bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Roughness Contact in Piezoelectric/Piezomagnetic Bimaterial Using Potentials
Authors: Zhou Yue-Ting , Zhong Zheng
Published: June 2015

For convenient characterization of the roughness of the interface between two different piezoelectric/piezomagnetic materials (PPMs), a wavy contact model is developed. Eight potential functions are proposed, which makes the considered mixed boundary values problems mathematically tractable. Important physical objectives, such as the unknown contact region and surface normal stress, are presented explicitly. Results in a special case, full contact, are offered. Figures are plotted to show the effects of the piezoelectric phase volume fraction and the external loading on the interactions between two different PPMs. Numerical test reveals that enhancing the piezoelectric phase volume fraction produces a wider contact region.
Near-nanoscale-resolved energy band structure of LaNiO3/La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures and their interfaces
Authors: Asel Thaddeus J. , Gao Hantian , Heinl Tyler J. , Adkins Drew , Woodward Patrick M. , Hoffman Jason , Bhattacharya Anand , Brillson Leonard J.
Published: June 2015

Depth-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (DRCLS) studies of LNO/LSMO/STO interfaces display an ability to detect optical transitions between orbital-derived energy levels with filled states near the Fermi level of ultrathin complex oxides and to detect changes in the electronic structure at their interfaces on a near-nanometer scale. A differential form of DRCLS (DDRCLS) provides a unique capability to measure electronic features at buried interfaces of ultrathin complex oxide films. DDRCLS measurements demonstrate the abruptness of LNO/LSMO interfaces but atomic layer distortions and altered optical emissions at the LSMO/STO heterojunction. The capability to probe electronic structure at buried complex oxide interfaces with enhanced depth resolution can reveal changes in energy levels within nanometers of interfaces, band alignments across interfaces, and the possible effect of local defects on these energy levels.
Small molecules with big effects: Cyclic di-GMP–mediated stimulation of cellulose production by the amino acid ʟ-arginine
Authors: Römling Ute
Published: June 2015

Arginine may trigger biofilm formation by a human pathogen by stimulating c-di-GMP production.
The HEPT Analogue WPR-6 Is Active against a Broad Spectrum of Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Strains of Different Serotypes
Authors: Xu Weisi , Zhao Jianxiong , Sun Jianping , Yin Qianqian , Wang Yan , Jiao Yang , Liu Junyi , Jiang Shibo , Shao Yiming , Wang Xiaowei , Ma Liying
Published: June 2015

Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are important components of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) used to treat human immunodeficiency type 1 virus (HIV-1). However, because of the emergence of drug resistance and the adverse effects of current anti-HIV drugs, it is essential to develop novel NNRTIs with an excellent safety profile, improved activity against NNRTI-resistant viruses, and enhanced activity against clinical isolates of different subtypes. Here, we have identified 1-[(benzyloxy)methyl]-6-(3,5-dimethylbenzyl)-5-iodopyrimidine-2,4(1
H
,3
H
)-dione (WPR-6), a novel NNRTI with a 50% effective concentration (EC
50
) of 2 to 4 nM against laboratory-adapted HIV-1 strain SF33 and an EC
50
of 7 to 14 nM against nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant HIV-1 strain 7391 with a therapeutic index of >1 × 10
4
. A panel of five representative clinical virus isolates of different subtypes circulating predominantly in China was highly sensitive to WPR-6, with EC
50
s ranging from 1 to 6 nM. In addition, WPR-6 showed excellent antiviral potency against the most prevalent NNRTI-resistant viruses containing the K103N and Y181C mutations. To determine whether WPR-6 selects for novel resistant mutants,
in vitro
resistance selection was conducted with laboratory-adapted HIV-1 strain SF33 on MT-4 cells. The results demonstrated that V106I and Y188L were the two dominant NNRTI-associated resistance mutations detected in the breakthrough viruses. Taken together, these
in vitro
data indicate that WPR-6 has greater efficacy than the reference HEPT analogue TNK651 and the marketed drug nevirapine against HIV-1. However, to develop it as a new NNRTI, further improvement of its pharmacological properties is warranted.
csrR
, a Paralog and Direct Target of CsrA, Promotes Legionella pneumophila Resilience in Water
Authors: Abbott Zachary D. , Yakhnin Helen , Babitzke Paul , Swanson Michele S.
Published: June 2015

Critical to microbial versatility is the capacity to express the cohort of genes that increase fitness in different environments.
Legionella pneumophila
occupies extensive ecological space that includes diverse protists, pond water, engineered water systems, and mammalian lung macrophages. One mechanism that equips this opportunistic pathogen to adapt to fluctuating conditions is a switch between replicative and transmissive cell types that is controlled by the broadly conserved regulatory protein CsrA. A striking feature of the legionellae surveyed is that each of 14 strains encodes 4 to 7
csrA
-like genes, candidate regulators of distinct fitness traits. Here we focus on the one
csrA
paralog (
lpg1593
) that, like the canonical
csrA
, is conserved in all 14 strains surveyed. Phenotypic analysis revealed that long-term survival in tap water is promoted by the
lpg1593
locus, which we name
csrR
(for “
Csr
A-similar protein for
r
esilience”). As predicted by its GGA motif,
csrR
mRNA was bound directly by the canonical CsrA protein, as judged by electromobility shift and RNA-footprinting assays. Furthermore, CsrA repressed translation of
csrR
mRNA
in vivo
, as determined by analysis of
csrR-gfp
reporters,
csrR
mRNA stability in the presence and absence of
csrA
expression, and mutation of the CsrA binding site identified on the
csrR
mRNA. Thus, CsrA not only governs the transition from replication to transmission but also represses translation of its paralog
csrR
when nutrients are available. We propose that, during prolonged starvation, relief of CsrA repression permits CsrR protein to coordinate
L. pneumophila
's switch to a cell type that is resilient in water supplies.

