bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing and Mining Web Applications
Authors: Meo Rosa , Matera Maristella
Published: May 2010

In this chapter, we present the usage of a modeling language, WebML, for the design and the management of dynamic Web applications. WebML also makes easier the analysis of the usage of the application contents by the users, even if applications are dynamic. In fact, it makes use of some special-purpose logs, called conceptual logs, generated by the application runtime engine. In this chapter, we report on a case study about the analysis of conceptual logs for testifying to the effectiveness of WebML and its conceptual modeling methods. The methodology of the analysis of the Web logs is based on the datamining paradigm of item sets and frequent patterns, and makes full use of constraints on the conceptual logs’ content. As a consequence, we could obtain many interesting patterns for application management such as recurrent navigation paths, the most frequently visited page’s contents, and anomalies.
Retrieving Non-Latin Information in a Latin Web
Authors: Lazarinis Fotis
Published: May 2010

Over 60% of the online population are non-English speakers and it is probable the number of non-English speakers is growing faster than English speakers. Most search engines were originally engineered for English. They do not take full account of inflectional semantics nor, for example, diacritics or the use of capitals. The main conclusion from the literature is that searching using non-English and non-Latin based queries results in lower success and requires additional user effort so as to achieve acceptable recall and precision. In this chapter a Greek query log is morphologically and grammatically analyzed and a number of queries are submitted to search engines and their relevance is evaluated with the aid of real users. A Greek meta-searcher redirecting normalized queries to Google.gr is also presented and evaluated. An increase in relevance is reported when stopwords are eliminated and queries are normalized based on their morphology.
Question Answering Using Word Associations
Authors: Ramakrishnan Ganesh , Bhattacharyya Pushpak
Published: May 2010

Text mining systems such as categorizers and query retrievers of the first generation were largely hinged on word level statistics and provided a wonderful first-cut approach. However systems based on simple word-level statistics quickly saturate in performance, despite the best data mining and machine learning algorithms. This problem can be traced to the fact that, typically, naive, word-based feature representations are used in text applications, which prove insufficient in bridging two types of chasms within and across documents, viz. lexical chasm and syntactic chasm . The latest wave in text mining technology has been marked by research that will make extraction of subtleties from the underlying meaning of text, a possibility. In the following two chapters, we pose the problem of underlying meaning extraction from text documents, coupled with world knowledge, as a problem of bridging the chasms by exploiting associations between entities. The entities are words or word collocations from documents. We utilize two types of entity associations, viz. paradigmatic (PA) and syntagmatic (SA). We present first-tier algorithms that use these two word associations in bridging the syntactic and lexical chasms. We also propose second-tier algorithms in two sample applications, viz., question answering and text classification which use the first-tier algorithms. Our contribution lies in the specific methods we introduce for exploiting entity association information present in WordNet, dictionaries, corpora and parse trees for improved performance in text mining applications.
The Scent of a Newsgroup
Authors: Manco Giuseppe , Ortale Riccardo , Tagarelli Andrea
Published: May 2010

Personalization is aimed at adapting content delivery to users’ profiles: namely, their expectations, preferences and requirements. This chapter surveys some well-known Web mining techniques that can be profitably exploited in order to address the problem of providing personalized access to the contents of Usenet communities. We provide a rationale for the inadequacy of current Usenet services, given the actual scenario in which an increasing number of users with heterogeneous interests look for information scattered over different communities. We discuss how the knowledge extracted from Usenet sites (from the content, the structure and the usability viewpoints) can be suitably adapted to the specific needs and expectations of each user.
Current Issues and Future Analysis in Text Mining for Information Security Applications
Authors: Xu Shuting
Published: May 2010

Text mining is an instrumental technology that today’s organizations can employ to extract information and further evolve and create valuable knowledge for more effective knowledge management. It is also an important tool in the arena of information systems security (ISS). While a plethora of text mining research has been conducted in search of revamped technological developments, relatively limited attention has been paid to the applicable insights of text mining in ISS. In this chapter, we address a variety of technological applications of text mining in security issues. The techniques are categorized according to the types of knowledge to be discovered and the text formats to be analyzed. Privacy issues of text mining as well as future trends are also discussed.
Performance Evaluation Measures for Text Mining
Authors: Suominen Hanna
Published: May 2010

