bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Molekuler Blastocystis sp. pada Monyet Ekor Panjang (Macaca fascicularis) di Taman Nasional Baluran, Situbondo, Jawa Timur
Authors: Kurniawati Dyah Ayu , Suwanti Lucia Tri , Lastuti Nunuk Dyah Retno , Koesdarto Setiawan , Suprihati Endang , Mufasirin Mufasirin , Pratiwi Arif
Published: October 2020

Interaksi yang dekat antara monyet ekor panjang dengan manusia dapat meningkatkan risiko penularan penyakit zoonosis. Blastocystis sp. adalah protozoa gastrointestinal pada manusia dan hewan yang yang bersifat zoonosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi Blastocystis sp. yang menginfeksi monyet ekor panjang melalui identifikasi molekuler. Identifikasi Blastocystis sp. pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode morfologis dan molekuler. Sebanyak 90 feses individu monyet ekor panjang Taman Nasional Baluran dilakukan pemeriksaan secara mikroskopis setelah dilakukan kultur pada Jones Medium. 28 dari sampel yang positif secara mikroskopis dilanjutkan dengan uji PCR dengan target primer barcode region yang mempunyai visualisasi 600bp. Tiga sampel dengan band positif 600bp dilanjutkan dengan squencing. Hasil sekuens diproses dalam BLAST dan MLST. Satu sampel yang terkonfirmasi sebagai Blastocystis sp. dengan infeksi campuran dari subtipe 1 alel 2 dan subtipe 3 alel 34. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Blastocystis sp. terdapat pada monyet ekor panjang di Taman Nasional Baluran dengan prevalensi rendah.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gliserol dalam Pengencer Tris Terhadap Kualitas Spermatozoa Kambing Sapera Before Freezing
Authors: Hanifah Novi Fitria , Ratnani Hermin , Purnama Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad , Restiadi Tjuk Imam , Agustono Bodhi , Prastiya Ragil Angga
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi gliserol yang optimal dalam pengencer tris dalam mempertahankan kualitas spermatozoa kambing Sapera. Penelitian ini menggunakan kambing Sapera jantan umur 1.5 tahun. Konsentrasi gliserol yang digunakan adalah 5%, 6% dan 7%. Semen ditampung dua kali dalam seminggu dengan menggunakan vagina buatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata persentase motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa pada pengencer dengan gliserol 6% masing-masing 62.33% dan 75.83% terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0.05) dibandingkan pada pengencer dengan gliserol 5% masing-masing 57.67% dan 68.33% dan 7% masing-masing 59% dan 70.33%. Rata-rata abnormalitas pada pengencer dengan gliserol 5%, 6% dan 7% masing-masing 8%, 7.5% dan 7.67% tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0.05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan gliserol 6% dalam pengencer Tris berhasil melindungi spermatozoa dari cekaman dingin selama proses gliserolisasi, sehingga dapat mempertahankan motilitas, vibilitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoa.
Infeksi Larva Angiostrongylus cantonensis pada Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata) di Lima Desa Lingkar Kampus IPB Dramaga
Authors: Tiuria Risa , Noviara Sherly
Published: October 2020

Keong mas (Pomacea canaliculata) adalah keong air tawar yang banyak dijumpai di area persawahan. Banyak masyarakat mengkonsumsi keong mas karena selain rasanya yang enak, keong mas juga memiliki kandungan protein yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persentase kecacingan nematoda pada keong mas. Angiostrongylus cantonensis adalah parasit nematoda zoonotik yang hidup pada keong mas  dalam stadium larva infektif. Manusia terinfeksi A. cantonensis bila  memakan keong mas yang terinfeksi larva infektif A. cantonensis dalam kondisi tidak matang. Studi cross-sectional digunakan dalam pengumpulan 150 ekor keong mas dari genangan air di sawah lima desa di sekitar Kampus IPB Dramaga. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan persentase larva A. cantonensis yang terdapat pada keong mas sebesar 20% di Desa Cihideung Hilir, 16% di Desa Cangkurawok, 6% di Desa Ciapus, 3% di Desa Suka Makmur dan 0% di Desa Cinangneng. Perbedaan persentase keberadaan larva nematoda pada keong mas  tampaknya sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi sanitasi lingkungan  pada habitat keong mas. Hasil studi ini mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat ancaman infeksi cacing zoonotik pada masyarakat di kelima desa tersebut dan hal ini perlu mendapat perhatian dari sisi sanitasi dan hiegene lingkungan sebagai salah satu upaya pencegahannya.
Seroprevalensi Penyakit Infeksius Bronkitis dengan Metode Indirect-ELISA pada Itik (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) dan Ayam Buras (Gallus gallus domesticus) yang Dijual di Pasar Mojosari Mojokerto
Authors: Rahmahani Jola , Widjaja Nanik Sianita , Suwarno Suwarno
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seroprevalensi kejadian Infeksius Bronkitis (IB) pada itik dan ayam buras berdasarkan pengujian antibodi. Itik dan ayam buras yang mengandung antibodi dipastikan pernah tertular virus IB karena tidak ada program vaksinasi.Sampling dilakukan di Pasar Mojosari Kabupaten Mojokerto, masing-masing sebesar 120 ekor, yang diambil selama kali empat kali, masing-masing sebanyak 30 ekor. Pengujian antibodi dilakukan dengan teknik indirect-ELISA menggunakan strain Massachusetts sebagai antigen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kasus seroprevalensi IB pada itik menunjukkan jumlah yang positif sebesar 30ekor (25%) dari 120 ekor sampel yang diperiksa. Pada ayam buras dari sejumlah 120 ekor yang diperiksa, 87 ekor (72.5%) diantaranya menunjukkan hasil positif. Reaktivitas antiboditerdeteksi ditunjukkan dengan kisaran titer antibodi antara 4.157-12.217 pada itik dan antara 4.173-170.795 pada ayam buras.
Gastrointestinal Disorders in Cat due to Feed Mycotoxin Contamination
Authors: Sukmanadi Mohammad , Sofyan Miyayu Soneta
Published: October 2020

