bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Source of K-Feldspars and Kaolinitization in Arkoses of West and Central Bohemian Continental Permo–Carboniferous
Authors: Jiránek Jiří , Klomínský Josef , Jiránková Jana
Published: March 2022

The examined K-feldspars in arkoses of the continental Upper Carboniferous – Lower Permian of the West and Central Bohemian basins originated in the whole bed sequence (Duckmantian to Autunian; 314.2–297.1 Ma) from one source, which were so-called mountain granites of the older intrusive complex (OIC) of the Krušné hory Mts, as confirmed by the X-ray and geochemical analyses. The presence of feldspar clasts from other granitoids (Merklín and Louny massifs) was found only in the straight transgreding basal Carboniferous rocks. While other arkoses underwent synsedimentary and/or post-sedimentary kaolinization, in the deposits of Kaznějov and Horní Bříza (Nýřany Member of the Kladno Formation) pre-sedimentary kaolinization (sedimentation of sandstones and conglomerates with kaolinitic cement) occurred.
Renarrating the “western territories:” training programs for college students in China’s Far West
Authors: Cappelletti Alessandra
Published: March 2022

This paper shows how history is rewritten in China by shaping the memories of its youth, who create new communities by sharing and renarrating new memories. They can become a powerful channel to convey an official interpretation of local histories to a larger public, by marginalizing and appropriating local narratives. The idea behind the program for voluntary narrators under analysis

“Explaining Dunhuang – 2019 University students’ summer programme to become voluntary narrator at Mogao grottoes”. The original name of the program in Chinese is Jieshuo Dunhuang – 2019Mogao ku gaoxiao shuqi zhiyuan jiangjieyuan解说敦煌·2019莫高窟高校暑期志愿讲解员.

is to shape memories of China’s young and wealthy students about a place, by transforming its rich cross-cultural fundamentals, symbolic and inner meanings, into a representation of the Nation, able to convey powerful declinations of official narratives on the history of China. The analysis is conducted in consideration of the larger context of the construction and transmission of the official discourse on national identity in contemporary PRC. Specifically, the author provides evidence of how young Chinese internalize and disseminate the party line on Chineseness, and the subordinate role assigned within this process to “minorities.” Minorities are seen both as a threat and an opportunity: a threat to the Party and social cohesion as carriers of diverse identities, an opportunity for contrasting Chineseness with the Other, a backward entity, inadequate and unable to embrace—if not help—the path to modernity.
Experimental and theoretical behavior of cementitious plates containing ethylene vinyl acetate reinforced with glass woven fabric under impact load
Authors: Dogan Ali , Karaca Nurullah
Published: March 2022

The paper is an analysis of the experimental and theoretical behavior of cementitious plate containing waste ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) with and without reinforcement with glass fiber woven fabric (GFRP) under low-velocity impact load effect. Cementitious plates of 150 mm × 150 mm size and three different thicknesses (15 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm) are produced by replacing the cement mixture aggregate with EVA at 0%, 18%, 32%, 45%, and 56% by volume of aggregate. Then, the cementitious plates are coated with GFRP using vacuum infusion method. The effect of EVA and GRFP coatings on the dynamic impact behavior of cementitious plates is investigated by applying a low-velocity impact test on the produced cementitious plates with an impactor of 18 mm diameter, 10.50 kg weight, and 500 mm height. The data obtained from the experimental results are analyzed based on the mass-plate theory, lightweight (LWC) and normal weight (NWC) concrete, and the consistency of the theoretical results with the experimental results is compared. It has been determined that the use of NWC is more suitable for cementitious plates with an EVA replacement rate in the range of 0–32%, while the use of LWC offers more optimum results if the EVA ratio is in the range of 32–56%. Especially when the EVA displacement exceeds 32%, it causes excessive void formation in the structure, resulting in a reduction in the dynamic impact loads of cementitious plates. GFRP coating with vacuum infusion method is not recommended for cementitious plate structures when the EVA replacement rate exceeds 32% by volume of aggregate.
The Boundaries of Scientific Innovation in the EU Green Deal Context
Authors: Ruse Aija , Pubule Jelena
Published: March 2022

