bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA IN CORRELATION WITH P16 IHC MARKER
Authors:   SeniorResident, DepartmentofPathology,B.J.MedicalCollege,Ahmedabad,India., Kalsariya Poorva , Desai Hemina ,   Professor, DepartmentofPathology,B.J.MedicalCollege,CivilHospital,Ahmedabad., Mehta Nilam ,   Tutor, DepartmentofPathology,B.J.MedicalCollege,CivilHospital,Ahmedabad., Goswami Hansa ,   ProfessorandHeadofDepartment,DepartmentofPathology,B.J.MedicalCollege,Ahmedabad.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma consistently ranks as one of the top seven cancers world wide. P16 expression is now being used as surrogate marker of HPV infection in squamous cell carcinoma. Aims:To study and correlate oral squamous cell carcinoma in indianpopulation with age, sex, habit of tobacco, anatomical site, histological grade and scoring of p16 positivity on IHC. Material and methods:100 cases oforal squamous cell carcinomawere correlated withp16 IHC marker positivity with age, sex,habit of tobacco, anatomical site and grading of squamous cell carcinoma and scoring of p16 positivity on IHCbased on system by M. Oliver et, al. Result:Out of 8 p16 expression positive cases: 3 cases were< 50 years of age while 5 cases observed in > 50 years of age. M:F ratio was 7:1.2 cases were tobacco chewers and 1 case was smoker, numbers of welldifferentiated, moderately and poorly differentiated cases were 2,4 and 2 respectively, Out of total 100 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma 92cases with 0 score of p16 immunostaining,3 cases with 1+,2 cases with 2+ and 3cases with 3+ scores observed.
THE USE OF VISUAL SCRIPTING UNREAL ENGINE 5 IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANDROID-BASED FPS GAME LEFT BEHIND
Authors:   Informatics Study Program of Yogyakarta University of Technology, Siliwangi Street, North Ring Road, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia., David Fernandez Ari , Sutopo Joko ,   Informatics Study Program of Yogyakarta University of Technology, Siliwangi Street, North Ring Road, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Published: December 2023

The popularity of Android mobile games in Indonesia is very high, but the majority of the games available are from overseas. Therefore, local game developers need to improve the quality of their products in order to compete with games that already exist in the Indonesian market. The purpose of the preparation of this research is to develop a zombie First Person Shooter (FPS) game entitled Left Behind which was developed using the Visual Scripting method and is expected to be an inspiration for developers in pouring their work by making quality games. This Left Behind FPS game was developed using Unreal Engine 5 as a game engine and later the game can be played on an Android smartphone. Unreal Engine 5 is an opensource game engine that was released in 2022 so that it can present high quality graphics. In testing the application, it is proven that the use of high graphics can be run on Android devices smoothly.
East Ural Radioactive Trace: cancer mortality over a 57-year period (1957-2014)
Authors: Silkin S. S. , Krestinina L. Yu. , Akleyev A. V.
Published: December 2023

The objective of the current study was to assess the cancer mortality risk in the cohort of the exposed population on the territory of the East Urals Radioactive Trace over a 57-year follow-up period from 1957 to 2014 using individual doses. Materials and methods: At the end of September 1957 as a result of an accident in the cooling system of storage tanks with liquid radioactive waste, an explosion occurred on the territory of the Mayak PA which led to the formation of the East Urals Radioactive Trace. The population living in the contaminated settlements of the Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions has been affected by prolonged external and internal exposure. The cohort of individuals exposed in the territory of the East Urals Radioactive Trace numbers 21,384 people, of whom 2,055 persons had lived in Techa riverside settlements before the 1957 accident and received additional radiation exposure. The mean stomach dose for members of the East Urals Radioactive Trace cohort was 36 mGy, the maximum dose was 1130 mGy. The updated TRDS-2016 dosimetry system was used to assess individualized doses. Over the 57-year follow-up period of the cohort (1957-2014), 1294 deaths from cancer were registered in the catchment area. The number of person-years at risk was 511278. The analysis of the cancer mortality risk was carried out with the EPICURE statistical package using the Poisson regression method. Confidence intervals were calculated using the maximum likelihood method. Results: In the course of the cancer mortality analysis in the East Urals Radioactive Trace cohort over a 57-year period, a statistically significant excess relative risk of mortality per 100 mGy equal to 0.05 (95% CI: 0.002; 0.11, p = 0.04) was obtained in the entire East Urals Radioactive Trace cohort. If individuals who received additional exposure on the Techa River were excluded from the analysis, the value of the risk loses its statistical significance.
Relation between the thyroid diseases prevalence and doses of radiation exposure in the individuals relocated from radioactively contaminated areas in South Urals
Authors: Rabinovich E. I. , Povolotskaya S. V. , Degteva M. O. , Tolstykh E. I.
Published: December 2023

