bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple loci linked to inversions are associated with eye size variation in species of the Drosophila virilis phylad
Authors: Reis Micael , Wiegleb Gordon , Claude Julien , Lata Rodrigo , Horchler Britta , Ha Ngoc-Thuy , Reimer Christian , Vieira Cristina P. , Vieira Jorge , Posnien Nico
Published: July 2020

The size and shape of organs is tightly controlled to achieve optimal function. Natural morphological variations often represent functional adaptations to an ever-changing environment. For instance, variation in head morphology is pervasive in insects and the underlying molecular basis is starting to be revealed in theDrosophilagenus for species of themelanogastergroup. However, it remains unclear whether similar diversifications are governed by similar or different molecular mechanisms over longer timescales. To address this issue, we used species of thevirilisphylad because they have been diverging fromD. melanogasterfor at least 40 million years. Our comprehensive morphological survey revealed remarkable differences in eye size and head shape among these species withD. novamexicanahaving the smallest eyes and southernD. americanapopulations having the largest eyes. We show that the genetic architecture underlying eye size variation is complex with multiple associated genetic variants located on most chromosomes. Our genome wide association study (GWAS) strongly suggests that some of the putative causative variants are associated with the presence of inversions. Indeed, northern populations ofD. americanashare derived inversions withD. novamexicanaand they show smaller eyes compared to southern ones.Intriguingly, we observed a significant enrichment of genes involved in eye development on the4thchromosome after intersecting chromosomal regions associated with phenotypic differences with those showing high differentiation amongD. americanapopulations. We propose that variants associated with chromosomal inversions contribute to both intra- and interspecific variation in eye size among species of thevirilisphylad.
Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the effects of callose deposition and multihormone signal transduction pathways on the tea plant-Colletotrichum camelliae interaction
Authors: Lu Qinhua , Wang Yuchun , Xiong Fei , Hao Xinyuan , Zhang Xinzhong , Li Nana , Wang Lu , Zeng Jianming , Yang Yajun , Wang Xinchao
Published: July 2020

Colletotrichuminfects diverse hosts, including tea plants, and can lead to crop failure. Numerous studies have reported that biological processes are involved in the resistance of tea plants toColletotrichumspp. However, the molecular and biochemical responses in the host during this interaction are unclear. Cuttings of the tea cultivar Longjing 43 (LJ43) were inoculated with a conidial suspension ofColletotrichum camelliae, and water-sprayed cuttings were used as controls. In total, 10,592 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the transcriptomic data of the tea plants and were significantly enriched in callose deposition and the biosynthesis of various phytohormones. Subsequently, 3,555 mass spectra peaks were obtained by LC–MS detection in the negative ion mode, and 27, 18 and 81 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified in the tea leaves at 12 hpi, 24 hpi and 72 hpi, respectively. The metabolomic analysis also revealed that the levels of the precursors and intermediate products of jasmonic acid (JA) and indole-3-acetate (IAA) biosynthesis were significantly increased during the interaction, especially when the symptoms became apparent. In conclusion, we suggest that callose deposition and various phytohormone signaling systems play important roles in the tea plant-C. camelliaeinteraction.
Metabolic effects of antihyperglycemic agents and mortality: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Rados Dimitris Varvaki , Viecceli Camila , Pinto Lana Catani , Gerchman Fernando , Leitão Cristiane Bauermann , Gross Jorge Luiz
Published: July 2020

The effects of antihyperglycemic medications on cardiovascular events and mortality are heterogeneous and their effects on intermediate factors might explain these differences. This systematic review explores the relationship between metabolic factors, mechanism of action, and mortality effects of antihyperglycemic medications in type 2 diabetes. Randomized trials assessing the effects of antihyperglycemic medications on all-cause or cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes were included. Myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure were secondary outcomes. The effects of medications on HbA1c, severe hypoglycemia (SH), body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and mechanism of action were evaluated. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed grouping studies according to the above-cited factors. All-cause mortality was lower for medications that reduced HbA1c, SH, body weight, and SBP. Decreased cardiovascular mortality was associated with lower HbA1c, SH, SBP. Myocardial infarction and stroke were also associated with favorable metabolic profile. These findings were not confirmed in meta-regression models. Medications associated with lower SH, body weight and SBP had a lower risk of heart failure. In conclusion, medications with better metabolic profile were associated with reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. These findings are based on indirect comparisons and must be applied cautiously.
Plasmodium falciparum isolate with histidine-rich protein 2 gene deletion from Nyala City, Western Sudan
Authors: Boush Mohammed A. , Djibrine Moussa A. , Mussa Ali , Talib Mustafa , Maki A. , Mohammed Abdulrahman , Beshir Khalid B. , Mohamed Zeehaida , Hajissa Khalid
Published: July 2020

