bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Saga da Física: Um RPG (Role-Playing Game) para o ensino e aprendizagem de História da Física
Authors: Santos Renato P. dos , Dal-Farra Rossano André
Published: June 2022

Neste trabalho, pretendeu-se investigar a eficacia da utilizacao do RPG A Saga da Fisica como estrategia didatica dentro da disciplina de Historia e Epistemologia da Fisica, do curso de Licenciatura em Fisica de uma universidade privada do sul do Brasil, em 2012. Pretendia-se que os estudantes imergissem profundamente nas camadas de realidade do RPG e relacionassem suas motivacoes internas com as motivações dos personagens historicos, de forma que vivenciassem os motivos das descobertas cientificas, cada uma a seu tempo, propiciando aos estudantes problematizar o seu olhar em relacao a Historia da Ciencia. Ao final da sequencia de episodios, um questionario, contendo questoes fechadas e abertas, sobre suas impressoes foi aplicado aos 15 alunos matriculados. A analise das respostas sugere que os objetivos acima foram atingidos, ainda que parcialmente.
Indicativos de números irracionais nas Antigas Civilizações: Egito, Babilônia e Grécia
Authors: Rezende Veridiana , Nogueira Clélia Maria Ignatius
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar parte de uma pesquisa, que se encontra em fase de desenvolvimento, sobre os números irracionais no ensino da Matemática. O presente texto refere-se aos aspectos históricos e epistemológicos dos números irracionais, focalizados, principalmente, nas matemáticas egípcia, babilônia e grega. Os resultados deste estudo apontam indícios de números irracionais nas civilizações egípcia e babilônia, contudo foram os gregos que aceitaram e difundiram estes números. No entanto, é importante salientar que uma teoria matemática consistente sobre os números irracionais foi elaborada somente em 1872 pelo matemático Richard Dedekind.
A linguagem como forma de inter-ação: uma perspectiva dialógica da aprendizagem
Authors: Gabassa Vanessa , Braga Fabiana Marini , Rodrigues Eglen Sílvia Pipi
Published: June 2022

O artigo que ora apresentamos traz como tema central o conceito de aprendizagem dialógica, que compreende a linguagem como elemento fundamental para o entendimento entre os sujeitos e sua consequente ação no mundo. Com base em três pesquisas de doutorado (2004 -2010), procuramos evidenciar limites e possibilidades dessa perspectiva em escolas espanholas e brasileiras. A partir da Metodologia Comunicativa, os dados foram coletados por meio de observações, relatos e grupos de discussão, considerando-se uma análise intersubjetiva dos dados. Os resultados revelam entusiasmo de professores, estudantes e comunidade com a perspectiva dialógica, mas também apontam necessidade de articulação e formação constantes diante de tal proposta.
O psiquismo humano e a teoria dos Modelos Organizadores do Pensamento
Authors: Arantes Valéria Amorim
Published: June 2022

Neste artigo apresentamos uma reflexão sobre a complexidade do psiquismo humano, tendo como referência teórico-metodológica a Teoria dos Modelos Organizadores do Pensamento. O ponto de partida são argumentos contrários `a dicotomia entre cognição e afetividade, postulada desde a Grécia Antiga, que se baseia no princípio de que a razão e as emoções são aspectos diferentes e independentes no raciocínio humano. Ao longo do texto, apoiando-nos em abordagens teóricas baseadas na complexidade, apontamos caminhos para superar essa dicotomia, integrando dialeticamente cognição e afetividade, no mesmo sistema psíquico. Como discussão final, apresentamos uma perspectiva em que pensar, sentir e agir são um continuum no psiquismo humano.
O ensino de gêneros textuais: uma possibilidade de letramento
Authors: Santos Nathielly Daiany Oliveira , Santos Isabel Cristina
Published: June 2022

O ensino de gêneros textuais: uma possibilidade de letramento.
Como ler Foucault
Authors: Baller Leandro
Published: June 2022

OKSALA, Johanna. Como ler Foucault. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 2011, 141p.
O ensino de História e o emprego das fontes como recursos de mediação no processo ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Rodrigues Isabel Cristina , Sano Alisson , Bertagna Camila
Published: June 2022

Trazemos para reflexão um tema presente há muitas décadas, mas recorrente e atual: a crise conceitual, teórica, metodológica e pedagógica vivenciada por aqueles que ensinam História e por aqueles que ensinam a ensiná-la. Impulsionados pelo desejo de contribuir com o refinamento das análises que buscam equacionar tal crise, apresentamos o artigo em três partes: 1) História do ensino de História: o lugar da história ensinada; 2) Crises no ensino de história: a necessidade de novos paradigmas; 3) A fonte histórica e o seu uso em sala de aula. Em meio a essa problemática, refletimos sobre possibilidade de mudanças no ensino de História e propomos uma reflexão sobre o uso de fontes históricas como documentos e como recurso didático-pedagógico.
Estudios sobre la cotidianidad y imaginario social Nelson Vergara Muñoz
Authors: Bastos Luciana Aparecida , Bovo Marcos Clair
Published: June 2022

