bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Celecoxib reduces glucocorticoids in vitro and in a mouse model with adrenocortical hyperplasia
Authors: Liu Sisi , Saloustros Emmanouil , Berthon Annabel , Starost Matthew F , Sahut-Barnola Isabelle , Salpea Paraskevi , Szarek Eva , Faucz Fabio R , Martinez Antoine , Stratakis Constantine A
Published: October 2015

Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD), whether in the context of Carney complex (CNC) or isolated, leads to ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome (CS). CNC and PPNAD are caused typically by inactivating mutations of PRKAR1A, a gene coding for the type 1a regulatory subunit (R1α) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Mice lacking Prkar1a, specifically in the adrenal cortex (AdKO) developed CS caused by bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH), which is formed from the abnormal proliferation of fetal-like adrenocortical cells. Celecoxib is a cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) inhibitor. In bone, Prkar1a inhibition is associated with COX2 activation and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production that, in turn, activates proliferation of bone stromal cells. We hypothesized that COX2 inhibition may have an effect in PPNAD. In vitro treatment of human cell lines, including one from a patient with PPNAD, with celecoxib resulted in decreased cell viability. We then treated AdKO and control mice with 1500 mg/kg celecoxib or vehicle. Celecoxib treatment led to decreased PGE2 and corticosterone levels, reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis of adrenocortical cells, and decreased steroidogenic gene expression. We conclude that, in vitro and in vivo, celecoxib led to decreased steroidogenesis. In a mouse model of PPNAD, celecoxib caused histological changes that, at least in part, reversed BAH and this was associated with a reduction of corticosterone levels.
Advances in cancer research using gold nanoparticles mediated photothermal ablation.
Authors: Mocan Lucian , Matea Cristian T. , Bartos Dana , Mosteanu Ofelia , Pop Teodora , Mocan Teodora , Iancu Cornel
Published: October 2015

Recent research suggests that nanotechnologies may lead to the development of novel cancer treatment. Gold nanoparticles with their unique physical and chemical properties hold great hopes for the development of thermal-based therapies against human malignancies. This review will focus on various strategies that have been developed to use gold nanoparticles as photothermal agents against human cancers.
Hypersensitivity and Nanoparticles: Update and Research Trends
Authors: Mocan Teodora , Matea Cristian T. , Iancu Cornel , Agoston-Coldea Lucia , Mocan Lucian , Orasan Remus
Published: October 2015

Nanotechnology holds a great promise for a wide range of medical-intent applications (diagnostic, treatment and prophylaxis of various diseases). Their advantages are due to their size, versatility and potential for multiple simultaneous applications. However, concerns have been formulated by scientific world due to insufficient data on toxicity of nanomaterials. One area of interest is represented by the interactions between nanoparticles and the components of the immune system. We review herein reported data on hypersensitivity reactions. The role exerted by nanoparticles in both immunostimulation and immunosuppression in allergen-driven mechanisms was studied, as well as future trends in worldwide research.
Pedicled perforator flaps for covering the elbow region. A case report
Authors: Dumitrascu Dinu I. , Georgescu Alexandru V.
Published: October 2015

Covering the elbow soft tissue defects is a difficult task for the plastic surgeon. Because of, the important anatomical structures situated superficially and the high tendency for stiffness of the elbow, the reconstructive method must be chosen carefully. Traditionally the free flaps were the choice method  for elbow reconstruction. In our department, we use the perforator pedicled flaps for covering elbow defects, as a viable alternative to the free microsurgical transfer. This paper presents a successful case of covering an elbow soft tissue defect in a male patient. By using a local pedicled flap we replaced “like with like” to obtain a very good cosmetic result. The lack of microsurgical anastomosis allowed an early physical therapy.
Risk Factors for Central Nervous System Tuberculosis
Authors: Duque-Silva Alexandra , Robsky Katherine , Flood Jennifer , Barry Pennan M.
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVES:

To describe the epidemiology and factors associated with pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) in California from 1993 to 2011.

METHODS:

We analyzed California TB registry data for persons aged ≤18 years, comparing CNS TB cases versus non-CNS TB cases reported from 1993 to 2011. Factors associated with CNS TB and TB deaths were identified by using multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS:

A total of 200 CNS TB cases were reported. Compared with non-CNS TB case patients, CNS TB case patients were more likely to be aged <5 years (72.0% vs 43.6%; odds ratio [OR]: 3.8 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4–5.9]), US-born (82.0% vs 58.2%; OR: 3.3 [CI: 2.3–4.7]), and Hispanic (75.0% vs 63.2%; OR: 1.7 [CI: 1.3–2.4]). Among US-born CNS TB case patients (during 2010–2011), 76.5% had a foreign-born parent. Tuberculin skin test results were negative in 38.2% of 170 CNS TB cases tested. In multivariate analysis, age <5 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.3 [CI: 2.0–5.4]), US birth (aOR: 1.8 [CI 1.2–2.7]), and Hispanic ethnicity (aOR: 1.5 [CI: 1.1–2.1]) were associated with an increased risk of developing CNS TB. For deaths, CNS TB (aOR: 3.8 [CI: 1.4–9.9]) and culture positivity (aOR: 6.2 [CI: 2.2–17.3]) were associated with increased risk of death, whereas tuberculin skin test positivity (aOR: 0.1 [CI: 0.04–0.2]) was associated with decreased risk.

