bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organizational and legal issues of international cooperation on the problem of space debris
Authors: Волынская О.А.
Published: August 2022

Засорение околоземного космического пространства - одна из главных угроз для мировой космонавтики. Глобальной проблеме космического мусора уделяется серьезное международное внимание. К настоящему времени был принят целый ряд международных технических рекомендаций и стандартов в данной области, которые, однако, необязательны к исполнению. Международное космическое право содержит нормы и принципы, прямо или косвенно затрагивающие деятельность по борьбе с космическим мусором. Между тем эти нормы носят общий характер и не учитывают множество специфических правовых аспектов рассматриваемой проблемы. В свете общего курса на обеспечение долгосрочной устойчивости космической деятельности возникает потребность в упорядоченном регулировании усилий участников такой деятельности по борьбе с засорением и засоренностью космоса.

Contamination of the near-Earth space is one of the main threats to space activities all over the world. The global problem of space debris receives serious international attention. To date, a number of international technical recommendations and standards in this area have been adopted, which, however, are not binding. International space law provides for norms and principles that are directly or indirectly relevant to activities against space debris. However, these norms are of a general nature and do not take into account many specific legal aspects of the problem. In the light of the general course towards the long-term sustainability of space activities, there is a need for an orderly regulation of multi-actor efforts to mitigate and remediate space debris.
Special asteroids in the Solar System
Authors: Девяткин А.В. , Львов В.Н. , Цекмейстер С.Д. , Горшанов Д.Л. , Петрова С.Н. , Мартюшева А.А.
Published: August 2022

Представлены результаты выявления астероидов, потенциально опасных для внутренних планет. Исследовано орбитальное движение астероида 2022 АЕ1, троянцев Земли (2010 TK7, 2020 XL5) и «рукотворного» астероида 2020 SO.

The results of the detection of potentially hazardous asteroids for the inner planets are presented. The orbital motion of asteroid 2022 AE1, the Earth Trojans (2010 TK7, 2020 XL5), and the “man-made” asteroid 2020 SO has been studied.
Dynamic scale of NEAs: dependence on orbital parameters
Authors: Золотарёв Р.В. , Шустов Б.М.
Published: August 2022

В нашей предыдущей работе (Золотарёв, Шустов 2021) были рассмотрены аспекты динамической эволюции населения астероидов, сближающихся с Землей (АСЗ): изменение со временем темпа убыли АСЗ и итоговая эффективность различных каналов убыли АСЗ. Было показано, что численность населения АСЗ убывает с медианным временем ∼ 3 млн. лет, что уточняет оценки других авторов. На качественном уровне была также показана зависимость медианного времени от начальных значений параметров орбиты: большой полуоси и эксцентриситета. В данной работе эта зависимость от начального набора параметров орбит астероидов впервые исследована количественно. Как и в предыдущей работе интегрирование движения астероидов проводилось при помощи программного комплекса REBOUND. Интервал интегрирования 20 млн. лет. Также изучена зависимость темпа ухода АСЗ от времени для различных каналов ухода.

In our previous paper (Zolotarev, Shustov 2021), aspects of the dynamic evolution of the population of near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) were considered. Those were the NEA depletion rate and the final efficiency of various channels of NEA escape. It was shown that the given population of the NEA decreases with a median time t NEA ∼ 3 million years, which refines the estimates of other authors. At the qualitative level, the dependence of t NEA on the initial values of the orbit parameters: the semi-major axis and eccentricity was also shown. In this paper, this dependence on the initial parameters of asteroid orbits for the first time is studied quantitatively. As in the previous work, the integration of asteroid motion was carried out using the REBOUND software package. The integration interval is 20 million years. The change of the NEO escape routs in time for various channels of escape has also been studied.
Cometocentric coordinates of the tail axis of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Ибрагимов А.А.
Published: August 2022

В данной работе рассматриваются ошибки измерения кометоцентрических координат. Приводится последовательность действий по определению кометоцентрических координат перспективным проектированием точек изображения кометы на плоскость орбиты на примере кометы 67P. Показаны условия, которые повышают точность определения угла поворота и центра фотометрического ядра в методе Штумпфа. Рассмотрено влияние прецессии и собственного движения звезд на точность определяемых значений. Отношение кометоцентрических координат свидетельствует плазменной природе кометного хвоста.

In this paper, we consider errors in the measurement of cometocentric coordinates. The sequence of actions for determining the cometocentric coordinates by perspective projection of the image points of the comet onto the orbital plane is given on the example of comet 67P. Conditions are shown that increase the accuracy of determining the angle of rotation and the center of the photometric kernel in the Stumpf method. The effect of precession and proper motion of stars on the accuracy of the determined values is below the data used. The value of the deviation of the comet’s tail indicates its plasma nature.
On the nongravitational acceleration in the NEAs’ motion
Authors: Кузнецов В.Б. , Чернетенко Ю.А.
Published: August 2022

