bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of correlation energies using variational subspace valence bond
Authors: Fletcher Graham D. , Bertoni Colleen , Keceli Murat , D’Mello Michael J.
Published: August 2022

In the variational subspace valence bond (VSVB) [G. D. Fletcher, J. Chem. Phys. 142, 134112 (2015)] method, the electronic orbitals comprising the wave function correspond to chemically meaningful objects, such as bonds, lone pairs, atomic cores, and so on. Selected regions of a molecule (for example, a single chemical bond, as opposed to all the bonds) can be modeled with different levels of basis set and possible methods for modeling correlation from the other regions. The interactions between the components of a molecule (say, a bond and a neighboring orbital) can then be studied in detail for their impact on a chemical phenomenon while avoiding the expense of necessarily applying the higher levels and methods to the entire molecule. This work presents the theoretical basis for modeling correlation effects between specific electron pairs by incorporating terms in the inter-electronic coordinates (“r12”) into VSVB. The approach is validated with calculations on small systems using single-reference wave functions.
Benchmarking the semi-stochastic CC(
P
;
Q
) approach for singlet–triplet gaps in biradicals
Authors: Chakraborty Arnab , Yuwono Stephen H. , Deustua J. Emiliano , Shen Jun , Piecuch Piotr
Published: August 2022

We recently proposed a semi-stochastic approach to converging high-level coupled-cluster (CC) energetics, such as those obtained in the CC calculations with singles, doubles, and triples (CCSDT), in which the deterministic CC(P;Q) framework is merged with the stochastic configuration interaction Quantum Monte Carlo propagations [J. E. Deustua, J. Shen, and P. Piecuch, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 223003 (2017)]. In this work, we investigate the ability of the semi-stochastic CC(P;Q) methodology to recover the CCSDT energies of the lowest singlet and triplet states and the corresponding singlet–triplet gaps of biradical systems using methylene, (HFH)−, cyclobutadiene, cyclopentadienyl cation, and trimethylenemethane as examples.
Role of critical thickness in SiGe/Si/SiGe heterostructure design for qubits
Authors: Liu Yujia , Gradwohl Kevin-P. , Lu Chen-Hsun , Remmele Thilo , Yamamoto Yuji , Zoellner Marvin H. , Schroeder Thomas , Boeck Torsten , Amari Houari , Richter Carsten , Albrecht Martin
Published: August 2022

We study the critical thickness for the plastic relaxation of the Si quantum well layer embedded in a SiGe/Si/SiGe heterostructure for qubits by plan-view transmission electron microscopy and electron channeling contrast imaging. Misfit dislocation segments form due to the glide of pre-existing threading dislocations at the interface of the Si quantum well layer beyond a critical thickness given by the Matthews–Blakeslee criterion. Misfit dislocations are mostly 60° dislocations (b=a/2 <110>) that are split into Shockely partials (b=a/6 <112>) due to the tensile strain field of the Si quantum well layer. By reducing the quantum well thickness below critical thickness, misfit dislocations can be suppressed. A simple model is applied to simulate the misfit dislocation formation and the blocking process. We discuss consequences of our findings for the layer stack design of SiGe/Si/SiGe heterostructures for usage in quantum computing hardware.
Design of multi neutron-to-gamma converter array for measuring time resolved ion temperature of inertial confinement fusion implosions
Authors: Meaney K. D. , Kim Y. , Hoffman N. M. , Geppert-Kleinrath H. , Jorgenson J. , Hochanadel M. , Appelbe B. , Crilly A. , Basu R. , Saw E. Y. , Moore A. , Schlossberg D.
Published: August 2022

The ion temperature varying during inertial confinement fusion implosions changes the amount of Doppler broadening of the fusion products, creating subtle changes in the fusion neutron pulse as it moves away from the implosion. A diagnostic design to try to measure these subtle effects is introduced—leveraging the fast time resolution of gas Cherenkov detectors along with a multi-puck array that converts a small amount of the neutron pulse into gamma-rays, one can measure multiple snapshots of the neutron pulse at intermediate distances. Precise measurements of the propagating neutron pulse, specifically the variation in the peak location and the skew, could be used to infer time-evolved ion temperature evolved during peak compression.
A toolbox for easy entry low wavenumber in situ atomic layer deposition transmission FTIR spectroscopy studies
Authors: Bin Afif Abdulla , Dadlani Anup L. , Flaten Andreas , Lid Markus Joakim , Ofstad Johannes , Erbe Andreas , Köllensperger Peter , Torgersen Jan
Published: August 2022

