bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enseñanza y aprendizaje del razonamiento deductivo e inductivo a través de las ciencias naturales
Authors: Salazar-Arbeláez Carmen , Botero-Herrera Diego , Giraldo-Cárdenas Luz
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: Identificar si la enseñanza del razonamiento deductivo e inductivo mediante las ciencias naturales, genera avances significativos en el aprendizaje en estudiantes de 5º de educación básica primaria de una Institución Educativa. Método: Se optó por un diseño cuasiexperimental, con dos grupos (experimental y control) intactos, con la aplicación de un pre-test y un pos-test. Así, en el grupo experimental se enseñaron los contenidos temáticos en ciencias naturales, con el fin de estimular el razonamiento deductivo e inductivo; por su parte, en el grupo control se trabajaron esos mismos contenidos, pero sin estimular estos razonamientos. Resultados: En la categoría de convivencia en el aula, se logró una toma de conciencia de Los resultados evidenciaron avances estadísticamente significativos, evaluados a través de la prueba Kruskal-Wallis, a favor del grupo experimental. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se demostró que cuando se enseña el razonamiento deductivo e inductivo a través de los contenidos temáticos de ciencias naturales se logran avances significativos en el aprendizaje. Lo anterior se explica, si se tiene en cuenta el rol activo del docente, que buscó la implicación cognitiva del estudiante al razonar deductiva e inductivamente; además, el tiempo dedicado a la práctica de los razonamientos.
THE TAXONOMIC STATUS OF THE WYOMING TOAD, BUFO BAXTERI PORTER
Authors: Smith Hobart M. , Chiszar David , Collins Joseph T. , Van Breukelen Frank
Published: March 2020

The population of toads in southeastern Wyoming named Bufo hemiophrys baxteri by Porter in 1968 is presumed to be extinct in nature, except perhaps for released, captive-bred specimens. It is sufficiently distinct in several respects, and sufficiently isolated geographically from its nearest rela- tive, B. h. hemiophrys, that it should be regarded as a distinct species, forming a superspecies group with B. hemiophrys.
RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES:
Authors: Bernardo Joseph
Published: March 2020

Whether it is their nocturnal habits, their ability to regenerateentire limbs and tails with functional neurons,or simply their ability to emerge unsinged from a burningyule log, salamanders have long intrigued humansand witches alike. Salamanders are marvelous beasts inmany other ways.
THE ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF HABITAT AND MICROHABITAT USE IN LIZARDS:
Authors: Smith Geoffrey R. , Ballinger Royce E.
Published: March 2020

We review the ecological consequences of habitat and microhabitat use in lizards. Different habitats have different biotic and abiotic properties and thus are likely to have different consequences for the lizards that occur in them. Individual performance and life histories are influenced by habitat use, particularly when habitats differ in thermal characteristics that may influence physiological processes or constrain activity. We know relatively little about how the effects of habitat use on individual performance translate into population dynamics. We do know that the ability of lizards to use particular habitats can influence the persistence of populations in the face of habitat changes. Community-level processes (e.g., competition) and community structure (e.g., diversity) can be influenced by habitat use in lizards, often by habitat use facilitating co-existence of two or more potentially competing species. We know relatively little about how other community processes, such as predation and parasitism, are influenced by habitat use.
HATCHLING SEX RATIOS AND LOCOMOTOR PERFORMANCE OF MIDLAND PAINTED TURTLES (CHRYSEMYS PICTA MARGINATA)
Authors: Cotter Jason T. , Sheil Chris A.
Published: March 2020

The primary objectives of this study were to understand how canopy cover and nest temperatures affect hatchling sex ratios and locomotor performance (i.e., swimming sprint speed and righting response) of Chrysemys picta marginata nests. Seventeen nests were monitored with temperature data-loggers during the 2009 nesting season and found to contain 100% male-biased clutches with a mean nest temperature range of 20.0–24.0°C during the thermosensitive period (TSP). The percentage of canopy cover over each nest was inversely and significantly correlated with mean nest temperatures experienced during the TSP. Mean nest temperatures (MNT) did not have a statistical effect on either measure of locomotor performance; however, there was an observed trend toward increased performance with increased MNT.
ECOLOGICAL RELEASE OF AN EXOTIC SPECIES UPON SUPPRESSION OF ITS INVASIVE PREDATOR
Authors: McCallum Malcolm L. , McCallum Jamie L.
Published: March 2020

Ecological release allows a species to expand beyond its currently occupied niche upon removal of a limiting mechanism such as a predator or competitor. Unfortunately, these interactions between exotic and invasive organisms are relatively unknown. We examine how a small-scale, intensive Red Fire Ant (Solenopsis invicta) eradication program may influence the herpetological and formicid community on a 1.85 ha plot in northeast Texas. Red Fire Ant mounds were individually treated with a series of pesticides in 2005, with follow up treatments in 2006 and 2007. Populations of Red Fire Ants, other ant species, reptiles, and amphibians were monitored throughout the study. Other ant species showed signs of recovery after two years of Red Fire Ant suppression. Although reptile and amphibian diversity increased during the study, only populations of the Mediterranean Gecko (Hemidactylus turcicus) showed a dramatic response. The removal of Red Fire Ants provided this exotic Gecko with the opportunity to proliferate. The potential for these kinds of unexpected responses must be considered when removing introduced species from communities containing multiple exotic and potentially invasive organisms.
AMPHIBIAN AND REPTILE COLONIZATION OF RECLAIMED COAL SPOIL GRASSLANDS
Authors: Lannoo Michael J. , Terrell Vanessa C.K. , Klemish Jaimie L. , Engbrecht Nathan J. , May John A. , Lannoo Peter J. , Stiles Rochelle M.
Published: March 2020

