bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional Analysis and Development of Integrated Manufacturing Systems of Industrial Enterprises
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Bieloborodova M. V. , Yurchyshyna L. I. ,   National Technical University «Dnipro Polytechnic»
Published: June 2021

The article specifies the key economic aspects of the functioning and development of integrated manufacturing systems of industrial enterprises. The article is aimed at substantiating the prospects for the development of integrated manufacturing systems as one of the paradigms of the organization of the production process. The methodological instrumentarium of the research consisted of the following methods: retrospective analysis, synthesis, critical analysis, graphic method, generalization method. In modern conditions, more and more attention is paid to the new integrated level of manufacturing systems, which can be considered as a combined production system from an aggregate of multi-level constituents of production systems of enterprises with the most progressive organizational and technological capabilities, created for a limited time in order to implement complex projects. The evolution of the organization of production systems with the allocation of modern paradigms of variability and integration is researched. The role of technological niches in the development and marketing of multitechnological platforms as examples of integrated manufacturing systems is outlined. The main requirements for production systems created in technological niches are such parameters as their flexibility, the level of automation and the possibility of integration. It is determined that flexible or integrated production means that the functional spectrum of multitechnological platforms should be maximized. The flexible production strategy is more profitable than conventional manufacturing, if there is a high probability that additional functions will actually be applied in the future, and the integration of functions will cause lower costs than the integration of an additional single-technology machine. Integration of manufacturing technologies is an urgent paradigm for designing production systems within the framework of evolutionary theory. The direction of technological progress is determined through the concept of suitability, which represents a fuzzy image of a prospective product developed in accordance with the technological paradigm in the selection environment. The problem of classification of flexible, reconfigured and integrated manufacturing systems is the prospect of further research.
The Socio-Economic Development and Its Relationship with the Indicators of Empowerment, Economic Freedoms and Opportunities
Authors:   Odesa I. I.Mechnikov National University, Matiuk Т. V. , Poluiaktova O. V. ,   South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the key aspects and factors of the socio-economic development of society. On the basis of the studied theoretical approaches, the essence of the concept of «economic development» is specified. The most important components of the new quality of growth are defined. Both the need to and possibility of supplementing the indicator of the country’s success in socio-economic development (HDI), which is annually calculated by UNDP and reflects the relationship between the assessment of longevity in the country, the level of literacy and education of the population and the standard of living, indicators of empowerment, economic freedoms and opportunities, is substantiated. Based on the correlation analysis of indicators of the human development index, on the one hand, and the human development index, taking into account indicators of empowerment, economic freedoms and opportunities, as well as the index of life satisfaction, political and economic freedom, on the other hand, it has been proved that there is a direct strong connection between these indicators. This testifies the direct impact of the extent of life satisfaction, economic independence and political participation on the socio-economic development of society. A comparison of the composition of the resulting clusters with the rating of countries by the level of human development within the traditional HDI showed that there are certain differences. Thus, the largest number of countries with a very high level of human development when applying indicators of empowerment have lost their status. Similar results are observed for many other countries that, according to the HDI rating, taking into account empowerment, found themselves in a lower level of human development in a group of countries. The research showed that none of the countries moved in the ranking to a higher group. The obtained results confirmed the hypothesis that there is a fairly strong relationship between the levels of overall satisfaction with life, democracy and economic freedom and socio-economic development.
Use of Some Information Technologies to Maintain the Sustainability of Tourism During COVID-19
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Ryabev A. A. , Pokolodna M. M. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kravets O. M. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: June 2021

Recently, the world has been in a state of global crisis because of the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant number of spheres of activity, including such a global sphere of activity as tourism, are at risk of extinction. It’s understandable, that until the end of the pandemic, the resumption of tourism activities is almost impossible, since the safety of millions of people depends on it. However, the issue of maintaining and preserving the tourist interest of people – potential tourists – is more relevant than ever. The article emphasizes that in isolation to preserve tourist interest, it is advisable to use information technology. At this, according to the authors, among all means of information technology it is necessary to focus on virtual tours and excursions. Justifying this statement is a significant list of advantages provided by virtual tours and excursions in case of their creation and consistent implementation both on a paid and free basis for a wide range of potential consumers of tourist services. Also highlighted are advantages for objects and subjects of tourist activity. The authors allocate a variety of approaches to creating virtual tours and excursions in terms of attracting performers to create them. Among the performers, different categories of specialists with different levels of qualification and education are specified. In addition, the need for the mandatory involvement of professional guides is defined, specific knowledge and experience of which will allow to provide at least a minimum guarantee of the quality of virtual tours and excursions. Thus, the creation of virtual tours and excursions will not only preserve interest in tourist sites and destinations, but also provide work for a wide range of specialists even in crisis conditions. In addition, virtual tours and excursions can act as an independent tourist product, which in any case will bring financial and image profit to all the tourism sphere entities involved in its production.
Discrimination as an Instrument of Corruption Schemes in Public Procurement
Authors:   National Academy of Internal Affairs, Faizov A. V.
Published: June 2021

