bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Greek Energy Firms: An Event Study Analysis
Authors: Polemis Michael , Soursou Symeoni
Published: September 2020

This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock returns of 11 Greek energy listed companies. Using an event study approach covering a window of 10 days before and 10 days after the general lockdown (23/3/2020), we show that the pandemic influenced returns of the majority of the listed energy firms. However, diverging from the event day sees the negative effects dissipating.
Dual solutions Schrödinger type for Poisson equation in Dielectric and Magnetic linear media
Authors: Rubiano Robert , Tapia Jonathan , González Hernando
Published: September 2020

Solutions are obtained for the dual form of the Schrödinger equation got from the transformation of Poisson equation for the vector and the scalar potential, in dielectric and magnetic materials, having into account homogeneous isotropic linear mechanisms.We study and apply these dual equation solutions in some specific potentials.
Politics in the Classroom: How the Exposure of Teachers’ Political Views Impacts Their Students
Authors: Camp Abigail
Published: September 2020

This paper examines the presence of teacher political publicity during instruction and its impact on students, looking specifically in the U.S. History classroom, where historical controversies can put teachers in positions where they express their political views during lessons. This is significant because American students are learning about the history of their nation through the personal perspective of their teacher. Much information has been collected on the subject of teacher neutrality within the classroom, but insufficient research exists on how this impacts students. My paper questioned how the exposure of a U.S. History teacher’s political views during instruction contributed to the development of their students’ views at the high school and college level. Using a mixed method approach, I collected quantitative and qualitative data through questionnaire surveys and found that teacher political publicity develops students’ own political views at the high school and college level -but more so at college level- by strengthening the existing views of students and changing their perception of the course material. This discovery supports the existing idea that college professors have more political freedom and opens the door for research on whether this political exposure is beneficial or detrimental to students.
Proposição de um modelo de gestão do conhecimento voltado às características da memória organizacional
Authors: Damian Ieda Pelógia Martins , Moro Cabero María Manuela
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Considerando que a memória organizacional é elementar para a gestão do conhecimento, este estudo tem como objetivo a proposição de um modelo de implantação da gestão do conhecimento que considere as características da memória organizacional.Método: este estudo tem como base metodológica a pesquisa bibliográfica e a revisão de literatura nos periódicos científicos da área da Ciência da Informação referente aos temas gestão do conhecimento, modelos de implantação da gestão do conhecimento e memória organizacional.Resultado: proposição de um modelo de gestão do conhecimento voltado as características da memória organizacional.Se acredita que esse modelo apresenta um importante aporte inovativo ao incorporar a abordagem da memória organizacional à ao estado da arte sobre o modelo de implantação de gestão do conhecimento nas organizações.Conclusões: se destaca que a implantação da gestão do conhecimento em uma organização deve se dar por meio de um modelo. Além disso, se considera que os benefícios advindos da gestão do conhecimento somente serão usufruídos se esta gestão estiver diretamente voltada à memória organizacional.
Determination of the absorption cross sections of higher-order iodine oxides at 355 and 532 nm
Authors: Lewis Thomas R. , Gómez Martín Juan Carlos , Blitz Mark A. , Cuevas Carlos A. , Plane John M. C. , Saiz-Lopez Alfonso
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Iodine oxides (IxOy) play an important role in the atmospheric chemistry of iodine. They are initiators of new particle
formation events in the coastal and polar boundary layers and act as iodine reservoirs in tropospheric ozone-depleting chemical cycles. Despite the
importance of the aforementioned processes, the photochemistry of these
molecules has not been studied in detail previously. Here, we report the
first determination of the absorption cross sections of IxOy, x=2, 3, 5, y=1–12 at λ=355 nm by combining pulsed laser
photolysis of I2∕O3 gas mixtures in air with time-resolved
photo-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, using NO2
actinometry for signal calibration. The oxides selected for absorption cross-section determinations are those presenting the strongest signals in the
mass spectra, where signals containing four iodine atoms are absent. The method is validated by measuring the absorption cross section of IO at 355 nm,
σ355nm,IO= (1.2±0.1) ×10-18 cm2, which is found to be in good agreement with the most recent
literature. The results obtained are σ355nm,I2O3<5×10-19 cm2 molec.−1, σ355nm,I2O4= (3.9±1.2)×10-18 cm2 molec.−1, σ355nm,I3O6= (6.1±1.6)×10-18 cm2 molec.−1, σ355nm,I3O7= (5.3±1.4)×10-18 cm2 molec.−1, and σ355nm,I5O12= (9.8±1.0)×10-18 cm2 molec.−1. Photodepletion at
λ=532 nm was only observed for OIO, which enabled determination of upper limits for the absorption cross sections of IxOy at 532 nm
using OIO as an actinometer. These measurements are supplemented with
ab initio calculations of electronic spectra in order to estimate atmospheric photolysis rates J(IxOy). Our results confirm a high
J(IxOy) scenario where IxOy is efficiently removed during
daytime, implying enhanced iodine-driven ozone depletion and hindering
iodine particle formation. Possible I2O3 and I2O4
photolysis products are discussed, including IO3, which may be a
precursor to iodic acid (HIO3) in the presence of HO2.
Validating HY-2A CMR precipitable water vapor using ground-based and shipborne GNSS observations
Authors: Wu Zhilu , Liu Yanxiong , Liu Yang , Wang Jungang , He Xiufeng , Xu Wenxue , Ge Maorong , Schuh Harald
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The calibration microwave radiometer (CMR) on board the Haiyang-2A (HY-2A) satellite provides wet tropospheric delay correction for
altimetry data, which can also contribute to the understanding of climate
system and weather processes. The ground-based global navigation satellite
system (GNSS) provides precise precipitable water vapor (PWV) with high
temporal resolution and could be used for calibration and monitoring of the
CMR data, and shipborne GNSS provides accurate PWV over open oceans, which
can be directly compared with uncontaminated CMR data. In this study, the
HY-2A CMR water vapor product is validated using ground-based GNSS
observations of 100 International GNSS Service (IGS) stations along the
global coastline and 56 d shipborne GNSS observations over the Indian
Ocean. The processing strategy for GNSS data and CMR data is discussed in
detail. Special efforts were made in the quality control and reconstruction
of contaminated CMR data. The validation result shows that HY-2A CMR PWV
agrees well with ground-based GNSS PWV with 2.67 mm as the root mean square
(rms) within 100 km. Geographically, the rms is 1.12 mm in the polar region
and 2.78 mm elsewhere. The PWV agreement between HY-2A and shipborne GNSS
shows a significant correlation with the distance between the ship and the
satellite footprint, with an rms of 1.57 mm for the distance threshold of
100 km. Ground-based GNSS and shipborne GNSS agree with HY-2A CMR well.
Rock glaciers of the contiguous United States: GIS inventory and
spatial distribution patterns
Authors: Johnson Gunnar , Chang Heejun , Fountain Andrew
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Continental-scale inventories of glaciers are available, but no analogous rock glacier inventories exist. We present the Portland State University Rock Glacier Inventory (n = 10,343) for the contiguous United States, derived from the manual classification of remote sensing imagery (Johnson 2020, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.918585). Individually, these rock glaciers are found across widely disparate montane environments, but their overall distribution unambiguously favors relatively high, arid mountain ranges with sparse vegetation. While at least one rock glacier is identified in each of the 11 westernmost states, nearly 88 % are found in just five states: Colorado (n = 3889), Montana (n = 1813), Idaho (n = 1689), Wyoming (n = 850), and Utah (n = 834). Mean rock glacier area is estimated at 0.10 km2, with cumulative rock glacier area totaling 1008.91 km2. Rock glaciers are assigned to a three-tier classification system based on area thresholds and surface characteristics known to correlate with downslope movement. Class 1 features (n = 7052, average area = 0.12 km2) appear to be highly active, Class 2 features (n = 2416, average area = 0.05 km2) appear to be intermediately active and Class 3 features (n = 875, average area = 0.04 km2) appear to be minimally active. This geospatial inventory will allow past rock glacier research findings to be spatially extrapolated, help facilitate further rock glacier research by identifying field study sites, and serve as a valuable training set for the development of automated rock glacier identification and classification methods applicable to other large regional studies.
I. DOSSIER
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: September 2020