The dynamics of global energy and climate agenda progresses rapidly. The European Union has frequently taken an active role in international climate policy by developing relevant strategies in as early as the nineties the last century, and today promoting an ambitious EU Green Deal to become climate neutral by 2050. However, despite its ambition and recent success in meeting most 2020 goals, the EU does not have an easy schedule to progress on its climate and energy targets for 2030. Recognizing the transition, one of the scientific excellences European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) published the first environmental report in the beginning of 2020. Through a wide range of environmental activities and clearly disseminated targets, this organisation actually brought to the table a discourse on how scientific organisation can be part of EU Green Deal actions and how to perform research within the scope of the environmental context. This article focuses on two concepts to contribute to larger discussions in both the research and governance communities, how researchers should conduct their science, and what respective responsibilities of researchers, their institutes, have in terms of European environmental policy. Literature was reviewed to find a theoretical approach to the environment, responsible innovation and science diplomacy. The research was developed through literature study to identify and describe the respective indicators as well as through an analysis of secondary sources whereby a previous attempt to collect and analyse other sources had been conducted by scholars in respect to the relationship between innovation and the environment.
Karakter Animasi Sebagai Pembawa Acara Pada Penyutradaraan Program Magazine Show “PET HOUSE” (Episode “CAT LOVERS)
Authors: Siregar Sabrina Azalia , Setyawan Deddy , Atmani Agnes Karina Pritha
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK            Program televisi “Pet House” adalah sebuah program magazine show yang bertemakan hewan peliharaan dengan memfokuskan satu episode hanya dengan satu hewan peliharaan yang dibahas. Episode yang akan diproduksi kali ini ialah kucing. Adapun alasan dipilihnya kucing karena ketertarikan terhadap hewan peliharaan khususnya kucing dan kucing termasuk hewan peliharaan yang sering ditemui di lingkungan sekitar.            Program televisi magazine “Pet House” dikemas dalam enam rubrik yang   menarik   yaitu “Pet Story”, “Pet Profile”, “Pet Show”, “Pet Idol”, “Tanya Sobat” dan “Tips and Trick”. Setiap rubrik tersebut memberikan informasi menggunakan karakter animasi sebagai pembawa acara. Karakter animasi bertujuan untuk mengenalkan dunia hewan khususnya kucing lebih mendalam dengan bahasa yang ringan dan tampilan yang menarik minat penonton terutama anak dan remaja. Karakter animasi diperankan oleh Love Bird bernama Iboy. Love bird dipilih karena memiliki warna cantik yaitu hijau dan kuning. Love bird juga dipilih karena memiliki karakter jinak, mudah beradaptasi, dan pintar.Kata Kunci:  Magazine Show, Hewan Peliharaan, Kucing, dan Karakter Animasi ABSTRACTThe "Pet House" television program is a pet themed magazine program with focus only on one pet for one episode. Cat is chosen for the main theme for this first episode. There are some reasons behind choosing cat as the main theme on this episode, simply because the interest of this animal as a pet and cat is one of the most popular pet in the neighborhood and surrounding environment. The television magazine program "Pet House" is packaged in six interesting sections, there are "Pet Story", "Pet Profile", "Pet Show", "Pet Idol", "Ask a Friend" and "Tips and Trick". Each session provides information using animated characters as emcees. The animated character aims to introduce the animal world, especially cats, to a deeper level with light language and a display that attracts the attention of the audience, especially children and adolescents. The animated character played by Love Bird, named Iboy. Love bird was chosen because it has beautiful colors, green and yellow. Love bird was also chosen because it is tame, adaptable, and smart characters.
Pemaknaan Konsep Suara Cross Over Diegetic Dan Lack Of Fidelity Berdasarkan Teori Semiotika John Fiske Pada Film Apocalypse Now (1979)
Authors: Nursyifa Ulfa Huwaida , Sulistiyono Arif , Prasetyowati Raden Roro Ari
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK  Keunggulan tata suara Film Apocalypse Now ada pada kemajuan teknologi 5.1 (stereo surround) pertama kali, kemegahan suara dari suara sintetis, konsep suara yang variatif. Dengan demikian, mendukung jalannya penelitian khususnya pada konsep suara cross over diegetic dan lack of fidelity. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang menjabarkan analisis ke dalam data berupa gambar, tabel, dan kata-kata. Selanjutnya mengobservasi data pada film, menganalisis unsur suara yang membangun konsep tersebut dengan memerhatikan ruang diegetic dan non diegetic, kemudian identifikasi makna berdasarkan teori semiotika John Fiske. Hasil kajian ditemukan turunan  konsep baru dari konsep cross over diegetic yakni suara yang berangkap peran. Pemaknaan konsep suara cross over diegetic dan lack of fidelity memaknai subjektivitas karakter dari level representasi, pada level ideologi konsep ini cenderung menguak sisi Amerika, meliputi karakter, kemiliteran, kelas sosial.  Kata Kunci : Film "Apocalypse Now", Cross Over Diegetic, Lack of Fidelity, Semiotika John Fiske
EFEKTIVITAS BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK ROLE PLAYING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DISKALKULIA
Authors: Eska Ayu Nursalamah  , Mulyani Mulyani
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui motivasi belajar siswa diskalkulia sebelum diberi layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing, sesudah diberi layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing dan efektif atau tidaknya layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa diskalkulia.

Sebagai populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII di SMP IT Daar Al-Faradis Berbasis Pesantren Adiwerna Kabupaten Tegal sebanyak 31 siswa. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel diambil sebanyak 19 siswa yang diperoleh dari data Guru Mata Pelajaran Matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen dan desain penelitian menggunakan one group pre-test and post-test design. Adapun pengumpulan data berupa teknik angket, wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan uji prasyarat penelitian validitas dan reliabilitas menggunakan program SPSS for windows 21.0. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis statistik uji – t.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, berdasarkan rata-rata hasil pre-test adalah  88,1053  dari  19  responden.  Sedangkan  rata-rata  hasil  post-test  adalah 102,9474 dari 19 responden. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil post-test lebih baik daripada hasil pre-test. Selanjutnya dari hasil uji t-test diperoleh nilai thitung sebesar 13,167. Kemudian dikonsultasikan dengan ttabel pada taraf signifikansi 5% de derajat kebebasan N-1 atau 19-1 = 18 diperoleh ttabel 2,101. Dikarenakan nilai thi 13,167 > ttabel 2,101 maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa diskalkulia kelas VIII di SMP IT Daar Al- Faradis Berbasis Pesantren Adiwerna Kabupaten Tegal.

