bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Perceived Performance of Solar-Powered Borehole Projects in Nigeria
Authors: Bello Usman , Yawas Danjuma Saleh , Oyedeji Ayodeji Nathaniel
Published: January 2023

This study aimed at the assessment of the perspective of the people of Kano-south senatorial district, Nigeria on solar powered borehole projects. This research sought to establish the performance of solar-powered boreholes in terms of presence, their importance, their performance, and maintenance culture as well as provide solutions to possible problems that the senatorial district may be encountering in the usage of these amenities to ensure good sustainability. The survey research method was adopted for this study, and data were collected from 400 people who represented the sample size. The analysis of the data collected showed that 88.6% of the respondents affirmed the presence of solar-powered boreholes in the study area, which is in line with the hypothesis analysis. Similarly, the result showed that although the solar-powered borehole projects have positive impacts on the standard of living of the populace, most of these amenities are not functional due to the low regularity of borehole maintenance. Based on the views of the end-users, it was recommended that the involvement of community leaders and other end-users, proper training of the end-users, provision of channels of reporting damages, the building of more solar-powered boreholes and adequate provision for maintenance are some of the ways to ensure better sustainability of solar-powered boreholes projects in the senatorial district.
Evaluation of Factors influencing the Shopee PayLater adoption in Indonesia
Authors: Agustin Leo
Published: January 2023

Current technological developments are one of the causes of the creation of financial technology (fintech) innovations. One of the fintech innovations that is developing in Indonesia is Shopee PayLater. This study aims to investigate the factors that determine the use of the Shopee PayLater function and its impact on consumption behavior among Indonesian students who use it. The primary data was collected from Indonesian e-commerce users. Later, the Grey Relational Analysis model was used for data analysis and evaluation of the factors. According to the findings, income, behavioral intention, and social influence all had a favorable and significant impact on the use of Shopee PayLater. Additionally, using Shopee PayLater has a good and significant impact on people's purchasing habits.
Human Rights Issues at Amazon Corporation
Authors: Mulugeta Helen Esayas
Published: January 2023

Multinational corporations like Amazon play important role in socio-economic development of the capitalist countries like the United States. The study aims to identify and analyze the problems and issues faced by the Amazon employees. It is found that the Amazon’s work environment consists of harsh working conditions, excessive productivity quotas, and screening methods that put its employees at risk with serious consequences for their safety and well-being. Guided by media testimonies and published reports, the work presents one of the first detailed and balanced reports of human rights issues at the Amazon. It is suggested that to protect workers’ rights the legislators and government agencies must develop and enforce robust workplace safety regulations. Also, by facilitating the Amazon workers form unions, a right granted by the International Labour Organization and the US Constitution, and guaranteeing the role of humans (and not machines) in employee terminations several human right issues can be resolved before reaching courts.
Perfil epidemiológico e aspectos clínicos da doença de chagas no estado do Pará, durante os anos de 2017 a 2020
Authors: Magalhães Silva Natália , Colares de Carvalho Júnior Cloudo Luiz , Damasceno Caldeira Rossela
Published: January 2023

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar o perfil epidemiológico da doença de Chagas em sua fase aguda, no Estado do Pará, Brasil, durante os anos de 2017 a 2020, assim como os aspectos clínicos da doença. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), disponibilizado pelo Ministério da Saúde de forma gratuita e sem a necessidade do comitê de ética em pesquisa. No período de 2017 a 2020, no Estado do Pará, a doença de Chagas apresentou maior incidência no sexo masculino, e o ano de maior ocorrência de casos confirmados foi 2017, com 29,67% dos casos, e a transmissão oral é a forma mais provável de infecção na região estudada, além disso, verificou-se também que o critério de confirmação mais utilizado foi o diagnóstico laboratorial. Desse modo, o presente estudo auxilia no entendimento do perfil epidemiológico da doença de chagas no estado do Pará, contribuindo, assim, para a construção de novos estudos sobre o tema e ações de prevenção a essa doença.
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF THREE LOCAL POTATO VARIETIES
Authors: AL-Bayati Hussein J. , Salim Abdulla M. , AL-Sheikh Mohanad A.
Published: January 2023

