bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A mutation in CCDC91, Homo sapiens coiled-coil domain containing 91 protein, cause autosomal-dominant acrokeratoelastoidosis
Authors: Zhu Yunlu , Bai Yun , Yan Wannian , Li Ming , Wu Fei , Xu Mingyuan , Wu Nanhui , Ge HongSong , Liu Yeqiang
Published: April 2024

Acrokeratoelastoidosis (AKE) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary skin disease characterized by small, round-oval, flat-topped keratotic papules on the palms, soles and dorsal aspect of hands or feet. The causative gene for AKE remains unidentified. This study aims to identify the causative gene of AKE and explore the underlying biological mechanisms. A large, three-generation Chinese family exhibiting classic AKE symptoms was identified. A genome-wide linkage analysis and whole-exome sequencing were employed to determine the causative gene. shRNA knockdown in human skin fibroblasts and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout in HEK293T cells were utilized to assess gene functions in the progression of elastic fiber biosynthesis. The linkage analysis identified a susceptibility region between rs7296765 to rs10784618 on chromosome 12. Whole-exome sequencing confirmed a splicing mutation of 1101 + 1 G > A in the CCDC91 gene, resulting in exon 11 skipping and a subsequent 59-amino-acid-residue loss (residues L309-Q367del). Further functional analysis revealed distended Golgi cisternae, cytoplasmic vesicle accumulation, and lysosome presence. Immnunostaining of si-CCDC91-HSF cells demonstrated tropoelastin accumulation in the Golgi and abnormal extracellular aggregates. There are no significant changes in Fibrillin-1 microfibril assembly and lysyl oxidase activity. The findings strongly suggest that the protein product of the CCDC91 gene plays a crucial role in elastin transport. This discovery enhances our understanding of CCDC91’s function and broadens the known pathogenic mechanisms of AKE.
Corneal neuropathic pain: a review to inform clinical practice
Authors: Watson Stephanie L. , Le Damien Tuan-Man
Published: April 2024

Corneal neuropathic pain (CNP) is a poorly defined disease entity characterised by an aberrant pain response to normally non-painful stimuli and categorised into having peripheral and central mechanisms, with the former responding to instillation of topical anaesthetic. CNP is a challenging condition to diagnose due to numerous aetiologies, an absence of clinical signs and ancillary tests (in vivo confocal microscopy and esthesiometry), lacking the ability to confirm the diagnosis and having limited availability. Symptomatology maybe mirrored by severe and chronic forms of dry eye disease (DED), often leading to misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment. In practice, patients with suspected CNP can be assessed with questionnaires to elicit symptoms. A thorough ocular assessment is also performed to exclude any co-existent ocular conditions. A medical and mental health history should be sought due to associations with autoimmune disease, chronic pain syndromes, anxiety and depression. Management begins with communicating to the patient the nature of their condition. Ophthalmologists can prescribe topical therapies such as autologous serum eyedrops to optimise the ocular surface and promote neural regeneration. However, a multi-disciplinary treatment approach is often required, including mental health support, particularly when there are central mechanisms. General practitioners, pain specialists, neurologists and psychologists may be needed to assist with oral and behavioural therapies. Less data is available to support the safety and efficacy of adjuvant and surgical therapies and the long-term natural history remains to be determined. Hence clinical trials and registry studies are urgently needed to fill these data gaps with the aim to improve patient care.
Unlocking enhanced thermal conductivity in polymer blends through active learning
Authors: Xu Jiaxin , Luo Tengfei
Published: April 2024

Polymers play an integral role in various applications, from everyday use to advanced technologies. In the era of machine learning (ML), polymer informatics has become a vital field for efficiently designing and developing polymeric materials. However, the focus of polymer informatics has predominantly centered on single-component polymers, leaving the vast chemical space of polymer blends relatively unexplored. This study employs a high-throughput molecular dynamics (MD) simulation combined with active learning (AL) to uncover polymer blends with enhanced thermal conductivity (TC) compared to the constituent single-component polymers. Initially, the TC of about 600 amorphous single-component polymers and 200 amorphous polymer blends with varying blending ratios are determined through MD simulations. The optimal representation method for polymer blends is identified, which involves a weighted sum approach that extends existing polymer representation from single-component polymers to polymer blends. An AL framework, combining MD simulation and ML, is employed to explore the TC of approximately 550,000 unlabeled polymer blends. The AL framework proves highly effective in accelerating the discovery of high-performance polymer blends for thermal transport. Additionally, we delve into the relationship between TC, radius of gyration (Rg), and hydrogen bonding, highlighting the roles of inter- and intra-chain interactions in thermal transport in amorphous polymer blends. A significant positive association between TC and Rg improvement and an indirect contribution from H-bond interaction to TC enhancement are revealed through a log-linear model and an odds ratio calculation, emphasizing the impact of increasing Rg and H-bond interactions on enhancing polymer blend TC.
Error-mitigated fermionic classical shadows on noisy quantum devices
Authors: Wu Bujiao , Koh Dax Enshan
Published: April 2024

