bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E. Analisis Kualitas Sumber Daya ManusiaTerhadap Ketepatan Waktu Laporan SPJ Pengeluaran (Studi Kasus pada Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi Jawa Timur)
Authors: Machfuda Mochamad Khoirul , MM. Hj. Nanik Kustiningsih
Published: January 2022

Abstrak

Belanja Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) tentunya sangat berkaitan dengan setiap lembaga pemerintah. Belanja SKPD merupakan pengeluaran dana yang digunakan untuk membiayai kegiatan operasional kantor, dimana setiap pengeluaran atau belanja harus dilengkapi bukti yang lengkap dan sah yang akan digunakan untuk proses penyusunan SPJ Pengeluaran. Oleh karena itu, peneliti tertarik melakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas sumber daya manusia, pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, dan pengendalian akuntansi internal terhadap ketepatan waktu pelaporan SPJ Pengeluaran di Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh langsung dari Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi Jawa Timur  menunjukkan bahwa kualitas sumber daya manusia, memberikan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap ketepatan waktu laporan SPJ Pengeluaran  Dinas

 

Kata Kunci : kualitas sumber daya manusia, ketepatan waktu, laporan pertanggungjawaban

Abstract

Expenditures for regional work units (SKPD) are of course closely related to every government agency. SKPD expenditure is an expenditure of funds used to finance office operational activities, where each expenditure or expenditure must be accompanied by complete and valid evidence that will be used for the process of preparing the SPJ for Expenditure. Therefore, researchers are interested in conducting research that aims to analyze the influence of the quality of human resources, the use of information technology, and internal accounting controls on the timeliness of reporting SPJ Expenditures at the Environmental Office of East Java Province. This research uses qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. The data source used is primary data obtained directly from the Environmental Office of East Java Province. The results showed that the Department of Environment of the Province of East Java showed that the quality of human resources had a positive and significant effect on the timeliness of the SPJ report on official expenditures.

 

Keyword : the quality of human resources,timeliness, accountability
A. PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN TELEKOMUNIKASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI)
Authors: Kurniawati Ony , Kustianingsih
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel current ratio, quick ratio, debt to equity ratio, debt ratio, profit margin, return on assets, total asset turnover, fixed assets turnover secara parsial dan simultan terhadap return saham. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yaitu menggunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda dengan 8 variabel bebas yaitu current ratio (X1),  quick ratio (X2), debt to equity ratio (X3), debt ratio (X4), profit margin (X5), return on assets (X6), total assets turnover (X7), fixed assets turnover (X8) dan 1 variabel terikat yaitu return saham (Y). Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: variabel current ratio (X1),  quick ratio (X2), debt to equity ratio (X3), debt ratio (X4), profit margin (X5), return on assets (X6), dan fixed assets turnover (X8) memiliki pengaruh secara parsial terhadap return saham (Y) karena memiliki nilai signifikansi lebih kecil daripada 0,05. Sedangkan variabel total assets turnover (X7) tidak berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap return saham (Y) karena memiliki nilai signifikansi lebih besar daripada 0,05. Pada pengujian simultan diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: current ratio, quick ratio, debt to equity ratio, debt ratio, profit margin, return on assets, total assets turnover, fixed assets turnover secara simultan tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham karena nilai Fhitung lebih kecil daripada nilai Ftabel.

Kata Kunci: Rasio Keuangan, Return Saham, Analisis Regresi Berganda.
C. ANALISIS BEBERAPA FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERSEPSI WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI DI KECAMATAN BUBUTAN ATAS PERILAKU PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Erika  , Tyas Alvy Mulyaning
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi wajib pajak mengenai perilaku penghindaran pajak. Adapun variabel independen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sistem perpajakan, kualitas pelayanan aparat perpajakan, dan sanksi perpajakan. Sedangkan untuk variabel dependen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah perilaku penghindaran pajak. Populasi yang diteliti ialah wajib pajak yang berada di Kecamatan Bubutan dan sampel yang diambil ialah 40 orang sesuau dengan Teori Roscoe Pengujian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan keempat variabel yaitu sistem perpajakan, kualitas pelayanan aparat perpajakan, dan sanksi perpajakan memiliki pengaruh signifikan secara simultan atas persepsi wajib pajak terhadap perilaku penghindaran pajak. Sistem  perpajakan memiliki pengaruh signifikan atas  persepsi wajib  pajak terhadap perilaku penghindaran pajak. Kualitas pelayanan aparat perpajakan memiliki pengaruh signifikan atas persepsi wajib pajak terhadap perilaku penghindaran pajak. Sanksi perpajakan memiliki pengaruh signifikan atas persepsi wajib pajak terhadap perilaku penghindaran pajak. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ialah perilaku penghindaran pajak adalah hal yang tidak etis untuk dilakukan maka perlu dilakukan sosialisasi lebih giat untuk mengedukasi masyarakat pentingnya patuh untuk membayar dan melaporkan pajak.
Kata Kunci: sistem perpajakan, kualitas pelayanan, sanksi perpajakan, perilaku penghindaran pajak.
Anti-Protozoan Activities of Stachytarpheta angustifolia on Some Haematological Parameters in Wistar Rats
Authors: Abdu Murtala Muhammad , Sadau Y. , Oladejo S.O. , Yusuf A.M. , Muhammad M.S. , Abubakar Z.A.
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on the anti-protozoan activities of Stachytarpheta angustifolia (Tarkajiya; Hausa, Devil’s coach whip; English) on haematological parameters of Albino Wistar rats which is an unexplored study area. The work is aimed at the determination of the effects of S. angustifolia on Wistar Rats, when exposed to herbal extract on the haematological parameters of Wistar Rats infected with E. tenella Biomarkers. The plant was obtained whole; dried under the shade, made into a powdered form and aqueous extraction method carried by maceration technique. After infecting the experimental animals with the parasites; E. tenella, the following respective doses of 750 mg and 1500 mg were administered to the rats in groups of 3 and 4. Results obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It was discovered that no significant harmful effect on the rats was recorded, but 60 % of the parasites were killed. This work demonstrated that the herbal extract killed the parasites but induced minimal stress to the animals as shown by the low haematological parameters in the study.
Determination of the Detection Limit of the Detection of GMO in Food Using the Isothermal Solid-Phase Recombinase Polymerase Amplification on Microfluidic DVDs
Authors: Masdor Noor Azlina
Published: January 2022