N/A
II. ESTUDIOS
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: September 2020

N/A
IV. RESEÑAS
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: September 2020

N/A
Arteriovenous Malformation of the Tongue Resulting in Recurrent Severe Hemorrhage in a Young Dog
Authors: Seneviratne Maheeka , Longue Camille , Harrington Norelene , Bristow Poppy
Published: September 2020

An 8 mo old male entire beagle was presented to the emergency and critical care service following several severe bleeding episodes from the oral cavity. Oral examination revealed a purple, spongy, pulsatile lesion on the rostral two-thirds of the tongue. Computed tomography angiography revealed a severely distended right linguofacial vein with numerous, tortuous branching vessels within the tongue, consistent with an arteriovenous (AV) malformation. A cervical surgical approach was performed, and the right lingual artery was isolated and catheterized. A direct arteriogram confirmed this was the main feeder artery to the lesion, and it was ligated. Although the bleeding episodes initially resolved, a moderate bleeding episode occurred 6 days postoperatively, and a partial glossectomy was performed. Histopathology was consistent with an AV malformation. The dog had a good recovery from surgery and remains free of clinical signs 13 mo later. Following extensive review of the veterinary literature, this is the only reported case of a lingual AV malformation in the dog. Partial glossectomy resulted in resolution of the clinical signs and was well tolerated. Although rare, AV malformations should be considered as a differential diagnosis for spontaneous oropharyngeal bleeding.
Retrospective Study on Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Nontraumatic Inguinal Hernias in 41 Dogs
Authors: Itoh Teruo , Kojimoto Atsuko , Kojima Kentaro , Shii Hiroki
Published: September 2020

Several factors are suggested to be involved in the development of nontraumatic inguinal hernias (NTIHs) in dogs, but case series studies focusing on the etiology and treatment outcomes are limited. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of NTIHs in dogs. Medical records of 42 dogs with surgically treated NTIHs were reviewed. Forty-one dogs were included in the study, all dogs were small breeds weighing <10 kg, and middle to older age (>5 yr old; 33 cases), female sex (34 cases), and miniature dachshunds (26 cases) predominated. Left-sided occurrence was common (30 left, 9 right, 2 bilateral), and organ protrusion was seen in 22 cases (15 uteri, 9 small intestines, 1 colon). Fourteen of 15 uterine herniations (93%) were located left side. Ovariohysterectomy was performed with herniorrhaphy in 27/30 intact bitches, two of whom also underwent resection and anastomosis of a devitalized portion of the small intestine. Recurrence was seen in only one male dog. These results suggest that NTIHs are more likely to occur in small-breed female dogs, and that age may increase the risk of left-sided uterine protrusion; however, the long-term results after herniorrhaphy with ovariohysterectomy are excellent.
متطلبات دخول المكتبات العمانية في عالم الثورة الصناعية الرابعة والتحديات التي تواجهها: المكتبة الرئيسية بجامعة السلطان قابوس أنموذجا
Authors: الشهومية ابتسام بنت سعيد , العبدلية رقية بنت خلفان
Published: September 2020

