bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pertussis in children under the age of 10
Authors: Ristic Mioljub , Radosavljevic Biljana , Petrovic Vladimir
Published: March 2018

Introduction/Objective. Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable disease that causes a large number of cases and hospitalizations worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine predictors of hospitalization in cases of pertussis among children under 10 years of age in the South Backa District of Vojvodina Province, Serbia. Methods. Data for this observational study were obtained from inpatient and outpatient healthcare facilities in the South Backa District from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2016. We evaluated predictors of hospitalization among the patients who fulfilled the criteria of case definitions of pertussis proposed by the Global Pertussis Initiative. Pertussis was confirmed by DNA polymerase chain reaction or ELISA serology tests. Results. Out of 122 laboratory-confirmed pertussis cases, 43 (35.2%) were hospitalized. Apnea and pneumonia were associated with hospitalization, and all six hospitalized patients aged 0?3 months had cyanosis. Apnea was a good predictor of hospitalization among children with any duration of cough (p < 0.05). Among children with a cough that lasted longer than 14 days, post-tussive emesis or pneumonia or contact with a person who had a prolonged cough were associated with hospitalization (p = 0.035, p = 0.042, and p = 0.046, respectively). There were fewer hospitalizations in properly vaccinated cases than in partly or non-vaccinated cases between two months and four years of age (p < 0.008). Conclusions. Among the pertussis cases under 10 years of age, apnea, pneumonia, and cyanosis were factors associated with hospitalization. Immunization against pertussis corresponding to age reduces the disease severity and hospitalizations in children from two months to four years of age.
História da Literatura Infantil e Juvenil Galega
Authors: Oliveira Karina De
Published: March 2018

Trata-se de uma resenha do livro História da Literatura Infantil e Juvenil Galega, trabalho organizado pela professora Blanca-Ana Roig Rechou.
Muistisairaan ihmisen mielen hyvinvoinnin edellytykset - miten turvata oikeus niiden toteutumiseen?
Authors: Heimonen Sirkkaliisa , Mäki-Petäjä-Leinonen Anna
Published: March 2018

Muistisairaus vaikuttaa sitä sairastavan ihmisen ja hänen läheistensä hyvinvointiin ja elämänlaatuun. Kognitiivisten kykyjen heikentyminen ja sosiaalisissa suhteissa tapahtuvat muutokset aiheuttavat haavoittuvuutta. Yksilöllisen tuen, laadukkaiden palvelujen ja hyvän hoivan perustana on haavoittuvuuden ymmärtäminen ja kohtaaminen. Muistisairautta sairastavan ihmisen mielen hyvinvoinnin vahvistamisen tulee olla tavoitteena tuen, palvelujen ja hoivan käytännöissä. Ammattihenkilöstöllä on keskeinen rooli mielen hyvinvoinnin edellytysten tunnistamisessa sekä niiden toteutumisessa. Tarkastelemme tässä artikkelissa muistisairaan ihmisen mielen hyvinvointia ja sen edellytysten turvaamista psykologisesta, eettisestä ja oikeudellisesta näkökulmasta. Nostamme esiin neuvonnan ja ohjauksen keskeisenä tukimuotona ja kuntoutukseen kuuluvana keinona ja pohdimme sen keskeistä merkitystä muistisairaan ihmisen mielen hyvinvoinnin vahvistamisessa.

The preconditions of psychological wellbeing in persons with dementia - How to secure the right of their implementation?

Memory illnesses affect the wellbeing and quality of life of the afflicted persons and their significant others. The deterioration of cognitive capacities and changes in social relationships are a cause for vulnerability. Understanding and encountering vulnerability form the basis of individual support and high quality services and care. The promotion of the psychological wellbeing of persons with dementia should be the focus in the practice of care, support and services. The professionals have a key role in the recognition and implementation of the preconditions of psychological wellbeing. In this article we investigate the psychological wellbeing of persons with dementia from psychological, ethical and judicial perspectives. We present guidance and counselling as key means of support and rehabilitation. We also observe the significance of counselling for the promotion of psychological wellbeing of persons with dementia.
LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT AS A FACTOR INCREASING COMPETITIVE POSITIONS OF SHIPBUILDING ENTERPRISES ENTERING THE SHIPBUILDING CLUSTER OF THE ASTRAKHAN REGION
Authors: Dubinina Nataliya Aleksandrovna
Published: March 2018

