bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN RỐI LOẠN TRẦM CẢM Ở BỆNH NHÂN GOUT MẠN TÍNH
Authors: Đình Hoàng Nguyễn , Doãn Phương Nguyễn , Văn Tuấn Nguyễn , Công Thiện Lê
Published: December 2021

Đặt vấn đề: Gout là bệnh khớp thường gặp ở Việt Nam cũng như nhiều nước trên thế giới. Ở đợt cấp của bệnh, bệnh nhân thường phải chịu nhiều đau đớn, hạn chế vận động, ảnh hưởng đến giấc ngủ, công việc, các mối quan hệ gây ảnh hưởng nhiều đến cảm xúc của nhóm đối tượng này. Việc đánh giá các yếu tố liên quan có giá trị dự đoán khả năng trầm cảm ở nhóm đối tượng này từ đó có những can thiệp sớm cho những đối tượng nguy cơ cao. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá một số yếu tố liên quan đến rối loạn trầm cảm ở bệnh nhân Gout mạn tính. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 129 bệnh nhân gout mạn tính, được chẩn đoán điều trị nội trú tại khoa Cơ xương khớp Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 11/2020 đến tháng 05/2021, có sử dụng thang điểm đánh giá HAM-D và thăm khám lâm sàng. Kết quả: Có mối liên quan giữa tỷ lệ trầm cảm và các yếu tố về khả năng lao động sinh hoạt, số lần vào viện, mức độ đau, rối loạn giấc ngủ, rối loạn lo âu kèm theo với kết quả có ý nghĩa thống kê (p<0,05). Không tìm thấy mối liên quan giữa tuổi, giới tính, trình độ học vấn, tình trạng kinh tế, tình trạng hôn nhân hay thời gian mắc bệnh với trầm cảm. Kết luận: Cần có biện pháp can thiệp sớm và phù hợp cho các đối tượng có nguy cơ trầm cảm cao.
STRATEGI BELAJAR METAKOGNITIF BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Busiri Achmad
Published: December 2021

Proses belajar yang dilakukan peserta didik sebaiknya memiliki strategi belajar. Peserta didik yang aktif dalam belajar memiliki strategi belajar yang dapat menambah minat belajar yang baru dan memperbaiki proses belajar terhadap pembelajaran. Strategi kognitif terbagi menjadi tiga jenis yaitu: strategi mengulang, strategi organisasi dan strategi elaborasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah strategi kognitif dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Strategi pembelajaran dosen cenderung selalu mendapat perhatian sehingga kerap kali strategi belajar mahaanak didik diabaikan. Sedangkan strategi belajar anak didik termasuk unsur penting dalam berhasilnya suatu pembelajaran. Strategi belajar anak didik merupakan salah satu faktor dari dalam diri mahaanak didik berupa kemampuan strategi dalam cara belajar. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi belajar bahasa Arab berbagai faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Dengan pendekatan metode kualitatif deskriptif menunjukan bahwa strategi yang dominan digunakan dalam belajar bahasa Arab adalah strategi metakognitif.
FUNCIÓN PULMONAR. MEDICIÓN CONTINUA DE LA SATURACIÓN DE PULSO ARTERIAL DE OXÍGENO: PROPUESTA PARA INTERPRETACIÓN
Authors: Sánchez Trinidad , Oyarzún Ignacio , Caussade Solange
Published: December 2021

La medición continua de la saturación de pulso arterial de oxígeno (SpO2) es un método no invasivo, confiable y seguro. El consolidado permite obtener valores promedio de SpO2 y frecuencia cardiaca, gráficos y valores acumulados, rangos de valores de SpO2, que permiten definir si existe o no alguna alteración. Los avances tecnológicos han dado paso a la fabricación de equipos con alta exactitud de las mediciones, mediante algoritmos matemáticos que filtran los artefactos debido a movimientos y/o hipoperfusión. La ventaja, es una mayor precisión para determinar estados de hipoxemia en distintas situaciones clínicas. Las principales indicaciones en pediatría son la determinación de hipoxemia y titulación de oxígeno en niños con enfermedades que comprometen el sistema respiratorio, especialmente displasia broncopulmonar. También se usa como screening para apneas obstructivas del sueño en rango moderado a severo en situaciones en que no es posible realizar poligrafía o polisomnografía, dado la facilidad con la que se puede realizar la medición continua de SpO2 en domicilio u hospitalizado. En este artículo se describen características importantes del procedimiento, y se propone un esquema para ordenar su interpretación.
Incidence of lumpy skin disease virus with its characterization in vaccinated
pregnant Holstein cows in Dakahlia governorate, Egypt
Authors: Mosad Samah M. , Rasheed Nesma , Ali Hanaa S. , El-Khabaz Khaled A. S. , Shosha Eman A. M. , El-Diasty Mohamed
Published: December 2021

