bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enriched Peripheral Blood-Derived Mononuclear Cells for Treating Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Chuang Chang-Han , Kuo Chi-Chung , Chiang Yueh-Feng , Lee Pei-Yuan , Wang Fu-Hui , Hsieh Chia-Ying , Shen Ching-I , Chung Yu-Hsuan , Lee Kuan-Der , Wu Shih-Fang , Su Hong-Lin , Lin Chih-Lung
Published: January 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic skeletal disease in the elderly. There is no effective therapy to reverse disease severity and knee OA (KOA) progression, particularly at the late stage. This study aims to examine the effect of peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) on pain and motor function rescue in patients with Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade II to IV KOA. Participants received one intra-articular (IA) injection of autologous PBMNCs. The mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood, enriched by a specialized medium (MoFi medium), and separated by Ficoll-Paque solution. The isolated and enriched PBMNCs could differentiate into M1 and M2 macrophages in vitro. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of the PBMNCs was similar to that of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, evaluated by complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in rodents. A single-arm and open-label pilot study showed that patients’ knee pain and motor dysfunction were significantly attenuated after the cell transplantation, assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) at 6 and 12 months post-treatment. Notably, the therapeutic effect of the PBMNCs treatment can be stably maintained for 24 months, as revealed by the KOOS scores. These preclinical and pilot clinical data suggest that IA injection of MoFi-PBMNCs might serve as a novel medical technology to control the pain and the progress of KOA.
Hospice Social Work Preferences for the Delivery of Facebook Support Groups: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Oliver Debra Parker , Eshun-Wilsonova Ingrid , Benson Jacquelyn , Pitzer Kyle , Washington Karla T.
Published: January 2023

Dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions is best accomplished with input from stakeholders. This project used a Discrete Choice Experiment to determine the preferences of a nationwide sample of hospice social workers toward the most preferred way to scale the delivery of an online support group. While the majority of social workers preferred referring caregivers to online support groups facilitated outside their agency rather than to facilitate groups themselves, the results were not statistically significant. Social workers reported concerns with both options. Further work with stakeholders is needed to develop implementation strategies and determine the feasibility of both options.
Spine Surgery Patients’ Perceptions of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications
Authors: Gaudin Adero , Jackson Ronda , Quinlan Patricia , George Maureen
Published: January 2023

Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are associated with poor patient outcomes, increased costs and prolonged hospitalizations. Incentive spirometry (IS) reduces PPC incidence, but patient IS adherence is often suboptimal. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore patients’ beliefs about, and knowledge of PPCs and IS. We observed IS technique and conducted interviews guided by qualitative descriptive methodologies and the Health Belief Model. Verbatim transcripts of interviews were analyzed using inductive and deductive content analytic methods. Twenty postoperative spinal surgery patients at a single tertiary hospital were enrolled. Five categories related to PPC and IS beliefs and knowledge were identified: (1) social support, (2) preventing a PPC, (3) learning about PPCs, (4) reminders, and (5) lack of IS knowledge. Understanding why patients do not adhere to IS protocols is crucial for minimizing the risk of iatrogenic PPCs and developing strategies to improve adherence to IS.
Impact of Age at Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer on Survival: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Based Study 2004-2015
Authors: Lin Wu , Pan Xuming , Zhang Chun , Ye Bochun , Song Jia
Published: January 2023

Background

An older age contributes to the development of bladder cancer. However, the relationship between advanced age at the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer has been few reported. This study aimed to determine the effect of age on survival in bladder cancer with different subgroups.

Methods

117,275 patients with bladder cancer, identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database during 2004-2015 in America, were divided into 4 age groups (≤54, 55 to 64, 65 to 74, and ≥75 years). Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards model and competing risk model were conducted according to different age groups. Heat maps were plotted to show the impact of age on survival in subgroups classified by other clinicopathological variables. Moreover, restricted cubic spline was used to model the association between age and the risk of death.

Results

Patients aged ≥75 years had shorter overall survival in comparison with those aged ≤54 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.13-5.59). Compared with patients aged ≤54 years, patients older than 75 years experienced a decreased rate of bladder cancer-specific survival (subdistribution HR = 2.15, 95% CI = 2.04-2.25). Heat maps also showed that older ages were associated with worse overall cumulative mortality and bladder cancer-specific cumulative mortality. Similarly, restricted cubic spline verified the impact of age on survival of bladder cancer.

