bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Letramentos digitais e uma sequência didática para o ensino de espanhol
Authors: Almeida Elizabeth Guzzo de , Lima Renata de Souza
Published: May 2015

RESUMO: As Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TIC) estão cada vez mais presentes no cotidiano das pessoas. Assim, faz-se necessário não apenas dominá-las tecnicamente, mas principalmente usá-las de maneira consciente e crítica. A escola precisa ser a agência responsável pelo ensino não só das habilidades técnicas para o uso dessas tecnologias, mas, sobretudo, por estimular a capacidade crítica de seu uso. Muitos dos professores de espanhol atuantes na Educação Básica têm dificuldades para elaborar materiais didáticos que envolvam as TIC e, dessa forma, acabam não promovendo práticas de leitura e escrita em ambientes digitais com seus alunos. Buscando mostrar que é possível contribuir para mudanças nesse quadro o objetivo deste artigo, é, pois, apresentar o percurso de elaboração de uma sequência didática criada para fomentar os letramentos digitais de alunos do Ensino Fundamental II nas aulas de espanhol. A metodologia utilizada para desenvolver o material didático apresentado é uma adaptação da Sequência Didática proposta por Dolz, Noverraz, Schneuwly (2004). O resultado foi a elaboração de um material didático mediado pelas tecnologias digitais para o desenvolvimento da produção escrita colaborativa em língua espanhola e a reflexão crítica sobre o uso das TIC nesse processo.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: letramentos digitais; língua espanhola; sequência didática. ABSTRACT: The information and communication technologies (ICT) have become, in a very short time, a constant element in people’s daily lives. That is why it is necessary not only to master them technically speaking, but mainly use them in a conscious and critical way. School needs to be the agency responsible for teaching technical abilities of ICT and for stimulating their critical use. Most teachers of Spanish as a foreign language who work with basic Education face difficulties to design materials which include ICT and thus fail to contribute to change this scenario. The purpose of this article is to present the routes chosen to design a didactic sequence that stimulate digital literacies of students at basic levels in Spanish Language. The methodology used to develop the material is an adaptation of the model proposed by Dolz, Noverraz and Schneuwly (2004). The result is the design of a didactic material mediated by digital technologies focused on the development of collaborative writing of Spanish language and a critical reflection on the use of these tools throughout the process.KEYWORDS: Digital literacies; Spanish Language teaching; didactic sequence.
Molecular organization of the microsomal oxidative system: a new connotation for an old term
Authors: Davydov D.R.
Published: May 2015

The central role that cytochromes P450 play in the metabolism of drugs and other xenobiotics makes these enzymes a major subject for studies of drug disposition, adverse drug effects and drug-drug interactions. Although there has been tremendous success in delineating P450 mechanisms, the concept of the drug-metabolizing ensemble as a functionally integrated system remains undeveloped. However, eukaryotic cells typically possess a multitude of different P450 enzymes that are co-localized in the membrane of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and interact with each other with the formation of dynamic heteromeric complexes (mixed oligomers). Appreciation of the importance of developing an integral, systems approach to the ensemble of cytochromes P450 as an integral system inspired growing interest of researchers to the molecular organization of microsomal monooxygenase, which remained in the focus of research of academician Archakov for over 40 years. Fundamental studies carried out under his guidance have an important impact on our current concepts in this area. Further exploration of the molecular organization of the system of microsomal monooxygenase as an integral multienzyme and multifunctional system will have an essential impact on our understanding of the key factors that determine the changes in human drug metabolism and other P450-related functions in development, aging, and disease, as well as under influence of drugs, food ingredients, and environmental contaminants.
The possibility of using PlasmaDeepDive™ MRM panel in clinical diagnostics
Authors: Miroshnichenko Iu.V. , Petushkova N.A. , Moskaleva N.E. , Teryaeva N.B. , Zgoda V.G. , Ilgisonis E.V. , Belyaev A.Yu.
Published: May 2015

Concentrations of 46 proteins have been determined in human blood plasma using PlasmaDeepDive™ MRM Panel ("Biognosys AG", Switzerland). 18 of them were included into the group of proteins with higher concentrations, also identified by the shotgun proteomic analysis. Based on literature data it is concluded that the PlasmaDeepDive™ MRM Panel is applicable for studies of human plasma samples for potential biomarkers of various nervous system disorders.
Experimental estimation of proteome size for cells and human plasma
Authors: Naryzhny S.N. , Zgoda V.G. , Maynskova M.A. , Ronzhina N.L. , Belyakova N.V. , Legina O.K. , Archakov A.I.
Published: May 2015

Huge range of concentrations of different protein and insufficient sensitivity of methods for detection of proteins at a single molecule level does not yet allow obtaining the whole image of human proteome. In our investigations, we tried to evaluate the size of different proteomes (cells and plasma). The approach used is based on detection of protein spots in 2-DE after staining by protein dyes with different sensitivities. The function representing the dependence of the number of protein spots on sensitivity of protein dyes was generated. Next, by extrapolation of this function curve to theoretical point of the maximum sensitivity (detection of a single smallest polypeptide) it was calculated that a single human cell (HepG2) may contain minimum 70000 proteoforms, and plasma – 1.5 mln. Utilization of this approach to other, smaller proteomes showed the competency of this extrapolation. For instance, the size of mycoplasma (Acholeplasma laidlawii) was estimated in 1100 proteoforms, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) - 40000, E. coli – 6200, P. furiosus – 3400. In hepatocytes, the amount of proteoforms was the same as in HepG2 – 70000. Significance of obtained data is in possibilities to estimating the proteome organization and planning next steps in its study.
Improvement Analysis in a Municipal Pumping System Aiming the Energy Efficiency
Authors: Dutra Rafael Fernando , Altafini Carlos Roberto
Published: May 2015