This case reported about mycotoxin contamination on cat feed cause gastrointestinal disorders. A 5 y.o. male domestic short hair cat (Felix domesticus) was brought to the Animal Hospital, Universitas Airlangga with a history has been lethargic and disphagia for 2 days with vomiting a yellow fluid and diarrhea. Bowel movements, increasing in panting, and urination were examined. Observation in cat with gastrointestinal disorders for 5 days in animal hospital. Abnormal intestine and hepatomegaly based on x-ray were confirmed about mycotoxin contamination on cat food. Treatment for contamination on cat food was done by given protexin like probiotic to stimulate a villi intestinal growth and gastric condition. Itraconazole for antifungal to maintanace mycotoxin contamination was also considered. Our prescription was performed for our management treatment with gastrointestinal disoders. In advice, veterinarians should be giving information about the nutritional diet for a pet animal.
The effects of drought and supplemental UV-B radiation on physiological and biochemical traits of the grapevine cultivar “Soultanina”
Authors: Doupis George , Chartzoulakis Konstantinos S. , Taskos Demetris , Patakas Angelos
Published: October 2020

Aim: In the Mediterranean region, grapevines usually undergo drought and high UV-B intensities during their summer growth season. The present study was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of these two abiotic stressors on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of a major Greek raisin variety (Vitis vinifera L. cv Soultanina).Methods and results: The experimental plants were three-years-old, grafted onto 110R rootstock and grown outdoors in 25 L pots containing a peat:perlite:sand (3:1:1, v/v/v) potting mixture. Grapevines were subjected to two irrigation treatments: (1) Well-Watered (plants were uniformly irrigated on a daily basis to soil substrate capacity), and (2) Water-Stressed (plants were equally irrigated with 50 % of the amount of water provided to Well-Watered plants), and to two levels of UV-B radiation: (1) ambient UV-B radiation, and (2) ambient plus 15 % UV-B radiation. Although the combination of drought and supplemental UV-B radiation appeared to have synergistic effects on gas exchange characteristics and H2O2 production, the development of biochemical limitations to photosynthesis was not detectable. Compared to the other stress treatments, WW±15 % UV-B plants exhibited higher stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthetic rate (PN).Conclusion: Under elevated UV-B radiation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activation, chlorophyll degradation and enhanced synthesis of carotenoids all helped the plant to maintain its physiological functions, while in Water-Stressed plants irrespective of the level of UV-B, a more pronounced role of abscisic acid (ABA) and trans-zeatin-riboside (t-ZR) in mediating stomatal responses was revealed.Significance of the study: Our results imply that the environmental conditions were not stressful enough to report the occurrence of non-diffusional limitations to photosynthesis. In addition, two different adaptive responses in relation to the applied abiotic stressor were shown.
O CONTROLE JUDICIAL DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS SOCIAIS. O ENTENDIMENTO DOS TRIBUNAIS SUPERIORES
Authors: Santos Aline Sueli de Salles , Rossatto Camila de Bortoli
Published: October 2020

Visando garantir a efetivação dos direitos fundamentais sociais, existe a possibilidade do controle judicial das políticas públicas pelo Poder Judiciário. Neste sentido, com o objetivo de realizar uma análise teórica da legitimidade desta intervenção, foram selecionadas cinco decisões que refletem o posicionamento preponderante dos Tribunais. Dessas, quatro decisões foram proferidas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) e uma pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ), todas versando sobre a questão da legitimidade constitucional do controle e intervenção do Poder Judiciário na implementação das políticas públicas. A importância deste artigo se justifica ante a existência de algumas questões controversas nestes julgamentos. Entre elas, cita-se a intangibilidade dos direitos fundamentais (e princípio do mínimo existencial) frente à cláusula da reserva do possível, bem como a legitimidade da ingerência do Poder Judiciário nos demais poderes. Por fim, nota-se uma possível afronta ao princípio constitucional da separação dos poderes. Assim, observando as decisões dos Tribunais Superiores, bem como o entendimento da moderna doutrina a respeito do assunto ora proposto, realizou-se uma pesquisa teórica documental. Através de nossa análise, pôde-se concluir que o princípio fundamental da dignidade da pessoa humana justifica o controle judicial das políticas públicas pelo Poder Judiciário.
A PARTICIPAÇÃO POLÍTICA DO DEFICIENTE MENTAL
Authors: Loureiro Guilherme Aires , Worm Naima
Published: October 2020

Pretende-se com esta pesquisa lançar luz sobre um tema pouco discutido na doutrina eleitoral, a participação polícia passiva dos deficientes mentais, cuja tutela jurídica ainda é precária. Assim, questões polêmicas relacionadas ao deficiente no contexto da Justiça Eleitoral serão abordadas no texto. Para discutir a questão central do texto, apresentar-se-á os conceitos fundantes dos direitos políticos, da suspensão destes por incapacidade civil absoluta, bem como sobre o processo judicial de interdição e ao final sobre o direito de sufrágio das pessoas com deficiência mental. Utilizou-se como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica. Abordou-se o direito ao sufrágio do deficiente mental à luz da construção dos direitos humanos.
A REINSERÇÃO NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO DO EMPREGADO REDUZIDO À CONDIÇÃO ANÁLOGA À DE ESCRAVO COMO MEIO DE CONCRETIZAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Canhedo Nathalia
Published: October 2020

