bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inoculation with Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 enhances plant growth and salt tolerance of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) seedlings
Authors: Chen Pengyang , Wei Qiannan , Yao Yifei , Wei Jiaqi , Qiu Li , Zhang Baohong , Liu Huawei
Published: September 2022

Background
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important biofuel crop, making it possible to replace petroleum fuels. However, the slow-growing seedlings and soil salinization affected the growth and development of switchgrass. Beneficial microorganisms could enhance the salt tolerance of plants. Our previous study showed that Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 could colonize in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to promote its growth and development as well as regulated microRNAs (miRNAs). While the feasibility of inoculating A. caulinodans ORS571 with switchgrass to enhance the growth and salt tolerance of seedlings is unknown.
Results
In this study, we systematically studied the impact of A. caulinodans ORS571 on switchgrass growth and development as well as response to salinity stress; we also studied the undergoing mechanism during these biological processes. Inoculation with A. caulinodans ORS571 significantly alleviated the stress of salt on seedling growth. Under normal condition, A. caulinodans ORS571 significantly improved fresh weight, chlorophyll a content, protein content and peroxidase (POD) activity in switchgrass seedlings. Under salt stress, the fresh weight, dry weight, the length of shoots and roots as well as chlorophyll content were all significantly enhanced and even recovering to normal levels after inoculation with A. caulinodans ORS571. In addition, the contents of soluble sugar and protein as well as POD and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were also significantly increased, which was contrast with proline. It manifested that A. caulinodans ORS571 could enhance the salt tolerance of switchgrass seedlings by increasing the water content, photosynthetic efficiency, and scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Meanwhile, A. caulinodans ORS571 may alleviate salt stress by regulating miRNAs. Twelve miRNAs of switchgrass seedlings were all up-regulated to different degrees under salt stress. miR169, miR393, miR535 and miR844 were all decreased significantly after inoculation with A. caulinodans ORS571 under salt stress, which were in contrast with the expression level of miR399.
Conclusion
This study revealed that A. caulinodans ORS571 enhanced the salt tolerance of switchgrass seedlings by increasing biomass, photosynthetic efficiency, reactive oxygen species scavenging ability and regulating the expression of miRNAs. This provides a new and creative idea for improving the salt tolerance of switchgrass seedlings.
Enhancement of Mechanical Properties of Zn-Cu-Fe Alloy Coating on mild Steel Substrate at Different Fe Contents
Authors: Rehman M Haseeb U , Ahmad Naseeb , Abbas Muhammad , Ayoub Abbas
Published: September 2022

Zn-Cu-Fe alloys can be used for coating on mild steel substrate for the enhancement of mechanical properties of the substrate. So, it will be interesting to study what sort of effect of Fe content if the coating of an alloy Zn-Cu-Fe is deposited on mild steel. For this purpose, four samples of Zn-Cu-Fe alloy on mild steel substrate are prepared by electrodeposition. This technique is favorable because of its low cost and easy approach. The electrolytic bath contained the 0.15M ZnSO4, 0.15M CuSO4, (0.00M, 0.03M, 0.06M, 0.09M) FeSO4.7H2O and 0.25M H3BO3 as buffer during the deposition process. The value of an operating parameter such as deposition time, temperature, current density, and pH are kept at 15–20 mints, 298K, 0.02 Acm−,2 and 3 respectively. The analysis is done by studying crystallographic parameters of the ternary Zn-Cu-Fe alloy coating, surface morphology and mechanical properties are studied. Results obtained by electrodeposition with various concentrations of Fe showed that the surface become more smooth, average grain size decreased, lattice parameters and crystal size showed overall decreasing trends and the mechanical properties are enhanced. Due to these improved properties of coating substrate becomes more useful for construction, automobile fencing applications.
Mining Multi-Center Heterogeneous Medical Data with Distributed Synthetic Learning
Authors: Chang Qi , Yan Zhennan , Zhou Mu , Qu Hui , Zhang Han , Baskaran Lohendran , Al'Aref Subhi , zhang shaoting , Metaxas Dimitris
Published: September 2022

Overcoming barriers of multi-center data analysis is challenging due to privacy protection and data heterogeneity in the healthcare system. In this study, we propose Distributed Synthetic Learning (DSL) architecture to learn across multi-medical centers without leaking sensitive personal information. DSL emphasizes the building of a homogeneous data center with entirely synthetic medical images via a form of GAN-based synthetic learning.
In particular, DSL architecture is extensible with three key variances: multi-modality learning, missing modality completion learning, and continuous learning over time. We systematically evaluate the performance of DSL on different medical applications using cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA), brain tumor MRI, and histopathology nuclei datasets. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superior performance of DSL as a high-quality synthetic medical image provider for various image tasks
from an ideal synthetic image quality metric called Dist-FID. We show that our model can be adapted to heterogeneous data and remarkably outperforms the real misaligned modalities segmentation model by 55% and the temporal datasets segmentation model by 8%. The proposed DSL framework demonstrates its potential for integrating multi-center heterogeneous data to support downstream clinical decision making.
Transformer-Based Recognition of Activities of Daily Living from Wearable Sensor Data
Authors: AUGUSTINOV GABRIELA , NISAR MUHAMMAD ADEEL , LI FRÉDÉRIC , TABATABAEI AMIR , GRZEGORZEK MARCIN , SOHRABI KEYWAN , Fudickar Sebastian
Published: September 2022

