bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histological Changes of The Effect of Different Doses of Vitamin D3 On the Duodenum, Jejunum, And Colon in Female Albino Rats
Authors:   University of Diyala /College of Science, Kasr Vian Ihsan , A. Abdulwahab Doaa ,   University of Diyala /College of Science
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of varying doses of vitamin D3 on the duodenum, jejunum, and colon of female albino rats. Female albino rats received oral administration of vitamin D3 at concentrations of 5,000 IU, 7,500 IU, and 10,000 IU over a period of six weeks. Histological examination of most treatment groups revealed symptoms such as infiltration of inflammatory cells in the submucosal region and villi, along with edema and congestion.
Space, Time and Scale: When Geohistory Reveals a Territorial Heritage Based on Water
Authors: Verhoog Lauriane
Published: November 2024

The Mozambique Channel separates the island of Madagascar from Mozambique on the African continent, creating a total of 6200 km of coastline. Yet, in inscriptions of national heritage, water is not a focus of discussion nor is it considered. This lack of attention to water-related heritage is surprising given that the cities and heritage sites along the Mozambique Channel emerged from a maritime trade network that existed until the nineteenth century and formed the foundation for the evolution of the two countries. A water-based approach to heritage can help address contemporary challenges involved in the regional expression of heritage as well as the building of a national identity. Focusing on territorial dynamics, this article helps to rethink the role of heritage in creating a water-aware approach to heritage along the Mozambique Channel. It uses a multiscalar and spatio-temporal methodology called geohistory to analyze the development of the two coasts, their development over time and the resulting questions for heritage.
The Antalaotra People of Madagascar: Made and Unmade by the Sea
Authors: Verhoog Lauriane
Published: November 2024

The territory of Madagascar emerged from the unification of formerly independent kingdoms. These kingdoms were geographically distinct, with one main inland kingdom and several coastal ones. The “Kingdom of Madagascar” emerged in the nineteenth century from political conquests made possible by the trade effervescence taking place along the nearby Mozambique Channel, creating an islandbased unity. The Antalaotra people, or “People from the Sea,” who lived in the Comoros archipelago and the northwest coast of Madagascar, acted as a bridge between the different territories. Over a period of five centuries, they laid a common cultural foundation for a Malagasy society. Their regional trading culture allowed them to penetrate the inland kingdom through economic and cultural exchange. However, their contribution to an emerging national heritage was quickly suppressed and by the nineteenth century the Antalaotra had disappeared in Madagascar as a community. Today, Madagascar’s national identity continues to emphasize the former inland Merina Kingdom, land of the Merina people, making national disparities significant in every aspect, especially culturally. Successive national governments have ignored the role of coastal heritage in the forging of national identity. This article dives into the past and inheritance of the Antalaotra people to argue for the inclusion and acknowledgment of their coastal heritage as part of the national identity.
The Ghats in Dhaka’s Monsoon-Fed Landscape
Authors: Begum Salma
Published: November 2024

Addressing Dhaka’s severe lack of public space in a deltaic landscape, this article considers fluctuating pocket spaces overlooked in planning and policy. It focuses on ghats, liminal zones between land and water, and a common Asian cultural landscape element. It explores their role as vital yet undefined and informal hubs of community life. The article documents social practices in these small, flexible areas carved out within a larger context. Examining specific pockets along the Turag-Buriganga and Balu Rivers, and the Banani-Gulshan-Hatirjheel Lake area in Bangladesh, it reveals how local communities adapt to changing water levels and urban dynamics. Each of these areas represents different degrees of urbanization, showcasing unique responses to environmental challenges. Emphasizing festivals like mela taking place in the ghats and hydrological movements, the inquiry considers the cultural significance of the ghat water landscape. The article takes the innovative strategy of providing an atlas created for this project that presents a place’s intricate story in a synoptic composition.
The Floating Urbanism of Cambodia’s Tonlé Sap
Authors: De Meulder Bruno , Shannon Kelly
Published: November 2024

For decades, the floating villages of Tonlé Sap, a lake in Cambodia, have demonstrated ingenuity by necessity and adaptability to the seasonal rhythms of nature. The villages are examples of ephemeral, floating urbanism, a response to discriminatory land tenure practices that is able to adjust to ever-increasing fluctuations in water levels exacerbated by global warming. The villages’ Indigenous knowledge systems and practices (IKSP) display a distinct intelligence, in which water-based modes of living and livelihoods are connected with a resourceful understanding and use of locational assets. Conducting intensive fieldwork by boat and living in the floating villages for ten days in August 2023, the authors gained knowledge of local expertise through observation and informal interviews. They documented livelihoods and modes of settlement that suggest a pause in the neo-liberal market-driven globalism sweeping Cambodia. Here they relate their research to existing literature and studies (primarily ethnographic and policy-oriented) of the region’s unique monsoon culture of floating villages with a culturally specific identity that combines hierarchy and heterarchy.
Settling-on-the-Move: Birsing Char-scapes in the Brahmaputra Valley
Authors: Das Swagata , Shannon Kelly , De Meulder Bruno
Published: November 2024

