bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Museologisk poesi
Authors: Grasskamp Walter
Published: August 2018

Den förträfflige Walter Grasskamp (se 95/1) avslöjade en gång att han samlade på kriminalromaner, där brottsplatsen var ett museum, eller dar museimiljöer forekom. En hängiven läsare av Nordisk Museologi har fört fram tanken att vi borde förgylla våra grå(?) ordmassor med en annan sorts skönlitteratur - genom att samla och återge dikter som pa ett eller annat satt associerar till museologi.
At svare plakaten igen. En omgivelsesorienteret strategi for kuratering af plakater og grafisk design
Authors: Christensen Line Hjorth
Published: August 2018

This article investigates the change of context and meaning makingprocess that occurs when posters are turned into objects for curatorial practice.Based on historical and recent examples of poster exhibitions it suggests ascheme for curatorial work in regard to posters and graphic design lendingfrom phenomenologically and materially orientated theories that give priorityto sensorial aspects of the exhibition media. Further it introduces the concept“counterability” (da.: “gengældelse”, “modydelse”) as a tool for discussing howposters’ dependency on the living environments can be transferred for curatorialpurposes. Finally, the concept is discussed in regard to the exhibition Spot On!British Posters of the Interwar Years which in 2015 was held at the Danish PosterMuseum in Den Gamle By (The Old Town) in Aarhus.
What’s in a museum name? A study of name changes among Danish museums
Authors: Schmeltz Line , Kjeldsen Anna Karina
Published: August 2018

In recent years, Danish museums have experienced ideological, political and structural changes. Simultaneously, a wave of name changes has swept over the field. From a branding perspective, the change and choice of new name can be understood as an attempt to stand out from the group of museums. Conversely, from an institutional perspective, the name change can be perceived as a way to claim membership of the transformed museum landscape. This paper presents a study of ten public museums that have all recently changed their names. Findings suggest that name change is employed as a means to claim category, territory but also distinctiveness. Further, the study reveals different practices regarding the use of the term “museum”, with practical implications for a museum name change as a way to communicate a balance between fitting in and standing out.
National and ethnic minorities in museums
Authors: Dragsbo Peter
Published: August 2018

In the discussions of the representation of the numerous “new” ethnic, religious, gender and cultural minorities, the “old” national and ethnic minorities sometimes seem to be a little forgotten. Thus, some of the crucial questions of these minorities in relation to museums are rarely discussed. One of these is the tendency of many minority museums to formalize stereotypes of the minority, a so-to-say self- “folklorization”. At the same time respecting the importance of a minority to master its self-presentation through museums, the museums have a common challenge to include the outside world, being aware that every minority is also a product of historical processes, short and long distance influences, meeting and mixture of cultures, changing identities and shifts in self-symbolization. Also, the minorities must accept that majority museums have a right and duty to tell the history of the minorities, thus cooperating with the minority in reducing the “othering” on both sides, accepting that both sides, freed from any bias, can communicate also the “unpleasant” stories of the other part.
Intersecting heritage, milieu and environment. The concept of Nordic museology in the early 1990s
Authors: Bäckström Mattias
Published: August 2018

In this study, I investigate the concept of Nordic museology in the early 1990s. Per-Uno Ågren’s programmatic article about museology and cultural heritage, published in 1993 in the first ever issue of the journal Nordic Museology, is the point of departure for my historiographic investigation. Ågren’s article is firstly contextualized within the international museological discourse of the 1980s and early 1990s, secondly within a late twentieth-century idea milieu in Umeå where curators and researchers received, revised, shaped and used a variety of concepts and practices. The key concepts include traditional museology, new museology, museum studies and heritology as well as idea milieu and life milieu, total heritage, environmental heritage, idea heritage, cultural heritage and natural heritage. What were the specifics of Ågren’s concepts of museology and cultural heritage in relation to the adjacent concepts in the international museological discourse and the idea milieu in Umeå? How did Ågren and his colleagues formulate the concept of Nordic museology?
Hvorfor drar unge katolikker til World Youth Day?
Authors: Skjoldli Jane
Published: August 2018

Denne artikkelen utforsker bredden av motivasjonsfaktorer hos et utvalg respondenter som deltok i World Youth Day (WYD) i Kraków, Polen. Tidligere forskning har etablert opplevelsen av religiøst fellesskap som det aspektet ved WYD-opplevelsen som gjør sterkest inntrykk for unge katolikker, men det har fått mindre oppmerksomhet som en potensiell motivasjonsfaktor. Denne artikkelen nyanserer bildet ved å fokusere på selvrapporterte motivasjoner for deltakelse, og hvordan fellesskapsaspektet konstrueres i intervjuer. Blant motivasjonsfaktorene finner vi transnasjonale møter, reisefellesskap, paver, helgener, hellige steder, en opplevelse av WYD-deltakelse som Guds vilje, men også arbeidsoppgaver og uvilje mot å delta. Artikkelen relaterer fellesskapsopplevelser til selvfortrylling og selvspiritualitet – konsepter som oftere appliseres i studiet av nyreligiøsitet.Nøkkelord: World Youth Day, WYD, pave Frans, pave Johannes Paul II, helgener, hellige steder, pilegrimsferd, pilegrimsreise, religiøse fellesskap, religiøs motivasjon, religiøs deltakelse, stevne, festival, ungdom, ungdomskultur, katolisisme, Den katolske kirke, selvspiritualitet, selvfortrylling, selvrapportering, intervjuer, feltarbeid. This article explores a breadth of motivations among a sample of respondents participating in World Youth Day (WYD) 2016 in Kraków, Poland. Previous research has established the experience of religious community as the most impactful aspect of WYD experiences among young Catholics, but it has received less attention as a potential motivational factor. This article adds nuance to this picture by paying attention to self-reported motivations for participating, and how the communal aspect is constructed during interviews. Among these factors, we find transnational encounters, the community among travelers, popes, saints, sacred sites, and a perception of God’s will for the individual to participate, but also work and initial unwillingness to participate. The article relates the experience of community to self-enchantment and self-spirituality – concepts that are more often applied in the study of new religious movements.Keywords: World Youth Day, WYD, Pope Francis, Pope John Paul II, saints, sacred sites, pilgrimage, religious community, religious motivation, religious participation, festival, youth, youth culture, Catholicism, the Catholic Church, self-spirituality, self-enchantment, self-reports, interviews, fieldwork.
SKAM i skolen
Authors: Lomsdalen Christian
Published: August 2018

