bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Handling Missing Data Using Combination of Deletion Technique, Mean, Mode and Artificial Neural Network Imputation for Heart Disease Dataset
Authors: Desiani Anita , Dewi Novi Rustiana , Fauza Annisa Nur , Rachmatullah Naufal , Arhami Muhammad , Nawawi Muhammad
Published: October 2021

The University of California Irvine Heart disease dataset had missing data on several attributes. The missing data can loss the important information of the attributes, but it cannot be deleted immediately on dataset. To handle missing data, there are several ways including deletion, imputation by mean, mode, or with prediction methods. In this study, the missing data were handled by deletion technique if the attribute had more than 70% missing data. Otherwise, it were handled by mean and mode method to impute missing data that had missing data less or equal 1%. The artificial neural network was used to handle the attribute that had missing data more than 1%. The results of the techniques and methods used to handle missing data were measured based on the performance results of the classification method on data that has been handled the problem of missing data. In this study the classification method used is Artificial Neural Network, Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine, and K-Nearest Neighbor. The performance results of classification methods without handling missing data were compared with the performance results of classification methods after imputation missing data on dataset for accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and ROC. In addition, the comparison of the Mean Squared Error results was also used to see how close the predicted label in the classification was to the original label. The lowest Mean Squared Error wasobtained by Artificial Neural Network, which means that the Artificial Neural Network worked very well on dataset that has been handled missing data compared to other methods. The result of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity in each classification method showed that imputation missing data could increase the performance of classification, especially for the Artificial Neural Network method.
Analysis of Information Service Pricing Scheme Model Based on Customer Self-Selection
Authors: Indrawati Indrawati , Puspita Fitri Maya , Resmadona Resmadona , Yuliza Evi , Dwipurwani Oki , Octarina Sisca
Published: October 2021

This study attempts to analyze pricing schemes with monitoring cost and marginal cost for perfect substitute and quasi-linear utility functions for achieving Internet service Provider (ISP) in gaining benefit. Two types of customers analyzed, namely customers who are heterogeneous (both high-end and low-end) as well as heterogeneous customers (high-demand and low-demand) based on Flat-fee, usage-based, and two-part tariff are the three types of pricing methods employed. The results show that usage-based pricing schemes gain maximum profit optimal for heterogeneous customers (high-end and low-end), while for heterogeneous customers (high-demand and low-demand) type of pricing scheme two-part tariff obtains maximum profit optimal. The results of this study are more directed to the lemma of the perfect substitute utility function which compares the lemma of heterogeneous customers. This model was solved using LINGO 13.0 software and ISP to get maximum profit.
THE GOVERNANCE AND THE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF VILLAGE-OWNED ENTERPRISE USAHA PRAJA AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE COMMUNITY’S WELFARE IN DOPLANG VILLAGE BAWEN DISTRICT SEMARANG REGENCY
Authors: Afandi Pandi , Wibowo Mada Adi , Septiana Tri
Published: October 2021

This explanatory research aims to analyze the managerial influence of village-owned enterprise, Usaha Praja, toward the performance and the implication for the villagers’ welfare in Doplang, Bawen district, Semarang regency.  The researcher took 100 respondents purposively as the sample from the village community.  The results showed that the management significantly influenced the village-owned enterprise’s performance. The village-owned enterprise's performance influenced the village community’s welfare. Then, the village-owned enterprise’s management significantly influenced the community’s welfare. The contribution of the village-owned enterprise’s management and performance was 61.7%. The performance could mediate the correlation between the management and the community's welfare. The village-owned enterprise must encourage the community to support the village-owned enterprise's management with innovative and local-signature products.
Sıcak Presleme Yöntemiyle Üretilen Nb Takviyeli Mg Matrisli Kompozitlerin Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özellikleri
Authors: ERÇETİN Ali
Published: October 2021

Toz metalurjisi (T/M) yöntemi, kompozit malzemelerin üretiminde en iyi yöntemlerden birisidir. Ancak, magnezyum (Mg) tozlarının tutuşma riski sebebiyle Mg matrisli kompozitlerin bu yöntemle üretimi sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada, Mg matrisli Nb partikül takviyeli kompozitlerin sıcak presleme yöntemiyle üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toz karışımlarının hazırlanması işleminden önce Mg tozlarının havayla temasını önlemek için parafin ile kaplama işlemi uygulanmıştır. Sinterleme işlemleri 630 oC sıcaklıkta, 50 MPa basınç altında ve 90 dk süreyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mikroyapı incelemeleri taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), enerji dağılımlı spektroskopi (EDS) ve x-ışını kırınımı (XRD) analizleri ile, mekanik özellik incelemeleri ise sertlik testleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, %98’in üzerinde bağıl yoğunluk değerine sahip oldukça yoğun yapıda kompozitler elde edilmiştir. SEM görüntülerinde de gözenek oluşumuna rastlanmamıştır. XRD analizinde α-Mg, Mg2Sn, MgZn ve Nb fazlarına ait pikler oluşmuştur. Nb partikül takviyesi ile mekanik özelliklerde artış sağlanmıştır (80,1 HV(0,3)’den 101,3 HV(0,3)sertlik değerine kadar).
1923 Yılından Günümüze Apartman Tipi Konutlardaki Yatak Odası Gelişimi: Konya Örneği
Authors: HATİPOĞLU ŞAHİN Betül , DAĞ GÜRCAN Ayşenur
Published: October 2021