IMPORTANCE
Persistence of
L. pneumophila
in water systems is a public health risk, and yet there is little understanding of the genetic determinants that equip this opportunistic pathogen to adapt to and survive in natural or engineered water systems. A potent regulator of this pathogen's intracellular life cycle is CsrA, a protein widely distributed among bacterial species that is understood quite well. Our finding that every sequenced
L. pneumophila
strain carries several
csrA
paralogs—including two common to all isolates—indicates that the legionellae exploit CsrA regulatory switches for multiple purposes. Our discovery that one paralog, CsrR, is a target of CsrA that enhances survival in water is an important step toward understanding colonization of the engineered environment by pathogenic
L. pneumophila
.
Bronchial-oesophageal fistula: a rare initial presentation of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Duma Narjust , Barlow Christian , Sanchez Larysa , Sadikot Sean
Published: June 2015

A 61-year-old Caucasian man with hypertension and hepatitis C presented to the emergency department with 7 days of productive cough and low-grade fevers despite outpatient therapy with oral azithromycin. On initial evaluation, he was lethargic with peripheral cyanosis and oxygen saturation in the low 70 s on room air, necessitating endotracheal intubation. Chest imaging revealed diffuse bilateral infiltrates compatible with the diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Patient subsequently developed profound hypoxaemia and on day 2 of admission, veno-veno extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was initiated. Bronchoscopy revealed a necrotic ulcer on the posterior wall of the left mainstem bronchus, compatible with a bronchial-oesophageal fistula, which was later confirmed by endoscopy, and stented. Histology revealed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Despite stenting of the fistula and ECMO support, the patient expired 5 days after admission.
Beginning of Universe through large field hybrid inflation
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuo , Seto Osamu
Published: June 2015

Recent detection of B-mode polarization induced from tensor perturbations by the BICEP2 experiment implies the so-called large field inflation, where an inflaton field takes super-Planckian expectation value during inflation, at a high energy scale. We show however, if another inflation follows hybrid inflation, the hybrid inflation can generate a large tensor perturbation with not super-Planckian but Planckian field value. This scenario would relax the tension between BICEP2 and Planck concerning the tensor-to-scalar ratio, because a negative large running can also be obtained for a certain number of e-fold of the hybrid inflation. A natural interpretation of a large gravitational wave mode with or without the scalar spectral running might be multiple inflation in the early Universe.
Expanding and nonexpanding conformal wormholes, in scalar–tensor theory
Authors: Dogru Melis Ulu , Yilmaz İhsan
Published: June 2015

We study spherically symmetric spacetime with anisotropic fluid in the scalar–tensor theory of gravity based on Lyra geometry. We suggest two different solutions of field equations for the theory by using Casimir effect. Obtained static and nonstatic solutions are similar to nonexpanding Lorentzian wormhole and expanding FRW-type wormhole, respectively. Furthermore, we study singularities of obtained solutions. We emphasize whether the expanding and nonexpanding wormholes conform with Big Rip or Big Crunch scenarios. Also, physical and geometrical properties of the solutions have been discussed.
Immunomodulatory Role of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Equine Endometriosis
Authors: Falomo Maria Elena , Ferroni Letizia , Tocco Ilaria , Gardin Chiara , Zavan Barbara
Published: June 2015

Endometriosis is a degenerative process due to a chronic inflammatory damage leading to extracellular matrix components deposition and glandular fibrosis. It is known that mesenchymal stem cells secrete a wide range of bioactive molecules, some of them modulating the immune inflammatory response, and others providing regeneration and remodeling of injured tissue. We have performedin vitroexperiments in order to analyze the capability of allogenic equine adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to infiltrate mares’ endometrial tissues and to stimulate the expression of cytokines and metallopeptidases. Differences in the biologic response to the exposure to ADSCs between pathological and healthy endometrial tissue have been identified. These results could challenge researchers to progress forward with future studies for the development of a biological therapy with a possible application in translational medicine.
Clinical Features Associated with Frozen Shoulder Syndrome in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chang Ya-Ting , Chang Wen-Neng , Tsai Nai-Wen , Cheng Kuei-Yueh , Huang Chih-Cheng , Kung Chia-Te , Su Yu-Jih , Lin Wei-Che , Cheng Ben-Chung , Su Chih-Min , Chiang Yi-Fang , Lu Cheng-Hsien
Published: June 2015

Background. Frozen shoulder syndrome is a common musculoskeletal disease of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) that causes long-term pain and physical disability. A better understanding of the associated factors can help identify PD patients who will require prevention to improve their quality of life.Methodology. This prospective study evaluated 60 shoulders of 30 PD patients. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between clinical factors and shoulder sonography findings.Results. Frozen shoulder syndrome was found in 14 of 30 PD patients affecting 19 shoulders, including bilateral involvement in five and unilateral involvement in nine. There was a significant positive correlation between the parameters of sonography findings and frozen shoulder syndrome (i.e., thickness of bicipital effusion and tendon thickness of the subscapularis and supraspinatus) and mean ipsilateral Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III and its subscores (tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia scores).Conclusions. Higher ipsilateral UPDRS and subscores are associated with increased effusion around the biceps tendon, with increased tendon thickness of subscapularis and supraspinatus. Preventing frozen shoulder syndrome in the high-risk PD group is an important safety issue and highly relevant for their quality of life.
A Fault Diagnosis Approach for Gas Turbine Exhaust Gas Temperature Based on Fuzzy C-Means Clustering and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Wang Zhi-tao , Zhao Ning-bo , Wang Wei-ying , Tang Rui , Li Shu-ying
Published: June 2015

