bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water Adsorption on the β-Dicalcium Silicate Surface from DFT Simulations: a Dual Nucleophilic-Electrophilic Interaction
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Manzano Hegoi , López-Arbeloa Iñigo , Shen Xiadong
Published: April 2018

β-dicalcium silicate (β-Ca2SiO4, or β-C2S in cement chemistry notation) is one of the most important minerals in cement. An improvement of its hydration speed would be the key point for developing environmentally friendly cements with lower energy consumption and CO2 emissions. However, there is a lack of fundamental understanding on the water/β-C2S surface interactions. Therefore, in this work we aim to understand the water adsorption and dissociation mechanism on the β-C2S (100) surface using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our results indicate that thermodynamically favorable water adsorption process takes place in several surface sites, with a broad range of adsorption energies (-0.78 to -1.24 eV), depending on the particular water conformation and surface site. To clarify the key factor governing the adsorption, the electronic properties of water at the surface sites were analyzed. The partial density of states (DOS), charge analysis, and electron density difference analyses suggest a dual interaction of water with β-C2S (100) surface: a nucleophilic interaction of the water oxygen lone pair with surface calcium atoms, and an electrophilic interaction (hydrogen bond) of one water hydrogen with surface oxygen atoms, being the first one the stronger interaction. Hence, we suggest that β-C2S hydration could be enhanced by introducing chemical or structural changes that increase both the electronegative/positive character of the surface.
Recent Microdevice-based Aptamer Sensors
Authors: Mazaafrianto Donny Nugraha , Maeki Masatoshi , Ishida Akihiko , Tani Hirofumi , Tokeshi Manabu
Published: April 2018

Since the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method was developed, aptamers have made significant contributions as bio-recognition sensors. Microdevice systems allow for low reagent consumption, high-throughput of samples, and disposability. Due to these advantages, there has been an increasing demand to develop microfluidic-based aptasensors for analytical technique applications. This review introduces the principal concepts of aptasensors and then presents some advanced applications of microdevice-based aptasensors on several platforms. Highly sensitive detection techniques such as electrochemical and optical detection have been integrated into lab-on-a-chip devices and researchers have moved towards the goal of establishing point-of-care diagnoses for target analyses.
PERENCANAAN KEUANGAN SYARI’AH DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN KELUARGA PADA ANGGOTA MAJELIS TA’LIM
Authors: ZR Ratna Anggraini , Hasanah Nuramalia , Zakaria Adam
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: Implementation of the sharia economy should be directed not only focused on banking activities. Sharia economic system is intended to provide benefits to the economy as a whole, including the management of family finances. Any religion in line with this concept is primarily Islamic as a mercy to the universe. This community service program aims to socialize sharia economy in family financial management, by taking mother lessons from learning in assemblies in Cawang Village. The result shows the spirit to immediately implement the sharia family financial planning.

 

ABSTRAK: Implementasi ekonomi syariah saat ini harus diarahkan tidak hanya terfokus pada kegiatan perbankan. Sistem ekonomi syariah dimaksudkan untuk memberikan manfaat bagi perekonomian masyarakat secara keseluruhan termasuk pengelolaan keuangan keluarga. Agama apapun sejalan dengan konsep ini terutama Islam sebagai rahmat bagi alam semesta. Program pelayanan masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mensosialisasikan ekonomi syariah dalam pengelolaan keuangan keluarga sebagai upaya untuk memperbaiki perencanaan keuangan rumah tangga, dengan mengambil pelajaran Ibu dari pembelajaran di majelis di Desa Cawang. Hasilnya Kegiatan tersebut menunjukkan semangat untuk segera menerapkan perencanaan keuangan keluarga syariah.
PENDIRIAN RUMAH BACA DAN PELATIHAN SOFTSKILL UNTUK GURU-GURU SEKOLAH DASAR DI DESA MADOBAK DAN DESA MUARA SIBERUT KEPULAUAN MENTAWAI
Authors: Suhud Usep , Zulaihati Sri , Pahala Indra
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: Activities devotion the community aims to build a house read in the village madobak and village Muara siberut and training soft skill about science game for school teachers primary and secondary on the island of siberut, the archipelago Mentawai.Although the implementation of the devotion was conducted in June 2009, but this writing has been updated based on the latest data and references so novelty writing is still.The implementation of the devotion performed along with professionals from jakarta.

 

ABSTRAK: Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mendirikan Rumah Baca di Desa Madobak dan Desa Muara Siberut dan pelatihan softskill tentang science game untuk guru-guru sekolah dasar dan menengah di Pulau Siberut, kepulauan Mentawai. Meskipun pelaksanaan pengabdian ini dilakukan pada Juni 2009, namun tulisan ini telah dimutakhirkan berdasarkan data dan referensi termutakhir sehingga kebaruan tulisan tetap ada. Pelaksanaan pengabdian dilakukan bersama dengan para professional dari Jakarta.

