bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Temperature Mechanical Property and Microstructure Study of Micro-Alloyed Q345B Structural Steel
Authors: Dong Fang , Su Cheng
Published: December 2011

The V、Ti、Nb micro-alloyed Q345B structural steel was made the hot tensile test by Gleeble-1500D thermal simulation testing machine. It analyses the change of fracture strength and reduction of area with temperature at the deformation condition of strain rate 1.5*10-3/S and deformation temperature 700-1300°C(△T=100°C) were analyzed. The Q345B structural steel exists two obvious brittle zones, the first temperature area of brittle(Ⅰ) is solidification temperature~1300°C,the second temperature area of brittle(Ⅲ) is 850~740°C. Through observation of fracture morphology and microstructure by using of scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, and the fracture reasons were discussed.
Measure of the Photosynthetic Efficiency of the Cabbage Leaves by Using Photo-Acoustic Tomography Spectroscopy Technology
Authors: Lie Guang Hua , Lie Gan Wen
Published: December 2011

By using a new type of photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy with non-damage and weak signals detection, the normalized photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy (PAS-CT) and optical absorption characteristic of the green and yellow leaves of the cabbage are measured. The results show that: the leaves of the cabbage could get different levels of photo-acoustic spectroscopy from different chopping frequency. The chloroplast number in the yellow leaves was less than that in the green leaves, so the photosynthesis in the yellow leaves was significantly weakened compared with the green leaves. The more the chloroplast number in the cabbage leaves were, the stronger the photosynthesis was and the higher the photosynthetic efficiency was. The chopping frequency of 24Hz could activate more chloroplasts than 34Hz and improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the cabbage leaves. What’s more, it could improve the yield of cabbage. Photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy is a new way of studying photosynthesis. It has a bright and far-reaching future.
High Velocity Impact Damage Analysis for Glass Epoxy-Laminated Plates
Authors: Sultan Mohamed Thariq Hameed , Basri Shahnor , Rafie Azmin Shakrine Mohd , Mustapha Faizal , Majid Dayang Laila , Ajir Mohd Ramly
Published: December 2011

The ultimate objective of the current work is to examine the effect of thickness on fiberglass reinforced epoxy matrix subjected to high velocity impact loading. The composite material chosen for this research was from type C-glass/epoxy 200 g/m2and type C-glass/epoxy 600 g/m2. This material is used as a composite reinforcement in high performance applications since it provides certain advantages of specific high strength and stiffness as compared to metallic materials. This study investigates the mechanical properties, damage characterisation and impact resistance of both composite structures, subjected to the changes of impact velocity and thickness. For mechanical properties testing, the Universal Testing Machine (UTM) was used while for the high velocity impact, a compressed gas gun equipped with a velocity measurement system was used. From the results, it is found that the mechanical properties, damage characterisation and impact resistance of type C-glass/Epoxy 600 g/m2posses better toughness, modulus and penetration compared to type C-glass/Epoxy 200 g/m2. A general trend was observed on the overall ballistic test results which indicated that as the plate specimen thickness continues to increase, the damage at the lower skin decreases and could not be seen. Moreover, it is also found that, as the plate thickness increases, the maximum impact load and impact energy increases relatively. Impact damage was found to be in the form of perforation, fibre breakage and matrix cracking. Results from this research can be used as a reference in designing structural and body armour applications in developing a better understanding of test methods used to characterise impact behaviour.
The Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Hot Press Mould WPCs
Authors: Zhu Zhi Yan , Zhou Xin Gang
Published: December 2011

WPCs are wood plastic composites materials. Currently most of WPCs are manufactured by extrude technology. In order to enhance the production efficiency, a new manufacture technology called hot press molding (HPM) has been developed. The remarkable advantages of the so-called HPM WPCs are that large dimension board from 600mm×600mm×3mm to 3500mm×3500mm ×60mm can be multi-moulded in one time. In this paper, the HPM WPCs’ process mechanism and technology is introduced, and the physical and mechanical behavior of the HPM WPCs board is tested and studied. Test and research have shown that the physical and mechanical property of HPM WPCs is good. It is an idea substitute material of timber. The water absorption of HPM WPCs is only 10.3%, the moisture dilation is only 1.10%, the dimensional changes after heated is 2.31%, etc. , physical behavior is better than that of normal timber. Besides that, the mechanical behavior is better than that of timber as well. The ultimate bending strength can reach 14.1MPa, the ultimate compression strength can reach 31.3MPa, and the compression modulus is 3618MPa.
Preparation and Recognition Properties of Levodropopizine Molecularly Imprinted Composite Membranes
Authors: Xu Shan Ping , Liu Yun , Sun Li Quan , Luo Ai Qin
Published: December 2011

Thin-layer molecularly imprinted composite membranes for selective binding and permeation of levodropopizine were developed via thermal-initiated surface modification of polyvinylidene fluoride microfiltration membranes. ATR-FTIR was used to analyze the surface structures of these membranes. Binding experiments revealed that the saturated binding capacity of MICM was 75.746 umol /g, nearly 3 times higher than that of NICM. Scatchard analysis showed that binding specificity of MICM was a result of multi-site binding to the template. The selective factor of LDPZ and 1-phenylpiperazine was 2.344 in competitive permeation studies. The permeation mechanism of LDPZ imprinted membranes could be inferred as facilitated permeation mechanism.
Passivator Composition of Rich of Phytic Acid Used for Brass-Strip
Authors: Cai Wei , Li Li , Liu Ren Hui , Wan Zhen Zhen
Published: December 2011

