bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overweight and prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Harborg Sixten , Zachariae Robert , Olsen Julia , Johannsen Maja , Cronin-Fenton Deirdre , Bøggild Henrik , Borgquist Signe
Published: September 2021

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association between overweight and outcome in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. We searched PubMed and Embase using variations of the search terms triple-negative breast cancer (population), overweight and/or obesity (exposure), and prognosis (outcome). Based on the World Health Organization guidelines for defining overweight, we included longitudinal observational studies, which utilized survival statistics with hazard ratios (HRs) in our analysis. The included studies measured body mass index at the time of diagnosis of TNBC and reported disease-free survival and/or overall survival. Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and study data were extracted using the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) checklist, independently by two authors. Random-effects models were used to combine the effect sizes (HRs), and the results were evaluated and adjusted for possible publication bias. Thirteen studies of 8,944 TNBC patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that overweight was associated with both shorter disease-free survival (HR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.09–1.46) and shorter overall survival (HR = 1.29; 95%CI: 1.11c1.51) compared to normal-weight. Additionally, our Bayesian meta-analyses suggest that overweight individuals are 7.4 and 9.9 times more likely to have shorter disease-free survival and overall survival, respectively. In conclusion, the available data suggest that overweight is associated with shorter disease-free and overall survival among TNBC patients. The results should be interpreted with caution due to possible publication bias.
Tunable Berry curvature and transport crossover in topological Dirac semimetal KZnBi
Authors: Song Junseong , Park Byung Cheol , Sim Kyung Ik , Bang Joonho , Kim Sunghun , Yang Zhuo , Kohama Yoshimitsu , Kim Yeongkwan , Kim Sung Wng
Published: September 2021

Topological Dirac semimetals have emerged as a platform to engineer Berry curvature with time-reversal symmetry breaking, which allows to access diverse quantum states in a single material system. It is of interest to realize such diversity in Dirac semimetals that provides insight on correlation between Berry curvature and quantum transport phenomena. Here, we report the transition between anomalous Hall and chiral fermion states in three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal KZnBi, which is demonstrated by tuning the direction and flux of Berry curvature. Angle-dependent magneto-transport measurements show that both anomalous Hall resistance and positive magnetoresistance are maximized at 0° between net Berry curvature and rotational axis. We find that the unexpected crossover of anomalous Hall resistance and negative magnetoresistance suddenly occurs when the angle reaches to ~70°, indicating that Berry curvature strongly correlates with quantum transports of Dirac and chiral fermions. It would be interesting to tune Berry curvature within other quantum phases such as topological superconductivity.
Towards a model for road runoff infiltration management
Authors: Maurer Loïc , Zumsteg Julie , Lutz Carole , Ottermatte Marie Pierre , Wanko Adrien , Heintz Dimitri , Villette Claire
Published: September 2021

In human society, there is a demand for sustainable solutions for water preservation and efficient treatment systems. An important water reservoir is road runoff defined as rainwater leaching from roads, loading micropollutants and infiltrating the soil. We aimed to study this poorly understood feature using large-scale metabolomic analysis coupled with analysis of soil physico-chemical properties and molecular chemical similarity enrichment. A total of 2406 micropollutants were assayed to understand their distribution and assess the trapping abilities of a road runoff infiltration system composed of a sedimentation pond and an infiltration pond. Here, we confirm the essential role of the infiltration pond in preventing environmental contamination and propose a model correlating micropollutant abundance and the soil physico-chemical properties. We demonstrate that sand in infiltration ponds is a key player, helping retain 86% of the micropollutant abundance and propose a model that could be easily applied for road runoff management.
Partial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana
Authors: Coleman Sylvester , Yihdego Yemane , Sherrard-Smith Ellie , Thomas Churcher S. , Dengela Dereje , Oxborough Richard M. , Dadzie Samuel K. , Boakye Daniel , Gyamfi Frank , Obiri-Danso Kwasi , Johns Ben , Siems Lilly V. , Lucas Bradford , Tongren Jon Eric , Zigirumugabe Sixte , Dery Dominic , Fornadel Christen , George Kristen , Belemvire Allison , Carlson Jenny , Irish Seth R. , Armistead Jennifer S. , Seyoum Aklilu
Published: September 2021

