bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O REVERSO DA MEMÓRIA E O EFEITO MULTIESCALAR DA FRONTEIRA: RECONFIGURAÇÕES CULTURAIS ENTRE PORTUGAL E BRASIL (1888-1934)
Authors: Paredes Marçal De Menezes , Skolaude Mateus Silva
Published: December 2017

Este artigo analisa os jogos de memórias e expectativas observados entre intelectuais e portugueses e brasileiros que manifestaram apreensões relativas a uma putativa ligação luso-brasileira. Nossas reflexões situam-se em dois momentos históricos precisos: a proclamação da República no Brasil (1889) e a realização da 1ª Exposição Colonial do Porto (1934). Para além da importância dos eventos em si, interessa-se pela dimensão da crispação de memóriasprojetivas sobre uma pretensa marca da lusitanidade na América e na África. Nos dois momentos destaca-se a questão da unidade territorial relacionada às hermenêuticas identitárias. O temor da perda de unidade em escala americana, no final do XIX, ou em seus desdobramentos em escala africana, no século XX, buliam na compreensão sobre dada «lusitanidade». A fronteira, como conceito, revela-se um mecanismo de aglutinação de expectativas que interpela diferentes dimensões escalares de referência (Europa, América e África), sendo elemento constituidor do preenchimento contextual e discursivo das identidades nacionais.
DE LA FRONTERA CUESTIONADA A LA FRONTERA CONSTRUIDA. IBERISMOS Y ESTADO-NACIÓN EN EL SIGLO XIX
Authors: Rina Simón César
Published: December 2017

A mediados del siglo XIX, confluyeron en el espacio público peninsular dos visiones enfrentadas o complementarias de entender la frontera. Por un lado, los planteamientos iberistas que, apoyados en estudios geográficos y en viajes de reconocimiento, cuestionaron la existencia de la frontera natural, interpretada como un constructo monárquico basado en contingencias históricas, no en espacio común de los peninsulares. Por otro lado, el avance de los procesos de nacionalización y de consolidación de los estados liberales, sumado a los nuevos avances cartográficos, propició el interés creciente por delimitar con exactitud y sobre el terreno la frontera, de cara a ejercer la soberanía sobre el territorio y evitar prácticas de vecindad entre las poblaciones rayanas.
Ramón López Velarde. Obra poética (verso y prosa). Edición, estudio introductorio y notas de Alfonso García Morales. México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2016, 639 págs.
Authors: Salazar Anglada Aníbal
Published: December 2017

Se trata de una RESEÑA de la edición de la UNAM de la poesía de Ramón López Velarde, a cargo de Alfonso García Morales.
Determinación y caracterización de situaciones de temporal marino e inundación costera por rebase del oleaje en San Andrés, NE de Tenerife (1984-2014)
Authors: Rodríguez Báez José Ángel , Yanes Luque Amalia , Dorta Antequera Pedro
Published: December 2017

Los objetivos de este trabajo son la determinación y caracterización de situaciones de temporal marino e inundación costera por rebase del oleaje en San Andrés (NE de Tenerife) entre 1984 y 2014. Para ello, se realiza un análisis estadístico de los parámetros de oleaje (Hs, Hmax, Tp, L y Dirección) y dirección y velocidad del viento a partir de datos de modelos numéricos de generación y propagación de uno y otro (SIMAR, Puertos del Estado). Se identifican 56 temporales tras el establecimiento de un umbral de riesgo de 2,6 metros de altura de ola significante (Hs) mediante la aplicación del percentil 99. A continuación, se examinan en detalle dos de ellos por lo representativo del comportamiento de las olas y situación atmosférica que los origina. Aunque el 57,1% de los temporales es invernal, se analizan dos inundaciones costeras acontecidas en verano, en relación con la marea viva astronómica. Se trabaja también con la prensa, pues permite constatar la incidencia social y económica de los fenómenos en estudio y reconocer inundaciones que no registran los modelos numéricos.
Pérdida de humedales y vegetación por urbanización en la cuenca del río Grijalva, México
Authors: Palomeque de la Cruz Miguel Ángel , Galindo Alcántara Adalberto , Sánchez Alberto J , Escalona Maurice Miguel Jorge
Published: December 2017