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of prevalent measures for evaluating the quality of system output in seven key text mining task domains. For each task domain, a selection of widely used, well applicable measures is presented, and their strengths and weaknesses are discussed. Performance evaluation is essential for text mining system development and comparison, but the selection of a suitable performance evaluation measure is not a straightforward task. Therefore this chapter also attempts to give guidelines for measure selection. As measures are under constant development in many task domains and it is important to take the task domain characteristics and conventions into account, references to relevant performance evaluation events and literature are provided.
Application of Text Mining Methodologies to Health Insurance Schedules
Authors: Tsoi Ah Chung , To Phuong Kim , Hagenbuchner Markus
Published: May 2010

This chapter describes the application of a number of text mining techniques to discover patterns in the health insurance schedule with an aim to uncover any inconsistency or ambiguity in the schedule. In particular, we will apply first a simple “bag of words” technique to study the text data, and to evaluate the hypothesis: Is there any inconsistency in the text description of the medical procedures used? It is found that the hypothesis is not valid, and hence the investigation is continued on how best to cluster the text. This work would have significance to health insurers to assist them to differentiate descriptions of the medical procedures. Secondly, it would also assist the health insurer to describe medical procedures in an unambiguous manner.
Web Service Architectures for Text Mining
Authors: Davis Neil
Published: May 2010

Text mining technology can be used to assist in finding relevant or novel information in large volumes of unstructured data, such as that which is increasingly available in the electronic scientific literature. However, publishers are not text mining specialists, nor typically are the end-user scientists who consume their products. This situation suggests a Web services based solution, where text mining specialists process the literature obtained from publishers and make their results available to remote consumers (research scientists). In this chapter we discuss the integration of Web services and text mining within the domain of scientific publishing and explore the strengths and weaknesses of three generic architectural designs for delivering text mining Web services. We argue for the superiority of one of these and demonstrate its viability by reference to an application designed to provide access to the results of text mining over the PubMed database of scientific abstracts.
Security of Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Ferreira Ana , Cruz-Correia Ricardo , Antunes Luís , Chadwick David
Published: May 2010

This chapter reports the authors’ experiences regarding security of the electronic medical record (EMR). Although the EMR objectives are to support shared care and healthcare professionals’ workflow, there are some barriers that prevent its successful use. These barriers comprise not only costs, regarding resources and time, but also patient / health professional relations, ICT (information and communication technologies) education as well as security issues. It is very difficult to evaluate EMR systems; however some studies already made show problems regarding usability and proper healthcare workflow modeling. Legislation to guide the protection of health information systems is also very difficult to implement in practice. This chapter shows that access control, as a part of an EMR, can be a key to minimize some of its barriers, if the means to design, develop and evaluate access control are closer to users’ needs and workflow complexity.
Overview and Analysis of Electronic Health Record Standards
Authors: Kitsiou Spyros
Published: May 2010

A fundamental requirement for achieving continuity of care is commonly accepted to be the integration and interoperability of different clinical oriented systems towards the realization of a “longitudinal” Electronic Healthcare Record. To enable seamless integration of various kinds of IT applications into a healthcare network, a commonly accepted framework based on international relevant standards has become an urgent need. However, there is much marketplace confusion today in the healthcare domain, due to the variety of overlapping or complementary interoperability standards and initiatives, which have evolved over the years addressing integration of applications at different levels. This chapter provides a brief overview of the most relevant Electronic Healthcare Record standards, by examining the level of interoperability and functionality they provide, in terms of context, structure, access services, multimedia support, and security, to provide healthcare decision-makers and system integrators with a clear perspective regarding the capabilities and limitations of each standard.
Distributed Knowledge Management in Healthcare
Authors: Bountis Christos
Published: May 2010

This chapter introduces and reviews the concept of distributed knowledge management within the Healthcare environment and between Healthcare and other partner organisations. As management should not be mistaken for control, distributed should not be identified with multicentered. Trade-offs between managerial centralism and social contextuality should be allowed. Although the core issues in knowledge management are not technological, tools that can support the central versus social dualism of knowledge management are critical to the effective and appropriate use of generated knowledge. Information tools can significantly affect the user experience and local social wiliness to participation and enhance the managerial trends that make use of knowledge networks and shared logistics. They include service-oriented architectures (SOA), artificial intelligence networks (AIN), multiple agent systems (MAS) and the contextual tools of Web 2.0. All of those tools feed their functionality on the semantic detail, the granularity and the trust levels enjoyed by their information sources.
An Analysis of a Successful Emergency Telemedicine Venture
Authors: Vucetic Jelena
Published: May 2010