The scale up of indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide treated nets have contributed significantly to global reductions in malaria prevalence over the last two decades. However, widespread pyrethroid resistance has necessitated the use of new and more expensive insecticides for IRS. Partial IRS with pirimiphos-methyl in experimental huts and houses in a village-wide trial was evaluated against Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana. Four different scenarios in which either only the top or bottom half of the walls of experimental huts were sprayed, with or without also spraying the ceiling were compared. Mortality of An. gambiae s.l. on partially sprayed walls was compared with the standard procedures in which all walls and ceiling surfaces are sprayed. A small-scale trial was then conducted to assess the effectiveness, feasibility, and cost of spraying only the upper walls and ceiling as compared to full IRS and no spraying in northern Ghana. Human landing catches were conducted to estimate entomological indices and determine the effectiveness of partial IRS. An established transmission dynamics model was parameterized by an analysis of the experimental hut data and used to predict the epidemiological impact and cost effectiveness of partial IRS for malaria control in northern Ghana. In the experimental huts, partial IRS of the top (IRR 0.89, p = 0.13) or bottom (IRR 0.90, p = 0.15) half of walls and the ceiling was not significantly less effective than full IRS in terms of mosquito mortality. In the village trial, the annual entomological inoculation rate was higher for the unsprayed control (217 infective bites/person/year (ib/p/yr)) compared with the fully and partially sprayed sites, with 28 and 38 ib/p/yr, respectively. The transmission model predicts that the efficacy of partial IRS against all-age prevalence of malaria after six months would be broadly equivalent to a full IRS campaign in which 40% reduction is expected relative to no spray campaign. At scale, partial IRS in northern Ghana would have resulted in a 33% cost savings ($496,426) that would enable spraying of 36,000 additional rooms. These findings suggest that partial IRS is an effective, feasible, and cost saving approach to IRS that could be adopted to sustain and expand implementation of this key malaria control intervention.
A self-contained and self-explanatory DNA storage system
Authors: Li Min , Wu Jiashu , Dai Junbiao , Jiang Qingshan , Qu Qiang , Huang Xiaoluo , Wang Yang
Published: September 2021

Current research on DNA storage usually focuses on the improvement of storage density by developing effective encoding and decoding schemes while lacking the consideration on the uncertainty in ultra-long-term data storage and retention. Consequently, the current DNA storage systems are often not self-contained, implying that they have to resort to external tools for the restoration of the stored DNA data. This may result in high risks in data loss since the required tools might not be available due to the high uncertainty in far future. To address this issue, we propose in this paper a self-contained DNA storage system that can bring self-explanatory to its stored data without relying on any external tool. To this end, we design a specific DNA file format whereby a separate storage scheme is developed to reduce the data redundancy while an effective indexing is designed for random read operations to the stored data file. We verified through experimental data that the proposed self-contained and self-explanatory method can not only get rid of the reliance on external tools for data restoration but also minimise the data redundancy brought about when the amount of data to be stored reaches a certain scale.
Indications and outcomes for intravitreal injection of C3F8 gas for symptomatic vitreomacular traction
Authors: Guber Josef , Rusch Celine , Guber Ivo , Scholl Hendrik P. N. , Valmaggia Christophe
Published: September 2021

To evaluate the indications and outcomes of perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas injection for symptomatic vitreomacular traction (VMT). A retrospective analysis of eyes with VMT treated with 0.3 mL of C3F8 gas was performed. Patients were not asked to posture after gas injection. In phakic patients, cataract surgery was performed simultaneously. Patients were examined after one week and one month postoperatively. Twenty-nine consecutive eyes of 26 patients with symptomatic VMT who underwent pneumatic vitreolysis were included. A complete posterior vitreous detachment was achieved in 18 eyes (62.1%) after a single gas injection at the final visit. The rate of posterior vitreous detachment was reduced significantly with the presence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) (p = 0.003). Three eyes formed a macular hole (MH) postoperatively and another eye developed a retinal detachment. Mean visual acuity increased significantly after one month (p < 0.008). Pneumatic vitreolysis is a viable option for treating VMT with few adverse events. Patient with concomitant ERM had a significantly lower success rate.
Nano-patterning on multilayer MoS2 via block copolymer lithography for highly sensitive and responsive phototransistors
Authors: Park Heekyeong , Lee Jiyoul , Han Gyuchull , AlMutairi AbdulAziz , Kim Young-Hoon , Lee Jaichan , Kim Young-Min , Kim Young Jun , Yoon Youngki , Kim Sunkook
Published: September 2021

Indirect bandgap of multilayer molybdenum disulfide has been recognized as a major hindrance to high responsivity of MoS2 phototransistors. Here, to overcome this fundamental limitation, we propose a structural engineering of MoS2 via nano-patterning using block copolymer lithography. The fabricated nanoporous MoS2, consisting of periodic hexagonal arrays of hexagon nanoholes, includes abundant edges having a zigzag configuration of atomic columns with molybdenum and sulfur atoms. These exposed zigzag edges are responsible for multiple trap states in the bandgap region, as confirmed by photo-excited charge-collection spectroscopy measurements on multilayer nanoporous MoS2 phototransistors, showing that in-gap states only near the valence band can result in a photogating effect. The effect of nano-patterning is therefore to significantly enhance the responsivity of multilayer nanoporous MoS2 phototransistors, exhibiting an ultra-high photoresponsivity of 622.2 A W−1. Our nano-patterning of MoS2 for photosensing application paves a route to structural engineering of two-dimensional materials for highly sensitive and responsive optoelectronic devices.
Exploring the stability of the NHC–metal bond using thiones as probes
Authors: Ségaud Nathalie , Johnson Chloë , Farre Albert , Albrecht Martin
Published: September 2021

The stability of Arduengo-type N-heterocyclic carbenes and mesoionic triazolylidenes to a range of catalytically active metals was probed. Remarkably labile bonding was observed with some metals, which impacts mechanistic considerations in catalysis.
Crystallization of paracetamol from aqueous solutions in a planar oscillatory flow crystallizer: effect of the oscillation conditions on the nucleation kinetics
Authors: Cruz Patrícia , Rocha Fernando , Ferreira António
Published: September 2021