In view of the Caspian offshore development there appeared the problem to find an optimal method of conveying hydrocarbons from the extraction site to the main warehousing and transit hubs. The article shows the advantages of the Astrakhan region in transporting complex constructions for regular provision of oil and gas fields compared to possibilities of shipbuilding industries of other Caspian states: technologically, oil rigs can be delivered as soon as possible to any location in the Caspian sea shelf at little cost. Yet, current state of the water transport complex, and, primarily, transportation and logistics infrastructure in the Astrakhan Region without further improvement of objectives and rates of modernization, without proper maintenance of logistic and manufacturing processes can become a limiting factor for the social and economic development of the region, the Southern Federal District and the state, as a whole. It should be noted that implementing major investment projects on the development of abundant oil deposits by "LUKOIL" JSC in the Caspian Sea, and progressing of transmodal conveyance in the transport corridor "North-South" can become possible only if Volga-Caspian Sea Canal is effectively functioning. The article studies measures to cope with logistic limitations, comprehensive implementation of which will help to consolidate the position of the Astrakhan Region as a transport and logistic cluster in the Caspian Sea.
RESEARCH OF PROCESSES OF PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION BY MOTOR TRANSPORT
Authors: Dzhahyaeva Svetlana Borisovna , Nurgaliev Esbol Ruslanovich , Turpishcheva Marina Semenovna
Published: March 2018

The article considers the conditions of passenger transportation by motor vehicles. It has been stated, that the problems of regulating passenger traffic in the Astrakhan region, and primarily in the regional centre, the city of Astrakhan, do not differ in transport organization from municipalities of the similar level (in particular, current state of transport infrastructure in the Astrakhan Regionis characterized by incompleteness and lack of clear strategy of developing transport systems of different levels and municipal entities). The article defines a number of factors affecting road transport network in Astrakhan and, consequently, urban passenger traffic. The authors study the possibility to use a system approach to solving logistics problems of passenger transportation by motor transport, which is based on traffic flow modelling. It has been stated that urban traffic management should be taken as a continuous process that consists of a number of stages: forecasting, planning, designing and building, i. e. is a complex task which can be solved using a system approach. There have been studied several mathematical models (determinate, probabilistic, direct-analogy models), which allow modelling the municipal transport system. The authors underline that modelling municipal passenger transport system requires both analytical and probabilistic approaches: the former helps to get best results in terms of the decision evaluation method; the latter - to account a portion of uncertainty, which stipulates the cjoice of most acceptable plans.
APPLICATION OF LI-FI TECHNOLOGY TO A DRILLING RIG
Authors: Sokolov Alexey Sergeevich , Golovko Sergey Vladimirovich , Romanenko Nikolay Gennadievich
Published: March 2018

The article considers possibility of information transmission by means of a light flux from a conventional led lamp using Li-Fi technology. This technology is used to unload radio wave radiation, the abundance of which adversely affects the drilling process. Though Li-Fi technology is a super-fast way of data transfer, its application has many nuances that must be considered before using. The positive side of Li-Fi comprises data security, selective coverage of the data transmission area, convenient use during maintenance and repair of electrical equipment, possibility to receive and transmit information in different places. In the context of the study there has been carried out a comparative analysis of efficiency of Wi-Fi and Li-Fi technologies. Possibilities of using modern electronics as a receiver and a transmitter of information with the help of Li-Fi technology are being determined.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN MUSCLES OF HYDROBIONES OF THE SHEREPOK RIVER (VIETNAM)
Authors: Zolotokopova Svetlana Vasilievna , Ngo The Cuong  , Tran Hoan Quoc
Published: March 2018

The paper presents analysis of heavy metals concentration in the muscles of hydrobionts in the Sherepok River. In particular, there was studied the content of zinc, copper, iron, cadmium, lead, arsenic in the muscles of hemibagrus ( Hemibagrus wyckioides ) , carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) and tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ), river crab ( Somannia thelphusa sinensis ) and river snail ( Pomacea canaliculata ), which were caught in the river segments with different degrees of heavy metal contamination. Concentration of heavy metals in muscles of hydrobionts was tested in four river segments: upper the border of the industrial zone, within the borders of industrial zone Khoa Fu, lower the border of industrial zone Tam Thang, and in the reservoir zone Sherepok 3. It has been found that in all segments of the Sherepok river, regardless of the degree of contamination, most zinc concentration was encountered in the body of the river snail, lead - in the muscles of hemibagrus. Copper and cadmium are most abundant in the body of the river snail in all the research areas, except for the reservoir zone Sherepok 3, where the largest amount of these metals was registered in the muscles of carp. Arsenic accumulates in the largest amount in the muscles of hemibagrus, although in the zone of the greatest pollution of the river (within the boundaries of the industrial region), its muscles contain the least amount of arsenic, compared to other hydrobionts under study.
ANALYSIS OF SOME MORPHOMETRIC AND BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF ROACH RUTILUS RUTILUS (LINNAEUS, 1758)
Authors: Volosnikov Gleb Igorevich , Liberman Elizaveta L'vovna
Published: March 2018

