bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wet Deposition Fluxes of Mineral Dust and Their Relation With Cold Pools in the Central Sahel
Authors: Audoux T. , Laurent B. , Marticorena B. , Bergametti G. , Rajot J. L. , Féron A. , Gaimoz C.
Published: February 2022

Based on a large number of in‐situ measurements performed over a 9‐years period in two Sahelian stations, we investigate the drivers of the dust wet deposition in relation to the meteorological situations and the PM10 (Particulate Matter with diameter lower than 10 μm) surface concentrations. Precipitation associated with cold pools (CP) contribute to more than 90% of the precipitation amount associated with the collected wet deposition samples. The wet deposition events associated with these CP control by far the wet deposition, that is, 66% and 81%, depending on the station. The dust washout ratios (WR) corresponding to the most convective events under high level of dust concentrations were found to be in the range of 319–766 while WR of other kind of events are depending on the dilution effect. This range of value are in the lower range of WR previously estimated and used in dust modeling studies (200–2000).
Rice husk ash addition to acid red soil improves the soil property and cotton seedling growth
Authors: Yin Mengyao , Li Xuan , Liu Qian , Tang Feiyu
Published: February 2022

Red soil is characterized by poor physico-chemical properties and low nutrient availability. The present study aimed to examine rich husk ash (RHA) incorporation into red soil at various rates effects on its properties and the growth of cotton seedlings under a plug-seeding in tray experiment. Bulk density was decreased, and water holding capacity and total porosity were increased in red soil with increasing application rate of RHA. The addition of RHA counteracts the acidity of red soil and improves the nutrient availability to plants. The RHA incorporated soils favored the growth of cotton seedlings with improved shoot morphological traits and root architectures. The application rate at a volume ratio of 1:1 of RHA to red soil was found to be optimal for growing cotton seedlings in the present study. The mixture of RHA and red soil at a 1:1 volume ratio plus 2 g L−1 super absorbent polymers exhibited a high nursing seedling efficiency comparable to a commercial growing media under the condition of foliar application of mepiquat chloride at the one-true-leaf stage. RHA can be a promising substitute for peat as growing media for nursing cotton seedlings.
Ovarian toxicity of carboplatin and paclitaxel in mouse carriers of mutation in BRIP1 tumor suppressor gene
Authors: Ntemou E. , Vidal P. Diaz , Alexandri C. , Van den Steen G. , Lambertini M. , Demeestere I.
Published: February 2022

More than 10% of women diagnosed with breast cancer during reproductive age carry hereditary germline pathogenic variants in high-penetrance BRCA genes or in others genes involved in DNA repair mechanisms such as PALB2, BRIP or ATM. Anticancer treatments may have an additional negative impact on the ovarian reserve and subsequently on the fertility of young patients carrying such mutations. Recently, the combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel is being recommended to these BRCA-mutated patients as neoadjuvant therapy. However, the impact on the ovary is unknown. Here, we investigated their effect of on the ovarian reserve using mice carriers of BRCA1-interacting protein C-terminal helicase-1 (BRIP1) mutation that plays an important role in BRCA1-dependent DNA repair. Results revealed that the administration of carboplatin or paclitaxel did not affect the ovarian reserve although increased DNA double-strand breaks were observed with carboplatin alone. Co-administration of carboplatin and paclitaxel resulted in a significant reduction of the ovarian reserve leading to a lower IVF performance, and an activation of the PI3K-Pten pathway, irrespective of the genetic background. This study suggests that co-administration of carboplatin and paclitaxel induces cumulative ovarian damage and infertility but a heterozygote genetic predisposition for DNA damage related to BRCA1 gene function does not increase this risk.
Ecology and genetic structure of the invasive spotted lanternfly Lycorma delicatula in Japan where its distribution is slowly expanding
Authors: Nakashita Ayano , Wang Yayun , Lu Sihan , Shimada Keisuke , Tsuchida Tsutomu
Published: February 2022

Lycorma delicatulahas expanded its distribution from China to Japan, Korea, and the USA, causing significant economic damage to vineyards in the latter two countries. However, in Japan,L. delicatulahas long been limited to the Hokuriku region, central Japan, and no significant damage to crops has been reported since it was first reported there in 2009. Manipulation experiments and field observations in the Hokuriku region, where winter precipitation is extremely high, revealed that egg numbers and hatchability were significantly reduced in exposed places, especially when wax was excluded from the egg mass. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the population in Japan could be divided into at least two groups. MostL. delicatulasamples from Hokuriku formed a clade with those from northwestern China. Samples from Okayama, where the distribution ofL. delicatulawas recently confirmed, had the same haplotype as those from central China, Korea, and the USA. These results suggest that environmental factors and genetic characteristics ofL. delicatulaare involved in the relatively slow expansion of its distribution in Hokuriku. Conversely, in Okayama, where precipitation is relatively low, the rapidly increasing haplotype in Korea and the USA was detected, leading to concerns that its distribution will expand further.
Financial markets’ deterministic aspects modeled by a low-dimensional equation
Authors: Orlando Giuseppe , Bufalo Michele , Stoop Ruedi
Published: February 2022