This paper describes business and technological challenges and solutions for a successful emergency telemedicine venture called MediComm. Its objective is to provide a new generation of integrated information and communication systems, targeting medical and emergency care organizations. This system enables multi-directional transfer of information (including voice, data, fax, video) between the organization’s central information system and its mobile fleet of ambulance vehicles. MediComm enables emergency care personnel to take a patient’s vital measurements and personal information in an ambulance on the way to the hospital, send the information to the hospital, and receive from the hospital directions for the patient’s treatment during transportation. When the patient arrives into the hospital, his/her information will be already updated in the information system, and the medical personnel will be ready to provide the necessary care immediately. Thus, time will be saved, which for many patients is of critical importance. The treatment of patients will be more effective and simplified, which will result in substantially lower cost of medical care.
Third Generation (3G) Cellular Networks in Telemedicine
Authors: Perakis Konstantinos
Published: May 2010

The evolutions in the field of telecommunications technologies, with the robustness and the fidelity these new systems provide, have significantly contributed in the advancement and development in the field of medicine, and they have also brought forth the need for their utilisation in the healthcare sector. Thus, telemedicine and e-Health have clearly started to become an important issue for implementation, operational deployment of services and a promising market for industry. Recognizing this trend, its importance in the lives of citizens all around the globe and its contribution in the daily healthcare delivery by all actors involved in the procedure, the authors of this chapter attempt to familiarize the readers with the impact that high broadband wireless networks have upon telemedicine services and with the way they facilitate the secure transmission of vital information stemming from bandwidth demanding applications in real time. After providing the readers with an overview of telemedical services and commenting on how they can offer added value to existing healthcare services, they provide an analysis of the wireless infrastructure that has facilitated telemedical services over the years, and point out the significant role that the third generation telecommunications systems can play in the field. After that, follows an analysis of the range of new applications that can be supported by the 3G telecommunications infrastructure, and the related research that has taken place in the European level regarding the utilization of 3G networks for telemedical applications. However, 3G networks are not a panacea; for this reason the limitations of this infrastructure is also stressed out. The authors conclude by discussing whether 3G networks can prove to be an attractive solution for telemedical services to healthcare providers.
Ubiquitous Healthcare
Authors: Lee Cheon-Pyo , Shim J. P.
Published: May 2010

Ubiquitous healthcare has become possible with rapid advances in information and communication technologies. Ubiquitous healthcare will bring about an increased accessibility to healthcare providers, more efficient tasks and processes, and a higher quality of healthcare services. radio frequency identification (RFID) is a key technology of ubiquitous healthcare and enables a fully automated solution for information delivery, thus reducing the potential for human error. This chapter provides an overview of ubiquitous healthcare and RFID applications. In this chapter, the background of ubiquitous computing and RFID technologies, current RFID applications in hospitals, and the future trends and privacy implications of RFID in hospitals are discussed.
A Holistic Perspective of Security in Health Related Virtual Communities
Authors: Apostolakis I. , Chryssanthou A. , Varlamis I.
Published: May 2010

A significant issue in health related applications is protecting a patient’s profile data from unauthorized access. In the case of telemedicine systems a patient’s medical profile and other medical information is transferred over the network from the examination lab to the doctor’s office in order for the doctor to be able to perform a diagnosis. The medical information transferred across the network should be encrypted, secured and protected until it reaches its final destination. Patients’ medical profiles should be accessible by their doctors in order to support diagnosis and care, but must also be protected from other patients, medical companies and others who are not certified by the patient to access his medical data. A very important element of virtual communities is trust. Trust should be built upon the same specifications for secure data transfer and leveled access with medical information. Furthermore, trust requires a strict policy based mechanism, which defines roles, access rights and limitation among community members, as well as a flexible identification mechanism, which allows anonymity of patients, while in the same time guarantees the truthfulness of doctors’ identity and expertise.
A Practical Approach to Computerized System Validation
Authors: Hussain Kashif
Published: May 2010

This chapter provides a practical approach to computerized system validation (CSV) for the pharmaceutical organizations for the users dealing with the validation. Validation package including plan, responsibilities, and documentation needed and created during the validation are also discussed. Any computer system can be validated utilizing the techniques described here. These activities address the organization commitment to implement the underlying system in order to improve, ensure and maintain the quality standards. The CSV is described as a reference and an orientation guide to understand the related quality processes. The activities presented here should be useful for initiating and conducting the principal tasks of validation. This chapter reflects a quick guide and addresses one of the “non-technical” aspects of CSV methodology. A clear approach is presented that defines the CSV activities and provides an efficient means of validation to new and existing systems, applications, and environments within the organization.
Anomaly Detection for Inferring Social Structure
Authors: Friedland Lisa
Published: May 2010