Kata Kunci: Mentawai, pengabdian masyarakat, rumah baca, pelatihan soft-skill, guru
Security Related Human Rights - Correct Risk Management for All Scenarios
Authors: Hunt Kevin
Published: April 2018

In recent times, there has been a significant improvement in the way companies understand and conduct their CSR practices. Many companies now actively engage in social initiatives, environmental issues, local employment and stakeholder engagement. Increasingly, human rights issues are recognised as something which must be addressed both strategically and operationally. More specifically under human rights issues, risks from security related human rights are more frequently identified and mitigated. However, this is not always the case and it is not unusual for these risks to be overlooked or ignored, particularly in a more benign security environment.

By examining two very different security risk environments this paper will illustrate how easily security related human rights risks can go unnoticed unless care is taken very early on in the risk management process. In addition, the paper will discuss key tools designed to help mitigate the risks and who is suited to implement these measures.

The paper will show that it is possible to identify and mitigate security related human rights risks as long as companies adopt the correct approach and support.
Methods of Early Gas Kick Detection and Well Control Risk Assessment in Deepwater Drilling
Authors: Xu Yuqiang , Guan Zhichuan , Chen Weiqing
Published: April 2018

Gas kick early detection and well control are the hotpots and difficulties in deepwater drilling, so this paper aims to establish methods for more accurate gas kick early detection in deepwater drilling, and on this basis, to evaluate the gas kick degree and killing risk, providing a new method for fine well control in deepwater drilling. The calculation model of wellbore annulus temperature and pressure in deepwater drilling was established, which was used to calculate the wellbore multiphase flow;

The limitations of conventional gas-kick methods were analyzed by using wellbore multiphase flow calculation model. On this basis, the gas kick early monitoring method based on identification of gas-liquid two-phase flow in deep-water riser was proposed, and its applicable conditions and advantages were analyzed;Through the introduction of maximum allowable casing pressure and gas position, the design method of pit gain warning value for deepwater drilling was established and compared with the conventional methods. Through the analysis of relationship between gas position and pig gain under different conditions, the limitations of current pig gain monitoring method were analyzed. Examples showed that: for deepwater wells whose water depth was greater than 800 m (existing shallow gas reservoirs, or with medium-low permeability formations), the gas kick early detection method based on identification of two-phase flow in deep-water riser had obvious advantages. And the gas kick degree could be calculated in real time based on identification of two-phase flow in riser. The pit gain warning value calculated by the design method established in this paper was more accurate and reliable, and under the certain condition of well control equipment, through operating parameters and formation parameters, a more accurate and reliable gas kick detection could be carried out by using this method. Therefore, the pit gain warning value could be designed according to specific well or depth. The methods of gas kick early detection and well control risk assessment in deepwater drilling proposed in this paper could detect gas kick more accurately and previously compared with the conventional methods. At the same time, it achieved the real-time quantitative description of gas kick degree, which was conductive to improving gas kick early detection accuracy and reducing monitoring cost. It has broad application prospects with further improvement of theory and equipment.
Incident Investigation: A Culture Change Tool?
Authors: Perkinson Larry
Published: April 2018

Objective

Incident investigation is one of the most fundamental safety and health tools. It is generally present even in the most stagnant of organizational safety cultures. Trying to change the safety culture of an organization can be a daunting challenge to even the most seasoned of safety and health professionals. Moving culture in the right direction requires either vision or pain. What if there was a tool that could capitalize on both?

The OGP published the "Guide to Selecting Appropriate Tools to Improve HSE Culture" in 2010. While they took the approach of picking tools that fit the existing safety culture, whatever it happened to be, this approach looks at what incident investigation tools might actually move the culture forward based on either a vision or pain - and what better way to capitalize on organizational pain than after an incident? Investigation tools then become the proverbial "camel's nose under the tent" to push the culture forward.

Methods & Procedures

The steps of the HSE Culture Ladder, along with their respective definitions, in the IOGP Report 435, A Guide to Selecting Appropriate Tools to Improve HSE Culture were reviewed. Since the descriptions of investigation tools and processes in the report are minimal, a review was performed of best practices in incident reporting, investigation and root cause. Each of these practices was reviewed in light of the general HSE Culture Ladder step descriptions and these tools then placed in one of the levels.

For each level of the HSE Culture Ladder, detailed descriptions of how the various incident reporting, investigation, and root cause analysis tools would be used at the respective levels were written.

Results & Conclusions

The result was a tool with which an existing incident reporting, investigation and root cause analysis program can be reviewed to determine what level on the HSE Culture ladder the program falls. This provides a very good indicator of where the overall company safety and health culture would likely fall, since so many of the programs found in incident reporting, investigation and root cause analysis touch and integrate with so many other programs that significantly affect safety and health culture.

