bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Veprimtaria atdhetare e Gajur Bej Derallës
Authors: Lita Qerim
Published: February 2023

Ndër figurat më të shquara politike e ushtarake në trevat verilindore gjatë dhe mbarimit të Luftës së Dytë Botërore, gjithsesi se është Gajur Deralla. Nisur nga fakti se historiografia shqiptare shumë pak, për të mos thënë se aspak nuk ka bërë përpjekje për ta zbardhë veprimtarinë e tij, e pash të arsyeshme që në këtë Konferencë shkencore, kushtuar familjes Deralla, të ofroj disa të dhëna burimore për aktivitetin e tij politik e ushtarak gjatë periudhës kohore 1943-1963. Në kumtesë, veç të tjerash, do të bëhet fjalë për pjesëmarrjen e tij në Kuvendin themelues të “Lidhjes II të Prizreni”, më 16-21 shtator 1943, themelimin e Batalionit “Luboten”, qëndrimin e tij rreth zgjidhjes së çështjes shqiptare, refuzimin që batalioni i tij të dërgohet në Pogradec, për të luftuar kundër forcave partizane shqiptare, arrestimin dhe internimin e tij nga gjermanët, kthimin dhe burgosjen e tij nga pushteti komunist maqedonas, qëndrimin e tij burrëror në burg, aktivitetin e tij politik pas vuajtjes së dënimit, riburgosjen nga i njëjti pushtet dhe së fundi emigrimin në SHBA. Të dhënat që do të ofrohen, mbështeten në dokumentet arkivore të pabotuara deri më sot.
Mehmet Pashë Deralla në gojëdhëna
Authors: Hashani Benjamin
Published: February 2023

Në këtë hulumtim trajtohet jeta, vepra, kontributi dhe puna e Mehmet Pashë Derallës në themelimin e ushtrisë shqiptare dhe vendosjen e institucioneve shtetërore, ushtarake, policore në shërbim të atdheut dhe kombit shqiptar. Një djalë nga fshati Gradec, vendbanim rrëzë Sharrit, ndërmjet Tetovës dhe Gostivarit, të cilin e kishte rritur e përkujdesur Mehmet Pashë Deralla, kishte përparuar aq shpejt në hierarkinë perandorake, sa që një ditë ishte bërë këshilltar personal i Sulltan Hamitit në Stamboll. Pikërisht ky këshilltar do t'i shpëtojë jetën Mehmet Pashës, në një konflikt për çështje rezistence kundrejt pushtetit osman. Sulltani ka dashur ta dënojë me vdekje Mehmet Pashë Derallën, ndaj dhe ka thirr këshilltarin e dytë të tij, pikërisht bonjakun e dikurshëm të Gradecit, për të cilin ishte kujdesur pashai i Tetovës. Sulltani e pyet për këshillë, kurse gradecasi do t’i thotë: “Nëse merrni një veprim të tillë, mund të ngrihet në këmbë e gjithë Tetova”. Mehmet Pashë Deralla vinte nga një familje shqiptare me tradita atdhetare e ushtarake të Hasan Derallës nga fshati Gradec i anës së Gostivarit, në vitin 1843. Arsimin fillor e kreu në Tetovë, kurse të mesmin në Shkup. Pas kësaj studioi në Akademinë e parë ushtarake turke të Stambollit, ku u diplomua oficer me rezultate të shkëlqyeshme. Shërbeu në një regjiment këmbësorie në Anadoll. Më pas studioi në Akademinë e Dytë ose në Shkollën e Lartë të Shtatmadhorisë. Në vitin 1878 fiton gradën gjeneral brigade dhe shërben për disa vite në vise të Perandorisë turke, më pas kryen detyrën e komandantit të Vilajetit të Kosovës në Manastir dhe Shkup. Nga viti (1878-1881) mbështeti Lidhjen Shqiptare të Prizrenit në organizimin e forcave ushtarake të saj, së bashku me të atin e tij dhe kryente veprime luftarake kundër shovinizmit sllav. Pas shpërbërjes së Lidhjes Shqiptare të Prizrenit, angazhohet edhe në Kuvendin e Pejës, prej nga në vitin 1899 internohet në Bagdad. Këto janë disa nga karakteristikat që e shquajnë Mehmet Derallën nëpër periudhat historike. Është ministri i parë i Ushtrisë në historinë shqiptare.
Amanetin e babës e çova në vend u ktheva në Tetovë nga Amerika
Authors: Deralla Berat
Published: February 2023

.
Mehmet Pashë Deralla sinonim I atdhetarisë dhe sakrificës kombëtare
Authors: Dugolli Bujar
Published: February 2023

.
Shqipëria e 1913 sipas një diplomati Bullgar
Authors: Salihu Salajdin
Published: February 2023

