bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment Failure in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients Referred to the School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences During 2008–2017
Authors: Kakooei Zahra , Hajjaran Homa , Akhoundi Behnaz , Charehdar Sorour , Elikaee Samira , Shafeghat Zahra , Hassanpour Hamid , Taghi Satvat Mohammad , Kazemi-Rad Elham , Mohebali Mehdi
Published: January 2021

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector borne disease predominantly found in tropical and subtropical countries, including Iran. For more than 6 decades, pentavalent antimonials have been used successfully worldwide for the treatment of leishmaniasis, but over the past few years, clinical resistance to these medications has increased. In this study, we evaluated CL patients who did not show any desirable responses to the anti-leishmanial treatment within a 10- year period (2008 to 2017).
Methods: All patients from different parts of Iran suspected of having cutaneous leishmaniasis, who were referred to the laboratory of leishmaniosis in Tehran University of Medical Sciences from 2008–2017 were parasitological examined.
Results: During this period, a total of 1480 suspected CL patients were referred to the laboratory of leishmaniosis. Samples from 655 patients (70.8%) suspected of having CL were positive microscopically. The failure rate in patients treated with anti-leishmaniasis medications for a minimum of three complete treatment periods was 1.83% (12 cases). There was no association between the number and size of skin lesions and patient characteristics. Also, the route of drug administration had no significant effect on the number and size of lesions.
Conclusion: In the present study, treatment failure was found in some confirmed CL patients treated with meglumine antimoniate. Over the past few years, it seems that had been increased in resistance to these medications. So, a review of the correct implementation of the treatment protocol and/or a combination therapy may be helpful in preventing an increase in the rate of treatment failure.
THE SOCIAL VIOLENCE AND REGIME CHANGES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Shalihin Nurus , Firdaus  , Sholihin Muhammad , Ashadi Andri
Published: January 2021

Purpose of the study: This paper aims to explain social violence during the transition of three regimes in Indonesia, from the Old Order to the New Order and from the New Order to the Reformation. This paper also analyzes the motives behind the violence at each transition of the regimes.

Methodology: The research was conducted through a literature study by examining media documents, magazines, research reports, scientific articles, and books on various social violence practices in every three regimes in Indonesia.

Main Findings: The result of the study found that the social violence in Indonesia has occurred in various forms and motives. Five types of social violence have been identified, communal violence, separatist violence, state-community violence, industrial relations violence, and political violence. The social violence has used as a tool to silence the past and carry out political propaganda by elites and to gain the power by opposition. Thus, it argues that all social violence practices are constructed by various interests of the regimes and anti-regimes.

Applications of this study: This study provides a mapping of violence in every political and regime transition in Indonesia. Thus, this study can be applied for two important issues. First, this study can be used as reference in anticipating political violence in the national and regional election process in Indonesia in particular, and other countries in general. Second, for developing countries, this study can be used as reference as reference in mapping and analyzing various social violence practices that accompany the transition process.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The recent studies of violence in Indonesia covered the issues of religious, ethnic, economic and political violence. There are limited studies violence and democracy transition in Indonesia and it’s relation to political regimes. This article focuses on violence and its relationship with the political regimes and regime’s changes in Indonesia.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitory Effects of Medicinal Plants in Management of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: EGE Tuba , ŞELİMEN Hayriye
Published: January 2021

Alzheimer's disease is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder that effects large population of society especially elderly people. Environmental and/or genetic factors contribute Alzheimer's disease to become a pivotal health problem but this relationship remains ambiguous. Globally growing prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease requires to understand cellular pathways that lead to Alzheimer’s disease and to develop new strategies for prevention and treatment. Elevated monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes activity with ages is associated with etiology of Alzheimer's disease. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase enzyme can protect from neuronal damage, thus it become one of the key pathway for management of Alzheimer’s disease. Using bioactive compounds from medicinal plants as potential monoamine oxidase inhibitors might be a better solution considering undesired side effects of synthetic drugs on human body. The purpose of this review is to implicate the importance of pharmacophore analysis which explains pharmacological properties of medicinal plants and interaction of bioactive compound from plants with MAO enzyme.
El deber de mitigar el daño a la integridad personal. Un análisis jurídico económico
Authors: Cely León Jorge Enrique
Published: January 2021

Este documento tiene el objetivo de realizar un análisis jurídico económico para el problema que plantea el deber de mitigar el daño a la integridad personal. De este modo, en un primer momento, este trabajo se ocupará de establecer la dogmática que explica a la figura de la mitigación del daño dentro del Derecho de la Responsabilidad Extracontractual, haciendo un énfasis en la perspectiva del Derecho Constitucional y del Derecho Civil. Luego, en un segundo punto, se aplicará el Análisis Económico del Derecho con el objetivo de dirimir el debate teórico que, en términos jurídicos, plantea la mitigación del daño a la integridad personal. Así las cosas, el presente estudio permitirá analizar la tensión de derechos que genera la mitigación del daño y el principio de la inviolabilidad del cuerpo humano.
Zabezpieczenie społeczne osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce na tle państw Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Organiściak-Krzykowska Anna , Wiśniewski Tomasz
Published: January 2021