Passivator components of phytic acid, hydrogen peroxide, boric acid and polyethylene glycol was optimized by orthogonal experiment. Corrosion resistance of passivation film of brass-strip was invertigated by salt spraying, weight loss and electrochemical test. The results show that the optimization passivator consists of phytic acid (50% mass fraction) 8ml/L, hydrogen peroxide (mass fraction 30%) 30ml/L, boric acid 5g/L, polyethylene glycol 15ml/L and additive 4g/L. Corrosion current density and corrosion rate of the brass-strip specimens coated by rich-phytic acid passivator are similar to that treated by traditional sodium dichromate passivator, the characteristic of anti-tarnish slightly better than that coated by sodium dichromate passivator. The feature of rich-phytic acid passivator is environmental protection.
Experimental Investigation on Rubberized Concrete Mixed Proportion Design
Authors: Li Zan Cheng , Huang Xiao Ye , Liang Ji Feng
Published: December 2011

The rubber powder, mesh 20,40,60 and 80, were mixed into comparison plain concrete by the volume contents of 50,75,100 and 125 L/m3 of the aggregates, to make rubberized concrete. The specimen compressive strength is examined. The influence of rubber granule sizes, volumetric contents and the substitution pattern to the concrete strength is investigated. The results indicate that the rules of rubberized concrete must be considered when designed the mixed proportion with traditional volumetric method.
Effects of Alloys on Microstructure and Properties of Mo2FeB2-Based Cermets
Authors: Wang Qing Fang , Pan Ying Jun , Hu Bing , Zhou Lei
Published: December 2011

Mo2FeB2cermets were prepared by in-situ reaction and vacuum liquid phase sintering technology which used Mo powder, Fe powder and FeB powder as raw materials. Added with the different content of Cr, Ni, the influence on microstructure and properties of the alloy were studied, and the distribution and phase of the alloy was investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD. The results show that Ni only exists in the binder of the cermets, Cr exists in both hard phase and binder and produces the particles of Mo2FeB2fine grain size, With 10%wt of Cr, 2%wt of Ni added, comprehensive mechanics performance of the material is best and the bending strength was highest with high hardness.
Effect of Rolling Process on the Microstructure of AlMgSi Alloy
Authors: Li He Liang , Yuan Xiao Guang , Wu Ming Fu , Huang Hong Jun
Published: December 2011

In this paper, a AlMgSi alloy for sheet materials was designed on the base of 6111 aluminum alloy, the alloy sheet was fabricated by the rolling process combination of hot and cold rolling, the effect of rolling process on the microstructure of alloy was studied. The results show that different 1st rolling pass reductions of 13%, 33% and 47%, alloy microstructure changes obviously. With the increasing of 1st rolling pass reductions, the re-crystallization structure grow in quantity, re-crystallization grain more and more dense, flat, uniform, and the second phase particles are also more small, distributes more uniform. When the first cold rolled reduction is 47%, degree of grain refinement, the second phase particles fragmentation and tissue uniformity in rolling 3st state are obviously superior to the 1st state and 2st states. The deformation inhomogeneity can be overcome by improving the first reduction rate, the re-crystallization process of synchronization between surface layer and the center layer is better.
Fractography Analysis on the Fracture Behavior of High Strength Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Jian Hai Gen , Xie Xing Er , Jiang Feng , Li Jin Long
Published: December 2011

Observation of fratcure morphology and energy spectrum analysis of fracture toughness specimens of high strength aluminum alloy was carried out on scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the fracture behaviour of this alloy has also been studied. It is revealed that the fracture surface can be divided into 3 regions: precrack region, propagation region and rapid fracture region, the appearance of which is similar to that of cleavage fracture, mixed mode fracture and static fracture, respectively. The fracture of high strength aluminum alloy is primarily influenced by coarsed Fe-rich particles which is relatively brittle, and the major fracture mode of this kind of alloy is toughness fracture casued by coarsed second phase particles.
Effects of Accelerated Aging Period of Time at 150°C on Tensile Strength of 3-Dimension-4-Direction Braided/Epoxy Resin Composites
Authors: Geng Wei , Song Lei Lei , Li Jia Lu
Published: December 2011

In this paper, the tensile strength of 3-dimension-4-direction braided/epoxy resin composites after accelerated aging for different period of time at 150°C was investigated. The tensile tests of 3-dimension-4-direction braided/epoxy resin composite samples without aging and aged 60 hours, 120 hours, 180 hours, at 150°C were carried out. The damage forms of braided composite samples tested were investigated. The experiment result indicates that the accelerated aging process at 150°C has some effect on the tensile strength of braided composite samples. The average tensile strengths of composite samples aged 60 hours, 120 hours, and 180 hours period of time at 150°C are 92.44%, 91.62% and 84.91% of average tensile strength of braided composite samples without aging, respectively. This means that the tensile strength will be decreased when the aging period of time increases at 150°C. The damage form of samples tested shows that when accelerated aging, the resin in the composite samples is damaged, which makes the adhesive force between fiber bundles and epoxy resin decline, so that the ability of fiber and resin bearing the tensile load together decreases.
The Application Finite Element Analysis with the Temperature Field Simulation of Flame-Retardant Effect on OMMT and APP for PP/PA6 Composts
Authors: Long Shao Lei , Wu Yu Jiao , Wu Shan
Published: December 2011

