bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selected biochemical and oxidative stress parameters and ceruloplasmin as acute phase protein associated with bovine leukaemia virus infection in dairy cows
Authors: Akalın Pınar Peker , Ataseven Veysel Soydal , Fırat Doğan , Ergün Yaşar , Başpınar Nuri , Özcan Oğuzhan
Published: October 2015

The aim of this study was to determine the ceruloplasmin (Cp) and vitamin C concentrations, the total antioxidant status (TAS), and selected biochemical parameters in dairy cows spontaneously infected with bovine leukaemia virus (BLV). Of the 27 cows included in the study, 18 animals were seropositive for enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), whereas nine cows were seronegative and were used as controls. The serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.003) and Cp concentrations (P = 0.03) decreased (65.17 ± 5.03 and 7.70 ± 0.72 respectively) in BLV-infected cows, as compared to healthy animals (100.67 ± 11.50 and 10.40 ± 0.70 respectively). A slight insignificant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and unchanged levels of alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, calcium, magnesium, and TAS were demonstrated in EBL cows. As the TAS and vitamin C levels remained unchanged in EBL cows, it may be suggested that ruminants may compensate for the impaired oxidative/antioxidative balance. The results obtained also indicate that BLV may suppress AST and Cp synthesis or secretion in the liver through an unknown mechanism. The mechanism of action of BLV in hepatocytes, especially on AST and Cp, requires further investigation to elucidate the immune suppression caused by oncogenic retroviruses.
Impact of the ageing process on the intensity of post mortem proteolysis and tenderness of beef from crossbreeds
Authors: Moczkowska Małgorzata , Półtorak Andrzej , Wierzbicka Agnieszka
Published: October 2015

The aim of the study was the evaluation of the effect of ageing on the extent of myofibrillar proteins degradation and tenderness of beef in different crossbreeds, BB × HF and SM × HF, from which the musculus semitendinosus was obtained. The pH value, basic composition of meat, and colour parameters were determined on the 3rd d post mortem. The Warner Bratzler shear force and the extent of protein degradation were evaluated in regard to the effect of ageing time. Meat of BB × HF crossbreed had a lower amount of intramuscular fat and higher protein content (P ≤ 0.05). The shear force decreased with ageing time in the case of both crossbreeds. However, the highest values were noted in SM × HF crossbreed on days 3 and 7 of ageing. The differences in proteolysis of myofibrillar proteins and polypeptides, determined by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, were observed between crossbreeds and the ageing time. A significant decrease in desmin and increased levels of 49-46 kDa and 32-27 kDa polypeptides (products of proteolytic degradation) were observed with an increasing ageing time. In addition, the rate of increase in the amount of 32-27 kDa polypeptides was more significant in BB × HF crossbreed. The data obtained showed that tenderness and the extent of protein degradation are associated with ageing process and animals’ genotype.
Optimisation of protocol for Clostridium botulinum detection in mink feed
Authors: Grenda Tomasz , Kukier Elżbieta , Goldsztejn Magdalena , Kwiatek Krzysztof , Kozieł Nina
Published: October 2015

As the test material mink feed with natural microflora was used. The analyses were conducted using Wrzosek and TPGY broth media, and Willis–Hobbs and Zeissler differential agar media. Wrzosek, Willis–Hobbs, and Zeissler media are described in Polish Standards approved by the National Standards Body in Poland and routinely used in detection of anaerobic bacteria in Poland. Detection and identification of C. botulinum was performed with a previously validated real-time PCR method based on ntnh gene detection, which is common in all C. botulinum toxotypes. The use of Wrzosek broth and Zeissler agar in routine analyses for detection and identification of C. botulinum was ineffective and limited. The obtained results showed the highest culturing process effectiveness in TPGY broth with 72 h incubation at 30°C and isolation on Willis–Hobbs agar. The real-time PCR method based on ntnh gene detection used in this study could be utilised as a supplementary tool to the mouse lethality assay.
Mast cells and eosinophils in rat mammary gland tumours induced by N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
Authors: Kissová Viktória , Ševčíková Zuzana , Revajová Viera , Herich Róbert , Levkut Mikuláš
Published: October 2015

The aim of the study was to evaluate the distribution and number of mast cells and eosinophils in rat mammary gland tumours induced by N-Nitroso-N-methylurea. The highest density of mast cells was found in cystic papillary adenocarcinomas of grade II. Eosinophils were detected only in the cystic papillary adenocarcinoma of grades I and II, in non-invasive cribriform adenocarcinoma and comedo-type carcinoma. Mast cell populations were observed perivascularly in the tumour stroma, in the host tumour interface, as well as in necrotic areas of neoplasms. Mast cells were observed to be intact according to their morphological changes, collectively referred to as degranulation. The obtained results indicate that mast cells and eosinophils play an important role in tumour micro-environment formation. The increased density of these cells in experimentally-induced rat mammary gland tumours suggests a poor prognosis in these cancers. Our results also confirmed that rat mammary gland tumours are good models for the study of breast cancers.
Effects of Sidr honey on second-intention healing of contaminated full-thickness skin wounds in healthy dogs
Authors: Hananeh Wael M. , Ismail Zuhair Bani , Alshehabat Musa A. , Abeeleh Mahmoud Abu , Ali Ja’far Hasan
Published: October 2015

