bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Eye Movements Characterize Active, Not Passive, Participation in the Collective Embodied Learning of a Scientific Concept
Authors: Zohar Roni , Karp Ofer , Ben-Joseph Tchiya , Ahissar Ehud
Published: July 2023

Embodied pedagogy maintains that teaching and learning abstract concepts can benefit significantly from integrating bodily movements into the process. However, the dynamics of such an integration, as well as its dependency on active participation, are not known. Here, we examined the dynamics of visual perception loops during embodied training by tracking eye movements during a session of the collective embodied learning of a concept in physics—angular velocity. Embodied learning was accomplished by the subjects, forming a line that rotated around a central object, in this case, a bottle. We tracked the gaze resulting from the eye and head movements in 12 subjects, who both actively participated in the collective embodied exercise and passively watched it. The tracking data of 7 of these 12 subjects passed our tracking reliability criteria in all the trials and are reported here. During active learning, the learners tended to look ahead of the rotating line (by 35.18 ± 14.82 degrees). In contrast, while passively watching others performing the task, the learners tended to look directly at the line. Interestingly, while the learners were performing the collective exercise, they were unaware of looking ahead of the rotating line. We concluded that the closed-loop perceptual dynamics differed between the active and passive modes, and discussed possible consequences of the observed differences with respect to embodied pedagogy.
The Effect of Keratinized Mucosa on Peri-Implant Health and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Stefanini Martina , Pispero Alberto , Del Fabbro Massimo , Gobbato Luca , Ghensi Paolo , Lodi Giovanni , Sculean Anton , Zucchelli Giovanni , Grusovin Maria Gabriella
Published: July 2023

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effect of keratinized mucosa (KM) on different peri-implant health-related parameters and on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Material and methods: Randomized controlled trials, cohort, cross-sectional and case–control human studies with a follow-up period of at least 6 months comparing two groups of patients with presence or absence of KM, or with KM < 2 mm or ≥2 mm were included. Primary outcomes were implant failures, PROMs and BoP (BoP/mBI). Additional outcomes were PPD, plaque accumulation (mPI/PI), gingival inflammation (GI/mGI), marginal bone loss (MBL), soft tissue recession (REC) and biological complications. Results: Fifteen studies were included (one RCT, two cohort prospective and twelve cross-sectional). Meta-analysis was performed for cross-sectional studies. Implant failure and complications were not presented as outcome measures, and five studies analyzed PROMs. Results from the meta-analysis reported no evidence of any statistical significant difference between groups in PPD, BoP and MBL, while a statistical significant difference in GI/BI, PI and REC was present in favor of the group with KW ≥ 2 mm. More biological complications were present in the group with no KM/KM < 2 mm but few cases were present to draw any conclusions. Although a meta-analysis could not be performed, a consistent trend toward the worst pain/discomfort in KM < 2 mm was observed. Conclusions: No clear evidence was found supporting the role of KM in peri-implant health and PROMs, even if more plaque and marginal inflammation were present in the KM < 2 mm group. Clinical relevance: KM could have a role in patients with erratic maintenance and patient comfort.
Seismic Retrofit of Warehouses with Masonry Infills and Glazed Curtain Walls through Hysteretic Braces: Refinement of the Italian Building Code Provisions
Authors: Gandelli Emanuele , Pertica Gianluca , Facconi Luca , Minelli Fausto , Preti Marco
Published: July 2023

A refined design procedure for the seismic retrofit of warehouses or, more generally, single-storey RC frames bounded by “drift-sensitive” masonry infills and glazed curtain walls, is proposed in this paper by means of hysteretic braces. The calculation method is based on displacement-based design (DBD) procedures in which both the as-built frame and the dissipative braces are modelled through simple linear equivalent SDOF systems arranged in parallel. In this regard, with respect to the provisions of the Italian Building Code, two refinements are introduced: (1) the definition of two performance targets tailored to the protection of glazed curtain walls (among most expensive non-structural components) and to ensure an acceptable level of damage level for masonry infills; and (2) the adoption of a more accurate formulation for the estimation of the equivalent viscous damping developed both by the main frame and the dissipative braces. The refined design method is applied to a case-study building and the achievement of the performance targets is verified through NLTH analyses.
Progress in Lightweight Design Methods for Large-Size Panel Structures in Manned Pressurized Capsules
Authors: Zhou Zhiyong , Yu Chenfan , Han Xiuzhu , Zheng Kaiwei , Jiang Chao , Tian Kuo
Published: July 2023

The pressurized capsule structure provides the pressure environment for astronauts or payloads in space, which is thus considered as the most crucial structural component for manned spacecraft. The manned deep space exploration mission (MDSEM) brings new challenges to the pressurized capsule structure: extremely low structural weight, long service life, reusability and adaptability to the harsh deep space environment. The conventional welded panel pressurized capsule structure (WPPCS) is not able to meet these new requirements. To address the above challenges, this paper comprehensively expounds why the current WPPCS cannot meet the requirements of MDSEMs based on the analysis of the vibration environment and structural characteristics of the pressurized capsule structure. Furthermore, a new type of integrated panel pressurized capsule structure (IPPCS) is proposed, showing the lightweight advantage compared with WPPCS. Finally, the technical details and research results of the strength criterion, design method, material upgrading and structural integrity manufacturing process of the IPPCS are fully introduced. The conclusions drawn in this paper will provide useful and meaningful references for the future development of large-size, lightweight pressurized capsule structures.
A Study on the Movement Characteristics of Fuel in the Fuel Tank during the Maneuvering Process
Authors: Wang Yameng , Ruan Chenran , Lu Song , Li Zhenghong
Published: July 2023

