bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trace Elements Reference Values for Soils from Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Marin Suppi Ilana , De Souza Leticia Cristina , Hugen Camila , Miquelluti David Jose , Campos Mari Lucia
Published: March 2023

The presence of trace elements in the soils, above its natural concentrations, can indicate anthropogenic contamination. Therefore, knowing the natural level of trace elements contents in soils is extremely important in monitoring and remediating contaminated areas. The Brazilian National Environment Council (CONAMA) determines that the states and the Federal District establish the Quality Reference Values (QRV), based on the natural levels of inorganic substances content in soils. Thus, this study aimed to determine the QRV of barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co) for soils from Santa Catarina. For such, the natural content levels of Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ba, Cd, Ni, Co and Mn were obtained for 43 representative profiles from the state. The natural content and the Quality Reference Values determination for soils from Santa Catarina complied with that requested by the current legislation. The QRV (mg kg-1) was determined based on the 75th percentile (upper quartile) and it was evident, due to the differences among the source materials in SC soils, the need in keeping it by soil groups with similar physical and chemical characteristics, in order to reduce the error possibility in future inspections.
Keywords: Natural Contents. Representative Soils. Environmental Monitoring. Environmental Pollution.
 
 
Resumo
A presença de elementos-traço nos solos acima das concentrações naturais pode indicar contaminação antrópica. Sendo assim, o conhecimento dos teores naturais de elementos-traço dos solos é de extrema importância no monitoramento e remediação de áreas contaminadas. O Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente (CONAMA) determina que os estados e o Distrito Federal estabeleçam os Valores de Referência de Qualidade (VRQ), baseados nos teores naturais de substâncias inorgânicas nos solos. Dessa forma, este trabalho objetivou determinar os VRQ de bário (Ba), cádmio (Cd), níquel (Ni), cobre (Cu), zinco (Zn), cromo (Cr), chumbo (Pb), manganês (Mn) e cobalto (Co) para solos de Santa Catarina. Para tanto foram utilizados os teores naturais de Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ba, Cd, Ni, Co e Mn obtidos para 43 perfis representativos do estado. Os teores naturais e a determinação dos Valores de Referência de Qualidade para solos de Santa Catarina obedeceram ao preconizado pela legislação vigente. Os VRQ foram determinados com base no percentil 75 (quartil superior) e devido às diferenças entre materiais de origem nos solos de SC, viu-se a necessidade de manter os VRQ por grupo de solos com características físicas e químicas semelhantes, a fim de reduzir a possiblidade de erros em futuras fiscalizações.
Palavras-chave: Teores Naturais. Solos Representativos. Monitoramento Ambiental. Poluição Ambiental.
A perspective on light-based bioprinting of DNA hydrogels for advanced bone regeneration: Implication for bone organoids
Authors: Bai Long , Li Mengmeng , Su Jiacan
Published: March 2023

Light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing of hydrogels has been widely adopted for accelerating bone regeneration. However, the design principles of traditional hydrogels do not take into consideration the biomimetic regulation of multiple stages throughout the bone healing, and the hydrogels made cannot effectively induce sufficient osteogenesis, which in turn greatly limits their capacity in guiding bone regeneration. The recent progress achieved in DNA hydrogel, which is based on synthetic biology, could facilitate the innovation of the current strategy due to its advantages, such as resistance to enzymatic degradation, programmability, structural controllability, and mechanical properties. However, 3D printing of DNA hydrogel is not well defined and appears to have a few distinct early forms. In this article, a perspective on the early development of 3D printing of DNA hydrogels is presented, and a potential implication of the hydrogel-based bone organoids builtup for bone regeneration is proposed. 
Tissue-engineered edible bird’s nests (TeeBN)
Authors: Liu Yu , Liu Yangyang , Liu Jiayue , Li Yuwei , Wan Jian-Bo , Niu Yiming , Dong Lei , Du Li , Wang Chunming
Published: March 2023