Smart support systems for the recognition of Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) can help elderly people live independently for longer improving their standard of living. Many machine learning approaches have been proposed lately for Human Activity Recognition (HAR), including elaborated networks that contain convolutional, recurrent, and attentive layers. The ubiquity of wearable devices has provided an increasing amount of time-series data that can be used for such applications in an unobtrusive manner. But there are not many studies on the performance of the attention-based Transformer model in HAR, especially not for complex activities such as ADLs. This work implements and evaluates the novel self-attention Transformer model for the classification of ADLs and compares it to the already well-established approach of recurrent Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks. The proposed method is a two-level hierarchical model, in which atomic activities are initially recognized in the first step and their probability scores are extracted and utilized for the Transformer-based classification of seven more complex ADLs in the second step. The Transformer is used at the second step to classify seven ADLs. Our results show that the Transformer model reaches the same performance and even outperforms LSTM networks cleary in the subject-dependent configuration (73.36 % and 69.09 %), while relying only on attention-mechanism to depict global dependencies between input and output without the need to use any recurrence. The proposed model was tested using two different segment lengths, indicating its effectiveness in learning long-range dependencies of shorter actions in complex activities.
Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy: just an option or the new gold standard for elderly patients?
Authors: Peri Andrea , Palmieri Francesco , Viganò Jacopo , Fugazzola Paola , De Stefano Francesca , Filardo Matteo , Vanoli Alessandro , Gallo Virginia , Ansaloni Luca , Pietrabissa Andrea , Frassini Simone , Sargenti Benedetta
Published: September 2022

Purpose The application of laparoscopy in elderly patients with gastric cancer is controversial, especially in the Western population. The study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a laparoscopic approach and compare short-term outcomes with results obtained using traditional open surgery.Methods Data concerning elderly patients (≥70 years), who underwent distal gastrectomy at our institution from January 2017 to August 2020, were retrospectively analyzed. We divided the population into two cohorts according to the surgical technique (laparoscopic or open surgery) and compared the short-term outcomes.Results Demographics, pathological characteristics, and surgical outcomes were comparable in both cohorts, except for the length of hospital stay (LOS). The number of harvested lymph nodes and complete resection (R0) rate were similar, leading to comparable oncological outcomes. Conclusion Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy is effective and safe in elderly patients with similar short-term outcomes compared to open distal gastrectomy. The main advantage of the laparoscopic technique is a shorter length of hospital stay.
Efficacy and safety of a triple combination of glucocorticoids, tofacitinib and calcineurin inhibitors in anti-MDA5 positive dermatomyositis
Authors: Liu Lijun , Zhang Yinli , Wang Cong , Guan Wenjuan , Zhang Xin , He Yujie , Zhang Lei , Liu Xiaojun , Wang Limei , Liu Shengyun , Li Tianfang
Published: September 2022

Objectives. To explore the risk factors of early death in dermatomyositis patients positive with anti-melanoma differentiation-related gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibody (anti-MDA5-DM). To determine the optimal initial treatment regimen for patients with anti-MDA5-DM.Methods. Patients with newly onset anti-MDA5-DM from June 2018 to October 2021 in our center were retrospectively reviewed for 6 months. Patients were divided into five groups based on initial treatments. The major outcome was mortality in 6 months. Secondary outcomes included changing therapy, low-dose-glucocorticoid maintenance, remission and severe infection.Results. A total of 214 patients were included in the study. Five patients (2.34%) were lost to follow-up during 6 months, 63 patients (30.14%) died, 52 patients (24.88%) experienced serious infection, 112 patients (53.59%) achieved remission, and 86 patients (41.15%) were maintained with low-dose glucocorticoids. Age over 50 years, skin ulcer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 350 U/L, C reactive protein (CRP) > 5mg/L, anti-Ro52 antibody, higher ground-glass opacity (GGO) score, and pulse glucocorticoid at baseline were independent risk factors of mortality in the first 6 months of disease courses. Conversely, arthritis and prophylactic use of compound sulfamethoxazole (SMZ Co) were independent protective factors. Patients initially treated with a triple combination of high-dose glucocorticoid (GC), tofacitinib and high-dose calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) had the lowest risk of mortality within 6 months, and were more likely to achieve remission under the maintenance of low-dose-glucocorticoids.Conclusion. A triple combination of high-dose GC, tofacitinib and high-dose CNIs is an effective and safe treatment regimen for newly onset anti-MDA5-DM.
Understanding staff competencies and training needs of Environmental Health Professionals in Uganda: an online cross-sectional survey
Authors: Walekhwa Abel Wilson , Kizza Frank Gramsen , Musoke David
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Environmental health professionals (EHPs) in Uganda refer to Environmental Health Officers, Health Inspectors and Health Assistants who are all responsible for implementing interventions to prevent disease occurrences. These EHPs either work in the public or private sector in various capacities, and their practice is regulated by the Ministry of Health under the Allied Health Professionals Council which is mandated by an Act of Parliament. We therefore assessed the professional competencies and training needs of EHPs across the country.
Methods
We conducted an online cross-sectional quantitative survey among 360 EHPs in Uganda. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire embedded in Google Forms. the questionnaire was sent to various EHPs in Uganda across various platforms particularly social mediaand the collected data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and Stata version 12.
Results
Among the respondents, 141 (40.4%) were working as Health Assistants followed by Health Inspectors 84 (24%). Premise inspection and monitoring came out as a key professional competence for many the respondents 276 (68.1%). The training needs identified in the survey were: need to improve their skills in areas of surveillance 230 (56.8%), sanitation marketing techniques (including Community Led Total Sanitation, Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation, and Children's Hygiene and Sanitation Training) and water quality testing 231(57.0%). The survey also identified crucial areas such as health education and communication, disease surveillance and school health (67%) to be lacking among the EHPs.
Conclusion
There is need for training institutions under the Ministry of Education and Sports, and professional governing agencies under the Ministry of Health to put more emphasis on skills in surveillance and sanitation marketing techniques during training and curriculum design for EHPs. In addition, refresher trainings among EHPs are needed to enhance their knowledge and skills as a form of continuous professional development.
Development of a Motion Control for a highly dynamic, self-propelled driving simulator
Authors: Ottensmeier Meike , Prokop Günther
Published: September 2022