Для 675 из 2945 нумерованных АСЗ по их позиционным наблюдениям получены статистически значимые оценки параметра негравитационного ускорения (НУ) A 2 . Предполагалось, что зависимость НУ от гелиоцентрического расстояния r имеет вид 1/r 2 . Для 71% рассмотренных астероидов значения A 2 отрицательны. Примерно такое же соотношение получено в работе [1]. Возможно, это связано с преобладанием обратных вращений среди рассмотренных АСЗ и/или присутствием сезонной составляющей НУ. Данные об ориентации осей вращения 34 астероидов говорят о преобладании обратных вращений, хотя этого количества недостаточно для уверенного вывода. Значения |A 2 | сопоставлены со значениями диаметров для 221 астероида. Диапазон значений |A 2 | обнаруживает только некоторую корреляцию их со значениями диаметров. Причин этому может быть несколько: недостаточное количество астероидов, для которых получены значения A 2 и известны значения диаметров; отличие формы астероидов от сферической; зависимости A 2 от других физических характеристик астероида; присутствие в полученных значениях A 2 других ускорений, кроме ускорения, вызываемого эффектом Ярковского. Два астероида, (209924) и (523599), имеют аномально большие значения |A 2 |, что позволяет отнести их к потенциально активным астероидам.

We obtained parameters of nongravitational acceleration for 2945 numbered NEAs, based on their positional observations. It was assumed that the dependence of nongravitational acceleration of the heliocentric distance r has the view 1/r 2 . 675 out of 2945 NEAs have |A 2 | > 3σ A 2 . For 71% of them, the values of A 2 are negative. Approximately the same ratio is obtained in the paper [1]. Perhaps this is due to the possible excess of reverse rotations among the NEAs and/or the presence seasonal component of the nongravitational acceleration. Data on the orientation of the rotation axes of 34 asteroids indicate the excess of the reverse rotations, although this number is not enough for such a confident conclusion. The values of |A 2 | are compared with the diameters for 221 asteroids. Range of the |A 2 | values reveals only some correlation between them and the diameter values. There may be several reasons for this: insufficient number of asteroids for which A 2 values are obtained and diameter values are known; the difference between the shape of an asteroid and a spherical one; dependences of A 2 values on other physical characteristics of the asteroid; the presence of other accelerations in the obtained values of A 2 , except for the acceleration caused by the Yarkovsky effect. Two asteroids, (209924) and (523599), have anomalously large values of |A 2 |, which allows us to classify them as potentially active asteroids.
Dynamic evolution of objects with high area-to-mass ratio in the region of medium, geostationary and high Earth orbits
Authors: Кузнецов Э.Д.
Published: August 2022

Представлен обзор работ по исследованию влияния светового давления на динамическую эволюцию объектов, движущихся по средним, геостационарным и высоким орбитам, на основе результатов численного моделирования. Основное внимание уделено орбитальной эволюции объектов с большим отношением миделева сечения к массе - парусностью. Рассмотрено совместное влияние на динамическую эволюцию светового давления, эффекта Пойнтинга-Робертсона, резонансов и их взаимодействие. Приведены новые результаты по исследованию флипов орбит (перехода от прямого движения к ретроградному и обратно) объектов, обладающих большой парусностью.

A review of works on the study of the influence of light pressure on the dynamic evolution of objects moving in medium, geostationary and high Earth orbits is presented, based on the results of numerical simulation. The main attention is paid to the orbital evolution of objects with a high area-to-mass ratio. The joint influence on the dynamic evolution of light pressure, the Poynting-Robertson effect, resonances and their interaction is considered. Novel results are presented on the study of orbital flips (transition from direct to retrograde motion and vice versa) of objects with high area-to-mass ratio.
System of Observation of Day-time Asteroids (SODA)
Authors: Шугаров А.С. , Шустов Б.М.
Published: August 2022

Описана современная модификация проекта СОДА (Система Обнаружения Дневных Астероидов), предназначенного для массового обнаружения декаметровых (> 5 - 10 м) астероидов, приближающихся к Земле со стороны Солнца. В оптимальном варианте система состоит из двух космических аппаратов (КА) с тремя телескопами малой апертуры (25-30 см), размещенных вблизи точки Лагранжа L1 системы Солнце-Земля. Используется барьерный метод обнаружения. В числе новых элементов, повышающих эффективность проекта, - использование КМОП приемников с мелким пикселем, новая оптическая схема, привлечение дополнительных наземных средств (радаров). Проведено краткое сравнение двух альтернативных вариантов размещения КА - в окрестоности точки L1 и на расстоянии 10 млн. км на гелиоцентрической орбите позади или впереди по движению Земли.

An updated version of the SODA project (System of Observationof Daytime Asteroids), designed for mass detection of decameter (> 5 - 10 m) asteroids approaching the Earth from the Sun is described. In the optimal variant, the system consists of two spacecraft (SC) with three small aperture telescopes (25-30 cm) located near the Lagrange point L1 of the Sun-Earth system. A barrier detection method is used. Among the new elements that increase the efficiency of the project are CMOS detectors with a small pixel, a new optical scheme and the involvement of additional ground-based instruments (radars). A brief comparison of two alternative options of SC placement is carried out - a conventional one in the vicinity of the L1 point and at a distance of 10 million kilometers in a heliocentric orbit behind or ahead of the motion of the Earth.
The results of UBVRI-photometry at KGO SAI MSU and comparative analysis of physical and dynamic parameters of asteroids with probable signs of sublimation activity
Authors: Щербина М.П. , Бусарев В.В. , Бурлак М.А. , Иконникова Н.П.
Published: August 2022

