bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Individualized treatment of deep neck space infections A retrospective analysis of 51 patients
Authors: Tian Chunhui , Zhao Renwu , Liu Yehai
Published: January 2024

Objectives Aim of this study was to investigate clinical characteristics
and individualized treatment experience of different types of deep neck
space infections(DNSI) . Design Retrospective study. Setting Tertiary
Referral Otolaryngology Centre. Participants 51 subjects with deep neck
space infections. Main outcome measures In 51 subjects with DNSI, 15
cases were not treated with abscess incision and drainage; 36 cases were
treated by incision, drainage and dressing change: 23 cases were treated
with traditional incision and drainage and dressing change; 13 cases
were given the combined treatment of incision and drainage, pyogenic
cavity aerobic therapy and negative pressure drainage. The average
number of days of dressing change and average hospital stay were
compared between the two groups Results The
average hospitalization days in the traditional dressing group were
(26.74±3.393) days, and the average days of postoperative dressing
change were (25.91±3.427) days. The average hospitalization days in
pyogenic cavity aerobic therapy + negative pressure drainage were
(11.08±2.108) days, and the average days of postoperative dressing
change were (3.692±0.208) days. All 51 patients were cured. Conclusion
Individualized treatment can minimize the trauma of patients according
to each patient’s own situation. The pyogenic cavity aerobic therapy has
proved to be a good method for dressing change after deep neck space
infections, and the satisfactory curative effect.
Evaluation of Factors Associated with the Detection of Incidental Prostate Cancer after Open Prostatectomy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Kizilkan Yalcin , Senel Samet , Balci Melih , Yıldızhan Mehmet , Aykanat Ibrahim Can , Eroglu Unsal , Aktas Binhan Kagan , Bulut Suleyman , güzel özer , Gokkaya Cevdet Serkan , Aslan Yılmaz , Özden Cüneyt , Tuncel Altug
Published: January 2024

Aim: To evaluate the incidental prostate cancer (PCa) rate and
predictive factors in patients who underwent open prostatectomy (OP)
with a pre-diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods:
This cross-sectional, retrospective study included patients with a
pre-diagnosis of BPH, who underwent OP due to symptomatic prostate
enlargement. Our database included age, medications, prostate-specific
antigen (PSA), free/total PSA ratio, PSA density, digital rectal
examination (DRE), prostate volume, serum neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,
platelet/lymphocyte ratio, aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine
aminotransferase (ALT) ratio, presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and
histopathological results after OP. Results: Of the 430 patients that
underwent OP with a pre-diagnosis of BPH, 406 (94.4%) with a benign
pathological diagnosis were evaluated as the benign group in and 24
(5.6%) detected to have PCa constituted the incidental PCa group. In
the univariate analysis, age, AST/ALT ratio, MetS, and DRE significantly
differed between the groups (p=0.008, p=0.005, p=0.004 and
p<0.001, respectively). The rate of incidental PCa was much
higher in the elderly patients. The cut-off value of age was 71.5 years
in the PCa group according to the receiver operating characteristic
curve analysis. According to the multivariate analysis, only DRE and
presence of MetS were effective in predicting PCa. DRE was found 16
times more effective and MetS was 2.8 times more effective than the
other parameters. Conclusion: Our results showed that DRE and presence
of MetS can be useful predictive factors of incidental PCa in OP.
Vaccine and vaccination as a part of human life: in view of Covid-19
Authors: Megha KB , Seema Nayar , mohanan PV
Published: January 2024

Vaccination created a breakthrough towards the improvement to the global
health. The development of vaccine and practice made substantial control
in infectious diseases. The abundance and emergence of new vaccines has
facilitated targeting populations to alleviate and eliminate contagious
pathogens from their innate reservoir. However, along with the
infections like malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),
effective immunisation remains obscure and imparts a great challenge
unto the realm of science. The vaccines developed after utilizing plant
based system supported technology comprises the incorporation of the
preferred genes to express the specific protein (antigen) for a
particular disease condition into the genome of plant tissues using
several techniques. Though plant-supported vaccines propose several
benefits to the vaccine industry, still there remain challenges that
limit the rate of effective production of vaccines of this
third-generation. A novel Corona virus SARS-CoV-2 reason for causing
Corona virus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) crashed the human population and
rapidly spread round the world within the half of 2020 created a
worldwide epidemic. The need for establishing a protected and compelling
COVID-19 immunization is a global requirement to end this pandemic. Even
though there exist lot of limitations, continuous efforts has put
forward so as to develop highly competent and effective vaccine for many
human and animal linked diseases due to its unlimited prospective. This
review article focus on the historical outlook and the development of
the vaccine as it is a crucial area of research where the life of the
human is saved from various potential diseases.
Quantum computational, spectroscopic investigations on fomepizole (4-Methyl-1H-Pyrazole) by DFT/TD-DFT with different solvents and molecular docking studies
Authors: Pooja Km. , Garima Km , Savita Sandhya , Verma Indresh , Siddiqui Nazia , Javed Saleem
Published: January 2024