O trabalho reduzido à condição análoga à de escravo completa, em 2015, cinquenta anos de sua existência no Brasil. Os trabalhadores são aliciados por terceiros para uma jornada exaustiva, degradante, sem o mínimo de condições salubres para a sobrevivência, ferindo um dos maiores fundamentos da República Federativa do Brasil, a dignidade da pessoa humana. Ainda que cause estranheza, o tema é atual e de suma importância, tendo em vista a transgressão de direitos elementares do ser humano. Além da busca incessante pelo combate ao escravismo contemporâneo há ainda uma enorme preocupação na reinserção do empregado no mercado de trabalho. O objetivo do presente trabalho, portanto, é averiguar se os poderes públicos têm atuado na criação de programas sociais que visem não apenas à erradicação do trabalho forçado, mas também o acompanhamento dos trabalhadores capturados para que possam retornar de forma digna ao mercado de trabalho, com a profissionalização e a capacitação da mão de obra. Para tanto, utilizar-se-á especialmente a investigação histórica, por meio de método dedutivo, com auxílio da pesquisa descritiva e bibliográfica sobre o tema. Ao final, pode-se concluir que, embora já existam em alguns Estados iniciativas de programas sociais de reinserção do trabalhador no mercado, fato é que tais empreendimentos ainda são muito pequenos diante da gravidade do problema. E mais, o alto índice de retorno ao trabalho forçado obsta a esses empregados a concretização de seus direitos humanos, o que deve ser rechaçado pela sociedade moderna.
Assédio Moral na Administração Pública: aplicabilidade e efetividade do Projeto de Lei nº 8.178/14
Authors: Barboza Ana Paula Biage , Da Silva Antônia Maria
Published: October 2020

O trabalho tratará do assédio moral laboral na Administração Pública, através da possiblidade de aplicabilidade e efetividade do Projeto de Lei nº 8.178/14, que tramita em regime de urgência, e busca a alteração do artigo 11, da Lei nº 8429/92, para configurar o assédio moral como conduta improba e violadora de princípios constitucionais. O projeto supracitado é produto de um julgamento em 2013, pela 2ª turma do STJ, que reconheceu o assédio moral como ato de improbidade administrativa. Ademais, será tratado e enfatizado como essa conduta violadora da dignidade humana, pode contrariar, frontalmente, os princípios constitucionais, a Segurança Jurídica, o Estado Democrático de Direito, além de que custar muito aos cofres públicos.
Inviabilidade da desaposentação no Regime Geral: Análise dos Óbices Jurídicos e Procedimentais à sua concessão
Authors: Dias Lidiane Dutra
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a (in)viabilidade jurídica e procedimental do instituto da desaposentação, isto é, da renúncia à aposentadoria concedida para requerer novo benefício mais vantajoso. Para tanto, necessário se fez examinar detidamente a origem e o conceito de desaposentação e, em seguida, os principais argumentos que norteiam a discussão da matéria, promovendo um exame sistêmico dentro do arcabouço previdenciário e constitucional vigente.
PERFIL DOS CONCILIADORES NO TOCANTINS: ÂMBITO FEDERAL, ESTADUAL E DE PALMAS- TO
Authors: Marinho Elizângela Brito Rodrigues , Vieira Murilo Braz
Published: October 2020

Tendo em vista a evolução dos conflitos surge à necessidade de se adotar mecanismos legais de solução mais céleres. Dentre esses mecanismos pode-se citar a capacitação para formar conciliadores para atuarem nas centrais de conciliação. Afinal as capacitações tem o objetivo de habilitar o conciliador a auxiliar às partes a buscar que buscam uma solução para o litígio de forma mais justa. Nesse âmbito surge no meio jurídico a figura do conciliador. A atuação do conciliador está previsto em diversos dispositivos legais. O estudo a seguir tem o objetivo de compreender e apresentar o perfil do conciliador no Âmbito Federal, Estadual e da Comarca de Palmas no Tocantins. No Tocantins há duas opções de curso para formação de conciliadores, podendo ser pela justiça estadual ou justiça federal. Uma exigência para atuar como conciliador como prevê o Conselho Nacional de Justiça é exercer sua função com lisura, respeitar os princípios e regras deste Código, assinar, para tanto, no início do exercício, termo de compromisso e submeter-se às orientações do Juiz Coordenador da unidade a que esteja vinculado. Observou-se que as capacitações promovidas pelo judiciário no Estado do Tocantins, foco desta pesquisa, assumem um papel cada vez mais importante para a solução do litigio e na busca da celeridade para assim diminuir a quantidade de processos sem solução nos fóruns do Estado.
OS REFLEXOS NO CONCEITO CONTEMPORÂNEO DA DECISÃO DE MÉRITO NA AÇÃO RESCISÓRIA
Authors: Ribeiro Márcia Regina Lobato Farneze
Published: October 2020