The tool also provided a road-map of progressive implementation steps a company can use to move forward their incident reporting, investigation and root cause analysis programs.
Sustainable Development Goals Atlas
Authors: Mire Rick , Depraz Sophie , Collacott Becci , Collins Amy
Published: April 2018

In 2017, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), International Finance Corporation (IFC) and IPIECA released a joint report, Mapping the Oil and Gas Industry to the SDGs: An Atlas (from here on referred to as the Atlas). The Atlas focuses on creating a shared understanding of the implications of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the oil and gas industry and how the industry can most effectively contribute to their achievement. The Atlas offers an overview of opportunities and challenges, demonstrating the actual and potential contributions of the industry to the achievement of the SDGs. It reviews each goal separately, highlighting existing knowledge and resources, examples of good practice, and case studies of innovative efforts by companies in support of each goal.

This paper will discuss the aims of the Atlas, which is to encourage companies to further incorporate relevant SDGs into their business and operations, validate their current efforts, and spark new ideas. If replicated and applied widely, the practices and examples presented in the Atlas could make important contributions to the SDGs. Success will require substantial and sustained leadership by national and local governments, in partnership with the private sector, communities and civil society, development agencies, and other stakeholders. Oil and gas companies can more effectively contribute by collaborating with stakeholders to broaden their impact and enhance their ability to leverage additional resources in support of the SDGs agenda.

Whilst developing the Atlas, the authors found that the oil and gas industry has the potential to contribute to all 17 SDGs. However, there are some SDGs where the industry has particularly strong opportunities to contribute, for example, the goals relating to affordable and reliable energy (SDG7); climate action and life on land and in water (SDGs 13, 14 and 15); economic development and innovation (SDGs 8 and 9); and health and access to clean water (SDGs 3 and 6). To demonstrate the contribution the industry can make, this paper will take a deep dive into goal 7; drawing upon the case studies and information from the Atlas and highlighting their interlinked nature by illustrating how contributing to just one goal can influence other goals.
Potential Application of Crude Oil Degrading Bacteria in Oil Spill and Waste Management
Authors: Al Mujaini M.. , Joshi S. J. , Sivakumar N.. , Al-Bahry S. N.
Published: April 2018

Crude oil biodegradation by bacterial strains isolated from oil contaminated soil samples, Oman, were performed and its potential applications in crude oil waste management were analyzed. Accidental and occasional crude oil spills, treatment of produced water containing hydrocarbons and oil, and waste management are a major concern for petroleum industries. Various techniques such as, chemical, physical, biological and thermal treatments, are reported for treating spills and wastes on-site. We analyzed crude oil biodegradation by selected bacterial isolates from Oman, under reservoir conditions. Four potential bacterial isolates were selected, characterized by MALDI-Biotyper, and studied for crude oil biodegradation at 40 °C. The isolates were studied morphologically and by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and any changes in surface tension (biosurfactant production), during growth on crude oil as the only carbon source. Crude oil characteristics before and after biodegradation were analyzed by Gas chromatography-Mass specrtrometry (GC-MS). The bacterial strains were identified as Pseudomonas mendocina, Pseudomonas putida, and Brevibacillus agri. During the course of crude oil biodegradation, bacterial isolates showed growth, as analyzed by optical density measurement at 660 nm and cellular protein estimation; no changes were observed in surface tension values, and alteration in the cell morphology in presence of crude oil was observed. All four isolates showed oil clearing zones on agar plates coated with crude oil. Crude oil degradation was analyzed by GC-MS with respect to carbon numbers from C12 −C30. P. mendocina II, P. putida and B. agri showed reduction in all the compounds, but P. mendocina I showed very little degradation of hydrocarbons. Maximum crude oil biodegradation (~50%) was observed by P. mendocina II. It can be concluded that the present findings indicate the application potential of these bacterial isolates in the crude oil biodegradation. This could be the ideal solution to treat the contaminated soil and water, which can also be applied for the bioremediation of oil spills and water bodies as a cost effective and environmental friendly approach.
The Application of Unmanned Aerial Systems UAS's to Improve Emergency Oil Spill Response
Authors: Hall Sarah
Published: April 2018

Once the preserve of the military, Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS's) now have a wide range of civil applications including search and rescue operations, offshore oil and gas platform inspections, delivery of supplies to remote regions and aerial surveillance of crops. The Oil and Gas industry recognised the value of UAS's a few years ago and now the Oil and Gas Industry and Oil Spill Response Organisations (OSRO's) around the world are looking at ways to use UAS technology to have "eyes in the sky" to support spill responses and explore the safety, efficiency and cost benefits.
Preventing Workplace Transmission of Tuberculosis in a High Tuberculosis Endemic Country
Authors: Kapiri C.. , Kumar Nirven
Published: April 2018

Objective Scope

Papua New Guinea is a developing country with a high incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) and drug resistance TB. For 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported an incidence rate of 432 / 100,000 population with an estimated 3.4% of cases being multi drug resistance TB. In order to protect our workers, ExxonMobil PNG Limited (EMPNG), as the operator of the PNG LNG Project, implemented a TB Control Plan at our work sites to detect and prevent the spread of TB among our workforce. An outbreak of TB at the work place would result in significant disruption in operations resulting in a drop of productivity.

