bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA LITERATURA SOBRE EL NARCOTRÁFICO: UN TABÚ PARA TODAS LAS EDADES
Authors: Salinas Álvarez Moisés
Published: January 2023

Este artículo hace un recuento sobre la historia del narcotráfico del siglo XX en Colombia, y cómo esta ha sido tomada como un tabú para la sociedad para evitar cierta emulación de conductas que podrían perjudicar a los ciudadanos. Para ello, se hará un análisis textual y discursivo de la forma de plasmar a estos referentes criminales, como ocurre con Pablo Escobar, los Extraditables y todos estos narcoterroristas. Además, es necesario recabar que muchas de las mujeres de ese contexto resultarían perjudicadas por los lazos que tienen que establecer con estas personas. Eso conllevará un tránsito de su rol tradicional hogareño por uno de más participación en la sociedad. En parte, los medios de comunicación y la internet serían los que habrían propiciado este fenómeno cultural, con autorización del Gobierno. Una muestra de todo ese panorama será demostrada en Noticia de un secuestro y en otras producciones literarias y televisivas.
PANORAMA CRÍTICO DE NOCHE OSCURA DEL CUERPO (1955), DEL POETA PERUANO JORGE EDUARDO EIELSON
Authors: Pantoja Torres Lenin Efraín
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo parte de la noción de campo retórico, el cual ha sido propuesto por Stefano Arduini (2000). Este facilitará que se realice una sistematización en torno al objeto de estudio de este artículo. Para esta ocasión, este procedimiento se efectuará sobre el poemario Noche oscura del cuerpo (1955) del peruano Jorge Eduardo Eielson. El objetivo de esta labor es demarcar aquellos referentes que permiten hacer una alusión más global en función de aquellos elementos coetáneos que se desarrollan paralelamente a la obra. Para ello, será de utilidad enfocarse en todo aquello que ha argumentado la crítica literaria al respecto, así como tener en cuenta algunas nociones importantes acerca del discurso de este autor.
LAS VERDADES DEL POETA
Authors: Julián Pérez Alberto
Published: January 2023

Yo digoHermanos poetasnavegantes de las tinieblas,portadores de las lámparas de fuegoque iluminarán el camino a los ángelescuando se cierre el cieloy venga la última noche,mis hermanos, mis padres,mis esclavos, mis maestros,mis muertos favoritos,todos nosotros hijos del mismo espíritucuyo nombre no sabemos realmentey le llamamos poesía.
ENTREVISTA A JOSÉ MANUEL SÁNCHEZ RON, VICEDIRECTOR DE LA REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA. BÚSQUEDA DE MÉTODOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE LA LITERATURA EN CONJUNCIÓN CON LA FÍSICA
Authors: Delgado Del Aguila Jesús Miguel
Published: January 2023

Esta entrevista realizada al vicedirector de la Real Academia Española, José Manuel Sánchez Ron, busca resolver las inquietudes que se formulan a partir de las posibilidades de hallar una conjunción metodológica entre la Literatura y la Física. Para ello, se toma en cuenta la organización especializada de la RAE, que se encarga de la difusión y la preservación del buen uso del lenguaje y la creación literaria. El discurso, junto con las personalidades que se dedican a desarrollarlo, cumplen también un rol importante para ello, ya que sirven como ejes para construir un lenguaje apropiado del castellano. Para terminar, este intercambio de conocimientos será de utilidad para desentrañar cómo se desenvuelve esta dicotomía de disciplinas en otros ámbitos, como el universitario.
Blanca Sol (1889): una crítica a la educación de la mujer en el Perú republicano de fines del siglo XIX
Authors: Navarrete Salazar Manuel Alfonso
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo confronta la novela Blanca Sol (1889), de la escritora Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera, con el propósito de establecer una crítica a la sociedad que se representa en ese contexto literario: el Perú a fines del siglo XIX. Para ello, se optará por un trabajo de crítica e interpretación que servirán para cuestionar y orientar la intención de este artículo. Asimismo, una de las hipótesis al respecto es que se efectúa una denuncia social que revela la ausencia de un proyecto educativo, sobre todo, al percibirse el desarrollo del tema de la igualdad de género y la respectiva posición social que asume tanto hombre como mujer. Todo este conjunto de ideas será complementado con los estudios que ya han realizado los críticos literarios especializados en la obra de Mercedes Cabello.
Feliz cumpleaños
Authors: Acevedo-Merlano Álvaro
Published: January 2023

Fuimos una promesaun sueño cargado de esperanzaun todo por cumplir.
Puerto alterno
Authors: Eugenia Ronderos Clara
Published: January 2023

Siempre quise vivir frente a un océanoenorme, salvaje, ilimitado.Me ha tocado en suerte un lagopequeño, calmo,espejo de árboles,de pájaros pasando.Las gaviotas rabiosas y tremendasse han quedado alláen esas orillasperdidas.
Lectura y Bibliotecas. Entrevista a César Augusto Castro Aliaga, Director de Achikyay, Centro de Investigaciones y Promoción de la Lectura
Authors: Quispe Farfán Gabriela A.
Published: January 2023

