bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fiziognománia és antifiziognómia
Authors: Csobó Péter György
Published: September 2022

A tanulmány a 18. század második felében lezajlott ún. „fragmentum-” vagy „fiziológia-vita” összefoglalása. Középpontjában Georg Christoph Lichtenberg Fiziognómiáról a fiziognómusok ellenében című írása áll, de részletesen kitér néhány további kritikai szövegére, valamint Lavater, Mendelssohn, Lenz és Zimmermann ezekre érkezett bírálataira, reflexióira. Igyekszik bemutatni azokat a gondolati és koncepcionális különbségeket, amelyek e vita során körvonalazódtak Lavater és követői, valamint Lichtenberg között, továbbá érzékletessé tenni a kor vitakultúráját, hogy mindezek segítségével megrajzolja Lichtenberg talán leghíresebb, Töredék a farkakról című szatirikus „antifiziognómiájának” szellemtörténeti hátterét.
A portrékészítés módszerei Kazinczy életművében
Authors: Bódi Katalin
Published: September 2022

Tanulmányomban arra szeretnék rámutatni, hogy Kazinczy Ferenc portréfogalmában nemcsak a panteonizáció és az eszményítés gyakorlata, hanem a képi reprezentáció problémája, illetve az írott és a képzőművészeti portré mediális viszonya is megjelenik. Az életrajzokban, a nekrológokban, az íróportrékban, illetve a visszaemlékezésekben bemutatott személyek leírásának típusait próbálom meghatározni, arra is kitérve, mekkora jelentősége volt Kazinczy számára a fiziognómiai gondolkodásnak.
Kire ütött ez a gyerek?
Authors: Kucserka Zsófia
Published: September 2022

Kemény Zsigmond és Jósika Miklós a 19. századi magyar irodalom – Jókai mellett – legjelentősebb írói. Regényeik értelmezése ugyanakkor a mai olvasó számára sokszor hozzáférhetetlen, idegen eszmetörténeti kontextusokba ágyazódik. A tanulmány a 19. századi regényekben megjelenő szülő–gyerek hasonlóság fiziognómiai jelentéseit vizsgálja, és ezzel a tárgyalt regényeket európai irodalomtörténeti és eszmetörténeti kontextusukba állítja. A regények értelmezése így felmutatja azt a gazdag és erős európai eszmetörténeti áramlatot, amellyel a tárgyalt regények élénk párbeszédben állnak.
A fegyelem igája és törvénye
Authors: B. Kovács Péter
Published: September 2022

A magyar medievisztika olvasói és kutatói számára közismert, hogy államalapító uralkodónkról, Szent Istvánról három legenda maradt ránk. Ezeket a kutatástörténet hagyományosan az Árpád-kor magyar szentjeit bemutató latin nyelvű hagiografikus alkotások legfontosabb csoportjának tekinti; nem véletlen, hogy az ezekkel foglalkozó tudományos munkák száma is végeláthatatlan. Tanulmányomban néhány szöveghely kapcsán mutatom be azt, hogy azok a korábbi vélemények, amelyek szerint a Kisebbik legenda szerzője a 12. század fordulójának legképzettebb és legműveltebb írástudói közé tartozott, helytállók, műve pedig nem függetleníthető a lejegyzését megelőző és körülvevő 11–12. századi politikai-eszmetörténeti kontextustól, az invesztitúraharc szellemi légkörétől. A tanulmányban amellett érvelek, hogy a Legenda minor szerzője egyértelműen a római egyházfőség mellett köteleződik el, azaz pápapárti alkotásnak tekinthető.
A gyónás lehetséges hibái és a természet elleni bűnök fajtái
Authors: Bartók Zsófia Ágnes
Published: September 2022

A dolgozat a Guillermus-kódex (korábbi nevén Guilerin-kódex) két gyóntatáshoz kötődő bejegyzését vizsgálja, azok modernizált átiratát is közli. Párhuzamos szöveghelyek összegyűjtésével mutatja be, hogy a két emlék kiterjedt szöveghagyomány részét képezi. A gyónás lehetséges hibáiról szóló vázlat a jó gyónás feltételeinek témáját dolgozza fel, egyik legközelebbi rokona Temesvári Pelbártnál olvasható, aki szintén lehetséges hibákról, és nem erényekről ír.

A természet elleni bűnök fajtáit felsoroló lista az öt bűnös város nevéből és az ott elkövetett bűnök felsorolásából áll. A párhuzamos szöveghelyeknek köszönhetően felfejthető, hogy a lista – gyakran homályos – kifejezései a következő bűnöket rejtik: homoszexualitás; bestialitás; a nő fenti pozíciója az aktus során; hátulról való közösülés a megfelelő testnyílás használatával; önkielégítés. A dolgozat a természet elleni bűnök magyar anyagban fellelhető szöveghelyeinek öszszegyűjtésével és egy forrásazonosítással zárul.
Empirical Study on the Performance of Industry Chains Finance Business in Finance Companies Based on the Included Angle Cosine-Grey Relation Method
Authors: Li Zhanguo , Long Haiming , Hu Ming , Jiang Xin
Published: September 2022