Conclusions

Age at diagnosis of bladder cancer was found to be a significant predictor for the worse overall survival and bladder cancer-specific survival even in an era with more effective therapies. Exploring the reasons why older age contributes to poor outcomes for bladder cancer will be the focus of future research.
“Safety Is Elusive:” A Critical Discourses Analysis of Newspapers’ Reporting of Domestic Violence During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Storer Heather L. , Mitchell Brandon , Willey-Sthapit Claire
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated incidences of domestic violence (DV). The framing of DV within media sources contributes to the public's understanding of DV. Using critical discourse analysis (CDA), this paper explores representations of safety within newspapers’ reporting of DV during the pandemic. The sample included newspaper articles ( n = 31) from U.S. newspapers. The analysis involved multiple rounds of coding and employing “structured questions.” These articles depicted limited courses of action for DV survivors and represented safety as unattainable. Safety was constructed in four ways: homes are unsafe, social services are overburdened, government failures, and the elusiveness of safety. These discursive formations provide insight regarding “idealized” social responses to DV.
Residual contamination in antineoplastic drug packaging
Authors: e Silva Luciana Stein , Machado Cibele da Silva Barbosa , Linden Rafael , Antunes Marina Venzon , da Silva Laura Cé , Wayhs Carlos Alberto Yasin , Capp Edison , Ness Sandro Luís Ribeiro
Published: January 2023

Introduction

The handling of antineoplastic drugs should follow strict supervision and safety rules to minimize the occupational exposure risks to professionals involved. The external surface contamination of drug vials is recognized as a health risk. So, our goal was to determine if there is residual contamination on the vials and containers surface of the antineoplastic drugs doxorubicin (DOX) and cyclophosphamide (CP).

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted. Samples were collected using a uniform sampling procedure on the inner surfaces of the packages/boxes and the outer surfaces of the vials. The analyzes were executed by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS).

Results

A total of 209 samples were analyzed, 66 of CP and 143 of DOX. CP levels were detected in nine samples (13.63%), three were below the lower limit of quantification (LLQ) and the other six had contamination levels ranging from 1.24 to 28.04 ng/filter. DOX levels were detected in 36 samples (25.17%), two were below the LLQ and the others had levels between 1.32 and 664.84 ng/filter. The majority of samples with residual contamination were in vials (80.0%), however, boxes also showed contamination.

Conclusions

The results revealed the presence of residual contamination in the vials and packages of CP and DOX drugs. Although the residues found in each sample are small, special care should be taken in the handling and disposal of the antineoplastic drugs. The use of personal protective equipment is fundamental while handling the vials and packaging of cytotoxic drugs.
Perceived barriers and facilitators to the adoption of telemedicine infectious diseases consultations in southeastern Missouri hospitals
Authors: Nyoni Thabani , Evers Emily C , Pérez Maria , Jeffe Donna B , Fritz Stephanie A , Colditz Graham A , Burnham Jason P
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Telemedicine infectious diseases consultations (tele-ID consults) improves access to healthcare for underserved/resource-limited communities. However, factors promoting or hindering implementation of tele-ID consults in low-resource settings are understudied. This study sought to fill this gap by describing perceived barriers and facilitators tele-ID consults at three rural hospitals in southeastern Missouri.

Methods

Twelve in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposively sampled group of information-rich hospital stakeholders from three rural, southeastern Missouri hospitals with partial or no on-site availability of ID physicians. Our literature-informed interview guide elicited participants’ knowledge and experience with tele-ID consults, perceptions on ID consultation needs, and perceived barriers to and facilitators of tele-ID consults. Interview transcripts were coded using an iterative process of inductive analysis to identify core themes related to barriers and facilitators.

Results

Perceived barriers to adopting and implementing tele-ID consults included logistical challenges, technology and devices, negative emotional responses, patient-related factors, concerns about reduced quality of care when using telemedicine, lack of acceptance or buy-in from physicians or staff, and legal concerns. Key facilitators included perceived need, perceived benefits to patients and physicians, flexibility and openness to change among staff members and patients, telemedicine champions, prior experiences, and enthusiasm.

Discussion

Our findings demonstrate that rural hospitals need tele-ID consults and have the capacity to implement tele-ID consults, but operational and technical feasibility challenges remain. Adoption and implementation of tele-ID consults may reduce ID-physician shortage-related service gaps by permitting ID physician's greater geographic reach.
Relationship among critical thinking, multiple intelligence, and Iranian EFL learners’ speaking skill
Authors: Bakhshayesh Mahboobeh , Jafarpour Aliakbar , Hashemian Mahmood
Published: January 2023

Focusing on multiple intelligence (MI) and critical thinking (CT), which are often thought to be the important factors in improving second language (L2) learners’ skills, has been the major concern of researchers in recent decades. This study investigated the (possible) relationship among MI, CT, and Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ speaking skill. Seventy intermediate participants were chosen from Shahrekord University, Iran, and a language institute in Yazd, Iran. To identify the participants’ MI profiles, the Persian translation of McKenzie’s MI Inventory Questionnaire was administered to the participants. Also, to determine the participants’ CT, the Persian translation of California CT Skill Test was used. Thereafter, the participants’ speaking skill was measured by the IELTS (International English Language Testing System) speaking test. Results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was not any significant relationship between the participants’ MI and the speaking skill, whereas there was a significant relationship between their CT and speaking skill. In addition, the results revealed that, first, MI and the speaking skill did not correlate significantly and, second, the findings showed that the higher the participants were critical thinkers, the better and more fluent they were in their L2 speaking. Findings have some implications for L2 practitioners, students, administrators, and researchers in English language teaching, suggesting the incorporation of and CT skills in L2 learners’ class activities and their textbooks.
Influences of governance mechanisms on patients’ usage intention: A study on web-based consultation platforms
Authors: Ren Dixuan , Ma Baolong
Published: January 2023