A detailed description of a flexible and portable atomic layer deposition (ALD) system is presented for conducting in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectroscopy studies during the evolution and growth of ALD films. The system is directly integrated with a commercial FTIR spectrometer (Bruker Vertex 80V) to avoid the necessity of an external optical path to the instrument, thereby mitigating complexity and optical losses. In this work, we use potassium bromide (KBr) with a 5 nm layer of sputtered Si as a substrate due to higher infrared transmittance when compared to a single-side polished Si wafer. The FTIR absorption study is conducted at normal incidence in transmission mode using a deuterated L-alanine doped triglycine sulfate (DTGS) detector owing to its potential applicability for reliable measurements at wavenumbers below ∼700 cm−1. We demonstrate this by measuring ex situ the transverse optical phonon of bulk Al2O3 centered at 680 cm−1. The integrity and functionality of the system to track the nucleation stage are validated by conducting in situ FTIR absorption measurements of Al2O3 using tri-methyl aluminum (TMA) and H2O. The measured IR absorption spectra for the Al2O3 growth after each cycle of TMA and H2O show the formation and removal of CH3 (2800–3000 cm−1) groups on the substrate surface and CH4 (3016 and 1306 cm−1) molecules in the reactor, thus confirming the successful tracking of ligand exchange. Thus, this instrument, together with the choice of KBr as substrate, can enable straightforward ALD nucleation studies using a DTGS detector having sufficient signal without additional optical setup and modifications to off-the-shelf FTIR systems that allow low wavenumber experiments.
Investigation of proton irradiation induced EC-0.9 eV traps in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors
Authors: Wan Pengfei , Li Weiqi , Xu Xiaodong , Wei Yadong , Jiang Hao , Yang Jianqun , Shao Guojian , Lin Gang , Peng Chao , Zhang Zhangang , Li Xingji
Published: August 2022

Electron traps in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors were studied by combining theoretical and experimental methods. Energy levels about EC-0.9 eV due to irradiation are identified by deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). Two electron traps, H1 (EC-0.63 eV) and H2 (EC-0.9 eV), were observed in the DLTS spectra. H1 was produced in device or material manufacturing, and H2 was caused by displacement damage. First, we reported that the signal peak of H2 can contribute from three defects labeled H2-1, H2-2, and H2-3 with energies EC-0.77 eV, EC-0.9 eV, and EC-0.98 eV, respectively. According to defect migration temperature and first principles calculation results, it is found that different configurations of di-nitrogen vacancy structures are the source of EC-0.77 eV and EC-0.9 eV signals. The defect of EC-0.98 eV is more stable at high temperatures, which may be related to gallium vacancy.
Numerical investigation on streamwise vortex generation by plasma actuator
Authors: Sato Makoto
Published: August 2022

To clarify vortex formation and development, numerical simulations of a streamwise vortex generation by a dielectric-barrier-discharge plasma actuator were performed. The simulations are set based on the experiment by Jukes and Choi [“Dielectric-barrier-discharge vortex generators: Characterisation and optimisation for flow separation control,” Exp. Fluids 52, 329 (2012)], which is a laminar boundary-layer flow with a plasma actuator aligned to the freestream direction (x). The input momentum by the plasma actuator varies in the low (CaseL), medium (CaseM), and high (CaseH) cases. The streamwise vortex distributions for CaseL and CaseM are similar, and the vortex developments qualitatively agree with the experimental result. In these cases, the single streamwise vortex with the negative x-vorticity is mainly generated by the plasma actuator. For CaseH, however, the generated vortex is made up of both the main streamwise vortex with negative x-vorticity and the helical vortices with positive x-vorticity surrounding the main vortex. These encircling vortices twist the main vortex. Scaling the vortex characteristics, as proposed by Jukes and Choi [“On the formation of streamwise vortices by plasma vortex generators,” J. Fluid Mech. 733, 370 (2013)], demonstrates that the vortex characteristics can be scaled for simulation results. The streamline visualization clarifies the streamwise vortex formation by the induced flow from the plasma actuator and entrainment of the freestream flow to the streamwise vortex. The transient behavior of the streamwise vortex formation is examined for CaseM and CaseH. CaseM and CaseH have distinct transient behavior in the formation of the main streamwise vortex and the surrounding vortices.
Genetic epidemiology of male infertility (MI) in Arabs: a systematic review
Authors: Okashah Sarah , Abunada Taghreed , Zayed Hatem
Published: August 2022

Although Male Infertility (MI) in Arabs is fairly common, there is a dearth in published reports of genetic epidemiology of MI among Arabs. This study aimed to review the existing literature reporting the variants that are associated with MI in the 22 Arab countries. We searched four literature databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science) from the time of inception until April 2021 using broad search terms to capture all reported genetic data related to Arab patients with MI. Our search strategy identified 3488 articles, of these 34 were eligible for this systemic review. We retrieved data from nine Arab Countries (Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Syria, Jordan, Yemen, Iraq, Egypt and Lebanon). Only 2597 patients and 10 families with MI were identified and compared to 3721 controls. Our search strategy identified 25 genes, including 89 variants: 52.7% are shared with other ethnic groups, 41.7% are unique to Arab patients, and 5.6% are common among Arabs. Azoospermia (41.18%) was the most frequently reported phenotype. This is the first systematic review to capture reported variants associated with MI among the Arab populations. Although Arabs seem to share genetic profiles with other ethnicities, they have distinctive genotype-phenotype correlations for some of genetic variants.
The process of vegetation recovery and burn probability changes in post-burn boreal forests in northeast China
Authors: Zong Xuezheng , Tian Xiaorui
Published: August 2022

