bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GENOTOXIC RESPONSES OF EARTHWORM Eudrilus eugeniae (Kingberg) EXPOSED TO SUBLETHAL LEVELS OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT FROM ERODE DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU (INDIA)
Authors: Kowsalya Shanmugam , Umavathi Subramani , Thangam Yesudas
Published: October 2024

The ecological risk is mostly assessed by evaluating the standard toxicological endpoints in earthworm toxicity assays, such as mortality and reproductive effects. The processes of toxic pollutants cannot comprehensively be understood by solely considering their endpoints. In this study, the usual testing by OECD, analysis of the composition of coelomic fluid, evaluation of micro- and binucleated cells, and histological studies were employed to assess the effects of industrial effluent on earthworm tissues. An additional endpoint in earthworm (Eudrilus eugeniae) was used to quantify the impact of industrial effluent on stress levels. The Comet assay was performed to evaluate the genotoxicity of industrial effluent. The effluent-treated earthworms exhibited a concentration- dependent increase in the number of micro- and binucleated cells, as compared to the control. It postulates that industrial pollution has an effect on cellular metabolism. Upon comparing the earthworms exposed to industrial effluent with those unexposed ones, a notable rise in DNA damage was observed. It confirmed the effectiveness of existing methods in monitoring the industrial pollution through biological means. It showed that evaluating DNA damage and levels of micro- and binucleated cells is a reliable approach. Histological studies revealed that longitudinal muscles, peritoneal epithelium, epidermis, and chloragogen cells of earthworm experienced substantial damage. The study concluded that industrial effluents pose a serious threat to earthworms, and more studies are needed to assess the acute and long-term toxicity of industrial effluent in contaminated areas and its actual influence on the environment.
IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OFKOCHO SPOILAGE FUNGI COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT AREA OFGURAGE ZONE, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Asfere Yirgashewa , Yinur Degisew , Zinabu Dejene , Abera Getaw , Chaubey Kundan Kumar , Thapliyal Shailendra , Bhardwaj Gaurav , Kumar Navneet , Verma Deepak Kumar
Published: October 2024

Enset is a main food crop in Ethiopia, around 20% of the population depend on it. Understanding the fermentation process is critical for optimum enset utilisation because kocho is one of the most important enset products consumed as a key energy source and serves as a staple and co-staple diet for many people. Fermented kocho is frequently stored in pits lined with enset leaves.During the fermentation process, a piece of the kocho can be withdrawn for consumption or sale at any moment. When kocho is withdrawn from the pit for mixing or usage, it is susceptible to contamination from a variety of microorganisms. The rotting microbes of this vital fermented food are little understood. Thus, the objective of this research was to identify kocho spoilage fungi collected from different area of Gurage Zone of Ethiopia. Ten spoilage kocho samples were gathered in this study from various farm and market sites. The samples were packed in sterile Falcon tubes, placed on ice, and transported to Wolkite University's Biotechnology Molecular Laboratory for morphological and biochemical characterization, as well as DNA isolation and PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region of the gene at MRCET's molecular advanced laboratory in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PCR results were sequenced and each fungal isolate was identified using an automated DNA sequencer from MRC-Holland in Amsterdam. 22 fungus species were identified using morphological tests, biochemical tests, and molecular analysis. Sequence analysis revealed that four of the 22 fungal isolates were identified as different Alternaria strains, three as different penicillium strains, two as goitreucum, one as galactomyce, two as schizophyllum, two as aspergillus, and one as agaricaceae spp. Further research on the detected fungi should be carried out to determine the most damaging and deteriorating strain in order to properly control and manage kocho spoilage fungi.
MUTAGENIC IMPACT OF ETHYL METHANE SULPHONATE ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND MICROSPOROGENESIS OF Artemisia annua L.
Authors: Singh Rajani , Kumar Girjesh
Published: October 2024

Malaria is still a global concern with around 214 million annual cases and 430,000 annual deaths, mainly among of children younger than 5. Now a days people mostly  dependent on the herbal based remedies to cure this type of diseseases and currently most preferred therapy is artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). The genus Artemisia annua L., one of the largest genera belonging to the Compositae family consisting of more than 350 species. One important tool for creating unique genetic variation in crops, functional genomics, and breeding is the use of chemical mutagens. They are useful since they can cause a high mutation frequency and don't need any specialist equipment. Chemical mutagens produce point mutations as opposed to deletions or translocations as compared to physical techniques. Point mutations can affect gene expression in a variety of ways, from knockouts to modifications in amino acids that may have a minor impact on the function of proteins. The experimental procedure for induced EMS mutagenesis, Williams et al.  was followed and triple technical repeats of three different percentages of EMS (Ethyl methane Sulphonate) doses (0.10%, 0.30%, 0.50%) and a control dose (0% EMS) were applied. the process of screening mutants frequently revealed the presence of several allelic mutants generated by EMS. Present study resultant displayed that EMS lower doses will prove to be a revolutionary mutant for creating new variation as  EMS mutagenesis enables cost-effective and high-throughput generation of mutations, greatly accelerating plant genomes research and facilitating the advancement of molecular breeding for plants with enhanced tolerance to abiotic stress.
ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOCHEMICALS IN SOME RED SEAWEEDS GROWING ALONG THE GULF OF MANNAR COASTAL REGION OF INDIA
Authors: Devi G Subha , Sathiyabama M , Kumar N Senthil kumar , Murugan P , Venkatesh S
Published: October 2024

