bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilimsel İletişimin Zamana Göre Değişimi: Bir Atıf Analizi Çalışması
Authors: Özenç Uçak Nazan , Al Umut
Published: November 2020

Bu makalede bilimsel iletişimin zaman içinde gösterdiği değişim üzerinde durulmaktadır. Bu amaçla Hacettepe Üniversitesinde 1968-2007 yılları arasında sosyal bilimler, temel bilimler, mühendislik, sanat ve beşeri bilimler alanında yer alan 16 disiplinde tamamlanan tezlerin atıf analizi yapılmıştır. Tabakalı örneklemle seçilen 391 tez yıl, sayfa sayısı, atıf sayısı gibi bibliyometrik özelliklerine; bu tezlerde yer alan toplam 29.298 atıf yayın türü, yayının dili, yazar sayısı gibi özelliklerine göre incelenmiştir. Bu özelliklerin zaman içinde ne gibi farklılıklar gösterdiği araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca tezlerde yer alan atıfların dönemler itibariyle yaşlanma hızlarında bir farklılık olup olmadığına bakılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular onar yıllık dönemler altında değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, bilimsel iletişimde zaman içinde ortaya çıkan değişimin disiplinler arasında gösterdiği farklılıklar farklı başlıklar altında karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bilgi Liderliğinin Verimlilik Üzerine Etkisi: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Araştırma
Authors: Karahan Atilla
Published: November 2020

Bilgiyi sistematik bir biçimde yöneten ve katma değer elde eden işletmeler rekabet avantajı sağlayacak ve rekabeti karşılayacaktır. İşletmelerde bilginin elde edilmesi, saklanması, paylaşılması ve kullanılmasına, diğer bir deyişle bilgi yönetiminin etkin ve başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleşmesine etki eden faktörler bulunmaktadır. Araştırmanın temel amacı küresel ekonomide bilgi liderliğinin verimlilik üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışma, bilgiyi üretme ve kullanmada en başarılı örnekleri sergileyen araştırma hastanelerinde görev yapan yöneticiler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın kapsamına Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Isparta Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Konya Selçuk Üniversitesi, Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi ve Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi hastanelerinde görev yapan başhekimler, başhekim yardımcıları, hastane müdürleri, müdür yardımcıları, başhemşireler ve başhemşire yardımcılarından oluşan toplam 120 yönetici dahil edilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın sonucunda ise bilgi liderliğinin verimlilik üzerine olumlu etkisi olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Assessment of the lower urinary tract symptoms after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy: the behavior of voiding, storage and post micturition symptoms.
Authors: DA-CRUZ JOSE ARNALDO SHIOMI , FARIA SABRINA THALITA DOS REIS , FARIA LEANDRO FREITAS , PONTES-JUNIOR JOSÉ , SROUGI MIGUEL , NAHAS WILLIAM CARLOS , PASSEROTTI CARLO CARMARGO
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: despite being infrequent, urinary incontinence has a huge impact on the quality of life of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, even with the robotic-assisted technique. Objective: to assess the evolution of urinary symptoms from preoperative to 12 months after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Methods: data was collected from 998 patients who underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Demographic data, preoperative and postoperative information on patients were documented. The ICIQ and IPSS questionnaires were also applied preoperatively and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the operation. Results: Out of 998 patients, 257 correctly completed all questionnaires. The mean age of the patients was 60 ± 0.74 years. We found that the total IPSS increased initially and at 6 months after the operation, it was already lower than the initial preoperative value (7.76 at 6 months vs. 9.90 preoperative, p <0.001), being that questions regarding voiding symptoms were the first to improve followed by the questions regarding post micturition and storage symptoms. As for the ICIQ variables, there was an increase with radical prostatectomy and none of them returned to the preoperative level (p<0.001). Conclusions: robotic assisted radical prostatectomy causes, at first, a worsening of urinary symptoms in the lower tract with subsequent recovery. Recovery begins with voiding symptoms, followed by post micturition and storage symptoms. The symptoms assessed by the IPSS evolve to better parameters even than those of the preoperative period, while the symptoms of incontinence assessed by the ICIQ do not reach the preoperative levels in the studied interval.
PRÁTICAS SOCIODISCURSIVAS DE RESISTÊNCIA MOTIVADAS PELA ITERABILIDADE DE VIOLÊNCIAS: ANÁLISE DISCURSIVO-CRÍTICA DOS RELATOS DE HOMENS TRANS ESTUDANTES
Authors: Ribeiro Samuel de Sá , Gomes Maria Carmen Aires
Published: November 2020