Background Repeated fires may slow the recovery process in burned areas, thus affecting ecological succession. Aims This paper explores the changes in likelihood of reburn and fire behaviours in various phases of vegetation recovery. Methods We used field survey data and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) to assess vegetation recovery in boreal forests after fires at both landscape and field scales. The Burn-P3 model was used to simulate burn probability and fire behaviours and then evaluate the overall fire likelihood and potential behaviours in different recovery phases. Key results Vegetation began to recover in most burned areas within the first year after fire and reached prefire levels after 10–15 years of recovery. Vegetation in areas with steep slopes (>25°) and thin soil had not recovered after 20 years, accounting for 0.3% of the total burned area. The average burn probability and fire behaviour indices of the study area decreased significantly after fire owing to lower fuel levels. Conclusions Burned areas with steep slopes and thin soil showed slower recovery rates after fire. The recovered vegetation in most burned areas still had low burn likelihood and fire behaviours 20 years post burn. Implications Artificial regeneration and fire prevention should be carried out at highly vulnerable sites for rehabilitating forest ecosystems.
The influence of camera-trap flash type on the behavioural response, detection rate and individual recognition of Eld’s deer
Authors: Ladd Rachel , Meek Paul , Leung Luke K.-P.
Published: August 2022

Context Camera traps are available with infrared or white flash, with the former being more commonly used. However, white flash produces colour night-time photographs that can be critically useful for both species and individual identification. White flash was thought to cause more disturbance to wildlife than was infrared and this may lead to camera avoidance. Evaluating the extent of this response, and differences between the flash types, is useful to develop improved survey designs. Aims This research aimed to quantify the behavioural responses of Eld’s deer to white and infrared flash, to determine whether white-flash cameras were suitable for use in population surveys of this species. Methods A behavioural ethogram was used to quantify the responses of the deer to the two flash types, as well as the responses of different sex-age classes and group sizes when encountering a camera trap. Additionally, the detection rate for white flash and infrared flash cameras was compared through time, to determine any pattern of avoidance. Key results While deer were more likely to observe and be startled by white flash than infrared, this did not adversely affect the detection of the deer, with no significant change in the detection rate between the two different flash types over time. Group size was found not to influence behavioural response when encountering camera traps, whereas different age–sex classes of deer showed very few differences in response to camera traps. Conclusions White flash cameras were found to be suitable for Eld’s deer population surveys and were beneficial in providing colour night-time photos that allow for spotted female deer to be individually identified. Implications Practitioners should not be concerned about the influence of white flash when using camera traps to monitor populations of Eld’s deer, and using white flash is recommended when individual identification is required.
What can research on indirect translation do for Translation Studies?
Authors: Pięta Hanna , Ivaska Laura , Gambier Yves
Published: August 2022

This special issue is about indirect translation (ITr). To counter the traditional disinterest of Translation Studies in
researching ITr, it explores and showcases what research on the topic can do for our discipline as a whole. This introductory article
prepares the ground for and provides an overview of what is discussed in the seven articles included in the special issue. Before
introducing the contributions to this issue, we briefly explain the terminology and definitions used throughout this issue. In the spirit of
transparency, and making this special issue useful to everyone in Translation Studies, this introduction also devotes space to discussing
how this issue came into being, sharing some of the lessons learnt through guest editing.
Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy on xenon atoms and ions in the magnetic nozzle of a helicon plasma thruster
Authors: Vinci Alfio E , Mazouffre Stéphane , Gómez Víctor , Fajardo Pablo , Navarro-Cavallé Jaume
Published: August 2022

The dynamics of xenon atoms and ions expanding in the magnetic nozzle (MN) of a helicon plasma thruster is studied by means of near-infrared laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy on resonant and metastable states. Fluorescence spectra are measured for several operating conditions inside and outside the thruster discharge chamber. In the near-field plume, the relatively intense magnetic field induces Zeeman effect on the probed optical transitions. Hence, modeling of the atomic lineshapes is addressed to accurately compute the Doppler shift and infer the velocity. The first direct measurements of the neutral flow in a MN reveal that atoms are accelerated to supersonic velocities behind the thruster exit. The ions acceleration region extends several centimeters downstream the exit plane. Larger axial ion speeds are attained when the thruster operates at lower mass flow rates and higher levels of input power.
Periodic cosmic evolution in f(Q) gravity formalism
Authors: Sahoo Parbati , De Avik , Loo Tee-How , Sahoo P K
Published: August 2022