Seaweeds are potential renewable resources in marine environment. This study explored the biochemical composition of red seaweeds collected from the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India focussing on the species like Hypnea musciformis, Gracilaria salicornia, G. folifera, G. crassa and Jania rubens. The results showed that amongst the tested red seaweeds H. musciformis had highest carbohydrate content (28.21%), while G. salicornia had highest lipid content (3.89%). J. rubens contained the most protein (14.47%), whereas G. folifera had highest levels of chlorophyll a and flavonoids (20.1%). G. crassa had highest phenol content (7.91%) while ash content was higher in J. rubens (39.1%) and lower in G. salicornia (18.2%). Phycocyanin and allophycocyanin were maximum in G. crassa; whereas highest phycoerythrin was noticed in H. musciformis. Conversely, minimum phycobiliprotein pigments were found in G. salicornia and G. crassa. The findings highlighted the potential of these seaweeds for medicinal and industrial applications.
Comparative Analysis of Non-Performing Assets Between Canara and Public Sector Banks in India
Authors: Shreyas P  , Dr. S Baskaran
Published: October 2024

Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) represent a major challenge for financial institutions, particularly public sector banks (PSBs) in India. This study undertakes a comparative analysis between Canara Bank and other PSBs to assess trends, impacts, and management practices related to NPAs. The study explores factors leading to the rise of NPAs and their financial impact on profitability and liquidity. Through a literature review, data analysis, and hypothesis testing, this research identifies challenges and offers recommendations for improving NPA management practices in India’s banking sector. The findings highlight the need for robust credit risk management and improved regulatory interventions
Menuvu Tribe’s Knowledge, Belief Systems and Practices (KSP): A Study of Cultural Heritage Variability
Authors: Salungayan Christine L. , S. Hupayan Kenneth Dave , T. Alima Alteah Grace , O. Diez Kim Peter
Published: October 2024

The survival and cultural identity of Filipino Indigenous Cultural Communities, particularly the Menuvu Tribe in Pangantucan, Bukidnon, revolve principally around the indigenous knowledge systems and practices (IKSP). Both the international and national mandates amid the threat of marginalization and loss of cultural identity summons the need for protection and promotion. This prompted the researchers to determine the level of Indigenous knowledge, belief systems, and practices, and the significant difference of the cultural heritage among the Menuvu mamamunguhed (youth and adults) and magureng (elders). The study utilized a descriptive design, and the survey questionnaire was validated and translated into Menenuvu. The result shows a high level of Indigenous knowledge, belief systems, and practices yet recognizing the global and local trend of declining cultural identity of Indigenous community, and it displays strong significant difference in age as to knowledge and belief systems and in socio-ethnic status as to knowledge, belief systems and practices, while prioritizing Elder’s wisdom and empowering youth and adults’ role in the Menuvu community. The life of the Menuvu tribe, which remarkably centers on spirituality, biodiversity, and community, necessitates recommendations for community sustainable development.
Original Article Risk Factors for Enteric Fever in Children Aged 1 to 14 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study at Gandaki Province of Nepal
Authors: Paudel Deepak Raj , Chapagain Ram Hari , Shrestha Anil Kumar , Gupta Dipak Kumar , Lamsal Dinesh Kumar
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Enteric fever is one of the major public health problems in Nepal. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with enteric fever in children Methods: This is prospective cross-sectional study conducted from April 15 to November 2023, with sample size of 139 children aged 1-14 years, diagnosed as enteric fever. Data were collected through pretested and validated proforma containing structured questionnaires. Data were analysed through SPSS version 23. Results: About seventy (69.8%) percent of the children had a history of consuming untreated water, and 52.5% lacked access to proper sanitation facilities. Additionally, 59% of the children were from low socioeconomic backgrounds, and 38.8% had close contact with infected individuals. The children from rural areas were more likely to be exposed to untreated water sources (73.9%) and had a higher prevalence of low socioeconomic status (62.5%) compared to their urban counterparts. Logistic regression analysis revealed that children exposed to untreated water were 2.1 times more likely to develop enteric fever than those not exposed, with this result being statistically significant (OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.30-3.40, p=0.002). Conclusion: Untreated water, inadequate sanitation, and low socioeconomic status as key risk factors for enteric fever in children. Rural children faced higher risks. Children exposed to untreated water were 2.1 times more likely to develop enteric fever than those not exposed, with this result being statistically significant. The findings underscore the need for improvement on water quality, sanitation, and socioeconomic conditions. Local health authorities should prioritize these areas to reduce enteric fever incidence, with further research recommended on intervention effectiveness.
Perceived Immunization’s Impacts on Under Five in Prevention of Morbidity and Mortality among Mothers at Federal Medical Centre Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Authors: Felicia Foyeke Mayaki-Adeolu
Published: October 2024