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious economically important viral disease of cattle. Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is still circulating in Egypt, despite the annual mass vaccination with sheep pox virus vaccine recommended by the Egyptian authorities. This study was carried out on two farms of pregnant Holstein cows vaccinated with Bovivax LSD-N® Vaccine (farm I) and Servac Capri-C vaccine® (farm II). After 40-60 days post-vaccination, mild clinical signs were detected in 3% of cows on the farm I whereas a more severe clinical infection was developed in 40% of cows on farm II. LSDV was isolated on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of 11 days old embryonated chicken egg (ECEs) and Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) tissue culture. LSDV was identified in collected skin tissues by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and histopathological examination. Finally, LSDV was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification at 192 base pair (bp) of the P32 gene and two samples were selected for DNA sequencing. LSDV developed characteristic pock lesions in inoculated ECEs. MDBK cell culture developed a prominent LSDV cytopathic effect at the 3rd passage. Viral particles were detected in the cytoplasm of both epidermal cells and dermal macrophages by TEM. Histopathological examination revealed different lesions correlated withLSDV infection age. LSDV was confirmed in all tested samples by PCR. Our strains (Dakahlia- 2020-1 and Dakahlia- 2020-2) were closely related to other Egyptian LSDV strains on GenBank with 98.2%-100% identity. The present study proved conclusive evidence that the live attenuated sheep poxvirus vaccine poorly protects Egyptian cattle against LSDV, while the LSDV Neethling strain vaccine gave a promising and sufficient protection rate
Can Lufenuron be an alternative treatment option in small animal dermatomycosis?
Authors: Bilgiç Bengü , Dokuzeylül Banu , Bakay Berna B. , OR Mehmet Erman
Published: December 2021

Lufenuron (Benzoyl-phenyl urea) is a chitin synthesis inhibitor that inhibits chitin production. It has an ectoparasitic effect by causing impairment in chitin biosynthesis and larval development of various parasite species. Lufenuron is an agent that is effectively used as a pesticide against agricultural pests in the ecosystem and veterinary medicine. It is used to control various ectoparasites such as fleas and scabies of cats and dogs. The high prevalence of mycotic diseases in pet animals, especially in cats and dogs, and the increasing drug resistance in veterinary medicine reveal the importance of different treatment options. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Lufenuron as a new antimycotic agent in veterinary medicine.
Ambiente alimentar e excesso de peso em adultos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Maria Oliveira da Silva Fernanda , Gonçalves Novaes Taiane , Bezerra Queiróz de Farias Fernanda , Cristine Pessoa Milene
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Analisar estudos que avaliaram a relação do ambiente alimentar com o excesso de peso em adultos.

Metodologia: Os artigos foram selecionados por meio da busca no Pubmed utilizando os descritores e suas combinações: “obesity”, “built environment”, “food environment”, “food intake” e “food consumption”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos originais realizados com adultos, em zona urbana e publicados nos últimos 10 anos. A decisão de inclusão ou exclusão dos artigos, de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade, foi realizada, separadamente, por dois avaliadores e adotada reavaliação para os resultados divergentes, sendo selecionados 25 artigos que avaliaram quantitativamente o ambiente alimentar e sua relação com o excesso de peso em adultos.

Resultados: Os estudos revisados utilizaram desenho transversal e, na sua maioria, com dados obtidos por fontes secundárias e buffer como unidade de vizinhança. A prevalência do excesso de peso variou de 41,7 a 62,3% e os fatores ambientais associados à essa maior prevalência foram as mercearias, os restaurantes fast food, as lojas de doces e os comércios de alimentos não saudáveis.

Conclusão: A heterogeneidade na definição de vizinhança e na obtenção dos dados individuais e do ambiente dificultam a comparação entre os resultados dos estudos e pode explicar as associações divergentes encontradas. Mais estudos são necessários para avaliar aspectos do ambiente alimentar do trabalho, do acesso, do custo dos alimentos e dos hábitos alimentares da população para que seja estabelecida uma associação mais consistente entre o excesso de peso e o ambiente alimentar.
Türkiye’de Dil Öğretiminde Web 2.0 Araçlarının Kullanımına Yönelik Yapılan Çalışmaların Sistematik İncelemesi
Authors: YAŞAR SAĞLIK Zehra , YILDIZ Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de dil öğretiminde Web 2.0 araçlarının kullanımına yönelik çalışmaların sistematik olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sistematik literatür tarama metodunun kullandığı bu araştırmada, incelemeler 58 çalışma üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında ele alınan çalışmalar araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen “veri toplama formu” aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. Araştırmaların genel özellikleri (yayın yılı, yayın türü, disiplin alanı, katılımcı düzeyi), yöntemi (araştırma yaklaşımı, araştırma deseni, değişken türü) uygulama süreci (uygulama süresi, Web 2.0 araçları, Web 2.0 Araç Sayısı) ve sonuçları (araştırma sonuçları, araştırmalara yönelik görüşler, araştırmalara yönelik öneriler) ayrı ayrı ele alınmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel içerik analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, çalışmaların son beş yılda yoğunluk kazandığı, Web 2.0 araçlarının hem Türkçe hem de yabancı dil öğretiminde okuma, yazma, dinleme ve konuşma becerilerini geliştirdiği, akademik başarıyı ve kelime hazinesini arttırdığı, temel dil becerilerine karşı duyuşsal ve bilişsel özellikleri geliştirdiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Okullardaki teknolojik alt yapı, donanım ve araç gereç eksikliğinin araştırmaların uygulama sürecini olumsuz etkilediği, öğretmen, öğretmen adayları ve öğrencilerin Web 2.0 araçlarına yönelik bilgilerinin yetersiz olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Kimya Öğretmenlerinin Öğretim Stratejileri ve Bu Stratejilere Etki Eden Faktörler
Authors: K.ÇOBAN Özgür , YALÇIN ÇELİK Ayşe , KILIÇ Ziya
Published: December 2021