As a new financial solution, industry chain finance helps to improve the competitive efficiency of the cross-industry chain. Following the basic principles of the balanced scorecard, this paper constructs an evaluation index system that emphasizes financial business objectives and effects of a financial company’s industrial chain. Combined with the data of a buyer’s credit business, as well as the consumer credit business and the financial leasing business of H Finance Company from 2018 to 2019, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the financial business of the three industrial chains of H Finance Company by using the included angle cosine-grey correlation method. As revealed by the study, from the perspectives of performance in relation to chain companies, contribution to core enterprise, and employee development, the buyer’s credit business delivers optimal performance compared to the other two businesses owing to its long duration of operation, large client base, high financing demand, and relatively well-established business system. With regard to profitability, operational efficiency, and development potential, the consumer credit business demonstrates the strongest potential to obtain cash flow, has the best certificate processing time and processing accuracy, and has a relatively robust credit balance growth and profit growth. Comparatively speaking, the financial leasing business evolves relatively sluggishly among the three businesses. There is considerable room for improvement in all three businesses, so finance companies are encouraged to consider expanding these three business sectors in the future and increase their financial services in the industry chain.
Management of severe and symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism in the first trimester of unplanned pregnancy
Authors: Beck Adele J , Reddy Venkat M , Sulkin Tom , Browne Duncan
Published: September 2022

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is the most common aetiology for hypercalcaemia. The incidence of PHP in pregnant women is reported to be 8/100 000 population/year. It presents a threat to the health of both mother (hyperemesis, nephrolithiasis) and fetus (fetal death, congenital malformations, and neonatal severe hypocalcaemia-induced tetany). However, there is a lack of clear guidance on the management of primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy. In this study, we describe the case of a 26-year-old female patient who presented with severe hypercalcaemia secondary to PHP and underwent successful parathyroid adenectomy under local anaesthesia.

Learning points

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a rare complication in pregnancy, but the consequences for mother and fetus can be severe.

A perceived risk of general anaesthesia to the fetus in the first trimester has resulted in a general consensus to delay parathyroid surgery to the second trimester when possible – although the increased risk of fetal loss may occur before planned surgery.

If the patient presents with severe or symptomatic hypercalcaemia, minimally invasive surgery under local anaesthetic should be considered regardless of the gestational age of the pregnancy.
СТАТЕВІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОЯВУ АГРЕСИВНОСТІ У СПОРТСМЕНІВ РІЗНИХ ВИДІВ СПОРТУ
Authors: Несен Олена
Published: September 2022

Мета. Визначити особливості прояву різних типів агресивності у спортсменів-єдиноборців та представників ігрових видів спорту. Методи. У дослідженні брали участь 115 студентів-спортсменів, з них: 62 юнаки та 53 представниці жіночої статі у віці 16-19 років, які залучені до тренувально-змагальної діяльності в єдиноборствах та спортивних іграх. Кваліфікація спортсменів: від I розряду до майстра спорту України. Під час роботи використовували опитувальник Л.Г. Почебут для визначення різних типів агресивності. Обробку кількісних показників проводили за t-критерієм Стьюдента. Результати. Встановлені найбільш притаманні типи агресивності для студентів різної спортивної спеціалізації та не спортсменів: вербальна агресивність найбільш притаманна юнакам не спортсмена; фізична агресивність – юнакам, що спеціалізуються у спортивних іграх; предметна агресивність – дівчатам, що обрали для себе спортивні ігри; емоційна агресивність та самоагресія найбільш притаманна дівчатам, що спеціалізуються у єдиноборствах. Висновок. Серед юнаків найбільший бал загальної агресивності спостерігається у не спортсменів, а найменший – у спортсменів-єдиноборців. Серед дівчат найвищий бал загальної агресивності був зафіксований у спортсменок, які займаються ігровими видами спорту, найнижчий – у дівчат, що не займалися спортом.
Del Campo Bonilla, H. (2020). Excomulgados. Crónica de un momento del movimiento estudiantil en la Universidad del Cauca (1979 – 1981). Popayán: Universidad del Cauca. 232 pp.
Authors: Díaz Jaramillo José Abelardo
Published: September 2022

En la mañana del 29 de abril de 1980, cerca treinta de estudiantes de la Universidad del Cauca ingresaron a la Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, ubicada en el costado sur del Parque Caldas de Popayán. Sin el consentimiento del arzobispo, los estudiantes se instalaron en el recinto sagrado por varios días, configurando lo que, en el argot popular, se conoce como una “toma”. El acto tuvo efectos en la sociedad payanesa. “Hay que entender que eso fue un acontecimiento histórico a nivel local, regional y nacional […] por las implicaciones del hecho” observó un testigo...
Covid-19 y la percepción ciudadana del gobierno
Authors: Aparicio Cabrera Abraham
Published: September 2022

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un ejercicio estadístico de correlación, con datos de 77 países, entre el impacto de la pandemia del Covid-19 e indicadores que recogen la percepción ciudadana acerca del gobierno en tres ámbitos concretos: confianza en sus instituciones, nivel de corrupción de sus autoridades y características de la democracia y del régimen político. Para ello, se utilizó información de la Encuesta Mundial de Valores y de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Los hallazgos del estudio, por fuerza provisionales, apuntan a que la gravedad de la pandemia es menor en aquellos países donde hay más confianza en el gobierno, menor corrupción y un régimen político más democrático.
English Language Teachers’ Perceived Classroom Assessment Knowledge and Practice: Developing and Validating a Scale
Authors: Tajeddin Zia , Saeedi Zari , Panahzadeh Vahid
Published: September 2022