Efficiently estimating fermionic Hamiltonian expectation values is vital for simulating various physical systems. Classical shadow (CS) algorithms offer a solution by reducing the number of quantum state copies needed, but noise in quantum devices poses challenges. We propose an error-mitigated CS algorithm assuming gate-independent, time-stationary, and Markovian (GTM) noise. Forn-qubit systems, our algorithm, which employs the easily prepared initial state$$\left\vert {0}^{n}\right\rangle \,\left\langle {0}^{n}\right\vert$$0n0nassumed to be noiseless, efficiently estimatesk-RDMs with$$\widetilde{{{{\mathcal{O}}}}}(k{n}^{k})$$Õ(knk)state copies and$$\widetilde{{{{\mathcal{O}}}}}(\sqrt{n})$$Õ(n)calibration measurements for GTM noise with constant fidelities. We show that our algorithm is robust against noise types like depolarizing, damping, andX-rotation noise with constant strengths, showing scalings akin to prior CS algorithms for fermions but with better noise resilience. Numerical simulations confirm our algorithm’s efficacy in noisy settings, suggesting its viability for near-term quantum devices.
Giant nanomechanical energy storage capacity in twisted single-walled carbon nanotube ropes
Authors: Utsumi Shigenori , Ujjain Sanjeev Kumar , Takahashi Satoshi , Shimodomae Ryo , Yamaura Tae , Okuda Ryosuke , Kobayashi Ryuichiro , Takahashi Oga , Miyazono Satoshi , Kato Naoki , Aburamoto Keiichi , Hosoi Yuta , Ahuja Preety , Furuse Ayumi , Kawamata Yuma , Otsuka Hayato , Fujisawa Kazunori , Hayashi Takuya , Tománek David , Kaneko Katsumi
Published: April 2024

A sustainable society requires high-energy storage devices characterized by lightness, compactness, a long life and superior safety, surpassing current battery and supercapacitor technologies. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), which typically exhibit great toughness, have emerged as promising candidates for innovative energy storage solutions. Here we produced SWCNT ropes wrapped in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers, and demonstrated experimentally that a twisted rope composed of these SWCNTs possesses the remarkable ability to reversibly store nanomechanical energy. Notably, the gravimetric energy density of these twisted ropes reaches up to 2.1 MJ kg−1, exceeding the energy storage capacity of mechanical steel springs by over four orders of magnitude and surpassing advanced lithium-ion batteries by a factor of three. In contrast to chemical and electrochemical energy carriers, the nanomechanical energy stored in a twisted SWCNT rope is safe even in hostile environments. This energy does not deplete over time and is accessible at temperatures ranging from −60 to +100 °C.
High-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Ko Seo-Rin , Lee Sanghee , Koo Hyunjin , Seo Hyojeong , Yu Jaewoong , Kim Yong-Min , Kwon Suk-Yoon , Shin Ah-Young
Published: April 2024

Nicotiana benthamiana is a fundamental model organism in plant research. Recent advancements in genomic sequencing have revealed significant intraspecific genetic variations. This study addresses the pressing need for a precise genome sequence specific to its geographic origin by presenting a comprehensive genome assembly of the N. benthamiana LAB strain from the Republic of Korea (NbKLAB). We compare this assembly with the widely used NbLAB360 strain, shedding light on essential genomic differences between them. The outcome is a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly comprising 19 chromosomes, spanning 2,762 Mb, with an N50 of 142.6 Mb. Comparative analyses revealed notable variations, including 46,215 protein-coding genes, with an impressive 99.5% BUSCO completeness score. Furthermore, the NbKLAB assembly substantially improved the QV from 33% for NbLAB360 to 49%. This refined chromosomal genome assembly for N. benthamiana, in conjunction with comparative insights, provides a valuable resource for genomics research and molecular biology. This accomplishment forms a strong foundation for in-depth exploration into the intricacies of plant genetics and genomics, improved precision, and a comparative framework.
Spatiotemporal atmospheric in-situ carbon dioxide data over the Indian sites-data perspective
Authors: Pathakoti Mahesh , D.V. Mahalakshmi , G. Sreenivas , Suryavanshi Arun Shamrao , Taori Alok , Kant Yogesh , P. Raja , Bothale Rajashree Vinod , Chauhan Prakash , K.S. Rajan , Sinha P. R. , Chandra Naveen , Dadhwal Vinay Kumar
Published: April 2024

In the current study, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) data covering multiple locations in the Indian subcontinent are reported. This data was collected using a dedicated ground-based in-situ network established as part of the Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (CAP-IGBP) of the Climate and Atmospheric Processes of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Data are collected over Ponmudi, Ooty, Sriharikota, Gadanki, Shadnagar, Nagpur, and Dehradun during 2014-2015, 2017–2020, 2012, 2011–2015, 2014–2017, 2017 and 2008–2011, respectively. The atmospheric CO2 generated as part of the CAP−IGBP network would enhance the understanding of CO2 variability in different time scales ranging from diurnal, seasonal, and annual over the Indian region. Data available under this network may be interesting to other research communities for modeling studies and spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric CO2 across the study locations. The work also evaluated the CO2 observations against the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate version 4 atmospheric chemistry-transport model (MIROC4-ACTM) concentrations.
Quantization of linear acoustic and elastic wave models in characterizations of isomorphism
Authors: Yang Chen
Published: April 2024

