bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A simplified controller and detailed dynamics of constant off-time peak current control
Authors: Van den Bossche Alex , Dimitrova Ekaterina , Valchev Vencislav , Feradov Firgan
Published: November 2017

A fast and reliable current control is often the base of power electronic converters. The traditional constant frequency peak control is unstable above 50 % duty ratio. In contrast, the constant off-time peak current control (COTCC) is unconditionally stable and fast, so it is worth analyzing it. Another feature of the COTCC is that one can combine a current control together with a current protection. The time dynamics show a zero-transient response, even when the inductor changes in a wide range. It can also be modeled as a special transfer function for all frequencies. The article shows also that it can be implemented in a simple analog circuit using a wide temperature range IC, such as the LM2903, which is compatible with PV conversion and automotive temperature range. Experiments are done using a 3 kW step-up converter. A drawback is still that the principle does not easily fit in usual digital controllers up to now.
Real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of mgc2 gene of Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Authors: Ehtisham-ul-Haque Syed , Kiran Madiha , Waheed Usman , Younus Muhammad
Published: November 2017

Introduction:
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is considered the most pathogenic and economically significant avian Mycoplasma spp. for the worldwide poultry industry. The aim of this study was to develop a novel and sensitive real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay based on the amplification of its mgc2 gene sequence for its rapid molecular detection in poultry.

Material and Methods: Blood samples from 300 broiler and layer chickens were screened using a rapid serum agglutination (RSA) test. A real-time LAMP reaction was conducted with seropositive swab samples at 60°C for 90 min in an ESEQuant tube scanner using 6-carboxyfluorescein as the reporting dye.

Results: The sensitivity of the developed assay was 10 fg/μL of DNA. The assay was found 100% specific, showing no cross-reactivity with other avian Mycoplasma species. The proportion found of the positive samples by the real-time LAMP was 58%. In comparison, the RSA was found to detect 52% of positive cases.

Conclusion: The mgc2 real-time LAMP emerged as a more sensitive and accurate method for molecular detection of M. gallisepticum than RSA. Robustness and precision give it applicability as a potential field diagnostic tool for M. gallisepticum control. The study will be beneficial in reducing economic losses that M. gallisepticum inflicts on the poultry industry. This is the first reported development of a real-time LAMP assay based on the amplification of the mgc2 gene sequence using an ESEQuant tube scanner for galline M. gallisepticum detection.
Influence sampling of trailing variables of dynamical systems
Authors: Krause Paul
Published: November 2017

For dealing with dynamical instability in predictions, numerical models should be provided with accurate initial values on the attractor of the dynamical system they generate. A discrete control scheme is presented to this end for trailing variables of an evolutive system of ordinary differential equations. The Influence Sampling (IS) scheme adapts sample values of the trailing variables to input values of the determining variables in the attractor. The optimal IS scheme has affordable cost for large systems. In discrete data assimilation runs conducted with the Lorenz 1963 equations and a nonautonomous perturbation of the Lorenz equations whose dynamics shows on-off intermittency the optimal IS was compared to the straightforward insertion method and the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). With these unstable systems the optimal IS increases by one order of magnitude the maximum spacing between insertion times that the insertion method can handle and performs comparably to the EnKF when the EnKF converges. While the EnKF converges for sample sizes greater than or equal to 10, the optimal IS scheme does so fromsample size 1. This occurs because the optimal IS scheme stabilizes the individual paths of the Lorenz 1963 equations within data assimilation processes.
The Status of Anxiety (Angst) in Bolesław Prus’s The Doll: Figures of Speech, Metaphors and Places of Inderminacy
Authors: Brejnak Sebastian
Published: November 2017

The article argues that anxiety (a form of existential Angst) is a basic mood that shapes the experiences of all the characters, including Stanisław Wokulski, in Bolesław Prus’s The Doll (1887–1889). The term occurs in the text of the novel itself both explicitly (most often as part of various phrases) and implicitly. The article focuses primarily on symbolic representations of anxiety and its suppression. This is done by means of metaphors, topoi and a system of cultural and social codes that make their appearance in the novel in a condensed form as dynamic figures (e.g. a stone, a shadow, or a mirror). They are also introduced by means of a juxtaposition between the experience of anxiety and attempts to cope with it, to enforce a ‘state of calm’, an illusory existential balance. In his reading of the novel the author of this article draws on Martin Heidegger’s concept of anxiety (Angst) and his distinction between authentic and inauthentic existence in Being and Time; he also draws on the latest developments in criticism, especially the so-called affective turn.
Wisława Szymborska’s All Feminist Readings
Authors: Świerkosz Monika
Published: November 2017

The article analyzes the reading strategies that are inscribed into Wisława Szymborska’s reviews and feuilletons in the collection Wszystkie lektury nadobowiązkowe [All Non-Obligatory Readings] published in 2015. Drawing on the figure of an implied woman reader described and defines by Ewa Kraskowska (and earlier by Anna Bojarska), the article identifies a number of traces that reveal Szymborska’s gender-oriented sensitivity of various mechanisms excluding women from history and cultural history. However, to deconstruct the false universality of dominant order she employs not so much empathy with the excluded (not just women) as irony disguised by a mask of naiveté. In this way she conducts her critique of the grand narratives from a somewhat different perspective than second wave difference feminism, expanding her range of feminist readings to include postcolonial and posthmanist themes.
‘I Want to be a Free Man in a Free World’, Or Romantic Terrorism and the Failed Revolution in Józef Łobodowski’s Liberation
Authors: Gac Dominik
Published: November 2017

