bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INOVASI PELAYANAN ONLINE SINGLE SUBMISSION (OSS) DI DINAS PENANAMAN MODAL DAN PELAYANAN TERPADU SATU PINTU KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Andi Andi , Novianti Intan , Hidayat Agus Fatah
Published: June 2024

Inovasi Pelayanan Online Single Submission (OSS) di Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Tasikmalaya merupakan sebuah langkah maju dalam meningkatkan efisiensi dan kualitas layanan publik. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Inovasi Kebijakan Efferet M. Rogers (2003) yang meliputi dimensi Relative Advantage atau Keuntungan Relatif, Compatibility atau Kesesuaian, Complexity atau Kerumitan, Trialability atau Kemampuan Uji Coba, dan Observability atau Kemudahan untuk Diamati. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adopsi Online Single Submission (OSS) di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya memberikan keuntungan relatif dengan mengurangi waktu dan biaya dalam proses perizinan. Online Single Submission (OSS) juga terintegrasi dengan baik dalam sistem yang ada di Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu, serta sesuai dengan nilai, kebutuhan, dan pengalaman pengguna. Meskipun Online Single Submission (OSS) kompleks, namun dengan panduan yang disediakan, pengguna dapat menggunakan Online Single Submission (OSS) dengan mudah. Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Tasikmalaya memberikan dukungan dan bimbingan yang memadai kepada pengguna untuk memahami dan menggunakan Online Single Submission (OSS). Dengan adanya uji coba yang dilakukan, masyarakat dapat lebih percaya diri dan terbiasa menggunakan Online Single Submission (OSS). Online Single Submission (OSS) memberikan manfaat yang terlihat secara nyata bagi masyarakat, seperti pengurangan waktu dan biaya, serta peningkatan transparansi dan aksesibilitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disarankan agar Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu terus menyediakan informasi, edukasi, dan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tentang Online Single Submission (OSS). Peningkatan komunikasi dan pengembangan layanan berkelanjutan juga perlu diperhatikan. Penguatan infrastruktur dan sumber daya manusia yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan Online Single Submission (OSS) juga merupakan hal yang penting untuk dilakukan. Dengan implementasi saran-saran tersebut, diharapkan adopsi dan penggunaan Online Single Submission (OSS) di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dapat terus meningkat, memberikan dampak positif yang lebih besar bagi efisiensi dan kualitas layanan publik.
Analisis Postur Kerja Selector Produk Dengan Metoda RULA di PT. XYZ
Authors: Faiza Citra Dian , Herwanto Dene
Published: June 2024

PT XYZ adalah perusahaan plastik yang sangat menjaga produknya dengan baik. dalam proses produksi pekerja selector bertugas untuk memilih produk hasil produksi yang kemudian dikemas, dalam proses pengemasan produk terdapat kegiatan berulang, hal ini dikhawatirkan akan menimbulkan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders. Untuk mengetahui tingkat resiko postur kerja selecto digunakan metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) dan dilakukan survey kuesioner yaitu kuesioner Nordic Body Map. Dari hasil pengukuran terhadap pekerja selector saat mengemas produk diperoleh skor RULA sebesar 7 yang berada pada action level 4, yang berarti pekerja selector saat mengemas produk bekerja dengan tingkat risiko very high, sehingga pekerjaan tersebut perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan dan tindakan perubahan perlu dilakukan sesegera mungkin karena mendesak. Dari hasil pengisian kuesioner NBM diketahui bahwa otot yang memiliki tingkat risiko terjadinya cidera adalah otot bagian leher bawah, pinggang, lengan bawah kiri dan kanan dengan skor 3 yang berarti sakit, Serta otot bagian punggung dengan skor 4 yang berarti sangat sakit.
Karakterisasi Pembentukan Air Asam Tambang pada Endapan Batubara Formasi Warukin Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Zakhyar Fardha , Syaputra Rizky , Agustin Friska , Santoso Andyono Broto , Andriansyah Rian , Khasanah Icha Nur , Zahwa Afifah Faiza
Published: June 2024

