bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence of increases of phytol and chlorophyllide by enzymatic dephytylation of chlorophylls in smoothie made from spinach leaves
Authors: Narai‐Kanayama Asako , Yokosaka Shin‐ichi , Seo Yuji , Mikami Kouji , Yoshino Takayuki , Matsuda Hiroko
Published: May 2023

Phytol is a diterpene alcohol found abundantly in nature as the phytyl side chain of chlorophylls. Free form of phytol and its metabolites have been attracting attention because they have a potential to improve the lipid and glucose metabolism. On the other hand, phytol is unfavorable for those who suffering from Refsum's disease. However, there is little information on the phytol contents in leafy vegetables rich in chlorophylls. This study indicated that raw spinach leaves contain phytol of 0.4−1.5 mg/100 g fresh weight. Furthermore, crude enzyme extracted from the leaves showed the enzyme activities involved in dephytylation of chlorophyll derivatives and they were high at mild alkaline pH and around 45°C, and lowered at 55°C or above. Under the optimum pH and temperature for such enzymes determined in the model reaction using the crude enzyme, phytol content in the smoothie made from raw spinach leaves increased with an increase of chlorophyllide, another reaction product. Comparison between the increased amounts of phytol and chlorophyllide showed that the enzymatic dephytylation of chlorophylls was critically responsible for the increase of phytol in the smoothie.

Practical Application

Phytol, which is released by the enzymes related to chlorophyll metabolism in plants, has been investigated because of its potential abilities to improve the lipid metabolism and blood glucose level. In contrast to such health benefits, they are known to be toxic for patients suffering from Refsum's disease. This research for the first time reports the phytol content in raw spinach leaves and that phytol can be increased in the smoothie made from spinach leaves by the action of endogenous enzymes on chlorophyll derivatives under a certain condition. These results help control phytol content in the smoothies.
Identifying income heterogeneity determinants using the method of moments quantile regression
Authors: Ha Taiwon
Published: May 2023

Prior studies have typically concentrated on poverty status to determine anti‐poverty measures; however, this approach cannot sufficiently detect income heterogeneity. This study employs quantile regression for panel data to investigate the Korean Labour and Income Panel Study 2003–2020. Moreover, it adopts both household‐ and community‐level variables and separates demographic groups as working‐age and older adults, considering Korea's severe old‐age poverty. The findings indicate that household‐level characteristics, such as householder's gender, physical health, and employment status, present heterogeneous effects across the income distribution. Second, low‐income households are more vulnerable to regional economic and labour market downturns than high‐income neighbours. Lastly, although the National Pension, a backbone of the public pension system, provides limited supports for retirees because it was introduced much later than other countries, it assists low‐income old adults more effectively. Therefore, this study suggests more tailored redistribution measures, considering heterogeneous effects of household‐ and community‐level environments, and a further expansion of the National Pension to mitigate old‐age poverty.
Eltoprazine modulated gamma oscillations on ameliorating L‐dopa‐induced dyskinesia in rats
Authors: Bi Yuewei , Wang Pengfei , Yu Jianshen , Wang Zhuyong , Yang Hanjie , Deng Yuhao , Guan Jianwei , Zhang Wangming
Published: May 2023

Aim

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a pervasive neurodegenerative disease, and levodopa (L‐dopa) is its preferred treatment. The pathophysiological mechanism of levodopa‐induced dyskinesia (LID), the most common complication of long‐term L‐dopa administration, remains obscure. Accumulated evidence suggests that the dopaminergic as well as non‐dopaminergic systems contribute to LID development. As a 5‐hydroxytryptamine 1A/1B receptor agonist, eltoprazine ameliorates dyskinesia, although little is known about its electrophysiological mechanism. The aim of this study was to investigate the cumulative effects of chronic L‐dopa administration and the potential mechanism of eltoprazine's amelioration of dyskinesia at the electrophysiological level in rats.

Methods

Neural electrophysiological analysis techniques were conducted on the acquired local field potential (LFP) data from primary motor cortex (M1) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) during different pathological states to obtain the information of power spectrum density, theta‐gamma phase–amplitude coupling (PAC), and functional connectivity. Behavior tests and AIMs scoring were performed to verify PD model establishment and evaluate LID severity.

Results

We detected exaggerated gamma activities in the dyskinetic state, with different features and impacts in distinct regions. Gamma oscillations in M1 were narrowband manner, whereas that in DLS had a broadband appearance. Striatal exaggerated theta‐gamma PAC in the LID state contributed to broadband gamma oscillation, and aperiodic‐corrected cortical beta power correlated robustly with aperiodic‐corrected gamma power in M1. M1–DLS coherence and phase‐locking values (PLVs) in the gamma band were enhanced following L‐dopa administration. Eltoprazine intervention reduced gamma oscillations, theta–gamma PAC in the DLS, and coherence and PLVs in the gamma band to alleviate dyskinesia.