This article is the first critical analysis and interpretation of Liberation (Wyzwolenie), the only drama in the oeuvre of Józef Łobodowski. Written in 1933 and deposited in the 1980s at the Józef Czechowicz Museum of Literature in Lublin, Liberation has remained unpublished and practically forgotten. It is however a notable example of political drama dealing with socialism and communism, and in particular the author’s bitter reflection about the failure of the leftist ideals in the aftermath of World War I. Using a variety of interpretative tropes, the article examines, firstly, the links between the plot of the play and Łobodowski’s own experiences (the autobiographical elements are quite prominent), and, secondly, the network of references and correspondences between Liberation and Łobodowski’s émigré novels. What this analysis shows as well is the prominence of Romantic themes in the writer’s fiction.
Apocryphal Maternities of Joanna Mueller: Between Corporeality and Textuality
Authors: Gawron Agnieszka
Published: November 2017

This is an attempt at interpreting Joanna Mueller’s book of essays Coating the Baby in the Womb: Prenatal Apocryphas (Powlekać rosnące. Apokryfy prenatalne) published in 2013. The ‘apocrypha’ of the title is explained by means of structural and intertextual analyses probing into the complex relationships between the maternal corporeality and the textual dimension of reality. Coating the Baby in the Womb is treated here as a complex linguistic and existential project in which maternity and the creative act are two aspects of the same experience, interacting and shaping one another, drawing on the same vocabulary. This process produces recurrent textual figures, e.g. the Platonic metaxy (μεταξύ) or the exuvium, which refer both to the ontology of maternal subjectivity and the nature of the creative process. The article argues that Joanny Mueller’s ‘maternal personal criticism’ represents a subversive (‘apocryphal’) type of discourse, opposed to both the discourse of science and that of culture.
A counterexample to the Drury permanent conjecture
Authors: Hutchinson George
Published: November 2017

We offer a counterexample to a conjecture concerning the permanent of positive semidefinite matrices. The counterexample is a 4 × 4 complex correlation matrix.
‘Lyric’ Atmosphere in Apollonius Rhodius and Callimachus (With an Analysis of Theocritus 18)
Authors: Noussia-Fantuzzi Maria
Published: November 2017

This study examines a representative selection of Hellenistic instances of
Der Wert von Versorgungssicherheit mit Strom: Evidenz für deutsche Haushalte
Authors: Frondel Manuel , Sommer Stephan
Published: November 2017

Dieser Artikel untersucht auf Basis einer Befragung von mehr als 5.000 Haushaltsvorständen, wie viel sie für Versorgungssicherheit mit Strom zu zahlen bereit sind. Alternativ zur Zahlungsbereitschaft (willingness to pay, WTP) wird auch nach der Bereitschaft gefragt, gegen eine Entschädigungszahlung auf ein gewisses Maß an Versorgungssicherheit zu verzichten (willingness to accept, WTA). In Übereinstimmung mit zahlreichen empirischen Studien finden wir mittlere WTA-Werte, die deutlich über den mittleren WTP-Werten für die Vermeidung eines unangekündigten, vierstündigen Stromausfalls liegen. Den Grund für diese Diskrepanz sehen wir darin, dass die bekundeten Entschädigungsforderungen für den Verzicht auf Versorgungssicherheit tendenziell über dem tatsächlichen Wert liegen, der der Versorgungssicherheit mit Strom beigemessen wird, wohingegen die dafür bekundete Zahlungsbereitschaft tendenziell untertrieben wird.
Vibration Analysis of Composite Beams with Sinusoidal Periodically Varying Interfaces
Authors: Li Botong , Liu Chein-Shan , Zhu Liangliang
Published: November 2017

As an increasing variety of composite materials with complex interfaces are emerging, we develop a theory to investigate composite beams and shed some light on new physical insights into composite beams with sinusoidal periodically varying interfaces. For the natural vibration of composite beams with continuous or periodically varying interfaces, the governing equation has been derived according to the generalised Hamiltonian principle. For composite beams having different boundary conditions, we transform the governing equations into integral equations and solve them by using the sinusoidal functions as test functions as well as the basis of the vibration modes. Due to the orthogonality of the sinusoidal functions, expansion coefficients in closed form can be found. Therefore, the proposed iterative schemes, with the help of the Rayleigh quotient and boundary functions, can quickly find the eigenvalues and free vibration modes. The obtained natural frequencies agree well with those obtained using the finite element method. In addition, the proposed method can be extended easily to laminated composite beams in more general cases or complex components and geometries in vibration engineering. The effects of different material properties of the upper and lower components and varying interface geometry function on the frequency of the composite beams are examined. According to our investigation, the natural frequency of a laminated beam with a continuous or periodically varying interface can be changed by altering the density or elastic modulus. We also show the responses of the frequencies of the components to the varying periodic interface.
Brandbekämpfungstechnologie und Feuerwehren – Das Zusammenspiel von Technologie und Gesellschaft am Fallbeispiel Tirol
Authors: Bliem Nikolaus
Published: November 2017