The objective of this work was to reveal the relations between thyroid pathology prevalence and absorbed thyroid radiation dose from 131I in the individuals relocated into Ozyorsk from the radioactively contaminated areas of South Urals. The sources of data for statistical analysis were the electronic database “Thyroid” containing clinical and laboratory data, and electronic database “The man and the environment” containing dosimetry information on irradiated individuals. Thyroid diseases and individual thyroid doses from all sources of ionizing radiation were collate for 195 persons relocated into Ozyorsk from the villages of the Techa riverside and of the territory of the East Ural Radioactive Trace. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using a software package (Excel, Statistica 6.1). The prevalence of thyroid nodules increased in relocated female statistically significantly 1.7 times (p=0.03) in the range of thyroid doses of 1000-1499 mGy and 2 times (p=0.003) in the range of doses of 1500–1999 mGy compared to this parameter at the doses below 1000 mGy. The prevalence of all thyroid abnormalities has been increased 1.5 times (p=0.007) in the range of thyroid doses of 1500-1999 mGy. An increased prevalence of thyroid diseases by 1.6 times (p=0.02) relative to non-irradiated persons was noted for relocated female whose age at the time of the medical examination was less than 60 years only. A significant number of risk factors requires the use the multivariate statistical analysis to assess their contribution for the development of thyroid pathology in the individuals residing in childhood in radioactively contaminated areas.
Evaluation of the radiation risk of medical examinations in the Russian Federation taking into account the age and sex distribution of the patients
Authors: Golikov V. Yu.
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study was to develop a methodology that allows taking into account the age and sex dependencies of the risk of radiogenic cancer and the age and sex distribution of the patients to evaluate the collective risk due to separate X-ray examinations and medical exposure in the Russian Federation as a whole. Methodology is based on the use of lifetime risk coefficients estimated for the Russian and Composite population and the results of the study of typical doses of patients for various X-ray examinations in the Russian Federation. It is shown that the assessment of the radiation risk of separate X-ray examinations calculated using lifetime age and sex risk coefficients, organ doses and age distributions of patients may differ up to order of magnitude from the risk assessment based on effective dose and nominal risk coefficients. The difference in estimating of the collective risk of total medical exposure in the Russian Federation by these two methods reached 2.5 times in 2018.
Tritium contamination of surface and ground waters at the “Dnepr” peaceful underground nuclear explosions site
Authors: Ramzaev V. P. , Biblin A. M. , Repin V. S. , Khramtsov E. V. , Varfolomeeva K. V.
Published: December 2023

The article presents results of a study on the tritium content in surface and ground waters in the area of peaceful underground nuclear explosions of the “Dnepr” series. Low-yield thermonuclear explosions (1.8–2.1 kt of TNT equivalent) were carried out inside Mount Kuel’por (Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmansk Oblast, the Russian Federation) in 1972 and 1984. The purpose of the explosions was to crush the ore body (apatite minerals), followed by the extraction of the crushed rock to the ground surface. The main long-term problem generated by these explosions was the flow of tritium-contaminated groundwater onto the ground surface. The area where the explosions took place is actively visited by tourists. Water from local reservoirs, in particular from the Kuniyok River, is used by people for drinking. The purpose of this study was to assess the drinkability of the local waters in terms of activity concentration of tritium. To achieve this goal, 35 water samples were taken in 2019 from wells, boreholes, rivers, streams, lakes and other accessible environmental waterbodies. Activity concentration of tritium in the samples was determined using the Quantulus 1220 low-background liquid scintillation spectrometer. The activity concentration of tritium in the water samples was in a rather wide range: from less than 2 Bq/kg up to 1510 Bq/kg. The maximum value was up to three orders of magnitude higher than the regional background level of approximately 2 Bq/kg. At the same time, the maximum activity concentration was significantly lower compared to the intervention level for drinking water (7600 Bq/kg, according to Sanitary Norms and Rules of the Russian Federation). Based on the results of this study and data obtained by other researchers earlier, it became possible to assess the half-time for decrease of activity concentration of tritium in surface and ground waters in the period 2008–2019. The mean value (± standard error of the mean) of the effective half-time of tritium in water from the mine, the boreholes, and the Kuniyok River was estimated as 4.4 ± 0.2 year. The decrease in activity concentration of tritium in water depended more on ecological processes (dilution with “pure” water) than on physical decay of the radionuclide. In 2019, the estimated value of the effective dose due to ingestion of tritium in drinking water from the Kuniyok River was 0.17 μSv; this was negligible compared to the dose limit of 1 mSv per year for the public.
19. Yüzyıl Rus Resim Sanatında Evlilik Ritüeli ve Eşiksellik İlişkisi
Authors: Gür Nazif
Published: December 2023

