bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FRICTION INFLUENCE IN KINEMATIC PAIRS OF HYDROMECHANICAL CLUTCH WITH DIFFERENTIAL DRIVING GEAR UPON DYNAMICS OF ITS OPERATION
Authors: Бородина Марина , Borodina Marina
Published: December 2016

Hydromechanical clutches with a differential driving gear can protect against sudden quickly growing shortterm overloads not related to emergency without triggering at the expense of a smooth moment increase on a shaft of the engine provided with the operation of hydroelastic elements in the hydrosystem of a clutch. The investigation of the friction influence in ki-nematic pairs of hydromechanical clutches with helical and toothed differential driving gears upon the dynamics of clutch operation during emergency triggering has shown that in a helical driving gear the kinetic friction in a spline connection and in a pair of “screw-nut” increases a moment on a shaft of an electric motor overloading it longer than it is admissible. It means, that such a type of clutches may be used only as elastic-damping one decreasing the dynamics of the whole dynamic system at the expense of high friction in kinematic pairs, or jointly with the protection on current as a smooth increase of a moment on a shaft of the electric motor even at the overload increasing in spurts ensured by a clutch increases protection efficiency on current. In the toothed driving gear friction in kinetic pairs is low and a driving gear does not actually experience an overload that means high efficiency of driving gear protection against rapidly growing random overloads with such a type of clutches.
LEAKAGE THROUGH FACE SEAL TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CORRUGATION AND ROUGHNESS
Authors: Тихомиров Виктор , Tikhomirov Viktor , Измеров Михаил , Izmerov Mikhail
Published: December 2016

The procedure is developed for the assessment of joint impermeability in a metal-metallic split perma-nent connection on the basis of a two-level model of a contact interaction in engineering surfaces where the leakage in sealing environment is defined by a sum of leakages through a joint of corrugated surfaces defined by corrugation parameters and leakage through porous medium formed by a contact of rough surfaces on contour areas of a contact.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY INCREASE OF ROTARY PUMP BY CONVERGENCY INTRODUCTION OF WHEEL INTER-BLADE CANAL
Authors: Боровский Борис , Borovskiy Boris
Published: December 2016

The paper reports the substantiation of possibility rotary pump efficiency increase in view of hydraulic losses decrease in a centrifugal wheel at the expense of convergence introduction in its inter-blade canal. Besides losses decrease in a pump the transition to a convergent flow in a centrifugal wheel allows using the model of ideal liquid flow that was impossible at liquid flow in a diffusion inter-blade canal of a wheel providing mainly for an empirical direction of investigations. The convergence introduction, as it was shown by experiments, exceeds pump efficiency by 19% and pres-sure by 74% at the decrease of pulsation and vibrations of a pump that lightens the work of bearings. Theoretical investigations and experimental data have shown that at the convergent inter-blade canal of a wheel at the pump energy efficiency increase there is a situation of a flow different from the flow in the diffusion inter-blade canal. In such a way, the coefficient of the influence of a finite number of blades exceeds a unit, the angle of flow deviation at the wheel outlet takes a negative value (an angle of flow exceeds a bladeexit angle) and a theoretical pressure turns out to be higher considerably of a theoretical pressure at an infinite number of blades.
PERIODIC SOLUTIONS PROBLEM OF HETEROGENEOUS STRING FORCED OSCILLATIONS EQUATION WITH BOUNDARY CONDITION OF THE THIRD TYPE
Authors: Рудаков Игорь , Rudakov Igor
Published: December 2016

The problem of time periodic solutions of a wave equation with floating factors of a general type and a specified periodic driving force is considered. In case of homogeneous boundary conditions of the third type and Dirichlet the existence of a denumerable number of periodic solutions at the condition that a nonlinear item has a power growth without the assumption of monotony is proved.
EFFICIENCY INDICES OF METHODS AND MEANS IN AUTOMATED PARTS ASSEMBLY
Authors: Симаков Александр , Simakov Aleksandr , Кузнецова Светлана , Kuznetsova Svetlana , Рожков Александр , Rozhkov Aleksandr
Published: December 2016

The efficiency assessment of methods and means of automated assembly is necessary at the development of means for automated technological operations. As a rule, one uses efficiency indices in design options of automated assembly devices. In the paper there are offered efficiency criteria for methods and means of automated assembly which can be used at the stages of designing assembly devices. The efficiency of an automated parts combination is defined mainly by the indices of carrying out the stages of position adaptation of parts to be connected. As criteria for the comparison of algorithms of combining there are offered characteristics of program trajectories of matching ensured by that or other adaptation way. At the development of a structure chart of the device as a main index is a controllability of the device expressed by the smallest value of the own frequency of the device according to the coordinates of adaptation. At the final stage of the development of design variants of the device as a criterion there is offered the application of the ratio of structural elements rigidity of an adjusting surface to the shown rigidity of a shifting element including also the rigidity of a part to be connected.
RELIABILITY INCREASE IN HIGH-DYNAMIC AXIAL-PISTON HYDROMACHINES
Authors: Воронов Сергей , Voronov Sergey , Гаврилова Вероника , Gavrilova Veronika
Published: December 2016

At present time there is a trend of specific power increase in axial-piston hydromachines (APHM) that results in increase, volumetric and mechanical losses loads and servicing characteristics decrease. It requires a corresponding reliability increase in hydromachines of this type.