El nombre de César Augusto Castro Aliaga constituye una referencia imprescindible en diversos estudios bibliotecológicos, sobre todo cuando se habla de la labor de las bibliotecas públicas y el fomento de la lectura en el Perú. Cuenta con una larga trayectoria de más de 50 años, con una vasta experiencia en la labor bibliotecaria desde la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú hasta dirigir la Asociación Achikyay en Chupaca (Junín, Perú) donde promueve y desarrolla proyectos de investigación y de promoción de lectura. En esta entrevista, el Dr. César Castro nos habla sobre los inicios de Achikyay y su experiencia como bibliotecario promotor de la lectura, asimismo, da opiniones sobre la situación de la lectura en su región y de cómo Internet han influenciado en el hábito lector. Por ello, nos detalla cómo Achikyay ha desarrollado estrategias y acciones en la región Junín. Además, comenta la problemática de las bibliotecas públicas en el país y expresa la necesidad de integrar asignaturas sobre promoción de lectura como tema transversal de la malla curricular en las escuelas profesionales del ámbito bibliotecológico.
Anagogía y lo inefable en la poética de San Juan de la Cruz
Authors: Llosa Cantoni Ivan Eduardo
Published: January 2023

En el presente artículo analizaremos la poesía de San Juan de la Cruz en su obra, el Cántico Espiritual, como medio de expresión mística. El uso de la poesía como medio para comunicar lo que de otra forma no se puede dar a conocer. La poesía entra a tallar ahí donde el lenguaje profano no puede ni pretender deslumbrar. En ese sentido veremos, como la anagogía sirve como método creativo en su poesía: su poesía busca ser una escalera Dios.
Reasons for Engaging in Complementary and Alternative Medicine Among Highly Educated Women With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Storr Krogh Caroline , Skovgard Lasse , Lynning Marie , Steenberg Josephine Lyngh
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Previous research has shown that users of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) among persons with multiple sclerosis are more likely to be women and to have a higher level of education compared with nonusers. This qualitative study was performed to explore the motivations linked to CAM use among highly educated women with multiple sclerosis.

METHODS

The study was based on a phenomenological approach, and 8 semistructured, in-depth qualitative interviews were performed. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed through meaning condensation and identification of recurring themes.

RESULTS

Regarding the informants’ motivations for CAM use, 3 main themes emerged: (1) Self-reliance is essential in disease management, (2) conventional health care lacks a holistic approach, and (3) personal experience is the primary guide.

CONCLUSIONS

The interviewees wanted approaches to health care that supported their desire to actively participate in the management of their disease. They were critical of the conventional health care system, and they emphasized the importance of letting their own personal experiences, as well as those of others, guide their decisions.
Pandemic experimentalism: decentering studio art education in an ongoing global emergency
Authors: Doyle Judith , Jones Simone , Lopez Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

After eighteen months of online art education during the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors consider Form and Time, a required first-year studio art course at OCAD University in Toronto, as a case study within global practices of reconfiguration and experimentalism in art and design pedagogy during the crisis. Form and Time was scheduled to launch as a required first-year course on campus at OCADU in Fall 2020, but quarantine prompted the pivot to fully remote. Critiques of the traditional art school’s situated format were launched before COVID-19 by anti-ableist, Indigenous and feminist scholars, addressing access barriers and stressing resilience in the face of crisis and oppression. The pandemic disrupted the centrality of in-person studios and critique methods in post-secondary art education; this accelerated and took unexpected turns during the online pedagogical experiments of the early pandemic. In this context, Form and Time foreshadows new modes of art school studio delivery, decentering and critically intersecting with studio precedents suddenly disrupted by remote learning during COVID-19. Form and Time’s weekly asynchronous video lectures and online meetings probed themes of Space, Form and Time. Students posted weekly studio experiments on discussion boards, using materials close at hand. As with other art and design courses, everyday objects and materials provided a platform for discussing material conditions and encounters during the pandemic. Students depicted their unique surroundings using strategies of observation and walking. They accessed faculty-made online micro-workshops recorded by the various course instructors on home studio material techniques. These comprise a growing online archive shared by faculty teaching the multi-section course. Looking forward, we anticipate further crises. Greater interplay between online, blended and hands-on art studio education will prioritize flexibility that can better adapt to life pressures and emergencies, opening access for a diverse range of learners in decentered locations.
EFEKTI ČASA FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA NA FUNKCIONALNE SPOSOBNOSTI UČENIKA
Authors: Mekić Raid , Mavrić Adem , Čaprić Ilma , Zećirović Armin , Mekić Merisa
Published: January 2023

Mnogo je publikacija koje pokušavaju da objasne problem uticaja fizičkog vaspitanja na funkcionalne sposobnosti učenika. Cilj rada je utvrditi u kojoj meri fizičko vaspitanje ima uticaj na funkcionalne sposobnosti učenika. Metod je sačinjavalo prikupljanje relevantne literature u periodu od 2005-2007 godine, tabelarni prikaz i dalje analiziranje. Čas fizičkog vaspitanja ima pozitivne efekte kako na funkcionalne tako i motoričke i morfološke sposobnosti i to posebno u periodu puberteta kod učenika. U beskonačnom moru postojećih vrednosti koje određuju funkcinalnost, sposobnost i pripremljenost učenika, puls (srčana frekvenca), laktati, VO2 max i anaerobni prag su svakako krucijalni za pravilan rad, napredak i pre svega zdravlje učenika.
PROMENE NAVIKA U ISHRANI MLADIH TOKOM COVID- 19 PANDEMIJE U REPUBLICI SRPSKOJ
Authors: Gajić Tamara , Vukolić Dragan , Delić-Jović Mirjana , Antonić Tatjana
Published: January 2023