The new concept of the self-propelled driving simulator comprises a hexapod, a yaw joint and a wheel-based motion platform with four individually steerable wheels. This concept provides a theoretically unlimited motion range, which especially enables highly dynamic drive maneuvers. To ensure an omnidirectional motion, the motion platform has to accelerate instantly in any direction. This requirement leads to the main challenges in the control system of the simulator: taking into account the nonlinear and transient tire characteristics and generating the target accelerations as expected by the driver. According to these requirements, the Motion Control is only for controlling the horizontal dynamics of the motion platform. The Motion Control presented in this paper includes various model definitions, especially regarding the essential tire characteristics considered within an extended HSRI (Highway Safety Research Institute) tire model. The Motion Control as Two-Degree-of-Freedom control contains a Feedforward for generating target body forces, a Control Allocation for an optimal force distribution to the wheels, a Single Wheel Control as a specific control of the tire forces, and a Compensation Control on acceleration level, considering the prevention of windup. Investigation of this control by simulation, using a simplified reference model, already revealed a high controller performance regarding accuracy and quality. The optimal force distribution leads to an equal adhesion utilization and the Compensation Control compensates the remaining Single Wheel Control deviations. Difficulties only occur for the steering angle in the case of low velocity up to a standstill. Due to the exact input-output linearization, the Single Wheel Control leads to a singularity and instability. Therefore, the steering angle requires exceptional control in this case.
The Hippo Pathway Effector TAZ Regulates Ferroptosis in NSCLC
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Li Jia , Guo Ruixue , Zhu Liangming
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Hippo pathway on ferroptosis in NSCLC, and to try to find new potential therapeutic methods for NSCLC.Methods: Firstly, the effect of cell density on ferroptosis in NSCLC was observed. Then, the effects of TAZ on ferroptosis in NSCLC was detected. Nextly, the expression levels of TAZ in NSCLC Tissues was observed. Finally, the effects of SnoN on ferroptosis in NSCLC was detected.Results: Cell density affects ferroptosis sensitivity in NSCLC cell lines. Erastin induced density-dependent ferroptosis in NSCLC cells is closely related to TAZ expression. Moreover, TAZ is highly expressed in NSCLC tissues. Mechanistically, cell density regulates ferroptosis sensitivity in NSCLC by affecting SnoN expression and and then regulating TAZ expression.Conclusion: Collectively, cell density regulates ferroptosis in NSCLC by influencing SnoN and then regulating the Hippo pathway regulator TAZ, which hints the therapeutic potential of ferroptosis for NSCLC and other TAZ-activated tumors.
Effectiveness of Computed Tomography-Guided Nasotracheal Intubation Procedure on Predicting Tube Advancement Difficulty and Preventing Epistaxis: A Prospective Case-control Study
Authors: YAŞLI Seher ORBAY , CANPOLAT Dilek GÜNAY , BAYDAN Ebru , DEMİRBAŞ Ahmet Emin
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of Computed tomography-guided nasotracheal intubation in predicting tube advancement difficulty and preventing epistaxis.Material and Methods: Sixty maxillofacial surgery patients were included in the study. The space where the tube will be passed in the internal nasal valve region was measured horizontally and vertically by Computed Tomography. The same experienced anesthesiologist intubated all patients. The patients were divided into two groups, 'easy' (n=28) or 'difficult' (n=32), according to the effort required to advance the tube through the nasal passage.Results: The measured median distances were shorter in a difficult group than in the easy group (p<0.001). Epistaxis was significantly higher in the difficult group (p<0.001). Epistaxis was considerably higher in the difficult group (p<0.001).ROC analysis was performed, and cut-off values were determined to reveal the distance values at which difficulty may be experienced while advancing the tube. The cut-off values were 1.09 cm and 0.39 cm for the vertical and horizontal distances, respectively.Conclusion: It was concluded that taking into account the measurements obtained from the tomography scan was a convenient way to estimate the difficulty of advancing the tube and thus avoid nosebleeds encountered during nasal intubation.
Event Generation and Density Estimation with Surjective Normalizing Flows
Authors: Verheyen Rob
Published: September 2022

Normalizing flows are a class of generative models that enable exact
likelihood evaluation. While these models have already found various
applications in particle physics, normalizing flows are not flexible enough to
model many of the peripheral features of collision events. Using the framework
of [1], we introduce several surjective and stochastic
transform layers to a baseline normalizing flow to improve modelling of
permutation symmetry, varying dimensionality and discrete features, which are
all commonly encountered in particle physics events. We assess their efficacy in
the context of the generation of a matrix element-level process, and in the
context of anomaly detection in detector-level LHC events.
QUESTÃO AGRÁRIA E AS AÇÕES DOS GOVERNOS PETISTAS NO CAMPO EM MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Silva e Silva Luciene Maria , NARDOQUE SEDEVAL
Published: September 2022

