bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovations in water desalination: enhancing air gap membrane distillation performance by the incorporation of clay nanoparticles into PVDF matrix membranes
Authors: Navarro-Tovar Roberto , Gorgojo Patricia , Jobson Megan , Martin Peter , Perez-Page Maria
Published: July 2024

Adding clay nanoparticles into PVDF MMMs enhances MD performance. Higher OMT loadings improve contact angle, LEP, and flux. Long-term operation shows no flux reduction. Humic acid foulant reduces clay membrane flux by 45% vs. 60% for commercial PVDF.
Dye wastewater treatment and membrane fouling in a moving bed-UV-photocatalytically modified membrane bioreactor
Authors: Luo Jing , Liu Tingxi , Chen Weiwei , Dong Caixia , Liu Jianguo
Published: July 2024

A moving bed-UV-photocatalytically modified membrane bioreactor (MB-UVPMBR) system effectively removed organic matter, and the removal efficiency of Lanasol blue 3R (LB) reached 85.1%.
Plant-based edible films and coatings for food-packaging applications: recent advances, applications, and trends
Authors: Gupta Divyanshu , Lall Arshiya , Kumar Sachin , Patil Tejaswini Dhanaji , Gaikwad Kirtiraj K.
Published: July 2024

Recent research has focused on using plant-based polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids to create functional films and coatings with desirable properties.
Spiers Memorial Lecture: Engineering biocatalysts
Authors: Hilvert Donald
Published: July 2024

Enzymes are being engineered to catalyze chemical reactions for many practical applications in chemistry and biotechnology.
Efficient discovery of antibody binding pairs using a photobleaching strategy for bead encoding
Authors: Roth Shira , Ferrante Tom , Walt David R.
Published: July 2024

The paper introduces a photobleaching strategy for producing multiple bead populations on flow cytometry to accelerate and facilitate the discovery of antibody-binding pairs using a pooled antibody cross-testing assay.
Fabrication of composite scaffolds using hydroxyapatite, epoxy resin and silica for load-bearing applications
Authors: Alam Md. Kawcher , Sahadat Hossain Md. , Bahadur Newaz Mohammed , Ahmed Samina
Published: July 2024

Certain percentage of silica addition to the hydroxyapatite-based epoxy resin composites grately increase the (mechanical) properties for biomedical application.
Integrating computational and experimental chemical biology revealed variable anticancer activities of phosphodiesterase isoenzyme 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) in lung cancer
Authors: Bardaweel Sanaa K. , AlOmari Rola , Hajjo Rima
Published: July 2024

PDE5 inhibition might suppress lung cancer cell growth by intertwining with various cancer cell signaling pathways, hinting at novel molecular roles for the PDE5 enzyme.
Integrating amino acids into Bcr-Abl inhibitors: design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and in silico studies
Authors: Liu Yuying , Yang Zeyu , Zhang Jie , Guo Na , Liu Nanxin , Zhang Qingqing , Dang Xintao , Li Yanchen , Zhang Jie , Pan Xiaoyan
Published: July 2024

In continuation of our previous research, a series of novel Bcr-AblT315I inhibitors with tert-leucine or serine as a flexible linker were developed and biological evaluation was performed in vitro.
First principles study on the structural stability, mechanical stability and optoelectronic properties of alkali-based single halide perovskite compounds XMgI3 (X = Li/Na): DFT insight
Authors: Guji Kefyalew Wagari , Geleta Tesfaye Abebe , Bouri Nabil , Ramirez Rivera Victor José
Published: July 2024

Metal-halide perovskites are recognized as cutting-edge solar energy technology, boasting remarkable absorption capabilities, minimal environmental impact, and cost-effectiveness.
An O-vanillin scaffold as a selective chemosensor of PO43− and the application of neural network based soft computing to predict machine learning outcomes
Authors: Mudi Naren , Samanta Shashanka Shekhar , Mandal Sourav , Barman Suraj , Beg Hasibul , Misra Ajay
Published: July 2024

O-Vanillin derived Schiff base 1-[(E)-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) amino]-4-methylthiosemicarbazone (VCOH) has been synthesized for colorimetric and fluorescence chemosensors towards PO43− ions.
Achieving a Cr6+-free Cr3+-activated spinel phosphor by a one-step solid-state reaction
Authors: Zhou Yiqing , Cao Quantian , Han Yue , Qiu Zhongxian , Zhang Jilin , Zhou Wenli , Lian Shixun
Published: July 2024

Co-doping of Bi3+ into the spinel ZnAl2O4 reduces the density of anti-site defects and further inhibits the formation of the Cr(vi) impurity, leading to a Cr6+-free Cr3+-activated ZnAl2O4:Cr3+,Bi3+ phosphor.
FAPbBr3@GA2PbBr4 quantum dots: one step fabrication with improved stability for light-emitting applications
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Zhang Feng , Fan Cuihe , Cao Zhengwei , Hao Yuying
Published: July 2024

We proposed a new type of core–shell FAPbBr3@GA2PbBr4 QDs, which were demonstrated with an enhanced exciton binding energy and improved stability, making them promising candidates in perovskite based light-emitting applications.
Metal-polyphenol nanoshells for enhancing the thermostability of a single viral vaccine
Authors: Liu Qin , Zhao Xia , Lin Yuan , Su Zhaohui
Published: July 2024