In remote areas of malaria-endemic countries, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have dramatically improved parasitological confirmation of suspected malaria cases, especially when skilled microscopists are not available. This study was designed to determine the frequency of Plasmodium falciparum isolates with histidine-rich protein 2 (pfhrp2) gene deletion as one of the possible factors contributing to the failure of PfHRP2-based RDTs in detecting malaria. A total of 300 blood samples were collected from several health centres in Nyala City, Western Sudan. The performance of PfHRP2-based RDTs in relation to microscopy was examined and the PCR-confirmed samples were investigated for the presence of pfhrp2 gene. A total of 113 out of 300 patients were P. falciparum positive by microscopy. Among them, 93.81% (106 out of 113) were positives by the PfHRP2 RDTs. Seven isolates were identified as false negative on the basis of the RDTs results. Only one isolate (0.9%; 1/113) potentially has pfhrp2 gene deletion. The sensitivity and specificity of PfHRP2-based RDTs were 93.81% and 100%, respectively. The results provide insights into the pfhrp2 gene deletion amongst P. falciparum population from Sudan. However, further studies with a large and systematic collection from different geographical settings across the country are needed.
The indirect effect of peer problems on adolescent depression through nucleus accumbens volume alteration
Authors: Lee Kyung Hwa , Yoo Jae Hyun , Lee Jung , Kim Seong Hae , Han Ji Youn , Hong Soon-Beom , Shin Jiyoon , Cho Soo-Churl , Kim Jae-Won , Brent David A.
Published: July 2020

Literature suggests that neurobiological factors such as brain structure play an important role in linking social stress with depression in adolescence. We aimed to examine the role of subcortical volumetric alteration in the association between peer problems as one type of social stress and adolescent depression. We hypothesized that there would be indirect effects of peer problems on adolescent depression through subcortical volumetric alteration. Seventy eight adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) (age mean [SD] = 14.9 ± 1.5, 56 girls) and 47 healthy controls [14.3 ± 1.4, 26 girls]) participated in this study. High-resolution structural T1 images were collected using the Siemens 3T MR scanner. Subcortical volumes were segmented using the Freesurfer 6.0 package. Peer problems were assessed using the Peer-Victimization Scale and the Bullying-Behavior Scale. There was a significant indirect effect of peer problems on adolescent depression through nucleus accumbens (NAcc) volume alteration, but not through the amygdala and hippocampal volumes. This result supported our model, which stated that peer problems have indirect effects through subcortical volumetric alteration (i.e., increased NAcc volume) on adolescent depression. Our finding suggests that altered NAcc volume may serve as a pathway, through which peer problems as one type of social stressor contribute to adolescent depression.
Lipoxins, RevD1 and 9, 13 HODE as the most important derivatives after an early incident of ischemic stroke
Authors: Szczuko Małgorzata , Kotlęga Dariusz , Palma Joanna , Zembroń-Łacny Agnieszka , Tylutka Anna , Gołąb-Janowska Monika , Drozd Arleta
Published: July 2020

There is limited information available regarding the association of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) and inflammation mediators with ischemic stroke. At the same time, new treatment strategies are being pursued. The aim of this study was to carry out a thorough analysis of inflammation with multiple FFA-derivative mediators after and ischemic stroke and standard treatment. HPLC separations of 17 eicosanoids were performed using an Agilent Technologies 1,260 liquid chromatograph. The profiles of the esters of fatty acids were labelled by means of gas chromatography. FFA, and eicosanoid profiles in the group of patients after ischemic stroke significantly differed from the profile of the control group. Studies confirmed the involvement of derivative synthesis pathways responsible for the inflammation, especially palmitic acid (9 and 13 HODE), arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA. Arachidonic acid derivatives were synthesised on 5LOX, 15 LOX and COX pathways with the participation of prostaglandins while omega 3 derivatives strengthened the synthesis of resolvins, RevD1 in particular. The ability to accelerate the quenching of inflammation after ischemic stroke seems to be a promising strategy of stroke treatment in its early stage. In this context, our study points to lipoxins, RevD1, and 9, 13 HODE as the most important derivatives.
Red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus) adapt their interspecific gestural communication to the recipient’s behaviour
Authors: Aychet Juliette , Pezzino Pablo , Rossard Arnaud , Bec Philippe , Blois-Heulin Catherine , Lemasson Alban
Published: July 2020

Sensitivity to recipient’s attention and responsiveness are critical markers of intentional communication. Although previous research showed that ape gestures can be intentional, few studies have yet addressed this question concerning monkeys. Here, we characterise the effect of a recipient’s presence, attentional state and responsiveness on the interspecific gestural communication of captive red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus). Previous reports showed that they produced learnt begging gestures towards a human recipient preferentially when the latter was facing them. We used here a novel setup that allows subjects to move around an experimenter and to use different modalities (visual and acoustic) to communicate. We found that when the recipient was not facing them, mangabeys moved to a position in the visual field of their recipient rather than using attention-getters. Interestingly, unlike apes, they did not elaborate their communication visually or acoustically when the experimenter did not respond favourably to their begging. However, our results may suggest that begging gestures were goal-directed, since mangabeys inhibited them when the experimenter was not available to answer immediately (i.e. give a reward). Overall, red-capped mangabeys’ interspecific visual communication presented intentionality features, but their use of begging gestures was less flexible than that of great apes in similar situations.
Identification of epidermal differentiation genes of the tuatara provides insights into the early evolution of lepidosaurian skin
Authors: Holthaus Karin Brigit , Alibardi Lorenzo , Tschachler Erwin , Eckhart Leopold
Published: July 2020

The tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) is the phylogenetically closest relative of squamates (including lizards and snakes) from which it diverged around 250 million years ago. Together, they constitute the clade Lepidosauria. Fully terrestrial vertebrates (amniotes) form their skin barrier to the environment under the control of a gene cluster, termed the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC). Here we identified EDC genes in the genome of the tuatara and compared them to those of other amniotes. The organization of the EDC and proteins encoded by EDC genes are most similar in the tuatara and squamates. A subcluster of lepidosaurian EDC genes encodes corneous beta-proteins (CBPs) of which three different types are conserved in the tuatara. Small proline-rich proteins have undergone independent expansions in the tuatara and some, but not all subgroups of squamates. Two genes encoding S100 filaggrin-type proteins (SFTPs) are expressed during embryonic skin development of the tuatara whereas SFTP numbers vary between 1 and 3 in squamates. Our comparative analysis of the EDC in the tuatara genome suggests that many molecular features of the skin that were previously identified in squamates have evolved prior to their divergence from the lineage leading to the tuatara.
Genetic algorithm for the location control of femtosecond laser filament
Authors: Zhang Zhi , Kosareva Olga , Zhang Nan , Lin Lie , Liu Weiwei
Published: July 2020

An adaptive method based on the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to control the location of femtosecond laser filament. To verify the feasibility of this method, the simulation results obtained through the GA method are compared with those by the chirp method when femtosecond laser pulses with different pulse energies are used. It is found that the intensity profile and the phase of the femtosecond laser pulses obtained by the GA method are nearly identical to those obtained by the chirp method. It demonstrates that the GA adaptive control method can accurately control the position of the starting point of the filament in the femtosecond laser filamentation.
Author Correction: Repair of bone defects with prefabricated vascularized bone grafts and double-labeled bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model
Authors: Jiang Xiao-Rui , Yang Hui-Ying , Zhang Xin-Xin , Lin Guo-Dong , Meng Yong-Chun , Zhang Pei-Xun , Jiang Shan , Zhang Chun-Lei , Huang Fei , Xu Lin
Published: July 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Physician-related factors associated with unscheduled revisits to the emergency department and admission to the intensive care unit within 72 h
Authors: Chang Chao-Sheng , Lee Kuo-Hsin , Su Hung-Yuan , Sun Cheuk-Kwan , Tsai I-Ting , Lo Ying-Ying , Hsu Chih-Wei
Published: August 2020

Investigation of physician-related causes of unscheduled revisits to the emergency department (ED) within 72 h with subsequent admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) is an important parameter of emergency care quality. Between 2012 and 2017, medical records of all adult patients who visited the ED and returned within 72 h with subsequent ICU admission were retrospectively reviewed by three experienced emergency physicians. Study parameters were categorized into “input” (Patient characteristics), “throughput” (Time spent on first ED visit and seniority of emergency physicians, and “output” (Charlson Comorbidity Index). Of the 147 patients reviewed for the causes of ICU admission, 35 were physician-related (23.8%). Eight belonged to more urgent categories, whereas the majority (n = 27) were less urgent. Patients who spent less time on their first ED visits before discharge (< 2 h) were significantly associated with physician-related causes of ICU admission, whereas there was no significant difference in other “input,” “throughput,” and “output” parameters between the “physician-related” and “non-physician-related” groups. Short initial management time was associated with physician-related causes of ICU admission in patients with initial less urgent presentations, highlighting failure of the conventional triage system to identify potentially life-threatening conditions and possibility of misjudgement because of the patients' apparently minor initial presentations.
Mutational signature SBS8 predominantly arises due to late replication errors in cancer
Authors: Singh Vinod Kumar , Rastogi Arnav , Hu Xiaoju , Wang Yaqun , De Subhajyoti
Published: August 2020

Although a majority of somatic mutations in cancer are passengers, their mutational signatures provide mechanistic insights into mutagenesis and DNA repair processes. Mutational signature SBS8 is common in most cancers, but its etiology is debated. Incorporating genomic, epigenomic, and cellular process features for multiple cell-types we develop genome-wide composite epigenomic context-maps relevant for mutagenesis and DNA repair. Analyzing somatic mutation data from multiple cancer types in their epigenomic contexts, we show that SBS8 preferentially occurs in gene-poor, lamina-proximal, late replicating heterochromatin domains. While SBS8 is uncommon among mutations in non-malignant tissues, in tumor genomes its proportions increase with replication timing and speed, and checkpoint defects further promote this signature - suggesting that SBS8 probably arises due to uncorrected late replication errors during cancer progression. Our observations offer a potential reconciliation among different perspectives in the debate about the etiology of SBS8 and its relationship with other mutational signatures.
Room-temperature quantum spin Hall phase in laser-patterned few-layer 1T′- MoS2
Authors: Katsuragawa Naoki , Nishizawa Mizuki , Nakamura Taketomo , Inoue Taiki , Pakdel Sahar , Maruyama Shigeo , Katsumoto Shingo , Palacios Juan Jose , Haruyama Junji
Published: August 2020

The quantum-spin-Hall (QSH) phase of 2D topological insulators has attracted increased attention since the onset of 2D materials research. While large bulk gaps with vanishing edge gaps in atomically thin layers have been reported, verifications of the QSH phase by resistance measurements are comparatively few. This is partly due to the poor uniformity of the bulk gap induced by the substrate over a large sample area and/or defects induced by oxidation. Here, we report the observation of the QSH phase at room-temperature in the 1T′-phase of few-layer MoS2 patterned onto the 2H semiconducting phase using low-power and short-time laser beam irradiation. Two different resistance measurements reveal hallmark transport conductance values, ~e2/2 h and e2/4 h, as predicted by the theory. Magnetic-field dependence, scanning tunneling spectra, and calculations support the emergence of the room-temperature QSH phase. Although further experimental verification is still desirable, our results provide feasible application to room-temperature topological devices.
Catalytic reductive aminations using molecular hydrogen for synthesis of different kinds of amines
Authors: Murugesan Kathiravan , Senthamarai Thirusangumurugan , Chandrashekhar Vishwas G. , Natte Kishore , Kamer Paul C. J. , Beller Matthias , Jagadeesh Rajenahally V.
Published: July 2020