Öğretmenin farklı öğretim yaklaşımı/yöntemi/tekniği kullanarak dersini planlaması anlamlı öğrenme için gereklidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, deneyimli kimya öğretmenlerinin çözeltiler konusundaki öğretim stratejilerini ve bu stratejileri öğretim ortamında uygulama durumlarına etki eden faktörleri belirlemektir. Araştırmada, durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu dört kimya öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri senaryolar, görüşmeler ve ders gözlemlerinden elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmenler sunuş, buluş ve araştırma inceleme yoluyla öğretim stratejilerini bilmekte ve uygularken video/resim/animasyon gibi görselleri veya modelleri, deney yaptırma veya proje hazırlama yöntemlerini kullanabileceklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Ancak ders gözlemleri sonucunda öğretmenlerin derslerinde sunuş ve sadece bir öğretmenin ilaveten buluş yoluyla öğretim stratejisini kullandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Öğretmenler, bu farklılığın sebeplerini; alan ve pedagojik bilgi eksiklikleri, laboratuvara bağlı eksiklikler ve sınıf mevcudunun fazla olması, teknolojik sorunlarda teknik desteğin olmaması, müfredatın yoğun ve ders sürelerinin kısa olması, öğrenci motivasyonunun düşük olması ve okul-ailenin sınav odaklı çalışmalar talep etmesi olarak ifade etmişlerdir.
The Examination of Relationships among Personal-Familial Qualifications, Levels of Parentification, Depression and Marital Satisfaction of Married Individuals
Authors: ZENCİR Tolga
Published: December 2021

This study aims to investigate the relationship among levels of parentification, depression and marital satisfaction of married individuals; to examine how married individuals' personal-familial characteristics affect the level of parentification. 597 married people (244 men, 353 women) filled in “Parentified Child Scale-Adult Version”, “Beck Depression Scale”, “Marital Satisfaction Scale”, and “Personal Information Form”. Parentification and depression levels of married individuals statistically predict marital satisfaction. Parentification levels statistically significantly predict individuals' depression levels. While the main effect is observed in the parentification levels according to the familial and personal variables (permanent illness in the family, spending time with the parents, substance abuse in the family, the father’s employment status, one of the parents working outside the province; the number of siblings and condition of working in childhood), the other variables indicate that there is no significant difference on their parentification level.
Celebrating High Art in Postmodern Flatlands
Authors: Acevedo David
Published: December 2021

A review of "Observations on Music, Culture, and Politics," Daniel Asia, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2021, pp. 252, $99.95 hardcover.
Liberal Education and Politics
Authors: Bolotin David
Published: December 2021

St. John’s College tutor emeritus David Bolotin claims that political correctness, with its power to enforce consequences on those who challenge its orthodoxies, has suppressed the reasoned examination of society’s deepest moral convictions.
Dear Mr. Bolotin: I Wish It Were Only That Bad
Authors: Acevedo David
Published: December 2021

Social justice ideology has redefined the meaning of “equality” and “freedom,” devastating the study of humanities. The answer? Return, without shame, to the reading of Great Books.
The Knights-Errant of the Culture War
Authors: Priou Alex
Published: December 2021

