bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI BAHAYA KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3) PADA PEMULUNG DI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR (TPA) TERJUN
Authors: Deli Syaputri  , Manalu Samuel Marganda Halomoan , Soedjadi Theodorus Teddy Bambang , Tanjung Risnawati
Published: April 2022

Potential hazards of Occupational Health and Safety at the Final Disposal Site have a hazard risk to the safety and health aspects of workers. This research is a qualitative research that aims to explore a problem with detailed boundaries, as wel as in-depth data collection. The number of informants in this study were 6 people. Data collection was carried out using direct observations conducted on workers and in-depth interviews with research respondents equipped with a voice recorder which was conducted to 6 informants. The results of the research conducted there are potential hazards that still need to be considered and controlled. There are several potential hazards that result in accidents and occupational diseases, namely: 1. Physical hazard factors, such as being pierced by sharp objects (thorns, nails, glass shards, waste baskets, gancu), slipping due to slippery roads and piles of garbage, falling, and noise. 2. Chemical hazard factors, such as toxic materials. 3. Ergonomic hazard factors, such as Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDs), deformity. 4. Psychological hazard factors, such as pressure between scavengers. 5. Biological hazard factors, such as those caused by vectors and animals that disturb flies, rats, mosquitoes, cockroaches and fungi. 6. Environmental hazard factors, such as damaging the environment, air pollution, and soil pollution. 7. Behavioral hazard factors, such as not using masks and gloves, causing unsafe conditions and unsafe actions. Suggestions that can be given are to increase supervision of workers so that workers do not do things that can harm themselves or others, provide sanctions for workers who violate the rules, and equip workers with Personal Protective Equipment in accordance with their work.
CONTAINER DAN RUMAH POSITIF JENTIK NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI TERHADAP KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
Authors: Theodorus Teddy Bambang Soedjadi  , Tanjung Risnawati , Syaputri Deli , Manalu Samuel Marganda Halomoan
Published: April 2022

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the environmental health problems that tends to increase in the number of sufferers and the wider the area of ??distribution, in line with increasing mobility and population density. In Indonesia, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) has been recognized since 1968 in Surabaya and Jakarta. The presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in an area is an indicator of the presence of Aedes aegypti mosquito populations in that area. Environmental conditions are one of the conditions that can affect the development of mosquito larvae. Based on data from the Toba Samosir District Health Office, the incidence of dengue fever in Toba Samosir Regency continues to increase from year to year. In 2012 there were 24 cases. In 2013 and 2014 it increased to 25 cases and 51 cases. Then in 2015 it increased again to 77 cases. Data in 2016 and 2017 increased sharply to 110 cases and 129 cases. Throughout 2012 to 2017, In January to June 2018 there were 49 cases and Balige District became the highest data contributor. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between containers and houses positive for Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae with the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Toba Samosir Regency. Observational study with a case control design with a ratio of 1:1 (49 cases and 49 controls). The statistical test used is Chi-Square. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the container inside the house was larva positive, the container outside the house was larva positive, and the house was larva positive were risk factors for the incidence of DHF. For this reason, it is necessary to implement PSN in the form of 3M (draining, burying, and planting things).
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PRE EKLAMPSIA DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH (RSUD) SUNGAI LILIN TAHUN 2021
Authors: Dwi Dwi Mayang Sari , Murdiningsih  , Sartika Titin Dewi
Published: April 2022

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) merupakan indikator utama derajat kesehatan masyarakat dan ditetapkan sebagai salah satu tujuan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Menurut World Health Organization (WHO) Angka kematian ibu (AKI) masih sangat tinggi, sekitar 830 wanita meninggal akibat komplikasi terkait kehamilan atau persalinan di seluruh dunia setiap hari, dan sekitar 303.000 wanita meninggal selama dan setelah kehamilan dan persalinan. Penyebab kematian ibu merupakan masalah kompleks. Penyebab langsung kematian ibu adalah perdarahan, infeksi, dan preeklampsia/eklampsia.Faktor preeklampsia/eklampsia antara lainadalah usia, paritas, ras, genetik, kehamilan multiple dan riwayat hipertensi kronis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan umur, paritas dan jarak kehamilan secara simultan dengan kejadian pre eklampsia di RSUD Sungai Lilin tahun 2021. Desain penelitian menggunakan survey analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan teknik case control dengan perbandingan 1:1 sebanyak 178 ibu bersalin yaitu 89 ibu preeklampsia dan 89 ibu tidak preeklampsia. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan systematic random sampling. Analisa data menggunakan analisa univariat dan analisa bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi square. 

Hasil penelitian ada hubungan umur ibu (p value = 0,001), paritas (p value = 0,001)dan jarak kehamilan (p value = 0,041) dengan kejadian pre eklampsia di RSUD Sungai Lilin tahun 2021 (p value = 0,001). 