Basic reasons of capacity loss and APHM ser-vicing characteristics decrease are sliding couples: a cylinder block – edge distributor, pistons-cylinders walls.

Nonmetallic antifriction materials used for manufacturing coatings of interacting surfaces in parts are considered most promising for manufacturing coat-ings for operation surfaces in parts of friction units of APHM.

In connection with the evident topicality of the scientific-practical problem of reliability increase in modern high-dynamic APHMs there was offered a procedure of choice of anti-friction materials, their sliding couples and an algorithm of its realization. The procedure is based on the comparison of performance of antifriction materials used with parameters of an operation mode of friction couples and also power loss for friction and material wear intensity.

As basic performances there were assumed maximum contact pressures, temperature and rates of a relative motion of mating surfaces, and as a parameter characterizing material durability, - comparative linear wear intensity.

The realization of a procedure for an axial-piston pump with a sloped disk with the capacity of 15 cm3 allowed justifying a purposefulness of the applica-tion for “pistons-cylinder walls” couples of fluoroplas-tic materials, for the rest of couples – hydro-nitration.
DESTRUCTION OF MOTOR CAR HIGH-LIFT FUEL PUMP CASING CAUSED BY CORROSION CRACKING
Authors: Гоманчук Олег , Gomanchuk Oleg , Ремнев Кирилл , Remnev Kirill , Тишин Сергей , Tishin Sergey
Published: December 2016

The paper reports the state of casing material of motor car highlift fuel pump destructed during operation. With the purpose of the material study on defects existence in the structure there is carried a metallograph analysis of cap material in an inlet valve. The investigation of nonmetal inclusions was carried out in accordance with the requirements of RSS 1778-70. At the same time there was carried out the investigation of a sample microstructure. The analysis of the totality of destruction facts revealed allowed drawing a conclu-sion that a casing destruction in a HLFP took place in the area of a lower turn of cover thread of one of inlet valves. It is established that the destruction occurred as a result of crack formation and its growth. A crack arose in the course of operation as a result of edge brittleness in metal grains caused by the development of corrosion cracking processes development.
APPLICATION OF HIGH-SPEED STEEL ELECTROEROSION POWDER AT MOTOR CAR WORN-OUT PARTS RESTORATION
Authors: Алтухов А. , Altukhov A. , Агеев Евгений , Agyeyev YEvgyeniy , Воробьев Евгений , Vorobev Evgeniy
Published: December 2016

About 75% of parts after dismantling units delivered for major repairs have residual life sufficient enough and can be reused without restoration or after renewal with costs not exceeding 40…60% of new parts value. One of the most promising methods of welding deposition is plasma-powder retailoring (PPR). The purpose of this work is the application of an electroerosion powder of high-speed steel at the motor car worn-out parts renewal by plasma-powder retailoring. By means of the PPR method there were produced three samples. A metal disk with 6 cm di-ameter made of 30ChGSA steel was a basis. Powder fillers with highly rigid phases and a relatively plastic matrix in their structure are used as material at parts PPR. In such a way such material is powder high-speed steel (PHSS) obtained through the method of electro-erosion dispersion in kerosene. At the solution of problems specified there were used modern test and research methods. The researches carried out allow estimating objectively the possibility of PPR method application for renewal and strengthening work surfaces in parts of motor car engines with the use of powder highspeed steel.
SIMULATION OF HTTP AND FTP TRAFFIC USING RIVERBED SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Чечик Владимир , Chechik Vladimir , Батенков Кирилл , Batenkov Kirill
Published: December 2016

The purpose of the investigation presented in the paper is the obtaining and analysis of statistic de-pendences of service quality characteristics for the traffic of HTTP and FTP applications. By means of Riverbed software product there is created a simulation model with the aid of which the essential characteristics (time necessary for the extraction of the whole of a page and probability of packages loss) are obtained. On the basis of the dependences presented as diagrams there is carried out the analysis of data obtained as a result of which the following conclusion is drawn: on the whole the dependencies of service quality charac-teristics for traffics of HTTP and FTP applications do not differ considerably and have the same trends owing to the application of an identical report of a transport level.
PECULIARITIES IN PROCESSES SIMULATION OF GROUP MAKING-DECISIONS IN DISTRIBUTED EXPERT NETWORKS
Authors: Подвесовский Александр , Podvesovskiy Aleksandr , Михалева Оксана , Mikhaleva Oksana
Published: December 2016