David Bolotin’s attempt to provoke individual reflection rather than reform the political community, may moderate our ambition, ease our despair, and temper our expectations while stiffening our resolve.
Unraveling pathways of elevated ozone induced by the 2020 lockdown in Europe by an observationally constrained regional model using TROPOMI
Authors: Souri Amir H. , Chance Kelly , Bak Juseon , Nowlan Caroline R. , González Abad Gonzalo , Jung Yeonjin , Wong David C. , Mao Jingqiu , Liu Xiong
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Questions about how emissions are changing during the COVID-19
lockdown periods cannot be answered by observations of atmospheric trace gas
concentrations alone, in part due to simultaneous changes in atmospheric
transport, emissions, dynamics, photochemistry, and chemical feedback. A
chemical transport model simulation benefiting from a multi-species
inversion framework using well-characterized observations should
differentiate those influences enabling to closely examine changes in
emissions. Accordingly, we jointly constrain NOx and VOC emissions
using well-characterized TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) HCHO and NO2 columns during the months
of March, April, and May 2020 (lockdown) and 2019 (baseline). We observe a
noticeable decline in the magnitude of NOx emissions in March 2020
(14 %–31 %) in several major cities including Paris, London, Madrid, and
Milan, expanding further to Rome, Brussels, Frankfurt, Warsaw, Belgrade,
Kyiv, and Moscow (34 %–51 %) in April. However, NOx emissions remain at
somewhat similar values or even higher in some portions of the UK, Poland,
and Moscow in March 2020 compared to the baseline, possibly due to the
timeline of restrictions. Comparisons against surface monitoring stations
indicate that the constrained model underrepresents the reduction in surface
NO2. This underrepresentation correlates with the TROPOMI frequency
impacted by cloudiness. During the month of April, when ample TROPOMI
samples are present, the surface NO2 reductions occurring in polluted
areas are described fairly well by the model (model: −21 ± 17 %,
observation: −29 ± 21 %). The observational constraint on VOC
emissions is found to be generally weak except for lower latitudes. Results
support an increase in surface ozone during the lockdown. In April, the
constrained model features a reasonable agreement with maximum daily 8 h
average (MDA8) ozone changes observed at the surface (r=0.43), specifically
over central Europe where ozone enhancements prevail (model: +3.73 ± 3.94 %, +1.79 ppbv,
observation: +7.35 ± 11.27 %, +3.76 ppbv). The model suggests that physical processes (dry deposition,
advection, and diffusion) decrease MDA8 surface ozone in the same month on
average by −4.83 ppbv, while ozone production rates dampened by largely
negative JNO2[NO2]-kNO+O3[NO][O3] become less negative,
leading ozone to increase by +5.89 ppbv. Experiments involving fixed
anthropogenic emissions suggest that meteorology contributes to 42 %
enhancement in MDA8 surface ozone over the same region with the remaining
part (58 %) coming from changes in anthropogenic emissions. Results
illustrate the capability of satellite data of major ozone precursors to
help atmospheric models capture ozone changes induced by abrupt emission
anomalies.
Modeling secondary organic aerosol formation from volatile chemical products
Authors: Pennington Elyse A. , Seltzer Karl M. , Murphy Benjamin N. , Qin Momei , Seinfeld John H. , Pye Havala O. T.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Volatile chemical products (VCPs) are commonly used
consumer and industrial items that are an important source of anthropogenic
emissions. Organic compounds from VCPs evaporate on atmospherically relevant
timescales and include many species that are secondary organic aerosol
(SOA) precursors. However, the chemistry leading to SOA, particularly that
of intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs), has not been fully
represented in regional-scale models such as the Community Multiscale Air
Quality (CMAQ) model, which tend to underpredict SOA concentrations in urban
areas. Here we develop a model to represent SOA formation from VCP
emissions. The model incorporates a new VCP emissions inventory and employs
three new classes of emissions: siloxanes, oxygenated IVOCs, and
nonoxygenated IVOCs. VCPs are estimated to produce 1.67 µg m−3 of noontime SOA, doubling the current model predictions and reducing the SOA mass concentration bias from −75 % to −58 % when compared to
observations in Los Angeles in 2010. While oxygenated and nonoxygenated
intermediate-volatility VCP species are emitted in similar quantities, SOA
formation is dominated by the nonoxygenated IVOCs. Formaldehyde and SOA show
similar relationships to temperature and bias signatures, indicating common
sources and/or chemistry. This work suggests that VCPs contribute up to half
of anthropogenic SOA in Los Angeles and models must better represent SOA
precursors from VCPs to predict the urban enhancement of SOA.
Constant flux layers with gravitational settling: links to aerosols, fog and deposition velocities
Authors: Taylor Peter A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Turbulent boundary layer concepts of constant flux layers and
surface roughness lengths are extended to include aerosols and the effects
of gravitational settling. Interactions between aerosols and the Earth's
surface are represented via a roughness length for aerosol which will
generally be different from the roughness lengths for momentum, heat or
water vapour. Gravitational settling will impact vertical profiles and the
surface deposition of aerosols, including fog droplets. Simple profile
solutions are possible in neutral and stably stratified atmospheric surface
boundary layers. These profiles can be used to predict deposition velocities
and to illustrate the dependence of deposition velocity on reference height,
friction velocity and gravitational settling velocity.
Urban aerosol chemistry at a land–water transition site during summer – Part 2: Aerosol pH and liquid water content
Authors: Battaglia Jr. Michael A. , Balasus Nicholas , Ball Katherine , Caicedo Vanessa , Delgado Ruben , Carlton Annmarie G. , Hennigan Christopher J.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Particle acidity (aerosol pH) is an important driver of atmospheric chemical processes and the resulting effects on human and environmental
health. Understanding the factors that control aerosol pH is critical when enacting control strategies targeting specific outcomes. This study
characterizes aerosol pH at a land–water transition site near Baltimore, MD, during summer 2018 as part of the second Ozone Water-Land Environmental
Transition Study (OWLETS-2) field campaign. Inorganic fine-mode aerosol composition, gas-phase NH3 measurements, and all relevant
meteorological parameters were used to characterize the effects of temperature, aerosol liquid water (ALW), and composition on predictions of
aerosol pH. Temperature, the factor linked to the control of NH3 partitioning, was found to have the most significant effect on aerosol pH
during OWLETS-2. Overall, pH varied with temperature at a rate of −0.047 K−1 across all observations, though the sensitivity was
−0.085 K−1 for temperatures > 293 K. ALW had a minor effect on pH, except at the lowest ALW levels
(< 1 µg m−3), which caused a significant increase in aerosol acidity (decrease in pH). Aerosol pH was generally insensitive to
composition (SO42-, SO42-:NH4+, total NH3 (Tot-NH3) = NH3 + NH4+), consistent
with recent studies in other locations. In a companion paper, the sources of episodic NH3 events (95th percentile concentrations,
NH3 > 7.96 µg m−3) during the study are analyzed; aerosol pH was higher by only ∼ 0.1–0.2 pH units
during these events compared to the study mean. A case study was analyzed to characterize the response of aerosol pH to nonvolatile cations (NVCs)
during a period strongly influenced by primary Chesapeake Bay emissions. Depending on the method used, aerosol pH was estimated to be either weakly
(∼ 0.1 pH unit change based on NH3 partitioning calculation) or strongly (∼ 1.4 pH unit change based on
ISORROPIA thermodynamic model predictions) affected by NVCs. The case study suggests a strong pH gradient with size during the event and underscores the need to evaluate assumptions of aerosol mixing state applied to pH calculations. Unique features of this study, including the urban land–water transition site and the strong influence of NH3 emissions from both agricultural and industrial sources, add to the understanding of aerosol pH and its controlling factors in diverse
environments.
Determination of respiration and photosynthesis fractionation coefficients for atmospheric dioxygen inferred from a vegetation-soil-atmosphere analog of the terrestrial biosphere in closed chambers
Authors: Paul Clémence , Piel Clément , Sauze Joana , Pasquier Nicolas , Prié Frédéric , Devidal Sébastien , Jacob Roxanne , Dapoigny Arnaud , Jossoud Olivier , Milcu Alexandru , Landais Amaëlle
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The isotopic composition of dioxygen in the atmosphere is a global tracer which depends on the biosphere flux of dioxygen toward and from the atmosphere (photosynthesis and respiration) as well as exchanges with the stratosphere. When measured in fossil air trapped in ice cores, the relative concentration of 16O, 17O and 18O of O2 can be used for several applications such as ice core dating and past global productivity reconstruction. However, there are still uncertainties about the accuracy of these tracers as they depend on the integrated isotopic fractionation of different biological processes of dioxygen production and uptake, for which we currently have very few independent estimates. Here we determined the respiration and photosynthesis fractionation coefficients for atmospheric dioxygen from experiments carried out in a replicated vegetation-soil-atmosphere analog of the terrestrial biosphere in closed chambers with growing Festuca arundinacea. The values for 18O discrimination during soil respiration and dark respiration in leave are equal to −12.3 ± 1.7 ‰ and −19.1 ± 2.4 ‰, respectively. We also found a value for terrestrial photosynthetic fractionation equal to +3.7 ± 1.3 ‰. This last estimate suggests that the contribution of terrestrial productivity in the Dole effect may have been underestimated in previous studies.
A multi-pollutant and multi-sectorial approach to screen the consistency of emission inventories
Authors: Thunis Philippe , Clappier Alain , Pisoni Enrico , Bessagnet Bertrand , Kuenen Jeroen , Guevara Marc , Lopez-Aparicio Susana
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Some studies show that significant uncertainties affect emission inventories, which may impeach conclusions based on air quality model results. These uncertainties result from the need to compile a wide variety of information to estimate an emission inventory. In this work, we propose and discus a screening method to compare two emission inventories, with the overall goal of improving the quality of emission inventories by feeding back the results of the screening to inventory compilers who can check the inconsistencies found and where applicable resolve errors. The method targets three different aspects: 1) the total emissions assigned to a series of large geographical area, countries in our application; 2) the way these country total emissions are shared in terms of sector of activity and 3) the way inventories spatially distribute emissions from countries to smaller areas, cities in our application. The first step of the screening approach consists in sorting the data and keep only emission contributions that are relevant enough. In a second step, the method identifies, among those significant differences, the most important ones that are evidence of methodological divergence and/or errors that can be found and resolved in at least one of the inventories. The approach has been used to compare two versions of the CAMS-REG European scale inventory over 150 cities in Europe for selected activity sectors. Among the 4500 screened pollutant-sectors, about 450 were kept as relevant among which 46 showed inconsistencies. The analysis indicated that these inconsistencies were almost equally arising from large scale reporting and spatial distribution differences. They mostly affect SO2 and PM coarse emissions from the industrial and residential sectors. The screening approach is general and can be used for other types of applications related to emission inventories.
