bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 8 genes polymorphisms with house dust mite-induced nasal-bronchial allergy in a sample of Indian patients
Authors: Dey Debarati , Mondal Priti , Moitra Saibal , Saha Goutam Kumar , Podder Sanjoy
Published: September 2022

Background

Genetic background of nasal-bronchial allergy (NBA) is well documented. House Dust Mites (HDMs) are reported to elicit NBA symptoms. Susceptibility to HDM sensitization varies considerably from person to person. Interleukin 6 (IL 6) and Interleukin 8 (IL 8) are studied previously for genetic association with several diseases. To the best of our knowledge, the genetic association of HDM-induced NBA has not been largely reported from India. The aim of our present study was to evaluate any possible association of IL 6 and IL 8 gene polymorphisms with HDM-induced NBA in an Indian population.

Methods

IL 6 (− 572G/C, − 597G/A) and IL 8 polymorphisms (− 251A/T, + 781C/T) were analyzed in a HDM-sensitized group (N = 372) and a control group (N = 110). Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) based genotyping was done. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact tests were applied for statistical analysis.

Results

IL 6 − 597G/A and IL 8 + 781C/T were not associated with HDM-sensitization, while IL 6 − 72G/C and IL 8 − 51A/T showed significant associations in terms of both genotype and allele frequencies. For both the SNPs, minor allele frequencies were significantly higher in the patients compared to the control. Moreover, IL 6 -572G/C and IL 8 -251A/T were found to be strongly linked with HDM sensitization and severity.

Conclusion

This is probably the pioneer study to describe the association of IL 6 and IL 8 polymorphisms with HDM sensitization in any Indian population. The results suggested that IL 6 -572G/C and IL 8 -251A/T may exert a risk of HDM sensitization leading to NBA.
Readiness as a precursor of early implementation outcomes: an exploratory study in specialty clinics
Authors: Livet Melanie , Blanchard Carrie , Richard Chloe
Published: September 2022

Background

Readiness has been identified as an essential precursor of successful implementation. However, evidence supporting its value is sparse. Empirical studies exploring the relationship between the application of readiness interventions, readiness levels, and implementation outcomes are lacking. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of a readiness intervention (based on increases in readiness levels, changes in early implementation outcomes (i.e., acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, and intent to adopt), and qualitative insights into the types of perceived outcomes) and (2) to assess the role of readiness as a predictor of these early implementation outcomes.

Methods

Seven healthcare specialty clinics engaged in a structured process to assess and build readiness for implementing a comprehensive medication management (CMM) service over a 10-month period. A mixed methods approach, which included surveys with healthcare stakeholders at each clinic (N = 27) and interviews with the lead pharmacists (N = 7), was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the readiness intervention (aim 1). Survey data were also used to conduct multiple regression models to assess the role of readiness as a predictor of early acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, and intent to adopt CMM (aim 2).

Results

Significantly higher readiness levels, as well as higher scores on acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, and intent to adopt, were reported as a result of engaging in the readiness intervention. However, upon closer examination, the direction of this association seemed to be dependent on the type of clinic. Qualitative data on the types of perceived outcomes resulting from engaging in the readiness intervention provided further insights into the potential reasons for these findings. Furthermore, post-readiness levels predicted between 44 and 68% of the variance in the early implementation outcomes. When accounting for clinic membership, readiness remained critical for service acceptability, feasibility, and intent to adopt but not for appropriateness.

Conclusion

These findings provide insights into the relationship between use of a readiness intervention, readiness levels, and early implementation outcomes. Engaging healthcare settings in a readiness intervention was beneficial in ways more complex than a simple positive linear relationship, highlighting the opportunity to broaden its purpose and expand definitions of readiness success. In addition, the importance of readiness levels in predicting early implementation outcomes, while critical, also seems to be highly dependent on context, particularly for appropriateness (fit).
The effect of asset and liability management on the financial performance of microfinance institutions: evidence from sub-Saharan African region
Authors: Abebe Mulualem Getahun
Published: September 2022

This study applies statistical cost accounting method to a sample of 106 sub-Saharan African microfinance institutions (MFIs) during 2014–2018 to investigate the relationship between asset-liability management and financial performance. The result shows that the composition of assets and liabilities has both positive and negative effects on the returns of the MFIs in the sample. Net loan portfolio, other current financial liabilities and MFI size are significantly and positively related to return on assets of listed MFIs. Deposits, borrowings and other liabilities, on the other hand, are significantly and negatively related to financial performance. Overall, the study suggests that adequate attention needs to be paid to asset-liability management to ensure better financial performance.
Effect of the concrete cover thickness ratio on the post-yield stiffness of bridge columns with partially unbonded unstressed steel strands
Authors: Ou Yu-Chen , Wu Jhen-Wei , Pratiwi Ade Yuniati
Published: September 2022