The article characterizes the current state of organizational and legal support for the functioning of the public procurement system, taking into account the novelties of legislation; both the inter-sectoral and the protective principles of bidding, which are closely interrelated and form a single system, are analyzed; the role of the principle of «prevention of corruption actions and abuse», which has a comprehensive influence on the entire mechanism of implementation of the norm-setting innovations, is defined; a number of factors that cause corruption risks and distort the effect of basic principles in the sphere of procurement are distinguished (in particular: dishonest behavior of officials; discretion in making legally significant decisions; insufficient professionalization of bidding; imperfect system of internal control over conduct of tenders and execution of contracts); the concept of discrimination is singled out and its role as an instrument for the implementation of corruption schemes in public procurement is defined. Based on the analysis of the effective practice of appealing by the AMCU, a number of ways of using discriminatory elements by customers at the initial and final stages of bidding are systematized, namely: establishing obvious and hidden excessive requirements in the tender documentation; manipulation of technical and qualitative conditions to the subject of procurement; unjustified disparate approach to participants with the similar errors in the preparation of tender offers. Practical measures to counteract discriminatory violations in the sphere of procurement activities are generalized, which involve the use of the capabilities of the digitized systems «ProZorro» and «DoZorro» with active participation in this process by direct procurement participants, non-governmental organizations, and government authorities.
Transformation of the State Social Policy in the Current Context: The Lessons of the Pandemic
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Tiutiunnykova S. V. , Shpak I. A. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: June 2021

The issues of social policy of the State have recently been in the discourse, in search of its new format. They acquired particular relevance in the context of the globally unfolding coronavirus crisis. The article shows that precisely the coronavirus pandemic has become the impetus for understanding the role and content of social protection of the population, has opened up new opportunities to transform it in search of true goals and instruments of implementation. It is proved that health becomes an urgent object of protection, that the health of society and an individual are mutually conditioned and complementable. Modern risks requiring an adequate response on the part of the State to overcome them are analyzed. In addition to the coronavirus pandemic, digitalization seriously affects humans and society, leading to the displacement of humans from the spheres of employment, transformation of the labor market and blurring of employment boundaries, precarization and unsteady employment. The growing inequality in the world leads to many problems in the social sphere and requires its solution. We are certain that in the conditions of modern, constantly complicating socio-economic development, increasing uncertainty and riskiness, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of social policy in which the most important values should dominate: health of human, access of human to sources of education, health care, consumption of clean water and other socially significant benefits, to decent income and living conditions. Such a system of social protection is in development, its sprouts to varying degrees of dimension and efficiency are formed in different world countries. The lessons learned in the process of combating the pandemic can become a good help in its formation.
The Theoretical and Methodological Principles of the Formation of a Mechanism of Financial Monitoring of Housing and Communal Enterprises
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Andrenko O. A. , Gavrylychenko I. V. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: June 2021

The article carries out a study of theoretical and methodological principles of the formation of a universal and effective mechanism of financial monitoring, the main direction of which is towards increasing the efficiency of functioning of housing and communal enterprises of Ukraine. It is identified that in the conditions of the financial and economic crisis, the problems of adapting the activities of housing and communal enterprises to changes in the socio-economic situation in the country, which is the most important factor of their sustainable development, are becoming especially significant. Scientific opinions on the definition of the category of «financial monitoring» are generalized. The authors’ own closer definition of this concept is presented. The category of «financial monitoring» is examined from the viewpoint of three approaches: process, managerial, and structural. An improved mechanism of financial monitoring of housing and communal enterprises is formed, which is represented by a set of instruments, means and methods of organizing activities for the regular collection of actual information on controlled indicators, its analysis, development of recommendations for making managerial decisions with the subsequent evaluation of their efficiency, as well as forecasting further dynamics. It is proved that the problems analyzed in the article, which can become a threat to the effective functioning of the formed mechanism, can be solved by the creation of a single financial monitoring service within the financial and economic unit of housing and communal enterprises. The implementation of the principles of this service will create motivation to increase the number of monitoring participants by establishing stable feedback between housing and communal enterprises and relevant monitoring services.
Formation of Eco Concepts in Modern Fashion Industry
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Tymoshenko O. V. , Kotsiubivska K. I. ,   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts
Published: June 2021

