bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans
Authors:   Kirov State Medical University, Kirov, Russian Federation, Sapozhnikova V.V. , Bondarenko A.L. ,   Kirov State Medical University, Kirov, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

Aim: to determine the association between clinical laboratory parameters, the production of cytokines (IL-17A, -23, -33, -35), and specific IgM and IgG in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Patients and Methods: complete blood count, the concentrations of IL-17A, -23, -33, -35, and the levels of specific IgM and IgG were measured during acute infection and convalescence (n=30). The control group included age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (n=30). Statistical analysis was performed using the StatSoft Statistica v 10.0 software (parametric and non-parametric methods and multifactorial analysis, i.e., principal component analysis). Results: most (80%) patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans are the people of working age. In most patients, the combination of the specific antibodies against Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii (76.7%) and severe intoxication and inflammatory process (100%) were detected. Moderate and severe disease associated with meningism was diagnosed in 90% and 10%, respectively. The mean duration of hectic period was 8.3±1.27 days. Abnormal ECG was reported in 40% of patients, i.e., conduction abnormalities in 20%, sinus bradycardia in 16.7%,and sinus tachycardia in 3.3%. The clinical laboratory signs of hepatitis without jaundice were identified in 26.7%. During treatment, the significant reduction in band and segmented neutrophil counts as well as the significant increase in platelet count were revealed compared to these parameters at admission. Abnormal cytokine levels (i.e., the increase in IL-17A, -23, -33 and the deficiency of IL-35) were detected. Conclusions: multifactorial analysis has demonstrated that the severity of immunological abnormalities in patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans is associated with fever, cardiac and liver disorders, the high levels of IL-23 and IL-33, and the lack of IL-35 and specific IgM and IgG. KEYWORDS: tick-borne borreliosis, Lyme disease without erythema migrans, clinical laboratory signs, cytokines, specific antibodies, multifactorial analysis, principal component analysis. FOR CITATION: Sapozhnikova V.V., Bondarenko A.L. Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(11):676–681. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-11-676-681.
Clinical features of chronic B hepatitis in children depending on treatment response
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Churbakovа O.V. , Akimkin V.G. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pechkurov D.V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

Background: chronic hepatitis is a common infection in all age groups. The optimization of therapeutic approaches is an important medical social and national economic issue. Aim: to describe the clinical and laboratory features of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in children depending on the efficacy of antiviral therapy. Patients and Methods: 31 children aged 3–17 years with НBeAg-negative CHB who were treated in the Children’s Infectious Department of N.A. Semashko Samara City Clinical Hospital No. 2 and then monitored in a children’s hepatological center were enrolled. These children received no prior antiviral treatment. T he efficacy of antivirals and CHB outcomes over a 6-year perio d were evaluated. Results: the changes in clinical and biochemical parameters in children with CHB depending on treatment response were analyzed. All children were prescribed with antiviral therapy according to Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Hepatitis B and C (2010). In 14 (45.2%) children who received antiviral therapy, sustained virologic response was achieved after 48 weeks. In these children, no cases of liver fibrosis were reported over a 6-year period. Meanwhile, in the group without sustained virologic response after antiviral therapy (n=17), 1 patient was diagnosed with liver fibrosis stage 1 and 2 patients were diagnosed with Child class A cirrhosis. Conclusion: despite countrywide HBV vaccination, the incidence of CHB is still high thus requiring the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. KEYWORDS: chronic hepatitis B, children, differential therapy, viral host response, prognosis. FOR CITATION: Churbakovа O.V., Akimkin V.G., Pechkurov D.V. Clinical features of chronic B hepatitis in children depending on treatment response. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(11):682–686. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-11-682-686.
Utilização dos aparelhos digitais em crianças com idade entre os 12 meses e os 5 anos
Authors:   Médico de Família, Parente Nuno Miguel , Costa Ana Elisabete ,   Médico de Família, Matos Ana Pinho ,   Médico de Família, Duarte Carla Barbosa ,   Médico de Família, Freitas Carina ,   Médico de Família, Mota Diana ,   Médico de Família, Martins Mário Pedro ,   Médico de Família, Martins Miguel Santos ,   Médico de Família
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Caracterizar a utilização dos aparelhos digitais em idade pré-escolar e comparar com as recomendações da Academia Americana de Pediatria e OMS. Testar associações entre a utilização dos aparelhos digitais pelas crianças e determinadas características dos pais e do seu uso. Tipo de estudo: Estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico. Local: Unidades de Saúde Familiar (USF) da zona norte de Portugal. População: Utentes, com idade entre os 12 meses e os cinco anos inclusive, de seis USF. Métodos: Questionário anónimo aplicado a uma amostra de pais que acompanharam a criança à consulta. Incluiu variáveis demográficas e perguntas relacionadas com a utilização dos aparelhos digitais pela criança e pais. Resultados: Obtiveram-se 342 questionários. A televisão e o smartphone foram os aparelhos mais presentes nas casas e os mais frequentemente usados pelas crianças. O início do seu uso deu-se antes dos 18 meses em 74,7% para a televisão, 23,4% para o smartphone e 16,3% para o tablet. Em 65,9% e 24% houve uma utilização diária para a televisão e smartphone, respetivamente. A utilização dos aparelhos aconteceu em 19% nos 60 minutos antes do sono e o «uso às refeições» foi o motivo mais reportado. Nas crianças com idade < 24 meses 88-93% demonstraram utilizar aparelhos digitais, enquanto nas crianças idade > 24 meses 70-74% tinham um tempo de ecrã > 1h/dia. Verificou-se associação do tempo de ecrã das crianças com o tempo de ecrã dos pais, perceção dos pais relativamente ao TEE da criança e número de aparelhos digitais no quarto. Conclusões: Regista-se um início muito precoce, antes dos 18 meses, para o uso destas tecnologias, que é abusivo, preocupante e fora das normas de orientação atuais. É importante abordar este assunto desde cedo nas consultas, sensibilizando os pais para outros tipos de atividade e estímulo.
Assessment of exposure to nickel intake with selected cereal grains and cereal-based products
Authors: Mania Monika , Rebeniak Małgorzata , Orshulyak Oksana , Postupolski Jacek
Published: December 2020