This study sought to develop and validate a classroom-based language assessment literacy scale to measure teachers’ perceived classroom-based assessment knowledge and practice. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale items clustered around four factors: (a) purposes of assessment and grading, (b) assessment ethics, (c) student involvement in assessment, and (d) feedback and assessment interpretation. Moreover, the scale was administered to 348 Iranian English as a foreign language teachers. The findings showed that the majority reported to be literate in classroom-based language assessment and agreed to the allocation of more space to classroom-based language assessment in teacher education courses. The findings suggest that the newly-developed scale can serve as a valid and reliable tool to explore language teachers’ classroom-based assessment literacy.
A Collaborative Autoethnography on Being Preservice English Language Teachers Throughout the Bachelor’s Degree
Authors: Peynado Cristian Camilo , Morales-Triviño María Camila , Castañeda-Trujillo Jairo Enrique
Published: September 2022

This article analyzes the experiences of two preservice English language teachers within their bachelor’s degree and their pedagogical practicum through a collaborative autoethnography. The authors discuss their empowerment as a contributing agent to the field of English language teaching and address issues such as methodologies, mentor teachers, native speakerism, colonial ideologies, and decolonization processes. Findings suggest that preservice English language teachers should be allowed to reflect, analyze, and thus contribute to understanding the social dynamics of what it means to teach and be a language teacher. Preservice English language teachers are not passive agents but builders of knowledge, capable of transforming their vision of education, making visible the critical aspects of education, and resisting imposed colonial pedagogical processes.
Colombian Scholars’ Discussion About Language Assessment: A Review of Five Journals
Authors: Hernandez-Ocampo Sonia Patricia
Published: September 2022

The current discussion about assessment in the language teaching context—involving topics such as immigration and citizenship, and university entrance—has brought with it the issue of justice in assessment. Although in Colombia such concerns are not generally discussed, it is important to consider fairness when it comes to classroom assessment. This paper presents a review of five Colombian well-known journals during the period 2009–2020 aiming to identify the scholarly discussion regarding language assessment and testing in the country. Findings suggest that Colombian researchers are concerned with fair and democratic assessment practices, and the involvement of students in peer- and self-assessment practices to improve learning and promote autonomy. Also, there is a perceived need for more teacher education in language assessment.
The Repertory Grid Interview: Exploring Qualitative and Quantitative Data on Language Teachers’ Pedagogical Beliefs
Authors: Richter Kenneth , Houde Patricia Marie Anne , Zimányi Krisztina
Published: September 2022

This article focuses on the use of the repertory grid technique as a research instrument for conducting and analyzing interviews in the field of teaching English as a foreign language. As a demonstration of the explanatory usefulness of this methodological framework, a pilot study was carried out to elicit second language teachers’ tacit beliefs concerning cultural perceptions of good language teaching. Repertory grid interviews were conducted with nine teachers at a public university in central Mexico. The data from each group were compared to uncover possible cultural influences on participants’ beliefs. It is hoped that this overview of the method encourages an interest in repertory grid interviews and their analytic techniques in the field of applied linguistics and in English as a foreign language teaching in particular.
Are Language Teaching Methods Really Dead as Some TESOL Gurus Have Proclaimed?
Authors: Bastidas Jesus Alirio
Published: September 2022

Up to the last two decades of the 20th century, the era of methods prevailed as a key component, especially in the field of teaching English as a second language. Nevertheless, by the end of the century, many TESOL authorities were questioning the usefulness and scope of methods. Consequently, the idea was declared dead and the postmethod condition emerged. In this reflection article, it is argued that the nature and scope of a method in the teaching field cannot die for a series of reasons. It is concluded that what can be proclaimed is the death of a unique, universal method, but not the death of methods per se, since this is an essential component of any teaching process.
Factor Validity of Measurement for Burnout in Chilean Prison Officers
Authors: Álvarez- Cabrera Percy Leonardo , López-Reyes Kateryn Valeska , Chacón Fuertes Fernando , Sánchez-Moreno Esteban
Published: September 2022

The objective of this research was to perform the factorial validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services (MBI-HSS) in prison officers in Chile through a first-order factor analysis and a confirmatory analysis. The sample was constituted by all the prison officers in the Region of Arica and Parinacota (N=334). Of these, 44 did not participate in the study, since they were in a medical leave, vacation or special permit, transfer in progress, or similar situation. Therefore, the final number of participants was 290 subjects. The Burnout Syndrome (BS) was estimated through the adaptation to Spanish (Gil-Monte, 2005) of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, in its version for human services professionals (MBI-HSS) (Maslach & Jackson, 1986), validated in Chile (Olivares, 2009). By way of conclusion, the present investigation found similarities in the MBI-HSS in terms of dimensionality and reliability analysis, and despite the international observations of the instrument, an adjusted proposal (standardization and validation) of the MBI-HSS is provided for contexts Prisoners with 18 items, since in Chile there is no validation of the MBI-HSS in prison officers.   How to Cite this Article: Álvarez-Cabrera, P., López-Reyes, K., Chacón, F. y Sánchez, E. (2022). Factor validity of measurement for burnout in Chilean Prison Officers Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 31 (1), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n1.82590
Long-term Mate Selection in Latin America: An Analysis of Personal Ads
Authors: Gutiérrez Germán , Moreno Naranjo Leonardo , Cruz Julio Eduardo , Javela Lady Grey , González María Isabel , Rodríguez Cajamarca Javier
Published: September 2022