Kesimpulan ada hubungan umur, paritas dan jarak kehamilan dengan kejadian pre eklampsia di RSUD Sungai Lilin tahun 2021.
Hubungan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif terhadap perkembangan Emosi pada BATITA
Authors: Purba Juliani
Published: April 2022

Asi merupakan cairan biologis kompleks yang didalamnya terkandung semua nutrient yang berguna untuk pertumbuhan fisik dan perkembangan bayi dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan asuh (fisi-biomedis), Asih (kebutuhan kasih saying/emosi, dan asah (kebutuhan akan stimulasi). ASI Ekslusif adalah pemberian ASI kepada bayi sejak lahir hingga usia 6 bulan tanpa penambahan makanan/minuman lain. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan di Puskesmas Bah Kapul, pada tahun 2020 jumlah anak yang terjaring dalam pemeriksaan emosi menggunakan kuesioner masalah mental emosional (KMME), sebesar 246 (anak usia 3 – 6 tahun) yang terdata mengalami gangguan emosi sebanyak 46 anak (18,7 %) dan yang mendapatkan pelayanan di fasilitas kesehatan lanjutan sebanyak 12 anak sedangkan cakupan ASI eksklusif menurut data tahun 2018 sebesar 79,06%. Jumlah anak usia 4 - 5 tahun (yang lahir di tahun 2016 – 2020) yang ada di rekam medis (buku register pasien) Puskesmas Bah Kapul sebanyak 369 anak, yang dulu mendapat ASI eksklusif sesuai rekam medis puskesmas sebanyak 196 anak dan yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif sebanyak 173 anak.  Metode penelitian dengan menggunakan metode  penelitian analitik observasional. Penelitian analitik adalah penelitian yang mencoba menggali bagaimana dan mengapa fenomena kesehatan itu terjadi, kemudian melakukan analisis dinamika korelasi antara fenomena yaitu faktor resiko dengan faktor efek dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan  menelaah pengaruh pemberian ASI. Dan hasil penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan Chi-Square p-value= 0,017 terdapat hubungan pemberian ASI Eksklusif terhadap Perkembangan Emosi pada Batita
FAKTOR RESIKO TERJADINYA HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA
Authors: Hajri Zuhratul , Suprayitna Marthilda
Published: April 2022

Peningkatan umur harapan hidup (UHH) menyebabkan populasi lanjut usia (lebih dari 75 tahun) meningkat secara pesat di negara berkembang dan berdampak pada pergeseran pola penyakit dari penyakit infeksi ke penyakit degenerative salah satunya adalah hipertensi. Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi merupakan masalah kesehatan yang ada di masyarakat dan merupakan salah satu kondisi jangka panjang dengan prevalensi 50% berada pada usia lanjut. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian hipertensi antara lain adalah merokok, berat badan berlebih, aktivitas fisik, umur dan asupan garam. Kelima faktor tersebut merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada lansia dari tahun ke tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisi faktor resiko terjadinya hipertensi pada lansia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada pengaruh signifikan antara factor aktivitas fisik terhadap hipertensi dengan nilai P-value sebesar 0,001 yang lebih kecil dari alpha 0,05 (?=5%).
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI FORMULA PASTA GIGI EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomomum burmanni) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Streptococcus mutans (ATCC)
Authors: Syahdiana Waty
Published: April 2022

Streptococcus mutans is one of the dominant bacteria in the oral cavity. These bacteria are the main bacteria that cause dental caries. Toothpaste containing fluoride is important for preventing tooth decay. The use of fluoridated toothpaste poses a dilemma because it can cause side effects in the form of fluorosis when used in concentrations that are not recommended. However, there is an alternative way, namely by using a toothpaste that contains essential oils and plant extracts (herbs).

The type of research used is the experimental method. The samples in this study were Streptococcus mutans (ATCC) bacteria, cinnamon bark ethanol extract toothpaste, negative control (toothpaste base) and positive control (Enzyme toothpaste). All toothpaste samples were put into TYC media which contained Streptococcus mutans. Incubation for 1x24 hours, then the size of the inhibition zone was calculated and repeated 4 times. The results showed that the cinnamon bark ethanol extract toothpaste formula made in three concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25% and 12.5% ??had antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC). The results obtained showed that there was a significant difference for the two test groups p < 0.05.    Two test groups showed great potential as antibacterial. These results are expected to be information to the public that the ethanolic extract of cinnamon bark can be used as an active ingredient in toothpaste.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN KINERJA POSYANDU DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS HANOPAN KECAMATAN ARSE KABUPATEN TAPANULI SELATAN TAHUN 2020
Authors: Meidiawaty Siregar  , Satyawaty Sulubara
Published: April 2022