Using an Uncertainty Quantification Framework to Calibrate the Runoff Generation Scheme in E3SM Land Model V1
Authors: Xu Donghui , Bisht Gautam , Sargsyan Khachik , Liao Chang , Leung L. Ruby
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Runoff is a critical component of the terrestrial water cycle and Earth System Models (ESMs) are essential tools to study its spatio-temporal variability. Runoff schemes in ESMs typically include many parameters so model calibration is necessary to improve the accuracy of simulated runoff. However, runoff calibration at global scale is challenging because of the high computational cost and the lack of reliable observational datasets. In this study, we calibrated 11 runoff relevant parameters in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Land Model (ELM) using an uncertainty quantification framework. First, the Polynomial Chaos Expansion machinery with Bayesian Compressed Sensing is used to construct computationally inexpensive surrogate models for ELM-simulated runoff at 0.5° × 0.5° for 1991–2010. The main methodological advance in this work is the construction of surrogates for the error metric between ELM and the benchmark data, facilitating efficient calibration and avoiding the more conventional, but challenging, construction of high-dimensional surrogates for ELM itself. Second, the Sobol index sensitivity analysis is performed using the surrogate models to identify the most sensitive parameters, and our results show that in most regions ELM-simulated runoff is strongly sensitive to 3 of the 11 uncertain parameters. Third, a Bayesian method is used to infer the optimal values of the most sensitive parameters using an observation-based global runoff dataset as the benchmark. Our results show that model performance is significantly improved with the inferred parameter values. Although the parametric uncertainty of simulated runoff is reduced after the parameter inference, it remains comparable to the multi-model ensemble uncertainty represented by the global hydrological models in ISMIP2a. Additionally, the annual global runoff trend during the simulation period is not well constrained by the inferred parameter values, suggesting the importance of including parametric uncertainty in future runoff projections.
Conservation laws in a neural network architecture: Enforcing the atom balance of a Julia-based photochemical model (v0.2.0)
Authors: Sturm Patrick Obin , Wexler Anthony S.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Models of atmospheric phenomena provide insight into climate, air quality, and meteorology, and provide a mechanism for understanding the effect of future emissions scenarios. To accurately represent atmospheric phenomena, these models consume vast quantities of computational resources. Machine learning (ML) techniques such as neural networks have the potential to emulate compute-intensive components of these models to reduce their computational burden. However, such ML surrogate models may lead to nonphysical predictions that are difficult to uncover. Here we present a neural network architecture that enforces conservation laws. Instead of simply predicting properties of interest, a physically interpretable hidden layer within the network predicts fluxes between properties which are subsequently related to the properties of interest. As an example, we design a physics-constrained neural network surrogate model of photochemistry using this approach and find that it conserves atoms as they flow between molecules to machine precision, while outperforming a naïve neural network in terms of accuracy and non-negativity of concentrations.
SnowClim v1.0: High-resolution snow model and data for the western United States
Authors: Lute Abby C. , Abatzoglou John , Link Timothy
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Seasonal snowpack dynamics shape the biophysical and societal characteristics of many global regions. However, snowpack accumulation and duration have generally declined in recent decades largely due to anthropogenic climate change. Mechanistic understanding of snowpack spatiotemporal heterogeneity and climate change impacts will benefit from snow data products that are based on physical principles, that are simulated at high spatial resolution, and that cover large geographic domains. Existing datasets do not meet these requirements, hindering our ability to understand both contemporary and changing snow regimes and to develop adaptation strategies in regions where snowpack patterns and processes are important components of Earth systems. We developed a computationally efficient physics-based snow model, SnowClim, that can be run in the cloud. The model was evaluated and calibrated at Snowpack Telemetry sites across the western United States (US), achieving a site-median root mean square error for daily snow water equivalent of 62 mm, bias in peak snow water equivalent of −9.6 mm, and bias in snow duration of 1.2 days when run hourly. Positive biases were found at sites with mean winter temperature above freezing where the estimation of precipitation phase is prone to errors. The model was applied to the western US using newly developed forcing data created by statistically downscaling pre-industrial, historical, and pseudo-global warming climate data from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The resulting product is the SnowClim dataset, a suite of summary climate and snow metrics for the western US at 210 m spatial resolution (Lute et al., 2021). The physical basis, large extent, and high spatial resolution of this dataset will enable novel analyses of changing hydroclimate and its implications for natural and human systems.
Quantifying the impacts of land cover change on hydrological responses in the Mahanadi river basin in India
Authors: Naha Shaini , Rico-Ramirez Miguel Angel , Rosolem Rafael
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The objective of this study is to assess the impacts of land cover change on
the hydrological responses of the Mahanadi river basin, a large river basin
in India. Commonly, such assessments are accomplished by using distributed
hydrological models in conjunction with different land use scenarios.
However, these models, through their complex interactions among the model
parameters to generate hydrological processes, can introduce significant
uncertainties to the hydrological projections. Therefore, we seek to further
understand the uncertainties associated with model parameterization in those
simulated hydrological responses due to different land cover scenarios. We
performed a sensitivity-guided model calibration of a physically
semi-distributed model, the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model, within a
Monte Carlo framework to generate behavioural models that can yield
equally good or acceptable model performances for subcatchments of the
Mahanadi river basin. These behavioural models are then used in conjunction
with historical and future land cover scenarios from the recently released
Land-Use Harmonization version 2 (LUH2) dataset to generate hydrological
predictions and related uncertainties from behavioural model
parameterization. The LUH2 dataset indicates a noticeable increase in the
cropland (23.3 % cover) at the expense of forest (22.65 % cover) by the
end of year 2100 compared to the baseline year, 2005. As a response,
simulation results indicate a median percent increase in the extreme flows
(defined as the 95th percentile or higher river flow magnitude) and mean
annual flows in the range of 1.8 % to 11.3 % across the subcatchments. The
direct conversion of forested areas to agriculture (of the order of 30 000 km2) reduces the leaf area index, which subsequently reduces the
evapotranspiration (ET) and increases surface runoff. Further, the range of
behavioural hydrological predictions indicated variation in the magnitudes
of extreme flows simulated for the different land cover scenarios; for
instance, uncertainty in scenario labelled “Far Future” ranges from 17 to 210 m3 s−1 across subcatchments. This study indicates that the
recurrent flood events occurring in the Mahanadi river basin might be
influenced by the changes in land use/land cover (LULC) at the catchment scale and suggests that
model parameterization represents an uncertainty which should be accounted
for in the land use change impact assessment.
Calibrating 1D hydrodynamic river models in the absence of cross-section geometry using satellite observations of water surface elevation and river width
Authors: Jiang Liguang , Westphal Christensen Silja , Bauer-Gottwein Peter
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Hydrodynamic modeling has been increasingly used to simulate water surface elevation which is important for flood prediction and risk assessment. Scarcity and inaccessibility of in situ bathymetric information have hindered hydrodynamic model development at continental-to-global scales. Therefore, river cross-section geometry is commonly approximated by highly simplified generic shapes. Hydrodynamic river models require both bed geometry and roughness as input parameters. Simultaneous calibration of shape parameters and roughness is difficult, because often there are trade-offs between them. Instead of parameterizing cross-section geometry and hydraulic roughness separately, this study introduces a parameterization of 1D hydrodynamic models by combining cross-section geometry and roughness into one conveyance parameter. Flow area and conveyance are expressed as power laws of flow depth, and they are found to be linearly related in log–log space at reach scale. Data from a wide range of river systems show that the linearity approximation is globally applicable. Because the two are expressed as power laws of flow depth, no further assumptions about channel geometry are needed. Therefore, the hydraulic inversion approach allows for calibrating flow area and conveyance curves in the absence of direct observations of bathymetry and hydraulic roughness. The feasibility and performance of the hydraulic
inversion workflow are illustrated using satellite observations of river
width and water surface elevation in the Songhua river, China. Results show
that this approach is able to reproduce water level dynamics with root-mean-square error values of 0.44 and 0.50 m at two gauging stations, which is comparable to that achieved using a standard calibration approach. In summary, this study puts forward an alternative method to parameterize and calibrate river models using satellite observations of river width and water surface elevation.
Evaluating landslide response in a seismic and rainfall regime: a case study from the SE Carpathians, Romania
Authors: Kumar Vipin , Cauchie Léna , Mreyen Anne-Sophie , Micu Mihai , Havenith Hans-Balder
Published: December 2021

