bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Soil Quality and Health Sustainability of Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao) Crop in Two Production Systems, Morona, Santiago, Ecuador
Authors: Haro Juan , Chillogallo Maribel , Carrillo William , Haro Carla , Jara Cristian
Published: December 2024

The productive evaluation of cocoa in this research is proposed through an assessment of soil quality and crop health in an organic production system (SPO) Taisha canton and a conventional production system (SPCv) Morona canton. Methodology: Altieri and Nicholls establish a diagnosis of chemical, physical, biological and health indicators, with weightings high (10), medium (5) and low (1). Results: SPO soil quality, reflects weights 10 (high) for ammonium ion, zinc, copper, iron, manganese, moisture retention, biological activity, compaction, apparent density, residue status, color, organic matter, root development, erosion incidence; 5 (medium) potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur, pH, texture; 1 (low) magnesium, boron, topsoil depth, for crop health values ​​of 10 (high) appearance, crop growth, stress resistance or tolerance, weed competition, agrosilvopastoral system, plant diversity and management system, 5 (medium) potential yield, incidence of pests and diseases. The SPCv soil quality presented a weighting of 10 (high) for nitrogen, zinc, copper, iron, biological activity, compaction, bulk density, color, organic matter, root development, erosion incidence; 5 (medium) manganese, pH, texture, moisture retention, residue status; 1 (low) potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, topsoil depth; crop health 10 (high) crop appearance and growth, stress resistance or tolerance, weed competition, agrosilvopastoral system, plant diversity, management system, potential yield, 5 (medium) incidence of pests and diseases, 1 (low) surrounding natural diversity. Conclusions: The SPO for soil quality: 7.41 and for crop health: 7.59 weighted as sustainable, while the SPCv for soil quality: 6 and crop health: 6.76, resulting in a moderately sustainable production system.
Millennial generation's steps: weaving cultural heritage through pambiwara courses at Permadani studio
Authors: Sudarsana Sudarsana , Wijaya Mahendra , Pujihartati Sri Hilmi , Marimin Marimin , Adi Yustia Atsanatrilova
Published: December 2024

The millennial generation in Surakarta faces the imperative need to preserve and fortify the essence of Javanese culture amidst the pervasive forces of globalization driven by internet technology. The emergence of Permadani Studio is perceived as a means to aid millennials in understanding and cherishing local culture. However, what is the social structure within the studio and how does it contribute to the preservation of Javanese culture?. This study adopted a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews and Focus Discussion Groups to explore the role of Permadani Studio in maintaining the richness of Javanese culture among the millennial generation in Surakarta. Data analysis employed descriptive qualitative methods and Anthony Giddens' structuration theory framework to comprehend the interplay between social structure and individual action in the context of cultural preservation. Through the lens of Anthony Giddens' social structuralism approach, the Pambiwara courses at Permadani Studio demonstrate how social structures, such as Javanese cultural norms and values, shape the institutional framework for cultural preservation. Millennials and course instructors are active agents in rejuvenating cultural preservation practices tailored to their era, showcasing the intricate interaction between structure and agency in safeguarding cultural heritage. These findings underscore the significance of collaboration between social structure and individual agents in addressing the challenges posed by globalization to preserve local culture.
Copyright Protection of Cinematographic Works Due to Piracy of Spoiler Films Through the TikTok Application
Authors: Amrullah Muchlis , Wahyuni Ridha
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze legal protection and legal remedies due to spoiler film piracy through the Tiktok application, referring to Law No. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. The phenomenon of violations of film spoiler practices in the form of content through the TikTok platform has a negative impact on creators or copyright holders. Both morally and economically. In this case, of course, legal protection of cinematographic works must be enforced. Although legal regulations related to copyright of cinematographic works are available, in reality many people pirate spoiler films. This study uses a normative juridical method by reviewing theories, concepts, legal principles and related laws and regulations. The results of this study conclude that the protection and enforcement of copyright law for cinematographic works in the form of preventive and repressive, by providing licenses, supervision and law enforcement based on the perspective of Law No. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. The study shows that film spoilers in the form of content on the Tiktok application are very easy to use and the government is not firm in supervising electronic system providers, in this case Tiktok. Therefore, more effective supervision and law enforcement are needed to combat future film spoilers.
Implementation of The Justice Restoration System Towards Labor Crimes in the Framework of Labor Law Enforcement
Authors: Aminy Risya Ainun Zakiyah , Karsona Agus Mulya , Singadimedja Holyness
Published: December 2024