ملخص

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على متطلبات دخول المكتبات العمانية في عالم الثورة الصناعية الرابعة، والتحديات التي تواجهها. تم تناول المكتبة الرئيسية بجامعة السلطان قابوس كنموذج في هذه الدراسة باعتبارها أكبر المكتبات العمانية، وتم تحقيق ذلك بمجموعة من الأهداف الفرعية وهي:

• التعرف على متطلبات دخول قطاع المكتبات والمعلومات عالم الثورة الصناعية الرابعة.

• التعرف على جاهزية المكتبة الرئيسية بجامعة السلطان قابوس للدخول في عالم الثورة الصناعية الرابعة.

• التعرف على التحديات التي تواجه المكتبة الرئيسية بجامعة السلطان قابوس للدخول في عالم الثورة الصناعية الرابعة.

وقد استخدمت الدراسة المنهج المزجي لدراسة متطلبات دخول المكتبات العمانية في عالم الثورة الصناعية الرابعة، وقياس مدى جاهزية المكتبة الرئيسية بجامعة السلطان قابوس لها، وتسليط الضوء على التحديات التي تواجهها، إذ اعتمدت على الاستبانة والمقابلة شبه المقيدة في الحصول على المعلومات من عينة الدراسة المتمثلة في موظفي المكتبة الرئيسية.

أظهرت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن التجهيزات البشرية، والتقنية، والمالية، والتشريعية أهم متطلبات دخول المكتبات العمانية للثورة الصناعية الرابعة. كما تمتلك المكتبة الرئيسية بجامعة السلطان قابوس مستوى عالٍ من الجاهزية للدخول في عالم الثورة الصناعية الرابعة وتبين ذلك من خلال درجة وعي موظفي المكتبات، والاهتمام بالتدريب والتطوير، والتجهيزات التقنية والمالية، والجهود التي تبذلها المكتبة، بينما يمثل التحدي المالي، والتحدي التقني، وتعقيد الإجراءات الإدارية، وتوعية الموظفين الإداريين لشؤن الجامعة والإدارة العليا من أهم التحديات التي تعيق إمكانية المكتبة في استخدام تقنيات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة.

خلصت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من التوصيات من أهمها الاطلاع على تجارب المكتبات في تطبيق تقنيات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة، وتخصيص جزء من الموازنة في شراء الأجهزة وتطبيق تقنيات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة، وإجراء المزيد من الدورات التدريبية وورش العمل للموظفين لرفع قدرتهم على استخدام الأجهزة والأنظمة الذكية، وإجراء المزيد من الدراسات المتعلقة بتأثير استخدام تطبيقات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة على الخدمات المعلوماتية.
التعليم الإلكتروني في دراسات المعلومات: تقييم تجربة قسم دراسات المعلومات بجامعة السلطان قابوس
Authors: السالمي جمال بن مطر بن يوسف
Published: September 2020

ملخص

يعد التعليم الإلكتروني أحد النماذج الحديثة نسبيًا للتعليم، وبدأ ينتشر استخدامه سريعًا في مختلف الجامعات والكليات، حتى أضحت بعض الجامعات والمعاهد تقدم برامج متكاملة بطريقة إلكترونية. جائحة كورونا (COVID-19) وما أحدثته من إجراءات حجر مختلفة وما صاحبها من إيقاف للتعليم التقليدي، جعلت التركيز منصبًا على التعليم الإلكتروني بشكل كبير جدًا.

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم تجربة التعليم الإلكتروني في دراسات المعلومات متمثلةً في مقرر يناقش مهارات البحث عن المعلومات. تناقش الدراسة هذه التجربة من حيث آلية تحويل المحاضرات والدروس من الطريقة التقليدية إلى الطريقة الإلكترونية، وآلية التواصل بين المدرس والطلبة خلال الفصل الدراسي، بالإضافة إلى مناقشات الدروس المختلفة وآلية التقييم سواء للتكاليف المقدمة أو للامتحانات النصفية والنهائية. تعتمد الدراسة في تقييم هذه التجربة على مراجعة وتحليل جميع الوثائق المرتبطة بالمقرر من المحاضرات والمناقشات والتكاليف وآليات التواصل بين المدرس والطلبة بالإضافة إلى تحليل استبانة قصيرة تبين آراء الطلبة حول تجربة المقرر الإلكتروني.