Pandemija korona virusa dovela je do prekida rada u različitim delovima sveta i samim tim, izazvala brojne promene u načinu života ljudi, uključujući društvene interakcije, mogućnost bavljenja sportom, pa i sam način ishrane. Cilj istrazivanja bio je utvrditi, koliko je Covid- 19, uticao na promene načina ishrane, kod mlade kategorije ljudi. Istrazivanje je sprovedeno od januara do aprila 2021.godine, na ukupnom uzorku od 376 ispitanika iz kategorije studenata, sa prostora Republike Srpske. Za obradu dobijenih podataka je korišćen SPSS programski softver, verzija 23.00. Rezultati, dobijeni ANOVA analizom, pokazali su da većina ispitanika nije imala problem sa nabavkom hrane, ali jeste uočena veća potrosnja hrane tokom pandemije. Takodje, potvrdjeno je da ne postoje statisticki uočene razlike u promeni navika tokom pandemije, u odnosu na polnu strukturu ispitanika. Istrazivanjem se dokazalo, da krizna situacija pandemije, nije uticala na promenu intenziteta upraznjavanja fizickih aktivnosti. Rad ima širi drustveni i naucni znacaj, jer moze pomoci u sagledavanju promena ponasanja i navika omladine u toku kriznih situacija, kao sto je pandemija.
STRUKTURA SITUACIONO MOTORIČKIH SPOSOBNOSTI U RUKOMETU
Authors: Aksović Nikola , Bjelica Bojan , Ilić Igor , Ilić Hadži Saša , Miletić Marija
Published: January 2023

Cilj rada je utvrđivanje strukture situaciono motoričkih sposobnosti u rukometu, kod studenata Fakulteta za sport i fizičko vaspitanje u Leposaviću, starosti od 19 do 21 godine. Primenom metode komponentne faktorske analize u situaciono motoričkom prostoru izolovane su tri latentne dimenzije: prva odgovorna za brzinu kretanja bez lopte i sa loptom i baratanja loptom; druga za snagu izbačaja lopte i situacionu preciznost šutiranja sa 7 m; treća za baratanje loptom i situacionu preciznost šutiranja sa 9 m.Rezultati istraživanja su potvrdili povezanost izolovanih latentnih situaciono motoričkih dimenzija kao i da brzina kretanja bez lopte, sa loptom, baratanje loptom, snaga izbačaja lopte i situaciona preciznost zavise od istih regulacionih mehanizama. Zaključak je da pri određivanju optimalnog antropološkog modela u domenu kineziološke edukacije, planiranja, programiranja i selekcije u rukometu, posebnu pažnju treba posvetiti situaciono motoričkim sposobnostima.
Monitoring of Seasonal Variations in Ground Temperature
Authors: Frolov Denis Maksimovich , Rzhanitsyn German Anatol'evich , Koshurnikov Andrei Viktorovich , Gagarin Vladimir Evgen'evich
Published: January 2023

The paper considers the problem of monitoring seasonal changes in soil temperature in northern and mountainous areas in the light of ongoing climate changes. To study seasonal changes in soil temperature, a model site of the Moscow State University Meteorological Observatory was used with the ability to monitor air temperature, snow cover thickness, and ground freezing temperature and depth, which was a prototype of a system for monitoring the state of permafrost soils used in the Arctic and mountain territories. The paper presents the results of monitoring seasonal changes in soil temperature based on the results of numerical modeling of the penetration of seasonal fluctuations in soil temperature in 2014-2017 in MATLAB environment at the model site of the MSU Meteorological Observatory. The results of numerical simulation of the penetration of seasonal temperature fluctuations in the ground at the MSU meteorological site in 2014-2017 in the MATLAB environment are in good agreement with the thermometry data and, therefore, the developed calculation scheme shows fairly good simulation results. This makes it possible to use the calculation scheme to assess the thermal state of frozen soils and assess the stability of foundations and buildings and linear structures located on them in the conditions of the North and mountainous territories. Therefore, the presented methodology can serve as a good help for monitoring and preventing the destruction of the studied structures in the conditions of climate warming.
Chloride-dependent mechanisms of multimodal sensory discrimination and nociceptive sensitization in Drosophila
Authors: Himmel Nathaniel J , Sakurai Akira , Patel Atit A , Bhattacharjee Shatabdi , Letcher Jamin M , Benson Maggie N , Gray Thomas R , Cymbalyuk Gennady S , Cox Daniel N
Published: January 2023

Individual sensory neurons can be tuned to many stimuli, each driving unique, stimulus-relevant behaviors, and the ability of multimodal nociceptor neurons to discriminate between potentially harmful and innocuous stimuli is broadly important for organismal survival. Moreover, disruptions in the capacity to differentiate between noxious and innocuous stimuli can result in neuropathic pain. Drosophila larval class III (CIII) neurons are peripheral noxious cold nociceptors and innocuous touch mechanosensors; high levels of activation drive cold-evoked contraction (CT) behavior, while low levels of activation result in a suite of touch-associated behaviors. However, it is unknown what molecular factors underlie CIII multimodality. Here, we show that the TMEM16/anoctamins subdued and white walker (wwk; CG15270) are required for cold-evoked CT, but not for touch-associated behavior, indicating a conserved role for anoctamins in nociception. We also evidence that CIII neurons make use of atypical depolarizing chloride currents to encode cold, and that overexpression of ncc69—a fly homologue of NKCC1—results in phenotypes consistent with neuropathic sensitization, including behavioral sensitization and neuronal hyperexcitability, making Drosophila CIII neurons a candidate system for future studies of the basic mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain.
Nationwide participation in FIT-based colorectal cancer screening in Denmark during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study
Authors: Olesen Tina Bech , Jensen Henry , Møller Henrik , Jensen Jens Winther , Andersen Berit , Rasmussen Morten
Published: January 2023

Background:

Worldwide, most colorectal cancer screening programmes were paused at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, while the Danish faecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based programme continued without pausing. We examined colorectal cancer screening participation and compliance with subsequent colonoscopy in Denmark throughout the pandemic.