Nelson Vergara Muñoz es graduado en Filosofía, Magistrado en Teoría del Conocimiento, docente e investigador del Centro de Estudios Regionales de la Universidad de Los Lagos – Chile. Actúa en las líneas de investigación en epistemología y hermenéutica aplicadas al estudio de patrimonios, territorios y sustentabilidad. Realiza pesquisas sobre cotidianidades e imaginarios sociales estableciendo inter relaciones y conexiones esenciales de la vida sociocultural.
Discussões feministas no século XIX
Authors: Osta Maria Laura
Published: June 2022

No século XIX no Brasil duas vezes foram discutidos os direitos políticos das mulhers pelos deputados. Analisando suas falas a partir de uma história da leitura, trabalharemos com os conceitos apropriados pelos deputados. No ano 1821 se defenderam pela primeira vez na América Latina os direitos políticos das mulheres. As ideias que a ilustração criou sobre as mulheres impregnaram as falas dos deputados. O binômio moral-mulheres apareceu várias vezes como inseparável e defendido como um dos principais argumentos para outorgar o voto às mulheres. Analisaremos de onde provêm esses conceitos tão fortemente defendidos pelos parlamentares.
Participação na gestão da escola pública: divergências e incompatibilidades de interesses
Authors: Ruiz Maria José Ferreira
Published: June 2022

O objetivo do texto é identificar as divergências de interesses que permeiam a participação da comunidade nas escolas públicas. Utiliza como procedimentos, a pesquisa bibliográfica, a pesquisa documental no Caderno do Ministério de Administração e Reforma do Estado (1997) e nas atas dos conselhos escolares e da Associação de Pais, Mestre e Funcionários de duas escolas estaduais paranaenses. Apresenta dados coletados por meio de entrevistas com dois diretores escolares e três lideranças comunitárias. Há evidências que concomitantemente ao processo gerencial de modernização da administração pública, desenrolam-se também aspectos da gestão democrática.
“Pequenas sociedades de pensamento”: a revista Estudios Americanos e os grupos intelectuais da hispanidade, anos 1950
Authors: Gonçalves Marcos
Published: June 2022

Desde sua instauração em 1939, o regime franquista destacou-se pelo incentivo à proliferação de revistas de cultura, sobretudo, interessadas em reforçar ou reconstituir os laços políticos e ideológicos com a Iberomérica. Neste artigo, discuto parte do papel que coube à revista Estudios Americanos de Sevilla, fundada em 1948. Assinalo que tal publicação configurou-se como um produto que aglutinou sociabilidades intelectuais favoráveis ao imaginário franquista, pelo qual, a ideologia da hispanidade foi um conceito central e apresentou-se como mito unificador dos povos hispânicos a partir de uma abordagem revisionista da história.
Alteridade: caminhos de uma ética complexa no mundo atual
Authors: Marques Luciana Pacheco , Jesus Alan Willian de
Published: June 2022

Neste texto, pretendemos tratar da questão da alteridade à luz/sombra do pensamento de Edgar Morin. Temos a intenção de registrar uma possível representação complexa da alteridade. Não rumamos a um destino fraterno sem o caminhar com o Outro. Somos partes qualitativas do todo em que vivemos, mas essas qualidades das partes somente se tornam reais quando estão se inter-relacionando com o todo. Cremos, sobretudo, a partir da formulação da religação do ser, na necessidade de darmos um salto na fé, centrado na humana condição, através da alteridade, sustentada por uma ética complexa no/com o mundo atual. Uma “outra” ontologia é anunciada por Edgar Morin, onde a experiência humana é retomada num mundo de prosa e poesia, do real e imaginário, do espírito e da matéria que dialogam com uma ciência mais humilde, uma ciência com consciência, onde a compreensão do outro requer a consciência da complexidade humana.
Cultura tecno-objetal e o novo espírito da humanidade
Authors: Rocca Fabio La
Published: June 2022

Conforme uma ótica climatológica, os objetos se configuram como catalisadores de um espírito e de um estilo que caracterizam a existência cotidiana. Entre o novo e o antigo, a nova religiosidade dos objetos tecno-nômades é o signo de uma mudança de paradigma e a afirmação do ser humano pós-moderno que particulariza seu corpo por meio de extensões tecnológicas. Eis aqui, portanto, uma nova ontologia tecno objetal.
Espectáculo barroco e imaginarios: performances posmodernos del cotidiano
Authors: Martínez Daniel Gutiérrez-
Published: June 2022

En América latina existen en el cotidiano diferentes formas de hablar, de comer, de vestir, de interrelacionarse que tienen como característica principal ser muy rebuscadas, complicadas, siniestras, a veces parecen falsas o de $cción. Será partir de la noción de sensibilidades y narrativas barrocas que daremos cuenta de que manera las practicas cotidianas de los latinoamericanos responden a estrategias de rebeldía, de esquive, de proxemia, de acercamiento al otro y a la comunalidad donde se favorece el estar-juntos antropológico caro a Gilrbert Durad, pero también el aspecto emocional de la racionalidad humana. Se usará la noción de espectaculum y mimesis, la ritualización, la proxemia, la comunalidad para resaltar estos fenómenos.
Contemporaneidade, pesquisa social e imaginário
Authors: Carvalho Mario de Faria , Cardoso Fernando da Silva
Published: June 2022