The common roach is a widespread and semi-anadromous fish inhabiting the waters of Europe, Siberia, the Aral Sea basin. Control catches contained roach with a commercial length 12.6-32.6 cm, with a total mass of 41-543 g, age varying within 1+ - 6+. Juvenile stage individuals made - 5.7%, females - 68.6%, males - 25.7%. The annual gain at the age 1+ - 2+ made 3.8 cm, from 2+ to 3+ = 0.6 cm, from 3+ to 4+ = 2.3 cm, from 4+ to 5+ = 2.5 cm, 5+ - 6+ = 2.3 cm. The rate of linear gain decreases from 2+ and equals 3.2%, from 3+ to 4+ = 11.8%, from 4+ to 5+ = 11.5%, from 5+ to 6 + = 9.5%. The annual gain in body weight of species aged from 1+ to 2+ was 50.8 g, from 3+ was 24.8 g, from 4+ = 79.5 g, from 5+ and 6 + = 112.2 and 23.3 g, respectively. From 2+ to 3+ the weight gain is 17.3%, compared to individuals from 1+ to 2+ (85.1%). In the age categories from 3+ to 4+ and 4+ to 5 +, the weight gain was 47.2% and 45.3%, from 5+ to 6+ = 6.5%. In this study, the roach was prevalent in the II and V stages of gonad maturity. Individuals with I and II degrees of fat content were found in all age groups. The study of roach muscles using the compression method revealed the invasion by Opisthorchis felineus (Rivolta, 1884) and Metorchis bilis (Braun, 1790). Invasion extensiveness of O pisthorchis felineus was 28.6%, of Metorchis bilis - 5.7%, combined infestation with two parasites - 2.8%. Invasion activity in opisthorchis was 15.1 specimens, in metorchis - 5.3 specimens, copiousness index made 4.7 and 0.5 copies, respectively.
CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF THE CASPIAN SPRAT FISHERIES
Authors: Pomogaeva Tatiana Vasilievna , Aseinova Aliya Ahmetovna , Paritskiy Yuriy Aleksandrovich , Razinkov Vjacheslav Petrovich
Published: March 2018

The article presents annual statistical data of the Caspian Research Institute of Fishery. There has been kept track of the long term dynamics of the stocks of three species of Caspian sprat (anchovy, big-eyed kilka, sprat) and investigated a process of substituting a food item of sprats Eurytemora grimmi to a small-celled copepod species Acartia tonsa Dana. According to the research results, there has been determined growth potential of stocks of each species. Ctenophoran-Mnemiopsis has an adverse effect on sprat population by eating fish eggs and larvae. Ctenophoram - Mnemiopsis is a nutritional competitor to the full-grown fishes. The article gives recommendations on reclamation of stocks of the most perspective species - common sprat, whose biological characteristics helped not to suffer during Ctenophoram outburst and to increase its population during change of the main food item. Hydroacoustic survey data prove the intensive growth of common sprat biomass in the north-west part of the Middle Caspian. According to the results of the research it may be concluded that to realize the volumes of recommended sprat catch it is necessary to organize the marine fishery of common sprat at the Russian Middle Caspian shelf.
TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE IN EMBRYOGENESIS ON FISH-BREEDING PARAMETERS OF BESTER HYBRID JUVENILES
Authors: Zuevskiy Sergey Evgenievich , Filippova Olga Pavlovna , Sukhover Kira Vladimirovna , Safronov Alexander Stanislavovich
Published: March 2018

The article focuses on the influence of different temperature parameters during incubation of bester hybrid Acipenser ruthenus (Linnaeus, 1758) × ( Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758) × × Acipenser ruthenus (Linnaeus, 1758)) of the Aksay breed of the fourth generation (F4) on the abnormalities in embryogenesis and on the rate of growth and survival of the hybrid juveniles in recirculating aquaculture systems. As a result of experimental work, it has been proved that the optimum incubation temperature for bester roe is 16°C, and the fastest rate of weight growth is observed in bester juveniles bred from eggs incubated at a water temperature 18-20°C. A distinctive feature of the incubation of eggs at 18-20°C is elimination of a large number of fertilized eggs (25%) even at the early stages of development. Also, at lower water temperature (8 and 12°C), the highest percentage of embryo anomalies at the hatching stage has been observed. The lowest survival rate had juveniles from eggs, incubation of which took place at a temperature of 8°C (14-32%). The highest survival rate from one-day prelarva to fry with average weight of 1 g was observed in bester species grown from eggs which were incubated at a temperature of 12-13°C (38-90%). It is shown that the temperature difference of 1-2°C during cultivation affects juveniles' weight. Data are given on the effect of growing density on the survival rates and weight of juveniles. The stocking density of bester at the stage of larvae that switched to active feeding to the juvenile with a mass of 1 g should not exceed 2-3 kg/m3 in order to guarantee optimal growth rates, survival rate, and to maximize the use of tanks volumes. It has been stated that the lower the temperature of water during the incubation of eggs, the slower the fish grows in the future. However, this effect is leveled in species by the age of 250-300 days, if the optimal growing densities are non-compliance.
Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Eklektik dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Indonesia dengan Kovarian Kognisi di Sekolah Inklusif
Authors: -- Gunarhadi
Published: March 2018

