bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaction of natural and architectural landscapes using the example of a city Kharkiv
Authors: Loktionova Olena
Published: May 2024

The article traces the development of the architectural landscape of the city of Kharkov from the moment of the foundation of the Kharkov Fort to the present day. The research shows the main stages: the rise of the fortress of Kharkov (since 1654), the status of a province (since 1787), the development of Kharkov as a cultural and educational center (since 1804), the first World War and revolution (since 1917), second World War and military renewal (from 1941), the creation of Ukraine's Independence (since 1991), a daily war (since 2022). At the skin stage, the infusion of the natural landscape and relief features into the creation and development of the place can be observed. We drew a parallel with the historical concepts and developments of the city, considered the interaction of the architectural landscape with natural transitions, observed connections between compositional dominants and relief differences, so it was search of the spacious accents of the city.
According to the research, a spatial model of the city of Kharkov was formulated. The historical center which is the compositional core of the spatial framework is strengthened by dominants. It has a radial ring system of streets perpendicular to the riverbeds. The center of Kharkov is connected with the periphery by compositional and functional axes - the main highways. Active peripheral development enhances the elevations of the relief; buildings in the lowlands is predominantly featureless. Relief features of the landscape, such as embankments and parks, are points of attraction for people what playing an important role in shaping the architectural landscape of the city.
So, we formulate opinion about the geological and geographical aspect of the architectural landscape of the Kharkov, determine the look at the further development of the architectural landscape of the apparently natural, and emphasize respect of the importance of using relief features in the city.
Analysis of the planning, functional, and volumetric-spatial organization of temporary settlements
Authors: Amosov Iurii
Published: May 2024

This article examines the experience of planning temporary settlements for the affected and displaced persons, evaluating global and domestic approaches. The analysis encompasses urban planning situations, volumetric-spatial, and functional-planning organization of temporary residential structures, defining typological characteristics and categorizing them.
The main focus is on the functioning of temporary settlements using open, semi-open, and closed systems within the structure of habitation.
The analysis of global practical experience reveals that at the urban planning level, temporary settlements constitute a structural and planning element primarily constrained by the population size and the potential use of existing service infrastructure. These indicators dictate the placement of this element (temporary settlement) within the settlement system and its functional purpose (transit or long-term settlements), consequently influencing the operational period (from a few months to half a year, up to 1 year, over 1 year, or indefinitely).
The most common type is a settlement with a population capacity of up to 500 individuals, with the distinction of a residential zone as the main, and in some cases, the only zone (without the development of a public area or a common space core). Less widespread are settlements with a population capacity of over 500 to 1000 individuals, where a public center with facilities for domestic services, recreation, education, and work-related activities begins to form, mainly in the central core of the structure. An uncommon type of settlement is a residential structure with a capacity exceeding 1000 individuals, featuring the development of a comprehensive public center with a hierarchical network of sub-centers for social and domestic services and recreation, serving as nuclei for the formation of residential groups. Such settlements operate as closed self-servicing systems, meaning they are not dependent on functional connections with the community or the city within the settlement system.
The planning aspects derived from global and Ukrainian experiences necessitate defining a temporary settlement as a new element in the urban planning system. Additionally, there is a need for further typological grouping of the reviewed examples of temporary settlements based on their interdependent developmental characteristics.
Urban Conservation: A Transformational Vision for an Abandoned Hindu Temple in Lahore
Authors: Haider Jarrar , Rafique Saima , Asim Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Lahore is an ancient city known for its diverse culture, art, and history, which is nearly 2,000 years old. Before the partition of the subcontinent, Lahore served as a home not only to Muslims but also to Sikhs, Christians, Jains, Hindus, and other religions. There were many places of worship built for different religions at that time. After partition, the majority of the Hindus migrated to India and left behind their abandoned worship places, that is, temples. These temples were occupied by the Muslims who migrated to Lahore from India. With the passage of time, they have declined significantly and need proper measures for their preservation. These abandoned temples are one of the significant remains of Lahore’s rich cultural background. Therefore, it is imperative to conserve these structures. One of the historically significant temples is the Old Basuli Hanuman temple. This study mainly focuses on the conservation of this prestigious temple, located on Aibak Road adjacent to the new Anarkali Bazar. It attempts to identify the barriers to the conservation of Hindu temples and formulates strategies that can be used for their conservation. These may include the restoration or reconstruction of the temple back to its original identity or changing it to a completely different economically and aesthetically beneficial structure. Furthermore, this study aims to pave the way for the preservation not only of the Old Basuli Hanuman temple but also of other neglected heritage sites.
The Intelligence of Nations. National IQs and Correlates
Authors: Henss Ronald
Published: May 2024