A complexidade dos fenômenos contemporâneos tem requerido abordagens não redutoras como alternativas ao conhecimento da realidade social. É nesse sentido que o presente artigo discute as interfaces entre contemporaneidade, Pesquisa Social e Imaginário. Objetiva-se apresentar aportes teórico-metodológicos à construção do conhecimento na contemporaneidade a partir da Teoria do Imaginário de Gilbert Durand. As premissas formuladas nesse estudo apontam que a Teoria do Imaginário, aliada à Pesquisa Social, possibilita a formulação de um saber fundado na convergência dos símbolos, na harmonização de contrários, num eterno devir.
A (des) construção da escola à luz da sociedade do consumo e do espetáculo
Authors: Santos Adriana Regina de Jesus , Oliveira Marta Regina Furlan de
Published: June 2022

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar e refletir as dimensões que caracterizam a construção e (des) construção da escola à luz da sociedade do espetáculo, tecendo um olhar crítico e comprometido em torno dos saberes e práticas pedagógicas dos profissionais da educação. O estudo pauta-se em autores da teoria crítica tais como: Baumam (1998), Adorno (2003), que discutem a escola enquanto espaço e tempo do conhecimento sistematizado. Os resultados dessa reflexão nos permite pensar na escola enquanto espaço e tempo do conhecimento e da emancipação humana. É pelo processo da apropriação teórica e prática articulado com o processo da reflexão que podemos evidenciar o cotidiano escolar que tem sido ameaçado e os que têm sido potencializados em favor da aprendizagem emancipada e humanizadora dos sujeitos.
Modelagem matemática na educação básica: dificuldades apresentadas pelos professores recém-egressos formados em modelagem na perspectiva da educação Matemática
Authors: Ceolim Amauri Jersi , Caldeira Ademir Donizeti
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e analisar algumas dificuldades de professores recém-egressos de cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática de instituições de ensino superior públicas do Estado do Paraná que cursaram a disciplina de Modelagem Matemática, na perspectiva da Educação Matemática, na graduação. A opção metodológica foi pela Análise Textual Discursiva. A coleta das informações foi realizada por meio de questionário e as análises mostraram pelo menos quatro categorias: a insegurança dos professores em utilizar a Modelagem em suas salas de aula; a formação insuficiente da própria Modelagem; a postura tradicional e conservadora do sistema escolar; e a dificuldade de promover o envolvimento dos alunos num ambiente de Modelagem.
Dossiê: O espaço urbano: da pequena cidade à metrópole
Authors: Endlich Angela Maria , Bovo Marcos Clair
Published: June 2022

Apresentação
Calidad de vida y desigualdad en el municipio de Santa Fe (Argentina): un análisis desde dimensiones socioeconómicas y ambientales
Authors: Gómez Néstor Javier
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se miden y analizan los niveles y la configuración espacial de la calidad de vida en el municipio de Santa Fe (Argentina) teniendo en cuenta 16 indicadores referidos a aspectos de la población, las viviendas y el hábitat, agrupados en dos dimensiones: “socioeconómica” y “ambiental”. Son utilizadas fuentes de información primarias y secundarias. Santa Fe expresa notorios contrastes en términos de calidad de vida y una estructura urbana definida entre centro y periferia. Pero al mismo tiempo existen notorias mixturas, dado que si bien las “dimensiones” consideradas poseen modelos de distribución similares, se ha detectado que su grado de influencia no siempre es el mismo.
Da imobilidade à mobilidade urbana: o papel dos veículos no planejamento das cidades
Authors: Filho Marcos Ferreira de Oliveira , Vilani Rodrigo Machado
Published: June 2022

Dentre as diversas funções urbanas, a mobilidade é crucial para a dinâmica nas cidades, pois permeia e conecta os outros serviços essenciais. Contudo, o planejamento urbano convencional promove o uso do transporte motorizado individual, desperdiçando tempo e recursos, criando cidades insustentáveis. O objetivo desse artigo é analisar a dependência sistêmica dos automóveis e avaliar a importância dos transportes não motorizados na reversão desse status. Optou-se por uma metodologia qualitativa, baseada em pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e estatísticas oficiais. Evidenciou-se um descompasso entre o discurso oficial do planejamento urbano sustentável e políticas que favoreceram veículos individuais motorizados.
A atividade ervateira e a construção da identidade regional na literatura de Hernâni Donato e Hélio Serejo
Authors: Baller Leandro , Picolo Luiz Fernando
Published: June 2022

O objetivo é analisar a construção discursiva da formação da identidade do Mato Grosso do Sul a partir da atividade ervateira nas primeiras décadas do século XX. O tema é tratado a partir da análise das obras “Selva Trágica” de Hernâni Donato (1959), e “De Galpão em Galpão” de Hélio Serejo (1962). Busca-se entender a construção discursiva no interior das obras que contribui para a formação da identidade regional sul do Mato Grosso nas primeiras décadas do século XX, atentando ao ciclo dos trabalhadores dos ervais, compreendendo como os grupos que se julgam semelhantes, e, diferentes de outros, se unem, e formam uma cultura.
Jogos e resolução de problemas na formação continuada e em aulas de matemática do 1º ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Oliveira Sandra Alves de , Almeida Júlia Caroline de Araújo , Colus Vanessa Aparecida , Passos Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
Published: June 2022

