bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clergy Sexual Misconduct Against Adults in the Roman Catholic Church: The Misuse of Professional and Spiritual Power in the Sexual Abuse of Adults
Authors: De Weger Stephen E. , Death Jodi
Published: June 2018

This article describes and discusses the power–vulnerability intersect in thelives of 23 women and 6 men who experienced clergy sexual misconductagainst adults (CSMAA) within the everyday life of the Roman CatholicChurch. It argues that framing CSMAA around a ‘vulnerable victim’ ratherthan an ‘abusive cleric’ has led to the misinterpretation and continuation ofCSMAA, and an overall attitude of victim blaming. However, when victims/survivors of CSMAA are given the opportunity to tell their stories, a differentpicture emerges. The article concludes that CSMAA does not occur becausethere is a vulnerable adult but, rather, because there is a cleric willing tomisuse their powers to abuse adult vulnerabilities. This article also arguesthat the unique dynamics of CSMAA become more evident andunderstandable when those clergy powers and adult vulnerabilities areclearly delineated as being both positional and personal realities.
Research expectations, surgical exposure, and team coverage in orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship programs
Authors: Haislup Brett D. , Kraeutler Matther J. , Baweja Rishi , McCarty Eric C. , Mulcahey Mary K.
Published: June 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Background:Sports medicine is one of the most competitive orthopaedic subspecialties. Determining the most appropriate fellowship program is difficult for residents, due to limited information regarding research expectations, team coverage, and surgical exposure.Participants:An anonymous survey was distributed to the fellowship PDs of all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited orthopaedic sports medicine fellowships in the United States. A complete list of accredited programs was obtained from the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) website.Results:Thirty-eight of 95 PDs responded (40%). Twenty-three of the 38 programs (60.5%) were university-based, 6 (15.8%) were private practice, and 9 (23.7%) responded as "other". Research manuscript submission by the fellows is required at 28 of the 38 (73.6%) fellowship programs. Knee and shoulder arthroscopy were the most common areas of surgical exposure, with average scores of 9.18 and 9.08, respectively. Ankle arthroscopy had the lowest score (3.05), indicating minimal exposure in most programs. Non-athletes were the most common group treated, representing 25-50% of the patient population in 25 of 38 programs (65.8%) and 75-100% of patients seen in 7 of the 38 programs (18.4%). All programs reported that they treat professional athletes. College athletes accounted for 0-25% of the patient population in 81.6% of programs. With respect to team coverage, all programs covered football, while 21 out of 37 (56.8%) programs covered basketball.Conclusion There is variability among orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship programs with regard to research expectations, strength of surgical exposure, demographics of the patient population, and team coverage requirements. Most sports medicine fellowship programs are university-based, require some form of research with minimum publication submission, provide extensive exposure to shoulder and knee arthroscopy, and treat mostly non-athletes or high school athletes. This information may provide residents with a better understanding of some important components of orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship programs.
Graphical Item Maps: providing clearer feedback on professional exam performance
Authors: Beaves Mark , Wallace Euan , Zoanetti Nathan , Griffin Patrick , Wu Margaret
Published: June 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. B ackground: Structured feedback is an important component of learning and assessment and is highly valued by candidates. Unfortunately, item specific feedback is generally not feasible for high stakes professional assessments due to the high cost of item development and the need to maintain stable assessment performance characteristics. In a high stakes assessment of fetal surveillance knowledge, we sought to use graphical item mapping to allow informative candidate feedback without compromising the item bank. Met h ods: We developed Graphical Item Maps (GIMs) to display individual candidate performance in the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RANZCOG) Fetal Surveillance Education Program (FSEP) multiple-choice question assessment. GIMs use item and person parameter estimates from Item Response Theory (IRT) models to map the interaction between a test taker and assessment tasks of varying difficulty. Results: It is both feasible and relatively simple to provide GIMs for individual candidate feedback. Operational examples are presented from the RANZCOG FSEP assessment. This paper demonstrates how test takers and educators might use GIMs as a form of assessment feedback. Conclusions: Graphical Item Maps are a useful and insightful assessment feedback tool for clinical practitioners partaking in a high stakes professional education and assessment program. They might be usefully employed in similar healthcare professional assessments to inform directed learning.
Can case-based discussions be used for leadership development in medical education? - an exploratory inquiry
Authors: Busari Jamiu O. , Isbouts Lisa N.
Published: June 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Background:The organization and funding of health care delivery are undergoing rapid change. As a result, the need for effective and context relevant educational methods to teach physicians leadership skills is growing. The case-based discussion has been proven to be effective in teaching leadership skills. Therefore, we decided to explore the potential value of its application in leadership training programs for residents.Summary:We performed a qualitative survey to investigate the views of residents and professionals on the use of case-based discussion for leadership skills development during residency training. The Results showed that there were differences in the quality and methods of teaching amongst teachers in different disciplines. More interactive educational strategies were recommended such as case-based discussion and practice-based education during protected teaching slots. Our findings reflected the challenges associated with finding the perfect moment to initiate formal leadership education in postgraduate medical education.Conclusion: The case-based discussion is a potentially helpful method to teach residents leadership skills. In addition, establishing trust between stakeholders in the health system should be a focus of any leadership course. Still, determining the perfect timing to initiate leadership training during residency remains difficult.
Los Estados fallidos: una visión desde la Geopolítica/ Failed States: an insight from Geopolitics
Authors: Mancero García Anita Cecilia , Múnera Perafán Oscar Eduardo
Published: June 2018