While habitat loss is a major driver of amphibian and reptile declines globally, a subset of post-industrial landscapes, reclaimed and restored, are creating habitat for these animals. In a previous work, we showed that amphibians and reptiles use reclaimed and restored grasslands. In the present work we quantify captures at drift-fence/pitfall trap arrays over two consecutive years and show that several species of amphibians are not only successfully reproducing but that juveniles are being recruited into the population. In particular, 15,844 amphibians and 334 reptiles representing 25 species (14 amphibians, 11 reptiles) were captured at drift fences in 2009 and 2010. Nine additional reptile species were found opportunistically while conducting other research activities at the study site. Out of a total of 8,064 metamorphosing juveniles we detected 126 malformations, a 1.6% rate. The major malformation types were limbs missing (amelia) or foreshortened (ectromely), eye discolorations, and digits foreshortened (ectrodactyly) or small (brachydactyly). Our data show that reclaimed, restored, and properly managed landscapes can support reproducing populations of amphibians and reptiles with low malformation rates, including species in decline across other portions of their range.
EVIDENCE OF COMMUNAL OVIPOSITION AND NEST ABANDONMENT IN THE NORTHERN TWO-LINED SALAMANDER (EURYCEA BISLINEATA, (GREEN, 1818)) IN NORTHEASTERN CONNECTICUT
Authors: Jockusch Elizabeth L. , Ferguson Taylor F. , Timpe Elizabeth K.
Published: March 2020

Most plethodontid salamanders oviposit their eggs in an individual nest and attend the clutch until hatching. Here, we describe aspects of the reproduction of Eurycea bislineata (Northern Two-lined Salamander) from three field sites in northeastern Connecticut that contrast with the typical plethodontid reproductive behavior. Rocks used as oviposition sites contained up to 296 eggs, with an average of more than 100. These numbers exceed the maximum ovarian egg counts for this species, indicating that communal oviposition is common. The lack of correlation between rock size and number of eggs, as well as the lack of discrete clutches when eggs are laid in large clusters, suggests that communal oviposition may be caused by something other than nest site limitation. Additionally, the rate of maternal attendance at nests was low. Thus, communal oviposition with high rates of nest abandonment is the dominant reproductive strategy in E. bislineata at these sites.
SURVEYING FOR RANAVIRUS IN GREEN FROGS (LITHOBATES CLAMITANS) AT FIVE LOCATIONS IN INDIANA
Authors: Winzeler Megan E. , Williams Rod N. , Kimble Steven J. A.
Published: March 2020

Ranaviruses are an emerging pathogen within the United States that infects amphibians, reptiles, and fish. A Frog Virus 3-like (FV3) ranavirus has been detected at only two locations in Indiana; however, there have been few attempts to broadly sample for ranaviruses to determine their distribution across the state. This knowledge is necessary for the continued management and conservation of native amphibian populations. Our objective was to assess the occurrence of FV3-like ranaviruses in larval Green Frog (Lithobates clamitans) populations at five sites located in different regions of Indiana. Tissue samples were collected from 166 individuals and were assayed using both conventional and qPCR methods. We did not detect the presence of any FV3-like ranaviruses at any of the five sites with either PCR method, suggesting the possibility that at these sites, FV3-like ranaviruses may not be present. However, continued sampling should be carried out to monitor the status of the presence of ranaviruses in this portion of the Midwest.
SPATIAL ECOLOGY AND HABITAT USE OF THE WESTERN MASSASAUGA (SISTRURUS TERGEMINUS) IN NEBRASKA
Authors: Patten Tracy J. , Fogell Daniel D. , Fawcett James D.
Published: March 2020

We used radiotelemetry during 2004 and 2005 to investigate seasonal movements and habitat use and to improve our understanding of how land management practices were affecting Western Massasauga (Sistrurus tergeminus) populations in Nebraska. We found Western Massasaugas to brumate in crayfish burrows 100% of the time, and spring emergence occurred during March - April. The longest movements occurred during May when snakes were moving away from brumation sites to summer habitat, after which movements decreased until a second peak in August. We did not find significant differences between male and female activity area, range length, total distance moved, daily movement, or distance from spring and fall brumation sites. However the core activity range of females was significantly less than that of males. During the active season, grassland habitat was used 75.6% of the time compared to habitats of grassland-shrubs (10.7%), hydrophilic vegetation (9.1%), woodlands (3.1%), and shrublands (1.5%). Identifying variations in a species spatial ecology is important for achieving long-term conservation goals because life history events, resource availability, and land management practices may have an effect on seasonal movements and habitat use. The results of our study demonstrate the need for, and some of the necessary data for, improved land management planning in order to meet conservation needs of the Western Massasauga in Nebraska.
ATR FTIR Spectoscopy of Aqueous Cell Cultures v2
Authors: Spahiu Emrulla , Dogan Senol , Schnauß Jörg , Gursel Mayda , Severcan Feride
Published: March 2020

ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy of aqueous cell culture samples is explained step-by-step. Infrared spectra acquisition, processing and analysis is included briefly.
Serviços ecossistêmicos na produção animal: uma análise da percepção dos pecuaristas de Alegrete (RS)
Authors: Vargas Letícia Paludo , Silveira Vicente Celestino Pires
Published: March 2020