Abstract. There have been many studies exploring rainfall-induced slope failures
in earthquake-affected terrain. However, studies evaluating the potential effects of both landslide-triggering factors – rainfall and
earthquakes – have been infrequent despite rising global landslide mortality risk. The SE Carpathians, which have been subjected to many large
historical earthquakes and changing climate thus resulting in frequent
landslides, comprise one such region that has been little explored in this context. Therefore, a massive (∼9.1 Mm2) landslide, situated along the river Bâsca Rozilei, in the Vrancea seismic zone, SE Carpathians, is chosen as a case study area to achieve the aforesaid objective (evaluating the effects of both rainfall and earthquakes on landslides) using slope stability evaluation and runout simulation. The present state of the slope reveals a factor of safety in a range of 1.17–1.32 with a static condition displacement of 0.4–4 m that reaches up to 8–60 m under dynamic (earthquake) conditions. The groundwater (GW) effect further decreases the factor of safety and increases the displacement. Ground motion amplification enhances the possibility of slope surface deformation and displacements. The debris flow prediction, implying the excessive rainfall effect, reveals a flow having a 9.0–26.0 m height and 2.1–3.0 m s−1 velocity along the river channel. The predicted extent of potential debris flow is found to follow the trails possibly created by previous debris flow and/or slide events.
Telehealth Use By Persons with Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Friedman Carli , VanPuymbrouck Laura
Published: December 2021

