bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of sexual mindsets on Brazilian marital quality and life satisfaction
Authors: Rocha Fabricio de Andrade , Wagner Adriana
Published: June 2022

Studies confirm that mindsets shape behaviors in love relationships, including in sex life. This paper reports exploratory research that aimed to verify the associations between implicit theories of sex, marital quality, and life satisfaction of Brazilian people. 657 adults living with a romantic partner for at least 6 months filled an online survey and data were analyzed through linear regressions and moderation analysis. Results showed that high levels of sexual destiny belief are associated with lower marital quality, lower life satisfaction, and higher divorce wish. High levels of sexual growth belief were associated with higher marital quality, higher life satisfaction, but surprisingly don’t predict lower divorce wish. We also found that sexual growth belief moderates the association between sexual destiny belief and marital quality, which suggests that it may act as a protective factor for marriage. These results indicate that interventions to promote marital quality by encouraging effort and hard work in relationships may produce positive outcomes.
Renal cell carcinoma with atypical metastases sites revealed by diabetes mellitus: a case report
Authors: Jelleli Nejmeddine , Loghmari Ahmed , Belkacem Oussama , Tlili Ghassen , Jellali Bilel , Chouaya Sabrine , Bouassida Kaireddine , Hmida Wissem Ben , Jaidane Mehdi , Hmissa Sihem
Published: June 2022

Background : Metastatic renal cancer represents 13.3% of all kidney cancers. Lung, bone, lymph nodes and liver are the most common metastatic sites. Incidental discovery of renal tumor disease interests 36% of patients with stage IV. This observation presents a particular circumstance of renal tumor discovery and unusual metastatic sites.Case presentation : We report the case of a 64-year-old woman recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. An uro-CT scan had shown a polymetastatic left renal tumor with unusual metastatic sites: parietal pleura, pancreas, and contralateral kidney. The patient underwent a biopsy of the thoracic parietal nodule. The pathology report concluded to the diagnosis of a pleural metastasis from a clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). She had a targeted therapy. At the last follow-up dating from 3 months after admission, the patient had altered general condition associated with total hematuria.Conclusions : Parietal pleura, pancreas, and contralateral kidney are rare secondary sites of RCC. The clinical expression of metastatic invasion of the pancreas can rarely fit with diabetes. Metastatic dissemination to these organs is most often associated with an unfavorable prognosis.
Network pharmacology-based strategy to investigate the molecular target and mechanism of Jiawei Linggui Zhugan decoction in the treatment of obesity
Authors: Wang Ning , Chen Hongda , Ye Zhiyu , Cao Nan , Mo Binyan , Qin Jian , Tan Li
Published: June 2022

Background. Jiawei Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction (JW-LZD) is based on LingguiZhugan Decoction (LZD) and adds eight traditional Chinese medicines: Codonopsispilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Yam, Epimedium, Morinda officinalis, TangerinePeel, Pinellia ternata and Coix Seed, which can be used for the treatment of obesityin the clinical. In this study, we determined the molecular targets and mechanismsinvolved in obesity treatment through network pharmacological analysis, andmolecular docking technology. Material and Methods. Related compounds wereobtained from the TCMSP.Oral bioavailability and drug-likeness were screened usingpharmacokinetic criteria. Molecular targets were identified in the drug-bank databaseand compared with obesity disease differential genes with P < 0.05 and ∣ log2FC >0.5 obtained in the GEO-database to obtain cross genes and construct the TCMcompound disease regulation network. After constructing PPI, Go, and KEGGanalyses, the key active components and target genes were selected. Moleculardocking was carried out using AutoDock, and the best binding target was selected toselect the best binding target for molecular docking. Results. A total of 248 potentialcompounds and 30 strongly associated JW-LZD targets were identified. Pathwayenrichment analysis showed that putative JW-LZD targets mostly participated inadenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling, adrenergic receptorsignaling, regulation of signal receptor activity, coagulation, and other metabolicrelated biological processes. The molecular docking results showed that the key JWLZDcomponents have good potential to combine with the target genes ADRB2,ADRA2A, ADRA2C, CHEK1, CHEK2, and DGAT2. Conclusion. Our findingssuggest that JW-LZD prevent obesity through the molecular mechanisms predicted bynetwork pharmacology, providing a way to develop new combination medicines forobesity.
The Philosophy of Transhumanism in Media Discourse
Authors:   International Information Technology University, Niyazgulova Aigul A. , Melnik Galina S. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of a study of the key concepts of the philosophical movement – transhumanism, reflected in the materials of traditional and online media. The trends presented in the media discourse in the implementation of the ideas of the philosophical movement of transhumanism are analyzed and criticism of its currents is given. The goal is to show trends in the coverage of the problems of transhumanism, its advantages and disadvantages. The task is to identify the specifics of philosophical theory, its value content, the interpretation of the provisions of the theory in online media. The empirical base of the study is online media selected for analysis by random sampling. The Yandex search engine for the query “Transhumanism” in April 2022 produced 19 thousand results, which indicates the relevance of the topic and reader interest in it. The publications that received the greatest response from the audience on such media resources as Lenta.ru, Kommersant, RBC, Yandex.Zen, Regnum, Russian newspaper etc. and devoted to the topic of transhumanism are analyzed. The hermeneutic, existential approaches we use allow us to discover the meaning of the genesis of the philosophical direction, and discourse analysis about the interpretation of meanings and the assessment of transhumanism by the authors of publications. The hypothesis of the study is that the philosophical direction turns into a social movement and ideology, but in reality, it takes on practical outlines. Monitoring the process of media reflection of the concept of transhumanism opens up additional opportunities for studying and philosophical understanding of this phenomenon as a theoretical concept and international movement, as well as finding signs of its implementation in social practice. The main research question is whether the approaches of transhumanists to the problem of unprecedented human improvement are capable of benefiting humanity, while avoiding catastrophe.
Essay on Sociocultural Analysis of Cinema: “Assassination Nation” by Sam Levinson
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Kolomeytseva Ekaterina B.
Published: June 2022

