bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevention of Infection in Orthopaedic Joint Replacement
Authors: Lindsay William , Bigsby Ewan , Bannister Gordon
Published: December 2017

Infection of a prosthetic joint is a significant adverse event, affecting the patient, the surgical team, and consuming hospital resources. The patient faces multiple operations, a prolonged hospital stay and a more challenging period of rehabilitation. The surgeon must perform longer and more technically demanding revision operations in order to remove the infected prosthesis, increasing the burden on hospital resources. It has been estimated that that the cost of managing an infected total hip replacement (THR) is four times greater than for a primary procedure (Dreghorn & Hamblen 1989). The personal cost to the patient must also be emphasised.
‘Hospital-at-Night’ Expedites Review of Trauma Patients without Affecting Outcome from Hip Fracture
Authors: Findlay John , Boulton Chris , Forward Daren , Moran Christopher
Published: December 2017

The UK Hospital at Night (H@N) programme is hypothesised to improve efficiency of out-of-hours care. No studies have assessed a surgical programme or mechanisms of effect. This prospective study aimed to do so in a trauma and orthopaedic department over 10 weeks. Senior house officers recorded night shift activity. Mean time to attend referrals reduced from 29 to 15 minutes as a result of the programme (p=0.007). Workload and 30 day mortality and morbidity for hip fracture remained unchanged. The mechanisms underlying improvements are unclear, but may represent central organisation of workload.
Hide and Seek, the Search for a Missing Swab: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Bell Roxanne
Published: December 2017

This article explores the root causes of a missing swab incident. It reinforces the scrub practitioner's responsibility for the surgical count as reflected on by a student operating department practitioner. With environmental pressures and methods upheld by the operating room culture it is recognised that mistakes do sometimes arise from human error when the stress from workload becomes apparent. Through reflection, mistakes can become learning opportunities, as sought through this critical appraisal.
May We Use Communication as an Instrument? A Simple Neuromonitoring Method for Peripheral Nerve Tumour Resection
Authors: Kaya Miktat , Yildirim Can Hakan , Erdogan Hakan , Tasdemiroglu Erol
Published: December 2017

We performed a procedure called awake simple peripheral nerve monitoring of the distal lower extremity. In this procedure we aimed to protect the patient's peroneal nerve during the successful removal of a tumour arising from this nerve. This is the first report that explores the use of communication with the patient during peripheral nerve tumour resection.
Baron Guillaume Dupuytren: Dupuytren's Contracture
Authors: Ellis Harold
Published: December 2017

Dupuytren's contracture of the hand is an extremely common deformity in middle aged and elderly men but it is rarely encountered in women. It usually involves the fifth and fourth fingers, less commonly the other two fingers, and never the thumb. There is a flexion deformity between the head of the metacarpal and the adjacent proximal phalanx and at the proximal interphalangeal joint. However, the distal interphalangeal joint is not affected. Indeed, in a severe case, the distal phalanx may actually be extended as it becomes progressively pressed into the palm of the hand. It is often bilateral and may affect the sole of the foot - although I have only had one old gentleman where his foot lesion troubled him enough for him to request surgical cure.
René Leriche: The Leriche Syndrome
Authors: Ellis Harold
Published: December 2017

It would be reasonable for you to imagine that a complete obstruction of the lower end of the aorta would be lethal. After all, its terminal branches, the iliac arteries, not only supply the whole of both the lower limbs, but also the buttocks, the perineum and the pelvic organs. However, such a lesion, especially if it develops gradually to allow collateral channels to dilate, is compatible with survival. This is because there are a number of collateral channels which anastomose between the aorta above the obstruction and the arteries below. The most important of these communicating channels links the superior and inferior epigastric arteries in the deep layer of the anterior abdominal wall. The superior epigastric artery arises from the internal thoracic artery, which itself is a branch of the subclavian artery in the neck. The inferior epigastric artery arises from the external iliac artery immediately before it enters the upper thigh to become the common femoral artery. Hence this link-up between the subclavian artery at the root of the neck and the femoral artery in the groin!
John Langdon Down: Down's syndrome
Authors: Ellis Harold
Published: December 2017

When I was a medical student in the 1940's we youngsters were well familiar with the condition called ‘Mongolism’. We saw these patients - labelled ‘Mongols’ - as children in the paediatric clinics, and as older patients on our visits to the local enormous mental hospital during our attachment in psychiatry, where many of them spent the whole of their lives.
Just a Routine Operation: A Critical Discussion
Authors: McClelland G , Smith MB
Published: December 2017

Application of effective human factors has now become accepted as an integral component of safe perioperative care. The patient safety film Just a routine operation (CHFG 2012) has become synonymous with failures in the human factors of communication, situational awareness, prioritisation and leadership during perioperative care. This article summarises some of the pertinent issues that were raised from reviewing the film during a human factors study day with medical students.
The First Elective Splenectomy
Authors: Ellis Harold
Published: December 2017

Although there had been rare reports in the past of a surgeon removing a prolapsed spleen dangling out of a traumatically lacerated abdomen, with recovery of the patient, a successful deliberate laparotomy for a pathologically enlarged spleen was, as you may imagine, a much more recent event, with all the advantages of antiseptic surgery and anaesthesia. In fact, the first such operation was actually performed with the mistaken diagnosis of a large ovarian mass.
Hot off the Press for Perioperative Nurses
Authors: Fisher Mona Guckian
Published: December 2017