We study the periodic cosmic transit behavior of the accelerated universe in the framework of symmetric teleparallelism. The exact solution of field equations is obtained by employing a well-known deceleration parameter (DP) called periodic varying DP,

q
=
m
cos
kt
−
1

. The viability and physical reliability of the DP are studied by using observational constraints. The dynamics of periodicity and singularity are addressed in detail with respect to time and redshift parameter. Several energy conditions are discussed in this setting.
A novel maximum likelihood and moving weighted average based adaptive Kalman filter
Authors: Fu Hongpo , Cheng Yongmei
Published: August 2022

For the state estimation with inaccurate noise statistics, the existing adaptive Kalman filters (AKFs) usually have substantial computational complexity or are not easy to estimate online. Inspired by the fact, a new computationally efficient AKF based on maximum likelihood and moving weighted average (MMAKF) is proposed. Firstly, to reduce computational complexity, instead of estimating the noise covariance matrixes, the maximum likelihood principle is introduced to directly estimate the prediction error covariance matrix and innovation covariance matrix. Subsequently, a new moving weighted average algorithm is designed to optimize the estimated results. Then, a computationally efficient AKF is derived, and its convergence performance and application are discussed. Simulation results for the target tracking example illustrate that the proposed AKF can effectively reduce error caused by inaccurate noise statistics and basically keep simplicity and elegance of the classical KF.
Do we need more research on the environmental impacts of plastics?
Authors: Ryan Peter G , Chitaka Takunda Y
Published: August 2022

We question whether the rapid growth in research on the impacts of environmental plastics over the last decade has substantially improved our understanding of these impacts. By the mid-1990s, the major environmental and economic impacts of plastics were sufficiently well known to conclude that they posed a significant environmental threat. Accordingly, the focus of the Third International Marine Debris Conference shifted from researching impacts to devising solutions. We should re-embrace this message, and study how best to change the inappropriate human behaviours that lie at the heart of the plastics crisis. The main role of natural scientists should be to provide robust monitoring data to assess the success of the various mitigation efforts.
Impact of Urban Compactness, Architectural Form and Climatic Considerations: an Analysis in Traditional Islamic Buildings
Authors: Abdelalim Marwa F.
Published: August 2022

The special metropolitan texture of Islamic urban areas mirrored its social, political construction which was reflected in the architectural forms organized along the central avenue with the city’s mosques, Madrasahs, Sabils, and Bimaristans, worked as the public substance of the city and had their own particular arrangement of rules and guidelines. This was strongly echoed in the trademark design of the age, set inside a well-weave metropolitan texture of human extents a cityscape that served to enhance the central core of the Islamic cities. This paper reviews literature on the traditional Islamic city’s urban surroundings, architectural form, socio-cultural and climatic factors that influenced the formation of such unique Islamic Buildings, where these factors helped to shape the engineering styles and utilization of spaces inside traditional Muslim public buildings, especially the application of microclimatic modifiers such as open courtyards in Islamic houses, where in the middle age metropolitan places of Islamic urban areas were envisioned to make positive microclimatic conditions in their inside such as water fountains, Planted trees, Malqafs, Mashrabiyyahs, Semi open spaces, and Iwans. Consciousness of the multifactorial nature of the impacts on the Muslim view of houses and the utilization of spaces is essential for building planners, architects, and developers to be appropriately prepared to address the issues of customers. By offering alternatives for whatever is lowering people’s quality of life or efficiency. This research should contribute to Saudi Arabia’s 2030 Vision, which aims to implement more successful Sustainability ideas as those previously used in traditional Islamic cities.
Properties, Durability and Fields of Application of Polymer Concrete
Authors: Kamal Mounir , Etman Zeinab A. , Soliman Noha M. , Elbheary Mustafa R.
Published: August 2022

Polymer concrete is a type of special concretes which casting by using the polymeric resin replaces the Portland cement/water binder of conventional concrete. The aim of this paper is investigated the hardened properties and the micro structure of polymer concrete. The main variables of this study were the type of epoxies [Polymer modified repair mortar (sika top122) and epoxy (Euxit 50)], epoxy to aggregate percentage and sand to dolomite ratio and. Twenty-four concrete mixes were cast to carrying out the experimental program. Compression, tensile, flexure and bond strength were conducted to evaluate the properties and impact loads. At sika top122 use water had a constant ratio according to sika top 122 equal to 35% with all mix from 1:1 to 1:16 in sixteen concrete mixes. At Euxit 50 divided into three groups in eight concrete mixes, first group had four mixes with fine aggregate (natural sand) and Euxit 50 and without added any water and coarse aggregate. The second and third groups components were coarse aggregate (natural dolomite), fine aggregate (sand) and Euxit 50 (welded polymer material) with variable mix ratios. Each group mixes had the same Euxit 50 to aggregate (coarse and fine) 1:5 and 1:6 for second and third group respectively. Get the best mix ES4 with high properties Compression, tensile, flexure and bond strength were 1,040.00, 44.60, 262.5 and 14.95 respectively.
Thermal Performance Assessment for Stacking Shipping Containers as habitable spaces: Cairo Case Study
Authors: Hassan A S , Botros C R , Kamal M N , Morsi N M , Elfeky Y S
Published: August 2022