Cinema is an open self-referential system that is capable of influencing society through film images, changing the position of viewers on certain issues. Thereby, socio-cultural analysis of a film “Assassination Nation” by S. Levinson (2018) is topical. This film was chosen for analysis because it claimed to be an up-to-date artistic reflection of cultural, informational and political events that had taken place in the recent past in Europe and America. Hypothesis of the study of this film is that the director Sam Levinson, using manipulative means of film language, inspires the audience as a society for a positive perception of marginal and deviant images, which can create the prerequisites for real deviant behavior. The author undertook a comprehensive analysis of the film images in order to identify the propagated ideas of neoliberalism and deviance. The analysis of the film was carried out using a systematic approach to cultural phenomena and using quantitative and qualifying methods of cultural studies and sociology. The methods in use elicited main themes and microthemes. These are the themes of private life freedom, dangers of data alongside the Internet, inability of women, transgender people and gays to fight legally for their rights, social cruelty of the crowd. Research hypothesis is confirmed. The director of the film choses delinquent methods of solution of social problems, using manipulation of the audience and propaganda of delinquent behavior. In this case, the filmmakers use methods to promote marginal behavior related to the current political agenda. This connection reveals a more global connection between the film industry and changes in social institutions. The results of the study can be practically used within the framework of special courses in cultural studies and media criticism.
Managing Stakeholder Opportunism in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Housing Projects
Authors:   Department of Estate Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Jos, NIGERIA, Sanda Yakubu Nehemiah , Anigbogu Natalia Alexandrovna ,   Department of Building, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Jos, NIGERIA, Izam Yohana Daniel ,   Department of Building, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Jos, NIGERIA, Nuhu Lura Yohanna ,   Department of Estate Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Jos, NIGERIA
Published: June 2022

Stakeholder opportunistic behaviour has been reported as one of the reasons for failure in public-private partnership (PPP) housing projects. This study aimed at managing stakeholder opportunistic behaviours in PPP housing projects in Abuja, Nigeria with view to devise strategies for addressing the menace towards successful application of PPP in housing. Purposeful sampling technique was used to select the study sample from the total population. A total of 93 questionnaires were administered, out of these, 61 were duly completed and used for the study. The study adopted the ranking model and mean rating in analysing the data. Conflict of interest and lack of trust were the major determinants of opportunism manifesting in deliberate underbidding by private sectors and delays in disbursement of approved project funds. Strategic behaviours can effectively be prevented and mitigated by developing trust among stakeholder and use of contract structure. The study suggests structuring of contracts such that opportunism is avoided or reduced to acceptable level, building of trust among stakeholders and building an environment with adequate incentives to penalise collusion attempts as strategies for preventing and mitigating opportunism in PPP housing projects.
An Investigation of the Factors Affecting Successful Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Implementation in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Project Management Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, NIGERIA, Amade Benedict , Ogbonna Achimba Chibueze ,   School of Computing and Engineering Sciences, Babcock University Ilishan-Remo, NIGERIA, Nkeleme Emmanuel Ifeanyichukwu ,   Department of Building Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, NIGERIA
Published: June 2022

The ERP system has been identified as a tool for delivering information technology (IT) services through software and other critical infrastructures using internet technologies. Given its nature as an industry-driven concept and system, this is universally accepted in industry as a tool to solve practical problems with a view to achieving an integrated enterprise information system. However, a developing country like Nigeria still faces a lot of hurdles in managing its construction supply chain. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the successful implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems in the Nigerian construction industry. After a literature search, expert input via the Delphi technique, the study identified four main factors and 21 sub-factors. The Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was used to prioritise the factors and to identify the relationship that exists between the factors. The findings revealed that the key factors affecting the implementation of ERP systems are "A lot of security concerns" (T7), "The management of ERP projects is too complex" (P5) and "The inability to align the ERP solution with the business plans of the organisation" (P2). This study recommends that the findings of this work will help both local and international practitioners alike.
Communication aspects of secondary socialization
Authors: Zakharkin R. A.
Published: June 2022