Adapun saran yang diajukan kepada siswa diharapkan dapat meningkatkan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing, agar motivasi belajar siswa diskalkulia dapat meningkat.
Repelencia e inhibición de oviposición de Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) con aceites minerales en condiciones controladas
Authors: Ortega-Arenas Laura Delia , Apáez-Barrios Mario , Valdez-Carrasco Jorge Manuel , Solís-Aguilar Juan Fernando
Published: March 2022

Diaphorina citri es una de las plagas más importantes de cítricos debido a que esel vector de Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, agente causal del Huanglongbing (HLB) encítricos. Su manejo se basa en el uso de insecticidas y recientemente se ha explorado el usode productos alternativos de manejo, como los aceites minerales, por lo que el objetivo delpresente trabajo fue evaluar, en condiciones controladas, la actividad repelente e inhibitoriade la oviposición de los aceites minerales Akaroil®, Anasef-T®, Saf-T-Side® y Stylet Oil® enD. citri. La repelencia se determinó al exponer adultos a una hoja de naranja var. Valenciapreviamente tratada y la inhibición de la oviposición por el método de aplicación residual. Loscuatro aceites minerales causaron actividad repelente significativa ≥ 90 % a 35 mg/mL, no obstante, ésta disminuyó a concentraciones por debajo de 10 mg/mL. Como repelente sobresalió el aceite Saf-T-Side (CR50 = 0,14 mg/mL), seguido de Anasef-T, Akaroil y Stylet-Oil, con CR50 de 1,33, 1,92 y 3,32 mg/mL, respectivamente, a las 24 h. dosis de 1 mg/mL. Con todos los aceites, se inhibió hasta en 90 % la oviposición. La actividad de los aceites minerales debe validarse en condiciones de campo para determinar el potencial real de esta alternativa en el manejo integrado de D. citri.
COGNITIVE SIMULATION OF PERSONAL EXTREMISM ORIENTATION
Authors:   Sobolev Institute of Mathematics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, Marenko V. A. , Milcharek T. P. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Milcharek N. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: March 2022

Цель работы состоит в описании субъективных моделей экстремизма, разработанных авторами с применением когнитивного и имитационного моделирования. Построение когнитивных моделей по диагностики экстремистской направленности личности осуществлено на основе авторских НКТ и КВ методик. НКТ методика (нонкоммуникативность) измеряет психологический риск экстремизма - направленность субъекта на диалог и его личностную стратегию по достижению целей. КВ методика (комплекс воина) выявляет культурно-обусловленную агрессию и степень ее реализованности. С использованием компонентов методик построены две когнитивные модели «состояния» субъекта с экстремистской идеологией и нейтральной позицией в отношении экстремизма. Проведен симплициальный анализ их когнитивных структур и вычислительные эксперименты по наблюдению тенденций развития «состояний» субъектов на нескольких шагах вычислительных процедур с применением авторского программного средства. Выявлены неявные связи между факторами «возможность убивать» и «социальная защита». Определены условия уменьшения развития экстремизма у субъекта. Результаты исследования позволили сформулировать выводы о потенциальной управляемости исследуемого социального явления и необходимости усиления комплекса профилактических мероприятий по борьбе с ним.
ON SOLUTION OF STATIC ELASTOPLASTIC PROBLEMS CONSIDERING DYNAMIC PROCESSES
Authors:   Institute of Mechanics and Seismic Stability of Structures, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Rikhsieva B. B. , Khusanov B. E. ,   Institute of Mechanics and Seismic Stability of Structures, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2022

В связи с применением нелинейных свойств, в частности, пластических свойств материала в статических расчетах требуется учет траекторий нагружений и развитие зон пластических деформаций. Настоящая работа с использованием динамического метода показывает получение решений статических задач. Для этого рассматривается напряженное состояние толстостенной упругопластической оболочки при запредельных нагрузках. Построена методика решения подобных задач с учетом динамики развития пластических деформаций. Полученные численные результаты сравнены с точными решениями и показана пригодность метода решения. Данный динамический подход решения задач позволяет решить не только рассмотренный класс задач, но и другие статические и квазистатические задачи с учетом прослеживания влияния нелинейных эффектов (пластических, структурного разрушения и др.) в процессе решения задач.
The immunogenetics of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: A comprehensive review
Authors: Kocaağa Ayça
Published: March 2022

Background:

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare devastating complication of measles virus (MV) involving the central nervous system (CNS). SSPE occurs 4–11/100,000 cases of the measles.

Main Body:

A poor cellular immune response seems to predispose individuals to the development of SSPE. The presence of mutations that may lead to MV persistence has also been demonstrated in samples obtained from SSPE patients. However, no study to date has definitively revealed the pathogenesis of SSPE caused by persistent infection in the CNS of MV.