SKAM er på alles lepper, og har vel vært det i løpet av det siste året. Det er derfor uunngåelig at det vil vurderes å trekke serien inn i undervisningen. Hvis vi skal se bort ifra andre fag hvor serien også kan brukes, som naturfag, samfunnsfag, musikk, norsk og så videre, så er det tydelig at serien kan brukes til å ta opp temaer for å dekke kompetansemål i både Religion & etikk og i KRLE. Jeg skal derfor se på hvilke temaer som serien tar opp som kan brukes i undervisningen i disse to fagene, og jeg skal se litt på hvorfor dette kan gjøres.Nøkkelord: SKAM, religionsdidaktikk, skole, RE, KRLE
Nødvendig, ikke ønskelig Utviklingen av ungdomsarbeidet i Lyngen-læstadianismen
Authors: Andreassen Bengt-Ove
Published: August 2018

Ungdomsarbeid i religiøse bevegelser er i dag veletablert og lite kontroversielt. I enkelte læstadianske grupperinger er bildet noe mer sammensatt. Et eget ungdomsarbeid er et nokså nytt fenomen som læstadianerne har hatt et ambivalent forhold til. I 1999 ble et initiativ fra en lokal forsamling om mer organisert virksomhet for barn og ungdom blankt avvist av predikantene i Den luthersk-læstadianske menighet (også kalt Lyngen-retningen). I løpet av en tiårsperiode ble imidlertid bildet snudd, og ungdomsarbeidet er nå veletablert i denne læstadianske grupperingen. Artikkelen anlegger et historisk perspektiv for å vise hvordan et begrep og bevissthet om «ungdom» har vokst fram i etterkrigstiden, og danner bakgrunnen for forslaget som ble lansert i 1999. På bakgrunn av skriftlige kilder gjøres en analyse av hvordan ungdomsarbeidet nå har en selvfølgelig plass, og dermed er et eksempel på hvordan en bevissthet om «ungdom» og «ungdomsarbeid» kan sies å ha endret denne læstadianske forsamlingen. Nøkkelord:Læstadianisme, Lyngen-læstadianere, religion, ungdom, ungdomsarbeid Youth work in religious movements is today well established and uncontroversial. In some Laestadian groups (i.e. a Christian conservative revival tradition in Northern Scandinavia), the picture is somewhat more complex. Youth work in Laestadian groups is a relatively new phenomenon and still met with some ambivalence. This article will in a historical perspective show how a concept and awareness of "youth" has emerged in the postwar period within the Laestadian Lyngen-group. Using written sources, an analysis of how youth work now is valued, the article also raises the question whether youth and youth work have changed this Laestadian group.Keywords: The Laestadian movement, Laestadian, Lyngen group, religion, youth, youth work
Planarbeid i trosopplæring som ressurs for menigheten?
Authors: Birkedal Erling , Austnaberg Hans
Published: August 2018

AbstractAll congregations in the Church of Norway have to make their own local plan for Christian education, according to a National curriculum. In this article we are following six congregations in their working process, and we are asking how the congregation can learn from the process for congregational planning in general. As theoretical perspectives we use Van Gelder’s technical and cultural changes and Senge’s five disciplines of learning organizations. We see that congregations can learn different attitudes and skills. The working process develops didactic insight and competence among staff and volunteers. Developing work about core activities in the congregation is not only a systematic, technical working process. It is especially a cultural endeavor, where you have to deal with different ideas, visions and values.    Keywords: Christian education, Church of Norway, developing local plan, learning congregation  SammendragAlle menigheter i Den norske kirke må utvikle sin egen lokale plan for trosopplæring. Artikkelen utforsker arbeidsprosessen med lokal plan i seks menigheter og undersøker sammenhengen mellom dette planarbeidet og utviklingsarbeid i menigheten generelt. Vi bruker Van Gelders skjelning mellom tekniske og kulturelle endringer, samt Senges fem disipliner for lærende organisasjoner som teoretiske perspektiv. Menighetene lærer ulike holdninger og ferdigheter gjennom planarbeidet. Det gir didaktisk innsikt og økt kompetanse hos ansatte og frivillige. Utvikling av en plan og gjennomføring av kjerneaktiviteter i menighetens trosopplæring er mer enn en systematisk, teknisk arbeidsprosess. Utviklingsarbeidet innebærer også kulturelle utfordringer, der en må bearbeide ulike ideer, visjoner og verdier. Nøkkelord: Trosopplæring, Den norske kirke, utvikling av lokal plan for trosopplæring, lærende menighet
Hvordan møte barns religiøse undring og spørsmål i barnehagen?
Authors: Nilsen Silje Aaliya
Published: August 2018

