bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Sustainability Consciousness Questionnaire: Validation Among Portuguese Population
Authors: Arantes Luzia , Sousa Bruno Barbosa
Published: January 2025

The primary objective of this study is to validate the Sustainability Consciousness Questionnaire (SCQ) for the Portuguese population, ensuring its reliability and applicability across the dimensions of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to sustainability. This validation is crucial for ensuring the SCQ captures local cultural nuances and provides reliable data to inform educational and policy strategies for promoting sustainability. To achieve this goal, a quantitative methodology was adopted, involving the translation and cultural adaptation of the SCQ into Portuguese. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 630 participants, aged 17 to 83, using an online platform. Ethical procedures were rigorously followed, including obtaining informed consent from all participants and ensuring data confidentiality. The factor structure of the SCQ was analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). The analysis confirmed a three-dimensional factor structure aligned with the environmental, social, and economic pillars of sustainability, as well as significant correlations between these dimensions and real-world sustainable practices such as recycling and energy conservation. The results confirmed the construct validity of the SCQ, demonstrating robust reliability indicators across its scales and acceptable model fit indices (CFI = 0.860; TLI = 0.851; RMSEA = 0.045). These findings highlight the questionnaire’s utility as a measurement tool for sustainable consciousness in the Portuguese context. The SCQ provides a valuable resource for educators, policymakers, and researchers. For instance, educators can use the SCQ to identify gaps in students’ sustainability knowledge, policymakers can prioritise areas for intervention based on public attitudes, and researchers can explore relationships between awareness and sustainable behaviours to design effective programs. Furthermore, this study contributes to Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education) by enabling data-driven strategies to integrate sustainability education into curricula, fostering a deeper understanding of sustainable practices and behaviours essential for achieving global education goals.
Progress and Challenges of Circular Economy in Selected EU Countries
Authors: Nowak-Marchewka Klaudia , Osmólska Emilia , Stoma Monika
Published: January 2025

Circular economy (CE) is a model that is gaining significance in the context of sustainable development and environmental protection, focusing on minimizing waste generation and maximizing the use of available resources through recycling and extending product life cycles. The implementation of CE in various European Union countries demonstrates diverse approaches to resource management, waste production, and energy efficiency improvement. These differences primarily stem from varying strategies, national policies, levels of social awareness, and technological advancements. The article identifies the key challenges and barriers associated with CE implementation in selected countries—Poland, the Netherlands, and Romania—and highlights specific areas requiring improvement and adaptation. It emphasizes the critical role of aligning national policies with the EU guidelines, promoting ecological education, and investing in innovative technologies and solutions that support sustainable development. Additionally, it points to the need for developing appropriate waste management infrastructure and encouraging businesses and consumers to change habits and engage in pro-environmental actions.
Voriconazole Pharmacokinetics Administered at 4 mg/kg IM and IV in Nursehound Sharks (Scyliorhinus stellaris) Under Human Care
Authors: Cañizares-Cooz Daniela , García-Párraga Daniel , Rubio-Langre Sonia , Encinas Teresa , Morón-Elorza Pablo
Published: January 2025

Fungal diseases, despite their low incidence in sharks and rays, are considered emerging diseases in this group of animals and can lead to high mortality rates despite treatment. The information available related to the treatment of fungal diseases in elasmobranchs is limited and is frequently based on the empirical knowledge provided by the professionals and clinicians working with these species. The use of azole antifungal drugs, especially voriconazole, has shown promise as a potential treatment option for fungal infections in elasmobranchs, with favorable outcomes in some registered cases. However, scientific knowledge regarding azole pharmacokinetics (PK) in fish remains limited, and despite the recent publication of a PK study with voriconazole in rays, there are still no published PK studies for azoles in sharks. In this study, voriconazole was administered at 4 mg/kg intravenously (IV) and intramuscularly (IM) to nursehound sharks (Scyliorhinus stellaris) (n = 6). Blood samples were collected before administration and at nine predetermined time intervals afterwards (0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4,8,12, 24, and 36 h). Plasma concentrations were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were estimated using a non-compartmental model. The mean peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) ± SEM after IM administration was 3.00 ± 0.23 µg/mL. The volume of distribution (Vd) after IV and IM administration resulted in 1.39 ± 0.09 L/kg and 1.50 ± 0.18 L/kg, respectively, showing no statistically significant differences between the two routes. Clearance (Cl) values were 0.12 ± 0.01 mL/min after IV administration and 0.29 ± 0.05 mL/min after IM administration. No adverse effects were detected during the study or four weeks after administration. These results support the administration of IV and IM voriconazole in sharks; however, additional studies on toxicity and pharmacodynamics are necessary. Moreover, further research on the susceptibility of fungal pathogens affecting elasmobranchs is needed to establish an optimal dosing regimen for IM voriconazole in the treatment of mycosis in sharks.
Epigenetic regulation of bovine embryo development: An update
Authors: Varsini  , Kancharla Sudhakar , Kolli Prachetha , Mandadapu Gowtham , Jena Manoj Kumar
Published: January 2025