A TA-FeIII nanoshell can form in a single viral vaccine within 10 s and drastically enhance the thermostability of the viral vaccine.
A visible-light-induced cascade cyclization strategy for the synthesis of N,S-containing polycyclic compounds
Authors: Yang Shichao , Zhao Ruihua , Liu Dan , Jiang Huanfeng , Cheng Gui-Juan , Wu Wanqing
Published: July 2024

A selective synthesis of nonsymmetrical polyheterocycles via visible-light-induced cyclization of functionalized 1,3-diynes and disulfide has been established.
Bridgehead epoxide iso-euphoranin E from β-caryophyllene oxide via sequential cationic formation and scission of [4.3.2]propellane
Authors: Stakanovs Georgijs , Rasina Dace , Belyakov Sergey , Kinens Artis , Jirgensons Aigars
Published: July 2024

We report the elucidation of a biosynthetic pathway via Gassman's cycloaddition and cationic propellane scission, leading to eventual caryophyllane-type natural products.
Phosphine-catalyzed [4 + 3] and [4 + 4] annulations of β′-acetoxy allenoates with N,N-dinucleophiles: access to 1,3-diazepine and 1,4-diazocine derivatives
Authors: Ni Chunjie , Liang Zhanhang , Xu Xiaojuan , Yu Fan , Zhao Yining , Chen Chen
Published: July 2024

Novel methods for constructing functionalized 1,3-diazepine and 1,4-diazocine derivatives have been disclosed through phosphine-catalyzed [4 + 3] and [4 + 4] annulations of β′-acetoxy allenoates with N,N-dinucleophiles.
Catalytic asymmetric Friedländer condensation to construct cyclobutanone-fused quinolines with a quaternary stereogenic centre
Authors: Wang Li-E. , Zhang Si , Jin Ruo-Shi , Peng Yi-Yuan , Ding Qiu-Ping , Zeng Xing-Ping
Published: July 2024

An enantioselective Friedländer condensation process between 2-aminobenzophenone and prochiral cyclobutane-1,3-dione has been developed to construct cyclobutanone-fused quinolines with quaternary stereogenic centers in up to 98% yield and 94% ee valve.
Stretchable and body-conformable physical sensors for emerging wearable technology
Authors: Lin Yong , Qiu Weijie , Kong Desheng
Published: July 2024

Intimate interfaces can significantly increase the contact areas on textured skin surfaces, thereby enhancing sensing signals. Consequently, it is essential to impart stretchability and body conformability to physical sensors for wearable detection.
Observation of ferroelectric behaviour in non-symmetrical cholesterol-based bent-shaped dimers
Authors: Punjani Vidhika , Mohiuddin Golam , Chakraborty Susanta , Barman Priyanta , Baghla Anshika , Kanakala Madhu Babu , Das Malay Kumar , Yelamaggad Channabasaveshwar , Pal Santanu Kumar
Published: July 2024

Non-symmetrical cholesterol-based dimers have been synthesized showing remarkable ability to stabilize various exotic mesophases and exhibiting ferroelectric behaviour.
Aloe vera mucilage as a sustainable biopolymer flocculant for efficient arsenate anion removal from water
Authors: Venegas-García Deysi J. , Wilson Lee D. , De la Cruz-Guzmán Mayela
Published: July 2024

In recent years, utilization of biopolymers as natural coagulant–flocculant systems has become an area of interest, due to their sustainable nature and potential utility as alternative systems for synthetic flocculants.
A near-infrared fluorescence enhancement strategy of amorphous silicon nanoparticles for night vision imaging and visualizing latent fingerprints
Authors: Zhang Qian , Ge Wanyin , Wang Yunting , Han Di , Yang Maohao , Xie Xin , He Peng , Yin Honglei
Published: July 2024

A broadband near-infrared fluorescence enhancement strategy and night vision imaging and potential fingerprint recognition of amorphous silicon nanoparticles.
Electromagnetic modulation of conductance and susceptance in electrical devices based on silicone oil with polypyrrole–magnetite particle composites
Authors: Bica Ioan , Anitas Eugen Mircea , Sedlacik Michal , Munteanu Andrei , Munteanu Lenka , Chirigiu Larisa Marina Elisabeth , Jurca Marek
Published: July 2024

Electrical conductance and susceptance of electrical devices with composite liquids based on silicone oil and polypyrrole-magnetite particles are finely tuned by varying electric and magnetic fields and adjusting magnetite content.
Enhancing ammonia recovery through pH polarization in bipolar membrane electrodialysis
Authors: Panagoda Sandali , Yuan Pengyi , Pavlovic Vladimir , Barber John , Kim Younggy
Published: July 2024

Ammonia recovery from food waste (including its liquid digestate) is highly emphasized in wastewater treatment and management.
Boosting immunity: synergistic antiviral effects of luteolin, vitamin C, magnesium and zinc against SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro
Authors: Ferreira Juliana C. , Fadl Samar , Cardoso Thyago H.S. , Andrade Bruno Silva , Melo Tarcisio S. , Silva Edson Mario de Andrade , Agarwal Anupriya , Turville Stuart J. , Saksena Nitin K. , Rabeh Wael M.
Published: July 2024