Nucleation kinetic data is reported for a planar oscillatory flow crystallizer.
Photoluminescence and magnetism integrated multifunctional black phosphorus probes through controllable PO bond orbital hybridization
Authors: Wu S. Y. , Qian R. L. , Ma C. L. , Shan Y. , Wu Y. J. , Wu X. Y. , Zhang J. L. , Zhu X. B. , Ji H. T. , Qu C. Y. , Hou F. , Liu L. Z.
Published: September 2021

Multifunctional probes with integrated photoluminescence and magnetism characteristics are synthesized, which are promising candidates for biomedical applications.
Preparation of FC(S)SF, FC(S)SeF and FC(Se)SeF through matrix photochemical reactions of F2 with CS2, SCSe, and CSe2
Authors: Bava Yanina B. , Cozzarín Melina V. , Della Védova Carlos O. , Willner Helge , Romano Rosana M.
Published: September 2021

Ar-matrix photochemical reactions of F2 with CS2, SCSe, and CSe2 lead to the novel pentaatomic molecules with a syn-anti conformational equilibrium, through the intermediation of the molecular complexes between the reactants.
Direct growth of two-dimensional phthalocyanine-based COF on Cu-MOF to construct a photoelectrochemical-electrochemical dual-mode biosensing platform for high-efficiency determination of Cr(iii)
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Chen Kun , Zhu Lei , Xu Miaoran , Song Yingpan , Zhang Zhihong , Du Miao
Published: September 2021

A two-dimensional phthalocyanine-based COF (CoPc-PT-COF) was in situ grown on a Cu-MOF substrate to construct a COF@MOF heterostructure as a biosensing platform.
Cation non-stoichiometry in Fe:SrTiO3 thin films and its effect on the electrical conductivity
Authors: Morgenbesser Maximilian , Taibl Stefanie , Kubicek Markus , Schmid Alexander , Viernstein Alexander , Bodenmüller Niklas , Herzig Christopher , Baiutti Federico , de Dios Sirvent Juan , Liedke Maciej Oskar , Butterling Maik , Wagner Andreas , Artner Werner , Limbeck Andreas , Tarancon Albert , Fleig Jürgen
Published: September 2021

The interplay of structure, composition and electrical conductivity was investigated for Fe-doped SrTiO3 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition.
Introduction to p-block Lewis acids in organic synthesis
Authors: Stephan Douglas W.
Published: September 2021

Guest editor Douglas Stephan introduces the Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry p-Block Lewis Acids in Organic Synthesis themed collection.
Total syntheses of (±)-penicibilaenes A and B via intramolecular aldol condensation
Authors: Matsuo Rintaro , Watanabe Ayumu , Kamo Shogo , Matsuzawa Akinobu , Sugita Kazuyuki
Published: September 2021

Concise total syntheses of penicibilaenes A and B were achieved via intramolecular aldol condensation and other key reactions.
Facile fluorene-based hole-transporting materials and their dual application toward inverted and regular perovskite solar cells
Authors: Hao Cen-rong , Zong Xueping , Cheng Yang , Zhao Mei , Luo Ming , Zhang Yantao , Xue Song
Published: September 2021

Spiro-structured molecules endowed with planar carbazole side-edges generated a PCE of over 16% in both inverted and regular PSCs.
Recent advances in understanding and relieving capacity decay of lithium ion batteries with layered ternary cathodes
Authors: Zhang JianHua , Jin YuHong , Liu JingBing , Zhang QianQian , Wang Hao
Published: September 2021

This review focuses on the capacity decay mechanism and enhancement strategies for layered ternary lithium ion batteries.
Using delaunay triangularization to characterize non-affine displacement fields during athermal, quasistatic deformation of amorphous solids
Authors: Jin Weiwei , Datye Amit , Schwarz Udo D. , Shattuck Mark D. , O'Hern Corey S.
Published: September 2021

Representation of the local strain field using Delaunay triangularization and the associated quadrupolar, non-affine displacement field for an amorphous solid undergoing athermal, quasistatic simple shear.
Phosphobisaromatic motifs enable rapid enzymatic self-assembly and hydrogelation of short peptides
Authors: Yi Meihui , Guo Jiaqi , He Hongjian , Tan Weiyi , Harmon Nya , Ghebreyessus Kesete , Xu Bing
Published: September 2021

Phosphonaphthyl (pNP) or phosphobiphenyl (pBP), acting as both the N-terminal capping group and the enzymatic trigger of short peptides, results in alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-catalyzed gelation (almost) instantly.
Oxytocin: much more than childbirth and milk letdown
Authors: Hollenberg Morley D.
Published: September 2021

This commentary deals with the new observations that dendritic cell (DC) oxytocin receptors play a role in the inflammatory response generated in murine animal models of colitis. The overview provides a context of the discovery of oxytocin (OT), its chemical synthesis and the cell biology of its neurohypophysial synthesis and secretion. This perspective provides insight and raises questions to be answered related to the impact of OT in the gastrointestinal tract and to further the exploration of OT as a potentially locally synthesised regulator of intestinal inflammatory pathophysiology.
Metamaterial‐based linear phased array antenna with improved wide‐angle scanning bandwidth by parasitic metal strips
Authors: Zhang Qi , Jiang Wen , Liu Peng , Wei Kun , Hu Wei , Gong Shuxi
Published: September 2021