Conclusion

Excessive cortical gamma oscillation is a compelling clinical indicator of dyskinesia. The detection of enhanced PAC and functional connectivity of gamma‐band oscillation can be used to guide and optimize deep brain stimulation parameters. Eltoprazine has potential clinical application for dyskinesia.
The role of single positron emission computed tomography imaging in the diagnosis of brain death whenever Trans‐cranial Doppler fails to support it: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gutgold Amichai , Shorbaji Nadeem , Epstein Danny , Honen Sarit , Diab Tarek , Keidar Zohar , Miller Asaf
Published: May 2023

Objective

Although there is widespread acceptance of the concept of brain death/death by neurologic criteria (BD/DNC), there is marked variability in the use of ancillary tests worldwide. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a useful ancillary test for brain death confirmation because it is safe, noninvasive, and done at the bedside. However, it is considered less sensitive than Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Tc‐HMPAO (99 m). This study aims to test the yield of brain perfusion SPECT testing after a TCD has demonstrated some level of intracranial blood flow among patients fulfilling clinical criteria for BD/DNC.

Methods

This was a single‐center retrospective cohort study of all the patients fulfilling clinical criteria for BD/DNC who underwent brain perfusion SPECT after an intracerebral circulatory arrest was not confirmed by TCD between July 2016 and January 2022.

Results

TCD was an initial ancillary test performed in 252 patients (99.6%) fulfilling clinical criteria for BD/DNC. A complete circulatory arrest was demonstrated in 228 (90.5%) patients. Brain perfusion SPECT was performed in the remaining 24 patients. The absence of cerebral perfusion consistent with BD/DNC was found in 21 cases (87.5%). BD/DN could not be confirmed in three patients (12.5%).

Conclusions

SPECT testing has a high diagnostic yield when TCD fails to confirm a suspected diagnosis of BD/DNC. Combining these two modalities may be an optimal strategy for BD/DNC diagnosis when this is required by local regulations or when confounding factors interfere with the performance of a complete clinical assessment.
Civic engagement and the possibility of the political
Authors: Kull Anne , Bateza Anthony
Published: May 2023

During the last half a century, civil rights movements have been led by people of faith even as they have marched in different directions. Some spoke out for the status quo while others demanded a different vision of justice, some for peace and others for war, for a violence‐free life for women and against it. The issues and partisans shift, particularly as the relationship between state and church, faith and politics, has varied from one country to the next. Participation is dangerous, but even more so are inaction, withdrawal, obedience. This issue of Dialog takes another look at the history, philosophy, and practice of Christians.
Effect of monomer composition and filler fraction on surface microhardness and depth of cure of experimental resin composites
Authors: Leyva del Rio Diana , Johnston William Michael
Published: May 2023

This study evaluated microhardness profiles and calculated depths of cure at 80% of the surface microhardness of experimental dental resin composites having different base monomer compositions and different filler fractions. Composites were prepared using four different base monomers (bisphenol A‐glycidyl methacrylate [Bis‐GMA], urethane dimethacrylate [UDMA], ethoxylated bisphenol‐A dimethacrylate [Bis‐EMA], and Fit‐852) with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) used as a co‐monomer at three filler:resin matrix weight percent fractions (50:50, 60:40, and 70:30). Uncured material was placed in 3D printed molds and light cured for 40 s from the top surface only. Knoop microhardness was measured at the top of the specimen, and at every 0.5 mm up to 4 mm in depth. Microhardness at the surface increased in all experimental composites as the filler fraction increased. When comparing base monomers, microhardness was the highest in UDMA‐based composites, while Bis‐GMA‐based composites showed the lowest values. When comparing depth of cure as a function of base monomer type, both Bis‐GMA and Bis‐EMA showed significantly lower values than UDMA or Fit‐852. Composites having 50 wt% filler showed a significantly higher depth of cure than those with 60 and 70 wt% filler. Base monomer and filler fraction significantly influence microhardness and depth of cure in these experimental composites.
Automatic detection surface defects based on convolutional neural networks and deflectometry
Authors: Buitrago Felipe , Castillo Ossa Luis Fernando , Arango‐López Jeferson
Published: May 2023

Surface defects in industrial refrigerator manufacturing processes can cause significant production losses and compromise product quality. This area is underexplored and currently, visual quality inspection is a subjective process that requires expert intervention, which limits process efficiency and can lead to errors in defect detection. This paper presents a novel approach for automatic surface defect detection using a combination of convolutional neural networks (CNN) and deflectometry. The proposed method takes advantage of the high accuracy and robustness of CNNs in image classification tasks and the sensitivity of deflectometry to detect subtle surface variations. First, a prototype was built to get the images from the refrigerator. Second, using video recordings, we captured surface topographic data using deflectometry, which we then use to generate surface images. Next, we train a CNN to classify the surface images as defective or normal. The proposed method offers a promising solution for automatic detection and quality control of surface defects in refrigerator manufacturing processes. However, this method could also improve the production of vehicles, household appliances in general, and any product that can suffer scratches and dents.
Association of anxiety, age and oral health‐related quality of life with periodontitis: A case‐control study
Authors: Cataldo Dionisia , Mourão Leila Cristina , Gonçalves Lucio Souza , Canabarro Antonio
Published: May 2023

Objective

This case–control study evaluated the association of sociodemographic profile, mental health disorders and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) with periodontitis.