With the rapid and disorderly growth that occurred in the city of Caxias do Sul - RS in the last two decades, many problems of water supply are observed in specific areas, especially in peak times and days of consumption. In order to solve the mentioned problem and focusing on energy efficiency, this study proposed two improvements in the pumping system of Santa Fe, which is responsible for supplying the northern part of Caxias do Sul. The improvements mentioned dealt with the exchange of the pumping system and the use of a frequency converter to control its speed. From the measurements made and simulations in spreadsheets and software Epanet, it was found that the two improvements are technically and economically viable, providing an estimated monthly savings of 37.7%. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v2iss1p1
Historical and current landscape‐scale ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forest structure in the Southern Sierra Nevada
Authors: Stephens Scott L. , Lydersen Jamie M. , Collins Brandon M. , Fry Danny L. , Meyer Marc D.
Published: May 2015

Many managers today are tasked with restoring forests to mitigate the potential for uncharacteristically severe fire. One challenge to this mandate is the lack of large‐scale reference information on forest structure prior to impacts from Euro‐American settlement. We used a robust 1911 historical dataset that covers a large geographic extent (>10,000 ha) and has unbiased sampling locations to compare past and current forest conditions for ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forests in the southern Sierra Nevada. The 1911 dataset contained records from 18,052 trees in 378 sampled transects, totaling just over 300 ha in transect area. Forest structure was highly variable in 1911 and shrubs were found in 54% of transects. Total tree basal area ranged from 1 to 60 m2ha−1and tree density from 2 to 170 ha−1(based on trees >30 cm dbh). K‐means cluster analysis divided transects into four groups: mixed conifer‐high basal area (MC High BA), mixed conifer‐average basal area (MC Ave BA), mixed conifer‐average basal area‐high shrubs (MC Ave BA Shrubs), and ponderosa pine (Pond Pine). The percentage of this 1911 landscape that experienced high severity fire was low and varied from 1–3% in mixed conifer forests and 4–6% in ponderosa pine forests. Comparing forest inventory data from 1911 to the present indicates that current forests have changed drastically, particularly in tree density, canopy cover, the density of large trees, dominance of white fir in mixed conifer forests, and the similarity of tree basal area in contemporary ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forests. Average forest canopy cover increased from 25–49% in mixed conifer forests, and from 12–49% in ponderosa pine forests from 1911 to the present; canopy cover in current forest types is similar but in 1911 mixed conifer forests had twice the canopy cover as ponderosa pine forests. Current forest restoration goals in the southern Sierra Nevada are often skewed toward the higher range of these historical values, which will limit the effectiveness of these treatments if the objective is to produce resilient forest ecosystems into the future.
Multiple Service System Involvement and Later Offending Behavior: Implications for Prevention and Early Intervention
Authors: Bright Charlotte Lyn , Jonson-Reid Melissa
Published: May 2015

Objectives. We investigated patterns of childhood and adolescent experiences that correspond to later justice system entry, including persistence into adulthood, and explored whether timing of potential supports to the child or onset of family poverty, according to developmental periods and gender, would distinguish among latent classes.

Methods. We constructed a database containing records for 8587 youths from a Midwestern metropolitan region, born between 1982 and 1991, with outcomes. We used data from multiple publicly funded systems (child welfare, income maintenance, juvenile and criminal justice, mental health, Medicaid, vital statistics). We applied a latent class analysis and interpreted a 7-class model.

Results. Classes with higher rates of offending persisting into adulthood were characterized by involvement with multiple publicly funded systems in childhood and adolescence, with the exception of 1 less-urban, predominantly female class that had similarly high system involvement coupled with lower rates of offending.

Conclusions. Poverty and maltreatment appear to play a critical role in offending trajectories. Identifying risk factors that cluster together may help program and intervention staff best target those most in need of more intensive intervention.
Behavioral Health Care Needs, Detention-Based Care, and Criminal Recidivism at Community Reentry From Juvenile Detention: A Multisite Survival Curve Analysis
Authors: Aalsma Matthew C. , White Laura M. , Lau Katherine S. L. , Perkins Anthony , Monahan Patrick , Grisso Thomas
Published: May 2015

Objectives. We examined the provision of behavioral health services to youths detained in Indiana between 2008 and 2012 and the impact of services on recidivism.

Method. We obtained information about behavioral health needs, behavioral health treatment received, and recidivism within 12 months after release for 8363 adolescents (aged 12–18 years; 79.4% male). We conducted survival analyses to determine whether behavioral health services significantly affected time to recidivating.