Methods, Procedures, Process

The TB control plan is implemented at all work sites where workers work and live together i.e. where there are camps or dormitories. The program covers all workers including short-term visitors who spend more than 30 days per year at a camp. The components of the TB Control plan are i) awareness of TB where every worker at the camp is given an educational talk on the signs and symptoms of TB, preventive measures and when to seek medical attention and ii) screening of all workers at the workplace by a TB questionnaire and Quantiferon Gold blood tests annually. Those identified with latent TB will undergo further tests to determine if they have active TB or not.

During the construction phase of the PNG LNG Project in 2010, TB screening was done by a questionnaire and subsequently in 2012, Quantiferon Gold testing was introduced to enhance the TB screening process. This was in response to the increase number of TB cases detected at the Project areas.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

Since 2012 when screening using the Quantiferon method was implemented, 14,704 workers had undergone TB screening at our worksites. Out of this, a total of 3802 workers were found to have latent TB and were subjected to testing for active TB. With close monitoring of workers with latent TB, we detected 28 workers who converted from latent to active TB over a period of time while working at our sites. Assuming that one person with active TB can infect up to 10 people, the screening and monitoring program helped prevent at least 280 active TB cases which would have resulted in significant operational disruption of the PNG LNG Project.

Novel/additive information

The ExxonMobil PNG Ltd TB Control Plan has succeeded in detecting and preventing the spread of TB at the workplace. As more companies operate in TB endemic countries, implementing a robust control plan will help ensure a safe, healthy and productive workforce
The Great Risk Delusion
Authors: Roberts Gareth Huw
Published: April 2018

The objective of this paper is to challenge the industry risk management paradigm and concept of ‘good practice’, and to encourage readers to adopt a revised outlook on how risks are assessed and managed which can result in optimized CAPEX and OPEX HSE spend, and supports robust demonstration that risks are As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP).

Based on decades of major hazard industry management experience, the author discusses how the implementation of modern industry tools and methods applied in HSE risk management in many parts of the world has the inherent potential to make us believe that risks are being managed effectively, whether or not that is supported by evidence; common ‘delusion factors’ include judgement of risk based on how others have managed hazards, and focusing on what study must be carried out rather than the application of the study as a tools to add value to the risk management process.

Readers should be challenged to recognize these ‘delusion factors’ and proposes a way forward for the industry which reflects a shift in mind-set as the starting point to overcoming the great risk delusion and moving towards a robust organizational assurance that risks are ALARP in its original, intended usage.

The paper's proposals reflect a shift in thinking which can improve performance across a range of major hazard industries, particularly in those locations reliant on a ‘tick-the-box’ compliance culture or on a workforce that has not developed within a risk-based regulatory environment.
Addressing Misunderstandings and Supporting Sonsistency in the Methane Discourse
Authors: Sathiamoorthy M. , Herbertson J. A. , Bajo L. Perez
Published: April 2018

Policymakers and stakeholders target methane as a significant contributor of global warming and so expectations to better understand and reduce methane emissions are increasing among the oil and gas industry and other sectors. This paper will present the findings of research conducted by a taskforce of members of an international petroleum industry environment conservation association and content of the resultant ‘Methane glossary’, which provides additional information on key methane-related terms to enable the use of a consistent and clear terminology within the methane discourse.

From 2013 to 2017 this association undertook a range of activities on methane including, holding a workshop and publishing a report on short-lived climate forcers, and publishing a fact sheet on ’Exploring methane emissions’. It also held a workshop to discuss gaps in knowledge on methane and consider studies, data and measurements from a variety of oil and gas operations globally. As a result, the ‘Methane glossary’ will present information to enhance industry understanding of methane management and emission sources.

The Glossary is a result of extensive collobaration between the industry association technical specialists, over many months, looking to utilise existing, clear defintions wherever suitable, adding clarity and consistency to other terms and complementing that with additional context to support the reader where that is helpful. The Glossary provides technical information for each of the terms selected, which range from concise wordings in some cases and more detailed text with pertinent, additional contextual information included, to provide a clear and consistent understanding of the terms described. The additional information has been extracted from a selection of academic papers, industry experience and publicly available good practice documentation.