Chars are shifting riverine islands. This article focuses on Birsing Char, part of Birsing Jarua Village Panchayat, in the Brahmaputra River near the Indo-Bangladesh border. Generations of families have migrated across this porous border, settling in the Lower Brahmaputra Valley. This migration has intensified the sociocultural othering of Bengali Muslims amid Assam’s identity politics and India’s rising authoritarianism. Through fieldwork and interpretative mapping, the article uncovers forms of alternative knowledge, including local spatial practices and intangible heritage like songs and poetry, threatened by infrastructural development, policies of the Indian government and climate change. It explores how such knowledge can be harnessed and inspire alternative development policy and design in the context of global warming in the Brahmaputra Valley and in Assam’s sociopolitical climate. The case underscores the urgency of recognizing marginalized chars as vital to the region’s water legacy, as they contribute both to local livelihoods and broader ecological systems.
Traditional Water Management in the Thar Desert: The Khadeen of Rajasthan, India
Authors: La Vena Pierantonio , Ram Bhatta
Published: November 2024

The khadeen system of the Thar Desert, in Rajasthan, is an ancient technology that takes advantage of peculiar geohydrologic formations to create temporary lakes. A careful water management practice, the khadeen are an example of age-old methods of capturing and using seasonal runoff for agriculture, ensuring water access in arid regions. Khadeen have played a crucial role in supporting agricultural activities since the sixteenth century, offering impressive yields in a water-scarce environment. However, the enduring efficacy of khadeen faces contemporary threats, including mining encroachment, labor outmigration and road development. The delicate balance between preserving traditional knowledge and succumbing to external pressures poses challenges to their cultural, ecological and agricultural significance. This paper comments on the historical, hydrogeological and socioeconomic dimensions of khadeen, emphasizing the importance of their preservation in sustaining communities and ecosystems in the Thar Desert area.
Traditional Khmer Water Practices: A Case Study of Phnom K’to, Vietnam
Authors: Phuong Linh Vu Thi , De Meulder Bruno , Shannon Kelly
Published: November 2024

Phnom K’to (Cô Tô Mountain) is the easternmost peak of a small chain of granite outcrops of Vietnam’s Mekong Delta. It reveals a long and rich tradition of water management that is often overlooked in present-day development. Although the region is under Vietnamese control, it had centuries of Khmer rule and inhabitation. Today, the marginalized Khmer settlements around Phnom K’to are spread across varied terrain, from rugged mountains to muddy floodplains, with monsoon-fed and flood-cycle cultivation. The Khmer’s traditional water practices were carefully adapted to topography and water variations, forming interconnected habitats and productive mosaics specific to Khmer society. However, their vernacular landscape has been dramatically transformed and recast by modern canals (since the nineteenth century), dike building and granite mining (since 1975), and roads and reservoirs (since the 2010s). Whereas the entire region suffers from the consequences of global warming (particularly floods and droughts) and ecological destruction, there is an opportunity to revisit traditional Khmer water practices to provide insights for reconfiguring the water system. Fieldwork-based drawings, annotated with Khmer terminology, highlight morpho-topological readings of the relationship between water management practices and settlement. The research seeks to uncover opportunities to revisit and revalue such practices to renew stewardship of the territory.
Interview with Feng Gu: Revitalizing and Activating Canal Cities through the Integrated Protection of Water Heritage of the Grand Canal
Authors: Gu Feng , Zhu Kaiyi , Zhu Qingyong
Published: November 2024

China’s Grand Canal was the world’s most extensive civil engineering project before the Industrial Revolution. This interview explores how the process of applying for and achieving World Heritage status has led to the improvement of the environment surrounding the Grand Canal and encouraged collaboration among canal cities spanning eight provincial administrations. It highlights the role of water heritage as a catalyst for improving the protection of historic landscapes and waterscapes as well as the Grand Canal’s cultural heritage. It also addresses how these efforts have supported the integrated development of canal cities. The Grand Canal remains a vital link that promotes balanced cultural, ecological and economic development, contributing to the sustainability of various canal cities across northern and southern China.
Editorial Issue 2/2024
Authors: Hein Carola , Sliwinska Zuzanna , Carlien Donkor  , D'Agostino Matteo
Published: November 2024

In recent years, community engagement has become a cornerstone in peace-building, decision-making and sustainable development. It also plays an increasingly significant role in heritage management and the processes involved in heritage listing. The 1972 World Heritage Convention, Article 5, proposed adopting a policy of integrating cultural and natural heritage in the life of communities. In 2007, “Communities” was added as the “Fifth C” to the Strategic Objectives to “enhance the role of communities in the implementation of the World Heritage Convention” (UNESCO 2007). The 2011 UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach further strengthened commitment to community engagement by emphasizing the importance of community values and the need to learn “from communities about their histories, traditions, values, needs and aspirations, and by facilitating mediation and negotiation between groups with conflicting interests” (UNESCO 2011). This shift reflects a broader recognition that effective heritage preservation requires integrating local knowledge, practices and cultural values.
Building a Lasting Water Community
Authors: Ismail Widadi
Published: November 2024