I Rammeplanen står det at gjennom arbeidet med etikk, religion og filosofi skal personalet i barnehagen utforske og undre seg over eksistensielle, etiske, religiøse, livssynsmessige og filosofiske spørsmål sammen med barna (Kunnskapsdepartementet, 2017, s. 55). Men hvordan skjer dette egentlig i praksis? Hva er styrkene og svakhetene med de ulike måtene man kan møte barns tro, undring og spørsmål på? I min bacheloroppgave intervjuet jeg barnehagelærere fra tre forskjellige barnehager i Oslo, hvor spørsmålene dreide seg om hvordan de ville møtt barn i ulike situasjoner når det kommer til spørsmål og undring om tro. Jeg intervjuet barnehagelærere fra en kommunal, en kristen og en muslimsk barnehage og vil diskutere svarene jeg fikk fra dem i denne artikkelen.
Kritisk og upartisk? Utilsiktet religionskritikk i lærebøker for KRLE
Authors: Winje Geir
Published: August 2018

I denne artikkelen undersøkes fem lærebøker i KRLE med tanke på om, og eventuelt hvordan, de formidler religionskritikk samtidig som de formidler religionskunnskap. Et hovedfunn er at lærebøkene eller utgiverne så å si aldri formulerer direkte kritikk av religionene, særlig ikke når det gjelder trosforestillinger. De kan imidlertid røpe en kritisk holdning til religionene i faget når det kommer til etikk og verdispørsmål, men i stedet for å formulere denne kritikken på en tydelig måte, antydes den – ofte ved å lede leserens oppmerksomhet i retning av det som er kritikkverdig. Jeg gir også eksempler på at lærebøkene kan omhandle problematiske forestillinger og praksiser uten å antyde dette for leserne. Til sist viser jeg hvordan KRLE-bøkene kan synes å kritisere religioner indirekte ved å tillegge dem en lav grad av relevans eller historisitet.Nøkkelord: lærebøker, krle, religionskritikk, religionerEnglish abstract This essay examines five textbooks written for ten years old pupils in the subject Religious Education in Norwegian school. The analysis is carried through to find out if, and eventually how, the books are criticizing the religions they describe. One central finding is that, even if the textbooks never criticize the beliefs of any of the main religions in the subject (i.e. Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism), they sometimes (but not always) bring discussable ethical practices or values to the reader’s attention. Besides, some religions (or some religious concepts) are presented as relevant for the readers, while others are not. The last finding accounted for is how some religious stories are presented as historical, while others are seen as myths or legends.Keywords: text books, religious education, religions, critizising religions
Rock og religionskritikk. Bruk av religionskritiske rockelåter ved hjelp av en erfaringsbasert tilnærming til religionsundervisning
Authors: Kvalvaag Robert
Published: August 2018

Den erfaringsbaserte «A Gift to the Child»-tilnærmingen til religionsundervisning er en metode som er særlig tilpasset de yngste elevene i skolen. Men viktige elementer fra denne metoden kan også overføres til og anvendes overfor elever på ungdomstrinnet. «Erfaringen» består i at elever blir presentert for en religiøs gjenstand, et symbol, et ord, en fortelling eller et musikkstykke. I dette tilfellet får elevene høre en rockelåt, med en tekst som inneholder en eller annen form for religionskritikk. En slik bruk av den erfaringsbaserte tilnærmingen til religionsundervisning kan også resultere i en endring («edification») hos eleven, fordi hun må revurdere eller tenke nytt om sitt forhold til egen eller andres religion.Nøkkelord: Religionskritikk, rockelåter, erfaringsbasert tilnærming til religionsundervisning, edifikasjon, A Gift to the Child, Michael Grimmitt, John Hull, Robert Jackson.Abstract:The experiential «A Gift to the Child»-approach to religious education is a method which is especially designed for the youngest pupils. However, important elements from this method can also be used and applied to pupils in the higher grades. The «experience» presented to the pupils can be a religious item, a symbol, a word, a story or a piece of music. In this case the «experience» is a piece of rock music, with a lyric containing some kind of critique of religion. Such a use of the experiential approach can cause what Robert Jackson calls «edification», that is: make the pupil change her way of thinking, because she has to reevaluate her own worldview or think differently about the worldviews of others. Keywords: Critique of religion, rock music, experiential approach to religious education, edification, A Gift to the Child, Michael Grimmitt, John Hull, Robert Jackson.
Maktkritikk som ressurs i Den norske Kirkes konfirmasjonsundervisning
Authors: Dreyer Annette
Published: August 2018

Kan maktkritikk være en ressurs i konfirmasjonsundervisninga i Den norske Kirke? I så fall, hvordan? Bør makt- og religionskritikk i det hele tatt bli tematisert i en kirkelig konfirmasjonsundervisning? I denne teksten ønsker jeg å vise hvordan en kan invitere til maktkritikk (og derunder også religionskritikk) som en del av den kirkelige konfirmasjonsundervisninga, og å reflektere over hvordan makt- og religionskritiske øvelser og perspektiver kan være nyttige elementer inn i en kirkelig konfirmasjonskontekst. Utgangspunktet for dette er at jeg selv, som prest med erfaring som konfirmantlærer, har opplevd det som nyttig og lærerikt å reflektere kritisk over tro, tradisjoner og makt sammen med konfirmanter, og har opplevd at dette har åpnet for refleksjon om konfirmantenes egne trosforestillinger og erfaringer med makt på en måte som har virket berikende for konfirmantundervisninga som helhet.
Terrain determinants of permafrost active layer thermal conditions: a case study from Arctic non-glaciated catchment (Bratteggdalen, SW Spitsbergen)
Authors: Kasprzak Marek , Szymanowski Mariusz
Published: August 2018