4-Methylpyrazole (4MP) with the trade name Fomepizole is a derivative of
pyrazole was studied by Density Functional Theory (DFT) with basis set
6-311++G(d,p). Using the B3LYP method and above basis set bond distance,
bond angle and vibrational spectroscopy investigation was done. This
method was used to get optimized structure, vibrational frequencies, and
various other parameters. This work involves vibrational spectral
analysis with the help of quantum mechanical computation. The
computational results of IR were compared with reported experimental
data, binding energies, elliptically and isosurface projection
determined by Atom in molecule theory (AIM). The HOMO-LUMO mapping was
reported which reveals the chemical activity in the molecule and the
bandgap between HOMO to LUMO showed by the Frontier Molecular Orbital
(FMO) energies. Chemically active sites of the molecule are obtained by
Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and Fukui Function. UV-Visible
spectra calculated with the help of the TDDFT/IEFPCM method using
optimized parameters in different solvents obtained and compared with
reported spectrum. NBO analysis showed the charge transfer between
bonding and antibonding orbital. The like drug-likeness and molecular
docking with 4 proteins were also done.
Effects of dedifferentiated fat cells on neurogenic differentiation and cell proliferation in neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Hidaka Ayano , Uekusa Shota , Hosokawa Takashi , Kaneda Hide , Kazama Tomohiko , Hagikura Kazuhiro , Uehara Shuichiro , Koshinaga Tsugumichi , Matsumoto Taro
Published: January 2024

Background: Recent reports have demonstrated the ability of mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) to induce differentiation of neuroblastoma (NB) cells.
Properties of dedifferentiated fat cells (DFAT) are similar to those of
MSCs. In this study, we investigated if DFAT can induce NB cell
differentiation and suppress cell proliferation. Procedure: DFAT was
obtained from mature adipocytes isolated from adipose tissue from a
ceiling culture. NB cells were cultured in a medium with or without
DFAT. Subsequently, these cells were cultured in a DFAT-conditioned
medium (CM) with or without phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)
inhibitor. The neurites lengths were measured, and the mRNA expression
levels of the neurofilament (NF) and tubulin beta III (TUBβ3) were
assessed using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Cell viability was
assessed by the WST-1 assay.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy in Denmark – characteristics and outcomes after confirmed infection in pregnancy: a nationwide, prospective, population-based cohort study
Authors: Aabakke Anna , Krebs Lone , Petersen Tanja , Kjeldsen Frank , Corn Giulia , Wøjdemann Karen , Ibsen Mette , Jonsdottir Fjola , Rønneberg Elisabeth , Andersen Charlotte , Sundtoft Iben , Clausen Tine , Milbak Julie , Burmester Lars , Lindved Birgitte , Thorsen-Meyer Annette , Khalil Mohammed , Henriksen Birgitte , Jønsson Lisbeth , Andersen Lise Lotte , Karlsen Kamilla , Pedersen Monica , Klemmensen Aase , Vestgaard Marianne , Thisted Dorthe , Tatla Manrinder , Andersen Line , Brülle Anne-Line , Gulbech Arense , Andersson Charlotte , Farlie Richard , Hansen Lea , Hvidman Lone , Sørensen Anne , Rathcke Sidsel , Rubin Katrine , Petersen Lone , Joergensen Jan Stener , Stokholm Lonny , Bliddal Mette
Published: January 2024

Objective To identify risk factors for and outcomes after SARS-CoV-2
infection and severe COVID-19 in pregnancy Design Prospective
population-based cohort study Setting Denmark Population All pregnancies
between 1 March and 31 October 2020 Methods Using data from the Danish
National Patient Register and Danish Microbiology Database and
prospectively registered data from medical records, we compared women
with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test during pregnancy to non-infected
pregnant women. Severe infection was defined as hospital admission due
to COVID-19. Main Outcome Measures Pregnancy, delivery, maternal, and
neonatal outcomes. Results Among 82,682 pregnancies, 418 women had
SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, corresponding to an incidence of
5.1 per 1000 pregnancies, 23 (5.5%) of which required hospital
admission due to COVID-19. Risk factors for infection were asthma (OR
2.19 [1.41–3.41]) and being foreign born (OR 2.12
[1.70–2.64]). Risk factors for hospital admission due to COVID-19
included obesity (OR 2.74 [1.00–7.51]), smoking (OR 4.69
[1.58–13.90]), infection after gestational age in weeks (GA) 22 (GA
22–27: OR 3.77 [1.16–12.29]; GA 28–36: OR 4.76 [1.60–14.12])
and having asthma (OR 4.53 [1.39–14.79]). We found no difference in
any obstetric or neonatal outcomes. Conclusions Severe outcomes of
SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy are rare. Funding The Danish Ministry
of Higher Education and Science (Reg. 0237-00007B) and The Region of
Southern Denmark and Region Zealand’s shared fund for joint health
research projects (Reg. A767) Keywords Severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2; COVID-19; Obstetric delivery; Pregnancy complications;
Pregnancy outcome; Cohort studies; Prospective studies.
Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is Plausible During Pregnancy and Vaginal Delivery: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Milbak Julie , Holten Victoria , Axelsson Paul , Bendix Jane , Aabakke Anna , Nielsen Lene , Friis Martin Barfred , Løkkegaard Ellen , Jensen Claus , Olsen Tina , Rode Line , Clausen Tine
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate if SARS-CoV-2 is detectable in vaginal swabs and
whether antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are present in maternal and
umbilical cord blood of pregnant women with COVID-19. Design:
Prospective cohort study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, Copenhagen University Hospital – North Zealand, Denmark.
Population: Pregnant women tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in a
pharyngeal swab between August 20th, 2020 and March 1st, 2021 who gave
birth during the same period. Methods: Maternal blood sample and vaginal
swabs were collected at inclusion. If included during pregnancy, these
samples were repeated at delivery in addition to an umbilical cord blood
sample. Swabs were analysed for SARS-CoV-2 and blood samples for
SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies. Placental and neonatal swabs were performed
on clinical indications. Main outcome measures: SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal
swabs and SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies in maternal and umbilical cord
blood. Results: We included 28 women, hereof 4 serious maternal or fetal
outcomes including 1 neonatal death. Within the first eight days after a
maternal positive pharyngeal swab, SARS-CoV-2 was detectable in two
vaginal (2/28) and two placental swabs (2/4), whereas SARS-CoV-2
antibodies were detected in 1/13 women. After eight days, SARS-CoV-2 was
not detectable in vaginal swabs and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were observed
in 19/21 of women. Antibodies in cord blood of seropositive mothers
appeared after 16 days. Conclusion: Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2
seems plausible since SARS-CoV-2 is detectable in the vagina up to eight
days after a positive pharyngeal swab at which time the neonate is not
yet protected by antibodies.
q-Chebyshev polynomials and its q-classical and q-Laguerre-Hahn character
Authors: Mejri Manoubi
Published: January 2024