Results. Approximately 19.1% of youths had positive mental health screens, and 25.3% of all youths recidivated within 12 months after release. Of youths with positive screens, 29.2% saw a mental health clinician, 16.1% received behavioral health services during detention, and 30.0% received referrals for postdetention services. Survival analyses showed that being male, Black, and younger, and having higher scores on the substance use or irritability subscales of the screen predicted shorter time to recidivism. Receiving a behavior precaution, behavioral health services in detention, or an assessment in the community also predicted shorter time to recidivating.

Conclusions. Findings support previous research showing that behavioral health problems are related to recidivism and that Black males are disproportionately rearrested after detention.
Regularly Drinking Alcohol Before Sexual Activity in a Nationally Representative Sample: Prevalence, Sociodemographics, and Associations With Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Eaton Nicholas R. , Thompson Ronald G. , Hu Mei-Chen , Goldstein Risë B. , Saha Tulshi D. , Hasin Deborah S.
Published: May 2015

Objectives. We addressed regular drinking before sex and its associated risk factors.

Methods. From the wave 2 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a nationally representative adult US sample (fielded 2004–2005), we determined the 12-month prevalence of regularly drinking alcohol before sexual activity. Among 17 491 sexually active drinkers, we determined the sociodemographic, psychiatric, and substance use correlates of regularly drinking before sex.

Results. Regular presex drinking’s 12-month prevalence was 1.8%. Significant bivariate sociodemographic correlates were age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, family income, marital status, and employment status. Generalized anxiety disorder and alcohol dependence were associated with significantly increased odds of being a regular presex drinker after controlling for covariates.

Conclusions. We estimate that 4.3 million American adults are regular presex drinkers. Future research should examine this public health issue at the population level, with particular focus on pathways that link it to psychopathology.
HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among High-Risk Youths: Supporting Positive Opportunities With Teens (SPOT) Youth Center
Authors: Plax Katie , Garbutt Jane , Kaushik Gaurav N.
Published: May 2015

Objectives. We investigated the development of and service utilization at Supporting Positive Opportunities with Teens (SPOT)—a community-based health and social service facility in St. Louis, Missouri, for youths that focuses on increasing HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing.

Methods. We identified the US-based, co-located youth health and social service models that guided the establishment of the SPOT. We analyzed the first 5 years (2008–2013) of service delivery and utilization data.

Results. During the study period, the SPOT provided services for 8233 youths in 37 480 visits. The 5 most utilized services included HIV and STI screening, food, transportation, contraception, and case management. A total of 9812 gonorrhea and chlamydia screenings revealed 1379 (14.1%) cases of chlamydia and 437 (4.5%) cases of gonorrhea, and 5703 HIV tests revealed 59 HIV infections (1.0%); 93.0% of patients found to have an STI were treated within a 5-day window.

Conclusions. Co-locating health and social services in informal community settings attracts high-risk youths to utilize services and can prove instrumental in reducing STI burden in this population.
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Food Insecurity, Dietary Quality, and Obesity Among US Adults
Authors: Nguyen Binh T. , Shuval Kerem , Bertmann Farryl , Yaroch Amy L.
Published: May 2015

Objectives. We examined whether Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation changes associations between food insecurity, dietary quality, and weight among US adults.

Methods. We analyzed adult dietary intake data (n = 8333) from the 2003 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Bivariate and multivariable methods assessed associations of SNAP participation and 4 levels of food security with diet and weight. Measures of dietary quality were the Healthy Eating Index 2010, total caloric intake, empty calories, and solid fat; weight measures were body mass index (BMI), overweight, and obesity.

Results. SNAP participants with marginal food security had lower BMI (1.83 kg/m2; P < .01) and lower probability of obesity (9 percentage points; P < .05). SNAP participants with marginal (3.46 points; P < .01), low (1.98 points; P < .05), and very low (3.84 points; P < .01) food security had better diets, as illustrated by the Healthy Eating Index. Associations between SNAP participation and improved diet and weight were stronger among Whites than Blacks and Hispanics.

Conclusions. Our research highlights the role of SNAP in helping individuals who are at risk for food insecurity to obtain a healthier diet and better weight status.
The Impact of Weather on Mobility and Participation in Older US Adults
Authors: Clarke Philippa J. , Yan Ting , Keusch Florian , Gallagher Nancy Ambrose
Published: May 2015

Objectives. We examined the impact of weather on the daily lives of US adults to understand which populations are most vulnerable to various weather conditions.

Methods. Data came from a 2013 supplement to the University of Michigan–Thomson Reuters Surveys of Consumers, a nationally representative telephone survey of 502 adults in the contiguous United States. We used logistic regressions to assess the odds of mobility difficulty and participation restriction during different weather conditions, as well as age group differences.

Results. Ice was most likely to change the way respondents got around (reported by 47%). In icy conditions, participants had difficulty leaving home (40%) and driving (35%). Facing ice, older adults (≥ 65 years) had twice the odds of having great difficulty leaving home (odds ratio [OR] = 2.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12, 4.42) and curtailing work or volunteer activities (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.01, 4.06), and 3 times the odds of difficulty driving (OR = 3.33; 95% CI = 1.62, 6.86) as younger respondents. We also found significant differences in mobility and participation by gender and region of residence.