As an important gas path performance parameter of gas turbine, exhaust gas temperature (EGT) can represent the thermal health condition of gas turbine. In order to monitor and diagnose the EGT effectively, a fusion approach based on fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering algorithm and support vector machine (SVM) classification model is proposed in this paper. Considering the distribution characteristics of gas turbine EGT, FCM clustering algorithm is used to realize clustering analysis and obtain the state pattern, on the basis of which the preclassification of EGT is completed. Then, SVM multiclassification model is designed to carry out the state pattern recognition and fault diagnosis. As an example, the historical monitoring data of EGT from an industrial gas turbine is analyzed and used to verify the performance of the fusion fault diagnosis approach presented in this paper. The results show that this approach can make full use of the unsupervised feature extraction ability of FCM clustering algorithm and the sample classification generalization properties of SVM multiclassification model, which offers an effective way to realize the online condition recognition and fault diagnosis of gas turbine EGT.
A Kinetic Model of Whole-Body Glucose Metabolism with Reference to the Domestic Dog (Canis lupus familiaris)
Authors: McKnight Leslie L. , Shoveller Anna K. , Lopez Secundino , France James
Published: June 2015

A new two-pool model to describe glucose kinetics in the steady state is presented. The pools are plasma glucose,Q1, and tissue glucose,Q2(bothµmol). The flows (allµmol/min) into the plasma pool (Pool 1) are absorbed glucose entry from dietary sources, labelled glucose infusion, and hepatic glucose production. There is one flow out of Pool 1, glucose uptake by the tissues. Inflows to the tissues pool (Pool 2) are from plasma and glycogenolysis. Outflows from Pool 2 are to plasma, glucose oxidation, and glycogenesis and other metabolism. Application of the model was illustrated using experimental data derived from healthy adult Labrador Retrievers in the fasted and fed (repeated meal feeding) states. In general, model derived estimates of glucose kinetics were representative of normal glucose metabolism, where rates of glucose production and uptake are similar and act to maintain blood glucose concentrations. Furthermore, estimates of within tissue glucose cycling indicated glycogenolysis in fasting and glycogenesis when fed. In the fasted state, model outputs were consistent with those reported in the canine literature derived using a single pool model.
Ipsilateral Acetabular and Femoral Neck and Shaft Fractures
Authors: Irifune Hideto , Hirayama Suguru , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Narimatsu Eichi
Published: June 2015

Floating hip injuries and ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures are rare. Additionally, the simultaneous occurrence of these injuries is extremely rare, and only one case report of the simultaneous occurrence of these injuries has been published. Here, we report the case of a patient with ipsilateral acetabular and femoral neck and shaft fractures following a suicide attempt. The patient experienced nonunion of the femoral neck and shaft after the initial operation and therefore underwent reconstruction using a femoral head prosthesis with a long stem and interlocking screws. Our procedure may be used in primary and/or secondary reconstruction for ipsilateral acetabular and femoral neck and shaft fractures.
A Comparative Study of Genetic and Firefly Algorithms for Sensor Placement in Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Zhou Guang-Dong , Yi Ting-Hua , Zhang Huan , Li Hong-Nan
Published: June 2015

Optimal sensor placement (OSP) is an important task during the implementation of sophisticated structural health monitoring (SHM) systems for large-scale structures. In this paper, a comparative study between the genetic algorithm (GA) and the firefly algorithm (FA) in solving the OSP problem is conducted. To overcome the drawback related to the inapplicability of the FA in optimization problems with discrete variables, some improvements are proposed, including the one-dimensional binary coding system, the Hamming distance between any two fireflies, and the semioriented movement scheme; also, a simple discrete firefly algorithm (SDFA) is developed. The capabilities of the SDFA and the GA in finding the optimal sensor locations are evaluated using two disparate objective functions in a numerical example with a long-span benchmark cable-stayed bridge. The results show that the developed SDFA can find the optimal sensor configuration with high reliability. The comparative study indicates that the SDFA outperforms the GA in terms of algorithm complexity, computational efficiency, and result quality. The optimization mechanism of the FA has the potential to be extended to a wide range of optimization problems.
Validity of Four Commercial Bioelectrical Impedance Scales in Measuring Body Fat among Chinese Children and Adolescents
Authors: Wang Lin , Hui Stanley Sai-chuen
Published: June 2015

The aim of the study is to examine the validity in predicting body fat percentage (%BF) of different bioelectrical impedance (BIA) devices among Chinese children and adolescents. A total of 255 Chinese children and adolescents aged 9–19 years old participated in the study. %BF was assessed by BIA scales, namely, Biodynamics-310 (Model A), Tanita TBF-543 (Model B), Tanita BC-545 (Model C), and InBody 520 (Model D). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used as the criterion measurement. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficients of estimated %BF between Model A, Model B, Model C, and DXA showed poor agreements for both genders. Moderate agreements for %BF were found between DXA and Model D measurements. In boys, differences in %BF were found between DXA and Model B and Model C. No significant %BF differences were found between Model A, Model D, and DXA. However, the two BIA analyzers showed a significant positive correlation between the bias and average %BF between BIA and DXA. In girls, differences in %BF were observed between Model B, Model C, Model D, and DXA. Model A and DXA showed no significant differences of %BF; however, the bias and the average %BF between the BIA and DXA had a significant positive correlation. Using embedded equations in BIA devices should be validated in assessing the %BF of Chinese children and adolescents.
Admission Glucose Levels and the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury in Nondiabetic ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Shacham Yacov , Gal-Oz Amir , Leshem-Rubinow Eran , Arbel Yaron , Keren Gad , Roth Arie , Steinvil Arie
Published: June 2015