In this work we give some properties of the q -Chebyshev polyno- mials,
its perturbed of order one and its rst associated polynomials through
the Stieltjes function associated with their regular forms (linear
functional). Some connection formulas are highlighted. Also the integral
representation of those forms are given.
Prove the Existence and Uniqueness of the Solution to an Equation for a Partial Differential Equation by Using a Continuous Function and Some Optional Conditions
Authors: JALEL ODAY
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this paper is to develop the wave equation v_tt-v_xx=0
through the use of an optional function B(x) and some initial and
boundary conditions, where the existence and uniqueness of the solution
have been demonstrated by using the maximum and minimum principle, we
give examples which show that the possibility of drawing.
Qualitative analysis of reaction-diffusion host pathogen model with saturation incidence
Authors: Jian Shuang , Liu Yiming , Gao Jianguo
Published: January 2024

This paper studies the model of host pathogen with saturation and
spatial heterogeneity. In the study of infectious diseases, the rate of
saturation and spatial heterogeneity is an important factor affecting
the spread of disease. First, since the solution semiflow of the model
lacks of compactness, we prove the well-posedness of the model by
verifying the smoothness of the semiflow. Then the basic reproduction
number $R_0$ is determined, and its threshold effect is proved: when
$R_0<1$, the system is globally asymptotically at the
disease-free equilibrium; when $R_0>1$, we give the
solution of the system that not only is uniformly persistent but also
has a positive steady state. In addition, we analyze that the critical
condition of $R_0=1$, that is, the global asymptotic stability of the
disease free steady state remains true. The conclusions obtained in this
paper can play a certain supporting role in the prevention and treatment
of infectious diseases.
Statistical analysis of aromatic interactions in globular proteins
Authors: Lobanov Mikhail , Pereyaslavets Leonid , Likhachev Ilya , Matkarimov Bakhyt , Galzitskaya Oxana
Published: January 2024

The clustering of protein structures from the Protein Data Bank (PDB)
was performed. The analysis of the conformation of interacting aromatic
residues was carried out for 511 282 pairs in 35 493 protein structures
with 50% identity. In proteins, pairs with parallel arrangement of
aromatic residues make up 6.2% of all possible ones, which is twice as
much as expected, pairs with perpendicular arrangement of aromatic
residues make up 25%. We have demonstrated that 60° is the most
favorable arrangement of aromatic residues in pairs, as in proteins, and
for an exhaustive enumeration of all conformations of aromatic residues
in pairs. Among all possible aromatic pairs, the His-His pair is found
in proteins twice as often as the expected frequency of the pairs, and
the His-Phe pair turned out to be less than expected one. A server (CARP
– Contacts of Aromatic Residues in Proteins) has been created for
calculating the general parameters/properties of interacting aromatic
residues in globular proteins
http://bioproteom.protres.ru/arom_q_prog/.
Parent/carers opinions about COVID-19 vaccination for children with chronic lung diseases
Authors: Homaira Nusrat , Chan Mei , Owens Louisa , Thomsen Amanda , Gray Melinda , Chuang Sandra , Prentice Bernadette , Belessis Yvonne , Islam Saiful , Foster Juliet , Jaffe Adam
Published: January 2024

Children with chronic lung diseases (CLDs) comprise a priority
population for vaccination. In a survey of 202 parents/carers on
COVID-19 vaccine acceptability for children with CLDs, 84% agreed
COVID-19 vaccine should be prioritised for children with CLDs and 77%
were likely to get their children vaccinated. However, 30% of those
likely to vaccinate were unsure about vaccine safety. Concerns around
side effects (83%) and safety (43%) were the major reasons cited by
parent/carers (n=42) not likely to have their children vaccinated. Risk
communication highlighting safety of COVID-19 vaccine in paediatric
high-risk population may improve uptake when a vaccine becomes
available.
A Framework for Soil Microbial Ecology in Urban Environments
Authors: Nugent Andie , Allison Steven
Published: January 2024

