bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-handicapping strategies in educational context: construction and validation of the Brazilian Self-Handicapping Strategies Scale (EEAPREJ)
Authors: Boruchovitch Evely , Rufini Sueli Edi , Ganda Danielle Ribeiro , Miranda Lucia Cerqueira , de Almeida Leandro Silva
Published: April 2022

Self-handicapping strategies refer to the set of choices and attitudes adopted to minimize blame for failure and increase the value of success in achievement situations. This paper aims to describe the stages of construction and the psychometric analysis of a scale to measure the self-handicapping strategies of university students. In study 1, the major steps for the construction of the scales and initial results are reported. The internal consistency indices were acceptable and the principal component analysis revealed factors with little explanation of data variance. In study 2, data from a sample of 834 students from several undergraduate courses of different Brazilian universities were subjected to exploratory factor analysis using the minimum rank factor analysis (MRFA) method and the matrix of polychoric correlations. The parallel analysis criterion for factor retention indicated the one-factor solution as the best fit to data. The importance of having a valid and reliable measure to assess self-handicapping strategies in educational contexts and the promising use of the scale in actions to improve learning in higher education are discussed.
Sample selection bias with multiple dependent selection rules: an application to survey data analysis with multilevel nonresponse
Authors: Rezaee Alireza , Ganjali Mojtaba , Bahrami Samani Ehsan
Published: April 2022

The microdata of surveys are valuable resources for analyzing and modeling relationships between variables of interest. These microdata are often incomplete because of nonresponses in surveys and, if not considered, may lead to model misspecification and biased results. Nonresponse variable is usually assumed as a binary variable, and it is used to construct a sample selection model in many researches. However, this variable is a multilevel variable related to its reasons of occurring. Missing mechanism may differ among the levels of nonresponse, and merging the levels of nonresponse may cause bias in the results of the analysis. In this paper, a method is proposed for analyzing survey data with respect to reasons for the nonresponse based on sample selection model. Each nonresponse level is considered as a selection rule, and classical Heckman model is extended. Simulation studies and an analysis of a real data set from an establishment survey are presented to demonstrate the performance and practical usefulness of the proposed method.
Targeting mTOR in the Context of Diet and Whole-body Metabolism
Authors: Koundouros Nikos , Blenis John
Published: April 2022

The mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is the central regulator of cell growth and proliferation by integrating growth factor and nutrient availability. Under healthy physiological conditions, this process is tightly coordinated and essential to maintain whole-body homeostasis. Not surprisingly, dysregulated mTOR signaling underpins several diseases with increasing incidence worldwide, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Consequently, there is significant clinical interest in developing therapeutic strategies that effectively target this pathway. The transition of mTOR inhibitors from the bench to bedside, however, has largely been marked with challenges and shortcomings, such as the development of therapy resistance and adverse side effects in patients. In this review, we discuss the current status of first-, second-, and third-generation mTOR inhibitors as a cancer therapy in both preclinical and clinical settings, with a particular emphasis on the mechanisms of drug resistance. We focus especially on the emerging role of diet as an important environmental determinant of therapy response, and posit a conceptual framework that links nutrient availability and whole-body metabolic states such as obesity with many of the previously defined processes that drive resistance to mTOR-targeted therapies. Given the role of mTOR as a central integrator of cell metabolism and function, we propose that modulating nutrient inputs through dietary interventions may influence the signaling dynamics of this pathway and compensatory nodes. In doing so, new opportunities for exploiting diet/drug synergies are highlighted that may unlock the therapeutic potential of mTOR inhibitors as a cancer treatment.
A Review of the Participant Observation Method in Journalism: Designing and Reporting
Authors: Shin Sooyoung ,   Michigan State University, USA, Miller Serena ,   Michigan State University, USA
Published: April 2022

The participant observation method involves numerous methodological competencies and procedures, yet no systematic research has been found to date that evaluates the qualitative practice. The method has played a foundational role in the field of journalism and is growing in use among researchers. Despite its contributions to knowledge about organizations, movements, and cultures, the procedures that encompass the method may be unfamiliar or unclear for some researchers according to the literature. The study analyzed journalism researchers’ reporting of methodological information in studies involving news contexts and assessed scholars’ adherence to methodological reporting best practices in 150 journal articles. The results showed participant observation researchers employed data trustworthiness techniques by primarily using qualitative formal interviews and they also provided site selection logic. The results, however, also showed evidence of methodological conceptual ambiguity when referring to participant observation method techniques and low reporting of several specific recommended techniques associated with participation observation. The narrative reflects our desire to help other researchers learn more about the method, while also encouraging methodological transparency to improve the collective understanding of the method. We put forth eight participant observation reporting recommendations rooted in anthropology and sociology to consider when reporting methodological practices. The hope is this introduction and the proposed measures will initiate discussions and support community around the practice of participant observation.
Genital lymphoedema and its hidden impact: a treatment guide
Authors: Wigg Jane
Published: April 2022