The study was carried out in the field of vegetables/ Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design / Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry / University of Mosul / Iraq during the spring growth season 2018 to study growth and yield of three potato varieties which local produced tubers from last spring season, with addition organic fertilizer: Rice residue and poultry manufactured manure (Italian origin), and chemical fertilizer NP, and control treatment. The experiment involved 12 treatments (3×4) carried out in the field using a split plot system within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The cultivars were placed in the main plots and fertilizers treatments placed in the sub plots. The results could be summarized as follows: The Volar variety gave the least days for tuber emergence and higher tuber emergence percentage. The sylvana variety significantly increased chlorophyll content in leaves. The Arizona variety increased significantly tuber weight, tuber number per plant, plant yield and tubers total yield 71.05 gm, 9.90 tuber. Plant-1 , 707.66 gm. plant-1 and 37.741 t. ha-1 respectively. No significant differences observed between varieties in the yield quality. The addition of chemical fertilizer significantly increased plant higher, tuber weight, tuber number per plant, plant yield and tubers total yield 61.63 cm, 81.54 gm, 10.54 tuber. Plant-1 , 859.43 gm. plant-1 and 45.835 t. ha-1 respectively. Poultry manure increased significantly quality yield such as tubers dry matter percentage, starch percentage and specific gravity of tubers. The interaction between volar variety with chemical fertilizer gave least days for tuber emergence. Arizona variety with chemical fertilizer significantly increased plant higher 62.86 cm, tuber weight 83.77 gm, and tuber number 11.76 tuber. Plant-1 , plant yield 985.13 gm. plant-1 and total yield of tubers 52.540 t. ha-1 . Sylvana variety with control increased chlorophyll content in leaves, but Arizona variety with rice residue increased significantly dry matter percentage, starch percentage of tubers and specific gravity of tubers.
EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF CHELATED ZINC, GIBBERELLIC ACID GA3 AND KINETIN ON GROWTH OF ZAGHINIA APRICOT SEEDLINGS
Authors: Ameen Nabil M.
Published: January 2023

Factorial experiment has been conducted on apricot transplants (Prunus armeniaca L.) cv. Zaghinia of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, during the growing seasons 2008. To study the effect of foliar application of chelated zinc Zn-EDTA with three levels 0, 50 and 100 mgZn.l-1 , spray with two concentrations of Gibberellic acid 0 and 100 mg GA3.l-1 and spray with three concentrations of kinetin 0, 125 and 250mg KIN.l-1 and study the effects of interaction between all factors were studied on the growth and minerals content of Apricot seedlings. The results showed that foliar application of Zn-EDTA with 50mg.l-1 caused significant increase on the total chlorophyll, nitrogen, and potassium percentage in leaves. Significant increase obtained in phosphorus and zinc concentrations in the leaves on 100mgGA3.l-1 . Spray with Gibberellic acid at 100mgGA3.l-1 caused significant increase in dry weight of roots, total chlorophyll, nitrogen, and phosphorus percentage in leaves. Spray with Kinetin at 125mgKIN.l-1 caused significant increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc in the leaves. While Spray with 250mgKIN.l-1 caused significant increase in total of chlorophyll in the leaves. The results of triple interaction between all factors caused significant effect on dry weight of roots and total chlorophyll with 50mgZn.l-1 + 100mgGA3.l-1 + 250mgKIN.l-1.
Challenges in investigating Peripheral Vascular Disease in patients with Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Vara Sarina , Kypraios Ioannis , Thapar Ankur , Kyriakides Constantinos , Dindyal Shiva
Published: January 2023

Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes, with cardiovascular disease representing the principle cause of death and morbidity amongst diabetics, it is imperative that early investigation and then intervention is achieved. Diabetic patients are at increased risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), with an earlier onset and a more severe and diffuse manifestation often being seen. The key factors in diabetic arteriopathy include vascular smooth vessel dysfunction, inflammation, hypercoagulability and endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, the presence of PAD is a marker of generalised atherosclerosis and is a strong indicator of increased morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular ischaemic events, with the risk of atherothrombotic events increasing in the presence of concomitant diabetes.
THE ROLE OF A LEADER IN THE SUCCESS OF A SPORTS TEAM
Authors: Gevorgyan N.  E. , Barbaryan M.S.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to reveal the role and activity of the leader in various sports, the characteristics of his behavioral manifestation.
Research problems are to study leadership as a socio-psychological phenomenon, to determine the role of leadership in the sports process, to study the individual psychological features of the leader, to find out the characteristic features of leadership behavior in sports teams.
Some personal aspects of the leaders' behavior that affect the success of the sports team have been analyzed in the article. The main types of leadership have also been analyzed, with the help of which the leading role of leadership in sports teams is established.
Steady manifestations of the leader's behavior, psychological reliability, as well as possession of willpower and abilities, increase the effectiveness of sports activities in the team. The above mentioned factors determine the role and style of the leader in the team: Leader-performer (executive), situational leader, leading organizer, mixed style leader. The role of the leader is highly appreciated in the sports process; the importance of the latter is especially obvious in gaming teams.
Thus, we may conclude that the leaders in the groups are mainly athletes at an older age who have extensive sports and competitive experience or differ in their behavioral indicators.
THE INFLUENCE OF CHESS ON THE PROCESS OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Hakobyan E. G.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the research is to identify the peculiarities of chess influence among children.
In the course of the study, an analysis of theoretical and methodical literature was used. Mathematical and statistic methods, sociological surveys, and observations were also used.
The results of the research prove that children who play chess show significantly high results in logical processes, as well as in the ability to use the time presented rationally.
Thus, it is obvious that chess has an effective influence on the development of the mental abilities of children.
It can be concluded that chess teaches children to think thoroughly over each move, it teaches them to analyze their own position, it teaches them to think. People who have been taught to make each move deliberately since childhood, use this habit in other activities as well.
Chess is not only an intellectual sport that gives children joy, it is also an effective means for mental development.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SOME MORPHOFUNCTIONAL INDICATORS OF SCHOOLCHILDREN AND YOUNG ATHLETES
Authors: Aghajanyan M.G. , Chshmarityan M.V.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the article is the research and assessment of main indicators of the physical development of schoolchildren and young athletes (wrestling).
Theoretical and practical issues of medical supervision of young athletes and schoolchildren are important for maintaining and strengthening health. As a result, it was found that the indicators of physical development and cardiovascular system of young wrestlers exceed the indicators of schoolchildren. Thus, the level of cardiovascular reserve and the adaptive potential of wrestlers (classic style) tend to strain adaptive abilities of the body, particularly the cardiovascular system.
KNOWLEDGE OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF OLYMPISM. SOCIOLOGICAL OBSERVATION
Authors: Avagyan Hasmik , Barbaryan Mesrop
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to study the level of knowledge of older students in Olympism and determine the pedagogical conditions for its improvement and activities to equip students with Olympic knowledge. We pursued the goal of studying the level of literacy and education of students in Olympism. It was supposed to determine the interests of experts in improving the knowledge of the Olympic ideology in the subject "Physical culture"․
As a result of the study, a real picture of the level of knowledge of older students in Olympism and the Olympic movement, gaps and omissions in the process of physical education was revealed. The reasons are identified, which include socio-economic transformations in the Republic of Armenia, insufficient number of hours allocated for Olympic education, etc., which is confirmed by the corresponding digital material.
The author develops pedagogical approaches to improve the level of knowledge of schoolchildren in Olympism, which will be tested in the process of school education.
INFLUENCE OF CREATINE MONOHYDRATE ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND SPEED ENDURANCE OF WOMAN FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Khachatryan N. , Tambovcova R.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to investigate the effect of 28 days of creatine monohydrate use in football players after a test exercise on speed endurance and biochemical parameters.
The data obtained indicate that as a result of daily usage of 0.1 g / kg of creatine monohydrate according to muscle mass for 28 days, the indicators of speed endurance were improved by a significant 8.40% (an increase in the number of steps in the test exercise), which after completing the test task affected the biochemical data, where the creatinine level was decreased by 3.40%, the indicators of creatine phosphokinase were decreased by 2.37% and lactate concentration were decreased by an average of 26.40%.
The data obtained indicate that using creatine monohydrate at a dose of 0.1 g / kg according to muscle mass per day contributed to an increase in speed endurance, in particular, an increase in the creatine reserve in the muscles, which is seen in decrease of lactate concentration after completing a test workout.
The decrease of creatinine and creatine phosphokinase indicates less muscle breakdown and, consequently, a decrease in excretion in blood in general, especially in vein blood.
BIOENERGETIC STANDARDS OF PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE OF SWIMMERS OF DIFFERENT AGES
Authors: Feroyan E.V.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the research is to study the adaptation features of the body of young athletes in the process of long-term physically overburdened trainings.
Research aim is to study the physiological reactions of the body of athletes in case of non-specific overload, and to establish effective interaction during a limited period of training according to the functional state and physical performance of the athletes' body. The object of the research were sportsmen from 13 to 24 ,specializing in swimming. The study was carried out as part of a natural training process. The study was conducted against the background of natural educational and training process. The training program of the swimmers included two daily classes with one day of rest per week. The studies were conducted in terms corresponding to the preparatory period of training. The swimmers' training program involved two daily sessions with one day off per week. The studies were conducted in terms corresponding to the preparatory period of training.
SYSTEMIC MORPHOFUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF CARDIOMYOCYTES OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS AFTER PROLONGED PHYSICAL LOAD WITH SUBSEQUENT REST
Authors: Ghevondyan T.H. , Barinyan S. B․ , Antonyan I.V. , Ghevondyan H.T.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to find out the nature of the impact of a combination of extreme physical activity and different duration of post-exercise rest on the function of myocardial contractility in experimental animals. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to carry out a comparative analysis of the patterns of ultrastructural organization of cardiac muscle cells in two groups of animals: a) normal healthy animals living with normal daily physical activity, and b) animals adapted to prolonged maximum physical activity; to assess the strength of myocardial contractility using a multivariate systemic quantitative morphological analysis based on the methodology of Quantitative Functional Morphology (QFM); to check the adequacy and evaluate the accuracy of the QFM method for measuring cardiomyocyte myocardial contractility by conducting simultaneous and parallel measurements of the force of myocardial contractility using a direct measurement method by micromechanography; to carry out a comparative correlation analysis of the factors that may cause the detected scatter in the data on myocardial contractility in swimming rats.
Taking into account the characteristics of the body of athletes, it is advisable to choose for each athlete an individual mode of the duration and strength of loads, as well as the duration of post-load rest based on objective data, especially before the upcoming competitions.
PHYSICAL REHABILITATION METHODS FOR CONGENITAL TORTICOLLIS
Authors: Martirosyan A. H.
Published: January 2023