A ação rescisória tinha como ponto de partida a sentença de mérito. O conceito de sentença se altera no Código de Processo Civil de 2015, e ainda o mérito pode ser conhecido fora da peça processual que põe termo ao processo. Tais alterações ganham status de verdadeira revolução dentro da ciência processual, razão pela qual a atualização do instituto se impõe. Considerando-se ainda que o padrão normativo oferecido para o desenvolvimento da ação rescisória na Justiça do Trabalho é o mesmo do processo civil, e que a procedimentalidade contempla situações distintas de aplicabilidade, o reexame da matéria concita a formação de nova doutrina.
SOCIOAFETIVIDADE:O VALOR JURÍDICO DO AFETO E SEUS EFEITOS NO DIREITO PÁTRIO
Authors: Marques Vinicius Pinheiro , Santana Nadhya Souza
Published: October 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo estudar o estado de filiação socioafetivo e os efeitos pessoais e materiais decursivos do seu reconhecimento, à luz do Texto Constitucional de 1988 garantiu tratamento igualitário aos filhos havidos ou não da relação conjugal, vedando quaisquer formas de discriminação. Será demonstrado que não se pode desprezar as relações paternas e/ou maternas- filiais consubstanciadas apenas na afetividade, no qual o filho afetivo tem o direito de ter o pai e/ou mãe socioafetivo reconhecido de forma legal, a ter essa filiação no assento registral. Com isso, demonstrar-se-á que a carga genética não é condição única e determinante de ser pai ou mãe, haja vista que a relação da maternidade e/ou paternidade é desenvolvida com a convivência familiar. Assim, necessário é compreender que o afeto tem o papel determinante para o pleno desenvolvimento do menor, como também é primordial na construção do vínculo afetivo de pais e filhos. A metodologia empregada na pesquisa foi o método de abordagem dedutivo, através do estudo doutrinário e análise da legislação.
GOBERNANZA DE LOS RECURSOS HIDRICOS TRANSFRONTERIZOS: UNA PROPUESTA
Authors: Aliseda Julián Mora , Velarde Jacinto Garrido , Aliseda Consuelo Mora
Published: October 2020

Existen numerosos precedentes de aplicación de la planificación estratégica y de los sistemas de planificación integrada a distintos ámbitos de la gestión de los recursos naturales. El antecedente más claro y evidente es la Estrategia Territorial Europea, consistente en un ambicioso proyecto y esfuerzo de homogeneización terminológica y de convención técnica en materia de ordenación territorial y urbana en el que se han involucrado todos los países de la Unión Europea. El modelo de la Estrategia Territorial Europea es sin duda un modelo muy válido, tanto como metodología de trabajo como de sistema de concertación de la clase investigadora y la clase política de los países implicados.  En lo que toca específicamente a la planificación estratégica de los recursos hídricos y de la gestión del agua, evidentemente las experiencias existentes son escasas. Debe tenerse presente que hasta la fecha la gestión de los recursos hídricos y de las cuencas hidrográficas ha tenido un carácter muy sectorial y ha estado muy restringida al ámbito de actuación de las respectivas instituciones gubernamentales responsables de la gestión, esto es, las Confederaciones Hidrográficas en el caso español y el Instituto Nacional del Agua (INAG) en el caso portugués. Por ello, el presente estudio realiza un análisis de la Estrategia Territorial Europea como punto de partida para establecer la cooperación transfronteriza Hispano-Lusa en la gestión de los recursos hídricos, estableciendo tras dicho análisis las propuestas metodológicas a seguir para abordar y concretar dicha cooperación fronteriza transnacional, en pro de la gestión de los recursos hídricos de la Península Ibérica.
A INDISPONIBILIDADE DO BEM JURÍDICO VIDA E O DIREITO DE MORRER DIGNAMENTE
Authors: Marques Fernando Tadeu , Tessaro Amanda Gurzone
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo, expõe o estudo acerca da Eutanásia, exibindo o conceito, a evolução histórica sobre o procedimento e suas classificações. Teve-se por objetivo demonstrar a legalidade da prática desse método para assegurar à pessoa o exercício dos direitos fundamentais, uma vez que, o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro não permite esse procedimento, tanto no atual Código Penal brasileiro, quanto no Anteprojeto do Novo Código Penal. Por meio desse estudo foi desempenhada a análise de casos concretos, dos cuidados paliativos como alternativa e das legislações atinentes. Retrata sobre a indisponibilidade do bem jurídico vida. Apresenta o direito ao testamento vital e sua implantação. Por fim, discorre sobre o direito à morte digna, exercendo autonomia sobre a própria vida. Desse modo, este presente estudo teve por resultado que, a legalização da eutanásia é necessária para garantir ao indivíduo a liberdade de escolha em realizar este procedimento e que seja realizado de um modo seguro com respaldo em lei.
A APOSENTADORIA DO PROFESSOR DE EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA NA LEGISLAÇÃO PREVIDENCIÁRIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Machado Junior Wilton Antonio
Published: October 2020

O Brasil passa por momentos instáveis que acarretam desequilíbrios em todas as esferas, a política não fica fora desse cenário. O “rombo” da previdência social é um assunto reiteradamente discutido na esfera política, empresarial e pela mídia. Em função disso, nota-se a preocupação da sociedade com a sua futura aposentadoria. O objetivo deste artigo foi mostrar os requisitos e a evolução histórica da legislação em torno da aposentadoria de professor de educação básica no Regime Geral de Previdência Social. E, também, diferenciar a aposentadoria comum no Regime Geral de Previdência Social e a aposentadoria vinculada aos professores da educação básica.  Como metodologia, foi adotada a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental por meio da leitura crítica de obras pertinentes ao enfrentamento do tema. Os professores de ensino básico que estão vinculados ao Regime Geral de Previdência Social e requerem a aposentadoria por tempo de contribuição tem direito a aposentadoria 5 anos antes do estipulados para os outros contribuintes; e, apenas os professores básica que exercem a profissão dentro da sala de aula, direção e assessoramento gozam do benefício de aposentadoria com a diminuição de 5 anos.
PRONAF PARA QUÊ E PARA QUEM?:ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DOS CENÁRIOS BRASILEIRO E GOIANO
Authors: Jordão Luciana Ramos , Silva Thiago Henrique Costa , Carvalho Lívia Sales Carneiro
Published: October 2020

