bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Potential of Medicinal Plants with Bioactive Compounds as Antioxidants, Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulators: Review
Authors: Abdel-Mageed A.M.
Published: February 2025

Immunity is the body's defense mechanism against infectious diseases. The immune response can be triggered by many natural factors as well as artificial factors such as infections, immunization, and external stimuli. One of the most important functions of the immune system in a healthy body is to maintain homeostasis. Immune stimulation and immune suppression are contradicted effects of the immune functions, they can be obtained and influenced by an external and/or external factor, thus the efficiency and the function of the immune system can be affected by those factors. Immunomodulators are agents that modulate or normalize the normal function of the immune system. Recently, many types of drugs that are used as chemotherapeutic drugs to treat serious diseases such as autoimmune diseases, cancer and inflammatory diseases showed high risks of adverse side effects. The successful treatment strategy of those diseases is to obtain the best results with minimum side effects; immunomodulators derived from natural sources are the best and potential agents to replace, prevent or even reduce the expected side effects. Bioactive compounds extracted from natural sources were found to treat and prevent inflammatory diseases and modulate the immune function. Recently, immunomodulatory characteristics of natural bioactive compounds have attracted the attention of researchers. Using different plants, fungi or algae, promising research on the immunomodulatory effects of the bioactive compounds have come to the light. Thus, in the current review, the immunomodulatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of some common plants have been shown.
Lékařské fakulty, nebo lékařské akademie? Vysokoškolská výuka medicíny a lékařská věda v sovětském bloku ve 40. až 60. letech 20. století
Authors: Svobodný Petr
Published: February 2025

Medical Faculties, or Medical Academies? University training in medicine and medical science in the Soviet Block in the 1940s to 1960s

In post-war Czechoslovakia, the organisation of public healthcare and healthcare’s institutions – or rather their reorganisations and reforms – were closely linked to problems and new challenges in organising the academic education in medicine and medical science. Reforms in this area, both those merely planned and those which were implemented, were seen as one of the basic starting points of healthcare reforms whose aim was to improve the healthcare and health of the population. Similar trends were at that time in evidence in other countries of the then forming Soviet Bloc. In the early 1950s, medical faculties were in some countries of the Soviet Bloc (Poland, Hungary) removed from the structure of traditional universities and transformed into medical academies. These medical academies (in the sense of universities) were supposed to take over the existing functions of academic faculties of medicine and provide teaching, research (to some degree), and in close collaboration with clinical institutions curative medicine, but newly also preventive care. In other countries (Czechoslovakia, GDR), medical faculties remained part of both the traditional and newly established universities, though their transformation into medical academies had also been discussed.
Unveiling Frontiers: Hybrid Algorithmic Frameworks for AI-Driven Mental Health Interventions
Authors: Bacha Ahmad
Published: February 2025

The worldwide rise of mental health disorders demands new ways that combine medical practice with technology updates. Depression and anxiety mental health conditions have become widespread worldwide yet keep overburdening healthcare systems. Standard healthcare approaches cannot meet all patient needs because they need substantial resources and are hard to develop at scale. Hybrid algorithmic systems made of multiple processing methods represent a new way to bring together elements that past methods could not work with effectively. Our study examines how to build and validate hybrid mental health frameworks that help patients with mental issues. Through machine learning technologies these frameworks help create customized mental health intervention solutions that work for many people. The research analyzes how these frameworks can be adjusted to serve different mental health needs through their technical design components. This research studies data protection issues and algorithm fairness while proposing solutions to integrate nicely with clinical practice. Our study works to create a new type of mental health care while using technology ethically to bring better mental health results worldwide.
Recolectores Piezoeléctricos de Energía con Estructuras Auxéticas
Authors: Bagger Santiago , Krenz Santiago , Febbo Mariano , Machado Sebastián P.
Published: February 2025

La eficiencia de la potencia generada en dispositivos recolectores de energía puede ser mejorada utilizando patrones auxéticos en la subestructura de los dispositivos. Las estructuras auxéticas tienen influencias positivas en la conversión de energía mecánica en electricidad debido a sus propiedades relacionadas con el índice de poisson negativo, lo que implica que, si están bajo tensión en una dirección, se expanden en otra dirección y viceversa. El nivel de potencia mejorado será adecuado para el suministro de energía de los sensores de monitoreo dinámico. Este estudio presenta un patrón auxético aplicado a vigas en condición cantilever y sometidas a una vibración armónica. La influencia del patrón auxético sobre la generación de energía es analizada computacionalmente utilizando el software de elementos finitos COMSOL Multiphysics. Además, los dispositivos con patrones auxéticos se ensayan experimentalmente para evaluar el rendimiento de los recolectores de energía en comparación con el resonador simple.
Extracción de Energía Undimotriz: Explorando el Potencial del N-Péndulo y los Motores de Pulso
Authors: Virla Juan Nicolás , Rojas Lisandro M. , Oxarango Lucas , Dotti Franco E.
Published: February 2025