Celem artykułu jest klasyfikacja systemów zabezpieczenia społecznego osób niepełnosprawnych w państwach Unii Europejskiej z uwzględnieniem polskiego systemu zabezpieczenia społecznego na tle krajów Wspólnoty. Do oceny wykorzystano wybrane wskaźniki ekonomiczne, takie jak: udział wydatków na osoby z niepełnosprawnością w ogóle wydatków socjalnych i PKB państwa oraz wydatki na osoby niepełnosprawne per capita. Analizy wybranych państw dokonano głównie na podstawie dokumentów opublikowanych przez Komisję Europejską. Zakres czasowy badań to lata 2009–2016. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej klasyfikacji stwierdzono, że polski system zabezpieczenia społecznego zalicza się do średnio zaawansowanych. Do państw z wysoko rozwiniętym systemem zabezpieczenia społecznego osób niepełnosprawnych zaliczono między innymi kraje skandynawskie (Dania, Szwecja, Finlandia). Do państw z nisko zaawansowanym systemem zabezpieczenia społecznego osób niepełnosprawnych zaliczono między innymi Maltę i Cypr.
Inter‑Municipal Cooperation in Education as a Possible Remedy for Current Difficulties of Local Government in Poland
Authors: Kaczyńska Aneta
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this article is to fill the existing gap and contribute to the literature in two ways: firstly, by investigating problems that caused the emergence of cooperation between two municipalities despite the administrative border at the county level, and secondly, by analysing the effects of joint provision of public education based on a case study from Poland. The case study is preceded by the use of the literature review method. The problem of possible enhancement of inter‑municipal cooperation (IMC) in Poland is proposed as a potential remedy for current difficulties that Polish local governments face after the reform of the education system and the COVID–19 pandemic, as well as due to demographic decline and budgetary challenges. Studies suggest that net benefits of cooperating are higher if IMC partners are smaller and more homogenous with respect to the quality and level of public services. The theory of exploiting economies of scale and scope was studied based on the case study of a Polish inter‑municipal union created only to provide education in two municipalities. The cooperation resulted in little positive financial effects reflected in the lower spending per pupil only in the case of primary school. However, the union caused nonfinancial benefits not only for pupils but also for parents and teachers, who are voters as well. The article concludes that inter‑municipal unions could be used especially by small and rural municipalities that struggle with the previously mentioned problems.
Zastosowanie dynamicznych modeli panelowych w analizie determinant przestępczości w Polsce w latach 2005–2016
Authors: Gadomski Łukasz , Malaczewski Maciej
Published: January 2021

Celem niniejszego badania jest weryfikacja wpływu czynników zarówno ekonomicznych, jak i społecznych, mających wpływ na kształtowanie się przestępczości w Polsce. Dane wykorzystane w badaniu charakteryzują się częstotliwością roczną i prezentowane są w ramach przekroju wojewódzkiego. Przedział czasowy analizy obejmuje lata 2005–2016 z uwagi na ograniczenie dostępności danych. W ramach przeprowadzonych analiz dokonano weryfikacji istotności zmiennych: współczynnik feminizacji, inflacja, współczynniki urbanizacji oraz gęstości zaludnienia. Dodatkowo zdecydowano o uwzględnieniu w badaniu wskaźnika syntetycznego reprezentującego poziom jakości życia w regionie. Weryfikacja istotności wybranych zmiennych została przeprowadzona poprzez budowę modelu ekonometrycznego. Z uwagi na wykorzystanie danych panelowych oraz przekonanie autorów o występowaniu związku pomiędzy przeszłymi wartościami przestępczości a ich obecnymi realizacjami, zdecydowano się na wykorzystanie dynamicznych modeli panelowych (metoda FDGMM).
Soil salinity mapping utilizing sentinel-2 and neural networks
Authors: Morgan R.S. , El-Hady M. Abd , Rahim I.S.
Published: January 2021

Soil salinity is the most important soil property that affects the agriculture productivity. Periodical monitoring of its status is considered a crucial factor in the selection of appropriate agricultural practices to attain a sustainable production. The availability of remote sensing data processed by a somewhat novel method such as artificial neural networks (ANN) offer a potential solution that could easily and affordably replace the in-site monitoring methods. The aim of this work is to use high spectral resolution Sentinel-2 (S2) data for soil salinity prediction utilizing neural networks. The study evaluated three approaches in processing the S2 data for inclusion in the artificial neural network for soil salinity prediction. These approaches included S2 spectral reflectance data, spectral indices and principal component analysis (PCA) of the S2 data. The results revealed that a combination of these approaches including the reflectance data of band 11(shortwave infrared band) of S2, the normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) and the second PCA (dominated by the near infrared band) gave the best performance when used as input when designing the artificial neural networks to predict the soil salinity. The overall accuracy of this approach has a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.94 between the actual and predicted soil salinity.
Anatomical and physiological traits of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) seedling affected by salicylic acid and salt stress
Authors: Hasan M.A. , AL-Taweel S.K. , Alamrani H.A. , AL-Naqeeb M.A. , AL-Baldawwi M.H.K. , Hamza J.H.
Published: January 2021