The following seminar-paper is about the impact technology had on the development of fire fighting institutions in the 19th century. Along with the Industrial Revolution the urge to be protected from fire catastrophes was growing. In this paper I argue that the invention and use of new technologies in fighting fire lead to the development of institutions such as “Freiwillige Feuerwehren”. But, as will be shown, the new form of organization overtook the spread of the new technologies rapidly, especially in rural areas. Due to the expensive and train-extensive technology fire fighters in rural areas had to operate with primitive technology far up in the 20th century.
Die Außenpolitik der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika und ihr Bekenntnis zum multilateralen Internationalismus
Authors: Salzmann Thomas Peter
Published: November 2017

U.S. foreign policy and its commitment to multilateral internationalism In the present paper I will argue that the Truman and the Eisenhower Administration, in dealing with post-war Germany, the Soviet Union and the Cold War, followed a policy of multilateral internationalism. After having introduced this concept in the first part, the second part will deal with the question whether the reorientation that George W. Bush has brought about in U.S. foreign policy has fundamentally altered its basic focus on multilateral internationalism. Based on an analysis of Barack Obama's foreign policy it will be argued against such an alleged profound change.
Sakoku. Ökonomische Anpassungen des Tokugawa-Shōgunats von 1639–1853.
Authors: Simonini Emanuel
Published: November 2017

During the period of Edo (1603–1868), Japan was dominated and ruled by the Tokugawa Dynasty. In fact this family ruled the country on its own and provided every Shōgun in the modern age. In the era of the third Shōguns reign – Tokugawa Iemitsu – Japan got into a term of forclosure which at least took 200 years, today known as ‚Sakoku‘ (1639–1853). The purpose of this paper is to examine the economic and social conditions in order to consist as a souvereign country during this period of isolation. The focus to answer this question thereby lies on food supply, foreign commerce and the external relations of the Shōgunat.
Totale Institutionen – Psychiatrien im 19. Jahrhundert am Beispiel der k.k. Provinzial-Irren-Heilanstalt Hall in Tirol
Authors: Karner Dominique
Published: November 2017

The following seminar-paper is about mental asylums as “total institution”. The example of Hall will be used to show the four important aspects of Erving Goffman’s definition of a total institution. Finally, it discusses whether the Psychiatry Hall can be outlined as one.
Südtiroler Moschee-Konflikte seit den 1990-er Jahren Argumentationslinien in den Tageszeitungen „Dolomiten“ und „Alto Adige“
Authors: Oberbichler Sarah
Published: November 2017

South Tyrolean’s Mosque conflicts since the 1990sLines of argumentation in the newspaper “Dolomiten” and “Alto Adige”  The following paper is about the perception of mosque buildings in the daily South Tyrolean newspaper, the German-language ‘Dolomiten’ and the Italian-language ‘Alto Adige’. The particle has two aims, for one, it gives an historical overview about the mosque debates in South Tyro from 1990 until today. Building on that, the paper offers an analysis, and particularly a comparison, of argumentation paradigms present in the two South Tyrolean newspapers. As will be seen, both newspaper use argumentation patterns in different kind of ways.
Hitlers Zweites Buch - Eine vergessene Quelle der Zeitgeschichte zu Hitlers außenpolitischen Ansichten
Authors: Kofler Sabine Viktoria
Published: November 2017

The following seminar paper takes a closer look at one of the lesser known writings of Adolf Hitler. His second book came to the surface only through the work of historians in the 1950s. This paper is to present the discovery, the following publication of this manuscript and the public and scholarly reaction to it. Secondly, it will contemplate Hitler`s thoughts and views on German foreign policy. Finally, it will discuss several theories on why this unfinished manuscript never came to be published until 1961in the first place.
Vorwort zur neunten Ausgabe 2017
Authors: Pfanzelter Eva
Published: November 2017

Vorwort zur neunten Ausgabe
Interpersonal communication, voting behaviour and influence in an election campaign: The 2009 German elections
Authors: Mancosu Moreno
Published: November 2017

Interpersonal influence—the process by which people change their idea according to the ideas of others—is a crucial mechanism that forges political agreement among citizens. By using data from the 2009 German Longitudinal Election Study short-term campaign panel, it will be tested how this strategy contributes to changing citizens’ ideas in the proximity of the 2009 Bundestag elections in Germany. Results of fixed-effect logistic regression models confirm the findings in previous literature, showing evidences consistent with influence effects. It is also suggested that the social circle of discussants alters the way in which people are influenced. Propensities to change vote choice, in fact, are boosted by the exposure to disagreeable strong ties, such as relatives and spouse/partner.
Member states’ opposition in the Council of the European Union and its impacts on the implementation of directives
Authors: Pircher Brigitte
Published: November 2017

In the Council of the European Union (EU), a qualified majority is mostly required to adopt legislative acts. Based on this majority rule, individual member states can be outvoted and are subsequently obliged to implement the law. This article analyses whether opposition in the Council of the EU affects the transposition of directives into national law by using the example of Austria from 2000 to 2008. The results demonstrate that domestic factors, rather than a negative political attitude, were responsible for delays and procedures when implementing previously contested directives. However, the effects of opposition in the Council on implementation were particularly apparent in cases where there was a high degree of misfit between EU provisions and the domestic legal structure.
ANTISERI, Dario: Cómo se razona en filosofía. Por qué y cómo enseñar historia de la filosofía, trad. cast. Juan Marcos de la Fuente, Unión Editorial, Madrid, 2013, 197p.
Authors: Martínez Quintanar Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2017

