bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Support vector machines and k-means to build implementation areas of bundling hubs
Authors: El Ouadi Jihane
Published: October 2021

City transportation has three basic components that create the essential environment for its functioning and the social welfare namely infrastructure, operational assets, and management policies. The key focus of this article is on understanding long-term distribution of transport demand in order to build bundling networks. To achieve this aim, we provide a hybrid machine-learning approach using a combination of several clustering and forecasting algorithms that are considered efficient given the key performance indicators obtained. This approach involves combining two types of algorithms: clustering and prediction algorithms. Based on simulated benchmarks, results indicated that the clustering phase is still appropriate using the k-means algorithm. To improve the k-means results, we measured 30 validation indices to estimate the number of clusters. In so doing, not only does it want to validate the clusters but also to identify the optimal k. To evaluate forecast accuracy in the demand prediction phase, we used the standard key performance indicators, namely MSE, RMSE, MAPE and R². The SVM algorithm has been judged as the most efficient prediction algorithm based on average values of the obtained metrics.
COVID-19 and public transport demand trends in Sicily: analyzing external factors and governmental recommendations
Authors: Basbas Socrates
Published: October 2021

The year 2020 has brought changes in transport services and travel demand globally due to restrictions related to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in public transport. The present work focuses on Sicily (Southern Italy). Through the elaboration and administration of an online questionnaire, a sample of 700 regular public transport users was characterized from a socio-demographic point of view, identifying their travel habits, and their opinion on governmental and public transport company initiatives. Eight (8) national government strategies were evaluated on a Likert scale, and ten (10) pandemic mitigation factors were assessed in different phases of the pandemic, highlighting which of these factors were most preferred by the sample on a hierarchical scale. The results lay the groundwork for identifying critical challenges when dealing with such severely restricted mobility conditions and suggesting improvements for public transport agencies and local authorities.
HIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman
Authors: Al Hasani Nada Ali Salim , Al Dughaishi Tamima , Balkhair Abdullah A.
Published: October 2021

Objectives: We sought to investigate the prevalence of HIV in pregnant women and the maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes over 13 years (2005–2017) at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Muscat, Oman. Methods: Our study design was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study of HIV-positive women in the department of obstetrics and gynecology. We had an unlimited sample size due to the rarity of the disease. We aimed to include all pregnant Omani women who tested positive for HIV in their antenatal screening from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2017. The patient records were reviewed using the hospital information system service. Results: There were a total of 13 688 women with 104 281 pregnancies over the study period. The prevalence of Omani pregnant women with HIV was 0.1% (1:1000) with 0.03% of seropositive pregnancies (3:10 000). Of these seropositive pregnancies, 78.6% were known HIV carriers, while 21.4% were newly diagnosed cases. The live birth rate was 90.3%, with 9.7% resulting in miscarriage. All the miscarriages were to known HIV-positive mothers who were managed in accordance with international guidelines. Of the live births, 10.7% were unknown HIV-positive mothers with a mean gestational age of 39.67 weeks and a mean birth weight of 3.2 kg. The rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in this group was 33.3%. In contrast, 89.3% of the live births to known HIV-positive mothers delivered neonates with a mean gestational age of 37.4 weeks and a mean birth weight of 2.6 kg with 0.0% MTCT. Modes of delivery, antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum complications as well as long-term neonatal outcomes were analyzed according to the status of the mother at first presentation. Conclusions: Strategies have been placed by programs in Oman to focus on the wellbeing of pregnant women and the protection of newborns against HIV infection. Strict implementations on preventing MTCT allowed preventing HIV in children possible. Antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces vertical transmission of HIV, in addition to abstinence of breastfeeding. More importantly, all HIV-positive pregnant women should follow the prevention of MTCT programs set out by the Ministry of Health.
Prevalence of Bruxism and Associated Occupational Stress in Saudi Arabian Fighter Pilots
Authors: Al-Khalifa Khalifa S.
Published: October 2021