Genital lymphoedema is recognised as a rare consequence of cancer surgery or its treatment, which also occurs with primary lymphoedema. Over recent years, there has been an increased understanding of the condition; however, good assessment, early recognition and effective management are crucial to prevent the progression and improve the lives of those with this condition. Treatment needs to be individualised and the psychosocial and emotional aspects of the condition need to be carefully considered to ensure that the patient can achieve successful outcomes with realistic expectations.
Pregnant women in custody
Authors: Delap Naomi
Published: April 2022

Naomi Delap, Director of the charity Birth Companions, examines a recent case involving the death of a baby at a prison and asks whether equivalence of care is being achieved in the UK
Breastfeeding experiences and support: identifying factors influencing breastfeeding behaviour
Authors: Norman Alyson , Mortimer Samantha , Baptie Grace , Percuklievska Nena , Ferrario Hannah
Published: April 2022

Background

Breastfeeding rates at 6 months in the UK have remained low in recent years, highlighting a need to better understand the factors that influence breastfeeding behaviour.

Aim

To investigate factors that influence breastfeeding behaviour in the UK and to understand the role of health professionals in promoting and facilitating breastfeeding.

Methods

Participants with breastfeeding experience (n=1505) completed an online survey, with 30 agreeing to be interviewed. Survey data were analysed using quantitative content analysis and a mixed thematic approach was employed to analyse interview data. Themes were derived from triangulation of survey and interview data.

Results

The survey identified a range of feeding complications. Thematic analysis identified four themes related to factors influencing breastfeeding: attitudes, availability of information, birthing experience and maternal mental health.

Conclusions

Healthcare professionals play an important role in the decision to breastfeed. It is essential that appropriate support and information is made available from early in pregnancy and throughout the breastfeeding journey. Particular support and advice is needed for those who have experienced traumatic births or are struggling with poor mental health.
Gender inclusive language on public-facing maternity services websites in England
Authors: Jennings Leifa , Goût Beatrice , Whittaker Paula J
Published: April 2022

Background

Growing numbers of transgender and non-binary people are becoming gestational parents. It is important that patient-facing maternity websites reflect this. This study aimed to assess whether NHS maternity websites in England were inclusive to people of all genders.

Methods

A total of 130 maternity websites were examined for gender-inclusive language. Websites were categorised as ‘fully inclusive’ if no gender-specific pronouns or terminology was used, ‘inclusive’ if no gendered terminology or pronouns were used but ‘woman/women’ or ‘mothers/mums’ was used to describe patients, or ‘not inclusive’ if gender-specific terms were used, such as ‘she/her’ or ‘ladies’.

Results

Overall, 71.5% (n=93) of NHS services websites used language that was either inclusive or fully inclusive, but 28.5% (n=37) of providers analysed used language that was not inclusive.

Conclusions

Increasing language inclusivity in maternity services may help to reduce discrimination experienced by transgender and non-binary patients and contribute to a fulfilled and more diverse workforce.
Helping midwives support families who require non-therapeutic infant male circumcision
Authors: Whittaker Paula J , Shaw Catherine , Strange Joshua , Gollins Helen
Published: April 2022

In the UK, the majority of non-therapeutic infant male circumcisions for religious or cultural reasons are performed by private providers in community settings. There have been reports of unsafe practices by some unregulated private providers. The implementation of a voluntary quality assurance process in one region in northwest England has been associated with a decrease in paediatric surgical admissions of infant boys admitted following complications of circumcision in the community. Voluntary quality assurance is a feasible option to implement quality improvement for services outside clinical governance systems. The quality assurance process provides a valuable resource for midwives to signpost families to safely practising providers, potentially reducing the risk of harm to children resulting from families using unqualified providers and safeguarding infant boys from harm becuase of poor practice.
Reinventing selves and connections through community volunteering: how care leavers and their supporters create a space for agency and self-work
Authors: Cox Nigel , Martikke Susanne , Cumbers Holly , Webb Lucy
Published: April 2022

Young people leaving out-of-home care experience higher levels of emotional, social, educational and vocational disadvantage when compared with peers from stable home-care environments. Care leavers’ educational trajectories may be interrupted, their development of self-identity during transition through adolescence disturbed, and their social and emotional development disrupted due to their diminished accumulation of social and cultural capital. This article presents a re-analysis of the qualitative data derived from a mixed-method study of the experience of young care leavers engaged with a community-based volunteering project in the United Kingdom. We describe how young care leavers developed self-efficacy through volunteering and show how care leavers create a space for agency and self-work, negotiate and cultivate identities independent from statutory supports, and situate themselves within wider relational and social contexts. Implications for future research, policy and practice with younger people leaving statutory care are explored.
The Development of Mathematical Literation Instruments Based on Class IV Geometry Material Conservation
Authors: Prasetyo Kakung , Masrukan Masrukan , Sunawan Sunawan
Published: April 2022