The article concentrates on the study of the current problem of communication aspects of secondary socialization in the modern information society. Media play a significant role in all areas of post-industrial society, and socialization processes, in particular secondary socialization, are no exception. In this article the phenomenon of secondary socialization is described, approaches to its comprehensive understanding both from the point of view of classics of sociology and modern researchers are offered. An idea of the mechanism of functioning of this social phenomenon is given from the author’s point of view. The importance of media as the main channel for the transmission of socializing content in the modern socialization process in a society with intense communication links is also studied. The concept of the “media significant other” is given as a new approach to understanding the communication aspects of secondary socialization in modern society. The essence of the “media significant other” concept is revealed in the connection with the phenomenon of the “significant other”, also its features and its place in the system of secondary socialization is considered. Using the example of influencers, the case of functioning of the “media significant other” in the information and socialization space is considered. The article analyzes the data of a study aimed at empirically fixing the existence of the phenomenon of “media significant others” as personalities from the media sphere who influence following respondents.
Challenges of communication with public and state for Russian experts in international relations
Authors: Batagova A. D. , Kuvyrkova E. A.
Published: June 2022

This paper regards the communication aspects of the activities of Russian think tanks specializing in international relations. The importance of expertise on a wide range of issues of foreign policy is arising. This trend is observed both in Russia and abroad. However, simultaneously it is accompanied by the spreading post-truth, which often ensures the competence of a professional. The dominance of one of these discursive practices mostly depends on the communication peculiarities between experts, society, and authorities within a state. In such circumstances, the study of the Russian context seems to be very relevant. The work is organized in accordance with deductive logic: the first part analyzes general aspects (the notion of expert community, its functions, potential and limits of participation in public discussion and political process); the second part focuses on Russian think tanks specializing in international affairs as a more concrete case. The authors point out the features of communication with the public and study how the experts in international relations influence the Russian public opinion on foreign policy. In conclusion, the authors summarize the existing communication challenges and provide recommendations to increase the experts’ role in the public discussion on foreign policy.
EFFECT OF FLUORIDE CONTAMINATION ON MICROBIAL ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY IN SOIL
Authors:   Centre for Research and Evaluation, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641 046, Tamil Nadu. India., Roshni V.
Published: June 2022

The accumulation of environmental contaminant such as fluoride in wetlands especially in rice fields is increasing drastically by the action of fertilizers, pesticides, mining, waste disposal, and atmospheric pollution of which Kuttanad, the unique tropical wetland agro ecosystem is not an exception. Accumulation of excess F- in the environment poses serious burden to all organisms. Since soil microbial enzymes respond more quickly to various environmental conditions and soil management practices than any other soil quality parameters and thus used to detect early the changes in the soil health. In view of this, the activities of various enzymes involved in the biogeochemical cycles such as urease, protease, dehydrogenase, arylsulphatase, acid and alkaline phosphatase were investigated. Result showed thatF- had an inhibitory effect on the activity of all the enzymes studied possibly due to the adverse effect of F- on microorganisms.
ANALYSIS OF REPEAT RADIOGRAPHY AND CORRECTIVE MEASURES IN TEACHING HOSPITAL IN TERTIARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Allied Health Science, Brainware University Barasat Kolkata West Bengal., Kumar Jha Prashant , Alam Khan Arshad ,   Assistant Professor, Faculty of Allied Health Science SGT University Gurugram., Rai Himal ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Allied Health Science, Brainware University Barasat Kolkata West Bengal.
Published: June 2022