I am delighted to bring you the Perioperative Care Collaborative (PCC) National Core Curriculum for Perioperative Nursing 2017, whose purpose is ‘influencing and supporting clinical policies into perioperative practice’. This is a very important document for nurses working within operating theatre settings. Since the dissolution of the English National Board (ENB), perioperative nurses have not had access to appropriate professional courses in line with what had been previously available.
Validation of the Trust Tool in a Greek Perioperative Setting
Authors: Chatzea V-E , Sifaki-Pistolla D , Dey N , Melidoniotis E
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate the TRUST questionnaire in a Greek perioperative setting. The TRUST questionnaire assesses the relationship between trust and performance. A bilingual translation and pre-test process was followed. Internal consistency, reproducibility (test-retest) and criterion validity were calculated (Cronbach's alpha, kappa correlation coefficient, bivariate analysis). Overall internal consistency presented very high alpha values for individual comparison (Cronbach's =0.97, 95% CI=0.95–0.99, P value<0.001). The reproducibility and construct validity (Pearson r=0.86, P value<0.001) were retained at very good levels. According to factor analysis, two factors were extracted with eigenvalues>1 (KMO=0.83, Barlett's test of sphericity P value<0.001). The study assessed the levels of trust and performance in the surgery and anaesthesiology department during a very stressful period for Greece (economic crisis) and offered a user friendly and robust assessment tool. The study concludes that the Greek version of the TRUST questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring team performance among Greek perioperative teams.
Access through Altruism: A Community-based Free Outpatient Surgery Program for the Working Poor in the United States
Authors: Nolan HR , Christie B
Published: December 2017

Despite healthcare reform, a large population in the United States is without healthcare coverage. The Surgery for People in Need (SPIN) program offers free outpatient surgical procedures to working, uninsured adults. Taking nearly one year to construct, the program has been operational for three years and has performed 22 procedures. Free surgery programs can improve healthcare access by providing interventions to patients who otherwise have no outlet for surgical care.
An Anaesthesia Perspective on Carotid Body Tumour (CBT) Excision: A Twenty-year Case Series at the Singapore General Hospital
Authors: Ng DWJ , Yam CI , Wong LT , Koh DLK
Published: December 2017

Carotid body tumours (CBT) are extremely rare neoplasms that arise from chemoreceptor cells at the bifurcation of the carotid artery. This rarity poses a challenge for the anaesthetist when dealing with surgeries for the removal of CBT. Reports of associated perioperative morbidity range from twenty to forty percent. This paper reviews the perioperative anaesthetic management of CBT patients and challenges in our institution's 20 year experience on 13 surgical CBT resections.
Magnetic resonance imaging based coracoid morphology and its associations with subscapularis tears: a new index
Authors: Watson Adam C. , Jamieson Richard P. , Mattin Andrew C. , Page Richard S.
Published: December 2017

Background

We aimed to assess the validity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing the subcorocoid space and determine the validity of novel sagittal plane subcorocoid space measurements.

Methods

We assessed 33 arthroscopically proven subscapularis tears with MRIs compared to 33 (instability) controls with normal subscapularis tendons. Three examiners analyzed MRIs for seven static indices of corocoid morphology, in axial and sagittal planes. We explored reviewer variation using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and differences between the two groups was explored using t-tests.

Results

Groups were similar in characteristics but different in age (cases = 53, controls = 23). ICC showed good (2/7) or excellent (5/7) reliability. Small differences(<1.6 mm) were identified between subscapularis tears and controls in coraco–humeral distance, in axial ( p = 0.092) and sagittal planes ( p = 0.045). There were statistically significant differences between groups when analyzing the angular projection of the coracoid from the glenoid, in both sagittal ( p < 0.0001) and axial planes ( p = 0.045).

Conclusions

Acute inferior angulation of the corocoid in the sagittal plane may be associated with subscapularis tears. Static indices are measured within the scapula and not affected by arm position. MRI reliably provided a platform to assess the coracoid. Based on this, we currently consider corocoplasty in patients with subscapularis tears and a sagittal coroco–glenoid angle <60o to reduce potential impingement.
Graham Molitor: A Futurist for the Third Millennium
Authors: Gary Jay
Published: December 2017

The Molitor Model of Change is a unique approach, yet has largely been overlooked as a futures studies method. This article traces the influences that led Graham Molitor to develop Emerging Issues Analysis.
Contemporary utilization of antithrombotic therapy for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation: an audit in an Australian hospital setting
Authors: Pandya Ekta Yogeshkumar , Anderson Elizabeth , Chow Clara , Wang Yishen , Bajorek Beata
Published: December 2017

Background:

To document antithrombotic utilization in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), particularly, recently approved NOACs (nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants) and warfarin; and identify factors predicting the use of NOACs versus warfarin.

Methods:

A retrospective audit was conducted in an Australian hospital. Data pertaining to inpatients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF) admitted between January and December 2014 were extracted. This included patient demographics, risk factors (stroke, bleeding), social history, medical conditions, medication history, medication safety issues, medication adherence, and antithrombotic prescribed at admission and discharge.

