bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lightlike hypersurfaces of an (ε)-para Sasakian manifold with a semi-symmetric non-metric connection
Authors: Erdoğan Feyza , Perktaş Selcen
Published: April 2019

In the present paper, we study a lightlike hypersurface, when the ambient
manifold is an (?)-para Sasakian manifold endowed with a semi-symmetric
non-metric connection. We obtain a condition for such a lightlike
hypersurface to be totally geodesic. We define invariant and screen
semi-invariant lightlike hypersurfaces of (?)-para Sasakian manifolds with a
semi-symmetric non-metric connection. Also, we obtain integrability
conditions for the distributions D ? ??? and D' ? ??? of a screen
semi-invariant lightlike hypersurface of an (?)-para Sasakian manifolds with
a semi-symmetric non-metric connection.
Weyl type theorems for selfadjoint operators on Krein spaces
Authors: An Il , Heo Jaeseong
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we introduce a notion of the J-kernel of a bounded linear
operator on a Krein space and study the J-Fredholm theory for Krein space
operators. Using J-Fredholm theory, we discuss when (a-)J-Weyl?s theorem or
(a-)J-Browder?s theorem holds for bounded linear operators on a Krein space
instead of a Hilbert space.
Energy decay for a degeneratewave equation under fractional derivative controls
Authors: Benaissa Abbes , Aichi Chahira
Published: April 2019

In this article, we consider a one-dimensional degenerate wave equation with
a boundary control condition of fractional derivative type. We show that the
problem is not uniformly stable by a spectrum method and we study the
polynomial stability using the semigroup theory of linear operators.
Optimal solutions and applications to nonlinear matrix and integral equations via simulation function
Authors: Hussain Azhar , Kanwal Tanzeela , Mitrovic Zoran , Radenovic Stojan
Published: April 2019

Based on the concepts of ?-proximal admissible mappings and simulation
function, we establish some best proximity point and coupled best proximity
point results in the context of b-complete b-metric spaces. We also provide
some concrete examples to illustrate the obtained results. Moreover, we
prove the existence of the solution of nonlinear integral equation and
positive definite solution of nonlinear matrix equation X = Q + ?m,i=1 A*i?(X)Ai-?m,i=1 B*i(X)Bi. The given results not only unify but also
generalize a number of existing results on the topic in the corresponding
literature.
A new method for finding the shape operator of a hypersurface in Euclidean 4-space
Authors: Uyar Düldül
Published: April 2019

In this paper, by taking a Frenet curve lying on a parametric or implicit
hypersurface and using the extended Darboux frame field of this curve, we
give a new method for calculating the shape operator?s matrix of the
hypersurface depending on the extended Darboux frame curvatures. This new
method enables us to obtain the Gaussian and mean curvatures of the
hypersurface depending on the geodesic torsions of the curve and the normal
curvatures of the hypersurface.
Shift commutator algebras and multipliers
Authors: Barrenechea A.L.
Published: April 2019

We determine the precise structure of all multipliers on the commutator
algebra associated to the shift operator on a Hilbert space. The problem has
its own interest by its connection with the theory of Toeplitz and Laurent
operators.
On warped product semi-slant submanifolds of nearly Trans-Sasakian manifolds
Authors: Ali Akram , Alkhaldi Ali , Ali Rifaqat
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we study warped product semi-slant submanifold of type M = NT
xf N? with slant fiber, isometrically immersed in a nearly Trans-Sasakian
manifold by finding necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of Weingarten
map. A characterization theorem is proved as main result.
Three limit representations of the core-EP inverse
Authors: Zhou Mengmeng , Chen Jianlong , Li Tingting , Wang Dingguo
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we present three limit representations of the core-EP inverse.
The first approach is based on the full-rank decomposition of a given
matrix. The second and third approaches, which depend on the explicit
expression of the core-EP inverse, are established. The corresponding limit
representations of the dual core-EP inverse are also given. In particular,
limit representations of the core and dual core inverse are derived.
Iterative approximation of positive solutions for fractional boundary value problem on the half-line
Authors: Chamekh Mourad , Ghanmi Abdeljabbar , Horrigue Samah
Published: April 2019

In this paper, an iterative method is applied to solve some p-Laplacian
boundary value problem involving Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative
operator. More precisely, we establish the existence of two positive
solutions. Moreover, we prove that these solutions are one maximal and the
other is minimal. An example is presented to illustrate our main result.
Finally, a numerical method to solve this problem is given.
Identification of points sources via time fractional diffusion equation
Authors: Ghanmi A. , Mdimagh R. , Saad I.B.
Published: April 2019

This article investigates the source identification in the fractional
diffusion equations, by performing a single measurement of the Cauchy data on
the accessible boundary. The main results of this work consist in giving an
identifiability result and establishing a local Lipschitz stability result.
To solve the inverse problem of identifying fractional sources from such
observations, a non-iterative algebraical method based on the Reciprocity
Gap functional is proposed.
Weak quasi-entwining structures
Authors: Alonso Álvarez , Fernádez Vilaboa , Rodríguez González
Published: April 2019