Edible bird’s nests (EBN)—the nests of swiftlet birds harvested from the wild— are high-end healthcare food in East Asia, while their excessive harvesting poses increasing ecological, environmental, and food safety concerns. Here, we report for the first time a tissue-engineering (TE) approach for fabricating EBNs substitutes by integrating the technologies of three-dimensional (3D) printing and live cell culture. The engineered products, tissue-engineered edible bird’s nests (TeeBN), comprise two layers. The first is a feeding layer that encapsulates epithelial cells in 3D-printed biocompatible gelation scaffolds. These cells secrete bioactive ingredients, e.g., sialic acid and epidermal growth factors (EGF), recapitulating the natural production of these substances by birds. The second is a receiving layer, consisting of foodgrade natural polymers, e.g., polysaccharides, which mimics the building blocks of natural EBNs while biologically stabilizing the factors released from the feeding layer. In vitro characterizations demonstrate that the feeding layer facilitates 3D cell growth and functions, and the receiving layer (as the end product) contains the necessary nutrients expected from natural EBNs—while without harmful substances commonly detected in natural EBNs. Further, in vivo metabolomics studies in mice indicate that TeeBN showed a similar profile of serum metabolites as natural EBN, reflecting comparable nutritional effects. In summary, we innovatively developed a tissue engineering-based substitute for EBNs with comparable metabolic functions and minimized safety risks, opening a new avenue for producing delicacy food from laboratorial cell culture with 3D printing technology.
Three-dimensional printing of microfiberreinforced hydrogel loaded with oxymatrine for treating spinal cord injury
Authors: Song Shiqiang , Zhou Jing , Wan Junming , hao Xingchang Z , Li Kai , Yang Chengliang , Zheng Chuanchuan , Wang Liqiang , Tang Yujin , Wang Chong , Liu Jia
Published: March 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe neural tissue damage and motor/sensory dysfunction. Since the injured spinal cord tissue has limited self-regeneration ability, several strategies, including cell therapy, drug delivery, and tissue engineering scaffold implantation, have been employed to treat SCI. However, each of these strategies fails to obtain desirable outcomes due to their respective limitations. In comparison, advanced tissue engineering scaffolds with appropriate topographical features, favorable composition, and sustained drug delivery capability can be employed to recruit endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs), induce neuronal differentiation, and facilitate neuron maturation. This can lead to the regeneration of injured spinal cord tissue and the recovery of motor function. In this study, fiber bundle-reinforced spinal cord extracellular matrix hydrogel scaffolds loaded with oxymatrine (OMT) were produced through nearfield direct write electrospinning. The spinal cord extracellular matrix-based hydrogel was then coated with OMT. The physical/chemical properties and in vitro degradation behavior of the composite scaffolds were investigated. The in vitro cell culture results showed that composite scaffolds loaded with OMT promoted the differentiation of NSCs into neurons and inhibited differentiation into astrocytes. The in vivo results showed that the composite scaffolds loaded with OMT recruited NSCs from the host tissue, promoted neuronal differentiation and axon extension at the lesion site, inhibited glial scar formation at/around the lesion site, and improved the recovery of motor function in rats with SCI. To sum up, 3D-printed microfiber-reinforced spinal cord extracellular matrix hydrogel scaffolds loaded with OMT are promising biomaterials for the treatment of SCI.
Programmable and printable formaldehyde dehydrogenase as an excellent catalyst for biodegradation of formaldehyde
Authors: Zhao Shuyan , Zeng Bo , Pei Rui , Fu Xiaoli , Zhu Meinan , Zhang Guangya , Jiang Wei
Published: March 2023

As an environmental pollutant, formaldehyde can cause serious harm to the human body. Among many degradation methods, formaldehyde dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas putida (PFDH) exhibits broad potential because of its strong catalytic specificity and high degradation efficiency. However, the real application of PFDH in industry is limited by its instability and difficulties in recycling. In this work, the suitable printing conditions for immobilizing PFDH by three-dimensional (3D) printing technology were studied: the concentration of sodium alginate (SA) was 1.635 wt%, the concentration of CaCl2 was 7.4 wt%, the crosslinking time with CaCl2 was 8 min, and the temperature of the reaction was 31.5°C. 3D-printed PFDH/calcium alginate (CA) microspheres have 210% relative enzyme activity after seven repeated uses. Dried PFDH/CA particles were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), EDS elemental mapping, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) which proved that the enzyme was immobilized by the material. In addition, the recycling ability of 3D printing to immobilize different objects was explored and different shapes were designed by computer-aided design (CAD). In conclusion, 3D printing technology was applied to immobilize PFDH in this work, which provides a new idea to biodegrade formaldehyde in a green way.
Co-culture bioprinting of tissue-engineered bone-periosteum biphasic complex for repairing critical-sized skull defects in rabbits
Authors: Zhao Danyang , Wang Yu , Yu Zhencheng , Wang Chuandong , Zhang Hongbo , Han Dong , Li Qingfeng
Published: March 2023

Tissue engineering based on bioprinting technology has broad prospects in the treatment of critical-sized bone defect. Nevertheless, it is challenging to construct composite tissues or organs with structural integrity. Periosteum and stem cells are important in bone regeneration, and it has been shown that co-culture engineering system could successfully repair bone defects. Here, a strategy of co-culture bioprinting was proposed, and a tissue-engineered bone-periosteum biphasic complex was designed. Poly-L-lactic acid/hydroxyapatite (PLLA/HA) was used to construct the supporting scaffold of bone phase. Gelatin methacryl (GelMA) loaded with rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and periosteum-derived stem cells (PDSCs) were used to simulate the extracellular matrix and cellular components of bone and periosteum, respectively, and a co-culture layer was formed between the bone and the periosteum phase. By adjusting material ratios of PLLA/HA and crosslinking time of GelMA, a complex with good mechanical strength and cell activity was constructed and then implanted into the defect area of rabbit skull. The quantitative results of imaging and histology showed that the repair effect of bone-periosteum biphasic complex group was significantly better than that of other control groups, which demonstrated that the bone-periosteum biphasic complex was advantageous to both bone repair and regeneration. In general, using the co-culture bioprinting to construct engineered tissue is a very promising strategy, which is expected to be applied in the construction of more complex tissues and solid organs for tissue repair and organ transplantation.
Evaluation of mechanical and biological properties of akermanite/poly-ether-etherketone composite fabricated by hightemperature laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Wang Haoze , Su Jin , Shu Zixing , Hou Jiayi , Chen Peng , Li Zhaoqing , Yan Chunze , Shi Yusheng
Published: March 2023

