AGE AND SEX CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM OF RABBIT BLOOD
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, ADZHIYEV D.D. , RUMYANTSEV S.A. ,   Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, PRONINA G.I. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Irrigation Fish Farming, SAPOZHNIKOVA N.A. ,   Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology of the Moscow Department of Health
Published: October 2020

Despite the multifactorial oxidant-antioxidant interactions in the body, it is necessary to determine the antioxidant status as the total balance of free radical generation processes and the activity of the enzymatic and nonenzymatic defense lines of the body. In this regard, an important diagnostic problem is the selection of adequate indicators that reflect both components. Obviously, these indicators should be stable and multiple. However, there is another problem associated with the selection of integrated indicators that simplify the information assessment of the antioxidant status of the body. The aim of this research work was to study the intensity of lipid peroxidation and changes in the antioxidant system in intact rabbits of different age groups and sex in postnatal ontogenesis. The studies were carried out on 30 (15 males and 15 females) rabbits in bioclinics. Blood was taken from animals aged 60, 120 and 180 days. The content of diene conjugates and Malon dialdehyde, as well as low-molecular antioxidants – tocopherol and retinol – were determined in blood plasma. The activity of antioxidant enzymes – glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase was evaluated in hemolysates. Thus, the activity of SOD, CAT, GP, GR and the concentration of DC and MDA in some cases significantly decreased in all studied groups of animals by the end of the experiment. The content of cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose shows the sexual differences between male and female rabbits in the lipid and energy spectrum of blood plasma. At the age of 180 days, the increase in cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose in males amounted to 13.1%, 37.4% (at P ≤ 0.001) and 14.1%. Accordingly, for females: 17.2%, 37.8% (at P ≤ 0.001) and 15.8%. At the age of 120 and 180 days there was an unreliable decrease in all indicators in animals as compared with the values obtained in the 60-day age. The content of tocopherol in males in 120 and 180 days increased by 17.9 (at P ≤ 0.001) and 21.2% (at P ≤ 0.001), retinol – by 45.5% (at P ≤ 0.01) and 63.6% (at P ≤ 0.01) as contrasted to to the initial (60 days) values. Similarly, females showed a significant increase in the concentration of tocopherol by 20.7% (at P ≤ 0.001) and 23.3% (at P ≤ 0.001), retinol – by 30.8% (at P ≤ 0.05) in 180 days. Thus, the influence of age and sex on the indicators of peroxide and lipid metabolism, the content of fat-soluble vitamins A and E in blood plasma, the activity of the main enzymes of antioxidant protection of animals has been shown. According to the content of cholesterol and triglycerides, sexual differences between male and female rabbits in the lipid spectrum of blood plasma have been established. This, in turn, helped determine the specific weight of individual factors of the AOS-POL system in the ontogenesis of rabbits.