In traditional data analysis, data points lie in a Cartesian space, and an analyst asks certain questions: (1) What distribution can I fit to the data? (2) Which points are outliers? (3) Are there distinct clusters or substructure? Today, data mining treats richer and richer types of data. Social networks encode information about people and their communities; relational data sets incorporate multiple types of entities and links; and temporal information describes the dynamics of these systems. With such semantically complex data sets, a greater variety of patterns can be described and views constructed of the data. This article describes a specific social structure that may be present in such data sources and presents a framework for detecting it. The goal is to identify tribes, or small groups of individuals that intentionally coordinate their behavior—individuals with enough in common that they are unlikely to be acting independently. While this task can only be conceived of in a domain of interacting entities, the solution techniques return to the traditional data analysis questions. In order to find hidden structure, we use an anomaly detection approach: develop a model to describe the data, then identify outliers.
Privacy and Trust in Online Interactions
Authors: Lilien Leszek , Bhargava Bharat
Published: May 2010

Any interaction—from a simple transaction to a complex collaboration—requires an adequate level of trust between interacting parties. Trust includes a conviction that one’s privacy is protected by the other partner. This is as true in online transactions as in social systems. The recognition of the importance of privacy is growing since privacy guarantees are absolutely essential for realizing the goal of pervasive computing. This chapter presents the role of trust and privacy in interactions; emphasizing their interplay. In particular; it shows how one’s degree of privacy can be traded for a gain in the level of trust perceived by the interaction partner. After a brief overview of related research; the idea and mechanisms of trading privacy for trust are explored. Conclusions and future trends in dealing with privacy and trust problems complement the chapter.
Privacy Control and Assurance
Authors: Rea Alan , Chen Kuanchin
Published: May 2010

Protecting personal information while Web surfing has become a struggle. This is especially the case when transactions require a modicum of trust to be successfully completed. E-businesses argue that they need personal information so they can create viable data to tailor user interactions and provide targeted marketing. However; users are wary of providing personal information because they lack trust in e-businesses’ personal information policies and practices. E-businesses have attempted to mitigate user apprehension and build a relationship base in B2C transactions to facilitate the sharing of personal information. Some efforts have been successful. This chapter presents survey results that suggest a relationship between gender and how users control personal information. The findings suggest that e-businesses should modify information and privacy policies to increase information and transactional exchanges.
Cross Cultural Perceptions on Privacy in the United States, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Taiwan
Authors: Chiou Andy
Published: May 2010

In this chapter, the authors will briefly discuss some cross cultural concerns regarding Internet privacy. The authors believe that due to the cross cultural nature of the Internet itself, different cultures will tend to result in different concerns regarding Internet privacy. As such, there is no single system of protecting Internet privacy that may be suitable for all cultures. The authors also utilize focus groups from various countries spanning Asia and the United States to discover the differences between cultures. Hopefully an understanding of such differences will aid in future research on Internet privacy to take a more culture sensitive approach.
Biometric Controls and Privacy
Authors: Lancaster Sean
Published: May 2010

Biometrics is an application of technology to authenticate users’ identities through the measurement of physiological or behavioral patterns. The verification system offers greater security to the use of passwords or smart cards. Biometric characteristics cannot be lost or forgotten. As biometric characteristics are concerned with the very makeup of who we are, there are also security, privacy, and ethical concerns in their adoption.Fingerprint, iris, voice, hand geometry, face, and signature are all considered biometric characteristics and used in the authentication process. Examples of everyday biometric applications include thumbprint locks on laptop computers, fingerprint scanners to enter a locked door on a house, and facial recognition scans for forensic use. While there are several examples of biometrics currently in use, it is still an emerging technology. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a descriptive discussion of the current and future state of biometrics.
The Legal Framework for Data and Consumer Protection in Europe
Authors: O’Mahony Charles
Published: May 2010

This chapter will discuss the legal framework for consumer and data protection in Europe. Central to this discussion will be the law of the European Union (EU) on data and consumer protection.3 Recent years have seen the creation of legal frameworks in Europe which seek to secure the protection of consumers while simultaneously facilitating economic growth in the European Union. This chapter will outline the main sources of law which protect consumers and their privacy. This chapter will outline the important provisions in these sources of law and critically analyse them. The chapter will also point up the gaps and deficiencies in the consumer and data protection legal structures.
Cybermedicine, Telemedicine, and Data Protection in the United States
Authors: Mika Karin
Published: May 2010