Results:

Among 199 patients reviewed, 84.0% were discharged on antithrombotics. Anticoagulants (± antiplatelets) were most frequently (52.0%) prescribed (two-thirds were prescribed warfarin, the remainder NOACs), followed by antiplatelets (33.0%). Among 41 patients receiving NOACs, 59.0% were prescribed rivaroxaban, 24.0% dabigatran, and 17.0% apixaban. Among patients aged 75 years and over, antiplatelets were most frequently used (37.0%), followed by warfarin (33.0%), then NOACs (14.0%). Compared with their younger counterparts, patients aged 75 years and over were significantly less likely to receive NOACs (14.0% versus 28.0%, p = 0.01). Among the ‘most eligible’ patients (Congestive Cardiac Failure, Hypertension (, Age ⩾ 75 years, Age= 65-74 years, Diabetes Mellitus, Stroke/ Transient Ischaemic Attack/ Thromboembolism, Vascular disease, Sex female[CHA2DS2-VASc] score ⩾2 and no bleeding risk factors), 46.0% were not anticoagulated on discharge. Patients with anaemia (68.0% versus 86.0%, p = 0.04) or a history of bleeding (65.0% versus 87.0%, p = 0.01) were less likely to receive antithrombotics compared with those without these risk factors. Warfarin therapy was less frequently prescribed among patients with cognitive impairment compared with patients with no cognitive issues (12.0% versus 23.0%, p = 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression modelling identified that patients with renal impairment were 3.6 times more likely to receive warfarin compared with NOACs (odds ratio = 3.6, 95% confidence interval = 0.08–0.90, p = 0.03, 60.0% correctly predicted; Cox and Snell R2 = 0.51, Nagelkerke R2 = 0.69).

Conclusion:

Despite the availability of NOACs, warfarin remains a preferred treatment option, particularly among patients with renal impairment. The high proportion of eligible patients still being prescribed antiplatelet therapy or ‘no therapy’ needs to be addressed.
One patient with schizophrenia showed reduced drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms as a result of an alternative regimen of treatment with paliperidone 3 and 6 mg every other day
Authors: Suzuki Hidenobu , Hibino Hiroyuki , Inoue Yuichi , Matsumoto Hideo , Mikami Katsunaka
Published: December 2017

Background:

Schizophrenia is a chronic disease that requires long-term management with antipsychotics. Antipsychotic drugs are given by tapering their dose, extending the dosing interval, and so on, as part of a treatment strategy to minimize the adverse effects while at the same time maintaining efficacy.

Methods:

We report the case of one patient with schizophrenia in whom the clinical symptoms were alleviated after treatment with 6 mg paliperidone. However, the patient developed extrapyramidal syndrome, for which 3 and 6 mg paliperidone were administered alternately every other day. Extrapyramidal syndrome was assessed using the Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale, Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, or Barnes Akathisia Scale.

Results:

There was improvement in Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale score and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale score. However, there was almost no change in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score, positive score, negative score, or general score.

Conclusion:

The results indicate the possibility of lessened adverse effects as a result of an alternative regimen of treatment with paliperidone 3 and 6 mg every other day in the maintenance phase.
Impact of total fascia preservation on early recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Nishimura Masanori , Utsugi Ryu
Published: December 2017

The objective was to investigate the effect of preserving the total fascia surrounding the prostate (lateral pelvic fascia (LPF) and posterior musculofascial plate) on the early return of urinary continence after three-dimensional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (3D-LRP). Data from 70 consecutive patients who underwent 3D-LRP from April 2015 to February 2017 were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. Patients were categorized into two groups: with or without LPF preservation; each group consisted of 35 consecutive patients. The rates of urinary continence within 12 weeks (no pad and no urinary leakage) were compared between groups using a 24-hour pad test and questionnaires of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC). Immediately after Foley catheter removal, accumulated recovery rates of continence with the Kaplan–Meier method were 65.7% (23/35) and 14.3% (5/35) for LPF preservation and non-preservation groups, respectively. Four weeks after surgery, continence rates increased to 80% (28/35) and 20% (7/35), respectively. A log-rank test showed a statistical difference between groups ( p < 0.001). The hazard ratio (HR) was 3.341 (95% confidence interval, 1.772–6.301). Our results demonstrated the effectiveness of total fascia preservation for the early recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy.

Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicenter audit.
Hydroxynorketamine: Implications for the NMDA Receptor Hypothesis of Ketamine’s Antidepressant Action
Authors: Aleksandrova Lily R. , Wang Yu Tian , Phillips Anthony G.
Published: December 2017

The prevailing hypothesis of ketamine’s unique antidepressant effects implicates N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) inhibition-dependent enhancement of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor-mediated transmission, activation of intracellular signalling pathways and increased synaptogenesis. Recently, however, a seminal study by Zanos et al. directly challenged the NMDAR hypothesis of ketamine with the claim that an active ketamine metabolite, (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine, devoid of NMDAR binding properties or key side effects of its parent compound, is both necessary and sufficient for ketamine’s antidepressant effects in rodents. However, following these encouraging initial findings, one preclinical study failed to replicate the antidepressant effects of (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK), while others have questioned the metabolite’s contribution to ketamine’s therapeutic effects or argued against rejecting the NMDAR hypothesis of ketamine action. In light of these potentially paradigm-shifting, but highly controversial, findings, this review will summarise and critically evaluate the evidence for and against the NMDA receptor hypothesis of ketamine action, with a particular focus on (2R,6R)-HNK and the implications of its discovery for understanding ketamine’s mechanism of action in depression. Ultimately, uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of ketamine and possibly (2R,6R)-HNK, will aid the development of novel and more efficacious antidepressant agents so urgently needed to address a major public health concern, and could hold potential for the treatment of other stress-related psychopathologies, including bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and suicidality.
Non-isothermal analysis of calendering using couple stress fluid
Authors: Ali Nasir , Javed Muhammad Asif , Atif Hafiz Muhammad
Published: December 2017