This year’s 10th World Water Forum (10WWF), with the theme “Water for Shared Prosperity,” highlighted the need to identify and promote the collective values of water, along with heritage structures and practices. I was invited to give an opening speech at the official side event (SE37) of the UNESCO Chair Water, Ports and Historic Cities titled “Promoting the Values of the Subak System for Sustainable Water and Heritage Management.”
A interlocução entre a teoria da ação comunicativa e a tomada de decisão: a influência dos nudges no direito penal
Authors: Marafon Renata , Vasconcelos Priscila Elise Alves , Eccard Ana Flavia Costa
Published: November 2024

Hodiernamente, o Direito necessita de novas roupagens no que se refere a sua interpretação e argumentação e nesse diapasão, a filosofia da linguagem teve um papel importante para a hermenêutica jurídica. Habermas desenvolveu a Teoria do Agir Comunicativo, pondo a comunicação em foco, por meio da democracia participativa. Ante essa circunstância, a arquitetura de escolhas vem ganhando espaço em vários ramos do Direito, mas ainda pouco abrangido pelo Direito Penal e Processual Penal. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo geral a aplicação do conceito de nudges, advindo da Economia Comportamental ao Direito Penal e Processual Penal. Como objetivos específicos há a análise da Teoria do Agir Comunicativo; uma explicação sobre os nudges e como o conceito foi formulado. Por fim, demonstrar-se-á sua aplicabilidade em temáticas, bem como análise de leading cases. Para tanto, a metodologia a ser utilizada é o método dedutivo e pesquisa bibliográfica. Ao final, verificar-se-á a influência dos nudges no discurso jurídico, tanto em termos de legislação, quanto a aplicabilidade  por meio do convencimento da parte que decidirá a lide.
The Impact of Reading Strategies on Second Language Learners' Reading Comprehension and Motivation
Authors: Gebremariam Hailay Tesfay , Weldeyohannes Mahlet Zenebe
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to explore the use of reading strategies and reading motivation among second language students in relation to their comprehension of Amharic language reading skills. To achieve this goal, data was collected from 228 9th graders through reading strategies and reading motivation questionnaires, as well as reading comprehension tests. The data was analyzed using Spearman Rho and Regression techniques. The results indicate a low correlation between reading comprehension and reading strategies, as well as reading comprehension and reading motivation. However, there is a significant relationship between the use of reading strategies and reading motivation (p < .05), suggesting their impact on students' reading comprehension. Predictability was found to have the greatest impact on reading comprehension (p < .05). By understanding and utilizing reading strategies in the Amharic reading process, students can improve their reading abilities with healthy motivation. Therefore, it is recommended that providing students and teachers with knowledge and motivation to use both formal and informal reading strategies can greatly benefit students in reading comprehension training.
Keywords: second language students; reading strategies; reading motivation; reading comprehension; Amharic language learning
Determinants of Tax Revenue in Ethiopia: Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach
Authors: Dale Tahir Desta , Reta Mekdelawit , Girma Bizuneh
Published: November 2024

Tax revenue is the main source of revenue for governments in advanced and emerging economies, which fund government spending. The main goal of this research is to look at the factors affecting tax revenue in Ethiopia from 1996 to 2020 using time series data. The impact of agricultural-to-GDP, service-to-GDP, inflation, corruption, political stability, and tax reformation on the ratio of tax revenue to GDP was investigated in this study. The short-run and long-run associations between the variables were determined using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) co-integration approach. The study's outcomes reveal that inflation has a positive relationship with tax; however, agricultural GDP negatively impacted tax revenue in the short run over the study period. Political stability, service-to-GDP, and inflation, on the other hand, has a positive long-run impact on tax revenue, while corruption has a negative impact. We recommend that policymakers and governments combat corruption, maintain political stability, broaden tax bases to include more service-oriented businesses, and reduce reliance on agricultural sectors.
Keywords: Inflation; Corruption; Political stability; Tax reformation; Tax revenue
Enhancing Fault Detection and Location Identification using GIS-based Techniques: A Case Study of Arba Minch Distribution System
Authors: Zarba Esayas , Kefale Samuel , Anjamo Andinet
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Fault detection and location in distribution systems are critical for maintaining reliable electric power supply and minimizing outage time. The Arba Minch District distribution department of Ethiopian Electric Utility (EEU) currently employs a manual trial-and-error approach for fault detection and location, which is inefficient, time-consuming, and ineffective in resolving faults. This study evaluates the current approach and proposes an enhanced system utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to improve fault detection and location in the Arba Minch distribution system, specifically the Shecha feeder. The implementation of GIS-based fault detection and location aims to address the limitations of the manual method and mitigate economic losses associated with feeder faults. ETAP GIS simulations successfully detected and located faults, achieving effective reduction in fault detection and location time compared to the conventional method. By optimizing fault detection and location time, the System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) for the feeder was significantly reduced. Consequently, the GIS system highly minimizes the economic losses associated with energy not supplied. The results demonstrate the potential of GIS technology in enhancing fault detection and location, ultimately improving the reliability and efficiency of the distribution system.
Structural Reliability Studies on Pulverized Glass Powder Concrete Subjected to Bending Forces with Natural Aggregate
Authors: Kolo Daniel
Published: November 2024

