bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulatory Effect of Fu-Fang-Tai-Pan-Pian, a Traditional Chinese Tonic Medicine
Authors: Boissonneault G.A. , Mohapatra S. , Cai H.
Published: November 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Fu-Fang-Tai-Pian-Pian on responsiveness of mouse spleen leukocytes to the mitogens concanavalin A (con A), phytohemrnaglutinin (PHA), and bacterial endotoxin (LPS). Aqueous and chloroform/methanol extracts of the drug were prepared and added to mitogen-stimulated cultures at doses ranging from 0.625% to 20% by volume. The aqueous extract depressed responsiveness to all mitogens at all doses tested, and was significantly more potent in this regard than the organic extract. The organic extract depressed responsiveness at low dilutions; however it significantly stimulated responsiveness to PHA and LPS, but not to con A, at dilutions. of 2.5% or less. The relative ability of compounds partitioning into aqueous and organic extracts of the medicinal mixture to both stimulate and depress the ability of lymphocytes to proliferate may provide insight into the mechanism of action of this and related medicines.
Antibacterial Activity of Alimentary Plants Against Staphylococcus aureus Growth
Authors: Pérez Cristina , Anesini Claudia
Published: November 2004

Alimentary plants were screened for antibacterial activity against a penicillin G resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus. Twenty-five samples of plant material corresponding to 21 species from 13 families were used. Both aqueous and ethanol extracts were obtained from them. Antibacterial activity was determined by the agar-well diffusion method, using cephazolin as a standard antibiotic. Seventeen ethanol extracts were found active. Eugenia caryophyllata (clavo de olor*) flowers, Myristica fragans (nuez moscada*) seeds, Theobroma cacao (cacao*) seed bark, Triticum sp (trigo*) fruit, Zea mays (maíz*) fruit and Piper nigrum (pimienta*) ripe fruit produced some of the more active extracts (*= Argentine vulgar names).
Effect of Shi-Ka-Ron and Chinese Herbs on Cytokine Production of Macrophage in Immunocompromised Mice
Authors: Jin Rui , Wan Ling Ling , Mitsuishi Toshimi , Sato Shinobu , Akuzawa Yuki , Kodama Kazue , Kurashige Satonori
Published: November 2004

Shi-Ka-Ron is a prescription composed of 8 crude extracts of Chinese herbs. It reduces suppression of cytokine production by peritoneal macrophages in mice Immunocompromised by the anti-tumor agent, cyclophosphamide (CY), in vivo. Although it dose not increase IL-1 production in vitro, it enhances TNF production. We found that Ginseng radix, Lithospermi radix, Astragli radix and Glycyrrhizae radix somewhat reduced suppression of cytokine production in CY treated macrophages. Especially, Glycyrrhizae radix shows an active immune response both in vivo and in vitro. Our results suggested that the mechanism underlying immunomodulation of Shi-Ka-Ron is closely related to cytokine production: each herb stimulating macrophages.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Typing of Affective Disorders and Treatment
Authors: Zhang Liang-dong , Zhang Ya-li , Xu Shang-han , Zhou Gang , Jin Shu-bai
Published: November 2004

According to the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), 50 patients with affective disorders were typed into the categories of depressed liver resulting in fire, mild Yang deficiency and mild Yin deficiency and were treated with Xiao Yao San Jia Wei. The results are 26 patients with marked improvement, 17 patients with improvement and 7 patients with no improvement.
Radionuclide Venography by Subcutaneous Injection of Tc-99m Pertechnetate at Acupuncture Point K-3: A Case Report
Authors: Chen Ming-Feng , Wu Chung-Chieng , Jong Shiang-Bin , Lin Chun-Ching
Published: November 2004

Recently, we developed a new method of radionuclide venography of lower limbs, namely SC-RNV, by subcutaneous injection of Tc-99m pertechnetate at acupuncture points K-3. In this study, we applied this method to evaluate the venous drainage of lower limbs in a patient with severe varicose veins and edematous swelling of the left lower extremity. For comparison, an ascending radionuclide venography by intravenous injection of Tc-99m MAA (IV-RNV) was also done. The SC-RNV showed normal venous drainage of the right side but complete obstruction of the left popliteal vein with a prominent collateral flow, compatible to the findings of IV-RNV. The findings in this case again demonstrated that SC-RNV may be useful as an alternative method of venography as previously suggested.
Changes of Cerebral Endogenous Evoked Potentials by Acupuncture Stimulation: A P300 Study
Authors: Abad-Alegria Francisco , Galve Javier A. , Martinez Tomás
Published: November 2004

The change of cerebral potential P300 in relation to superior cerebral functions by means of acupuncture stimulation was studied. For this purpose, the parameters of this cerebral response after acupuncture stimulation at acupoints He-7 and LI-4, and at a non-acupuncture control point, have been assessed, both immediately after the stimulation and within the following 15 minutes. A considerable change is observed in the P300 amplitude after stimulation at He-7 acupoint, which increases with time. No changes due to non-acupuncture point stimulation or LI-4 acupoint stimulation are detected. These findings seem to support the real action of He-7 in different neuropsychological processes.
Tokishakuyakusan Effect on DNA Polymerase α Activity in Relationship to DNA Synthesis before and/or after the LH/FSH Surge in Rats
Authors: Usuki Satoshi , Kotani Eri , Kawakura Yumiko , Sano Masaki , Katsura Yukitaka , Kubo Takeshi
Published: November 2004

