bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction method for scale bias in GNSS-IR sea level retrieval
Authors: Wang Xiaolei , Song Minfeng , He Xiufeng
Published: December 2024

Since the principles and methods of Global Navigation Satellite System-Interferometric Reflectometry (GNSS-IR) sea level monitoring technology based on geodetic receivers were first proposed, the technology has undergone over a decade of development. Currently, this method typically utilizes the frequency of the SNR signal, converts it into the reflector height (RH), and further derives the sea level. Height variation error and tropospheric delay error are widely recognized as systematic errors. Both have corresponding mathematical models that can be used for error mitigation. Random errors and gross errors are generally handled or constrained through quality control or multi-GNSS combination methods. In 2024, a correction method based on the initial phase of the SNR arc was proposed, and related studies suggest it may exhibit superior performance in correcting errors. Beyond the aforementioned errors, many studies have observed a scale bias in inversion results that appears to be correlated with sea-level magnitude. This bias is generally believed to be related to tropospheric delay error, as the magnitude of the tropospheric delay is associated with RH magnitude. However, in many studies, the magnitude of the scale bias exceeds the magnitude of tropospheric delay model value. Through analysis, we infer that the scale bias in some studies is related to the assumption of uniform sea level changes within the time windows during multi-GNSS combination processing. This assumption introduces errors, leading to underestimation of tidal peaks and overestimation of tidal troughs. The primary objective of this paper is to correct scale biases in GNSS-IR sea level retrieval, including those exhibited by raw RHs and those observed in combined RHs. Considering that stations with larger tidal amplitudes tend to show more significant scale biases, GNSS data from two such stations, BRST and HKQT, were used. The results indicate that the phase-based error correction method is more effective than traditional correction method in reducing scale bias in raw RHs. Additionally, we propose a method to mitigate scale bias caused by the assumption of uniform changes. Results indicate that this method effectively corrects scale bias in the combined RHs.
The characterization of size-controlled nanocrystalline cellulose from soy hulls with ultrasonic assisted extraction
Authors: Yu Kejin , Yang Lina , Zhang Siyu , Zhang Ning , Liu He
Published: December 2024

Soybean is a crop of important economic significance and soy hull is the residual by-product of soybean processing industry. In this study, cellulose nanocrystals were extracted from soy hull using a combined acid hydrolysis-ultrasonic treatment process, and its structure, properties, and antimicrobial activity were investigated. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydrogen and ester bonds in the soy hull nanocrystalline cellulose (SHNC), whereas scanning electron microscopy showed that the SHNC was globular or short-rod shaped with diameters in the range of 20–50 nm. The molecular weight of SHNC was 213,935 Da and the extraction yield was 11.42%. Meanwhile, SHNC also had high crystallinity (55.59%), thermal stability, transparency (80%), and UV resistance. Notably, SHNC exhibited an excellent bacteriostatic effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, whose bacteriostatic percentage reached 69.33%. Meanwhile, this study provided a new idea for the high value utilization of waste soy hull.
Evaluating the Quality of Data: Case of Sarcasm Dataset
Authors: Bade Girma Yohannis , Kolesnikova Olga , Oropeza Jose Luis
Published: December 2024

The models of artificial intelligence (AI) rely on data as their primary fuel. Accurate and efficient AI models that generated by high-quality data may guarantee AI-safe use. Sentiment analysis (SA), one of the tasks in natural language processing (NLP), highly relies on sarcasm detection. Sarcasm’s cryptic character, however, makes it difficult and degrades its quality. Even though the problem was thoroughly investigated, it has been limited by the restrictions resulting from improper labeling and data not specifically gathered to identify sarcasm. This paper evaluates the quality of the sarcasm data by the performance of similarly parameterized models. To make an analysis, we compiled four distinct datasets—SARC, SemEval2022, NewsHeadline, and Multimodal. Undersampling and over-sampling techniques were used to balance the data size as well as class-label variations among the corpora. We perform extensive and fair evaluations on various models ranging from machine learning to transfer learning algorithms and employ TF-IDF vectorization and word embedding text representation techniques. Based on the experimental result, the NewsHeadline corpus exhibited greater quality, achieving a notable F1 score of 0.93 in RoBERTa’s model performance. We have created a new (Sarcasm-Quality) dataset combining the best-performing datasets based on the experimental analysis and made it available for public use.
Lobus Frontalis und ChatGPT – Chatbots als Lernassistenz für Studierende
Authors: Großauer Bettina , Hörmann Corinna , Sabitzer Barbara
Published: December 2024

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Rolle von Chatbots als Lernassistenz für Studierende des gehobenen medizinisch-technischen Dienstes an Fachhochschulen in Österreich. Der Fokus liegt auf der aktuellen Nutzung und den zukünftigen Anforderungen dieser Technologie in der Hochschulbildung, insbesondere auf der Entwicklung und Implementierung von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) als unterstützendes Werkzeug im Lernprozess. Die Ergebnisse einer Online-Umfrage mit 101 Studierenden zeigen, dass eine Mehrheit KI bereits nutzt und deren Potenzial erkennt. Insgesamt liefert die vorliegende Studie wichtige Einblicke, um ein tieferes Verständnis für die Wirksamkeit von KI als Lernassistenz zu erlangen und um maßgeschneiderte Anwendungen für die Hochschulbildung zu entwickeln.
Personalentwicklung für Beschäftigte in wissenschaftsunterstützenden Bereichen als blinder Fleck der Hochschulentwicklung
Authors: Banscherus Ulf
Published: December 2024