A new self-centering concrete bridge column has been developed by the authors. The proposed bridge column uses unstressed partially unbonded seven-wire steel strands as elastic elements to reduce the residual displacement of the column after a strong earthquake. This research aimed to study the effect of concrete cover thickness ratio on the cyclic behavior of the proposed column. Four large-scale column specimens were tested using lateral cyclic loading. One column was the conventional concrete bridge column. The other three columns were the proposed self-centering bridge columns with varying concrete cover thickness ratios. Test results showed that partial unbonding effectively prevented the strands from yielding. The proposed columns showed post-yield stiffness ratios higher than the conventional column. The concrete cover thickness ratio did not significantly influence the hysteretic energy dissipation and the strain responses of longitudinal reinforcement. However, it had a significant impact on the post-yield stiffness ratio. The post-yield stiffness ratio of the proposed column tended to be inversely proportional to the concrete cover thickness ratio. A relationship was proposed between the concrete cover thickness ratio and the post-yield stiffness ratio for the preliminary design of the proposed column. Based on the relationship, the cover concrete thickness ratio should not exceed 5.1% to achieve a post-yield stiffness ratio of at least 5%, as recommended in the literature to control the residual displacement of a column.
Analysis of Delayed Surgery and Clinical Outcomes in Intermediate- and High-risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Zhou Huijun , Wu Jie , Shi Lei , Wang Yu , Liu Bin
Published: September 2022

Context

The optimal timing to performing thyroid surgery following a diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has yet to be fully defined.

Objective

We aimed to examine if a delayed surgery may worsen the clinical outcome of PTC patients with intermediate- to high-risk of recurrence.

Methods

All consecutive PTC patients with intermediate- to high-risk of recurrence who underwent total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation at 3 tertiary hospitals in southwest China were retrospectively included. Excellent response at 1-year follow-up after initial therapy was defined as no clinical, imaging, or biochemical evidence of PTC. Association of the timing of surgery and excellent response rates.

Results

The study included 871 patients. The median time interval between PTC diagnosis and surgery was 2 months (range, 1-87 months). Patients were divided according to the timing of surgery, < 6 months (group A, 624/871 [71.6%]), ≥ 6 to 11 months (group B, 123/871 [14.1%]), or ≥ 12 months (group C, 124/871 [14.2%]). One year after initial therapy, 64.7%, 71.5%, and 66.1% of patients in groups A, B, and C, respectively, achieved excellent response (P = 0.27). The lack of impact of surgery timing was observed across intermediate- to high-risk classifications and all T stage categories. These findings did not change when we separately analyzed the groups according to RAI dose (intermediate-dose group: ≤ 3.7 GBq [n = 654], and high-activity group: 5.5 GBq [n = 217]) further subdivided according to the timing of surgery.

Conclusion

Timing of surgery does not seem to affect short-term disease outcomes in intermediate- to high-risk PTC patients. Further research is necessary to assess the impact of delayed surgery on long-term prognosis.
role of obstetricians and neonatologists in childcare in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Borowik Joanna , Kaziród Karolina , Brodowski Wojciech , Miturski Andrzej , Semczuk-Sikora Anna
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused numerous changes to the healthcare system, including care for the newborns.

Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to create a clear set of recommendations used in the care of a newborn during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

State of knowledge: Despite the low risk of infection of the newborn in utero or during vaginal delivery, in rare cases there is a possibility of vertical transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Every newborn baby whose mother has been diagnosed with COVID-19 disease should be screened for infection. Suspected neonates should be isolated from healthy children and kept in quarantine until the test result is obtained. It is essential to constantly monitor your baby's health and be alert to any possible signs of infection. Medical personnel should ensure adequate protection when handling an infected newborn. A healthy infant whose mother is SARS-Cov-2 positive may be discharged home provided it is looked after by a healthy caregiver.

Summary: New patterns of management in maternity and neonatal departments are associated with changes that may have a significant impact on the mother-child relationship. When making decisions aimed at reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it is necessary to seek solutions taking into account the needs of this particular group of patients.
Agreement Between Different Nutritional Assessments Tools Used for Elderly Hospitalized Patients
Authors: A. Naser Ihab , Abushabab Ahmed M. , Abu Tair Ayman S. , M. Almasri Ihab
Published: September 2022