Mathematical-based conservation literacy instruments in elementary school (SD) that are valid, reliable and practical are not yet available. This study aims to develop mathematical literacy instruments based on the conservation of grade IV elementary geometry material validity, reliability, and practicality. This research method uses the R & D Development model of Borg & Gall. Research procedures include (1) preliminary studies; (2) Planning; (3) the development of a hypothetical model; (4) Review of hypothetical models; (5) Revision I; (6) limited trials; (7) Revision II; (8) Extensive trials; (9) Revised final model. The sample used for the study was 30 students for a small scale test and 119 students for a large scale test. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and tests. The results of the instrument are declared to be valid in content of 0.60. The estimated reliability of Inter Class Correlation (ICC) between assessors is 0.809. Small-scale tests show the value of Kaiser Meyer Olkin (KMO) of 0.653 and Barteletts test sig. 0,000. However, there is 1 item that has a value of Measures of Sampling Adequacy (MSA) <0.5. Large-scale tests show the value of Results (KMO) of 0.685 and Bartlett's Test sig. 0,000. All items obtain an MSA value of> 0.5. The instrument forms 3 components. The value of Eigenvalues â€‹â€‹component 1 is 3,273, component 2 is 2,585, and component 3 is 1,562. The conclusion of this study is that the instruments developed proved to be valid, reliable and practical. Valid content based on expert judgment. Valid constructively by forming 3 factors. Reliable based on empirical tests. The instrument proved to be very practical based on teacher ratings. The instrument used by the teacher is used as a tool to measure mathematical literacy and improve students' mathematical abilities.
The Development of Authentic Assessment Instrument of Hajj Manasik Practices of IX Grade of SMP PGRI 10 Candi in Sidoarjo Regency
Authors: Ajib Shofwanthoni M. , Ridlo Saiful , Elmubarok Zaim
Published: April 2022

The objective of this study is to develop authentic assessment instruments for Hajj manasik that are valid, reliable, and practical in IX grade of the SMP PGRI Candi. This research was a development research with Borg & Gall model without stages of dissemination and implementation. The validity of the contents of the instrument was tested on four experts in their fields. The score given by the expert was calculated using the V Index to determine the value of its validity and with the ICC to find out the reliability score. The instrument was tested on 100 students, construct validity with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and reliability with alpha cronbach. The results obtain that 27 valid items from expert validation with the reliability of 0.824. Construct validity obtained KMO score of 0.812 with a significance of 0.000, while the value of MSA> 0.5 for 27 items that form 2 factors in accordance with the dimensions of Hajj manasik. Practical test, from 3 teacher respondents stated that it is practical to be used with a score of> 50%.
Three Tier Multiple Choice Test Instrument Design For Analysis Of Student Misconceptions In The Subject Of PPkn
Authors: Widiyana Suci , Rusilowati Ani , Priyanto Agustinus Sugeng
Published: April 2022

Weaknesses and strengths of mastery of the material students in the learning process can be identified using diagnostic tests. This study aims to determine the appropriateness of the contents of the test instrument three tier multiple choice (3TMC) for students' misconceptions analysis. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with a 4D model consisting of define, design, development and desemination. The analysis technique used is the content validity,  content reliability, different power and difficulty level. Analysis of the content validity of the 3TMC test instrument uses the Aiken formula, the reliability test of the 3TMC test instrument uses Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), while the difference power test and difficulty level use Anates. Content validation data was obtained from 5 validators consisting of 3 expert lecturers and 2 PPKn teachers. The results of expert validation of the 3TMC test instruments obtained 20 valid 3TMC items with 19 items having a value of v of 1.00, 1 item with a value of v of 0.60 in item 14. The results of inter-rater reliability analysis showed an Alpha value of 0.938 with avalue Single Measures of 0.750 â‰¥ 0.5, so it can be seen that the rater agreed in providing an assessment with the criteria of High Reliability. Based on the results of the study it was found that the developed 3TMC test products are valid with little revision and are reliable for use, so that the 3TMC test instrument can be used for the analysis of students' misconceptions on PPKn subjects.
the Developing Assessment Instrument In Critical Thinking Ability For Fifth Grade Of Elementary School In Thematic Learning
Authors: Hartanto Hartanto , Rusilowati Ani , Kartono Kartono
Published: April 2022