El artículo revisa las implicaciones teóricas y empíricas en torno al concepto de Estado fallido, examinando su relación con los postulados propuestos por la geopolítica, tanto clásica como crítica. A partir de la primera se revisan elementos tradicionales como Estado, territorio y recursos, y se analiza cómo estos convergen en la configuración y valoración de un Estado fallido. A partir de la segunda, se interpreta cómo la falla o muerte de un Estado no es un proceso simple, sino que se deben tener en cuenta elementos como la identidad y la cultura. De igual forma, se expone cómo el discurso, al ser un elemento esencial de la geopolítica crítica, cumple un rol central en el proceso de categorización de este tipo de Estados. Se concluye que un análisis holístico del fenómeno de los Estados fallidos podría contribuir a su mejor comprensión

Abstract

This article revises the theoretical and empirical implications regarding the concept of failed state, examining its relationship with the postulates proposed by classic as well as critical geopolitics. From classical geopolitics traditional elements such as State, territory and resources are revised, and the way they converge in the configuration and valuation of a failed State. From critical geopolitics, the failure or death of a state is not a simple process, but elements such as identity and culture should be taken into account. In the same way, the discourse, being an essential element in critical geopolitics, plays a central role in the process of categorization of this type of State. In conclusion: a holistic analysis of the phenomenon of failed States could contribute to a better understanding of it.
La transformación del Ejército Nacional de Colombia: una interpretación teórica/ Transformation of the Colombian National Army: A theoretical approach
Authors: Gonzalez Miguel Antonio , Betancourt Montoya Manuel Alexander
Published: June 2018

El Ejército Nacional de Colombia (ENC) atraviesa por un momento crucial en su historia. Los retos y desafíos que impone la etapa del postacuerdo con la guerrilla más antigua del mundo, las Fuerzas Armadas de Colombia (FARC), han obligado a acelerar la implementación de la trasformación del ENC mediante un proceso institucional planteado desde el año 2011 y que, en parte, se materializó con la implementación de la Doctrina Damasco. Así, el interés del presente trabajo es interpretar desde las teorías de Relaciones Internacionales la trasformación institucional que ha emprendido el ENC; para ellola pregunta que guía el trabajo es: ¿cómo se puede interpretar proceso de transformación del Ejército de Colombia a la luz de los nuevos desafíos que plantean los escenarios: doméstico —ante la existencia de un escenario de postacuerdo con las FARC—  y el internacional? Cabe aclarar que no es materia de este análisis describir el proceso de trasformación del ENC, tampoco describir la Doctrina Damasco como su eje central. El artículo pretende aportar al debate académico sobre la trasformación del ENC desde una interpretación teórica que ofrece la disciplina de la Relaciones Internacionales.