Methods

Patients with periodontitis (PP, n = 50) and control patients (CP, n = 50) were allocated into 2 groups after a complete periodontal examination. Data collection included age, sex, marital status, education and application of 2 questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for the diagnosis of anxiety/depression and Impact Profile on Oral Health (OHIP‐14) for classification of well‐being. An adjusted multiple binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the effect of all studied covariates on periodontitis.

Results

The results show that mean clinical attachment loss and periodontal probing depth were 5.92 (SD = 0.42) and 5.46 (SD = 0.78) in PP and 0.00 (SD = 0.00) and 2.85 (SD = 0.23) in CP, respectively (p < 0.001). The regression analysis demonstrated a significant effect on periodontitis for age (OR = 1.13; p < 0.0001; 95% CI: 1.07–1.20), with the PP having more people aged 50 years or older than CP, anxiety (OR = 1.25; p = 0.020; 95% CI: 1.04–1.50) and OHIP‐14 (OR = 1.17; p < 0.0001; 95% CI: 1.08–1.226).

Conclusions

The findings showed a positive association between anxiety, OHRQoL and age with periodontitis.
Public Health Officials Should Almost Always Tell the Truth
Authors: Director Samuel
Published: May 2023

One of the lessons of the COVID‐19 pandemic is that the lay public relies immensely on the knowledge of public health officials. At every phase of the pandemic, the testimony of public health officials has been crucial for guiding public policy and individual behavior. The reason is simple: public health officials know a lot more than you and I do about public health. As lay people, we rely on experts. This seems straightforward. But the COVID‐19 pandemic has shown that public health officials seem undecided as to what, precisely, their role is; are they providing the public information as it presents itself, or are they informing the public in a way that produces a desired or optimal outcome? In this article, I answer the following question: what are public health officials morally obligated to tell the public? As I see it, these are the main options: (1) public health officials should tell the full truth, regardless of outcome; or (2) they should tell partial truths or lies that are aimed to promote a socially optimal outcome. My answer to this question is that public health officials are only allowed to lie under very narrow and rare conditions.
Teachers' and Black students' views on the incorporation of African American children's literature in an after‐school book club: collaborative and culturally based learning
Authors: Jones Brittney , Lynch Jacqueline
Published: May 2023

It has been suggested that culturally relevant literature can be beneficial to elementary school students' learning. Yet, less research has focused on African American students' perspectives of that literature, including aspects of that engagement that may benefit their learning. Therefore, the main goal centred on US elementary school students' perspectives of African American children's literature in an after‐school book club. There were 15 second‐ and third‐grade African American students from a low‐income area who participated in the 6‐week book club. The book club sessions were recorded, student artefacts were collected and a focus group was held with students. Following the book club, there were two classroom teachers interviewed along with an after‐school teacher facilitator. Based on the analysis, four themes were found. These focused on increased reading motivation, the role of cultural and personal associations with literature for comprehending, engagement in communal learning and improved access to culturally relevant texts. The results extend previous research on the importance of social collaboration and culturally relevant books to promote motivation and reading comprehension among learners and highlight the value of collaborative and culturally based learning for Black children in the American context.
Scaling the invisible wall: Molecular acclimation of a salinity‐tolerant diatom to freshwater
Authors: Bilcke Gust , Kamakura Shiho
Published: May 2023

In aquatic ecosystems, marine and freshwater environments are separated by steep salinity gradients. The osmotic stress induced by this ‘invisible wall’ forms an insurmountable barrier for many aquatic lifeforms, including bacteria, algae and animals. Because the osmotic differences when transiting a salinity divide are so hard to overcome, most species have adapted exclusively to a marine or a freshwater lifestyle. A major consequence of this physiological specialization into marine and freshwater organisms is that transitions are relatively rare, impeding regular contact and colonization. While some animals use specialized organs or behaviour to cope with unfavourable salinity levels, unicellular algae such as diatoms are completely dependent on cellular mechanisms to mitigate salinity stress. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Downey and colleagues investigate the transcriptomic response of a salinity‐tolerant diatom to a shock treatment with freshwater (Molecular Ecology, 2023). Through frequent sampling and integration of existing RNA sequencing data, a fine‐grained model of the acclimation to hypo‐osmotic stress emerges. Deciphering the pathways that drive the acute and long‐term acclimation to freshwater has major implications for diatom ecology, diversification and resilience to global change.
Confirmation of Neoporphyra cf. dentata on Shikinejima, Izu Islands, southcentral Japan, and comparison with co‐occurring Neoporphyra haitanensis
Authors: Okamoto Miku , Ikeura Airi , Tamaki Motoya , Niwa Kyosuke
Published: May 2023

The Izu Islands of southcentral Japan are thought to fall within the distribution range of Neoporphyra dentata. However, the gametophytic blades of Bangiales collected from Shikinejima and Hachijojima, Izu Islands, were identified as Neoporphyra haitanensis in our previous study. Thus, it became uncertain whether N. dentata is distributed in the Izu Islands, including Shikinejima. To clarify whether N. dentata grows on Shikinejima, we conducted a further distribution survey of N. dentata on the island. The morphological features of the blade samples collected from an additional sampling site on Shikinejima were more similar to those of N. dentata than to those of N. haitanensis: the blade thickness and the division formula of spermatangia resembled those of the former species rather than the latter species. However, the division formula of zygotosporangia was different from those of either species. The phylogenetic analyses of the rbcL gene indicated that the samples were resolved in a clade including N. dentata collected from Shirahama, Chiba Prefecture, and Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. The p‐distances of the chloroplast rbcL gene and nuclear 18S rRNA also supported identification of the samples as N. dentata. The results demonstrated that N. dentata is also distributed on Shikinejima with co‐occurring N. haitanensis, and that the island materials of the two species are genetically different from other materials of the two species, respectively.
Contemporary Concise Review 2022: Interstitial lung disease
Authors: Smith David J. F. , Jenkins R. Gisli
Published: May 2023

SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS

Novel genetic associations for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) risk have been identified. Common genetic variants associated with IPF are also associated with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

The characterization of underlying mechanisms, such as pathways involved in myofibroblast differentiation, may reveal targets for future treatments.

Newly identified circulating biomarkers are associated with disease progression and mortality.

Deep learning and machine learning may increase accuracy in the interpretation of CT scans.

Novel treatments have shown benefit in phase 2 clinical trials.

Hospitalization with COVID‐19 is associated with residual lung abnormalities in a substantial number of patients.

Inequalities exist in delivering and accessing interstitial lung disease specialist care.
Therapeutic effects of mesoderm introduction of compound glycyrrhizin injection on the treatment of rosacea
Authors: Li Shanshan , Zhao Xu , Chen Yun , Liu Jipeng
Published: May 2023

Objectives

This study aims to introduce compound glycyrrhizin injection for the treatment of rosacea by mesoderm therapy, and further analyze the therapeutic and aesthetic effects of this treatment method and its impact on the dermatological quality of life index, which provides new ideas and methods for cosmetic dermatology treatment of rosacea.

Methods

The recruited rosacea patients were divided into Control group (n = 58) and observation group (n = 58) according to the random number table. The control group was treated with topical metronidazole clindamycin liniment, and the study group was additionally used mesoderm introduction of compound glycyrrhizin injection. The transepidermal water loss (TEWL), water content in corneum, and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) in rosacea patients were evaluated.

Results

Our results showed that the scores of erythema, flushing, telangiectasia, and papulopustule were significantly reduced in the observation group. In addition, the observation group significantly decreased TEWL and increased the water content of the stratum corneum. Furthermore, the observation group significantly reduced the DLQI of rosacea patients compared to the control group.

Conclusion

The use of mesoderm therapy combined with compound glycyrrhizic acid has a therapeutic effect on facial rosacea and improves patient satisfaction.
Interdependence of cholesterol distribution and conformational order in lipid bilayers
Authors: Aghaaminiha Mohammadreza , Farnoud Amir M. , Sharma Sumit
Published: May 2023

We show, via molecular simulations, that not only does cholesterol induce a lipid order, but the lipid order also enhances cholesterol localization within the lipid leaflets. Therefore, there is a strong interdependence between these two phenomena. In the ordered phase, cholesterol molecules are predominantly present in the bilayer leaflets and orient themselves parallel to the bilayer normal. In the disordered phase, cholesterol molecules are mainly present near the center of the bilayer at the midplane region and are oriented orthogonal to the bilayer normal. At the melting temperature of the lipid bilayers, cholesterol concentration in the leaflets and the bilayer midplane is equal. This result suggests that the localization of cholesterol in the lipid bilayers is mainly dictated by the degree of ordering of the lipid bilayer. We validate our findings on 18 different lipid bilayer systems, obtained from three different phospholipid bilayers with varying concentrations of cholesterol. To cover a large temperature range in simulations, we employ the Dry Martini force field. We demonstrate that the Dry and the Wet Martini (with polarizable water) force fields produce comparable results.
Diagnostics of target-cavity confined plasmas produced by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of graphite
Authors: Hernandez J. E. , Wada M.
Published: May 2023

Ion energy of laser plasmas produced by repeated nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of graphite is measured by time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometry and retarding potential analysis. An Nd:YAG laser with λ=1064 nm wavelength is incident toward the center of a cylindrical graphite target while the target is rotated along its axis. Ion energy distributions are measured via TOF spectroscopy. TOF signals show a decrease in the ion peak current by half followed by shifting of the signals by 4 μs toward later times after 10 000 laser shots. An ion energy decrease of 200 eV was measured from the retarding potential analysis.
Validation and verification of three-dimensional finite element target scattering models and Green's functions
Authors: Gunderson Aaron M.
Published: May 2023

A configurable three-dimensional (3D) finite element framework is used for modeling acoustic scattering from various elastic targets on seabed and for the numerical determination of Green's functions used in far-field target scattering prediction. The 3D selection is chosen for possible inclusion of complex seafloor geometries, such as rough, rippled, cluttered, or variably layered seabeds, in which two-dimensional modeling approaches cannot capture the full acoustic interaction with the target and the seabed. Model results are verified and validated against analytic scattering theories and measured results from the 2013 Target and Reverberation Experiment (TREX) and the 2017 CLUTTEREX experiment.
FUTIs: an In-Person or Online Graphing, Bioinformatics, and Scientific Literacy Exercise That Explores the Presence of Antibiotic Resistance in Foodborne Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Foster-Hartnett Dawn , Mwakalundwa Gwantwa , Henry Greta , Bofenkamp Lisa , Dvorak Cheryl M. T. , Lalande Anna , Johnson Timothy J.
Published: May 2023

