bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percepção corporal e atividade física em uma coorte de adultos jovens brasileiros
Authors: Ciampo Luiz Antonio Del , Rodrigues Dalma Maria Silva , Ciampo Ieda Regina Lopes Del , Cardoso Viviane Cunha , Bettiol Heloisa , Barbieri Marco Antonio
Published: May 2016

OBJETIVO: analisar as relações entre percepção corporal, peso referido, peso aferido e atividade física entre adultos jovens da cidade de Ribeirão Preto (SP). MÉTODO: estudo de uma coorte de indivíduos nascidos entre 1978-1979, classificados segundo sexo, nível de escolaridade, índice de massa corporal e grau de atividade física, avaliado pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTADOS: foram avaliados 2035 indivíduos (51,8% do sexo feminino) dos quais 1727 (84,8%) referiram ter estudado mais de nove anos. Tanto a média de peso (77,6 ± 15 kg) quanto de índice de massa corporal (25 ± 4,4 kg/m²) foram superiores para o sexo masculino. Quanto à classificação da percepção corporal, 81,6% das mulheres superestimaram o peso corporal e 78,2% dos homens o subestimaram. Entre todos os indivíduos que subestimaram o peso corporal, 92,3% tinham grau de escolaridade superior a nove anos. Os indivíduos que superestimaram o peso foram os que menos desenvolveram atividade física (58,6%). Nos grupos dos indivíduos que consideraram o peso adequado ou o superestimaram, 48,3% e 51,2%, respectivamente, foram classificados como ativos ou muito ativos. CONCLUSÃO: índice de massa corporal e atividade física contribuíram para melhor avaliação do próprio peso, enquanto que o sexo feminino e o maior grau de escolaridade relacionaram-se diretamente com a distorção da autopercepção, com tendência a superestimar o próprio peso.
Início da vida sexual de adolescentes da Ilha de Santiago, Cabo Verde - África Ocidental
Authors: Tavares Carlos Mendes , Kanikadan Paula Yuri Sugishita , Alencar Airlane Pereira , Schor Néia
Published: May 2016

OBJETIVO: estimar a idade de início da atividade sexual de adolescentes e sua associação com fatores sócio-demográficos. MÉTODO: estudo transversal, realizado entre janeiro e março de 2007, com amostra de 368 adolescentes de 13 a 17 anos de idade, sexualmente ativos, provenientes de oito escolas secundárias públicas da Ilha de Santiago, Cabo Verde, escolhidas aleatoriamente. Na análise das variáveis, foi ajustado um modelo de regressão múltipla para variável ordinal com função de ligação probit, considerando-se nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: entre os 368 adolescentes, 31,5% (116) eram meninas e 68,5% (252) meninos. Houve maior freqüência de iniciação sexual protegida entre os jovens que se iniciaram sexualmente com idade mais avançada (16 e 17 anos). A iniciação feminina foi mais tardia do que a masculina e rapazes mais novos (13 anos) relataram o início da vida sexual a partir de dez anos de idade. Após análise múltipla, quatro fatores permaneceram significativamente associados à idade do início da vida sexual no sexo feminino: idade, morar em casa alugada, não estar namorando no período da entrevista e menarca. Para o masculino foram: idade, não estar namorando no período da entrevista e interação entre idade e não namorar. CONCLUSÕES: a maior freqüência de iniciação sexual protegida ocorre entre os jovens que se iniciaram sexualmente com idade mais avançada. Todavia, a influência de morar em casa própria ou cedida e de parceria afetivo-sexual no início da vida sexual revela que a necessidade de ações de prevenção sejam direcionadas para segmentos com piores condições sócio-econômicas e para adolescentes que não namoram.
Excesso de peso em pré-escolares: análise de uma intervenção possível
Authors: Nascimento Viviane Gabriela , Salvador Emanuel Péricles , Silva Janaína Paula Costa da , Bertoli Ciro João , Blake Marcia De Toledo , Leone Claudio
Published: May 2016

INTRODUÇÃO: a obesidade vem aumentando progressivamente na infância. Em resposta a essa tendência, diversas instituições têm realizado programas de prevenção à obesidade infantil. OBJETIVO: elaborar um projeto de intervenção voltado para a prevenção do excesso de peso de crianças de 2 e 3 anos de idade de creches públicas e analisar a viabilidade de sua implantação. MÉTODO: foram sorteadas probabilisticamente nove creches: quatro compondo a amostra objeto da intervenção e cinco para o grupo sem intervenção. Realizaram-se observações sistematizadas para reconhecimento da rotina de alimentação e de atividades físicas nas creches, a partir das quais se delineou e implantou uma intervenção. Foi pré-estabelecido que a intervenção devesse ser simples, de baixo custo, praticamente não elevar a carga de trabalho local e resultar num processo participativo. RESULTADOS: a alimentação era programada pela empresa de merenda escolar terceirizada pela Prefeitura, que oferecia porções superdimensionadas. As atividades físicas eram restritas e sem programação regular. A intervenção nutricional adequou às porções oferecidas no almoço, inclusive evitando a repetição da refeição. Para as atividades físicas, estabeleceu-se que seriam diárias, com 30 minutos de duração e de elevado gasto energético. Todas as alterações foram elaboradas e implantadas com participação efetiva do pessoal das creches em, no máximo, 12 semanas. CONCLUSÃO: é possível elaborar e implantar uma intervenção simples, feita sob medida para a realidade local de creches, visando a melhoria do estado nutricional das crianças em idade pré-escolar.
Poluentes ambientais e chance de internações por asma em crianças - São José dos Campos, Brasil, nos anos 2004-2005
Authors: Amancio Camila Trolez , Nascimento Luiz Fernando Costa , Amancio Thiago Trolez
Published: May 2016

OBJETIVO: estimar a associação entre exposição a poluentes atmosféricos e internações por asma brônquica MÉTODO: trata-se de um estudo ecológico de séries temporais, que incluiu indivíduos de 0 a 10 anos residentes de São José dos Campos, para o período de 2004 e 2005. Os dados das internações por asma foram obtidos do DATASUS. Os dados de níveis ambientais de material particulado, dióxido de enxofre e ozônio foram obtidos da Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental (CETESB) e de temperatura e umidade da Fundação de Ciência, Aplicações e Tecnologia Espaciais (FUNCATE). Foram feitos modelos de defasagem de 0 a 7 dias e analisados por regressão logística binária, obtendo-se as odds ratio e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%, pelo SPSS 15.0. RESULTADOS: houve 809 internações com variações diárias de 0 a 7. Foi possível identificar associação do material particulado tanto no mesmo dia da exposição quanto nos próximos três, quinto e sexto dias com as internações; o dióxido de enxofre esteve associado às internações no primeiro, segundo e terceiro dias após a exposição e o ozônio no terceiro dia após a exposição ao gás. Dessa maneira, esse estudo mostrou associação entre poluentes atmosféricos e internações por asma numa cidade de porte médio.
Morphometric variation of extant platyrrhine molars: taxonomic implications for fossil platyrrhines
Authors: Nova Delgado Mónica , Galbany Jordi , Pérez-Pérez Alejandro
Published: May 2016