A concentração fundiária é parte da realidade brasileira, sendo uma característica marcante na estrutura agrária no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. A chegada de um governo popular, com as promessas de redução das desigualdades e Reforma Agrária, foi o sonho acalentado por décadas pelos movimentos de luta pela terra. O presente estudo propõe uma reflexão a respeito das políticas públicas promovidas pelos governos Lula e Dilma no espaço agrário de Mato Grosso do Sul, buscando reconhecer quais segmentos sociais foram mais favorecidos, quais políticas foram priorizadas, buscando estabelecer um breve paralelo entre as pautas defendidas pelo Partido do Trabalhadores e a prática política implementada quando de sua chegada ao poder, utilizando-se, para tanto, da revisão bibliográfica como fonte de análise e argumentação.
Rhizospheric Microbial Communication
Authors: hanker Gautam Shiv S , Navneet Bentham Science Publisher , Babu Neelesh , Soni Ravindra
Published: September 2022

Rhizospheric soil is enriched with diverse microbial communities, which
give rise to sophisticated plant-microbes interactions via chemical communication. The
bacteria attain communication through quorum sensing and lead to biofilm formation,
developing connections between the cell density, and altering gene expression. Such
processes include diffusion and accumulation of signal molecules such as autoinducer
i.e. acyl-homoserine lactones, Autoinducer-2 (AI-2), QS pheromone, etc. in the
environment and trigger the expression of the gene. Due to increment in cell density,
bacteria produce the substances that inhibit the growth of pathogens, fix nitrogen and
optimize nodule formation. Moreover, the adaptability of microbial communities under
stress conditions directly/indirectly was correlated with host plant growth. The plants
and soil microorganisms equally face the abiotic stresses and may cause environmental
tolerance and adaptability via complex physiological and cellular mechanisms. The
recent knowledge of the plant-microbe relationship and their communication
mechanisms can be helpful in the development and commercialization of agricultural
practices to improve desired crop health and productivity under various abiotic and
biotic stresses. This chapter explores such habiting microbial communications in
rhizosphere attributing to soil environment in various means.
Nutrient Cycling: An Approach for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Yousuf Sufiara , Naqash Nafiaah , Singh Rahul
Published: September 2022

Nutrient cycling is an important environmental process and has been the
focus of ecological research. Nutrient cycling refers to the sufficient supply of key
elements provided through the ecological processes within and between various biotic
or abiotic components of a cell, community, or ecosystem. Nutrient cycling also
includes the recovery and reuse of industrial, agricultural, and municipal organic debris
that are considered wastes. Nutrient cycles include biotic and abiotic components
involved in biological, geological, and chemical processes known as biogeochemical
cycles. Changes occurring in such cycles may indicate or even alter the functioning of
the ecosystem. Plants take up soil nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems for healthy growth
and development, wherein soil acts as a nutrient reservoir. Nutrients are lost from such
sites due to soil erosion, denitrification, and food production, which cause reduced
availability of nutrients. Therefore, analyzing nutrients’ assimilation, transport through
biota, and their release for subsequent re-assimilation is mandatory. Nutrients to be
recycled essentially for the survival of organisms include macronutrients (C, O, H, N,
K, P, Ca, Mg, S, and Cl) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Mo, Cu, Zn, Bo, Ni, Co, Na, Se,
and I). This chapter presents the role of nutrients and nutrient cycling for
environmental sustainability
Microbial Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Bala Ritu , Kumar Mukesh , Kaur Somal Manpreet , Karnwal Arun , Kumar Sachan Rohan Samir
Published: September 2022

Unchecked disposal of substances or compounds such as organic/inorganic heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), herbicides, pesticides, phenolic and nitrogenous compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) ubiquitously present in the environment poses a global concern. This requires constant monitoring of environmental pollutants. Biological-based monitors and biosensors with high specificity and sensitivity are applied to monitor and check the level of pollutants. These are biological-based methods used for the intervention of environmental pollutants as analytes. The widely used biosensors are made by immobilizing various enzymes, antibodies, whole cells in the devices, and transducers. Microbial biosensor devices sense the substances in the environment through the various biochemical reactions of the microorganisms incorporated in the devices. However, with the ease of genetic modification techniques like genetic engineering technologies, various microorganisms have gained immense popularity as ideal candidates for developing biosensors. The microbial biosensors' inexpensiveness, compactness, and portability offer advantages over conventional chemical sensors. The most significant aspect of microbial biosensors is the in situ detection capability, and real-time analysis has enhanced their acceptability and applicability in environmental monitoring. The following chapter deals with microbial biosensors to detect air, water, and soil pollutants
Microbial Degradation, Bioremediation and Biotransformation
Authors: Lone Sameena , Hussain Khursheed , Rahman Al-Tawaha Abdel
Published: September 2022