Congenital muscle torticollis is one of the most common congenital diseases of the musculoskeletal system (5-12%) ranking third. 3 out of 1000 children are diagnosed with torticollis. None of the many theories of the occurrence of curvature fully reveals the mechanism of the occurrence of this pathology. Therefore, it is considered one of the urgent problems of pediatric orthopedics. The aim of the work is to study the methods of physical rehabilitation used in the treatment of congenital muscle torticollis, to find out their effectiveness and to discover new approaches.
One of the main causes of curvature is dysfunction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which leads to its shortening. Violation, underdevelopment of this muscle is mainly associated with birth trauma. The main symptoms are incorrect position of the head, tilting and turning of the face, neck deformation. However, different changes may occur depending on the degree of damage. After diagnosis, timely treatment is very important.
From the literature we studied, it became clear that the most effective methods of treatment are exercises, massage, hydrokinesiotherapy, and kinesiotaping. However, the effectiveness of all these methods lie in their correct combination. It is important to remember that one should start treatment in the first months of a child's life regularly until he fully recovers. Correctly selected remedies at an early stage will help the child to avoid further complications and surgery.
APPLICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN NATURAL DISASTERS
Authors: Metsoyan L.A.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to study the natural disasters that threaten the life and safety of humanity in the modern world, and to reveal the role of modern technologies in their prevention and overcoming. In order to achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to study natural disasters and the damage caused by them, to identify human security problems due to natural disasters, to identify the role and importance of modern technologies in the fight against natural disasters.
Based on all this, we can conclude that the role of drones in public safety and search and rescue operations is irreplaceable. Medical equipment is one of the most technologically advanced sectors of the global economy. Because this medical device provides important information about the presence of life and its location, and is able to work remotely, it is of great importance in search and rescue operations. A walking, running and flying robot comes to help during disasters where the rescuer cannot reach. The role of the latter is huge in eliminating the consequences of natural disasters and saving human lives.
OLYMPIC EDUCATION AS A COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors: Harutyunyan Anahit
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study is the expansion of the subject of independent work of students in conditions of reducing classroom hours from subjects “Olympic Movement”, “History of physical culture and sports”. At the level of interdependence, to propose, to introduce topics on Olympic education in independent work within the framework of general educational programs of the university.
On the example of the Kuban State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism, the authors are presented with the point of view that Olympic education is very important in the training of specialists and the preservation of universal values. The author claims that the Olympic education unites and complements the special training of specialists. He offers to revise the topics of independent work of students in special educational programs for implementation.
The interrelation and interdependence with the disciplines “Olympic Movement” and “Olympic education” implemented within the framework of special educational programs of the university, it can be considered that the practical result achieved in the educational process and in the training of specialists, will ensure the development of the Olympic movement.
THE ROLE AND APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN FOOTBALL
Authors: Metsoyan L.A. , Mardanyan S.M.
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, the role of modern information technologies is invaluable for professionals in any field, including sports professionals and athletes. Computer technologies are becoming more and more entrenched in the world of football.
The aim of the research is to study the main role and features of the use of innovative information technologies in the activities of football coaches, the theoretical and methodological foundations of a strategic approach to the innovation management in the field of physical culture and sports, as well as technology development and testing for the implementation of system innovations.
At the current stage of football development, information technologies have been developed that allow the coach to simulate the training process of football players, and the referees to judge the competition more objectively.
PHYSICAL TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Plachynda T.S. , Zakharova O.V.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study is to actualize the issue of physical training of future specialists in the conditions of distance learning.
The research task is to highlight work experience of physical education teachers in higher educational institutions of Ukraine in the conditions of distance learning.
Distance education is extremely flexible and provides an individual approach to each student, who can choose the most convenient mode of study. The basis of the methodology of self-study was an individual approach. The norm of physical load and the method of its regulation were chosen taking into account the level of physical fitness of the student. For the self-improvement of students, the need to develop an algorithm of an individual health and preventive program for improving physical fitness is determined, which is a closed cyclic process and consists of five blocks, namely diagnostic, informational, target, activity and control.
The main advantage of this form of organizing classes is that it does not require the presence of a teacher, as well as special equipment. All physical exercises provided by the program are performed with your own weight. The use of Internet resources makes it possible to make physical education classes interesting and diverse, which will be maximally useful for the students’ health. The use of phone applications provided feedback between the teacher and the student (students, when groups were created in phone apps, like, Viber, Telegram, WhatsApp, etc.). Students were offered various sets of exercises taking into account their physiological qualities and physical abilities.
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF FITNESS INDUSTRY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN POTENTIAL IN THE HOTEL BUSINESS
Authors: Qocharyan Karine
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to study the necessity of introducing sports services in the hotel enterprise and increasing competitiveness due to it.
The research methods are the study and the analysis of professional literature, psychological analysis of the client, assessment of the marketing situation of sports services in the hotel business.
Analysis of research results is to improve the knowledge of professional specialists and to establish contribution in the field, using the experience of global, particularly Russian, European and local markets. Guided by the principles of re-equipment and improvement at first, find a unique and stable place in the market, and afterwards think about price changes, without forgetting the prime cost pricing. Fitness service in hotels is not a sports movement, but a concept of a healthy lifestyle, where both professional athletes and ordinary citizens can meet their needs and interests. This emphasizes great opportunities and consumption potential of this sector.
ANALYSIS OF METHODS FOR ASSESSING HUMAN FLEXIBILITY
Authors: Gulyan A.H. , Kyokchyan H.G. , Gasparyan H.S.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is the study of modern methods for assessing human flexibility
The research was carried out through the analysis of scientific and methodological literature. In the course of the study, the proposed methods for assessing flexibility were studied. The study identified relatively simple and affordable tests for assessing flexibility. Positive and negative aspects of quantitative and qualitative tests were also analyzed to assess flexibility. Quantitative tests require special equipment, inventory and specially designed model scales. The development of these scales requires taking into account factors such as age, gender, profession, health status, and anthropometric data. Unlike tests with quantitative characteristics, tests with qualitative characteristics are available for use, but the accuracy of the assessment is not high. These tests are not very suitable for comparing individual groups or for self-monitoring purposes. Both test should be applied depending on the situation, testing conditions, available assessment scales.