Este texto apresenta e discute saberes e aprendizagens presentes no processo de formação continuada com um grupo de 16 professores dos anos iniciais, participantes da Atividade Curricular de Integração Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão (ACIEPE) durante o primeiro semestre de 2011, ao estudarem e utilizarem jogos e a metodologia da resolução de problemas nas aulas de matemática. Os professores participantes e seus estudantes tiveram oportunidade de vivenciar em grupos os momentos de jogos e da resolução de problemas, e de refletir sobre a aplicação dessa prática pedagógica nas aulas de matemática dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O estudo concluiu que é necessário oferecer, ao professor que ensina matemática, oportunidade de participar de projetos de formação matemática que contribuam com a sua formação e prática pedagógica.
Paisagem e fronteira nas questões territoriais entre Argentina e Brasil (1860-1914)
Authors: Karpinski Cezar , Matiauda Daniela Ivanna Galli
Published: June 2022

Neste artigo temos por objetivo aprofundar as discussões sobre os conflitos pelo domínio da paisagem Cataratas do Iguaçu no final do Século XIX. Com o auxílio de fontes primárias, coletadas principalmente na Argentina, e bibliografia especializada, iniciamos uma discussão sobre as interconexões entre fronteira e paisagem e como estas categorias auxiliam a compreensão das definições territoriais na região estudada. Nos documentos analisados, principalmente os relatos de viajantes, o laudo arbitral e outras publicações da época, foi possível perceber múltiplos e distintos interesses permeando as relações internacionais entre Brasil e Argentina na resolução de uma contenta herdada de Portugal e Espanha. Nosso principal objetivo é demonstrar como o litígio da chamada “Questão de Palmas” e seus desdobramentos influenciaram as ações que definiram o limite numa das paisagens de fronteira mais famosas do mundo, as Cataratas do Iguaçu.
Em rede e à margem: ecologia, comunicação e sexualidade
Authors: Silva Ana Cristina Teodoro
Published: June 2022

O texto é fundamentado em discussões contemporâneas a respeito de três objetos: sexualidade, comunicação social e cultural, ecologia. Cada um desses três objetos foi constituído tradicionalmente dentro de binarismos que contrapõem masculino e feminino, emissor e receptor, homem e natureza. O objetivo é mostrar que é possível romper com os binarismos normativos, constituindo um campo convergente de pensamento. A partir da exegese de textos fundamentais de cada área, exercitando o pensamento analógico e o método da complexidade, identifica-se uma tendência: considerar a integração de polos normalmente opostos e admite-se atuar com paradoxos, como por exemplo estar ao mesmo tempo em rede e à margem. Entende-se que indicar essa tendência movimenta possibilidades para o conhecimento, para a Educação e para a política.
Genomic Characterization of Lactobacillus delbrueckii Strains with Probiotics Properties
Authors: De Jesus Luís Cláudio Lima , Aburjaile Flávia Figueira , Sousa Thiago De Jesus , Felice Andrei Giacchetto , Soares Siomar De Castro , Alcantara Luiz Carlos Junior , Azevedo Vasco Ariston De Carvalho
Published: June 2022

Probiotics are health-beneficial microorganisms with mainly immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Lactobacillus delbrueckii species is a common bacteria used in the dairy industry, and their benefits to hosting health have been reported. This study analyzed the core genome of nine strains of L. delbrueckii species with documented probiotic properties, focusing on genes related to their host health benefits. For this, a combined methodology including several software and databases (BPGA, SPAAN, BAGEL4, BioCyc, KEEG, and InterSPPI) was used to predict the most important characteristics related to L. delbrueckii strains probiose. Comparative genomics analyses revealed that L. delbrueckii probiotic strains shared essential genes related to acid and bile stress response and antimicrobial activity. Other standard features shared by these strains are surface layer proteins and extracellular proteins-encoding genes, with high adhesion profiles that interacted with human proteins of the inflammatory signaling pathways (TLR2/4-MAPK, TLR2/4-NF-κB, and NOD-like receptors). Among these, the PrtB serine protease appears to be a strong candidate responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties reported for these strains. Furthermore, genes with high proteolytic and metabolic activity able to produce beneficial metabolites, such as acetate, bioactive peptides, and B-complex vitamins were also identified. These findings suggest that these proteins can be essential in biological mechanisms related to probiotics’ beneficial effects of these strains in the host.
Stage Specific Transcriptomic Analysis and Database for Zebrafish Oogenesis
Authors: Bogoch Yoel , Jamieson-Lucy Allison , Vejnar Charles E. , Levy Karine , Giraldez Antonio J. , Mullins Mary C. , Elkouby Yaniv M.
Published: June 2022