Esta investigación explora la aplicación de motores de pulsos para controlar un péndulo de masas múltiples, o N-péndulo, bajo forzamiento paramétrico que modela el oleaje marino. El N-péndulo, una alternativa más práctica al péndulo simple para la generación eléctrica impulsada por olas, exhibe una dinámica no lineal con un comportamiento estacionario fuertemente influenciado por las condiciones iniciales. Un par de motores de pulsos, posicionados simétricamente respecto a la posición de reposo del péndulo y modelados mediante elementos finitos, generan un par útil incluso desde el reposo, alterando las cuencas de atracción rotacionales. El estudio se centra en cómo los motores de pulso cambian estas cuencas para diferentes condiciones de forzamiento, con el objetivo de aumentar el rango de condiciones iniciales que conducen a rotaciones en estado estacionario.
Asignación Eficiente de Rutas para la Recolección de Leche
Authors: Bonetti Carlos A. , Puccini Gabriel D. , Denardi Melina , Bianchotti Jezabel D. , Bertone Sergio E.
Published: February 2025

En los últimos años, el uso de herramientas computacionales y la disponibilidad de información en tiempo real han mejorado la eficiencia de diversos procesos productivos. Sin embargo, lalogística en la recolección de leche en el sector lácteo sigue siendo planificada manualmente. Optimizarla asignación de tambos a los camiones que recolectan la leche es una gran oportunidad para mejorarlos costos y los tiempos involucrados. En el presente trabajo se propone una metodología que permitetomar datos reales de una zona específica y determinar un recorrido eficiente para cada camión, con elobjetivo de reducir la distancia total recorrida. El caso de aplicación empleado se basa en datos relevadosen industrias de la región pampeana, y la herramienta desarrollada emplea Recocido Simulado como técnica de optimización. Como resultado de la implementación de esta herramienta, se logra una reducciónsignificativa en la distancia total recorrida.
Sectorización y Gestión de Presiones Nocturnas para la Reducción de Fugas en Redes de Distribución de Agua
Authors: Denardi Melina , Bianchotti Jezabel D. , Bonetti Carlos A. , Bertone Sergio E. , Puccini Gabriel D.
Published: February 2025

La sectorización y la gestión de la presión son técnicas fundamentales para simplificar la detección, el control y la reducción de fugas de fondo en redes de distribución de agua potable. En este trabajo se propone una metodología de tres etapas que integra ambas técnicas. La primera etapa se centra en la detección de cortes conceptuales para la división óptima de la red en comunidades, maximizando el índice de modularidad mediante un algoritmo tipo Louvain. La segunda etapa se enfoca en el diseño óptimo de Áreas de Medición de Distritos (DMAs) mediante la reconexión de cortes conceptuales. Utilizando el algoritmo de recocido simulado, se busca optimizar dos objetivos contrapuestos: minimizar la pérdida de resiliencia durante la hora de mayor demanda y maximizar el número de tuberías cerradas entre DMAs. La tercera etapa tiene como objetivo formar zonas de control de presión mediante la instalación y activación óptima de potenciales válvulas reductoras de presión en las tuberías abiertas que conectan los DMAs. Aplicando recocido simulado se busca minimizar la resiliencia durante las horas nocturnas de menor demanda. Aplicada a una red real de tamaño medio, esta metodología ha demostrado una sectorización efectiva en DMAs y una reducción significativa de los volúmenes de fugas diarias.
Application of Topological Derivative to the Optimal Design of Three-Dimensional Structural Arrangements of Flat Plates
Authors: Romero Augusto , Giusti Sebastián M. , Salomone Javier E.
Published: February 2025

This work addresses the problem of optimal topological design of three-dimensional structures composed of plate arrays based on the use of topological derivatives. These structural arrays consist of planar elements linked at their edges. Their modeling is performed by coupling a membrane model and a bending-plate model. The geometric and material representation is accomplished using level-set curves. To minimize a cost function, the topological derivative value is used to guide the evolution of the level-set curve. A theoretical framework and case studies of academic and industrial applications are presented.
Modelo numérico de Remodelación Ósea Aplicado a Fémur Humano para Mostrar la Importancia del Diseño Geométrico de una Prótesis de Cadera
Authors: Franco Feliciano , Campana Diego M. , Berli Marcelo E.
Published: February 2025

