bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Hospitalization on Continuation of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Comorbidities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Murphy Bethany , Chahal Simran , Shepherd Elleigh , Taylor Nicole , Camp Austin
Published: January 2025

Purpose: In the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), select sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are recommended based on comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), heart failure (HF), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Because guidelines typically recommend insulin for inpatient treatment of T2DM, there is potential these therapies may be negatively impacted by hospitalization. This study aimed to assess the effect of hospitalization on outpatient T2DM therapy.
Methods: In this retrospective study, patients were included if they had a diagnosis of T2DM plus a comorbidity (CKD, HF, ASCVD) for which they are prescribed an SGLT2 inhibitor or GLP-1 receptor agonist and had a recent hospitalization and follow-up appointment at an outpatient clinic. Electronic medical records were reviewed to determine if these therapies were continued during transitions of care. Data were analyzed with basic descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: Thirty-six patients on SGLT2 inhibitor therapy met inclusion criteria. Four (11%) of these patients were never restarted on therapy outpatient following hospitalization, with three of these not having an appropriate reason for discontinuation. Twenty-two patients on GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy met inclusion criteria. Four (18%) of these patients were never restarted on therapy outpatient following hospitalization, with two of these not having an appropriate reason for discontinuation.
Conclusion: Five out of 58 patients (8.6%) included in the study experienced an inappropriate discontinuation of therapy throughout the transitions of care process. While most patients had their T2DM medication restarted, this study shows hospitalization can impact guideline-directed outpatient therapy.
A Pilot Study of Hemoglobin A1C Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes after Creation of a Patient Assistance Program Enrollment Committee at a Student-Run Free Clinic
Authors: John D. Salvemini  , Gregory R. Vance  , Amanda Pham  , Garner Fincher  , Johnny Yang  , Harshin Sanjanwala  , Leonna Conley  , Alan Penman  , James Pitcock
Published: January 2025

Background: Our student-run free clinic (SRFC) treats uninsured patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a medically underserved region. Mississippi has the second highest diabetes prevalence in the nation. Increasing access for patients with diabetes to affordable medication is challenging. Some studies provide encouraging results for lowering hemoglobin A1C and increasing medication adherence through patient assistance programs (PAP). None have examined a student-run PAP committee’s impact on diabetes outcomes.
Objective: To compare A1C levels for patients with diabetes enrolled in PAPs by our committee with those not enrolled and to describe clinical outcomes.
Methods: A retrospective review of patients with T2D at our SRFC between 2015 and 2023 was performed. The primary outcome was change in A1C within a 4-9 month follow-up window. Secondary outcomes were emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions.
Results: Twenty-five patients with T2D were enrolled in PAPs, while 77 were not. The PAP group had a higher baseline A1C (10.9% vs. 8.7%).  The difference in A1C between groups was not statistically significant (P=0.68), even with adjustment for covariates (P=0.59). ED visit and hospital admission frequency was similar between groups. Neuropathy was the most common diabetic complication. ED visits and hospital admissions for heart attacks occurred only in the non-PAP group.
Conclusion: While patients enrolled in PAPs showed a greater average reduction in A1C, the difference was not statistically significant. The higher baseline A1C in the PAP group carries greater reduction potential. A prospective study is necessary to better evaluate PAP enrollment outcomes for uninsured patients with diabetes.
Practice Patterns for N-acetylcysteine Dosing for Acetaminophen Toxicity in the United States
Authors: Thomas Michael , Edwards Christopher , Dunlap Amanda
Published: January 2025

Background: Although the FDA approved acetaminophen toxicity dosing regimen for intravenous n-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a three-bag regimen, alternate regimens have been published which are generally simpler, and decrease errors and adverse effects. It is not clear how pervasive alternative regimens are used in hospitals in the US and reasons for a change from the FDA regimen. Objective: Characterize practice patterns for treating acetaminophen toxicity. Methods: An pilot-tested, electronic survey containing demographic and practice pattern questions for acetaminophen toxicity management was sent to residency program directors. The survey was open for 4 weeks with several reminder e-mails sent to non-responders. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Results: There were 119 responses (9.2% response rate). Responses were representative of all geographic areas in the US and were most commonly from community hospitals (67.2%) and those with 300 or more beds (72.2%). Nearly two-thirds used the FDA approved NAC regimen, whereas others used an alternate regimen. Reasons for making the change were for simplicity, to decrease errors or adverse events, or based on local poison center recommendations. More than one-third of respondents reported not using a maximum dosing weight. Conclusions: N-acetylcysteine is usually administered intravenously using the FDA approved regimen for acetaminophen toxicity. The weight for dosing was commonly capped at 100 kg, but some institutions did not use a maximum. Alternative intravenous regimens have been implemented at some institutions with the impetus for change being safety and simplicity.
FREQUENCY OF ANEMIA AND LATENT IRON DEFICIENCY IN THE POPULATION OF WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE LIVING IN THE TERRITORY OF KHMAO-YUGRA
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Chernaya Ekaterina Evgenevna , Kasparova Anjelika Eduardovna
Published: January 2025