O artigo discute o Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar a partir dos sujeitos alcançados a fim de verificar sua efetividade e atenção às diretrizes que pautaram sua criação. Objetiva fazer uma análise qualitativa com uma discussão crítica de dados secundários sobre a quantidade de contratos assinados e o volume de investimentos, bem como sua distribuição entre os estados brasileiros. Para tanto, discute os conceitos de agricultura familiar e campesinato bem como consequências advindas da estruturação legislativa brasileira. Assim, a partir da análise de dados da política pública do Brasil e de Goiás, levanta críticas à dificuldade de diversificação do tipo de produção, bem como da concentração de acesso aos créditos por uma pequena parcela dos supostos beneficiários, gerando distorções no caráter inclusivo que o programa de governo busca promover.
CONFLITO ENTRE O SIGILO E O ACESSO À INFORMAÇÃO: O CASO DOS PRONTUÁRIOS MÉDICOS NA JURISPRUDÊNCIA DO SUPERIOR TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Beatriz Freitas , Bentes Dorinethe dos Santos
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo compreender o significado atual de prontuário médico e avaliar se a jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça aplica de modo razoável os preceitos da Lei de Acesso à Informação e do sigilo médico, quando trata de dados constantemente referidos nos prontuários dos pacientes (direito à privacidade). O estudo utilizou o método dialético, mais adequado ao contexto contemporâneo, pois a temática em tela requer uma análise que contemple contradições, em conflitos de difícil solução. O texto procura demonstrar que a avaliação e aproveitamento das informações dos prontuários médicos deve ser cotejada com a proteção à privacidade dos pacientes.
THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RORAIMA: educommunication in times of Covid-19
Authors: Gomes Sandra Maria de Morais , Baptaglin Leila Adriana
Published: October 2020

This investigation proposal seeks to analyze the educommunicational processes promoted by the Federal University of Roraima (UFRR) in its attempt to continue activities during the Covid-19 pandemic period. To this end, the following topics were raised for discussion: Covid-19; the Amazon; educommunication and mobile technology.  Through an investigation at the UFRR portal and empirical data collected with the Undergraduate Courses in Social Communication-Journalism and, Licentiate in Visual Arts, we found technical and didactic difficulties. However, the UFRR has been promoting different strategies such as the document #Learning Never Stops in order to study and enable educommunicational strategies that take advantage of Distance Learning and mobile technology.
A UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RORAIMA: educomunicação e a tecnologia mobile em tempos do Covid-19
Authors: Gomes Sandra Maria de Morais , Baptaglin Leila Adriana
Published: October 2020

Esta proposta investigativa busca analisar os processos educomunicacionais mobilizados pela Universidade Federal de Roraima (UFRR) na tentativa de continuidade das atividades durante o período da pandemia do Covid-19. Para isso foram mobilizados teóricos para discutir: o Covid-19; a Amazônia; a educomunicação e a tecnologia mobile.  A partir de uma investigação no portal da UFRR e de dados empíricos coletados com os Cursos de Graduação em Comunicação Social-Jornalismo e, Licenciatura em Artes Visuais percebemos dificuldades técnicas e didáticas. Contudo, a UFRR vem mobilizando diferentes estratégias como o documento #Aprendizagem Nunca Para a fim de pesquisar e viabilizar estratégias educomunicacionais que façam uso da Educação à distância e da tecnologia mobile.
WOULD DISTANCE EDUCATION BE THE ANSWER FOR A PANDEMIC TIME?
Authors: Rosenau Luciana dos Santos , Dyck Michele Simonian , Pegorini Diana Gurgel , Urbanetz Sandra Terezinha
Published: October 2020

This article aims to reflect on the educational policies, for higher education, enacted in the period of Coronavirus pandemic and the conditions for the provision of Distance Education (DE) in an emergency character of the best quality. The researchers tried to understand in this work, as a research problem, if DE would be the answer for a pandemic time. The methodology is based on Bogdan and Biklen (1994) and Creswell (2010; 2014) which deal with the qualitative paradigm. Gil (2008) contributes to this work with the exploratory approach. As a source of data, this work used the educational legal bases researches already consolidated in distance education, and the daily work of the authors as teachers in federal public institutions, as well as the process they experienced in facing the coronavirus pandemic regarding education practices remote / online / distance created based on legislation that allowed face-to-face classes to be replaced by distance activities.
INTRODUCTORY NOTES ABOUT THE RIGHTS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19
Authors: Imperatori Thaís Kristosch , Bezerra Felipe Portela
Published: October 2020

The reflections presented in this article discuss the guarantee of the right to life for all, granted by the Brazilian State, recognizing the specificities of people with disabilities in the context of the Covid-19 outbreak. The research methodology analyzes public statements and notes from councils and entities of civil society that defend the rights of people with disabilities in the face of threats during a pandemic. It is observed that this population segment becomes more vulnerable to contracting coronavirus and its implications. The mobilization of civil society to defend the guarantee of the right to life and human dignity is highlighted.
NOTAS INTRODUTÓRIAS SOBRE O DIREITO À VIDA DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NO CONTEXTO DE COVID-19
Authors: Imperatori Thaís Kristosch , Bezerra Felipe Portela
Published: October 2020

As reflexões apresentadas no presente artigo tratam da garantia do direito à vida a todos por parte do Estado brasileiro reconhecendo as especificidades das pessoas com deficiência no contexto de Covid-19. O percurso metodológico analisa manifestações e notas públicas de conselhos e entidades da sociedade civil de defesa de direitos das pessoas com deficiência frente às ameaças durante a pandemia. Observa-se que esse segmento se torna mais vulnerável à contaminação e às suas implicações. Destaca-se a mobilização da sociedade civil para defender a garantia do direito à vida e dignidade humana.
A Knowledge Representation of the Miller-Urey Experiment
Authors: Burgos Javier
Published: October 2020