Intelligence is by far the most important human trait. This holds true at the level of individuals as well as at the level of nations. The average cognitive performance of their inhabitants is the most important determinant of the social, cultural, and economic development of nations. The article considers cognitive ability of nations from the perspective of psychometric intelligence research, international student assessment studies, and Piaget’s developmental psychology. Based on up-to-date data, the national IQ of 205 countries is estimated. Then it is shown that national IQs are closely related to a wide range of variables from different domains of life. Overall, it is demonstrated that the central findings of psychometric intelligence research hold unchanged. A special feature is the consideration of non-linear relationships. Using a specific threshold model derived from Piagetian developmental psychology, it is shown that the importance of national IQs is greater than previously known.
Protection of Complex Network Systems From Targeted Attacks and Non-Target Lesions
Authors: Polishchuk Olexandr
Published: May 2024

A comparative analysis of structural and flow approaches to study the vulnerability of complex network systems (NS) from targeted attacks and non-target lesions of various types is carried out. Typical structural and functional scenarios of successive targeted attacks on the most important by certain criteria system elements are considered, and scenarios of simultaneous group attacks on the most important NS's components are proposed. The problem of system lesions scale from heterogeneous negative influences is investigated. It was confirmed that the flow approach allows us to obtain a much more realistic picture of such lesions consequences. It is shown that the scenarios of group targeted attacks built on the basis of on NC flow model are more optimal from the point of view of selecting attack targets than structural ones.
Thermodynamics of cordierite formation during firing of water-permeable ceramics
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Logvinkov S.M. , Davydova O.Y. , Ivashura A.A. , Borysenko O.M. ,   National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Shabanova H.M. , Korohodska A.M.
Published: May 2024

The analysis of the influence of an increase in firing temperature on the thermodynamic possibilities of solid-phase chemical reactions in the MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 system in the direction of cordierite formation has been conducted. The thermodynamic direction of solid-phase reactions in the MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 system allows determining rational firing temperatures of materials containing cordierite for the manufacture of products for various purposes. During low-temperature firing (up to 1200 K) of finely dispersed masses based on talc-clay-alumina compositions, materials with high open porosity but low strength characteristics can be obtained. This is because the reactive sintering mainly occurs due to reactions forming intermediates for cordierite synthesis and incomplete processes of destruction in natural mineral raw materials. In the firing temperature range of 1200–1500 K, the thermodynamic probability of reactions immediately via several cordierite formation mechanisms increases, which should limit the growth of individual crystals while increasing their quantity. This should positively affect the strength and heat resistance of materials due to low values of the thermal coefficient of linear expansion. Firing temperatures of 1500–1659 K correspond to the limits for cordierite formation and contribute to the consolidation of the material with a change in the nature of porosity from open to closed. Exceeding firing temperatures above 1659 K results in the thermodynamic instability of the cordierite-corundum phase combination and can lead to the formation of defects due to the appearance of a significant amount of melt in the phase composition of the material.
Evaluation of the activity of amine hardeners of epoxy resins
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Poloz O.Yu. , Prosyanik O.V. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Farat O.K. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Ebich Yu.R. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology
Published: May 2024

With the appearance of new epoxy resins and amines, which are widely used for hardening epoxy compositions using energy-saving technology (at "ordinary" temperatures), on the world market, the targeted selection of these materials to provide the desired technological and operational properties becomes relevant. In order to predictively choose amine hardeners for epoxy resins, their quantum-chemical calculations were performed using the semi-empirical parameterized 3 (PM3) method. The energy value of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of amines and the absolute value of the energy gap || (the absolute difference in energies between the HOMO of amines and the lower vacant molecular orbital (LUMO) of epoxy resins) were used. The relationships between the absolute value of the energy gap || and the main technological parameters of the curing process of dian epoxy resin ED-20 with individual amines were established with pairwise correlation coefficients of not less than 0.977. The evaluation of the activity of modified polyamines and their mixtures in hardening epoxy resins is proposed to be carried out based on the maximum temperature of the exothermic reaction of interaction between the epoxy groups of resins and the amine groups of hardeners. The possibility of adjusting the temperature of the exothermic hardening reaction of epoxy compositions and their "viability" time by introducing epoxy-containing diluents with different values of the LUMO energy was shown.
Advertising campaign performance evaluation indicators: essential analysis
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine, Harmider Larysa , Kutsynskyi Andrii ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine, Kutsynska Mariia ,   Ekoplast Stantsl Ukraine Ltd, Dnipro, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

The current state of the research of the theoretical basis for evaluating the effectiveness of the advertising campaign, presented in the special and scientific literature, is analyzed, the results of which indicate that attention is paid to these issues and problems. At the same time, with regard to the theoretical aspects of evaluating the effectiveness of an advertising campaign taking into account various factors and influencing factors, it is appropriate to note that such issues are described quite concisely in the recommendations of marketing practitioners or are summarized in scientific works, which, in turn, emphasizes the importance of creating such scientific basis for application in the practical activity of economic entities of various forms of ownership under modern conditions of functioning of the Ukrainian market. The indicators proposed for use by practitioners to evaluate the effectiveness of the advertising campaign were analyzed, and they were divided into two groups: marketing and financial. Marketing indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of an advertising campaign include: CTR (clickability rate); CR (conversion rate); CPC (cost per click); CPM (cost per thousand impressions); CPA (cost per action); CPI (cost per mobile app install). Financial indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of an advertising campaign include: ROAS (return on investment in advertising); ROI (return on investment ratio); ROMI (marketing return on investment ratio); CAC (cost of attracting a new customer); LTV (profit during the period of cooperation with the client). The essence and functional purpose of marketing and financial indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the advertising campaign are analyzed.
Problems of accounting for work payment calculations during the period of martial status and ways of improvement
Authors:   Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine, Kravchenko E. , Kobets T. ,   Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