To investigate the movement characteristics of fuel within an aircraft’s fuel tank during maneuvering, this study employs numerical simulations using the Finite Pointset Method (FPM) with specific boundary conditions and excitation. The simulation results successfully capture the complex phenomena of fuel free surface fluctuations, surging, rolling, and breaking, along with the corresponding changes in the center of gravity induced by fuel movement. Throughout the aircraft’s maneuvering process, the longitudinal center of gravity experiences minimal variations, whereas the aerodynamic center of gravity exhibits significant fluctuations, reaching a range of 0.47 m. The longitudinal center of gravity consistently shifts backward with a displacement of 0.41 m. The maximum height attained by the liquid’s free surface during aircraft maneuvering measures approximately 0.22 m, reaching the upper panel’s height of the wing fuel tank, resulting in a certain level of impact on the upper panel. The maximum impact force generated during the aircraft maneuvering process amounts to 2.3 × 105 pascals, with the point of action located at the junction of the transverse frame and the upper panel. The findings of this work provide support for the safe design of aircraft fuel tank systems.
Earthquake Prediction for the Düzce Province in the Marmara Region Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Pura Turgut , Güneş Peri , Güneş Ali , Hameed Ali Alaa
Published: July 2023

By definition, an earthquake is a naturally occurring event. This natural event may be a disaster that causes significant damage, loss of life, and other economic effects. The possibility of predicting a natural event such as an earthquake will minimize the negative effects mentioned above. In this study, data collection, processing, and data evaluation regarding earthquakes were carried out. Earthquake forecasting was performed using the RNN (recurrent neural network) method. This study was carried out using seismic data with a magnitude of 3.0 and above of the Düzce Province between 1990 and 2022. In order to increase the learning potential of the method, the b and d values of earthquakes were calculated. The detection of earthquakes within a specific time interval in the Marmara region of Turkey, the classification of earthquake-related seismic data using artificial neural networks, and the generation of predictions for the future highlight the importance of this study. Our results demonstrated that the prediction performance could be significantly improved by incorporating the b and d coefficients of earthquakes, as well as the data regarding the distance between the Moon and the Earth, along with the use of recurrent neural networks (RNNs).
Wildfire Smoke and Protective Actions in Canadian Indigenous Communities
Authors: Batdorf Brieanna , McGee Tara K.
Published: July 2023

In Canada, Indigenous populations are disproportionately threatened by wildfire smoke and the associated adverse health impacts. This paper presents the results of a narrative review of 51 academic and related resources which explored protective action decision making during wildfire smoke events within Indigenous communities in Canada. A search of scholarly articles and other relevant sources yielded resources which were subject to thematic analysis and described in order to present a narrative review of current knowledge and gaps in research. A small and growing literature provides insights into protective actions taken by the general population during wildfire smoke events, but very little is known about protective actions taken by Indigenous peoples in Canada during wildfire smoke events. This lack of understanding hinders the capacity of decision makers to improve emergency management and minimize community health impacts of wildfire smoke.
Synchronization of Fractional Partial Difference Equations via Linear Methods
Authors: Abu Falahah Ibraheem , Hioual Amel , Al-Qadri Mowafaq Omar , AL-Khassawneh Yazan Alaya , Al-Husban Abdallah , Hamadneh Tareq , Ouannas Adel
Published: July 2023

Discrete fractional models with reaction-diffusion have gained significance in the scientific field in recent years, not only due to the need for numerical simulation but also due to the stated biological processes. In this paper, we investigate the problem of synchronization-control in a fractional discrete nonlinear bacterial culture reaction-diffusion model using the Caputo h-difference operator and a second-order central difference scheme and an L1 finite difference scheme after deriving the discrete fractional version of the well-known Degn–Harrison system and Lengyel–Epstein system. Using appropriate techniques and the direct Lyapunov method, the conditions for full synchronization are determined.Furthermore, this research shows that the L1 finite difference scheme and the second-order central difference scheme may successfully retain the properties of the related continuous system. The conclusions are proven throughout the paper using two major biological models, and numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the practical use of the recommended technique.
Microbial Fuel Cell-Based Organic Matter Sensors: Principles, Structures and Applications
Authors: Yao Huang , Xiao Jialong , Tang Xinhua
Published: July 2023