The article concerns the thermal state of permafrost active layer in unglaciated areas of high latitudes (Brattegg valley, SW Spitsbergen). The basic material are data from a network of thermistors located in adrainage basin, including its highest elevations. Measured data were used to search for terrain determinants of ground thermics, expressed by common land surface parameters derived from 20×20m DTM and surface area temperature obtained from the LANDSAT 8 scene processing. Correlation and regression analysis was used to build models of spatial distribution of ground temperature at different depths. The obtained results show, among others, that temperatures near the ground surface (from 0 to –5 cm) are not significantly correlated with any of the tested topographic parameters, and thus depend on the local features of the ground. An expression of this is the strong dependence of temperature in near subsurface (up to depth 20 cm) on surface temperatures estimated from satellite data. From 10 cm below the surface and deeper, there is a significant negative correlation of temperature with elevation: initially stronger with altitude, and at 100 and 150 cm depth – with relative height.
Reliability Analysis Based on Stress–Strength Interference Model
Authors: Wei Zhigang , Hamilton Jason , Ling Jing , Pan Jwo
Published: August 2018

This article introduces the concept of the stress–strength interference model for reliability. The mathematical formulation for the stress–strength interference model is first presented. Examples for both the stress and strength of the normal distribution and the exponential distribution are given to demonstrate the use of the stress–strength interference model for reliability analysis. Then, the generalized stress–strength interference model is presented. The concept of the Monte Carlo simulation is also introduced to demonstrate the use of the numerical simulation to estimate the reliability. Finally, different numerical methods to estimate the reliability based on the stress–strength interference model and the future research directions are discussed.
Ionic Modulation of the Interfacial Magnetism in a Bilayer System Comprising a Heavy Metal and a Magnetic Insulator for Voltage‐Tunable Spintronic Devices
Authors: Guan Mengmeng , Wang Lei , Zhao Shishun , Zhou Ziyao , Dong Guohua , Su Wei , Min Tai , Ma Jing , Hu Zhongqiang , Ren Wei , Ye Zuo‐Guang , Nan Ce‐Wen , Liu Ming
Published: August 2018

The voltage modulation of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) is of practical and theoretical significance; due to its advantages of compactness, high‐speed response, and energy efficiency, it can be used for various spintronic applications, including spin‐Hall, spin‐pumping, and spin‐Seebeck effects. In this study, a significant ferromagnetic resonance change is achieved within the YIG/Pt bilayer heterostructures uisng ionic modulation, which is accomplished by modifying the interfacial magnetism in the deposited “capping” platinum layer. With a small voltage bias of 4.5 V, a large ferromagnetic field shift of 690 Oe is achieved in heterostructures of YIG (13 nm)/Pt (3 nm)/(ionic liquid, IL)/(Au capacitor). The remarkable magnetoelectric (ME) tunability comes from the additional and voltage‐induced ferromagnetic ordering, caused by uncompensated d‐orbital electrons in the Pt metal layer. Confirmed by first‐principle calculations, this finding paves the way for novel voltage‐tunable YIG‐based spintronics.
Fused Carbazole‐Based Dyads: Synthesis, Solvatochromism and Sensing Properties
Authors: Zhang Simeng , Chen Weiben , Dai Gaole , Yang Fan , Chen Long
Published: August 2018

A series of fused carbazole‐based luminophores with donor‐acceptor structures were synthesized (DCB‐H, DCB‐Br and TCB‐H). The photophysical, electrochemical properties, crystal packing structures were investigated in detail. The restriction of intermolecular rotation of benzophenone units lead to typical aggregation‐induced emission properties, giving potential to be used as fluorescence sensors for explosives, such as 2, 4, 6‐trinitrophenol.
In situ incorporation and loading of copper nanoparticles into a palmitic–lauric phase‐change material on polyester fibers
Authors: Rezaie A. B. , Montazer M.
Published: August 2018

This article introduces a facile approach for applying a eutectic mixture of fatty acid phase‐change materials (PCMs) on polyester fibers for thermal conductivity improvement via the in situ incorporation of copper nanoparticles. For this purpose, a eutectic mixture of palmitic acid and lauric acid was applied as PCMs and ascorbic acid was applied for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles. The thermal properties and stability of the treated samples were also determined by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry analysis. The treated samples indicated appropriate phase‐transition temperatures between 29.1 and 36.8 °C, with relevant latent heats of 49.4 and 49.9 J/g, respectively. The in situ formation of copper nanoparticles into eutectic fatty acid applied on the polyester fibers resulted in the promotion of the thermal conductivity of the composite by about 100.1% with the maximum amount of nanoparticles. In addition, the treated samples maintained good thermal durability and stability after 100 melting and freezing cycles. In addition, the tensile strength of the treated samples was improved. Overall, this treatment could be used to produce promising form‐stabilized composite PCMs and thermoregulated polymers and textiles with appropriate phase‐transition ranges and thermal conductivity. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 46951.
Bioluminescence and chemiluminescence abilities of trans‐3‐hydroxyhispidin on the luminous fungus Mycena chlorophos
Authors: Teranishi Katsunori
Published: August 2018