La periurbanización se ha considerado como motor del cambio de uso del suelo y de la pérdida de ecosistemas y de biodiversidad. A partir de esta premisa, la investigación plantea el seguimiento, desde una doble perspectiva, histórica y predictiva, de los cambios en la superficie de los humedales y en la deforestación progresiva entorno a Villahermosa, la urbe más importante de la cuenca del río Grijalva, en el Estado de Tabasco (México). Se han utilizado diferentes métodos: el análisis bibliográfico para el periodo desde la fundación de la ciudad hasta el último tercio del siglo XX, la verificación de fotografías aéreas entre 1984 y 2008 y la modelización de escenarios futuros, entre 2020 y 2040. Desde el periodo colonial hasta mediados del siglo veinte, las inundaciones y la insalubridad dificultaron el crecimiento de la ciudad pese a la transformación de la red hídrica superficial en la cuenca, iniciada mediante la construcción de diques en el siglo XVII. Posteriormente, las elevadas tasas de pérdida de humedales y deforestación (-0.50 y -4.63 %) se incrementaron por la urbanización y el impacto de los programas de producción agropecuaria y petrolización. En los últimos 40 años, el desarrollo periurbano ocasionó la pérdida de 4.008 ha de vegetación arbórea y 289 ha de humedales, con una tendencia a desaparecer 1.449 y 356 ha adicionales respectivamente en el futuro 2040. Estos resultados resaltan la necesidad de rediseñar un programa metropolitano, transdisciplinario y sustentable que respete y actualice las reservas territoriales para regular la periurbanización.
LA ACCION DE NULIDAD POR USO PREVIO DE UN SIGNO DISTINTIVO. LA MARCA DE HECHO EN LAS LEGISLACIONES ARGENTINA Y MEXICANA
Authors: Pereira Marta Carolina Giménez
Published: December 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una descripción general del panorama actual de una figura típica de la Propiedad Industrial, cual es la marca, aquí estudiada en su excepción legal de registro y que se halla prevista en algunas legislaciones con los nombres de Marca de Hecho o Uso Previo o Derecho de Precedencia, denominación que adopta según los países que se analizarán, a saber, Argentina, México y, citando sólo someramente, Brasil. El estudio abarca la regulación de la figura en México y su vinculación con la jurisprudencia de Argentina, exponiendo el interés jurídico de la misma y sus efectos ante la acción de nulidad del registro marcario que queda nulificado mediante acción legal en caso de la excepción citada. También se citan otros aspectos genéricos utilizando un método comparativo, deductivo y de investigación bibliográfica.
Wind Power for a Cleaner Atmosphere
Authors: von Friedeburg Christoph
Published: December 2017

The relentless advance of global climate change is requiring all countries to either restructure their existing energy systems, or find new ways of building and expanding them. Ongoing reliance on fossil fuels has been demonstrated to be unsustainable, especially if we are to avoid global temperatures to rise by more than 2 degrees. Technology for using the power of the wind, in turn driven by the sun, which also doesn’t charge for its use, is among the most widely-used and popular, and has advanced substantially in recent decades. But wind power is also under enormous pressure to reduce cost per kWh produced, by way of increasing the rated capacity of turbines, their reliability, and the capacity factor. In addition to large onshore and offshore wind farms, smaller systems for use, such as in rural areas, are under development.

Renewable Energy - Wind brings together a systematic collection of research addressing the key challenges of wind power technology. Original research and review papers, and selected conference papers addressing ways to harness the energy of the wind are considered in this collection on all scales, including horizontal axis systems, vertical axis systems, related machinery and power electronics, and construction issues. This collection is designed to provide researchers and advanced students an orientation of the field, to point them to relevant workgroups, and to address current challenges. The collection will grow over time as new research is published, and the research community engages with it. There will be synergies with other collections within the
Renewable Energy Super Collection
.
Sistemas de Certificación en Clima Templado
Authors: Mercader-Moyano Dra. Arq. Pilar , Claro-Ponce Arq. José C.
Published: December 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer el campo normativo y herramientas vigentes que permiten certificar la eficiencia energética de edificios en España, dentro de los países en Clima Templado, los documentos reconocidos para su realización; así como la vinculación de los mismos con Directivas europeas encaminadas a cumplir los compromisos fijados por la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático. La comparativa entre las diferentes herramientas y con otros países de climas templados, permitirá identificar sus virtudes e inconvenientes, a fin de obtener conclusiones sobre las mejoras que podrían plantearse, desde el proceso de certificación y materia de eficiencia energética hasta las normativas que las regulan.
CONSTRUINDO E APRENDENDO COM O TRABALHO
Authors: Oliveira Anselmo Gomes de , Silveira Dâmaris
Published: December 2017

Ao publicarmos o último número do volume 29, out-dez 2017, estamos encerrando mais um ano de atividades do periódico Infarma – Ciências Farmacêutica. E gostaríamos de registrar nossos agradecimentos a todos - autores, revisores, editores associados e membros do corpo editorial - que contribuíram decisivamente para que esse trabalho se concretizasse durante o ano.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DOS SISTEMAS DE SAÚDE BRASILEIRO E BRITÂNICO NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Nicoletti Maria Aparecida , Faria Taissa de Mattos
Published: December 2017

O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e o National Health Service (NHS) possuem caráter público e oferecem acesso gratuito aos serviços de saúde. No entanto, em relação ao desenvolvimento da atenção básica, existem diferenças na cobertura destes dois sistemas. O objetivo foi fazer uma análise comparativa crítica entre os dois sistemas. A revisão bibliográfica do tipo narrativa foi conduzida em bases eletrônicas científicas de dados e portais do Ministério da Saúde e United Kingdom Department of Health. Apesar de serem guiados pelos mesmos princípios,  o SUS e o NHS assumiram decisões diferentes ao longo dos anos a fim de se adaptarem às realidades socioeconômicas, epidemiológicas e contextos históricos que presenciaram. No SUS, foi observado um aumento progressivo da participação dos Municípios e Estados na gestão e financiamento do sistema e uma diminuição dos gastos públicos federais. No NHS, o financiamento se manteve concentrado na coleta de impostos da esfera nacional, estando as estâncias regionais responsáveis pela execução e contratação dos serviços de saúde.
ARMAZENAMENTO CASEIRO DE MEDICAMENTOS POR USUÁRIOS RESTRITOS AO DOMICÍLIO DA ÁREA DE ABRANGÊNCIA DO CENTRO DE SAÚDE JAQUELINE I, REGIONAL NORTE, MUNICÍPIO DE BELO HORIZONTE, BRASIL
Authors: Castilho Lia Silva de , Rocha Filho Gilberto , Palmier Andréa Clemente
Published: December 2017