CONCLUSIONS:

Subsets of children are at increased risk for CNS TB in California and may benefit from additional prevention efforts.
Case Report: When an Induced Illness Looks Like a Rare Disease
Authors: Rabbone Ivana , Galderisi Alfonso , Tinti Davide , Ignaccolo Maria Giovanna , Barbetti Fabrizio , Cerutti Franco
Published: October 2015

The recognition of fabricated illness (FI) in a child represents a diagnostic challenge. The suspicion of FI often arises from the discrepancy between laboratory tests and clinical history. For instance, (unnecessary) insulin injections by caregivers has been widely described as a common cause of factitious hypoglycemia that may be inferred from discrepancies between plasma insulin and c-peptide. However, contemporary administration of insulin with an insulin secretagogue (glyburide), and of additional drugs, can make the diagnostic pathway problematic. We report the case of a child 4 years and 11 months old, admitted for alternance of hypo- and hyperglycemia associated with hirsutism, hypokalemia, nephrocalcinosis, and neurodevelopmental delay. All these features were compatible with Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome, a rare disorder of severe insulin resistance linked to mutations of insulin receptor. At admission, plasma insulin levels were high during hypoglycemic episodes, but c-peptide was repeatedly in the normal range. The genetic analysis of insulin receptor was negative. The story of previous hospital admissions, inconsistency between insulin and c-peptide values, and association between hypoglycemic episodes in the child with the presence of the mother, raised the suspicion of FI. This hypothesis was confirmed by a video recording that revealed the administration by the mother of multiple drugs (insulin, glyburide, progesterone, and furosemide) that mimicked most of the features of Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome, including hirsutism and hypoglycemia with coincident, inappropriately normal c-peptide values due to the administration of the insulin secretagogue. Our case indicates that inconsistency among consecutive diagnostic tests should be regarded as a clue of FI.
Hospital Use in the Last Year of Life for Children With Life-Threatening Complex Chronic Conditions
Authors: Ananth Prasanna , Melvin Patrice , Feudtner Chris , Wolfe Joanne , Berry Jay G.
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Although many adults experience resource-intensive and costly health care in the last year of life, less is known about these health care experiences in children with life-threatening complex chronic conditions (LT-CCCs). We assessed hospital resource use in children by type and number of LT-CCCs.

METHODS:

A retrospective analysis of 1252 children with LT-CCCs, ages 1 to 18 years, who died in 2012 within 40 US children’s hospitals of the Pediatric Health Information System database. LT-CCCs were identified with International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Using generalized linear models, we assessed hospital admissions, days, costs, and interventions (mechanical ventilation and surgeries) in the last year of life by type and number of LT-CCCs.

RESULTS:

In the last year of life, children with LT-CCCs experienced a median of 2 admissions (interquartile range [IQR] 1–5), 27 hospital days (IQR 7–84), and $142 562 (IQR $45 270–$410 087) in hospital costs. During the terminal admission, 76% (n = 946) were mechanically ventilated; 36% (n = 453) underwent surgery. Hospital use was greatest (P < .001) among children with hematologic/immunologic conditions (99 hospital days [IQR 51–146]; cost = $504 145 [IQR $250 147–$879 331]) and children with ≥3 LT-CCCs (75 hospital days [IQR 28–132]; cost = $341 222 [IQR $146 698–$686 585]).

CONCLUSIONS:

Hospital use for children with LT-CCCs in the last year of life varies significantly across the type and number of conditions. Children with hematologic/immunologic or multiple conditions have the greatest hospital use. This information may be useful for clinicians striving to improve care for children with LT-CCCs nearing the end of life.
Testing for Abuse in Children With Sentinel Injuries
Authors: Lindberg Daniel M. , Beaty Brenda , Juarez-Colunga Elizabeth , Wood Joanne N. , Runyan Desmond K.
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVE:

Child physical abuse is commonly missed, putting abused children at risk for repeated injury and death. Several so-called sentinel injuries have been suggested to be associated with high rates of abuse, and to imply the need for routine testing for other, occult traumatic injuries. Our objective was to determine rates of abuse evaluation and diagnosis among children evaluated at leading children’s hospitals with these putative sentinel injuries.

METHODS:

This is a retrospective secondary analysis of the Pediatric Health Information System database. We identified 30 355 children with putative sentinel injuries. We measured rates of abuse diagnosis and rates of testing commonly used to identify occult injuries.

RESULTS:

Among all visits for children <24 months old to Pediatric Health Information System hospitals, the rate of abuse diagnosis was 0.17%. Rates of abuse diagnosis for children with at least 1 putative sentinel injury ranged from 3.5% for children <12 months old with burns to 56.1% for children <24 months with rib fractures. Rates of skeletal survey and other testing that can identify occult traumatic injury were highly variable between centers and for different injuries.

