bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PASIG RIVER WATER QUALITY ESTIMATION USING AN EMPIRICAL ORDINARY LEAST SQUARES REGRESSION MODEL OF SENTINEL-2 SATELLITE IMAGES
Authors: Escoto J. E. , Blanco A. C. , Argamosa R. J. , Medina J. M.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. This study entails generation of empirical ordinary least squares regression models to estimate water parameters. It uses remote sensing for environmental monitoring of Pasig River located in the Philippines. This uses measurements of primary water quality (WQ) parameters defined on Department of Environment and Natural Resources Administrative Order 2016-08 recorded on the Pasig River Unified Monitoring Stations (PRUMS) report from January to June of 2019. Sentinel-2 images are utilized to estimate biological oxygen demand (BOD), Chloride, Color, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Fecal Coliform, Nitrate, pH, Phosphate, Temperature, and Total suspended solids (TSS). Feature generation involved calculation of different band reflectances from the satellite image. Exhaustive feature selection through application of a Pearson Correlation threshold was applied to limit number of independent variables. The box-cox transformations of water quality parameters (except for Temperature) were used as dependent variables and the selected features are used as dependent variables for the ordinary least squares regression model. The root mean square error (RMSE) values for the models which are computed using the k-fold cross validation technique showed outliers, especially for the TSS model (>547000 mg/L), which made its average negative RMSE so large. Tests for multicollinearity, autocorrelation, and homoscedasticity indicated problems in models created. However, normality of residuals indicates that models allow us to roughly estimate water quality for the river as a whole with the advantages of remote sensing, enabling a better perspective for its spatial distribution.
3D crustal structure of the Ligurian Basin revealed by surface wave tomography using ocean bottom seismometer data
Authors: Wolf Felix N. , Lange Dietrich , Dannowski Anke , Thorwart Martin , Crawford Wayne , Wiesenberg Lars , Grevemeyer Ingo , Kopp Heidrun ,   the AlpArray Working Group
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The Liguro-Provençal basin was formed as a back-arc basin of
the retreating Calabrian–Apennines subduction zone during the Oligocene and
Miocene. The resulting rotation of the Corsica–Sardinia block is associated
with rifting, shaping the Ligurian Basin. It is still debated whether
oceanic or atypical oceanic crust was formed or if the crust is continental
and experienced extreme thinning during the opening of the basin. We perform
ambient noise tomography, also taking into account teleseismic events, using
an amphibious network of seismic stations, including 22 broadband ocean
bottom seismometers (OBSs), to investigate the lithospheric structure of the
Ligurian Basin. The instruments were installed in the Ligurian Basin for
8 months between June 2017 and February 2018 as part of the AlpArray
seismic network. Because of additional noise sources in the ocean, OBS data
are rarely used for ambient noise studies. However, we carefully pre-process
the data, including corrections for instrument tilt and seafloor compliance
and excluding higher modes of the ambient-noise Rayleigh waves. We calculate
daily cross-correlation functions for the AlpArray OBS array and surrounding
land stations. We also correlate short time windows that include teleseismic
earthquakes, allowing us to derive surface wave group velocities for longer
periods than using ambient noise only. We obtain group velocity maps by
inverting Green's functions derived from the cross-correlation of ambient
noise and teleseismic events, respectively. We then used the resulting 3D
group velocity information to calculate 1D depth inversions for S-wave
velocities. The group velocity and shear-wave velocity results compare well
to existing large-scale studies that partly include the study area. In onshore France, we observe a high-velocity area beneath the Argentera Massif,
roughly 10 km below sea level. We interpret this as the root of the
Argentera Massif. Our results add spatial resolution to known seismic
velocities in the Ligurian Basin, thereby augmenting existing seismic
profiles. In agreement with existing seismic studies, our shear-wave
velocity maps indicate a deepening of the Moho from 12 km at the
south-western basin centre to 20–25 km at the Ligurian coast in the north-east
and over 30 km at the Provençal coast. The maps also indicate that the
south-western and north-eastern Ligurian Basin are structurally separate. The
lack of high crustal vP/vS ratios beneath the south-western part of
the Ligurian Basin preclude mantle serpentinisation there.
Effects of oral myofunctional therapy on swallowing and sibilant production
Authors:   Capital Health Authority, Public Health Services , Edmonton, Alberta, Gommerman Shelley , Hodge Megan ,   University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta
Published: November 2021

This study investigated the effectiveness of oral myofunctional therapy in eliminating a 16 year-old girl's tongue thrust swallowing pattern and mild sibilant distortion. An ABC design was used where Phase A had eight baseline sessions (no treatment), Phase B had 14 oral myofunctional therapy sessions, and Phase Chad four articulation treatment sessions. Dependent measures of swallowing and sibilant production were obtained in each session. A third dependent variable, labial diadochokinetic rate, was also measured each session and served as a control for maturation. Oral myofunctional therapy was shown to be effective in eliminating the tongue thrust swallowing pattern of this subject, but not her sibilant distortion. However, her sibilant distortion reduced after one articulation treatment session and was maintained at negligible levels over the next three treatment sessions. As expected, labial diadochokinetic rate remained stable across the three phases. At the conclusion of Phase C, two bi-weekly home visits revealed that the subject had maintained and generalized her new swallowing pattern. Measures obtained six months after completion of Phase C indicated that the subject had maintained her new swallowing and speech production behaviors. The subject's maximal tongue strength and endurance were below expected normal values at the initiation of the study and increased during the study. Her tongue endurance appeared more sensitive to the effects of oral myofunctional training than tongue strength and, unlike tongue strength, tongue endurance decreased in the six month period following completion of the study.
Oral vibrotactile assessment procedures: Modifications
Authors:   Ohio University, Fucci Donald , Petrosino Linda
Published: November 2021