Background. Cereal grains and their products are among the basic components of the diet all over the world. Their consumption varies depending on the dietary habits in each country. Apart from ingredients valuable from a health point of view, these products can also be a source of contaminants. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) included these foodstuffs in the group of main contributors to the dietary exposure to nickel by different groups of the population.
Objective. The aim of the studies was to determine the nickel content in cereal grains and selected cereal products commercially available in Poland and to assess the exposure of consumers to nickel intake with these foodstuffs.
Material and methods. A total of 56 samples of cereal grain and cereal products from trade were tested. Nickel content was determined after microwave mineralization of the samples by atomic absorption spectrometry with a graphite furnace atomization (GFAAS). The estimated exposure for the different groups of the population was assessed and compared with the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) value established by the European Food Safety Authority based on an updated risk assessment at 13 μg/kg body weight (b.w.) per day.
Results. The mean (MB) and 95th percentile (MB) nickel content in investigated samples of cereal grains and their products were 0.66 mg/kg and 1.93 mg/kg. The mean content of Ni in the analyzed samples of grains was 1.16 mg/kg.
Obtained results in this group of products ranged from 0.10 mg/kg for rye to 4.80 mg/kg for millet. In the group of grain products, the mean (MB) concentration of nickel was 0.61 mg/kg (95th percentile (MB) 1.84 mg/kg). The highest nickel level was determined in the samples of bran, groats, and flakes compared to other grain-based products. The highest content of Ni in the group of cereal products was found in the samples of roasted buckwheat 1.81 mg/kg and oat flakes 2.53 mg/kg. Significantly lower nickel content was observed in barley groats as well as for pasta and flour.
The estimated average exposure of adults and children to nickel intake with grains and grain-based products ranged from 1.1% to 13.4% of TDI and it does not pose a health risk for consumers.
Conclusions. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the nickel content in the tested samples of cereals and their products does not pose a health risk, even though the contamination of individual samples was significant.
The prospect of using a necrotic protective barrier in the creation of potato varieties resistant to the Colorado potato beetle
Authors: Mardanshin Il'dar , Shakirzyanov Anvar
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to investigate the effectiveness of the necrotic protective barrier in creating resistance to the Colorado beetle in potatoes. Methods. The research was carried out in a field experiment according to the accepted methodology for 3 years. The research involved 30 different potato varieties grown in conditions of the Cis-Ural forest-steppe of the Bashkortostan Republic. The analysis was focused on the correlation between the leaf blade hypersensitive response intensity on the Colorado potato beetle egg clutch on the one hand, and the level of plant resistance to the pest and loss of tuber yield from damage by parasite on the other side. Results. There was observed a strong association between the resistance of potato tops and the plant yield (the correlation coefficient is 0.763–0.804) when potatoes are grown without the control of the phytophage number. When growing potato varieties with insecticide application, the productivity of plants practically did not depend on their resistance level to phytophage. There has been found a strong positive correlation between the hypersensitive reaction of the leaf blades to Colorado beetle egg disposition and the resistance of different potato varieties to the pest (correlation coefficient 0.568–0.671). On the contrary, the relationship between the hypersensitive response of the leaf blades to the egg clutch and the decrease in yields was negative (correlation coefficient –0.646...–0.763). Based on the analysis of the obtained data, it is concluded that the stability of potatoes and the reduced loss of tuber yields from pest damage are closely related to the potato leaf response against the Colorado beetle clutch. The use of a necrotic protective barrier is a promising direction in breeding potato varieties resistant to the Colorado potato beetle. The scientific novelty lies in the study of the possible application of a new type of resistance and creating on this basis potato tolerance donors against the Colorado beetle.
Biological efficiency and competitive ability of spring vetch when growing from a mixture with rapeseed for seeds and grain fodder
Authors: Bezgodov Andrey , Galimov Konstantin , Ahmethanov Vadim
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the method of growing mowed and grain-fed varieties of spring vetch in mixed crops with spring rape on the seed yield, yield structure, and seed sowing qualities. Method of research. Formulation of field experience and generalization of research results were performed in accordance with the methods of experimental work. Indicators that characterize the biological efficiency, competitiveness and aggressiveness of crops are considered. Results. Sowing of spring vetch with a seeding rate of 1.3, 0.8, 0.6 and 0.4 million germinating seeds per hectare in a mixture with rapeseed leads to the formation of a grain crop that significantly exceeds the yield for single-species sowing of vetches. Evaluation of the efficiency of arable land use (LER) shows that when using Vetch-rapeseed crops, the productivity of 1 ha of arable land increases significantly: by 1.9–2.16 times for the Krasnoufimskaya 49 variety; 1.89–2.02 times for the L’govskaya 91 variety; 1.82–1.98 times for the Lugovskaya 98 variety; 1.38–1.62 times for the Lyuba variety. The efficiency of arable land use is achieved due to the total interaction of both crops and their increased competitiveness in the agro-cenosis. When the seeding rate is 0.4 million per ha, compared with the seeding rate of 1.3 million per ha, the vetch aggressiveness coefficient, depending on the variety, increases by 1.59–2.0 times. Scientific novelty. In the conditions of the Middle Urals, high efficiency of vetch cultivation in mixed crops with rapeseed was revealed, and the influence of changes in the seeding rate on the yield and sowing qualities of vetch seeds was established.
Budget risk research: a process approach
Authors: Kot Ekaterina , Zyryanova Tat'yana , Terehova Ol'ga
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Competitiveness has always been the basis for building a market economy. In modern conditions, this quality should also be enjoyed by public sector institutions. Pre-education that takes place in the public sector of the economy, which mainly includes educational institutions, is aimed at creating a competitive environment among educational institutions, in which they must fight for victory in the competition to complete a state task, for applicants, for reputation, and, ultimately, for budget funding. And in this situation, various management systems, often borrowed from the commercial sphere of activity, come to the fore. One of these systems is the risk management system, which includes both the positive and negative nature of risk and its hybrid component in the modern interpretation. Existing risk management standards consider risk from these positions. Purpose of work it is a study of budget risks from the point of view of the process approach, assessment and relationship of the stages of the budget process and risks. The novelty of this work is the use of risk-based thinking to achieve the effectiveness of the quality management system of budget processes. Methods. The methodological apparatus of research on the stated problem is based on the methods of economic and comparative analysis, expert assessments. Results. The results of the study revealed a clear relationship and reflection of the main principles of the process approach in the budget process. In addition, it was determined that the budget process also has the characteristic key elements of the process approach. measures to prevent budget risks are taken jointly by the owner and participants in the budget process, using the necessary resources and following the relevant principles, while the coordinator, who is responsible for the coordinated work of participants in the process and ensures the safety and timely presentation of all potentially useful information, plays a key role in preventing and minimizing budget process risks.
Histogenesis of central lung cancer: cytological investigation
Authors: Bolgova L.S. , Tuganova T.N. , Alekseenko O.I. , Litvinets O.M. , Suprun G.A. , Ponomarenko A.A.
Published: December 2020