This research aims to know the impact of eclectic teaching model, measure the extent of eclectic teaching model on the learning achievement, and measure the role of cognition in facilitating the learning achievement of Bahasa Indonesia. This research was conducted to a group of students in 75 inclusive elementary schools in Boyolali assigned in cluster random sampling. Quasi experiment was applied for 68 sixth graders representing both experiment and control groups. The data was analyzed by means of ANCOVA as to compare the learning achievement before and after treatment, between bothÂ experiment and control groups as controlled by cognition. The research come to conclusion that: eclectic teaching model gave significant impact of the student learning achievement, eclecti teaching model was more effective than conventional teaching method, the cognition turned to take role to the improvement of the student learning achievement.Â ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya dampak model pembelajaran Eklektik terhadap prestasi belajar, mengetahui seberapa besar dampak model pembelajaran Eklektik terhadap prestasi belajar, dan mengetahui peran kognisi dalam mempengaruhi perubahan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian dilaksanakan terhadap sampel yang diambil secara acak melalui cluster random sampling dari sejumlah 75 Sekolah Dasar penyelenggara pendidikan inklusi di Kabupaten Boyolali. Metode penelitian ini adalah experimen tidak penuh (quasi experiment) dengan menggunakan 68 siswa kelas VI SD yang dibagi menjadi kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Data peneltian dianalisis melalui ANAKOVA dengan cara membandingkan hasil belajar sebelum dan setelah perlakuan dan membandingkan hasil belajar kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok ontrol dengan mempertimbangkan pengaruh kognisi. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa: model pembelajaran eklektik memberikan pengaruh signifikan pada prestasi belajar siswa, model pembelajaran eklektik lebih effektif dibanding dengan metode tradisional, peningkatan hasil belajar siswa juga dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan kognisi siswa.
Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Komik Untuk Mencapai Ranah Afektif Pada Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Bagi Anak Berkesulitan Belajar
Authors: Wahyudi Ari
Published: March 2018

The research target was to create a learning innovation through comic package in the form of civilization education which was packed by simply story and interesting picture from the daily life of children. By using developing research and collecting data technique such as observation, interview, and test it was resulted as the following: a) the first year resulted prototype learning base-comic to civilization education, and b) the second year resulted effectiveness test of attaining affective domain in learning civilization education by applying learning model base-comic for difficulty learning children who was very significant in Sidoarjo District, Mojokerto District and Surabaya city. The end of this result is comic book for third, the fourth, and fifth classes which had got ISBN.Â ABSTRAKTarget peneliti ini adalah menciptakan terobosan belajar melalui paket komik berupa materi Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan yang dikemas dengan cerita sederhana dan gambar yang menarik dari kondisi kehidupan nyata sehari-hari anak. Dengan desain penelitian pengembangan dan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan tes dihasilkan penelitian sebagai berikut: a) tahun pertama menghasilkan prototipe pembelajaran berbasis komik pada pendidikan kewarganegaraan, dan b) tahun kedua menghasilkan uji efektivitas pencapaian ranah afektif dalam pembelajaran pendidikan kewarganegaraan dengan penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis komik pada anak berkesulitan belajar yang sangat signifikan di kabupaten Sidoarjo, kabupaten Mojokerto dan kota Surabaya. Hasil akhir penelitian ini adalah buku komik belajar untuk kelas 3, kelas 4 dan kelas 5 yang telah mendapatkan pengesahan berupa ISBN.
Modelo constitutivo MCC Hiperplástico com dano acoplado aplicado a solos estruturados
Authors: Francisco Küster Puppi Rogério , Ballin Hecke Mildred , Romanel Celso
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho apresenta um modelo constitutivo elasto-plástico com dano acoplado derivado a partir da definição de potenciais termodinâmicos aplicado à modelagem do comportamento tensão-deformação-resistência de solos estruturados. O modelo pertence à família dos modelos Cam-Clays Modificados e emprega variáveis internas de plasticidade e dano na sua formulação. O trabalho apresenta simulações de ensaios triaxiais e oedométricos em solos. A incorporação do efeito de dano permite a representação dos efeitos de destruição da estrutura dos solos.
A New Method of Assessing the Effects of a Service-Learning Class on Engineering Undergraduate Students
Authors: Maloney Patricia , Dent Lauren , Karp Tanja
Published: March 2018

Increases in engineering service learning courses and enrolled undergraduates necessitate further research and recommendations concerning the assessment of student learning and growth. Assessment of such growth may be difficult in service learning courses because of the types of skills it fosters: interpersonal skills, critical thinking, and other professional skills not easily tested for in a classroom. Some previous attempts at assessment were predominantly standards-based and designed to measure what researchers thought students should gain from the course, rather than being based in what students thought. In this paper, we first ask students what skills they learned in service learning, determine their thoughts about the usefulness of different kinds of assessment, and then use their words to construct a naturalistic assessment that can serve as a pre- and post-test to measure growth in engineering service learning courses. The data come from 96 students and three semesters of a service learning section of a large Introduction to Engineering course at a large state university. Overall, we conclude that students perceive that they have grown at statistically significant levels in communication skills, teamwork, leadership, time management, and other engineering skills noted below. We argue that student perceptions of growth matter for their persistence in engineering and resilience after professional or academic setbacks.
Letter from the Editor
Authors: Colledge Thomas
Published: March 2018

