bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Sciences of Islam” and “Islamic Sciences”: Identity and Differences
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Mukhtar Yakhyaevich Yakhyaev
Published: June 2024

On the assumption of the identity and differences between the “sciences of Islam” and “Islamic sci-ences”, the peculiarities of their subject matter, logic, and methodology of knowledge, the author substantiates the significance of combining the efforts and potential of various branches of Islamic studies in order to create the image of Islam adequate to the in-depth essence and forms of the Mus-lim religion and to overcome the stereotypical ideas thereof. The specific features of the “sciences of Islam” are derived from their initial focus on developing a value-neutral image of Islam formed by an outside researcher guided by the criteria of social and humanitarian knowledge. “Islamic scienc-es” are associated with their traditional orientation towards understanding Islam from within the religion itself, on the basis of unconditional faith in One Allah, the Islamic understanding of the world and man, as well as the cult, norms of behavior, and principles of Islamic doctrine prescribed from above. The article substantiates the danger of a content-related transformation of “Islamic sci-ences”, the prospect of losing their confessional essence and meaning in the event of their forced transformation into a scientific discipline that meets the criteria of social and humanitarian knowledge. Another subject to the author’s critical consideration is Islamology, which in recent dec-ades has established itself as a borderline branch of Islamic knowledge formed according to the can-ons of post-non-classical science. It is noted that Islamology, declaring itself a discipline that meets international standards of science, is based on the principles of critical analysis and dialogue with various humanities and social sciences and focuses on the paradigm of understanding God as the true goal of a scientist, actually transforms the problem of understanding the essence and existence of Islam into the problem of the essence and existence of Allah, which has always been and still re-mains the pivot of theology/theology of Islam.
Islam and War: Ramzan Kadyrov's Telegram-Channel During the Special Military Operation
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (PFRC UB RAS), Al’bina Viktorovna Mikhaleva
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the study is determined by the influence of the special military operation (SMO) on the transformation of political discourse on the Internet. The novelty of the research is due to the identi-fication of current trends in the proposed content in the modern Russian media space. The start of a special military operation (SMO/SVO) determined a new model of the political development of the Russian Federation, and also significantly influenced the political discourse of the heads of Russian regions. The political discourse, in turn, forms social and political views at the grassroots level. This paper examines the religious and political discourse of the Head of the Chechen Republic Ramzan Kadyrov in the Telegram messenger during the first year of the SMO. The study is focused on identify-ing the specifics of the formation of religious and political content in social networks in wartime. The work is based on the methods of classical and digital sociology, as well as discursive analysis of text messages. 2035 publications by R. Kadyrov on the Telegram page from February 24, 2022 to February 23, 2023, including 1406 videos, 165 photos/print-screens, 20 audio messages and 3 docs-attachments were analyzed using a continuous sample. Finally, conclusions are drawn in relation to some change in Kadyrov’s public discourse for the past year. On his personal page in Telegram, religious themes with an emphasis on traditional values, the image of the enemy and the legitimation of armed struggle (ji-had) acquire an exceptional sound in the conditions of the SMO. In today's political realities, a reli-gious resource and an open armed conflict successfully complement each other. At the same time, the head of the Chechen Republic demonstrates a claim to religious authority both on a Russian and global scale: he openly opposes Western ideology not only on the battlefield, but also in the religious content, actively participates in the sacralization of the SMO and its jihadization. The obtained conclusions ex-pand the knowledge about the potential of a religious resource in open conflicts and raise the question of the prospects for its use by other religious communities.
The Center for Islamic Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors:   The Center for Islamic Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic  of Tatarstan, Daniyar Rustamovich Gilmutdinov
Published: June 2024

The monograph under review is analyzed from the point of view of Islamic anthropology and dog-matics. The logic and argumentation in discussing the phenomenon of “political Islam” is investi-gated. The book criticizes the unconventional nature of political ideology of building a state for Muslims, where special emphasis is placed on the sacralization of the ruler's personality. To refute the connection between religion and state-building, psychological, political and ideological tools are used in order to replace religious stereotypes with “worldy” goals. In our opinion, the author's posi-tion is unconventional. It appears to be an artificial concept of religion as a private spiritual practice and a bureaucratic segment of Muslims, supported by the ideas of European orientalists, religious scholars and sociologists. The socio-political activity of believers, criticized in the monograpg, is evaluated from the point of view of intentional, though covert, private interest. The author seems to ignore both the connotation indicating the drive of the Islamic community for cultural and political unity from the very beginning of Islam, discernible in historical facts, and the local tradition of the Islamic periphery, vitally interested in a sense of belonging to the great Islamic civilization of the Middle East.
Problems of Sharia in the intellectual discourse of modern Indonesian society
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Maksym Valer’evich Kyrchanoff
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyse the problems of Sharia law and Shariatization of law in modern Indonesian society. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the problems of Shariatization of Indonesian society, which remain understudied in modern Russian historiography. Methodologically, the article is based on the principles proposed in the new social history, which allows to investigate the phenomenon of Shariatization through the prism of societal reaction to forced modernization, stimulat-ing the growth of contradictions between Sharia as part of the traditional political and legal culture and the norms transplanted from the West into the secular development model. The article analyses 1) the issue of correlation between secular and religious law in Indonesia, 2) the development of the phenom-enon of legal parallelism in Indonesia, which emerged as a consequence of the limited implementation of Sharia norms in legal and political practices, 3) identifying the role of universities as the main intel-lectual centres that actualise and accumulate public demand for Sharia law in Indonesian society. It is assumed that, in Indonesia, legal parallelism based on the simultaneous and parallel co-development of secular law and Sharia law emerged and developed. The article shows that 1) political modernisation and the construction of Indonesia as a secular state did not lead to a significant weakening of Muslim legal traditions, 2) the limited application of Sharia is recognised by Muslim intellectuals and devel-oped as the ijtihad, focused on the academic study of Sharia, 3) discussions about Sharia and its place in legal practices are localised at the level of the university community, which determines the moderate nature of public perception of the problems and prospects of Shariatization.
Hadiths and utterances of Islamic figures in Arabic inscriptions in Akhtynski district of Dagestan
Authors:   Dagestan State University of National Economy, Zamir Shakhbanovich Zakariyaev
Published: June 2024