The therapeutic effects of Sidr honey on second-intention healing of contaminated full-thickness skin wounds in dogs were investigated. Povidone-iodine was used as a standard treatment and served as a control. Healthy adult (two-to-four-year-old) mongrels, comprising six dogs and two bitches, were divided into four equal groups in order to obtain multi-aged wounds at the end of the study. Four 2cm × 2cm full-thickness skin wounds were created on both sides of the back area of each dog under general anaesthesia adhering to aseptic technique. Contaminated wounds were then divided into two treatment groups: Group 1, Sidr honey treated (right side wounds) and group 2, povidone-iodine treated (left side wounds). All wounds were evaluated grossly daily at the time of treatment application and digitally photographed once every week. Images were analysed using ImageJ software. The parameters of unhealed wound area and length of advancing epithelium were obtained. The epithelialisation areas, percentage of wound area, and wound contraction rate were then calculated. No significant differences were found between the two treatment groups in any of the parameters studied. Overall, both honey treated and iodine treated wounds healed well within the time period of the study (28 d). However, the study showed a beneficial effect of Sidr honey on second-intention healing of full thickness contaminated wounds in healthy dogs and the effect was comparable to that of Povidone iodine.
C2+-DaF-Lernende reflektieren über eine perfekte Sprachbeherrschung – ist diese vor dem Hintergrund der postulierten funktionalen Mehrsprachigkeit in Alltag und Beruf künftig noch gefragt?
Authors: Schumacher Monika
Published: October 2015

By adopting “functional plurilingualism” – a recurring concept in its new curriculum, “Lehrplan 21” – Switzerland is pursuing new avenues in foreign language education. The term refers to a goal-oriented approach to foreign language learning and teaching in primary and secondary schools, and implies that barriers to communication can be overcome by exploiting the sum of the individual’s linguistic capacities. In future, language learners will be expected to build on the interrelatedness of languages instead of developing abilities in languages that they keep separate from one another. This view of foreign language education coincides with the recommendations of the Council of Europe’s

Having reached the highest level specified by the CEFR, some learners continue their studies, seeking to maintain or reinforce their competences or to address individual weaknesses. In this article, a group of C2+ learners of German as a foreign language reflect on their desire for linguistic perfection and the notion of “functional plurilingualism” against the background of their own biographies. These learners have a high awareness and knowledge of German (often their third language) and of the learning process, which allows them to make informative statements. The data was analysed qualitatively and subjective theories were reconstructed – an approach that took account both of the multiperspectivity of the topic and of the uniqueness of the individual cases.
What should be explicit in explicit grammar instruction?
Authors: Nagai Noriko , Ayano Seiki , Okada Keiko , Nakanishi Takayuki
Published: October 2015

This article proposes an approach to explicit grammar instruction that seeks to develop metalinguistic knowledge of the L2 and raise L2 learners’ awareness of their L1, which is crucial for the success of second language acquisition (
Economic Burden And Health-Related Quality Of Life Of Patients With Cystic Fibrosis In Bulgaria
Authors: Iskrov Georgi G. , Stefanov Rumen S. , López-Bastida Julio , Linertová Renata , Oliva-Moreno Juan , Serrano-Aguilar Pedro
Published: October 2015

Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the economic burden from a societal perspective and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Bulgaria.

Materials and methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study of 33 patients with CF and 17 caregivers from Bulgaria. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, health resource utilisation, informal care, labor productivity losses and HRQOL were collected from questionnaires completed by patients or their caregivers. HRQOL was evaluated with the EuroQol 5-domain (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire.

Results:Median annual costs of CF in Bulgaria were € 24 152 per patient in 2012 as a reference year. Median annual costs for children were found to be significantly higher than those for adults – € 31 945 vs. € 15 714 (p = 0.012). This outcome came from statistically significant differences in costs for main informal carer (p < 0.001) and costs for other informal carers (p = 0.022). As a single cost item, drugs had the biggest monetary impact. Median annual drug costs were € 13 059. Bulgarian CF patients showed low HRQOL results – 50 median VAS score and 0.592 median health utilities. A quarter of patients even rated their health state as worse than death.

Conclusion:CF patients from Eastern Europe remain a vulnerable population with risk factors for worse health outcomes. Our study provided a state-of-the art analysis that facilitates the elaboration, adoption and application of targeted public health policies to tackle CF-related problems at national and European level.
Urothelial Carcinoma Concomitant With Malakoplakia In Non-Functioning Nephrolithic Kidneys
Authors: Kocarslan Sezen , Dokumaci Dilek Sen , Karakas Emel Yigit , Boyaci Fatima Nurefsan , Ulas Turgay
Published: October 2015

Nephrolithic non-functioning kidney and malakoplakia are major health problems. Kidney function cannot be fulfilled and also this leads to a high risk of development of urothelial neoplasm. We report herein a case of urothelial carcinoma concomitant with malakoplakia in non-functioning nephrolithic kidneys.
Comparison of Decontamination Standards
Authors: Hao Le Cong , Thuy Mai Dinh , Hieu Do Trung , Sas Zoltán
Published: October 2015