Two metamaterial‐based linear phased array antennas with improved wide‐angle scanning bandwidth are designed in this study. Metamaterial antenna element consists of a metamaterial patch, periodic metal strips, distributed metal strips and slot coupling feeding structure. The bandwidth of the metamaterial antenna is improved by loading the periodic metal strips. Wide‐angle scanning bandwidth of arrays is attributed to the distributed metal strips. For an E‐plane array, the central element has a relative bandwidth of 30.0% (4.33‐5.86 GHz) for Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <2 and the main beam can scan up to ±70° with a gain fluctuation less than 3.3 dB. For an H‐plane array, the central element has a relative bandwidth of 26.2% (4.41–5.74 GHz) for VSWR <2 and the main beam can scan up to ±70° with a gain fluctuation less than 2.5 dB. Two 7‐element linear phased array antennas are fabricated to verify the scanning performance. The measured and simulation results are in good agreement. The proposed antennas can be promising candidates for C‐band radar and satellite communication.
Key generation schemes for channel authentication in quantum key distribution protocol
Authors: Borodin Mikhail , Zhilyaev Andrey , Urivskiy Alexey
Published: September 2021

Quantum key distribution (QKD) systems enable secure key generation between two parties. Such systems require an authenticated classical channel for QKD protocols to work. Usually, the initial authentication key for this channel is pre‐shared. In this work, methods that are used to renew the pre‐shared keys ensuring a high level of security and performance for the subsequent quantum key generation are discussed. The model of QKD systems in terms of the lifecycle of the keys is formalised and a full set of parameters that can be used for key renewal functions is described. A detailed adversary model allows us to compare key renewal schemes by the probabilities of successful attacks and their consequences. As a result, it is shown that a hybrid key renewal scheme, which uses both the auxiliary pre‐shared key and a part of the quantum sequence, has the higher security properties among considered schemes and is recommended to be used in QKD systems.
Maser emission from the CO envelope of the asymptotic giant branch star W Hydrae
Authors: Vlemmings W. H. T. , Khouri T. , Tafoya D.
Published: September 2021

Context.Observation of CO emission around asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars is the primary method to determine gas mass-loss rates. While radiative transfer models have shown that molecular levels of CO can become mildly inverted, causing maser emission, CO maser emission has yet to be confirmed observationally.

Aims.High-resolution observations of the CO emission around AGB stars now have the brightness temperature sensitivity to detect possible weak CO maser emission.

Methods.We used high angular resolution observations taken with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to observe the small-scale structure of COJ= 3−2 emission around the oxygen-rich AGB star W Hya.

Results.We find CO maser emission amplifying the stellar continuum with an optical depthτ≈−0.55. The maser predominantly amplifies the limb of the star because COJ= 3−2 absorption from the extended stellar atmosphere is strongest towards the centre of the star.

Conclusions.The CO maser velocity corresponds to a previously observed variable component of high-frequency H2O masers and with the OH maser that was identified as the amplified stellar image. This implies that the maser originates beyond the acceleration region and constrains the velocity profile since we find the population inversion primarily in the inner circumstellar envelope. We find that inversion can be explained by the radiation field at 4.6 μm and that the existence of CO maser emission is consistent with the estimated mass-loss rates for W Hya. However, the pumping mechanism requires a complex interplay between absorption and emission lines in the extended atmosphere. Excess from dust in the circumstellar envelope of W Hya is not sufficient to contribute significantly to the required radiation field at 4.6 μm. The interplay between molecular lines that cause the pumping can be constrained by future multi-level CO observations.
The study of multivariance in realization of the plum graft and rootstock combinations adaptivity systems to the changing conditions of environment in the Krasnodar region with the use of digital technologies
Authors: Dragavtseva Irina , Kuznetsova Anna , Savin Igor , Klyukina Anna
Published: September 2021