Among the sources on the history of Islam in Dagestan, an important place is occupied by numerous epigraphic monuments of the region, the vast majority thereof being compiled in Arabic. During field studies of Arabic-language epigraphy in the villages of Akhtynski district of Dagestan, we identified inscriptions of various genres, whose texts included hadiths and utterances by prominent Islamic fig-ures and scholars of theology. Inscriptions consisting entirely of utterances by authoritative Muslim figures of the early era of Islam have been recorded. Such epigraphic monuments had not previously been the subject of a separate study. It has been established that the inclusion of texts of some hadiths is typical only of certain genres of epigraphy. For example, the texts of construction inscriptions re-garding the construction or repair of Islamic religious buildings, as a rule, contained the same hadith, its content being directly related to construction activities. The study demonstrated that educated people who had acquired knowledge in Islamic sciences and were familiar with authoritative collections of hadiths were among the compilers and calligraphers of inscriptions. The epigraphic materials presented are novel for the scholarly discourse.
Efectividad de la acción de tutela para garantizar la prestación de los servicios de salud a los migrantes venezolanos en el Chocó (2016-2021)
Authors: Asprilla Panesso Edwin Samir , Domínguez Mosquera Jesús Javier , Espinosa Mena Jhonatan , Palacios Minotta Yair Alexander
Published: June 2024

Introduction: This article analyzes the tutela action as an effective tool that allows the protection of the right to health of Venezuelan migrants in Chocó, in addition to studying how the migration of Venezuelans to this department has implied a high demand in the provision of essential services, such as the health service, a provision that has some notable shortcomings in its normal functioning and that has been exacerbated by the high demand generated by the attention to the migrant population. Objective: To establish thenormative tools available to Venezuelan migrants to make their right to health effective through the analysis and synthesis method. Methodology: Qualitative-descriptive, based on a review of electronic journals, articles in scientific journals, as well as consultationof official State pages on the chosen topic. Conclusions: The tutela action is a suitable mechanism used by Venezuelan migrants to protect their right to health, in addition to the Temporary Statute of Protection for Venezuelan Migrants (ETPV) as a tool that allowsdirect access to health services and prevents this right from being undermined.
Tratamiento taxonómico de Coutaportla (Chiococceae, Rubiaceae)
Authors: Torres Montúfar Alejandro
Published: June 2024

Antecedentes y Objetivos: El género Coutaportla se distribuye desde el norte de México hasta Guatemala y Honduras. Se caracteriza por las flores tetrámeras o pentámeras, así como frutos capsulares de dehiscencia loculicida. Su circunscripción ha generado debate ya que se segregó el género Lorencea. Sin embargo, estudios moleculares y características morfológicas no apoyan esta separación. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un tratamiento actualizado de Coutaportla, incluyendo las nuevas especies descritas recientemente, una clave de identificación, mapas de distribución por especie y descripciones taxonómicas.Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de estudios taxonómicos y de los protólogos de Coutaportla. Se observaron ejemplares de herbario, incluyendo tipos, y se consultaron colecciones en línea y portales de internet especializados, con la finalidad de actualizar la información taxonómica y generar mapas de distribución.Resultados clave: Coutaportla incluye cinco especies; todas ellas presentes en México. Cuatro son endémicas y una se distribuye también en Centroamérica. Tres de estas son conocidas únicamente de la localidad tipo en el país. Se presenta además información de los tipos de vegetación donde se desarrollan las especies, que van desde áridos, templados hasta tropical-húmedos. Morfológicamente, las características que permiten el reconocimiento de especies residen en la placentación del ovario (subapical, media o basal), y características de la flor y de la hoja. Conclusiones: El estudio morfológico integral del género Coutaportla apoya la sinonimia de Lorencea. Adicionalmente se destacan las diferencias morfológicas y se proveen análisis del estado de conservación en los que se resalta la importancia del género como un elemento subendémico de México y con distribución restringida de la mayoría de sus especies.
Comportamiento vegetativo de quina (Cinchona pubescens Vahl.) con la aplicación de cuatro bioestimulantes orgánicos en invernadero en Perú
Authors: Sanchez Santillan Tito , Huamán Vela María Hipólita , Fernandez Zarate Franklin Hitler , Vásquez García Jheiner
Published: June 2024