This chapter provides an overview of law relating to online and Internet medical practice, data protection, and consumer information privacy. It provides a comprehensive overview of federal (HIPAA) and state privacy laws, concluding that both those legal resources leave gaps in consumer protection and provide no real penalties for violating the laws. The authors educate the readers to the legal and data protection problems consumers will encounter in purchasing medical and health services on the Internet. Furthermore, the authors recount some actual case studies and follow those with expert advice for those Internet consumers who wish to be not merely informed, but also safe. The authors not only educate the readers to the lack of protection afforded to them but also advocate throughout the chapter that the United States must enact more federal protection for the consumer in order to deter privacy violations and punish criminal, negligent, and wilful violations of personal consumer privacy.
Online Privacy Protection in Japan
Authors: Tarn J. Michael
Published: May 2010

This chapter explores the current status and practices of online privacy protection in Japan. Since the concept of privacy in Japan is different from that in western countries, the background of online privacy concepts and control mechanisms are discussed. The chapter then introduces Japan’s Act on the Protection of Personal Information along with the privacy protection system in Japan. Following the discussion of the privacy law, Japan’s privacy protection mechanisms to support and implement the new act are examined. To help companies make smooth adjustments and transitions, a four-stage privacy protection solution model is presented. Further, this chapter discusses two case studies to exemplify the problems and dilemmas encountered by two Japanese enterprises. The cases are analyzed and their implications are discussed. The chapter is concluded with future trends and research directions.
Online Communities and Social Networking
Authors: Roy Abhijit
Published: May 2010

Technology has enabled communities to move beyond the physical face-to-face contacts to the online realm of the World Wide Web. With the advent of the highways in the 1950s and 1960s, “communities” were created in suburbia. The Internet, on the other hand, has over the last two decades, enabled the creation of a myriad of “online communities” (Green, 2007) that have limitless boundaries across every corner of the globe. This essay will begin by providing a definition of the term “online communities” and then describing several typologies of this phenomenon. The various motivations for joining communities, how marketers create social bonds that enhance social relationships, as well as strategies used by firms in building online communities are also discussed. We conclude by discussing strategies for managing online communities, leveraging them for social networking, researching them, as well as directions for future research.
Social Software (and Web 2.0)
Authors: Dorn Jürgen
Published: May 2010

Social software is a class of information systems supporting the establishment and management of online communities for people in performing certain tasks. One of the first application types were bulletin boards. Social software may provide different services for community members such as finding members with similar interests, finding information on interesting subjects, discussing common problems, or simply the storing of private or publicly-accessible documents. Another similar term, collaborative software, applies to cooperative work systems, and is applied to software that supports working functions often restricted to private networks. Web 2.0 is a term coined only recently, and with this concept promoters try to focus on the change of use of the Internet. While Web 1.0 was a medium where few users published information in Web sites and many users read and surfed through these publications, in Web 2.0 many users also publish their opinions, information, and documents somewhere in the Internet. By motivating large communities for submissions and by structuring the content, the body of the aggregated information achieves considerable worth. A good example for such a community project is Wikipedia, where thousands of contributors deliver millions of articles, forming an encyclopaedia that is worth millions of dollars.
Effects of Digital Convergence on Social Engineering Attack Channels
Authors: Hoanca Bogdan
Published: May 2010

Social engineering refers to the practice of manipulating people to divulge confidential information that can then be used to compromise an information system. In many cases, people, not technology, form the weakest link in the security of an information system. This chapter discusses the problem of social engineering and then examines new social engineering threats that arise as voice, data, and video networks converge. In particular, converged networks give the social engineer multiple channels of attack to influence a user and compromise a system. On the other hand, these networks also support new tools that can help combat social engineering. However, no tool can substitute for educational efforts that make users aware of the problem of social engineering and policies that must be followed to prevent social engineering from occurring.
An Introduction to Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
Authors: Shakshuki Elhadi , Xing Xinyu , Malik Haroon
Published: May 2010

Wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) are a new and emerging type of sensor networks that contain sensor nodes equipped with cameras, microphones, and other sensors producing multimedia content. These networks have the potential to enable a large class of applications, ranging from assisting elderly in public spaces to border protection, that benefit from the use of numerous sensor nodes that deliver multimedia content. In this chapter, we investigate some of the new technology’s potential and describe typical characteristics of WMSNs. Then, we introduce the primary challenges in the state-ofthe- art in WMSNs. Finally, we discuss the existing solutions and possible future research trends.
Security, Trust, and Privacy on Mobile Devices and Multimedia Applications
Authors: Weippl Edgar R.
Published: May 2010

While security in general is increasingly well addressed, both mobile security and multimedia security are still areas of research undergoing major changes. Mobile security is characterized by small devices that, for instance, make it difficult to enter long passwords and that cannot perform complex cryptographic operations due to power constraints. Multimedia security has focused on watermarks and the creation of digital evidences; as we all know, there are yet no good solutions to prevent illegal copying of audio and video files. In this chapter we focus on addressing the attributes of security, trust, and privacy on mobile devices and multimedia applications.
Performance Analysis and Evaluation of IEEE 802.11E MAC in WLANs with Hidden Stations and Multimedia Applications
Authors: Abu-Tair Mamun I.
Published: May 2010

Recently there have been considerable interests focusing on the performance evaluation of IEEE 802.11e Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols, which were proposed for supporting differentiated quality of services in wireless local area networks (WLANs). Heterogeneous traffic generated by wireless multimedia applications and hidden stations arisen from the wireless transmission power constraints have significant impact on the performance of MAC protocols. This study performs extensive simulation experiments and conducts comprehensive performance evaluation of the IEEE 802.11e Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) protocol in WLANs in the presence of hidden stations and heterogeneous traffic. For this purpose, non-bursty Poisson, bursty ON/OFF, and fractal-like self-similar processes with high variability are used to model and generate heterogeneous network traffic. The performance results have shown that this protocol is able to achieve differentiated throughput, access delay, packets loss probability, and medium utilization. However, the hidden stations can degrade the throughput and medium utilization as well as increase greatly the medium access delay, packets loss probability, and collision ratio under heterogeneous traffic.
High Speed Packet Access
Authors: Cvitkovic Mario
Published: May 2010

Data services and multimedia are expected to have significant growth over the next few years and will likely become the dominant source of 3G traffic. High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) provides large enhancements over Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) for the downlink. HSDPA was standardized as part of Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 5 and Release 6. The HSDPA peak date rate available in the terminals is initially 1.8 Mbps, and it is increasing to 3.6 and 7.2 Mbps with potential beyond 10 Mbps. HSDPA has been designed to increase downlink packet data throughput by means of fast physical layer retransmission and transmission combining as well fast link adaptation controlled by the Node B—that is, a base transmission station (BTS). High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) was part of 3GPP Release 6 with the first specification version in December 2004. The HSUPA peak data rate in the initial phase is expected to be 1–2 Mbps with the second phase pushing the data rate to 3–4Mbps. HSDPA and HSUPA together are called High Speed Packet Access (HSPA). The section covers HSPA principles for WCDMA—the key new feature included in Release 5 and enhanced further in Release 6 specification.
Topic-Based Transparent Replication of Digital Assets
Authors: Wehling Ulf
Published: May 2010

In this chapter we propose a platform-independent concept for the transparent replication of digital assets in hybrid wireless networks. The concept allows a seamless integration with existing standards and technologies. It tackles and overcomes typical problems of common file sharing applications, such as the mixing of the logical property of a file being shared with its physical location. The identification mechanism introduced allows sharing on a per file basis, completely independent of their physical location, even tolerating subsequent relocation. RSS feeds are used as a basis to disseminate the files together with attached meta-information, such as tags, in a platform-independent manner. To optimize the communication flow among the mobile devices, a clustering algorithm for mobile networks is employed. The current prototype acts as proof-of-concept for the proposed concept.
Perception-Based Speech Quality Measurement in Modern Telecommunications
Authors: Mahdi Abdulhussain E.
Published: May 2010

Speech quality is the most visible and important aspect of quality of service (QoS) for telecommunication networks. Hence, the ability to monitor and design for this quality has become a top priority. Speech quality refers to the clearness of a speaker’s voice as perceived by a listener. Speech quality measurement offers a means of adding the human end user’s perspective to traditional ways of performing network management evaluation of voice telephony services. Traditionally, measurement of users’ perception of speech quality has been performed by expensive and time-consuming subjective listening tests. Over the last three decades, numerous attempts have been made to supplement subjective tests with objective measurements based on algorithms that can be computerised and automated. This chapter describes the technicalities associated with speech quality measurement, and presents a review of current subjective and objective speech quality evaluation methods and standards in telecommunications.
Adaptive Retransmission Scheme for Video Streaming Applications
Authors: Huszák Árpád
Published: May 2010