The study object is the doctor-patient online community, an online health service model with the greatest growth potential during the global COVID-19 pandemic. In the web-based medical market, patients are in a weak position, relying on web-based medical platform operators to ensure medical service quality. Following social exchange theory, this empirical study divides governance mechanisms into three-supervision, reputation, and communication-to determine their influence on online patients willingness to use web-based medical platforms. It also explores the moderating effect of perceived uncertainty on the influence of social exchange and transaction cost theory. A questionnaire survey was conducted to determine online patients’ attitudes toward medical service providers including physicians and medical websites. Hierarchical linear regression analysis showed the significant positive effect of the supervision, reputation, and communication mechanisms on online patients’ usage willingness. Perceived uncertainty of doctors’ behavior has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between the three mechanisms and online patients’ usage willingness. Website-perceived uncertainty moderates the relationship between the supervision and reputation mechanisms and online patients’ usage willingness. This study provides a reference for improving online patients’ usage willingness through the platform governance of Internet medical treatment.
Simulations of multi-rotor interaction noise at hovering & forward flight conditions
Authors: Afari Samuel O , Mankbadi Reda R
Published: January 2023

A high-fidelity simulation of two in-line counter-rotating propellers in hover, and in forward flight conditions are performed. Near field flow and acoustic properties were resolved using Hybrid LES-Unsteady RANS. Far-field sound predictions were performed using Ffowcs-Williams-Hawkings formulation. The two-propeller results in hovering are compared with that of the single propeller. This enabled us to identify the aerodynamic changes resulting from the proximity of the two propellers to each other and to understand the mechanisms causing the changes in the radiated sound. We then considered the forward flight case and compared it with the corresponding hovering case. This enabled us to identify the aerodynamic changes resulting from the incoming stream. By examining the near acoustic field, the far-field spectra, the Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, and by conducting periodic averaging, we were able to identify the sources of the changes to the observed tonal and broadband noise.
Patient Religiosity and Desire for Chaplain Services in an Outpatient Primary Care Clinic
Authors: Henderson Katherine K. , Oliver John P. , Hemming Patrick
Published: January 2023

Outpatient chaplaincy is a new specialty in healthcare, with a relative paucity of research studies exploring the need for spiritual care interventions in ambulatory settings. Over the past 3 years, our interdisciplinary team at the Duke Outpatient Clinic has piloted the extension of professional spiritual care into this hospital-based resident teaching clinic offering primary care to underserved populations in Durham, NC. In this article, we report the results of a series of surveys that we conducted at the clinic to assess patients’ perceptions of chaplain services, understanding of Chaplains’ roles, and desire for chaplain services in specific hypothetical scenarios. As part of this survey, we also asked patients about their personal levels of extrinsic and intrinsic religiosity using the well-validated Duke University Religion Index. Our results indicate which chaplain interventions are most desired among this patient population in relation to patients’ self-reported religiosity. We hypothesized that only our more religious patients would strongly desire chaplain support for the majority of scenarios presented. We were surprised to find that a majority of our patients—regardless of their own level of religiosity—express desire for support from an outpatient healthcare chaplain when they need a listening ear, are grieving a loss, or are seeking prayer.
The effects of Cu and Mg contents on the thermal stability of 6XXX-series aluminum alloy
Authors: Fan Shitong , Chen Mingyang , Jiang Keda , Lan Yanquan , Rong Guofu
Published: January 2023

The effects of Cu and Mg contents on the thermal stability of 6XXX-series aluminum alloys was investigated using tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that the thermal stability of 6XXX-series aluminum alloys improved with increasing Cu and Mg contents, and that the precipitate was the most important factor for thermal stability. In the alloy without Cu, the strengthening precipitates are mainly β″ phases. After heat holding at 150°C for 1000 hours, part of the β″ phases transformed into β′ phases and the number density of the β″/β′ phases decreased, leading to a major strength reduction. In addition to β″ phases, Q′ and L phases are the main strengthening precipitates for the alloys containing Cu. Q′ and L phases have higher thermal stability than the β″ phase, and the number density of the Q′ phases decreased slightly after heat holding, while that of the L phases barely changed. This resulted in Cu-containing alloys with higher thermal stability than Cu-free alloys. The L phase number density increases with increasing Mg content. Compared with the Q′ phase, the L phase has higher thermal stability, resulting in higher thermal stability for alloys with higher Mg content.
Type synthesis and performance analysis of manipulators with shape adaptability
Authors: Qi Yang , Zhang Lu
Published: January 2023