SARS-CoV-2 was first discovered in 2019 and has disseminated throughout the globe to pandemic levels, imposing significant health and economic burdens. Although vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been developed, their long-term efficacy and specificity have not been determined, and antiviral drugs remain necessary. Flavonoids, which are commonly found in plants, fruits, and vegetables and are part of the human diet, have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents due to their antiviral and antimicrobial activities and effects on other biological activities, such as inflammation. The present study uses a combination of biochemical, cellular, molecular dynamics, and molecular docking experiments to provide compelling evidence that the flavonoid luteolin (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one) has antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) that is synergistically enhanced by magnesium, zinc, and vitamin C. The IC50 of luteolin against 2 µM 3CLpro is 78 µM and decreases 10-fold to 7.6 µM in the presence of zinc, magnesium, and vitamin C. Thermodynamic stability analyses revealed that luteolin has minimal effects on the structure of 3CLpro, whereas metal ions and vitamin C significantly alter the thermodynamic stability of the protease. Interactome analysis uncovered potential host-virus interactions and functional clusters associated with luteolin activity, supporting the relevance of this flavone for combating SARS-CoV-2 infection. This comprehensive investigation sheds light on luteolin's therapeutic potential and provides insights into its mechanisms of action against SARS-CoV-2. The novel formulation of luteolin, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin C may be an effective avenue for treating COVID-19 patients.
Exploring the fusion of lattice‐based quantum key distribution for secure Internet of Things communications
Authors: Biswas Sujit , Goswami Rajat S. , Hemant Kumar Reddy K. , Mohanty Sachi Nandan , Ahmed Mohammed Altaf
Published: July 2024

The integration of lattice‐based cryptography principles with Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols is explored to enhance security in the context of Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems. With the advent of quantum computing, traditional cryptographic methods are increasingly susceptible to attacks, necessitating the development of quantum‐resistant approaches. By leveraging the inherent resilience of lattice‐based cryptography, a synergistic fusion with QKD is proposed to establish secure and robust communication channels among IoT devices. Through comprehensive Qiskit simulations and theoretical analysis, the feasibility, security guarantees, and performance implications of this novel hybrid approach are thoroughly investigated. The findings not only demonstrate the efficacy of lattice‐based QKD in mitigating quantum threats, but also highlight its potential to fortify IoT communications against emerging security challenges. Moreover, the authors provide valuable insights into the practical implementation considerations and scalability aspects of this fusion approach. This research contributes to advancing the understanding of quantum‐resistant cryptography for IoT applications and paves the way for further exploration and development in this critical domain.
Particle-in-cell simulations of pulsar magnetospheres: Transition between electrosphere and force-free regimes
Authors: Cruz F. , Grismayer T. , Torres R. , Chen A. Y. , Spitkovsky A. , Fonseca R. A. , Silva L. O.
Published: July 2024

Aims. Global particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of pulsar magnetospheres are performed with volume-, surface-, and pair-production-based plasma injection schemes to systematically investigate the transition between electrosphere and force-free pulsar magnetospheric regimes.

Methods. We present a new extension of the PIC code OSIRIS that can be used to model pulsar magnetospheres with a two-dimensional axisymmetric spherical grid. The subalgorithms of the code and thorough benchmarks are presented in detail, including a new first-order current deposition scheme that conserves charge to machine precision.

Results. We show that all plasma injection schemes produce a range of magnetospheric regimes. Active solutions can be obtained with surface and volume injection schemes when using artificially large plasma-injection rates, and with pair-production-based plasma injection for sufficiently large separation between kinematic and pair-production energy scales.
LYαNNA: A deep learning field-level inference machine for the Lyman-α forest
Authors: Nayak Parth , Walther Michael , Gruen Daniel , Adiraju Sreyas
Published: July 2024

The inference of astrophysical and cosmological properties from the Lyman-α forest conventionally relies on summary statistics of the transmission field that carry useful but limited information. We present a deep learning framework for inference from the Lyman-α forest at the field level. This framework consists of a 1D residual convolutional neural network (ResNet) that extracts spectral features and performs regression on thermal parameters of the intergalactic medium that characterize the power-law temperature-density relation. We trained this supervised machinery using a large set of mock absorption spectra from NYX hydrodynamic simulations at z = 2.2 with a range of thermal parameter combinations (labels). We employed Bayesian optimization to find an optimal set of hyperparameters for our network, and then employed a committee of 20 neural networks for increased statistical robustness of the network inference. In addition to the parameter point predictions, our machine also provides a self-consistent estimate of their covariance matrix with which we constructed a pipeline for inferring the posterior distribution of the parameters. We compared the results of our framework with the traditional summary based approach, namely the power spectrum and the probability density function (PDF) of transmission, in terms of the area of the 68% credibility regions as our figure of merit (FoM). In our study of the information content of perfect (noise- and systematics-free) Lyα forest spectral datasets, we find a significant tightening of the posterior constraints – factors of 10.92 and 3.30 in FoM over the power spectrum only and jointly with PDF, respectively – which is the consequence of recovering the relevant parts of information that are not carried by the classical summary statistics.
The MOPYS project: A survey of 70 planets in search of extended He I and H atmospheres
Authors: Orell-Miquel J. , Murgas F. , Pallé E. , Mallorquín M. , López-Puertas M. , Lampón M. , Sanz-Forcada J. , Nortmann L. , Czesla S. , Nagel E. , Ribas I. , Stangret M. , Livingston J. , Knudstrup E. , Albrecht S. H. , Carleo I. , Caballero J. A. , Dai F. , Esparza-Borges E. , Fukui A. , Heng K. , Henning Th. , Kagetani T. , Lesjak F. , de Leon J. P. , Montes D. , Morello G. , Narita N. , Quirrenbach A. , Amado P. J. , Reiners A. , Schweitzer A. , Vico Linares J. I.
Published: July 2024

