bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retrofitting of a Double Unit Tunnel Form Building Using Additional RC Wall, Steel Angle and CFRP
Authors: Hamid Nor Hayati , Anuar S.H. , Azmi N.L.
Published: October 2014

Tunnel form construction is widely known as modern construction method that enables the construction of horizontal and vertical elements simultaneously. It is quickly construct low cost, high quality and earthquake safe to construct cellular buildings. Main objective of this study is to determine the seismic retrofitting performance of a double unit tunnel form building when retrofitted using additional RC wall, steel angle and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) when tested under in-plane lateral cyclic loading. A comparison of tunnel form building was made before and after retrofitting in terms of lateral strength, stiffness, ductility and equivalent viscous damping. Result indicates that retrofitting method using additional RC wall, steel angle and CFRP was able to increase the lateral strength, ductility and equivalent viscous damping under in-plane lateral cyclic loading. The result also shows the effectiveness of additional RC wall, steel angle and CFRP in improving the shear resistances and deformation capacities of concrete structures and delaying their stiffness degradation under earthquake loading.
Evaluation of Outlier Specific Correction Procedure for Areal Surface Texture
Authors: Ismail Mohd Fauzi , Jaafar Talib Ria , Che Mat Sharzali , Pahmi Muhammad Arif Abdul Hamid
Published: October 2014

Surface texture data measured by optical type profilometer such as confocal microscope often contains outliers which may disturb the characterization of the surface texture. This paper evaluates an outlier specific correction procedure (OSCP) for areal surface texture data which can removes the outliers without affecting normal data points. The outliers are identified based on the median of its relative height to neighbouring data points within the detection window. The application of OSCP to areal topography data measured by confocal laser scanning microscope is compared to Gaussian filter and median filter. The result shows that, OSPC is better in outlier correction without affecting normal data points but there is a room of improvement.
The Analysis of Intake Manifold Air Stream Velocity on Different Material Roughness
Authors: Pahmi Muhammad Arif Abdul Hamid , Che Mat Sharzali , Nasruddin Ahmad Nazri , Ismail Mohd Fauzi , Yusof Mohd Najib
Published: October 2014

Intake manifold is a crucial part in an engine that acts as a medium for air flow to mix with the fuel before entering the combustion chamber. For years, cast iron and aluminium were the primary materials chosen for fabrication of an intake manifold before plastic based material was introduced to the field. However, there is lack of research involving the usage of plastic as the intake manifold material. In this paper, the effects of internal surface roughness variations (Cast iron, aluminium and plastic) inside the intake manifold were studied. Three dimensional, intake manifold model was developed to simulate the airflow. The study emphasized on the airflow velocity inside the intake manifold. The study showed that the surface roughness influenced the air flow velocity near the intake manifold outlet. The plastic based intake manifold exhibited the highest air stream velocity (near the intake manifold outlet) at 477.770 m/s. This value is 0.60% and 0.40% higher than those produced by the cast iron and aluminium intake manifold, respectively.
Thermal Performance of a Cylindrical Heat Pipe for Different Heat Inputs and Inclination Angles
Authors: Idrus Fairosidi , Mohamad Nazri , Zailani Ramlan , Wisnoe Wirachman , Abdullah Mohd Zulkifly
Published: October 2014

An experimental study on thermal performance of a copper heat pipe operated with sintered powder wick has been performed. A miniature cylindrical heat pipe with small outer diameter, Ø10 mm and 300 mm in length, has been chosen in the study. An attempt is also made to design, fabricate and assemble a heat pipe test rig to be used for the experiment. The performance of the heat pipe is investigated at various heat inputs and inclination angles (orientations). The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the thermal performance of the heat pipe based on temperature differential between the evaporator and condenser sections, thermal resistance and thermal conductivity. The results show that the orientation and heat input have significant effects on the thermal performance of the cylindrical heat pipe. The Ø10 mm heat pipe operates with good thermal performance at the heat input of 70 W - 80 W and at the inclination angle of 30° - 60°.
Analysis of Atmospheric Parameters Variation on Effeciency of Polycrystalline PV System in a Tropical Station
Authors: Sanusi Yekinni K. , Ojeniyi Adegoke , Norani Nordin
Published: October 2014

The photovoltaic (PV) system output performance is not independent as it varies over extended periods as well as it depends on the varying atmospheric conditions. In this work, the effect of ambient temperature and relative humidity on the efficiency performance of the polycrystalline PV system was investigated and analyzed in a tropical region. This was done by using a measurement system consists of sensors for measuring both electrical of the system and the atmospheric parameters concurrently at interval of time for a period of a year at the back of Pure and Applied Physics Department, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, Nigeria. From the measurements obtained, it was deduced that the performance efficiency of the system varied with the variation in the magnitude of the atmospheric parameters. The maximum daily value of efficiency obtained was 55% between the ambient temperature and relative humidity of 33oC to 34oC and 50% to 55% respectively. This can serve as a baseline to the PV designers and users for adequate installation of the system in the study area and other areas that have similar solar characteristics.Key words: Photovoltaic, polycrystalline, solar cell, semiconductor, efficiency.Corresponding Author:
Dynamic Modeling of Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) System Using Matlab
Authors: Karimpour Elnaz , Yahya Azli , Wahyudi Sophan , Trias Andromeda , Rahim Muhammad Arif Abdul
Published: October 2014