Conclusions. Weather can affect social isolation, health, well-being, and mortality among older US adults.
Comparisons of Annual No‐Till Spring Cereal Cropping Systems in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Young Frank L. , Alldredge J. R. , Pan William L. , Hennings Curtis
Published: May 2015

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)– summer fallow (WWF) has been the prevalent rotation in the low rainfall zone of the Pacific Northwest (PNW) for more than 130 years; however, this rotation is characterized by poor soil health, high pest incidence, and poor environmental sustainability. A 6‐year study was initiated in 1995 to evaluate the agronomic and economic feasibility of no‐till spring cereal cropping systems to replace or supplement fallow. The systems included: WWF; no‐till spring wheat‐chemical fallow (SWChF); continuous no‐till hard red spring wheat (CHRSW); and no‐till hard red spring wheat– no‐till spring barley (HRSWSB). Overall the WWF (reduced tillage fallow) system produced 25% more grain, almost $30/rotational acre more net return and was less risky compared to the second best (SWChF) system. This research was the first ever to examine a SWChF system. This system yielded higher than both the CHRSW and HRSWSB in all but 1 year. In general, HRSW yielded similarly for both systems. The 2000–2001 crop growing season was extremely dry and crop yields for that year were from 45 to 80% less than their respective 5‐year average, depending on the crop. Although all of the no‐till spring cropping systems provided greater wind erosion protection, the economic returns were negative for the duration of the study. Perhaps if compensation was provided to growers for conservation practices, adoption of these agronomically and environmentally sound systems would be readily adopted.
Application of Reactive Transport Modeling to Growth and Transport of Microorganisms in the Capillary Fringe
Authors: Hron P. , Jost D. , Bastian P. , Gallert C. , Winter J. , Ippisch O.
Published: May 2015

In the process of modeling and simulation of bacterial growth, the calibration of a numerical model to the specific experimental setup is often necessary. This study addressed the question of whether it is possible to predict the growth of microorganisms based only on independent measurements without additional calibration. To this end, flow‐through experiments with Escherichia coli (HB101 K12 pGLO) in a Hele–Shaw cell filled with quartz sand were simulated with a newly developed numerical code for reactive multiphase multicomponent flow based on an operator splitting approach. The hydraulic parameters of the sand were determined by multistep outflow experiments and the parameters of the microbial growth model from batch experiments. There was very good agreement between predicted and measured cell concentrations nondestructively determined from the fluorescence intensities of a green fluorescent protein produced by the bacterial strain. The correct description of the kinetics of gas–water phase exchange in the unsaturated zone and of cell attachment to the solid phase proved to be crucial. The operator splitting approach significantly reduced numerical dispersion in a convection‐dominated test case. It allowed a flexible adaptation of the solution strategy to the specific problem.
Effect of salt stress on some sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) genotypes
Authors: Shtereva Lydia , Vassilevska-Ivanova Roumiana , Karceva Tanya
Published: May 2015

An experiment was carried out hydroponically under laboratory conditions to
investigate the effect of salt stress on several physiological and
biochemical parameters of three sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata)
genotypes: lines 6-13, C-6 (pollen source) and their heterotic F1 hybrid
?Zaharina?. The degree of salinity tolerance among these genotypes was
evaluated at three different sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations: 0 mM, 100
mM, 125 mM and 150 mM. Seed germination, plant growth and biochemical stress
determining parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), proline content and
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels were compared between seedlings of lines and
hybrid. The obtained results indicated that both lines and hybrid have
similar responses at different salinity levels for all examined traits. All
the seedlings? growth parameters, such as germination percentage, root
length, shoot length, root and shoot fresh and dry weight, decreased with
increasing salinity level. MDA, proline and H2O2 increased at different
saline conditions in comparison to the control. Based on the results, of the
three genotypes examined, the hybrid Zaharina, followed by line C-6, was more
salt-sensitive than line 6-13 in salt stress condition.
Determination of genetic diversity among some almond accessions
Authors: Pinar Hasan , Ercisli Sezai , Unlu Mustafa , Bircan Mustafa , Uzun Aydın , Keles Davut , Baysal Filiz , Atli Halit , Yilmaz Kadir
Published: May 2015

More recently the use of different molecular markers in fruit species to
determine particularly genetic diversity, genetic relationships and cultivar
identification has been gained more importance. In the study, 13 randomly
amplified polimorfic DNA (RAPD) and 4 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)
markers were used to evaluate genetic relationships among 95 almong
accessions (26 foreign cultivars and 69 national cultivars and selections).
The all plant material found in Almond Germplasm Repository in Gaziantep,
Turkey. Both RAPD and ISSR markers distinguished the almond cultivars and
selections in various levels. 17 RAPD and ISSR markers yielded a total of 73
scorable bands, which 51 are polymorphic. The two marker system exhibited
variation with regard to average band sizes and polymorphism ratio. The
average polymorphism was higher in ISSR (88%) compared to RAPD (74%). RAPD
and ISSR marker systems were found to be useful for determining genetic
diversity among almong genotypes and cultivars. Combining of two dendrograms
obtained through these markers show different clustering of 96 almond
specimens without geographical isolation. These results supported that
almonds in Turkey indicated considerable genetic diversity.
Relationship between genetic polymorphism of κ-casein and quantitative milk yield traits in cattle breeds and crossbreds in Serbia
Authors: Djedovic Radica , Bogdanovic Vladan , Perisic Predrag , Stanojevic Dragan , Popovic Jelena , Brka Muhamed
Published: May 2015