Oogenesis produces functional eggs and is essential for fertility, embryonic development, and reproduction. The zebrafish ovary is an excellent model to study oogenesis in vertebrates, and recent studies have identified multiple regulators in oocyte development through forward genetic screens, as well as reverse genetics by CRISPR mutagenesis. However, many developmental steps in oogenesis, in zebrafish and other species, remain poorly understood, and their underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we take a genomic approach to systematically uncover biological activities throughout oogenesis. We performed transcriptomic analysis on five stages of oogenesis, from the onset of oocyte differentiation through Stage III, which precedes oocyte maturation. These transcriptomes revealed thousands of differentially expressed genes across stages of oogenesis. We analyzed trends of gene expression dynamics along oogenesis, as well as their expression in pair-wise comparisons between stages. We determined their functionally enriched terms, identifying uniquely characteristic biological activities in each stage. These data identified two prominent developmental phases in oocyte differentiation and traced the accumulation of maternally deposited embryonic regulator transcripts in the developing oocyte. Our analysis provides the first molecular description for oogenesis in zebrafish, which we deposit online as a resource for the community. Further, the presence of multiple gene paralogs in zebrafish, and the exclusive curation by many bioinformatic tools of the single paralogs present in humans, challenge zebrafish genomic analyses. We offer an approach for converting zebrafish gene name nomenclature to the human nomenclature for supporting genomic analyses generally in zebrafish. Altogether, our work provides a valuable resource as a first step to uncover oogenesis mechanisms and candidate regulators and track accumulating transcripts of maternal regulators of embryonic development.
HLH-1 Modulates Muscle Proteostasis During Caenorhabditis elegans Larval Development
Authors: Nisaa Khairun , Ben-Zvi Anat
Published: June 2022

Muscle proteostasis is shaped by the myogenic transcription factor MyoD which regulates the expression of chaperones during muscle differentiation. Whether MyoD can also modulate chaperone expression in terminally differentiated muscle cells remains open. Here we utilized a temperature-sensitive (ts) conditional knockdown nonsense mutation in MyoD ortholog in C. elegans, HLH-1, to ask whether MyoD plays a role in maintaining muscle proteostasis post myogenesis. We showed that hlh-1 is expressed during larval development and that hlh-1 knockdown at the first, second, or third larval stages resulted in severe defects in motility and muscle organization. Motility defects and myofilament organization were rescued when the clearance of hlh-1(ts) mRNA was inhibited, and hlh-1 mRNA levels were restored. Moreover, hlh-1 knockdown modulated the expression of chaperones with putative HLH-1 binding sites in their promoters, supporting HLH-1 role in muscle maintenance during larval development. Finally, mild disruption of hlh-1 expression during development resulted in earlier dysregulation of muscle maintenance and function during adulthood. We propose that the differentiation transcription factor, HLH-1, contributes to muscle maintenance and regulates cell-specific chaperone expression post differentiation. HLH-1 may thus impact muscle proteostasis and potentially the onset and manifestation of sarcopenia.
Host SUMOylation Pathway Negatively Regulates Protective Immune Responses and Promotes Leishmania donovani Survival
Authors: Singhal Jhalak , Madan Evanka , Chaurasiya Ayushi , Srivastava Pallavi , Singh Niharika , Kaushik Shikha , Kahlon Amandeep Kaur , Maurya Mukesh Kumar , Marothia Manisha , Joshi Prerna , Ranganathan Anand , Singh Shailja
Published: June 2022

SUMOylation is one of the post-translational modifications that have recently been described as a key regulator of various cellular, nuclear, metabolic, and immunological processes. The process of SUMOylation involves the modification of one or more lysine residues of target proteins by conjugation of a ubiquitin-like, small polypeptide known as SUMO for their degradation, stability, transcriptional regulation, cellular localization, and transport. Herein, for the first time, we report the involvement of the host SUMOylation pathway in the process of infection of Leishmania donovani, a causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis. Our data revealed that infection of L. donovani to the host macrophages leads to upregulation of SUMOylation pathway genes and downregulation of a deSUMOylating gene, SENP1. Further, to confirm the effect of the host SUMOylation on the growth of Leishmania, the genes associated with the SUMOylation pathway were silenced and parasite load was analyzed. The knockdown of the SUMOylation pathway led to a reduction in parasitic load, suggesting the role of the host SUMOylation pathway in the disease progression and parasite survival. Owing to the effect of the SUMOylation pathway in autophagy, we further investigated the status of host autophagy to gain mechanistic insights into how SUMOylation mediates the regulation of growth of L. donovani. Knockdown of genes of host SUMOylation pathway led to the reduction of the expression levels of host autophagy markers while promoting autophagosome–lysosome fusion, suggesting SUMOylation-mediated autophagy in terms of autophagy initiation and autophagy maturation during parasite survival. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, nitric oxide (NO) production, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were also elevated upon the knockdown of genes of the host SUMOylation pathway during L. donovani infection. This indicates the involvement of the SUMOylation pathway in the modulation of protective immune responses and thus favoring parasite survival. Taken together, the results of this study indicate the hijacking of the host SUMOylation pathway by L. donovani toward the suppression of host immune responses and facilitation of host autophagy to potentially facilitate its survival. Targeting of SUMOylation pathway can provide a starting point for the design and development of novel therapeutic interventions to combat leishmaniasis.
Insight Into the Properties and Immunoregulatory Effect of Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis Biofilms
Authors: Kulig Kamila , Karnas Elzbieta , Woznicka Olga , Kuleta Patryk , Zuba-Surma Ewa , Pyza Elzbieta , Osyczka Artur , Kozik Andrzej , Rapala-Kozik Maria , Karkowska-Kuleta Justyna
Published: June 2022