The editors of the International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering, Humanitarian Engineering and Social Entrepreneurship (IJSLE) are pleased to publish this, our first special edition of the Journal, entitled “Opportunities and Barriers to Integrating Service Learning into Engineering Education”.   The editors solicited scholarly manuscripts that would explore three areas related to service learning in engineering, humanitarian engineering, and/or social entrepreneurship - both domestically and internationally.  These three areas included: 1.    Assessment of Service Learning in Engineering 2.    Scholarship of Service Learning in Engineering 3.    Interdisciplinary Engagement
TACs, ARCs and Project Process at EWB-USA
Authors: Sacco David , Knight Joshua
Published: March 2018

Engineers Without Borders USA has been operating and evolving since 2002. As an organization with many student and professional chapters working around the world, EWB-USA has put in place structures to review proposed community programs as well as specific engineering projects. The Application Review Committee, or ARC, considers new program proposals put forward by communities, while Technical Advisory Committees, or TACs, evaluate implementation plans for infrastructure projects. ARC and TAC members are volunteers with relevant technical knowledge and experience, many of whom are also EWB-USA chapter members. EWB-USA technical and chapter relations staff review progress at key points in the project cycle; however, this paper reviews the mainly volunteer efforts at two important moments in the project process.
Service-Learning in Biomedical Engineering: Engineering World Health (EWH)
Authors: Malkin Robert , Calman Leslie J.
Published: March 2018

Two engineering professors founded Engineering World Health (EWH) in 2001 with the initial goal of sending refurbished medical equipment to hospitals in the developing world. That mission quickly changed to a more sustainable, student-driven model where students spend nine weeks in a Tanzania, Nicaragua or Rwanda. Despite the linguistic, technical and cultural challenges, students are very successful. For example, in 2013 alone, they worked on 602 pieces of non-functioning hospital medical equipment and were able to place 73% of it back into service. The creation of university-based chapters as an integral part of the summer program has allowed EWH to expand the impact of the program on both the hospitals and the students themselves. An essential element in the continued success and growth of the summer institute has been a rigorous admissions process.
SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Humanitarian Engineering: Small Scale College Components and Analysis
Authors: Decker Thomas , Endreny Theodore
Published: March 2018

The State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF) enrolls approximately 1900 bachelor students and 600 master’s and PhD students focusing on the science and engineering of environmental sustainability. To satisfy student and employer interests in sustainable international development, ESF has developed a humanitarian engineering program. The program includes theoretical and field based course work, trips abroad, student organizations, and the establishment of the National Academy of Engineering Grand Challenges Scholar’s Program (NAE GCSP). This manuscript describes the history, components, challenges, best practices, lessons learned, case studies, and outcomes of ESF’s small-scale yet successful humanitarian engineering program.
Villanova Engineering Service Learning
Authors: Ermilio Jordan , Clayton Garrett , Kabalan Mahmoud
Published: March 2018

The College of Engineering at Villanova University has a long history of providing technical services to support humanitarian initiatives. For over twenty years, engineering faculty and students have been participating in engineering outreach activities, which are commonly referred to as Engineering Service Learning. In 1991, a small group of engineering students and faculty traveled to work with the Cheypo-Bayano Mission in Panama. Students who graduate were excited to return to Panama to see their projects through to completion, which included a large water supply distribution system and a bridge for a small remote community in the region. At that time, the concept of service-learning did not exist, but due to the Augustinian Heritage at Villanova University, these types of activities have been strongly encouraged. In fact, the idea of ministry has been a strategic part of the university’ mission since 1979, and at the present time, there are an estimated 800 students and advisors who travel annually to over 40 locations globally (including the US) to volunteer on service projects. These projects include engineering and non-engineering activities, but the success of the engineering service learning program has been significantly influenced by the culture of service that exists at Villanova University and the Augustinian values which are routed in service to society.
Hosting a Pipeline of K-12 Robotics Competitions at a College of Engineering – A Review of Benefits and Challenges
Authors: Karp Tanja , Gale Richard , Tan Mangnan , Burnham Greg
Published: March 2018

This paper describes a pipeline of K-12 robotics challenges, which not only excites and engages elementary through high school students but also provides valuable educational experiences to engineering undergraduate and graduate students from Texas Tech University through formal class work, volunteer opportunities, and engagement in student organizations. It describes the benefits of the robotics programs seen by the participants, school teachers, undergraduate and graduate students, and university faculty as well as struggles and pitfalls experienced.
Case Studies from a Community-Focused Engineering Program with Projects in Haiti and Nicaragua
Authors: Glade Sara , Karter Cara , Pagilla Krishna
Published: March 2018

Engineers Without Borders - USA at the Illinois Institute of Technology is an extracurricular, student-led engineering program that has conducted service-oriented engineering development projects in Haiti and Nicaragua that strive to meet the basic infrastructure needs of our partner communities. Projects have ranged from water-distribution, solar electrification, and small and large-scale structures. By participating in the program, students gain real-world experience applying technical skills to a project as well as significant leadership and project management experience. They also gain insights into cultural communication and grow a passion for service learning. The purpose of this paper is to share the challenges we have faced as well as our best practices and governance structure in order to allow other programs to learn from our experience developing relationships with our university, engaging with multiple international partners, and involving a variety of disciplines and skill-levels in our program.
Engineering and Engaged Scholarship at Penn State Part II: The Existing Ecosystem
Authors: Colledge Thomas H
Published: March 2018