يُبرز تقييم هذه التجربة أهمية التعليم الإلكتروني من حيث تسهيل تقييم الطلبة ومتابعة تطورهم ونشاطهم خلال الفصل الدراسي من خلال التقارير المفصلة التي يتيحها نظام التعلم الإلكتروني. وعليه، يؤمل أن تساهم هذه الدراسة في توضيح مراحل وأساليب والفرص والتحديات التي تواجه عملية التحول الإلكتروني وكيف تم التغلب عليها وتجاوزها. تقييم هذه التجربة في التعليم الإلكتروني ستساعد على الرقي بتجارب التحول الإلكتروني في التعليم الجامعي في مقررات دراسات المعلومات بشكل خاص والمقررات الأخرى بشكل عام.
Retos del estado en el desarrollo de las competencias socioeconómicas de las familias en el área costera de El Salvador
Authors: Marquina Martínez Ramón Edgardo , Coreas Flores Edwin Osmil , Aguilar de Mendoza Ana Sandra , Vaquerano Benavides José Rigoberto , Nájera de Henríquez Lizzie , Hernández Monterrosa Larissa , Trejo Magaña Glenda Yamileth , Hernández Romero Elmer J José , Sánchez Granados Osmel Alberto
Published: September 2020

Diversos estudios se han realizado para determinar las estrategias que deben implementarse en la zona costera de nuestro país que evidencian la necesidad de inversión pública, privada y extranjera para mejorar las condiciones socioeconómicas de la población de la zona costera. El objetivo de esta investigación fue perfilar la dinámica socioeconómica de las familias de la zona que residen en las áreas costeras salvadoreñas, identificando las diferentes prácticas laborales de las familias.Para realizar el estudio se realizó una encuesta con una muestra conformada por 1810 familias, donde se entrevistó a un miembro por familia. Los resultados mostraron niveles de ingresos inferiores al salario agropecuario de $200.00, establecido para el 2017, por lo que se puede decir que su situación económica no ha mejorado en estos últimos años debido al poco apoyo estatal a través de los programas de reducción de la pobreza. En este estudio se refleja que existe relación entre la falta de aprobación de créditos y las actividades productivas de la zona. Muchas familias no han recibido ningún préstamo del sistema financiero, cifra alarmante que nos indica que siete de cada diez negocios de la zona no están invirtiendo en la mejora de servicios o instalaciones.El Estado debe asumir el reto de implementar estrategias de desarrollo integral y sostenible en la franja costera marina que impacte en las condiciones socioeconómicas de la población.
Teachers’ Perspectives on the Use of Differentiated Instruction in Inclusive Classrooms: Implication for Teacher Education
Authors: Onyishi Charity Neejide , Sefotho Maximus Monaheng
Published: September 2020

Implementing differentiated instruction (DI) in inclusive classrooms presents many challenges that often limit the teachers’ ability to use the strategy. Research tends to indicate that, though DI is a viable approach to meeting the le individual learner’s needs in mixed ability classrooms; it is poorly implemented in regular schools. This study sought to investigate the perspectives of primary school teachers on the use of DI in an inclusive classroom in Enugu state, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design using a sample of 382 primary school teachers in the study area. Data were collected using a validated researcher-developed Teachers’ Use of Differentiated Instruction Questionnaire (TUDIQ). Percentages, pie-charts, and bar charts were used in analyzing and presentation of data collected for the study. Results indicated that the extent to which teachers implement DI was low, and time constraint limits the use of DI. The results further revealed that teachers need more information on how to develop rubrics; students’ directed assessments; how to manage large class while implementing DI; how to use differentiated instruction without watering down the curriculum contents; the need for changes in classroom structure to accommodate small groups; and the need for more training on DI and the provision of diverse learning aids in schools. The implication for teacher education is that DI has to form critical curriculum content for colleges of education and faculties of Education in the Universities.
Crossing the Pacific
Authors: McKay David O.
Published: September 2020

Departing from Utah, David O. McKay and Hugh J. Cannon began their year-long fact-finding mission on December 4, 1920, traveling northwest by railroad to the deepwater port of Vancouver, Canada. The two made a stop in the Pacific Northwest to visit church leaders and missionaries serving in Portland and Seattle. Arriving in Vancouver, McKay and Cannon boarded their steamship and spent two weeks at sea. Their journey to Japan was tempestuous at times; McKay tried to relate his ongoing struggle with seasickness in good humor, thinly disguising his discomfort on the high seas. Steamship travel became a staple of their journey; over the following year, McKay and Cannon recorded a travel distance of 37,819 miles by sea—well eclipsing the pair’s mileage by land.
The New Zealand Mission
Authors: McKay David O.
Published: September 2020