Aim and objective: The main aim of this study is to investigate the cause of repeat radiography and corrective measures in teaching hospital in the tertiary health care center. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted to investigate the causes of repeat radiography in the Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Imaging, SGT Hospital Gurugram, Haryana India. A total number of 1600 samples were collected from 1st January 2022 to 30th January 2022. Result: Overall repetition rate was 1.87% including all the investigations collected in this study. Discussion: There are so many factors affecting repeat radiographs in the computed radiography technique. Such factors include (a) body mass index of patient, (b) selection of technical factors, (c) patients instruction during the exposure, and (d) patient preparation. Conclusion: Repeat radiography is a key indicator to evaluate the service quality of the medical imaging department.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN FOCAL LIVER LESIONS
Authors:   Resident, Radiodiagnosis., A. Faizel , N. Kardam ,   Senior Professor, Radiodiagnosis., K. Gehlot ,   Head of Department and Professor Radiodiagnosis., S. Ola ,   Assistant Professor, Radiodiagnosis, All Authors are Affiliated with RNT Medical College, Udaipur.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Liver diseases are among the commonestcauses of morbidity and mortality and accurate characterization is an important goal of diagnostic imaging.The aim of the study is to establish the role of ultrasonography and CT in differentiation and early diagnosis of focal liver lesions and to correlate the findings with pathological diagnosis. Methodology:This prospective comparative observational and hospital based study was conducted on 100 patients. USG and CT were performed on focal hepatic mass patients. Diagnostic value of USG were compared with to those of CT. Results: Ultrasonography and CT evaluation results were compared with final diagnosis by FNAC/ HPR.USG showed maximum cases among malignant lesions were HCC (20%) and among benign lesions were liver abscess (19%).CT diagnosed maximum number of cases as metastasis (19%) in malignant lesions andalmost equal percentage of hemangiomas(15%) and liver abscess(16%) among the benign lesions. The sensitivity and specificity of USG in diagnosing lesions turned out to be slightly less than that of CT. Conclusion:The study concluded that ultrasonography can be adopted as the initial imaging modality with advantages of differentiating cystic from solid lesions, relationship with critical structures and can guide FNAC and biopsy. CT has a comparatively higher sensitivity and specificity in detection of lesions and can help narrow the differentials.
DEVIANT BEHAVIORSIN HIGHER EDUCATION AND PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION MODELS
Authors:   University of Education, VNU, Viet Nam., Thi Mai Phuong Tran
Published: June 2022

A large percentage of college students with deviant behaviors, especially concerning learning and social relationshas been reported by many studies. This article reviewed the current situation of deviant behaviors among college students through studies conducted in Vietnam and the world, including common behavioral patterns and their prevalence. In addition, the article pointed out certain factors affecting students deviant behaviors, including the motivating factors as well as the inhibiting factors through the reward and cost mechanism, the learning mechanism, and learning engagement. Amid such situation, the article also introduced some direct and indirect prevention and intervention models for students deviant behaviors through learning from the experience of universities around the world, selecting those feasible and highly applicable to the Vietnamese environment.
SCROTAL PILOMATRIXOMA: A RARE CASE REVEALED BY AN HYDROCELE
Authors:   Laboratory of pathology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., El Majoudi Salma , Elouarith Ihssan ,   Laboratory of pathology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Zakia Bernoussi ,   Laboratory of pathology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Kaoutar Znati ,   Laboratory of pathology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Jahid Ahmed ,   Laboratory of pathology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Fouad Zouaidia ,   Laboratory of pathology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: June 2022

Pilomatrixomais a cutaneous tumor, originating from the hair matrix, mostly affecting pediatric population. We report a particularly uncommon location of pilomatrixoma: the scrotal skin. A 50-year-old man, without history, has developed a hydrocele . Most often, its preoperative diagnosis is not possible, because of its clinical polymorphism. The precise diagnosis is histological, by the revealing of mummified cells. The treatment is surgical, with only purpose to perform complete removal of pathologic tissue, allowing to decrease the rate of local relapse.
STUDENT OPINION ABOUT SCRIPT CONCORDANCE TEST, JEDDAH, KSA
Authors:   Medical Resident, Dammam Medical Complex, KSA., Abdulmohsen Almousa Arif , Hesham Mohamed ,   Department of Pediatrics, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, KSA., Alghanmi Faisal ,   Neurology Resident, KAU, Jeddah, KSA.
Published: June 2022

Background:Medical students undergo rigorous medical training to acquire appropriate skills in areas of clinical reasoning and professional skills, among others. The Script Concordance Test(SCT) was developed in Canada to assess the clinical reasoning skills of students to ensure that they have the necessary knowledge and skills to execute functions effectively in clinical environments characterized by uncertainty. Methodology: The current study was conducted to assess the opinions of Saudi health students regarding the SCT. In the study, a cross-sectional study with online questionnaires used to survey and collect data from study participants. The quantitative method of data analysis used yielded essential outcomes. Result: The study found that female students had more knowledge about the test than male students. Likewise, KSA students were more knowledgeable than non-KSA students. Among the KSA students, participants from KAU had more knowledge about the test than students from other universities.MORE IS NEEDEDWITH FIGURESAND SIGNIFICANCE Conclusion: Overall, postgraduate students showed more knowledge about the test than undergraduate students. The test was generally accepted, but knowledge about it could be enhanced further among the students.
IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON MEDICINE GRADUATION
Authors:   Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP., Luiza Sarmento Dos Santos Maria , Paula Dupuy Hermes Ana ,   Centro Universitario Do Planalto Central Aparecido Dos Santos, Brasilia, DF., Tambellini Giacomasso Beatriz ,   Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP., De Menezes Gagliotti Gabriela ,   Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Araras, SP., Geraldo Peixoto Flauzino Jhonas ,   Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP., Versiani Barreto Mariana ,   Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, Sao Paulo, SP., Camelo De Alckmin Paula ,   Universidade Nove de Julho - Campus Vergueiro., Henrique Fugi Paulo ,   Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Araras, SP., Mito Romanelli Basso Thiago ,   Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP.
Published: June 2022