Nutrition assessment enables early diagnosis of patients at risk of malnutrition and those who are already malnourished. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the agreement between Mini Nutrition Assessment (MNA) and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) as tools for nutritional assessment against the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) among elderly hospitalized patients. One hundred and fifty hospitalized elderly patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All elderly hospitalized patients aged 65 years who were admitted into medical and surgical departments and signed the consent form were recruited for the study. Socio-demographic and socioeconomic data, medical and nutritional characteristics, anthropometric measurements, biochemical measurements, SGA, MNA, and GNRI were collected from all respondents. The study was approved by the local Helsinki Committee (PHRC/HC/721/20). According to SGA, MNA, and GNRI results, 52.7%, 20.7%, and 4% of hospitalized elderly patients were suffering from malnutrition, respectively. More than half of the respondents were obese. All measured anthropometric parameters in the malnutrition group in all nutritional assessment tools were significantly lower than the non-malnutrition group. With reference to the SGA; the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for the GNRI were 0.075, 1, 1, and 0.493, respectively, while those for the MNA were 0.354, 0.957, 0.903, and 0.571, respectively. The AUC of the GNRI was comparable to that of the MNA (0.711 and 0.860, respectively). Moreover, the optimal malnutrition cutoff value for the GNRI and MNA was 108.919 and 21.75, respectively. Results of this study indicated that elderly patients were suffering from different degrees of malnutrition and unfortunately they are undetected. GNRI and MNA show low sensitivity and NPV. Both the GNRI and MNA have a high Area Under the Curve (AUC), thus enabling the discovery of malnutrition in patients. The newly emerging cutoff points of GNRI and MNA for the Palestinian elderly indicated the highest sensitivity and specificity values than the original cutoff points.
Effect of Drying and Maturity on the Antioxidant Properties of the Blueberry (Vaccinium Floribundum Kurth) from the Ecuadorian Moorland and Sensory Evaluation of its Infusion
Authors: Ruilova Ma. Bernarda , Niño-Ruiz Zulay M. , Arias-Toro Daniel , Ruilova Patrício Sandoval
Published: September 2022

The mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum) is characterized by its high content of polyphenols and anthocyanins, as well as high antioxidant activity. This research analyzed the effect of drying (convection drying and lyophilization) together with the degree of ripeness (50% and 100%) on the fruit’s antioxidant properties. Additionally, a sensory evaluation of an infusion prepared with the dried product was conducted. The treatment consisting of lyophilization and 100% ripeness had the highest values for polyphenols and anthocyanins, 4733.50 mg of gallic acid/100 g DW and 778.70 mg of cyanidin 3-glucoside chloride / 100 g DW, respectively. The ascorbic acid content was highest in the treatment with lyophilization and 50% ripeness, with 69.50 mg / 100 g DW. The antioxidant activity for the treatments with 100% ripeness had similar results for convection drying and lyophilization, 87.28 and 88.62 mmol TE / kg DW, respectively. An infusion was made from the dried mortiño product and subjected to a sensory evaluation from a panel of tasters. The samples with 100% ripeness, regardless of the drying method, received a “Like very much” qualification for color, aroma, and taste attributes. Testing for antioxidant activity, it was found that between 2.5 to 3.5 % of the original antioxidant content is transferred to the infusion. The findings suggest that mortiño can be used in the preparation of an infusion with functional properties, creating an opportunity for the local communities of venturing into this crop for industrial purposes.
Prevalence of Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating Attitudes in Students in Arab Countries: A Scoping Review
Authors: Albrahim Tarfa , A. Alrubaish Anwar , S. Alfadhliah Jewaher T.
Published: September 2022

Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder represent the specific eating disorders. Although eating disorders (EDs) are a rare psychiatric problem globally, millions of people are exposed to severe health consequences including impairments in health, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life. Young people and adolescents, particularly females, are associated with a higher rate of disordered eating attitudes and EDs than the general population. The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview or map of ED and disordered eating attitude prevalence in students in Arab countries, both female and male, and to identify contributing factors. Arksey and O’Malley’s six-stage framework for scoping reviews was used to guide the process, which returned a total of 20 relevant articles covering 12 of the 22 member countries in the League of Arab States. The average prevalence of ED was 31.4% in a sample of 17,679 students aged 12-33, with a range from 9.6% to 74.5%. Prevalence was higher in female students compared to male students, and the key contributing factors included age, gender, BMI, eating habits, and academic attainment. Given the limitations of this scoping review, especially the lack of a formal critical appraisal process for the included articles, future systematic reviews can use it as a baseline, while empirical researchers and policymakers might pursue its preliminary conclusions.
Metagenomic Analysis for Indigenous Microbial Diversity in Soaking Process of making Tempeh Jack beans (Canavalia ensiformis)
Authors: Yarlina Vira Putri , Andoyo Robi , Djali Mohammad , Lani Mohd Nizam
Published: September 2022

Jack Beans are a type of high-protein legume that can produce high nutritional value. One of the processed superfoods from Jack beans is tempeh. Soaking is essential in making tempeh as a pre-fermentation process utilizing microbial enzymes to increase product nutrition. The metagenomic analysis is a novel technique to know microbial communities based on culture-independent microorganisms. This study aims to determine the diversity of microbes in the soaking process at 12 hours and 24 hours. This analysis found ten OTUs genera, namely Prevotella, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Saccharofermentants, Klebsiella, Pantoea, and Acinetobacter. Phylum Firmicutes is dominant in the soaking of Jack beans with a difference of 53.24% 12 h soaking time and 47.89% 24 h soaking time. This finding contributes to controlling the quality production of making tempeh.
Optimization of Phenolic Compounds Extraction from Wood Apple (Limonia Acidissima L.) Fruit using Experimental Design Methodology
Authors: Singhania Nisha , Barmanray Aradhita
Published: September 2022