A major drawback of the current literature on bioassay development is that these tests are not made using statistically robust methods for establishing the limit of detection. As an alternative, researchers often make use of simple detection-limit methods that are only roughly indicative of the actual detection limit. We can only assume that this is due to a practical need for simplified processes, in addition to the notion that the limit of detection theory has already been lowered to practice for bioassays. A DNA sensor based on light intensity of the scanning laser on a DVD drive with microfluidic layer etched onto the polycarbonate surface of an ordinary DVD has been previously developed for fast screening of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The resultant calibration curve showed a sigmoidal calibration curve but was not modelled according to any of the sigmoidal models available. The objective of this study is the remodel the data using the standard 4-PL model and to determine the Limits of Detection (LOD) based on the standard method. The LOD value obtained through the 4PL modelling exercise based on a pooled standard deviation method yielded an LOD value of 62 mg/g (95% confidence interval of 17 to 158), which was quite similar to the classical three standard deviation of the blank method but was lower than the rough estimation employed in the original publication.
Isothermal Modelling of the Adsorption of Cibacron Blue onto Bean Peel
Authors: Shukor Mohd Yunus
Published: January 2022

Biosorption is a sort of sorption technology in which the sorbent is a substance that is biologically sourced. In today's world, biosorption is seen as a simple, inexpensive, and ecologically friendly way for removing pollutants from the environment. One of the branches of bioremediation that is utilised to decrease environmental pollution in the context of minimising improper textile waste disposal is this method. The sorption isotherm of Cibacron Blue onto bean peel were analyzed using ten models—Henry, Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Freundlich, BET, Toth, Sips, Fritz-Schlunder IV, Baudu and Fritz-Schlunder V, and fitted using non-linear regression. Statistical analysis based on root-mean-square error (RMSE), adjusted coefficient of determination (adjR2), bias factor (BF), accuracy factor (AF), corrected AICc (Akaike Information Criterion), BIC and HQC showed that the Freundlich model was the best model in terms of overall best criteria. The calculated evidence ratio was 8 with an AICc probability value of 0.89 indicating that the best model was at least 8 times better than the nearest best model, which was Sips. The calculated Freundlich parameters KF (Freundlich isotherm constant) and nF (Freundlich exponent) were 5.369 (L/g) (95% confidence interval from 4.359 to 6.379) and 3.125 (95% confidence interval from 2.717 to 3.533). The Langmuir constant was utilized to calculate the maximum adsorption capacity QmL (mg/g) which gave a value of 27.83 mg/g (95% confidence interval from 23.69 to 31.98). The nonlinear regression method allows for the parameter values to be represented in the 95% confidence interval range which can better allow comparison with published results.
Isolation and Characterization of a Molybdenum-reducing and Carbamate-degrading Serratia sp. strain Amr-4 in soils from Egypt
Authors: AbdEl-Mongy M. Abd. , Rahman M.F. , Shukor Mohd Yunus
Published: January 2022