The phylogenetic position of many fossil platyrrhines with respect to extant ones is not yet clear. Two main hypotheses have been proposed: thelayeredorsuccessive radiationshypothesis suggests that Patagonian fossils are Middle Miocene stem platyrrhines lacking modern descendants, whereas thelong lineagehypothesis argues for an evolutionary continuity of all fossil platyrrhines with the extant ones. Our geometric morphometric analysis of a 15 landmark-based configuration of platyrrhines’ first and second lower molars suggest that morphological stasis may explain the reduced molar shape variation observed. Platyrrhine lower molar shape might be a primitive retention of the ancestral state affected by strong ecological constraints throughout the radiation of the main platyrrhine families. The Patagonian fossil specimens showed two distinct morphological patterns of lower molars,Callicebus—like andSaguinus—like, which might be the precursors of the extant forms, whereas the Middle Miocene specimens, though showing morphological resemblances with the Patagonian fossils, also displayed new, derived molar patterns,Alouatta—like andPitheciinae—like, thereby suggesting that despite the overall morphological stasis of molars, phenotypic diversification of molar shape was already settled during the Middle Miocene.
A review and phylogeny of Scarabaeine dung beetle fossils (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), with the description of twoCanthochilumspecies from Dominican amber
Authors: Tarasov Sergei , Vaz-de-Mello Fernando Z. , Krell Frank-Thorsten , Dimitrov Dimitar
Published: May 2016

Despite the increasing rate of systematic research on scarabaeine dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), their fossil record has remained largely unrevised. In this paper, we review all 33 named scarabaeine fossils and describe two new species from Dominican amber (Canthochilum allenisp.n.,Canthochilum philipsivieorumsp.n.). We provide a catalogue of all fossil Scarabaeinae and evaluate their assignment to this subfamily, based primarily on the original descriptions but also, where possible, by examining the type specimens. We suggest that only 21 fossil taxa can be reliably assigned to the Scarabaeinae, while the remaining 14 should be treated as doubtful Scarabaeinae. The doubtful scarabaeines include the two oldest dung beetle fossils known from the Cretaceous and we suggest excluding them from any assessments of the minimum age of scarabaeine dung beetles. The earliest reliably described scarabaeine fossil appears to beLobateuchus parisii, known from Oise amber (France), which shifts the minimum age of the Scarabaeinae to the Eocene (53 Ma). We scored the best-preserved fossils, namelyLobateuchusand the twoCanthochilumspecies described herein, into the character matrix used in a recent morphology-based study of dung beetles, and then inferred their phylogenetic relationships with Bayesian and parsimony methods. All analyses yielded consistent phylogenies where the two fossilCanthochilumare placed in a clade with the extant species ofCanthochilum, andLobateuchusis recovered in a clade with the extant generaAteuchusandAphengium. Additionally, we evaluated the distribution of dung beetle fossils in the light of current global dung beetle phylogenetic hypotheses, geological time and biogeography. The presence of only extant genera in the late Oligocene and all later records suggests that the main present-day dung beetle lineages had already been established by the late Oligocene–mid Miocene.
Selenium uptake, tolerance and reduction inFlammulina velutipessupplied with selenite
Authors: Wang Jipeng , Wang Bo , Zhang Dan , Wu Yanhong
Published: May 2016

Recently, selenium (Se) enriched mushrooms have been exploited as dietary Se supplements, but our knowledge of the metabolic process during the Se enrichment process is far from complete. In this study, the uptake, tolerance and reduction of selenite in a widely cultivated mushroom,Flammulina velutipes, was investigated. The results showed that pH variation (from 5.5–7.5), metabolic inhibitor (0.1 mM 2,4-DNP) and P or S starvation led to 11–26% decreases in the selenite uptake rate ofF. velutipes. This indicates that a minor portion of the selenite uptake was metabolism dependent, whereas a carrier-facilitated passive transport may be crucial. Growth inhibition ofF. velutipesinitiated at 0.1 mM selenite (11% decrease in the growth rate) and complete growth inhibition occurred at 3 mM selenite. A selenite concentration of 0.03–0.1 mM was recommended to maintain the balance between mycelium production and Se enrichment.F. velutipeswas capable of reducing selenite to elemental Se [Se(0)] including Se(0) nanoparticles, possibly as a detoxification mechanism. This process depended on both selenite concentration and metabolism activity. Overall, the data obtained provided some basic information for the cultivation of the selenizedF. velutipes, and highlighted the opportunity of using mushrooms for the production of Se(0) nanoparticles.
Neuromuscular interaction is required for neurotrophins-mediated locomotor recovery following treadmill training in rat spinal cord injury
Authors: Wu Qinfeng , Cao Yana , Dong Chuanming , Wang Hongxing , Wang Qinghua , Tong Weifeng , Li Xiangzhe , Shan Chunlei , Wang Tong
Published: May 2016

Recent results have shown that exercise training promotes the recovery of injured rat distal spinal cords, but are still unclear about the function of skeletal muscle in this process. Herein, rats with incomplete thoracic (T10) spinal cord injuries (SCI) with a dual spinal lesion model were subjected to four weeks of treadmill training and then were treated with complete spinal transection at T8. We found that treadmill training retained hind limb motor function after incomplete SCI, even with a heavy load after complete spinal transection. Moreover, treadmill training alleviated the secondary injury in distal lumbar spinal motor neurons, and enhanced BDNF/TrkB expression in the lumbar spinal cord. To discover the influence of skeletal muscle contractile activity on motor function and gene expression, we adopted botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) to block the neuromuscular activity of the rat gastrocnemius muscle. BTX-A treatment inhibited the effects of treadmill training on motor function and BDNF/TrKB expression. These results indicated that treadmill training through the skeletal muscle-motor nerve-spinal cord retrograde pathway regulated neuralplasticity in the mammalian central nervous system, which induced the expression of related neurotrophins and promoted motor function recovery.
Satellite estimates of net community production based on O2/Ar observations and comparison to other estimates
Authors: Li Zuchuan , Cassar Nicolas
Published: May 2016

We present two statistical algorithms for predicting global oceanic net community production (NCP) from satellite observations. To calibrate these two algorithms, we compiled a large data set of in situ O2/Ar‐NCP and remotely sensed observations, including sea surface temperature (SST), net primary production (NPP), phytoplankton size composition, and inherent optical properties. The first algorithm is based on genetic programming (GP) which simultaneously searches for the optimal form and coefficients of NCP equations. We find that several GP solutions are consistent with NPP and SST being strong predictors of NCP. The second algorithm uses support vector regression (SVR) to optimize a numerical relationship between O2/Ar‐NCP measurements and satellite observations. Both statistical algorithms can predict NCP relatively well, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.68 for GP and 0.72 for SVR, which is comparable to other algorithms in the literature. However, our new algorithms predict more spatially uniform annual NCP distribution for the world's oceans and higher annual NCP values in the Southern Ocean and the five oligotrophic gyres.
Are mangroves drivers or buffers of coastal acidification? Insights from alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon export estimates across a latitudinal transect
Authors: Sippo James Z. , Maher Damien T. , Tait Douglas R. , Holloway Ceylena , Santos Isaac R.
Published: May 2016

