bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Checklist of the agaricoid and similar morphology mycobiota of Paraíba State, Brazil
Authors: Valões-Araújo Juliane de Castro , Wartchow Felipe
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Brazil has a rich biodiversity, but many species remain to be discovered, studied and cataloged. In the Paraíba State, taxonomy studies on agaric fungi are still infrequent. Thus, this present work carried out a bibliographic review of fungal species belonging to orders Agaricales, Boletales, Cantharellales Gomphales and Russulales from the Paraíba State previously described or mentioned, because the knowledge about the fungal diversity in the region still remain disaggregated and poorly known. Thus, we organize and present information about the geographic distribution of the taxa in this checklist format. For the compilation of the results, for each species we present the published herbarium numbers and their respective citations. As results, we found 79 taxa belonging 41 genera, 22 families and five orders occurring in areas of the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga. So, this review is extremely important for the dissemination of the valuation of the State’s biodiversity providing information about our Brazilian biomes.
Documentário sobre o processo de criação em dança: história(s) e memória(s) do corpo em movimento
Authors: Wosniak Cristiane do Rocio
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Este artigo pretende refletir sobre uma perspectiva singular de produção histórica de/sobre dança. É a partir de uma relação interdisciplinar, que envolve a dança e o cinema, que o documentário A Alma do Gesto (2020) é tomado como eixo e objeto empírico de investigação para analisar o processo de criação em uma companhia de dança como produção de uma narrativa memorial sobre o gesto e o corpo em movimento mediado por tecnologia digital. A ancoragem teórica se apoia em autores que tratam de crítica de processo, arquivo memorial, história, documentário e mise-en-scène, como base para se repensar e concluir que, aqui, as fontes documentais primárias são atravessadas pela ficção dançante.
Abortion Lawfare in Mexico's Supreme Court: Between the Right to Health and Subnational Autonomy
Authors: Sieder Rachel , Espinosa Yacotzin Bravo
Published: December 2021

Abstract This article addresses Mexico's contentious politics of abortion, legal frames, and the role of the Supreme Court. In Mexico's federal system, subnational legislatures have been the principal site of abortion lawfare, with initiatives passed to both decriminalize and restrict access to abortion, pitting frames of women's rights to health against the fetal “right to life from the moment of conception.” In this article we offer a detailed mapping of critical junctures in Mexico's abortion lawfare since 2007, based on a review of draft decisions, public transcripts, and final rulings of the Supreme Court. We suggest that while the Court has appeared largely reactive to different legislative initiatives and legal challenges, failing to produce definitive rulings affirming women's universal right to abortion, its assertion of federal authority and its increasingly restricted reading of the scope of states’ policy-making powers has in practice favored the arguments put forward by the pro-choice movement, reaffirming and even expanding women's sexual and reproductive rights. We highlight a key area for future comparative inquiry on sexual and reproductive rights lawfare in Latin America: the interplay between supreme courts and subnational legislatures in federal systems, and the ways that this shapes movement and counter-movement framings and strategies.
As companhias brasileiras são socialmente sustentáveis? Uma análise das iniciativas nos relatórios de sustentabilidade de companhias brasileiras
Authors: Pinto Ligia Pires , Terreri André , Bianquini Heloisa
Published: December 2021

Resumo Este artigo apresenta um levantamento das iniciativas de sustentabilidade social adotadas por companhias que compõem o Ibovespa, utilizando seus relatórios de sustentabilidade publicados entre 2012 e 2016 como fontes de pesquisa. A pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar uma análise crítica do estado da arte da gestão da sustentabilidade social no contexto corporativo brasileiro. A metodologia adotada para a coleta e a sistematização dos dados foi a teorização fundamentada em dados (TFD). Os autores observaram correlações positivas entre a adoção de iniciativas de sustentabilidade social e o número de funcionários, a capitalização de mercado e a reputação das companhias. Observou-se também que, nos relatórios de sustentabilidade, o conceito de sustentabilidade é entendido de forma a privilegiar a dimensão ambiental, em detrimento do aspecto social, com exceção dos investimentos sociais. Por fim, verificou-se que a diversidade foi negligenciada em relação a outras categorias de iniciativas.
Determining a composite value for the saturated hydraulic conductivity in a recharge area of the Guarani Aquifer System, using pedotransfer functions
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Eduardo Dias de , Gastmans Didier , Sacchi Marcelo Donadelli , Rocha Rodrigo Esteves , Lima Camila de , Santos Vinícius dos
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is an essential property for modeling water and contaminants movement into aquifers. However, Ks is extremely variable, even when considering nearby locations, which poses a challenge for modeling at catchment scales. Field measurements of Ks are most of the time expensive, time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study aimed to obtain, for modeling purposes, and using pedotransfer functions (PTFs), a composite value of Ks at a catchment scale, in a recharge area of the Guarani Aquifer System. Soil samples were taken across the study area, and the Ks for each sampling point were determined by several PTF methods. At the same locations, Ks field measurements were taken using a Guelph permeameter. Average values of Ks for all the sampling points calculated by PTFs were similar to the average value obtained by field measurements. The use of PTFs proved to be a faster and simpler method to efficiently determine the Ks value for the watershed and to capture the stochastic variation in terms of soil pore combination at the watershed scale.
AÇÕES AFIRMATIVAS DE PROMOÇÃO DA IGUALDADE RACIAL NA EDUCAÇÃO: LUTAS, CONQUISTAS E DESAFIOS
Authors: Gomes Nilma Lino , Silva Paulo Vinícius Baptista da , Brito José Eustáquio de
Published: December 2021