Tambang terbuka merupakan metode yang umum digunakan dalam penambangan pada endapan batubara di Indonesia, yang sering dikaitkan dengan munculnya isu lingkungan. Dampak lingkungan akibat aktivitas penambangan ini adalah munculnya air asam tambang. Demi meminimalisir hal tersebut, perlu dilakukannya antisipasi dampak sedini mungkin dengan mengidentifikasi batuan yang berpotensi membentuk asam dan menginterpretasikan daerah pengaruhnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis geokimia menggunakan uji statik untuk mengetahui potensi pembentukkan asam berdasarkan SNI 6597-2011. Analisis geokimia berperan untuk mengetahui batuan potential acid forming (PAF) dan non-acid forming (NAF) pada Formasi Warukin Kalimantan Selatan yang diambil dari berbagai litologi seperti sandstone, mudstone, dan shalestone. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian geokimia pada litologi batuan yang sama terkadang memiliki potensi pembentukan air asam tambang yang berbeda. Hal ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh intensitas pelapukan yang disebabkan oleh kondisi iklim dan dibantu oleh kondisi topografi relatif datar dan kemiringan lereng yang relatif lebih landai. Sehingga, upaya mitigasi pembentukan air asam tambang dapat dilakukan dengan mengetahui karakteristik batuan yang memiliki kandungan mineral sulfida yang mengalami kontak dengan udara dan air. Dan upaya pencegahan dapat dilakukan dengan penyesuaian atau melakukan perancangan yang baik terhadap kemiringan lereng. Kemiringan lereng yang ideal dapat membuat limpasan atau runoff. Sehingga dapat meminimalisir terjadinya erosi dan terbentuknya genangan air, serta dapat mencegah terjadinya pembentukan air asam tambang sebagai usaha penanggulangan dampak lingkungan tidak semakin meluas.
A SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE TÜRKİYE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM: A PHYSICIANS' PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Filiz Mustafa
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to conduct a SWOT analysis of the Türkiye healthcare system from the viewpoint of physicians. The sample for this study consisted of 22 physicians who voluntarily participated. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing semi-structured interview forms for data collection. Data were gathered both face-to-face and online. The obtained data were coded, and similar codes were categorized and themed. This study incorporated both SWOT analysis and content analysis methods. When examining the findings, physicians highlighted easy access and availability as the strong aspects of the Türkiye healthcare system. However, the system's weaknesses were predominantly identified as issues concerning healthcare professionals. On the other hand, medical tourism was pointed out as the most significant opportunity awaiting the health system, whereas the escalating violence towards healthcare workers was perceived as the biggest threat. The Türkiye Healthcare System stands out with strengths such as ease of access and advanced technological infrastructure, as well as opportunities like medical tourism. However, it also harbors pressing challenges, including violence against healthcare workers and medication shortages. It is anticipated that many of these issues will be addressed when the balance between demand and supply is achieved.
Strategi Komunikasi BBPPMPV BMTI dalam Mensosialisasikan Adaptasi Penggunaan Energi Terbarukan
Authors: Sari Mira Kumala , Santana Septiawan , Wiwitan Tresna
Published: June 2024

Penggunaan energi fosil yang dominan di Indonesia, khususnya minyak bumi dan batu bara mengakibatkan ketersediaannya semakin menipis, sehingga dibutuhkan Energi Terbarukan (ET) untuk mengantisipasi hal ini. Penggunaan ET merupakan alternatif terbaik sebagai usaha untuk mengurangi pemakaian energi fosil. Pemerintah wajib memperhatikan hal tersebut. Untuk mendukung Pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan konversi energi fosil ke ET maka diperlukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat. Berdasarkan data-data yang peneliti peroleh, Pemerintah Indonesia masif dalam membuat kebijakan terkait dengan konversi energi fosil ke ET, tetapi masih sedikit sosialisasi terkait dengan cara penggunaan dan pengembangan ET itu sendiri. Hal ini mengindikasikan perlu adanya sosialisasi terhadap penggunaan ET yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah kualitatif, pendekatan yang dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara maupun studi pustaka. Temuan dan hasil penelitian menunjukkan jika Indonesia membutuhkan sosialisasi terkait dengan ET dalam bentuk pengajaran langsung yang didalamnya berisi praktek penggunaan, pembuatan atau pembangunan perangkat Pembangkit Listrik ET (PLET) yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Strategi komunikasi yang dilakukan BBPPMPV BMTI dalam Mensosialisasikan Adaptasi Penggunaan ET melalui Diklat TET. Diklat TET yang dilakukan oleh BBPPMPV BMTI merupakan sebuah bentuk sosialisasi yang didalamnya terdapat pengajaran langsung berisi praktek penggunaan, pembuatan atau pembangunan perangkat Pembangkit Listrik ET (PLET) yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat.
Social Engineering Attacks: How to Prevent
Authors: Manukyan Lilit , Gevorgyan Mariam
Published: June 2024

We present the pervasive threat of social engineering attacks in cyber security. The article explores interdisciplinary perspectives, such as psychology and information technology discipline, the social engineering attack types, sequence and traits. Through an in-depth analysis of social engineering attacks, this paper aims to raise awareness about the evolving threat landscape and provides actionable strategies for effective prevention. Nowadays social engineering attacks are incredibly important for all mobile and computer users. Beyond spotting an attack, one can also be proactive about privacy and security. Keeping your devices themselves is just as important as all your other digital behaviors. 90 % of cyber attacks involve social engineering. “Human hacking” scams tend to lure unsuspecting users into exposing data, spreading malware infections, or giving access to restricted systems. In this article we have been presenting pervasive and growing threat-social engineering, interdisciplinary perspectives, such as psychology and information technology discipline, the social engineering attack types, sequence and traits. Therefore, in the article we have been studying social engineering attacks and ways of preventing them.
Metabolomic changes in Cryptocaryon irritans from Larimichthys crocea after exposure to copper plate
Authors: Guo Xiangyu , Huang Wenlian , Xu Yifan , Zhan Quanjun , Sun Peng , Hu Haojie
Published: June 2024