CONCLUSIONS:

Several putative sentinel injuries are associated with high rates of physical abuse. Among eligible children with rib fracture(s), abdominal trauma, or intracranial hemorrhage, rates of abuse were more than 20%. Future work is warranted to test whether routine testing for abuse in these children can improve early recognition of abuse.
EMBODIED ACAPPELLA
Authors: Rickwood Julie
Published: October 2015

This study of Australian women's acapella music expands upon Gibb and Loader ( 1997), and their specific study of the Bulgarian -influenced music of Sydney's Martenitsa Choir. By contrast, Rickwood identifies the issues implicit in the performance of an eclectic, international repertoire.
FLOWING
Authors: Murphie Andrew
Published: October 2015

Murphie develops elements of Maxwell's discussion of musical flow (1997), expanding his discussion to address problematic aspects of contemporary music theory.
DIABETES MELLITUS — A DANGEROUS TREAT TO THE MANKIND
Authors: Dedov I. I.
Published: October 2015

According to the WHO and the UN definitions, diabetes mellitus is a non-infectious disease that has an epidemic spread rate, this has led to the UN 2006 resolution against diabetes mellitus. A special diabetologic service has been established in Russia which includes Federal and regional diabetes centres, endocrinologic clinics, equipped with modern diagnostic and treatment equipment for diabetes and its vascular complications handling. Planning of diabetologic service functioning is based on State diabetes mellitus register data, according to which nowadays in Russia 3 268 871  patients have been registered. This article contains data from control-and-epidemiological studies from various regions of Russia which have shown real spread of the disease. This article also contains information about innovative technologies of treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications, international and national foreground studies, as well as discussion of diabetologic service development perspectives.
THE PLACE OF VASCULAR SURGERY IN TREATMENT OF DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Pokrovskiy А. V.
Published: October 2015

This article is dedicated to diagnostics, prevention and surgical treatment of vascular complications of diabetes mellitus, particularly prevention of ischemic strokes and treatment of critical ischemia of lower limbs. The main tendency in treatment of brachiocephalic artery lesions nowadays is a surgical intervention in the latent stage of the disease. X-ray endovascular surgical techniques are being increasingly used to treat lesions of lower limbs arteries. Limb preservation is impossible without cooperation of many specialists. It’s essential to perform careful out-patient follow up of the patient after vascular reconstructive surgery.
HYPERGLYCEMIA IMPACT ON ANGIOGENIC PROPERTIES OF ENDOTHELIAL AND PROGENITOR VASCULAR CELLS
Authors: Parfenova Е. V. , Tkachuk V. A.
Published: October 2015

This report contains authors own data about hyperglycemia impact on main functional properties of endothelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells andcirculating progenitor cells, which define their participation in angiogenesis. Obtained data shows that cultivation of endothelial cells in hyperglycemicconditions leads to decrease of their ability for targeted migration and vascular-like structures formation on matrigel, and to suppression of VEGFreceptors expression in these cells. Mesenchymal stem cells cultivated in hyperglycemic conditions have altered expression profile, decreased abilityto stimulate angiogenesis via paracrine activity. Hyperglycemia in CHD patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus type II most probably lead tocirculating bone marrow progenitor cells mobilisation distortion in response to tissue ischemia and damage to the endothelium, that can infringe upontheir participation in endothelium reparation and angio- and vasculogenesis in the ischemic conditions. Found distortions can be used as targets for the treatment aimed at cardiovascular complications prevention in diabetic patients.
TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS, DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY: TRANSPLANTOLOGY POTENTIAL
Authors: Got'e S. V.
Published: October 2015

The review covers the role of transplantology in treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes and the state of its development in the world and in Russia. The results of major multicenter studies, devoted to the influence of simultaneous kidney and pancreas transplantation and kidney transplantation alone on life expectancy and quality of life of diabetic patients are summarized here. Experience in pancreas-kidney transplantation, gained in Academician V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, is described, including surgical technical and postoperative treatment. Also we perform the results of research work, devoted to the influence of pancreas transplantation on different homeostasis parameters, such as: oxidative stress parameters, homocysteine, receptor for advanced glycation endproduct (RAGE), and markers of endocrine function of pancreas transplant.
MOLECULAR GENETICS AND CLINICAL ASPECTS OF MONOGENIC DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Peterkova V. A. , Kuraeva T. L. , Prokof’ev S. A. , Emel'yanov A. O. , Zakharova E. Yu. , Tsygankova P. G. , Grishina D. P.
Published: October 2015

The paper is dedicated to clinical and laboratory aspects of Diabetes Mellitus non-immune forms, such as neonatal Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity Onset Diabetes of young (MODY), DIDMOAD-syndrome, Wolframe syndrome, Alstrom syndrome and its determinating genes. The analysis of proper clinical results are present in this paper.
MODERN APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSTICS AND SURGICAL CORRECTION OF BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERIES DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
Authors: Bokeriya L. A. , Pirtshalaishvili Z. K. , Sigaev I. Yu. , Darvish N. A. , Serguladze T. N.
Published: October 2015

The main causes of morbidity in Russia are ischemic heart and cerebrovascular disease. The mortality rate of these conditions accounts for almost 50% of all the lethality causes of the Russian population. The frequency of associated coronary and brachiocephalic arteries disorders varies from 18 to 54%. The complex evaluation of the anatomical and functional features of the disorder, as well as of the perfusion and functional heart and brain reserves allows to choose the appropriate methods of surgical treatment of patients with associated coronary and carotid disorders and to decrease the risk of intra- and postoperative cerebral and cardiac complications. The modern approaches of myocardium and cerebral revascularization enable to safely and effectively eliminate the myocardial and cerebral ischemia, to significantly decrease the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke development and to ensure the long ability to work among this group of patients. Over 500 patients with ischemic heart disease and associated brachiocephalic arteries disorders have been operated at the A.N. Bakoulev Scientific Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery for the last 5 years. The results of these operations are comparable to the ones of the leading European clinics.
VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION: ROLE OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS IN ARRHYTHMIA DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Vasilets L. M. , Tuev A. V. , Arshin E. V. , Agafonov A. V. , Ratanova E. A. , Krivaya A. A. , Trenogina K. V. , Grigoriadi N. E.
Published: October 2015