A current stage of information society development creates a basis for the initiation and development of new information techniques of management activity support. One of them is the technology of information and expertanalytical support of the development, analysis and management decisionmaking in distributed environment. At the same time, in increasing frequency in the course of the preparation and decisionmaking the persons making decisions resort to the use of experts’ group opinion in the corresponding subject fields. In the paper there is considered one of the significant and widespread problems in decision-making – the problem of experts’ group assessment of objects and also the approaches to its modeling under conditions of experts’ distributed interaction are investigated. A generalized algorithm is offered and an information model of group examination in distributed expert networks is created. It allowed emphasizing basic stages of the mentioned process and information ties between them and also defining a set of expert procedures essential for the information provision of a support process. A complex of models of processing the results of a group examination is defined the formation and investigation of which represents a priority task for the development of a distributed information system of group examinations support.
MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS IN ORGANIZATION SYSTEM OF “ENTERPRIZE-COLLEGE”
Authors: Морозова Анна , Morozova Anna
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this work consists in the presentation of the results in the theoretical generalization of management problems in the organization system of ‘enterprise-college’ and its abovesystem of ‘produc-tion sphere-vocational education’.

In the work there is considered the purpose of a design integration in the form of a strategic partnership of ’enterprise-college’, the analysis of scientific publi-cations on the problems of management updating in different social-economic systems is carried out, the objects and subjects of management in an organization system of ‘production sphere-vocational education’ are defined, the urgency of the problem in young specialist selection for the filling of vacant seats at industrial enterprises of high technology is revealed.

In the course of the investigation there were used the methods of a system analysis, comparisons, target setting and objects modeling.

As a result of the investigation there is formulated a complex multievel problem of management in organization systems of ‘production sphere-vocational education’ and ‘enterprise-college’, a model of a quali-ty cycle in the organization system of ‘production sphere-vocational education’ is formed, a logical struc-ture of the multi-level problem field of management in the organization system of ‘production sphere-vocational education’ in the form of Euler-Venn dia-gram is defined.
METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN RESEARCHES OF ECOLOGICAL-ECONOMIC PROCESSES
Authors: Дергачева Елена , Dergacheva Elena
Published: December 2016

The concept of economy as a socio-technical system falls into the bounds of a narrow social-economic (sociologic) approach in the world economy management. Within the bounds of the given approach the economic sphere of activity is considered as an all-sufficient system establishing different social-economic ties with elements forming it – industrial and servicing complexes, transport systems, urbanized settlements and interacting with its surroundings – natural environment (biosphere). An economic method of pro-duction as a product of socium develops in terms of social-economic regularities supported by market rela-tions and scientific-technical solutions, and nature – on the basis of natural biological regularities which do not suppose a mutual interlacing of units in these processes. From the field of researchers’ vision escape deep interconnected transformations in society condi-tioned with the activity of market-directed socium, its economy and nature on the basis of the use of the latest productive forces, the expansion of techno-sphere and artificial world as a whole. Such a narrow approach in the comprehension of modern micro-, macro- and global economy limits the potentialities of effective management of current and prospective stable ecological-economic development as the consumption by a society the products of biosphere and its transformation in consequence of management is ignored. The process of extended production integrating in itself an exchange, distribution, production and consumption of material benefits does not include in the field of its consideration the transformation changes in natural-biological systems and transition to an anthropogenic one in many respects artificial environment of life support and life reproduction. Social systems recreate a technical-technological infrastructure of economy and in a wider sense – artificial environment, a technosphere. Its accelerating development promotes innovation development of enterprises and results in inevitable transformations in society, man, and nature, and in the dissemination of interrelated social, technosphere and natural transformation processes. Therefore it is necessary to expand a narrow content of a system approach of its wide multidisciplinary interpretation and to include interactive anthropogenic socio-natural processes in the field of the consideration of socio-technical and socio-economic systems. It will allow carrying out a thorough account and forecasting the consequences of the activities of managing subjects and passing to the prospect of stable socio-natural development.
EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY IN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL MANAGEMENT OF SCIENCE CITY
Authors: Барсукова Наталья , Barsukova Natalya , Клюшникова Елена , Klyushnikova Elena
Published: December 2016

Intellectual capital occupies a significant place among factors of economic development of such regional formations as sciencecities of the Russian Federation.

In the paper there is formulated the author’s definition of intellectual capital of a territory as a category providing income growth both of single man and a science city as a whole and being a source and a basis for economy innovation development.

To achieve management purposes, in authors’ opinion, the concept of an “intellectual capital level” (ICL) is more suitable which combines intellectual capital and the results of its realization. The identification of factors in management effectiveness is carried out with the use of characteristics in population life quality and the correspondence of scientific-industrial-complex indices of a municipal region to the science city status of the Russian Federation.