The world is moving towards reuse, recycling, and low economic buildings in the AEC industry. Among these concepts, the reuse of shipping containers (SC) in architecture has seen a remarkable increase in recent times. Few studies have focused on the thermal performance of different stacking configurations using multiple SCs in hot climates to achieve the most suitable thermal performance and testing different passive design techniques. This study aims to know the most effective stacking configuration as a passive technique not tested before using SC as residential spaces in Cairo by analyzing its effect on their internal thermal performance. This paper presents a comparative analysis of four simulation models as separate residential units, including a control unit, an uninsulated SC, and three types of different configurations, three units horizontally connected, three units vertically connected, and the last model consists of three units connected both horizontally and vertically. The thermal performance of these units is tested as uninsulated SCs in the hottest and coldest days (23 August and 20 January, respectively) in the year using Design-Builder software. The paper concludes that the best configuration of SCs models that contribute to improving SC’s thermal performance in the hot climate is the vertical stacking configuration.
Energy efficiency, carbon emissions, and thermal comfort comparisons between conventional and proposed clustered open courtyard housing using CEB blocks
Authors: Fahmy M. , Mahmoud S. , Abdelkhalik H. , Abdelalim M. , Elshelfa M.
Published: August 2022

This research aims to assess a compact economic housing model design proposal using walls constructed of compressed earth blocks as a nucleus for sustainable urban housing in Egypt. This research also aims to evaluate the effect of the direction of the proposed compact building on the building’s internal thermal comfort, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions. According to previous studies, residential buildings represent about 50% of land uses in Egyptian cities, consume about 19% of the energy produced, and are responsible for 10% of carbon dioxide emissions. All previous environmental studies commended the thermal performance of courtyard buildings in the hot-arid climate of which Egypt is a part. As a result, the authors directed many previous studies towards new housing patterns in Egyptian cities using court-yarded clustered housing to improve thermal performance, decrease energy consumption, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. This research compares two residential buildings using design-builder simulation. The two buildings have the same housing unit area of 90 m2 to represent the social housing unit area in Egyptian cities. The first comparative building is a conventional residential building surrounded by solar radiation from all sides and uses walls constructed of solid cement bricks (SCB). The second comparative building is a cluster open court-yarded building using walls built of Compressed Earth Blocks (CEB). Results show that both the clustered open courtyard housing model whose main axis is in the (N-S) direction and the use of CEB has improved all of the examined measures.
Comparative Analysis of Occupant Thermal Comfort, Energy Consumption, and CO2 Emissions for an Educational Building in Cold Climate: A Case Study in Canada
Authors: Mahmoud S. , Saad Mahmoud M. , Elshelfa M. , Abdelkhalik H. , Fahmy M.
Published: August 2022

Global climate change and global warming capture the attention of planners seeking more sustainable buildings to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and minimize energy consumption. Consequently, architects have developed buildings over the years and applied more sustainable strategies to cope with the environment, either in the shape of the building, the design of openings, or the use of more sustainable materials. These strategies provide more thermal comfort for long-term users. As a result, it is necessary to know the exact effect of using these strategies on thermal performance and energy consumption inside buildings. Therefore, researchers have developed many energy simulation tools and programs to provide a clear view of the nature of the building’s thermal performance and energy consumption based on data inputs about local weather situations of the building. Thus, we must know the ability of the software to model different design strategies and be sure that the results are valid. This paper aims to make an environmental simulation of an educational building in Montreal, Canada, using Design-Builder simulation and compare it with the as-built equivalent thermal zones applying different glazing materials, which is the main element of the building facade to enhance the thermal comfort with the lowest energy consumption and CO2 emissions. This paper shows that using double glass low E 6/6mm Air gap is better for the case study building in cold climate weather that increases thermal comfort for the users, reduces energy consumption by 18.63%, and also reduces CO2 emissions by 18.57% per year.
Project Manager Skills affecting Construction Projects in Egypt
Authors: Abdelmasseh R M , Bassioni H A , Gaid E F
Published: August 2022

The research was to explore the relationships between Construction Project manager skills and the performance of projects in Egypt. Specifically, this study investigated the relationship between the project manager skills (Technical Skills, Human skills, Conceptual Skills, Political and Social Skills) and the dimensions of project performance (Project Cost and Project Time). Hard skills include technological abilities, background, industry knowledge, and project experience. That define the tangible portion of a project manager’s resume as the 21st century recognition of project management. Data has been collected from 104 expert engineers who have a good realistic background in the field of construction industry; questionnaire survey is the used method. The results of analysis propose that risk management abilities have a significant association with project cost and time performance. The Egyptian construction sector may use the findings as a guideline to choosing project managers with the ‘suitable’ skills profile or focusing training and development programs on skills crucial for successful projects.
Human Resources Management influence on projects performance: A Study of Contractors Professionals Working on Construction Projects in Egypt
Authors: Ghattas M S , Bassioni H A , Gaid E F
Published: August 2022