Më 12 nëntor të vitit 1913, diplomati bullgar,Todor K. Pavllovi, e njoftonte Sofjen për gjendjen politike dhe shoqërore në Shqipëri. Në Raportin e shkruar nga ai, jep të dhëna për gjendjen politike dhe shoqërore të kohës. Diplomati flet për përçarjet shqiptare, për pakënaqësitë e ministrave ndaj Ismail Qemalit, për veprimet e Esat Pashës dhe për debatet rreth kryeqytetit të ri shqiptar.Todor Pavllovi, një njohës i realitetit shqiptar të kohës, kishte lindur në Shkup, më 1878414, kishte studiuar për drejtësi në Lozanë të Zvicrës dhe kishte qenë deputet në Parlamentin Osman, ku ishte njohur me Hasan Prishtinën. Ai ishte lavdëruar nga Ismail Qemali për kontributin e tij në krijimin e raporteve të mira ndërmjet Shqipërisë dhe Bullgarisë. Raportin numër 17415, të Konsulatës së Përgjithshme Bullgare në Vlorë, ia dërgonte dr. Vasil Radoslavovit, kryeministër, ministër i punëve të brendshme dhe drejtues i Ministrisë së Punëve të Jashtme të Bullgarisë.
GUNSHOT INJURY OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Dr Swatantra Shrivastav, Dr Prakriti Yadav Dr. Vinay Kharsan, Dr. Ramnik Singh Madan,
Published: February 2023

Gunshot injuries involving the head and neck confer a high potential for profound morbidity and mortality rates by damaging vital neurovascular structures, including the central nervous system, carotid arteries, and jugular veins. The main manners of firearm-related death comprise homicide, suicide, and accidental events, the rates of which largely vary depending on region and country. Although a bullet is commonly thought to travel through the body in a straight line, a few patients with head and neck gunshot injuries who survived without lethal organ damage thanks to a nonlinear bullet trajectory have been reported. However, there is no report of a patient who survived a gunshot wound transversely penetrating the entire neck across its deep structures. India’s rates of violence vary greatly and in a majority of firearm related injuries illegal, unlicensed weapons are used. As in 2006, India was home to roughly 40 million civilian firearms, out of an estimated 650 million civilian owned guns then believed to exist worldwide. But only 6.3 million (just over 15%) are licensed. The unpredictable nature of the bullet also emphasizes the importance of projecting the missile trajectory. A missile trajectory-tracing software program could be an important tool in the diagnosis and management of patients with bullet injuries.
PREVALENCE OF ORAL MUCOSAL NORMAL VARIATIONS IN A GERIATRIC POPULATION OF CHHATTISGARH- A REAL WORLD EVIDENCE
Authors: Dr. Deepti Patel, Dr. Nikita Agrawa
Published: February 2023

The incidence of OMLs is thought to extend with age, because of physiological changes within the oral cavity and also because of the sustained impact of risk habits. Other predisposing factors within the elderly include decreased saliva flow and long-lasting effects of local and systemic factors, like alcohol intake, smoking, snuff and drug use. The importance to differentiate normal conditions from pathological lesions lies within the proven fact that the normal variations don't need any medical intervention. Oral mucosa may be a harbor to several such normal variations which can confuse the diagnosis among the budding dentists. So, proper knowledge about their existence, prevalence and features are very important. The search of the literature revealed no such studies in Chhattisgarh Population, warranting a quick need to carry out a study to understand the prevalence of oral mucosal normal variations in the geriatric Chhattisgarh Population.

AIM- The aim of our study is to search out the prevalence and to achieve more knowledge about oral normal soft tissue variations in the geriatric Chhattisgarh Population and possibly identify new avenues of research in this area.

METHOD- It is a Prospective and observational correlation study, performed in an exceedingly period of two years from 2015-2017 within the Department Of Oral Medicine and Radiology at Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Rajnandgaon, (Chhattisgarh), India. It included the patients of age 60 years and above of Chhattisgarh Population.

RESULT- The most prevalent normal variation in this study was found to be fissured tongue 46% followed by coated tongue (20%), depapilation of tongue (20.3%), Melanosis (9.7%), lingual varicose (1.4%), leukoedema (1.1%), Fordyce's granules (0.7%) and geographic tongue (0.14%).

CONCLUSION- The present study renders sufficient information about the epidemiologic aspects of oral mucosal normal variation in the geriatric population which may prove valuable in the planning of future oral health strategies of this group of the Indian population. This will further enhance community programs to educate the elderly population, along with the younger generation to get the elderly screened for any deviation from these variations or any oral mucosal lesions by availing adequate clinical and pathological laboratory facilities, which will ensure a good quality of life in this population of interest.
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AND ITS ORAL MANIFESTATION -A REVIEW
Authors: Dr. Anjana  , Dr. Rahul Srivastava  , Dr. Vishal Mehrotra  , Dr. Kriti Garg
Published: February 2023

The oral cavity is the mirror of systemic health. Anemia is one such condition, which manifests itself in the oral cavity. According to the World Health Organization, the normal haemoglobin level for an adult male is around 13.8 g/dl and for an adult woman is around 12.1 g/dl. Anemia is defined as when the haemoglobin level in the blood is below the lower extreme of the normal range for the age and sex of the individual. Iron deficiency anaemia is the most common nutritional deficiency disorder in children and women and is worldwide in distribution. It is characterised by fatigue, weakness, pallor, and koilonychias. Thus, oral physicians play an important role in diagnosis and thereby prevention of anemia, as oral manifestations may be the earliest feature of the condition.
GOLTZ GORLIN SYNDROME- A CASE REPORT WITH OVERVIEW
Authors: Dr. Prasanna Kumar D.  , Dr. Nidhi Jenson Ukken  , Dr. H K Ajeya  Ranganathan  , Dr. Mohammed Basim  , Dr.Mariea Francis  , Dr. Vijay  Joseph Chethalan
Published: February 2023