Cumhuriyetin kurulması ve sonrasında Sanayi Devriminin/endüstrileşmenin etkilerinin kentlerde hissedilmeye başlamasıyla konut sorunu ortaya çıkmıştır. Apartman tipi konut da en önemli konut sunum biçimlerinden bir tanesi olup, kentlerde kapladıkları alanlar dolayısıyla önem taşımaktadır. Çalışma alanı olarak seçilen Konya kenti de konut sorunundan etkilenmiştir. Bu nedenle farklı dönemlerde farklı tipte apartmanlar kentte yerini almıştır. Belirlenen dört dönem içinde üçer adet seçilen apartman tipi konutlarla, çalışmada on iki adet apartman mekân kurgusu bağlamında irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı ise; konutun en önemli birimlerinden olan, yatma-uyuma-dinlenme-giyinme bazen yıkanma gibi temel ihtiyaçları karşılayan “yatak odası” mekânının, belirlenen dönemler içindeki değişimini irdelemek olarak belirlenmiştir. İncelenen örneklerin planları üzerinden yapılan mekân okuması, erişim grafiği ve görünür alan analizleriyle yatak odası biriminin değişimi tartışmaya açılmak istenmiştir. Konutun en kişisel/mahrem mekânı olan yatak odasının değişimini tartışmaya açmak ve gelecek çalışmalara referans olmak amacıyla bu çalışmanın önemli olacağı öngörülmektedir.
Mechanical, Thermal and Surface Properties of a New Kind of Polybenzoylthiourea
Authors: KURT Gülşah
Published: October 2021

A new kind of polybenzoylthiourea polymer (PBTU) was synthesized through a polycondensation reaction between 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole and tereftaloyl diisothiocyanate inpoly(ethyleneglycol)dimethylether (PEG) as the phase transfer catalyst. Obtained polymer was highly soluble in organic solvents including dimethyl formamide (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in contrast to the insoluble nature of similar benzoylthiourea polymers reported in the literature. Solubility of the obtained polymer allowed us to measure the molecular weight of the obtained samples by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis. GPC analysis results interestingly showed bimodal molecular weight distribution probably due to the oligomeric PEG residuals during the work up procedure. Structure of the obtained polymer was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and the melting temperature (Tm) of the polymer was observed at 229oC and 304oC, respectively. Total pore volume and surface area of the polymer were calculated as 0.292 cm3/g and 17.773 m²/g, respectively. Hardness and elastic modulus of the obtained PBTU capsule were measured respectively as 2.353 GPa and 0.136 GPa using nanoindentation technique.
Kuru Yatakta Oluşan Baraj Yıkılmasının Sayısal Modellemesi
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Oğuz , İŞLEK Hüseyin , GÜMÜŞ Veysel
Published: October 2021

Baraj yıkılmasının meydana gelmesi durumunda özellikle barajın mansap bölgesinde oluşacak mal ve can kaybının en aza indirgenmesi ve barajın planlama aşamasında gerekli önlemlerin alınması için, baraj yıkılmasının sayısal modelleme teknikleriyle analiz edilmesi önemlidir. Ayrıca, mevcut barajların yayılım dalgasının mansap bölgesine olan etkisinin farklı senaryolarla analizi de bu yöntemler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, baraj mansabında herhangi bir yapı veya akım bulunmaması durumunda (kuru yatak) gerçekleşen baraj yıkılmasının sayısal modellemesi, sonlu hacimler yöntemiyle ANSYS- Fluent paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Sayısal modellemelerde baraj yıkılması yayılım dalgası akımını idare eden temel denklemlerin çözümünde, Re-normalization Grup k-ɛ (RNG), Kayma Gerilmesi Taşınım (Shear Stress Transport -SST) ve Ayrılmış Girdap Benzetim (Detached Eddy Simulation- DES) modelleri, su hava ara kesitinin belirlenmesinde ise akışkan hacimleri yöntemi (Volume of Fluid-VOF) kullanılmıştır. Farklı zamanlarda elde edilen deneysel ve sayısal su yüzü profillerinin karşılaştırılmasından, DES modelinin kullanılan diğer modellere kıyasla nispeten daha başarılı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, baraj yıkılması durumunda barajların mansap bölgesinin güvenlik önlemlerinin ve risk sınırlarının belirlenmesinde, sayısal modellemelerin güvenle kullanılabileceği görülmüştür.
Response Analysis Of The Lower Structure Of Girder Bridge With Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) And High Damping Rubber Bearing (HDRB) Due To Earthquake Excitation
Authors: Essen Donald , Sukainah Siti
Published: October 2021