Mangrove forests are hot spots in the global carbon cycle, yet the fate for a majority of mangrove net primary production remains unaccounted for. The relative proportions of alkalinity and dissolved CO2 [CO2*] within the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) exported from mangroves is unknown, and therefore, the effect of mangrove DIC exports on coastal acidification remains unconstrained. Here we measured dissolved inorganic carbon parameters over complete tidal and diel cycles in six pristine mangrove tidal creeks covering a 26° latitudinal gradient in Australia and calculated the exchange of DIC, alkalinity, and [CO2*] between mangroves and the coastal ocean. We found a mean DIC export of 59 mmol m−2 d−1 across the six systems, ranging from import of 97 mmol m−2 d−1 to an export of 85 mmol m−2 d−1. If the Australian transect is representative of global mangroves, upscaling our estimates would result in global DIC exports of 3.6 ± 1.1 Tmol C yr−1, which accounts for approximately one third of the previously unaccounted for mangrove carbon sink. Alkalinity exchange ranged between an import of 1.2 mmol m−2 d−1 and an export of 117 mmol m−2 d−1 with an estimated global export of 4.2 ± 1.3 Tmol yr−1. A net import of free CO2 was estimated (−11.4 ± 14.8 mmol m−2 d−1) and was equivalent to approximately one third of the air‐water CO2 flux (33.1 ± 6.3 mmol m−2 d−1). Overall, the effect of DIC and alkalinity exports created a measurable localized increase in coastal ocean pH. Therefore, mangroves may partially counteract coastal acidification in adjacent tropical waters.
Relative roles of anthropogenic aerosols and greenhouse gases in land and oceanic monsoon changes during past 156 years in CMIP5 models
Authors: Zhang Lei , Li Tim
Published: May 2016

Relative roles of anthropogenic aerosols (AAs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) in land and oceanic monsoon changes during boreal summer over the period 1850–2005 in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models are explored. It is found that the GHG effect dominates rainfall trend over oceanic monsoon region. As a result, precipitation over western North Pacific (WNP) monsoon region and Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) over tropical eastern Pacific are strengthened through the so‐called “richest‐get‐richer” mechanism. Over land monsoon region, GHG and AA effects are different over India and East Asia (EA). The two effects tend to offset each other over India, but the AA effect dominates over EA and induces a drying trend. The weakened effect of GHGs on EA is attributed to the large offset of thermodynamic and dynamic effects associated with GHGs. While the former tends to strengthen EA rainfall through increased moisture, the latter tends to decrease EA rainfall due to the strengthened WNP monsoon impact.
Ice‐nucleating particle emissions from biomass combustion and the potential importance of soot aerosol
Authors: Levin E. J. T. , McMeeking G. R. , DeMott P. J. , McCluskey C. S. , Carrico C. M. , Nakao S. , Jayarathne T. , Stone E. A. , Stockwell C. E. , Yokelson R. J. , Kreidenweis S. M.
Published: May 2016

Ice‐nucleating particles (INPs) are required for initial ice crystal formation in clouds at temperatures warmer than about −36°C and thus play a crucial role in cloud and precipitation formation. Biomass burning has been found to be a source of INPs in previous studies and is also a major contributor to atmospheric black carbon (BC) concentrations. This study focuses on isolating the BC contribution to the INP population associated with biomass combustion. Emissions of condensation mode INPs from a number of globally relevant biomass fuels were measured at −30°C and above water saturation as fires progressed from ignition to extinguishment in a laboratory setting. Number emissions of INPs were found to be highest during intense flaming combustion (modified combustion efficiency > 0.95). Overall, combustion emissions from 13 of 22 different biomass fuel types produced measurable INP concentrations for at least one replicate experiment. On average, all burns that produced measureable INPs had higher combustion efficiency, which is associated with higher BC emissions, than those that did not produce measureable INPs. Across all burns that produced measureable INPs, concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 10 cm−3, and the median emission factor was about 2 × 107 INPs per kilogram of fuel burned. For a subset of the burns, the contribution of refractory black carbon (rBC) to INP concentrations was determined by removing rBC via laser‐induced incandescence. Reductions in INPs of 0–70% were observed, indicating an important contribution of rBC particles to INP concentrations for some burns, especially marsh grasses.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHORUS‐31 NMR SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF A4B3 MOLECULES
Authors: BLACHNIK R. , WICKEL U. , SCHMITT P.
Published: May 2016

31P‐NMR‐ Daten von I6 Molekülen aus den Reihen (I)‐(III) werden mitgeteilt.
ChemInform Abstract: A REMARKABLE ALKALI‐METAL‐CENTERED ZIRCONIUM CLUSTER IN POTASSIUM HEXAZIRCONIUM TETRADECAIODIDE (ZR6I14K). SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: SMITH J. D. , CORBETT J. D.
Published: May 2016

Sublimienes Kl,Zrl4 (K: l, l′:l4) und ein großer Überschuß an reaktorreinen Zr‐Streifen wurden in einem Ta‐Behälter 4‐6 Wochen lang in einem Temp.‐Gradienten von 840‐860°C erhitzt.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF IRON OXIDE/N‐SILICON HETEROJUNCTION ELECTRODES WITH AN OUTER PALLADIUM LAYER
Authors: OSAKA T. , EJIRI K. , HIROTA N.
Published: May 2016

Durch Oxidation von aufgedampftem Fe (400 Å) erhaltene Fe3O3/n‐Si‐Photoelektroden zeigten bei einer Pd‐Aufdampfung (I00 Å) Verstärkung des Photostroms und eine günstige Verschiebung des Onset‐Potentials auf ‐ 0.36 V (Hg‐HgO) in 0.2 M KOH.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDE ION CONDUCTING SOLID ELECTROLYTES AND THEIR POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS. 41. PROPERTIES OF THE MIXED CONDUCTOR ZIRCONIUM YTTERBIUM URANIUM OXIDE (ZR0.75YB0.18U0.07O1.91+Δ)
Authors: SHUK P. , SCHMIDT P. , RUHLE R. , JACOBS S. , MOEBIUS H.‐H. +
Published: May 2016

Oxidionenleitende Festelektrolyte und ihre Anwendungsmöglichkeiten.
ChemInform Abstract: ANALYSIS OF PHASES IN THE CALCIUM FLUORIDE‐ALUMINUM FLUORIDE SYSTEM
Authors: KRAUSS M. , EHRT D. , HEIDE K. , VOGEL W.
Published: May 2016

Kristallisationen beim Abschrecken von Schmelzen des Titelsystems wurden im Hinblick auf den Einsatz von Fluoroaluminatgläsern ( u.a. als evtl. Ir‐Wellenleiter und Lasergläser) untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFUR CHEMISTRY IN EQUIMOLAR SODIUM HYDROXIDE‐WATER MELT. I. ELECTROCHEMICAL L OXIDATION OF SODIUM SULFIDE
Authors: MOSCARDO‐LEVELUT M. N. , PLICHON V.
Published: May 2016

Die beiden anodischen Stufen der Sul?doxidation an einer Au‐Elektrode werden in dem stark alkalischen Milieu der äquimolaren NaOH/HzO‐Schmelze bei 100 und l40°C mit Hilfe voltammetrischer Methoden und Elektrolyse in Verbindung mit UV‐Spektrophotometrie untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFUR CHEMISTRY IN EQUIMOLAR SODIUM HYDROXIDE‐WATER MELT. II. CHEMICAL REACTIONS BETWEEN SULFUR, SULFIDE, POLYSULFIDES, AND OXYANIONS
Authors: MOSCARDO‐LEVELUT M. N. , PLICHON V.
Published: May 2016