Cryptocaryon irritans is a highly detrimental parasite in mariculture, causing significant economic losses to the aquaculture industry of Larimichthys crocea. In recent years, copper and copper alloy materials have been used to kill parasites. In this study, the effect of copper plates on the tomont period of C. irritans was explored. The findings indicated that copper plates effectively eradicated tomonts, resulting in a hatching rate of 0. The metabolomic analysis revealed that a total of 2,663 differentially expressed metabolites (1,032 up-regulated and 1,631 down-regulated) were screened in the positive ion mode, and 2,199 differentially expressed metabolites (840 up-regulated and 1,359 down-regulated) were screened in the negative ion mode. L-arginine and L-aspartic acid could be used as potential biomarkers. Copper plate treatment affected 25 metabolic pathways in the tomont, most notably influencing histidine metabolism, retinol metabolism, the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, as well as arginine and proline metabolism. It was shown that high concentrations of copper ions caused a certain degree of disruption to the metabolome of tomonts in C. irritans, thereby impacting their metabolic processes. Consequently, this disturbance ultimately leads to the rapid demise of tomonts upon exposure to copper plates. The metabolomic changes observed in this study elucidate the lethal impact of copper on C. irritans tomonts, providing valuable reference data for the prevention and control of C. irritans in aquaculture.
The impact of large language models on higher education: exploring the connection between AI and Education 4.0
Authors: Peláez-Sánchez Iris Cristina , Velarde-Camaqui Davis , Glasserman-Morales Leonardo David
Published: June 2024

The digital transformation has profoundly affected every facet of human life, with technological advancements potentially reshaping the economy, society, and our daily living and working modalities. Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Generative AI (GAI), has emerged as a pivotal disruption in education, showcasing the capability to produce diverse and context-relevant content. Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) has revolutionized natural language processing, computer vision, and creative arts. Large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4 and Open Assistant and tools like DALL-E and Midjourney for the visual and creative domain are increasingly used for various tasks by students and others with critical information needs. AI presents novel avenues for crafting effective learning activities and developing enhanced technology-driven learning applications in the educational sector. However, integrating AI with a pedagogical focus pose challenge. Education 4.0, which integrates emerging technologies and innovative strategies, aims to prepare new generations for a technologically fluid world. This systematic literature review aims to analyze the use of LLMs in higher education within the context of Education 4.0’s pedagogical approaches, identifying trends and challenges from a selection of 83 relevant articles out of an initial set of 841 papers. The findings underscore the significant potential of LLMs to enrich higher education, aligning with Education 4.0 by fostering more autonomous, collaborative, and interactive learning. It highlights the necessity for human oversight to ensure the quality and accuracy of AI-generated content. It addresses ethical and legal challenges to ensure equitable implementation, suggesting an exploration of LLM integration that complements human interaction while maintaining academic integrity and pedagogical foundation.
The “root” causes behind the anti-inflammatory actions of ginger compounds in immune cells
Authors: Pázmándi Kitti , Szöllősi Attila Gábor , Fekete Tünde
Published: June 2024

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the most well-known spices and medicinal plants worldwide that has been used since ancient times to treat a plethora of diseases including cold, gastrointestinal complaints, nausea, and migraine. Beyond that, a growing body of literature demonstrates that ginger exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer and neuroprotective actions as well. The beneficial effects of ginger can be attributed to the biologically active compounds of its rhizome such as gingerols, shogaols, zingerone and paradols. Among these compounds, gingerols are the most abundant in fresh roots, and shogaols are the major phenolic compounds of dried ginger. Over the last two decades numerous in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the major ginger phenolics are able to influence the function of various immune cells including macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells and T cells. Although the mechanism of action of these compounds is not fully elucidated yet, some studies provide a mechanistic insight into their anti-inflammatory effects by showing that ginger constituents are able to target multiple signaling pathways. In the first part of this review, we summarized the current literature about the immunomodulatory actions of the major ginger compounds, and in the second part, we focused on the possible molecular mechanisms that may underlie their anti-inflammatory effects.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chronic lung disease: untangling the dysregulated host immune response
Authors: Nickerson Rhea , Thornton Christina S. , Johnston Brent , Lee Amy H. Y. , Cheng Zhenyu
Published: June 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly adaptable opportunistic pathogen capable of exploiting barriers and immune defects to cause chronic lung infections in conditions such as cystic fibrosis. In these contexts, host immune responses are ineffective at clearing persistent bacterial infection, instead driving a cycle of inflammatory lung damage. This review outlines key components of the host immune response to chronic P. aeruginosa infection within the lung, beginning with initial pathogen recognition, followed by a robust yet maladaptive innate immune response, and an ineffective adaptive immune response that propagates lung damage while permitting bacterial persistence. Untangling the interplay between host immunity and chronic P. aeruginosa infection will allow for the development and refinement of strategies to modulate immune-associated lung damage and potentiate the immune system to combat chronic infection more effectively.
Lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) genotypes and field margin vegetation influence bean aphids and their natural enemies
Authors: Karimi Joseph M. , Nyaanga Jane G. , Mulwa Richard M.S. , Ogendo Joshua O. , Bett Philip K. , Cheruiyot Erick K. , Arnold Sarah E.J. , Belmain Steven R. , Stevenson Philip C.
Published: June 2024

Lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) is an important food and livestock feed legume that can also enhance soil fertility. However, its production is limited by insect pests, notably the black bean aphid (Aphis fabae). The present field study was conducted to determine the difference in the contribution of lablab genotypes and natural field margin vegetation (FMV) to the abundance and diversity of natural enemies and the damage, incidence, and abundance of bean aphids. Eighteen lablab genotypes were planted in the presence or absence of FMV in a randomized complete block design experiment replicated four times. Data on aphid abundance, incidence, and severity of damage were collected at four growth stages of the crop. Lablab genotypes significantly influenced aphid incidence, suggesting some level of tolerance to aphid colonization. Findings showed that lablab genotypes were a significant influence on natural enemy species richness with no statistical difference for abundance and natural enemy species diversity. However, the genotypes did not vary significantly in their influence on the number of aphid natural enemies. FMV was associated with low bean aphid damage. Overall, the presence or absence of FMV did not influence the number of natural enemies caught on the crop. This concurs with recent work that shows a similar number of natural enemies with field margin plants but may reflect the reduced number of pest insects. Cropping seasons influenced aphid abundance and damage severity, with the populations developing at the early stages of lablab development and decreasing as the crop advanced. This pattern was similar both in the presence or absence of FMV. The findings of this study highlight the important contribution of crop genotype together with the presence of field margin species in the regulation of aphids and their natural enemies in lablab.
A key hub for climate systems: deciphering from Southern Ocean sea surface temperature variability
Authors: Li Ninghong , Zheng Xufeng , Su Ting , Ma Xiao , Zhu Junying , Cheng Dongdong
Published: June 2024

The Southern Ocean connects the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, serving as a key hub for the global overturning circulation. The climate of the Southern Ocean is closely linked to the low-latitude equatorial Pacific, as well as the high-latitude regions of the North Atlantic, making it an important component of the global climate system. Due to the interactions of various processes such as atmospheric, oceanic, and ice cover, the Southern Ocean exhibits a complex and variable sea surface temperature structure. Satellite observations indicate that since 1980, the sea surface temperature of the Southern Ocean has been cooling, contrary to the global warming trend. However, due to the relatively short length of satellite observations, the specific mechanisms are not yet clear. Here, we used the EOF method to analyze sea surface temperature data since 1870 (HadISST1 and ERSSTV5), with three main separated modes explaining over 70% of the sea temperature variability. Among them, the first mode shows widespread positive sea surface temperature anomalies in the Southern Ocean, with a time series change consistent with global temperature anomalies, representing a mode of global warming. The second mode corresponds to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) but with a lag of approximately 4 years. The third mode is consistent with the variability of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Furthermore, our study indicates that despite the ongoing global warming since 1980, the negative phase of AMO and positive phase of ENSO may counteract the effects of global warming, leading to an overall cooling trend in the sea surface temperature of the Southern Ocean.
The anterior scleral thickness in primary open-angle glaucoma with high myopia
Authors: Li Mu , Chen Liwen , Luo Zhaoxia , Yan Xiaoqin
Published: June 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate and compare the anterior scleral thickness (AST) among high myopia (HM), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and POAG with HM (HMPOAG) groups.

Methods

Thirty-two HM eyes, 30 POAG eyes, and 31 HMPOAG eyes were included. The Schlemm’s canal (SC) area, trabecular meshwork (TM) thickness, scleral spur (SS) length, and AST were measured using swept-source optical coherence tomography. AST was measured at 0 mm (AST0), 1 mm (AST1), 2 mm (AST2), and 3 mm (AST3) from SS.

Results

The HMPOAG group had significantly thinner AST, SS length, and TM thickness than the HM and POAG groups (all p < 0.05). In addition, the SC area of the HMPOAG group was also significantly smaller than that of the HM group (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The HMPOAG group had the thinnest AST, shortest SS, thinnest TM, and smallest SC. The thinnest AST might contribute to the shortest SS, and further to the thinnest TM and smallest SC in the HMPOAG group. AST might be a novel clinical indicator in the prediction and evaluation of POAG.
Multi-parameter MRI radiomic features may contribute to predict progression-free survival in patients with WHO grade II meningiomas
Authors: Zeng Qiang , Tian Zhongyu , Dong Fei , Shi Feina , Xu Penglei , Zhang Jianmin , Ling Chenhan , Guo Zhige
Published: June 2024

Aim

This study aims to investigate the potential value of radiomic features from multi-parameter MRI in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with WHO grade II meningiomas.

