bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying Autophagy-Related mRNAs and Potential ceRNA Networks in meniscus degeneration based on RNA Sequencing and experimental validation
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zou Xinyu , Liu Yiming , Zhao Boming , Li Bin , Chen Biao
Published: November 2023

Purpose. The intimate connection between long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and autophagy has been established in cartilage degeneration. However, their roles in meniscal degeneration remain ambiguous. This study aimed to identify the key autophagy-related lncRNA and its associated regulatory network in meniscal degeneration in the context of osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods. RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and mRNAs (DEMs), which were then conducted to enrichment analyses using the DAVID database and Metascape. Autophagy-related DEMs were identified by combining DEMs with data from the Human Autophagy Database. Three databases were used to predict miRNA, and the DIANA LncBase Predicted database was utilized to predict miRNA-lncRNA interactions. Based on these predictions, comprehensive competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network were constructed. The expression levels of autophagy-related lncRNAs and mRNAs in the ceRNA network were validated. Additionally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed using autophagy-related DEMs.
Results. 310 DELs and 320 DEMs were identified, with five upregulated and one downregulated autophagy-related DEMs. Through reverse prediction of miRNA, paired miRNA-lncRNA interactions, and verification using RT-qPCR, two lncRNAs (PCAT19, CLIP1-ASA) and two mRNAs (BAG3 and HSP90AB1) were included in the constructed ceRNA regulatory networks. GSEA indicated that the increased expression of autophagy-related mRNAs inhibited glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis in the degenerative meniscus.
Conclusion. This study presented the first construction of regulatory ceRNA network involving autophagy-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions in OA meniscus. These findings offered valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying meniscal degeneration and provided potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Combating the Global Environmental Crisis Using Indigenous Ecological Knowledge: The Case of Kwahu Traditional Area, Ghana
Authors: Asante Daniel Boamah , Adom Dickson , Asante Afua , Gyamera Vera
Published: November 2023

In response to the global environmental crisis, this study focuses on indigenous ecological knowledge in Ghana's Kwahu Traditional Area. The research redefines traditional environmental conservation by exploring the Kwahu people's practices, revealing their harmonious relationship with nature. The study highlights the Kwahu's reverence for totemic animals, acting as ecological custodians, symbolizing the interconnectedness of human and non-human realms. It uncovers their holistic understanding of land and water bodies, contributing to sustainable resource management and enhancing ecological resilience. Integral to their environmental management is the observance of sacred days, intertwining spiritual and ecological aspects. By showcasing these practices, the article emphasizes their relevance in addressing global environmental challenges, offering insights into a culturally grounded approach to contemporary conservation.
Mendelian randomization study of urolithiasis: exploration of risk factors using human blood metabolites
Authors: Hu Dekai , Pan Jiashan , Deng Anqi , Yao Rui , Hou Bingbing , Hao Zongyao
Published: November 2023

Urolithiasis is a highly prevalent global disease closely related to metabolic factors, but we have little understanding of its underlying mechanisms. Analysis of blood metabolites may enable better comprehension of the underlying biological pathogenesis. The emergence of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can provide an opportunity to reveal the relationship between urolithiasis and human blood metabolites through Mendelian randomization (MR). In our study, we used a two-sample MR analysis to investigate the causal relationships between urolithiasis and metabolites. The random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) estimation method was used as the major method with several other estimators as supplementary methods. According to our results, we identified 11 known (5 protective and 6 risk) serum metabolites associated with urolithiasis. Among the known protective metabolites, two were lipids (3-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate), one amino acid (Isobutyrylcarnitine), one carbohydrate (mannose), and one cofactors and vitamins (Bilirubin (Z, Z)). The known risk metabolites included two lipids (glycerol and cortisone), one amino acid (cysteine), one carbohydrate (erythronate), one peptide (pro-hydroxy-pro) and one fatty acid (eicosenoate (20:1n9 or 11)). Additionally, six metabolic pathways have been identified to be associated with urolithiasis. The evidence of human blood metabolites influencing urolithiasis provided by our results supports future efforts to improve based metabolites therapies to prevent onset of urolithiasis.
Enhancing User Capabilities While Reducing Cognitive Load in VR: A Comparative Analysis of Desktop 3D Virtual Reality and 2D Environments
Authors: Sudár Anna , Csapó Ádám Balázs
Published: November 2023