The formation of ethical fashion is a priority and a decisive factor in the efficiency of the activities of fashion and beauty industry enterprises. In the context of accelerated development of socio-economic processes, rapid technological changes, the growing needs of humanity along with the simultaneous increase in ecological pollution and the limited natural resources, questions are increasingly pressing about the practical use of ecological aspects of doing business. The article is aimed at studying the theoretical foundations of the essence of eco products, determining its role and importance in the modern world; analyzing the conceptions of development of ecologically oriented enterprises in the sphere of fashion industry. As a result of the carried out study, the theoretical foundations of the formation of the essence of concepts «eco fashion», «eco products», «conscious consumption» are considered and their role in the modern world is analyzed; the main motives for the creation of eco products in the fashion and beauty industry, as well as the main ecological concepts, are outlined. It is substantiated that the formation of the eco products market in the fashion and beauty industry should be understood as a market mechanism that is able to make changes in ecological production focused on economic and social benefits for both producers and consumers and society in general. According to the results of the study, we can conclude that ecological clothing is safer, better, hypoallergenic and convenient, and the advantages of creating eco products are: facilitation of the preservation of the environment; preservation and restoration of soil; reduction of carbon emissions into the atmosphere during the production of ecological clothing; increasing the competitiveness of producers in both the domestic and the foreign markets; resource saving and reduction of energy intensity of production; promoting the preservation of the health of the nation.
The Priorities and Effectiveness of the European Integration in the Scientific and Technological Sphere
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Petrenko K. V. , Kot M. V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: June 2021

The article is aimed at studying the theoretical and methodological bases of scientific-technological integration and the effectiveness of the activities of the EU Member States and Ukraine with its prospects for the European integration in this sphere. The methodological basis for this study are scientific works of scholars, statistical data from official websites, normative legal acts in the field of scientific-technological integration of the EU Member States. As a result of the study, the significance of integration processes in the scientific-technological sphere is characterized. The main directions of priority of the European integration in the field of science and technology are defined. The effectiveness of the activities of the EU Member States based on international indices and general indicators of R&D development is analyzed. The current state of scientific-technological sphere in Ukraine is examined. Perspective directions of development of the EU Member States in the field of science and technology and potential of implementation of the European integration reforms in the Ukrainian scientific space are determined. Prospects for further research in this direction are the creation of a multi-aspect strategy for Ukraine’s participation in the European research space, as well as the details of measures to be implemented by the State authorities to ensure sustainable development of society and increase competitiveness on the world stage. Further development of the scientific-technological European integration can lead to the creation of even closer ties between the EU Member States and Ukraine.
The Determinants of the State Regulation of Economic Interests of Enterprises
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Tytykalo V. S.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the directions of the State regulation of enterprises in the field of formation of a system of economic knowledge on the functioning of the regional economy from the point of view of emergence, formation, implementation, coordination and balancing of economic interests. The relationship between economic interests and needs of both the enterprise and the State, which can be ensured through the instruments of the State regulation, is provided. It is substantiated that the current trends in ensuring the innovative development of Ukraine’s industry and machine-building (as its main component) are due both to the nationwide vector of economic development, as well as to the specifics, resource potential, needs of the region and the degree of its involvement in innovative processes in accordance with world-wide trends. The main directions of economic development of enterprises and formation of their economic interests through the State regulation are outlined. Taking into account all directions of economic development during the transformation and neo-industrialization periods, and further on the economic interests of both the State and enterprises, it is advisable to consider stimulants and destimulators of the State regulation of operation and development of machine-building enterprises in the following directions: tax regulation, monetary regulation, budget regulation, investment regulation, social regulation, innovation-technological regulation, security regulation.
COMPUTER BASED ASSESSMENT SYSTEM FOR EVALUATING SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Authors: Evwiekpaefe Abraham Eseoghene , Muhammad Yahya Umar
Published: June 2021

With the increase in the number of students in our tertiary institutions coupled with the number of courses offered in the various universities, the management of examination processes has become more complex in terms of resources, time and manpower. This has resulted to the rapid adoption of a computerized means of conducting examinations instead of the traditional pen and paper. However, this computer-based technique currently used in our tertiary institutions in assessing students’ examination handles only the multiple choice questions (MCQ). This paper therefore is aimed at designing and implementing a simplified algorithm that assesses subjective (descriptive) type questions. Keyword and synonym matching techniques were used as the method for creating the simplified algorithm for the assessment of the subjective answers. The algorithm was designed using the Unified Modeling Language.   The application was built in the NetBeans IDE version 8.2 with Java as the main programming language. Spring Boot Framework with Thymeleaf View Engine was used as the Web development Framework. MySQL was used for the database while HTML, CSS and JavaScript were used for building the web page interface. For the synonyms, grammar and spell checking, Merriam-Webster Dictionary API and Language Tool API were used. A prototype system was consequently developed, tested and various results shown.
Gesellschafterstreit
Authors: Adensamer Nikolaus , Mitterecker Johannes
Published: June 2021