Los modelos numéricos para predecir el efecto mecánico de las prótesis de cadera en el hueso humano suelen considerar a este último como un material estático, sin cambios ante la presencia del implante. Esto limita su capacidad predictiva a largo plazo a nivel del tejido, generando dudas sobre el éxito mecánico del diseño de la prótesis. Para un análisis integral del implante y su efecto en el hueso receptor, se necesita un modelo que refleje la adaptación biológica del tejido mediante la remodelación ósea. Aunque algunos estudios han implementado modelos de remodelación, no abordan un análisis tridimensional que incluya una interacción implante-hueso con condiciones de contorno de contacto y un modelo capaz de predecir densidades óseas fisiológicamente posibles. Este trabajo presenta un modelo de remodelación ósea del fémur humano, aplicado al análisis de prótesis de cadera implantadas, con un modelo de contacto entre hueso e implante. Los resultados subrayan la importancia del diseño geométrico del implante en la evolución a largo plazo de la masa ósea.
Simulación Numérica Mediante VOF-RANS del Flujo a Contra Corriente Limitado (FCCL) del Experimento de COLLIDER
Authors: Sarache Piña Alirio Johan , Corzo Santiago , Godino Darío , Ramajo Damián E.
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo se centra en la simulación del fenómeno de Limitación de Flujo a Contracorriente (CCFL) en una hot-leg experimental, crucial para la seguridad en plantas nucleares. El CCFL surge cuando el flujo de vapor, debido a las altas temperaturas del núcleo, impide la entrada adecuada de agua de refrigeración, comprometiendo el funcionamiento del reactor. Utilizando el modelo VOF-RANS y el modelo de turbulencia k-omega RNG, ambos implementados en OpenFOAM-v2206, este estudio reproduce los resultados experimentales de Issa, enfocándose en la diferencia de presión en la hot-leg para la primera región de flujo con una velocidad adimensional de líquido Jw*^0,5= 0,105. La simulación permite comparar detalladamente los regímenes de CCFL con los datos experimentales y muestra una mejora significativa en la precisión al incorporar el modelo de turbulencia de densidad variable.
Impacto de Ley Orgánica de Comunicación y el Paro Nacional de octubre 2019. Análisis de Teleamazonas y Ecuador Tv”
Authors: Mullo Torres Henry Xavier , Garcés Gabriela , Arcos Gabriela
Published: February 2025

Los medios de comunicación cumplen un rol fundamental como generadores de sentido y como espacios de participación en el desarrollo de la democracia. Con esta consideración, la investigación tuvo por objetivo determinar si la Ley Orgánica de Comunicación influenció o no en la democratización de la información y la participación social, en dos medios televisivos de cobertura nacional, Teleamazonas y Ecuador Tv; en el marco del paro nacional de octubre de 2019. La metodología aplicada combinó enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos, en un análisis de contenido de noticieros emitidos durante las movilizaciones. Se examinó la diversidad de fuentes, la cobertura y el equilibrio informativo; se evaluó la presencia y tratamiento de diferentes actores sociales y sus demandas. El estudio tomó como base cuatro artículos de la normativa: el derecho a la libertad de pensamiento y expresión, los principios de participación y democratización, y el derecho a recibir información de calidad. Según los resultados obtenidos, se determinó que la ley no garantizó un adecuado ejercicio democrático de la información y cobertura de los hechos durante las movilizaciones sociales, se evidenció un sesgo informativo y una visible alianza de los medios al discurso gubernamental. Un hallazgo significativo fue la configuración de un cerco mediático, que limitó el ejercicio informativo y redujo la visibilidad de hechos y voces. Para abordar los desafíos identificados, es necesario establecer normativas que promuevan la independencia editorial y la diversidad de contenidos, que garanticen que las concesiones y el financiamiento a los medios no estén sujetos a influencias políticas o intereses particulares.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Risk Factors for Tendinopathies
Authors: Lasso Arequipa Tomás Andrés , Navarrete Pérez Juan Carlos , Camino Ortega Cristina Noemi , Padilla Paredes Steve Alexander , Criollo Pullupaxi Erika Daniela
Published: February 2025

Diseases of the tendons called tendinopathies are a common health problem in the population. In the present study, tendinopathies and the most frequent intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors and the relationship that exists with tendinopathies are described. Objective: to determine the most frequent intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors in patients with tendinopathy of the center for orthopedic specialties in the city of Quito from January 2016 to October 2020. Methodology: cross-sectional descriptive study with review of medical records. The database of Orthopedic Specialties from January 2016 to October 2020 in the city of Quito was reviewed, and patients diagnosed with tendinopathy who met the criteria were included in the sample. With the inclusion criteria to determine the most frequent intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for these pathologies. Results: it is described that the percentage of men and women was 57.71% and 42.29% respectively. The most common tendinopathy was patellar with 42.30%. The most frequent intrinsic risk factors were metabolic diseases: dyslipidemia with 56.39%, overweight with 49.34%, hyperuricemia with 28.19% and hypothyroidism with 20.70%. The most frequent extrinsic risk factors were physical overload and a history of previous high-performance sports discipline with 22.5% and 22.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Patellar and Achilles tendinopathy are the most common in the study. Metabolic diseases are the most frequent intrinsic risk factors and physical overload with a history of being a high-performance athlete are the most frequent extrinsic risk factors in the study.
ANCA Vasculitis associated with IgA Nephropathy - A case report
Authors: NAJI Jamal Eddine , RAFIK Hicham , ELFAROUKI Mohamed Reda , ELABOUDY Imane , HASSANI Mohamed
Published: February 2025