Telehealth use rapidly expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding if, and how, people from disabilities used telehealth during the pandemic is vital to assuring this evolving and increasingly common form of health care is equitably developed and delivered to avoid reproducing the health disparities people with disabilities already face. Our aim was to explore the use of telehealth among people with disabilities during the pandemic. We conducted a weighted secondary analysis of United States Census Bureau data (April-July 2021) from 38,512 (unweighted) people with disabilities. Our findings revealed 39.8% of people with disabilities used telehealth during the second year of the pandemic, ranging from 34.5% of people with hearing disabilities to 43.3% of people with mobility disabilities. There were also differences in telehealth use based on sociodemographics. Telehealth promises to open doors to more equitable health care access for many people with disabilities, but only if access barriers are removed.
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Real-Time Telerehabilitation Intervention for Children and Young Adults with Acquired Brain Injury During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Experience Report
Authors: Oprandi Maria Chiara , Bardoni Alessandra , Corno Luisa , Marchetti Guerrini Agata , Molatore Luigi , Negri Luisella , Beretta Elena , Locatelli Federica , Strazzer Sandra , Poggi Geraldina
Published: December 2021

This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a telerehabilitation intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of children and young adults with Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). Thirteen patients and/or their families agreed to participate in the speech and neuropsychological telerehabilitation sessions. The treatment was synchronous, patient centered and aimed at improving specific abilities. Sessions were held twice a week over a 10-week period. Two questionnaires were completed both by parents and therapists to assess feasibility and acceptability. Neither technical issues nor clinical obstacles were found. The quality of the therapeutic relationship played a key role in the intervention. Synchronous telerehabilitation provided several advantages both for patients and therapists. Moreover, the patient centered intervention eased the burden of the caregivers at a time of high stress. The real-time telerehabilitation treatments were deemed suitable for children and young adults with ABI. Further studies are needed to support the use of telerehabilitation as an integral part of their standard care.
The Evolution of Telehealth From Pre-COVID-19 Pandemic Through A Hybrid Virtual Care Delivery Model: A Pediatric Hospital’s Journey
Authors: Terrell Evelyn Abrahante , Aftab Saima , Babitz Anne , Butler Lauren , Hernandez Nicole Gondar , Hornik Bianca , Lee Keysla , Perez Jennifer , Sotolongo Elizabeth , Thomas Jessica
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic transformed care delivery and influenced telehealth adoption by rehabilitation professionals and their patients. The purpose of this paper is to describe a pediatric health system’s telehealth services pre-pandemic and how those services were scaled during the pandemic. A secondary aim is to provide a roadmap for the operational delivery of telehealth and rehabilitation services, including transition to a hybrid care delivery model. Findings suggested that telehealth can be rapidly scaled to address patient healthcare needs for an early intervention population during a pandemic. Telehealth use during the pandemic helped ensure continuity of care and likely reduced the risk of exposure to patients and staff to the virus. Benefits included enhanced access to care, and savings in time and money for families. Interestingly, as the pandemic declined, the use of telehealth services declined due to patient preference, with many families opting to request a return to in-person care.
Best Practices for Building Interprofessional Telehealth: Report of a Conference
Authors: Ransdell Lynda B. , Greenberg M. Elizabeth , Isaki Emi , Lee Alan , Bettger Janet P. , Hung Goris , Gelatt Amy , Lindstrom-Mette Ambur , Cason Jana
Published: December 2021