Methods

Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used for survival analysis of clinical features. A total of 851 radiomic features were extracted based on tumor region segmentation from each sequence, and Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy (mRMR) algorithm was applied to filter and select radiomic features. Bagged AdaBoost, Stochastic Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and Neural Network models were built based on selected features. Discriminative abilities of models were evaluated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC).

Results

Our study enrolled 164 patients with WHO grade II meningiomas. Female gender (p=0.023), gross total resection (GTR) (p<0.001), age <68 years old (p=0.023), and edema index <2.3 (p=0.006) are protective factors for PFS in these patients. Both the Bagged AdaBoost model and the Neural Network model achieved the best performance on test set with an AUC of 0.927 (95% CI, Bagged AdaBoost: 0.834–1.000; Neural Network: 0.836–1.000).

Conclusion

The Bagged AdaBoost model and the Neural Network model based on radiomic features demonstrated decent predictive ability for PFS in patients with WHO grade II meningiomas who underwent operation using preoperative multi-parameter MR images, thus bringing benefit for patient prognosis prediction in clinical practice. Our study emphasizes the importance of utilizing advanced imaging techniques such as radiomics to improve personalized treatment strategies for meningiomas by providing more accurate prognostic information that can guide clinicians toward better decision-making processes when treating their patients’ conditions effectively while minimizing risks associated with unnecessary interventions or treatments that may not be beneficial.
Establishment and validation of a nomogram containing cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 for the differential diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yuan-Yuan , Li Yue-Yue , Liu Yong-Shuai , Zhang Zong-Li , Gao Yan-Jing
Published: June 2024

Background

Our study aimed to develop a nomogram incorporating cytokeratin fragment antigen 21–1 (CYFRA21–1) to assist in differentiating between patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

A total of 487 patients who were diagnosed with ICC and HCC at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were included in this study. The patients were divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort based on whether the data collection was retrospective or prospective. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to select variables for the nomogram. The discrimination and calibration of the nomogram were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plots. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the nomogram’s net benefits at various threshold probabilities.

Results

Six variables, including CYFRA21–1, were incorporated to establish the nomogram. Its satisfactory discriminative ability was indicated by the AUC (0.972 for the training cohort, 0.994 for the validation cohort), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) values. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test and the calibration plots demonstrated favorable consistency between the nomogram predictions and the actual observations. Moreover, DCA revealed the clinical utility and superior discriminative ability of the nomogram compared to the model without CYFRA21–1 and the model consisting of the logarithm of alpha-fetoprotein (Log AFP) and the logarithm of carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (Log CA19–9). Additionally, the AUC values suggested that the discriminative ability of Log CYFRA21–1 was greater than that of the other variables used as diagnostic biomarkers.

Conclusions

This study developed and validated a nomogram including CYFRA21–1, which can aid clinicians in the differential diagnosis of ICC and HCC patients.
Case Report: Could topical epidermal growth factor be considered a new therapy for skin injuries in premature infants?
Authors: Cossovel F. , Marrazzo F. , Nider S. , Traunero A. , Dussi G. , Travan L. , Cirino M. , Zanon D.
Published: June 2024

In this case report, we present the experience of a premature neonate born at 28 weeks of gestation who, following prolonged respiratory support, developed a pressure injury on the columella despite the implementation of all appropriate preventive techniques. This injury did not improve with standard therapies; therefore, it was necessary to apply a topical galenic therapy containing epidermal growth factor, resulting in complete healing of the lesion.
Re-entry in models of cardiac ventricular tissue with scar represented as a Gaussian random field
Authors: Clayton Richard H. , Sridhar S.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Fibrotic scar in the heart is known to act as a substrate for arrhythmias. Regions of fibrotic scar are associated with slowed or blocked conduction of the action potential, but the detailed mechanisms of arrhythmia formation are not well characterised and this can limit the effective diagnosis and treatment of scar in patients. The aim of this computational study was to evaluate different representations of fibrotic scar in models of 2D 10 × 10 cm ventricular tissue, where the region of scar was defined by sampling a Gaussian random field with an adjustable length scale of between 1.25 and 10.0 mm.

Methods: Cellular electrophysiology was represented by the Ten Tusscher 2006 model for human ventricular cells. Fibrotic scar was represented as a spatially varying diffusion, with different models of the boundary between normal and fibrotic tissue. Dispersion of activation time and action potential duration (APD) dispersion was assessed in each sample by pacing at an S1 cycle length of 400 ms followed by a premature S2 beat with a coupling interval of 323 ms. Vulnerability to reentry was assessed with an aggressive pacing protocol. In all models, simulated fibrosis acted to delay activation, to increase the dispersion of APD, and to generate re-entry.

Results: A higher incidence of re-entry was observed in models with simulated fibrotic scar at shorter length scale, but the type of model used to represent fibrotic scar had a much bigger influence on the incidence of reentry.