Background: Hyperglycemia upon admission is associated with an increased risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the relation of this association to the absence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is less studied. We evaluated the effect of acute hyperglycemia levels on the risk of AKI among STEMI patients without DM who were all treated with primary PCI. Methods: We retrospectively studied 1,065 nondiabetic STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI. Patients were stratified according to admission glucose levels into normal (<140 mg/dl), mild (140-200 mg/dl), and severe (>200 mg/dl) hyperglycemia groups. Medical records were reviewed for the occurrence of AKI. Results: The mean age was 61 ± 13 years and 81% were males. Hyperglycemia upon hospital admission was present in 402 of 1,065 patients (38%). Patients with severe admission hyperglycemia had a significantly higher rate of AKI compared to patients with no or mild hyperglycemia (20 vs. 7 and 8%, respectively; p = 0.001) and had a significantly greater serum creatinine change throughout hospitalization (0.17 vs. 0.09 and 0.07 mg/dl, respectively; p = 0.04). In multivariate logistic regression, severe hyperglycemia emerged as an independent predictor of AKI (OR = 2.46, 95% CI 1.16-5.28; p = 0.018). Conclusion: Severe admission hyperglycemia is an independent risk factor for the development of AKI among nondiabetic STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI.
Попередні результати хірургічного лікування синдрому грудного виходу з використанням системи для прямої довготривалої електростимуляції
Authors: Цимбалюк Ю. В.
Published: June 2015

У роботі представлено результати хірургічного лікування 17 хворих із синдромом грудного виходу. 10 хворих було прооперовано за традиційною методикою з використанням нетривалої електростимуляції, а семеро хворих - із використанням системи для прямої довготривалої електростимуляції “Нейсі ЗМ”. Це індивідуальна система вітчизняного виробництва, що дозволяє проводити сеанси електростимуляції в домашніх умовах декілька разів на добу протягом тривалого часу. В першій групі (з використанням нетривалої електростимуляції) протягом перших трьох місяців спостерігали рецидив больового синдрому у трьох хворих - 30 %, а відновлення рухових та чутливих розладів розподілялось таким чином: добре (до рівня М4-М5 та 84-85) - у двох хворих (20 %), задовільне (до М2-МЗ та 82-З) - у семи хворих (70 %), без змін - в одної хворої. У групі з використанням довготривалої електростимуляції рецидив больового синдрому спостерігали в однієї пацієнтки, а функціональні результати відновлення рухової функції кінцівки були такі: добре відновлення у трьох хворих (4З %), задовільне відновлення у чотирьох (57 %). Таким чином, при неефективності консервативного лікування та наявності показань для оперативного втручання у хворих із синдромом грудного виходу використання довготривалої електростимуляції дає більше шансів для відновлення втрачених функцій кінцівки та регресу больового синдрому.
"ДИТЯЧА" І "ДОРОСЛА" БРОНХІАЛЬНА АСТМА: ЧИ ІСНУЄ ЗВ'ЯЗОК?
Authors: Мушак І. З. , Беш Л. В.
Published: June 2015

В статті представлено огляд даних сучасних літературних джерел, а також власні спостереження авторів щодо взаємозв'язку бронхіальної астми у дітей та дорослих, наслідки у дітей, можливості і частоту трансформації в бронхіальну астму дорослих.
КОРЕКЦІЯ ГОРМОНАЛЬНИХ ПОРУШЕНЬ У ХВОРИХ З НЕПЛІДНІСТЮ ПІСЛЯ ЕНДОХІРУРГІЧНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ
Authors: Іванюта Л. І. , Ракша І. І. , Дубенко О. Д. , Андреєва В. М.
Published: June 2015

У статті показаний вплив лапороскопічного методу лікування на гормональний статус жінок з безплідністю. Ми можемо зробити висновок про те, що в будь-якому випадку після перенесеної лапороскопії відбувася нормалізація менструального циклу. В інших жінок, у яких базальна температура не нормалізувалася після хірургічного втручання, стимуляція овуляції відбувалася з великим ефектом, тому що яєчники ставали більш чутливими, ніж у минулому.
МОРФОГЕНЕЗ НИРКОВИХ ТІЛЕЦЬ У ЩУРІВ З РІЗНОЮ ПОТУЖНІСТЮ ЕНДОТЕЛІАЛЬНО NO-СИНТАЗИ ЗА УМОВ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ЦУКРОВОГО ДІАБЕТУ
Authors: Баринов Е. Ф. , Гузенко В. М. , Григорян Х. В.
Published: June 2015