The fungus Mycena chlorophos emits green light from its pileus gills but not from its stipes. The chemical mechanisms underlying its bioluminescence are unclear. Trans‐3‐hydroxyhispidin has been known to be a luminescence substrate for the bioluminescent mycelia of Neonothopanus nambi and N. gardneri. In the present study, the bioluminescence and chemiluminescence abilities of trans‐3‐hydroxyhispidin on pileus gills and originally non‐bioluminescent stipes of M. chlorophos were demonstrated. Trans‐3‐hydroxyhispidin induced bioluminescence of living gills and stipes. The bioluminescence spectra of living gills and stipes measured after the addition of trans‐3‐hydroxyhispidin were consistent with the original bioluminescence spectrum of gills. Frozen–thawed (dead) gills and stipes maintained trans‐3‐hydroxyhispidin luminescence activity, and the luminescence‐active enzyme (luciferase) was partially purified in the water‐insoluble state from both tissues using gel filtration followed by ultracentrifugation. The optimum temperature of the chemiluminescence reactions of trans‐3‐hydroxyhispidin in the presence of partially purified gill or stipe luciferase was 25°C. The chemiluminescence quantum yields of trans‐3‐hydroxyhispidin for gill luciferase and stipe luciferase in 20 mM phosphate buffer at 25°C were 0.017 and 0.00096, respectively and the chemiluminescence spectra were almost consistent with the bioluminescence spectrum of living gills. These results indicate that trans‐3‐hydroxyhispidin can be a candidate as a substrate for M. chlorophos bioluminescence.
The regulatory role of APE1 in epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and in determining EGFR‐TKI responsiveness in non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Xiao , Peng Yu , Jiang Xuan , Lu Xianfeng , Duan Wei , Zhang Shiheng , Dai Nan , Shan Jinlu , Feng Yan , Li Xuemei , Cheng Yi , Yang Yuxin , Baugh Laura , Tell Gianluca , Wang Dong , Li Mengxia
Published: August 2018

Background

Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our previous study revealed that in osteosarcoma, human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) regulates transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), an important player in EMT. We therefore hypothesized a link between APE1 and EGFR‐TKI responsiveness in NSCLC.

Methods

The protein levels of APE1 were analyzed in tumors of NSCLC patients receiving EGFR‐TKI treatment. The correlation between APE1 expression and progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), or response rate were analyzed. The impact of APE1 on the response to EGFR‐TKIs was measured by exogenous manipulation of APE1 in EGFR‐TKI‐sensitive and EGFR‐TKI‐resistant cells.

Results

We indicate that low expression of APE1 in tumors is associated with a significantly longer PFS (20.8 months vs 8.4 months, P = 0.008) and a preferential OS (39.0 months vs 17.0 months, P = 0.001), with no difference in initial response rate to EGFR‐TKIs. We observed that APE1 protein level was significantly increased in EGFR‐TKI‐resistant cells and was associated with downregulated E‐cadherin and upregulated vimentin. The EMT phenotype, as well as the levels of TGF‐β, was suppressed in APE1 knockdown HCC827/IR and PC‐9/ER cells, while the EMT phenotype was promoted in APE1‐overexpressed HCC827 and PC‐9 cells. Furthermore, a specific APE1 redox inhibitor (ie, E3330) effectively reversed the EMT phenotype and further sensitized the cells to EGFR‐TKIs.

Conclusion

This study revealed a significant role of APE1 in EGFR‐TKI resistance via novel regulatory effects on the EMT phenotype in NSCLC.
Characterization and drug sensitivity of a novel human ovarian clear cell carcinoma cell line genomically and phenotypically similar to the original tumor
Authors: Franklin Miriam , Gentles Lucy , Matheson Elizabeth , Bown Nick , Cross Paul , Ralte Angela , Gilkes‐Immeson Connor , Bradbury Alice , Zanjirband Maryam , Lunec John , Drew Yvette , O'Donnell Rachel , Curtin Nicola J.
Published: August 2018

NUCOLL43 is a novel ovarian clear cell carcinoma (O‐CCC) cell line that arose from a primary culture of a patient's malignant ascites. The cells grow reliably in cell culture with a doubling time of approx. 45 hours and form colonies at high efficiency. They have a very high degree of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) affecting approximately 85% of the genome, mostly copy neutral and almost identical to the original tumor. The cells express epithelial (pan‐cytokeratin) and mesenchymal (vimentin) characteristics, CA125 and p16, like the original tumor. They also express ARID1A but not HNF‐1β and, like the original tumor, and are negative for p53 expression, with no evidence of p53 function. NUCOLL43 cells express all other DNA damage response proteins investigated and have functional homologous recombination DNA repair. They are insensitive to cisplatin, the PARP inhibitor rucaparib, and MDM2 inhibitors but are sensitive to camptothecin, paclitaxel, and NVP‐BEZ235. The NUCOLL43 cell line represents a distinct subtype of O‐CCC that is p53 and HNF‐1β null but expresses ARID1A. Its high degree of similarity with the original tumor genomically and proteomically, as well as the high level of LOH, make this an interesting cell line for O‐CCC research. It has been deposited with Ximbio.
Efficacy of icotinib in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liang Shuai , Xu Yan , Tan Fenlai , Ding Lieming , Ma Yongbin , Wang Mengzhao
Published: August 2018

Background

There are controversial data supporting the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In this study, the efficacy of icotinib in unselected and EGFR‐mutated patients with lung SCC was assessed.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the survival time of unselected advanced lung SCC patients treated with icotinib for at least 5 months between June 2013 and June 2016, and selected appropriate EGFR‐mutated advanced lung ADC patients to have 1:1 ratio of propensity score matching with EGFR‐mutated advanced lung SCC patients, and matching factors were age, sex, clinical stage, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), smoking history, EGFR mutation type, and treatment lines.