In this paper we introduce the notion of weak quasi-entwining structure as a
generalization of quasi-entwining structures and weak entwining structures.
Also, we formulate the notions of weak cleft extension, weak Galois
extension, and weak Galois extension with normal basis associated to a weak
quasientwining structure. Moreover, we prove that, under some suitable
conditions, there exists an equivalence between weak Galois extensions with
normal basis and weak cleft extensions. As particular instances, we recover
some results previously proved for Hopf quasigroups, weak Hopf quasigroups
and weak Hopf algebras.
A note on preservation of generalized Fredholm spectra in Berkani’s sense
Authors: Carpintero C. , Gutierrez A. , Rosas E. , Sanabria J.
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we study the relationships between the spectra derived from
B-Fredholm theory corresponding to two given bounded linear operators. The
main goal of this paper is to obtain sufficient conditions for which the
spectra derived from B-Fredholm theory corresponding to two given operators
are respectively the same. Among other results, we prove that B-Fredholm
type spectral properties for an operator and its restriction are equivalent,
as well as obtain conditions for which B-Fredholm type spectral properties
corresponding to two given operators are the same. As application of our
results, we obtain conditions for which the above mentioned spectra and the
spectra derived from the classical Fredholm theory are the same.
Order-Lipschitz mappings restricted with linear bounded mappings in normed vector spaces without normalities of involving cones via methods of upper and lower solutions
Authors: Jiang Shujun , Li Zhilong
Published: April 2019

In this paper, without assuming the normalities of cones, we prove some new
fixed point theorems of order-Lipschitz mappings restricted with linear
bounded mappings in normed vector space in the framework of w-convergence
via the method of upper and lower solutions. It is worth mentioning that the
unique existence result of fixed points in this paper, presents a
characterization of Picard-completeness of order-Lipschitz mappings.
Best proximity coincidence point theorems for generalized non-linear contraction mappings
Authors: Komal Somayya , Kumam Poom , Khammahawong Konrawut , Sitthithakerngkiet Kanokwan
Published: April 2019

In this paper, weobtained best proximity coincidence point theorems for
?-Geraghty contractions in the setting of complete metric spaces by using
weak P-property. Also we presented some examples to prove the validity of
our results. Our results extended and unify many existing results in the
literature. Moreover, in the last section as applications of our main
results, we can apply some coincidence best proximity point and coupled
coincidence proximity point on metric spaces endowed with an arbitrary
binary relation.
Laguerre-Freud equations associated with the Hq-semiclassical forms of class one
Authors: Zaatra Mohamed
Published: April 2019

We give the system of Laguerre-Freud equations for the recurrence coefficients
?n, ?n+1, n ? 0 of orthogonal polynomials with respect to a Hq-semiclassical
form (linear functional) of class one. The system is solved in the case when
?n = tn-1-tn and n+1 =-t2n with tn?0, n ? 0 and t-1 = 0. There are
essentially three canonical cases.
Calculation of the channel discharge function for the generalized lightning traveling current source return stroke model
Authors: Pavlovic Dragan , Milovanovic Gradimir , Cvetic Jovan
Published: April 2019

The generalized lightning traveling current source return stroke model (also
called GTCS model) represents generalization of all engineering lightning
return stroke models that is generalization of the transmission line (TL
models, also called current propagation models) and traveling current source
models (TCS models, also known as current generation models). The channel
discharge function was introduced and calculated for special cases within
the GTCS model. We applied new numerical method for the calculation of the
channel discharge function. The proposed method is highly accurate,
extremely efficient and relatively simple.
Orthogonality of quasi-orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Bracciali Cleonice , Marcellán Francisco , Varma Serhan
Published: April 2019

A result of P?lya states that every sequence of quadrature formulas Qn(f)
with n nodes and positive Cotes numbers converges to the integral I(f) of
a continuous function f provided Qn(f) = I(f) for a space of algebraic
polynomials of certain degree that depends on n. The classical case when the
algebraic degree of precision is the highest possible is well-known and the
quadrature formulas are the Gaussian ones whose nodes coincide with the
zeros of the corresponding orthogonal polynomials and the Cotes (Christoffel)
numbers are expressed in terms of the so-called kernel polynomials. In many
cases it is reasonable to relax the requirement for the highest possible
degree of precision in order to gain the possibility to either approximate
integrals of more specific continuous functions that contain a polynomial
factor or to include additional fixed nodes. The construction of such
quadrature processes is related to quasi-orthogonal polynomials. Given a
sequence {Pn}n?0 of monic orthogonal polynomials and a fixed integer k, we
establish necessary and sufficient conditions so that the quasi-orthogonal
polynomials {Qn}n?0 defined by Qn(x) = Pn(x) + ?k-1,i=1 bi,nPn-i(x), n ?
0, with bi,n ? R, and bk-1,n ? 0 for n ? k-1, also constitute a sequence
of orthogonal polynomials. Therefore we solve the inverse problem for
linearly related orthogonal polynomials. The characterization turns out to
be equivalent to some nice recurrence formulas for the coefficients bi,n. We
employ these results to establish explicit relations between various types
of quadrature rules from the above relations. A number of illustrative
examples are provided.
Effect of organic coatings of nanoaluminum on the burning rate of mixed compositions
Authors: Gorbenko Tatiana , Gorbenko Mikhail , Orlova Maria
Published: April 2019