Seismic isolation is a system to reduce seismic energy acting on the bridge by adding an object so-called base insulator. The purpose of this study is to obtain a comparison of dimension, damping ratio, and the lower structure response designed as a ductile component with High Damping Rubber Bearings (HDRB) and Lead Rubber Bearings (LRB). This study uses CSI BRIDGE 21 computer program. Earthquake forces analysis uses dynamic analysis with response spectra as final evaluation for the performance of lead rubber bearing and high damping rubber bearings and the load characteristics for bridges is following SNI 1725: 2016 and bridge design for earthquake load is following SNI 2833: 2016. The bridge performance is expected to no longer rely merely on the dimensions and stiffness of the pillars in response to earthquake loads, but also on LRB or HDRB as a structural device on bridge support by increasing the effectiveness of pillar stiffness in providing damping energy during an earthquake.
Analysis of tourism potential and the community perception in buffer village to support tourism development of Alas Purwo National Park
Authors: Irawanata M Habibi Yadi , Barus Baba , Kosmaryandi Nandi
Published: October 2021

The current sustainable development that the Indonesian government is paying attention to is the development of the tourism sector, one of which is establishing the Alas Purwo National Park (TNAP) as a National Tourism Development Area (KPPN). The determination of the TNAP area as a tourist attraction at the national level opens opportunities and a driving force for the TNAP buffer villages to become a development target that focuses on community empowerment and regional development based on regional resource potential. This study aims to analyze the potential objects and tourist attractions in the TNAP buffer village and to find out the perception and readiness of the community towards tourism development in the buffer village. The results of the analysis show that the TNAP buffer village has potential resources that are feasible to be developed as tourist objects and attractions. There are villages that have ODTW potential, including 3 villages with very potential (SP), 1 village potential (P), 4 villages with less potential (KP), and 4 villages that do not have ODTW potential. Tourism development must provide space for people around tourist objects to participate in tourism. The results of the assessment of the perceptions and readiness of the TNAP village community for tourism development illustrate that the community agrees with tourism development in the village. Communities involved in tourism development can respond positively in supporting tourism development activities.
Application of Project-Based Learning Through a STEM Approach to Improve Learning Outcomes During a Pandemic
Authors: Asri Yoana Nurul , Mursyidah Desta Sulaesih , Rizqi Vini
Published: October 2021

Research has been conducted on applying project-based learning (PjBL) through the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) approach during the pandemic. Tests were given to 30 first-year students conducted by Distance Learning (DL). The research method used a pre-post experimental one-group design. The results showed a minimum pretest score of 50 and a maximum value of 70. After being treated, the minimum posttest result was 75, and the maximum result was 90. There was a significant difference of 60 for the average pretest and posttest from the average pretest and posttest. The average posttest is 79.
Effectiveness of Mechanical Wave Learning Material Based on ICT Integrated CTL to Improve Students Learning Outcomes
Authors: Asrizal Asrizal , Utami Auvi Winandri
Published: October 2021

The 21st-century skills integrate life career skills, learning and innovation-4C, and information, media, and technology skills. The components are required to make the learning process more effective and efficient. 21st-century learning is transforming from teacher center to student center. Student-centered learning can use ICT-based learning material in the learning process. Based on preliminary research, the use of ICT-based learning material was still low. The solution to this problem was developing learning material based on ICT integrated CTL to improve student's learning outcomes. The method that used in this research was quasi-experiment. The sample in the field testing of learning material based on ICT was a grade XI of students at SMAN Lubuk Sikaping. The data collection instruments used were attitude observation sheets, written tests, and performance assessment sheets. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive statistical analysis, normality test, homogeneity test, and t-test. Based on data analysis, it can be stated that the application of mechanical wave learning material based on  ICT integrated CTL  has a significant effect on students' learning outcomes, including in the aspects of attitudes, knowledge, and skills. This result indicates that the use of mechanical wave learning material based on ICT  integrated CTL effectively improves students' learning outcomes
The Development of Learning Tools in Project-Based Learning Oriented Creative Thinking
Authors: Nursamsu Nursamsu , Rachmatsyah Rachmatsyah
Published: October 2021