La quina (Cinchona pubescens) es una especie de importancia medicinal a nivel mundial, debido a su contenido de quinina, alcaloide utilizado en el tratamiento de la malaria; por lo que optimizar un paquete de quina en manejo silvícola y en invernadero con bioestimulantes orgánicos, podría representar una alternativa promisoria para su reproducción masiva. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el comportamiento vegetativo de quina (Cinchona pubescens) con la aplicación de cuatro bioestimulantes orgánicos en invernadero, donde se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con Big-Hor, Incentive, Agrostemin®-GL, biol nutritivo y un control; con tres repeticiones y 16 plantas por unidad experimental. Para el experimento, las plántulas de 1 cm de tamaño fueron obtenidas posgerminación en microtúneles y trasplantadas a un sustrato combinado de tierra agrícola y arena en proporción 2:1 (v/v). La fertilización foliar fue fraccionada en tres partes, para aplicaciones a los 15, 75 y 90 días después del repicado. En el estudio se reportó que Agrostemin®-GL tuvo influencia positiva en el tamaño de la planta (11,11 cm), el diámetro de tallo (3,21 mm), la materia seca foliar (0,43 g) y el área foliar (54,16 cm2); mientras que el biol nutritivo solamente influenció en el tamaño radicular (19,44 cm) y la biomasa seca radicular (0,14 g). Se concluye que el Agrostemin®-GL y el biol nutritivo mostraron una mayor eficiencia en el crecimiento y la ganancia de biomasa total de plantas de C. pubescens, sugiriendo utilizarlos como alternativa ecológica y promisoria para obtener plantones de quina vigorosos en invernadero.
Digital and Hybrid Pediatric and Youth Mental Health Program Implementation Challenges During the Pandemic: Literature Review With a Knowledge Translation and Theoretical Lens Analysis
Authors: Lyzwinski Lynnette , Mcdonald Sheila , Zwicker Jennifer , Tough Suzanne
Published: June 2024

Background

The pandemic brought unprecedented challenges for child and youth mental health. There was a rise in depression, anxiety, and symptoms of suicidal ideation.

Objective

The aims of this knowledge synthesis were to gain a deeper understanding of what types of mental health knowledge translation (KT) programs, mental health first aid training, and positive psychology interventions were developed and evaluated for youth mental health.

Methods

We undertook a literature review of PubMed and MEDLINE for relevant studies on youth mental health including digital and hybrid programs undertaken during the pandemic (2020-2022).

Results

A total of 60 studies were included in this review. A few KT programs were identified that engaged with a wide range of stakeholders during the pandemic, and a few were informed by KT theories. Key challenges during the implementation of mental health programs for youth included lack of access to technology and privacy concerns. Hybrid web-based and face-to-face KT and mental health care were recommended. Providers required adequate training in using telehealth and space.

Conclusions

There is an opportunity to reduce the barriers to implementing tele–mental health in youth by providing adequate technological access, Wi-Fi and stationary internet connectivity, and privacy protection. Staff gained new knowledge and training from the pandemic experience of using telehealth, which will serve as a useful foundation for the future. Future research should aim to maximize the benefits of hybrid models of tele–mental health and face-to-face sessions while working on minimizing the potential barriers that were identified. In addition, future programs could consider combining mental health first aid training with hybrid digital and face-to-face mental health program delivery along with mindfulness and resilience building in a unified model of care, knowledge dissemination, and implementation.
Inequalities in the Ability for People With Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes to Adapt to the Reduction in In-Person Health Support and Increased Use of Digital Support During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Turnbull Sophie , Cabral Christie
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented challenges for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes to access in-person health care support. Primary care teams accelerated plans to implement digital health technologies (DHTs), such as remote consultations and digital self-management. There is limited evidence about whether there were inequalities in how people with T2D and prediabetes adjusted to these changes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore how people with T2D and prediabetes adapted to the reduction in in-person health support and the increased provision of support through DHTs during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

METHODS

A purposive sample of people with T2D and prediabetes was recruited by text message from primary care practices that served low-income areas. Semistructured interviews were conducted by phone or video call, and data were analyzed thematically using a hybrid inductive and deductive approach.

RESULTS

A diverse sample of 30 participants was interviewed. There was a feeling that primary care had become harder to access. Participants responded to the challenge of accessing support by rationing or delaying seeking support or by proactively requesting appointments. Barriers to accessing health care support were associated with issues with using the total triage system, a passive interaction style with health care services, or being diagnosed with prediabetes at the beginning of the pandemic. Some participants were able to adapt to the increased delivery of support through DHTs. Others had lower capacity to use DHTs, which was caused by lower digital skills, fewer financial resources, and a lack of support to use the tools.

CONCLUSIONS

Inequalities in motivation, opportunity, and capacity to engage in health services and DHTs lead to unequal possibilities for people with T2D and prediabetes to self-care and receive care during the COVID-19 pandemic. These issues can be addressed by proactive arrangement of regular checkups by primary care services and improving capacity for people with lower digital skills to engage with DHTs.
Convolutional neural networks models for visual classification of pressure ulcer stages (Preprint)
Authors: Lei Changbin , Jiang Yan , Xu Ke , Liu Shanshan , Cao Hua , Wang Cong
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Pressure ulcers (PUs), also called pressure injuries (PIs) bring a negative health impact on patients and pose a substantial economic burden on society. Accurate staging is the key to the treatment of PUs. The deep learning (DL) algorithm using convolutional neural networks(CNNs) of images have achieved good classification performance in complicated of skin diseases, which also has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy in staging PUs.