This research is motivated by the need for the application of restorative justice in resolving cases of labor crimes in Indonesia. This approach is considered a more effective alternative in achieving justice that prioritizes recovery and dialogue between perpetrators, victims, and the community concerned. Currently, many cases of labor violations such as below-standard wages, unilateral termination of employment, and violations of basic workers' rights have not been resolved properly through the formal justice system. Therefore, restorative justice is expected to provide a more inclusive and humane solution compared to the retributive approach which only focuses on punishment. This study uses a normative legal method with a literature study approach and descriptive qualitative data analysis. The normative legal method involves an analysis of existing legal principles, theories, and rules. Primary legal materials used include laws and regulations such as the Employment Law and regulations related to restorative justice. Secondary legal materials include scientific literature, articles, and journals related to the topic being studied. While tertiary legal materials consist of legal dictionaries and encyclopedias that support the understanding of the legal concepts discussed. Data collection from various literature, books, journals, and legal documents related to restorative justice and employment law. The results of the study indicate that the application of restorative justice in employment cases can provide a more humane and equitable solution, by prioritizing the restoration of losses experienced by victims and the restoration of social relations in the workplace. However, there are a number of obstacles in its implementation, such as the lack of understanding of law enforcers and limited regulations that support this approach. Based on these findings, this study suggests strengthening the capacity of law enforcers and the preparation of clearer regulations to encourage the optimization of the application of restorative justice in resolving employment crimes. This study is expected to contribute to the development of a more inclusive and responsive law enforcement concept to the needs of the working community in Indonesia.
Mind and Brain: Experience in Developing Fundamental Theoretical Issues of the Hard Problem of Consciousness and Its Significance for Neuroscience
Authors: Dubrovsky David I.
Published: December 2024

The article presents a retrospective analysis of the author’s 70-year contribution to philosophy and science, focusing primarily on the hard problem of consciousness – the relationship between mental phenomena and neurophysiological processes. The author traces his intellectual journey in addressing this fundamental challenge to natural scientific knowledge and presents his conceptual framework, initially developed in the early 1960s. The discussion examines the significant challenges faced in defending an information-based approach to consciousness, particularly during the notable debate with E.V. Ilyenkov and subsequent opposition from his followers who held considerable influence in philosophical circles. Despite ideological pressure and accusations of revisionism, the author successfully advanced his theoretical framework, publishing numerous books and articles that elaborate on his theoretical and methodological approaches to decoding neural correlates of subjective reality. Following the publication of an English-language article outlining his theoretical foundations in a leading international neuroscience journal in 2019, the author received extensive recognition, including invitations to keynote international conferences and join editorial boards of international journals. This response demonstrates the pressing need for theoretical and methodological developments in neuroscience and related disciplines, highlighting a deficit in fundamental theoretical frameworks capable of guiding and integrating empirical research. The article concludes by emphasizing the significance of the information paradigm and its derivative approaches for studying consciousness, mental processes, and genetic aspects of biological functions.
The Issue of Technosubject through the Lens of “Together-with-Complexity” Thinking
Authors: Arshinov Vladimir I. , Yanukovich Maxim F.
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of artificial intelligence and digital technologies has inaugurated a transformative epoch, challenging traditional conceptions of subjectivity and cognition. The article examines the concept of technosubjectivity within the framework of complexity thinking and transformational anthropology. Focusing on potential ontological and epistemological shifts stimulated by the recent emergence of new forms of artificial intelligence, particularly generative neural networks and large language models, the authors investigate how these technologies transcend the boundaries between human and machine, generating novel forms of agency and subjectivity. Drawing upon the works of E. Morin, N. Luhmann, G. Simondon, and G. Spencer-Brown, the authors propose a mediative perspective that reveals the post-anthropological interconnectedness and coevolution of human and technological systems. The outlined approach illuminates the dynamic, processual nature of technosubjectivity as an individuating form that emerges through recursive interactions and communicative acts. The article argues that understanding technosubjectivity requires moving beyond simplifying reductionist paradigms and embracing a relational ontology that acknowledges the distributed and emergent properties of cognition and subjectivity in the digital age. The concept of “thinking-together-with” is employed as an alternative to the traditional cybernetic paradigm of control, enabling a reconceptualization of the relationships between humans and artificial intelligence in terms of horizontal collaboration and mutual enrichment. Special attention is paid to the role of distinction and communication in the process of technosubjectivity formation. The article concludes by examining the ethical and philosophical implications of this new form of subjectivity. The authors advocate for more integrated and collaborative relationships between humans and artificial intelligence, rooted in complexity-oriented thinking and mutual co-formation.
PERSPEKTIF ANTROPOLOGI BUDAYA TRADISI BARITAN MOMENT KEBERSAMAAN DALAM DO’A DALAM PERGANTIAN TAHUN BARU HIJRIYAH
Authors: Maskur Maskur
Published: December 2024