Voltammetrische und UV‐spektrophotometrische Untersuchungen bei I00°C zeigen, daß die Disproportionierung von Schwefel in der Schmelze schnell und quantitativ gemäß Reaktion Aerfolgt.
ChemInform Abstract: DEPOSITION AND STRIPPING OF MERCURY AT GOLD ELECTRODES IN ACIDIC MEDIA. I. VOLTAMMETRIC STUDIES
Authors: SCHADEWALD L. A. , LINDSTROM T. R. , HUSSEIN W. , EVENSON E. E. , JOHNSON D. C.
Published: May 2016

Auf der Oberfläche einer Au‐Elektrode kann in sauren Medien Hg(O) nur bis zu einer Bedeckung von BH", = 1 existieren.
ChemInform Abstract: A MOESSBAUER SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF RUST FORMED DURING SIMULATED ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION
Authors: LEIDHEISER H. JUN. , CZAKO‐NAGY I.
Published: May 2016

Unter 100% relativer Feuchtigkeit und Impfung der Oberflächen mit 0.0l N‐Lösungen von NaCl, Na3SO4, LiCl oder CsCl wurden γ‐FeOOH und Ferrihydrit (wasserhaltiges Fe‐oxid) auf Stahlproben gebildet.
ChemInform Abstract: THE INFLUENCE OF YTTRIUM, ZIRCONIUM OR TITANIUM ADDITIONS ON THE HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION RESISTANCE OF IRON‐NICKEL‐CHROMIUM‐ALUMINUM ALLOYS OF VARIABLE PURITY
Authors: LAGRANGE M. H. , HUNTZ A. M. , DAVIDSON J. H.
Published: May 2016

Für austenitische Fe‐37Ni‐ 2OCr‐5Al‐Proben (Gew.‐%) wurde der Einfluß geringer Zusätze oder Verunreinigungen (bes.
ChemInform Abstract: XPS AND SIMS STUDIES ON THE SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF A MANGANESE‐IRON CATALYST
Authors: BENECKE W. , FELLER H. G. , RALEK M.
Published: May 2016

Mn/Fe‐Katalysatoren (Mn/Fe 6) zeichnen sich bei der Fischer‐ Tropsch‐Synthese′durch hohe Olefin‐Selektivität aus.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF HETEROPOLY ELECTROLYTES: THE 1:12 TUNGSTATES
Authors: DIMOTIKALI D. , PAPACONSTANTINOU E.
Published: May 2016

Für Heteropolywolframate mit Keggin‐Struktur wurde in wäßrigen Lösungen (0.1 M HClO4) die Reihenfolge PWÜOQJ SiW,3O3"′ Few"o3"‐ H3W"O2"′ für die Emp‐ findlichkeit gegenüber Photoreduktion in Gegenwart organischer Reagentien ermittelt.
ChemInform Abstract: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF IN SITU ALUMINUM SULFIDE PREPARATION IN MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE‐SODIUM CHLORIDE‐POTASSIUM CHLORIDE EUTECTIC MELT
Authors: HSU C. C.
Published: May 2016

Zum Problem einer energie‐/kostensparenden AI‐Erzeugung durch Al2S3‐Reduktion wird die Al3S3‐Gewinnung in einem Salzschmelzen‐Reaktor bei AI3O3‐Zugabe und COS‐Durchleitung untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: RENF4.REF5(NCL), A NITRIDO NITRENE COMPLEX OF RHENIUM(VII)
Authors: KAFITZ W. , DEHNICKE K. , SCHWEDA E. , STRAEHLE J. +
Published: May 2016

ReNF4 · ReF5(NCl) , ein Nitrido‐Nitreno‐Komplex von Rhenium(VII) wird durch direkte Fluorierung von ReNCl4 gemäß Gleichung A in Form roter, extrem feuchtigkeitsempfindlicher Kristalle dargestellt (Ausb.‐Angaben in g).
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND VIBRATIONAL SPECTRA OF FLUOROCHLOROOSMATES(IV) INCLUDING STEREOISOMERS
Authors: PREETZ W. , RUF D. , TENSFELDT D.
Published: May 2016

Schrittweiser oxidativer Ligandenaustausch an [OsC i613′ mit BrF3 liefert die Fluoro‐Chloro‐Osmate [OsF"C16‐"]3′, n: l‐5, von denen die Spezies mit n: 2, 3, 4 cis‐Konfiguration besitzen.
ChemInform Abstract: MODEL COMPOUNDS FOR RHODOPSIN AND BACTERIORHODOPSIN: SYNTHESIS, AND PROTON AND CARBON‐13 NMR STUDY
Authors: RABILLER C. , DANHO D.
Published: May 2016

Als Modellsubstanzen für die Titelverbindungen (zur NMR‐ Untersuchung der Protein/Retinalbindung) werden aus dem Retinal (Ia) [und analog aus (lb)] mit entsprechenden Aminosäureestern (II) die lmine (III) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: MOLYBDENUM‐95 NMR MEASUREMENTS OF DIOXOMOLYBDENUM(VI) COMPLEXES. 3. INVERSE HALOGEN DEPENDENCE OF MOLYBDENUM CHEMICAL SHIFT OF (MOO2)2+ COMPLEXES
Authors: MINELLI M. , YAMANOUCHI K. , ENEMARK J. H. , SUBRAMANIAN P. , KAUL B. B. , SPENCE J. T.
Published: May 2016

"M0 NMR Measurements of Dioxomo ybdenum(VI) Complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: MAGNETIC INTERACTIONS IN COPPER COMPLEXES OF TETRADENTATE BINUCLEATING PHTHALAZINE LIGANDS. CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF BINUCLEAR μ‐HYDROXO‐BRIDGED COPPER(II) COMPLEXES OF 1,4‐BIS(2‐PYRIDYLAMINO)PHTHALAZINE AND 1,4‐BIS((4‐METHYL‐2‐PYRIDYL)AMINO)PHTHALAZINE
Authors: THOMPSON L. K. , HANSON A. W. , RAMASWAMY B. S.
Published: May 2016

Die Komplexe (I) und (II) kristallisieren beide mit Z=4 in der RG P2,/ a. Durch Veränderung der anionischen Brücken können in der Serie der dreifachverbrückten Verbindungen dieses Typs die Dimensionen des Zweikern‐Zentrums variiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: REEXAMINATION OF A CYTOCHROME OXIDASE MODEL. A NONCOUPLED IRON‐COPPER BINUCLEAR COMPLEX
Authors: BREWER G. A. , SINN E.
Published: May 2016

Der Titelkomplex, für den früher eine Struktur mit einer 2,2′‐Bipyrimidin‐Brücke zwischen Fe und Cu vorgeschlagen wurde, hat nach einer Röntgenanalyse die Struktur (I) (RG P21/n, Z=4) und kann als mögliches Modell für Cytochrom Oxidase angesehen werden.
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISM OF ONE‐ELECTRON ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTIVE CLEAVAGE REACTIONS OF SULFONIUM SALTS
Authors: SAEVA F. D. , MORGAN B. P.
Published: May 2016