The quality and yield of milk, and therefore of dairy products as well,
depends directly on their protein composition. Milk gene proteins represent
structural locuses that are functionally associated with milk production. In
cattle selection a special importance is attached to the variability of kappa
casein (?-CN) as one of the four casein milk proteins. Genotypes of 21
Simmental breed cows, 20 crossbred cows obtained by crossing of Simmental and
Red Holstein breed, and 25 cows of autochthonous Busha breed were determined
for kappa casein by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-
RFLP) of amplified DNA. The ?-CN genotype frequencies for Simmental breed
were: 42.8; 47.6 and 9.6 % for AA, and BB genotype, for crossbreds: 75.0;
25.0 and 0.0% and for Busha individuals: 41.7; 50.0 and 8.3 %, respectively.
Frequencies of A and B alleles, assessed on the basis of genotypic
frequencies were 0.667 and 0.333 for Simmental breed, 0.875 and 0.125 for
crossbreds and 0.667 and 0.333 for autochthonous Busha cattle breed,
respectively. For confirming the phenotypic variability of milk yield in
standard lactation, yield of milk fat and the content of milk fat per ?-CN
genotypes within breeds observed the fixed model which included the breed
effect, lactation in order and effect of ?-CN genotype (AA, and BB) was
used. The ?-CN genotype statistically significantly (p ?0.05) influenced milk
yield and highly significantly (p ?0.01) milk fat yield, while the content of
milk fat was not statistically significantly (p>0.05) influenced in examined
animals.
A simple ssr analysis for genetic diversity estimation of maize landraces
Authors: Ignjatovic-Micic Dragana , Ristic Danijela , Babic Vojka , Andjelkovic Violeta , Vancetovic Jelena
Published: May 2015

A collection of 2217 landraces from western Balkan (former Yugoslavia) is
maintained at Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje gene bank. Nine flint and
nine dent accessions from six agro-ecological groups (races), chosen on the
basis of diverse pedigrees, were analyzed for genetic relatedness using
phenotypic and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. One of the aims was to
establish a reliable set of SSR markers for a rapid diversity analysis using
polyacrilamide gels and ethidium bromide staining. In the principal component
analysis (PCA) the first three principal components accounted for 80.86% of
total variation and separated most of the flint from dent landraces. Ten SSR
primers revealed a total of 56 and 63 alleles in flint and dent landraces,
respectively, with low stuttering and good allele resolution on the gels.
High average PIC value (0.822) also supports informativeness and utility of
the markers used in this study. Higher genetic variation was observed among
flint genotypes, as genetic distances between flint landraces covered a
larger range of values (0.11- 0.38) than between dent (0.22 - 0.33)
genotypes. Both phenotypic and SSR analyses distinguished flint and dent
landraces, but neither of them could abstract agro-ecological groups. The SSR
method used gave clear, easy to read band patterns that could be used for
reliable allele frequency determination. Genetic diversity revealed for both
markers indicated that the landraces were highly adapted to specific
environmental conditions and purposes and could be valuable sources of
genetic variability. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br.
TR31028: Exploitation of maize diversity to improve grain quality and drought
tolerance] .

 This article has been corrected. Link to the correction 10.2298/GENSR1602801E
Genotype dependent tolerance to herbicides of maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines
Authors: Brankov Milan , Simic Milena , Dragicevic Vesna , Vrbnicanin Sava , Spasojevic Igor
Published: May 2015

Herbicide application in seed maize requires special attention due to their
larger sensitivity than hybrid maize. The aim of study was to examine and
define the sensitivity/tolerance of the five maize inbred lines with
different susceptibility to herbicides (belonging to different heterotic
groups), based on alterations of secondary metabolites (phenolics, protein
sulfhydryl groups, phytic and inorganic phosphorus). Two groups of
herbicides: triketons (mesotrione and topramezone) and sulfonylureas
(rimsulfuron and foramsulfuron) were tested. Lines from independent heterotic
group, which were sensitive to herbicides expressed visible damages together
with significant reduce in grain yield, mainly induced by sulfonylurea
herbicides. Parallel with that, significant increase in phenolics, phytic and
inorganic phosphorus, as well as drop in protein sulfhydryl groups were
observed in their leaves. Tolerant lines (belonging to Lancaster group) had
mainly insignificant grain yield reduce, also with lesser variations in
sulfhydryl groups, content of phytic and inorganic phosphorus, as well as
increase in phenolics content. Among examined secondary metabolites, phytate
is the main factor, contributing to herbicide tolerance in maize lines. Owing
to lesser yield decrease and variation in content of examined secondary
metabolites, expressed in treatments with triketone herbicides, they usage
could be safe in maize lines.
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of unusual x-type HMW glutenin subunits from 1sl genome of Aegilops longissima
Authors: Zhu Gengrui , Wang Shunli , Zhen Shoumin , Shen Xixi , Prodanovic Slaven , Yan Yueming
Published: May 2015