The incidence of anemia and latent iron deficiency among women worldwide reaches 30%. However, in the population of women of reproductive age living in the territory of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra this problem is insufficiently studied. A one-stage retrospective study of medical records of women of reproductive age who are not members of the indigenous minorities of the North was conducted. Latent iron deficiency without anemia was detected in 21 (35%) of the subjects. Abnormal uterine bleeding was observed in 39 (65%) women, serum ferritin level was lower 20.90 (13.80–35.00) ng/mL than in the group with normal menstrual cycle 30.00 (30.00–40.00) ng/mL, p = 0.018. Obesity was observed in 18 (30%) of the studied women and was associated with lower serum ferritin values than normal and overweight, p = 0.002. A 1 cm increase in waist circumference was associated with a 0.287 g/dL decrease in mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration, p < 0.001. A negative inverse relationship between increased waist circumference and serum C-reactive protein level was demonstrated, p = 0.02.
Digital criminal case as a tool for storing electronic/digital evidence
Authors: Turshin Andrei Ivanovich
Published: January 2025

Electronic evidence is increasingly being used in criminal cases. The issue of their incorporation and preservation in their original form is urgent. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to substantiate the expediency of switching to a digital criminal case, one of the functions of which should be the storage of electronic evidence. The subject of the research is an electronic criminal case as a tool for storing and handling electronic evidence in criminal proceedings. The object of the study is legal relations related to the processes of storing, verifying and ensuring the immutability of electronic evidence. The author examines the current methods of storing electronic evidence, highlights their disadvantages. The main focus is on analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of resort to the electronic form of criminal proceedings. The main risks and threats of storing electronic evidence in this way are summarized and ways to overcome them are identified. The research is based on scientific publications relevant to the stated topic, regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and case law. To achieve this goal, general scientific methods of cognition, the formal legal method, and the method of legal forecasting were used. As a result of the conducted research, the author identified the disadvantages of the applied method of attaching and storing electronic evidence. The portable electronic media used (optical disks and flash drives) are vulnerable to breakage and do not fully protect information from changes. The possibility of switching to the storage of electronic evidence by attaching it to an electronic criminal case is substantiated. It has been established that an electronic criminal case can ensure a high level of safety and immutability of electronic evidence, transparency of storage, minimizes the risk of their loss, and simplifies familiarization with them. The main conclusions of the study confirm that the introduction of an electronic form of a criminal case is able to meet security requirements. However, the author emphasizes that an electronic criminal case should be considered only as a method of preserving and ensuring the reliability of electronic evidence, without becoming a way of giving artificial credibility to obviously unreliable information.
MENTALNO ZDRAVLJE UDOMITELJICA ZA DJECU
Authors: Barišić Anita
Published: January 2025

The role of foster parents is demanding and responsible in the context of caring for children, and foster carers may experience stress that affects their burnout and mental health. The aim of this paper is to present a part of the results of a broader study that aimed to examine the contribution of sociodemographic characteristics, foster carers’ experiences, resilience, and social support, as well as sources of stress among foster carers for children, professional burnout, and its effects on the mental health of foster mothers (emotional state, anxiety, and depression). The study included 135 foster mothers for children. Using hierarchical regression analysis, the results showed that a greater presence of stress sources and emotional exhaustion predicted worse emotional states in foster mothers, whereas a higher level of personal achievement predicted better emotional states. Predictors of anxiety included a greater number of people under the foster mother's care, fostering a child with internalized behavioural problems, fostering a baby, and perceived low family social support. A greater number of people under foster mothers’ care, higher levels of emotional exhaustion, and perceived lower levels of social support from social workers are predictors of depressive symptoms. Understanding the mechanisms that predict the foster mothers’ mental health can help in creating interventions and treatments therefor, allowing to adequately meet the needs of children without appropriate parental care.
Electives implementation in competency-based medical education: Perspective of final year medical undergraduate students in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Priyanka S. , Vasundara K. , Shubha R. , Chethan B. , Kumar Rishabh
Published: January 2025

Objectives:

Elective postings are a part of the new competency-based medical education curriculum as they are known to provide a more well-rounded education. This was the first medical undergraduate batch to undergo the elective postings, and their perspective regarding its implementation will help us to refine this process for future batches. Hence, this study was taken up to assess their feedback.

Materials and Methods:

A well-designed, structured and pre-validated questionnaire was filled out by consenting students who had attended the elective postings. The responses were collected through Google Forms, which were then exported and analysed in Microsoft Excel.

Results:

Out of the total 150 students in the batch, 96 consented and filled out the questionnaire. About 81.25% of students were aware of the existence of electives, and 76% were aware of both their purpose and importance. About 51% agreed that the postings were useful, and 46.9% felt that it was necessary for both clinical and nonclinical postings to be included in the study. About 43.75% felt that it was confusing to select the topics, and 60.4% opined that there were sufficient topics to choose from.