Discussion: This study shows that in computational models of fibrotic scar the effects that lead to either block or propagation of the action potential are strongly influenced by the way that fibrotic scar is represented in the model, and so the results of computational studies involving fibrotic scar should be interpreted carefully.
The impact of the Qinghai-Tibet highway on plant community and diversity
Authors: Tan ZhaoXian , Chen XuePing , Wang Yun , Wang Suqin , Wang Rong , Yao BaoHui , Yang YanGang , Kong YaPing , Qu JiaPeng
Published: June 2024

Roads are an increasingly prevalent form of human activity that drives the decrease in plant community functions and threatens global biodiversity. However, few studies have focused on the changes in the function and diversity of alpine meadows caused by road infrastructure in the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, the changes in species diversity, functional diversity, and community stability were examined at different distances from the Qinghai-Tibet highway. The results showed that the road intensified the degradation of vegetation, which significantly altered species diversity and community structure. This effect gradually decreased from near to far from the highway. Plant community cover and species diversity were highest at intermediate distances (50–100 m) from the roadway; species diversity and stability were lowest in the grassland most disturbed by the road (0 m), and species diversity and functional diversity tended to stabilize farther away from the road (250 m). Our findings indicate that changes in species diversity are synchronized with changes in functional diversity, which largely determines the outcome of degraded grassland community diversity and stability. Our results provide a reference point for restoring degraded alpine areas and mitigating the ecological impacts of roads.
DeepRetroMoCo: deep neural network-based retrospective motion correction algorithm for spinal cord functional MRI
Authors: Mobarak-Abadi Mahdi , Mahmoudi-Aznaveh Ahmad , Dehghani Hamed , Zarei Mojtaba , Vahdat Shahabeddin , Doyon Julien , Khatibi Ali
Published: June 2024

Background and purpose

There are distinct challenges in the preprocessing of spinal cord fMRI data, particularly concerning the mitigation of voluntary or involuntary movement artifacts during image acquisition. Despite the notable progress in data processing techniques for movement detection and correction, applying motion correction algorithms developed for the brain cortex to the brainstem and spinal cord remains a challenging endeavor.

Methods

In this study, we employed a deep learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) named DeepRetroMoCo, trained using an unsupervised learning algorithm. Our goal was to detect and rectify motion artifacts in axial T2*-weighted spinal cord data. The training dataset consisted of spinal cord fMRI data from 27 participants, comprising 135 runs for training and 81 runs for testing.

Results

To evaluate the efficacy of DeepRetroMoCo, we compared its performance against the sct_fmri_moco method implemented in the spinal cord toolbox. We assessed the motion-corrected images using two metrics: the average temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) and Delta Variation Signal (DVARS) for both raw and motion-corrected data. Notably, the average tSNR in the cervical cord was significantly higher when DeepRetroMoCo was utilized for motion correction, compared to the sct_fmri_moco method. Additionally, the average DVARS values were lower in images corrected by DeepRetroMoCo, indicating a superior reduction in motion artifacts. Moreover, DeepRetroMoCo exhibited a significantly shorter processing time compared to sct_fmri_moco.

Conclusion

Our findings strongly support the notion that DeepRetroMoCo represents a substantial improvement in motion correction procedures for fMRI data acquired from the cervical spinal cord. This novel deep learning-based approach showcases enhanced performance, offering a promising solution to address the challenges posed by motion artifacts in spinal cord fMRI data.
Interactive mirrOring Games wIth sOCial rObot (IOGIOCO): a pilot study on the use of intransitive gestures in a sample of Italian preschool children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Annunziata Silvia , Santos Laura , Caglio Arianna , Geminiani Alice , Brazzoli Elena , Piazza Elena , Olivieri Ivana , Pedrocchi Alessandra , Cavallini Anna
Published: June 2024

Background

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication, social interaction, and restricted behaviors. The importance of early intervention has been widely demonstrated, and developmental trajectories in ASD emphasize the importance of nonverbal communication, such as intransitive gesture production, as a possible positive prognostic factor for language development. The use of technological tools in the therapy of individuals with ASD has also become increasingly important due to their higher engagement and responsiveness to technological objects, such as robots.

Materials and methods

We developed a training protocol using the humanoid robot NAO, called IOGIOCO (Interactive mirroring Games wIth sOCial rObot), based on the use of intransitive gestures embedded in naturalistic dialogues, stimulating a triadic interaction between child, robot and therapist. The training was divided into six levels; the first 2 levels were called “familiarization levels,” and the other 4 were “training levels”. The technological setup includes different complexity levels, from mirroring tasks to building spontaneous interactions. We tested the protocol on 10 preschool children with ASD (aged 2–6 years) for 14 weeks. We assessed them at recruitment (T0), at the end of training (T1), and after 6 months (T2).