Obwohl in den wissenschaftsunterstützenden Bereichen zunehmend ein Mangel an qualifizierten Fachkräften besteht, tun sich die Hochschulen in Deutschland schwer damit, Weiterbildungsangebote zu entwickeln, die auf die spezifischen Bedarfe in Verwaltung, Technik und weiteren Servicebereichen reagieren. Zudem bemängeln die Beschäftigten das weitgehende Fehlen von internen Karrierewegen, wie sie in der Privatwirtschaft bereits seit Langem etabliert sind. Vor diesem Hintergrund erfolgt in diesem Beitrag eine Bestandsaufnahme zur Personalentwicklung für die wissenschaftsunterstützenden Bereich an Hochschulen. Abschließend wird ein Ausblick auf mögliche Perspektiven gegeben.
Umgang mit Antisemitismen in Lehrveranstaltungen an Hochschulen der Pädagoginnen- und Pädagogen-Bildung
Authors: Galle Marco , Gautschi Peter , Steger Jasmine
Published: December 2024

Diskriminierungen wie Antisemitismen oder Rassismen sind ein gesellschaftliches Problem, auf welches auch Hochschulen stärker reagieren sollen. Es wird aufgezeigt, wie Dozierende in Lehrveranstaltungen mit diesen sensiblen Themen umgehen. Mit einer Fragebogenbefragung (n = 24 Dozierende) und Einzelinterviews (n = 10) werden Merkmale der Dozierenden und Studierenden sowie Aspekte der didaktischen Gestaltung von Lehrveranstaltungen eruiert. Die Ergebnisse werden hinsichtlich der Weiterentwicklung von Hochschulen diskutiert und es werden abschließend vier Thesen für die Curriculumentwicklung formuliert.
Identificação de encontros de varvito em pontes de pequeno porte e análise dos métodos construtivos utilizados em uma cidade do interior de Santa Catarina
Authors: Liz Jessé Valente de , Hackbarth Junior Heins , Barra Breno Salgado , Mikowski Alexandre
Published: December 2024

Os encontros são elementos estruturais importantes em pontes, sendo projetados para resistir às pressões do solo, bem como às ações descarregadas pela superestrutura. Existem diferentes opções de materiais para a construção dos encontros, como pedras, alvenaria e concreto ciclópico, que faz com esses se caracterizem como estruturas de contenção por gravidade, ou seja, resistem a partir do peso próprio e pelas propriedades físico-mecânicas do material. Um estudo foi realizado para analisar os encontros de pontilhões feitos com varvito, um tipo de rocha conhecido popularmente como ardósia, no município de Braço do Trombudo. O varvito é uma rocha abundante na região e possui grande importância econômica, sendo amplamente utilizado na construção civil, incluindo em Braço do Trombudo, onde há 21 encontros feitos com a rocha varvítica. Os objetivos do estudo foram realizar um levantamento qualitativo e quantitativo, descrever os métodos construtivos utilizados e identificar o comportamento estrutural desses encontros, além de verificar a viabilidade desse tipo de obra. Os encontros por gravidade são viáveis economicamente para vencer pequenas alturas e, combinado com a disponibilidade do varvito na região e sua resposta positiva à compressão, tornam-se uma alternativa viável aos métodos construtivos tradicionais. Além disso, não há necessidade de mão de obra especializada para a execução desse método construtivo. Além do levantamento, também foram realizadas uma revisão sistemática da literatura e uma análise bibliométrica sobre varvito e ardósia. O estudo revelou uma lacuna científica na determinação das propriedades mecânicas do material.
Polyplacophora (mollusca): composition, abundance and occurrence with cohabitants on the west coast of Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Silva Patricia Albuquerque da , Lima Davi José Araújo de , Santos Elisângela Carmo dos , Maia Rafaela Camargo , Jardim Jaime Alberto
Published: December 2024

Poliplacóforos, conhecidos popularmente por quítons, são moluscos marinhos que apresentam ocorrência em todas as partes do mundo. As estruturas morfológicas externas destes indivíduos contribui para sua adesão em regiões irregulares do substrato consolidado. O objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar a assembleia de quítons quanto a sua composição, abundância e ocorrência com coabitantes em substratos duros em praias no litoral oeste do Ceará, nordeste do Brasil. O estudo foi realizado na Praia da Pedra Rachada localizada na cidade de Paracuru e na Praia do Farol localizada em Camocim. As praias rochosas de Camocim e Paracuru foram representadas por três espécies de Polyplacophora: Acanthochitona sp., Ischnochiton striolatus e Ischnoplax pectinata. Foram encontrados 697 organismos, destes, 56% eram da espécie I. striolatus, seguidos de I. pectinata com 33%, Acanthochitona sp. com 11%. Quando comparadas as duas áreas amostradas, Paracuru apresentou uma abundância de 488 indivíduos, e Camocim, apresentou uma abundância de 209 indivíduos. Os organismos apresentaram abundância diferente entre os tipos de substratos e coabitantes. Um total de 30 indivíduos ocorreram somente em substrato liso composto por seixos, sendo as espécies I. pectinata, Achantochitona sp., I. striolatus; e 26 ocorreram em arenito, sendo das espécies I. pectinada e I. striolatus. Foram observados quitons coabitando substratos com algas, gastrópodes, ostras, esponjas, poliquetas, coral, cracas, ascidías e em associações. As espécies I. striolatus e I. pectinata são comumente abundantes nas regiões estudadas e são necessários novos estudos para a compreensão das relações ecológicas dos quítons com os substratos consolidado de regiões costeiras.
The impact of audit committee features on environmental and community disclosure – empirical evidence from GCC countries
Authors: Desoky Abdelmohsen
Published: December 2024