Abstract:The paper makes use of the ANSYS analysis software to simulate[1] the temperature field and calculate , and further proof the Synergy Effects of flame - retardant effect on OMMT and APP for PP/PA6 composts on the basis of the oxygen index (LOI),UL-94 testing and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) test. According to simulation and analysis , the simulation result of temperature field corresponds with the oxygen index (LOI), UL - 94 test results.
Preparation and Characterization of PbO2 on Aluminum Substrate
Authors: Chen Bu Ming , Guo Zhong Cheng , Huang Hui
Published: December 2011

The PbO2 film electrodes have been prepared by different electrodeposition process onto aluminum substrate.The electrochemical activity of the electrode for oxygen evolution reaction in 50g•L-1Zn2++150g•L-1H2SO4 solutions have been studied. The results show that the best activity of the electrodes obtained A1/conductive coating was electrodepositing PbO2 in alkaline lead solutions firstly, then plating PbO2 in acidic lead nitrate solutions. This can be attributed to the conductivity of the substrate, the crystal phase structure and property of PbO2. SEM-EDX analysis shows the beta-form, deposited from acidic solutions of Pb(II), has a distorted rutite structure, and the alpha-form, deposited from alkaline solutions, has the spherical cell. The high non- stoichiometry of PbO2 was obtained in alkaline lead solutions.
Controlled Synthesis of Water Soluble Silver Nanoparticles and the Molluscicidal Effect
Authors: Yang Xiao Hong , Wang Jiang Jie , Ge Jun Yan , Wang Jin Sheng , Dong Feng Qiang
Published: December 2011

The silver nanoparticles with 42 nm in diameter were synthesized under control of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). CTAB acted not only as reactant but also as dispersing agent. The efficient molluscicidal effect of the silver nanoparticles showed that a new way of the schistosomiasis prevention has been explored.
Study on the Preparation and Performance of Epoxy Resin/AlOOH Nano-Composite Materials
Authors: Liao Hai Da , Zhang Wei Ping , Sun Xiao Ming , Qin Jin Fu , Hang Yong Duo
Published: December 2011

Abstract: Using laboratory-made nano-scale r–AlOOH as nanophase raw material, the compounding method characterized by direct solution-blending was adopted to prepare epoxy resin/AlOOH nano-composite material; the influences of various factors, such as the dispersion characteristics of nano-scale AlOOH and its content in composite material, on mechanical and flame retardant properties of composite material were studied. The result indicated that the epoxy resin/AlOOH nano-composite material, compared with the ordinary Al(OH)3/epoxy resin composite material, possessed excellent mechanical and flame retardant properties. When the content of AlOOH was 10%, the tensile strength and the breaking elongation rate of composite material was increased by 189% and 468%, respectively. When the mass ratio of AlOOH/epoxy resin was 70/100, the impact strength was increased by 59%; after it decreased to about 60/100, the vertical combustion reached the level of V-0.
The Antifriction Properties of Ultra-Fine Serpentine Powders as Lube Oil Additive on Iron-Based Friction Pair
Authors: Pang Ning , Bai Zhi Min
Published: December 2011

X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) as well as heat treating method etc have used to study the material characteristics of ultra-fine serpentine powder and analyze its material science bases for the improvement of tribological intervention behaviors of friction pair surface. The ultra-fine serpentine powders are taken as lube oil additive in present experiment. The friction coefficient is tested on the four-ball and ring-on-block friction pairs under different working conditions, and the surface topography of friction pair are observed and measured with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and three dimensional white light interfering profilometer. The results indicate that the ultra-fine serpentine powders as lube oil additive can significantly improve the antifriction properties of the lube oil. The content of the added ultra-fine serpentine powders can affect on the antifriction performance of the lube oil.
Magnetoresistance and Exchange Bias Effect of (Co2MnSi)1-X-(NiO)X Nanocomposites
Authors: Cai Xin Le , Li Shan Dong , Liu Mei Mei , Wu Jian Peng , Hu Yi , Qiu Jie , Lin Jian Hua
Published: December 2011

The (Co2MnSi)1-x-(NiO)x(x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) nanocomposites were fabricated by mechanical alloying using Co2MnSi Heusler alloy and NiO nanoparticles. It is revealed that antiferromagnetic NiO nanocrystallines dramatically enhances the magnetoresistance of the nanocomposites more than 20 times larger than that of the NiO-free Co2MnSi alloys at 300 K. The Exchange bias effect of the nanocomposites suggests that the spin-dependent tunneling and scattering at the interfaces of ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic are responsible for the enhancement of the magnetoresistance.
Optical Properties Characterization of InGaN/GaN near UV Photodetector with Surface Nano-Structure Fabricated by Nano-Imprinting
Authors: Zhang Jing , Sakai Shiro
Published: December 2011

An InGaN/GaN-based photodetector with nano-structure on the surface is present. Surface nano-structure was formed by nanoimprint lithography (NIL) and reactive ion etching (RIE) techniques. The NIL technique and nano-structure etching by employing RIE were demonstrated in details. The nano-pattern was designed as regular triangles consisting of columns, whose diameter and period were around 105 and 210 nm, respectively. The height of nano-columns was around 66 nm. The photo-voltage of this type of photodetector had very good wave characteristics with 60° period, and it presented different waveform at different angles and wavelengths of incident light. The periodic characteristics took not only on minimum voltage but also peak voltage. We demonstrated this characteristic by employing Bragg formulation.
Synthesis of Lipid-Quantum Dots and the Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer of Quantum Dots in Lipid Bilayer
Authors: Ye Chao , Li Chen Gui , Wang Yun Qing , Yu Jie , Zhou Fang , Hu Yu Zhu
Published: December 2011