Arrhythmogenic role of proinflammatory cytokines is still unclear despite of wide discussion on inflammatory arrhythmogenic mechanisms. The main goal of study was to compare levels of tumor necrosis factor a, interleukin 6 and interleukin 4 in hypertensive patients with and without ventricular rhythm disturbances. The study included 100 cases, 50 of those had ventricular arrhythmias. Levels of tumor necrosis factor a, interleukin 6 and interleukin 4 were studied. Possible connections of above mentioned biomarkers with ventricular arrhythmias, blood pressure, echocardiography left ventricle data were evaluated. Higher level of biomarkers was associated with presence of ventricular arrhythmias; higher rate of ventricular extrasystoles was accompanied with insignificantly lower biomarker level.
CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PARALLELS IN MITRAL VALVE DISORDERS IN INFANTS WITH ATRIOVENTRICULAR DEFECT
Authors: Sukhacheva T. V. , Abduvokhidov B. U. , Lashneva A. S. , Serov R. A. , Kim A. I. , Bokeriya L. A.
Published: October 2015

Mitral valves tissue samplings from children with complete (13 patients) and partial (6 patients) atrioventricular defects at the age of from 1 month to 3 years old were examined.  The biopsy material was received during the repeat surgical operation on mitral valve, performed due to residual mitralvalve regurgitation grade 3-4 at the period of time from 2 days to 1 year after radical defect correction.  On histological examination the areas of myxomatous tissue degeneration occupying more than 50% of mitral valves surface were found in 6 (32%) of the 19 patients. There were dispersed star-shaped cells, architectonics disturbances, deposition of acid mucopolysaccharides and increased contentof matrix metalloproteinase 13 in such areas of myxomatous degeneration. The sizes of these areas correlated with mitral valve regurgitation grade. After the radical correction of atrioventricular defect the sutures on the folds and fibrous ring of the mitral valve “cut through” reliably more often in patients with wider areas of myxomatous degeneration, which indicates poor prognosis.According to the ultrastructural classification the majority of mitral valve cells regarded as fibroblasts; there also were found cells with the signs of myogenic differentiation – myofibroblasts and isolated hystiocytes.  According to the immunohistochemistry assay the cells phenotype regarded asfibroblastic and endothelial differentiation; in some patients there were found cells of smooth muscle origin.
NAD+-CONVERTING ENZYMES IN NEURONAL AND GLIAL CELLS: CD38 AS A NOVEL TARGET FOR NEUROPROTECTION
Authors: Salmina A. B. , Inzhutova A. I. , Morgun A. V. , Okuneva O. S. , Malinovskaya N. A. , Lopatina O. L. , Petrova M. M. , Taranunushenko T. E. , Fursov A. A. , Kuvacheva N. V.
Published: October 2015

The review contains current data on molecular mechanisms which control NAD+ homeostasis in brain cells. It also deals with the role of NAD+-converting enzymes in regulation of functional activity, viability and intercellular communication of neuronal and glial cells. Special attention is paid to involvement of CD38 into regulation of NAD+ levels in brain cells in normal and pathological conditions.
SELECTIVE EFFECTS OF PULMONARY SURFACTANT ON VARIOUS SUBPOPULATIONS OF ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES IN THE MODEL OF EXPERIMENTAL TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Erokhin V. V. , Lepekha L. N. , Erokhina M. V. , Bocharova I. V. , Kurynina A. V. , Onishchenko G. E.
Published: October 2015

Pulmonary surfactant is necessary component for maintenance of high level of phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages. Tuberculosis inflammation reduces the production of surfactant by type II cells and phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages. The effects of exogenous pulmonary surfactant on the ultrastructural changes of various subpopulations of alveolar macrophages were studied by TEM-method. For investigations the bronchial alveolar lavage fluid from guinea pigs infected of M. tuberculosis and treated by isoniazid or isoniazid + exogenous pulmonary surfactant were used. It was shown that isoniazid + exogenous pulmonary surfactant normalizes the heterogeneous population of alveolar macrophages providing stimulating effects on their maturation and phagocytic activity more effectively than isoniazid therapy.
IMPACT OF SUBCLINICAL PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM ON CARDIOVASCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Iskenderov B. G. , Sisina O. N.
Published: October 2015

At 95 patients with essential arterial hypertension features of structural and functional remodeling of left ventricular and humeral artery depending on a level parathyroid hormone in blood are studied. It is shown that while increasing of plasma parathyroid hormone level frequency and expressiveness of left ventricular and humeral artery remodeling increases whereas diastolic function and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation considerably decrease. Subclinical primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with essential arterial hypertension is detected in 22,1% of cases.
EXPERIENCE OF PALIVIZUMAB IN PROPHYLAXIS OF RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRAL INFECTION IN PREMATURE CHILDREN WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA
Authors: Alyamovskaya G. A. , Keshishyan E. S.
Published: October 2015

The data on prophylaxis efficacy of the Palivizumab (synagis) against respiratory syncytial viral infection in premature children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia are shown in the article. No side-effects, good tolerance and decrease of the frequency of bronchopulmonary dysplasia relapses and other viral diseases in whole in such children were registered.
THE MAIN MECHANISMS OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Baranov A. A. , Kuchma V. R. , Skoblina N. A. , Milushkina O. Yu. , Bokareva N. A.
Published: October 2015