McKay and Cannon’s steamship plied into the port at Wellington, New Zealand before dawn on April 21, 1921. They spent just over a week on the North Island, visiting missionaries, local members of European descent known as “Pakehas,” and native Maori Latter-day Saints. By the time of McKay’s visit, Maori converts and their descendants composed the majority of Latter-day Saints in New Zealand. Their traditions enamored McKay—most notably the “Hui Tau,” an annual multiday conference that included dancing, feasts, and community discussions ranging from church administration to local needs and unit organization. On many occasions, McKay was “hongied” by Maori members, an intimate nose-to-nose greeting. McKay bid farewell to the New Zealand Saints on April 30, 1921, departing for the next leg of his journey.
The Criminal of Passion
Authors: Vidor Gian Marco
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the categorization of the criminal of passion in the second half of the nineteenth century, in Italy. In this period, legal and medical scholars switched the focus of the criminological debate from the crime to the criminal, looking at the criminal of passion as a social and physiological being. The attempts of the Italian Positivist School and its critics to understand and define crime-of-passion perpetrators fostered and furthered the analysis of the physiology and psychology of human emotional phenomena, highlighting the complex link between the soma, the psyche, and emotions.
The Language of Children’s Pain (1870–1900)
Authors: Fernández-Fontecha Leticia
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines the disputed place of children’s pain around the dawn of the twentieth century from the perspective of the history of emotions. It explores how the emotional expression of children’s suffering (cries and screams) was interpreted differently by various professional bodies with the performative authority to shape its meaning. Focusing on written texts and photographic practices, it compares the perspectives of scientists and psychologists with those of pediatricians, showing how the former claimed children were essentially insensitive to pain while the latter used pain to help diagnose children’s sickness. This paper questions whether specific expressions correspond mechanically and invariably to certain emotions, and shows how screams and cries created different “emotional bodies” in the pediatric and laboratory contexts.
Photographing the Emotional Body
Authors: Pichel Beatriz
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines the medical, chronophotographic, and theatrical photographs taken in the 1890s by Albert Londe, head of the Photographic Service at the Parisian hospital La Salpêtrière. Situating Londe’s production in the broader context of psychological and physiological theories of emotions emerging at the time, this chapter argues that photography became a key tool in the understanding of embodied expressions of emotions. Photographs served scientific and laypeople to grasp the gestures’ meaning, that is, the emotions that they were supposed to communicate, as well as their materiality, the nervous and muscular processes than produced them. This analysis demonstrates that photographic practices became performative practices which articulated emotional bodies.
Yolanda
Authors: Rosón María
Published: September 2020

Through an analysis of the fanzine Yolanda (Ignacio Navas, 2014), this chapter unpacks the subaltern memories of the last youth generation to experience the transition from the Franco dictatorship to democracy in Spain, whose lives were directly affected by drug consumption and the spread of HIV. Taken at the end of the 1980s and 1990s, Yolanda and Gabriel’s photographs are both the raw material used to construct Navas’s fanzine and a resistant legacy. They illustrate the other effects of Spain’s entrance into neoliberal structures, effects often left out of hegemonic historical narratives about the transition. This photographic corpus performs a way of being young that intersects with disenchantment, or desencanto, and the impossibility of imagining the self politically in a collective way.
Making a Collective Emotional Body
Authors: Nagy Piroska
Published: September 2020

Asking how emotional communities are born and how an emotional event may help something new to emerge, this chapter analyses the episode when Francis of Assisi celebrates Christmas in the little town of Greccio according to the earliest sources--first, his biography written in 1228-29 by Thomas of Celano, and then in a few early vitae and iconographic evidence. Doing so, it suggests that shared emotional events, through the work of emotions and senses, create a new emotional body, which can either last, or remain ephemeral. Studying the way different sources treat the event gives the occasion to observe what can be called a Franciscan politics of emotion.
Compassion Fatigue
Authors: Taithe Bertrand
Published: September 2020

This chapter investigates the emergence, evolution, and performance of the concept of “compassion fatigue” in the humanitarian context. It tracks the uses made by humanitarians of bodily responses to their work or representations of their work from a discourse on a danger of humanitarian excess to its redefinition as the embodiment of caregivers’ dilemmas and, finally, as a metaphor for understanding the potential for public disengagement with fundraising campaigns. This chapter seeks to determine how compassion fatigue has been embodied, represented, addressed, and politically used in humanitarian contexts. Its focus points are the social and political organizations that have framed the emotions of humanitarian actors and spectators as “compassion fatigue” as well as the effects that this categorization has had in both the understanding of the humanitarian work and of its political agenda.
Performing Ethnicity
Authors: Butler Melvin L.
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the notion of “religious ethnicity” as a layered mode of self-presentation encompassing Jamaican, Pentecostal, and “black” musical markers of identity. It demonstrates the ways in which believers perform their religious ethnicity through musical style both at home on the island and abroad. Recordings of African American contemporary gospel singers, such as Donnie McClurkin, provide a means for Jamaican youth to perform a modern Pentecostal identity cast as oppositional to the "white-sounding" hymnody preferred in conservative churches. Borrowing from the work of Gerardo Marti, the chapter argues that Pentecostals perform “pan-ethnic,” “ethnic specific,” and “ethnic transcendent” identities. While competing stylistic preferences are sometimes reconciled through discourses of generational difference, many believers choose to live and worship in the complexity of seemingly incompatible musical repertories.
Conclusion
Authors: Butler Melvin L.
Published: September 2020

This chapter restates the book’s most prominent themes and emphasizes that the boundaries of Jamaican Pentecostal identity are deeply inscribed yet surprisingly unstable. It also discusses discourses of unity in relation to the cultural and theological divides affecting Pentecostal musical worship and gospel performance while expounding upon some of the theoretical implications of the book. There is also discussion of a global “technology of transcendence” involving the use of music to facilitate a spiritual transition from a celebratory state of "praise" to a transcendent state of “worship.” The chapter concludes that gospel music and Pentecostal worship in Jamaica provide a means of reconciling the global and the local. Some of the challenges of reflexivity and ethnographic fieldwork are revisited as they pertain to efforts to claim membership in both the academy and the church.
Introduction
Authors: Joseph-Gabriel Annette K.
Published: September 2020