Wheat related diploid species Ae. longissima (2n=2x=14, SlSl) has extensive
storage protein variations that may provide useful gene resources for wheat
quality improvement. In this work, five novel 1Sl-encoded x-type high
molecular glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) were identified and designated as
1Slx-123, 1Slx-129, 1Slx1-136, 1Slx2-136 and 1Slx2.2, respectively. Their
complete open reading frames (ORFs) were cloned and sequenced by AS-PCR,
which contained 2874 bp (956 aa) for 1Slx-123, 2946 bp (979 aa) for 1Slx-129,
2901 bp (965 aa) for 1Slx1-136, 2982bp (991 aa) for 1Slx2-136 and 2928 bp
(974 aa) for 1Slx2.2. Molecular characterization demonstrated that five
unusual subunits had greater repetitive domains resulted from a larger
fragment insertion (74-113 aa). Particularly, 1Slx-129 had an extra cysteine
residue at the position 109 due to a TAT ? TGT dot mutation, which may
improve the formation of superior gluten macropolymer. Our results suggest
that these unusual HMW-GS could be served as potential superior gene
resources for improving wheat gluten quality. Phylogenetic analysis revealed
that HMW-GS genes from Glu-1Sx genomes had close evolutionary relationships
with those of Glu-1Dx genome while sequences from Ae. speltoides aligned with
those of B genome.
Cross-species amplification of nuclear EST-microsatellites developed for other Pinus species in Pinus nigra
Authors: Sarac Zorica , Aleksic Jelena , Dodos Tanja , Rajcevic Nemanja , Bojovic Srdjan , Marin Petar
Published: May 2015

Due to the current lack of nuclear microsatellites (simple sequence repeats -
SSRs) specifically developed for Pinus nigra, an important European
coniferous species, we cross-species amplified 12 EST-SSRs (expressed
sequence tagged SSRs) developed for other Pinus species in P. nigra in order
to delineate loci which can be used for assessing levels of genetic diversity
and genetic structuring in this species. We amplified these loci in
individuals from seven populations from the central Balkans representing four
recognized infraspecific taxa of P. nigra (ssp. nigra, var. gocensis, ssp.
pallasiana, and var. banatica). Contrary to expectations on high
transferability of EST-SSRs into related species, only three out of 12 tested
loci were successfully amplified in P. nigra, but they displayed lack/low
levels of polymorphism or generated multilocus amplification products. Thus,
our estimates on levels of genetic diversity (HE = 0.183) and genetic
differentiation (FST = 0.007) were based on variability of a single locus
harboring four alleles only and they should be taken with cautions. Our study
highlights the need for the development of high-resolution molecular markers,
such as co-dominant genic or genomic SSRs or predominantly biallelic SNPs, or
utilization of anonymous dominant markers, such as AFLPs, for genotyping in
P. nigra.
Changes of genetic diversity of maize inbred lines over four decades of hybrid breeding in the Bc institute revealed by SSR markers
Authors: Buhinicek Ivica , Jukic Mirko , Sarcevic Hrvoje , Gunjaca Jerko , Kozic Zdravko , Vragolovic Antun , Zivkovic Ivan , Palaversic Branko , Pejic Ivan , Bukan Miroslav
Published: May 2015

In this paper, changes of genetic diversity of the most important maize
inbred lines used for hybrid production within the Bc Institute in the 1970s,
1980s, 1990s and 2000s were examined using the SSR markers. The average
number of alleles per SSR locus was 3.14, 3.43, 3.07 and 3.25 for lines from
1970s, 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, whereas the number of private alleles for the
same four decades was 8, 4, 0 and 6, respectively. Mean genetic distance
among inbreds within decades steadily decreased over time from 0.64 in 1970s
to 0.57 in 2000s, but the observed differences were not statistically
significant. The clustering of the studied inbred lines indicates the
exploitation of a known BSSS x LSC heterotic pattern within the Bc Institute
maize breeding program. The overall results show that recycled inbred lines
within these pools do not decline in genetic variation over the past 40
years.
Genetic variability and traits association in castor bean (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: Goodarzi Farnaz , Hassani Abbas , Darvishzadeh Reza , Hatami Maleki
Published: May 2015

Genetic diversity of 12 castor bean accessions collected from different
geographical regions of Iran was assessed in a randomized complete block
design with three replications under filed condition. The data were recorded
for 32 agro-morphological traits. Significant differences were observed among
accessions for main stem length, main stem moist weight, main stem dry
weight, 10-seeds weight on primary raceme, seed number on primary raceme,
leaf area dry weight, female flower length, male flower length, secondary and
tertiary raceme weight and oil percentage. A strongly positive correlation
was observed between total seed weight on primary raceme as yield with seed
number on primary raceme, female flower length, primary raceme length and
main stem diameter. Path coefficient analysis indicated high direct effect of
seed number on primary raceme (0.82) on seed yield. In addition, direct
effect of primary raceme length on seed yield was negative (-0.13). Primary
raceme length had the greatest indirect effect via seed number on seed yield
(0.35).
Diversity and genetic structure of Ornithogalum L. (Hyacinthaceae) populations as revealed by RAPD-PCR markers
Authors: Andric Andrijana , Kocis-Tubic Natasa , Rat Milica , Obreht-Vidakovic Dragana
Published: May 2015

