bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modulation of translational decoding by m6A modification of mRNA
Authors: Jain Sakshi , Koziej Lukasz , Poulis Panagiotis , Kaczmarczyk Igor , Gaik Monika , Rawski Michal , Ranjan Namit , Glatt Sebastian , Rodnina Marina V.
Published: August 2023

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant, dynamic mRNA modification that regulates key steps of cellular mRNA metabolism. m6A in the mRNA coding regions inhibits translation elongation. Here, we show how m6A modulates decoding in the bacterial translation system using a combination of rapid kinetics, smFRET and single-particle cryo-EM. We show that, while the modification does not impair the initial binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome, in the presence of m6A fewer ribosomes complete the decoding process due to the lower stability of the complexes and enhanced tRNA drop-off. The mRNA codon adopts a π-stacked codon conformation that is remodeled upon aminoacyl-tRNA binding. m6A does not exclude canonical codon-anticodon geometry, but favors alternative more dynamic conformations that are rejected by the ribosome. These results highlight how modifications outside the Watson-Crick edge can still interfere with codon-anticodon base pairing and complex recognition by the ribosome, thereby modulating the translational efficiency of modified mRNAs.
Proteomics and constraint-based modelling reveal enzyme kinetic properties of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii on a genome scale
Authors: Arend Marius , Zimmer David , Xu Rudan , Sommer Frederik , Mühlhaus Timo , Nikoloski Zoran
Published: August 2023

Metabolic engineering of microalgae offers a promising solution for sustainable biofuel production, and rational design of engineering strategies can be improved by employing metabolic models that integrate enzyme turnover numbers. However, the coverage of turnover numbers for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a model eukaryotic microalga accessible to metabolic engineering, is 17-fold smaller compared to the heterotrophic cell factory Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we generate quantitative protein abundance data of Chlamydomonas covering 2337 to 3708 proteins in various growth conditions to estimate in vivo maximum apparent turnover numbers. Using constrained-based modeling we provide proxies for in vivo turnover numbers of 568 reactions, representing a 10-fold increase over the in vitro data for Chlamydomonas. Integration of the in vivo estimates instead of in vitro values in a metabolic model of Chlamydomonas improved the accuracy of enzyme usage predictions. Our results help in extending the knowledge on uncharacterized enzymes and improve biotechnological applications of Chlamydomonas.
A conserved membrane curvature-generating protein is crucial for autophagosome formation in fission yeast
Authors: Wang Ning , Shibata Yoko , Paulo Joao A. , Gygi Steven P. , Rapoport Tom A.
Published: August 2023

Organelles are shaped by curvature-generating proteins, which include the reticulons and REEPs that are involved in forming the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). A conserved REEP subfamily differs from the ER-shaping REEPs in abundance and membrane topology and has unidentified functions. Here, we show that Rop1, the single member of this family in the fission yeast Schizosacharomyces pombe, is crucial for the macroautophagy of organelles and cytosolic proteins. Rop1 is needed for the formation of phagophores, cup-like structures consisting of two closely apposed membrane sheets that encapsulate cargo. It is recruited at early stages to phagophores and is required for their maturation into autophagosomes. Rop1 function relies on its ability to generate high membrane curvature and on its colocalization with the autophagy component Atg2 that is thought to reside at the phagophore rim. We propose that Rop1 facilitates the formation and growth of the double-membrane structure of the autophagosome.
Relationship between testosterone and male bladder cancer
Authors: Tan Wei , Gao Liang , Yuan Ye , Huang Hao , Li Yadong , Gou Yuanqing , Hu Zili
Published: August 2023

Researches had proven that the occurrence of bladder cancer (BC) is much higher in men than those in women, which induced us to explore whether androgen plays a role in BC. A total of 147 patients who were diagnosed with primary BC by histopathological biopsy were included. Meanwhile 154 non-tumor patients were matched as the control group. The continuous variables were expressed as median (interquartile range, IQR) and compared by Mann–Whitney U test, for the reason that the data were not matched the requirementsthe of normal test. A Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical variables, which were expressed as frequency (percentage). Meanwhile univariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to further evaluating the potential independent factor of BC. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Univariate multivariate analyse showed significant difference between two groups in hemoglobin (OR 0.979, 95% CI 0.968–0.991, P < 0.001), hypertension (OR 3.026, 95% CI 1.731–5.288, P < 0.001), diabetes (OR 4.294, 95% CI 1.887–9.771, P = 0.001) and smoking (OR 1.729, 95% CI 1.096–2.729, P = 0.019). Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to eliminate the interference of confounding factors, which showed that testosterone seems to be great correlated with the BC (OR 1.002, 95% CI 1.000–1.003, P = 0.017). Similar results were also found in hemoglobin (OR 0.981, 95% CI 0.968–0.993, P = 0.002), hypertension (OR 2.780, 95% CI 1.509–5.120, P = 0.001), diabetes (OR 3.313 95% CI 1.373–7.991, P = 0.008) and smoking (OR 1.938, 95% CI 1.184–3.174, P = 0.009). As a conclusion, our study showed that there was significant correlation between serum total testosterone levels and the occurrence of BC, similar results were shown in hemoglobin, hypertension, diabetes and smoking.
Association between gestational age at threatened preterm birth diagnosis and incidence of preterm birth: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Murata Tsuyoshi , Isogami Hirotaka , Imaizumi Karin , Fukuda Toma , Kyozuka Hyo , Yasuda Shun , Yamaguchi Akiko , Sato Akiko , Ogata Yuka , Shinoki Kosei , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Yasumura Seiji , Hashimoto Koichi , Nishigori Hidekazu , Fujimori Keiya ,   the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group, Kamijima Michihiro , Yamazaki Shin , Ohya Yukihiro , Kishi Reiko , Yaegashi Nobuo , Hashimoto Koichi , Mori Chisato , Ito Shuichi , Yamagata Zentaro , Inadera Hidekuni , Nakayama Takeo , Sobue Tomotaka , Shima Masayuki , Nakamura Hiroshige , Suganuma Narufumi , Kusuhara Koichi , Katoh Takahiko
Published: August 2023