Este artigo visa abordar o sistema de produção da bovinocultura de corte, relacionado aos serviços ecossistêmicos, de modo a dar ênfase ao caso da Associação de Produtores do Rincão do Vinte e Oito. O principal objetivo é analisar os serviços ecossistêmicos prestados pela bovinocultura de corte e ovinocultura em campo nativo. Como unidade de análise, foi utilizado o banco de dados do Projeto Aglomerados Urbanos em Áreas Protegidas (Urb-al Pampa), além da realização de um estudo de caso com produtores da Associação. De uma maneira geral, nota-se que os motivos para a continuidade dos associados na produção animal devem-se, em particular, ao tradicionalismo da atividade produtiva. No âmbito dos serviços ecossistêmicos, nota-se que os produtores não têm um claro entendimento a respeito de como a manutenção dos sistemas de produção pode gerar benefícios, apesar de ter ficado evidente durante a pesquisa, que estão presentes diversos serviços de regulação, provisão e culturais. A manutenção da produção animal é considerada válida para os produtores, pois acreditam que podem proporcionar o bem-estar para as suas famílias e para o restante da população. Entretanto, apesar de acreditarem que deveriam receber algum tipo de benefício por preservarem o campo nativo, não têm um claro entendimento de como receber remuneração, como no caso do Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA), especialmente por ser uma temática de estudo recente e pouco abordada na região.
Diagnóstico ambiental e avaliação de pontos críticos de indústria de laticínios de pequeno porte
Authors: Moreira Fernanda Deister , Cerqueira Valdeane Dias , Saraiva Claudéty Barbosa
Published: March 2020

O trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de diagnosticar pontos críticos e sugerir pontos de melhoria no processo produtivo de uma indústria de laticínios de pequeno porte, visando reduzir os impactos ambientais causados por esse empreendimento. Foi verificado que a perda do soro para o efluente e o consumo de água são os principais problemas dessa indústria. Então, foram feitas sugestões tanto nas etapas de higienização e limpeza quanto nas etapas de produção, em relação a controle de perdas. As melhorias sugeridas são de fácil adaptação tanto operacional quanto financeiramente indicando que pouco esforço é necessário na implementação de um sistema de gestão ambiental. A mudança de pensamento na empresa é o fator principal para que a sustentabilidade seja inerente à produção, já que os investimentos são relativamente baixos e o retorno é de curto a médio prazo.
Níveis de nitrogênio no cultivo de milho segunda safra com elevadas densidades de plantas
Authors: Batista Vanderson Vieira , Adami Paulo Fernado , Oligini Karine Fuschter , Ruthes Barbara Elis Santos , Link Lucas , Giaretta Roniel
Published: March 2020

O cultivo de soja em safrinha no Paraná foi restringido e o milho tende a ser cultivado em maior escala no Estado. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os componentes de rendimento do milho safrinha, manejado com diferentes níveis de adubação nitrogenada (0, 50, 100 e 150 kg ha-1) e com densidades de semeadura elevadas (65.000 e 75.000 sementes ha-1). O experimento foi conduzido em Dois Vizinhos (PR), durante a safrinha 2015, em sistema de plantio direto e foram avaliados os componentes de rendimento da cultura. Foram observados maiores valores de número de espigas por planta, número de grãos por fileira, número de grãos por espiga, produtividade por planta e por espiga na menor densidade. O número de grãos por espiga aumentou de forma linear com o acréscimo dos níveis de nitrogênio, porém as demais variáveis não foram influenciadas pelos níveis do nutriente. A massa de mil grãos e a produtividade do milho safrinha não sofreram influência dos fatores avaliados, porém com produtividade média de 10.113 kg ha-1, o cultivo de milho safrinha em Dois Vizinhos (PR) apresentou-se como satisfatório, mesmo sem aplicação de nitrogênio, sendo uma alternativa para os produtores.
Videogames ativos e não ativos fisicamente causam benefícios cardiovasculares durante e após a prática?
Authors: Carvalho Leandro Paim da Cruz , Brito Aline de Freitas , Gomes Jorge Luiz Brito
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar na literatura os efeitos proporcionados pelos videogames (ativos e inativos) nos aspectos cardiovasculares (pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca e duplo produto). A revisão sistemática foi realizada com estudos que analisaram as respostas cardiovasculares durante e após a prática de videogames ativos e inativos. Buscas realizadas por dois pesquisadores de forma independente nas bases de dados eletrônicas Pubmed, Scielo, Bireme (Medline). Diante disso, 375 estudos foram analisados, após os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 15 artigos restaram, e 13 foram selecionados. Verificou-se que os videogames ativos proporcionaram maiores aumentos de FC e PA durante as sessões comparados com videogame inativo. Após as sessões com videogames ativos tais variáveis apresentaram redução comparado ao repouso de forma aguda e crônica. Ambos os videogames promovem alterações cardiovasculares agudas. Contudo, apenas os ativos alcançam intensidades moderadas a vigorosas provocando benefício cardiovascular hipotensor pós sessão. Sugere-se a troca do tempo de tela em jogos inativos por videogames ativos.
Efeitos do estresse físico e psicológico juvenil sobre a glândula suprarrenal em ratos adultos
Authors: Kato Kathia Terumi , Melo Silvana Regina de , Dada Maria Eduarda Gomes , Barbosa Carmem Patrícia
Published: March 2020