Activities Traditions of glorifying/glorifying the month of Muharam/Suro by Indonesian people regardless of ethnicity, belief (religion) in various regions, both urban and rural communities in parts of the Indonesian nation, carry out various activities or activities that vary according to their respective local wisdom. With the increasing richness of the cultural traditions of Indonesian society, Islam is colored by Islam as the religion adhered to by the majority of society. The contact between Islam and local culture has led to a diversity of traditions with Islamic nuances. Traditions in the month of Muharram in Indonesian society, which are generally carried out on Muharram 1-10, are represented in various forms and various activities. In Sumberagung Pesanggaran and in general the Indonesian community enters the 1st to 10th of Muharom or sweet Friday night (legi) there is a tradition of giving alms takiran/kotaan rice, market snacks, making porridge/jenang suro, giving donations to orphans, the poor. This article describes the diversity of community activity traditions during the month of Muharram/Suro from a historical and cultural perspective
HUBUNGAN ANTARA BODY IMAGE DENGAN SELF ESTEEM PADA PENYANDANG DISABILITAS FISIK DI SENTRA TERPADU PROF. DR. SOEHARSO DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Nur Rachmah Intan , Hartanto Agit Purwo
Published: December 2024

Having physical deficiencies, most of the time,affect the psychology of individuals, especially people with physical impairments. The role of family, community, playmates, and others contribute to the stages of psychological development of individuals with physical impairments. This also has a significant impact on their body image and self-esteem.  People with physical disabilities often face stigmatization, discrimination and unfavorable treatment from society because of their physical differences. According to the some studiesbody image has a great influence on people with physical impairments due totheir physical limitations. Johs and Wardle (2005) (in Stojcic et al., 2020) further discussed that dissatisfaction with body image is associated with depression, stress and low self-esteem. Therefore, the author wants to know The Relationship between Body Image and Self Esteem for People with Physical Disabilities at the Prof. Dr. Soeharso Integrated Center, Surakarta. This research approach uses quantitative correlational. The subjects in this research covers 30 respondents. Meanwhile, the sampling technique uses a total technique. Data collection uses a questionnaire or instrument supporting Body Image and Self-Esteem with a Likert scale measuring instrument that has been modified by eliminating neutral answers. Hypothesis testing in this research uses Product Moment correlation analysis with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program version 23. Based on the Product Moment correlation from Pearson, an rxy was obtained of 0.052 with a significant (2-tailed) p value of 0.00 (p<0.01), indicating that there is a positive relationship between social support and mental career readiness; the rxy value shows a positive direction. This means that the correlation coefficient can be tested by consulting the calculated r with the r product moment table for a significance level of 5% with N= 30 of 0.361. Because r count = 0.052 > r table = 0.361. The results of the correlation coefficient of 0.052 are consulted in the strong category, this is based on the interpretation of the correlation figures.
Managing Circadian Rhythms: A Key to Enhancing Mental Health in College Students
Authors: Yeom Ji Won , Park Soohyun , Lee Heon-Jeong
Published: December 2024

Objective To investigate the impact of circadian rhythm disruptions on mental health among college students and explore effective interventions for maintaining stable circadian rhythms.Methods A comprehensive review of literature was conducted, focusing on sleep patterns, circadian rhythms, and their effects on mental health. Studies were analyzed to identify common factors contributing to circadian misalignment in college students and effective treatments. Data from large-scale studies and specific clinical trials were utilized to understand the relationship between circadian rhythms and psychiatric disorders.Results Disruptions in circadian rhythms were linked to increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Biological changes during adolescence, academic pressures, and extensive use of electronic devices were major contributing factors. Effective interventions included light therapy, chronotherapy, melatonin supplementation, and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia.Conclusion Stable circadian rhythms are crucial for mental health, particularly in college students who are vulnerable to disruptions due to lifestyle factors. Implementing interventions such as regular sleep schedules, light exposure management, and behavioral therapies can significantly improve mental health outcomes. Further research and targeted mental health programs are essential to address circadian misalignment and its associated psychiatric disorders in this population.
Enhancing Mental Illness Predictions: Analyzing Trends Using Multiple Linear Regression and Neural Network Backpropagation
Authors: Riosatria Riosatria , Hairani Hairani , Anggrawan Anthony , Syahrir Moch.
Published: December 2024

The increasing number of mental health cases caused by various factors such as social changes, economic pressures, and technological advancements has made it difficult to accurately predict the number of cases, hindering prevention and early intervention efforts. Therefore, developing more accurate, data-driven predictive models is necessary to improve the effectiveness of prevention and intervention. This study aims to develop a predictive model for the number of mental health cases using Multiple Linear Regression and Neural Network Backpropagation methods. The study employs two predictive methods, Multiple Linear Regression and Neural Network Backpropagation to forecast future trends in the number of mental health cases. The findings reveal that the Neural Network Backpropagation method provides more accurate predictions than Multiple Linear Regression in forecasting mental health case trends. Specifically, the Neural Network Backpropagation method resulted in an MAE of 111.39 and a MAPE of 1.77%, while the Multiple Linear Regression method produced an MAE of 115.24 and a MAPE of 1.83%. Thus, the implication of this study is that the Neural Network Backpropagation method can be utilized to predict trends in the number of mental health cases due to its ability to provide highly accurate predictions.
Transformasi Pelaporan Akuntansi Realtime Berbasis Blockchain Untuk Perkembangan Bisnis
Authors: Saputra Sahdan , Ardiansyah Lalu Yayan , Hayati Ridha Nurul
Published: December 2024