Methods:

We used data from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Screening Database among individuals aged 50–74 years old invited to participate in colorectal cancer screening from 2018 to 2021 combined with population-wide registries. Using a generalised linear model, we estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of colorectal cancer screening participation within 90 days since invitation and compliance with colonoscopy within 60 days since a positive FIT test during the pandemic in comparison with the previous years adjusting for age, month and year of invitation.

Results:

Altogether, 3,133,947 invitations were sent out to 1,928,725 individuals and there were 94,373 positive FIT tests (in 92,848 individuals) during the study period. Before the pandemic, 60.7% participated in screening within 90 days. A minor reduction in participation was observed at the start of the pandemic (PR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.94–0.96 in pre-lockdown and PR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.85–0.86 in first lockdown) corresponding to a participation rate of 54.9% during pre-lockdown and 53.0% during first lockdown. This was followed by a 5–10% increased participation in screening corresponding to a participation rate of up to 64.9%. The largest increase in participation was observed among 55–59 years old and among immigrants. The compliance with colonoscopy within 60 days was 89.9% before the pandemic. A slight reduction was observed during first lockdown (PR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93–0.98), where after it resumed to normal levels.

Conclusions:

Participation in the Danish FIT-based colorectal cancer screening programme and subsequent compliance to colonoscopy after a positive FIT result was only slightly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Funding:

The study was funded by the Danish Cancer Society Scientific Committee (Grant number R321-A17417) and the Danish regions.
Soluble amyloid-β precursor peptide does not regulate GABAB receptor activity
Authors: Rem Pascal Dominic , Sereikaite Vita , Fernández-Fernández Diego , Reinartz Sebastian , Ulrich Daniel , Fritzius Thorsten , Trovo Luca , Roux Salomé , Chen Ziyang , Rondard Philippe , Pin Jean-Philippe , Schwenk Jochen , Fakler Bernd , Gassmann Martin , Barkat Tania Rinaldi , Strømgaard Kristian , Bettler Bernhard
Published: January 2023

Amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) regulates neuronal activity through the release of secreted APP (sAPP) acting at cell surface receptors. APP and sAPP were reported to bind to the extracellular sushi domain 1 (SD1) of GABAB receptors (GBRs). A 17 amino acid peptide (APP17) derived from APP was sufficient for SD1 binding and shown to mimic the inhibitory effect of sAPP on neurotransmitter release and neuronal activity. The functional effects of APP17 and sAPP were similar to those of the GBR agonist baclofen and blocked by a GBR antagonist. These experiments led to the proposal that sAPP activates GBRs to exert its neuronal effects. However, whether APP17 and sAPP influence classical GBR signaling pathways in heterologous cells was not analyzed. Here, we confirm that APP17 binds to GBRs with nanomolar affinity. However, biochemical and electrophysiological experiments indicate that APP17 does not influence GBR activity in heterologous cells. Moreover, APP17 did not regulate synaptic GBR localization, GBR-activated K+ currents, neurotransmitter release, or neuronal activity in vitro or in vivo. Our results show that APP17 is not a functional GBR ligand and indicate that sAPP exerts its neuronal effects through receptors other than GBRs.
Initiation of HIV-1 Gag lattice assembly is required for recognition of the viral genome packaging signal
Authors: Lei Xiao , Gonçalves-Carneiro Daniel , Zang Trinity M , Bieniasz Paul D
Published: January 2023

The encapsidation of HIV-1 gRNA into virions is enabled by the binding of the nucleocapsid (NC) domain of the HIV-1 Gag polyprotein to the structured viral RNA packaging signal (Ψ) at the 5’ end of the viral genome. However, the subcellular location and oligomeric status of Gag during the initial Gag-Ψ encounter remain uncertain. Domains other than NC, such as capsid (CA), may therefore indirectly affect RNA recognition. To investigate the contribution of Gag domains to Ψ recognition in a cellular environment, we performed protein-protein crosslinking and protein-RNA crosslinking immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing (CLIP-seq) experiments. We demonstrate that NC alone does not bind specifically to Ψ in living cells, whereas full-length Gag and a CANC subdomain bind to Ψ with high specificity. Perturbation of the Ψ RNA structure or NC zinc fingers affected CANC:Ψ binding specificity. Notably, CANC variants with substitutions that disrupt CA:CA dimer, trimer, or hexamer interfaces in the immature Gag lattice also affected RNA binding, and mutants that were unable to assemble a nascent Gag lattice were unable to specifically bind to Ψ. Artificially multimerized NC domains did not specifically bind Ψ. CA variants with substitutions in inositol phosphate coordinating residues that prevent CA hexamerization were also deficient in Ψ binding and second-site revertant mutants that restored CA assembly also restored specific binding to Ψ. Overall, these data indicate that the correct assembly of a nascent immature CA lattice is required for the specific interaction between Gag and Ψ in cells.
Å forme et kreativt blikk
Authors: Honerud Hilde , Honerud Jon
Published: January 2023