RESUMO A partir dos relatos de homens trans estudantes de uma escola pública brasileira, analisamos as práticas sociodiscursivas de resistência produzidas por eles principalmente na esfera educacional, mas também no âmbito familiar. Para tanto, nossa pesquisa discursiva-etnográfica vincula-se teórica e metodologicamente à Análise de Discurso Crítica de vertente anglo-saxã, empreendida por Norman Fairclough e Lilie Chouliaraki, que tem propriedade transdisciplinar. A fim de produzir uma crítica-explanatória, articulamos a análise linguístico-discursiva dos dados semióticos aos Estudos de Gênero. Nas narrativas, observamos identificações e representações de práticas violentas que banalizam o reconhecimento e as necessidades particulares dos corpos trans estudantes promovendo opressões que emergem a partir da combinação de diferentes eixos da diferença, como o gênero e a raça. Essas interpelações violentas motivam esses agentes sociais a reagirem discursivamente em meio à vida social potencialmente cis-heteronormativas e normalizadora.
PESQUISAS, POLÍTICAS E PRÁTICAS EDUCACIONAIS EM CURSO: CONVERSA COM ANA PAULA DUBOC E LYNN MARIO MENEZES DE SOUZA SOBRE HETEROGENEIDADE E NORMATIVIDADE
Authors: Ferraz Daniel , Duboc Ana Paula , Souza Lynn Mario Menezes de
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Com a proposta de debater o tema “Entre a heterogeneidade e a normatividade: pesquisas, políticas e práticas educacionais em curso”, esta entrevista, conduzida junto aos professores doutores Ana Paula Duboc e Lynn Mario Menezes de Souza, ambos da Universidade de São Paulo, nos instigou ao debate sobre o conceito de normatividade transcendental, assim como as formas pelas quais ela vem se estabelecendo como regra em discursos políticos e educacionais, ensejando, desse modo, um retrocesso baseado em políticas neoconservadoras que almejam “endireitar a sociedade, por meio de políticas afeitas à ordem, ao consenso, à homogeneidade e ao universalismo”. Por outro lado, os entrevistados nos convidam a pensar que “dentro da normatividade há uma série de heterogeneidades, cada uma das quais tem a sua normatividade” e, portanto, a heterogeneidade é condição sine qua non de qualquer relação social. Esta entrevista, em forma de conversa, nos brinda com uma ampla discussão sobre linguagem, língua, políticas linguísticas e educacionais, letramentos, filosofia(s), decolonialidade, política nacional, e nos convida a uma “crítica de dentro para fora” por meio da provocação: “Qual a nossa parcela de responsabilidade como pesquisadores, como formadores de professores, como professores que estão na sala de aula, afeitos à orientação sociocultural e crítica?”.
O cotidiano, a quebrada e o sonho: a resistência pelo olhar na ação de um fotocoletivo
Authors: Palma Daniela
Published: November 2020

Resumo Este artigo propõe refletir sobre as possibilidades enunciativas de coletivos periféricos contemporâneos, com foco na experiência do DiCampana Foto Coletivo. Criado em São Paulo, em 2016, o coletivo de fotógrafos entende a sua ação na proposta de formar uma coleção de novas imagens que mostrem a periferia sem as lentes típicas que a emolduram em estereótipos pejorativos. Categorias fenomenológicas de tempo e espaço são acionadas no percurso metodológico na tentativa de compreender a formação de sonhos e memórias na fabulação fotográfica do cotidiano das quebradas. O movimento interpretativo final é o de ler a construção de um espaço biográfico para a periferia na ação política de criar uma imagística da “periferia olhada pela periferia”. A prática fotográfica e ativista é, assim, compreendida como prática de self, de composição individual e coletiva.
Efecto de los Parámetros de Proceso sobre las Propiedades Mecánicas de Uniones GMAW-Brazing de Acero DP 1000
Authors: Marconi César , Consigli Carlos , Castillo María José , Svoboda Hernán
Published: November 2020

Resumen: Los aceros de fase dual (DP) ofrecen una buena combinación de resistencia, conformabilidad y soldabilidad y son de gran aplicación en la industria automotriz. La incorporación de estos nuevos materiales exige el desarrollo de nuevos procedimientos de soldadura. Actualmente, es cada vez más utilizado el proceso Gas Metal Arc Welding - Brazing (GMAW-B), debido a su buen aspecto superficial y a la ausencia de fusión de los materiales a unir, lo que limita la degradación microestructural en los aceros tipo DP. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el efecto de los parámetros de soldadura GMAW-B sobre las características de las juntas soldadas en aceros DP. Se soldaron probetas de chapa acero DP de 1000 MPa de resistencia a la tracción. Se analizó el efecto del ángulo de trabajo, del aporte térmico a través de la velocidad de soldadura y el modo operativo. Sobre las probetas soldadas se determinaron los aspectos geométricos del depósito, la generación de defectos y la evolución microestructural a lo largo de la junta soldada. Se realizaron ensayos de arrancamiento por tracción y perfiles de microdureza. Al disminuir la velocidad de soldadura y con un ángulo de trabajo de 30º aumentaron las longitudes de mojado del material de aporte sobre las chapas de acero DP y consecuentemente mejoró la resistencia de la junta soldada. Con el modo pulsado mejoró sustancialmente el aspecto superficial de los cordones, las características geométricas y el mojado, determinando así la ocurrencia de la fractura fuera del cordón, en la zona afectada por el calor (ZAC). Se determinó una longitud crítica de mojado mínima sobre ambas chapas que produce que la fractura se ubique en ZAC y se maximice la carga de rotura. Se desarrolló un modelo simple que permite predecir la carga de rotura a partir de las dimensiones del cordón y las propiedades del material en las distintas zonas
Kinect Adventures versus physical exercise on depressive symptoms of older adults: A pilot study
Authors: Bacha Jéssica Maria Ribeiro , Gomes Gisele Cristine Vieira , Freitas Tatiana Beline de , Torriani-Pasin Camila , Lange Belinda , Pompeu José Eduardo
Published: November 2020

