bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conocimiento y Práctica de Bioseguridad Post Pandemia
Authors: Guadalupe Meza Luis Darío , Cárdenas Valverde Susan Fabiola , Cárdenas Valverde Juan Carlos , Flores Poma Irina Giovanna , Camarena Hilario Jenny Miriam , Chuquin Berrios Julima Gisella , Huamán Arroyo Gabriela Del Pilar
Published: February 2025

La práctica de bioseguridad post pandemia en jóvenes universitarios es crucial para consolidar hábitos permanentes que protejan la salud pública, preparen ante futuras emergencias sanitarias y fomenten una cultura de responsabilidad colectiva. Factores como la falta de sensibilización, recursos insuficientes, deficiencias en la formación académica y normalización del riesgo limitan el compromiso en su investigación y aplicación. El conocimiento y práctica de bioseguridad en el mundo se basa en la implementación de normas y protocolos que incluyen el uso de equipos de protección personal (EPP), manejo adecuado de desechos, desinfección, esterilización y control de riesgos biológicos, químicos y físicos. En sectores como la salud, ciencia y educación, estas prácticas son esenciales para prevenir infecciones, proteger al personal y garantizar la seguridad en entornos laborales. Su enseñanza y aplicación varían según los recursos, políticas y nivel de sensibilización en cada región, destacando la importancia de la formación continua y la conciencia colectiva para su efectividad. Este estudio busca establecer la relación entre el conocimiento y la práctica de bioseguridad en discentes de una universidad de la sierra central del Perú, planteando que dicha relación es significativa.
Analysis Slope Stability Using RMR and SMR Method in Nupaomba Area Tanantovea Donggala
Authors: Uno Djamal Adi Nugroho , Uno Irianto , Saputra Apriadi , Arum Deno Ambar , Mumin Riqa Permatasyara , Alfaed Moh Rizky Fadel
Published: February 2025

Landslide disasters frequently occur in the Nupabomba area due to its steep slopes and its role as a primary access road for the local community. This study aims to analyze slope stability using the Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Slope Mass Rating (SMR) methods to assess the potential for landslides. The research was conducted at coordinates (Universal Transverse Mercator) UTM 829117.90 â€“ 831853.89 mE and 9920980.82 â€“ 9920308.34 mS. Data collection involved field measurements using the scanline method, focusing on discontinuities, lithology, and rock strength. The results indicate that at Station 01, the slope consists of slate rock with an RQD value of 70% and UCS of 23 MPa. The calculated RMR value is 58, placing it into Class III (fair rock), with an SMR value of 55.4, indicating partially stable conditions. Meanwhile, at Station 02, the slope consists of phyllite rock with an RQD value of 70% and UCS of 52 MPa. The RMR value is 62, classifying it as Class II (good rock), and the SMR value is 61.6, indicating a stable condition. These findings provide crucial insights into the geotechnical characteristics of the area, which are essential for landslide risk mitigation and infrastructure planning. The study highlights the need for continuous monitoring and possible reinforcement strategies, particularly in areas categorized as partially stable. Further research incorporating geotechnical modeling and additional stability analysis is recommended to enhance slope stability predictions and inform mitigation strategies.
Maximum : рабочие тетради к учебнику. Учебное пособие для студентов технических вузов
Authors: Полюдова, Е. Н. , Быкова Е. А. , Филичева Оксана Сергеевна , Овчинникова Наталья Дмитриевна
Published: February 2025

Рекомендовано к печати кафедрой «Иностранный язык» и Ученым советом Академии базовой подготовки Российского университета транспорта Данное пособие представляет комплекс рабочих тетрадей, которые являются сопроводительной частью учебника английского языка «Максимум». Необходимость развития коммуникативной компетентности требует не только тщательной подготовки всех видов речевой деятельности, а также понимание и использование корректных грамматических и стилистических моделей языка. Рабочие тетради разработаны как дополнение основного учебно- го материала для самостоятельной работы и закрепления пройденного материала. Предлагаемые рабочие тетради представляют собой эффективный инструмент для повышения качества обучения английскому языку в контексте его преподавания для студентов технических специальностей. Их систематическое использование в комплексе с основным учебником способствует интегративному развитию речевых навыков и формированию коммуникативной практико-ориентированной компе- тенции в использовании иностранного языка.
Comparison of Global H i and Hα Line Profiles in MaNGA Galaxy Pairs with FAST
Authors: Jin Gaoxiang , Dai Y. Sophia , Cheng Cheng , Xu Cong Kevin , Huang Jia-Sheng , Lin Lihwai
Published: February 2025