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of bruxism and occupational stress among Saudi Arabian fighter pilots. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study where 110 fighter pilots were compared with 110 control non-pilots. The data collection was carried out by two dentists between February 2018 and May 2019. The subjects who consented to the study completed the Karasek’s Demand-Control questionnaire (short version) comprising 11 questions (5 for demand and 6 for control) designed to measure occupational stress. The assessment of bruxism was made using the non-instrumental approach of the International Consensus on the Assessment of Bruxism which includes both clinical examination and self-report of diurnal and nocturnal bruxism. A logistic regression test was performed with bruxism as the dependent variable controlling for occupational stress, type of occupation, and smoking status. Results: The total sample comprising pilots and non-pilots had an overall bruxism prevalence of 41.8%, with more pilots (52.7%) than non-pilots (30.9%) having the condition. Occupational stress was experienced by more pilots than non-pilots (45.5% vs. 27.3%, respectively). Bruxism was significantly associated with type of occupation (pilots vs. non-pilots) controlling for occupational stress in both univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests; odd ratio (OR) = 2.5; (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-5.4, p = 0.016) and OR = 2.6; (95% CI: 1.2-5.8, p= 0.020), respectively. Conclusions: The pilots demonstrated significantly higher occupational stress and bruxism than the non-pilots. The pilots were 3.9 times more likely to have a combination of stress and bruxism than non-pilots. Further investigations are necessary to determine whether any causal relationship exists between occupational stress and bruxism.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Late Presentation of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome
Authors: Al Khoufi Emad , Al-Muhainy Bader , Algadeeb Kefah , Alsalman Mortadah
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 is a severe respiratory disease with a spectrum of clinical presentations and complications. Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (WAIHA) is increasingly recognized in patients with COVID-19 either while infected or shortly after infection. We report a 36-year-old male with clinical and laboratory findings consistent with WAIHA. His medical history was significant for COVİD-19 infection three months before presentation. He was initially resistant to steroids but had substantial improvement following initiation of rituximab, with complete recovery thereafter. Therefore, serial assessment of complete blood cell count parameters and hemolysis markers post-COVID-19 infections is warranted for early detection and prompt treatment.
Penerapan Arsitektur Morphosis pada Game Center Di Kota Kendari
Authors: Mukhlis Mukhlis , Ilham Ilham , Baskara Surya
Published: October 2021

One of the advances in entertainment facilities and facilitation in the city of Kendari is progress in the internet (virtual world) and in the field of games. This can be seen with the emergence of various entertainment facilities that are engaged in internet cafes (internet cafes) and games. Game Center in Kendari with the Morphosis Architecture Approach is the process of making a container or place that is centered to provide entertainment about the development of games in Kendari City with the process of forming an innovative, iconic building and friendly to the urban environment. The basic concept of Game Center planning and design in Kendari City through interior and exterior structuring with an emphasis on innovative studies iconic buildings and friendly to the urban environment as a goal of the Game Center with the concept of Morphosis Architecture. Game Center Planning in Kendari with the Morphosis Architecture approach must be used in accordance with the functions outlined in the design reference so that it can have a positive impact both for the building manager, the government, the drafting of further references and the wider community.
Penerapan Konsep Syariat Islam pada Perencanaan Gelanggang Olahraga Khusus Muslimat Di Kota Kendari
Authors: Yudisthessar Yudisthessar , Andrias HB Asri , Sari Taufiq Elvina
Published: October 2021

Kendari City is a taqwa city. Kendari is one of the areas with the majority Muslim population, which is about 93,27% or around 345.778 inhabitantas are Muslims and Muslimates. Muslims are encouraged to exercise in order to get good benefits such as good physical and healthy body. The Kendari City Goverment has provided sport facilities and infrastructure such as teh City Park, but specifically some Muslimates are contrained by the law in Islamic Shari'a. In Islamic Law, Muslims and Muslimates are required to be devoted to Allah subhanahu wataala. The Muslimats really want to implement religious advice to exercise but also very much want to carry out religious advice to keep the aurats, keep their eyes down and avoid interfering with the opposite sex who are not mahromes. Because of these problems, Kendari City Muslimates need special facilities and infrastructure for sports. The method used in the planning this Gelanggang Olahraga Khusus Muslimat is descriptive method, observation dan study of literature from various literary sourches. From the Islamic Shari'a approach taken in planning, a shar'i sports arena design can be produced in Kendari City.
PROSPECTS FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE STEAM METHOD IN TEACHING BIOLOGY
Authors: Babayeva Zarovshan
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the essence of the use of the STEAM educational method, its role in the teaching process, the problems of improving the quality of the educational environment, its adaptation to the modern world order. The article also highlights the impact of the STEAM method - PBL Project Based Learning, Interdisciplinary & Cross-Displinary, Inquiry Based Learning, Gamification, Learning by Analogies, Mobile learning, Tinkering - on learning activities based on small modifications.
Transcatheter Mitral Edge-to-Edge Repair in Patients with Primary or Secondary Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Peprah Kwakye , Gunn Holly , Walter Melissa
Published: October 2021

Four systematic reviews (SRs) and 6 retrospective cohort studies provided evidence for the clinical effectiveness of transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) versus open heart conventional surgical mitral valve repair or replacement (SMVR) in patients with primary or secondary mitral regurgitation (MR). No relevant evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of TMVR versus SMVR in patients with primary or secondary MR was identified; therefore, no summary can be provided.

There was evidence indicating a statistically significant difference in favour of TMVR over SMVR regarding the odds of post-procedure bleeding, need for permanent pacemaker implantation, 30-day readmission, and a shorter duration of hospitalization.

There was evidence suggesting a statistically significant difference in favour of SMVR over TMVR regarding the odds of recurrent MR, the need for reoperation, and mortality rate (i.e., during hospitalization, at 1 year, and > 3 years). Also, compared with TMVR, the likelihood of residual MR grade > 2 or freedom from MR grade ≥ 2 or ≥ 3 at 4 years was statistically significantly lower or higher, respectively, with SMVR.