Integrated Healthcare Centre is form Sourced Health Efforts Community Power that is managed and organized of, by, for, and with community, use empower community and provide convenience in get service health. Destination study this is for knowing performance Integrated Healthcare Centre in the work area public health centre Hanopan District Arse District South Tapanuli. Study this use method quantitative with design cross sectional research. For Study conducted During month January until November 2020. Research results showing that performance Integrated Healthcare Centre working area public health center Hanopan Arse District by whole belong to less. That thing caused by low Integrated Healthcare Centre output component, so that influence acquisition performance Integrated Healthcare Centre . Research results for self-subsistent community, coaching Integrated Healthcare Centre , and participation figure work area community public health center Hanopan Arse District in 2020 in the whole is also included less. Then for the results of statistical tests carried out showing that , from third factor the only self-subsistent community and development Integrated Healthcare Centre that has connection with performance Integrated Healthcare Centre
LITERATURE RIVIEW : GAMBARAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN KELUARGA DALAM MERAWAT ANGGOTA KELUARGA PENDERITA SKIZOFRENIA
Authors: Tinah Tinah , Zubaida
Published: April 2022

Schizophrenia is a persistent and serious brain disease that results in psychotic behavior, concrete thinking and difficulty processing information, interpersonal relationships, and problem solving. family is an open system, which means a change or disruption in one part of the entire system. This means that when one member of the family suffers from schizophrenia, the whole family feels the negative impact. Families generally experience feelings of sadness, anxiety, fear, worry and confusion in dealing with family members who experience schizophrenia.To find similarities, strengths and weaknesses of family anxiety levels in caring for family members with schizophrenia. based on the literature review study. From the literature review. In general, the level of family anxiety in caring for family members with schizophrenia is moderate.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI TERMOFILIK PENGHASIL AMILASE DARI SUMBER AIR PANAS SIDEBUK-DEBUK SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Suharti Nin Suharti , Putra Geminsah
Published: April 2022

Hot springs or hot springs are springs that are produced as a result of the release of groundwater from the earth's crust after experiencing geothermal heating. Indonesia is one of the most active tectonic regions in the world with more than 70 active volcanoes, and has many geothermal areas. Hot springs are a suitable growth medium for thermophilic bacteria. Thermophilic bacteria are a group of bacteria that adapt to high-temperature environmental conditions, with temperatures ranging from 50°C-75°C. The natural habitat of thermophilic bacteria is widespread throughout the earth's surface, including in hot springs, volcanic craters or volcanic areas. One of the hot springs in North Sumatra province is sidebuk-debuk, which is located in Bandar Baru sub-district. is a hot spring, which has a temperature between 50°C – 75°C. At this time thermophilic bacteria are studied and researched intensively for reasons of developing basic research and biotechnology applications. Thermophilic bacteria have the potential to produce heat-resistant/ thermostable enzymes and can be used in industry, waste treatment processes and mineral weathering. Amylase is an important enzyme that is widely used in industrial applications through synthesis reactions and hydrolysis reactions, accounting for almost 65% of the total sales of enzymes in the world. Researchers are interested in knowing more about the role of thermostable enzymes in modern biotechnology today, therefore it is necessary to conduct research aimed at isolating and identifying local isolates of thermophilic bacteria as potential sources of enzymes, especially in North Sumatra. From this study, 19 isolates of Bacillus sp bacteria were obtained from Sidebuk-debuk hot springs based on phenotypic characters by looking at macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical characteristics, with 9 isolates of thermophilic bacteria that have the potential to produce amylase as indicated by the presence of a clear zone around the bacterial colonies.Keywords: Hot Springs, Bacillus sp Bacteria,
PENGARUH PELATIHAN HYGIENE DAN SANITASI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN TINDAKAN PENJAMAH MAKANAN DI INSTALASI GIZI RS H. AMRI TAMBUNAN DELI SERDANG
Authors: Rohani Retnauli Simanjuntak
Published: April 2022

Food handler is a major factor of food poisoning because it directly touches food. The knowledge and attitude of food handler on hygiene and sanitation can affect the application of hygiene and sanitation in food maintenance process. Poor hygiene and sanitation in food maintenance can affect the quality of food produced. Efforts to improve food-enhancing skills to produce quality food, there is a need for food hygiene and sanitation training. The purpose of this study was to analyses the effect of hygiene and sanitation training on the knowledge, attitudes and action of food-processor. This is a quasi experiment study with pre and post test draft with 12 samples. Knowledge, attitudes and practices data were obtained through questionnaires. The results show that there was a significant improvement before and after the training (knowledge : 6.08±0.99 and 7.83±0.93) values P = 0,000, the sample attitude 18.08 ± 1.56 to 25.25 ± 1.42 values P = 0,000 and practices 9.67±2.30 to 15.75±1.35. Another results showed that there were affect of hygiene and sanitation training of knowledge (p = 0,000 < 0.05), attitude (p=0,000 < 0.05) and action (p = 0,000 < 0.05) food handler in the nutrition installation of Deli Serdang regional hospital.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG CARA MENJAGA KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT ANAK UMUR 10-12 TAHUN DI LINGKUNGAN IV-V KAMPUNG ISLAM KECAMATAN TUMINTING
Authors: Ni Made Yuliana  , Jeineke E. Ratuela  , Mustapa Bidjuni
Published: April 2022