STUDENTS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Tamiryan G. Sh.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to study the attitude of university students to physical culture and to achieve the aim of the study, the following methods were used: study and analysis of literary sources, a survey. Research was organized in the State Medical University after M. Heratsi, a survey was conducted among 105 students of the 1st course. The survey results showed that only 14.2% of the surveyed first-course students were satisfied with the physical education they received in high school. It was revealed that 41.4% of students expressed a desire to do fitness, 28.5% shaping, and the same percentage was revealed for athletic gymnastics. Researches have shown the necessity to develop new approaches of physical education in universities. It should be noted that students have a positive attitude towards physical culture: 77.1% expect to have a beautiful body and 71.4% - to improve their health.
NEW APPROACHES TO THE RESULTS ANALYSIS OF SEPARATE ATHLETICS MULTISPORT COMPETITIONS
Authors: Martirosyan E. Z. , Hambardzumyan V. A. , Harutyunyan M. A.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to study and analyze the dynamics of the results of individual athletic multisport competitions.
The research was based on the study of the results of men's decathlon and women's heptathlon at the Olympic Games from 2000 to 2020. The initial data of this study were the existing results of elite and high-class athletes, taking into account some principles known and used in the literature.
Athletic Multisport race is considered a complex technical competition, which combines different classical athletic competitions. The athlete is required to demonstrate strong willpower, to master the technique of certain types of competitions, to have a high level of motor abilities. In our opinion, the further improvement of sports results in multisport race among high-class athletes largely depends on the level of development of the speed-strength types of the competition program.
KEY WEAKNESSES IN COACHES’ ANTI-DOPING KNOWLEDGE THAT MAY INFLUENCE ATHLETES' USE OF PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES. A CROSS-NATIONAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: Hovhannisyan A.S , Sahakyan G.G. , Ukleba T. , Arhip E. , Jalleh G. , Donovan R. , Hovhannisyan Areg
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study is investigation of the level, similarities and differences of coaches and athletes anti-doping knowledge in Armenia, Georgia and Moldova to identify the essential components of an education program for coaches to ensure coaches positive impact on attitudes and beliefs of their athletes towards doping.
The results of study allow us to make a conclusion that in addition to requests of WADA Education International Standard, the following aspects will be necessary to include in the Education Program for Coaches in Armenia, Georgia and Moldova:
Explanation of the difference between substances prohibited at all times and only in-competition in detail. Included in presentations, explanation of differences between specific and non-specific stimulants and glucocorticoids use is needed.
Explanation of Anti-Doping organizations’ roles and responsibilities of testing and sanctions of the athletes of national and international levels. A separate attention to the sanctions of athletes support personnel
Explanation of the difference between substances prohibited at all times and only in-competition in detail. Included in presentations, explanation of differences between specific and non-specific stimulants and glucocorticoids use is needed.
Explanation of the difference between sport disciplines in the aspect of Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADVR) statistics. The important point will be the comparison of ADRV statistics in the world and each country.
FEATURES OF PHYSICAL TRAINING IN SPORTS DANCES. LITERATURE ANALYSIS
Authors: Novruzyan Armine
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to reveal the opinions of specialists about the features of the organization of the process of physical training of athletes in sports dances based on the study of the analysis of scientific and methodological literature.
Sports dances is an acyclic, complex-coordinating sport associated with the art of expressive movement. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the development and justification of the pedagogical effectiveness of young dancers’ physical training methodology, which for the first time is based on the identified leading motor and functional abilities of dancers in the performance of Latin American dance programs.
As a result of research of scientific and methodical sources, it became clear that specialists paid more attention to dancers over the age of 10, to various issues of training and competitive process of practicing in pairs. Until now, these studies mostly related to the stage of specialized training in pairs, and did not relate to solo dancers.
Unfortunately, the issues of physical training of solo dancers, and in particular the structure of the leading motor abilities, methodical features of their training have not yet been studied. The solution of these issues is important for achieving high sports results.
INFLUENCE OF VARIABLE INTERVAL TRAINING METHOD ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPEED ENDURANCE IN 400 METERS RUNNERS
Authors: Smbatyan V.A. , Kosakyan A.V.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to show the effectiveness of using the variable-interval method on the process of developing speed endurance in young men aged from 14 to 15, in a 400-meter run.
The problem of the research is using various means and methods in the educational and training process to help to increase the speed endurance of 400 meter runners.
Training sprinter athletes is one of the most difficult tasks that requires a systematic approach, where the trainer must take into account many factors.
It is a set of methodological foundations, organizational forms and conditions of the training process, optimally interacting with each other on the basis of certain principles and ensuring the best level of readiness of an athlete for high sporting achievements.
At the beginning of testing, the boys recorded the following average results: running 800m. – 2.36 min., running 4X400m – 1.31 min., running 1000m – 3.29 min., squats with a barbell 20kg., 30 squats.
The final testing showed the following results: 800m run - 2.26min., 4X400m run - 1.22min., 1000m run - 3.17min., squat with a 20kg barbell - 41 squats.
The implementation of serious special physical work to improve the speed endurance of athletes should begin exactly at the age of 15-16, at the initial stage of in-depth specialization.
DYNAMICS OF FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL ABILITIES OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORT
Authors: Geghamyan V. Gh. , Arzaqanyan S.S.
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the pedagogical abilities of students of Armenian State Institute of Physical Culture and Sports, which can be one of the keys to ensure the effectiveness of professional activity: organizational, communicative, conflict-oriented abilities, and listening skills.
The aim of the research is to reveal the dynamics and contents of the development of pedagogical abilities of the student specialists of ASIPCS, based on the results of a 4-year study.
The research was carried out among 200 students from the 1st to 4th courses of ASIPCS that represented various sports: basketball, volleyball, football, wrestling, sports dances, gymnastics, swimming, there were also kinesiologists, sports journalists, etc. The analysis of the researched abilities of students of ASIPCS revealed, that in addition to the ability to listen, along with the educational process, other significant changes develop and undergo, and the level of their development and patterns of manifestation are different in different courses of study. Comparative analysis and observations have shown that the correct organization of the educational process, innovative approaches, the level of teaching and the relationship between the lecturer and the student are essential for the development of student abilities. Student environment and peculiarities of student sport teams also have a great socializing and developing effect.
Americanization of the Philadelphia German Reformed Community in the Era of the Revolution, 1775–1801
Authors: Harpster Donald E.
Published: January 2023