Conclusion:

We found that the students were aware of the existence and purpose of elective postings, and they perceived them to be useful, and the majority did not face many challenges during its implementation. It is up to the decision-makers to improve the process further to improve its implementation.
Alcohol dependence syndrome managed with homoeopathic medicine Bufo Rana – An evidence-based case report
Authors: Sivakumar K. , Sreeja K. R. , Krishnan A. Abhay , Rahitha K.
Published: January 2025

Alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) is a cluster of physiological, behavioural and cognitive phenomena wherein alcohol use takes on a much higher priority for a given individual than other behaviours that once had great value. A definite diagnosis of ADS should be made with the diagnostic guidelines of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 classification of mental diseases. The harm caused by ADS constitutes a major public health problem, as it causes numerous mental and physical disorders and imposes a massive economic burden. Excessive spending on alcohol leads to debts and heavy treatment expenses, amongst other financial consequences. The conventional treatment utilises several medications for detoxification, craving reduction and withdrawal management. However, homoeopathy can provide a valid and effective treatment to help patients to break the cycle of alcohol dependence, reduce the craving and relieve the withdrawal symptoms without adverse effects. A 35-year-old male patient presented with an irresistible desire to take alcohol and withdrawal symptoms of tremors in abstinence at the outpatient department (OPD) of National Homoeopathy Research Institute in Mental Health, Kottayam. The condition was diagnosed as ADS as it fulfilled the diagnosis guidelines provided in the ICD-10. Initially, the patient was treated in the OPD without significant improvement. Later, the patient was admitted into the inpatient department, and after careful case-taking, the homoeopathic medicine Bufo Rana 200 was prescribed. After the remedy was administered, the alcohol craving and dependence were markedly reduced, and the symptoms of withdrawal were relieved. The alcohol dependence was assessed using the severity of the alcohol dependence questionnaire, and the score changed from 46 to 2. The causal attribution for the outcome changes was assessed using the Modified Naranjo Criteria for Homeopathy-Causal Attribution Inventory. The score was +9, close to the maximum (13), showing the positive relationship between the intervention and the outcome. Therefore, this case report strongly suggests that the homoeopathic medicine Bufo Rana has a positive role in treating ADS.
Sustainable management of blossom end rot in tomatoes using Lapis Albus 200C and Borax 200C
Authors: Vidhya M. , Lathifa J. F. , Kumaran G. Senthil
Published: January 2025

Objectives:

This study explores the efficacy of homoeopathic medicines Lapis Albus 200C and Borax 200C in preventing BER in tomato plants.

Material and Methods:

Experimental groups included untreated control plants, plants treated with Lapis Albus 200 and plants treated with Borax 200. Treatments were applied bi-weekly, and plant growth, health and yield were monitored over 85 days.

Results:

Results indicated that both Lapis Albus 200 and Borax 200 significantly improved plant height, yield of healthy tomatoes and reduced flowering time compared to the control group. Group C (Borax 200) exhibited the greatest improvements, with the highest mean stem height of 11 cm (Standard deviation [SD] 0.85), the highest yield of healthy tomatoes at 50% (53 tomatoes) and the shortest flowering time at 49 days (SD 1.22). Group B (Lapis Albus 200) showed a mean stem height of 10 cm (SD 0.77), a yield of 42.45% (25 tomatoes) and a mean flowering time of 50 days (SD 1.41). The control group had a mean stem height of 8 cm (SD 0.81), a yield of 7.54% (8 tomatoes) and a mean flowering time of 55 days (SD 2.68).

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that homoeopathic treatments may enhance Ca uptake and distribution, improving overall plant health and resilience under stress conditions. The study underscores the potential of Lapis Albus 200C and Borax 200C in managing BER and promoting sustainable tomato production. Future research should focus on the mechanisms through which these remedies influence Ca dynamics and plant stress responses, aiming to integrate homoeopathic treatments into broader agricultural management strategies.
Homoeopathy for alcohol withdrawal state with delirium – A case report
Authors: Moorthi S. Karunakara
Published: January 2025

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome’s major consequence, delirium tremens, is a complex issue that greatly raises patient morbidity and fatality rates. Alcohol withdrawal delirium is characterised by tremors, hypertension, profuse sweating, tachycardia and common delirium symptoms such as disorientation, lightheadedness, disturbances of circadian rhythm, processes of thinking and sensory disorders, all occurring over time. A 54-year-old male patient presented with a feature of visual hallucination that the police were standing in front of his house. He had suspicion that someone had kept a listening device in his house and all his conversations were being heard. He was doubtful that he could hear a musical tone and constantly searched for the music-producing device in his clothes, on his body, in his house, etc. As per his acute symptoms presentation, Arsenicum album (Ars. alb) 30 C was prescribed frequently until his symptoms responded to it. His symptoms completely disappeared, and his Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol score decreased from 16 to 0 within 5 days. This case report illustrates the potential use of homoeopathic medicine in the management of an acute emergency of Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium.
Homoeopathic management of generalised anxiety disorder: A case report
Authors: Siddamma S. , Angadi Vijayalakshmi M.
Published: January 2025

Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) is a condition that is characterised by excessive daily anxiety and worry for ≥6 months about many activities or events. It can adversely affect the quality of life of the patient. Homoeopathic medicines are found to be effective in many mental health issues; hence, this case report is an effort to showcase the positive impact of these medicines in the management of GAD. A 47-year-old female presented with palpitations, mild chest pain, excessive anxiety, and fear about the future. After detailed case-taking, Sepia officinalis, an individualised homoeopathic remedy, was prescribed, followed by the excellent improvement, which is objectively recorded in the Hamilton anxiety rating scale. This case report also reflects on how homoeopathic intervention at the earliest can benefit the patient.
Model Kurikulum Pesantren Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia: Analisis Anatomi Kurikulum Pondok Pesantren Wali Barokah Kediri
Authors: Asrori Asrori
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisa kurikulum pesantren LDII di Pondok Pesantren Wali Barokah Kediri. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif, sedangkan jenis penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, dan observasi. Teknik Analisa data kondensasi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Teknik keabsahan data credibility data, transferability-transferabilitas, dependability, conformability. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model kurikulum LDII terdiri dari anatomi kurikulum dan tipologi kurikulum pesantren. Anatomi kurikulum pesantren LDII tersusun dari beberapa elemen antara lain: tujuan, materi, strategi, dan evaluasi. Tipologi kurikulum pesantren LDII adalah tipologi baru peneliti memberi tipologi“Kurikulum Pesantren Hybrid”. Kurikulum pesantren hybrid adalah kurikulum pesantren yang memadukan nilai-nilai pendidikan tradisional dengan pendidikan keterampilan dalam bentuk kursus yang disesuaikan dengan minat santri (courses and skills).
Стратегические направления развития современного дизайна в свете идей Саммита-2017
Authors: Катаева Екатерина Аркадьевна , Быстрова Татьяна Юрьевна , Малышева Мария Сергеевна
Published: January 2025

В статье на основе материалов Саммита дизайна-2017 в Монреале (Канада) анализируются основные направления и цели развития дизайна, базовые концепты проектирования в различных сферах. С опорой на документы и доклады саммита показаны стратегические направления развития дизайна. Особое внимание уделяется комментариям к основным положениям Декларации дизайна, принятой на саммите. Работа выполнена в рамках фундаментальных НИР © Катаева Е. А., Быстрова Т. Ю., Малышева М. С., 2018

The article, based on materials of the Montreal Design Summit-2017, analyzes its key directions and developments for design while exploring basic design concepts in various fields. In addition, it discusses strategic directions for development in design based on the documents and reports from the summit. Particular attention is paid to comments on the main provisions of the Design Declaration adopted at the Summit.
Открытое образование для людей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья: задачи дизайна
Authors: Шутова Алена Сергеевна
Published: January 2025

В статье изучается проблема равного доступа к системе онлайн-образования для пользователей с различными возможностями восприятия. Основываясь на концепции универсального дизайна, учитывая зарубежную практику в области дизайн-проектирования доступной веб-среды, задачи массовых открытых онлайн-курсов и различные сценарии взаимодействия пользователя с контентом, автор выводит критерии оценки доступности образовательных интернет-ресурсов для людей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. © Шутова А. С., 2018

In article the problem of equal access to the system of online education for users with various opportunities of perception is researched. Based on the concept of universal design, considering foreign practice in the field of design design of the available web environment, a problem of mass open online courses and various scenarios of interaction of the user with content, criteria for evaluation of availability of educational Internet resources to physically disabled people are removed.
Особенности изменения функционального состава центральной торговой зоны в процессе ее развития
Authors: Переверзева Наталья Викторовна , Санок Сергей Иосифович
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена рассмотрению развития центральной торговой зоны города Екатеринбурга с 2006 года по настоящее время. Произведен анализ по количеству основных функциональных составляющих центральной торговой зоны. Определены изменения в функциональном составе зоны, которые влияют на ее дальнейшее планировочное развитие.

The article is devoted to the development of the Central shopping area of the city of Yekaterinburg since 2006 to the present. An analysis was made of the number of main functional components of the Central trading zone. Changes in the functional composition of the zone have been determined, which affect its further planning development.
Универсализация зданий дошкольных образовательных организаций
Authors: Сычева Елена Борисовна
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматривается один из путей решения проблемы «дефицита-избытка» мест в детских садах в результате демографической нестабильности. Для этих целей при разработке проекта предлагается применять универсальные структурные модули, позволяющие временное перепрофилирование здания в периоды сокращения численности дошкольного контингента с последующим возвращением прежнего функционального назначения. Предложены некоторые приемы универсализации здания дошкольной образовательной организации.