We evaluated the association between gestational age at threatened preterm birth (TPTB) diagnosis and preterm birth (PTB) incidence using a nationwide birth cohort. Data of 94,236 women with singleton deliveries from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (enrolled between 2011 and 2014) were analysed. Participants were divided based on parity and gestational age at TPTB diagnosis (22–24, 25–27, 28–30, 31–33, and 34–36 weeks). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for PTB before 37 and 34 weeks in women from all groups, using participants without TPTB as the reference. The adjusted ORs for PTB before 37 weeks were the highest in the latest gestational age group in nulliparous and multiparous women without previous PTB, while those before 34 weeks were the highest in the earliest and latest gestational age group in multiparous women without previous PTB and in the earliest gestational age group in multiparous women with previous PTB. The association between gestational age at TPTB diagnosis and PTB incidence varies based on maternal parity and PTB before 37 or 34 weeks. Further studies with detailed clinical data and a unified TPTB diagnosis protocol are necessary to clarify this association.
Comparative virome analysis of individual shedding routes of Miniopterus phillipsi bats inhabiting the Wavul Galge cave, Sri Lanka
Authors: Muzeniek Therese , Perera Thejanee , Siriwardana Sahan , Bas Dilara , Bayram Fatimanur , Öruc Mizgin , Becker-Ziaja Beate , Perera Inoka , Weerasena Jagathpriya , Handunnetti Shiroma , Schwarz Franziska , Premawansa Gayani , Premawansa Sunil , Yapa Wipula , Nitsche Andreas , Kohl Claudia
Published: August 2023

Bats are described as the natural reservoir host for a wide range of viruses. Although an increasing number of bat-associated, potentially human pathogenic viruses were discovered in the past, the full picture of the bat viromes is not explored yet. In this study, the virome composition of Miniopterus phillipsi bats (formerly known as Miniopterus fuliginosus bats in Sri Lanka) inhabiting the Wavul Galge cave, Sri Lanka, was analyzed. To assess different possible excretion routes, oral swabs, feces and urine were collected and analyzed individually by using metagenomic NGS. The data obtained was further evaluated by using phylogenetic reconstructions, whereby a special focus was set on RNA viruses that are typically associated with bats. Two different alphacoronavirus strains were detected in feces and urine samples. Furthermore, a paramyxovirus was detected in urine samples. Sequences related to Picornaviridae, Iflaviridae, unclassified Riboviria and Astroviridae were identified in feces samples and further sequences related to Astroviridae in urine samples. No viruses were detected in oral swab samples. The comparative virome analysis in this study revealed a diversity in the virome composition between the collected sample types which also represent different potential shedding routes for the detected viruses. At the same time, several novel viruses represent first reports of these pathogens from bats in Sri Lanka. The detection of two different coronaviruses in the samples indicates the potential general persistence of this virus species in M. phillipsi bats. Based on phylogenetics, the identified viruses are closely related to bat-associated viruses with comparably low estimation of human pathogenic potential. In further studies, the seasonal variation of the virome will be analyzed to identify possible shedding patterns for particular viruses.
The relation between authoritarian leadership and belief in fake news
Authors: Ospina Juan , Orosz Gábor , Spencer Steven
Published: August 2023

Individual factors such as cognitive capacities matter when one is requested to spot fake news. We suggest, however, that social influence—specifically as exercised by an authoritarian leader—might matter more if one is expected to agree with the fake news. We developed a single-item prototype measure of leadership styles and recruited participants from four Western democratic countries (Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, United States, N = 501) who identified their immediate boss as an autonomous, paternalistic, or authoritarian leader. Then they were asked to evaluate the accuracy of several fake news articles and their expectations to agree with their boss when asked about these articles. People with authoritarian bosses were less accurate in spotting fake news (Cohen’s d = 0.32) compared to employees with autonomous bosses. The bigger effect, however, was that they would agree with their boss about the fake news article when it was shared by their authoritarian boss compared to employees with autonomous (Cohen’s d = 1.30) or paternalistic bosses (Cohen’s d = 0.70). We argue that in addition to effects on the perceived accuracy of information, social influence, conformity, and obedience are crucial and unacknowledged factors of how misinformation may be maintained and propagated by authoritarian leaders.
Ixeris dentata and Lactobacillus gasseri media protect against periodontitis through Nrf2-HO-1 signalling pathway
Authors: Lee Hwa-Young , Lee Geum-Hwa , Kim Ji-Hyun , Cheng Jinhua , Cho Joo-Hyung , Suh Joo-Won , Chae Han-Jung
Published: August 2023