Blockchain sebagai teknologi akan mengubah cara transaksi bisnis terjadi dan pihak-pihak mengelola aset melalui internet. Meskipun secara sederhana digambarkan sebagai buku besar yang terdesentralisasi, teknologi ini menghilangkan perantara transaksi, memiliki potensi dalam menyediakan arus barang dan jasa yang efisien dan hemat biaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan pelaporan akuntansi di Indonesia menggunakan sistem blockchain berdasarkan dari analisis studi literatur. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan studi literatur untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang implementasi transformasi akuntansi berbasis blockchain. Studi literatur merupakan metode dengan pengumpulan data dengan cara memahami dan mempelajari teori-teori dari berbagai literatur yang berhubungan dengan penelitian tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penggunaan blockchain dapat mengurangi biaya administrasi pada proses akuntansi tradisional, seperti biaya verifikasi, reconciling, dan pencatatan manual,  pada bagian kepatuhan terhadap peraturan pada blockchain terdapat fitur Smart Contracts yang dapat diprogram. Faktor – faktor penggunaan blockchain dalam akuntansi antara lain ketidakpahaman tentang teknologi blockchain, regulasi dan kepatuhan, privasi dan keamanan, biaya implementasi, kesiapan industri dan penerimaan, dan kurangnya kasus penggunaan blockchain yang lebih jelas. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran terkait implementasi blockchain untuk pelaporan akuntansi secara realtime melalui fitur – fitur yang disediakan blockchain dan faktor – faktor yang mengakibatkan rendahnya implementasi blockchain pada pelaporan akuntansi untuk perkembangan bisnis.
KİTAP DEĞERLENDİRME – Jovo Miladinović, Sınırdaki Düşman: Osmanlı-Sırp Karşılıklı Askerî İstihbarat Faaliyetleri (1880-1912), Kronik Yayınları, İstanbul 2024, 304 Sayfa, ISBN: 978-625-6774-58-2.
Authors: Hasanoğlu Ergün
Published: December 2024

KİTAP DEĞERLENDİRME

Jovo Miladinović, Sınırdaki Düşman: Osmanlı-Sırp Karşılıklı Askerî İstihbarat Faaliyetleri (1880-1912), Kronik Yayınları, İstanbul 2024, 304 Sayfa, ISBN: 978-625-6774-58-2.
Sustainability and the UK’s Leading Clothing Retailers
Authors: Jones Peter
Published: December 2024

The UK’s clothing retailers have a global reach which embraces a range of elements including, the production of the raw materials, a variety of treatment and manufacturing processes, retailing, and consumption, and all these elements face a variety of environmental and social challenges, which are increasingly in the public eye. With this in mind, this paper offers an exploratory study into how the UK’s leading clothing retailers are publicly addressing sustainability. The paper reveals that the leading clothing retailers addressed a wide range of issues including strategic corporate commitment; climate change and greenhouse gas emissions; environmental protection; the circular economy; protecting workers in supply chains; diversity, equity and inclusion; health and safety; and links with communities and charitable donations. More generally, the author offered three sets of wider reflections, focused on the different meanings of sustainability and the relative importance of business drivers vis-à-vis environmental and social sustainability drivers; the aspirational and expectational nature of many of the selected companies’ approaches to sustainability; and tensions between sustainability and economic growth.
Keywords: Clothing retailers, sustainability, strategy, circular economy, UK
Evaluation of the efficacy and residual activity of Chlorantraniliprole 600 g/L SC against fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith,1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Corn (Zea mays Linnaus, 1753)
Authors: Civelek Hasan Sungur , Yıldırım Eyyüp Mennan
Published: December 2024

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith,1797), (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a polyphagous pest that has a worldwide distribution. It is an invasive species and can cause significant damage to corn. In this study, the effectiveness of four doses (2, 3, 4, and 5 ml/da) of Chlorantraniliprole 600 g/l against S. frugiperda was first investigated. Then, the residue amount of 5ml/da dose of Chlorantraniliprole 600 g/l was determined. Efficacy trials were conducted in arable fields in Adana and Şanlıurfa provinces from August to September 2023 according to the randomized block design with five characters (four doses of the trial insecticide and control) and four replications. Residue experiments were carried out in Adana and Şanlıurfa provinces. When the seventh day counts were evaluated, mortality from the 2 ml/da dose was between 39.67 and 38.84%; mortality from the 3 ml/da dose was between 56.68 and 57.53%; mortality from the 4 ml/da dose was between 75.05 and 77.22%; and mortality from the 5 ml/da dose was between 93.96 and 93.86%. As a result of the sampling, the residue amount of Chlorantraniliprole in corn was found to be below the residue limit determined in Türkiye and Europe. It was concluded that a dose of 5 ml/da of Chlorantraniliprole 600 g/l can be used as an effective dose against S. frugiperda.
Putrescine and boron treatments increase seed quality in Melon (Cucumis melo var. inodorus)
Authors: Adıgüzel Pınar , Karabıyık Şenay , Solmaz İlknur
Published: December 2024