High-temperature laser bed powder fusion (HT-LPBF) technology is an ideal method for processing poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) implants with personalized bionic structures, but the biological inertia of PEEK limits its medical applications. In this study, we evaluated the mechanical and biological properties of a novel akermanite (AKM)/PEEK composite for HT-LPBF. The results showed that tiny AKM particles are evenly attached to the surface of the PEEK particle. The delayed peak crystallization temperature and stable sintering window ensure the processing feasibility of the AKM/PEEK composites. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus are in the range of 30.83–98.73 MPa and 2.27–3.71 GPa, respectively, which can match the properties of cancellous bones and meet their implanting requirement. The CCK-8 experiments demonstrated the biocompatibility of the composites and the good proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells. The dense hydroxyapatite network layer and petal-like hydroxyapatite demonstrates biological activity, indicating that the composite has a good potential in the orthopedics fields.
Presentación
Authors: Martín Blázquez Francisco Miguel , Muñoz Castellanos José Carlos
Published: March 2023

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Application of immersion B-scan ultrasonography in diagnosis of complex retinal detachment, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous and intraocular tumors
Authors:   Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China, Yang Qing-Hua , Qu Ying-Xin ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese Aerospace 731 Hospital, Beijing 100074, China, Zhang Hong-Tao ,   Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China, Chen Bing ,   Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China, Li Yan ,   Medical Engineering Department of Medical Supply Center, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China, Jia Liang ,   Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China, Wang Li-Qiang ,   Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
Published: March 2023

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic value of panoramic immersion B-scan ultrasonography (Pano-immersion B-scan, PIB) in complex retinal detachment (RD), persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) and intraocular tumors.
METHODS: The clinical data of 44 patients collected from May 2012 to December 2019 in Chinese PLA General Hospital was retrospectively studied. All of these patients underwent PIB of the eye, because it was difficult to diagnose by routine ocular fundus examination, conventional ultrasound or/and ultrasonic biomicroscope (UBM) due to opacity of refractive media, pupillary occlusion, large involvement or special location of the lesion. The imaging features of difficult cases in PIB were analyzed. The diagnosis accuracy rating of PIB were evaluated and contrasted with conventional ultrasound or UBM by the standard of intraoperative diagnosis or/and pathological results.
RESULTS: According to intraoperative diagnosis or pathological results as gold standard, among the 44 cases, there were 19 cases missed diagnosis, misdiagnosed or difficult-to-diagnose by conventional ultrasound or UBM, including 4 cases of long-standing RD difficult to diagnose, 4 cases misdiagnosed, and 11 cases incompletely observed or miss diagnosed. The diagnostic accuracy rate of PIB and conventional ultrasound or UBM were 100% (44/44) and 56.82% (25/44), and the sensitivity of them were 100% and 56.82%. All the patients underwent PIB and were diagnosed as RD (15 cases), retinal and choroidal detachment (4 cases), subchoroidal hematocele (1 case), vitreous opacity and/or organic membrane formation (4 cases), PHPV (12 cases), iris and/or ciliary body tumors (3 cases), and choroidal tumors (6 cases). According to the intraoperative diagnosis or pathological results, the diagnostic coincidence rate of PIB was 100%, which was significantly higher than conventional ultrasound and UBM.
CONCLUSION: PIB can help to accurately diagnose complex RD, PHPV, and intraocular masses with special location or/and excessive size. It has important diagnostic value for patients with equivocal findings at conventional ultrasound examination.
Reverse Supply Chain and Pharmaceutical Waste Collection Management Utilizing Location-Routing Model
Authors: Efendi Syahril , Chen Tzu Chia , Widjaja Gunawan , Hansen Hansen , Bakhvalov Sergey Yurevich , Gerasimova Yulia Radikovna , Abilmazhinov Yermek , Anichkina Olga , Rahman Ferry Fadzlul
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, the increased amount and variety of waste, and the health risks caused by them are considered among the substantial issues of human societies today. Pharmaceutical wastes are among the most dangerous polluting wastes of the environment in the world. They include expired products and unused medicines. This study aims to investigate pharmaceutical waste collection management utilizing the location-routing model in a reverse supply chain. To do so, pharmaceutical waste from pharmacies and hospitals is collected and then transfer to collection centers, where waste classification and future decisions are planned. This process is done in two stages, the first includes pharmacies and hospitals, and collection centers, and the second stage includes collection centers, disposal centers, and airports. In the first stage, pharmaceutical waste is collected, and in the second level, this waste is either safely disposed of or recycled, or medicines that can be reused are sent to third-world countries. Finally, by creating an optimization model, the transportation costs, the construction cost of collection centers, disposal costs, and the cost of producing carbon dioxide will be minimized. Reducing carbon dioxide production helps make this chain greener.
Drying Kinetic Models of Rice Applying Fluidized Bed Dryer
Authors: Hasibuan Rosdanelli , Sari Widya Nanda , Manurung Renita , Alexande Vikram
Published: March 2023

