bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential Benefits of Silicon Nutrition to Hydroponically Grown Sweet Basil
Authors: Li Yuan , Heckman Joseph , Wyenandt Andrew , Mattson Neil , Durner Edward , Both A.J.
Published: October 2020

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a globally cultivated and consumed herb known for its unique aroma and flavor. Sweet basil grows best in warm temperatures, and productivity and marketability decrease when grown under cool conditions (<10 °C). Silicon (Si) is not considered an essential plant nutrient, but it can be beneficial to Si macroaccumulator plants by alleviating several biotic and abiotic stresses. Recent studies have shown that some microaccumulator species may also benefit from Si. In this study, we examined the effects of different levels (0, 25, and 75 ppm Si) of Si amendments on hydroponic basil grown at 23 °C. Si (75 ppm) significantly increased shoot height and weight with no negative impact on plant morphology. All Si-treated basil plants absorbed Si in small quantities and affected the uptake of phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum. After an unintentional frost event, basil plants treated with 75 ppm had significantly higher survival rates and reduced cold injury symptoms. We concluded that Si amendments can have a positive impact on hydroponically grown sweet basil, and that such amendments may reduce plant damage due to occasionally cooler growing temperatures.
Comparative Performance of Reduced-risk Fungicides and Biorational Products in Management of Postharvest Botrytis Blight on Bigleaf Hydrangea Cut Flowers
Authors: Bika Ravi , Palmer Cristi , Alexander Lisa , Baysal-Gurel Fulya
Published: October 2020

Botrytis cinerea is one of the problematic and notorious postharvest pathogens of bigleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla) cut flowers. It causes flower blight, leaf blight, and stem rot, reducing the ornamental value (such as longevity, color, and texture) of flowers, ultimately making them unsalable. The objective of this study was to identify effective conventional fungicides and biorational products for botrytis blight management on bigleaf hydrangea cut flowers that can be easily and readily adopted by growers of ornamentals. Preventive preharvest whole-plant spray and postharvest dip treatment applications were used in this study. For the whole-plant spray applications, bigleaf hydrangea plants were sprayed with treatment solution 3 days before harvesting flowers. For the dip applications, cut flowers were dipped in treatment solutions after harvest. For both application types, flowers were inoculated with B. cinerea spores once treatment solutions dried. Flowers were stored in cold storage for 3 days and then displayed in conditions similar to retail stores. Botrytis blight disease severity, marketability of flower (postharvest vase life), phytotoxicity, and application residue were assessed in the study. Treatments showed variable efficacy in managing postharvest B. cinerea infection in bigleaf hydrangea cut flowers. Preventive preharvest whole-plant spray and postharvest dip applications of isofetamid and fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin significantly reduced the postharvest botrytis blight disease severity and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) compared with the positive control (nontreated, inoculated with B. cinerea). When applied as a postharvest dip, the fungicide fludioxonil and biofungicide Aureobasidium pullulans strains DSM 14940 and DSM 14941 effectively lowered the disease severity and disease progress (AUDPC). These effective treatments also maintained a significantly longer postharvest vase life of bigleaf hydrangea cut flowers compared with the nontreated, inoculated control. The longer vase life may be attributed to lowered botrytis blight disease severity and the resultant proper physiological functioning of flowers.
Fall-bearing Year Herbicides and Spring-nonbearing Year Foramsulfuron Applications for Hair Fescue Management in Lowbush Blueberry
Authors: White Scott Neil , Zhang Linshan
Published: October 2020

Hair fescue (Festuca filiformis) is a tuft-forming perennial grass that reduces yields in lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) fields. Nonbearing year foramsulfuron applications suppress hair fescue, but there is interest in increasing suppression through foramsulfuron use in conjunction with fall-applied herbicides. The objective of this research was to determine the main and interactive effects of fall-bearing year herbicide applications and spring-nonbearing year foramsulfuron applications on hair fescue. The experiment was a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement of fall-bearing year herbicide (none, terbacil, pronamide, glufosinate, dichlobenil) and spring-nonbearing year foramsulfuron application (0, 35 g·ha−1) arranged in a randomized complete block design at lowbush blueberry fields in Portapique and Stewiacke, Nova Scotia, Canada. Spring-nonbearing year foramsulfuron applications did not reduce total tuft density or consistently reduce flowering tuft density, flowering tuft inflorescence number, or flowering tuft seed production. Fall-bearing year pronamide applications reduced hair fescue density for the 2-year production cycle, although additional bearing year density reductions occurred when pronamide was followed by spring-nonbearing year foramsulfuron applications at Stewiacke. Fall-bearing year dichlobenil applications reduced total and flowering tuft density at each site, although reductions in flowering tuft inflorescence number and seed production were most consistent when followed by spring-nonbearing year foramsulfuron applications at Stewiacke. Suppression extended into the bearing year at each site, and dichlobenil should be examined further for hair fescue control. Fall-bearing year glufosinate applications reduced hair fescue total tuft density at each site and flowering tuft density and flowering tuft seed production at Stewiacke. Fall-bearing year glufosinate applications followed by spring-nonbearing year foramsulfuron applications also reduced nonbearing year flowering tuft inflorescence number and bearing year hair fescue seedling density at Stewiacke, indicating that this treatment may reduce hair fescue seedling recruitment at some sites. Fall-bearing year terbacil applications did not suppress hair fescue and are not recommended for hair fescue management in lowbush blueberry.
VILLOUS LYMPHOCYTES IN BLOOD AND BONE MARROW IN SOME FORMS OF B-CELL LYMPHOID MALIGNANCIES
Authors: Polishchuk Alyona , Zavelevich Michael , Gluzman Daniil
Published: October 2020