Reseña
A arqueologia e a cultura africana nas Américas
Authors: Abreu Funari Pedro Paulo
Published: November 2017

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Análisis de políticas públicas: perspectivas pragmáticas, interpretativas, de redes y de innovación pública
Authors: Salamanca Olga , Blanco Norma , Mamian Herney
Published: November 2017

El libro Análisis de políticas públicas: perspectivas pragmáticas, interpretativas, de redes y de innovación pública es el resultado de algunas de las ponencias más destacadas presentadas en el marco del 7° Coloquio Internacional sobre Políticas Públicas realizado en mayo de 2016 en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, cuyo propósito era discutir la variedad de teorías y métodos usados para el análisis de las políticas pública.
REPRESENTAÇÃO CORPORAL ENTRE JOVENS UNIVERSITÁRIOS: BELEZA, SAÚDE E INSATISFAÇÃO NA VIVÊNCIA DE UM CORPO-VITRINE
Authors: Miranda Raquel Ferreira , Almeida Tais Silva , Oliveira Tatiana Coura , Souza Caliane Santos , Abranches Monise Viana
Published: November 2017

O corpo, na contemporaneidade, assume posição de centralidade na vida humana atuando como mediador nas relações sociais, impactando na aceitação dos sujeitos por outros indivíduos que compartilham o mesmo meio social. Este estudo buscou compreender as vivências relatadas por estudantes universitários advindas das representações do corpo focando, especialmente, na percepção da autoimagem corporal e nos sentidos atribuídos ao corpo. Participaram deste estudo 22 indivíduos com idade entre 18 a 27 anos. A análise dos dados foi feita utilizando-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo, segundo Bardin. Os resultados indicaram a percepção do corpo como um objeto de investimento, sendo este feito por meio do controle dietético e da atividade física visando à adequação aos padrões corporais culturalmente valorizados.
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on the working memory of post-stroke people: an integrative review
Authors: Filho Edson Meneses da Silva , Albuquerque Jéssica Andrade de , Mescouto Karime Andrade , Freitas Rodrigo Pegado de Abreu
Published: November 2017

Background: Stroke is a chronic disease that is becoming more common in all the world causing damage to people affected, for instance, cognitive deficits. The Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a form of treatment that modulates specific areas of the nervous system. Objective: The objective of this integrative review was to analyze the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on the working memory (WM) in post-stroke patients. Method: This review included articles that analyzed the effects of tDCS on human beings with a diagnosis of stroke and used as outcomes: verbal, visual, spatial or auditory WM. The assessment of studies elegibility was performed by two independent researchers from 8 databases: Cochrane Library via Wiley - CENTRAL, PubMed, LILACS, SCIELO, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and PEDro following PRISMA guideline. Results: Three articles were included in the qualitative synthesis presenting a total of 66 participants (32 male and 34 female), 36 ischemic stroke and 30 hemorrhagic stroke with an average time of 42 days. Interventions were done on the areas F3/F4 (dorsolateral part of the prefrontal cortex) and T3/T4 (temporal anterior lobe) with 2mA current intensity for 30 minutes duration. The outcomes analyzed: verbal, visual, spatial, and auditory WM showed significant improvements after the use of tDCS. Conclusion: The limitations of this review were study designs, number of participants, lack of standardized interventions and short period of follow-up. tDCS showed satisfactory results on the WM of post-stroke individuals, but it is needed to be cautious due to the methodological quality of the articles. It is registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews - PROSPERO with registration number CDR42016048050.
Solid flexRIXS: A RIXS endstation for solid systems at BESSY II
Authors: Beye Martin , Miedema Pieter Sybren
Published: November 2017

The solid flexRIXS endstation combines an X-ray emission spectrometer with resolving powers above 1000 with a diffractometer setup for solid sample systems. It is flexible in its use at different beam lines and facilities.
La extradición: una herramienta para el fortalecimiento de la imagen estatal colombiana durante las presidencias de Betancourt (1982-1986), Barco (1986-1990), Pastrana (1998-2002) y Uribe (2002-2010)
Authors: Cardona Londoño Nicolás , Tellez Salgado Daniel , Serrano Rojas Juan José
Published: November 2017

Este artículo parte una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema de la extradición, propone una visión y aporta una herramienta analítica que permite ampliar el debate alrededor de este tema, en el cual, de manera general se encuentran tres posiciones en donde se pueden ubicar a diferentes autores que han abordado esta temática. Se analizan los periodos presidenciales de Betancourt (1982-1986), Barco (1986-1990), Pastrana (1998-2002) y Uribe (2002-2010), se intentará establecer un dialogo entre los discursos que fundamenta la identidad del Estado colombiano.
Una era para América Latina
Authors: Muñoz M. Catalina
Published: November 2017

Reseña del libro:PALACIO, Juan Fernando (2014). El sentido de la alianza del pacífico, claves de su trascendencia y sus desafíos. Medellín: Fondo editorial Universidad EAFIT. 104 pp.
Sobre un posible proceso de paz con el Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN)
Authors: Cortez Clavijo Jacobo , Escobar Natalia
Published: November 2017