Results

A total of 487 unselected advanced lung SCC patients were available for analysis of icotinib treatment efficacy. The progression‐free survival (PFS) was 13.0 months (95% CI 12.2‐13.8), the overall survival (OS) was 16.0 months (95% CI 14.7‐17.3), and the objective response rate (ORR) was 41.3%. After propensity score matching, 78 EGFR‐mutated lung SCC and 78 EGFR‐mutated lung ADC patients were selected and compared. Although no statistical difference was found, ADC patients were associated with a longer PFS (15.8 months vs 12.7 months, P = 0.275) and OS (24.2 months vs 18.5 months, P = 0.150), and a better ORR (59.0% vs 48.7%, P = 0.199) than compared with SCC patients when treated with icotinib.

Conclusion

Icotinib has a modest therapeutic effect in patients with advanced lung SCC, especially for the population with EGFR mutations.
LiTaO3 Single Crystal Growth by the Vertical Bridgman Technique
Authors: Nishimura Eiichiro , Okano Katsuhiko , Iida Junji , Hoshikawa Keigo
Published: August 2018

Lithium tantalate, LiTaO3 (LT), single crystal growth by the vertical Bridgman (VB) technique is attempt for the first time. In the present VB‐LT technique, pure platinum crucibles are used in a furnace with a graphite heater and an argon atmosphere. One‐hundred percent solidified crack‐free VB‐LT crystals are successfully grown by composing the initial melts with exactly congruent compositions. The fundamental technical issues for VB‐LT growth are also clarified.
Erythropoietic effects of low‐dose cobalt application
Authors: Hoffmeister Torben , Schwenke Dirk , Wachsmuth Nadine , Krug Oliver , Thevis Mario , Byrnes William C. , Schmidt Walter F.J.
Published: August 2018

Cobaltous ions (Co2+) stabilize HIFα, increase endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) production, and may, therefore, be used as a performance‐enhancing substance. To date, the dosage necessary to stimulate erythropoiesis is unknown. The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the minimum dosage necessary to increase erythropoietic processes. In a first double‐blind placebo‐controlled study (n = 5), single oral Co2+ dosages of 5 mg (n = 6) and 10 mg (n = 7) were administered to healthy young men. Cubital venous blood and urine samples were collected before and up to 24 hours after Co2+ administration. In a second study, the same daily Co2+ dosages were administered for five days (placebo: n = 5, 5 mg: n = 9, 10 mg: n = 7). Blood and urine samples were taken the day before administration and at day 3 and day 5. Plasma [EPO] was elevated by 20.5 ± 16.9% at 5 hours after the single 5‐mg administration (p < 0.05) and by 52.8 ± 23.5% up to 7 hours following the 10‐mg Co2+ administration (p < 0.001). Urine [Co2+] transiently increased, with maximum values 3–5 hours after Co2+ ingestion (5 mg: from 0.8 ± 1.1 to 153.6 ± 109.4 ng/mL, 10 mg: from 1.3 ± 1.7 to 338.0 ± 231,5 ng/mL). During the five days of Co2+ application, 5 mg showed a strong tendency to increase [EPO], while the 10‐mg application significantly increased [EPO] at day 5 by 27.2 ± 26.4% (p < 0.05) and the immature reticulocyte fraction by 49.9 ± 21.7% (p < 0.01). [Ferritin] was decreased by 12.4 ± 10.4 ng/mL (p < 0.05). An oral Co2+ dosage of 10 mg/day exerts clear erythropoietic effects, and 5 mg/day tended to increase plasma EPO concentration.
Detection of the designer benzodiazepine flunitrazolam in urine and preliminary data on its metabolism
Authors: Ameline Alice , Richeval Camille , Gaulier Jean‐Michel , Raul Jean‐Sébastien , Kintz Pascal
Published: August 2018

Designer benzodiazepines have emerged as recreational drugs. They are available via the Internet without control and are found in the form of falsified (fake) medicines. For some of them, limited information concerning their effects, their toxicity, and their detection in bio fluids is available in the literature. For others, nothing has been published, as in the case of flunitrazolam (FNTZ). To gain preliminary data on its elimination parameters in urine and to investigate its metabolism, one of the authors ingested one pink tablet bought on the Internet, after confirming the absence of other compounds and agreement with the labeled dosage (0.25 mg) by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). A software algorithm (MetaboLynx, Waters, Milford, MA, USA) was used to predict FNTZ biotransformation and four potential metabolites were proposed: 4‐hydroxy‐FNTZ, desnitro‐FNTZ, 7‐amino‐FNTZ, and 7‐acetamido‐FNTZ. Urine samples were collected over 72 hours following oral administration of one tablet. After liquid/liquid extraction at pH 9.5, FNTZ concentrations were determined using ultra performance liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole–mass spectrometry (UPLC–QqQ–MS/MS). FNTZ remained detectable in hydrolyzed urine for 21 hours after ingestion, with concentrations ranging between 1 and 18 ng/mL. About 3% of the initial dose was excreted in urine as total unchanged FNTZ during this period. In vitro experiments (HLM incubations) were performed using ultra performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time of flight‐mass spectrometry (UPLC–QTOF–MS) in order to investigate the potential CYP‐ and UGT‐dependent metabolites where only 7‐amino‐FNTZ was detected as the only metabolite. However, in the urine specimens, desnitro‐FNTZ, 7‐acetamido‐FNTZ and 7‐amino‐FNTZ were the main detected compounds. The identification of FNTZ metabolites dramatically improves the detection windows of the drug up to 37 hours.
Thermoeconomic analysis and multiobjective optimization of a combined gas turbine, steam, and organic Rankine cycle
Authors: Mohammadi Amin , Ashouri Milad , Ahmadi Mohammad Hossein , Bidi Mokhtar , Sadeghzadeh Milad , Ming Tingzhen
Published: August 2018