Hydrophilic CdTe and NIR CdHgTe QDs were successfully transferred from aqueous solution to nonpolar chloroform solvent via efficient phase transfer reagent to synthesize lipid-QDs. The liposomes showed bright fluorescence under the fluorescence microscope. It was confirmed that fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) occurred between two types of QDs encapsulated in lipid bilayer with an excitation wavelength of 370nm, and the FRET efficiencies were satisfied (quenching efficiency was 51% and enhance efficiency was 40%), which laid a foundation for the research of drug release from liposomes.
Research Progress in Application of the Functional Ordered Microstructures
Authors: Wei Hong Yu , Guo Zhong Ning
Published: December 2011

With the development of science and technology, ordered microstructures with special functions have aroused intense research interest .It has been widely used in many fields. This paper summaries the research status in application of the orderly function structure and looks into its future development.
Preparation of Ordered TiO2 Macroporous Membrane Using PBMA Colloid Crystal as Template
Authors: Zhang Hong Zhong , Dong Feng , Zhai Sheng Nan , Kang Xue Jing , Fang Shao Ming
Published: December 2011

Poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) colloidal crystal templates were assembled orderly on the clean substrates of monocrystalline silicon by dip-drawing technique and titanium dioxide (TiO2) macroporous membranes were prepared by using sol-dipping template method to fill the interstices among the PBMA templates, followed by calcination to remove the templates at 550°C. Calcination of the PBMA templates was carried out according to the following procedure: the rate of rising temperature was 5°C/min from room temperature to 150°C, 2°C/min from 150°C to 270°C, 1°C/min from 270°C to 430°C, 2°C/min from 430°C to 550°C and maintained it at 550°C for 2h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra indicated the macroporous materials were anatase structure. The polymerization mechanism of BMA with Fenton reagent as a new initiator was discussed, and the removal process of the PBMA templates and the formation of TiO2pore size were investigated, respectively. The results showed that the new method of polymerization overcomes many problems associated with the conventional emulsion polymerization techniques such as long reaction time, necessary deoxygenation, and complicated operation.
Preparation of Nanometer-Sized Nickel Oxide by Hydrothermal Decomposition
Authors: Song Yan , Wei Chang , Li Cun Xiong , Xu Hong Sheng , Deng Zhi Gan , Liu Da Qiang
Published: December 2011

We prepared nanometer-sized nickel oxide by hydrothermal decomposition. In this work, NiSO4•6H2O and Na2CO3 were used as raw materials to prepare the precursors. Nanometer-sized nickel oxide was obtained after calcining the precursors. The temperature of the calcination process affects the morphology and size of the nanometer-sized nickel oxide. The precursors and products were analyzed by TG, XRD and SEM. Sheet nanometer-sized nickel oxide was obtained and characterized by its high purity, smooth surface, regular hexagon shape, average size of 500 nm and 30-60 nm thickness. The results indicate that the NiO particles become open pore structures at a calcination temperature above 500 °C
Study on Preparation and Photocatalytic Performance of Co-Doped TiO2 with Cu and Ce
Authors: Zhao Jiang Ping , Yang Xiao Ni , Zhang Hao
Published: December 2011

In this paper, Cu-Ce/TiO2nano-particles, whose molar ratio account for 2%,2.5%,3%,3.5% and 4% respectively, were synthesized by sol-gel method, using Ti(C4H9O)4as the raw material, And the photocatalytic activities of the prepared samples were investigated by degrading formaldehyde gas under pure visible light through simulating indoor environment in the environmental test chamber. Moreover, X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) and Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer were applied to analyze the crystallite size and optical properties of the samples. It is indicated that the sample of 2.5% performs best in the test. Besides, photocatalytic mechanism of co-doping of Cu-Ce was discussed.
Prepare Uniformity Superfine WO3 by Spray Drying
Authors: Liu Jian Hua , Huang Tao , Zhang Huan Ran , Wang Rui Xiang
Published: December 2011

Precursor of tungsten was obtained by spray drying process with high purity APT crystal liquor as material. The precursor was analysized by electron microscopy and X-ray. A suitable spray drying process was found through the morphology and powder structure. The influence of atomization disk rotational speed, the concentration ratio of ammonia to WO3 in APT liquor and APT liquor’s concentration on particle size, structure and morphology of the ball precursor were studied. Uniformity superfine WO3 was obtained from precursor by calcined.
Effects of Homogenization Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr Alloy
Authors: Liu Xian Lan , Liu Chu Ming , Zhang Wen Yu , Li Hui Zhong , Zeng Su Min
Published: December 2011

Mcrostructure and properties of Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr alloy have been investigated on different solution treatments and artificial aging conditions by optical microscope, SEM (scanning electron microscope) and TEM(transmission electron microscope). The results indicate that the grain boundarys become thinner and the second phases distributed on the grain boundarys become finer by double-stage homogenization at 400°C for 2h plus 460°C for 12h than that of homogenization at 420°C for 24h. Double-stage homogenization brings a greater peak-ageing hardness and longer time to reach peak hardness 20h about., and the ultimate tensile strength is 345MPa at 140°C for 34h, higher 15% than that of as-extruded
Effects of Doped Cu, Mn on Electrical Properties of SrTiO3-Based Varistor Ceramics
Authors: Wang Ning Zhang , Wen Zhang
Published: December 2011