A laboratory experiment was carried out at the College of Agriculture University of Baghdad in 2017. The aim was to improve the anatomical and physiological traits of broad bean seedling under salt stress by soaking it in salicylic acid. The concentrations of salicylic acid were 0, 10, and 20 mg L-1 and the electrical conductivity levels were 0, 3, and 6 dS m-1. The complete randomized design was used with four replications. The increasing of salicylic acid concentration up to 10 mg L-1 led to increasing the stem cortex thickness, stem vascular bundles thickness, and root cortex thickness significantly by (34.9,36.7,and 55 µm) respectively, while the treatment of 20 mg L-1 led to decreasing these traits by (28.2, 27.8, and 48.1 µm), compared to control treatment (33.8, 35.9, and 53.8 µm), respectively, and the interaction of studied factors led to increasing those traits up to 10 mg L-1 and then decreased up to 20 mg L-1 of salicylic acid under each level of electrical conductivity. Therefore, it is recommended to soak the broad been seeds with 10 mg L-1 salicylic acid to improve the anatomical traits of seedlings and increase their tolerance to salt stress up to 6 dS m-1.
Structural Changes in the Performance of Gum guar in India
Authors: Manjunatha N. , Lokesha H. , . jagrathi.b.deshmanya
Published: January 2021

Gum guar is an economically important pulse crop of Indian economy. Keeping the importance of gum guar production in to consideration the present study was undertaken to investigate the growth in gum guar area, production and productivity in India and along with peeping into the export trends of gum guar production from India. In order to fulfill the objectives of the study, secondary data on gum guar area, production, productivity and export scenario were obtained from various sources for India. The results of the study brought out that the total gum guar area, production and productivity of gum guar in India is positive with 5.30, 10.87 and 2.84 per cent, respectively from 2005-06 to 2014-15. Also, the export growth in volume and value terms is positive with 18.62 and 48.6 per cent during the same period. The increased export growth in gum guar is mainly attributed to its increasing demand from oil exploration and shale gas production in the world.
Agronomic management of lentil under relay cropping system
Authors: Mandi Sanjib Kumar , Reja Md Hasim , Kundu Milan Kanti , Maji Srijani , Nath Rajib , Das Sukanta , Sarker Ashutosh
Published: January 2021

A field experiment was conducted at District Seed Farm, Kalyani, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (22.97oN, 88.43oE, 9.75m MSL), Nadia, West Bengal, India during rabi season of 2014-16 to identify the optimum seed rate and variety for relay cropping with transplanted long duration kharif rice under changing onset of monsoon. The experiment was laid down in split plot design with three replications comprising of three lentil varieties (PL6, WBL 77 and NDL 1) in main plot and four seed rates (50, 60, 70 and 80 kg ha-1) in sub-plot. The varieties and seed rates significantly affected the plant population, pods per plant, biological and seed yield. The lentil variety PL 6 recorded highest seed yield (1446.8 kg ha-1) with the seed rate of 60 kg ha-1 followed by WBL 77 and NDL 1. Among the varieties PL6 recorded highest test weight (27.58 g) followed by NDL 1 (18.36 g) and WBL 77 (16.20 g). The variety PL 6 exhibited highest seed yield which was mainly attributed by the highest test weight of seeds along with moderate plant population m-2 and number of pods plant-1.
Diversity assessment of hulled barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions of ICARDA in Indian condition using cluster analysis
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Pratap Swati , Verma RP.S. , Tikle A.N. , Malik Rekha
Published: January 2021

A total of 310 Barley accessions collected from ICARDA, Lebanon and grown in Indian condition at ICARDA-IRP (India Research Platform), Amlaha, (M.P.) were analyzed for morphological and genetic variability using nine agro-morphological traits i.e. Plant height (cm), number of tillers per plant, days to heading, number of ear heads per pant, length of ear (cm), number of spikelets per earhead, number of grains per earhead, yield per plant (g), and 1000-grain weight (g). The highest coefficient of variation as a result of highest diversity among the genotypes were found for grains per earhead (37.5%), spikelets per earhead (37.5%), yield per plant (35.3%), tillers per plant (31.3%) and earhead per plant (31.2%). However, ear length (16.9%), days to heading (15.4%), 1000-grain weight (13.5%) and plant height (11.2%) have conributued less to diversity with lower cofficient of variation. In cluster analysis, all the characters were used to construct a distance matrix using the Euclidian coefficient, and used to generate dendrogram showing similarity among all the genotypes, distance coefficient ranged between 0 and 200 which reveal the genetic diversity among genotypes. These exotic accessions evaluated can be further used for primary or secondary introduction in Indian breeding program.
Genetic diversity studies for pod yield and nutrient uptake related traits in groundnut
Authors: Raza Mohammad , Sekhar M. Reddi , Priya M. Shanthi , Prasad T.N.V.K.V. , Rajarajeswari V.
Published: January 2021

Divergence analysis using Mahalanobis’s D2 statistics grouped 40 groundnut genotypes into eight clusters. The maximum inter-cluster distance was found between clusters II and VIII (D=183.23) followed by cluster VI and VIII indicating that the genotypes of these groups were highly divergent from each other. Among all the characters, pod yield per plant contributed the maximum to the diversity followed by leaf iron content (ppm) at 60 DAS, seed iron content (ppm) at maturity, seed calcium uptake (Kg ha-1) and seed calcium content (%) at maturity.The genotypes of above clusters revealed a substantial difference in the means for important yield contributing characters and form ideal parents for genetic improvement in groundnut.
Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan Senyawa Kuersetin dan Ekstrak Lengkuas Menggunakan HPLC dan UV-Vis
Authors: Cahyono Bambang , Prihatini Christiana Suci , Suzery Meiny , Bima Damar Nurwahyu
Published: January 2021