The non-isothermal flow inside a calender is modeled and analyzed for a couple stress fluid. The governing flow equations are developed using conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy. An order of magnitude analysis is performed and leading terms in momentum and energy equations are retained. The reduced momentum equation is solved to obtain the exact expression for velocity and pressure gradient. The reduced energy equation is solved numerically using a hybrid numerical method. The significant effects of the involved parameters on the pressure, pressure gradient velocity profile, roll-separating force, power input, exiting sheet thickness and temperature are examined through various plots. The pressure inside the calender significantly increases with increased couple stress effects. For larger couple stress parameters, the power function and roll-separating function show steady state behavior. The two maxima are distinctly observed in temperature distribution near the roll surfaces for small couple stress effects [Formula: see text]. In contrast, the temperature achieves maximum at center for strong couple stress effects [Formula: see text]
High-quality draft genome sequence of Effusibacillus lacus strain skLN1T, facultative anaerobic spore-former isolated from freshwater lake sediment
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Tokizawa Riho , Kojima Hisaya , Fukui Manabu
Published: December 2017

Effusibacillus lacus
strain skLN1T is the type strain of the type species in the genus
Effusibacillus
which is the one of the genera in the family
Alicyclobacillaceae
within the phylum
Firmicutes
.
Effusibacillus lacus
strain skLN1T is a Gram-positive, spore-forming thermophilic neutrophile isolated from freshwater lake sediment. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of strain skLN1T, which consists of 3,902,380 bp with a G + C content of 50.38%.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Antagonist Mono- and Combination Therapy With Estradiol/Norethindrone Acetate Add-Back: Pharmacodynamics and Safety of OBE2109
Authors: Pohl Oliver , Marchand Line , Fawkes Neil , Gotteland Jean-Pierre , Loumaye Ernest
Published: December 2017

Context

OBE2109 is a potent, oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist being developed for the treatment of sex-hormone–dependent diseases in women.

Objective

We assessed the pharmacodynamics and safety of OBE2109 alone and combined with estradiol (E2)/norethindrone acetate (NETA) add-back therapy on E2 levels and vaginal bleeding.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a single-center, open-label, randomized, parallel-group study in 76 healthy premenopausal women.

Interventions

Women were randomly assigned to take the following doses (in milligrams) once daily for 6 weeks: OBE2109, 100 or 200; or OBE2109/E2/NETA, 100/0.5/0.1, or 100/1.0/0.5, or 200/1.0/0.5.

Main Outcome Measures

E2 concentrations, bleeding pattern, exploratory bone metabolism biomarkers, and adverse events.

Results

OBE2109 100 mg and 200 mg alone reduced E2 levels to reach median levels of 19.5 and 3.2 pg/mL, respectively, at week 4. Median E2 levels after combined OBE2109/add-back therapy ranged between 25 and 40 pg/mL. OBE2109 100 mg or 200 mg alone induced amenorrhea. By day 15, >85% of women had no vaginal bleeding during the last 4 weeks of treatment. Add-back therapy partially impaired bleeding control: The highest amenorrhea rate (53%) was observed with OBE2109 100 mg/1.0 mg/0.5 mg. The addition of E2/NETA, particularly at 1 mg/0.5 mg, mitigated the increase of two bone markers induced by OBE2109 200 mg.

Conclusion

OBE2109 promptly lowered E2 levels. Add-back therapy may be required to prevent adverse effects on bone in women treated with the 200-mg dose (at 100 mg in some women). These results provide a basis for OBE2109 regimen selection to treat sex-hormone–dependent diseases.
Διαλογικές πρακτικές προς μια συμμετοχική προσχολική εκπαίδευση: Ένα μοντέλο υποστήριξης των εκπαιδευτικών
Authors: Likomitrou Sonia , Avgitidou Sofia
Published: December 2017