Periodontitis is an infectious inflammation in the gums characterized by loss of periodontal ligaments and alveolar bone. Its persistent inflammation could result in tooth loss and other health issues. Ixeris dentata (IXD) and Lactobacillus gasseri media (LGM) demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, which may prevent oxidative and inflammatory periodontitis. Here, IXD and LGM extracts were investigated for antioxidative activity against oral discomfort and evaluated for their synergistic effect against oxidative and inflammatory periodontitis in a mouse model. IXD/LGM suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Additionally, it reduced pro-inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), and COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) and enhanced AKT, Nrf2, and HO-1 activation. Similarly, IXD/LGM treatment elevated osteogenic proteins and mRNAs; alkaline phosphatase, collagen type 1 (COL1), osteopontin (OPN), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and micro-CT analysis confirm the positive impact of IXD/LGM on the periodontal structure and its associated inflammation. These findings demonstrate that IXD/LGM inhibits oxidative stress, periodontal inflammation, and its resultant alveolar bone loss in which Akt (also known as protein kinase B)-nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling is involved. Thus, IXD/LGM is a potential candidate against oxidative/inflammatory stress-associated periodontitis.
Ceramic transition metal diboride superlattices with improved ductility and fracture toughness screened by ab initio calculations
Authors: Fiantok Tomáš , Koutná Nikola , Sangiovanni Davide G. , Mikula Marián
Published: August 2023

Inherent brittleness, which easily leads to crack formation and propagation during use, is a serious problem for protective ceramic thin-film applications. Superlattice architectures, with alternating nm-thick layers of typically softer/stiffer materials, have been proven powerful method to improve the mechanical performance of, e.g., cubic transition metal nitride ceramics. Using high-throughput first-principles calculations, we propose that superlattice structures hold promise also for enhancing mechanical properties and fracture resistance of transition metal diborides with two competing hexagonal phases, $$\alpha$$
α
and $$\omega$$
ω
. We study 264 possible combinations of $$\alpha /\alpha$$

α
/
α

, $$\alpha /\omega$$

α
/
ω

or $$\omega /\omega$$

ω
/
ω

MB$$_2$$

2

(where M $$=$$
=
Al or group 3–6 transition metal) diboride superlattices. Based on energetic stability considerations, together with restrictions for lattice and shear modulus mismatch ($$\Delta a<4\%$$

Δ
a
<
4
%

, $$\Delta G>40$$

Δ
G
>
40

 GPa), we select 33 superlattice systems for further investigations. The identified systems are analysed in terms of mechanical stability and elastic constants, $$C_{ij}$$

C

ij

, where the latter provide indication of in-plane vs. out-of-plane strength ($$C_{11}$$

C
11

, $$C_{33}$$

C
33

) and ductility ($$C_{13}-C_{44}$$

C
13

-

C
44

, $$C_{12}-C_{66}$$

C
12

-

C
66

). The superlattice ability to resist brittle cleavage along interfaces is estimated by Griffith’s formula for fracture toughness. The $$\alpha /\alpha$$

α
/
α

-type TiB$$_2$$

2

/MB$$_2$$

2

(M $$=$$
=
Mo, W), HfB$$_2$$

2

/WB$$_2$$

2

, VB$$_2$$

2

/MB$$_2$$

2

(M $$=$$
=
Cr, Mo), NbB$$_2$$

2

/MB$$_2$$

2

(M $$=$$
=
Mo, W), and $$\alpha /\omega$$

α
/
ω

-type AlB$$_2$$

2

/MB$$_2$$

2

(M $$=$$
=
Nb, Ta, Mo, W), are suggested as the most promising candidates providing atomic-scale basis for enhanced toughness and resistance to crack growth.
Duration perception for visual stimuli is impaired in dyslexia but deficits in visual processing may not be the culprits
Authors: Catronas Dinis , Sousa José , Batista Ana Rita , Torres Nathércia Lima , Mesquita Ana , Folia Vasiliki , Silva Susana
Published: August 2023

Dyslexics underperform controls in estimating and comparing time intervals defined by visual stimuli. Accuracy in vision-based duration perception requires efficient processing of visual events because these will define the onset and offset of time intervals. Since dyslexics have difficulties processing dimensions of visual stimuli like luminance contrasts and motion, we do not know the extent to which these visual deficits are responsible for their difficulties in judging time intervals. To address this gap, we asked adults with dyslexia and matched controls to perform an interval comparison task involving five different types of visual stimuli with different levels of challenge regarding luminance contrasts and motion. If the expected disadvantage of dyslexics in visual duration perception increased for stimuli requiring increased luminance or motion processing, this would indicate that visual processing plays a role. Results showed poorer time discrimination in dyslexics, but this disadvantage did not change according to stimulus type. Complementary analyses of oculomotor behavior during the task suggested that the poorer timing performance of dyslexics may relate instead to attention and/or engagement with the task. Our findings strengthen the evidence in favor of visual duration perception deficits in dyslexia, but not the hypothesis that these result from purely visual problems.
Osteoporosis screening using machine learning and electromagnetic waves
Authors: Albuquerque Gabriela A. , Carvalho Dionísio D. A. , Cruz Agnaldo S. , Santos João P. Q. , Machado Guilherme M. , Gendriz Ignácio S. , Fernandes Felipe R. S. , Barbalho Ingridy M. P. , Santos Marquiony M. , Teixeira César A. D. , Henriques Jorge M. O. , Gil Paulo , Neto Adrião D. D. , Campos Antonio L. P. S. , Lima Josivan G. , Paiva Jailton C. , Morais Antonio H. F. , Lima Thaisa Santos , Valentim Ricardo A. M.
Published: August 2023