Conclusion:

In this review, we provide a brief overview of SSPE from both an immunological and genetic perspective. We will try to focus on the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of SSPE that results in MV persistence. Clarifying the pathogenesis of SSPE will enable both the expansion of therapeutic options and the prediction of disease prognosis.
Potential impact of coastal hazards: Case of Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Islam Md. Mahfuzul , Amir A. Aldrie , Begum Rawshan Ara
Published: March 2022

The National Water Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM) projected that the annual rainfall will increase up to 10% in Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang and North West Coast by 2050. In Pahang, almost 40% of the total rainfall occurs during the northeast monsoon season annually. Kuantan is the most crucial area in Pahang which is the capital of this State and very popular as a tourism destination. The present study aims to determine the potential impact of natural hazards in the coastal area of Pahang, Malaysia. Cherok Paloh, Taman Gelora, Pantai Sepat and Sungai Penor are highly vulnerable concerning household income and insurance vulnerability. The flooding of agriculturally-substantial areas causes massive damage, for example forestry, fisheries, animal shelters, fertilisers, stock and storage, agricultural tools and types of machinery. The most crucial and vulnerable location is Cherok Paloh because more people are under M40 and B40 groups in that particular region. The majority of the houses are very close to the sea, which indicates the exposure of the Pahang coastal communities to coastal hazards. The present study can be effective for the entire coast of Malaysia and other coastal regions as well.
GC-MS and LC-QTOF-MS Phytochemical analysis, antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of stems extracts of Retama monosperma grown in Algeria
Authors: Tighilet Karim , Palacios Francisco , Khettal Bachra , de los Santos Jesús M.
Published: March 2022

Retama species have been used in traditional Algerian medicine for a very long time. In this study, extracts of Algerian Retama monosperma stem were examined for their phytochemical composition by GC-MS and LCQTOF- MS analysis, then screened for their antioxidant activities and antiproliferative effects. Antioxidant activity has been evaluated in-depth using DPPH radical-scavenging activity test, ABTS•+ radical cation scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity and the β-carotene bleaching test. Antiproliferative activity was assessed by using four human cancer cell lines: A549, HEK-293, SKOV-3, HeLa and a non-malignant human cell line MRC-5. Interestingly, our results revealed a high amount of phenolic compounds and alkaloids in the methanolic extract. Indeed, the rates of total phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols and tannins were higher in the methanolic extract rather than aqueous extract. As a result, a higher antioxidant activity in all tests performed was registered in the methanolic extract. Remarkably, the methanolic extract exerted the highest antiproliferative activity against A549 and HeLa cells (IC50 = 85.42 ± 3.52 and 90.28 ± 6.75 μg/mL respectively) compared to aqueous extract. In a direct line, the chloroform, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions were able to inhibit cell growth in a dose-dependent manner and showed a significant antiproliferative activity in A549 cells. Moreover, a considerable activity on SKOV-3 (IC50 = 17.92 μg/mL) has been observed using the chloroform fraction. It should be noted that no cytotoxic effect has been detected by the extracts on the non-malignant human cell line MRC-5. In conclusion, these results underlined the antioxidant and antiproliferative potential of Algerian Retama monosperma.
Induction of oxidative stress upon low level exposure of arsenic using lipid peroxidation assay in freshwater fish Channa punctatus
Authors: Jha Deepak Kumar , Mishra Bipin B. , Pranay Kumar , Khan P.K. , Yashvardhini Niti
Published: March 2022

Elevated level of arsenic exposure through drinking water induces noticeable change in the level of oxidative stress parameter such as lipid peroxidation. However, there is paucity of available information at low level exposure of arsenic for inducing oxidative damage. Present work was undertaken to investigate the oxidative stress inducing potential of arsenic at its low level exposure in fresh water fish Channa puntatus using lipid peroxidation, an established biomarker of oxidative stress. Fish specimen were exposed to 10, 50 (low level exposure) and 500μgL-1(high level exposure) of arsenic using sodium arsenite as a test substance. Samples of gill, liver, kidney and brain tissues were collected after 14 days of exposure and the lipid peroxidation assay was performed through the quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA) by TBARS assay for determination of oxidative damage in different tissues of fish. Significant increased levels of LPO were observed in all the organs. The present study showed that gills were the most sensitive organ, therefore, showed maximum peroxidative damage at 500 μgL-1 of arsenic exposure.
Comparative analysis of defence responses Triticum aestivum L in response to the endophytic Pseudomonas aeruginosa PM389 and the non-host microbial pathogens Erwinia carotovora and Fusarium monaliforme
Authors: Gupta G. , Das Gupta A. , Jha P.N.
Published: March 2022

In the present study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PM389 has been studied for comparing the defense responses in wheat plant against non-host pathogens Fusarium monaliforme and Erwinia caratovora. The comparative studies of defense enzymes produced on pretreatment of plants in the presence and absence of PM389 were also studied. Apart from it, disease incidence as well as plant growth promotion under in vitro and pot condition was recorded in the presence or absence of PM389 on challenging wheat plant with the non-host pathogen. Induction in all defense enzymes was observed on pretreatment of the plant with PM389 before pathogenic challenge with non-host. It was suggested that PM389 can generate induced systemic resistance in plants against pathogens. A less pathogenic population was recorded in the presence of PM389 than in its absence. In addition, it also showed plant growth promotion in the wheat under in vitro and pot studies. It was observed that PM389 was more effective against fungal pathogen than bacterial pathogen in both plant growth promotions as well as in decreasing disease incidence. Thus, PM389 can serve as a potential candidate as biofertilizer and biocontrol agent for non-host pathogens as well as having chances of cross-infection among various crops.
Development and standardization of culture media prepared by sugarcane juice, a natural source for causal agent of sugarcane red rot disease Colletotrichum falcatum
Authors: Vandana Priyam , Singh Dinesh , Srivastava Sangeeta , Guru Dayalram Guru
Published: March 2022