Esse estudo investigou o estoque caseiro de medicamentos de todos os indivíduos restritos ao domicílio de um Centro de Saúde em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. As variáveis sociodemográficas e econômicas dos pacientes; o tipo de medicamento, sua validade e o local de armazenamento foram coletados por meio de um questionário. Uma análise descritiva foi realizada. Foram visitados 43 pacientes em 42 casas, com predominância de mulheres (67,44%), idosos (72,10%), com baixa renda familiar (67,42% recebiam até 3 salários mínimos). Os medicamentos mais encontrados foram para os sistemas nervoso e cardiovascular, para o metabolismo e trato alimentar. Apenas um (2,4%) lar não apresentava medicamento estocado. Do total de 14.385 doses/unidades encontradas, 12.346 (85,8%) eram de uso contínuo e 2.966 (20,6%) foram consideradas como inapropriadas para o consumo. O estoque de medicamentos encontrado coaduna com as patologias crônico-degenerativas apresentadas. O volume de unidades/doses encontradasmostrou uma diferença entre a quantidade de medicamento dispensada e a real utilização pelo paciente. Uma estratégia de controle deste volume de medicamentos pode trazer benefícios para o paciente, economia para o serviço e controle do descarte de medicamentos inapropriados para uso.
ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY OF PLANTS WITH TOXIC ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS, GROWN IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF CUITÉ, PARAÍBA, BRAZIL
Authors: Fernandes Diégina Araújo , França Aline dos Santos , Freitas Rita de Cássia Fragoso de , Assis Edileuza Bezerra de , Souza Júlia Beatriz Pereira de , Maior Flávia Negromonte Souto , Santos Carlos Alberto Garcia , Costa Danielly Albuquerque da
Published: December 2017

Incidents involving plants have been a major problem for public health over the years and represent the fourth leading cause of poisoning in Brazil, leading to death many people, especially children. This study aimed to carry out an ethnobotanical survey of plants with toxic active constituents, grown in the municipality of Cuité, Paraíba, correlatingthe popular and scientific knowledge. This study conducted an exploratory and descriptive field research by applying semi-structured questionnaires to city dwellers who maintained frequent contact with plants. The identification of 19 toxic species and 18 potentially poisonous species was possible. Prevalent plants in homes were ornamental. Mostrespondents were senior women who carried out this practice over ten years, and this interest in cultivation had come through relatives. The survey showed that most interviewees unaware the toxic potential of cited plants, which indicates the need to carry out educational and preventive work among the population.
Professionalization of nursing in Slovenia: challenges and responsibilities for nurses with a higher education degree
Authors: Skela-Savič Brigita
Published: December 2017

Fast-paced development of society and increasing needs for healthcare services call for a discussion on knowledge in nursing which could help meet these new demands. This leading article further develops some topics previously touched on in the leading article Professionalism in nursing: what is its current level in Slovenia (Skela-Savič, 2016a), adding new evidence from the project Nursing as a scientific discipline in Slovenia (Skela-Savič, et al., 2017a).
The Economic Policy of Japanese Naval Government in South Sulawesi in the Second World War 1942 -1945
Authors: Asba Rasyid
Published: December 2017

The Japanese economic policy in South Sulawesi seemed to have different policies when compared to the other colonies in Indonesia. It was indicated by leadership typology of Japanese Navy which based in Makassar, Bukittinggi, and Java. In South Sulawesi, the policy was more focused on the compliance of logistic materials by strengthening on clothing industry, plantation of cotton and castor oil, and fisheries. The important policy of the army was the agricultural massive production sector to support the war. In addition, the agricultural and industrial sectors were also developed such as salt, castor oil, textile, silk, handicrafts and the like. Those phenomena analyzed by historical method. It used archives such as Japanese occupation reports in Makassar, Romusha archives in Makassar, and Japanese local politic documents in South Sulawesi. The reports on Japanese economic activities in South Sulawesi were also consulted. Information from magazines and newspapers were also taken such as Pemberitaan Makassar, Bintang Timoer, Sinar Baroe, Soeara Asia, Hong Po, and Pemandangan. In addition to, it has complied oral history with direct interviews to the people who are still alive and experienced on the era. The Japanese economic policies in South Sulawesi influenced great changes in new economic structure on the emergence of the diversification of popular-based commodity especially clothing and foodstuff during the war. That was the reason why people in South Sulawesi directed to execute intensification of agriculture in a professional productive manner supported by communal industrial policy.
Understanding Figure of Sunan Kudus as the Internalization of Gusjigang to Develop Entrepreneurship in the Global Competition
Authors: Amaruli Rabith Jihan
Published: December 2017

This article discusses the Gusjigang, cultural values of Kudus people through the understanding figure of Sunan Kudus, the founder of the city. The acronym of Gusjigang is derived from Javanese language, Gus-Ji-Gang, means Bagus (good, capable, or something related to goodness), Ngaji (learning the Qur’an or learn about anything in life), and Dagang (commerce, trade, or everything related to the spirit of business and entrepreneurship). Based on the oral tradition of Kudus people, “already” believed that Gusjigang could not be separated from the figure of Sunan Kudus and the history of the city.
Radio Republik Indonesia Surakarta, 1945-1960s:  Its Role in Efforts to Maintain Indonesian Independence and  the Formation of National Culture
Authors: Puguh Dhanang Respati
Published: December 2017