Summary. Aim: To study the features of the bronchial mucosa lesion in relation to centrally growing lung cancer (LC) according to diagnostic fibrobronchoscopy in comparison with the results of cytomorphological data to determine the possible origin of tumor growth (histogenesis). Patients and Methods: The data of fibrobronchoscopy and cytological findings based on the materials of 75 patients with a clinical diagnosis of LC were studied and compared. By the sum of the numerous cytomorphological features of epithelial cells and their components, the cells of the cylindrical epithelium and LC of various histological types were identified. The cells in bronchial smears and bronchial lavage were stained by Pappenheim and Papanicolau. Diagnostic material was examined by light microscopy. Results: We have found that in a part of the patients (49%), the tumors with exophytic growth in the bronchus are covered with a cylindrical epithelium, which indirectly indicates the origin of cancer growth under the epithelial layer. In cytological preparations of 51% patients, cancer cells were found, which confirms the tumor invasion into the bronchial mucosa. In 48 (64%) patients, fibrobronchoscopy revealed that the examined bronchus was compressed from 50% to pinpoint width, evidencing that tumor growth develops from the outside, peribronchially. Conclusion: The obtained data indirectly confirm the development of central LC from type II pneumocytes, which are found in the glands of the submucous membrane of the bronchus. However, it does not exlude the development of this type of LC from the basal cell of the bronchial epithelium.
Plasminogen/plasmin affects expression of glycolysis regulator TIGAR and induces autophagy in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells
Authors: Tykhomyrov A.A. , Nedzvetsky V.S. , Aĝca C.A. , Guzyk M.M. , Korsa V.V. , Grinenko T.V.
Published: December 2020

Summary. Pericellular plasmin generation triggers apoptosis/anoikis in normal adherent cells. However, cancer cells are notoriously resistant to anoikis, enabling metastasis and new tumor growth beyond their original environment. Autophagy can be a major contributor to anoikis resistance in cancer. Aim: To investigate if protective autophagy can be induced in lung adenocarcinoma cells in response to plasminogen treatment. Materials and Methods: Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were incubated with Glu-plasminogen (0.1–1.0 µM) for 24 h. Pericellular plasmin activity was monitored spectrophotometrically by a cleavage of the specific chromogenic­ substrate S-2251. Cell survival was assessed by 3-[4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT)-test. Degradation of fibronectin, levels of autophagy markers (beclin-1 and light chain 3 (LC3)) and glycolysis regulator (TIGAR) were evaluated by western blot. Intracellular localization of LC-3 was visualized by immunocytochemistry. Results: It was shown that plasminogen is converted into plasmin on the surface of adenocarcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Plasmin disrupted cellular adhesive contacts resulting in cell detachment. A549 cells did not loss their viability after plasminogen treatment for 24 h, while 1.0 µM plasminogen was cytotoxic for non-transformed fibroblasts. Plasminogen 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 µM induced 7.08-, 5.18-, and 3.78-fold elevation of TIGAR expression (p < 0.05), respectively. Enhanced TIGAR expression indicates switch on pentose phosphate pathway, protection against oxidative stress to prevent apoptosis, facilitation of DNA repair and the degradation of their own organelles (autophagy). Exposure of adenocarcinoma cells to plasminogen in concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 µM caused 1.74- and 2.19-fold elevation of beclin-1 expression vs untreated cells (p < 0.05), respectively. Unlike K1–3 fragment, plasminogen treatment (0.1-0.5 µM) resulted in increased expression of LC3-I and stimulated rapid conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II. Up-regulation of beclin-1 levels and enhanced LC3-I/II conversion in plasminogen-treated A549 cells are the hallmarks of autophagy induction. According to immunocytochemistry data, increased LC3 puncta and autophagosome formation after exposure to plasminogen could reflect autophagy activation. Conclusions: Therefore, we showed stimulation of prosurvival signals and induction of autophagy in plasminogen-treated adenocarcinoma cells rendering them resistant to apoptosis/anoikis. Based on the obtained data, autophagy has a great potential for novel targets that affect cancer cell death, in addition to the current cytotoxic agents.
Cytochrome P450 content in primary tumors and liver metastases of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Burlaka A.P. , Virko S.V. , Burlaka A.A. , Chernobai V.А. , Yatsyna O.I. , Ganusevich I.I.
Published: December 2020