Learning tools are a set of learning equipment arranged to support the learning process. The project-based learning model is considered as one of the excellent learning models in developing various basic skills within students, such as decision-making skills, creative thinking skills, and problem-solving skills. The design of research used a type validation study, which aims to prove learning theories. The results of the lesson plan validation test as the development of biology learning tools include a very feasible category with a score of 86.75%. The result of students’ worksheet validation is in a very good category with a value of 89.0%. The validation of teaching materials was categorized very well, with a value of 88.2%, and the validation of the evaluation sheet is in the very good category with a value of 88.53%. Furthermore, the practicality test to four teachers got responses about 78.13%, which indicates that the assessment is in good criteria. It can be concluded that the learning kits are feasible to be implemented in the learning activity process.
Some Aspects of Weighted Rayleigh Distribution
Authors: Zain Saad A. , Hussein Iden Hassan
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we proposed a new class of weighted Rayleigh distribution based on two parameters, scale and shape parameters which are introduced in Rayleigh distribution. The main properties of this class are investigated and derived.
On intuitionistic Fuzzy Asly Ideal of Ring
Authors: E. Showq Mohammed
Published: October 2021

In this paper we tend to describe the notions of intuitionistic fuzzy asly ideal of ring indicated by (I. F.ASLY) ideal and, we will explore some properties and connections about this concept.
Bayesian Estimators of the parameter and Reliability Function of Inverse Rayleigh Distribution" A comparison study "
Authors: Abod Masooma Ali , Gorgee Hazim Mansoor
Published: October 2021

In this paper, Bayesian estimator for the parameter and reliability function of inverse Rayleigh distribution (IRD) were obtained Under three types of loss function, namely, square error loss function (SELF), Modified Square error loss function (MSELF) and Precautionary loss function (PLF),taking into consideration the  informative and non- informative  prior. The performance of such estimators was assessed on the basis of mean square error (MSE) criterion by performing a Monte Carlo simulation technique.
Annealing Influence on Nanostructure's Optical Properties CdS Thin Films Prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition Technique
Authors: Abbas Esraa A.
Published: October 2021

In this work, the influence of the annealing temperature on the optical properties of the thin films Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) has been studied. Thin films of Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) were made using the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) method. The optical properties of annealing temperatures (as deposited, 200, 250, and 300  ) were scrupulous. The UV/VIS spectrophotometer investigated optical parameters such as transmission, the coefficient of absorption and energy gap of the films for the range (400-110 nm) as an assignment of the annealing temperature. The optical properties were calculated as a function of annealed temperature: absorption, transmission, reflection, band gap, coefficient of absorption, excitation coefficient and index of refraction.
Thickness Effect of CuAlTe2 Thin Films on Morphological, Structural and Visual Properties
Authors: Hassan Noor A. , Khudayer Iman Hameed
Published: October 2021

CuAlTe2 thin films were evaporation on glass substrates using the technique of thermal evaporation at different range of thickness (200,300,400and500) ±2nm. The structures of these films were investigated by X-ray diffraction method; showing that films possess a good crystalline in tetragonal structure. AFM showed that the grain size increased from (70.55-99.40) nm and the roughness increased from (2.08-3.65) nm by increasing the thickness from (200-500) nm. The optical properties measurements, such as absorbance, transmtance, reflectance, and optical constant as a function of wavelength showed that the direct energy gap decreased from (2.4-2.34) eV by the gain of the thickness.
⊕-s-extending modules
Authors: Al-Saadi Saad A. , Al-Rubaye Aya A.
Published: October 2021

The -s-extending modules will be purpose of this paper, a module M  is -s-extending if each submodule in M is essential in submodule has a supplement that is direct summand. Initially, we give relation between this concept with weakly supplement extending modules and -supplemented modules. In fact, we gives the following implications:

Lifting modules   -supplemented modules   -s-extending modules  weakly supplement extending modules.

It is also we give examples show that, the converse of this result is not true. Moreover, we study when the converse of this result is true.
Multi-Agent Systems: A Review Study
Authors: Jaleel Hanan Qassim , Stephan Jane Jaleel , Naji Sinan A.
Published: October 2021

Multi-agent systems are subfield of Artificial Intelligence that has experienced rapid growth because of its flexibility and intelligence in order to solve distributed problems. Multi-agent systems (MAS) have got interest from various researchers in different disciplines for solving sophisticated problems by dividing them into smaller tasks. These tasks can be assigned to agents as autonomous entities with their private database, which act on their environment, perceive, process, retain and recall by using multiple inputs. MAS can be defined as a network of individual agents that share knowledge and communicate with each other in order to solve a problem that is beyond the scope of a single agent. It is imperative to understand the characteristics of the individual agent or computing entity to distinguish a simple distributed system and multi-agent system. To solve each task, the agent can take the appropriate actions, decisions, and can cooperate with other agents to fulfill its goals or objectives. MAS has several applications including cloud computing, web advertisement, e-commerce, computer network, learning abilities, etc. This survey represents a comprehensive discussion of all aspects of MAS, and discusses an overview of MAS definitions, architecture, features, communications, organizations, and finally discusses the some of the real practical applications.
𝝎Mc –functions and 𝑵Mc-functions
Authors: Humadi Nadia Kadum , Ali Haider Jebur
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we presented new types of Mc-function by using 𝜔-open and 𝑁-open sets some of them are weaker than Mc-function and some are stronger, which are 𝜔Mc-function, M𝜔c-function, 𝜔M𝜔c-function, 𝑁Mc-function, M𝑁c-function and 𝑁M𝑁c-function, also we submitted new kinds of continuous functions and compact functions and we illustrated the relationships between these types. The purpose of this paper is to expand the study of Mcfunction and to get results that we need to find the relationship with the types that have been introduced.
Relationship between Fingerprint patterns and Multiple Intelligence among young adults in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Anambra State
Authors: Nkemjika Grace Nnama  , Damian Ezejindu
Published: October 2021