At present, the world is reeling under the problem of different environmental
pollutions, viz., soil, water, and air pollution, as a result of anthropogenic activities,
intensive inorganic agriculture, industrial revolution releasing a wide array of
xenobiotics. Across the world, scientists are trying to overcome pollution through
physical, chemical, and thermal processes. The major drawbacks of these methods
include their labor-intensive nature, high cost, and undesirable changes in the treated
soil's physical, chemical and biological characteristics. The only alternative solution to
overcome this challenge is microorganisms. The microorganisms transform the various
substances through their metabolic activity. It mainly depends on two processes.
growth and cometabolism. Growth refers to the process which results in complete
degradation (mineralization) of organic pollutants. Hence, the only source of carbon
and energy in growth is an organic pollutant.
On the other hand, cometabolism refers to the process in which the metabolism of an
organic compound takes place in the presence of a growth substrate, which is used as
the primary source of carbon and energy. For maintaining the global carbon cycle and
renewing our environment, microorganisms have an essential role to play. The various
microbial activities are comprehended in biodegradation, bioremediation, and
biotransformation. Substances transformed by microorganisms include a wide range of
synthetic compounds and other chemical substances like hydrocarbons and heavy
metals, which have toxic ecological effects. However, in most cases, this statement is
concerned with the potential degradabilities of microorganisms estimated under ideal
growth conditions using selected laboratory cultures.
Bioremediation of Hazardous Organics in Industrial Refuse
Authors: Fouzi Zahalan Riham , Awad Al-Zoubi Muhammad Manhal , Mohammad Said Al Tawaha Abdel Rahman
Published: September 2022

Increased population and industrial revolution, alongside the wrong
agricultural management systems, are putting massive pressure on the natural resources
available for human beings. Several international organizations are raising flags and
knocking the future risks and costs of exhausting the available natural resources. Soil is
categorized as a slowly renewable resource to a limit that made soil experts classify
soil as a nonrenewable natural resource. Therefore, soil pollution is among the most
important issues discussed at the global level. However, soil remediation is very high
costly, time-taking, and needs experts for handling. Bioremediation is considered one
of the most promising methods of soil rehabilitation by simulating the behaviour of
nature in curing it. With lower costs, noticeable results, and eco-friendly alternative
solutions, bioremediation might be the most suitable strategy for polluted lands.
Role of Microbial Biofilms in Bioremediation
Authors: Vyas Pratibha , Kumari Rana Amrita , Kaur Kunwarpreet
Published: September 2022

Various types of toxic chemicals and waste materials generated from
different industrial processes have created environmental pollution leading to a
challenge for healthy human life globally. There is a need to develop strategies for
environmental renewal and maintaining healthy life. Bioremediation has emerged as a
promising and eco-friendly approach as microorganisms have vast potential to remove
toxic pollutants from the environment. Microbial biofilms can be used successfully for
removing environmental pollutants because of their ability to degrade, absorb and
immobilize a large number of pollutants from various sources. During bioremediation,
metabolic activities of biofilm-forming microorganisms are used for degrading toxic
environmental pollutants. Though information on the use of microbial biofilms for
bioremediation is limited, biofilms have proved to be highly effective in
bioremediation. The present chapter focuses on the application and potential of
microbial biofilms for the removal of environmental pollutants for sustainable
development
Microbial Processing for Valorization of Waste and Application
Authors: Afzaal Muhammad , Saeed Farhan , Ahmad Aftab , Saeed Muhammad , Usman Ifrah , Nouman Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Most of the waste generated from agriculture and other industries is a great
source of soil and water pollution. The increase in agriculture waste across the globe is
of great concern because of various environmental and economic issues. However,
genetic engineering and microbial processing development have helped extract various
valuable products from this waste. Microbes have the natural potential to degrade this
organic waste. This chapter highlights the opportunities to bio-valorize agricultural
waste through microbes and produces valuable enzymes, biofuels and bioactive
compounds. This chapter highlights how microbes may decrease the ever-increasing
waste to produce various valuable products for industrial use.
THE ROLE OF DOPPLER REGIMES IN THE DETECTION OF VOLUME OVARIAN FORMATIONS
Authors: Ryzhyk V. M. , Stasiv I. D.
Published: September 2022

In order to increase the diagnostic value of ultrasound diagnostics, qualitative and quantitative Doppler indicators in the detection of bulky ovarian tumors were determined. A comprehensive examination of 149 patients with additional ovarian tumors, which consisted of three groups of patients. The control group included 30 women who did not have large ovarian tumors. Detailed qualitative assessment of blood flow loci was determined using energy Doppler, and quantitative – pulse. The main parameters that were evaluated were maximum blood flow velocity (Vmax), resistance index (IR), pulsation index (PI).Studies have shown that color Doppler showed neovascularity in 46 (95.8%) malignant tumors in contrast to only 35 (68.6%) benign tumors. Malignant tumors are characterized by a change in vascular velocity with an increase in peak systolic velocity and a decrease in the resistance index. Vmax and PI values increase slightly in tumor-like and benign tumors, but in malignant tumors they increase almost twice as much as in the control group (p <0.05), and RI on the contrary - halves in malignant pathology (p <0.05). In 33 (68.8%) cases of ovarian malignancies, the RI was <0.5 and none of the benign tumors had an RI <0.4. Most benign tumors (82.4%) had an RI> 0.6 (p <0.0001).The results of research show that Doppler imaging is an indispensable component of ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of bulky ovarian tumors, as neoangiogenesis has its own characteristics that can be effectively detected using Doppler modes.
FEATURES AND STRUCTURE OF THE COMPLICATIONS OF ENDOVENOUS LASER ABLATION
Authors: Atamaniuk O. Yu.
Published: September 2022