CuO and MnCO3 doped SrTiO3-based multifunction ceramics were prepared respectively with solid state reaction method under vacuum condition. The electrical properties’ change with the oxidation temperature and microstructure were investigated. The results show that acceptor dopants behaves differently with the same sintering conditions. CuO-doped ceramic possess relative higher dielectric loss, dielectric constant and relative lower nonlinear coefficient, varistor voltage in contrast with MnCO3 doped ceramic with the same contents under the same sintering conditions. The grain size of CuO-doped sample is significantly larger than the sample doped with MnCO3. The grain distributions of CuO-doped sample is more homogeneous. The electrical properties of the ceramics are different due to the different behaviors of CuO and MnCO3 accepter dopants during the sintering process.
The Influence of Cu on the Electrical Properties of Ti(C, N)-Based Cermets
Authors: Pang Li Juan , Deng Gang , Zhang Xue Feng , Li Hui Rong , Fang Min Xian , Li Yu He , Liu Song Li
Published: December 2011

Cermets Ti(C，N)80%Co(10-x)% TiC10% Cux%(wt%，x=0，1，2，3， 4， 5) were prepared by powder metallurgy method under vacuum condition at 1500°C and the effects of Cu element to the electrical resistivity and flexural strength were studied in this paper. It turns out the electrical resistivity of the samples obviously decreases with the introduction of Cu element, but the electrical resistivity of the samples increases when the amount of Cu element in the samples becomes more. The flexural strengths of the samples decrease with the amount of Cu element increasing. Ti（C，N）80% Co9%TiC10% Cu1% shows the lowest electrical resistivity and the biggest flexural strength, 7.35*10-7Ω•m and 50.6Mpa. This may be due to the big wetting angle between Cu and the powders of the based body. With the amount of Cu element increasing, the obvious interfaces are made thus the electrical resistivity becomes bigger.
Synthesis of Al4SiC4-Al8SiC7 Composite Powders by Carbothermal Reduction Process
Authors: Yu Chao , Yuan Wen Jie , Li Jun , Zhu Hong Xi , Deng Cheng Ji
Published: December 2011

Tabular structure of Al4SiC4-Al8SiC7composites was successfully synthesized using a mixture of calcined bauxite, SiC and carbon black by a carbothermal reduction process. The effects of the amount of SiC addition and the heating temperature on synthesis of Al4SiC4-Al8SiC7composites by carbothermic reduction were investigated. The results show that SiC amount played an important role in the content of the final products. With the increasing of heating temperature, the Al4SiC4content increased and Al8SiC7content decreased in the products, which indicated the formation and growth of Al4SiC4were promoted.
Preparation and Hydration Resistance of MgO-MgAl2O4 Composite Refractory
Authors: Ding Jun , Yuan Wen Jie , Li Jun , Zhu Hong Xi , Deng Cheng Ji
Published: December 2011

Magnesia-magnesium aluminate (MA) spinel composite refractory was prepared by using fused magnesia, industrial alumina and AlCl3•6H2O as the raw materials. The effects of calcining temperature and holding time on phase compositions of MgO-MgAl2O4system samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). With the increase of calcining temperature, the hydration mass increasing rate of the sample decreases significantly. The results show that MgO-MgAl2O4composite refractory has quite excellent hydration resistance because of periclase grains with exsolved spinel phase.
Preparation of the System of BaO-MgO-Al2O3-TiO2 Acid-Resistant Fracturing Proppants
Authors: Wu Ting Ting , Wu Bo Lin
Published: December 2011

In order to improve the acid resistance and reduce the apparent density of fracturing proppants, TiO2 powder added in the system of BaO-MgO-Al2O3 fracturing proppants were prepared by the technique of pressureless sintering. The properties of the samples were investigated by the measurements of acid solubility, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the acid solubility of alumina matrix fracturing proppants contenting TiO2 of the 4wt% and BaO/MgO with the ratio of 3:7 is 0.15%. It is an important development in acid resistance performance of fracturing proppants research on laboratory. TiO2 is added to the raw materials and then calcine them to ceramics, which can reduces the sintering temperature, promote the densification and improve acid-resistant property of fracturing proppants.
Synthesis of Ce0.8Nd0.2O1.9 Nanocrystalline Powders by Low Temperature Combustion Process
Authors: Huang Yang Feng , Cai Ye Bin , Liu Hao
Published: December 2011

In this work, synthesis of the nanocrystalline Ce0.8Nd0.2O1.9Solid solution Powders by a nitrate-glycine gel-combustion process was investigated. The effects of glycine/metal ratio and calcination temperature on the powders phase structure, morphology and particle were investigated. TG-DSC curves and XRD peak of different glycine/metal ratio show that smaller particle size can be obtained with a slightly fuel-deficient ratio. XRD results indicate that the as-prepared powders are crystallinzed in a single fluorrite structure. The crystalline size ranges from 9 nm to 24 nm, which increases with the increase of calcination temperature. The SEM results imply some organic agent may be eliminated by high temperature calcination process.
Synthesis and Fluorescence Switching of a New Purple Photochromic Diarylethene
Authors: Liu Ming , Liu Gang , Cui Shi Qiang
Published: December 2011