Epigenetics is the study of heritable modifications in gene expression brought on by environmental influences including chemicals, stress, and diet that do not modify the DNA sequence. Traits including growth, reproduction, and disease resistance in farm animals are significantly influenced by epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA control. These mechanisms impact development rates, fat deposition, and milk production, according to studies. Long-term alterations are induced by environmental stresses including heat and malnutrition. Gaining the knowledge of epigenetic regulation can improve the efficiency and sustainability of livestock production by allowing producers to choose animals with desirable features without the modification of genes. Developing ethical and sustainable livestock management techniques that satisfy global demands while preserving the productivity and health of animals will require further research. This review article discusses about the effect of epigenetic regulation on well-being and productivity attribute of livestock.
Advances in employing omics and bioinformatics to reveal the potential of halophilic bacteria for biodegrading proteinaceous high-salt food waste
Authors: Lim Ivan Kai Jie , Chong Chun Shiong , Chong Esther Zhe Hui , Lam Ming Quan , Ee Kah Yaw
Published: January 2025

The waste biomass generated by the food processing industry poses significant concerns for environmental health. This mini review sheds light on the emerging challenge of proteinaceous high-salt food waste (PHFW) due to its high salinity. It aims to explore the potential of halophilic bacteria and their robust enzymes in addressing PHFW through advance approaches, including omics and bioinformatics. The integration of multi-omics and bioinformatics approaches could reveal the uncharted potential within the genomes of these halophilic bacteria, particularly their proteolytic capabilities. Furthermore, employing salt-tolerant proteases offers promising biotechnological applications for valorizing PHFW into valuable resources, such as bioactive peptides. The integration of advanced technologies not only elucidates the versatility of the halophilic proteases but also facilitates the development of functional food products from the subsequent hydrolyzed peptides. Though, transitioning these findings from laboratory settings to large-scale industrial applications presents various formidable challenges. In essence, the advancement in unlocking the potential of halophilic bacteria for biodegrading PHFW is emphasized as a potential bioeconomic solution.
Bioinformatic analysis of TFR2, HJV, and HFE nonsense mutations in hereditary hemochromatosis: Insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic mellitus and heart failure
Authors: Mohammed Zahraa Yassen , Khudhair Safa Abbas , Rafaa Tamadher Abbas , Suleiman Ahmed AbdulJabbar
Published: January 2025

Sequence variations in TFR2, HJV, and HFE proteins are causative contributors to a wide range of disorders of iron metabolism, which could result in hereditary hemochromatosis, leading to heart failure and diabetes. Known nonsense variants were retrieved from ClinVar, identifying common variants in diabetes mellitus and heart failure, followed by protein-protein interaction analysis through STRING and Cytoscape for hub genes identification, and then structural modeling through AlphaFold and mutation incorporation through DESMOND Maestro to assess their potential impact on protein function. These mutations have not been previously bioinformatically examined, and thus this research presents the foundational studies for further investigations. The modeling and comparative superimposition analysis of wild and mutant proteins showed that nonsense mutations in TFR2 result in truncated proteins that disrupt crucial domains for iron uptake and transport. Similarly, HJV nonsense mutants, including R63* and C321*, truncate the protein and prevent hepcidin regulation. Nonsense mutations in HFE disrupt conserved regions within MHC class I-like antigen recognition and immunoglobulin C1-set domains, potentially leading to abnormal iron buildup. These findings enhance our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of genes with these mutations and highlight the importance of genotyping for predicting the severity of iron overload disorders, aiding effective clinical interventions. HFE mutations primarily affect the MHC class I-like antigen recognition domain, while HJV mutations disrupt hepcidin expression and BMP signaling, contributing to juvenile hemochromatosis. Additionally, previously unreported truncating mutations, such as Q12* and R105*, significantly impair function, exacerbating iron overload and disease progression.
Acidified water extraction increases carpaine yield from Carica papaya L. Leaf
Authors: Tak Sim Tze , Zamakshshari Nor Hisam , Mohamad Bukhori Mohamad Fhaizal , Madiahlagan Eswaran , Wahi Rafeah , Anchah Lawrence
Published: January 2025

Carica papaya leaves have been traditionally used in various medicinal applications. The major alkaloid, carpaine, is widely studied for its anti-thrombocytopenic activity. However, extraction of carpaine from Carica papaya leaves remains challenging, and the existing methods may not yield high amount of carpaine due to the presence of various interfering compounds. High carpaine yields are essential for studying on its anti-thrombocytopenic and immunomodulatory effects, assessing its efficacy and safety as a potential malaria drug candidate. This study aims to extract and isolate carpaine from Carica papaya leaves using alcohol extraction method and acidified water extraction method performed on dried powdered leaves and compare their percentage yield of carpaine. The percentage yield of carpaine isolated from acidified water extraction was 12.01%, while the yield for alcohol extraction was 2.18%. Acidic condition enhances carpaine's water solubility through protonation, converting carpaine in its free base form to salt form which improves extraction efficiency. Heat and stirring further optimize the acidified water extraction process. Characterization of isolated carpaine was performed with various analytical techniques to confirm the structure of carpaine isolated.
PENTINGNYA NILAI-NILAI MORAL DALAM PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN DI ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Ismawan Firda Aprlia
Published: January 2025