Natural and synthetic are the two general types of culture media. The exact nature of natural media substrates is unique and cannot be duplicated exactly. Natural media are usually easy to prepare and almost provide true to the type of its host. Sugarcane juice is a rich source of sucrose sugar and several essential nutrients needed to the Colletotrichum falcatum for its appropriate growth and development. In the line sugarcane juice agar medium was developed for the growth and sporulation of fungi Colletotrichum falcatum, causal agent of red rot of sugarcane. The sugarcane juice agar medium was compared with Oat Meal Agar medium which is designated as best medium for growth and sporulation of C. falcatum. Among the seven different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 50% and 100%) of sugarcane juice agar media used for the study of different C. falcatum isolates, 20 % concentration of sugarcane juice in the sugarcane juice agar media was found to be best suitable for the growth and sporulation of C. falcatum. The objective of the present study was to optimize sugarcane juice concentration and formulate a defined and cost effective medium as cheap source for the study of cultural and morphological characteristics of Colletotrichum falcatum pathogen.
Efficient and Expedite Fabrication of Thermally Stable Manganese Ferrite Nano-Particles and their Electrochemical Characterization
Authors: Kumar Yogenrda , Singh Prabal Pratap , Ajish Juby K. , Kumar Manmohan
Published: March 2022

A highly efficient synthetic protocol for thermally stable MnFe2O4 nano-particles and its electrochemical characterization has been reported. Combustion method using sucrose as a fuel has been utilized for the preparation of MnFe2O4 nano-particles using manganese acetate and iron nitrate as precursor. Size and shape of as synthesized material have been characterized using Field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The thermal stability of synthesized nano material has been checked using TGA/DSC and it was found that the newly synthesized nano materials were stable upto 400oC. Electrochemical response of these nano particles has been measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique, revealing the oxidation potential to be 376 mV and reduction potential as 185 mV with oxidation and reduction current of 44.9 μA and -32.16 μA. All the above measurements were taken using phosphate buffer solution of pH 6. Five electrodes were prepared and had been found to show the highly appreciably reproducibility.
Assessments of methanolic extract of Catharanthus Roseus leaves for in vitro phytochemical analysis
Authors: Priya Kumari , Mahato Dipa , Sharma H.P.
Published: March 2022

Plant and plant products have been one of the important sources of medicines since the beginning of human civilization. India has a rich and diverse flora of flowering medicinal plants. The leaves of the Catharanthus roseus were widely used as herbal remedy in various ailments. In this context the present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical properties of Catharanthus roseus grown in Jharkhand. The methanolic extract of the leaves of the plant has undergone tests for phenol, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoid and alkaloids, that produce positive results. Further investigation of phytochemical estimation found highest concentration of phenol (104 mg of GAE/g) in methanolic extract of Catharanthus roseus where flavonoid (46 mg of QE/g), tannin (10 mg of GAE/g), alkaloid (6 mg/g) and saponins (3.5 mg/g in dry plant sample) were found to be in good quantity.
Active site remodelling of a cyclodipeptide synthase redefines substrate scope
Authors: Sutherland Emmajay , Harding Christopher , Czekster Clarissa
Published: March 2022

Cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) generate a wide range of cyclic dipeptides using aminoacylated tRNAs as substrates. Histidine-containing cyclic dipeptides have important biological activities as anticancer and neuroprotective molecules. Out of the 120 experimentally validated CDPS members, only two are known to accept histidine as a substrate yielding cyclo(His-Phe) and cyclo(His-Pro) as products. It is not fully understood how CDPSs select their substrates, and we must rely on bioprospecting to find new enzymes and novel bioactive cyclic dipeptides. Here, we generated an extensive library of molecules using canonical and non-canonical amino acids as substrates, expanding the chemical space of histidine-containing cyclic dipeptide analogues. To investigate substrate selection we determined the structure of a cyclo(His-Pro)-producing CDPS. Three consecutive generations harbouring single, double and triple residue substitutions elucidated the histidine selection mechanism. Moreover, substrate selection was redefined, yielding enzyme variants that became capable of utilising phenylalanine and leucine. Our work pioneers the successful engineering a CDPS to yield different products, paving the way to direct the promiscuity of these enzymes to produce molecules of our choosing.
A simple cerium-based chemosensor for selective fluorescence phosphate detection in aqueous media
Authors: Rossel Thibaud , Therrien Bruno , Engel Kyrian , Mischler Maya , Di Lullo Gabriel , Piccard Valentin
Published: March 2022