Numerous studies indicate that in many particular cases, spatial 3D digital environments can offer more effective methods for information and knowledge sharing than 2D graphical user interfaces. This effectiveness arises from the unique ability of 3D spaces to present users with different types of content, such as written documents, web-based content, audio-visual materials, and even interactive 3D models, all at once and in a spatially meaningful arrangement. For instance, in a 3D virtual space, related documents can be placed closer to each other than those focusing on different topics. Similarly, content meant to convey key points can also be designed to appear relatively larger than less prominent documents. Such spatial arrangements help convey semantic relationships implicitly, allowing users to quickly understand the content and form more memorable impressions with less effort. However, it is not fully understood when and how these potential benefits of 3D environments can be fully realized. In this paper, we focus on this question, specifically in the context of desktop 3D environments, aiming to understand the conditions under which they can lead to improved performance and/or less cognitive load compared to 2D digital interfaces. In particular, we present the results of two experiments in which we compared user performance, eye tracking data (including pupil dilation), and a set of qualitative measures during a learning task carried out in a 2D environment and two different 3D virtual reality scenarios. The notable differences between these 3D scenarios -- as well as disparities in the corresponding results -- allowed us to draw two conclusions: first, that 3D spatial environments can indeed lead to the reduction of cognitive load compared to 2D interfaces, and second, such reductions in cognitive load are more effective in 3D spaces that require less (virtual) spatial locomotion, even at the expense of a greater number of camera rotations. Together, these results suggest that the ability of VR to reduce users' cognitive load may have more to do with the spatial qualities of the content arrangement than with the spatial situatedness of the users.
Tail Classification using Non-Linear Regression on Tail Model Plots
Authors: Beirlant Jan , Bladt Martin
Published: November 2023

Selecting an appropriate statistical model is a crucial initial step in various statistical analyses, particularly when estimating extreme values. Empirical plots, such as Pareto, log-normal, and Weibull plots, serve as valuable tools for visualizing the data and identifying patterns that can suggest a suitable model.
In classical extreme value methodology, tail modeling often relies on linear regression applied to the upper quantiles or probability plots. Focusing on probability plots, we extend the traditional linear regression approach to encompass non-linear regression. This expansion enables the visualization of extreme data in terms of their compatibility with widely accepted tail models. We then develop asymptotic theory for the non-linearity parameter, which, in turn, allows us to formalize classification procedures to distinguish between specific sets of tail models.
IDNet: An Inception-like Deformable Non-local Network forProjection Compensation over Non-Flat Textured Surfaces
Authors: Zhang Yuqiang , Yang Huamin , Han Cheng , Zhang Chao , Xu Chao , Lu Shiyu
Published: November 2023

Projector compensation on non- at textured surfaces is a challenging task. Existing methods struggleto correct significant distortions. Our approach, IDNet, overcomes these limitations with incorporatingthree Inception-like modules, by which we capture multiscale features using deformable convolutionand non-local attention mechanisms. Specically, we employ multiscale deformable convolutions forgeometric distortions and an Inception-like module for photometric compensation. The addition ofa residual-based non-local attention module further enhances both processes. Experimental results show that IDNet performs as the state-of-the-art comparing with the existing methods.
Metal oxide doped polypropylene yarns with photocatalytic effect
Authors: Zatroch Tomáš , Kleščík Michal , Kořínková Radka , Kráľ Ján
Published: November 2023

Functionalised textiles are produced eighter by surface treatment of textiles and by knitting or weaving of yarns and fibers with surface modification, or additive incorporated by compounding. Photocatalytic activity of oxides used as pigments TiO2 and ZnO can be utilized to add antimicrobial and self-cleaning properties to polymerbased fibers and yarns. False twist textured polypropylene yarns containing micronized titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and α-ferric oxide, as well as control sample without oxide pigment, were produced by means of compounding, melt spinning and false-twist texturizing. Knitted textiles made of these yarns were subsequently tested for photocatalytic activity, using sodium salicylate as a model pollutant in indoor conditions and a solution of dye Orange II for solar test in aqueous environment and solar irradiation. Although for indoor conditions both TiO2 and ZnO showed similar level of activity, reducing the half-time for sodium salicylate break-down by 23% and 24% respectively, this reaction may be considered slow for practical application. In contrast, almost 80% of Orange II was broken down in 24 hours on TiO2 doped textile in experiment with simulated solar irradiation.
Optimized Spatial Configuration of Heterogeneous Biocatalysts Maximizes Cell-Free Biosynthesis of ω-Hydroxy and ω-Amino Acids
Authors: Santiago-Arcos Javier , Velasco-Lozano Susana , Diamanti Eleftheria , Grajales- Daniel A. , Mateos Ana I. Benítez , Paradisi Francesca , López-Gallego Fernando
Published: November 2023

Cell-free biocatalysis is gaining momentum in the production of value-added chemicals, particularly in stepwise reaction cascades. However, the stability of enzyme cascades in industrial settings is often compromised when using free enzymes. In this study, we have developed a stable multifunctional heterogeneous biocatalyst co-immobilizing five enzymes on microparticles to transform 1,ω-diols into 1,ω-hydroxy acids. We improved the operational efficiency and stability of the heterogeneous biocatalyst by fine-tuning enzyme loading and spatial organization. Stability issues are overcome through post-immoblization polymer coating. The general applicability of this heterogeneous biocatalyst is demonstrated by its scale-up in both batch and packed bed reactors, allowing a product yield > 80%. The continuous process is fed with H2O2 as oxygen source, reaching a Space-Time Yield (STY) of 0.76 g·L− 1·h− 1, maintained for the first 12 hours. Finally, this flow system is telescoped with a second plug-flow reactor packed with a different heterogeneous biocatalyst. As a result, this 6-enzyme 2-reactor system sequentially transforms 1,ω-diols into 1,ω-aminoacids while in-situ recycling NAD+, depleting H2O2 and generating O2.
The dynamics of fire activity in Brazilian Pantanal: A LGCP-based structural decomposition
Authors: Valente Fernanda , Laurini Márcio Poletti
Published: November 2023