У роботі проведено аналіз структурно-функціонального стану ниркових тілець у щурів з нормальною та зниженою активністю NO-синтази у динаміцы розвитку діабетичної невропатії. Продемонстровано. що низький рівень продукції NO є фактором ризику раннього (14 доба) розвитку гломерулопатії, що супроводжується ураженням фільтраційного барєру з розвитком протеїнурії на фоні зміни клітинного стану судинного клубочка: втрати пудоцитів та активації проліферації їх секреторної активності мезенгіальних клітин
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗПОДІЛУ ГЛІКОКОН’ЮГАТІВ В ТКАНИНАХ КОЛІННОГО СУГЛОБА ЩУРІВ
Authors: Волошен М. А. , Грегор'єва О. А.
Published: June 2015

У роботі надано інформація про розподіл рецепторів до лектинів сочевиці, зародків пшениці, бузини чорної, що в тканинах колінного суглоба щурів в ранньому післянатальному періоді онтогенезу. Встановлено, що рецептори до лектинів сочевиці, зародків пшениці, бузини чорної, що розташовані в суглобовій капсулі, на мембрані лімфоцитів, стінки кровоносних судин та ін.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРНО РЕОРГАНІЗАЦІ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ НЕФРОНА ПРИ ПОЄДНАНІЙ ТРАВМІ ГРУДНО КЛІТКИ І СТЕГНА
Authors: Гданський С. М.
Published: June 2015

РЕЗЮМЕ. В експерименті на білих щурах після нанесення м поєднано травми грудно клітки і стегна із застосуванням
електронно мікроскопі було встановлено дистрофічні зміни в подоцитах клубочків і епітеліоцитах канальців, які
розвиваються на тлі дисфункціонально перебудови елементів гемомікроциркуляторного русла вже в ранні терміни
(на 1-шу добу) після нанесення травми. Дистрофічні зміни в клітинах паренхіми нирок зберігаються і навіть дещо
прогресують до 14- доби спостереження, що відбувається на тлі порушено гемомікроциркуляці. І лише з 14-
доби починають проявлятися регенераторні процеси, які, однак, повністю не завершуються навіть у 28-денний
термін. Отримані результати можна вважати морфологічним обґрунтуванням проявів нирково недостатності при
поєднаній травмі грудно клітки і стегна, а також збереженням залишкових явищ у віддалений період, що
спостерігаються у клінічній практиці.
КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА: ультраструктура, нефрон, ендотеліоцит, подоцит.
РОЛЬ СІМЕЙНОГО ЛІКАРЯ В ПРОФІЛАКТИЦІ, РАННІЙ ДІАГНОСТИЦІ, ДИСПАНСЕРИЗАЦІ ТА РЕАБІЛІТАЦІ ХВОРИХ НА АЛКОГОЛІЗМ
Authors: Карпінець І. М.
Published: June 2015

РЕЗЮМЕ. З метою визначення можливостей і ролі лікаря загально практики-сімейно медицини у профілактиці,
ранній діагностиці, диспансеризаці та реабілітаці хворих на алкоголізм проаналізовано світові і вітчизняні науково-
інформаційні джерела та нормативно-правові акти (324 од.), а також результати медико-соціологічного дослідження
552 осіб, які знаходились на обліку у лікарів-наркологів закладів охорони здоров’я Івано-Франківсько області як
залежні чи такі, що зловживають алкоголем, та 150 осіб групи порівняння. Обґрунтовано функціонально-структурну
модель системи профілактики алкоголізму із комплексом удосконалених заходів, орієнтованих на х виконання
сімейними лікарями. Впровадження окремих елементів моделі у закладах охорони здоров’я Івано-Франківсько
області засвідчило ефективність.
КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА: алкогольна залежність, профілактика, лікар загально практики-сімейно медицини.
ВІРУС ПАПІЛОМИ ЛЮДИНИ І КАНЦЕРОГЕНЕЗ ШИЙКИ МАТКИ
Authors: Кіндратів Е. О.
Published: June 2015

РЕЗЮМЕ. У статті представлено значення вірусу папіломи людини (ВПЛ) в канцерогенезі шийки матки. В результаті
огляду літератури вітчизняних та закордонних авторів представлені дані про частоту, фактори ризику інфікування
ВПЛ, будову ВПЛ, можливі клініко-морфологічні прояви папіломавірусно інфекці та механізми канцерогенезу
шийки матки. На основі аналізу зроблено висновок, що з появою концепці цервікального канцерогенезу,
зумовленого ВПЛ, змінюється стратегія морфологічно діагностики захворювань шийки матки, зокрема цервікально
інтраепітеліально неоплазі (ЦІН) з використанням імуногістохімічних методів. Це дозволить спрогнозувати перебіг
ЦІН, виділити групи ризику щодо можливо онкотрансформаці, що є суттєвою ланкою в профілактиці раку шийки
матки, а також в збереженні та/або відновленні репродуктивно функці жінки.
КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА: вірус папіломи людини, канцерогенез, шийка матки.
Selective Proximal Renal Denervation Guided by Autonomic Responses Evoked via High-Frequency Stimulation in a Preclinical Canine Model
Authors: Lu Jiayi , Wang Zhenglong , Zhou Tingquan , Chen Shaojie , Chen Weijie , Du Huaan , Tan Zhen , Yang Hanxuan , Hu Xinyu , Liu Chang , Ling Zhiyu , Liu Zengzhang , Zrenner Bernhard , Woo Kamsang , Yin Yuehui
Published: June 2015

Background—

Electric stimulation has been proved to be available to monitor the efficacy of renal denervation (RDN). This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of high-frequency stimulation (HFS)–guided proximal RDN.