Goltz Gorlin syndrome (GGS) is an multisystemic disease with an autosomal dominant disorder, with complete variance, though irregular cases have been described. This article includes a case report and an extensive review of the GGS with regard to its history, incidence, etiology, features, investigations, diagnostic criteria, keratocystic odontogenic tumor and treatment modalities. case of a 32-year-old female patient presenting with three major features of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. Radiologic findings of the syndrome are easily identifiable on Orthopantomogram, cbct scans. These investigations prompt an early verification of the disease, which is very important to prevent recurrence and better survival rates from the coexistent diseases.
Flipped classroom: The novel learning environment for medical students
Authors: Pejin Irina , Oroz Sara , Milojković Đorđe , Milić Nikola , Milić Nataša , Rajović Nina
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The ongoing pandemic caused by Coronavirus has strongly initiated digital developments and closed in-person classes in higher education. In order to achieve remote high-quality online delivery, the learning method "flipped classroom" has been introduced to both students and teachers. The flipped classroom represents a type of blended learning aiming to increase students' engagement by preparing materials for learning at home and having faceto-face problem-solving during class time. Aim: To assess attitudes and perceptions of medical undergraduate students toward flipped classroom method of learning. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate students attending Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade during January 2022, using online questionnaire. The questionnaire used in this study consisted of 34 questions and was divided among six main sections: demographics, overall attitudes, communication, independence in learning, preparedness and motivation, and creative thinking and collaborative work. Results: A total of 60 medical students were included in the study. Two thirds of the students were female (75,0%), with the mean age of 23,48 ± 1,53 years. Most of the respondents were fifthand sixth-year students. The results of this study revealed that significant differences in perceptions of the students toward flipped classroom method of learning between gender and age group were found. Female and younger students had more positive attitudes toward flipped classroom than male and older students. Conclusion: Flipped classroom method of learning suits the demands of medical students at a university level, advancing their problem-solving skills and higher-order thinking. Bearing in mind that younger students had positive perceptions and attitudes toward flipped classroom method of learning, curriculum designers and educators should adjust the lessons and teaching methods strategies to students' preferences in order to help them to gain their full academic potential.
Key challanges in reforming the healthcare system of Serbia in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the way to a sustainable and decentralized system
Authors: Mrkić Maja , Ilić-Todorović Violeta , Jovanović-Mirković Jasmina , Radosavljević Dragan , Despotović Mile , Aleksopulos Hristos
Published: February 2023

Health care is the most important activity and human kind is dealing with its organization for centuries. Public health policies and functional health care systems have as their primary objectives the preservation and improvement of public health. Problems of intensive aging of the population, continuous growth of health spending, ensuring sustainable financing of health systems and efficient use of resources are present in all world health systems. Health care system reforms have become a global phenomenon for the last twenty years of the last century. The goal of this review paper is to point out the importance and need for timely modifications of the strategy of the health care optimization plan in Serbia by 2035, so that the health care system of Serbia would be ready to respond to potential global health crises in the future. The Plan for optimizing the health care institutions network by 2035 as a key document of the Master Plan will be briefly presented with an analysis of key parameters of health care effectiveness and above all improvement of the implementation of basic principles of health care - uniformity and availability of health services on the territory of Republic of Serbia. In order to present future key changes in the health system, it is necessary to take into account the current situation, as well as the potential consequences of the global pandemic of COVID-19 virus on health systems. Databases were used for analysis: WHO, OECD, World Bank Reports. The tendency of increasing the share of health care costs in GDP, with the problems of efficient use of health care resources, is becoming the most important reason for reforming health insurance and health care in almost all countries in the world. Numerous researches of eminent experts in the field of economy and finance indicate that the introduction of compulsory health insurance with a clearly defined package of health conditions is the most rational choice in the implementation of the World Health Organization project: "Health for all in the 21st century". A health system could be said to be effective if it provides health care of maximum quality in terms of medical outcome, with minimal costs in relation to the allocated funds. Health care systems around the world today face very similar problems, and the COVID-19 pandemic has shown how "vulnerable" it is not only the health system but all of humanity when faced with such challenges.
Increased incidence of urinary tract infections caused by Enterococcus in COVID-19 patients of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina
Authors: Smieško Gordana , Baroš-Brkljača Marija , Banović Pavle
Published: February 2023