DNA polymerase α activity in ovaries of mature cycling rats during the normal estrous cycle changed in a cyclic manner with a peak at 1800 h in proestrus. Tokishakuyakusan (TS) in vivo did not affect the changes in DNA polymerase α and β activities during the estrous cycle. LH and FSH at 1000 or 1700 h in proestrus increased DNA polymerase α activity, but the DNA polymerase α activity induced by LH or FSH was not significantly affected by the addition of TS. DNA polymerase β activity did not change with LH, FSH or TS. In PMS-treated or -untreated immature rats, TS enhanced ovarian DNA polymerase α activity but had no significant effect on LH or FSH action. In ovaries, incubated in vitro, in untreated mature or immature rats, TS enhanced ovarian DNA polymerase α activity but had no significant effect on LH or FSH action. These results suggest that TS stimulates ovarian DNA polymerase α activity in relationship to DNA synthesis and does not affect the effect of LH or FSH on the activity by preovulatory follicle before and/or after the LH/FSH surge.
Therapeutic Effect of Chai-Ling-Tang (Sairei-to) on the Steroid-dependent Nephrotic Syndrome in Children
Authors: Liu Xiao-Yun
Published: November 2004

37 children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) were administered with Chai-Ling-Tang (Sairei-to) under corticosteroid. After treatment with Chai-Ling-Tang, relapse was markedly improved, time for negative conversion of proteinuria shortened, prednisone dosage significantly reduced, and side effects eased. 32 children with SDNS treated with prednisone and cyclophosphamide served as control. Results showed that short-term and long-term relapse and average prednisone dosage were similar between these two groups. It is considered that Chai-Ling-Tang may be a useful substitute for patients with SDNS who fail to respond to or manifest severe toxic effect from cytotoxic agents.
Non-invasive Measurement of Brain Activity Using Functional MRI: Toward the Study of Brain Response to Acupuncture Stimulation
Authors: Yoshida Takashi , Tanaka Chuzo , Umeda Masahiro , Higuchi Toshihiro , Fukunaga Masaki , Naruse Shoji
Published: November 2004

We studied functional MRI in 15 male and 13 female normal volunteers on a clinical MRI system using gradient echo sequence. During the experiments, brain activation was induced by grasping the unilateral hand once or twice a second for motor tasks. A localized increase of MRI signal in the contralateral motor cortex was observed in 17 out of 21 cases (81%) under right hand motor task and 11 out of 21 cases (52%) under left hand motor task. The application of this method may be useful to evaluate brain response to acupuncture.
Effects of Sho-Saiko-To on Production of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and Superoxide from Peripheral Monocytes and Polymorphonuclear Cells Isolated from HIV Infected Individuals
Authors: Miyamoto Koji , Lange Michael , McKinley George , Stavropoulos Christine , Moriya Shin-ichi , Matsumoto Hirotaka , Inada Yoritaro
Published: November 2004

The effects of Sho-saiko-to (SST), a traditional Chinese medicine, on the production of PGE2 from monocytes, LTB4 and superoxide from polymorphonuclear cells (PMNC) in HIY infected individuals were studied. SST inhibited the production of PGE2 from monocytes stimulated by opsonized zymosan in all groups including the healthy control group and also inhibited the production of superoxide from PMNC after stimulation with FMLP. On the other hand, SST enhanced the production of LTB4 when PMNC were stimulated by the calcium ionophore A23187. These results suggest that SST has different effects on the production of prostanoids or superoxide from monocytes and PMNC. Furthermore, our data indicates that inhibition of PGE2 or superoxide production will lead to indirect suppression of HIV, and enhancement of LTB4 will contribute to the upregulation of the immune reaction in my infected individuals.
Inhibitory Effects of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate and Chinese Traditional (Kampo) Medicines on Calcification of the Heart and Tongue in DBA/2NCrj Mice
Authors: Hidaka Saburo , Okamoto Yoshizo , Abe Kimio , Miyazaki Koji , Suekawa Mamoru , Liu Sheng Yan
Published: November 2004

The effects of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) and two Chinese traditional (Kampo) medicines, Dai-saiko-to and Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to on spontaneous soft tissue (heart and tongue) mineralization in DBA/2NCrj mice were studied. These agents were given orally for 4 weeks to DBA/2NCrj mice. After 2 weeks of administration in the heart, 0.006 and 0.03% (w/v) HEBP decreased calcium content by 90 and 30%, respectively, while 0.27 and 2.7 mg/ml Dai-saiko-to reduced calcium content by 30 and 45%, respectively. Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to (0.27 mg/ml) reduced both calcium and phosphorus content by 50 and 35%, respectively. However, their inhibitory effects on the heart were not observed after 4 weeks of administration. The compounds delayed the onset of increases of bulk calcium and phosphorus content. In the tongue, at 4 weeks, 0.006 and 0.03% (w/v) HEBP reduced calcium content by 30 and 45%, respectively, while two Kampo medicines (at both concentrations used) significantly reduced the content of calcium (by 27-79%) and phosphorus (by 24-32%). These results strongly suggest that two Kampo medicines as well as HEBP may be useful in preventing and curing soft tissue calcification.
The Protective Effect of Alstonia scholaris R. Br. on Hepatotoxin-induced Acute Liver Damage
Authors: Lin Song-Chow , Lin Chun-Ching , Lin Yun-Ho , Supriyatna S. , Pan Shiow-Lin
Published: November 2004

The hepatoprotective effect of Alstonia scholaris R. Br. on liver injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), ß-D-galactosamine, acetaminophen and ethanol were investigated by means of serum-biochemical and histopathological examinations. Post treatment of A scholaris reduced dose-dependently the elevation of serum transaminases level and histopathological changes such as cell necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, which were caused by the single administration of 32 μl/kg CCl4 or 600 mg/kg acetaminophen in mice. A. scholaris significantly lowered 288 mg/kg ß-D-galactosamine induced serum transaminases elevation in the serum-biochemical analysis in rats. A tendency was also shown to inhibit cell necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration caused by ß-D-galactosamine in histopathological examination. All serological and histopathological effects of A. scholaris were compared with those of Bupleurum chinense, which has been reported previously as a treatment criteria of hepatitis.
Influence of Acupuncture and Pharmacotherapy on Sensitivity of Sensory Systems to Alcohol Irritants in Patients with Alcoholism
Authors: Timofeev M. F.
Published: November 2004