From the macroscopic to the microscopic world, quantum mechanical effects in acoustics and elastic waves have become increasingly important. Observations on the quantum effects of acoustic and elastic waves using experimental methods have been reported in the literature. However, the conventional formulations of acoustic and elastic waves are still mainly governed by classical models. In this study, we investigated the quantization of acoustic and elastic waves using generalized Lorenz gauges. The potential variables of acoustic and elastic waves can be quantized in a manner similar to that of electrodynamics. The results include the Schrödinger equation with minimal coupling between the field and particles. The quantization of field variables is established as a consequence of the gauge symmetry property of the Schrödinger equation. Later, we explored the connections between the parallel formulations of mechanics and waves through an algebraic aspect. This highlights the isomorphism pattern from the theoretical characterization within the parallel formulations. To support the results, the derivations of potential formulations based on Lorenz gauges and functional mapping between field variables are presented.
New treatment alternatives for primary and metastatic colorectal cancer by an integrated transcriptome and network analyses
Authors: Karaca Caner , Demir Karaman Ezgi , Leblebici Asim , Kurter Hasan , Ellidokuz Hulya , Koc Altug , Ellidokuz Ender Berat , Isik Zerrin , Basbinar Yasemin
Published: April 2024

Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is still in need of effective treatments. This study applies a holistic approach to propose new targets for treatment of primary and liver metastatic CRC and investigates their therapeutic potential in-vitro. An integrative analysis of primary and metastatic CRC samples was implemented for alternative target and treatment proposals. Integrated microarray samples were grouped based on a co-expression network analysis. Significant gene modules correlated with primary CRC and metastatic phenotypes were identified. Network clustering and pathway enrichments were applied to gene modules to prioritize potential targets, which were shortlisted by independent validation. Finally, drug-target interaction search led to three agents for primary and liver metastatic CRC phenotypes. Hesperadin and BAY-1217389 suppress colony formation over a 14-day period, with Hesperadin showing additional efficacy in reducing cell viability within 48 h. As both candidates target the G2/M phase proteins NEK2 or TTK, we confirmed their anti-proliferative properties by Ki-67 staining. Hesperadinin particular arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. IL-29A treatment reduced migration and invasion capacities of TGF-β induced metastatic cell lines. In addition, this anti-metastatic treatment attenuated TGF-β dependent mesenchymal transition. Network analysis suggests IL-29A induces the JAK/STAT pathway in a preventive manner.
Multimodal ECG heartbeat classification method based on a convolutional neural network embedded with FCA
Authors: Zhou Feiyan , Fang Duanshu
Published: April 2024

Arrhythmias are irregular heartbeat rhythms caused by various conditions. Automated ECG signal classification aids in diagnosing and predicting arrhythmias. Current studies mostly focus on 1D ECG signals, overlooking the fusion of multiple ECG modalities for enhanced analysis. We converted ECG signals into modal images using RP, GAF, and MTF, inputting them into our classification model. To optimize detail retention, we introduced a CNN-based model with FCA for multimodal ECG tasks. Achieving 99.6% accuracy on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database for five arrhythmias, our method outperforms prior models. Experimental results confirm its reliability for ECG classification tasks.
Young adults from disadvantaged groups experience more stress and deterioration in mental health associated with polycrisis
Authors: Kałwak Weronika , Weziak-Bialowolska Dorota , Wendołowska Anna , Bonarska Karolina , Sitnik-Warchulska Katarzyna , Bańbura Anna , Czyżowska Dorota , Gruszka Aleksandra , Opoczyńska-Morasiewicz Małgorzata , Izydorczyk Bernadetta
Published: April 2024

The recent polycrisis (COVID-19, Ukraine war, climate change, economic crisis) has been associated with mental health through cumulative stress, with young people being particularly vulnerable. We surveyed 403 college students from Poland to examine their psychological responses to the experienced crises. The results showed that polycrisis was associated with worse mental health of college students from disadvantaged groups (based on gender, sexual orientation, and financial situation) compared to other college students, in four areas: sense of proximity to the crises, stress caused by the crises, sense of responsibility for mitigating the crises, and experiencing everyday moral dilemmas regarding the crises. These young adults also suffered more in terms of negative affectivity, depressive symptoms, and subjective physical and mental health. Our findings suggest that when discussing public mental health perspectives, it is important to consider consequences of cumulative stress and its greater impact on young people from disadvantaged groups.
FIT calculator: a multi-risk prediction framework for medical outcomes using cardiorespiratory fitness data
Authors: Elshawi Radwa , Sakr Sherif , Al-Mallah Mouaz H. , Keteyian Steven J. , Brawner Clinton A. , Ehrman Jonathan K.
Published: April 2024

Accurately predicting patients' risk for specific medical outcomes is paramount for effective healthcare management and personalized medicine. While a substantial body of literature addresses the prediction of diverse medical conditions, existing models predominantly focus on singular outcomes, limiting their scope to one disease at a time. However, clinical reality often entails patients concurrently facing multiple health risks across various medical domains. In response to this gap, our study proposes a novel multi-risk framework adept at simultaneous risk prediction for multiple clinical outcomes, including diabetes, mortality, and hypertension. Leveraging a concise set of features extracted from patients' cardiorespiratory fitness data, our framework minimizes computational complexity while maximizing predictive accuracy. Moreover, we integrate a state-of-the-art instance-based interpretability technique into our framework, providing users with comprehensive explanations for each prediction. These explanations afford medical practitioners invaluable insights into the primary health factors influencing individual predictions, fostering greater trust and utility in the underlying prediction models. Our approach thus stands to significantly enhance healthcare decision-making processes, facilitating more targeted interventions and improving patient outcomes in clinical practice. Our prediction framework utilizes an automated machine learning framework, Auto-Weka, to optimize machine learning models and hyper-parameter configurations for the simultaneous prediction of three medical outcomes: diabetes, mortality, and hypertension. Additionally, we employ a local interpretability technique to elucidate predictions generated by our framework. These explanations manifest visually, highlighting key attributes contributing to each instance's prediction for enhanced interpretability. Using automated machine learning techniques, the models simultaneously predict hypertension, mortality, and diabetes risks, utilizing only nine patient features. They achieved an average AUC of 0.90 ± 0.001 on the hypertension dataset, 0.90 ± 0.002 on the mortality dataset, and 0.89 ± 0.001 on the diabetes dataset through tenfold cross-validation. Additionally, the models demonstrated strong performance with an average AUC of 0.89 ± 0.001 on the hypertension dataset, 0.90 ± 0.001 on the mortality dataset, and 0.89 ± 0.001 on the diabetes dataset using bootstrap evaluation with 1000 resamples.
Research on depth measurement calibration of light field camera based on Gaussian fitting
Authors: Yang Miao
Published: April 2024