Η παρούσα έρευνα έχει ως αντικείμενο τη μελέτη των διαδικασιών και των αποτελεσμάτων μιας συνεργατικής έρευνας-δράσης, που υποστήριξε τους εκπαιδευτικούς να βελτιώσουν/αλλάξουν τις διαλογικές πρακτικές τους κατά τη μαθησιακή διαδικασία. Σκοπός της έρευνας ήταν η διερεύνηση των διαλογικών πεποιθήσεων και πρακτικών των εκπαιδευτικών στην προσχολική εκπαίδευση καθώς και η διερεύνηση της αποτελεσματικότητας των διαδικασιών υποστήριξής τους, με σκοπό τη βελτίωση των εκπαιδευτικών διαλογικών πρακτικών στη μαθησιακή διαδικασία. Η συγκεκριμένη έρευνα αξιοποιεί δεδομένα από μια συνεργατική έρευνα-δράση, με οκτώ νηπιαγωγούς, που διήρκεσε ένα χρόνο και συμπεριέλαβε ατομικές συνεντεύξεις με τις νηπιαγωγούς, ομαδικές συναντήσεις και μαγνητοφωνημένες καταγραφές των διαλογικών πρακτικών τους. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης έδειξαν ότι παρά τη διαφοροποίηση των πεποιθήσεων των νηπιαγωγών σχετικά με το νόημα και τη διαδικασία του διαλόγου, οι διαλογικές πρακτικές τους ήταν παρόμοιες, αναδεικνύοντας τη λεκτική κυριαρχία του εκπαιδευτικού μέσα στην τάξη και τον παθητικό ρόλο που έδιναν στα παιδιά, περιορίζοντας μ’ αυτόν τον τρόπο τις ευκαιρίες για συμμετοχή των παιδιών σ’ έναν δημοκρατικό διάλογο. Παρόλα αυτά, τόσο οι πεποιθήσεις όσο και οι διαλογικές πρακτικές των νηπιαγωγών που συμμετείχαν στην έρευνα-δράση τροποποιήθηκαν  μέσω της υποστήριξής τους σε θεωρητικό, ερευνητικό και στοχαστικό επίπεδο. Τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσας έρευνας συζητιούνται στο πλαίσιο της επαγγελματικής μάθησης των εκπαιδευτικών με σκοπό τη βελτίωση του εκπαιδευτικού έργου μέσω της επανατοποθέτησής τους σχετικά με τις πεποιθήσεις και τις πρακτικές τους για τη διαλογική διαδικασία και τη μάθηση.
Is Schrödinger's Cat Alive?
Authors: Bhaumik Mani L.
Published: December 2017

Erwin Schrödinger is famous for presenting his wave equation of motion that jump-started quantum mechanics. His disenchantment with the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics led him to unveil the Schrödinger's cat paradox, which did not get much attention for nearly half a century. In the meantime, disappointment with quantum mechanics turned his interest to biology facilitating, albeit in a peripheral way, the revelation of the structure of DNA. Interest in Schrödinger's cat has recently come roaring back making its appearance conspicuously in numerous scientific articles. From the arguments presented here, it would appear that the legendary Schrödinger's cat is here to stay, symbolizing a profound truth that quantum reality exists at all scales; but we do not observe it in our daily macroscopic world as it is masked for all practical purposes, most likely by environmental decoherence with irreversible thermal effects.Quanta 2017; 6: 70–80.
Coefficients for Quantifying Subsurface Drainage Rates
Authors: Skaggs R. Wayne
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