The sensitivity of an alcoholic's sensory systems (55) to alcohol therapy is a good indication of treatment efficacy in this disease. In this study, we compare pharmacotherapy (PHT) and acupuncture therapy (AP) on the sensitivity of visual (VL), acoustic (AC), olfactory (OL) and taste (TS) systems to alcohol irritants (AI). The results showed that PHT changed the threshold sensitivity of 55 to AI but did not cause aversion of SS to AI. In acupuncture treatment, results can be divided into four groups: Group 1, no aversion of AC was produced to AI; Group 2, no aversion of TS and OL were produced to AI; Group 3, no aversiori ofVL to AI; and group 4, no aversion was recorded to AI. Supposedly, one of the sensory of information, and other SS are subordinates. Therefore, before acupuncture treatment for alcoholism, to the leading sensory system of the patient.
Investigation of the Anti-inflammatory Activity of Acacia nilotica and Hibiscus sabdariffa
Authors: Dafallah Abdullah A. , Al-Mustafa Zaki
Published: November 2004

The aqueous extracts of Acacia nilotica and Hibiscus sabdariffa were tested for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities in animal models. Acacia nilotica extract had an inhibitory effect on carrageenan induced paw edema and yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. It also produced a significant increase in the hot plate reaction time in mice. Hibiscus sabdariffa extract had no effect on paw edema but had an inhibitory effect on yeast induced pyrexia and a significant effect on the hot plate reaction time. Among the phytoconstituents found in both plants, flavanoids, polysaccharides and organic acids may be mainly responsible for their pharmacological activities.
Effects of Glycyrrhizae and Glycyrrhizic Acid on Radiation Injury in Mice
Authors: Lin I-Hsin , Hau Dou-Mong , Su Mei-Jane , Chena Wang-Chi
Published: November 2004

The effects of Glycyrrhizae (GL) and Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) on promoting the recovery of mice from radiation injury were investigated. Two hundred ICR strain male mice, 6-8 weeks old, were randomly divided into four groups. Group A was the normal control. Group B, the experimental control, was treated with 4 Gy γ-ray irradiation. Groups C and D, the experimental groups, were treated with 500 m/g of GL (oral administration) and 5 m/g body weight of GA (i.p.), respectively, for ten days after γ-ray irradiation. Eight mice in each group were sacrificed on days 5, 12, 26 and 33 post irradiation to measure the weights of spleen, thymus and testes, and the biosynthetic rates ofDNA in these organs. The results revealed that 4 Gy γ-ray irradiation evidently inhibited the weights of spleen, thymus and testes, and their DNA biosynthetic rates. GL and GA enhanced the recovery of these organs in mice from the injury of γ-ray irradiation.
THE (4, 0) HETEROTIC STRING WITH WESS-ZUMINO TERM
Authors: BERGSHOEFF E. , SEZGIN E.
Published: November 2004

The covariant SU(2) spinning string model of Pernici and van Nieuwenhuizen which has (4, 4) supersymmetry is chirally truncated to a (4, 0) model. The model is extended by the addition of a locally supersymmetric Wess-Zumino term, and heterotic fermions. This system is coupled to composite as well as fundamental Yang-Mills gauge fields.
LIGHT SCATTERING BY AN AXIONIC DOMAIN WALL
Authors: GANOULIS N. , HATZIS M.
Published: November 2004

We discuss the electromagnetic scattering of a plane wave by an axionic domain wall, under an arbitrary incident angle. We estimate the reflection coefficient which depends on the plane wave frequency and angle and take always a very small value. The two independent circular polarizations propagate with different velocities through the wall.
LOCAL AND GLOBAL INTEGRABILITY OF SUPERSYMMETRIC ANOMALIES
Authors: CHEKHOV L.O. , KRIVOSHCHEKOV V.K.
Published: November 2004

The consistency conditions are proved to be necessary and sufficient for local integrability of supersymmetric anomalies. For the global integrability to hold the overall numerical factor in the action is found to be discrete. The explicit form of supersymmetric anomalous action depending on superfields of various types is presented. The parity invariance is discussed and the Abelian limit of the action obtained is shown.
POSSIBLE ANISOTROPIC PHASES IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE AND GRAVITATIONAL WAVE BACKGROUND
Authors: DERYAGIN D.V. , GRIGORIEV D. YU. , RUBAKOV V.A. , SAZHIN M.V.
Published: November 2004

We discuss possible anisotropic and inhomogeneous phases in the early Universe at relatively late epochs corresponding to the temperatures 1 GeV –10 TeV . The anisotropy and inhomogeneity of the energy-momentum tensor at the horizon scale gives rise to the generation of a stochastic gravitational wave background. It is shown that the present amplitudes and frequencies of this background may be well within the access of planned gravitational wave detectors.
FRACTAL OF LARGE SCALE STRUCTURE IN THE UNIVERSE
Authors: FANG L.Z.
Published: November 2004

The systematic properties of the large scale structure of the universe can be explained in the string model with fractal dimension taken to be 1.4.
DESPERATELY SEEKING PENGUIN OR NON LOCAL EFFECT IN THE CHARM SECTOR
Authors: YEM PHAM XUAN
Published: November 2004

The long time unexplained puzzle in the decay modes D0→K+K−, D0→π+π− (their large ratio 3.60±0.55 is four standard deviations from the usual estimates) could be understood by the nonlocal effect due to the virtual light quarks loops in the Penguin diagrams. This term constructively (destructively) interferes with the non-Penguin term in the K+K−(π+π−) mode, hence correctly reproduces the data.