The radical scavenging activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) is generally carried out using a spectrophotometric method. In this study, the value of the antioxidant activity was compared to the HPLC method. Samples used were pure quercetin and extracts of red galangal (Alpinia purpurata) and white galangal (Alpinia galanga). Analysis of antioxidant activity using a UV/Vis spectrophotometer was carried out at a wavelength of 515 nm. Analysis by HPLC method was carried out using an inverse phase with a UV/Vis detector at 515 nm. The results showed that the radical scavenging activity (IC50) of the pure quercetin produced was nearly the same value for the spectrophotometric method (16.24 ppm) dan the HPLC method (15.24 ppm). Even though, the antioxidant activity of pure quercetin was different from the extract. The red galangal extract gave IC50 of 488.43±1.13 ppm (spectrophotometric method) and IC50 of 68.12±10.19 ppm (HPLC method). The radical scavenging activity (IC50) of white galangal extract using the spectrophotometric method and HPLC method was 462.47±2.98 and 62.17±3.87 ppm, respectively. The allegation of other molecular interference in the radical reduction of the extract resulted in a conclusion that the HPLC is better than the spectrophotometric method for determining antoxidant activity of extract sample. Keywords: Antioxidant, Alpinia purpurata, Alpinia galanga, DPPH  Aktivitas peredaman radikal 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) pada umumnya dilakukan menggunakan metode spektrofotometer. Dalam penelitian ini, nilai aktivitas antioksidan tersebut telah dibandingkan dengan metode HPLC. Sampel ujinya adalah senyawa kursetin murni dan ekstrak lengkuas merah (Alpinia purpurata) dan lengkuas putih (Alpinia galanga). Analisis aktivitas antioksidan dengan spektrofotometer UV/Vis dilakukan pada panjang gelombang 515 nm. Analisis dengan metode HPLC dilakukan menggunakan fasa inverse dengan detektor UV/Vis pada 515 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas peredaman radikal senyawa murni kuersetin menghasilkan nilai yang hampir sama untuk kedua metode yaitu IC50 sebesar 17,05 ppm untuk metode spektrofotometer dan IC50 sebesar 15,74 ppm untuk metode HPLC. Akan tetapi, nilai aktivitas antioksidan kuersetin jauh berbeda untuk ekstrak. Ekstrak lengkuas merah memberikan IC50 sebesar 488,43±1,13 ppm (metode spektrofotometer) dan 68,12±10,19 ppm (metode HPLC). Aktivitas peredaman radikal ekstrak lengkuas putih dengan metode spektrofotometer dan HPLC dengan IC50 sebesar 462,89±5,38 dan 62,17±3,87 ppm, berturut-turut. Dugaan adanya interferensi molekul lain dalam analisis peredaman radikal terhadap ekstrak ini menghasilkan suatu kesimpulan bahwa metode HPLC lebih baik digunakan dalam analisis antioksidan dibandingkan metode spektrofotometer untuk sampel berupa ekstrak. Kata kunci: Antioksidan, Alpinia purpurata, Alpinia galanga, DPPH
Pre-service teachers’ conceptual understanding of the standing wave concept
Authors: AYKUTLU Işıl , BEZEN Sevim , BAYRAK Celal
Published: January 2021

In this study, the aim is to determine pre-service teachers’ conceptual understanding of the standing wave concept. Pre-service teachers’ conceptual understanding of the standing wave concept was determined through the phenomenological pattern, and the aim was to lay bare how they made sense of this phenomenon, how they perceived and experienced it. The study was conducted with the participation of 13 pre-service teachers. One closed-end question was used to determine pre-service teachers’ demographic characteristic, and five open-ended questions were used to determine their conceptual understanding of the standing wave concept. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews conducted individually with the pre-service teachers. Because their answers varied, they were defined and analyzed through a new map with “Answer Sculptures.” At the end of the study, it was determined that pre-service teachers have issues with their conceptual understanding of the standing wave concept; they have incomplete and non-scientific information. It was also seen that only a couple of pre-service teachers have a complete understanding of the standing wave concept.
روايات المحدثين الإندونيسيين للأربعينيات (دراسة عن مؤلفات نووي البنتني ومحفوظ الترمسي ومختار بن عطارد).
Authors: Rasyid Daud
Published: January 2021

(Abstract)

This article analyzes hadith science works of Indonesian Muslim scholars. Being the largest Muslim country, Indonesian scholars who settled in al-Haramayn in 13th H, have more significant works than other Arab region scholars. One of it is Kitab “Arba`īn” that compiled forty ḥadīth about life. It has a simple style, easy to remember, unconvoluted, and does not contain different schools of thought. The era’s leading figures who wrote about the Arba`īn and its explanation (sharah) of famous scholar’s works, are Kiyai Nawawi from Banten, Kyai Mahfūzh from Termas, Mukhtar `Atorid from Bogor, Syekh Yasin from Padang. There is also the book Arba`īn on forty ḥadīth from forty books of forty sheikhs in forty cities. This study’s main data is collected from the works of Nawawi Banten on Imām Suyūti’s “Tanqīḥ qaul al-hathīth bi syaraḥ lubāb al-ḥadīth”.  In this article, the author also compares the mentioned scholar works with other similar woks then presented analysis based on the Ḥadīth knowledge.