,, ,,Introduction : Neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (NCA)-associated vasculitides are rare systemic disorders characterized by pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis with extracapillary proliferation. IgA nephropathy is characterized by the presence of mesangial IgA deposits, which can lead to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The association of the two entities is rarely described.
Observation : We report the case of a 65-year-old patient admitted for generalized petechial purpura with macroscopic hematuria and renal failure, who underwent renal biopsy revealing IgA mesangial deposits nephropathy at an advanced stage of sclerosis. The patient was put on chronic hemodialysis. Six years later, he was hospitalized for the therapeutic management of pulmonary tuberculosis. After two months of antibacillary treatment, the patient presented with hemoptysis associated with extensive intra-alveolar hemorrhage. Immunological tests revealed highly positive p-ANCA with MPO specificity (>135 IU/mL). The patient was put on corticosteroids and Cyclophosphamide with complete remission, followed by Azathioprine as maintenance therapy.
Discussion: ANCA-positive patients with IgA nephropathy have a more severe clinical presentation and histological lesions, but a better response to treatment. The therapeutic management of this association has not been codified.
Conclusion: The association of IgA nephropathy and ANCA vasculitis is exceptional. One hypothesis suggests the presence of IgA-isotype ANCA, responsible for degranulation of polynuclear cells and interaction with mesangial cells. As the treatment of this association has not been codified, most of the protocols used are similar to those for ANCA vasculitis.
Paclitaxel-induced lupus glomerulonephritis
Authors: NAJI Jamal Eddine , RAFIK Hicham , ELFAROUKI Mohamed Reda , ELABOUDY Imane , HASSANI Mohamed
Published: February 2025

Introduction : Paclitaxel is a pharmaceutical molecule belonging to the taxane family of antimitotic agents, which act by blocking the disassembly of microtubules. Among the rare side effects of this chemotherapy is induced lupus, responsible for the generation of autoantibodies and a clinical presentation less severe than that of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Observation : We report the case of a 69-year-old patient treated 20 years ago for pulmonary tuberculosis and bilateral bronchial adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant Paclitaxel and Carboplatin-based chemotherapy. She was admitted following the discovery of advanced renal failure 6 months after her 3rd course of treatment for glomerular nephropathy syndrome. A renal biopsy showed class IV (A/C) lupus proliferative glomerulonephritis. Immunological tests (AAN, native DNA, Sm, SSa, SSb) were negative, and the C3 fraction of complement was consumed. This suggests systemic lupus with renal tropism and secondary Gougerot Sjögren's syndrome. Treatment consisted of induction therapy with corticoids and Cyclophosphamide. Progression was favourable with Rituximab-based maintenance therapy.
Discussion: The pathophysiological mechanisms of induced lupus are not clearly defined, and many predisposing factors are known. Therapeutic management is essentially based on recognition and discontinuation of the incriminating molecule.
Conclusion: Renal involvement is exceptional in induced lupus. Several predisposing factors are known, mainly genetic. Therapeutic management is that of systemic lupus erythematosus.
EMERGENCARE: MOBILE EMERGENCY ALERT AND SUPPORT SYSTEM
Authors: Asif Raza  , Muzammil Ahmad Khan  , Muhammad Kashif Shaikh  , Osama Ahmed Siddiqui  , Syed Saad Ali  , Jahangir Ahsan
Published: February 2025

EmergenCare is transforming emergency response in Pakistan by addressing issues such as poor infrastructure, delayed assistance, and limited public awareness. Using advanced technology, the app connects individuals in emergencies with nearby drivers and hospitals through real-time location tracking and communication. Its distress signal feature ensures quick alerts, significantly reducing response times and saving lives. Beyond immediate aid, EmergenCare fosters a sense of safety within communities and enhances the overall efficiency of emergency services. Transparency and a user feedback system ensure continuous improvement, reinforcing the app’s commitment to excellence. As EmergenCare evolves, it exemplifies how technology and innovation can tackle critical societal challenges, offering a lifeline to those in need.
OCEAN ACIDIFICATION AND DEGRADATION OF CORAL REEFS: MONITORING OF THE INDICATORS AND INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Imdad Ullah  , Sawaira Aman  , Fawad Yousaf  , Arbaz Khan Khattak  , Hani Alam
Published: February 2025

The most influential impact factor in marine ecosystems, especially coral reefs, is ocean acidification caused by increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂). This article elaborates on the critical link between ocean acidification and degradation of coral reefs, putting emphasis on the monitoring of those environmental indicators and targeted interventions. Coral reefs are the most important elements of biodiversity and coastal protection; they are deteriorating fast under current changes in ocean chemistry, reducing their ability to maintain calcium carbonate structures. The paper examines the main causes and implications of acidification, special consideration is given to the effects on marine organisms such as coral polyps, shellfish, and fish populations. Some of the indicators used to comprehend the process and extent of degradation in coral reefs are water pH, concentration of carbonate ions, and change in temperature. Regional hotspots that are experiencing impacts include the Great Barrier Reef and Southeast Asia, where acidification is more pronounced. The crisis is resulting in the consideration of innovative interventions to reduce damage and improve the resilience of corals. These include practices such as coral gardening, selective breeding for acidification-resistant species, and carbon sequestration as ways to curb CO₂ emission. The paper also further describes policy framework and global co-operation in mitigating the core reasons for ocean acidification. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to provide an integrated scientific awareness, technological application, and grass root approach towards coral reef degradation management. These are some of the critical ecosystems that call for urgent action to safeguard marine biodiversity, food security, and global environmental health.
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF A SMALL-GROUP EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ON NURSES' KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES REGARDING EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
Authors: DR IRAM KHADIM  , Dr. Regidor III Poblete Dioso  , Dr. Qudrat Ullah
Published: February 2025