Evidence regarding the comparative clinical effectiveness of TMVR versus SMVR concerning stroke, acute kidney injury (AKI), cardiogenic shock, and death during hospitalization was conflicting and inconclusive.

There was no evidence of a significant difference between the 2 interventions regarding overall mortality or mortality at 5 years, overall survival, freedom from cardiac death at 4 years, cardiac arrest, acute myocardial infarction (MI), and respiratory or vascular complications.

A major limitation of the evidence was that it derives from studies of low or unknown quality and risk of bias, Furthermore, all the findings are confounded by differences in patient selection, which reflect the approved indications for the interventions but prevent a direct comparison between the TMVR and SMVR groups.
OMI-observed HCHO in Shanghai, China, during 2010–2019 and ozone sensitivity inferred by an improved HCHO ∕ NO2 ratio
Authors: Li Danran , Wang Shanshan , Xue Ruibin , Zhu Jian , Zhang Sanbao , Sun Zhibin , Zhou Bin
Published: October 2021

Abstract. In recent years, satellite remote sensing has been increasingly used in the long-term observation of ozone (O3) precursors and its formation regime. In this work, formaldehyde (HCHO) data from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) were used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of HCHO vertical column densities (VCDs) in Shanghai from 2010 to 2019. HCHO VCDs exhibited the highest value in summer and the lowest in winter, the high VCD being concentrated in western Shanghai. Temperature largely influences HCHO by affecting the biogenic emissions and photochemical reactions, and industry was the major anthropogenic source. The satellite-observed formaldehyde-to-nitrogen dioxide ratio (FNRSAT) reflects that the O3 formation regime had significant seasonal characteristics and gradually manifested as a transitional ozone formation regime dominating in Shanghai. The uneven distribution in space was mainly reflected in the higher FNRSAT and surface O3 concentration in suburban areas. To compensate for the shortcoming of FNRSAT that it can only characterize O3 formation around satellite overpass time, correction of FNRSAT was implemented with hourly surface FNR and O3 data. After correction, the O3 formation regime showed the trend moving towards being VOC-limited in both time and space, and the regime indicated by FNRSAT can better reflect O3 formation for a day. This study can help us better understand HCHO characteristics and O3 formation regimes in Shanghai and also provide a method to improve FNRSAT for characterizing O3 formation in a day, which will be significant for developing O3 prevention and control strategies.
SeaFlux: harmonization of air–sea CO2 fluxes from surface pCO2 data products using a standardized approach
Authors: Fay Amanda R. , Gregor Luke , Landschützer Peter , McKinley Galen A. , Gruber Nicolas , Gehlen Marion , Iida Yosuke , Laruelle Goulven G. , Rödenbeck Christian , Roobaert Alizée , Zeng Jiye
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Air–sea flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a critical component
of the global carbon cycle and the climate system with the ocean removing
about a quarter of the CO2 emitted into the atmosphere by human
activities over the last decade. A common approach to estimate this net flux
of CO2 across the air–sea interface is the use of surface ocean
CO2 observations and the computation of the flux through a bulk
parameterization approach. Yet, the details for how this is done in order to
arrive at a global ocean CO2 uptake estimate vary greatly, enhancing
the spread of estimates. Here we introduce the ensemble data product,
SeaFlux (Gregor and Fay, 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5482547​​​​​​​,
https://github.com/luke-gregor/pySeaFlux, last access: 9 September 2021​​​​​​​); this resource enables users to
harmonize an ensemble of products that interpolate surface ocean CO2
observations to near-global coverage with a common methodology to fill in
missing areas in the products. Further, the dataset provides the inputs to
calculate fluxes in a consistent manner. Utilizing six global
observation-based mapping products (CMEMS-FFNN, CSIR-ML6, JENA-MLS, JMA-MLR,
MPI-SOMFFN, NIES-FNN), the SeaFlux ensemble approach adjusts for
methodological inconsistencies in flux calculations. We address differences
in spatial coverage of the surface ocean CO2 between the mapping
products, which ultimately yields an increase in CO2 uptake of up to
17 % for some products. Fluxes are calculated using three wind products
(CCMPv2, ERA5, and JRA55). Application of a scaled gas exchange coefficient
has a greater impact on the resulting flux than solely the choice of wind
product. With these adjustments, we present an ensemble of global surface
ocean pCO2 and air–sea carbon flux estimates. This work aims to support
the community effort to perform model–data intercomparisons which will help
to identify missing fluxes as we strive to close the global carbon budget.
The NIEER AVHRR snow cover extent product over China – a long-term daily snow record for regional climate research
Authors: Hao Xiaohua , Huang Guanghui , Che Tao , Ji Wenzheng , Sun Xingliang , Zhao Qin , Zhao Hongyu , Wang Jian , Li Hongyi , Yang Qian
Published: October 2021