Some tests of the effect are discussed, a few ones seem to be already experimentally confirmed.
WHY SHOULD BARYONS AND EXOTIC RELIC PARTICLES HAVE COMPARABLE DENSITIES?
Authors: TURNER MICHAEL S. , CARR BERNARD J.
Published: November 2004

Observations suggest that the mass density of the Universe is dominated, not by ordinary matter, but by exotic particles which are a relic of the Big Bang. In this case, a new dimensionless cosmological ratio arises, the ratio of the mass density in ordinary matter to that in exotic matter, whose value is about 0.1. A priori, it might seem remarkable that this ratio should be so close to unity. However, we point out that, for many exotic dark matter candidates, the ratio is related to the fundamental scales of particle physics. A value of order unity arises naturally provided rather simple relationships exist between these scales. If the exotic particles are of a kind whose relic abundance is determined by annihilations (e.g., the photino or a heavy neutrino), then the required relationship is already satisfied for independent, cosmological reasons.
SPONTANEOUS COMPACTIFICATION TO NONSYMMETRIC COSET SPACES
Authors: BÁNTAY P.
Published: November 2004

We investigate the conditions under which a 4+d-dimensional Einstein-Yang-Mills system has spontaneously compactifying solutions with space-time M4×G/H, where G/H is a d-dimensional nonsymmetric coset space.
CONFORMAL ANOMALY IN A CONVARIANTLY QUANTIZED HETEROTIC GREEN-SCHWARZ SUPERSTRING
Authors: RANDJBAR-DAEMI S. , SALAM ABDUS , STRATHDEE J.A.
Published: November 2004

The covariant quantization of the heterotic Green-Schwarz superstring action has been considered recently by Romans. We show that his BRST gauge fixed action has a conformal anomaly. We also give a brief review of the Minkowski space formulation of the operator product expansions.
THEORETICAL EXPECTATIONS FOR τ→ηπν
Authors: ZACHOS COSMAS K. , MEURICE YANNICK
Published: November 2004

Known theoretical estimates are collected to stress that the reported second-class decay of the tau lepton at a 5% level is not explainable in conventional terms.
CONSTRAINT ON THE MASS AND LIFETIME OF HEAVY NEUTRINOS FROM THE SUPERNOVA 1987A IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD
Authors: TAKAHARA MARIKO , SATO KATSUHIKO
Published: November 2004

If heavy neutrinos were emitted from the supernova 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and decayed outside the star, a γ-ray burst would have been observed after the ν-burst. If this γ-ray burst was not observed, it would impose a constraint on the mass, mv, and lifetime, τν, of heavy neutrinos. We investigate this constraint on the assumption that the γ-ray burst was not observed and obtain a more stringent constraint than that imposed by cosmology. We find that the range of mass and lifetime of tau neutrinos (mv~50 MeV , τν~103 sec ), which is allowed by previous constraints from experiments and cosmology, is completely prohibited by the present constraint provided that the radius of the progenitor of this supernova is less than 1013 cm .
INFINITE ADDITIONAL SYMMETRIES IN THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL CONFORMAL QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
Authors: APIKYAN S.A.
Published: November 2004

Additional symmetries in the two-dimensional conformal field theory, generated by currents (2, 3/2, 5/2) and (2, 3/2, 3) have been studied. It has been shown that algebra (2, 3/2, 5/2) is the direct product of algebras (2, 3/2) and (2, 5/2), and algebra (2, 3/2, 3) is the direct product of algebras (2, 3/2) and (2, 3). Associative algebra, formed by multicomponent symmetry generators of spin 3 for SO(3) has also been found.
QUANTIZED COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-DÍAZ P. F.
Published: November 2004

We show that in a systematic quantum theory of closed strings the cosmological constant must be quantized according to [Formula: see text], with mp being the Planck mass, and discuss the implications that this result might have in the present value of Λ and in the mechanism driving primordial inflation.
THE QUANTUM CREATION OF THE UNIVERSE CAN BE OBSERVATIONALLY VERIFIED
Authors: GRISHCHUK L. P.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that the properly formulated notion of the quantum birth of the universe can be observationally confirmed or rejected. The idea is that the energy density and spectrum of the relic gravitational wave background is determined by a wavefunction of the universe not only in classically allowed but also in classically forbidden regimes.
INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS IN λφ4 FIELD THEORY IN A BACKGROUND GRAVITATIONAL FIELD
Authors: COOPER FRED , MOTTOLA EMIL
Published: November 2004

We derive the time evolution equations appropriate to initial value problems in λ(φαφα)2 field theory at large N interacting with a classical background spatially flat R.W. metric. We determine from physical considerations the renormalization of the mass, the self coupling and the coupling to the scalar curvature. A simple method is given to arrive at finite differential equations suitable for numerical integration forward in time. We find that for the equations to be finite, the ultraviolet properties of the initial state are constrained by the requirement that the initial state contains a finite average number of particles and/or correlated pairs per unit volume.
N = 1 SUPERFIELDS AND N = 2 HARMONIC SUPERFIELDS IN FOUR DIMENSIONS AS SECOND QUANTIZED SUPERPARTICLES
Authors: KALITZIN S. N. , NISSIMOV E. R. , PACHEVA S. J.
Published: November 2004

Supersymmetric N = 1,2 point particle actions in four dimensions, substantially differing from the Siegel's one, are proposed as constrained dynamical systems. It is shown that upon second quantization they yield the superfield theories of the N = 1 chiral- and vector supermultiplets as well as the N = 2 matter and super-Maxwell multiplets in the harmonic superspace formalism, In particular, there arises an alternative understanding of the concepts of harmonic analyticity and harmonic charges of N = 2 superfields in terms of classical superparticle mechanics.
ON LEADING LOGARITHM BEHAVIOR OF JET CROSS SECTIONS IN e+e− ANNIHILATION
Authors: KRAMER G. , LAMPE B.
Published: November 2004

We report an unexpected leading logarithmic behavior of the two-jet cross section in e+e−-annihilation in order [Formula: see text].
AZIMUTHAL CORRELATIONS IN γγ* COLLISIONS
Authors: ONG S. , KESSLER P.
Published: November 2004

We show that, in single-tag measurements of γγ collision processes leading to 2-body or quasi 2-body final states, azimuthal correlations may be used in order to check dynamic models.