The shortage of housing and basic infrastructure in Nigeria is assuming increasing dimension with continuous rise in the price of construction materials. Cement is a major component in concrete production, its production however is accompanied by huge carbon dioxide emissions. This research presents the results of structural reliability analysis conducted on reinforced concrete beam subjected to bending forces produced with pulverized glass powder as partial replacement for cement with Natural aggregate (NA) as coarse aggregate. First order reliability method (FORM) was employed to determine the level of safety of the beam. The result of the sensitivity analysis showed that the pulverized glass powder beam with NA as coarse aggregate is structurally safe at a span of 3000 mm and depth of 600 mm with probabilities of failure of 1.00 × 10-3 and 1.04 × 10-3 respectively.
Evaluation of meteorological drought and its impact on crop yield over Afar region, northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Minda Thomas T. , Badebo Tadele , Abebe Kebede
Published: November 2024

Drought is a natural hazard caused by a prolonged precipitation deficit that cannot meet human, livestock, and environmental demands. In Ethiopia, frequent and severe droughts increasingly affect the socio-economic and environmental sectors. This study evaluates the current and future projected meteorological drought and its impact on crop yield over the Afar region in northeast Ethiopia. We used surface stations, satellite climate estimates, downscaled atmospheric reanalysis, and regional climate model datasets. We evaluated the occurrence of drought using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) calculated at 3-month and 12-month time scales. The drought vs. regional cereal yield is correlated to explain yield variability in the region. Results showed that more intense droughts were analyzed in 1984, 1985, 2002, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2015, and 2016. Among these years, 1984, 2002, 2008, 2009, and 2015 were the driest years across all locations in the study area. The regression of SPI and SPEI with yield showed that the indices significantly explained (r2 = 0.56 for SPI and 0.18 for SPEI) the observed yield variation. Spatially, more intense drought prevails over the northern, northwestern, and southwestern parts of Afar, where these parts are more prone to severe drought. The projected drought pattern showed increases in the intensity and frequency of drought in the middle and end of the century. The findings of this study are helpful for stakeholders working on drought mitigation in the region.
Keywords: Climate dataset, meteorological drought indices, drought projection, pastoral community.
Traditional Dairy Production and Milk Handling Practices in Mareka District, Dawuro Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Amejo Asrat Guja
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to assess traditional dairy production, management, and milk handling practices in the Mareka district of the Dawuro zone in southwestern Ethiopia. Samples included 96 dairy cattle-producing households across three agroecological zones. Data collection methods were structured questionnaires, observations, and discussions with key informants. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. According to the study's findings, lactating cows constituted 28% of the overall herd population in the highlands and lowlands and 27% in the midlands. While 83% of households kept animals in the same house as their family, 15% housed them in the kitchen. Notably, cows in the highlands had a significantly shorter calving interval (17.3±0.78 months) compared to the midland (24.5±1.46 months) and lowlands (23.2±1.58 months). Average lactation lasted 229.3±6.69 days, with milking starting 51.6 days after calving. During peak periods, daily milk production per cow varied from 1.22±0.06 liters in the lowland and midland to 1.63±0.10 liters in the highlands. The average lactation yield per cow was 198.82 liters, with higher yields observed in highland cows, followed by midland and lowland cows. The study emphasizes the importance of empowering farmers and improving management practices to enhance the impact of traditional dairy practices on human nutrition and community livelihoods.
Keywords: traditional dairy production, calving interval, lactation length
ETHIOPIAN PERSPECTIVES AND SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATIONS OF THE SUN HALO PHENOMENON ON APRIL 7, 2022
Authors: Goshu Belay
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the many interpretations and reactions to the sun halo phenomenon reported in Ethiopia on April 7, 2022, with a particular focus on religious perspectives and scientific analysis. The diameter of the sun halo was measured to be 0.092 km, indicating the peculiarity of this atmospheric occurrence. A study among various religious leaders and community members showed that 80% of respondents considered the phenomenon required special prayers or religious rites, suggesting a significant tendency towards spiritual significance. Additionally, 14% of respondents indicated curiosity regarding the event, suggesting a normal human reaction to odd or incomprehensible situations. Meanwhile, 3% of responders mentioned ceremonial offerings or no specific activities to the sun halo. From a technical aspect, picture analysis of the sun halo revealed an initial pixel count of 108,584 with a standard deviation of 43,265 and a noise standard deviation of 0.0962994, resulting in a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 33.744. This study underlines the clarity and prominence of the sun halo in the obtained image. Furthermore, the study analyzed the relationship between the sun halo and atmospheric conditions, revealing a correlation coefficient of 0.49 on Day 7, coinciding with occasional cloud cover and atmospheric disturbances. The correlation coefficient slightly reduced to 0.48 on Day 8, when the sky was clear. These findings show a probable relationship between the presence of atmospheric disturbances and the appearance of the sun halo, offering a detailed explanation of this remarkable natural phenomenon. To understand the underlying atmospheric dynamics and probable seasonal trends, future studies should concentrate on a more thorough analysis of sun halos, combining a bigger dataset of occurrences across diverse geographical regions and climatic conditions. Further research could examine the psychological and cultural effects of celestial phenomena, such as sun halos, on different cultures, offering more insight into how these occurrences affect cultural norms and belief systems.
Keywords:  Sun, halo, scientific, people thought, image
Penggunaan Media Sosial dalam Mendukung Kinerja Pemasaran: Evaluasi Dampak Value Co-Creation dan Produktivitas Kerja
Authors: Indriyani Ratih , Renatha Dewi Agnes , Kempa Sesilya
Published: November 2024