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR method was used to assess the
level of diversity and genetic structure in Ornithogalum L. populations from
Serbia and Hungary with the main goal of improving the knowledge of this
genus in the given region. The material was collected from 19 populations and
identified as two morphologically similar and phylogenetically close taxa: O.
umbellatum L. 1753 and O. divergens Boreau 1887. All ten RAPD primers used
for the analysis gave PCR products, with length between 3000bp and 300bp.
There were 101 amplified fragments in total; number of polymorphic bands per
primer varied between seven and 13. Percentage of polymorphic loci was 96% in
total and 12% in average in each population. Genetic variation statistics for
all loci also showed that genetic diversity for all populations was 0.29 and
Shannon index 0.45, while mean values for these parameters calculated for
each population were 0.04 and 0.06, respectively. Analysis of molecular
variance demonstrated high population genetic differentiation; however Mantel
test showed no significant correlation between geographic distances of
populations and genetic distances expressed through population pairwise FST.
UPGMA dendrogram based on Jaccard genetic similarity coefficients showed
subclustering and principal coordinate analysis based on Nei and Li
coefficients of genetic distances indicated grouping. Analysis of populations
genetic structure was in accordance with these results and clearly separated
populations of O. umbellatum from O. divergens. RAPDs proved to be a reliable
and rapid method suitable for distinguishing genetic differentiation in
Ornithogalum, thus could be applied as a useful additional tool in resolving
taxonomic problems.
Molecular characterization and evolution studies of a SERK like gene transcriptionally induced during somatic embryogenesis in Phoenix Dactylifera L v Deglet Nour
Authors: Rekik Imen , Drira Noureddine , Grubb Douglas , Elleuch Amine
Published: May 2015

A somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase like (SERKL) cDNA, designated
PhSERKL, was isolated from date palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L) using RACE PCR.
PhSERKL protein shared all the characteristic domains of the SERK family,
including five leucine-rich repeats, one proline-rich region motif, a
transmembrane domain, and kinase domains. Phylogenetic analyses using PHYLIP
and Notung 2.7 programs suggest that the SERK proteins of some plant species
resulted from relatively ancient duplication events. We predict an ancestor
protein of monocots and dicots SERK using FASTML program. Somatic embryogenic
cultures of date palm were established following transfer of callus cultures
to medium containing 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The role of PhSERKL
gene during establishment of somatic embryogenesis in culture was
investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. PhSERKL gene was highly
expressed during embryogenic competence acquisition and globular embryo
formation in culture. Overall, levels of expression of PhSERKL gene were
lower in nonembryogenic tissues and organs than in embryogenic callus.
Inheritance of gynoecism in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using genotype GBS-1 as gynoecious parent
Authors: Pati Kalidas , Munshi Das , Behera Kanti
Published: May 2015

The inheritance pattern of gynoecious sex expression in cucumber was studied
by utilizing a gynoecious line (GBS-1) and two monoecious lines (Pusa Uday
and Punjab Naveen). Crosses were made between gynoecious line (GBS-1) and
monoecious lines (Pusa Uday and Punjab Naveen). The F1 and F2 population
along with parental lines were evaluated to study the inheritance of this
trait. All F1 hybrids showed gynoecious sex in both crosses and in the F2
generation, the observed distribution of plant phenotypes fitted the expected
mendelian ratio of 3 (gynocious plant) : 1 (monoecious plant). The
segregation of plant sex types suggested monogenic dominant control of
gynoecious sex form in cucumber using genotype GBS-1.
The Great War, ethics of Vidovdan, memory
Authors: Sijakovic Bogoljub
Published: May 2015

After a characterization of contemporaneity (dominance of the financial
sector and high technology, politicization of economy, ideological use of
culture and thought control) and a brief analysis of expansionism (political,
economic, cultural) on the eve of the Great War, the author gives a more
detailed description of the spiritual situation in the wake of the Great War:
in philosophy, literature, and art, as well as the national political
programmatic texts and war propaganda publications of German intellectuals of
the time. The continuity of the Austro-Hungarian colonial policy towards the
Balkans and Serbia culminated in instigation of a preventive war against
Serbia by the elites in Berlin and Vienna, which is important for the
question of responsibility for the war, with concrete war aims which
reflected in the causes of the war. These war elites wanted to declare the
assassination in Sarajevo as the cause of war, which in fact was a political
assassination and tyrannicide. The liberation movement of democratic youth
Mlada Bosna (Young Bosnia) needs to be viewed both in the European context
and inspired by the Serbian tradition of Kosovo cult and the ethics of
Vidovdan (St Vitus Day) speaking about the sacrifice as sublimation of
history and about honorable suffering as element of identity. Historical
memory suggests that historical responsibility is transgenerational. The epic
proportions of Serbian suffering in the Great War have additionally incited
the idea of the Temple of St Vitus Day (Vidovdanski Hram) conceived by Ivan
Mestrovic. The bases of this idea were shaken by Milos Crnjanski in his
Lyrics of Ithaca where he succeeded to bring back to Vidovdan (St Vitus Day)
its inexhaustible national power of validity. Because of enormous Serbian
military and civilian casualties in recent history, the establishing of a
Victims of War Memorial today would have identity, existential, ethical and
ontological significance for the Serbian people.
Religious and moral context of social protection of medieval space
Authors: Bozanic Snezana , Hardi Djura
Published: May 2015