Methods and Results—

A total of 13 Chinese Kunming dogs were included and allocated to proximal RDN group (n=8) and control group (n=5). HFS (20 Hz, 8 V, pulse width 2 ms) was performed from proximal to distal renal artery in all dogs. Radiofrequency ablations were delivered in proximal RDN group and only at the proximal positive sites where systolic blood pressure (BP) increased ≥10 mm Hg during HFS. Postablation HFS was performed over the previously stimulated sites. BP, heart rate, and plasma norepinephrine were analyzed. In 8 denervated dogs, preablation HFS caused significant BP increases of 6.0±5.0/3.4±5.5, 16.9±11.7/11.1±8.5, and 17.1±8.4/8.5±5.3 mm Hg during the first, second, and third 20 s of HFS at the proximal positive sites. After ablation, these sites showed a negative response to postablation HFS with increases of BP by 1.3±3.0/1.0±2.5, 0.8±3.9/1.5±3.4, and 1.5±4.5/0.7±3.8 mm Hg. Of note, no radiofrequency applications were delivered at the positive sites of middle renal artery, repeated HFS increased BP only by 3.3±5.3/2.8±4.2, 5.3±6.6/3.8±4.7, and 2.9±4.6/1.3±3.2 mm Hg, failed to reproduce the previous BP increases of 6.2±5.6/5.3±4.4, 15.0±9.3/10.2±6.2, and 14.9±7.7/8.4±4.7 mm Hg. At 3 months, BP and plasma norepinephrine substantially decreased in proximal RDN group. Whereas controls showed minimal BP decreases and had similar plasma norepinephrine concentrations as baseline.

Conclusions—

Renal afferent nerves can be mapped safely, and HFS-guided targeted proximal RDN can achieve apparent BP reduction and sympathetic inhibition.
Restarting Anticoagulant Treatment After Intracranial Hemorrhage in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and the Impact on Recurrent Stroke, Mortality, and Bleeding
Authors: Nielsen Peter Brønnum , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard , Skjøth Flemming , Gorst-Rasmussen Anders , Rasmussen Lars Hvilsted , Lip Gregory Y.H.
Published: June 2015

Background—

Intracranial hemorrhage is the most feared complication of oral anticoagulant treatment. The optimal treatment option for patients with atrial fibrillation who survive an intracranial hemorrhage remains unknown. We hypothesized that restarting oral anticoagulant treatment was associated with a lower risk of stroke and mortality in comparison with not restarting.

Methods and Results—

Linkage of 3 Danish nationwide registries in the period between 1997 and 2013 identified patients with atrial fibrillation on oral anticoagulant treatment with incident intracranial hemorrhage. Patients were stratified by treatment regimens (no treatment, oral anticoagulant treatment, or antiplatelet therapy) after the intracranial hemorrhage. Event rates were assessed 6 weeks after hospital discharge and compared with Cox proportional hazard models. In 1752 patients (1 year of follow-up), the rate of ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and all-cause mortality (per 100 person-years) for patients treated with oral anticoagulants was 13.6, in comparison with 27.3 for nontreated patients and 25.7 for patients receiving antiplatelet therapy. The rate of ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and all-cause mortality (per 100 person-years) for recurrent intracranial hemorrhage, the rate of ischemic stroke/systemic embolism, and all-cause mortality (per 100 person-years) patients treated with oral anticoagulants was 8.0, in comparison with 8.6 for nontreated patients and 5.3 for patients receiving antiplatelet therapy. The adjusted hazard ratio of ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and all-cause mortality was 0.55 (95% confidence interval, 0.39–0.78) in patients on oral anticoagulant treatment in comparison with no treatment. For ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and for all-cause mortality, hazard ratios were 0.59 (95% confidence interval, 0.33–1.03) and 0.55 (95% confidence interval, 0.37–0.82), respectively.

Conclusions—

Oral anticoagulant treatment was associated with a significant reduction in ischemic stroke/all-cause mortality rates, supporting oral anticoagulant treatment reintroduction after intracranial hemorrhage as feasible. Future trials are encouraged to guide clinical practice in these patients.
A Neural Decomposition of Visual Search Using Voxel-based Morphometry
Authors: Humphreys Glyn W. , Chechlacz Magdalena
Published: June 2015

The ability to search efficiently for visual targets among distractors can break down after a variety of brain lesions, but the specific processes affected by the lesions are unclear. We examined search over space (conjunction search) and over time plus space (preview search) in a consecutive series of patients with acquired brain lesions. We also assessed performance on standard neuropsychological measures of visuospatial short-term memory (Corsi Block), sustained attention and memory updating (the contrast between forward and backward digit span), and visual neglect. Voxel-based morphometry analyses revealed regions in the occipital (middle occipital gyrus), posterior parietal (angular gyrus), and temporal cortices (superior and middle temporal gyri extending to the insula), along with underlying white matter pathways, associated with poor search. Going beyond standard voxel-based morphometry analyses, we then report correlation measures of structural damage in these regions and the independent neuropsychological measures of other cognitive functions. We find distinct patterns of correlation in areas linked to poor search, suggesting that the areas play functionally different roles in search. We conclude that neuropsychological disorders of search can be linked to necessary and distinct cognitive functions, according to the site of lesion.
A phytohaemagglutinin challenge test to assess immune responsiveness of European tree frog Hyla arborea
Authors: Josserand Rémy , Troïanowski Mathieu , Grolet Odile , Desprat Julia L. , Lengagne Thierry , Mondy Nathalie
Published: June 2015