Evlilik teması 19.yüzyıl Rus resim sanatında sıklıkla tercih edilen temalardan biri olmuştur. Coğrafyaya göre değişiklik gösteren evlilik ritüelinin aynı zamanda kültürel araştırmaların da kapsamında oluşu, evlilik temalı resimlerin betimsel analizini yapmada disiplinlerarası okumayı kaçınılmaz kılmıştır. 20. yüzyılda ritüelleri anlamlandırmak için bilimsel bir bakış açısı geliştiren Arnold Van Gennep, kişinin doğumdan ölüme kadar hayatının pek çok döneminde sosyal bir birey olarak dönüşüme uğradığı geçişi üç aşamada tasnif etmektedir. Victor Turner ise bu dönüşüm deneyiminde, eşiksellik ve komünitas kavramlarına dikkat çekmiştir. Makalenin amacı da böylesi dönüşümlerden biri olan evliliği, seçilen resimlerle Gennep‘in üç aşamalı geçiş ritüelleri, Turner’ın eşiksellik ve komünitas kavramları üzerinden betimsel analizini yapmak olmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, evlilik temalı resimlerin Turner ve Gennep’in kuramları ile örtüştüğü sonucuna varılmıştır.
Dairy Products with Shelf-Life Limit in Feed Formulations
Authors: Kuznetsov Pavel , Gabrielova Valentina
Published: December 2023

The dairy industry inevitably loses a lot of products at the stage of sale because their shelf-life is limited. However, non-marketed dairy products can be recycled into whole milk substitutes with close-to-natural amino acid and fat composition. This research offers a comprehensive analysis of variables that affect the efficiency of recycling plants that specialize in dairy products. The authors linked the performance of recycling plants with various economic indicators to develop a performance test criterion. The article also introduces some basic principles of developing amino acid and fat compositions of feed products and additives obtained from non-marketed dairy products.
Dairy Products Fortified with Biologically Active Selenium
Authors: Khramtsov Andrey , Serov Alexander , Blinov Andrey , Blinova Anastasia , Gvozdenko Alexey , Bakholdina Tamara , Lodygin Alexey
Published: December 2023

The article describes the effect of a new biologically active form of selenium on cow’s milk as a dispersed system. The authors developed new methods to stabilize selenium nanoparticles with food additive E433 and studied the physicochemical profile of the fortified milk. The biologically active nanosized form of selenium was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Its effect on the dispersed milk system was assessed by the changes in pH and the average hydrodynamic radius of the milk system on storage day 5. Selenium particles were 52 nm in size. The biologically active selenium had no significant effect on milk components. The resulting functional milk product demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, which exceeded Trolox equivalent by 26 %. In this study, the biologically active nanoselenium was able to integrate into the colloidal system of milk and functionalize it.
Milk Composition of Holstein Cows and Saanen Goats
Authors: Pozovnikova Marina , Leybova Viktoria , Tulinova Olga , Romanova Elena
Published: December 2023

The article introduces a comparative analysis of the component composition of milk obtained from Holstein cows and Saanen goats. The animals received an identical feed base under the same natural and climatic conditions (Leningrad Region, Russia). Monthly milk samples were tested for milk fat, protein, casein, lactose, and fatty acids using a FOSS 7 DSCC infrared analyzer. The cow’s milk was rich in fat, protein, casein, and lactose. The goat’s milk contained little saturated fatty acids, e.g., myristic, palmitic, and stearic. However, it was high in polyunsaturated and short-chain fatty acids. The milk of Saanen goats proved to have good prospects for the dairy industry, especially as part of functional food or infant formula.
Health-Saving Technologies for Functional Canned Milk
Authors: Ivkova Irina , Yakushkin Igor , Nadtochiy Anastasia , Titova Ksenia
Published: December 2023

This article introduces new technologies for milk powder and sour-cream powder stabilized with antioxidants. The powders contained animal and vegetable fats, whole milk proteins, and fat and amino acids, while being low in cholesterol and energy value. The authors conducted industrial production tests and comparative quality analyses. The study involved such indicators as the fractional composition of lipids and the mass fraction of proteins and fats, as well as the composition of essential amino acids and vitamins. The experimental products demonstrated excellent organic properties and could be recommended as functional additives.
Challenges and further directions of research on spatial thinking strategies
Authors: Bartseva Ksenia , Likhanov Maxim , Soldatova Elena
Published: December 2023

Spatial thinking (spatial ability) is an important predictor of success in mathematics, engineering, science and other related fields. Spatial performance is related to a large number of factors, including socio-economic and biological influences. Strategies of spatial thinking, understood as the approach, consciously or unconsciously, chosen to solve a spatial problem, is one of the factors that contribute to overall performance. The literature discusses strategies for solving different spatial tasks, including mental rotation, spatial visualisation, navigation, and mechanical reasoning, which are partly overlapping but also have some distinct features. In this review, we have summarised more than one hundred studies published in leading international journals, identified the main trends, insights and limitations of these studies, and presented possible future directions of this research area. A special emphasis is placed on the contemporary methods for studying spatial strategies, including eye tracking, neuroimaging (EEG, fMRI, fNIRS), non-invasive brain stimulation, and tracking location in space (VR mazes, GPS data). The practical significance of this research is discussed. For example, identifying strategies optimal for performance in a specific task can benefit education, engineering psychology, logistics and usability.
Assessing Patriotism in Preschool Children: Diagnostics of Patriotic Education
Authors: Averin Sergey , Voroneckaya Lyudmila , Murodhodzhaeva Natal'ya , Punchik Veronika
Published: December 2023