The quality of materials used in nuclear-related facilities is critical, especially the ease of decontamination of different paints and coatings. Standards describe different testing methods for classification. Nevertheless, compliance with these standards cannot be carried out negligibly from a safety point of view. In this study, a withdrawn Hungarian (MSZ-05 22.7662-83), an international ISO (ISO 8690:1988), and Russian (GOST 25146- 82) decontamination standard were compared. Four different paints were tested as part of this survey. The ease of decontamination varied mainly from poor to fair levels in the case of the Hungarian standard, while the ISO standard exhibited very good level. In the case of the Russian standard, only a theoretical comparison was carried out. Based on the results, it was found that a special epoxy-based coating can be recommended for isotope laboratories due to being the best material from an ease of decontamination point of view. From comparison of the standards considered here, it was found that the application of ISO standard is significantly faster and simpler than the withdrawn Hungarian standard. However, in the case of the Hungarian standard the data described the ease of decontamination in more details. The use of water or some other cleaning agents can be effective to remove 137Cs and 60Co contamination right after early identification. Isotope 137Cs and 60Co contamination of a surface can be cleaned quickly and effectively using distilled water for the 137Cs isotope removal from the surfaces being several times easier than that of 60Co.
Toward an Intelligent e-Learning System Using Document Classification Techniques
Authors: Abuzir Yousef
Published: October 2015

The purpose of this study is to propose and develop an intelligent e-learning system based on advanced document management techniques at Al-Quds Open University (QOU). In this article, we focus on a case using e-mail contents as supplement educational materials at QOU. We describe how the interactive classification system based on concept hierarchy can simplify this task. This system provides the functions to index, classify, and retrieve a collection of e-mail messages based on user profiles. By automatically indexing e-mail messages using our E-mail Classification System for e-Learning, instructors and/or students can easily find their messages and find the topics. The test results of our system evaluation showed that a good classification quality has been achieved, with a precision of 77.4%, recall of 90%, and F-measure of 82.8.
Tensed evidentials: A typological study
Authors: Visser Eline
Published: October 2015

To gain more insight into evidentiality, the grammatical marking of information source, it is worth studying the category in its relation to other grammatical categories. This study explores tensed evidentials, morphemes in which tense and evidentiality are fused, in 36 languages from four macro-areas (North America, South America, Eurasia, and Papunesia). The study reveals several interactions between tense values and evidential values. As opposed to what has been claimed, firsthand future evidentials seem to exist. Visual and non-visual evidentials occur equally with present and past, whereas mental activity evidentials and reportative evidentials are much more limited to the past. These findings conform to the logic of tense: every type of evidentiality can be gathered in the past, whereas some are less suited for present or future. As a result, we find exceptionless implicational hierarchies of the form
Analysis of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene polymorphisms in vitiligo / Vitiligo’da paroksinaz-1 (PON1) gen polimorfizminin araştırılması
Authors: Seçkin Havva Yıldız , Kalkan Göknur , Benli İsmail , Bütün İlknur , Baş Yalçın , Takçı Zennure , Karakuş Nevin
Published: October 2015

Objective: Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune depigmentation disease, which is characterized by loss of function of the melanocytes in epidermis. Recent studies suggest that oxidant/antioxidant status plays important role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. We aimed to investigate possible associations between vitiligo and PON1 M / L55 and PON Q192R gene polymorphisms in the Turkish community.

Methods: The 57 patients with vitiligo and 69 healthy controls were enrolled into the study. Genotyping was performed to identify PON1 M / L55 and PON Q192R gene polymorphism. Genotype and allele frequencies were compared between patients with vitiligo and healthy control group.

Results: In patients (p=0.0061) and healthy controls (p=0.550), there was no significant statistical difference between L55M and Q192R polymorphisms of the PON1 gene. However, when L55M polymorphism was compared to MM homozygous genotype and LL+LM genotypes, it was notably higher in controls than in patients, which seems to be protective against the disease (p=0.034, OR:0. 3, 95% CU: 0.08-0.93). Although, there was no not a statistical difference in allele frequencies of Q192R polymorphism between patients and controls (p=0.242), the M allele of L55M polymorphism was significantly higher in controls than in patients with vitiligo, which means that it might be protective against vitiligo (p=0.009, OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.27-0.84).

Conclusion: Even though there were no differences between patients and controls, this is the first study that investigated the possible associations between the PON1 M/L55 and PON Q192R gene polymorphisms within the Turkish population.
Sub-micrometric and nanometric solid phases obtained through reductive decomposition reaction of β-cyclodextrin / Β-siklodekstrin indirgeyici bozunma reaksiyonu yoluyla elde edilen alt mikrometrik ve nanometrik katı fazlar
Authors: Blanco Kate Cristina , Santos Francisco José dos , Júnior Miguel Jafelicci , Vettori Mary Helen Palmuti Braga , Franchetti Sandra Mara Martins , Contiero Jonas
Published: October 2015

Objective: Cyclodextrins have been used to catalyze chemical reactions in the synthesis of different materials. The aim of this study is to produce nanoparticles using cyclodextrin as a nanoreactor.