Für die irreversible Titelreaktion der Sulfoniumionen (I) ′ergeben sich Peak‐Potentiale, die einen ausgeprägten Gang mit der Elektronegativität der entstehenden Radikale zeigen, wobei die Abweichungen bis zu l.4V betragen.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIMETHYLSILYLATED N‐ALKYL‐SUBSTITUTED CARBAMATES. II. ALCOHOLYSIS OF TRIMETHYLSILYL N,N‐DIMETHYLCARBAMATE
Authors: KNAUSZ D. , MESZTICZKY A. , SZAKACS L. , CSAKVARI B.
Published: May 2016

Die Reaktion von Trimethylsilyl‐N,N‐dintethylcarbamat (I) mit dem sterisch gehinderten Alkohol (II) wird kinetisch untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMISTRY OF THE CONANT‐SWAN FRAGMENTATION: THE ABSENCE OF A PHENONIUM ION INTERMEDIATE
Authors: CALVO K. C. , BERG J. M.
Published: May 2016

Aus einem 2.5:1‐Diastereomerengemisch läßt sich das (lR,2S)‐Phosphonat (II) als Hauptbestandteil durch selektive Kristallisation abtrennen (RG: P2,2,2" Z=4), das RR/SS‐Diastereomer jedoch nicht.
ChemInform Abstract: THE IMPORTANCE OF STERIC BULK AND ACIDITY IN SOLVOLYSIS. THE MECHANISM OF SOLVOLYSIS OF 1‐ADAMANTYL BROMIDE
Authors: MCMANUS S. P. , ZUTAUT S. E.
Published: May 2016

Die Solvolyse von 1‐Bromadamantan (I) wird in binären protischen Lösungsmittelgemischen (II)/(III) untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIRANYLCARBINYL REARRANGEMENT: THE EFFECT OF PRECURSOR STEREOCHEMISTRY
Authors: CLARK G. R.
Published: May 2016

Die Solvolyse der isomeren Epoxy‐mesylate (I), (IV), (VI) und (VIII), deren Synthesen aus A‐l(lO)‐2‐Octalon angegeben sind, wird in Methanol (II) untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: A THERMAL INTRAMOLECULAR (2 + 2)‐CYCLOADDITION OF AN ALLENYLALLYLBENZENE; SYNTHESIS OF ALLENYLBENZENES VIA ACID‐CATALYZED DIENOL‐BENZENE REARRANGEMENT
Authors: SUMMERMATTER W. , HEIMGARTNER H.
Published: May 2016

Ausgehend von der Reaktion zwischen den Phenolen (I) und dem Alkin (II) werden über die Stufe der Dienone (III) die gewünschten Allenylbenzole (VII) synthetisiert, wobei jeweils die im Formelschema aufgeführten Nebenprodukte anfallen.
ChemInform Abstract: ESR OF INTERMEDIATE RADICALS IN THERMOLYSIS MECHANISMS: PEROXIDIC PERFLUORO POLYETHERS
Authors: FAUCITANO A. , BUTTAFAVA A. , CAPORICCIO G. , VIOLA C. T.
Published: May 2016

Perfluorpolyether, die Perfluoroxymcthylem, ‐ethylen‐ und/ oder apropylen‐Einheiten sowie periodisch Peroxid‐Bindungen enthalten, ergeben bei ihrer Photothermolyse im Hochvakuum bei l0O‐250°C Radikale vom Typ (I) und (II) bzw. (III) und (IV), die durch β‐Spaltung zur Depolymerisierung führen.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF OLEFINS VIA THE ELIMINATION REACTION OF β‐TRIBUTYLSTANNYL ORGANOSULFUR COMPOUNDS
Authors: OCHIAI M. , UKITA T. , FUJITA E. , TADA S.
Published: May 2016

Aus den Allylsulfiden (I) werden nach Lithiierung und Umsetzung mit dem Stannylmethyliodid (II) die Butadiene (III) gebildet.
ChemInform Abstract: FRAGMENTATION OF 6‐DEOXY‐6‐HALOHEXONO‐1,5‐ORTHOLACTONES: A CONCERTED, NONSTEREOSPECIFIC PROCESS
Authors: BERNET B. , VASELLA A.
Published: May 2016

Die Pyranoside (IX) und (X) werden ausgehend von dem Acetal (I) über die Stufen (III) und (IV) [ u.a. als nicht trennbares Gemisch aus (IVa) und (IVb)] durch Reaktion von (IVa) (z.T.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMICAL ACTIVATION AS A PROBE OF REACTION MECHANISM. SYNTHESIS AND THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF 2,3‐DIAZABICYCLO(2.1.1)HEX‐2‐ENES
Authors: CHANG M. H. , JAIN R. , DOUGHERTY D. A.
Published: May 2016

Die gemäß dem Schema vollständig stereospezifisch hergestellten Diazene (IVa) und (VIb) ergeben bei ihrer Thermolyse in Lösung ausschließlich das Bicyclobutan (Ia) bzw. seine zu gleichen Teilen endo‐ und exo‐deuterierten Isotopomeren (Mechanismus).
ChemInform Abstract: THERMOLYSIS OF 7,8‐DIOXABICYCLO(4.2.2)DECA‐2,4,9‐TRIENES. AN UNUSUAL DECOMPOSITION MODE OF ENDOPEROXIDES
Authors: ADAM W. , GRETZKE N. , KLUG G.
Published: May 2016

Anders als bei der Photolyse des Endoperoxids (II) werden thermolytisch durch intramolekulare Cycloaddition zu (III) und R‐etrocyclisierung die aromatischen Aldehyde (V) und (VI) in dem angegebenen Produktverhältnis erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON THE SYNTHETIC USEFULNESS OF THE NITRO FUNCTION. PART I. A NOVEL CYCLOPENTENONE RING ANNELATION
Authors: NAKASHITA Y. , WATANABE T. , BENKERT E. , LORENZI‐RIATSCH A. , HESSE M.
Published: May 2016

Nach Monoacetalisierung des Michael‐Addukts (I) läßt sich die Nitrogruppe in dem entstandenen Dioxolderivat (II) in eine 0x0‐ gruppe unter Bildung des Diketons (III) überführen.
ChemInform Abstract: MERCURY IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. 26. SYNTHESIS OF HETEROCYCLES VIA INTRAMOLECULAR SOLVOMERCURATION OF ARYL ACETYLENES
Authors: LAROCK R. C. , HARRISON L. W.
Published: May 2016

Eine Reihe von Acetylenen wird durch Reaktion eines Cu‐acetylids mit einem Aryliodidnach Literaturmethode hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIVE SCATTERING OF OXYGEN (O(3P)) WITH TOLUENE
Authors: BASEMAN R. J. , BUSS R. J. , CASAVECCHIA P. , LEE Y. T.
Published: May 2016

Aus einem Molekulstrahl‐Kreuzungsexperiment gehen über ein langlebiges Triplett‐Biradikal‐lntermediat ganz überwiegend die Radikale (II) und (III) hervor.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY AND KINETICS OF ARYL CARBENES IN METHANOL AT LOW TEMPERATURES
Authors: WRIGHT B. B. , PLATZ M. S.
Published: May 2016

Das photolytisch erzeugte Carben (II) bildet im polykristallinen CH3OI‐Iden Ether (III) und den Alkohol (IV) als Produkte der Einschiebung in die OH‐ bzw. CH‐ Bindung.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOALKENE CARBENES. 21. NAPHTHO(B)CYCLOHEPTATRIENYLIDENE ‐ A CARBENE OF THE E TROPYLIDENE SERIES WITH NOVEL PROPERTIES
Authors: HACKENBERGER A. , DUERR H. +
Published: May 2016