The objective of engineering education is to educate students who are ‘ready to engineer’.  This implies that students should be broadly prepared with not only deep knowledge and understanding of the technical fundamentals, but also the pre-professional skills required to be successful in the engineering workplace of today and tomorrow1.  Part I of this paper includes a brief rationale and need for ‘Engaged Scholarship’ and the inherent need for a robust ecosystem to support it.  Part II details the existing curricular, co-curricular, and extra-curricular efforts which form the core for the engaged scholarship ecosystem in the College of Engineering at the Pennsylvania State University.  Curricular, co-curricular and extra-curricular opportunities for students are detailed.   Part III provides an overview of how this assortment of minors, certificates, programs, courses, and student organizations is being integrated and institutionalized into a strategic mission for the University.
Labor Hiring Practices and Produce Supply Chains in Rural Kenya: the Case for WishVast Networking
Authors: Garguilo Stephen , Prindible Matt , Syata Andrew Okello , Mehta Khanjan
Published: March 2018

Currently, the ability for individuals in rural communities such as western Kenya to connect and access the resources they need in order to improve their economic and/or social situation is largely limited to the size of their social network. Due to the importance of trust to this society, it can be very difficult to increase the size of one’s network for making transactions and doing business. This paper describes several possible applications of a working concept called WishVast that will help people expand their social networks, explore more opportunities, and share more information. WishVast is a social networking platform that leverages the power of cellphones and SMS messaging for the goals of helping individuals to increase social capital and build trust, ultimately helping to alleviate poverty. Cellphones are an appropriate technology because of the rapid rate of adoption and widespread availability of handsets and service throughout Kenya. The applications outlined are the labor hiring process and produce supply chain integration and how WishVast can promote inclusion and reduce inefficiencies. The information presented is the result of a semester-long project and three weeks of travel to Nyeri, Kenya.
Service learning in sustainable lighting: a field study engaging populations high in rural Native Americans
Authors: Stall-Meadows Celia , Hebert Paulette , Chaney Sylvia
Published: March 2018

Abstract- Service learning and sustainable lighting education prepare students for the future and involve them in rural United States communities with high Native American populations. As part of a research grant, faculty developed a service learning curriculum. It taught students how to measure and document existing lighting conditions, including ultraviolet light levels in state-owned historic homes filled with museum artifacts. Students worked under the supervision of museum staff. Students also provided sustainable lighting education to local consumers who were residents of lower income communities. Although study participants consistently ranked incandescent light highest in positive lighting attributes, compact fluorescent light ranked a close second. Student demonstrations of sustainable lighting were integral to consumer education and as a result of these student-led educational sessions, more participants agreed to consider purchasing compact fluorescent lights instead of incandescent bulbs. Thousands of consumers beyond the study participants were reached through exposure at the Environmental Protection Agency National Student Design Expo and a permanently-linked video documentary of the research process.
Analyzing Methods to Achieve Successful Development
Authors: Thode Ashley G. , Landick Kimberly D. , Paterson Kurtis G. , Watkins David W.
Published: March 2018

While it is easy to set worldwide development goals, achieving and meeting those benchmarks is not so simple. The goal of many nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) is to spread development to communities. Two months were spent in Arusha, Tanzania interviewing NGOs which complete projects in many disciplines, ranging from water and sanitation to energy and agriculture. The NGOs were asked how they define the success of a project, about challenges encountered and lessons learned, and to discuss any monitoring strategies they may have. The interviews revealed that many organizations have not established metrics of success, nor do they have well-defined procedures for evaluating their projects. This leads to a lack of focus on monitoring following the implementation of a project. However, many donor organizations and agencies have recently added monitoring and quantitative metrics of project success. The most frequently identified challenge was regarding community interaction. Community participation is a challenge for various NGOs; however, many NGOs explained that through increased community interaction success of a project amplifies. These survey results can be used as a guide for engineers interested in entering the development sector, or by those who are already involved in it.
An Assisted Obstetric Delivery Device for Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Hessburg John P , Murthy Prithvi , Patel Keval D. , Ostrowski Daniel P. , Sienko Kathleen H
Published: March 2018

Pregnancy related mortalities account for the death of 350,000 women annually, and 99% of these mortalities occur in developing countries. Obstructed labor is one of the four leading causes of maternal mortality, in part because of inadequate access to assisted delivery technology. Currently used vacuums and forceps do not meet the functionality required by end users due to factors such as training time, dependence on electricity, and risks associated with device misuse. An assisted obstetric delivery device was designed and evaluated for use in low resource settings, following input gained through 15 weeks of interactions with Ghanaian health care workers in the summer of 2011. The prototype consists of a pronged applicator and an extractor sleeve, and requires no additional source of energy to operate. Future work includes improving the securing mechanism of the extractor as well as modifying the shape of the applicator to improve deflection characteristics.
Systemic and Systematic Assessment Methodology for Technology-Based Social Enterprises
Authors: Sulewski Tara , Dzombak Rachel , Bell Carey , Mehta Khanjan
Published: March 2018