The format of the Glossary was designed to take the reader through a logical flow of information, and is therefore divided into seven key sections: (1) Introduction, which provides contextual information on methane as well as instructions and clarifications to lead users throughout the document; (2) Methane sources, which outlines what the methane sources are, where to find them and why they occur; (3) Emissions estimation methodologies, detailing some of the main methodologies used to estimate methane emissions and related terms; (4) Methane detection and measurement which presents a list of work practices and technologies that can be used to measure methane emissions quantitatively and qualitatively; (5) General terms; (6) List of acronyms; (7) Proposals for further readings.
Sichuan Finishing Strong: Safety and Social Performance Excellence in Decommissioning and Restoration
Authors: Mota J. F. , Rattananon P. , Zhou X. , Zhao H. K. , Guo F. , Serpa R. , Yuan B. , Lin L.
Published: April 2018

Antoine de Saint-Exupery, once wrote: "If you want to build a ship, then don't drum up the men to gather wood, give orders and divide the work. Rather, teach them to yearn for the far and endless sea". This paper describes the "Finishing Strong" philosophy implemented in a Decommissioning and Restoration (D&R) campaign to help the organization "yearn for the far and endless sea".

The Finishing Strong philosophy successfully motivated staff, and delivered social, safety, and operational performance improvements in a D&R campaign in the Sichuan basin in China. The Finishing Strong philosophy core elements will be described to provide a basic roadmap. Leaders can use this roadmap to demonstrate care for staff, and thus improve safety, social and operational performance.

The D&R campaign involved the abandonment of technically complex wells, removal of production facilities, and restoration of land sites in a highly-populated area - typically involving 25 families in the average pad area of 2.5 acres. The challenges included managing diverse stakeholders with conflicting needs and motivating staff during the challenging phase of project closure.
Wellsite Risk Management Improvement Including Human Factors
Authors: Knode Tom , Schonacher Doug , Ritchie Norman
Published: April 2018

In recent years many companies within the oil and gas industry have begun looking outward, to other high risk and highly reliably industries for benchmarking opportunities to improve safety performance. One of the realizations that has come from research on failures and this benchmarking is the need to improve our understanding of Human Factors and all the aspects that entails. The SPE is working on the publication of a technical report "Getting to Zero and Beyond: The Path Forward" that highlights the need for more work on Human Factors and there is a standing Technical Section on that area as well. With this in mind, a mid-size international oil and gas company operating in the Canadian oil sands (Company) recognized the need to further develop their operational and safety leadership in preparation for an upcoming well campaign.

Early in 2017, a multi-day Wellsite Risk Management Improvement Workshop was conducted in advance of a summer Drilling and Completions campaign involving wells in the Alberta oil sands. The objective of the workshop was to provide wellsite leadership personnel with tools and techniques for improving the assessment and management of risk at the wellsite, including those arising from Human Factors and Human Error. The ultimate goal was to decrease the likelihood of at-risk behaviors in the performance of both routine and non-routine tasks. The workshop was conducted in Calgary and was attended by both Company and Contractor personnel. Some aspects of the workshop were challenging to the personnel attending, in particular those involving appropriate handling of Human Error and Human Failure.

As the well campaign started up, site visits to the field were undertaken to assess uptake and continued implementation of the tools and techniques trained during the workshop, and to determine what additional coaching and guidance was needed. The first stage of the evaluation process entailed observing work being conducted on site over several days to get a sense of typical work practices. Examples of the full continuum of safe and at-risk behaviors were observed, both non-enabled and enabled. Further actions were developed and implemented to habituate the trained concepts.

This paper will describe the training conducted, the monitoring and mentoring processes used and the overall findings and outcomes of the Wellsite Risk Management Improvement project.
Utilization of Gas Process Plant Effluents as an Emerging Source of Fresh Water for Crude Washing and Drilling Mud Preparation
Authors: Al Johi Hesham Mohamed , Shamashergy Mohamed Ali , Awadh Mohamed , Alsuwaidi Mohamed , Reddy Vijaya Bhaskar , Thyagarajan Santhanam , Albreiki Najat , Abdullah Dalia Salim , Mohammed Tariq Hasan
Published: April 2018

Water is crucial for oil and gas production and typically used for crude washing, drilling mud preparation and accommodation facilities. Water resources in UAE are scarce due to low average rainfall and high evaporation rates. Ground Water is over exploited and consequently the productivity of the aquifer was adversely affected[1]. The water shortage issues have a potential to threaten the sustainable development and hinder national plans for human, industrial and agricultural development[4].