Optical field imaging technology does not require a complicated optical path layout and thus reduces hardware costs. Given that only one single exposure of a single camera can obtain three-dimensional information, this paper proposes an improved calibration method for depth measurement based on the theoretical model of optical field imaging. Specifically, the calibration time can be reduced since the Gaussian fitting can reduce the number of refocused images used to obtain the optimal refocusing coefficient calibration. Moreover, the proposed method achieves the same effect as the multiple refocusing calibration strategy but requires less image processing time during calibration. At the same time, this method's depth resolution is analyzed in detail.
Optimizing an electromagnetic wave absorber for bi-anisotropic metasurfaces based on toroidal modes
Authors: Aghdasinia Sina , Allahverdizadeh Hossein , Afkari Ehsan , Ahmadpour Behrouz , Bemani Mohammad
Published: April 2024

The design and optimization of an electromagnetic wave absorber for far-field wireless power transmission (WPT) is the subject of this research study. The goal of the research is to effectively absorb energy from ambient RF electromagnetic waves without the usage of a ground plane by employing metasurfaces with chiral components.By integrating trioidal moments into the design theory, the objective is to create a metasurface that functions in two frequency bands and produces high-quality resonance. The study also explores the dual non-homogeneity property of structures, polarization tensor coefficients, and the electromagnetic response of non-homogeneous metasurfaces. Based on the relative orientation of induced fields and moments, it delves deeper into the two basic possibilities for dual non-homogeneous elements. The development of chiral metasurfaces and the notion of electromagnetic chirality and its implications for polarization properties are introduced.
Nonlinear dynamic separation characteristics of friction pair and experimental analysis
Authors: Zhao Yongqiang , Chen Huajun , Pan Wenlong , Cai Wenqing , Zhou Yuhan , Zhai Baoyu , Ni Xiangdong
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to reduce friction pair erosion of the clutch in the case of continuous shift; the dynamic separation process of the friction pair is investigated. The temperature of the friction pair, friction torque, and separation speed in the separation process are taken as the research objects, and the dynamics simulation model and finite element thermal coupling simulation model of the clutch separation process are established. The nonlinear dynamic separation characteristics of the friction pair are investigated by comparing and analyzing the effects of control parameters such as rotational speed difference, damping ratio, and lubricant viscosity on the friction torque, friction pair separation speed, separation gap, and contact stress during the separation process. The gap recovery coefficient is proposed as a response indicator for observing the separation process in response to the inability to observe the nonlinear dynamic motion of the friction pair during the separation process and to measure the end time of the separation. Finally, the clutch was subjected to a separation test. The results show that the proposed gap recovery coefficient accurately describes the separation process. The simulation model can simulate the clutch's separation and predict the trend of separation parameters.
Transcriptional rewiring of an evolutionarily conserved circadian clock
Authors: Goity Alejandra , Dovzhenok Andrey , Lim Sookkyung , Hong Christian , Loros Jennifer , Dunlap Jay C , Larrondo Luis F
Published: April 2024

Circadian clocks temporally coordinate daily organismal biology over the 24-h cycle. Their molecular design, preserved between fungi and animals, is based on a core-oscillator composed of a one-step transcriptional-translational-negative-feedback-loop (TTFL). To test whether this evolutionarily conserved TTFL architecture is the only plausible way for achieving a functional circadian clock, we adopted a transcriptional rewiring approach, artificially co-opting regulators of the circadian output pathways into the core-oscillator. Herein we describe one of these semi-synthetic clocks which maintains all basic circadian features but, notably, it also exhibits new attributes such as a “lights-on timer” logic, where clock phase is fixed at the end of the night. Our findings indicate that fundamental circadian properties such as period, phase and temperature compensation are differentially regulated by transcriptional and posttranslational aspects of the clockworks.
Generic synthesis of high-entropy phosphides for fast and stable Li-ion storage
Authors: Li Wenwu , Li Yanhong , Wang Jeng-Han , Huang Shengchi , Chen Anjie , Yang Lufeng , Chen Jie , He Lunhua , Pang Wei Kong , Thomsen Lar , Cowie Bruce , Xiong Peixun , Zhou Yucun , Jang Gun , Min Dong Hyun , Byun Jin Suk , Xu Lei , Huang Jia-Qi , Roh Kwang Chul , Kang Seo Hui , Liu Meilin , Duan Xiangfeng , Park Ho Seok
Published: April 2024