The cytological and immunocytochemical features of the lymphocytes with villous morphology in peripheral blood and bone marrow in some B-lymphoproliferative disorders were studied. The diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia, a hairy cell leukemia variant, splenic marginal zone lymphoma and splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma was ascertained in accordance with the new revision of the WHO classification (2016). The neoplastic cells of hairy cell leukemia were determined by the presence of high tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity. Cell surface expression of CD19, CD20 and CD21 antigens was detected. Also, the expression of CD25, CD103 and CD200, and in some cases cyclin D1, was found out. CD5, CD10 and CD23 were not detected. The immunophenotype of cells in splenic marginal zone lymphoma with villous processes also corresponded to the mature B cells. The expression of CD19, CD20 and CD21 was observed in all cases, CD11c – in 50% of patients, CD25 or CD5 – in 10% of patients. In 80% of patients, the pathologic cells did not show TRAP activity. In the bone marrow and peripheral blood cells of patients with diffuse red pulp lymphoma, TRAP activity was not detected. An immunophenotype in the hairy cell leukemia variant was different from those of classic HCL (CD19+CD20+CD22+CD103+CD11c+CD5–CD10–CD23–). Characterized immunophenotypical markers, which have differential diagnostic values in several forms of lymphoid tumors of B cell origin, will be important for the choice of treatment methods and prognosis
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY AND SAFETY OF BERRY SAUCE WITH IODINE-CONTAINING ADDITIVE
Authors: Deynichenko Gregoriy , Lystopad Tamara , Novik Anna , Chernushenko Line , Farisieiev Andrii , Matsuk Yuliiа , Kolisnychenko Tatiana
Published: October 2020

One of the acute problems of our time is iodine deficiency in human nutrition, which is typical for both countries with economies in transition and economically developed ones. Today, about a third of the world's population live in conditions of natural iodine deficiency. The most common solution to iodine deficiency is salt iodization, but this can lead to excessive iodine intake. In addition, it is much healthier to eat organic iodine, which is found in large quantities in brown algae. It is the development of new types of food products using brown algae as a biologically active additive that is a new promising direction for solving the problem of insufficient iodine consumption. Taking into account the relevance of solving the problem of iodine deficiency and the constantly growing demand for fruit and berry sauces, the technology of berry sauces based on blueberries, cranberries, dogwood, sea buckthorn and viburnum with the addition of brown algae has been developed. However, the mass introduction into production and consumption of the developed sauces will make a significant contribution to solving the global problem of insufficient consumption of organic iodine, requires research to establish their compliance with the typical quality and safety indicators for these products. The physicochemical indicators of the developed berry sauces were investigated, confirming the high quality in terms of the content of soluble solids – 25.0 ... 28.5%, the mass fraction of titratable acids – 1.9%, and indicate the complete absence of mineral, vegetable and foreign substances in the product. It was found that the developed sauces with iodine-containing algal additive have high microbiological quality indicators when stored for up to 14 days, even without adding preservatives. The complete safety of the developed berry sauces was established in terms of the content of toxic elements, as well as the absence of genetically modified organisms in the finished product
A Simple PCR Assay for Discrimination of Dengue Vectors from Nsukka LGA, Nigeria
Authors: Watentena Amos , Okoye Ikem Chris , Onah Ikechukwu Eugene , Ogbonnaya Onwude Cosmas , Ogudu Emmanuel
Published: October 2020

Mosquitoes of Aedes species are vectors of several arboviral diseases which continue to be a major public health problem in Nigeria. This study among other things, morphologically identified Aedes mosquitoes collected from Nsukka LGA and used an allele specific PCR amplification for discrimination of dengue vectors. Larval sampling, BG-sentinel traps and modified human landing catches were used for mosquito sampling in two selected autonomous communities of Nsukka LGA (Nsukka and Obimo). A total of 124 Aedes mosquitoes consisting of five (5) different species were collected from April to June, 2019 in a cross-sectional study that covered 126 households, under 76 distinct geographical coordinates. Larvae was mainly collected from plastic containers 73% (n=224), metallic containers 14% (n=43), earthen pots 9% (n=29) and used car tyres 3% (n=9), reared to adult stage 69.35% (n=86), and all mosquitoes were identified using standard morphological keys. Five (5) Aedes mosquito species were captured; Aedes aegypti 83(66.94%), Aedes albopictus 33(26.61%), Aedes simpsoni (4.48%), Aedes luteocephalus (≤1%) and Aedes vittatus (≤1%). Nsukka autonomous community had higher species diversity than Obimo. Allele specific amplification confirmed dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species on a 2% agarose gel. Since the most recent re-emergence of arboviral diseases is closely associated with Aedes species, findings of this study therefore, give further evidence about the presence of potential arboviral vectors in Nigeria and describe the role of a simple PCR in discriminating some. Further entomological studies should integrate PCR assays in mosquito vector surveillance.
Mixed Mullerian Tumor Primitive of Peritoneum: Report of a Case
Authors: Erra Stefania , Mastro Simone Lo , Nano Ennio
Published: October 2020