In modern social economic and ecologo-hygienic conditions of big cities all age groups of children and adolescents aged 8–15 years present a significant decrease of functional indicators (muscle force of the right hand) in comparison with their peers of 60s and 80s of the XX century. The similar findings occur in other regions and age groups. The analysis of the reasons of this phenomenon is one of key problems for researches.
REGULATORY SCIENCE: MODERN TRENDS IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION FOR PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Beregovykh V. V. , Pyatigorskaya N. V. , Aladysheva Zh. I.
Published: October 2015

This article reviews modern trends in development of new instruments, standards and approaches to drugs safety, efficacy and quality assessment in USA and EU that can be called by unique term — «regulatory science» which is a new concept for Russian Federation. New education programs (curricula) developed by USA and EU universities within last 3 years are reviewed. These programs were designed in order to build workforce capable to utilize science approach for drug regulation. The principal mechanisms for financing research in regulatory science used by Food and Drug Administration are analyzed. There are no such science and relevant researches in Russian Federation despite the high demand as well as needs for the system for higher education and life-long learning education of specialists for regulatory affairs (or compliance).
THE ISSUES OF WORKERS REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROTECTION FROM HARMFUL OCCUPATIONAL END ENVIROMENRAL EXPOSURES
Authors: Izmerov N. F. , Sivochalova O. V. , Fesenko M. A. , Denisov E. I. , Golovaneva G. V.
Published: October 2015

The problem of workers reproductive health protection from harmful occupational and environmental exposures is amongst the national priorities due to demographic situation in Russia and decrease of the manpower. Some issues of women's reproductive health disorders are considered from occupational health standpoint. The demographic and epidemiological data on pregnancy course and outcome, birth defects, children’s morbidity etc. are presented and discussed. Some proposal as to risk management and medical surveillance of reproductive health, including legal instruments are put forward.
VEGF IN NEOPLASTIC ANGIOGENESIS
Authors: Chekhonin V. P. , Shein S. A. , Korchagina A. A. , Gurina O. I.
Published: October 2015

Solid tumor progression largely depends on vascularization and angiogenesis in the malignant tissue. The most prominent among all proangiogenic factors is vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF). VEGF suppression leads to retrogression of neoplastic vessels and tumor growth restriction. Clinical trials of complex antiangiogenic and chemical therapy of different neoplastic tumors have shown promising results. Nowadays bevacizumab is widely used in breast cancer, colorectal cancer and II-IV stage of malignancy gliomas treatment. Unfortunately, in the majority of cases antiangiogenic treatment led not to full recovery, but only to tumor development restriction. Resistance mechanisms include potentiating of alternative proangiogenic signaling pathways and activation of malignant cell invasive population.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SOMATIC MUTATIONS IN K-RAS GENE IN PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors: Amosenko F. A. , Karpov I. V. , Polyakov A. V. , Kovalenko S. P. , Shamanin V. A. , Lyubchenko L. N.
Published: October 2015

Two approaches to somatic point mutations in 12 and 13 codones of K-ras gene were analyzed: PCR/SSCP/AСRS/sequencing and allele-specific PCR in the real-life regimen (Russian set «KRAS-7M»). The comparison was carried out on 62 examples of genomic DNA extracted from frozen colon carcinomas, which underwent manual dissection. The results obtained in two attempts were consistent in 95,2% (N=59). Specificity and sensitivity of K-ras mutations detection using «KRAS-7M» set were 100 and 96,4% respectively, and 94,1 and 100% respectievly using PCR/SSCP/AСRS/ automatic sequencing. False positive results were absent when detecting with «KRAS-7M» and accounted for 2 cases (5,9%) when using PCR/SSCP/ AСRS/automatic sequencing. The only false negative response (3,6%) was obtained analyzing mutations using «KRAS-7M».
OUTBREAK OF ACUTE ENTEROVIRUS INTESTINAL INFECTION IN SAKHALIN REGION IN AUGUST 2010
Authors: Demina A. V. , Ternovoi V. A. , Darizhapov B. B. , Yakubich T. V. , Sementsova S. A. , Demina O. K. , Protopopova E. V. , Loktev V. B. , Agafonov A. P. , Netesov S. V.
Published: October 2015

The investigation of cases of acute intestinal infections in the Sakhalin region of Russia in August, 2010 is described. Epidemiological and molecular biological studies were conducted. After initial PCR screening and determining the nucleotide sequences of the positive samples the following enteroviruses were found: Coxsackie A2 — 42 samples (45%), Coxsackie A4 — 31 sample (34%), Enterovirus 71 — 6 samples (6,5%), Coxsackievirus B5 — 6 samples (6,5%), Coxsackie B3 — 4 samples (4%) and Coxsackie B1 — 4 samples (4%). The phylogenetic analysis of sequences showed that the closest analogues for the nucleotide sequences of these genotypes were previously identified in Japan, Korea and China in 2000–2010.
PROBLEMS IN MEDICAL CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: Maximova T. M. , Lushkina N. P. , Ogryzko E. V.
Published: October 2015