The article carries out a comprehensive study of the problems of labor and its payment under martial law. There is a well-known multi-level regulatory regulation of wages. Job loss due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The standard definition of the concept of "salary" and its content are analyzed. It was established that "salary" is not defined by law. The current state of payroll accounting and its reflection in the accounting policy is analyzed. As a result of the study of activities during the martial law period, the most controversial issues of receiving funds from employers, the largest employees and the state, which is becoming more widespread, have been clarified. Changes to the current legislation and new methods of regulating labor relations related to martial law are evaluated. The basics of accounting and taxation of wages in the conditions of martial law and ways to solve them are given. It is proposed to make changes at the legislative level of a part of the state in the specifics at the initiative of the employer in the conditions of martial law of termination of the employment contract. It was noted the need for the employer to use all possible measures to ensure the realization of the rights of employees to receive current wages during wartime. The importance of accounting and taxation of wages in the conditions of martial law is determined. This stipulates that the employer is obliged to pay wages under the specified conditions defined by the employment contract and in accordance with current legislation. Each payment must be accompanied by a transfer of personal income tax, military duty and a single social contribution. In case of impossibility of payment of wages due to hostilities, payment may be suspended only until the moment when the enterprise can use its main activity. The results presented in the article have a practical orientation, so subjects of entrepreneurial activity can be used to solve problems related to payment of labor. martial law, wages, taxation, legislation, accounting of payments.
State of tourism development and directions of state regulation of tourism policy in Ukraine
Authors:   State biotechnological university (SBTU), Kharkiv, Ukraine, Khudaverdiyeva Viktoriya
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the current problems of the state's tourism industry, their impact on the state of the state's economic development, and the main aspects of improving the state's economy management mechanisms in the context of the development of the tourism industry are defined. For most countries of the world, 2020 will be remembered as the year of the outbreak of the pandemic, which appeared as a result of the spread of the acute respiratory disease COVID-19. Modern tourism, without a doubt, integrates almost all industries. Tourism is definitely one of the highly profitable industries. Tourism forms up to 10% of the total GDP of EU countries. In the developed countries of the world, tourism contributes to the socio-economic development of countries. The purpose of this work is to consider the essence of tourism as a socio-economic phenomenon and the peculiarities of its development in Ukraine. Such features of tour operating require significant organizational skills from the top management of the company, and the ability to effectively work process in the company. Therefore, the activity of a tourist operator is a natural combination of work cycles in relation to specific tours or programs. The article identifies the importance of the hospitality and tourism industry, which is a vital source of income due to tourism revenues and the attraction of foreign direct investment, as well as jobs, especially for women and youth. The start of hostilities on the territory of Ukraine, the closure of external and internal borders in February 2022, not only reduced the revenues of tourism companies to zero, but also led to significant losses in some cases. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) predicts an unprecedented crisis and a reduction in tourism revenues in the world up to 45%, if the conflict continues until September, this indicator may reach 70%. Since the field of tourism is an important part of the economy of many countries, this will lead to a negative impact on the macroeconomic indicators of the countries in which the field of tourism is the most developed. Many countries have taken decisive measures to support the tourism sector, but this may not be enough to restore the tourism sector. One of the main goals is to support tourism companies and their employees.
Digital literacy of future teachers-psychologists
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Khassenkyzy Т. , Аkramova А.S. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: May 2024

Digital technologies expand the boundaries of access to education in the education system, on the basis of which virtual laboratories, video lectures, online courses are created, mobile electronic educational resources are actively used. The article discusses the importance of digital literacy as an employee of the field of education, as well as teachers-psychologists. In particular, the digital literacy of a teacher-psychologist is socio-psychological support and optimal adaptation of the younger generation, which allows effective pedagogical and psychological support not only through personal communication, but also through digital communication. The study described five main levels of digital literacy - information literacy, computer literacy, media literacy, communication literacy, innovation and literacy in the implementation of technological changes. In the course of the research work, an analysis of the concept of digital literacy in the scientific literature was carried out, a review of the history of this problem and the works of domestic and foreign scientists who examined it was conducted. It is also considered how a future educational psychologist can use digital literacy in their activities. During the research work at the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, surveys were conducted to identify the digital literacy of 4th-year students studying in the specialty "Pedagogy and Psychology" and their results were analyzed. In the course of the study, in order to improve the digital literacy of future teachers-psychologists, a practical platform "digital development platform" worked. The experimental period of the study was conducted in May and September, the results of the survey for two months were compared and the intermediate dynamics were determined. The successful results of the "Digital Development Platform" were taken into account and other ways of improving the digital literacy of future teachers-psychologists were considered.
Manifestation of ethnic revival through national elements in clothing
Authors:   Astana IT University, Issakhanova A.A.
Published: May 2024