Mixed compositions based on ammonium perchlorate, inert fuel-binder and
nanosized aluminum, encapsulated with organic compounds, have been
experimentally studied. The study of aluminum powders using scanning
electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy was carried out.
The oxidation of aluminum powders was investigated by differential thermal
and thermogravimetric methods. The chemical composition of the condensed
products was determined by X-ray diffraction. The laws of mixed composition
combustion were determined in a wide pressure range. The possibility of
controlling the burning rate and the content of condensed combustion
products by using encapsulated nanoaluminum is shown.
Initiation and development of exothermic reactions during solid-phase synthesis under explosive loading
Authors: Tolkachev Vladimir , Ivanova Oksana , Zelepugin Sergey
Published: April 2019

The previous numerical and experimental studies of the solid-phase synthesis
of porous reactive mixtures (Al-S and Al-Tf) placed into cylindrical
ampoules subjected to explosive detonation revealed the sharp increase in
temperatures and pressures. The results have shown that high heat release
and high increase in pressure due to exothermic reactions in the mixture, on
the one hand, promote the faster development of reactions and, on the other
hand, contribute to the formation of a gas phase that, in turns, may lead
to the damage or even fracture of ampoules. This problem is solved by adding
an inert porous aluminum layer to the bottom part of the mixture.
Computations are carried out using the model of a multicomponent medium and
the finite element method. Numerical simulation has shown that in this case
the fracture of cylindrical ampoules is not observed.
Effect of coal dust on the air-methane mixture combustion in the Swiss-roll burner
Authors: Minkov Leonid , Moiseeva Kseniya
Published: April 2019

The 2-D numerical model has been developed to simulate the combustion of lean
coal-methane-air mixture in ?Swiss-roll? burner and investigate the effect
of coal particles content and mixture feed rate on the stable burner
operation. Five homogeneous and three heterogeneous chemical reactions are
considered. The Eulerian model for gas phase and the discrete particle model
(Lagrangian) for particle phase taking into account the radiation are used
in this study. Simulations are performed for the two turns ?Swiss roll?
burner with heat insulated outer wall, channel width of 6 mm and inner wall
thickness of 2 mm. It is shown that the presence of coal particles in a lean
methane-air mixture expands the range of stable operation of the
"Swiss-roll" burner. It is found that an increase in the content of coal
particles reduces the combustion time of the particles by in-creasing the
combustion temperature, changes the shape of the reaction zone, and shifts
it to the burner inlet.
The variation of storage and heat energy in AISI 304 under plastic deformation
Authors: Lunev Alexey , Nadezhkin Mikhail
Published: April 2019

The results of the analysis of heat and stored energy variation in stainless
steel AISI 304 under tension are presented in this work. The distributions
of temperature and strain on the surface of specimens have been obtained by
using infrared thermography and the digital image correlation of laser
speckle patterns techniques. It has been found that the plastic flow
diagram consists of two linear stages. The first one is characterized by the
monotonic growth in evolved heat. At the second linear stage the portion of
stored energy rises, that is connected with the growth in the rate of
martensitic transformations. A temperature fluctuation in the center of a
specimen at the true strain over 0.4 appears due to the motion of localized
strain bands, which are also the sources of heat.
Minimum eccentric connectivity index for graphs with fixed order and fixed number of pendant vertices
Authors: Devillez Gauvain , Hertz Alain , Mélot Hadrien , Hauweele Pierre
Published: April 2019

The eccentric connectivity index of a connected graph G is the sum over all vertices v of the product dG(v)eG(v), where dG(v) is the degree of v in G and eG(v) is the maximum distance between v and any other vertex of G. We characterize, with a new elegant proof, those graphs which have the smallest eccentric connectivity index among all connected graphs of a given order n. Then, given two integers n and p with p ? n - 1, we characterize those graphs which have the smallest eccentric connectivity index among all connected graphs of order n with p pendant vertices.
Initial Evidence of U.S. Audit Partner Identification in Form AP Shows Limited Impact on Audit Quality
Authors: Cunningham Lauren M. , Stein Sarah E. , Wright Nicole S.
Published: April 2019

This article summarizes a study (Cunningham, Li, Stein, and Wright 2019) in which we examine the initial impact of Form AP partner disclosure on audit quality. One difficulty with studying the effect of Form AP is that general time trends likely occurred even in the absence of partner disclosure. Our study addresses this concern by comparing two groups of audits: those experiencing partner name disclosure for the first time (treatment) and those not subject to the same shock (control). If Form AP was effective at driving immediate improvement in audit quality, any change for the treatment group should be greater than the control group. We conclude that audit quality appears to improve year-over-year; however, significant differences do not exist between these two groups in most of our tests, suggesting that partner disclosure does not explain these general trends. Further research is necessary to evaluate other potential impacts of Form AP.
Reengineering the Audit with Blockchain and Smart Contracts
Authors: Rozario Andrea M. , Thomas Chanta
Published: April 2019