In this chapter we present a novel selective retransmission scheme, based on congestion control algorithm. Our method is efficient in narrowband networks for multimedia applications, which demand higher bandwidth. Multimedia applications are becoming increasingly popular in IP networks, while in mobile networks the limited bandwidth and the higher error rate arise in spite of its popularity. These are restraining factors for mobile clients using multimedia applications such as video streaming. In some conditions the retransmission of lost and corrupted packets should increase the quality of the multimedia service, but these retransmissions should be enabled only if the network is not in congested state. Otherwise the retransmitted packet will intensify the congestion and it will have negative effect on the audio/video quality. Our proposed mechanism selectively retransmits the corrupted packets based on the actual video bit rate and the TCP-Friendly Rate Control (TFRC), which is integrated to the preferred DCCP transport protocol.
A Model for Providing Mobile Multimedia Services Over 4G Networks
Authors: Basu Kashinath
Published: May 2010

A significant proportion of the traffic on the 4th generation of mobile networks (4G) will be interactive multimedia traffic. This chapter presents the development and evaluation of an edge device model for the lu interface of a 4G network for mapping the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements and traffic characteristics of aggregated IP traffic flows belonging to multiple classes of continuous media (Audio and Video) sources and data classes from the core network onto a single ATM Virtual Channel (VC) at the access network. This model was developed as part of a wider range of research activity focused on supporting QoS in future mobile networks.
Unlocking the Hidden Power of the Mobile
Authors: Doolan Daniel C. , Tabirca Sabin , Yang Laurence T.
Published: May 2010

Today in the beginning of the 21st century, mobile devices are now ubiquitous. No matter where we go or what we do, we are touched by this new insatiable need for mobile computing. Mobile devices, especially mobile phones, have become the essential commodity item. In many countries the world over, mobile phone ownership is well above 100% market penetration. The main features predominantly used are text messaging and voice communications. The phones of today, however, have far more to offer than these interpersonal communication features. Many phones include components such as digital cameras, wireless data communication systems (Bluetooth), and music playback facilities. Some even include additional sensor technology such as accelerometers to detect motion. Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) are now shipped as standard with almost every phone that comes off the production line. This opens the door to a huge body of developers to create applications specifically directed to these small mobile computing devices. The area of mobile Java games is one area of growth, especially due to the ease of deployment. Mobiles are, however, capable of so much more. This chapter focuses on the computational abilities of these small portable computers. It provides a selection of concrete results that indicate that mobiles are more than capable of performing complex computational tasks; therefore, the future of computing is mobile.
Parallel Computing on a Mobile Device
Authors: Doolan Daniel C. , Tabirca Sabin , Yang Laurence T.
Published: May 2010

The Message Passing Interface (MPI) was published as a standard in 1992. Since then, many implementations have been developed. The MPICH library is one of the most well-known and freely available implementations. These libraries allow for the simplification of parallel computing on clusters and parallel machines. The system provides the developer with an easy-to-use set of functions for point-to-point and global communications. The details of how the actual communication takes place are hidden from the programmers, allowing them to focus on the domain-specific problem at hand. Communication between nodes on such systems is carried out via high-speed cabled interconnects (Gigabit Ethernet and upwards). The world of mobile computing, especially mobile phones, is now a ubiquitous technology. Mobile devices do not have any facility to allow for connections using traditional high-speed cabling; therefore, it is necessary to make use of wireless communication mechanisms to achieve interdevice communication. The majority of medium- to high-end phones are Bluetooth-enabled as standard, allowing for wireless communication to take place. The Mobile Message Passing Interface (MMPI) provides the developer with an intuitive set of functions to allow for communications between nodes (mobile phones) across a Bluetooth network. This chapter looks at the MMPI library and how it may be used for parallel computing on mobile phones (Smartphones).
Mobility within Rich Multimedia Services
Authors: Lassabe Frédéric , Canalda Philippe , Charlet Damien , Chatonnay Pascal , Spies François
Published: May 2010