Manipulators have attracted wide attention in recent years because they are simple and easy to control when grasping objects in space. However, there are not many theoretical researches on manipulator at present. Therefore, based on the principle of simple operation and low cost, a manipulator with high versatility, high flexibility, diverse movement modes, and shape adaptability has laid a solid theoretical foundation and practical significance for the innovative development of robot. In this paper, a 4-RRS& planar four-bar mechanism with bifurcation motion is proposed based on the finite screw theory. The degrees of freedom of the mechanism are analyzed by using the screw theory. Then the closed-loop vector method and instantaneous screw method are used to establish the analytical expression and the velocity Jacobian matrix between the motor actuation angle and the moving platform, respectively. Finally, on the basis of kinematic analysis, the SolidWorks and Matlab software are used to verify the kinematic simulation of the mechanism, so as to ensure the rationality of the mechanism motion and the correctness of the theoretical derivation.
Development of a hysteresis model based on axisymmetric and homotopic properties to predict moisture transfer in building materials
Authors: Deeb Ahmad , Benmahiddine Ferhat , Berger Julien , Belarbi Rafik
Published: January 2023

Current hygrothermal behaviour prediction models neglect the hysteresis phenomenon. This leads to a discrepancy between numerical and experimental results, and a miscalculation of buildings’ durability. In this paper, a new mathematical model of hysteresis is proposed and implemented in a hygrothermal model to reduce this discrepancy. The model is based on a symmetry property between sorption curves and uses also a homotopic transformation relative to a parameter [Formula: see text]. The advantage of this model lies in its ease of use and implementation since it could be applied with the knowledge of only one main sorption curve by considering [Formula: see text], in other words, we only use the axisymmetric property here. In the case where the other main sorption curve is known, we use this curve to incorporate the homotopy property in order to calibrate the parameter [Formula: see text].The full version of the proposed model is called Axisymmetric  +  Homotopic. Furthermore, it was compared not only with the experimental sorption curves of different types of materials but also with a model that is well known in the literature (CARMELIET’s model). This comparison shows that the Axisymmetric + Homotopic model reliably predicts hysteresis loops of various types of materials even with the knowledge of only one of the main sorption curves. However, the full version of Axisymmetric + Homotopic model is more reliable and covers a large range of materials. The proposed model was incorporated into the mass transfer model. The simulation results strongly match the experimental ones.
‘Repetition without change?’: A critical discourse analysis of selected ZANU-PF advertisements for the July 2013 and July 2018 elections
Authors: Chibuwe Albert , Munoriyarwa Allen
Published: January 2023

Drawing on Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), and anchored on CDA theory, we argue that as the ruling party’s governance record increasingly came under scrutiny in two election cycles researched, the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF), largely maintained its old strategies of power legitimation. However, it altered the message in order to reflect the changing intensity of political contestation, an increasingly bellicose political opposition and growing dissent within its own ranks, as well as the shifting economic fortunes of the country. Forced to campaign under these circumstances, ZANU-PF trusted, with notable variations, its old discourse strategies to produce election advertisements that legitimised its hold on power, hegemony and spread its ideology. The findings show that whereas in July, 2018, the message changed to reflect the leadership change, ZANU-PF’s legitimation strategies remained unchanged. Similarly, we note that whereas the ‘them’ that had to be de-legitimised in 2013 was unequivocally Tsvangirai and the Movement for Democratic Change Tsvangirai (MDC-T), in 2018 ‘them’ not only referred to Nelson Chamisa and MDC Alliance, but it also referred to Mugabe and curiously not ZANU-PF under Mugabe. Including ZANU-PF under Mugabe, we argue, would have also inadvertently de-legitimised both Mnangagwa and ZANU-PF.
Getting Cartilage Thickness Measurements Right: A Systematic Inter-Method Comparison Using MRI Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Nolte Teresa , Westfechtel Simon , Schock Justus , Knobe Matthias , Pastor Torsten , Pfaehler Elisabeth , Kuhl Christiane , Truhn Daniel , Nebelung Sven
Published: January 2023

Objective

Magnetic resonance imaging is the standard imaging modality to assess articular cartilage. As the imaging surrogate of degenerative joint disease, cartilage thickness is commonly quantified after tissue segmentation. In lack of a standard method, this study systematically compared five methods for automatic cartilage thickness measurements across the knee joint and as a function of region and sub-region: 3D mesh normals (3D-MN), 3D nearest neighbors (3D-NN), 3D ray tracing (3D-RT), 2D centerline normals (2D-CN), and 2D surface normals (2D-SN).

Design

Based on the manually segmented femoral and tibial cartilage of 507 human knee joints, mean cartilage thickness was computed for the entire femorotibial joint, 4 joint regions, and 20 subregions using these methods. Inter-method comparisons of mean cartilage thickness and computation times were performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Bland-Altman analyses and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC).