Various applications, regarding fermion or boson pair production, are treated.
THE NUMBER COUNT — REDSHIFT RELATION IN A PERTURBED FRIEDMANN UNIVERSE
Authors: KASAI MASUMI , SASAKI MISAO
Published: November 2004

The number count — redshift relation in a linearly perturbed Friedmann universe is derived. It is shown that the resulting formula is invariant under any coordinate-gauge transformation and any affine parameter rescaling. Then it is applied to a perturbed Einstein-de Sitter model.
STRANGE STARS AND THE NEUTRINO BURST FROM SUPERNOVA 1987a
Authors: HATSUDA T.
Published: November 2004

Possibility of strange star formation in the recently discovered LMC supernova is examined. If the proto-neutron star first formed is converted into a strange star about 1 sec after the core bounce, a large energy release with E tot ~1053 erg having QCD origin occurs. The high energy [Formula: see text]-events of long duration observed by Kamiokande II and IMB detectors can be naturally understood by the formation of the hot strange star.
QUANTUM GRAVITY IN TWO DIMENSIONS
Authors: POLYAKOV A. M.
Published: November 2004

Two dimensional induced quantum gravity is analyzed. By the use of light-cone gauge we derive a gravitational analogue of the Wess-Zumino action and discover its amazing connection with SL (2, ℝ) current algebra. The latter permits us to find differential equations for the correlation functions.
MUTUAL FOCUSING OF GRAVITON BEAMS
Authors: VENEZIANO G.
Published: November 2004

Using recent results on high-energy superstring scattering, we discuss the mutual focusing of two colliding graviton beams. The phenomenon, which could be of some astrophysical interest, bears amusing similarities to the one leading to singularities in the classical treatment of gravitational wave collisions.
NEUTRINO MASS SPECULATION ON THE EVENTS OF NEUTRINOS FROM THE SUPERNOVA LMC 1987 A
Authors: HUZITA H.
Published: November 2004

The interactions of neutrinos from the supernova LMC 1987 A by Kamiokande II apparatus have a curious character. Time to energy correlation has two separated groups. If this is not completely by chance each group corresponds to non zero neutrino mass 3.4 ± 0.6 and 23. ± 4. eV . The latter is not consistent with the results of neutrino oscillation experiment. IMB data are not contrary to the Kamiokas considering IMB's higher energy threshold.
CHIRAL ANOMALIES AND EFFECTIVE VECTOR MESON LAGRANGIAN BEYOND THE TREE LEVEL
Authors: DOMINGUEZ C. A.
Published: November 2004

The decays π0 → γγ, ρ → πγ, ω → πγ, ω → 3π and γ → 3π are studied in the framework of the chiral invariant effective Vector Meson Lagrangian beyond the tree level. The standard Lagrangian is enlarged by including an infinite number of radial excitations which are summed according to the dual model. As a result tree level diagrams are modified by a universal form factor at each vertex containing off-mass-shell mesons, but still respecting chiral anomaly low energy theorems. These vertex corrections bring the tree level predictions into better agreement with experiment. The presence of the ω → 3π contact term is confirmed but its strength is considerably smaller than at tree level.
MODULI SPACE, CONFORMAL ALGEBRA AND OPERATOR FORMULATION ON A RIEMANN SURFACE
Authors: MATSUO YUTAKA
Published: November 2004

An operator formulation of general conformal and current algebra on a Riemann surface is constructed. The effect of the non-trivial topology of a Riemann surface is absorbed in the redefinition of the vacuum. The local correspondence between the geometrical data and the orbit space of the vacuum is shown.
COCYCLES IN TOPOLOGICAL YANG-MILLS THEORIES
Authors: TSUTSUI IZUMI
Published: November 2004

We show that the cocycles arise in the Yang-Mills theories with topological terms added. They are found in the representation of the translation group in the configuration space or gauge orbit space, and are shown to be directly related to the U(1) functional connection in these spaces. In 3+1 dimensions, if we adopt a vector representation (i.e. vanishing 2-cocycle), we find the θ-parameter in the Pontryagin term to be 2π×integers. While, in 2+1 dimensions, insisting that finite translations be associative (i.e. vanishing 3-cocycle) leads to the known quantization of the topological mass. Some related aspects with anomalies are also discussed.
EVIDENCE FOR PHASE TRANSITIONS CAUSED BY RADIAL FLUCTUATIONS IN AN SU(2)×U(1) LATTICE GAUGE-HIGGS THEORY
Authors: Munehisa Yasuko
Published: November 2004

Using Monte Carlo techniques, we study the phase structure of a radially active SU(2)×U(1) lattice gauge-fundamental Higgs theory in its strong U(1) gauge-coupling limit. Our results give first evidence for a critical surface induced by radial fluctuations of the Higgs field, which would extend inside the symmetric region of the full SU(2)×U(1) gauge-Higgs theory. The weak SU (2) gauge-coupling limit of the full theory, the radially active version of the SU(2)global×U(1)local gauge-Higgs theory, is also studied numerically. In this limit, we found no essential effect due to the radial degrees of freedom of the Higgs field.
THE FORWARD AMPLITUDE IN LOW ENERGY $P\bar P$ SCATTERING
Authors: Niskanen J.A.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that the abrupt rise of around 200 MeV/c in the real-to-imaginary ratio ρ of the forward scattering amplitude in low energy [Formula: see text] scattering is not due to the [Formula: see text] threshold or approximations in the treatment of the coulomb nuclear interference. The latter breaks down below Plab≈100 MeV/c. The possibility of a potential resonance is discussed.
SOME REMARKS CONCERNING THE FINITENESS OF N=4 SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG MILLS THEORIES
Authors: Bassetto A. , Dalbosco M.
Published: November 2004