 

Abstrac

The Ejército Nacional de Colombia (ENC) is going through crucial moment in its history. The challenges by the post-agreement phase with the oldest guerrilla in the world Fuerzas Armadas de Colombia (FARC) have forced to accelerate the implementation of the transformation of the Force, through an institutional process establish since 2011, and in part materialized with the implementation of Doctrina Damasco. In this way, the interest of this effort is focused on interpreting from the framework theories of International Relations the institutional transformation that the ENC has assumed. Thus, the question that guides the work is: How interpret the transformation process of the Colombian Army considering the new challenges posed by the domestic context —post-agreement period with FARC— and international? It should be necessary clarified that it is not the subject of this analysis to describe the transformation process of the ENC. Nor describe the Doctrina Damasco, (other works such as (Gómez y Correa 2014, 19-88), and (Rojas Guevara 2016, 95-119) have contributed in this regard). The article rather aims to contribute to the academic debate on the transformation of the ENC from the theoretical analysis offered by the discipline of International Relations. Although, the transformation process of the Colombian Army has its genesis in the need to face the new challenges that arise from the international context and the new internal realities, among which the post-agreement scenario with the FARC, among others, is included. The purpose is to interpret these phenomena and explain how the ENC has renewed its doctrine in a manner consistent with the challenges and threats brought by the contemporary international system.
Miedo al crimen, prevención del delito y narcotráfico: desafíos para las políticas públicas de seguridad ciudadana en América Latina. Entrevista a Lucía Dammert
Authors: Focás Brenda
Published: June 2018

En el marco de las I Jornadas Latinoamericanas sobre Criminología y Seguridad Ciudadana, organizadas en Buenos Aires por la Universidad Tres de Febrero, conversamos con la doctora Lucía Dammert, experta en temas de seguridad ciudadana. En la entrevista, la socióloga chilena analiza con agudeza el panorama de América Latina en materia de seguridad, las políticas públicas que se implementaron en los últimos años y las que son urgentes y necesarias para cambiar el actual paradigma de seguridad. Dammert da cuenta de su expertise no solo como académica sino también a partir de su experiencia en la gestión estatal. Su conocimiento evidencia que en materia de seguridad aún queda mucho por hacer en los países de la región, y que los distintos gobiernos no han sabido dar una respuesta coherente frente a un tema que constituye el problema más importante para los ciudadanos latinoamericanos: la inseguridad.
MCFO IHC of Drosophila CNS v1
Authors: W. Meissner Geoffrey , B. Grimm Jonathan , M. Johnston Rebecca , Sutcliffe Ben , Ng Julian , S.X.E. Jefferis Gregory , Cachero Sebastian , D. Lavis Luke , Malkesman Oz
Published: June 2018

The use of genetically encoded ‘self-labeling tags’ with chemical fluorophore ligands enables rapid labeling of specific cells in neural tissue. To improve the chemical tagging of neurons, we synthesized and evaluated new fluorophore ligands based on Cy, Janelia Fluor, Alexa Fluor, and ATTO dyes and tested these with recently improved Drosophila melanogaster transgenes. We found that tissue clearing and mounting in DPX substantially improves signal quality when combined with specific non-cyanine fluorophores. We compared and combined this labeling technique with standard immunohistochemistry in the Drosophila brain.
Polarity IHC of Drosophila CNS v1
Authors: W. Meissner Geoffrey , B. Grimm Jonathan , M. Johnston Rebecca , Sutcliffe Ben , Ng Julian , S.X.E. Jefferis Gregory , Cachero Sebastian , D. Lavis Luke , Malkesman Oz
Published: June 2018