The article is one of the ways to solve the problem of deficit-excess places in kindergartens as a result of demographic instability. For these purposes, in developing the draft proposes universal structural modules that allow the temporary building redevelopment duringperiods of downsizing preschool contingent and returns the previous functional purpose. Offered some tricks of the universalization of preschool educational institution buildings.
Изучение истории архитектуры в эпоху постмодернизма
Authors: Худин Алексей Александрович
Published: January 2025

Статья содержит обзор тенденций в архитектурном образовании 1960-х годов в Америке и Европе. Особенностью периода является «поворот к истории», возвращение в архитектурную педагогику предмета истории архитектуры. Отражена смена модернистских подходов в образовании, которые исключали важность и необходимость изучения прошлого, на новые подходы, характерные для эпохи постмодернизма. Анализу подвергаются материалы конференции Американского института архитекторов и Ассоциации университетских школ архитектуры. Делаются выводы относительно смены парадигмы и ранней стадии формирования нового восприятия ретроспекции и историзма как допустимых для архитектора.

The article provides an overview of trends in the architectural education of the 1960s in America and Europe. The peculiarity of the period is «a turn towards history», a return to the architectural pedagogy of the subject - the history of architecture. Reflects the change of modernist approaches in education, which excluded the importance and necessity of studying the past, to new approaches characteristic to the postmodern era. The materials of the conference of the American Institute of Architects and the Association of University Schools of Architecture are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn regarding the paradigm shift and the early stage of the formation of a new perception of retrospection and historicism as permissible for an architect.
К вопросу периодизации современной архитектуры
Authors: Бембель Ирина Олеговна
Published: January 2025

Целью статьи является осмысление архитектурной истории стилей в контексте существования двух философских парадигм - традиционной и современной. Философской основой является традиционализм, помогающий выявить скрытые импульсы магистральных процессов формообразования.

The purpose of the article is to interpret the architectural history of styles in the context of the existence of two philosophical paradigms - traditional and modern. The philosophical basis is traditionalism, which helps to reveal the hidden impulses of the main processes of formation.
Алгоритм анализа архитектуры православного храма с учетом требований архитектурного канона
Authors: Верховых Елена Юрьевна
Published: January 2025

В статье на основании введенного автором архитектурно-теоретического понятия «архитектурный канон» православного храма представлен анализ объекта православной храмовой архитектуры на соответствие выполнению требований «архитектурного канона». Выявлены его критерии, даны основные характеристики, показаны возможные результаты анализа архитектуры храма. 1 Работа выполнена по плану ФНИ на 2019 г. при поддержке РААСН и Минстроя России в соответствии с Государственной программой Российской Федерации «Развитие науки и технологий» на 2013-2020 гг., Программой фундаментальных научных исследований государственных академий наук на 2013-2020 гг.

In the article, based on the architectural-theoretical concept of «architectural canon» of an Orthodox church, introduced by the author, an algorithm for analyzing a specific object of Orthodox church architecturefor compliance with the requirements of an «architectural canon» is formulated. Its criteria are revealed, the main characteristics are given. The possible results of the analysis of the architecture of the temple within the framework are shown.
Архитектурно-пространственная структура города Озерска
Authors: Михайлова Людмила Гавриловна
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются особенности первичного формирования архитектурно-пространственной структуры закрытого города Озерска, расположенного в Челябинской области, которая относится к периоду строительства города в послевоенное время - 1940-1950-м годам. В статье рассматриваются основные тенденции в планировке и формировании структуры города, определяющие его градостроительный и архитектурный облик, основные архитектурные ансамбли и здания города, обладающие архитектурной ценностью, а также массовая жилая застройка города, выполненная в стилевых формах советской неоклассики. 1 Работа выполнена по плану ФНИ на 2019 г. при поддержке РААСН и Минстроя России в соответствии с Государственной программой Российской Федерации «Развитие науки и технологий» на 2013-2020 гг., Программой фундаментальных научных исследований государственных академий наук на 2013-2020 гг.

The article discusses the features of the primary formation of the architectural and spatial structure of the closed city of Ozersk, located in the Chelyabinsk region, which refers to the period of construction of the city in the postwar period - 1940-1950. The article discusses the main trends in the planning and formation of the structure of the city, determining its urban and architectural appearance, the main architectural ensembles and buildings of the city with architectural value, as well as mass residential development of the city, made in the stylistic forms of the Soviet neoclassical.
Revealing reaction kinetics in ammonium perchlorate (AP) combustion using an EM-HyChem approach
Authors: Chen Xinzhe , Sun Wei , Wang Yongjin , Pang Kehui , Liu Yuquan , Wang Min , Chu Qingzhao , Chen Dongping
Published: January 2025