UMKM sebaiknya meningkatkan kinerja pemasaran untuk mendukung strategi bersaingnya. Pada era digital ini pemasaran menggunakan media sosial dapat membantu bisnis meningkatkan kinerja pemasarannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Social media usage terhadap Marketing Performance melalui value co-creation dan Work Productivity pada UMKM. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis  penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan metode survei. Penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sebagai tehnik pengambilan sampel. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah pemilik UMKM di Sidoarjo yang menggunakan media sosial dan sudah beroperasi minimal 1 tahun. Teknik pengolahan data menggunakan software Smart PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Social media usage memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap value co creation dan work productivity. Di sisi lain,  value co-creation dan Work Productivity berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap marketing performance, sedangkan Social media usage tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap marketing performance. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya optimalisasi strategi media sosial untuk meningkatkan interaksi dengan konsumen serta efisiensi kerja UMKM dalam meningkatkan daya saing dan keberlanjutan usaha. Hasil ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan praktis bagi pelaku UMKM dalam memaksimalkan media sosial sebagai alat pemasaran.
Challenges and Implementation of Drug Inventory Control in Hospitals: Literature Review
Authors: Syahidah Putri Nadya , Sriatmi Ayun , Arso Septo Pawelas
Published: November 2024

One of the most important hospital management functions is the management of pharmaceutical drug logistics. Drug planning is the process of selecting the type and quantity of drugs required for procurement. Various managerial theories can be used to analyze drug control in pharmaceutical installations, and three research journals on pharmaceutical drug logistics control in hospitals are used for this literature review. The results of the analysis show that there are four methods in drug control: EOQ (economic purchase amount), ABC (better control at all times), ROP (point of repurchase), and VEN (vital, essential, and non-essential). One way to help pharmaceutical logistics stock inventory be more efficient, efficient, and responsive to patient needs and service dynamics is to apply one or a combination of these four methods. Good drug stock management can ensure optimal inventory control, improve service quality, reduce costs, and better manage risks.
Nano drug delivery-benefits, limitations and future perspective
Authors: Varala Ravi , Kotra Vijay , Kanuri Anil Kumar , Burra Mahesh Reddy , Nyamathullah Shaik
Published: November 2024

In many aspects, nanotechnology aids in the enhancement of the pharmacological and therapeutic qualities of traditional medications. Because nanocarriers can pass through the blood-brain barrier, they can be studied at the cellular level. Although nanodrug delivery has several drawbacks, it can adapt to minute alterations in the surrounding cellular environment, which helps to solve a lot of the present drug delivery issues. Strict standards should be developed by regulators to address their shortcomings. It is generally expected that during the coming years, nanotechnology will continue to advance and spread throughout many facets of science and life. The medical sciences will benefit from the applications of nanotechnology, which will include drug delivery systems, patient therapies, and diagnostic tools. Nanotechnology has been investigated thus far for targeted delivery and diagnosis. It is important to remember that the field of nanotechnology will only grow in the future in the healthcare industry. We provide some important insights about nanodrug delivery from this angle.
Programming Foundations
Authors: Šoštarić Nikolina
Published: November 2024

This introductory programming book offers a hands-on approach to learning Python, designed specifically for students of natural sciences who wish to enter the world of coding. Covering fundamental programming concepts - from variables and data types to functions and loops - the book presents examples and exercises rooted in applications across biology, physics, and mathematics. In addition to Python fundamentals, readers also build good practices of programming and working with computers, such as using the terminal, navigating an integrated development environment, tracking changes with Git, and writing pseudocode. Through hands-on learning, each chapter builds both confidence and competence, guiding students from simple scripts to more complex code. By the end of the book, students will not only understand Python’s core principles but also have the skills and tools to tackle real coding challenges within their scientific disciplines.
Vaginal leiomyosarcoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Alinoor B.O , Kibunja J.V.K , Mokomba A.M
Published: November 2024

Background: Vaginal leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare. Approximately 288 cases have been reported in the literature.
Case presentation: A 60-year-old presented to the gynecological ward as a referral with a diagnosis of vaginal leiomyosarcoma for chemoradiation. She had a history of per vaginal discharge, bleeding, and a posterior vaginal wall mass. Wide local excision of the mass was done at the peripheral facility. The surgical margin was 4 mm and negative for malignant cells. The patient was started on paclitaxel and cisplatin. She underwent 25 sessions of external beam radiotherapy and two sessions of brachytherapy. She is currently on follow-up through the gynecological- oncology clinic.
Conclusion: Surgical excision is the primary mode of treatment for vaginal leiomyosarcoma. Adjuvant chemoradiation following surgery has a role in reducing local recurrence and systemic relapse but with no appreciable effect on advanced disease.
Tuberculosis of the cervix remains a valid differential for cancer of the cervix: A case report
Authors: Nailah Farooqui , Konya Walter P. , Khalil Yusuf A. , Thuranira Alex K.
Published: November 2024