RESUMO As ações afirmativas de promoção da igualdade racial ressignificaram a luta pelo direito à educação no Brasil. A entrada de sujeitos pertencentes a coletivos diversos e historicamente tratados como desiguais no ensino superior, a presença de pessoas negras nos concursos públicos da administração federal por meio da implementação das cotas raciais, as várias iniciativas de ensino de história e cultura afro-brasileira e africana nas escolas da Educação Básica, bem como os direitos garantidos no Estatuto da Igualdade Racial, têm feito emergir diversos conhecimentos e experiências produzidos pelos sujeitos negros nas suas vivências políticas, sociais e culturais. Tudo isso tem transformado a ciência, a educação e a sociedade.
DISTÂNCIA PSICOLÓGICA NO MARKETING DE PRODUTOS NOSTÁLGICOS PARA COMUNIDADES EM DIÁSPORA: O CASO VENEZUELANO
Authors: Palomino-Tamayo Walter , Saksanian Maria Christina , Regalado-Pezúa Otto
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT With this first systematic review of specific literature about diaspora marketing, it was found that this emerging literature focuses mainly on opportunities related to trade, tourism, and the acculturation between countries with different languages in only one host country. This research contributes toward a greater understanding of diaspora buying behavior using the construal level theory, specifically regarding the purchase of nostalgic products and services, examining the case of Venezuelan diaspora in the broader international context of five host countries: Colombia, Peru, Chile, Ecuador, and Panama Another contribution is the use of e-WOM metrics derived from advertising posts on Instagram. The results show that diaspora consumers in host countries that have higher levels of individualism, less masculinity, and are further geographically from their homeland seek to consume greater amounts of nostalgic products.
THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF BUSINESS SCHOOLS BASED ON FACULTY ACTIVITIES: EXPLANATIONS FROM THE SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY
Authors: Romani-Dias Marcello , Biasoli Angela Maria Scroccaro , Carneiro Jorge , Barbosa Aline dos Santos
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The internationalization of higher education has gained in theoretical and empirical importance in recent decades. In this context, this article aims to describe and analyze the internationalization of business schools from the activities of their academics and based on the propositions defended by the Social Exchange Theory (SET). To achieve our goal we conducted 39 interviews with academics from business schools in the United States and Brazil, including Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Harvard, Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) and University of Sao Paulo (USP). We found that: (i) there are individual rewards that are not addressed by SET; (ii) there are benefits to third parties not covered by SET; (iii) certain non-rational choices are not provided by SET; and (iv) the condition of equivalence between costs and rewards provided by SET has its weaknesses. With these findings we add theoretical and empirical contributions to our theme.
Conflitos intraelite, cidadania e representação da minoria: o debate parlamentar sobre a reforma eleitoral de 1875
Authors: Dolhnikoff Miriam
Published: December 2021

Resumo: Analisa-se aqui o debate parlamentar que antecedeu a promulgação, no Brasil, da lei eleitoral conhecida como Lei do Terço (1875). Abordam-se duas questões que ganharam centralidade na discussão após a apresentação do projeto de reforma eleitoral: a adoção da eleição direta ou a manutenção da eleição em dois graus, e o método a ser utilizado para garantir a representação da minoria no Legislativo. Procura-se demonstrar que as divergências no interior da elite política expressavam diferentes concepções de governo representativo, tendo em vista a necessidade de obter legitimidade e eficácia decisória para o Estado, em um contexto escravista e de profunda hierarquia social. O Legislativo é apresentado como instância com papel decisivo para institucionalizar os conflitos entre os distintos setores da heterogênea elite política, com protagonismo dos partidos na articulação das propostas e no encaminhamento do debate.
The characteristics of alkali-activated slag mortar containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes at elevated temperature
Authors: Sedaghatdoost Arash , Bayati Mohammad , Hendi Ali , Vaezi Mohammad Sadegh
Published: December 2021

The effect of the addition of different concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 wt%) of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the mechanical properties and microstructure of alkali-activated slag (AAS) mortars at temperatures of 23, 200, 400, 600 and 800°C was investigated. To investigate the strength parameters of the specimens, the mechanical strength and mass loss of the specimens at ambient temperatures and after exposure to elevated temperatures were determined. Petrographic image analysis was also conducted to analyse the microstructures of the specimens. The Matlab image processing toolbox was used to calculate the pore area of the samples at room temperature. The results showed that the addition of MWCNTs improved the mechanical properties of the AAS mortars at both ambient and elevated temperatures: the compressive and flexural strengths of the mortars were improved by up to 69% and 85%, respectively. At 400°C, the compressive strength increase of the specimens compensated for the deterioration rate of about 3% mass loss. This temperature should be considered the maximum tolerable degree for AAS mortars.
Contact angle of Nepenthes slippery zone: results from measurement and model analysis
Authors: Wang Lixin , Pan Pan , Yan Shixing , Dong Shiyun
Published: December 2021