Physical or chemical procedures could efficiently remove contaminants including pesticides such as carbamates from high concentrations of toxicants. Bioremediation, on the other hand, is frequently a less expensive option in the long term when used at low concentrations. Isolation of multiple toxicants removing microorganisms is the goal of bioremediation. In this paper we report on the molybdenum reduction of the bacterium and its ability to grow on the carbamates carbofuran and carbaryl as carbon sources. Both the carbamates carbofuran and carbaryl cannot support molybdenum reduction when used as the sole carbon sources. Between pH 6.0 and 6.8 and between 30 and 34 oC, the bacterium is most efficient in converting molybdate to Mo-blue. For molybdate reduction, glucose was shown to be the strongest electron donor, with maltose and sucrose coming in second and third, respectively, and d-mannitol and d-adonitol coming in last. Phosphate concentrations of 2.5 to 7.5 mM and molybdate concentrations of 20 to 30 mM are also needed. Identical to that of a decreased phosphomolybdate, the Mo-blue produced by the new Mo-reducing bacteria has an absorption spectrum similar to prior Mo-reducing bacteria. Inhibition of molybdenum reduction was 73.3, 50.1, 50.1 and 20.7 percent, respectively, by mercury, copper, silver and lead at 2 ppm. The bacterium was tentatively identified as Serratia sp. strain Amr-4 after biochemical investigation. This bacterium's ability to detoxify a variety of toxicants is highly sought after, making it a significant bioremediation agent.
Testing for the Equality of Variance for the Four-parameter Logistic (4PL) Model for the Detection of Vibrio cholerae DNA with Polystyrene-coacrylic Acid Composite Nanospheres
Authors: Shukor Mohd Yunus
Published: January 2022

When it comes to finding the best fit of nonlinear curves to acceptable models, linear regression with least squares is the most effective technique. Because residuals (the difference between observed and predicted data) must follow a normal distribution and the data must be free of outliers and uniform variance, statistical tests are used to identify the most appropriate model for a given situation (homoscedasticity). If all of these characteristics are satisfied, the system is said to be robust. In parametric nonlinear regression, one of the numerous assumptions is that the within-group variances of the groups are all the same, which is one of several assumptions (exhibit homoscedasticity). If the variances vary from one another (show heteroscedasticity), then the model is not statistically competent to describe the data as a whole. Data on the detection of Vibrio cholerae DNA with polystyrene-coacrylic acid composite nanospheres as modelled using the nonlinear four-parameter logistic (4PL) regression was preliminary check for homogeneity of variance using the Bartlett’s and Levene’s tests. It was found that the critical value of 2 was 28.869, according to Bartlett's test findings. Excel's CHIDIST function yielded a probability of 0.389 (not significant), suggesting that the variances of the residuals did not change significantly. The p-value for Levenes's test was 0.917, indicating that there were no distinct changes between the residual variances meaning that the use of the 4-PL model in fitting the data was adequate statistically.
Comparative Insecticidal Effects of Dry Ocimum Gratissium (Scent Leaves) and Rambo™ Paper on Mosquitoes in Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Agbalaka Priscilla , Matthew Gumta , Obeta Uchejeso , Sabulu Jonathan , Joshua-Ojokpe Rose , Pada Nathan
Published: January 2022

Insecticides are chemicals or biological substances that are used to kill or disable insects. Blood feeding mosquitoes are responsible for the intolerable biting nuisance and transmission of large number of diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, filarias is amongst others, causing serious health problems to humans and obstacles to socioeconomic development of developing nations like Nigeria. The insecticidal effect of scent leaves (Ocimum gratissum) and Rambo™ paper on mosquitoes was investigated. The study is aimed at comparing the insecticidal effects of Ocimum gratissimum and Rambo™ paper on mosquitoes in Jos. 100 mosquitoes were exposed to dried Ocimum gratissum and Rambo™ paper at different time intervals of 5, 10 and 12 min. Results obtained showed a time dependent insecticidal effect on mosquitoes, which was 54.2%, 54.0% and 55.6% total mortality of mosquitoes at respective time intervals on exposures to both Rambo™ paper insecticide and Osimum gratissum, indicating that there was a significant difference in the lethal effect of Rambo™ paper insecticide and scent leave on mosquitoes at (p<0.05). In comparing the lethal effect of Rambo™ paper insecticide and Ocimum grasstisimum on mosquitoes at differnt locations in Jos, at Dogon Karfe, after 10 min of treatment, Rambo™ paper had the highest lethal effect of 21 (84.0%) compared to scent leaves 6 (24.0%) and at Abattoir Jos, after 12 min of treatment, Rambo™ paper had the highest lethal effect of 17 (94.4%) compared to Ocimum grasstisimum 3 (16.7%). These comparisons were significant at p 0.05. This study provides evidence that Ocimum grasstisimum has a mosquitocidal effect. However, the Rambo™ paper gave a better mosquitocidal effect than Ocimum grasstisimum. There is a need to discover better additive or extract options that could give Ocimum grasstisimum a better effect as a natural product available in Africa towards the malaria eradication programme.
Characterization of Aniline Degradation by A Previously Isolated Molybdenum-reducing Pseudomonas sp.
Authors: Tijjani A.U. , Sufyan A.J. , Ibrahim S. , Shehu D. , Ya'u M. , Babagana K. , Sani I. , Yakasai Hafeez Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Microorganisms play an integral role in detoxification and removal of toxic compounds from the environment. Aniline is the simplest aromatic amine, consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amino group that is used as herbicide to control weeds. Aniline is detrimental to both environment and health. In this research, six previously isolated bacteria (isolate A-F) were screened on Bushnell Hass media for their potential to grow and utilize aniline as a sole carbon source. Isolate A (Pseudomonas sp.) was found to tolerate and grow best with aniline sole source of carbon. Optimum conditions for aniline degradation by this isolate were found to be pH 6.0, temperature between 30 and 37 °C, inoculums size of 600 μL, aniline concentration of 200 mg/L and incubation time of 96 h. The capacity of this isolate to reduce toxic aniline to less toxic form is novel and makes the bacterium important instrument for bioremediation of this pollutant.
Molybdenum Blue Production from Serratia sp. strain DRY5: Secondary Modeling
Authors: Sabo Ibrahim Alhaji , Yahuza Salihu , Shukor Mohd Yunus
Published: January 2022