Orientierung für Einsteiger, Detailfragen für Profis Das Handbuch unterstützt beim Einstieg in die Materie zu Gesellschafterstreitigkeiten, bietet Orientierung und erste Hilfestellungen. Zudem ermöglicht es auch fachlich versierten Praktikerinnen und Praktikern Zugang zu Detailfragen in diesem Bereich. Ihre Vorteile auf einen Blick - Vermittlung von rechtlichen, betriebswirtschaftlichen, psychologischen und interdisziplinären Kompetenzen - Hilfestellungen für die Analyse der rechtlichen und wirtschaftlichen Interessen der betroffenen Stakeholder - Entwicklung von Erfolgsstrategien zur Vermeidung bzw Bestreitung von Gesellschafterstreitigkeiten Gesellschafterstreitigkeiten sind vielschichtig. Es ist eine sensible und rechtlich anspruchsvolle Materie, die neben einem tiefgreifenden Verständnis unterschiedlichster Rechtsgebiete, vor allem strategisches Geschick und einen sehr vertrauensvollen Umgang mit den involvierten Gesellschaftern erfordert. Die Autorinnen und Autoren haben langjährige Praxis bzw wissenschaftliche Erfahrung und bringen fundiertes Wissen zu gesellschafts-, kapitalmarkt-, und steuerrechtlichen Fragestellungen bis hin zu Litigation PR in dieses Handbuch ein. Für wen? Das Werk wendet sich vor allem an die Praxis: Rechtsanwälte, Wirtschaftstreuhänder und Steuerberater, Notare, Richter, Unternehmensjuristen, Gesellschafter, Geschäftsführer und Aufsichtsräte.
COMPLEXITY IN MANAGEMENT: OPPORTUNITY OR THREAT?
Authors: Gorzeń-Mitka Iwona
Published: June 2021

Complexity is a new way of thinking about the world (Snowden Boone, 2007). Some of the attributes of complex phenomena is uncertainty, non-linearity, self-organization, turbulence, and unpredictability. In the situation of dynamically changing external and internal conditions of its functioning, an organization can survive and grow only when it is able to successfully adapt its changeability to the changeability of the environment in which it is operating (Penc, 2002, p.51). The existing and applied systems of decision-making are often inadequate to the new challenges encountered by enterprises.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEADING PORTS OF LATVIA: COMPETITIVENESS OF LIEPAJA PORT
Authors: Līduma Diāna , Kairēna Aija , Priedens Māris
Published: June 2021

There are 10 operating ports in Latvia and 3 of them – Liepaja, Ventspils and Riga ports are regarded as the leading commercial ports. Role of port operation in the economics of region and country is essential from the point of view of employment and entrepreneurship. This is based with data on investment of operation of Latvian ports in GDP, on average it is assessed to be 5-7% annually. In the context of employment, Liepaja Port gives work to 6.9% of human resources of the city. However, concern about the competitiveness of Liepaja Port influenced by the proximity of more developed competitive ports, technical possibilities of the port and dynamics of freight turnover has occurred in recent years. Therewith in framework of this article in the context of such criteria as location of ports and their technical parameters, volumes of freight, specialization and costs of ports, the operation of leading ports of Latvia is intercompared and analyzed by clarifying whether Liepaja Port is competitive among other ports of Latvia.
Opinions of port experts on perspectives of port development and statistical data of ports from 2011-2013 are analyzed within the framework of the article. The aim of the research is to clarify the comparative advantages of ports of Latvia. The research revealed that the provision of competitiveness of Liepaja Port is to be related with application of the available free territories, advantages of location in relation to the Scandinavian market, and the necessity to develop the cooperation among ports of Latvia to offer joint freight acquisition, distributions and unified logistics solution and strengthen the position of ports in the circumstances of international competition.
Key words: competitiveness of ports, freight turnover, port parameters.
In Vitro plant regeneration from leaf explants of Tagetes erecta L.
Authors: Munshi JL , Baksha R , Rahaman MZ , Huque NN , Zinat EA , Momtaz N
Published: June 2021