We present an ontology log-OLOG- representation of the classical Miller-Urey experiment, usually considered as a paradigm for spontaneous generation of biomolecules on the prebiotic Earth and also, as a key in understanding the chemical evolution phenomena linked to the origins of life. Ologging The Miler-Urey experiment enables us, through the categorical notion of fibre product or pullback, to define the concept of Biogenic Space, as a space containing low complexity biogenic units subjected to appropriate physical and chemical conditions, facilitating the synthesis of highly complex organic molecules. Also, we characterize the Biogenic Space as a concrete universal object that could be associated with the preconditions for life inside various structures in the universe such as exoplanets and exomoons located in habitable zones, but also in interstellar and intergalactic organic clouds.
Virome Temporal Variation During Sea Star Wasting Disease Progression in Pisaster ochraceus (Asteroidea, Echinodermata)
Authors: Hewson Ian , Aquino Citlalli A. , DeRito Christopher M.
Published: October 2020

Sea star wasting disease (SSWD) is a condition that has affected asteroids for over 120 years, yet mechanistic understanding of wasting etiology remains elusive. We investigated temporal virome variation in two Pisaster ochraceus specimens that wasted in the absence of external stimuli and two specimens that did not experience SSWD for the duration of our study, and compared viromes of wasting lesion margin tissues to both artificial scar margins and grossly normal tissues over time. Global assembly of all SSWD-affected tissue libraries resulted in 45 viral genome fragments represented in >1 library. Genome fragments mostly matched densoviruses and picornaviruses with fewer matching nodaviruses, narnaviruses and sobemoviruses. Picornavirus-like and densovirus-like genome fragments were most similar to viral genomes recovered in metagenomic study of other marine invertebrates. Read recruitment revealed only 2 picornavirus-like genome fragments that recruited from only SSWD-affected specimens, but neither was unique to wasting lesions. Wasting lesion margin reads recruited to a greater number of viral genotypes (i.e. richness) than did either scar tissue and grossly normal tissue reads. Taken together, these data suggest that no single viral genome fragment was associated with SSWD. Rather, wasting lesion margins may generally support viral proliferation.
Ex-Utero Intrapartum Treatment (EXIT): indications and outcome in fetal cervical and oropharyngeal masses
Authors: García-Díaz Lutgardo , Chimenea Ángel , de Agustín Juan Carlos , Pavón Antonio , Antiñolo Guillermo
Published: October 2020

Background: The “Ex-Utero Intrapartum Treatment” (EXIT) procedure allows to ensure fetal airway before completion of delivery and umbilical cord clamping while keeping uteroplacental circulation. Airway obstruction in fetal oropharyngeal and cervical masses can be life-threatening at birth. In those situations, controlled access to fetal airway performed by a trained multidisciplinary team allows safe airway management, while feto-maternal circulation is preserved. We aim to review the indications and outcome of the EXIT procedure in a case series of fetal cervical and oropharyngeal masses.Methods: We have carried out a retrospective review of all patients with fetal cervical and oropharyngeal masses who underwent an EXIT procedure between 2008 and 2019. Variables evaluated included indication for EXIT, ultrasound and MRI findings, the need of amnioreduction, gestational age at EXIT, birth weight, complications, operative time, survival rate, pathological findings, and postnatal evolution. Five patients are included in this series. One additional case has already been published.Results: The diagnosis were cervical teratoma (n=1), epulis (n=1) and lymphangioma (n=3). Polyhydramnios was present in 2 patients, requiring amnioreduction in one of them. Mean gestational age at EXIT was 36-37 weeks (range, 34-38 weeks). Median EXIT time in placental support was 9 minutes (range, 3-22 minutes). Access to airway was successfully established in EXIT in all cases. All children born by EXIT are currently healthy and without complications. Conclusion: The localization and characteris­tics of the mass, its relationship to the airway, and the presence of polyhydramnios seem to be major factors determining indications for EXIT and clinical outcome.
Relationship between the atlantodental interval and T1 slope after atlantoaxial fusion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ha Byeong Jin , Won Yu Deok , Ryu Jeil , Han Myung-Hoon , Cheong Jin Hwan , Kim Jae Min , Chun Hyoung-Joon , Bak Koang-Hum , Bae In-Suk
Published: October 2020

Background: Atlantoaxial fusion has been widely used for the treatment of atlantoaxial instability (AAI). However, atlantoaxial fusion sacrifices the motion of atlantoaxial articulation, and postoperative loss of cervical lordosis and aggravation of cervical kyphosis are observed. We investigated various factors under the hypothesis that the atlantodental interval (ADI) and T1 slope may be associated with sagittal alignment after atlantoaxial fusion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods: We retrospectively investigated 64 patients with RA who underwent atlantoaxial fusion due to AAI. Radiological factors, including the ADI, T1 slope, Oc-C2 angle, cervical sagittal vertical axis, and C2-C7 angle, were measured before and after surgery.Results: The various factors associated with atlantoaxial fusion before and after surgery were compared according to the upper and lower preoperative ADIs. There was a significant difference in the T1 slope 1 year after surgery (p=0.044) among the patients with lower preoperative ADI values. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the preoperative ADI (>7.92 mm) defined in the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was an independent predictive factor for the increase in the T1 slope 1 year after atlantoaxial fusion (odds ratio, 4.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.34-15.73; p=0.015).Conclusion: We found an association between the preoperative ADI and difference in the T1 slope after atlantoaxial fusion in the patients with RA. A preoperative ADI (>7.92 mm) was an independent predictor for the increase in the T1 slope after atlantoaxial fusion. Therefore, performing surgical treatment when the ADI is low would lead to better cervical sagittal alignment.
Efficacy and safety of erythropoietin for traumatic brain injury
Authors: Liu Motao , Wang Amy J. , Chen Yu , Zhao Gexin , Jiang Zhifeng , Wang Xinbang , Shi Dongliang , Zhang Tiansong , Sun Bomin , He Hua , Williams Ziv , Hu Kejia
Published: October 2020