The aim of the research work: to analyze the structure, frequency and features of complications after endovenous laser ablation in patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities. An open, prospective study was conducted, which included 208 consecutive patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities.  All patients underwent endovenous laser ablation of varicose veins and investigated the structure and features of the development of postoperative complications. Pathological reflux of blood in the trank of the great saphenous vein of the lower extremity was diagnosed in 206 cases, isolated reflux in the trank of the small saphenous vein was observed in 24 (10.4 %) limbs, in 16 patients EVLA was performed simultaneously in the small and large saphenous veins). One or more adverse events were reported by 94 patients (45.2%) during the first 2 weeks after treatment, and pain was the most common symptom in the study patients, with complaints reported by 82 (39.4 %) patients with a mean value immediately after treatment). The second most common complication of endovenous laser ablation was ecchymosis, which developed in 44 (19.1% extremities). Tissue induration and hyperpigmentation along the coagulated vein were observed in 5.2% and 3.9%, respectively. Manifestations of transient paresthesia and wound infection were observed in 0.4% of cases, in 2 (0.9 %) patients after EVLA in the great saphenous vein. In the postoperative period serious adverse events developed, such as EHIT II and in 3 (1.4 %) cases asymptomatic distal deep vein thrombosis. Endovenous laser ablation is an effective method of treating varicose veins of the lower extremities with a high safety profile. Clear standardization of the procedure and postoperative monitoring will minimize the risks of postoperative complications and eliminate them in a timely manner.
Elastyczność kształtowania przestrzeni mieszkalnej w budynkach wielorodzinnych
Authors: Sępoch-Ożyńska Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

Mieszkanie w budynku wielorodzinnym to „dom” dla niemal połowy naszego społeczeństwa. Budownictwo wielorodzinne zaspokaja potrzeby mieszkaniowe olbrzymiej części naszej populacji, na które składa się szeroki wachlarz wymagań, począwszy od bezpieczeństwa, poprzez potrzeby fizjologiczne, aż do uznania społecznego. Współczesny mieszkaniec staje przed nowymi wyzwaniami a jego przestrzeń życiowa wygląda i funkcjonuje w sposób zupełnie odmienny, niż kiedykolwiek dotychczas w porównaniu z historią budownictwa wielorodzinnego. Z uwagi na tempo życia oraz fakt, że praca, wypoczynek i prywatna strefa mieszkalna są coraz bardziej ze sobą powiązane, współczesne przestrzenie muszą być projektowane pod kątem wielofunkcyjności w znacznie większym stopniu niż dotychczas. Przestrzeń mieszkalna musi również w perspektywie czasu odpowiedzieć przede wszystkim na zmieniające się warunki rodzinne i zdrowotne. Powierzchnia mieszkalna, która będzie podążała za cyklem życiowym mieszkańców i potrafiła zaadaptować się do zachodzących w rodzinie zmian, będzie miejscem stałym do życia, zapewniającym komfort psychiczny właścicielom. Elastyczna przestrzeń, którą można łatwo dostosować do różnych sytuacji jest obecnie poszukiwana zarówno przez architektów, jak i użytkowników mieszkań w budynkach wielorodzinnych, oraz rozwiązaniem zapewniającym zrównoważony rozwój i ochronę zasobów, co z uwagi na obecny stan środowiska naturalnego wydaje się priorytetem. Zaprezentowany w artykule autorski model lokalu mieszkalnego jest próbą odpowiedzi na problem elastycznego formowania współczesnej przestrzeni mieszkalnej. Słowa kluczowe: mieszkanie, przestrzeń mieszkalna, budynki wielorodzinne, elastyczność projekto­wania przestrzeni mieszkalnej
Tożsamość w krajobrazach (nie tylko) kulturowych województwa mazowieckiego
Authors: Baranowska Ewa , Pankowska Marta , Dobrosielska Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

W artykule przedstawiono obszary wyróżniające się lokalną tradycją oraz kultywowaniem obrzędów i zwyczajów na terenie województwa mazowieckiego, jak również wskazano rolę społeczeństwa w kształtowaniu i zachowaniu niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego. Ponadto wykonano ocenę stanu zachowania lub wykształcenia cech syntetycznych krajobrazu gmin, tj. tradycji, tożsamości i swojskości, zgodnie z metodyką rozporządzenia Rady Ministrów z dnia 11 stycznia 2019 roku w sprawie sporządzania audytów krajobrazowych. Analizy wykonano na podstawie wyników badania ankietowego, przeprowadzonego przez zespół badawczy Zakładu Gospodarki Przestrzennej i Nauk o Środowisku Przyrodniczym Wydziału Geodezji i Kartografii Politechniki Warszawskiej, na zlecenie Mazowieckiego Biura Planowania Regionalnego w Warszawie, na obszarze województwa mazowieckiego. Ankieta badawcza zawierała 9 pytań z zakresu dziedzictwa kulturowego, gdzie dla celów niniejszego artykułu przeanalizowano 4 dotyczące bezpośrednio dziedzictwa materialnego i niematerialnego wśród 6160 wykonanych ankiet. Zakres analiz dziedzictwa materialnego dotyczył występowania tradycyjnej architektury a niematerialnego: regionów etnograficznych, kultywowanych tradycji, obrzędów i zwyczajów, a także zaangażowania społeczeństwa w „życie kulturalne” swoich małych ojczyzn. Przeprowadzona analiza ankiet, pozwoliła na potwierdzenie występowania rozpoznanych już i wskazanych w dokumentach samorządu województwa, jak również wskazanie nowych obszarów materialnego i niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego województwa mazowieckiego, które skonfrontowano zarówno z literaturą przedmiotu, jak i z zapisami w dokumentach samorządu województwa. Wyniki badania wskazały na ważną rolę jednostek samorządu terytorialnego, instytucji kultury oraz stowarzyszeń i organizacji zrzeszających lokalne społeczności w kształtowaniu i zachowaniu niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego. Stopień zaangażowania respondentów w kultywowanie tradycji, obrzędów i zwyczajów, zgodnie z odpowiedziami ankietowanych okazał się niezależny od położenia w regionach etnograficznych. Odpowiedzi ankietowanych wskazały również na powrót do „korzeni”, wynikający ze wzrostu zainteresowania kulturą ludową, czemu sprzyjają podejmowane działania popularyzujące oraz promujące tradycje ludowe, natomiast w procesie międzypokoleniowego przekazu wartości bogactwa dziedzictwa kulturowego kluczową rolę odgrywa edukacja społeczeństwa, w szczególności młodego pokolenia. Słowa kluczowe: krajobraz kulturowy, tradycja, architektura, regiony etnograficzne, dziedzictwo kulturowe
Hospitalizations of prematurely born infants in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, over five years period
Authors: Milardović Ana , Butorac Ahel Ivona , Verbić Arijan , Lah Tomulić Kristina , Težak Melita , Bilić Čače Iva
Published: September 2022