An ongoing process to develop oral vibrotactile instrumentation that can be standardized and used In practical assessment of the oral tactile sensory system was reported in The International Journal of Orofacial Myo/ogy in March, 1990, by Fucci, Petrosino, and Harris. The material presented in the present article reflects the current research and future direction that the development of this instrumentation is taking. Potential benefits of this instrumentation for individuals working in the area of orofacial myofunctional disorders are suggested.
Imaginación literaria y neoaristotelismo en los orígenes del proyecto filosófico de Martha Nussbaum
Authors: Pinedo Cantillo Iván Alfonso , Yáñez Canal Jaime
Published: November 2021

La imaginación literaria y su relación con la vida moral ocupa un lugar destacado dentro del proyecto filosófico de Martha Nussbaum. Desde sus años de estudios doctorales en Harvard, la filósofa encontró importantes eslabonamientos entre las tramas narrativas y un sentido normativo de la vida que emerge al contemplar diversos personajes que actúan en la contingencia, y que ponen al descubierto nuestra radical vulnerabilidad. De acuerdo con esto, en este artículo se reconstruyen aspectos importantes de la herencia cultural que  Martha Nussbaum recibe de la literatura y la filosofía griega antiguas, haciendo un énfasis en la manera como la autora establece innovadoras conexiones entre la imaginación literaria y la filosofía práctica de Aristóteles para cimentar un proyecto filosófico que hoy en día brinda luces para comprender aspectos de nuestra vida emocional, y de nuestra aspiración a construir sociedades más justas y solidarias.
Perceptions of Pre-Service Teachers Regarding the Model Eliciting Activities
Authors: Saglam Kaya Yasemin
Published: November 2021

This study aims to examine the perceptions of pre-service mathematics teachers about mathematical modelling activities. Participants of the study comprised 23 pre-service mathematics teachers who undertook a course on mathematical modelling. A 12-hour mathematical modelling course revealed the perceptions of participants. After it, the participants found/developed a modelling problem and explained why they evaluated it as a model eliciting activity (MEA). MEA found/developed by participants were examined by taking the principles of developing MEA into consideration. Results showed that many participants considered having more than one solution, the principle based on real-life context, and suitability for group work for MEA. The participants did not focus on the model documentation principle. Based on this result, faculty members can help pre-service teachers by using activities that can be considered appropriate for this principle in modelling education.
Trauma and Development Education Monitor: et nytt instrument for å måle traumekompetanse
Authors: Nordanger Dag Øystein , Gjestad Rolf , Solhaug Pål , Andersen Anette , Bræin Mari Kjølseth , Johannessen Kaja Næss , Lundegaard Anders , Ormhaug Silje Mørup , Andersson Grethe Janicke , Gran Jorunn , Hafstad Gertrud Sofie , Hanssen Tina , Johansen Venke Agnes , Simonsen Ane Heiberg , Steinkopf Heine , Johansson Espen Rutle
Published: November 2021

There is a need to assess whether the resources invested in building trauma competence in services actually lead to higher levels of competence. For this purpose, we have developed an instrument called the Trauma and Development Education Monitor (TANDEM). The present article presents the process behind developing the instrument and an initial study of its psychometric properties. The tested version consisted of 59 items distributed across the domains of readiness, agency, reflexivity, knowledge, practice and culture at work. Based on responses from 415 professionals in relevant services, concept and criterion validity was examined through reliability analyses, factor analyses and regression analyses. Based on the analyses, the tested version was reduced to 54 items in the final version, distributed across the same six domains. As dimensions, the domains generally showed good scale reliability, and for the final version factor analyses confirmed a one-dimensional model for all domains. The instrument discriminated between respondents who reported more versus less previously received trauma competence building and showed specificity as a measure of trauma versus more general competence. The results indicate that TANDEM has the potential to become a useful tool in endeavours to implement trauma competence in services, as well as in research activities in this field.