We analyzed changes in fire occurrence patterns in the Brazilian Pantanal using remote sensing data resources. To estimate the spatio-temporal dynamics of fire occurrence, we employed a structural representation using a log-Gaussian Cox process (LGCP), which decomposes the intensity function into components of trend, seasonality, cycle, covariates, and time-varying spatial effects. The results obtained indicate significant variations in the trends of fire occurrence in the Brazilian Pantanal. The intensity of fire occurrence is statistically higher in natural vegetation. A counterfactual decomposition indicates that a significant portion of the recorded fires observed in the first three quarters of 2020 cannot be explained by climatic factors alone, suggesting possible causation by intentional human actions.
Low-loss Y-junction subwavelength splitter
Authors: Prosopio-Galarza RR , Jara Freddy , Gonzalez Jorge , Armas-Alvarado Maria , Hernandez-Figueroa Hugo E. , Rubio-Noriega Ruth E.
Published: November 2023

Subwavelength grating structures have revolutionized refractive index engineering, enabling the creation of artificial materials with unprecedented optical properties or reducing the feature size of some devices. This is a challenging field because fabrication limitations constrict it. As a contribution to this field, we involve a study focusing on the automatic optimization of a 1 × 2 multi-mode interferometer compact power splitter based on subwavelength grating waveguides. Utilizing the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm we highlight a transmittance of 47.7% at 1550 nm. Additionally, our optimized design consistently maintained a high transmittance, surpassing 46.6%, across a broad spectrum of wavelengths from 1450 nm to 1650 nm. This underscores the efficacy of employing the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm in achieving and sustaining enhanced performance for the optical device. Notably, our proposed device is at least five times smaller than existing state-of-the-art solutions, demonstrating significant strides in miniaturization and performance enhancement within this cutting-edge field. In addition, our research investigates the system's capacity to withstand manufacturing errors by examining the effects of displacements. Specifically, we assess the impact of deviations, ranging from ±10 to ±20 nm, within the period of our subwavelength grating waveguides.
The Association Between the American College of Sports Medicine Recommended Aerobic Exercise and Healthy Behavior, Disease Incidence, Activity Restriction, Quality of Life, and Hematological Profile in the Elderly
Authors: YI EUN SURK , Byun Hyun , KIM Mun-Hee
Published: November 2023

Background
Regular exercise in the elderly is essential for healthy aging and has a profound relationship with mental health.
Aim
In this study, the relationship between exercise status by age group and health, health behaviors, and health perceptions of the elderly were investigated.
Methods
This study included 641 elderly men aged 65 to 80 years who participated in the 2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants were divided into exercise and non-exercise groups by age (65–69 years, 70–74 years, 75–80 years). The exercise group engaged in ≥ 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, 75 minutes of high-intensity physical activity, or a mixture of moderate-intensity and high-intensity physical activity (1 min of high-intensity equals 2 minutes of moderate-intensity) per week. It was selected as the elderly in practice. The smoking rate, alcohol consumption rate, nutritional intake, sedentary lifestyle time, uncomfortable days in the past 2 weeks, outpatient use frequency, weekdays and weekend sleep time, blood pressure, resting heart rate, and blood analysis results were analyzed according to exercise status and age group. An independent t-test was conducted to determine the differences in components, activity restriction (activity restriction, discomfort for the last 2 weeks), daily stress perception, subjective health status, quality of life (QoL), health check-up rate, subjective figure recognition, and disease incidence rate (obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia) and then cross-analyzed to determine whether there was a relationship with exercise.
Results
The results of this study showed that the aerobic exercises recommended by the American College of Sports Medicines had a positive relationship with the smoking rate, nutrition (energy intake, protein intake, dietary fiber intake), activity restrictions, QoL (exercise ability, daily activities, anxiety/depression), and hemodynamic variables (hemoglobin A1c) of the elderly, and it confirmed that the differences in health benefits between the exercise and non-exercise groups increased with age.
Conclusion
It was confirmed that the amount of exercise recommended by ACSM is an appropriate amount of exercise for elderly people
Publications in selected medical education journals according to the income status of the country of affiliation of the first author and the corresponding author
Authors: Guragain Anusmriti , Shankar P Ravi , Wilson Ian G
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The distribution of publications in selected medical education journals according to the income status of the country where the affiliated institutions of the first author and the corresponding author were located during the period from 2020 to 2022 were studied.
Methods: The Scopus quartile one (Q1) journals Academic Medicine, BMC Medical Education, Medical Education, Medical Education Online, Medical Teacher, and Teaching and Learning in Medicine were explored. The details noted were the year of publication, the type of article, the journal’s name, and the income status of the country of the first author and the corresponding author.
Results: There were 5714 unique articles published. There were 30 instances where the authors had multiple affiliations in countries of differing income levels and the articles were duplicated/triplicated providing a total of 5750 articles. Most articles (87%) were published by authors from high-income countries and only 0.8% were from low-income countries with the remainder from middle-income countries. BMC Medical Education had the maximum percentage of authors from low and middle-income countries.
Conclusion: Nations having most of the world’s population and medical schools are significantly under-represented in publications in the selected journals. This is a matter of concern and requires further study.
The Relation between acute asthma wxacerbation and neutophils/lymptocytes ratio
Authors: Mahfoud Michal rafaeel Al , skaf mohamed naser , bardan Hossam
Published: November 2023