Artikel ini mebahas tentang krisis moral yang menjadi masalah dalam era globalisasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi pustaka, dimana penulis menelaah beberapa sumber pustaka sebagai referensi. Artikel ini berisi pengertian moral, era globalisasi, pendidikan kewarganegaraan. Moral adalah sikap benar atau salah, serta baik atau buruknya karakter seseorang, Sesorang dikatakan bermoral jika ia berperilaku baik, dan jika ia melakukan hal negatif maka ia tidak mempunyai nilai moral pada dirinya. Pada Era Globalisasi saat ini dimana zaman semakin berkembang serta teknologi yang canggih yang memudahkan semua orang dapat mengakses segala hal. Selain itu Era Globalisasi adalah dimana banyak sekali perubahan dan perkembangan yang mangkin meluas, pada Era Globalisasi ini banyak mengalami kurangnya akan kesadaran diri sehingga Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan sangat penting. Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan adalah pendidikan yang membentuk karakter siswa menjadi lebih baik, serta Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan ini juga membekali generasi muda dengan ilmu pengetahuan, pemahaman dan keterampilan untuk memahami dan mendalami nilai-nilai kebangsaan serta tantangan pada era globalisasi.
Pentingnya Mempelajari Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Untuk Menjunjung Nilai-nilai Kebangsaan
Authors: Lestari D. Siti
Published: January 2025

Pendidikan kewarganegaraan ialah suatu pendidikan yang sangat penting tentunya bagi kita generasi muda. Yang dimana pendidikan ini sangatlah bermanfaat bagi kita yang dimana salah satuya adalah penanaman nilai moral, karena nilai moral ini yaitu mempelajari tentang bagaimana manusia menjalankan suatu aktivitasnya atau suatu nilai yang dimana nilai ini berkaitan dengan perbuatan seseorang antara baik dan buruknya yang menjadi suatu dasar kehidupan manusia dan masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam penulisan artikel ini yaitu menggunakan metode studi litelatur. Yang dimana penulis mengkaji informasi-informasi yang didapatkan dari berbagai sumber. Literatur yang dipilih berdasarkan pada pembahasan pentingnya mempelajari pendidikan kewarganegaraan untuk menjunjung nilai dan Penelitian ini berfokus pada pentingnya pendidikan kewarganegaraan sebagai sarana untuk menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai kebangsaan. Dalam sebuah negara, kebangsaan memiliki peran yang vital dalam membentuk identitas, kesatuan, dan kebersamaan warga negara. Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan merupakan salah satu konsep pendidikan yang berfungsi untuk membentuk generasi muda sebgai warga negara yang mempunyai karakter. Keterkaitan pendidikan kewarganegaraan terhadap pengembangan karakter memiliki keterkaitan yang tidak bisa dilepaskan dari aspek pembentukan karakter dan moralitas warga negara (Izma & Kesuma, 2019). Tujuan pendidikan kewarganegaraan adalah membekali generasi muda dengan pengetahuan, pemahaman dan keterampilan untuk memahami dan menghayati nilai-nilai kebangsaan serta menjawab tuntutan dan tantangan globalisasi dan perubahan sosial. Dalam lingkungan pendidikan, pendidikan politik menjadi dasar pembentukan jiwa kebangsaan yang kuat dan positif.
MINERALES EN SEMILLAS DE CACHICHÍN (Oecopetalum mexicanum) SOMETIDAS A DIFERENTES TRATAMIENTOS TÉRMICOS
Authors: Hernández-Mora Alejandro Esli , Trejo-Téllez Libia Iris , Herrera-Corredor José Andrés , Gómez-Merino Fernando Carlos
Published: January 2025

El cachichín (Oecopetalum mexicanum Greenm. & C.H. Thomps.) es un árbol silvestre nativo de la Sierra de Misantla, Veracruz, México, que produce un fruto con semilla comestible, a la que se le atribuyen importantes propiedades nutricionales y nutracéuticas gracias a su contenido de componentes proteicos, antioxidantes e hipoglucémicos. Para su consumo, de forma tradicional la semilla es sometida a diferentes tratamientos térmicos que pueden afectar su composición nutrimental. A la fecha, no se cuenta con un estudio detallado de la concentración de minerales en la semilla de cachichín, ni de la forma en que tal concentración es afectada por los tratamientos térmicos a los que la semilla es sometida. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las concentraciones de los minerales N, P, K, Ca, Mg y S (macronutrimentos), así como las de Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, B y Ni (micronutrimentos) en frutos con semillas crudas (T1), cocidas a 100 °C por 15 min (T2, cocidas por hervor), con tostado tradicional (T3, 180 °C por 20 min) y con tostado controlado (T4, 134 °C por 25 min). Las concentraciones de Ca, Zn, B y Ni no fueron afectadas por los tratamientos probados. Para N se observaron diferencias significativas entre el tratamiento tostado tradicional (2497 mg 100 g-1 en peso seco) y el hervido (T2) (2030 mg 100 g-1 p.s.). El tostado tradicional (T3) incrementó significativamente las concentraciones de P (181 mg 100 g-1 p.s.), Mg (139 mg 100 g-1 p.s.), Cu (1.015 mg 100 g-1 p.s.) y Mn (0.796 mg 100 g-1 p.s.) respecto a los demás tratamientos, y también aumentaron las concentraciones de K (429 mg 100 g-1 p.s.) y S (116 mg 100 g-1 p.s.) en comparación con los demás tratamientos, excepto respecto a semillas crudas (T1). La menor concentración de N se observó en semillas cocidas (T2). Se concluye que el tostado tradicional (T3) puede mejorar la concentración de algunos minerales que contribuyen a un mejor valor nutrimental de las semillas de cachichín.
‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ (16SrI) Y Dalbulus maidis ASOCIADOS CON SÍNTOMAS DE HOJA BLANCA EN MAÍZ
Authors: Reveles-Torres Luis Roberto , Salas-Muñoz Silvia , Salas-Luévano Miguel Ángel , Salazar-Badillo Fátima Berenice
Published: January 2025