Background: Childhood immunization is a key method of reducing childhood morbidity and mortality, and reducing the number and severity of communicable disease outbreaks. In addition, when childhood vaccines are delivered at the right time, they increase the protection of children from vaccine preventable diseases, minimize the risk of children getting infected and decrease the chance of outbreaks of the disease according to ―Determinants of compliance with child immunization among mothers of children under five years of age. This study analysed the mother’s perceived impacts of immunization on children under 5years in the prevention of infants’ morbidity and mortality and the factors that affect its uptake. Methods: The study adopted a descriptive type of non-experimental research design to study the perceived impacts of immunization on children under 5years in the prevention of infant’s morbidity and mortality and simple random technique was used to select 250 nursing mothers that use to attend post-natal clinic monthly in Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. The instrument that was used for this study was a self-designed structured questionnaire and was administered by the researcher to the consented respondents. Data that was generated was analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 25. Results generated were presented in frequency tables, charts (bar and pie charts) and inferential statistics was used to determine relationship between variables. Results: Majority (99.00%) of respondents have heard about child immunization before and majority (96.00%) of respondents defined immunization as the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease. Also, majority (96.00%) of respondents believe that immunization can prevent all the childhood killer diseases. (46.00%) of respondents support that lack of information about the day of immunization can negative influence on the uptake of immunization among mothers while (54.00%) of respondents believed that forgetting the day of immunization can influence the uptake of immunization among mothers. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, enlightenment campaigns on the health benefits of childhood immunization, and other childhood immunization issues should be arranged for public consumption from time to time so that even the less educated can have access to childhood Immunization-related knowledge because the unimmunized children can promote the transmission of vaccine preventable disease which can lead to increase in morbidity and mortality rate among under five children.
Community Poultry Farmer Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Contributing to Antimicrobial Resistance in High Density Areas of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
Authors: Ndlovu Patience
Published: October 2024

Background: Antimicrobial use in poultry poses a risk of resistance and transmission thereof to human populations, and poses a global public health risk. No previous studies considered Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of community (backyard) poultry farmers in dense settlement areas in Zimbabwe Methods: We used self-administered questionnaires to assess knowledge, attitude and practice items in addition to general and demographic variables. We describe our findings and evaluate associations with practices. Results: Fifty-six participants completed questionnaires. A range of practices (good and bad) was reported. Practices with risk for antimicrobial resistance developing were associated with males, having previously experienced an incident of high mortality among the poultry, and if knowledge and attitude scores were low. Individuals trained by church organisations and practicing chicken farming as their only occupation was associated with good practices. Poor knowledge scores were predictive of poor practices in the study. The study also found that individuals who do chicken farming as their only occupation were more likely to adhere to international regulations than those who did it as a part time occupation. Factors associated with good practices were those that were trained by church organisations. Despite its limitations such as measurement bias, the study highlighted gaps in the one health concept which might reduce antimicrobial resistance in both clinical and community settings
Las primeras vicisitudes del diálogo entre el gobierno y el FMLN-FDR
Authors: Martín-Baró Ignacio
Published: October 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 39, No. 434, 1984: 885-903.
Octubre y noviembre
Authors: Anaya Eugenio C.
Published: October 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 39, No. 434, 1984: 928-934.
Octubre y noviembre
Authors: ECA: Estudios Centroamericanos
Published: October 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 39, No. 434, 1984: 935-938.
Effect of different patient positions on endotracheal tube cuff pressure in patients undergoing urological procedures: a prospective study
Authors: Tok Eda , Karaca Nursen , Karakoc Ozge , Alper Isik
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

The endotracheal tube (ETT) contains a cuff that is placed in the trachea to prevent gas leakage and aspiration of secretions and gastric contents. However, patient positioning after intubation may cause ETT displacement and changes in cuff pressure.

OBJECTIVES:

Evaluate the effect of different patient positions on ETT cuff pressure in patients undergoing urological procedures in supine, prone, lateral flank, and lithotomy positions.

DESIGN:

Prospective and observational study

SETTING:

A university hospital in Turkey

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Patients who underwent surgeries under general anesthesia in different patient positions were involved. After intubation (T0), the cuff pressure was checked with a manometer and adjusted to 25 cmH
2
O and continuously monitored. The cuff pressure was checked before (T1) and after achieving the final position (T2) and then at 5, (T3), 10, (T4), 15 minutes (T5) of the position, at the end of the procedure (T6) and before extubation (T7). At postoperative 2nd and 12th hours, the patients were interviewed for sore throat, hoarseness, and cough.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

The effect of different patient positions on the ETT cuff pressure.