This article is devoted to the signs of the manifestation of ethnic revival through national symbols in the elements of clothing of modern Kazakh society. The object of the study is Kazakhstanis living in the city of Astana, the age of the study participants: 16 - 30 years, which corresponds to the age qualification of the youth of the republic in the law on youth. The purpose of the study: to study the semantic features of the use of national symbols in the clothes of modern Kazakh youth. To achieve the purpose of the study, an applied empirical study was conducted using the Google Forms. Based on the theoretical analysis and analysis of the data obtained on this study, it was concluded that the ethnic revival of modern Kazakh society manifests itself vividly through the use of national symbols in the clothes of Kazakhstanis, for self-identification, self-manifestation and the construction of their own image with distinctive characteristics. This phenomenon of self-determination and demonstration of one's ethnic uniqueness is a transformation of Kazakh society due to changes in the standards of successful socialization of young people through the adoption of ethnic characteristics, new ideas and an increase in the importance of ethno-cultural values, ethnic self-identification manifested in interaction, the choice of external attributes emphasizing uniqueness and ethnicity. The analysis of the manifestation of ethnic revival through symbolic images used in clothing today is one of the important elements of the study of the peculiarities of social interaction in the country, not only for Kazakhstani researchers but also for foreign colleagues focused on the peculiarities of the development and change of social groups.
Gas Sensors Based on Nanostructures of Binary and Ternary Oxide Systems
Authors: Nalimova S. S. , Moshnikov V. A. , Shomakhov Z. V. , Kondratev V. M.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Nanomaterials based on binary and multicomponent oxides are of interest for the development of catalysts, photocatalysts, gas sensors, solar cells, as well as in other fields. The most effective methods to produce oxide systems of various compositions are those of chemical co-deposition, as well as two-stage approaches.

Aim. To develop sensor nanomaterials based on ZnO, Zn–Fe–O, and Zn–Sn–O ternary oxide nanosystems, as well as to develop methods for assessing their properties.

Materials and methods. ZnO and ZnFe2O4 nanopowders were synthesized by chemical coprecipitation, and ZnFe2O4 and Zn2SnO4 nanostructures were produced by modifying ZnO nanowires. The surface chemical composition and microstructure were studied using scanning electron microscopy, backscattered electron diffraction, and Xray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sensor responses of the samples to vapors of organic solvents were analyzed.

Results. The response value of zinc oxide and zinc ferrite samples synthesized by chemical coprecipitation was found to be 2–4 orders of magnitude higher than that of modified zinc oxide nanowires. The formation of ternary oxide nanostructures led to an increase in the sensor response of zinc oxide nanowires. This effect can be explained by the formation of adsorption sites of various types during formation of such systems. The samples produced by chemical coprecipitation showed an extremely high sensor response. This may be due to the formation of fractal structures at the percolation threshold.

Conclusion. ZnO and ZnFe2O4 oxide nanostructures produced by chemical coprecipitation exhibit a high sensor response to acetone and ethanol vapors. Methods for the formation of multicomponent oxide systems with improved sensor properties compared to the original zinc oxide nanowires were developed. The resultant sensor nanomaterials are promising for use as sensitive layers of gas sensors for detecting organic solvent vapors.
Low-Profile Differentially-Fed Tightly-Coupled Dipole Array
Authors: Bobkov I. N. , Yukhanov Yu. V.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Tightly coupled dipoles currently belong to one of the most popular types of antenna arrays. Their main advantages include an electrically low-profile height, the ability to scan the beam across a wide sector of angles without the onset of scan blindness, and a low level of cross-polarization. In recent years, the number of publications on the topic of antenna arrays of this type has increased significantly. The authors have paid sufficient attention to baluns included in the antenna array elements. However, the possibility of implementing a differentially-fed scheme in antenna arrays of this type remains poorly studied. This makes the study of this subject especially relevant in the development of radio devices where such feed technique is preferable.

Aim. Differentially-fed tightly-coupled dipole array design and study.

Materials and methods. The following materials were used to create the prototype: copper sheet, ceramic glass substrate ST-50-1, dielectric RO3003. A numerical study of the characteristics was carried out in the ANSYS HFSS environment; an experimental study of the prototype was carried out in an anechoic chamber using an automated measuring complex and a vector network analyzer.

Results. The results of designing a planar antenna array of tightly-coupled dipoles for the X-band are presented. In the antenna array, each of the dipole arms is fed using a separate coaxial cable, while the two arms of one dipole are fed out-of-phase. The results of a numerical study of the characteristics of an 8 × 8 antenna array made from the developed elements are presented. Across the range from 6.5 to 12.25 GHz, the average active VSWR does not exceed 3, while the gain varies from 21.5 to 25.7 dBi. The possibility of beam scanning in a sector of angles up to ±45° is shown. The results of an experimental study of the radiation characteristics and matching of the prototype of a single element are presented.