OBJECTIVE

We explored the potential of applying different CNNs algorithms, namely AlexNet, VGGNet16, GoogLeNet, ResNet 18, to PUs staging aiming to provide an effective tool to assist in evaluation.

METHODS

PU images from patients, including stageⅠ, stageⅡ, stage Ⅲ, stage Ⅳ, unstageable, and suspected deep tissue injury (SDTI), were collected at a tertiary hospital in China. To ensure sample balance, we randomly selected an equal number of images in each stage to form image dataset. Additionally, we augmented the sample size through data enhancement. The collected images were then divided into training, validation, and test sets in a ratio of 6:2:2. Subsequently, we trained them using AlexNet, GoogLeNet, VGGNet16, and ResNet 18 to develop staging models.

RESULTS

We collected 821 raw PU images and with the following distribution across stages: stage Ⅰ (113), stage Ⅱ (113), stage Ⅲ (186), stage Ⅳ (108), unstageable (118), and suspected deep tissue injury (SDTI) (113). In addition, 100 images for each stage were selected and a total of 3000 images were obtained after augmentation. The training, validation, and test sets were didvided in a ratio of 6:2:2. Among all the CNN models, ResNet 18 demonstrated the highest accuracy (0.9333), precision (0.987), recall (0.933), and F1 score (0.959). The classification performance of AlexNet, GoogLeNet, and VGGNet16 exhibited accuracies of 0.896, 0.75, and 0.625, respectively. The precision values were 0.97, 0.95, and 0.953, while the recall values were 0.896, 0.75, and 0.953, and the F1 scores were 0.935, 0.83, and 0.953, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The CNNs-based models demonstrated a strong classification ability of images of PUs, which might promote high efficient, low-cost PU diagnosis and staging.
Congestive Heart Failure and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Effect of Cardiomyopathy on the Risk of Acute Stress Disorder in Taiwan, 2000-2015 (Preprint)
Authors: Yu Pi-Ching , Hsin Ho-Tsung , Chung Ren-Jei , Huang Yao-Ching , Chien Wu-Chien
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

It is now known that determining the comorbidity of COPD and HF leads to a poor prognosis. Our hypothesis that psychological problems predict mortality and that adults with cardiomyopathy will exhibit more psychological problems has predictive that has value in clinical management strategies. At present, research on physical and mental diseases of cardiomyopathy complicated with cardiopulmonary problems is limited.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate whether Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) affect cardiomyopathy and increase Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) risk.

METHODS

Gender, age, and comorbidities were analyzed with 1:4 matching using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan in the study. 9,709 patients with cardiomyopathy, 9,623 with ASD, were selected; 38,836 patients without cardiomyopathy, 38,482 with ASD, were also selected. The study using SPSS 22 statistical software to perform Cox regression analysis.

RESULTS

ASD risk with cardiomyopathy is 1.635 times higher than non-cardiomyopathy. Females are 1.890 times more likely to commit ASD than males. Age 20-49 is 1.819 times more likely to develop ASD than age ≥65. People with CHF have a 1.290 times higher risk of developing ASD than people without CHF. People with COPD had a 1.314 times higher risk of developing ASD than people without COPD.

CONCLUSIONS

Cardiomyopathy increases the risk of ASD, and patients with cardiomyopathy with CHF and COPD have a greater risk of ASD than those without CHF and COPD. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility that CHF and COPD in patients with cardiomyopathy may affect ASD risk.
Konstruksi Realitas Pengukuran Tanah di Wadas dalam Media Online Nasional (Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Isu Wadas di Tempo.co Periode 8-11 Februari 2022)
Authors: Bayuaji Bonifatius Wisnumurti , Monggilo Zainuddin Muda Z.
Published: June 2024

This research aims to examine the framing of online media coverage by Tempo.co regarding the agrarian land measurement case in Wadas during the period of February 8-11, 2022. The study employs a cognitive paradigm with a qualitative approach. The researchers utilize the Pan and Kosiscki framework model to analyze the media framing in ten online news texts from Tempo.co. In addition to using data from news texts, this research conducts interviews with the Tempo.co editorial team to understand the behind-the-scenes process of news coverage, as well as Tempo.co's framing and values. Through the process of analyzing using the Pan and Kosiscki framing model, Tempo.co exhibits a negative framing of the police actions in Wadas, highlighting police actions that violate human rights principles and emphasizing the conflict's impact on the residents.Insights from the interviews with Tempo.co reveal that the government's indiscriminate labeling of misinformation has a detrimental effect on the media's credibility and undermines the community's struggle to obtain their rights. As an independent media outlet, Tempo.co consistently upholds the standards of accurate, objective journalism that does not harm anyone.
Influence of Teacher-Learners’ Classroom Interactions’ Strategies on Learners’ Learning Performance in Lower Primary. Case of Endoglossic Country, Rwanda
Authors: Ingabire Marie Yvonne , Nizeyimana Gabriel , Mukingambeho Dr. Delphine , Tusiime Dr. Michael
Published: June 2024