Abstract. A long-term Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) snow cover extent (SCE) product from 1981 until 2019 over
China has been generated by the snow research team in the Northwest Institute
of Eco-Environment and Resources (NIEER), Chinese Academy of Sciences. The
NIEER AVHRR SCE product has a spatial resolution of 5 km and a
daily temporal resolution, and it is a completely gap-free product, which is
produced through a series of processes such as the quality control, cloud
detection, snow discrimination, and gap-filling (GF). A comprehensive
validation with reference to ground snow-depth measurements during snow
seasons in China revealed the overall accuracy is 87.4 %, the producer's
accuracy was 81.0 %, the user's accuracy was 81.3 %, and the Cohen's
kappa (CK) value was 0.717. Another validation with reference to higher-resolution
snow maps derived from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) images demonstrates an
overall accuracy of 87.3 %, a producer's accuracy of 86.7 %, a user's
accuracy of 95.7 %, and a Cohen's kappa value of 0.695. These accuracies
were significantly higher than those of currently existing AVHRR products. For
example, compared with the well-known JASMES AVHRR product, the overall
accuracy increased approximately 15 %, the omission error dropped from 60.8 % to 19.7 %, the commission error dropped from 31.9 % to
21.3 %, and the CK value increased by more than 114 %. The new AVHRR
product is already available at https://doi.org/10.11888/Snow.tpdc.271381 (Hao
et al., 2021).
A first investigation of hydrogeology and hydrogeophysics of the Maqu catchment in the Yellow River source region
Authors: Li Mengna , Zeng Yijian , Lubczynski Maciek W. , Roy Jean , Yu Lianyu , Qian Hui , Li Zhenyu , Chen Jie , Han Lei , Zheng Han , Veldkamp Tom , Schoorl Jeroen M. , Hendricks Franssen Harrie-Jan , Hou Kai , Zhang Qiying , Xu Panpan , Li Fan , Lu Kai , Li Yulin , Su Zhongbo
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau is the source of most of Asia's major
rivers and has been called the Asian Water Tower. Detailed knowledge of its
hydrogeology is paramount to enable the understanding of groundwater
dynamics, which plays a vital role in headwater areas like the Tibetan
Plateau. Nevertheless, due to its remoteness and the harsh environment,
there is a lack of field survey data to investigate its hydrogeology. In
this study, borehole core lithology analysis, soil thickness measurement,
an altitude survey, hydrogeological surveys, and hydrogeophysical surveys
(e.g. magnetic resonance sounding – MRS, electrical resistivity tomography
– ERT, and transient electromagnetic – TEM) were conducted in the Maqu
catchment within the Yellow River source region (YRSR). The hydrogeological
surveys reveal that groundwater flows from the west to the east, recharging
the Yellow River. The hydraulic conductivity ranges from 0.2 to
12.4 m d−1. The MRS sounding results, i.e. water content and
hydraulic conductivity, confirmed the presence of an unconfined aquifer in
the flat eastern area. Based on TEM results, the depth of the Yellow River
deposits was derived at several places in the flat eastern area, ranging
from 50 to 208 m. The soil thickness measurements were done in the western
mountainous area of the catchment, where hydrogeophysical and
hydrogeological surveys were difficult to be carried out. The results
indicate that most soil thicknesses, except on the valley floor, are within 1.2 m
in the western mountainous area of the catchment, and the soil thickness
decreases as the slope increases. These survey data and results can
contribute to integrated hydrological modelling and water cycle analysis to
improve a full-picture understanding of the water cycle at the Maqu
catchment in the YRSR. The raw dataset is freely available at https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-z6t-zpn7 (Li et al., 2020a), and the
dataset containing the processed ERT, MRS, and TEM data is also available at
the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center with the link https://doi.org/10.11888/Hydro.tpdc.271221 (Li et al., 2020b).
Evaluating integrated water management strategies to inform hydrological drought mitigation
Authors: Wendt Doris E. , Bloomfield John P. , Van Loon Anne F. , Garcia Margaret , Heudorfer Benedikt , Larsen Joshua , Hannah David M.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Managing water–human systems during water shortages or droughts is key to avoid the overexploitation of water resources and, in particular, groundwater. Groundwater is a crucial water resource during droughts as it sustains both environmental and anthropogenic water demand. Drought management is often guided by drought policies, to avoid crisis management, and actively introduced management strategies. However, the impact of drought management strategies on hydrological droughts is rarely assessed.
In this study, we present a newly developed socio-hydrological model, simulating the relation between water availability and managed water use over 3 decades. Thereby, we aim to assess the impact of drought policies on both baseflow and groundwater droughts. We tested this model in an idealised virtual catchment based on climate data, water resource management practices and drought policies in England. The model includes surface water storage (reservoir), groundwater storage for a range of hydrogeological conditions and optional imported surface water or groundwater. These modelled water sources can all be used to satisfy anthropogenic and environmental water demand. We tested the following four aspects of drought management strategies: (1) increased water supply, (2) restricted water demand, (3) conjunctive water use and (4) maintained environmental flow requirements by restricting groundwater abstractions. These four strategies were evaluated in separate and combined scenarios. Results show mitigated droughts for both baseflow and groundwater droughts in scenarios applying conjunctive use, particularly in systems with small groundwater storage. In systems with large groundwater storage, maintaining environmental flows reduces hydrological droughts most. Scenarios increasing water supply or restricting water demand have an opposing effect on hydrological droughts, although these scenarios are in balance when combined at the same time. Most combined scenarios reduce the severity and occurrence of hydrological droughts, given an incremental dependency on imported water that satisfies up to a third of the total anthropogenic water demand. The necessity for importing water shows the considerable pressure on water resources, and the delicate balance of water–human systems during droughts calls for short-term and long-term sustainability targets within drought policies.
Multi-locus sequence typing for species/serovar identification of clinical isolates of Leptospira spp
Authors: Davis K. Justin , Davis K. Justin , Davis K. Justin , Davis K. Justin , Davis K. Justin
Published: October 2021

Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonotic disease endemic in Kerala and close monitoring
of emerging serovars is essential to adopt appropriate control strategies. Multi-Locus Sequence
Typing (MLST) was reported to be less expensive compared to other cumbersome methods like
whole genome sequencing. The present study was conducted to obtain isolates of Leptospira from
infected animals and rats and for the identification of serovars using MLST. A total of 205 blood
samples (dog, cat, cattle, goat), 43 urine samples (dog, cattle) and post-mortem kidney samples
from various animals such as dog (n=12), cattle (n=2) and rat (n=25) were collected and subjected
to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using G1/G2 primers to identify the pathogenic Leptospira.
Fifteen samples were found to be positive, these samples when inoculated in the Ellinghausen-
McCullough-Johnson-Harris (EMJH) semi-solid medium to obtain ten isolates. These ten isolates
were further subjected to secY, icdA and GyraseB PCR and sequenced. The obtained sequences
were analysed using BLAST and were fed into specified MLST database of Leptospira scheme-3,
the allelic profile and sequence type were generated. The MLST results obtained in the study
indicated that the isolates S24 and S33 belonged to serovar Canicola, S40 and 47 were Sejroe
and S19, S27, S55, S69 and S71 were Bataviae, Autumnalis, Pomona, Icterohaemorraghiae and
Australis, respectively. It was concluded that MLST is a convenient method for identifying leptospiral
serovars.
Diagnosis and therapeutic management of malasseziosis in dogs
Authors: S. Ajithkumar , S. Ajithkumar , S. Ajithkumar , S. Ajithkumar , S. Ajithkumar
Published: October 2021

Malassezia spp. are commensals of the normal cutaneous microbiota of humans and
animals. These yeasts may become opportunistic pathogens under certain conditions and cause
dermatitis and otitis externa in dogs. Malassezia pachydermatis is the most common cause of
malasseziosis in dogs. In this study skin and ear swabs from suspected cases were cultured on
Modified Dixon’s Agar (MDA). The isolates obtained were initially characterized on the basis of
colony characteristics, result of Gram staining and microscopic morphology. Total DNA was
extracted from the pure cultures of the isolates and subjected to confirmation by polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) targeting large subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Positive cases were treated with oral
itraconazole at 5 mg/kg bodyweight, orally once daily for 28 days.
The impact of flood in 2018 on the socio-economic conditions of the dairy farmers in Pariyaram panchayat of Thrissur district of Kerala
Authors: V.L. Gleeja , V.L. Gleeja , V.L. Gleeja , V.L. Gleeja , V.L. Gleeja
Published: October 2021

Climate change poses existential threat on all forms of life on earth. Flood is one of the
major fallout of it. Tropical humid zones experiences worst form of rain related disasters in the recent
times. Kerala, a tropical humid state of India experienced one of the most destructive flood events
of the century during August 2018. It had heavy impact on every sector including animal husbandry.
Based on this event, a study was conducted to assess the impact of flood in 2018 on Livestock
Farming System of Pariyaram Panchayat in Thrissur district of Kerala. The entire Panchayat was
delineated into affected and unaffected wards and detailed survey on faming system and socio
economic profile of the flood affected area was conducted. Pre and post flood livestock system of
the flood affected area differed significantly regarding herd strength, milk production and feeding
pattern. Livelihood of farmers who were depending on the agriculture and livestock rearing for their
survival suffered due to the event, suggesting need for better preparedness.
Life cycle and development rate of Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) during monsoon season in South India: applications in estimation of postmortem interval
Authors: C. F. Binoy , C. F. Binoy
Published: October 2021