This study examines the extent of environmental and community disclosures and evaluates how audit committee features influence such disclosures among listed firms in Bahrain and Kuwait, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries of emerging markets. The research employs an unweighted disclosure index comprising 18 items related to environmental and community disclosures, analyzing 432 firm-year observations across Bahrain and Kuwait covering a nine-year period (2015–2023). Three audit committee features (independence, number of meetings, and size) along with the number of other board committees are examined in this empirical investigation. Descriptive analysis indicates that the sampled firms offer 44.25% and 60.60% of environmental and community information, respectively, signaling a satisfactory disclosure level in Bahrain and Kuwait. This demonstrates progress compared to prior studies in GCC countries. Hierarchical Multiple Regression models demonstrate that all four models significantly describe the dependent variables. Regression model four exhibits the highest explanatory power in explaining community information. Audit committee independence and size emerge as determinants of community information, while only audit committee independence is associated with environmental information. The results of this study bear significant implications for governmental bodies and regulatory authorities aiming to strengthen disclosure regulations and promote corporate governance frameworks within GCC nations.
KÜLTÜRLEŞMEDEN ÇOK KÜLTÜRLÜ KİMLİK BÜTÜNLEŞMESİNE: ÇOK KÜLTÜRLÜ KİMLİK YÖNETİMİ HAKKINDA KAVRAMSAL VE KURAMSAL BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Dervişoğlu Akpınar Hümeyra
Published: December 2024

Günümüzde göç ve küreselleşmenin boyutu ve hızı, farklı kültürler hakkındaki bilgi birikimini ve kültürler arası etkileşimi her zamankinden fazla etkilemektedir. Artan kültürlerarası temas, bireylerin kimlik anlayışını yeniden şekillendirerek, kültürel kimlik deneyimlerinin ve ifade ediliş biçimlerinin çeşitlenmesine yol açmaktadır. Kültürleşme teorisi ve sonraki araştırmalar, bireylerin sadece köken/etnik kültürü veya ulusal/ev sahibi kültürü benimsemekle kalmayıp, her iki kültüre de aynı anda değer verebileceklerini (bütünleşme) göstermektedir. Son dönemlerdeki araştırmalar ise, farklı ve bazen çatışmalı olan bu kültürlere ait kimliklerin benlik içerisinde nasıl yönetildiğine odaklanmaktadır. Bu makale, çok kültürlülük deneyimini kimlik düzeyinde tanımlamayı ve çok kültürlü kimliklerin yönetimi ile ilgili en son teorik ilerlemeleri gözden geçirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İnceleme sonucunda, çok kültürlülük deneyimini daha iyi anlayabilmek için ne olduğundan çok nasıl başarıldığına odaklanmanın gerekliliği savunulmaktadır. Ayrıca, çok kültürlü kimliklerin başarılı yönetiminde kültürel kimliklerin uyumlu bir sentez hâline getirilmesinin ve süreç temelli yaklaşımların vurgulanmasının önemi belirtilmektedir.
Effect of pH on Bactericidal Efficacy of Chlorine Dioxide against Escherichia coli
Authors: Sviridenko Galina , Komarova Tatyana , Zakharova M.
Published: December 2024

Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is one of the most effective disinfectants against bacteria, spores, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. However, the jury is still out on the role of pH in its bactericidal performance. This research tested the effect of pH 3–11 on the antibacterial properties of chlorine dioxide against Escherichia coli as the main sanitary indicator in dairy production. The experiment involved solutions with various levels of bacterial contamination with a viable cell count of 105 CFU/cm3. The pH of the medium and the concentration of chlorine dioxide exerted a complex effect on E. coli. The 99.99% disinfection performance occurred at lower pH values. The minimal concentration of chlorine dioxide in this research was 1.7 mg/dm3 (0.05%). It was efficient against E. coli only at pH 3 while 2.5 mg/dm3 (0.075%) was efficient at pH 3–5. A concentration of 3.3 mg/dm3 (0.1%) provided complete inactivation of E. coli in solutions with pH ≤ 8. Chlorine dioxide at a concentration of 6.6 mg/dm3 (0.2%) killed the test culture at pH 3–10. The effective concentration across the total pH range was 8.3 mg/dm3 (0.25%).
45° Eğimli İkincil Jetlere Sahip Sınırlandırılmamış ve Sınırlandırılmış Çarpan Jet Dizilerinde Isı Transferi Karakteristiklerinin Deneysel İncelenmesi
Authors: Keleş Haluk , Özmen Yücel
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, 45° eğimli ikincil jetlere sahip sınırlandırılmamış ve sınırlandırılmış çarpan dizi jet akışlarında çarpma yüzeyindeki ısı transferi etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Sınırlandırılmamış ve sınırlandırılmış jet akış alanlarında, Reynolds sayısının 20000 ve 30000 değerleri ve lüle-levha/levhalar arası açıklığın 0,5, 1, 3 ve 6 değerleri için çarpma levhasının orta ekseni boyunca termal kamera ile sıcaklık dağılımları elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sıcaklık dağılımlarından, Reynolds sayısının, lüle-levha/levhalar arası açıklığın ve sınırlayıcı levha varlığının çarpma levhası üzerindeki Nusselt dağılımlarına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Hem sınırlandırılmamış hem de sınırlandırılmış durumda, çarpma levhası üzerindeki Nusselt değerleri artan Reynolds sayısı ile artmakta, artan lüle-levha/levhalar arası açıklıkla azalmaktadır. Çarpma levhası üzerinde birincil lüle ekseni doğrultusundaki durma noktasında ve ikincil jetlerin eksenleri doğrultusundaki çarpma levhası konumlarında yerel Nusselt sayısı pik değerler almaktadır. Çarpma levhası üzerinde oluşan pikler, Reynolds sayısı arttıkça daha keskin hale gelmektedir. İkincil jetlerin çarpma levhası üzerinde oluşturdukları piklerin konumları artan lüle-levha/levhalar arası açıklı ile daha büyük ±r/D değerlerine kaymaktadır. Akış alanlarında sınırlayıcı levhanın varlığı, çarpma levhası üzerindeki Nusselt değerlerini azaltmaktadır.
Assessment of irrigation water management using FAO-CROPWAT 8 in the Paliganj distributary of the Sone irrigation scheme in Bihar: a case study
Authors: Praveen K. , Ray Rahul , Roy Lal Bahadur , Tiwari Deepak Kumar
Published: December 2024