During the first billion years of their life, exoplanet atmospheres are modified by different atmospheric escape phenomena that can strongly affect the shape and morphology of the exoplanet itself. These processes can be studied with Lyα, Hα, and/or He I triplet observations. We present high-resolution spectroscopy observations from CARMENES and GIARPS checking for He I and Hα signals in 20 exoplanetary atmospheres: V1298 Tau c, K2-100 b, HD 63433 b, HD 63433 c, HD 73583 b, HD 73583 c, K2-77 b, TOI-2076 b, TOI-2048 b, HD 235088 b, TOI-1807 b, TOI-1136 d, TOI-1268 b, TOI-1683 b, TOI-2018 b, MASCARA-2b, WASP-189 b, TOI-2046 b, TOI-1431 b, and HAT-P-57 b. We report two new high-resolution spectroscopy He I detections for TOI-1268 b and TOI-2018 b, and a Hα detection for TOI-1136 d. Furthermore, we detect hints of He I for HD 63433 b, and Hα for HD 73583 b and c, which need to be confirmed. The aim of the Measuring Out-flows in Planets orbiting Young Stars (MOPYS) project is to understand the evaporating phenomena and test their predictions from the current observations. We compiled a list of 70 exoplanets with He I and/or Hα observations, from this work and the literature, and we considered the He I and Hα results as proxy for atmospheric escape. Our principal results are that 0.1–1 Gyr planets do not exhibit more He I or Hα detections than older planets, and evaporation signals are more frequent for planets orbiting ~1–3 Gyr stars. We provide new constraints to the cosmic shoreline, the empirical division between rocky planets and planets with atmosphere, by using the evaporation detections and we explore the capabilities of a new dimensionless parameter, RHe/RHill, to explain the He I triplet detections. Furthermore, we present a statistically significant upper boundary for the He I triplet detections in the Teq versus ρp parameter space. Planets located above that boundary are unlikely to show He I absorption signals.
Sufficiency of near-surface water ice as a driver of dust activity on comets
Authors: Skorov Yu. V. , Mokhtari O. , Macher W. , Reshetnyk V. , Markkanen J. , Zhao Y. , Thomas N. , Küppers M. , Hartogh P.
Published: July 2024

Context. Nearly all contemporary theoretical research on cometary dust activity relies on models depicting heat transfer and sublimation products within the near-surface porous layer. Gas flow exerts a pressure drag to the crust agglomerates, counteracting weak gravity and the tensile strength of that layer. Our interpretation of data from the Rosetta mission, and our broader comprehension of cometary activity, hinges significantly on the study of this process.

Aims. We investigate the role played by the structure of the near-surface porous layer and its associated resistance to gas flow, tensile strength, pressure distribution, and other characteristics in the scenario of the potential release of dust agglomerates and the resulting dust activity.

Methods. We employ a thermophysical model that factors in the microstructure of this layer and radiative heat conductivity. We consider gas flow in both the Knudsen and transition regimes. To accomplish this, we use methods such as test-particles Monte Carlo, direct-simulation Monte Carlo, and transmission probability. Our study encompasses a broad spectrum of dust-particle sizes.

Results. We evaluated the permeability of a dust layer composed of porous aggregates in the submillimetre and millimetre ranges. We carried out comparisons among various models that describe gas diffusion in a porous dust layer. For both the transition and Knudsen regimes, we obtained pressure profiles within a non-isothermal layer. We discuss how the gaps in our understanding of the structure and composition could impact tensile strength estimates. We demonstrate that for particles in the millimetre range, the lifting force of the sublimation products of water ice is adequate to remove the layer. This scenario remains feasible even for particles on the scale of hundreds of microns. This finding is crucial as the sublimation of water ice continues to be the most probable mechanism for dust removal.

Conclusions. This study partially overturns the previously held, pessimistic view regarding the possibility of dust removal via water sublimation. We demonstrate that a more precise consideration of various physical processes allows elevation of the matter of dust activity to a practical plane, necessitating a fresh quantitative analysis.
Composite Materials in Advancing Electric Aircraft Technologies
Authors: Qi Ji
Published: July 2024

The transition towards electric aviation represents a significant stride in addressing the environmental impact of transportation, particularly concerning gas emissions. With the aviation sector identified as a substantial contributor to carbon emissions, the development of electric aircraft emerges as a crucial innovation towards achieving sustainable air travel. This paper explores the role of composite materials in the advancement of electric aircraft, focusing on their application in airframe construction, electrical systems integration, and the enhancement of propulsion systems. Composite materials, including carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP), aramid fiber composite, and hybrid composites, offer superior strength, reduced weight, and high durability, making them ideal for electric aircraft design. Despite their advantages, challenges such as high manufacturing costs and recycling complexities persist. Through a comprehensive analysis, this study examines the potential of advanced manufacturing techniques and sustainable organic materials in overcoming these hurdles, paving the way for the widespread adoption of electric aircraft. The paper highlights the transformative impact of composite materials on electric aviation, addressing both the performance enhancements they facilitate and the obstacles to their broader application.
Nanostructured Materials for Energy Storage in Future Electric Aircraft
Authors: Xu Suoao
Published: July 2024