Results

Mean inter-method differences in cartilage thickness were significant in nearly all subregions ( P < 0.001). By trend, mean differences were smallest between 3D-MN and 2D-SN in most (sub)regions, which is also reflected by highest quantitative inter-method agreement and CCCs. 3D-RT was prone to severe overestimation of up to 2.5 mm. 3D-MN, 3D-NN, and 2D-SN required mean processing times of ≤5.3 s per joint and were thus similarly efficient, whereas the time demand of 2D-CN and 3D-RT was much larger at 133 ± 29 and 351 ± 10 s per joint ( P < 0.001).

Conclusions

In automatic cartilage thickness determination, quantification accuracy and computational burden are largely affected by the underlying method. Mesh and surface normals or nearest neighbor searches should be used because they accurately capture variable geometries while being time-efficient.
The right to unionise in Poland after the amendment of the law on trade unions
Authors: Latos-Miłkowska Monika
Published: January 2023

The change to the scope of the right to associate in trade unions is the most fundamental change that has taken place in Polish collective labour law in recent years. This article discusses the transformation of the scope of the right to unionise that was introduced by the amendment of the Trade Unions Act of 5 July 2018. For the sake of completeness, the genesis of the amendment will be briefly presented, in particular, the theses of the Constitutional Tribunal judgment of 2 June 2015 (K 1/13), which gave rise to this amendment and set its direction. I will then present the regulations currently in force in Polish law regarding the scope of unionising and will attempt to assess the effects of the changes introduced by the legislator in this respect.
Evaluation of treatment simplification strategies in patients living with HIV with multi-drug resistance
Authors: Harris Taylor N. , Buscemi Lindsey R.
Published: January 2023

Background:

Patients living with HIV (PLWH) with multi-drug resistance (MDR) and prior episodes of virologic failure have few therapeutic options remaining. These patients are often prescribed ‘salvage’ antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens with high pill burdens, leading to potential decreased medication adherence and increased side effects and drug–drug interactions.

Materials & Methods:

In this retrospective, observational cohort study, we included adult patients with a diagnosis of HIV-1 who received care at our institution’s Ryan White Clinic and who received ‘salvage’ ART, defined as three of more antiretroviral agents from at least three different HIV drug classes. Patients were grouped into two cohorts, simplified ART cohort and non-simplified ART cohort, based on whether their ART regimen was reduced by at least one tablet daily. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who had their viral load suppressed (HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/ml) at their most recent clinic visit. Secondary outcomes were virologic failure (HIV-1 RNA ⩾200 copies/ml), percentage of time patients were virologically suppressed over the past 2 years, and the emergence of new treatment-resistant mutations.

Results:

There were 50 patients included in the final analysis, 28 in the simplified ART cohort and 22 in the non-simplified ART cohort. The percentage of patients who had their HIV-1 viral load suppressed at their most recent clinic visit was n = 24 (86%) in the simplified ART cohort and n = 16 (73%) in the non-simplified ART cohort ( p = 0.302). There were no statistically significant differences between the two cohorts in terms of the secondary outcomes.

Conclusion:

Our study found that simplification of ART regimens based on HIV genotype in PLWH with a history of MDR and prior virologic failures, regardless of the presence of HIV-1 viremia at the time of simplification, resulted in similar rates of virologic suppression and virologic failure as non-simplified ART regimens.
Out-of-School Education in Belarus
Authors: Liu (刘淼) Miao , Zubko Darya
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Countries with unique developmental paths and cultural lineages display significant variations in their out-of-school education systems. In this landscape, Belarus, a vestige of the disbanded Soviet Union, illustrates a distinct out-of-school education system, profoundly shaped by both Soviet and European Union countries' influences. A meticulous examination and scholarly investigation into the Belarusian out-of-school educational framework could enable a more profound comprehension of the metamorphosis and transitions in the out-of-school education systems of nations that surfaced following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. This knowledge could subsequently render a more transparent understanding of the patterns guiding the evolution of global out-of-school educational systems.

Design/Approach/Methods

This article focuses on out-of-school education in Belarus and discusses its development status and the following main characteristics: the dimensions of its historical development stage, legislative guarantee, essence and extension, training goals, and typical cases.

Findings

Influenced by historical and geopolitical factors, Belarusian out-of-school education is found to embody the characteristics of both the Soviet Union and European countries. National resources are found to play an important role in the development of out-of-school education, effectively reducing the cost of education for families and shaping students’ positive values.