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a nonconventional milling in which holes or shape can be created without any contact between electrode and work piece during the material removal process. Throughout the machining process a series of stochastic sparks are produced when the gap between electrode and work piece is very narrow just about 10 to 50 microns. Controlling this gap in micro dimension not only depends on electrode position but also on work piece surface. So a combination of PID controller and EDM process is used to monitor the gap. In this study an indirect measurement of surface position is carried out by implementing voltage average gap model. And Simulink models have been done to simulate the dynamic behavior of EDM system.
Friction and Wear Characteristics of Cu-Based P/M Brake Friction Materials with Addition of Fe and C
Authors: Jaafar Talib Ria , Selamat Mohd Asri , Rusila Z.J. , Ismail M.F.
Published: October 2014

Cu-based powder metallurgy friction materials were prepared by varying of Fe and C (% weight) in the friction components. The samples were compacted under the load of 24 metric tonnes and sintered at a temperature of 950 °C for 45 minutes. The friction and wear characteristics the materials developed were studied using Chase machine. The results show that Fe and C have different friction and wear characteristics. The friction coefficient of Cu-30%Fe-15%C sample maintained to be high and slightly increased after the drum temperature of 350°C and subsequently stable throughout tests. The friction of Cu-20%Fe-10%C stable until the drum temperature of 450°C and then its start to decay slightly until the end of the test. On the hand, the friction of Cu-10%Fe-5%C start to decay after sliding a few minutes at the drum temperature of 230°C. Thus, it could be postulated that the friction coefficient increased with increasing weight percentage of Fe and C in the friction components. However, the volume loss shows that there is no direct correlation with the Fe and C content. The volume loss of Cu-10%Fe-5%C was higher than the two samples which had the lowest hardness. On the hand, the volume loss of the Cu-30%Fe-15%C was slightly higher than Cu20%Fe-10%C as result of higher porosity and lower hardness. Wear mechanisms of abrasion, adhesion and thermal were observed to be operated during sliding process.
Effect of Dopant Concentration of N, Fe Co-Doped TiO2 on Photodegradation of Methylene Blue under Ordinary Visible Light
Authors: Sikirman Arman , Krishnan Jagannathan , Mohamad Elvana Nerissa
Published: October 2014

The effect of dopant concentration on N, Fe co-doped TiO2 for photodegradation of methylene blue under ordinary visible light was investigated. The photocatalyst samples were prepared using solgel method with titanium tetraisopropoxide as precursor of titania. The dopant concentrations were varied from 0.50% and 1.0% and the calcinations temperature was fixed at 600oC. The prepared photocatalysts were characterized using XRD and FTIR to determine their physical properties. The results from XRD proved that photocatalyst with dopant concentration of 1.0% N, 1.0% Fe-TiO2 showing highly desirable properties in phase and crystal size. The results from FTIR revealed the presence of both the dopants in the samples. The effectivity of photocatalysts was tested by performing a standard batch photocatalytic degradation experiment with methylene blue as a model pollutant under ordinary visible light. The result showed that photocatalyst with high dopant concentration for both nitrogen and ferrum dopant (1.0 % N, 1.0% Fe-TiO2) yielded a maximum of 80.50% methylene blue degraded within five hours of irradiation time.
Numerical and Laboratory Approach to the Prediction of Flood Stage in Lowland Tidal River
Authors: Mohamad Irma Noorazurah , Lee Wei Koon
Published: October 2014

The revised Malaysian Urban Stormwater Management Manual (MSMA) eludes the importance of tidal backwater analysis in the engineering of lowland river drainage. Tidal gates and flood gates can only be adequately designed if a detailed investigation of the dynamic interactions of tidal high water and storm discharge be conducted. We propose a numerical and laboratory investigation of the lower Klang River in order to better understand the independent and joint effects of these factors to river flood stage.
Research on Formation, Influence and Regulation of Eco-Environmental Frangibility of Recreation Area of Urban Islets in River
Authors: Huang Chi Qin , Peng Hui Jun
Published: October 2014

The islets in river are the most important recreation areas in city. The special geological conditions and geographical location determine the frangibility of the eco-environment. The inappropriate or excessive recreation development will cause the degradation even deterioration of the eco-environment system of urban islet in river. According to the characteristics of the eco-environmental frangibility of urban islet in river, the paper constructs a model of “formation-influence-regulation" and applies it to the Dongzhou Islet in Xiangjiang River.
Architecture Study on the Whole Lifecycle Management of Construction Contract in the Large Construction Projects
Authors: Liu Hua , Sun Wen Jun
Published: October 2014

This paper introduces the concept of the contract whole lifecycle management into the architecture construction contract management, and puts forward the whole process dynamic management. Based on the traditional architecture construction contract management, this paper divides all the stages of construction contract lifecycle and makes the boundary of the whole process more clear. Through research the work content of the whole lifecycle management of construction contract, so as to determine the key work of construction contract management .That can make the architecture construction contract management more systematic and persistence.
A New Geometric Model for Three-Dimensional Braided Composites
Authors: Ni Chen Bing , Wei Gao Feng
Published: October 2014