In this work, kinetic growth models such as Luong, Yano, Teissier-Edward, Aiba, Haldane, Monod, Han and Levenspiel were used to model molybdenum blue production from Serratia sp. strain DRY5. Based on statistical analyses such as root-mean-square error (RMSE), adjusted coefficient of determination (adjR2), bias factor (BF), and accuracy factor (AF), the Monod model was chosen as the best. The calculated values for the monod constants qmax (the maximum specific substrate degradation rate (h−1), and Ks (concentration of substrate at the half maximal degradation rate (mg/L)) were found to be 3.86 (95% confidence interval of 2.29 to 5.43), and 43.41 (95% confidence interval of 12.36 to 74.46) respectively. The novel constants discovered during the modelling exercise could be used in further secondary modelling.
Characterization of Cypermethrin-degradation by a Novel Molybdenum-reducing Morganella sp. Isolated from Active Agricultural Land in Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Lawan Mariam , Yakasai Hafeez Muhammad , Babandi Abba , Ibrahim Salihu , Shehu Dayyabu , Ya'u Murtala , Babagana Kamaluddeen
Published: January 2022

The increasing use of cypermethrin in agricultural fields, household and industrial applications for effective pest control had increased the global burden of the pollutant over the years. Consequently, there is an urgent need to devise techniques to eliminate this pollutant from the environment. A bacterium capable of degrading cypermethrin has been successfully screened and characterized. The bacterium was grown in a mineral salt medium (MSM) supplemented with cypermethrin as its sole carbon and energy source at an optimum pH 7.5, temperature 40 ºC, a carbon source concentration of 4 g/L, optimum incubation time of 24 h and an inoculum size of 400 µL. The potential of Morganella sp. to degrade cypermethrin makes it an important instrument for the degradation of cypermethrin. This knowledge may be useful for the optimization of environmental conditions for cypermethrin bioremediation and important for detoxification of cypermethrin polluted sites.
Mathematical Modeling of the growth of Acinetobacter baumannii YNWH 226 on Azo dye Congo red
Authors: Sabo Ibrahim Alhaji , Yahuza Salihu , Shukor Mohd Yunus
Published: January 2022

Industrial effluents (Azo dyes) are brightly coloured, making their disposal into receiving waters undesirable not only because many Azo dyes and their breakdown products are toxic to aquatic life and mutagenic to humans, but also because many Azo dyes and their breakdown products are harmful to aquatic life due to the presence of aromatics and metals, chlorides, and other chemicals. Various kinetic models, including modified Gompertz, Baranyi-Roberts, modified Richards, Von Bertalanffy, modified Logistics, modified Schnute, Buchanan three-phase, and the most recently presented Huang, were used in this study. Based on statistical tests, the modified Schnute model provided the best fit, with the lowest values for RMSE and corrected Akaike Information Criteria (AICc), the greatest value for adjusted R2, and the closest to unity for both Accuracy and Bias Factor. The Modified Schnute parameters such as λ (lag time), µmax (maximum specific bacterial growth rate) and curve fitting parameters α and β (Constant), were found to be -4.39 (95% confidence interval of -77.58 to 68.79), 57.00 (95% confidence interval of -2854.30 to 2968.30), 0.78 (95% confidence interval of -0.34 to 1.89) and 0.96 (95% confidence interval of -0.85 to 2.78, respectively.
Inhibitory Effect of Sodium Citrate, Sodium Nitrite and Cinnamaldehyde on Biofilm-forming Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Jauro A.H. , Shu’aibu I. , Lawan G. , Adamu M.T. , Iliyasu M.Y. , Umar A.F.
Published: January 2022