Originality/Value

This study analyzes both the history and the current situation of out-of-school education in Belarus and summarizes the country's successful experience in the development of out-of-school education. It can provide a positive point of reference for optimizing the public out-of-school education system in China and exert a positive influence on related educational reforms.
It’s Complicated: Everyday Discrimination Across the Transition Into Adulthood
Authors: Palmer Ashley N. , Jung Euijin , Cobb Ryon J. , Patel Mansi
Published: January 2023

Experiences during emerging adulthood hold particular importance for future health and economic well-being. This study uses Panel Study of Income Dynamics Transition into Adulthood Supplement data to explore growth trajectories of perceived discrimination across the transition into adulthood and to examine how gendered racialized group status might shape perceived discrimination among U.S. emerging adult men and women racialized as white, non-Hispanic, Black, non-Hispanic, or Hispanic ( n = 2532) using multilevel models. Results showed that as emerging adults age there is a decreasing pattern of perceived everyday discrimination, though there were individual differences in the rate and direction of change. Women racialized as Black, non-Hispanic had significantly lower perceived discrimination than all other groups except Hispanic women. Each of the six gendered racialized subgroups had similar patterns of perceived discrimination over time. More research is needed to better understand differences in the rate and direction of change in perceived discrimination over time.
Income and Career Concerns Among Emerging Adults From Finland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom During COVID-19
Authors: Nuckols Julia A. , Silinskas Gintautas , Ranta Mette , Wilska Terhi-Anna
Published: January 2023

In this study, we examine the prevalence of income and career concerns among emerging adults in three different welfare states during COVID-19: Finland ( n = 309), Sweden ( n = 324), and the United Kingdom ( n = 343). This study also delves into how factors such as one’s self-perceived financial situation, generalized mistrust, loneliness and socio-demographics are related to emerging adults’ income and career concerns. Results showed that individuals from the United Kingdom were more likely to experience increased income and career concerns than those in Finland and Sweden. Our results also suggest that income concerns were associated with one’s current financial situation, future financial situation, childhood financial situation, and loneliness. Also, career concerns were related to generalized mistrust, loneliness, and age. For both country-specific and general analyses, loneliness emerged as the most important for increased income and career concerns for emerging adults in all three countries.
Clinician Perception of the Clinical Utility of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) System
Authors: Balling Caroline E. , South Susan C. , Lynam Donald R. , Samuel Douglas B.
Published: January 2023

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM) has been criticized because evidence suggests that it lacks appropriate validity, reliability, and clinical utility, and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) has been offered as a solution to these criticisms. Our goal in the present study was to compare clinician perceptions of these systems for the conceptualization of outpatient clinical cases. A sample of actively practicing clinicians ( N = 143) rated three clinical vignettes using both diagnostic systems and then rated the two approaches on seven indices of clinical utility. HiTOP was favored for overall clinical utility score as well as utility for formulating effective interventions, communicating clinical information to the client, comprehensively describing psychopathology, describing global functioning, and ease of application. There was no preference between HiTOP and the DSM for communicating with other mental health providers. The DSM was not favored for any clinical utility outcome.
Unveiling the Hidden Layers of Employees’ Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Gupta Riya , Agrawal Rachna
Published: January 2023

Inducing the employees to get the work done has become one of the prevalent challenges for organizations. The feeling of association and belongingness impels the employees to put in effort for the organization. Hence, the study aims to evaluate the relationship between job satisfaction (JS) and Organizational Commitment (OC) through the investigation of moderating effects. An analysis of a systematic review of 2,702 studies is conducted wherein the process results in the analysis of the filtered 27 studies. Meta-analysis has unveiled the hidden layers of the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Through the application of moderator analysis, interesting findings are witnessed. Contrary to the expectations, the results of meta-regression have denied the influence of age on the discussed relationship while gender and work experience have successfully qualified as moderators. Integration of the demographic inclusions and a viewpoint defining the role of work experience has provided a needed re-specification to the literature. Thus, the present study will provide new insights for academicians and researchers.
Advancing “Intersectional Servingness” in Research, Practice, and Policy With Hispanic-Serving Institutions
Authors: Garcia Gina A. , Cuellar Marcela G.
Published: January 2023

There has been a surge in the number of Hispanic-serving institutions (HSIs), which are degree-granting, nonprofit, postsecondary institutions that enroll at least 25% Hispanic/Latinx/e undergraduate students. Although HSI scholarship has increased dramatically since around 2010, there is still a gap in knowledge about individuals who fall within the “H” and the diversity among HSIs themselves. Using critical theory and critical methods, the articles in this special topic collection explore the complexities of the Hispanic/Latinx/e identity and the various ways that HSIs fall short of and meet the challenges of serving students at the intersections of identity. This introduction provides a brief overview of the eight articles in this collection and explains the need for this critical approach to HSI scholarship, which we call “intersectional servingness.” We outline the contributions of these eight articles and call on practitioners, scholars, policy intermediaries, funders, and federal agencies to consider the complexities of the “H” while making decisions, advancing research, implementing policies, and creating funding streams that will enhance intersectional servingness.
Evaluation of an Automated Reminder System for Reducing Missed MRI Appointments
Authors: Kenniff James , Ginat Daniel
Published: January 2023