Summary. Aim: To determine the content of low-spin form of cytochrome P450 in primary tumors and liver metastases of the patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and and assess its prognostic significance. Materials and Methods: The levels of the oxidized and low-spin forms of cytochrome P450 in the tissues of patients with mCRC were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance. To detect CYP 1A2 and CYP 1B1 isoforms, Western blot analysis was used. The activity of metalloprotreinases was studied by gelatine zymography. Results: In the liver metastases and tissues adjacent to metastasis, the levels of low-spin forms of cytochrome P450 are lower than in the samples of conventionally normal liver tissue. Western blot analysis revealed that low-spin form of cytochrome P450 in primary tumors and liver metastases detected by electron paramagnetic resonance is attributed largely to CYP 1B1 isoform. The content of low-spin form of cytochrome P450 inversely correlated with the the activity of gelatinases (matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9). The survival of patients with high levels of the low-spin form of cytochrome P450 in tumor tissues was higher than that of patients with low levels of the enzyme (105 months vs 61 months). Conclusion: In the primary tumors and liver metastases of patients with mCRC, the content of the low-spin form of cytochrome P450 decreased, which correlated inversely with patient’s survival.
Rapid Prototyping : An Effective Tool for Manufacturing of Intricate Geometries of Automotive Components : A Case Study
Authors: Sherekar R. M. , Sambhe R. U.
Published: December 2020

Tooling is one of the most important elements in the manufacturing process. To achieve the high quality requirements, moulds are traditionally made by CNC-machining, electro-discharge machining or conventional technologies. The term Rapid Prototyping (RP) refers to a group of technologies that can automatically construct physical model from Computer Aided Design data. Rapid Prototyping allows them to be made quicker and less expensively. The Rapid Prototyping techniques involves basic five step process like, Create a 3D CAD model of the required design, Convert the CAD model to STL format, Slice the STL file, Construct the model Layer by Layer and finally Clean and finish the model. Rapid Prototyping is widely used in fabrication of intricate parts of automotive, aerospace, medical and consumer products industries. Also especially moulds are made from RP model from Rapid Tooling. In this paper, a case study of manufacturing of engine head is taken. In contrast to construction of models by machining, based on the removal of material until the required form is achieved, RP model is made by adding material layer by layer until the whole part will be completed.
Design and Fabrication of Automatic Sorting Machine using Arduino
Authors: Prabhakar Kadole Pavan , Pattnaik Choudhury Rajat Kumar , Nath Akash Kumar , Dubey Aditya , Somaiya KM Vishall
Published: December 2020

This work is based on Design of a transport line conveyor belt for sorting and arranging products based on their height using the IR sensors for detecting the object and mechanism to drive the conveyor belt. The project is locally controlled by the use of Arduino based embedded system. The automatic sorting and arranging machine are used to sort the different types of products based on the product height. This automation significantly reduces the time required for manual sorting in the production line of small/medium scale industries and hence it also decreases the percentage of human error during sorting/arranging. The products are placed on the transport line conveyor system and as it moves on the conveyor it is scanned by the IR sensor, depending on the height of the product these will be sorted into different bins automatically.
Design and Construction of 3 x 3 Bits Programmable Logic Array (PLA) Circuit
Authors: Win Sanda , Htwe San San , Win Sandar , Swe Myint Myint
Published: December 2020