С декабря 2021 по март 2022 г. на полуавтоматическом телескопе RC-600 КГО ГАИШ (Кавказской горной обсерватории ГАИШ МГУ) были проведены UBVRI-наблюдения 56 астероидов (45 астеоридов Главного Пояса и 11 астероидов, сближающихся с Землей, троянских астероидов и марс-кроссеров) преимущественно примитивных типов, движущихся вблизи перигелия. Целью наблюдательной программы был охват максимального числа астероидов для уточнения их спектрального класса, а также выявления признаков вероятной сублимационной активности. Приблизительно пятая часть астероидов не имела определенного спектрального класса, который удалось оценить благодаря нашим спектральным наблюдениям. Некоторые астероиды, а именно 145 Адеона, 779 Нина, 521 Бриксия и 322 Фео, имели явные признаки сублимационной активности, а у астероидов 751 Фаина, 762 Пулкова и 778 Теобальда можно предполагать наличие активности. Для всех включенных в данную наблюдательную программу астероидов проведен сравнительный анализ физических и динамических параметров, таких как диаметр, период вращения вокруг собственной оси, большая полуось орбиты, эксцентриситет и наклонение орбиты.

From December 2021 to March 2022, observations of 56 asteroids (45 Main Belt asteroids and 11 near-Earth asteroids, Trojan asteroids and Mars crossers) of mainly primitive types moving near perihelion were carried out on the semi-automatic RC- 600 telescope of the CMO SAI MSU (Caucasian Mountain Observatory of the SAI MSU). The purpose of the observation program was to cover the maximum number of asteroids to clarify their spectral class, as well as to identify signs of probable sublimation activity. About a fifth of the asteroids did not have a certain spectral class, which was estimated thanks to our spectral observations. Some asteroids, namely 145 Adeona, 779 Nina, 521 Brixia and 322 Phaeo, had obvious signs of sublimation activity, and asteroids 751 Faina, 762 Pulkova and 778 Theobalda can be assumed to have activity. For all asteroids of the Main Belt included in this observation program, a comparative analysis of physical and dynamic parameters, such as diameter, rotation period around its own axis, the major semi-axis of the orbit, eccentricity and inclination of the orbit, was carried out.
Analysis of Risk Factors in Computer Vision Syndrome: A Case Control Study
Authors: Ilhamiyati Ilhamiyati , Wahyunisa Amira
Published: August 2022

The use of computer for a long time period can cause a ocular complaints called Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). This syndrome can be influenced by various risk factors, such as individual factors, computer factors and environmental factor. This study is to identify and analyze individual, computer and environmental factors associated with the incidence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). This research is an observational study with a case control method. The study was conducted in September-October 2018 at General hospital Haji Surabaya. A sample of 266 people with certain criteria, divided into 2 groups of cases and controls. The research was conducted by direct interview using a questionnaire. The statistical test uses the Chi square test. The odds ratio used to determine the value of the association of the magnitude of the risk and multivariate analysis (logistic regression analysis) is used to find out which risk factor is the most influential. The 95% confidence interval and the results of the case-control study observations are arranged in a 2×2 table. The factors that were significantly associated with the incidence of CVS were gender [p = 0.009; odd ratio = 0.504 (95% CI = 0.301 – 0.843)], use of glasses [p = 0.000; odds ratio = 0.333 (95% CI = 0.201 – 0.553)], duration of working hours on the computer [p = 0.000; odds ratio = 0.331 (95% CI = 0.194 – 0.563)] and computer vision distance [p = 0.000; odds ratio = 0.331 (95% CI = 0.194 – 0.563)].
Cardiovascular Diseases Associated with Pregnancy: An Overview
Authors: Chukwuka Elendu , Akintunde Akinbayo A. , Okpujie Oseremen V. , Sodiq Lawal O. , David Umeh E. , Geraldine Okafor C. , Promise Nwosu U. , Emmanuel Egbunu
Published: August 2022

Valvular heart disease is the most common cardiac problem complicating pregnancy, and pregnancy in most women with heart disease has a favourable maternal and fetal outcome. With the exception of patients with Eisenmenger syndrome, pulmonary vascular obstructive disease, and Marfan syndrome with aortopathy, maternal death during pregnancy in women with heart disease is rare. However, pregnant women with heart disease do remain at risk for other complications including heart failure, arrhythmia, and stroke. Women with congenital heart disease now comprise the majority of pregnant women with heart disease seen at referral centres. The next largest group includes women with rheumatic heart disease. Peripartum cardiomyopathy, though infrequent, will be discussed in view of its unique relation to pregnancy. Two groups of conditions not discussed further are coronary artery disease which is infrequently encountered, and isolated mitral valve prolapse, which generally has an excellent outcome. Hormonally mediated increases in blood volume, red cell mass, and heart rate result in a major increase in cardiac output during pregnancy; cardiac output peaks during the second trimester, and remains constant until term. Gestational hormones, circulating prostaglandins, and the low resistance vascular bed in the placenta result in concomitant decreases in peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure. During labour and delivery, pain and uterine contractions result in additional increases in cardiac output and blood pressure. Immediately following delivery, relief of caval compression and autotransfusion from the emptied and contracted uterus produce a further increase in cardiac output. Most haemodynamic changes of pregnancy resolve by two weeks postpartum.
Research on Improvement of College Teachers’ Teaching Abilities in the Artificial Intelligence Era
Authors: Guo Chen
Published: August 2022

