Impact of novel coronavirus infection on the course of pregnancy and delivery in women
Authors: Denisova S.N. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sakharova Е.S. , Ilenko L.I. , Bogdanova S.V. , Korotkova Т.N. , Kozlova Т.Yu. , Ilyashenko D.А. , Tarasova О.V. , Aleksandova Yu.N. , Romanova D.А. , Semashina G.А. , Kutbutdinova М.Kh. , Sakharov E.V. ,   Speransky Hospital No 9, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Speransky Hospital No 9, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   G.E.Porkhacheva Polyclinic No 6, JSC Medical Services, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

Currently, there are contradictory views of scientists on the impact of a novel coronavirus infection on the health of women of reproductive age, pregnancy and labor, in particular, against the background of changes in the homeostasis system. This issue requires the study and analysis of clinical observations of patients who have undergone COVID-19 in the unified system of mother-placenta-fetus-newborn for timely correction of the detected disorders and optimization of medical care. Objective. To determine the possible risks of complications of pregnancy and delivery in pregnant women who had a new coronavirus infection before and during pregnancy. Patients and Methods. We examined 485 women, 156 of whom had SARS-CoV-2-associated viral infection during pregnancy, 139 women before the onset of pregnancy, and 190 pregnant women without COVID-19. Data on the somatic health of the patients, the course of pregnancy and labor were obtained from the individual medical records of pregnant and postpartum women (Form No 111/u-20 and No 096/1u-20). The duration of follow-up ranged from 4 to 8 months. Pregnant women were examined within the decreed time frame, according to the Clinical Recommendations of the Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists supported by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2020–2023, with informed consent. The results of the study were processed using the application program package TIBCO STATISTICA (USA) for personal computer. When analyzing conjugation tables, Pearson's χ2 test was used to assess the statistical significance of differences between two relative indices. Data in groups were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05 or statistically highly significant at p < 0.001. Results. Iron deficiency, allergic diseases, and gastrointestinal pathology were the most frequent in the observed women, with statistically significantly fewer COVID-19-uninfected women. Pregnant women with new coronavirus infection in the 3rd trimester had a high incidence of pre-eclampsia, threatened abortion, and prescription of hormonal medications (p < 0.001). Pregnant women who underwent COVID-19 in the 2nd trimester had fetal growth retardation and threatened abortion (p < 0.05). The frequency of high D-dimer values in 3rd trimester pregnant women who had a new coronavirus infection was statistically significantly different compared to uninfected women (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The development of a complex of pregravidar preparation, including timely diagnosis of different strains of this infection in non-pregnant and pregnant women, dynamic observation for timely correction of detected homeostasis disorders and optimization of care in the unified system of mother-placenta-fetus-newborn. Key words: pregnant women, novel coronavirus infection, COVID-19