Immune responsiveness, one measure of individual quality, can be used as a sensitive, non-lethal variable that may be negatively affected in animals exposed to degraded, contaminated or otherwise disturbed areas. One frequently used technique to measure immune responsiveness is the phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) challenge test. Swelling occurring at the injection sites are measured before and 24 h after PHA injection. The immune response is considered to be the difference between the two measures. Although this method is easily performed with wild animals, it has been rarely used on small amphibians. Here, we test the possibility of using a PHA test with the European tree frog, Hyla arborea, and we identify the optimal procedure for measuring immune responsiveness in this species. The results allowed us to simplify the procedure in eliminating phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection and reducing the duration of the experiment. Injection of PHA into the leg of H. arborea triggered an immune response with a peak of swelling 14 h after injection. A second injection of PHA into the same animal induced more intense leg swelling. In addition, haematological responses showed that the total number of leucocytes increased after PHA injection. A link between the leg swelling and the total leucocytes count recorded in blood has been found. Consequently, this method may provide a useful tool for predicting the pro-inflammatory capacity of field populations of small amphibians.
Phylogenetic position of Lycodon gongshan Vogel and Luo, 2011, a snake endemic to China (Reptilia: Colubridae)
Authors: Guo Peng , Zhong Guanghui , Liu Qin , Zhu Fei , Li Cao , Wang Ping , Xiao Rong , Fang Ming , Fu Xin
Published: June 2015

Lycodon gongshanVogel and Luo, 2011 is a newly described snake species that is endemic to southwestern China. Based on two mtDNA gene fragments and two nuclear genes, a molecular phylogeny for the genusLycodonwas reconstructed and the systematic position ofL. gongshanwas evaluated. The results revealed thatL. gongshanformed a strongly supported monophyletic clade withL. fasciatus, and (L. cavernicolus +L. butleri), although the relationships among them were unresolved. The close genetic relationship betweenL. gongshanandL. fasciatusis consistent with hypotheses based on morphological data. Additionally two specimens from Guangdong, previously identified asL. fasciatus, showed a sister relationship withL. liuchengchaoiwith low genetic difference, indicating that the two specimens were misidentified, and illustrating thatL. liuchengchaoimay have much broader distribution than previous thought.
‘I Feel the Presence of God in My Tears’
Authors: Bom Klaas
Published: June 2015

This paper presents the results of a field research among Roman Catholic Charismatics and (Protestant) Pentecostals on their faith experiences, carried through in the region of Ecuador’s capital, Quito. The outcomes of this research sustain the thesis that there is substantial theological convergence between Roman Catholic Charismatic and Classical Pentecostal faith experiences that justifies the assumption of a shared theological identity. The joint theological characteristics and their interconnection facilitate a critical and fruitful dialogue between theology and social sciences on Latin American Pentecostalism.
A Novel Endoscopic Technique for Failed Nasogastric Tube Placement
Authors: Boston Andrew G.
Published: June 2015

Direct visualization of the nasopharynx gives the otolaryngologist a unique advantage for addressing difficult nasopharyngeal anatomy. One common situation is being consulted to assist when the blind placement of a nasogastric tube has failed. A novel technique for managing a patient with a nasogastric tube embedded in the adenoid remnant is described with illustrations. The atraumatic method is easily employed by a resident armed with a portable nasolaryngoscope and plain suture. By using a repeated pull‐through technique, the nasogastric tube can be guided past difficult nasopharyngeal anatomy and into a position from where it can be advanced into the patient’s esophagus.
Effects of preoperative proton pump inhibitor administration on bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nishizawa Toshihiro , Suzuki Hidekazu , Akimoto Teppei , Maehata Tadateru , Morizane Toshio , Kanai Takanori , Yahagi Naohisa
Published: June 2015

Background and aim

The efficacy of using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) prior to gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) to reduce gastric bleeding remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically review the literature to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative PPI use to reduce post‐ESD bleeding.

Methods

PubMed, the Cochrane library, and the Igaku‐Chuo‐Zasshi database were searched to identify randomized trials eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. Data from four studies (406 patients) were combined to calculate a pooled risk difference (RD) for developing post‐ESD bleeding.

Results

Compared with patients who received no premedication, the pooled RD for post‐ESD bleeding in patients who received preoperavive PPI was –0.027 (95% confidence interval: –0.070–0.017, p =  0.228), without significant heterogeneity. Preoperavive PPI use significantly increased gastric pH (weighted mean difference: 1.289, 95% CI: 0.227–2.352, p  = 0.0174).

Conclusions

This systematic review and meta‐analysis showed that premedication with PPI had no advantage for the prevention of post‐ESD bleeding, despite increasing gastric pH.
Neutrophil CD64 expression as a diagnostic marker for sepsis in adult patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiao , Li Zhong-Yun , Zeng Ling , Zhang An-Qiang , Pan Wei , Gu Wei , Jiang Jian-Xin
Published: June 2015

Introduction

Neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) expression appears to be a promising marker of bacterial infections. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the accuracy of nCD64 expression for the diagnosis of sepsis in critically ill adult patients.

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Library for literature published between database inception and 19 May 2014, as well as reference lists of identified primary studies. Studies were included if they included assessment of the accuracy of nCD64 expression for sepsis diagnosis in adult patients and provided sufficient information to construct a 2×2 contingency table.

Results

A total of 8 studies comprising 1986 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the final analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.76 (95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.73–0.78) and 0.85 (95 % CI, 0.82–0.87), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio were 8.15 (95 % CI, 3.82–17.36), 0.16 (95 % CI, 0.09–0.30), and 60.41 (95 % CI, 15.87–229.90), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve of nCD64 expression with Q* value were 0.95 (Q* =0.89).