High-entropy phosphides are first synthesized, achieving much faster charge transfer and greater anti-pulverization capability than the parent phases owing to the high configurational entropy.
Native mass spectrometry of complexes formed by molecular glues reveals stoichiometric rearrangement of E3 ligases
Authors: Jackson Cara , Beveridge Rebecca
Published: April 2024

Measuring E3 ligase stoichiometry is important to decipher their mechanisms in protein degradation. Mass spectrometry reports on complexes involving CRBN or DCAF15, and the unexpected multimerization of DCAF15 that is governed by ionic strength.
The enol of isobutyric acid
Authors: Danho Akkad , Mardyukov Artur , Schreiner Peter R.
Published: April 2024

We present the gas-phase synthesis of 2-methyl-prop-1-ene-1,1-diol, an unreported higher energy tautomer of isobutyric acid.
AlN interlayer-induced reduction of dislocation density in the AlGaN epilayer
Authors: Tobaldi David Maria , Lajaunie Luc , Cretì Arianna , Cuscunà Massimo , Tarantini Iolena , Esposito Marco , Balestra Gianluca , Lomascolo Mauro , Passaseo Adriana , Tasco Vittorianna
Published: April 2024

The ultrawide-bandgap AlGaN alloy system shows great potential for advancing the next generation of UV optoelectronic devices.
Two-dimensional tetragonal AlOX (X = Cl, Br, or I) monolayers with promising photocatalytic performance: first-principles investigations
Authors: Ren Yijing , Ma Xinguo , Yuan Gang , Liao Jiajun , Ma Nan , Li Di , Lv Hui
Published: April 2024

AlOX (X = Cl, Br, or I) monolayers were constructed to explore their potential and mechanism of high photocatalytic activity.
Interface design of SARS-CoV-2 symmetrical nsp7 dimer and machine learning-guided nsp7 sequence prediction reveals physicochemical properties and hotspots for nsp7 stability, adaptation, and therapeutic design
Authors: Yadav Amar Jeet , Kumar Shivank , Maurya Shweata , Bhagat Khushboo , Padhi Aditya K.
Published: April 2024

The study investigates the molecular intricacies of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp via computational protein design, machine learning, and structural analyses, shedding light on mutational selection events impacting viral evolution and therapeutic strategies.
Integrated carbon capture and CO production from bicarbonates through bipolar membrane electrolysis
Authors: Song Hakhyeon , Fernández Carlos A. , Choi Hyeonuk , Huang Po-Wei , Oh Jihun , Hatzell Marta C.
Published: April 2024

Bicarbonate electrolysis with integrated carbon capture (BE-ICC) enables direct conversion of a carbon capture solution.
Confining hollow ZnSe/NiSe microspheres in freestanding carbon nanofibers for flexible potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Yan Bo , Sun Hao , Liu Xueping , Fu Xinyuan , Xu Changqing , Zhang Tiantian , Tao Huachao , Zhang Lulu , Li Xifei , Yang Xuelin , Wang Renheng
Published: April 2024

Flexible ZnSe/NiSe@NC anodes exhibit a remarkable Coulombic efficiency, rate capability, and cycling stability. Leveraging their sophisticated composition and structure, high-capacity and long-life foldable potassium-ion batteries can be achieved.
Amphiphilic electrolyte additive as an ion-flow stabilizer enables superb zinc metal batteries
Authors: Yang Zimin , Sun Yilun , Deng Siting , Tong Hao , Wu Mingqiang , Nie Xinbin , Su Yifan , He Guanjie , Zhang Yinghe , Li Jianwei , Chai Guoliang
Published: April 2024

3-(Hydroxy(phenyl)phosphoryl)propanoic acid (HPA) has a strong coordination ability for Zn2+/metal anodes which not only form sphere micelles that promote the uniform transmission of Zn2+ but also enhance the preferential adsorption on anodes.
Stabilization of lithium metal in concentrated electrolytes: effects of electrode potential and solid electrolyte interphase formation
Authors: Pradhan Anusha , Nishimura Shoma , Kondo Yasuyuki , Kaneko Tomoaki , Katayama Yu , Sodeyama Keitaro , Yamada Yuki
Published: April 2024

Reversible lithium plating/stripping in concentrated electrolytes is discussed from the viewpoints of liquid structure, lithium electrode potential, and solid-electrolyte-interphase formation.
Biocatalytic approaches for a more sustainable synthesis of sandalwood fragrances
Authors: Cancellieri Maria C. , Maggioni Davide , Di Maio Lorenzo , Fiorito Daniele , Brenna Elisabetta , Parmeggiani Fabio , Gatti Francesco G.
Published: April 2024

Higher safety and sustainability is achieved by replacing hydrogenation with enzymatic reduction in the stereoselective preparation of sandalwood fragrances.
Rapid determination of Hg isotopes in low concentration water samples by flow injection-plasma electrochemical vapor generation
Authors: Wang Guan , Liu Xing , Li Shuyang , Dong Junhang , Wang Xuan , Wang Yuzhe , He Dong , Huang Yuqing , Du Yuanyuan , Zheng Hongtao , Hu Shenghong , Zhu Zhenli
Published: April 2024

A new strategy for determining the Hg isotopes in low Hg concentration samples is proposed, utilizing the flow injection plasma electrochemical vapor generation (FI-PEVG) sampling technique coupled with MC-ICPMS.
Multiplex nanozymatic biosensing of Salmonella on a finger-actuated microfluidic chip
Authors: Jin Nana , Jiang Fan , Yang Fengzhen , Ding Ying , Liao Ming , Li Yanbin , Lin Jianhan
Published: April 2024