Background: Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in different age groups, and the neutrophil-on-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be an important indicator for the inflammation process However, studies that investigate the relationship between asthma and NLR are very few, and here comes the importance of our study
Methods and tools: Our study is a cross-sectional study that examines the relationship between the NLR and the increase in the intensity of an asthmatic attack. In our study , we rely on reviewing the files of asthmatic patients and those who visits the emergency in Damascus Hospital. We collected those files and uploaded them to our own questionnaire. That was between 1/1/ 2023 and 9/1/2023. The sample size was 87 patients of both sexes and different ages.
Results: The results of our studies concluded that the heart rate respiratory rate and the shortness of breath increase with the increasing of the NL ratio (P-value=0.001). This was in agreement with other international studies. A specific statistical relationship was also found between oxygenation drop and the increase of NL rate (P-value=0.001), as well as there was more need for admission in the intensive care unit and mechanical ventilation with the increasing of NL ratio (P-value=0.001).
Conclusion: It can be said from the results we obtained in our study and in comparison, with other studies that an increase in the NL ratio is a strong indicator of an increase in the severity of the symptoms of the acute exacerbation of asthmatic attack.
The impact of the diffusion parameter on the passage time of the folding process
Authors: Tozo Araujo Marcelo , Chahine Jorge , Drigo Filho Elso , Maria Ricotta Regina
Published: November 2023

Recently, a mathematical method to solve the Fokker Plank equation (FPE) enabled the analysis of the protein folding kinetics, through the construction of the temporal evolution of the probability density. A symmetric tri-stable potential function was used to describe the unfolded and folded states of the protein as well as an intermediate state of the protein. In this paper, the main points of the methodology are reviewed, based on the algebraic Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics (SQM) formalism, and new results on the kinetics of the evolution of the system characterized in terms of the diffusion parameter are presented.
Irreducible representations of $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$-graded supersymmetry algebra and their applications
Authors: Aizawa Naruhiko
Published: November 2023

We give a brief review on recent developments of \mathbb{Z}_2^nℤ2n-graded symmetry in physics in which hidden \mathbb{Z}_2^nℤ2n-graded symmetries and \mathbb{Z}_2^nℤ2n-graded extensions of known systems are discussed. This elucidates physical relevance of the \mathbb{Z}_2^nℤ2n-graded algebras. As an example of physically interesting algebra, we take \mathbb{Z}_2^2ℤ22-graded supersymmetry (SUSY) algebras and consider their irreducible representations (irreps). A list of irreps for N = 1, 2N=1,2 algebras is presented and as an application of the irreps, \mathbb{Z}_2^2ℤ22-graded SUSY classical actions are constructed.
The relationship between profitability and cash flow in Jordanian banks
Authors: Fawzi Shubita Mohammad
Published: November 2023

The relevance of this study lies in the importance of the two variables – profitability and cash flow – for the financial performance of banks, as well as the unique characteristics of the Jordanian banking sector. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether there is a significant relationship between profitability and cash flow in Jordanian banks and to identify potential factors that influence this relationship. The study methods are to employ a quantitative research method, using financial data from Jordanian banks over a period (2008–2019), Granger causality tests are used to describe the link between cash flow and profitability. The study results show a significant link between profitability and cash flow in Jordanian banks. Specifically, the study finds that a one percent increase in cash flow results in a 0.27 percent increase in profitability. The Adj-R2 for the three cash flow models is 11.4%, 17.3%, and 20.4%, respectively. Conversely, the Adj-R2 for the three models’ earnings are 21.4%, 21.5%, and 22.3%, respectively. However, the magnitude of the link seems to be weaker in Jordanian banks compared to banks in other countries. The study concludes that cash flow from operating is an important factor in improving the profitability of Jordanian banks.
Discharge modeling and characteristic analysis of semi-circular side weir based on the soft computing method
Authors: Li Shanshan , Shen Guiying , Parsaie Abbas , Li Guodong , Cao Dingye
Published: November 2023