This article discusses the role of Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI, The Radio of Republic of Indonesia) Surakarta in the period 1945-1960s. In that period RRI Surakarta had two roles in the context of decolonization. In the period 1945-1949, RRI Surakarta had a role in the effort to maintain the independence of Indonesia. The RRI Surakarta employees struggled to maintain the existence of RRI Surakarta with rescuing the station and transmitter so that the struggle of the Indonesian nation in defending the independence of Indonesia could be broadcasted to various parts. In the period 1950-1960s RRI Surakarta participated in efforts to the formation a national culture. When the discourse of national culture continued to be discussed by the elite of Indonesia, the Bureau of the Radio of the Republic of Indonesia had the establishment and set choice of ways to build a national culture since 1950. In this connection, RRI should be directed to build a national culture. Based on the policy of the Bureau of Radio of the Republic of Indonesia, RRI Surakarta realized that idea by organizing Javanese art broadcasts (gamelan, wayang wong, kethoprak, and shadow puppets), “local entertainment” and national music, and organizing Radio Star Competition. RRI Surakarta Radio Star made an important role in the creation of popular music in Indonesia.
Istotne aspekty teologii migracji
Authors: Gocko Jerzy
Published: December 2017

Artykuł prezentuje istotne elementy teologii migracji. Przypomina ona układanie mozaiki, która dopiero w całości może stać się normatywnym fundamentem dla chrześcijańskiej etyki migracji. Elementy do mozaiki czerpać należy przede wszystkim z Pisma Świętego, tradycji, dorobku myśli teologicznej, nauczania Magisterium, katolickiej myśli społecznej czy personalizmu chrześcijańskiego. Każde z tych źródeł wnosi nowe aspekty.
The armour of the common soldier in the late middle ages. Harnischrödel as sources for the history of urban martial culture
Authors: Schmid Regula
Published: December 2017

The designation Harnischrödel (rolls of armour) lumps together different kinds of urban inventories. They list the names of citizens and inhabitants together with the armour they owned, were compelled to acquire within their civic obligations, or were obliged to lend to able-bodied men. This contribution systematically introduces Harnischrödel of the 14th and 15th c. as important sources for the history of urban martial culture. On the basis of lists preserved in the archives of Swiss towns, it concentrates on information pertaining to the type and quality of an average urban soldier’s gear. Although the results of this analysis are only preliminary – at this point, it is not possible to produce methodologically sound statistics –, the value of the lists as sources is readily evident, as only a smattering of the once massive quantity of actual objects has survived down to the present time.
Role of CYP4F2, CYP2C19, and CYP1A2 polymorphisms on acenocoumarol pharmacogenomic algorithm accuracy improvement in the Greek population: need for sub-phenotype analysis
Authors: Ragia Georgia , Karantza Ioanna-Maria , Kelli-Kota Eleni , Kolovou Vana , Kolovou Genovefa , Konstantinides Stavros , Maltezos Efstratios , Tavridou Anna , Tziakas Dimitrios , Maitland-van der Zee Anke H. , Manolopoulos Vangelis G.
Published: December 2017

Background:

We have earlier developed a pharmacogenomic algorithm for acenocoumarol dose prediction in Greek patients that included

Methods:

A total of 205 Greek patients taking acenocoumarol (140 who reached and 65 who did not reach stable dose), participants of acenocoumarol EU-PACT trial, were included in the study.

Results:

In the pooled sample,

Conclusions:

gene shows a prominent weak association with acenocoumarol dose requirements. Sub-phenotype analysis is potentially important in determining additional gene polymorphisms that are associated with acenocoumarol dose requirements.
Effect of the penetration of isocyanates (pMDI) on the nanomechanics of wood cell wall evaluated by AFM-IR and nanoindentation (NI)
Authors: Wang Xinzhou , Zhao Linguo , Deng Yuhe , Li Yanjun , Wang Siqun
Published: December 2017

The effects of the penetration of polymeric diphenyl methane diisocyanate (pMDI) on the chemical structure as well as the static and dynamic mechanical properties of wood cell walls (CWs) were investigated by atomic force microscopy with infrared radiation (AFM-IR) and nanoindentation (NI). Results indicated that the possible penetration of some pMDI molecules into the CW affected the mechanical properties of wood CW significantly. The physical and chemical interactions between pMDI and CW may strengthen the connections between the cell-wall materials and thus improved the static elastic modulus and short-term creep resistance of the CW. The elastic modulus (Er) of CWs was increased from 16.5 to 17.7 GPa; the creep ratio of the CWs decreased by 15% after the penetration of pMDI. Dynamic NI properties indicated that the effective penetration of pMDI had a positive effect on the reduced storage modulus (Er′), whereas it negatively affected the loss modulus (Er″) and the damping coefficient (tanδ) of wood CW in a large frequency scale.
LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 ameliorates particle-induced osteolysis through inducing macrophage polarization by inhibiting miR-21a-5p
Authors: Gao Xuren , Ge Jian , Li Weiyi , Zhou Wangchen , Xu Lei
Published: December 2017