According to the structural features of 3-D braided composites, the whole structure is divided into three types of sub-unit cells, these are the interior unit cell, the surface unit cell and the corner unit cell. Considering the bending of fiber bundle and the deformation of cross-section which are caused by the space fiber extrusion and twist together, the corresponding geometric analysis models for every type of sub-unit cell are established, and the engineering elastic constants of the 3-D braided composites are predicted. The results show that the calculated results well agree with the experimental results, and the effectiveness of the model is verified.
Effects of Different Vents Location on Flow Characteristics of Air Conditioning
Authors: Luo Zhi Bin
Published: October 2014

When using numerical simulation method for solving fluid flow and heat transfer problems, need to follow the basic equations. Each control equations generally use common form of expression, build a wall collision effects on indoor thermal environment situation jet and jet corner collision of two jets in the form of physical models under its numerical simulation were studied in the form of three jets collide.
Finite Element Analysis on Hybrid City Bus Frame Based on ANSYS-Workbench14
Authors: Wan Ming Lei , Dai Zuo Qiang , Zhang Hong Xin
Published: October 2014

Abstract. For analyzing the frame whether meets actual driving needs, LCK6105PHENV-type hybrid (electric and gas) city bus frame as research object, using Solidworks12 and ANSYS-Workbench14 on frame, respectively, for the three-dimensional modeling and finite element analysis. Static analysis obtains frame’s stress and deformation results under the condition of bending and reversing (wheels dangling), modal analysis gets frame’s front 6 order vibration type, inherent frequency and the maximum deformation. Analyzing results shows that the frame basically can meet the design requirements, and in line with the actual needs of living and production. This research will provide references for optimization and improvement of new-energy Auto frame.
Design of the Millimeter-Wave Receiver
Authors: Zhao Shuang , Chen Dian Ren
Published: October 2014

The millimeter-wave transceiver front-end as a subsystem of high-frequency component is an important part of the radar, navigation, electronic warfare and communication systems. The millimeter receiver front-end developed herein, using the second harmonic mixer, reduces the frequency of the local oscillator. Using the bottom surface outlet ladder microstrip - waveguide structure, it strengthens the structure. Test results show that the developed front-end receiver has gain of 25dB and the transmit band is 35.5-36GHz.
Design of the Millimeter-Wave Microstrip Array Antenna
Authors: Zhao Shuang , Chen Dian Ren
Published: October 2014

In this paper, a linearly polarized microstrip patch array antenna is analyzed based on the theory of cavity mode. Using the weighted parallel fed method, a 64 element linear polarization microstrip array antenna with a 35.5GHz center frequency is designed. Then we use the simulation software optimize the simulation model of the antenna. The simulation result shows that this antenna has a gain of 22dB, and low sidelobes.
Research on the Angle Measurement Algorithm for Low-Speed Target of Radar
Authors: Zhao Shuang , Chen Lei
Published: October 2014

In this paper, to solve the problem of measuring angle for broadband single-pulse radar, we proposed the method comparing the magnitude combined with comparing phase to measuring angle which has a more accuracy measurement. It improves the resolution of the radar angle. We analyzed the theoretical effectiveness from the perspective of function. For the amplitude and phase information which used in target angle measurement, we use two-dimensional FFT algorithm to extract them. Simulation results show that this method can accurately measure the angle of radar target.
Applied-Information Technology in Short-Term Wind Speed Forecast Model for Wind Farms Based on Ant Colony Optimization and BP Neural Network
Authors: Zhao Qi Di , Yu Yang , Jia Meng Meng
Published: October 2014

To improve the short-term wind speed forecasting accuracy of wind farms, a prediction model based on back propagation (BP) neural network combining ant colony algorithm is built to predict short-term wind speed. The input variables of BP neural network predictive model are historical wind speeds, temperature, and air pressure. Ant colony algorithm is used to optimize the weights and bias of BP neural networks. Using the ant colony optimization BP neural network model to predict the future 1h wind speed, the simulation results show that the proposed method offers the advantages of high precision and fast convergence in contrast with BP neural network.
Study on Content Distribute Mechanism of Cloud Storage
Authors: Wang Chun Ping
Published: October 2014

In this paper, the charging mechanism and content distribution mechanisms of cloud storage for analysis, given reasonable network topology and cost models. Suggestions for improvement heuristic cloud storage static content distribution genetic algorithm is put forward. Full account of the current network bandwidth, edge cloud storage node performance and historical visit value, since the convergence of the proposed probabilistic matching content distribution cloud storage load balancing technology, effectively balancing the load, while reducing the edge server response time.
Applied Technology with an Improved EGO Algorithm for Incremental Kriging
Authors: Li Yao Hui , Wu Yi Zhong , Huang Zheng Dong , Wang Shu Ting
Published: October 2014