In this study, a support vector machine (SVM) and three optimization algorithms are used to develop a discharge coefficient (Cd) prediction model for the semi-circular side weir (SCSW). After that, we derived the input and output parameters of the model by dimensionless analysis as the ratio of the flow depth at the weir crest point upstream to the diameter (h1/D), the ratio of main channel width to diameter (B/D), the ratio of side weir height to diameter (P/D), upstream of side weir Froude number (Fr), and Cd. The sensitivity coefficients for dimensionless parameters to Cd were calculated based on Sobol's method. The research shows that SVM and Genetic Algorithm (GA-SVM) have high prediction accuracy and generalization ability; the average error and maximum error were 0.08 and 2.47%, respectively, which were about 95.72 and 60.86% lower compared with the traditional empirical model. The first-order sensitivity coefficients S1 and global sensitivity coefficients Si of h1/D, B/D, P/D, and Fr were 0.35, 0.07, 0.13, and 0.02; 0.63, 0.25, 0.30, and 0.32, respectively. h1/D has a significant effect on Cd. In particular, when h1/D < 0.24 and 0.48 < Fr < 0.58, 0.67 < Fr < 0.72, the discharge capacity of the SCSW is relatively large.
The porous structure induced heterogeneous and localized failure of the biofilm in microfluidic channels
Authors: Tang Yangyang , Tao Cong , Zhang Zheng , Liu Song , Dong Fulin , Zhang Duohuai , Zhang Jinchang , Wang Xiaoling
Published: November 2023

Understanding the mechanism of biofilm distribution and detachment is very important to effectively improve water treatment and prevent blockage in porous media. The existing research is more related to the local biofilm evolving around one or few microposts and the lack of the integral biofilm evolution in a micropost array for a longer growth period. This study combines microfluidic experiments and mathematical simulations to study the distribution and detachment of biofilm in porous media. Microfluidic chips with an array of microposts with different sizes are designed to simulate the physical pore structure of soil. The research shows that the initial formation and distribution of biofilm are influenced by bacterial transport velocity gradients within the pore space. Bacteria prefer to aggregate areas with smaller microposts, leading to the development of biofilm in those regions. Consequently, impermeable blockage structures form in this area. By analyzing experimental images of biofilm structures at the later stages, as well as coupling fluid flow and porous medium, and the finite element simulation, we find that the biofilm detachment is correlated with the morphology and permeability (kb) (from 10−15 to 10−9 m2) of the biofilm. The simulations show that there are two modes of biofilm detachment, such as internal detachment and external erosion.
Motywy polskie w twórczości krytycznoliterackiej Arriga Boito. Od Mickiewicza do Zaciśniętej pięści
Authors: Filonik Apolonia
Published: November 2023

Arrigo Boito’s (1842–1918) relationship with poland has been studied extensively since 1963, when Walerian preisner published a monographic study of Boito and his connections to poland. In subsequent years, additional publications focusing on this artist with polish roots have appeared. The article on polish motifs in Boito’s critical and literary work summarizes the influence of polish literature, particularly the works of Adam Mickiewicz, on the Italian’s oeuvre. This article not only builds on the research of previous scholars but also offers new insights and observations.
Descobrindo nossas cientistas
Authors: Vercellino Tassini Susanny Cristini , Gallego Adami Luana Nayara , Simionato Natalia Maria , Levi Andersen Monica
Published: November 2023