Wood apple is an underexploited edible fruit, that contains a myriad of phytochemicals and is used in ethnomedicine to treat a variety of diseases. This research uses Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize phenolic compound extraction as significantly (p<0.01) influenced by various solvents and extraction conditions including solvent concentration (50-100%), temperature (30-60 oC) and time (2-5 hr) as independent variables, and extraction yield, phenolic content and DPPH activity as dependent variables. The optimal extraction conditions obtained were: methanol (81.46% concentration, 53oC temperature for 3.3 hr); ethanol (73.04% concentration, 45oC temperature for 3.58 hr); acetone (50% concentration, 43.48 oC temperature for 3.06 hr) and ethyl acetate (99% concentration, 49.5oC temperature for 2 hr). The maximum extraction yield (38.14%) along with DPPH activity (80.85%) were observed using methanol, and phenolic content (248.84 mg GAE/g) using acetone. The phenolic compounds (gallic, syringic, vanillic acid etc.) in optimised solvent extract were quantified using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC-UV).
UAE University Students’ Dietary Practices and Lifestyles at Times of Covid-19: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: A. Takshe Aseel , El Khatib Rami , Contu Davide , Shehaiber Samir Nael , Alkaabi Mohammed
Published: September 2022

We examined the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on university students’ dietary practices and lifestyles. In this study, the term “dietary practices” refers to people’s choice in food consumption, whereas “lifestyles” refers to their overall habits including both diet and exercise. We followed a quantitative approach through a cross sectional study and collected data from 475 university students in the UAE by means of an online survey. The results of this study indicated that a majority (67%) of the surveyed students seem to have changed their dietary practice for the better and were making healthier life choices. Additionally, it appears that students started leading more active, healthier lifestyles by incorporating exercise in their daily routine. The research concludes with initial suggestions and implications for healthcare practitioners and providing them with information regarding how younger adults in the UAE have behaved during a pandemic. Understanding the results from similar studies will help the health authorities in reshaping policies on nutrition in anticipation of any future pandemics.
The Development of Moringa oleifera Leaves Cereal Using Full Cream and Soy Milk as Fillers.
Authors: Rani Karina Citra , Parfati Nani , Eka Jayani Nikmatul Ikhrom , Evelina Tan Sherly , Christianto Cherry
Published: September 2022

Moringa oleifera leaves powder can be fortified to improve the nutritional values and health benefits of several food products including cereal. This research aimed to obtain an optimized formula for Moringa oleifera cereal which was produced through the wet granulating method. This powder was developed into four cereal formulas. F1 and F2 use full cream milk as filler combined with 1.5% and 2% xanthan gum respectively. F3 and F4 use a combination of full cream milk and soy milk as a filler with 1.5% and 2% xanthan gum concentration. The effect of xanthan gum concentration and type of milk also were evaluated to the physical granule characteristics, reconstituted physical and chemical characteristics, as well as the Indonesian national standard (SNI) 01-4270-199 for the cereals, were also analyzed. The four formulas performed excellent granule flow characteristics with suitable dispersion time, pH, viscosity, and flow behavior. Xanthan gum concentration, filler type, and interaction between these components significantly influenced the cereal viscosity (p < 0.05). However, formulas 2 and 4 which used 2% xanthan gum exhibited higher viscosity (333,75 cps and 305 cps) and dispersion stability (F=1). These formulas were further evaluated for cereal quality requirements based on SNI 01-4270-199 for cereals. The combination of full cream-soy milk and 2% xanthan gum exhibited a positive impact on the proximate content. Therefore, from these results, it can be concluded that Formula 4 was the recommended formula. However, these components are required to be optimized in further study to meet the SNI requirements of crude fiber, water, and fat content.
Effects of Storage, Prepration and Heat Treatment on WaterSoluble Vitamins and Minerals of Sauropus Androgynous
Authors: M. Nguyet Nguyen T. , T. Thuy Dang , N. Tuan Nguyen , T. Quoc Le P.
Published: September 2022

Sauropus androgynous is a green leafy vegetable in Vietnam. The proximate main compositions (protein, lipid, ash, and fiber) in leaves were 24.05±0.87, 4.20±0.02, 8.74±0.24, 7.21±1.19% dry weight (DW). This study aimed to determine the change of water-soluble vitamins and minerals of this vegetable plant when stored in polythene bags at a temperature of 6.2±2.89 C and moisture 49±13.23% and thermal processing. Throughout the storage period, the sample assessment results by High-Performance Liquid Chromography (HPLC) method revealed that, except for vitamin B3, almost water-soluble vitamins of S. androgynous tend to lose around 50% of their weight after 8-days in the refrigerator. After two days of storage, vitamin B3 increased substantially (123.39±19.45 mg/100g DW versus 203.75±3.94 mg/100g DW), then decreased slightly after every two days. The modification of minerals determined by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry IPC-MS method in S. androgynous plant leaves occurred similarly over 8 days of storage. All the plant leaves were boiled in water for 15 min at 90-100 C with two-way pretreatments: rub and non-rub the leaves. All analyzed vitamins and minerals have decreased, but no significant differences between samples were treated in two different ways before thermal processing concerning several vitamins and minerals.
Physicochemical, Phytochemical, and Shelf-Life Studies of a Functional Jelly from Banana (Musa paradisiaca) and Malaysian Stingless Bee Honey (Trigona sp.)
Authors: Nasyriq Anuar Mohd Nur , Zakaria Nor Hafizah , Ibrahim Muhammad , Abdul Majid Fadzilah Adibah
Published: September 2022