The present work aims to study which factors are relevant in the long-term mate selection, from a Lonely-hearts personal advertisement sample of Spanish-speaking consumers of Cosmopolitan Magazine´s Colombian Edition. We analyzed 1468 publications (770 men and 698 women) using a coding system based on the theories of sexual strategies, genetic quality indicators and the preferences classification used in personal ads studies. Initially, we found trends as a greater predilection for psychological attributes and a greater demand to require more traits than offering them. In addition, the cross-cultural pattern demonstrated that men prefer women’s physical characteristics, while women require status/resources by men. Finally, men tended to be more  selective in the age range of 36-45 years, while women’s selectivity decreased with age. The results replicate many of the patterns found in investigations related to human sexual selection, also bring enlightenment about new preference dimensions to study in the future.
 
How to cite this article: Moreno, L., Gutiérrez, G., Cruz, J., Javela, L., Gonzáles, M., & Rodríguez, J. (2022).Long-term Mate Selection in Latin America: Evidence from Lonely-Heart Ads. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 31 (1), 77-92. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n1.89118
Lesions in the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex and their Impact on Social Cognition
Authors: Sánchez Tombe José Raul
Published: September 2022

Aims: To identify the impact of ventromedial prefrontal cortex injury (vmPFC) on social cognition (SC) processes in a stroke patient in relation to a control group matched by age, gender and schooling. Possible associations between post-injury behavior and impacted neuropsychological attributes of emotion recognition, Theory of Mind (ToM), and empathy are discussed. Method: A patient with stroke in right vmPFC and 10 healthy participants completed different screening, neuropsychological assessment and SC tests. Results: Correlations were found between damage in vmPFC and alterations in affective ToM, working and retrograde memory, mood and relational alterations in the patient. Discrepancies were found with respect to other studies in relation to the laterality of the injury and the impact of cognitive and affective empathy which seems to be relatively intact. Conclusions: There is a need to clarify the role of affective ToM after acquired brain injury (ABI) in vmPFC. A protocol is needed to assess and intervene in aspects of ToM that would involve documenting strengths and deficits of ToM: inter and intrapersonal after an ABI. Similarly, there is a need to address the lateralization of different domains of function in vmPFC and their relationship to affective ToM.
 
How to cite: Sánchez Tombe, J. R. (2022). Lesions In The Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex And Their Impact On Social Cognition. Revista Colombiana de  Psicología,31(2), 11-26. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n2.88206
The state of the art of marine natural products in Colombia
Authors: Bautista Claudia Andrea , Puentes Carlos Andrés , Vargas-Peláez Claudia Marcela , Santos-Acevedo Marison , Ramos Freddy A , Gómez-León Javier , Castellanos Hernández Leonardo
Published: September 2022

Marine Natural Products (MNPs) isolated from samples collected in Colombia have been an object of study since the early 1980's; however, this information is neither integrated nor compiled. This systematic review describes the articles published in scientific journals up to December 2019. 173 papers met the inclusion criteria of focusing on MNPs obtained from specimens collected from Colombian seas; all original papers written in English, Portuguese or Spanish. The selected papers were mostly authored by researchers from Colombian groups, with low interaction amongst themselves. 99.4% of the papers studied samples collected from the Caribbean Sea; 183 species were studied, mainly sponges and octocorals. In this study, 1,690 compounds (238 new ones) were reviewed, mainly diterpenes and sterol derivatives. Of the selected papers, 76.8% measured various biological activities, including antibiotic (34%) and anticancer (30%). These papers were published in 51 journals (74.6% were international). In conclusion, scientific work on natural marine products of Colombian origin has incremented over time. The most relevant opportunities to address and fill existing gaps comprise: exploring Pacific Ocean organisms and several of the misrepresented taxa; promoting strong interactions amongst the MNPs research groups, and accordingly with other areas of knowledge; and having the productive sector participate in MNPs research.
Syntheses and magnetic properties of substituted bis-indacenyl bi-metallic complexes & application
Authors: Mungalimane Amshumali , Sateesha K.M. , Mussuvir Pasha K.M. , Dibdalli Yuvaraja , Patil Mallikarjuna , Siruguri Vasudeva , Reddy Raghavendra
Published: September 2022

Organometallic compounds, Bis (2,4,6,8 teramethyl-indacenyl) di Iron (1), Bis (2,4,6,8 teramethyl s-indacenyl) mono iron, mono cobalt (2), and Bis (2,6 diethyl-4,8-dimethyl-s-indacenyl) di cobalt (3) were synthesised by means of salt elimination strategy, using Fe(II) and Co(II) salts. The compounds were characterised through spectroscopic and electrochemical methods. Magnetic measurements were carried out by Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS). Mossbauer spectroscopic data reveals that in all compounds, surprisingly, Iron is in +3 oxidation state. DFT calculations have been carried out to understand the change in the oxidation state of a metal. DFT study confirms the electron transfer nature of ligand to metal. Cyclic voltametric study on these compounds shows a large separation (ΔE>800mV) between two oxidation peaks confirming the strong interaction between the metal centres.  Magnetic measurements on these organometallic compounds reveals that they exhibit a ferrimagnetic behaviour at temperatures below 40 K.
Modelamiento in silico de la liasa organomercurial (MerB) de Pseudomonas fluorescens
Authors: Barona Duque Kerynd , Gaviria Duverney
Published: September 2022