As the global imperative for sustainable transportation intensifies, electric aviation emerges as a significant frontier in the quest for greener alternatives to conventional fossil fuel-based systems, among which the photoelectric polymerization solar cells (OPVs) and advancements in energy storage technologies stand at the forefront of transforming the aviation industry. With the advancements in instrumentation technology and quantum mechanics, nanomaterials emerged as a new discipline with numerous applications in energy storage. This paper examines the potential of various nanostructured materials, such as carbon-based materials, metal oxides, conductive polymers, and hybrid nanostructures, in enhancing the energy storage capabilities of electric aircraft. Taking graphene as an example, these materials offer increased surface area, shortened ion and electron transport paths within the electrode material, improved mechanical stability, and enhanced electrical conductivity by leveraging their intrinsic properties. The findings highlight the synergistic effects of combining different nanomaterials, which not only bolster the electrochemical performance of energy storage systems but also pave the way for overcoming the substantial challenges facing electric aviation. Despite the promising advancements, it is acknowledged that there are the existing hurdles in material integration and the broader adoption of these technologies in commercial applications. In summary, this paper presents opportunities for further advancing and developing electric aircraft.
The application of graphene material in the negative electrode of lithium battery
Authors: Shi Zheyuan
Published: July 2024

With the development of science and technology, the massive consumption of traditional fossil fuels not only brings serious environmental pollution but also causes an energy crisis. As an indispensable new energy in today’s world, Lithium batteries have many advantages that other types of batteries do not have, such as high energy density, long life, low self-discharge rate advantages, green and environmental protection, etc., and widely used in various fields, such as automotive, medical, aerospace and so on. However, the drawbacks such as low specific capacity and high side reaction of graphite material in traditional lithium batteries limit the application of lithium batteries. Graphene, as a two-dimensional material composed of carbon atoms in a single layer thickness, possesses the advantages of huge surface area, high strength and hardness, good electrical and thermal conductivity, flexibility, and transparency, and has great potential for application in lithium batteries. In this paper, for graphene as the anode material of lithium batteries, its effects on the performance of lithium batteries, including cycling performance, charge/discharge rate, and energy density, are discussed respectively. In addition, this paper also summarizes the latest progress on the application of graphene anode materials in lithium batteries.
A Remote Sensing Analysis of the Urban Heat Island Effect in Guangzhou City from 2018 to 2023
Authors: Zhao Daoming
Published: July 2024

This study aims to assess the urban heat island (UHI) effect in Guangzhou City using remote sensing technology and to explore its potential impact on urban spatial layout and measures for mitigating the UHI effect. By analyzing Landsat 8 satellite data, this paper focuses on the changes in land surface temperature in Guangzhou from 2018 to 2023, using a weekly scale as the primary time analysis unit. The research method is based on the Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) for the inversion of land surface temperature, utilizing ArcMap software for the related data calculations and processing. The research findings reveal the weekly scale distribution of land surface temperature in Guangzhou City from 2018 to 2023, showing that the UHI effect is mainly concentrated in the southwestern part of the city. In contrast, due to less economic activity, lower population density, and a larger area of green coverage, the northeastern part experiences a relatively weaker UHI effect. The discoveries of this paper provide important references and bases for spatial planning and mitigation of the UHI effect in Guangzhou City and other similar cities, emphasizing the application value of remote sensing technology in the study of urban climate change.
Application of GIS and RS in Petroleum Exploration
Authors: Bao Weixiang
Published: July 2024

As the world’s demand for energy continues to increase, the efficiency and accuracy of exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources have become increasingly important. The development of GIS and RS technologies has provided unprecedented convenience and opportunities for the exploitation of oil and gas resources. GIS and RS technologies have played a revolutionary role in pinpointing potential oil and gas fields, evaluating exploration risks, and monitoring the environmental impacts of exploitation activities. This paper focuses on the application of GIS and RS technologies in the field of oil exploration, focusing on the application of novel data sources such as LiDAR, high-resolution remote sensing imagery, UAV, and satellite remote sensing technologies, and the role of these technologies in assessing the environmental impacts of oil exploitation. This paper concludes that GIS and RS technologies not only enhance the accuracy of oil and gas field detection but also play a non-negligible role in environmental protection. Accurately detecting changes in surface water and groundwater helps to identify and prevent the occurrence of pollution that may be caused by exploration activities at an early stage. The significance of this paper is not only to improve the efficiency and accuracy of oil exploration but also to promote environmental protection and sustainable development.
Research progress on the application of aspirin and its derivatives in the treatment and rehabilitation of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Ning Shuchang
Published: July 2024

This article systematically reviews recent advancements in the use of aspirin for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, highlighting its ongoing exploration of new pharmacological activities. Initially, the review details the pharmacological activities and associated drug toxicities of aspirin, followed by an overview of its clinical applications in recent years. Through methods such as literature review and comparative data analysis, this study evaluates the efficacy and safety of three types of aspirin derivatives: nitric oxide aspirin derivatives, hydrogen sulfide-nitric oxide derivatives, and unsaturated fatty acid aspirin derivatives. The review emphasizes their potential in reducing toxic side effects. Additionally, the latest clinical research is examined to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of these drugs in clinical settings. The article concludes by summarizing the current risks associated with aspirin derivatives in cardiovascular disease research and suggests possible future research directions.
Brain computer interface for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Dai Anqi
Published: July 2024