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by impairment of bone microarchitecture that causes high socioeconomic impacts in the world because of fractures and hospitalizations. Although dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for diagnosing the disease, access to DXA in developing countries is still limited due to its high cost, being present only in specialized hospitals. In this paper, we analyze the performance of Osseus, a low-cost portable device based on electromagnetic waves that measures the attenuation of the signal that crosses the medial phalanx of a patient’s middle finger and was developed for osteoporosis screening. The analysis is carried out by predicting changes in bone mineral density using Osseus measurements and additional common risk factors used as input features to a set of supervised classification models, while the results from DXA are taken as target (real) values during the training of the machine learning algorithms. The dataset consisted of 505 patients who underwent osteoporosis screening with both devices (DXA and Osseus), of whom 21.8% were healthy and 78.2% had low bone mineral density or osteoporosis. A cross-validation with k-fold = 5 was considered in model training, while 20% of the whole dataset was used for testing. The obtained performance of the best model (Random Forest) presented a sensitivity of 0.853, a specificity of 0.879, and an F1 of 0.859. Since the Random Forest (RF) algorithm allows some interpretability of its results (through the impurity check), we were able to identify the most important variables in the classification of osteoporosis. The results showed that the most important variables were age, body mass index, and the signal attenuation provided by Osseus. The RF model, when used together with Osseus measurements, is effective in screening patients and facilitates the early diagnosis of osteoporosis. The main advantages of such early screening are the reduction of costs associated with exams, surgeries, treatments, and hospitalizations, as well as improved quality of life for patients.
Bottom-up synthesis of titanate nanoflakes with euhedral shapes by aqueous solution process
Authors: Ban Takayuki , Hirose Seiya , Konishi Karin , Nakagawa Takuya , Takai-Yamashita Chika , Ohya Yutaka
Published: August 2023

The conditions required for the bottom-up synthesis of titanate nanoflakes with euhedral shapes were revealed. The uses of N(C4H9)4OH and N(C2H4H)3 as a base and an organic ligand, respectively, are useful for the morphology control of nanoflakes.
C–H functionalization of quinoline N-oxides catalyzed by Pd(ii) complexes: a computational study
Authors: Costa Paulo J. , Martins Frederico F. , Pi Chao , Cui Xiuling , Calhorda Maria José
Published: August 2023

Pd(ii)Cl2catalysts favor the regioselective C8–H activation of quinoline N-oxides owing to the higher stability of the σ-complex, in contrast to Pd(ii) acetate which favors C2–H activation.
Enhanced stability of triple-halide perovskites CsPbI3−x−yBrxCly (x and y = 0–0.024): understanding the role of Cl doping from ab initio calculations
Authors: Bala Anu , Kumar Vijay
Published: August 2023

A small amount of Cl doping in mixed (I/Br)-halide perovskites leads to the shortening of Pb–I bond lengths and tilting of PbI6 octahedra resulting in exothermic heat of mixing (ΔU) and higher stability.
Two-dimensional Dirac TiB2C2 as a potential anode material for Li-ion batteries: a first-principles study
Authors: Etrini A. , Elomrani A. , Oukahou S. , Maymoun M. , Sbiaai K. , Hasnaoui A.
Published: August 2023

TiB2C2 monolayer exhibits good ionic and electronic conductivity, and a suitable voltage profile. Small lattices change 1.12% in cell parameters during charge and discharge process. High storage capacity of up to 1075 mA h g−1 was found.
Theoretical exploration of the bromine substitution effect and hydrostatic pressure responsive mechanism for room temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Mu Qingfang , Liu Huanling , Song Yuzhi , Wang Chuan-Kui , Lin Lili , Xu Yuanyuan , Fan Jianzhong
Published: August 2023

Stimulus-responsive organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials with long lifetimes, high efficiencies and tunable emission properties have broad applications.
Spray pyrolysis-derived robust ferroelectric BiFeO3 thin films
Authors: Nagashree M. C. , Kulkarni S. D. , Rajendra B. V. , Seidel J. , Murari M. S. , Sharma P.
Published: August 2023

Chemical spray pyrolysis synthesis of high-quality ferroelectric thin films with switchable polarization for the realization of low-cost advanced electronic devices.
Metallic CrP2 monolayer: potential applications in energy storage and conversion
Authors: Gao Jiayu , Zhang Wenyuan , Yan Xu , Zhang Xiaohua , Wang Sheng , Yang Guochun
Published: August 2023

Phosphorus-rich compounds have emerged as a promising class of energy storage and conversion materials due to their interesting structures and electrochemical properties.
Anisotropic circular dichroism of jet-cooled chiral molecules
Authors: Jeong Changseop , Yun Jiyeon , Heo Jiyoung , Kim Nam Joon
Published: August 2023

The R2PI CD spectra of jet-cooled pseudoephedrine show a difference between the CD values of the P/R and Q branches of the origin band of the S0–S1 transition, which may result from the anisotropic CD of the molecules oriented via photoselection.
Material and system development needs for widespread deployment of hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells in light-duty vehicles
Authors: Abbasi Reza , Setzler Brian P. , Yan Yushan
Published: August 2023

We have developed a comprehensive system model for hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cell (HEMFC)-based light-duty vehicles which allows us to determine the material and system developments needed to enable affordable HEMFC-based cars for the mass market.
Autonomous optimization of an organic solar cell in a 4-dimensional parameter space
Authors: Osterrieder Tobias , Schmitt Frederik , Lüer Larry , Wagner Jerrit , Heumüller Thomas , Hauch Jens , Brabec Christoph J.
Published: August 2023