Conclusions

On the basis of our meta-analysis, nCD64 expression is a helpful marker for early diagnosis of sepsis in critically ill patients. The results of the test should not be used alone to diagnose sepsis, but instead should be interpreted in combination with medical history, physical examination, and other test results.
A randomized controlled trial on the effects of goal-directed therapy on the inflammatory response open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Authors: Funk Duane J. , HayGlass Kent T. , Koulack Joshua , Harding Greg , Boyd April , Brinkman Ryan
Published: June 2015

Introduction

Goal-directed therapy (GDT) has been shown in numerous studies to decrease perioperative morbidity and mortality. The mechanism of benefit of GDT, however, has not been clearly elucidated. Targeted resuscitation of the vascular endothelium with GDT might alter the postoperative inflammatory response and be responsible for the decreased complications with this therapy.

Methods

This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01681251. Forty patients undergoing elective open repair of their abdominal aortic aneurysm, 18 years of age and older, were randomized to an interventional arm with GDT targeting stroke volume variation with an arterial pulse contour cardiac output monitor, or control, where fluid therapy was administered at the discretion of the attending anesthesiologist. We measured levels of several inflammatory cytokines (C-reactive protein, Pentraxin 3, suppressor of tumorgenicity--2, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-III) preoperatively and at several postoperative time points to determine if there was a difference in inflammatory response. We also assessed each group for a composite of postoperative complications.

Results

Twenty patients were randomized to GDT and twenty were randomized to control. Length of stay was not different between groups. Intervention patients received less crystalloid and more colloid. At the end of the study, intervention patients had a higher cardiac index (3.4 ± 0.5 vs. 2.5 ± 0.7 l/minute per m2, p < 0.01) and stroke volume index (50.1 ± 7.4 vs. 38.1 ± 9.8 ml/m2, p < 0.01) than controls. There were significantly fewer complications in the intervention than control group (28 vs. 12, p = 0.02). The length of hospital and ICU stay did not differ between groups. There was no difference in the levels of inflammatory cytokines between groups.

Conclusions

Despite being associated with fewer complications and improved hemodynamics, there was no difference in the inflammatory response of patients treated with GDT. This suggests that the clinical benefit of GDT occurs in spite of a similar inflammatory burden. Further work needs to be performed to delineate the mechanism of benefit of GDT.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01681251. Registered 18 May 2011.
Distribution of orders in number fields
Authors: Kaplan Nathan , Marcinek Jake , Takloo-Bighash Ramin
Published: June 2015

In this paper, we study the distribution of orders of bounded discriminants in number fields. We use the zeta functions introduced by Grunewald, Segal, and Smith. In order to carry out our study, we use p-adic and motivic integration techniques to analyze the zeta function. We give an asymptotic formula for the number of orders contained in the ring of integers of a quintic number field. We also obtain non-trivial bounds for higher degree number fields.

AMS Subject Classification:Primary 11M41; 11R29; secondary 11S40
Bifurcations of stationary manifolds formed in the neighborhood of equilibrium in the dynamic cutting system
Authors: Zakovorotny Vilor Lavrentyevich , Gubanova Alexandra Anatolyevna , Khristoforova Veronika Vladimirovna
Published: June 2015

The work objective is to study the formation of orbitally asymptotically stable limit cycles and two-dimensional invariant tori including bifurcations near the attracting sets. The investigators use primarily methods based on the mathematic simulation of the dynamic systems. Some problems of the nonlinear dynamics of the material cutting are considered. A mathematical model of the dynamic system considering the dynamic link formed by the cutting process is offered. Here, the following key features of the dynamic coupling are taken into account: dependence of the cutting forces on the area of a cut-off layer, delay of forces towards the elastic deformation shifts of the tool in relation to the workpiece, restrictions imposed on the tool movements when the back of the instrument is approaching the treated part of the workpiece, forces - cutting velocity relation. The dynamic subsystem of the tool is presented by a linear dynamic system in the plane orthogonal to a cutting surface. Following the research, some guidelines for designing systems with the required stationary manifold in the state space are provided. Importantly, in the neighborhood of equilibrium, various criteria of set causing regular or irregular features of the formed in-cut surface can develop depending on the models interacting under processing.
Bioinformational techniques in analysis of phase portrates of weather and climate factors in m-dimentsional space of parameters
Authors: Молягов  , Molyagov D. , Бикмухаметова  , Bikmukhametova L. , Русак  , Rusak S. , Филатова  , Filatova O.
Published: June 2015

In the paper we examine and discuss the results of original research of dynamics of climatic and ecological factors by the example of northern urbanized KMAO – Yugra (Surgut and Surgut district) from the perspective of theory of chaos and self-organization. The peculiarities and laws of the dynamic behavior of a time trend of climate and ecologic factors as indicators of dynamic system are discovered, the most informative components of the abiotic factors in the long-term dynamics are identified.
Fractal-cluster theory of thermodynamic principles of analysis of resources distribution in hierarchical self-organizing systems
Authors: Волов  , Volov V.
Published: June 2015

The tenets of the fractal-cluster theory including fractal-cluster ratios, the dynamic equations of the evolution of fractal-cluster system and criteria of the complex systems control are presented. On the basis of the synthesis of main tenets of thermodynamics structure by I. Prigogine, we conducted the analysis of control by economic systems and development of living organisms