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology has progressively emerged as an influential instrument for addressing the challenges faced by individuals with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic loateral sclerosis (ALS). This review provides a comprehensive overview of the standard BCI system and its modules, discussing their pivotal role in decoding brain signals for device control or rehabilitation purposes. It also delves into the transformative potential of BCIs in replacing or augmenting compromised CNS functionalities, specifically emphasizing their applications across various neurodegenerative disorders. Research advancements such as the application of BCIs for Alzheimer’s patients using classical conditioning and the development of deep brain stimulation technologies for Parkinson’s disease are explored. Furthermore, the review sheds light on the trajectory of BCI advancements for ALS patients, emphasizing it’s not merely as a tool for restoring lost functions but also as a holistic solution to enhance their overall quality of life. The synthesis of these discussions underscores the transformative role of BCIs in the therapeutic landscape of neurodegenerative disorders and the opportunities it offers for future research and practical applications.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Physical Therapy for Common Diseases Today
Authors: Pan Mingshi
Published: July 2024

With the increase of age, different hormones and metabolic changes in the human body will bring a lot of geriatric diseases, such as Parkinson’s and osteoporosis, and young people will also bring a lot of sports injuries when they exert their vigorous vitality to exercise, these diseases seriously affect people’s quality of life, some of which such as osteoporosis will cause fractures, and fractures in some parts may cause serious problems, and even threaten the life of patients, for the life and quality of life of patients, we should actively play the effect of physical therapy to minimize the damage of the disease. This article compares the effects of physiotherapy on common geriatric diseases and sports injuries, and explores the help of physiotherapy for Parkinson’s, osteoporosis, fractures, and anterior cruciate ligament injury. It proves that physiotherapy is necessary for disease recovery and quality of life, but at the same time, some of the therapies have certain limitations for different physical conditions and different conditions of patients.
Therapeutic approaches for sickle cell disease by targeting BCL11A
Authors: Zhang Qiwen
Published: July 2024

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most serious diseases in the world caused by gene mutat ions. People with SCD have sickle-shaped red blood cells. BCL11A can inhibit the formation of γ-protein which can lead to the reduction of HbF,the reduction of the ability of hemoglobin to carry oxygen. Thus, d ecreasing the quantity of BCL11A can be a potential target to treat SCD.One of the potentially effective tr eatment approaches is to edit BCL11A genes with CRISPR technology.CRISPR is a gene-editing technolo gy,which can precisely and efficiently locate the treatment targets.With CRISPR technology,the gene expr ession of BCL11A can be blocked,and γ-protein can be switched to form more HbF.Hemoglobin levels for transporting oxygen can return to normal.This review introduces and summarizes the mechanisms to treat SCD andtheir limitations.Previous research papers revealed that the treatments of SCD are one-dimension al and these treatments just can inhibit disease.Fundamental problems of SCD remain to be solved.
The therapeutic effect and mechanisms of ABP501, an adalimumab biosimilar, in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Liu Ziming
Published: July 2024

Adalimumab is one of the most widely used antibodies in the world. With the expiration of its patent rights, a large number of drugs with similar biological functions began to emerge. There are already three ADalimumab generic drugs in Europe and/or the United States: ABP501 (AMJEVITA/Solymbic) produced by Amgen, BI695501 (Cyltezo) produced by Boehringer-Ingelheim, and SB5 (Imraldi) produced by Samsung. All three agents meet the predetermined reciprocity criteria. Adalimumab inhibits the biological activity of TNF- α by inhibiting the binding of TNF- α to P55 and p75. The researchers point out that there are small differences in side effects and clinical reactions between reference drugs and similar drugs. In this study, the biological experimental results of RA were analyzed and evaluated. The launch of biological generics of adalizumab will provide us with an exciting opportunity to provide more choices for our patients in RA and other approved drugs. In order to better ensure its correctness and security, it is also necessary to use actual data.
Nutrient composition analysis and practical functional application of Morchella esculenta
Authors: Bi Ran , Li Mingyang , Wu Yuhan
Published: July 2024

Morels ranks first among the world’s four famous bacteria.Morels is a kind of rare edible and medicinal fungi that can be cultivated artificially in recent years. It has a variety of nutrients, has rich cultural deposits and a long history in Europe and China, and has high value in edible and medicinal health care. Morels is widely distributed, the growth environment conditions are harsh, the number is relatively rare, the individual is small, the price is higher, and there is a higher status in fungi, with the shape like the belly named. At present, the development and utilization of morels has not reached to a good level. This paper expounds the nutritional composition, edible value and medicinal value of mochella as a whole to further deepen people’s cognition and understanding of mochella. And summarizes the development status and existing problems of mochella industry, in order to provide more theoretical reference for mochella in medical care and product development.
Effects of sleep deprivation on typical neurotransmitters
Authors: Wang Xuanyi
Published: July 2024