This chapter provides context on 20th century history and politics in the French empire in the Caribbean and Africa. It also defines the central concept of citizenship and argues that black women’s decolonial citizenship disrupts the tiered, exclusionary modes of belonging imposed by the French state on overseas France. The chapter situates this study within the field of French and francophone studies and highlights black French women’s contributions to both anticolonial politics and black transnational feminism. It also introduces briefly the lives and works of the seven women at the center of the book.
Suzanne Césaire
Authors: Joseph-Gabriel Annette K.
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines Suzanne Césaire’s liberatory politics and poetics. Whereas existing scholarship has focused on Césaire’s essays in the journal Tropiques published in Martinique during World War II, this chapter re-reads those essays alongside Césaire’s unpublished writings in order to reveal the crucial influence that Césaire’s stay in Haiti had on her vision for an Antillean cultural renaissance and political liberation. The five formative months that she spent in Haiti reveal the island to be, for Césaire, a site of political imagination and a generative space for forging a broader Caribbean identity that contests but also goes beyond the colonial paradigms of Martinique’s place in the French empire.
Eslanda Robeson
Authors: Joseph-Gabriel Annette K.
Published: September 2020

Eslanda Robeson’s transnational anti-imperialist activism brought her into contact with most of the women examined in this study. This chapter therefore takes a broader geographic view of black women’s decolonial politics by analyzing Robeson’s travel journals chronicling her journeys through Southern Africa in 1936 and French Equatorial Africa in 1946. Her Global South project displaces subjection to imperial rule as the imagined connection among the people of Africa, Asia and the Americas. She envisions the Global South as defined by concerted acts of resistance against imperialism, and highlights women’s roles in leading or carrying out these acts of resistance.
The Developer
Authors: Wells Rob
Published: September 2020

A personal and professional profile of millionaire developer and banker Charles H. Keating Jr., the public face of the savings-and-loan crisis, describes how he exploited a permissive business environment and the Reagan administration deregulatory trend in the 1980s to build his American Continental Corporation and Lincoln Savings and Loan empire. Keating and his career fit within the broader economic and cultural changes in the 1980s that celebrated materialism and excess. Keating’s complex character is examined; he was an accomplished athlete, a generous contributor to the Catholic Church, and a crusader against pornography. He was a moralist and yet he skirted the law numerous times, beginning with a federal securities fraud case in 1979 that he ultimately settled with regulators.
Advertising and Controversy
Authors: Wells Rob
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines a legacy of problems that arise between journalists and the businesses they cover, a history that includes advertisers dictating and censoring stories, a cozy relationship that can form between reporters and corporate sources and a narrow focus on an elite audience. These conflicts date back to the emergence of the commercial advertising model in the mid-nineteenth century. Further, this chapter explores an important theoretical critique of news media and business and the political economy theory of mass communications, and it describes how the legacy does and does not apply to the National Thrift News. The newspaper used its industry ties as a reporting advantage, allowing it to navigate both roles as industry insider and as industry watchdog.
Keating’s War with the Press
Authors: Wells Rob
Published: September 2020

Like Donald Trump, Keating used his economic power to intimidate reporters and regulators with lawsuits as he pursued his business expansion; Keating and Trump parallels are discussed. The fight between Keating and the press points to a broader tension between capitalism and the press, a central theme in the book. Keating’s lawsuits and legal threats are examined with new archival material from American Continental Corporation Archives and a Federal Bureau of Investigation FOIA request. The chapter shows how early mainstream press coverage missed signs about Keating’s political manipulation of the regulatory process. It also shows how National Thrift News engaged in detailed beat reporting where the New York Times, American Banker, and the Wall Street Journal did not.
Sauce!
Authors: Diouf Esailama G. A.
Published: September 2020

Esailama Diouf delves deep into history and genealogy to detail the significant politico-cultural figures, dance artists, institutions, and cultural nationalist positions that allowed for a reclaimed connection between African diasporic dance forms and spirit knowing. Dismantling still lingering European and North American notions of Africa and African dance and drumming, which permeate the early history of dance in the Americas, Diouf points to restoring notions of genetic birthrights and culture transmission for African Americans through a renaissance of West African dance and music on the West Coast, specifically in California. Her findings give dancers more awareness and understanding and thereby, the chance to embody their claim to spirit through communal African dance and music
Ago! Ame! Baba Chuck Speaks!
Authors: Davis Charles “Chuck” , Nance C. Kemal
Published: September 2020

C. Kemal Nance has captured the legendary perspective of Baba Chuck in a 2016 interview regarding the seminal words Davis spoke, the history he preached of African descendants in the African diaspora, and Davis’ vision of the state of African heritage traditions in the Americas today. Discussions include the history, business practices, and dancer management style Baba Chuck employed within the Chuck Davis Dance Company; they also reveal Baba Chuck’s pathway from New York to North Carolina, his connections to African dance contemporaries, such as Kariamu Welsh, and his understandings of what the future holds for his dancers and his company. This interview has become even more poignant since Baba Chuck’s recent death. When asked how he would want his legacy to be remembered, Baba Chuck answered simply, “He danced,” but the legacy he left will have him remembered for so much more and for many decades to come.
The “Gospel” of Memory
Authors: Welsh Kariamu
Published: September 2020