Wastewater contains a significant quantity of organic matter, continuously causing environmental pollution. Timely and accurate detection of organic content in water can facilitate improved wastewater treatment and better protect the environment. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are increasingly recognized as valuable biological monitoring systems, due to their ability to swiftly detect organic indicators such as biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water quality. Different types of MFC sensors are used for BOD and COD detection, each with unique features and benefits. This review focuses on different types of MFC sensors used for BOD and COD detection, discussing their benefits and structural optimization, as well as the influencing factors of MFC-based biomonitoring systems. Additionally, the challenges and prospects associated with the development of reliable MFC sensing systems are discussed.
Blood Clotting Dissolution in the Presence of a Magnetic Field and Preliminary Study with MG63 Osteoblast-like Cells—Further Developments for Guided Bone Regeneration?
Authors: Di Gioia Sante , Milillo Lucio , Hossain Md Niamat , Carbone Annalucia , Petruzzi Massimo , Conese Massimo
Published: July 2023

Background: The influence of a magnetic field on the activation of bone cells and remodelling of alveolar bone is known to incite bone regeneration. Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) aims to develop biomimetic scaffolds to allow for the functioning of the barrier and the precise succession of wound healing steps, including haemostasis. The effect of a magnetic field on blood clot dissolution has not been studied yet. Methods: We conducted a methodological study on the clot stability in the presence of a static magnetic field (SMF). Preformed whole blood (WB) clots were treated with either a broad proteolytic enzyme (trypsin) or a specific fibrinolytic agent, i.e., tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). MG63 osteoblast-like cells were added to preformed WB clots to assess cell proliferation. Results: After having experienced a number of clotting and dissolution protocols, we obtained clot stability exerted by SMF when tissue factor (for clotting) and t-PA + plasminogen (for fibrinolysis) were used. WB clots allowed osteoblast-like cells to survive and proliferate, however no obvious effects of the magnetic field were noted. Conclusions: Paramagnetic properties of erythrocytes may have influenced the reduction in clot dissolution. Future studies are warranted to fully exploit the combination of magnetic forces, WB clot and cells in GBR applied to orthodontics and prosthodontics.
White LED Lighting Increases the Root Productivity of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer in a Hydroponic Cultivation System of a Plant Factory
Authors: Kim Se-Hee , Park Jae-Hoon , Kim Eui-Joo , Lee Jung-Min , Park Ji-Won , Kim Yoon-Seo , Kim Gyu-Ri , Lee Ju-Seon , Lee Eung-Pill , You Young-Han
Published: July 2023

To identify effective light spectra for increasing the productivity of Panax ginseng, we conducted experiments in a controlled environment using a hydroponic cultivation system in a plant factory. We investigated the effect of single LEDs (red, blue, and yellow) and mixed LEDs (red + blue and red + blue + white). The relationships between four light spectra (red, blue, yellow, and white) and physiological responses (net photosynthetic rate, stomata conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO2 partial pressure), as well as growth responses (shoot and root biomass), were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis. Among the four physiological response variables, shoot biomass was not increased by any pathway, and root biomass was increased only by the intercellular CO2 partial pressure. Red and yellow light increased shoot biomass, whereas white light promoted an increase in the net photosynthetic rate and enhanced root biomass. In contrast, blue light was less effective than the other light spectra in increasing both shoot and root biomass. Therefore, red and yellow light are the most effective light spectra for increasing shoot biomass and white light is effective for increasing root biomass in a plant factory that uses artificial LED lighting. Furthermore, the intercellular CO2 partial pressure is an important physiological variable for increasing the root biomass of P. ginseng.
Ιnterleukin-17A-Enriched Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Promote Immunofibrotic Aspects of Childhood Asthma Exacerbation
Authors: Ntinopoulou Maria , Cassimos Dimitrios , Roupakia Eugenia , Kolettas Evangelos , Panopoulou Maria , Mantadakis Elpis , Konstantinidis Theocharis , Chrysanthopoulou Akrivi
Published: July 2023

Childhood asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder that can drive tissue remodeling. Neutrophils are amongst the most prominent inflammatory cells contributing to disease manifestations and may exert a potent role in the progression of inflammation to fibrosis. However, their role in asthma exacerbation is still understudied. Here, we investigate the association between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and lung fibroblasts in childhood asthma pathophysiology using serum samples from pediatric patients during asthma exacerbation. Cell-based assays and NETs/human fetal lung fibroblast co-cultures were deployed. Increased levels of NETs and interleukin (IL)-17A were detected in the sera of children during asthma exacerbation. The in vitro stimulation of control neutrophils using the sera from pediatric patients during asthma exacerbation resulted in IL-17A-enriched NET formation. The subsequent co-incubation of lung fibroblasts with in vitro-generated IL-17A-enriched NETs led fibroblasts to acquire a pre-fibrotic phenotype, as assessed via enhanced CCN2 expression, migratory/healing capacity, and collagen release. These data uncover the important pathogenic role of the NET/IL-17A axis in asthma exacerbation, linking lung inflammation to fibroblast dysfunction and fibrosis.
Robot-Assisted Sacrocolpopexy versus Trans-Vaginal Multicompartment Prolapse Repair: Impact on Lower Bowel Tract Function
Authors: Martoccia Alessia , Al Salhi Yazan , Fuschi Andrea , Rera Onofrio Antonio , Suraci Paolo Pietro , Scalzo Silvio , Antonioni Alice , Valenzi Fabio Maria , Sequi Manfredi Bruno , De Nunzio Cosimo , Lombardo Riccardo , Sciarra Alessandro , Di Pierro Giovanni , Bozzini Giorgio , Asimakopoulos Anastasios D. , Finazzi Agrò Enrico , Zucchi Alessandro , Gubiotti Marilena , Cervigni Mauro , Carbone Antonio , Pastore Antonio Luigi
Published: July 2023