Urban ecosystems, although highly altered by humans, host diverse
microbiomes that support vital ecosystem processes. While microbial
ecologists are beginning to understand the drivers of microbial assembly
and the link between community structure and function in many
ecosystems, few of these advances have been applied to urban ecosystems.
In this synthesis, we review research on the urban soil microbiome and
develop a framework to integrate soil microbial communities with urban
ecosystem function. We identify disturbance, altered resources, and
heterogeneity as key drivers through which urbanization affects soils
and soil microorganisms. Steep environmental gradients in many urban
systems present a unique opportunity to address fundamental questions in
microbial ecology, such as how microbes respond to stress and how
biogeochemical rates relate to microbial diversity and composition.
Answering such questions will help develop practical and equitable
strategies for managing ecosystem benefits in cities where billions of
people live.
Use of stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence as diagnostic tools for the prompt detection of brown root rot pathogen
Authors: Yazaki Kenichi , Kimura Fuku , Zhang Chunhua , Levia Delphis , Akiba Mitsuteru , Saiki Shin-Taro , Ishida Atsushi , Kojima Mikiko , Takebayashi Yumiko , Sakakibara Hitoshi , Maruyama Yutaka , Ota Yuko , Sahashi Norio
Published: January 2024

Brown root rot, caused by infection of the basidiomycete Phellinus
noxius (Corner) G. Cunn., threatens trees in forests, orchards and
plantations of tropical regions. Here, we demonstrate the use of
stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence as diagnostic tools
for the early detection of brown root rot using artificially inoculated
seedlings of two tree species of different functional types,
semi-deciduous Bischofia javanica Blume and evergreen
Rhaphiolepis umbellata (Thunb.) Makino. Stomatal closure seemed
to be the primary reaction to root decay, without either species
exhibiting a decrease in root hydraulic conductance associated with
hyphae invasion or change in stem water potential. The parameters of
chlorophyll fluorescence showed linear responses to hyphae invasion. The
Calvin cycle as well as the amount of carbohydrates and abscisic acid
were all altered in relation to hyphal invasion of the roots, with
extent of change depending on species. These physiological responses
were detected earlier than the appearance of visible disease symptoms.
Although there were some differences in chlorophyll fluorescence
response between the two species, our results have demonstrated that
prompt measurements of stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence
can be used for the early detection of the infection of brown root rot.
A retrospective study on the prevalence of isolated otolith dysfunction in a local tertiary hospital
Authors: De Kenneth Chua Wei , Yuen Heng Wai , Low David , Kamath Savitha
Published: January 2024

Objective: Patients with dizziness may present with symptoms of tilting,
swaying, rocking, floating or with disequilibrium. This may be
suggestive of an isolated otolithic dysfunction yet, there is little
emphasis on this emerging clinical entity. To characterize and describe
the prevalence of isolated otolith dysfunction in a local tertiary
hospital and correlate them with clinical diagnosis. Design:
Retrospective medical chart review of patients who presented with
dizziness to the specialist outpatient Otolaryngology clinic, who
required vestibular laboratory investigation. Results: Of the 206
patients, more than half of them (52.4%) fulfilled the criteria for
either probable or definite isolated otolith dysfunction. When there are
clinical symptoms of otolith dysfunction reported, there is a 1.62 odds
of a remarkable laboratory otolith finding. The most common clinical
finding was “no clear diagnosis” (65.5%) followed by Vestibular
Migraine (13.6%). Conclusion: The prevalence of isolated otolith
dysfunction is quite high. Laboratory tests of otolith function should
be performed more routinely. This can be done in a sequential way to
optimize cost effectiveness in countries with no insurance
reimbursement. Prospective cohort studies on isolated otolith
dysfunction, will lay the groundwork for achieving diagnostic consensus
and formulating rehabilitation plans to aid this group of patients.
Keywords: Vestibular disorders, balance, equilibrium, otolith
dysfunction, vestibular-evoked myogenic potential.
Astrovirus VA1/HMO encephalitis after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: significant role of immune competence in virus control
Authors: Król Ladislav , Turkiewicz Dominik , Nordborg Karin , Englund Elisabet , Stenberg Lars , Lindsjö Oskar Karlsson , Karlberg Maria Lind , Pronk Cornelis
Published: January 2024

Neurotrophic human Astrovirus (HAstV) VA1/HMO can cause severe
encephalitis in immunocompromised patients. Advanced diagnostic tools
are often required for diagnosis. Previous studies have described cases
of acute HAstV VA1/HMO encephalitis that developed after allogeneic
hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) with a fatal outcome. Here, we
describe a rare case of a patient that survived severe progressive HAstV
VA1/HMO encephalitis following HCT. The halt in clinical deterioration
coincided with recovery of lymphoid competence, which indicated that the
neuroinvasive HAstV infection was controlled by the reconstituting
immune system.
Analysis on growth mechanism of TiO2 nanorod structures on FTO glass in hydrothermal process
Authors: Hai Minh Nguyen , Kim Kyo-Seon
Published: January 2024