The Research is about the human resources management influence on Project Performance, A study related to contractors professionals that are working on construction projects in Egypt. Ten major HRM Factors (objectives and goals, job description, staffing and recruitment, training, communication, leadership, team relationship, retaining people, trust and values and finally appraisal and motivation) were assessed for their relation and influence on both cost and Time project performance, A sample of 105 respondents replied with how HRM factors were implemented and how were their team effectiveness on their Egyptian construction projects, also giving their actual project measuring of performance, analysis had been done including all collected data, descriptive analysis and also correlation tests were implemented in this study, mainly 8 HR factors out of 10 were significantly correlated with cost performance, also 4 out of 10 HR factors were significantly correlated with time performance. Results indicating that HRM Factors have an impact and relation to project performance, but not a governing factor.
Modelling for integrated sustainable urban transformation
Authors: Fayad Mohamad Farrag
Published: August 2022

The researcher proposes at this time an integrated framework for developing models of transition to sustainable ecological cities, and the goal is for cities to be able to adapt and be sustainable with different conditions. The contribution of this proposed model is to propose an effective scalable framework for sustainable urban transformation of communities that addresses the gaps and limitations of existing models. It takes into account the fundamental issues of urban societies including urban, environmental, social, economic and governance perspectives. The core of this framework consists of five dimensions that must be combined in order to achieve the objective of the proposed framework. It is the urban, environmental, social, economic and governance framework. Each of them has a number of main categories in addition to a number of criteria. The model contains an additional dimension, which is the dimension of information and communication technology that will be presented as an implicit dimension that will be included in all the five main dimensions, and these six frameworks have been collected in one equation in order to build the simulation model and then obtain the results of indicators and future expectation.
Implications for new cities’ landscape design using place-making: A Comparative analysis study
Authors: Zayed Rehab A , El-Gohary Germin , Abdelrehim Sherouk M
Published: August 2022

Despite the remarkable evolution of the new Cairo cities and the development of the quality of life, some citizens of Old Cairo districts still lack the motivation to change their residence to the new cities. The landscape design in New Cairo cities mainly manifests large green areas with water features and contemporary building exterior design to create an ordered, calm, and comforting scene. However, the landscape design in Old Cairo districts creates a significantly opposite scene. In most Old Cairo regions, green areas of large old trees occupy tiny spaces, buildings’ exterior designs are bold and classic, and the whole scene manifests great chaos, crowd, and noise. Cairo is one of the ten least resilient cities around the world. The city is vulnerable because of its inadequate infrastructure, degrading environment, and vulnerable climate. According to the World Health Organization standards for green open spaces, Cairo’s green open spaces provide weekly liveability. This research demonstrates theoretical and practical techniques to understand the psychological effect of the different landscape designs on Cairo citizens.
Morphological changes of Cairo West power plant intake while using submerged vanes
Authors: Eizeldin Mohamed , Yasser Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Lateral intake structures suffer from sediment deposition and instability of flow path which may have a negative influence on the efficiency of power plants that use river intakes as a primary source for their cooling system. This study aims to experiment the usage of submerged vanes as a mitigation method and determine their effectiveness in decreasing sediment deposition. A numerical model was constructed using DELFT3D of a reach that is located in the Nile River including the intake structure. Several scenarios were tested to optimise several parameters such as the usage of one or two rows of vanes and the distance of the vanes from the lateral intake. The results generated from the model showed that using two rows of vanes provided a 30% reduction of erosion in front of the intake compared to the base case and a 33% reduction in the volume of sediment entering the intake. Moreover, a 36% reduction of sediment volume was observed compared to the base case when the vanes were placed at a distance that is equivalent to 0.3 the intake’s opening. The output of the model showed that it is more optimal to use two rows of submerged vanes at a distance that is equivalent to 0.3 the intake’s opening.
Evaluation of The Effect of Rock Joints on the Stability of Underground Tunnels
Authors: Rahim A , Nasae T M , Hareyani Z , Ngoroyemoto T F K , Hasim I , Sapawie M F , Hussin H
Published: August 2022