Background: Cervical cancer and tuberculosis remain significant health concerns, the former is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality.Case presentation: A 37-year-old nulliparous woman presented to the gynecological ward with a five-year history of intermittent per vaginal bleeding, post- coital bleeding, and intermenstrual bleeding associated with per vaginal discharge anddyspareunia. She had a friable cervical mass on speculum examination, and cervical cancer was suspected. The patient was examined under anesthesia, and a biopsy of the mass was performed. Histological examination revealed cervical tuberculosis. The patient was started anti- tuberculosis therapy for six months and responded well.Conclusion: Cervical tuberculosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for cervical masses, as seen in this rare case of cervical tuberculosis that mimicked cervical cancer. A high index of suspicion is required for timely diagnosis and treatment.
SỬ DỤNG TƯ LIỆU GỐC TRONG DẠY HỌC BÀI 13 "VIỆT NAM TRONG NĂM ĐẦU SAU CÁCH MẠNG THÁNG TÁM NĂM 1945" (SGK LỊCH SỬ VÀ ĐỊA LÍ 9, BỘ KẾT NỐI TRI THỨC VỚI CUỘC SỐNG) THEO HƯỚNG PHÁT TRIỂN NĂNG LỰC HỌC SINH
Authors: Nguyễn Phương Mai  , Trần Thị Bình
Published: November 2024

Tư liệu gốc có vai trò vô cùng quan trọng trong nghiên cứu và học tập lịch sử. Sách giáo khoa Chương trình Giáo dục phổ thông 2018 có nhiều điểm mới với hệ thống tư liệu gốc nhằm phát triển năng lực tư duy và thực hành lịch sử cho học sinh. Tuy nhiên, việc sử dụng những tư liệu này trên thực tế còn gặp nhiều khó khăn đối với cả giáo viên và học sinh, đặc biệt ở cấp Trung học cơ sở. Trong bài viết này, bằng phương pháp nghiên cứu lí thuyết, khảo sát và thông qua hệ thống tư liệu gốc trong Bài 13. Việt Nam trong năm đầu sau Cách mạng tháng Tám năm 1945 (Sách giáo khoa Lịch sử và Địa lý lớp 9 - bộ Kết nối tri thức với cuộc sống), chúng tôi chỉ ra: (1) Vai trò của tư liệu gốc trong dạy học lịch sử; (2). Biện pháp để sử dụng hiệu quả tư liệu gốc để phát triển năng lực học sinh trong bài học này.
Value of Serum Retinol-Binding Protein, Lipoprotein A and Inflammatory Nutritional Indexes and their Interactions in Predicting Acute Kidney Injury after Coronary Angiography
Authors: Mao Guangyao , Fu Xiaoyang
Published: November 2024

Background: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a serious condition that can arise after undergoing coronary angiography (CAG). This complication is primarily caused by the toxic impact of contrast agents on the kidneys, along with oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Identifying reliable biomarkers for early prediction remains essential due to the limited accuracy of existing clinical risk scores. Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 365 patients undergoing CAG between December 2021 and December 2023. Patients were categorized into non-AKI (n = 320) and AKI (n = 45) groups based on post-procedural renal function. Biomarkers including serum retinol-binding protein (RBP), lipoprotein A (Lp(a)), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nutritional markers were measured. Baseline demographics, lipid profiles, and procedure details were recorded. Results: Baseline characteristics revealed no significant differences between groups in terms of age, BMI, gender, and prevalence of hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Notably, RBP (41.83 ± 10.22 mg/L vs. 32.45 ± 8.76 mg/L, p < 0.001), Lp(a) (42.35 ± 13.87 mg/dL vs. 35.76 ± 11.54 mg/dL, p < 0.001), and IL-6 (6.23 ± 2.14 pg/mL vs. 4.87 ± 1.59 pg/mL, p < 0.001) levels were significantly higher in the AKI group. Total protein levels were significantly lower in the AKI group (6.88 ± 0.62 g/dL vs. 7.12 ± 0.54 g/dL, p = 0.006). Multivariate logistic regression identified RBP (OR 1.118, 95% CI 1.072–1.166, p < 0.001), Lp(a) (OR 1.047, 95% CI 1.014–1.080, p = 0.005), and IL-6 (OR 1.710, 95% CI 1.355–2.157, p < 0.001) as independent predictors of AKI, while higher total protein levels were protective (OR 0.497, 95% CI 0.257–0.960, p = 0.037). Conclusion: Serum RBP, Lp(a), IL-6, and total protein levels are valuable biomarkers for predicting CI-AKI after CAG. Elevated RBP, Lp(a), and IL-6 indicate higher risk, while higher total protein suggests protective effects.
Employment of Au/Co and Au/CoB as materials for anodes in borohydride–hydrogen peroxide fuel cells
Authors: Balčiūnaitė Aldona , Sukackienė Zita , Tamašauskaitė-Tamašiūnaitė Loreta , Santos Diogo Miguel Franco dos , Norkus Eugenijus
Published: November 2024