With rising interest in health and nutrition, the demand for functional food is increasing. Therefore, M. paradisiaca and Trigona sp. honey jelly (MTJ) was formulated in the present study to introduce a healthy ready-to-eat product into the market. The MTJ was assessed for proximate analyses, pH, total soluble solids (TSS) and texture profile analysis (TPA). Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were also measured. Shelf life was estimated for five months with different packaging materials (aluminum and polypropylene) and storage conditions (4°C and 26°C). The results showed that MTJ has a high carbohydrate content (79.01 ± 0.23%), adequate amount of protein (7.07 ± 0.37%), low-fat content (0.1 ± 0.03%), and supplied 345.22 kcal/100 g of gross energy. Other results found moisture content (14.09 ± 0.95%), ash content (0.38 ± 0.03%), fiber (not detected), pH 5.07 ± 0.12 and TSS (78.33 ± 0.29°Brix). The TPA revealed valuable insights into physical properties of MTJ which are hardness (15.27 ± 1.11 N), adhesiveness (-416.14 ± 82.98 g.sec), cohesiveness (0.88 ± 0.00), springiness (0.85 ± 0.02 mm), chewiness (11.54 ± 1.13 N), gumminess (13.48 ± 0.94 N) and resilience (0.69 ± 0.02). The TPC was 18.30 ± 2.67 (mg GAE/100g), and the TFC was 0.35 ± 0.02 (mg CEQ/100 g), showing that the MTJ contains a comparable antioxidant content. Shelf-life study showed that the CFU values of SPC for the MTJ were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control jellies. For YMC, the CFU values for MTJ were also significantly higher than the control jellies (p < 0.05) from month 0 to 3 but started to decrease from month 4 to 5. Although the colonies were detected in the MTJ, the CFU values were still within the limit allowed and safe to be consumed for up to five months. Overall results reveal the prospective of MTJ as a functional jelly based on its sufficient nutritional properties with satisfactory shelf life. Further benefits from this study could contribute to the commercial valorization of the local fruit and honey, thereby preventing post-harvest losses, improving local income, and promoting sustainable food development.
Human Health Risk Assessment through the Detection of Organochlorine Pesticides in Vegetables and fruits from Dhaka, Bangladesh by Gas Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)
Authors: Hasan G. M. M. Anwarul , Das Anuj Kumer , A. Satter Mohammed
Published: September 2022

This study investigated the levels of Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in vegetables and fruits from local markets of Dhaka, Bangladesh using Gas Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and analyzed the possible health risks of peoples through consumption of those fruits and vegetables. A total of 100 vegetables and 100 fruits samples were analyzed and 45% of vegetable samples and 40% of fruit samples were found to be contaminated with OCPs residues. Aldrin, p,p-DDE (Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene), Cis-Chordane, p,p-DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), Endrin, α-Endosulfan and Lindane-I were detected in vegetable samples while Aldrin, p,p-DDE, p,p-DDT, α-Endosulfan and Lindane-I were detected in fruit samples. The HI (Hazard Risk Index) values of Aldrin, p,p-DDE, Cis-Chordane, p,p-DDT, Endrin, α-Endosulfan and Lindane-I in vegetables were 0.1096, 0.0066, 0.3964, 0.0088, 0.1532, 0.8828 and 0.0198 respectively while HI values of Aldrin, p,p-DDE, p,p-DDT, α-Endosulfan and Lindane-I in fruit samples were 0.0155, 0.0005, 0.0002, 0.0339, 0.0019 respectively. The average concentration of detected OCPs residues were below the FAO’s recommended maximum residue limits (MRL). It is therefore concluded that, even though OCPs residues are below the maximum tolerance value but, continuous accumulation in consumer body through consumption of such vegetables and fruits may lead to chronic effects.
Study of Protein Concentrate from Flying Fish Roe Filament and its Application for Nutrified Rice-Corn Milk
Authors: Wahyudi Vritta Amroini , Harini Noor , Manshur Hanif Alamudin , Wachid Mochammad , Aini Afifah Nuril
Published: September 2022