Estresse é a resposta aos diferentes estímulos que o organismo sofre em busca de adaptação à homeostasia. Devido à sua alta incidência, diversos modelos experimentais estão sendo desenvolvidos para a melhor compreensão de sua inter-relação com outros órgãos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos em longo prazo do estresse físico e psicológico juvenil agudo sobre as glândulas suprarrenais de ratos, no que se refere aos aspectos morfológicos, pois tais glândulas apresentam relação direta com situações de estresse. Para tanto, as glândulas suprarrenais destes animais foram processadas e análises morfológicas da medula e do córtex foram realizadas por meio de morfometria e quantificação por planimetria. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o estresse tanto físico quanto psicológico não provocaram alterações significativas em relação à área de superfície e espessura das suprarrenais, indicando adaptação dos animais aos fatores estressantes aqui estudados.
The dynamic impact of external shocks on fiscal reaction function in a small open economy
Authors: Lee Chee Loong
Published: March 2020

Fiscal authorities in a small open economy should utilize its fiscal instrument feedback to external shocks. This paper analyzes the dynamic respond of budgetary policy to external shocks in Malaysia by a Structural VAR model. On the one hand, the results confirm that external shocks have a significant effect on fiscal reaction function variables. On the other hand, the direct consideration of budgetary reaction of Malaysia to external shocks is limited. Therefore, fiscal authorities should enhance its feedback to external shocks to achieve stable and sustain growth.
Diversity in the board of directors and good governance practices
Authors: Melón-Izco Álvaro , Ruiz-Cabestre Francisco J. , Ruiz-Olalla M. Carmen
Published: March 2020

Motivated by the debate on the adequacy of the composition of boards of directors, we examine the effect that board diversity has on corporate governance performance in Spain, analysing gender diversity, diversity of director types and tenure diversity. The findings reveal that diverse boards of directors have a positive influence on good governance practices,improving the efficiency of corporate governance mechanisms. These results could be interesting for practitioners and regulators.
Power Optimization of Electric Developments in Diesel Power Plant for the Electrical Energy Sources using Dynamic Programming Algorithm
Authors: Haq Sigit Prasetyo , Muladi Muladi , Sendari Siti
Published: March 2020

The electricity need in the G4 Building at the State University ofMalang was more than 85 kVA. All electrical devices could beactivated; but when the energy source was inactive, all electricityrequirements were transferred to the diesel power plant (DPP).However, the electrical capacity of DPP was only 20 kVA;therefore, it was necessary to optimize the electrical power load sothat the DPP energy could be absorbed optimally using the roomscheduling and electrical devices priority systems. The DynamicProgramming Algorithm was embedded in the power optimizationsystem to help optimize the work. The power optimization prototypewas used to simulate the 1st floor of the G4 Building’s condition.The system consisted of a controller, a central controller, and auser interface. the controller comprised of a current sensor,microcontroller, and a relay. The central controller consisted ofRaspberry Pi 3 hardware that was installed as the server to answerthe HTTP request from the controller and user interface. The userinterface was displayed in a dynamic web to ease the user inmanaging the electrical devices and entering the room usageschedule. The power optimization system managed the electricalenergy from DPP by turning on the electrical devices according tothe priority value. The power optimization system tests were dividedinto six problems, of which each stage had an error value of 0%.
Review of The Minor Gesture by Erin Manning
Authors: Orsak Sarah
Published: March 2020

No abstract available.
Persistent Pneumothorax: Alveolar pleural fistula due to a hole in a bulla
Authors: Al Kindi Adil H. , B. Jayakrishnan , Al Mubaihsi Saif M. , Al Kemyani Nasser A.
Published: March 2020

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Transfascial Muscular Hernias: Diagnosis by dynamic ultrasonography
Authors: Fustà-Novell Xavier , Morgado-Carrasco Daniel , Iranzo Pilar , Giavedoni Priscila
Published: March 2020

Medical Image
Comparison of Nitroglycerin versus Lignocaine Spray to Attenuate Haemodynamic Changes in Elective Surgical Patients Undergoing Direct Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation: A prospective randomised study
Authors: Varshney Rohit K. , Prasad Mukesh K. , Garg Megha
Published: March 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects of nitroglycerin (NTG) versus lignocaine spray in blunting the pressor response during direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Methods: This study was conducted between January and June 2018 in the Department of Anesthesiology, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College, Moradabad, India. A total of 90 elective surgical patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status grades I or II were divided into three groups, comprising two treatment groups and one control group. Patients in the treatment groups received either one puff (1.5 mg/kg) of lignocaine 10% spray or one puff (400 μg) of NTG spray in the oropharynx one minute prior to the induction of anaesthesia. Haemodynamic variables and mean rate pressure product at baseline and one, two, three, four and five minutes post-induction were compared. Results: There was a significant reduction in mean heart rate at 3–5 minutes in both treatment groups compared to the control group (P <0.050), as well as lower increases in mean arterial pressure at 1–3 minutes (P <0.050). However, at 2–4 minutes, there was a significantly greater decrease in mean systolic blood pressure in the NTG group compared to both the lignocaine and control groups (P <0.050). Moreover, a greater decrease in mean rate pressure product response at 1–5 minutes was observed in the NTG group compared to the lignocaine and control groups (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The NTG spray was more effective than lignocaine in attenuating blood pressure increases and rate pressure product during elective laryngoscopy and intubation.Keywords: Endotracheal Anesthesia; Intubation; Laryngoscopy; Lignocaine; Nitroglycerin; Comparative Effectiveness Research; India.
Re: The Effect of Change in Posture on Spirometry in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome
Authors: Al-Mendalawi Mahmood D.
Published: March 2020

n/a
In vitro activity of four triazole antifungal drugs against clinically common and uncommon yeast species
Authors: Aslani Narges , Shokohi Tahereh , Ataollahi Mohammad Reza , Ansari Saham , Gholampour Yousef , Khani Jeihooni Ali , Afsarian Mohammad Hosein
Published: March 2020

