bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rigid External Distraction Osteogenesis for a Patient with Maxillary Hypoplasia and Oligodontia
Authors: Kitai Noriyuki , Kawasaki Keishi , Yasuda Yoshitaka , Kogo Mikihiko , Murakami Shumei , Kreiborg Sven , Takada Kenji
Published: October 2018

Objective

In this report, the orthodontic treatment combined with rigid external distraction osteogenesis in a 5.5-year-old girl with midfacial hypoplasia and oligodontia is described.

Patient

The child presented with a reduced maxilla, protruding lower lip, skeletal Class III jaw relationship with a low mandibular plane angle, a short and flattened nose, anterior crossbite, and aplasia of 16 permanent teeth. The patient was treated with rigid external maxillary distraction osteogenesis, maxillary protraction headgear, and Class III elastics. Following treatment, the maxilla was displaced in a forward direction with new bone formation at the tuberosities and the mandible rotated backward in relation to the anterior cranial base. The anterior crossbite was corrected, and the skeletal jaw relationship changed from a Class III to a Class I skeletal pattern. The soft tissue facial profile showed that the nasal projection had been increased, the nasolabial angle increased, and the lower lip protrusion was reduced. Postoperative treatment results were acceptable.

Conclusion

This report documents that early maxillary advancement with rigid external osteogenesis offers a promising treatment alternative for a very young patient with maxillary hypoplasia and oligodontia.
Genetic Association Studies of Cleft Lip and/or Palate with Hypodontia outside the Cleft Region
Authors: Slayton Rebecca L. , Williams Laura , Murray Jeffrey C. , Wheeler James J. , Lidral Andrew C. , Nishimura Carla J.
Published: October 2018

Objective

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the candidate genes previously studied in subjects with cleft lip, cleft palate, or both are associated with hypodontia outside the region of the cleft.

Subjects

One hundred twenty subjects from the Iowa Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center were selected based on the availability of both dental records and genotype information.

Method

The type of orofacial clefting and type and location of dental anomalies (missing teeth, supernumerary teeth, or peg laterals) were assessed by dental chart review and radiographic examination. Genotype analysis of candidate genes was performed using polymerase chain reaction/single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis.

Results

The prevalence of hypodontia in this sample was 47.5%, with 30.0% of subjects having missing teeth outside the cleft. There was a positive association between subjects with cleft lip or cleft lip and palate who had hypodontia outside the cleft region (compared with noncleft controls) and both muscle segment homeo box homolog 1 (MSX1) (p = .029) and transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFB3) (p = .024). It was not possible in this analysis to determine whether this association was specifically associated with orofacial clefting combined with hypodontia or whether it was due primarily to the clefting phenotype.

Conclusions

In this sample, there was a significantly greater incidence of hypodontia outside the cleft region in subjects with cleft lip and palate, compared with cleft lip only or cleft palate only. Cleft lip and/or palate with hypodontia outside the cleft region was positively associated with both TGFB3 and MSX1, compared with noncleft controls.
Negative Transcriptional Regulation of Connexin 43 by Tbx2 in Rat Immature Coronal Sutures and ROS 17/2.8 Cells in Culture
Authors: Borke James L. , Chen Jung-Ren , Yu Jack C. , Bollag Roni J. , Orellana Maria F. , Isales Carlos M.
Published: October 2018

Background

Tbx2 is a member of the T-box family of transcriptional regulatory genes with an extensive but not yet fully understood role in embryonic development. This study explores the potential role of Tbx2 in calvarial morphogenesis.

Objectives

To explore the hypothesis that Tbx2 has a negative regulatory effect on the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43), a protein necessary for cell-to-cell communication; document the presence of Tbx2 protein in the developing cranial sutures; and determine the spatial pattern of expression of this developmentally regulated transcription factor in calvariae.

Design

The osteoblast-like cell line ROS 17/2.8 was stably transfected with sense or antisense Tbx2. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting was used to study Tbx2 and Cx43 expression in these cells and sections of embedded developing coronal sutures.

Results

The ROS 17/2.8 cells transfected with antisense Tbx2 showed a decrease in expression of Tbx2 protein and an increase in expression of endogenous Cx43. The reverse is seen with sense-transfected cells. Both of these proteins are expressed in rat developing coronal sutures. The pattern of Tbx2 expression in the developing was also reciprocal to the pattern of Cx43 expression. Tbx2 protein is concentrated in the center of the sutural blastema, an area devoid of Cx43 protein localization. Conversely, Tbx2 protein expression is low in the periphery of the sutures, in which there is high Cx43 protein expression.

Conclusions

Taken together, these studies suggest that Tbx2 protein is a negative regulator of Cx43 expression at the transcriptional level in cranial sutures in vivo.
Audiologic and Tympanometric Findings in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Tunçbilek Gökhan , Özgür Figen , Belgin Erol
Published: October 2018

Objective

To evaluate the otologic and audiologic status of 50 children with repaired cleft lip, cleft palate, or both in Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

Design

Audiometric and tympanometric evaluation of 100 ears in 50 children were performed. Hearing levels ≤ 15 dB and middle ear pressures between −50 to +50 decaPascals were considered to be normal. Results were examined according to cleft type and laterality. The least and most affected frequencies were calculated. A simple evaluation of speech characteristics including nasal resonance, nasal air escape, and errors of articulation was also performed.

Results

Sixty-three of the 100 ears had normal hearing status, whereas 40 had normal middle ear pressures. No evidence was found to suggest that individual cleft type and laterality of the ear had any effect on hearing loss or middle ear disease. Two-thirds of the patients had normal or acceptable degree of language skills.