Abstract Introduction: Depressive and anxiety disorders are considered the main cause of emotional suffering and decrease of quality of life among older adults. It has been suggested that the practice of physical exercise can be a treatment option for anxiety and depression. Alternative approaches such serious games show promise for reducing depression symptoms. Objective: To compare the effect of virtual reality, in the form of commercially available interactive Kinect Adventures video games, compared to a standard physical exercise program on depressive symptoms of older adults. Method: This is a pilot study, parallel group, single-blind randomized controlled pilot trial that recruited two intervention groups: Interactive Video Game Kinect Adventures (IVG, n=8) versus usual physical exercise program (PEP, n=6). The two groups completed a seven week program with a total of fourteen 60-minute sessions divided into two sessions a week. The IVG completed individual training sessions using the Microsoft Xbox Kinect Adventures games and the PEP performed a group exercise program. Depression symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). This measure was assessed pre-intervention, post intervention and at 30-day follow-up. Results: There was a significant effect of assessment without group effect or interaction between factors, in the GDS-15 (RM-ANOVA, P < 0.0001). Both groups showed improvement in the GDS-15 post intervention assessment that was maintained after 30-day follow-up (Bonferroni post hoc test, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that both Interactive Kinect Adventures video games and physical exercise provide beneficial effects on depressive symptoms of older adults.
To Regulate or Not: A Social Dynamics Analysis of an Idealised AI Race
Authors: Han The Anh , Moniz Pereira Luis , Santos Francisco C. , Lenaerts Tom
Published: November 2020

Rapid technological advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), as well as the growing deployment of intelligent technologies in new application domains, have generated serious anxiety and a fear of missing out among different stake-holders, fostering a racing narrative. Whether real or not, the belief in such a race for domain supremacy through AI, can make it real simply from its consequences, as put forward by the Thomas theorem. These consequences may be negative, as racing for technological supremacy creates a complex ecology of choices that could push stake-holders to underestimate or even ignore ethical and safety procedures. As a consequence, different actors are urging to consider both the normative and social impact of these technological advancements, contemplating the use of the precautionary principle in AI innovation and research. Yet, given the breadth and depth of AI and its advances, it is difficult to assess which technology needs regulation and when. As there is no easy access to data describing this alleged AI race, theoretical models are necessary to understand its potential dynamics, allowing for the identification of when procedures need to be put in place to favour outcomes beneficial for all. We show that, next to the risks of setbacks and being reprimanded for unsafe behaviour, the time-scale in which domain supremacy can be achieved plays a crucial role. When this can be achieved in a short term, those who completely ignore the safety precautions are bound to win the race but at a cost to society, apparently requiring regulatory actions. Our analysis reveals that imposing regulations for all risk and timing conditions may not have the anticipated effect as only for specific conditions a dilemma arises between what is individually preferred and globally beneficial. Similar observations can be made for the long-term development case. Yet different from the short-term situation, conditions can be identified that require the promotion of risk-taking as opposed to compliance with safety regulations in order to improve social welfare. These results remain robust both when two or several actors are involved in the race and when collective rather than individual setbacks are produced by risk-taking behaviour. When defining codes of conduct and regulatory policies for applications of AI, a clear understanding of the time-scale of the race is thus required, as this may induce important non-trivial effects.

This article is part of the special track on AI and Society.
Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (IGHL) Injuries: A Case Series of Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging Findings and Arthroscopic Correlation
Authors: Glass Michael , Behzadpour Vafa , Peterson Jessica , Clark Lauren , Bell-Glenn Shelby , Ni Yonghui , Walter Carissa , Beteselassie Nebiyu
Published: November 2020

The inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) complex is commonly assessed by both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance (MR) arthrogram. Our study aimed to compare the accuracy of MR arthrogram compared to MRI using arthroscopic correlation as the gold standard. A retrospective review of cases reporting an IGHL injury was performed. 77 cases met inclusion criteria, while 5 had arthroscopic reports that directly confirmed or refuted the presence of IGHL injury. Two arthroscopic reports confirmed concordant IGHL injuries, while 3 arthroscopic reports mentioned discordant findings compared to MR. Interestingly, all three discordant cases involved MR arthrogram. Findings included soft tissue edema, fraying of the axillary pouch fibers, and cortical irregularity of the humeral neck. Of the two concordant cases, one was diagnosed by MRI, revealing an avulsion of the anterior band, while the second was diagnosed by MR arthrogram showing ill-defined anterior band fibers. Many cases involved rotator cuff or labral tears, which may have been the focus of care for providers, given their importance for shoulder stability. Additionally, a lack of diagnostic confidence in MR reports may have influenced surgeons in the degree to which they assessed the IGHL complex during arthroscopy. In conclusion, radiologists seemed more likely to make note of IGHL injuries when MR arthrograms were performed; meanwhile, all three discordant cases involved MR arthrogram reads. Therefore, additional larger studies are needed with arthroscopic correlation to better elucidate MR findings that confidently suggest injury to the IGHL complex, in order to avoid false positive radiology reports.
Intramedullary Tuberculoma of the Spinal Cord: A Case Report
Authors: Knobbe Kelsey , Gaines Melissa
Published: November 2020

Intramedullary tuberculoma (IMT) is a form of spinal tuberculosis which provides a challenge to the internist because there lacks clear diagnostic and treatment guidelines to date. Although rare, it should be included on the differential diagnosis of any patient who presents with progressively worsening symptoms of radiculopathy and a new spinal lesion on imaging. Traditional methods for detection of tuberculosis including tuberculosis spot test and the Ziehl-Neelsen stain have limited utility in diagnosing IMT. In this report, we describe the clinical course, diagnosis and treatment regimen of an adult male with intramedullary tuberculoma of the thoracic spinal cord
Mouse 2- Step Collagenase Liver Perfusion protocol v1
Authors: L Cheng Michael , Ma Xue-Zhong , Jiang Chao , McGilvray Ian , Macparland Sonya
Published: November 2020