Background: This study evaluated the effectiveness, safety, and possible changes in bowel symptoms after multicompartment prolapse surgery by comparing two different surgical approaches, transvaginal mesh surgery with levatorplasty (TVMLP) and robot-assisted sacrocolpopexy (RSC). Methods: All patients underwent pelvic (POP-Q staging system) and rectal examination to evaluate anal sphincter tone in the lithotomy position with the appropriate Valsalva test. The preoperative evaluation included urodynamics and pelvic magnetic resonance defecography. Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) at follow-up measured subjective improvement. All patients completed Agachan–Wexner’s questionnaire at 0 and 12 months of follow-up to evaluate bowel symptoms. Results: A total of 73 cases were randomized into the RSC group (36 cases) and TVMLP group (37 cases). After surgery, the main POP-Q stage in both groups was stage I (RCS 80.5% vs. TVMLP 82%). There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in postoperative anal sphincter tone: 35%. The TVMLP group experienced a hypertonic anal sphincter, while none of the RSC group did. Regarding subjective improvement, the median PGI-I was 1 in both groups. At 12 months of follow-up, both groups exhibited a significant improvement in bowel symptoms. Conclusions: RSC and TVMLP successfully corrected multicompartment POP. RSC showed a greater improvement in the total Agachan–Wexner score and lower bowel symptoms.
Curcumae radix Reduces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mice with Chronic Neuroinflammation
Authors: Jo Seong-Lae , Yang Hyun , Lee Hye Won , Hong Eui-Ju
Published: July 2023

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a condition in which the ER protein-folding machinery is impaired, leading to the accumulation of improperly folded proteins and triggering an unfolded-protein response. Excessive ER stress causes cell death and contributes to the development of chronic diseases. Interestingly, there is a bidirectional relationship between ER stress and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound found in Curcumae radix, exerts its neuroprotective effects by regulating ER stress and inflammation. Therefore, investigating the potential protective and regulatory effects of curcumin on ER stress, inflammation, and neurodegeneration under chronic neuroinflammatory conditions is of great interest. Mice were pretreated with Curcumae radix extract (CRE) for 19 days and then treated with CRE plus lipopolysaccharide for 1 week. We monitored pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum and ER stress-, inflammation-, and neurodegeneration-related markers in the mouse cerebrum and hippocampus using Western blotting and qRT-PCR. CRE reduced Interleukin-1 beta levels in the blood and brain of mice with lipopolysaccharide-induced chronic inflammation. CRE also suppressed the expression of markers related to the ER stress and NF-κB signaling pathways. The expression of neurodegeneration-related markers was reduced in the mouse cerebrum and hippocampus. CRE exerts neuroprotective effects under chronic inflammatory conditions via multifaceted anti-inflammatory and ER stress-pathway regulatory mechanisms.
A Pictorial Essay Describing the CT Imaging Features of COVID-19 Cases throughout the Pandemic with a Special Focus on Lung Manifestations and Extrapulmonary Vascular Abdominal Complications
Authors: Brogna Barbara , Bignardi Elio , Megliola Antonia , Laporta Antonietta , La Rocca Andrea , Volpe Mena , Musto Lanfranco Aquilino
Published: July 2023

With the Omicron wave, SARS-CoV-2 infections improved, with less lung involvement and few cases of severe manifestations. In this pictorial review, there is a summary of the pathogenesis with particular focus on the interaction of the immune system and gut and lung axis in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 and the computed tomography (CT) imaging features of COVID-19 pneumonia from the beginning of the pandemic, describing the typical features of COVID-19 pneumonia following the Delta variant and the atypical features appearing during the Omicron wave. There is also an outline of the typical features of COVID-19 pneumonia in cases of breakthrough infection, including secondary lung complications such as acute respiratory distress disease (ARDS), pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and lung pulmonary thromboembolism, which were more frequent during the first waves of the pandemic. Finally, there is a description of vascular extrapulmonary complications, including both ischemic and hemorrhagic abdominal complications.
L-serine: Neurological Implications and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Phone Myint Soe Maung Maung , Sun Liou Y.
Published: July 2023