Herein, we present an autonomous closed-loop optimization of functional OPV devices by optimizing composition and process parameters. An early prediction model of the efficiency from optical featuers significantly decreases the time of one iteration.
Polymer synergy for efficient hole transport in solar cells and photodetectors
Authors: Liu Junwei , Zhou Zhihua , Gao Yuping , Wu Yin , Wang Jingjing , Li Haojin , Wang Qian , Zhou Kangkang , Xian Kaihu , Chen Yu , Zhao Wenchao , Zhang Fei , Yin Hang , Liu Yongsheng , Zhao Kui , Yan Jinyue , Ye Long
Published: August 2023

A new concept “polymer synergy” was introduced to develop versatile dopant-free polymer hole transport materials (HTMs) for optoelectronic devices, including solar cells and photodetectors.
Convergence of dissolving and melting at the nanoscale
Authors: Chen C. , Wang X. , Binder K. , Pöschl U. , Su H. , Cheng Y.
Published: August 2023

The structure of dissolved NaCl ions in an aqueous nanodroplet resembles the structure of a molten NaCl nanoparticle. With decreasing size, the similarity grows and the potential energy of NaCl in solution, the molten phase and the crystal phase converges.
Lipid lowering and anti-ageing effects of edible flowers of Viola x wittrockiana Gams in a Caenorhabditis elegans obese model
Authors: Núñez Sonia , López Víctor , Moliner Cristina , Valero Marta Sofía , Gómez-Rincón Carlota
Published: August 2023

The ingestion of healthy foods to improve health is gaining attention. Edible flower Viola x wittrockiana can be considered a functional food due to its anti-ageing and anti-obesity properties displayed in a C. elegans obese model.
Deep eutectic solvents for catalytic biodiesel production from liquid biomass and upgrading of solid biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: He Lijuan , Chen Long , Zheng Baohong , Zhou Heng , Wang Hao , Li Hu , Zhang Heng , Xu Chunbao Charles , Yang Song
Published: August 2023

Serious environmental issues triggered by abundant carbon dioxide emissions and the gradual depletion of traditional fossil fuels are calling for the development of renewable energy.
Time resolved trace element calibration strategies for LA-ICP-MS
Authors: Paul Bence , Petrus Joseph , Savard Dany , Woodhead Jon , Hergt Janet , Greig Alan , Paton Chad , Rayner Peter
Published: August 2023

Three-dimensional calibration surfaces, along with downhole fractionation corrections, can provide improved accuracy for trace element concentration analysis by LA-ICP-MS.
A synergistic heterogeneous interface of a NC-Co-MoS2/CC-450 electrocatalyst for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zhang Kaiqi , Wu Hequn , Xiong Guanghui , Yao Weifeng
Published: August 2023

A novel electrocatalyst, NC-Co-MoS2/CC-450, featuring a Co0.75Mo3S3.75/MoS2 heterogeneous interface and co-doped nitrogen and carbon on carbon cloth, demonstrates exceptional performance and stability in alkaline hydrogen evolution.
High-efficiency and stable FA0.75MA0.25SnI3perovskite solar cells with large-size crystal grains prepared by doping with multifunctional chloride salt
Authors: Wang Minghao , Wang Wei
Published: August 2023

The C6H2(NH2)4·4HCl was first doped into FA0.75MA0.25SnI3 to suppress the production of Sn4+ and promote the formation of large-sized grains in perovskite films. The introduction of C6H2(NH2)4·4HCl significantly improved the performance of PSCs.
Heterostructures of MXenes and transition metal oxides for supercapacitors: an overview
Authors: Ansari Shagufi Naz , Saraf Mohit , Abbas Zahir , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: August 2023

MXene/TMO heterostructures are potential candidates for high-performance supercapacitors, thanks to the reduced stacking of MXene sheets, high electrical conductivity and improved capacity due to the synergistic effects of the conductive MXenes and TMOs.
Three-dimensional Ni foam supported NiCoO2@Co3O4 nanowire-on-nanosheet arrays with rich oxygen vacancies as superior bifunctional catalytic electrodes for overall water splitting
Authors: Pan Yixiang , Wang Xiaoyan , Lin Hua , Xia Qinghua , Jing Maoxiang , Yuan Weiyong , Ming Li Chang
Published: August 2023

Three-dimensional NiCoO2@Co3O4 nanowire-on-nanosheet arrays with rich oxygen vacancies were synthesized and adopted as bifunctional electrodes, showing excellent water splitting performance.
Expanding the color palette of bicolor-emitting nanocrystals
Authors: Dabard Corentin , Po Hong , Fu Ningyuan , Makke Lina , Lehouelleur Henri , Curti Leonardo , Xu Xiang Zhen , Lhuillier Emmanuel , Diroll Benjamin T. , Ithurria Sandrine
Published: August 2023

The design of 2D colloidal heterostructure enables the design of a wide palette of multicolor emission, which may replace traditional blending of nanocrystal populations to achieve white light.
2-Amino-5-methylene-pyrimidine-4,6-dione-based Janus G–C nucleobase as a versatile building block for self-assembly
Authors: Wagh Mahendra A. , Shinde Dinesh R. , Gamidi Rama Krishna , Sanjayan Gangadhar J.
Published: August 2023