We carefully discuss the finiteness of SUSY YM N=4 in the light cone gauge, first at the one loop level by directly exhibiting the relevant terms of the lowest order Green functions and then at any loop order by using a recent treatment of the renormalization of general Yang-Mills theories in the light cone gauge. We point out the existence of a set of divergent Green functions which however do not contribute to observable quantities, thereby recovering consistency with formulations in other gauges.
ON THE VALIDITY OF LINEAR APPROXIMATION FOR NON-ADIABATIC NEUTRINO TRANSITIONS IN THE SUN
Authors: Toshev S.
Published: November 2004

We investigate in detail the conditions of validity of linear approximation for nonadiabatic neutrino transitions in the sun. We show that linear approximation is excellent for small vacuum mixing angles. In addition, we derive simple exact formula for the probability of transitions between the adiabatic neutrino states in case of exponentially varying density.
CP-VIOLATION IN SUPERSYMMETRIC LEFT-RIGHT SYMMETRIC MODEL
Authors: JIK AHN YOUNG
Published: November 2004

We show that in a class of supersymmetric left-right symmetric models in which [Formula: see text] super particle contribution to the neutral kaon mass matrix is negligible. However, we find that ε′/ε can have a tiny but nonvanishing value for a class of L-R symmetric theories with orthogonal K-M matrix where non-SUSY prediction is that ε′=0.
MODULAR INVARIANCE FOR THE N=2 TWISTED SUPERCONFORMAL ALGEBRA
Authors: Dobrev V.K. , Ganchev A. Ch.
Published: November 2004

We study the modular invariance properties of two-dimensional N=2 twisted superconformal invariant field theories. We express the characters of the unitarizable highest weight representations with central charge c=1−2/m, m=2, 3,..., in terms of certain θ—functions with characteristics. We give the modular transformations of the characters and obtain the modular invariance structures. The structures differ in the cases m=0 mod 4 and m=2 mod 4, while the cases of m odd are subcases of 4m. The latter is illustrated for m=3.
DETERMINANT OF TWISTED BOSONS RELATED TO THE KAC-MOODY ALGEBRA
Authors: MIKI KEI
Published: November 2004

The determinant of twisted bosons related to the Kac-Moody algebra is obtained. The correlation function of twist fields is also calculated under some assumptions.
EARLY UNIVERSE IN MODIFIED STAROBINSKY MODEL
Authors: PAUL B.C. , DATTA D.P. , MUKHERJEE S.
Published: November 2004

The classical evolution in the modified Starobinsky model, which is essentially a higher derivative theory with a Lagrangian density L~R+αR2, has been studied right from the Planck time [Formula: see text], when the universe had emerged out of the quantum foam. The model is known to admit an inflationary solution, but we have noted an initial stage of evolution with very interesting features. If the scalaron mass is small, M~10−5Mp, and the initial value of the scalar curvature, R0≫M2, both R and H approach some asymptotic values. Thus the subsequent evolution is almost insensitive to the initial values of R or H chosen, and depends only on an undetermined integration constant, which determines these asymptotic values. An analytic expression connecting t, the age of the universe, and H(t) has been obtained. Results for the later stages in the evolution generally agree with those obtained recently by some other authors.
FORMATION OF MILLISECOND PULSARS IN GLOBULAR CLUSTERS
Authors: RAY ALAK , KEMBHAVI AJIT
Published: November 2004

The low upper limit to the period derivative of the millisecond pulsar PSR 1821–24 occurring in the globular cluster M28 implies that it is not a part of any binary system. Various formation scenarios of such a pulsar, involving tidal capture of two stars into a gravitationally bound system, spin-up of the neutron star and disruption or unbinding of the companion star are considered in this letter. Of particular interest to these scenarios is the effect of tidal dissipation of orbital energy on the evolution of the individual stars and the binary system. We consider a scenario in which a massive white dwarf is captured tidally by a low mass star that has evolved off the main sequence, and later collapses to form a neutron star and eventually disrupts the degenerate helium core of the erstwhile companion due to unstable Roche-lobe overflow.
COLLECTIVE AZIMUTHAL ALIGNMENT AND TRANSVERSE MOMENTUM CONSERVATION IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS
Authors: BOCK R. , GUTBROD H.H. , SIEMIARCZUK T.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that transverse momentum conservation in the three-source Fái and Randrup statistical model does not explain the collective azimuthal alignment as observed in heavy-ion collisions at Bevalac energies.
KAON PRODUCTION IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS: THE ROLE OF THE ELEMENTARY CROSS SECTION
Authors: ZWERMANN WINFRIED
Published: November 2004

We investigate kaon production in relativistic heavy-ion reactions by use of a multiple collision approach. We clarify the crucial importance of the elementary kaon production cross section and show that with an appropriate parametrization suggested by phase space considerations, the data for 2.1 GeV/nucleon, Ne+NaF, can be reproduced without the need of kaon rescattering.
FACTORIZABLE S-MATRIX FOR $\frac{{\rm SO} (D)}{{\rm SO} (2) \otimes {\rm SO} (D -2)}$ NON-LINEAR σ MODELS WITH FERMIONS
Authors: ABDALLA E. , LIMA-SANTOS A.
Published: November 2004

We compute the exact S matrix for the non-linear sigma model with symmetry SO(D)/SO(2)⊗SO(D−2) coupled to fermions in a minimal or supersymmetric way. The model has some relevance in string theory with non-zero external curvature.
N=2, D=4 SUPERSYMMETRIC NONLINEAR MAXWELL THEORIES
Authors: THEODORIDIS GEORGIOS
Published: November 2004

We give an explicit expression for the action of a class of N=2, D=4 supersymmetric nonlinear Maxwell theories in N=2 superspace and discuss the N=1 superspace form. We derive and discuss the action for the vector and the auxiliary fields.
PRINCIPLE OF GENERAL COVARIANCE AND QUANTUM THEORY
Authors: PADMANABHAN T.
Published: November 2004