Analyzing the mouse liver requires optimal cell recovery from the tissue in terms of quality (viability) and quantity. Harsh dissociation methods can damage fragile cell populations, resulting in low viability and difficulty in cell culture. We have developed a gentle surgical and enzymatic technique based on the two-step collagenase perfusion protocol for single-cell analysis and primary cell culture.
Konservasi Lahan Rawan Longsor di RW 9 Kelurahan Srondol Kulon, Kecamatan Banyumanik, Semarang
Authors: Kurniati Rina , Kurniawati Wakhidah , Dewi Diah Intan Kusumo , Ferawati Nur Azizah
Published: November 2020

Srondol Kulon adalah salah satu kelurahan di sebelah Selatan Kota Semarang. Terletak di DAS Kaligarang dengan karakteristik perbukitan membuat wilayah tersebut rentan terkena bencana tanah longsor. Selain itu, perubahan tata guna lahan dari hutan ke pemukiman memperbesar resiko terjadinya longsor. Salah satu wilayahnya, yaitu RW 9 Kelurahan Srondol Kulon dilalui oleh sesar regional Kota Semarang sehingga menjadikan kawasan ini sangat rentan terhadap pergerakan tanah. Keberadaan perumahan dengan tutupan lahan menggunakan perkerasan akan berdampak pada stabilitas lereng sehingga apabila terjadi pergerakan tanah dapat menimbulkan bencana. Di sisi lain, masyarakat belum memahami arti penting konservasi lahan pada kawasan rawan longsor. Oleh karena itu, perlu mengedukasi masyarakat tentang pentingnya konservasi lahan pada kawasan rawan longsor agar mereka dapat lebih peduli untuk menjaga lingkungan permukiman mereka. Pada jurnal ini akan dibahas mengenai potensi dan permasalahan kondisi fisik yang dimiliki oleh RW 9 Kelurahan sehingga dapat merekomendasikan langkah konservasi lahan yang memungkinkan dilakukan oleh masyarakat. Hasil dari penelitian ini akan dibuat dalam bentuk buku panduan konservasi yang mudah dipahami oleh masyarakat di RW 9 sehingga mereka dapat menerapkan cara konservasi lahan yang efektif untuk mencegah longsor.
KAJIAN ARSITEKTUR BIOMIMIKRI DALAM PERANCANGAN ROKAN HULU BUTTERFLY PARK AND CONSERVATION CENTER
Authors: Nasution Fery Azani , Aldy Pedia , Susilawaty Mira Dharma
Published: November 2020

Abstract: Rokan Hulu is a region that is rich in biodiversity, with natural tropical conditions making Rokan Hulu a suitable habitat for flora and fauna. One of them is butterfly fauna. There are various types of endemic butterflies preserved in the tourist area of Hapanasan Rokan Hulu which has an information center and butterfly breeding, which is one of the most visited tourist attractions in Rokan Hulu. The Rokan Hulu Butterfly Park and Conservation Center are a butterfly research and breeding facility that serves as a conservation area and educational activities, to provide updated information about butterflies for the public. By implementing Biomimicry Architecture, it is able to create a relationship between architecture and nature by implementing natural strategies into building designs. Through the concept of 'butterfly metamorphosis' and transformed with biomimicry architecture approach, this building has architectural qualities that can stimulate the life of the butterfly habitat and plants as source of food.Keywords: Biomimicry; Butterfly Park; Conservation Center Abstrak: Rokan Hulu merupakan daerah yang kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati yang sangat tinggi. Kabupaten ini memiliki keadaan alam yang beriklim tropis sehingga menjadikan Rokan Hulu sebagai habitat yang cocok untuk flora dan fauna salah satunya adalah fauna kupu-kupu. Terdapat berbagai macam jenis kupu-kupu endemik yang dilestarikan di kawasan wisata Hapanasan Rokan Hulu yang memiliki pusat informasi dan penangkaran kupu-kupu yang merupakan salah satu kawasan wisata yang paling banyak dikunjungi di Rokan Hulu. Rokan Hulu Butterfly Park and Conservation Centre merupakan wadah penelitian dan penangkaran kupu-kupu yang berfungsi sebagai ruang interaksi kegiatan konservasi dan edukasi, sehingga dapat memberikan informasi mengenai kehidupan kupu-kupu kepada masyarakat. Dengan implementasi Arsitektur Biomimikri, pendekatan arsitektur ini mampu menciptakan hubungan antara arsitektur dan alam dengan mengaplikasikan strategi alam ke dalam rancangan bangunan. Melalui konsep ‘metamorphosis kupu-kupu’ dan ditransformasikan dengan pendekatan arsitektur biomimikri bangunan ini memiliki kualitas arsitektur yang dapat menstimulasi kehidupan habitat kupu-kupu dan tanaman yang menjadi sumber makanannya.Kata Kunci: Biomimikri; Butterfly Park; Conservation Center
Kajian Aspek Autentisitas dan Lokalitas pada Starbucks Reserve Dewata
Authors: Fathona Desti Dwi , Haristianti Vika
Published: November 2020