This cross-sectional study evaluates the effectiveness of a small-group educational program in improving nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) concerning evidence-based practice (EBP). The study employed a mixed-methods approach to assess the impact of the program on the participants. Quantitative data were collected using a pre- and post-intervention Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) survey, while qualitative insights were gathered through focus group discussions. Results showed significant improvements in nurses’ knowledge and attitudes towards EBP, along with enhanced application in clinical practice. This study highlights the importance of tailored educational interventions in promoting evidence-based nursing practices.
SYNERGIZING EDUCATION AND HEALTHCARE: UNPACKING THE TRANSFORMATIVE ROLE OF PHARM.D AND B.Ed. TEACHER EDUCATION
Authors: Ujala Wasim  , Syed Akif Uddin  , Syeda Tayyaba Asif  , Dr Madiha Jamshed  , Mahwish Mahmood Siddiqui  , Humera Naz
Published: February 2025

Aims: The aim of this study is to reveal the impact of Pharm.D and B.Ed. teacher education on different disciplines and to examine the special role that these programs play a critical role in future generations.
 Methodology: Both qualitative and quantitative data gathering and analysis techniques were used in a mixed-methods approach. 500 participants including Pharm.D and B.Ed. students, teachers, and professionals from a variety of fields were given a survey questionnaire.
 Results: Ninety percent of participants acknowledged the importance of Pharm.D and B.Ed. teacher education in promoting critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills, indicating that this education is crucial in forming future generations.
 Discussion: The outcomes demonstrate how Pharm.D and B.Ed. teacher education can significantly impact the development of future generations, with ramifications for a number of fields, including research, healthcare, and education.
COMPARATIVE ULTRASOUND ASSESSMENT OF RENAL PARENCHYMAL THICKNESS AND RENAL FUNCTION TESTS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Ahmad Waqas , Mobeen Hifsa , Ahmad Shah Arsalan Waqas , Mobeen Naima , Rehman Asad ur , Bibi Asma
Published: February 2025

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem with increasing incidence, poor prognosis, and significant economic burden. Early detection and monitoring are crucial in mitigating adverse outcomes. Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, cost-effective tool for evaluating renal function, particularly renal parenchymal thickness, in CKD patients.
 Objective: To compare renal parenchymal thickness using ultrasound findings between CKD patients and healthy controls, and to evaluate differences in renal function tests (RFTs) between these two groups.
 Methods: This case-control study involved 64 CKD patients and 64 healthy controls. Renal parenchymal thickness was measured via ultrasound, while serum creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were assessed as part of the RFTs. Statistical analyses were performed to compare these parameters between the groups.
 Results: CKD patients exhibited significantly lower mean parenchymal thickness (8.51 ± 3.03 mm) compared to controls (15.82 ± 1.78 mm, p < 0.001). Serum creatinine was significantly elevated in CKD patients (9.05 ± 5.14 mg/dL) compared to controls (1.05 ± 0.25 mg/dL, p < 0.001). Similarly, eGFR was markedly reduced in CKD patients (14.01 ± 15.04 mL/min/1.73m²) relative to controls (106.56 ± 7.92 mL/min/1.73m², p < 0.001).
 Conclusions: Renal parenchymal thickness, serum creatinine, and eGFR are significant and independent predictors of CKD progression. Ultrasonography is a reliable, non-invasive diagnostic tool for assessing structural renal changes in CKD.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF CERIUM DOPING ON THE CHEMICAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF LANTHANUM PHOSPHATE NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Muhammad Salman  , Zeeshan Mahmood  , Aurangzaib  , Kanwal Akhtar  , Aneela Din Muhammad  , Waseem Sajjad Tahir  , Muhammad Iqbal  , Yasir Javeed
Published: February 2025

Synthesis of cerium doped lanthanum phosphate nanoparticles is described here by simple co-precipitation technique. The phase, morphology and composition 2.0 mol% Ce and 6.0 mol% Ce doped lanthanum phosphate were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirms the water vibration modes at a specific wave number along with a phosphate group and variation in wave numbers when cerium is incorporated in to lanthanum phosphate. Infrared spectral data presented for the produced sample were recorded on a Fourier transform spectrometer with the scan range of 650-4000 cm⁻¹. For the excitation and monitor photoluminescence (PL), the spectra as well as the PL were also obtained. Luminescent Co₃⁺ doped LaPO₄ when synthesized at 2.0 and 6.0 mole % was seen to exhibit PL emission. UV spectroscopic analyses show that the present absorption bands are located in the ultraviolet region and noticeably depend on the presence of dopant ions. The created samples can be sued in various lighting and display application devices.
Spectrophotometric Estimation of Tolperisone Hydrochloride and Diclofenac Sodium in Synthetic Mixture by Dual Wavelength Method
Authors: Patel Hiral H.
Published: February 2025

This method describes simple, sensitive, rapid, accurate, precise and economical derivative spectroscopic method for the simultaneous determination of tolperisone hydrochloride (TOL) and diclofenac sodium (DIC) in bulk and synthetic mixture. In this study, dual wavelength spectroscopic method was used for simultaneous determination of tolperisone hydrochloride and diclofenac sodium using the absorbance difference at two wavelengths. The absorbance differences of 257 nm and 306.20 nm were selected for the estimation of TOL and the absorbance differences of 243.40 nm and 265.40 nm were selected for estimation of DIC. The method was found to be linear (r2>0.999) in the range of 2- 18 μg/ml for tolperisone hydrochloride. The linear correlation was obtained (r2>0.997) in the range of 2- 18 μg/ml for diclofenac sodium. The limit of determination was 0.66 and 0.27 μg/ml for tolperisone hydrochloride and diclofenac sodium respectively. The limit of quantification was 2.00 and 0.83 μg/ml. The method was successfully applied for simultaneous determination of tolperisone hydrochloride and diclofenac sodium in binary mixture.
Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) in Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome
Authors: Bawa G
Published: February 2025