We ask whether empirical finance market data (Financial Stress Index, swap and equity, emerging and developed, corporate and government, short and long maturity), with their recently observed alternations between calm periods and financial turmoil, could be described by a low-dimensional deterministic model, or whether this requests a stochastic approach. We find that a deterministic model performs at least as well as one of the best stochastic models, but may offer additional insight into the essential mechanisms that drive financial markets.
Selection constrains lottery assembly in the microbiomes of closely related diatom species
Authors: Stock Willem , Willems Anne , Mangelinckx Sven , Vyverman Wim , Sabbe Koen
Published: February 2022

It is generally recognised that interactions between microalgae and bacteria play an important role in the functioning of marine ecosystems. In this context, increasing attention is paid to the processes that shape microalga-associated microbiomes. In recent years, conflicting evidence has been reported with respect to the relative importance of selective vs neutral processes in the assembly process. Whereas some studies report strong selection imposed by the host, others propose a more neutral, lottery-like assembly model according to which the chance of bacteria becoming part of the microbiome is proportional to their abundance in the environment and not driven by the selectional pressure created by the host. In the present study, we investigated to what degree selective vs neutral assembly processes constrain taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional variation within and between microbiomes associated with 69 isolates belonging to the Cylindrotheca closterium benthic marine diatom complex. The diatom cultures were initiated from non-axenic clonal isolates from different marine environments and geographic locations, and were then reared in a common garden (lab) environment. An important environmental imprint, likely due to in situ lottery dynamics, was apparent in the diatom microbiomes. However, microbiome assembly was also phylogenetically and functionally constrained through selective filtering related to the host microhabitat. Randomised microbiome assembly simulations revealed evidence for phylogenetic overdispersion in the observed microbiomes, reflecting an important role in the assembly process for competition between bacteria on the one hand and predominantly genetically driven differences between the hosts on the other hand. Our study thus shows that even between closely related diatom strains, host selection affects microbiome assembly, superimposing the predominantly stochastically driven recruitment process.
Tunable biomaterials for myocardial tissue regeneration: promising new strategies for advanced biointerface control and improved therapeutic outcomes
Authors: Goonoo Nowsheen
Published: February 2022

Myocardial scaffold characteristics including mechanical property, pore size/porosity, immunomodulation, bioactivity, electroconductivity, injectability and thickness is reviewed and strategies to control each of them is discussed in details
Late-stage macrolactonisation enabled by tandem acyl transfers followed by desulphurisation
Authors: Sato Daiki , Denda Masaya , Tsunematsu Honoka , Tanaka Naonobu , Konishi Isamu , Komiya Chiaki , Shigenaga Akira , Otaka Akira
Published: February 2022

Tandem acyl transfers of thiol-installed Thr-containing peptide thioesters followed by desulphurization enabled the synthesis of Thr-lactone peptides.
Capturing quantum effects with quasi-classical trajectories in the D + H+3 → H2D+ + H reaction
Authors: Braunstein Matthew , Bonnet Laurent , Roncero Octavio
Published: February 2022

Dynamics and kinetics of the D + H+3 → H2D+ + H reaction from quasi-classical trajectory calculations in a quantum spirit.
Elemental analysis and identification of papillary thyroid cancer tissues using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Luo Min , Li Xiaohui , He Qiuxia , Liu Jing , Lu Hansheng , Liu Qi , Yang Xiuhua
Published: February 2022

LIBS coupled with chemometric methods reveals that Ca and Mg levels in the PTC tissues are significantly higher than those in normal ones, and it may serve as a potential technique for detection of papillary thyroid cancers.
A new synthesis scheme of pyrite and chalcopyrite reference materials for in situ iron and sulfur isotope analysis using LA-MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Feng Yantong , Zhang Wen , Hu Zhaochu , Luo Tao , Li Ming , Liu Yongsheng , Liu Hong , Li Qinglin
Published: February 2022

A combination of ultra-fine sulfide powders and a PAS technique to synthesize pyrite and chalcopyrite reference materials for in situ iron and sulfur isotope analysis.
Study on the synthesis and host–guest luminescence properties of a novel Cd(ii)-picolinate coordination polymer
Authors: Zhang Hongbi , Liu Xueguang , Shao Yongliang , Liu Wei , Liu Weisheng
Published: February 2022

A coordination polymer with guest-molecule-based luminescence is flexible in preparation and shows greater controllability.
Phosphate-crosslinked β-cyclodextrin polymer for highly efficient removal of Pb(ii) from acidic wastewater
Authors: Sun Junhua , Zhao Xiuxian , Sun Guoxin , Zhao Heng , Yan Liangguo , Jiang Xuchuan , Cui Yu
Published: February 2022

Novel phosphate-crosslinked β-cyclodextrin polymer was synthesized for highly efficient Pb(ii) removal from acidic wastewater.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of nitrated aza-BODIPYs
Authors: Zarcone Samuel R. , Yarbrough Hana J. , Neal Martin J. , Kelly Jordan C. , Kaczynski Katie L. , Bloomfield Aaron J. , Bowers Geoffrey M. , Montgomery Thomas D. , Chase Daniel T.
Published: February 2022

A series of nitrated aza-BODIPYs on the 2- and 6-positions were regioselectively synthesized and their photophysical properties were examined.
Nanoplatform-mediated calcium overload for cancer therapy
Authors: Yao Junlie , Peng Hao , Qiu Yue , Li Shunxiang , Xu Xiawei , Wu Aiguo , Yang Fang
Published: February 2022