Conclusion

The final hearing status of patients with cleft palate is a result of a combination of surgical correction, developmental factors, and treatment of middle ear disease. Early and aggressive ventilation tube placement is the standard of cleft care in many countries. Our long-term hearing outcome is relatively good in a population not treated with routine insertion of ventilation tubes. The majority of patients also have satisfactory speech. Patients with cleft palate should have close follow-up for middle ear disease, but further research is warranted to determine the aggressive usage of ventilation tubes.
Unilateral Advancement of the Maxillary Minor Segment by Distraction Osteogenesis in Patients with Repaired Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Kuroe Kazuto , Iino Shoichiro , Shomura Kenji , Okubo Akiro , Sugihara Kazumasa , Ito Gakuji
Published: October 2018

Objective

Collapse of the maxillary minor segment with lateral crossbite is a common feature in patients with repaired unilateral cleft lip/palate because of maxillary alveolar bony defect and palatal scar tissue. Distraction osteogenesis (DOG) is an effective technique of lengthening and augmentation for bone and gingiva. This case report describes the effects of unilateral advancement of the maxillary minor segment by DOG in two patients with the repaired unilateral cleft lip/palate.
Patterns of Maxillary Alveolar Arch Growth Changes of Infants with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Preliminary Findings
Authors: Braumann Bert , Keilig Ludger , Stellzig-Eisenhauer Angelika , Bourauel Christoph , Bergé Stefaan , Jäger Andreas
Published: October 2018

Objective

Because of significant differences in pathomorphology at birth, it may be that a better treatment outcome prognosis exists for patients with incomplete versus complete cleft forms. Can reaction patterns be extracted from changes in maxillary dimensions of different cleft forms within the first year of life to support this hypothesis?

Subjects

Chronologically consecutive casts of the maxilla (1 week and 3, 6, and 12 months of life) of 15 patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (cUCLP) and 13 patients with incomplete unilateral cleft lip and palate (iUCLP). All patients were treated with passive palatal plates. Cheiloplasty was performed at 6 months of age. No primary osteoplastic surgery was carried out.

Interventions

Following digitizing with a three-dimensional laser scanner, all cast surfaces were computer reconstructed, aligned, and superimposed. Distances between the surfaces were determined and expressed graphically. Computer-aided determination of defined maxillary dimensions was performed. The volumes of segmented surfaces were determined and compared.

Results

Within the first year of life, decreased sagittal but increased transverse alveolar growth for patients with iUCLP was found. The increase in alveolar crest length in patients with iUCLP was 50% less within the first year of life than in patients with cUCLP. In the same patients, the volumes of the molar segments were, on average, larger at each registration stage and the increase in these volumes larger within the first year of life.

Conclusion

Conclusions regarding the direction and extent of growth cannot be drawn from the visible level of severity of the malformation.
Dental Occlusion after Veau-Wardill-Kilner versus Minimal Incision Technique Repair of Isolated Clefts of the Hard and Soft Palate
Authors: Karsten Agneta , Larson Margareta , Larson Ola
Published: October 2018

Objective

To compare the Veau-Wardill-Kilner technique with a technique similar to the minimal incision technique described by Mendosa et al. on the basis of surgical complications and dentoalveolar status in the deciduous dentition.

Design

Retrospective study of medical and dental records and casts.

Patients

A consecutive series of 129 Caucasian children born with isolated cleft palate between 1980 and 1992.

Main Outcome Measures

From medical records, the variables of time for surgery, blood loss, complications in the immediate postoperative period, and frequency of fistulas were evaluated. On dental casts, the variables of sagittal, transversal, and vertical relations; structure of the palatal mucosa; and height of the palatal vault were studied.

Results

Time for surgery was shorter in the extensive clefts repaired with a Veau-Wardill-Kilner technique. Blood loss was higher using the Veau-Wardill-Kilner technique. The width of the upper jaw was significantly narrower in the Veau-Wardill-Kilner group, compared with the minimal incision group. Scar tissue and pits of the palate were more frequently found in the Veau-Wardill-Kilner group.

Conclusions

The minimal incision technique in this study has been shown to result in better development of the upper jaw with a better dental occlusion and palatal mucosa with significantly less scar tissue.
A Quantitative Three-Dimensional Assessment of Abnormal Variations in Facial Soft Tissues of Adult Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Ferrario Virgilio F. , Sforza Chiarella , Dellavia Claudia , Tartaglia Gianluca M. , Sozzi Davide , Carù Armando
Published: October 2018

Objective

To supply quantitative information about the facial soft tissues of adult operated patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP).

Design, Setting, and Patients

The three-dimensional coordinates of soft tissue facial landmarks were obtained using an electromagnetic digitizer in 18 Caucasian patients with CLP (11 males and 7 females aged 19 to 27 years) and 162 healthy controls (73 females and 89 males aged 18 to 30 years). From the landmarks, 15 facial dimensions and two angles were calculated. Data were compared with those collected in healthy individuals by computing z-scores. Two summary anthropometric measurements for quantifying craniofacial variations were assessed in both the patients and reference subjects: the mean z-score (an index of overall facial size), and its SD, called the craniofacial variability index (an index of facial harmony).

Results

In treated patients with CLP, facial size was somewhat smaller than in normal individuals, but in all occasions the mean z-score fell inside the normal interval (mean ± 2 SD). Almost all patients had a craniofacial variability index larger than the normal interval, indicating a global disharmonious appearance. Overall, in patients pronasale, subnasale, and pogonion were more posterior, the nose was shorter and larger, the face was narrower, and the soft tissue profile and upper lip were flatter than in the reference population.