Au nanoparticles modified Co and CoB coatings deposited on the Cu surface are studied as anode materials for direct NaBH4–H2O2 fuel cells. The catalysts are prepared via electroless deposition of Co or CoB layers on the Cu surface followed by galvanic displacement of hierarchical Co by Au. The performance of direct borohydride–hydrogen peroxide fuel cells (DBHPFCs) using Au/Co/Cuor Au/CoB/Cu as the anode and Pt as the cathode is studied at different temperatures. A 1 M NaBH4 + 4 M NaOH solution is used as the anolyte and 5 M H2O2 + 1.5 M HCl is used as the catholyte, with a Nafion N117 membrane separating the two compartments. The DBHPFC using Au/Co/Cu and Au/CoB/Cuas the anode catalyst exhibits high electrochemical performance compared to that using Co/Cu and CoB/Cu as the anode catalyst. The highest specific peak power densities of 33.9 kW gAu–1 at 25 °C, at the current density of 150 mA cm–2 and cell voltage of 0.70 V and 58.1 kW gAu–1 at 55 °C, at 240 mA cm–2 and 0.75 V were attained using the Au/CoB/Cu anode with the Au loading of 3.1 µgAu cm–2.
Fluoride and silicon removal from spent glass etching solution by chemical treatment
Authors: Kaušpėdienė Danutė , Ragauskas Romas , Pakštas Vidas , Gefenienė Audronė
Published: November 2024

The effects of chemical treatment for spent silicon etching solution using a combination of two precipitants, K/NaOH, and calcium salts, have been investigated. The impact of the precipitant dose and the initial and final pH value on fluoride and fluorosilicate removal efficiency has also been evaluated. Fluoride and silicon were removed simultaneously in the form of insoluble (K/Na)2SiF6 using the precipitant K/NaOH at pH 5, while the residual concentration of soluble fluoride was in the range of 0.013 to 0.016 M. According to the XRD and wet-chemical analysis the purity of the K2SiF6 precipitate was 98%. The residual fluoride concentration in the solution was additionally reduced in the form of insoluble CaF2 using the precipitant Ca(NO3)2 with [Ca]:[F] = 1:1 at pH 6.7. The basic ingredients in the precipitate were CaF2 and Ca(NO3)2, while F and Si concentrations in the supernatant were undetectable. The combination of K/NaOH and Ca(NO3)2 makes it the best precipitating agent for fluoride and silicon removal from the spent chemical etching solution and production of precipitates suitable for industrial application.
Strategi Guru dalam Mengembangkan Sikap Keterampilan Sosial Siswa pada SMP Negeri 2 Seram Barat
Authors: Agustinus Nindatu  , Jurgen R. Litualy  , Yosepus A. Hallatu
Published: November 2024

Lack of social skills in students has an impact on students' indifferent attitude towards tasks given by teachers, lack of student participation in school activities and lack of interaction between students so that there are students who tend to be closed and have no sense of concern for their friends. Therefore, the role of teachers is needed in providing a positive contribution to the development of students' social attitudes. This type of research is descriptive qualitative and the data collection techniques used are observation and interviews. Furthermore, the data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively which aims to describe the problems that occur and relate them to the specified variables and can also be discussed in narrative form. The results of the study found that social skills as an interaction ability between teachers and teachers and teachers with students, and students with students so social skills in schools are related to the relationship of school community interactions, the role of teachers in developing students' social skills attitudes is shown through a learning approach in the classroom, for example through character values ​​explained in learning with the aim of training students to have a sense of sympathy, concern, tolerance which are part of social skills so that in the development of students' social skills at SMP Negeri 2 Seram Barat, students can accept the application of social skills attitudes well, this can be seen from student interactions both with teachers and with peers. Application of Social Skills attitudes in Learning for students in class that in the learning process carried out by teachers in class at SMP Negeri 2 Seram Barat, using learning methods such as: question and answer methods, lecture methods, demonstration methods, discussion methods, jigsaw learning methods, peer teaching methods. The application of social skills attitudes in classroom learning, the right method is a method that trains student cooperation, trains how to convey opinions such as question and answer methods, discussion methods. In implementing social skills attitudes, not only teachers have an important role, but social skills are also carried out by other teachers in classroom learning using learning methods that can develop students' social skills.
Konservasi Makam Keramat Solear Sebagai Warisan Budaya
Authors: Zahra Nur Amalia , Koimah Siti Mariyatul , Nugroho Febrian Tri , Ardiansyah Septian Syahnam , Pricillia Kezia
Published: November 2024

This research explores the challenges and potential in preserving the Sacred Solear Tomb as a valuable cultural heritage. Through field studies, interviews, and data analysis, we identified physical damage to the site and the significance of this tomb in the cultural and religious context of the local community. In addressing these challenges, we propose a series of concrete steps, including physical restoration, education and public awareness campaigns, involving the younger generation, collaborating with conservation institutions, policy development, and ongoing monitoring. Through these efforts, we hope to ensure that the Sacred Solear Tomb remains a vibrant and relevant part of culture and religious life while preserving its physical integrity for future generations. The preservation of this cultural heritage is our commitment to safeguarding an invaluable legacy for our culture.
La place du préteur pérégrin dans la procédure d’expulsion des étrangers à Rome IIe s. av. J.-C. – Ie s. ap. J.-C.
Authors:   Université Le MANS, MIHINDOU Dr Michael Lionel
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The praetor peregrine is in Rome the magistrate who deals with
the settlement of disputes between peregrines but also those between Roman
citizens and peregrines. One could easily think that his role towards
foreigners is limited to this but it is not. The present article therefore seeks to
show that the prerogatives of the praetor peregrine in Roman society were
not limited only to the settlement of conflicts, but could be extended to all
that touched directly and by far the foreigners of the Urbs.
Concepts et métaphores relatifs à l’esclavage et à la dépendance dans Vingt Vies de Plutarque
Authors: THIAM Dr Papa Birane
Published: November 2024