Background and Purpose: Incidence of fungal infections caused by opportunistic fungal pathogens, such as yeasts and yeast-like species, has undergone an increase in otherwise healthy individuals. These pathogens account for high mortality and show reduced susceptibility to the routine antifungal drugs. Accordingly, antifungal susceptibility testing is an urgent need in the determination of the susceptibility spectrum of antifungals and selection of appropriate antifungal agents for the management of patients with fungal infection.Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 110 yeast strains belonging to 15 species recovered from clinical specimens. Susceptibility of the isolates to four antifungal drugs (i.e., fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole) was tested according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines M27-A3 and M27-S4.Results: Fluconazole exhibited no activity against 4.3% (n=2) of C. albicans isolates, whereas the remaining 44 isolates had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 0.125-4 μg/ml. Voriconazole had the lowest geometric mean MIC (0.03 μg/ml) against all isolated yeast species, followed by posaconazole (0.07 μg/ml), itraconazole (0.10 μg/ml), and fluconazole (0.60 μg/ml). Overall, all of the isolates had reduced voriconazole MICs with a MIC range of 0.016-0.5 μg/ml, except for one isolate of C. albicans that had a MIC of 1 μg/ml. Candida haemulonii as a multidrug-resistant fungus showed a fluconazole MIC of > 64 μg/ml.Conclusion: The current study provides insight into the antifungal susceptibility profiles of clinically common and uncommon yeast species to four triazole antifungal agents. According to our findings, voriconazole was the most active agent. Awareness about antifungal susceptibility patterns is highly helpful in the selection of appropriate antifungal drugs and identification of the efficiency of the currently used agents.
Long-term effect of antifungal therapy for the treatment of severe resistant asthma: an active comparator clinical trial
Authors: Mirsadraee Majid , Dehghan Sanaz , Ghaffari Shadi , Mirsadraee Niloofar
Published: March 2020

Background and Purpose: Itraconazole therapy has been reported to control asthma in severe therapy-resistant asthma with fungal sensitization. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of anti-fungal therapy on the treatment of severe asthma, irrespective of sensitization.Materials and Methods: This active comparator clinical trial was performed on 110 therapy-resistant asthmatic patients who were randomly assigned into two groups of case and control. The patients in the case group were administered 200 mg itraconazole twice a day and the control group received 10 mg prednisolone after breakfast for 4 months. The asthma control test (ACT) which was used as a marker for the global evaluation of treatment effectiveness (GETE) was applied as the primary endpoint parameter. Cough, dyspnea, and sleep disturbance were measured on a scale of 1-4, with 1 representing no symptom and 4 indicating severe exhausting disturbance.Results: Based on the obtained results, 71% of the itraconazole group demonstrated a marked improvement in the GETE score after a four-month treatment. Itraconazole was able to suppress clinical symptoms, including cough, dyspnea, and night symptoms, and their physical exam was indicative of normalization in 60% of the patients. On the other hand, the patients in the parallel group "prednisolone" were only able to control dyspnea. The ACT score represented a notable improvement with itraconazole (mean: 14 before the trial and >20 after the trial) and spirometry parameters underwent a considerable change from obstructive pattern to normal. Furthermore, adverse effects were only detected in 6% of itraconazole users.Conclusion: The results of this clinical trial indicted the effectiveness of antifungal therapy for the control of the clinical condition of a subgroup of patients with severe steroid-refractory asthma.
İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmeni Adaylarının Etkinlik Uygulama Süreçlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Ferhat , IŞIK Ahmet
Published: March 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı; ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının lisans eğitimleri doğrultusunda etkinlik uygulama süreçlerini incelemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Atatürk Üniversitesi Kazım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmenliği Lisans Programı’nın dördüncü sınıfında öğrenim gören 12 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma grubu belirlenirken araştırmaya uygun, verimli ve rahat ulaşılabilir bir örneklem seçildiği için kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, öğretmen adaylarının etkinlik uygulama süreçlerini incelemeye yönelik yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu hazırlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda veriler, görüşme ve gözlem (video kaydı) yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Görüşmelerden elde edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda, ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının etkinlik uygulama sürecine yönelik yeterli bilgi ve deneyime sahip olmadıkları tespit edilmiştir.
Verdiği Bir İcâzetnâme Üzerinden Akreboğlu Osman Nuri Taşkent
Authors: AYDENİZ Nurullah
Published: March 2020

İslam ilim geleneğinde oldukça köklü bir yeri olan icâzetnâmeler sadece hocanın öğrencisine belli konularda eğitim öğretim yapma izni verdiği bir izin belgesi değildir. İcâzetnâmeler bizzat hoca tarafından verildiğinden yazıldıkları alana ve tarihe ilave olarak hoca-talebe ilişkisine dair önemli ipuçları da barındırmaktadırlar. Bu bağlamda icâzeti veren hocanın kendi hocalarıyla ilgili saygı ifade eden ve rahmet temennisinde bulunduğu cümleler kurması onun hem eğitim geçmişine hem de hocalarına yaklaşımına ışık tutmaktadır. Diğer taraftan hocanın icâzetnâmede öğrencisini tanıtmaya ve taltif etmeye yönelik ifadelere yer vermesinin yanı sıra nasihat ve beklentilerini sıralaması da onun değer dünyasının bir yansıması olabilmektedir. Bu makalede 1936 yılında Adapazarı’na Kur’an öğretmeni olarak gönderilen Osman Nuri Taşkent’in öğrencilerinden Himmet Babalıoğlu’na verdiği icâzetnâmenin tahlili yapılmaktadır.
Ana Akım İktisat ve Kapitalizm İlişkisi: Eleştirel Bir Giriş
Authors: LEVENT Adem
Published: March 2020