Efficient Global Optimization (EGO) method with Kriging model is rapid, stable and effective for a complex black-box function. However, How to get a more global optimal point on the basis of saving some computation has been concerned in simulation-based design optimization. In order to better solve a black-box unconstrained optimization problem, this paper introduces a new EGO method called improved generalized EGO (IGEGO). In this algorithm, generalized expected improvement (GEI: a new infill sampling criterion) which round off Euclidean norm of θ to replace parameter g may better balance global and local search in IGEGO method. Several numerical tests are given to illustrate the applicability, effectiveness and reliability of the proposed methods.
Study on Mg-Y-Mishmetal-Zr Alloy Melt Reaction
Authors: Ma Ming Long , Zhang Kui , Yuang Jia Wei , Feng Xue
Published: October 2014

With the means of thermodynamic calculation and alloy smelting, the reaction of Mg-Y-Mishmetal-Zr melt in the process of smelting is studied and the relevant thermodynamic data are obtained. The results show that when rare earth (RE) reacts with MgO to seize the oxygen, Y has the strongest capacity while La has the weakest capacity, and Y is most likely to be burned due to preventing melt oxidation. In the reaction of between RE and covering flux, relative to other elements, Ce is less likely to be burned while Y and La are more likely to be burned. The actual smelting result is consistent with the calculation.
Synthesis and Properties Study of 1-[2-Methyl-5-(3-Trifluoromethyl)-3-Thienyl]-2-[2-Methyl-5-(9-Phenanthrene)-3-Thienyl]Perfluorocyclopentene
Authors: Liu Jing Jing , Jia Hong Jing , Pu Shou Zhi
Published: October 2014

An asymmetrical photochromic diarylethene 1-[2-methyl-5-(3-trifluoromethyl)-3-thienyl]-2-[2-methyl-5-(9-phenanthren-e)-3-thienyl] perfluorocyclopente-ne was synthesized and its photochemical properties were investigated in detail. The results demonstrated that the compound has excellent photochromic properties and good fluoresence. The cyclization/cycloreversion process of the compound was determined to be the zeroth/first order reaction.
Research on the Surface Topography Model of Galvanized Steels in Sheet Metal Forming
Authors: Wang Lei Gang , Xu Ya Ting , Zhou Jian Fen , Huang Yao
Published: October 2014

Due to the induced effect of plastic deformation and markedly influence of contact friction, the surface topography of galvanized steels has changed along with time and space during the sheet metal forming. WykoNT1100 non-contact optical profilometer was used to measure the surface topographies of different deformation zones in Erichsen cupping test. And the surface topography models of different deformation zones were established based on the statistical method. The results indicated that the surface topography was roughened with the increase of deformation and the degrees of roughening in different deformation zones were different. The function curve of micro-peak height in punch fillet zone which had serious deformation was relatively flat. It indicated that the data distributions were scattered, the roughness values were large and the zinc coating was severely exfoliated. However, the function curve in vertex zone was lanky with centralized data, small roughness values and intact zinc coating. Moreover, the surface topography was also affected by the contact friction.
Sintering of Frustum Shaped Polycrystalline Diamond Compact at Non-Hydrostatic Pressure
Authors: Zou Jian Lai , Kou Zi Li , Xu Chao , Wang Pei , Yin Shuai , Li Yong
Published: October 2014

This work present the study of the sintering of polycrystalline diamond compact with hyperbolic truncated cone profile using hexagonal boron nitride assembly, rather than salt mold, which is different from conventional assembly and this kind of polycrystalline diamond compact is widely used in percussion rock bits and roller cone rock bits. The well-sintered polycrystalline diamond compact without transition layer is prepared on a WC-10wt% Co substrate at temperature 1450°C for 3 min at non-hydrostatic high pressure of 5.5Gpa.Different analyzing techniques, such as X- ray diffraction, micro-Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy were applied to characterize the micro-structure, residual stress and sintering behavior. The SEM analysis indicates that diamond-diamond (D-D) direct bonding had formed in the polycrystalline diamond layer. The Raman spectroscopy shows compressive stress in the polycrystalline diamond layer is much higher than that sintered using traditional assembly.
Theoretical Study of the Electronic Structures of Na-Doped ZnO
Authors: Wan Qi Xin , Shao Bi Lin , Xiong Zhi Hua , Li Dong Mei , Liu Guo Dong
Published: October 2014

The first-principles with pseudopotentials method based on the density functional theory was applied to calculate the formation energy of impurities and the electronic structure of ZnO doped with Na. In Na-doped ZnO, NaOis the most unstable than the other cases. Simultaneously, NaZnis more stable than Naiaccording to that NaZnhave smaller formation energy. Furthermore, the electronic structure of Na-doped ZnO indicates that that NaZnbehaves as an acceptor, while Naibehaves as a donor.
Analysis on the Anodizing Process of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy in an Environmental Friendly Alkaline Electrolyte
Authors: Xiong Zhong Ping , Si Yu Jun , Li Min Jiao
Published: October 2014

AZ31 magnesium alloy was anodized in an environmental friendly electrolyte containing 50 g/l NaOH + 40 g/l Na2B4O7·10H2O + 60 g/l Na2SiO3·9H2O. The voltage transient was recorded in anodizing process. The surface morphology of anodizing film was examined by SEM. The corrosion resistance of the anodizing film was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The results show that the anodizing process can be divided to four stages according to the voltage transient. The anodizing film obtained at a current density of 20 mA·cm-2 for 15 minutes has the optimum corrosion resistance.
Research on Strength Properties of Concrete Using Aggregates from Repeatedly Recycling Concrete Waste
Authors: Zhu Ping Hua , Lei Yi
Published: October 2014