Methods: In this study, nanoparticles from the solid phase of iron oxide (Fe3O4), copper oxide (CuO) and metallic silver (Ago) were obtained through hydrothermal synthesis at 100 and 150°C for six hours. This was produced for cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Bacillus lehensis isolated from wastewater of a cassava flourmill. The nanoparticles were characterized through x-ray diffraction Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission gun scanning electron microscopy.

Results: The images demonstrated that the nanoparticles exhibited a polyhedric shape with a diameter of 100 nm for Fe4O3, an irregular oval shape with a diameter of 45 nm for CuO and a platelet shape with a diameter of 138 nm for Ago.

Conclusion: Based on this characterization, the proposed technique proved to be an efficient, low-cost, convenient method for the production of sub-micrometric and nanometric solid phases and can likely be scaled up for industrial use. The results demonstrate the possibility of producing nanoparticles using cyclodextrin as a nanoreactor.
Is median value of Double Screening Test regional? / İkili Tarama Testi medyan değerleri bölgesel midir?
Authors: Erdemli Hacı Kemal , Kocabaş Ramazan , Özdemir Tülay , Bedir Abdulkerim
Published: October 2015

Objective: The median values of double test which is commonly used for Down Syndrome screening show diversity between countries. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible differences in corrected multiplies of median (MoM) values of individiuals between the two cities of the same geographic region.

Methods: Blood samples for double test analysis, sent from Corum and Samsun, were studied in the same laboratory. Results of double test analyses were retrospectively evaluated. Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of corrected MoM values of free human chorionic gonadotropin (f-β hCG) and pregnancy-specific plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) according to gestational age. Results were given as median (minimum-maximum) values. The p <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: The corrected f-β hCG values obtained from Corum and Samsun were as follows: 0.75 (0.24-2.11, n=28), 0.85 (0.21-2.95, n=143) (p=0.378) in 10th gestational week; 0.75 (0.17-4.15, n=349), 0.84 (0.14-4.76, n=672) (p=0.005) in 11th gestational week; 0.81 (0.15-5.15, n=542), 0.86(0.19-5.18, n=946) (p=0.014) in 12th gestational week; 0.77 (0.20-6.32, n=365), 0.87 (0.20-5.54, n=327) (p=0.054) in 13th gestational week, respectively. Corrected PAPP-A values from Corum and Samsun were as follows: in 10th gestational week 0.94 (0.41-5.57), 0.87(0.19-3.53) (p=0.425); in 11th gestational week 0.88 (0.21-3.61), 0.89 (0.19-3.70) (p=0.963); in 12th gestational week 0.89 (0.22-4.24), 0.90 (0.15-4.99) (p=0.704); in 13th gestational week 0.93 (0.19-2.70), 0.90 (0.09-2.80) (p=0.952) respectively.

Conclusion: The MoM values of f-β hCG tests, derived from individuals from Corum and Samsun, both located in the Central Black Sea Region, were found to be different. This finding indicates that for double test analysis, different median values may be used for patients from different cities.
Determination of the Temperature-Dependent OH− (H2O) + CH3I Rate Constant by Experiment and Simulation
Authors: Xie Jing , Scott Michael J. , Hase William L. , Hierl Peter M. , Viggiano Albert A.
Published: October 2015

Experimental and simulation studies of the
OH
–
(H2O) + CH3I reaction give temperature
dependent rate constants which are in excellent agreement. Though
there are statistical uncertainties, there is an apparent small
decrease in the rate constant as the temperature is increased from
− 60 to 125 ℃, and for this temperature range the
rate constant is ∼ 1.6 times smaller than that for the
unsolvated reactants OH
–
 + CH3I. Previous work
[J. Phys. Chem. A 117 (2013) 14019] for the unsolvated
reaction found that the S
N
2 and proton transfer pathways,
forming CH3OH + I
–
and
CH2I
–
 + H2O, have nearly equal
probabilities. However, for the microsolvated
OH
–
(H2O) + CH3I reaction the S
N
2
pathways dominate. An important contributor to this effect is the
stronger binding of H2O to the OH
–
reactant than
to the proton transfer product CH2I
–
, increasing the
barrier for the proton transfer pathway. The effect of microsolvation
on the rate constant for the
OH
–
(H2O)0,1 + CH3I reactions agrees with
previous experimental studies for
X
–
(H2O)0,1 + CH3Y reactions. The
simulations show that there are important non-statistical attributes
to the entrance- and exit-channel dynamics for the
OH
–
(H2O) + CH3I reaction.
Conventionalism and the Impoverishment of the Space of Reasons: Carnap, Quine and Sellars
Authors: Westphal Kenneth R
Published: October 2015