Patriotic upbringing is an inherent part of preschool education. However, its efficiency is extremely difficult to measure. This article introduces an authentic approach to assessing the results of patriotic education in preschool children. The method was tested as part of an innovative project on the prospects of STEM-education, which integrates Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. The experiment was supervised by the Federal Institute of Modern Education and covered 64 education institutions in 22 cities and 10 villages of the Russian Federation. It involved children aged 5–7 y.o. Their patriotism was measured quantitatively based on the structural content of this phenomenon. The measurement intervals of the cumulative index were determined for three levels of patriotic orientation in children aged 5–6 and 6–7 y.o. The qualitative analysis relied on a creative task where children were asked to draw a picture of Motherland Russia. The new method demonstrates good pedagogical, methodological, and educational prospects.
Urban Agglomerations in Russia: Legal Analysis of Development Control
Authors: Lisina Natal'ya , Ushakova Aleksandra , Baev Viacheslav , Nazaryan Monika
Published: December 2023

The settlement system in the Russian Federation is that of urban agglomerations. This process legally manifests itself as management bodies that control urban agglomerations on the basis of inter-municipal cooperation and / or redistribution of powers between local and regional governments. Although this process is countrywide, it remains underrepresented in the legal science. The article introduces an analysis of urban agglomeration management. It yielded four current models of agglomeration management in Russia: horizontal, vertical, mixed, and that of a city of federal significance. The horizontal model relied on inter-municipal cooperation without direct legal participation of the region. The vertical model presupposed direct regional management of the agglomeration based on the mechanism of power redistribution. The mixed model involved coordination between the regional executive authorities and the municipalities on the basis of a deliberative body, e.g., a coordinating council. None of the models with their strong and weak points proved to be universally applicable. The management model should depend on the specific features of a particular urban agglomeration.
Russian and Anglo-Saxon Models of Juvenile Justice: Opportunities for Interaction
Authors: Terent'eva Valeriya
Published: December 2023

Children are seen as objects of increased protection. Therefore, they cannot be subjected to the same criminal-repressive methods as adults. As a rule, minors belong to the sphere of juvenile justice. The Anglo-Saxon legal model of juvenile justice is the closest to the Russian one in terms of methods of legal regulation. Its experience may help to improve the Russian juvenile legal system to make it reflect the national legal realities. According to the Anglo-Saxon juvenile justice, young offenders face either punitive measures created specifically for them or those that apply to adults. The criminal code of the Russian Federation uses the same approach. In the Anglo-Saxon system of juvenile justice, the main types of exemption from criminal punishment involve probation, parole, and restitution. They differ from those stipulated by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation as they possess a greater degree of individualization. In some cases, these tailored measures can be applied to minors under 21 years old.
Web-Conferencing in Court: Pros and Cons
Authors: Kukarceva Aleksandra
Published: December 2023

The article examines the legal status of web-conferencing in the courtroom. Trial court litigation no longer requires physical presence in the courtroom because web-conferencing has become an integral part of the judicial system, thus facilitating people’s access to justice. However, many organizational issues remain unregulated, e.g., application timing, identification procedure, evidence examination and presentation, protocol procedures, etc. The legal regulation of the connection process and the consequences of non-compliance also remain a special issue. These organizational matters impact the ability of remote participants to defend their interests in court and obtain access to justice equal to those provided to in-person attendees. The author proposes various ways to enhance the norms of using web-conferencing systems in court, e.g., how to examine digital evidence in a web-conference format, how to provide web-conferencing facilities for every court session, etc. Web-conferencing at court needs stricter legislation, uniform legal standards, and clear procedures. The article offers an analysis of the existing information services, their technical capabilities, and alternative technological solutions for online participation in courts of arbitration and general jurisdiction.
Machine learning approaches for adequate prediction of flow resistance in alluvial channels with bedforms
Authors: Mir Ajaz Ahmad , Patel Mahesh
Published: December 2023

In natural rivers, flow conditions are mainly dependent on flow resistance and type of roughness. The interactions among flow and bedforms are complex in nature as bedform dynamics primarily regulate the flow resistance. Manning's equation is the most frequently used equation for this purpose. Therefore, there is a need to develop alternate reliable techniques for adequate prediction of Manning's roughness coefficient (n) in alluvial channels with bedforms. Thus, the main objective of this study is to utilize machine learning (ML) models for predicting ‘n’ based on the six input features. The performance of ML models was assessed using Pearson's coefficient (R2), sensitivity analysis, Taylor's diagram, box plots, and K-fold method has been used for the cross-validation. Based on the output of the current work, models such as random forest, extra trees regression, and extreme gradient boosting performed extremely well (R2 ≥ 0.99), whereas, Lasso Regression models showed moderate efficiency in predicting roughness. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the energy grade line has a significant impact in predicting the roughness as compared to the other parameters. The alternate approach utilized in the present study provides insights into riverbed characteristics, enhancing the understanding of the complex relationship between roughness and other independent parameters.
Seasonality of nitrous oxide emissions at six full-scale wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Sieranen Milla , Hilander Helena , Haimi Henri , Larsson Timo , Kuokkanen Anna , Mikola Anna
Published: December 2023