Around 15% of India's gross domestic product comes from agriculture, which is the foundation of the country's economy. India's economic development and efforts to combat poverty have already benefited greatly from its agricultural sector. Sustainable management of water resources can increase agricultural productivity. The study was performed in the Paliganj distributary, a part of the Sone canal system in south Bihar, India. The Paliganj distributary command area lies wholly in the Gangetic plain. The estimation of crop evapotranspiration was carried out using the Modified Penman–Monteith equation for the period 1980 to 2015. The crop coefficient of the crops has been estimated by using a single crop coefficient and a dual crop coefficient. The crop water requirement, irrigation water requirement, and irrigation scheduling of crops grown in the study area were determined using CROPWAT 8.0 software. The results conclude that the maximum, minimum, and average values of ET0 were found to be 7.65 mm/day, 1.31 mm/day, and 3.86 mm/day respectively. The crop water requirement and irrigation requirement of crops grown in Kharif, Rabi, hot weather, and annual seasons in the study area were lower by using dual crop coefficient.
Comparative analysis of water security in Kermanshah Province cities, Iran
Authors: Tavasol Nahid , Poursaeed Alireza , Eshraghi Samani Roya , Vahedi Marjan , Naseri Behrouz
Published: December 2024

This study evaluates water security in the cities of Kermanshah Province, Iran, through the application of the water poverty index (WPI), incorporating five key components: resources, capacity, access, use, and environment. Data were sourced from official records and analyzed to generate WPI scores for each city. The results indicate that Kermanshah Province experiences medium to high levels of water poverty, with significant inter-city disparities. The WPI values ranged from 30.44 in Salas-e Babajani to 66.25 in Kermanshah, with an average provincial score of 43.84. Sahneh ranked highest in the ‘Resources’ component, due to its abundant groundwater and surface water, while Gilangharb and Salas-e Babajani reported the lowest scores, primarily due to unauthorized well extractions. In terms of access, Qasr-e Shirin achieved 99.92% coverage in safe water supply, whereas other cities, such as Javanrud and Salas-e Babajani, fell below 50%. Environmental conditions were generally favorable across the province, with the exception of Sarpol-e Zahab, where water quality was degraded by high pesticide and fertilizer use. These findings underscore the urgent need for tailored water management interventions to address the regional disparities in water security.
AÇÃO DO PERÓXIDO DE HIDROGÊNIO E PERÓXIDO DE CARBAMIDA NO CLAREAMENTO DENTAL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Dantas Anderson Tomaz , Oliveira Pedro Vitor dos Santos , Medeiros Fabianna da Conceição Dantas de
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O clareamento de dentes escurecidos representa uma alternativa estética conservadora, simples e eficaz ao uniformizar a cor dos dentes. Dentre os agentes clareadores, destacam-se os géis de peróxido de hidrogênio e peróxido de carbamida como substâncias ativas com potencial clareador, com características e indicações específicas, seja de uso profissional ou por autoaplicação. Objetivo: Analisar a ação clareadora dos peróxidos de hidrogênio e carbamida no clareamento dental, mediante revisão integrativa da literatura. Metodologia: A busca dos estudos ocorreu nas bases de dados: LILACS, BBO e MEDLINE via portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), além da Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), Cochrane Library e PubMed usando combinações de descritores nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. A pergunta norteadora foi: “há diferença na eficiência clínica do clareamento realizado com peróxido de hidrogênio e de carbamida?”. Os critérios de inclusão consideraram ensaios clínicos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, redigidos em português, inglês ou espanhol, além de trabalhos disponíveis para download. A partir da leitura completa dos artigos, os dados extraídos foram agrupados em uma planilha. Resultados: No total, 17 artigos compuseram o corpo de análise da revisão, os quais integram os resultados clínicos de diferentes amostras variando a concentração e o tipo de substância clareadora, assim como protocolos de tratamento, diferentes métodos e tempos de avaliação da cor dos dentes clareados, assim como, os principais resultados.  A combinação de protocolos clareadores ao associar etapas em consultório e autoaplicadas apresentaram os melhores resultados. Conclusões: A partir da análise dos artigos revisados, conclui-se que a simplificação dos protocolos com uso de peróxidos de baixas concentrações em períodos menores apresentam ação clareadora satisfatória no decorrer do tempo. Fatores como sensibilidade, tempo de trabalho, estabilidade na coloração dos dentes e maior satisfação do paciente podem orientar a escolha do protocolo clareador.
Palavras-Chave: Clareamento dental; Peróxido de hidrogênio; Peróxido de carbamida; Odontologia; Revisão.
POTENCIAL EMPREENDEDOR DE GRADUANDOS EM ODONTOLOGIA
Authors: De Andrade Janilson João Alves , Silva Sobrinho Adriano Referino da
Published: December 2024