L-serine is a non-essential amino acid that plays a vital role in protein synthesis, cell proliferation, development, and sphingolipid formation in the central nervous system. It exerts its effects through the activation of glycine receptors and upregulation of PPAR-γ, resulting in neurotransmitter synthesis, neuroprotection, and anti-inflammatory effects. L-serine shows potential as a protective agent in various neurological diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Deficiency of L-serine and its downstream products has been linked to severe neurological deficits. Despite its crucial role, there is limited understanding of its mechanistic production and impact on glial and neuronal cells. Most of the focus has been on D-serine, the downstream product of L-serine, which has been implicated in a wide range of neurological diseases. However, L-serine is approved by FDA for supplemental use, while D-serine is not. Hence, it is imperative that we investigate the wider effects of L-serine, particularly in relation to the pathogenesis of several neurological deficits that, in turn, lead to diseases. This review aims to explore current knowledge surrounding L-serine and its potential as a treatment for various neurological diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.
The Dynamic Behavior of a Single Semiflexible Ring Chain in a Linear Polymer Matrix
Authors: Zhou Xiaolin , Qin Yifan
Published: July 2023

We studied the dynamic behavior of a single semiflexible ring in linear chain matrix based on a coarse-grained model using the molecular dynamics simulation approach. We found that that ring chains’ hollow centers are frequently filled with linear chains. However, as the rigidity of the linear chains increases, the linear chains arranged parallel to each other and the ring chain are temporary caged. As a result, the swing movement in the normal direction of the ring is significantly limited, and the relaxation time in the normal direction increases significantly. Our findings can help to understand the physical mechanism of the movement of the ring chain in ring–linear polymer blends at the microscopic level.
Designing a Graphene Metasurface Organic Material Sensor for Detection of Organic Compounds in Wastewater
Authors: Aliqab Khaled , Wekalao Jacob , Alsharari Meshari , Armghan Ammar , Agravat Dhruvik , Patel Shobhit K.
Published: July 2023

In many fields, such as environmental monitoring, food safety, and medical diagnostics, the identification of organic compounds is essential. It is crucial to create exceptionally sensitive and selective sensors for the detection of organic compounds in order to safeguard the environment and human health. Due to its outstanding electrical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics, the two-dimensional carbon substance graphene has recently attracted much attention for use in sensing applications. The purpose of this research is to create an organic material sensor made from graphene for the detection of organic substances like phenol, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, etc. Due to its high surface-to-volume ratio and potent interactions with organic molecules, graphene improves the sensor’s performance while the metasurface structure enables the design of highly sensitive and selective sensing elements. The suggested sensor is highly sensitive and accurate at detecting a broad spectrum of organic molecules, making it appropriate for a number of applications. The creation of this sensor has the potential to have a substantial impact on the field of organic sensing and increase the safety of food, medicine, and the environment. The graphene metasurface organic material sensor (GMOMS) was categorized into three types denoted as GMOMS1, GMOMS2, and GMOMS3 based on the specific application of the graphene chemical potential (GCP). In GMOMS1, GCP was applied on both the CSRR and CS surfaces. In GMOMS2, GCP was applied to the CS surface and the surrounding outer region of the CSRR. In GMOMS3, GCP was applied to the CSRR and the surrounding outer region of the CSRR surface. The results show that all three designs exhibit high relative sensitivity, with the maximum values ranging from 227 GHz/RIU achieved by GMOMS1 to 4318 GHz/RIU achieved by GMOMS3. The FOM values achieved for all the designs range from 2.038 RIU−1 achieved by GMOMS2 to 31.52 RIU−1 achieved by GMOMS3, which is considered ideal in this paper.
An Identity Recognition Model Based on RF-RFE: Utilizing Eye-Movement Data
Authors: Liu Xinyan , Ding Ning , Shi Jiguang , Sun Chang
Published: July 2023