Dental and oral health is very important to always be maintained, one way to prevent dental and oral health problems can be done by brushing teeth. A good frequency and time of brushing teeth is 3 times a day in the morning after breakfast, in the afternoon after lunch and at night before going to bed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of tooth brushing frequency on the debris index in fifth grade students at SD Kartika XXI-4, Paal Dua District, Manado City. This type of research is analytic with a cross sectional study approach using the total sampling method. The frequency of brushing teeth was measured using a check-list sheet to find out how many times the respondent brushed his teeth in a day, and the debris index was examined using the debris index examination format. The research results obtained were then processed using the analysis of the Kendall's tau correlations test. The results of the analysis using the kendall's tau correlation test obtained a value of -0.798 with a strong correlation strength with a p value of 0.000 smaller than the value of = 0.05 so that there is a significant correlation value between the variable frequency of brushing teeth and the debris index variable with a negative correlation direction (- ) which means that the greater the frequency of brushing the teeth, the smaller the value of the debris index. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of tooth brushing frequency on the debris index.
ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA PERDARAHAN POST PARTUM PADA IBU BERSALIN
Authors: Lovandia Destri , Sartika Silaban Titin Dewi , Ramadhani Sendy Pratiwi
Published: April 2022

The World Health Organization estimates that about 810 women die every day from complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Maternal mortality rate (MMR) is the ratio of maternal mortality during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum caused by pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum or their handling but not due to other causes. other causes such as accidental or incidental to every 100,000 live births. The maternal mortality rate is still high at 305 per 100,000 births. The causes of death that are often found in mothers are complications that occur during childbirth including 1,280 cases of bleeding, 1,066 cases of hypertension in pregnancy, and 207 cases of infection. Postpartum bleeding is bleeding vaginally 500 ccs or after the child is born. The purpose of this study was to determine parity, age, and spacing of pregnancies. This study uses an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional approach. The population used in this study were all mothers who gave birth, amounting to 958 people. The sampling technique of this research is simple random sampling by making the entire population a sample of 36 people. The results of the univariate analysis showed that 25 (69.4%) respondents had high parity and as many as 11 (30.6%), 17 (47.2%) respondents had a risk age and 19 (52.8%) and 16 (44, 4%) respondents have short birth spacing and as many as 20 (55.6%) respondents have normal birth spacing. From the results of the bivariate data analysis using the chi-square statistical test, it shows the limit of significance = 0.05, it is known that there is a significant relationship between parity p. value 0.004, there is a significant relationship between age p.value 0.008 and there is a significant relationship between gestational distance with the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage with p.value 0.003. Based on the results of this study, it is expected to be a contribution to advising health workers and the hospital to prevent the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage
ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA HIPERTENSI PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Tias Tanti Ni Kadek , Sartika Silaban Titin Dewi
Published: April 2022

The maternal mortality rate is still very high, where every 2 minutes somewhere in the world, a woman dies due to pregnancy complications. Efforts to reduce MMR include an early pregnancy detection program by carrying out a standard pregnancy check-up with 8 visits. One of the causes of pregnancy complications is hypertension. This study aims to determine the relationship between age, gravidity, family history of hypertension, and BMI with the incidence of hypertension in pregnant women. This study uses a quantitative type of research using an analytic survey design, namely a cross-sectional population of all pregnant women who check their pregnancy, the sample in this study amounted to 34 respondents with the sampling technique using the Accidental Sampling technique. Data collection was obtained by using a questionnaire, statistical tests using the chi-square test. The results of this study indicate that 26 respondents suffer from hypertension (76.5%) and 8 people do not suffer from hypertension (23.5%). The results of statistical tests showed that there was a relationship between age (p=0.002) and an OR of 23.3. There was a relationship between gravity (p=0.003) and an OR of 10. There was a relationship between a family history of hypertension (p=0.014) and an OR of 13.22. There is a relationship between BMI (p=0.009). It can be concluded that there is a relationship between age, gravidity, family history of hypertension, and BMI with the incidence of hypertension in pregnant women. Suggestions for Puskesmas should be formed a team of health extension workers to increase knowledge of pregnant women regarding risk factors for hypertension to minimize complications in pregnancy.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA
Authors: Emi Inayah Sari Siregar
Published: April 2022

Introduction: One of the risk factors for hypertension is the wrong dietary habits. The habit of consuming fast food, foods that contain preservatives, sodium and high fat foods are examples of wrong dietary habits. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the relationship of dietary habits with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly based on a study of the last 5 years. Design: Systematic Review. Sources of comprehensive electronic data searches were conducted on Pubmed, Google Schoolar, Garuda Portal and Mendeley. Review Method: The keywords used in this study are “dietary habit” AND “incidence of hypertenysion” AND “elderly”. The inclusion criteria used in this study are: (1) the population is elderly with hypertension, (2) not research articles with intervention, (3) articles published in 2016-2021, (4) open access free full text, (5) International reputation such as: Scimago and indexed Nationally such as: Garuda and Sinta and (6) articles in Indonesian and English. Results: The number of 9 journals reviewed by researchers showed that most diets cause hypertension in the elderly, such as diets with high sodium intake, intake of fatty foods and consumption of fermented foods or drinks. Conclusion: there is a relationship between dietary habits and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly based on empirical studies of the last five years. Suggestion: the results of this study are expected to be used as information material about a good diet for the elderly so that the incidence of hypertension can be prevented.
Value of syndromic panels in the management of severe community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Burillo Almudena , Candel Francisco Javier , Canut-Blasco Andrés
Published: April 2022

Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospital admission is a prevalent and potentially serious infection, especially in high-risk patients (e.g., those requiring ICU admission or immunocompromised). International guidelines recommend early aetiological diagnosis to improve prognosis and reduce mortality. Syndromic panels that detect causative pathogens by molecular methods are here to stay. They are highly sensitive and specific for detecting the targets included in the test. A growing number of studies measuring their clinical impact have observed increased treatment appropriateness and decreased turnaround time to aetiological diagnosis, need for admission, length of hospital stay, days of isolation, adverse effects of medication and hospital costs. Its use is recommended a) per a pre-established protocol on making the diagnosis and managing the patient, b) together with an antimicrobial stewardship programme involving both the Microbiology Service and the clinicians responsible for the patient, and c) the final evaluation of the whole process. However, we recall that microbiological diagnosis with traditional methods remains mandatory due to the possibility that the aetiological agent is not included among the molecular targets and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the pathogens detected.
New evidence in severe pneumonia: meropenem-vaborbactam
Authors: Forteza Guillot María , Martín Cerezuela María , Ramírez Paula
Published: April 2022

The appearance and spread of new mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a serious health problem. One of the most difficult resistance mechanisms to treat is the production of carbapenemases. Carbapenemase KPC is one of those mechanisms with few therapeutic options. Meropenem-vaborbactam has shown great efficacy against this type of microorganism, both from a clinical and microbiological point of view. Its good pharmacokinetics, including in the lung, and its safety profile make meropenem-vaborbactam an excellent therapeutic option. Finally, the absence of resistance genesis during treatment seems to indicate that its efficacy will be long-lasting.
New evidence in severe pneumonia: imipenem/ cilastatin/relebactam
Authors: Girón Rosa Mª , Ibáñez Amparo , Gómez-Punter Rosa Mar , Alarcón Teresa
Published: April 2022

Imipenem combined with beta-lactamase inhibitor relebactam (IMI/REL) has an extensive bactericidal activity against Gram-negative pathogens producing class A or class C beta-lactamases, not active against class B and class D. The phase 3 clinical trial (RESTORE-IMI-2), double-blind, randomized, evaluated IMI/REL vs. piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP/TAZ) for treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), demonstrated non-inferiority at all-cause mortality at 28 days (15.9% vs 21.3%), favorable clinical response at 7-14 days end of treatment (61% vs 59.8%) and with minor serious adverse effects (26.7% vs 32%). IMI/REL is a therapeutic option in HAP and VAP at approved dosage imipenem 500 mg, cilastatin 500 mg and relebactam 250 mg once every 6h, by an IV infusion over 30 min.
Ventilation support in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Strategy and indications
Authors: Gordo Federico , Parro Laura , Mohamed Mohamed
Published: April 2022

The SARS-CoV2 pandemic has generated a need for knowledge, new concepts in pathophysiology and an increase of the use of respiratory support in highly complex patients. This fact has provoked the need to evolve to the concept of personalized ventilatory support according to the patient’s response to treatment.
Steroid therapy and antiviral treatment in SARSCoV-2 pneumonia: clinical contexts and indications
Authors: Torres Antoni , Cilloniz Catia
Published: April 2022

Critically ill patients with COVID-19 face a higher risk of disease progression and complications. The current standard of care includes supportive care measures and fluid management. The Recovery trial observed a reduction in all-cause, 28-day mortality (p<0.001) when patients with COVID-19 requiring oxygen therapy received 6 mg of dexamethasone per day for 10 days. In contrast, in patients not requiring oxygen, no benefit was observed: 28-day mortality rates for the dexamethasone and routine care groups were 17.8% and 14%, respectively. To corroborate these results, the World Health Organization (WHO) performed a meta-analysis. The study showed that the use of systemic corticosteroids compared with routine care placebo was associated with a decrease in all-cause, 28-day mortality. With respect to the effectiveness of remdesivir, the ACTT-1 trial found that the drug conferred a benefit on time to clinical improvement. The subgroup analysis in the clinical trial also showed a benefit per mortality in patients requiring supplemental oxygen, albeit not those in need of mechanical ventilation.
Immune treatment in COVID-19
Authors: Menéndez Rosario , González Paula , Latorre Ana , Méndez Raúl
Published: April 2022