O avanço científico brasileiro proporcionou um aumento da participação feminina ao longo dos anos. Porém, a representatividade das cientistas não caminhou ao mesmo passo. Assim como os desafios vigentes que levam a uma diminuição da expressividade das mulheres em cargos de chefia, faltam reconhecimento, representatividade nas áreas de tecnologia e apresente a uma insegurança pela ausência do acolhimento em relação à maternidade e maternagem. Este estudo entrevistou mulheres para investigar seus desafios relacionados à carreira científica. A pesquisa qualitativa foi realizada por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada em uma amostra com 10 mulheres que consentiram e assinaram o termo de autorização. Foi realizada a transcrição das entrevistas e a categorização dos relatos baseada na análise do conteúdo temático. A consolidação das categorias foram: i) Propósito social da pesquisa, com 3 subcategorias; ii) Desafios enfrentados na carreira acadêmica/científica por ser mulher, com 3 subcategorias; iii) Desafios associados à maternidade e maternagem, com 2 subcategorias; e iv) Importância da discussão de gênero na ciência. Os resultados indicaram que as mulheres prezam pelo propósito social de seus projetos de pesquisa. Apesar do aumento do número de mulheres na ciência, ainda há desafios em todas as áreas de conhecimento, como o assédio, viés implícito e o Efeito Matilda. Por meio da escuta e do acolhimento pudemos conhecer alguns desafios recorrentes, enfrentados pelas cientistas brasileiras, permitindo reafirmar que a discussão sobre gênero na Ciência ainda se faz essencial.
Sağlık İnanç Modeline Dayalı Çevrimiçi Eğitimin Sağlık İnançları ve Meme Kanseri Korkusuna Etkisi
Authors: USLU ŞAHAN Fatma , ER KORUCU Aslı
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Sağlık İnanç Modeli doğrultusunda verilen meme kanseri ve kendi kendine meme muayenesi çevrimiçi eğitiminin kadınların sağlık inançlarına ve meme kanseri korkusuna etkisini incelemektir.
Yöntem: Tek grup ön test-son test değerlendirmeli yarı deneysel türde yürütülen bu araştırma Kasım 2022-Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasında çevrimiçi bir çalışma olarak gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmaya bir sosyal medya grubunda yer alan 66 kadın dahil edildi. Araştırmanın verileri çevrimiçi eğitim müdahalesi öncesi ve müdahaleden iki ay sonra tanıtıcı özellikler veri toplama formu, “Champion Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği”, ve “Champion Meme Kanseri Korku Ölçeği” ile toplandı. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımlı gruplarda t-testi kullanılarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Çevrimiçi eğitim müdahalesi sonrasında kadınların sağlık inançları alt boyutlarından duyarlılık algısı (t=-6,616, p=0,001), yarar algısı (t=-10,576, p=0,001), güven algısı (t=-16,268, p=0,001) ve sağlık motivasyonu (t=-3,125, p=0,001) puan ortalamalarında anlamlı bir artış olduğu, engel algısı (t=6,712, p=0,001) puan ortalamasında ise anlamlı bir azalış olduğu saptandı. Çevrimiçi eğitim müdahalesinin kadınların sağlık inançları alt boyutlarından ciddiyet algısına (t=-1,493, p=0,14) etkisi olmadığı belirlendi. Meme kanseri korkusu ölçeği ön test ve son test puan ortalamaları arasında (t=6,170, p=0,001) anlamlı bir azalış olduğu saptandı.
Sonuç: Bu araştırmanın sonuçları meme kanseri ve kendi kendine meme muayenesi çevrimiçi eğitiminin kadınların sağlık inançlarında, özellikle duyarlılık, yarar, engel, güven algısı ve sağlık motivasyonunda anlamlı etkileri olduğunu ve meme kanseri korkusunu azalttığını göstermektedir. Kadınları meme farkındalığı ve düzenli kendi kendine meme muayenesi uygulamaları konusunda teşvik etmek için çevrimiçi eğitim müdahalesi uygun bir yaklaşım olabilir.
The Effects of Quality Assurance System Implementation on Work Well-Being and Patient Safety: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Vuohijoki Anni , Huusko Mira , Ristolainen Leena , Hakasaari Pipsa , Kautiainen Hannu , Leppilahti Juhana , Kivivuori Sanna-Maria , Hurri Heikki
Published: November 2023

Background

Systematic monitoring of work atmosphere and patient safety incidents is a necessary part of a quality assurance system, particularly an accredited system like the Joint Commission International (JCI). How the implementation of quality assurance systems affects well-being at work and patient safety is unclear. Evidence shows that accreditation improves workplace atmosphere and well-being. Thus, the assumption that an increase in employees’ well-being at work improves patient safety is reasonable.

Objective

This study aims to describe the protocol for monitoring the effects of implementing the quality assurance system of JCI at Orton Orthopedic Hospital on employees’ well-being (primary outcome) and patient safety (secondary outcome).

Methods

Quantitative (questionnaires and register data) and qualitative (semistructured interviews) methods will be used. In addition, quantitative data will be collected from register data. Both quantitative and register data will be analyzed. Register data analysis will be performed using generalized linear models with an appropriate distribution and link function. The study timeline covers the time before, during, and after the start of the accreditation process. The collected data will be used to compare job satisfaction, as a part of the well-being questionnaire, and the development of patient safety during the accreditation process.

Results

The results of the quality assurance system implementation illuminate its possible effects on the patient’s safety and job satisfaction. The repeatability and internal consistency reliability of the well-being questionnaire will be reported. Data collection will begin in May, 2024. It will be followed by data analysis and the results are expected to be published by 2025.

Conclusions

The planned study will contribute to the evaluation of the effects of JCI accreditation in terms of well-being at work and patient safety.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/45200
An Ethics Action Plan for Rare Disease Care: Participatory Action Research Approach
Authors: Quintal Ariane , Carreau Isabelle , Grenier Annie-Danielle , Hébert Caroline , Yergeau Christine , Berthiaume Yves , Racine Eric
Published: November 2023

Background

Owing to their low prevalence, rare diseases are poorly addressed in the scientific literature and clinical practice guidelines. Thus, health care workers are inadequately equipped to provide timely diagnoses, appropriate treatment, and support for these poorly understood conditions. These clinical tribulations are experienced as moral challenges by patients, jeopardizing their life trajectories, dreams, and aspirations.

Objective

This paper presents an ethical action plan for rare disease care and the process underlying its development.

Methods

This action plan was designed through an ethical inquiry conducted by the Ethics and Rare Diseases Working Group, which included 3 patient partners, 2 clinician researchers, and 1 representative from Québec’s rare disease association.

Results

The plan is structured into 4 components. Component A presents the key moral challenges encountered by patients, which are the lack of knowledge on rare diseases among health care workers, the problematic attitudes that it sometimes elicits, and the distress and powerlessness experienced by patients. Component B emphasizes a vision for patient partnership in rare disease care characterized by open-mindedness, empathy, respect, and support of patient autonomy from health care workers. Component C outlines 2 courses of action prompted by this vision: raising awareness among health care workers and empowering patients to better navigate their care. Component D compares several interventions that could help integrate these 2 courses of action in rare disease care.