Keywords: trauma, competence, instrument, validity

Merknad: Forfatterne oppgir ingen interesse­konflikter

Fagfellevurdert
Bernard Shaw, New Journalist (1885–1898)
Authors: Gahan Peter
Published: November 2021

As Shaw's authorized biographer Archibald Henderson put it in the second of three biographies: “While Shaw may have a dozen labels—art critic, music critic, drama critic, novelist, dramatist, rationalist, Socialist, publicist, harlequin, sage, statesman, prophet—he has only one profession: journalism.”1 Especially remembered now for his achievements as playwright, whether in the vanguard of the New Drama at the end of the nineteenth century or as the established dramatist of world fame throughout the first half of the twentieth, Shaw worked first and last as a journalist in a working life stretching seventy-five years. Dan H. Laurence devoted nearly three hundred pages of the second volume of Bernard Shaw: A Bibliography (1983) itemizing Shaw's contributions to newspapers and periodicals between 1875 and 1950, amounting to almost four thousand entries.2 For fourteen of those years, from 1885 to 1898, he led the career of a full-time journalist, mostly as a critic of the fine arts, but criticism was by no means the whole story of Bernard Shaw's fourteen-year career as a full-time journalist sketched out in what follows.
Vidas entre a ficção e a realidade
Authors: Bechler Reinaldo Guilherme
Published: November 2021

O extermínio de mais de seis milhões de judeus e de vários outros páreas sociais nos “campos de trabalho”1 construídos pelo regime nacional-socialista alemão durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial foi, sem dúvida, um dos acontecimentos históricos que marcaram o século XX e, não por acaso, tornou-se tema bastante explorado histórica e historiograficamente a partir de então. A chamada “Solução Final” foi implementada graças a um auspicioso projeto logístico desenvolvido desde meados da década de 1930 que, baseado em argumentos raciais e eugênicos bastante em voga no período, “recrutou”, localizou, transportou e eliminou esse contingente tão grande de pessoas (sobretudo nos últimos anos do conflito) sem despertar grande alarde na opinião pública mundial. O presente trabalho discutirá algumas questões relativas à História da Ciência em um filme propagandístico que contribuiu para a formação desse processo de letargia social sobre a realidade vivida em instituições como Auschwitz, Dachau e tantas outras.
An Analysis on the Implementation for Covid-19 Vaccine Program in Bogor City Indonesia
Authors: Yuliarty Dessy
Published: November 2021

The covid-19 outbreak has been impacted the foundation of human life that encompasses social, economic, political, and environmental including in Bogor city. Bogor government efforts have been undertaken to ameliorate this condition but yet no significant improvement to stop this pandemic. However, the Covid-19 vaccine program initiated by the government has given a positive impact to reduce the positivity rate in Bogor city. Although there are some issues this vaccine program continues to sustain amid uncertainties. This paper, therefore, aims to explore some implementation of the Covid-19 vaccine program in Bogor city and analyze its impact on the positivity rate of Covid-19. To meet this objective, this paper employs a qualitative approach through literature review to unveil the real implementation of the vaccine program in Bogor city. This paper finds that the vaccine program of Covid-19 has not been able to stop completely the Covid-19 outbreak. There are some problems such as literacy and perception of the public towards this vaccine program, the availability of human resources to support this program, and lastly lack of sufficient funds to succeed this vaccine program. This paper implies that hospitals, clinics, and other health institutions must be supported by proper regulation to enhance vaccine programs particularly to provide qualified human resources since the positivity rate tend to increase and sufficient fund in the form of incentives for medical employees.
Implementation of Government Policies to Handling The Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Dwirara Anggraini Tivalen
Published: November 2021

The spread and addition of COVID-19 cases are certainly dangerous. Government policies and commitments from the community play an important role in the process of accelerating the handling of COVID-19. This study aims to review the policies that have been issued by the government to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic and the public to these policies. The method used in this study is a literature review. The results of this study indicate that various policies have been issued by the government in handling COVID-19 such as policies for implementing health protocols, Large-Scale Social Restrictions, and policies for fulfilling COVID-19 vaccinations in the community. The research concludes that the government and the role of the community are very important that their existence greatly influences the implementation of these policies. Public awareness is the key to success in breaking the transmission of the coronavirus, the government needs to make firm policies in efforts to handle COVID-19, and education to the public must be carried out massively.
Influence of Quality of Health Services on Patient Satisfaction in Islamic Hospital "X" in 2021
Authors: Hastomo Putra Dwiki , Firdaus Fauzan , Dzikri Mustofa Muhammad , Uweis Al-Qorny Virdinant Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Hospital is a health service institution that provides complete individual health services that provide inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services. Indeed, a health service provider can provide maximum service by the expectations and desires of patients. This research is in the form of qualitative and uses a Cross-Sectional study to see the relationship between the quality of services provided to patient satisfaction at Islamic Hospital X in 2021. The data collection procedure was carried out by observation, interviews, and literature studies that took place from May to July 2021. The results showed that based on the dimensions of Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurances, It can be seen from the alertness indicators of health workers, the availability of adequate and modern medical devices, communication skills of health workers, the appearance of health workers, in general, showing good results and leading to patient satisfaction with the services received at Islamic Hospital X in 2021.
Overview of The Lifestyle of Hypertension Patients
Authors: Ramadhan Sri , Nurfitriyani Adinda , Silfiani Eka , Rahmawati Tiara , Fauziah Munaya
Published: November 2021