Modernliğin genel bilimi olarak öne çıkan politik iktisat, herhangi bir disipliner sınırlamaya tabi olmadan kurumlar, sınıf, hukuk, politika ve ekonomi gibi geniş bir inceleme alanına sahiptir. Politik iktisat, ticari ve sanayi kapitalizmi dönemlerinde geliştiği için kendini var eden toplumsal gerçekliği bir bütün olarak analiz etmeye çabalamıştır. Ancak 19. yüzyılın sonlarında fiyatlama sorununu çözmek için fayda değer kavramının öne çıkması ve sosyal bilimler arasında gerçekleşen entelektüel işbölümü kapsamında politik iktisat, iktisada dönüşürken araştırma nesnesini daraltmıştır. Bunun sonucu iktisat bilimi, kapitalizmi araştırma nesnesi olmaktan çıkararak piyasa dengesi, tüketici faydası, bireysel kâr maksimizasyonu gibi disiplin içi teknik meseleleri temel araştırma nesnesi olarak kabul edip bilimsel faaliyetlerine devam etmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada günümüz iktisat biliminin, teknik bir boyutta ilerlediği için gündelik yaşamımızı doğrudan etkileyen kapitalist sistemi analiz edemediği iddia edilmektedir.
Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenlerinin Mesleki Etik ve Mesleki Motivasyon Durumlarının İncelenmesi: Muş İli Örneği
Authors: KARAYOL Metin , YAVUZ EROĞLU Sultan
Published: March 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin mesleki etik ve mesleki motivasyon durumlarını incelemektir. Araştırma nicel bir çalışma olup çalışmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Muş İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’nde çalışan beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri oluştururken, örneklem grubunu ise kolaylama örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen Muş Merkez’de görev yapan 20 kadın 104 erkek toplamda 124 beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem grubuna araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan kişisel bilgi formu, beden eğitimi öğretmeni ‘’Mesleki Etik Ölçeği’’ ve beden eğitimi öğretmenleri için ‘’Mesleki Motivasyon Ölçeği’’ uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre mesleki etik ve mesleki motivasyon alt boyutlarının cinsiyet, medeni durum, çalışılan okul, öğretmenlik kıdemi ve idari görev değişkeni ile arasında anlamlı bir fak saptanmamıştır. Veli ve Öğrencilerden kaynaklanan Motivasyon, Mesleki sorumluluk ve mesleki etik genel alt boyutlarının yaş değişkeni ile arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmıştır. Mesleki etik ile mesleki motivasyon alt boyutları arasında pozitif ve negatif korelasyon görülmüştür. Regresyon analizine göre mesleki etik ve mesleki sorumluluk alt boyutlarının mesleki motivasyon genel düzeyini arttırdığı görülmüştür.
Procollagen propeptides and visceral obesity index in patients with myocardial infarction with preserved emission faction and various metabolic phenotype
Authors: Osokina A. V. , Karetnikova V. N. , Polikutina O. M. , Slepynina IU. S. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Artemova T. P. , Ryzhenkova S. N. , Pecherina T. B. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: March 2020

Purpose. To identify the peculiarities of the dynamics of fibrosis markers of C-terminal procollagen propeptide type I (PICP) and N-terminal collagen propeptide type III (PIIINP) in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and preserved myocardial contractility.

Material and methods. 86 patients with STEMI and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction were examined. In addition to the standard laboratory and instrumental examinations, all the patients underwent the estimation of the concentrations of C-terminal procollagen propeptide type I (PICP) and N-terminal collagen propeptide type III (PIIINP) by enzyme-linked immunoassay using BCM Diagnostics laboratory kits (USA) on the 1st and the 12th days of disease and 1 year later.

Results. The concentration of PICP was significantly reduced in all groups during the entire observation period. Significant correlations were found between PICP and visceral obesity index, age and left ventricular ejection fraction. A relationship was found between PIIINP and an increased visceral obesity index.
Análisis de la actividad algebraica implicada en el trabajo con las tablas estadísticas
Authors: Pallauta Jocelyn D. , Gea María M. , Batanero Carmen
Published: March 2020

En este trabajo se analiza la actividad algebraica requerida en el manejo de las tablas estadísticas que se tienen en cuenta en los cursos 5º a 8º de la Educación Básica y en la educación Media en Chile (10 a 13 años). Para ello se utilizan los niveles de razonamiento algebraico descritos por Godino y sus colaboradores, y la clasificación de los tipos de tablas estadísticas sugerida por Lahanier- Reuter. La información obtenida es útil al profesor de Educación Básica o Secundaria para tener en cuenta el nivel de razonamiento algebraico requerido en el trabajo con los diferentes tipos de tablas y las actividades propuestas respecto a ellas.