Carcinosarcoma is a rare and aggressive cancer that usually affects women in post menopausae; it represents 3% of all uterine neoplasms. Carcinosarcoma is a biphasic tumor characterized by a double component: a carcinomatous and a sarcomatous one, in variable amount of percentage from case to case. In the present article, a very rare case of primitive peritoneal carcinosarcoma is described in an 86-year-old woman, with senile atrophy of the uterus.
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Refleks Tabanlı Motor ve Gelişimsel Problemler: Fear Paralysis ve Moro
Authors: AKBUĞA Ekrem , ELİÖZ Murat
Published: October 2020

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) birçok gelişim alanında kendisine özgü sorunlara sahip nörogelişimsel bir bozukluktur. OSB’de refleks ve motor gelişim ile duyusal işlevsellik üzerine çeşitli araştırmalar mevcuttur ancak Fear Paralysis Refleks (FPR) ve Moro refleks ile ilişkilendirilmiş çalışmalar sınırlıdır. FPR ve Moro, refleks harmonisinin ilk gelişen refleksleri ve kendilerinden sonraki reflekslere temel geçit olmaları açısından önemlidirler. İki refleksin işleyiş sürecindeki sorunlar motor gelişim başta olmak üzere bütün gelişim alanlarında bozulmalara neden olabilmektedir. Ayrıca OSB, dispraksi, epilepsi, alerjiler, serebral palsi, disleksi gibi sorunlara yol açabilmekte veya eşlik edebilmektedirler. Bu reflekslerdeki işlevsel bozulmalar sonucunda duyusal entegrasyon ve motor gelişim başta olmak üzere OSB ilişkili birçok problemin oluştuğu görülmektedir. Moro refleksindeki bozulmalar bazı testlerle tespit edilebilir ve Moro entegrasyonunu sağlayan egzersiz/tekniklerle ilgili sorunların çözümüne katkı sağlanabilir. Sonuç olarak FPR ve Moro reflekslerindeki sorunların OSB problemleriyle eşleşmesi OSB’yi daha erken dönemlerde tanılamak ve müdahale etmek için öncelikle bu reflekslerin gelişimlerinin takip edilmesini önemli kılabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.
Budaya Menghafal Al-Qur’ān: Studi Living Qur’ān Masyarakat Benda Brebes Jawa Tengah
Authors: Irfan Agus
Published: October 2020

One of the phenomena of “Living Qur’ān” found in Benda, Central Java is the tradition of memorizing the Qur’ān. This paper presents an elaboration of the question “how the contextualization step for the taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān education as a solution for taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān exist in Benda Bumiayu Brebes? As formulated in three Sub Question: 1. How the taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān culture for Benda society can be construct as long time exist? 2. What factors that supported the taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān culture exist ? 3. What factors that reduced the taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān culture exist?

This research is a descriptive qualitative nature, employing historical and sosiological approaches. The qualitative data are obtained through observation, interview and documentation. The data collected are then selected and arranged in a sequence with argumentative presentation.

The result of this research reveal that Benda village is good known by Dā al- Qur’ān, because he has more than 7 (seven) Islamic Boarding School for memorizing Qur’ān. This village used to create memorizing Qur’ān culture for the society and arround him. This culture is effected by KH. Khalīl Ibn Maḥallī dan KH. Suḥaimi Ibn Abdul Ghānī, and in the second generation he has great memorizing culture. But in the third generation he gets bad value that less. As  observation data, a writter has seen some fundamen factors which influence reducing the taḥfiẓ al-Qur’ān culture in that village. So that needed the contextualization of taḥfīẓ al- Qur’ān education that switable with modernity.
PENGARUH PEMAHAMAN BIMBINGAN KONSELING TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR PAI SMK PONTREN DARUSSALAM DEMAK
Authors: Slamet Riadi Riadi Slam
Published: October 2020

Penelitian tentang Pengaruh Pemahaman Bimbingan Konseling Terhadap Prestasi Belajar PAI SMK Pontren Darussalam Demak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemahaman bimbingan konseling, untuk mengetahui prestasi belajar PAI, dan untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh pemahaman bimbingan konseling terhadap prestasi belajar PAI SMK Pontren Darussalam Demak.

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif korelasional dengan menggunkan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dengan pengambilan sampel metode random sampling dan teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus regresi dengan diakhiri menggunakan uji keberartian regresi.
Hasil dari penelitian pengaruh pemahaman bimbingan konseling terhadap prestasi belajar PAI SMK Pontren Darussalam Demak Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 ini yaitu kontribusi atau sumbangan pengaruh sebesar 31,4 %, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 68,6 % dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Kesimpulan penelitian ini mengatakan bahwa ada pengaruh dan signifikan antara pemahaman bimbingan konseling terhadap prestasi belajar PAI.
PENGARUH INTENSITAS MEMBACA DZIKIR ASMAUL HUSNA DAN SHALAT DHUHUR BERJAMAAH TERHADAP KONTROL DIRI SISWA MA DI KOTA PEKALONGAN
Authors: Bhakti Wirayudha Pramana
Published: October 2020