Conclusions

Overall, this action plan represents a toolbox that provides a review of multiple possible interventions for policy makers, hospital managers, practitioners, researchers, and patient associations to critically reflect on key moral challenges experienced by patients with rare diseases and ways to mitigate them. This paper also prompts reflection on the values underlying rare disease care, patient experiences, and health care workers’ beliefs and behaviors. Health care workers and patients were the primary beneficiaries of this action plan.
The Effects of Quality Assurance System Implementation on Work Well-Being and Patient Safety: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Vuohijoki Anni , Huusko Mira , Ristolainen Leena , Hakasaari Pipsa , Kautiainen Hannu , Leppilahti Juhana , Kivivuori Sanna-Maria , Hurri Heikki
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Systematic monitoring of work atmosphere and patient safety incidents is a necessary part of a quality assurance system, particularly an accredited system like the Joint Commission International (JCI). How the implementation of quality assurance systems affects well-being at work and patient safety is unclear. Evidence shows that accreditation improves workplace atmosphere and well-being. Thus, the assumption that an increase in employees’ well-being at work improves patient safety is reasonable.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the protocol for monitoring the effects of implementing the quality assurance system of JCI at Orton Orthopedic Hospital on employees’ well-being (primary outcome) and patient safety (secondary outcome).

METHODS

Quantitative (questionnaires and register data) and qualitative (semistructured interviews) methods will be used. In addition, quantitative data will be collected from register data. Both quantitative and register data will be analyzed. Register data analysis will be performed using generalized linear models with an appropriate distribution and link function. The study timeline covers the time before, during, and after the start of the accreditation process. The collected data will be used to compare job satisfaction, as a part of the well-being questionnaire, and the development of patient safety during the accreditation process.

RESULTS

The results of the quality assurance system implementation illuminate its possible effects on the patient’s safety and job satisfaction. The repeatability and internal consistency reliability of the well-being questionnaire will be reported. Data collection will begin in May, 2024. It will be followed by data analysis and the results are expected to be published by 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

The planned study will contribute to the evaluation of the effects of JCI accreditation in terms of well-being at work and patient safety.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/45200
An Ethics Action Plan for Rare Disease Care: Participatory Action Research Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Quintal Ariane , Carreau Isabelle , Grenier Annie-Danielle , Hébert Caroline , Yergeau Christine , Berthiaume Yves , Racine Eric
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Owing to their low prevalence, rare diseases are poorly addressed in the scientific literature and clinical practice guidelines. Thus, health care workers are inadequately equipped to provide timely diagnoses, appropriate treatment, and support for these poorly understood conditions. These clinical tribulations are experienced as moral challenges by patients, jeopardizing their life trajectories, dreams, and aspirations.

OBJECTIVE

This paper presents an ethical action plan for rare disease care and the process underlying its development.

METHODS

This action plan was designed through an ethical inquiry conducted by the Ethics and Rare Diseases Working Group, which included 3 patient partners, 2 clinician researchers, and 1 representative from Québec’s rare disease association.

RESULTS

The plan is structured into 4 components. Component A presents the key moral challenges encountered by patients, which are the lack of knowledge on rare diseases among health care workers, the problematic attitudes that it sometimes elicits, and the distress and powerlessness experienced by patients. Component B emphasizes a vision for patient partnership in rare disease care characterized by open-mindedness, empathy, respect, and support of patient autonomy from health care workers. Component C outlines 2 courses of action prompted by this vision: raising awareness among health care workers and empowering patients to better navigate their care. Component D compares several interventions that could help integrate these 2 courses of action in rare disease care.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, this action plan represents a toolbox that provides a review of multiple possible interventions for policy makers, hospital managers, practitioners, researchers, and patient associations to critically reflect on key moral challenges experienced by patients with rare diseases and ways to mitigate them. This paper also prompts reflection on the values underlying rare disease care, patient experiences, and health care workers’ beliefs and behaviors. Health care workers and patients were the primary beneficiaries of this action plan.
Authorship Correction: Voice-Based Screening for SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Cardiovascular Clinics (VOICE-COVID-19-II): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Oulousian Emily , Chung Seok Hoon , Ganni Elie , Razaghizad Amir , Zhang Guang , Avram Robert , Sharma Abhinav
Published: November 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the health care system, limiting health care resources such as the availability of health care professionals, patient monitoring, contact tracing, and continuous surveillance. As a result of this significant burden, digital tools have become an important asset in increasing the efficiency of patient care delivery. Digital tools can help support health care institutions by tracking transmission of the virus, aiding in the screening process, and providing telemedicine support. However, digital health tools face challenges associated with barriers to accessibility, efficiency, and privacy-related ethical issues.
Evolution of within- and between-city COVID-19 dynamics in Guangdong Province, China: An endemic-epidemic modeling study (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Zitong , Lin Liling , Li Xing , Rong Zuhua , Hu Jianxiong , Zhao Jianguo , Zeng Weilin , Zhu Zhihua , Li Yihong , Huang Yun , Zhang Li , Gong Dexin , Xu Jiaqing , Li Yan , Zhang Wangjian , Hao Yuantao , Xiao Jianpeng , Lin Lifeng
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Background: From January 2020 to June 2022, strict public health interventions against COVID-19 were implemented in Guangdong Province, China.