El modelamiento in silico ha sido de gran contribución en los procesos proteómicos, desarrollando estructuras de las secuencias proteicas ya existentes, que por motivos de altos costos y las diferentes tecnologías necesarias para el desarrollo de estas metodologías, se encuentran deficientes en el número de modelamientos de proteínas disponibles. Entre aquellas secuencias con carencia de estructura proteica se encuentra la proteína liasa organomercurial (MerB) de Pseudomonas fluorescens, importante en la resistencia al mercurio. En el presente artículo se analizó tanto estructural como funcionalmente la proteína MerB en Pseudomonas fluorescens, utilizando la herramienta de la química estructural “modelamiento por homología” mediante plataformas bioinformáticas, con el fin de obtener un modelo que represente la estructura 3D más precisa y que capturen las mejores variantes estructurales entre todas las posibles conformaciones de las proteínas en la familia. En este trabajo, se desarrolló un método comparativo de la secuencia estudiada con las reportadas en las bases de datos para las proteínas MerB del género Pseudomonas. Se propone un modelo tridimensional para la enzima (MerB) en P. fluorescens, mediante el modelamiento por homología, se muestra la caracterización en la estructura secundaria, terciaria, la caracterización del dominio catalítico y los motivos estructurales presentes.
Extracción y análisis de metabolitos fenólicos apoplásticos en raíz y tallo de clavel (Dianthus caryophyllus L)
Authors: Martínez González Ana Patricia , Coy-Barrera Ericsson David , Ardila Barrantes Harold Duban
Published: September 2022

En el presente estudio se describe el acondicionamiento de algunos parámetros con fines de obtención eficiente de extractos apoplásticos enriquecidos en compuestos polares, principalmente fenólicos. Este flujo de trabajo descrito, incluso, puede ser aplicado a diferentes especies vegetales para ser empleado en el análisis particular o global de metabolitos en este espacio extracelular periférico. Para ello, usando raíces y tallos de clavel (Dianthus cariophyllus L), se evaluaron diferentes soluciones de infiltración para la extracción de los metabolitos apoplásticos. El mejor resultado se logró con la disolución amortiguadora NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4 0,1 M pH 6,5/NaCl 50 mM, porque se obtiene la mayor cantidad de metabolitos fenólicos apoplásticos, con la menor contaminación de compuestos intracelulares. Los metabolitos se separaron mediante HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS, obteniendo perfiles cromatográficos con parámetros de calidad razonables basados en resolución, selectividad y número de platos teóricos. Con estas condiciones, fue posible identificar ocho compuestos diferenciales (una flavona y siete flavonoles), cuyas estructuras básicas comprendían flavonoides del tipo (iso)pratol, kaempférido, (dihidro)kaempferol, quercetina y miricetina, según el órgano de prueba y la variedad. Los flavonoides identificados están relacionados con metabolitos de tipo fitoanticipina en el clavel, como hidroxi-metoxiflavona, di-o-benzoilquercetina y kaempférido disaliciloilrhamnósido, abundantemente presentes en la variedad resistente. Las condiciones descritas en este trabajo son fundamentales para profundizar en el papel de los metabolitos fenólicos apoplásticos relacionados con los mecanismos de defensa de esta planta ornamental.
Poly(4-vinylpyridine) adsorption on boron nitride nanotubes and hexagonal boron nitride: A comparative molecular dynamics study
Authors: Shin Homin , Yeverovich Eva , Kim Keun Su
Published: September 2022

One of the foremost challenges in the boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) community is selective separation of BNNTs from the as-produced mixture of various hexagonal BN (hBN) phases. Recently, a polymer with a pyridine group, poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) has proven to be effective for BNNT dispersion. Here, we performed all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the selective dispersion mechanism by characterizing interfacial interactions of P4VP with 12 different types of BNNTs, as well as with 8 different sizes of hBN sheets. The results revealed a prominent effect of lattice curvature (i.e., tube diameter) and morphology (i.e., tubular or planar) on the polymer adsorption conformation and their binding energetics. Remarkably, P4VP tightly wrapped around BNNTs with a well-defined helical pitch, while it formed an extended random coil on planar hBNs. A comparative study on carbon nanotubes and graphenes also highlighted the critical role of electrostatic interaction of P4VP with partially charged BN lattice.

Graphical abstract
Buddhism after Mao: Negotiations, Continuities, and Reinventions, edited by Ji Zhe, Gareth Fisher, and André Laliberté.
Authors: Péronnet Amandine
Published: September 2022

Buddhism after Mao: Negotiations, Continuities, and Reinventions, edited by Ji Zhe, Gareth Fisher, and André Laliberté. University of Hawai’i Press, 2019. 355pp. Hb. $84.00, ISBN-13: 9780824877347; Pb. $28.00, ISBN-13: 9780824888343.
"I should have liked to produce a good book. It has not turned out that way"
Authors: Hacker Peter
Published: September 2022

Wittgenstein wrote in the Preface to the Investigations that he would have liked to write a good book, but it didn’t turn out that way. This may superficially seem to be false modesty, given that what he wrote is a masterpiece. This paper argues that it is not false modesty, and attempts to pin down various flaws in the book, some structural and others not. These include the opening quotation from Augustine, the thin character of language game 2, the rule following considerations, the private language arguments, and the poorly located, well-disguised and over-compressed discussion of the pictoriality of the proposition and critique of the picture theory of meaning in §§428–65.
The Philosophical Significance of Secondary Uses of Language in Wittgenstein’s Later Philosophy
Authors: Marchesin Marco
Published: September 2022