The use of genetically encoded ‘self-labeling tags’ with chemical fluorophore ligands enables rapid labeling of specific cells in neural tissue. To improve the chemical tagging of neurons, we synthesized and evaluated new fluorophore ligands based on Cy, Janelia Fluor, Alexa Fluor, and ATTO dyes and tested these with recently improved Drosophila melanogaster transgenes. We found that tissue clearing and mounting in DPX substantially improves signal quality when combined with specific non-cyanine fluorophores. We compared and combined this labeling technique with standard immunohistochemistry in the Drosophila brain.
DPX Mounting of Drosophila CNS v1
Authors: W. Meissner Geoffrey , B. Grimm Jonathan , M. Johnston Rebecca , Sutcliffe Ben , Ng Julian , S.X.E. Jefferis Gregory , Cachero Sebastian , D. Lavis Luke , Malkesman Oz
Published: June 2018

The use of genetically encoded ‘self-labeling tags’ with chemical fluorophore ligands enables rapid labeling of specific cells in neural tissue. To improve the chemical tagging of neurons, we synthesized and evaluated new fluorophore ligands based on Cy, Janelia Fluor, Alexa Fluor, and ATTO dyes and tested these with recently improved Drosophila melanogaster transgenes. We found that tissue clearing and mounting in DPX substantially improves signal quality when combined with specific non-cyanine fluorophores. We compared and combined this labeling technique with standard immunohistochemistry in the Drosophila brain.
gerencia educativa y la gestión del cambio
Authors: Ospina Ramírez David Arturo , Burgos Laitón Sandra Bibiana , Madera Ruiz José Alejandro
Published: June 2018

Este artículo de reflexión, parte de una investigación que busca identificar el vínculo existente entre la gerencia educativa y la gestión del cambio de las instituciones educativas en la ciudad de Manizales. El documento se centra en relacionar estas categorías desde la reflexión teórica, permitiendo la emergencia de nuevos abordajes como la innovación educativa, la sostenibilidad y la gestión organizacional. La revisión documental realizada permitió identificar algunas relaciones entre la gerencia educativa y la gestión del cambio desde criterios de desarrollo educativo que se relacionan con el impacto de los proyectos de este tipo, para entender así que en la gerencia educativa los procesos de gestión del cambio se fortalecen cuando cuentan con criterios claros de innovación y apuestan por la sostenibilidad de las iniciativas. Este documento sirve como base para investigadores en el campo de la gerencia educativa que desean analizar el impacto de los proyectos educativos en diversos contextos.
Reconocimiento de la diversidad sexual en la escuela: algunas paradojas
Authors: Castelar Andrés Felipe , Lozano-García Jenny Alexandra
Published: June 2018

This article analyzes the level of recognition of sexual and gender diversity within an educational context; taking the school as an institution that trains subjects from a uniformity of knowledge and expected behaviors. To accomplish this, it explores the “theories” that arise in the teachers of one public school in Cali, Colombia to explain sexual diversity, understood as events that come to interrupt institutional stability, and seeks to understand the positions they take with regard to the sexual identity of the students.
La amenaza en el contexto del trabajo y las organizaciones: aportes desde la psicología social construccionista
Authors: Bedoya-Dorado Cristian
Published: June 2018

In the last decades, there has been an increase in the study of organizational phenomena and of work from discursive perspectives. Within these focuses, researchers have demonstrated the ways in which realities are constructed discursively and how power is materialized in discourse. In light of a crisis within social psychology, discursive contributions were included in addressing and conceptualizing psychological phenomena, which was generated by the constructivist movement. This article discusses the phenomenon of threats in the context of work from its discursive aspect, as well as of power. This discussion suggests that threats are an exercise of power that operates through discourse and has effects in the formation of subjectivities. Threats in the context of work are mediated both by management approaches and administrative practices, as well as by the social system of said context.
Sujeto, conocimiento y verdad
Authors: Moreno-Camacho Manuel Alejandro , Gómez-Gallego John James
Published: June 2018