Conclusions

The facial soft tissue structures of adult operated patients with CLP differed from those of normal controls of the same age, sex, and ethnic group. In this patient group, surgical corrections of CLP failed to provide a completely harmonious appearance, even if the deviations from the reference were limited. Further analyses of larger groups of patients are needed.
Craniofacial Morphology in a Patient with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome
Authors: Taniyama Tomohide , Kitai Noriyuki , Iguchi Yoshitaka , Murakami Shumei , Yanagi Miho , Takada Kenji
Published: October 2018

Objective

We present the case of a 6-year-old boy with a coarse face, cleft palate, and malocclusion with anterior open bite who had been diagnosed with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome. Morphology of the craniofacial structures was examined on the basis of conventional radiographs, three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) scanning.

Patient

This patient had 13 ribs on the right side, slight scoliosis, supernumerary nipples, a coarse face, hypertelorism, a short broad upturned nose, a wide mouth, a straight facial profile with incompetence of the lips, midline groove of tongue, and cleft palate. The patient also had severe anterior open bite, a distal step-type molar relationship, five congenitally missing teeth, and a supernumerary tooth. Lateral cephalometric analysis revealed a large anterior cranial base, a large maxilla and mandible, a large inferior face height, and skeletal Class I jaw relationship with a high mandibular plane angle and large gonial angle. The 3D CT image showed a large cranium, a long face height, and prominent skull sutures. The MR image showed a large tongue, midline groove of the tongue, and a small space between tongue and palate.
Segment Distraction to Reduce a Wide Alveolar Cleft before Alveolar Bone Grafting
Authors: Binger Thomas , Katsaros Christos , Rücker Martin , Spitzer Wolfgang J.
Published: October 2018

Objective

To demonstrate a method for reduction of wide alveolar clefts prior to bone grafting. This method aims to facilitate bone grafting and achieve adequate soft tissue coverage of the graft with attached gingiva.

Case Report

Treatment of a patient with bilateral cleft lip and palate with a severe alveolar defect on the left side is illustrated. Distraction osteogenesis was used to mesialize the left segment so that the alveolar cleft was reduced to a minimum. After a 10-week retention period, bone grafting of the reduced alveolar defect was successfully performed. After consolidation of the bone graft, the alveolar cleft was found to have an osseous closure with adequate soft tissue coverage.

Conclusion

In patients with a wide alveolar cleft, soft tissue coverage with keratinized mucosa can be more readily assured by reducing the alveolar cleft by callus distraction to mesialize the lateral segment prior to bone grafting.
Numerical techniques for fast generation of large discrete-element models
Authors: Ciantia Matteo Oryem , Boschi Katia , Shire Thomas , Emam Sacha
Published: October 2018

In recent years, civil engineers have started to use discrete-element modelling to simulate large-scale soil volumes thanks to technological improvements in both hardware and software. However, existing procedures to prepare ‘representative elementary volumes’ (REV) are unsatisfactory in terms of computational cost and sample homogeneity. In this work, a simple but efficient procedure to initialise large-scale discrete-element models is presented. Periodic cells are first generated with a sufficient number of particles (enough to consider the cell an REV) matching the desired particle-size distribution and equilibrated at the desired stress state, porosity and coordination number. When the cell is in equilibrium, it is replicated in space to fill the problem domain, and when the model is filled, only a small number of mechanical cycles is needed to equilibrate a large domain. The result is an equilibrated homogeneous sample at the desired initial state in a large volume.
Transcription Factor 21 Is Required for Branching Morphogenesis and Regulates the Gdnf-Axis in Kidney Development
Authors: Ide Shintaro , Finer Gal , Maezawa Yoshiro , Onay Tuncer , Souma Tomokazu , Scott Rizaldy , Ide Kana , Akimoto Yoshihiro , Li Chengjin , Ye Minghao , Zhao Xiangmin , Baba Yusuke , Minamizuka Takuya , Jin Jing , Takemoto Minoru , Yokote Koutaro , Quaggin Susan E.
Published: October 2018

Background

The mammalian kidney develops through reciprocal inductive signals between the metanephric mesenchyme and ureteric bud. Transcription factor 21 (Tcf21) is highly expressed in the metanephric mesenchyme, including Six2-expressing cap mesenchyme and Foxd1-expressing stromal mesenchyme. Tcf21 knockout mice die in the perinatal period from severe renal hypodysplasia. In humans, Tcf21 mRNA levels are reduced in renal tissue from human fetuses with renal dysplasia. The molecular mechanisms underlying these renal defects are not yet known.

Methods

Using a variety of techniques to assess kidney development and gene expression, we compared the phenotypes of wild-type mice, mice with germline deletion of the Tcf21 gene, mice with stromal mesenchyme–specific Tcf21 deletion, and mice with cap mesenchyme–specific Tcf21 deletion.