Social enterprises that focus on appropriate technologies for socio-economically marginalized populations in developing countries are on the rise. However, standardized methodologies to assess the success of the venture and their economic, social and environmental impact are almost non-existent. Current assessment strategies focus on tangible outputs such as customers reached and revenues generated, which creates a disconnect between an organization’s mission and the impact created by the products and services provided. An emphasis shift from outputs to outcomes requires a move away from the solely growth-based measures to include mission-based measures. A systemic and systematic assessment methodology has been developed by our team for comprehensive and efficient assessment of early-stage social enterprises. This methodology uses a hierarchical framework to assess metrics at various levels of the venture while tracing them back to the overarching objectives of the venture. Current assessment practices used by nonprofits, social enterprises and academic ventures are discussed in detail to establish the need for systemic and systematic frameworks. The principles and mechanics of our assessment framework and its operationalization are presented with a culminating case study of the application of this methodology to a telemedicine venture in East Africa over the last three years.
Assessment of Colloidal Silver Impregnated Ceramic Bricks For Small-Scale Drinking Water Treatment Applications
Authors: Nover Daniel M , McKenzie Erica R , Joshi Geetika , Fleenor William E
Published: March 2018

Colloidal silver treated ceramic substrates were tested for effectiveness in small-scale, point-of-use (POU) drinking water treatment.  Coated substrates were used to treat harvested rainwater to test their ability to produce safe drinking water, where safety was evaluated based on both coliform and silver concentrations.  The effect of two different residence times was also evaluated.   Although the harvested rainwater had high concentrations of coliforms (>200 CFU/100 mL), no fecal coliforms were detected.  Upon initial deployment, coliform-free water was produced immediately, although silver concentrations exceeded WHO guidelines.  The treatment also produced coliform-free water within 24 hours following addition of a solution of canine feces (leading to an initial spike in coliform and E. coli concentrations) to the tanks. Silver concentration in the treatment tanks generally increased when the tanks were left to stand without water cycling and was noticeably reduced when large volumes were cycled. Over 60 days, silver concentration in tanks with different residence time stayed relatively constant at about 60 ppb.  From days 60 to 76 concentrations in the short residence time tank (residence time = 1.7 days) decreased dramatically.  Results suggest that colloidal silver coated substrates may be a feasible approach to small scale water treatment systems but that ensuring safe drinking water requires careful attention to sizing substrates, cistern residence time, and duration of treatment effectiveness.
The Influence of Lead Hyperaccumulators on the Uptake of Lead by Vegetables
Authors: Knapp Laura , Sangster Jodi , Bartelt-Hunt Shannon L.
Published: March 2018

Lead is a persistent soil pollutant present in many urban environments. In 2003, a 27 square mile region in Omaha NE became the newest addition to the National Priorities List for lead contamination. This large area encompasses 15,000 residential properties as well as an urban community garden. Previous work performed at the urban garden detected the presence of lead in produce. Research has shown that vegetation grown in these contaminated soils can bioaccumulate lead and become a pathway for exposure in humans. Although the relationship between soil concentration and plant uptake is unknown, it has been demonstrated that plants exhibit differential uptake. This study focused on the possible role of metal-hyperaccumulating plants to minimize the uptake of lead in adjacent vegetation. To conduct this study, soil contaminated with lead was used to grow tomatoes, carrots, and amaranth alongside sunflowers and mustard greens, the hyperaccumulators of interest. Samples of both the soils and produce were taken in triplicate and processed with nitric acid. Lead concentrations were then determined using atomic adsorption spectroscopy. The resulting data showed higher concentrations of lead in the hyperaccumulators and suggested that the presence of the hyperaccumulators may have had an impact on the amount of lead available to surrounding vegetation. Further research may provide additional tools in reducing human exposure to lead from produce grown in urban gardens.
Clean Water for La Ceiba El Salvador - Household Biosand Filters
Authors: Barb Kelly , Everett Jess W.
Published: March 2018

Engineers Without Borders (EWB) at Rowan University is a student-led organization that combines skills learned in the university classroom with real world experience, channeling the passion and knowledge of students to partner with communities in developing nations to solve engineering problems. In doing so, students learn civic responsibility, heighten their social awareness, and become actively contributing citizens of communities in both the United States and around the world. Students also learn skills that apply to the workplace, including project and team management, planning and organization, communication, fundraising and budgets, engineering "on the ground," and knowledge transfer. The Rowan EWB chapter partnered with the residents of La Ceiba, El Salvador to construct household biosand filters to achieve the ultimate goal of providing potable drinking water for the community. The purpose of this paper is threefold: (1) describe the Rowan Engineering Clinic course sequence, used to prepare and award credit to students working on EWB projects; (2) describe the La Ceiba project, focusing on the process used to identify and implement the ultimate solution; and (3) provide information on the household biosand filters that could be useful to other service organizations. As of January 2013, 54 filters have been installed. The filter recipients are satisfied and able to maintain their filters, with a notable self-reported decrease in water-related illness. Some filters cracked, and even leaked, but the local concrete vendor worked with residents to make repairs. Iterations in the filter box design have reduced the cracking problem. Community residents are maintaining their own filters.
BENARKAH KOMPETENSI DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI AKAN MENINGKATKAN KINERJA KARYAWAN?
Authors: Fauzan Akhri Ramdhani , Purwaningdyah Sri Wiludjeng Sunu
Published: March 2018