On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed an outbreak of SARS-COV-2 pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, China of unknown etiology until then, which gave rise to COVID-19. Consequently, in the area of â€‹â€‹education, emergency remote teaching began as an alternative for the continuity of classes. Thus, an adaptation to distance learning was necessary due to theextension of physical distancing measures to combat the spread of the virus. With this, the planning of students and teachers wasimpacted in all courses, among them, Medicine, and can cause significant methodological changes in medical education. Therefore, the objective of this work is to review the literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate medical courses. To achieve the proposed objective, the method adopted was the literature review, with a sample consisting of publications available in the Scielo, BVS, Bireme and PubMed databases, between the years 2000 to 2020.
CARDIOVASCULAR SYPHYLIS PRESENTING AS AORTIC ANEURYSM, AORTIC CALCIFICATION AND AORTIC REGURGITATON - A RARE ENTITY IN THE ANTIBIOTIC ERA - A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Post-Graduate Trainee Department of Internal Medicine, AGMC & GBP Hospital., Pavan Kumar Gatram , Bhaumik Pradip ,   Professor Department of Internal Medicine, AGMC & GBP Hospital., a Ramachandradasar ,   Post-Graduate Trainee Department of Radiodiagnosis, AGMC & GBP Hospital., Chakraborty Abhishek ,   Post-Graduate Trainee Department of Internal Medicine, AGMC & GBP Hospital.
Published: June 2022

Aortic aneurysm formation is a known complication of late syphilis. Here we report a case of37 year old female presented with breathlessness and chest pain.On evaluation ascending aorta aneurysm, descending aorta calcification and aortic regurgitation are identified, later on diagnosed to have syphilis. The diagnosis of the aortic aneurysm due to tertiary syphilis may be challenging due to deceptive clinical presentation and rarity of the disease because of widespread use of antibiotics for the management of earlier stages of syphilis.
Integración Territorial y Parlamento: La posición de la Cámara Alta en Sistemas Políticos Descentralizados
Authors: Casal Daniel
Published: June 2022

La elección que realizan los 79 países que mantienen un modelo parlamentario bicameral responde a factores históricos vinculados con la necesidad de articular esquemas de representación diferenciada para colectivos, sectores sociales o, en el caso de los países federales y políticamente descentralizados, para las entidades territoriales que lo conforman. En este sentido la cámara alta se convierte en un espacio de participación de las unidades federadas en la conformación de la voluntad política general. El artículo analiza 13 casos de extraordinaria relevancia para estudiar como los diferentes sistemas políticos han realizado la integración de sus territorios a través de la cámara alta de su poder legislativo. El paper, que incorpora el estudio de las características de la cámara, su composición y sus funciones constitucionales, permite apreciar que se trata de órganos parlamentarios moderadamente fragmentados, que incorporan funciones territoriales específicas cuanto menos directa es la representación y que mantienen sesgos elitistas hacia sus integrantes.
A Historical Example about which the Individual is Bartered Away to the Society: The Abuse of its Ancient Privileges, which were given to be Asserted by Fener Patrirchate
Authors: ATALAY Bülent
Published: June 2022

Türkiye’de cemiyetin ve dolayısıyla ferdin, din istismarı yapılarak cemaate fedadan da öte kurban edildiği tarihî bir gerçektir. Bu gerçeği görmek için sadece süreçte meydana gelen olaylara bakmak yeterlidir. Söz konusu olan mesele, Osmanlı toplum yapısı bakımından sadece Müslümanları değil, aynı zamanda Gayrimüslimleri de yakından ilgilendirmektedir. Ferdî hürriyet, devlet toplum ilişkilerinin laikleşmesi ve demokratikleşmesi bağlamında çok önemlidir. Buna bağlı olarak toplumun tam olarak laikleşememesi ve gelişmiş bir demokratik anlayışa ulaşılamamasında sorumluluk sadece Müslümanlara değil, Gayrimüslimlere ve özellikle Rum Ortodokslara da aittir.

Hatta denilebilir ki Gayrimüslimlerin özellikle Ortodoks Rumların sorumluluğu daha fazladır. Çünkü Müslümanlar, içtihat kavramını tam anlamıyla kavrayamadıklarından çağı değerlendirmekte geri kaldılar. Ortodoks Rumlara gelince, nicelik ve nitelik olarak Gayrimüslim tebaa içerisinde diğerlerine göre daha önemliydiler. Buna bağlı olarak sorumlulukları da daha fazlaydı. Türkiye’de ferdî hak ve hürriyetlerin çağdaş düzeye çıkarılmaya başlanmasının miladı kabul edilebilecek Tanzimat ve sonrasındaki sürece muhalefet, Sünnî Müslüman din adamlarından ziyade, Gayrimüslim Ruhban ve özellikle Ortodoks Rum Ruhbandan gelmiştir.