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of lncRNA-KCNQ1OT1 on macrophage polarization to ameliorate particle-induced osteolysis. We used polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) to induce primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) obtained from mice and the RAW264.7 cell line, and found that the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression was increased, while interleukin (IL)-10 concentration and Arg1 expression were decreased in PMMA-induced cells. KCNQ1OT1 and IL-10 expression were both suppressed and miR-21a-5p expression was promoted in PMMA-induced cells. Overexpression of KCNQ1OT1 reversed the effect of PMMA on RAW264.7 cells, such as the reduced TNF-α concentration and iNOS expression, and increased IL-10 concentration and Arg1 expression in PMMA-induced cell transfected with pcDNA-KCNQ1OT1. The luciferase assay confirmed that IL-10 is a target of miR-21a-5p. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down experiments demonstrated that KCNQ1OT1 functions as a miR-21a-5p decoy. Thus, lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 induces M2 macrophage polarization to ameliorate particle-induced osteolysis by inhibiting miR-21a-5p.
How human serum albumin recognizes DNA and RNA
Authors: Alinovskaya Ludmila I. , Sedykh Sergey E. , Ivanisenko Nikita V. , Soboleva Svetlana E. , Nevinsky Georgy A.
Published: December 2017

We show here for the first time that HSA possesses two nucleic acid-(NA) binding sites and we estimated the relative contributions of the nucleotide links of (pN)nto their total affinity for these binding sites with higher and lower affinity for NAs. The minimal ligands of these binding sites areorthophosphate (Kd=3.0 and 20.0 mm), various dNMPs (5.6–400 μmand 0.063–18 mm) and different rNMPs (4.9–30 μmand 14–250 μm). Maximal contribution to the total affinity of all NAs to the first and second sites was observed for one nucleotide and was remarkably lower for three additional nucleotide units of (pN)n(n=1–4) with a significant decrease in the contribution at n=5–6, and at n≥7–8 all dependencies reached plateaus. For d(pA)nand r(pA)na relatively gradual decrease in the contribution to the affinity at n=1–6 was observed, while several d(pN)n, demonstrated a sharp increase in the contribution at n=2–4. Finally, all (pN)n>10demonstrated high affinity for the first (1.4–150 nm) and the second (80–2400 nm) sites of HSA. Double-stranded NAs showed significantly lower affinity comparing with single-stranded ligands. The thermodynamic parameters characterizing the specific contribution of every nucleotide link of all (pN)1−9(ΔG°) to their total affinity for HSA were estimated.
Rethinking Regime Stability: The Life Stories of “Loyal” East German Activists in the Early German Democratic Republic
Authors: Port Andrew I.
Published: December 2017

In the early 1950s, East German officials at the storied Maxhütte steel mill in Thuringia collected short CVs or “life stories” (Lebensläufe) written by approximately 370 blue- and white-collar workers who had recently become Stakhanovite “activists”. These documents, which all contain the same basic biographical information about the authors – from their socioeconomic background to their political activities – shed light on a group that has received little systematic scholarly attention, namely, ostensibly loyal and ordinary East Germans at the grass roots. Their early support of the SED state and its economic goals ensured the longer-term stability of a largely unloved regime. These valuable documents thus provide important clues for understanding the puzzling political and economic viability of the German Democratic Republic.
Local Recovery Coordinators and the National Disaster Recovery Framework: Questions Regarding the Form, Necessity, and Potential of the Role
Authors: Jensen Jessica , Kirkpatrick Sarah J. Bundy
Published: December 2017

This article discusses the “uncoordinated” critique of the disaster recovery process and the current attempt to address the issue through the National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF). Scholars have identified that the topic of coordination in disaster recovery is one that needs policy attention and it is laudable that the federal government has provided such focused attention by way of the NDRF. Yet, it is also important to critically examine whether the NDRF’s proposed recovery coordination vision – the local disaster recovery manager – is a reasonable foundation upon which to address the issues of recovery processes nationwide. This article examines this issue by discussing the extent to which the NDRF recovery manager role is consistent with what the literature would suggest, the extent to which the NDRF role is needed, and the extent to which it is possible that the NDRF-depicted local role be fulfilled across the country. Implications for the vision set out in the NDRF and recommendations for future research are discussed in light of this analysis.
A Cost-Effective High-Speed Radio over Fibre System for Millimeter Wave Applications
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Chaudhary Sushank , Thakur Deepika , Dhasratan Vigneswaran
Published: December 2017

Abstracts

Future 5 G networks can enhance their wireless capacity and speed by effectively using high-frequency millimetre waves. Radio over fibres (RoF) is the promising technology to deliver millimetre waves over optical fibres as it integrates radio domain with wireless domain. The current study employed cost-effective non-return to zero scheme to encode 10 Gbps – 60 GHz data and wavelength division multiplexing scheme to transmit four channels over 60 km optical fibre link.
Addison’s disease presenting with perimyocarditis
Authors: Baranski Lamback Elisa , Morandi Grazia , Rapti Eleni , Christov Georgi , Brogan Paul A. , Hindmarsh Peter
Published: December 2017

Background:

Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) do not seem to represent a coincidental association.