A colorimetric biosensor was elaboratively designed for fast, sensitive and multiplex bacterial detection on a single microfluidic chip.
Silicalite zeolite-supported iron catalysts for enhancing isoparaffin selectivity from CO hydrogenation
Authors: Si Wuqiang , Liu Xuangan , Xu Zhiren , Zeng Chunyang , Li Mingquan , Xing Chuang , Huang Bin , Wang Peng , Xu Yan , Wei Shuai
Published: April 2024

The protons from the Brønsted acid sites promote the formation of alkylcarbenium ions, and these ions are rearranged and added to produce iso-olefins, which pass through the acid silicates zeolite shell to produce more isoparaffins.
Unsaturated sulfur-containing polymers from modular alcohol click chemistry
Authors: Liu Ziheng , Zhang Chengjian , Zhang Xinghong
Published: April 2024

A modular and efficient click reaction for connecting primary and secondary alcohols with activated alkynes via carbonyl sulfide (COS) was developed. Polythiocarbonates were synthesized by the step-wise polyaddition of diols, dipropiolates, and COS.
An electrodeposited superaerophobic nickel catalyst on pencil-drawn paper: a novel approach for highly efficient and stable hydrogen evolution
Authors: Sun Qian , Hao Xiaoyu , Zhang Tianyi , Ma Zelin , Hu Kui , Yang Ming , Huang Xiaolei , Liu Xuqin
Published: April 2024

Electrodes with cracked surface were designed on pencil drawn nonconducting A4 paper by electrodeposition to build superaerophobic surface, which showed excellent catalytic performance, especially at high current densities.
Effect of –OH on the thermal enhancement properties of NIR-II lanthanide-doped nanoparticles in water
Authors: Huang Yingping , Hu Jie , Guo Yongwei , Wang Zihao , Lin Fulin , Zhu Haomiao
Published: April 2024

The –OH group plays a key role in the thermal enhancement effect of nanoparticles (NPs). By separately introducing LiCl and D2O into aqueous solutions, we demonstrated how the blue shift and –OH content affect the thermal enhancement factor of NPs.
Advances in technical strategies for monitoring the reduction of platinum(iv) complexes
Authors: Chen Shu , Zhou Qiyuan , Ng Ka-Yan , Xu Zoufeng , Xu Weikang , Zhu Guangyu
Published: April 2024

The reduction of Pt(iv) complexes can be monitored by various analytical techniques. These techniques hold significant promise in elucidating the mechanisms of Pt(iv) prodrug activation, aiding in the rational design of novel Pt(iv) prodrugs.
Palladium-catalyzed and ligand-controlled divergent cycloadditions of vinylidenecyclopropane-diesters with para-quinone methides enabled by zwitterionic π-propargyl palladium species
Authors: Shen Jia-Hao , Long Yong-Jie , Shi Min , Wei Yin
Published: April 2024

A palladium-catalyzed and ligand-controlled divergent synthesis of spiro-cyclohexadienones from p-quinone methides and VDCP-diesters was realized via zwitterionic π-propargyl palladium species and the mechanism was clarified by DFT calculations.
Cr-mediated photocatalytic decarboxylative coupling of alpha-oxo acids with benzylic pyridinium salts
Authors: Cao Jia , Liu Yan , Wang Zhixiang , Liu Le
Published: April 2024

We developed a method for chromium/photoredox dual catalytic synthesis of ketones using α-oxo acids with benzylic pyridinium salts.
Carborane–arene fused boracyclic analogues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons accessed by intramolecular borylation
Authors: Li Yijie , Tamizmani Masilamani , Akram Manjur O. , Martin Caleb D.
Published: April 2024

Carborane fused boron doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were accessed by dehydrobrominative and dehydrogenative borylation.
Thiophene-fused γ-lactams inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease via reversible covalent acylation
Authors: Gayatri  , Brewitz Lennart , Ibbotson Lewis , Salah Eidarus , Basak Shyam , Choudhry Hani , Schofield Christopher J.
Published: April 2024

Thiophene-fused γ-lactams are reversible covalent inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, a nucleophilic cysteine enzyme. γ-Lactams can inhibit nucleophilic cysteine enzymes by S-acylation as well as nucleophilic serine enzymes by O-acylation.
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Vanderbilt Fatigue Scale for Adults
Authors: Taşdemir İlknur , Türkyılmaz Meral Didem , Hornsby Benjamin W. Y.
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

Listening-related fatigue (LRF) is a prominent topic of research interest. The purpose of this study is to investigate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the 40-item Vanderbilt Fatigue Scale for Adults (TR-VFS-A-40).

Method:

This study included 317 adults with no hearing loss and 260 adults with hearing loss in the study group, totaling 577 adults aged 18–75 years. While 31 adults in the study group did not use any hearing technology, there were 96 hearing aid users and 123 cochlear implant (CI) users. A subset of 80 CI users completed the TR-VFS-A-40 a second time, 2 weeks later, to assess test–retest reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess test–retest reliability. Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate internal consistency. To examine construct validity, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed. For concurrent validity analysis, the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS) and TR-VFS-A-40 scores were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test.

Results:

Cronbach's alpha values were excellent for the total scale of .987 and the cognitive, emotional, physical, and social subscales (.953, .954, .955, and .946, respectively). Analyses of concurrent validity revealed strong and significant correlations between CIS and TR-VFS-A-40 scores, indicating a good concurrent validity. The CFA determined that the construct validity of the TR-VFS-A-40 was satisfactory.