Regeneration of multiple shoots via callus induction and organogenesis was obtained from young leaf explants of the field grown marigold (Tagetes erecta L.). Callus induction and shoot regeneration at various frequencies were observed using different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. Highest percentage (90%) of callus formation was observed within two weeks on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/l BAP with 2.5 mg/l NAA. The maximum percentage (80%) of shoot bud formation (10±0.5/callus) was obtained from MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l BAP with 0.5 mg/l kinetin. The regenerated shoots developed highest percentages (90%) of roots on half strength MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA. The plantlets when transferred into potsoil 80% survived. Regenerated plants were morphologically uniform with normal leaf shape and growth pattern.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(2), 69-74, 2021
Titanium dioxide nanoparticle incorporated PVDF-HFP based composite membrane for direct methanol fuel cells application
Authors: Karim MA
Published: June 2021

Two composite polymeric membranes were synthesized using poly vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoroprropylene (PVDF-HFP) host in polyvinyl alcohol and with or without TiO2 nanoparticlesas a porous substrate. The structure of the membranes was PDVF-HFP/PVA and PVDF-HFP/PVA/TiO2.The composition of the synthesized membranes was analyzed by FTIR spectrum.The porosity of the polymer membranes were measured by immersing the membranes into n-butanol. The conductivity of the composite membranes was determined by impedance spectroscopy and the methanol permeability of the membranes was obtained from diffusion experiments. The surface morphology images were investigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM). The SEM image of the composite membrane incorporated with TiO2 has many pores which increased the conductivity of the membrane as compared to non TiO2 incorporated one. The composite membrane with TiO2 showed a good balance between proton conductivity and methanol permeability. The cell with PVDF-HFP/PVA/TiO2 composite membrane showed higher power density.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(2), 125-132, 2021
Self microemulsifying powder using Aerosil as a carrier
Authors: Arju N , Bara PK , Amin MT , Bhowmik DR , Hossain MS
Published: June 2021

This investigation highlighted the development of a solid self micro emulsifying drug delivery system (solid SMEDDS) for improved oral delivery of Valsartan. Liquid SMEDDS were formulated and then the liquid formulation was transformed into free-flowing powder by adsorption on a solid carrier. Here the formulations were prepared in various ratios of the drug to the excipients. Various evaluation studies were performed. In-vitro release profiles of all formulations were evaluated. The concentration of the diffused drug was measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer at λmax= 250 nm. The faster dissolution was exhibited by the formulations containing Avicel. The experimental results for prepared solid-SMEDDS showed the improved dissolution of the study drug in a short time. F-3 (Assay:77%; Dissolution: 51.7% after 45 min, 63% after 60 min) and F-4 (Assay:63%; Dissolution: 49.1% after 45 min, 67% after 60 min) showed better evaluation study and this two might be formulated in future. Thus, this study revealed the formulation solid-SMEDDS using Aerosil 200 as an adsorbent with the potential of enhancing the solubility, and dissolution rate of the drug.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(2), 141-146, 2021
Pattern of Contraceptive Used by Tribal Couples of Chattogram Hill Tract
Authors: Zafreen Farzana , Wahab Md Abdul , Razzak Md Abdur , Rahman Md Habibur
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Chattogram hill tract is the least economically developed area of Bangladesh where, education and health care facilities are hard to reach. Pattern of contraceptive use depends on couples’ socio-cultural, education and economic condition.

Objective: To find out the pattern of contraceptive used by selected tribal couples of Guimara Upazila of Khagrachari District.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to March 2017 on 145 married women age ranging from 15 to 45 years reported to outpatient department of Border Guard Hospital, Guimara, Khagrachari were selected purposively after informed written consent. All the necessary data were collected in a pretested structured questionnaire by face to face interview.

Results: Among the 145 respondents highest 50.3% was in age group of 15-25 years. Respondents’ ethnicity was Marma 37.9%, Tripura 38.6% and Chakma 23.5%. Majority 52.4% of the respondents’ profession was farming, 68.3% was illiterate and 55.9% had monthly family income less than five thousand Taka. Only 39.3% respondents were using various types of contraceptives. Among the ethnic groups 47.1 Chakma, 39.3% Tripura and 34.5% Marma respondents were using contraceptives. Among the contraceptive user, 93% were using temporary methods and only 7% using permanent methods. Among the contraceptives users oral contraceptive pill (OCP) was highest 56.1% followed by condom 15.8% and injectable 8.8%. Respondents got information about contraceptives mostly from family planning workers 50.9% followed by relatives 19.3%.

Conclusion: Majority of the tribal couple of this study population were not using any contraceptives. Those couple were using contraceptives among them OCP was most common. Appropriate measure should be taken to increase the contraceptive use rate by tribal couples of Chattogram Hill Tracts.

JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 158-160
Health-Related Quality of Life among Elderly Population of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmmed FM Shamim , Rahman Md Saydur , Zafreen Farzana , Ara Rowshan , Islam Md Ziaul
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Elderly population in Bangladesh is one of the largest in the world in term of absolute number and ageing is an emerging problem. Elderly are at risk from non-communicable diseases as well as mental problems and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) affects in urban and rural elderly.