The strength properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) using aggregates from repeatedly recycling concrete waste were studied. The relationships between cube compressive strength and splitting tensile strength and between each strength and replacement ratio of recycled aggregate to natural aggregate were established. The results showed that the strength properties of RAC with the design strength of 30MPa can be satisfied when the quality of recycled coarse and fine aggregates met respectively the needs of Grade II in GB/T25177-2010 and Grade III in GB/T25176-2010, with the replacement ratio to natural coarse aggregate and natural fine aggregate no more than 70% and 50%. Both strengths decreased and then increased for a while before descending again with increasing replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate, and decreased continuously with the increase of replacement ratio of recycled fine aggregate. The relationship between cube compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of RAC was found to be exponential function.
The Influence of Different Hydrophobic Agent on the Water Absorptivity of Foam Concrete
Authors: Zheng Yu , Pan Chang Sheng , Li Jian , Pan He Chi , Hu Jun Yi , Tian Yu Ze , Ouyang Xin Yu , Sun Qiu Bai
Published: October 2014

Foam concrete products had high absorption rate due to a large number of bubbles dispersion in it.which has serious effects upon the overall thermal performance of material and the durability of construction.Three methods were studied which includes Organic Silicon hydrophobic agent、High fatty acids hydrophobic agent and hydrophobic agent F in order to reduce the water absorption rate.Results show that the water absorption rate was reduced significantly with mixed High fatty acids. The water absorption rate drops of 68.2%, and the organic silicon is in a second place , and the hydrophobic agent F is the worst.
Finite Element Analysis of Lightweight Energy-Saving Composite Floor
Authors: Guo Yi Qing , Cao Ping Zhou
Published: October 2014

In order to study the performance of lightweight energy-saving composite floor, the finite element models of composite floor were established, which was based on the composite floor specimens test research. The finite element models were verified rationally and correctly in the paper, through compared with the composite floor test results. The finite element model can be used to analyze the load-bearing capacity of composite floor. Various influencing factors of composite floor with simply supported end were analyzed, such as the span of self-tapping screw, the diameter of self-tapping screw, the strength of thin panel and the elastic modulus of thin panel, etc. The results show that the load-bearing capacity of composite floor increases with the increase of the number of self-tapping screw, the diameter of self-tapping screw, the strength of thin panel and the elastic modulus of thin panel, etc. The load-bearing capacity calculate formula of composite floor was proposed.
The Mechanical Properties of Different Soil Moisture Content of Silt Study Based on the Experimental
Authors: Zhang Xun Zhong , Wang Ru Heng , Jia Bin
Published: October 2014

Constitutive relation of soil is the core issue to study on soil’s mechanics characteristics. The stress-strain curve to silt belongs to intenerate type under low confining pressure and low moisture content, then silt features brittle failure; but it belongs to sclerotic type under high confining pressure and high moisture content, then silt features plastic failure. The conclusion of the article had some value for engineering’s design and calculation.
Colloidal Dispersion of High Solid Loading ZnO Powders with 2 wt% Al2O3 Stabilized with Polyelectrolyte
Authors: Wang Hai Lin , Sun Yi Hua , Lv Xin , Fang Liang , Feng Ping , Sun Xiao Hua , Huang Cai Hua , Yu Hai Zhou
Published: October 2014

The high solid loading slurries with ZnO-Al2O3powders stabilized with polyelectrolytes have been studied. The influence of Sodium poly(acrylate) (PA 30) on the fluidity and stablility of the slurries was investigated. Morphological features of ZnO-Al2O3powders in suspension and fracture surface of green compact were observed using TEM and SEM. The slurries with pH 9 were prepared after milled using ZnO mixed powders and the PA 30 solution of pH 8. As 0.2 wt% PA 30 added, the lowest viscosity and the highest sediment were obtained. ZnO and Al2O3particles had been homogeneous dispersed. The maximum density (66.7 %TD) of green compact was obtained.
A Novel Hexaaluminate Material: Preparation, Characterization and Catalytic Activity in Methane Combustion
Authors: Tao Zhong Dong , Huang Kai , Wu Dong Fang
Published: October 2014

A novel hexaaluminate material Ca0.6La0.4FexMn1-xAl11O19 was prepared by a micro-emulsion method, and then washcoated on the cordierite substrates to produce monolithic catalysts. The obtained hexaaluminates were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Results show that the particles of the prepared hexaaluminates samples are well-proportioned and small, and that the lower-quantity replacement of Mn2+ with Fe3+ is of benefit to forming single hexaaluminates crystal phases. After the partial replacement of Mn2+ with Fe3+ in hexaaluminate, the catalytic activity in methane combustion improved.
Preparation of a Novel Composite Nanofiltration Membrane
Authors: Wang Wei , Qi Teng Teng , Zhang Yu Feng
Published: October 2014