 

Abstract

In this paper we analyse the algebraic activity required in the work with the statistical tables, which are taken into account in Basic Education in Chile grades 5th to 8th (10 to 13-year-olds). To achieve this goal, the levels of algebraic reasoning described by Godino and his collaborators, and the classification of the types of statistical tables suggested by Lahanier-Reuter are used. The information obtained is useful for teachers of these or upper levels who should take into account the level of algebraic reasoning required in the work with the different types of tables and the proposed activities related to them.
Una Introducción a la Geometría Riemanniana
Authors: Sánchez M José M.
Published: March 2020

El principal propósito de este artículo es hacer una introducción histórica a la Geometría Riemanniana, poniendo de manifiesto la renovada vigencia de esta área matemática de investigación. Se trata de una rama llena de interesantes ejemplos de aplicación en la realidad que nos rodea, que pueden ir desde la utilización de la geometría esférica en la geolocalización de nuestros gps, a la aplicación de la teoría de la relatividad general y la interpretación de cómo se expande nuestro universo.

Abstract

 The main purpose of this article is to make a historical introduction to Riemannian Geometry, highlighting the renewed validity of this mathematical area of research. It is a branch full of interesting examples of application in the reality that surrounds us, which can range from the use of spherical geometry in the geolocation of our GPS, to the application of the theory of general relativity and the interpretation of how our universe expands.
Fresh Produce Retail Price Comparisons in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Iton C. W. Ardon , Seepersad Govind
Published: March 2020

As the competitive landscape of the food and grocery retailing sector in Trinidad and Tobago is being transformed and consumers are separated from producers, shoppers are more reliant on price/quality cues in making their purchase decisions. The purpose of this study is to identify the retail outlet with the lowest and or highest price for a selected number of fresh produce items, in an effort to direct shoppers to relatively cheap nutritious sources of fresh produce. ANOVA and the Games-Howell test were the analytical procedures used. The ANOVA results indicated that there is statistical difference for all the items at the different retail outlets – farmers’ markets, roadside markets, public markets and supermarkets.

The Games-Howell results obtained indicated that the supermarket mean prices were the highest for all items. Shoppers who purchased pineapple at the farmer’s market instead of the supermarket in 2016 could have potentially achieved the greatest savings of $6.52/kg.

JEL Classification: C12, Q13, M31
Touristic Motivation and Lifestyles of Hungarian Domestic Tourists Correlation Study
Authors: Kalmár-Rimóczi Csilla
Published: March 2020

Motivations are closely interwoven with personality theories. According to researchers the object of motivation theory is primarily to describe what is common in people, whereas lifestyle theories highlight the individual differences among people. Tourism travel decisions constitute a special type of consumer decisions in which case the tourist has to make a choice among the personal tourism services on offer according to his/ her individual needs, but still as a segment specific product corresponding to common motivations. Consequently, certain elements of lifestyle and motivation theory appear in touristic decisions as well. Having perused the relevant trade literature, I came to the realisation that there have been very little research done in the area of travel motives in recent years. The examination of the correlation between motivation and lifestyle complemented with model application is a field belonging to applied marketing science which can be regarded as uncharted territory in tourism research. Domestic tourism accounts for a significant portion among the national income sectors. That is why it is of key importance to be aware of the correlation between the habits and needs of the local population and the factors influencing travel decisions. Applying the results of my research I endeavoured to define and model the lifestyle, needs and motivations of domestic tourists as the factors influencing their decisions. With the results of the investigation, I also wished to provide some guidelines for the creation of tourism supply in view of product development and communication.

JEL Classification: Z32 tourism and development
Bajtín y la hermenéutica
Authors: Bubnova Tatiana
Published: March 2020

Bakhtinian hermeneutics did not develop as part of a specific “hermeneutic” discipline, but as an integral aspect of his philosophical anthropology based on communication. Texts,seen as the products of intentional or ethical acts, are conceived as statements that accompany parallel acts, or even constitute acts in themselves. This article aims at understanding the process through which Bakhtin developed a phenomenology of comprehension based on the interpretation of communicative acts embodied in the text, unlike traditional hermeneutics. Bakhtin’s dialogism is self-referred and oriented towards the other person speech, in a specific chronotope. The concept of carnival, a variant of the communicative process which encompasses the sacred and the profane, is also an intrinsic aspect of Bakhtin’s anthropological philosophy.
La India y el Renacimiento florentino: las cartas de Filippo Sassetti
Authors: Figueroa Óscar
Published: March 2020

Here we present the translation of two of the letters that Filippo Sassetti, the Florentine merchant and humanist of the 16th-century, sent from India to Italy with abundant and insightful observations about the religious beliefs, customs, languages, nature and social life of the subcontinent. This document ―little known and so far unpublished in Spanish (and apparently in other languages too)― is a valuable testimony of the complex process of Europe’s reception and interpretative representation of the ancient Indian culture. In this respect, Sassetti’s hermeneutic endeavours, to a large extent dependent on Florentine Renaissance humanism’s ideals, stand out. They help us understand the Indian Other beyond the stereotypes in vogue then (and now), as well as the difficulties to achieve that.
Biosorption of Cr (III) from Aqueous Solution Using Banana Peel Powder
Authors: Dias Renieidy F. C. , Felisberto Regina , Ramos Adriana F. , Faria Roberto R. , Dias Francisco M. F. , Dantzger Derli R. C.
Published: March 2020