Hypertension is influenced by several factors such as gender, age, genetics, family history of the disease, excessive salt intake, smoking habits, less than optimal diet (quality and quantity), lack of physical activity, and excessive body weight. The world health organization (WHO) shows that in world data about 39.6% of people suffer from hypertension. Hypertension is usually experienced by late adults or the elderly. According to Riskesdas, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia was 25.8% in 2007 with age > 18 years. Research conducted in Jakarta shows that the prevalence of hypertension reaches 20%. Researchers are interested in studying the relationship between lifestyle and the incidence of hypertension. This study aims to determine the description of the lifestyle of patients with hypertension. This study uses a qualitative method by collecting data from interviews which are expressed in words or writing. This study is a study conducted on 4 people with hypertension. The time of the research took place in June 2021. The results of the study obtained that lifestyle greatly affects the incidence of hypertension. Physical activity research was obtained from 4 respondents, most respondents rarely do physical activity and most of them consume foods that are high in salt content.
Exploring Sustainability Reports in The Indonesian Palm Oil Industry
Authors: Soleha Nurhayati , Rosiana Rita
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to assess the quality and maturity of sustainability reports of palm oil companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).  The findings indicate that there are few differences in the maturity levels of palm oil companies in implementing sustainability reporting based on GRI standards and the maturity sustainability reporting at a moderate level of relevant information. The majority of disclosure of sustainability reports is general disclosures and less present in economic and environmental disclosures. Companies need to improve the quality of their sustainability reporting and strengthen the validity of the measurement. Sustainability reports have the potential to improve the sustainability agenda by allowing management and shareholders to make more informed decisions about sustainability initiatives.
Fertilizer integration on cacao cum rubber: implications on cacao growth, yield, disease occurrence and profitability
Authors: Jr Noe S Mamon
Published: November 2021

This study was conducted to enhance the growth and yield performance of cacao trees under mature rubber for one (1) fruiting season through the integration of urea and vermicompost. The experimental design was set in factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with a total of 15 treatment combinations. The treatments were three rates of urea (0, 100 and 200 g/tree) and five rates of vermicompost (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 kg/tree). The trunk circumference, leaf length and width, number of pods developed and harvested, pod and bean character, soil OM%, leaf Nitrogen content and prevalence of pest and diseases were evaluated. The application of 200g urea per tree produced significant increase from 4.86 to 8.44 kg (73.66% increase) in weight of harvested pods and from 23.32 to 26.40 g/pod (13.21% increase) dry bean weight and significant decrease in the pod index from 43.39 to 38.45 (11.36% decrease). Moreover, the heaviest and thickest pod husk was obtained from plants applied with 100 grams urea + 1.5 kg vermicompost. The highest mean number of beans/pod was obtained from trees applied with 100 â€“ 200 g urea + 1.5 â€“ 3.0 kg vermicompost.Â  The soil organic matter content (%) and leaf N was slightly increased by application of fertilizer treatments.Â Pod borer infestation and nematode population were significantly affected by application of urea and vermicompost. Application of 100 g urea/tree or 3.5 bags/ha gave the highest return of investment and was the most profitable source of nutrient.
Several Remarks Regarding “Io” and Invocatio Verbalis from the Wallachian Documents before 1500
Authors: Marius Ilie Liviu
Published: November 2021

The Wallachian princes’ names were preceded in most of their charters by a short word (“Io”). Although many historians tried to find its origin in the proper noun “Ioan–Ioannes”, Marin Tadin suggested that “Io” might come from the short form of the invocatio verbalis (“In the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit”), the first letters of the Slavonic words “name” and “father” being united in the particle “Io”. This article tries to analyze whether the Wallachian documents before 1500 contain invocatio verbalis and if so, how many of these documents were issued by Wallachian princes whose names were preceded by “Io”.
Parents’ Involvement in High-Stakes Language Assessment A Review of Test Impact on Parent Behavior
Authors: Zhang Jing
Published: November 2021

This paper reviews a total of 20 empirical research studies concerning parents’ behavior under the context of high-stakes language assessment, aiming to reveal the impact of the assessment on parents’ behavior. The results show that (1) parents are typically involved in high-stakes language assessment process; (2) their involvement practice includes general (such as hiring tutors for children) and extreme involvement behavior (such as participating in movement against high-stakes testing); (3) no unanimous conclusion is reached concerning the effectiveness of parents’ involvement in high-stakes language assessment; (4) multiple factors that affect parents’ involvement in high-stakes language assessment are identified, including parents’ perceptions of tests, their educational background, and the time they spend with their children. This study concludes that tests might influence the ways parents are involved in children’s education. However, not all parents might be influenced by testing, and testing might have a positive impact on some parents but a negative impact on others. This synthesis has several practical implications. Firstly, it indicates that parents’ involvement behavior in the context of high-stakes language assessment deserves to be further investigated. Secondly, it points that various intervention programs should be provided for parents to help them better support their children’s learning and test preparation. The paper also offers several suggestions for future research.