A programmable logic array (PLA) is a kind of programmable logic device used to implement combinational logic circuits. The PLA has a set of programmable AND gate planes, which link to a set of programmable OR gate planes, which can then be conditionally complemented to produce an output. It has 2N AND gate s for N input variables and for M outputs from PLA, there should be M OR gates, each with programmable inputs from all of the AND gates. This layout allows for many logic functions to be synthesized in the sum of products canonical forms. The Programmable Logic Array (PLA) has a programmable AND array followed by a programmable OR array. Programmable Logic Array (PLA) circuit is built by using AND gates and OR gates. The 3x 4 bits data can be stored in this circuit. The large storage data bits of PLA circuit store by a using large AND-OR array with lots of inputs and product terms, and programmable connections. Programmable Logic Array circuit functions as ROM circuit.
SIMULATION OF ASYMMETRICALLY DISTRIBUTED PROCESSES
Authors:   Odesa State Academy of Technical Regulation and Quality, Shcherbina Yu. V. , Asabashvili S. D. ,   Odesa State Academy of Technical Regulation and Quality, Prokopenko A. M. ,   Odesa State Academy of Technical Regulation and Quality
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problems of modeling asymmetrically distributed stochastic processes and assessing the quality of the modeling process based on the use of the Pearson chi-square criterion. The problems that arise in each individual case of modeling are identified. As a method of generating an output stream of random numbers distributed according to a given law of probability distribution, the method of inverse functions is proposed, and as a generator of the input stream, it is proposed to use a stream generated by the Mersenne generator. The analysis of research methods and evaluation of computer models of stochastic processes is given and the choice of a nonparametric research method based on histograms is substantiated. Suggestions on the choice of their main parameters are provided: the size of the interval for separating the statistical set of values of the output stream of the model and the number of such intervals, calculated on the basis of the size of the statistical sample. It is shown that the quality of statistical material significantly affects the success of modeling. In the case of an asymmetric nature of the distribution of the model's output stream, the accuracy of calculating the chi-square exponent is significantly affected by those values that fall into the extreme intervals of the histogram. It is shown that the reason for this is the incommensurability of their values with the values in the central part of the histogram and this is a separate modeling problem, as a solution to which there can be filtering of the statistical set, preceding the determination of the quality indicator. The sequence of procedures for forming a model of a stochastic process and processing the results of calculating the parameters of the histogram is determined.
2020: Estudiantes, emociones, salud mental y pandemia
Authors: Fernández Poncela Anna María
Published: December 2020

Este texto es un acercamiento a las emociones de estudiantes universitarios en tiempos de pandemia y confinamiento. Se revisa la importancia de las emociones en general y en épocas de cambios. Para luego realizar un acercamiento a las emociones en el año 2020 desde la mirada y los relatos del alumnado de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, en la ciudad de México, a través de una encuesta en dicho centro docente al estudiantado y por medio de relatos solicitados a un grupo. El miedo y la incertidumbre ante la situación destaca, y la tristeza, el estrés y la fatiga.
Characteristics of violent crimes committed in punitentiary institutions
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, I.V. Bodnar , E.M. Kraskovskyi ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, М.S. Kyseliova ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article states that one of the main tasks of penitentiary institutions is the fight against violent crimes committed both against the convicted and the personnel of the institutions. That is why the special criminological prevention, which is carried out for this purpose, should be based on clear planning and a qualitatively formed forecast of possible manifestations of these illegal actions. The article emphasizes that these activities should be based on data obtained by such sciences as criminology and criminalistics regarding the characteristics of these unlawful manifestations. Characteristics of violent crimes, namely: the time of a crime. Violent crimes are most often committed: after the convicts are removed from work and up to 12 hours of midnight, which is typical of a residential area; after a lunch break and before the convicts are removed from work, which is typical of the production area; after the attack nature. For the residential area it is characterized by committing a group attack, and for the industrial area – individual one. One of the main reasons for committing violent crimes is the objective factors, namely: the state of persistent criminogenic contamination of prisoners; the scarcity of material resources, in connection with which the importance of the objects possessed by the convicts increases significantly and the relations concerning their distribution are aggravated; obsolescence of the closed-type of criminal and executive institution`s material base, which by its nature is not capable of creating the proper conditions of prisoners` detention; spontaneous stratification, that is, dividing prisoners into several categories, whose members differ on such grounds as the amount of informal power, the nature of relations with other prisoners, and the way of life in the penitentiary institution. Key words: crimes against justice, escape from places of imprisonment, convicted person, institution of execution of punishments, causes and conditions of committing a crime, special criminological prevention.
El impacto de la COVID-19 en la economía mexicana
Authors: Pastor Escribano Álvaro , Laredo Argumosa Adrián
Published: December 2020

La crisis de 2020 originada por la COVID-19, puede considerarse como una crisis única por su origen, características, magnitud y consecuencias. La pandemia ha generado un doble shock de oferta y demanda, inducido por las restricciones impuestas por las autoridades para proteger a la población, que previsiblemente provocará la mayor recesión sufrida por México en su historia reciente. Para compensar esta contracción, las autoridades han aplicado una política económica levemente expansiva, sin perder de vista la estabilidad presupuestaria y de precios. Pese al elevado grado de incertidumbre y las dificultades existentes, se puede observar una clara reactivación de la economía a partir del tercer trimestre. Si México consigue aprovechar sus fortalezas, cabe esperar que esta recuperación continúe en 2021.
MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI DESA CINANGKA MELALUI ASPEK PENDIDIKAN, SOSIAL DAN EKONOMI YANG DITUNJANG DENGAN PENGETAHUAN AGAMA DAN KESEHATAN JASMANI
Authors: Ratnawaty Latifah , Mubarak Maudiawan , Akhsya Rasi Magi
Published: December 2020