Objective. To investigate the frequency of isolates of various uropathogens in patients of the COVID-19 Hospital "Mišeluk" in comparison with patients from the nonCOVID-19 zone of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina (KCV). Methods. For the purpose of this study, information was collected on urine isolates sent from the COVID-19 hospital and the non-COVID-19 zones of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina in a three-month period, with samples from the non-COVID-19 zone KCV used as controls. Results. Of the 449 patients from the COVID-19 Hospital, the most common causative agents of intrahospital urinary infection (IUI) were members of the genus Enterococcus, (216/449; 48.10%), which in most cases caused IUI in women (127/216; 58.79%). The second most common causative agent of IUT in COVID-19 was Klebsiella pneumoniae (85/449; 18.93%). Of the 913 patients from the non-COVID-19 KCV clinics, the most common cause of IUI was Escherichia coli (249/913; 27.27%), predominantly in women (199/249; 79.91%, (ch2 (1) = 49,042). p <0.00001)). The second most frequent causative agents of IUTs were members of the genus Enterococcus, (216/913; 23.65%), with no significant difference in distribution between the sexes (ch2 (1) = 0.0833; p = 0.847). Conclusion. The most common causes of IUI in the COVID-19 KCV hospital were members of the genera Enterococcus and Klebsiella pneumoniae with almost equal distribution between the sexes. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of different IUI agents in the COVID-19 hospital patients versus the nonCOVID-19 KCV clinics. These results may be important in determining empirical therapy in patients of the COVID-19 KCV Hospital, as well as in planning procedures for the reduction of nosocomial infections.
Cognitive aspects of schizophrenia: A narrative review
Authors: Đorđević Jelena , Arsić Slađana , Pavlović Dragan , Pavlović Aleksandra
Published: February 2023

Cognitive dysfunction has been recognized as a key aspect of schizophrenia evident even during remission of symptoms. During the previous decade, interest in cognitive deficits has increased due to the recognition of their key importance for the functional outcome and degree of social adaptation. Prominent cognitive deficits are disorders of memory, attention and executive functions that manifest themselves as a disorder of verbal fluency, problems with serial learning, difficulty in problem solving, and disturbance of executive functions. The observed cognitive deficit is attributed to the dysfunction of cortical-cerebellar-thalamic circuits. Social cognition is the ability to construct an image of relationships between oneself and others and the ability to use flexible mental constructs as a guide to social interactions. The data from previous studies strongly support the association of neurocognitive and socio-cognitive deficits with the performance of independent functioning and quality of life, emphasizing the need for prevention and treatment of cognitive deficits.
Canyoning and geotourism: Assessing geosites for canyoning activities in Western Serbia
Authors: Tomić Nemanja , Antić Aleksandar , Tešić Dajana , Đorđević Tijana , Momčilović Oliver
Published: February 2023

The aim of this research is to explore the current state and potential of Tribuća, Rača and Beli Rzav canyons for their further development as canyoning geotourism destinations in Western Serbia. This was done by applying the modified geosite assessment model (M-GAM) on the three analyzed canyons with special focus on values of importance for canyoning tourists. The results indicate that all three analyzed canyons possess significant natural values of great importance for the development of canyoning tourism, such as possibility for interpretation, representativeness, surrounding landscape and nature, protection level and current condition. The main issues are related to human induced elements such as promotional activities, interpretive tools and visitor centers. Given their importance for further tourism development, these activities should have priority in the future in order to attract a larger number of canyoning tourists to these geosites. Significant improvement of these elements along with improved promotional activities would bring more domestic as well as foreign tourists to these geosites which would benefit the local population and local economy through higher income and new jobs for the local community.
The contemporary state of transportation in India after COVID-19 spread: The travelers' perspective
Authors: Singh Kuldeep
Published: February 2023

In the process of unlocking India after the COVID-19 outbreak, the travel and tourism industry is resuming to revive the economy. It is substantial to examine the contemporary state of transportation in India and travelers' perspectives post COVID-19 spread. The descriptive study is aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on travel patterns of Indians, their tour plans, readiness for availing transportation services, and perspectives regarding the reoperation of transportation services in India. For this study, an online survey was conducted to gather primary data. A total of 212 responses were collected through convenient sampling. This study revealed that COVID-19 has extremely affected the perspectives and choices of people regarding different transportation services. They consider transportation a major cause of spreading the Corona virus and the railway was considered the riskiest. Although half of the respondents reported their readiness to avail public transportation and stated that reoperation of transportation services was done on time. However private vehicles were their priority not only for their regular travels but for future tours also. Travelers were doubtful about the effective implementation of rules and regulations in public transportation in India. The study provides useful understandings to the tourism & transportation authorities and operators regarding the travelers' perspective concerning transportation amid COVID-19. For further research, the perspective of transportation operators can be investigated for valuable insights and longitudinal research can also provide in-depth understandings.
Intraductal ultrasonography for biliary strictures
Authors: Cheon Young Koog
Published: February 2023

When diagnosing the nature of biliary strictures, it is sometimes difficult to perform non-invasive methods such as ultrasound, spiral computed imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, or endoscopic ultrasonography. Thus, treatment decisions are usually based on biopsy results. However, brush cytology or biopsy, which is widely used for biliary stenosis, has limitations owing to its low sensitivity and negative predictive value for malignancy. Currently, the most accurate method is bile duct tissue biopsy under direct cholangioscopy. On the other hand, intraductal ultrasonography administered under the guidance of a guidewire has the advantages of easy administration and being less invasive, allowing for adequate examination of the biliary tract and surrounding organs. This review discusses the usefulness and drawbacks of intraductal ultrasonography for biliary strictures.
Hydrodynamic Aspects of Propeller/Stator Design
Authors: Kerwin J. E. , Coney W. B. , Hsin C-Y
Published: February 2023

A theoretical method for determining optimum circulation distributions for propeller/stator combinations and determining the circumferential variation in circulation for non-axisymmetric stators is presented. Comparisons of theoretical predictions and water tunnel measurements are given for a given propeller operating behind an axisymmetric and a non-axismmetric stator. Theoretical comparisons are made between a hypothetical propeller designed to operate without a stator, and optimum propeller/stator design. This comparison includes predictions of efficiency, unsteady loading and cavitation.
Creation and Utilization of Data Base for Design and Analysis of Cavitating Screw Propellers
Authors: Kozhukharov P. G.
Published: February 2023

This paper deals with a data base created for design and analysis of cavitating screw propellers for high-speed craft. The data base consists of hydrodynamic and geometry characteristics of several systematic series of cavitating propellers. Some peculiarities are given regarding the general method for mathematical description of these characteristics, especially the proper evaluation of the cavitation number influence.