Understanding the growth mechanism of TiO2 nanorods is critical for
producing high-performance materials with morphology and structure
control. TiO2 nanorods on FTO glass were prepared by hydrothermal method
in acidic solution. The structural and morphological characteristics of
thin films were investigated for different temperatures and reaction
times. By the hydrolysis and protonation, monomers
Ti(OH)n(OH2)6-n](4-n)+ can be formed at ambient conditions. TNRs were
formed through the bonding between these monomers by olation and
oxolation reactions during hydrothermal process. During the hydrothermal
growth of TiO2 nanorods on FTO glass, precursors of TiO2 nanorods and
nanoflowers were observed in the reactive solution and on top of TiO2
nanorod thin films. The preferential deposition of precursors and TiO2
nanostructures on top of primary TiO2 nanorods from solution resulted in
significant changes in their morphology, structure, and growth
orientation. A new possible growth mechanism of TiO2 nanorods is
proposed based on these experimental observations.
Epigenetics and the city: non-parallel DNA methylation modifications across pairs of urban-rural Great tit populations.
Authors: Caizergues Aude , Luyer Jeremy Le , Grégoire Arnaud , Szulkin Martha , Senar Juan Carlos , Charmantier Anne , Perrier Charles
Published: January 2024

Identifying the molecular mechanisms involved in rapid adaptation to
novel environments and determining their predictability, are central
questions in evolutionary biology and pressing issues due to rapid
global changes. Complementary to genetic responses to selection, faster
epigenetic variations such as modifications of DNA methylation may play
a substantial role in rapid adaptation. In the context of rampant
urbanization, joint examinations of genomic and epigenomic mechanisms
are still lacking. Here, we investigated genomic (SNP) and epigenomic
(CpG methylation) responses to urban life in a passerine bird, the Great
tit (Parus major). To test whether urban evolution is predictable (i.e
parallel) or involves mostly non-parallel molecular processes among
cities, we analysed both SNP and CpG methylation variations across three
distinct pairs of city and forest Great tit populations in Europe. Our
analyses reveal a polygenic response to urban life, with both many genes
putatively under weak divergent selection and multiple differentially
methylated regions (DMRs) between forest and city great tits. DMRs
mainly overlapped transcription start sites and promotor regions,
suggesting their importance in modulating gene expression. Both genomic
and epigenomic outliers were found in genomic regions enriched for genes
with biological functions related to the nervous system, immunity, or
behavioural, hormonal and stress responses. Interestingly, comparisons
across the three pairs of city-forest populations suggested little
parallelism in both genetic and epigenetic responses. Our results
confirm, at both the genetic and epigenetic levels, hypotheses of
polygenic and largely non-parallel mechanisms of rapid adaptation in
novel environments such as urbanized areas.
Insulin Signaling and Pharmacology in Corals
Authors: Vizgaudis Whitney , Kumar Lokender , Olaosebikan Monsurat , Roger Liza , Brenner Nathanael , Sledzieski Samuel , Yang Jinkyu , Lewinski Nastassja , Singh Rohit , Daniels Noah , Cowen Lenore , Klein-Seetharaman Judith
Published: January 2024

Once thought to be a unique capability of the Langerhans Islands in the
pancreas of mammals, insulin production is now recognized as an
evolutionarily ancient function going back to prokaryotes, ubiquitously
present in unicellular eukaryotes, fungi, worm, Drosophila and of course
human. While the functionality of the signaling pathway has been
experimentally demonstrated in some of these organisms, it has not yet
been exploited for pharmacological applications. To enable such
applications, we need to understand the extent to which the structure
and function of the insulin-insulin receptor system is conserved. To
this end, we analyzed the insulin signaling pathway in corals through
remote homology detection and modeling. By docking known insulin
receptor ligands to a coral homology structure, we locate ligand binding
pockets and demonstrate their conservation suggesting that it may be
possible to exploit the structural conservation for pharmacological
applications in non-model organisms. We also identified the coral
homologues of the over 100 signaling proteins involved in insulin and
its related signaling pathways, demonstrating their wide-spread
conservation. Notable exceptions are glucagon and somatostatin. It is
tempting to speculate that under high light conditions, when the algae
synthetize excess sugars, the cnidarian host may experience insulin
resistance, and that the cnidarian microbiome may be involved in
manipulating the insulin signaling system.
Lung Cancer Screening Results Among Population of Different Genders, Ages, Smokers and Non-smokers: A Study Based on Real World Data
Authors: Bao Ting , Li Zhenzhen , Ji Guiyi , Tang Huairong , Wang Youjuan , Yang Ping , Yang Hanwei , Li Weimin , Huang Yan
Published: January 2024

Background Analysis of the real-world data of low-dose spiral CT
screening of healthy physical examination population in Southwest China
from 2006 to 2017, discussed the standard of low-dose spiral CT
screening for high-risk population of lung cancer in China. Methods
Incorporate all team subjects who have undergone LDCT screenings at the
Health Management Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University
between 2006 and 2017, and analyze the cumulative incidence and
age-standardized (Segi population) incidence of lung cancer in the whole
population; finally, analysis the age-specific, smoking and non-smokers’
lung cancer incidence. Results A total of 15,996 people who met the
enrollment conditions and participated in the LDCT lung cancer screening
were included. The average screening interval was 1.12±0.26 years, and
the average follow-up time was 5.43±0.82 years; The cumulative number of
lung cancer cases with negative baseline screening was 56 cases, and the
cumulative incidence rate of lung cancer was 122.1/100,000 (the world
standard rate is 60.6/100,000), of which males were 100.0/100,000 (the
world standard rate is 45.3/100,000) and women were 156.6 /100,000 (the
world standard rate is 94.7/100,000); the cumulative incidence of lung
cancer in the smoking group is higher than that in the non-smoking group
for both males and females, but the cumulative incidence of lung cancer
in the non-smokers of the female population (146.3/100,000) is higher
than that of the male population (86.5/10 Million). Conclusion In the
real world study of lung cancer screening in Chinese population, we
should consider setting different standards for high-risk groups of lung
cancer by gender or smoking and non-smokers.
“Assessment of perceived compliance and barriers to PPE use among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic’s second wave surge. “Lessons to be learned” cross-sectional correlational study
Authors: Badran Eman , Jarrah Samiha , Masadeh Rami , hammad Alhanoof Al , Shimi Rana Al , Salhout Samar , wahabi Nada Al , Jaberi Mira Al , Rayyan Abdallah , Madi Thaira , Hassan Samar
Published: January 2024