Overview of nanoplatform-mediated calcium overload for cancer therapy.
Recent advances in melt crystallization, towards process intensification and technique development
Authors: Shen Lixia , Dang Mingyan
Published: February 2022

This study summarizes the process models for the crystallization and sweating process, and several process intensification pathways and novel devices for melt crystallization. Also, the critical concerns for further research are discussed.
Extended mean-field control problem with partial observation
Authors: Nie Tianyang , Yan Ke
Published: February 2022

We study an extended mean-field control problem with partial observation, where the dynamic of the state is given by a forward-backward stochastic differential equation of McKean-Vlasov type. The cost functional, the state and the observation all depend on the joint distribution of the state and the control process. Our problem is motivated by the recent popular subject of mean-field games and related control problems of McKean-Vlasov type. We first establish a necessary condition in the form of Pontryagin’s maximum principle for optimality. Then a verification theorem is obtained for optimal control under some convex conditions of the Hamiltonian function. The results are also applied to studying linear-quadratic mean-filed control problem in the type of scalar interaction.
Recent Highlights from the PHENIX Collaboration
Authors: Todoroki Takahito ,   (for the PHENIX Collaboration)
Published: February 2022

These proceedings present a set of PHENIX highlight results using recent high-luminosity data sets for p+p, p (d, 3He)+A, and A+A(B) collisions at RHIC top energies with a focus on: (1) light-flavor particle productions; (2) hard-probes such as jet-like correlations, direct photon, and heavy-quark productions; and (3) azimuthal anisotropy in small collision systems.
HADES Overview
Authors: Spies Simon ,   for the HADES collaboration
Published: February 2022

In March 2019 the HADES experiment recorded 14 billion Ag+Ag collisions at √SNN = 2.55 GeV as a part of the FAIR phase-0 physics program. With the capabilities to measure and analyze particles forming the bulk matter, namely pions, protons and light nuclei, as well as rare probes like dilepton decays of vectormesons and strange hadrons, the HADES experiment allows to study the properties of matter at high densities in great detail. In this contribution a special focus is put on the reconstruction of weakly decaying strange hadrons.
Hyperon-nucleon femtoscopy, nuclear production and bearing on astrophysics
Authors: Mantovani Sarti Valentina
Published: February 2022

The presence of hyperons in the inner core of neutron stars is still an open issue in astrophysics and the so-called hyperon puzzle is far away from being solved. A complete understanding of how the interaction between hyperons and nucleons, at the level of two- and three-body, behaves in vacuum and at finite baryon density is a key requirement in order to build a realistic Equation of State for matter inside the core of neutron stars. Recently, measurements of hadron-hadron correlation functions with the femtoscopy technique in small colliding systems delivered a large amount of precise data on several hyperonnucleon pairs. Several interactions relevant for the physics of neutron stars, such as pΛ and pΞ, have been compared to the femtoscopic data and the effects on the corresponding Equation of State have been investigated. The extension to the three-body forces with the measurement of correlations involving triplets and proton-deuteron pairs will provide for the first time access to the genuine three-body interaction and shed light on the hyperon-puzzle.
Charming, equilibrated, and not at all strange: My memories of Jean Letessier and his work
Authors: Torrieri Giorgio
Published: February 2022

This is a tribute to Jean Letessier, some memories of my PhD research in collaboration with him, a summary of the results we have achieved, and some personal thoughts as to the significance of these results to the field of heavy ion physics as well as the future of our field.
Recent progress on few-body hypernuclei
Authors: Gal Avraham
Published: February 2022

Few-body Λ hypernuclei provide valuable information towards understanding strange matter. Recent experimental progress by the STAR Collaboration at the RHIC facility and by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC has been matched by theoretical progress reviewed here: (i) lifetimes of the hypertritonΛ3H,Λ3n if particle-stable,Λ4H andΛ4He and their charge symmetry breaking, and (ii) the onset of ΛΛ hypernuclear binding.
Status and Perspectives of the CBM experiment at FAIR
Authors: Herrmann Norbert ,   for the CBM collaboration
Published: February 2022

The CBM experiment, a fixed target experiment, designed to explore the QCD matter phase diagram in the baryon rich domain, is currently being constructed at the FAIR facility at GSI. The status of the construction towards the startup configuration of CBM and the initial physics goals are described. An outlook to the future physics perspectives is given.
Conserved charge fluctuations at vanishing net-baryon density from Lattice QCD
Authors: Goswami Jishnu , Karsch Frithjof , Mukherjee Swagato , Petreczky Peter , Schmidt Christian
Published: February 2022

We present here continuum extrapolated results for all 2ndorder cumulants using the most resent results obtained by the HotQCD collaboration in (2+1)-flavor QCD. We constrain the applicability of various HRG models by presenting a detailed comparison of our results based on different sets of hadron spectra as well as with virial expansion based model calculations. A comparison with our lattice QCD results for 2ndorder cumulants with models that parametrize repulsive interactions among baryons and anti-baryons in a hadron resonance gas through a single excluded volume parameter (EVHRG) is also shown.
Net-particle number fluctuations in a hydrodynamic description of heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Vovchenko Volodymyr , Koch Volker , Shen Chun
Published: February 2022