Currently, non-albicans Candida species, including C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis, are becoming an increasing epidemiological threat, predominantly due to the distinct collection of virulence mechanisms, as well as emerging resistance to antifungal drugs typically used in the treatment of candidiasis. They can produce biofilms that release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are nanometric spherical structures surrounded by a lipid bilayer, transporting diversified biologically active cargo, that may be involved in intercellular communication, biofilm matrix production, and interaction with the host. In this work, we characterize the size and protein composition of these structures for three species of non-albicans Candida fungi forming biofilm, indicating considerable heterogeneity of the investigated population of fungal EVs. Examination of the influence of EVs on cytokine production by the human monocytic cell line THP-1 differentiated into macrophage-like cells revealed that the tested vesicles have a stimulating effect on the secretion of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 8, while they reduce the production of interleukin 10. This may indicate the proinflammatory nature of the effect of EVs produced by these species on the host immune cells. Moreover, it has been indicated that vesicles may be involved in C. tropicalis biofilm resistance to fluconazole and caspofungin. This reveals the important role of EVs not only in the physiology of C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis fungi but also in the pathogenesis of infections associated with the production of fungal biofilm.
A Prospective Study to Detect Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Associated With Myocarditis Among Patients Treated for Lung Cancer
Authors: Faubry Clara , Faure Maxime , Toublanc Anne-Claire , Veillon Rémi , Lemaître Anne-Iris , Vergnenègre Charlotte , Cochet Hubert , Khan Sadia , Raherison Chantal , Dos Santos Pierre , Zysman Maeva
Published: June 2022

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in lung cancer management. However, myocarditis, which is a rare, yet potentially severe adverse-related event associated with ICIs, could be under-reported.

Objectives

This study is aimed to prospectively evaluate the cumulative incidence rate of myocarditis, through systematic screening, among patients receiving ICIs for lung cancer.

Methods

All patients who received the first administration of ICIs for non-small cell (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), between May and November 2020, in the pulmonary department of Bordeaux University Hospital, were included. Echocardiography (ECG), troponin-I, and natriuretic peptide dosages before ICIs' first administration and before each infusion were recorded. ECG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were done additionally, in case of at least three times increase in troponin levels, ECG modifications, and the onset of cardiovascular symptoms. Second, if possible, coronarography than endomyocardial biopsy was assessed. The primary outcome was defined as ICIs related to myocarditis onset, while secondary outcomes included other cardiovascular events, disease-free, and overall survival.

Results

During the period of interest, 99 patients received their first infusion of ICIs for lung cancer (mean age 64 ± 9 years; 52 men, 67% with adenocarcinoma). Three cases of myocarditis without major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) occurred (two definite and one possible), and the mean duration between the first ICIs' administration and myocarditis onset was 144 ± 3 days. Median disease-free survival and overall survival were 169 [102; 233] days and 209 [147; 249] days, respectively.

Conclusion

In our study, systematic screening of myocarditis associated with ICIs leads to a more frequent incidence and a later onset than previously reported. None of them were severe. Additional prospective evidence is needed before we could adopt routine cardiac screening in unselected patients starting ICIs; however, these data shed new light on the risk of myocarditis associated with ICIs administration.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Values of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Banydeen Rishika , Monfort Astrid , Inamo Jocelyn , Neviere Remi
Published: June 2022

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a myocardial disease characterized by extracellular amyloid infiltration throughout the heart, resulting in increased myocardial stiffness, and restrictive heart wall chamber behavior. Its diagnosis among patients hospitalized for cardiovascular diseases is becoming increasingly frequent, suggesting improved disease awareness, and higher diagnostic capacities. One predominant functional manifestation of patients with CA is exercise intolerance, objectified by reduced peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), and assessed by metabolic cart during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Hemodynamic adaptation to exercise in patients with CA is characterized by low myocardial contractile reserve and impaired myocardial efficiency. Rapid shallow breathing and hyperventilation, in the absence of ventilatory limitation, are also typically observed in response to exercise. Ventilatory inefficiency is further suggested by an increased VE-VCO2 slope, which has been attributed to excessive sympathoexcitation and a high physiological dead space (VD/VT) ratio during exercise. Growing evidence now suggests that, in addition to well-established biomarker risk models, a reduced VO2 peak is potentially a strong and independent predictive factor of adverse patient outcomes, both for monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain (AL) or transthyretin (ATTR) CA. Besides generating prognostic information, CPET can be used for the evaluation of the impact of therapeutic interventions in patients with CA.
Distal Aortic Failure Following the Frozen Elephant Trunk Procedure for Aortic Dissection
Authors: Berger Tim , Graap Miriam , Rylski Bartosz , Fagu Albi , Gottardi Roman , Walter Tim , Discher Philipp , Hagar Muhammad Taha , Kondov Stoyan , Czerny Martin , Kreibich Maximilian
Published: June 2022

Background

Aim of this study was to report and to identify risk factors for distal aortic failure following aortic arch replacement via the frozen elephant trunk (FET) procedure.

Methods

One hundred eighty-six consecutive patients underwent the FET procedure for acute and chronic aortic dissection. Our cohort was divided into patients with and without distal aortic failure. Distal aortic failure was defined as: (I) distal aortic reintervention, (II) aortic diameter dilatation to ≥ 6 cm or > 5 mm growth within 6 months, (III) development of a distal stent-graft-induced new entry (dSINE) and/or (IV) aortic-related death. Preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative and aortic morphological data were analyzed.