Opioids are powerful pain relievers; use of opioids for the treatment of pain has been associated with the potential disadvantages including development of tolerance, dependence. Drug addiction represents one of the major medical, social and economic burdens of human behavior. Various pathways and cytokines are involved in opioid withdrawal. The cytokine, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of many chronic inflammatory diseases and its increased level also caused withdrawal syndrome. Glial celss also play important role in opioid withdrawal. Identification of glial-mediated mechanism inducing opioid side effects includes cytokine receptor, κ-opioid reepor, NMDA receptor and toll like receptor (TLR). Glial activation through TLR leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) acting on neurons which is important in the complex syndrome of opioid dependence and withdrawal. Moreover, agents targeting the TNF-α such as AV411, thalidomide and rdp58, all show varied but promising files for providing significant relief from opioid side effects.
LC-MS Method Development and Quantification by LC-MS in Marketed Formulations
Authors: Khurana Lakshika
Published: February 2025

A simple, sensitive method has been developed for the quantitative estimation of Telmisartan (TELM) in the pharmaceutical formulations. Chromatographic separation was achieved on Merck chromolith RP18column (25mmX4.6mm). The flow rate was 0.5 ml/min and the injection volume was 5μL .An isocratic programme was used as ACN: water(0.1% formic acid, v/v); in the ratio, 55:45). Theretention time of Telmisartan was found to be 4.12 min. Calibration plots were linear and correlation coefficient (R2) 0.997. Theproposed method was validated by testing its linearity, recovery and LOD/LOQ values andit was successfully employed for the determination of Telmisartan in pharmaceutical tabletformulations.
Editorial
Authors: Rathore Dr. K.S.
Published: February 2025

The Pharmamedix have attracted a plethora of scientific researchers and pharma fraternity all over India and around the globe since its beginning. During this time, an ample number of research and review scientific papers have been published in the larger interest of budding pharmacists, aimed for promoting good scientific work in the field of pharmaceutical and biological sciences. This shows that the Pharmamedix has proven its competence, influence, and reliability to regularly appear in unique publication. During these years, the Pharmamedix has been successful in maintaining its apt and quality publication.
Mango: Carotenoids
Authors: KAMBHAM VENKATESWARLU
Published: February 2025

Mango also referred to as the king of tropical fruits. Mangois an important fruit cropcultivated in tropical regions. Colour pigments are also termed as Carotenoids which are responsible for the characteristic colour ofmango outside colour and pulp. Carotenoids also have a key role in biological functions of animalsand plants.
An Overview of Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Study in Human Subject
Authors: Ijaz Hira
Published: February 2025

Currently drug bioavailability has become a subject of interest not only in drug development, but also in the early stages of drug discovery. This is on sequence of the finding that most of the drugs candidate that failed in clinical trials did so because of problems with ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) and toxicology, rather than through lack of efficacy. Efforts are being made in the pharmaceutical industry to improve success rates by taking into account ADME and toxicology aspects in drug discovery from very early one. Therefore, it is not surprising to see that the number of publications on drug bioavailability has been increasing steadily for some time. In this review, attention is focused to briefly discuss some terms of bioavailability, relative bioavailability, bioequivalence, formulation and manufacturing variables that could influence the bioavailability of a drug product, physiologic and other factors affecting bioavailability, characteristics of drugs with the greater potential for a bioavailability problem, assessment of bioavailability from pharmacologic as well as therapeutic response, bioavailability of drugs versus dietary supplements, causes of low bioavailability and different approaches to improve it based on biopharmaceutical classification system. Thus approaches to improve drug solubility as well as drug permeability are the important strategies in order to enhance the bioavailability of drugs.
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Authors: Shahid khan Mohammed
Published: February 2025

The pre-clinical toxicity studies are generally conducted to obtain the basic toxicological profile of new chemical entities (NCE). The toxicological data are used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NCE. One of the most important aspects of safety pharmacology is the evaluation of genotoxicity potential of the new chemical entities (NCE). Genotoxicity studies are conducted both at nonclinical and clinical levels. Regulatory authorities all over the world require data on the genotoxic potential of NCE as part of the safety evaluation process. Moreover, it is the requirement of OECD guidelines also that a drug molecule should be evaluated for the genotoxicity for its safety. For the evaluation of genotoxicity the bone marrow micronucleus test has been the most suitable test along with some other simultaneously used tests viz., chromosomal aberrations, comet assay and sperm morphology test. This battery of tests would ensure a 100% accurate genotoxicity testing. These assays have been used mainly for the prediction of carcinogenicity and genotoxicity because compounds which are positive in these tests have the potential to be human carcinogens and/or mutagens. A 'negative' on these crucial tests takes the sample drug one step closer the market. Keyword: Genotoxicity, Chromosomal Aberration, Comet Assay, Sperm Morphology.
AN- OVER REVIEW OF ANTIBIOTICS
Authors: Patel Hemant
Published: February 2025