Pada program KKN kami merealisasikan salah satu tri dharma perguruan tinggi yaitupemberdayaan masyarakat. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan program ini yaitu diharapkan mahasiswamemperoleh pengalaman belajar melalui keterlibatan dalam masyakarat yang secara langsungmenemukan, merumuskan, memecahkan dan menanggulangi permasalahan yang berada dilapangan. Adapun khalayak sasaran dari pemberdayaan masyarakat yang kami lakukan yaitusiswa-siswi sekolah yang ada di kampung tersebut meliputi PAUD, SD, SMP, dan SMA. Banyak program yang kami laksanakan di kampung Cinangka tersebut. Program-programtersebut meliputi kegiatan belajar mengajar di sekolah, pelaksanaan kurikulum 2013, Learnand fun (Bahasa Inggris), Market Day, menabung sejak dini, penyuluhan kewirausahaan,pembuatan rambu-rambu tempat peribadatan, peringatan banyak anak-anak di sekitaran SDNCinangka 04, rambu peringatan tikungan tajam, sosialisasi penerapan e-commerce padapemuda setempat, penyuluhan dan praktik PHBD di sekolah dan posyandu, senam sore,pengajian ibu-ibu dan remaja putri desa Cinangka, mengajar Pendidikan Agama Islam,penyuluhan zakat, infaq dan sadaqah dan pelarangan riba di tingkat sd, baca tulis qur’an,rumah pintar, pelaksanaan lomba 17 Agustus, pemberian bibi pohon kepada desa Cinangka,perpisahan kampung dan perpisahan desa. Selama kurang lebih 1 bulan, program-programtersebut dapat terlaksana dengan baik dan dapat diterima oleh masyarakat
PENINGKATAN KEMANDIRIAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM DESA WISATA PERTANIAN BERBASIS KECAKAPAN HIDUP DAN PENDIDIKAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN DI DUSUN BABAKAN SAIKHWAN DESA CIBITUNG TENGAH
Authors: Gustiawati Syarifah , Fawait Fatholloh , Sugiri Bayu
Published: December 2020

Ini merupaka jurnal mengenai laporan Kuliah Kerja Nyata Kelompok 02 KKN UIKA Bogor2018 di Desa Cibitung Tengah Kecamatan Tenjolaya Kabupaten Bogor, Setelah melaluibeberapa survey kami putuskan untuk menetapkan Kampung Babakan Saikhwan sebagitempat dimana kami akan melaksanakan Kuliah Kerja Nyata, dimana keadaan masyarakatsekitar masih perlu bimbingan untuk mencapai kemandiriana. Penduduk kampung BabakanSaikhwan mayoritas berfropesi sebagai petani, dan tidak sedikit dari anak-anak mereka yangputus sekolah, bergerak dari permasalahan tersebut kami mencoba untuk memberikan solusimelalui beberapa program dan kegiatan yang diharapkan dapat menjadi pemantik bagi merekauntuk menjadi masyarakat yang lebih baik, mandiri dan berdikari.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN AIR DAN PEMBANGUNAN SISTEM PENGAIRAN MENGGUNAKAN POMPA AIR DI KAMPUNG CENGAL DESA KARACAK
Authors: Pramono Gatot Eka , Andana Rendy
Published: December 2020

Kekayaan sumber daya air yang melimpah merupakan anugerah dan kebanggaan yang tak ternilai sehingga patut untuk disyukuri. , namun banyak permasalahan air yang ada di Indonesiaseperti masalah yang terjadi di kampung cengal ini adalah krisis air bersih untuk kebutuhansehari – hari terutama mandi cuci kakus (MCK). Kampung Cengal memiliki kontur tanahperbukitan atau pegunungan sedangkan sumber air yang saat ini digunakan oleh masyarakatberada di bawah pedesaan yaitu sekitar 1000 M atau 1 KM yang saat ini mengalami kekeringan.Pembangunan sistem pengairan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan dan mengembangkan saranapenyediaan air bersih di masyarakat ketika sedang kekeringan. Dengan menggunakan pompaair bermanfaat untuk menyalurkan air dari bawah pedesaan ke rumah warga dengan mudah.Hasil penelitian yang didapat bahwa masyarakat dapat menggunakan air bersih untuk keperluansehari-hari tanpa mengeluarkan banyak waktu dan tenaga. Air bersih mudah didapatkan melaluisystem pengaliran menggunakan pompa air.
PEMBELAJARAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA CIHIDEUNG UDIK
Authors: Rahman Imas Kania , Arrdiansyah Ricky
Published: December 2020

Sumber daya manusia merupakan aset utama dalam membangun suatu bangsa. Ketersediaansumber daya alam (natural resources) yang melimpah dan adanya sumber daya modal sertateknologi yang semakin canggih, tidak akan mempunyai kontribusi yang bernilai tambah,tanpa didukung oleh adanya sumber daya manusia (human resources) yang berkualitas.Dengan demikian, peningkatan kualitas suatu bangsa sesungguhnya bertumpu padapeningkatan kualitas sumber manusianya, dan hanya akan dapat dicapai salah satunya melaluipenekanan pada pentingnya pendidikan. Berangkat dari hal tersebut kami menganggappentingnya pendidikan dan kesehatan dalam kehidupan. Salah satu tempatnya adalah di DesaCihideung Udik Kecamatan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor yang perlu mendapatkan perhatiankhusus terkait dengan bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnyakesadaran masyarakat di daerah ini terhadap pentingnya pendidikan dan kesehatan, hal initerlihat dari tidak tersedianya tempat pembuangan sampah dan anak-anak yang tidak masuksekolah tanpa adanya alasan yang jelas, maka dari itu aspek pendidikan pun perlumendapatkan perhatian agar masyarakat desa tersebut dapat belajar serta memahami denganbaik mengenai sistem pendidikan yang juga didukung dengan pemahaman akan pentingnyakesehatan bagi para warga di desa tersebut
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENINGKATAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN, KEAGAMAAN, EKONOMI DAN KESEHATAN DI DESA CIARUTEUN UDIK
Authors: Chotimah Indira , Utami Imanda Rizkatria
Published: December 2020