What is the place of subjectivity in the production of objective knowledge? More than proposing a definitive answer for this question, in this article we address the problematic relationship between subject, knowledge and truth. In order to do this, we draw upon arguments from the sociology of scientific knowledge, the philosophy of science, and psychoanalysis. In doing so, we situate the characteristics of the sciences as social practices, scientific knowledge as provisional truths inscribed in discursive matrices, and truth as an ideal unfathomable through attempts at generalization, positioning its status as secondary to the individuality of the subject.
Hacia la construcción de una propuesta de formación política dirigida a mujeres, nacida desde la lucha
Authors: Medina Luisa , Calvache Carolina , Ruiz María Camila , Burbano Claudia Lorena
Published: June 2018

The current Colombian situation demands politically trained subjects prepared to face the challenges that the post-agreement era brings with it, and from a political standpoint, foster the construction of a culture of peace that encompasses a variety of contexts and human areas. This article aims to present research undertaken with the women of the «Organization for the Urban and Rural Development of the Cauca» (ORDEURCA for its acronym is Spanish). The primary goal of the project was to develop a framework for the pedagogical basis of a political training program that allows the women of ORDEURCA to share their experiences of political training and at the same time construct the training program that they desired. The project was undertaken utilizing an Action Research methodology and encompassed the development of three workshops, the analysis of a series of interviews with the women and the leaders of ORDEURCA, and the study of field journals produced from the training meetings in which they participated. From the information obtained, it was possible to identify the main pedagogical models and strategies, as well as the central themes and principles used in their training.
Empatía en autismo: concepto y medición
Authors: Rivera-Ortega Viviana
Published: June 2018

This review analyzes the conceptual approach and measurement of empathy in the disorders on the autism spectrum. Empathy is a construct encompassing a variety of approaches in the cognitive sciences. In can be established that a diversity of conceptions of empathy exist. Studies show a dichotomy in the processing of empathy in subjects with autism, suggesting a deficit of empathy in cognitive functioning but not in affective functioning. In the study of these areas, there is a tendency to employ self-reports, questionnaires, and theory of mind tasks. however, brain measurements have shown atypical activations of the right prefrontal cortex, the temporoparietal junction, the insular cortex and the fusiform gyrus.
Study of clinical profile of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children aged 2 months to 5 years
Authors: M. Dhivyanarayani , V. Raju , P. Jeyachandran
Published: June 2018

Background: Acute respiratory infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in under-five chil-dren in developing countries. Hence, the present study was undertaken to study the various risk factors, clinical profile and outcome of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) in children aged 2 months to 5 years. To study the risk factors associated with ALRI in these children. To ascertain the association of the various cultural practices prevalent in this area with ALRI.Methods: 100 ALRI cases fulfilling WHO criteria for pneumonia, in the age group of 2 months to 5 years were evaluated for potential risk factors, clinical profile and outcome as per a predesigned proforma in a rural medical college.Results: Socio-demographic risk factors like parental illiteracy, overcrowding, partial immunization and low socioeconomic status were potential risk factors; similarly, nutritional risk factors like early and late weaning, anemia, and malnutrition were associated with ALRI. Significant environmental risk factors were the use of biomass fuels, inadequate ventilation at home, and lack of separate kitchen.Conclusions: The present study has identified various socio-demographic, nutritional and environmental risk factors for ALRI which can be tackled by effective health education of the community and effective training of peripheral health personnel.
The Effect of Compensation, Empowerment, Competency and Job Satisfaction toward Performance of Lecture in Wiralodra Universiti of Indramayu
Authors: Hr. Sumardi , Dr.Wibowo Prof.
Published: June 2018