William Serrano-Franklin presents an interview with Assane Konte, the co-founder of a Washington, D.C. dance institution, Kankouran West African Dance Company (KWADC). Accompanied by a series of historical photographs, Serrano-Franklin documents Konte’s desire to reintroduce black Americans to West African culture through the medium of dance. Konte’s personal direction and the spirit of Kankouran have guided the development of dynamic community engagement practices with benefits beyond dance as an art form.
Muntu Dance Theatre of Chicago
Authors: Payne Amaniyea
Published: September 2020

Long famed as a mecca of African-American culture, New Orleans occupies a special place in studies of African diasporic music and dance. By outlining the historical and social factors that shaped unique expressions of African American cultural identity, Ausetta Amenkum provides an experiential account of the formation of the Kumbuka African Drum and Dance Collective, not only as a performance troupe, but also as a community institution. Utilizing poetry and an engaging tone, Amenkum situates the emergence of African dance companies founded by African Americans in the local cultural trajectory of New Orleans mid-20th century. She, then, chronicles her work and the use of African dance as a holistic approach, as she addresses a specific example: women’s incarceration issues in Louisiana.
“The Fierce Freedom of Their Souls”
Authors: Osumare Halifu
Published: September 2020

Naomi Diouf highlights the inadequacies of the vocabulary many North American and European dance critics use in reviewing African dance works by introducing a set of stylistic descriptors to help critics and choreographers alike in discussing African dance performances in an intellectually sound manner. Additionally, Diouf explores the philosophical underpinnings of African dance forms, juxtaposing them against those outside of Africa. She then artfully links that philosophical discussion to the physical demands of African dance traditions, describing African movements as demonstrative of daily traditional life. To further address this linkage of philosophy and physicality, Diouf analyzes a choreographed production, JUSAT, which portrays commonly shared community events, such as birth, initiatory rituals, warfare, and death, in an African context.
From Village to International Stage
Authors: Cornelius Steven , Iddrisu Habib
Published: September 2020

Steven Cornelius and Habib Iddrisu explore the role of traditional music and dance, specifically the Baamaaya dance/music genre of the Dagamba people during and after Ghana’s independence movement. They focus on how art forms were transformed into folkloric patrimony as policy makers staged performances and established national performance troupes to mitigate regional and ethnic tensions in a newly independent, post-colonial nation. Through their insights into the changing social contexts and the national significance of Baamaaya, the authors address questions of identity, cultural values, nationalism, and the politicization of traditional arts.
Out to Follow Scruggs’s Path
Authors: Goldsmith Thomas
Published: September 2020

Author Thomas Goldsmith introduces his quest to research the story of bluegrass banjo pioneer Earl Scruggs and that of his signature composition, “Foggy Mountain Breakdown.” Chapter describes visits to Boiling Springs, North Carolina, Scruggs’s childhood home and to Cincinnati, Ohio, where “Foggy Mountain Breakdown” was recorded in 1949. Details Goldsmith’s hiring as a newspaper journalist in Nashville, Tennessee, and his many interviews of Scruggs and other bluegrass stars. Lays groundwork for story of Scruggs’s success in music and the use of his tune in movies and many other settings.
“I grew up around a banjo”
Authors: Goldsmith Thomas
Published: September 2020

Chapter tells the story of Earl Scruggs’s childhood and school years in Boiling Springs, North Carolina, and of the early death of his father, George Elam Scruggs. Members of the family, including his mother, Lula Ruppe Scruggs, played organ, fiddle, banjo, guitar and other instruments. Scruggs had five brothers and sisters. While expected to take a full part in the backbreaking labor on the farm, Scruggs was also very occupied with music. While he was plowing, musical thoughts ran through his mind over and over. Cleveland County, where he grew up, was a thriving center of business, cotton-dominated agriculture, politics, and music.
The Piedmont’s Rich Musical Soil
Authors: Goldsmith Thomas
Published: September 2020

The piedmont areas of North and South Carolina provided much of the music that Earl Scruggs heard in his youth. After hearing the music of banjoists such as Charlie Poole, Snuffy Jenkins, Fisher Hendley, Smith Hammett and Mack Woolbright, Scruggs created his own three-finger style. Poole was a successful recording artist and model performer whose banjo playing resembled the classic style. Snuffy Jenkins is most often cited as Scruggs’s predecessor in three-finger banjo. Fisher Hendley was a businessman and civic figure as well as a musician. Woolbright was a blind musician who made a deep impression on Scruggs. Smith Hammett played a three-finger style perhaps inspired by a traveling African American musician. Hammett experienced a violent death. Scruggs came up with his own style when 10 or 11 years old while playing in the parlor of his family home in Flint Hill. Jim Mills explains Scruggs’s unique step forward.
“Like a Jackhammer”—How the Tune Works
Authors: Goldsmith Thomas
Published: September 2020

The driving 1949 recording of “Foggy Mountain Breakdown” showcased the groundbreaking banjo style that Scruggs developed in North Carolina. Beginning with a “pinch”—two strings hit strongly at once, the tune takes off, rocketing through 16 bars and 3 chords over and over, with only Scruggs and fiddler Benny Sims taking solos. Guitarist Lester Flatt makes prominent use of his characteristic “G-run” and elsewhere seems to hit E major chords where everyone else plays E minor. It’s a musical oddity that shows the relative novelty of minor chords in bluegrass, as well as creating an ear-catching sound. A section by section listen to the tune brings out Scruggs’s to-the-walls intensity as well as diversions such as a musical nod to “Columbia, the Gem of the Ocean.”
The Beverly Hillbillies Welcomes the Banjo
Authors: Goldsmith Thomas
Published: September 2020