One of the interesting marine products to be explored is flying fish (Hirundichthys oxycephalus) roes. The flying fish roe is usually called tobiko. The aim of this study is to extract protein from tobiko filaments using an isoelectric point approach, analyze their chemical properties, and apply them to the nutrification of rice-corn milk. Extraction of tobiko filaments using an isoelectric point approach resulted in an optimal pH of 8.5 based on the protein content (73.52 ± 0.07 %). Extraction under alkaline conditions (pH 8.5) resulted in a protein concentrate yield of 9.04% and an insoluble portion of 69.79%. That protein concentrate showed 15 amino acid, leucin (5.86 ± 0.01%), lycin (3.69 ± 0.02%), valin (3.41 ± 0.02%), isoleucine (3.33 ± 0.01%), threonine (2.86 ± 0.01%), phenylalanine (2.30 ± 0.02%), histidine (1.38 ± 0.01%), and methionine (1.21 ± 0.01%), glutamate (7.08 ± 0.01%), arginine (6.11 ± 0.01%), alanine (3.82 ± 0.01%), aspartic acid (3.75 ± 0.01%), serine (3.05 ± 0.02%), glycine (1.84 ± 0.01%), and tyrosine (1.46 ± 0.01%). The addition of protein concentrate from tobiko filament showed an increase in protein content in rice-corn milk so the purpose of nutrification in this study was successful. The best formulation is in the composition of rice: corn: protein concentrate (15:5:3%) with details of moisture content 65.07 ± 0.02%, ash content 0.50 ± 0.01%, the lipid content 0.28 ± 0.02%, the protein content 21.18 ± 0.02 %, the carbohydrate content 12.95 ± 0.02%, with a total energy 278.13 ± 0.03 kcal.
Cold Plasma Treatment Concerning Quality and Safety of Food: A Review
Authors: Bora Jinku , Khan Tooba , Mahnot Nikhil Kumar
Published: September 2022

In the past years, cold plasma was only used in the sterilization of materials but today it has marked major applications in the food sector as well. Cold plasma is a modern green technology or an eco-friendly process, which is used in microbial decontamination of foods and their products like fruits, vegetables, dairy and meat products. As cold plasma consists of reactive ions species and not any hazardous chemicals, which could adversely affect human health, it has gained much importance and it is widely acceptable to consumers. The technology helps in providing safe and nutritious foods with minimal effect in quality. For information collection on cold plasma treatment, we have majorly considered recent and original research work by the scientific community. Major emphasis was on the implication of cold plasma treatment on the different food groups viz. cereals, dairy, meat, fish, eggs, and poultry products, nuts, seeds, fruits and vegetables and spices and herbs. The intent of this review is to bring forth microbial inactivation mechanism and decontamination efficacies upon cold plasma interaction on various food groups. Further, key insights on the quality impact on plasma treatment is evaluated and thereon implicating key consideration for selecting cold plasma technology for any food or food products.
Association Between Menus’ Calorie Labels and Students’ Food Choices: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bawazeer Nahla Mohammed , Alwagait Enas Fahad , Alzanan Ruba Ibrahim , Almustafa Duaa Zaki , Aladalah Ghadah Ahmed , Alsubhi Fton Abdulrahman , Alsubhi Fton Abdulrahman , Almutairi Shahad Abdullah , Benajiba Nada
Published: September 2022

A policy that mandates posting calorie information on monitors and printed menus in restaurants was implemented in Saudi Arabia in 2018. This may help consumers make healthier decisions. This study assessed the level of awareness regarding calorie labeling on menus and its association with restaurant food choices among Saudi university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted using 400 female Saudi students at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh. Pregnant or lactating students or those who had any dietary restrictions were excluded. An online self-administered questionnaire regarding demographic characteristics, awareness of calorie labeling, and restaurant food choices were used. Pearson’s and MaNemar’s chi-square tests, the odds ratio, and multivariate binary logistic regression were used in the analysis. While 73.5% of the students noticed the calorie labeling on the restaurant’s menus, only 24% of students read it carefully. No statistically significant association was observed between the awareness of calorie labeling and food selection. Comparing good versus poor awareness about labels, 67.7% versus 49% of participants change their food selections based on the calorie information on the menus (p < 0.0007), and 77.8% versus 22.2% select items with fewer calories (p < 0.001). Calorie labeling may be an effective method for improving food choices among those who have an awareness of such and use calorie information. Nevertheless, public health education campaigns are needed to increase awareness of calorie requirements and the value of calorie labeling on restaurant menus.
Functional and Biochemical Properties of some Economically Important Edible Seaweeds
Authors: Kumari Sushma , Singh Kamleshwar , Kushwaha Pratibha , Kumar K. Suresh
Published: September 2022