ADNOC Onshore investigated number of technologies and opportunities to recycle wastewater. Upon conducting compatibility and modelling studies, it was established that ADNOC gas processing plant treated wastewater can be safely utilized for crude washing purposes and drilling mud preparation. The paper presents the methods adopted by ADNOC Onshore to evaluate the scaling effects, laboratory tests conducted to assess the suitability for crude washing, mud preparation and potential benefits by utilizinggas plant effluents.
Firefighter Fitness Programme
Authors: Stewart Gary
Published: April 2018

Fire and Emergency Teams need to be prepared to deal with a wide variety of emergency incidents. The ability to be prepared for these incidents is of paramount importance to ensure Emergency Teams can take appropriate actions to save life, minimize damage to assets, and reduce environmental impact. ADNOC Gas Processing Bu Hasa site Fire Section realised that to provide this emergency preparedness, we needed to ensure that our Firefighters were occupationally fit enough to deal with any emergency and not become a casualty themselves whilst carrying out their duties.

In line with the ADNOC strategic pillar of "People" and one of the cultural attributes "Always put Safety first", and inspired by world class firefighting and emergency culture, ADNOC Gas Processing Bu Hasa Plant Division have implemented a Firefighter Fitness Programme.

We have taken the initiative of developing and implementing a fitness measuring programme, firstly to ensure we can meet our obligations of providing a World Class Emergency Response, but also to encourage our Firefighters to measure and maintain their fitness. In short, we believe this programme will create fit healthy firefighters, encourage a healthy lifestyle, reduce sick leave and improve team morale. These will go a long way to ensuring that we have a safer plant, safer people and a safer environment.
ExxonMobil Culture of Health
Authors: Lundin Jill
Published: April 2018

This paper reviews the evolution of ExxonMobil's employee wellbeing program, the Culture of Health, and learnings that have been gathered from 14 years of the program's expansion. The Culture of Health program began in the United States as an initial health and wellness offering, and has evolved in to a full wellbeing program that includes participation incentives, biometrics, a health assessment and awareness campaigns. A global Culture of Health pilot program was launched in 2013, which proved to be successful and led to the global Culture of Health program roll out that is occurring at locations around the world today.

The main factors that have contributed to the success of Culture of Health include the integrated framework that surrounds key program components, the organizational support provided by various internal ExxonMobil teams, and the robust set of centralized tools and resources that enable Culture of Health advocates to efficiently promote the program and raise awareness among employees.

Through the evolution of Culture of Health and the launch of the global pilot program, fundamental learnings have been obtained that provide insight to how a comprehensive wellbeing program can be adapted for a variety of global audiences. This paper discusses the factors that are critical for program success, including existing organizational and operational mechanisms, central guidance and leadership engagement, in addition to aspects that may not be necessary for program success, like monetary incentives.
That Wasn't Supposed to Happen! Emergency Response Planning With Unforeseen High Consequence Low Probability Events.
Authors: Hudson P. A.
Published: April 2018

This paper looks at an incident that took place in 2009 where a ferry crossing across the Irish Sea suffered an incident, which tested the Emergency Response Plan and found that in this situation it was not sufficiently worked through to provide the anticipated required response. The paper outlines the incident, breaks down the elements into the organizational accident model elements. The paper goes on to identify how the emergency response plan was meant to operate, then what actually prevented its effective operation. The paper then describes how the issues around the emergency response plan implementation were resolved and what can be learned from the way in which the emergency response was re-organised.
Identification, Investigation, Reporting and Management of Occupational Illnesses in ADNOC Onshore
Authors: Al Hammadi Saud , Rasulova Zuleykha , Marshoodi Amina , Al Kaabi Noura , Khalid Abdul Nazar
Published: April 2018

ADNOC Onshore is committed to ‘Pursuing No Harm to People or the Community’ by preventing accidents and illnesses across its operations and projects.

ADNOC Onshore has established an integrated approach for the management of occupational health hazards and early identification of occupational illnesses.

Although vast amount of the published information on health hazards in oil and gas industry is available, the collaboration and cooperation between different parties in big corporations in the management of health hazards, especially in managing occupational illnesses is not much tackled.

This paper addresses the synergy established between number of the stakeholders to prevent, identify, investigate, report and manage occupational illnesses within ADNOC Onshore
Transforming Your Culture of Safety: Time To Lead
Authors: Patwa Taher Z. , Moussa Moustafa
Published: April 2018

A phrase search in google for "safety culture" results in 240 million hits in less than half a second…it's got to be an important phrase…

There are plenty of definitions for safety culture: Like in most organizations within the industry, safety culture is measured as a whole…not by the commitment of one person, one team or one rig. A true safety culture is not necessarily a place where accidents and incidents never happen. But it is a place where people routinely do their very best to do the right things for the right reasons.

A culture can also be described as the beliefs and behaviors handed down from one generation to the next, with each new employee and contractor representing the next generation of the company. This can be an opportunity, or a continuing challenge as exemplified by the findings from a major industrial incident which found, "…hazard training was largely passed down by experience from others. Sometimes this guidance was poor, perhaps due to an element of complacency…"

In a newspaper article, Dr. Najmedin Meshkati, professor of civil, environmental and system engineering at the University of Southern California, said, "A (strong) safety culture creates the necessary framework within an organization – whose development and maintenance is the responsibility of top management – and the attitude of staff at all different levels in responding to and benefiting from the framework."