Pendidikan adalah proses mengembangkan kemampuan diri sendiri dan kekuatan individu.Yang mana setiap warga negara berhak untuk mendapatkannya baik secara formal, non formal maupun pendidikan agama yang dampaknya dapat dirasakan oleh lapisan masyarakat,pendidikan penting didapat karena dapat membangun karakter individu serta dapat membantuuntuk kemajuan bangsa. Selain masalah pendidikan, keperdulian terhadap perilaku hidupbersih dan sehat juga penting untuk diperhatikan karena minimnya kesadaran akankepentingan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat. Terkait dengan kesehatan masalah lingkunganpun perlu diperhatikan karena keperdulian terhadap lingkungan sekitar pun masih minim dimasyarakat, seperti membuang sampah sembarangan, membiarkan air menggenang dan lainsebagainya. Ini akan berdampak pada masalah kesehatan warga sekitar dan menyebabkanpenyakit mudah timbul. Mengajarkan anak untuk menabungharus di tanamkan sejak dini agarbisa menjadi orang yang gemar menabung dan mempunyai masa depan yang cerah karenasudah terbiasa menyisihkan sebagian uang untuk kepentingan masa depannya
PENERAPAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT BERBASIS PENDIDIKAN DI DESA GUNUNG MALANG
Authors: Marlina Asti , Farid M. , Yudhea Michael
Published: December 2020

Pengabdian masyarakat adalah suatu kegiatan yang bertujuan membantu masyarakat tertentu dalam beberapa aktivitas tanpa mengharapkan imbalan dalam bentuk apapun. Dalam mengembangkan kesejahteraan dan kemajuan bangsa Indonesia Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat merupakan salah satu bagian dari Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Salah satu desa yang memiliki potensi dalam pembangunan nilai sosial dan ekonomi adalah Desa Gunung malang Kecamatan Tenjolaya Kabupaten Bogor. Hal itu karena di desa ini merupakan salah satu desa dengan jumlah penduduk terbanyak di Kecamatan Tenjolaya dan memiliki banyak potensi muatan lokal yang variatif yang dapat menumbuhkan jiwa wirausaha dari tiap warga didesa gunung malang. Peningkatan nilai sosial dan ekonomi yang diusung dalam kegiatan ini memiliki tujuan yaitu: (1) menumbuhkan nilai sosial terhadap remaja serta anak usia dini, (2) meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat melalui pelatihan berwirausaha. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah: (1) Pendekatan religius (2) Pendekatan organisasi (3) Pendekatan kekerabatan (4) Pendekatan berdasarkan karakter masyarakat
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA MELALUI METODE KERJASAMA DENGAN AKADEMISI PROGRAM KULIAH KERJA NYATA
Authors: . Hurriyaturrohman , Al Ikhsan Safaruddin Hidayat , Irfan Muhamad , Janah Miptahul
Published: December 2020

Kuliah Kerja Nyata Tematik Terintegrasi merupakan salah satu program pengabdian mahasiswa yang memiliki tujuan untuk mengembangkan, meningkatkan mutu sumber daya dan mencapai efektivitas program pembangunan yang ditandai dengan semakin baiknya kualitas kehidupan masyarakat pada bidang agama islam, pendidikan, kesehatan, ekonomi, hukum dan teknologi. Kegiatan KKN dibagi menjadi beberapa tahap, yaitu survey dan observasi ke desa sasaran, workshop, pendekatan sasaran program, realisasi program, monitoring dan evaluasi kegiatan, dan lokakarya hasil KKN. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan mulai  tanggal 06 Agustus - 05 September 2019. Desa Warga Jaya merupakan salah satu desa DiWilayah Kecamatan Cigudeg Kabupaten Bogor yang menjadi desa sasaran KKN dengan luas wilayah 772, 38 Ha yang terbagi dalam 6 Dusun, 13 RW dan 43 RT. Adapun beberapa program KKN yang dilaksanakan meliputi Taman Belajar (Tabel), Mengajar di PAUD,Mengajar di SDN, Penyuluhan Ekonomi, Re-branding product, Penyuluhan Kesehatan Sikat gigi dan Cuci tangan, Jum’at bersih, Peringatan Hari Kemerdekaan RI, Seminar Hukum, Seminar Teknologi, Pembuatan dan pemasangan plang jalan, Pembuatan dan pemasanganplakat RT, Pembuatan bak sampah dan Pembuatan Penerangan jalan. Secara umum, hasil kegiatan telah sesuai dengan rencana yang telah ditetapkan, walaupun ada beberapa hambatan yang dialami
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) TERKAIT PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI LINGKUNGAN MASYARAKAT DESA LEUWISADENG
Authors: Sutoyo Edi , Safitri Ani , Mardadi Silo
Published: December 2020