Background: The high frequency of missed appointments continues to be a burden on healthcare providers, leading to decreased productivity, quality of service, and quality of outcome. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Televox's automated appointment reminder service in reducing the missed appointment rate for MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). The appointment reminders were sent 72 h in advance. The total and no-show numbers were tallied to calculate missed appointment rates. Comparison of the missed appointment rate with and without Televox implementation and different payment types was performed. Temporal comparisons were also made across the corresponding time periods in order to control for seasonal fluctuations. Results: An insignificant decline in missed appointment rates was found in locations implementing Televox ( P = .495) overall, although a significant decrease in missed appointments was found among Medicaid patients ( P = .0381). Conclusion: Implementation of Televox appointment reminder systems did not significantly affect appointment attendance overall, but could be more useful specifically for encouraging Medicaid patients to attend MRI appointments.
Sex differences in outcomes after endovascular treatment of patients with vertebrobasilar artery occlusion
Authors: Zhang Pan , Li Hao , Wang Jinjing , Zhang Feng , Xiao Lulu , Fang Yirong , Yan Dingyi , Xu Guoqiang , Liu Chaolai , Huang Zhixin , Gu Mengmeng , Zhang Hanhong , Sun Wen
Published: January 2023

Background:

Current studies on the role of sex in the prognosis of acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion (VBAO) are limited. We aimed to explore whether there are sex differences on outcomes in patients treated with endovascular therapy (EVT) for VBAO.

Methods:

Patients from December 2015 to December 2018 with acute VBAO within 24 h of the estimated occlusion time in 21 stroke centers in China were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline data between sexes were compared in the total population cohort and propensity score (PS)-matched cohort. Multivariate logistic regression and ordinal regression were used to analyze the association of sex with outcomes. Mixed-effects regression model was performed for changes in modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores in men and women from 90 days to 1 year after discharge.

Results:

A total of 577 patients (28.4% women) were finally included. Multivariate logistic regression showed that women had a lower probability of favorable outcome (mRS score 0–3 at 90 days; OR 0.544; 95% CI 0.329–0.899) and functional independence (mRS score 0–2 at 90 days; OR 0.391; 95% CI 0.228–0.670) as well as a higher possibility of shifting to worse mRS (OR 1.484; 95% CI 1.020–2.158) than men. After PS matching, 391 patients (39.4% women) were analyzed, confirming the same results regarding favorable outcome (OR 0.580; 95% CI 0.344–0.977), functional independence (OR 0.394; 95% CI 0.218–0.712), and shift mRS (OR 1.504; 95% CI 1.023–2.210). However, the results of repeated ANOVA showed that men and women had a comparable functional recovery from 90 days to 1 year.

Conclusions:

Stroke due to VBAO treated with EVT is associated with worse outcomes in women than in men. However, men and women showed similar long-term improvement trends.
Using geographical random forest models to explore spatial patterns in the neighborhood determinants of hypertension prevalence across chicago, illinois, USA
Authors: Lotfata Aynaz , Grekousis George , Wang Ruoyu
Published: January 2023

In the United States, the rise in hypertension prevalence has been connected to neighborhood characteristics. While various studies have found a link between neighborhood and health, they do not evaluate the relative dependence of each component in the growth of hypertension and, more significantly, how this value differs geographically (i.e., across different neighborhoods). This study ranks the contribution of ten socioeconomic neighborhood factors to hypertension prevalence in Chicago, Illinois, using multiple global and local machine learning models at the census tract level. First, we use Geographical Random Forest, a recently proposed non-linear machine learning regression method, to assess each predictive factor’s spatial variation and contribution to hypertension prevalence. Then we compare GRF performance to Geographically Weighted Regression (local model), Random Forest (global model), and OLS (global model). The results indicate that GRF outperforms all models and that the importance of variables varies by census tract. Household composition is the most important factor in the Chicago tracts, while on the other hand, Housing type and Transportation is the least important factor. While the household composition is the most important determinant around north Lake Michigan, the socioeconomic condition of the neighborhood in Chicago’s mid-north has the most importance on hypertension prevalence. Understanding how the importance of socioeconomic factors associated with hypertension prevalence varies spatially aids in the design and implementation of health policies based on the most critical factors identified at the local level (i.e., tract), rather than relying on broad city-level guidelines (i.e., for entire Chicago and other large cities).
Studies on Incorporating Infrared Reflecting Minerals into Viscose Fibres
Authors: Sharma Esha , Ralebhat Shrikant , Singh Dhirendra , Krishnamurthy Gurudatt , Bhagwat Sunil , Adivarekar Ravindra V.
Published: January 2023