Starbucks Reserve merupakan outlet Starbucks yang menyajikan kopi, menu, serta suasana yang lebih spesial kepada pengunjungnya dibandingkan outlet Starbucks pada umumnya. Dalam menciptakan suasana yang spesial tersebut, Starbucks selalu memunculkan aspek autentisitas  dan lokalitas sehingga masing-masing outlet Starbucks Reserve memiliki keunikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana lokalitas dari suatu tempat dengan autentisitas dari sebuah brand dapat mempengaruhi elemen interior sehingga dapat memberikan dampak positif bagi brand tersebut. Objek penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Starbucks Reserve Dewata. Sedangkan Starbucks Reserve Roastery Tokyo dan Starbucks Reserve Roastery New York merupakan objek pembanding. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode kajian literatur dan observasi tidak langsung. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis sehingga didapat kesimpulan bahwa aspek lokalitas memegang peranan penting dalam membangun store atmosphere yang unik di ketiga Starbucks Reserve. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena masing-masing lokasi atau daerah di mana outlet tersebut berada memiliki karakteristik tersendiri yang dipengaruhi oleh banyak aspek, misalnya sejarah, budaya, faktor geografis, dan lain-lain.
Correlation Between Female Identity in Civil Society and Criminal Repression in Hungary and Russia
Authors: Tihanyi Miklós , Mátyás Szabolcs , Vári Vince , Krasnova Kristina , Volkova Maria
Published: November 2020

Exploring data on recidivism in Hungary and Russia, the authors study the presence gender dimension of crime prevention. We agree with the assertion that crimes are predominantly committed by males but they believe that theoretical hypotheses developed by criminologists through the examples of men’s crimes cannot be transferred to women by default. Feminist criminology deals with the relationship of female identity in Russian society and crime, above all, recidivism. Analysis of data on the state of crime in Russia shows that, despite the general positive dynamics of its decrease, the rate of recidivism remains at a high level. In Hungary rates of repetition of offences committed by women are also rising. The aim of the study is to analyze the causes and conditions of female recidivism through the prism of the socio-psychological concept of crime causality. The novelty of the study is expressed in establishing the asymmetry of the criminal policy towards women, who, due to their conformity, are more prone to manifestations of repeated deviation. The authors conclude that the intense increase in recidivism is evidence of the ineffectiveness of the criminal, prison and preventive policies.
Inﬂuence of National Legal Regulations on the Development of the Level of Sanitary and Epidemiological Safety in Poland
Authors: Czechowicz Sebastian
Published: November 2020

Safety regulations are often highly general. They are a kind of idea addressed to the state authorities responsible for protecting an individual and shaping the level of a given security category. Sanitary and epidemiological safety is an extremely peculiar category of safety. Its policy will be to prevent the spread of infectious diseases among humans and animals and to ensure – through legal regulations and then appropriate action – improvement of sanitary conditions. The activities in this area are in a sovereign and inertia form, relying mainly on control and preventive actions. The considerations will revolve around legal measures aimed at guaranteeing sanitary and epidemiological safety. Current legal regulations affecting the level of this safety category will be analysed. Moreover, within the framework of this article, the sanitary condition of Poland will be presented in a comparative perspective for the years 2016–2018. The basis for consideration will be the reports of the Chief Sanitary Inspector on the sanitary condition of the country in a given year. This paper introduces graphs showing the presented data obtained from the survey of respondents. Legal measures have been analyzed from the point of view of their effectiveness and legitimacy of their existence in the legal reality.
NUEVOS HORIZONTES EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE KAWASAKI
Authors: Guerrero Varticovsky Ana Valeria , Muñoz Otero Cristina , Benítez Cardoza María Clara
Published: November 2020

La enfermedad de Kawasaki, es una vasculitis auto limitada que afecta principalmente a niños pequeños; Es la segunda causa más común de vasculitis en menores de 5 años. La enfermedad se caracteriza por la presencia de un criterio mayor, el cual es la fiebre mayor o igual a 5 días y la presencia de ≥4 de las 5 características clínicas principales. Esta revisión está enfocada en la actualización sobre el manejo médico de la enfermedad, sin abordar el manejo quirúrgico de los aneurismas coronarios.
Tutors’ and Multilingual Writers’ Narrative Framing of Writing Center Visits
Authors: Anderson Salena
Published: November 2020

This study explores how first-year multilingual writers in a classroom community make sense of their first university writing center visits. Employing narrative analysis of student journals, this study illustrates differences in themes writers discuss in their narratives of first writing center visits and themes in self-reflections on their writing. Comparing narratives in student journals and tutor report forms, this study also presents the congruities and discrepancies between writer and tutor views of a session. Writer emphasis on grammar when narrating writing center visits contrasts with writer emphasis on development in self-reflections on their writing. When tutor and writer session descriptions differ, tutors emphasize discussion of development and organization while writers emphasize sentence-level accuracy. Without scaffolding of strategies for writing center use, first-year multilingual writers may privilege sentence-level feedback in their early understanding of the writing center, resulting in a more limited experience of writing center support.
Code-switching Between English and Russian with Russian Heritage Speakers, Born and Raised in Russian-speaking Families in the USA
Authors: Kuleshova Deliya
Published: November 2020