We present case studies comparing the global H i and Hα emission line profiles of six galaxy pairs. The six pairs are selected to have different nuclear activities, with two hosting an active galactic nucleus, and in different merging stages—two of each from the premerging, merging, and postmerging stages. We observe their global H i spectra with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope, achieving a noise level of ~0.5 mJy. Five out of the six pair systems have secure detections of H i emissions (signal-to-noise ratio > 10). The H i fraction and star formation efficiency of the six pairs do not deviate from isolated galaxies. For the H i line profiles, common unique asymmetry is observed, indicating disturbances of the atomic gas from the galaxy interaction. The global Hα spectra of the merger systems are constructed from the optical integral field spectroscopic observations by integrating the flux in corresponding line-of-sight velocity bins. The Hα spectra tend to show multiple components in the premerger phase and single-component line profiles in the postmerger systems, while all H i spectra show single-component line profiles regardless of merger stages. The H i and Hα spectra show offsets in the central velocities, which appear to decrease from >100 km s−1 in the premerger pair to <10 km s−1 in the postmergers. This trend is consistent with the scenario that, despite the significantly different distributions and kinematics of the atomic and ionized gases, the merging process may contribute to the mixing and eventually align various gas contents.
Fractality of Magnetic Helicity Distribution in the Solar Corona
Authors: Xiong Anda , Yang Shangbin , Wang Quan , Liu Xin
Published: February 2025

We find a universal power-law scaling of magnetic helicity distribution in the solar corona. Magnetic helicity is a dynamical invariant for ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and characterizes complex magnetic field structure by measuring the degree of knottiness of its field lines. We treat turbulent solar magnetic field as a superposition of random waves and develop a statistical topology method regarding the randomly tangled field lines. Based on the statistical behavior of the field lines, we consider their topology-specified structure and theoretically derive power laws for the distribution of magnetic flux and helicity. We find a power law of  −7/4 to the magnetic helicity distribution when the field line topology is equivalent to handle and  −5/4 when the field line topology is local open curve. We verify the universality of this new magnetic helicity fractality by observation to a number of 185 sunspots in newly emerging active regions during the 23rd and 24th solar cycle. This new distribution law reveals the fractal structure of the solar magnetic field.
Study on the Responses in the Transition Region of Coronal Extreme-ultraviolet Waves
Authors: Wang Xiaoqian , Zheng Ruisheng , Liu Yihan , Zhang Xuechao , Zhang Liang , Li Jun , Chen Yao
Published: February 2025

Coronal extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) waves are globally propagating disturbances in the solar atmosphere. The existence of coronal EUV waves was predicted by chromospheric Moreton–Ramsey waves. It is widely accepted that Moreton–Ramsey waves represent the chromospheric imprints of coronal EUV waves that compress downward during their lateral propagations. Hence, coronal EUV waves should inevitably compress the interlayer between the corona and the chromosphere, the transition region (TR), before reaching the chromosphere. However, the responses in the TR of coronal EUV waves lack enough attention. Here, we focus on the wave signatures in He ii 304 Å for a sample of 640 coronal EUV waves from 2010 to 2021, aiming to establish a “bridge” connecting coronal EUV waves and chromospheric Moreton–Ramsey waves. It is found that ∼14.4% of all coronal EUV waves have TR responses, and ∼34.5% of “disk events” with TR responses have chromospheric imprints. We specifically analyze the wave front characteristics of disk events with TR responses (58). Statistical analysis shows that TR responses for coronal EUV waves have an average speed of 495.58 ± 27.62 km s−1, an average duration of 488.4 ± 12 s, an average angular width of 71

.

°

22, and an average intensity enhancement ratio (IER) of 30.39%. Moreover, all TR responses with chromospheric imprints display a greater inclination angle (>50°) and a larger IER (>30%). All the results suggest that TR responses can be indicators of missing Moreton–Ramsey waves and clarify the resolution of the mystery of the rarity of Moreton–Ramsey waves.
Coronary artery echocardiogram in the adult patient and its role in multimodality imaging: examples of different clinical settings and a case report
Authors: Kunev B. , Dineva S. , Aleksandrov A. , Mateev H.
Published: February 2025

Congenital coronary artery anomalies and acquired coronary artery pathologies are increasingly identiﬁ ed by different imaging modalities. Abnormal aortic origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus is estimated at 0.7%. Echocardiography may have an incremental value in these complex patients often requiring multimodality diagnostic approach. We present the case of a female patient with a single coronary artery identiﬁ ed by angiography with left main course between the aorta and right ventricular outﬂ ow tract. We also brieﬂ y list a number of different clinical scenarios in patients with structurally normal hearts, with congenital heart disease and patients after cardiac surgery or interventions. These are exempliﬁ ed by different echocardiographic, angiographic and tomographic images. 
The role of the complex approach in the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with a midventricular gradient
Authors: Varnaliyska H. , Stoycheva R. , Popova A. , Dimitrov D. , Osmanov A. , Groudeva V. , Trendafilova D.
Published: February 2025