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an ozone-depleting greenhouse gas that contributes significantly to the carbon footprint of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Plant-specific measurement campaigns are required to reliably quantify the emission level that has been found to significantly vary between WWTPs. In this study, the N2O emissions were quantified from five full-scale WWTPs during 4–19-day measurement campaigns conducted under both cold period conditions (water temperature below 12 °C) and warm period conditions (water temperature from 12 to 20 °C). The measurement data were studied alongside long-term monitoring data from a sixth WWTP. The calculated emission factors (EFs) varied from near 0 to 1.8% relative to the influent total nitrogen load. The results confirmed a significant seasonality of N2O emissions as well as a notable variation between WWTPs in the emission level, which a single fixed EF cannot represent. Wastewater temperature was one explanatory factor for the emission seasonality. Both low and high emissions were measured from denitrifying–nitrifying activated sludge (AS) processes, while the emissions from only nitrifying AS processes were consistently high. Nitrite (NO2-) at the end of the aerobic zones of the AS process was linked to the variability in N2O emissions during the cold period.
Numerical analysis of the total scattering cross section on a set of sound-permeable spheres
Authors:   Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia, Nasibullaeva E.Sh.
Published: December 2023

One of the most important subtasks of the problem of acoustic wave scattering on a set of small spherical obstacles is to determine the main characteristic of the scattering phenomenon, namely, the total scattering cross section. Its solution will make it possible to establish at what system parameters the interaction between particles is insignificant and can be neglected (in this case, the problem can be simplified and reduced to the many single particles case), and at what parameters this interaction cannot be neglected. In present work a numerical parametric analysis of the total scattering cross section on a spheres system under the influence of a spherical wave from a monopole radiation source is carried out on the base on an explicit formula for the total scattering cross section on a set of interacting sound-permeable spheres. In order to determine the ratio of the physical parameters of the sphere and the environment, under which the effects of multiple scattering are significant for given types of system configuration, a series of computational experiments was carried out to calculate the main scattering characteristic taking into account multiple scattering, as well as the sums of characteristics for single sound-permeable spheres. It is shown that in all cases considered, the effects of multiple scattering cannot be neglected when determining the total scattering cross section. In the case of air bubbles in water, the type of configuration of the system is an essential factor; for water droplets in the air, both the type of configuration and the number of spheres in it are essential; and for dichloroethane droplets in water, the type of configuration and the number of spheres in it are insignificant factors.
Isotherm Study, Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Lead Using Combination Adsorbent of Chitosan and Coffee Ground Activated Carbon
Authors: Nisa Nisa Nurhidayanti , Cahyanto Aris Dwi
Published: December 2023

The presence of lead metal in water naturally due to its mobility can cause the nature of water to become toxic and endanger the environmental ecosystem because it bioaccumulates in the food chain. The purpose of this study was to study the maximum adsorption capacity through an isotherm model, to determine the rate of adsorption kinetics in the use of chitosan and coffee grounds adsorbents in reducing lead concentrations in industrial wastewater and to study its thermodynamic magnitude. The research method was carried out using experiments in the laboratory followed by quantitative data analysis to determine the isotherm model and adsorption kinetics. The results showed that the adsorption isotherm follows the Langmuir isotherm model with a correlation coefficient of 0.9970 with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1.0511 mg.g-1 which indicates that chemical adsorption occurs in the mono layer with a homogeneous distribution of adsorption sites with adsorption energy. constant and negligible interactions between lead metal molecules (adsorbate). Study of lead adsorption kinetics using chitosan-activated carbon coffee grounds following the Weber-Morris/intra-particle diffusion model with a correlation coefficient of 0.9920 with a diffusion rate of 76.512 g.mg-1.hour-1 indicating that intra-particle diffusion is the rate step limiting in the overall biosorption process. Negative ΔGo values ​​indicate that the adsorption reaction takes place spontaneously, ΔHo of 0.8130 indicates an endothermic reaction, and ΔSo of 4.1888 indicates an increase in the randomness of the adsorption process at the adsorbent interface and lead during adsorption.
Minimally Invasive Posterior Spinal Nonfusion Surgery in Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Using a Bipolar One-Way Self-Expanding Rod System: Protocol for a Single-Center Clinical Cohort Study
Authors: Post Anne Mareille , Berends Hanneke I , van Royen Barend J
Published: December 2023

Background

The current surgical treatment for patients diagnosed with progressive and severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) consists of the correction of the spinal curvature, followed by posterior spinal fusion (PSF). However, research has uncovered short- and long-term complications of posterior spinal fusion in patients with AIS. Minimally invasive growing rod techniques have successfully been used to treat patients with early-onset scoliosis and neuromuscular scoliosis. It may be questioned if minimally invasive posterior spinal nonfusion (PSnF) surgery with bipolar instrumentation can be used for the treatment of AIS.