We evaluated the functional properties and nutritional composition of six dried commercially valuable edible seaweeds Porphyra sp., Undaria pinnatifida, Saccharina sp., Hizikia fusiformis, Gracilaria sp., and Sargassum sp. in the current study. The proximate composition of the dried seaweeds revealed that Porphyra sp. had a high total crude protein content (38.58 ± 0.16 %) followed by Undaria sp. (23.03 ± 0.30%), Saccharina sp. (11.39 ± 0.09%), H. fusiformis (18.77 ± 0.01%), Gracilaria sp. (18.30 ± 0.13%), and Sargassum sp. (13.56 ± 0.04%). Fatty acid profiling showed high MUFA content in Sargassum sp. (1.09 %); this seaweed also contained 0.84% saturated fatty acid and 0.48% PUFA. On the other hand, U. pinnatifida was rich in macro elements (297.57 ± 11.09 mg/100g) and Gracilaria sp. had high micromineral content (6397.35 ± 89.42 µg/100g). Functional properties of the powdered seaweed were also evaluated. The water–holding capacity of Porphyra sp. (8.82 ± 0.40 g water/g algal sample) was better than H. fusiformis (6.22 ± 0.30 g water/g algal sample). Oil holding capacity of Gracilaria sp. (3.23 ± 0.08 g oil/g algal samples) was higher than U. pinnatifida (1.92 ± 0.22 g oil/g algal sample). Further, H. fusiformis had a good foaming capacity (38.0 ± 2.0 %). Based on the results obtained herein, it could be summarized that the seaweeds studied were nutritionally rich (containing minerals that are vital for human health), and could be used as a functional food and in various food formulations.
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Prunella Vulgaris Tea
Authors: Tan Rachael , Xi Lai Jue , Loke Wai Mun
Published: September 2022

Prunella vulgaris is a traditional herb commonly consumed as brewed tea in Asian and European countries. The therapeutic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of this traditional herbal tea are relatively unknown. The study examined, using established in vivo markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of Prunella vulgaris tea in-vitro, which were compared with those measured from green and black tea. Prunella vulgaris tea significantly decreased the human neutrophilic formations of F2-isoprostanes, lipid hydroperoxides, and leukotriene B4, while increasing those of nitrite and nitrate. The measured antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were greater than those from green and black tea. Prunella vulgaris tea exerted antioxidant effects via electron-transfer radical scavenging and up-regulated antioxidant enzyme activities, and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating 5-lipoxygenase, myeloperoxidase, and inducible nitric oxide pathways. The study results provide evidence supporting further investigations in the in vivo conditions.
Modern Aspects and Methods of Innovation Management at Domestic Enterprises
Authors:   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Fomichenko I. , Bashtovyi V. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Kozhurin D. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Pakhomova O. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: September 2022

The article considers the management of innovation activities of domestic enterprises, explores a set of measures that help avoid risks and further development of innovation in the enterprise. Factors that stimulate the process of innovation in enterprises are identified. The structure of risks of innovative activity of industrial enterprises is analyzed, groups of factors of innovative risks are outlined. The basic methods of risk management of innovative activity of industrial enterprises are considered. The innovative activity of the enterprise is a consequence of the implementation of innovation policy, realized risks and threats. The existing problems that arise during the process of innovation management are identified, and the main ways to solve them are identified.
Risks and Losses of Human Capital as a Result of War
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Antonyuk V.
Published: September 2022

The article studies the demographic and social aspects of the risks of loss of human capital as a result of war. The risks on the main aspects of its formation of human capital are systematized: the preservation of health and life, the normal functioning of the family, the preservation and functioning of social infrastructure, the conditions and opportunities for the realization of human capital. The loss of human potential in the first half of the twentieth century is highlighted. Considerable attention is paid to the risks to the development of human capital arising from the hybrid war of 2014–2021. The analysis of the current demographic losses of human capital, which brought a full-scale war of Russia against Ukraine in 2022, has been made. The loss of educational infrastructure, which is significant for the formation of human assets, is highlighted.
Deepening the Intellectualization of Enterprises in the Direction of Digital Transformation and Transition to Industry 4.0
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Chorna O.
Published: September 2022

The article examines the impact of scientific and technological progress associated with the digital transformation and the transition to Industry 4.0, on the deepening of the intellectualization of production; the deepening of intellectualization of industrial enterprises in the direction of smart industry is considered; systems and mechanisms of management of intellectualization of production are substantiated; the domestic and foreign experience is generalized and the components of deepening the intellectualization of enterprises in the conditions of digitalization and Industry 4.0 are substantiated. Research shows that the deepening of intellectualization in the direction of Industry 4.0 and digitalization helps to increase the value of enterprises, their production capacity, improve quality, safety and increase employee income through the introduction of new technologies. The experience of "smart" plants shows the need to: focus on the real needs of consumers; staff development; introduction of innovations; digital infrastructure development; introduction of equipment connected to the Internet; establishing the interaction of information and operational technologies. Research shows that there are companies in Ukraine that deepen intellectualization through the introduction of modern production management. The components of deepening the intellectualization of enterprises in the direction of Industry 4.0 and digitalization are substantiated, which are: the focus of management on the deepening of intellectualization; constant development of human capital; cooperation within the enterprise; analysis of the best world practices and application of the experience of intellectual productions; cooperation with associations and unions of industrial digitalization; participation in industrial forums, specialized exhibitions; introduction of digital tools for production management; application of effective models or technologies from the outside; permanent transformation in the direction of modern technologies; redesign of products and services taking into account the needs of customers; a radical change in organizational culture; support for research and innovation; gradual achievement of digital maturity.
Prospects of Innovative Development of the Higher Education System of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the Conditions of Digitalization of the Economy
Authors:   Polotsk State University, Pavlov K. , Asadullina N. ,   Tashkent Branch of the University of Economics
Published: September 2022