Das aus dem entsprechenden Tosylhydrazon mit NaH erhaltene Na‐Salz (I) bildet unter den Bedingungen der Blitzthermolyse das Carben (II), das unter Umlagerung bzw. "carbene scrambling" zu Anthrylcarbenen in die Methylanthracene (III) und (IV) übergeht.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF THE 2,6‐DI‐TERT‐BUTYL‐4‐(N‐TERT‐BUTYLNITRONO)PHENOXY RADICAL
Authors: SCHULZ M. , BACH B. , REINHARDT M.
Published: May 2016

Das Radikal (II) ist sowohl an der Luft unter Feuchtigkeitsausschluß als auch in benzolischer Lösung außerordentlich stabil.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF ACYL ANIONS GENERATED FROM ACID CHLORIDES AND DIIODOSAMARIUM
Authors: SOUPPE J. , NAMY J.‐L. , KAGAN H. B.
Published: May 2016

Säurechloride (I) werden durch Samarium(II)‐iodid (III) über primär entstehende Acyl‐Radikale zu Acylanionen reduziert, die direkt mit Carbonylverbindungcn (II) zu a?ydroxyketonen (IV) und mit überschüssigem Säurechlorid (I) zu α‐Diketonen (V) reagieren.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐KETO ESTERS AND α‐KETONITRILES BY RUTHENIUM‐CATALYZED DEHYDROGENATION OF α‐HYDROXY ESTERS AND CYANOHYDRINS WITH TERT‐BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE
Authors: TANAKA M. , KOBAYASHI T. , SAKAKURA T.
Published: May 2016

Unter Katalyse von Ruthenium‐Verbindungen′wie (III) oder (IV) werden α‐Hydroxyester bzw. Cyanhydrine (I) mit tert.‐Butylhydroperoxid zu den entsprechenden Ketonen oxidiert.
ChemInform Abstract: PARTIAL OXIDATION OF METHANE BY NITROUS OXIDE OVER MOLYBDENUM ON SILICA
Authors: LIU H.‐F. , LIU R.‐S. , LIEW K. Y. , JOHNSON R. E. , LUNSFORD J. H.
Published: May 2016

Die Titelreaktion, die in Gegenwart von Wasserdampf neben CO CH3OH und HCHO als Hauptprodukte ergibt, wird durch O′ initiiert, das koordinativ an Mo(VI) gebunden ist.
ChemInform Abstract: ASYMMETRIC REDUCTION OF SCHIFF BASES WITH LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE‐MONOSACCHARIDE COMPLEXES TO GIVE OPTICALLY ACTIVE SECONDARY AMINES
Authors: LANDOR S. R. , SONOLA O. O. , TATCHELL A. R.
Published: May 2016

Die Ketimine (III) werden von dem aus LiA H4 und B‐O‐Benzyl‐I,ZU‐cyclohexyliden‐a‐D‐g ucofuranose gebildeten Komplex (IV) stereoselektiv zu den N‐(a‐Alkyl‐benzyh‐ani‐ Iinen (V) (keine Aush‐Angaben) reduziert, denen allen die für (Va) schon gesicherte S‐Konfiguration zugeschrieben wird.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIO‐ AND STEREOSPECIFIC REDUCTION OF CONJUGATED AND NONCONJUGATED TRIPLE BONDS BY ACTIVATED ZINC POWDER
Authors: AERSSENS M. H. P. J. , BRANDSMA L.
Published: May 2016

Durch Reduktion der Diacetylene (II) mit Zinkpulver, das durch 1,2‐Dibromethan (I) aktiviert wird, entstehen die Enine (III).
ChemInform Abstract: DIRECT FLUORINATION OF ARYL KETONE HYDRAZONES
Authors: PATRICK T. B. , FLORY P. A.
Published: May 2016

Die Arylketon‐hydrazone (Ia) bis (Ic) werden durch F, (in N2) zu den Diazoverbindungen (IIa)‐(IIc) oxidiert, die in situ entweder mit F2 zu den Difluorverbindungen (IVa) ‐ (IVc) oder mit dem entstandenen HF zu den Monofluorverbindungen (IIIa)‐(IIIc) weiterreagieren.
ChemInform Abstract: THE FLUORINATIONS OF PENTAFLUORONITROBENZENE AND PENTAFLUOROBENZALDEHYDE BY COBALT(III) FLUORIDE
Authors: PHULL G. S. , PLEVEY R. G. , TATLOW J. C.
Published: May 2016

Pentafluornitrobenzol (I), Tetrafluornitrobenzol (IV) und Pentafluorbenzaldehyd (VII) werden mit COF, zu den angegebenen Cyclohexan‐ und Cyclohexenderivaten fluoriert.
ChemInform Abstract: A SIMPLE SYNTHESIS OF (1R AND 1S)‐(1‐2H1)‐1,5‐ANHYDRO‐D‐GLUCITOL AND (1‐2H2)‐1,5‐ANHYDRO‐D‐GLUCITOL
Authors: FUNABASHI M. , YOSHIOKA S.
Published: May 2016

Die α‐Brompyranose (1) wird durch LiAlD4 unter Konfigurationsumkehr zum Deuteropyran (II) reduziert.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYNYL SULFENYLATION. A DIRECT APPROACH FOR NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION AND SUBSTITUTION OF OLEFINS BY CARBANIONS
Authors: TROST B. M. , MARTIN S. J.
Published: May 2016

Das zur Alkinylierung verwendete Reagens (III) wird aus I Äquiv.
ChemInform Abstract: DECOMPOSITION OF ALCOHOLS OVER ZIRCONIUM AND TITANIUM PHOSPHATES
Authors: CHENG S. , PENG G. Z. , CLEARFIELD A.
Published: May 2016

Es wird bevorzugt über die Umwandlung von Methanol in Methan und niedere Kohlenwasserstoffe an Zirkonium‐ und Titanphosphat‐Katalysatoren berichtet.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOBORON COMPOUNDS. CDXII. THE SYNTHESIS OF 2‐SUBSTITUTED 1‐IODO‐1,4‐PENTADIENES BY IODINATION OF 1,4‐PENTADIENYLBORON DERIVATIVES
Authors: MIKHAILOV B. M. , LAVRINOVICH L. I.
Published: May 2016

Die durch Umsetzung von Triallylboran (I) mit den Acetylen‐Derivaten (II) und nachfolgende Methanolyse der Zwischenverbindungen erhaltenen 2‐substituierten Dimethoxy‐(l ,4‐ pentadienyl)‐borane (V) und 3‐substituierten 1‐Methoxy‐5‐allyl‐1‐boracyclohex‐2‐ ene (VI) reagieren mit Iod in Gegenwart von NaOH zu den im Titel genannten Verbindungen (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ALCOHOLS USING DIISOPROPYL SULFIDE‐N‐CHLOROSUCCINIMIDE
Authors: KIM K. S. , CHO I. H. , YOO B. K. , SONG Y. H. , HAHN C. S.
Published: May 2016