Rice is the main food in Indonesia. Rice drying by using the traditional method directly under the sun light can require a long time to complete. The aim of this study is to investigate the appropriate kinetics modeling of rice with applied by fluidized bed dryer. A rice bed with 2-cm thickness has been dried at various temperatures (50℃, 60℃, and 70℃) with air velocity of 10 m/s applied from hot air fluidized dryer obtained from pyrolysis process. The appropriate rice drying kinetics modeling has been selected based on the agreement between experimental results and seven drying kinetics equations available namely the drying kinetics modeling of Newton, Page, Henderson-Pabis, Logarithmic, Midilli, Two Term, and Verma. The degree of accuracy for the kinetics modeling is determined based on six statistics parameters namely the coefficient determination (R2), mean absolute deviation (MAD), mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Schwarz information criterion (SIC). The results of the study show that the Verma drying kinetics modeling is the most appropriate model for rice using fluidized bed dryer with all given temperatures (50℃, 60℃, and 70℃) with regard to six given statistics parameters (R2, MAD, MSE, RMSE, AIC, and SIC).
“AJUDANDO A PREPARAR A PRÓXIMA GERAÇÃO”: RACIONALIDADE NEOLIBERAL, GOOGLE E A EAD NO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Felipe Ramos da , Simoes Rodrigo Lemos
Published: March 2023

Este texto tem por objetivo analisar a Google for Education para além de uma plataforma, e sim, como um veículo promotor de pedagogias culturais no âmbito educacional. Interessa-nos compreender como este tipo de agente digital se posiciona no contexto da educação a distância, mais especificamente, a maneira como representa a si e aos seus produtos diante das expectativas geradas pelo atual momento da educação no Brasil. A maneira como esta passou a ser percebida, a partir do crescimento das chamadas Big Techs, gigantescos conglomerados de tecnologia com influência e alcance global, tem relação com a expansão da racionalidade neoliberal e do capitalismo informacional que embasam os discursos e representações sobre a educação a distância. Neste sentido, nos propomos a analisar as peças publicitárias da Google for Education, como elas ensinam a educar a distância, em uma lógica mercadológica, vinculando através de imagens e discursos os seus produtos à ideia de qualidade e garantia de excelência na educação. Para tanto, utilizaremos da metodologia de Fairclough (2001), chamada de Análise de Discurso Textualmente Orientada, naquilo em que ela nos permite compreender em termos de conexão entre recursos linguísticos utilizados em textos reais, e os mecanismos simbólicos de poder. Ao término do texto, buscamos demonstrar o impacto causado pelo avanço da lógica neoliberal sobre os sistemas educacionais no Brasil.
OBSTÁCULOS NA PROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO DE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Barros Julia Oliveira , Neves Rui , Ravagni Eduardo
Published: March 2023

Conhecer as barreiras à inclusão da pessoa com deficiência intelectual no ensino profissional brasileiro constitui-se objetivo desta revisão integrativa da literatura, cuja pergunta norteadora é: Quais os obstáculos para a inclusão da pessoa com deficiência intelectual na formação profissional no Brasil? Iniciou-se com uma revisão exploratória, nas bases de dados Scopus, ERIC, SciElo e CAPES, utilizando os descritores “deficiência intelectual”, “formação profissional” e inclusão e os respectivos termos em inglês e espanhol. Identificou-se, então, 5 periódicos, validados por experts, que publicaram entre janeiro de 2011 a abril de 2022, 3.268 artigos. Após a leitura dos títulos nos sumários, excluiu-se 3.237 por não tratarem do tema. Dos 31 artigos restantes excluiu-se 17 após a leitura dos resumos, por não apresentarem relação com o objetivo e/ou pergunta norteadora. Após a leitura na íntegra, dos 14 artigos restantes, excluiu-se 6 por não atenderem os critérios de inclusão, sendo o corpus da revisão, composto por 8 artigos. Os obstáculos apontados nos estudos foram categorizados em: o aparato legal; o baixo nível de escolaridade; o ambiente educacional; o método de ensino e a avaliação; baixo investimento na formação continuada de professores; e pouco apoio familiar. Considera-se necessário ampliar o acesso para este público no ensino profissional e recomenda-se o estabelecimento de parcerias entre Escolas da Educação Especial e Escolas Profissionais, onde o nível de escolaridade não seja pré-requisito para o acesso, com novas metodologias de ensino e avaliação, que viabilizem a permanência e o sucesso deste estudantes no ensino profissional.
Increasing the radar cross section using phase array antenna in the body structure of miniature air-launched decoy platforms
Authors: Otenkaya Ozge Bayri , Pakfiliz Ahmet Gungor
Published: March 2023