Because of the fossil fuels crisis in recent years, efficient working of power producing cycles has gained considerable importance. This study presents a detailed exergoeconomic analysis of a proposed combination of a gas turbine (GT), a steam Rankine cycle (SRC), and an organic Rankine cycle (ORC), which are coupled together to obtain the maximum heat recovery of the GT exhaust gas. The proposed cycle was analyzed from both thermodynamic and economic viewpoints. The exergy efficiency and product cost rate of the introduced cycle were optimized simultaneously using multiobjective optimization with seven decision variables, including steam turbine inlet pressure and temperature, ORC turbine inlet pressure, ORC and steam turbine back pressures, and pinch point of heat exchangers. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the steam turbine back pressure and inlet pressure had the highest impact on product cost rate and exergy efficiency, followed by ORC turbine inlet pressure and back pressure. Also, the exergoeconomic analysis showed that the combustion chamber had the highest sum of exergy destruction costs and investment costs; more attention should thus be paid to its design procedure. Under the design conditions, the exergy efficiency of 40.75% and product cost rate of 439 million $/year could be achieved.
Implementation of a VLC‐based indoor localization system
Authors: Torres‐Zapata E. , Luna‐Rivera J. M. , Perez‐Jimenez R. , Guerra V. , Rabadan J. , Rufo J. , Gutierrez C. A.
Published: August 2018

Nowadays, with the incursion of solid state lighting technology in our daily life, visible light communication (VLC) systems are becoming more important. This fact has generated a lot of attention on VLC to provide solutions on multiple applications where this technology can be exploited. At the same time, the growing of automation processes has created the necessity of knowing the localization of different objects and devices. Indoor localization based on radio frequency signals is one of the most used techniques (Wi‐Fi, Bluetooth, UWB, RFID, etc); however, VLC is a new and interesting method, which is gaining enormous research attention. Moreover, there are environments where the use of RF technologies is restricted or even prohibited. In such cases, VLC technology becomes an interesting alternative to solve this problem. In this paper, we design and implement a novel VLC‐based indoor localization system that combines the application of a VLC scheme for downlink and an ultrasonic communication for the uplink. Practical localization experiments are carried out in an actual office room environment, and results show a localization accuracy of 4 cm on average for direct links and 10 cm for indirect links.
Resilient architecture for network and control co‐design under wireless channel uncertainty in cyber‐physical systems
Authors: Kim Dohwan , Won Yuchang , Eun Yongsoon , Park Kyung‐Joon
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we propose a resilient architecture for network and control co‐design, Wireless‐Simplex (W‐Simplex), which can ensure control performance by adaptively tuning the network and control parameters against wireless channel uncertainty in cyber‐physical systems. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no research into resilient network and control co‐design in response to the unreliable wireless channel. Our key observation is that rate adaptation may cause significant degradation in control performance or even system instability. This performance degradation is contrary to the intuition that rate adaptation provides a reliable link under wireless channel uncertainty. We explain the cause of this phenomenon and resolve the situation by proposing a resilient co‐design algorithm in an optimization framework. Our simulation study with ns‐2 shows the effectiveness of the proposed scheme to provide resilience of cyber‐physical systems against wireless channel uncertainty.
A hybrid precoding‐ and filtering‐based uplink MC‐LNOMA scheme for 5G cellular networks with reduced PAPR
Authors: Baig Imran , Farooq Umer , Ahmed Ejaz , Imran Muhammad , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: August 2018

Uplink multicarrier localized nonorthogonal multiple access (MC‐LNOMA) is a variant of hybrid nonorthogonal multiple access, where subcarrier mapping is performed in localized mode. MC‐LNOMA is one of the most prominent emerging schemes and likely to be employed in the forthcoming fifth‐generation cellular networks due to its massive connectivity, spectral efficiency, better cell coverage capability, and higher data rate. It may employ orthogonal frequency‐division multiple access due to the technical ripeness. However, schemes based on orthogonal frequency‐division multiple access all suffer from the high peak‐to‐average power ratio problem. Therefore, in this paper, a new finite impulse response filter–based discrete cosine transform–precoded uplink MC‐LNOMA scheme is presented for peak‐to‐average power ratio reduction. MATLAB simulations demonstrate the performance supremacy of the proposed scheme compared to contemporary schemes such as discrete cosine transform–precoded uplink MC‐LNOMA and nonprecoded uplink MC‐LNOMA.
Financial volatility modeling: The feedback asymmetric conditional autoregressive range model
Authors: Xie Haibin
Published: August 2018

An implied assumption in the asymmetric conditional autoregressive range (ACARR) model is that upward range is independent of downward range. This paper scrutinizes this assumption on a broad variety of stock indices. Instead of independence, we find significant cross‐interdependence between the upward range and the downward range. Regression test shows that the cross‐interdependence cannot be explained by leverage effect. To include the cross‐interdependence, a feedback asymmetric conditional autoregressive range (FACARR) model is proposed. Empirical studies are performed on a variety of stock indices, and the results show that the FACARR model outperforms the ACARR model with high significance for both in‐sample and out‐of‐sample forecasting.
Antihypertensive drugs and prostate cancer survival after radical prostatectomy in Finland—A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Santala Eerik EE , Rannikko Antti , Murtola Teemu J
Published: August 2018