AP combustion is critical in the propulsion as its great ability to act as oxidizers in solid propellants. However, the reaction kinetics of AP remains under debate owing to the complex decomposition mechanism in solid phase. In this study, the reaction kinetics of AP is resolved by decoupling the complex combustion process into two sub-processes: solid-phase pyrolysis and gas-phase oxidation, which is recently proposed as EM-HyChem approach. In this approach, key pyrolysis products and reaction mechanisms are identified through molecular dynamics simulations. The chemical reaction neural network model is then employed to extract the rate parameters in pyrolysis model from thermogravimetric experiments. Subsequently, the pyrolysis model is coupled with an oxidation model for the pyrolysis products to build a kinetic model for AP. The kinetic model is used to simulate AP laminar flame via a one-dimensional method. Predicted burning rates, surface temperatures, and species profiles show good agreement with results from other experimental measurements and models. Sensitivity analysis of kinetic parameters provides insights into the factors contributing to the N-shaped curve of the AP burning rate.
Bile Acids-Amino Acids Conjugates and Bile Acids Amino Derivatives as Organocatalysts for Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reactions in Aqueous Media
Authors: Raglione Venanzio , Palmeri Federica , Vetica Fabrizio , D'Annibale Andrea
Published: January 2025

In this work, bile acids-amino acids, L-proline and L-phenylalanine, conjugates and bile acids amino derivatives were successfully synthesized, characterized and employed as organocatalysts for direct asymmetric aldol reactions in aqueous medium. Bile acids-amino acids conjugates exhibited high catalytic activity, with the L-proline-based organocatalyst showing the highest efficiency, achieving yields up to 99%, high diastereoselectivity for the anti product and moderate enantioselectivity. The L-phenylalanine-based one demonstrated good catalytic performance, achieving yields up to 99% and good diastereoselectivity for the syn product. The environmental sustainability of these catalytic systems lies in the use of bio-based surfactants-amino acids conjugates utilizing water as the reaction medium, without the addition of any cosolvent, while aligning with the modern ethics of environmentally friendly practices. These findings reveal the potential of natural bile acids scaffolds as versatile and eco-friendly conjugates to afford highly efficiency in sustainable organocatalysis for successfully achieving organic transformations in aqueous environments.
Conditional Fluorescent Changes of Azaylides with Fluorescent Chromophores
Authors: Hamada Mayo , Yoshida Suguru
Published: January 2025

We found conditional fluorescent changes of azaylides bearing fluorescent chromophores. Azaylide formation and their stability were examined using electron-deficient aromatic azides and triarylphosphines having fluorescent chromophores. Turn-on fluorescence was realized under the acidic conditions using a non-fluorescent azaylide prepared by nonhydrolysis Staudinger reaction from 2,6-dichloro-substituted aryl azide and 1-pyrenyl phosphine.
Illuminating Lead Coordination in Perovskite Precursors via Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Siwei , Wang Jinjin , Jiang Jinhui , Ma Fulong , Wang Yifan , Chen Xinmeng , KWOK Ryan , Zhao zheng , Lam Jacky , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: January 2025

The properties of perovskite precursors critically determine the ultimate performance of perovskite devices, yet simple and accessible real-time precursor characterization methods remain scarce. Here, we systematically investigate the Pb coordination environment in perovskite precursors using fluorescence spectroscopy. By examining lead halide [PbX6]⁴⁻ octahedra (X = Cl, Br, I) and monitoring their luminescence under different solvents and A-site cation compositions, we unveil how [PbX6]4- distinct aggregation states give rise to characteristic fluorescence “fingerprints.” We find that halide choice, solvent coordination, and A-site cations collectively exert pronounced effects on the photoluminescence (PL) peak positions, full width at half maximum (FWHM), and photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Moreover, we demonstrate that fluorescence spectroscopy can capture subtle changes in intermediate perovskite structures—including low-dimensional nanoscale clusters and the formation of higher-dimensional networks. This robust optical method offers a powerful and straightforward approach for tracing the nucleation stage, evaluating solvent-solute and solute–solute interactions, and differentiating Pb coordination states in real time.
Synergistic Photoenzymatic Anti-Markovnikov Hydroaryla-tion of Olefins via Heteroaryl Radical Intermediates
Authors: Mukherjee Prasun , Alassad Zayed , Hyster Todd
Published: January 2025

Heteroaromatic alkylations are indispensable reactions for synthesizing biologically active molecules. The anti-Markovnikov hydroarylation of olefins using heteroaryl hal-ides furnishes the product as a single regioisomer, however, catalytic variants are ineffective in controlling the stereochem-ical outcome of these reactions. Here, we report a synergistic photoenzymatic hydroarylation of olefins using flavin-dependent ‘ene’-reductases with ruthenium photoredox cata-lysts. Enzyme homologs were identified, which provide access to both product enantiomers in greater than 80% yield with up to 99:1 er. This method is effective for styrenyl and unactivat-ed alkenes, highlighting the generality of this approach. Bind-ing assay study revealed strong binding of the photocatalyst with the enzyme for superior catalytic activity. Mechanistic studies suggest efficient intermolecular coupling is possible because alkene binding accelerates the consumption of the aryl halide.
Prediction of Quality Markers (Q-Markers) for the Mongolian Medicine Naru-3 Based on Chemical Composition, Pharmacological Effects, and Network Pharmacology
Authors: En Ying , Xu Liang , Yu Jiaqi
Published: January 2025