To facilitate the water supply to the main cities in Malaysia such as Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Cyberjaya, Pahang Selangor Raw Water Transfer Tunnel project is constructed in 2015. Facility tunnel of 44.6 km length with 5.2 m diameter are being constructed to transfer water from Karak to Hulu Langat. Granitic rock with dominant intrusive zones in various range of I until V were observed in the studied tunnel length. This tunnel has crossed sheared zone that categorized into fair, poor, and very poor rock classes with moderate to heavily jointed rock. At NATM-1, the discontinuities like joints that is close and far from the fault are one of the most important which caused to instability of the tunnel and reduced the performance of tunnel performance. In this paper, the joint orientation, overburden and distributions of discontinuities (joints and faults) into the tunnel were evaluated. These data were then simulated using discrete fracture networks with the direction of tunnelling excavation in the tunnel. Movement of blocks in the tunnel roof and wall is possible due to the creation of more intersection points in the critical zone. It also highlights how minor features, such as step-over joints in rock mass, can have a significant impact on instability.
Predicting the volume of slope failure material using the 2-dimensional limit equilibrium method
Authors: Santoso Hendra , Gde Budi Indrawan I
Published: August 2022

Mining operations in areas with the potential for landslides require careful analysis of the risks that will occur so that the consequences of losses can be anticipated early with the approach to predicting the volume of landslide material. This study aims to evaluate and predict materials that are at risk of slope failures on the slopes of the PT. TMR mining located in Bengalon East Kutai District of East Kalimantan Province. The method used is to collect geological data, soil shear strength parameters and earthquake factors and the influence of groundwater on the body of the slope. Estimation of the predicted volume of slope failures based on the area of each slip surface is calculated using the prismoidal cross section method and multiplied by the probability of slope failures. The results show estimated volume of 122,298 m3 if the slope failure is caused by saturated slope conditions and 2,438 m3 if the slope failure is caused by a semi-saturated slope.
Morphometric Characteristic and Distribution of Hummocky Hills in Debris Avalanche Deposit of Galunggung Volcano, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Alfin A S , Wibowo H E , Harijoko A
Published: August 2022

Sector collapse of a volcanic body produces topography of horseshoe-shaped caldera incisions and a widespread hummocky hill resembling debris avalanche deposit. The study of morphometry, distribution, and the alignment of the hummocky hills is necessary to understand the source and deposition process of the debris-avalanche deposit. Galunggung volcano is, one of the volcanoes in Java Island, attributed with 7 km wide of caldera opens towards the east direction (N 135° E) where hummocky hills cover an area of ~32 km2. Morphometry of the hummocky hills is 500-700,000 m2 in size, elongation ratio of 1.3-3.9. Hummocky hills are distributed 0.5 to 20 km distance from the summit of the Galunggung volcano. The elongation orientation of the hummocky hills is deviated from the main flow direction forming various angles. We divide the deviation angle into parallel (0-45°) and perpendicular orientation (45-90°). The maximum size of the hummocky hills generally decreases towards increasing distance from the summit. These hills also show changes in alignment from perpendicular to parallel, suggesting a typical free flow pattern of debris-avalanche deposits.
Reconnaissance study on the stratigraphy and characteristics of eruption products associated with basaltic caldera in Raung volcano, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Moktikanana M L A , Harijoko A
Published: August 2022

As one of the most active volcanoes with significant eruptive impact in Indonesia, the Raung volcano shows a trace of the pre-historical devastating eruption as evidenced by the morphology of caldera at its summit. Our fieldwork revealed the occurrence of four pyroclastic fall deposits, two lava flows, ignimbrite, block and ash flow deposit, and lahar as the products of Raung eruption. There is evidence of Plinian phase eruption represented by layers of pumice fall without any significant time gap, which is uncommon for an andesitic-basaltic stratovolcano. Thin section observation on lava and the lithic fragment of block and ash flow deposits reveals that the composition of Raung volcanic products is mainly basalt consisting of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, olivine, and orthopyroxene as the primary crystal phases. Hornblende and biotite also compose pumice as a minor constituent. This evidence implies that Raung magmatism may potentially evolve long enough to produce such massive pumice fall deposits.
Application of Hydraulic Flow Unit (HFU) and Windland R35 Methods in Sand-5 Reservoir, Field ‘S’, Talang Akar Formation, Asri Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Dondo S S A S , Surjono S S
Published: August 2022

The Sand-5 Reservoir in the Talang Akar Formation is the main oil and gas producer in the Field ‘S’, Asri Basin, Indonesia. Reservoir rock type (RRT) can be applied to optimize the performance of this reservoir. This study aims to compare the RRT methods between Hydraulic Flow Unit (HFU) and Windland R35 to find the best RRT method. Both methods utilized the porosity and permeability to classify the number of RRT, subsequently validated by the regression value (R2) of core permeability with predicted permeability. Four RRT values have been identified for both methods that are RRT-1 represent the very good reservoir quality, RRT-2 represents the good reservoir quality, RRT-3 represents the moderate reservoir quality and also RRT-4 represents the poor reservoir quality. The numbers of porosity and permeability for HFU method is 32-40% and 19.3-29.4 Darcy (RRT-1); 31-39% and 5.3-18.3 Darcy (RRT-2); 20-36% and 0.4-6.8 Darcy (RRT-3); 15-34% and 0.01-0.4 Darcy (RRT-4), while for Windland R35 method is 31-40% and 7.7-29.4 Darcy (RRT-1); 30-39% and 4-10 Darcy (RRT-2); 24-38% and 0.2-6.8 Darcy (RRT-3); 15-33% and 0.01-0.2 Darcy (RRT-4). Based on the relationship between core permeability and predicted permeability from each RRT, the result of the Winland R35 method is better than the HFU method.
Diversity, structures assemblages and production of benthic communities on artificial reefs, a comparative case study in the English Channel
Authors: Vivier B , Dauvin J C , Navon M , Chasselin L , Deloor M , Rusig A M , Mussio I , Boutouil M , Salaün J , Claquin P
Published: August 2022