Objective: To find out and compare HRQoL in urban and rural elderly population of Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods:A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out to compare HRQoL in urban and rural elderly. This was a two samples study; 130 each from urban and rural. Total 260 elderly were selected conveniently. Data were collected through face to face interview using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire of SF-36 v2 HRQoL survey.  This study was carried in urban elderly residing in Ward number 3, Race Course, Cumilla City Corporation and in rural elderly residing in Noapuskuni Village of Babutipara Union, Muradnager Upazila, Cumilla. This one-year study was conducted from 15 July 2017 to 14 June 2018.

Results: Majority of the elderly were Muslim (91.5%), female (53.5%), married (59.6%) and from joint family (91%). The mean ± SD age of elderly was 69.26±6.337 years and mean ± SD monthly family income was Tk. 16561.54±9192.076. SF- 36 v2 HRQoL scale; a licensed software-based survey tool was used measure the health-related quality of life of elderly.  Most of the elderly were found with average physical component summary (PCS) (53.1%) and mental component summary (MCS) (50.8%) of HRQoL. Age had significant negative correlation with PCS (p<0.001) and MCS (p<0.001) in urban and rural elderly. Education level of urban and rural elderly had significant positive correlation with PCS (p<0.01) and MCS (p<0.01). Marital status of urban and rural elderly had significant negative correlation with PCS (p<0.001) and MCS (p<0.001) of HRQoL. Among the rural respondents, the mean ± SD of PCS of male was 43.79±5.766 and female was 41.14±6.860. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Mean score of PCS of urban and rural respondents were 45.68±6.366 and 42.43±6.467 respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Mean scores of MCS of urban and rural respondents were 43.96±4.921 and 42.56±7.028 respectively. This difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Most of the elderly had average level of health-related quality life. Rural female elderly had significantly lower physical health of HRQoL than that of rural male elderly. Physical dimension of HRQoL of rural elderly was significantly lower than that of urban elderly.

JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 161-164
Socio-demographic Characteristics of Depressive Illness Patients Attending a Selected Military Hospital
Authors: Hamid Md Abdul , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Islam Md Rafiqul , Islam Sheikh Shahidul
Published: June 2021

Introduction:Depressive illness is generally not perceived as an important public health problem and is not priority in health care delivery system in Bangladesh. It is the leading cause of disease-related disability in the country today. Gender differences in depression are likely to be result of certain risk factors.

Objectives: To find out gender difference in epidemiological and socio-demographic features associated with depressive illness.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among 91 diagnosed depressive patients attending in the psychiatry department of CMH Dhaka from January to December 2014. The patients were interviewed through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20.  Chi-square test was used to see the level of significance.

Results: In this study the mean age of the patients was 34.47±9.577 years. The study revealed that depressive illness appears to be  more in female during child bearing and child rearing period of 16-39 years and male of 40-63 years were more sufferer than female which was significantly different (p<0.05). In this study 63.74% of patients were female and 36.26% were male with ratio of 1.757:1. It was observed that the association of depression with residence in urban area in female (72.1%) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than male (27.9%) in the same area. This study revealed that the association of depression with history of financial hardship in female was statistically significant (p<0.05) over their male counter-part.The study also revealed that strenuous job was significantly (p<0.05) associated with depression in female than male.

Conclusion:  The overall finding of the study indicates that possibility of gender difference in certain epidemiological and sociodemographic features of depressive illness is significantly present. As depressive illness has significant impact on burden of disease and quality of life, this issue needs to be addressed.

JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 178-180
Barodontalgia among Aircrew of Bangladesh Air Force
Authors: Rahman Md Masudur , Khan Mizanur Rahman , Ahsan Mohammad Ahmed , Alam Mohammad Khairul , Wahab Md Abdul
Published: June 2021

subjected to atmospheric pressure changes and have an influence on flights. Barodontalgia is caused whenever the pulp is exposed to differential pressure gradient.

Objective:  To see the barodontalgia among aircrew of Bangladesh Air Force.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Dental wing medical squadron BAF base Basher Dhaka. The study participants were recruited during one year among all the pilots and crewmembers attending departments specializing in medical follow-up at the study period from the Bangladesh Air Force.