The field of neuroscience is fast emerging with the various types of intelligence becoming critical to the overall wellbeing of an individual. The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between fingerprint patterns and multiple intelligence among young adults (18-26 years) in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Anambra state. Two hundred and forty one subjects were enlisted in this study, comprising 140 females (58.1%) and 101 males (41.9%). Each subject filled the Howard Gardner model of Multiple intelligence test and were examined on the different forms of Multiple Intelligence: Linguistic, Logical, and Kinesthetic. Musical, Spatial, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal and Naturalist intelligences. Their fingerprint patterns were gotten with a fingerprint scanner. The data collected was analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS 2.0). Also Chi square test was used to test the differences between variable groups and analysis showed that intrapersonal intelligence had the highest percentage of 28.2% followed by logical and interpersonal intelligence. Naturalistic intelligence had the least percentage of 3.2%. Males also showed a higher dominance of Logical, interpersonal, spatial, and kinesthetic intelligence; whereas females showed higher musical, naturalistic, linguistic, and intrapersonal intelligence. Also, the highest occurrence for the loop fingerprint was found among students with intrapersonal and musical intelligence; the highest occurrence for whorl was found among students with spatial and kinesthetic intelligence; and the highest occurrence of arch is found among students with naturalistic and linguistic intelligence. There was however, no significant difference observed in the relationship between multiple intelligence and tribe. The result of this study confirmed that every individual has different forms of intelligence at different levels and the knowledge of this may be useful in selecting career prospects.
Multimedia Design for Learning: An Overview of Reviews With Meta-Meta-Analysis
Authors: Noetel Michael , Griffith Shantell , Delaney Oscar , Harris Nicola Rose , Sanders Taren , Parker Philip , del Pozo Cruz Borja , Lonsdale Chris
Published: October 2021

Multimedia is ubiquitous in 21st-century education. Cognitive load theory and the cognitive theory of multimedia learning both postulate that the quality of multimedia design heavily influences learning. We sought to identify how to best design multimedia and review how well those learning theories held up to meta-analyses. We conducted an overview of systematic reviews that tested the effects of multimedia design on learning or cognitive load. We found 29 reviews including 1,189 studies and 78,177 participants. We found 11 design principles that demonstrated significant, positive, meta-analytic effects on learning and five that significantly improved management of cognitive load. The largest benefits were for captioning second-language videos, temporal/spatial contiguity, and signaling. We also found robust evidence for modality, animation, coherence/removing seductive details, anthropomorphics, segmentation, personalization, pedagogical agents, and verbal redundancy effects. Good design was more important for more complex materials, and in system-paced environments (e.g., lectures) than self-paced ones (e.g., websites). Results supported many tenets of both theories. We highlight a range of evidence-based strategies that could be implemented by educators.
Meningkatnya banjir yang menimpa di negri kita tercinta ini
Authors: siddiq Muhammad umar as
Published: October 2021