Catalytic reductive aminations using molecular hydrogen represent an essential and widely used methodology for the synthesis of different kinds of amines.
Synthesis and H− conductivity of a new oxyhydride Ba2YHO3 with anion-ordered rock-salt layers
Authors: Nawaz Haq , Takeiri Fumitaka , Kuwabara Akihide , Yonemura Masao , Kobayashi Genki
Published: July 2020

We report the synthesis and H− conductivity for a new layered perovskite oxyhydride Ba2YHO3 with anion-ordered rock-salt layers.
Simple one-step synthesis of a two-dimensional perovskite consisting of perfluoroalkyl-based ammonium spacers using acetone as the solvent
Authors: Nishimura Naoyuki , Tojo Masahiro , Takeoka Yuko
Published: July 2020

Acetone, regarded as a poor solvent for perovskite materials, was found to be suitable for simple one-step synthesis of the perfluoroalkyl-based two-dimensional perovskite (C3F7CH2NH3)2PbBr4.
Charge transfer in DHICA eumelanin-like oligomers: role of hydrogen bonds
Authors: Choudhury Arpan , Ghosh Debashree
Published: July 2020

The building blocks of eumelanin can be used as versatile material with enhanced charge transfer properties.
Correction: How to stay out of trouble in RIXS calculations within equation-of-motion coupled-cluster damped response theory? Safe hitchhiking in the excitation manifold by means of core–valence separation
Authors: Nanda Kaushik D. , Vidal Marta L. , Faber Rasmus , Coriani Sonia , Krylov Anna I.
Published: July 2020

Correction for ‘How to stay out of trouble in RIXS calculations within equation-of-motion coupled-cluster damped response theory? Safe hitchhiking in the excitation manifold by means of core–valence separation’ by Kaushik D. Nanda et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2020, 22, 2629–2641, DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03688a.
A versatile nitrogen ligand for alkaline-earth chemistry
Authors: Chapple Peter M. , Cordier Marie , Dorcet Vincent , Roisnel Thierry , Carpentier Jean-François , Sarazin Yann
Published: July 2020

A readily available and versatile bis(imino)carbazolate ligand is shown to allow for the synthesis of a broad range of solution stable heteroleptic complexes of the alkaline-earth metals Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba.
Isomers in chlorido and alkoxido-substituted oxidorhenium(v) complexes: effects on catalytic epoxidation activity
Authors: Schachner Jörg A. , Belaj Ferdinand , Mösch-Zanetti Nadia C.
Published: August 2020

Pairs of stereoisomers and chlorido/alkoxido oxidorhenium(v) complexes are described and allow for a systematic investigation of the influence on catalytic activity in standard cyclooctene epoxidation.
Correction: Pyridine N-oxide promoted hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by [PSiP]-pincer iron hydrides
Authors: Chang Guoliang , Zhang Peng , Yang Wenjing , Xie Shangqing , Sun Hongjian , Li Xiaoyan , Fuhr Olaf , Fenske Dieter
Published: July 2020

Correction for ‘Pyridine N-oxide promoted hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by [PSiP]-pincer iron hydrides’ by Guoliang Chang et al., Dalton Trans., 2020, 49, 9349–9354, DOI: 10.1039/D0DT00392A.
“Water-in-salt” polymer electrolyte for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Jiaxun , Cui Chunyu , Wang Peng-Fei , Li Qin , Chen Long , Han Fudong , Jin Ting , Liu Sufu , Choudhary Hema , Raghavan Srinivasa R. , Eidson Nico , von Cresce Arthur , Ma Lin , Uddin Jasim , Addison Dan , Yang Chongyin , Wang Chunsheng
Published: July 2020

An extended electrochemical stability window of 3.86 V is achieved at 12 mol kg−1 aqueous polymer electrolyte enabled 3 V full cells with an unprecedented high initial CE of 90.50% and average CE of 99.97%.
Discovery of high-performance thermoelectric copper chalcogenide using modified diffusion-couple high-throughput synthesis and automated histogram analysis technique
Authors: Deng Tingting , Xing Tong , Brod Madison K. , Sheng Ye , Qiu Pengfei , Veremchuk Igor , Song Qingfeng , Wei Tian-Ran , Yang Jiong , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Grin Yuri , Chen Lidong , Shi Xun
Published: July 2020

A modified HTP synthesis method and an automated histogram analysis technique are developed to screen the new stable ternary CTS compound Cu7Sn3S10.
The impact of postharvest storage and cooking time on mineral bioaccessibility in common beans
Authors: Rousseau Sofie , Celus Miete , Duijsens Dorine , Gwala Shannon , Hendrickx Marc , Grauwet Tara
Published: July 2020

Postharvest storage negatively influences the common bean mineral bioaccessibility which cannot be counteracted by adapting conventional processing variables. However, dehulling can lead to an improvement of mineral bioaccessibility.
Pyridine-based hypercrosslinked polymers as support materials for palladium photocatalysts and their application in Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhang Le , Zhang Xiaoli , Yang Didi , Du Cheng , Wan Liu , Au Chaktong , Chen Jian , Xie Mingjiang
Published: July 2020

Under ambient conditions, a Pd catalyst supported by a pyridine-based hypercrosslinked conjugated polymer shows excellent photocatalytic performance in S–M reactions.
Reactions of organoplatinum complexes with dimethylamine-borane
Authors: Robinson Shawn , Puddephatt Richard J.
Published: July 2020