Results

Germline deletion of Tcf21 leads to impaired ureteric bud branching and is accompanied by downregulated expression of Gdnf-Ret-Wnt11, a key pathway required for branching morphogenesis. Selective removal of Tcf21 from the renal stroma is also associated with attenuation of the Gdnf signaling axis and leads to a defect in ureteric bud branching, a paucity of collecting ducts, and a defect in urine concentration capacity. In contrast, deletion of Tcf21 from the cap mesenchyme leads to abnormal glomerulogenesis and massive proteinuria, but no downregulation of Gdnf-Ret-Wnt11 or obvious defect in branching.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that Tcf21 has distinct roles in the cap mesenchyme and stromal mesenchyme compartments during kidney development and suggest that Tcf21 regulates key molecular pathways required for branching morphogenesis.
Elmélet és gyakorlat kapcsolata 2012 után az ének-zeneoktatásban
Authors: Pintér-Keresztes Ildikó
Published: October 2018

The submitted paper is about the textbook knowledge topic that is closely connected to music methodology that I teach as part of my job in music teacher training. Choosing, evaluating and correcting the right textbook is an important skill to be built on for prospective music teachers. The year mentioned in the title of the paper has special importance with regards to innovation in content for music training. In 2012 the National Core Curriculum brought along changes in music teaching. The comparison between the National Core Curriculum and the various Music Framework Curricula regarding similarities and more importantly the significant differences is an inevitable task for those who currently teach and being trained to be teachers. The next step in this evaluation is the review of a chosen textbook and I will demonstrate the evaluation of a permanent textbook.
Tanulható-e a boldogság?
Authors: Szélesné Ferencz Edit , Hornyák Andrea
Published: October 2018

Although national wealth of economies significantly increased after the Second World War, feelings of happiness hardly changed. In terms of differentiating between financial and subjective well-being, happiness research provides scientific answers. I am examining the different paths to happiness through the lens of the various views of empirical research on happiness, positive psychology and the Buddhist economics in my thesis. On the basis of my research among high school students, I am analysing if students’ personal characteristics or the external environmental effects lead to happiness. Pessimism, materialism and the optimizing personality types support them or stop them from achieving subjective well-being. Although young people should find sources of happiness on their own, we can help them by introducing a high school education boosting students’ positive attitude.
Jogi tárgyak szükségessége a pedagógusképzésben
Authors: Varga Szabolcs
Published: October 2018

The primary and secondary education is fully missing the teaching of the legal knowledge subjects belonging to basic literacy. Due to the lack of this, the functioning of the state-organization and the self-government, the basic human and civil rights and responsibilities are not understandable. The teacher students who begin their higher education studies – and often get through it –do not understand the basic social operations and concepts (the structure and operation of the parliament, government, self-governments, Constitutional Court, court, prosecution etc.; orientation in public administration etc.).The educated teacher is the member of the child protection warning system because of his/her job. In this context he/she is encumbered by hailing obligations based on many legislations. They cannot meet their obligation without knowing the basic family and child protection laws. This omission entails responsibility for the labor and criminal law. We can hear about this kind of occasions and omissions from the previous and current news on daily basis. The presentation presents the neccesity of the legal subjects in the basic pedagogical training.
A középiskolai mezőgazdasági képzések jelentősége Magyarországon
Authors: Horváthné Petrás Viktória
Published: October 2018

In Hungary – regarding its natural circumstances – all the conditions are given for the operation of the agricultural sectors. Nevertheless, it should be stressed that the agricultural working processes mean particular working conditions. Beyond the specialization of the agricultural sector, it is essential to face the technological and technical development which happened in the last decade, the difficulties of employment, the lack of experts in many cases and the change in the social and economic norms and requirements. During my research it was a starting point to show the number and proportion of workers in the agricultural sector as well as the significant problem concerning this sector, which is the lack of young manpower. The study highlights the fact that unfortunately the qualification of the agricultural workers is quite often unsuitable. In many cases they fulfill their everyday tasks on the basis of practical experience. Emphasizing the importance of the agricultural training the research tries to point out the need for the development and considerable changes in professional training of teachers and subjects so that Hungary could hold a leading position in the world’s food production also in the future.
Az iskolai zaklatás kapcsolata az empátiával és az alapvető pszichológiai szükségletek megélésével: ahogy a diákok látják, és ahogy a tanárok kezelik
Authors: Járdaházi Evelyn , Láng András
Published: October 2018

In our thesis we wrote about bullying from the students’ and the teachers’ points of view. This phenomenon can be reached from several aspects, in our survey we are studying its connection with empathy and basic psychological needs among students and teachers. During our research questionnaries concerning empathy skills and basic psychological needs were filled in by 102 secondary school students and 40 teachers. Besides these, students filled in a list of queries about to what extent they are concerned about bullying, while teachers were asked to fill in a questionnaire about handling bullying.Bullying manner is associated with weaker empathy skills, while students suffering from bullying showed more unflattering values related to basic psychological needs. Concerning the teachers’ attitude towards school bullying it was found that their empathy skills and the level their basic psychological needs are satisfied correlated with how seriously they would take bullying.
Enduring Features of the North American Suburb: Built Form, Automobile Orientation, Suburban Culture and Political Mobilization
Authors: Filion Pierre
Published: October 2018

As any social phenomenon, the evolution of suburbs can be seen as at the confluence of two contradictory sets of forces. There are first forces of change, which propel suburbs in new directions. Much of the present literature on suburbs highlights suburban transitions in the form of social and economic diversification, and of new forms of development. The article attempts to rebalance the discourse on suburbs by emphasizing forces of durability. It does not deny the importance of observed suburban transitions, but argues that there is, at the heart of North American suburbs, an enduring automobility-induced transportation dynamic, which reverberates on most aspects of suburbs. The article explores the mechanisms undergirding suburban durability by linking the suburban transportation dynamic to the self-reproductive effects of a suburban lifestyle and culture and their political manifestations. These forces impede planning attempts to transform suburbs in ways that make them more environmentally sustainable. To empirically ground its argument, the article draws on two Toronto region case studies illustrating processes assuring the persistence of the durable features of North American suburbs: the layout of large suburban multifunctional centres and the themes raised by Rob Ford during his successful 2010 mayoralty electoral campaign.
Urban Planning and the Suburbs: Solutions for Sustainability from the Edges
Authors: Moos Markus
Published: October 2018