Utilizing viscous hydrodynamic simulations of heavy-ion collisions, we study the behavior of cumulants of (net-)(anti)proton number distributions at RHIC beam energy scan energies, incorporating non-critical contributions like baryon conservation and excluded volume. The experimental data on net-proton cumulants at √SNN > 20 GeV are consistent with simultaneous effects of global baryon conservation and repulsive interactions in baryon sector, whereas the data at lower collision energies show possible indications for sizable attractive interactions among baryons. We discuss the behavior of factorial cumulants in addition to the ordinary cumulants, and also address the quantitative difference between proton and baryon number cumulants.
Studying light flavour hadrons produced in the collision of different nuclei at the LHC
Authors: Jacazio Nicolò ,   For the ALICE Collaboration
Published: February 2022

The study of identified particle production as a function of event multiplicity is a key tool for understanding the similarities and differences among different colliding systems. Now for the first time, we can investigate how particle production is affected by the collision geometry in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. In these proceedings, we report newly obtained ALICE results on charged and identified particle production in Pb–Pb and Xe–Xe collision at √SNN = 5.02 and √SNN = 5.44 TeV, respectively, as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and collision centrality. Particle spectra and ratios are compared between two different colliding systems at similar charged-particle multiplicity densities (〈dNch/dη〉), and different initial eccentricities. We find that in central collisions, spectral shapes of different particles are driven by their masses. The pT-integrated particle yield ratios follow the same trends with 〈dNch=dη〉 as previously observed in other systems, further suggesting that at the LHC energies, event hadrochemistry is dominantly driven by the charged-particle multiplicity density and not the collision system, geometry or center-of-mass energy.
Improved quark coalescence model for spin alignments of vector mesons
Authors: Sheng Xin-Li
Published: February 2022

We propose an improved quark coalescence model for spin alignment of vector mesons by spin density matrix with phase space dependence. Within this model we propose an understanding of spin alignments of vector mesons ϕ andK*0in the static limit: a large positive deviation of ρ00for ϕ mesons from 1/3 may come from the electric part of the vector ϕ field, while a negative deviation of ρ00forK*0mesons may come from the electric part of vorticity fields. In the low-pTregion, ρ00forK*0mesons is proportional to pT2, which is qualitatively agree with experimental results.
Λ3H and Λ4H Lifetime, Yield, Directed Flow Measurements in Au+Au Collisions at √SNN = 3 GeV With the STAR Detector
Authors: Hu Chenlu ,   for STAR collaboration
Published: February 2022

In this proceedings, the lifetime and yields of Λ3H and Λ4H in Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 3 GeV are presented. The measured yields are compared to measurements at other energies and theoretical models, and the physics implications are discussed. We also report the first observation of the Λ3H and Λ4H directed flow in 5 - 40% centrality. The directed flow of Λ3H and Λ4H are compared with those of the copiously produced particles such as p, Λ, d, t, 3He, and 4He. These results shed light on light hyper-nuclei production in heavy-ion collisions in the high baryon density region.
Measurements of p-Ξ, Λ-Λ, and Ξ-Ξ Correlation in Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 200 GeV at RHIC-STAR
Authors: Isshiki Moe ,   for the STAR Collaboration
Published: February 2022

The hyperon-hyperon and hyperon-nucleon interactions are important in search for exotic hadrons such dibaryon as a bound state of two baryons. Λ-Λ correlation has been measured in Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 200 GeV at RHIC-STAR experiment using high statistics data recently taken, which has been found to clearly show the anti-correlation. The first measurements of p-Ξ and Ξ-Ξ correlations in Au+Au collisions have been shown. The p-Ξ correlation function shows the strong attractive interaction, which is consistent with HAL QCD calculation. Ξ-Ξ correlation has also been measured to be negative (as anti-correlation).
Global hyperon polarization and effects of decay feeddown
Authors: Li Hui , Xia Xiao-Liang , Huang Xu-Guang , Huang Huan Zhong
Published: February 2022

We study the global polarizations of Λ, Ξ−, and Ω− hyperons in noncentral Au + Au collisions at √SNN = 7.7-200 GeV. We highlight the importance of effect of decay feeddown to the measured global polarization. With the decay contributions taken into account, the global polarization ordering PΩ− > PΞ− > PΛ can be naturally explained, which is consistent with the observation recently reported from the STAR experiment from Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV. We also extend our calculations to predict expectations from the RHIC-BES II data.
Recent J/ψ results in p+p and Au+Au collisions from STAR
Authors: Shen Kaifeng ,   (for the STAR Collaboration)
Published: February 2022

In these proceedings, we present the measurements of inclusive J/ψ production at mid-rapidity region (|y| < 1.0) in Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 54.4 GeV by the STAR experiment. The dependences of nuclear modification factor (RAA) on centrality and transverse momentum (pT) are presented and compared to model calculations. No significant energy dependence of RAA is found within uncertainties. We also report the distribution of z(J/<) = pTJ/</pTjet and the fraction of J/ψ produced within a charged jet at mid-pseudorapidity (|η| < 0.6) with kinematic cuts of pTjet > 10 GeV/c and pTJ/< > 5 GeV/c in p+p collisions at √S = 500 GeV. Comparisons to model calculations are presented and physics implications are discussed.
Charmonium in electromagnetic and vortical fields
Authors: Zhao Jiaxing , Chen Shile , Zhuang Pengfei
Published: February 2022