Conclusion. The importance of taking into account the effects that arise at the edges of finite antenna arrays during simulations is shown. The feasibility of manufacturing and measuring antenna array prototypes with a large number of elements is experimentally confirmed. The proposed element design demonstrates the possibility of implementing the differentially-fed scheme in tightly coupled antenna arrays.
From DVB-S to DVB-S2X: Progress in Standardization of Digital Satellite Broadcasting Systems
Authors: Kolomensky K. Yu. , Demidova A. Yu. , Kazarinov A. S.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The article presents a brief history of the European and international standardization process in the field of digital video broadcasting (DVB) systems as applied to satellite broadcasting. The advantages of new systems are considered. The results of a comparative analysis of their main characteristics in relation to previous versions are given.

Aim. To study the current progress in the standardization of digital satellite broadcasting systems, to analyze their new features and capabilities, to compare their main characteristics, and to distinguish the advantages of new systems in relation to previous versions.

Materials and methods. Documents of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and the International Telecommunication Union related to the standardization of satellite broadcasting systems from DVB-S to DVB-S2X were studied. A comparative analysis of the main functions and characteristics of the systems under consideration was carried out.

Results. New functions and features introduced in the DVB-S2 system were analyzed, including the Time-Slicing (Annex M) option, which allows receivers to select and decode a specific stream carrying one or more services of interest without wasting resources on processing other streams. New DVB-S2X system options were considered, including the SuperFraming Structure (Annex E) option, which ensures increased immunity to co-channel interference from neighboring beam signals, as well as support for future developments related to beam hopping. The advantages of channel aggregation in DVB-S2X were illustrated, which allows the capacity of two or three transponders to be shared in order to increase the statistical multiplexing ratio in the case of UHDTV programs.

Conclusion. The standardization of digital satellite broadcasting systems provides an opportunity for equipment developers and manufacturers to use the latest technologies and methods, while relying on internationally recognized standards. This allows, on the one hand, the equipment of digital satellite broadcasting systems and the consumer quality of the services provided to be constantly improved, and, on the other hand, the cost of chips and equipment produced to be optimized.
Optimization of the Weight Processing Algorithm in Multichannel Doppler Filtering
Authors: Koshelev V. I. , Trinh Ngoc Hieu
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The use of non-equidistant pulse sequences as probing radar signals makes it possible to eliminate blind spots in speed and range. However, the implementation of multi-channel Doppler filtering (MDF) based on the classical fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm of non-equidistant signal samples in the signal detection problem is associated with energy losses. The use of modified FFT algorithms increases the efficiency of MDF against the background of white Gaussian noise, while reducing the efficiency of signal accumulation in the part of signal processing channels blocked by the narrow-band clutter. To eliminate this drawback, the authors previously proposed using combined classical and modified FFT algorithms. However, the use of the combined method does not lead to an optimal solution in terms of MDF efficiency.

Aim. Optimization of weight processing of non-equidistant signals to improve the efficiency of MDF.

Materials and methods. An MDF synthesis was carried out using optimization procedures, and the effectiveness of the algorithms was assessed using computer calculations.

Results. The results show that the Kaiser Bessel window with a window parameter of 4.42 provides the highest signal-(clutter+noise) ratio improvement coefficient averaged over frequency channels equal to 30.06 dB and the highest probability of correct signal detection averaged over MDF channels equal to 0.5 at processing of non-equidistant pulse sequences. Optimization of the weight processing of MDF under the specified conditions increased the average efficiency characteristics used of up to 53.18 dB and 0.92, respectively.

Conclusion. Separate optimization of weighting processing for each frequency channel can significantly improve the average efficiency characteristics of a multichannel Doppler filter and eliminate all the shortcomings of the classical and modified FFT algorithms when processing non-equidistant pulse sequences. However, these advantages are achieved at the cost of not using the FFT, i.e., implemented within the framework of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithm.
Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Using iPSC in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Ibrahim Sabri , Ramadhan Hafiz
Published: May 2024

Damage to the spinal cord is the pathological condition known as spinal cord injury (SCI) or spinal cord injury. This ailment, which not only causes neurological impairments but also places a significant psychological and social burden on patients, has grown to be one of the most challenging worldwide health issues. A successful stem cell-based treatment has just been created and could be the answer to this medical issue. It has been demonstrated that iPSC-dNSC stem cells are efficient at both reducing post-traumatic inflammatory conditions and kicking off neuronal cell regeneration at the location of SCI lesions. The aim of this study to investigate the the effectiveness of using iPSC in spinal cord injury. This study used the literature review method by discovering articles using the search engine Google Scholar, and PubMed. According to the search results, 413 articles were obtained in accordance with the title of the study, but 8 articles met the inclusion criteria in this study. The findings of this study showed that the iPSC methodology was applied, as well as the advantages and results of the procedure. Using iPSCs to treat SCI is still challenging and needs additional investigation.
PERMODELAN KURVA BAN BERPARAMETER MEKANIK MENGGUNAKAN FUNGSI BEZIER
Authors: M. Sabri
Published: May 2024