The decomposition-aggregate method offered for the ICL assessment allows defining efficiently the ICL of a science city revealing problem areas managing in a system way an intellectual capital level increasing a living standard of population and keeping a high status of a ”science city of the RF”.
Optimal Credit Investment with Borrowing Costs
Authors: Bo Lijun , Capponi Agostino
Published: December 2016

We consider the portfolio decision problem of a risky investor. The investor borrows at a rate higher than his lending rate and invests in a risky bond whose market price is correlated with the credit quality of the investor. By viewing the concave drift of the wealth process as a continuous function of the admissible control, we characterize the optimal strategy in terms of a relation between a critical borrowing threshold and solutions of a system of first-order conditions. We analyze the nonlinear dynamic programming equation and prove the singular growth of its coefficients. Using a truncation technique relying on the locally Lipschitz continuity of the optimal strategy, we remove the singularity and show the existence and uniqueness of a global regular solution. Our explicit characterization of the strategy has direct financial implications: it indicates that the investor purchases a high number of bond shares when his borrowing costs are low and the bond sufficiently safe, and reduces the size of his long position or even sells short when his financing costs are high or the bond very risky.
Participatory plant breeding and organic agriculture: A synergistic model for organic variety development in the United States
Authors: Shelton Adrienne C. , Tracy William F.
Published: December 2016

Organic farmers require improved varieties that have been adapted to their unique soils, nutrient inputs, management practices, and pest pressures. One way to develop adapted varieties is to situate breeding programs in the environment of intended use, such as directly on organic farms, and in collaboration with organic farmers. This model is a form of participatory plant breeding, and was originally created in order to meet the needs of under-served, small-scale farmers in developing countries. A robust body of literature supports the quantitative genetic selection theory of participatory plant breeding, and helps to explain its increasing prevalence among organic breeding projects in the United States. The history of the organic farming movement in the United States highlights the cultural relevance of engaging organic farmers in the breeding process, complementing the biological rationale for participatory plant breeding. In addition, limited private investment in organic plant breeding encourages the involvement of plant breeders at public institutions. This paper synthesizes the biological, cultural, and economic justifications for utilizing participatory plant breeding as an appropriate methodology for organic cultivar development.
Biomarkers and Coronary Lesions Predict Outcomes after Revascularization in Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Lindholm Daniel , James Stefan K , Bertilsson Maria , Becker Richard C , Cannon Christopher P , Giannitsis Evangelos , Harrington Robert A , Himmelmann Anders , Kontny Frederic , Siegbahn Agneta , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Storey Robert F , Velders Matthijs A , Weaver W Douglas , Wallentin Lars
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND

Risk stratification in non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is currently mainly based on clinical characteristics. With routine invasive management, angiography findings and biomarkers are available and may improve prognostication. We aimed to assess if adding biomarkers [high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (cTnT-hs), N-terminal probrain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15)] and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) might improve prognostication in revascularized patients with NSTE-ACS.

METHODS

In the PLATO (Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes) trial, 5174 NSTE-ACS patients underwent initial angiography and revascularization and had cTnT-hs, NT-proBNP, and GDF-15 measured. Cox models were developed adding extent of CAD and biomarker levels to established clinical risk variables for the composite of cardiovascular death (CVD)/spontaneous myocardial infarction (MI), and CVD alone. Models were compared using c-statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI).

RESULTS

For the composite end point and CVD, prognostication improved when adding extent of CAD, NT-proBNP, and GDF-15 to clinical variables (c-statistic 0.685 and 0.805, respectively, for full model vs 0.649 and 0.760 for clinical model). cTnT-hs did not contribute to prognostication. In the full model (clinical variables, extent of CAD, all biomarkers), hazard ratios (95% CI) per standard deviation increase were for cTnT-hs 0.93(0.81–1.05), NT-proBNP 1.32(1.13–1.53), GDF-15 1.20(1.07–1.36) for the composite end point, driven by prediction of CVD by NT-proBNP and GDF-15. For spontaneous MI, there was an association with NT-proBNP or GDF-15, but not with cTnT-hs.

CONCLUSIONS

In revascularized patients with NSTE-ACS, the extent of CAD and concentrations of NT-proBNP and GDF-15 independently improve prognostication of CVD/spontaneous MI and CVD alone. This information may be useful for selection of patients who might benefit from more intense and/or prolonged antithrombotic treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00391872
Tecnologia Assistiva: surge uma nova realidade para as pessoas com deficiência física
Authors: GOLEMBIEWSKI Carlos , CHESANI Fabíola Hermes
Published: December 2016

A Tecnologia Assistiva é uma área do conhecimento, de característica interdisciplinar, que engloba produtos, recursos, metodologias, estratégias, práticas e serviços. No Brasil, a Tecnologia Assistiva é uma área de conhecimento relativamente nova e as pesquisas enfatizam a necessidade do envolvimento de profissionais especializados em diferentes áreas do conhecimento para o trabalho com pessoas com deficiência. O Programa de Mestrado em Saúde e Gestão do Trabalho e o Curso de Fisioterapia da Univali desenvolvem pesquisas com mestrandos e graduandos de diferentes áreas da saúde sobre o tema em questão, fruto de uma parceria com a Universidade de Brighton. Esta parceria aprovou pelo edital Newton Mobility Grant Scheme 2015 Round 1 o trabalho intitulado “Breaking down barriers and improving quality of life for wheelchair users”. Aproveitando a oportunidade desta parceria, a professora da Universidade de Brighton, Anne Mundy, com importante experiência no processo de Tecnologia Assistiva, esteve em junho deste ano na Univali para ministrar a palestra “Tecnologia Assistiva e mobilidade de pessoas com deficiência física”. Após o evento, a professora conversou com a Revista Brasileira de Tecnologias Sociais.
Questões éticas implicadas no cuidado a gestantes portadoras de HIV
Authors: MONGUILHOTT Juliana Jacques da Costa , PINTO Murilo Lyra , PROSPERO Elisete Navas Sanchez , LIMA Rita de Cássia Gabrielli Souza , VERDI Marta
Published: December 2016