Banjir merupakan sesuatu musibah alam yang tiba di dikala masa hujan datang. Keseriusan air yang besar dikala masa hujan tiba menyebabkan akibat banjir yang sangat dialami untuk korban banjir, mulai dari terganggunya kegiatan warga, kemudian lintas jadi padat serta macet, terkena penyakit, dan banyak warga yang wajib mengungsi sebab rumahnya terendam banjir. Salah satu pemicu banjir sebab terus menjadi besar tingkatan pergantian tata guna lahan dari sawah ke permukiman, pelebaran jalur, betonisasi pada jalan - jalan komplek permukiman yang mana perihal ini menimbulkan berkurangnya wilayah resapan sehingga aliran permukaan( run off) jadi terus menjadi besar, disamping itu banyaknya sampah serta lumpur menimbulkan penyumbatan aliran air pada saluran drainase. Keadaan inilah yang menimbulkan genangan air bila tingginya keseriusan curah hujan sebab debit limpasan yang terdapat telah tidak tertampung lagi oleh kapasitas saluran. Warga merupakan yang awal merasakan akibat yang disebabkan oleh banjir ini. Tidak hanya itu warga jugalah yang bertanggung jawab buat melindungi serta melestarikan area dekat, namun yang terjalin merupakan kebalikannya, warga kerap tidak mencermati area dekat serta apalagi mengganggu area yang terdapat. Data diperoleh dari media cetak dan elektronik yang pada umumnya merupakan press release BNPB atau BPBD dimana kejadian banjir berlangsung selama periode tahun 2012 serta bencana banjir bandang. Intensitas curah hujan yang sangat tinggi menyebabkan luapan udara di mana -mana, mulai dari jalanan hingga pemukiman, sehingga mengganggu aktivitas.Banjir dapat membuat individu, iklim, kehilangan sumber daya dan mempengaruhi pola pikir mereka yang menghadapibencana (Deasy, A: 2017). Orang -orang yang tidak mengambil bagian dalam upaya moderasi (tidak berpartisipasi dalam perahu) dalam jangka panjang tercekik oleh banjir yang meluas (Coppola, 2007).Peristiwa banjir disebabkan oleh kondisi dan keajaiban ordinary (geografi, curah hujan), keadaan topografi ruang dan aktivitas manusia yang mempengaruhi perubahan tata ruang atau penggunaan lahan dalam suatu ruang.DKI Jakarta lebih dari 500 mm (BMKG, 2013). Kejadian banjir disebabkan o leh kondisi dan keajaiban biasa (geologi, presipitasi), keadaan topografi ruang dan aktivitas manusia yang memengaruhi perubahan tata ruang atau penggunaan lahan di suatu ruang. Banjir di wilayah Indonesia yang sebagian besar terjadi pada bulan Januari dan Februari disebabkan oleh cu rah hujan yang sangat tinggi, misalnya curah hujan di DKI Jakarta lebih dari 500 mm (BMKG, 2013).
Late Eocene-early Oligocene paleoenvironmental changes recorded at Lühe, Yunnan, southwestern China
Authors: Lauretano Vittoria , Witkowski Caitlyn , Farnsworth Alex , Li Shufeng , Li Shihu , Mayser Jan Peter , Naafs B. David A. , Spicer Robert , Su Tao , Tang He , Zhou Zhekun , Valdes Paul , Pancost Richard
Published: October 2021

During the late Eocene to the early Oligocene, marine records document a globally congruent record of declining carbon dioxide concentrations, Antarctic icesheet growth, and associated reorganisation of the global climate system. In contrast, the few existing terrestrial records demonstrate high heterogeneity of environmental change and are difficult to reconcile with those of the oceanic realm. Global drivers for climatic change are particularly difficult to disentangle from regional ones, especially those caused by the complex tectonic evolution of the Tibetan region and its influence on the Asian monsoon system and vegetation. Here, we reconstruct the climatic and environmental history from the late Eocene into the early Oligocene at Lühe Basin, Yunnan, China, a key sedimentary repository along the SE margin of the Tibetan Plateau and an important region for assessing Asian monsoon changes. We investigate a 340-m long section via a multi-proxy approach and climate model simulations. The organic geochemical proxies, via n-alkanes, terpenoids, and hopanes, suggest that thermally immature sediments were deposited in a terrestrial flood plain basin that was primarily occupied by gymnosperms and angiosperms. Branched glycerol diakyl glycerol tetraethers indicate relatively stable temperatures (ca. 10 °C) throughout the section, including across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. This temperature, cooler than the modern-day average for this site (ca. 15 °C), suggests that this area has not undergone significant uplift since the Oligocene. To further contextualize our data, we tested a suite of climate model simulations with varying pCO2, paleogeography, and Tibetan topography across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. This data-model comparison suggests that a response to regional factors might explain the absence of a pronounced cooling at Lühe across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary, supporting the emerging picture that the global expression of the EOT in terrestrial environments is more complex than indicated by the marine record.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pelaksanaan Pendidikan dengan Aplikasi Android di SMK
Authors: Tumanggor Ryo Gullid
Published: October 2021

Abstrak

Era globalisasi digital (Society 5.0 dan Evolusi Industri 4.0) membutuhkan peningkatan layanan dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan di sekolah. Lembaga pendidikan dikatakan berhasil jika mampu memenuhi semua kebutuhan stakeholder (siswa, guru, orang tua dan masyarakat). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses perancangan sistem informasi sekolah dengan android. Alasan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan sistem informasi sekolah dengan android yang valid, praktis dan efisien. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development. Model pengembangan yang akan digunakan model 4D. Ada empat tahapan yang akan dilakukan: define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Uji coba produk dilaksanakan di SMK Islam Andalusia Bungo. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala likert. Pengembangan sistem informasi sekolah dengan android merupakan inovasi dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem informasi sekolah dengan android ini sudah sangat baik dan layak untuk diterapkan di sekolah. Respon dari stakeholder menanggapi aplikasi ini sangat praktis, efektif dan sangat membantu dalam pelaksaanaan pendidikan di sekolah.