The slippery zone of Nepenthes alata depends on its highly evolved morphology and structure to show remarkable superhydrophobicity, which has gradually become a biomimetic prototype for developing superhydrophobic materials. However, the mechanism governing this phenomenon has not been fully revealed through a model analysis. In this paper, the superhydrophobicity of the slippery zone is studied by contact angle measurement, morphology/structure examination and model analysis. The slippery zone causes an ultrapure water droplet to produce a considerably high contact angle (155.11–158.30°) and has micro–nanoscale hierarchical structures consisting of lunate cells and wax coverings. According to the Cassie–Baxter equation and a self-defined infiltration coefficient, a model was established to analyse the effect of a structure characteristic on the contact angle. The analysis, result showed that the calculated contact angle (154.67–159.49°) was highly consistent with the measured contact angle, indicating that the established model can quantitatively characterise the relationship between the contact angle and the structure characteristic. The authors’ study provides some evidences to further reveal the superhydrophobic mechanism of the slippery zone of N. alata, as well as inspiring the biomimetic development of superhydrophobic surfaces.
The Efficacy of Basic Sentence Pattern Approach for EFL Learners in Writing
Authors: Koh Sungran
Published: December 2021

As a fundamental component of language, writing has been identified as the least proficient domain in acquiring a new language. Due to this universal idea, this research has been designed to find a more effective method to improve the writing skills of EFL learners and makes an attempt to investigate the effectiveness of a basic sentence pattern (BSP) drill through film corpus-based activities. To do this, as a pre-test, EFL learners were asked to make questionnaires with basic sentence patterns that translate Korean sentences into English to determine how much basic knowledge they had. For the questionnaires and the basic sentence pattern drill, the script of the American television series Modern Family (Lloyd & Levitan, 2014) was collected and categorized into five basic sentence patterns. Then, the learners were taught about the 5th basic sentence pattern, the most difficult pattern and were trained to practice this sentence pattern, repetitively, for a month. As a final step, they took a post-test after another month’s training. The results show the overall score was enhanced significantly from pre-test to post-test. This finding demonstrates that basic sentence patterns can enable EFL learners to develop their sentence accuracy in writing.
Real and false goals of artificial intelligence
Authors:   Manufacturers Association of Israel, Figovsky Oleg , Penskiy Oleg ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2021

The paper describes and justifies the possible dangers of artificial intelligence to human psychology. The manifestations of this danger in the modern world are illustrated by examples. Authors formulated and proved the hypothesis that under the influence of artificial intelligence on a person some changes in the ways of human thinking are possible. A mathematical model for calculating the influence of artificial intelligence on the psychological parameters of a person is proposed. In order to control the influence of artificial intelligence on society authors suggested to formulate specific goals for the integration of artificial intelligence into society, taking into account the negative impact of this intelligence on human psychology. Based on the formulated goals, a simple mathematical model is offered. This model allows for a quick numerical assessment of the impact society on the "psychology" of the robot and vice versa. Simple example of calculating this influence in modern society demonstrates the work of the proposed model.
Simulation of a tripled majority voter by Quartus Prime State Machine
Authors:   Perm Military Institute of National Guard Troops, Grekov Artem
Published: December 2021

A triple majority element based on a full adder in the Quartus Prime State Machine is investigated to create highly reliable FPGA-based digital automata. For this purpose, two new groups of inputs are added to the previously developed automaton graph. Modeling the failure of one of the three majorities is performed by specifying the corresponding constant in one of the three input groups. The performance indicators of the developed device are evaluated.
Digital literacy of the population as a factor in the development of the digital economy in Russia
Authors:   Perm Military Institute of the National Guard Forces of the Russian Federation, Rassadnev Eduard , Osipenko Andrey ,   Perm Military Institute of the National Guard Forces of the Russian Federation, Lubeyankov A. S. ,   Perm Military Institute of the National Guard Forces of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

The article discusses issues related to the concept of "digital literacy" of the population, shows the importance of the population's possession of competencies related to the field of digital literacy. Criteria for determining the level of digital literacy of the population are proposed. In this paper, the study of the theoretical foundations of digital literacy is based on the assumption that a necessary condition for the formation of the digital economy in the country is to achieve not only quantitative indicators of the development of digital ecosystems (the number of connections to the Internet, data transfer rate, reasonable cost of Internet access, etc.) but also qualitative criteria, expressed in the level of digital literacy. The main trends in this area are reflected, current problems are identified, and prospects for the development of digital literacy and ways to improve it among the country's population are considered.
Influence of temperature processing on the constitutive and inducible resistance of rye seedlings to chloride salinization
Authors:   Perm State University, Chudinova L. A. , Yusupov D. R. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2021