 
Characteristics of Atmospheric Particle-bound Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds over the Himalayan Middle Hills: Implications for Sources and Health Risk Assessment
Authors: Maharjan Linda , Tripathee Lekhendra , Kang Shichang , Ambade Balram , Chen Pengfei , Zheng Huijun , Li Quanlian , Shrestha Kundan Lal , Sharma Chhatra Mani
Published: November 2021

This study was conducted in the Central Himalayan middle hills to understand the nature of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) embedded in aerosol particles, their sources and human health risk assessments. The level of sum of 15 particle-phase PAHs was between 9 and 335 ng/m3, with an average concentration of 73±66 ng/m3. There were strong seasonal differences in total suspended particles (TSP) and particle-bound PAH concentrations with higher concentrations in winter, followed by pre-monsoon and lowest in monsoon. The main contributor to the suspended particles was 5-ring PAHs (32%), followed by 4-ring (29%), 6-ring (28%), and 3-ring PAHs (11%). Conversely, the gas-phase PAHs showed that 3-ring PAHs contributed utmost to the total particles. The molecular ratios and principal component analysis indicated that both petrogenic and pyrogenic sources, particularly fossil fuel combustion, biomass combustion, and car exhausts, were the major sources of PAHs. The overall average Benzo (a)pyrene equivalent concentration of particulate PAHs was 11.71 ng/m3, which substantially exceeded the WHO guideline (1 ng/m3), and indicated the potential health risks for local residents. The average lifetime inhalation cancer risk (ILCR) estimates associated with carcinogenic PAHs was 8.78×10−6 for adults, suggesting the possible cancer risk and 2.47×10−5 for children, signifying extreme carcinogenic effects of PAHs on children’s health. Therefore, strict measures should be taken to reduce PAHs emissions in the region.
Problemy kształtowania kolorystyki elewacji zabytkowych wrocławskich kamienic mieszczańskich przełomu XIX i XX w. –
analiza na wybranych przykładach
Authors: Pierścionek Barbara
Published: November 2021

artykule poruszono tematykę rewaloryzacji wrocławskich kamienic, głównie o rodowodzie XIX-wiecznym. Obecnie jednym z istotnych problemów konserwatorskich jest kolor fasad budynków, szczególnie tynkowanych, często znacznie odbiegający od pierwotnej kolorystyki obiektów. Autorka zwróciła uwagę na odrestaurowane w przeciągu ostatnich lat elewacje kamienic zlokalizowanych w bliskim sąsiedztwie wrocławskiego Starego Miasta oraz dawnych przedmieść: Odrzańskiego, Piaskowego i Oławskiego, którym przywrócono dawną świetność. W wielu obiektach z sukcesem odtworzono oraz wyeksponowano detal architektoniczny i pierwotną fakturę materiału, a także kolorystykę, popartą rzetelnymi badaniami struktury tynku. Są także przykłady „nowych” aranżacji historycznych elewacji. Zwartą niegdyś zabudowę kwartałową już od czasów powojennych zaczęto uzupełniać plombami, mniej lub bardziej udanymi
w formie oraz pod względem kolorystycznym, często bez wzięcia pod uwagę uwarunkowań historycznych oraz kontekstu miejsca. W artykule zostaną omówione wybrane przykłady kamie-nic mieszczańskich, objęte masterplanem dzielnicy Nadodrze, odrestaurowane w pierwszych latach realizacji tzw. Programu stu kamienic.
Particulate matter exposure and non-cancerous inhalation health risk assessment of major dumpsites of Owerri metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Opara Alexander Iheanyichukwu , Akaolisa Casmir Zanders , Akakuru Chigozie Osita , Nkwoada Amarachi Udoka , Ibe Francis Chizoruo , Verla Andrew Wirnkor , Chukwuemeka Ikechukwu Chigozie
Published: November 2021

Numerous particulates are released from the dumpsites in Owerri metropolis and later dispersed to other areas in the environment where they cause adverse health challenges to the inhabitants. To analyze the PM concentrations, field measurements were carried out at seven major dumpsites in Owerri metropolis. Estimates of the possible health risks as the result of exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10, etc.) were performed using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) human health risk assessment framework. A scenario assessment approach in which normal exposure and worst-case scenario were adopted for acute and chronic exposure periods for infants, children, and adults were carried out. The concentrations of PM 2.5 which ranged from 122.30-501.76 μg/m3 at the dumpsites exceeded the WHO 24hr annual mean maximum exposure limit. The Nigerian National Ambient Air Quality Standard allowable limit for PM10 was exceeded by most of the dumpsites. Hazard quotient > 1 was exceeded for PM 2.5 by nearly all dumpsites and is therefore likely to cause health challenges to people in the vicinity of the dumpsites. The results showed that under monthly conditions, both PM2.5 and PM10 concentration levels at the dumpsites have the potential to cause adverse health effects for infants, children, and adults on acute or chronic bases. Actions should be taken to regulate such PM exposure and to raise public awareness for the inhabitants of the affected areas. In conclusion, regular monitoring is therefore recommended to decrease the ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations in the study area.
Aplicação de Sistema Embarcado Linux em Chatbot Acadêmico
Authors: Abreu Ana C. S. , Nascimento Erik J. F. do , Lira Filipe A. , Jucá Sandro C. S.
Published: November 2021