O uso de cascas de banana moídas foi avaliado como biossorvente para a remoçãode resíduos de Cr (III) em eflentes aquosos. O eflente aquoso utilizado foi geradoem aulas experimentais de química analítica quantitativa no Instituto Federal do RioGrande do Sul (IFRS). Técnicas alternativas foram empregadas no presente trabalho,os ensaios combinaram duas metodologias para o tratamento deste resíduo. Oprimeiro explora a capacidade de cascas de banana como biossorvente na remoção deCr (III), enquanto o segundo emprega a complexação de Cr (III) usando EDTA, sobirradiação de microondas, para fis de quantifiação. A remoção máxima de 60% doconteúdo de Cr (III) foi alcançada em 40 minutos de tratamento, em escala de batelada.
Efeito do Substituinte Sr na Transição de Fase do PT: Correlação Teórica e Experimental das Propriedades Eletrônicas e Estruturais
Authors: Mesquita Weber D. , Santos Maria R. C. , Junior Mario G. , Leal Sérgio H. B. S. , Espinosa José W. M. , Longo Elson , Gurgel Maria F. C.
Published: March 2020

A transição de fase dos compostos PT, PST e ST, sintetizados pelo Método dos Precursores Poliméricos, foram estudados através da correlação teórica e experimental empregando DFT, utilizando o pacote computacional CRYSTAL14. Os modelos foram construídos em uma supercela 1x1x2 utilizando dados do refiamento de Rietveld. Os resultados foram interpretados em termos de Estrutura de Bandas, Densidade de Estados, evolução estrutural e valor de gap. Nestes modelos, foram possíveis a identifiação e a compreensão da transição de fase e redução na relação c/a concluindo que os modelos sofrem transição de fase conforme aumenta-se a concentração de substituinte Sr na matriz do PT.
Uma Revisão do Uso de Processos Oxidativos Avançados para Descoloração de Águas Residuais de Efluentes
Authors: Oliveira Letícia G. , Fernandes Fabrício H. , Mesquita Weber D. , Junior Mario G. , Santos Maria R. de C. , Gurgel Maria F. do C.
Published: March 2020

A preocupação com o meio ambiente e o modo correto de descarte de corantes têxteis em eflente têm sido tema de vários estudos. A contaminação de águas por corantes industriais é, sem dúvida, um dos problemas atuais não só no Brasil, mas em todo mundo. O objetivo dos pesquisadores acerca deste tema envolve o estudo de Processos Oxidativos Avançados (POAs) que se apresentam como uma potente alternativa de método rápido e efiiente para a completa descoloração de corantes em águas. Neste estudo, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura em torno dos mais novos métodos de descoloração de corantes têxteis.
Duration Of Ventilation Support Usage And Development Of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: When Is The Most Time At Risk?
Authors: Alfaray Ricky Indra , Mahfud Muhammad Iqbal , Faizun Rafiqy Sa'adiy
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Ventilator-Associated pneumonia (VAP) is pneumonia that occurs in patients who have been mechanically ventilated for a duration of more than 48 hours. The duration of ventilator use was identified as a risk factor which is a trigger of VAP. Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between the duration of ventilator use and the incidence of VAP in patients in the Intensive Care Unit of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang. Method and Material: This study was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional design. The samples were all patients who use a ventilator for more than 48 hours at the ICU room period of July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2015. Data were obtained from the patient’s medical records of a total of 146 patients, but the number of patients who comply with the criteria was 106 patients. Result and Discussion: Out of the 106 samples, 41 patients (38.7%) developed VAP and 65 patients (61.3%) did not develop VAP. The analysis using Chi-Square test showed that patients who used ventilator for >5 days had an OR = 3.273 compared to patients using ventilator 2-5 days (p-value = 0.016; 95% CI = 1.223 to 8.754). Conclusion: There is a significant association between the duration of ventilator use and the incidence of VAP in patients at the ICU of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang. Patients using ventilators for more than 5 days 3,386 times more at risk of developing VAP compared to patients using ventilators 2-5 days. The riskiest time for the patient using ventilator was more than 5 days of usage. And, the mortality rate of VAP patients was 63.4% from 41 patients while the mortality rate of whole ICU patients was 50.9%.
Triage Knowledge of Emergency Rooms Nurses at Dr Soetomo Regional General Hospital
Authors: Widyani Fariza Nur Aini , Basuki April Poerwanto , Nuswantoro Djohar
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Triage is a system to sort patients based on their urgency for care during an emergency. In addition, to determine patient’s severity, triage reduces time wasted and overcrowding in the emergency room.1 Triage errors such as over-triage or under-triage must not exceed 35% and 5% of the total numbers of patients respectively. Dr. Soetomo General Hospital of Surabaya with its status as one of type “A” hospital in Indonesia that has good amenities, facilities, and infrastructures which is also the main referral hospital from Primary or Secondary Health Care, is prone to patients overcrowding. The high number of patients and the demands for high-quality service as the main referral hospital require higher qualification from health care professionals in term of cognitive, skills, and attitude. Objective: This study conducted to evaluate the level of knowledge of the ER (Emergency Room) nurses at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in 2019 towards triage. Methods and Materials: This study is a quantitative descriptive study using a validated questionnaire with 32 nurses as the samples. Results and Discussion: Demographic profile showed that majority of nurses are: female (52%), age 26 – 35 years old (46 %), graduated from D3 (61%), have been working in this field for >15 years (46%), attended Basic Life Support Training (33%), and have moderate knowledge in triage (61%). Conclusion: Emergency room nurses of Dr Soetomo General Hospital had adequate knowledge in triage. The researcher considers there might be some factors influencing nurse’s knowledge in triage.