This paper aims to provide an account of Wittgenstein’s employment of the distinction between primary and secondary use of words. Against views that circumscribe its relevance to aesthetics and ethics, the paper demonstrates that there are many instances of secondary uses in Wittgenstein’s work that are not reducible to those limited applications. Additionally, as secondary uses are often interpreted as having an expressive function, the paper argues that we cannot reduce secondariness to a single unifying principle, because the distinction is philosophical, as it works as a powerful device to tackle different, often unrelated, philosophical issues.
Understanding Resistance: Preservice Teachers’ Discourse Models of Struggling Readers and School Literacy Tasks
Authors: Lesley Mellinee
Published: September 2022

Increased attention is being given to the attitudes exhibited by preservice teachers enrolled in secondary‐level content area literacy courses, who frequently resist the idea of teaching reading to their future students. To develop a greater understanding of such perspectives, the author analyzed literacy narratives written by undergraduate students enrolled in five sections of secondary‐level content area literacy courses. The findings suggest that preservice teachers' past literacy experiences must be addressed before they can acclimate to learning methods designed to support the needs of struggling readers in content area instruction.
“Wiki‐Ed Poetry”: Transforming Preservice Teachers’ Preconceptions About Poetry and Poetry Teaching
Authors: Hughes Janette , Dymoke Sue
Published: September 2022

This article focuses specifically on teacher candidates’ preconceptions about poetry and poetry teaching and how these preconceptions shift as they work through various tasks on a wiki. Through an analysis of their definitions of poetry and ideas about poetry pedagogy captured in online discussion, survey, and interview responses, the authors explore ways in which beginning teachers can develop confidence in teaching poetry.
Homework in Secondary Classrooms: Making It Relevant and Respectful
Authors: Fisher Douglas , Lapp Diane , Frey Nancy
Published: September 2022

In this article, the authors focus on homework as an adjunct for learning in secondary school classrooms. Four types of students are profiled, with detail on how the students respond to homework assignments when they do not understand the content. The authors then review three changes in homework practices that can engage students, including fluency building, spiral review, and extension learning.
Promoting Vocabulary Learning for English Learners
Authors: Wessels Stephanie
Published: September 2022

Vocabulary knowledge, which is key to the reading comprehension of English learners (ELs), must be a focus for every teacher in today's increasingly diverse schools, including those in the mainstream classroom. This article strives to increase awareness of the five characteristics of effective vocabulary instruction as well as demonstrate how such characteristics can be variously emphasized in the before‐, during‐, and after‐reading phases of the instructional process. Research‐based strategies can provide teachers and ELs with a gateway to increased vocabulary learning. One such strategy, the Vocabulary Quilt, is explored in depth to illustrate how teachers can use a single strategy throughout the lesson to access students' background knowledge, support students in making critical content connections, and guide students to higher levels of word knowledge.
Using Literature to Teach Measurement
Authors: Bintz William P. , Moore Sara D. , Wright Pam , Dempsey Lyndsie
Published: September 2022

This article reports on one instructional lesson that integrates literacy and mathematics. Specifically, it describes a lesson conducted in a fourth‐grade classroom that integrates reading, writing, drawing, and literature to teach linear measurement to the inch and fractional measurement. The article begins with a rationale for integrating literacy and mathematics and shares a collection of literature that is based on major mathematical content strands according to the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Then, the authors describe research that supports using literature to teach measurement and identify mathematics and literacy standards that are embedded in this lesson, describe materials and procedures used, and share samples of student work that resulted. The article ends with lessons learned from the experience.
Glucose/Fructose Delivery to the Distal Nephron Activates the Sodium-Chloride Cotransporter via the Calcium-Sensing Receptor
Authors: Bahena-Lopez Jessica Paola , Rojas-Vega Lorena , Chávez-Canales María , Bazua-Valenti Silvana , Bautista-Pérez Rocío , Lee Ju-Hye , Madero Magdalena , Vazquez-Manjarrez Natalia , Alquisiras-Burgos Ivan , Hernandez-Cruz Arturo , Castañeda-Bueno María , Ellison David H. , Gamba Gerardo
Published: September 2022

Significance Statement

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) activates salt reabsorption through the sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC) via the WNK4-SPAK pathway. Glucose and other sugars are positive allosteric modulators of the CaSR. This would be irrelevant for most cells that come into contact with glucose, except for the nephron segments beyond the proximal tubule. Using in vitro and in vivo models, this work shows that the arrival of glucose or fructose to the distal nephron modulates the CaSR due to a positive allosteric type II effect associated with activation of the WNK4-SPAK-NCC pathway. This study proposes a mechanism by which glucose or fructose delivered to the distal nephron contributes to renal salt retention by their allosteric effect on the CaSR.

Background

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) activates the NaCl cotransporter (NCC). Glucose acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the CaSR. Under physiologic conditions, no glucose is delivered to the DCT, and fructose delivery depends on consumption. We hypothesized that glucose/fructose delivery to the DCT modulates the CaSR in a positive allosteric way, activating the WNK4-SPAK-NCC pathway and thus increasing salt retention.