This thematic issue of Urban Planning includes five articles that engage critically with the debates regarding the sustainability of suburbs. Contributions include a long-term perspective of the persistence of automobile-based planning and culture in Canada; an assessment of transportation modes among high-rise condominium apartment residents in Toronto’s outer suburbs; an evaluation of policy prescribed social-mix in France’s banlieues; a study of hyper-diversity in Peel Region in the Greater Toronto Area, which positions suburbs as centers of diversity; and an analysis of how the implementation and governance of new urbanist designs in three US communities has generally failed to achieve social objectives. The articles put into question the common approach of implementing suburban sustainability policy via urbanization and social mix. Together, the contributions point to the need for more stringent restrictions on automobile use, enhanced transit service in the suburbs, emphasis on bottom-up, community-driven policy-making, recognition of multiple dimensions of diversity, and strong political leadership to drive sustainability policy forward.
Effect of indolebutyric acid on in vitro root production of Psychotria ipecacuanha (Brot.) Stokes (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Da Silva Simone , Astolfi Filho Spartaco
Published: October 2018

Psychotria ipecacuanha (Brot.) Stokes (Rubiaceae) é uma planta medicinal, conhecida como ipeca, que em suas raízes, são encontrados dois alcalóides de grande valor farmacológico (emetina e cefalina), usados no tratamento antidiarréico, amebicida, expectorante e antiinflamatório. O risco de extinção e a dificuldade do cultivo convencional da espécie, frente à grande demanda de mercado, fomentam estudos de métodos de cultivo que possibilitem a exploração econômica da mesma. Este trabalho apresenta dados sobre o desenvolvimento de protocolo de cultivo de raízes in vitro de P. ipecacuanha. Foram utilizadas folhas, segmentos nodais, internodais e raízes, que foram introduzidos em meios de cultura contendo diferentes concentrações (0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5 e 3,0 mg.L-1) de ácido indolbutírico. O melhor tratamento para a formação de raízes foi com a utilização de segmentos nodais, em meio de cultura contendo 2,5 e 3,0 mg.L-1 de AIB, que deram origem a 100% de formação de raízes, aos 60 dias de cultivo. Com relação ao número de raízes, o melhor resultado (13:1), foi obtido com a utilização de segmentos internodais em meio suplementado com 2,5 mg.L-1 de AIB e, o melhor comprimento de raízes foi obtido em segmentos radiculares desenvolvidos em 1,5 mg.L-1 de AIB (0,87cm por raiz).
Galvanic Tripartite Amazon River Basin Macro- Imagineering
Authors: Cathcart Richard Brook
Published: October 2018

Referencing basic statements on macro-engineering’s innovation-phase organization penned separately by Panero and Davidson, Team Geographos offers a new global commerce enhancing tripartite transportation macro-project, the postulated Trans-Pacific Brazil-Peru-China Trade Route. The latitudinal TPB-P-CTR may become an economically feasible substitute or supplement to a 21st Century China-supported trans-American railway designed to connect Peru’s Pacific Ocean coast with Brazil’s Atlantic Ocean coast. In effect, a New World-originated concept that could globalize the developed infrastructure of the entire Amazon River Basin. Whilst certainly remarkably speculative, technically, the suggested TPB-P-CTR could create common destinies (yet still multi-national) for tropic zone of Peru and Brazil, operationalized by substantial financial and technical inputs mainly from China’s temperate zone seaport-based communities.

Key words: Global commerce, macro-engineering, tripartite transportation macro-project. 

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Fazendo referência a declarações básicas sobre a organização da fase de inovação da macroengenharia, escritas separadamente por Panero e Davidson, a Team Geographos oferece um novo macroprojeto de transporte tripartido que fortalece o comércio global, a postulada Transpacífico Brasil-Peru-China. A latitudinal TPB-P-CTR pode se tornar um substituto ou suplemento economicamente viável para uma ferrovia transamericana com suporte da China do século 21, projetada para conectar a costa do Oceano Pacífico no Peru com a costa do Oceano Atlântico no Brasil; com efeito, um conceito originado no Novo Mundo que poderia globalizar a infraestrutura de toda a bacia do rio Amazonas. Ainda que em grande medida especulativo, do ponto de vista técnico o CTR-TPB sugerido poderia criar destinos comuns, mas ainda multinacionais, para a região do Peru e do Brasil, operacionalizados por substanciais insumos financeiros e técnicos, principalmente das comunidades baseadas em portos da zona temperada da China.

Palavras-chave: Comércio global, macroengenharia, macroprojeto de transporte tripartite. 
Talaşlı İmalat Sektöründe Zaman Serileri Kullanarak Üretim Etkililiğinin Tahmini
Authors: AKTAŞ Bahadır , AYDIN Can
Published: October 2018