Introdução: Em Odontologia, habilidades com o empreendedorismo têm sido cada vez mais necessárias para que os cirurgiões-dentistas se mostrem competitivos no mercado de trabalho. Objetivo: Avaliar o potencial para empreendedorismo de graduandos em Odontologia através da identificação de seus perfis e os fatores associados. Metodologia: Um estudo transversal descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa foi conduzido com alunos graduandos em Odontologia de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) localizada em um município do interior do Nordeste. Um questionário foi aplicado para identificar o tipo do perfil empreendedor do estudante em uma escala crescente. O teste t de Student foi utilizado para verificar diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p=0.05). O estudo teve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (Número do parecer: 5.659.024). Resultados: O score médio foi de 164,0 (±18,291), classificado como “superior” para 55% (n = 171) da amostra. O potencial empreendedor foi significativamente maior dentre pessoas com idade igual ou superior a 21 anos; do gênero mulher; com renda própria; cursando entre o 7° e o 10° período letivo; que já trabalham com empreendimento próprio; que possuem empreendedores na família; e que têm uma percepção positiva sobre o ensino do empreendedorismo na graduação (p<0.05). Conclusões: O potencial para o empreendedorismo de graduandos em Odontologia foi maior dentre as mulheres, os mais velhos e com renda própria. Ter um maior contato com a área, seja através de emprego ou pelo círculo familiar, potencializou as habilidades dentre os graduandos.
Palavras-Chave: Empreendedorismo em Saúde; Estudantes; Ensino; Odontologia; Universidades.
Educação em Cuiabá-MT pela ótica da escola José Magno (1935-1945)
Authors: Simões Cristian Carla de Campos , Silva Marijâne Silveira da
Published: December 2024

Este texto apresenta dados preliminares de uma pesquisa de mestrado em andamento, que tem como objetivo analisar o contexto educacional e os aspectos relacionados ao funcionamento da Escola José Magno, criada no município de Cuiabá, no estado de Mato Grosso no ano de 1935 para atender a população infantil. A investigação visa responder: quais os impactos foram gerados pela criação dessa modalidade educacional e de que maneira essa instituição contribuiu para a consolidação do projeto governamental da época? Para alcançar os objetivos, a pesquisa adota uma abordagem historiográfica, por meio da análise documental e está inserida no campo da História Cultural por meio da Operação Historiográfica de Certeau (1982).
Memória e Histórias Comprometidas
Authors: Barreto Raylane Andreza Dias Navarro , Silva Hemilly Suenny da
Published: December 2024

Sob a ótica da História das Mulheres, o artigo tem como objetivo destacar como a ausência de preservação e organização dos arquivos no Piauí impedem a análise da participação feminina na resistência contra o regime ditatorial. Enquanto outras regiões do Brasil avançam na preservação e investigação das violações de direitos humanos durante a ditadura, o Piauí enfrenta desafios significativos que comprometem não apenas a compreensão histórica, mas também a justiça para as vítimas. A metodologia envolveu pesquisa documental com uma parte bibliográfica. Os resultados destacam a escassez de registros documentais nos arquivos visitados reflete uma falha institucional na guarda da memória da resistência feminina.
Impact assessment of wastewater on water quality using new quality indices and multiple linear regression
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOIND Bucharest, Pirvu Florinela , Paun Iuliana ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOIND Bucharest, Iancu Vasile ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOIND Bucharest, Vasilache Nicoleta ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOIND Bucharest, Rudaru Daniel ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOIND Bucharest, Niculescu Marcela ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOIND Bucharest, Tenea Anda-Gabriela ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOIND Bucharest, Chiriac Florentina Laura ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOIND Bucharest
Published: December 2024

The Wastewater Quality Index (WWQI) is a unique measure that synthesizes the overall quality of wastewater. The main objective of the study was to evaluate whether the quality of wastewater reaching the treatment plant is suitable for optimal disposal using the WWQI approach. To understand the correlation between the determined indicators, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated, so that the results of the analyses reflect the overall quality of the evaluated wastewater. Additionally, statistical analysis was employed to develop a simple prediction model through multiple linear regression (MLR) to predict WWQI based on various wastewater quality parameters. The results indicate good and regular quality of treated wastewater for safe disposal, according to the classification of WWQI levels, and the prediction model yielded values similar to those estimated.
Morphological analysis of the sloth tongue: Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825)
Authors: Coral dos Santos Felipe , Virgínio de Albuquerque Priscilla , Carlos Amanajás de Aguiar Júnior Francisco , Prestes de Andrade Gilcifran , Gomes Ribeiro Apolônio , Cézar dos Santos Nascimento Júlio , Evêncio-Neto Joaquim , Figueiroa Lyra de Freitas Manuela
Published: December 2024