BackgroundRecent studies regarding the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) for treating traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been inconsistent. This study conducts a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the safety and efficacy of EPO for TBI patients at various follow-up time points. MethodsA literature search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library for RCTs studying EPO in TBI patients published through March 2019. Non-English manuscripts and non-human studies were excluded. The assessed outcomes include mortality, neurological recovery and associated adverse effects. Dichotomous variables are presented as risk ratios (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). ResultsA total of seven RCTs involving 1197 TBI patients (611 treated with EPO, 586 treated with placebo) were included in this study. Compared to the placebo arm, treatment with EPO did not improve acute hospital mortality or short-term mortality. However, there was a significant improvement in mid-term (6 months) follow-up survival rates. EPO administration was not associated with neurological function improvement. Regarding adverse effects, EPO treatment did not increase the incidence of thromboembolic events or other associated adverse events.Conclusions This meta-analysis indicates a slight mortality benefit for TBI patients treated with EPO at mid-term follow-up. EPO does not improve in-hospital mortality, nor does it increase adverse events including thrombotic, cardiovascular and other associated complications. Our analysis did not demonstrate a significant beneficial effect of EPO intervention on the recovery of neurological function. Future RCTs are required to further characterize the use of EPO in TBI.
The Impact of Integrating Environmental Health into Medical School Curricula: A Survey-Based Study
Authors: Kligler Benjamin , Zipp Genevieve Pinto , Rocchetti Carmela , Ihde Erin Speiser , Secic Michelle
Published: October 2020

Background Inclusion of environmental health (EH) in medical education serves as a catalyst for preparing future physicians to address complex issues as climate change and health, water pollution and lead contamination. However, previous research has found EH education to be largely lacking in U.S. medical education, putting future physicians at risk of not having the expertise to address patients' environmental illnesses, nor speak to prevention. Methods Environmental health (EH) knowledge and skills were incorporated into the first-year medical school curriculum at Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine (Nutley, New Jersey), via a two-hour interactive large group learning module with follow up activities. Students completed the Environmental Health in Med School (EHMS) survey before and after the year 1 EH module. This survey evaluates medical students’ attitudes, awareness and professionalism regarding environmental health. In year 2, students completed the Environmental Health Survey II, which measured students' perceptions of preparedness to discuss EH with future patients. The research team created both surveys based upon learning objectives that broadly aligned with the Institute of Medicine six competency-based environmental health learning objectives. Results 36 year 1 students completed both the pre and post EHMS surveys. McNemar’s test was used for paired comparisons. Results identified no statistically significant changes from pre to post surveys, identifying a dramatic ceiling. When comparing year 2, EHS II pre-survey (n=84) and post-survey (n=79) responses, a statistically significant positive change in students’ self-reported sense of preparedness to discuss environmental health with their patients following the curriculum intervention was noted. Conclusions Our conclusion for the EHMS in Year 1 was that the current generation of medical students at this school is already extremely aware of and concerned about the impact of environmental issues on health. Through the EHS II in Year 2, we found that the six-week environmental health module combining didactic and experiential elements significantly increased medical students’ self-reported sense of preparedness to discuss environmental health issues, including climate change, with their patients.
First report of Thelazia callipaeda infection in Phortica okadai and wildlife in national nature reserves, China
Authors: Jin Yipeng , Liu Zichen , Wei Jiaqi , Wen Yifan , He Nianjun , Tang Liubin , Lin Degui , Lin Jiahao
Published: October 2020

Background: Thelazia callipaeda is a zoonotic parasitic nematode of the family Thelaziidae, with Phortica okadai as the intermediate host and the only confirmed vector in China. China has the largest number of cases of thelaziosis in humans of the world. It is generally believed that domestic animals (dogs and cats) are the most important reservoir hosts of Thelazia callipaeda and directly threaten humans. At present, there is not much research and attention on the role of wildlife in the transmission cycle of thelaziosis in wildlife nature reserves.Methods: During 2016-2019, we selected four wildlife national nature reserve across the country as monitoring points for Phortica okadai and wildlife, and we chose to use fly-trap method for monitoring Phortica okadai density. Morphological analysis of the parasites collected from the conjunctival sac of the wildlife was taken as the first step, and a specific PCR was used for exact confirmation.Results: In 2019, the density of Phortica okadai in Foping National Nature Reserve of China, increased sharply and infected Phortica okadai were newly found in wildlife nature reserves. Wild giant panda, wild boar, leopard cat, and black bear were newly found to be infected by Thelazia callipaeda (one animal of each species). A total of four worms were collected and one worm was collected from each animals. The morphologic characteristics of the four worms led to their identification as Thelazia callipaeda, which was molecularly confirmed by a specific PCR amplification.Conclusions: This is the first report of Phortica okadai as well as a variety of wildlife including wild giant panda infected by Thelazia callipaeda in wildlife nature reserves in China. This indicates that there has been a transmission cycle of thelaziosis among wildlife in wildlife nature reserves. The increasing number of case reports in wildlife suggests the likely risk of infection of Thelazia callipaeda in villagers around wildlife nature reserves.
Antibiotic-related gut dysbiosis induces lung immunodepression and worsens lung infection in mice.
Authors: Dessein Rodrigue , BAUDUIN Marvin , GRANDJEAN Teddy , GUERN Rémi LE , FIGEAC Martin , BEURY Delphine , FAURE Karine , FAVEEUW Christelle , GUERY Benoit , GOSSET Philippe , KIPNIS Eric
Published: October 2020