Kajian ini menguraikan model kurva ganda yang membangun selongsong untuk analisis getaran bebas ban radial. Model dibentuk berdasarkan teori selongsong dengan deformasi geser turunan tinggi. Geometri ban dan medan gerak perubahan bentuknya diwujudkan berdasarkan kaedah polynomial Bezier dalam koordinat kurva linier orthogonal, dan kaedah Ritz digunakan untuk menghitung frekuensi natural ragam perubahan bentuk ban. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kaedah ini memberikan perubahan bentuk yang lebih tepat, terkumpul lebih cepat dan tidak memerlukan waktu eksekusi lama dibanding dengan metode elemen hingga tegangan geser benda solid turunan pertama. Kaedah ini menunjukkan juga jejak akibat dari beberapa parameter fisik seperti tekanan angin ban, massa tapak terhadap frekuensi natural ban.
PENGARUH JARAK SUDU TERHADAP PRESTASI TURBIN VORTEX BERPENAMPANG LINGKARAN DENGAN DIAMETER SUDU 46 CM
Authors: Sinaga Lendeber , Syahril Gultom  , Taufiq bin Nur  , Sitorus Tulus B. , Himsar Ambarita  , Mahadi
Published: May 2024

Salah satu sumber energi saat ini yang banyak dilakukan penelitian adalah arus air.Dimana Indonesia adalah Negara agraris yang menghasilkan air secara terus menerus, sehingga turbin air lebih diutamakan dari turbin angin. Biasanya microhydro ataupun picohydro memanfaatkan air terjun dengan head jatuh yang besar, sedangkan aliran sungai dengan head jatuh yang kecil dimanfaatkan dengan optimal[1]. Hal ini menjadi referensi untuk memanfaatan aliran sungai dengan mengubahnya menjadi aliran vortex. Tujuan dari rancang bangun ini adalah untuk mendapatkan rancangan casing turbin vortex dengan berpenampang lingkaran berbahan akrilik, rancangan poros, rancangan sudu berbahan seng dan bantalan. Turbin Vortex ini dirancang dengan debit air 0.0052 dan kecepatan air 1.44 m/s. Menggunakan casing berpenampang lingkaran berbahan Akrilik, dengan sudu berbahan seng.Efisiensi maksimum di dapat pada ketinggian saluran 6 cm yaitu 59.92714 %.
PERLAKUAN SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN PEMBUATAN KOMPOSIT POLIMER BUSA SERTA ANALISA HASIL UJI TARIK
Authors: Sitorus Junkarnadi , Syahrul Abda  , M. Sabri  , Indra  , Ikhwansyah Isranuri  , Alfian Hamsi
Published: May 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian perlakuan serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit, pembuatan spesimen komposit polimer busa diperkuat serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit sebagai pengisi dengan menggunakan resin BTQN 157 Ex sebagai pengikat sesuai standar ASTM D638 dan diikuti uji tarik. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan komposisi antara serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit : polyurethane : resin : katalis sebesar 10:15:70:5 dengan total berat 200 gram. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik mekanik komposit polimer busa yang diperkuat serat alam, dari 25 buah spesimen dalam 5 variasi konsentrasi serat larutan NaOH 1%-5%, adalah Kekuatan tarik (MPa), regangan (%), dan modulus elastisitas (MPa).Hasil menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata Kekuatan tarik, regangan, dan modulus elastisitas diperoleh C1 sebesar 9,48 MPa, 0,438%, dan 12,979 MPa. C2 sebesar 10,71 MPa, 0,438 %, dan 8,559 MPa. C3 sebesar 11,31 MPa, 0,92 %, dan 12,446 MPa. C4 sebesar 8,904 MPa, 0,29 %, dan 39,962 MPa. C5 sebesar 11,59 MPa, 0,59 %, dan 32,038 MPa. Berdasarkan pengamatan terhadap permukaan patahan dapat dikatakan bahwa karakteristik patahan komposit polimer busa yang diperkuat serat alam dipengaruhi oleh pengikat terhadap serat.
KOMPONEN-KOMPONEN DAN PERALATAN BANTU MIXER KAPASITAS 6,9 LITER PUTARAN 280 RPM
Authors: Perangin-angin Siwan E. , Hamsi Alfian , Sabri M. , Isranuri Ikhwansyah , Indra  , Mahadi
Published: May 2024