AbstrakArtikel ini menjelaskan hasil penelitian tentang ada tidaknya pengaruh intensitas membaca dzikir Asmaul Husna dan shalat Dhuhur Berjamaah Siswa terhadap tingkat kontrol diri siswa MA di Kota Pekalongan. Pengujian  hipotesis penelitian ini menggunakan  analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS 16. Hipotesis penelitiannya pertama, yaitu ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara Intensitas membaca dzikir Asmaul Husna terhadap kontrol diri siswa. Kedua, ada pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara kebiasaan melakukan shalat dhuhur berjamaah terhadap kontrol diri siswa. Metode penelitian berupa metode penelitian kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil  pengujian hipotesis nol (H0)  pertama diterima. Nilai signifikansi t untuk variabel kebiasaan membaca asmaul husna adalah 0,056 dan nilai tersebut lebih kecil dari probabilitas α yang ditetapkan yaitu  0,495 (0,4950,05).  Pengujian menunjukkan H0 diterima dan Ha ditolak. Nilai signifikansi t untuk  variabel  melakukan shalat zuhur berjamaah   adalah  0,119 dan nilai  tersebut  lebih  besar  dari  probabilitas α  yang  ditetapkan  yaitu  0,05 ( 0,095 0,05).  Pengujian  menunjukkan  H0  diterima  dan Ha ditolak. Berdasarkan hasil uji  regeresi  linear  berganda  secara  parsial, dapat  disimpulkan  bahwa  intensitas kebiasaan membaca asmaul husna dan sholat dhuhur berjamaah berpengaruh  positif dan signifikan  terhadap  kontrol diri siswa.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN DALAM JARINGAN DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SD NEGERI KEMLOKO TEMANGGUNG
Authors: Ibda Hamidulloh , Sari Nadia Rena
Published: October 2020

The impact of covid-19 requires several local governments to decide on implementing policies to dismiss students and implement online or online learning systems. This government policy has been effectively enforced in several provinces in Indonesia since March 2020. However, this does not apply to several schools in Temanggung Regency. The learning system in a network is a learning system without face to face directly between teachers and students but is carried out online using the internet network. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of online learning activities at SD Kemloko Temanggung during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses qualitative methods and uses interview and observation data collection techniques. The results showed a lack of effectiveness during home learning. Students cannot interact directly with teachers and friends, students do assignments and watch television accompanied by their parents and students have difficulty receiving understanding of the material.
Visualization of Educational Information as a Means of Enhancing the Cognitive Activity in Students
Authors: Ryabokony Elena , Krecan Zoya , Shmakova Ludmila
Published: October 2020

The article deals with information visualization techniques aimed at effective development of cognitive processes as parts of students' cognitive activity. The research featured the means of visualization of educational information that encourage the cognitive activity in students. The research objective was to identify, justify, and test the possibilities of using visualization tools for educational information. The cognitive activity is represented as a set of cognitive acts, namely explanation, understanding, and reflection. The authors believe that the process of interaction between participants in educational relations needs to be improved. The article focuses on the organization of the informational approach to training. It describes the stages of work with educational information: search for new material, its perception, processing, and application. The visualization technologies include mind maps and denotational graphs. Visualization technologies provide positive changes in students’ cognitive activity and develop cognitive motivation.
WASH and Gender: a critical review of the literature and implications for gender-transformative WASH research
Authors: MacArthur Jess , Carrard Naomi , Willetts Juliet
Published: October 2020

The connections between gender and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are profound, and the sector is beginning to explore the integration of gender-transformative principles into WASH programming and research. Gender-transformative approaches challenge inequalities and move beyond an instrumentalist approach to gender in development interventions. Through a critical review of academic empirical studies, this paper explores the last decade of WASH-gender literature (2008–2018). Trends were visualised using an alluvial diagram. The reviewed literature was underpinned by a diversity of disciplines, yet was dominated by women-focused, water-focused studies. Although the studies addressed many important gender considerations, few studies engaged with transformational aspects of gender equality. The majority of the studies were based in rural sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, indicating opportunity to explore contextual dynamics in other areas of the global south. Lastly, the studies primarily focus on women of productive age; only a few studies touched on gender dynamics relevant for a diversity of women, and men and boys were mostly absent. Insights from this analysis can inform future studies at the intersection of WASH and gender. Researchers and practitioners are encouraged to include a diversity of voices, reflect on the strengths and limitations of research disciplines, and incorporate gender-transformative concepts.
Automatic calibration of the groundwater simulation model with high parameter dimensionality using sequential uncertainty fitting approach
Authors: Masoumi Fariborz , Najjar-Ghabel Saeid , Safarzadeh Akbar , Sadaghat Behnam
Published: October 2020