Generally, oblique flow propeller operation is considered taking into account the normal force as well.

A number of design and analysis procedures are created with subsequent computer programs developed. The database and related computerized procedures were successfully applied in the design of propellers for high speed craft. Some typical examples, illustrating the main possibilities for dealing with the data base and application software created are also presented.
Benchmark Analysis of a Series of Propellers with a Panel Method
Authors: Yang C. I. , Jessup S. D.
Published: February 2023

This paper presents calculations of the pressure distribution on propeller blade and hub surface using panel method (VSAERO). With the reference axis fixed to the propeller blade, the incompressible potential flow about the propeller blades can be described by the Laplace equation. Green's identity was used to convert the differential equation into a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. The Velocity potential on the blade surface is expressed as an integration of the potential induced by sources and doublets distributed over the surface and doublets distributed over the trailing wake. The strengths of the discretized singularities were solved by satisfying the boundary condition of zero normal flow at selected control points on the surface. Benchmark comparisons for the panel method (VSAERO) calculations presented in this paper were performed u sing experimental data reported at David Taylor Research Center (DTRC). Three DTRC propellers with different degrees of skew were investigated. Comparisons Were made between the measured and predicted Values of pressure at various operating conditions. Results of field point velocity Calculations are also presented.
Modeling of Shaft Couplings for Alignment and Vibration Calculations
Authors: Vassilopoulos L. , Heliotis A.
Published: February 2023

Shaft alignment and vibration calculations must account for the inertial, flexibility and damping Proper ties of the couplings used to connect components in the propulsion train. After a brief description of the most common mechanical fluid and electric couplings, the paper outlines the basic requirement s of the numerical methods used to analyze linear and nonlinear shaft systems. Lumped parameter models are then proposed to account for the role of rigid, dental disk, diaphragm and fluid couplings. Numerical examples and user guidance are provided with desire to three specific ship designs. Recommendations are included for further research along analytical and numerical lines.
Prediction of temperature distribution in a furnace using the incremental deep extreme learning machine
Authors: Lv Manli , Zhao Jianping , Cao Shengxian , Shen Tao , Tang Zhenhao
Published: February 2023

In this article, a data-driven model based on the incremental deep extreme learning machine (IDELM) algorithm is proposed to predict the temperature distribution in the furnace. To this end, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are carried out first to get temperature distributions under typical working conditions. Based on the air distribution mode, the simulation results are divided into six subclasses. Then the K-means clustering method is applied to find out the benchmark working condition of each subclass. Moreover, the random sampling method is used to extract samples to reduce computational complexity. Modeling inputs are selected according to the CFD boundary conditions and combustion mechanisms, and data sets are reconstructed based on the increments of each actual working condition from the benchmark working condition. Finally, an IDBN-based prediction model is built in each subclass. The experimental results show that the IDBN-based model has a promising predictive ability with less than 11% symmetric mean absolute percentage error.
Do Parents’ Socio-demographic Profiles Link with the Body Mass Index of Children Five-Year-Old and Below?
Authors: A. Bastida Christy , E. Tunan Gladys , E. San Jose Ariel
Published: February 2023

Aims: To investigate the socio-demographic profiles, nutritional status, and the significant relationship between the two variables.

Study Design:  A descriptive-correlation.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Malita, Davao Occidental, Philippines, during the first quarter of 2022.

Methodology: The study used stratified random sampling in choosing the 187 parents/guardians respondents from 24 sitios/streets. To obtain the pertinent data, the researchers adapted the Philippine National Nutrition Council [1] questionnaire and used the anthropmetric measures using the Electronic Operation Timbang Tools. Moreover, ethical considerations were observed in the conduct of the study.    

Results: Most of the respondents had 49-59 months old children males. The majority had 3-4 children, were high school level and earned below the poverty line. Most children were average in weight for age and height for age ratios. However, Body Mass Index (BMI) revealed that most children were underweight. It also showed that children's BMI, parents' educational attainment, and monthly income were not significantly associated. The results proved that children's nutrition depends not on parents' educational attainment and economic status but on several other factors.   