Blockchain and smart contracts are evolving business practices by enhancing efficiencies and transparency in the value chain. The fusion of these innovations is also likely to transform auditing by automating workflows but more importantly, by enhancing audit effectiveness and reporting. This paper envisions the future financial statement audit by proposing an external audit blockchain that supports smart audit procedures. The external audit blockchain has the potential to improve audit quality and narrow the expectation gap between auditors, financial statement users, and regulatory bodies.
Physical Understanding of Transient Generation of Tire Lateral Force and Aligning Torque
Authors: Sarkisov Pavel , Prokop Günther , Kubenz Jan , Popov Sergey
Published: April 2019

Increasing vehicle performance requirements and virtualization of the development process require more understanding of the physical background of tire behavior, especially in transient rolling conditions with combined slip. The focus of this research is the physical description of the transient generation of tire lateral force and aligning torque. Apart from tire force and torque measurements, two further issues were investigated experimentally. Using acceleration measurement on the tire inner liner, it was observed that the contact patch shape of the rolling tire changes nonlinearly with slip angle and becomes asymmetric. Optical measurement outside and inside the tire has clarified that carcass lateral bending features both shear and rotation angle of its cross sections. A physical simulation model was developed that considers the observed effects. The model was qualitatively validated using not only tire force and torque responses but also deformation of the tire carcass. The model-based analysis explained which tire structural parameters are responsible for which criteria of tire performance. Change in the contact patch shape had a low impact on lateral force and aligning torque. Variation of carcass-bending behavior perceptibly influenced aligning torque generation.
Demonstration of a mobile laser cutting system for complex rescue operations
Authors: Brodesser Alexander , Hennigs Christian , Pfaff Alexander , Grafe Robert , Hustedt Michael , Kaierle Stefan
Published: April 2019

In the case of serious accidents, severely injured persons may be trapped inside damaged vehicles and thus must be rescued quickly. Typically, structural parts containing high-strength steels or fiber-reinforced plastics must be cut to generate rescue openings. Hence, mechanical rescue systems like hydraulic shears may reach their performance limits. Therefore, a mobile laser cutting device for rescuers has been developed, being suitable for harsh outdoor conditions and providing optimized robustness, handleability, and weight. A crucial aspect is the requirement of laser safety for all persons involved. Here, the description of the first version of a demonstration system consisting of a mobile laser cutting device for complex rescue operations is presented.
Tailored laser pulse method to manipulate filler wire melt metallurgy from thermal cycles
Authors: Robertson Stephanie M. , Frostevarg Jan , Kaplan Alexander F. H. , Hong Seong Min , Kim Jong-Hee , Bang Hee-Seon
Published: April 2019

A robust method is introduced to simulate and study the filler wire metallurgy for controlled cooling conditions after melting, enabling efficient mapping with prompt analysis of trends. Proposed is a reduced, though representative, process with more controllable conditions. Short lengths of filler wires are preplaced in a cavity, drilled into a base metal sheet. Irradiation by a pulsed laser beam melts the wire to generate a sample nugget. Pulse shaping influences the cooling rate, granting the ability to tailor weldament microstructures. The method is demonstrated for S1100QL steel and undermatched filler wire, to obtain high toughness for processes like laser-arc hybrid welding, where a representative thermal cycle is needed. For high toughness, a controlled amount of acicular ferrite and, in turn, nonmetallic inclusions is desirable. This “snapshot” method has revealed a characteristic histogram of inclusion sizes, for different pulse shapes. Additional information on the thermal cycle can be acquired by employing thermocouples, a pyrometer, or advanced methods like high speed imaging or modeling. The method offers a wide spectrum of variants and applications.
KARAKTERISTIK TEPUNG UBI JALAR (Ipomoea batatas L) TERMODIFIKASI SECARA FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN KOJI Bacillus subtilis DAN APLIKASINYA PADA PENGOLAHAN PANGAN
Authors: Velly Hervelly
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was obtained ratio of wheat flour and modified sweet potato flour that exactly on dried noodle, sweet bread and biscuits which can accepted by consumer.The experimental Randomized Block Design (RBD) was used in this study with one factor and two times replicated. The factor was recearched as between wheat flour and modified sweet potato flour with leves a0 (100% : 0%), a1 (0% : 100%), a2 (5% : 95%), a3 (10% : 90%), a4 (15% : 85%), a5 (20% : 80%), a6 (25% : 75%), a7 (30% : 70%) and a8 (35% : 65%).The result of study indicated that ratio between wheat flour and modified sweet potato flour was significantly effected on texture, flavour and taste of dried noodle, sweet bread and biscuits.The result of organoleptic test for dried noodle, sweet bread and biscuits obtained the best comparison between wheat flour and modified sweet potato flour of a8 (35% flour and 65% modified sweet potato flour. The results analysis of dried noodle was moisture 6,4039%, starch 29,6665 %, protein 6,2191% and cooking loss 18,7121%.The results analysis of sweet bread was mouisture 24,7525%, starch 32,9982% and protein 9,0174%. and the results anaysis of biscuits was mouisture 2,4390%, starch 4,8007% and protein 3,9785%.
OPTIMASI FORMULASI FLAKES BERBASIS TEPUNG UBI CILEMBU TEPUNG TAPIOKA SERTA TEPUNG KACANG HIJAU
Authors: Gozaly Thomas
Published: April 2019