Kata Kunci: Android, Pelaksanaan Pendidikan, Sistem Informasi

 

Abstract

The era of digital globalization (Society 5.0 and Industrial Evolution 4.0) requires improving services in the implementation of education in schools. An educational institution can to be successful if it is able to meet all customer needs (students, teachers, parents and the community). This study aims to describe the process of designing a school information system with android. The reason for this research is to produce a school information system with android that is valid, practical and efficient. The research approach used is Research and Development. The development model that will be used is the 4D model. There are four stages to be carried out: define, design, develop, and disseminate. The product trial was carried out at the Andalusian Bungo Islamic Vocational School. Collecting data using a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The development of school information systems with android is an innovation in the implementation of education. The results showed that the school information system with Android was very good and feasible to be implemented in schools. Responses from stakeholders to this application are very practical, effective and very helpful in implementing education in schools.

Keywords: Android, Education Implementation, Information System
Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae amongst the Individuals Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Whole Spine in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Karki Subindra , Paudel Ramchandra , Phuyal Arun , Bhandari Anupam
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae is a common congenital anomalous condition of the spine. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging have made it possible to acquire images of the whole spine. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae amongst the individuals undergoing magnetic resonance imaging of the whole spine in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 750 patients of all age groups who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the whole spine in the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences from 7th November, 2019 to 6th November, 2020. Convenience sampling technique was used. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number 207/19). Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage.
Results: Lumbosacral transitional vertebra was seen in 98 (13.10%) (95% Confidence Interval= 10.61-15.51) of the total 750 individuals. Out of the 98 patients who had lumbosacral transitional vertebra, 31 (4.10%) had lumbarization of S1 vertebra and 67 (8.94%) had sacralization of L5 vertebra.
Conclusions: Prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae amongst the individuals undergoing magnetic resonance imaging of the whole spine in our hospital was similar to other study done in similar settings. Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae are a common congenital anomalous condition of the spine that is identified incidentally. Enumeration of vertebrae from the first cervical vertebra using whole spine magnetic resonance imaging can confirm the presence of the lumbosacral transitional vertebrae with much accuracy.
Subretinal Cysticercosis in a Challenging Case: A Case Report
Authors: Shrestha Ruchi , Shah Ritesh Kumar , Joshi Purushotam
Published: October 2021

Ocular cysticercosis occurs rarely and may involve various parts of the eye including subretinal space. We report a case of a 42 years-old female with diminution of vision in the right eye for one month and no vision in the left eye for 10 years. Best corrected visual acuity in the right eye was 5/60. Fundus examination showed whitish round elevated cystic mass temporal to the macula. It was confirmed as a subretinal cyst by Brightness scan and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The subretinal cyst was removed in toto by pars plana vitrectomy followed by histopathological examination of the cyst which confirmed the diagnosis of cysticercosis. This case report highlights the importance of early diagnosis of subretinal cysticercosis which could threaten the vision in a one-eyed patient. Pars plana vitrectomy could be an effective method for subretinal cyst removal in toto even in a challenging case.
Back Pain among COVID-19 Positive Health Care Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shrestha Shriraj , Bajracharya Ayush , Dahal Saurav , Bhandari Parash , Maharjan Basanta , Bajracharya Suraj
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The world has been threatened with the emergence of the Novel Corona Virus straining the health care system and creating a global pandemic. This is not the first pandemic, and it certainly will not be the last to affect humanity. As the medical community is exposed to these highly contagious new diseases with arrays of symptoms like fever, cough, shortness of breath, anosmia, insomnia, and myalgia. Back pain can also be considered as one of the symptoms of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the prevalence of back pain among the Health care workers who were tested positive for COVID-19 by the end of their isolation period.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done from April 2021 to June 2021 in KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Imadol, Lalitpur, Nepal, after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Registration number: 2077/078/57). Convenience sampling was done. Data collection and entry were done in Microsoft excel, point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: Out of 156 COVID-19 positive patients, the prevalence of back pain was seen among 64 (41%) patients (95% Confidence Interval= 42.23-57.75). Among them 21 (32.8%) were males and 43 (67.2%) were females. Likewise, the minimum age was 20 years and the maximum was 68 years with a mean of 33.5±10.28.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a high proportion of healthcare workers were suffering from back pain and the findings are similar to the data from other international studies.
Mean Duration for Cessation of Pain following Tonsillectomy Operation among the Patients of Otolaryngology Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mahato Nain Bahadur , Bista Meera , Bhandari Bhuwan , Maharjan Anil
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures performed by Otolaryngologists world-wide. There are various techniques for tonsillectomy, but none of the techniques has been accepted as the best one universally. Despite the efforts of all the surgeon and use of recent techniques, some post-tonsillectomy morbidity is unavoidable. The main objective of our study is to find out the mean duration for cessation of pain among the patients following tonsillectomy operation in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of 104 patients who underwent tonsillectomy in department of otolaryngology of Kathmandu Medical College from 1st August 2020 to 31st July 2021. Convenient sampling technique was used. Ethical Approval was taken from Ethical Clearance Committee of hospital (Reference number: 2207202005). Proforma containing visual analog score was given to every patient for scoring the severity of postoperative pain. The scoring of pain was done from 1st postoperative day till 14th postoperative day. Descriptive statistical analysis was done.
Results: One hundred four patients had undergone tonsillectomy in our hospital. The mean duration for cessation of pain was 10 (9.75±1.97) days with mean duration of analgesia taken of 11 (10.84±2.15) days. The mean duration after tonsillectomy operation for cessation of pain on drinking was 8 (7.51±1.19) days and on eating solids 12 (11.59±2.56) days. Patients reported the first normal night of sleep at seven (6.90±1.41) days and return to normal daily activities 11 (11.18±2.53) days.
Conclusions: From the study concluded that the mean duration for cessation of pain after tonsillectomy is slightly lower than other similar study.
The Problem of Reliability of Water Supply Networks on the Example of the City of Kropyvnytskyi
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Klymenko Vasyl , Kovalchuk Nataliia ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Hutsul Vasyl ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Teliuta Ruslan ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: October 2021