Decoys have a crucial role in the electronic countermeasure and deception concepts, and many works and developments have been realized over the past few decades. The most impressive one is the miniature air-launched decoy (MALD)s. They are used to give the impression of an attack in enemy airspace by imitating the fighters' radar signatures and flight profiles. However, they resemble the emission of the fighters; their radar detection probabilities are lower than fighters due to their low radar cross-section (RCS)s. This situation results suspiciously and provides a basis for discriminating a MALD from a fighter. Thus, the emission and the MALD system's RCS must resemble a fighter. This study presents a method for increasing the RCS of MALD systems by using phased array antennas. So, a different approach is developed for covering the surface of the MALD platform with a phased array antenna with using ANSYS High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) program. The phased array antenna structure analysis for different radiating elements has been conducted on the ANSYS HFSS program. A microstrip antenna, a dipole antenna, and bow tie antenna structures were analyzed, and the results were compared. The antenna structure with the best results was decided and applied to the missile. The increased MALD system's RCS has been compared with the fighter's RCS, and satisfactory results have been obtained.
DAMPAK APLIKASI YOUTUBE TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Mardhiah Ziadatul , Pratiwi Hardiyanti , Rusdiah Rusdiah
Published: March 2023

The YouTube application is one of the many social media that is often used by the public, both adults and children. The rise of YouTube applications for children is one of the problems in the world of education. Along with the increasingly rapid development of the times, of course this will have an impact on the development of children if parents continue to provide YouTube applications. This study aims to determine the impact of the YouTube application on children's cognitive development. This type of research is field research with a qualitative approach. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The subjects in this study were six children aged 4-6 years and their parents (housewives). The object of research is the impact of the YouTube application on children's cognitive development. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis uses Miles and Huberman analysis which is carried out interactively and takes place continuously. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that: the impact of the YouTube application on the cognitive development of the 6 children is, being able to recognize the letters of the alphabet, hijaiyah letters, recognizing colors, recognizing numbers and being able to count, being able to memorize, easy to imitate, learning through songs, recognizing large and small objects, and group images.
PENERAPAN MODEL TOKEN EKONOMY DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKTIVE LEARNING PADA ANAK DI TK FADILAH
Authors: Ashari Novita , Tadzkirah Tadzkirah , Hariyati Kusma , Bakri Nurdiana , Kundia Siti Mayang , Fatimah Nurul , Sutiha Sutiha
Published: March 2023

Abstrak Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini ialah untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang bagaimana penerapan model Token Ekonomy dalam meningkatkan active learning pada anak di TK Fadilah Parepare. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan ialah deskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus, peneliti memperlihatkan hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan data yang ada di lapangan. Untuk pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Melalui penerapan token ekonomy pada anak di TK Fadilah terdapat perubahan pada anak dalam meningkatkan Active learningnya. Hal ini sesuai dengan indikator active learning yaitu pembelajaran memiliki tujuan dan dapat dipahami dengan sederhana, active learning hendaknya memberikan pandangan baru kepada siswa tentang topik yang akan dibahas, active learning dapat berfungsi apabila adanya permasalahan yang menjadi pusat untuk diselesaikan, pembelajaran bersifat umpan balik, active learning memberikan siswa kesempatan untuk mengembangkan sikap terbuka terhadap hasil pembelajaran. Dari indikator active learning tersebut berdasarkan kegiatan model token ekonomy peneliti menemukan bahwa adanya peningkatan active learning pada anak melalui penerapan token ekonomy.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER (CHARACTER EDUCATION) MELALUI KONSEP TEORI THOMAS LICKONA DI PAUD SEKARWANGI WANASABA
Authors: Astriya Baiq Roni Indira
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui 1) implementasi pendidikan karakter pada anak usia dini, 2) dampak dari pendidikan karakter pada anak usia dini, 3) kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam proses mengimplementasikan pendidikan karakter pada anak usia dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dimana penelitian ini mendeskripsikan data yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan berpedoman pada Miles dan Hubermen yang terdiri dari; reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Adapun hasil penelitian ini antara lain: 1) implementasi konsep Thomas Lickona yakni moral knowing merupakan proses pembentukan karakter dengan cara memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang baik kepada anak melalui pengintegrasian pengetahuan ke dalam proses belajar mengajar, seperti penanaman sikap dan perilaku melalui metode becerita pada setiap kegiatan awal. Sedangkan untuk menumbuhkan aspek moral feeling dapat dilakukan dengan cara membangkitkan kesadaran anak akan pentingnya menjaga komitmen terhadap nilai karakter melalui reward dan punishment, metode pembiasaan, metode karyawisata dengan mengunjungi beberapa tempat di luar sekolah pada setiap puncak tema. Sementara konsep moral action adalah bagaimana membuat pengetahuan moral dapat diwujudkan menjadi tindakan nyata. Dalam hal ini sebanyak 80,76% atau 42 anak dari 52 anak memiliki nilai karakter yang Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB). 2) Anak sudah mampu membedakan mana yang baik dan tidak baik, menjaga disiplin dalam berbagai kegiatan terprogram, terbiasa melakukan kegiatan rutin, terbiasa menjaga kebersihan diri dan lingkungan. 3) Kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam mengimplementasikan pendidikan yakni aktivitas-aktivitas positif yang biasa dilakukan anak di sekolah terkadang tidak sama dengan apa yang dilakukan di rumah. Solusi yang dilakukan guru ialah memperkuat program parenting dengan melakukan pembentukan koordinator masing-masing kegiatan, dan mengevaluasi program.
The experimental study of the effect of magnetically sensitive elastomers on oil recovery of reservoirs containing high-viscosity oils
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Mustafayeva Rena E.
Published: March 2023