El maíz (Zea mays L.) se ha constituido como el cultivo de mayor importancia económica a nivel mundial; esté cereal perteneciente a la familia Poaceae, es originario de México y utilizado tanto para consumo humano como ganadero. En México, su importancia va mucho mas allá de lo económico, su influencia a nivel social y cultural se ha visto plasmada en los vestigios de civilizaciones antiguas como la establecida por los mayas, para quienes el maíz tenía un significado religioso; sin embargo, algunos factores bióticos como bacterias, virus, hongos y fitoplasmas pueden limitar la producción de las diversas variedades de maíz cultivadas en territorio mexicano. Durante el ciclo de cultivo 2021, se colectaron plantas de maíz presentes en parcelas comerciales en el municipio de Valparaiso, Zacatecas, México las cuales presentaban una sintomatología relacionada con la presencia de fitoplasmas (enanismo, cambios de color en hojas de verde a blanco, declive general y muerte); además, se muestrearon plantas de maiz asintomáticas como testigos e insectos de la especie Dalbulus maidis. Las muestras se analizaron mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) anidada utilizando la combinación de oligonucleótidos universales P1/Tint, seguida por el par de oligonucleótidos R16F2n/R16R2 con lo que se logró obtener secuencias del gen 16S rDNA de fitoplasmas. Los análisis filogenético y RFLP virtual de las secuencias de 16S rDNA obtenidas a partir de las muestras analizadas mostraron una identidad de secuencia del 100% entre sí y una identidad de secuencia del 99.7 % con el gen homólogo de Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris (accesión del GenBank M30790). La incidencia de esta nueva enfermedad fue del 15 % en los cultivos muestreados. Estos resultados relacionan a Dalbulus maidis y a Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris como pobible vector y agente causal de una nueva sintomatología en maiz.
HUATSON OL, NUEVA VARIEDAD DE CÁRTAMO DEL TIPO OLEICO
Authors: Ochoa-Espinoza Xochilt M. , Aguilera-Molina Néstor A. , Montoya-Coronado Lope , García-Bolívar Elco H. , Cota-Barreras Carlos I. , Ávila-Casillas Eva , Borbón-Gracia Alberto , Marroquín-Morales José A.
Published: January 2025

El cártamo (Carthamus tinctorius L.) es una especie utilizada para la producción de aceite. Durante el año 2022, México ocupó el cuarto lugar de producción de grano de cártamo a nivel mundial. En los estados de Sonora y Sinaloa se sembraron 17,754 y 11,471 hectáreas y se obtuvo una producción de 41,894 y 14,392 toneladas, respectivamente. Sonora es el principal productor a nivel nacional y la mayor parte del área del cultivo se concentra en los Valles del Mayo y del Yaqui, con 10,894 y 5295 hectáreas y una producción de 25,000 y 12,679.4 toneladas, respectivamente (SIAP, 2024).
GUILLERMINA, VARIEDAD DE NOCHEBUENA PARA EMBELLECER ESPACIOS DE INTERIOR
Authors: Canul-Ku Jaime , García-Pérez Faustino , Barrios-Gómez Edwin Javier , Rangel-Estrada Sandra Eloísa
Published: January 2025

Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch, conocida como nochebuena, es el símbolo mundial de la navidad. En México se obtiene una producción promedio nacional de alrededor de 25 millones de plantas cada año (Oropeza, 2024; Com. Pers.)1, que se manejan en contenedores de diferentes tamaños, la mayor proporción en macetas de 15.2 a 20.3 cm (6 a 8 pulgadas). Esta misma cantidad de material vegetal se requiere para la producción comercial de planta para su venta al consumidor. El cultivo utiliza material vegetativo de más de 60 variedades de procedencia extranjera, en algunos casos con poca pigmentación de brácteas, principal estructura comercial, o tardía, fuera del periodo de venta de la planta, por lo que no se comercializa, lo que ocasiona fuertes pérdidas económicas. Esta situación representa una ventana de oportunidad para satisfacer parte de la demanda de material de propagación con variedades generadas en el país. México es el centro de origen de la nochebuena, por consiguiente, posee amplia diversidad fenotípica y genética distribuida en todo el territorio nacional, la cual se ha aprovechado en el Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) a través de un Programa de Mejoramiento Genético sistematizado, aportando como resultados el incremento de la variabilidad genética (Canul-Ku et al., 2017), la generación de materiales recombinantes promisorios (Canul-Ku et al., 2018) y de genotipos registrados ante el Servicio Nacional de Inspección y Certificación de Semillas (SNICS), como el caso de la variedad Guillermina (Canul et al., 2023).
Socialdemocracia y concertación. La Fundación Friedrich Ebert en el debate sobre la transición a la democracia en Chile
Authors: Garategaray Martina
Published: January 2025