Code-switching is one of the major areas in the field of Bilingualism. Code-switching describes the processes of switching between languages among those who know and speak more than one language. This article will analyze the code-switching between Russian and English in Russian heritage speakers. They are first year students at a large Midwestern university, born in the U.S. to Russian-speaking parents. They have been taking university Russian classes for two semesters. The students were asked to record two five-minute dialogues with their parents who also speak Russian and English. There was neither instruction to use solely Russian, nor the use of English was prohibited. The goal of the research was to count and analyze the instances of code-switching between Russian and English, and prove or reject the hypothesis that there would be fewer code-switching instances in the dialogue devoted to a family holiday versus the dialogue devoted to university classes. The dialogue topics were furnished beforehand, however, no preparation was asked. The speech was asked to be spontaneous and natural. The findings proved the hypothesis that code-switching instances in the first dialogue were less frequent, so the students were mainly using only one language - Russian - without switching to English very often. The second dialogue revealed more code-switching instances as was initially supposed. Conclusions and directions for future research are presented.
Language, Culture, and Identity Development in Adolescence: A Case Study of a Sixteen-Year-Old Multilingual Boy
Authors: Han Jung , Park Hyeong Kyun
Published: November 2020

A language learner has a complex social identity, which should be understood in a larger social context and interactions. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between language and identity development through narrative inquiry. The participant of this case study is a sixteen-year-old Korean boy who speaks three languages and has been educated in the United States from kindergarten to high school.  The results indicate that the child, who was exposed to multiple languages and raised by a family of immigrants, identifies himself in between different languages and cultures. Additionally, the linguistic and cultural identity of the participant was found to have influenced his heritage language maintenance. Finally, it was found that socio-cultural awareness of linguistic and cultural diversity impacted his multilingual competency during his adolescence.
The Role of the Imam in Leading American Mosques
Authors: Ederer John
Published: November 2020

Across the country, American mosques are struggling with dwindling attendance and/or stagnancy. The causes generally come back to four interconnected points: a lack of governing principles, the politics of control by personalities, little focus on social integration, and a scarcity of properly trained and empowered imams. The imam, the community’s leading inspirational motivating force, is governed by scripture and both supported as well as held accountable by a community rooted in scriptural values. These values are a broad realm of massive differences subject to an array of cultures that can be a cause for division.
Given this reality, Muslims must establish a mission, vision, and core value system for a clear cohesive divinely guided community. This system must priori-tize the community’s relevant needs with a strong focus on the big picture of Islam as it relates to the broader society. The administrative management of mosques should support their imam to lead them accordingly.
Potential effects of TPX2 in clinicopathologic features, prognosis and metastasis of gastric cancer patients
Authors: Han Jiafu , G Dong Richard
Published: November 2020

The over expression of the microtubule-associated protein TPX2 was significantly involved in the progression of many types solid malignancy, and its overexpression is associated with poor clinical outcome. However, it is still unknown the association of TPX2 expression with the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The expression of TPX2 was determined by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in gastric tissues after surgery. The association of TPX2 with clinicopathologic features, prognosis and metastasis was analysed. TPX2 expression was elevated in gastric cancer tissues compared with matched adjacent noncancerous tissues, and TPX2 expression was closely associated with tumor stage and lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that high TPX2 expression was significantly associated with worse overall survival and metastasis free survival (P=0.0025). Our results suggest that TPX2 is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients and further study needs in the future to determine TPX2 may represent a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for the gastric cancer.
Ivabradine for Treatment of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Babushkina G. V. , Shaikhlislamova G. I.
Published: November 2020

Aim      To evaluate the effect of combination ivabradine-containing therapy for chronic heart failure (CHF) with preserved ejection fraction on quality of life (QoL) and the primary composite endpoint during a one-year follow-up.

Material and methods  This study included 160 patients aged 45 to 65 years with NYHA functional class (FC) II-III CHF with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (CHF-PEF) and grade I and II diastolic dysfunction associated with FC III stable angina with sinus rhythm and a heart rate (HR) higher than 70 bpm. Presence of CHF-PEF was confirmed by results of echocardiography and myocardial tissue Doppler imaging. During one year of prospective observation, effects of bisoprolol and ivabradine as a part of the combination therapy on the primary composite endpoint, including death from cardiovascular complications (CVC) and hospitalizations for myocardial infarction (MI) or CHF, were evaluated in patients with CHF-PEF. Patients were randomized to three groups: A, bisoprolol with dose titration from 2.5 to 10 mg; В, combination of bisoprolol 2.5-10 mg and ivabradine 10-15 mg/day; and С, ivabradine 10-15 mg/day. All patients were on a chronic background therapy, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (lisinopril) or, if not tolerated, angiotensin II receptor blockers (valsartan), antiaggregants, statins (atorvastatin, rosuvastatin), and short-acting nitrates as required. If edema developed diuretics were added. The follow-up duration was one year.

Results After 12 weeks of follow-up, the achievement of goal HR in group A was associated with a tendency to increased distance in the 6-min walk test from 279±19 to 341±21 m (р>0,05); in group B the distance increased from 243±25 to 319±29 m (р<0.05); and in group C the distance increased from 268±21 to 323±22 m (р<0.05). In the combination ivabradine and bisoprolol treatment group, results of the 24-h electrocardiogram monitoring showed a more pronounced anti-ischemic effect associated with a decrease in the number of myocardial ischemic episodes (p<0.05). QoL was evaluated with the Minnesota questionnaire against the background of treatment. At 12 weeks of observation, the total score decreased from 44.5±2.6 to 38.4±2.1 in group A; from 45±2.9 to 38±2.2 in group B; and from 50.9±3.2 to 42.7±2.8 in group C (р<0.05). The risk of acute MI and repeated hospitalization for CHF during the year of observation, as evaluated according to the Kaplan-Meier method, decreased in both bisoprolol and ivabradine combination treatment groups.