Antihypertensive (anti‐HT) drugs targeting renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone (RAA)‐ system have been associated with improved prostate cancer (PCa)‐specific survival. Challenge is that often multiple drugs are used simultaneously. We evaluated the association between use of anti‐HT drugs and PCa survival among 14,422 surgically treated Finnish PCa patients. Information on drug purchases was obtained from a national prescription database. We used Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for risk of PCa death and initiation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with adjustment for age, tumor extent, use of statins and for Charlson Comorbidity Index. Angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE)‐ inhibitors, angiotensin‐ receptor (ATR)‐blockers, diuretics, calcium‐channel blockers, beta‐blockers and other anti‐HT drugs were analyzed as separate time‐dependent variables to model simultaneous use. Overall anti‐HT drugs were associated with an increased risk of PCa death. Conversely use of ATR‐blockers was associated with decreased risk of PCa death (HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.26–0.72 and HR: 0.60, 95% CI 0.37–0.97 for pre‐ and post‐diagnostic use). Similar risk decrease was not observed in other drug groups. Anti‐HT drugs were also associated with an increased risk of starting ADT, with the exception of ATR‐blockers (HR: 0.81 CI:0.71–0.92). ATR‐ blockers differ from other anti‐HT drugs as the survival is better in users of this drug group. The result partly supports the role of RAA system in PCa progression. Nevertheless, the risk decrease was not observed in ACE‐inhibitor users. Further research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanism for the potential anticancer effect of ATR‐ blockers.
Reactions of N‐alkenyl Thioureas with p‐alkoxyphenyltellurium Trichlorides
Authors: Kut Mykola , Fizer Maksym , Onysko Mikhajlo , Lendel Vasil
Published: August 2018

N‐Аlkenyl thioureas, under the action of aryltellurium trichlorides, form the addition products N‐{2‐chloro‐3‐[dichloro(4‐alkoxyphenyl)‐tellanyl]propyl} thioureas or the intramolecular cyclization products 5‐{dichloro(4‐alkoxyphenyl)‐telluromethyl}‐2‐phenylamino‐4,5‐dihydro‐1,3‐thiazole hydrochlorides. The reaction route depends on the nature of the substituent in the thiourea. The Fukui function reactivity indexes identify the electrophilic/nucleophilic centers and explain the possible cyclization reaction in the case of phenyl substituted thioureas. In the case of other substituents, the calculated values of partial atomic charges clearly predict that the addition reaction is more possible.
Novel Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]Pyrimidines and Pyrazolo[5,1‐c][1,2,4]Triazines Incorporating Indole Moiety as a New Class of Antioxidant Agents
Authors: El‐Mekabaty Ahmed , Fadda Ahmed A.
Published: August 2018

This effort focuses on the construction of novel pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines bearing indole nucleus via the reaction of 3‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐amine (3) with the appropriate reagents or through solvent free condensations with active methylene components and triethyl orthoformate. The utility of (3) for the preparation of pyrazolo[5,1‐c][1, 2, 4]triazines was also explored via coupling of diazonium salt of (3) with active methylene compounds. Antioxidant activity screening of the synthetic targets showed that compounds (13), (14), (16), and (17) exhibited a promising activity.
Synthesis of Novel Structurally Diverse N‐Mono‐ and N,N′‐Disubstituted Benzimidazol‐2‐one Derivatives by the Alkylations of 1,3‐Dihydro‐2H‐benzimidazol‐2‐one with Some Alkyl Halides under Transfer Catalysis Conditions
Authors: Rohand Taoufik , Sopbué Fondjo Emmanuel
Published: August 2018

A series of N‐mono‐ and N,N′‐disubstituted benzimidazol‐2‐one derivatives optionally substituted on both secondary amine functionalities were prepared with excellent yields by reacting 1,3‐dihydro‐2H‐benzimidazol‐2‐one in one and two steps respectively with various alkyl halides under phase transfer catalytic conditions. One of the synthesized N,N‐disubstituted benzimidazol‐2‐one derivatives underwent a regiospecific 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction at its side allyl substituent with the in situ generated 4‐chloro benzonitrile N‐oxide from 4‐chlorobenzaldoxime to afford in good yield the corresponding N,N′‐disubstituted derivative incorporating the 2,5‐dihydro‐isoxazole nucleus in one of the side chain. All the new compounds were fully characterized by their physical and spectroscopic data.
An almost ideal demand system (AIDS) analysis of Korean travelers' summer holiday travel expenditure patterns
Authors: Ahn Young‐Joo , Baek Unji , Lee Byeong Cheol , Lee Seul Ki
Published: August 2018

This study analyzes expenditure categories of travelers on their summer holiday trips, jointly with the effects of travel duration, number of travel companions, and travel type. Results of the almost ideal demand system (AIDS) estimation on data from 1,113 Korean respondents reveal strong interrelationships among expenditure, own‐price, and cross‐price elasticities in the total travel‐related consumption behaviors. This study of a system‐of‐equations approach serves as a launch pad for ongoing work by jointly modeling effects of trip characteristics and prices through a comprehensive, nonlinear AIDS approach and reflecting destination price changes for Koreans who traveled during their summer holidays.
Imaging Markers of Progression in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Strafella Antonio P. , Bohnen Nico I. , Pavese Nicola , Vaillancourt David E. , van Eimeren Thilo , Politis Marios , Tessitore Alessandro , Ghadery Christine , Lewis Simon ,   on behalf of IPMDS‐Neuroimaging Study Group
Published: August 2018

Background

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second‐most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease; however, to date, there is no approved treatment that stops or slows down disease progression. Over the past decades, neuroimaging studies, including molecular imaging and MRI are trying to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying PD.

Methods

This work utilized a literature review.

Results

It is now becoming clear that these imaging modalities can provide biomarkers that can objectively detect brain changes related to PD and monitor these changes as the disease progresses, and these biomarkers are required to establish a breakthrough in neuroprotective or disease‐modifying therapeutics.

Conclusions

Here, we provide a review of recent observations deriving from PET, single‐positron emission tomography, and MRI studies exploring PD and other parkinsonian disorders.