bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma aplicação do Índice de Desenvolvimento Sustentável aos municípios do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Frainer Daniel Massen , De Souza Celso Correia , Reis Neto José Francisco , Castelão Raul Asseff
Published: May 2017

Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia muito utilizada para o desenvolvimento do Índice de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Municipal (IDSM). O objetivo foi gerar um ranking desses municípios que possa servir como sustentação para a tomada de decisão tanto pública como privada em relação ao desenvolvimento local sustentável. Os resultados apontaram que o principal problema da sustentabilidade está na estrutura institucional que, em certos municípios, encontra-se em estado de alerta.
The Meca Sapiens Blueprint
Authors: Tardy Jean E.
Published: May 2017

"The Meca Sapiens Blueprint" is a Cognitive Architecture that describes, in detail, how to build a conscious machine. A robotic system based on The Meca Sapiens Blueprint would be a unique and autonomous entity that is self-aware and capable of intentional mutations. It would interact with its users as an independent and self-directed being.

The Meca Sapiens Blueprint is the only Cognitive Architecture currently available that provides a complete and feasible solution to implement Synthetic Consciousness. Its content is unique and entirely original. A software team that implements this architecture will transform an autonomous agent into a conscious synthetic being.

Intended for software implementation, The Meca Sapiens Blueprint is readily accessible to anyone interested in Artificial Intelligence. By discovering the mechanisms that generate consciousness in machines, readers will gain new insights about human consciousness itself.
A Generic Matrix Method to Model the Magnetics of Multi-Coil Air-Cored IPT Systems
Authors: Venugopal Prasanth , Bandyopadhyay Soumya , Bauer Pavol , Ferreira Jan Abraham
Published: May 2017

This paper deals with a generic methodology to evaluate the magnetic parameters of contactless power transfer systems. Neumann's integral has been used to create a matrix method that can model the magnetics of single coils (circle, square, rectangle). The principle of superposition has been utilised to extend the theory to multi-coil geometries such as double circular, double rectangle and double rectangle quadrature assuming linearity of magnetics. Numerical and experimental validation has been performed to validate the analytical models developed. A rigorous application of the analysis has been carried out to study misalignment and hence the efficacy of various geometries to misalignment tolerance. Comparison of single-coil and multi-coil shapes considering coupling variation with misalignment, power transferred and maximum efficiency is carried out.
An Investigation of the Composition of the Flow in and out of a Two-stroke Diesel engine and Air Consumption Ratio
Authors: Grljušić Mirko , Tolj Ivan , Radica Gojmir
Published: May 2017

The aim of this research was to investigate the mass, substances and energy flow through two-stroke low speed Diesel engines. For this reason, a zero-dimensional model of the combustion in the engine was developed with a calculated amount and composition of exhaust gases. Due to the large amount of oxygen in the exhaust gases, a ratio of real air consumption and stoichiometric amount of air required for combustion of injected fuel was set. The calculated ratio showed that the engine consumes four times more air than needed for combustion in AFRstoich. In this work it is called the Air Consumption Factor or Ratio and has not been mentioned in scientific literature before. Air Consumption Ratio is defined as a factor of dry or humid air. To be more comprehensive, a modified diagram of composition of the flow in and out of a two-stroke fuel injection engine and the cylinder was drawn.
Driving at Full Employment of Youth of India – Reflecting on Concrete Experience and Abstract Conceptualizing an Action Plan
Authors: Purushothaman P
Published: May 2017

The unemployment of youth in India is on the rise. The employability of fresh graduates in India is very low. The general productivity of workforce is also very low. Proper and more interventions, positive actions are required to address the above problems. Solutions may be possible through the four elements of psychological capital development of youth namely, confidence, optimism, perseverance and bouncing back. This paper attempts first mapping the author's own concrete life-long experience with PysCap elements. Then attempting to abstract conceptualizing an action plan, as a learner. This has given some insights, particularly taking the Indian context of spirituality, large population of unemployed youth and how they could be given proper orientation on industry expectation and developing networks through mentors from industry, as one of the best method of effective skill training is by the employer whether formal or informal training, as the industry can not reject the educated youth, after they complete their education. In addition, the paper presents a learner produced integrated PsyCap schematic diagram and recommends an action plan which can be taken up for further participatory-action research. The paper can be used as a case study learning material for development students as this covers developmental psychology, adult education, traditional apprenticeship, gurukula, formal education, distance mode and self directed learning. The positive PsyCap development is not one time exercise, but spreads from young age to old age, as we can not waste the human resources of our country at this critical time of providing and meeting sustainable development goals. 
Need to Restructure Teacher Education in India with reference to Globalization and Localization
Authors: Srivastava Sangeeta , Srivastava P.K.
Published: May 2017

Globalization is a feeling that the individual is not only a member of his/her state, but a citizen of the world and subsequently teacher education should reflect this global outlook. Now the question arises: How teachers' education can be transformed from a traditional country bound training program to a new globalized teachers’ education?  One of the global challenges which are appearing in this context is to have a gestalt development of any country with all its special cultural identity together with globalization. Only globalization of education is inadequate without localization to pay attention towards the preserving of cultures. It should treat each unique culture and society with due respect, realizing that global education is not only learning about all innovations occurred globally, but also studying different cultures of the world and maintaining them as a cultural heritage of universe. This paper is an attempt to analyze the present position of teacher education in the context of globalization and to explore the need and ways to restructure and redefine teacher education with reference to globalization and localization. It concludes that restructuring teachers' education with reference to globalization and localization is an urgent need so that we may get such teachers who not only will possess world class knowledge but also right attitude to work and live with open mindedness, and will take them forward in global scenario for the welfare of mankind. 
“Is there life after death?”: In search of ‘After Life’ in Yann Martel’s Life of Pi
Authors: Rai Indrani Singh
Published: May 2017