The background of this study is about the availibility of the test assessment instrument to measure the critical thinking ability of fifth grade elementary school students which is limitted. Therefore, it needs to be developed. This development research used the Borg & Gall development method. The purpose of this study was to develop an assessment instrument in essay. The assessment instrument was validated by 5 Experts Judgment by using the Aiken'V formula. The results of trials using the construct validity of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), interater reliability used Two Ways Anova proved by the Ebel formula and internal consistent reliability with the Alpha Cronbach formula. The result of expert judgment validation showed that â‰¥0.8 which mean that 10 items were in valid category, construct validity results from large-scale test analysis by using LISREL 8.8 namely Confirmatory Factor fulfilled the testing of goodness of fit GFI value 0,93, CFI=0,97 and NFI=0,91. The three assessment criteria have value > 0,90. It can be concluded that the construct validity is met. The construct validity is also evidenced by the loading factor of 10 items. All of which have a price of > 0,3. The interrater reliability assessment instruments based on Expert Judgment coefficient value was 0,62. The expert agreement indicated that the rating given by each rater is reliable or consistent between one another and internal consistency of small scale test results of coefficient value of alpha 0,861, large scale 0.813. Practicality of assessment instruments based on expert judgment had mean 37.2 and included in practical category. The profile of critical thinking skills of fifth grade elementary school students category â€œMediumâ€. The Conclusions was the assessment instruments in critical thinking skills of fifth grade students on thematic learning were tested in validity, reliability and suitable to be used.
Teacher Evaluation in Determining Ability Minimum Completeness Criteria Subject First High School Mathematics
Authors: Subekti Estu , Rusilowati Ani , Khumaedi M.
Published: April 2022

KKM determines a measurement of the quality of learning in the educational unit. Carrying capacity, intake, students, and teachers use the complexity of determining the subjects of mathematics so KKM in education units can be different. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of teachers to include suitability procedures, enabling and inhibiting factors as well as the enforceability of the process in determining the KKM. The study used a survey method. CIPP evaluation model using the model. The sampling technique using techniques Slovin. The subjects are mathematics teachers of junior high school in Cirebon. Content validity of the instrument based on the judgment of experts using a formula Aiken's V and reliability testing using the formula Ebel. Content validity was tested by three experts. Data is collected using interview techniques, documentation, and questionnaires. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The ability of teachers by 83% with a very high category. Suitability procedures by 85% with a very high category and is not by following under accordance with the procedures as much as 15% lower categories. Supporting factor of 92% with a very high category and a limiting factor of 8% with the lower categories. The supporting factors include improvements to the learning process with the fulfillment of infrastructure, making document 1, 2 and 3, the achievement of KKM conducted jointly, their results are difficult KD analysis, moderate or easy, proactive learners, participating in learning activities and tasks that have been designed educators, KD producing appropriate evaluation questions. Inhibiting factors there is no standard minimum completeness criteria format that is produced through MGMP. Implementation process by 79% with a very high category.
Developing Assessment Instrument of Data, Technology, and Human Literacy in Physics Learning
Authors: Dewi Candra , Rusilowati Ani , Fianti Fianti
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine validity of the assessment instrument data, technology, and human literacy in physics learning. The research method uses research and development (RnD) with modified 4-D model until development stage. Instrument of validation was assessed by 6 validators. The instrument was tested by 36 students of class X SMK Texmaco Semarang. The form of instruments is multiple choice test with 21 item to measure the cognitive domain. Data analysis in this research are tests of content validity, reliability, internal consistency, discrimination power, and level of difficulty. The results of the content validity by using Aikenâ€™s coefficient get an average score 0.84 with a valid category at significance level of 0.05. Cronbachâ€™s Alpha and ICC values from reliability test are 0.77 and 0.806 with reliable categories. The results of internal consistency showed that 80.95% items had a good internal consistency. There are 4 items with category not used from the discrimination power test. Furthermore from the results of the difficulty level, 7 items are easy, 13 items are medium, and 1 item is difficult. Based on results of the instrument analysis can be concluded that the instrument developed were valid and reliabel then can be used to measure ability of data, technology, and humans literacy in physics learning.
Validity and Reliability of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Test Assessment in Mathematics Learning At Seventh Grade Based on The Expert Study
Authors: Subay Resvia , Kartono Kartono , Sulhadi Sulhadi
Published: April 2022