Keywords : Narration, The Prophet saying, Ḥadīth Scholar, Indonesian `Ulamā, Arba`īn

 

 

 

ملخص : يتناول هذا المقال مؤلفات العلماء الإندونيسيين المفيمين ببلد الحرمين في القرن الثالث عشر من الهجرة ، في علم الحديث خاصة . كان لهم دور لا يقل عن دور علماء العرب حينذاك حيث كان لهم مؤلفات متميزة في فنون مختلفة وتنوعت مؤلفاتهم في الحديث منها تأليف الأربعينيات وهو جمع أربعين حديثا من مصادر مختلفة وموضوعات متنوعة. ولعل الهدف منه تسهيل المجتمع العام للرجوع إلى مصادر دينهم دون الخوض في الخلافات ، والتعصب المذهبي. وهذا النمط يساعد المبتدئين في التفقه في دينهم ، وكان أمثال نووي البنتني ، ومحفوظ الترمسي ومختار عطارد البوغوري وياسين الفاداني من بين الرموز المشهورة. ومن بين أعمالهم شرح الأربعين وجمع أربعين حديثا من أربعين كتابا من أربعين شيخا من أربعين بلدا. وكان مرجع هذا البحث مؤلفات هؤلاء مثل كتاب (تنقيح القول الحثيث شرح لباب الحديث للسيوطي) للنووي ، وكتابي (المنحة الخيرية) و(الخلعة الفكرية) للترمسي و(أربعين) مختار بن عطارد. وعمل الكاتب هنا مقارنة تلك المؤلفات بالمؤلفات المشابهة وشيئ من التحليل العلمي المناسب.

الكلمات المفتاحية : الروايات ، الحديث ، المحدثون ، الإندونيسيون ، الأربعين .
Intercultural Communication Life of Transnational Indonesian PhD Muslim Female Students in the US and Australia
Authors: Arifin Win Listyaningrum
Published: January 2021

This study aimed at investigating the intercultural communication life of Indonesian PhD Muslim female students in the USA and Australia as transnationals. They face not only the language hardship but also the newest environments challenge both in academic and social setting. Stereotype, stigmatization, discrimination, and other forms of oppressions appear in relation to their visual identity. Applying Stella Ting-Toomey’ Identity Negotiation Theory, the study is to answer questions: (1) How far is the influence of the intercultural communication of these students living in a country? and (2) To what extent does intercultural communication competence influence the success of these students? This study is a qualitative descriptive based on the video/audio or diary tape of the respondents in the USA and Australia. To sum up, the video/audio or diary tape revealed that the success of intercultural communication on the these Indonesian Phd Muslim women students is influenced by knowledge, motivation, and skill obtained from the challenges in daily experiences both in academic and social life. Later, those three elements are very essential components in the ‘mindful/effectiveness intercultural communication’. Those elements become competence for Indonesian PhD Muslim women students to form adaptive strategies to overcome their internal and external situation. The process of intercultural communication might be challenging. However, the competence reveal during their first year living in a new country will be solution in facing problems or minimizing difficult situations in future years ahead.
Hermeneutika Hadis tentang “ Hidupkan Saya Bersama Orang Miskin.” (Analisis Kualitas dan Sharh Hadis)
Authors: Siregar Khairil Ikhsan Siregar
Published: January 2021

Abstract

This article discusses the text of the hadith: "Hadith Turns Me With the Poor People" from the side of the hadiths and understands the hadith using the hermeneutic theory approach in the hadith. This research is research based on the library (library research). The approach used is descriptive qualitative which aims to describe or describe the existing or actual facts of the object under study. The results of this study indicate that the quality of the hadiths from the narrative path is dha'if (weak) based on the comments of hadith critics scholars in the books of al-jarh wa al-ta'dil and the hadith scholars conclusion that hadith dha'īf is not including false  it can be part of moralities. The real method of hermeneutics to explain hadith texts contributes to enriching the explanation of the explanation hadiths, or sharh hadiths, so the meaning of the hadith text is that the words of miskin( poverty), al-masakin(needy) mean humility, reverence, and humbleness. And the meaning of hadith has been strengthened by presenting other hadiths as witnesses or i'tibar(regard).

Keywords: hermeneutics, hadith, poor.

Abstrak

Artikel ini membahas teks hadits: “Hadits Hidupkan Saya Bersama Orang Miskin” dari sisi sanad/jalur periwayatan hadistnya dan memahami hadits dengan pendekatan teori hermeneutika dalam hadits. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif berdasarkan perpustakaan (library research). Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan atau menggambarkan kenyataan yang ada atau kenyataan aktual dari objek yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kulitas hadist dari jalur periwayatnya dha’if atau lemah berdasarkan komentar ulama kritikus hadits dalam kitab-kitab al-Jarh wa al-Ta’dil  dan simpulan ulama hadits  bahwa hadits dha’if  yang bukan  hadits palsu dapat dijadikan bagian dari fadha’il al-a’mal. Sesungguhnya metode hermeneutika untuk menjelaskan  teks-teks hdits memberi kontribusi memperkaya upaya penjelasan/ syarh  hadits/ teks hadits maka  makna teks hadits  bahwa  ucapan kemiskinan / miskinan , al-masakin  maknanya adalah kerendahan hati, ke_khusyu’-an dan tawadhu’. Dan makna hadits telah dikuatkan dengan menghadirkan hadits-hadits lain sebagai syaksi/i’tibar.