In 1962, Flatt and Scruggs showed up on a weekly television show that quickly grabbed tens of millions of weekly viewers, the mainstream of American pop culture. This increased television presence kicked off Flatt and Scruggs’s years of greatest popularity and commercial success. Created and produced by Paul Henning, “The Beverly Hillbillies” was the top-rated television show for its first two seasons, 1962-1963 and 1963-1964. Each of the show’s 274 episodes featured the sound of Scruggs’s banjo. Seven episodes presented Lester Flatt and Earl Scruggs playing themselves, alongside such show-biz veterans as Buddy Ebsen and Irene Ryan. As bluegrass started to gain fans from nontraditional audiences, Flatt and Scruggs benefited but were seen as less hard-core than Monroe and the Stanley brothers. However, the 1960s presented both hit records and arguments over musical style. Flatt didn’t like the Bob Dylan songs that Scruggs wanted to record. The duo parted ways in 1969.
Paths to Chicago
Authors: Kanter Deborah E.
Published: September 2020

The first Mexican newcomers moved to Chicago in the 1920s. Elidia Barroso’s diary offers a personal glimpse into movement in Mexico to Texas and eventually to Illinois. The 1929 ballad “El corrido de Texas” (recorded in Chicago) also follows Mexicans’ tracks north in search of employment. Mexicans entered a city of diverse immigrant populations and without entrenched anti-Mexican feelings. Mexican settlement patterns and religious life in Chicago were closely connected. The powerful and multiethnic archdiocese welcomed Mexicans and encouraged the establishment of two parishes with Spanish-speaking clergy. These churches recognized Mexican religious devotion. The new Catholic parishes, together with settlement houses, enabled the first wave of Mexicans and their family members to gain a toehold in Chicago, a place that became less diasporic and more like home.
The Development of Mormon Priesthood
Authors: MacKay Michael Hubbard
Published: September 2020

This chapter charts the emergence of Mormon priesthood through Smith’s restoration scripture and describes the institutional priesthood that defined Smith as the president of the high priesthood and ultimate appellate judge within a structure that came to include both a higher and a lower priesthood. The chapter explores Smith’s narrative of authority extending back in time before the garden of Eden and forward in time to Joseph Smith in the last dispensation. With the power of his prophetic voice, Smith recast the Bible and added the book of Moses, the Book of Mormon, and his own revelations to the revelatory foundation of his church. The chapter further charts the emergence of the term priesthood in Mormonism when Joseph Smith began to connect the Bible with his new restoration scripture that marked a genealogy of priesthood back to Adam. Through this lineage of power, Smith defined an authority traced from patriarch to patriarch, preceding hundreds of years of Catholic succession. Smith became the fountainhead of all things Mormon, distributing and sustaining all authority and power in a well-organized religious system.
Epilogue
Authors: MacKay Michael Hubbard
Published: September 2020

This is a book about the foundations of Mormon authority, but it’s only the beginning of a long saga detailing the captivating story of Mormon priesthood. It has focused on what has traditionally been called the restoration of Mormon priesthood, which expanded further in the final years of Joseph Smith’s life. Stretching this volume a little beyond its intended scope, this epilogue will briefly open the door for the next phase of authority in Mormon history, tracing the development of Mormon liturgy in five key areas.
Introduction
Authors: Şenay Banu
Published: September 2020

This chapter introduces the reader to the ethnographic setting in Istanbul and to the core themes of the book. It addresses the ambiguous public life of the ney under the Turkish Republic, presenting it as a nexus point of interactions between individuals, national, and extra-national actors. It explores the ney’s contemporary material, artistic, symbolic, and pedagogical practices and meanings. In laying out the process of apprentice-style methodology undertaken to research the ney, the chapter also reflects upon the dual roles and demands of being both apprentice and researcher, as well as the consequences each entails for ethnographic writing.
Music and Ethical Modification
Authors: Şenay Banu
Published: September 2020

Engaging with current debates in anthropology around ethics, moral subjectivity, and self-formation, this chapter examines the transformative power of this Islam-infused musical practice to cultivate in learners not only new artistic but also new ethical perceptions. It discusses the ways in which the process of becoming a skillful ney-player involves much more than technical competence, illustrating how students are socialized into new ways of being as well as into new ways of relating to other selves and to the city. I frame the transformative faculty of this musical enterprise ‘ethical modification’ to avoid over-privileging the efficacy of the skilled practice for fashioning radically different moral selves.
I Haven’t Felt My Hands in Years
Authors: Strange Jason G.
Published: September 2020

The previous chapter focused on the role of literacy and schooling in creating “cultural division in a capitalist society”; this chapter focuses upon the role of labor and jobs. Beginning with an ethnographic description of work in a factory in eastern Kentucky, the chapter explores lower-tier jobs as a source of damage and limitation for workers, and poses the question of whether such jobs are inevitable in an industrial society. In answering that question, the chapter offers a primer on the political economy of capitalism and exploitation; contrasts low-quality jobs with professional, high-quality jobs; and discusses real-world alternatives to capitalism. The conclusion is that damaging jobs are mostly a side-effect of the ownership architecture of capitalism; they are not an unavoidable feature of industrial society.