The Americanization of the Philadelphia German Reformed community had its origins during the era of the American Revolution. Coming from a European Reformed tradition that had state support, the community found it difficult to maintain a church in the pluralistic environment of colonial Pennsylvania but the church’s charter of incorporation provided the needed modicum of support for the religious enterprise. Throughout the American Revolution, the Philadelphia German Reformed community supported the Patriot cause and its pastor, Caspar Weyberg, openly spoke in favor of independence during the British occupation of Philadelphia. However, the Philadelphia German Reformed community still valued aspects of its European heritage. The official language of the congregation remained German throughout the eighteenth century. In addition, the community was loyal to its theological and liturgical heritage embodied in the Heidelberg Catechism and the Palatinate Liturgy.
DESIGN OF A COMPARATOR USED IN I/O UNITS OF INTEGRATED
CIRCUITS FOR A 14-NAM COMPLEMENTARY METAL-OXIDESEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS
Authors: Ohanyan G.A. , Manvelyan M.T. , Ayvazyan M.TS.
Published: January 2023

In order to have high data transfer speeds, it is necessary to develop receiving and
transmitting systems. Receiving and transmitting systems can transmit those speeds without a loss of data. Electromagnetic fields cause noise on transmission lines with uncoordinated wave resistance, and the network of these noises can disrupt the proper operation of the device.As we know, a comparator is an integral part of receiving and transmitting devices designed to compare two analog signals. We give an analog signal at the input of the circuit and receive a digital one at the output. Thus, a comparator can be thought of as an element that performs transitions from an analog signal to a digital one, that is why, it is often referred to as a one-bit analog converter. The comparator has many parameters. These include speed, power consumption, sensitivity, threshold voltage, etc.
High-speed comparators allow to get a maximum speed while they take up less space. It is suggested to design a clocked comparator for the 14-nm CMOS technological process, which will have an input sensitivity of 4 mV at a clock rate of 3 GHz. During the
research, one scheme wasobserved, parametric optimization wasperformed through the SPICE model, physical modeling was performed using Custom Compiler. The results were displayed and measured using WaveView.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СИММЕТРИЧНЫХ АВТОКОЛЕБАНИЙ В НЕЛИНЕЙНЫХ ДВУМЕРНЫХ СИСТЕМАХ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Гаспарян О.Н. , Буниатян Л.М. , Карапетян А.А.
Published: January 2023