Artikkelen omhandler hva det vil si å lære seg å ta gode bilder, og bruker dette som utgangspunkt for å diskutere forholdet mellom meningsskaping og kunnskaps- og ferdighetstilegning. Vi tar utgangspunkt i forholdet mellom fotografi som teknikk og som bildeforståelse, forholdet mellom bilder og samfunn, og hvordan disse relasjonene har endret seg i nyere tid. Med tanke på lærerens rolle diskuterer vi forholdet mellom kunst og undervisning, samt mellom lærerens didaktiske og fagspesifikke kunnskaper og ferdigheter. I artikkelen presenterer vi stegene i en undervisningspraksis som er ment å skape samspill mellom bildeforståelse og teknikk, og vi bruker dette som utgangspunkt for å diskutere samspillet mellom meningsskaping og kunnskaps- og ferdighetstilegning, samt hvilke forutsetninger som må være til stede i undervisningen.
Living in the Landscape 2021
Authors: Gårdvik Mette , Stoll Karin , Sørmo Wenche , Hoffman Gary , Bjørnvik Rosø Anne Mette
Published: January 2023

Målet med det arktiske samarbeidsprosjektet ‘Living in the landscape’ (LiLa) er å samle studenter og forsk­­ere fra ulike fagområder for å utvikle estetiske læreprosesser gjennom kultur-sensitiv og bærekraftig forskning på sosiokulturelle landskap i den europeisk-arktiske regionen. Covid 19 medførte at prosjektet i stedet for et fysisk møte i et felles landskap ble endret til en Online Spring School. Deltakerne produserte kunstneriske uttrykk som ble presentert i en online utstilling, i tillegg til visuelle essay. Med utgangspunkt i forfatternes fem essay med fokus på lokale tradisjoner med ull, starr og dun vil vi vise hvordan en felles forståelse for landskapets mangefasetterte betydning kunne utvikle seg i et online fellesskap på tvers av fagområder og kulturelle forskjeller. Våre norske bidrag eksemplifiserer hvordan det er mulig å formidle kunnskap om tradisjoner, kultur og identitet i et digitalt kulturfellesskap.
Shibori her og nå
Authors: Jamouchi Samira
Published: January 2023

I denne teksten tar jeg utgangspunkt i et skoleprosjekt med den eldgamle japansk innfargingsteknikken shibori. Prosjektet er motivert av en kritikk av den antropocen perioden vi lever i. Spørsmålet som drøftes er i hvilken grad et slikt kunstprosjekt med naturmaterialer kan bidra til økt bevissthet om menneskeskapte miljøproblemer. Jeg betrakter ikke verden utenfra eller som noe i stagnasjon, men snarere som en verden i bevegelse og anser dens tilblivelse som vårt ansvar. Naturmaterialer anses ikke bare som ressurser underordnet menneskes behov, men de inngår i et sårbart samspill mellom de som bebor verden. Vi mennesker har ansvar for hvordan verden utvikler seg, og en slik bevissthet kan etableres hos kommende generasjoner.
Nettverk for formgiving, kunst og håndverk i universitets- og høgskolesektoren (KHUH)
Authors: Nielsen Liv Merete , Reitan Janne Beate , Hassel Ragnhild Merete
Published: January 2023

I 2013 tok Nasjonalt senter for kunst og kultur i opplæringen (KKS), i samarbeid med lærerutdannere i fag­feltet, initiativ til opprettelsen av det som i dag er Nettverk for formgiving, kunst og håndverk i uni­vers­itets- og høgskolesektoren (KHUH). Siden opprettelsen har dette nettverket prioritert arbeid med årlige nettverks­konferanser for å styrke forskning og samarbeid innen fagfeltet. I denne artikkelen er Nettverkskonferansene i perioden 2014–2022 studert i lys av Lave og Wenger sin teori om ‘communities of practice’ – praksis­felles­skap, der faglig og organisatorisk legitim perifer deltakelse inngår i en helhet. Empirien gir oss grunnlag til å hevde at aktiviteten i praksisfellesskapet KHUH har vokst i denne perioden, ved at flere har fått adgang til slik deltakelse. Hele 288 pre­sen­ta­sjon­er, i form av paper, praksis­for­tel­ling­er eller poster har blitt pre­sen­tert, 20 personer har bidratt i ar­­beidsutvalg (AU) og 11 i viten­skap­elige ko­mi­teer (VK). KKS har mye av æren for nettverkets framgang og kontinuitet. Satsningen på KHUH – framfor et felles estetisk nett­verk – har vist seg å være en vellykket strategi.
Leder. Et nettverk av samskapt viten
Authors: Letnes Mari-Ann , Bråten Ingvard , Nielsen Liv Merete , Skjelbred Bente Helen
Published: January 2023