Current immune treatment directed to avoid viral replication relies mainly in convalescent plasma and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). No clinical benefit for convalescent plasma has been reported in a meta-analysis and systematic review compared to standard of care. MAbs are recombinant proteins capable to bind with SARS-CoV-2 preventing its entrance into cells. Several mAbs have shown reduction in viral load and/or progression of the disease such as casirivimab-imdevimab, bamlanivimab-etesevimab and sotrovimab. After the apparition of Omicron variant, it has been reported that sotrovimab retained its activity whereas the other two combinations exhibited loss of neutralizing activity. Several aspects as the target population, timing and doses, serological patient status and evolution of variants still require attention, monitorization and further studies for knowledge gaps.
Aspiration pneumonia
Authors: Niederman Michael S. , Cilloniz Catia
Published: April 2022

The growing population of older people worldwide represents a great challenge for health systems. The elderly are at increased risk of infectious diseases such as pneumonia, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality related mainly to age-related physiological changes in the immune system (immunosenescence), the presence of multiple chronic comorbidities, and frailty. In pneumonia, microaspiration is recognized as the main pathogenic mechanism; while macroaspiration which refers to the aspiration of a large amount of oropharyngeal or upper gastrointestinal content passing through the vocal cords and trachea into the lungs is identified as “aspiration pneumonia”. Although there are strategies for the prevention and management of patients with pneumonia that have been shown to be effective in older people with pneumonia, more research is needed on aspiration pneumonia, its risk factors and outcomes, especially since there are no specific criteria for its diagnosis and consequently, the studies on aspiration pneumonia include heterogeneous populations.
Top-ten papers in pneumonia (2020-2021)
Authors: Sancho Susana , Fortea Rubén , Martín Rubén
Published: April 2022

Despite the fact that the last year has been marked by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there have been many articles published on non-COVID pneumonia. Making the selection has not been easy, having based on those articles that we think can bring us some novelty and help in clinical practice. We have divided the selection into seven sections: patient severity, diagnosis, treatment, ventilation, novelties in the guidelines, fungal infection and organ donation.
Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to occupational pneumonia
Authors: España Yandiola Pedro Pablo , Uranga Etxeberria Ane , Artaraz Ereño Amaia , Jodar Samper Ana
Published: April 2022

We shall define occupational pneumonia as a disease of external origin, closely tied to the workplace setting and caused by biological microorganisms. The main pathogens are bacteria, fungi and viruses. There are a number of occupations specifically prone to the possibility of acquiring pneumonia when performing work duties. In addition to the diagnostic methods and drug treatments current in infectious processes, a good clinical history, with avoidance and protection measures would be the most important tools for the management of occupational pneumonia. Social and demographic changes in the last two decades have made zoonotic infections, and especially viruses, the main cause of new infections. Human health and animal health are closely linked, so collaboration between veterinarians and doctors, together with the necessary environmental respect and conservation, plus the appropriate public policies are essential to avoid these wide negative effects.
Etiology, diagnosis, and management of pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients
Authors: Salavert Lletí Miguel , Cabañero Navalón Marta Dafne , Tasias Pitarch Mariona , García-Bustos Víctor
Published: April 2022

Patients with a compromised immune system suffer a wide variety of insults. Pulmonary complications remain a major cause of both morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. When such individuals present with radiographic infiltrates, the clinician faces a diagnostic challenge. The differential diagnosis in this setting is broad and includes both infectious and non-infectious conditions. Evaluation of the immunocompromised host with diffuse pulmonary infiltrates can be difficult, frustrating, and time-consuming. This common and serious problem results in significant morbidity and mortality, approaching 90%. Infections are the most common causes of both acute and chronic lung diseases leading to respiratory failure. Non-invasive diagnostic methods for evaluation are often of little value, and an invasive procedure (such as bronchoalveolar lavage, transbronchial biopsy or even open lung biopsy) is therefore performed to obtain a microbiologic and histologic diagnosis. Bronchoscopy allows certain identification of some aetiologies, and often allows the exclusion of infectious agents. Early use of computed tomography scanning is able to demonstrate lesions missed by conventional chest X-ray. However, even when a specific diagnosis is made, it might not impact patient’s overall survival and outcomes.
PELAKSANAAN DIDIK HIBUR DALAM PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA BAHASA MELAYU MURID LINUS TAHUN 3
Authors: Unjong Pauline , Seruji Zuraini
Published: April 2022

Abstract: This study is to obtain information about the fun learning techniques in education for the Malay language that focuses on teaching and learning specifically for LINUS Year 3 students used by teachers from three schools selected in the Sibu district for the study sample. This study was conducted to identify the use of fun learning techniques involving four essential elements which are singing, storytelling, acting, and using pantun. The implementation of this study to carry out quantitative analysis by applying investigative instruments. The instruments of the investigation are to answer by the teachers involved in this study. The study showed that using the teaching method using these four elements can improve the reading skills of LINUS Year 3 students, and teachers use fun learning techniques in teaching and reading the Malay language for LINUS Year 3 students. The implementation of fun learning in teaching Malay language using singing techniques shows that the overall mean is at a high level (M = 4.02, SP = 0.71), storytelling technique (M = 3.87, SP = 0.60), acting technique (M = 3.74, SP = 0.58) and pantun technique indicate the overall mean is at a simple stage (M = 3.50, SP = 0.74). In conclusion, using fun learning techniques to entertain using the four important elements can improve Malay language reading skills and positively impact the learning process of LINUS Year 3 students.