Cilj: Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi pojavnost, kliničke karakteristike te ishod prijevremeno rođene dojenčadi, liječene na Odjelu intenzivnog liječenja djece Klinike za pedijatriju Kliničkog bolničkog centra Rijeka, u razdoblju 2014. – 2018. godine. Ispitanici i metode: Ispitanici su sva prijevremeno rođena dojenčad liječena na Odjelu intenzivnog liječenja djece Klinike za pedijatriju Kliničkog bolničkog centra Rijeka, u razdoblju 2014.-2018. Ispitanici su prema gestacijskoj dobi podijeljeni u četiri skupine (ekstremno prijevremeno rođena, vrlo prijevremeno rođena, umjereno prijevremeno rođena, kasno prijevremeno rođena djeca) te su navedene skupine uspoređivane s obzirom na pojedine kliničke karakteristike. Rezultati: Ispitivanje je obuhvatilo ukupno 176-ero prijevremeno rođene dojenčadi. U skupini ispitane ekstremno prijevremeno rođene dojenčadi razlozi hospitalizacija u 90,3 % slučajeva bile su komplikacije prijevremenog rođenja, u skupini vrlo prijevremeno rođene dojenčadi komplikacije prijevremenog rođenja bile su razlogom hospitalizacija u 62,1 %, u 35 % slučajeva dojenčadi umjerenog, a u skupini dojenčadi kasnog prijevremenog rođenja 22,4 %. Od ukupnog broja ispitivane prijevremeno rođene dojenčadi, njih 79 (44,9 %) imalo je 1-2 komplikacije, 35 (19,9 %) ih je imalo 3-4 komplikacije, a 15-ero (8,5 %) prematurne dojenčadi imalo je pet ili više komplikacija prijevremenog rođenja. Od ukupno 176-ero ispitivane prijevremeno rođene dojenčadi u navedenom periodu, 14-ero (8 %) ih je umrlo tijekom hospitalizacije. Zaključci: Budući da su prema literaturi najčešći razlozi hospitalizacija prijevremeno rođene dojenčadi infekcije, nerijetko izravno povezane s komplikacijama prijevremenog rođenja, pokušaji smanjenja navedenog broja hospitalizacija trebali bi biti usmjereni upravo prema smanjenju broja infekcija. Uz navedeno bi, vjerojatno, poželjan učinak imala i dodatna koordinacija skrbi i praćenja.
Povišena tjelesna temperatura: prvi simptom jedinstvenog sindroma ekscitiranog delirija u psihotičnog bolesnika
Authors: Marić Annemarie , Rubeša Gordana
Published: September 2022

Cilj: Osvijestiti mogućnost postojanja ekscitirajućeg delirantnog sindroma u psihotičnog pacijenta s povišenom tjelesnom temperaturom. Prikaz slučaja: Pacijent u dobi od 32 godine prisilno je hospitaliziran pet puta u posljednjih 11 godina na Klinici za psihijatriju KBC-a Rijeka. Unazad 14 godina u psihijatrijskom je tretmanu pod dijagnozom paranoidne shizofrenije, a ekscitirajući delirantni sindrom javio se tri godine od početka liječenja. U posljednje dvije prisilne hospitalizacije prezentirao se uz kliničku sliku psihotičnosti i poremećene svijesti (po opisu delirantnu), psihomotorne agitiranosti, nesuradljivosti, uz simptome autonomne hiperreaktivnosti (tahikardija, tahipneja, znojenje, povišenje krvnog tlaka) te zakočene muskulature. Osim toga, pacijent ima stalnu potrebu za razodijevanjem i izraženu privučenost ogledalima. Trećeg dana posljednje hospitalizacije razvila se povišena tjelesna temperatura koja se poklapa s primjenom veće doze antipsihotika. Najprije je postavljena sumnja na maligni neuroleptični sindrom i ukinuta je antipsihotična terapija, ali bez značajnijeg učinka na psihičko i tjelesno stanje. Dijagnostička obrada nije pokazala značajno povišenje razine kreatin fosfokinaza niti nalaz mioglobina u urinu. S obzirom na to, ponovno su primijenjeni antipsihotici u liječenju te postupno dolazi do poboljšanja i psihičkog i tjelesnog stanja bolesnika te se tada počinje sumnjati da se radi o jedinstvenom ekscitiranom delirantnom sindromu. Zaključak: Pojava vrućice u psihijatrijskih bolesnika dijagnostički je i terapijski izazovna. Rano razmatranje sindroma hipertermije povezanih s liječenjem od vitalne je važnosti. Dijagnostička dvojba između malignog neuroleptičkog sindroma i ekscitirajućeg delirantnog sindroma značajna je jer su uključeni različiti terapijski pristupi, a radi se o dvama potencijalno letalnim sindromima.
A Stroke Rehabilitation Educational Program for Occupational Therapy Students and Practitioners: Usability Study
Authors: Newcomer Valerie , Metzinger Megan , Vick Sydney , Robertson Caroline , Lawrence Taylor , Glass Amanda , Elliott Lauren , Williams Ansleigh
Published: September 2022