Conclusion:

The TR-VFS-A-40 is a valid and reliable measure of LRF.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25457752
CFA‐Based Splicing Forgery Localization Method via Statistical Analysis
Authors: Liu Lei , Sun Peng , Lang Yubo , Li Jingjiao
Published: April 2024

The color filter array of the camera is an effective fingerprint for digital forensics. Most previous color filter array (CFA)‐based forgery localization methods perform under the assumption that the interpolation algorithm is linear. However, interpolation algorithms commonly used in digital cameras are nonlinear, and their coefficients vary with content to enhance edge information. To avoid the impact of this impractical assumption, a CFA‐based forgery localization method independent of linear assumption is proposed. The probability of an interpolated pixel value falling within the range of its neighboring acquired pixel values is computed. This probability serves as a means of discerning the presence and absence of CFA artifacts, as well as distinguishing between various interpolation techniques. Subsequently, curvature is employed in the analysis to select suitable features for generating the tampering probability map. Experimental results on the Columbia and Korus datasets indicate that the proposed method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art methods and is also more robust to various attacks, such as noise addition, Gaussian filtering, and JPEG compression with a quality factor of 90.
Nonlinear control of coaxial double rotor magnetic gear based on high gain observer in wind turbine
Authors: Habibi Hamideh , Aminnzhad Amanj , Khosrowjerdi Mohammad Javad
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes a nonlinear control law with a dynamic controller based on high gain observer (HGO) for a co‐axial double rotor magnetic gear (CADRMG) based on Halbach array used in wind turbines. The generalized canonical form (GCF) is used to normalize the nonlinear augmented system to achieve the dynamic control signal with a chain of integrator of system output. In addition, a tracking problem is defined to track high speed rotor (HSR) with respect to GCF. On the other hand, the HGO is used to estimate the error tracking at the expense of nonlinear terms. Furthermore, the nonlinear system observability of the augmented system is evaluated. A dynamic control law is used to solve the tracking problem based on HGO. This controller can eliminate the effect of load torque as a constant and unknown disturbance in the closed‐loop system. Moreover, the closed‐loop stability of the system under dynamic signal control is guaranteed. The system states estimation is calculated by recursive equations from tracking error estimations. Finally, numerical simulations are given to illustrate the theoretical results of proposed system.
Direct synthesis approach to design PDμ${\text{PD}}^\mu$ based smith predictor for integrating plants: Studied on a quadrotor UAV
Authors: Ranjan Anjana , Mehta Utkal , Prakash Surya , Azid Sheikh Izzal
Published: April 2024

This article presents a simple yet novel method of designing a fractional‐order proportional derivative (namely, ) controller for all types of integrating plants. Considering the importance of the direct synthesis approach, the method obtains robust closed‐loop performance. The setpoint parameter is obtained using the multi‐optimization Pareto solution, considering the optimal values in control efforts and performance index together. The numerical investigations have shown improved servo and regulatory responses compared to recently published strategies with fractional orders. It is also known that classical PIDs cannot accurately follow a ramp setpoint. A real‐world situation also demands that the reference inputs become an acceleration ramp type. The proposed technique can handle rising ramp setpoints with plant uncertainty and measurement noise. Hardware verification is also performed on a quadrotor minidrone to check for real‐time issues.
High-fidelity models for the online control of power ramps in fuel displacement systems – Revisiting the ISABELLE experiment in the OSIRIS Material Testing Reactor
Authors: Peng Yifan , Blanchet David , Jacqmin Robert , Julien Jérôme , Rosato Joël
Published: April 2024

The Jules Horowitz Reactor (JHR) is an MTR under construction at the CEA Cadarache, France. Its design and future operation build upon the lessons learned from the OSIRIS MTR. The CEA intends to transfer the knowledge accumulated with the ISABELLE1 loop of OSIRIS to the ADELINE loop of the JHR, both dedicated to power-ramp-type irradiation experiments, the purpose of which is to test the resistance of PWR fuel rod cladding under extreme levels of stress. In this article, we revisit the ETALISA experiment, a heat balance measurement experiment performed in 1992 for calibrating power ramps in ISABELLE1. We use high-fidelity modelling and simulation tools, especially the neutron-gamma TRIPOLI-4® Monte Carlo transport code, to calculate the detailed components of the heat balance, correction terms, and uncertainties. Comparisons between the simulations and the experiments show a very good agreement in the total linear heat generation rate of 400 W/cm at high power. The computed 2σ uncertainty is found to be 5%, a value essentially identical to the estimate derived in 1993 from an engineering approach. The use of modern simulation tools does not make it possible to improve upon this value, but provides a better understanding of the various components and corrections introduced in the total heat balance. The main limitations come from the ISABELLE1 online instrumentation, thermocouples and self-power neutron detectors, which set a limit on our very knowledge of the actual power ramp experimental conditions.
Perceptions par les médecins généralistes des bénéfices de leur thèse d’exercice : une étude qualitative
Authors: Rault Matthieu , Banâtre Agnès , Lucas Gilles , Myhié Didier , Maury Arnaud
Published: April 2024