A Janus G–C base forming a tape-like supramolecular self-assembled structure through intramolecular H-bonding.
Preparation and structure–property relationship of flexible aramid films with enhanced strength by introducing asymmetric and symmetric aromatic ether bond structures
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Hong Wenqin , Wang Xiaoyan , Xu Changhai , Jiang Yang , Du Jinmei , Miao Dagang , Xiao Guowei
Published: August 2023

The flexible molecular segments and aggregated structures of MAPB–PMIA and PAPB–PMIA endow polymers with soft properties with high extension and low modulus.
Inverse vulcanisation of self-activating amine and alkyne crosslinkers
Authors: Dodd Liam James , Sandy William , Dop Romy A. , Zhang Bowen , Lunt Amy , Neill Daniel R. , Hasell Tom
Published: August 2023

Self-activating crosslinkers were used to create inverse vulcanised polymers with improved properties via method optimised dispersion polymerisation, and were also used alongside other comonomers to enhance the product polymer's properties.
Structure and luminescence properties of Dy3+ doped quaternary tungstate Li3Ba2Gd3(WO4)8 for application in wLEDs
Authors: Douzi Abir , Slimi Sami , Madirov Eduard , Turshatov Andrey , Richards Bryce S. , Solé Rosa Maria , Aguiló Magdalena , Díaz Francesc , Ben Salem Ezzedine , Mateos Xavier
Published: August 2023

Dy3+ doped Li3Ba2Gd3(WO4)8 quaternary tungstate with greenish-yellow emission under 445 nm shows blue excitation for application in wLEDs.
Fluorescence polarisation activity-based protein profiling for the identification of deoxynojirimycin-type inhibitors selective for lysosomal retaining alpha- and beta-glucosidases
Authors: van der Gracht Daniël , Rowland Rhianna J. , Roig-Zamboni Véronique , Ferraz Maria J. , Louwerse Max , Geurink Paul P. , Aerts Johannes M. F. G. , Sulzenbacher Gerlind , Davies Gideon J. , Overkleeft Herman S. , Artola Marta
Published: August 2023

Parallel FluoPol-ABPP screenings on lysosomal β-glucosidase (GBA1) and α-glucosidase (GAA) revealed a N-9-phenanthrenyl-DNJ that inhibits GAA selectively and is an interesting hit for the development of chaperones for Pompe disease.
The Marcus dimension: identifying the nuclear coordinate for electron transfer from ab initio calculations
Authors: Šrut Adam , Lear Benjamin J. , Krewald Vera
Published: August 2023

The electron transfer coordinate of the Marcus–Hush model is recovered from ab initio calculations.
TCMBank: bridges between the largest herbal medicines, chemical ingredients, target proteins, and associated diseases with intelligence text mining
Authors: Lv Qiujie , Chen Guanxing , He Haohuai , Yang Ziduo , Zhao Lu , Chen Hsin-Yi , Chen Calvin Yu-Chian
Published: August 2023

We developed TCMBank which contains 9192 herbs, 61 966 unduplicated ingredients, 15 179 targets, 32 529 diseases, and their pairwise relationships. We developed an ensemble learning-based drug discovery protocol for identifying potential lead.
Suitability of a diamine functionalized metal–organic framework for direct air capture
Authors: Bose Saptasree , Sengupta Debabrata , Malliakas Christos D. , Idrees Karam B. , Xie Haomiao , Wang Xiaoliang , Barsoum Michael L. , Barker Nathaniel M. , Dravid Vinayak P. , Islamoglu Timur , Farha Omar K.
Published: August 2023

A comprehensive examination of mmen-Mg2(dobpdc) as a direct air capture adsorbent to determine its practical feasibility and performance for potential industrialization in mitigating climate change by reducing atmospheric CO2 levels.
Robust and durable triboelectric nanogenerators enabled by a mechanically strong and mildly healable polymer
Authors: Xu Wei , Liu Hongzhen , Wong Man-Chung , He Huimin , Hao Jianhua , Xu Lizhi
Published: August 2023

A robust and durable triboelectric nanogenerator was achieved by employing a mechanically strong and mildly healable polymer for the preparation of device.
Advanced nanostructured materials in solar interfacial steam generation and desalination against pathogens: combatting microbial-contaminants in water – a critical review
Authors: Parsa Seyed Masoud , Norozpour Fatemeh , Momeni Saba , Shoeibi Shahin , Zeng Xiangkang , Said Zafar , Guo Wenshan , Ngo Huu Hao , Ni Bing-Jie
Published: August 2023

Application of solar steam generation and solar stills against pathogens (bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, antimicrobial resistance) via different mechanisms such as ROS, temperature, UV, surface engineering and contact by nanomaterial highlighted.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning in energy storage and conversion
Authors: Seh Zhi Wei , Jiao Kui , Castelli Ivano E.
Published: August 2023

Zhi Weh Seh, Kui Jiao and Ivano Castelli introduce the Energy Advances themed issue on Artificial intelligence and machine learning in energy storage and conversion.
Optimized byzantine fault tolerant algorithm for improving performance and security with trust values
Authors: Xiao Linqing , Gao Juntao , Wang Baocang , Li Xuelian
Published: August 2023