Hemipyrellia ligurriens, considered as one of the forensically important blow fly species,
has a wide distribution in many countries including India. To conduct forensic entomological
investigations involving deaths of livestock, human beings and wild animals, standard life cycle
data should be prepared for the local blow fly species under various weather conditions. Reliable
forensic entomological data specific to geographic locations in India are not available presently to
assist the post mortem interval assessment. In this study, life cycle and the rate of development of
H.ligurriens was determined during monsoon season in Kerala, South India. Survival rate observed
from egg to adult emergence was 44.68 %. Total duration of development of the species from
oviposition till adult emergence was 462.57 h. Growth curves based on the age, specific length
parameter and time taken for development of each larval stage was constructed. This development
model would be helpful for the medical, veterinary and law enforcement officials in forensic
estimation of post mortem interval by analyzing the length parameters of larvae collected from
decomposed dead bodies of humans, cadavers of wild animals and livestock.
Gastrointestinal parasites of captive Asian elephants in Kerala
Authors: Zachariah Arun , Zachariah Arun , Zachariah Arun , Zachariah Arun , Zachariah Arun , Zachariah Arun , Zachariah Arun
Published: October 2021

Gastrointestinal parasitic infections invariably affect the health status of elephants and
can cause disease and death in elephants. This study was conducted to assess the incidence of
gastrointestinal (GI)parasitesof elephants in Kerala and to relate it to the deworming status. A total of
31 Asian elephants presented to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Mannuthy, those under
private ownership (Thrissur) and forest department formed the basis of the study.It was observed
that 32.2 per cent of elephants in the study were affected with GI parasites. High percentage of
strongyle ova was observed followed by the mixed infection of strongyle and Strongyloides ova.
Statistical analysis of haematological parameters were done by using student t test in SPSS
version 24.0. The haematological studies of elephants infected with GI parasites revealed anaemia
and eosinophilia.
Surgical management of dystocia due to dicephalic sternophagus tetrabrachius tetrapus dicaudatus monster in a murrah buffalo
Authors: Ravish Sukhbir , Ravish Sukhbir , Ravish Sukhbir , Ravish Sukhbir
Published: October 2021

Successful delivery of a conjoint monster, dicephalic sternophagus tetrabrachius tetrapus
dicaudatus monster by caesarean section and partial fetotomy in a Murrah buffalo is reported.
Pengenalan Pendidikan Literasi Keuangan Bagi Anak Usia Dini Pada Kelas Binaan Jurusan Akuntansi Di Buper
Authors: Asnawi Meinarni , Matani Cornelia Desiana , Patma Kurniawan
Published: October 2021

This community service aims to introduce financial literacy programs for early childhood.Literacy education is important for early childhood so that they are accustomed to financialmanagement well in the future. In Indonesia financial literacy education is still something that is veryrarely done, both in the family and school circles, the provision of education about financial literacyhas not been done seriously and planned. Service is expected to benefit the knowledge of simplefinancial management for early childhood through the "saving" pattern.Dedication material is focused on how to introduce the concept of money, utilization andwhen to do shopping. Financial literacy education will be conducted for pre-school and elementaryschool children aged 5 - 12 years from study group students and playing in Waena Bupers formed bystudents majoring in accounting. The teaching method is carried out by the mentoring method by theTeaching Team. The teaching method uses simulation and learning using financial literacy educationfilm media as well as the movements and songs of Ayo Menabung. The simulation of saving is doneby practicing saving using piggy banks that are distributed to students. Assistance from the teachingteam is carried out continuously with the introduction of financial literacy education that can benefitearly childhood and will benefit themselves, their families and society in the future.
MICROFINANCE AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA: A Critical Assessment
Authors: Nwigwe Cecilia A. , Omonona B. T. , Okoruwa Victor O.
Published: October 2021

This paper attempts to provide a critical assessment of microfinance as a strategy for poverty reduction in Nigeria. It argues that while microfinance has developed some innovative management and business strategies, its impact on poverty reduction remains in doubt. Microfinance, however, certainly plays an important role in providing safety-net and consumption smoothening. However, for any significant dent on poverty, the focus of public policy should be on growth-oriented and equity-enhancing programs, such as broad-based productive employment creation. There is also need to design financial sustainable models that increases outreach and scale up operations for the poor. More so, financial inclusion agenda should be considered and adopted in a concerted manner.
SELF-CONTROL AS A MODERATOR OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORMAL CONTROL AND WORKPLACE DEVIANCE: A Proposed Framework
Authors: Shamsudin Faridahwati Mohd. , Chauhan Ajay , Kura Kabiru Maitama
Published: October 2021

Several studies in the field of management, organizational psychology, sociology and criminology have reported that workplace deviance is related to organization/work variables, such as organizational justice, job satisfaction, perceived organizational support, and job stress, among others. However, few studies have attempted to consider the influence of formal control and workplace deviance. Even if any, they have reported conflicting findings. Therefore, a moderating variable is suggested. This paper proposes a moderating role of self-control on the relationship between formal control and workplace deviance.
A rare case of pituitary apoplexy complicated by internal carotid artery occlusion: Severity obscured by primary collaterals
Authors:   Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden, Holmgren Klas , Koskinen Lars-Owe D ,   Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden, Lindvall Peter ,   Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
Published: October 2021