We developed a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) that gives students an opportunity to practice the process of science in a context that intersects with their everyday lives: purchasing grocery store chicken. Student mastery of concepts was assessed by pre- and postassessment questions and lab report worksheets that guided them through the process of writing a scientific paper.
Antibiotic-Resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 and Its SXT Elements Associated with Two Cholera Epidemics in Kenya in 2007 to 2010 and 2015 to 2016
Authors: Shah Mohammad Monir , Bundi Martin , Kathiiko Cyrus , Guyo Sora , Galata Amina , Miringu Gabriel , Ichinose Yoshio , Yoshida Lay-Myint
Published: May 2023

Kenya is a country where cholera is endemic; it has experienced three substantial epidemics over the past few decades, but there are limited data on the drug resistance patterns of
V. cholerae
at the national level. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of
V. cholerae
O1 strains isolated from two consecutive epidemics and to examine their associated antimicrobial genetic determinants.
Supplemental Material: Tracing black shales in the source of a porphyry Mo deposit using molybdenum isotopes
Authors: Xue QiQi , Zhang Lipeng , chen shuo , al. et
Published: May 2023

Analytical methods, Figures S1–S4, and data tables.  
A Timing-Based Framework for Designing Resilient Cyber-Physical Systems under Safety Constraint
Authors: Al Maruf Abdullah , Niu Luyao , Clark Andrew , Mertoguno J. Sukarno , Poovendran Radha
Published: May 2023

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are required to satisfy safety constraints in various application domains such as robotics, industrial manufacturing systems, and power systems. Faults and cyber attacks have been shown to cause safety violations, which can damage the system and endanger human lives. Resilient architectures have been proposed to ensure safety of CPS under such faults and attacks via methodologies including redundancy and restarting from safe operating conditions. The existing resilient architectures for CPS utilize different mechanisms to guarantee safety, and currently, there is no common framework to compare them. Moreover, the analysis and design undertaken for CPS employing one architecture is not readily extendable to another. In this article, we propose a timing-based framework for CPS employing various resilient architectures and develop a common methodology for safety analysis and computation of control policies and design parameters. Using the insight that the cyber subsystem operates in one out of a finite number of statuses, we first develop a hybrid system model that captures CPS adopting any of these architectures. Based on the hybrid system, we formulate the problem of joint computation of control policies and associated timing parameters for CPS to satisfy a given safety constraint and derive sufficient conditions for the solution. Utilizing the derived conditions, we provide an algorithm to compute control policies and timing parameters relevant to the employed architecture. We also note that our solution can be applied to a wide class of CPS with polynomial dynamics and also allows incorporation of new architectures. We verify our proposed framework by performing a case study on adaptive cruise control of vehicles.
Mind Wandering in Information Technology Use: Scale Development and Cross- Validation
Authors: Oschinsky Frederike Marie , Klesel Michael , Niehaves Bjoern
Published: May 2023

Because our minds frequently drift away, an investigation into mind wandering while using information technology (IT) is critical. Despite growing interest in mind-wandering episodes in various domains, the discipline of Information Systems (IS) still lacks a validated measurement instrument that can account for the technology-related facets of the phenomenon. Our work addresses this gap and presents the results of a comprehensively developed scale that is specifically designed for IS scenarios. Using existing literature and the results of a pilot study (N = 35), a field study (N = 364), and a cross-validation sample (N = 336), we developed a new instrument that allows mind wandering while using technology to be measured either as a state (MWS) or as a trait with two subtypes (MWT-D: deliberate, and MWT-S: spontaneous). Whereas MWS captures a momentary mental state or a sequence of mental states that arise relatively freely while using technology in a given moment, MWT-D and MWT-S capture either intentional or unintentional, internally focused thoughts in technology-related settings in everyday life. Our scale is well suited to support future research to investigate the effects of mind wandering in technology-related settings and to study its implications for IS-relevant dependent variables, such as task performance and creativity.
Fixed Point Results of a New Family of Contractions in Metric Space Endowed with a Graph
Authors: Jiddah Jamilu Abubakar , Alansari Monairah , Mohammed Om Kalthum S. K. , Shagari Mohammed Shehu , Bakery Awad A.
Published: May 2023

In this note, a general class of contractive inequality, namely, admissible hybrid

H
−
α
−
ϕ

contraction, is proposed in metric space endowed with a graph, and new criteria for which the mapping is a Picard operator are examined. The significance of this type of contraction is connected with the possibility that its inequality can be particularized in more than one way, depending on the provided constants. Relevant examples are designed to support the assumptions of our obtained notions and to show how they are different from the known ones. A corollary which reduces our obtained result to a recently published result in the literature is pointed out and discussed.
An Entropy-Based Gravity Model for Influential Spreaders Identification in Complex Networks
Authors: Liu Yong , Cheng Zijun , Li Xiaoqin , Wang Zongshui
Published: May 2023