Entrevista a Antonio Navarro Wolf.Senador de la República de Colombia.
R. Gort Riera. L’Estudi General de Lleida al segle XIV
Authors: Ramis Barceló Rafael
Published: November 2017

Este archivo reseña: R. Gort Riera. L’Estudi General de Lleida al segle XIV. Lleida: Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2016, 182 pp.
El acceso de las mujeres a la Universidad en España: el caso de las primeras universitarias leridanas (1882-1920) = Access of Women to the University in Spain: the Case of the First University Women in Lleida (1882-1920)
Authors: Casals Quintí
Published: November 2017

Resumen: En el presente artículo estudiamos los casos específicos de las primeras universitarias leridanas que conocemos como paradigmáticos del acceso de las mujeres a la universidad en España a finales del siglo XIX y primeras décadas del XX. Los ámbitos de estudio son Medicina, Farmacia y Filosofía y Letras. Mediante la comparación de las biografías de estas primeras universitarias leridanas buscamos paralelismos que expliquen como en una ciudad pequeña como Lleida, se dio la circunstancia que surgieran algunas de las pioneras españolas en los citados campos de estudio.Palabras clave: Historia universitaria, universitarias, primeras doctoras, primeras licenciadas.Abstract: In this paper we study the specific cases of the first women of Lleida that go to the university like a paradigmatic case of women’s access to the university in Spain in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth. The areas of study are Medicine, Pharmacy and Philosophy. By comparing the biographies of these first university women, we seek parallels that explain how in a small city like Lleida, were given the circumstances for arising some of the Spanish first women in the above fields of study.Keywords: University history, university, first female doctors, first graduates
Mussolini et Hitler, nouveaux Auguste? Autour du bimillenaire de la naissance d’Auguste, 1933-1938
Authors: Chapoutot Johann
Published: November 2017

Résumé: En plein coeur du XXeme siècle et au centre de l’Europe, deux régimes vantant leur propre modernité se réfèrent ouvertement au précédent impérial romain, et è la figure d’Auguste. Quel peut-être le sens de cette référence? Et quelle différence peut-on constater entre l’usage fasciste italien et l’usage nazi de l’antiquité romaine?Mots-clés: Empire Romain, Civilisation Occidentale, fascisme, usages de l’histoire, propagande politique.Resumen: A mediados del siglo XX y en el centro de Europa, dos regímenes que presumen de su propia modernidad se refieren abiertamente al precedente imperial romano y a la figura de Augusto. ¿Que sentido puede tener esta referencia? Y ¿qué diferencia puede encontrarse entre el uso fascista italiano y el uso nazi de la antigüedad romana?Palabras clave: Imperio romano, civilización occidental, fascismo, uso de la Historia, propaganda política.
Microhistoire des portraits composites: Le cas Arthur Batut (1846-1918)
Authors: Blanchard Antoine
Published: November 2017

Résumé: A partir d’une enquête portant sur le cas du photographe francais Arthur Batut (1846-1918) qui s’est emparé de la technique du composite portraiture de Francis Galton, nous révélerons dans un premier temps l’importance considérable du portrait photographique dans la constitution, à la fin du XIXe siècle, d’une nouvelle image de soi particulière correspondant à une identité “physicalisée”. Pour ce faire, nous mettrons à l’épreuve les questions et la méthode de la microstoria. Dans un second temps, nous envisagerons la possibilité que la technique historiographique de la microstoria elle-même ne puisse se penser sans l’emergence d’un “regard photographique”.Mots-clés: Arthur Batut, histoire de la photographie, historiographie, microstoria, portrait, anthropologie visuelle.Abstract: This paper investigates the case of Arthur Batut, a 19th century French photographer from Labruguiere (Tarn), who employed a different perspective to reproduce the technique of the composite portraiture, invented by Francis Galton, the father of “eugenics”. We will first reveal the major implication of photography within the constitution of a new quantified and physicalized image of the self at the end of the 19th century by examining Batut’s photography, notably the microstoria method. Secondly, we will examine the possibility that the historiographical technique of microstoria itself would be implausible without the emergence of a “photographic look”.Key words: Arthur Batut, history of photography, historiography, microstoria, portrait, visual anthropology.
Historiografía digital. Proyectos para almacenar y construir la historia
Authors: Martín de Vidales García María
Published: November 2017

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Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis: An Unexpected Cause of Duodenal Nodules
Authors: Morais Rui , Albuquerque Andreia , Macedo Guilherme
Published: November 2017

N/A.
Economic Impact of Residual Nitrogen and Preceding Crops on Wheat and Canola
Authors: Khakbazan M. , Grant C. A. , Huang J. , Zhong C. , Smith E. G. , O'Donovan J. T. , Mohr R. M. , Blackshaw R. E. , Harker K. N. , Lafond G. P. , Johnson E. N. , May W. E. , Turkington T. K. , Gan Y. , Lupwayi N. Z. , Luce M. St.
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas

Study on the residual effects of preceding crops and past N management on wheat and canola.

Initial positive impact of legume preceding crops on net revenue diminished over time.

Residual N had positive effects on net revenue, especially at the highest N rate.

Annual fertilization based on production capacity of the region gave the best economic results.

Dry conditions allow excess N to remain in soil as residual N, reducing the economic risk of fertilizer over‐application.