We present a clinical case of a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) characterized by an inverted septal curvature phenotype, accompanied by angina and presyncope symptoms. Patients with this type of presentation remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to their association with midventricular obstruction, apical aneurysm formation, and an increased risk of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Their treatment and follow-up require a multidisciplinary approach to improve quality of life and prognosis. Various imaging modalities were applied in this case, confirming the presence of severe left ventricular hypertrophy, posterior wall hypertrophy of the right ventricle, and a midventricular gradient. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated fibrosis involving approximately 25% of the myocardium. The patient was stratified as high-risk patient for SCD. To improve the patient’s quality of life and prognosis, pharmacological therapy was optimized, and an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) was placed.
Genomic variants and epidemiology of atherosclerosis – worldwide correlation analysis and utilization of atherosclerosis gene variants for identification of drug target candidates with bioinformatics approach
Authors: Amukti D.P. , Irham L.M. , Surono S. , Adikusuma W. , Chong R. , El Khair R. , Purwanto B.D. , Satria R.D. , Ates I. , Khairi S. , Rungprai D.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of death worldwide. Genetic factors are an integral factor in the cause of AS. This study aims to correlate epidemiological data, prevalence and mortality of AS worldwide with Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with susceptibility and severity in different populations. Hence, utilized the gene variants to discover potential drug targets using bioinformatics. Material and methods: This study used a secondary data-driven bioinformatics approach to analyze the correlation between genetic variants associated with AS and epidemiological data from different regions of the world. Genetic data were obtained from the GWAS Catalog, while epidemiological data were collected from WHO and Our World in Data. The analysis was performed by ﬁ ltering SNPs based on several criteria, namely the missense variant category, signiﬁ cant p-value < 10-5, and prediction of variant impact using PolyPhen (Possibly Damaging) and SIFT (Deleterious). The correlation between allele frequency and AS prevalence and mortality was analyzed using the Pearson test. Results: The results of the study obtained three missense variants rs11466653 in TLR10, rs2296172 in MACF1 and rs6025 in F5. at rs11466653 has a role in the pathogenesis of AS with analysis using SNPnexus which shows the possibility of damaging (PolyPhen) and deleterious (SIFT) properties in addition to the results of the correlation test signiﬁ cant to the prevalence and mortality of global AS (p < 0.05). Due to the challenge of drugging all potential target genes, our study was only able to identify the F5 gene as a viable target. The results of the identiﬁ cation of candidate drugs targeting the F5 gene indicate that copper has the potential to be used in the treatment of AS. This assessment is based on a scoring analysis where the drug obtained a score of 6 indicating excellent quality or suitability in the context of drug repurposing for AS treatment. Conclusion: The ﬁ ndings in this study will encourage efforts to improve AS diagnosis and early treatment, as well as increase public awareness of the importance of genetic factors and lifestyle in preventing this disease. This study can also be a reference for further research focusing on genetic intervention and development of personalized therapy for AS. Therefore it can provide broader beneﬁ ts for global public health.
Two new aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) from field crops of South America
Authors: Tomanović Željko , Kocić Korana , Belén Forte Sofía , Nazareno Lentini Joel , del Pilar Medialdea María , Noemí Villar Camila , Bustos Analí , Gayan-Quijano Ana Lia , Peris-Felipo Francisco Javier , Devoto Mariano
Published: February 2025

During two seasons of field sampling in crop fields in Argentina, a total of 2,276 Aphidiinae specimens were collected using Malaise traps positioned in maize, soybean, and wheat fields. Eight known species of aphid parasitoids were identified (Aphidius platensis Brethes, 1913, A. ervi Haliday, 1834, A. rhopalosiphi de Stefani-Perez, 1902, A. uzbekistanicus Luzhetzki, 1960, A. matricariae Haliday, 1834, Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855), Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson, 1880), and Praon gallicum Starý, 1971). Additionally, two new species of aphid parasitoids were discovered, bringing the total to ten species reported from these crops in the country. Here, we describe and provide diagnoses for Aphidius brethessp. nov. and Trioxys pampassp. nov., which is the first record of winged species of the genus Trioxys in South America.
The role of the transcription factor NF-kB in the pathogenesis of inflammation and carcinogenesis. Modulation capabilities
Authors: Moneva-Sakelarieva Maria , Kobakova Yozlem , Konstantinov Spiro , Momekov Georgi , Ivanova Stefka , Atanasova Ventseslava , Chaneva Maria , Tododrov Radoslav , Bashev Nikolay , Atanasov Petar
Published: February 2025