Abstract. If the data collected to study dependence in Plutarch mainly
concerns individuals with a clearly defined status (slave or freedman) or
uncertain status (slave, freedman, free), it is also crucial to bring forth the
implicit in order to better grasp the realities. In this article, we will focus on
occurrences related to concepts or metaphors. Although these do not directly
reflect the actual legal condition of the individuals in question, they
encompass a considerable number of occurrences related to the world of
dependence. The aim of this study is therefore twofold. On the one hand, it
seeks to approach the metaphorical situations of servitude in Plutarch's work
in order to understand the meaning of slavery in Greco-Roman society; on
the other hand, it attempts to uncover the vision that the historian from
Chéronée might have had of the servile phenomenon.
Properce, Tibulle et Ovide : des appréciations synoptiques de l’amour érotique
Authors: SENE Dr Robert Adama
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This present article focuses on the value that Latin elegiac poets
placed on erotic love. While sexual pleasure was once considered a taboo
subject and placed in the discretion of houses, poets like Properce, Tibulle
and Ovide saw it on the contrary as an invaluable source of happiness, a
treasure whose interest could not fail to be sung. Sailing against the current
of the considerations of their time, these poets, through a very expressive
evocation of this love, will also try to make it the solution against the evil of
living.
Contexte et problématique de la réception du message d’Augustin d’Hippone sur la continentia conjugalis après 410 : Analyse du chapitre VIII du De bono conjugali et des lettres 127, et 262 d’Augustin d’Hippone
Authors: DIEDHIOU Dr Sergino Paolo César
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This article deals with the way in which the message of Augustine
of Hippo on the question of marital continence was perceived after the sack
of Rome in August 410. It then seeks to relate the frantic search for salvation
with the fear of a world in distress. Finally, it is through a comparative study
that we can measure the degree of influence of Augustine's opinions on the
subject of marriage on his correspondent Ecdicia.
Pour une centralité curriculaire de la philosophie au Bénin : quelle contribution des acteurs de RéA-Philo
Authors: AKODJETIN Euloge Franck
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This article aims at innovating a method and a practice in the
educational system in general and in the teaching/learning of philosophy
(philosophical logic) in particular. The reflection begins from the principle
that philosophy is life; it is present at all stages of human existence. The child
does not escape this reality. This is why its teaching to children must begin
from a very young age through the contents of the curricula of formation
Mots-clés : Enfant, enseignement/apprentissage, logique philosophique,
méthode.
Keywords: Child, teaching/learning, philosophical logic, method.
Préservation du patrimoine culturel immatériel au Burundi
Authors: BARANKEBA Béatrice
Published: November 2024

Résumé
Dans le monde entier, comme au Burundi, différents types du patrimoine culturel immatériel
sont présents et portent généralement sur les traditions orales, les arts du spectacle, les
connaissances et savoir-faire relatifs à l’artisanat traditionnel, les pratiques rurales et urbaines
contemporaines, les bonnes pratiques de conservation du patrimoine, les récits, contes et
légendes, les pratiques sociales, les rituels et événements festifs, les savoirs libres, locaux et
endogènes, ou tout autre thème pouvant contribuer à la valorisation et à la sauvegarde du PCI.
Mais, face, justement, à cette mondialisation, le patrimoine culturel immatériel est, en quelque
sorte, dans certains coins, en voie de disparition. Cependant, ici et là, des efforts de valorisation et
de préservation de ce patrimoine, sont consentis, dans le monde, en général et au Burundi, en
particulier. C'est ainsi que, au Burundi par exemple, pour la valorisation et la préservation de ce
patrimoine, des clubs de danse (Giramahoro, Higa, Intatana, …) sont nés ; des clubs de
tambourinaires s'installent, une entreprise « Murundikazi Fashion », dont la promotrice est
Annick Kabatesi est déjà née ; le Groupe théâtral « Ni NDE ? » qui joue un rôle essentiel pour
garder vivante la culture burundaise, l'éducation de la population, en général et l'éducation de la
jeunesse, en particulier, … bat son record. Un inventaire des différents types du patrimoine
culturel immatériel du monde, pays par pays, devrait être fait pour qu'ensuite on sache comment
préserver l'un ou l'autre type de ce patrimoine. Ensuite, on devrait interroger la population,
surtout les vieux qui sont encore vivants pour qu'ils livrent le contenu du patrimoine concerné,
pour une préservation appropriée.
Mots clés : Inventaire - Préservation - Patrimoine culturel immatériel - Burund