Sloths are arboreal folivores and rely on an efficient digestive system to thrive in Neotropical forests. This study was performed to evaluate the morphological aspects of the tongue of the brown-throated sloth (Bradypus variegatus). Five adult specimens (three males and two females) were obtained from the collection of the Anatomy Laboratory at the Academic Center of Vitória de Santo Antão, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. The tongues were dissected and analyzed for their macroscopic characteristics. They were also subjected to histological analysis, in which sections were stained using hematoxylin–eosin, 1% toluidine blue, Masson’s trichrome, picrosirius–hematoxylin, and mucicarmine. The average tongue length was 4.12 ± 0.17 cm, width was 1.50 ± 0.05 cm, and thickness was 2.00 ± 0.11 cm. The tongue consisted of an apex, body, and root. Numerous filiform and fungiform papillae were present on the dorsum of the tongue, and only two vallate papillae were observed. Microscopic examination revealed that the dorsal surface of the tongue was lined with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, with melanin in the basal layer. The tongue predominantly consisted of skeletal striated muscle fibers. Occasional mast cells were scattered in the connective tissue. Numerous mucous glands were observed, but no serous glands were found. These morphological findings of the tongue of B. variegatus are partially unique to this species and are influenced by its diet and feeding habits.
Mechanistic Insights on Cardioprotective Properties of Ursolic Acid:
Regulation of Mitochondrial and Non-mitochondrial Pathways
Authors: Roudi Hesan Soleimani , Safaei Rozhan , Dabbaghi Mohammad Mahdi , Fadaei Mohammad Saleh , Saberifar Mahsa , Sakhaee Katayoun , Rahimi Vafa Baradaran , Askari Vahid Reza
Published: December 2024

Ursolic acid, a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, has been shown to have significant cardioprotective
effects in various preclinical studies. This article reviews the various mechanisms by which ursolic
acid achieves its cardioprotective effects, highlighting its potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-
apoptotic properties. Ursolic acid upregulates anti-oxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD)
and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), effectively reducing oxidative stress, thereby decreasing reactive oxygen
species (ROS) and improving lipid peroxidation levels. Furthermore, ursolic acid downregulates pro-inflammatory
cytokines and inhibits key inflammatory pathways, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which results
in its anti-inflammatory effects. These actions help in protecting cardiac tissues from acute and chronic inflammation.
Ursolic acid also promotes mitochondrial function and energy metabolism by enhancing mitochondrial
biogenesis and reducing dysfunction, which is critical during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Additionally,
ursolic acid influences multiple molecular pathways, including B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 protein (Bcl-
2)/Bcl-2 associated x-protein (Bax), miR-21/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and phosphoinositide
3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), to reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Collectively, these properties
make ursolic acid a promising therapeutic agent for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), warranting further research
and clinical trials to harness its potential fully.
Stem Cells Derived From Human Deciduous Exfoliated Teeth Ameliorate Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy In Rats By Modulating The Th17/Treg Balance
Authors: Dai Yuyang , Tang Borui , Zhao Xiuli
Published: December 2024

Background:

Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome (INS) is a common kidney disease in
children, and the main clinical manifestations are hypoproteinaemia, proteinuria, hyperlipidaemia,
and oedema. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are involved in tissue repair, protection against fibrosis,
and immune modulation but have rarely been studied in INS.

Objective:

This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of stem cells derived from human
exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) in INS using an adriamycin-induced nephropathy (AN) rat
model.

Methods:

AN was induced in Sprague‒Dawley rats, and SHEDs were transplanted via the tail
vein in single (SHED-s) and multidose (SHED-m) regimens. Cell migration assays were used to
track the SHED distribution. Weight, urine protein, and serum biochemical assays were also performed.
HE and Masson staining were used to observe glomerular and tubular damage, as well as
the degree of fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry was used to label T lymphocytes and podocytes,
and structural changes in podocytes were observed by electron microscopy. ELISA was used to
measure the levels of inflammatory factors. Flow cytometry was used to analyse the balance of
Th17 cells and Tregs. The mRNA expression of Th17- and Treg-associated cytokines and specific
transcription factors was examined by RT‒PCR.

Results:

SHEDs directly migrated to damaged tissues, suggesting a targeted therapeutic effect.
SHED transplantation significantly reduced proteinuria and reversed biochemical abnormalities in
rats with AN. Both single and multidose SHED treatments could inhibit glomerular and tubular damage
and delay the progression of fibrosis caused by adriamycin. SHEDs exerted a protective effect
on podocytes. Additionally, this treatment inhibited inflammatory responses and corrected immune
imbalances, as evidenced by decreased T lymphocyte infiltration, reduced serum levels of
IL-6, TNF-a, and IL-1β, and modulation of the Th17/Treg balance.

