SISTEMI UPRAVLJANJA OGNJENE PODPORE V SODOBNIH OBOROžENIH SILAH
Authors: JURTELA JURIJ 
Published: February 2021

Prizadevanje držav za zagotavljanje svetovnega miru je postala prednostna naloga. Trend združenega delovanja enot je vsesplošno prisoten in uveljavljen. Velik razkorak med zmožnostmi in resnično izvedbo združenega delovanja je privedel do tega, da so se začeli povezovati nacionalni sistemi poveljevanja in kontrole na ravni operativnega delovanja. Povezovanje sistemov zahteva predvsem standardizacijo postopkov in opreme, zato standardizacija ni več omejena le na nacionalno raven, temveč mora biti globalna.

Sodobni vojaški sistemi poveljevanja in kontrole so usmerjeni v optimalno reševanje nalog. Zgrajeni so mrežno, omogočajo vključevanje sedanjih in prihodnjih modulov ter komunicirajo med seboj brez dodatnih vmesnikov. S pravilnima usklajevanjem in delitvijo resursov pa precej zmanjšamo tudi materialna in finančna sredstva.

Ognjena podpora ima v nalogah zagotavljanja miru pomembno vlogo. Velika ognjena moč zagotavlja premoč na bojišču, saj ognjena podpora pomeni skupno in usklajeno uporabo ognjenega delovanja kopenskih, mornariških ter zračnih bojnih sistemov in delovanja ofenzivnih sistemov elektronskega bojevanja ter neubojnih sredstev na cilje na kopnem in morju.

Za zagotavljanje takšnega delovanja moramo imeti razvit ustrezen računalniški sistem, ki poveže vse komponente v sistem upravljanja ognjene podpore.

V potrditev pomembnosti ognjene podpore je v novejšem času prišlo do izvedbe ra- čunalniškega vmesnika, ki poveže sisteme upravljanja ognjene podpore posameznih držav v celoto in omogoča skupno delovanje. Vmesnik je izveden tako, da obdržimo nacionalne delovne procese. Tako se ni treba dodatno izobraževati in usposabljati.
Slovenska vojska sledi globalizacijskim usmeritvam. Dokaz je nabava ustreznega operativnega in taktičnega sistema z možnostjo mednarodne povezave.

Žal nekateri sistemi Slovenske vojske nimajo te zmožnosti. Med njimi je sistem upravljanja ognjene podpore. Čeprav je sistem sodoben, brez ustrezne povezave tako v nacionalnem kot mednarodnem okolju izgublja veliko prednosti, zato se na tem področju iščejo nove, ustreznejše rešitve povezav, ki morajo izpolnjevati današnje in prihajajoče zahteve.

Prav tako lahko aplikacijo rešitve povzamemo tudi za druge avtonomne sisteme, kot je sistem za zagotavljanje obveščevalnih podatkov ali sistem vodenja logistike. Zavest, da nova standardizacija in mednarodna povezanost ne pomenita povečanja stroškov, temveč kakovostno izboljšanje delovanja in materialno zmanjšanje potrebnih sredstev, naj bo glavno vodilo.

The effort of the countries to provide global peace has become a priority. The trend of combined unit operations is universally present and established. A large gap between the potential and actual execution of combined operations has led to the integration of national command and control (C2) systems at the operational level. The integration of systems primarily requires the standardization of procedures and equipment. The standardization is thus no longer limited solely to the national level, but it should be global.

Modern C2 systems are directed towards optimal completion of tasks. Built as networks, they allow for the integration of the existing and future modules and for their communication without additional interfaces. With a proper coordination and allocation of resources we also substantially reduce the material and financial resources.

Fire support plays an important role in providing security during peace tasks. At the same time, great fire power ensures battlefield superiority, since it includes joint and coordinated use of fire from land, navy and air engagement systems, and offensive operation of electronic warfare systems and non-lethal means against land and sea targets. Such operations require an appropriate computer system which links all the components into a fire support management system.

The awareness of the importance of fire support has led to the development of a computer interface, which connects fire support management systems of individu- al countries into a whole and thus enables joint operations. The interface was made in a way to preserve national work processes. Further education and training are therefore not necessary.

The Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF) follows the globalization trends. To this end, it has acquired an operational and tactical system capable of international connections.

Unfortunately, some SAF systems, namely the fire support management system, do not include this feature. Although the system is a modern one, it loses a great deal of benefits due to the lack of appropriate national and international links. Therefore, new and more appropriate solutions for connections, capable of fulfilling contempo- rary and future requirements, are sought-after.

The application of the solution can also be applied to other autonomous systems, such as the intelligence system or the logistics management system. The main principle shall be the awareness that new standardization and international cooperation do not incur increased costs, but rather a quality improvement of the operations and a quan- titative reduction of the required resources.