The study of rootstocks group, providing the average vigor of growth for the grafted fruit plants, discovered their significant influence on the frost hardiness of the “graft-rootstock” system. The adaptivity of the plum varieties in the different graft and rootstock combinations was studied according to the “frost hardiness” criterion in the stages of the winter and spring development of the flower buds. The computer maps of the plum efficient allocation were created on the studied rootstocks, permitting to lay down the plantings with the lesser risks in the terms of climate fluctuation. It was established, that in the south of Russia the climatic conditions to cultivate Stanley variety on PK SK 1 rootstock, as compared with the rootstock of cherry plum seedling, mostly often used in industrial plantings of plum are mostly favorable. The conducted research contributes to isolation and allocation of the most adaptive graft and rootstock combinations based on their frost hardiness and, consequently, regularity of fruit-bearing and yielding capacity.
Formation of adaptive responses of grapes to the action of abiotic stressors of the winter period
Authors: Nenko Natalia , Kiseleva Galina , Ilina Irina , Sokolova Viktoria , Zaporozhets Natalia
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this work is to study the formation of adaptive reactions of grapes to the action of stressors of the winter period, by physiological and biochemical parameters, to identify varieties that have increased adaptive abilities for use in breeding. Objects of research are grape varieties of different origins: Kristall (control), Dostoynyi, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg, Aligote, Zarif. It was revealed that the increased resistance to winter stress conditions in the varieties Kristall, Dostoyny is achieved by a decrease in the water content of the buds by 9.09-10.40 %. In the varieties Vostorg, Dostoyny, Krasnostop AZOS adaptive resistance is achieved by increasing the starch content in the tissues of the shoots by 2.81-5.50 times in the pre-winter period. In varieties Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg an important contribution to the formation of adaptive processes was made by water-soluble sugars, the content of which increased 2.82 and 2.89 times as a result of starch hydrolysis. An increase in the activity of peroxidase (2.49-2.75 times) indicated the instability of varieties Zarif, Aligote. Varieties Vostorg, Dostoynyi, Krasnostop AZOS have increased adaptive abilities in comparison with other studied varieties and are recommended for use in the breeding process.
Phenotypic diversity of apricot cultivars derived from of Shalakh variety
Authors: Anatov Dzhalaludin , Osmanov Ruslan
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of the pomological study of the cultivars of apricot derived from of Shalakh variety. The results of the analysis showed the presence of prevailing features of transmitted offspring from the desired variety. The best inheritability of the features of the Shalakh was traits of symmetry of fruit and stone (100%), form hole shape of stone (100%), shape of apex of stone (100%), keel character of stone (100%), depth of stalk cavity of fruit (88.9%), shape of stone base (88.9%), stone thickness (77.8%), lateral ribs type of stone (77.8%). The oblongness of the fruit and stone has poor or almost is not transmitted to the offspring from the Shalakh.
Assessment of strawberry varieties by anthracnose resistance gene
Authors: Lyzhin Alexander , Luk’yanchuk Irina
Published: September 2021

The results of marker-assisted identification of the Rca2 anthracnose resistance gene in promising strawberry varieties were shown. The DNA marker STS-Rca2_240, linked to the Rca2 anthracnose resistance allele was identified in varieties Albion and Aprica (F. × ananassa), and variety Dar (F. × anashata). Strawberry varieties Alpha, Bereginya, Kokinskaya Zarya, Pamyati Zubova, Rubinovy kaskad, Slavutich, Yuniol, Big King, Brilla, Joly, Rumba and Vivara are characterized by the absence of the marker STS-Rca2_240. In strawberry varieties with the identified marker STS-Rca2_240 (Dar, Albion and Aprica), the Rca2 gene can be in a dominant homozygous or heterozygous state, which makes it possible to recommend these genotypes for use in breeding for anthracnose resistance.
Biochemical characteristics of roots and quality of own-rooted planting material of grape varieties tolerant to phylloxera when using biologically active substances and hormones
Authors: Kazakhmedov Ramidin , Magomedova Marina
Published: September 2021

The aim of the research is to conduct a comparative assessment of the biochemical status of roots and the influence of physiologically active compounds on the formation of the root system of phylloxera-tolerant grape varieties. It was established, that the hormonal status and the content of BAS in the root system of phylloxera-tolerant varieties of interspecific origin are different. It is assumed that the different survival rate of cuttings of V. vinifera L. varieties and varieties of interspecific origin are due to different hormonal status, in particular, the level of endogenous auxins and the degree of gene expression, including exogenous use of auxin drugs. On varieties of interspecific origin, with the non-root use of a solution of FAS based on cytokinin, auxin and trophic factor, in a ratio of 10:1:25, the formation of a powerful root system, an increase in the number of heel roots and the number of roots with a large diameter, an increase in the trophic potential of the elements of the root system compared with the pre-planting use of auxin preparation (NUC) is observed. this will contribute to the better development and early fruiting of root-related plants in the following years.
Efficiency of using biostimulants Agrinos 1 and Agrinos 2 in adaptation of microplants of garden strawberry to ex vitro conditions
Authors: Karpushina Marina , Winter Marina , Yaroshenko Olesya
Published: September 2021

This article presents the results of experimental studies of the effect of biostimulants Agrinos 1 and Agrinos 2, containing strains of microorganisms Azotobacter vinelandii and Clostridium pasteurinum, etc., as well as a complex of nutrients (macro-, microelements, protein, amino acids, chitin, chitosan) on the activation of metabolic processes and reduction of stress effects on strawberry plants obtained by in vitro method. The effectiveness of the reaction of biostimulants on the adaptive processes of growth and development of microplants of garden strawberry varieties Alba, Kemiya, Clery has been studied. In the course of the research, a positive effect of biological products on the growth of the vegetative mass of plants was established: an increase in the height of the plants compared to the control by 20-25%, the number of leaves by 25-28% and an increase in the root system of plants by 30-40%. In the Clery variety, the use of the biostimulants promoted the formation of the runners. In addition, the introduction of biostimulants into the soil contributed to the improvement of the quality indicators of the soil. The content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil increased by 18%.
New fungicides for protecting vines infected with downy mildew
Authors: Dolzhenko Viktor , Kungurtseva Olga , Revkova Maria , Yurchenko Yevgenia , Aleynikova Natalia
Published: September 2021