The purpose this research is to determine the best formulation of Flakes have as a base  Cilembu sweet potato flour, tapioca flour,and green bean flour making using the Design Expert Application with Design D-optimal method. This research was done within two phases. The preliminary phase is was to determine starch and carotenoid in Cilembu sweet potato flour. The main this research is determine the best formulation of Flakes The respon in this research are chemical responses (including protein content, fat content, fyber content, and water content), physical response (including water absorption, and wrecked time), and sensory response (including color, aroma, flavor, and texture). The Flakes is made from Cilembu sweet potato flour, tapioca flour,and green bean flour. The application provides 11 formulations and made 1 formulations optimal, which Cilembu sweet potato flour 27,73%, tapioca flour 14,99%, and green bean flour 12,29%, sugar 14%, salt 1%, and water 30%. The responses results are 8,87% for protein content, 0,38% for fat content, 3,96% for crude fyber contect, 3,5% for water content, 141,03% for water absorption, 15 minutes wrecked time, 4,7 for color attribute before add milk, 5,33 for color attribute after add milk, 5,47 for flavor attribute after add milk, 5,27 for aroma attribute after add milk, 4,57 for flavor texture after add milk.
Buses on BusWorld Russia in Moscow
Authors: Rusak Zbigniew
Published: April 2019

Bus transport fairs Busworld is a series of fairs events in different places around the world; its aim is to present current offer of bus and coach producers, spare parts and equipment components that are part of system of passenger information and traffic management. In article published on 12/2018 the genesus of BusWorld Russia in Moscow, additional events and main bus producers has been discussed. In this article has been presented technical and operational parameters of buses presented during the fairs.
Analysis of punctuality and regularity of public transport buses on selected routes of Szczecin and Police
Authors: Regulski Paweł , Abramek Karol
Published: April 2019

The article presents an analysis of punctuality and regularity of public transport buses on selected routes of Szczecin and Police. Research were carried out in May 2018 on working days in the afternoon transport peak and in November 2018 on working days before the afternoon peak, during the afternoon transport peak and after the afternoon peak based on data from the Central Public Transport Management System They included two bus lines. Research indicated, among others, places of increased road traffic.
“Acaso lo mejor sea nacer lejos de todas partes…”: análisis semiológico de la tragedia «En el otro cuarto» (1940), de Samuel Ros
Authors: Arellano Claudio Moyano
Published: April 2019

La tragedia en un acto En el otro cuarto, de Samuel Ros, fue estrenada en 1940. Hoy, tanto ella como su autor parecen olvidados por la historia de la literatura. Este trabajo pretende mostrar la extraordinaria originalidad que supone esta obra, y más si se tiene en cuenta el yermo teatral que existía en la posguerra española, en el que los autores comprometidos con un teatro bien en lo estético, bien en lo ético, estaban en el exilio, encarcelados o enterrados. Se presenta un análisis, con una metodología semiológica, de esta tragedia de estética simbolista, centrado en tres aspectos: personajes, tiempo y espacio. Finalmente, las conclusiones muestran cómo Ros está legitimado para reivindicar su lugar en nuestra historia de la literatura.
Mathematical Model Predicting the Heat and Power Dissipated in an Electro-Conductive Contact in a Hybrid Woven Fabric
Authors: Hertleer Carla , Meul Jeroen , De Mey Gilbert , Vasile Simona , Odhiambo Sheilla A. , Van Langenhove Lieva
Published: April 2019