The study intended to analyze the influence of strategies employed in teacher-learners’ classroom interactions through English on learners’ learning performance in the lower primary of Musanze District. It followed a sequential exploratory research design. Six primary schools were purposively selected for qualitative data gathering, and ninety-one schools were sampled for quantitative data collection. Qualitative data were collected by semi-structured interviews conducted with 12 teachers and 6 school head teachers, while quantitative data were obtained from the written questionnaire administered to 84 teachers in lower primary. The thematic analysis was employed to analyze qualitative information while quantitative data were treated using inferential statistical analysis by T-test and ANOVA. Findings from the study revealed that some strategies employed in teacher-learners’ classroom interactions do not provide room of improving English language used as Medium of Instruction. Therefore, barriers in Medium of Instruction lead to misunderstanding or wrong interpretation of questions or other required tasks during school exercises, tests or examinations, that provoke low learners’ learning performance mostly in public and government-aided schools compared to their fellows in private schools, with satisfactory proficiency in English. Then, a statistically significant difference was detected between learners’ learning performance of learners in private versus their counterparts in public and government-aided schools. The study concluded that the language barrier handicaps effective teacher- learners’ classroom interactions and learners’ learning performance. Then, it recommended teachers and learners to adopt measures that improve their English proficiency as well as their interactions, to refine learners’ understanding of subjects taught in English to boost learners’ learning performance.
Reduction of finite sampling noise in quantum neural networks
Authors: Kreplin David A. , Roth Marco
Published: June 2024

Quantum neural networks (QNNs) use parameterized quantum circuits with data-dependent inputs and generate outputs through the evaluation of expectation values. Calculating these expectation values necessitates repeated circuit evaluations, thus introducing fundamental finite-sampling noise even on error-free quantum computers. We reduce this noise by introducing the variance regularization, a technique for reducing the variance of the expectation value during the quantum model training. This technique requires no additional circuit evaluations if the QNN is properly constructed. Our empirical findings demonstrate the reduced variance speeds up the training and lowers the output noise as well as decreases the number of necessary evaluations of gradient circuits. This regularization method is benchmarked on the regression of multiple functions and the potential energy surface of water. We show that in our examples, it lowers the variance by an order of magnitude on average and leads to a significantly reduced noise level of the QNN. We finally demonstrate QNN training on a real quantum device and evaluate the impact of error mitigation. Here, the optimization is feasible only due to the reduced number of necessary shots in the gradient evaluation resulting from the reduced variance.
Synthesizing and multiplexing autonomous quantum coherences
Authors: Slobodeniuk Artur , Novotný Tomáš , Filip Radim
Published: June 2024

Quantum coherence is a crucial prerequisite for quantum technologies. Therefore, the robust generation, as autonomous as possible, of quantum coherence remains the essential problem for developing this field. We consider a method of synthesizing and multiplexing quantum coherence from spin systems without any direct drives only coupled to bosonic baths. The previous studies in this field have demonstrated that a back-action of the bath to the spin subsystem is important to generate it, however, it simultaneously gives significant limits to the generated coherence. We propose a viable approach with the bosonic bath that allows overcoming these limits by avoiding the destructive effect of the back-action processes. Using this approach, we suggest an advanced synthesis of the quantum coherence non-perturbatively in the spin-boson coupling parameters of multiple bosonic baths to increase and multiplex it for upcoming proof-of-principle experiments.
INTERVENCIÓN DIDÁCTICA SOBRE INSECTOS EN EDUCACIÓN INFANTIL
Authors: Fernández Alba Unai , Torralba-Burrial Antonio
Published: June 2024

Se diseña e implementa una intervención didáctica sobre hormigas con alumnado de educación infantil de 4 años. Partiendo de una evaluación diagnóstica sobre sus experiencias/percepciones con los insectos, las actividades contrastan los conceptos mamiferoides y antropomorfos sobre las hormigas con observaciones de hormigas reales y reproducciones realistas, e incluyen también un desarrollo compatible con fichas clásicas diseñadas con estos insectos. Los resultados alcanzados con la intervención educativa han sido muy positivos desde las perspectivas metodológicas, motivacionales y de acercamiento emocional a los seres vivos, además de los relacionados con los saberes básicos sobre el grupo. Las diferencias entre dibujos al inicio y al final de la experiencia muestra la evolución experimentada en cuanto al concepto de hormiga.
Turismo y balnearios en Mendoza (Argentina)
Authors: Bianchi Palomares Pablo Federico Ricardo
Published: June 2024