In world practice, low-viscosity oil accounts for the main share of production. As the development progresses, the share of high-viscosity oil in the total balance increases year on year. The growing unused reserves of high-viscosity oil oblige researchers to solve the issue of developing these reserves, which is an important task for the oil industry. Studies have been carried out to increase oil recovery during the development of oil reservoirs containing high-viscosity oil by pumping a solution of magnetically active polymer, namely silicone oligomer, the matrix of which contains 5–25% Fe+3 ions, treated with a constant transverse magnetic field with a strength of H = 51740 A/m. A mixture of 90% by weight of quartz sand and 10% by weight of bentonite clay, with a permeability of k = 1.4 D, was used as a reservoir model. The high-viscosity oil model consisted of St-45 aviation oil. A silicone oligomer of 159–360 brand was used as a matrix with an operating temperature range of 60°C to +300°C, into which particles of gamma-Fe2O3 Nano powder with a size of 0.5 nm are introduced, with a degree of filling of the matrix of 5–25% by volume of Fe. Magnetization saturation is 80 emu/g, residual magnetization is 460 emu/g, and coercive force is 670 Oh. Validation of the proposed method was carried out by physical modeling of the process of displacement of high-viscosity oil with a magnetic elastomer on a laboratory installation. The oil recovery coefficient was calculated according to a well-known method. The use of magnetically sensitive polymer can be an effective method of developing heavy oil fields. For each heavy oil field, taking into account its specifics (reservoir properties of the rock, physicochemical properties of oil, etc.), an appropriate magnet active polymer is selected. As the experimental results show, the best indicator of the oil recovery coefficient is achieved at 65%, compared with 48% of recovery in the absence of magnetic field exposure.
Clinico-Haemato-Biochemical Changes and Therapeutic Efficacy of Diminazene Aceturate and Artesunate against Bovine Babesiosis in Kashmir Valley
Authors: Ahmad T. , Tufani N.A. , Haq A.U. , Tramboo S.R. , Allaie I.M. , Malik H.U. , Dar N.A. , Dar A.A.
Published: March 2023

Background: The purpose of the study trial was to assess therapeutic efficacy of diminazene aceturate and artesunate with respect to clinical, haematological and biochemical changes in the cattle affected by babesiosis. Methods: For the analysis, a total of 16 clinically affected cattle were selected, with eight animals in each group. Eight healthy cattle were also selected under the control group. Clinical symptoms, blood smear microscopy and PCR-based molecular tools were used to confirm babesiosis. For the therapeutic trial, Groups I and II received treatment with diminazene aceturate and artesunate, respectively and the efficacy was estimated on the basis of survival rate, and improvement in the clinico-haemato-biochemical parameters. Result: The major clinical signs recorded were persistent high fever, pale mucous membranes, presence of ticks, decreased ruminal motility and haemoglobinuria. In diseased cattle (n=16) Hb, PCV, and TEC levels were significantly (P less than 0.05) low but with a significant (P less than 0.05) increase in TLC as compared to the control group (n=8). Significantly (P less than 0.05) neutrophilia, lymphopenia, hypoglycaemia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminaemia, was recorded in the diseased group. Moreover, significantly (P less than 0.05) increased levels of BUN, creatinine, AST, LDH and iron were recorded in the infected animals. Group I treated with diminazene aceturate was the most effective and cost- efficient treatment for bovine babesiosis compared to Group II treated with Artesunate.
A Study of Polyphenolic Compounds and in vitro Antioxidant Activity of Trianthema portulacastrum Linn. Extracts
Authors: Kumar Nirbhay , Ahmad A.H. , Gopal Anu , Batra Munish , Pant Disha , Srinivasu M.
Published: March 2023

Background: Trianthema portulacastrum Linn. is an exotic plant growing as weed in Africa, Southeast Asia and tropical America. Chemical fingerprinting under the present study was undertaken to characterize the polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activities present in the plant. Methods: Several in vitro antioxidant assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant activities in aqueous, alcoholic and hydro-alcoholic extracts. Characterization of polyphenolic compounds was done by HPLC and GCMS analyses. Result: Total phenols, flavonoids and total antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH, ABTS and total antioxidant capacity assays was found to be maximum in hydroethanolic extract of the plant. HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin hydrate, vanillic acid, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, rutin, salicylic acid, myricetin, quercetin and trans-cinnamic acid in plant extracts being maximum in hydroethanolic followed by aqueous, hydromethanolic, ethanolic and then methanolic extracts. Catechin, epicatechin, rutin, myricetin and quercetin were main flavonoid compounds in most of the plant extracts. GCMS analysis also confirmed the presence of several other antioxidants. Based on the findings of the phytochemical analyses and in vitro antioxidative studies, it can be clearly established that Trianthema portulacastrum has rich amounts of potent polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds having antioxidant properties.
Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) Milk Exosomes Promote Glucose Consumption in L6 Cells
Authors: Yang Bin , Guo Zhuwei , Liu Pengbin , Er Demtu
Published: March 2023