Artificial intelligence is deeply contributing to the reforms and innovations in teaching and learning, bringing opportunities as well as challenges to the teachers in colleges and universities. This paper highlights the important impact of AI technologies on the field of higher education and discusses the potential challenges faced by college teachers in the era of AI in terms of the teaching methods, knowledge delivery, changes in the roles and functions of the teachers, and attempts to elaborate three capacities that college teachers should possess to deal with these challenges, namely, the personalized professional teaching capacity, modern technology application capacity, and scholarship of teaching capacity. These three capacities serve as the core factors that constitute the college teachers’ teaching abilities as well. Finally, this paper suggests feasible paths for the future improvement of college teachers’ teaching abilities and the effective integration of AI into teaching from the university and college level and the individual teacher level, respectively.
The Incidence of Parvovirus that Causes Feline Panleukopenia on Stray Cats (Felis catus) with the FPV Rapid Test Kit Ag in the East Surabaya Indonesia
Authors: Nofira Ilsa Mifa , Meles Dewa Ketut , Triakoso Nusdianto , Tacharina Martia Rani , Witaningrum Adiana Mutamsari , Rahmahani Jola
Published: August 2022

Feline Panleukopenia (FP) is highly infectious disease for felidae kingdom but has not been found in human. FP is caused by feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) from the parvoviridae family. FPV has a very high mortality and morbidity rates. symptoms from this disease is a high fever, appetite loss, vomit which occur from the high fever, and hypersalivation. Most cases for FPV is happen on stray cat. The growing population of the stray cat can increase the risk of the FPV. The aim for this study is to find the potential of the feline panleukopenia virus spread on the stray cat from east Surabaya using the FPV rapid test kit ag and the swab sample from the cat anus. The results showed that there was one adult male cat with an incidence percentage of 0.03% which detected the presence of FPV antigen.
Employability Future of Graduates of Polytechnic National Diploma (ND) In Architecture
Authors: Yusuf Amina , Obaje Juliet Azuka , Siyanbola Sherifat Omowumi
Published: August 2022

The contribution of the Polytechnic education to the socioeconomic development of Nigeria is inestimable. This is so because it is the sector that is vested with the responsibility of producing the middle-level manpower needs of the country. The National Diploma (ND) education is designed to raise individuals with the practical/applied skills in technical fields. Holders of the ND Certificate in Architecture are the Architectural Technicians who are to assist the professionals in the building industry in carrying out works in both office and site. This study investigated the roles of the architectural technicians as well as their job prospects in the building industry. The study was carried out as an exploratory investigation with extended review of relevant literature. A survey approach was employed in the study. Questionnaires were administered on the staff and students of Department of Architecture, Kaduna Polytechnic. The results obtained from the data revealed that 57% of the respondents believed that there is high job prospect for the National Diploma (ND) graduates in the building industry in Nigeria. Consequently, the paper recommends strict monitoring and supervision of Student Working and Industry Experience Scheme (SWIES) programme by institutional supervisors and the Industrial Training Office to ensure firm compliance to the objectives of SWIES.
Percutaneous Drainage as The Management of Amebic Liver Abscess (ALA): A Case Report
Authors: Prasetya I Made Maha , Mahayana Putu Windhu , Adiputra Pande Made Gunawan
Published: August 2022

Background: Amebic liver abscess (ALA) is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica infection. Clinical diagnosis of ALA is often uncertain due to no specific signs and symptoms. Abscess aspiration or drainage had a vital role in the management of ALA, mainly in cases with inadequate treatment response and large abscesses at risk of rupture. Case Presentation: A 66-year-old male patient presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain for two weeks. He was diagnosed with a liver abscess in another hospital and then referred to our hospital due to inadequate clinical response after the treatment. Ultrasonography showed a solitary hypoechoic lesion in the right lobe of the liver and the CT scan revealed a well-defined hypodense lesion with regular margins in segment VII of the liver. Metronidazole and ceftriaxone were given intravenously during hospitalization. Percutaneous drainage of the liver abscess was performed on the seventh day of hospitalization with the indication of inadequate treatment response, size, and location of the abscess. The culture of the discharge showed growth of E. histolytica. No complications were found and the patient was discharged on the twelfth day of hospitalization with optimal clinical improvement. Conclusion: We report a case of ALA with inadequate response to the conservative treatment. The percutaneous drainage was performed for abscess decompression based on the preoperative ultrasound and CT scan. There is no complication was found and the patient was discharged on the twelfth day of hospitalization with optimal clinical improvement.
Assessing Safety Issues Experienced by Nigerian Building Site Worker
Authors: Ibrahim Akanbi Toyin , Sirajo Abdulrashid , Ibrahim Aliyu Hassan
Published: August 2022