The most awestruck question since the beginning of recorded history, perhaps is, ‘Is there life after death?’ It’s the eternal search of human soul on earth. Yann Martel’s novel Life of Pi enchants the imagination and wakefulness of the essential impulse of life. In fact, Martel captivates the readers with a stunning story-telling and explores an ‘awareness’ which perhaps cannot be known but felt only. The appalling combat with hostile nature for survival forces Pito castaway at sea. It is the calamitous extent to which creatures go after facing extinction but he comes back. The miracle which Pi experiences, is beyond religious inferences or scientific rationalizations. This paper tries to explore the metaphysical existence of human soul and its bliss through the understanding of NDE.
Pradyumnapur: The First Capital of Malla Dynasty: Mallabhum
Authors: Majumder Sukanta
Published: May 2017

Nirsinghadev was a great king of Pradyumnapur. In 694 AD (Bengali 101 Abdo), in Indradadashi Tithi,  Raghunath’s coronation had done at Pradyumnapur  in front of God Indra and Panchanan Ghosal gave him the title as ‘Malla’ and Raghunath was known as Raghunath Malla. From that time started a new era ’Mallabdo’ and Kingdome was known as Mallabhum.  After 300 years and eighteen rulers of Mallabhum kingdom, capital was transferred from Pradyumnapur to Bishnupur.
Problems of North-East People in Metro Cities of India: Need of Human Values for Happy and Healthy Life
Authors: Aamareswaran N.
Published: May 2017

In the present liberalized, privatized, globalized, scientific, technological, and digit world the life styles of human beings are changing from time to time. A man need values, principles and culture to become human. The main aim of education is all-round development i.e., physical, mental, spiritual, social, political, technological, and economic development of an individual. Education is a key for development. The people from North-East India in general and tribes in particular are migrating to the metro cities of India for better education, health and employment. Because of their physical features and geographical influence people from North-East India are facing problems at metro cities. Sometimes these problems are diverting or converting into a racial discrimination also. The real citizens of India are not treating as citizens of their own country people. It is a painful and not helpful for national integration. Lack of human values in individual is the only single reason behind these problems. In the present paper an attempt has been made to find the different types of problems and causes of problems. It is also suggested the valuable things to do to solve all types of problems for happy and healthy life. 
A Survey on the Usage of ICT in Pedagogy of Science
Authors: Chakravarty Ritu Tripathi
Published: May 2017

Information Communication Technology ICT has impacted the learning world. Educational systems have witnessed changes in the pedagogical approaches with the advent of ICT.

The survey of ten science teachers of ten different schools of Lucknow was done to the how ICT is being used as in the classroom pedagogy. The self prepare questionnaire was used. The data was collected from the science teachers. The findings are interesting. It was found that few science subjects the ICT and its applications are used optimally but some others were very less benefited by ICT. The findings also discusses the readiness of the science teachers for the usage of different types of ICT in teaching and management role in engaging and encouraging  the opportunities for the usage  of ICT in science teachings were explored.
Student’s Perception towards Subject Teachers: A Contributing Factors for School Attendance
Authors: Chauhan Daxesh S. , Mishra S.D.
Published: May 2017

This paper based on study of SMCs’ awareness about Right to Education Act 2009.As per 86th amendment of the Indian constitution Right to Education Act 2009 is considered inseparable parts of children’s right. In RTE act there are special provisions for appointment of qualified subject’s teachers, and about pupils’ teachers’ ratio of Primary school. For germination of small plants require sufficient air, water, sunlight & adequate fertilizer without its plant can’t germinate. In same way  children also want to germinate and developed themselves so  that they can admitted in primary school .Appointment of various subject teacher play a role of fertilizer in germination and development of children. In this study data were collected by means of a questionnaire on SMCs’ members of various primary schools of Anand district and analysed through SPSS using exploratory cum descriptive statistics. Present study found that participants (SMCs’) were neither satisfied nor unsatisfied with appointment of subject teachers and their teaching methods. Chi-square test and karl-pearson correlation helped to find out the relation between the variables. During statistics analysis researcher found very significant relationship between appointment of subject teachers, teachers completed curriculum within specific period, teachers’ motivation and child feel happy to go to schools. 
THE EFFECT OF RUMEN UNDEGRADABLE PROTEIN LEVEL OF CONCENTRATE WITH RICE STRAW AS BASAL DIET ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF SUMBA ONGOLE BEEF CATTLE
Authors: Fauzyah Ainin , Panjono Panjono , Agus Ali , Budisatria I Gede Suparta , Widyobroto Budi Prasetyo
Published: May 2017