Исследование автоколебаний в многомерных нелинейных системах автоматического регулирования является сложной задачей, не имеющей в настоящее время
общего решения. В инженерной практике при проектировании нелинейных систем
наиболее часто применяется приближенный метод гармонической линеаризации,
который основан на учете только первой гармоники периодических колебаний на
выходах нелинейных элементов. Необходимые условия существования автоколебаний при этом записываются в виде условия нахождения на границе устойчивости
одной из характеристических систем гармонически линеаризованной многомерной
системы и так называемого условия коллинеарности вектора амплитуд автоколебаний и соответствующей оси канонического базиса системы. Трудоемкость численных
расчетов при этом резко возрастает с ростом размерности системы, т.е. с увеличением числа отдельных каналов.
В статье предлагается простой метод исследования симметричных одночастотных автоколебаний в нелинейных двумерных системах автоматического управления
с одинаковыми передаточными функциями отдельных каналов и жесткими взаимными связями, основанный на методах гармонической линеаризации и характеристических передаточных функций. В отличие от общего подхода, где требуются определение всех векторов амплитуд автоколебаний, удовлетворяющих условию коллинеарности, и последующая проверка условия гармонического баланса для одномерных характеристических систем, описанный в статье подход основан на определении
тех значений амплитуд и частот колебаний, при которых одна из двух характеристических систем находится на границе устойчивости, и простой графической проверке
условия коллинеарности. Процедура исследования автоколебаний при этом оказывается максимально приближенной к классической процедуре исследования нелинейных систем с одним входом и выходом. Приведен числовой пример исследования
автоколебаний и даны результаты динамического моделирования в среде пакета
Simulink, подтверждающие расчетные данные.
Upaya Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Fisika Menggunakan Model Inkuiri Terbimbing pada Pembelajaran Blended Learning dengan Aplikasi Zoom Meeting dan Google Classroom Kelas X IPA 3 di SMA Negeri 2 Manokwari Semester Genap Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Sabrina Megalin , Mujasam Mujasam , Sebayang Sri Rosepda Br
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mencari tau bagaimana penerapan model Inkuiri terbimbing pada pembelajaran blended learning menggunakan aplikasi Zoom meeting dan Google classroom untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep fisika peserta didik pada kelas X IPA 3 di SMA Negeri 2 Manokwari. Instrumen yang dipergunakan yaitu tes hasil evaluasi belajar untuk mengukur aspek kognitif dan angket respon untuk melihat bagaimana respon peserta didik terhadap model pembelajaran yang digunakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan model PTK. Analisis instrumen menggunakan CVR dan CVI untuk melihat validitas. Analisis hasil kognitif dan respon siswa menggunakan Microsoft Excel. Hasil evaluasi penelitian menunjukkan, di siklus I KBK 67,85% dan pada siklus II 82,14%. Respon peserta didik mengenai penggunaan model pembelajaran sebesar 73,52%. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa blended learning dengan model Inkuiri terbimbing menggunakan aplikasi zoom meeting dan google classroom bisa meningkatkan pemahaman konsep fisika peserta didik.
Pseudo-ventricular tachycardia—Diagnostic enigma in the emergency department: A case report
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Abd Ur , Albaroudi Bilal , Akram Hina , Ahmad Shabbir
Published: January 2023

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a type of broad complex tachycardia originating from a focus in the ventricle. It is one of the four important rhythms which can lead to cardiac arrest. Accurate and timely diagnosis of true VT is the cornerstone for proper management in the emergency department (ED).