Kata Kunci:  hermeneutika, hadits, miskin
Konsep Tasawuf Abdurrahman Al-Tha’alibi dalam Tafsir Al-Jawa>hir Al-H{isa>n fi> Tafsi>r al-Qur’a>n
Authors: Fauzan Adim
Published: January 2021

This article discusses some of the Sufism concepts, al-walayah, al-khalwah, al-dhikr, al-tafakkur and al-tawakkal according to Al-Tha'alibi, Muslim scholar from Algeria in the 8th and 9th centuries in Tafsi>r Al-Jawa>hir al-H{isa>n fi> Tafsi>r al-Qur'a>n. Using the descriptive-analytic method, this literature study found that Al-Tha'alibi in his tafsir in interpreting the verses was influenced by Sufi scholars who supported the Sunni Sufi concept, namely the Sufi way of life guided by al- Qur`an, Hadith, and the journey of life of the Companions and Salaf al-Ummah. As a Sufi and 'a>lim fi> al-di>n, Al-Tha'alibi certainly practiced the Sufi life patterns according to what he believed, namely the Sunni Sufi which was different from the Sufi understanding practiced by the majority of the Algerian population at that time which was considered to have come out of many demands Islam. It is caused by political, economic, and social conditions that are unstable and have a significant impact on the religious life of the Algerian population, especially in the understanding and practice of Sufism.
Pembelajaran Al-Quran Berbasis Edutainment
Authors: Halim Abdul , Anggraeni Dewi , Fadhil Abdul
Published: January 2021

This study aims to develop learning media in the form of Tahfizh cards in the learning process of memorizing Al-Quran with an edutainment approach. Tahfizh card is a learning medium in the form of cards that discusses learning to memorize the Qur'an, especially the short letters listed in juz 30 in a fun way that is suitable for children. The method used in this research is a research and development method using the Hanafin and Peck models. The techniques used in data collection were observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that the Tahfizh Card game learning media obtained value through the validation of media experts and theorists with the "very good" category of 96%. The edutainment approach in the process of learning the Qur'an and memorizing the Qur'an is very helpful for students, where it is a fun element that makes them not overwhelmed in the memorization process.
Tiga Golongan Penghafal Al-qur’an Dalam Surah Fatir Ayat 32 Perspektif Adi Hidayat
Authors: Naviyah Salimatun Naviyah , Wahid Abd. Hamid
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini ialah sebagai suatu kajian yang sangat penting di pahami khususnya bagi para penghafal al-qur’an. Artikel ini membahas terkait golongan penghafal al-qur’an yang terdapat dalam al-qur’an surah Fatir ayat 32, khususnya menurut Adi Hidayat. Dengan latar pendidikan dan kehidupannya yang sejak kecil telah terdidik untuk mencintai al-qur’an, dakwah yang disampaikannya tak lepas dari kajian tentang penghafal al-qur’an. Penghafal al-qur’an adalah orang-orang pilihan Allah yang telah diberi anugerah untuk lebih dekat dengan al-qur’an dan amanah untuk menjaganya. Hasil akhir dari pembahasan ini ialah Adi Hidayat menyebutkan bahwa dalam al-qur’an terdapat tiga golongan penghafal al-qur’an, yakni Dzalimun Li Nafsih, Muqtashid, dan Sabiqun Bil Khairat. Dan Fakta yang pada masa ini ialah bahwa penghafal al-qur’an lebih terfokus dengan banyaknya hafalan dan lupa untuk memahami dan mentadabburi ayat yang dihafal, sehingga hafalan tersebut tidak membawa manfaat untuk dirinya. Kajian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian teks media dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriktif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan dokumentasi.
ANÁLISIS LINGÜÍSTICO DE LA JURISPRUDENCIA Y LA TRANSTEXTUALIDAD
Authors:   Universidad Sergio Arboleda, Guzmán Gómez Camilo , González Quintero Rodrigo , Sarmiento Lamus Andrés
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo de investigación busca demostrar la posibilidad epistemológica de aplicar métodos de análisis lingüístico al derecho y al estudio de la jurisprudencia, a través de la teoría de la transtextualidad de Gerard Genette. Por medio de este artículo se expone una adaptación de esta teoría para aplicarla al derecho. Lo que se pretende es establecer, de manera metódica, las relaciones que un texto jurídico o un fallo puede tener con otros textos para así poder entender el alcance de estos textos. Se propone igualmente una nueva metodología de la transtextualidad jurídica para un análisis global de un concepto o un análisis concreto de un caso. Por último, se dan dos ejemplos concretos de aplicación de esta teoría a través de la noción de efecto útil y a través del análisis de la decisión Didier del Consejo de Estado Francés.
LA POLÍTICA DEL EMPRENDIMIENTO NARANJA EN COLOMBIA, NUEVAS FORMAS DE CONTROL DE LA POBLACIÓN
Authors:   Universidad Libre, López Cortés Oscar Andrés , Moncada Prieto Víctor Manuel
Published: January 2021