Objective

This study will be performed to monitor the efficacy and safety of PSnF surgery by using a commercially available Conformité Européenne-certified spinal implant consisting of bilateral bipolar one-way self-expanding rods (OWSER) for the treatment of patients diagnosed with AIS.

Methods

In 14 selected patients with AIS with Lenke 1-6 curves, minimally invasive PSnF surgery with the OWSER system is performed after the failure of conservative treatment (curve progression of >5° within 1 year). The patients are over 7 years of age, with a major Cobb angle of ≥30°, sufficient flexibility, and a Risser stage of ≤2. Patients will be followed over time, according to the standard medical care. Efficacy will be measured using radiological and patient satisfaction assessments and safety will be determined by the amount of perioperative complications.

Results

Patient inclusion started on November 17, 2021 and we hope to finalize patient inclusion by the beginning of 2025. The first results will be expected by the beginning of 2024.

Conclusions

Minimally invasive PSnF in patients with AIS is presented as a less invasive surgical technique that prevents the progression of the scoliotic curve and that allows minor posture correction of coronal imbalance. This will be the first study to examine whether the PSnF bipolar OWSER instrumentation will be the next generation of surgical instrumentation in AIS.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04441411; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04441411

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/47222
Capacity of Generative AI to Interpret Human Emotions From Visual and Textual Data: Pilot Evaluation Study
Authors: Elyoseph Zohar , Refoua Elad , Asraf Kfir , Lvovsky Maya , Shimoni Yoav , Hadar-Shoval Dorit
Published: December 2023

Background

Mentalization, which is integral to human cognitive processes, pertains to the interpretation of one’s own and others’ mental states, including emotions, beliefs, and intentions. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and the prominence of large language models in mental health applications, questions persist about their aptitude in emotional comprehension. The prior iteration of the large language model from OpenAI, ChatGPT-3.5, demonstrated an advanced capacity to interpret emotions from textual data, surpassing human benchmarks. Given the introduction of ChatGPT-4, with its enhanced visual processing capabilities, and considering Google Bard’s existing visual functionalities, a rigorous assessment of their proficiency in visual mentalizing is warranted.

Objective

The aim of the research was to critically evaluate the capabilities of ChatGPT-4 and Google Bard with regard to their competence in discerning visual mentalizing indicators as contrasted with their textual-based mentalizing abilities.

Methods

The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test developed by Baron-Cohen and colleagues was used to assess the models’ proficiency in interpreting visual emotional indicators. Simultaneously, the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale was used to evaluate the large language models’ aptitude in textual mentalizing. Collating data from both tests provided a holistic view of the mentalizing capabilities of ChatGPT-4 and Bard.

Results

ChatGPT-4, displaying a pronounced ability in emotion recognition, secured scores of 26 and 27 in 2 distinct evaluations, significantly deviating from a random response paradigm (P<.001). These scores align with established benchmarks from the broader human demographic. Notably, ChatGPT-4 exhibited consistent responses, with no discernible biases pertaining to the sex of the model or the nature of the emotion. In contrast, Google Bard’s performance aligned with random response patterns, securing scores of 10 and 12 and rendering further detailed analysis redundant. In the domain of textual analysis, both ChatGPT and Bard surpassed established benchmarks from the general population, with their performances being remarkably congruent.

Conclusions

ChatGPT-4 proved its efficacy in the domain of visual mentalizing, aligning closely with human performance standards. Although both models displayed commendable acumen in textual emotion interpretation, Bard’s capabilities in visual emotion interpretation necessitate further scrutiny and potential refinement. This study stresses the criticality of ethical AI development for emotional recognition, highlighting the need for inclusive data, collaboration with patients and mental health experts, and stringent governmental oversight to ensure transparency and protect patient privacy.
Preliminary Evaluation of a Single Brief Session of a Novel Gamified Attentional Bias Modification for Improving Children’s Happiness: Randomized Controlled Trails (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Qiaochu , Wang Yahui , Zhou Yanlin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Previous research has shown significant effect of gamified attentional bias modification on negative affect. However, insufficient studies have investigated the effect of gamified attentional bias modification on improving positive affect.

OBJECTIVE

The study assessed the effect of novel gamified attentional bias modification on self-report positive attentional bias and subjective happiness.

METHODS

Adolescents from a secondary school in Hong Kong were recruited and randomly assigned into three conditions which were negative-avoidance attentional bias modification, the combination of negative-avoidance and positive-search attentional bias modification, and placebo training. After completing the inventories to assess positive attentional bias and subjective happiness, participants engaged in a 15-minute short training session. They completed the second assessment of positive attentional bias and subjective happiness immediately after the session.