Pituitary apoplexy complicated by internal carotid artery occlusion was encountered in a patient with surprisingly moderate symptoms at presentation. For a short period of watchful waiting, primary collaterals obscured the emergent need for decompressive surgery, which after the sudden onset of neurological deterioration fortunately salvaged imminent cerebral infarction. Although a few similar cases have been described previously, the importance of collateral circulation has been left virtually without comment, while contrasting treatment strategies and high mortality rates suggest further case reports are warranted. Notably, a symptoms-based management seems likely to be insufficient in these rare situations, while our experience indicate early surgery could be judicious to consider. Keywords: Pituitary apoplexy; Internal carotid artery occlusion; Collateral circulation.
Successful repair of an anomalous right coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery in a 10 month-old
Authors:   Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Sanger Heart and Vascular Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA, Schwartz Matthew C , Hammill William ,   Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Novant Health, Charlotte, NC, USA, Maxey Thomas S ,   Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Sanger Heart and Vascular Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
Published: October 2021

Echocardiogram (Figure 1A-B) in an asymptomatic 6 month-old raised suspicion for anomalous Right Coronary Artery (RCA) from the Pulmonary Artery (ARCAPA) with retrograde flow from the RCA to the main pulmonary artery. The patient’s left ventricular systolic function was normal. Subsequent cardiac catheterization confirmed the diagnosis as angiography showed that the RCA arose from the anterior aspect of the main pulmonary artery and filled retrograde via a collateral network from the Left Coronary Artery (LCA) system (Figure 1C-D). At 10 months of age, the patient underwent surgical translocation of the RCA to the aorta. On direct visualization, the RCA arose from the anterior wall of the main pulmonary artery and the robust collateral supply of the RCA from the LCA was visualized on the heart’s epicardium (Figure 2). The patient did well and was discharged home several days later. Three months after the operation, the patient continues to do well with normal left ventricular systolic flow and prograde flow into the reimplanted RCA.
Stenosing colon neoplasia causing colonic perforation in a patient with morgagni-larrey’s hernia
Authors:   Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain, Gutiérrez Delgado María del Pilar , Velasco Laura Romacho López; Santiago Mera ,   Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain, Galeano Pablo Fernández ,   Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain, Santoyo Julio Santoyo ,   Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
Published: October 2021

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, is a congenital abnormality, rare in adults with a frequency of 0.17-6%. We present the case of an 88-year-old female patient with a history of arterial hypertension, obesity and bronchial asthma. She attended the emergency department of our center with diffuse abdominal pain associated with vomiting, absence of intestinal transit for 4 days and respiratory distress. Laboratory tests showed 11750 leukocytes/μl and PCR 127 mg/L. On suspicion of acute abdomen, a Computerized Tomography (CT) scan was performed (Figure 1), showing a left Morgagni-Larrey Hernia (MH) with gastric chamber and colon inside, with abundant pneumoperitoneum. At surgery we found there was a diffuse purulent peritonitis due to perforation of the transverse colon, which, like the gastric chamber and spleen, was located within a large left diaphragmatic hernia. An extended right hemicolectomy until the tumor in the splenic angle of the colon was surpassed was performed.
Autoimmune hepatitis: Side effect of infliximab perfusion
Authors:   Infectious Diseases Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia, I Kooli , A Guediche ,   Gastroenterology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia, G Harzallah ,   Infectious Diseases Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia, W Marrakchi ,   Infectious Diseases Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia, M Abdejelil ,   Infectious Diseases Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia, A Aouam ,   Infectious Diseases Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia, A Zakhama ,   Anatomopathological Laboratory, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia, L Safer ,   Gastroenterology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia, M chakroun ,   Infectious Diseases Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
Published: October 2021

Background: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a basic cytokine is an immunosuppressive agent used intensively in the treatment of systemic diseases. various side effects have been reported with the use of these powerful immunosuppressive drugs. In this case we report an autoimmune hepatitis an uncommon side effect of infliximab perfusion. Case: A 41-year-old man living with HIV on emtricitabine tenofovir and efavirenz for 6 years with good tolerance and undetectable viral load had been diagnosed as having a Crohn disease. He was referred for persistent increase in aminotransferase levels during infliximab therapy. After the 3rd infusion, serum aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) raised to 75 and 136 IU/L. After exhaustive etiological exams we retained autoimmune hepatitis. Two months after stopping infliximab aminotransferases were normal. Conclusion: Infliximab induced autoimmune hepatitis is an uncommon side effect. Clinicians should be aware of this risk and should perform aminotransferase level control when infliximab use.
High-Tech radiotherapy for primary prostate cancers and synchronous other tumor in elderly
Authors:   Radiation Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Surgo Alessia , Bonaparte Ilaria ,   Radiation Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Gregucci Fabiana ,   Radiation Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Carbonara Roberta ,   Radiation Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Ciliberti Maria Paola ,   Radiation Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Caliandro Morena ,   Radiation Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Ludovico Elena ,   Radiology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Calbi Roberto ,   Radiology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Verbo Alessandro ,   Surgery Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, D’Angelo Vincenzo ,   Neurosurgery Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Scarcia Marcello ,   Urology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Ludovico Giuseppe Mario ,   Urology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Armeno Romeo ,   ASM Matera, Ospedale Madonna delle Grazie, Italy, Laera Letizia ,   Medical Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Surico Giammarco ,   Medical Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy, Fiorentino Alba ,   Radiation Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti-Bari (BA) Italy
Published: October 2021