Naru Sanwei Pill, also known as Naru-3, a Mongolian medicine originating from Zhigao Pharmacopoeia, is a classic prescription used in the treatment of rheumatism. It is composed of Terminalia chebula, processed Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb., and Piper longum, and is known for its effects in eliminating “mucus,” relieving pain, and reducing swelling, with significant efficacy in treating joint effusion and lumbar pain. In recent years, researchers have summarized its chemical components and pharmacological effects, and employed network pharmacology methods based on the core theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine quality markers (Q-Markers) to analyze and predict its markers. The results identified potential Q-Markers for Naru-3, providing a scientific basis for quality control and further research.
Comparison of three different bio-based methodologies to improve sandy soils
Authors: Oliveira Paulo José da Venda
Published: January 2025

This work compares the effectiveness of different biogrout agents to improve the mechanical
properties (strength and stiffness) of two sandy soils. Based on the results of unconfined
compressive strength tests for different curing times (3-180 days), the results obtained
from microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation using two bacteria (Sporosarcina
pasteurii and Idiomarina insuliasalsae) are compared with employing urease to promote
calcium carbonate precipitation and the use of the biopolymer xanthan gum (3-28 days).
Additionally, the methodologies of calcite precipitation and the use of xanthan gum are also
analyzed by examining scanning electron microscopy images. For a curing time of 28 days,
the results show that the use of urease is the best of the three bio-based methodologies to
improve sand, while the least efficient methodology is the use of the biopolymer xanthan
gum. The use of both bacteria increases the unconfined compressive strength during the
curing time (until 180 days); regarding the use of urease and xanthan gum, the unconfined
compressive strength remains approximately constant for a curing time longer than 7-14
days. In terms of stiffness, the use of the bacteria Idiomarina insuliasalsae and urease result
in a better improvement, while the use of the bacteria Sporosarcina pasteurii and xanthan
gum has only a marginal effect on the stiffness.
Distrofia muscular de cinturas tipo 2C (LGMD2C)
Authors: Zuleta Alarcón Sandra Milena , Barajas Viracachá Norma Carolina
Published: January 2025

Introducción. Las distrofias musculares de cinturas son trastornos genéticamente heterogéneos, responsables de la atrofia muscular y de formas graves de distrofias que afectan al músculo esquelético, causando deterioro y pérdida de las fibras musculares, y que se manifiestan clínicamente con debilidad muscular de predominio proximal y en las cinturas escapular y pélvica, pérdida progresiva de la marcha einsuficiencia respiratoria y cardiaca en etapas avanzadas. La distrofia muscular de cinturas tipo 2C (LGMD2C), también conocida como gama-sarcoglicanopatía, es una distrofia muscular con herencia autosómica recesiva.
Presentación del caso. Niño de 10 años quien presentaba un cuadro clínico que inició dos años atrás y se caracterizaba por debilidad muscular proximal en miembros superiores e inferiores, hipotrofia de los músculos de la cintura escapular y pélvica, escoliosis, marcha anormal en punta de pies, retracción de isquiotibiales, dificultad para subir escaleras y pseudo hipertrofia de gastrocnemios. En los exámenes de laboratorio se encontró elevación de los niveles de creatina quinasa; el estudio de electromiografía mostró unidades motoras y reclutamiento con características anormales compatible con compromiso intrínseco del músculo; la panorámica de columna evidenció escoliosis, y los estudios de función pulmonar mostraron compromiso pulmonar en grado moderado. El estudio molecular detectó una variante patogénica en homocigosis en el gen SGCG c.848G>A p.Cys283Tyr asociada a LGMD2C, lo cual confirmó el diagnóstico del paciente.
Conclusiones. En pacientes con LGMD2C, aun cuando no existe un tratamiento curativo definitivo, se pueden implementar estrategias para mejorar la calidad de vida, las cuales se enfocan en hacer un seguimiento periódico e instaurar medidas de prevención de complicaciones osteomusculares, cardiacas y respiratorias, por lo que el manejo interdisciplinario es de vital importancia para el manejo de esta patología.
Diagnostics of budgetary sports institutions in the direction «Integrated security and anti-corruption»
Authors: Snytkin Dmitriy
Published: January 2025