This article examines Chile’s transition to democracy from an ideological and discursive perspective, focusing on the circulation of the concept of concertation among local politicians and intellectuals. It also highlights the notable but underexplored role of an international actor—the Friedrich Ebert Foundation (FES) of the German Social Democratic Party. From an intellectual and global history standpoint, the article first reconstructs the FES’s activities in Chile and then analyses the application of the concertation concept, initially formulated in Europe during the interwar period in dictatorial Chile in the 1980s. Throughout this process, the concept underwent various shifts and re-significations, which are particularly interesting for how they shaped the debate on democracy.
El Antropoceno como régimen de historicidad: Desafíos ontológicos y epistemológicos para la historiografía
Authors: Vera Castañeda Julio Ricardo
Published: January 2025

This paper analyzes the Anthropocene as a new regime of historicity, as recently suggested by François Hartog. It evaluates the contributions and limitations of this interpretative framework for historical time, its connection to conceptual history, and the intellectual influences Hartog draws upon. The paper proposes that the material experience of the breakdown of time and space challenges understanding the Anthropocene as purely anthropocentric. Thus, the temporality of the Anthropocene presents ontological and epistemological challenges relevant to historiography, particularly in the reconceptualization of categories such as "world" and "nature."
«La Europa no puede civilizarse»: colonialismo y desespañolización en Francisco Bilbao
Authors: Sanhueza Marcelo
Published: January 2025

The article examines Francisco Bilbao’s essay "El Evangelio Americano" (1864) with respect to Bilbao’s criticism of European colonialist actions, as well as his displacement of the Old World as a unique paradigm of civilization and modernity. Within this framework, the author contends that Bilbao both portrays and rejects colonialism in the binary historical-cultural sense, since Bilbao alludes to the Hispanic past and to the South American present in the throes of European colonial interventions. Faced with this, Bilbao argues that in America an emancipation is developing that is not only political, but also cultural and intellectual, which is capable of freeing from oppression the disinherited, such as Native Americans, whom in his essay Bilbao transforms into agents of rebellion against history.
A review on Murraya koenigii (Curry leaves): Versatile multipotential medicinal plant
Authors: Kumari Anupama , kasaudhan Pallavi , Archana Archana
Published: January 2025

“Medicine is food and food is
medicine” is the best way to describe on how the
ailments were cured by using the plants during the
ancient period of time. Murraya koenigii (curry
leaves) the “Magical plant of Indian Spice” is not
only an inevitable part of spicing up dishes but also
are rich in medicinal, neutraceutical properties and
even cosmetic uses. It is found to be native to
South Asia particularly India, Sri Lanka and
Bangladesh. In India it is found almost everywhere
in the Indian subcontinent excluding the higher
levels of Himalayas. Curry leaves is found to be
effective as antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic,
hepatoprotective, anti-hypercholesterolemic,
antihypertensive, febrifuge and blood purifier,
cytotoxic and also in the treatment of bronchial
respiratory difficulties. The leaves are also been
used externally to treat burns, bruises and skin
eruption. It is also been used in preventing
premature graying of hair. The whole plant is
considered to be a tonic and stomachic. Apart from
these medicinal properties the curry leaves are also
been used from centuries as a species as natural
flavouring agent. The extracted oil from the leaves
is used in soap industry. The most important
scientific studies on Murraya koenigii biological
activity that are currently available are summarized
in this article.
Managing Thrombotic Risk in Covid-19: A Comprehensive Review of Anticoagulant Therapies
Authors: Chopade Tejas R , Magare Pawan R , Jadhav Kalpesh S
Published: January 2025

A higher risk of thrombotic events is closely linked
to the aetiology of Coronavirus Disease-19
(COVID-19). Individuals admitted to the intensive
care unit (ICU) due to respiratory failure linked
with COVID-19 exhibit hypercoagulability, which
is not discernible with conventional coagulation
tests. Among the noteworthy findings are
abnormally stiff clots, decreased fibrinolysis, and
increased fibrinogen concentrations. It is necessary
to do more research to clarify the
pathophysiological basis of this hypercoagulable
environment and assess the risk-benefit ratio of
various anticoagulant dosages. This discussion also
includes information about regional differences in
COVID-19 incidence and anticoagulant usage in
the treatment of the illness.
Recent Advancement in Transdermal Drug Delivery System
Authors: Manthal Aishwarya , Ghodgaonkar Dr. Sunayana , Nalawade Akash S , B.Masal Shivani
Published: January 2025