This paper is a part of research and development that develops Higher Order Thinking Skill test assessment in mathematics learning in seventh grade. The developed test assessment is in the form of essay questions, consisting of 10 question items. In a research and development study, one of the required steps before conducting a trial run test is an expert study. The expert study is carried out to find out the validity and reliability of a developed instrument based on experts' judgment. The developed test assessment in this research is based on three experts' judgments. They are a mathematician, an evaluation expert, and a practitioner (mathematics teacher). Then, the scores taken from the expert study were then analyzed by using the Aiken formula. Meanwhile, the reliability was analyzed by using Ebel. The validity score of 10 question items shows each of them has a validity score toward three aspects. The aspects are content, construct, and language. The aspects consist of 14 principles. Meanwhile, the reliability test has a score . Thus, the developed test assessment, based on the expert study, is valid and reliable.
The Effectiveness of Talking Chips Model Aided by Visual Media Toward Javanesse Language Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sutaryono Sutaryono
Published: April 2022

Based on the results of observation, interview, and the data of learning outcomes, it was obtained that Javanesse language learning outcomes was less maximal, the model used by teacher was unvaried, and the limitation of the media used. This research aimed to examine the effectiveness of talking chips model aided by visual-media towards Javanesse language learning outcomes on fifth grade students of Gugus Cendana Elementary School, Blora Regency. This research used experimental quantitative method focused on nonequivalent control group design. The technique for choosing the sample was cluster random sampling. The total sample used in this research was 36 students. The method of collecting the data was by giving test, observation, interview, and documentation. The result of hypothesis test showed that the score of t count=3.067, and t table= 2.032, t count > t table (3.067 > 2.032), it meant that talking chips model aided by visual-media more effective for the Javanesse language learning outcomes. The result of n-gain on experimental group was higher than the controlled one. The score of n-gain on controlled group was 0.029 which belonged to the low level. Whereas, the score of n-gain on experimental group was 0.52 which belonged to the medium level. The result of observation on studentsâ€™ activity showed that the score average of experimental group was higher than the controlled one. While the experimental group stood for 76.5%, the controlled group stood for 62%. The conclusion of this research pointed out that talking chips model aided by visual-media was effective for the Javanesse language learning outcomes on the fifth grade students of Gugus Cendana Elementary School, Blora Regency. In this case, the researcher suggest that talking chips model aided by visual-media can be used as an alternative of learning model which can be applied to enhance the studentsâ€™ activity, giving the same chance for the students in the learning process. Therefore, hopefully the teacher is able to create an interesting and wonderful learning atmosphere for the students; so that the students are able to achieve the learning objectives.
Development of Thematic Worksheet Based on Character Education for Fifth Graders Schools
Authors: Sari Utami Setia , Sukenda Asep , Valen Andri
Published: April 2022

This study aims to develop LKS in the form of Thematic Worksheet Based on Environmental Care Character Education on Theme 8 "Environment of Our Friends" Subtema 3 "Environmental Conservation Efforts" for fifth grade students of SD Negeri 15 Lubuklinggau and to find out the quality of LKS seen from the validity and practical aspects. This research is a development research with 4D development model (four D model). Data collection techniques in the study are interviews and questionnaires / questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses a Likert scale. The results showed that: (1) The validity of the worksheet showed that the worksheets developed were included in the Valid classification of the language worthiness component with an average score of 3.00, the content eligibility component was included in the Valid classification with an average score of 3.23 , and the presentation eligibility component is included in the Valid classification with an average score of 3.07. (2) the quality of teaching materials seen from the aspect of practicality included in the classification of "Very Practical" with an average score of 4.50 determined based on the results of students' questionnaire responses to worksheets.
The Influence of Online Learning in Improving The Literacy Competence of Primary Teacher Education (PGSD) Students in Universitas Negeri Semarang During The Epidemic Crisis
Authors: Isdaryanti Barokah , Ahmadi Farid , Wulandari Desi , Sulistyorini Sri
Published: April 2022

Online learning is one of the innovations in education in respond to the development of technology nowadays that is to provide innovative learning source. It allows students to have more flexibility in learning since it can be done whenever and wherever they want it to be. They could interact with the lecturer through applications like e-classroom, video conference, zoom or even chat in whatsapp group. Online learning is also an innovation in education to imprve the literacy competence of students and encourages students to be able to do three critical analysis such as conducting interview, examining the environment, writing report, and doing observation well.This study aims at analyzing the proses of online learning conducted for the PGSD Unnes students and analyzing the influence of the learning on the improvement of their literacy competence throughout the pandemic crisis. The method implemented is mixed method that is conducting both parametric and non-parametric statistic analysis. It is started from quantitative data that is processed and tested using statistics test, continued by analyzing the data using descriptive qualitative method to portray the process and influence of online learning on the improvement of literacy competence of PGSD students during the pandemic. Based on the observation and questionnaire, it could be analyzed how much the students participate in the online larning process and literary activity during the pandemic. The samples in this research are the students of PGSD Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES). The data collected from the samples then being analyzed using statistics and descriptive test, presented and concluded.
Validity and Reliability Content of Physics Problem Solving Test Instrument Based on Local Wisdom
Authors: Octafia Dwiana , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Sulhadi Sulhadi
Published: April 2022