Results

Distal aortic failure occurred in 88 (47.3%) patients. Forty-six (24.7%) required a distal reintervention, aortic diameter dilatation was observed in 9 (4.8%) patients, a dSINE occurred in 22 (11.8%) patients and 11 (6.4%) suffered an aortic-related death. We found no difference in the number of communications between true and false lumen (p = 0.25) but there were significantly more communications between Ishimaru zone 6–8 in the distal aortic failure group (p = 0.01). The volume of the thoracic descending aorta measured preoperatively and postoperatively within 36 months afterward was significantly larger in patients suffering distal aortic failure (p < 0.001; p = 0.011). Acute aortic dissection (SHR 2.111; p = 0.007), preoperative maximum descending aortic diameter (SHR 1.029; p = 0.018) and preoperative maximum aortic diameter at the level of the diaphragm (SHR 1.041; p = 0.012) were identified as risk factors for distal aortic failure.

Conclusion

The incidence and risk of distal aortic failure following the FET procedure is high. Especially those patients with more acute and more extensive aortic dissections or larger preoperative descending aortic diameters carry a substantially higher risk of developing distal aortic failure. The prospective of the FET technique as a single-step treatment for aortic dissection seems low and follow-up in dedicated aortic centers is therefore paramount.
Fluid Accumulation Zone by Seismic Attributes and Amplitude Versus Offset Analysis at Solfatara Volcano, Campi Flegrei, Italy
Authors: Gammaldi Sergio , Ismail Amir , Zollo Aldo
Published: June 2022

The imaging of volcanic systems is a challenging topic that attracts the scientific community’s attention. The characterization of structures and rock properties by means of seismic active methods is becoming fundamental for providing ultra-high-resolution images of the structures of interest. The Solfatara Volcano is a quiescent volcano in the Campi Flegrei resurgent nested caldera that is continuously under investigation and monitoring for its shallow activity, such as fumaroles. The purpose of this work is to characterize the fluid accumulation zone in the first 150 m depth in the middle of the crater, using several post-stack seismic attributes and Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) analysis to characterize the contact between the CO2 and condensed water in the shallower accumulation zone. The two 400 m-long profiles to which we refer in this work have been acquired during the active Repeated InduCed Earthquakes and Noise experiment. The profiles were deployed along with the NNE-SSW and WNW-ESE directions across the whole surface of the crater including the main surface anomalies of the fumaroles, in the eastern area, and the mud-pool of Fangaia, located in the western area. The seismic pre-processing, pre-stack processing, and post-stack analysis previously applied on the NNE-SSW profile are here performed for the first time on the WNW-ESE profile, while partial-stack AVO analysis is performed for both profiles. The post-stack attributes including time gain, envelope, energy, and root mean square have been computed and extracted for determining the maximum and minimum values of amplitude zones on the migrated post-stack seismic profiles. Such anomalies are provided by complex and geometrical attributes embedding information on faults and chaotic zones. The AVO technique has also been used as a direct gas indicator to enhance fluid discrimination and identification. Finally, the analysis of the profile, seismic attributes, and near-surface structural interpretation related to the Solfatara Volcano has been incorporated into the proposed analysis. The multi-2D image depicts fluids trapped in the Solfatara Volcano at depths ranging from 10 to 50 m below the crater’s surface, as well as their migration paths up to 150 m deep: this evidenced contact between the fluids has been probably due to the solfataric alteration of the minerals, caused by the arising plume and the abovecondensed water which decreases the permeability of the rocks and forms an argillic phase working as cap-rock and trapping the gases. The application of the AVO analysis, coupled with the seismic attribute’s investigation, provides a very detailed multi-2D image of the shallower Solfatara Volcano, which outperforms in terms of accuracy the ones obtained with different tools in previous works, and that evidences the presence and the position of the liquid and the gases in the north-east area of the Solfatara Volcano.
Support Strategy for Executive Function in Children of Low-Income Families: The Marshmallow Test Has a Learning Value
Authors: Watanabe Nobuki
Published: June 2022

Executive function (EF) development is an important part of infancy and childhood, promoting success in later life. Developing targeted methods is desirable to enable EF. There is an urgent need for easily implementable proposals to ameliorate educational disparities between income groups. EF is a skill that its possessor can use to inhibit thoughts and emotions. There is a relationship between EF and the prefrontal cortex. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children’s (WISC-IV) Working Memory Index (WMI) task for thinking and the marshmallow test for emotions have been used to measure EF, but these tests themselves carry a load of inhibitions. Therefore, we can assume a natural value in learning to improve on the test. The marshmallow test does not require parental expertise in preparation or implementation, and it entails little financial burden. If there is a potential value in learning how to do better on the test, it will be easy for parents in low-income families to help their children improve. I examined whether the marshmallow test itself can support EF. Measurements of brain activity in the prefrontal cortex over 8 days showed that the marshmallow test was more active than the WMI task or the abacus task. Therefore, the results suggest that continued use of the marshmallow test can support EF even in low-income families.
Tools for Teachers to Support Music Students in Managing and Coping With Their Workload in Higher Education
Authors: Jääskeläinen Tuula , López-Íñiguez Guadalupe
Published: June 2022