The article shows the role of physical culture and sport as a state priority, names national goals and targets, on which the health and security of the nation will depend, as well as ensuring a comfortable and safe environment for life. The author’s definition of the system of efficiency of sports budget institutions, which is understood as an adaptive system with feedback connections consisting of subsystems, including a set of elements, performing certain functions in accordance with the requirements of the state task, Russian legislation, the needs of society in providing services in the field of physical culture and sports. Analysis and diagnosis of the activity of sports institutions in the direction «Integrated security and anti-corruption» was carried out. Multidimensional and diagnostic of the main directions related to safety in sports, identified problems requiring solutions. Attention is paid to the issues of ensuring anti-terrorist security of institutions. It is shown that an important role in the issues of anti-terrorist security is assigned to state administration and well-developed communications. The conclusion was drawn that it is necessary to eliminate existing problems, with a view to forming culture and values of healthy lifestyle as the basis for sustainable development of society. Effective horizontal communication and information exchange between the staff of the agencies is needed to ensure comprehensive security and fight against corruption. The current funding of sports institutions under the heading «Security» is insufficient to ensure the needs of institutions in technical safety equipment. To achieve the national development goals of the Russian Federation, these problems must be solved.
Transformation of the innovation ecosystem, taking into account the provision of economic security of the state
Authors: Kirillova Elena , Malevich Evgeny
Published: January 2025

It is proposed to evaluate the dynamics of changes in the state of participants in the innovation ecosystem and predict its transformation within the framework of this study on the basis of patent statistics. This approach to assessing and predicting the development of the innovation potential of the ecosystem makes it possible to prognostically identify imbalances in the resulting indicators of the functioning of innovative activities in the region and individual industrial and economic entities localized on its territory, "gaps" in the development of critical industries and changes in priority areas of scientific and technical development. The principle of openness of the innovation ecosystem helps to minimize the risk of loss of intellectual property rights. Within the framework of this study, the possibilities of using information on the results of intellectual activity to assess the dynamics of changes in the state of participants in the innovation ecosystem and forecasting its transformation within the framework of the state's economic security system are analyzed. The proposed model for assessing the dynamics of changes in the state of participants in the innovation ecosystem is described, which can be an effective practical tool.
Conceptual approaches to the development of a mechanism for ensuring economic security of the integration structure of partnership interaction of production units of the penal system with representatives of the business community in the implementation of projects for organizing the labor of convicts
Authors: Malukhov Beslan
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of substantiation of conceptual approaches to the development of a mechanism for ensuring economic security of the integration structure of partnership interaction of production units of the penal system with representatives of the business community in the implementation of projects for organizing the labor of convicts
Outlines of cooperation between the EAEU member states in the field of trade policy
Authors: Tkachenko Marina , Gribanich Vladimir
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the cooperation of the EAEU member states in the field of trade policy, taking into account their membership in the WTO. The authors assess the trade positions of the EAEU member states in the WTO, determine the similarities and differences in the formation of their agenda within the multilateral trading system, existing contradictions and barriers that create obstacles to the consolidation of the EAEU member states both within the WTO and in decision-making within the integration association
Impact of Branding Strategies on Consumer Behavior in Azerbaijan's Food Industry: An Evaluation of Demographic Factors
Authors: Guliyev Seymur
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact of branding strategies on consumer behavior within the context of demographic variables. The primary aim is to identify differences in consumer behavior based on demographics such as gender, age, monthly income, education level, cultural status, current employment status, and sector of employment. Data collected from randomly selected survey participants were analyzed using statistical methods, including T-tests and One-Way ANOVA. The findings reveal significant variations in consumer behavior across demographic factors. This research provides valuable insights into enhancing the effectiveness of branding strategies, particularly in Azerbaijan's food industry.
The mechanism of increasing the efficiency of economic activity in vertically integrated agro-industrial structures
Authors: Zvonareva Nataliya
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the organizational and economic mechanism for increasing the efficiency of economic activity of vertically integrated agro-industrial structures. It emphasizes the importance of vertical integration as a tool for reducing costs, optimizing production processes and improving coordination between different links of the production and distribution chain. The main tasks of vertically integrated agro-industrial structures, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as factors affecting their sustainability and efficiency are considered. The key elements of the efficiency improvement mechanism are organizational and economic measures, innovative technologies, as well as socio-ecological aspects. The article emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to managing vertically integrated agro-industrial structures in the context of a changing external environment, globalization and environmental challenges. Directions for further research are proposed, including the development of new methods for assessing efficiency and integration with small and medium enterprises.
COACHING AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR MANAGING SUBORDINATES
Authors: Merkulova Evgeniya
Published: January 2025

This article reveals the conceptual basis of coaching as an effective tool for managing subordinates, and substantiates the main advantages of applying the coaching approach in management. The concept of coaching and the conditions under which the application of coaching approach will be most effective are defined.
Labor productivity as a factor in ensuring economic security
Authors: Dli Maksim , Zhuzhgina Irina , Zedaina Anastasia
Published: January 2025

One of the key conditions for the existence of any state is economic security, which should be given special attention, especially in difficult modern conditions. One of the factors in ensuring economic security is labor productivity. This indicator allows for an assessment and comparative analysis of the efficiency of using economic resources. Based on the assessment of the degree of influence of various factors on the resulting indicator of labor productivity, authorities have the opportunity to control and adjust actions to ensure economic security.