The transdermal route offers several advantages
over traditional drug delivery methods. These
include high bioavailability, avoidance of first-pass
liver metabolism, consistent drug levels in the
bloodstream, and a non-invasive approach to
treatment. Furthermore, transdermal drug delivery
systems (TDDS) offer prolonged therapeutic
effects, fewer side effects, enhanced bioavailability,
improved patient adherence, and easy
discontinuation of therapy. TDDS is used not only
in pharmaceuticals but also in skincare and
cosmetics. Research has shown that the transdermal
route causes minimal skin irritation and performs
better in various in vivo tests compared to oral
administration. This review article provides an indepth analysis of TDDS, emphasizing its benefits
over conventional dosage forms, discussing
limitations, examining transdermal patch
components, exploring various patch types,
outlining preparation methods, and identifying
ideal TDDS requirements. Additionally, it
addresses regulatory factors, physicochemical
evaluation methods, therapeutic applications, and
recent progress in transdermal drug delivery
systems.
Business Continuity Management Factors, Eco-Efficiency and Financial Sustainability of Sugar Manufacturers in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Joshua Akinsanya Tunde , Adewale Adejuwon Joshua
Published: January 2025

In an increasingly volatile and uncertain business
environment, ensuring financial sustainability is
crucial for organizations, particularly in sectors
such as sugar manufacturing, which face challenges
such as price volatility, government regulations,
and socio-economic factors. This study investigates
the impact of business continuity management
(BCM) factors on the financial sustainability of
sugar manufacturers in Lagos State, Nigeria,
focusing on BUA Sugar Refinery Ltd, Dangote
Sugar Refinery PLC, and Flour Mills of Nigeria
Plc. The study examines how strategic planning,
agile responses, and leadership influence
organizational resilience and long-term
performance. The research adopted a crosssectional survey research design, targeting 919
employees from the selected companies, with a
final sample of 326 participants determined using
Raosoft's sample size calculator. Data were
collected through a structured questionnaire
validated for reliability and construct validity.
Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to
test the hypotheses. The findings reveal that BCM
factors significantly and positively affect financial
sustainability (R
2
= 0.452, F(1,277)= 228.570, p=
0.000). Eco-efficiency also had a positive and
significant moderating effect on the relationship
between BCM factors and sustainability of sugar
manufacturers in Lagos State, Nigeria (ΔR2
= 0.010,
ΔF = 7.230, P= 0.008).In conclusion, the study
demonstrates that while BCM factors play a crucial
role in enhancing the financial sustainability of
sugar manufacturers, the moderating effect of ecoefficiency is significant. The study recommends
that sugar manufacturers strengthen their BCM
practices, particularly in strategic planning and
leadership, to improve resilience. Additionally,
while eco-efficiency contributes to sustainability,
its role as a moderator should be considered within
the broader context of organizational strategies.
This study contributes to the theoretical
understanding of BCM practices and eco-efficiency
in the context of the Nigerian sugar manufacturing
industry, providing valuable insights for businesses
aiming to improve their resilience and long-term
viability
Health and Safety Behaviour of Construction Masons in Lagos State
Authors: Fayose Mr Gbenga , Patricia Dr Kukoyi , Olaniyan Odunayo Rofiat , Gopep Dr. Nenrot Sandra , Jim Arc. Dang Dahmawur , Olaboye Oluwaseun Samson
Published: January 2025

Purpose- The research project is an assessment of
the health and safety behavior of construction
masons in Lagos state. Health and safety is a safety
risk mitigating mechanism that must be
implemented to ensure a hazard-free construction
work experience and increase productivity in the
construction industry. The construction masons
play an important and arguably the largest role in
the construction industry which makes them more
accident-prone than the other workforce in the
industry. This necessitates that the poor health and
safety behavior of construction masons be studied.
This study aims to ascertain the behavioral patterns
of construction masons towards health and safety
so that there would be an awareness of the essence
of health and safety practices on the construction
site.
Research Methodology-With regards to this, 113
construction professionals who work along with the
masons in Lagos state were selected and issued
well- structured questionnaires to get responses on
the health and safety behavior of construction
masons in Lagos state along with focus-groupbased interviews of construction masons. The
derived data was analyzed through the use of
descriptive and analytical scientific methods
(frequencies, mean, and percentages).
Findings- The research study revealed that many
of the construction professionals coupled with the
construction workers (masons) are aware of the
necessity of the implementation of the health and
safety concepts in the construction industry. Also,
many of the respondents agreed that dust and fumes
from cement and falling objects are the commonest
hazards faced by construction masons. In addition
to that, it was observed that lack of adoption of
safety measures by construction organizations,
ignorance about the importance of safety, and
overconfidence on the part of the workers are the
major factors contributing to poor safety behaviors
among workers.
Limitation- Some important limitations
encountered in the course of this research are
averseness of organizations to disclose relevant
safety information and lack of adequate records of
safety issues in Nigeria.
Recommendation- In line with this, the research
recommends that there should be adequate delivery
of safety equipment to construction sites, adequate
safety supervision, adequate site safety meetings,
and functional health and safety laws in the state.
Social Implications/Value- This research has been
able to contribute to the body of knowledge by
evaluating the level of safety awareness of
construction professionals, identifying the common
hazards among construction professionals,
unearthing the factors discouraging good safety
behavior among masons, and identifying the factors
that can promote a good safety behavior among
masons to develop a more effective construction
industry.
Criminal Responsibility for Notaries Who Forge Authentic Deeds
Authors: Edi Suhaedi Edi Suhaedi , Sodikin Sodikin
Published: January 2025