Keywords: Fun learning; LINUS; teaching and learning; LINUS Year 3

 

Abstrak: Kajian ini dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk mendapatkan maklumat tentang penggunaan kaedah didik hibur dalam Bahasa Melayu yang memfokuskan pengajaran dan pembelajaran untuk murid LINUS Tahun 3 yang digunakan oleh guru di tiga buah sekolah di daerah Sibu yang terpilih untuk sampel kajian. Kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengenal pasti penggunaan kaedah didik hibur yang melibatkan empat elemen iaitu nyanyian, bercerita, lakonan dan menggunakan pantun 2 kerat. Pelaksanaan kajian ini dilaksanakan secara analisis kuantitatif dengan menerapkan instrumen soal selidik. Instrumen soal selidik yang dilaksanakan dijawab oleh guru terlibat dalam kajian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan penggunaan kaedah didik hibur menggunakan empat elemen ini dapat meningkatkan kemahiran membaca murid LINUS Tahun 3 dan guru menggunakan didik hibur dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran membaca murid LINUS Tahun 3. Pelaksanaan didik hibur dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Bahasa Melayu menggunakan teknik nyanyian menunjukkan min keseluruhan berada pada tahap yang tinggi (M = 4.02, SP = 0.71), teknik bercerita (M = 3.87, SP = 0.60), teknik lakonan (M = 3.74, SP = 0.58) dan teknik pantun (dua kerat) menunjukkan min keseluruhan berada pada tahap yang sederhana (M = 3.50, SP = 0.74). Kesimpulannya penggunaan kaedah didik hibur menggunakan empat elemen ini dapat meningkatkan kemahiran membaca Bahasa Melayu serta memberikan kesan positif semasa proses pembelajaran murid LINUS Tahun 3.

Kata kunci: Didik hibur; LINUS; pengajaran dan pembelajaran
PANDANGAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP IMEJ DESTINASI YANG MELAMBANGKAN SIBU
Authors: Shaik Hussain Shaik Azahar , Petrus Olivia Erina
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Studies on destination image have often been a focus in the field of tourism research in recent years. This is because destination image plays an important role in marketing a destination and shows the uniqueness of a destination. This study will explain in more detail with respect to the Sibu community views on destination image that Sibu symbolizes. The aims of this study are to identify destination image of Sibu and to analyze factors influencing the formation of destination image of Sibu. The researcher used the quantitative method by distributing 384 questionnaires to the respondents. Through this study, the researcher found that the image of food is the choice of the majority of the Sibu community with respect to the destination image that symbolizes Sibu. This study will contribute to the practical importance that needs to be done by the management.

Keywords: Destination Image; Sibu; Symbol; Tourism; View

 

Abstrak: Kajian tentang imej destinasi sering menjadi fokus dalam bidang penulisan pelancongan sejak beberapa tahun kebelakangan ini.  Ini kerana imej destinasi memainkan peranan penting dalam memasarkan sesebuah destinasi dan menunjukkan keunikan sesebuah destinasi. Kajian ini akan menjelaskan dengan lebih terperinci berkenaan dengan imej destinasi pada masyarakat penduduk di Sibu. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti imej destinasi Sibu dan menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi gambaran imej destinasi Sibu dalam kalangan masyarakat di Sibu. Pengkaji menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif dengan mengedarkan 384 borang soal selidik kepada responden. Melalui kajian ini, pengkaji mendapati bahawa imej makanan merupakan pilihan majoriti masyarakat Sibu berkenaan dengan imej destinasi yang melambangkan Sibu. Kajian ini akan menyumbang kepada kepentingan praktikal yang perlu dilakukan oleh pihak pengurusan.

Kata kunci: Imej Destinasi; Lambang; Pandangan; Pelancongan; Sibu
ASIAN STILLBIRTHS VIS-À-VIS BLEACHING CREAM TOXICITY: COLORISM AS CRITICAL SOCIAL WORK EXPLANATION
Authors: E. Hall Ronald
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Colorism as suggested by social science is a veiled construct less acknowledged in the Social Work curriculum and the Social Work literature. The objective of colorism directs Asian women to engage in efforts that they may acquire by artificial means access to having light skin. Such access is facilitated by application of toxic bleaching cream ingredients which include mercury, arsenic and hydroquinone. According to empirical investigations said ingredients factor in events of stillbirth colorism. Light-skinned Asian women are less susceptible to such stillbirth events attributed to their inherent complexions. The continual use of toxic bleaching creams may be an explanation of the 33 1/3% of global stillbirths unresolved. As pertains to Asian countries in general India, Pakistan, and China significantly account for nearly 50% of all the stillbirths globally. The acknowledgement of colorism in the context of Asian women experiencing stillbirth must be addressed by unveiling the stillbirth crisis.