This research was conducted to determine growth performance of SO beef catlle fed rice straw added with concentrate with different levels of RUP, RUP used was soybean meal protected with 0.8% formaldehyde. Thirty six SO bull were divided into two groups at random, group that fed low and high RUP. Feed in the form of rice straw and concentrate with a ratio of 30:70 in dry matter (DM). Cattle fed low RUP get concentrate containing DM 91.22%, crude protein (CP) 19.38%, RUP 33.05%, and TDN 51.71%, whereas cattle fed high RUP get a concentrate with DM 91.13%, CP 19.40%, RUP 41.13%, and TDN 51.57%. Water was given unlimited. The nutrient intake and growth performance parameters analyzed using independent sample t-test, average daily gain was analyzed by ANCOVA with initial body weight as covariates. Intake RDP and RUP had significant effect (P<0.05) between cattle fed low and high RUP. Nutrient intake (DM, CP, TDN) and growth performance (average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion, feed cost per gain) showed not significant between cattle fed low and high RUP. The conclusion were the increased of RUP levels could improved growth performance of SO beff cattle.
HOUSEHOLD DECISION ANALYSIS ON ANIMAL PROTEIN FOOD CONSUMPTION: EVIDENCE FROM D.I YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE
Authors: Muzayyanah Mujtahidah Anggriani Ummul , Nurtini Sudi , Widiati Rini , Syahlani Suci Paramitasari , Kusumastuti Tri Anggraeni
Published: May 2017

Food consumption pattern in Indonesia has change. Consumption of animal protein food is increasing as income increase. Animal protein foods are come from fish products and livestock products. The aim of this study is to analyze household decision on animal protein food consumption based on socioeconomics determinant of the households. Household expenditure data were used in this study. Discrete choice model is used to measure household decision in consuming these foods. Socioeconomics determinants are measured by Binary Logistic regression to know the influence of these to the household’s decision. Marginal effect value from binary logistic regression analysis showed that households tend to increase consuming animal protein food from livestock products varies from 0.5 to 6.09 times associated to socioeconomic factors of the households. Further research need to analyze nutritional status of the household’s members.
Design Engineering Instrumental Carotid Pulse System in Analytical Heart's Dynamic With Continuous Wavelet Transform Method
Authors: Suprayitno Eko Agus , Sulistyowati Indah , Anshory Izza , Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin
Published: May 2017

Klasifikasi sinyal Carotid Pulse sangat penting untuk mengetahui proses terjadinya tekanan darah dalam mengalirkan darah melewati katup-katup jantung menuju ruang-ruang jantung dan paru-paru serta mendukung analisa suara jantung yang ada untuk mendeteksi murmur, mengklasifikasikan suara jantung normal dan tidak normal, serta untuk menjelaskan dinamika jantung, oleh sebab itu pada penelitian ini dilakukan beberapa pekerjaan pendahuluan pada pembuatan instrumentasi pendeteksian sinyal tekanan darah (Carotid Pulse).Pada penelitian ini dihasilkan informas Low Pass Filter Analog Orde 4 dengan frekuensi cutoff 100 Hz penguatan -3 dB terjadi di area frekuensi 120 Hz. Hasil uji Notch Filter dihasilkan tegangan output terkecil di frekuensi 50 Hz dengan besar Vout (0.14 ± 0.00) volt dengan Quality factor (Q) sebesar 6.28. Analisa sinyal Carotid Pulse dengan DFT memberikan informasi bahwa pada tekanan darah, area frekuensinya di antara 1 Hz sampai 20 Hz. Sinyal Carotid Pulse untuk siklus pertama Frekuensi tertingginya (6.81 ± 0.41) Hz dan merupakan gelombang P yang menggambarkan kenaikan Carotid Pulse secara tiba-tiba dari pemompaan darah pada ventrikel kiri menuju aorta hinggga mencapai puncak. Analisa dengan menggunakan CWT menghasilkan data keterangan waktu yang menunjukkan waktu terjadinya frekuensi tertinggi sinyal Carotid Pulse. Penelitian ini selanjutnya akan dikembangkan pada Multimodal Cardiac Analysis untuk mendapatkan informasi anatomi dan fisiologi jantung yang lebih kompleks.
An Investigation of Different Language Choice through Personal Pronouns in the Twitter
Authors: Abdurahman Nur Hafiz
Published: May 2017

This study aimed to find evidence regarding the use of personal pronouns in the discourses produced by males and females. Personal pronouns were chosen as the object of analysis, as several studies has suggested them as one of the features that may distinguish the gender of the authors. This study analysed publically available corpus, Rovereto Twitter N-Gram Corpus (RTC), utilized by Herdagdelen (2013). It is gender-of-the-author tagged, which makes the author’s gender analysis easier. The corpus was analysed using AntConc (Anthony, 2014). From AntConc’s concordance analysis, it was found that women utilised more personal pronouns, especially the ones that can create closer bond. On the other hand, men have greater tendency to distant themselves using generic pronouns than women. In conclusion, men and women in this study may use personal pronouns differently. Keyword: Personal Pronoun, Twitter, AntConc
The Effect of Teaching Summarization Strategies on Reading Comprehension of Science and Humanities Iranian High school Students
Authors: Pourhosseini Maybodi Azam Sadat , Maibodi Ashraf Haji
Published: May 2017