Pesquisa qualitativa realizada com o objetivo de conhecer eventuais implicações éticas geradas no processo de cuidado de gestantes soropositivas em um contexto distrital de uma cidade catarinense de médio porte. Os dados revelaram ausência de um sistema de referência e contrarreferência suficientemente denso para garantir o cuidado integral; negação das dimensões humanísticas e fisiológicas na condução do cuidado; presença de processos discriminatórios; limitação na produção de fluxos éticos da rede de atenção; submissão do direito à narrativa e uma trajetória de exclusão do direito constitucional de garantia da inviolabilidade da vida privada. A pesquisa faz um chamado para a necessidade de a dimensão ética do cuidado ser assumida na rede de atenção como uma tecnologia relacional.
A relação público X privado: cofinanciamento da Política de Assistência Social
Authors: SANTOS Jaciane Geraldo dos , OLIVEIRA Micheline Ramos de
Published: December 2016

Como dever do Estado a política social pública de Assistência Social pode ser assegurada por ação direta do poder público ou pela ação compartilhada com entidades e organizações privadas, sem fins lucrativos. A parceria efetivada entre o poder público e as organizações da sociedade civil atende às demandas sociais, conforme nível de proteção social, através da oferta socioassistencial, pelo repasse de recursos que garantem o custeio parcial a determinadas ofertas. O estudo aborda conceitos para o entendimento das políticas públicas, o papel do Estado como responsável pelo bem comum e o conceito de terceiro setor, com o objetivo de compreender, além da necessidade de sistematização de repasse de recursos às entidades e às organizações da Assistência Social, a forma de relação que se estabeleceu entre o poder público e a sociedade civil organizada. A rede prestadora de serviços socioassistenciais tem papel político importante no fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Assistência Social, com o desafio do gestor público de articular a rede, evitando fragmentações e ofertas desunificadas.
Aportes para una nueva experiencia de la seguridad en los estadios del fútbol argentino
Authors: GODIO Matias , ULIANA Santiago
Published: December 2016

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación orientada a formular nuevos paradigmas de acción e intervención en los fenómenos de violencia que se producen en los estadios del fútbol argentino. Por un lado, se retoman conclusiones de la extensa trayectoria de investigación de los autores en el campo de la violencia en el fútbol y sus dispositivos de seguridad. Por otro, se reflexiona desde el trabajo de campo de investigación-acción en la Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina, en torno a las posibilidades de recrear prácticas culturales de convivencia y tolerancia entre los actores sociales involucrados: fuerzas de seguridad, espectadores/simpatizantes y diversas organizaciones de “hinchas”.
The relationship between play and teat order in piglets of Krškopolje breed – A pilot study
Authors: KIRN Urška , ZUPAN Manja
Published: December 2016

The objective of this study was to determine whether teat order affects piglets’ play during lactation. The 11 piglets of Krškopolje breed were observed in a pen with straw. Animals had two additional objects, the ball and the rope. Direct observations lasted 5 weeks, 3 times a week in 2 daily intervals (7.30 am–9.30 am, 11.00 am–1.00 pm) with 15 min of observational periods. Observations of play types (i.e. object -, social -, locomotor play, playing with a sow) started on the 4th day after birth while of teat order, which was determined with the help of photos representing a particular suckling teat, started on the 6th day after birth. Piglets expressed less locomotor play if they were heavier. The ones that were more playful expressed more play with a sow and more object play. Play was higher in the late than early mornings and did not differ across sexes. The most important finding is that play increased with the age irrespective of the teat order.
Effect of different levels of honey on physiological, growth and carcass traits of broiler chickens during dry season
Authors: OKE Oyegunle Emmanuel , SORUNGBE Faith O. , ABIOJA Monsuru Oladimeji , OYETUNJI Oluwadamilola , ONABAJO Anuoluwapo Olamide
Published: December 2016

The objective of this trial was to investigate the effect of different levels of honey in drinking water on the responses of broiler chickens during dry season in hot humid tropics. Three hundred Oba Marshall broiler chicks were used for this study. The day-old chicks were randomly assigned to five treatment groups with each treatment having four replicates of 15 birds. The first 4 treatment groups were daily supplied drinking water without honey (0H), with 20 ml (20H), 40 ml (40H) and 60 ml (60H) of honey per liter of water. The fifth group received drinking water supplemented with 500 mg vitamin C per liter of water (C). Records on daily weight gain (WG) and feed intake (FI) were taken. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated as the ratio of gain to feed consumed. The supplementation of honey in the drinking water for broiler chickens in 60H during hot dry season in the hot humid tropics improved some stress indices, body weight gain and relative spleen weight.
A semiotic analysis of political cartoons in Jordan in light of the Arab Spring
Authors: Al-Momani Kawakib , Badarneh Muhammad A. , Migdadi Fathi
Published: December 2016