Reactions of organoplatinum complexes with dimethylamineborane are reported.
Remarkably high thermal-driven MoS2 grain boundary migration mobility and its implications on defect healing
Authors: Liu Xiangjun , Yu Zhi Gen , Zhang Gang , Zhang Yong-Wei
Published: July 2020

Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) hold great potential for many important device applications, such as field effect transistors and sensors, which require a robust control of defect type, density, and distribution.
C-Alkylation of alkali metal carbanions with olefins
Authors: Mandigma Mark John P. , Domański Michał , Barham Joshua P.
Published: August 2020

C-Alkylations of alkali metal carbanions with olefins, first reported five decades ago, is undergoing a resurgence in organic synthesis. A historical perspective, contemporary applications and developing mechanistic understanding are presented.
Synthetic approaches and applications of sulfonimidates
Authors: Matos Priscilla Mendonça , Stockman Robert A.
Published: August 2020

This review encompasses the developments in sulfonimidate chemistry, focusing on both syntheses and applications of these important organosulfur(vi) species.
Electrochemical performance of Li+ insertion/extraction in Ni-substituted ZnCo2O4 as an emerging highly efficient anode material
Authors: Ghaffar Abdul , Ali Ghulam , Zawar Sidra , Hasan Mariam , Mustafa Ghulam M. , Atiq Shahid , Ramay Shahid M.
Published: August 2020

With the industrial revolution in electronics, the demand for lithium-ion batteries, particularly those designed for electric vehicles and energy storage systems, has accelerated in recent years.
Synthesis of alginate–polycation capsules of different composition: characterization and their adsorption for [As(iii)] and [As(v)] from aqueous solutions
Authors: Thomas-Busani Cristopeer , Sarabia-Sainz José Andrei , García-Hernández Jaqueline , Madera-Santana Tomás J. , Vázquez-Moreno Luz , Ramos-Clamont Montfort Gabriela
Published: August 2020

A simple protonation of alginate beads allows the absorption of arsenate and arsenite.
Fused multicyclic polyketides with a two-spiro-carbon skeleton from mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Epicoccum nigrum SCNU-F0002
Authors: Yan Zhangyuan , Li Jialin , Ye Geting , Chen Tao , Li Meimei , Liang Yanmin , Long Yuhua
Published: August 2020

A pair of uncommon fused multicyclic polyketides, (±)-isoepicolactone and one new isobenzofuranone monomer, together with four other known biosynthetically related compounds were isolated from the fermentation of fungus Epicoccum nigrum SCNU-F0002.
Selective hydrogenation of nitroaromatics to N-arylhydroxylamines in a micropacked bed reactor with passivated catalyst
Authors: Xu Feng , Chen Jian-Li , Jiang Zhi-Jiang , Cheng Peng-Fei , Yu Zhi-Qun , Su Wei-Ke
Published: August 2020

High selective hydrogenation of nitroaromatics to n-arylhydroxylamines in a micropacked bed reactor with passivated catalyst.
Thermal and solvatochromic effects on the emission properties of a thienyl-based dansyl derivative
Authors: Pazin W. M. , Almeida A. K. A. , Manzoni V. , Dias J. M. M. , de Abreu A. C. F. , Navarro M. , Ito A. S. , Ribeiro A. S. , de Oliveira I. N.
Published: August 2020

We use a combination of experimental and computational methods to investigate thermal and solvatochromic effects on the fluorescence properties of a dansyl derivative bearing a thienyl substituent, 2-(3-thienyl)ethyl dansylglycinate (TEDG).
Role of ion-selective membranes in the carbon balance for CO2 electroreduction via gas diffusion electrode reactor designs
Authors: Ma Ming , Kim Sangkuk , Chorkendorff Ib , Seger Brian
Published: August 2020

In this work, the effect of ion-selective membranes on the detailed carbon balance was systematically analyzed for high-rate CO2 reduction in GDE-type flow electrolyzers.
Free-standing metal–organic framework (MOF) monolayers by self-assembly of polymer-grafted nanoparticles
Authors: Barcus Kyle , Cohen Seth M.
Published: August 2020

We report a general method for the synthesis of free-standing, self-assembled MOF monolayers (SAMMs) at an air–water interface using polymer-brush coated MOF nanoparticles.
Hierarchical nanosheets built from superatomic clusters: properties, exfoliation and single-crystal-to-single-crystal intercalation
Authors: Kephart Jonathan A. , Romero Catherine G. , Tseng Chun-Chih , Anderton Kevin J. , Yankowitz Matthew , Kaminsky Werner , Velian Alexandra
Published: August 2020

Designer inorganic nanoblocks encrypt 2D superatomic crystals with in-plane anisotropy, quasi-chiral domains and rich physicochemical properties.
Triple the fun: tris(ferrocenyl)arene-based gold(i) complexes for redox-switchable catalysis
Authors: Straube Axel , Coburger Peter , Dütsch Luis , Hey-Hawkins Evamarie
Published: August 2020

Trinuclear gold(i) complexes ofC3-symmetric tris(ferrocenyl)arene-based tris-phosphanes with four accessible oxidation states catalyse the ring-closing isomerisation ofN-(2-propyn-1-yl)benzamide with different rates depending on their redox state.
Ni–Sn intermetallics as an efficient buffering matrix of Si anodes in Li-ion batteries
Authors: Azib Tahar , Bibent Nicolas , Latroche Michel , Fischer Florent , Jumas Jean-Claude , Olivier-Fourcade Josette , Jordy Christian , Lippens Pierre-Emmanuel , Cuevas Fermin
Published: August 2020