Frequentemente é observado barreiras de comunicação e transmissão de informações nas instituições de ensino superior. Agentes conversacionais voltados ao atendimento aos alunos podem ser utilizados para superar esses problemas, mas ainda existem muitas universidades que não aderiram à tecnologia. Neste estudo são abordados os desafios enfrentados pelos estudantes da instituição de ensino e é apresentado "Kinho", um chatbot que orienta os usuários sobre o funcionamento do espaço acadêmico. "Kinho" foi desenvolvido para ser executado em um sistema embarcado baseado no Raspberry Pi. O chatbot utiliza dos conceitos de NLP para realizar o processo de entendimento das perguntas e então responder adequadamente ao usuário. Experimentos de testes com o sistema mostraram uma grande aceitação da solução por parte da comunidade acadêmica interna.
Logicæ: Um jogo educativo sobre portas lógicas
Authors: Lima Luís R. Santos de , Abdalla Kalyf
Published: November 2021

Jogos educacionais são ferramentas relevantes no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e podem tornar o ensino de circuitos lógicos mais lúdico. Assumindo isso, este trabalho propõe o desenvolvimento de um jogo educativo para o ensino de circuitos lógicos. O jogo proposto, chamado Logicæ, está disponível nas plataformas: Desktop (sistemas operacionais Linux, e Microsoft Windows), móveis (sistemas operacionais Android), e WEB. Uma vez que a mecânica do jogo permite a simulação de portas lógicas de forma lúdica e interativa, espera-se que Logicæ facilite o ensino de circuitos lógicos nas disciplinas de Arquitetura de computadores, Algoritmos e Lógica de Programação, e Linguagem de Programação. Entretanto, Logicæ não foi aplicado em uma disciplina até o momento; consequentemente, a eficácia do jogo como ferramenta de ensino requer avaliação adequada.
Covid-19 und Machtübergänge im internationalen System
Authors: von Hauff Luba
Published: November 2021

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Frage, ob und wie die Covid-19-Pandemie die Machtverteilung im internationalen System beeinflusst hat, mit besonderem Augenmerk auf Chinas globales Engagement in dieser Hinsicht. Machtverteilung und -ausübung im internationalen System, so ist das Argument der vorliegenden Analyse, zeichnet sich vor allem im Rahmen der Bereitstellung globaler Kollektivgüter. Wer diese kontrolliert, kontrolliert die Ordnung und damit die Hierarchie innerhalb eines Systems. Wer die Kontrolle verliert, riskiert Verdrängung. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Weichen für einen Übergang vom Westen zum Nichtwesten schon bereitstehen - ob China die Chance allerdings langfristig nutzen kann, bleibt abzusehen.
Aus- und Weiterbildung mit Engagementprojekten
Authors: Schöffmann Dieter
Published: November 2021

In diesem Aufsatz werden die Potenziale dargelegt, die Lernprojekte aus dem gemeinnüt- zigen Sektor für die Aus- und Weiterbildung bzw. die Personalentwicklung von Unterneh- men bieten. Es wird der Unterschied zwischen dem methodischen Ansatz des „Lernens in fremden Welten“ und dem des gesellschaftlichen Unternehmensengagements mit sei- nem Personal herausgearbeitet. Die systematische Vorgehensweise zur Konzeption und Realisierung von Lernprojekten wird beschrieben und verschiedene Lernformate werden vorgestellt.
Developing a Carbon Market
Authors: Trennepohl Natascha
Published: November 2021

Scaling up carbon pricing initiatives is essential, especially in times of a fragmented climate regime, carbon border adjustment mechanisms, and a growing need to increase ambition and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This book starts with the international climate framework and explores the design elements and main legal challenges of implementing the emissions trading system in Europe, particularly in Germany, as well as the positive elements that could be transferred to other countries, especially Brazil, when structuring this kind of carbon pricing initiative.
Significant bean bacteriosis
Authors: Vlajić Slobodan , Ignjatov Maja , Milošević Dragana , Nikolić Zorica , Vasiljević Sanja
Published: November 2021

Beans are an important plant species that is grown in our agroecological conditions. One of the significant factors in the reduction and quality of yield are phytopathogenic bacteria that appear on leaves, stems, pods and seeds. Also, one of the reasons for the frequent incidence of the disease is the use of seeds that are not declared, and very often infected. In our conditions, depending on the environmental conditions, two species from the genus Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas predominantly appear. Species Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, the causal agent of common bacterial blight is affected by warmer and wet conditions, while the species Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola is affected by colder weather and humid conditions. Other bacteria that appear are of minor economic importance.
The efficiency of public expenditure and economic growth in the countries of the Western Balkans
Authors: Prole Ljiljana , Petković Dragana
Published: November 2021

The countries of the Western Balkans are facing a number of challenges. One of the most acute ones, certainly, is improving the efficiency of public expenditure. Having this in mind, the main research objective of the paper is to present the interdependence between public expenditure and economic growth in the Western Balkans. In addition, the analysis is focused on the efficiency of public expenditure in the group of the above-stated countries, as well as the relationship between the size of public expenditure and its efficiency in these countries. Data from the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the World Economic Forum were used for the analysis. The results reveal that this interdependence in the countries of the Western Balkans, in addition to different intensity, has a different direction.
Derecho Comparado Europeo: razones para una «comparación reforzada» y papel del TJUE
Authors: Ragone Sabrina
Published: November 2021