When building such a culture, a company needs to create the environment which enables safety to be a core value and, more importantly, reside within the hearts of the individuals who work there. It should be something everyone practices both at work and in their personal lives.

By analyzing our existing culture we are able to see that we have allowed conditions and events to drive our actions. This results in a very reactive leadership style which is subject to short term improvements, and lacking in long term sustainability. We have not been focused in the areas that will create lasting improvement.

To obtain long term sustainable cultural changes, a proactive "bottom up" leadership style must be obtained in which every supervisor / manager has a sound understanding of the capabilities of the employees under their supervision. This will result in the formation of a team effort culture that is clearly focused on problem solving and long term solutions.

But how does a company build this type culture? What follows are the practical steps one company took in order to begin their cultural transformation and, more importantly, how this initiative helped substantially reduce their overall Total Recordable Incident Rate (TRIR).
Learning from Incidents - Oily Water Drainage System
Authors: Molelputhenpura Kuriakose Mathew , Adel Khalid , Al Awadhi Ibrahim
Published: April 2018

Among the various drainages in oil and gas plant, oily water drainage system is critical with high risk considering its hydro carbon content and accumulation of explosive vapours due to improper functioning of any components in the system. This paper presents some of the shortcomings in the design/arrangement/maintenance of the different elements, learnings from an explosion incident and the improvements to avoid accidents.

The drainage systems in ADNOC Gas Processing plants are Clean Water Sewer, Sanitary Sewer, Oily Water Sewer (Accidentally Oil Contaminated / Continuously Oil Contaminated) and Chemical Drains. One of the unforeseen hazards has caused an explosion in an existing oily water sump inside the process area. The sump was of concrete construction and the cover slab was blown up resulting in considerable damages to the surrounding pipes/support. There was no injuries to personal. The root cause analysis of the incident was done and a study carried out for a safety review of oily water drainage system at all plants.

A study was carried out to identify possible hazards/design deficiencies of the oily water drainage facilities and recommend rectification measures. The study identified that the lines are placed in slope & mainly "run dry" after use, liquid seal not available in some manholes causing HC vapour upstream movement, the manholes/sumps are closed, vent pipes size is small and some are blocked. These lead to accumulation/formation of hydrocarbon mixture inside closed sump, ignition by overheating of the pump installed over the pit and subsequent explosion. Recommendations for existing system include regular flushing of the lines with water to ensure transport of oily effluent & maintain liquid seal, regular removal of the floating hydrocarbon liquid from pits using vacuum truck, open up the manholes and use grating covers, provide self-skimming bucket where feasible, etc. Additionally, for new facilities it is recommended to lay the pipes horizontally to ensure liquid seal, provide turn-up elbows to reduce hydrocarbons accumulation in manholes, provide oil skimming/baffle wall in oil/water sumps, use classified equipment, carryout proper maintenance, etc.

The sump was reconstructed with the new design, which is now functioning well and the recommendations are being implemented in existing facilities and in all new projects.

The proposed improvements for the existing system as well as adopting the recommendations in future new drainage system can ensure the prevention of possible explosions and thereby reducing the related hazards to plant facilities/operations. Sharing of the related information among others having similar facilities increases the awareness about such unseen sources of incidents in a drainage system and related pro-active mitigating measures.
Wellness as an Enabler of Safety and Productivity – Implications for Safe Operations
Authors: Davis-Street Janis , Steinberg Michael , Grimsley Michael , Broll Micaela , McDonald Susanne
Published: April 2018

Objectives/Scope

Worksite health promotion programs result significant improvements in employee health and reductions in employer health care costs. Healthier employees are more likely to stay in their jobs and are less likely to be absent. Employees in self-identified healthier work environments also report improved morale and lower intention to quit. Increasingly, high quality applicants view the wellness culture ofa corporation as a key factor in choosing an employer. This case study describes relationships among business units’ wellness indexscores, health risk profiles, employee engagement, ergonomic and presenteeism data; as well as examines implications for safeoperations.

Method, Procedures, Process

Upstream, downstream and midstream business unit 2016 data in a multinational oil company has been examined. Business unit wellness index scores reflect participation in wellness best practices as determined from assessment of leadership engagement; workplace policies and environment; wellness programming; and data evaluation approach. Health risk profile and presenteeism data are determined from aggregate health risk appraisal data, which includes measures of lifestyle risk and productivity measures using validated survey tools. Employee engagement is determined at the business unit level based on responses to the global employee survey. Aggregate ergonomic data is determined from repetitive stress injury prevention software.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

In 2016, 9,575 employees completed a Health Risk Appraisal as part of their participation in the global Healthy Heart program. Unhealthy diet, overweight and poor blood pressures were identified as top risks in many locations. Three-year cohort data have demonstrated positive impacts on lost productivity due to health issues, and net positive risk level migration of at-risk U.S. participants. 2016 global employee survey data demonstrated that wellness was identified by the workforce as a strength, and was associated with employee engagement. Our comprehensive wellness programming has focused on the integration of wellness and safety, particularly related to ergonomic health and fitness for duty. By evaluating health risk data concurrent with wellness index scores, we determine alignment with wellness best practices and provide a tool for business units to assess their health programming and any needed organizational changes around health.