Results

We demonstrated the tolerability of the protocol. We found that one group (n=4, males and 2 females) reached the training level, while another and group (n=6 males) remained at a familiarization level (mirroring), we analyzed the results for the two groups. In the group that reached the training levels, we found promising results, such as an improvement in the Social Adaptive Domain of the ABAS-II questionnaire between T0 and T2.

Conclusion

While current results will need a Randomized Controlled Trial to be confirmed, the present work sets an important milestone in using social robots for ASD treatment, aimed at impacting social and communication skills in everyday life.
HAWKFOG-an enhanced deep learning framework for the Fog-IoT environment
Authors: Abirami R. , E Poovammal
Published: June 2024

Cardiac disease is considered as the one of the deadliest diseases that constantly increases the globe’s mortality rate. Since a lot of expertise is required for an accurate prediction of heart disease, designing an intelligent predictive system for cardiac diseases remains to be complex and tricky. Internet of Things based health regulation systems are a relatively recent technology. In addition, novel Edge and Fog device concepts are presented to advance prediction results. However, the main problem with the current systems is that they are unable to meet the demands of effective diagnosis systems due to their poor prediction capabilities. To overcome this problem, this research proposes a novel framework called HAWKFOGS which innovatively integrates the deep learning for a practical diagnosis of cardiac problems using edge and fog computing devices. The current datasets were gathered from different subjects using IoT devices interfaced with the electrocardiography and blood pressure sensors. The data are then predicted as normal and abnormal using the Logistic Chaos based Harris Hawk Optimized Enhanced Gated Recurrent Neural Networks. The ablation experiments are carried out using IoT nodes interfaced with medical sensors and fog gateways based on Embedded Jetson Nano devices. The suggested algorithm’s performance is measured. Additionally, Model Building Time is computed to validate the suggested model’s response. Compared to the other algorithms, the suggested model yielded the best results in terms of accuracy (99.7%), precision (99.65%), recall (99.7%), specificity (99.7%). F1-score (99.69%) and used the least amount of Model Building Time (1.16 s) to predict cardiac diseases.
Design and verification of a highly accurate in-situ hyperspectral radiometric measurement system (HyperNav)
Authors: Barnard Andrew , Boss Emmanuel , Haëntjens Nils , Orrico Cristina , Frouin Robert , Tan Jing , Klumpp Justin , Dewey Michael , Walter David , Mazloff Matthew , Chamberlain Paul
Published: June 2024

Hyperspectral optical observations of the Earth’s surface oceans from space offer a means to improve our understanding of ocean biology and biogeochemistry. NASA’s Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) satellite mission, which includes a hyperspectral ocean color instrument (OCI), will provide radiometric observations of surface ocean with near continuous spectral resolution across the near UV to NIR range. Maintaining sufficient accuracy over the lifetime of satellite ocean color missions requires a robust program for system vicarious calibration (SVC) and product validation. The system vicarious calibration process combines satellite sensor data with in-situ radiometric/optical measurements to remove potential biases due to the combined errors from both satellite radiometric sensor calibration and atmospheric correction. As such, high accuracy, high-spectral resolution in-situ radiometric measurements are required to provide a principal source of truth for the satellite-derived products. To meet the requirements, a novel in-situ radiometric system, called HyperNav, has been developed, rigorously characterized and field tested. Key attributes of HyperNav are dual upwelling radiance heads coupled to individual spectrometers, spectral resolution of ∼2.2 nm (full width, half-maximum) across 320–900 nm, integrated shutter systems for dark measurements, and integrated tilt and pressure sensors. The HyperNav operational modes include traditional profiling and surface modes, as well as integration with an autonomous profiling float for unattended deployment, offering a new capability for a network of autonomous platforms to support the long-term needs for hyperspectral ocean color remote sensing observations. This paper describes the HyperNav design, in-situ operational modes, and field verification results.
Market Timing Investment Methods on the Budapest Stock Exchange
Authors: Nagy Attila Zoltan
Published: June 2024

A large body of literature confirms that simple investment methods based on timing can outperform and thus be an alternative to traditional investment strategies. The study tests this hypothesis on the Budapest Stock Exchange stock index: a simple timing strategy using 4,619 moving averages was tested on 554,935 trades over the period from 1998 to 2022. The study finds that a wide range of the 4,619 variants performed well on in-sample data, but most could not achieve outperformance out of sample. In some cases, overfitting cannot be ruled out, nor can the effect of randomness due to the low number of cases. The robust variant selected on the in-sample data outperforms out of sample and over the full period at trading costs. However, at a one per cent significance level the Monte Carlo simulation of this variant does not allow the null hypothesis to be rejected, i.e. it cannot be ruled out that randomness or market noise caused the results.
The Challenges of Fragmentation of the International Financial System - Towards a Brave New World Order?
Authors: Müller Janos , Kerényi Adam
Published: June 2024