Antibiotics are the antimicrobial agent or antibacterial agent, they having both bactericidal or bacteriostatic action against microorganism. first antibiotic in 1877 when he observed that certain bacteria release substances that kill other bacteria unknowingly described by louis pasteur. some of the antibiotics like sulfonamide they active against gram positive or gram negative bacterial also. and penicillin and its like derivative etc. we call broad spectrum antibiotic. and they act by alteration of protein synthesis, antimetabolite activity, inhibition of cell wall synthesis and inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis etc. they produce also resistance because of misuse of antibiotics ,anomalous combinations ,enhanced transmission of resistance factors, and the reservoir hypothesis.
Effect of inflammatory mediators and their inhibitors on Dementia
Authors: Dutta Deepika
Published: February 2025

Dementia is a decline of cognitive functions (reasoning, memory, and other mental disorders). It is caused by a damage in the brain tissue, causing disturbed brain functioning. Studies on Alzheimer’s have led to major revaluation of concept such as ‘Neuroinflammation’. Proinflammatory mediators released by activated glial cells during brain inflammation have been proposed to contribute to neuropatholology underlying cognitive deficits. Glial- derived proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β set a spectrum of signalling events which influence in neurological disease and disorder. These proinflammatory cytokines induce nitric oxide synthase and COX-2 activity in astrocytes, leading to release of free radicals and oxidative stress causing neuronal death. NSAIDS have been reported to reduce the risk for AD, by decreasing neuroinflammation. Further double-blind clinical trial of COX-1 inhibitor showed arrest in the progression of disease, but due to serious side effects of NSAIDS their use in geriatric population is limited. As there are various inflammatory mediators involved in inflammation, they can be used as a new therapeutic approach in AD, such as TNF-α inhibitors, IL-1 inhibitors, new COX or Prostaglandins modulators. In this review we will discuss about the role of inflammatory mediators in Pathophysiology of neuroinflammation leading to dementia and role of their inhibitors in treatment of dementia.
Studies on Dissolution Rate of Marketed Preparation of Enteric Coated Diclofenic-Sodium Tablets
Authors: Singh Surya Pratap
Published: February 2025

The present study was performed to illustrate the effect of pH on dissolution profile of diclofenac sodium tablets. Diclofenac sodium has analgesic, antipyretic and anti- inflammatory activities. The in vitro dissolution profiles were found to be varying for each tablet, but within the prescribed limit. In vitro dissolution tests can be used to guide formulation developments, identify critical manufacturing variables, monitor formulation quality from batch to batch, predict the in vivo performances and also serve as a surrogate for bioavailability and bioequivalence. The coating with any system is an easy and economical approach for preparing stable diclofenac sodium coat. Diclofenac sodium enteric coated tablets in order to prevent its release in the stomach and facilitate immediate release of the drug in the duodenum.
Design and Development of Alfuzosin Hydrochloride Floating Tablet
Authors: Patel Ronak
Published: February 2025

The purpose of present research was to develop and optimize prolong release floating tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride which has narrow absorption window in proximal intestine to improve patient compliance and therapeutic efficiency in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The system was designed to provide floating tablet by using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose. Different batches of tablets containing 10 mg of alfuzosin were prepared using by direct compression technique. Formulations were prepared using 32 factorial design and the type of polymer and diluents was taken as independent variables. The percentage drug release at 1,6,12 and 20 hours; floating lag time; diffusion exponent (n) and release rate constant were selected as dependent variable. Formulations were evaluated for their physical properties, drug content and in vitro drug release. All formulations had good physical integrity. Drug release from floating tablet was carried out for the 24 hour and showed that the release rate was highly significant to different grades of Methocel and type of diluents. Formulation batch F6 gave the continuous drug release for the 24 hours with Fickian diffusion type drug release mechanism and considered as optimum based on pre and post compression evaluations of the formulations. Study shows that floating drug delivery system is very useful system for prolong drug release control of highly soluble drugs.
Cancer (Sartan) and Its Management in Unani (Greco-Arab) System of Medicine
Authors: Alam Anzar
Published: February 2025

Cancer patients are specially exploring the use of complementary and alternative medicine, because of the high risk of mortality and long-term morbidity associated with surgical procedures of cancer management and high side effects of chemotherapy. Sartan is an arabic word which means crab (cancer). According to Unani (Greco-Arab) medicine sartan is essentially disease of black bile (sauda) i.e. excessive production and collection of sauda. Sartan mostly occurs in soft tissues (Az’ae Ratab) like breast, uterus, stomach, intestine, pancreas, prostate, oral cavity & lungs etc. According to Ibn Sina sartan is a tumor arising from “burning” of sauda humor, by burning it is meant that the increase of innate heat, it become pathological. The Unani philosophy is that; cancer is end stage of the degeneration of metabolic efficiency of the body, the extinguishing of the innate heat brought on primarily by incorrect diet and other imbalances in various aspect of patient’s life usually occurring over a period of time. So, the principle of management of sartan described in unani medicine is totally emphasized upon to prevent the collection of sauda with the help of venesection (fas’d), use of melanogogue drugs like Cuscuta reflexa, Citrullus collocynthis and non irritative moderate resolvant drugs along with some dietary regimen like nabeez(arisht), kashkusshaeer (easily digestible food), maul jubn(cow’s churned milk), strained vegetables(bathwa, kaddu) and squash(Kasni, cholai) etc.
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Meropenem and Sulbactam Sodium in Combined Dosage Form
Authors: Patel Sannil R
Published: February 2025