High-capacity Si-based anodes with good coulombic efficiency and long-cycle life are achieved by embedding silicon nanoparticles in dual Ni3Sn4/Ni3Sn2 active/inactive intermetallic matrix.
Impact of local structure on halogen ion migration in layered methylammonium copper halide memory devices
Authors: Ray Aniruddha , Martín-García Beatriz , Martinelli Alberto , Spirito Davide , Locardi Federico , Altamura Davide , Giannini Cinzia , Prato Mirko , Manna Liberato , Abdelhady Ahmed L.
Published: August 2020

Refined structural studies shine light on the factors favouring ion migration in layered methylammonium copper halide materials and their memory devices.
Identification of a subpopulation of long-term tumor-initiating cells in colon cancer
Authors: Peng Linglong , Xiong Yongfu , Wang Rong , Xiang Ling , Zhou He , Gu Haitao
Published: July 2020

Long-term tumor-initiating cells (LT-TICs) are viewed as a quantifiable target for colon cancer therapy owing to their extensive self-renewal and tumorigenic and metastatic capacities. However, it is unknown which subpopulation of colon cancer cells contains LT-TICs. Here, based on the methods for isolating and identifying cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the functional features of LT-TICs, we aimed to identify a subpopulation of LT-TICs. Among the six cell lines assessed, our results showed that CD133 and CD44 coexpression was only detected in HCT116 and HT29 cell lines. In HCT116 and HT29 cells, CD133+CD44+ cells not only shared the extensive tumorigenic potential of LT-TICs but also functionally reproduced the behaviors of LT-TICs that drive tumor metastasis (TM) formation, suggesting that CD133+CD44+ cells are a typical representation of LT-TICs in colon cancer. Mechanistically, the enhanced capacity of CD133+CD44+ cells to drive metastasis involves the up-regulated expression of Wnt-, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-, and metastasis-related genes in these cells. Additionally, CD133+CD44+ cells presented significant chemoresistance compared with corresponding nontumorigenic CD133−CD44− cells following exposure to oxaliplatin (OXLP) or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Accordingly, CD133+CD44+ cells contained lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels than CD1133−CD44− cells, and the low ROS levels in CD133+CD44+ cells were related to the enhancement of antioxidant defense systems. More importantly, CD133+CD44+ cells developed less DNA damage after exposure to chemotherapeutics than CD133−CD44− cells. In conclusion, we identified a subpopulation of LT-TICs in colon cancer.
Relationship between preterm, low birth weight and early childhood caries: a meta-analysis of the case–control and cross-sectional study
Authors: Shi Linan , Jia Jinhai , Li Chunnian , Zhao Caiyun , Li Ting , Shi Hong , Zhang Xiaolin
Published: July 2020

Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent chronic infectious diseases in children. The effective prevention and treatment are heavy burdens and study hotspots for pediatric dentists. Many studies had investigated the relationship between preterm, low birth weight (LBW) and ECC; however, the results were inconsistent. The present study was conducted with an evidence-based study to figure out the relationship between preterm, LBW and ECC for the first time. After searching the database, case–control and cross-sectional studies relevant to the relationship between preterm, LBW and ECC up to December 2019 were included. The data about odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were extracted and calculated with STATA 14.0 Software. A total of 22 studies were included in this meta-analysis, 9 studies of which did not only explore the relationship between ECC with preterm, but also study the relationship between ECC and LBW, 7 studies of which explored the relationship between preterm and ECC, and 6 studies of which studied the relationship between LBW and ECC. The meta-analysis results showed that the preterm increased the risk of ECC (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.36–1.87) significantly. There was no difference between LBW and normal birth weight in the incidence of ECC (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.94–1.33). The meta-analysis results of adjustment OR about LBW were similar to the crude OR (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.71–1.57). This meta-analysis indicated that preterm increased the risk of ECC significantly; however, LBW was not a risk factor for ECC.
PEG3mutation is associated with elevated tumor mutation burden and poor prognosis in breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Min , Zhang Jin
Published: July 2020

Background: Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in women and considered as a severe health burden. PEG3 mutations have been observed in several cancers. However, the associations of PEG3 mutation with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and prognosis in breast cancer have not been investigated. Methods: In our study, the somatic mutation data of 986 breast cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. Results: It showed that PEG3 had a relatively high mutation rate (2%). After calculated the TMB in PEG3 mutant and PEG3 wild-type groups, we found the TMB value was significantly higher in PEG3 mutant samples than that in PEG3 wild-type samples (P = 5.6e-07), which was independent of the confounding factors including age, stage, mutations of BRCA1, BRCA2 and POLE (odd ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.20–0.98; P=0.044). Survival analysis revealed that PEG3 mutant samples had inferior survival outcome compared with the PEG3 wild-type samples after adjusted for the confounding factors above (hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% CI: 0.12–0.57; P<0.001). Conclusion: These results illustrated that PEG3 mutation was associated with high TMB and inferior prognosis, suggesting PEG3 mutation might play a guiding role in prognosis prediction and immunotherapy selection in breast cancer.
Year effect on blooming and harvesting time and fruit weight in two peach varieties grown under Sais valley climatic conditions
Authors: Zarzar Rania , Blenzar Abdelali , Asfers Adil , Ait Houssa Abelhadi , Kodad Ossama
Published: August 2020