The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) signaling module is a complex and highly interconnected molecular network with important functions in all nucleated cells. Most chronic diseases caused by lifestyle factors appear to be related to inflammation. The NF-kB plays a major role in the pathogenesis of the inflammation and its intimate molecular mechanism. This transcription factor participates in the evolution of diabetes and its complications. In T1D (Type 1 Diabetes), proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and CD40L secreted by immune cells in islets induce the activation of NF-kB in β-cells through both canonical and noncanonical roads. NF-kB activation increases the expression of genes, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and ICAM-1, that initiate and promote atherosclerosis. In particular, the severity and lethality of acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) caused by pneumonia or sepsis is primarily associated with an NF-kB-mediated “cytokine storm,” in which massive polymorphonuclear (PMN) extravasation and the subsequent release of cytokines cause rapid deterioration due to widespread inflammation and coagulation. Nuclear translocation of NF-kB p65 can induce the transcription of several genes involved in the induction of EMT (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition). This has been confirmed in various types of cancer, including brain, breast, lung, and gastric cancer. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) encompasses a group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by invasive neoplastic T cells in the skin and various clinical prognoses. In the early stages of CTCL, NF-kB activation and cell proliferation are stimulated by the autocrine production of TNFα, leading to increased NF-kB activation and resistance to apoptosis. Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary cancer and is often recurrent and/or chemoresistant after tumor resection. NF-kB is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in normal physiology and bladder cancer. Bladder cancer patients have pathologically active NF-kB induced by proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and hypoxia, enhancing carcinogenesis and progression of the disease.
The influence of the moment of training of future early childhood education teachers on their digital teaching competencies
Authors: Romero-Tena Rosalía , León-Garrido Antonio , Gutiérrez-Castillo Juan Jesús
Published: February 2025

The technological training of Early Childhood Education students is essential for the development of their Digital Teaching Competences (DTC), and are crucial for their future work as teachers. The aim of the present study is to assess the level of digital competence of students and to analyze the differences between two universities that provide this training at different moments during the degree (1st and 4th years), considering variables such as sex, age, teaching experience, and the use of technology. The methodology used was quasi-experimental, with a pretest and posttest design, using the DigCompEdu questionnaire to measure self-perception of DTC. The results showed that after the training, the students perceived themselves as having a lower level of digital competence as compared to their estimated level before the training. Likewise, it was found that the first-year students had a greater self-perception of their digital competence as compared to the fourth-year students. In addition, the previous teaching experience and the frequent use of technologies significantly influenced the perception of the students in their last year of the degree. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of having didactic maturity, as well as training that includes both pedagogic and technological knowledge, so that future Early Childhood Education teachers fully develop their digital competences. This underlines the need for educational programs that into account the level of maturity of the students, and that promote technical and pedagogic skills that will result in the creation of enriching and meaningful learning environments.
Problème du rapport aux textes en philosophie des mathématiques : Husserl, Cavaillès, Desanti
Authors: Peter Romain
Published: February 2025

La pratique de la philosophie des mathématiques
impose d’ajuster le plan des sources textuelles à celui des concepts.
Le rapport entre ces deux plans n’est pourtant pas fréquemment
thématisé par les philosophes des mathématiques, et sa prise en
compte, même partielle, laisse souvent dans l’ombre des problèmes qui
revêtent une importance épistémologique certaine. Nous nous
intéresserons à trois philosophes chez lesquels une telle
thématisation est observable, afin de déterminer ce que leur pratique
peut laisser subsister de problématique dans le rapport aux textes.
Chez Husserl, il s’agira d’examiner comment la prise en compte de la
chair linguistique des idéalités est malgré tout solidaire d’une
exclusion des textes mathématiques de la scène philosophique. Chez
Cavaillès, on s’attachera à déterminer ce qui règle son usage de
sources textuelles abondantes pour questionner le parti pris
méthodologique d’une lecture rétrospective. Chez Desanti enfin, nous
nous pencherons sur le principe méthodologique d’installation dans une
théorie mathématique, afin de questionner la teneur exacte des
mouvements internes qui peuvent être dégagés par les philosophes.
Sont-ils réellement discernables de mouvements de récurrence propres
au genre de texte qui est choisi pour support d’analyse (en
l’occurrence le traité synthétique) ? Ces analyses n’auront pas pour
but de disqualifier ces pratiques de la philosophie des mathématiques,
mais plutôt de souligner l’intérêt que pourrait avoir une analyse du
lien fonctionnel qui unit une pratique et les options philosophiques
qu’elle est amenée à dégager.
L’IA au cœur de la remise en question des méthodologies actuelles d’enseignement-apprentissage des langues et des cultures – Vers une didactique réticulaire
Authors: Martinez Pierre
Published: February 2025

L’hypothèse de départ de ce texte est que la réflexion sur la question méthodologique en didactique des langues et des cultures ne prend son sens que si elle dépasse justement le périmètre méthodologique. Il s’agit de voir plus large : comprendre sur quel empan l’IA va s’imposer, comment elle va s’inscrire dans un paysage éducatif et, par là même, civilisationnel qu’elle aura, à sa mesure, transformé. Il faut commencer par s’attacher à son analyse, ce qu’on fera sous trois angles : l’idéologie, la temporalité, l’être-au-monde. Dans un deuxième temps, et à la lumière de ces observations, on envisagera de préciser dans quelles conditions l’innovation pourra pénétrer les dispositifs éducatifs, en s’attachant spécifiquement au cas des langues et des cultures. Quelques conclusions, à la suite, ne sauraient être que des ouvertures.
Virtual Exchange, Critical Language Pedagogy, and Deep Learning
Authors: Brinckwirth Anton Theodore , Hernández-Alvarado Martha Guadalupe
Published: February 2025