People have preserved and respected space since ancient times. The reasons
were manifold: socio- economic, legal, religious and moral. Serbian medieval
rulers tended to largely provide with riches, but also to protect estates of
monasteries, as evidenced by surviving charters or their parts called appeal
and anathema. When resolving property disputes (including the boundaries of a
certain area), in addition to the representatives of state authorities, the
witnesses who took the most frightful oaths went out in the field in order to
determine the accurate boundaries. In order not to disturb the economic life,
throughout the Middle Ages Serbian rulers used to issue charters to people of
Dubrovnik (and to the other foreign merchants) that ensured undisturbed
transit across Serbian territory. Serbian medieval rulers usually invoked:
God, Virgin Mary, a patron saint of a monastery, Last Judgment, the Cross,
First Council of Nicaea and Judah. They inspired awe in people and
contributed to the protection of the space.
Importance of the environment in the value system in Serbia: Survey results
Authors: Milosevic Ivana , Rodic Vesna
Published: May 2015

Since the 1970s, there has been increasing attention to environment. To what
extend and how one society will take care of the environment largely depends
on its importance in the value system of every individual and society as a
whole. The aim of this paper was to examine the importance of the environment
in the system of individual/ personal values of the citizens of Serbia, the
assessment of its importance in the value system of the society as a whole,
as well as to find out what is of higher priority for respondents -
environment or economic development. For this purpose, a survey was conducted
among a sample of 250 respondents. The obtained results show that, in spite
of the low standard of living and a long-term economic crisis in the country,
environment is highly rated, both at the level of personal priorities (where
environment is ranked on the third place), and at the country level (where it
is ranked on the second place). The attitudes of the respondents showed that
the truce and reconciliation of ecology and economy is necessary and required
for the development of a more sustainable society.
A hypothesis about the earliest phase of Zica katholikon
Authors: Stevovic Ivan
Published: May 2015

Based on the results of the archaeological research of the oldest horizon of
the katholikon of Zica Monastery, this paper brings the hypothesis that the
initial model for its spatial arrangement was the main church of the
Archbishopric of Kalocsa. Documented by the historical arguments that give
the indirect validation, this hypothesis is considered from the perspective
of cultural interactions which left a mark on the artistic creations of
liminal geographical and historical zones of the Christian world during the
twelfth and thirteenth century.
Measuring Qualitative Information in Capital Markets Research: Comparison of Alternative Methodologies to Measure Disclosure Tone
Authors: Henry Elaine , Leone Andrew J
Published: May 2015

This study evaluates alternative measures of the tone of financial narrative. We present evidence that word-frequency tone measures based on domain-specific wordlists—compared to general wordlists—better predict the market reaction to earnings announcements, have greater statistical power in short-window event studies, and exhibit more economically consistent post-announcement drift. Further, inverse document frequency weighting, advocated in Loughran and McDonald (2011), provides little improvement to the alternative approach of equal weighting. We also provide evidence that word-frequency tone measures are as powerful as the Naïve Bayesian machine-learning tone measure from Li (2010) in a regression of future earnings on MD&A tone. Overall, although more complex techniques are potentially advantageous in certain contexts, equal-weighted, domain-specific, word-frequency tone measures are generally just as powerful in the context of financial disclosure and capital markets. Such measures are also more intuitive, easier to implement, and, importantly, far more amenable to replication.
Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in 24,947 Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Rawshani Araz , Svensson Ann-Marie , Rosengren Annika , Eliasson Björn , Gudbjörnsdottir Soffia
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE

Socioeconomic status (SES) is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death. We examined the association in a large cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Clinical data from the Swedish National Diabetes Register were linked to national registers, whereby information on income, education, marital status, country of birth, comorbidities, and events was obtained. Patients were followed until a first incident event, death, or end of follow-up. The association between socioeconomic variables and the outcomes was modeled using Cox regression, with rigorous covariate adjustment.

RESULTS

We included 24,947 patients. Mean (SD) age and follow-up was 39.1 (13.9) and 6.0 (1.0) years. Death and fatal/nonfatal CVD occurred in 926 and 1378 individuals. Compared with being single, being married was associated with 50% lower risk of death, cardiovascular (CV) death, and diabetes-related death. Individuals in the two lowest quintiles had twice as great a risk of fatal/nonfatal CVD, coronary heart disease, and stroke and roughly three times as great a risk of death, diabetes-related death, and CV death as individuals in the highest income quintile. Compared with having ≤9 years of education, individuals with a college/university degree had 33% lower risk of fatal/nonfatal stroke. Immigrants had 19%, 33%, and 45% lower risk of fatal/nonfatal CVD, all-cause death, and diabetes-related death, respectively, compared with Swedes. Men had 44%, 63%, and 29% greater risk of all-cause death, CV death, and diabetes-related death.

CONCLUSIONS

Low SES increases the risk of CVD and death by a factor of 2–3 in type 1 diabetes.