One-to-one tuition is an essential part of studying music and is appreciated by the music students. Problems can occur when there are diverse perceptions between teacher practice and student expectations. This study provides research-based evidence on 155 music students’ experiences of workload, stress, and coping in their interaction with teachers in higher education in Finland and the United Kingdom. The theoretical framework was informed by several theories in educational psychology research, such as the influence of teaching and learning environment on students’ perceived workload, and constructivist approach in teaching and learning music. The data included 155 music students’ open-ended answers in the questionnaire and interviews with 29 music students. The qualitative analysis was conducted through the methodological framework of transcendental phenomenology. The findings illustrate music students’ interaction with teachers concerning (1) the structure of students’ workload, (2) a music student’s individual workload, (3) workload relating to teaching and learning environments, and (4) psychological and physiological issues. A total of 43 constructive tools for teachers were created based on these music students’ experiences. These tools are based on the constructivist principles focusing on the music students’ knowledge and capabilities and they can be utilized to better support students in managing and coping with their workload and stress in higher music education institutions.
Risk Factors for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, Peripheral Artery Disease, and Foot Deformity Among the Population With Diabetes in Beijing, China: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Jiayi , Yuan Xiaoyong , Liu Jin , Yuan Geheng , Sun Yalan , Zhang Donghui , Qi Xin , Li Huijuan , Zhang Junqing , Wen Bing , Guo Xiaohui
Published: June 2022

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), peripheral artery disease (PAD), and foot deformity are the most common causes of diabetic foot, which can considerably worsen the patient’s quality of life. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with DPN, PAD, and foot deformity among patients with diabetes living in Beijing, China. In total, 3,898 diabetes patients from 11 hospitals in Beijing were evaluated using questionnaires and physical examinations, and 3,758 patients were included in the analysis. We compared the demographic, clinical, biological characteristics, and comorbidities of patients with and without DPN, PAD, or foot deformity, and used binary logistic regression analysis to identify potential factors associated with these outcomes. Overall, 882 patients (23.5%) had DPN, 437 patients (11.6%) had PAD, and 1,117 patients (29.7%) had foot deformities, including callus. The risk factors for DPN included: age ≥40 years, a ≥10+year duration of diabetes, a body mass index of <18.5 kg/m2 or ≥24 kg/m2, a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of ≥140 mm Hg, a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of ≥7%, chronic kidney disease, and cerebrovascular disease. The risk factors for PAD included: a 15+ year diabetes duration, a body mass index of <18.5 kg/m2, a SBP of ≥140 mm Hg, a HbA1c level of ≥7%, chronic kidney disease, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease. The risk factors for skeletal foot deformities included: women, age ≥40 years, a SBP ≥140 mm Hg, and hyperlipidemia. The risk factors for callus formation included: women, a SBP ≥140 mm Hg, and hyperlipidemia. In conclusion, the prevalence of foot deformities was higher than DPN and PAD in patients with diabetes. Managing the risk factors for DPN, PAD, and foot deformity is important for reducing the risk of diabetic foot.
Severity Level and Duration of Energy Deficit in Mice Affect Bone Phenotype and Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Differentiation Capacity
Authors: Avilkina Viktorija , Leterme Damien , Falgayrac Guillaume , Delattre Jérôme , Miellot Flore , Gauthier Véronique , Chauveau Christophe , Ghali Mhenni Olfa
Published: June 2022

Anorexia nervosa is known to induce changes in bone parameters and an increase in bone marrow adiposity (BMA) that depend on the duration and seriousness of the disease. Previous studies have found that bone loss is associated with BMA accumulation. Sirtuin of type 1 (Sirt1), a histone deacetylase that is partly regulated by energy balance, was shown to have pro-osteoblastogenic and anti-adipogenic effects. To study the effects of the severity and duration of energy deficits related to bone loss, a mouse model of separation-based anorexia (SBA) was established. We recently demonstrated that moderate body weight loss (18%) 8-week SBA protocol in mice resulted in an increase in BMA, bone loss, and a significant reduction in Sirt1 expression in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) extracted from SBA mice. We hypothesised that Sirt1 deficit in BMSCs is associated with bone and BMA alterations and could potentially depend on the severity of weight loss and the length of SBA protocol. We studied bone parameters, BMA, BMSC differentiation capacity, and Sirt1 expression after induction of 4 different levels of body weight loss (0%,12%,18%,24%), after 4 or 10 weeks of the SBA protocol. Our results demonstrated that 10 week SBA protocols associated with body weight loss (12%, 18%, 24%) induced a significant decrease in bone parameters without any increase in BMA. BMSCs extracted from 12% and 18% SBA groups showed a significant decrease in Sirt1 mRNA levels before and after co-differentiation. For these two groups, decrease in Sirt1 was associated with a significant increase in the mRNA level of adipogenic markers and a reduction of osteoblastogenesis. Inducing an 18% body weight loss, we tested a short SBA protocol (4-week). We demonstrated that a 4-week SBA protocol caused a significant decrease in Tb.Th only, without change in other bone parameters, BMA, Sirt1 expression, or differentiation capacity of BMSCs. In conclusion, this study showed, for the first time, that the duration and severity of energy deficits are critical for changes in bone parameters, BMSC differentiation, and Sirt1 expression. Furthermore, we showed that in this context, Sirt1 expression could impact BMSC differentiation with further effects on bone phenotype.