Electro-conductive (EC) yarns can be woven into a hybrid fabric to enable electrical current to flow through the fabric from one component A to another component B. These hybrid fabrics form the bases of woven e-textiles. However, at the crossing point of an EC yarn in warp and in weft direction, there is a contact resistance and thus generation of heat may occur in this area. Both phenomena are inseparable: if the contact resistance in the EC contact increases, the generated heat will increase as well. Predicting this electrical and thermal behavior of EC contacts in hybrid woven fabrics with stainless steel yarns is possible with a mathematical model based on the behavior of a metal oxide varistor (MOV). This paper will discuss in detail how this can be achieved.
Detection of antibiotic resistance and classical enterotoxin genes in coagulase -negative staphylococci isolated from poultry in Poland
Authors: Pyzik Ewelina , Marek Agnieszka , Stępień-Pyśniak Dagmara , Urban-Chmiel Renata , Jarosz Łukasz S. , Jagiełło-Podębska Izabella
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The study sought to characterise antimicrobial resistance among coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) species recovered from broiler chickens and turkeys in Poland including the presence of 12 antimicrobial resistance genes and five classical genes of staphylococcal enterotoxins. Material and Methods: A panel of 11 antimicrobial disks evaluated the phenotypic sensitivity of the tested strains to antibiotics. Five multiplex PCR assays were performed using primer pairs for specific detection of antibiotic resistance genes and staphylococcal enterotoxin A to E genes. Results: Selected antimicrobial agent susceptibility testing revealed 100% of such in in vitro conditions to cefoxitin among strains of Staphylococcus sciuri and S. chromogenes. The blaZ (for ß-lactam) and mecA (for methicillin resistance) genes were in 58.3% and 27.5% of strains, respectively. Among genes resistant to tetracyclines, tetK was most frequent. Fewer (CNS) strains showed genes resistant to macrolides, lincosamides, and florfenicol/chloramphenicol. Multiplex PCR for classical enterotoxins (A-E) detected the see gene in two S. hominis strains, while the seb gene producing enterotoxin B was found in one strain of S. epidermidis. Conclusion: CNS strains of Staphylococcus isolated from poultry were either phenotypically or genotypically multidrug resistant. Testing for the presence of the five classical enterotoxin genes showed that CNS strains, as in the case of S. aureus strains, can be a source of food intoxications.
Effects of tiletamine-xylazine-tramadol combination and its specific antagonist on AMPK in the brain of rats
Authors: Ma Ning , Li Xin , Wang Hong-bin , Gao Li , Xiao Jian-hua
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Tiletamine-xylazine-tramadol (XFM) has few side effects and can provide good sedation and analgesia. Adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can attenuate trigeminal neuralgia. The study aimed to investigate the effects of XFM and its specific antagonist on AMPK in different regions of the brain. Material and Methods: A model of XFM in the rat was established. A total of 72 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three equally sized groups: XFM anaesthesia (M group), antagonist (W group), and XFM with antagonist interactive groups (MW group). Eighteen SD rats were in the control group and were injected intraperitoneally with saline (C group). The rats were sacrificed and the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, thalamus, and brain stem were immediately separated, in order to detect AMPKα mRNA expression by quantitative PCR. Results: XFM was able to increase the mRNA expression of AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 in all brain regions, and the antagonist caused the opposite effect, although the effects of XFM could not be completely reversed in some areas. Conclusion: XFM can influence the expression of AMPK in the central nervous system of the rat, which can provide a reference for the future development of anaesthetics for animals.
Breeding profiles at the periparturient stage in captive red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) mating naturally or subjected to artificial insemination in Japan
Authors: Yatu Minoru , Sato Mitsuhiro , Kobayashi Jin , Ichijyo Toshihiro , Satoh Hiroshi , Oikawa Toshinori , Sato Shigeru
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Breeding profiles at the periparturient stage in red foxes which mated naturally or were subjected to artificial insemination were retrospectively surveyed using 130 vixens during their reproductive seasons of 2012–2017 in Japan. Material and Methods: Natural mating vixens were encouraged a maximum of three times with the same male, while artificial insemination was conducted using frozen-thawed semen with the bovine semen extender as a diluent. Results: With natural mating, conception rates after one, two, and three copulations were 55.8%, 68.0%, and 85.7%, respectively, showing a significant difference between the rates for one and three copulations. Conception rates with artificial insemination were 82.4%. Mean gestation periods were between 52.1 and 53.3 days in all groups. Mean litter sizes were 3.7–4.3 cubs with natural mating, and 4.4 cubs with artificial insemination. Although some sporadic and inconsistent changes in litter sizes were noted between primiparous and multiparous groups, these were of doubtful clinical importance. Conclusion: This is the first report from Japan concerning basic breeding events of red fox vixens in captivity.
The formal method in Germany and Russia: the beginnings of European psycholinguistics
Authors: Tchougounnikov Serge
Published: April 2019

German–Austrian psychology is a direct source of the European formalism movement both in the German context (Germany, Austria) as well as in Russia. This interest of the formalists in the corporeal component of linguistic and literary production has resulted in a particular research stream, which could be defined as a ‘linguo-somatic orientation’. In particular, this is the case of Alois Riegl’s [1] perceptive ‘tactile–optical’ method; Adolf von Hildebrand’s [2] architectonic conception; Konrad Fiedler’s [3] ‘sensorial aesthetics’; W. Wölfflin’s [4] ‘basic concepts’ of the art history, W. Worringer’s [5] psychological arts typology as well as Oskar Walzel’s sound-corporeal poetics elaborated during 1920 [6]. Within Russian formalism, psychological notions (such as ‘representation’, ‘sensation’, ‘apperception’, ‘series’, ‘clear and dark zones of consciousness’, ‘verbal gestures’ and ‘sound gestures’) are fundamental in nearly all the formalist conceptions (Viktor Šklovskij, Evgenij Polivanov, Lev Jakubinskij, Osip Brik, Boris Eixenbaum and Jurij Tynianov). This psychological background constitutes a rather heterogeneous constellation composed of psychological aesthetics and psychological linguistics of the second half of the 19th century. Independently of its intrinsic theoretical values, the formalist way of thinking about language and literature is based on the implicit dominance of psychology, which takes its sense only with respect to the German cognitive tradition, appropriated by the Geisteswissenschaften of this time. In this respect, European formalism participates in the large movement of psychologisation of the humanities. To this extent, the case of Russian formalism is really representative: it invites the rethinking of the genealogy of European structuralism in general. This accumulation of conceptual tools borrowed from the German psychological tradition also reveals a cognitive charge of the formalist theories. The latter constitute a conceptual link between the properly psychological past of the European Geisteswissenschaften and the ‘cognitive’ future of the actual research programmes. Beyond the borrowing of conceptual tools from the psychological trend, the formal method has found in psychology its inspiration for producing new models of analysis. This intrinsically cognitivist dimension of the formalist programme explains its late success during the 1950s–1960s, the period often and abusively called the period of the cognitivist revolution. In reality, it deals with the re-emergence of the research programme of the cognitivist sciences, rather exhaustively formulated by the German psychological tradition..
De Morgan’s laws and NEG-raising: a syntactic view
Authors: Krivochen Diego Gabriel
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we will motivate the application of specific rules of inference from the propositional calculus to natural language sentences. Specifically, we will analyse De Morgan’s laws, which pertain to the interaction of two central topics in syntactic research: negation and coordination. We will argue that the applicability of De Morgan’s laws to natural language structures can be derived from independently motivated operations of grammar and principles restricting the application of these operations. This has direct empirical consequences for the hypothesised relations between natural language and logic.
A shallow lake in an agricultural landscape – water quality, nutrient loads, future management
Authors: Dondajewska Renata , Gołdyn Ryszard , Messyasz Beata , Kowalczewska-Madura Katarzyna , Cerbin Sławek
Published: April 2019