This paper provides a semiotic analysis of political cartoons published in Jordan prior to and during the 2013 elections. It seeks to depict the sociopolitical context after the 2011 Arab Spring and focuses on the changes to people’s practices and stances toward politics and politicians. The data consist of political cartoons by the Jordanian cartoonist Imad Hajjaj drawn during the parliamentary election campaigns in 2007, 2010, and 2013. This paper argues that the humor generated in cartoons conveys strong messages that require an analysis of the interaction between the different signs in cartoons and their social and ideological implications. A model of analysis derived from Barthes’ perception of denotation and connotation theories is adopted. This model is comprised of three types of messages: linguistic, literal, and symbolic. The analysis identifies different messages in the cartoons before and after 2011. Unlike the cartoons from 2007 to 2010, the linguistic and denoted messages in the cartoons of 2013 connoted a sense of salvation, achievement, victory, freedom, dignity, and democracy, merits that had rarely been highlighted in previous cartoons. This attitude is reflected by themes such as the positive image of the young, public awareness of political and national issues, and resistance towards corruption. The study sheds light on this neglected area of visual communication in the Arab world and hopes to provide new insights into the fields of semiotics, pragmatics, multimodal analysis, and critical discourse analysis.
The need for the disjunction phrases in the legal contract
Authors: Gvura Avi
Published: December 2016

The article discusses some questions that rise while referring to the disjunction phrases or, and/or in the Hebrew legal contract. It examines their role and points the linguistic functions they have in this contract, and also checks the necessity of the phrase and/or.

The disjunction phrases or, and/or are very common in legal texts, and possess different functions, some of which are related to logic and semantics, and some that are related to syntax and pragmatics. With the help of pragmatic knowledge of the verbal context, external circumstances, the unique genre and especially the addresser-addressee relations some interpretations can be given to the role of these two disjunction phrases.

The use of the disjunction phrases or, and/or and the linguistic interpretations that are yield at the research, are special and even surprising, but logical. It is noticeable precisely in such a type of discourse which supposed to be most accurate in order to prevent interpretation problems. The person drafting the contract uses the disjunction phrases as a technique to form vagueness or ambiguity in those places where he wants to control the contract’s details and to “leave the key” in his own hands in case the other side wants to interpret the contract in a different way.
Formulation of rights and European legal discourse: any theory behind it?
Authors: Ioriatti Ferrari Elena
Published: December 2016

Ever since the very beginning of the European Economic Community, the EU has regulated European linguistic diversity through a policy of multilingualism (Art. 217 of the E.C. Treaty and Council Regulation No 1 April 15, 1958). Within this policy, the legislator introduced the right of EU citizens to communicate with the EU institutions in each one of the official languages. The possibility of multilingual communication with the EU institutions is not only a practical solution, but a real “core” right, recognized even in the Lisbon Treaty. In this framework, it is worth providing practical solutions as well as considering whether or not, the European Union is also favoring the enactment of rights at the European level, by formulating, enforcing and even communicating the same rule to all EU citizens, with the aid of a multilingual drafting. The EU legal terminology providing rights comes into being through specific mechanisms of lexical creation, which chiefly consist of coining semantic neologisms. Moreover, all legal texts must be written in accordance with EU drafting guidelines, prescribing that “rules have to be drafted bearing in mind their translation in all the official languages”. The consequence of these drafting techniques is that multilingualism influences not only the translation, but the actual structure and content of the rule: very often the result of this praxis is a pragmatic, detailed, concrete regulation of legal instruments, rather than a system of rights. A clear example is given by the directives on consumer protection – nowadays “Directive on Consumer Rights” – and particularly the well known “right of withdrawal”; a consumer opportunity to withdraw from a contract within seven (now fourteen) days is undeniably a proper “right”. However, the regulation provided in the directives is more focused on the procedure of withdrawal (the instrument) than on the effect of the withdrawal from the contract (the right). In general, the multilingual drafting of EU norms – and consequently of EUrights– is not automatically functional to the effective transposition of rights in the Member States and to the substantive equality of EU citizens before European law. The paper argues that this problem – causing a lack of communication between the EU institutions in charge of the formulation of European rule of law and the citizens – might be approached through different methodologies: linguistic, anthropological, juridical. Particularly in the analysis of the legal language of the EU comparative law science is equipped with methods and instruments which proved to be useful for breaking down the legal discourse of the European Union going beyond its words and highlighting the various “formants” (norms), some of which exist and come to light directly or indirectly as a consequence of the multilingual formulation of EU law.
Deontic meanings in Philippine contracts
Authors: Ballesteros-Lintao Rachelle , Arriero Maria Regina P. , Claustro Judith Ma. Angelica S. , Dichoso Kristina Isabelle U. , Leynes Selenne Anne S. , Aranda Maria Rosario R. , Reintegrado-Celino Jean
Published: December 2016