It is proposed that technical papers on drainage research studies and engineered design projects should report standard coefficients or parameters that characterize the hydraulics of the system. The following coefficients define key subsurface drainage rates that can be used to quantify and compare the hydraulics of drainage systems across sites, soils and geographic locations. (1) The steady subsurface drainage rate (cm/d) corresponding to a saturated profile with a ponded surface. This subsurface drainage rate defines the length of time that water remains ponded on the soil surface following large rainfall events. It is proposed that this rate be called the Kirkham Coefficient (KC) in honor of Professor Don Kirkham who derived analytical solutions for saturated drained profiles for most soil and boundary conditions of interest. (2) Drainage intensity (DI), which represents the drainage rate (cm/d) when the water table midway between parallel drains is coincident with the surface. The DI can be estimated by the Hooghoudt equation and is dependent on the effective saturated hydraulic conductivity of the profile, drain depth, spacing, and depth of the soil profile or restrictive layer. (3) The drainage coefficient (DC), which quantifies the hydraulic capacity of the system. This value is the rate (cm/d) that the outlet works can remove water from the site. It is dependent on the size, slope, and hydraulic roughness of the laterals, submains, mains, and, in cases where pumped outlets are used, the pumping capacity. Routine inclusion of these three coefficients in the documentation of research and design projects would facilitate comparison of results from different soils and drainage systems, and generally, the meta-analysis of data pertaining to drainage studies. Keywords: Drainage, Drainage intensity, Drainage coefficient, Drainage nomenclature, Kirkham Coefficient.
Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium spp. against predators Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Authors: TRIZELIA TRIZELIA , BUSNIAH MUNZIR , PERMADI AGUNG
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Trizelia, Busniah M, Agung Permadi A. 2017. Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium spp. against predators Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Asian J Agric 1: 1-5. Metarhizium spp is an entomopathogenic fungus that has wide host range. Metarhizium spp can not only infect insect pests, but can also infect beneficial insects such as predators. The pathogenicity of four isolates of Metarhizium spp. was investigated against Menochilus sexmaculatus predators. Isolates of Metarhizium spp were isolated from rhizosphere of cacao, cabbage, chili and rubber crops. The experiment was conducted by treating the fourth instar larvae with an appropriate conidial suspension of 108 conidia mL-1. The results showed that all isolates of Metarhizium spp were pathogenic toward beetle predator M. sexmaculatus. Mortality of larvae within 7 days after application of conidial suspension varied between 27.50 to 67.50% and there were statistically significant differences among the tested isolates. Metarhizium spp. had also a significant effect in reducing pupation and adult emergence of M. sexmaculatus to below 30% and 3%, respectively. These studies indicate that entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium spp was pathogenic to beetle predators, M. sexmaculatus
Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer (Agaricomycetes) - a new generic record of edible mushroom for Nagaland, Northeast India
Authors: KUMAR RAJESH , PANDEY SHAILESH , RISHI RAJA R. , GIRI KRISHNA
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Kumar R, Pandey S, Rishi RR, Giri K. 2017. Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer (Agaricomycetes) - a new generic record of edible mushroom for Nagaland, Northeast India. Asian J Agric 1: 6-8. In August 2013, an interesting mushroom was collected from the Puliebzie forest range in Kohima District of Nagaland state of India. The mushroom was identified as Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer based on the macroscopic and microscopic characters.
Farmer adaptation strategy in paddy fields affected by climate variability in monsoon regions
Authors: APRIYANA YAYAN , SARVINA YELI , DEWI ELSA RAKHMI , PRAMUDIA ARIS
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Apriyana Y, Sarvina Y, Dewi ER, Pramudia A. 2017. Farmer adaptation strategy in paddy field affected by climate variability in monsoon regions. Asian J Agric 1: 9-16. One of the strategies to minimize the impacts of climate variability and climate anomalies on paddy fields in monsoon regions is the adaptation of agriculture cultivation.  It is important to minimize the impact of these two phenomena to reduce economic loss, particularly for food security in Indonesia. The objectives of this study are: (i) to identify onset and cropping pattern in irrigated land, rainfed and dry land in affected areas due to climate anomalies, (ii) to collect information on carrying capacity water resources and adaptation practices applied by farmers and, (iii) to identify strategies for farmers on irrigated land, rainfed and dry land in the region affected by climate variability. The desk work analysis and field survey were conducted in Serang district, Banten Province, Subang district, West Java Province and Pati district, Central Jawa Province, Indonesia. The study was undertaken in three cluster activities i.e. (i) correlation analysis of climate anomalies and rainfall, (ii) field survey and, (iii) analysis of onset planting season, cropping pattern, water availability, the best planting time and irrigation schedule. The results showed that the farmers in affected areas due to climate variability could adapt by shifting the onset of planting season. Farmers in irrigated lands changed their onset around 2-4 ten-days period to October II - December II. Furthermore, in rainfed areas, the onset around 4-6 ten-days period was shifted to November I - January III. For dryland their onset around 6-8 ten-days period was moved to November II - February I. The cropping pattern rice-rice-palawija/fallow was applied on irrigated land. Furthermore, the pattern of rice-rice/palawija/fallow-fallow was carried out in rainfed. Finally, the pattern of palawija-palawija/fallow-dormant was performed on the dry land. Adaptation programs dealing with climate variability in Serang and Pati districts varied more than in Subang district. In Serang and Pati, during the first planting season, farmers applied irrigation from approximately 20%-30% water pump from the river and during second planting season, farmers in Pati district used water from a well-pump, as well as in Serang that can reach 100% of the application.
Fecundity performance of nilem (Osteochilus vittatus) from Cianjur, Tasikmalaya and Kuningan Districts, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: ROSTIKA RITA , ANDRIANI YULI , JUNIANTO JUNIANTO
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Rostika R, Andriani Y, Junianto. 2017. Fecundity performance of nilem (Osteochilus vittatus) from Cianjur, Tasikmalaya and Kuningan Districts, West Java, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 1: 17-21. The aim of this study was to know the reproduction aspects of nilem (Osteochilus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842; syn. Osteochilus hasseltii Valenciennes, 1842). The study was conducted from October 2015 to March 2016. This research included elements of body length, weight, gonad maturity level (GML) and fecundity. There were 27 samples collected from farming activities in Cianjur, Tasikmalaya and Kuningan West Java, Indonesia. The parameters observed were the correlation between weight and fecundity, correlation between body length and fecundity and GML. The method used was explorative approach and the data were analyzed by descriptive approach. The results showed that the correlation between weight and fecundity in Cianjur District was y= e0,024x, while the body length and fecundity was y=e0,413x. In Tasikmalaya District was y= e0,0728x, while the body length and fecundity was y=e0,4903x. In Kuningan District was y= e0,2902x, while the correlation between the length of the fish and fecundity was y=e0,6859x. The dominant gonad maturity level of O. vittatus in Cianjur was GML IV (50%), Tasikmalaya was GMLVI (100%), and Kuningan was GML V (55,56%) respectively. The relationship between length and body weight of Osteochillus vittatus from Cianjur, Tasikmalaya and Kuningan District were W=0,03L2,95, W = 0.04L2.89 and W = 0.04L2.79 respectively. The implication of this research was to understand the  proper size of O. vittatus that can be harvested that have an optimum egg volume.
Microclimate modification through shading and watering frequency treatments as efforts for ex situ conservation of pule pandak (Rauvolfia serpentina)
Authors: SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI , PURWANTO EDI , SULANDJARI SULANDJARI , SETIYANINGSIH ARY
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Samanhudi, Purwanto E, Sulandjari, Setiyaningsih A. 2017. Microclimate modification through shading and watering frequency treatments as efforts for ex-situ conservation of pule pandak (Rauvolfia serpentina). Asian J Agric 1: 35-39. Pule pandak (Rauvolfia serpentina Benth) is a rare medicinal plant. To meet the needs of the drug, people continue to explore nature. Thus, proper cultivation technique for R. serpentina is required, by giving appropriate shading level and watering frequency to the growth and yield of R. serpentina. This research aimed to examine the effects of shading and watering frequency on the growth and yield of R. serpentina. The study was conducted from February to July 2009 in BBP Mondromino, Pokoh Village, Wonogiri at 141 meters above sea level. The experimental design used in this research was a Split Plot Design, which consisted of two factors and three repetitions. The first factor (main plot) was a shading level that consisted of three levels: 55%, 65%, and 75%. The second factor (subplot) was watering frequency that consisted of three levels: once every three days, once every five days and once every seven days. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, followed by post hoc test of Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% level. The reserpine content was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that no interaction between shading level and watering frequency was seen on all variables. The shading level caused no significant effect on growth and yield of R. serpentina, except the leaf area. Watering frequency caused no significant effect on growth and yield of R. serpentina, apart from the chlorophyll content. The results showed that plants treated with watering frequency of five-day intervals produced the highest chlorophyll content. Plants treated with shading level of 65% and watering frequency of once every five days produced the highest reserpine content.
Assessment of Angiosperm taxa at Bharsar and its adjoining area of district Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India with emphasis on ethnomedicinal uses
Authors: BISHT ANAND SINGH
Published: December 2017