The emerging new world order will be subject to a number of strong and unexpected effects, transforming and fragmenting the international financial system. The multilateral world economy has come under the influence of a multipolar power structure, triggering geopolitical tensions, which has led to the creation of economic and financial blocs, and the struggle to strengthen power positions. Financial fragmentation poses risks to international financial and monetary stability. Reducing negative impacts requires international cooperation, but the regulatory activities of international financial institutions are constrained by power blocs. This paper seeks to answer the question of how the fragmented world order affects the international monetary system, flows of capital, monetary policies and financial stability.
Differences between Hungarian Innovation - Driven and Innovative Enterprises Based on Primary Research
Authors: Szoboszlai Mihály , Várnai Tímea , Szakály Áron Gergő
Published: June 2024

The extensive growth model of the Hungarian economy in the 2010s should be gradually completed and then replaced by an intensive growth framework with innovation at its core. This is why it is important to gain a deeper insight into the innovation process. Innovation-driven enterprises are a specific group of innovating firms, which are special in that they achieved rapid revenue growth in their innovation-oriented business in the 2010–2019 business cycle. In our research, we explore what factors influence rapid growth among innovative firms. Our results indicate that the factors supporting growth were rising technological and human capital levels, increasing export intensity and improving access to venture capital, while the credit financing at low interest rate that characterised the previous decade did not lead to rapid growth in the distinctive innovation-driven segment. Innovative enterprises are typically robust companies with strong indicators and in many cases (entrepreneurial capacities, attitudes or perception of the market) they show similarities to enterprises in the innovation-driven group.
Integration of Virtual Reality-Enhanced Motor Imagery and Brain-Computer Interface for a Lower-Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton Robot
Authors: Lin Chih-Jer , Sie Ting-Yi
Published: June 2024

In this study, we integrated virtual reality (VR) goggles and a motor imagery (MI) brain-computer interface (BCI) algorithm with a lower-limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robot (LLRER) system. The MI-BCI system was integrated with the VR goggles to identify the intention classification system. The VR goggles enhanced the immersive experience of the subjects during data collection. The VR-enhanced electroencephalography (EEG) classification model of a seated subject was directly applied to the rehabilitation of the LLRER wearer. The experimental results showed that the VR goggles had a positive effect on the classification accuracy of MI-BCI. The best results were obtained with subjects in a seated position wearing VR, but the seated VR classification model cannot be directly applied to rehabilitation triggers in the LLRER. There were a number of confounding factors that needed to be overcome. This study proposes a cumulative distribution function (CDF) auto-leveling method that can apply the seated VR model to standing subjects wearing exoskeletons. The classification model of seated VR had an accuracy of 75.35% in the open-loop test of the LLRER, and the accuracy of correctly triggering the rehabilitation action in the closed-loop gait rehabilitation of LLRER was 74%. Preliminary findings regarding the development of a closed-loop gait rehabilitation system activated by MI-BCI were presented.
Sowing Date and Seed Rate Influence on Septoria Leaf Blotch Occurrence in Winter Wheat
Authors: Almogdad Mohammad , Lukošiūtė-Stasiukonienė Agnė , Semaškienė Roma , Mačiulytė Viktorija
Published: June 2024

Septoria leaf blotch (SLB), caused by Zymoseptoria tritici, is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat. The management of this disease is assisted by selecting a sowing time and seeding density that is less favorable to the pathogen. The aim of this research was to evaluate the severity of SLB on winter wheat cv. ‘Etana’ sown at three different sowing times and three seed rates. The severity assessments were performed on the upper two leaves three times during the growth stages using the phenological growth stage key developed by the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt, and Chemical industry (BBCH), namely stages 37–41, 59–65, and 75. The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was evaluated in each plot. In 2022, seed rates showed significant differences (p = 0.0047), while sowing times did not show significant differences. In contrast, both seed rate and sowing time showed significant effects in 2021 (p = 0.0004 for sowing time and p < 0.0001 for seed rate). During the 2021 growth stage BBCH 75, late sowing times exhibited a significant reduction in SLB on the first leaf. The reduction ranged from 47.0% to 52.6% compared to the optimal sowing time, and from 59.2% to 66.2% compared to the early sowing time. At optimal sowing times (between 11 September and 25 September), seed rates of 400 and 450 seeds/m2 resulted in a low SLB. At late sowing times in 2022, a lower SLB (43.2% compared to the early sowing time) was obtained from seed rates of 400 seeds/m2. No significant interaction was observed between sowing time and seed rate across both study years. In the absence of interaction, the effects of sowing time and seed rate on SLB severity were independent and not additive. In 2022, the highest values of AUDPC were recorded for the early sowing time and the highest seed rate. Increasing the seed rate (450 seeds m−2) gave higher AUDPC at early sowing time with significant differences compared to other seed rates at optimal or late sowing times. In conclusion, our findings highlight the significant influence of sowing time and seed rate on SLB severity in winter wheat. Understanding these factors can inform agricultural practices to better manage SLB. Future research should explore additional agronomic practices and environmental factors to develop comprehensive strategies for SLB management.