Notaries in carrying out their duties
are very vulnerable and have the risk of being
involved in legal problems such as criminal acts.
Crimes can be committed due to negligence or
intention in carrying out their professional duties
and authorities. A common crime committed by a
notary is a falsification of authentic documents or
deeds so that a notary is held accountable for his
crimes. The problem is how the court's decision on
a notary's crime as a form of accountability. The
research method is by analyzing cases of criminal
acts of falsification of authentic documents or
deeds both according to law and court decisions.
The study results explain the application of
criminal sanctions according to the Decision of the
North Jakarta District Court No. 1362 / Pid.B /
2019 / PnJkt.Utr to the Defendant Raden Uke Umar
Rachmat is by Article 264 paragraph (1) of the
Criminal Code, but the elements and actions carried
out by the Defendant also meet Article 264
paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code, so that the
Decision of the North Jakarta District Court No.
1362/Pid.B/2019/PnJkt.Utr contains deficiencies
and errors because it does not add Article 264
paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code.
CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL FOR THE SOUTHERN THAILAND PEACE NEGOTIATION PROCESS: REDUCTION OF VIOLENCE AND CESSATION OF HOSTILITIES
Authors: Fahim Adib , Naqirah Nurul , Salleh Zaini
Published: January 2025

The armed conflict in Southern Thailand is the longest conflict in world history because it has been happening since the 18th century. This conflict began with the Siamese attack and conquest of the Patani sultanate in 1786 and since then the southern Thai region has always been in turmoil until to today. The conflict that occurred also affected neighboring countries, especially Malaysia. The Thai government and the separatist agreed to appoint Malaysia as a facilitator for the peace negotiation process signed in 2013 and since then, Malaysia has played a very important role in reconciling the two sides. It is a research problem that has been identified involving the question of the extent to which the importance of achieving the reduction of violence and the cessation of hostilities needs to be given attention and implementation first in determining the smoothness of the peace process and then involving public consultation and political solutions. Among the objectives of this study is to identify the main factors that contribute to the tension and conflict in southern Thailand, analyze the effectiveness of peace negotiations that have been carried out before, identify the factors that influence their success or failure, analyze the importance of implementing the reduction of violence and the cessation of hostilities for the continuation of public consultations and political solutions as well as proposing strategies and recommendations to increase the effectiveness of peace negotiations and overcome the challenges faced. This study will use qualitative research methods by analyzing primary and secondary data. The reduction of violence and the cessation of hostilities is very important for this peace negotiation process as it is the determinant for a political solution and public consultation,
THE EMPOWERMENT OF CIVIL PREPAREDNESS IN MALAYSIA TOTAL DEFENCE (HANRUH) POLICY: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Mohd Sarkam Mohd Kamarul Amree , Mohd Zainol Noor Azmi , Zainol Abidin Zahimi , Rahman M. Zaidi A.
Published: January 2025

Total Defence or known as Pertahanan Menyeluruh (HANRUH) is one of the core principles of Malaysia's National Defence White Paper (DWP) in pursuit of acquiring national resilience and comprehensive defence capacity. However, due to lack of awareness and enforcement, has garnered less attention among Malaysian citizen as the fundamental basis outline in the principle that includes the civil preparedness approach is vital to deter unexpected war threats as well as to maintain sustainable peace and security in every aspect of national concern. Some of the challenges encountered is the fragility of social cohesiveness and lack of patriotism spirit among few Malaysians. The research data was gathered using qualitative methods that included bibliography and analysis of knowledge sources such as books, journal articles, theses, scientific publications, and interviews with selected informants. The study's findings revealed that civil preparedness was properly designed under the HANRUH policy. As a result, the two challenges mentioned before have a negative impact on efforts to empower citizen participation in national defence. Thus, some of the enforcement made by The Malaysian Government through several policies can provide vital solutions especially on unity and culture among Malaysian citizen.
CROSS BORDER DYNAMICS: ASSESSING THE NON-TRADITIONAL SECURITY CHALLENGES IN THE MALAYSIA-BRUNEI DARUSSALAM LAND BORDER
Authors: Aminuddin Azem , Zainol Abidin Zahimi , Salleh Daud Mohammed , Mohd Zainol Noor Azmi
Published: January 2025