We studied the growth rate of rye seedlings, as well as the dynamics of the content of soluble proteins and proline in the shoots during their adaptation to sharp (300 mM NaCl once, exposure time 9 days) and gradual (100 mM NaCl, then 100 mM NaCl after 2 days to the final concentration of 400 mM) salinity with sodium chloride in the presence or absence of thermal hardening (+40°C, 3 h). The established dy-namics of the content of proline and soluble proteins in the shoots suggests that the formation of re-sistance to salinity is determined by the high constitutive level of proline, as well as the stress-inducible synthesis of proline and water-soluble proteins. Thermal pretreatment of the seedlings stimulated their constitutive stability to a greater extent. The detected metabolic changes are obviously related to one of the possible mechanisms of the protective effect of thermal hardening on subsequent salinization.
Assessment of the state of populations of protected plants species in Russko-Polyansky municipal district of Omsk region
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Plikina Natalya V. , Efremov Andrey N. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Samoilova Galina V. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2021

The results of monitoring the populations of protected plant species of the Omsk region in the territories of Russko-Polyansky municipal district are presented. During the research 210 cenopopulations of 32 of protected plants species were found in total. The locations of 20 protected species at the regional level were identified at the studied district for the first time: Adonis villosa, A. volgensis, Allium clathratum, Alyssum lenense, Astragalus buchtormensis, A. stenoceras, Dianthus ramosissimus, Ephedra distachya, Fritillaria meleagroides, Hedysarum gmelinii, Iris halophila, I. humilis, Linum perenne, Orostachys spinosa, Puccinellia gigantea, Ranunculus polyrhizos, Stipa lessingiana, Tanacetum millefolium, Tulipa patens, Valeriana tuberose. Two species (Stipa pennata, S. zalesskii) have considered as federal protected objects. Three sites were identified where the maximum number of protected species in natural habitats is concentrated, one of them has now received the status of a specially protected natural area of local and regional significance.
Characteristics of physical development of primary school-aged children (Perm, cross-sectional study, 2019)
Authors:   Perm State University, Gorbunova Victoria V. , Otavina Marina L. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Lir Daria N. ,   E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Gavrilova Irina N. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Ogarysheva Natalia V. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Chihacheva Elena B. ,   GBUZ PK "Children's Clinical Hospital named after P.I. Pichugin"
Published: December 2021

An anthropometric study of 607 primary school-aged children (7 to 11 years old) showed that the height and body weight values were within the normal range in 90% of children, and the body mass index [BMI] – in >70%. For the height and body weight, this range involved the values from –2SDS to +2SDS (stand-ard deviations from the age-specific median value). For BMI, values in the range from –2SDS to +1SDS were considered normal. The distribution of the age-based weight and height parameters as related to WHO reference standards demonstrated the right shift by 0.33-0.53 SDS, i.e. towards higher values. It was shown that 75 children (12.4%) were obese. Other researchers, who conducted similar measurements in different regions of Russia, reported about the same proportion of children with obesity. Among prima-ry schoolers, the incidence of obesity was higher in boys.
Assessment of the impact of emissions from mobile sources on the incidence of respiratory diseases in the population of the Perm region
Authors:   Ural State Research Institute of Regional Ecological Problems, Meshchurova Tatiana A.
Published: December 2021

The article summarizes the accumulated actual data on the dynamics of emissions of pollutants from mobile sources and the incidence of respiratory diseases in the Perm Region. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that over a long-term period (2006–2018), against the background of an increase in the mass of emissions from mobile sources, there is an increase in the first-time detected respiratory diseases of children and adults in the region. Significant correlation coefficients were obtained between the values of emissions from mobile sources and the indicators of respiratory diseases in adults (r=0.70 – high correlation) and children (r=0.61 – average correlation). The dependence of the occurrence of human respiratory diseases on air pollution from mobile sources in the Perm Region was revealed. The study is of practical importance for making decisions on the implementation of measures to reduce the negative impact of mobile sources on the health of the population of the region.
STRATEGIC FOOD BALANCE PLANNING METHODOLOGY: AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT AND VALIDATION RESULTS
Authors:   Penza State University, Samygin Denis Yu.
Published: December 2021

T he study focuses on the need to improve the food balances forecasting and formation methodology which, unlike the previous one, should consider the requirements of the 2020 RF Food Security Doctrine. The author hypothesizes that the strategic food balance planning methodology should be clarified by its application algorithm and extended with the indicators characterizing the status of the key food security criteria per capita. The paper provides author’s interpretation of the food security criteria and gives the indicators for their evaluation which conceptually underlie the development of the strategic food balance planning tools. The first stage of the research complements the structure of the food balance with a number of significant indicators which reveal the deficit (abundance) level of the sources for food resources and domestic consumption of the goods against the approved reasonable norms. The second stage proposes the food balance data based indicators for evaluating national food security. The thresholds of these indicators have been clarified, while these indicators identify the development degree of the key food criteria. This arises from the available sources in the country in general and their types in particular. The third stage of the research deals with validating the author’s methodology by the main types of goods specified in the RF Food Security Doctrine. The results of the research show that the current physical accessibility and economic affordability of the main types of foodstuff to the RF population could be maintained at the level of the reasonable norms against the goods reserves only within a short period of time. Domestic production should strategically back up food security in the long-term perspective. Further research is seen to be in improving the food balance strategic planning methodology in order to develop an algorithm for a computerbased information system designed to support managerial decision making in a food security sector. This gives qualitatively new prerequisites for strategic food balance planning digitalization.
"Talk to my father": re-thinking social exclusion and access to justice in the context of bridewealth negotiation
Authors: Diala Jane C
Published: December 2021