A 6‐yr study was conducted across western Canada to evaluate the residual effects of preceding crops (PCs) and past N rate management on the economics of subsequent wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.). Field pea (Pisum sativum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), canola and wheat harvested for grain, and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) grown and harvested for grain or as a green manure were direct seeded in 2009. Canola was seeded in 2010, barley in 2011, and canola again in 2012 with fertilizer N applied at varying rates for each crop. Spring wheat grown in 2013 and canola in 2014, both without N application, were used to determine residual PC and residual N effects. The positive benefit of legume PCs on the annual crop net revenue (NR) of wheat and canola crops diminished over time. Residual N from previously applied N had positive effects on annual wheat NR in 2013, but only the highest application rate contributed significantly to canola NR in 2014. The NR was greatest with an annual fertilization program based on regional production capacity, but under the dry conditions of the Canadian prairies excess N remaining in the soil after crop production could remain in the soil as residual N to be used by following crops. While generally insufficient to optimize crop production, residual N can reduce the economic risk from over‐application of fertilizer if N is not utilized by the crop due to adverse growing conditions in the year of fertilizer application.
Shifts in Soybean Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Nutrient Stoichiometry: A Historical Synthesis‐Analysis
Authors: Balboa Guillermo R. , Sadras Victor O. , Ciampitti Ignacio A.
Published: November 2017

Few studies have investigated changes over time in nutrient uptake and yield, in addition to the study of nutrient stoichiometry as a metric of nutrient limitations in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. A comprehensive synthesis‐analysis was performed by compiling a global historical soybean database of yield, total biomass, and nutrient (N, P, and K) content and concentration in studies published from 1922 to 2015. This period was divided in three eras based on genetically modified soybean events: Era I (1922–1996), Era II (1997–2006), and Era III (2007–2015). The main findings of this review are: (i) seed yield improved from 1.3 Mg ha−1 in the 1930s to 3.2 Mg ha−1 in the 2010s; (ii) yield increase was primarily driven by increase in biomass rather than harvest index (HI); (iii) both N and P HIs increased over time; (iv) seed nutrient concentration remained stable for N and declined for both P (18%) and K (13%); (v) stover nutrient concentration remained stable for N, diminished for P, and increased for K; (vi) nutrient ratios portray different trends for N/P (Era I and III > II), N/K (Era I > II and III), and K/P (Era II and III > I); (vii) yield per unit of nutrient uptake (internal efficiency) increased for N (33%) and P (44%) and decreased for K (11%); and (viii) variations in nutrient internal efficiency were primarily explained by increase in nutrient HI for N and K, but equally explained by both HI for P and seed P concentration. These findings have implications for soybean production and integrated nutrient management to improve yield, nutrient use efficiency, and seed nutrient composition.
Derechos sociales y condiciones económicas de los indígenas en Colombia: de la independencia a la república
Authors: Pita-Pico Roger
Published: November 2017

El presente artículo tiene por objeto analizar el desarrollo de los derechos sociales y las condiciones económicas de la población indígena en Colombia, durante el proceso de transición del antiguo régimen español al periodo de Independencia y los primeros años de vida republicana. Para profundizar, este estudio será abordado a través de tres temáticas trascendentales en la vida de estas comunidades nativas: el desmantelamiento de las tierras de resguardo, la lucha por la exención del pago del tributo y la reivindicación de derechos y garantías sociales.
To Evaluate the effect of Ashwatha on Mutrakrichhra w.s.r. to E.coli
Authors: Kumar Anand , Dubey Vijay Shankar
Published: November 2017

In Ayurvedic classics E.Coli infection is not mentioned, but Krimis and Mutrakrichhra are mentioned. Most of the symptoms of Mutrakrichhra are similar with Escherichia coli infection. Escherichia coli is the major cause of urinary tract infections. The disease Mutrakrichhra has been described by almost all Acharyas. UTI is a major problem in society which causes Mutravaha Srotas Vikriti. Modern medical science physicians are facing problem in the treatment of E.coli. Infection, due to its relapse and synthetic antibiotic hazards. Due to this reason present study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of Ashawath which have been used by ancient Acharyas in Mutravaha Srotas Vikriti. In view of above fact the present trial has been undertaken to understand the effect of Ashawatha having antibacterial and diuretic properties. The present research work has been carried out with a view to provide a scientific basis for the claims made in various Ayurvedic texts regarding the effect of Shigru Ashwatha Ghana on Mutrakrichhra (UTI).
To evaluate the efficacy of Siravyadha and Basti in the management of Siraja Granthi (Varicose Vein) - A Comparative Clinical Study
Authors: Dagu Mohan Baban , Mashetti N. B. , Baragi Umapati C.
Published: November 2017