SAMPLE SİZE:

200 patients

RESULTS:

The cuff pressure increased significantly at T2 in the lithotomy, lateral flank, and prone groups (
P
<.001 each). The highest increase in cuff pressure occurred in the prone group (34.3 [7.5] cmH
2
O). Over time, the cuff pressure decreased in all groups during surgery. Postoperative complications at the 2nd postoperative hour were similar in all groups; however, the mean cuff pressure was significantly higher in the patients with postoperative sore throat or cough (sore throat:
P
=.003; cough:
P
=.047).

CONCLUSION:

ETT cuff pressures are affected by different patient positioning; therefore, regular recording and adjustment of cuff pressure are necessary for patient safety.

LIMITATION:

We used ETT of a single manufacturer. Therefore, our findings may not be applicable to other types of ETT.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination on cesarean section outcomes: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Yeniocak Ali Selcuk , Tercan Can , Dagdeviren Emrah , Arabaci Onur , Arabaci Emine Elif Genc
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Pregnant individuals have faced unique challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, necessitating a closer examination of maternal and fetal health outcomes.

OBJECTIVES:

Investigate the morbidity and mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among pregnant individuals, considering vaccination status and variant strains.

DESIGN:

Retrospective cohort

SETTING:

Tertiary state hospital

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Patients who underwent cesarean sections were categorized into three periods: pre-vaccination (before 31 August 2021), early post-vaccination (from September 2021), and late post-vaccination (aligned with 70% immunization coverage by 2 September 2021). Data collected included demographic information (age, gravidity, parity count, gestational age, newborn APGAR scores), cesarean section indications, chronic diseases, vaccination status, vaccine type and doses, SARS-CoV-2 variant status, ICU admission, and mortality due to COVID-19.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

ICU admission and mortality rates, focusing on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination status.

SAMPLE SIZE:

297 COVID PCR-positive symptomatic patients who underwent cesarean sections.

RESULTS:

In the pre-vaccination group, there were 13 mortalities (8.1%) compared to 9 (6.6%) post-vaccination (
P
=.610). Maternal ARDS was seen in 46.2% of pre-vaccination mortalities versus 11.1% post-vaccination (
P
=.045). COVID-19 delta variant patients had higher ICU admission (80%) and mortality rates (40%). Rates of COVID-19 PCR-positive cesarean sections, ICU admissions, and mortality declined significantly in early (
P
=.021,
P
=.004,
P
=.009), respectively and late post-vaccination periods (
P
<.001,
P
<.001,
P
=.0019), respectively. Vaccinated patients had no ICU admissions or mortality.

CONCLUSIONS:

Vaccination against COVID-19 is crucial for pregnant individuals as it significantly reduces the risk of severe illness. While vaccines offer substantial protection, the pandemic’s acute phase might be waning, yet COVID-19 remains a global threat, particularly in regions with limited vaccine access. Continued vigilance and proactive measures are essential to mitigate ongoing risks and the emergence of new variant strains.

LIMITATIONS:

Retrospective observational design and the single-center setting, which may affect the generalizability of the findings.
Estimating the prevalence of select non-communicable diseases in Saudi Arabia using a population-based sample: econometric analysis with natural language processing
Authors: Alghnam Suliman , Bosaeed Mohammad , Aljouie Abdulrahman , Alshahrani Saeed Mastour , Alshenqeety Omar , Atun Rifat , Alqahtani Saleh
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major public health challenge globally, including in Saudi Arabia. However, measuring the true extent of NCD prevalence has been hampered by a paucity of nationally representative epidemiological studies.

OBJECTIVES:

Assess the prevalence of selected NCDs, using population-based electronic health records and applying novel analytical methods to identify cases of NCDs.

DESIGN:

Retrospective

SETTINGS:

A large healthcare network in Saudi Arabia.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We included all beneficiaries aged 16 years or older (n=650 835[a]) and used the International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) codes, laboratory results, and associated medications to identify individuals with diabetes, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, mental disorders, and injuries. For diabetes and hypertension, we used natural language processing (NLP) on clinical notes in the electronic health records. The prevalence of multimorbidity across age groups was also tabulated, and logistic regression was used to examine its association with glycemic control.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

The primary outcomes measured were the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and multimorbidity, and their association with glycemic control.

SAMPLE SIZE:

650 835 individuals aged 16 years or older.

RESULTS:

The study population was relatively young, with 41.2% aged between 26 and 45 years, and around two-thirds were married. The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension was 18.5% (95% CI: 18.5-18.7) and 13.0% (95% CI: 12.9-13.1), respectively. Approximately 26.7% (95% CI: 26.7-26.8) of the population had multimorbidity, with levels increasing to 62.9% for those aged 65 or older. Multimorbidity was associated with a four-fold increase in the likelihood of poor glycemic control. NLP analysis suggested that the prevalence of diabetes or hypertension may be underestimated by no more than 1.5%.