Conclusion: Common belief that parents’ economic status and educational attainment are link with their children's malnutrition. The results of the study prove the assumption to be non-sequitur. Children's health depends significantly on parents' understanding of good nutrition.
Potret Penerapan Perencanaan dan Pengendalian Jadwal Proyek pada Suatu Kontraktor BUMN
Authors: Widyastuti Desi , Andi Andi
Published: February 2023

Penjadwalan proyek sangat berpengaruh untuk penentuan hasil dari suatu proyek. Proyek yang dapat diselesaikan tepat waktu akan memberikan dampak yang yang sangat besar salah satu efisiensi dari segi biaya sehingga perlu dibuat dan dijaga dengan baik. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mendapatkan potret penerapan perencanaan dan pengendalian jadwal proyek pada suatu kontraktor BUMN. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuisioner dan wawancara untuk mendapatkan data dan diolah menggunakan analisa deskriptif.Data penelitian didapatkan dari 11 (sebelas) respoden dengan 8 (delapan) proyek yang berbeda. Perencanaan jadwal proyek pada kontraktor ini sudah mempertimbangkan banyak faktor. Kontraktor ini hanya menerapkan bar chart pada penggunaan jadwal konstruksi. Monitoring jadwal pada kontraktor ini sudah dipantau secara berkala namun untuk pembaharuan jadwal masih belum dilaksanakan.
Association of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Future Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Rayes Bilal , Ardissino Maddalena , Slob Eric A. W. , Patel Kiran Haresh Kumar , Girling Joanna , Ng Fu Siong
Published: February 2023

Importance

Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDPs) are major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and are observationally associated with future maternal risk of cardiovascular disease. However, observational results may be subject to residual confounding and bias.

Objective

To investigate the association of HDPs with multiple cardiovascular diseases.

Design, Setting, and Participants

A genome-wide genetic association study using mendelian randomization (MR) was performed from February 16 to March 4, 2022. Primary analysis was conducted using inverse-variance-weighted MR. Mediation analyses were performed using a multivariable MR framework. All studies included patients predominantly of European ancestry. Female-specific summary-level data from FinnGen (sixth release).

Exposures

Uncorrelated (r2<0.001) single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) were selected as instrumental variants from the FinnGen consortium summary statistics for exposures of any HDP, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia or eclampsia.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Genetic association estimates for outcomes were extracted from genome-wide association studies of 122 733 cases for coronary artery disease, 34 217 cases for ischemic stroke, 47 309 cases for heart failure, and 60 620 cases for atrial fibrillation.

Results

Genetically predicted HDPs were associated with a higher risk of coronary artery disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.24; 95% CI, 1.08-1.43; P = .002); this association was evident for both gestational hypertension (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.00-1.17; P = .04) and preeclampsia/eclampsia (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01-1.12; P = .03). Genetically predicted HDPs were also associated with a higher risk of ischemic stroke (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.12-1.44; P = 2.87 × 10−4). Mediation analysis revealed a partial attenuation of the effect of HDPs on coronary artery disease after adjustment for systolic blood pressure (total effect OR, 1.24; direct effect OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08; P = .02) and type 2 diabetes (total effect OR, 1.24; direct effect OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04-1.29; P = .008). No associations were noted between genetically predicted HDPs and heart failure (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.76-1.23; P = .79) or atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.65-1.88; P = .71).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this study provide genetic evidence supporting an association between HDPs and higher risk of coronary artery disease and stroke, which is only partially mediated by cardiometabolic factors. This supports classification of HDPs as risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Navigating the Expanded Access Pathway to Investigational Drugs as an Academic Oncologist
Authors: Fernandez Lynch Holly , Salam Tasnim , Gould Patrick , Bateman-House Alison , Kimberly Laura
Published: February 2023

This qualitative study explores academic oncologists’ needs and satisfaction with expanded patient access to investigational drugs.
Antipsychotic Medication Use Among Older Adults Following Infection-Related Hospitalization
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Wilkins James M. , Bessette Lily Gui , York Cassandra , Wong Vincent , Lin Kueiyu Joshua
Published: February 2023

Importance

There are limited data on discontinuation rates of antipsychotic medications (APMs) used to treat delirium due to acute hospitalization in the routine care of older adults.

Objective

To investigate discontinuation rates and patient characteristics of APMs used to treat delirium following infection-related hospitalization among older US adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study was conducted using US claims data (Optum’s deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart database) for January 1, 2004, to May 31, 2022. Patients were aged 65 years or older without prior psychiatric disorders and had newly initiated an APM prescription within 30 days of an infection-related hospitalization. Statistical analysis was performed on December 15, 2022.

Exposures

New use (no prior use any time before cohort entry) of oral haloperidol and atypical APMs (aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, etc).

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was APM discontinuation, defined as a gap of more than 15 days following the end of an APM dispensing. Survival analyses and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used.

Results

Our study population included 5835 patients. Of these individuals, 790 (13.5%) were new haloperidol users (mean [SD] age, 81.5 [6.7] years; 422 women [53.4%]) and 5045 (86.5%) were new atypical APM users (mean [SD] age, 79.8 [7.0] years; 2636 women [52.2%]). The cumulative incidence of discontinuation by 30 days after initiation was 11.4% (95% CI, 10.4%-12.3%) among atypical APM users and 52.1% (95% CI, 48.2%-55.7%) among haloperidol users (P < .001 for difference between haloperidol vs atypical APMs). We observed an increasing trend in discontinuation rates from 2004 to 2022 (5% increase [95% CI, 3%-7%] per year) for haloperidol users (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.05 [1.03-1.07]; P < .001) but not for atypical APM users (1.00 [0.99-1.01]; P = .67). Prolonged hospitalization and dementia were inversely associated with the discontinuation of haloperidol and atypical APMs.