Qualitative analyses of nitrogen and phosphorus loads reaching the lake ecosystem provide a basis for pollution control, which is of paramount importance in shallow lakes due to the rapid turn-over of matter and energy. The studies of both external and internal loading were conducted in Lake Łeknenskie, a very shallow, through-flow lake situated in Western Poland. Strong eutrophication is manifested in rich rush vegetation and a lack of submerged macrophytes as well as nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (max 13.04 mg N dm−3 and 0.32 mg P dm−3, respectively). Constant domination of cyanobacteria in the phytoplankton community was noted in almost all seasons with a 98% share in summer, resulting in 20 cm water transparency and 223 μg dm−3 of chlorophyll-a. The zooplankton community was dominated by rotifers. The main source of nutrients was the River Nielba. Spatial external nutrient loading was 1.93 g P m−2 yr−1 and 77.55 g N m−2 yr−1. An even higher load of phosphorus was released from the bottom sediments, 2.18 g P m−2 yr−1. A comprehensive action plan is required, aiming at the reduction of both external and internal nutrient loading. A series of solutions regarding local environmental conditions should be applied in the lake catchment, including biogeochemical barriers, denitrification walls, artificial retention basins or wetlands, but most of all – improvement in the functioning of the wastewater treatment plant. Restoration is possible, however, protection measures reducing external loading should be undertaken prior to phosphorus inactivation in the water column and in the bottom sediments, supported by biological methods e.g. biomanipulation.
Simulated nuclear contamination scenario, solid cancer risk assessment, and support to decision
Authors: Lima Sergio X. , Costa Karolina P. S. , Lima Zelmo R. , Rother Fagner C. , Araujo Olga M. O. , Vital Helio C. , Brum Tercio , Junior Wilson F. R. S. , Amorim Jose Carlos C. , Healy Matthew J. F. , Andrade Edson R.
Published: April 2019

The detonation of an (hypothetical) improvised nuclear device (IND) can generate atmospheric release of radioactive material in the form of particles and dust that ultimately contaminate the soil. In this study, the detonation of an IND in an urban area was simulated, and its effects on humans were determined. The risk of solid cancer development due to radiation was calculated by taking into account prompt radiation and whole-body exposure of individuals near the detonation site up to 10 km. The excess relative risk (ERR) of developing solid cancer was evaluated by using the mathematical relationships from the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) studies and those from the HotSpot code. The methodology consists of using output data obtained from simulations performed with the HotSpot health physics code plugging in such numbers into a specific given equation used by RERF to evaluate the resulting impact. Such a preliminary procedure is expected to facilitate the decision-making process significantly.
Radiation induced degradation of Congo red dye: a mechanistic study
Authors: Muneer Majid , Saeed Muhammad , Bhatti Ijaz Ahmad , Haq Atta-ul , Khosa Muhammad Kaleem , Jamal Muhammad Asghar , Ali Saddaqat
Published: April 2019

Synthetic dyes are persistent pollutants with poor biodegradability. The present study is about the degradation of direct Congo red dye in aqueous media using the Co-60 gamma radiation source. The experimental conditions such as gamma-ray absorbed doses, amount of oxidant (H2O2) and pH conditions were evaluated. The λmax of dye solution was noted as 498 nm, and then, decrease in absorbance and reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) were examined. The complete colour removal of dye was observed at 5 kGy, while a significant COD removal was observed at 15 kGy gamma-ray absorbed dose in conjunction with oxidant for 50 mg/L concentration. It was found that pH has no influence on degradation efficiency. A possible degradation pathway was proposed. The radiolytic end products were monitored by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to explore the degradation mechanism. It was imperative to study the oxidative degradation pathway to provide directions for potential applicability of advanced oxidation process (AOP) in industrial wastewater treatment.
‘Zero energy’ electron beam technology for sludge hygienization
Authors: Chmielewski Andrzej G. , Sudlitz Marcin
Published: April 2019