Background: Camel milk can treat diabetes, but the exact anti-diabetes components of camel milk are still unclear. It is not clear whether camel milk exosomes can regulate glucose metabolism. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether camel milk exosomes can promote glucose consumption in L6 cells. Methods: Camel milk exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of camel milk exosomes on the viability of L6 cells. Glucose oxidase activity assay was used to detect the effect of camel milk exosomes on glucose consumption in L6 cells. RNA sequencing was used to detect differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways in L6 cells treated with camel milk exosomes. Result: The size of isolated camel milk exosomes was 30-100 nm by TEM. 3-12 ng/uL camel milk exosomes had no significant effect on L6 cell viability (P greater than 0.05). 6-24 ng/uL camel milk exosomes can significantly increase glucose consumption in L6 cells (P less than 0.05). A total of 401 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of downregulated genes suggested inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Camel milk exosomes may promote glucose consumption by inhibiting mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I.
El Magdalena, río de tumbas y ánimas benditas: las persistencias de las memorias
Authors: Herrera Martha Cecilia , Torres Carrillo Alfonso
Published: March 2023

El artículo presenta una reflexión en torno a los imaginarios y simbolismos presentes en algunas creaciones artísticas (literarias, visuales y fílmicas) sobre la violencia reciente en Colombia, en las cuales el Río Magdalena ha sido protagonista y en las que pueden verse las persistencias de las memorias en las creencias y representaciones de las poblaciones ribereñas. Se analizan cuatro producciones estéticas que enfatizan en los ríos y la presencia en ellos de seres espirituales y mitológicos en el corpus narrativo abordado, en clave de reconocer las metáforas, simbolismos presentes en las narrativas literarias y audiovisuales en torno a la violencia política. Esto permite hacer un balance interpretativo con referencia a la perspectiva conceptual de la imaginación simbólica.
Clustering of Developing Countries in Terms of Logistics Market Development with Fuzzy Clustering and Discriminant Analysis
Authors: KARA Karahan
Published: March 2023

Logistics performance indicators are important in determining the market development levels of countries. Especially the logistics markets of developing countries play an active role in increasing the country's economy and trade volumes. In this research, it is aimed to cluster the developing countries according to their level of logistics market development in 2022. For this reason, fuzzy clustering and discriminant analyzes have been applied in the research. The sample area of the study consists of 50 developing countries. The data of the research have been taken from The Agility Emerging Markets Logistics Index reports. The research has been carried out in two phases. In the first phase, developing countries are classified by fuzzy cluster analysis. According to the analysis findings, 2 clusters have been obtained as high and low logistics market development cluster. In the second phase, discriminant analysis has been conducted to test the cluster membership of clustered countries. According to the discriminant analysis findings, all cluster memberships have been confirmed. As a result of the research, the cluster membership status of the developing countries and cluster centers according to the variables have been determined and the obtained implications have been presented.
Finansal Gelişmenin Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimine Etkisinin Toplamsal Olmayan Sabit Etkili Panel Kantil Yöntemiyle Analizi: CIVETS Ülkelerinden Ampirik Kanıtlar
Authors: KAVAS Yusuf Bahadır , ÇOBAN Mustafa Necati
Published: March 2023

Doğal kaynakların bilinçsizce ve aşırı tüketimi, sanayileşme, ormansızlaşma ve benzeri faktörler çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin küresel düzeyde tehdidine yol açmaktadır. Çevresel bozulma sürecinin uluslararası boyutta hissedilmesiyle beraber ülkelerin bu süreci yavaşlatmaya veya durdurmaya yönelik önlemler aldığı bilinmektedir. Fosil yakıtların ciddi çevresel hasarlara yol açması, temiz enerji kaynakları olarak da tanımlanan yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Bu artan ilgiyle beraber yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin belirleyicilerine yönelik araştırmaların arttığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada CIVETS ülkelerinde finansal gelişmenin yenilenebilir enerji tüketime etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Belirtilen bu amaç kapsamında CIVETS ülkeleri olarak bilinen Kolombiya, Endonezya, Vietnam, Mısır, Türkiye ve Güney Afrika’ya ait 1990-2018 dönemini kapsayan yıllık veriler analize dahil edilmiştir. Bağımlı değişken olarak yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi, finansal gelişmişlik göstergesi ve bağımsız değişken olarak da IMF tarafından yayınlanan Finansal Gelişmişlik Endeksi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca doğrudan yabancı yatırım girişleri ve ekonomik büyüme gibi bağımsız değişkenler de çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmada analizlerin gerçekleştirilmesinde Powell (2016) tarafından geliştirilen güncel bir yaklaşım olarak Toplamsal Olmayan Sabit Etkili Panel Kantil yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde CIVETS ülkelerinde tüm kantil düzeyleri için finansal gelişmenin yenilenebilir enerji tüketimini negatif yönde etkilediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
Apo-B Levels and Abdominal Aortic Wall Thickness in Hypercholesterolemic Rats Treated with Red Guava Fruit
Authors: Maryanto Sugeng , Oktianti Dian
Published: March 2023