Pengadukan (mixing) merupakan suatu aktivitas operasi pencampuran dua atau lebih zat agar diperoleh hasil campuran yang homogen. Pada media fase cair, pengadukan ditujukan untuk memperoleh keadaan yang turbulen (bergolak). Perancangan Mesin mixer dengan menggunakan eleman pemanas ditujukan untuk pengadukan jenis bahan Thernoplastik antara campuran LDPE dan Remafin Blue. Pererencanan Mixer ini meliputi perencanaan motor penggerak, perencaan sabuk, roda gigi, elemen pengaduk, elemen pemanas, sistem inlusin pada bejana aduk dan kelistrikan. daya pengaduk ¼ Hp putaran 2800 rpm dan perbandingan transmisi roda gigi 1;10 menjadikan putaran maksimal 280 rpm. Elemen pemanas yang dipakai jenis stripe Heater dengan daya 2400 watt menghasilkan temperatur maksimal 300o C. LDPE adalah sejenis bahan thermoplast dengan suhu didih sekitar 115 -120 o C. bahan ini akan diaduk/ dicampurkan dengan remafin blue sebagai pewarna bahan plastik. Pengadukan dilakukan ketika bahan telah dicairakan terlebih dahulu. Dengan kapasitas dari mixer 6,9 liter.
ANALISA PERFORMANSI TURBIN VORTEX MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT LUNAK CFD PADA DUA VARIASI DIMENSI SUDU SERTA DEBIT AIR MASUK
Authors: Hajj Faisal , Gultom Syahril , Pintoro Andianto , Ariani Farida , Tugiman  , Mahadi
Published: May 2024

Turbin Vortex adalah salah satu jenis turbin mikrohidro yang menggunakan pusaran air sebagai penggerak sudunya. Turbin Vortex mempunyai head yang relatif rendah 0,7m-1,4m dan debit air 0,02 m2/s yang mengalir terus menerus, turbin ini sangat cocok digunakan di aliran sungai. Tugas Akhir ini sendiri adalah menganalisa dan mensimulasi secara numerik Turbin Vortex dengan bantuan software Ansy 14 menggunakan CFD. CFD dapat menganalisa atau memprediksi aliran fluida yang ada pada turbin vortex. Analisis dilakukan pada aliran tiga dimensi (3D), steady, turbulen dan incompresible. Variabel yang digunakan untuk dianalisa anatara lain, sudu dan. Bentuk sudu lengkung berjumlah 4. Didapat efisiensi maksimum pada sudu II sebesar 40,88% pada debit 0,0055 m3/s. Pada sudu III didapat efisiensi maksimum sebesar 43,29% pada debi 0,0055 m3/s.Turbin Vortex adalah salah satu jenis turbin mikrohidro yang menggunakan pusaran air sebagai penggerak sudunya. Turbin Vortex mempunyai head yang relatif rendah 0,7m-1,4m dan debit air 0,02 m2/s yang mengalir terus menerus, turbin ini sangat cocok digunakan di aliran sungai. Tugas Akhir ini sendiri adalah menganalisa dan mensimulasi secara numerik Turbin Vortex dengan bantuan software Ansy 14 menggunakan CFD. CFD dapat menganalisa atau memprediksi aliran fluida yang ada pada turbin vortex. Analisis dilakukan pada aliran tiga dimensi (3D), steady, turbulen dan incompresible. Variabel yang digunakan untuk dianalisa anatara lain, sudu dan. Bentuk sudu lengkung berjumlah 4. Didapat efisiensi maksimum pada sudu II sebesar 40,88% pada debit 0,0055 m3/s. Pada sudu III didapat efisiensi maksimum sebesar 43,29% pada debi 0,0055 m3/s.
PENGUJIAN PERFORMANSI MOTOR DIESEL BERBAHAN BAKAR BIODIESEL DENGAN BAHAN BAKU MINYAK GORENG BEKAS DARI RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Sukri Ikhsan , Nasution A. Halim , Nasution Dian M. , UHSG Terang , Gultom Syahril
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persentase campuran biodiesel pada solar terhadap unjuk kerja mesin diesel dengan menggunakan metode variable speed (1200, 1500, 1800, 2100, dan 2400) rpm dan variable load (0,5, 1, dan 1,5) kg. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan mesin diesel TD110-TD115 Test Bed and Instrument for Small Engines. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah Torsi, Daya, Rasio Perbandingan Udara-Bahan Bakar (AFR), Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Spesifik (sfc), Efisiensi Volumetris, dan Efisiensi Thermal Brake. Bahan bakar yang digunakan adalah solar murni, dan campuran biodiesel 5% (B5), 10% (B10), 15% (B15) dan 20% (B20). Dari penelitian ini unjuk kerja mesin diesel tertinggi diperoleh pada penggunaan bahan bakar solar masing-masing pada putaran 2400 rpm dimana Torsi maksimal sebesar 5,5 (Nm; Daya terbesar 1,382 (kW); Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Spesifik paling ekonomis sebesar 211,349 (g/kWh); Perbandingan Udara-Bahan Bakar (AFR ) terbesar 53,565; Efisiensi Volumetris terbesar 0,808 (80,8%); Efisiensi Thermal Brake terbesar 0,422 (42,2%).
PEMBUATAN PELAT PADUAN ALUMINIUM-MAGNESIUM DAN ANALISIS VARIASI KAMPUH LAS PADA PADUAN ALUMINIUM-MAGNESIUM AKIBAT BEBAN STATIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE ANSYS WORKBENCH V 14.0
Authors: Ramadhan Syahrul , Syam Bustami , Sabri M. , Abda Syahrul , Ariani Farida , Tugiman
Published: May 2024