PHBS adalah upaya untuk memberikan pengalaman belajar atau menciptakan suatu kondisi bagi perorangan, keluarga, kelompok dan masyarakat, dengan membuka jalan komunikasi, memberikan informasi dan melakukan edukasi, untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku, melalui pendekatan pimpinan (advokasi), bina suasana (social support) dan pemberdayaan masyarakat (empowerment) sehingga dapat menerapkan cara-cara hidup sehat dalam rangka menjaga, memelihara dan meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat khususnya di Desa Leuwisadeng RT 06 dan RW 03. Dalam penelitian ini metode pendekatan yang digunakan  adalah dengan pendekatan secara langsung yakni dengan mengunjungi rumah warga satu persatu kemudian membagikan kuisioner dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Tujuan pembagian kuisioner tersebut untuk mengetahui intelektual serta perilaku dari masyarakat tentang pengelolan sampah yang baik dan benar. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat desa Leuwisadeng terkait permasalahan sampah tergolong masih standar atau terhitung sebanyak 54% terpenuhi, 80% jawaban mengatakan mengetahui jenis sampah. dan  dalam pernyataan selanjutnya yang menguji pengetahuan responden terkait jenis sampah organik dan non organik, terbilang baru sekitar 45% yang mengetahui perbedaan jenis sampah tersebut. Bila ditinjau dari kedua pernyataan diatas, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terkait jenis sampah masih tergolong berada di tingkat paling dasar.
MENGEMBANGKAN KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA MELALUI PENINGKATAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN, KESEHATAN DAN PEREKONOMIAN DESA BARENGKOK
Authors: Sundarta M Imam , Angelina Putri Ria , Akbar Iyus Sidik , Rohmah Isnaini Lailatul
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan dan membangun masyarakat Desa Barengkok melalui bidang pendidikan, kesehatan dan perekonomian, dengan menggunakan penerapan metode Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Deskriptif  pencarian fakta dengan interpretasi yang tepat. Penelitian deskriptif mempelajari masalah-masalah dalam masyarakat serta tata cara yang berlaku dalam masyarakat serta situasi-situasi tertentu, termasuk tentang hubungan, kegiatan-kegiatan, sikap-sikap, pandangan-pandangan, serta proses-proses yang sedang berlangsung dan pengaruh-pengaruh dari suatu fenomena. Dengan metode deskriptif ini juga diselidiki kedudukan (status) fenomena atau faktor dan melihat hubungan antara satu faktor dengan faktor lainnya. Karenanya metode deskriptif juga dinamakan studi status (status study). Penelitian dalam bidang pendidikan, kesahatan dan perekonomian kami lakukan di Kp. Barengkok RW 001 dan RW 003.
PENYEDIAAN FASILITAS BERUPA PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH RUMAH TANGGA DAN PENYEDIAAN SARANA AIR BERSIH MELALUI PERPIPAAN DI RT 02 RW 01 DESA PURASARI
Authors: Lutfi Muhamad , Dwimawati Eny , Ali Gunawan Iyan
Published: December 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat dalam memecahkan masalah, meningkatkan taraf pengetahuan, dan keterampilan, sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dimulai dari bulan Agustus-September 2019 di Desa Purasari, Kecamatan Leuwiliang, Kabupaten Bogor. Sebelum menentukan program kerja, observasi dilakukan dengan metode studi kasus untuk mengamati secara langsung situasi, kondisi, sarana, dan prasarana yang ada di lokasi yaitu di Desa Purasari, ditemukan beberapa masalah di antaranya keterbatasan sumber air bersih, dan ketidaktahuan masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan limbah rumah tangga menjadi pupuk organik, serta masalah yang berhubungan dengan pendidikan, hukum, keagamaan dan ekonomi. Masalah ketersediaan air bersih dan limbah rumah tangga menjadi prioritas dalam kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat kali ini. Dalam mengatasi keterbatasan sumber mata air kami menggunakan metode Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) yang bekerja sama dengan masyarakat sekaligus memberikan edukasi dalam penyaluran sumber mata air bersih kepada warga desa sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Selain daripada itu kami menggunakan metode Anaerob untuk mengedukasi masyarakat dengan memberikan pelatihan pembuatan pupuk kompos organik cair yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat melalui pengolahan limbah rumah tangga sehingga dapat mengurangi jumlah limbah rumah tangga dan menjaga kebersihan lingkungan agar tetap bersih dan asri.
USING TACHIYOMI METHOD IN TEACHING ENGLISH READING FOR VOCATIONAL STUDENT
Authors: Perdana Prasetya Eska
Published: December 2020

Teaching English for Vocational School, especially teaching reading is not easy. The teachers have to deal with the students who have the different characteristics on the class. Reading is also the other problems for vocational students. They feel hard to read. Knowing the characteristics and factors that cause difficulty in reading for vocational students, the teachers have to poses creative and effective method to teach English for vocational student. In Japan, one of the methods for teaching English reading for vocational student is tachiyomi method. This research employed survey method to know the improvement of student English reading skill using tachiyomi method. From the test, it showed that the average of all aspect; main idea, specific information, reference, inference, and vocabulary in every meeting, in each cycle had improved. The result of the observation also showed that there were improvement of students’ participations and students’ attitudes in every meeting.
STRENGTHENING STUDENT’S ENGLISH SKILLS THROUGH THE EXPOSURE OF AUDIO VISUAL-BASED ENGLISH STORIES
Authors: Furqon Muhammad , Dinda Rahmalia Putri Raden
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, our life affected by fast-changing technology, so do the learning process. Many studies stated that Technology helps the students and teachers to achieve learning goals. One of the common techniques that usually help students to improve their English skills is by listening to audio visual- based English stories. In this study, a student is exposed to audio visual- based English stories in learning English, the goal of this study is to examine which skills that greatly impacted by the exposure of audio-visual English stories into student's learning. This study uses the Qualitative method, in which written test results, observation results, and recordings are used to obtain the data. By the end of the study, it can be concluded that Listening skill is the most affected skill from the exposure of the Audio-Visual based English Stories.