The authors conducted a study of the problems of innovative development of higher education in the Republic of Uzbekistan in the conditions of digitalization of the modern economy. The measures implemented by the country's leadership and aimed at the development of the digital economy, which also determine the ways of innovative development of the higher education system of the state, are considered and highlighted. The best practices of the development of various aspects of the digitalization of society in countries with developed market economies and in the post-Soviet space are studied through the prism of the possibilities of its use in Uzbek society. The main directions of solving the problems arising in the modern labor market in connection with changes in the country's higher education system in the context of the need for its digitalization are determined. It is proposed to develop standards for training specialists and create specialized training centers in the field of e-commerce. In addition, the forms, methods and proposals for coordinating the training of specialists in this field, the conditions for ensuring the connection of training with production through the organizational and economic structures involved in the process of e-commerce are also considered. It is also proposed to increase government spending on the creation and development of various elements of the infrastructure of the digital economy.
Strategic Directions for the Formation of Ukraine's Export Strategy in the Context of Economic Recovery
Authors:   ANF Dnipro, Ivanov S. , Lyashenko V. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Osadcha N. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The article analyzes the export potential and proposes a methodology for its assessment, measures for its development in the Marshall plan. The institutional mechanism by which Ukraine's export activity is regulated in wartime conditions has been studied. The study identifies the main threats to the country's foreign economic activity during this period. In order to develop the export potential, it is necessary to make changes to the development strategies of the territories, which helped the authorities to clearly form the tools and directions for developing the potential, in order to satisfy the interests of the sectors of the economy with all possible tools.
Production and Export Resources of the Region and their Use
Authors:   Azerbaijan University of Cooperation, Aliyev V.
Published: September 2022

Effective use of the country's export potential plays an important role in strengthening Azerbaijan's integration into the world economy. From this point of view, the liberation of our territories, which have been under enemy occupation for 30 years and the effective use of their economic potential, opens new horizons in increasing the production and export potential of our republic and creating an alternative export sector. In the article the directions of increasing production and export in the East-Zangazur region on the basis of the green economy model are substantiated, ways to include new resources into the economy circle are shown, ways to provide various sectors of the domestic mark.
Social Division of Labor in the Modern Economy: the State and Directions of Development
Authors:   Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України, Buleev I.
Published: September 2022

З давніх-давен проблема суспільного поділу праці займає центральне місце в наукових працях видатних філософів і економістів. Різні аспекти поділу праці описані у роботах Платона, Ксенофонта, Аристотеля, У. Петті, А. Сміта, К. Маркса, Й. Шумпетера, Вебера М. та сучасних вчених-економістів. Доведено, що розподіл праці є визначальним чинником економіки, її ефективності, технічного прогресу. Детально та системно проблема розглянута у працях А. Сміта, К. Маркса, Дж. Кейнса та наших сучасників. Однак це стосувалося докапіталістичних та капіталістичних виробництв, де головна роль у праці належала праці фізичній, заснованій на використанні сил природи та створених людиною машин, механізмів, комплексів. Використовуючи методи системного аналізу, діалектики, концепції трьох сил розвитку проблема досліджена в статті, що анотується. Доведено, що в умовах ІІІ ПР, V-VI ТУ центральне місце у суспільному поділі праці займає вертикальне його поглиблення, поділ та синтез розумової, інтелектуальної праці. Показано, що поділ праці притаманний усім виробництвам усіх суспільно-економічних формацій, товарного та нетоварного виробництва, ринкових та неринкових відносин. Ступінь поділу праці на необмежених ринках обмежена технічними, науковими, технологічними можливостями суб’єктів господарювання, а на обмежених ринках – їх обсягом та ємністю. Викладено авторське бачення рушійних сил та умов обмеження (прискорення) поділу праці (переважно розумового, інтелектуального) в умовах інклюзивного, наглядового капіталізму (постіндустріального, гіперіндустріального), моделей нового господарського устрою. Наведено характеристики сучасного капіталістичного виробництва, його особливості та характерні фактори розвитку. Розглянуто моделі управління сучасних корпорацій, у тому числі структури дворівневої колаборативної ієрархії, екоплатформ. Доведено необхідність дотримання у сучасному управлінні закономірностей і те, що керуюча система має бути якісно вищою і складнішою за систему керовану. Цьому сприяють раціональні структури та форми поділу праці, у тому числі праці розумової, наукової, управлінської та їхня кооперація, зміна напрямів інформаційних потоків з вертикально спадаючих на горизонтальні і вертикально-висхідні.