CONCLUSIONS:

The study suggests a higher prevalence of NCDs than earlier national estimates. Electronic health records with regular analysis provide an opportunity to estimate changes in the prevalence of NCDs in Saudi Arabia. Health policies and interventions are needed to address the high levels of multimorbidity, which adversely impact glycemic control.

LIMITATIONS:

Retrospective design and reliance on electronic health records, which may not capture all cases of NCDs.
REAÇÕES CUTÂNEAS GRAVES: UMA VISÃO ABRANGENTE SOBRE A SÍNDROME DE STEVENS-JOHNSON, SUA ETIOLOGIA, FISIOPATOLOGIA E ABORDAGENS TERAPÊUTICAS
Authors: Da Silva Luana Gabriela Alves , Viana Taynne da Silva , Santos Julia Silva , De Carvalho Hairina Ester
Published: October 2024

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a rare and severe condition characterized by epidermal detachment and mucosal lesions, primarily affecting the mouth, eyes, and genitals. Often triggered by adverse drug reactions, such as antibiotics and anticonvulsants, SJS can also be caused by viral infections and, rarely, neoplasms. SJS forms a spectrum with Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN), differing in the extent of skin involvement: in SJS, less than 10% of the body surface is affected, while in TEN, the involvement exceeds 30%. Although rare, with an incidence of 1.2 to 6 cases per million people, SJS carries high morbidity and mortality, leading to complications such as severe infections and permanent damage to the skin and mucous membranes. Early diagnosis is crucial, based on characteristic lesions and a recent history of medication use. In some cases, a biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach, including intensive care, immediate discontinuation of the causative drug, and immune modulation with corticosteroids or intravenous immunoglobulin. While new therapies, such as cyclosporine and special wound dressings, are being explored, there is still a need for consensus on the ideal treatment protocol, as well as advances in personalized diagnosis and treatment.
Enhancing Electricity Demand Forecasting Accuracy Through Hybrid Models and Deep Learning Techniques: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Abigail Mba Dabuoh  , Atta Yaw Agyeman  , Samuel Gbli Tetteh
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This reviewed literature on electricity forecasting covers its history, terminology, and techniques. A systematic review of existing studies highlighted key findings and future research opportunities. Conventional statistical techniques and MLA can predict electricity demand over time with various techniques and forecasting windows tailored to data and problem specifics. Most studies focused on STLF, often without testing techniques on MTLF and LTLF. The key findings include: Many studies (26%) used conventional statistical methods like ARIMA, ARIMAX, and SARIMAX for electricity forecasting, often without benchmarking algorithms. Various factors, such as time, weather, electricity price, population, and economy, influence ELF. Weather parameters were the most commonly used predictors, though performance varied across studies. A global increase in electricity demand has driven numerous studies, though less research has been done in low- and middle-income countries. Deep neural networks like LSTM have been underutilised in electricity forecasting. LSTM's ability to store memory and address the vanishing gradient problem makes it promising for future research, particularly in hybrid models combining CNN and LSTM for forecasting peak load demand based on economic and environmental factors.
Chemical and mineralogical characterisation of Duguri Galena (Bauchi State, Nigeria)
Authors: Munyao, H.  , Alabi, O. O.  , Aramide, F. O  , Gbadamosi, Y. E.
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a detailed study of Galena samples' chemical and mineralogical properties collected from the Duguri area in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The sample for the research was sourced from Duguri town, Bauchi State, Nigeria. The sourced sample underwent comminution, homogenization, and sampling using the Coning and Quartering method followed by the Jones Riffle sampling method. Chemical analysis results of the crude ore sample showed the presence of Lead oxide (PbO) at an assay of 36.827 %, with Silica as the major gangue mineral present at 45.823 %. The other compounds present in the ore are ZnO (9.656 %), Fe2O3 (8.290 %), Al2O3 (3.409 %), TiO2 (1.072 %), WO3 (0.312 %), and AgO (0.001 %). Mineralogical Characterisation using XRD revealed the phases present in the ore as; Galena (47 %), Cerussite (19.0 %), Quartz (18.8 %), and Gratonite (15 %), hence confirming that the soured ore was Galena (PbS). SEM/EDS results showed the morphology of the sourced sample, containing Lead with other impurities in their quartz form within the ore matrix, with the presence of other elemental constituents (Si, C, and O).
Keywords:  Galena, Chemical analysis, Mineralogical characterisation, Duguri area, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Leveraging AI for financial risk management in oil and gas safety investments.
Authors: Adeoye Taofik Aderamo  , Henry Chukwuemeka Olisakwe  , Yetunde Adenike Adebayo  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri
Published: October 2024