The development of biofilms by the foodborne pathogens attached to surfaces in the food processing environments results in the deterioration of products, persistence of pathogenic bacteria and transmission of food-associated diseases. In addition, biofilms are more resistant to antimicrobials than their planktonic counterparts which make their elimination from food and the food processing facilities a great challenge. This study aim was to determine the inhibitory effect of food additives on biofilm forming Escherichia coli O157:H7. The isolate obtained was subjected to Gram’s staining and various biochemical identifications and later confirmed by latex agglutination test. Biofilm formation potential was done on Congo red media and the confirmed biofilm former was subjected to biofilm formation at 10℃ and 37℃ for 168hrs. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, MIC, MBC, and antibiofilm effect was determined following CLSI 2017 guideline. The highest zone of growth inhibition of 31 mm was exhibited by cinnamaldehyde, sodium nitrite with 26 mm and sodium citrate with 13 mm. The MIC 2.5 mg/mL was recorded for sodium citrate, 0.25 mg/mL for sodium nitrite and 0.125 μl/mL for cinnamaldehyde. Strong biofilm was formed at 37 ℃ with 7.82 x 109 CFU/mL viable cells at 168hrs while 6.79 x 109 CFU/mL were obtained at 10 ℃. All the three additives showed antibiofilm effect (at 10℃ and 37℃), cinnamaldehyde exhibited 70%-90.1%, sodium nitrite; 70%-88.2% inhibition and sodium nitrite; 75%-88% inhibition respectively. This study showed that sodium citrate, sodium nitrite and cinnamaldehyde exerted strong antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties indicating their potential as good preservatives.
Effects of Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Corporation Effluents on the Abundance and Distribution of Phytoplankton Community along River Rido, Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Dauda D.M. , Emere M.C. , Umar Y. , Umar A.M.
Published: January 2022

The effects of effluent discharged from Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Corporations (KRPC) on the Phytoplankton species distribution and abundance was studied along river Rido for a period of twelve months from February 2013 to January 2014. A total of Ninety-three (93) species of phytoplankton distributed in five divisions were recorded from four different study stations (A, B, C and D) along the river. Random sequential sampling was employed for selecting a sampling station. Physicochemical parameters were determined in accordance with the standard procedure for wastewater assessment guidelines of American Public Health Association (APHA). Phytoplankton identification was done using appropriate reference materials. The phytoplankton community was dominated by Bacillariophyta9 constituting 78.98% with 41 species, followed by Chlorophyta (6.67%) having 25 species, and then Cyanophyta (6.46%) having 12 species, while 10 species of Dinophyta and 5 species of Euglenophyta constituting 5.42% and 2.49% respectively were observed. The results from the study revealed low density of phytoplankton in station B, while high density of phytoplankton was observed in stations A and D. The physicochemical parameters showed both seasonal and spatial variations. Values of some parameters studied were observed to be above Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) limits at station B. Thus, effluent from KRPC is a source of contamination of water quality and adversely affects phytoplankton community along river Rido. Therefore, effluent retention facility should be established for long term treatment of effluent before discharge into the river
Isolation and Characterization of a PEG-degrading and Mo-reducing Escherichia coli strain Amr-13 in soils from Egypt
Authors: Shuhaimi Nubli , AbdEl-Mongy M. Abd , Shamaan N.A. , Lee Chaing Hin , Syed M.A. , Shukor Mohd Yunus
Published: January 2022

Molybdenum is a pollutant that shows toxicity to spermatogenesis while polyethylene glycols (PEG) are used predominantly in detergents. The pollution of molybdenum and PEGs are reported worldwide. We have isolated ten molybdenum-reducing bacterial isolates from soil that can reduce molybdenum (sodium molybdate) into the colloidal molybdenum blue (Mo-blue). The screening of these isolates for PEG-degrading ability showed that one isolate was capable to utilize PEG 200, 300 and 600 for optimal conditions were pHs between 5.5 and 8.0, temperatures between 30 and 37 oC, phosphate at 5 mM, molybdate between 10 and 30 mM, and glucose as the electron donor. Biochemical analysis of the bacterium identifies it as Escherichia coli strain Amr-13. Growth was best supported by all PEGs at concentrations of between 600 and 1,000 mg/L. A complete degradation for PEG 200 and PEG 300 at 1,000 mg/L was observed on day four and five, respectively, while nearly 90% of PEG 600 was degraded on day six. The growth of this bacterium on these PEGs was modelled using the modified Gompertz model, and produced growth parameters values, which were maximum specific growth rates of 1.51, 1.45 and 1.18 d-1 and lag periods of 0.53, 0.87 and 1.02 day for PEG 200, PEG 300 and PEG 600, respectively. PEG 200 was the most preferred substrate for this bacterium, while PEG 600 was the least preferred.
The Use of Plants, Nanotechnology and Surfactants in Lindane Remediation: A Mini Review
Authors: Uba Garba , Baba Abdussamad M.
Published: January 2022

Lindane is an organochlorine chemical and an isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane that has been used both as an agricultural insecticide and as a pharmaceutical treatment for lice and scabies. Lindane accumulates in the agricultural soil and plants thereby causing environmental and health deteriorative effects. A lot of soil remediation methods used are highly expensive and require a lot of expertise. Phytoremediation (rhizofiltration, phytostabilization), which involve the use of the plant to stabilize or remove environmental toxicants is presently much in use because of its cost-effectiveness and ecological friendliness. Adsorption has emerged as the most efficient, easy, and promising nanotechnology method of wastewater treatment out of the several approaches now employed. Recently, biosurfactants are used for the production of nanoparticles which will be further applied in the area of pesticide remediation. The use of phytoremediation is the most important fully green approach as no new chemicals are added to the polluted soil. Other emerging technologies where phytoremediation might not be applicable especially groundwater has begun to evaluate the use of green nanobiotechnology.
Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils: A Review
Authors: Allamin Ibrahim Alkali
Published: January 2022