Several evidence suggests that sleep deprivation (SD) leads to significant changes in the function of neurotransmitter receptors in different nerve cell types. So far, research in this area has focused on brain regions that promote wakefulness and sleep and the hippocampus, which is involved in learning and memory. When wakefulness is longer than the natural duration, there are some selective disruptions in the brain’s sensory processing and cognitive performance.The author of this article discusses sleep deprivation and brain self-clearance patterns, and then explores the relationship between three typical neurotransmitters and sleep deprivation, as well as the detection and change trends of neurotransmitters and their metabolites.It can then be used to assist in the early diagnosis of certain diseases.Of the three neurotransmitters, two can be defined as pleasure neurotransmitters and one is associated with the degenerative neurological disease AD(Alzheimer’s disease). The author also found that there are different response patterns between these neurotransmitters and SD.
Progress in the causes of sleep disorders during the early-stage Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Li Yunshi , Li , Zhiran , Wang Yi
Published: July 2024

The most prevalent chronic disease among senior people, and its prevalence rises with age, is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). One study predicts that the prevalence of dementia will triple globally by 2050. Sleep disorder (sleep disturbance) is a condition that also often occurs in the elderly population. More than about 25%~60% of AD patients have sleep disturbances or circadian rhythm changes. But the sleep disorders during the early stage of AD have not been uniformly recognized. Of the stages of AD, those experiencing the early stage have the most patients. Therefore, this paper summarises the conditions and types of sleep disorders in the first stage of AD, and the articles of sleep disorders of that time lesions are retrieved and analysed. This paper also deals with two pathological mechanisms during early AD: beta amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and tau protein entanglement. By describing the effects of two western drugs and a Chinese herbal medicine, this paper shows that sleep disorders in older adults may suggest mild cognitive impairment and that more attention needs to be paid to what current research suggests. Early AD lesions can lead to sleep disorders and the search for more accurate biomarkers will be a major driver in the development of diagnostics that may delay AD onset.
Médecine Manuelle Vétérinaire : intérêt dans le diagnostic des affections de l’appareil locomoteur
Authors: Pallandre Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2024

La Médecine Manuelle Vétérinaire (MMV) apporte un complément aux méthodes diagnostiques classiques des affections de l’appareil locomoteur. Par des mobilisations passives des articulations, l’amplitude et la qualité du mouvement articulaire sont évaluées, permettant de définir des atteintes facettaires, ligamentaires et capsulaires, méniscales et discales, tendineuses et musculaires des articulations, ainsi que des douleurs neurales associées. La précocité des signes révélés par l’examen peut inscrire ces techniques dans une démarche préventive au regard des évolutions morbides que sont les chondropathies, les desmites, les tendinopathies et les neuropathies chroniques. L’examen de l’ensemble de l’appareil locomoteur discrimine les affections focales des manifestations symptomatiques distantes d’une articulation affectée. En général, l’ensemble des atteintes articulaires diagnostiquées chez l’animal explique les troubles locomoteurs observés.
Shuntrevision mit nur partieller Freilegung der Shuntvene
Authors: Krönung Gerhard
Published: July 2024

Mit eingeschränkter Freilegung der Shuntvene nur im Bereich der Hinterwand kann bei geeigneter Anatomie nach einer operativen Revision sofort wieder normal wie bisher über die Vorderwand für die Dialyse punktiert werden und so ein überbrückender Katheter oder eine 2-zeitige chirurgische Vorgehensweise vermieden werden.
Nierenbeteiligung bei thrombotischer Mikroangiopathie
Authors: Seelow Evelyn
Published: July 2024

Der Begriff thrombotische Mikroangiopathie (TMA) fasst eine Gruppe von Krankheiten zusammen, bei denen sich durch unterschiedliche Mechanismen Mikrothromben im Kapillarbett und in den kleinen Gefäßen bilden. Diese lösen eine mechanische Hämolyse mit Anämie und (Verbrauchs-)Thrombopenie aus. Die Mikrozirkulation wird beeinträchtigt und es kommt zu einer Ischämie mit Funktionsstörung der betroffenen Organe, inklusive der Niere. Das zentrale Nervensystem, Herz, Lunge und Gastrointestinaltrakt können ebenso beteiligt sein. Die häufigste TMA im Kindesalter ist das Shiga-Toxin assoziierte hämolytisch-urämische Syndrom (STEC-HUS). Das atypische hämolytisch-urämische Syndrom (aHUS) und die thrombotisch-thrombozytopenische Purpura (TTP) sind in dieser Altersgruppe wesentlich seltener. Bei Erwachsenen treten mit zunehmendem Alter überwiegend sekundäre TMA-Formen auf.
Role of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index as a Predictor of Therapeutic Response to Tadalafil in Patients With Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Caglar Ufuk , Yildiz Oguzhan , Yusuf Resit , Yazili Huseyin Burak , Esmeray Abdullah , Sarilar Omer , Ozgor Faruk
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is an easily calculable indicator of endothelial dysfunction. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the TyG index on treatment response in patients using tadalafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED).

Methods: The data of patients who used tadalafil for ED in our urology clinic between January 2018 and January 2023 were reviewed. The patients completed the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire before treatment and in the 3rd month of treatment. Response to tadalafil treatment was accepted as an increase in IIEF category. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to treatment response. Factors affecting response to treatment were evaluated with a multivariate analysis.