A novel photochromic diarylethene was synthesized and its photochromism, fluorescence properties have been investigated. It underwent reversible cyclization and cycloreversion reactions upon alternating irradiation with UV and visible light in hexane. The results showed that this compound exhibited reversible photochromism and good fluorescent switching in solution and in PMMA upon irradiation with UV light and visible light.
Effect of Eu3+ on Spectroscopic Properties and Energy Transfer in Er3+/Eu3+-Doped Ga2O3-GeO2 Glass
Authors: Zhao Ying Gang , Shi Dong Mei , Liu Jin , Wang Xiao Feng
Published: December 2011

Spectroscopic properties and energy transfer (ET) in Er3+/Eu3+-doped Ga2O3-GeO2 glass have been investigated. Effects of alkali metal and alkaline earth metals ions on thermal stability of Er3+-doped gallate-germanium glass have been investigated. Simultaneously influences of Eu3+ codoping on the optical properties of Er3+-doped Ga2O3-GeO2-Na2O (GN) glass have been investigated and the possible ET mechanisms involved have also been discussed. Significant enhancement of the 1.53 µm emission intensity and decrease of upconversion (UC) fluorescence with increasing Eu3+ concentration have been observed. The results indicate that the incorporation of Eu3+ into Er3+-doped GN glass can effectively improve 1.53-μm and lower UC luminescence, which makes GN glass more attractive for their use in C-band optical fiber amplifiers.
Corrosion Behavior of Anodic Films Formed on Aluminium 7A04 Alloy in Boric/Sulphuric Mixed Acid and in Chromic Acid
Authors: Deng Shan , Xu Lei , Li Qiu Ze , Huang Xing Min , Liang Shu Lin , Dai Guang Ze
Published: December 2011

The corrosion behavior of the anodic oxide film on aluminium 7A04 alloy is investigated in current paper, where the different anodic oxide films are prepared. Morphology observation on different anodic films is carried out by using laser confocal microscopy (LCM) and copper sulfate test. Meanwhile, the electrochemical properties are evaluated through using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The LCM observation shows that the anodic oxide film formed in boric/sulphuric mixed acid is uniform with porous appearance, while the anodic oxide film formed in chromic aid is nonporous one but defective. The copper sulfate test results show that the corrosion regions almost developed from micropores in strong corrosive media. The evaluation of EIS in NaCl solution demonstrates that the corrosion resistance of specimen with anodic oxide film is much better than that without film. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of anodic film formed in boric/sulphuric mixed acid is better than that formed in chromic acid.
Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of Doped Europium Complexes with 2-Pyrazinecarboxylate
Authors: Zhang Hai Xia , Ma Rui Jun , Chu Hai Bin , Zhao Ming Yan , Chen Ying Nan , Kong Kai , Zhao Yong Liang
Published: December 2011

Seven europium complexes of 2-pyrazinecarboxylate (pyca) doped with inert fluorescent lanthanide ions (La3+, Y3+) have been synthesized. Elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, absorption spectroscopy and TG-DSC analysis showed that the complexes have the formulas of Eu(pyca)3•3H2O and EuxRE1-x(pyca)3•3H2O (RE=La, Y; x = 0.7,0.5,0.3), respectively. The lanthanide ions coordinated with carboxylic oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms of pyca. Luminescence spectra and luminescence life-times of the complexes have been measured and their quantum yields were calculated. The results showed that the existence of La3+and Y3+ions could enhance the luminescence intensity and quantum yield of the europium complexes, which may arise from the intramolecular energy transfer between the inert fluorescent lanthanide ions and Eu3+ion. Those doped complexes have the advantages of strong luminescence, low cost and practical application value.
Spectroscopic Properties of Er3+-Doped Ga2O3-GeO2-Bi2O3-PbO Glass
Authors: Shi Dong Mei , Zhao Ying Gang , Liu Jin , Wang Xiao Feng
Published: December 2011

Spectroscopic properties in Er3+-doped Ga2O3-GeO2-Bi2O3-PbO（BP）glass have been investigated and their promising application as Er3+-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) has also been evaluated under the excitation of 980 nm. The important roles of Bi2O3 substitution for PbO on spectroscopic properties, such as Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters (t=2, 4, 6) and emission spectra of Er3+, have been studied. The calculated peak emission cross-section of the 4I13/2→4I15/2 transition of Er3+ ions are 16.03×10-21 cm2 when the substituted PbO content by Bi2O3 is about 25 mol. The product of the peak emission cross-section ( ) and the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the sample is~689.29×10-28 cm3, which is higher than that of Er3+-doped silicate, phosphate and ZBLAN glasses. It was found that the substitution of Bi2O3 for PbO provides two potentials: broadening the full width at half-maximum of 1.53 μm fluorescence and improving the values of FWHM× of Er3+. The results strongly support that the Er3+-doped BP2 glass could be identified as a promising material for achieving 1.53 μm fiber amplifier.
Influence of Casting Speed on Solidification Process and Solidification Structure of Continuously Cast Bloom
Authors: Hou Zi Bing , Cheng Guo Guang
Published: December 2011

On the basis of problems about quality of steel products that a certain special steel factory facing, a heat transfer model about continuous casting process was first established, then the influence of casting speed on solidification process and solidification structure of continuously cast bloom was comprehensively studied. It is shown that shell thickness leaving mold, crater length and the value of H(which is chosen as the measurement criterion of the number of the heterogeneous nucleation nucleus) are influenced most with increasing casting speed. Meantime, compared with proportional control method, solidification process of continuously cast bloom is in uniform variation with small fluctuation by target surface temperature method. What’s more, when centre solidification time is considered only, central zone macrosegregation may form more easily at last by proportional control method with increasing casting speed, but it is opposite by target surface temperature method; when the value of G/V1/2 and the value of H are considered only, the ratio of equiaxed grain will increase with increasing casting speed by proportional control method, but it is opposite by target surface temperature method.
Influence of Hollow Electrode Ar-CH4 Co-Injection on Temperature in a Ladle Furnace with Alternating Current Supply
Authors: Zhan Dong Ping , Zhang Hui Shu , Jiang Zhou Hua , Gong Wei , Li Hua Bing , Chen Zhao Ping
Published: December 2011