PDMAEMA/PSF nanofiltration (NF) membranes were prepared through interfacial polymerization of poly [2-(N,N-dimethyl amino) ethyl methacrylate](PDMAEMA) on porous polysulfone (PSF) substrate membranes. The effects of aqueous solution’s pH and crosslinking time and on separation performances of the PDMAEMA/PSF NF membrane were investigated. The results show that the rejection and flux of the PDMAEMA/PSF NF membrane show pH-sensitive behavior in NF process. Importantly, the membrane show a different separation between inorganic salts and small organic molecules.
The Structure and Properties of Lysine Doped Polypeptide Modified Polypyrrole Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Ying , Guan Jia Li , Yu Qiao Zhen
Published: October 2014

Lysine doped polypeptide modified particles were chemically synthesized in different weight ratios of polypeptide to Py feed. The microstructures of these PPys were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Semiconductor parameter analyzer, ubbelohde viscometer and rotation viscometer were used to characterize the electrical property, viscosity and solubility of these PPys. The results show that the polypeptide has the function as the template in the Py polymerization. The lysine doped PPys form many rings with diameters of about several micrometers, with the weight ratio increase, the ring structure become more obvious and the diameters of the rings decrease to about 200 nm. The conductivity of lysine doped polypeptide modified PPys synthesized with the weight ratio of 3:1 is about 1.73 × 10-3S/cm. It is mostly soluble in acetic acid, good soluble in the mixture of acetic acid and HFIP with a volume ratio of 2:1. Moreover, the solubility in the mixture of acetic acid and HFIP is little affected by weight ratio and maintain about 93.8%, indicating its good solubility in no toxicity solvent or very low toxicity solvent.
Formation and Photo-Degradation Performance of Titania Nanotubes
Authors: Li Guang Bi , Song Chun Zheng , Zhang Jin Li , Tian Sheng Yan
Published: October 2014

TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) was prepared by hydrothermal method using commercial P25 power as a precursor in alkali solution and was characterized by TEM, XRD and BET. The photocatalytic activity of TNTs was evaluated by degradation of methylene blue (MB). The as-prepared TNTs hydrothermal treated at 150 °C displayed higher photodegradation activity. These results provide further insight into the effect of hydrothermal temperature, and TNTs are expected to be promising for applications in photocatalysis.
Dynamic Performance at Inner Tip of an Interfacial Crack near a Circular Cavity in Piezoelectric Bi-Materials
Authors: Song Tian Shu , Hassan Ahmed
Published: October 2014

In transversely isotropic piezoelectric bi-materials, a theoretical analysis is followed to calculate the dynamic stress intensity factors (DSIFs) due to existence of a permeable interfacial crack, near the edge of a circular cavity. The model is subjected to dynamic incident anti-plane shearing (SH-wave) and Green's function method is the base of formulation. Conjunction and crack-simulation techniques are applied to obtain DSIFs at the crack’s inner tip. Calculations are prepared based on FORTRAN language program. For calibration of program, a comparison is accomplished between the present model and another with a crack emerging from the cavity edge. Calculating results clarified the influences of the physical parameters, the structural geometry and the wave frequencies on the dimensionless DSIFs and how those affected the efficiency of piezoelectric devices and materials.
P-Toluene Sulfonic Acid Doped Polyaniline/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites by a Sequential Doping-Dedoping-Redoping Process
Authors: Zhou Yi , Li Wen Yi , Wang Xiao Ping , Li Hui , Tian Qing Wu , Tian Ming , Wang Xia
Published: October 2014

HCl doped Polyaniline (PANI)/multi–walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were first prepared by in–situ chemical polymerization of aniline monomers in the presence of MWCNTs with less structural defects, and then p–toluene sulfonic acid (TSA) doped PANI/MWCNT nanocomposites were obtained by a sequential doping–dedoping–redoping process. The morphology, microstructure, and thermal and electrochemical properties of the resulting nanocomposites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, fournier infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, and cyclic voltammetry, respectively. The effects of TSA as the secondary dopant on the microstructure and electrochemical properties were discussed. The results indicated that a significant improvement in the thermal stability could be achieved, while good electrochemical behavior could be remained.
Effect of Nano-Calcium Carbonate on the Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene
Authors: Sun Chun Feng , Gao Ming
Published: October 2014

The task of the polymer physics experiment course is using a certain percentage of nanocalcium carbonate (CaCO3) to composite polypropylene (PP) and using a twin-screw injection molding machine to inject the compound above into a standard sample. After that some mechanical properties test were made to get some nanocalcium carbonate data which may affect the mechanical properties of polypropylene.
Synthesis and Characterization of Photocurable Biodegradable Elastomers
Authors: Guo Fang Yuan , Shen Xia , Pei Xiao Hong , Yang Gen Sheng
Published: October 2014

The aim of this study was to synthesize a serious of biodegradable elastomers by photocurable reaction as a potential biomaterial for the delivery of protein drugs. The macromonomers was prepared via ring opening reaction at 140°C later methacrylic acylated at 50°C. The optimal conditions were investigated and the property of the two macromonomer precursors were characterized via GPC and 1H-NMR. The cross-link degree of the elastomers can be adjusted by changing the concentration of photoinitiator (DMPA), furthermore influence the elastomers’ degradation rate. it could provide more appropriate choice for the elastomers in application.
Effect of Sodium Benzoate on the Crystallization Behavior of Poly (3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-4-Hydroxybutyrate)
Authors: Wang Xiao Ping , Li Wen Feng , Zhang Hao , Jia De Ming
Published: October 2014

Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P34HB), as the latest generation of biosynthesis and biodegradable Poly (β-hydroxyalkanoate) material, its mechanical performance is greatly improved while its application in industry is confined for the inadequate crystallization properties. The effect of sodium benzoate on P34HB’s crystallization behaviors and nucleation mechanism were investigated through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). WAXD analysis indicated that the adding of sodium benzoate did not chang the crystalline morphology of P34HB. The analysis of the kinetic parameters including the activation energy (ΔEc) of the non-isothermal melt-crystallization were carried out, which demonstrated that both of the Mo crystallization rate parameter and the Kissinger activation energy value are found to be sharply dropped with the addition of sodium benzoate. Compared to pure P34HB, F(T) on 80 % crystallinity of P34HB with 0.25 phr sodium benzoate fell from 38.79 to 17.89, and ΔEc decreased from-63.1 KJ·mol-1 to-108.8 KJ·mol-1, which indicated that the application of sodium benzoate can obviously improve the crystallization rate of P34HB.
Preparation Eco-Cement with Semi Dry FGD Ash from Steel Plant
Authors: Liu Ren Ping , Yao Rui
Published: October 2014

Some semi-dry Flue Gas Desulfurization ash (SDFGDA) were taken from sinter gas of steel factory and been oxidized at experimental condition. Oxidized ash, granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) and steel slag were grinded and used to prepare cementing materials. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to identify the samples in order to investigate their hydration structure. The result shows that cementing materials have good hydration properties and mechanical properties, the initial and final setting time are qualified. It is recommended to control the Blaine fineness, mount of SDFGDA, ratio of GBFS/steel slag, mount of clinker to be 4500cm2/g, 19%, 1:4, 20%, respectively, when prepare eco-cement with those materials.
Fabrication of Non-Load Bearing Cotton Stalks Bales and Pressure-Resistant Property Test
Authors: Jin Qiang , Feng Yong , He Jin Chun , Luo Li Quan
Published: October 2014

In this study, cotton stalks were used to make cotton stalks bales. Based on the characteristics of cotton stalks, different fabrication techniques were employed to make cotton stalks bales in an attempt to find the best manufacture method. Tests were also performed on the pressure-resistant properties of the stalks bales. The following conclusions were drawn: With stalks orderly placed, cotton stalks bales made by the method of density control had a constant density and relatively stable pressure-resistant properties. When vertically placed, the stalks bales showed better pressure-resistant properties and the least deformation. The pressure-resistant property of the stalks bales could meet the requirement of non-load bearing walls when placed horizontally, but when placed laterally, it could not.
Investigation on Treatment of Phosphate-Containing Waste Water by Pyro-Modified Fly Ash
Authors: Zhou Jian Mei
Published: October 2014

Calcium oxide, as a modified material, is used in pyro-modification of fly ash and the modified fly ash is used to treat phosphorus-containing wastewater, and treatment effect of modified fly ash on phosphorus-containing wastewater in different modification conditions is studied . Results show that good effect is obtained when the mass ratio of fly ash and calcium oxide ratio is 1:1, the roasting temperature is 950 °C, roasting time is 4h, and phosphorus removal rate can up to 92%. SEM pictures of raw fly ash and modified fly ash showed that modified fly ash particles become rough and porous, with a larger surface area, so it has good adsorption properties. Key words: Fly ash; Pyro-modification; Phosphorus-containing wastewater; Adsorption
Water Pollutant Control for a River-Lake Region to the Northwest of Lake Taihu
Authors: Wang Hua , Ji Feng Qiang , Zhou Yi Yi , Xia Kun
Published: October 2014

In this paper, Zhushan Bay watershed to the northwest of Lake Taihu was selected as the research area. Taking the developed river-lake connectivity and frequent exchange of pollutants into consideration, we put forward a calculation method of water environment carrying capacity (WECC) for river network based on multiple objectives of water quality reaching standard in river environment function zones and control sections, concentration profile constraint of sewage outlet. According to the proposed method, we calculated the watershed WECC, assigned to each control unit, and quantitatively analyzed the reductions and reduction rate of pollutants under the condition of total amount of each pollutant of control unit reach water quality standards. The results showed that: The pollution loads of each pollutant in Zhushan Bay watershed were greater than WECC. The reduction of COD, NH3-N, TN and TP is 834.4 tons, 226.1 tons, 724.8 tons and 108.9 tons, and the reduction rate of COD, NH3-N, TN and TP is 13.8%, 36.5%, 55.2% and 73.4%, respectively. This paper plays a guiding role in the research of total amount control of river network in Zhushan Bay watershed, and provides important references for total amount control of similar river-lake region.
Impact of Nutrients and Temperature on Algal Growth and Relative Abundance of Xixi Wetland, China
Authors: Ni Wan Min
Published: October 2014