This chapter examines the transformative potential of an international virtual exchange project. Co-designed and facilitated by two language teachers, one in Mexico and the other in the United States, this project exemplifies the power of collaboration in teaching and learning world languages. Virtual exchange is a dynamic and engaging approach that allows students to build proficiency with a language partner while fostering connections with native speakers. It offers enhanced immersion and practice opportunities. The pedagogical objectives included creating diverse and inclusive classrooms where students could develop proficiency in the target language and cultural competence. Additionally, the instructors integrated principles of critical language pedagogy and deeper learning strategies to help students understand transmigration and the U.S.-Mexico border crisis as social justice issues.
AI-Driven IoT (AIIoT)-Based Decision-Making System for High BP Patient Healthcare Monitoring
Authors: Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat
Published: February 2025

There is the potential for the KSK1 method to blood pressure patient healthcare monitoring, which is driven by artificial intelligence and is based on the Internet of Things, to completely transform the way hypertension is managed. It makes it possible to monitor patients in a precise and real-time manner, as well as to personalize treatment regimens, empower patients, and give medical professionals the capacity to make decisions based on reliable information. We should anticipate a considerable improvement in the treatment of hypertension and other chronic illnesses as a result of additional breakthroughs in this technology. For the purpose of determining how effective classifiers are, three measures are utilized. When it comes to measures, accuracy, precision, and recall are all included. In the field of healthcare provided by BP, the KSK1 technique that is currently being utilized achieves an accuracy rate that ranges from 89% to 92% for each condition.
Lung Cancer Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Aarti  , Karling Saurabh , Swathi A.
Published: February 2025

Since lung cancer is a dangerous illness that affects a large number of people, early detection and treatment are essential. The precise kind and location of the cancer within the body determine which treatment interventions are best. Early detection of lung cancer cells increases the likelihood of a successful course of therapy, especially in the early stages prior to metastasis. Since the results of present methods are frequently erratic and time-consuming, the creation of a computer-aided system for early cancer detection is important. The problem still exists despite earlier attempts by researchers. A potential remedy is Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which show improved precision and efficacy in differentiating between instances with and without cancer. With remarkable validation accuracy and precision of 94% and 95%, respectively, the CNN architecture provides an effective tool for prompt and precise diagnosis.
Application of Metaheuristic Algorithms in the Availability-Centered Preventive Maintenance Optimization of Coal-Fired Power Plants
Authors: Bose Goutam Kumar , Das Adhikary Debasis , Pain Pritam
Published: February 2025

This book chapter explores the application of metaheuristic algorithms in optimizing availability-centered preventive maintenance for coal-fired power plants, with a specific case study from India. The study develops an optimization model aimed at enhancing the availability of plant operations while minimizing maintenance costs. The model is optimized using three advanced metaheuristic algorithms: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), and Bee Colony Optimization (BCO). Each algorithm's effectiveness is evaluated based on its ability to achieve the desired balance between maximizing plant availability and reducing maintenance expenditures. The results demonstrate that the proposed model, when optimized using these algorithms, significantly improves operational availability and reduces maintenance costs. The findings highlight the potential of metaheuristic algorithms as powerful tools for maintenance optimization in industrial settings, offering valuable insights for enhancing the reliability, availability and cost-effectiveness of coal-fired power plants.
Enhancing Smart Grid Efficiency
Authors: Sharma Brij Bhushan , Kumar Ravinder , Sharma Ruchika
Published: February 2025