The mining of key nodes is an important topic in complex network research, which can help identify influencers. The study is necessary for blocking the spread of epidemics, controlling public opinion, and managing transportation. The techniques thus far suggested have a lot of drawbacks; they either depend on the regional distribution of nodes or the global character of the network. The gravity formula based on node information is a good mathematical model that can represent the magnitude of attraction between nodes. However, the gravity model requires less node information and has limitations. In this study, we propose a gravity model based on Shannon entropy to effectively address the aforementioned issues. The spreading probability method is employed to enhance the model’s functionality and applicability. Through testing, it has been determined that the suggested model is a good alternative to the gravity model for selecting influential nodes.
A Systematic Review of Using Deep Learning Technology in the Steady-State Visually Evoked Potential-Based Brain-Computer Interface Applications: Current Trends and Future Trust Methodology
Authors: Albahri A. S. , Al-qaysi Z. T. , Alzubaidi Laith , Alnoor Alhamzah , Albahri O. S. , Alamoodi A. H. , Bakar Anizah Abu
Published: May 2023

The significance of deep learning techniques in relation to steady-state visually evoked potential- (SSVEP-) based brain-computer interface (BCI) applications is assessed through a systematic review. Three reliable databases, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and IEEE, were considered to gather relevant scientific and theoretical articles. Initially, 125 papers were found between 2010 and 2021 related to this integrated research field. After the filtering process, only 30 articles were identified and classified into five categories based on their type of deep learning methods. The first category, convolutional neural network (CNN), accounts for 70% (n=21/30). The second category, recurrent neural network (RNN), accounts for 10% (n=3/30). The third and fourth categories, deep neural network (DNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM), account for 6% (n=30). The fifth category, restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), accounts for 3% (n=1/30). The literature’s findings in terms of the main aspects identified in existing applications of deep learning pattern recognition techniques in SSVEP-based BCI, such as feature extraction, classification, activation functions, validation methods, and achieved classification accuracies, are examined. A comprehensive mapping analysis was also conducted, which identified six categories. Current challenges of ensuring trustworthy deep learning in SSVEP-based BCI applications were discussed, and recommendations were provided to researchers and developers. The study critically reviews the current unsolved issues of SSVEP-based BCI applications in terms of development challenges based on deep learning techniques and selection challenges based on multicriteria decision-making (MCDM). A trust proposal solution is presented with three methodology phases for evaluating and benchmarking SSVEP-based BCI applications using fuzzy decision-making techniques. Valuable insights and recommendations for researchers and developers in the SSVEP-based BCI and deep learning are provided.
Associated Clinical Factors for Coagulation Dysfunction due to Trimeresurus stejnegeri: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Xie Run-Hua , Ye Xiao-Lu , Tang Cong-Yao , Wang Yu-Huai , Zhong Long-Xin
Published: May 2023

Background. Trimeresurus stejnegeri (T.s) accounts for most snakebites in southern China, which always leads to coagulation dysfunction. Coagulopathy due to venom is widely considered to be a characteristic phenomenon of the DIC-like syndrome. It is vitally important for first-line clinicians to improve this condition as soon as possible. However, clinical factors associated with coagulation function in Trimeresurus stejnegeri has not been well characterized yet. Materials. Patients bitten by vipers were admitted to the Emergency Department of a hospital in Shenzhen, southern China, from 2021 to 2022 and were retrospectively reviewed. Patient clinical characteristics and laboratory data were compared in the eligible patients bitten by T.s by their prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen level (FIB), and platelet count on 2-3 days after bitten. Results. 105 patients were included in this study. The mean values of PT, FIB, and PLT are as follows: 12.8 ± 0.79 s, 2.25 ± 0.47 g/L, and 196.2 ± 57.1 × 109/L. Uric acid (UA) (367.9 ± 103.85), blood glucose (6.53 + 1.64) show negative trend of correlation, while CRP (2.12 + 4.17) shows positive trend of association with coagulation function. The smoke and systolic blood pressure may exert negative effects on PT and PLT, respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that uric acid (UA) shows significant connection with PT (OR = 1.15 andPvalue <0.0001), FIB (OR = 0.89 andPvalue = 0.026), and PLT (OR = 0.79 andPvalue = 0.007). CRP is also shown to be associated with FIB (OR = 1.33 andPvalue = 0.043).Conclusion: Uric acid (UA) shows a significant association with PT, FIB, and PLT. CRP is related to FIB. Blood glucose shows a negative trend of correlation with PT. We do recommend physician should low the level of UA in some degree on the basis of injection of an antivenom serum.
Supplementary Methods S1 from Comparative Analysis of the Humoral Immune Response to the EBV Proteome across EBV-Related Malignancies
Authors: Argirion Ilona , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Proietti Carla , Coghill Anna E. , Yu Kelly J. , Middeldorp Jaap M. , Sarathkumara Yomani D. , Hsu Wan-Lun , Chien Yin-Chu , Lou Pei-Jen , Wang Cheng-Ping , Rothman Nathaniel , Lan Qing , Chen Chien-Jen , Mbulaiteye Sam M. , Jarrett Ruth F. , Glimelius Ingrid , Smedby Karin E. , Hjalgrim Henrik , Hildesheim Allan , Doolan Denise L. , Liu Zhiwei
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Methods S1 expands upon data and statistical methods.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Rural, Large Town, and Urban Differences in Optimal Subspecialty Follow-up and Survivorship Care Plan Documentation among Childhood Cancer Survivors
Authors: Noyd David H. , Janitz Amanda E. , Baker Ashley A. , Beasley William H. , Etzold Nancy C. , Kendrick David C. , Oeffinger Kevin C.
Published: May 2023