I 2013 tok Nasjonalt senter for kunst og kultur i opplæringen (KKS) initiativ til å samle lærerutdannere i formgiving, kunst og håndverk i et eget nettverk for å styrke samhold og utvikle fagfeltet. Første samling var på Gardermoen, og siden da har Nettverk for formgiving, kunst og håndverk i UH-sektoren (KHUH) hatt årlige konferanser der lærerutdannere har presentert egne utviklingsprosjekt og egen forskning. Disse presentasjonene har ført til gode og utviklende diskusjoner på tvers av landets utdannings­insti­tu­sjon­er. Deltakerne har vært selve ryggraden i det praksisfellesskap som har utviklet seg i de 10 årene som har gått. Som deltagere utvikler vi oss i et forsknings- og praksisfelt. Vi møtes som kollegaer, under­visere, veiledere, artikkelforfattere, fagfeller og redaktører i et fagfelt hvor ulike forståelser og innsikter brytes frem i et nettverk av samskapt viten. Med dette jubileumsnummeret ønsker vi å styrke koblingen mellom KHUH-nettverket og utviklingen av det akademiske fagfeltet.
Frankenstorm
Authors: Perkiss Abigail
Published: January 2023

This chapter documents the uneven recovery of the storm along the Bayshore: the 115 square miles of coastline running from Sandy Hook at the lip of the Atlantic Ocean to South Amboy at the mouth of the Raritan River—New Jersey's forgotten shore. The chapter first discusses the experience of Collette Kennedy, who moved to Keyport just weeks before Hurricane Sandy hit, and who was looking forward to celebrating her first Halloween in her new home. It then narrates how forecasters and meteorologists worked to predict the storm's track, warn residents of its potential for destruction, and compel government officials to take appropriate actions. It also recounts New Jersey's effective systems for protecting human life in the face of increasingly devastating storms along the coastline, coordinated evacuation routes, advances in communication, and sophisticated emergency-response protocols. The chapter examines how the longstanding practices in land management and coastal development created critical vulnerabilities in areas that had been specifically designated as high risk. It then looks at how Sandy unmasked these vulnerabilities—with devastating results.
Founding
Authors: Gellman David N.
Published: January 2023

This chapter provides new ways of thinking about an American past fraught with challenges constituent of the present time, including a narrative of enslavers, enslaved, and abolitionists and of private people and public lives. It mentions John Jay, who had been an abolitionist and became the founding president of the world's first antislavery organization, the New York Manumission Society, in 1785. The chapter also details how the name Jay became synonymous with abolitionism even as it remained intimately associated with the founding in the mid-nineteenth century. The chapter talks about how the beliefs and actions of several founders regarding slavery, especially John Jay's, complicated the interpretation of the founders' legacy even before the last major founders passed away. John Jay embraced a gradual emancipation ethos that, although it was freighted with unfairness, moved steadily forward.
A Conservative on the Inside
Authors: Gellman David N.
Published: January 2023

This chapter mentions William Jay's letter to Garrisonian Samuel J. May in 1836, warning how the forces of democracy might pull the emancipationists from their calling as the siren song of popularity divert them from their moral mission. Despite joining the leadership of the American Anti-Slavery Society, William Jay remained suspicious of the Garrisonians' radical exuberance. The chapter highlights William Jay's critique of the language of the New England Anti-Slavery Society's (NEAS) call for convention, stressing honesty over popularity. The chapter details how William Jay betrayed his own conservative instincts by pointing out that a mere preference for property-holding requirements over universal suffrage hardly made one an advocate of white slavery. It talks about the development of William Jay's fuller understanding of the role of racial inequality in sustaining slavery and a clearer sense of how Black voices could advance emancipation.
Roaming Free Like a Deer
Authors: Capper Daniel
Published: January 2023

By exploring lived ecological experiences across seven Buddhist worlds from ancient India to the contemporary West, this book provides a comprehensive, critical, and innovative examination of the theories, practices, and real-world results of Buddhist environmental ethics. The book clarifies crucial contours of Buddhist vegetarianism or meat eating, nature mysticism, and cultural speculations about spirituality in nonhuman animals. Buddhist environmental ethics often are touted as useful weapons in the fight against climate change. However, two formidable but often overlooked problems with this perspective exist. First, much of the literature on Buddhist environmental ethics uncritically embraces Buddhist ideals without examining the real-world impacts of those ideals, thereby sometimes ignoring difficulties in terms of practical applications. Moreover, for some understandable but still troublesome reasons, Buddhists from different schools follow their own environmental ideals without conversing with other Buddhists, thereby minimizing the abilities of Buddhists to act in concert on issues such as climate change that demand coordinated large-scale human responses. With its accessible style and personhood ethics orientation, the book should appeal to anyone who is concerned with how human beings interact with the nonhuman environment.
The Clever Bee of Sri Lanka
Authors: Capper Daniel
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines the roles of nature spirits and their practices in the Buddhist world of Sri Lanka. As Buddhism has travelled from its original Indian home it has interacted with a vast array of other religious forms. Despite the vibrant relational animist appearances, there was only a little nature mysticism found. The mix of the Tamils and Sinhalese population, religious practices of Christians and Muslims, and their favourite deities has led to the creation of a Sinhalese Buddhist pantheon of divinities. The chapter looks into the religion-implanting bodhi tree of Anurādhapura that gathers pilgrims. Moreover, Sri Lankan Buddhists are notable for their enthusiasm for holy trees, mountains, and the spirits who live in them. The chapter also covers the influence of Buddhaghosa in the practice of animal sacrifice.
Living with Difference
Authors: Menon Kalyani Devaki
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines how religious practices and discourses during and immediately after the Islamic month of Muharram provide an arena for new ways of positioning Shias in Old Delhi and in India today. It contends that Shii rituals and discourses during Muharram, while marking religious and sectarian distinctions, simultaneously enable forms of identity that challenge exclusionary constructions of community and nation and allow Old Delhi's diverse communities to live with difference in contemporary India. While tensions do inform relationships between Shias and Sunnis in Old Delhi during Muharram, here the chapter focuses on everyday attempts to bridge difference, diffuse tensions, and enable broader understandings of community among Old Delhi's Muslims, and between Muslims and Hindus, during this period. What people say may belie what they do. However, their representations of self and community are important discursive practices that reveal what they hold to be important, how they want to be viewed, and how they want to situate themselves in the world.
Vulnerable Communities
Authors: Connolly James J. , Faulk Dagney , Wornell Emily J.
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines a subset of the vulnerable American communities: small cities. It digs into the interior complexities of small cities, starting with an account of growth-induced tensions in Harrisonburg, Virginia. It also describes how many smaller, geographically isolated cities are increasingly dependent on public spending. The chapter uses small Midwestern cities as examples to illustrate the extent of the urban transfer payment economy in cities that rely heavily on money derived from federal programs. It includes detailed analyses of data capturing underlying forces affecting growth in struggling communities and regions and highlights the extent to which smaller cities are at the mercy of state and federal agencies, both as suppliers of desperately needed revenues and as rule makers limiting the capacity of small cities to address their problems.
Hideyoshi and Okuni’s Kabuki
Authors: Tateno Marimi
Published: January 2023