In agriculture, seed quality and high yield are directly related to each other. Hybrid seed production is difficult and expensive, and as it were not enough, the rate of empty seeds at the end of production is high, which reveals the importance of studies in seedling emergence. Empty seed formation is frequently encountered in melons and causes low seed productivity. Efforts to eliminate this situation and improve seed germination and emergence quality will have positive effects on both producers and consumers. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of boron and putrescine on seed number per fruit, seed germination, and seed emergence rates in Cucumis melo var. inodorus. The seeds used in the research were produced from plants of the SR-21 and Sİ-8 genotypes to which boron and putrescine were applied in the spring-summer growing period of 2023. In research, germination and emergence rates, germination and emergence times, germination and emergence index parameters in seeds were investigated. Seed quality parameters were positively affected by boron and putrescine applications, boron increased seed quality compared to the control. Putrescine was the application that had the best effect on seed quality. As a result, it was determined that putrescine (90.16%; 92.83% respectively), boron (83.83%; 94.67% respectively), and boron+putrescine combinations (78.16%; 84.17%) increased the germination and emergence rate compared to the control group (%55, 58.17 respectively or % increases can be given compared to the control group). In conclusion, to produce higher quality seeds, breeders and seed companies could apply putrescine and boron to the plant before hand pollination.
Modelling with Neutrosophic Fuzzy Sets for Financial Applications in Discrete System
Authors:   Department of Applied Mathematics, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India, Alamin Abdul , Biswas Aditi ,   Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Greater Kolkata College of Engineering & Management, West Bengal, India, Gazi Kamal Hossain ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India, Sankar Sankar Prasad Mondal ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, 741249, India
Published: December 2024

A unique branch of philosophy known as "Neutrosophy" describes the nature, genesis and scope of neutralities. F. Smarandache originated the neutrosophic set. As an extension of the intuitionistic set, he showed the degree of indeterminacy as an independent component. The application of the neutrosophic numbers, that is, the financial applications in discrete systems is analysed here. In this research paper, we consider the two cases of the financial applications of the neutrosophic environment with its numerical illustration on the basis of fuzzy difference equations.
Beyond fractures: the role of bedding planes in fluid flow pathways within a well-bedded carbonate sequence
Authors: Delogkos Efstratios , Benedicto Antonio
Published: December 2024

Conventionally, subsurface fluid flow modelling studies have concentrated on the characterization of fracture networks and their capacity to facilitate vertical and lateral fluid movements. This study utilizes unique field observations of oxidation halos in a well-bedded carbonate sequence in the Paris Basin, France, offering new perspectives on fluid flow pathways. It demonstrates that, in addition to fractures, bedding planes also serve as critical conduits for horizontal fluid flow. This research highlights the importance of integrating both fractures and bedding planes to assess connectivity and therefore improve fluid flow models, especially in sedimentary basins. This approach is vital for geoscience and engineering applications, including reservoir management and waste disposal strategies.
Addressing Arbitrary Choices of Frequency of Interest in fNIRS Hyperscanning
Authors: Zhou Xin , Wong Patrick
Published: December 2024

Neuroimaging hyperscanning—the monitoring of brain activity of two or more persons simultaneously—has emerged as a popular tool to uncover the neural mechanisms of social interactions. The use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)—a non-invasive, child-friendly technique tolerant of motion artifacts—has significantly advanced this line of research. Despite its popularity, the field has yet to agree on best practices for quantifying inter-brain connections (IBC) during social interactions, including the frequency of interest (FOI) for signal analysis. Consequently, past research findings have been inconsistent. In this study, we reviewed various methods used and their corresponding FOI results in previous fNIRS hyperscanning research focused on the topics of cooperation, collaboration and/or coordination. Additionally, we proposed a new methodology to quantify FOI that aimed to uncover the origin of synchronization between brains. We tested the proposed method on two independent fNIRS hyperscanning datasets involving different populations and social interactions, which are commonly reported in the literature. We offer a method for testing and adoption within the fNIRS community, aimed at eliminating arbitrary FOI selections and potentially enhancing the reproducibility of results in future fNIRS hyperscanning research.
POSITIONING ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC DRIVE WITH RELAY CONTROL AND FEEDBACK ON AN INCOMPLETE STATE VECTOR
Authors: Derets Oleksandr , Sadovoi Oleksandr , Derets Serhiy
Published: December 2024