This study investigated the effect of teaching summarization strategies on the reading comprehension of English as Foreign Language (EFL) high school students. To this end, 80 high-school students from science and humanities sections were divided to two groups of 40 each. Two reading comprehension tests were developed and administered as pre-test and post-test. The obtained data that was analyzed using SPSS software showed that EFL learners in both groups showed significantly more improvement in their reading comprehension from the pre-test to the post-test. However, the numerical findings obtained from the paired samples t-test showed that students in the science group outperformed those who were in the humanity group and their scores seemed to be more statistically significant. The major pedagogical implication of this study is that summarization strategy can help to improve the reading comprehension of EFL high school students in Iran.
Utilizing Video for Technology Integration Support in Indonesian EFL Classroom: Usages and Obstacles
Authors: Nova Muhamad
Published: May 2017

The use of video as a solution in supporting technology integration in EFL teaching and learning process in Indonesia still faces some obstacles in its utilization. Viewing from this issue, this study explored Indonesian EFL teacher’s perceptions on the usages and obstacles in utilizing video in teaching and learning process. Conducting a survey research by distributing questionnaires purposively to 30 EFL teachers, 22 females and 8 males, the results revealed that the Indonesian EFL teachers found that video is very beneficial in teaching and learning process, especially in delivering the learning material, building students’ background knowledge, bringing real-life language context, providing visual and audio input, and serving varieties of language expressions. It also gives positives impacts to students’ learning attitudes, including their interest, motivation, and learning styles. Even though it brings beneficiary effects, many Indonesian EFL teachers also mentioned five obstacles faced in using video in their classroom: limitation of facilities at school, lack of technical support at school, difficulties in finding suitable video, lack of skill in editing video, and less focus students on learning. Reflecting up from these results, it is suggested for EFL teachers to use video in improving the teaching and learning process in the classroom. It is also recommended for the EFL teachers to attend teacher professional development program to enrich their competence and skill in using video in teaching and learning process. Moreover, school principals’ are recommended to support the school facilities to promote technology integration at school.
Energy diffusion and the butterfly effect in inhomogeneous Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev chains
Authors: Gu Yingfei , Lucas Andrew , Qi Xiao-Liang
Published: May 2017

We compute the energy diffusion constant
DD,
Lyapunov time
\tau_{\textsc{l}}
and butterfly velocity
v_{\textsc{b}}
in an inhomogeneous chain of coupled Majorana Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK)
models in the large NN
and strong coupling limit. We find
D\le v_{\textsc{b}}^2 \tau_{\textsc{l}}
from a combination of analytical and numerical approaches. Our example
necessitates the sharpening of postulated transport bounds based on
quantum chaos.
Standardization of sustainability reporting: rationale for better investment decision-making
Authors: Mynhardt Henry , Makarenko Inna , Plastun Alex
Published: May 2017

The role of sustainability reporting in investment decision-making is not clear and obvious. Despite the steady increase of such statements in corporate annual reports, the relationship between the sustainability reporting and the financial performance of companies is not always positive. The main problems of sustainability reporting nowadays are insufficient comparability of reporting, accuracy (lack of materiality, reliability and validity of indicators), lack of common approaches for its verification.
Synthesis of standardization and regulation features of sustainability reporting, which is provided in this paper in different dimensions (countries, regulators standards), allows to identify long-term trends of this reporting to ensure its quality during investment decision-making in traditional and responsible financial markets.
PREVENTION OF MENINGOCOCCAL INFECTION
Authors: FRIDMAN I. V. , KHARIT S. M.
Published: May 2017

The article presents data on the relevance of meningococcal infection and the possibility of its prevention by vaccination. Spend a literary analysis of the efficacy and safety of vaccines against meningococcal disease. The results of the epidemiological effectiveness of vaccination at mass use of conjugated vaccines.
ROTAVIRUS INFECTION IN CHILDREN IN THE RF: DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT CHALLENGES TODAY
Authors: BECHTEREVA M. K. , KOMAROVA A. M. , USKOV A. N.
Published: May 2017

Acute infectious diarrhea in children is a global healthcare challenge [1]. In 2015, the incidence of acute intestinal infections (AII) in the Russian Federation amounted to 545.89 per 100 thousand people; that is almost exactly the same as in 2014. AII of unknown etiology account for 63.44% of cases. There are still significant differences in the effectiveness of the etiological diagnosis of AII in different areas of the Russian Federation. Along with a reduction in the incidence of separate nosologies, the incidence of campylobacteriosis increased by 30.3%, rotavirus by 14% and norovirus by 26.4% [2].
THE ROLE OF LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY IN THE STUDY OF SKIN MICROCIRCULATION IN DIFFUSE LIVER DISEASES
Authors: TITARENKO Y. B. , LEVITAN B. N. , SKVORTSOV V. V.
Published: May 2017

Among the most important links in the pathogenesis of diffuse liver diseases (DLD) are macro- and microhemodynamic disorders that can develop in the liver and in the systemic circulation [2, 3, 7, 12]. Chronic hepatitis (CH) and especially liver cirrhosis (LC) are accompanied by disorders of the portal and systemic circulation, development of portal hypertension which leads to the emergence of portosystemic collaterals and hyperdynamic circulation [2, 3, 7, 12]. The resulting rheological changes in the blood, disorders of systemic hemodynamics run in parallel with the microcirculatory (MC) pathology. [8, 9, 12] In this condition, the inflammatory and reparative processes, maintainance of the adequate level of biochemical reactions in the tissues, cellular functions and changes in blood coagulation system are determined by the microcirculation (MC) status [2, 3, 12].
EFFECTIVE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B IN THE CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE OF HEPATOLOGY
Authors: MYAZIN R. G.
Published: May 2017