A mixture of minerals consisting of calcite, dolomite, talc and quartz, known to have infrared (IR) reflecting properties, was mechanically treated and dispersed in aqueous medium and incorporated in viscose solution to be physically entrapped into the fibre structure. The process of incorporation of the mineral mixture in viscose dope involved steps of slurry making by suspending and grinding the particles in aqueous medium followed by mixing the slurry with the viscose dope, ready for spinning. The slurry preparation and grinding were carried out under different mechanical conditions, such as ball milling and ultrasonication. The evaluation of particle size of slurry was carried out under two pH conditions, first at the inherent pH (neutral pH 7) and at high pH (alkaline pH 13) equivalent to the pH of viscose dope. Furthermore, for stable slurry making, different surfactants were used. The phosphate ether-based anionic surfactant was found to effectively stabilize the dispersion better under the pH conditions used. The effect of stable slurry on good spinning was validated through an inline pressure gauge during viscose fibre spinning. To assess the IR reflecting property of viscose fibre, a direct visual evaluation was done through an IR camera, which indicated a significant increase of ~2°C surface temperature of the IR-Viscose Staple Fibre (VSF) in comparison with control VSF.
Nonlinear seismic performance of RC bridges using the ESA, EDA, DDBA, and nonlinear analysis with various viscous damping models
Authors: Martinez Diego R , Kowalsky Mervyn J
Published: January 2023

Modern bridge seismic design follows a performance-based seismic design (PBSD) philosophy where the structure is designed to achieve a prescribed limit state under a defined hazard. Nevertheless, the demands may substantially diverge depending on the PBSD method applied in the assessment. This article presents a demand sensitivity analysis using the elastic (ESA) and dynamic (EDA) procedures of the AASHTO Seismic Guide Specifications and direct displacement-based assessment (DDBA). The investigation was conducted using 81 reinforced concrete (RC) bridges and ten multi-period spectra from a shallow tectonic regime. Moreover, these demands were compared with nonlinear time history analysis (NLTHA) using five viscous damping models. Seven compatible records were employed to calculate the envelopes of transverse displaced shapes and cumulative distribution functions of the column with the highest displacement ductility. These average inelastic responses were contrasted with the predictions from the ESA, EDA, and DDBA. For regular bridges, this study found that the elastic procedures considerably underestimate the deformations, while DDBA compares well with NLTHA, especially for high ductility levels. Also, a discussion about the impact of the viscous damping models is included. We expect these findings may encourage practitioners to use DDBA as a reliable alternative to evaluate the seismic performance of RC bridges.
The Acute Female Nongravid Pelvis: A Review of Appropriate Clinical Applications of Sonography, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Pacione Lonni
Published: January 2023

Objective:

The objective of this literature review was to provide a summary of the primary concerns in evaluating ovarian cysts and compare the diagnostic roles of each imaging technique, in an emergent setting.

Materials and Methods:

A literature review of the imaging evaluation of functional ovarian cysts, emergent complications, and relevant case studies was performed using peer-reviewed articles. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, The Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar search engines.

Results:

Sonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrate comparable accuracy in the diagnosis of functional ovarian cysts and ovarian torsion. While sonography is the preferred method of imaging the female pelvis, CT and MRI demonstrate similar diagnostic capabilities.

Conclusion:

Functional ovarian cyst rupture/hemorrhage and ovarian torsion can be accurately demonstrated using sonography, CT, and MRI.
CMV reactivation after allogeneic HCT is associated with a reduced risk of relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Akahoshi Yu , Nakasone Hideki , Takenaka Katsuto , Yamasaki Satoshi , Nakamura Momoko , Doki Noriko , Tanaka Masatsugu , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Uchida Naoyuki , Ara Takahide , Nakamae Hirohisa , Ota Shuichi , Onizuka Makoto , Yano Shingo , Tanaka Junji , Fukuda Takahiro , Kanda Yoshinobu , Atsuta Yoshiko , Kako Shinichi , Yanada Masamitsu , Arai Yasuyuki
Published: January 2023

Cytomegalovirus reactivation (CMVR) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a frequent complication related to survival outcomes; however, its impact on relapse remains unclear, especially in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this nationwide retrospective study, we included patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and ALL in the first or second complete remission who underwent their first HCT using a pre-emptive strategy for CMVR. Because 90% of cases with CMVR had occurred by day 64 and 90% of cases with grades 2 to 4 acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) had occurred by day 58, a landmark point was set at day 65. In landmark analyses, 3793 patients with AML and 2213 patients with ALL who survived without relapse for at least 65 days were analyzed. Multivariate analyses showed that CMVR was associated with a lower incidence of relapse in both AML (hazard ratio [HR], 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-0.95; P = .009) and ALL (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66-0.99; P = .045). These findings were confirmed when CMVR was used as the time-dependent covariate. Moreover, our study suggests that the protective effect of CMVR on relapse was independent of acute GVHD. A post-hoc subgroup analysis of combined AML and ALL showed that CMVR had a mild antileukemia effect without effect modification, in contrast to the impact of CMVR on NRM. Our findings may provide important implications for strategies used for CMV prophylaxis after HCT.