Optimization in speed is one of the main tasks of the synthesis of position control systems caused by a relatively high duration of transients. The relevance of the work is determined by the need to adapt progressive structural solutions to modern technical requirements and the possibilities of practical implementation of asynchronous electric drives. The purpose of the study is the structural optimization of the relay-vector position control system aimed at compensating for the incompleteness of the information-sensor system of the electric drive in the part of measuring mechanical coordinates. In addition to the characteristics of the sensors as such, the quality of the feedback signals and ultimately the properties of the system are decisively affected by the accuracy of the devices for differentiating the measured coordinates. Since state filters are implemented as closed trace systems, relay controllers in their composition are a guarantee of differentiation efficiency. The combination of the principles of vector control of the induction machine, sliding modes, speed optimization and the use of a two-level observer scheme for calculating canonical coordinates provide the control system of the positional asynchronous electric drive with exceptional functionality. The results of the study of typical dynamic modes of a positional electric drive designed on the basis of an asynchronous motor confirm the high efficiency of the proposed structural solution of the optimal control relay system. Due to the circuit based on the signals of the first and second derivatives of the position, the electric drive, which functions without a separate speed sensor, shows insensitivity to the action of the load moment. The proposed control algorithms are promising for implementation as part of digital controller software.
TESTING OF START-UP MODES SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR WITH ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS IN THE CIRCLE OF AROUSAL
Authors: Chugunov David
Published: December 2024

In the work, experimental studies of starting modes of a synchronous motor with different parameters of the excitation circuit during powering from full and reduced network voltages, for starting a synchronous motor based on capacitive and multi-stage energy storage devices, were performed.A schematic diagram of a test bench with a thyristor voltage regulator and a multi-stage energy storage device is given. The program of experimental studies of different modes of starting a synchronous motor is presented.Oscillograms of asynchronous start of a synchronous motor when additional elements are included in the rotor at different voltage values are given, including oscillograms of starting modes of a synchronous motor at nominal voltage, with a capacitive energy storage in the excitation winding at a reduced supply voltage and of a synchronous motor in the excitation winding at a reduced supply voltage from the thyristor voltage regulator.The parallel connection of the capacitive energy storage to the starting resistor is the least effective, due to the complete lack of influence of the storage capacity on the nature of the starting processes. However, even this inclusion is more effective than the usual resistive start.Compared to resistive starting, the use of a capacitive energy storage will reduce the starting time by 41.4 %, but the current in the excitation winding will increase by 28.6 %, and the current in the stator winding by 64.3 %.It was determined that the change in the supply voltage of the synchronous motor using a thyristor voltage regulator is below 85 % from the nominal value will lead to an excessive reduction of the electromagnetic torque of the motor and make it impossible to reverse. Reducing the amplitude of the supply voltage even by 20 % from the nominal value while preserving its shape will allow a reliable start of the synchronous motor in the presence of a capacitive energy storage in the excitation circuit.
INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PARAMETERS OF AN ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR WITH A SHORT-CIRCUITED CAGE ON TRANSIENT PROCESSES
Authors: Zahrebaiev Mykhailo , Zvonetskiy Mykhailo , Ryazantsev Oleg , Sianov Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the electromagnetic parameters of an asynchronous motor (AD) with a short-circuited cage of general industrial application for the study of transient processes in an electric drive. The main purpose of the study is to determine the transient characteristics of AD by comparing parameters with reference data and calculations in the ANSYS Maxwell RMxprt program. The parameters defined in the program were found to provide more accurate results for transients.
The comparative analysis showed that the active resistance of the stator winding coincides with the reference value, while the inductance is 21 % lower and the mutual inductance is 26 % higher. The use of these parameters in the mathematical model of AD made it possible to obtain more accurate results in comparison with traditional reference values, which contributes to a better understanding of transient processes.
The obtained results emphasize the importance of using modern tools, such as ANSYS Maxwell RMxprt, in the study of electromagnetic parameters to increase the accuracy of modeling transient processes in AD, which is relevant for optimizing their designs and operational characteristics.
DEHYDRATION OF NATURAL CLINOPTILOLITE UNDER THE EFFECT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN THE MICROWAVE RANGE
Authors: Znak Zenovii , Matviiv Taras
Published: December 2024