Background

There are gaps in knowledge translation (KT) of current evidence-based practices regarding stroke assessment and rehabilitation delivered through teletherapy. A lack of this knowledge can prevent occupational therapy (OT) students and practitioners from implementing current research findings.

Objective

The aim of this pilot study was to create an educational program to translate knowledge into practice regarding the remote delivery of stroke assessment and rehabilitation to OT students and practitioners. Four areas of focus were addressed in the educational program, including KT, task-oriented training, stroke assessments, and telerehabilitation.

Methods

Two pilot studies were conducted to assess the knowledge gained via pretests and posttests of knowledge, followed by a System Usability Scale and general feedback questionnaire. Participants in study 1 were 5 OT practitioners and 1 OT assistant. Participants in study 2 were 9 current OT students. Four 1-hour modules were emailed weekly to participants over the course of 4 weeks, with each module covering a different topic (KT, task-oriented training, stroke assessments, and telerehabilitation). Preliminary results were reviewed using descriptive statistics.

Results

Statistically significant results were found with increased scores of knowledge for both students and practitioners. Most of the educational modules had an above-average score regarding value and positive feedback for the educational program as a whole from the participants.

Conclusions

Overall, the results of this pilot study indicate that a web-based educational program is a valuable, informational method of increasing the translation of knowledge in the remote delivery of stroke assessment and rehabilitation. OT students and practitioners found the information presented to be valuable and relevant to their future profession and current practice.
Cien años de violencia de Estado contra estudiantes y maestros en la educación mexicana
Authors: Aboites Hugo
Published: September 2022

En 100 años de historia de la educación mexicana postrevolucionaria (1921-2022), no hay década en que el Estado no haya utilizado medios físicos violentos (asesinatos, encarcelamientos masivos y represión) y simbólicos, como políticas educativas particularmente hostiles, contra estudiantes de nivel superior y maestros de educación básica. Este artículo explica que esta reiterada violencia surge de rasgos constitutivos de la relación que se construyó entre el Estado y los actores educativos en las primeras décadas del siglo pasado, lo que explica por qué la educación mexicana nunca se ha consolidado realmente y por qué los esfuerzos por reformarla usualmente resultan fallidos.
Distribución estatal y municipal del feminicidio en México 2015-2021
Authors: Salazar Cruz Luz María , Chávez Tania
Published: September 2022

Este artículo analiza el feminicidio en México: definición, tipología e incidencia (2015-2021) a través de los datos proporcionados por el Secretariado Ejecutivo del Sistema Nacional de Seguridad Pública (SESNSP) referidos en la incidencia delictiva del fuero común; se realiza un análisis a nivel estatal y municipal de los registros para identificar las entidades y municipios con mayor cantidad de reportes en el periodo analizado. El supuesto de la incidencia del feminicidio intencional vincula la motivación y dolo por parte de los perpetradores desde presupuestos sexistas y misóginos, tal como lo anuncian las tipologías relativas al feminicidio en México.
Investigating the Effect of the Language of Cartoon Films on Children’s Acquisition of Their Mother Tongue: A Case Study of Three Children
Authors: Betti Prof. Dr. Mohammed Jasim , Igaab Prof. Dr. Zainab Kadim
Published: September 2022

This study investigates the effect of the language of cartoon films on children’s acquisition of their mother tongue. The language used in the cartoon films under study is Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) while that of the parents and of the environment is Urban Nasiriya Iraqi Arabic (UNIA). The informants of the study consist of three Children who are native speakers of Arabic and whose ages are aged 5,6 and 7 at the beginning of collecting the data of this study. The data collection continues for three years in that it includes the preschool and some school stages. The data collection tool, which is done by the parents from the children, is by means of recordings and daily observation. The children are exposed to the cartoon films for about four to five hours in their daily watching. The methodological procedure consists of describing the language uttered by the informants to prove or refute the hypotheses of the study including that the exposure to the cartoon films has an effect on the informants’ use of MSA, the cartoon films have more effect on the type of dialect used by children compared to parents’ and environment’s dialect, which is UNIA and the theories of informal learning of Marsick and Watkins (1990) and Marsick, Watkins, Callahan, and Volpe (2006) are applicable to acquisition. The study accepts all the hypotheses including that words and sentences used by the informants prove that the dialect used by the informants is MSA, and that the dialect used is affected by the cartoons’ dialect, MSA, to which the children are exposed rather than their parents’ dialect, UNIA.