Brunei Darussalam and Malaysia share a land border that extends across 500km and managing its security dynamics is beset with challenges that require extensive policing, enforcement and management in order to effectively control and deter illegal elements. Arguably the bulk of these security concerns are of the non-traditional nature such as illegal entry, smuggling and trafficking of contrabands, drugs and persons, illegal logging and the opening up of rat lanes and the failure to efficiently mitigate them has been criticized on the basis of lack of enforcement, lack of integrity and corruption. The consequences of these criminal elements can be economic, socio-cultural as well as political, and both countries must effectively collaborate in managing these security concerns. Hence, the article will look into analyzing both the factors and roots of the challenges in the land borders for Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam and the gaps in the existing collaboration between the two countries. Primarily, this research will be carried out to address the discrepancy in the body of knowledge on this specific issue. Due the nature of factors found in the initial research, a qualitative method made up of a key stakeholder interview and literature analysis will be conducted. This study is expected reveal the main issues behind the drawbacks associated with boundary law enforcement and the shortcomings of the inter-government collaboration in protecting the land border.
Distance Learning as a Means of Innovative Teaching for University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sufa Beata , Bocharova Olena , Popławska Agata
Published: January 2025

Research objectives and problems: The aim of the study was to investigate students’ opinions on distance education. The following research questions were posed: 1: How effective was the communication between lecturers and students?  2: What problems did students encounter during remote education? 3: What were the advantages of remote education in the opinion of students? 4: How did students assess the overall quality of remote education?
Research methods: The study employed a questionnaire developed by the researchers to gather the views of students about distance education. The questionnaire was informed by a literature review examining student attitudes toward remote learning. Based on the research questions, the questionnaire items were revised and compiled into a comprehensive item pool.
A brief description of the context of the presented issue: Distance education requires a reorganization of the teaching and learning process, particularly concerning the roles of both teachers and students. The purpose of this article is to contribute to pedagogical knowledge by discussing innovative approaches adopted at the Pedagogy Department of the National Education Commission University in Krakow during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Research findings and their influence on the development of pedagogical science: The widespread adoption of distance learning was initially fueled by the urgent need for adaptation measures during the pandemic. However, the demand for new teaching models is also a response to rapid societal shifts, increasing digitalization, and evolving student expectations. The integration of modern educational methods at the university level is becoming not only a necessity, but also a challenge that requires updating curricula to meet current needs and technological advancements.
Conclusions and/or recommendations: The findings indicate that students are receptive to modern forms of education, in which digital competences play an important role. This study, conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, is not exhaustive; it merely serves as a starting point for further reflection and analysis. It would be interesting to carry out a similar follow-up study to compare student opinions from different time periods.
Business model development for hospital pharmacy services case study: Edelweiss Hospital
Authors: Utomo Ahmad Meiyanto Wahyu , Ghina Astri
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Innovation in healthcare services is an important strategy in providing a competitive advantage to healthcare facilities in Indonesia. Pharmacy services hold significant value within the overall hospital services and are the most complex services in the hospital. The objective of this research is to identify the gap between the profile of pharmacy service users and the pharmacy services provided, to discover the value proposition of pharmacy services, and to develop a business model for pharmacy services.
Method: The research methodology used is qualitative with a case study strategy and an abductive development approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 6 (six) patients with outpatient insurance coverage and 6 (six) pharmacy staff.
Results: The results of data collection involved data reduction and data analysis, which generated ideas that were used as value propositions in the business model canvas development component, to be proposed as the final part of the research objectives. The business model canvas was tested for desirability, feasibility, and viability with 5 (five) patients and 5 (five) pharmacists.The research results indicate that there are 2 (two) main gaps, including long waiting times in pharmacy services and a lack of information about queue status in pharmacy services. At least 4 (four) value propositions for pharmacy services have been developed, including improvements in service speed, transparency of service information with a notification system, stock certainty, and a better patient experience with a fast and clear service approach.
Recommendation: The research is expected to provide practical recommendations for hospital management and can be conducted more effectively by using a formulated prototype so that the ideation results can be tested directly.
Analysis of power organization and political theory: The dynamics of complexity in the era of digital transformation
Authors: Asyha Agus Faisal , Astuti Yeni , Subandi Subandi , Syarifudin Encep , Makbuloh Deden
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the interconnection between organizational theory, power, and politics in the context of digital transformation, with a focus on identifying new patterns in organizational power dynamics and their implications for management effectiveness.
Research Methodology: The research methodology adopts a qualitative meta-analysis of 150 academic articles from reputable journals (2000-2024) using Scopus, Web of Science, and JSTOR databases. The analysis uses ATLAS.ti software for thematic coding and content analysis, with validation through expert panel reviews from 12 senior academics in the field of organizational theory.
Results: The research identifies five transformative patterns in organizational power: the digitization of authority, the hybridization of power structures, the emergence of virtual politics, the reconfiguration of the influence base, and the evolution of control mechanisms. The developed analytical framework integrates digital, structural, and relational dimensions in the analysis of organizational power.
Limitations: Major limitations include a focus on the formal organization of the technology and financial sectors, as well as the dominance of literature from advanced economies. The research does not include a direct empirical analysis of power dynamics in purely virtual organizations
Contributions: The study contributes to the development of contemporary organizational theory through the integration of digital perspectives in power analysis, as well as providing a practical framework for organizational political management in the digital era.