This chapter draws attention to the well-known screen Okuni Performing Kabuki, an important source for understanding the early years of kabuki performance. The chapter's focus is not on the performance itself, but rather on the subject of the screen, its intended viewer, and how it was meant to be viewed. It attempts to answer these questions by exploring the portrayal of the warrior hegemon in this painting within a context that positions Toyotomi Hideyoshi in relation to the imperial family and also as a patron of new and emerging arts. By elucidating the process of producing the work, including the intended viewer, the purpose, the commissioner, the date, and the artist, the chapter aims to clarify that the true function of this screen painting was memorialization and that the image of Hideyoshi was inserted consciously to activate this particular function. The chapter reinforces the identification of Hideyoshi with additional analysis and seeks to identify, with as much certainty as possible, the figures seated with Hideyoshi, a task that has never been undertaken before. Ultimately, the chapter reveals the irony of Hideyoshi's presence overseeing a world he helped create, but from which his family was erased, in this work commemorating the warrior hegemon at the start of a peaceful age.
Plotting War during the Great Peace
Authors: Fleming William D.
Published: January 2023

This chapter studies the specter of war and its trauma underlying kidan (“tales of the strange”), a genre of fiction dating from the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. It highlights the portrayal of warriors and warfare in this genre centered on the eerie, and argues that while late-Tokugawa-period historical fiction possesses a complicated, multivalent relationship with the past, its authors were closely attuned to contemporary political concerns. For the purposes of the chapter, kidan is used in the narrower sense to refer to the mid- to late-eighteenth-century collections of Teishō and his successors. These texts delineate a relatively coherent genre of fiction. The chapter also examines how the introduction of warfare serves to impart new meanings. It ultimately demonstrates how the uncanny in kidan provided a vehicle for exploring the uncertainties of the present, while highlighting the current era of peace in which the strange was made reassuringly distant.
Your Children Are Very Greatly in Danger
Authors: Murphy Justin
Published: January 2023

This book makes the compelling argument that the educational disparities in Rochester, New York, are the result of historical and present-day racial segregation. Education reform alone will never be the full solution; to resolve racial inequity, cities such as Rochester must first dismantle segregation. The book shows how discriminatory public policy and personal prejudice combined to create the racially segregated education system that exists in the Rochester area today. Alongside this dismal history, the book recounts the courageous fight for integration and equality, from the advocacy of Frederick Douglass in the 1850s to a countywide student coalition inspired by the Black Lives Matter movement in the 2010s. This grinding antagonism, featuring numerous failed efforts to uphold the promise of Brown v. Board of Education, underlines that desegregation and integration offer the greatest opportunity to improve educational and economic outcomes for children of color in the United States. To date, that opportunity has been lost in Rochester, and persistent poor academic outcomes have been one terrible result. The book is a history of Rochester with clear relevance for today. The struggle for equity in Rochester, like in many northern cities, shows how the burden of history lies on the present. A better future for these cities requires grappling with their troubled pasts.
Six Rugged Years, All Uphill
Authors: Murphy Justin
Published: January 2023

This chapter details the Civil Rights era's fight for the desegregation of Rochester schools. It mentions the directive of State Education Commissioner James Allen, which would come to define Herman Goldberg's legacy in Rochester as the district's special education director. The six-year stretch from 1963, when Goldberg took office and Allen gave his first directive, until 1969, when a Goldberg-appointed committee proposed a vigorous reorganization, was considered a dark time in Rochester's schools. The chapter looks at the overall picture of racial segregation that worsened dramatically, as the number of elementary schools with more than 90 percent Black students doubled from three in 1962–63 to six in 1967–68. Goldberg and the district wasted much energy and political capital pushing the concept of voluntary open enrollment even as they acknowledged that purely voluntary changes could not turn the rising tide of segregation.
Chivalry and Social Violence
Authors: Sposato Peter W.
Published: January 2023