Modern approaches to the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B are based on the use of vaccination of the population, on the one hand, and rational choice of antiviral therapy schemes in patients - on the other. This allows the physician to predict results of treatment and preventive measures. Modern analogues of nucleosides, in particular, Entecavir, has high efficacy, good tolerance and high safety profile when used in long term conditions.
HIV INTEGRASE INHIBITORS: THE BASIS OF EFFECTIVE AND SAFE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY
Authors: SHAKHGILDYAN V. I.
Published: May 2017

The article examines the efficacy and safety of HIV integrase inhibitors (raltegravir, dolutegravir) in antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens in various groups of HIV-infected patients: patients with high HIV RNA blood levels, patients with low CD4-lymphocytes blood count, pregnant women, patients with tuberculosis or chronic hepatitis C, and patients in later years and /or with high cardiovascular risk, neurocognitive disorders. Particular attention is paid to the minimal risk of developing delayed ART complications in using raltegravir in ART regimens and combining raltegravir and drugs of various classes.
SELECTION OF AN ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMEN BASED ON THE RESISTANCE DATA
Authors: YURIN O. G. , LADNAYA N. N. , SUVOROVA Z. K.
Published: May 2017

As part of the global strategy against HIV, UNAIDS formulated the 90-90--90 targets. The targets mean that 90% of people living with HIV and receiving treatment should have achieved viral suppression. One of the main obstacles to achieving the goal is HIV resistance to antiretroviral therapy. It occurs when the virus mutates and affinity of active ingredients of drugs for the corresponding viral proteins is reduced. Drugs differ by the genetic barrier. Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors lose their ability to inhibit the replication after a single mutation, and ritonavir- boosted protease inhibitors - after 5--8th mutation. The key factor for adequate viral suppression and reduction of risks is good adherence to treatment. Medication non-adherence creates a favorable environment in the body for the evolution of the virus. In the Russian Federation, the prevalence of primary resistance reaches 6.02%, and poor adherence equals 26%. The data and the results of examinations for mutations should be considered when selecting an antiretroviral regimen and approach to patient to improve adherence.
THE EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN GUIDELINES FOR TREATMENT OF HIV INFECTION
Authors: YURIN O. G. , EFREMOVA O. S.
Published: May 2017

The guidelines for treatment of patients with HIV infection developed in the United States (DHHS) and the European Union (EACS) are the most globally recognised. They are used in the development of many national guidelines, including those in Russia. The guidelines of the European Union and the United States are specific in that they are characterized by high scientific validity and target countries with high income per capita. In the process of the guidelines evolution, they tended to update the recommended drugs with more efficient, safe and easy to use medications; they expanded the list of indications for antiretroviral therapy to the extent that it was recommended to all HIV patients regardless of clinical manifestations and the level of CD4 cells. The article also analyzes the changes that the guidelines underwent over the past 6 years. There are recent versions of the guidelines.
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS INFECTION IN INFANTS
Authors: YEVDOKIMOV K. V. , ROVNIY V. B. , BABACHENKO I. V. , SHARIPOVA E. V.
Published: May 2017

The review focuses on respiratory syncytial virus infection (RSVI) and, based on the literature and authors' own observations, highlights epidemiological aspects and risk factors for RSVI (including severe forms of the infection), the specific clinical manifestations, challenges of laboratory diagnostics, and the benefits of various methods and their relevance in clinical practice. The available types of RSVI therapies are discussed based on meta-analyses of the data. The authors emphasize the importance of palivizumab in the specific passive prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children from risk groups.
PROGNOSTIC INDICES AND MARKERS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND CAD
Authors: IGNATOVA G. L. , ANTONOV V. N.
Published: May 2017

The article discusses the problem of COPD combined with CAD, determination of inflammatory markers and the prognostic BODE, DOSE and ADO indices. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of PCV13 immunization on clinical and functional manifestations of systemic inflammation in patients with COPD and CAD, as well as the relationship with the prognostic markers. Material and methods: The study included 36 male patients with COPD and 36 patients with COPD and CAD, FC II-III stable angina who were treated at Regional Clinical Hospital _4 in Chelyabinsk during the period 2015--2016. Conclusions: 1. Patients with COPD combined with CAD had statistically significant clinical and functional disorders manifested by an increase in the degree of dyspnea and reduction in FEV1. 2. In patients with COPD concomitant with CAD, against the background of the comorbidities, the levels of systemic inflammation markers — C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and procalcitonin — were more overt than in patients only with COPD. 3. Monitoring changes in procalcitonin levels could be used as an additional highly informative method for estimating the probability of the presence of bacterial inflammation and effectiveness of therapy. 4. The prognostic BODE, DOSE and ADO indices tend to decrease unidirectionally under the impact of vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. 5. PCV13 can reduce the level of systemic inflammation within 1 year after its application.
HISTORY OF THE STUDY OF HEMORRHAGIC FEVER ETIOLOGY WITH RENAL SYNDROME
Authors: TKACHENKO E. A. , ISHMUKHAMETOV A. A.
Published: May 2017