simple, precise and accurate reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RPHPLC) method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Meropenem and Sulbactam Sodium from formulation. The chromatographic separation was performed on Hypersil C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d, 5 μm particle size). Mobile phase consisted of a mixture of phosphate buffer (0.1 M KH2PO4, pH : 5), acetonitrile and methanol in the ratio of 90: 05: 05, v/v/v at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 230 nm. The proposed method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ. The calibration was linear over the range of 5-50 μg/ml for Meropenem and 5-50 μg/ml for Sulbactam Sodium. The retention times were 4.5 ± 0.004 min for Sulbactam sodium and 6.6 ± 0.008 min for Meropenem. The mean recoveries were 100.4 ± 0.61 and 98.5 ± 0.46 for Meropenem and Sulbactam sodium, respectively. The method can be easily adopted for quality control analysis.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and In Vitro Thrombolytic Potential of The Methanolic Extract of Enhydra Fluctuans Lour (Leaves)
Authors: Ali Md. Ramjan
Published: February 2025

Investigation with methanol extract of Enhydra fluctuans Leaves was carried out to evaluate its thrombolytic potential andto find out possible phytochemical nature.Preliminary phytochemical analysis of methanolic extract showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, phenols, tannin, proteins and amino acids, gum and mucilages and triterpenes.A quick & rapid methodology (In-vitro Thrombolytic model) was applied to find out their thrombolytic potential where streptokinase and distilled water were employed as positive and negative controls, respectivelyThe thrombolytic nature of the plant was found significant (p < 0.001) when compared with the negative control (water) at different dosesThe plant showed significant clot lysis, i.e. 15.98 ± 2.88%, 21.56 ± 3.32%, 24.78 ± 1.59%, 28.67± 4.51%, and 31.25± 1.96% at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/ml concentrations respectively, while the standard (streptokinase) and negative control (distilled water) showed 40.13 ± 1.65% and2.56±1.23% clot lysis respectively.Through our study, it was found that E. fluctuanspossess thrombolytic property that could lyse blood clots in vitro; however, in vivo clot dissolving properties and active component(s) of this extract for clot lysis are yet to be discovered.
Reverse Phase HPLC Method for Estimation of Acelofenac and Pregabaline in Combined Dossage Form
Authors: Tripathi Akshay
Published: February 2025

A simple, precise, accurate and rapid reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic isocratic method has been developed for the estimation of Aceclofenac (ACF), and Pregabaline in tablet dosage form. The mixed standard solution containing of Pregabalin and Aceclofenac were chromatographed with mobile phase of different ratio of Buffer and acetonitrile, respectively at different pH values. (0.02MKH2PO4)-ACN-TEA 65-35-0.1 ph4.5 with H3PO4) , RP-18 (E-Merck, 5 μm, 4.0 x 250 mm) column was selected over the other columns. This RP-18 (E-Merck, 5 μm, 4.0 x 250 mm) column has an embedded polar groups and which are more stable at lower pH and high Carbon loads, which provide high peak purity and more retention to polar drugs and facilitates the separation of impurity peaks within a very short run time.  Injection volume – 10 μl  Column temperature – 250 C  Sample temperature – 250 C  Flow rate- 1.5ml/min  λmax- 205nm
Peningkatan Keterampilan Dasar Komputer melalui Pelatihan Mengetik Pada SMKN 1 Tabukan Tengah Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe
Authors: Silangen Miske , Israel Ella H. , Sakur Stendy B. , Tuwohingide Desmin , Papuas Alfrianus
Published: February 2025

Pelatihan mengetik menjadi salah satu langkah strategis untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dasar komputer siswa, khususnya di SMA Negeri 1 Tahuna. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kecepatan dan akurasi mengetik siswa melalui metode pelatihan yang terstruktur. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan pre-test dan post-test untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pelatihan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan rata-rata kecepatan mengetik siswa meningkat dari 29,61 kata per menit pada pre-test menjadi 39,19 kata per menit pada post-test, dengan peningkatan sebesar 9,58 kata per menit. Selain itu, akurasi mengetik siswa juga mengalami peningkatan, dari rata-rata 69,14% menjadi 78,92%, dengan peningkatan sebesar 9,78%. Data ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan tidak hanya efektif dalam meningkatkan efisiensi mengetik, tetapi juga mengurangi tingkat kesalahan secara signifikan. Pelatihan ini berhasil mencapai tujuannya dalam membekali siswa dengan keterampilan mengetik yang lebih baik dan mendukung kesiapan mereka menghadapi dunia kerja yang semakin mengandalkan teknologi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar pengembangan pelatihan mengetik serupa dengan metode yang lebih inovatif di masa depan.