Due to their large mass and early production, heavy quarks (quarkonia) can be sensitive probes to investigate the fast-decaying electromagnetic and vortical fields produced in heavy-ion collisions. The non-relativistic Schrödinger-like equation for heavy quarks under strong electromagnetic fields in the rotating frame is deduced and used to construct the two-body equation for the charmonium system. The effective potential between charm and anti-charm quarks becomes anisotropic in electromagnetic and vortical fields, especially along the direction of the Lorentz force. The vorticity will affect this asymmetry and catalyze the transition from a strong interaction dominant bound state to an electromagnetic and vortical interaction controlled anisotropic bound state.
Evidence for X(3872) in PbPb collisions and studies of its prompt production at √SNN = 5.02 TeV with CMS
Authors: Lee Yen-Jie ,   for the CMS collaboration
Published: February 2022

The first evidence for X(3872) production in relativistic heavy ion collisions, with a significance of 4.2 standard deviations, is reported. The X(3872) production is studied in lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of √SNN = 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair with the CMS detector. The measurement is performed in the rapidity and transverse momentum ranges |y| < 1.6 and 15 < pT < 50 GeV/c. The prompt X(3872) to ψ(2S) yield ratio is found to be ρPbPb = 1.08 ± 0.49(stat.) ± 0.52(syst.), to be compared with typical values of 0.1 for pp collisions. This provides new input to theoretical models of the X(3872) production mechanism, and of the nature of this exotic state.
Event-shape studies of strangeness production in √S = 13 TeV proton–proton collisions with ALICE
Authors: Nassirpour Adrian ,   on behalf of the ALICE Collaboration
Published: February 2022

The ALICE Collaboration has observed that the relative fraction of strange hadrons grows strongly with multiplicity in small collision systems at LHC energies, in particular for multi-strange baryons. The origin of this effect is still under debate, and models need significant final-state interactions to accommodate the new ALICE results, requiring new tools to discriminate experimentally between the various phenomenological ideas.

In these proceedings we present a multi-differential study of identified particle spectra with respect to the event multiplicity and two different event shape observables, the unweighted transverse spherocity SOpT=1, and the self-normalized, transverse charged particle density, RT, which allows us to explore particle production associated with hard and soft QCD processes. ALICE has measured π, K, ϕ, and Ξ production at mid-rapidity (|η| < 0.8) as a function of SOpT=1 and RT in pp collisions at √S = 13 TeV. This work reports on how these multi-differential measurements compare with predictions from PYTHIA and EPOSLHC.
Low-mass dielectron measurements with ALICE at the LHC
Authors: Bailhache Raphaelle ,   for the ALICE Collaboration
Published: February 2022

Recent measurements of e+e− pair production in pp and p–Pb collisions at the center-of-mass energy √SNN = 5.02 TeV are reported. Cold nuclear matter effects such as shadowing, as well as the possible presence of thermal radiation, are investigated in p–Pb collisions with the dielectron nuclear modification factor RpPb. Furthermore, results on dielectrons at low pT,ee in peripheral Pb–Pb collisions at √SNN = 5.02 TeV and in pp collisions at √S = 13 TeV are presented and compared to calculations.
Machine Learning Application for Λ Hyperon Reconstruction in CBM at FAIR
Authors: Khan Shahid , Klochkov Viktor , Lavoryk Olha , Lubynets Oleksii , Imdad Khan Ali , Dubla Andrea , Selyuzhenkov Ilya
Published: February 2022

The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR will investigate the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities. Enhanced production of strange baryons, such as the most abundantly produced Λ hyperons, can signal transition to a new phase of the QCD matter. In this work, the CBM performance for reconstruction of the Λ hyperon via its decay to proton and π−is presented. Decay topology reconstruction is implemented in the Particle-Finder Simple (PFSimple) package with Machine Learning algorithms providing effcient selection of the decays and high signal to background ratio.
Estimating Microscopic Nuclear Data by Compact Star Observations
Authors: Szigeti Balázs Endre , Barnaföldi Gergely Gábor , Pósfay Péter , Jakovác Antal
Published: February 2022

We studied recent observation data of pulsar masses and radii of PSR J0740+6620, PSR J0348+0432, and PSR J1614–2230 from different measurements, based on the extended version of σ-ω model. Throughout our analysis, we assumed that these pulsars are maximal-mass compact stars, thus we applied the core approximation. Based on the linear relation between the microscopic and macroscopic parameters of compact stars evaluated by our model, we estimated the average Landau mass mL = 752.46- 42.5+ 49.1 MeV and compressibility K = 261.7- 28.0+ 57.2 MeV.
Low-pT μ+μ− pair production in Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 200 GeV at STAR
Authors: Zhou Jian ,   (for the STAR collaboration)
Published: February 2022

We report the measurements of μ+μ− pair production for pT < 0.10 GeV/c in 40-80% Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 200 GeV at STAR. A significant enhancement with respect to the hadronic cocktail is observed. The pT2 and ∆ϕ distributions of the excess yields are also reported and compared with model calculations. The EPA-QED calculations can describe the data very well within uncertainties.
Substitutionsbehandlung bei Opiatabhängigen im
Maßregelvollzug
Authors: Soyka Michael , Steinböck Herbert
Published: February 2022