Geographic distribution of survivors with Passport for Care
Table S4 from Deep Transcriptome Profiling of Multiple Myeloma Using Quantitative Phenotypes
Authors: Griffin Rosalie , Hanson Heidi A. , Avery Brian J. , Madsen Michael J. , Sborov Douglas W. , Camp Nicola J.
Published: May 2023

Hazard ratios of high vs low risk early treatment failure.
Table S4 from Diet Quality and All-Cause Mortality in Women with Breast Cancer from the Breast Cancer Family Registry
Authors: Haslam Danielle E. , John Esther M. , Knight Julia A. , Li Zhongyu , Buys Saundra S. , Andrulis Irene L. , Daly Mary B. , Genkinger Jeanine M. , Terry Mary Beth , Zhang Fang Fang
Published: May 2023

Table S4 Shows Hazard Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals for Risk of Breast Cancer- and CVD-Specific Mortality in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer According to Dietary Quality Indices in the Northern California Breast Cancer Family Registry Site
Table S5 from Changes in Breast Cancer Risk and Risk Factor Profiles among U.S.-Born and Immigrant Asian American Women Residing in the San Francisco Bay Area
Authors: John Esther M. , Koo Jocelyn , Ingles Sue A. , Kurian Allison W. , Hines Lisa M.
Published: May 2023

Table S5 shows differences in the prevalence of risk factors comparing foreign-born Asian American, U.S.-born Asian American, and U.S.-born non-Hispanic White women who were born from 1951-1984
Supplementary Table 5 from Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition in Patients with Brain Metastasis
Authors: Liu Zheran , Zhang Yu , Pei Yiyan , He Yan , Yu Jiayi , Zhang Renjie , Wang Jingjing , Chong Weelic , Hai Yang , Peng Xingchen , Fang Fang
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 5. The Cox proportional analyses of malnutrition scores with overall survival in patients with brain metastases in lung cancer and non-lung cancer patients.
Supplementary Table 2 from Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition in Patients with Brain Metastasis
Authors: Liu Zheran , Zhang Yu , Pei Yiyan , He Yan , Yu Jiayi , Zhang Renjie , Wang Jingjing , Chong Weelic , Hai Yang , Peng Xingchen , Fang Fang
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 2 Baseline Characteristics of included patients stratified by CONUT (A), PNI (B), and NRI (C) categories.
Table S5 from Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer Risk via Inflammation, Part 1: The Effect of Physical Activity on Inflammation
Authors: Swain Christopher T.V. , Drummond Ann E. , Milne Roger L. , English Dallas R. , Brown Kristy A. , Lou Makayla W.C. , Boing Leonessa , Bageley Amy , Skinner Tina L. , van Roekel Eline H. , Moore Melissa M. , Gaunt Tom R. , Martin Richard M. , Lewis Sarah J. , Lynch Brigid M.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 5 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for IL-6
Table S3A from Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer Risk via Inflammation, Part 1: The Effect of Physical Activity on Inflammation
Authors: Swain Christopher T.V. , Drummond Ann E. , Milne Roger L. , English Dallas R. , Brown Kristy A. , Lou Makayla W.C. , Boing Leonessa , Bageley Amy , Skinner Tina L. , van Roekel Eline H. , Moore Melissa M. , Gaunt Tom R. , Martin Richard M. , Lewis Sarah J. , Lynch Brigid M.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 3A presents the risk of bias for randomised controlled and randomised cross-over trials, using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool
Table S2B from Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer via Inflammation, Part 2: The Effect of Inflammation on Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Lou Makayla W.C. , Drummond Ann E. , Swain Christopher T.V. , Milne Roger L. , English Dallas R. , Brown Kristy A. , van Roekel Eline H. , Skinner Tina L. , Moore Melissa M. , Gaunt Tom R. , Martin Richard M. , Lewis Sarah J. , Lynch Brigid M.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort studies
Figure S5B from Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer via Inflammation, Part 2: The Effect of Inflammation on Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Lou Makayla W.C. , Drummond Ann E. , Swain Christopher T.V. , Milne Roger L. , English Dallas R. , Brown Kristy A. , van Roekel Eline H. , Skinner Tina L. , Moore Melissa M. , Gaunt Tom R. , Martin Richard M. , Lewis Sarah J. , Lynch Brigid M.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Figure 5B presents forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Figure 3 from Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer via Inflammation, Part 2: The Effect of Inflammation on Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Lou Makayla W.C. , Drummond Ann E. , Swain Christopher T.V. , Milne Roger L. , English Dallas R. , Brown Kristy A. , van Roekel Eline H. , Skinner Tina L. , Moore Melissa M. , Gaunt Tom R. , Martin Richard M. , Lewis Sarah J. , Lynch Brigid M.
Published: May 2023