The incorporation of Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain technologies in smart grids has completely transformed the energy industry, greatly improving efficiency, security, and dependability. IoT devices provide instantaneous monitoring and control, enhancing the efficiency of energy distribution and utilisation. Blockchain simultaneously guarantees the integrity, security, and transparency of data by utilising a decentralised ledger, which promotes trust and reduces the likelihood of cyber-attacks. This paper examines the collective influence of these technologies on smart grids, encompassing the possible use of fuzzy set theory to enhance decision-making in situations of ambiguity. This article examines the possibilities of IoT, Blockchain, and fuzzy logic in developing energy infrastructures that are both sustainable and resilient, based on an analysis of current advancements and global practices.
Investigating the Lexical Associations in the L3 Italian Mental Lexicon
Authors: Kuzu Cumhur , Cangır Hakan
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the lexical associations in the mental lexicon of L3 Italian learners with L1 Turkish background, a topic rarely explored in the literature. Employing a word association task with adjective and noun cues, the study compares the responses of L3 learners to those of L1 Italian speakers. Results reveal distinct patterns: L3 learners tend towards collocational associations with adjective cues, while L1 speakers favour semantic relations. For noun cues, both groups show semantic associations, but L1 speakers demonstrate more nuanced and advanced lexical choices. While interlingual interference from Turkish or English (L2) proved difficult to ascertain with this dataset including a few instances, future research with tailored methodologies could further explore these influences. Additionally, this study tentatively highlights the importance of L1 reference corpora and learner corpora for language teaching materials, emphasizing their role in fostering natural language production and facilitating near-native proficiency in L2 and L3 acquisition.
Measurements of Diffusion Coefficients in Liquid Alloys Using Two Measurement Points of In Situ X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis
Authors: Kobayashi Yoshihiro , Shiinoki Masato , Masaki Tadahiko , Suzuki Shinsuke
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study is to quantify the improvement of diffusion experiments in liquid alloys by using two measurement points of in situ X-ray fluorescence analysis (in situ XRF). The impurity diffusion coefficient of Bi in liquid Sn at 573 K was measured by monitoring the temporal change in the Bi concentration at two fixed points using in situ XRF. In the present study, two XRF measurement points were set in order to determine two unknown parameters that corresponded to the diffusion coefficient and the initial concentration at the measurement point just after complete melting. When only one measurement point is set for in situ XRF, the initial concentration is treated as a variable and the obtained impurity diffusion coefficients of Bi deviated by 20-30% from the reliable reference data. By using two measurement points for in situ XRF, the obtained impurity diffusion coefficient of Bi was (2.44±0.08)×10-9 m2s-1 and agreed with the reference data in the reported uncertainty of ±10%.
Multicomponent Diffusion in Seven- and Eight-Component Silicate Melts
Authors: Zhang You Xue
Published: February 2025

Natural silicate melts (i.e., magmatic liquids) contain 5 to 10 major oxide components. Hence, diffusion in natural melts is always multi-component diffusion with manifestations such as uphill diffusion. However, complexities in rigorous treatment of multicomponent diffusion made geochemists shy away from treating such diffusion in the past. My group has been working on multicomponent diffusion in seven-and eight-component silicate melts for about 10 years. We started with multicomponent diffusion in a seven-component system (SiO2-TiO2-Al2O3-MgO-CaO-Na2O-K2O) and obtained the 66 diffusion matrix [1]. Then we focused on a synthetic mid-ocean ridge basalt with eight components (SiO2-TiO2-Al2O3-FeO-MgO-CaO-Na2O-K2O) [2,3] because basalt is the most abundant volcanic melt in the Earth. From experimental data, we obtained 77 diffusion matrix at three temperatures, and found that the eigenvector matrix is roughly invariant with temperature and each of the seven eigenvalues depends on temperature following the Arrhenius relation. This provides a formulation to calculate the diffusion matrix at any temperature within the experimental temperature range. Furthermore, we hypothesize that the diffusion eigenvectors are independent of melt compositions [4,5]. Therefore, we can examine diffusion in silicate melts in eigen-component space, and each eigenvalue is the diffusion coefficient for its corresponding eigen-component. Our preliminary examination of literature data shows that most data are consistent with the hypothesis. We are beginning to develop an online tool to model multicomponent diffusion in natural silicate melt using the eigen-component approach [5]. Here, I report these developments for the broader diffusion community and present future perspectives.
Thermodynamic Modeling of Iron Ore Reduction Using Synthesis Gas
Authors: Dmitriev Andrey N. , Barbin Nikolay M. , Burova Yulia E. , Vitkina Galina Yu.
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the results of an investigation into the reduction processes of iron ore titanomagnetite pellets using synthesis gas. The thermodynamic modelling was carried out using the TERRA software package. Synthesis gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2), as well as other gases such as CO2 and N2. It is primarily used in the production of liquid fuels and chemical products, and is produced through the initial conversion of natural gas and coal fuel. The TERRA software package was used to model and predict chemical and phase transformations in pellets during reduction. The model takes into account the influence of temperature, hydrogen concentration, and other parameters on the reduction kinetics. Calculations were carried out with different gas mixtures and conditions to evaluate the model's effectiveness. The thermodynamic model constructed corresponds to the literature and calculated data and can be used to optimize the reduction process under various production conditions.
Performance Characterization of Cascade Mr-Joule-Thomson Refrigeration System Based on Refrigerant Charge Level
Authors: Choi Chan Ho , Bae Jong Woo , Seol Sung Hoon , Son Chang Hyo , Yoon Jung In
Published: February 2025