Based on preliminary studies it was found that employee performance has not been optimal. Some of an important factor that was found supposedly competency and organizational culture is an important factor that is most dominant. As a prominent factor of employee performance, organization culture and competency has been given much attention, as well as the influence of competency and organizational culture to employees performance either partially and simultaneously. Research method used in this research descriptive survey and explanatory survey. The sample in this research is employees of PT PLN (Persero) Area Karawang. The sampling technique used is stratified proportional method whereas the method of analysis used is path analysis. The result of research shows that there is a strong correlation among competency and organizational culture. The hypotheses for the partial impact of competency and organizational culture toward employee performance employee are all accepted. Simultaneous influence competency and organizational culture toward performance of employee gives a significant effect.
ANTESEDEN CUSTOMER LOYALTY
Authors: Alber Rury Febria
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this research is to test and analyze empirically the influence of service quality, customer satisfaction, and trust to loyalty of internet banking users. Researcher choose 280 respondents as the sample of this research, using purposive sampling. The statistical methods used to test the hypothesis are simple linear regression and Structural Equation Model with Partial Least Square (PLS). The result of this research shows that service quality, customer satisfaction, and trust affected loyalty of internet banking users. Based on the results of research that has been done, there are some managerial implications as follows: 1) display on internet banking making easier to understand, 2) service innovation provided by internet banking, 3) improved security system on internet banking and 4) cheaper transactions using internet banking.
MODEL OF INTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM (SPMI) IN STKIP SINGKAWANG
Authors: Mursidi Andi , Soeharto Soeharto , Setyowati Rini , Ting I-hsien , Sundiman Didi , Sabran Sabran
Published: March 2018

This study aims to determine the model of the Internal Quality Assurance System applied in STKIP Singkawang. This study is a qualitative research using case study as a research method. The study was conducted in STKIP Singkawang with research subjects STKIP Singkawang Quality Assurance Agency. The technique is done to collect data consist of interviews and observations. The results showed (1) an internal quality assurance system STKIP Singkawang applying standard 41; and 2) quality assurance management model applied in STKIP Singkawang is PDCA model consisting of four main components, namely Plan, Do, Check and Action.
Retrospection of ethnoveterinary medicines of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: R.L.S. Sikarwar
Published: March 2018

Madhya Pradesh is situated in the centre of India, endowed with rich and diverse forest and cultural diversity. The review of literature on ethnoveterinary medicines reveals that about 258 species of plants belonging to 209 genera and 82 families are employed by tribal and rural communities of Madhya Pradesh for the treatment of about 139 types of ailments, diseases and disorders of their pet/ domesticated animals. The information regarding the uses of plants for veterinary purpose is verbally transmitted from one generation to another. This indigenous knowledge and practice of tribal and rural people is based on locally available herbs and are very effective to cure diseases and disorders of animals. Therefore, all these herbs should be screened scientifically in order to investigate newer sources of ethnoveterinary drugs and medicines of herbal origin.
A study on the prescription pattern of anti-hypertensive drugs in general hospital of Al-Quwayyah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Otaibi Faisal
Published: March 2018

An open, non-comparative, observational study conducted on hypertensive patients attending the OPD medicine of Al-Quwayyah general hospital, Al-Quwayyah, Saudi Arabia by conducting patient interviews and recording the data on drug utilization form based on JNC-7 and WHO format. Total of 212 hypertensive patients were included in study, prevalence of hypertension was found to be higher in male in age group of 45-59 years, smoker and pre-hypertension stage. 60.38% antihypertensive drugs prescribed by trade name and by 39.62 % by generic name. It was observed that Monotherapy were most prescribed mode of drugs and in Combination therapy the frequency and percentage of two drug combination were found 3/4 of the total combination therapy similarly three combination drugs were 16.72 % and more than three drugs combination were only 3.41 %. It was observed that Beta blocker were prescribed most (28.77%) among antihypertensive drugs followed by calcium channel blocker (25.47%), ACE inhibitor (17.92%), Diuretics (12.74%), AT II Receptor Blocker (9.4%) and alpha blocker were found to be least one. The Conclusion of study was found that the Utilization pattern of Antihypertensive drug in General hospital Al-Quwayyah, Saudi Arabia indicates that Beta blocker were prescribed individually most as monotherapy and if combination therapy then 2 drug combination of antihypertensive drugs.

Keywords: Prescription; Antihypertensive drugs; Beta Blocker