Background: In this changed lifestyle of human beings, he has become a victim of several diseases, amongst them one is Varicose Veins, which are caused due to long standing or sitting in chairs which causes extra load on veins to pump the blood against gravity towards the Heart, especially the veins of the legs. Finally the veins get fatigued that leads to dilation and cause Varicosity in veins. Objectives: To compare the effect of Siravyadhana and Basti in the management of Siraja Granthi (Varicose Vein). Methods: Cases presenting with classical signs and symptoms of Siraja Granthi were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A was treated with Siravyadhana and Group B were subjected for Sahacharadi Basti. The data was collected before treatment and after 8th day and 30th days. The obtained data was statistically analyzed. Results: 20 patients in Group A, 93.33% reduction was seen in Shoola, while 93.02% reduction was found in Group B. In Gaurava 86.36% reduction was found in Group A and 85.71% reduction was seen in Group B. Shotha was decreased by 67.74% in Group A, while 62.65% in Group B. In Sira Utseda, 54.05% reduction was seen in Group A and 47.36% reduction in Group B. Conclusion: Group A, cases showed better improvement. Out of 20 patients, 2 patients got complete remission in Group A, 2 patients showed excellent response, while in Group B, 6 patients showed excellent response, In Group A and B, 11 and 8 patients showed good response respectively. In Group A and B, 5 and 6 patients showed moderate response.
Sushruta’s eight pearls for Infective Ulcer
Authors: S. Sathish H. , M. Rashmi T. , S. Thirunavukkarasu M. , B. Mithun , G. Narmada M.
Published: November 2017

A detailed review of ancient texts of Ayurveda connotes tremendous information on wound healing potentials of herbs being utilized by their different forms. This brings curiosity to learn more about the creative applications of herbs in various types of wounds. Probably this could be one among the several reasons which honors Sushruta, an Ancient Indian Surgeon as Father of Surgery. Wound dressing in various systems were compared not only on the basis of the rate of granulation tissue formed or the rate of wound healing but, also on the cost and duration of hospital stay of the patient which was considered as a measure of the morbidity of the patient. As per Ayurvedic texts, Wounds, Ulcers, Burns and Incision all are grouped under one term as ‘Vrana’, a defect in skin or mucous membrane being common in all of them. On the basis of stages of pathogenesis Vrana or ulcer has been divided as Dushta Vrana (Chronic / non healing / infected ulcer), Shuddhavrana (Healthy wound), Ruhyamana Vrana, Rudha Vrana (healed Vrana). Sushruta indicates eight pearls for Infective ulcer, these eight being the eight forms of medical therapeutics used locally to cleanse the ulcer and bring to healthy state.
Ayurvedic management of diabetic wound - A Case Study
Authors: Mishra Brijesh R. , Mishra Abhishek B.
Published: November 2017

India is the diabetic capital of the world gaining the status of a potential epidemic. 25% cases of diabetes mellitus turns into grievous complications like a diabetic foot. 5% of the entire lower limb surgeries are known to be amputation of the foot due to a diabetic wound (Dushtavrana). The treatment of a diabetic wound requires a team of a physician, a surgeon and an endocrinologist and measures are taken to control the sugars of the patient, however, to prevent further aggravation and worsening of the patients condition, foot amputation is considered as the final decision. However, Ayurvedic intervention proves to be a silver lining in the dark cloud of diabetic complications. Definitely, if done with full dedication by the physician and followed by the patient, amputation of the foot can be avoided and sugars can be controlled with visible healing of the skin. This case study will reveal the management of a diabetic wound through Antaha-Parimarjana (internal medications) and Bahir - Parimarjana (external applications) Chikitsa till the recovery.
Relato de pesquisa: uma leitura diplomática da evolução urbana de Salvador sob a ótica dos Termos de Alinhamentos e Vistorias (1724-1891)
Authors: Holthe Jan Maurício van
Published: November 2017

Este artigo consiste no relato do projeto de pesquisa desenvolvido com os Termos de Alinhamentos e Vistorias (1724-1891), extensa coleção de fontes primárias pertencentes ao Arquivo Histórico Municipal de Salvador (AHMS), visando preservar, em caráter definitivo, os registros documentais do antigo Senado da Câmara do município. Em função do precário estado de conservação do referido material, o trabalho, dispondo de recursos técnicos bastante simples – mas eficientes –, foi subdivido em três etapas: análise in loco dos documentos, captura de imagens digitais e posterior transcrição paleográfica diplomática. Ao final, com a doação ao AHMS de uma versão impressa de todos os documentos transcritos, junto com uma coleção de mídias contendo as fotografias coletadas durante o processo de manuseio dos volumes encadernados, esperamos poder contribuir para um maior conhecimento da evolução urbana de nosso município, bem como de aspectos distintos e variados de sua sociedade nos séculos XVIII e XIX.
DENÚNCIA DE UM OLHAR FALTANTE: O AUTISMO
Authors: Rovêa Indianara , Pretto Bernardete
Published: November 2017

Este artigo propõe-se a trabalhar a questão do olhar no autismo a partir da Psicanálise, entendendo o olhar enquanto circuito pulsional e o autista enquanto um sujeito que teve uma interrupção nesse processo. Além de um percurso bibliográfico entre autores como Marie-Christine Laznik, Nilson Sibemberg, Sigmund Freud, Frances Tustin e Jacques Lacan, faz-se uma análise de uma escultura de Ron Mueck, que expressa artisticamente o que está sendo abordado neste trabalho, ou seja, a falha na constituição do olhar do autista. Nesse sentido, entende-se que o olhar que o autista nega ao mundo foi, precocemente, negado a ele enquanto circuito pulsional na relação com o Outro.
A ESPERA NO CENTRO CIRÚRGICO: PERCEPÇÃO DO FAMILIAR
Authors: Arnhold Denise Teresinha , Lohmann Paula Michele , Pissaia Luis Felipe , Costa Arlete Eli Kunz da , Moreschi Claudete
Published: November 2017