Günümüzde imalat sektöründe bulunan şirketlerin,
üretim performansını, miktarını ve diğer değişkenleri tahmin edebilmesi
rekabet ortamında rakiplerine ciddi bir avantaj sağlamalarına sebep olmaktadır.
Üretim miktarlarının tahmin edilmesi tesisin gelecekteki giderlerini, üretim
tezgâhlarındaki hata oranlarını ve karşılaşılacak krizlerin önceden tespit
edilmesini sağlayarak verimlilik (etkililik) artışı sağlanmasına olanak
tanımaktadır. Bu kapsamda talaşlı imalat sektöründe üretim performansının zaman
serisi analizi kullanılarak yüksek doğrulukla ve hızlı bir şekilde tahmin
edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bunun için AR ve ARIMA metotları karşılaştırılarak
uygun model seçimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Seçilen model kullanılarak gerçeğe
yakın tahmin değerlerine ulaşılmıştır. Modellenmiş üretim performansı değerinin
üretim miktarı, üretim tonajı, üretilen parça başı ağırlık, kalıp revizyon
süresi ve bakım arıza süresi değerlerinin her biri ile polinom regresyon
yöntemi ile analizi yapılıp model oluşturulmuş ve performans tahmin değerinden
yola çıkarak bu değerlerin her birisi için ileriye dönük tahmin edilmiştir.
Elde edilen tahmini performans değerinden belirli ortalama hata payları ile
tezgâhlarda üretilen adet sayısı (%16), tonaj miktarı (%9), bakım-arıza süresi,
kalıp revizyon süresi (%51), adet başı tonaj oranı (%18) gibi diğer verilerle ile ilgili tahminlerin yapılması sağlanmıştır.
Gömülü Sistemler İçin Android Tabanlı Bir Mikroişlemci Programlama Yazılımı ve Arayüzü
Authors: ÇABUK Umut Can , DAĞDEVİREN Orhan , YİĞİT Yasin , SÜVARİ Metin
Published: October 2018

Gömülü
sistemler belirli görevleri yerine getirmek amacıyla tasarlanıp beyaz eşya,
trafik ışıkları, akıllı fabrikalar, ofis cihazları ve nesnelerin interneti gibi
alanlarda kullanılır. Farklı gömülü sistemlerinin programlanması için farklı
elektronik kartlar ve bilgisayar desteği gerekebilir. Böyle durumda bazı üreticilerin
gömülü sistemlere yazılım yükleme işini dış sağlayıcılardan alınan hazır programlama
cihazları ile yaptıkları görülmüştür. Bu cihazlarda paralel programlama imkânı
olmadığından yazılım yükleme işi ancak sırayla yapılabilmektedir. Bu cihazlara
firma içinde birçok birim aynı anda ihtiyaç duyabilir. Tüm bunlar maliyeti
yükseltmekte ve performansı düşürmektedir. Diğer yandan, birçok durumda teknik
servis ekipleri müşterilere giderken operasyonel nedenlerle bilgisayar
taşımamaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bilgisayar kullanılmadan, tablet veya cep telefonu
üzerinden gömülü sistem kartlarına yazılım yükleme işleminin yapılması uygun
bir strateji olabilir. Android işletim sistemi günümüzde akıllı telefon ve
tabletlerin ötesinde yaygın bir kullanım alanına sahip olmuştur. Öyle ki,
gömülü sistemler ve bunları programlamaya yarayan cihazlarda dahi Android
kullanılabilmektedir. Tablet ve cep telefonlarının maliyet, kullanım kolaylığı
ve taşınabilirlik avantajlarından dolayı kişisel bilgisayarlara göre daha fazla
kullanım alanı bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Vestel Beyaz Eşya AŞ için ürünlere
özgü farklı konsept işlemcileri destekleyen, paralel programla yapabilen ve
üretim ortamına-koşullarına uygun bir yazılım yükleme cihazı tasarlanması ve
gerçeklenmesi yapılmıştır. Üzerinde çalışılan gömülü sistem beyaz eşya olmasına
karşın, tasarlanan sistem farklı gömülü sistemlerde de etkin olarak
kullanılabilir.
Health and self-care of professionals working against gender-based violence: an analysis based on the grounded theory
Authors: Pérez-Tarrés Alicia ,   Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España., Cantera Espinosa Leonor María , Pereira da Silva Joilson ,   Departamento de Letras LIBRAS, área de Psicología, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sergipe, Brasil.
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Professionals working with victims of gender-based violence are exposed to highly stressing situations that can cause physical, psychological, and emotional health problems. Designing and implementing personal and institutional self-care measures is fundamental to address this problem. Objectives. a) To describe and analyze the repercussions of working with victims of violence on care professionals; b) to describe and analyze the factors that negatively affect the workers’ health and; c) to describe and analyze the personal and institutional care practices performed to mitigate those consequences. Method. We used a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory design in the framework of the grounded theory. The instrument used was a semi-structured interview created for this study. Twenty professionals involved in interventions with victims of gender-based violence were interviewed. Results. The results of this study show that professionals who work with care for victims of gender violence are victims of physical (tics, headaches, musculoskeletal problems, somatizations, etc.) and psychological (restlessness, insomnia, anxiety, etc.) problems related to their professional practice. The participants relate their health problems to variables such as the emotional impact of the issue, conflicts in the teams, and the job insecurity in the social sector. Discussion and conclusion. The occupational hazard prevention plans that public and private institutions implement need to include personal and institutional care measures to protect the health of the workers and the quality of the care provided.
The diagnosis of celiac trunk compression syndrome combined with gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Balandov Stanislav G. , Vasilevsky Dmitrij I. , Ignashov Anatoly M. , Anisimova Kristina A. , Davletbaeva Leysan I.
Published: October 2018

The celiac trunk compression syndrome and the gastroesophageal reflux disease are quite common pathological conditions in the population of economically developed countries. The frequency of combining and the semiotics these illness has not been studied. There are no approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, which developed on background of chronic ischemia of the abdominal cavity organs due to occlusion of the celiac trunk. Few papers devoted to this subject are limited to a small series of clinical observations without a detailed understanding of the problem and finding answers to these questions. The article presents an analysis of the clinical manifestations and results of instrumental diagnosis in 84 patients with a combination of the celiac trunk compression syndrome and the gastroesophageal reflux disease treated from 2011 to 2015 years. In this work the main symptoms characteristic of both diseases combination have been identified. A detailed description and characteristic of the basic methods of diagnostics are given. A practical algorithm for the detection of gastroesophageal reflux disease links with the celiac trunk compression syndrome is presented and justified in approach.
GGE biplot for stability and adaptability in cashew tree clones
Authors: Iti Yokomizo Gilberto Ken , Chagas Vidal Neto Francisco Das , Hongyu Kuang , Moura Barros Levi De
Published: October 2018

The interaction genotype versus environment makes it difficult the genetic improvement of the species for the selection of more adapted and stable genotypes. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate new clones of early dwarf cashews, in terms of stability and adaptability, employing the GGE biplot methodology.