Este artículo ofrece una reconstrucción crítica del fundamento conceptual y comparativo del Derecho Europeo, presentando dos ideas innovadoras. Por un lado, la autora profundiza en la existencia de un «núcleo» del espacio jurídico europeo, que es especialmente propenso a una comparación exitosa y metodológicamente sólida, proporcionando una triple justificación de su razonamiento. Esta justificación se basa en el marco normativo e institucional único de la UE, en la superposición de interconexiones entre los sistemas jurídicos y en la evolución de la metodología de la doctrina europea. Por otro lado, la autora se centra en el papel del TJUE, alejándose de estudios previos sobre el uso del derecho comparado y proponiendo un nuevo enfoque para la selección de casos y la aplicación de la comparación jurídica.
La paridad de género en el proceso constituyente chileno: alcances, expectativas y desafíos
Authors: Ponce de León Solís Viviana
Published: November 2021

En este artículo se analiza la regla que garantiza la paridad en la integración del órgano que redactará una nueva Constitución para Chile, como mecanismo de superación de estructuras patriarcales, diseñado en respuesta al descontento masivo expresado por la ciudadanía en general y por las organizaciones feministas durante el denominado «estallido social» chileno. El análisis comienza con una aproximación general a la idea de paridad y una descripción de las condiciones que hicieron posible la adopción de la regla de paridad. Luego, prosigue con un examen de la formula electoral de la paridad y la manera en que conduce a resultados paritarios tanto en la declaración de listas de candidaturas como en la asignación efectiva de escaños. Finalmente, se discuten las expectativas y los desafíos que conlleva la paridad. La principal conclusión de esta investigación es que aunque la fórmula de paridad resulta prometedora, por sí sola no asegura una Constitución con enfoque de género. Su efectivo potencial transformador depende sobre todo de factores de diseño procedimental e institucional y de la capacidad de las organizaciones de mujeres de formar alianzas estratégicas en las que se reconozca y priorice la especificidad de las demandas feministas
Excisional lipectomy versus liposuction in HIV-associated lipodystrophy
Authors: Barton Natalie , Moore Ryan , Prasad Karthik , Evans Gregory
Published: November 2021

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipodystrophy is a known consequence of long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, a significant number of patients on HAART therapy were left with the stigmata of complications, including fat redistribution. Few studies have described the successful removal of focal areas of lipohypertrophy with successful outcomes. This manuscript reviews the outcomes of excisional lipectomy versus liposuction for HIV-associated cervicodorsal lipodystrophy.

Methods We performed a 15-year retrospective review of HIV-positive patients with lipodystrophy. Patients were identified by query of secure operative logs. Data collected included demographics, medications, comorbidities, duration of HIV, surgical intervention type, pertinent laboratory values, and the amount of tissue removed.

Results Nine male patients with HIV-associated lipodystrophy underwent a total of 17 procedures. Of the patients who underwent liposuction initially (n=5), 60% (n=3) experienced a recurrence. There were a total of three cases of primary liposuction followed by excisional lipectomy. One hundred percent of these cases were noted to have a recurrence postoperatively, and there was one case of seroma formation. Of the subjects who underwent excisional lipectomy (n=4), there were no documented recurrences; however, one patient’s postoperative course was complicated by seroma formation.

Conclusions HIV-associated lipodystrophy is a disfiguring complication of HAART therapy with significant morbidity. Given the limitations of liposuction alone as the primary intervention, excisional lipectomy is recommended as the primary treatment. Liposuction may be used for better contouring and for subsequent procedures. While there is a slightly higher risk for complications, adjunctive techniques such as quilting sutures and placement of drains may be used in conjunction with excisional lipectomy.
Experiences and attitudes toward aesthetic procedures in East Asia: a cross-sectional survey of five geographical regions
Authors: Kwon Soo-Ha , Lao William Wei-Kai , Lee Che-Hsiung , Hsu Angela Ting-Wei , Koide Satomi , Chen Hsing-Yu , Cho Ki-Hyun , Tanaka Eiko , Cheon Young-Woo , Chang Tommy Nai-Jen
Published: November 2021

Background The demand for aesthetic procedures continues to grow globally, particularly in East Asian countries. The popularity of specific aesthetic procedures varies, however, depending on the particular East Asian geographical region being studied. This study aimed to evaluate the experiences of and attitudes toward aesthetic procedures in five East Asian countries/regions, including China, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.

Methods To recruit participants, an online questionnaire was designed and distributed on social media networks between May 2015 and March 2016. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, version 22.0.

Results A total of 3,088 people responded (approximately 600 in each country/region). Of these, 940 participants (47.8%) responded that they had experienced at least one aesthetic procedure in the past. Taiwan had the highest number of participants who had experienced at least one procedure (264/940, 41%), with primarily non-surgical experiences. Only in South Korea did surgical cosmetic experiences exceed non-surgical cosmetic experiences (55.9% vs. 44.1%). The popularity of particular procedures and the motivation for undergoing aesthetic procedures varied by country.