This article examines how Quine and Sellars develop informatively contrasting responses to a fundamental tension in Carnap’s semantics ca. 1950. Quine’s philosophy could well be styled ‘Essays in Radical Empiricism’; his assay of radical empiricism is invaluable for what it reveals about the inherent limits of empiricism. Careful examination shows that Quine’s criticism of Carnap’s semantics in ‘Two Dogmas of Empiricism’ fails, that at its core Quine’s semantics is for two key reasons incoherent and that his hallmark Thesis of Extensionalism is untenable. The tension in Carnap’s semantics together with Quine’s exposure of the severe limits of radical empiricism illuminate central features of Sellars’s philosophy: the fully general form of the myth of givenness, together with Sellars’s alternative Kantian characterisation of understanding; the full significance of Carnap’s distinction between conceptual analysis and conceptual explication, and its important methodological implications; the specifically pragmatic character of Sellars’s realism; and Sellars’s methodological reasons for holding that philosophy must be systematic and that systematic philosophy must be deeply historically and textually informed. This paper thus re-examines this recent episode of philosophical history for its philosophical benefits and systematic insights.
ENDOCRINOLOGY OF PREGNANCY: Gestational diabetes mellitus: definition, aetiological and clinical aspects
Authors: Baz Baz , Riveline Jean-Pierre , Gautier Jean-François
Published: October 2015

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is defined as a glucose intolerance resulting in hyperglycaemia of variable severity with onset during pregnancy. This review aims to revisit the pathogenesis and aetiology of GDM in order to better understand its clinical presentation and outcomes. During normal pregnancy, insulin sensitivity declines with advancing gestation. These modifications are due to placental factors, progesterone and estrogen. In a physiological situation, a compensatory increase in insulin secretion maintains a normal glucose homeostasis. GDM occurs if pancreatic β-cells are unable to face the increased insulin demand during pregnancy. GDM is most commonly a forerunner of type 2 diabetes (T2D) – the most prevalent form of diabetes. These women share similar characteristics with predisposed subjects to T2D: insulin resistance before and after pregnancy, and carry more T2D risk alleles. Auto-immune and monogenic diabetes are more rare aetiologies of GDM. Adverse pregnancy outcomes of GDM are mainly related to macrosomia caused by fetal hyperinsulinism in response to high glucose levels coming from maternal hyperglycaemia. Screening recommendations and diagnosis criteria of GDM have been recently updated. High risk patients should be screened as early as possible using fasting plasma glucose, and if normal, at 24–28 weeks of gestation using 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The treatment of GDM is based on education with trained nurses and dieticians, and if necessary insulin therapy.
Long-term effects of pegvisomant on comorbidities in patients with acromegaly: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Kuhn Emmanuelle , Maione Luigi , Bouchachi Amir , Rozière Myriam , Salenave Sylvie , Brailly-Tabard Sylvie , Young Jacques , Kamenicky Peter , Assayag Patrick , Chanson Philippe
Published: October 2015

Context

The effect of pegvisomant on IGF1 levels in patients with acromegaly is well documented, but little is known of its long-term impact on comorbidity.

Aim

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effects of long-term pegvisomant therapy on cardiorespiratory and metabolic comorbidity in patients with acromegaly.

Patients and methods

We analyzed the long-term (up to 10 years) effect of pegvisomant therapy given alone (n=19, 45%) or in addition to somatostatin analogues and/or cabergoline (n=23, 55%) on echocardiographic, polysomnographic and metabolic parameters in respectively 42, 12 and 26 patients with acromegaly followed in Bicêtre hospital.

Results

At the first cardiac evaluation, 20±16 months after pegvisomant introduction, IGF1 levels normalized in 29 (69%) of the 42 patients. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improved significantly in patients whose basal LVEF was ≤60% and decreased in those whose LVEF was >70%. The left ventricular mass index (LVMi) decreased from 123±25 to 101±21 g/m2(P<0.05) in the 17 patients with a basal LVMi higher than the median (91 g/m2), while it remained stable in the other patients. Pegvisomant reduced the apnoea–hypopnea index and cured obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in four of the eight patients concerned. Long-term follow-up of 22 patients showed continuing improvements in cardiac parameters. The BMI and LDL cholesterol level increased minimally during pegvisomant therapy, and other lipid parameters were not modified.

Conclusions

Long-term pegvisomant therapy not only normalizes IGF1 in a large proportion of patients but also improves cardiac and respiratory comorbidity.
Buscando el valor de la claridad de las normas: Algunas reflexiones desde el pensamiento de Lon L. Fuller
Authors: Centenera Sánchez-Seco Fernando
Published: October 2015

La claridad en las normas es una recomendación constante en el ámbito de la teoría de la legislación, dado que se entiende que aquella hace posible el entendimiento de las normas y la certeza. Esta recomendación también se ha relacionado con el pensamiento de Fuller, y ello supone dotar a aquella de un carácter moral. Sin embargo, no está claro en qué medida puede hablarse de moralidad en la claridad de las normas. Este estudio trata de responder a esta cuestión, partiendo del pensamiento de Fuller.
rol de las heurísticas sociales en la deliberación
Authors: Navarro María G.
Published: October 2015

Este artículo muestra la conexión entre heurísticas sociales y deliberación. En lugar de caracterizar las heurísticas según disciplinas o campos, aquí se proyectan sobre nuestros enclaves deliberativos. La autora sostiene que el empleo de heurísticas sociales orienta el flujo de la información y la participación en las distintas fases deliberativas, y es necesario analizarlas para establecer indicadores con los que medir grados de deliberación. Esta hipótesis da lugar a una visión pluralista sobre la función social de las heurísticas entendidas como caja de herramientas con nuevos instrumentos y utilidades sociales. Según dicha perspectiva, habría que integrar este tipo de razonamiento en un plan de acción más amplio que explicara en qué sentido las heurísticas son recursos que producen conocimiento, al tiempo que un tipo de conocimiento ya producido.
Construyendo narrativas para llegar a ser
Authors: Mosquera Ramallo Juan José
Published: October 2015