Novel/Additive Information

Prevention-focused health and wellness programs can impact workforce health in the diverse settings that energy companies operate. This paper provides relevant industry-specific data that support the business value of health and wellness programs, and begins to explore the relationships among health metrics, injury prevention, productivity and safety measures in a multinational oil company.
Community Liaison Officers: On the Frontline of Social Risk Management
Authors: Bebbington Clare , Wilson Emma
Published: April 2018

Community liaison officers play a critical role in developing and maintaining relationships with communities in and around the sites of company operations. When their role is structured and supported well, they make an essential contribution to a company's social licence to operate; they are key to the implementation of international standards and other corporate commitments; they provide insight and local knowledge which enhances the company's ability to manage a range of risks and uncertainties; and they are a familiar and accessible face with whom community members can raise concerns, realise opportunities and resolve grievances.

This paper sheds light on CLOs and the challenges they face. It draws on the authors’ original research and a survey undertaken on behalf of IPIECA of over 120 CLOs from 31 countries and representing 25 companies. It looks at who CLOs are, how they are employed and considers the significance of the CLO's own identity in relation to the communities with which they interact.

We make the case for flexible and iterative design of community-facing teams, recognising the inter-relationship of corporate, project/asset, societal and personal drivers on hiring decisions and job definitions. We emphasise the importance of open communication with colleagues and contractors, and we argue that the challenges faced by CLOs – especially those relating to their personal safety and well-being - need to be addressed more thoughtfully and with some urgency.

CLOs deserve greater respect and visibility for the role they play. By giving them the appropriate tools, techniques and language, companies will allow them to contribute fully and demonstrate their value to project and asset teams – and the communities themselves.
GROUP PURCHASING ORGANIZATIONS (GPO): UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Flexa Raquel , Lippi Maria Clara , Barbastefano Rafael Garcia
Published: April 2018

A gestão em saúde é uma área que busca aprimorar o desempenho das organizações envolvidas na prestação de serviços de saúde, seja do ponto de vista da eficiência na utilização de recursos, como na efetividade na resolução de problemas e atendimento aos seus objetivos. Nesse contexto, ações focadas na estruturação da relação entre os Sistemas de Saúde e os fornecedores de insumos e prestadores de serviços são justificadas dado o seu potencial de melhoria na eficiência de serviços de saúde, especialmente os hospitalares. Nesse sentido, uma das práticas é a constituição de organizações de compras coletivas – group purchasing organizations (GPO), com o objetivo de redução dos preços, maior qualidade dos materiais, menores custos de transação, redução dos riscos de suprimento e a troca de conhecimentos entre os membros do grupo. O presente artigo se propõe a proceder uma revisão da literatura sobre os GPO no setor da saúde, como forma de auxiliar e orientar futuras pesquisas sobre o tema. Os resultados encontram-se agrupados em quatro 4 temas: i) conceitos gerais; ii) tipologias; iii) modelo de negócio e iv) novos papéis dos GPO.
A Relação entre a Remuneração do Sistema Único de Saúde, os Custos dos Procedimentos Hospitalares e o Resultado: Estudo nas Santas Casas de Misericórdia do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Pires Maria Beatriz Nunes , De Oliveira Rosangela , De Alcantara Caio Cesar Violin , Abbas Katia
Published: April 2018

As Santas Casas exercem papel fundamental e estratégico na assistência à saúde dos brasileiros, se destacando pela representatividade no atendimento aos pacientes do sistema público de saúde, o qual as remunera com base em uma tabela padrão e benefícios adicionais. Nesse sentido, o estudo se propõe a responder a seguinte questão: Como a remuneração do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), mesmo com os incentivos em relação aos custos dos procedimentos hospitalares, afeta o resultado das Santas Casas do estado de São Paulo? Para responder ao problema proposto, o estudo tem por objetivo investigar se o endividamento das Santas Casas do estado em questão pode ser explicado pela insuficiência da remuneração do SUS. A pesquisa tem caráter descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com 10 Santas Casas do estado de São Paulo. A partir dos achados, verificou-se que o financiamento das Santas Casas é caracterizado pela defasagem entre os custos dos serviços e a sua remuneração, mesmo com os incentivos oferecidos, gerando resultados negativos e um endividamento crescente nessas instituições.