This research paper presents the findings concerning the effectiveness of utilizing Pergado Zoks water dispersible granule (WDG) and Zorvec Encantia suspo-emulsion (SE) fungicides to protect grapevines against downy mildew. It shows that double or triple treatment of vines provides strong protection of the plants against the disease without adversely affecting vegetative growth of the crop. It has been proven that effective protection of vines against downy mildew through the use of Pergado Zoks WDGs and Zorvec Encantia SE has allowed for ensuring high crop-saving rate (up to 140%) as compared to control.
Possibility of biologizing technology for protecting apple and plum trees based on the use of inorganic copper compounds
Authors: Yakuba Galina , Mishchenko Irina , Yakuba Yuri
Published: September 2021

The effectiveness of inorganic copper compounds on apple and plum trees under extreme weather conditions in 2018-2020 has been evaluated. Fungicides Koside 2000, VDG and Champ DP, VDG controlled apple scab by 98-99.6%, preparations Cuproxat, KS and Terpen C, KS blocked plum clotterosporiasis by 85.1-100%. The use of these fungicides did not have a negative effect on the biochemical composition of the fruit. Significant differences between the variants were found in the content of potassium and calcium cations, on the drain, in addition, in the content of sodium and magnesium cations. The possibility of biologization of protection technologies has been established: the use of the fungicide Champ DP, VDG on the apple tree, the replacement of Abiga-Peak, VS on the drain with preparations with lower consumption rates – Kuproksat, KS and Terpen C, KS. This ensures a reduction in the pesticide load on the environment, a decrease in the risk of resistance and the damaging effect of fungicides on trees weakened by stress.
Antifungal activity of microbiological drugs in relation to pathogens from the genus Fusarium Link
Authors: Astapchuk Irina , Nasonov Andrei
Published: September 2021

As a result of studying the antifungal activity of biological drugs against fungi of the genus Fusarium, causative agents of rot of roots and fruits of the apple tree, both weak and very strong mycoparasitism were noted, but in most variants of the experiment, competition for area of nutrition prevailed. Under the influence of some drugs, the shape, edge and color of the fungus colony changed. In general, for the entire sample of pathogens, the best bioagents were antagonists of the drug Trichocin, WP, which suppressed all 5 strains with Biological efficiency (BE) 50-90 % and showed hyperparasitism in 1 strain; and the drug Alirin B, WP, which inhibited the growth of 3 strains with BE 56-85 %, showing antibiosis or fungistatic antibiotic antagonism with the formation of a “sterile” zone.
Soil health is the basis of organic agriculture
Authors: Tomashevich Natalia , Bondarchuk Elena , Asaturova Angela
Published: September 2021

The biologization of agriculture is a topical issue both in Russia and in the world. The objective of the presented experiment was to confirm the positive effect biopreparations treatment of the fruit crops on the soil microbiota. As a result, in soil samples selected depend on the intensity of chemical fungicides application, from 1.15 x 104 to 1.23 x 104 CFU of micromycetes in one gram of absolutely dry soil were isolated. It was found that the largest amount of potentially pathogenic fungi was isolated in a soil sample cultivated using only chemical preparations - 20.5% of the total number of colonies. In the variant with the inclusion of biopreparation in the technology – from 7.2% to 11.0% of potentially pathogenic fungi of the total number of micromycetes. The most common among potentially pathogenic micromycetes were fungi of the genus Fusarium spp. Fungi of the genus Trichoderma were detected in all variants – not exceed 10% in the total number of micromycetes.
Grape pomace as a promising source of biologically valuable components
Authors: Tikhonova Anastasia , Ageeva Natalia , Globa Ekaterina
Published: September 2021

Experimental data on the content of biologically valuable components in grape pomace are presented. The presence of organic acids was revealed in an amount from 33.35 g/kg (Saperavi) to 108.2 g/kg (Rebo). The main acid is tartaric. Phenolic compounds have been identified: anthocyanins, flavones, flavan-3-ols, oxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids, procyanidins. The main anthocyanins found in grape pomace are the 3-O-glycosides of malvidin, petunidin, cyanidin, peonidin and delphinidin. The highest total content of hydroxybenzoic acids was in the pomace of Pinot Noir grapes – 720 mg/kg, further in descending order of concentration followed by pomace from Saperavi grapes (708 mg/kg), Cabernet Sauvignon (681 mg/kg), Merlot (575 mg/kg) and Rebo (545 mg/kg). The highest total content of vitamins was found in the pomace of Rebo grapes – 639 mg/kg, the lowest – Merlot (471 mg/kg). In all samples, vitamin B1 prevails, then in decreasing order – ascorbic acid, vitamins B2, B3, B5, B7. Moreover, their concentrations vary significantly depending on the grape variety from which the pomace is obtained. The influence of the grape variety on the content of these biologically valuable components in the pomace has been established, which must be taken into account in the production of biologically active substances that increase the nutritional status of a person.
Research of mechanisms of transformation and removal of antibiotics from wine by sorbents of different nature
Authors: Antonenko Mikhail , Guguchkina Tatiana , Antonenko Olga , Abakumova Alla , Khrapov Anton
Published: September 2021