Phosphate ions are key chemicals involved in crucial processes, such as, in medicine or agriculture. However, their sensing with a chemosensor is arduous due to their chemical properties. In the past, chemists addressed this problem by synthesizing complex chemical architectures as receptors, but with mixed results. Here, we develop a simple metal extrusion based fluorescent indicator displacement assay (MEFID) for phosphate detection, relying solely on commercially available chemicals. Cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) is combined with a fluorophore to probe phosphate ions in aqueous media. We show that the inorganic complex detects phosphate ions in low micromolar concentrations, either spectrophotometrically, or with the naked-eye, with high selectivity over other anions. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a simple, sensitive and selective metal extrusion cerium(IV)-based chemosensor for the fluorescent selective naked-eye detection of phosphate in aqueous media. It even proved to be useful for phosphate detection in Coca-Cola® and in real environmental samples.
Highly Efficient Unitized Regenerative Hydrogen Peroxide Cycle Cell with Ultra-Low Overpotential for Renewable Energy Storage
Authors: Yang Jie , Ding Ruimin , Liu Chang , Liu Shanshan , Xu Qinchao , Chen Lifang , Chen Jingchao , Li Junfen , Yin Xi
Published: March 2022

Future large-scale application of intermittent renewable sourced energy requires low cost, efficient, and less resource-demanding energy storage systems for grid balancing. Conventional unitized regenerative fuel cells (URFCs) based on the water-H2 cycle are promising but suffer from high overpotential and low energy efficiency. Herein, we demonstrate a highly efficient unitized regenerative hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) cycle cell (UR-HPCC) for renewable energy storage. The prototype utilized a carbon-based platinum group metal-free (PGM-free) catalyst with atomically dispersed Co and N dopants (Co-N-C) as the bifunctional oxygen electrode catalyst for the hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction (HPOR) and two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR) in H2O2 electrolyzer and fuel cell modes, respectively. This prototype showed a close-to-zero overpotential with a remarkably high round-trip efficiency of over 90%, which was attributed to the ideal catalytic properties of Co-N-C toward HPOR and 2e-ORR. Thermodynamic analysis of the above single-intermediate reactions suggests the intrinsic supremacy of UR-HPCC in energy efficiency and reversibility over conventional URFCs, paving the road to future sustainable distributed generation and energy storage systems.
Pd(II)-Catalyzed C(alkenyl)–H Activation Facilitated by a Transient Directing Group
Authors: Liu Mingyu , Sun Juntao , Erbay Tuğçe , Ni Hui-Qi , Martín-Montero Raúl , Liu Peng , Engle Keary
Published: March 2022

Palladium(II)-catalyzed C(alkenyl)–H alkenylation enabled by a transient directing group (TDG) strategy is described. The dual catalytic process takes advantage of reversible condensation between an alkenyl aldehyde substrate and an amino acid TDG to facilitate coordination of the metal catalyst and subsequent C(alkenyl)–H activation by a tailored carboxylate base. The resulting palladacycle then engages an acceptor alkene, furnishing a 1,3-diene with high regio- and E/Z-selectivity. The reaction enables the synthesis of enantioenriched atropoisomeric 2-aryl-substituted 1,3-dienes, which have seldom been examined in previous literature. Catalytically relevant alkenyl palladacycles were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography, and the energy profiles of the C(alkenyl)–H activation step and the stereoinduction model were elucidated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Penurunan frekuensi buang air besar dan konsistensi feses dengan menggunakan madu
Authors: Nur’aini Sylvi Novia , Sulistyawati Erna
Published: March 2022

Diare merupakan kondisi dimana konsistensi feses lembek atau cair dan frekuensinya lebih dari 3 kali dalam sehari. Diare dapat menyebabkan dehidrasi dan bahkan kematian jika dehidrasi tidak segera ditangani. Penanganan diare non farmakologi salah satunya dengan menggunakan madu. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan frekuensi BAB dan konsistensi feses setelah diberikan. Studi kasus ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan. Subyek studi kasus berjumlah 3 balita yang menderita diare. Pemberian madu dilakukan 3 kali sehari sebanyak 5 cc setiap pemberian selama 5 hari berturut-turut. Penilaian konsistensi feses dan frekuensi BAB dilakukan setiap hari menggunakan skala feses Bristol. Hasil studi kasus menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi BAB pada ketiga responden awal sebelum menggunakan terapi madu adalah ≥3x/hari dan setelah pemberian terapi madu menjadi ≤3x/hari. Sedangkan konsistensi feses awal sebelum menggunakkan terapi madu adalah berbentuk cair (tipe 7) dan sesudah menggunakan terapi madu menjadi normal (tipe 3 dan 4). Kesimpulan dari studi kasus ini adalah madu bisa digunakan untuk mengatasi diare karena madu memiliki pH yang rendah dibuktikan dengan keasaman yang menghambat bakteri patogen dalam usus dan lambung. Madu dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu terapi komplementer dalam menangani diare karena madu tidak memiliki efek samping sehingga aman digunakan pada balita.
Penerapan pencucian luka menggunakan air rebusan daun jambu biji terhadap tingkat malodor pasien luka kaki diabetik
Authors: Baidhowy Arief Shofyan , Armiyati Yunie , Imandarri Jazil
Published: March 2022