Calibration of the groundwater simulation model is one of the main challenges in the modeling process. In addition, hydrogeological complexities and the lack of field data in terms of time and space lead to uncertainty in the model. Therefore, the present study linked the groundwater simulation model (MODFLOW) and sequential uncertainty fitting approach (SUFI-2) to the uncertainty-based automatic calibration of the Ardabil groundwater model located in northwestern Iran. Hydraulic conductivity, specific yield, recharge rate, the hydraulic conductivity of the riverbed material, and the boundary conductance of the aquifer were considered as the uncertain parameters. Furthermore, the Newton solution method for the unconfined aquifer was used for solving the groundwater flow equation. A Normalized Total Uncertainty Index was defined to evaluate the performance of the SUFI-2 algorithm. According to the MODFLOW-SUFI-2 calibration findings, 60% of observational data was bracketed by a 95% confidence interval, on average. The Ardabil groundwater model was also calibrated with the PSO algorithm. In comparison with SUFI-2, although this method resulted in good coverage of the solution, it obtained irrational values for most parameters since they only aimed to match observational and computational values. Eventually, SUFI-2 showed a small number of simulation runs compared with the PSO algorithm.
Waste water reuse in France – social perception of an unfamiliar practice
Authors: Garin Patrice , Montginoul Marielle , Noury Benjamin
Published: October 2020

This article presents the results of a local survey conducted in a French wine-growing region where the public authorities were considering irrigating fields and green spaces with treated wastewater. Interviews were conducted face-to-face with 845 potential consumers close to their purchasing place. The majority were in favour of such a project and willing to use recreation areas and purchase local farm products irrigated with treated wastewater. However, we demonstrated the paucity of lay knowledge about treated wastewater. Simple information flyers have a significant effect on attitudes and intended behaviours. Nevertheless 20% of informed respondents said they would no longer buy such irrigated products. Given the lack of confidence in the public authorities' guarantee of food quality, they will be unlikely to change their minds. These unacceptable results to farmers may interest public authorities promoting these projects, still rare in France, in response to the increase in droughts.
Recovery of ammonia nitrogen from landfill leachate using a biopolar membrane equipped electrodialysis system
Authors: Zhang Cunkuan , Ding Wenchuan , Zeng Xiaolan , Xu Xiaotang
Published: October 2020

In this paper, a laboratory-scale electrodialysis reactor with five compartment cells separated by a bipolar membrane and ion exchange membrane was assembled to remove ammonia nitrogen from landfill leachate as a pretreatment process. The effects of humic acid, magnesium ions (Mg2+) and calcium ions (Ca2+) existing in leachate on the removal efficiency of ammonium () were investigated by using simulated wastewater. The results indicate that humic acid has little impact on ammonium in the presence of an electric field. High concentrations of Mg2+ and Ca2+ in solution have a substantial impact on the removal efficiency of ammonium, but the average migration rate of the three ions is > Mg2+ > Ca2+ under the same current intensity, and plays a major role in electromigration for mixture electrodialysis. Therefore, ammonia nitrogen can be separated from leachate and accumulated effectively. Meanwhile, the bipolar membrane near the cathode produces alkali that is released into the base cell to promote ammonia nitrogen transformation from accumulated ammonium, which creates in-site alkaline condition for ammonia nitrogen recovery by a further stripping process. When the actual leachate collected from a local municipal sanitary landfill was employed, the reactor reached 86.17% of ammonia nitrogen removal after 3.0 h reaction. Analysis of membrane scale suggests the inhibitory effect of Mg2+ on Ca2+ migration during the initial working period of the reaction can potentially slow down the membrane scaling of the cation exchange membrane. This study provides a promising technology for the removal and recovery of ammonia nitrogen from landfill leachate.
A new approach in adsorption modeling using random forest regression, Bayesian multiple linear regression, and multiple linear regression: 2,4-D adsorption by a green adsorbent
Authors: Beigzadeh Bahareh , Bahrami Mehdi , Amiri Mohammad Javad , Mahmoudi Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2020

The mathematical model's usage in water quality prediction has received more interest recently. In this research, the potential of random forest regression (RFR), Bayesian multiple linear regression (BMLR), and multiple linear regression (MLR) were examined to predict the amount of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) elimination by rice husk biochar from synthetic wastewater, using five input operating parameters including initial 2,4-D concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, reaction time, and temperature. The equilibrium and kinetic adsorption data were fitted best to the Freundlich and pseudo-first-order models. The thermodynamic parameters also indicated the exothermic and spontaneous nature of adsorption. The modeling results indicated an R2 of 0.994, 0.992, and 0.945 and RMSE of 1.92, 6.17, and 2.10 for the relationship between the model-estimated and measured values of 2,4-D removal for RFR, BMLR, and MLR, respectively. Overall performances indicated more proficiency of RFR than the BMLR and MLR models due to its capability in capturing the non-linear relationships between input data and their associated removal capacities. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the 2,4-D adsorption process is more sensitive to initial 2,4-D concentration and adsorbent dosage. Thus, it is possible to permanently monitor waters more cost-effectively with the suggested model application.
Experimental investigation of hydraulic characteristics and energy dissipation in a baffle-drop shaft
Authors: Yang Qinghua , Yang Qian
Published: October 2020