The Arizona Biomedical Research Centre (ABRC) has funded a series of workshops and conferences since 2016 to build the capacity of local, tribal, and state agencies, healthcare delivery organizations, and non-governmental organizations to engage in meaningful research related to health disparities. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of telehealth has dramatically increased, particularly in nursing, occupational therapy (OT), physical therapy (PT), and speech-language pathology (SLP). The purpose of this paper is to summarize the presentations and discussion from the conference titled “Telerehabilitation and Telepractice: An Interprofessional Conference to Build Connections and Best Practices,” held remotely on March 4-5, 2021. Terminology and concepts from the conference were debated, modified, and refined, based on an interprofessional audience. Presenters at the conference, all leaders in their field, discussed the current status of telehealth in their professions, including best practices, challenges, future trends, and research needs.
Writing ecological disfigurement: First Nations poetry after ‘the black grass of bitumen’
Authors: Johnson Amanda
Published: December 2021

This article examines selected First Nations poetries, showing how intertextual parodic language strategies, dynamic elegy and polyphonic poetic registers critique proleptic environmental mourning, simplistic environmental apocalypticism and compromised visions of political reconciliation – ‘all this potplanting in our sovereignty’, as Evelyn Araluen (2020b, p. 81) describes it. Alison Whittaker, Jeanine Leane, Evelyn Araluen, Ellen van Neerven, Alexis Wright and others are also shown as inheritors of the environmental-activist poetries of Oodgeroo, Kevin Gilbert and Lionel Fogarty. I analyse how each of these poets represents Country in a ‘permanently disfigured state’ (Daniels & Lorimer, 2012, p. 5), bearing witness to environments that exist after settler ‘nature’, dismantling Western theologies of poetic nature alongside. To wit, I also show how poems assert temporal vantage points outside the linear telos and material endgames of extractive colonial time, reinforcing enduring and intrinsic spiritual fealty with Country, community and ‘ancestor time’. In Ali Cobby Eckermann’s words, ‘These poems are taking the time. They are honouring the story’ (2020, p. 147).
Ideas, language, action: The protest poetry of #MeToo and Black Lives Matter
Authors: Miller Alyson
Published: December 2021

The notion of poetry as protest is not new – Percy Bysshe Shelley famously advocated for radical social action in ‘The Masque of Anarchy’ (1819), for example, a response to the brutality of the Peterloo massacre. Far from making nothing happen, Audre Lorde notes that ‘poetry is the way we help give name to the nameless so it can be thought’; the form ‘is not a luxury’ but a ‘vital necessity’ from which ideas, language, and action might be wrought (1985). Certainly, in the context of #MeToo and #BlackLivesMatter, poetry has occupied a central role in the expression of trauma and injustice, offering a critical means through which to speak truth to power, particularly from the margins, and via non-traditional publishing platforms such as Twitter and Instagram. This article argues that much of the protest poetry of #MeToo and Black Lives Matter activism operates in two key intersecting ways: as a transgressive variation of contemporary (anti-)elegy, and as a virtual performance drawing upon the network-building functions of social media. In both capacities, it is a form which resists the consolations of closure to demonstrate the ongoing social realities of systemic racism and sexism. Focussing on a range of poems which enact resistance, this article explores the ‘boundary-breaking potential’ of the elegiac performances of protest poetry, in which the ‘possibilities of a more equitable what could be take shape’ (Rutter et al., 2019, p. 24).
Giuseppe Piazza e La nostra Terra Promessa
Authors: Castellozzi Massimo
Published: December 2021

La nostra terra promessa è il titolo del reportage pubblicato presso l’editore monarchico Lux dal giornalista messinese Giuseppe Piazza nel 1911 ed è il frutto delle corrispondenze inviate dalla Libia al quotidiano La Tribuna nella primavera dello stesso anno. Nel 1912 Piazza pubblicava inoltre Come conquistammo Tripoli (Lux, 1912), ove raccoglieva le nuove corrispondenze al giornale inviate dal fronte di guerra. La nostra terra promessa costituisce una descrizione chimerica e magniloquente della Libia e volta a presentarne la conquista come un obiettivo irrinunciabile in termini di prestigio ed economici. In quelle pagine, inoltre, Piazza sviluppa chiaramente il concetto della guerra coloniale come un potente mezzo di unificazione popolare e di riscatto politico e sociale delle masse italiane. Contro la voce di Piazza, così come di Giuseppe Bevione o di Enrico Corradini che pure avevano tratto dalle loro corrispondenze giornalistiche alcuni fortunati instant books, si schierarono i democratici, tra cui Gaetano Salvemini e il repubblicano Napoleone Colajanni. Scopo del presente intervento è quello di porre al centro di un’analisi retorica e filologica i reportage di Piazza, inserendoli all’interno del loro contesto storico e giornalistico