Despite showing that cardiovascular disease mortality in Russia is declining evaluation of medical care for cardiovascular patients, using different information sources, revealed a lot of problems in this field need its solving. Together with modernization of medical services it is urgently necessary to transform the medical education, including post graduate, information support for medical professionals in field of modern medical technologies, using in countries with low mortality rates, creation the conditions for regular updating professional knowledge . It is necessary to reconsider formal criteria for medical care evaluation, especially taking into account co morbidity of cardiovascular diseases. Our data illustrate that social disparities influence on outcomes of diseases and so for further decreasing mortality rates and increasing the life expectancy adequate treatment must be provide for all patients independently of their material wellbeing.
REGIONAL PECULIARITIES IN SEMEN QUALITY AND SERUM HORMONAL CONCENTRATIONS OF CITIZENS FROM EASTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Osadchuk L. V. , Kleshchev M. A. , Gutorova N. V. , Petrova P. G. , Troev I. P. , Ostobunaev V. V. , Osadchuk A. V.
Published: October 2015

The objective of the present study was to evaluate sperm quality and reproductive hormonal level in an unselected population of men who were permanent residents of the Yakutsk city and compare the semen and hormonal parameters with the World Health Organization (WHO, 2001) recommended normal values and the results from other countries. A total of 145 men (mean age 24,1 years) agreed to be included in the study. All the volunteers completed a questionnaire, received a general and reproductive health examination by an andrologist, gave semen and blood samples. We found that the means were 34,69 × 106 spermatozoa/mL for sperm concentration and 39,6% for total motile spermatozoa. Among all volunteers studied 4,3% had azoospermia, 27,0% reported oligozoospermia, 68,1% ― asthenozoospermia. There are no differences between Yakut and Slavs in anthropometric, hormonal or sperm measures, but height and ejaculate volume were higher in Slavs than Yakut men. The data obtained indicated high frequency of suboptimal quality of sperm in males of both nations from this Siberian region in comparison with other Russian regions or European countries.
THE INFLUENCE OF POINT MUTATIONS IN THE EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS LMP1 ONCOGENE ON THE CELL CYTOSKELETON AND ACTIVATION OF INDUCIBLE FORM OF NO SYNTHASE
Authors: Diduk S. V. , Smirnova K. V. , Gurtsevitch V. E.
Published: October 2015

One of the latent proteins encoded by the Epstein−Barr virus (EBV), the latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), plays a key role in developing of EBV-associated human malignancies. Polymorphism of LMP1 protein is its characteristic feature. Some specific mutations in LMP1 genome have previously been detected in different geographic regions, however, the influence of these mutations on functional activity of LMP1 was not still determined. In this study we demonstrated for the first time the significance of individual point mutations among common ones observed in LMP1 and their combination on activation of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In addition, the influence of above mutations localized in the CTAR regions of the LMP1 molecule has also been investigated on structural components of the fibroblasts of the Rat1cell line.
THE USE OF HYDROSOL HEXACIANFERRATE (II) FERRUM (III) FOR DEVELOPING DIAGNOSTIC LATERAL FLOW TESTS
Authors: Skopinskaya S. N. , Yarkov S. P. , Zlobin V. N. , Valiev Kh. Kh.
Published: October 2015

On the basis of synthesized negatively charged hydrosol hexacianferrate (II) ferrum (III) (HCFF) by diameter 10–20 нм are received stable conjugates with antibodies and antigens glycoprotein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) nature. Synthesized hydrosol (HCFF) is new type of a disperse phase in the lateral flow assay. Conjugates mentioned above were applied for construction lateral flow tests-systems for revealing cholera toxin, the rabbit antibodies to recombinant glycoproteine complex from Micobaсterium tuberculosis H37 Rv, human immunoglobulin, LPS antigens S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis. Developed lateral flow tests-systems had high analysis speed (5–7 min), good specificity and sensitivity: on cholera toxin of 2,0 ug / ml, on LPS antigens S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis 0,5 ug / ml.
INTRAHEPATIC INDUCTION OF ENDOGENOUS S-ADENOSYL-L-METHIONINE AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF VARIOUS WAYS OF ADMINISTRATION OF METHIONINE-SUCCINATE COMPLEX AND ITS ROLE IN DRUG-INDUCED LIVER LESION CORRECTION
Authors: Sukhanov D. S. , Petrov A. Yu. , Kovalenko A. L. , Romantsov M. G.
Published: October 2015

A comparative study of the level of endogenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) with other hepatoprotectors in pharmacological correction of liver drug lesion. Among 117 male rats. It has been shown that among antituberculous drugs only Remaxol and Runihol were causing significant increase in endogenic SAM. Taking into account the amelioration of lab results as well as histological condition of the liver against the background of Remaxol treatment as well as positive effect of Runihol treatment upon cholestasis, one can draw a conclusion  upon the importance of succinic acid together with SAM induction as a part of hepatoprotective effect of the drug.  Reamberin, which contains succinic acid without methionine also shows hepatoprotective qualities and doesn’t induce endogenous SAM production. Positive therapeutic effect of exogenous SAM regardless the way of administration doesn’t correlate with endogenous SAM induction, and is associated with the external hepatocyte cell membrane restoration.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF IODINE-125 LABELED ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN IN THE ANIMAL ORGANISM AND ITS ACCUMULATION IN THE TUMOR
Authors: Severin S. E. , Moskaleva E. Yu. , Kulakov V. N. , Severin E. S. , Slobodyanik I. I. , Klimova T. P.
Published: October 2015