RESULTS

None of the conditions significantly improved self-report positive attentional bias and subjective happiness from Time 1 to Time 2. No difference was found among the training conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

indings suggested that a single brief session of gamified ABM was not sufficient in inducing changes in self-report positive attentional bias and subjective happiness. Adding positive-search attentional bias modification to negative-avoidance attentional bias modification did not significantly increase the effect of ABM training on self-report positive attentional bias and subjective happiness. The study implied that gamified ABM might not be an ideal attentional training for improving adolescents’ happiness.
Bianchi Type-VIII Inflationary Cosmological Models with Flat Potential and Stiff perfect Fluid Distribution in General Relativity
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University College of Science, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001 Rajasthan (INDIA), CHHAJED DHIRENDRA , bhakar MONIKA ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University College of Science, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001 Rajasthan (INDIA), TYAGI ATUL ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University College of Science, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001 Rajasthan (INDIA)
Published: December 2023

The objective of this paper is to investigate the behaviour of Bianchi Type-VIII Inflationary Cosmological Models with Flat Potential for Stiff Fluid Distribution. To find the solution of thes models we consider that the expansion theta is proportional to the shear sigma, which leads to B = An and potential V (phi ) as a constant. The behaviour of these models from physical and geometrical aspects are also discussed.
Study on Effectiveness of Online Peer Review in C-E Translation
Authors: Pan Licheng
Published: December 2023

The author collects data from an online peer review platform (Peerceptive), where 25 junior English majors in Wenzhou Medical university were asked to exchange peer reviews of first drafts of 2 translation assignments and then make modifications on their own translation works based on peer reviews they received. The author analyzes the acceptance rate of peer reviews of 12 students, who are divided into 3 groups, good, average and weak based on their academic performance in their previous semester. The author also compares the test performance of the 12 students at the beginning of the semester and at the end of the semester. Finally, the author hands out questionnaires to collect students’ perceptions and attitudes towards online peer review in C-E translation. Based on a comprehensive and statistic analysis of the data collected from the 2 assignments, 1 test and 1 questionnaire, the author draws a conclusion that online peer review is beneficial for English major students in C-E translation.
An Analysis of the Role of the Arab Centennial Translation Movement and Its Guiding Significance
Authors: Li Can
Published: December 2023

The Arab Centennial translation movement is a long and complex historical practice that set off a wide spread of ideas and culture in the world, promoted the rapid development of Islam and the exchange and integration between different cultures in the world, brought a new way of life to the Arabs, and at the same time promoted the development of civilization in the Islamic world.
ОТ PMR К ППР: X МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ФОРУМ PROFCOMM 2023
Authors: Попов С.А.
Published: December 2023

15 ноября в Москве состоялся X Международный форум о профессиональных сетях и системах связи ProfComm 2023, организованный Информационной группой ComNews. В его ходе можно было составить достаточно полную картину внедрения в нашей стране сетей становящейся все более востребованной технологии private LTE.
ОБ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ИНТЕГРИРОВАННОЙ МУЛЬТИСЕРВИСНОЙ ЗАЩИЩЕННОЙ СИСТЕМЕ РАДИОСВЯЗИ
Authors: Кубасов И.А. , Лекарь Л.А.
Published: December 2023

Рассмотрены преимущества интегрированных мультисервисных защищенных систем радиосвязи и предложены технологические решения по созданию таких отечественных систем радиосвязи, имеющих широкий спектр применения, включая защищенную передачу персональных данных, что в отсутствие сертифицированных средств невозможно для иностранного производителя.
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ РЕШЕНИЙ С ОБНАРУЖЕНИЕМ И ИСПРАВЛЕНИЕМ ОШИБОК В ОПТИЧЕСКИХ КАНАЛАХ OTN/DWDM
Authors: Коган С.С.
Published: December 2023

В цикле статей представлены методы мониторинга оптических каналов с использованием двух основных параметров (оптическое отношение сигнал/шум OSNR и Q-фактор) и критерии эффективности кодов с обнаружением и коррекцией ошибок (часть 1), эволюция поколений и совместимые алгоритмы коррекции ошибок FEC (Forward Error Correction), а также линейные сменные оптические модули-трансиверы (приемопередатчики) с функциональностью FEC (часть 2).
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА РАЗВИТИЯ ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Гридякина А.А. , Николаев Д.Н. , Пинчук А.В. , Соколов Н.А.
Published: December 2023

В статье анализируются различия между теоретическими концепциями и практической реализацией телекоммуникационных систем различного назначения. Формулируются правила проведения прикладных исследований, учитывающие подобные различия. Предлагаются методологические подходы к разработке комплекса технических средств, предназначенного для построения и модернизации телекоммуникационных систем различного назначения с учетом задач импортозамещения.
Matrix model parametric identification of antenna tuning units
Authors: Izvolsky A.A.
Published: December 2023