Contexte : La thèse d’exercice en médecine générale est à la fois un travail de recherche, un outil d’apprentissage du troisième cycle et le symbole de la fin des études médicales. Il existe un doute quant à son utilité scientifique. Objectif : L’objectif était d’explorer les perceptions de médecins généralistes sur les bénéfices de leur travail de thèse. Méthode : Ce travail est une étude qualitative respectant les recommandations de la grille COREQ, à partir de 14 entretiens semi-dirigés, conduits jusqu’à saturation des données, analysés selon une approche inductive en s’inspirant des principes de la phénoménologie complétée par une modélisation. Résultats : Malgré l’obligation initiale, la thèse d’exercice était considérée comme un fardeau utile développant des compétences professionnelles. Les médecins étaient plus sceptiques quant à la valeur scientifique de leur thèse. La solitude, l’amateurisme, l’errance méthodologique, le manque de temps étaient les freins évoqués. Un sujet personnel, la mutualisation du travail, le soutien méthodologique et humain, l’anticipation étaient les leviers de la réussite. La portée symbolique de la soutenance empiétait sur sa dimension universitaire. Le titre de docteur, la reconnaissance par les pairs et l’engagement envers la société sont des retombées importantes pour les médecins. Les axes d’amélioration identifiés étaient : expliciter les objectifs pédagogiques, accompagner les internes sur le plan méthodologique, dédramatiser et rendre passionnante la thèse. Conclusion : Certains leviers facilitants pourraient être activés rapidement à la fois par les directeurs de thèse et par les départements de médecine générale comme mieux définir le cadre scientifique et pédagogique, désamorcer l’aspect symbolique et favoriser le travail en commun.
The chronic pancreatitis (CP) Type Cambridge 2 as a cause of unclear upper abdominal pain: a radiologically underestimated diagnosis
Authors: Schaible Jan , Grenacher Lars , Stroszczynski Christian , Schreyer Andreas G. , Huber Lorenz , Bäumler Wolf
Published: April 2024

The time interval from symptom onset to the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis (CP) remains disproportionately long today due to nonspecific symptoms and the absence of a definitive laboratory marker. Nevertheless, mortality is increased by 3.6 times compared to the general population. Additionally, the risk of developing pancreatic carcinoma is 16 times higher in the presence of CP. According to the current S3 guideline, the morphological staging of CP should be based on the Cambridge Classification for CT/MRCP. Most radiologists morphologically associate CP with Cambridge Stage 4, which is characterized by classic calcifications. The subtle morphologies of earlier Cambridge Stages are often unrecognized, leading to delayed diagnosis. The aim of this study was to diagnose CP at Cambridge Stage 2 as the cause of unexplained upper abdominal discomfort.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 266 patients with unexplained upper abdominal pain who underwent outpatient MRI with MRCP between January 1, 2021, and October 1, 2023. The criteria for Cambridge Stage 2 were evaluated: pancreatic duct in the corpus measuring between 2 and 4 mm, pancreatic hypertrophy, cystic changes < 10 mm, irregularities in the duct, or > 3 pathological side branches. Patients with known tumors or other leading diagnoses, which explained the discomfort, were excluded.

25 patients (15 female, 10 male) met the criteria for CP Stage 2 (9%). Ductal dilation between 2 and 4 mm was visible in 21 cases. Pancreatic hypertrophy was observed in six cases. Cystic changes < 10 mm were identified in three cases. Irregularities in the duct (“wavy duct”) were diagnosed in 19 patients. Dilation of > 3 side branches was recognized in 17 cases. Lipase levels were additionally determined, with 13 patients showing pathologically elevated levels (> 60 U/l).

CP at Cambridge Stage 2 is an important and underestimated diagnosis in patients with unexplained upper abdominal pain in the outpatient setting. Radiologists should pay attention not only to common signs like calcifications, large cysts, or duct strictures but also to subtle changes such as duct irregularities (“wavy duct configuration”) and pathologically dilated side branches, which could lead to a significantly earlier diagnosis of CP. Lipase determination may be an additional indication of chronic pancreatitis in this context.
Ein Sturm zieht auf … der „Thyroid Storm“ als seltener endokrinologischer Notfall im Notarztdienst
Authors: Ventzke Marc-Michael
Published: April 2024

Bis auf Störungen des Glukosestoffwechsels sind endokrinologische Notfälle vor allem in der präklinischen Situation sehr selten. Die thyreotoxische Krise stellt eine Rarität unter den Krankenhausbehandlungen und erst recht im Notarztdienst dar. Klare Diagnosekriterien hierfür existieren nicht, sodass das gesamte klinische Bild des Patienten betrachtet werden muss. Allerdings stehen Bewertungsskalen zur Verfügung, mit denen der Verdacht erhärtet werden kann. Die präklinischen Therapieoptionen sind begrenzt. Die klinische Therapie muss im intensivmedizinischen Umfeld erfolgen.
Tripeptide-Catalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition Reaction of β-Nitrostyrenes with Cyclohexanone
Authors: Kohari Yoshihito , Kippei Maeda , Takeyama Mitsuki , Murata Miki
Published: April 2024

A tripeptide catalyst derived from natural l-amino acids was employed in the reaction of β-nitrostyrenes with cyclohexanone, serving as a model for the asymmetric Michael addition reaction. The reaction was conducted in the presence of H-Pro-Tle-Gly-OH and 2-fluoro-4-chlorobenzoic acid as co-catalysts (each at 20 mol%) in DMF-H2O (5:1) at 0 °C for 3 days. This process yielded the desired Michael adducts with excellent efficiency and good stereoselectivity (up to 98% yield, up to 92% ee).