Heavy metals represent a major threat to public health and the environment if they are intentionally or unintentionally introduced into the soil. They are elements that cannot be degraded and can be teratogenic, mutagenic, and endocrine-disrupting. Carcinogens and toxins in humans can be caused by heavy metals, which are difficult to regulate. Phytoremediation has been recommended as an alternative to classic physicochemical remediation methods since it is more efficient for combating heavy metals pollution in soil or water bodies and ecologically friendly. Biomass produced as a result of phytoremediation can be utilised for cogeneration of energy and/or the creation of biofuels, all of which contribute to health, the environment, and cost-effectiveness. In order to improve the usage of phytoremediation in the coming years, a deeper understanding of the technique's potential is necessary. Additionally, this study provides information on the use of herbaceous and woody plants for phytoremediation in soils affected by heavy metals.
Penerapan Hybrid Contract sebagai Inovasi pada Produk Pembiayaan Multijasa di Lembaga Keuangan Syariah
Authors: Hardiati Neni , Prasetyo Yoyok , Herdiana Abdurrahman Nana
Published: January 2022

Rapid product development is carried out by Islamic Financial Institutions (LKS) in providing alternative services to the needs of the community which are carried out based on sharia principles. The development of these services is provided both in the form of banks and non-banks as well as in the form of storage or other types of services as well as in the form of financing. However, due to more complex customer needs, LKS requires innovation in order to get convenience in its operational activities. So, in innovating with hybrid contracts, it becomes an important thing. This research uses a literature study with a normative juridical approach, which is carried out by collecting, studying and reviewing books, scientific magazines and documents related to this research such as theses and scientific articles. The results of the study state that in the application of hybrid contracts in multi-service financing products at Islamic Financial Institutions (LKS) generally use ijarah contracts according to the DSN-MUI fatwa. In this case, if the LKS uses the ijarah contract, it must comply with the provisions of the fatwa as the service provider or the benefits obtained from the LKS. Meanwhile, if in a hybrid contract one or more contracts are added, in this case it is added with a wakalah contract, then the customer has the power to carry out his own costs. However, if there are customers who still have to pay ujrah for the ijarah contract, it is called usury. Because this is not justified in sharia principles and is not in accordance with the ijarah fatwa concerning the multiservice, the bank does not fulfill its service obligations as the fatwa regarding multiservice as well as the kafalah contract. Thus, there is an alternative in this multi-service financing, namely by using hawalah bil ujrah and wakalah contracts which are more flexible and their implementation as an innovation, namely combining these contracts with the aim of making banking operations easier, reaching wider and able to meet the needs of more customers.
Fiscal Policy and Optimal Taxation in Sierra Leone: Testing for Tax Smoothing Hypothesis
Authors: Bonzu Samuel
Published: January 2022

This paper empirically investigate whether the budget imbalances in Sierra Leone over the review period is consistent with optimal tax policy. The procedure involves testing if tax smoothing hypothesis hold for Sierra Leone. In this regard, three different empirical approaches were performed. Firstly, I examine the random walk property of the tax rate. The null hypothesis of non-stationarity of tax rate could not be rejected, which implies the tax rate follows random walk. Second, I examined whether changes in tax rate is predictable by regressing changes in tax rate by its own lagged values. The result shows that tax rate is unpredictable, as changes in tax cannot be determined by its lagged values. Finally, a VAR model was employed to examine whether tax rate can be predicted by its own lagged values together with changes in the government spending rate and the growth rate of real GDP. The results indicate that all the variables employed were found not be significant is predicating the tax rate. Overall, all the empirical estimations support the existence of tax smoothing over the sample period and that the budget inbalances over the review period is consistent with optimal tax policy.
Creating Autonomy in the Advance of Teacher and Moral Educator Development
Authors: Wagner Paul A.
Published: January 2022

The demand for character development in many of the Western World’s public schools is increasing. Yet there are substantive steps being taken beyond manipulating student behavior in rigidly constructed contexts. Unfortunately manipulating behavior only develops self-interest as the measure of all good and might makes right the legitimation of authority. Yet as any anthropologist can explain it is role-modeling family and village elders that decides which of two instincts will dominate human development: self-interest or cooperation (Tomasello, 2019). As Aristotle famously observed, it makes no small difference what habits humans develop rather, it makes all the difference. But to be truly conducive to moral development those habits must reflect autonomous conviction to develop organizational well-being over the pandemonium self-interest leads towards. The Moral Self-assessment Protocol discussed herein creates the conditions for teacher and other leaders to track their own moral development to role model for those growing into organization membership, in schools, cities, states, countries and businesses.
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Semi-Closed Oxy-fuel Combustion Combined Cycle
Authors: PİNHO FURTADO Rafael , PALACİOS BERECHE Reynaldo , DAMIANI ROCHA André , GALLEGO Antonio
Published: January 2022