The distribution of iodine-125 labeled human alpha-fetoprotein in mice was studied after its intravenous injection. The maximal accumulation of alpha-fetoprotein in different tissues and organs of animals was observed mainly 5 hours after injection. Then the protein was gradually eliminated from the body. In the liver, intestine and blood of intact animals 125I-alpha-fetoprotein persists for at least three days. Accumulation of alpha-fetoprotein in various tissues and organs may determine the different biological effects of this protein. In the mice with transplanted lymphatic leukemia cells P388 the high level of alpha-fetoprotein accumulation was detected in the tumor tissue, reaching 6% of the injected amount per 1 g of tissue. This allows considering the radionuclide-labeled alpha-fetoprotein as a promising medical radionuclide marker for the radiological detection of malignant tumors.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF CELL THERAPY FOR CARDIAC DISEASES
Authors: Gol'dshtein D. V. , Fatkhudinov T. Kh.
Published: October 2015

This article reviews the literatury and own dates of cell therapy for cardiac diseases. The principal unresolved issues were formulated.
INFLUENCE OF REGULATORY T CELLS ON THE FUNCTIONING OF NATURAL KILLER CELLS DURING CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY
Authors: Chikileva I. O. , Shubina I. Zh. , Kiselevskii E. V.
Published: October 2015

One of the common arguments against cancer immunotherapy based on natural killer (NK) cells activated in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2) is the probability of the activation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) by IL-2 besides NK cells. Thus, we have monitored numbers of FoxP3+CD4+CD25+ T cells in the samples of healthy volunteers’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultured with or without IL-2. We observed marked increase in the percentages of the CD4+CD25+ T cells in the presence of IL-2. Proportions of Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ T cells feebly increased, remained on the same level or even decreased compared to PBMCs cultured without exogenous IL-2. Based on the absence of FoxP3 expression, most of the CD4+CD25+ T cells purified from IL-2 activated PBMCs were not Tregs, but activated Th cells. Moreover, the addition of the purified supposed Tregs to samples of activated NK cells never inhibited their cytotoxic reactions.
NOVEL CONCEPTS IN BIOLOGY OF DIFFUSE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM: RESULTS AND FUTURE INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: Yaglov V. V. , Yaglova V. N.
Published: October 2015

Diffuse endocrine system is a largest part of endocrine system of vertebrates. Recend findings showed that DES-cells are not neuroectodermal but have ectodermal, mesodermal, and entodermal ontogeny. The article reviews novel concept of diffuse endocrine system anatomy and physiology, functional role of DES hormones and poorly investigated aspects like DES-cell morphology, hormones secretion in normal and pathologic conditions. Further research of diffuse endocrine system has a great significance for biochemistry, morphology, and clinical medicine.
OXYGEN-TRANSPORT FUNCTION OF BLOOD AT PREGNANT, TRANSFERRED THE AGGRAVATION OF THE HERPESVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Lutsenko M. T. , Andrievskaya I. A. , Ishutina N. A.
Published: October 2015

Factors which may influence on erythrocytes in peripheral blood while exacerbation of herpes infection are studied. The data showed that herpes infection changed quantative spectrum of proteins in erythrocytes. In cellular membranes of erythrocytes lipid peroxidation increases that results in increase of microviscosity of membranes. Disconnection of hemoglobin with 2, 3-DPhG was defined. This results in decreased hemoglobin oxygenation and change of erythrocytes form. The data showed that herpes virus in exacerbation leads to tissue hypoxia in pregnant women.
ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIVESSEL CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: IMMEDIATE AND LONG-TERM RESULTS
Authors: Khairutdinov E. R. , Shugushev Z. Kh. , Maksimkin D. A. , Faibushevich A. G. , Veretnik G. I. , Arablinskii A. V. , Tarichko Yu. V.
Published: October 2015

Immediate and long-term results of endovascular treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease by using different revascularization strategies were analyzed in 171 patients. Duration of follow up ranged from 12 to 18 months. Complete myocardium revascularization was performed in 63 patients, culprit vessel revascularization ― in 86 pts and incomplete revascularization ― in 22 pts. Results of this study showed that strategy of complete and culprit vessel revascularization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease has comparable immediate and long-term results. Strategy of incomplete revascularization reduce immediate clinical success and lead to increased number of myocardial infarctions and needs of coronary artery bypass surgery in long-term follow-up period.
FACTORS OF INTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS IN CARDIOSURGICAL PATIENTS AFTER CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS PROCEDURES
Authors: Chumakova S. P. , Urazova O. I. , Novitskii V. V. , Shipulin V. M. , Mal'tseva I. V. , Khokhlov O. A. , Emel'yanova T. V. , Yurlova O. V.
Published: October 2015

The study included patients with ischemic heart disease with moderate (52 patients) and apparent (23 patients) hemolysis after coronary bypass surgery in cardiopulmonary bypass (CB). The concentration of free hemoglobin in blood plasma, mechanical resistance and sorption capacity of red cells as well as the content of TBA-active products, cholesterol and phospholipids in red cells and reticulocytes levels in blood were studied before and after operation. It was shown that among patients with apparent post-perfusion hemolysis (in contrast to the patients with a moderate hemolysis) the sorption capacity of red cells and amount of reticulocytes in blood are increased before operation; level of TBA-active products in erythrocytes is increasing after operation. Development of moderate hemolysis is associated with the decreased mechanical resistance of erythrocytes and increased cholesterol/phospholipid-ratio in membranes before operation. Thus, individually-specified apparent post-perfusion hemolysis is based on free-radical mechanism of erythrocytes damage and moderate hemoglobin level is referred to mechanical trauma of blood cells during CB.
PRENOSOLOGICAL NEURO-PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Authors: Zorina I. G.
Published: October 2015