We present an interesting case of an electrocardiographic artifact mimicking VT, which led to a diagnostic dilemma in the ED.
Phenol vs. botulinum toxin A injection for managing lower limb spasticity in adult patients with upper motor lesions: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Farpour Hamid Reza , Parvar Seyedeh Yasamin , Ahmed Faisal , Hajihosseini Azadeh , Ghamari Narges , Badheeb Mohamed , Nikbakht Hossein-Ali
Published: January 2023

Background: Phenol and botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections are two options for treating spasticity with the ability to select a specific spastic muscle and determine the dosage based on spasticity degree. This study intends to compare the efficacy of BTX-A vs. phenol blockade in treating lower limb spasticity and to evaluate the performance improvement in gross motor functional outcomes among adult patients with upper motor neuron (UMN) lesions.

Methods: This randomized, double-blind clinical trial of 28 spastic lower limb adult patients with UMN was diagnosed between March 1, 2017, to April 30, 2019. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to a “BTX-A injections” or a “Phenol injections” group. The outcomes were measured through assessment spasticity by the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), active range of motion (AROM) of lower limb joint by a goniometer, Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Penn Spasm Frequency Scale (PSFS) as a baseline and post-injection follow-up at 24 hours, 3 weeks, and 3 months.

Results: All 28 randomized patients were analyzed. No significant difference between the two study arms, neither in demographic characteristics nor in MAS, AROM, VRS, VAS, and PSFS parameters prior to the procedures. AROM showed a significant decrease from baseline throughout the study in the phenol group. While in the BTX-A group, they improved significantly at 3 weeks; no more improvement was observed at 3 months, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The reduction in MAS, VRS, VAS, and PSFS was statistically significant in each group at 24 hours, 3 weeks, and 3 months after the injection (p < 0.05). However, the differences were not significant between the phenol and BTX-A groups (p > 0.05), except for PSFS at the 3 months of follow-up in the Phenol group (p = 0.01). The need for re-injection at 6 months and 9 months was that 5 patients vs. 0 patients (p = 0.01) and 8 patients vs. 3 patients (p = 0.04) in the BTX-A and phenol groups, respectively, were statistically significant.

Conclusion: Phenol injection showed superior treatment effects in AROM, decreased spasm degree based on PSFS at 3 months, and less-frequent re-injection rate compared to BTX-A injections in adult patients with UMN lesions. However, both phenol and BTX-A injections effectively reduce spasticity without significant differences in efficacy and adverse effects. Future studies must be conducted with a longer duration of follow-up, and larger sample sizes better to compare both drugs’ effectiveness and side effects.

Trial registration: The study protocol was registered as a clinical trial under registration IRCT20170826035914N2 at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir).
Healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial consumption in critically ill COVID-19 patients: An observational study
Authors: Garcell Humberto Guanche , Jimenez Reynol Rubiera , Jimenez Yenima de la Nuez , Rivera Mario Ernesto Conde
Published: January 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted patient and safety issues globally, with special reference to device-associated infection in critical care patients.

Objective: To describe the incidence of device-associated infections, non-device-associated respiratory tract infections (RTIs), and antimicrobial use in critical COVID-19 patients during the first six months of the pandemic.

Methods: An observational study was conducted in an intensive care unit of a COVID-19-dedicated facility in Western Qatar from April 1 to September 30, 2020. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) were confirmed using the CDC definitions as per the corporate infection control program, except for other RTIs. Antimicrobial consumption was registered as days of therapy.

Results: During the study period, 30 patients (10.9%) with HAIs were reported from 275 patients admitted. Patients with HAI had a higher median Charlson index, hospital stay, mortality, and APACHE II score on admission. The use of devices (central and peripheral lines, urinary catheters, and ventilators) was more frequent in patients with HAI. The RTI (16 cases) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) (10 cases) were the most frequent localizations. The infection rate for device-associated infections was 7.84, 3.23, and 2.75 per 1000 device days for VAP, central line-associated bloodstream infection, and catheter-associated urinary tract infection, respectively. 49 isolates related to HAI were identified, with 20 isolates being multidrug-resistant organisms (40.8%). A longer duration of antibiotic therapy was observed in HAI patients (34.1 days versus 9.39 days).

Conclusion: The study provides evidence of the impact of COVID-19 on the incidence of device-associated infections in critically ill patients, antibiotics consumption, and antimicrobial resistance.