Bisht AS. 2017. Assessment of Angiosperm taxa at Bharsar and its adjoining area of district Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand,India with emphasis on ethnomedicinal uses. Asian J For 1: xxxx. The present paper focused on an assessment of angiosperm diversityat Bharsar and its adjoining area conducted during December 2014 to December 2016. A total of 75 families, with 237 species weredicotyledons (66 families) and 37 species of monocotyledons (9 families) collected during the study period. Out of the 75 angiospermicfamilies, Asteraceae contributed maximum share 13.14 % (36 species), followed by Fabaceae 6.16 % (17 species), Lamiaceae andRosaceae both 5.43 % (15 species), Poaceae 4.71%, Ranunculaceae 4.35 % (12 species), Polygonaceae 4.04% (11 species). Floristicsurveys of different regions are extremely essential in order to furnish complete understanding of vegetation of the past and present, aswell as to support various types of studies in botany and allied disciplines. Bharsar happens to be one of the newly developed area andexperiences different types of biotic pressure of plant life which are specially accelerating with the process of developmental activities.Therefore, extensive field surveys were carried out for two year.
Degradation level of mangrove forest and its reduction strategy in Tabongo Village, Boalemo District, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia
Authors: KATILI ABUBAKAR SIDIK , IBRAHIM MUSTAMIN , ZAKARIA ZULIANTO
Published: December 2017

Katili AS, Ibrahim M, Zakaria Z. 2017. Degradation level of mangrove forest and its reduction strategy in Tabongo Village, Boalemo District, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. Asian J For 1: 18-22. This research aimed to assess the degradation level of mangrove forest and to develop strategy to reduce the degradation level. The overall research duration was 1 year, focusing on identification of mangrove forests degradation level, exploration of mangrove vegetation structure and preparation for mangrove degradation reduction strategy. The research was located in Tabongo Village, Dulupi Sub-district, Boalemo District, Gorontalo Province. The method used in the research was explorative survey, while the data analysis was done with quantitative descriptive analysis. The collecting method used was point quarter centered meter (PQCM) method. The degradation level of mangrove forest was analyzed by standard criteria of mangrove destruction according to Ministerial Decree of State Minister for The Environment (Kepmen. LH) No. 201 in 2004. Results showed that there are 4 species of mangrove plants in Tabongo Village, Dulupi Sub-district namely Rhizophora apiculata Blume, Rhizophora mucronata Lamk., Ceriops tagal (Perr) C.B.Rob, and Bruguiera which included in the Rhizophoraceae family. Rhizophora apiculata had the highest IVI value at the stage of tree and sapling, while Rhizophora mucronata Lamk had the highest IVI value at the stage of seedling. Tabongo mangrove area was a Scrub or dwarf forest type generally. This type was classified as a typical mangrove found in low edges. The mangrove condition in the coastal area of Tabongo Village, Boalemo, was categorized as broken (TNS1 = 210). While based on Assessment of criticality level of mangrove land based on the way teristris, formula was categorized as not broken (TNS2= 330). The reduction strategy that could be implemented to recover the quality of mangrove areas include (i) the assessment of the importance of the mangrove areas with regard to their ecological and economic value, (ii) quality improvement of mangrove habitat, (iii) educational approach by making the mangrove areas as learning media and source, and (iv) empowerment of people living around the mangrove areas.
Applied theatre in times of terror: Accepting aesthetic diversity and going beyond dilemma
Authors: Rasmussen Bjørn
Published: December 2017

Through historical evidence and a research review, the positive assumption behind the Norwegian project is that theatre may provide democratic inclusion where any felt understanding can be accepted as aesthetically valid insights to be uttered on stage. This is how drama is created, and ultimately how diversity is treated and tolerated. However, dilemmas occur when applied theatre aims to be participatory democracy in action. These dilemmas, which are linked to conflicting practices and discourses, as the French philosopher Jacques Rancière (2004) shows, also connect to conflicting aesthetic thinking or regimes. The particular dilemma discussed here deals with the location of aesthetic autonomy as well as the dilemma of free utterance versus transformed mediation. A short analysis of two contemporary performance cases further illuminates the dilemma.
The performance of cultural democracy in the light of care regimes
Authors: Gjærum Rikke Gürgens
Published: December 2017