Blockchain is considered to be a promising technology due to its decentralization, open, and non tamperation. Nevertheless, the current blockchain system cannot replace traditional financial institutions because its performance and security indicators in the consensus algorithm are not perfect. As one of the emerging capacity expansion technologies, sharding technology improves throughput by grouping users and processing transactions in parallel. This paper proposes an improved Byzantine Fault Tolerance algorithm TV‐BRAFT. TV‐BRAFT calculates a trust value for each user through an incentive mechanism. The sharding scheme based on the trust value is adopted to reduce the probability of malicious nodes being allocated to the same partition, thus improving the security of the system. In the consensus, the system selects users with qualified trust values to form a verification group to supervise the consensus process and avoid submitting error transactions to the blockchain. In order to prove that the TV‐BRAFT can resist Byzantine attacks, a recursive formula is used to prove the security of sharding and the security of consensus within one shard. Finally, the simulation results show that the TV‐BRAFT not only guarantees the fairness of incentives but is also better than the Raft and PBFT algorithms in efficiency and throughput.
Low‐rank preserving embedding regression for robust image feature extraction
Authors: Zhang Tao , Long Chen‐Feng , Deng Yang‐Jun , Wang Wei‐Ye , Tan Si‐Qiao , Li Heng‐Chao
Published: August 2023

Although low‐rank representation (LRR)‐based subspace learning has been widely applied for feature extraction in computer vision, how to enhance the discriminability of the low‐dimensional features extracted by LRR based subspace learning methods is still a problem that needs to be further investigated. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel low‐rank preserving embedding regression (LRPER) method by integrating LRR, linear regression, and projection learning into a unified framework. In LRPER, LRR can reveal the underlying structure information to strengthen the robustness of projection learning. The robust metric L2,1‐norm is employed to measure the low‐rank reconstruction error and regression loss for moulding the noise and occlusions. An embedding regression is proposed to make full use of the prior information for improving the discriminability of the learned projection. In addition, an alternative iteration algorithm is designed to optimise the proposed model, and the computational complexity of the optimisation algorithm is briefly analysed. The convergence of the optimisation algorithm is theoretically and numerically studied. At last, extensive experiments on four types of image datasets are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of LRPER, and the experimental results demonstrate that LRPER performs better than some state‐of‐the‐art feature extraction methods.
A neural network based background calibration for pipelined‐SAR ADCs at low hardware cost
Authors: Xiang Yuguo , Chen Min , Zhai Danfeng , Zhao Yutong , Ren Junyan , Ye Fan
Published: August 2023

This paper proposes a background calibration scheme for the pipelined‐Successive Approximation Register (SAR) Analog‐to‐Digital Converter (ADC) based on the neural network. Due to the non‐linear function fitting capability of the neural network, the linearity of the ADC is improved effectively. However, the hardware complexity of the neural network limits its application and promotion in ADC calibration. Hence, this paper also presents the optimization schemes, including the neuron‐based sharing neural network and the partially binarized with fixed neural network, in terms of calibration architecture and algorithm. A 60 MS/s 14‐bit pipelined‐SAR ADC prototyped in 28‐nm technology is utilized to verify the feasibility of the proposed calibration method. The measurement results show that the proposed calibration greatly enhances the Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) and Signal‐to‐Noise‐and‐Distortion Ratio (SNDR) from low frequency to Nyquist frequency. Meanwhile, the original calibrator and improved calibrator are synthesized in Synopsys Design Compiler to compare their hardware complexity. Compared with the unoptimized version, the optimized schemes can decrease the logic area and the network weights up to 76% and 52%, with negligible loss in calibration performance.
Investigation into the reflection properties of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1636–53
Authors: Lyu M. , Zhang G. B. , Wang H. G. , García F.
Published: August 2023

We present the spectroscopy of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1636–53 using six simultaneous XMM-Newton and Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations. We applied different self-consistent reflection models to explore the features when the disk is illuminated by either the corona or the neutron star surface. We found that the spectra could be well fitted by these two types of models, with the derived emissivity index below a typical value of 3. The relative low emissivity can be explained if the neutron star and the corona, working together as an extended illuminator, simultaneously illuminate and ionize the disk. Additionally, the derived ionization parameter in the lamppost geometry is larger than the theoretical prediction. This inconsistency likely suggests that the corona does not emit isotropically in a realistic context. Furthermore, we also found that there is a possible trend between the height of the corona and the normalization of the disk emission. This could be understood either as a variation in the reflected radiation pressure or in the context of a jet base. Finally, we found that the disk is less ionized if it is illuminated by the neutron star, indicating that the illuminating source has significant influence on the physical properties of the disk.
Methodological principles of the construction of a linear megapolis “Street of the World” around the globe
Authors: Kolodin K. I. , Kolodina T. Y.
Published: August 2023

The article is based on an architectural concept that was developed at the St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering at the Department of Architectural Design, in the architectural studio “ANESTIKA”. The main objectives of this experiment are related to the issues of a conceptual idea creation, its development and implementation in the developed intellectual architectural concept. A volumetric-spatial model of the fragmentary structure of the Street of the World was completed as a result of the work. The model presented the developed compositional solutions in the form of separate functional blocks and zones. They were united by a common three-dimensional structural frame of the supporting structures in the form of a linear habitable bridge. It is an architectural manifesto in which “Street of the World” represents a great intellectual international infinite linear megapolis formed by an environmental space without borders around the entire globe. It is based on the unification of the world space around a unified unique grandiose architectural object. The endless street is built for all the states of the globe.
Features of the container accumulation factor in the terminal
Authors: Ismatullaev Azizbek , Azimov Farrux , Tashmatova Mukaddas , Kutlumuratov Jumamurat , Tukhtaev Vahobjon
Published: August 2023