On the basis of own research, the authors experimentally confirmed the reliability of the hypothesis expressed in the scientific literature about the possibility of effective removal of nisin and natamycin from wines and wine materials. New knowledge has been obtained about the possible mechanisms of sorption of nisin and natamycin through the use of sorbents of various nature. Comparative experimental data on the interaction of sorbents with antibiotics in wines are presented. In this work, experimental data are presented that indicate different efficiency of antibiotic removal during wine processing, which is due to the structure and properties of sorbents. It has been shown that the sorption capacity of sorbents for natamycin and nisin decreases in the series: activated carbon, bentonite, and colloidal silicon dioxide. Mathematical models have been obtained for decontamination of antibiotics from wine production using sorbents of various nature.
Biotechnological processes for regulating the quality and safety of wine products
Authors: Sheludko Olga , Ageeva Nataliya
Published: September 2021

The production of a competitive wine industry in Russia is an important task for the successful development of the country’s agro-industrial complex. The purpose of this research is to consider the ways of harmonious development of competitive Russian winemaking, based on the advanced bioecotechnologies of developed countries. This paper presents biotechnological processes and classes of enzymes or individual representatives. Established that both the enzymes of the grape and the enzyme systems of wine yeast are involved in the processes of wine production. During delivery of grapes for processing, means of inactivation of the activity of oxidative enzymes such as sulfur dioxide, liquid nitrogen, carbon dioxide should be used. Improvement and acceleration of clarification of grape must have to be done with the use of pectinesterases, polymethylgalacturonases, polygalacturonases, pectin transeliminases. In order to obtain wines stability to protein turbidity, the use of the technology of two-stage fermentation with deep protein transformation is recommended. Depending on the tasks of malolactic fermentation (MF) or its prevention, yeast strains that prevent the development of MF and strains that support the development of MF have been isolated. A relationship between the content of various groups of phenolic compounds and the activity of MF was established.
Developing Safe Foods as a Competitive Mechanism
Authors: Vasyukova Anna , Alekseev Alexander , Moshkin Alexander , Bondarenko Yuri , Tytar Vladimir
Published: September 2021

This article presents the results of a study of safety indicators, nutritional value and sales of bakery products obtained using progressive baking technologies. The purpose of the research is to determine the feasibility of production and sale of bakery products made using improved technologies, and to ensure the safety of products. The methods used in commodity science determined the quality indicators of bakery products, established the terms of implementation and indicators of food safety. Marketing studies of the use of malt preparations in dough science have shown a limited range of malts: fermented rye malt, roasted malt flour and malt extract. The market for bakery products of large retail chains and holdings, mini-bakeries and bakeries selling this group of food products is limited. Consumers aged 18 to 35 are in demand for the certain indicators of the quality of bread, characteristic of the types of used malt: soy, pea, triticale, rye, wheat, and barley. Bread and bakery products in the process of fermentation of dough and baking acquire non-traditional organoleptic characteristics inherent in legumes and cereals. Each developed type of bread and buns has found its consumer with specific, individual preferences.
Study of Parameters Affecting Temperature of Journal Bearing and Shaft in Sugar Mill
Authors: Sirivedin Kumpanat , Choojit Keittipong
Published: September 2021

In the sugar mill machine, equipment is operated under high temperature. This high temperature will affect to the roller shaft and journal bearing. Additionally, the equipment damages could be caused by the various factors that affected directly to roller shaft and journal bearing. In this research, the operations of equipments were modelled using the finite element analysis program (FEA), to determine the maximum temperature of the roller shaft and journal bearing after a specified period of time. An experiment with the physical roller shaft and journal bearing was carried out to obtain the actual temperature readings. Verification of the simulated results was performed by comparing the simulated values with the actual values obtained in the experiment. According to this research, the monitored parameters affected temperature and damages of the shaft and bearings during pressing oil from the hydraulic top cap. Finally, this research applied the FEA in conjunction with engineering and environmental management in sugar factory to reduces machine damange and to save energy during sugar mill operation.
The Mechanical Properties of Oil Palm by Using Semi-Damp Dryer
Authors: Wannapakhe Sakultala , Booddachan Khridsadakhon
Published: September 2021

Hot air drying of palm fruit is a simple method but results in low grade palm oil. The steaming of palm fruit results in high grade palm oil but it requires a wastewater treatment process. Both methods have both advantages and disadvantages, therefore if they were combined, it can result in the better grades of oil, which should be encouraged for farmers in Thailand to apply. This research aimed to determine mechanical characteristics of semi-damp dryer for oil palm. The results of a compression and relative humidity tests were used as the criteria for the tests. The oil palm semi-damp dryer was used in this research. The oil palm semi-damp dryer used the aerosolized technique with 100 °C hot water as a sprayer and a humidifier for the oil palm in the dryer. The purpose was to reduced palm fruit hardness. The study use tenera palm from Prachinburi province and neighborhood of Thailand. The drying time for testing was 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours. The temperature for testing was 70, 90 and more than 100 °C. The results of the compression force of oil palm by using a semi-damp dryer were lower than using a hot air drying. The compression was lower than using hot air drying. The best of mechanical characteristics palm was baking with semi-damp dry at 90 °C in 3 hours. Compression force was 0.675 kN and relative humidity value was 57.18%. The palm oil was tested for the %FFA and DOBI and showed that the grade of palm oil by using semi-damp drying was fair but still edible grade.
Effect of protein and prebiotic on the survival of encapsulated probiotic during storage
Authors: Apiwattanasiri Patchanok , Charoen Ratchanee , Phattayakorn Kriangkrai , Jantrasee Sakwiboon , Savedboworn Wanticha
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of encapsulation system on its protective capability during freeze drying of Lactobacillus casei TISTR 1463 and its storage at 4˚C and 30˚C for 90 and 60 days, respectively. Sericin extract is a kind of protein with gel-like property that could aid in binding and also contains important amino acids. The combinations of sericin and prebiotics, including isomaltooligosaccharide and modified starch were evaluated during microencapsulation of probiotic L. casei TISTR 1463 in alginate beads. The highest encapsulation efficiency was 97.61% with the addition of sericinisomalto-oligosaccharide. Encapsulated probiotic with sericin-modified starch had the lowest specific rate of degradation (k) of 3.74x10-2 day-1 and 1.09x10-1 day-1 at both storage temperatures of 4˚C and 30˚C, respectively. Probiotic property of cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) was also carried out.
Use of waste mushroom beds for the production of value-added biodegradable fiber sheet
Authors: Suksai Walaiporn , Chuensangjun Chaniga , Wongsa Jittimon , Rungsardthong Vilai , Vatanyoopaisarn Savitri , Thumthanaruk Benjawan , Yeetsorn Rungsima , Lamsal Buddhi P.
Published: September 2021