The experimental design was based on randomized blocks with four replications and 15 treatments (different

clones). The variables evaluated were cashew production per plant (PCP), average mass of chashew (MMC)

and early harvest (PRE). The clones G1 and G3 for MMC, G15, G2, G14 and G8 for PRE and G3, G10 and G2

for PCP approached the ideotype; the clones identified as top for each characteristic were not coincident; the

majority of the clones were stable for MMC, while for PRE and PCP were not stable; the clone G4 had the best

average in PRE, but with low stability; in the GGE biplot the environments A3 for MMC, A4 to PRE and A5 for

PCP were the most discriminating; all environments had greater contribution in the differentiation of clones in

PRE and MMC, for PCP were the environments A4 and A5; in relation at the average representativeness the

environments A1 in MMC and A2 for PRE and PCP stood out.
ERKEK EGEMEN İŞ ORTAMLARINDA KADIN YÖNETİCİLERİN DENEYİMLERİ VE STRATEJİLERİ
Authors: GÜVENEL KARADUMAN Cansu , ERGUN Ayça
Published: October 2018

Ataerkil toplumlarda kadınlar kamusal ve özel alandaki eşitsizlikler

sonucunda ayrımcılığa maruz kalmaktadırlar. Söz konusu eşitsizlikler kamusal

alanın önemli bir bölümünü teşkil eden iş hayatında da geçerlidir. Kadının

eğitim alması, meslek edinmesi ve hatta çalıştığı alanında yönetici konumuna

gelmesi bile bu eşitsizliklerin ortadan kalkmasını mümkün kılmamaktadır. Bu

makalenin amacı kadınların iş alanında karşılaştıkları zorlukları ve bunlarla

başa çıkma stratejilerini belirleyerek ayrımcılık ve eşitsizlikleri hangi yollarla

aşmaya çalıştıklarını incelemektir. Çalışmada yönetici pozisyonunda çalışan

kadınların çalışma hayatlarındaki deneyimleri, karşılaştıkları sorunlar,

bunlarla başa çıkma stratejileri incelenmiş ve eşitsizliklerin aşılmasında

sahip oldukları sosyal çevrenin rolü sorgulanmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini

Türkiye’de bir teknoparkta çalışan kadın yöneticiler oluşturmaktadır. Alan

araştırmasında kadın yöneticilerle derinlemesine mülakatlar yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın

savı kadınların eğitim düzeylerinin yükseldiği ve profesyonel alanda yönetici

konumunda bulunmalarına rağmen kamusal ve özel alanda iş hayatında ataerkil

davranış kalıplarını sürdürüp içselleştirmekte ve hatta yeniden üretebildikleridir.

Sosyal çevre ve sosyal sermaye, eşitsizliklerin giderilmesinde önemli bir etken

olmakla birlikte çalışma hayatındaki eşitsizlik ve ayrımcılık örüntülerinin

ortadan kaldırılmasında sadece kolaylaştırıcı etki göstermekte, bunların

ortadan kaldırılmasında yapısal bir katkı sağlayamamaktadır.
ÜNİVERSİTE GENÇLİĞİNİN ÖZ-DUYARLIK, DEĞER YÖNELİMLERİ VE DİNDARLIK EĞİLİMLERİ (DEVLET VE VAKIF ÜNİVERSİTELERİ KARŞILAŞTIRMASI)
Authors: KAYA Ferda Şule
Published: October 2018

Bu

araştırma, üniversitede öğrencilerinin öz-duyarlık, değer yönelimleri ve

dindarlık eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkileri konu edinmektedir. Araştırma grubu Kırklareli

ve Marmara Üniversitesi ile İstanbul Bilim Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören 437

öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Veriler 2014 yılında Mart ve Nisan aylarında

toplanmıştır. Araştırma rastgele seçilmiş örneklem özerinden tarama ve ilişkisel

model olarak kurgulanmış; Neff tarafından geliştirilen “Öz-duyarlık Ölçeği”,

“Dini Tutum ve Davranış Ölçme Envanteri” ve “Schwartz Değer Listesi” ölçme

aracı olarak belirlenmiştir. Verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS-20 programı

kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arası karşılaştırmalar bağlamında öz-duyarlık

ve dini yönelimler arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların genel

dindarlık düzeyi yükseldikçe öz-duyarlığın aşırı-özdeşleşme boyutuna giren

tutumlarının da yoğunlaştığı görülmüştür. Veriler, öz-duyarlıkta, mezun olunan

okulun kurumsal yapısından ziyade aile ve yakın çevrenin etkili olduğunu

düşündürmektedir. Özetle, “Evrensel değerler ve öz duyarlılığın sevecenlik ve

bilinçlilik alt boyutları arasında pozitif ilişki vardır” yorumu

yapılabilmektedir.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ BEYAZ YAKALILARIN AYRIMCILIĞA DAYALI MOBBİNG DENEYİMLERİ: MÜCADELE YOLLARI VE ÖNERİLER
Authors: ÖZTEN Ezgi , BEŞPINAR Fatma Umut
Published: October 2018