Keywords: Asian; Stillbirth; Dark skin; Health risks
THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND COMMUNITY-BASED PLANNING IN SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Mia Md. Tuhin , Islam Monirul , Sakin Jubaida , Al-Hamadi Jehan
Published: April 2022

The primary purpose of this article is to discuss about the community role in sustainable development and to expand understanding of the prospects for sustainable community development activity. This article explores the idea of sustainable community development and the type of development to improve the quality of life within communities. Authors identified that sustainable community development depends on community engagement and planning. The activities include meeting the social and financial needs of its residents while preserving and sustaining the environment’s ability to support it. Based on that perspective, the article focuses on the role of community participation and community based planning for sustainable community development in an unprecedented variety of environments. Various studies have found on sustainable development policies and guidelines, however; there is a lack of mechanism tools to guide sustainable community development. Based on the secondary data sources such as books, journal articles, reports, newspapers, laws, policies and online documents, the study distinguishes between the difficulties of the environmental issues of sustainable community development and the local community contribution, and found that there is a clear gap between the protection of environment and the community engagement for sustainable community development.

Keywords: Community-Development; Community-Engagement; Community-Planning; Sustainable-Development
DIGITIZATION OF TRADITIONAL BARIO SALT MAKING BASED ON INTERDISCIPLINARY AND VISUAL EXPERIENCE APPROACH
Authors: Mohd Rafee Yakup , Anak Jussem Sylvester Wielding , Siri Hishamuddin , Abol Hassan Mohamad Zamhari
Published: April 2022

Abstract: This article describes the process of digitizing traditional methods of Bario salt extraction based on documentation and experiences during a field trip to Pa' Umor, Bario, Sarawak. The process of making salt is described in an orderly manner, beginning with the extraction of the salt water, and ending with the packing process. Bario salt is extracted from a salt spring by boiling the brine in a large pot until the salt forms a gray layer, and then collecting the salt from the bottom. This process is still practiced today. However, the production of Bario salt is not widely known because it is a lengthy and laborious process. Moreover, the conventional methods of information transfer are no longer relevant to current technological developments. Therefore, through an interdisciplinary and visual experience approach, all images are recorded in a digital documentation using the latest digital tools and then analyzed through the art of formalism. The result is a short video production and digital interactive poster called ID-Poster that uses the augmented reality application. It is hoped that this article will provide new ideas and visual insights that can help in promoting rural tourism.

Keywords: Bario Salt; Visual Experience; Interdisciplinary; Digital Documentation; Rural Tourism
FACTORS AFFECTING RESEARCH COMPETENCIES OF ACADEMICS IN THE DISCIPLINE OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES (HSS) IN THE CONTEXT OF OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL)
Authors: Galagedarage Thushari Madhubhashini
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The main purpose of the study is to examine the factors affecting research competencies of academics in the discipline of HSS in the context of ODL using the Motivational System Theory (MST). The interviews were conducted with twenty academics in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the Open university of Sri Lanka (purposive sampling). The qualitative data were thematically analyzed. The results showed that the personal and institutional factors affecting research competencies of academics in the discipline of HSS. Moreover, at the institutional level, the resources, training, supportive mechanism and research culture are not properly established to achieve the research competencies of the academics. On the other hand, the personal factors such as family commitments and biological reasons are negatively affecting research competencies of academics. Therefore, the responsible parties should facilitate the academics to achieve the research competencies by providing the required resources, facilities, opportunities, guidance, training and creating a staff and student friendly working environment within the institution.

Keywords: Academics; Humanities and Social Sciences; Motivational System Theory; Open and Distance Learning;  Research competencies
ENTREPRENEURS' SKILL OF HANDLING TECHNOLOGY IN AGRO AND GENERAL BUSINESSES
Authors: Akinbami O.I. , I. Balogun Daud , Adetoro M.N. , Aliu O.A.
Published: April 2022

The importance of technology cannot be overemphasized in an attainment of a good and a sustainable business. As a result, this work carefully shows the impacts and effects of entrepreneurship education and technology adopted by the entrepreneur in the running of a business. As presented in this paperwork, a systematic review method was used to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurs' adequate use of technology in agro and general business. It revealed the efficacy of entrepreneurship education on an entrepreneur as it relates to the use of technology in business enterprise. Furthermore, this careful review provided a good understanding on entrepreneurship education, an entrepreneur’s skill of handling technology, reasons for handling technology by an entrepreneur and various technologies available for entrepreneurs. Against these backdrops, entrepreneurship education should be given maximum priority for a desirable output. More so, this study is of great importance, especially as applies to the tertiary institutions where knowledge on entrepreneurship education in relation to entrepreneurs and professional handling of technology would be expanded and dug deep for effective business application.

Keywords: Agro; Entrepreneurs; General Business; Skill of Handling; Technology