This chapter looks at how chivalry's emphasis on autonomy and the defense of honor and power through violence resulted in intense conflict between the chivalric elite and other Florentines. The chapter considers the chivalric violence directed at the middling and lower classes (especially the popolo minuto), a practice referred to in this book as “social violence.” The chapter starts with a discussion on chivalric attitudes toward those of lower and middling social status, the popolani. Particularly, it examines how the sources generally distinguished chivalric warriors from their fellow citizens either by depicting the latter as of base character, utterly lacking in martial vigor and skill, or through expressions of great contempt toward those who enjoyed extensive wealth thanks to their mercantile and commercial dealings. As the chapter emphasizes, many of these men enjoyed the dignity of knighthood from the chivalric perspective but did not cultivate the profession of arms or live the chivalric lifestyle. The chapter analyses the historical practice of social violence in its many dimensions. What emerges is a deep, almost visceral desire on the part of the chivalric elite to unleash brutal, often transgressive, violence against popolani.
Two Children of Modernity
Authors: Bray Mark
Published: January 2023

This chapter first examines how anarchists were also human rights activists who played key roles in organizing turn-of-the-century transnational Spanish prisoner campaigns among others. It investigates some anarchists who were both; that is to say, anarchists who were active organizers or plotters of acts of propaganda by the deed. The chapter then looks at the conspiratorial backroom anarchist meetings in Paris, ominous torture chambers in Barcelona, a presidential assassination in Lyon, and anti-torture demonstrations in London and beyond. It analyses the interrelations between anarchist propaganda by the deed and the development of human rights activism by influential figures. The chapter navigates overlapping worlds of transnational activism and intrigue across Europe and the Americas to illustrate how the feuding siblings of human rights and terrorism may have shared more of a family resemblance in a rapidly globalizing world than one might expect.
The General Strike and the Montjuich Template of Resistance
Authors: Bray Mark
Published: January 2023

This chapter focuses on the last great spontaneous insurrectionary action of the Andalusian peasantry: the Jerez insurrection of 1892. It introduces the birth of the first Spanish anarchist martyrs, the Martyrs of Jerez. At the time, the international anarchist movement responded with demonstrations in New York, Milan, and Paris. It also responded with bombs that exploded at the Spanish consulate in Lisbon and Barcelona's Plaza Real. The chapter underlines how the Montjuich campaign had awakened public outrage at the “revival of the Inquisition”—outrage that the Spanish state now took seriously. The chapter shifts to analyze the dramatic unfolding of five transnational Spanish prisoner campaigns over the next decade modeled on the precedent set by the Montjuich campaign. The successful template that the campaign established included the looming specter of retaliatory atentados. The chapter finally considers the attempts on the life of Alfonso XIII in 1905 and 1906.
“Neither Innocent nor Guilty”
Authors: Bray Mark
Published: January 2023

This chapter describes human rights and state sovereignty's uneasy coexistence. It highlights that the tensions between the two were evident during each of the Spanish prisoner campaigns of the turn of the twentieth century. Although the term “human rights” was not commonly used in these campaigns, the chapter stresses that their arguments for natural, equal, universal rights, their efforts to forge broad apolitical coalitions, and their attempts to leverage widely shared affinities for the “modern” values of “humanity” merit inclusion in the history of human rights. The chapter evaluates how the Montjuich campaign and the other Spanish prisoner campaigns, and the anarchist activists expanded our understanding of how human rights have coexisted with and within a wide variety of political formations. It argues that the success of these and other campaigns of the era relied on their ability to leverage the widely shared notion of civilizational morality that the author calls the ethics of modernity. Yet just as the ethics of modernity were attaining near unanimity, newly developing intellectual and political forces were gnawing away at its hegemonic status.
Barack Obama
Authors: Kaufman Burton I.
Published: January 2023

This biography explores how the political career of Barack Obama was marked by conservative tendencies that frustrated his progressive supporters and gave the lie to socialist fearmongering on the right. Obama's was a landmark presidency that paradoxically, the book shows, resulted in few, if any, radical shifts in policy. Following his election, President Obama's supporters and detractors anticipated radical reform. As the first African American to serve as president, he reached the White House on a campaign promise of change. But the book finds in Obama clear patterns of classical conservativism of an ideological sort and basic policy-making pragmatism. His commitment to usher in a multiracial, multiethnic, and multicultural society was fundamentally connected to opening up, but not radically altering, the existing free enterprise system. The Affordable Care Act, arguably President Obama's greatest policy achievement, was a distillation of his complex motivations for policy. More conservative than radical, the ACA fitted the expansion of health insurance into the existing system. Similarly, in foreign policy, Obama eschewed the use of force to affect regime change. Yet he kept boots on the ground in the Middle East and supported ballot-box revolts geared toward achieving in foreign countries the same principles of liberalism, free enterprise, and competition that existed in the United States. In estimating the course and impact of Obama's full political life, the book makes clear that both the desire for and fear of change in the American polity affected the popular perception but not the course of action of the forty-fourth US president.
The Presidential Run and the Earthquake of Iowa
Authors: Kaufman Burton I.
Published: January 2023

This chapter recounts Barack Obama's decision to run for the United States Senate. It emphasizes that it was the first step in a journey that culminated in November 2008, with his election as the forty-fourth president of the United States. In the five years following his announcement that he was running for the US Senate, he became the transcendent figure in national politics. The chapter demonstrates Obama's intellect, commitment to principle, pragmatism, ambition, and drive. He was a progressive on a journey of heart and mind central to which remained the establishment of a shared multiethnic, multicultural society. The chapter narrates the time when the presumptive nominee for the Democratic nomination delivered his keynote address in Boston. It then looks at Obama's decisive victory in the Iowa caucuses.