Conclusion:

In the AN rat model, SHED partly suppressed the development of inflammation and
alleviated kidney injury, and immune regulation may be the underlying mechanism.
Repercussion of SARS-CoV-2 on the Sexual Function in Males Updated Review
Authors: Pal Radheshyam , Kumar Prashant , Khare Ekta , Anand Amit , Kumar Tinku , Malik Rohit , Chaudhary Vatan , Bhowmick Mithun , Ashique Sumel
Published: December 2024

SARS-CoV-2, also called coronavirus causes SARS-CoV-2 or severe acute respir-atory syndrome, a highly transmissible disease that has rapidly spread worldwide, straining healthcare systems and leading to a substantial number of fatalities. Interestingly, SARS-CoV-2 has revealed a gender difference, with males dying at a greater rate and with more severe cases than women. It's worth noting that the male reproductive system might be par-ticularly susceptible to damage during periods of moderate to severe sickness, which has been linked to cases of orchitis and erectile dysfunction. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 virus particles have been found in the tissues of the testes and penile of both living patients who have recov-ered from the virus and in post-mortem analyses of males who have died from it. For males who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2, sexual transmission is not a big concern, even though moderate to severe infections may have detrimental effects on male reproductive health. This includes the depletion of germ cells and Leydig cells that leads to a decrease in the formation of sperm, potentially decreasing the release of male sex hormones. These ad-verse effects may result in issues such as infertility and sexual dysfunction, which are of growing concern for couples looking to conceive or those in need of assisted reproduction. Numerous investigations have examined SARS-CoV-2's effects on male reproductive health from a variety of perspectives. The purpose of this review is to give a general summary of how SARS-CoV-2 has affected male reproductive health.
In vitro Anti-biofilm and Anti-adhesion Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria- derived Biosurfactants against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Pourhajibagher Maryam , Bahador Abbas
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Biosurfactants are naturally occurring compounds with various ap-plications, biodegradable, non-toxic, and effective in different conditions. This study fo-cuses on the extraction and evaluation of biosurfactants produced by five strains of lactic acid bacteria [LAB] for their potential to inhibit biofilm formation and adhesion by Strep-tococcus mutans.

Methods:

The strains of LAB-producing biosurfactants such as Lactobacillus salivarius, L. acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. casei, and L. rhamnosus were confirmed by the hemolysis test. The presence of biosurfactants derived from LAB strains and their molecular compo-sition were confirmed, and their cellular toxicity, minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC], and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] were investigated. Ultimately, the anti-biofilm and anti-adhesive activities of LAB-derived biosurfactants against S. mutans were determined. Eventually, the effect of biosurfactants on the changes in gene expression associated with biofilm formation of S. mutans was assessed.
All the LAB strains used in this study were biosurfactant producers. The LAB-derived bi-osurfactants exhibited no cytotoxicity towards the human gingival fibroblast [HGF] cell line. According to the results, the lowest and highest MIC values were observed in the biosurfactants derived from L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum at 0.78 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively. The MBC values for the biosurfactants derived from L. rhamnosus, L. casei, L. salivarius, L. acidophilus, and L. plantarum were 3.12, 3.12, 6.25, 12.5, and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively. The LAB-derived biosurfactants at MBC concentrations exhib-ited significant inhibitory effects on biofilm formation and adhesion of S. mutans [P<0.05]. The highest anti-biofilm and anti-adhesion activities were attributed to the biosurfactants derived from L. plantarum, which were not significantly different from the 0.2% chlorhex-idine as a positive control group [P>0.05]. Moreover, all biosurfactants could significantly decrease the gene expression level of gtfB [P>0.05].

Results:

The study found that LAB-derived biosurfactants exhibit significant anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm activities against S. mutans without any observed cellular toxicity towards HGF cells.

Conclusion:

These promising bioactive compounds can be utilized as natural antimicrobial agents and biofilm inhibitors to prevent microbial biofilm formation and adhesion in vari-ous dental applications, offering a safe and effective alternative for controlling dental bio-films and improving oral health outcomes.
Enhancing Acyclovir Permeability Using SLS Crosslinked β-Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles
Authors: Gauniya Priyanka , Radheshyam  , Dobriyal Sukirti , Pandey Mukesh , Semalty Ajay , Semalty Mona
Published: December 2024

Introduction/Objective:

Acyclovir, a BCS class III drug (that has high solubility and low
permeability) is an antiviral drug used for the treatment of herpes simplex and varicose zoster. To
enhance acyclovir's permeability across the intestinal membrane and to improve its bioavailability
the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) nanoparticles of acyclovir were prepared with sodium lauryl sulfate
(SLS) as a crosslinking agent.

Methods:

A phase solubility study was performed with varying ratios of acyclovir to β-CD. Three
formulations of acyclovir-loaded β-CD nanoparticles were prepared with drug-β-CD ratios of 1:1,
1:2, and 1:4. The prepared nanoparticle formulations were characterized for FTIR, dynamic light
scattering (particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential) and in vitro permeability studies.

Results:

Phase solubility study resulted in an "AL type" curve with an association constant (Kc) of
12 M-1 which suggested the formation of a strong complex between acyclovir and β-CD, leading to
enhanced solubility of acyclovir with increasing concentrations of β-CD. The FTIR spectrum confirmed
the compatibility of acyclovir, β-CD, and SLS in the formulations. Dynamic light scattering
analysis demonstrated particle sizes ranging from 152.92 nm to 335.7 nm, with the smallest particles
in the 1:4 ratio formulation (152.92 nm), potentially due to higher drug encapsulation. Zeta potential
measurements reflected formation of stable nanoparticle suspensions, with the formulation
exhibiting a zeta potential of -45.4 mV showcasing optimal stability. In vitro permeation studies revealed
that the 1:4 ratio formulation exhibited the highest permeability (84.24 ±1.94 % at the end of
150 min) through the eggshell membrane, implying efficient drug release. This increase in permeability
corroborated with its smallest particle size.