Morocco is country concerned by climate warming, phenomenon affecting fruit tree phenology and yield. The present study aims at evaluating blooming and maturity date, fruit weight and yield of two peach varieties grown under Sais Valley conditions during three consecutive years (2017 to 2019). The results showed that, for both varieties, the flowering time was 7 days earlier in 2017 than in 2018. Temperatures were highest in 2017 than in other years of study. For both varieties, the maturity date was earliest in 2017 and 2019, compared to that recorded in 2018. During fruit growth period, the temperatures were higher in 2017 and 2019 compared to those recorded in 2018. The fruit weight was significantly low during the warmest years. From year to year, the fluctuation of flowering and maturity date of the peach in Sais Valley might be related to the variability of temperatures. The warmest years were characterized by early flowering and fruit maturity and low fruit weight.
Technique of tooth relieving of worm hobs for cutting Novikov gears with double lines of action
Authors: Sandler Alexander , Lagutin Sergey
Published: August 2020

Worm hobs for cutting Novikov gears have the profile of a generating worm, which varies not only in a radius, but also in a sign of curvature. A technique for relieving tooth flanks of these hobs by disk grinding wheel is developed. It allows for bringing together grinding and ground profiles in an axial section of the generating worm as close as possible. A method for calculating setting-ups and profile coordinates of the grinding wheel is given for real production conditions.
COVID-19 aus Sicht des Nephrologen
Authors: Kann Martin , Benzing Thomas
Published: July 2020

Increasing insight into the clinical phenotype and mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 has identified damage of the kidneys as a key player in the course of the disease. This manuscript summarizes the current knowledge on direct viral infection of kidney tissue, proteinuria and acute kidney injury in COVID-19, and management of patients on chronic dialysis as well as after kidney transplantation. Direct infection of podocytes and proximal tubular cells by SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed and results in proteinuria and hematuria at an early stage of COVID-19. In this context, any kidney affection is a predictor of worse outcomes among COVID-19 patients irrespective of the initial presentation and increases the risk of acute kidney injury. Specific therapies for kidney damage and acute kidney injury within COVID-19 that could be generally recommended are currently lacking. Patients on chronic hemodialysis in particular are at risk for contracting SARS-CoV-2 infections as indicated by outbreaks and super-spreading events in hemodialysis facilities. Immunosuppressive therapy after kidney transplantation needs to be adapted upon diagnosis of COVID-19 depending on the severity of the initial presentation.
Endocavity Ultrasound Transducers: Why High-Level Disinfection Is Necessary
Authors: Westerway Susan Campbell , Basseal Jocelyne M.
Published: July 2020

As a medical imaging modality, ultrasound is used by a wide cross-section of practitioners including radiologists, obstetricians, gynecologists, gastroenterologists, urologists and cardiologists. The increasing popularity of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool is due not only to the ease of use and portability of systems, but also to the perceived safety aspect of the examination. This latter point needs to be examined. As with any reusable medical device, the ultrasound transducer, also known as a probe, could potentially be a vector for the transmission of pathogenic viruses and fungi between patients if not correctly disinfected after each use. This transmission risk is magnified for an endocavity transducer that has come in contact with the vagina, anal canal or oral cavity, as it could be contaminated with organisms transmitted by blood or mucosal, genital or rectal secretions. Based on the Spaulding system, transducers that come in contact with mucous membranes are classified as semi-critical devices that require high-level disinfection (HLD) after each patient procedure. This HLD process should eliminate all microorganisms except high numbers of bacterial endospores. Only a small number of countries worldwide have implemented transducer reprocessing guidelines that adhere to the Spaulding classification and recommend HLD for endocavity transducers. Overall, there is a lack of conformity among global health agencies regarding the use of HLD for endocavity transducers. This is primarily due to the perception that the infection transmission risk is negligible and that if an endocavity transducer has been covered with a single-use sheath for the procedure, then low-level disinfection provides sufficient protection against pathogen transmission. The objective of this study was to review the published risk of infection transmission from endocavity transducers. By highlighting the outbreaks and case reports that implicate pathogen transmission from transducers, we posit that HLD should be a global standard of practice for the reprocessing of endocavity transducers. It requires substantial time for national health administrations to develop and legislate new recommendations, and for practice changes to be accepted and implemented by healthcare providers. We recommend that Joint Commission International (JCI) and other equivalent organizations enforce the use of HLD of endocavity ultrasound transducers during their accreditation reviews.
Kasuistik: Homöopathische Behandlung einer atypischen Mykobakteriose
Authors: Großgott Peter
Published: August 2020

Zwei Kinder mit bekannter atypischer Mykobakteriose wurden erfolgreich homöopathisch behandelt. Das wichtigste Mittel war Silica marina.
Codonopsis lanceolata Contributes to Ca2+ Homeostasis by Mediating SOCE and PLC/IP3 Pathways in Vascular Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Kim Min Kyung , Han A Young , Shin You Kyoung , Lee Kwang-Won , Seol Geun Hee
Published: July 2020