Forest plots for effects of inflammatory biomarkers on breast cancer risk. Forest plots for (A) leptin and (B) adiponectin.
Supplementary Table 1 from Risk and Protective Factors for Cancer Mortality among United States Service Members and Veterans (2001–2018)
Authors: Sharifian Neika , Carey Felicia R. , Seay Julia S. , Castañeda Sheila F. , Boyko Edward J. , Rull Rudolph P.
Published: May 2023

Supplemental Table 1.
Health-related Factors and Self-Reported Diagnoses at Study Entry across Combat/Deployment Experience
Supplementary Table S7 from Estimating the Number of Men Living with Metastatic Prostate Cancer in the United States
Authors: Devasia Theresa P. , Mariotto Angela B. , Nyame Yaw A. , Etzioni Ruth
Published: May 2023

This supplemental table contains the 2030 projections of metastatic prostate cancer prevalence when we assume worse recurrent survival compared to de novo.
Supplementary Table S5 from Estimating the Number of Men Living with Metastatic Prostate Cancer in the United States
Authors: Devasia Theresa P. , Mariotto Angela B. , Nyame Yaw A. , Etzioni Ruth
Published: May 2023

This supplemental table contains the 2018 estimates of metastatic prostate cancer prevalence when we assume worse recurrent survival compared to de novo.
Table S1 from High-Throughput Peptide Arrays Identify Potential Diagnostic Autoantibody Signatures in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Luo Rongrong , Zhong Pei , Li Xiying , Cai Juan , Tao Yimin , Xiong Bangzhu , Zheng Hancheng , Zhang Zhishang , Tang Le , Yao Jiarui , Li Yingrui , Shi Yuankai , Han Xiaohong
Published: May 2023

Corresponding abbreviated number for differential peptides probes in correlation plot.
Data from Diet Quality and All-Cause Mortality in Women with Breast Cancer from the Breast Cancer Family Registry
Authors: Haslam Danielle E. , John Esther M. , Knight Julia A. , Li Zhongyu , Buys Saundra S. , Andrulis Irene L. , Daly Mary B. , Genkinger Jeanine M. , Terry Mary Beth , Zhang Fang Fang
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:
The impact of diet on breast cancer survival remains inconclusive. We assessed associations of all-cause mortality with adherence to the four diet quality indices: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH).
Methods:
Dietary intake data were evaluated for 6,157 North American women enrolled in the Breast Cancer Family Registry who had been diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 1993 to 2011 and were followed through 2018. Pre-diagnosis (n = 4,557) or post-diagnosis (n = 1,600) dietary intake was estimated through a food frequency questionnaire. During a median follow-up time of 11.3 years, 1,265 deaths occurred. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted HR and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results:
Women in the highest versus lowest quartile of adherence to the HEI-2015, AHEI, aMED, and DASH indices had a lower risk of all-cause mortality. HR (95% CI) were 0.88 (0.74–1.04; Ptrend = 0.12) for HEI-2015; 0.82 (0.69–0.97; Ptrend = 0.02) for AHEI; 0.73 (0.59–0.92; Ptrend = 0.02) for aMED; and 0.78 (0.65–0.94; Ptrend = 0.006) for DASH. In subgroup analyses, the associations with higher adherence to the four indices were similar for pre- or post-diagnosis dietary intake and were confined to women with a body mass index <25 kg/m2 and women with hormone receptor positive tumors.
Conclusions:
Higher adherence to the HEI-2015, AHEI, aMED, and DASH indices was associated with lower mortality among women with breast cancer.
Impact:
Adherence to a healthy diet may improve survival of women with breast cancer.
Data from Changes in Breast Cancer Risk and Risk Factor Profiles among U.S.-Born and Immigrant Asian American Women Residing in the San Francisco Bay Area
Authors: John Esther M. , Koo Jocelyn , Ingles Sue A. , Kurian Allison W. , Hines Lisa M.
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:
Breast cancer incidence rates in women of Asian descent have been increasing in the United States and Asia.
Methods:
In a case–control study of Asian American women from the San Francisco Bay Area, we assessed associations with birthplace and migration-related characteristics and compared risk factors between Asian American and non-Hispanic White women by birthplace and birth cohort.
Results:
Birthplace and migration-related characteristics were associated with breast cancer risk only among women in the younger birth cohort (1951–1984) that comprised 355 cases diagnosed at age ≤55 years and 276 sister and population controls. Breast cancer risk was marginally increased among foreign-born women [OR = 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.97–2.03] and two-fold among foreign-born Chinese women (OR = 2.16; 95% CI, 1.21–3.88). Two-fold increased risks were associated with migration at age ≥40 years and longer U.S. residence (≥30 years or ≥75% of life). The education level was high among both cases and controls. Differences in the prevalence of risk factors by birthplace and birth cohort suggest temporal changes in reproductive and lifestyle-related factors. The prevalence in risk factors was similar between foreign-born and U.S.-born women in the younger birth cohort, and did not fully explain the observed associations with birthplace and other migration characteristics.
Conclusions:
In contrast to studies from earlier decades, younger foreign-born Asian American women had a higher risk of breast cancer than U.S.-born Asian American women.
Impact:
It is important and urgent to understand what factors drive the increasing burden of breast cancer in women of Asian descent and implement effective prevention programs.