HF radiocommunication modern development trends provide for improved handling and increased speed of antenna tuning units (ATU) functioning. The need to control the tuning process using a microcontroller based on the measurement results of antenna input impedance in the “on-line” mode requires an increase in the accuracy of modeling the transformative properties of these devices and subsequent calculations for the development of control commands by discrete tuning bodies. The more reliable the data in the memory of the microcontroller will characterize the real properties of the device's tuning bodies, the better their regulation will be. Based on the results of a full-scale experiment, the issues of parametric identification of the previously proposed conceptual matrix model of discreet power circuit are considered. Due to the complexity of technological modeling of circuits transformative properties, the task is to increase the accuracy of its numerical results for each device. With the found set of solutions for the model with the selected structure and a significant number of unknown parameters, its identification by the objective function extremum is not possible. Accordingly, the analysis of a priori identifiability (theoretical, with unambiguous definition of parameters) is carried out on the basis of a qualitative study of the structure of the model and the scheme of the “ideal” experiment (with determinism of all unmistakably measured values). The identifiability of the proposed power circuit model has been confirmed. The variants of the experiment, the algorithm for processing its results, as well as ways to obtain their guaranteed quality with the help of a vector circuits analyzer for a certain time at a given cost are described. The criterion for assessing the conformity of the model to a real power circuit is a measure of the number of its errors after measuring complex coefficients on a set of frequencies. Processing the results using the least squares method with interpolation for the entire frequency band reduces the errors and complexity of the experiment. Modeling of a 9-bit matching inductive body confirmed the correctness and effectiveness of the matrix description of the transforming properties of the wide band ATU and other solutions presented, as well as the possibility of full automation of this experiment.
Design and Technological Engineering of Gear Wheel Working Surfaces in a Gas Turbine Engine
Authors: Shekhovtseva E.V. , Shekhovtseva T.V.
Published: December 2023

The design and production of gear wheels includes a number of specialized principles and disciplines aimed to practical application of scientific and practical knowledge. The proposed design method for the subsequent production of the gear configuration together with the technology of virtual life cycle modeling allows predicting its behavior in certain operating modes taking into account the capabilities of an existing production at the design stage. Ensuring the functional properties of the gearing is a complex task, which is solved at all stages of the mechanism life cycle. The solution requires a model of design and technological control of operability, covering the whole life cycle, based on the management of the gearing configuration and the way of objective assessment of the operational properties, based on ensuring the functionality and acceptability. A model of design engineering based on the analysis of the gear acceptability, particularly of the tooth working surface damage classification, based on the reliability of strength calculations, knowledge of materials and precision machining inherent in serial production, with the analysis of the serviceability by functional parameters is proposed. This model allows considering the inconsistencies as acceptable, which often appear, but are not significant. The possibility of making optimal design decisions at the design stage of developing the mechanism configuration in the conditions of using information on serial technological capabilities based on the concept of a “digital twin” when performing feedback between the technological and design directions of gear wheel creating is considered. This creates the groundwork for the development of a new organizational approach to the engineering development of the configuration of assemblies with a tight advantageous cooperation of the designer and technologist.
Surface Roughness Anisotropy and Anisotropic Friction during Plastic Deformation
Authors: Sivtsev N.S. , Tarasov V.V. , Mikhailova N.Y.
Published: December 2023

The isotropy of friction, usually assumed when considering the issues of classical mechanics of bodies and solving engineering problems, is essentially a special case of anisotropic friction, which dominates the nature of friction. This is explained by the objectively existing difference in the properties of the self-organizing medium of the frictional interaction of bodies in different directions. Among these properties are the anisotropy of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the material and its wear, the kinematics of sliding in a friction pair, and the structure of the near-surface layer. An equally important property of the medium generating anisotropic friction is the anisotropy of the roughness of the contacting surfaces. A large number of papers have been devoted to the study of anisotropic friction. They study the friction characteristics of specific materials and friction pairs, the wear resistance of surfaces, models of the dynamics of bodies on a rough surface. Most often these works are experimental in nature. In this article, the influence of roughness anisotropy on anisotropic friction in the processes of plastic deformation of metals is considered at the phenomenological level. A deterministic model of anisotropic (orthotropic) friction is proposed, which makes it possible to determine the magnitude of the friction force and the direction of movement of the deformable metal on the contact surface by the ratio to the vector of the external shear force, depending on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the roughness of the tool surface. The roughness of the contacting surfaces in the workpiece-tool friction pair is approximated by a set of ordered wedge-shaped protrusions. Contact interaction is considered as the process of deformation of the wedge-shaped protrusions of the workpiece by absolutely rigid wedge-shaped protrusions of the tool. In the process of plastic deformation, an asymptotic approximation of the roughness of the surface of the workpiece to the roughness of the surface of the tool occurs with the full filling of the hollows of the tool irregularities with a plastic wave of the metal of the workpiece.