The baffle-drop shaft structure is usually applied in deep tunnel drainage systems to transfer shallow storm water to underground tunnels. At present, the definition of the maximum operational capacity of baffle-drop shafts is lack of scientific and reasonable analysis, and the researches on hydraulic and energy dissipation characteristics have been insufficient. In this paper, a 1:25 scale hydraulic model test was conducted to observe the flow phenomena during the discharge process, analyze the relationship between the maximum inflow discharge and the baffle parameters, and calculate the energy dissipation rate of the shaft under different ﬂow conditions. The results demonstrated that three kinds of flow regimes were presented in the discharge process: wall-impact confined flow, critical flow, and free-drop flow. The impact wave majorly brought about the energy dissipation of water on the baffle. The impingement and breakup of the inflow at the bottom of the drop shaft, as well as the reverse flow, resulted in the final energy loss. The time-averaged pressure value of the upper baffle was 1.5–3 times that of the central and lower baffles. The baffle with a design angle could effectively reduce the time-averaged pressure of the water flow acting on the baffle. The energy dissipation rate of the drop shaft decreased with the increase in the inflow discharge, and the energy dissipation rate was found to range from about 63.14% to 96.40%. The optimal size of the baffle-drop shaft with the maximum energy dissipation rate was d/B = 0.485 and θ = 10° (d, B, and θ are the baffle spacing, width, and angle, respectively).
DECISÕES PROGRESSISTAS E BACKLASH
Authors: Da Costa Nunes dos Santos Yago , Santos Dias Isabela , Barreiros Neto Jaime
Published: October 2020

Tendo em vista que o backlash consiste em um plexo de esforços político-jurídicos, envidados por setores que se opõem às decisões contrárias aos seus interesses, usualmente conservadores, o presente artigo se propõe a analisar a reação política e social às decisões da Corte Constitucional colombiana e do Supremo Tribunal Federal brasileiro, que juridicamente reconheceram a união homoafetiva. Nesse sentido, concluiu-se que, tanto no Brasil quanto na Colômbia, as forças conservadoras se opuseram ao pronunciamento das Cortes, obstaculizando o reconhecimento de novos direitos em prol dos indivíduos e dos grupos LGBTI, conquanto não tenham conseguido êxitos legislativos aptos a alterar os precedentes vinculantes.
A Mobile Patient-Facing App for Tracking Patient-Reported Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors: Single-Arm Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Teckie Sewit , Solomon Jeffrey , Kadapa Karthik , Sanchez Keisy , Orner David , Kraus Dennis , Kamdar Dev P , Pereira Lucio , Frank Douglas , Diefenbach Michael
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) frequently experience disease-related symptoms and treatment adverse effects that impact their overall quality of life. Cancer-specific mobile health apps for patient-related outcomes allow patients to communicate with their clinicians and proactively track their symptoms, which have been shown to improve clinical management and disease outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of LogPAL, a novel iPhone-based mobile health app designed to help HNC survivors track and manage their posttreatment symptoms.

METHODS

Patients who completed curative treatment for HNC in the preceding 24 months were recruited from 2 clinical sites within a single institution. Upon enrollment, participants completed a brief sociodemographic survey, downloaded the app onto their iPhone devices, and were asked to complete a series of biweekly questionnaires (based on the Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) via the app for an 8-week study period. The primary feasibility endpoints included retention (retaining >80% of the enrolled participants for the duration of the study period), adherence (>50% of the participants completing 100% of the questionnaires over the study period), and usability (a mean system usability scale [SUS] score >68). Additional postintervention questions were collected to assess perceived usefulness, acceptance, and overall satisfaction.

RESULTS

Between January and October 2019, 38 participants were enrolled in the study. Three participants dropped out, and 3 were classified as nonusers. The remaining 32 (87%) were eligible for analysis. Their mean age was 57.8 (SD 12.3) years (range 24-77 years, 81% [26/32] male). Overall, 375 of 512 (73.2%) questionnaires were completed, with 17 (53%) of the 32 participants adherent. Participant-reported usability was acceptable; the mean SUS score was 71.9 (95% CI 64.3-79.5) with high satisfaction of LogPAL usefulness and likelihood to recommend to other cancer survivors.

CONCLUSIONS

This single-arm prospective pilot study showed that LogPAL is a feasible, regularly used, accepted app for HNC survivors, justifying a full-scale pilot. Based on the findings from this study, future iterations will aim to improve usability and test intervention efficacy.
Acceptance of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Among Japan’s Doctors and the Public: A Questionnaire Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Tamori Honoka , Yamashina Hiroko , Mukai Masami , Morii Yasuhiro , Suzuki Teppei , Ogasawara Katsuhiko
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical industry promises many benefits, so AI has been introduced to medical practice primarily in developed countries. In Japan, the government is preparing for the rollout of AI in the medical industry. This rollout depends on doctors and the public accepting the technology. Therefore it is necessary to consider acceptance among doctors and among the public. However, little is known about the acceptance of AI in medicine in Japan.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to obtain detailed data on the acceptance of AI in medicine by comparing the acceptance among Japanese doctors with that among the Japanese public.

METHODS

We conducted an online survey, and the responses of doctors and members of the public were compared. AI in medicine was defined as the use of AI to determine diagnosis and treatment without requiring a doctor. A questionnaire was prepared referred to as the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, a model of behavior toward new technologies. It comprises 20 items, and each item was rated on a five-point scale. Using this questionnaire, we conducted an online survey in 2018 among 399 doctors and 600 members of the public. The sample-wide responses were analyzed, and then the responses of the doctors were compared with those of the public using t tests.

RESULTS

Regarding the sample-wide responses (N=999), 653 (65.4%) of the respondents believed, in the future, AI in medicine would be necessary, whereas only 447 (44.7%) expressed an intention to use AI-driven medicine. Additionally, 730 (73.1%) believed that regulatory legislation was necessary, and 734 (73.5%) were concerned about where accountability lies. Regarding the comparison between doctors and the public, doctors (mean 3.43, SD 1.00) were more likely than members of the public (mean 3.23, SD 0.92) to express intention to use AI-driven medicine (P<.001), suggesting that optimism about AI in medicine is greater among doctors compared to the public.