Codonopsis lanceolata has been widely used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-lipogenic agent in traditional medicine. Recently, C. lanceolata was reported to prevent hypertension by improving vascular function. This study evaluated the effects of C. lanceolata and its major component lancemaside A on cytosolic calcium concentration in vascular endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Cytosolic calcium concentration was measured using fura-2 AM fluorescence. C. lanceolata or lancemaside A increased the cytosolic calcium concentration by releasing Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum and sarcoplasmic reticulum and by Ca2+ entry into endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells from extracellular sources. The C. lanceolata- and lancemaside A-induced cytosolic calcium concentration increases were significantly inhibited by lanthanum, an inhibitor of non-selective cation channels, in both endothelial
cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Moreover, C. lanceolata and lancemaside A significantly inhibited store-operated Ca2+ entry under pathological extracellular Ca2+ levels. In Ca2+-free extracellular fluid, increases in the cytosolic calcium concentration induced by C. lanceolata or lancemaside A were significantly inhibited by U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, and 2-APB, an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor antagonist. In addition, dantrolene treatment, which inhibits Ca2+ release through ryanodine receptor channels, also inhibited C. lanceolata- or lancemaside A-induced increases in the cytosolic calcium concentration through the phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate pathway. These results suggest that C. lanceolata and lancemaside A increase the cytosolic calcium concentration through the non-selective cation channels and phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate pathways
under physiological conditions and inhibit store-operated Ca2+ entry under pathological conditions in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. C. lanceolata or lancemaside A can protect endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells by maintaining cytosolic calcium concentration homeostasis, suggesting possible applications for these materials in diets for preventing vascular damage.
Asymptomatic Presacral Paraganglioma: Management of an Unpredictable Intraoperative Finding
Authors: Samara Athina A. , Diamantis Alexandros , Symeonidis Dimitrios , Anagnostou Athanasios , Diamantis Andreas Marios , Mavrovounis Georgios , Tepetes Konstantinos
Published: August 2020

Paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors originating from the embryological neural crest. We report a rare case of a patient with an asymptomatic presacral mass (incidentaloma) who experienced an unpredictable intraoperative hypertensive crisis after manipulation of the tumor. Presacral neoplasms pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to their obscure anatomical location and the difficulty in performing an R0 excision. Furthermore, the management of asymptomatic paragangliomas requires a high level of clinical suspicion and expertise due to potential life-threatening intraoperative complications.
Safety of Interhospital ECMO Transport by Low-Volume ECMO Transport Centers
Authors: Singh Kalpana , Ojito Jorge , Sasaki Jun
Published: July 2020

We present our 20 years of experience as a low-volume extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) transport center from the Southeast United States. This is a retrospective chart review of all ECMO transported patients between 1998 and 2017. Of 26 patients who were ECMO transported, median age was 15.5 days, 14 patients (54%) were neonates, 18 (69%) patients had primary cardiac pathologies, and 16 (61.5%) patients had primary ECMO transport. Median distance traveled was 81 miles. All patients were on venoarterial ECMO. Complications occurred in three patients (11.5%). Survival to discharge was 69%. Neonatal and pediatric ECMO transport by a low-volume ECMO transport center is safe.
Kommentar: „Wir sollten im Gesundheitswesen nachhaltiger denken“
Authors: Fellner Dieter
Published: August 2020

Die aktuelle Krise offenbart einmal mehr auch die Effekte eines falschen Sparkurses. Wir müssen im Gesundheitswesen wieder nachhaltiger denken und in Qualität investieren. Wir brauchen ein Umdenken, weg von einem Wettbewerb, der primär über den Preis ausgetragen wird, hin zu nachhaltigen Planungs- und Steuerungsgrößen.
Blockchain-Technologie: Kann der Krankenhauseinkauf in Zukunft von dieser Technologie profitieren?
Authors: Schlüchtermann Jörg , Köhler Mathias
Published: August 2020

Die Blockchain-Technologie ist in aller Munde. Derzeit sind aber nur erste Konturen einer sinnvollen Anwendung in der Materialwirtschaft erkennbar. Der Beitrag zeigt perspektivisch auf, wo und wie der Krankenhauseinkauf zukünftig von dieser Technologie profitieren könnte.
Smart Devices in der Krankenhauslogistik: Smart bed – digitale Unterstützung der Bettenlogistik
Authors: Hintze Marcus , Wibbeling Sebastian
Published: August 2020

Smart Devices sind ein wichtiges Teilglied für die Digitalisierung in Krankenhäusern. Auch in der Krankenhauslogistik wird der Anteil dieser smarten Geräte zunehmen. Anhand des vom Fraunhofer IML entwickelten Smart bed wird ein Smart Device vorgestellt, welches die Bettenprozesse für die beteiligten Mitarbeiter im Krankenhaus vereinfacht.
Rechnungswesen: Plädoyer für die XRechnung im Klinikeinkauf
Authors: Güsgen Herbert
Published: August 2020

Auftragnehmer von öffentlichen Institutionen sind ab dem 27. November 2020 dazu verpflichtet, elektronische Rechnungen versenden zu können. Da Krankenhäuser nicht nur als Rechnungsempfänger auftreten, sondern auch als Rechnungssteller über ihre Servicegesellschaften an öffentliche Auftragnehmer herantreten, ist das Thema von entsprechender Relevanz.
Drohnen in der Krankenhauslogistik: Erweitertes Logistikspektrum durch Drohnen-Einsatz
Authors: Kriegel Johannes
Published: August 2020

Drohnen können als unbemannte Luftfahrzeuge unterschiedliche Funktionen und Tätigkeiten erfüllen. Selbst im Krankenhauswesen sind sie schon vertreten und der technologische Fortschritt spricht dafür, dass Drohnen zukünftig auch in der Intralogistik im Klinikum eingesetzt werden.