Results: Of the 134 patients included in the study, 99 (73.3%) responded to tadalafil treatment. Mean age and body mass index (BMI) of the patient group responding to treatment were significantly lower than in the untreated group. The rates of diabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were significantly lower in the group responding to treatment. Fasting glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol values were significantly lower in the group responding to treatment than in the treatment-resistant group. The TyG index was 130.0 (102.0–180.0) in the group responding to treatment and 245.0 (182.0–320.0) in the treatment-resistant group (p=0.001). In the multivariate analysis, age, BMI, DM, MetS, and TyG index were affecting treatment response.

Conclusion: A high TyG index negatively affects the response to treatment in patients using tadalafil for ED. In addition, age, BMI, presence of DM and MetS are other factors affecting the response to treatment.
Erfassung existenzieller und spiritueller Bedürfnisse bei Patient*innen in der Palliativsprechstunde mit dem Spiritual Needs Screener – Befunde und Reaktionen des Palliativteams
Authors: Büssing Arndt , Dickmann Anja , Scheer Karin , Tewes Mitra , Büntzel Jens , Rentschler Jochen
Published: July 2024

Ziel Implementierung des Spiritual Needs Screeners in der Palliativsprechstunde. Welche Bedeutung haben die mit dem Screener erhobenen Befunde für das Palliativteam: Wie hat dieses auf die erhobenen Befunde reagiert, und welche zusätzlichen Experten wurden hinzugezogen?

Methoden Querschnittserhebung in 4 Palliativzentren mit 148 Patient*innen (98% Krebs) sowie Fokusgruppengespräche mit den Palliativteams (n=10).

Ergebnisse Bedeutsam waren Bedürfnisse nach innerem Frieden, deutlich weniger existenzielle oder religiöse Bedürfnisse. In 35% wurde eine psychotherapeutische Begleitung angebahnt und in 33% eine psychologische und seelsorgliche Begleitung. Fokusgruppengespräche zeigten sowohl Vorteile als auch Herausforderungen bei der Nutzung des Screeners.

Schlussfolgerungen Der Screener kann für ein wichtiges Thema sensibilisieren und erleichtert die Dokumentation und damit die gezielten Reaktionen des Palliativteams, das bei Bedarf weitere Unterstützung initiieren kann. Um die existenziellen/spirituellen Bedürfnisse und das psychische Befinden der Betreuten zu unterstützen, sollte dieser in die Routineprozesse der palliativen Beratung und Begleitung implementiert werden.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Immunocompromised Patients: A Review
Authors: Bittugondanahalli Prakash Lohith Kumar , Mane Manisha , Sahu Shalini , Vimala Leena Robinson , Jha Pallavi , Rebecca Grace , Manoharan Aishwarya , Irodi Aparna
Published: July 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and in India. Immunocompromised individuals, including those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), cancer, diabetes, or those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, are at a heightened risk of developing TB, often presenting with atypical symptoms, imaging features, and more severe disease outcomes. This review highlights the atypical radiological pattern of TB in these states. It is well recognized that there is considerable overlap of imaging findings across a variety of pulmonary infections and noninfectious processes. The presence or absence of specific indicators and consideration of clinical factors can help narrow the differential diagnoses. Thereby, it is crucial for radiologists to identify the imaging features that not only are characteristic of pulmonary TB but also interpret the atypical findings and corroborate with appropriate clinical history, especially concerning the immune status of the patient, to provide crucial information while minimizing radiation exposure and patient expenditures for the best possible care.
Assessing Cell Viability: Comparative Analysis of Calcium Hydroxide, Triple Antibiotic Paste, and Their Synergistic Impact on human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Authors: Bagio Dini Asrianti , Warganegara Ibramanto , Maharti Ike Dwi , Margono Anggraini , Kusumasari Citra , Alinda Sylva Dinie , Wairooy Valeria Widita
Published: July 2024

Objective The American Association of Endodontists recommends the use of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) or triple antibiotic paste (TAP) as preferred medicaments in regenerative endodontic treatment. Although both medicaments showed an excellent antibacterial property, their impact on the viability of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) when used in combination remains uncertain. Previous studies have indicated that at certain concentrations, both Ca(OH)2 and TAP can be harmful to cells. Therefore, it is aimed to assess the effects of Ca(OH)2, TAP, and their combined application on the viability of hDPSCs in this study.

Materials and Methods Primary cultured hDPSCs, reaching 80% confluency and at passages 3rd to 4th, were subjected to 24-hour starvation. Subsequently, they were cultured in media supplemented with Ca(OH)2, TAP at 0.1 and 1 mg/mL concentrations, and a combination of Ca(OH)2 and TAP at equivalent concentrations, with Dulbecco's modified eagle medium serving as the control group. The viability and morphology of hDPSCs were assessed using both the quantitative 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and qualitative 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining.

Statistical Analysis First, the data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, followed by Bonferroni post hoc to compare between groups. All the tests were conducted at a significance level of 95% (p < 0.05).

Results In this study, a notable variation in hDPSCs viability was observed among all groups, with the lowest viability recorded in the combination of Ca(OH)2 + TAP at 1 mg/mL (p < 0.05).

Conclusion Ca(OH)2, TAP, and their combination are not toxic to hDPSCs and the use of their combination was superior in hDPSCs viability on Ca(OH)2 + TAP in the 0.1 mg/mL group.