The argon and methane gas mixtures co-injection tests were carried out with low carbon steel melts of 80 kg in a multi-function alternating current ladle furnace (AC-LF) equipped with a hollow graphite electrode. It is shown that, the heating rates of the heats with Ar-CH4injection are higher than that of the normal solid graphite electrode heat. The minimal average heating rate of the heat with Ar-CH4co-injection is 1.6 times than that of the normal solid graphite electrode heat, and the maximum is 6.6 times. When argon or Ar-CH4is injected into LF, the voltage is lower and the electric current amplitude are more stable than those of the normal solid graphite electrode heat, and it’s the most stable for the heat refining with φ(Ar)/φ(CH4)=85/15 injection.
Research on Thermal State of Mould Copper Plate with Different Heat Transfer Coefficient
Authors: Sun Li Gen , Li Hui Rong , Zhang Jia Quan
Published: December 2011

Heat transfer coefficient has a great influence to the thermal state of the mould copper plate. The coupled visco-elasto-plastic FEM models have been presented for thermal process analysis of steel the mould copper plates. With the understanding to the mould thermal state for different heat transfer coefficient, the characters of mould copper plate thermal state is obtained. It is shown that, when the heat transfer coefficient increasing, the surface temperature of the mould plate would be lower, but the temperature distribution trend is steady, and at same time, the heat transfer coefficient has little influence to the equivalent strain distribution, especially for the nodes nearer to the meniscus. For breakout signal catching of this mould, the thermocouple is better to embedded lower than 300mm to the meniscus by vertical, and less than 30mm to the mould cold side by level.
Process Analysis of Pb and Zn during Producing Iron Nuggets by Iron Bearing Dust
Authors: Zhao Dong Nan , Xue Zheng Liang , Wang Wei , Li Yi Shan , Song Sheng Qiang
Published: December 2011

Using the secondary iron bearing dust as raw material, to make high basicity and coal mixed briquette, and then the briquettes are rapid self-reduced to produce iron nuggets at high temperature, at the same time of obtain more pure iron nuggets, the removal rate of alkali metal elements Pb is above 90%,Zn is about removed completely, so as to solve the problem of the damage of alkali metal elements, and this can make great contributions to the energy conservation and emission reduction, and environment protection.
Phase Transformations and XRD Analysis of Austempered Ductile Iron
Authors: Abdullah Bulan , Alias S. K. , Jaffar A. , Idham M. F. , Ramli A.
Published: December 2011

This research penetrated on the transformation of phases in the microstructures of austempered ductile iron with respect to different austempering holding times. Ductile iron samples were constituted in form of Y block double cylinder with dimension of 300m x Ø25mm through CO2 sand casting process in 60 kg capacity furnace. Austempering process were conducted by first austenitizing the samples at temperature of 900°C for 1 hour. The process continues by rapidly quenched the samples inside salt bath furnace at 350°C for three different holding times of 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hour. Samples were then taken out and cooled at room temperature. Samples were then prepared in accordance to standard metallographic process and observed using Tabletop Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) model Hitachi TM3000. Phases were then verified through X-Ray Diffraction analysis (XRD) test by Rigaku diffractometer. The phase structures of as cast ductile iron mainly consisted of graphite nodules embedded in ferrite and pearlite phases Austempering the samples for 1 hour holding time promoted the structures of ferrite platelets and bainitic structures surrounding the graphite. Longer austempering holding times resulted in coarsening of the ferrite platelets structures and transformation from lower bainite to upper bainite structures.
Influence of Fe2O3 on Molten Slag Properties in Slag Splashing on Nickel Smelting Converter
Authors: Ma De Gang , Chen Wei Qing
Published: December 2011

To predict the effect of Fe2O3 on slag splashing properties in the nickel smelting converter, Factsage software was used to calculate the proportion of the liquid phase and the viscosity for MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2 melts, the melting temperature was measured using slag column deformation, and the microstructure was also observed. The results show that, when the content of Fe2O3 is increased from 13.79% to 24.14%, the liquid phase at 1250°C maintains a high proportion of 82.68% and the melting temperature is below 1200°C; The magnetite and hortonolite with high melting points are considerably increased, and the viscosity rises accordingly. The melting and viscous properties for the slag with high content of Fe2O3 were improved by adding MgO. Desired slag splashed layer was formed with the saturated Fe2O3 and MgO slag.
Research Lifetime of Oil Film Bearing on High-Speed Wire Mill Based on Reliability Analysis
Authors: Jiang Shi Bo , Liu Jie , Ten Jun Lin
Published: December 2011

Based on the prerequisite that oil- film Bearing wear extent obey normal distribution，This paper come to reliability account formula through wear extent probability density function，deduce the wear life account formula of oil- film Bearing. based on detailed statistical data, calculate the lifetime of oil film bearing in High Speed Wire Rod finishing block, and forward the method how to raise the lifetime of oil- film Bearing.
Investigation of Cost Optimization of Pig Iron
Authors: Wang Wei , Xu Zhi Hui , Chen Wei Lin , Xue Zheng Liang , Zhao Dong Nan , Song Sheng Qiang
Published: December 2011