Large quantity of sewage sludge originating from wastewater treatment plants is becoming a growing problem from environmental and human health points of view. One of the ways to use sewage sludge is agricultural purpose due to its nutrients and organic matter content, but the condition is that it should be deprived of pathogenic bacteria and parasite egg contamination. Application of ionizing radiation to hygienize sewage sludge can make it appropriate for agricultural use. The process does not require addition of chemicals to sludge; it is environmentally friendly and effective in removal of biological threats. In the past, successful attempts of sewage sludge treatment using ionizing radiation were made. Pilot plants and commercial ones proved that pathogens can be easily removed from sewage sludge by ionizing radiation. The concept of ‘zero energy’ biogas plant is based on the construction of a complex system consisting of biogas plant and electron accelerator in the biofertilizer manufacturing line. Digestate originating from the methane fermentation of sewage sludge is irradiated to remove all pathogens using electron beam from an accelerator powered by electric energy obtained from burning biogas in a cogenerator. The product is a high-quality, biologically safe fertilizer.
Hydrophilic films based on starch and carboxymethyl starch
Authors: Wilpiszewska Katarzyna
Published: April 2019

The hydrophilic films based on starch and carboxymethyl starch (CMS) were obtained using cast method. The effect of CMS content on the physicochemical properties of prepared films were evaluated. With increasing content of starch derivative the moisture absorption, solubility in water as well as swelling ratio increased. The highest values of mechanical parameters (tensile strength and Young’s modulus) were determined for the starch/CMS film containing the lowest CMS amount, i.e. 10 wt.% (1.1 MPa, 15 MPa, respectively). For the same system the lowest moisture absorption, solubility in water as well as swelling ratio were reported. Thus, it could be concluded that for this system the highest crosslinking density has been achieved, what was confirmed by DMTA results. Such a film could potentially find application in food or agricultural industry.
Role of innate lymphoid cells in allergic diseases
Authors: Pasha M. Asghar , Patel Gargi , Hopp Russell , Yang Qi
Published: April 2019

Background: Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest and research into understanding the type 2 immune responses by the epithelium-derived cytokines interleukin (IL) 33, IL-25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a unique family
of effector immune cells that functionally resemble T cells but lack clonal distributed antigen receptors. Group 2 ILCs, ILC2s, are known for their capability to secrete proallergic cytokines, including IL-5 and IL-13. ILC2s are enriched at mucosal barriers in lung, gut, and skin, and their
activation has been associated with a variety of allergic disorders. Objective: To study the role of ILC2 in different allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed
for articles that reported on ILC2 in allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Results: A review of the literature revealed an important role of ILC2 in various allergic disorders. Conclusion: Identification
of ILC2s in patients with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis indicates that these cells may represent a new therapeutic target. In this review, we discussed the current understanding of ILC2 biology and its function and regulation in various allergic diseases.
Gasto promedio en gasolina y diésel en México. Propuesta metodológica de un indicador de escala municipal para Xalapa, Veracruz
Authors: Gómez Kevin Michel
Published: April 2019

Ante un contexto nacional de tendencias preocupantes de aumento en precios de venta de combustibles (gasolina y diésel) en la última década, acompañados de crecimiento poblacional y parque vehicular, en la presente investigación se analiza y propone la metodología de un indicador capaz de estimar los costos promedio y el gasto total en gasolina y diésel a nivel municipal para Xalapa, durante periodos cortos de tiempo para facilitar la consulta y utilidad inmediata de la información para cualquier ciudadano, identificando y georreferenciando las estaciones que brindan el menor costo mediante el uso de estadística oficial.Palabras clave: gasto; combustible; óptimo; indicador; municipal AbstractIn a national context of worrisome trends of increase in fuel sales prices (gasoline and diesel) in the last decade, accompanied by population growth, as well as vehicular park, in this investigation it is analyzed and proposed an indicator methodology capable of estimate the average costs and the total cost in gasoline and diesel at municipal level for Xalapa, for short periods of time to facilitate the consultation and immediate utility of the information for any citizen identifying and georeferencing stations that provide the lowest cost through the use of official statistics.Keywords: Cost; fuel; optimum; indicator; municipal
La situación educativa en Veracruz. Algunas consecuencias y alternativas para la empleabilidad en la era digital
Authors: Del Callejo Canal Diana , Canal Martínez Margarita , Guerra Osorno Irma Del Carmen
Published: April 2019

El presente artículo aborda un breve análisis sobre la situación educativa en Veracruz en el marco de la era digital. Se analiza la trayectoria de ingreso y egreso de niños y jóvenes en la educación básica, media superior y superior. Asimismo, se presentan solo ciertos aspectos concernientes a la eficiencia terminal y su relación con el mercado laboral; igualmente se esbozan algunas posibles alternativas de solución para que los egresados adquieran las competencias idóneas para insertarse en los mercados laborales estatales, nacionales y/o internacionales.  Palabras clave: Veracruz; educación pública escolarizada; eficiencia terminal; salarios, mercado laboral AbstractThis manuscript approaches a brief analysis of the Veracruz education in the digital era. We analyze the entry and exit track of children and young in basic, secondary and tertiary education. We present only a certain aspects concern to terminal efficiency and its relationship with the labor-market; we enunciate some possible alternatives for employability, in order to graduates can obtain the necessary skills for the state, national and international labor-market. Keywords: Veracruz; scholar public education; terminal efficiency; salaries, labor-market