Bunun da sebebi Ortodoks tebaanın bir mensubu olmaktan değil, Fener Patrikhanesi’ne mensup ruhban olmaktan kaynaklanmıştır. Ortodoks Ruhban, sahip oldukları üstünlüklerini kaybetme endişesiyle sürekli tepki göstermiştir. Türkiye’de ıslahatlar Avrupa Devletleri’nin açık telkin, tavsiyeleri ve örtülü tehditlerinin gölgesinde gerçekleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Aynı Avrupa Devletleri’nin desteğini arkasına alan Fener Patrikhanesi ve dolayısıyla Ortodoks Rum Ruhban sınıf, ıslahatlara karşı çıkmışlardır. Bununla da kalmayarak uygulanmaması için ellerinden geleni yapmışlardır. Rum Ruhban sınıf muhalif davranırken, tarihî bir “tahterevalli” ya da bir “manivela” şeklinde kullanarak var olduğunu iddia, fakat ispat edemediği kadim imtiyazlarını oldukça mahir bir şekilde istismar etmiştir. Çalışmamızda bu husus mümkün olduğu kadar, imkânlar dâhilinde izah edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
ASSESSMENT OF α-AMYLASE INHIBITION ACTIVITY BY AN OPTIMIZED AND VALIDATED IN VITRO MICROSCALE METHOD
Authors: Granados-Guzmán Graciela , Alanís-Garza Blanca , Castro-Ríos Rocío , Waksman-Minsky Noemí , Salazar-Aranda Ricardo
Published: June 2022

Metabolic disorders, including hyperglycemia, characterize type-2 diabetes. One of the treatment methods used for postprandial hyperglycemia includes using potential therapeutic agents to inhibit α-amylase activity. This study utilized fractional design and the simplex method to optimize in vitro microscale assay inhibition conditions using Miller’s reaction. In addition, the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity was analyzed. Enzyme concentration of 0.15 U mL-1 and pre- and post-incubation times of 7.2 and 5.5 min, respectively, in water bath (15.6 min) equipment, were set up for optimized condition for the enzyme activity. Analytical validation was performed based on different international guidelines. Km was found to be 0.38 mg mL-1. Linearity was obtained at the acarbose concentration of 1.5 µg mL-1 and 5 µg mL-1. The IC50 for the positive control was found to be 0.6 µg mL-1. The relative standard deviation and Z value were found to be <4% and >0.93, respectively. Additionally, the optimized assay was applied to extracts from five different plants. Two plant extracts (Zanthoxylum fagara and Chrysactinia mexicana) inhibited α-amylase activity. The optimized and validated method was accurate, precise, and linear
The Controversy of Muhammad Baqir Ash-Sadr's Thoughts (Eastern Capitalist) with the Thoughts of Karl Marx and Max Weber (Western Capitalists) in the Context of Global Islamic Economic System
Authors: Desky Ahmed Fernanda
Published: June 2022

The fight in the globalization field between Eastern business people and Western industrialists shows strength for both. This article examines the improvement of Islamic financial matters in light of the contemplations of Muhammad Baqir Ash-Sadr, Karl Marx, and Max Weber in the humanistic perspective by taking a gander at the standards of worldwide Islamic financial matters in helping out a few non-Muslim nations. This research method uses library research, namely, taking information from books and scientific articles relevant to the problem to be answered. The consequences of this study show that the reasoning of Marx and Weber about the Islamic monetary framework encountering a decay was gone against by Muhammad Baiqr Sadr. That's what sadr censures if Marxism denies things connected with a powerful way of thinking; without anyone else, Marxism has isolated itself from things not related to science. The standards of Islamic lessons as the principal reason for making progress in business are demonstrated to have the option to contend worldwide. For instance, Saudi Aramco organizations, Islamic Development Bank (IDB), Qatar National Bank (QNB), Ooredoo, and the Fly Emirad Company are clear confirmations that they are huge organizations and impact financial backers in Western nations.
Rethinking the Position of Islam and Indonesianness Amid Hopes for the Emergence of Multipolar Powers
Authors: Baedhowi Baedhowi , Utomo Sigit Tri , Muanayah Nur Alfi
Published: June 2022

Globalization in the plurality of cultures and civilizations is a reality that cannot be denied in today's life. It's just that when the power played by the global world has been dominated by unipolar forces. What happens in it is an imbalance in various sectors of life, be it economic, political, socio-cultural, and physical-military. It is this unipolar power that, according to the author, is currently "forcing" the course of capitalistic-secularistic culture and civilization with the support of military power. From this kind of condition, it is necessary to create alternative multipolar energy to create global justice in the political, economic, and socio-cultural fields. In this short introduction, the author tries to reflect on and question our competitive position or our Islamic and Indonesian position during the siege of unipolar forces. This rethinking is a hope for the emergence of real multipolar power so that our position as a nation with the largest Muslim population can become a hope of contribution in offering culture and hope for the emergence of a new global ethic or spirituality for a new world order that is better for all parties.
Nursing research in Latin America: priorities and possible solutions to move it forward
Authors: Matagira Rondón Giselly , Agudelo Cifuentes Maite Catalina , Toupin Isabelle , Bergeron Dave
Published: June 2022