Semi-closed oxy-fuel combustion combined cycle (SCOC-CC) is a strong concept of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in gas-fired power plants. This technology is similar to a conventional combined cycle, however oxygen instead of air is used in fuel combustion. In the oxy-fuel combined cycle, the gas turbine flue gases consist mainly of CO2 and H2O. One of the problems to implement this technology is the necessity of an air separation unit (ASU) to separate the oxygen from the air, which increases the energy consumption of the power plant. Thus, a comparative thermodynamic analysis was performed between a conventional combined cycle (base case) and an oxy-fuel combined cycle. The objective is to identify each technology's pros and cons, the influence of oxygen purity in the oxy-fuel combine cycle, and the main irreversibilities of each case. The SCOC-CC optimal operating point (maximum energy efficiency) was found utilizing particle swarm optimization (PSO), which lead to the optimal ASU oxygen purity of 95.99%. It was noticed that the oxy-fuel combined cycle first law efficiency is 6.9% lower than the base case, and the second law efficiency is 6.5% lower. Despite the efficiency loss the SCOC-CC is more environmentally friendly than the conventional combined cycle since it can theoretically capture all CO2 produced in the combustion chamber.
Pasiones compensadas, vicios públicos e imágenes disruptivas en el recibimiento de un virrey
Authors: López Parada Esperanza
Published: January 2022

En 1716 se nombra como virrey del Perú al arzobispo Diego Morcillo, al cual la ciudad de Potosí rendirá un homenaje de tres días al pasar por ella, durante el viaje que emprende de Charcas a Lima para tomar posesión de su cargo.
Repasando las principales fuentes de la entrada del virrey en dicha ciudad -el gran cuadro del pintor boliviano Melchor Pérez de Holguín que custodia el Museo de América de Madrid; la relación escrita por Juan de la Torre, el artífice de las loas y decorados del recibimiento; y la crónica de Bartolomé Arzans de Ursúa y Vela en su Historia de la Villa Imperial- sorprende la inserción de datos contradictorios y alusiones veladas a la suerte del virrey -que solo lo fue durante apenas 50 días-, al juego de pasiones enfrentadas durante las fiestas de recepción -codicia vs. soberbia, vicios públicos vs. vicios privados- pero, sobre todo, al “gravísimo daño” a la cohesión comunitaria de la ciudad y sus habitantes que el nombramiento del ambicioso obispo desencadena.
La emblemática y las metáforas desplegadas parece contar “otra historia” que no concuerda con la exaltación de la corona imperial a la que las ceremonias de recepción de virreyes se destinaban. Al contrario, Faetón, Ícaro, el coloso de Rodas, la muerte misma que todo lo iguala, figurados en los tapices que cuelgan a modo de emblemas disuasorios, pretenden recordarle al virrey que la soberbia es un arte vacío si no lucha en la prosperidad común.
«Salió tan parecido el retrato». La «Vida de la Venerable Reverenda madre Sor María Anna Águeda de San Ignacio» y la tradición visual de su tiempo
Authors: Ferrús Antón Beatriz
Published: January 2022

Este artículo analiza las relaciones de la Vida de Sor María Anna Águeda de San Ignacio (1758), escrita por Joseph Bellido, no solo con la abundante tradición de vidas conventuales escritas durante el periodo virreinal, sino también con la cultura visual de su tiempo. Esta no solo constituye un referente en el devenir cotidiano de las profesas, sino que comparte motivos de gran simbolismo con la literatura conventual. El diálogo entre cultura visual y cultura escrita ilumina el significado y origen de estos. El modelo que legan las figuras de santa Catalina de Siena y santa Rosa de Lima es estudiado en detalle, así como las metáforas donde del corazón, la sangre y la leche cobran protagonismo.
Assessment of the anxiety levels of orthodontic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yıldırım Ersin , Adıgüzel Artemisa , Karaçay Şeniz
Published: January 2022

Aim: This study aims to determine the anxiety levels of orthodontic patients related to the coronavirus pandemic and to evaluate the effects of quarantine on orthodontic appointments and orthodontic treatment.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted as an online survey with the participation of patients who were actively receiving orthodontic treatment. A total of 281 orthodontic patients (191 [67.97%] females and 90 [32.03%] males) participated in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of five sections that included questions about demographics, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the patients’ orthodontic status. Anxiety levels were measured using Turkish versions of the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale. Descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk normality tests, the Pearson correlation test, and the Mann Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis.

Results: Regarding patients’ perceptions of the pandemic, 251 patients (89.32%) reported that they were sufficiently informed about COVID-19. The main concern about the effects of quarantine on orthodontic treatment was the delay of orthodontic treatment at a rate of 58.36% (164/281). This study found that 36% (103/281) of the participants exhibited anxiety symptoms. The prevalence of dental anxiety specifically was 33% (95/281). Our study results reveal a significant relationship between dental anxiety and general anxiety, which indicates that dentally anxious people tend to also be generally anxious. Females had significantly higher anxiety levels than males (p <0.001).