Case presentation:

A case of a 15-year-old boy is reported who presented with severe systemic inflammation, perimyocarditis and cardiogenic shock, in whom EGPA was initially suspected and later diagnosed with autoimmune adrenalitis with PGA.

Conclusions:

The severity of the systemic inflammation and perimyocarditis suggests a more widespread autoimmune-mediated process. Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency should be considered in all cases of pericarditis and perimyocarditis, especially when the severity of clinical manifestations exceeds the expected for the severity of the cardiac findings, as timely identification and prompt treatment may be life-saving.
HIV/STI prevention interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Globerman Jason , Mitra Sanjana , Gogolishvili David , Rueda Sergio , Schoffel Laura , Gangbar Kira , Shi Qiyun , Rourke Sean B.
Published: December 2017

Behavioral interventions can prevent the transmission of HIV and sexually transmitted infections. This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the effectiveness and quality of available evidence of HIV prevention interventions for people living with HIV in high-income settings. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CDC Compendium of Effective Interventions. Interventions published between January, 1998 and September, 2015 were included. Quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Forty-six articles and 63 datasets involving 14,096 individuals met inclusion criteria. Included articles were grouped by intervention type, comparison group and outcome. Few of these had high or moderate quality of evidence and statistically significant effects. One intervention type, group-level health education interventions, were effective in reducing HIV/STI incidence when compared to attention controls. A second intervention type, comprehensive risk counseling and services, was effective in reducing sexual risk behaviors when compared to both active and attention controls. All other intervention types showed no statistically significant effect or had low or very low quality of evidence. Given that the majority of interventions produced low or very low quality of evidence, researchers should commit to rigorous evaluation and high quality reporting of HIV intervention studies.
Reconsidering the Case for Colour Relativism
Authors: Reining Stefan
Published: December 2017

The central aim of this paper is to argue that the main motivation for endorsing colour relativism – namely, the occurrence of so-called standard variation phenomena – constitutes, in the end, a problem for the view itself which is not significantly smaller than the problem these phenomena constitute for most of the view’s competitors. Section 1 provides a brief characterization of the relativist position in question. In Section 2, I provide a prima facie case for colour relativism in the light of the occurrence of standard variation phenomena, and I argue that a certain version of the view can be defended against certain objections that have been raised against colour relativism. Section 3 provides an argument for the central claim of this paper, that is, an argument to the conclusion that standard variation phenomena do, in the end, not at all favour colour relativism over its main competitors. Finally, in Section 4, I suggest and tentatively defend a hitherto neglected account of the meaning of colour terms that accommodates the phenomena in question.
Crystal structure of poly[aqua-(μ5-2,5-dicarboxybenzoato-κ5
O:O:O′:O′′:O′′′)sodium(I)], C9H7NaO7
Authors: Nie Cong-Kui , Zhao Dan , Tian Ye
Published: December 2017

C9H7NaO7, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.0533(7) Å, b = 7.1238(7) Å, c = 10.5664(10) Å, α = 87.466(1)°, β = 83.003(1)°, γ = 66.690(1)°, V = 483.95(8) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0361, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0936, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-2,3-dihydro-2-thioxoquinazolin-4(1H)-one, C13H17N3OS
Authors: Yang Peng , Yan Ling-Ling , Cai Hong-Xin
Published: December 2017

C13H17N3OS, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.3721(9) Å, b = 15.3783(14) Å, c = 9.1684(9) Å, β = 96.698(2)°, V = 1312.4(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0371, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0826, T = 296 K.
Solid-liquid circulating fluidized bed: a way forward
Authors: Thombare Manjusha A. , Chavan Prakash V. , Bankar Sandip B. , Kalaga Dinesh V.
Published: December 2017

Solid-liquid circulating fluidized beds (SLCFBs) offer several attractive features over conventional solid-liquid fluidized beds such as efficient liquid-solid contact, favorable mass and heat transfer, reduced back-mixing of phases, and integrated reactor and regenerator design. These unique features have stimulated theoretical and experimental investigations over the past two decades on transport phenomena in SLCFBs. However, there is a need to compile and analyze the published information with a coherent theme to design and develop SLCFB with sufficient degree of confidence for commercial application. Therefore, the present work reviews and analyzes the literature on hydrodynamic, mixing, heat transfer, and mass transfer characteristics of SLCFBs comprehensively. Suitable recommendations have also been made for future work in concise manner based on the knowledge gaps identified in the literature. Furthermore, a novel multistage SLCFB has been proposed to overcome the limitations of existing SLCFBs. The proposed model of SLCFB primarily consists of a single multistage column which is divided into two sections wherein both the steps of utilization viz. loading (adsorption, catalytic reaction, etc.) and regeneration of solid phase could be carried out simultaneously on a continuous mode.
Process intensification
Authors: Keil Frerich J.
Published: December 2017

Process intensification (PI) is a rapidly growing field of research and industrial development that has already created many innovations in chemical process industry. PI is directed toward substantially smaller, cleaner, more energy-efficient technology. Furthermore, PI aims at safer and sustainable technological developments. Its tools are reduction of the number of devices (integration of several functionalities in one apparatus), improving heat and mass transfer by advanced mixing technologies and shorter diffusion pathways, miniaturization, novel energy techniques, new separation approaches, integrated optimization and control strategies. This review discusses many of the recent developments in PI. Starting from fundamental definitions, microfluidic technology, mixing, modern distillation techniques, membrane separation, continuous chromatography, and application of gravitational, electric, and magnetic fields will be described.
Eine nukleare Neuausrichtung der NATO
Authors: Kamp Karl-Heinz
Published: December 2017