There is strong desire among healthcare workers (HCWs) to use proper
personal protective equipment (PPEs) due to their close proximity with
COVID-19 patients. Jordan has no data on compliance and adherence to
these infection prevention control (IPC) guidelines.Aim: Investigating
HCWs’ level of perceived compliance and barriers with PPEs, as well as
influencing factors, to identify strategies to be implemented in order
to address the rise in healthcare worker infection rates. Methodology:
This was a cross-sectional correlational study conducted over one month
period during the ‘second wave’ surge. It consists of HCWs from various
hospital sectors who admit COVID-19 patients in Jordan’s three major
geographical areas. A nonrandom convenient sample was recruited to
complete a self-administered predesigned tool via online. Results: Of
the 285 recruited participants, 36.1% had previously been diagnosed
with COVID-19. Around 71% received training on PPEs use. The perceived
compliance was good for (PPEs) usage (mean 2.60 ± 1.10). A significant
higher compliance level was correlated with previous diagnosis with
COVID-19, working with patients diagnosed with COVID-19and having a
direct contact with a family member older than 45 years old
(p<0.01). The main perceived barriers to the use of PPEs
during patient care were: unavailability of full PPEs every time they
needed (35% ), interference with their ability to provide patient care
(29%), no enough time to comply with the rigors of PPEs (23.2%) and
working in emergency situation (22.5%). With regards to perceived
barriers those working with patients diagnosed with COVID-19 reported
significantly higher levels of barriers and those who reported having a
direct contact with a family member older than 45 years old showed
significantly higher level of barriers.Conclusion: To limit further
transmission, a series of interventions in healthcare organizations are
required, including prioritization of PPE procurement, training, and
monitoring to ensure adequate resources for IPC
Role of C-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in acetaminophen hepatotoxicity
Authors: zhu jijin , Chen WenShang , Li ShiLai
Published: January 2024

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used analgesics and antipyretic
agent. The therapeutic or recommended dose of APAP is not associated
with adverse effects. However, intentional or unintentional overdose of
APAP causes acute liver injury or acute liver failure if treatment is
delayed. Currently, APAP-induced liver injury is one of the major causes
of acute liver injury in the United States and other western countries.
C-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) implicated in stress-related signaling
pathway plays an indispensable role in the mechanism of APAP
hepatotoxicity. JNK mediates depletion of mitochondrial glutathione in
the metabolic phase and enhances oxidative stress to aggravate liver
injury. In addition, JNK plays an important role in APAP-induced
apoptosis, necrosis or other forms of cell death. Furthermore, JNK plays
a role in regulation of endogenous immune system and aseptic
inflammatory responses induced by APAP. However, JNK may promote cell
regeneration after APAP-induced cell death. The present review therefore
highlights the functions of JNK in APAP-induced liver injury.
Different Cervical--vaginal Microbiome and Metabolism Composition in a Promising Study of Cervical Lesion
Authors: xu hanjie , liu lou , xu feng , liu min , song yuexiao , chen jiale , zhan huiying , zhang ye , Xu De-Xiang , chen yu , lu mudan , chen daozhen
Published: January 2024

Objective To determine the relationship between local microenvironment
and cervical cancer (CC). Discovering differential florae and
metabolites associating with CC. Design Observational study.
Participants 10 LSIL patients, 10 HSIL patients, 10 CC patients and 10
healthy controls were enrolled in our study. Methods We performed 16S
rDNA sequencing and metabolomic analysis in the cervicovaginal fluid to
reveal the differential florae and metabolites during cervical
carcinogenesis. Results Carcinogenesis was associated with alterations
in microbiome diversity, individual taxa, and functions. Bacterial
diversity was increased and the composition was changed by the influence
of cervical cancer carcinogensis. Lactobacillus was significantly
reduced in LSIL and CC patients. On the contrary, the relative abundance
of Prevotella was significantly elevated in LSIL patients. Lipids were
significantly declined in LSIL and HSIL patients compared to HC
participants, and significantly elevated in CC compared to LSIL and HSIL
patients. Pathway enrichment analysis found phenylalanine, tyrosine and
tryptophan biosynthesis pathway was crucial in cervical carcinogenesis.
Conclusions These results showed that microbic and metabolomic profiling
are capable of distinguishing CC from precancer and highlighted
potential biomarkers for the early detection of cervical dysplasia.
These differential microorganisms and metabolites expected to become a
potential tool to assist in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. Funding We
would like to thank Development & Demonstration Program of Wuxi
(N20192004), Key Research & Development Program of Jiangsu Province
(BE2015617), The 5th Phase of “Project 333” of Jiangsu (BRA2019024)
and Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College
Students in Jiangsu Province (KYCX19_1182) for their support.
The existence and space-time decay rates of strong solutions Navier-Stokes Equations in weighed L^\infty(|x|^\gamma{\rm dx})\cap L^\infty(|x|^\beta{\rm dx}) spaces
Authors: Dao Khai
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we prove some results on the existence and space-time
decay properties of higher order derivatives in time and space variables
of global strong solutions of the Cauchy problem for the Navier-Stokes
equations in weighed L^\infty(\mathbb
R^d,|x|^\gamma{\rm
dx})\cap
L^\infty(\mathbb
R^d,|x|^\beta{\rm
dx}) spaces. The estimate for the decay rate is optimal in the sense
that it coincides with the decay rate of a solution to the heat
equation.
Fejér type inequalities for (h,g;m)-convex functions
Authors: Andric Maja
Published: January 2024