Demands for ultra-low temperature refrigeration systems have been increasing in various fields such as recent LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) ship BOG (Boil-off Gas) re-liquefaction processes. For the criteria of LNG tankers, the system is essential for mitigating the pressure increase of LNG storage tanks due to BOG. Therefore, this paper optimized the refrigerant charge level of an ultra-low temperature refrigeration system using the Cascade MR-Joule-Thomson. The novelty of this study stems from introducing the dimensionless number called Charge level to optimize the refrigerant charge amount of ultra-low temperature refrigerators using the Cascade MR-Joule-Thomson refrigeration cycle. Experimental results showed that as the refrigerant charge amount increased, the absolute amount of refrigerant within the limited volume increased, leading to an increase in both the suction and discharge pressures of the system. Additionally, the cooling capacity also showed an increasing trend. In contrast, the discharge temperature and cooling time exhibited a decreasing trend. Based on these results, the optimal refrigerant charge amount was determined.
Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Nurses Professional Values Scale-3 for nursing students: a methodological study
Authors: Yang Eun Hee , Yu Mi
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study aimed to adapt the Nurses Professional Values Scale-3 (NPVS-3) for Korean nursing students and assess its reliability and validity.Methods: The NPVS-3 was translated into Korean using forward and back translation with expert review. Data from 206 nursing students at four universities were analyzed to assess content, construct, discriminant, and criterion validity, as well as internal consistency.Results: The Korean version (NPVS-3K) consisted of 21 items in three subscales: caring (eight items), activism (eight items), and professionalism (five items), explaining 60.9% of the total variance. For convergent validity, standardized coefficients for the items ranged from .56 to .81, construct reliability ranged from .89 to .95, and the average variance extracted ranged from .61 to .72. The model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (χ2=526.00 [p<.001], χ2/degrees of freedom=2.83, standardized root mean residual=.03, goodness of fit index=.81, comparative fit index=.87, Turker Lewis index=.85). Discriminant validity was confirmed using a multi-trait and multi-item matrix. Criterion validity showed positive correlations between the three NPVS-3K factors and professional identity (factor 1: r=.40, p<.001; factor 2: r=.55, p<.001; factor 3: r=.43, p<.001). Internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach’s α, was .94 overall, with subscale values of .90 for caring, .92 for activism, and .78 for professionalism.Conclusion: The NPVS-3K demonstrated satisfactory validity and reliability, establishing it as a valuable tool for assessing the professional values of Korean nursing students. Additionally, it can aid in developing educational strategies to strengthen these values, although further research is required to confirm its broader applicability.
Understanding Dissociative (Conversion) Disorder in Adolescents: A Theoretical Exploration of Dissociation in Response to Developmental Stress
Authors: Humtsoe Marinella M. , Deuri Sonia P.
Published: February 2025

Dissociative (Conversion) disorder (hereafter, DCD) in adolescents manifests as a complex interplay between psychological distress and physical symptoms, such as psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, episodes of unresponsiveness, tremors, and other unexplained physical symptoms. These physical presentations, without a clear medical basis, often signal underlying psychological distress and have drawn growing interest, particularly concerning how developmental stressors may trigger dissociative responses in adolescents. Adolescence is marked by profound physical, emotional, and social transitions. For some adolescents, the cumulative pressures from these developmental demands can exceed their coping capacities, leading them to employ dissociation as a defense mechanism. This article employs a systematic approach to identifying, analyzing, and synthesizing relevant literature on the theoretical frameworks that link developmental stress, adolescent psychological challenges, and the emergence of dissociative responses. It offers a cohesive understanding of DCD in the context of adolescent stress and coping dynamics.
Study of Family Functioning as a Predictor of Quality of Life in Caregivers of Individuals with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome
Authors: Kalra Hunny , Tung Suninder
Published: February 2025

Background:

Caring for Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) patients significantly impacts caregivers’ quality of life (QOL). This study, rooted in Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional Model, explores the pivotal role of family functioning (FF) in navigating caregiving stressors.

Materials and Methods:

A sample of 128 primary caregivers for ADS patients were collected from two psychiatric hospitals in Amritsar, Punjab. Data were collected using assessment tools such as the World Health Organization QOL–BREF and Family Assessment Device and were analyzed through Pearson product-moment correlation and regression analysis.

Results:

Negative correlations across various FF domains in caregivers were observed, emphasizing the pervasive impact of family dynamics on well-being. The overall FF score demonstrated significant negative associations with specific QOL dimensions, indicating the multifaceted influence of FF. In addition, the linear regression analysis highlighted the robust predictive capacity of the overall FF score in influencing caregivers’ QOL (β = −0.603). FF contributed significantly, explaining 36% of the variance in QOL among ADS caregivers.

Conclusions:

Addressing challenges in specific FF domains, such as problem-solving and communication, can enhance overall QOL. The robust predictive capacity of the overall FF score emphasizes the need for holistic approaches, urging clinicians to integrate family-focused interventions into ADS treatment plans.
Health-related quality of life association with sociodemographic characteristics among children under-five with Down syndrome in Western Region Secondary Care Hospitals, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almalki Shrouq R. , Alotaibi Amjad W. , Albalawi Asheqah M. , Aloufi Malak E. , El-Fatah Nesrin K. Abd
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

The Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of children with Down syndrome (DS) can be significantly affected by various physical, social, and cognitive elements. There is a scarcity of research on the HRQoL of Saudi children and its correlation with sociodemographic factors. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the HRQoL of children under the age of 5 years with DS in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

The study included children under 5 years with DS who were receiving care at secondary care hospitals in Taif, Mecca, and Jeddah. The children were accompanied by their parents or caregivers, who provided sociodemographic and child-specific data as well as medical information. They completed a validated TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life (TAPQOL) questionnaire. The association between HRQoL and respondents’ characteristics was assessed using independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Mann–Whitney, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. A multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between the TAPQOL scores and sociodemographic characteristics in children under the age of 5 years children with DS.