Since the pig iron cost is the major cost of steel, reducing the pig iron cost is the key of reducing the cost and enhancing the competitive capacity of iron and steel enterprise. The law of the cost of pig iron change with time was analysed in the paper. The major factors which affect the cost of pig iron are confirm by the analysis the composition of the cost of pig iron, then the measures such as reducing material fee, injecting pulverized coal economically, improving BF operation and strengthening management are advised.
Fluid-Flow Characteristics and Critical Phenomenon in a Bottom Blowing Bath
Authors: Zhou Jie Min , Gao Qiang , Liu Liu , Liu Fang Kan , Yan Hong Jie
Published: December 2011

Water model experiments were carried out to understand the behavior of the bubble formation near the immersion nozzle, bubble rising velocity in the liquid. The critical state appeared when Fr number changed from 5 to 6 was described. The character of the critical phenomenon was whether the evident separation between two continuous bubbles or air masses appeared.
Monitoring Erosion Profile and Analyzing Reliability for Submerged Arc Furnace
Authors: Hu Dong , Wang Jing Yao , Li Li Jie , Chu Shao Jun
Published: December 2011

Based on the principle of heat transfer, a monitoring software package about identifying erosion profile of submerged arc furnace with “freeze” lining is developed by VC++. Reliability of traditional lining without monitoring system and “freeze” lining with monitoring software are evaluated by Fuzzy FMECA Method. There is a conclusion can be draw that the hazard rating of submerged arc furnace with traditional lining is 2.9094.This value of “freeze” lining is 2.1087.The result indicates that adopting the “freeze” lining with monitoring software can drop the potential safety hazard effectively and reduce casualties.
Formation of Protective Cr2O3 Scale at High Temperature and the Effect of Mass Transport in the Presence of Water Vapor
Authors: Mohd Hanafi Ani , Othman Raihan
Published: December 2011

The formation of protective Cr2O3scale at high temperature was evaluated using Wagner’s theory of binary alloy oxidation. The results show that at 1073 K, around 9.8 wt% of Cr is required to form external Cr2O3scale, and 3.5wt% of Cr is needed to maintain the scale. Introduction of water vapor has shifted the critical Cr concentration to higher value. The effects of water vapor in increasing Cr critical concentration to form external Cr2O3scale was disscussed from view of oxygen permeablility and Cr diffusivity in the alloy. It is concluded that Cr diffusivity has negligible effect, while oxygen permeability increase with the presence of water vapor, thus increase the oxidation rate.
Experimental Study of Sintering Flue Gas Desulphurization with Ferromanganese Ore Slurry
Authors: Song Chun Yan , Gui Yong Liang , Yan Qi Cao , Hu Bin Sheng
Published: December 2011

Combining with the chemical reaction mechanism of sintering flue gas desulphurization with ferromanganese ore slurry, the effect of several technology parameters on desulphurization efficiency of simulative sintering flue gas was studied systematically with the sprayed bubbling reactor designed by ourselves. Result indicated that the desulphurization efficiency of sintering flue gas increased with the decreasing of ferromanganese ore particle size and the increasing of stirring speed of ferromanganese ore slurry. The high SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas is not beneficial to improve the desulphurization effect. High desulphurization efficiency can be achieved by reducing flux of sintering flue gas. However, the formation of bubbling reaction is difficult if the sintering flue gas flow is too low, and then the desulphurization efficiency decreased.
Experimental Study on the Impact of Oxygen Lances on Bath Mixing in EAF
Authors: Qin Li Xue , Cang Da Qiang , Xu Dong , Duan Jian Feng
Published: December 2011

Stirring characteristics of wall oxygen lances of EAF and bath mixing under different conditions were studied by using an 1/10 length scale down of cold model of 100-ton capacity EAF. The effects of horizontal angle, vertical angle of a lance and the distribution of lances along the EAF wall on bath stirring and mixing were researched experimentally. The results showed that the horizontal angle of the lances had significant impact on the local fluid flow and mixing time, whereas the mixing time is less affected by the lance vertical angle relatively. It was found that the shortest mixing time had been obtained in the conditions that the horizontal angles were -3°, 0° and -2° respectively under the modified lance distribution in the variant shape of bath. Compared with the mixing time measured in the conditions of the prototype, the average mixing time for p1, p2 and p3 and the mixing time for p4 point were reduced by 52.3% and 44.7% respectively with the optimum scheme.
Study on Mechanism of Desulfurization by Spent Zn-MnO2 Batteries
Authors: Wang Da Hui , Zhang Sha , Xia Ji Hong
Published: December 2011

The mechanism of a novel desulfurization method using spent Zn-MnO2 batteries has been studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and the experiments of SO2 absorption. The XRD results show that the positive electrode of spent Zn-MnO2 batteries consists of a mixture of α-MnO2, Mn2O3 and Mn3O4 phase. The SEM results show that micropores and microparticles are observed in the positive electrode surface, the relative content of zinc and graphite increases in the positive electrode after discharging according to EDS. The results of absorption experiments show that the electrolyte of spent batteries is of weak alkali which verifies the feasibility of absorbing SO2 using spent Zn-MnO2 batteries. Furthermore, the solution obtained by washing the positive electrode with low concentration ammonia is of much better desulfurization efficiency than that with distilled water directly, and 40°C is the optimum to absorb SO2 at a range of 30-70°C.