DIGITALIZATION VECTOR OF EU LABOR MARKET DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kovbych Tetiana 
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the development of digital economy and information networks on the basis of advances in information and telecommunication technologies, affecting the qualitative and structural changes in all sectors of social production, in particular in the EU labor market. This leads to the transformation of production systems, management and state regulation in most EU countries. Having recovered from World War II, humanity has launched a new economic model called "smart production and consumption". It is shown that the economy of the XXI century, acquiring more and more signs of digitalization, is significantly transformed into a global digital economy. The development of ICTs reflects notable changes in the organization of the production process and labor activities, as new technologies stop performing certain types of labor activities. At the same time, they create a demand for people with new professional and qualification characteristics and contribute to the emergence of new jobs, thus creating new opportunities and requirements that a modern automated worker should meet. The fact that new opportunities for Ukrainian IT specialists have appeared on the EU labor market deserves special attention, the number of which has increased significantly due to the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. IT has become an integral part of modern life. Thus, at the beginning of 2022 there were 90 thousand IT specialists (programmers) working in Ukraine. However, it is worth noting that Ukraine is currently experiencing a very difficult military situation, which reflects an accelerated outflow of population to other regions of Ukraine and EU countries. About 3.5 million Ukrainians have moved to the European Union. Among the "forced migrants" there is a certain share of people with skills in the IT industry. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of IT skills, which are the main driving force behind the digitalization of the EU labor market. In particular, these qualities include the ability to work with foreigners, to attract investment, to work with computer technology and use technology in various cases, and to learn quickly and know foreign languages. This makes IT specialists very demanding. On the EU labor market, professions such as IT recruiter, project manager, PR manager, product manager and system analyst are most attractive to men, while HR manager, SEO-marketer, copywriter and WEB-analyst are more popular among women. Methodology. The methodology of expert assessment of the level of digitalization in the EU labor market is determined by an integral indicator, namely the index of digitalization of the labor market. This index measures the share of employment in services, the share of employment in knowledge-intensive services, the level of access to ICTs, the level of use of ICTs, the level of adoption of new organizational models of work based on ICTs, the share of exports of information and communication services, and the share of exports of digital services. This methodology allows to rank the countries of the European Union on the degree of digitalization of the labor market and prove the ability of states to provide employment growth through the spread of digital technology and the development of a digital global space. Results. It has been argued that humans today are hostage to resource collapse. In this case there is a dilemma: either to move along the current path, or technologically to become part of nature, that is, to live at the expense of fundamentally new inexhaustible resources and technologies created by wildlife, but using the most modern technology. This means the convergence of science and technology, consisting of similarities in the device and function of relatively distant groups, namely the convergence in the evolution of such technologies as N-nano, B-bio, I-Information, C-cognitive, the so-called NBIC-technologies. It has been established that today's programmers come in different ranks: junior, middle, and senior, and are proficient in major programming languages such as C, C++, C#, Java, Python, JavaScript, and PHP. With these qualities, programmers can work in a variety of industries because they are highly adaptable to change and have patience, because technology is constantly changing. Therefore, undoubtedly, such employees in the field of digital technology are very desirable for employers. Practical implications. As an effective practical method of analyzing the digitalization of the EU labor market the system approach and the development of IT-technologies are proposed. They cover the whole complex of scientific and technical problems, which, for all their specificity and diversity, are similar in their understanding and consideration of the objects and systems they study. That is, sets of interrelated elements that act as a whole. The index of digitalization of the labor market is one of these elements. It is used to assess the large share of IT services in various areas of the EU labor market. Value/originality. The article discusses the current directions of IT influence on the digitalization of the EU labor market. It shows how exactly IT contributes to the implementation of automated labor at the current stage of development of the digital economy in the EU. The number of people engaged in technical and technological labor in the digital space is relatively increasing, which forms the digital employment market. The digitalization of the labor market is automated through information systems and the spread of information technology. It requires a new type of thinking from the modern worker, formed on the basis of general education and special knowledge and skills in the use of innovative information technologies.