Ein Gemisch aus N‐Chlorsuccinimid (II) und Diisopropylsulfid (III) oxidiert primäre Alkohole (I) zu Aldehyden (IV); aus sekundären Alkoholen (V) erhält man Ketone (VI) bei ‐78°C ; bei dieser Temperatur können die Alkohole (I) mit (II)/(III) nicht zu Aldehyden (IV) oxidiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW α‐AMINO ACID SYNTHESIS VIA AN ACETIMIDATE REARRANGEMENT
Authors: TAKANO S. , AKIYAMA M. , OGASAWARA K.
Published: May 2016

Ausgehend von Allylalkoholen (I) erhält man über eine Umlagerung der nach ihrer Synthese nicht gereinigten Imidoester (II) die Allylamide (III), deren Oxidation die N‐Trichloraoetylaminosäuren"(IV) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF ALIPHATIC DIPEPTIDES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: BIRCH D. , COYLE J. D. , HILL R. R. , JEFFS G. E. , RANDALL D.
Published: May 2016

Unter Ausschluß von Sauerstoff werden die Dipeptide (I) bei der Photolyse zu den Carbonsäureamiden (II) gespalten.
ChemInform Abstract: A PREPARATIVE GAS‐SOLID‐PHASE SYNTHESIS OF ACETYL HYPOFLUORITE
Authors: JEWETT D. M. , POTOCKI J. F. , EHRENKAUFER R. E.
Published: May 2016

Acetylhypofluorit (III) wird erhalten, indem man ein Gasgemisch aus 0.5 % Fluor in Luft oder Stickstoff durch einen Reaktor leitet.
ChemInform Abstract: A SIMPLE AND EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF ETHYL AND METHYL GLYOXYLATE
Authors: HOOK J. M.
Published: May 2016

Glyoxylsäuremethyl‐ und ‐ethylester (IIIa) und (IIIb) werden in hoher Ausbeute durch Alkohol‐ Austausch zwischen dem Glyoxylesteracetal (I) und Glyoxylsäurehydrat (II) und anschließendes Erhitzen mit P4O10 und Destillation hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐CHLOROETHYL (METHYLSULFONYL)METHANESULFONATE AND RELATED (METHYLSULFONYL)METHANESULFONATES. ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY IN VIVO
Authors: SHEALY Y. F. , KRAUTH C. A. , LASTER W. R. JUN.
Published: May 2016

Ausgehend von Methansulfonyl‐ Chlorid (I) über Sulfen‐Zwischenstufen erhält man das Sulfonat (II) und weiter (III), das mit Halogenalkoholen (IV) bzw. Methanol in die Sulfonsäureester (V) bzw. (.VI) umgewandelt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: ULTRASONIC PHOTOLYSIS OF METHYL DISULFIDE AND HEXAFLUOROBUTADIENE
Authors: TOY M. S. , STRINGHAM R. S.
Published: May 2016

Die Photolyse eines Gemisches von Hexafluorbutadien (I) und Methyldisulfid (II) liefert bei gleichzeitiger Einwirkung von Ultraschall als Hauptprodukt das trans‐Butenaddukt (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Γ‐AMINOBUTYRIC ACID ESTERS. I. SYNTHESIS, BRAIN UPTAKE, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ALIPHATIC AND STEROID ESTERS OF Γ‐AMINOBUTYRIC ACID
Authors: SHASHOUA V. E. , JACOB J. N. , RIDGE R. , CAMPBELL A. , BALDESSARINI R. J.
Published: May 2016

Ausgehend von der Carbonsäure (I) erhält man über die Ester (II) durch saure Spaltung die gesuchten Ester (III), von denen radioaktive Derivate ebenfalls dargestellt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: A SIMPLE ROUTE TO 1‐BROMOBICYCLO(1.1.0)BUTANES BY INTRAMOLECULAR TRAPPING OF 1‐BROMO‐1‐LITHIOCYCLOPROPANES
Authors: NILSEN N. O. , SKATTEBOEL L. , BAIRD M. S. , BUXTON S. R. , SLOWEY P. D.
Published: May 2016

Aus den Dibromcyclopropylmethylchloriden (I) ′bzw. (VII) werden mit Methyllithium bei ‐40°C die Brom‐bicyclobutane (III) bzw. (VIII) neben den Dienen (IV) bzw. (IX) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: POLYFLUORO COMPOUNDS BASED ON THE CYCLOHEPTANE RING SYSTEM. PART 7. ETHOXYPOLYFLUOROCYCLOHEPTENES AND POLYFLUOROCYCLOHEPTENONES
Authors: JENKINS C. M. , STEPHENS T. , TATLOW J. C.
Published: May 2016

Die Umsetzungen des Perfluorcycloheptens (I) und des Perfluorcycloheptadiens (IV) mit Ethanol liefert die Ethoxy‐Derivate (II) bzw. (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthese neuer N‐Alkyl‐1,5,5‐trimethyl‐bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylamine, ihre Eigenschaften und Struktur.
Authors: KOZLOV N. G. , VYALIMYAE T. K. , NESTEROV G. V.
Published: May 2016

Isofenchol (I) reagiert mit Acetonitril (II) unter den angegebenen Bedingungen zu einem Gemisch der endo‐ (III) und exo‐Amine (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: ASYMMETRIC REDUCTION OF ACETOPHENONE WITH CHIRAL REAGENTS FROM LITHIUM TETRAHYDROALUMINATE AND CHIRAL 1,2‐DIOL OR DIAMINE AS STUDIED BY ALUMINUM‐27 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
Authors: YAMASHITA J. , TOMIYAMA S. , HASHIMOTO H. , KITAHARA K. , SATO H.
Published: May 2016

Die Reduktion von Acetophenon (I) mit LiAlH4 liefert in Gegenwart der chiralen Liganden Diphenylethylenglykol (II) oder Diethyldiphenylethylendiamin (III) in hoher chemischer und befriedigender optischer Ausbeute (Enantiomeren‐Überschuß) l‐Phenylethanol (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: THE PREPARATION OF 1,4‐DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS BY PHOTOREACTION OF KETONES IN THE PRESENCE OF OXIDANTS
Authors: MITANI M. , TAMADA M. , UEHARA S. , KOYAMA K.
Published: May 2016

Aus den Alkyl‐phenyl‐ketonen (I) erhält man bei der Oxidation unter Bestrahlung über 1,4‐Di‐Radikal‐Stufen die entsprechenden 1,4‐Dicarbonylverbindungen (II).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF DICLOFENAC
Authors: TAMURA Y. , UENISHI J. , CHOI H. D. , HARUTA J. , ISHIBASHI H.
Published: May 2016

Diclofenac (V1), ein entzündungshemmender Wirkstoff wird, wie im Formelschema angegeben, aus dem Dichlor‐diphenylanilin (I) hergestellt, wobei z.Tl. alternative Reaktionswege beschritten werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: THE METHYLATION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS USING METHYL TRICHLOROACETATE
Authors: RENGA J. M. , WANG P.‐C.
Published: May 2016

Trich or‐ essigsäureester (II) werden zur Alkylierung bzw. Arylierung der Carbonsäuren (I) zu den Estern (III) benutzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SURFACE ACTIVE SUBSTANCES CONTAINING AN OLIGO(HEXAFLUOROPROPENE OXIDE) CHAIN AS A HYDROPHOBIC OLEOPHOBIC MOIETY
Authors: ISHIKAWA N. , SASABE M.
Published: May 2016