Broadly, the concept of social exclusion denotes a condition in which peopie are unabie to voice their opinion freeiy and fuiiy in matters affecting their iives. It often manifests as unequai respect for, and protection of people's rights based on gender, age, race, and simiiar demographics. Sociai inciusion has become a concern for poiicy deveiopment and impiementation, particuiariy in cuiturai matters, where tensions often arise between traditionai norms and universaiist State iaws. In this context, brideweaith payment in Southern Nigeria presents an intriguing iens for examining social exclusion. Here, women's exciusion from their own brideweaith negotiation iiiustrates the interpiay of agency and unequai power reiations, two twin elements that affect access to justice and policy development. So, in what ways does women's exclusion from bridewealth negotiation broaden understanding of access to justice and development programming? This article argues that women's cultural exclusion from bridewealth negotiation hinders their agency in marriage under customary law. Using data obtained from Southern Nigeria in 2016, it shows how the sustenance of social exclusion stands at the intersection of law, culture, and justice.
Perspectives: Introduction
Authors: Parle Julie
Published: December 2021

In August 2019, economist Johan Fourie of Stellenbosch University invited Historia to publish a "reflection piece" he had written and presented in March that year at the University of the Free State. In it, he puts forward his views of what History does, what it ought to do, and how it can perhaps be done better here in (South) Africa. His central concern is with big data and digitising records. He issues a number of seemingly bold challenges and provocations to historians. A slightly edited version of that piece is reproduced below. Rather than publish it as a stand-alone piece, however, and in the spirit of respectful exchange, we are publishing four substantial engagements with several of the arguments made by Fourie. These responses are by Faeeza Ballim, Gerald Groenewald, Jennifer Upton and Tinashe Nyamunda, all of whom are experts in their respective fields and experienced in their craft. Each takes the substantive points made by Fourie seriously, and responds to them in different ways. Best read as perspectives on a complex and enduring debate amongst people who are mindful of the politics of the past as well as being critically engaged with what historians "do" in the present, they recognise the technological and methodological promises of digital histories and big data, but eloquently remind us too of their limitations and indeed their potential pitfalls. There is much more to discuss, not the least of which is the responsibility for the ownership of and access to such records in a democratic and socially just world. The authors' information is included at the close, after a brief "Response" by Fourie.
Quelques aspects du mythe du Juif errant chez Tsvetaeva
Authors: Henry Hélène
Published: December 2021

On étudie la présence et les avatars du « Juif errant » dans l’imaginaire créatif de Marina Tsvetaeva. Après un bref rappel de l’histoire du mythe dans la littérature européenne et russe, on le rattache aux motifs « romantiques » qui informent dès 1916 la poésie de Marina Tsvetaeva (errance, nuit, tempêtes, solitude, révolte, malédiction, etc.) En 1919, le « Juif errant » apparaît, dans les pièces Une aventure et Le Phénix, sous les traits de Casanova, « Agasfer de l’amour », paladin de l’Arioste, voyageur qui se guide aux étoiles, vieux magicien infiniment réincarné, désigné comme le « poète » par excellence. Plus tard, en 1924, au dénouement du Poème de la fin, on retrouve le motif de la judéité comme consubstantiel de l’ « élection » du poète, de sa grandeur et malédiction. Le Juif errant est l’emblème de la conception tsvetaevienne de la poésie comme anonymat éternel, archaïque et naturel, comme langage unique qui transcende l’espace et le temps. Rien d’étonnant Le Juif errant habite l’un des travaux ultimes de Tsvetaeva, à la veille de sa mort – la traduction du « Voyage » de Baudelaire, où l’on retrouve le « Juif errant [...] À qui rien ne suffit ».
L’essai de Marina Tsvetaeva Natalia Gontcharova. Sa vie, son œuvre
Authors: Medvedev Alexandre
Published: December 2021

Dans le présent article, l’auteur analyse la perception ontologique de la personnalité et de la peinture de « la meilleure peintre russe », Natalia Gontcharova, selon Marina Tsvetaeva. Il est question du rapprochement de cette vision avec celle de Martin Heidegger, ce qui peut être expliqué par la tradition propre à tous les deux auteurs (la poésie de Hölderlin et Rilke est à l’origine de l’ontologie de Tsvetaeva et Heidegger). La lecture ontologique par Tsvetaeva de la peinture de Gontcharova se manifeste également par une attention particulière portée aux images animales (Rozanov, Gauguin). Une attention spécifique est portée à certaines de ses techniques ekphrastiques. Ainsi, Tsvetaeva, Gontcharova et Heidegger sont présentés comme les porteurs du tournant ontologique dans la culture européenne de la première moitié du XXe siècle.
Особенности эмоционального интеллекта у подростков-сирот мегаполиса: семейный контекст
Authors: Гарифуллина Алия Динаровна
Published: December 2021