Pasien Diabetes Mellitus memiliki masalah yang serius terkait komplikasi Ulkus kaki diabetik. Dampak dari ulkus kaki diabetik meliputi malodor (bau), gangguan integritas kulit dan jaringan serta nyeri akut. Pencucian luka menggunakan air rebusan daun Jambu biji mampu menurunkan malodor dan membantu memperbaiki integritas jaringan. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian rebusan daun Jambu biji terhadap tingkat malodor pasien ulkus kaki diabetik. Studi kasus menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan. Subyek studi kasus adalah pasien penyakit Diabetes Mellitus yang mengalami komplikasi ulkus kaki diabetik dengan malodor berjumlah 2 orang. Hasil studi kasus menunjukan bahwa pasien mengalami penurunan rata-rata skor malodor sebanyak 3 poin setelah dilakukan tindakan pencucian luka menggunakan air rebusan daun jambu biji 3 hari sekali selama dua pekan. Tindakan pencucian luka menggunakan air rebusan daun jambu biji mampu menurunkan tingkat malodor pasien ulkus kaki diabetik.
Solução numérica da equação de poisson 2d e 3d em malhas estruturadas
Authors: Nós Rudimar Luiz , Santos Brito Micheletti João Pedro
Published: March 2022

Resumo
Apresentamos neste trabalho a solução numérica de algumas equações de Poisson, uma equação diferencial parcial elíptica de segunda ordem, em malhas estruturadas bidimensionais e tridimensionais. Na determinação da solução numérica, empregamos o método iterativo SOR para solucionar o sistema de equações lineares proveniente da discretização da equação de Poisson por intermédio do método de diferenças finitas. Além disso, construímos algumas soluções manufaturadas 2D e 3D para a equação de Poisson, testamos valores ótimos para o parâmetro de sobrerrelaxação no método SOR e analisamos o comportamento dos métodos empregados na solução numérica de problemas 2D com singularidades. Na visualização das soluções manufaturadas e numéricas 2D e 3D, utilizamos, respectivamente, o Matlab e o Tecplot 360. Concluímos que a convergência do método SOR é lenta em problemas com condições de contorno de Neumann e em problemas com singularidades fortes.
Palavras-chave: Método de diferenças finitas. Método SOR. Soluções manufaturadas.
 
Abstract
Numerical solution of 2d and 3d poisson equation in structured meshes
We present in this work the numerical solution of some Poisson equations, an elliptic partial differential equation of second order, in two-dimensional and three-dimensional structured meshes. In determining the numerical solution, we used the iterative SOR method to solve the system of linear equations arising from the discretization of the Poisson equation using the finite difference method. Furthermore, we build some 2D and 3D manufactured solutions for the Poisson equation, and test optimal values ​​for the over-relaxation parameter in the SOR method and analyze the behavior of the methods used in the numerical solution of 2D problems with singularities. In the visualization of the 2D and 3D manufactured and numerical solutions, we used, respectively, Matlab and Tecplot 360. We concluded that the convergence of the SOR method is slow in problems with Neumann boundary conditions and in problems with strong singularities.
Keywords: Finite difference method. SOR method. Manufactured solutions.
Factores determinantes en el uso de la Banca Móvil en Nuevo León
Authors: Treviño Saldívar Eduardo Javier , Saldívar del Ángel Roxana , González Montalvo Mario Alberto
Published: March 2022

En el presente trabajo se analiza la evolución del dinero hasta la actualidad, es decir los cambios que a través del tiempo se ha dado en el uso del papel moneda y todos esos cambios se deben a la utilización de las tecnologías de información que han hecho que el sector financiero este evolucionando a pasos acelerados. Así como también los factores que intervienen en el uso de la banca móvil que hoy en día es una herramienta financiera que ofrece muchos beneficios y además que también ha sido una evolución en las instituciones financieras en donde interviene la parte tecnológica con los servicios que ofrecen a sus clientes.
Commercial Gambling and the Surplus for Society
Authors: Sulkunen Pekka , Berret Sebastien , Marionneau Virve , Nikkinen Janne
Published: March 2022

Background: Gambling is an important source of public revenue in many countries. Little is known about how this revenue is generated, and how it depends on product portfolios, operating costs, turnover, and the institutional contexts of the industry. Methods:  A comparative analysis of income statements from 30 European gambling companies is reported. Scatter diagrams are used to describe how the surplus depends on volume, operating costs, monopoly status, and the game portfolio measured by aggregate return-to-players (RTP). Company profiles are used to interpret the results.
Hypotheses:  Commercialization increases aggregate return to players. This is likely to lower the surplus. Low operating costs of automated and fast games compensate for this loss. Commercial companies produce less surplus than monopolies.
Results: The surplus is a linear function of the total revenue. Excluding three big companies, total volume is positively associated with the average return percentages but not proportionately with operating costs. The difference between monopolistic and market-based companies does not appear to be significant. Detailed descriptive analysis shows that the European gambling market may be facing a situation of supply saturation where further growth of gambling proceeds for good causes can no longer be accomplished.
A Critical Review of the Scholarly Discourse on Gambling Disorder Treatment
Authors: Christensen Jeffrey , McDowell Teresa , Kosutic Iva
Published: March 2022