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this cohort study suggest that the discontinuation rate of newly initiated APMs for delirium following infection-related hospitalization was lower in atypical APM users than in haloperidol users, with prolonged hospitalization and dementia as major associated variables. The discontinuation rate was substantially higher in recent years for haloperidol but not for atypical APMs.
MET exon 14 skipping mutation is a hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)‐dependent oncogenic driver in vitro and in humanised HGF knock‐in mice
Authors: Fernandes Marie , Hoggard Brynna , Jamme Philippe , Paget Sonia , Truong Marie‐José , Grégoire Valérie , Vinchent Audrey , Descarpentries Clotilde , Morabito Angela , Stanislovas Justas , Farage Enoir , Meneboo Jean‐Pascal , Sebda Shéhérazade , Bouchekioua‐Bouzaghou Katia , Nollet Marie , Humez Sarah , Perera Timothy , Fromme Paul , Grumolato Luca , Figeac Martin , Copin Marie‐Christine , Tulasne David , Cortot Alexis B. , Kermorgant Stéphanie , Kherrouche Zoulika
Published: February 2023

Exon skipping mutations of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase (METex14), increasingly reported in cancers, occur in 3–4% of non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Only 50% of patients have a beneficial response to treatment with MET‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), underlying the need to understand the mechanism of METex14 oncogenicity and sensitivity to TKIs. Whether METex14 is a driver mutation and whether it requires hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) for its oncogenicity in a range of in vitro functions and in vivo has not been fully elucidated from previous preclinical models. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we developed a METex14/WT isogenic model in nontransformed human lung cells and report that the METex14 single alteration was sufficient to drive MET‐dependent in vitro anchorage‐independent survival and motility and in vivo tumorigenesis, sensitising tumours to MET‐TKIs. However, we also show that human HGF (hHGF) is required, as demonstrated in vivo using a humanised HGF knock‐in strain of mice and further detected in tumour cells of METex14 NSCLC patient samples. Our results also suggest that METex14 oncogenicity is not a consequence of an escape from degradation in our cell model. Thus, we developed a valuable model for preclinical studies and present results that have potential clinical implication.
The etiology of clonal mosaicism in human aging and disease
Authors: Massaar Sanne , Sanders Mathijs A.
Published: February 2023

Our DNA is consistently assaulted by a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic mutational factors. Fortunately, DNA repair provides for protective barriers that limit the full manifestation of DNA damage. Yet, DNA repair represents no panacea as DNA damage continuously slips through these erected defenses and materializes as mutation, which can have undesirable consequences as seen for cancer. Acquisition of early driver mutations can engender mutated stem cells with increased cellular fitness resulting in clonal expansion (CE) and increased risk of malignant disease. Tissue clonal mosaicism as observed in the elderly is therefore the natural outcome of continuous driver mutation acquisition in stem cells and their subsequent clonal outgrowth. Hence, a major emerging theme is that CE is an idiosyncrasy of the aging human tissue. This phenomenon can have diverse health consequences that we here divide into three categories: cancer, non‐cancer morbidity, and disease protection. This review outlines current day knowledge on clonal outgrowth, how it relates to health and aging, and how in the framework of DNA repair deficiencies these subjects are consolidated.
Blowing Ultrathin 2D Materials
Authors: Luo Yongxin , Liu Kaisi , Jin Hongrun , Wang Zidong , Dai Simin , Huang Liang
Published: February 2023

2D materials possess a range of unique and exclusive properties due to their ultrathin feature, leading their forefront role in several research areas, including electronics, photonics, catalysis and renewable energy. To ensure a wider application for high‐quality 2D materials, there is a global pursuit to find new “industrial scale” methodologies for the facile fabrication of advanced 2D materials. Blowing method is a general and scalable strategy for synthesizing ultrathin materials with layered or nonlayered structures, which opens up a new avenue for economic and massive preparation of good‐quality nonlayered 2D nanosheets. This minireview summarizes the specific steps and principles of blowing method, focuses on the recent progress in preparing different categories of 2D materials, and further proposes an outlook for future opportunities in this growing field.
Aging Effects on the Exciton Relaxation and Diffusion Processes in CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals
Authors: Cretí Arianna , Lomascolo Mauro , Zhang Yuhai , De Giorgi Maria Luisa , Mohammed Omar F. , Anni Marco
Published: February 2023

Fully inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have been widely investigated due to their potential as very interesting active materials for several types of photonic and optoelectronic devices. Despite several experiments designed to investigate the basic emission properties of these NCs, a clear and complete understanding of their photophysics is still missing. In this work, temperature‐dependent steady state and time‐resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements are used to investigate the nature of the emitting states, the origin of the excitation relaxation dynamics and the effects of aging upon long exposure to wet air for thin films of CsPbBr3 NCs prepared by coprecipitation. It is demonstrated that both free excitons and localized excitons contribute to the NC emission and that electron traps within the conduction band, ≈14 meV and ≈80 meV above the band edge, determine thermal emission quenching. Moreover, it is shown that the non‐exponential PL relaxation dynamics are due to short‐range energy migration within a disordered distribution of localized states between 10 and 100 K, with activation of a second, long‐range diffusion process at higher temperatures. It is also demonstrated that aging determines the variations in defect levels, exciton‐phonon coupling and exciton relaxation dynamics. The results substantially improve the current understanding of the basic photophysics of CsPbBr3 NC films and of the aging effects and are expected to provide a useful guide for future characterization of other similar materials.
An Unexpected Electrochemical Performance Enabled by In Situ Formed Quasi‐Metal‐Semiconductor Heterojunction with Innumerous P‐Type Anti‐Barrier Layer
Authors: Li Yu , Cai Jinyan , Zhang Jiawei , Chen Zhen , Wang Gongming , Chen Qingguo , Chen Minghua
Published: February 2023