Nursing research has allowed for the evolution of the discipline in areas such as the study of the ontology of care, the organization of health services, the organization of schools and faculties, nursing education, and nursing interventions and practices. Although nursing research has been growing in Latin America, it does not compare with the research being conducted in other health disciplines, and the need for nursing research in the region is still great. This article is the result of a reflection on nursing research in Latin America and aims to identify some of the research priorities in this region and possible solutions. The main priorities for nursing research are related to nursing interventions and innovations. There is also a need for more research in partnership with vulnerable groups and further research on public policy needs, interprofessional collaboration and practice, and nursing human resource planning. To address these priorities, it will be necessary to facilitate the involvement of community stakeholders and clinical practice nurses as well as the development of collaborations between researchers from different Latin American countries. Considering the complexity and diversity of the contexts in which nurses in Latin America work, it will also be necessary to develop nursing theories specific to regional contexts. By implementing some of the solutions proposed in this article, it may be possible for nursing research to further develop its potential to address many health challenges in Latin America.
Control by the Special Services in the Communal Services of Leningrad and the Labor Discipline (1918 — beginning of the 1930s)
Authors:   Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Malinova-Tziafeta O. Yu.
Published: June 2022

The article examines tense relations between the state, managers, and employees of industrial enterprises, concretely at the Vodokanalizatsiya Trust. The trust was engaged in the design, construction, and operation of water supply and sewage systems, the most important systems for modernizing urban space in the whole of Europe. Technological innovations were to be followed by social changes that could have their own specific traits in relation to other enterprises, since the trust did not belong to any of the most important branches of Soviet industry. Materials from the Central State Archives of St. Petersburg regarding activities of this department in the “Vodokanalizatsiya” trust show that a so-called Secret Department (Sekretnaya chast) or Secret Police, a branch of the OGPU — NKVD, gradually began to play an increasingly important role in managing these enterprises. Through these Secret Departments, new principles of hiring and dismissal from work, as well as imposing disciplinary sanctions, were introduced in the late 1920s. The special attention of the Secret Department was received by so-called “former people,” as well as by representatives of peoples. All this took place under conditions of an acute shortage of skilled labor in Leningrad. Thus, the state’s interests in economic development came into conflict with other interests, which in state literature are labelled as “ideological” and are rarely analyzed in detail. The article discusses the real case of anti-Soviet agitation, of which the central figure was a worker in the communal services of Leningrad. Thus, the role of the OGPU — NKVD in the development of the Soviet industry in the 1930s is studied using the example of the Vodokanalizatsiya Trust.
Stakhanov Movement in the Forest Industry Complex of the Soviet Union: Сomprehension of the Phenomenon
Authors:   Institute of Technology — Branch of the National Nuclear University MEPhI, Zykin I. V.
Published: June 2022

In the Soviet forest industry during modernization in the 1930s, enterprises were built and advanced equipment and technologies were introduced, and at the same time heavy physical work of “free-bodied”, seasonal workers, rural residents, special residents, and prisoners was used on a wide scale. The weak level of development of certain components of the forest industry, the need to develop production facilities, and improving the organization of labor led to the introduction of various competitive forms of labor, including the Stakhanovite movement, which was born in 1935. The People’s Commissariat of the Forest Industry began to actively advocate for the use of Stakhanovism in their enterprises to implement annual plans and to mechanize production processes. Exceeding standards by workers did take place, but this was achieved mainly due to the long preparation at sites, the provision of necessary resources, the performance of certain types of work, and the increase of labor loads. The “best” workers managed to improve their social statuses, wages, and housing and living conditions and to receive awards. The potential of the Stakhanovite movement was limited by the weak level of its organization, and the employees’ sometimes negative attitude to this form of competition, as well as by problems of remuneration and distributing resources. Short-term labor “records” were followed by decline. As a result, there were no significant changes in worker productivity in the Soviet forest industry. In pulp and paper, plywood, and cardboard industries, labor productivity was connected primarily with the development of capacities of enterprises put into operation during the first and second five-year plans.
“Rise and Fall” of the Senior Investigator of the MGB of the USSR M. D. Ryumin
Authors:   Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mozokhin O. B.
Published: June 2022