CONCLUSIONS

Many of the respondents were optimistic about the role of AI in medicine. However, when asked whether they would like to use AI-driven medicine, they tended to give a negative response. This trend suggests that concerns about the lack of regulation and about accountability hindered acceptance. Additionally, the results revealed that doctors were more enthusiastic than members of the public regarding AI-driven medicine. For the successful implementation of AI in medicine, it would be necessary to inform the public and doctors about the relevant laws and to take measures to remove their concerns about them.
Public Perspectives on Anti-Diabetic Drugs: Exploratory Analysis of Twitter Posts (Preprint)
Authors: Golder Su , Bach Millie , O'Connor Karen , Gross Robert , Hennessy Sean , Gonzalez Hernandez Graciela
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Diabetes mellitus is a major global public health issue where self-management is critical to reducing disease burden. Social media has been a powerful tool to understand public perceptions. Public perception of the drugs used for the treatment of diabetes may be useful for orienting interventions to increase adherence.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore the public perceptions of anti-diabetic drugs through the analysis of health-related tweets mentioning such medications.

METHODS

This study uses an infoveillance social listening approach to monitor public discourse using Twitter data. We coded 4000 tweets from January 1, 2019 to October 1, 2019 containing key terms related to anti-diabetic drugs by using qualitative content analysis. Tweets were coded for whether they were truly about an anti-diabetic drug and whether they were health-related. Health-related tweets were further coded based on who was tweeting, which anti-diabetic drug was being tweeted about, and the content discussed in the tweet. The main outcome of the analysis was the themes identified by analyzing the content of health-related tweets on anti-diabetic drugs.

RESULTS

We identified 1664 health-related tweets on 33 anti-diabetic drugs. A quarter (415/1664) of the tweets were confirmed to have been from people with diabetes, 17.9% (298/1664) from people posting about someone else, and 2.7% (45/1664) from health care professionals. However, the role of the tweeter was unidentifiable in two-thirds of the tweets. We identified 13 themes, with the health consequences of the cost of anti-diabetic drugs being the most extensively discussed, followed by the efficacy and availability. We also identified issues that patients may conceal from health care professionals, such as purchasing medications from unofficial sources.

CONCLUSIONS

This study uses an infoveillance approach using Twitter data to explore public perceptions related to anti-diabetic drugs. This analysis gives an insight into the real-life issues that an individual faces when taking anti-diabetic drugs, and such findings may be incorporated into health policies to improve compliance and efficacy. This study suggests that there is a fear of not having access to anti-diabetic drugs due to cost or physical availability and highlights the impact of the sacrifices made to access anti-diabetic drugs. Along with screening for diabetes-related health issues, health care professionals should also ask their patients about any non–health-related concerns regarding their anti-diabetic drugs. The positive tweets about dietary changes indicate that people with type 2 diabetes may be more open to self-management than what the health care professionals believe.
Evaluation of medical care for Diabetic and Hypertensive patients in primary care in Mexico: Observational retrospective study (Preprint)
Authors: Lara-Esqueda Agustin , Zaizar-Fregoso Sergio A , Madrigal-Perez Violeta M , Ramirez-Flores Mario , Montes-Galindo Daniel A , Martinez-Fierro Margarita L , Rodriguez-Sanchez Iram P , Guzman-Esquivel José , Meza-Robles Carmen , Ceja-Espiritu Gabriel , Kuri-Morales Pablo A , Delgado-Enciso Josuel , Barriguete-Melendez J Armando , Barajas-Saucedo Calos E , Guillermo-Espinosa Elvin , Lara-Basulto Agustin D , Gonzalez-Roldan Jesus F , Gonzalez-Roldan Jesus F , Delgado-Enciso Ivan
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Diabetes Mellitus is a worldwide health problem and the leading cause of premature death with increasing prevalence over time. Usually, along with it, Hypertension presents and acts as another risk factor that increases mortality risk. Both diseases impact the country's health while also producing an economic burden for society, causing billions of dollars to be invested in their management.

OBJECTIVE

The present study evaluated the quality of medical care for patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HBP), and both pathologies (DM+HBP) within a public health system in Mexico, according to the official Mexican standard for each pathology.

METHODS

45,498 patients were included from 2012 to 2015. All information was taken from the electronic medical records database, exported as anonymized data for research purposes. Each patient record was compared against the standard to test the quality of medical care.

RESULTS

Glycemia with hypertension goals reached 29.6% in DM+HBP, 48.6% in DM, and 53.2% in HBP. The goals of serum lipids were reached by 3% in DM+HBP, 5% in DM, and 0.2% in HBP. Glycemia, hypertension, and LDL cholesterol reached 0.04%. 15% of patients had an undiagnosed disease of diabetes or hypertension. Clinical follow-up examinations reached 20% for foot examination and clinical eye examination in the whole population. Specialty referral reached 1% in angiology or cardiology in the whole population.