Methods

We evaluated the effect of glucose/fructose arrival to the distal nephron on the CaSR-WNK4-SPAK-NCC pathway using HEK-293 cells, C57BL/6 and WNK4-knockout mice, ex vivo perfused kidneys, and healthy humans.

Results

HEK-293 cells exposed to glucose/fructose increased SPAK phosphorylation in a WNK4- and CaSR-dependent manner. C57BL/6 mice exposed to fructose or a single dose of dapagliflozin to induce transient glycosuria showed increased activity of the WNK4-SPAK-NCC pathway. The calcilytic NPS2143 ameliorated this effect, which was not observed in WNK4-KO mice. C57BL/6 mice treated with fructose or dapagliflozin showed markedly increased natriuresis after thiazide challenge. Ex vivo rat kidney perfused with glucose above the physiologic threshold levels for proximal reabsorption showed increased NCC and SPAK phosphorylation. NPS2143 prevented this effect. In healthy volunteers, cinacalcet administration, fructose intake, or a single dose of dapagliflozin increased SPAK and NCC phosphorylation in urinary extracellular vesicles.

Conclusions

Glycosuria or fructosuria was associated with increased NCC, SPAK, and WNK4 phosphorylation in a CaSR-dependent manner.
A Plan for Applying Extended Reality to an English Textbook for Elementary School Students
Authors: Lee Dong-Han , Kim Dongkyoo
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to provide application plans for English textbooks for elementary school students through Extended Reality (XR). For this purpose, this study first investigated current trends and issues in the technology of XR including Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR). This study also investigated current studies of the application of XR technology in educational fields. Recent studies showed that applications of XR in English class for elementary school students were very rare. Only a few cases of applications of AR were found to be utilized for English class for elementary schools. Thus, this study suggested a direction of developing English education contents for elementary school students through the application of XR. A practical use of English textbook applied by XR is introduced on the basis of the contents of a textbook unit. Example sections of a class period in a textbook unit applied by XR were proposed. In each section, a developmental plan of class activities applied by XR was offered. In consideration of recent circumstances of technology, cost, and time, a developmental plan of class activities in each section applied was suggested in the order of VR, AR, and MR.
Determination of Curcuminoids, Piperine, Boswellic Acids and Andrographolides in Food and Dietary Supplements by HPLC
Authors: Brusač Edvin , Jeličić Mario-Livio , Nigović Biljana , Amidžić Klarić Daniela , Mornar Ana
Published: September 2022

Research background. As use of functional food and herbal combination products is ever increasing, methods for quality control of such preparations are necessary. Moreover, low quality of products can cause either lack of benefit or harm to the consumer. In this work, determination of three curcuminoids, piperine, six boswellic acids and three andrographolides, often used in combination products, was carried out in raw materials and dietary supplements.
Experimental approach. After extraction optimization using Box-Behnken design, maximum active substance yields were obtained using 81.5 % ethanol in hydroethanolic extraction solvent, 30 min sonication time and 60 °C extraction temperature. Afterwards, a high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated, with special attention paid to selectivity, precision and robustness of the method. Lastly, 54 food and dietary supplement samples were analyzed.
Results and conclusions. Most products were bought locally, from credible vendors and they all complied with relevant regulatory requirements. However, products obtained on the Internet contained little to no active substances (24 % of samples contained less than 20 % declared content), presumably showing no efficacy, or were either found to be likely adulterated or contained very high amounts of active substances, compromising safety in terms of dose-dependent adverse effects (one sample containing andrographolides) and pharmacokinetic interactions (one sample containing piperine). In conclusion, consumers should refrain from purchasing such products from the Internet and obtain them only from verified suppliers such as local pharmacies or health stores.
Novelty and scientific contribution. This work demonstrates the first developed method for the analysis of aforementioned combination products, which are on the rise today. The method is simple and robust and can be adapted by most laboratories for routine quality control of the said products. Moreover, the work sheds light on the low quality of several products and signifies the need for increased consumer awareness of dangers of taking such products.
Setting a sequencing run with a nanopore MinION and the Rapid Sequencing gDNA kit (SQK-RAD004) v2
Authors: Gonzalez-Escalona Narjol
Published: September 2022

This protocol is to help in setting up a MinION sequencing run using the rapid sequencing kit from Nanopore (SQK-RAD004). It contains all steps and material need for a successful run. This kit is recommended for rapid preparation time and limited laboratory equipment. The output is lower than that generated by the ligation sequencing kit. preparation time approximately 15 minutes and require a minimum of 400 ng per reaction.
Immunological detection of autophagy and mTORC1-related proteins v1
Authors: JW Harper
Published: September 2022

Here we present a general protocol for immunological detection by Western blotting MTOR, MTOR (pS2448), ULK1, ULK1 (pS757), p70S6K, p70S6K (pT389), SQSTM1, CALCOCO2, MAP1LC3B, GABARAP, TFEB, TFE3, PGRN, HSP90, and PCNA
ANALYSIS OF SELF-HISBAH FACTORS ON MORAL APPRECIATION AMONG MUSLIM SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA: FUZZY DELPHI METHOD APPLICATION
Authors: Zakaria Ros Arniza , Hamzah Mohd Isa , Abdul Razak Khadijah
Published: September 2022