We emphasise the distinction between formal and operational notions of general covariance. Classically, formal covariance implies operational covariance. This is not true in quantum theory. Two observers may not agree on the results of measurement of a tensorial object like Tik (stress tensor) in quantum theory. In particular, one observer might conclude that the measured value is zero while another might attribute non-zero value to it.
EVIDENCE FOR A TAU-NEUTRINO MASS?
Authors: SAMUEL MARK A. , MENDEL R.R.
Published: November 2004

In a recent experiment, the measured lifetime of the tau lepton indicates that the e–μ universality may not hold in the case of the third-generation leptons. It is shown here that the universality of weak interactions can be restored if the tau-neutrino has a non-zero mass. Our result is [Formula: see text].
WARD IDENTITIES, TWO PHOTON DECAYS AND OFF-SHELL CORRECTIONS
Authors: BAGCHI B , DEBNATH S
Published: November 2004

Off-shell corrections are considered in the low energy theorems for π0, η, η′ and l→2γ decays to solve the anomalous Ward identities. The l→2γ prove to be sensitive to both SU(3) breaking and off-shell corrections.
COVARIANT VLASOV EQUATION BASED ON THE WALECKA MODEL
Authors: LI QI , KO CHE MING
Published: November 2004

We show that the relativistic Vlasov equation derived recently by us from the Walecka model under the local density and the classical approximations is equivalent to the covariant Vlasov equation derived by Elze et al. via the Wigner operator.
QCD JETS PREDICTION FOR THE MULTIPLICITY DISTRIBUTIONS AT $p {\bar p}$ COLLIDERS
Authors: MALAZA E.D.
Published: November 2004

Multijet production is now a confirmed phenomenon at the CERN [Formula: see text] collider, and is well understood in the framework of perturbative QCD. Also present but not clearly understood within QCD are soft non-jet events. We make predictions for the high energy limit Q2→∞, where the jet component is expected to be dominant, using known results of QCD jets to study the shape of the multiplicity distribution in [Formula: see text] collisions. We work to [Formula: see text] of perturbative QCD.
THERMO FIELD DYNAMICS AND PARA STATISTICAL MECHANICS
Authors: BISWAS S.N. , DAS ASHOK
Published: November 2004

Within the framework of thermo field dynamics, we derive the partition functions for a harmonic oscillator obeying parafermi and parabose statistics. The thermodynamic functions are studied for different limits of the order of the statistics and are shown to have the expected behaviour.
GLUONIUM MIXING AND THE STRUCTURE OF IOTA (1460)
Authors: BAGCHI B , BASU S
Published: November 2004

Consistency is sought between the recently obtained bounds from the SU(3) flavour structure of iota decays and meson-gluonium mixing parameters. Our analysis based on the diagonalisation of a 3×3 mass matrix shows that iota (1460) is consistent with a glueball interpretation.
BINDING ENERGY AND DEEP INELASTIC SCATTERING
Authors: PIN-ZHEN BI
Published: November 2004

It is found that, by a simple assumption that was used to explain the EMC effect, the accuracy of the original Weizsäcker-Fermi mass formula can be greatly improved for light and intermediate nuclei, by merely adding one more parameter to the original five parameters.
b→sγ IN SUPERSTRING INSPIRED MODELS
Authors: DREINER HERBERT
Published: November 2004

Superstring inspired models contain, in general, extra quarks per family beyond those of the standard model. These quarks may give considerable contributions to b→sγ. Limits on their masses and couplings may be extracted from the presently available upper limits on this rare decay.
THE PLANAR GAUGE IN A NEW FORMALISM
Authors: LEIBBRANDT GEORGE , NYEO SU-LONG
Published: November 2004

The main feature of the planar gauge, apart from the decoupling of ghosts, is the nontransversality of the Yang-Mills self-energy with the resulting appearance of a pincer diagram in the Ward identity. We employ the general prescription for axial-type gauges, recently developed by one of the authors, to check this Ward identity and derive BRS-invariant counterterms in the planar gauge.
TRANSVERSE FLOW, VISCOSITY AND THE EQUATION OF STATE OF HIGHLY EXCITED NUCLEAR MATTER
Authors: SCHÜRMANN BERND
Published: November 2004

The shear viscosity coefficient of hot nuclear matter created in central high energy heavy ion collisions is extracted by analysing the transverse flow measured in event-per-event experiments. The competition of strong viscosity with the nuclear equation of state regarding their influence on experimental exclusive observables is discussed.
Sp(2)-BRST
Authors: TWISK S. , ZHANG R.B.
Published: November 2004

A general method is given for the construction of gauge-fixed actions for theories with local gauge symmetries. The method is based on the single requirement that the space of fields carries an irreducible representation of the Sp(2)-BRST algebra, with respect to which the resultant actions are then automatically invariant.
SCATTERING AMPLITUDE ZERO IN dū→γH−
Authors: HE XIAO-GANG , LEW H.
Published: November 2004

In models with physical charged Higgs bosons, the angular distribution of dū→γH− exhibits a factorization property. The differential cross section has a zero at the scattering cos -1(-⅓) in the γH− C.M. frame. The processes [Formula: see text] are also studied. It is found, at high energies, that the contribution of the sea quarks are significant enough to wash the zero away.
THE FRACTAL CORRELATION MEASURE FOR MULTIPLE PRODUCTION
Authors: DREMIN I.M.
Published: November 2004

A new simple measure of multiple production processes is proposed. It takes into account an eventual inhomogeneity of particle positions on the (pseudo) rapidity scale and can be used to separate prominent spike (or ring) events.
COMPARISON OF UPDATE ALGORITHMS FOR PURE GAUGE SU(3)
Authors: GUPTA RAJAN , KILCUP GREGORY W. , PATEL APOORVA , SHARPE STEPHEN R. , FORCRAND PHILIPPE DE
Published: November 2004