Opiatabhängigkeit ist bei Straftätern häufig und viele
opiatabhängige Rechtsbrecher werden nach § 64 STGB im
Maßregelvollzug behandelt. Während die Substitutionsbehandlung
in Haftanstalten mittlerweile gängige Praxis ist, wird die
Substitutionsbehandlung im traditionell abstinenzorientierten
Maßregelvollzug sehr kontrovers und regional auch unterschiedlich
gesehen. Basisdaten dazu fehlen bislang. Vor dem Hintergrund eines aktuellen
Gutachtensfalles wird die Problematik dargestellt. Aktuelle Zahlen aus einer
großen Forensischen Klinik in München-Ost zeigen, daß
knapp 30% der dort behandelten Patienten substituiert werden
(N=186). Die Problematik der Substitutionsbehandlung im
Maßregelvollzug disktutiert.
Betätigung im Fokus – Zielformulierung nach COAST
Authors: Brinkmann Sabine , Berding Jutta
Published: February 2022

Therapieziele zu vereinbaren gehört zum ergotherapeutischen Alltag. Manche formulieren Ziele SMART, andere unterscheiden Nah- und Fernziele. Es gibt aber auch eine ergotherapiespezifische Möglichkeit, Ziele zu vereinbaren: die COAST-Methode. Sie ist derzeit die einzige Methode, die zentral auf Betätigung ausgerichtet ist.
TRAIL-sensitizing Cytochalasins from the Endophytic Fungus Phoma multirostrata
Authors: Peng Xiaogang , Ouyang Qianxi , Pei Jiao , Chang Jinling , Qin Chunlun , Ruan Hanli
Published: February 2022

Seven undescribed cytochalasins, multirostratins K – Q (2–8), together with one known analogue, cytochalasin Z3 (1), were isolated from the culture of Phoma
multirostrata XJ-2-1, an endophytic fungus obtained from the root of Parasenecio albus. Their structures with absolute configurations were determined by 1D and 2D NMR,
high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), electronic circular dichroism (ECD), single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and chemical methods. The structure of
ascochalasin was revised from Δ
13 to Δ
21 by detailed analysis of the NMR data and by comparison with the data for 7. In a TRAIL (tumor necrosis
factor related apoptosis inducing ligand)-resistance-overcoming experiment, co-treatment of 2 or 6 with TRAIL reduced the cell viability of A549 cells by 30.3% and 27.5% at
10 µM, respectively.
High-Resolution CT Imaging of the Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Specimen Study
Authors: Pham Nancy , Raslan Osama , Strong Edward B. , Boone John , Dublin Arthur , Chen Shuai , Hacein-Bey Lotfi
Published: February 2022

Objective Super-high and ultra-high spatial resolution computed tomography (CT) imaging can be advantageous for detecting temporal bone pathology and guiding treatment strategies.

Methods Six temporal bone cadaveric specimens were used to evaluate the temporal bone microanatomic structures utilizing the following CT reconstruction modes: normal resolution (NR, 0.5-mm slice thickness, 5122 matrix), high resolution (HR, 0.5-mm slice thickness, 1,0242 matrix), super-high resolution (SHR, 0.25-mm slice thickness, 1,0242 matrix), and ultra-high resolution (UHR, 0.25-mm slice thickness, 2,0482 matrix). Noise and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for bone and air were measured at each reconstruction mode. Two observers assessed visualization of seven small anatomic structures using a 4-point scale at each reconstruction mode.

Results Noise was significantly higher and SNR significantly lower with increases in spatial resolution (NR, HR, and SHR). There was no statistical difference between SHR and UHR imaging with regard to noise and SNR. There was significantly improved visibility of all temporal bone osseous structures of interest with SHR and UHR imaging relative to NR imaging (p < 0.001) and most of the temporal bone osseous structures relative to HR imaging. There was no statistical difference in the subjective image quality between SHR and UHR imaging of the temporal bone (p ≥ 0.085).

Conclusion Super-high-resolution and ultra-high-resolution CT imaging results in significant improvement in image quality compared with normal-resolution and high-resolution CT imaging of the temporal bone. This preliminary study also demonstrates equivalency between super-high and ultra-high spatial resolution temporal bone CT imaging protocols for clinical use.
Efficacy of Disinfection of Rigid Endoscope by Ethyl Alcohol 70%
Authors: Santos Marco Cesar J. , Pauna Henrique F. , Graziano Kazuko U. , Voegels Richard L.
Published: February 2022

Introduction Currently, there is no safe, affordable, and ecologically-sustainable guideline that helps prevent contamination through endoscopy. We evaluated the safety of intermediate-level disinfection with 70% ethyl alcohol (w/v) based on biological-load recovery from rigid endoscopes after nasal endoscopy.

Objective To demonstrate the efficacy of 70% ethanol in disinfecting rigid endoscopes (REs) to reduce microbial growth in microbiological cultures.

Methods After a nasal endoscopy examination, the endoscope was swabbed with gauze; this served as the positive-control sample. The standard operating procedure for intermediate-level disinfection with 70% ethyl alcohol (w/v) following prior cleaning was applied. The endoscope was again swabbed; this served as the experimental sample. The collected material from the endoscope was extracted from gauze pieces, filtered through a 0.22-μm cellulose membrane, and cultivated in different means of culture.

Results The results revealed a significant difference between the positive-control and experimental groups regarding the presence of Streptococcus coagulase (-) (p < 0.001), Bacillus spp. (p < 0.001), and Staphylococcus aureus (p = 0.001). These microorganisms were detected in the control group, but not in the experimental group.