Bu

çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye’deki kentli, yüksek eğitimli, orta sınıftan

mobbing deneyimi yaşamış beyaz yakalı çalışanların anlatılarına dayanarak,

mobbing pratikleri ile ilgili eğilim ve örüntüleri saptamak ve buna bağlı

olarak mobbing konusunda çözüm ve sosyal politikalar önermektir. Çalışmanın

odağı mobbingin türlerinden biri olarak karşımıza çıkan ayrımcılığa dayalı

mobbingdir. Bu kapsamda, 20 kentli, yüksek eğitimli ve orta sınıf beyaz yakalı

çalışanla yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine mülakatlar yapılmıştır. Bu

çalışma, mobbingle mücadeleyi olumsuz yönde etkileyen ve mağdurların mobbing

deneyimlerini daha da zorlaştıran önemli yasal ve kurumsal eksiklikler olduğunu

göstermektedir. Dahası Türkiye’de, ayrımcılık temelli mobbing diye de tanımlanabilecek

bir mobbing formu yaygın olarak yaşanmaktadır. Bu tip mobbing fiziksel görünüm,

cinsiyet, din ve mezhep veya politik görüş gibi özelliklere dayanmaktadır.

İşyerinde ayrımcılığa dayalı mobbing toplumda artan siyasi ve sosyal

kutuplaşmanın bir yansıması olarak değerlendirilebilir. Çalışmanın neticesinde,

bazı önleyici ve iyileştirici politika önerileri sunulmuştur. 
JAPONYA PAZARI İLE TÜRKIYE KARADENİZ ARASINDAKİ KÜRESEL-KIRSAL BAĞLANTI: RAPANA VENOSA’NIN METALAŞMA SÜRECİ VAKA ANALİZİ
Authors: SUZUKİ HİM Miki , GÜNDÜZ HOŞGÖR Ayşe
Published: October 2018

Rapana

venosa (damarlı rapa deniz salyangozu) Türkiye’de

tüketilmeyen ancak Japonya’ya son yirmi beş yıldır ihraç edilen deniz ürünüdür.

Bu çalışma, daha önce Japonya’da da tüketilmeyen deniz salyangozunun metalaşma

sürecini ve üretim zincirini sosyolojik açıdan incelemektedir. Araştırma

keşifseldir; veriler, döküman incelemesi, Sinop ve Samsun’da bulunan balık

işleme fabrikalarında katılımcı olmayan gözlem ve fabrika sahipleri ve

Tokyo’daki firma yöneticileriyle yapılan mülakatlar yoluyla toplanmıştır.

Çalışma, küresel bağlantılar ve eşitsizliklerin son derece karmaşık hale

geldiği yeni dünya düzeninde, deniz salyangozu ticaretinin Türkiye’deki yoksul

üreticiyi Japonya’daki yoksul tüketiciye nasıl bağladığını irdelemektedir.  
The relationship between quality of working life and professional behaviour for nurses working in a university hospita
Authors: Masat Sevil , Cinarli Tugba , Sener Asuman , Kavalali Erdogan Tugba , Simsit Gulhan , Koc Zeliha
Published: October 2018

This study was a descriptive study aimed to determine the relationship between nurses’ professional quality of work life and professional attitudes. The ability of nurses to work efficiently and productively depends on the development of a qualified environment that will support their professional practices. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 165 nurses working in a university hospital in the city of Samsun between 15 July and 15 August 2017. The total score average of the Nurses’ Quality of Life Scale was found to be 105.9 ± 7.5 and the median score of Professional Attitude Inventory was found to be 118 (76–159). A statistically significant relationship was found between some socio-demographic and working characteristics of the nurses, the Professional Quality of Life Scale and Professional Attitude Inventory scores (p < 0.05). The findings show that there is no relationship between nurses’ quality of professional life and their professional attitudes.Keywords: Nurse, professional quality of life, professional attitude.
Considerations for professionalism of nursing students in clinical practices
Authors: Danaci Esra , Ozturk Esma Ayse , Masat Sevil , Kavalali Erdogan Tugba , Atmaca Palazoglu Cansu , Koc Zeliha
Published: October 2018

This is a descriptive study that aims to determine the factors affecting the professional behaviour of nursing students in clinical applications. The survey was conducted between 20 September and 20 December 2017 with the participation of 274 students studying in the Nursing Department of Health Sciences Faculty of a University. The data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of 18 questions and Nursing Students Professional Behaviours Scale (NSPBS). The mean age of the nursing students participated in the study was 20.67 ± 1.88 years and 81.8% of the students were female while 18.2% were male. Of them, 78.5% loved their profession, 60.9% chose their profession willingly, 67.5% did not want to change their profession and 9.5% of them were members of professional associations and followed professional publications. The mean score of NSPBS was determined to be 122 (29–135). Hence, the nursing students’ ability to perform professional behaviours was found to be high.Keywords: Nursing, student, professional behaviour.
Undeclared work and legal instruments for combating it in Spain
Authors: Fita Ortega Fernando
Published: October 2018

Abstract: This article analyses the measures adopted in Spain to combat undeclared work, although only with respect to activities included in the scope of the Spanish Workers’ Statute (workers under employment agreements). For the purposes of this analysis, the measures have been broken down into three main groups: control measures; measures to combat illegal employment and, finally, measures to promote legal employment. The paper concludes with some reflections on the effectiveness of these measures.Keywords: Undeclared work. Control instruments. Promotion of declared work. Sanctions against undeclared work. Spain.