Conclusion      The inclusion of bisoprolol and ivabradine into the background therapy of CHF-PEF patients with stable IHD provided an improvement of QoL and a decrease in the risk of hospitalization for acute MI and CHF during the year of observation.
ULUSLARARASI TİCARET VE LOJİSTİK ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ: G20 ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KORKUT Yasemin , YAVUZ Sema , ZEREN Feyyaz
Published: November 2020

Uluslararası ticaret ve lojistik arasındaki bağlantı, ticarete konu malların hızlı ve güvenilir bir şekilde taşınması ve depolanması ihtiyacından doğmaktadır. Lojistik faaliyetlerinin uluslararası ticaret işlemlerini kolaylaştırması ve uluslararası ticaretin de lojistik ekonomisini ve faaliyetlerini güçlendirmeye yardımcı olması sebebiyle bu iki sektör arasında karşılıklı bir ilişkiden söz edilebilir. Bu çalışma sektörler arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi ve hangi sektörün gelişiminin diğerinin gelişimine neden olduğunun farklı değişkenler baz alınarak belirlenmesi üzerine tasarlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda yapılan panel eşbütünleşme ve panel nedensellik analizleri ile çalışmanın lojistik yönü olan ülkelerin karayolları, demiryolları, havayolları ve denizyollarına yaptıkları altyapı harcamaları ve yine bu ülkelerin uluslararası ticaretini temsilen kullanılan cari işlemler dengesi verileri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre cari işlemler dengesi ve tüm altyapı harcamalarının uzun dönemde birlikte hareket ettiği belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan demiryolu altyapı harcamaları ile cari işlemler dengesi arasında çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiş ve cari işlemler dengesinden karayolu altyapı harcamalarına doğru ise tek yönlü bir nedensellik söz konusudur.
Assessment of prevalence of anemia and study of anemic patients in population of Nanded district
Authors: Barbind Sarang Renikadasrao , Hambire Dattatraya Narayanrao
Published: November 2020

Background: Anemia is one of the most common health problems in India. Understanding the variations among the prevalence of anemia between population groups in this large and heterogeneous country is crucial to inform relevant health policy and health service interventions. The present study was conducted to assess prevalence of anemia in the population of Nanded district, Maharashtra.Methods: All subjects between 13-70 years of age were enrolled in the study for screening of prevalence of anemia. Under complete aseptic conditions, 10 ml of blood was withdrawn from antecubital vein and 2 ml was used for complete blood count estimation and for further blood investigations as necessary. Various hematological parameters were tested in correlation to history and clinical examination of the patients. All data thus obtained was arranged in tabulated form and analyzed using SPSS software.Results: There were a total of 2190 subjects evaluated, out of these 560 were anemic and 1630 were non-anemic. Out of 560 anemic subjects, 420 were of female gender and remaining 140 were male. The mean iron levels were 64±34 μg/dl. The mean screen ferritin levels were 201±183 ng/dl.Conclusions: There were 26% of subjects in our study who were anemic, and majority of them were females Although, Iron deficiency anemia revealed as a most common type of anemia, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies also contributed significantly to nutritional anemias. The disease widely occurs and affects mostly children of growing age, females in reproductive ages and elderly population.
Study of hematological and biochemical parameters in a cohort of Indian COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Agrawal Abhishek , Tyagi Princy , Mahavar Sunil , Banerjee Subrata , Sharma Raman , Bhandhari Sudhir , Keswani Prakash
Published: November 2020

Background: In this study authors retrospectively analyzed the record of 102 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection to determine factors associated with severity of disease.  Methods: Clinical, biochemical, radiological and hematological profiles of 102 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 RNA testing were obtained and analyzed.  Results: A total of 102 patients were enrolled, with median age of patients of 32.5 years (range 10-85 years), of which 83.3% (85/102) were asymptomatic and 16.67% (17/102) symptomatic. Eighteen (17.6%) patients had co-existing illnesses. Clinical spectrum among COVID-19 patients varied from being asymptomatic to having symptoms like fever, dry cough, breathlessness with few progressing to respiratory failure and multi-organ failure. In our study, 97.05% (99/102) recovered while 2.94% (3/102) died. Mean age, total leucocyte count (TLC), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of severely ill patients were significantly higher than those of patients with non-severe illness.Conclusions: Elevated NLR, TLC, PLR, LDH and lymphopenia were seen in the symptomatic patients especially manifesting severe disease. Early intervention and periodic monitoring of these parameters in patients, especially with severe disease may help in improving disease outcome.
Association between obstructive sleep apnea and comorbidities in adult patients
Authors: Srivastava Govind Narayan , Sharma Deepanjali , Sharma Mrityunjay , Jain Aiyush
Published: November 2020