This paper focused on eutrophication and algal succession problems of freshwater ecosystems. Water samples of the Xixi Wetland were sampled in the late autumn and early winter of 2013, and then analyzed for nitrogen and phosphorus species and chlorophyll-a indicators. Artificial climate chamber was used to simulate the nitrogen input and global warming scenario, to study the effect of nutrients (ammonia and nitrate) addition and temperature on the algal growth. The results show that the water quality of the wetland is good with TP, ammonia, and TN during the study period. Interaction impact of nutrients addition and temperature increase the relative abundance of cyanobacteria significantly (p<0.01), the total biomass was found to be more sensitive to ammonia addition. Therefore, it is especially important to pay more attention on this wetland during the algal bloom sensitive period of increasing temperature in early summer.
Study on Treatment of Landfill Leachate Using an Integrated KMnO4 Oxidation and Diatomite Adsorption Method
Authors: Chen Juan
Published: October 2014

This study focused on the performances of an integrated KMnO4oxidation and diatomite adsorption method in the treatment of fresh landfill leachate. The optimal conditions and influential parameters for oxidation and adsorption were determined. The results showed that under optimum oxidation conditions for KMnO4, the removal rates of CODCrand ammonia nitrogen reached 46% and 32% respectively. And the removal rates of CODCrand ammonia nitrogen contained in leachate increased up to 98% and 90% after absorbed by diatomite.
Improvement Measures of ORP in Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration System
Authors: Ma Ji Fu , Li Hai Bo , Wang Xin , Yu Yan Yan , Lv Xue Dong
Published: October 2014

Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) is one of the most important factors that not only influences the operation of subsurface wastewater infiltration system (SWIS), but also has a crucially effect on treatment efficiency and the environment of microbial. Therefore, this paper briefly analyzes the effects of ORP measures which are commonly used to improve ORP, such as flooding and drying alternate, constituting matrix, diffluent ratio, oxygen recovery by inflow pipes and roots of plants and soil animal activity , are summarized. Example analysis shows that all measures mentioned are practicable. With the deepening study of the technology, more attention will be paid on combining a series of different methods and applying new matrix materials for developing SWIS theory and research. The operation mode will be more flexible.
Effect of Cyclodextrins on Photodegradation of 4,4-Bis(4-Hydroxyphenyl)Pentanoic Acid under UV Irradiation
Authors: Guo Li , Huang Jin , Wu Jun , Luo Lei Lei
Published: October 2014

The photodegradation of 4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentanoic acid (DPA) with two cyclodextrins (α-CD and β-CD ) in aqueous solutions induced by UV-light was studied in this paper by means of fluorescence spectra and high efficiency liquid chromatography. The result suggested that DPA with α-CD or β-CD formed inclusion compound in aqueous solutions. The photodegradation of DPA with two cyclodextrins or without cyclodextrin was pseudo-first order reaction. The photodegradation of DPA was accelerated by the addition of β-CD in aqueous solutions, but the that of DPA was inhibited in case of adding α-CD. These differences were due to the differences in inclusion interaction of DPA with α-CD or β-CD.
Inhibitory Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Leaves of Common Tropical Green Plants on Nitrification in Soils
Authors: Zhao Mu Qiu , Shi Yun Feng , Li Ming
Published: October 2014

An incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of 32 common tropical green plant species from 24 families on nitrification. The results indicated that the nitrification inhibitory effects of Calliandra haematocephala belonging to Mimosaceae, Dracaena cambodiana belonging to Liliaceae, Duranta repens belonging to Verbenaceae, Alstonia scholaris belonging to Apocynacea, Terminalia mantaly belonging to Combretaceae and Polyalthia longifolia belonging to Annonaceae were better than DCD, which had more obvious potential applications than other plants inhibited nitrification. The inhibitory effects of active substances in plants were affected by extract temperature causing by solubility and thermal stability of active substances. Duranta repens had the most potential for development in this study as a fertilizer additive. The inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of Duranta repens leaves on nitrification increased with increasing concentration of aqueous extracts, the strongest inhibitory effect on nitrification occurred after 14 d of incubation.
QSTR Study for the Carcinogenicity of Alkylbenzenes
Authors: Zhou Zhi Xiang , Liu Yang Hua
Published: October 2014

Carcinogenicity is an important toxicological endpoint which poses a great concern being the major determinants of health problem, a quantitative structure toxicity relationship (QSTR) study was performed for the prediction of the carcinogenicity of alkylbenzenes. The molecular descriptors of alkylbenzenes have been calculated with semi-empirical AM1 and E-dragon methods, and QSTR model for mice carcinogenic model of alkylbenzenes were developed using multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis.
 Photodegradation of Bis(4-Hydroxyphenyl) Methane Based on the Inclusion of Two Cyclodextrins under Ultraviolet Irradiation
Authors: Yu Ji Ping , Guo Li , Yang An Yun , Li Jian Xiang
Published: October 2014

Photodegradation of bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane (BPE) was investigated under ultraviolet light (λ=254nm) based on the inclusion of two kinds cyclodextrin (α-CD, β-CD) in aqueous solution. The inclusion interaction of α-and β-cyclodextrin with BPE was characterized by fluorescence spectrophotometer. The addition of cyclodextrin could promote photodegradation efficiency of BPE, which the β-CD promoted the most. The kinetics of BPE photodegradation with different initial concentrations was investigated by first-order reaction model. Experiment results demonstrate that β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexation can accelerate BPE photodegradation in aqueous solution under ultraviolet irradiation.