Este trabalho possui tem por objetivo conhecer os principais sentimentos da família que espera em frente ao centro cirúrgico. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório e transversal, com abordagem qualitativa, foi entrevistado oito familiares, sendo a maioria do gênero feminino, estes aguardavam na sala de espera do Centro Cirúrgico de um hospital de médio porte do interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Obtiveram-se três temas: Percepção de quem aguarda o familiar que está no procedimento cirúrgico; Orientação recebida sobre o período da espera; O que fez enquanto esperava para amenizar algum tipo de desconforto. O estudo apresenta um novo espaço de atuação para o enfermeiro que pode ser utilizado de forma a qualificar e potencializar a atenção de enfermagem em sala de espera por conferir visibilidade à gestão do cuidado de enfermagem nas instituições de saúde, todas as respostas ratificaram os anseios da família e do paciente no contexto da realização de um procedimento cirúrgico.
PRINCIPAIS CARACTERÍSTICAS DAS GESTANTES DE ALTO RISCO DA REGIÃO CENTRAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Jantsch Paula Fernanda , Carreno Ioná , Pozzobon Adriane , Adami Fernanda Scherer , Leal Carolina De Souza , Mathias Ticiane Codevila da Silva , Ludwig Amanda Savaris , Bergo Pedro Henrique Fernandes
Published: November 2017

Introdução: No mundo, em torno de 20% das gestações apresentam uma evolução desfavorável, implicando em risco tanto para a mãe quanto para o bebê, caracterizando-se como gestação de alto risco. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil das gestantes de alto risco da l, Brasil. Metodologia: A presente pesquisa é um estudo do tipo descritivo-exploratório, transversal de caráter epidemiológico e quantitativo. A população deste estudo foram todos os prontuários das gestantes acompanhadas no ambulatório especializado região central do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2014. Resultados: Este estudo constatou que as doenças com maior prevalência são a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional, sendo que a maioria das gestantes era branca, com idade entre 30 e 39 anos e foram encaminhadas ao serviço entre o segundo e terceiro trimestre de gestação. Conclusões: Espera-se que os resultados dessa pesquisa auxiliem os profissionais que realizam atendimento diretamente com a saúde da gestante, para que desenvolvam um olhar mais detalhado para o perfil epidemiológico e as morbidades, com a finalidade de melhorar a assistência prestada a este tipo de paciente.
Problems and prospects of tourism clusters in the regions of the Northwestern Federal district
Authors: Печерица Елена , Pecheritsa Elena
Published: November 2017

The tourist potential of regions of the Northwestern Federal district (NWFD) is studied by the author in the context of the rating, compiled by the magazine "Rest in Russia" [“Otdykh v Rossii”] and the center for information communications "Rating", which has analyzed the tourist attractiveness of Russian regions. The article includes the table which shows the presence of the natural, cultural, and educational resources in NWFD for the development of a particular type of tourism and the available means of accommodation (their types and their quantity according to the three reservation system – Booking, Tripadvisor and Ostrovok). The analysis of this table concludes what types of tourism are in the priority for each subject of the Federal district. The main types of tourism developing in NWFD, according to the author, are the business tourism, cultural tourism, rural tourism, environmental tourism, water tourism and sport tourism. The article presents a SWOT analysis of the tourist-recreational complex of the NWFD which shows that the government should create conditions for tourism development. The author also analyses the impact of tourism clusters on the main areas of development of the region (economic, social and cultural, ecological and natural) and then the possibility of using the tourism resources potential of NWFD subjects. The main idea of the article is that tourism as a specific multiplicative sphere stimulates the development of other sectors of the economy such as: trade, catering, transport, agriculture, production of consumer goods, medical and other services. This fact acquires special importance in the conditions of economic instability and the need for economic growth. On the basis of the SWOT analysis the author proposes measures to the development of the tourism clusters in the regions of NWFD, which include the following: 1) infrastructure development in NWFD; 2) promotion program of NWFD and its regions separately; 3) the development of interregional cooperation and participation in projects for the creation of common tourist programs; 4) focus on the development of the most promising tourist destinations in the district. It is concluded that NWFD, filled with various tourist and recreational resources, has a convenient conditions for the establishment and development of tourist clusters, therefore the huge potential of the tourist market of NWFD is necessary to be used correctly, we should work on its development and increase inbound flows into the country. NWFD can attract not only Russian but also foreign tourists with its sufficient natural, cultural, environmental, educational resources.
Development of intercultural communication in tourism
Authors: Вапнярская Ольга , Vapnyarskaya Olga
Published: November 2017

The state policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of domestic and inbound tourism is quite active. The final Federal target program "Development of domestic and inbound tourism in the Russian Federation (2011–2018)" and the ongoing work on the project of the new program document proves that tourism is one of the priorities of the domestic economy. The current tourist industry and infrastructure have formed the basis for the development of a variety of tourist programs and routes. The competition between individual destinations and tourist product is significantly increasing. The key competitive advantage is the satisfaction of the tourist. Strategic approaches and operational activities to the promotion of Russian national tourist product in the international arena and in the domestic market require the transformation and implementation of systemic and targeted administration in the conditions of the growing market and the increasing competition in the tourism industry. The ability to offer the traveller not only interesting but also comfortable, safe, appropriate to the spiritual needs of the tourist product, becomes the main success factor of tourism companies. The article discusses the problems of implementing cross-cultural communication as a tool for creation of comfortable tourist environment.