Conclusions Microorganisms were not recovered from the samples of the experimental group, demonstrating the efficacy and the germicidal action of 70% ethyl alcohol (w/v) as a means of achieving intermediate-level disinfection.
Persuasive narrative during the COVID-19 pandemic: Norwegian Prime Minister Erna Solberg’s posts on Facebook
Authors: Arora Sanjana , Debesay Jonas , Eslen-Ziya Hande
Published: February 2022

This article explores the Facebook posts of Norway’s Prime Minister Erna Solberg to highlight the key features of her crisis communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. It draws on data from Solberg’s Facebook posts from February 27, 2020 to February 9, 2021 (i.e., starting from the day when the first case of COVID-19 was recorded in Norway until the time of data collection for this study). Out of her 271 posts, 157 of them were about COVID-19 and were chosen for analysis. The analyses identified five major themes: (1) Promoting responsibility and togetherness (2) Coping (3) Being in control amidst uncertainty (4) Fostering hope and (5) Relating with the followers. Drawing inspiration from Boin, Stern and Sundelius’, work on persuasive narratives, this study shows the ways that Solberg’s posts about COVID-19 exhibit all five identified frame functions. In addition, the findings add contextual nuances to the frame functions through the theme of ‘Responsibilization and togetherness’, which are reflected through references to Norwegianness and the cultural concept and practice ofdugnad. This study adds to our knowledge about how persuasive narratives are incorporated into the social media communication strategies of leaders and highlights the usefulness of this framework for studying ongoing and future crises.
Association of parental characteristics with offspring anthropometric failure, anaemia and mortality in India
Authors: Rai Rajesh Kumar , Subramanian S. V. , Vollmer Sebastian
Published: February 2022

This study used a wide range of information on parental sociodemographic, physical and behavioural characteristics as well as on the presence of non-communicable diseases among parents and examined the association of these attributes with anthropometric failure, anaemia and mortality of their children aged 0–59 months. Findings revealed that children of fathers aged 30–39 years were less likely to experience anthropometric failure and anaemia; however, survival of children of fathers below 18 years at marriage could be threatened. Parental education had protective association with children’s anthropometric failure, anaemia and under-five mortality. With increasing maternal height, children had lower odds of anthropometric failure and under-five mortality. Tobacco use by mothers was associated with increase in under-five mortality, and children with diabetic fathers had higher odds of under-five mortality.
Discovering causal structure with reproducing-kernel Hilbert space
ε
-machines
Authors: Brodu Nicolas , Crutchfield James P.
Published: February 2022

We merge computational mechanics’ definition of causal states (predictively equivalent histories) with reproducing-kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) representation inference. The result is a widely applicable method that infers causal structure directly from observations of a system’s behaviors whether they are over discrete or continuous events or time. A structural representation—a finite- or infinite-state kernel ϵ-machine—is extracted by a reduced-dimension transform that gives an efficient representation of causal states and their topology. In this way, the system dynamics are represented by a stochastic (ordinary or partial) differential equation that acts on causal states. We introduce an algorithm to estimate the associated evolution operator. Paralleling the Fokker–Planck equation, it efficiently evolves causal-state distributions and makes predictions in the original data space via an RKHS functional mapping. We demonstrate these techniques, together with their predictive abilities, on discrete-time, discrete-value infinite Markov-order processes generated by finite-state hidden Markov models with (i) finite or (ii) uncountably infinite causal states and (iii) continuous-time, continuous-value processes generated by thermally driven chaotic flows. The method robustly estimates causal structure in the presence of varying external and measurement noise levels and for very high-dimensional data.
Global well-posedness of z-weak solutions to the primitive equations without vertical diffusivity
Authors: Li Jinkai , Yuan Guozhi
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we consider the initial boundary value problem in a cylindrical domain to the three-dimensional primitive equations with full eddy viscosity in momentum equations but with only horizontal eddy diffusivity in the temperature equation. Global well-posedness of a z-weak solution is established for any such initial datum such that itself and its vertical derivative belong to L2. This not only extends the results in the work of Cao, Li, and Titi [Physica D 412, 132606 (2020)] from the spatially periodic case to general cylindrical domains but also weakens regularity assumptions on the initial data, which are required to be H2 there.
Analysis of small scale fluctuations in Hall effect thrusters using virtual Thomson scattering on PIC simulations
Authors: Ben Slimane Tarek , Honoré Cyrille , Charoy Thomas , Bourdon Anne , Chabert Pascal
Published: February 2022

Hall effect thrusters are yet not fully understood due to multiple open questions, among which the anomalous electron transport is the most challenging. Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulations suggested that electron transport is strongly affected by small-scale instabilities which can be investigated experimentally using Collective Thomson Scattering (CTS). In this paper, we perform a virtual CTS diagnostic on PIC data in order to investigate these small scales and to relate simulation and experiments. The virtual diagnostic is performed on the electron density maps from a simplified 2D axial-azimuthal PIC simulation. Analysis along the channel axis showed two dominant modes at 8 and 3 rad mm−1. These modes exhibit ion-acoustic wave features and appear to be selectively affected by the acceleration of the ions when transitioning from the ionization zone to the acceleration zone. A numerical study of the electron density fluctuation rate from the virtual CTS is also performed and the obtained profiles are compared to PIC. This reveals that the virtual CTS integrates both axial and azimuthal fluctuations of the electron density due to the spatial extension of the scattering volume. Moreover, it also highlights the importance of a good estimation of the electron density in the scattering volume for an accurate estimation of the fluctuation rate.
Van der Pol oscillator based on NbO2 volatile memristor: A simulation analysis
Authors: Luo Ziqing , Bo Yeheng , Sadaf S. M. , Liu Xinjun
Published: February 2022