Das gültige Nuklearkonzept der NATO, der „Deterrence and Defence Posture Review“, ist in großen Teilen überholt. Im Jahr 2011 erarbeitet und 2012 verabschiedet ging er noch von einer Sicherheitslage aus, in der Russland als Partner der NATO galt, der sein Kernwaffenarsenal nicht dazu verwendet, der NATO zu drohen und mit dem sogar nukleare Abrüstung in Europa möglich wäre. Nichts von dem gilt heute noch. Mehr noch, die Eskalation in Nordkorea, die autokratischen Tendenzen in der Türkei (in der US-Atomwaffen gelagert sein sollen) oder das Ausscheiden der Atommacht Großbritannien aus der Europäischen Union bringen die Nuklearfrage ganz nach oben auf der NATO-Agenda. Der Artikel legt dar, welche Elemente eine neue NATO-Nuklearstrategie enthalten sollte.
Early Procedural Pain Is Associated with Regionally-Specific Alterations in Thalamic Development in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Duerden Emma G. , Grunau Ruth E. , Guo Ting , Foong Justin , Pearson Alexander , Au-Young Stephanie , Lavoie Raphael , Chakravarty M. Mallar , Chau Vann , Synnes Anne , Miller Steven P.
Published: December 2017

Very preterm human neonates are exposed to numerous invasive procedures as part of life-saving care. Evidence suggests that repetitive neonatal procedural pain precedes long-term alterations in brain development. However, to date the link between pain and brain development has limited temporal and anatomic specificity. We hypothesized that early exposure to painful stimuli during a period of rapid brain development, before pain modulatory systems reach maturity, will predict pronounced changes in thalamic development, and thereby cognitive and motor function. In a prospective cohort study, 155 very preterm neonates (82 males, 73 females) born 24–32 weeks' gestation underwent two MRIs at median postmenstrual ages 32 and 40 weeks that included structural, metabolic, and diffusion imaging. Detailed day-by-day clinical data were collected. Cognitive and motor abilities were assessed at 3 years, corrected age. The association of early (skin breaks, birth–Scan 1) and late pain (skin breaks, Scans 1–2) with thalamic volumes andN-acetylaspartate (NAA)/choline (Cho), and fractional anisotropy of white-matter pathways was assessed. Early pain was associated with slower thalamic macrostructural growth, most pronounced in extremely premature neonates. Deformation-based morphometry analyses confirmed early pain-related volume losses were localized to somatosensory regions. In extremely preterm neonates early pain was associated with decreased thalamic NAA/Cho and microstructural alterations in thalamocortical pathways. Thalamic growth was in turn related to cognitive and motor outcomes. We observed regionally-specific alterations in the lateral thalamus and thalamocortical pathways in extremely preterm neonates exposed to more procedural pain. Findings suggest a sensitive period leading to lasting alterations in somatosensory-system development.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEarly exposure to repetitive procedural pain in very preterm neonates may disrupt the development of regions involved in somatosensory processing, leading to poor functional outcomes. We demonstrate that early pain is associated with thalamic volume loss in the territory of the somatosensory thalamus and is accompanied by disruptions thalamic metabolic growth and thalamocortical pathway maturation, particularly in extremely preterm neonates. Thalamic growth was associated with cognitive and motor outcome at 3 years corrected age. Findings provide evidence for a developmentally sensitive period whereby subcortical structures in young neonates may be most vulnerable to procedural pain. Furthermore, results suggest that the thalamus may play a key role underlying the association between neonatal pain and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in these high-risk neonates.
DRG Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel 1.7 Is Upregulated in Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathy in Rats and in Humans with Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Li Yan , North Robert Y. , Rhines Laurence D. , Tatsui Claudio Esteves , Rao Ganesh , Edwards Denaya D. , Cassidy Ryan M. , Harrison Daniel S. , Johansson Caj A. , Zhang Hongmei , Dougherty Patrick M.
Published: December 2017

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common adverse effect experienced by cancer patients receiving treatment with paclitaxel. The voltage-gated sodium channel 1.7 (Nav1.7) plays an important role in multiple preclinical models of neuropathic pain and in inherited human pain phenotypes, and its gene expression is increased in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) of paclitaxel-treated rats. Hence, the potential of change in the expression and function of Nav1.7 protein in DRGs from male rats with paclitaxel-related CIPN and from male and female humans with cancer-related neuropathic pain was tested here. Double immunofluorescence in CIPN rats showed that Nav1.7 was upregulated in small DRG neuron somata, especially those also expressing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and in central processes of these cells in the superficial spinal dorsal horn. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in rat DRG neurons revealed that paclitaxel induced an enhancement of ProTx II (a selective Nav1.7 channel blocker)-sensitive sodium currents. Bath-applied ProTx II suppressed spontaneous action potentials in DRG neurons occurring in rats with CIPN, while intrathecal injection of ProTx II significantly attenuated behavioral signs of CIPN. Complementarily, DRG neurons isolated from segments where patients had a history of neuropathic pain also showed electrophysiological and immunofluorescence results indicating an increased expression of Nav1.7 associated with spontaneous activity. Nav1.7 was also colocalized in human cells expressing transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and CGRP. Furthermore, ProTx II decreased firing frequency in human DRGs with spontaneous action potentials. This study suggests that Nav1.7 may provide a potential new target for the treatment of neuropathic pain, including chemotherapy (paclitaxel)-induced neuropathic pain.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis work demonstrates that the expression and function of the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 are increased in a preclinical model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), the most common treatment-limiting side effect of all the most common anticancer therapies. This is key as gain-of-function mutations in human Nav1.7 recapitulate both the distribution and pain percept as shown by CIPN patients. This work also shows that Nav1.7 is increased in human DRG neurons only in dermatomes where patients are experiencing acquired neuropathic pain symptoms. This work therefore has major translational impact, indicating an important novel therapeutic avenue for neuropathic pain as a class.
FK506-Binding Protein 12.6/1b, a Negative Regulator of [Ca2+], Rescues Memory and Restores Genomic Regulation in the Hippocampus of Aging Rats
Authors: Gant John C. , Blalock Eric M. , Chen Kuey-Chu , Kadish Inga , Thibault Olivier , Porter Nada M. , Landfield Philip W.
Published: December 2017