CONCLUSIONS

Goals for glycemic and hypertension reached 50% in the overall population, while serum lipids, clinical follow-up examinations, and referral to a specialist were deficient. Patients who had both diseases had more consultations, better control for hypertension and lipids, but inferior glycemic control. Overall, quality care for DM and/or HBP has not been met according to the standards. While patients with DM and HBP do not have a current standard to evaluate their own needs.
THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF POTENTIAL DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS AND THEIR TARGETS FOR MINIMIZATION AMONG HYPERTENSIVE DIABETIC OUTPATIENTS AT A KENYAN REFERRAL HOSPITAL
Authors: LATI MAKITE SIMON , DAVID NYAMU GITONGA , KINUTHIA ROSALINE NJOKI
Published: October 2020

Objective: To characterize the clinical significance of potential drug interactions and identify the targets for their minimization among adult diabetic hypertensive outpatients at Kenyatta National Hospital.

Methods: This cross-sectional study collected and analyzed data from 104 diabetic hypertensive outpatients (aged ≥18 y) at the Department of Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic of Kenyatta National Hospital from 1st May 2019 to 31st August 2019. The main outcome measure was the clinical significance of potential drug interactions and the targets for minimization. Participants’ sociodemographic data, drugs prescribed and targets for prevention of potential drug-drug interactions were extracted from patient medical records into predesigned data collection forms. Potential drug interactions were identified using the Micromedex® drug interaction checker. Data was exported to STATA® software version 13 for analysis.

Results: The study comprised predominantly females (70.2%) and the mean age was 61.6 (±10.8) years. Over 80% of patients were receiving renin inhibitors or metformin and the commonest potential drug interaction (25.0%) was antidiabetics-beta blockers. The most common potential clinical outcome of the drug-drug interaction was hyperkalemic lactic acidosis (14.4%), induced by combining enalapril with metformin, and hypoglycemia (9.6%) on concomitant use of antidiabetic and beta-blocker. Adverse clinical outcomes were mainly minimized through regular blood sugar checks (100%), blood pressure monitoring (98.1%), and minimal HbA1c (30.8%) checks as well as serum urea and electrolytes (17.3%) measurements.

Conclusion: There are potential adverse outcomes of combination pharmacologic therapies among diabetic hypertensive patients in Kenyatta National Hospital. Apart from the clinical monitoring, clinicians should be aware that diabetic hypertensive patients are likely to have serious adverse effects of drug interactions and, therefore, institute or intensify other measures such as arterial blood gases and serum electrolyte tests.
WOUND CARE BEHAVIOR AMONG THE POPULATION-A SURVEY
Authors: SANORIA SHIKHA , QADRIE ZULFKAR LATIEF , GAUTAM SURYA PRAKASH
Published: October 2020

Objective: Wound care behavior among the population.

Methods: An observational survey was conducted randomly among different college students and the general population of all age groups having different professions. Survey questionnaires were prepared on google form and responses were collected by online mode. The form was designed to know the self-medication behavior among the population.

Results: The total number of participants was 332. Out of which female participants were dominated 174(52.4%) and male participants were 158(47.59%). The survey revealed that 58.73% of participants took doctor’s advice, 33.73% took self-medication, 4.22% took healthcare worker advice and, 3.31% took any other advice for treatment.

Conclusion: The survey revealed that although most of the population took doctor’s advice for the treatment of wounds but yet there is a significant population (33.73%) who took self-medication for this treatment, which should be minimized by providing awareness among them. Most of the wounds were healed within 10 d. Most of the population took medication (analgesic, antibiotic) for treatment. The use of antibiotics by self-medication is a matter of concern nowadays. As a global threat is antibiotic resistance. These drugs should be prescribed under medical supervision.
The societal impact of obinutuzumab in the first-line treatment of patients with follicular lymphoma in Germany
Authors: Hofmann Sarah , Himmler Sebastian , Ostwald Dennis , Dünzinger Ulrich , Launonen Aino , Thuresson Per-Olof
Published: October 2020

In this study, we assessed the productivity gains associated with the use of obinutuzumab in combination with chemoimmunotherapy (G-chemo) in first-line treatment among follicular lymphoma patients. Health benefits, measured as an increase in progression-free survival, were translated into productivity gains in both paid and unpaid work using gross value added as productivity measure. From 2017 to 2030, 11,870 overall progression-free years can be gained by utilizing obinutuzumab. These progression-free years correspond to undiscounted productivity gains of about €187.9 million in paid work and about €535.9 million in unpaid work. Our study shows that the benefits of the use of obinutuzumab in the first-line treatment of follicular lymphoma extend beyond clinical advantages.
ПРОГНОЗНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ДОМИНИРУЮЩИХ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ОТКАЗОВ, ТИПОВЫХ И ПРЕДЕЛЬНЫХ УРОВНЕЙ РАДИАЦИОННОЙ СТОЙКОСТИ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНОЙ НАНОМЕТРОВОЙ КМОП ЭКБ МИКРОЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ
Authors: Никифоров А.Ю. , Телец В.А. , Бойченко Д.В. , Смолин А.А. , Уланова А.В. , Швецов-Шиловский И.И. , Сагоян А.В. , Елесин В.В.
Published: October 2020

Проведен анализ основных тенденций и особенностей проявления доминирующих радиационных эффектов в ЭКБ на основе КМОП-технологий при переходе к проектным нормам 28 нм и менее. Рассматривается роль новых материалов и геометрии транзистора при переходе к технологиям FDSOI и FinFET.