Several Hermite-Hadamard and Fejér type inequalities are obtained for
the recently introduced new class of (h,g;m)-convex functions. This
class unifies a certain range of convexity, thus allowing the
generalizations of know results.
Use of Ranitidine subcutaneously for intractable dyspeptic pain in Palliative care and discontinuation of Ranitidine leading to a vacuum
Authors: Abbas Syed
Published: January 2024

Background: Dyspepsia is a common problem and is frequently caused by
gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) or gastritis. It is also
related to cancer of upper Gastrointestinal tract as well as gastric
stasis due to bowel obstruction. Subcutaneous Ranitidine was used
subcutaneously with success in Palliative care. However, it is now
withdrawn globally due to its association with cancer due an element in
its composition. This paper presents the data from its use and argues
that medications like Ranitidine should be allowed in Palliative care as
these achieve comfort for patients at the end of life and Palliative
care professionals should be consulted while withdrawing such drugs.
Aims: To observe the response of dyspeptic pain in patients with
malignant diseases when they are unable to tolerate oral medications.
Patients and Methods: Prospective study of 22 consecutively admitted
patients with Ranitidine syringe driver over one year period. Results:
Out of 22, there were 13 males and 9 females with an average age of 68
years (range= 46 to 81). They were diagnosed to have Gastric cancer
(10), Oesophageal cancer (6) or Malignant Bowel obstruction (6). Pain
was recorded by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS 0 –10, with 0 being no pain).
4/22 started Ranitidine subcutaneously 50 mg whereas 18/22 were started
on 150 mg. Other medications used in same syringe driver were
Metoclopramide, Cyclizine, Haloperidol, Midazolam, Hyoscine Butyl
Bromide, Octreotide or Levomepromazine. 10/22 reported improvement in
NRS (2 – 8 drop). 4/22 improved on non-verbal assessment as they were
too poorly to score. It was not possible to record response in 6/22.
2/22 continued to have same degree of pain. Local skin reactions were
noted in 4/22 patients. Conclusion: Patients with dyspeptic pain may
respond to Subcutaneous Ranitidine when oral route is not appropriate.
Ranitidine can be mixed with most medication in Syringe driver. Local
reactions or side-effects were not clinically significant. It is a
useful medication in Palliative care but its withdrawn has now caused a
vacuum in symptom management.
Outcomes associated with different surgical approaches to radical hysterectomy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Xinmeng , Tian Shuang , Wang Hui , Zhang Jinning , Cheng Yanfei , Yao Yuanqing
Published: January 2024

Background: Cervical cancer is among the most common gynecological
cancers. However, the procedure of radical hysterectomy remains
controversial. Objectives: This systematic review and network
meta-analysis (registered in PROSPERO: CRD42021231700) aimed to evaluate
the efficacy and safety of five approaches to cervical cancer surgery.
Search Strategy: We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane
Library, and Web of Science database. Selection Criteria: We select
high-quality, non-randomized studies for comparisons of clinical
outcomes of adult cervical cancer patients treated with radical
hysterectomy including at least one estimate of rate of recurrence, and
overall (OS) or progression-free (PFS) survival. Data collection and
analysis: We extracted the relevant data and conducted a network
meta-analysis to compare clinical outcomes, specifically, operation time
(OT), intraoperative estimated blood loss (EBL), length of hospital stay
(LOS), number of resected lymph nodes (RLNs), rate of complications, and
the rate of recurrence, OS, and PFS among included patients. Main
Results: RRH was associated with the lowest EBL volume and LOS, ORH was
associated with the shortest OT. VALRH was associated with the greatest
number of RLNs and lowest rate of perioperative complications. VALRH was
associated with the highest OS and lowest tumor recurrence rates, while
LRH was associated with the highest PFS rate. OS, PFS, and tumor
recurrence rates did not differ significantly among five surgical
approaches. Conclusion: In summary, current evidence appears to
demonstrate the presented approaches to cervical cancer surgery have a
comparable efficacy, while MIS is associated with improved rates of
surgical complications, and a shorter hospital stay.
The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Disease Prognosis in Covid 19 Patients
Authors: Altın Zeynep , Yilmaz Hamiyet
Published: January 2024