Este artículo de investigación presenta un análisis de la política pública de emprendimiento en Colombia, la cual se ha enfocado durante los últimos años a la economía naranja. Con tal objetivo fueron analizadas leyes, documentos de política pública y mediciones de emprendimiento. Se argumenta que esta política pública no ha arrojado los resultados esperados, pero sí ha sido un elemento importante en la generación de una cultura emprendedora que se enfoca en la construcción del sujeto emprendedor. Se concluye que la cultura del emprendimiento propicia una narrativa épica que representa al emprendedor como héroe particular y paradigmático de su propia trayectoria, al tiempo que proyecta un estereotipo de sujeto hiperindividualista, ajeno a las condiciones materiales e históricas en las que vive.
EL INCREMENTO DEL RIESGO POR COVID-19 EN COLOMBIA A RAÍZ DEL ESTADO DE LA INFORMACIÓN PARA LA PREVENCIÓN DE DESASTRES TÉCNICAMENTE PREVISIBLES
Authors:   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Vásquez Santamaría Jorge Eduardo
Published: January 2021

El COVID-19 representa un incremento del riesgo. A partir de disposiciones jurídicas y políticas se hace preciso contar con elementos para su gestión, entre los cuales están los sistemas de información dispuestos por mandatos internacionales y nacionales. No obstante, su desactualización, desarticulación o inexistencia desencadena un incremento en el riesgo que parece agravarse en aquellos territorios en los que históricamente los sistemas de información llegaron a registrar altas afectaciones como consecuencia de desastres naturales. El trabajo se propone contrastar la funcionalidad de esos sistemas de información para la gestión del riesgo de desastres con las necesidades de la pandemia por COVID-19 en Colombia. Por medio de una investigación cualitativa que aplica la estrategia documental con un análisis de datos respaldado en la triangulación, inicialmente se ofrece una contextualización de la gestión del riesgo de desastres en el campo jurídico-político, se abordan los sistemas de información, y finalmente se contrasta la funcionalidad de estos en momentos de pandemia.
NUEVOS NACIONALISMOS: UNA RESPUESTA REPUBLICANA
Authors:   Universidad de La Sabana, Ramírez Sarmiento Diana María , Rojas González Cristian
Published: January 2021

Tras el drama del régimen nazi muchos intelectuales alemanes hicieron esfuerzos por repensar los cimientos de la comunidad política. El nacionalismo ya no era una respuesta adecuada para la unidad y mucho menos un blindaje frente a proyectos autoritarios o totalitarios. Jürgen Habermas y Leo Strauss coinciden en proponer una ciudadanía cualificada, que adhiera a principios democráticos supranacionales plasmados en la constitución. Hoy, el ascenso de nuevos nacionalismos sugiere redescubrir las respuestas de ambos autores, que pueden entenderse como propuestas republicanas inspiradas en tradiciones intelectuales distintas. En el presente artículo abordamos dos problemas concretos del nuevo populismo nacionalista: la subordinación de las garantías democráticas a la identidad nacional y la limitación de la sociedad política a los miembros de la nación.
Unsupervised Learning Through Generalized Mixture Model
Authors: Pal Samyajoy , Heumann Christian
Published: January 2021

A generalized way of building mixture models using different distributions is explored in this article. The EM algorithm is used with some modifications to accommodate different distributions within the same model. The model uses any point estimate available for the respective distributions to estimate the mixture components and model parameters. The study is focused on the application of mixture models in unsupervised learning problems, especially cluster analysis. The convenience of building mixture models using the generalized approach is further emphasised by appropriate examples, exploiting the well-known maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimates of the parameters of the parent distributions.
Transfixing abdominal gunshot wound without intra-abdominal lesions: A case report
Authors: Paul Axler Jean , Mele Nelle-Ange , Medeus Ricardo Arens Jean , Raphael Weber Erne Shooles , Aurelien Novensky
Published: January 2021

Background Abdominal gunshot trauma is considered the third leading cause of death in the USA and is responsible for more than 90% of deaths among young people aged 15 to 24. It leads to multi-systemic organ damage, shock, and infection. Case presentation A 20-year-old male alcohol and tobacco user with no relevant health history was admitted at Hôpital de l’Université d’Etat d’Haïti, in the emergency Surgery Department for an abdominal bullet wound. The initial clinical examination was unremarkable except for the presence of hemorrhagic lesions. A few hours later, the patient became diaphoretic, complained of abdominal pain. In view of his rapidly developing condition, he was prepared for the operating room. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, in which 100 cc of blood was found effusing into the abdominal cavity, without any intraperitoneal visceral damage. Systematic exploration showed retroperitoneal hematomas in zone II, where a wound in the psoas muscle was found on the posterior left, in the path of the exit wound of the projectile. Bone splinters were also present on the right in the path of the entrance wound, indicating a fracture of the iliac bone.Conclusion This case reminds us about the uncertain trajectory of projectiles in abdominal gunshot wounds and the possible lesions to which one is exposed, and that despite the apparent hemodynamic stability exploratory laparotomy still has its place where medical imaging technology is not available.
Social distancing in risk society: a cross-national analysis of policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hussain A H M Belayeth
Published: January 2021