Este trabajo indaga en el desarrollo de la balneoterapia, durante las décadas de 1920 y 1930 en Mendoza, provincia situada en el oeste de Argentina. Luego de la llegada del ferrocarril en 1885, se registró un proceso de modernización a distintas escalas, sustentado por los gobiernos liberal-conservadores en la provincia y el país. Durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX tuvieron auge los espacios destinados al ocio y la sociabilidad: en lo económico-empresarial, el surgimiento de hoteles y estaciones balnearias fue impulsado por las políticas públicas de ese momento, o bien propiciado por la iniciativa privada. Estos emprendimientos ampliaron los itinerarios turísticos de las afueras de la ciudad, asociados al ocio y al tratamiento de dolencias, facilitado por el aumento de la movilidad mecanizada y las mejoras en las vías de comunicación terrestre. La investigación busca dar cuenta de los cambios y persistencias en las prácticas, los espacios de sociabilidad, los actores intervinientes y los medios de transporte; para lo cual se sirve de fuentes primarias, como artículos en prensa, revistas de actualidades, guías turísticas, fotografías históricas, memorias de gobierno y estadísticas oficiales, analizadas a la luz del modelo narrativo histórico.
Una nueva mirada sobre la subsistencia del norte de Colombia: reconstrucción del uso temprano de yuca, maíz, batata y de otras plantas durante el periodo Formativo Temprano (7000-3000 AP) a partir de almidones
Authors: Mejía-Cano Martha Beatriz
Published: June 2024

En este artículo se presentan nuevas evidencias que sugieren el consumo y el procesamiento de plantas por parte de grupos de cazadores y recolectores que ocuparon sabanas y litorales del Caribe colombiano en el periodo Formativo Temprano (7000-3000 AP). Los resultados obtenidos con el análisis de almidones en artefactos líticos, azadas de concha y cálculos dentales confirman el uso y el consumo de recursos tuberosos como la raíz engrosada de la yuca (Manihot sp.) y semillas como el maíz (Zea mays), consideradas para la arqueología de la región plantas importantes que hicieron parte de la alimentación prehispánica. Los materiales analizados pertenecen a colecciones previamente excavadas por Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff y Alicia Dussán (1965) en Puerto Hormiga, recientemente en Monsú por Carvajal (2012), y San Jacinto 1 por Oyuela y Bonzani (2005). En total, se logró recuperar una variedad de gránulos (285), lo que permitió corroborar que dentro de los sistemas de subsistencia el aprovechamiento de raíces, tubérculos, rizomas, mesocarpios y semillas incluyeron estos recursos como complemento de proteínas y calorías que se obtenían del consumo de partes de animales.
Formación geoarqueológica del sitio arqueológico El Porvenir, vereda El Porvenir, municipio de Iles, departamento de Nariño (Colombia)
Authors: Mendoza Acosta Ricardo , Rubin de Rubin Julio Cezar
Published: June 2024

El presente texto hace parte de los resultados del programa de arqueología preventiva llevado a cabo en el marco de la ejecución del proyecto vial Rumichaca- Pasto, y se basa en las intervenciones arqueológicas realizadas en la vereda El Porvenir, municipio de Iles, departamento de Nariño, al sur de Colombia. Esta investigación busca aportar al conocimiento de contextos arqueológicos desde la perspectiva geoarqueológica, por medio de la comprensión de procesos antrópicos y naturales hallados en dos terrazas.
Retos y resultados de la puesta en valor del área arqueológica protegida de Tunja
Authors: Quiroz Ríos María Paz , López Estupiñán Laura
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue iniciar un proceso de puesta en valor que garantizara la conservación y la salvaguarda de los sitios patrimoniales arqueológicos en un contexto universitario. El desconocimiento de la continuidad histórica por más de 2 000 años en la sede central de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC) nos llevó a elaborar y ejecutar un plan de puesta en valor que priorizó el reconocimiento del parque museo arqueológico de la UPTC como área de importancia histórico-cultural de carácter regional y nacional. Mediante un trabajo participativo de gestión cultural y educativa se reconoció a la comunidad educativa como actor-agente en la conservación y divulgación del área, se elaboró un plan de conservación preventiva que articuló el área arqueológica al campus universitario. De esta manera, se respondió a las demandas educativas de la región, se fortaleció el proceso de apropiación y se puso en valor el área arqueológica protegida de Tunja.
Volver a la tierra. Estudio de un caso de restitución de patrimonio arqueológico en Colombia
Authors: Hernández Guzmán Mayra Juliana
Published: June 2024

Este artículo trata sobre un estudio de caso en torno a una restitución de bienes arqueológicos, para lo cual reconstituye y analiza las peripecias de algunos objetos del patrimonio arqueológico precolombino colombiano que encontraron su tierra de origen recientemente: objetos orfebres Tairona devueltos por la baronesa belga Dora Janssen en el año 2016 y que el pueblo indígena Kogi conserva en la actualidad. Se propone un estudio de la gestión de los objetos restituidos desde la gestión actual del patrimonio arqueológico en Colombia, así como de los desafíos jurídicos, sociales y políticos de dicho caso, con el objetivo de tener una visión más completa sobre la gestión del patrimonio arqueológico precolombino en el país.
Un análisis visual de técnicas de manufactura y tecnología de la cerámica del sitio Puerto Hormiga, Colombia: reconsideraciones sobre las observaciones de Reichel-Dolmatoff
Authors: Iizuka Fumie , Carvajal Contreras Diana Rocío
Published: June 2024