Modality, from the cognitive linguists’ perspective, relates to a “speaker’s assessment of, or attitude towards, the potentiality of a state of affairs” (Radden and Dirven, 2007, p. 233, Cognitive English grammar. USA: John Benjamins Publishing Company). A type of modality that is very much visible in contracts is the deontic modality. A considerable body of literature, various empirical studies and actual Philippine court cases put forward how deontic uses in legal documents such as contracts can bring about issues and confusion leading to comprehension problems. Contract drafting entails a specialized work that a legal drafter must be able to write assessable and comprehensible contracts. This study addressed how contractual modalities are interpreted in the Philippine context and investigated how the most commonly misused modal shall is employed in different Philippine contracts. In examining deontic meanings, this work attempted to address the following questions: 1) What modals/non-modals are employed in expressing the meanings of obligation, permission and prohibition in selected Philippine contracts? 2) How is the modal shall utilized in the given contracts? Matulewska’s (2010, Deontic modality and modals in the language of contracts. Comparative Legilinguistics 75–92) work on the three deontic meanings of obligation, permission and prohibition and Stark’s (2007, Drafting contracts – How and why lawyers do what they do. USA: Aspen Publishers) construct on the correct usage of shall in contracts served as frameworks of this study. Results reveal the concurrence or likeness in the use of modals of these contracts vis-a-vis the local codified laws and in a number of contracts in other countries (Bondi and Diani, 2010. Conveying deontic values in English and Italian contracts: A cross-cultural analysis. ESP Across Cultures 7. Retrieved from http://edipuglia.it/wp-content/uploads/ESP%202010/Bondi-Diani.pdf). More importantly, two central findings of this study have uncovered the differences on the rules and at the same time the overwhelming number of incorrect shall uses, resulting in misunderstanding of the contracts, as reflected in a number of Philippine legal cases filed in court.
Genetic engineering of mesenchymal stromal cells for cancer therapy: turning partners in crime into Trojan horses
Authors: Niess Hanno , Thomas Michael N. , Schiergens Tobias S. , Kleespies Axel , Jauch Karl-Walter , Bruns Christiane , Werner Jens , Nelson Peter J. , Angele Martin K.
Published: December 2016

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult progenitor cells with a high migratory and differentiation potential, which influence a broad range of biological functions in almost every tissue of the body. Among other mechanisms, MSCs do so by the secretion of molecular cues, differentiation toward more specialized cell types, or influence on the immune system. Expanding tumors also depend on the contribution of MSCs to building a supporting stroma, but the effects of MSCs appear to go beyond the mere supply of connective tissues. MSCs show targeted “homing” toward growing tumors, which is then followed by exerting direct and indirect effects on cancer cells. Several research groups have developed novel strategies that make use of the tumor tropism of MSCs by engineering them to express a transgene that enables an attack on cancer growth. This review aims to familiarize the reader with the current knowledge about MSC biology, the existing evidence for MSC contribution to tumor growth with its underlying mechanisms, and the strategies that have been developed using MSCs to deploy an anticancer therapy.
Conventional and/or laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery: what is the current evidence?
Authors: Mik Michal , Dziki Lukasz , Dziki Adam
Published: December 2016

Despite many years of experience with laparoscopic procedures in rectal cancer, the superiority of minimally invasive approaches has been questioned especially in recent years. This article is a short review of the current knowledge about laparoscopic approaches in comparison to conventional modalities in patients with rectal cancer. To present the current state of the knowledge, we focused on reports that were published in the last few years and compared them to multicenter trials and meta-analyses published last year. Our analysis mainly applied to the primary end-points of these trials. We also included expert opinions that have been published in the last several months.
New approaches in esophageal carcinomas
Authors: Hölscher Arnulf H. , Babic Benjamin
Published: December 2016

New approaches in the treatment of esophageal cancer comprise endoscopy with refinements of esophagoscopic intraluminal resection by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Radical open surgery is more and more replaced by minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIO), especially in the hybrid technique with laparoscopic gastrolysis and transthoracic esophageal resection and gastric pull-up. Total MIO also in the robotic technique has not yet shown that it produces superior results than the hybrid technique. Fluorescent dye can improve the intraoperative visualization of the vascularization of the gastric conduit. The individualization of neoadjuvant therapy is the magic word in clinical research of multimodal treatment of esophageal cancer. This means response prediction based on molecular markers or clinical response evaluation. The documentation of the diversity of postoperative complications is now standardized by an international consensus. The value of enhanced recovery after surgery is not yet approved compared to conventional management.
Thoracic combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in an obese patient with asthma and multiple drug allergies: a case report
Authors: Daszkiewicz Andrzej , Copik Maja , Misiolek Hanna
Published: December 2016

Drug allergies, asthma, and obesity are more common in modern societies, and patients with these problems are often a challenge for anesthetists. Different techniques of regional anesthesia can be beneficial particularly for this group of patients. We present a patient who suffered from all of the above-mentioned conditions and successfully underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy under thoracic combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. It is still not a popular practice, and we would like to show another indication for using it.
Simple Models for the Control of Photo-Fenton by Monitoring H2O2
Authors: Bacardit Jordi , Oller Isabel , Maldonado Manuel I. , Chamarro Esther , Malato Sixto , Esplugas Santiago
Published: December 2016