La construcción de una narrativa personal es clave en la creación de identidades, pero aún lo es más en el caso de procesos radicales que implican la asunción de una completamente nueva identidad. En el caso de Bernard Stiegler y Jay Prosser, ambos académicos no solo analizan cómo su transformación en filósofo/hombre ha sido posible gracias a su capacidad de desarrollar una narrativa propia, sino que también utilizan ese proceso personal como base de sus reflexiones académicas.
posibilidad para pensar la “violencia ontológica”: la cuestión de la “alteridad” en la figura del “colonizado”
Authors: Podestá Beatriz
Published: October 2015

En el presente artículo se propone abordar el problema de la “alteridad” en la figura del “colonizado”. Colocar en cuestión a la alteridad conlleva problematizar todo intento de naturalización de cualquier forma de absolutismo filosófico, i.e., de “violencia ontológica”, a la vez que dispone al pensamiento a “otros” modos de referir aquello que “extraña”, el colonizado; modos que se trazan en un espacio de resistencia a toda apropiación que intenta soterrar lo diferente en el territorio de “lo mismo”. Este disponerse al “otro”, al “extraño” se solidariza con lo que no se somete a incautación alguna, en definitiva, con lo que se resiste a cualquier forma de pensamiento que se ejerce desde una violencia homogeneizante.
Negatividad y acontecimiento. Una puesta en diálogo entre Adorno y Heidegger desde la hermenéutica de Gianni Vattimo
Authors: Mariano Leiro Daniel
Published: October 2015

Este trabajo tiene la intención de ofrecer un esbozo de una interpretación más radical de la ontología heideggeriana que a la crítica destructiva de Adorno le pasaba inadvertida. El propósito de esta presentación es rescatar las aspiraciones de disolución del dominio y emancipación que alentaron los esfuerzos teóricos del autor de Negative Dialectik. Esos esfuerzos quedaron sin concretarse en el pensamiento de Adorno porque su crítica se movía en el horizonte de la metafísica. Para mostrarlo hemos elegido como hilo conductor la lectura que el filósofo italiano Gianni Vattimo propone en su última hermenéutica nihilista. Esta lectura que viene a sumarse a los intentos más actuales que tratan de desarrollar un “heideggerianismo de izquierda”. Su particularidad consiste en que ha vuelto a entablar un original diálogo con Nietzsche y la tradición hegelo-marxista para desplegar el potencial transformador y diferenciador que aún late en la filosofía del último Heidegger.
Entre el dolor y la utopía: España en el corazón de Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez
Authors: López Forjas Manuel
Published: October 2015

Este trabajo presenta las reflexiones del filósofo Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez sobre el problema de España, las cuales son reconstruidas aquí a partir de su biografía. Para mostrar la evolución, pero también la constancia de sus principales preocupaciones a lo largo de su vida, se desarrolla aquí un ejercicio comparativo entre algunos textos que escribió antes del exilio de 1939 y los que compuso ya en su etapa de madurez intelectual como profesor emérito en México. En suma, se trata de mostrar cómo Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez plasmó su propia visión sobre la condición humana y los problemas concretos de la existencia, a través de sus inquietudes por el problema histórico y político de España.
Hemimegalencephaly with polymicrogyria – a case report
Authors: Raus Iulian , Vintan Adela Mihaela , Coroiu Roxana Elena
Published: October 2015

Hemimegalencephaly on magnetic resonance imaging scan (MRI) consists of cortical gray matter almost uniformly abnormal, areas of increased thickness of the cortical gray matter (GM), abnormal gyral patterns, blurring of the grey-white matter transition, atrophy or hemispheric hypertrophy, demyelination, gliosis. We present a case of ten-year-old boy with a history of infantile spasms and developmental delay who presented to the pediatric neurology room with an episode of disinhibited behavior in family environment. An MRI was performed and isolated hemimegalencephaly with polymicrogyria of the right occipital lobe was diagnosed.
NUMERICAL DETERMINATION OF HORIZONTAL SETTLERS PERFORMANCE
Authors: Biliaiev M. M. , Kozachyna V. A.
Published: October 2015