Can eyes tell the truth? Can the analysis of human eye-movement data reveal psychological activities and uncover hidden information? Lying is a prevalent phenomenon in human society, but research has shown that people’s accuracy in identifying deceptive behavior is not significantly higher than chance-level probability. In this paper, simulated crime experiments were carried out to extract the eye-movement features of 83 participants while viewing crime-related pictures using an eye tracker, and the importance of eye-movement features through interpretable machine learning was analyzed. In the experiment, the participants were independently selected into three groups: innocent group, informed group, and crime group. In the test, the eye tracker was used to extract a total of five categories of eye-movement indexes within the area of interest (AOI), including the fixation time, fixation count, pupil diameter, saccade frequency, and blink frequency, and the differences in these indexes were analyzed. Building upon interpretable learning algorithms, further investigation was conducted to assess the contribution of these metrics. As a result, the RF-RFE suspect identification model was constructed, achieving a maximum accuracy rate of 91.7%. The experimental results further support the feasibility of utilizing eye-movement features to reveal inner psychological activities.
Building Information Modeling (BIM 6D) and Its Application to Thermal Loads Calculation in Retrofitting
Authors: Carrasco César A. , Lombillo Ignacio , Balbás Francisco Javier , Aranda José Ramón , Villalta Karla
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to propose optimal actions to improve the energy efficiency of large office buildings in tropical regions with cooling systems, while ensuring the users’ comfort at a reasonable cost. In tropical climates, the building envelope plays a crucial role in saving thermal energy as buildings are exposed to significant climatic impacts and require a significant amount of energy to achieve optimal indoor comfort conditions. In this context, BIM-3D simulation is considered to be effective since it can provide results very similar to those of its physical counterpart, which can be useful for decision making. For this purpose, a public building in Costa Rica is used as a case study, which is modeled in Revit 2019 to obtain a BIM-3D model and simulate its thermal behavior using the BIM tools of the referred software. The architectural characteristics are evaluated in the climatic context of the building, and results are simulated with different configured materials. The obtained results lead to the conclusion that simulation together the previous economic analysis is a valuable decision-making tool for design, enabling significant savings during construction and subsequent building use.
Impact of COVID-19 on Social and Psychological Well-Being of Workers in Construction Projects: A Comparative Analysis of Managers and Laborers
Authors: Olatoye Olugbemiga Emmanuel , Jang Youjin , Song Kwonsik , Ahn Joseph
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought challenges such as social distancing, health fears, reduced interaction, and increased stress for construction workers. Understanding their changing social and psychological states is crucial for effective management and performance. This study investigated the impact of the pandemic on the managers’ and laborers’ social and psychological well-being states and identified the changes in their social and psychological well-being states affecting project performance before and after the pandemic. Construction professionals, including construction managers, superintendents, and laborers, participated in a survey exploring thirteen social and psychological well-being variables and three performance variables. Data analysis involved paired t-tests and multiple regression. The findings revealed increased levels of anxiety and depression among both managers and laborers after the pandemic, with laborers more severely affected. Managers considered a broader range of variables, while laborers primarily focused on social factors influencing project performance. These disparities suggested that managers should prioritize health and safety measures, fair compensation, team cohesion, and stress management, while laborers’ motivation, work environment, knowledge acquisition, and sense of belonging should receive priority attention. This study contributes to providing managerial implications and guidance for improving the construction workforce, including managers’ and site laborers’ performance in the post-pandemic period.
Optimizing Energy-Saving Measures in New Residential Buildings Regarding Life-Cycle Costs
Authors: Hromádka Vít , Korytárová Jana , Federla Jakub , Veselý Alexej , Skalický Martin
Published: July 2023

This contribution is focused on the issue of the application of energy-saving measures in the construction of new residential properties and their optimal combinations with regard to the life-cycle costs of these buildings. The aim of the research is to create a methodological basis for considering the economic and financial impacts of various combinations of energy-saving measures, aiming at the optimization of these measures and the sustainability of developer projects. The research methodology is based on the principle of building life-cycle costs, which serve as a key criterion for the process of choosing the optimal combination of energy-saving measures and for comparing a conventional solution with an innovative solution including the application of energy-saving measures. The result of the research is the methodological approach for the design of technologically proven combinations of energy-saving measures, which will lead to optimization of the life-cycle costs with regard to the reference variant represented by a conventional solution. This approach is subsequently verified on three case studies of residential properties with a proposal for the optimal combination of energy-saving measures in the form of photovoltaic panels and a water-air heat pump. The added value of the paper consists of the possibility of optimizing the building construction project from the point of view of energy-saving measures already in the design phase.
Graphene Oxide: A Comparison of Reduction Methods
Authors: de Barros Natália Garrote , Gonzaga Neto Abel Cardoso , Vaccioli Kleber Bitencourt , Angulo Hugo Rafael Vallejo , de Andrade e Silva Leonardo Gondim , Toffoli Samuel Marcio , Valera Ticiane Sanches
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a comparison of traditional thermal and chemical reduction methods with more recent ionizing radiation reduction via gamma rays and electron beams (e-beams). For GO, all synthesis protocols were adapted to increase production scale and are a contribution of this work. The typical Raman D-band of the GO was prominent (ID/IG ratio increased sixfold). When comparing the GO reduction techniques, dramatic differences in efficiency and GO particle characteristics were observed. Although thermal and chemical reduction are effective reduction methods, as shown through the use of FTIR spectroscopy and the C/O ratio from EDS chemical analysis, the thermal process renders great weight losses, whereas chemical processing may involve the use of hazardous chemical compounds. On the other hand, comparing the gamma rays and e-beam for 80 kGy, the Raman spectra and chemical analysis suggested that the e-beam caused a greater GO reduction: C/O ratio from EDS of 5.4 and 4.1, respectively. In addition to being fast and effective, ionizing radiation reduction processes allow easier control of the reduction degree by adjusting the radiation dose. When the dose increased from 40 to 80 kGy, the Raman spectra and EDS showed that the ID/IG and C/O ratios increased by 15 and 116%, respectively.
The Role of Omentin-1 in Cancers Development and Progression
Authors: Dec Paweł , Poniewierska-Baran Agata , Modrzejewski Andrzej , Pawlik Andrzej
Published: July 2023