Results:

A total of 460 responded to the questionnaire. The overall HRQoL score was high. The scores for physical functioning were relatively high, particularly for motor functioning (mean = 86.64) and skin health (mean = 85.68). In addition, social functioning exhibited a lower level, with a significant difference (mean = 25.29). The cognitive functioning scores exhibited variability, with communication scoring relatively high (mean = 76.68), while positive mood (mean = 19.51) and liveliness (mean = 21.25) were significantly low. There was a significant correlation between the educational level and occupation of both fathers and mothers and their HRQoL. Specifically, individuals with higher education and stable employment had better HRQoL scores. Parents’ health also has an impact on HRQoL, with children of parents without comorbidities scoring higher. Furthermore, there was a significant association between higher sociodemographic levels of parents and improved HRQoL of the patients.

Conclusions:

The level of HRQoL among children with DS was high, particularly in the physical and cognitive domains. The sociodemographic factors of parents, specifically the level of education and occupation of fathers, have been identified as essential factors influencing HRQoL. Providing increased economic and educational support for families has a significant positive impact on the quality of life for these children.
Role of eye screening camp in detecting systemic diseases and promoting health-seeking behaviour in the rural population – A multi-centre study
Authors: Bhat Archana , Murali Kaushik , Paritekar Prajakta , Fathima Nafees , Gudimetla Jayamadhuri , Thulasidas Mithun , Likhitha K
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

The ‘Gift of Vision’, a rural outreach eye programme, is a doorstep-to-doorstep programme that includes identification of curable eye ailments, logistical transport, and surgery at a base hospital. As part of these screening camps, a cursory systemic examination is conducted to identify systemic conditions that could increase morbidity while the patient is undergoing treatment for their eye conditions at the hospital. The purpose of the study was to analyse the benefit of outreach eye screening camps towards the 2030 agenda of promoting health and well-being in rural India.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective observational multi-centric study included patients attending eye camps and declared systemically unfit for cataract surgery, who were subjected to a structured questionnaire via a telephonic interview from April 2023 to December 2023. Patients’ health seeking behaviour and barriers to healthcare were analysed.

Results:

A total of 7906 patients from 35 camps were screened for cataract. A total of 1340 were found to be ‘unfit’ for surgery. A total of 606 patients responded to our telephonic interview. A total of 524 (86.5%) patients visited a primary health care physician for systemic treatment, and 466 (76%) were compliant with the medications. A total of 179 (29.5%) patients were newly detected with systemic comorbidity during outreach screening. Ignorance, time constraints, domestic issues, lack of family support, financial issues, and lack of transport were the common barriers to seeking healthcare.

Conclusion:

Outreach screening not only helps in improving vision in people with visual impairment in rural India but also provides opportunities to enforce health seeking behaviour for systemic comorbidities aligned to Sustainable Development Goal 3.
A prospective study identifying breast-feeding problems in lactating mothers in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Upadhye Jayshree J. , Parate Smita K. , Upadhye Aditi J. , Zade Rasika Dilip
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

There are numerous benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and babies and the community. However, many mothers discontinue breastfeeding because of the problems they encounter. The objective of this study was to find out the problems feeding mothers frequently face in the first 6 months after delivery and if feasible, correct them.

Material and Methods:

300 postpartum mothers took part in a prospective study from July to December 2023 at a tertiary care center.

Results:

In the present study, 135 (45%) subjects had delivery by cesarean section, 15 (5%) had an operative vaginal delivery, and 150 (50%) had a vaginal delivery. Sixty-six (22%) subjects initiated breastfeeding the baby within 2 hours of delivery; 213 (71%) subjects did it between 2 and 6 hours after delivery; 18 (6%) subjects did so between 6 and 24 hours after delivery. 216 babies (72%) had improper latching, 99 babies (33%) babies sleep while sucking, 24 babies (8%) had oral thrush, 27 babies (9%) had vomiting after feeding, 60 babies (20%) were low birth weight, while no baby (0%) had cleft lip. Eighteen mothers (6%) had sore nipples, 15 mothers (5%) complained of shooting pain during breastfeeding, 198 mothers (66%) had short or retracted nipples, 21 mothers (7%) had inadequate milk, 9 mothers (3%) had engorged breasts, while 3 mothers (1%) had mastitis.

Conclusion:

Improper latching due to short nipples is the most common problem. Education will minimize most of the feeding problems.