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute viral disease of zoonotic nature, characterized by systemic lesions of small vessels, hemorrhagic diathesis, hemodynamic disorders and a peculiar renal disease (interstitial nephritis with acute renal failure).
COMBINED VACCINES BUBO-M AND BUBO-COC IN THE NATIONAL VACCINATION SCHEDULE
Authors: FELDBLUM I. V. , SUBBOTINA K. A. , MARKOVICH N. I. , ISAEVA N. V. , SEMERIKOV V. V.
Published: May 2017

The article summarizes the results of randomized clinical and epidemiological field studies to assess the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the national combined vaccines against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and hepatitis B - Bubo-M and Bubo-Coc, and the experience of their use within the National Vaccination Schedule.
Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater mixing close to an oil field: an example from Asmari karstic aquifer, Khuzestan, Iran
Authors: Rouhi H. , Kalantari N.
Published: May 2017

Both carbonate (as the oil-gas reservoir) and evaporite rocks (as caprock) coexist in the Masjed Soleyman oil field. The Asmari karstic aquifer is formed within Oligo-Miocene carbonate rocks in the south of the oil reservoir. A mixing between fresh karstic groundwater and oil-field brines is to be expected because of underground migration of the brines toward the aquifer. This process can reduce the groundwater quality by both increasing the water salinity and by adding hydrocarbon and sulfur contaminants into the groundwater. Tembi river contains saline water that can affect groundwater resources. Leaking of these brines into the aquifer was distinguished using total dissolved solids, the relative concentration of major elements, bromide ion (as a trace element), total organic carbon, ion ratios, and mixing curve diagrams. The polluted zone was determined by tracking the hydrochemistry changes across the groundwater flow direction. The volume percentage of different water sources in mixed groundwater was calculated and validated using PHREEQC software. The results revealed that the contribution of the oil-field brine in the groundwater is much lower than the salty river brine, but even this low amount has a considerable impact on water quality by increasing water salinity and adding hydrocarbon and sulfur into the groundwater.
UMOWA KOMENDY W ŚREDNIOWIECZU
Authors: Wojciechowski Rafał
Published: May 2017

T h e C o m m e n d a C o n t r a c t in t h e M i d d l e A g e s Summary The author of this article deals with the commenda contract in the Middle Ages. First of all he characterized the most important features of the commenda contract in Italy, because in this country it appeared already in the 10th century. One kind of the commenda contract was one-sided. The contract of this kind consisted in an agreement, in accordance with which one party invested some capital and the other contributed his enterprise. The liability of the partner who invested capital was limited only to its amount. Differently from the modern continental Kommanditgesellschaft or société en accommandite, in the one-sided contract the active partner was not liable for possible losses. This feature of the contract was connected with the fact that commenda was made for a single trade expedition, in which the risk of loss concerned the invested capital only. In the mutual commenda the partner who put into commenda the enterprise made his own material contribution which enlarged his share in the profits.The commenda spread subsequently throughout Europe. This phenomenon was supported by the general development of the lex mercatoria i.e. common merchants law, whose basic provisions were widely accepted everywhere, from Iberian Peninsula to Scandinavia. The commenda contract was popular also outside Europe, especially in the vast Islamic areas. Commenda was called there mudaraba. Similarly to Christians in Europe, Muslems used precise and, to some extent, standardized collection of legal rules concerning trade, including different kinds of companies. Even local rulers in south-eastern Asia who converted to Islam promoted Islamic trade law including mudaraba.Because of the great popularity of the commenda contract in the Middle Ages, since the middle of 19th century discussions have been conducted on the origins of this contract. It is unquestionable that commenda was already well-known in Mesopotamic societies in the times of Hammurabi. However it is not clear how commenda entered the medieval European lex mercatoria. Various scholars connect the beginnings of medieval commenda with Jewish, Islamic or Byzantine law systems. The author of this article notices that at present the arguments for Arabic beginnings of the commenda contract prevail. It is not surprising, taking into consideration that many inventions and ideas were handed down to the medieval Europe just by the Arabs.
PRZEDAWNIENIE ROSZCZEŃ PO NOWELIZACJI KODEKSU CYWILNEGO Z 28 LIPCA 1990 ROKU
Authors: Pałdyna Tomasz
Published: May 2017

PRZEDAWNIENIE ROSZCZEŃ PO NOWELIZACJI KODEKSU CYWILNEGO Z 28 LIPCA 1990 ROKU
DIRITTO ROMANO PUBBLICO E PRIVATO: L’ESPERIENZA PLURISECOLARE DELLO SVILUPPO DEL DIRITTO EUROPEO - III Międzynarodowa Konferencja Romanistów w Jaroslawlu i Moskwie w dniach 25-30 czerwca 2003 roku
Authors: Zabłocki Jan
Published: May 2017

DIRITTO ROMANO PUBBLICO E PRIVATO: L’ESPERIENZA PLURISECOLARE DELLO SVILUPPO DEL DIRITTO EUROPEO - III Międzynarodowa Konferencja Romanistów w Jaroslawlu i Moskwie w dniach 25-30 czerwca 2003 roku
In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Different Plant Hormones on the Growth and Toxicity of Nigrospora Spp. on Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Authors: Abass Mohammed H.
Published: May 2017

Objective:

The profound negative impact of chemical fungicides on human and animal health, as well as, the whole agroecosystem encouraged tremendous efforts to find alternative approaches to suppress the growth of plant pathogens.