This article presents a comprehensive review of the scholarly discourse on psychological and relational approaches to gambling disorder treatment. The article focuses on the “what” of knowledge production and treatment delivery by systematizing information on the types of scholarly articles that have been published in the English language; the treatment approaches that have been researched and discussed in the Anglophone literature; and the context of knowledge production over the past 50 years. The review includes 445 articles that present the findings of case studies and evaluations of disordered gambling interventions (k = 231), descriptive research (k = 49), meta-analyses (k = 10), and literature reviews and descriptions of novel approaches (k = 155). The findings show that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), together with its constituent approaches, was the most discussed and researched approach to gambling disorder treatment in the period between late 1960s and the first half of 2019, covered by about 60% of the articles. Motivational Interviewing approaches were discussed in over one-fifth of the articles, whereas psychoanalytic and psychodynamic approaches accounted for under 10% of the articles. Roughly three-quarters of articles included in the review were published in North American and international journals. Our discussion situates these trends in critical discourses of the medicalization of mental health, dominance of Western mental health frameworks, and the politics of knowledge production.
Authors: Nugroho Arya Setya
Published: March 2022

This research is based on the ability of students who are less obedient to the existing rules in the classroom, less able to solve the problem, less responsibility in obeying and implementing the rules in the group, less responsibility in solving the problem of the evaluation of the educator, and less cooperation with members of the group. The solution given to overcome is by applying an environment-based concept model of learning. The purpose of this research is to know the ability of character of responsibility and mastery of concept. The method applied in this research is experiment with control class and experiment class. Instruments used observation and test sheets. The result of the research shows that the concept of environment based learning has an effect on the character of responsibility and mastery of the concept of elementary school students.
The role of nutrition in stroke prevention and treatment
Authors: Pogozheva A. V.
Published: March 2022

Important factors for reducing the risk of stroke, as well as predictors of effective rehabilitation of this group of patients are proper nutrition, regular physical activity, smoking cessation and normalization of body weight. Currently, there is no unambiguous data on the needs of patients who have suffered acute cerebral circulatory disorders for nutrients, which dictates the need to develop a personalized diet for them, which should be calculated taking into account age, gender and body mass index. The intake of energy, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins can be carried out not only as part of traditional, but also from specialized food products, including mixtures for etheral nutrition. The use of mixtures helps to reduce the risk of bedsores.
Walking skills recovery for patients suffered a stroke
Authors: Belova A. N. , Sushin V. O. , Litvinova N. Y. , Shabanova M. A. , Rezenova M. A.
Published: March 2022

Recovering the walking ability is one of the major goals in rehabilitation of poststroke patients. Locomotor training should be preceded by identifying pathological gait characteristics and functional gait assessment. The spectrum of rehabilitation methods for restoration of walking skills is quite wide and includes conventional training, training on a treadmill without body weight support and with body weight support, using of electromechanical and robotic devices, additional use of biofeedback, virtual reality, orthoses, electrical muscle stimulation, strength training and balance training. The review provides a brief description of these rehabilitation methods in view of evidence-based medicine. The individual choice of procedures depends on the severity, duration and characteristics of walking defiits, the patient’s preferences and limitations associated with his concomitant diseases.
Putting out the ‘unwelcome mat:’ The Announced Public Charge Rule reduced safety net enrollment among exempt noncitizens
Authors: Barofsky Jeremy , Vargas Ariadna , Rodriguez Dinardo , Matos Eva , Barrows Anthony
Published: March 2022

Government action shapes the perceived and actual costs of citizens’ interactions with the state. By manipulating these costs, policymakers can affect citizens’ willingness to engage with the state, strongly impacting short- and long-term wellbeing. In September 2018, the Trump administration announced its intention to change how an immigrant’s likelihood of becoming a “public charge” would be evaluated. Once adopted, the rule would penalize certain classes of noncitizens for using safety net programs, potentially jeopardizing their application for permanent residence. We hypothesize that this proposed change increased psychological and learning burdens for low-income immigrants well beyond those directly impacted by the rule. Specifically, we used difference-in-differences models to analyze whether the announcement reduced safety net use among two groups exempt from the rule’s provisions: any WIC enrollee and noncitizen SNAP enrollees that are already legal permanent residents, refugees, or asylees. Even though the WIC program was excluded from the proposed rule, we find reductions in overall WIC use after the announcement. In addition, we show that SNAP enrollment decreased differentially after the announcement for noncitizens, nearly all of whom were likely exempt from the rule.
Nudge in the time of coronavirus: Compliance to behavioural messages during crisis
Authors: Hume Susanne , John Peter , Sanders Michael , Stockdale Emma
Published: March 2022

Successful responses to the coronavirus pandemic require those without COVID-19 and asymptomatic individuals to comply with a range of government guidelines. As nudges have been widely found to be effective at increasing compliance to prosocial behaviours in many contexts, how good are they for the COVID policy toolkit? In particular, is more of a reflective response–nudge plus— needed as well as classic nudges? In an online experiment with 1,500 people, we show that social norms and portrayal of the victim do not work on their own, but when the victim is combined with the more reflective task of carrying out a writing task to a relative there are impacts on intentions to comply with the guidelines. After two weeks, however, these intentions do not persist. There is much work to do when designing nudges in the context of COVID-19 and other public health pandemics to ensure persistence.
Préface
Authors: Dorandi Tiziano
Published: March 2022

Un vaste monde ouvre de plus en plus ses portes devant nous. Il faut en profiter et on ne sera pas déçus des résultats qu’on atteindra. Le volume d’Élise Franssen en est un exemple à suivre.