The term Building Worker refers to any personnel engaged in the physical construction of a building. Just like every other occupation they are faced with challenges in performing their duties. The safety of building construction workers on sites is key to achieving success in any project, when these workers are physically healthy work can go on smoothly as virtually all works on site are dependent on the workers for implementation. Numerous building projects are situated in Abuja, Nigeria with little or no attention being paid to safety issues. This research looked into the level of safety implementation of the Construction companies and the level of safety awareness of the workers in Abuja city. 80 questionnaires were issued, 69 (85%) copies were retrieved. The findings revealed that building site workers in Nigeria lacked the requisite trainings needed to perform their trades. The Construction company’s practice of not providing the basic safety materials and facilities was also exposed. The older workers were aware of their rights as employees on site. Lack of safety training was the major cause of accidents among the workers with minor injuries being mostly experienced. The Unqualified laborers were most frequently engaged in accidents on the sites. Accidents mainly occurred among workers less than 20 years of age. The Governmental agencies need to step up their enforcement activities in order to adequately protect these workers, the available safety regulations need updating and if possible solely Nigerian regulations should be designed.
Overview of Building Construction Safety and Legislations in Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Akanbi Toyin , Sirajo Abdulrashid , Ibrahim Aliyu Hassan
Published: August 2022

The building construction sector in Nigeria lacks formal safety management systems, effective safety regulations are also lacking. The research methodology adopted was a comprehensive literature review undertaken on topics related to safety in order to have a sound knowledge of the topic. Research journals, academic thesis and conference papers were the main sources of the secondary data gathered. The research showed that Though this sector is a vital contributor to economic growth of the nation, virtually all available labour laws in Nigeria do not apply to this sector. The lack of such laws makes enforcement of safety norms and procedures on Nigerian building sites difficult, the workers as a result of this unfortunate scenario are left vulnerable and unprotected. No comprehensive law as regards to Occupational Health and Safety exists in Nigeria. Virtually all existing regulations in Nigeria today which relate to health and safety emanated from foreign countries, hence we need to domesticate our legislation to reflect our peculiarities.
Prevention Strategies for Addiction in Adults: An Updated Literature Review of Mindfulness and Exercise-Based Strategies
Authors: Anombem Odiaka Mark , Ozor Chibuike Innocent , Eniekop Godwin Philip , Anaesiuba Izuchukwu Lazarus , Amah John Ita , Obiaghanwa Ogochukwu Elizabeth
Published: August 2022

Addiction and subsequent substance use disorders, represent a substantial and global public health challenge that requires novel interventions. Although many treatment strategies are available, these conditions are often underdiagnosed. Therefore, prevention strategies represent a more desirable approach for targeting addiction in adults. These interventions rely on behavioural changes that can often prove challenging to implement, particularly in those with recurring substance use disorders. Several effective treatment approaches have been devised that focus on altering these behaviours, including mindfulness-based interventions and cognitive behavioural therapies. However, the evidence concerning the long-term implications of these techniques is limited, with many studies noting that the beneficial outcomes observed in short-term investigations are often not replicated in the long term. Future research should, therefore, incorporate large scale randomised controlled trials to enhance our comprehension of the effectiveness of addiction prevention strategies, including mindfulness-based therapies and regular physical activity.
Approximate Analytical Solution of Unstable Ordinary Differential Equation Using Differential Evolution Algorithm
Authors: WUSU Ashiribo Senapon , OLABANJO Olusola Aanu , MAZZARA Manuel
Published: August 2022

The application of evolutionary optimization algorithms in problem solving is currently gaining wide popularity. Use of Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm in obtaining analytically approximate solution of unstable second–order initial value Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) is presented in this work. The methodology involves solving an associated problem of optimization with constrains to get an analytically approximate solution for the ODE under consideration. Three test cases were used to demonstrate the efficiency of our method. In comparison with other methods discussed in the literature, our method gave significant improvement on the accuracy of the obtained results.
Sağlıkta Toplam Kalite Yönetiminin Kuruma, Hastaya ve Çalışana Yansımaları
Authors: ÇERÇİ Seyhan , BAYKAL Ülkü
Published: August 2022

Sağlıkta toplam kalite yönetimi son yıllarda alan yazında giderek artan bir ilgi ile araştırılmaktadır. Kalite yönetimi sağlık kurum ve kuruluşlarındaki tüm uygulamaların sürekli olarak iyileştirilmesi, fiziki yapı ve donanımın değişimi ve gelişimi, düzenli aralıklarla hizmet içi eğitimlerin gerçekleştirilmesi, hastaların ve çalışanların beklentilerinin karşılanması, tam katılımı destekleyen bir yönetim sürecidir. Kalite yönetim sürecinde yazılım ve donanım sistemleri, tıbbi cihazların yönetimi, dokümantasyon yönetimi, bilgi güvenliği, insan kaynağı yönetimi, tesis yönetimi, hasta ve çalışan güvenliği gibi bir dizi etkinlikler söz konusudur. Bu çalışmada sağlıkta toplam kalite yönetiminin kuruma, hastaya ve çalışanlara yansımaları konuları ele alınmıştır. Dünyanın birçok bölgesinde yürütülen araştırma sonuçlarında sağlıkta kalite uygulamaları sağlık kurumlarına, hastalara ve çalışanlara olumlu birçok yansıması olduğu gösterilmektedir. Benzer şekilde Türkiye’de olumlu yansımalarını gösteren makalelere rastlanmıştır. Sağlıkta kalitenin yapı, süreç ve çıktı konularında daha fazla ölçme ve değerlendirme yapılmasına gereksinim duyulduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada sağlıkta kalite yönetiminin kuruma, hastaya ve çalışanlara yansımaları konularına odaklanılmış ve sonuç olarak bu derlemeyle, sağlıkta kalite yönetiminin sağladığı yararlara değinilerek ulusal yazına katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır.
A FILOSOFIA DE CLAUDE BRUAIRE E A PSICOTERAPIA DE VIKTOR FRANKL: UM DIÁLOGO ENTRE A LÓGICA DA EXISTÊNCIA HUMANA E A LOGOTERAPIA
Authors: Hoffmann Teodósio Guilherme
Published: August 2022