Background: With the emergence of lifestyle diseases in epidemic proportions in developing nations like India, Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is increasing consistently. OSA brings many adverse consequences, such as systemic hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, behavioral changes and many other comorbid conditions.  Methods: This is a prospective study of 46 polysomnography proven patients with OSA apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5/h. The study period was from 1st October, 2017 to 31st March, 2019. Subjects were divided into three subgroups according to AHI: mild OSAS: 5<AHI<15, moderate OSAS: 15<AHI<30 and severe OSAS: AHI >30. The patients were thoroughly examined and evaluated for associated comorbidities.  Results: We evaluated 25 men and 21 women with OSA, mean age of 57.7 years (range 30–86). Average weight and body mass index (BMI) of the patients were 86.1 kg (range 65-132) and 33.1 kg/m2 (range 25-46.9) respectively. On evaluation of comorbidities hypertension was on the top 30 (65%) followed by obesity 28 (61%), left ventricular hypertrophy 23 (50%), diabetes mellitus 21 (46%), dyslipidemia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 12 (26%) each. Total no. of comorbidities and multiple comorbidities in a single patient were highest in severe OSA group.Conclusions: OSA predominantly affects middle-aged (>55 years) individuals who are overweight with many having high neck circumference. There is statistically significant positive correlation between AHI and BMI and between number of comorbidities and severity of OSAS. Awareness regarding OSA among the general population and clinicians, wider availability of PSG studies will help in identifying and treating these patients.
The relationship between patients’ perception of nursing care and nursing attitudes towards patient privacy in gynecology clinics
Authors: Aksoy Meyreme , Akpinar Reva Balci
Published: November 2020

Background: Patient privacy is an important variable that affects patients’ satisfaction with their hospital experience and perception of quality of healthcare. This study aims to examine the relationship between the importance attached by nurses working in gynecology and obstetrics clinics to patient privacy and patients’ satisfaction with nursing care.

Methods: This descriptive study included nurses (n=48) and female patients (123) who agreed to participate in the study. The research data were collected using the ‘patient introductory form’ and the ‘patient perception of hospital experience with nursing care’ for the patients, and the ‘nurse introductory form’ and the ‘patient privacy scale’ for the nurses. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used for data evaluation.  

Results: The patients’ mean age was 30.93±8.28 years. Of them, 31.7% were primary school graduates and 81.3% were housewives. The nurses’ mean age and occupational experience was 31.60±8.76 and 11.17±8.93 years, respectively. 50.4% of the nurses had a bachelor’s degree. The patients’ mean score on the ‘patient perception of hospital experience with nursing care’ was found to be 63.04±11.09. The nurses’ mean score on the ‘Patient Privacy Scale’ was found to be 122.89±14.59. A positive relationship was found between nurses’ emphasis on patient privacy and patients’ perceptions of hospital experience with nursing care (r=0.34, p<0.05).

Conclusions: It was determined that nurses’ perception of patient privacy and patients’ satisfaction with nursing care were high; further, as nurses’ emphasis on patient privacy increases, patients’ perception of their hospital experience with nursing care is positively affected.
Plastic surgery in India in the era of COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Kumar Naveen
Published: November 2020

With rise in the number of cases of patients infected with the coronavirus and easing in the lockdown, there is a need to modify the practice of the plastic surgery in India that can ensure an effective patient care, minimum transmission of disease, better management of available resources and protection of health care personnel. A search was made on google search, pubmed search and cochrane library for the recommendations in the published literature using terms: plastic surgery, COVID-19, recommendations, guidelines, India. Guidelines were also searched and considered, provided by various Indian government agencies and international health organizations. There is a need to follow the set proposed guidelines and the recommendations in order to modify the clinical practice in the outpatient and preoperative settings along with the priority to be given to the emergent or traumatic conditions and reconstructive procedures in some malignant conditions. Otherwise it is judicious to postpone or delay the elective and the aesthetic procedure. With this article we can conclude that by modifying the current practices in plastic surgery and evidence based prioritization of cases we can ensure a balance between effective delivery of healthcare services and prevention of the exposure of healthcare personnel.
Ingestión de cuerpo extraño (batería de botón) con presentación atípica en el lactante. Reporte de caso y revisión de la bibliografía
Authors: Baños Rocha Lina Margarita , Ignorosa Arellano Karen Rubí , Quesada Tortoriello Ana Isabel , Cadena León José Francisco , Toro Monjaraz Erick Manuel , Zárate Mondragón Flora E. , Loredo Mayer Alejandro , Cervantes Bustamante Roberto , Ramírez Mayans Jaime Alfonso
Published: November 2020

ANTECEDENTES: El estridor es un sonido respiratorio, de tono alto, generado por el flujo turbulento de aire a través de una vía aérea estrecha, con diagnóstico diferencial que incluye procesos infecciosos y no infecciosos, incluida la ingestión de cuerpos extraños.CASO CLÍNICO: Lactante de 11 meses de edad, previamente sano, con estridor súbito y rechazo de la alimentación de 5 días de evolución. Recibió 2 esquemas antimicrobianos sin mejoría, de manera fortuita se detectó, en la radiografia de tórax, un objeto redondeado, radiopaco, localizado en el tercio superior del esófago. Por vía endoscópica se extrajo un cuerpo extraño, tipo pila de botón, que dejó una lesión ulcerada con áreas de necrosis (Zargar IIB). Se trató con antibióticos de amplio espectro, esteroides y nutrición parenteral. Su evolución fue satisfactoria, sin complicaciones. En la endoscopia de control a las 6 semanas se advirtió una cicatriz en la zona afectada.CONCLUSIONES: El estridor agudo y la tos acompañados de manifestaciones gastrointestinales: vómito y rechazo a la alimentación en lactantes y preescolares sin antecedente de infección, obligan a descartar la existencia de cuerpos extraños y a practicar estudios de extensión y extracción endoscópica oportuna, sobre todo en el caso de las baterías de botón.