Countries that implement strict policy measures to combat coronavirus contagion increase their probability of achieving successful social distancing practice when compared to the countries without such strict policies. I used Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) to perform regression models and show differences in social distancing efforts. I utilized 3,997 observations for 132 countries, drawn from the Oxford CGRT Stringency Index and Google Community Mobility data. The results show that people’s community mobility to various locations has flattened significantly as policy measures become stricter. I considered the current underlying health situation to be symptomatic of a risk society and argued that policy interventions’ effectiveness in response to COVID-19 depends on political leaders, public health authorities, and institutions’ credibility. Political rhetoric, politically motivated scientific solutions, and political downplaying of the underlying health implications weaken the responsible organizations and institutions, particularly when political leaders undermine inclusive stringent policies and their implementation.
Behavioral coping phenotypes and psychosocial outcomes in a national U.S. sample of pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Werchan Denise , Hendrix Cassandra , Ablow Jennifer , Amstadter Ananda , Austin Autumn , Babineau Vanessa , Bogat G , Cioffredi Leigh , Conradt Elizabeth , Crowell Sheila , Dumitriu Dani , Fifer William , Firestein Morgan , Gao Wei , Gotlib Ian , Graham Alice , Gregory Kimberly , Gustafsson Hanna , Havens Kathryn , Howell Brittany , Humphreys Kathryn , King Lucy , Kinser Patricia , Krans Elizabeth , Lenniger Carly , Levendosky Alytia , Lonstein Joseph , Marcus Rachel , Monk Catherine , Moyer Sara , Muzik Maria , Nuttall Amy , Potter Alexandra , Salisbury Amy , Smith Beth , Smith Lynne , Sullivan Elinor , Zhou Judy , Thomason Moriah , Brito Natalie
Published: January 2021

Maternal stress exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic may have transgenerational effects, adversely affecting both the pregnant woman and her offspring. Therefore, there is an urgent need to characterize the coping styles and psychosocial distress of pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic to help mitigate lasting sequalae on both mothers and infants. Here we use latent profile analysis to examine patterns of behavioral coping strategies associated with risk and resiliency to adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Leveraging a large U.S. sample of perinatal women (N = 2,876 pregnant women, N = 1,536 postpartum women), we identified four behavioral phenotypes of coping strategies: (1) passive-coping, characterized by primarily engaging in high levels of screen time, social media use, and eating comfort foods; (2) active-coping, characterized by primarily engaging in high levels of self-care, social support, and limiting media exposure; (3) low-coping, characterized by low levels of all coping strategies; (4) high-coping, characterized by high levels of both active and passive coping strategies. Critically, we found that passive-coping phenotypes were associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety and worsening stress and energy levels in both pregnant and postpartum women. Supplementing passive coping strategies with high levels of active coping strategies (the high-coping profile) lessened adverse outcomes in postpartum women. These behavioral coping phenotypes highlight potential risk and protective factors for perinatal women, which is critical in helping to identify and treat perinatal women most at risk for experiencing mood and affective disorders resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Growth and production of colored fiber cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) subjected to salt stress and potassium fertilization
Authors: Capitulino Jéssica Dayane , Azevedo Carlos Alberto Vieira de , Lima Geovani Soares de , Silva André Alisson Rodrigues da , Veloso Luana Lucas de Sá Almeida , Gheyi Hans Raj , Nóbrega Raul Araújo da , Soares Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos , Lima Vera Lúcia Antunes de
Published: January 2021

Temporal and spatial variation of rainfall in semiarid regions may lead to an increase in the concentrations of salts present in irrigation water, and it is necessary to adopt techniques to reduce the negative effects of salts on plants. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the growth and production of colored cotton cv. BRS Topázio as a function of irrigation using water with different levels of salinity and potassium doses. The experiment was carried out in pots adapted as lysimeters under greenhouse conditions, using a non-saline Neossolo Regolítico (Entisol) of sandy texture. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with 4 replicates, with treatments distributed in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to four levels of saline irrigation water electrical conductivity (1.5; 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1) and four potassium doses (50; 75; 100 and 125% of the recommendation), with a dose of 100% corresponding to 150 mg K2O per kg-1 of soil. Irrigation using water of electrical conductivity (saline) above 1.5 dS m-1 negatively affected the growth and production of cotton cv. BRS Topázio, and cotton seed weight was the most sensitive variable. Potassium doses above 50% of the recommendation in interaction with salinity reduced the height and leaf area of cotton cv. BRS Topázio.
Rhizobacterium Serratia sp. and phosphorus fertilization rates affect aerobic rice development
Authors: Nascente Adriano Stephan , Filippi Marta Cristina Corsi de , Sousa Thatyane Pereira de , Chaibub Amanda Abdallah , Souza Alan Carlos Alves de , Lanna Anna Cristina
Published: January 2021

Beneficial microorganisms participate in different processes that affect transformation of soil nutrients, including phosphorus (P), making them available for plants. However, there are few studies about the use of beneficial microorganism and P fertilization in the development of aerobic rice. The objective was to determine the effect of Serratia spp. isolate BRM 32114 and doses of P at sowing on the production of biomass, gas exchange, nutrient content in leaves and grain, grain yield and its components of aerobic rice. The field experiments were conducted over two growing seasons, 2015/16 and 2016/17, under a no-tillage system in the Brazilian Cerrado. The experimental design was a complete randomized block in a factorial 4x2x2 scheme, with four replications. The treatments consisted of four P2O5 doses (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1) with or without rhizobacterium (2) in two growing seasons (2). Phosphorus rates increased the number of panicles and grain yield of aerobic rice, and the grain yield was higher in Serratia inoculation compared to no inoculation. The Serratia spp. strain BRM 32114 inserted in the production system of aerobic rice, under no-tillage, promoted gas exchange activity; enriched the K+, Ca+2 and Mg+2 content in leaves; enhanced biomass accumulation (13%), and resulted in a higher number of panicles per plant (11%) and grain yield (19%) than untreated plants. Therefore, this beneficial microorganism is a promising technology for potential incorporation into cropping systems in Tropical regions of the world.