This research focused on the utilization of waste mushroom beds (WMB) after the harvesting of oyster (WMB-O) and lingzhi mushrooms (WMB-L) for the preparation of eco-friendly materials, fiber sheets. The WMB were sterilized and determined for their chemical compositions. The dry fiber of the sterilized WMB were pretreated by a steam explosion, comparing with alkaline pretreatment before the fiber sheet forming process. The results showed that f-cellulose contents of the WMB were in the range of 27-35% by dry weight basis. The fiber from WMB-L treated by alkaline at 13.5% w/w of NaOH for 120 min showed better fiber sheet appearance, compared to the steam explosion. Afterward, tapioca starch was added as a natural binder during the fiber sheet forming and their physical properties were determined. The analytical results indicated that an increase of NaOH concentration in the pretreatment led to an increase in the toughness and water absorption of the fiber sheet. The additional tapioca starch promoted the interaction between cellulose fiber networks, corresponding to the decrease of water absorption and a compressed appearance after water immersion. These finding results disclosed a potential use of the WMB as ecofriendly materials, e.g. biodegradable packaging, packing materials, cultivation vase in the future.
Study on the effects of green-based plant extracts and water-proofers as anti-corrosion agents for steel-reinforced concrete slabs
Authors: Bhattarai Jagadeesh , Somai Madan , Acharya Nirmal , Giri Ajaya , Roka Akash , Phulara Nav Raj
Published: September 2021

Widespread applications of reinforced concrete structures have been practiced since the 20thcentury because of their excellent properties despite their early corrosion degradation. For the control of such a problem, a design strategy of corrosion-resistant environments of the reinforced concrete structures is highly desirable for extending of a lifetime. The present research work was focused to investigate the effects of the green plant extract-based inhibitors fromVitex negundoandCatharanthus roseusleaves, and one waterproofing chemical (PtS) for controlling the corrosion susceptibility of concrete rebar using a half-cell potential method following the ASTM C876-91 standard. Both plant extracts have good anti-corrosion properties, and hence could be applied as green concrete additives to increase the corrosion resistance of the steel reinforcing bars. The anti-corrosion performance of the steel rebars in concrete is remarkably higher with the additions of 1000 and 2000 ppm plant extracts than the additions of waterproofing chemicals used, based on the shifting of corrosion potential (ϕcorr.) values to a more positive direction than −126 mV (SCE). The results agreed that both the plant extracts could be promising for the formulation of effective, ecofriendly anti-corrosion additives to delay the corrosion susceptibility of the concrete infrastructures.
Nuclear Physics. The Societal Impact – A project for Greece?
Authors: Alamanos Nicolas
Published: September 2021

Answers to some of the most important questions that our world is facing out, will come from interdisciplinary efforts in medicine, energy and climate. These are involving contributions from fundamental research and in particular from nuclear physics and associated techniques. From the different types of radiation used in hospitals to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), nuclear physics and its associated technologies that is accelerators and superconducting magnets are omnipresent. The development of new radioisotope production techniques, therapy of certain cancers with ions and hadron therapy or high field MRI are among the subjects undergoing rapid development. Furthermore, archaeometry and many other societal applications are also benefited from the techniques of nuclear physics. My presentation in the 6th workshop of the Hellenic Institute of Nuclear Physics (HINP) was focused on the links between fundamental research and society and was partially inspired by an article I have published in 2020 on this subject [1]. In the last part of my presentation, I have brushed up the situation concerning the construction of low energy accelerator facilities worldwide. The construction of new accelerator installations is going through a flourishing period in particular in Europe with the construction of new accelerators dedicated to fundamental research in Nuclear Physics, to neutron production and to societal applications. This favourable climate could motivate the Hellenic nuclear physics community to design a new accelerator facility dedicated to fundamental research, neutron production and to the multiple applications of nuclear physics techniques to societal problems. Its construction could benefit from European funds and technical contributions from many European countries like France or Italy.