Conclusion: The coronavirus pandemic and quarantine seem to impact orthodontic patients’ anxiety. Delay of treatment was the primary concern of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Female patients were more anxious than males.

 

How to cite this article: Yıldırım E, Adıgüzel A, Karaçay Ş. Assessment of the anxiety levels of orthodontic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):73-9. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.12

 

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
The comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of two different reciprocal files according to different access angles into the root canal
Authors: Dundar Mehmet , Adıgüzel Özkan , Kaya Sadullah
Published: January 2022

Aim: Root canal preparation is one of the most important steps of root canal treatment. Preparation procedure includes disinfection and shaping protocols. Ni-Ti rotary file systems are usually used for shaping. The biggest disadvantage of the usage of Ni-Ti rotary file systems is that the file gets broken during the treatment. There are many reasons for the breakage of files. One of the reasons may be the increase in the access angle. The purpose of this study is to compare the cyclic fatigue of reciprocating Reciproc and WaveOne Gold rotary systems according to different angles of accessing the root canal of Ni-Ti files.

Methodology: In our study, 90 root canal files were used, 45 of which is Reciproc R25 (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) and the other 45 of which is WaveOne Gold Primary 25/07 (Dentsply, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Specially designed and manufactured stainless steel artificial roots whose curvature angle is 60° and curvature radius is 5 mm, which replicates the clinical conditions, were arranged. By enabling the files access the roots at 0°- 15°- 30° degrees, the lap numbers that they do till they break due to cyclic fatigue were examined.

Results: When looking at the lap numbers that the Reciproc and WaveOne Gold root canal files do till they break, at accessing the roots at the same angles WaveOne Gold root canal file makes more lap numbers at all angles when compared with the Reciproc root canal file. Significant results were found when the groups were compared within one another and between groups and among all numeric data in the statistical analysis performed. It was also found that WaveOne Gold root canal file had more cyclic fatigue resistance. When the groups were compared within one another, it was found that the increase in the root access angle decreases the cyclic fatigue resistance of the files (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the statistical analysis for comparison of the length of the broken file pieces (p=0.01). It was analyzed that when the broken files were examined via scanning electron microscope, file breakages occurred due to cyclic fatigue.

Conclusion: Not only do the design features and production technology affect the breakage resistance due to cyclic fatigue of the root canal, the access angle to the roots affects the cyclic fatigue of the root canal files, as well.

 

How to cite this article: Adıgüzel Ö, Dundar M, Kaya S. The comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of two different reciprocal files according to different entry angles into the root canal. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):114-21. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.18

 

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Retrospective evaluation of fiber-reinforced periodontal splints and resin bridges in the anterior region
Authors: Ünlü Nimet , Altınbilek Nurdan , Velioğlu Mehmet Semih
Published: January 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of fiber-reinforced periodontal splints (FRSs) and adhesive bridges (FRBs) in treating anterior single-tooth defects.

Methodology: Sixty-five patients who received FRSs and FRBs from 2001 to 2012 were recalled and evaluated clinically. The FRS and FRB restorations of the patients were clinically evaluated in terms of anatomical form, marginal adaptation, marginal coloration, secondary caries, and retention, according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. The current restoration statuses of the patients from 5 to 10 years post-treatment were photographed and recorded. Patient satisfaction level was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and periodontal pocket depth was measured. Clinical follow-up data were obtained and analyzed with the Chi-squared test (p<0.05).

Results: When each of the modified USPHS criteria was compared with the baseline values, statistically significant differences were observed between the groups. There were statistically significant differences when the categories were evaluated according to initial values (p<0.05). When the clinical evaluation criteria were compared with each other, no statistically significant differences were found (p>0.05). While the most successful results were obtained in the FRB group, most of the restoration losses and repairs occurred in the FRS group. According to the data obtained, 38% of restorations were lost and all restorations had been intact for at least 5 years. All lost restorations were in FGS restorations. The recall rate was 49% (n=32). Twenty (62.5%) of 32 patients rated their satisfaction with the restorations as being between 90 and 100, 8 (25%) as being between 80 and 90, and 4 (12.5%) as being between 70 and 80 on the VAS scale. The pocket depths of the patients at 5- and 10-years post-restoration were 2.3–3.8 mm and 2.4–5.2 mm, respectively.

Conclusion: Fiber-reinforced restorations performed due to the loss of anterior single teeth and periodontal tissue can serve patients clinically for at least 5 years. FGK and FGS restorations can be considered alternative treatments that can further delay the more expensive implant and prosthetic treatment options for years.

 

How to cite this article: Ünlü N, Altınbilek N, Velioğlu MS. Retrospective evaluation of fiber-reinforced periodontal splints and resin bridges in the anterior region. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):122-7. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.19

 

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.