Natural zeolites, in particular, clinoptilolite, are characterized by a high adsorption capacity for many pollutants, as well as a significant cation exchange capacity. Therefore, it is widely used in natural and wastewater treatment processes, medicine, etc. Modification of natural zeolites, for example, with silver ions, makes it possible to ensure, in addition to sorption, their antibacterial properties. Previous studies have established that modification of pre–dehydrated clinoptilolite makes it possible to increase its sorption capacity with respect to modifier ions, for example, silver.
Studies on the dehydration of natural clinoptilolite were carried out after saturating it with water vapor until reaching equilibrium at a temperature of 30 ºС. It was established that the sorption capacity of clinoptilolite, previously thermally activated at a temperature of 100 ºС, with respect to water vapor increases with an increase in the size of zeolite particles from 0.25 to 2.5 mm. This may be due to the influence of the state of the surface of the particles. As the particle size increases further, the sorption capacity naturally decreases.
The method of thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that thermal dehydration of clinoptilolite occurs in three temperature ranges. The first of them in the range of 20—175 ºС corresponds to the desorption of physically sorbed water. Using the DTA method, it was established that after treatment of clinoptilolite saturated with water vapor in the microwave field (frequency 2.45 GHz, power 500 W), only about 70 % of the physically sorbed water desorbs before reaching a constant mass (its total content was determined by the DTA method of the initial sample). Moreover, several temperature intervals are clearly distinguished on the DTG and DTA curves, where the endo effect and mass loss are observed. At the same time, on the DTG and DTA curves for the initial (untreated in the microwave field) samples, the allocation of physically sorbed water is manifested by one clear minimum. The obtained data give grounds for asserting that under the action of the microwave field, after desorption of part of the water whose molecules are dipoles, the rest is retained in the 3D structure of clinoptilolite due to the cation-dipole interaction.
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR POLISHING SOFT AND PLASTIC MATERIALS
Authors: Lavrinenko Valerii , Solod Volodymyr , Tyshchenko Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

Modern technologies in machine and instrument building require new high-tech materials, the processing of which is much more complicated, especially from the point of view of achieving quality indicators of the final surface of the product. All this means that it is important to pay attention to finishing, namely polishing processes, to increase the efficiency of the machining process. The researches known from the literature testify specifically to the effectiveness of the application of chemical-mechanical methods in polishing, taking into account the peculiarities of the abrasives used, therefore the purpose of this article was to investigate the latest (2022—2023) developments in polishing technologies of a wide range of modern brittle and plastic materials and determine directions for improving the efficiency of such developments.
Analysis of data on the method of chemical-mechanical polishing of products from different materials allowed us to establish that it is based on the synergistic action of a modified abrasive, mainly on the basis of CeO2, and the addition of chemical reactions using liquid suspensions or solid-phase chemical reactions, as well as on the development of new micro-grinding tools. An example of such a synergistic action is the new mechanical-mechanochemical synergistic technology of micro-grinding of fused silica and combined abrasive micro-grinding tools. First, grinding with diamond abrasives is carried out, and the next step is a solid-phase chemical reaction with a workpiece based on a mechanochemical reaction based on oxide abrasives (with additives) under the conditions of friction-thermal connection. That is, cerium oxide was used not only as grains to remove chemical reagents, but more importantly, as a reagent that directly participates in a solid-phase chemical reaction.
It has been proven that, in general, the method of chemical-mechanical polishing with various modifications makes it possible to obtain, for materials of different hardness, almost the same, actually limiting at the lower level, indicators of surface roughness according to the Sa parameter: for fused silica 0.124 nm and for silicon 0.1 nm, and for soft copper — 0.1 nm.
DETERMINATION OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF A CNC MILLING MACHINE WITH HORIZONTAL SPINDLE ARRANGEMENT
Authors: Korotkov Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

Metal cutting milling machines with CNC, which have a horizontal arrangement of the spindle, are widely distributed in production and have their own specifics in terms of technological capabilities. Interchangeable satellite tables are often used to fix workpieces, which simplifies the process of technological preparation of production and creates the possibility of effective implementation of flexible technologies.
The process of metalworking of products is accompanied by the occurrence of cutting forces that act on the machine, device, tool and part.  The result of such efforts are elastic deformations of the elements that perceive them and lead to processing errors.  Therefore, the task of determining the amount of compliance of the elements of the technological system of the machine tool and taking into account such data in the control program is relevant.
CNC milling machines with a horizontal spindle and a rotary table often use interchangeable machine tools-satellite tables, on which the workpieces are fixed. When processing from the action of cutting forces, it provides elastic deformations of the elements of the technological system, which should be taken into account when preparing control programs. One of the options for obtaining such information is the study of the functionality of the machine elements and their application by simulating workloads.
To determine the technical condition of the milling machine and data on the compliance of its elements with the machine tool, a diagnostic device was developed, which is installed on the machine table similarly to the satellite table. By simulating working loads on the moving measuring plate of the device with a measuring mandrel, the accuracy of the output of the cutting tool in the given coordinate is determined. Imitation forces are created by springs along the X, Y and Z coordinates when the measuring mandrel is moved by the machine tool drives.
The use of a diagnostic device in production conditions creates an opportunity to timely detect deviations of the parameters of the CNC machine from the passport data, as well as data on the compliance of the elements of the technological system. The use of the obtained data in the control program creates conditions for reducing the probability of processing errors.
GAS FLOW IMPACT ON THE PRESSURE REGULATOR FLAPPER VALVE
Authors: Shevchenko Serhii , Redchyts Dmytro , Karimov Ivan
Published: December 2024