Одной из проблем, стоящих сегодня перед Центрами содействия семейному воспитанию в Москве, является выход подростков-сирот в самостоятельную жизнь. Особенностью крупных городов является необходимость ежедневной коммуникации с большим количеством людей из разных социальных групп. Между тем исследования показывают, что подростки-сироты не готовы к самостоятельной жизни. Так, многие сироты после выхода из интерната ведут иждивенческий образ жизни, страдают от зависимостей, совершают правонарушения. В статье проводится анализ зависимости эмоционального интеллекта подростков от фактора воспитания в семье. Под эмоциональным интеллектом понимают способность воспринимать, понимать, управлять и регулировать свои и чужие эмоции. В проведенном автором исследовании приняли участие 20 подростков-сирот, 20 подростков, находящихся в трудной жизненной ситуации, и 20 подростков, воспитывающихся в семье, — все в возрасте 13–15 лет. В исследовании использовались методики Nimstim stimulus set Н.Тоттенхем, «ЭмИн» Д. В. Люсина и методика когнитивной самооценки базальных эмоций Т. Дембо (в модификации Е. В. Трубановой). Были выдвинуты следующие гипотезы: 1) фактор воспитания вне семьи влияет на выраженность понимания своих и чужих эмоций у подростков; 2) подростки-сироты в отличие от подростков, воспитывающихся в семье, имеют более низкие показатели понимания эмоции другого человека по экспрессии лица.

Результаты исследования показали, что у подростков-сирот показатели по определению эмоционального состояния другого человека ниже, чем у подростков, воспитывающихся в семье, а показатели по пониманию своих эмоций — ниже, чем у подростков, находящихся в трудной жизненной ситуации. Сравнение результатов по опроснику «ЭмИн» Д. В. Люсина и тесту Nimstim stimulus set (Н.Тоттенхем) показало, что представление подростков-сирот о своей способности понимать эмоций других людей и их реальная способность не совпадают.

Сегодня существуют разные проекты для преодоления проблемы подростков-сирот — их неспособности к самостоятельной жизни. Тем не менее нужны проекты, нацеленные на решение психологических проблем подростковсирот через изменение городского пространства.
Parámetros tributarios actuales del cierre registral
Authors: Cobo Vallejo Alba María
Published: December 2021

La institución jurídica del Registro de la Propiedad encuentra su proyección en la esfera tributaria a través del cierre registral. Como filtro garantista para el cumplimiento de las obligaciones fiscales del contribuyente, el Registro de la Propiedad exige que el título que se presenta para su inscripción vaya acompañado de la acreditación del pago del impuesto, y de no ser así, el principal efecto que se desencadenaría sería la suspensión de la calificación por motivos fiscales. A este propósito, se analizarán los principales parámetros prácticos que se pueden plantear, a través del estudio de los supuestos que con frecuencia desencadenan el cierre, con especial observancia de las modificaciones normativas que sobre la materia se han generado como consecuencia de la crisis sanitaria originada por el COVID-19.
Digitalización y empleo: retos del futuro del trabajo desde una perspectiva de género
Authors: Durán Bernardino Manuela
Published: December 2021

La digitalización progresiva de los sectores económicos y el imparable desarrollo de la automatización y la inteligencia artificial implican una transformación de la estructura ocupacional planteando numerosos retos de futuro para el empleo. Este panorama, presente y de futuro, no afectará de la misma forma a mujeres y a hombres, ya que las mujeres se enfrentan a esta revolución tecnológica desde unas barreras y debilidades propia, que deben ser tenidas en cuenta. En este contexto, resulta de interés observar si existe, en qué medida y con qué garantías de eficacia, una red de seguridad con la que, por un lado, se minimicen las consecuencias negativas que esta transformación tiene en el empleo femenino y, por otro, se aprovechen las oportunidades de la digitalización en las mujeres. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es el de ofrecer una profundización sobre los retos laborales más importantes que plantea la digitalización en las mujeres. Para lo cual, se realizará, en primer lugar, el estudio de la formación continuada de las mujeres en competencias digitales, lo que aportará evidencias de la infrarrepresentación de la mujer en el empleo digital. En segundo lugar, el análisis de las competencias digitales y estratégicas para el acceso y desarrollo profesional de la mujer en el mercado laboral del futuro. En tercer lugar, el examen del impacto de la digitalización en las condiciones de trabajo de la mujer. Por último, se centra la atención en el teletrabajo, la conciliación y el estrés laboral. El presente artículo cuenta con el examen de las políticas públicas que se han implantado a nivel nacional e internacional para dar respuesta a las diferentes problemáticas vinculadas a la brecha digital de género y sus implicaciones en el ámbito laboral, acompañado de la revisión de los estudios y datos vinculados a los diferentes retos que plantea en el contexto español y de la Unión Europea, aportándose igualmente evidencias de otros contextos internacionales.
trabajo en la España de la Edad Moderna
Authors: Lousada Arochena José Fernando
Published: December 2021