La adopción de la cerámica ha sido un indicador importante del Neolítico en la arqueología en el Viejo Mundo. Sin embargo, el momento de su emergencia, la tecnología asociada y el contexto conductual varían. Puerto Hormiga, un conchero en el Caribe colombiano, tiene una de las primeras cerámicas en Suramérica. Reichel-Dolmatoff describió las técnicas de fabricación de piezas irregulares y fragmentos cerámicos en cuya manufactura se utilizaba la técnica de enrollado en espiral. Examinamos visualmente los procesos de producción y las técnicas de fabricación de la cerámica de Puerto Hormiga. Las muestras seleccionadas se produjeron mediante la superposición de pequeñas losas y se combinaron con tiras cortas de enrollado en espiral o con nódulos pequeños. No se encontraron pruebas claras de una única aplicación con largas tiras de enrollado en espiral. Las inclusiones, en su mayoría de fibra vegetal y con inclusiones de minerales y rocas del tamaño de arena y fragmentos de roca, son las mismas que reportó Reichel-Dolmatoff. Se prioriza la facilidad en la producción; las vasijas con desgrasante mineral pueden haberse utilizado para obtener resistencia al impacto y efectividad en la cocción, contrariamente a la cerámica con desgrasante vegetal que aumenta su transportabilidad y se asocia con la manufactura de artefactos por grupos humanos con un grado mayor de movilidad. La adopción de los métodos de losa —y tiras cortas de enrollado en espiral— y sus relaciones con otros pasos técnicos en la producción requieren más explicaciones. Este estudio sirve como un primer paso hacia dicha comprensión y contribuye al debate más amplio de los orígenes de la cerámica y la aplicabilidad del concepto de Neolítico.
Agenesia dentária: etiologia, diagnóstico e reabilitação
Authors:   , Araújo Amanda Caroline Gonçalves , Vieira Bruna dos Reis , Carrero Livian de Barros , Rocha Milena Nascimento , Carvalho Yasmin Schuermann
Published: June 2024

A agenesia dentária é considerada uma das anomalias de alteração de número de elementos dentários mais recorrentes da atualidade. Considerada de etiologia multifatorial, pode estar associada a fatores genéticos e sistêmicos, e seu diagnóstico é comprovado através de exames radiográficos. A prevalência da agenesia dentária é diversificada e pode estar relacionada a grupos dentários, sexo, etnia, arcadas dentárias e dentição decídua ou permanente. O objetivo deste trabalho de conclusão de curso é efetuar uma revisão de literatura acerca do tema agenesia, com a finalidade de inteirar os cirurgiões-dentistas sobre a abrangência de nomenclaturas, a recorrência em que a agenesia dentária tem sido observada, além de abordar fatores etiológicos e elucidar tratamentos reabilitadores, visando, em todos os casos, conceder um prognóstico satisfatório para o paciente. Portanto, considerando a multifatoriedade da agenesia dentária, juntamente com todos os aspectos que circundam a patologia, conclui-se que é de suma importância o conhecimento do cirurgião-dentista acerca de sua etiologia, prevalência e diagnóstico, como também das possibilidades reabilitadoras para cada caso clínico, para, assim, efetuar uma reabilitação estética e funcional adequada aos pacientes.
Cirurgias e reabilitação em pacientes com fissura labiopalatina
Authors:   , Frias Giovanna Eugênia de Oliveira , Gabriel Giovanna Letícia , Vieira Jéssica Palma de Carvalho , Leite João Pedro Lorena Paes , Marigo Júnior Luciano
Published: June 2024

As fissuras labiopalatinas são deformidades congênitas de etiologia multifatorial que resultam na falta de fusão entre os processos faciais embrionários, iniciando-se por volta do primeiro mês de desenvolvimento intrauterino. Devido ao fato de existirem várias alternativas de reabilitação, o maior desafio é descobrir qual o tipo de cirurgia mais indicada para pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas. Portanto, este trabalho tem como objetivo discorrer sobre os principais tipos de reabilitações cirúrgicas, classificar os diferentes graus dessa anomalia congênita e enfatizar a importância do correto encaminhamento em conjunto com uma equipe multidisciplinar. Com esse intuito, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com base em artigos científicos relacionados a reabilitações de pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas. Contudo, as fissuras labiopalatinas são classificadas de acordo com as estruturas acometidas como labiais, palatinas e labiopalatinas, a partir disso, apresentam diferentes graus de severidade, como fissura pré-forame, transforame incisivo, pós forame incisivo e as fissuras raras de palato, podendo ser subdividida em unilaterais, bilaterais e medianas. Diante disso, faz se necessário o conhecimento do cirurgiãodentista sobre as classificações das fissuras labiopalatinas bem como o grau de severidade para um correto plano de tratamento ou encaminhamento. Os tratamentos cirúrgicos mais comuns são: a queiloplastia, palatoplastia, enxerto ósseo alveolar, cirurgia da disfunção velofaríngea, cirurgia ortognática e rinoplastia.
Stimuli-Responsive Interconversion between Poly-NHC-Based Organometallic Assemblies and Their Self-Aggregated Dimers
Authors: Jin Guang-Feng , Han Ying-Feng
Published: June 2024