We show that the overrelaxed algorithm of Creutz and of Brown and Woch is the optimal local update algorithm for simulation of pure gauge SU(3). Our comparison criterion includes computer efficiency and decorrelation times. We also investigate the rate of decorrelation for the Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm.
SUPERSYMMETRIC CHIRAL BOSONS ON GROUP MANIFOLDS
Authors: BELLUCCI STEFANO , BROOKS ROGER , SONNENSCHEIN JACOB
Published: November 2004

We give the WZW models, for (1,0) supersymmetric leftons and rightons. Super-Kac-Moody currents and the coupling to non-abelian, gauge superfields are derived. The locally supersymmetric theory is discussed.
PROPAGATOR FOR THE RELATIVISTIC SPINNING PARTICLE VIA FUNCTIONAL INTEGRAL OVER TRAJECTORIES
Authors: ALEKSEEV A. YU. , SHATASHVILI S.L.
Published: November 2004

A spin factor is defined by means of the canonical 2-form on the coadjoint orbit of the SO (d+1) group. Including this spin factor in the definition of the path integral leads to the correct propagator for a system of arbitrary spin in a space of dimension d.
BETHE-SALPETER-EQUIVALENT COVARIANT THREE-DIMENSIONAL EQUATION IN AN INFINITE-MOMENTUM FRAME
Authors: BHALERAO R.S.
Published: November 2004

Using the recently published works on (a) a covariant time-ordered perturbation theory, and (b) an exact three-dimensional reduction of the Bethe-Salpeter equation, we obtain a three-dimensional two-body equation which is exactly equivalent to the (four-dimensional) Bethe-Salpeter equation and, moreover, is covariant. The greatly simplified form that this equation assumes in an infinite-momentum frame is discussed. The final result is a new offshell two-body equation which could serve as an attractive starting point for numerical applications.
ON THE OPERATOR SOLUTION OF THE LIOUVILLE THEORY
Authors: ABDALLA E. , SANTOS A. LIMA
Published: November 2004

Using quantized self dual fields, we present an explicit operator solution to the Liouville theory, and discuss the results.
THE FIRST DONALDSON INVARIANT AS THE WINDING NUMBER OF A NICOLAI MAP
Authors: MANSFIELD P.
Published: November 2004

We show that the first Donaldson invariant expressed by Witten as the partition function of a relativistic quantum field theory can be interpreted as the winding number of the stochastic map introduced by Nicolai in the context of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories.
A SIX-POINT AMPLITUDE FOR OPEN TEN-DIMENSIONAL SUPERSTRING IN BOSONIC FORMULATION
Authors: MAHAPATRA SWAPNA
Published: November 2004

The two bosons and four fermions scattering amplitude has been calculated using the ideas of bosonization lattice, cocycles, covariant spin fields and superconformal techniques.
UNIVERSALITY IN ORBIT SPACES OF SYMMETRY GROUPS AND IN SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY BREAKING
Authors: SARTORI G.
Published: November 2004

Universality properties of orbit spaces of compact linear groups are proved and related to universality properties of patterns of spontaneous symmetry breaking. In particular, it is argued that the orbit spaces of all the compact linear groups possessing a basis of fundamental polynomial invariants with the same degrees can be classified in a finite (and small for small dimensions and degrees) number of isomorphism classes.
STABILITY OF ABSOLUTE MINIMA OF THE HIGGS POTENTIAL FOR THE

75

OF SU(5)
Authors: DAVIES A. J. , MELJANAC S.
Published: November 2004

We consider the Higgs Potential formed from a 75 of SU(5) with the discrete symmetry ϕ → –ϕ. We present a one-loop renormalization group analysis of the potential, and show that the physically relevant regions tend to instability. We also comment on the use of the 75 representation in an inflationary universe context.
T-ODD ASYMMETRY IN TRILEPTONIC DECAY OF SCALAR LEPTON
Authors: OSHIMO NORIYUKI
Published: November 2004

The complex mass matrix for neutralinos could lead to T-violation in the neutralino decay. We analyze the successive decay of the scalar lepton into three leptons and the lightest neutralino, which is mediated by a heavier neutralino. If the magnitude of CP-violation is not small, T-odd asymmetry will be observed in the angular distribution of the three leptons.
STATISTICS OF SKYRMIONS
Authors: SCHWARZ A. S.
Published: November 2004

The statistics of skyrmions (quantum particles corresponding to the solitons in nonlinear σ-models) is studied.
SEMICLASSICAL TWO-DIMENSIONAL GRAVITY IN LIGHT-CONE GAUGE
Authors: FLOREANINI R.
Published: November 2004

Semiclassical Einstein equations for two-dimensional gravity are investigated in lightcone gauge and their group of invariance is discussed. One finds differences with respect to the corresponding results in conformal gauge.
DIVERGENCES AND INVOLUTION-DEPENDENT CONSTANTS
Authors: NAGAO GREG
Published: November 2004

We show how the cancellation of the dilaton divergence in the 1-loop open bosonic string vacuum and N-tachyon scattering amplitude depends upon a set of involution-dependent constants. Such a set of constants exists at each loop level and thus provides a means with which to study the connection between the cancellation of divergences and anomalies for the gauge group SO (2D/2).
ANALYTIC STOCHASTIC REGULARIZATION IN QCD AND ITS SUPERSYMMETRIC EXTENSION
Authors: ABDALLA E. , VIANA R. L.
Published: November 2004

We outline some features of stochastic quantization and regularization of fermionic fields with applications to spinor QCD, showing the appearance of a non-gauge invariant counterterm. We also show that non-invariant terms cancel in supersymmetric multiplets.
A SIMPLE MANNER FOR THE QUANTIZATION OF ANOMALOUS GAUGE THEORIES
Authors: KWON O. J. , CHO B. H. , KIM S. K. , KIM Y. D.
Published: November 2004

The chiral Schwinger model is a massive vector theory at the quantum level. We construct the gauge invariant action using Stueckelberg formalism from this. Then the resulting action is exactly the same as the modified action obtained by path-integral formalism. We propose a simple manner for the quantization of anomalous gauge theories.