Dentro del contexto de la evolución de los sistemas históricos de organización jurídica y social del trabajo en España, y su correlación con la periodificación de la Historia Universal (sistema de esclavitud en la Edad Antigua; sistema de servidumbre en la Edad Media; trabajo libre en la Edad Contemporánea), el estudio analiza la situación de transición entre el trabajo servil y el trabajo libre en la España de la Edad Moderna. Al respecto, se analizan cuatro escenarios: el trabajo en el entorno rural, predominantemente servil; el trabajo gremial en el entorno urbano, libre; el trabajo extragremial en el entorno urbano, con condiciones de trabajo más depauperadas; y el trabajo de las mujeres, en general de peor condición. Para ejemplificar la dialéctica entre trabajo servil y trabajo libre en la España de la Edad Moderna, finalmente se analiza la naturaleza jurídica de la relación existente entre Don Quijote y Sancho Panza, para concluir su condición de trabajo libre propio del contrato de trabajo por cuenta ajena, remunerado y en régimen de dependencia. La conclusión alcanzada en el análisis es que, desde la perspectiva de la organización del trabajo, la Edad Moderna ha supuesto la cohabitación entre el trabajo servil que proviene de la Edad Media (que era preponderante en el rural), con el trabajo libre que apunta hacia la Edad Contemporánea (que era preponderante en las ciudades).
Conflicting Experiences With Welcoming Encounters: Narratives of Newly Arrived Refugees in the Netherlands
Authors: Younes Younes , Ghorashi Halleh , Ponzoni Elena
Published: December 2021

Personal networks can be both enabling and constraining in inclusion practices. This study focuses on the contribution of a particular neighborhood initiative for refugees in Amsterdam. Earlier studies have shown that in the specific context of the Netherlands’ welfare state, institutional or citizen initiatives can constrain the actual inclusion of refugees. These studies argue that good intentions do not necessarily lead to inclusion because hierarchal relations reproduce subtle exclusionary structures that limit refugees’ inclusion as equals. Yet, building social contacts with locals is essential for inclusion. This article shows the simultaneous presence of inclusion and exclusion by engaging with narratives from Syrian refugees participating in a six‐month housing project initiated in an Amsterdam neighborhood. Residents and volunteers shared responsibilities for organizing daily life in the project. The result was an unexpected combination of Granovetter’s weak and strong ties, what we call “hybrid ties,” that were embedded within neighborhood dynamics and networks. Despite occasional clashes in expectations, this community‐based housing project enabled specific forms of personal relationships (through hybrid ties) that were essential in refugee participants’ later inclusion in the Netherlands.
Networks Amongst Syrians: Situated Migrant Positionalities and the Impact on Relational Embedding
Authors: Speed Francesca , Scurry Tracy , Edward Peter , Moufahim Mona
Published: December 2021

This article employs Yuval‐Davis concept of situated intersectionality to explore processes of relational embedding amongst Syrian migrants in the UK. By drawing on in‐depth interview data from 31 men and women living in North East England, we explore how varying social categories—or positionalities—intersect and shape personal networks and feelings of attachment amongst Syrians. We show how wider structural contexts and systems of social relations shape migrants’ sense of belonging and attachment which can serve to enhance or weaken opportunities for social and economic inclusion. The findings reveal how, for Syrian migrants, wider macro level contexts determine immigration and asylum routes which in turn shape place‐specific opportunity structures that impact on micro individual level processes of relational embedding. We develop the term “migrant positionalities” as a social category to capture the multiple experiences of migration and asylum and the power dynamics that determine opportunity structures and processes of embedding. We contribute to the debates in this field by demonstrating how the wider structural context can lead to a multiplicity of immigration and asylum experiences for individuals, resulting in differences in support and rights that go on to shape processes of embedding and personal networks. By employing a situated intersectional lens, we also demonstrate how and why processes of relational embedding differ amongst migrants of the same nationality on the basis of social positionings such as ethnicity, class, and religion, that are situated in context, time, and space.
Intergenerational Friendship as a Conduit for Social Inclusion? Insights from the “Book‐Ends”
Authors: Korkiamäki Riikka , Elliott O'Dare Catherine
Published: December 2021

Friendship is said to promote psychological and physical well‐being and increase social inclusion. Yet, intergenerational friendship has garnered little research attention due to the assumed dominance of age homophily in friendship. In this article we explore intergenerational friendship from the perspective of “younger” and “older” friends at the “generational book‐ends” of the life course. We focus on the role that intergenerational friendship plays in processes of social inclusion in the everyday lives of the participants, bringing together a study conducted in Finland and one in Ireland. Both studies employ qualitative methodology, drawing from interviews with 31 young people who were refugees (aged 13–18) in Finland and 23 older people (aged 65+) in Ireland. Our findings reveal that the younger and the older participants concur on the qualities and benefits of intergenerational friendship. Additionally, while age is not a uniform definer of friendships, differences in chronological age are not meaningless but support caring, enjoyment, and inclusion in alternative ways compared to peer‐aged friendships. Access to diverse company, distinct support, broader networks, and alternative identities lead to increased experiences of social inclusion at a personal and societal level. We conclude by calling on policy makers and communities to create spaces and opportunities for inclusion through friendship for all generations.
Structural Embeddedness in Transnational Social Fields: Personal Networks, International (Im)Mobilities, and the Migratory Capital Paradox
Authors: Hosnedlová Renáta , Fradejas‐García Ignacio , Lubbers Miranda J. , Molina José Luis
Published: December 2021