Poly-NHC-based organometallic assemblies 3-PF6, 3-SbF6 and 3-OTf were
obtained and verified by NMR spectroscopy, ESI mass spec-trometry and
single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Controllable structural
interconversion was observed between the poly-NHC-based organometallic
assemblies and their self-aggregated dimers in solution affected by
concentration, solvent and metal ion. 1H NMR spectra of assembly 3-PF6
in CD3CN at different concentrations demonstrated controllable
structural interconversion, and 19F NMR spectrum of assembly 3-PF6 at
high concentration further evidenced the presence of the free
hexafluorophosphate anion and en-capsulated hexafluorophosphate anion
for its two sets of signals. In addition, single-crystal X-ray
diffraction analysis provided clear evi-dence that in the solid state,
two assemblies 3-PF6 were vertically stuck, forming a self-aggregated
dimer with an encapsulated hex-afluorophosphate anion. Investigating the
reversible structural interconversion is beneficial for revealing the
intrinsic nature on the atom level and paving the way to design the
stimuli-responsive functional system.
Comparison of two methods for DNA extraction from human inoculated feces with S almonella sp . for qPCR amplification.
Authors: Sanchez Diana Carolina Caicedo , Q. Elkin Navarro , C. Christian C. Cadena , Castillo María Angélica Zuluaga , Gabucio Antonio , Muñoz-Miranda Juan P. , Fernández-Cisnal Ricardo , L Jose Villarreal-Camacho
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) has been
applied to detect challenging-to-isolate pathogenic microorganisms from
food or clinical samples. However, inhibitors or inherent elements of
the samples can impact its efficiency. The quantity and quality of
extracted DNA are crucial. Objective: To compare two extraction
methods for obtaining PCR-amplifiable DNA in real-time PCR (qPCR).
Methodology: DNA was extracted using the
Phenol-Chloroform-Isoamyl Alcohol (PC) and Chelex® 100 (Chlx) methods
from stool samples inoculated with Salmonella spp. previously cultured
in selective Selenite Cystine (SC) and Tetrationate (T) broths.
Results: DNA was quantified by spectrophotometry and amplified
by qPCR to detect Salmonella spp. The average DNA purity value using the
PC method from SC culture was 1.61 ± 0.21, while from T culture it was
1.56 ± 0.21. The Chlx method from SC culture resulted in a purity of
1.57 ± 0.24, while from T culture it was 1.79 ± 0.20. However, better
amplification was achieved using the PC extraction method from SC
culture. Conclusions: It was determined that the PC extraction
method from SC culture provides PCR-amplifiable DNA in Real-Time PCR,
and pre-PCR culturing is advantageous as it enhances the bacterial
target and dilutes inhibitors.
Clinical and epidemiological features of enteroviral meningitis in children during the seasonal increase in incidence in 2023
Authors: Martynova G. P. , Zlobin D. V. , Stroganova M. A. , Andreeva A. A. , Мунасипов С. Е. , Laletina S. S.
Published: June 2024

Objective: to identify the clinical and epidemiological features of enteroviral meningitis (EVM) in children during the seasonal rise in incidence in 2023.

Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of 171 medical histories of children aged 1 month to 17 years, hospitalized in the infectious diseases hospital of the RSBHI «KICCH № 1» from June to October 2023, is presented.

Results. The bulk of patients, 77.9 ± 3.2% (133/171), were hospitalized between August and October, which indicates the persistence of the summer-autumn seasonality of incidence. The clinical picture of EVM is characterized by acute development, persistent fever, intoxication, against which headache and repeated vomiting appear, indicating the development of hypertensive-hydrocephalic syndrome. Dissociation of meningeal signs requires liquorological studies to confirm the diagnosis of enteroviral meningitis. Clinical recovery at the time of discharge occurred only in 64.3 ± 3.7% of convalescents; in the remaining children, 35.7 ± ± 3.7% (61/171) residual effects persisted, which required continued observation.
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: new answers to old problems
Authors: Khizhak Ya. R. , Sarkisyan H. A. , Komarova A. A. , Mironova V. A. , Zhuravleva I. V. , Sarkisyan M. A. , Shumilov P. V.
Published: June 2024

Congenital cytomegalovirus infection is one of the most common TORCH infections, characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations, predominantly with multiple organ lesions and often a disabling course. The result of antenatal infection with cytomegalovirus is a high incidence of congenital malformations, often accompanied by disorders such as hearing loss, vision loss, motor and cognitive deficits. Despite the presence of modern domestic clinical recommendations, the study of this pathology remains relevant to the present day. Recently, significant progress has been made in the study of this disease. Every year, new research is conducted on topical issues of diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation for congenital cytomegalovirus infection. This article provides a review of modern literature, covering the latest data on the molecular basis of pathogenesis, features of clinical manifestations, current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of congenital cytomegalovirus infection.
Combined course of severe whooping cough with rhinovirus infection and COVID-19 in an early child
Authors: Popova O. P. , Bunin S. V. , Shvetsova Yu. V. , Trushakov S. V. , Prokhorenko A. A. , Krasnoslobodtsev K. G.
Published: June 2024

Whooping cough does not lose its high importance in infectology. The combination of whooping cough with various viral infections can determine the nature of the disease and the development of complications. Of particular interest in modern conditions are the associations of whooping cough with viral agents, the significance of which has increased due to improved diagnostics in recent years. A clinical case of severe whooping cough in association with COVID-19 and rhinovirus infection in a child aged 1 month is presented. The clinical and laboratory dynamics of the disease and the features of pharmacological therapy are shown.