This article presents the results of research in the field of formation of container block trains in terms of. A brief overview in the field of container transportation is carried out. A causal analysis of problems in the organization of container block trains was performed. A change in the container-hours of accumulation of arrived containers at the container terminal has been established. The schedule for changing containers-the hours spent at the container terminal of containers to be shipped - has been determined.
Environmental problems in the transportation of petroleum products in Kazakhstan
Authors: Mukhamadeyeva Railya , Orazov Ondassyn , Mazhikeyeva Saule , Seilkhan Omirzhan , Kenzhebayeva Alma , Urazbayeva Saltanat , Kassymzhanova Kuralay , Islamkhan Maratbekovich , Sharipova Aigerim
Published: August 2023

The presented article tells about the placement of countries in terms of reserves and processing volumes. About the state of oil production and oil refining in Kazakhstan and the presence of environmental risks in the transportation of petroleum products. Without the transportation of oil and oil products, economic development is impossible. For Kazakhstan, the possibility of organizing the correct transit of oil and oil products is an urgent task. The profits from transportation should be commensurate with the environmental risks in the event of an accident. To reduce environmental risks, the authors of the article recommend using only modern specialized vehicles, tight control when unloading oil products at small gas stations and huge fines if spills and leaks are allowed. For multimodal transportation, it is recommended to use flexitanks and conduct constant environmental monitoring in the process of transporting oil and oil products. All this can easily be done if there is mandatory certification according to ISO 14000 standards.
Maritime airports in Japan: location and construction features
Authors: Amosov M.I. , Safina S.S. , Tolmacheva E.M.
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the experience of creating airports on artificial islands in Japan. On the basis of ministerial and departmental statistics, available on the Statistics Bureau of Japan portal and on the websites of regional services of individual prefectures, the role of these airports in solving the country’s transport problems is considered. A definition of a maritime airport has been formulated and their share in the total number of airports, passenger and cargo turnover of all airports in the country has been determined. The peculiarities of seaports localization are revealed. The main phases of Kansai airport construction and the “three airport problem in the Kansai region” are considered.
Use of automated tools for analyzing the propagation of failures in aircraft system
Authors: Erpyleva Valentina , Balashov Yuri
Published: August 2023

One of the problems of modern aviation is the saturation of software equipment and electronics. Safety Architect is an automated tool for reliability analysis using functional flow architectural models. This article introduces Safety Architect technology for building fault propagation models and a fault tree. After the analysis, conclusions were drawn about the flaws of this tool: the failure propagation model is built only on the basis of the architectural model of functional flows without taking into account the various operating modes of the system and the transitions between them. The basic principles for developing a new failure propagation model were derived.
The importance of digital marketing in the strategic management of aviation
Authors: Basal Murat , Suzen Ekrem
Published: August 2023

Aviation plays an important role in the transportation sector, which expresses the process of transferring people from one place to another. In the aviation sector, which expresses the fact that people fly with the aircraft they have produced, the path or all the methods applied by the enterprises in order to reach their predetermined goals expresses the strategy here. Today, where the consumer carries out all their activities in the digital space, which is a virtual environment, digital marketing emerges as an area that businesses focus on within the framework of efficiency and sustainability. The main purpose of this research is to determine the importance of the digital marketing process in the realization of the targeted strategies of the airline companies operating in Istanbul. In this direction, digital marketing and strategic management scales were used in the study. Obtained data were analyzed with SPSS analysis system and evaluations were made as a result of Anova and t inverses. As a result of the research, it was revealed that there is a significant relationship between the digital marketing methods of the participants and the aviation strategic management of the enterprise. It has been revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of gender, age and educational status from environmental demographic variables.
Application of bayes algorithm for indiscriminate diagnostics of motor and tractor engines
Authors: Khaliullin Farit , Egorov Sergey , Akhmetzyanov Rishat , Vagizov Tagir , Molochnikov Denis
Published: August 2023

Currently, the non-disassembly inspection method of internal combustion engines is one of the most promising methods of assessing their technical condition. This method makes it possible to significantly reduce the intensity of the labour of the diagnostic process and, at the same time, increase its reliability. The paper proposes a method for indiscriminate engine diagnostics based on the Bayes algorithm.
Big data as a means of management by construction, or “Hypernudge”
Authors: Djalilova Ruzikhon , Ahmedbekova Mahpuzakhon , Polatov Dilmurod
Published: August 2023

This study makes the case that the analytical phenomena now known as “Big Data” may be viewed as a kind of “model” management by drawing on regulated studies. This report concentrated on algebraic choice strategies, even if Big Data life choice methods may take the shape of bot’s systems. These methods are being applied to mould the factual choice scope in which actual decision takes place in order to special attention and outcome in the locations desired by the “choice builder” by emphasizing commonalities respectively data items that wouldn't otherwise be demonstrable. These methods are a “soft” kind of construction control because they depend on the use of “wink,” a specific type of decision-making that modifies individual choices in a consistent pattern without denying them any alternatives or significantly altering their market benefits. Although, unlike the permanent Moves that were snapped up. Due to their integrated, constantly refreshed, variable, and ubiquitous character, Big Data analytic moves are very strong and impactful, such as putting the salad in front of ravioli to promote a healthy lifestyle. I use a liberal, constitutional protections approach to critiquing these methods, comparing liberal different theories with chosen findings from core state powers and technological and scientific technologies (STS) on the other. I contend that relying on individual notice and approval does not adequately address concerns well about the authenticity of these processes. I also discuss the time in many cases for freedom and human booming if Big Data analytic tools driven by promotional conscience continue to develop unaddressed by lawful and productive restraints.