Hippocampal overexpression of FK506-binding protein 12.6/1b (FKBP1b), a negative regulator of ryanodine receptor Ca2+release, reverses aging-induced memory impairment and neuronal Ca2+dysregulation. Here, we tested the hypothesis thatFKBP1balso can protect downstream transcriptional networks from aging-induced dysregulation. We gave hippocampal microinjections ofFKBP1b-expressing viral vector to male rats at either 13 months of age (long-term, LT) or 19 months of age (short-term, ST) and tested memory performance in the Morris water maze at 21 months of age. Aged rats treated ST or LT withFKBP1bsubstantially outperformed age-matched vector controls and performed similarly to each other and young controls (YCs). Transcriptional profiling in the same animals identified 2342 genes with hippocampal expression that was upregulated/downregulated in aged controls (ACs) compared with YCs (the aging effect). Of these aging-dependent genes, 876 (37%) also showed altered expression in agedFKBP1b-treated rats compared with ACs, withFKBP1brestoring expression of essentially all such genes (872/876, 99.5%) in the direction opposite the aging effect and closer to levels in YCs. This inverse relationship between the aging andFKBP1beffects suggests that the aging effects arise fromFKBP1bdeficiency. Functional category analysis revealed that genes downregulated with aging and restored byFKBP1bwere associated predominantly with diverse brain structure categories, including cytoskeleton, membrane channels, and extracellular region. Conversely, genes upregulated with aging but not restored byFKBP1bassociated primarily with glial–neuroinflammatory, ribosomal, and lysosomal categories. Immunohistochemistry confirmed aging-induced rarefaction andFKBP1b-mediated restoration of neuronal microtubular structure. Therefore, a previously unrecognized genomic network modulating diverse brain structural processes is dysregulated by aging and restored byFKBP1boverexpression.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPreviously, we found that hippocampal overexpression of FK506-binding protein 12.6/1b (FKBP1b), a negative regulator of intracellular Ca2+responses, reverses both aging-related Ca2+dysregulation and cognitive impairment. Here, we tested whether hippocampalFKBP1boverexpression also counteracts aging changes in gene transcriptional networks. In addition to reducing memory deficits in aged rats,FKBP1bselectively counteracted aging-induced expression changes in 37% of aging-dependent genes, with cytoskeletal and extracellular structure categories highly associated with theFKBP1b-rescued genes. Our results indicate that, in parallel with cognitive processes, a novel transcriptional network coordinating brain structural organization is dysregulated with aging and restored byFKBP1b.
Attention Is Required for Knowledge-Based Sequential Grouping: Insights from the Integration of Syllables into Words
Authors: Ding Nai , Pan Xunyi , Luo Cheng , Su Naifei , Zhang Wen , Zhang Jianfeng
Published: December 2017

How the brain groups sequential sensory events into chunks is a fundamental question in cognitive neuroscience. This study investigates whether top–down attention or specific tasks are required for the brain to apply lexical knowledge to group syllables into words. Neural responses tracking the syllabic and word rhythms of a rhythmic speech sequence were concurrently monitored using electroencephalography (EEG). The participants performed different tasks, attending to either the rhythmic speech sequence or a distractor, which was another speech stream or a nonlinguistic auditory/visual stimulus. Attention to speech, but not a lexical-meaning-related task, was required for reliable neural tracking of words, even when the distractor was a nonlinguistic stimulus presented cross-modally. Neural tracking of syllables, however, was reliably observed in all tested conditions. These results strongly suggest that neural encoding of individual auditory events (i.e., syllables) is automatic, while knowledge-based construction of temporal chunks (i.e., words) crucially relies on top–down attention.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhy we cannot understand speech when not paying attention is an old question in psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Speech processing is a complex process that involves multiple stages, e.g., hearing and analyzing the speech sound, recognizing words, and combining words into phrases and sentences. The current study investigates which speech-processing stage is blocked when we do not listen carefully. We show that the brain can reliably encode syllables, basic units of speech sounds, even when we do not pay attention. Nevertheless, when distracted, the brain cannot group syllables into multisyllabic words, which are basic units for speech meaning. Therefore, the process of converting speech sound into meaning crucially relies on attention.