Este artigo tem a intenção de explanar sobre a existência humana segundo dois pensadores, em duas áreas de conhecimento diferentes. Primeiramente, a concepção da lógica da existência humana segundo a filosofia de Claude Bruaire. De outro lado a análise existencial e a logoterapia, isto é, uma abordagem psicoteráptica desenvolvida por Viktor Emil Frankl. Inicialmente explana-se o contexto biográfico de cada um dos doutores supracitados, para em seguida debruçar-se sobre os dois pontos de vista, sobre o mesmo tema. Com às duas teses expostas, pode-se comparar e explorar pontos de congruência ou de divergência, buscando compreender uma possível complementação ou levantar novas possibilidades a partir do colóquio teórico proposto. Assuntos que abordam a complexidade humana, em todas as dimensões, são sempre assuntos relevantes, pois é um objeto de estudo que parece até inesgotável. E tratando-se de existência, perscruta-se aproveitar ao máximo. E sobre o período existencial, quanto mais sólido for maior será a sua relevância e legado. Devido à consistência do tema, o presente trabalho inclina-se para a especulação psico-filosófica levando para uma reflexão sobre o sentido da vida humana.
Nomophobia (No MObile PHone PhoBIA) Among Medical Students: A Literature Review
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: August 2022

Smartphones have become more popular due to advances in high-speed Internet connectivity. Smartphones are popular among young people, including medical students, as virtual devices. As a result, excessive use of smartphones has expressed concerns about its addictive potential, a condition known as nomophobia. Nomophobia (No MObile PHone PhoBIA) is the worry or fear people feel when they do not have their mobile phone or are unable to use it. The term was introduced in 2008 and is considered a modern phobia. Nomophobia is also a general pathology among students, particularly those in medicine. This literature review examines the prevalence of nomophobia, symptoms, causes of nomophobia among medical students, and the impact of nomophobia on student achievement. Existing literature on nomophobia in the PUBMED and Google Scholar databases was examined using the search terms ‘nomophobia’ OR ‘mobile phone use’ OR ‘mobile phone addiction’ AND 'medical students.' Several studies have found that medical students have nomophobia. More than 50% of medical students in this review have moderate nomophobia, while 5-20% have severe nomophobia. The most common symptoms of nomophobia were anxiety, agitation, tachycardia, inability to turn off the mobile phone, constantly checking the phone, charging the battery even when the phone is nearly fully charged, fear of not being able to connect to a data network, concerns about being removed from online status or identity, and avoid activities to spend time on a mobile device. Students with severe nomophobia reported poor academic performance; students with a higher level of nomophobia performed poorly academically and vice versa. Medical students had a greater incidence of addiction to mobile phones, which affected their health and academic achievement. More emphasis should be placed on early detection and intervention to overcome nomophobia.
Human Monkeypox: What do we know so far?
Authors: Sinpeng Nutwipa
Published: August 2022

The first known human infection of monkeypox was recorded in 1971. MPXV has been found in a number of human instances in West Africa. The majority of confirmed cases with travel histories indicated travel to Europe and North America rather than West or Central Africa, where the monkeypox virus is endemic. Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a type of Orthopoxvirus, which also includes camelpox, cowpox, vaccinia, and variola viruses. Two oral drugs, brincidofovir and tecovirimat, have been approved for the treatment of smallpox. MPXV can infect people in areas that were previously known to be free of smallpox. In 2003, MPXV-infected West African rats brought into the U.S. infected prairie dogs intended for sale in the pet business. Although there were no fatalities, the virus was of a less dangerous West African strain. Since 1970, eleven African nations have recorded human cases of monkeypox. Most cases have been recorded from rural, rainforest parts of the Congo Basin. Nigeria has seen a significant epidemic, with over 500 suspected cases, over 200 confirmed cases and an approximate 3% case fatality rate. People living in or near wooded regions may be exposed indirectly or at a low level. Consuming meat and other animal products from diseased animals that have been improperly cooked is a potential risk factor. The longest known chain of transmission in a community has increased from six to nine person-to-person infections. Monkeypox is prevented by increasing public knowledge of risk factors and teaching individuals about the actions they may take to decrease their exposure.