Drawing on new archival documents recently released into circulation, this article investigates the decision-making mechanism of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU regarding the reform of state security bodies in the early 1950s. The reason for this was the statement of the senior investigator of the Investigative unit for particularly important cases of the MGB of the USSR, M. D. Ryumin, who signaled the unfavorable situation in the Ministry of State Security. This contributed to V. S. Abakumov’s removal from office and arrest. A number of other leaders of the MGB were also arrested. In October 1951, by decree of the Soviet Council of Ministers, M. D. Ryumin was appointed Deputy Minister of State Security, member of the Board of the MGB, and head of the investigative unit of the MGB. However, a year later, he was suspended from work in the Ministry of State Security for failing to solve the “Abakumov case” and “the doctors’ case”, and was sent to the Central Committee of the CPSU. Later he was appointed to the post of senior controller of the Ministry of State Control of the USSR. After Stalin’s death, Ryumin was arrested in July 1954 for falsifying investigative materials, torturing prisoners, and committing other offenses. By the decision of the Military Board of the Supreme Court of the USSR, he was executed.
“Married to a Foreigner”: A Chance of Not Returning to the Post-War USSR
Authors:   Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ablazhey N. N.
Published: June 2022

This essay investigates marriages between displaced Soviet citizens and foreigners, in the context of problems of repatriation to the USSR after World War II, especially given previous policies on foreigners and persons without citizenship, as well as legislation on international marriages. The article analyses marriage statistics for 1945–1948, collected by the Soviet repatriation services, and the registration mechanisms and practices of repatriation for this category of citizens. Based on materials of the Office for Repatriation under the Council of People’s Commissars/Council of Ministers of the USSR, the legal framework for managing international marriages and specific steps to counteract the change of citizenship and repatriation to the USSR by persons who married foreigners are analysed to show how the USSR sought to complete repatriation from controlled countries of Eastern Europe, demanding that satellites assist in the registration and removal of all Soviet citizens. Real practice was based on maneuvering between prohibitions of international marriages and their legitimation, which made it possible to optimize repatriation, while levelling out massive departures from the country. The decision of the Soviet government of 24 July, 1945, endorsed by Stalin, authorising marriages with foreigners made during the war, and this remained in effect until the adoption of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from 15 February, 1947, banning them. The USSR did not manage to avoid new mass emigration following the war, including to countries of Eastern Europe. However, Soviet citizenship was imposed on some “defectors” that potentially made it possible to control this population.
Rethinking History: Projects of the Rosa Luxemburg Foundation’s Branch in Russian Federation
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Frolova I. V. , Kaiser K. ,   Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung in der Russischen Föderation,, Maurer A.
Published: June 2022

This article explores a number of projects of the Russian branch of the Rosa Luxemburg Foundation dedicated to historical memory. Key directions and principles of the Foundation’s activities are characterized, in which the theme of commemoration of prominent figures of the left movement occupies a significant place. The article analyses Russian translations and publications of Michael Brie, supported by the Foundation and motivated by a desire to rethink important milestones in Russian and German history from scholarly and practical points of view. It also examines deeds of great personalities such as Vladimir Lenin and Rosa Luxemburg. The authors discuss not only methods and techniques of exploring biographical material, but also about the relevance of Lenin and Luxemburg’s ideas to present-day thinkers. Securing positions of Lenin and Luxemburg’s works in historical memory is vital and various forms of visualization play a significant role in this — the publication of an annotated catalog of Lenin’s photographs, preparation of the exhibition for the anniversary of Rosa Luxemburg, the release of Luxemburg’s biography in comic book form, as well as presentations regularly held in the office of the Moscow bureau of the Foundation. The Foundation has repeatedly supported major scholarly events dedicated to the anniversaries of both Lenin and Luxemburg. Everyone has the opportunity to be acquainted with the collections’ materials, and thanks to the support of the Foundation, books are distributed free of charge.
New Economic Policy in Siberia and Letters to Authorities
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Gavrilova O. A.
Published: June 2022

The article describes the collection of documents “Letters to the Authorities in the Years of the New Economic Policy”, prepared by Novosibirsk historians and dedicated to the New Economic Policy in Siberia. Researchers extracted from various archives letters, statements, complaints, and petitions from residents of cities and villages sent to various government structures. These documents make it possible to more fully and adequately characterize the state of society and the authorities in Siberia, to seek the presence or absence of dialogue between them, and to assess the degree of political adaptation of various social strata to the Soviet regime in the 1920s. At the same time, the documents make it possible to identify problems that the population regularly faced and to see reactions of the authorities to the changing mood of society. The new documents provide an opportunity for an in-depth study of a number of problems facing the country as a whole and its individual regions. These include labor desertion, which intensified at the time of the transition of Soviet Russia from war communism to the new economic policy; the “Chinese question”, which for a number of reasons had its own specificity precisely on the territory of Siberia; party purges; and the authorities’ methods for dealing with political opponents. The inner-party struggle of the 1920s, which is simplified in the literature, deserves special elaboration. Research in this direction will make it possible to determine the internal structure of opposition groups, their numbers, and forms of political struggle.