Conclusions The popularity of aesthetic procedures continues to evolve. Similar trends were observed across the East Asian regions; however, each country had its unique demands and preferences. The information provided by this study can help aesthetic plastic surgeons further understand the patients in their corresponding region, customize their practice, and develop the requisite skills.
Secondary nipple reconstruction using two surgical techniques
Authors: Chung Jae-Ho , Kim Da-Som , Yeo Hyun-Dong , Jung Seung-Pil , Park Seung-Ha , Yoon Eul-Sik
Published: November 2021

Background Although the initial projection after primary nipple reconstruction is excellent, nipple projection gradually flattens in most cases due to multiple causes. Although various methods have been reported to rebuild the nipple after nipple flattening, the most effective method of secondary nipple reconstruction remains unknown. The aim of this study was to review our institution’s experiences with secondary nipple reconstruction.

Methods We conducted a retrospective review from March 2012 to January 2019. We performed secondary nipple reconstruction if the primary reconstructed nipple height differed by more than 6 mm from the normal nipple height. We chose the method of nipple revision according to the degree of tissue scarring and the remaining nipple projection.

Results We performed secondary nipple reconstruction on a total of 27 nipples, using pursestring sutures for 19 nipples and star flaps in eight nipples. The median follow-up period was 8 months (range, 6–19 months) after the final nipple reconstruction. Among the 19 nipples reconstructed using purse-string sutures, 10 (53%) demonstrated acceptable projection of more than 5 mm. Among the eight nipples reconstructed using star flaps, six (75%) showed acceptable projection of more than 5 mm. Most of the patients (73%) were satisfied (scores of 4 or 5) with the nipple reconstruction overall.

Conclusions Few studies have presented favorable outcomes of secondary nipple reconstruction. When the star flap and purse-string suture methods were used depending on the remaining nipple height and scarring, appropriate projection could be achieved.
Reconstruction of congenital microtia after ear canaloplasty using V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap
Authors: Park Hae Yeon , Lee Kyeong-Tae , Kim Eun-Ji , Oh Kap Sung
Published: November 2021

Background Reconstruction of congenital microtia remains challenging, particularly in patients with a history of ear canaloplasty due to insufficient regional soft tissue. The insertion of a tissue expander prior to implantation of the cartilage framework has traditionally been employed. However, this procedure could induce additional morbidity. Herein, we present a method using V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap to gain additional soft tissue in these challenging cases.

Methods Congenital microtia patients with a history of ear canaloplasty who underwent auricular reconstruction using the Nagata technique between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed. To obtain additional soft tissue, V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap was performed concurrently with implantation of the costal cartilage framework, without prior insertion of a tissue expander. The outcomes of these patients with respect to postoperative complications and esthetics were evaluated.

Results Eight patients with bilateral lesions were included. No specific complications developed after the first-stage surgery. However, one patient experienced complications after the second stage (auricular elevation). An analysis of the esthetic results showed most patients had excellent outcomes, achieving a satisfactory convolution. The median number of operations needed to complete reconstruction was 2, which was fewer than required using the conventional method with prior insertion of a tissue expander.

Conclusions In patients with a history of previous canaloplasty, V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap could serve as an alternative to tissue expansion for microtia reconstruction. This technique provided reliable and satisfactory results with a reduced number of surgical stages.
Radial forearm free flap in a patient with an unusual radial artery variation: a case report
Authors: Menichini Giulio , Calabrese Sara , Alfonsi Nicola , Innocenti Marco
Published: November 2021

Head and neck reconstruction poses unique challenges in rehabilitating surgical defects in terms of integrity, function, and form. The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) has been widely used for defect coverage, especially in the head and neck area, but its versatility allows it to be used for soft-tissue reconstruction in various parts of the body. The vascular features of the flap are quite constant and reliable. Nevertheless, abnormalities of the forearm vascular tree have been described over the decades. We report a case of intraoral reconstruction after verrucous carcinoma recurrence in a 74-year-old woman with an unusual forearm flap, which we called the median forearm free flap, based on a median branch of the radial artery that was preoperatively detected using handheld Doppler ultrasonography. The distally located skin paddle was predominantly supplied by the aberrant median vessel with its perforators. The flap was thus safely harvested with this atypical pedicle. Successful reconstruction of the intraoral defect was achieved, with an uneventful postoperative course.
Robotic harvest of a latissimus dorsi flap using a single-port surgical robotic system in breast reconstruction
Authors: Joo Oh Young , Song Seung Yong , Lew Dae Hyun , Park Hyung Seok , Lee Dong Won
Published: November 2021

Robot-assisted surgery is evolving to incorporate a higher number of minimally invasive techniques. There is a growing interest in robotic breast reconstruction that uses autologous tissue. Since a traditional latissimus dorsi (LD) flap leads to a long donor scar, which can be an unpleasant burden to patients, there have been many attempts to decrease the scar length using minimally invasive approaches. This study presents the case of a patient who underwent a robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy followed by immediate breast reconstruction with an LD flap using a single-port robotic surgery system. With the assistance of a single-port robot, a simple docking process using a short and less visible incision is possible. Compared to multiport surgery systems, single-port robots can reduce the possibility of collision between robotic arms and provide a clear view of the medial border of the LD where the curvature of the back restricts the visual field. We recommend the use of single-port robots as a minimally invasive approach for harvesting LD flaps.