In the oil and gas industry, managing financial risk associated with safety investments is critical, particularly in high-risk operations. This concept paper explores the potential of leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) tools to analyze safety data and inform financial decisions, thereby ensuring effective resource allocation towards risk reduction. The integration of AI into financial risk management can transform traditional approaches, enabling organizations to proactively address safety concerns while optimizing investment strategies. The proposed framework utilizes machine learning algorithms to analyze vast datasets from various sources, including historical safety incidents, operational performance metrics, and regulatory compliance reports. By identifying patterns and correlations within this data, AI can forecast potential risks and assess the effectiveness of existing safety measures. This predictive capability empowers decision-makers to allocate resources strategically, prioritizing investments in areas that significantly impact safety outcomes and operational resilience. Furthermore, AI tools facilitate scenario analysis, enabling organizations to evaluate the financial implications of different safety investment strategies. By simulating various risk scenarios and their potential impacts on financial performance, companies can make informed decisions that balance safety with cost efficiency. This approach not only enhances the financial viability of safety investments but also fosters a culture of proactive risk management within the organization. The paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of implementing AI in financial risk management, including data quality issues and the need for organizational change to adopt AI-driven methodologies. Additionally, ethical considerations surrounding AI decision-making processes are addressed, emphasizing the importance of transparency and accountability in utilizing AI for safety investments. In conclusion, leveraging AI for financial risk management in safety investments presents a transformative opportunity for the oil and gas sector. By harnessing the power of data-driven insights, companies can enhance their risk reduction strategies, ensuring the safety of operations while optimizing financial performance.
Keywords: AI, Financial Risk Management, Safety Investments, Oil and Gas, Predictive Analytics, Resource Allocation, Operational Resilience, Risk Reduction, Scenario Analysis.
Disaster recovery framework for ensuring SME business continuity on cloud platforms
Authors: Zein Samira  , Yodit Wondaferew Weldegeorgise  , Olajide Soji Osundare  , Harrison Oke Ekpobimi  , Regina Coelis Kandekere
Published: October 2024

Disaster recovery (DR) is a critical component of ensuring business continuity, especially for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) that rely heavily on cloud platforms for their operations. SMEs face unique challenges, including limited financial and technical resources, making it essential to develop a disaster recovery framework that is both cost-effective and robust. This proposes a disaster recovery framework that minimizes downtime and data loss, leveraging the capabilities of cloud platforms to ensure continuous business operations. The proposed framework focuses on three key objectives viz reducing Recovery Point Objectives (RPO), minimizing Recovery Time Objectives (RTO), and ensuring scalability. RPO refers to the amount of data that can be lost before causing significant harm to the business, while RTO measures the time it takes to restore operations after a disaster. The framework achieves these objectives through cloud-based replication and automated backup systems. Data replication across geographically distributed data centers ensures that a copy of the data is always available, while incremental backups reduce the potential for data loss, ensuring that SMEs can recover recent transactions and information with minimal disruption. Automation plays a central role in the disaster recovery process. Using tools like AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery or Azure Site Recovery, SMEs can implement automated failover procedures that trigger in the event of an outage. This automation significantly reduces manual intervention, decreasing the likelihood of human error while improving recovery speed. Furthermore, periodic testing of disaster recovery plans is incorporated to ensure preparedness, with simulations identifying any vulnerabilities in the DR strategy. By using a pay-as-you-go model for cloud resources, SMEs can scale their disaster recovery solutions as their operations grow, optimizing costs while maintaining flexibility. This framework provides a comprehensive, affordable solution for SMEs to safeguard their business continuity, protecting them from the potentially devastating impacts of data loss and downtime.
Keywords: Disaster Recovery, SME Business, Cloud Platforms, Review.
Advanced fluid recovery and recycling systems for offshore drilling: A conceptual approach
Authors: Kingsley Onyedikachi Omomo  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri  , Henry Chukwuemeka Olisakwe
Published: October 2024

Offshore drilling is a crucial component of global energy production, but it poses significant environmental challenges, particularly in managing drilling fluids. This paper presents a conceptual approach to advanced fluid recovery and recycling systems, focusing on the integration of innovative filtration and separation technologies to reduce waste and enhance sustainability. The review explores current challenges in traditional drilling fluid management, highlighting waste disposal's environmental and operational drawbacks. A detailed conceptual framework is provided, outlining the design principles of the proposed system and its potential to increase fluid recovery rates while minimizing environmental impact. The paper also examines the sustainability and economic benefits of fluid recycling, including cost savings and long-term contributions to more responsible drilling practices. Finally, the future outlook discusses advancements in recovery technologies, integration with broader sustainability initiatives, and the policy and regulatory considerations necessary for widespread adoption. This review underscores the importance of fluid recovery systems in driving sustainable offshore drilling and aligning the industry with global environmental goals.
Keywords: Offshore Drilling, Fluid Recovery, Waste Management, Sustainability, Advanced Filtration, Environmental Impact.
Green financing in the oil and gas industry: Unlocking investments for energy sustainability
Authors: Yetunde Adenike Adebayo  , Augusta Heavens Ikevuje  , Jephta Mensah Kwakye  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri
Published: October 2024