Results: Among the 50 barodontalgia group, most 39(78%) of the respondents were found technical and military flying whereas 50 without barodontalgia group 38(76%) specifically in military flying. In barodontalgia, 62% respondents were found in moderate pain (4-6), 26% in mild pain (1-3) and 32% in severe pain (7-10). In barodontalgia, 50% respondents were descent of barodontalgia, 52% were altitude where barodontalgia was reported to appear during the flight was <4000 meters and 70% were flight speed was 500-1000 km/h. Most of the respondents were found specifically in commercial flights in patients with barodontalgia. Majority pain intensity was found moderately in barodontalgia

JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 186-188
Study on Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc Cases Admitted in Military Hospitals
Authors: Ali ASM Zulfiquer , Zafreen Farzana , Wahab Md Abdul
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Prolapsed intervertebral disc is a condition that can occur anywhere along the spine, but most often occurs in the lower back. It is sometimes called a bulging, protruding or ruptured disc. It is one of the most common causes of lower back pain as well as leg pain or sciatica.

Objective: To study the demographic characteristics of prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc by age, gender, clinical presentation, levels of spinal column involvement, treatment options and post operative complications for lumbar disc prolapse.

Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Rangpur and Saidpur Combined Military Hospital from September2017 to December 2018. A Total of 223 Cases was studied and data were collected by semi-structured questionnaire by face to face interview and medical documents.

Results: Most commonly affected disc spaces were L5/S1(35.87%)followed by L4/L5 (33.18%) and L4/L5,L5/S1(14.28%). Males were mostly affected and commonest among 30-39 years’ age group (45.29%). Chi-square test is done and result is statistically significant (p<0.01). Most of the cases given conservative treatment 202(90.58%), surgical treatment given 21(9.41%). Mechanical backache wasthe most common (14.29%) post operative complications.

Conclusion: In this study prolapsed intervertebral disc was common in the lower lumbar region at the level of L4/L5 and L5/S1.

JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 221-223
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung in an Infant
Authors: Hossain SM Shahadat , Haque Khan Nazmul , Sultana Mahbuba
Published: June 2021

Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation (CCAM) is considered a hamartomatous lesion of lung with excessive proliferation of bronchial structure without alveoli.  We have treated a child of 12 months who presented with difficulty in breathing after birth and chest x-ray PA view shows increase lucency in the right upper zone suggestive of CCAM. Patient underwent right upper lobectomy under general anaesthesia and now she is fine.

JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 235-236
Munchausen Syndrome Presenting with Bleeding per Nose, Ears, Eyes and Mouth1
Authors: Bhuiyan Shah Mohammad Ashek Uddin , Islam Md Azizul , Chowdhury Sohel Hasan , Hossain Md Azad
Published: June 2021

In 1951, Richard Alan John Asher first reported Munchausen syndrome as a factitious disorder. The essential feature of this disorder is that patients feign physical symptoms to get admission in a hospital. These patients may feign symptoms of disorder of any organ system. Even experienced clinicians are deceived by these symptoms and histories presented by these patients. Usually they know which of the symptoms and diagnoses usually require hospital admission or medication. Because of rarity of this disease and lack of knowledge and awareness even among the physicians, often misdiagnosis occur which results in unnecessary use of medical tests and evaluations. For these reasons this is one of the toughest and challenging diagnoses in any medical set up. We present this rare case of a patient who presented to the department of emergency, ENT and Eye repeatedly with Bleeding per nose, ears, eyes and mouth for 8 months. The patient was successfully treated, initially with psychotropic then psychotherapy with no recurrence. This interesting and rare case is presented to create awareness amongst all specially to medical population about Munchausen syndrome so that they can be diagnosed easily and treated with efficiency as well as misdiagnosis and unnecessary use of medical resources can be avoided.

JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 237-239
Still’s Disease–A Case of Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Razzak Md Abdur , Rahman Afsana , Rahman Quazi Audry Arafat
Published: June 2021

Still’s disease is an auto-inflammatory multisystem disease characterized by high spiking fever, salmon-colored rash that comes and goes, arthritis and other varieties of systemic manifestations. The puzzling fever and leukocytosis and high serum level of procalcitonin mistakenly may lead to diagnosis of severe bacterial infection or sepsis. But use of broad-spectrum antibiotic fails to improve the condition. It may mimic other multisystem autoimmune rheumatic diseases, but autoantibodies are negative. It may resemble the malignancies like leukemia and lymphoma, but lymph node biopsy and bone marrow study does not support. We have reported a case of Still’s disease in a 14-year-old young boy. Initially he presented like a viral illness, but high fever persisted for more than 4 weeks associated with body ache and skin rash withoutany arthritis. He had cervical lymphadenopathy, mild hepatosplenomegaly, pleural and pericardial effusion. He had persistent leukocytosis, high serum procalcitonin and high serum ferritin but low serum iron. Bacterial infection and sepsis were excluded, hematologic malignancy was ruled out by lymph node biopsy and bone marrow examination. There was no conclusive evidence of tuberculosis. Still a therapeutic trial was given but failed to produce any benefit. After exclusion of all the possible differentials and basing on diagnostic criteria he was diagnosed as a case of Still’s disease. With the use of steroid and immunosuppressive agent his condition improved dramatically and now he is leading a normal life.

JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 240-242
Päivähoidosta varhaiskasvatukseen
Authors: Ranta Samuli , Sajaniemi Nina , Eskelinen Mervi , Lämsä Tiina
Published: June 2021

Suomessa päivähoidon ja varhaiskasvatuksen vaikuttavuuden yhtenä mittarina on ollut koulussa tai työelämässä menestyminen. Päivähoidolle ja varhaiskasvatukselle asetetut tavoitteet ovat aina tavalla tai toisella liittyneet yhteiskunnan taloudellispoliittisiin olosuhteisiin, josta käsin ne ovat ohjanneet myös toiminnan sisältöjä ja laatua. Laadunarvioinnin lähtökohtana ovat olleet palvelujärjestelmän mahdollisuudet vastata työelämän ja perheen tarpeisiin. Lasten kokonaisvaltaiseen oppimiseen ja hyvinvointiin tähtäävän pedagogiikan arviointi on sen sijaan jäänyt vähemmälle huomiolle. Tässä katsauksessa keskitytään tarkastelemaan päivähoidossa ja varhaiskasvatuksessa tapahtuneiden rakenteellisten muutosten vaikutuksia pedagogisen toiminnan toteuttamiseen.
Kivijalan vahvistamisesta
Authors: Hytönen Kirsi-Maria
Published: June 2021

Pääkirjoitus numeroon 2/2021
A Case of Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum of External Auditory Canal
Authors: Jang Junhyuk , Park Sung Yool , Park Ha Young , Heo Kyung Wook
Published: June 2021

Ceruminous glands are specialized sudoriferous glands located in the external auditory canal (EAC). Tumors originating from these ceruminous glands are rare lesions of EAC; in particular, syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP) is an extremely rare ceruminous glands neoplasm to occur in the EAC. Although it is rare, the association of SCAP with tubular apocrine adenoma in the background of nevus sebaceous on the body, extremities, and scalp is well documented. In this article, we report on a 60-year-old male who presented a mass in EAC, which was surgically removed. The final diagnosis of SCAP was determined by histological analysis and the patient has been well without recurrence.
Efficacy of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring during Thyroidectomy with Transcutaneous Adhesive Skin Electrodes
Authors: Seo Sang Gyu , Lee Hyoung Shin , Jo Ki Hun , Kim Sung Won , Lee Kang Dae
Published: June 2021

Background and Objectives Variable types of electrodes for intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) during thyroid surgery have been introduced to make up for the shortcomings of conventional endotracheal electromyogram tube. In this study, we sought to evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous adhesive skin electrodes for IONM of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thyroidectomy.Subjects and Method A total 97 nerves at risk of 80 patients were enrolled in this study. Two disposable adhesive skin electrodes were attached at both upper margins of thyroid cartilage. Using NIM 3.0 system (Medtronic), we recorded the amplitude and latency of signals of vagus nerve and RLN following the standard procedure of IONM. Clinicopathologic factors as well as the preoperative and postoperative vocal cord functions of the patients were analyzed.Results IONM was successful in all nerves at risk without any false loss of signals. There were no complications nor any significant time delay due to adhesive skin electrodes. The mean amplitudes from the vagus nerve (V1) and RLN (R1) were 230.64 µV and 293.48 µV, respectively. Two nerves at risk showed loss of signal and the two patients showed postoperative temporary vocal cord paralysis. The amplitude of signals from the vagus nerve (V1, V2) was significantly higher in the lower body mass index (BMI) group compared to that of the higher BMI group.Conclusion IONM using transcutaneous skin electrodes may be considered as an alternative technique for IONM during thyroid surgery.
Green hydrogen production by solar photocatalysis using Pt-TiO2 nanosheets with
reactive facets
Authors: Wang Bin , Wan Daniel H C , Cheung Altair T F , Leung Denis Y C , Lu Xiao-Ying , Leung Michael K H
Published: June 2021

Green production of hydrogen is essential for the development of a hydrogen economy. In this study, the photocatalytic water-splitting technology is developed to harness solar energy for production of renewable hydrogen. Pt-TiO2 nanosheets were fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method, followed by photo-reduction of Pt(acac)2 on B,F-codoped TiO2 with reactive facets. The as-prepared photocatalysts were characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic hydrogen production performance was systematically investigated under UV-visible irradiation. The parametric results indicate that the TiO2 nanosheet structure, Pt loading and photocatalyst concentration have significant impacts on the photocatalytic hydrogen production. The highest hydrogen production rate obtained is 5,086 μmol h-1g-1.