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is mainly related to hypercholesterolemia. Sometimes CHD occurs in people with normal cholesterol. Therefore, it is necessary to study other factors that cause CHD: apolipoprotein B (apo-B). Atherosclerosis is a marker of CHD, characterized by the thickening of the walls of blood vessels and the narrowing of blood vessels. Non-pharmacologically, CHD can be managed by consuming foods with high fiber and antioxidants, such as red guava fruit. 
Objectives: This research aimed to analyze the consequence of red guava fruit on the Apo-B levels and the thickness of the abdominal aortic wall in hypercholesterolemic rats. 
Methods: The research design was a pre and post-test and a randomized control group. Fifty hypercholesterolemic adults male Sprague Dawley rats were given red guava fruit. The primary treatment used red guava fruit as a treatment group, referring to the fiber requirement of 38 g/day, and simvastatin as a positive control group based on a human dose of 10 mg/day, the conversion of human to mouse dose, according to Laurence-Bacarach is 0.018. The negative control group was hypercholesterolemic rats. The standard feed for the rats was based on AIN93. The Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay method measures apo-B levels, Kit For apo-B Rattus norwegicus, Catalog No. E92003Ra, produced by Uscn Life Science Inc. The aorta was taken after going through general anesthesia and thoracotomy. Furthermore, the aorta was processed for making histological preparations with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe histopathological changes. 
Results: Observation of aortic wall thickness using a microscope with a magnification of 400X. Simvastatin and red guava fruit have reduced Apo-B by 7% and 6%, respectively. 
Conclusions: The performance of red guava fruit in reducing Apo-B concentration and the thickness of the abdominal aortic wall was equal to the simvastatin.
Tinjauan Literatur: Intervensi Suplemen Makanan untuk Meningkatkan Z-Skor PB/U pada Balita Stunting
Authors: Siahaan Maya Fernandya , Rahmatika Auni , Nadhiroh Siti Rahayu
Published: March 2023

Latar Belakang: Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan yang berlangsung lama selama pertumbuhan dan perkembangan awal dalam kehidupan. Intervensi untuk mencegah malnutrisi harus dilaksanakan dalam 1000 hari pertama kehidupan. Periode antara usia 6 dan 24 bulan merupakan periode penting karena anak-anak beralih dari ASI eksklusif ke makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI). 
Tujuan: Tujuan kajian ini untuk memberikan informasi intervensi suplemen makanan yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara ilmiah dalam upaya pencegahan stunting.
Ulasan: Data diperoleh dari kajian berbagai sumber literatur dengan pencarian melalui search engine Google Scholar, BMC, Pubmed, dan Sciencedirect berupa hasil penelitian dalam bentuk jurnal bereputasi dan nasional. Artikel yang didapat berkaitan dengan penelitian ini sebanyak 7 artikel yang berkaitan dengan intervensi suplemen makanan untuk meningkatkan Pb/U Z-skor pada balita stunting umur 6-24 bulan.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat 2 jenis intervensi suplemen makanan yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan z-skor PB/U pada balita  yaitu dengan intervensi zat gizi tunggal (mineral seng) dan kombinasi 2-3 jenis zat gizi (Seng, Besi, Vitamin B12, Vitamin A, Lemak). Sedangkan intervensi kombinasi zat gizi mineral Seng, prebiotik dan suplemen makanan dalam bentuk sachet bubuk mikronutrien tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna terhadap pertambahan panjang badan baduta.
Digital Research Skills in Secondary Science Education: A Guiding Framework and University Teachers’ Perception
Authors: Blankendaal-Tran Kim N. , Meulenbroeks Ralph F. G. , van Joolingen Wouter R.
Published: March 2023

This study focuses on the perceived gap between the required and actual level of digital research skills (DRS) of students entering tertiary science education. By combining existing frameworks for research skills and digital literacy skills, a guiding framework of DRS was constructed. The DRS framework incorporates seven categories and is evaluated using an exploratory qualitative study employing semi-structured interviews with university teachers (N = 15). The level of DRS at the start of university science education and university teachers’ perceptions of first-year students’ level of DRS have been investigated. The results show that the skills of writing a research paper using digital tools, using proper resources, and analysing, transforming, and visualising data were generally found to be wanting.
Artificial Intelligence and the Sustainable Development Goals: GPT-3`s Reflections on the Society Domain
Authors: Jungwirth David , Haluza Daniela
Published: March 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) experienced significant advancements in recent years, and its impact is already recognized across various industries. Yet, the rise of AI has led to a growing concern about its impact on meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The aim of this paper was to evaluate contributions and the potential impact of AI to sustainable development in the society domain. Furthermore, the study analyzed GPT-3 responses, as one of the largest language models developed by OpenAI, descriptively. We conducted a set of queries on the SDGs to gather infor-mation on GPT-3`s perceptions of AI impact on sustainable development. Analysis of GPT-3’s contribution potential towards the SDGs showcased its broad range of capabilities for contributing to the SDGs in areas such as education, health, and communication. The study findings provide valuable insights into the contributions of AI to sustainable development in the society domain and highlight the importance of proper regulations to promote the responsible use of AI for sustainable development. We plan subsequent research for effects on ecologic and economic domains of SDGs. We highlighted the potential for improvement in neural language processing skills of GPT-3 by avoiding imitating weak human writing styles with more mistakes in longer texts.