Method:

Recently, plant hormones have been considered to reduce fungal severity. Five different plant hormones namely 2, 4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid); BAP (6- Benzylaminopurine); Dicamba (3,6- Dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid, 3,6-Dichloro-o-anisic acid); IAA (Indole-2-acetic acid) and SA (Salicylic acid) were selected to examine their antifungal activity against the growth of two species of date palm fungal pathogenNigrosporaspp.

Results:

Results showed that SA at 50 ppm was sufficient to inhibit the mycelium growth ofN. oryzaecompletely, while withN. sphaerica; the treatments of 2, 4-D (40-50 ppm) and SA (40-50 ppm) led to similar complete inhibition results of mycelium growth. The data of BAP and IAA indicated no toxic effect toward mycelium growth of the pathogens. Similar trends of results have been obtained for phytotoxicity bioassay which performed on detached date palm leaves, 2, 4-D and SA at 30 ppm led to a complete inhibition for the production of toxins in the culture ofN. oryzaeandN. sphaerica.

Conclusion:

58% significant reduction in toxin production was obtained with Dicamba 30 ppm. Results presented here reveal the antifungal activity of different plant hormones inin vitroexperiments, and are important to examine their efficiency in farther field studies on date palm.
El papel del derecho de propiedad privada en el ámbito espacial. Tres estudios de caso
Authors: Becerra Jairo , Rodríguez Julián
Published: May 2017

Se demuestra, con tres estudios de caso, cómo el derecho de propiedad privada interviene con las actividades espaciales y cómo se presenta en esta área, con independencia del artículo 2º del Tratado sobre los Principios Espaciales (OST, Outer Space Treaty) que consagra la prohibición de reivindicación del espacio exterior. También se analizan el sector en que funcionan los agentes sociales, las clases de bienes, los derechos y la normatividad al respecto, con el ánimo de clarificar el papel del derecho de propiedad en el ámbito espacial. El primer caso es la televisión satelital; el segundo, los derechos de propiedad intelectual en la Estación Espacial Internacional (ISS, International Space Station); y el tercero, lo constituye la extracción de materiales extraterrestres en la Luna y Marte. Se pretende, así, mostrar la diferencia entre los derechos reales y los derechos personales en el ambiente espacial, desde una perspectiva crítica, a propósito del concepto de dominium plenum y de los elementos tradicionales del derecho de propiedad, tales como el ius utendi o el ius fruendi, analizando a su vez aspectos tales como la transformación de recursos naturales espaciales en bienes que pueden ser sujetos de apropiación.
Un intento de reconstrucción de la contabilidad del chamán Makuna que habita en las selvas del Vaupés en la Amazonia colombiana
Authors: Fuentes Quintero Jenny Alexandra , Peña Arenas Flor Ángela
Published: May 2017

A partir del libro Etnografía Makuna (Århem, Cayón, Angulo & García,  2004), entre otras investigaciones pertinentes sobre etnografía amazónica, este trabajo explora las principales teorías y cuestiones relativas a la reconstrucción del carácter multidimensional de la medición contable en los Makuna o (la Gente de Agua), desde una perspectiva comparada entre Occidente y los saberes ancestrales  y tradicionales de este grupo étnico tukano que vive en las selvas del Vaupés colombiano.
La reforma militar rusa de 2008: ¿una respuesta adecuada a las amenazas y retos del siglo veintiuno?
Authors: Fernandez Osorio Andres Eduardo
Published: May 2017

Mediante la aplicación de una metodología de las ciencias militares llamada DOTMLPF (por sus siglas en inglés), este artículo examina la reforma militar rusa de 2008 para determinar si preparará a Rusia para afrontar amenazas y desafíos contemporáneos. Al analizar la literatura existente con los resultados del análisis DOTMLPF y los principios de pensamiento militar moderno, este artículo ofrece conclusiones sobre la eficacia de la reforma. De igual forma, provee una nueva perspectiva cuando se analizan reformas militares y enfatiza la relevancia de Rusia y su capacidad militar para el balance de poder global.
Función social del arte. Aporte de la obra de la artista Doris Salcedo al proceso de justicia transicional en Colombia
Authors: Aponte Isaza María Cecilia
Published: May 2017

El artículo presenta resultados de una investigación orientada a demostrar cómo el arte y, en este caso en particular, la obra de la artista colombiana Doris Salcedo, puede constituirse en un mecanismo de apoyo fundamental para el proceso de justicia transicional que vive actualmente Colombia. A través de la investigación, se destaca la labor social que cumple el arte y cómo este se convierte en un medio adecuado, capaz de dar voz a las víctimas del conflicto. Se trata de un estudio de caso que analiza en profundidad la obra de la artista colombiana Doris Salcedo, con el propósito de identificar su aporte en la preservación de memoria histórica y la reparación simbólica y moral de las víctimas del conflicto armado interno en Colombia.
Paediatric Wards: Healing environment assessment
Authors: Ghazali Roslinda , Abbas Mohamed Yusoff
Published: May 2017