This article explores how cultural democracy is performed in care services for people with dementia, refugees and psychiatric patients in today’s Norwegian welfare state. The potential of art to emerge as an alternative care regime is discussed in the light of arts learning, marginalization and the Eichmann problem. The article is based on a study of three analyses of care regimes seen as performances in line with Gadamer’s view of the aesthetic experience performed with roles, inherent narratives and scenographic frameworks.
Production and quality of three varieties of chrysanthemum grown in pots with different NPK rates
Authors: Heidemann Joice Crescencio , Barbosa José Geraldo
Published: December 2017

Chrysanthemum can be grown for cutting or as a pot plant year-round, providing a constant production flow. In Brazil, little is known about mineral nutrition and fertilization for this crop. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the production and quality of chrysanthemum varieties cultivated in pots with different NPK rates. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with the NPK rates (10-10-10) of 3 g L-1, 6 g L-1 and 9 g L-1 and chrysanthemum varieties Sheena, Calabria and Indianapolis. Pots of 1.2 L capacity were filled with substrate and placed three cuttings per pot kept in a fog chamber under long days. After 21 days, apical pruning was done and started the short-day period. After flowering induction, short days were suspended. It was realized analysis of variance and it was noticed that stem length and EC were affected by NPK rates. It was observed an inverse relation between the increase in NPK rate and cultivation cycle, resulting in precocity of flowering for all varieties. Plants cultivated under 9 g L-1 rate did not present toxicity symptoms, suggesting that this dose was more adequate for the production of pot plants for all three varieties.
Politischer Pessimismus
Authors: Klünder Jan-Paul
Published: December 2017

»Pessimismus« - Das Schlagwort Pessimismus verleitet dazu, auf weitere Definitionsversuche zu verzichten. Ausgehend vom wissenschaftlichen Diskurs über Pessimismus entwickelt Jan-Paul Klünder deshalb ein idealtypisches Kategoriensetting dieses diffusen und vielschichtigen Begriffs, um die Werke von Carl Schmitt, Michel Foucault und Giorgio Agamben nicht nur zu vergleichen, sondern ebenso mit der Kontingenz ihrer jeweiligen Wirklichkeitskonstruktion zu konfrontieren. Dabei zeigt sich ein widersprüchliches Verhältnis von Optimismus und Pessimismus in allen drei Theorien, wodurch deutlich wird, wie sich pessimistische Momente in den Gesamtzusammenhang dieser Weltbeschreibungen fügen.
Self-perceived leadership behaviors of undergraduates: Scale development study
Lisans öğrencilerinin liderlik davranışlarına ilişkin öz algıları: Ölçek geliştirme çalışması
Authors: Özbek Oğuz , Kızılyallı Meltem
Published: December 2017

The aim of the study is to develop a valid and reliable instrument to assess the self-perceived leadership behaviors of Sport Sciences undergraduates. 24 undergraduate students defined the leadership concept, data collected were content analyzed, and the 53-itemed pool was reduced to 50 items preceding a review done by 3 scholars. Pilot instrument was administered to 284 Sport Sciences students. KMO (.934) and Bartlett test [4809.978; (p<0.000)] were conducted. Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed 4 factors. 4 Factors in total accounts for the % 54.12 of total variance. Factors generated were named as Participative Leader, Self- confident Leader, Principled Leader and Decisive Leader. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was run and Critical N (CN) was calculated as 252.11 Adaptive values of the model was determined as X2/df (1,39); RMSEA (0.037); NFI (0.97); CFI (0.99); GFI (0.93). The results indicated the model provided a good fit to the data.The results indicated Self-perceived leadership behaviors of undergraduates scale with 4 factors and 20 items is valid and reliable.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, spor bilimleri lisans öğrencilerinin kendi liderlik davranışlarını değerlendirebilecekleri geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. 24 öğrenci liderliğin tanımını yapmış, toplanan veriler içerik analizi tekniğiyle analiz edilmiş, 53 maddelik soru havuzu, alınan 3 uzman görüşü sonucu 50’ye indirilmiştir.  Ölçeğin deneme formu, spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencisi 284 kişiye uygulanmıştır. KMO (.934) ve Bartlett testi [4809.978; (p<0.000)] yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi  sonucu maddeler 4 ayrı boyutta toplanmıştır. Bu dört boyut toplam varyansın % 54.12’sini açıklamaktadır. Boyutlar, Katılımcı Lider, Kendine Güvenen Lider, İlkeli Lider ve Kararlı Lider olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi sonucu kritik N değeri 252.11 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Modelin uygunluğuna ilişkin X2/df değeri 1,39; RMSEA değeri 0.037; NFI değeri 0.97; CFI değeri 0.99 ve GFI değeri 0.93 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar modelin iyi uyum değerlerini karşıladığını göstermiştir. Dört boyut ve yirmi maddeden oluşan Lisans Öğrencilerinin Liderlik Davranışlarına İlişkin Öz Algıları Ölçeği’nin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğuna karar verilmiştir.