Green financing is emerging as a critical tool for the oil and gas industry to transition towards energy sustainability and decarbonization. As global climate initiatives intensify, oil and gas companies are under pressure to reduce their carbon footprint while maintaining profitability. Green financing, through mechanisms such as green bonds, sustainability-linked loans, and carbon credits, provides essential capital to fund projects focused on reducing emissions, integrating renewable energy, and adopting cleaner technologies. This paper explores how green financing can unlock investments in energy efficiency, carbon capture and storage (CCS), and renewable energy solutions within oil and gas operations. By leveraging green finance, companies can meet stringent regulatory requirements, align with investor expectations for sustainability, and enhance their long-term economic resilience. This research examines the growing demand for sustainable investments and how oil and gas companies can attract green financing by demonstrating strong environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. Furthermore, it addresses the role of policy frameworks and financial institutions in facilitating the flow of green capital to oil and gas companies. Case studies of successful green financing initiatives within the industry are presented, highlighting their impact on emissions reductions, cost savings, and improved corporate reputation. Challenges, such as navigating the complex criteria for green finance eligibility and balancing the demands of traditional investors with sustainability goals, are also discussed. However, innovative financing mechanisms, such as blended finance and partnerships with renewable energy companies, are emerging to address these barriers. This paper concludes that green financing offers a strategic pathway for the oil and gas industry to secure investments for sustainability while driving profitability. The industry's ability to adapt and innovate within this framework will be critical in achieving a low-carbon future.
Keywords:  Green Financing, Oil and Gas Industry, Sustainability, Renewable Energy, Carbon Capture, Green Bonds, ESG Performance, Decarbonization, Sustainable Investments, Energy Transition.
Ethical and legal project management framework for the oil and gas industry
Authors: Oluwaseun Adeola Bakare  , Onoriode Reginald Aziza  , Ngozi Samuel Uzougbo  , Portia Oduro
Published: October 2024

The oil and gas industry operates in a complex and highly regulated environment where ethical considerations and legal compliance are paramount. This paper proposes an Ethical and Legal Project Management Framework specifically designed for the oil and gas sector, aiming to enhance project execution while ensuring adherence to ethical standards and legal requirements. The framework integrates ethical principles with legal obligations, fostering a culture of integrity and accountability within organizations. At its core, the framework emphasizes the identification and assessment of ethical risks throughout the project lifecycle. By incorporating ethical risk management into project planning and execution, organizations can proactively address potential ethical dilemmas, thus minimizing the risk of legal issues and reputational damage. Key components include stakeholder analysis, transparency in decision-making, and mechanisms for reporting unethical behavior. Legal compliance is another critical element of the framework. The oil and gas industry is subject to a myriad of local, national, and international regulations. The framework outlines best practices for ensuring compliance with environmental laws, labor regulations, and health and safety standards. This involves regular legal audits, staff training, and the establishment of compliance protocols to keep pace with evolving legal requirements. Furthermore, the framework highlights the importance of stakeholder engagement in promoting ethical and legal practices. Engaging with local communities, regulatory bodies, and internal stakeholders ensures that diverse perspectives are considered, enhancing decision-making processes and fostering trust. In addition, the integration of technology and data analytics plays a crucial role in supporting ethical and legal project management. By utilizing advanced tools for monitoring compliance and ethical conduct, organizations can enhance transparency and accountability. In conclusion, the Ethical and Legal Project Management Framework serves as a comprehensive guide for oil and gas companies striving to balance project efficiency with ethical integrity and legal compliance. By embedding these principles into their project management practices, organizations can achieve sustainable success in a challenging industry landscape.
Keywords: Ethical Framework, Legal Compliance, Project Management, Oil and Gas Industry, Stakeholder Engagement, Risk Management.
Designing cost-effective data solutions: Best practices from multi-million dollar projects involving cross-functional teams and diverse data sources
Authors: David Akokodaripon  , Oluwatosin Reis  , Akorede Victor Aderoju
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the design and implementation of cost-effective data solutions, focusing on multi-million dollar projects that involve cross-functional teams and diverse data sources. The study aims to identify best practices and technological advancements that enhance data management efficiency, ensuring scalability, security, and compliance. Employing a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, the paper examines the challenges and opportunities in integrating technologies such as AI, machine learning, cloud computing, and blockchain. Key findings highlight the importance of cross-functional collaboration in addressing data management complexities and the adoption of agile methodologies to enhance adaptability and efficiency. The study also underscores the significance of advanced data integration techniques and the application of circular economy principles to promote sustainability in data management. The conclusion provides actionable recommendations for organizations seeking to optimize their data solutions, emphasizing the need for strategic investment in emerging technologies and a robust data governance framework. By offering insights into future trends and research directions, this paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on developing cost-effective, secure, and sustainable data solutions in an increasingly digitalized world.
Keywords: Cost-Effective Data Solutions, Cross-Functional Teams, Data Integration, Cybersecurity, Artificial Intelligence, Circular Economy Principles
Sustainable business operations in technology startups: A model for leadership and administrative excellence
Authors: Godwin Ozoemenam Achumie  , Chikezie Paul-Mikki Ewim  , Adams Gbolahan Adeleke  , Ifeanyi Chukwunonso Okeke  , Chukwunweike Mokogwu
Published: October 2024