OBJECTIVE

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the evolution of within- and between-city COVID-19 dynamics in Guangdong Province in this period.

METHODS

Methods: Data of COVID-19 cases and synchronous interventions from January 2020 to June 2022 in Guangdong Province were collected. The epidemiological characteristics were described, and the effective reproduction number (Rt) was estimated using a sequential Bayesian method. Endemic-epidemic multivariate time-series model was employed to quantitatively analyze the spatiotemporal component values and variations, to identify the evolution of within- and between-city COVID-19 dynamics.

RESULTS

Results: The incidence of COVID-19 in Guangdong Province was 12.6/100,000 population (15,989 cases) from January 2020 to June 2022. The Rt predominantly remained below 1 and increased to a peak of 1.68 in Stage 5. Results from the endemic-epidemic multivariate time-series model revealed a strong follow-up impact from previous infections in Dongguan, Guangzhou and Zhanjiang, with autoregressive components of 0.48, 0.45 and 0.36, respectively. Local risk was relative high in Yunfu, Shanwei and Shenzhen, with endemic components of 1.17, 1.04 and 0.71, respectively. The impact of the epidemic on the neighboring regions was significant in Zhanjiang, Shenzhen and Zhuhai, with epidemic components of 2.14, 1.92, and 1.89, respectively. In addition, the endemic-epidemic components have been dynamic transformation during the study period.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion: The findings indicate the presence of spatiotemporal variation of COVID-19 in Guangdong Province, even with the implementation of strict interventions. These results underscore the need for specific interventions and coordinated interventions to control the epidemic of COVID-19.
Street-Level Bureaucracy and the Over-Standardization of Policy Implementation: An Analysis of Urban Management through the Destruction of Merchant Couplets
Authors: Meng Liufei
Published: November 2023

In grassroots governance, standardization not only serves as a fundamental component of an efficient bureaucratic system but also functions as a crucial mechanism ensuring that frontline personnel are accountable to both superiors and the general populace. However, in certain regions, there is a trend towards "over-standardization." From a macro perspective, this is primarily attributed to internal bureaucratic logics and external pressures. From a micro perspective, it often arises from strategic choices made by a minority of street-level bureaucrats. To address the issue of "over-standardization," interventions should focus on enhancing the scientific level of goal-setting, refining the precision of accountability mechanisms, and rectifying the goal-oriented nature of performance evaluations.
NANOPARTICLES: THE FUTURE OF DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: IMAM SYED SAIF
Published: November 2023

Material in the nanometric size are used as diagnostic instruments or even to administer therapeutic compounds to particular target regions in a controlled way in nanoparticles and nano delivery systems, which is a relatively young but fast-emerging discipline. By delivering accurate medications to specified locations and targets, nanotechnology provides numerous advantages in the treatment of chronic human diseases. The use of nanomedicine (including chemotherapy medicines, biological agents, immunotherapeutic agents, etc.) in the treatment of various illnesses has recently seen a number of notable uses. Through careful examination of the discovering and use of nanomaterials in enhancing the effectiveness of both new and old drugs (such as organic products) and preferential diagnosis through disease marker substances, the review article offers a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of nanoparticles and nano-based drug delivery. The advantages and disadvantages of using nanoparticles for the therapeutic delivery of drugs from natural or synthetic origins are also covered. Additionally, we have provided details on the developments and prospects in the field of nanotechnology.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF POST-COVID-19 INFECTIONS: A MULTIFACETED ANALYSIS
Authors: SHENDE VIJAYALAXMI A.
Published: November 2023

This comprehensive review offers a multifaceted analysis of post-COVID-19 infections, encompassing diverse aspects of this evolving health concern. In the realm of symptomatology, we explore both common and rare symptoms observed in individuals recovering from COVID-19, shedding light on the intricacies of post-acute sequelae. Moving forward, we delve into the association between COVID-19 and diabetes along with glucose intolerance, analyzing the incidence of these metabolic conditions in the post-COVID era. Another critical dimension of our analysis is the examination of the potential direct association between COVID-19 and obesity, considering the implications of this relationship on public health. Furthermore, we trace the evolution of treatment strategies across the pandemic's waves, providing a comprehensive review of approaches taken during the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd waves, along with discussions on current government-recommended treatment and management protocols. As we navigate the ongoing challenges presented by post-COVID-19 conditions, this article aims to serve as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, researchers, and individuals seeking a deeper understanding of the multifaceted nature of these infections and their implications for healthcare and public health strategies. Concluding remarks, this comprehensive review underscores the complex landscape of post-COVID-19 infections, ranging from symptomatology to metabolic associations and treatment strategies. It serves as a vital resource for understanding the multifaceted implications of these conditions on healthcare and public health efforts.