This research was part of the research development a instrument test for the ability to solve physics problems based on problems that occur in the field, that is an instrument for assessing the ability to solve problems that has not been tested. The purpose of this study was to reveal the validity and reliability of the contents of the physics problem solving ability test instrument that had previously been compiled. The research method used is a quantitative description by 5 expert judgments. The instrument developed in the form of an expert observation sheet with 3 aspects of assessment, namely aspects of content feasibility, aspects of construction and aspects of language. Analysis of the content validity of the observation sheet using the V coefficient by Aiken and the reliability of the instrument content using the Inter-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) analysis with the help of SPSS version 16.0. Based on the results of the study, it shows valid results with all item items valued> 0.3, those are with the lowest index 0.6 and the highest 1.0. Inter-rater reliability test using ICC obtained a value of 0.630, which means that all aspects of the instrument for assessing the ability of physics problem solving that have been assessed have a level of consistency. Based on the results of these studies, the test instrument for the ability to solve physics problems is feasible to use.
Content Validity and Reliability of The Inter-Rater Instrument for Android-Based Speaking Performance Assessment
Authors: Triwibowo Febri Dhany , Rusilowati Ani , Linggar Bharati Dwi Anggani
Published: April 2022

This research is part of development research based on problems encountered in the field, which is the absence of an android-based speaking assessment instrument and one that supports one of the conservation values of Semarang State University, which is paperless. The aim of this study was to show the results of the validity and reliability test of the developed android-based speaking performance assessment instrument. The research method used is quantitative description of 3 expert judgments. The validation instrument developed in the form of an expert assessment sheet with 4 criteria, there are ease of use, visuals, content, and benefits. Analysis of the content validity of the assessment sheet using the V coefficient by Aiken and the reliability of the instrument content using the Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) analysis with the help of SPSS version 16.0. The results showed valid results with all criteria valued> 0.3, namely with the lowest index 0.8 and the highest 1.0. Inter-rater reliability test using ICC obtained a value of 0.875, which means that all the criteria for the developed android-based speaking performance assessment instrument have a good level of consistency. Based on the results, it can be showed that the android-based speaking performance assessment instrument can be used.
An An Analysis of Authentic Assessment Implementation in English Speaking Skill of Second Grade Students
Authors: Syafrizal Syafrizal , Paharnzah John , Nuraeni Frasasti Wahyu
Published: April 2022

This paper is a qualitative study which aimed at finding the result of authentic assessment implementation in assessing student English speaking skill. The data were analyzed using content analysis approach. The result of the study showed that the students in their speaking practice got various score in each category. In fluency category, there were five students or 16.67% got 5 score. It meant the studentâ€™s fluency and their volume is better. It was smooth and fluid speech. There were few or no hesitations and also there were not attempts to search for words. In pronunciation and accent category, the students who got 5 score was only two students or 7% which their pronunciation is excellent. They had good effort at accent like native. In vocabulary category, the students who got 5 score was 11 students or 37%. It meant their language control was excellent and there was a wide range of well-chosen vocabulary. In grammar category, there were only one student or 3.33% got 5 score. His/her grammatical structures are accuracy and variety. The last category was details which 16 students 53.33% got 5 score. It meant that their level of description was excellent. Additional details information beyond the required included. In the process of conducting evaluation, authentic assessment has big enough influence especially in assessing studentsâ€™ speaking skill.
Customer Satisfaction Analysis Through Service Quality for Service Strategy Improvement Mutiareads
Authors: Hana Halimah Mardiah , Chan Arianis , Barkah Cecep Syafaatul , Tresna Pratimi Wulan
Published: April 2022