Adipose tissue serves as an energy store and is also an active endocrine organ, exerting activity that influences obesity-related processes through the production of regulatory proteins called adipokines or adipocytokines. Adipokines play important direct and indirect roles in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, the regulation of local and systemic inflammatory processes, and related metabolic complications. There have been an increasing number of studies showing the relationship between some adipokines and carcinogenesis. This work reviews the current literature concerning the effects of omentin-1 on carcinogenesis.
Surgery vs. Radiosurgery for Patients with Localized Metastatic Brain Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Fiore Giorgio , Tariciotti Leonardo , Bertani Giulio Andrea , Gagliano Dario , D’Ammando Antonio , Ampollini Antonella Maria , Schisano Luigi , Borsa Stefano , Pluderi Mauro , Locatelli Marco , Caroli Manuela
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To analyze the efficacy and safety of surgery compared to radiosurgery (RS), combined or not with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT), for localized metastatic brain disease. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. The inclusion criteria were limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared surgery and RS for patients with up to 3 metastases (median diameter ≤ 4 cm). The primary outcomes were represented by overall survival (OS) and local brain progression-free survival (PFS), with the rate of complications as a secondary outcome. The pooled estimates were calculated using random forest models. The risk of bias was evaluated using the RoB2 revised tool and the certainty of the evidence was assessed according to the GRADE guidelines. Results: In total, 11,256 records were identified through database and register searches. After study selection, 3 RCTs and 353 patients were included in the quantitative synthesis. Surgery and RS represented the main intervention arms in all the included RCTs. Conclusions: A low level of evidence suggests that RS alone and surgery followed by WBRT provide an equal rate of local brain PFS in patients with localized metastatic brain disease. There is a very low level of evidence that surgery and RS as main interventions offer equivalent OS in the population investigated. A reliable assessment of the complication rates among surgery and RS was not achievable. The lack of high-certainty evidence either for superiority or equivalence of these treatments emphasizes the need for further, more accurate, RCTs comparing surgery and RS as local treatment in patients with oligometastatic brain disease.
Endoscopic Management of Large Non-Pedunculated Colorectal Polyps
Authors: Cronin Oliver , Bourke Michael J.
Published: July 2023

Large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps ≥20 mm (LNPCPs) comprise approximately 1% of all colorectal polyps. LNPCPs more commonly contain high-grade dysplasia, covert and overt cancer. These lesions can be resected using several means, including conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), cold-snare EMR (C-EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). This review aimed to provide a comprehensive, critical and objective analysis of ER techniques. Evidence-based, selective resection algorithms should be used when choosing the most appropriate technique to ensure the safe and effective removal of LNPCPs. Due to its enhanced safety and comparable efficacy, there has been a paradigm shift towards cold-snare polypectomy (CSP) for the removal of small polyps (<10 mm). This technique is now being applied to the management of LNPCPs; however, further research is required to define the optimal LNPCP subtypes to target and the viable upper size limit. Adjuvant techniques, such as thermal ablation of the resection margin, significantly reduce recurrence risk. Bleeding risk can be mitigated using through-the-scope clips to close defects in the right colon. Endoscopic surveillance is important to detect recurrence and synchronous lesions. Recurrence can be readily managed using an endoscopic approach.
Correction: Rajabi et al. Efficient Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidines Using a Highly Ordered Mesoporous Functionalized Pyridinium Organosilica. Catalysts 2022, 12, 350
Authors: Rajabi Fatemeh , Sillanpää Mika , Len Christophe , Luque Rafael
Published: July 2023

In the original publication [...]
Insights into SnO2 Nanoparticles Supported on Fibrous Mesoporous Silica for CO Catalytic Oxidation
Authors: Li Guobo , Zhang Yingying , Yan Jie , Luo Yiwei , Wang Conghui , Feng Weiwei , Zhang Shule , Liu Wenming , Zhang Zehui , Peng Honggen
Published: July 2023

A large surface area dendritic mesoporous silica material (KCC-1) was successfully synthesized and used as a support to confine SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs). Owing to the large specific surface area and abundant mesoporous structure of dendritic KCC-1, the SnO2 NPs were highly dispersed, resulting in significantly improved CO catalytic oxidation activity. The obtained Snx/KCC-1 catalysts (x represents the mass fraction of SnO2 loading) exhibited excellent CO catalytic activity, with the Sn7@KCC-1 catalyst achieving 90% CO conversion at about 175 °C. The SnO2 NPs on the KCC-1 surface in a highly dispersed amorphous form, as well as the excellent interaction between SnO2 NPs and KCC-1, positively contributed to the catalytic removal process of CO on the catalyst surface. The CO catalytic removal pathway was established through a combination of in situ diffuse reflectance infrared transform spectroscopy and density-functional theory calculations, revealing the sequential steps: ① CO → CO32−ads, ② CO32−ads → CO2free+SnOx−1, ③ SnOx−1+O2 → SnOx+1. This study provides valuable insights into the design of high-efficiency non-precious metal catalysts for CO catalytic oxidation catalysts with high efficiency.
Pericyte Loss in Diseases
Authors: Li Pengfei , Fan Hongkuan
Published: July 2023

Pericytes are specialized cells located in close proximity to endothelial cells within the microvasculature. They play a crucial role in regulating blood flow, stabilizing vessel walls, and maintaining the integrity of the blood–brain barrier. The loss of pericytes has been associated with the development and progression of various diseases, such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, sepsis, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. This review examines the detection of pericyte loss in different diseases, explores the methods employed to assess pericyte coverage, and elucidates the potential mechanisms contributing to pericyte loss in these pathological conditions. Additionally, current therapeutic strategies targeting pericytes are discussed, along with potential future interventions aimed at preserving pericyte function and promoting disease mitigation.
Functional Analysis of Viable Circulating Tumor Cells from Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients Using TetherChip Technology
Authors: Vardas Vasileios , Ju Julia A. , Christopoulou Athina , Xagara Anastasia , Georgoulias Vassilis , Kotsakis Athanasios , Alix-Panabières Catherine , Martin Stuart S. , Kallergi Galatea
Published: July 2023