Advances in technology have enabled a proliferation of mobile devices and a broad spectrum of novel and outbreaking solutions for new applications and services. Presently more and more people and companies are demanding mobile access to multimedia services such as real-time rich media. Today, it is necessary to be able to predict adaptation behavior that concerns and addresses not only the mobile usage or the infrastructure availability, but also the service quality, especially the continuity of service. Our chapter provides insight to new challenges of mobile multimedia services and applications: wifi indoor positioning system adapted to heterogeneous building, static and learning mobility prediction, predictive handover policy for multimedia cache management, mobile multimedia guide (e.g., museums), and network scalability.
Mobile Computing
Authors: Sofokleous Anastasis A. , Angelides Marios C. , Schizas Christos N.
Published: May 2010

Mobile communications and computing has changed forever the way people communicate and interact and it has made “any information, any device, any network, anytime, anywhere” an everyday reality which we all take for granted. This chapter discusses the main research and development in the mobile technology and standards that made ubiquity a reality: from wireless middleware to wireless client profiling to m-commerce services.
Personalized Redirection of Communication and Data
Authors: Yang Yuping
Published: May 2010

One current vision of future communication systems lies in a universal system that can deliver information and communications at any time and place and in any form. However, in addition to this, the user needs to be able to control what communication is delivered and where, depending on his or her context and the nature of the communication. Personalized redirection is concerned with providing the user with appropriate control over this. Depending on the user’s preferences, current context and attributes of the communication the user can control its delivery. This chapter provides an understanding of what is meant by personalized redirection through a set of scenarios. From these, it identifies the common features and requirements for any system for personalized communications, and hence the essential functionality required to support this. It goes on to describe in detail two systems that aim to provide a personalized redirection service for communication and information.
Mobile Multimedia Collaborative Services
Authors: Van Thanh Do , Jørstad Ivar , Dustdar Schahram
Published: May 2010

Mobile communication and Web technologies have paved the way for mobile multimedia collaborative services that allows people, team and organisation to collaborate in dynamic, flexible and efficient manner. Indeed, it should be possible to establish and terminate collaborative services with any partner anytime at anywhere on any network and any device. While severe requirements are imposed on collaborative services, their development and deployment should be simple and less time-consuming. The design, implementation, deployment and operation of collaborative services meet challenging issues that need to be resolved. The chapter starts with a study of collaboration and the different collaboration forms. An overview of existing collaborative services will be given. A generic model of mobile collaborative services is explained together with the basic collaborative services. A service oriented architecture platform supporting mobile multimedia collaborative services is described. To illustrate the development of mobile multimedia collaborative service, an example is given.
Mobility Prediction for Multimedia Services
Authors: Charlet Damien , Lassabe Frédéric , Canalda Philippe , Chatonnay Pascal , Spies François
Published: May 2010

Advances in technology have enabled a proliferation of mobile devices and a broad spectrum of novel and out breaking solutions for new applications and services. In the present, more and more people and companies are demanding mobile access to multimedia services such as real-time rich media. Today, it is necessary to be able to predict adaptation behaviour which concerns and addresses not only the mobile usage or the infrastructure availability, but the service quality especially the continuity of service. Our chapter provides insight to new challenges of mobile multimedia services and applications: Wifi indoor positioning system adapted to heterogeneous building, static and learning mobility prediction, predictive handover policy for multimedia cache management, mobile multimedia guide (such as museum), and network scalability.
Reviewing Mobile Marketing Research to Date
Authors: Drossos Dimitris , Giaglis George M.
Published: May 2010

The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate and reflect upon the extant literature on mobile marketing with a view of identifying contributions, gaps and avenues for future research. The review is based on more than two hundred articles published in leading journals and conference proceedings. We first discuss key areas that have already attracted the attention of researchers, such as consumer acceptance in mmarketing and location-sensitive mobile marketing. We then focus on the emerging area of ubiquitous marketing and illustrate how mobile and wireless devices and technologies can become the enablers of meaningful dialogues between customers and marketers on an omnipresent basis. Ubiquitous marketing could be the next frontier in electronic commerce and customer relationship management.
Framework for Mobile Marketing
Authors: Lee Dennis , Muhlberger Ralf , Brown Mark
Published: May 2010

This chapter suggests that mobile marketing research take an Interaction Design approach through the adoption of the Locales Framework as an alternative perspective to investigate the context of mobile marketing. The research shows how such an approach can integrate marketing and new technology research, highlighting the issues and opportunities brought about by the technology within a domain context, i.e. mobile marketing. Given that there are not many theoretically based frameworks available to support mobile marketing research, the application of this framework provides a roadmap for future research in mobile marketing and helps build the body of knowledge in this field.