Aluminium merupakan unsur yang paling banyak digunakan di bidang teknologi, khususnya bidang transportasi. Permasalahan seputar pemakaian bahan bakar dan pengurangan berat komponen yang digunakan, telah membuat paduan aluminium-magnesium dalam industri ini sangat berkembang. Dengan mengurangi berat dari komponen yang digunakan maka konsumsi energi dalam hal penggunaan bahan bakar dan emisi gas buangnya juga dapat.. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penambahan Magnesium kedalam Aluminium sesuai variasi yang dikerjakan yaitu 1,4% dan 2,2% , kemudian dilakukan simulasi dengan menggunakan software ansys dengan cara mendesign model menyerupai bentuk spesimen aslinya, dan memberikan perlakuan yang sama sesuai dengan pengujian secara eskperimental. Dengan menggunakan simulasi ansys ini, banyak parameter yang akan didapat. Pada simulasi ini dicari tegangan normal, tegangan maksimum dan regangan terhadap beban statik . Dari simulasi didapat untuk paduan Al 98%-Mg 1,4% dengan sudut kampuh 60o diperoleh tegangan normal sebesar 118,77 MPa . Pada paduan Al 98%-Mg 1,4% dengan sudut kampuh 90o diperoleh tegangan normal sebesar 107,89 MPa. Pada paduan Al 97%-Mg 2,2% dengan sudut kampuh 60o diperoleh tegangan normal sebesar 155,2 MPa. Pada paduan Al 97%-Mg 2,2% dengan sudut kampuh 90o diperoleh tegangan normal sebesar 117,95 MPa. Pada paduan Al 98%-Mg 1,4% dengan sudut kampuh 60o diperoleh tegangan maksimum sebesar 122,9 MPa. Pada paduan Al 98%-Mg 1,4% dengan sudut kampuh 90o diperoleh tegangan maksimum sebesar 132,67 MPa. Pada paduan Al 97%-Mg 2,2% dengan sudut kampuh 60o diperoleh tegangan maksimum sebesar 160,82 MPa. Pada paduan Al 97%-Mg 2,2% dengan sudut kampuh 90o diperoleh tegangan maksimum sebesar 145,35 MPa. Pada paduan Al 98%-Mg 1,4% dengan sudut kampuh 60o diperoleh regangan maksimum sebesar 0,0020302 mm. Pada paduan Al 98%-Mg 1,4%dengan sudut kampuh 90o diperoleh regangan maksimum sebesar 0,0021916 mm. Pada paduan Al 97%-Mg 2,2% dengan sudut kampuh 60o diperoleh regangan maksimum sebesar 0,00260201 mm. Pada paduan Al 97%-Mg 2,2% dengan sudut kampuh 90o diperoleh regangan maksimum sebesar 0,0023681 mm.
PENERAPAN SOFTWARE BEE ACCOUNTING TERHADAP PENJUALAN PADA UD CAYA AGUNG
Authors: Rahayaan Ayu Indriyani , Kainama Maryoni Stevani , Janwarin Xaverius M. Y.
Published: May 2024

Bee Accounting adalah Software Accouting yang memudahkan dalam penyususnan dan mengontrol laporan keuangan untuk mengintergasikan seluruh proses bisnis perusahaan, antara data-data operasional hingga investory, piutang dan keungan dari frontoffice hinggah backoffice. Manfaatnya selain mempercepat proses bisnis, juga mempermudah akses informasi dan laporan dari semua lini perusahaan dan secara langsung menjadikan opersai perusahaan terstandarisasi. maka tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan sistem Bee Accounting terhadap penjualan pada UD Cahaya Agung. Metode yang diggunakan didalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, peneliti melakukan pertemuan dengan pihak terkait untuk mendapatkan informasi awal dan mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang akan diteliti. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa UD Cahaya Agung memanfaatkan sistem Bee Accounting untuk mengatasi kesalahan pencatatan keuangan, meningkatkan akurasi transaksi, dan penjualan. Sistem informasi akuntansi berdampak positif pada penjualan dengan pencatatan keuangan yang baik. Komponen penting dari sistem informasi akuntansi adalah ketepatan waktu dalam penyajian laporan keuangan, memengaruhi pengambilan keputusan dan kinerja bisnis. UD Cahaya Agung menggunakan software Bee Accounting untuk efisiensi dalam pencatatan stok barang dagang hingga penyajian laporan keuangan, memastikan akurasi dan penjualan yang optimal.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT ALWI ASSEGAF
Authors: Effendi Muhammad Riska Maulana , Yusuf M.
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Alwi Assegaf.  Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel yang diambil merupakan sampel jenuh dengan jumlah 35 karyawan sebagai responden. Teknik pengambilan data melalui kuisioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Variabel kepemimpinan transformasional tidak berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai thitung 1.472 < tabel 1.690 dan nilai signifikan 0.151 > 0.05. Variabel kepuasan kerja secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai thitung 4.752 > ttabel 1.690 dan nilai signifikan 0.000 < 0.05. Variabel kepemimpinan transformasional dan kepuasan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai Fhitung 24.498 > Ftabel 3.295 dan nilai signifikan 0.000 < 0.05.