Metastasis, rather than the growth of the primary tumor, accounts for approximately 90% of breast cancer patient deaths. Microtentacles (McTNs) formation represents an important mechanism of metastasis. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype with limited targeted therapies. The present study aimed to isolate viable circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and functionally analyze them in response to drug treatment. CTCs from 20 TNBC patients were isolated and maintained in culture for 5 days. Biomarker expression was identified by immunofluorescence staining and VyCap analysis. Vinorelbine-induced apoptosis was evaluated based on the detection of M30-positive cells. Our findings revealed that the CTC absolute number significantly increased using TetherChips analysis compared to the number of CTCs in patients’ cytospins (p = 0.006) providing enough tumor cells for drug evaluation. Vinorelbine treatment (1 h) on live CTCs led to a significant induction of apoptosis (p = 0.010). It also caused a significant reduction in Detyrosinated α-tubulin (GLU), programmed death ligand (PD-L1)-expressing CTCs (p < 0.001), and disruption of McTNs. In conclusion, this pilot study offers a useful protocol using TetherChip technology for functional analysis and evaluation of drug efficacy in live CTCs, providing important information for targeting metastatic dissemination at a patient-individualized level.
Microglia–Astrocyte Interaction in Neural Development and Neural Pathogenesis
Authors: Sun Meiqi , You Hongli , Hu Xiaoxuan , Luo Yujia , Zhang Zixuan , Song Yiqun , An Jing , Lu Haixia
Published: July 2023

The interaction between microglia and astrocytes exhibits a relatively balanced state in order to maintain homeostasis in the healthy central nervous system (CNS). Disease stimuli alter microglia–astrocyte interaction patterns and elicit cell-type-specific responses, resulting in their contribution to various pathological processes. Here, we review the similarities and differences in the activation modes between microglia and astrocytes in various scenarios, encompassing different stages of neural development and a wide range of neural disorders. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of their roles in neural development and regeneration and guiding new strategies for restoring CNS homeostasis.
IL-18 Signaling in the Rat Central Amygdala Is Disrupted in a Comorbid Model of Post-Traumatic Stress and Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Borgonetti Vittoria , Cruz Bryan , Vozella Valentina , Khom Sophia , Steinman Michael Q. , Bullard Ryan , D’Ambrosio Shannon , Oleata Christopher S. , Vlkolinsky Roman , Bajo Michal , Zorrilla Eric P. , Kirson Dean , Roberto Marisa
Published: July 2023

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and anxiety disorders are frequently comorbid and share dysregulated neuroimmune-related pathways. Here, we used our established rat model of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)/AUD to characterize the interleukin 18 (IL-18) system in the central amygdala (CeA). Male and female rats underwent novel (NOV) and familiar (FAM) shock stress, or no stress (unstressed controls; CTL) followed by voluntary alcohol drinking and PTSD-related behaviors, then all received renewed alcohol access prior to the experiments. In situ hybridization revealed that the number of CeA positive cells for Il18 mRNA increased, while for Il18bp decreased in both male and female FAM stressed rats versus CTL. No changes were observed in Il18r1 expression across groups. Ex vivo electrophysiology showed that IL-18 reduced GABAA-mediated miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) frequencies in CTL, suggesting reduced CeA GABA release, regardless of sex. Notably, this presynaptic effect of IL-18 was lost in both NOV and FAM males, while it persisted in NOV and FAM females. IL-18 decreased mIPSC amplitude in CTL female rats, suggesting postsynaptic effects. Overall, our results suggest that stress in rats with alcohol access impacts CeA IL-18-system expression and, in sex-related fashion, IL-18′s modulatory function at GABA synapses.
A Microenvironment-Related Nine-Gene Signature May Predict Survival in Mycosis Fungoides Patients at Diagnosis
Authors: Alberti-Violetti Silvia , Sapienza Maria Rosaria , Del Corvo Marcello , Melle Federica , Motta Giovanna , Venegoni Luigia , Cerroni Lorenzo , Cota Carlo , Pileri Alessandro , Berti Emilio , Pileri Stefano A.
Published: July 2023

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common cutaneous lymphoma characterized by an indolent course. Prognosis is stage-based but this approach does not reflect the different outcomes within stages. Considering that tumor microenvironment is known to be involved in MF pathogenesis and progression, we decided to investigate 99 MF cases by using the PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel. We identified and validated a signature of 9 genes able to predict MF survival and distinguish a high-risk group with a worse outcome from a low-risk group of cases with a better outcome. At the molecular level, low-risk vs. high-risk cases reported a global upregulation of immune genes, enriched in cytokines, and a higher density of dendritic cells and mast cells, possibly associated with a more favorable clinical course.