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has forced MSMEs activists to survive and continue to thrive. ne of the efforts made is to use the internet in its business activities. In this day of globalization, the rapid growth of internet technology brings numerous benefits to its users, one of which is the ability to conduct sales and purchases online. As a result, there is fierce competition among MSMEs, and business actors must devise strategies that satisfy customers. One way to gratify customers is to improve service quality. Mutiareads is an example of an MSMEs that uses the internet to market its products, including new and secondhand books worth reading. Customer satisfaction is measured in this study using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) and Importance Performance Analysis (CSI) techniques based on the dimensions of reliability, empathy, tangibles, responsiveness, and assurance. The results that will be obtained from the CSI method are the overall satisfaction level of Mutiareads consumers by 86%. The results of the IPA calculation are that there are 2 attributes that need to be enhanced, 10 attributes need to be maintained, 2 attributes do not effect consumer satisfaction less, and 1 attribute has to be reduced in intensity.
Dividend Policy and Stock Price Volatility: A Study on Indonesian Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Ridloah Siti , Putri Rizkia Duwi , Noekent Vitradesie , Waliuddin Achmad Nauval
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the effect of dividend policy on stock price volatility in manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019-2020. This study also examines other factors that ar thought to have an effect on dividend policy and stock price volatility, such as: firm size, earning voolatility, and leverage. This research method uses a quantitative approach, using secondary data derived from the company’s annual financial report. Purposive sampling method uses in this study. The sample used was 62 companies with a total of 124 observations. This study use multiple regression method. SPSS 16 is an analytical tool used in this study. The empirical findings of this study indicate that dividend policy has a negative effect on stock price volatility. If the dividends paid increases, the possibility of stock price volatility will decrease. The control variable of firm size dan leverage have no effect on stock price volatility. Furthermore, it is also found that there is a positive influence between the control variable of earning volatility and stock price volatility.
Human Resource Management Practices and Corporate Entrepreneurship: An Empirical Study in Sri Lankan SMEs
Authors: Mathushan Packiyanathan , Kengatharan Navaneethakrishnan
Published: April 2022

Environmental changes and ever-increasing competition among corporations have compelled businesses to innovate incessantly. Over the few decades, the concept ‘corporate entrepreneurship’ has gained notable attention among researchers and practitioners as a salient competitive strategy that evokes a firm’s performance. Additionally, the resource-based view of the firm claims that human resources are the prominent enablers of competitive advantage. Notably, a limited but rising body of research has empirically examined the relationship between human resource management practices and corporate entrepreneurship. However, researchers wanting to draw conclusions confront a significant obstacle, as corporate entrepreneurship is not a one-dimensional concept. The overriding purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between human resource management practices and corporate entrepreneurship. This paper uses a quantitative design; a questionnaire survey method was used to assess human resource management practices and corporate entrepreneurship. Data have been collected through a purposively chosen sample of 169 employees from various SMEs in Sri Lanka. Hypotheses were tested using a partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings show that out of four HRM practices, three practices, viz., employee acquisition, technical training, compensation and incentives system, positively impact corporate entrepreneurship. Ironically, no significant association was found between performance appraisal and corporate entrepreneurship. Practical implications for managers are discussed at the end of the paper
Servant Leadership, Organizational Culture and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Innovative Work Behavior
Authors: Baety Nur , Rojuaniah Rojuaniah
Published: April 2022

This study aims to identify the relationship between servant leadership and organizational culture with innovative work behavior through organizational citizenship behavior . This research was conducted through a survey of 179 employees at one of the consumer goods industrial companies in Bekasi, Indonesia in November 2021, who had worked for more than one year from staff to management positions, by distributing questions electronically. The Smart PLS structural equation model is used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis show that servant leadership and organizational culture had positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior,  servant leadership has an indirect relationship in increasing innovative work behavior, organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior had positive effect to increase innovative work behavior in consumer goods industry employees. It is hoped that this research can be used as a reference in developing further research on the influence of servant leadership and organizational culture to increase innovative work behavior through organizational citizenship behavior and can be used as a consideration in implementing effective human resources.
Can Transfer Payment Reduce the Inequality of Compulsory Education in Poor Areas? An Empirical Study Based on the Data from 18 Counties in 6 Provinces in China
Authors: Zhou Wei , Fu Weidong
Published: April 2022

Transfer payment is of great significance for poverty alleviation and balanced regional development. Based on the first-hand survey data from 18 key counties of 6 provinces in China’s national poverty alleviation and development program, this paper uses propensity score matching to calculate the effects of transfer payment funds on the results of compulsory education in impoverished areas and uses Shapley value decomposition to decompose correlated factors. It finds that when the characteristics of students, families and schools controlled, transfer payment funds significantly lower student academic achievements in some subjects and aggravate the inequality of educational results, which may be the result of the reduction of local education funds caused by the “crowding out effect” of transfer payment. Suggestions are made in this paper to standardize the utilization of transfer payment funds, establish a linkage mechanism between the educational results of poor students and transfer payment funds, implement the assisting plan for teachers and students in poor areas, strengthen the “pertinent support for intelligence development”, and unite multiple agencies to increase input in education, with the purpose of reducing the inequality of compulsory education in poor areas.
Early exposure and input type in the production of Spanish accusative clitics by Chinese-Spanish bilinguals
Authors: Jiao Jian , Cuza Alejandro
Published: April 2022