Aims: In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical
characteristics, laboratory findings, outcomes of hospitalized patients
with and without diabetes along with poorly vs well-controlled diabetes.
Methods: A total of 341 hospitalized patients with covid-19 confirmed by
RT-PCR and/or chest imaging suggestive of covid-19 infection were
retrospectively included in this study. The patients were divided into 2
groups as diabetic (n = 120) and non-diabetic (n = 221). Demographic
data, symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory values were recorded. The
patients were classified according to the clinical stages defined by
guidance of WHO for covid-19. The percentage of patients with severe
disease was higher in diabetic group (n = 57) 47.5% compared to
non-diabetic group(n=61) 27.8% (p = 0.001). The percentage of patients
requiring oxygen therapy was significantly higher in 61 (51.2%)
diabetic group than non-diabetic group 65 (29.4%) (p = 0.001).The
median time of duration of hospitalization in diabetic group was 8 days,
[IQR 6-11.5] that was significantly higher than non-diabetic group 7
days [IQR 5-10] (p = 0.009). The median time of duration of
hospitalization in poorly controlled diabetic group was 9 days [IQR
6.00-16.00] that was significantly higher than well-controlled
diabetic group 8 days [IQR 6.00-11.00] (p = 0.006). Results:
Patients with diabetes were more susceptible to covid-19 infection and
the infection was more severe in patients with diabetes compared to
patients without diabetes. However, the mortality rate was similar
between diabetic and non-diabetic group. Diabetic covid-19 patients
without other comorbidities were not prone to severe infection.
Conclusion: Patients with diabetes and comorbidities, apart from the
glycemic control, should receive intensive monitoring and disease
management.
Pain Management of A Critically Ill Oldest-Old Trauma Patient with Multiple Rib Fractures in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Yazar Çağla , Yesiler Fatma , Sahinturk Helin , Araz Coşkun , Zeyneloglu Pinar
Published: January 2024

Rib fractures due to blunt chest trauma is a painful condition with high
morbidity and mortality that is twice as high in the elderly compared to
young people. If adequate analgesia treatment is not provided,
respiratory complications, the need for mechanical ventilation and the
length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU) may increase. Erector spinal
plane (ESP) block is a regional anesthesia method that can provide
effective analgesia in unilateral thoracic region. Here, ESP block,
which is used successfully in pain management of a critically ill
oldest-old patient with multiple rib fractures in ICU, is presented
Novel HumanMethylatyion450 analyses reveal DNA methylation predictors of future diabetes onset in women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: kitchen MARK , Manzur Ayesha , Fryer Anthony , Wu Pensee
Published: January 2024

Aims. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder
characterised by ovarian morphological, systemic biochemical, and
menstrual changes. Women with PCOS are at significantly increased risk
of raised fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes.
Recognition of these complications and early intervention are key to
good health outcomes. We sought to identify DNA methylation patterns
that may predict future diabetes onset in this high-risk PCOS
population. Patients and Methods. Peripheral blood samples from women
with PCOS and women with PCOS who later developed diabetes, were
analysed by Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip-arrays.
Bisulphite-Pyrosequencing™ was used to validate and confirm array
methylation data. Results. Array analyses identified 273 differentially
methylated CpG loci (≥0.2 β-value change) at initial diagnosis of PCOS,
between women who did or did not later develop diabetes. 19 of these
sites demonstrated differential methylation in the same direction in
≥five sample pairs. Methylation in three of the candidates (cg11897887,
cg02819655, and cg25542007) showed the best concordance with
corresponding array β-values, and, most clearly differentiated ‘cases’
from ‘controls’. Conclusions. We have identified novel methylation
biomarkers that could predict future onset of diabetes in this high-risk
population. Use of methylation analyses to identify women who are likely
to develop diabetes at diagnosis of PCOS may facilitate timely lifestyle
interventions to reduce future morbidity.
Changes in serum TG level during pregnancy and its association with postpartum hypertriglyceridemia: a population-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Yandi , Dang Qinyu , Yang Qian , Huang Dongxu , Zhang Yadi , Cai Xiaxia , Zhu Haiyan , Yu Huanling
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To characterize triglyceride (TG) changes from pregnancy to
postpartum, associations between them and effects of pre-pregnancy body
mass index (pre-BMI) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Design:
Prospective cohort study. Setting: FUXING Hospital, Beijing, China.
Population: 908 pregnant women. Methods: Serum lipids at gestational
week 6-8, 16, 24, 36 and 42 days postpartum were measured. Associations
between gestational and postpartum TG were analyzed by stepwise multiple
liner regression, linear mixed-effect model and logistic regression.
Cutoff points were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC)
curves. Main Outcome Measures: hypertriglyceridemia at 42 days
postpartum. Results: TG increased with gestational weeks and decreased
until 42 days postpartum. TGs at 6-8th, 16th, 24th, 36th gestational
week and TG trend of change were positively associated with higher risk
of postpartum hypertriglyceridemia [OR 4.962, 95% CI (3.007-8.189);
OR 3.201, 95% CI (2.222-4.612); OR 2.484, 95% CI (1.853-3.329); OR
1.979, 95% CI (1.597-2.452); OR 11.660, 95% CI (6.018-22.591)].
Serum TG cut-offs were found as 1.12, 1.93, 2.35 and 3.08 mmol/L at
studied gestational week, respectively. The risk of postpartum
hypertriglyceridemia for women with normal pre-BMI and non-GDM was
higher than overweight and obese group and GDM group, respectively.
Conclusions: Gestational TG is a risk factor of postpartum
hypertriglyceridemia, and is more significant among pregnant women with
normal pre-BMI and without GDM. TG measurement and control is essential
during pregnancy. Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China
(No. 81872608 and No.8207121162). Keywords: TG, Pregnancy, Postpartum,
Hypertriglyceridemia, Pre-BMI, GDM. Tweetable abstract: Gestational TG
increases risk of postpartum hypertriglyceridemia.