Keywords: Human monkeypox, monkeypox virus, orthopoxvirus, viral zoonosis
Efficacy of Davanegere Mix on Nutritional Status of Preschool Children with Malnutrition - A Pilot Study
Authors: G. Chilapur Gundurao , S. Natekar Dr. Deelip
Published: August 2022

Background: Nutrition is essential for human development and the focal point of health and well-being. It is accepted that the lack of proper nutrition leads to irreversible effects, endangering survival and development of the child.
Aim: To assess effectiveness of Davanagere Mix on Nutritional Status of Pre School children with malnutrition.
Materials and Methods: The study conducted using Randomized block design. 19 children (10 in Experimental Group and 9 in Control group) aged between 3 to 6 years attending Anganawadis of Aihole Village of Bagalkot District with mild or moderate malnutrition were selected by complete enumeration method as per the inclusion criteria. WHO Anthro software was used to screen the children for enrolment. The data regarding socio demographic factors was collected using structured interview schedule. Anthropometric measurements were done using standard techniques. Davanagere mix was administered for experimental group children for one months i.e weekly four days (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday). Whereas the parents of control group children were given with health education on nutritional supplementation to improve the children’s nutritional status
Results: Findings shows that, there was a significant difference in post test scores of weight (t=2.491, P< 0.05) and mid upper arm circumference (t=3.947, P< 0.01) between experimental and control group subjects. Hence, Davanagere Mix was effective in improving the nutritional status of children with malnutrition in terms of gain in their weight and mid upper arm circumference. No significant difference was found between post test scores of height (t=0.540, P> 0.05) between experimental and control group subjects.
Conclusion: Use of foods rich in protein is highly essential strategy to bridge the gap between growth of children and their nutrition. Supplementary feeding of infants and young children with good quality protein as ground nuts and Bengal grams nut flour is a cheap food protein, hence one of the best provisions is to treat malnutrition with Davanagere mixture.

Keywords: Davanegere Mix, Nutritional Status, Preschool Children, Malnutrition
Analysis of Conventional and Nonconventional Risk Factors, Clinical Profile and Angiographic Correlation in Young Myocardial Infarction at Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Nambirajan J. , Pamecha Harshal , Chakkravarthi D.
Published: August 2022

Background: CAD in the young require special attention as the clinical profile, risk factors and prognosis are different from that in older patients.
Method: The present study is an attempt to evaluate acute myocardial infarction in young individuals (<40 years of age) undergoing coronary angiography (CAG). A total of 290 patients aged 40 years or younger who underwent CAG in the Department of Cardiology, Coimbatore medical college hospital between December 2019 to February 2021 were included in this study. Demographic characteristics, risk factor profile, laboratory test results, ECG and echocardiographic findings, CAG findings, and in-hospital mortality were as­sessed. All subjects completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess anxiety levels or presence of depressive symptoms as a potential risk factor among young patients.
Results: The mean patient age was 35.6 ± 4.4 years. Men made up 87.2% of the study sample. STEMI was present in 84 % of acute MI while remaining had NSTEMI. CHF (Killip class II or III) was present at hospital admission 14.4% patients. Angiographically normal coronary arteries were found in 4% of patients with the diagnosis of ACS. The most common location of significant atherosclerotic coronary lesions was the left anterior descending artery (60.1%) followed by the right coronary artery (32.4%). The most prevalent were conventional cardiovascular risk factors followed by anxiety/depression, a family his­tory of CAD. The findings showed that 32% of the respondents had anxiety caseness and 40% had depression caseness.
Conclusion: Significant risk of CHF on presentation and STEMI most common cases. Modifiable risk factors constitute primary etiology with less commonly evaluated cause as anxiety and depression need to be monitored regularly, provide regular counselling services. 4.0% revealing normal coronaries suggesting microvascular dysfunction important process other than atherosclerosis.

Keywords: [young MI, nonconventional risk factors, STEMI, coronary angiogram]
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Primary Care Settings: What We Should Know
Authors: Johansyah Theodorus Kevin Putra , Nolan John
Published: August 2022

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) remains one of the most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndromes. The patient may experience pain, numbness, and tingling in hand and arm of the affected individual. Treatment for CTS falls under two choices between conservative and surgical therapy. Mild and moderate symptoms are offered to be treated with conservative treatments, including oral and transvenous steroids, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and corticosteroids injection. A further option is using a surgical procedure with a carpal tunnel release (CTR) by cutting the transverse carpal ligament (TCL) to increase space and relieve the pressure within the tunnel. As there are many cases of CTS worldwide, astute primary care physicians (PCP) must diagnose and choose the right treatment option. Clinicians should acknowledge some basic information about CTS to provide cost-effective and proper treatment. Clinicians can select Conservative treatments before referring the patient to an orthopedic surgeon or neurosurgeon. Failure to respond to conservative therapies is a case that needs hospital referral consideration.

Keywords: carpal tunnel syndrome, primary care, primary care physician
Prevalencia de la Enfermedad Celíaca en Pacientes del Hospital Univalle – 2016- 2019.
Authors: Borda Zambrana Jacqueline , Flores Edson , Vasquez Sarah , Abularach Borda Yhassyre
Published: August 2022