It has been demonstrated that Photo-Fenton process is feasible for the remediation of wastewater containing multiple organic pollutants. In order to promote its industrialization, control strategies have to be defined and tested. The objective of the present work is to describe a mathematical equation that fits the amount of COD abated regarding the dose of H
Enhancing the Reuse of Treated Effluent by Photocatalytic Process
Authors: Zou Linda , Zhu Bo
Published: December 2016

Studies on applying the UV/TiO
Effect of Reagent Addition Order in Catalyzed H2O2 Propagations (CHP) Treatment Systems
Authors: Teel Amy L. , Khotz Shaun A. , Watts Richard J.
Published: December 2016

The advanced oxidation process Catalyzed H
Mass Transfer of Ozone in a Hybrid Ozonation-Membrane System
Authors: Chen Kuan-chung , Davies Simon H. , Masten Susan J.
Published: December 2016

The volumetric mass transfer coefficient (K
Parametric Survey for Efficient DeNOx by Direct Decomposition of NO Using an Intermittent DBD Generated by a One-Cycle Sinusoidal Power Source
Authors: Yukimura Ken , Murakami Hiroshi , Itoh Masayuki
Published: December 2016

NO gas is directly decomposed using an intermittent DBD plasma generated by a one cycle sinusoidal power source. Previously, we have developed an ammonia radical injection system, where ammonia radicals were produced by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in a chamber, called a radical injector, which is separate from the chamber in which NO gas flows. The radicals are injected into the mixing zone in the NO gas flow field to decompose NO gas. The power source for generating the DBD is a one-cycle sinusoidal (OCS) waveform so as to easily control the electrical power consumed in the DBD plasma. The fundamental frequency of the OCS power source is 150 kHz. In this paper, we used the same power source, but NO was decomposed directly by the plasma; that is, NO gas is in the DBD plasma. NO gas was varied from room temperature to approximately 400 C, where the effect of DeNOx characteristics were discussed. By optimizing parameters for DeNOx, an energy efficiency of 100 g/kWh was obtained.
Duty Factor Effect on Ozone Production Using Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor Driven by IGBT Pulse Modulator
Authors: Miura T. , Sato T. , Arima K. , Mukaigawa S. , Takaki K. , Fujiwara T.
Published: December 2016

An ozone production using pulse voltage driven dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor was investigated experimentally to clarify an influence of a duty factor of applied pulse voltage on ozone yield. A square of 10 kV applied voltage was generated using a pulse modulator. Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches were employed to generate the square pulse with 1 kHz in pulse repetition rate. Duty factor of the pulse voltage was controlled in range from 10 to 80% by timing of a gate signal to the IGBT switches. The output voltages of the power supply were applied to a multipoint electrode type DBD reactor in order to operate at low applied voltage. The ozone yield was obtained to be around 100 g/kWh at several thousands ppm ozone production in pure oxygen circumstance at 5 L/min. gas flow. The ozone yield decreased with increasing ozone concentration and was almost independent of the duty factor of square applied voltage under the present experimental condition. Power loss consumed in the pulse modulator was successfully reduced by decreasing duty factor of the output voltage without decrease of the ozone production.
Photocatalytic Decolorization of Reclaimed Water Using Photocatalyst Coated Black Light with Spiral Fluid Flow System
Authors: Ihara Tatsuhiko , Miyoshi Masahiro
Published: December 2016

We designed and assembled a photocatalyst module for water treatment (referred to hereafter as module-I). The module consists of a Pyrex cylindrical tube into which a photocatalyst coated black light (P-BL) tube was inserted, and the admission port for water is attached tangentially to the curved surface of the P-BL tube. The decomposition-rate constant that we obtained by using a 3-ppm methylene blue aqueous solution showed a drastic increase when the fluid velocity exceeded 2 L/min. We think that the fluid velocity of 2 L/min is the turning point at which the flow pattern changes from a laminar flow to a spiral flow turning around the P-BL. We found that module-I is also effective for decomposition of 50 ppb or less concentration levels of dissolved substances such as 4,4'- (1-Methylethylidene)-bisphenol. From the results of decolorization experiments conducted with module-I in which we used 1 L of amber colored reclaimed water (RW) from a circulation toilet system as real waste fluid, we found that RW became transparent within 2-hours of operation at the fluid velocity of 6.1 L/min.
Modeling the Diffusion Mechanism and the Reaction Kinetics for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Acid Red 151 Aqueous Solutions by ZnO: Comparison of Linear and Non-Linear Methods
Authors: Kumar K. Vasanth , Porkodi K.
Published: December 2016

Batch processes were carried out for the photocatalytic degradation of Acid Red 151 from its aqueous solution using ZnO catalyst at different initial dye concentrations. The process was found to be diffusion controlled for the first 15-20 minutes (before irradiation) with an average diffusion coefficient of 6.759 × 10