The issue of moral deterioration among secondary school students still transpires due to the lack of moral appreciation among them. It is caused by the practice of self-hisbah, which is not attended in an istiqamah (steadfast) manner. The factor of self-hisbah potentially impacts the appreciation of the morals of Muslim students. This research aimed to analyse the self-hisbah factor by examining the expert consensus on the elements found in the self-hisbah factor. The researchers chose elements of the hisbah of heart and soul, hisbah of lust, and hisbah of behaviour. This study employed a quantitative approach that surveyed the views and evaluations of 14 experts selected by purposive sampling. These experts evaluated three (3) elements and twenty (20) items included in the Model of Moral Appreciation of Muslim secondary students. The researchers analysed the obtained data using the Fuzzy Delphi method. The analysis considered the triangular Fuzzy Numbers and the ranking of elements obtained through Defuzzification. The study data confirmed that the response and expert consensus on all elements were good. In essence, expert consensus exceeded 75%, and almost all threshold values ’d’ met consensus conditions. This analysis contributes to the theory of hisbah. Internal hisbah signifies the power to act emerges from oneself due to a process of self-evaluation known as hisbah. The practice of self-hisbah delivers a person who is always disciplined and strives to do good and refrain from doing evil in his daily life as a student. This theory is pertinent to be included in the Model of Moral Appreciation of Muslim Students’ secondary schools in Malaysia. A quantitative study is germane to be conducted on secondary school students throughout Malaysia to examine the usability of the model.
INTERDEPENDENCE OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY BETWEEN KOREA AND ASEAN-5 COUNTRIES: ASIAN INTERNATIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS
Authors: Yoomi Kim , Md Akhir Md Nasrudin , A/p Govindasamy Geetha
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the interdependence of the manufacturing industry between South South Korea and ASEAN-5 countries. To conduct an international analysis for the manufacturing industries, an interregional input-output (IRIO) model is applied. The Asian International Input-Output Table (AIIO) provided by IDE-JETRO (2017) is employed and the spillover effects of manufacturing industry are compared in terms of inducement production, value added and backward/forward linkages. The results indicate that the production inducement outcome between Malaysia and South Korea and the effect of forward and backward linkage industry are high, and the dependence on industry is high. On the other hand, in terms of decomposition of value added exports to ASEAN from South South Korea in the manufacturing sector; Vietnam, Singapore, and Indonesia are the states where South South Korea's domestic value-added exports are high. The result shows that South South Korea is necessary to diversify economic cooperation between East Asian and ASEAN member states.
Professional Trajectories in Migrant Biographies of Qualified German, Romanian, and Italian Movers
Authors: Schroot Tanja
Published: September 2022

This article tackles the issue of professional inclusion of “knowledgeable” migrants under consideration of the paradigmatic life course framework. It thus aims to contribute to international research on human capital valorisation. The comparative analysis of this study is grounded on qualitative data from 30 in‐depth interviews with German, Romanian, and Italian qualified movers in Italy and Germany, who did not migrate for reasons resulting from economic hardship or poverty, but rather to improve their living conditions on familial (tied movers), professional, or socio‐cultural level. Our research aimed to investigate their professional trajectories and corresponding skill utilisation. Findings of the study confirm two predominant tracks of professional integration in the labour host context characterised either by transcultural competence transfer and utilisation or by professional re‐invention and skills acquisition. Particular attention within the data analysis and corresponding conclusions has been paid to potential dynamics for social and economic up and downward mobility and the role of the three heterogenous (more and less privileged) national and cultural backgrounds for brain circulation.
Pancreas-sparing duodenectomy with preservation of peripapillary part of duodenal wall: a new option of surgical treatment for duodenal tumor lesions
Authors: Stilidi I. S. , Arkhiri P. P. , Fainshtein I. A. , Nered S. N. , Abgaryan M. G. , Suleymanov E. A. , Nikulin M. P. , Kalinin A. E. , Volkov A. Yu. , Egenov O. A. , Yugai V. V.
Published: September 2022

Currently, with duodenal tumor lesion (duodenum), the possibility of performing economical operations that significantly improve the immediate results and quality of life of patients is increasingly being considered as an alternative to gastropancreatoduodenal resection. using the example of clinical observation, the article presents a new type of economical surgical intervention – duodenectomy with preservation of the peripapillary flap. The operation was performed in a patient with cancer of the resected stomach with a low spread of the tumor along the wall of the duodenum. At the control examination 9 months after the operation, the patient’s condition is satisfactory, without signs of impaired biliodynamics and passage of food through the intestinal tube. The proposed method differs from the existing prototype (papilloservative duodenectomy) by preserving the peripapillary flap of the duodenal wall.

The insertion into the jejunum of not the fater papilla, but the surrounding wall of the duodenum eliminates its deformation and violation of patency and provides greater reliability of the formed suture, and the preservation of the small duodenal papilla with an additional pancreatic duct of Santorini can help reduce the frequency of postoperative pancreatitis and pancreonecrosis. In addition to cases of low lesions of the duodenum in gastric cancer, the method can be used in patients with non-epithelial and neuroendocrine tumors, as well as in secondary tumor invasion of the duodenum from the outside. The criterion limiting the performance of this type of operation is the distance from the edge of the tumor to the fater papilla less than 2.0–2.5 cm.

Duodenectomy with preservation of the peripapillary flap can be considered as a way to improve the safety and quality of life in the surgical treatment of patients with a tumor lesion of the duodenum.