In this study, the diversity and structures assemblages of benthic communities present on artificial reefs (AR) immersed for 5 years were monitoring during a full year in 2020. The comparison of two different sites Bernières in the Bay of Seine and Cherbourg in the central part of the English Channel brings innovative results on the efficiency of such structures. Benthic fauna and macroalgae communities were studied; several biotic indices like Shannon-Wiener diversity index were calculated. Benthic fauna was classified according to their trophic group and the biomass was estimated. Our results pointed out strong differences for several indicators between sites and seasons. Benthic fauna was more abundant in the Bay of Seine and more diversified than in the Bay of Cherbourg. Primary producers’ diversity and biomass were higher in the Bay of Cherbourg and dominated by Rhodophyceae species. Primary production results showed that the Bay of Cherbourg was a more productive system than the Bay of Seine. This study highlighted the efficiency of such structures to create habitats and promote biomass and diversity of associated living communities. In comparable conditions, different systems were highlighted: a “primary producer reef” and a “primary consumer reef”.
From concretes to bioreceptive concretes, influence of concrete properties on the biological colonization of marine artificial structures
Authors: Hayek M , Salgues M , Souche J C , Weerdt K D , Pioch S
Published: August 2022

A main cause of biodiversity loss is artificialization of the marine environment (IPBES 2019). With 39,400 km2 of coastal and marine areas already encroached upon by human infrastructure and an increasing demand on space due to the growing global population – projected to reach 9 billion by 2050 – it is clear that humanity needs to find ways to prevent its activities from endangering biodiversity. To this end, since the 1990s ecologists have been trying to develop a win-win approach that unites ecological engineering with civil engineering. Today, civil engineers have a responsibility to incorporate eco-design processes in all construction projects underway to ensure that the latter benefit both humans and nature. Then, the new challenge of the 21st century is to develop eco-designed concretes that, in addition to their usual properties, provide improved bioreceptivity in order to enhance marine biodiversity without affecting the structure durability. The aim of this study is to master, clarify and classify the intrinsic parameters that influence the bioreceptivity (biocolonization) of cementitious materials in the marine environment. By using biofilm-culture-method (biofilm quantification), this study shows that the use of rough surface or slag cement CEM III and the surface treatment with green formwork oil enhance the biocolonization of cementitious materials in the marine environment whereas the application of curing agent (hydrophobic surface coating) has the opposite effect. Among the influent parameters, surface roughness proved to be the factor that promotes biocolonization most effectively.
Biofabrication of a tri-layered 3D-bioprinted CSC-based malignant melanoma model for personalized cancer treatment
Authors: López de Andrés Julia , Ruiz-Toranzo Marta , Antich Cristina , Chocarro-Wrona Carlos , López-Ruíz Elena , Jiménez Gema , Marchal Juan Antonio
Published: August 2022

Conventional in vitro cancer models do not accurately reproduce the tumor microenvironment (TME), so three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinting represents an excellent tool to overcome their limitations. Here, two multicellular tri-layered malignant melanoma (MM) models composed by cancer stem cells (CSCs) isolated from a MM established cell line or a primary-patient derived cell line, fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, and endothelial cells, embedded within an agarose-collagen type I hydrogel were bioprinted. Embedded-cells showed high proliferation and metabolic activity, and actively remodeled their TME. MM hydrogels displayed similar rheological properties that skin and were able to support an early onset of vascularization. Besides, MM hydrogels displayed different response to vemurafenib compared with cell cultures, and supported tumorigenesis in murine xenotransplant achieving more mimetic in vivo models. For the first time a tri-layered 3D-bioprinted CSC-based human MM model is developed recreating TME in vitro and in vivo and response to treatment, being useful for precision treatment regimens against MM.
Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov functor for degenerate double affine Hecke algebras: algebraic theory
Authors: Liu Wille
Published: August 2022

In this article, we define an algebraic version of the Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov (KZ) functor for the degenerate double affine Hecke algebras (a.k.a. trigonometric Cherednik algebras). We compare it with the KZ monodromy functor constructed by Varagnolo–Vasserot. We prove the double centraliser property for our functor and give a characterisation of its kernel. We establish these results for a family of algebras, called quiver double Hecke algebras, which includes the degenerate double affine Hecke algebras as special cases.