Sustainable business operations have become a critical factor for success in technology startups, where rapid growth and resource constraints pose unique challenges. This review proposes a comprehensive model for sustainable operations management in tech startups, emphasizing the synergy between leadership and administrative excellence. The proposed model aims to guide startups in balancing profitability, scalability, and environmental responsibility while fostering long-term growth. The explores the challenges of achieving sustainability in startups, including limited resources, pressures of rapid scaling, and the environmental impact of tech-driven innovations. It emphasizes the pivotal role of visionary leadership in setting long-term sustainable goals, fostering a culture of innovation, and effectively managing change. Leadership’s ability to align sustainability with operational goals is critical in navigating the dynamic and competitive nature of the tech industry. Additionally, the review highlights the importance of administrative innovations in optimizing resource management, implementing data-driven decision-making, and streamlining processes. By leveraging automation and technology, startups can create more efficient and environmentally friendly operational systems. The model integrates leadership vision with administrative processes, creating a holistic approach that encourages continuous improvement and innovation. The benefits of adopting sustainable operations, such as enhanced financial resilience, competitive advantage, and improved brand reputation, are also discussed. Moreover, sustainability offers tech startups a significant edge in attracting and retaining top talent while fostering customer loyalty. Ultimately, this model serves as a blueprint for technology startups to build scalable, efficient, and responsible operations, ensuring their success in the long term by aligning leadership and administrative strategies with sustainability objectives.
Keywords:  Sustainable Business, Technology Startups, Leadership, Administrative Excellence.
Assessment of energy and nutrient intake adequacy and dietary diversity of pregnant women in Abidjan
Authors: Vanie Stephane Claver , Kouassi Kouakou Nestor , Dakia Patrick Aubin , Gbogouri Grodji Albarin
Published: October 2024

Background: Dietary diversity is a potential indicator of adequate nutrient intake. Aims: The study assessed dietary diversity and adequacy of nutrient intake among pregnant women in Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire). Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 389 healthy pregnant adult women aged 20 to 43. Participants completed a three-day, 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire and dietary data were converted into nutrient amounts using Nutrisurvey software. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was based on nine food groups aggregated from a 15-item questionnaire. Nutrient intake was assessed using the Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) with the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) serving as an overall indicator of diet quality. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: The mean DDS among pregnant women was low at 4.30 ± 1.04, with diet primarily consisting of cereals, white tubers, roots, vegetables and fish. The average energy intake of pregnant women was 2429 kcal/day for over 60 % of participants. While the majority met the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and vitamin B12. However, intakes of calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, folates and vitamin C were below the RDAs for most pregnant women. The average MAR for pregnant women was 70.86% and exhibited a positive correlation with DDS (r = 0.37; p < 0.001). NAR for energy and other nutrients was positively correlated with DDS, except for vitamins B12 and C. Conclusions: Pregnant women with adequate nutrient intakes consumed a diverse range of foods. Dietary diversity can therefore provide be a reliable indicator of nutrient adequacy in the diets of pregnant women in Abidjan’s hospital.

Keywords: Dietary diversity, nutrient intake, nutrient adequacy ratio, pregnant women, Côte d'Ivoire.
Pengaruh Sapta Pesona, Citra Destinasi dan Promosi terhadap Niat Berkunjung Kembali pada Wisata BeeJay Bakau Resort Kota Probolinggo
Authors: Safarani Elinda , Elmas Muhammad Syarif Hidayatullah , - Tumini
Published: October 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sapta pesona, citra destinasi dan promosi secara parsial dan simultan terhadap niat berkunjung kembali pada wisata Beejay Bakau Resort Kota Probolinggo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan variabel bebas sapta pesona, citra destinasi, promosi dan variabel terikat yaitu niat berkunjung kembali. Populasi penelitian ini adalah wisatawan yang berwisata ke BeeJay Bakau Resort Kota Probolinggo. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 120 responden dan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan insidental sampling. Tahap analisis yang diawali dengan uji validitas uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear berganda, uji koefisien determinasi dan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 26. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sapta pesona dan citra destinasi berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap niat berkunjung kembali, sedangkan promosi tidak berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap niat berkunjung kembali, dan ada pengaruh secara simultan antara sapta pesona, citra destinasi dan promosi terhadap niat berkunjung kembali pada wisata BeeJay Bakau Resort Kota Probolinggo.
 
Kata Kunci : Sapta Pesona, Citra Destinasi, Promosi, Niat Berkunjung Kembali