Iach der Methode der anionischen Oligomerisation von Hexafluorpropenepoxid (I) mit KF werden die Oligomeren (II) hergestellt, die anschließend mit (III) nach Friedel‐Crafts zu (IV) acyliert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SRN1 SUBSTITUTIONS OF HALOPERFLUOROALKANES (BROMOTRIFLUOROMETHANE OR DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE) UNDER PRESSURE
Authors: WAKSELMAN C. , TORDEUX M.
Published: May 2016

Durch eine radikaüsche Fluoralkylierung der Mercaptide (I) mit Trifluormethylbromid (II) erhält man die Aryl‐trifleuormethyl‐thioether (III).
ChemInform Abstract: DOPAMINERGIC AGONISTS: COMPARATIVE ACTIONS OF AMINE AND SULFONIUM ANALOGS OF DOPAMINE
Authors: HAMADA A. , CHANG Y. A. , URETSKY N. , MILLER D. D.
Published: May 2016

Auf den im Formelschema skizzierten Wegen werden die Analoga (IV), (XI) und (XIII) des Sulfoniumanalogons von Dopamin synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CERTAIN PROPERTIES OF (METHOXYCARBONYL)DIMETHYLBENZYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE
Authors: ORLOV S. J. , GRABARNIK M. S. , CHIMISHKYAN A. L.
Published: May 2016

Durch Umsetzung von Chlorameisensäuremethylester (I) mit N,N‐Dimethylbenzylamin (II) erhält man N‐Methoxycarbonyldimethyl‐benzyl‐ammoniumchlorid (III), dessen ionische Struktur durch UV‐Spektroskopie ermittelt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: DETERMINATION OF CONFIGURATIONS WITH THE AID OF STERICALLY CORRESPONDING EPOXIDES. XI. GLYCIDIC NITRILES. IV. SYNTHESIS OF 1α‐METHYL‐2α‐ARYLCYCLOHEXANE‐1β‐CARBOXYLIC ACIDS FROM 4α‐ARYL‐2‐METHYL‐1α‐OXASPIRO(2.5)OCTANE‐2‐NITRILES
Authors: FISCHER F. , PALITZSCH P.
Published: May 2016

In wasserfreiem Ether wird der Epoxidring der Glycidonitrile (I) von HCl unter Bildung der Chlorcyanhydrine (II) geöffnet.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF ORGANIC HALIDES WITH CHLOROTRIS(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE)COBALT(I)
Authors: MOMOSE D. , IGUCHI K. , SUGIYAMA T. , YAMADA Y.
Published: May 2016

Die Benzylhalogenide (I) reagieren mit dem einwertigen CobaIt‐Komplex (II) zu den Dimerisierungsprodukten (III).
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL PREPARATION OF CYANOPHENYLCYCLOPROPANES VIA CYANOPHENYLCARBENE
Authors: MOSS R. A. , KMIECIK‐LAWRYNOWICZ G. , COX D. P.
Published: May 2016

Aus Cyanphenylazirin (II) durch Thermolyse oder Photolyse erzeugtes Cyanphenylcar‐ ben addiert sich nicht stereospezifisch an die Alkene (III), wobei die Cyclopropane (IV) entstehen.
ChemInform Abstract: 11‐TERT‐BUTYL‐8‐CHLORO(5)METACYCLOPHANE
Authors: JENNESKENS L. W. , KLAMER J. C. , DE WOLF W. H. , BICKELHAUPT F.
Published: May 2016

Das Dichlormetacyclophan (I) reagiert mit tert.‐Butyllithium/Deuteroethanol zur im Titel genannten Verbindung (II) und nicht zur erwarteten Dideuteroverbindung (III).
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITION OF CYCLIC VINYL ETHERS TO AN ISOQUINOLINIUM SALT: APPLICATION TO THE PREPARATION OF A MODEL C‐NAPHTHYLGLYCOSIDE
Authors: FRANCK R. W. , GUPTA R. B.
Published: May 2016

Das aus dem Isochinoliniumchlorid (I) und dem Enolether (II) zugängliche Cycloaddukt (III) wird zum Tetralin (IV) umgelagert, dessen Spaltung zum Naphthaldehyd (V) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: AN ASYMMETRIC APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF TRANS‐DIHYDRINDANDIONE
Authors: YAMAMOTO K. , IIJIMA M. , OGIMURA Y. , TSUJI J.
Published: May 2016

2‐Methyl‐ 2‐cyclopentenon (I) addiert die optischen Antipoden der Li‐cuprate (II) definiert zu Addukten, die in Form der Silylenolether (III) isoliert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ANOMALOUS REACTIONS OF CYANIDE WITH TWO HINDERED AROMATIC ALDEHYDES
Authors: GORE P. H. , GUPTA S. D. , OBAJI G. A.
Published: May 2016

9‐Anthraldehyd (I) mit sterisch gehinderter Aldehydfunktion reagiert unter den Bedingungen der Benzoinkondensation zu 9‐Cyananthracen (ll).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF (2′‐METHYLOXIRANYL)QUINONES AS BIOREDUCTIVE ALKYLATING AGENTS
Authors: SYPER L. , MLOCHOWSKI J. , KLOC K.
Published: May 2016

Durch Addition des aus Trimethylsulfoniumchlorid erzeugten Ylids an die Carbonylgruppe von 1,5‐dimethoxylierten Acetophenonen werden Aryl‐oxirane, wie z.B. (II), dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: ASYMMETRIC EPOXIDATION OF ALLYLIC ALCOHOLS EMPLOYING 4,5‐DIPHENYLOXAZOLE AS A MASKED ESTER FUNCTIONALITY
Authors: PRIDGEN L. N. , SHILCRAT S. C. , LANTOS I.
Published: May 2016

Die aus den Oxazolen (I) zugänglichen Oxazolyl‐substituierten Dioxolane (III) werden über die Ester (V) in die Allylalkohole (VI) übergeführt, die nach Sharpless zu den enantiomerenreinen Epoxiden (VIII) oxidiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF AZA‐β‐LACTAMS BY PHOTOCHEMICAL RING CONTRACTION
Authors: LAWTON G. , MOODY C. J. , PEARSON C. J.
Published: May 2016

Durch Photolyse des Diazopyrazolidindions (II) in Gegenwart von Ethanol entsteht anstelle des erwarteten Azα‐β‐lactams (I) ein Gemisch der Verbindungen (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: RETINOIDS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS. VII. SYNTHESIS OF RETINOIDAL 4‐YLIDENEBUTENOLIDES AND THEIR HOMOLOGS
Authors: ITO M. , IWATA T. , TSUKIDA K.
Published: May 2016

Aus den ungesättigten Aldehyden (I) erhält man mit dem Keton (II) die Kondensationsprodukte (III), die nach Wittig‐Horner zu den dreifach ungesättigten Carbonsäureestern (V) umgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: EFFICIENT TRANSFORMATION OF (Z)‐2‐BUTENE‐1,4‐DIOLS TO α,β‐BUTENOLIDES: A SIMPLE SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐ELDANOLIDE
Authors: CHAKRABORTY T. K. , CHANDRASEKARAN S.
Published: May 2016

Die Z‐Butendiole (I) werden durch Silbercarbonat auf Celite zu den Butenoliden (II) oxidiert.