La enfermedad celiaca es una enteropatía crónica de la mucosa del intestino delgado causada por la intolerancia al gluten, que resulta en atrofia vellositaria, malabsorción y síntomas clínicos que pueden manifestarse en la niñez y en el adulto. Los tests serológicos permiten el diagnóstico. La biopsia duodenal es el estándar de oro para el diagnóstico. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, transversal a 86 pacientes de la consulta de gastroenterología en el Hospital Univalle -Cochabamba, el año 2016 - 2019, determinando las pruebas serológicas (EMA, tTGA y antigliadina) y endoscopia alta. Observándose mayor positividad de enfermedad celiaca en el sexo femenino que en el masculino, y permanece sin diagnosticar en una proporción significativa de individuos, estas pruebas no son solicitadas cotidianamente. Por ello, es difícil establecer la frecuencia real de esta enfermedad.Los datos de prevalencia hallados en este estudio confirman que la enfermedad celiaca constituye un problema salud pública en el país. Entre las regiones con una mayor prevalencia (hasta el 1 % de la población total), se encuentran Europa y EE. UU., donde la alimentación se basa en alimentos con gluten. En el Hospital Univalle durante las gestiones 2016 al 2019 se atendieron 19.912 pacientes, con una prevalencia de 0,05%, observándose una poca prevalencia en nuestro país, debido a la falta de estudios y la clínica.
Herramientas de Alta Tecnología en la Enseñanza de la Anatomía Humana en Univalle.
Authors: Umboni Ureña Edwin
Published: August 2022

La revolución tecnológica planteó para la humanidad no solo grandes hitos en información, comunicación e industria, sino también, el desarrollo de su uso en la pedagogía, no únicamente por el acceso a la mayor base de datos de la historia: Internet; empero también el desarrollo de grandes herramientas como Anatomage y SynDaver, las cuales pretenden complementar la enseñanza de la Anatomía Humana, con gran cantidad de potenciales aplicaciones y dejando la total dependencia de la ciencia al estudio practico en el cadáver.
Conocimientos, Actitudes y Prácticas del Personal de Salud Sobre Sexualidad, VIH y SIDA de Cochabamba, Estudio Comparado de 20 Años.
Authors: Valdez Carrizo Edgar , Salcedo Cuellar Joaquín , Alvarado Arnez Lucia Elena , Rivera Carrasco Iván , Rojas Escalie Nayra
Published: August 2022

Trascurrieron 35 años desde que se diagnosticó el primer caso de SIDA en Cochabamba, durante este tiempo se observó un aumento continuo de personas infectadas con VIH y reacciones de estigmatización por parte del personal de salud de Cochabamba hacia esta población. El estudio sobre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas tiene como objetivo comparar los resultados de tres encuestas realizadas en 1997, 2008 y 2018.Es un estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado al personal de salud en servicios de salud públicos y privados de Cochabamba. La primera encuesta se aplicó a 303 personas, la segunda a 305 personas; y la tercera a 308 personas. Asimismo, en el presente trabajo, se observó una disminución de la percepción de la gravedad del VIH y SIDA como problema de salud pública, así como de la percepción de población de riesgo en receptores de transfusiones de sangre. Si bien ha disminuido la discriminación, el rechazo y el miedo hacia las personas con VIH, existe un leve aumento del porcentaje del personal que atendió a las personas con VIH, ya que el personal de salud se siente con menos capacidad para atender a estos pacientes.Los resultados reflejan los deficientes conocimientos por parte del personal de salud en relación a la sexualidad, el VIH y SIDA, por la falta de políticas de formación continua, es decir, talleres y actualizaciones en los servicios de salud, e incluso falta de motivación para un autoaprendizaje.A nivel de actitudes y prácticas, la infraestructura inadecuada de los servicios de salud y la falta de insumos de bioseguridad genera preocupación y miedo a transmitir VIH en el personal de salud, por ello, persiste la estigmatización de estos pacientes.
Propiedades Anestésicas y Anticancerígenas de la Capsaicina.
Authors: Rodríguez Vargas María Rosa , Aguilar Loayza Annia , Fernandes de Oliveira Luciana , Cabrera Yabar Alex Alberto , HojairoToledo Jayo Diego
Published: August 2022

La capsaicina es un compuesto químico (8-metilN-Vanillil-6-nonemamida), componente activo de los pimientos picantes. Es irritante para los mamíferos, produce una fuerte sensación de ardor. La capsaicina, se encuentra en los frutos de las plantas pertenecientes a la familia Solanaceae del género Capsicum. Además, este fruto se emplea tradicionalmente en la cocina Latinoamericana como ingrediente. En dosis pequeñas (aproximadamente 1 g) produce una sensación de calor en la boca, y a medida que se aumenta la dosis, produce una sensación dolorosa. La parte del fruto más rica en capsaicina es el septum y las semillas. Investigaciones realizadas en el área de la salud, han demostrado variadas propiedades medicinales, destacando como analgésico y anestésico. Experimentos en cultivos in vitro en células cancerígenas han demostrado que al estimular las células con capsaicina (concentraciones de 10 y 150 micromolar) durante 48 horas, causa una inhibición significativa en el crecimiento de células cancerosas e inducen a la apoptosis y necrosis.La capsaicina al ser un anestésico, se une a receptores específicos de las células tumorales reduciendo la velocidad de  crecimiento de dichas células. Por otra parte, los medicamentos hasta ahora utilizados son de uso externo denominados “parches cutáneos”, que contienen una elevada concentración de capsaicina. La aplicación de este parche durante 60 minutos reduce considerablemente el dolor en pacientes con neuralgia postherpética. El presente artículo es una revisión bibliográfica de las propiedades de la capsaicina en la inhibición del dolor y multiplicación de células tumorales.