Nickel/cobalt‐based materials with diffusion‐controlled redox reactions have shown potential as the battery‐type electrode for battery‐supercapacitor hybrid devices. However, the sluggish redox kinetics and poor structural durability greatly restrict the rate capability and cycling lifespans of these materials to match up with activated carbon electrodes. Herein, an in situ split quasi‐metal‐semiconductor (CoO‐Ni3N) heterostructure is constructed via a simple hydrothermal reaction, delivering a superior areal capacitance of ≈3800 mF cm−2 (≈sevenfold higher than bare CoO and Ni3N) and top‐level cycling performances (32 000 cycles with ≈98% retention) among the battery‐type materials in supercapacitors. The P‐type anti‐barrier layer formed at the CoO‐Ni3N heterostructure interface with a sufficiently large depletion width, effectively optimizes the electron structures and OH− adsorption abilities of building blocks. In situ Raman and various ex situ characterizations uncover that the CoO‐Ni3N heterostructure undergoes different redox routes with enhanced reversibility and kinetics compared to building blocks, which are responsible for the improved capacitance and rate performance. Based on the designed electrode, the assembled device shows rare rate performance and cycling lifespans in the context of previous reports. The work unravels the role of heterojunctions in semiconductor theory and may extend to heterostructure design in other electrochemical energy storage fields.
Intraneural vascularity of the median, ulnar and common peroneal nerve: Microvascular ultrasound and pathophysiological implications
Authors: Deeg Johannes , Mündel Felix , Loizides Alexander , Gruber Leonhard , Gruber Hannes
Published: February 2023

Objectives

Changes in the microvascular environment are considered crucial in the pathogenesis of compression neuropathies. Several studies have demonstrated elevated intraneural vascularity in severe neuropathy compared with healthy subjects, where intraneural vascularity is considered predominantly undetectable. The aim of this study was to assess and quantify intraneural vasculature by superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in healthy volunteers in the median, ulnar and common peroneal nerve.

Methods

Intraneural vascularity was quantified in 26 healthy volunteers (312 segments overall) by SMI sonography using a 22‐MHz linear transducer. Individual nerve segment vascularity was compared with the mean vascularity using one‐way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests, respectively. Vendor‐provided quantification and manual vessel count were compared by linear regression analysis.

Results

Intraneural vascularity was detectable in all nerve segments (100.0%). Vessel density was highest in the median nerve at the wrist (1.54 ± 0.44/mm2, P < 0.0001) and lowest in the sulcal ulnar nerve (0.90 ± 0.34/mm2, P < 0.0001). Vendor‐provided automated quantification severely overestimated vascular content compared with manual quantification.

Conclusion

Superb microvascular imaging can facilitate the visualisation of nerve vascularity and even detect local variations in vessel density. The pathophysiological implications for peripheral neuropathies, especially compression neuropathies, warrant further investigation, but the absence of visible intraneural vasculature as a negative finding in the diagnostic of compression neuropathies should be interpreted with caution, as the intraneural vascularity may lie beyond the 18 MHz resolution power of a transducer.
Integration of Conductive Nanocomposites and Nanomembranes for High‐Performance Stretchable Conductors
Authors: Kim Hye Jin , Jung Dongjun , Sunwoo Sung-Hyuk , Jung Sonwoo , Koo Ja Hoon , Kim Dae-Hyeong
Published: February 2023

Stretchable metallic nanocomposites are viable material candidates for high‐performance soft biointerfacing electrodes. However, it is still challenging to fabricate a stretchable metallic nanocomposite that features outstanding charge transfer capability and low impedance as well as high conductivity and mechanical stability. Herein, a material strategy for a stretchable conductor that meets such requirements by integrating stretchable conductive nanocomposites with stretchable conductive nanomembranes (NMs) is presented. The silver nanowire (Ag NW) NM fabricated by the float assembly method is integrated with the Ag NW nanocomposite prepared by the drop‐casting method. The compactly assembled NWs in the NM maximize conductivity by reinforcing the percolation networks of the nanocomposite. Moreover, the NM lowers impedance by allowing efficient charge transfer to the target tissue through the exposed NWs. After their integration, a high conductivity of ≈35 700 S cm−1 is obtained, and the impedance is decreased by ≈88.9% (at 1000 Hz) in comparison with the original Ag NW‐based nanocomposite (i.e., without integration of the NM). The soft bioelectrode using the stretchable conductor successfully records electrograms from the rat heart, recognizes various arrhythmic events, and applies feedback pacing.