Aims: To report feasibility and efficacy of high-tech Radiotherapy (RT) for the treatment of synchronous Multiple Primary Malignancies (sMPM) for elderly patients with primary Prostate Cancer (PC). Methods: Two elderly patients with PC and synchronous Anal Cancer (AC) and sacrum chordoma, respectively, were described. The first one was treated with radical radio-chemotherapy. A total dose of 70 Gy / 65.5 Gy (28 fractions) was prescribed to prostate/ seminal vesicles, and concomitantly, 56 Gy / 50.4 Gy / 45 Gy were prescribed to tumor, anal canal/mesorectum/pelvic nodes, and inguinal nodes, respectively. For the second case, after resection of chordoma, adjuvant and prostate radical RT (65.5 Gy / 70 Gy) in 28 fractions were used. In both cases, Volumetric-Arc RT was performed. Results: Patients completed the planned treatment without severe toxicities. After a median follow-up of 12 months, no sign of PC and a controlled/reduction of chordoma/AC were observed. Conclusion: High-tech RT is safe and effective for sMPM elderly patients. Keywords: Synchronous cancers; Elderly; Treatment; Radiotherapy; Multidisciplinary evaluation.
Myocarditis caused by salmonella enteritidis in a healthy 19-year-old male
Authors:   Department of Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine, Intensive Care, and Endocrinology, University Hospital Augsburg, University of Augsburg, Germany, Scheidt Ina von , Friedrich Lena Maria ,   Department of Radiology, University Hospital Augsburg, University of Augsburg, Germany, Altenburger Amadeus ,   Radiology Augsburg Friedberg ÜBAG, Germany, Pusl Thomas ,   Department of Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine, Intensive Care, and Endocrinology, University Hospital Augsburg, University of Augsburg, Germany
Published: October 2021

Myocarditis caused by nontyphoidal salmonellae is very rare in immunecompetent individuals. We present a case of a previous healthy 19-year-old male suffering from chest pain. Laboratory findings, ECG, echocardiogram and blood cultures led to the diagnosis of salmonella myocarditis. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance is a promising noninvasive diagnostic tool which is useful for follow-up and might help to confirm diagnosis. In patients with diarrhea and symptoms of angina pectoris, microbiological testing should include Salmonella enteritidis as possible cause for myocarditis. Keywords: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance; endomyocardial biopsy; myocarditis; salmonella enteritidis.
Occult strongyloides stercoralis infection masquerading as a drug reaction with eosinophilic pneumonia
Authors:   Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, USA, Kirkham Heather , Carnes Stephanie ,   Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, USA, Lieberman Joshua ,   Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, USA, Cohen Seth ,   Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington Medical Center, USA, Reddi Deepti ,   Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, USA
Published: October 2021

Background: Pseudomelanosis or melanosis duodeni is seen in association with drugs, microorganisms or occasional bleeding, usually from peptic ulceration. We present a case of Strongyloides stercoralis presenting as pseudomelanosis duodeni during anemia workup after patient’s initial presentation as eosinophilic pneumonia. Case presentation: The patient is a 77 year-old female with a history of diastolic congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension who presented for evaluation of black stool. Two months earlier, in her prior admission for acute eosinophilic pneumonitis, the patient’s hematocrit was 26%. In her current admission with heme-positive dark stool on exam, the hematocrit dropped to 19%. The patient underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy to identify the source of bleeding. The upper endoscopy revealed three non-bleeding ulcers in the gastric antrum and discoloration of the duodenal bulb and second portion of the duodenum. By histology, the duodenal biopsies showed areas of hemosiderin-laden macrophages in the lamina propria, focal helminth eggs and larvae in the crypt lumen with sizes ranging from 35-65 microns x ~20 microns. Polymerase chain reaction of the paraffin embedded tissue with 28S primer set detected Strongyloides stercoralis DNA, confirming the histologic findings. Given the confirmation of Strongyloides stercoralis, the patient’s initial presentation of eosinophilic pneumonia (Loeffler syndrome) may be a result of the parasitic infection or the successful response to steroid treatment for acute eosinophilic pneumonia caused Strongyloidiasis hyperinfection. The patient’s symptoms were improved with Ivermectin and hematocrit level increased to 28%. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance in recognition of helminth infection in the evaluation of eosinophilic pneumonia and pseudomelanosis duodeni. Keywords: Pseudomelanosis duodeni; Strongyloides stercoralis; Eosinophilic pneumonia; polymerase chain reaction.