The current study examines the production of object clitic pronouns among Chinese/Spanish bilinguals via an elicited narrative task. A total of 11 simultaneous bilinguals, 10 sequential bilinguals from Peru and 21 Chinese-speaking L2 learners from China participated in the study. Results showed an advantage by the simultaneous bilinguals regarding target clitic use. However, no significant differences were observed between the sequential bilinguals and the adult L2 learners. Both groups showed non-canonical clitic use, and the L2 learners did not produce any clitic clusters. We argue that while earlier exposure to Spanish facilitates target clitic use, especially with clitic clusters, an instructional learning setting might play a similar role to naturalistic learning regarding target use and gender specification. Clitic clusters, however, present higher difficulty that do not seem to be overcome by formal instruction only.
Non-binary language in Spanish? Comprehension of non-binary morphological forms: a psycholinguistic study
Authors: Stetie Noelia Ayelén , Zunino Gabriela Mariel
Published: April 2022

There is empirical evidence in different languages on how the computation of gender morphology during psycholinguistic processing affects the construction of sex-generic representations. However, there are few experimental studies in Spanish and there is no empirical evidence about the psycholinguistic processing of morphological innovations used as non-binary forms (-x; -e) in contrast to the generic masculine variant (-o). To analyze this phenomenon, we designed a sentence comprehension task. We registered reading times, precision and response times. The results show the specialization of non-binary forms as generic morphological variants, as opposed to the generic masculine. The non-binary forms consistently elicited a reference to mixed groups of people and the response times indicated that these morphological variants do not carry a higher processing cost than the generic masculine. Contrary to what classical grammatical approaches propose, the generic masculine does not function in all cases as generic and its ability to refer to groups of people without uniform gender seems to be modulated by the stereotypicality of the role names.
Reusing Natural Experiments
Authors: Heath Davidson , Ringgenberg Matthew , Samadi Mehrdad , Werner Ingrid M.
Published: April 2022

&lt;ns3:p&gt;After a natural experiment is first used, other researchers often reuse the setting, examining different outcome variables. We use simulations based on real data to illustrate the multiple hypothesis testing problem that arises when researchers reuse natural experiments. We then provide guidance for future inference based on popular empirical settings including difference-in-differences regressions, instrumental variables regressions, and regression discontinuity designs. When we apply our guidance to two extensively studied natural experiments, business combination laws and the Regulation SHO pilot, we find that many results that were statistically significant using single hypothesis testing do not survive corrections for multiple hypothesis testing.&lt;/ns3:p&gt;
Monetary Policy in a Model of Growth
Authors: Queralto Albert
Published: April 2022

&lt;ns3:p&gt;Empirical evidence suggests that recessions have long-run effects on the economy's productive capacity. Recent literature embeds endogenous growth mechanisms within business cycle models to account for these "scarring" effects. The optimal conduct of monetary policy in these settings, however, remains largely unexplored. This paper augments the standard sticky-price New Keynesian (NK) to allow for endogenous dynamics in aggregate productivity. The model has a representation similar to the two-equation NK model, with an additional condition linking productivity growth to current and expected future output gaps. Absent state contingency in the subsidies that correct the externalities associated with productivity growth, optimal monetary policy sets inflation above target whenever the subsidies fall short of the externalities. In the recovery from a spell at the ZLB, the optimal discretionary policy sets inflation temporarily above target, helping mitigate the long-run damage. Following a cost-push shock that creates inflationary pressure, the central bank tolerates a larger rise in inflation than in a model with exogenous productivity. The gains from commitment include the central bank's ability to make credible promises about future output gaps in a way that allows it to manipulate current productivity growth.&lt;/ns3:p&gt;
Stator earth fault detection & evaluation of delaminated stator bar ground wall-insulation of generator G-4 of HPP Chhukha – A case study
Authors: Wangdi Rinchen , Sharma Deepen , Dorji Tshewang , Chophel Tenzin , Tobgay Ugyen
Published: April 2022

Protective devices are employed to monitor and isolate the faulty equipment whenever faults occur in the power system. In the generator protection system, a conventional stator earth fault protection, which is based on residual over voltage (aka neutral voltage displacement) principle, is observed to be inadequate. The paper thus, discusses on how helpful a modern approach of 100% stator earth fault protection scheme is, and proven effective in generator G- 4 of Chhukha Hydropower Plant (CHP). Also, to assess the health of stator windings, insulation resistance (IR) measurement is the foremost test that needs to be performed to qualify for go- ahead with other insulation tests. HV DC ramp and tan ẟ tests are not uncommon as the tests have been proven useful in evaluating the condition of the groundwall insulation of stator coils. Therefore, this paper also illustrates on investigation and analysis of the test results obtained for a bar, suspected to have groundwall insulation breakdown, due to a number of factors. The test results obtained are compared with that of the other test specimens.