Purpose.Horizontal settlers are one of the most important elements in the technological scheme of water purification. Their use is associated with the possibility to pass a sufficiently large volume of water. The important task at the stage of their designing is evaluating of their effectiveness. Calculation of the efficiency of the settler can be made by mathematical modeling. Empirical, analytical models and techniques that are currently used to solve the problem, do not allow to take into account the shape of the sump and various design features that significantly affects the loyalty to a decision on the choice of the size of the settling tank and its design features. The use of analytical models is limited only to one-dimensional solutions, does not allow accounting for nonuniform velocity field of the flow in the settler. The use of advanced turbulence models for the calculation of the hydrodynamics in the settler complex forms now requires very powerful computers. In addition, the calculation of one variant of the settler may last for dozens of hours. The aim of the paper is to build a numerical model to evaluate the effectiveness of horizontal settling tank modified design. Methodology. Numerical models are based on: 1) equation of potential flow; 2) equation of inviscid fluid vortex flow; 3) equation of viscous fluid dynamics; 4) mass transfer equation. For numerical simulation the finite difference schemes are used. The numerical calculation is carried out on a rectangular grid. For the formation of the computational domain markers are used. Findings.The models allow calculating the clarification process in the settler with different form and different configuration of baffles. Originality. A new approach to investigate the mass transfer process in horizontal settler was proposed. This approach is based on the developed CFD models. Three fluid dynamics models were used for the numerical investigation of flows and waste waters purification. Practical value.The developed models have more capacity than the existing models in Ukraine. The developed models allow calculating quickly the efficiency of water purification in settlers. The models are not computationally expensive. Calculation time of one variant of the problem takes few seconds.
DETERMINATION OF CONTACT STRESSES IN THE RAILS P50, WHICH ARE OPERATED IN THE METRO
Authors: Agarkov O. V. , Yosyfovych R. M.
Published: October 2015

Purpose. In the research one should do: 1) to determine a 3-d stress-strain state of the rail head in contact with the rolling wheels; 2) to analyze different forms of contact interaction; 3) to obtain the data necessary to calculate the durability of railway track rails. Methodology. The basis for calculating the 3-d stress-strain state is the finite element method. The basis for calculating the volume of the stress-strain state is the finite element method. The problem was solved in the elastic 3-D conditions. Real geometrical bodies parameters were used during the solving. Findings. The calculation of the 3-d stress-strain state of the rail head in contact with the rolling wheels for various cases of the contact surfaces geometry is performed. The results of calculation are presented in the graphic and tabular form. The comparison of different options contact conditions is performed. The results are analyzed and conclusions about the optimality conditions of contact interaction are made. Originality. The results of the calculation showed that within the criterion of minimizing the contact stresses in the rails P50 for the conditions specific to the direct contact route section, the use of rolling wheels with a profile according to the drawings of CJSC «MINETEK» is not the most rational decision. The most rational in this case, among the considered is the laying of rails in track with gradient 1:20 and the use of the wheel with the rolling surface profile of 1:10 conicity. The lack of rail gradient eliminates the benefits of the wheel running surface with 1:10 conicity, and a case of contact interaction is the least rational. Practical value. The results of analysis of the contact interaction of the rail head with a rolling stock wheel in a three-dimensional elastic formulation for different conditions of contact interaction were obtained. These data can be used to optimize the conditions of contact interaction and scientific substantiation of the causes of defects of the contact fatigue origin in the railway railhead. The presented models can be upgraded, including the residual stresses in the rails, hardening of the surface layer, and the presence of initial defects as a result of imperfections in the manufacturing process and others in the calculations.
ACCUMULATED DEFORMATION MODELING OF PERMANENT WAY BASED ON ENTROPY SYSTEM
Authors: Kurhan D. M.
Published: October 2015

Purpose. The work provides a theoretical research about the possibility of using methods that determine the lifetime of a railway track not only in terms of total stresses, and accounting its structure and dynamic characteristics. The aim of these studies is creation the model of deformations accumulation for assessment of service life of a railway track taking into account these features. Methodology. To simulate a gradual change state during the operation (accumulation of deformations) the railway track is presented as a system that consists of many particles of different materials collected in a coherent design. It is appropriate to speak not about the appearance of deformations of a certain size in a certain section of the track, and the probability of such event on the site. If to operate the probability of occurrence of deviations, comfortable state of the system is characterized by the number of breaks of the conditional internal connections. The same state of the system may correspond to different combinations of breaks. The more breaks, the more the number of options changes in the structure of the system appropriate to its current state. Such a process can be represented as a gradual transition from an ordered state to a chaotic one. To describe the characteristics of the system used the numerical value of the entropy. Findings. Its entropy is constantly increasing at system aging. The growth of entropy is expressed by changes in the internal energy of the system, which can be determined using mechanical work forces, which leads to deformation. This gives the opportunity to show quantitative indication of breaking the bonds in the system as a consequence of performing mechanical work. According to the results of theoretical research methods for estimation of the timing of life cycles of railway operation considering such factors as the structure of the flow of trains, construction of the permanent way, the movement of trains at high speeds was developed. Originality. For the first time to simulate the accumulation of deformations of railway tracks this figure as the entropy of the system was used. Practical value. Analytic dependences have been brought to practical techniques that make it possible to analyze the track sections with different designs or with different operating conditions in terms of deformation accumulation.
THE MEASUREMENT METHODOLOGY IMPROVEMENT OF THE HORIZONTAL IRREGULARITIES IN PLAN
Authors: Patlasov O. M. , Tokariev S. O.
Published: October 2015