Conclusion:

The study highlights the potential of β-CD nanoparticles (with best performance
shown by drug-to-β-CD ratio 1:4) in augmenting acyclovir's delivery, suggesting a promising avenue
for improving the drug delivery in viral infections.
Corrigendum to: Investigation of the Expression and Regulation of SCG5 in the Context of the Chromogranin-Secretogranin Family in Malignant Tumors
Authors: Zhang Weisong , Wang Rui , Yi Zhongquan , Guo Rongqi , Li Yangyang , Xu Yanhan , Li Xia , Song Jianxiang
Published: December 2024

An error was found in the affiliations of the author in the article titled ‘Investigation of the Expression and Regulation of SCG5
in the Context of the Chromogranin-Secretogranin Family in Malignant Tumors’’, published in Protein and Peptide Letters,
2024, 31(9), 657-666 [1].

Details of the error and a correction are provided here.

Original:
*Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong
University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng 224000, P.R. China; E-mail: jxsongycsy@163.com (J.S.)

Corrected:
*Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong
University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng 224000, P.R. China; E-mail: jxsongycsy@163.com (J.S.); Department
of General Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng
224000, P.R. China; E-mail: ycsy161317@163.com (X.L.).

We regret the error and apologize to readers.

The original article can be found online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0109298665325956240819064853 PMID: 39219421
Continuous Improvement of Chronic Tinnitus Through a 9-Month Smartphone-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Walter Uso , Pennig Stefan , Bleckmann Lothar , Röschmann-Doose Kristina , Wittig Thomas , Thomsen Jörn , Schlee Winfried
Published: December 2024

Background

Tinnitus is the perception of sound without an external auditive stimulus and can be a severe burden for affected patients. Medical guidelines recommend cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for tinnitus treatment, which effectively improves tinnitus-related distress and anxiety.

Objective

This study investigates the outcome of a 9-month smartphone-based CBT for patients with tinnitus.

Methods

The randomized controlled clinical trial in this study investigates the efficacy of a smartphone-based CBT for 187 patients with chronic tinnitus over a 9-month treatment period. In the initial 3 months, a waiting list design was applied, and in the subsequent study phase, the data of both treatment groups were collectively analyzed. The scores on the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ); 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9); 9-item Self-Efficacy, Optimism, Pessimism (SWOP-K9) questionnaire; and 20-item Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ-20) were assessed as endpoints after 3 and 9 months of treatment.

Results

We observed a statistically significant reduction in the tinnitus burden in patients who received the smartphone-based CBT intervention. Although no changes were observed initially in the TQ sum scores in the waiting control group (baseline mean, 37.8, SD 4.7; 3 months mean 37.5, SD 4.8; analysis of covariance [ANCOVA] P=.52), the scores significantly decreased once the app-based CBT had commenced. Data pooled from both groups revealed significant reduction in the TQ sum score by 12.49 (SD 1.44) (ANCOVA, P<.001) and 18.48 (SD 1.85) (ANCOVA, P<.001) points after 3 and 9 months, respectively, which was also clinically important. The calculated Cohen d was 1.38. Similarly, the scores on PSQ-20 (–9.14 points; ANCOVA, P<.001), PHQ-9 (–2.47 points; ANCOVA, P<.001), and SWOP-K9 (0.17 points; ANCOVA, P<.001) were significantly improved at the end of the therapy, with corresponding intermediate effect sizes after 9 months.

Conclusions

The data in our study provide evidence of statistically significant, clinically relevant, and continuous benefits of an app-based CBT intervention in patients with chronic tinnitus.

Trial Registration

Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00022973; https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00022973
To trust or not to trust, that is the question: AI-supported screening in general practice – a cross-sectional study on trust among urban and rural citizens (Preprint)
Authors: Wewetzer Larisa , Goetz Katja , Steinhauser Jost , Freischmidt Soenke
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The early detection of diseases is one of the tasks of general practice. AI (artificial intelligence)-based technologies could be useful to identify diseases at an early stage in general practices. As a good 90% of the population regularly consult a GP (general practitioner) during one year, this could increase the percentage of citizens who take part in meaningful screening measures.

OBJECTIVE

Considering these factors, the aim of the study was to evaluate the level of trust of citizens in rural and urban areas in AI-supported early detection measures in general practice.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany from Nov 2023 to Dec 2023 on the topic of early detection measures with AI in general practice care, among other things. For this purpose, 5,000 adult residents of rural areas (Ostholstein, Pinneberg, Nordfriesland) and urban areas (Kiel City) were invited to take part in the survey. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, sub-group analysis, linear and stepwise regressions to identify the factors that influence trust in AI-based diagnoses.

RESULTS

The majority of respondents 55% (n=787) consider the introduction of an AI-based screening measure to be a sign of modern medicine. Moreover, 27% (n=388) of respondents fear that the introduction of such services could lead to a deterioration in the doctor-patient relationship. The role of AI in future care was rated as (very) important by 35% (n= 634). The stepwise regression analysis showed that a positive attitude towards AI in medicine being the strongest predictor (ß= 0.420) concerning trust in AI based diagnoses. In contrast, trust in physician diagnoses was associated with lower age (ß= -0.111) and shorter waiting times for test results (ß= 0.077).

CONCLUSIONS

Trust in a GP based diagnose was around six times greater than towards AI applications. Despite concerns about their impact on the doctor-patient relationship, a good third of participants believe that the role of AI in healthcare will grow. Interestingly, trust in doctors appears to be less pronounced among citizens than among patients.