Environmental factor is one of the most accurate indicators of determining the health of the population, especially in childhood and adolescence. A significant increase in the amount of data on the status of school health and the environment are the most precise and correct, in view of causation, to evaluate an individual's health at prenosological level in the presence of a specialized database of automated systems. The aim of our study ― the study of fundamental interactions and patterns of environmental factors in general and neuropsychiatric disease in schoolchildren of the city of Chelyabinsk. Revealed that among the multi-pollutant air Chelyabinsk first and second rank positions are occupied by selectively harmful to the central nervous system (lead, arsenic, manganese), or have complex adverse effects on the central nervous system, combined with damaging effects on the respiratory and cardio- vascular, urogenital system and blood forming organs, involving the immune mechanism (chromium compounds, lead, arsenic, carbon monoxide and manganese).
THE ETHIOLOGY STRUCTURE OF COMMUNITY-ACQURIED PNEUMONIA OF YOUNG ADULTS IN CLOSED COMMUNITIES
Authors: Nosach E. S. , Skryl' S. V. , Kulakova N. V. , Martynova A. V.
Published: October 2015

Despite of success in ethiology evaluation of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and instant improvement of diagnostic methods microbiological spectrum of CAP is still remaining underestimated and is still the problem for the routine clinical practice. In our study we estimated the role of fastidious bacteria which cause atypical CAP such as Chlamydophilla pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila. Furthermore we also defined the role of viral pathogens in ethiology of CAP.
POLYMORPHISM OF GENES OF THE SYSTEM OF BIOTRANSFORMATION OF XENOBIOTICS IN PATIENTS WITH OCCUPATIONAL ALLERGIC DERMATOSES
Authors: Izmerov N. F. , Kuz'mina L. P. , Kolyaskina M. M. , Bezrukavnikova L. M. , Lazarashvili N. A. , Petinati Ya. A.
Published: October 2015

Evaluation of genes polymorphic system of xenobiotics biotransformation in patients with оccupational allergodermatoses showed significantly higher percentage of incidence of polymorphic variants of genes CYP 1A1 *2C and EPHX1 AND-415G compared with population control. A combination of 3 or more adverse hetero - and homozygous gene alleles CYP 1A1, CYP3A4, ЕРНХ1 and deletions of genes GSTM1 and GSTT1, is characterized by earlier (with the experience of work in harmful conditions up to 5 years) development, severe and unfavorable prognosis of оccupational pathology of the skin.
THE RELATION OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY AND A DISPERSIVE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM MAPPING INDICATORS IN HUMAN DURING FIXED RATE BREATHING TEST
Authors: Poskotinova L. V. , Zenchenko T. A. , Medvedeva A. A. , Ovsyankina M. A.
Published: October 2015

Association of heart rate variability and dispersive electrocardiogram mapping indicators in women during fixed rate breathing test by the period of 10 s are observed. Disturbance of depolarization processes in auricles that show an increase in dispersive group G1 is associated with expressed vagal reserves deficiency. Intensity of control centralization level by heart rhythm and humoral-metabolic influences both in a background and at active breathing can cause intensifying of high-speed microamplitude characteristics of initial front of ventricles depolarization that reflect an increase of dispersive group G9.
ENDOTHELIAL PROTECTION DRUGS ― A NEW CLASS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS
Authors: Tyurenkov I. N. , Voronkov A. V. , Slietsans A. A. , Volotova E. V.
Published: October 2015

This review considers issues dealing with the role of nitric oxide and endothelial function/dysfunction in providing a number of physiological and pathophysiological processes and various body systems functioning. It also covers in details the possible ways of pharmacological management of endothelial dysfunction (ED) using drugs of different pharmacological groups (classes). Diverse pharmacological effects which have various degree of intensity and presented at various stages of ED pathogenesis are discussed. The value and urgency of search and development of agents with endothelial protection potential are studied in available experimental and clinical works on the considerable role of endothelial system in cardiovascular diseases and lack of specific means for prevention and treatment of endothelial dysfunction. Integrated morphological-functional approach to assessment of ED and endothelial protection of substances was developed and implemented in experimental practice in Cardiovascular Agents Laboratory of the Volgograd State Medical University Research Institute of Pharmacology. Various ED models were tested and most valid ones were selected. Еndothelial protection of new compounds such as Salifen and Flavicin are considered and compared with cardiovascular drugs, antioxidants with metabolic effects, GABA derivatives. These drugs are assumed to belong to a new class of drugs – endothelial protection drugs.
ADVANCE OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS IN NEUROLOGY
Authors: Ginter E. K. , Illarioshkin S. N.
Published: October 2015

Studies of genomic basis of neurological disorders is very actual in view of their high population prevalence, severe course, serious patients’ disability, and progressive mental and physical de-adaptation. In the paper, problems of genetic heterogeneity of hereditary neurological disorders and character of the respective genetic burden in the regions of Russian Federation are discussed in detail, a ‘dynamic’ type of mutations (increase in copy number of microsatellite repeats) attributable to many neurodegenerative diseases is analyzed, and achievements of Russian researchers in the identification of genes for hereditary neurological disorders and in the realization of pilot protocols of gene therapy are presented. Problems related to studies of genetic predisposition to common multifactorial diseases of the nervous system are discussed.