Malaysian paediatric wards were assessed on their quality status and design trends towards the creation of a healing environment. The objective was to promote best practices in design. Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) studies were conducted in paediatric wards in eight hospitals in the Klang Valley. The methodology adopted was the use of the UK's NHS AEDET and ASPECT Evaluation toolkits, which evaluated the physical qualities and staffs & patients satisfaction levels respectively of 215 nurses and 217 patients. Results seemed to show the disparity between the positivity of the physical design in relation to users' satisfaction. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Incidencia de virosis en ñame (dioscorea spp.) en cinco municipios del departamento de sucre, colombia
Authors: Payares Iris , Beltrán Javier , Millán Euriel
Published: May 2017

En Colombia, el ñame (Dioscorea spp.) se cultiva en la región Caribe, siendo Dioscorea alata L. y Dioscorea rotundata Poir. las especies más cultivadas. Uno de los factores limitantes en estos cultivos son las enfermedades causadas por virus, principalmente por Potyvirus que ocasionan disminución en la producción de los tubérculos y pérdidas económicas significativas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la incidencia de virosis en ñame en el departamento de Sucre. Se realizaron visitas a cultivos de Dioscorea alata y Dioscorea rotundata en cinco municipios del departamento y se midió la sintomatología foliar. Se tomaron muestras de hojas y se realizó diagnóstico para Potyvirus mediante la técnica ELISA-DAS indirecta. Además, se inocularon plantas indicadoras con extractos preparados a partir de plantas con síntomas virales y positivas para Potyvirus. Todos los cultivos visitados mostraron síntomas asociados a los Potyvirus del ñame, tales como bandeo, moteado, clorosis y deformación foliar. Los municipios con mayor incidencia sintomática fueron Sampués (82,5%), Sincelejo (79,5%) y San Juan de Betulia (71,6%). Se detectó Potyvirus en plantas sintomáticas y las plantas indicadoras desarrollaron síntomas similares a los encontrados en campo. Los cultivos de ñame del departamento de Sucre presentan alta incidencia de Potyvirus lo que sería causa de pérdidas económicas a los productores.
Estudio de la capacidad de retención de boro disponible en suelos mediante membranas funcionales con cadenas de polioles
Authors: Vera Myleidi , Combatt Caballero Enrique , Palencia Manuel
Published: May 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la capacidad de retención de boro disponible por parte de membranas funcionales basadas en N-metil-D-glucamina a partir de extractos acuosos de muestras de suelos, empleando el método del agua caliente. Para ello, membranas con capacidad de retención de boro fueron fabricadas mediante redes poliméricas interpenetrantes y evaluadas frente a diferentes ambientes químicos (soluciones de ácido bórico con diferentes valores de pH: 5,0, 7,0 y 9,0 y extractos acuosos obtenidos por el método del agua caliente de tres suelos con diferente acidez). Se concluyó que la capacidad de retención de estas membranas es función del contenido de grupos -OH incorporados y se ve afectada fuertemente por el pH, la presencia de Al^(3+) y en menor grado por la presencia de especies iónicas. Los resultados sugieren que estos materiales pueden ser empleados potencialmente para la correlación de los contenidos de boro, de un determinado cultivos en condiciones ideales de campo, con la respuesta analítica medida a nivel de laboratorio.
Causes of Drought Vulnerability and Indigenous Drought Early Warning Methods among the Turkana Nomadic Pastoralists of Ilemi Triangle Region of Northern Kenya
Authors: Mutu Paul Lopodo
Published: May 2017

Drought has remained a major disaster that has contributed to a higher vulnerability among the mobile pastoral population because of its slow onset and accumulative impact over period. Centre for Research on Epidemiology of Diseases (CRED) has quantitatively provided that Kenya has experienced about 19 droughts from 1989 to 2010. These drought scenarios are mainly in arid and semi-arid areas where Turkana belongs but the Turkana nomadic pastoral population has been surviving in such harsh environment where humanitarian assistance is barely absent. Therefore, the researcher in the objective prompts to ask, and find out what mainly causes their vulnerability to drought in such isolated and tough environment and what early warning methods are utilised in Ilemi triangle region. The studies available for this region have concentrated mainly to specific areas of Turkana without touching Ilemi triangle belt in Northern Turkana areas that is more prone to droughts. The study utilises multiple research design and a multistage random, purposive and quota sampling methods. The qualitative and quantitative data were analysed and the findings indicated that low rainfall, recurrent drought and extreme weather conditions are the main cause of vulnerability to drought and it recommended for a comprehensive framework for drought management in Ilemi triangle, preparing population for eventual drought and development of adequate water resources and Government must not only recognise, strengthen, and incorporate the importance the pastoralist’s indigenous early warning processes in order to have capacity to predict drought but also ensure the pastoralists are involved in their own drought management plans.
Older People Driving a High-Tech Automobile: Emergent Driving Routines and New Relationships with Driving
Authors: Gish Jessica A. , Grenier Amanda , Vrkljan Brenda , Miltenburg Benita Van
Published: May 2017

Advanced vehicle technologies (AVTs) (e.g., lane departure warning, blind spot monitoring) are sophisticated computer and electronically mediated communications that provide information to users, and, at times, assume control over parts of the driving task (e.g., automated braking). This article examines how AVTs are refashioning older people’s embodied relationships with driving, including driving routines, skills, sensuous dispositions, and modes of control that are considered integral to driving. Results from interviews with 35 older drivers driving a high-tech car call attention to the opportunities and challenges that entanglements with AVTs can present for aging drivers.