Nature positively embodies a rich yet complex array of nonlinear phenomena. To date, it has remained unclear how to exploit these phenomena to solve a wide range of problems. The Van der Pol oscillator is one of the nonlinear dynamical systems that hold tremendous promise for a broad range of important applications from a circuit performance booster to hard problem solving to mapping the biological nonlinear dynamics. Here, we theoretically build a Van der Pol oscillator circuit using a NbO2 volatile memristor to perform a systematic analysis of the complex nonlinear dynamic behavior. Three types of oscillation phenomena including period doubling, quasi-period, and chaos are obtained by varying the parallel capacitance and futher distinguished by mathematical analysis, such as fast Fourier transform, Poincaré plots, and plane trajectories of voltage on the memristor. The frequency locking phenomenon of the system is presented to enable a programmable frequency demultiplication. Moreover, the other critical circuit parameters such as DC voltage amplitude, load resistance, and AC driving frequency are also modulated to understand the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the system. All these analyses provide a viable platform to understand and implement nonlinear systems for a broad range of multifunctional oscillatory devices.
Design of an array of piezoresistive airflow sensors based on pressure loading mode for simultaneous detection of airflow velocity and direction
Authors: Chen Jinyan , Liu Pengzhan , Hu Jie , Yang Jianlin , Chen Chao
Published: February 2022

As an irreplaceable element for obtaining airflow information in many engineering scenarios, airflow sensors have gained increasing attention across the fields of aerospace engineering, environmental engineering, sustainable energy exploitation, meteorology research, and so on. As one of the mainstream airflow sensing principles, piezoresistive airflow velocity sensors have experienced rapid growth over the years, while effective vector airflow sensors with the ability of detecting both airflow velocity and direction based on the piezoresistive principle are scarce. Here, on the basis of our developed piezoresistive airflow velocity sensors based on pressure loading mode, we design an array of these sensors and propose a corresponding explicit algorithm for simultaneous detection of airflow velocity and direction. This sensor array configuration enables an automatic recognition function of the quadrant of incoming airflow, which can significantly simplify the reverse calculation of airflow information compared with conventional vector airflow sensors. The experimental results demonstrate the decent performance of this sensor array for identifying both airflow velocity and direction. This study not only fills the gap between our developed airflow velocity sensor and the ability of detecting airflow direction but also presents a simple and universal array-based strategy for vector airflow sensing, which could be widely applied in airflow sensors based on other principles.
Molecular beam scattering of a diatomic molecule from a solid surface in case of strong rotational non-equilibrium
Authors: Andric Nemanja , Jenny Patrick
Published: February 2022

In this work, a numerical study on molecular beam scattering of a nitrogen molecule from a graphite surface has been performed. The study was carried out using the molecular dynamics method. The focus of the study is mainly placed on investigating the scattering dynamics in the case of strong rotational non-equilibrium, defined here as a state in which rotational temperature of a molecule strongly deviates from the room temperature. To that end, the incident beam velocity and initial rotational energy of nitrogen molecules have been varied greatly in order to capture a broad range of possible initial states. The obtained results provide valuable insight into the nature of energy transfer occurring during collisions and help to quantify the intensity of rotational–translational coupling between inner kinetic modes in gas–surface collisions. Consequently, the collected data can potentially be used for more accurate characterization of the respective phenomena and improve the quality of boundary models used in rarefied gas flow simulations.
Numerical investigations of unsteady critical flow conditions over an obstacle using three models
Authors: Dai Shubing , Jin Sheng
Published: February 2022

This paper focuses on the temporal and spatial evolutions of critical flow under unsteady rapidly varied flow conditions, which is defined based on different viewpoints under steady gradually varied conditions in the classical fluid mechanics theory. So far, the fundamental theory of critical flow is largely unknown for unsteady rapidly varied flow conditions. Taking a Gauss-type weir as an example, this work investigates comprehensively and comparatively the influences of unsteadiness, non-hydrostatic pressure, and non-uniform velocity on the critical flow at the weir crest using three models: (i) the unsteady vertically averaged hydrostatic Shallow Water Equations (SWE); (ii) the unsteady vertically averaged non-hydrostatic Serre–Green–Naghdi Equations (SGNE); and (iii) the unsteady vertical velocity-resolved non-hydrostatic Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes Equations (RANSE). The results demonstrate that, for all three models, the critical points defined by the minimum specific energy, minimum specific momentum, and Froude number equals to unity are generally different and do not occur at the weir crest, except for those of the SWE for steady flow conditions. We found that unsteadiness and non-hydrostatic pressure have significant effects on critical flow, whereas non-uniform velocity has a weak effect. Crest discharge hydrographs revealed that the SGNE and the RANSE are good modeling options, whereas the SWE are not reliable when the shock wave approaches the weir crest. The discharge calculated by the water depth of the weir crest in an unsteady process based on the critical depth–discharge relationship is more accurate than the discharge calculated by SWE.