Background Gut dysbiosis due to the adverse effects of antibiotics affects outcomes of lung infection. Previous murine models relied on significant depletion of both gut and lung microbiota, rendering the analysis of immune gut-lung cross-talk difficult.Here we study the effects of antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis without lung dysbiosis on lung immunity and the consequences on acute P. aeruginosa lung infection.Methods C57BL6 mice received 7 days oral vancomycin-colistin, followed by normal regimen or fecal microbial transplant or Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3-Ligand) over 2 days, and then intranasal P. aeruginosa strain PAO1. Gut and lung microbiota were studied by next-generation sequencing, and lung infection outcomes were studied at 24h. Effects of vancomycin-colistin on underlying immunity and bone marrow progenitors were studied in uninfected mice by flow cytometry in the lung, spleen, and bone marrow.Results Vancomycin-colistin administration induces widespread cellular immunosuppression in both lung and spleen, decreases circulating hematopoietic cytokine Flt3-Ligand, and depresses dendritic cell bone marrow progenitors leading to worsening of P. aeruginosa lung infection outcomes (bacterial loads, lung injury and survival). Reversal of these effects by fecal microbial transplant shows that these alterations are related to gut dysbiosis. Recombinant Flt3-Ligand reverses the effects of antibiotics on subsequent lung infection. Conclusions These results show that gut dysbiosis strongly impairs monocyte/dendritic progenitors and lung immunity, worsening outcomes of P. aeruginosa lung infection. Treatment with a fecal microbial transplant or immune stimulation by Flt3-Ligand both restore lung cellular responses to and outcomes of P. aeruginosa following antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis.
Give Time or Take Action? Clinical Challenges of Prolonged Labour: Perspectives from Tanzania
Authors: Høifødt Aase Irene , Huurnink Johanne Mamohau Egenberg , Egenberg Signe , Massay Deodatus Amedeus , Mchome Bariki , Eri Tine Schauer
Published: October 2020

Background: Globally, some evidence suggests that up to one third of nulliparous women experience delay in the first stage of labour. Diagnosing prolonged labour is complicated by uncertainty related to the definition of both onset of labour and normal labour progression.Prolonged labour inhabits an increased risk of poor neonatal and maternal outcomes. To our knowledge, few studies have assessed the clinical challenges of prolonged labour from a health care professional perspective. In this study we aim to improve understanding of how clinical challenges related to prolonged labour are perceived by doctors and nurse-midwives in Tanzania. Methods: A qualitative study with group interviews of either doctors (2 interviews) or nurse-midwives (7 interviews). A qualitative content analysis was performed. The study setting comprised one zonal consultant university hospital and one regional referral hospital in Northern Tanzania. Results: A total of 37 respondents, among them 32 registered nurse-midwives and 5 doctors, all with experience from labour ward. Five categories emerged. Challenges were expressed in relation to 1) various ways of understanding prolonged labour, 2) assessing progress in labour, 3) monitoring foetal heart rate, 4) appropriate intervention at the appropriate time and 5) working as a team. Conclusions: The study provides a broader understanding of the clinical challenges encountered by nurse-midwives and doctors when managing prolonged labour. The grounds on which decisions are made, are somewhat inconsistent. The respondents request clear guidelines and frequent training.
Invaginated Duct to Mucosa Pancreaticojejunostomy Reduced Postoperative Pancreatic Leakage: A Matched Case-controlled Study
Authors: Yao Guo-Liang , An Meng-Jiao , Fan Yong-Gang
Published: October 2020

Background Postoperative pancreatic leakage was also the obstacle of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) which always followed the failure of pancreaticojejunostomy. Dozens of pancreaticojejunostomy had been reported. None showed superiority over others. To assess the potential advantages of invaginated duct to mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy (invaginated D-M PJ), we introduced this study.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the related data from the patients who had their pancreaticodedunostomy due to malignant tumor in The First Affiliated Hospital to Henan University of Science and Technology during January 2017 to August 2019. According to the different procedure of pancreaticojejunostomy, the patients divided into custom D-M group and invaginated D-M group. Sex, age, pancreatic duct size and pancreatic texture were matched. Pancreatic leakage and other complications were compared. SPSS 16.0 was employed for analysis.Results 48 pairs of patients were involved. Both groups had almost the same baseline characterisitics, such as Sex (P=1.000), Age (P=0.897), ASA (P=0.575), BMI (P=0.873), pancreatic duct size (P=0.932), pancreatic texture (P=1.000) and tumor origin (P=0.686). No statistical difference was observed relation to operation outcomes, such as operation time (P=0.632), pancreaticojejunostomy time (P=0.748), blood loss (P=0.617) and number of required transfusion (P=0.523). Pancreatic leakage was significantly declined for invaginated D-M group (P=0.005). The difference of other complications, such as, bleeding (P=0.617), biliary leakage (P=0.646), pneumonia (P=0.594) and thrombosis (P=0.714), didn’t reach statistical significance. Postoperative hospitalization was almost the same for both groups (P=0.764).Conclusions Invaginated D-M PJ could reduce pancreatic leakage followed PD. Invaginated D-M PJ should be a choice for the patients who had PD.