When designing pneumatic automation units, such as gas pressure regulators and safety valves in particular, it is an important step to carry out preliminary calculations of the balance of forces acting on the elements of the moving system. The main forces involved in this process are the forces from the static pressure of the medium, spring forces and friction forces in the movable joints. One of the pressure forces is the aerodynamic force resulting from the gas flow through the valve. Its magnitude and direction depend on a number of parameters, including the geometry of the unit, which directly affects the flow of gas around the valve.
The physical picture of gas flow through a valve is complicated by the fact that its channels have a complex shape, which makes it difficult to describe the process analytically. The complexity of aerodynamic force calculation often exceeds the capabilities of standard analytical methods. This is due to the non-linear dependence of the aerodynamic force on many variables such as valve configuration, valve position, flow velocity and pressure drop. In turn, the accuracy of the calculations has a significant impact on the performance and stability of the system as a whole. Errors made during the design phase can lead to unstable operation of the regulator, negatively affecting its performance.
The article presents the results of experimental research aimed at studying the effect of gas flow on the valve. During the experiments, the dependence of the force acting on the disc valve on its displacement, as well as on the value of inlet pressure was obtained. Additionally, the flow capacity characteristics of the valve were studied, namely, the dependence of the flow coefficient on the valve stroke. A calculation methodology is also presented, which allows to determine with acceptable accuracy for design calculations the value of aerodynamic force for a particular valve configuration.
The application of the described method of aerodynamic force measurement does not require complex equipment, and the minimum requirements to the test bench significantly expand the possibilities of its use.
The results obtained can be used to optimize the design of both existing and new types of valves and gas pressure regulators.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ОПЕРАТОРНОГО ГЕНЕТИЧНОГО АЛГОРИТМУ ДО РОЗВ’ЯЗАННЯ ДІОФАНТОВИХ РІВНЯНЬ
Authors: Олійник Л.О.
Published: December 2024

У роботі приведено результати дослідження дієвості операторного генетичного алгоритму при застосуванні до розв’язання діофантових рівнянь.
Як відомо розв’язання діофантових рівнянь виконується у кільці цілих чисел. У роботі операторний генетичний алгоритм, який діє в полі дійсних чисел, певним чином пристосовано для пошуку цілих розв’язків. Тема досліджень даної роботи представляє інтерес з огляду на те, що діофантові рівняння відіграють велику роль у математичних методах криптології. З іншого боку, історія цих рівнянь настільки багата і велична, що отримання, хоч незначного, результату в цій галузі є важливим для кожного математика. Дослідженнями діофантових рівнянь, займались великі  математики різних епох і сьогодні ці дослідження не втратили своєї значущості.
CRISPR-Cas based precision genome editing: current advances and associated challenges in crop improvement and trait enhancement
Authors: Niraula Samanwaya , Khanal Rasik , Ghimire Nischal
Published: December 2024

The CRISPR-Cas system has revolutionized precision genome editing and opened up enormous prospects for crop improvement and trait enhancement. This review covers recent advances related to the application of CRISPR-Cas in agricultural biotechnology, with an emphasis on its potential to contribute to solving critical issues of food security and sustainability. Global population is expected to reach 10 billion by 2050, presenting a challenge that demands new approaches to raise agricultural productivity. The review investigates the mechanisms by which CRISPR-Cas systems, especially Cas9 and Cas12a, facilitate precise alterations in plant genomes, leading to augmented resilience against both biological and environmental challenges. Significant accomplishments comprise increased drought resistance, enhanced disease tolerance, and improved nutritional quality in agricultural species such as wheat, maize, and soybean. However, the application of CRISPR-Cas technology encounters challenges, including regulatory hurdles and public acceptance. This paper underlines modern achievements together with future possibilities, at the same time paying much attention to the connected challenges and emphasizing the crucial role of CRISPR-Cas technology for the advancement of sustainable agriculture. Using such a powerful tool, scientists aim at creating resistant crop species that will be able to meet the needs of the growing population while providing food safety and quality.
A PROCESS OF TERRITORIALIZATION IN THE NEW URBAN HABITAT ZONE OF SERKINA: THE CASE OF COLLECTIVE SOCIAL HOUSING
Authors: Oualid Bencheikh Lehocine  , Toufik Khenchoul  , Assia Lifa
Published: December 2024

The Serkina new urban habitat zone (ZHUN Serkina) is one of the four new housing zones in the city of Constantine. In our article, we will try to focus on the territorial integration (socio-spatial integration) of the inhabitants of this ZHUN, by favoring a ‘bottom-up’ approach, which pay the main attention to the experiences of the inhabitants and their degree of territorialization. The study based on observation technique and a questionnaire survey of a sample of 109 households. In other words, we will try to clarify each individual's ability to forge specific relationships with the space in which are lived.
Preface
Authors: Mohammad Abdul Mohit
Published: December 2024

Preface for JAPCM Issue 5, Vol 1