The article presents the analysis of statistical data of the causes of breakages and leaks in water pipes of the distribution network of Kropyvnytskyi. Breakage statistics for pipelines with a diameter of 25 to 1100 mm during the last five years were calculated. As a result of segmental analysis, it was found that the main types of damage to the pipes of water supply system are through fistulas of steel pipes – 54.4% and corrosion – 25.6%; loss of integrity of cast iron pipes on joints – 9.7%, fractures and cracks of cast iron pipes – 6.1%; fractures in joints of polyethylene pipes and other damages – 4.2%. To characterize the reliability of the municipal water supply networks, the pipeline failure flow parameter ω was used. It was defined as the ratio of the number of failures of the water supply network section to the observation period and the length of pipe network sections of the corresponding diameter. The calculation of interval estimates for the failure rate parameter ωо for steel and cast iron pipes of the water distribution network of Kropyvnytskyi was carried out. According to the operational organization 84% of the network was laid using these pipes and analytical expressions were obtained to determine average values of ω0ср depending on their diameter. Significantly higher values of ω0ср were noted in comparison with similar ones given in the literature for other cities, which can be explained by a significant excess of the standard service life of 85% of steel and 50% of cast iron pipes in the water supply network of Kropyvnytskyi. To increase the reliability of water supply networks, it is recommended to implement the experience of European countries and replace 2% of the network per year and use polyethylene pipes. To reduce the failure factor of water supply networks, particularly in those areas where overtime pipes are used, the expediency of partial installation of water-air dampers for pressure fluctuations directly in the pipeline, in which there is a gradual and complete damping of the shock wave. Approbation of a prototype of a hydraulic shock absorber of this design was carried out in the hydraulics laboratory at Central Ukrainian National Technical University and its efficiency and high efficiency at full shock wave damping was confirmed.
Influence of the Shape of a Forged Unicorn Hook on its Efficiency
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Portnov Gennadii , Tykhyi Andrii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Dariienko Viktor ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Pukalov Viktor ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the cargo forged unicorn hook. The design parameters of the product are substantiated by building a solid model of the hook. The line of cargo hooks with the changed form of sections which theoretically allows to reduce weight by 10% at preservation of loading capacity is offered. Comparison of standards shows that at equal loading capacity at identical classes and groups of classification the size and mass characteristics of products differ in times, and not in all cases in favor of standard hooks. Operational tests show that the shape of the hook must ensure its minimum weight with sufficient strength, if possible the same in all sections when the operating conditions and manufacturing technology. It was found that the contours of the upper and lower parts of the cross sections of the hooks are not subject to change. The geometric ratios of the cross-sectional dimensions of the hooks, as well as the threaded part can be considered determined theoretically and experimentally as optimal. Changing the contour is carried out by replacing the rectilinear sides of the trapezoid sections with curved ones. The obtained pictures of stress distribution in the hook body make it possible to choose the path of design optimization in the direction of changing the contours of the equatorial and meridional sections of the fourth quadrant of the hook contour. The proposed change of the contour is carried out by replacing the rectilinear sides of the trapezoidal sections with curved ones. The stress-strain state with visualization and stress distribution is presented, the parameters of the hook are substantiated by building a solid model in the CAD complex Solidworks. The study of the stress distribution pattern made it possible to propose cross-sectional shapes with the subsequent calculation of the stress-strain state of the created model. Material consumption efficiency due to the optimization increases by 10.8% without reducing the load capacity. The changes in the maximum displacement in the proposed model are insignificant (2.55 mm vs. 2.33 mm in the model GOST 2105-75). Recommendations proposed based on the study of one model configuration can be extended to others, taking into account the technology of manufacturing the product.