Purpose. Across the track superstructure (TSS) there are structures where standard approach to the decision on the future of their operation is not entirely correct or acceptable. In particular, it concerns the track sections which are sufficiently quickly change their geometric parameters: the radius of curvature, angle of rotation, and the like. As an example, such portions of TSS may include crossovers where their component is within the so-called connecting part, which at a sufficiently short length, substantially changes curvature. The estimation of the position in terms of a design on the basis of the existing technique (by the difference in the adjacent arrows bending) is virtually impossible. Therefore it is proposed to complement and improve the methodology for assessing the situation of the curve in plan upon difference in the adjacent versine. Methodology. The possible options for measuring horizontal curves in the plan were analyzed. The most adequate method, which does not contradict existing on the criterion of the possibility of using established standards was determined. The ease of measurement and calculation was took into account. Findings. Qualitative and quantitative verification of the proposed and existing methods showed very good agreement of the measurement results. This gives grounds to assert that this methodology can be recommended to the workers of track facilities in the assessment of horizontal irregularities in plan not only curves, but also within the connecting part of switch congresses. Originality. The existing method of valuation of the geometric position of the curves in the plan was improved. It does not create new regulations, and all results are evaluated by existing norms. Practical value. The proposed technique makes it possible, without creating a new regulatory framework, to be attached to existing one, and expanding the boundaries of its application. This method can be used not only for ordinary curves, but for very short sections, the curvature of which changes abruptly to its opposite value.
MODELING OF INTERACTION OF THE PASSENGER TRAIN VEHICLES, EQUIPPED BY PASSIVE SAFETY, AT ACCIDENTAL COLLISION WITH OBSTACLE
Authors: Naumenko N. Ye. , Khyzha I. Yu.
Published: October 2015

Purpose. The development of high-speed railway traffic requires the updating of requirements for the design of passenger rolling stock and revision of safety standards on emergency situation of trains with an obstacle. To the construction crews of the new generation demands by equipping them with passive crash systems, ensuring the safety of passengers and personnel in an emergency situation. In order to refine test scenarios train collision with an obstacle and evaluation indicators of energy absorption of the collision of the passive protection devices which are used in computer modeling. The first step in the research of dynamic processes in the train when excessive shock effects, is to assess the maximum values of the compressive forces generated in intercar compound trains, locomotive and cars which are equipped with passive safety systems.Methodology. Based on the concept of passive protection of passenger rolling stock for track with width of 1520 mm on emergency situation the conceptual passive safety system for passenger trains with locomotive traction are formed from the crews of the new generation was proposed. The passive safety system is recommended to be equipped both the locomotive and cars. For a preliminary assessment of compliance for the passive safety system of a passenger train on emergency situation, as a rule, the simplified discrete-mass model is used, in which the train is considered as one-dimensional chain of rigid bodies connected by nonlinear deformable elements. Findings. The algorithm for computing efforts in the inter-connections of the train locomotive traction of the permanent formation is developed, taking into account the specifics of work of coupling devices, devices, energy absorption and elastic-plastic properties of the body structure of crews at emergency situation. Originality. The proposed algorithm allows taking into account the peculiarities of train locomotives of the new generation and the work of the inter-connections in the study of dynamic processes in train in case of emergency situation with an obstacle on the railway track. Practical value. Developed algorithms for computing the efforts of the interaction of the crews of passenger trains with locomotive traction, equipped with passive safety systems that can be used in mathematical modeling of test reference collision scenarios of trains with obstacles for improvement of passive safety systems in the design phase of the passenger rolling stock of new generation.
ASPECTS DEFINITION OF RELIABILITY EVALUATION FACADE SYSTEMS FROM THE VIEW POINT OF EUROCODE
Authors: Radkevych A. V. , Netesa K. M.
Published: October 2015

Purpose. This paper is devoted to the definition of the most rational technique of reliability evaluation of facade systems of multistoried residential buildings with using the experience of buildings construction and operation abroad. The subject is also focused on defining the parameters of materials and facade systems, the improvement of which can increase the reliability and durability of facade systems of multistoried residential buildings, as well as cut the cost of their operation. Methodology. A comparative analysis of the operating experience of various types of facade systems in Ukraine and abroad based on the data of different authors was conducted. The analysis of the impact of external factors on facade systems with the subsequent comparison of methods for assessing the reliability of facades according to the criteria stated in the Eurocode was carried out as well as the selection of parameters that determine the reliability and durability of facade systems. Findings. Authors have performed researches of evaluation methods of organizational and technological reliability and durability of modern facade systems. It was identified the cause of the failure of facade systems. It is offered the ways of materials improvement of facade systems, and constructional and organization-technological decisions on the structure of facade systems. Methods of increase of reliability and durability of front systems were defined. Originality. The most rational technique of reliability evaluation of facade systems considering requirements of Eurocode in questions structural design was defined. Practical value. Improvement of evaluating methods for organizational-technological reliability of facade systems of multistoried residential buildings will predict more accurately the lifetime of enclosures. Using the methods described in the Eurocodes, to determine the reliability and durability of the facade systems will provide the general criteria for the building structures design in Ukraine and Europe, as well as facilitate the exchange of experience in the construction and operation of buildings between the countries of Europe. An analysis of the causes of failures of facades enables to determine the directions of improving the properties of the materials used for the manufacture of facade elements structures as well as engineering and technological solutions of applied facade systems.