In this article we focus on individuals’ structural embeddedness in transnational social fields (TSFs) and examine how this is related to patterns of international mobility. The main argument is that the structure of TSFs matters for (im)mobility trajectories, and thus all actors (migrants, non‐migrants, and returnees) need to be examined as a whole to obtain a deeper understanding of the role of social networks in processes of transnational mobility. Taking the case of Romanian migrants in Spain as a TSF connecting their place of origin (Dâmbovița in Romania) with their destination (Castelló in Spain), we analyze survey data for 303 migrants, non‐migrants, and returnees, sampled through an RDS‐like binational link‐tracing design. We then categorize types of personal network using an international mobility scale to assess the degree of structural embeddedness in the TSF. An important contribution is the rigorous operationalization of TSF and assessment of the level of migratory capital of each individual. Our results reveal that migratory capital is not always linked positively with high mobility patterns and that its role is strongly related to the overall composition and structure of the TSF.
Análise da agricultura orgânica na Região Sul do Brasil, sob a perspectiva da sustentabilidade
Authors: Cidon Camila , Theis Vanessa , Schreiber Dusan , Haubert Bruna , Fagundes Camila
Published: December 2021

A agricultura familiar, aliada às práticas agroecológicas, pode minimizar os efeitos nocivos da agricultura convencional em larga escala e contribuir para a mitigação do aquecimento global. A grande questão que se sobressai é se essa forma de produção poderá suprir o acréscimo de demanda esperada, substituindo o modelo de produção em escala, em um contexto de aumento populacional previsto para as próximas décadas. Com o propósito de caracterizar os aspectos sustentáveis da agricultura orgânica, a fim de evidenciar os pontos fortes, fracos e desafios no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, foram realizadas entrevistas com dois especialistas de uma instituição governamental de apoio tecnológico a extensão agropecuária, localizada no Estado. Como principais resultados, destaca-se que a agricultura orgânica apresenta potencial de inovação tecnológica, capaz de promover o equilíbrio do meio ambiente, ser rentável para os produtores, influenciar na identidade social e contribuir para a saúde e bem-estar dos consumidores. Dentre as fragilidades, constataram-se o envelhecimento do campo, a falta de desenvolvimento tecnológico para substituir a mecanização e a dependência de combustíveis fósseis. Os desafios demandam incentivos públicos, para promover mais inovação e estímulos financeiros aos pequenos agricultores. Como limitações da pesquisa, destaca-se a falta de aplicação prática dos elementos descritos e o número de profissionais entrevistados. Contudo, por se tratar de gestores que são considerados formadores de opinião e possuem legitimidade institucional, acredita-se que o estudo fornece importantes contribuições para o aprimoramento do conhecimento científico e sugestão de trabalhos futuros.
Melhoramento genético participativo de alface resistente ao LMV para a agricultura orgânica
Authors: Silva Sylmara , Souza Douglas Correa de , Proença Inês Caroline de Lima , Rosado Renato Domiciano Silva , Gomes Luiz Antônio Augusto
Published: December 2021

A alface é a hortaliça folhosa mais importante no mundo, sendo bastante promissora para sistemas de cultivo orgânico, especialmente quando implantados utilizando-se de cultivares resistentes às principais doenças. Dentre estas doenças destaca-se o Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV), que ocorre em praticamente todas as regiões brasileiras. O objetivo com este trabalho foi estimar parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos e selecionar progênies F2:4 de alface, oriundas de processo de melhoramento participativo, com vistas à identificação de progênies homozigotas resistentes ao LMV para cultivo em sistema orgânico. O delineamento em blocos casualizados foi utilizado com quatro repetições e oito plantas por parcela. Foram avaliados 30 tratamentos, sendo 27 progênies F2:4, seus genitores (cultivar Salinas 88, resistente ao LMV e a cultivar Colorado, suscetível), além da cultivar Regina 71, como testemunha suscetível. Quando as plantas atingiram 5-6 folhas foi realizada a inoculação. Utilizando-se as notas médias da manifestação dos sintomas, obtidas aos 25 dias após a inoculação, aferidas por três avaliadores, foi realizada a análise de variância e o teste de Dunnett. As progênies AFX 024D 1309 3306, AFX 024D 1241 3126, AFX 024D 1309 3487, AFX 024D 1228 3421 e AFX 024D 1211 3167, foram selecionadas para avançar no programa de melhoramento, visando a obter novas cultivares resistentes ao LMV. As progênies AFX 024D 1309 3306 e AFX 024D 1241 3126, mostraram-se homozigotas recessivas, apresentando resistência ao LMV, sendo materiais potenciais para utilização direta em programas de melhoramento e para avaliação junto a produtores orgânicos.