The performance of UNWIR lecturers has not been fully in line with the expectations. Achievement of lecturer performance at UNWIR is quite good category. This study aims to determine the effects resulting from compensation, empowerment, competence on job satisfaction and compensation, empowerment, competence and job satisfaction on the performance of UNWIR lecturers. The method used in this study is quantitative associative that 104 respondents of UNWIR lecturers are assigned. The data was collected by using performance appraisal instrument by chairman of UNWIR and lecturer response instrument relating to the compensation, empowerment, competence and job satisfaction of UNWIR lecturer. Data processing were analyzed using path analysis by LISREL 9.30 software. The result showed that performance appraisal of lecturers of UNWIR by chairman of UNWIR is quite less / low category, response of lecturer on compensation received is sufficient, the empowerment done by UNWIR to the lecturer is enough and the competency assessment of each lecturer are respectively in the good category, the perceived job satisfaction Lecturers are in the category of satisfaction and overall there is a significant relationship between compensation, empowerment and competence on job satisfaction and there is a relationship between compensation, empowerment, competence and job satisfaction on performance..
The Attitude Scale Towards Flirting Violence
Authors: Tayanc Erva Fatma , Sarıer Merve , Kamanlı Harun , Uysal Cansu
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study was to develop an attitude scale towards flirting violence for university students who study at TED University. 232 university students aged 18-25 in Ankara participated in this study. University Students’ Attitudes Scale Towards Flirting Violence (ASTFV)” is a 5 item Likert type scale. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis was used for validity and the results of the factor analysis indicated that the scale explains 62,798 % of the total variance. For reliability Cronbach Alpha coefficient was 0.938. Findings indicated that the ASTFV was a valid and reliable scale.
Population Growth and Primary School Enrollment in Yola-North, Adamawa-Nigeria
Authors: Torsen Emmanuel , Oaya Peace
Published: June 2018

This work is centrally focused on population growth and how it affect the enrollment of school age children (6-11 years age group). The population of 2006 (199,674) was used as the base year to project the 2011 (234,329), 2016 (274,972) and 2021 (322,688) populations using the exponential growth model. Enrollment ratio was obtained by relating the total population of a particular level to the population that were enrolled at that particular level base on sex structure, the Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) for male pupils from 2006 and 2011 was 70.21581% and 70.21696% which implies that 29.784% and 29.78304% of the male school age children are yet to be enrolled in schools, with a slight increase from 2006 to 2011. For 2016 and 2021, the GER is 70.2160% and 70.21696%, that is, 29.784% and 29.7822% of the male school age children will not be enrolled in schools with a slight increase from 2016 to 2021. The GER for female pupils from 2006 and 2011 was 74.03832% and 74.03432% which implies that 25.9618% and 25.96568% of the female school age children are yet to be enrolled in schools, 2016 to 2021 is 74.0347% and 74.0374% meaning that 25.96168% and 25.9626% of the female school age children will not be enrolled in schools by 2016 to 2021. The Sprague multipliers coefficient (SMC) table was applied to break down the five (5) years age group in to sex structures, in which the total age population at primary school (6-11) years as of 2006 base on sex structure was 14,689 and 13,258 for male and female respectively, for 2011 was 17,239 and 21,427 for male and female respectively. This paper has shown that, while the population of Yola-North LGA is rapidly growing, the enrollment of school age children is also increasing but very slowly.
Human Resource Development Management (Study at Adonara Timur Senior High School, Distict of Flores Timur, Nusa Tenggara Timur - Indonesia)
Authors: Bin Ola Rafael S.B , J.Lengkong Jeffri.S. , Kambey Joseph Ph.
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study is to find out how the planning, implementation and results of the implementation of human resource development management in senior high school (SMA Negeri I) Adonara Timur, distric of Flores Timur. This study used qualitative research methods. The collection technique is done by observation or observation, interview, and documentation study. The process of data analysis is carried out before data is obtained and during data collection is done (data reduction). The inherent oddities are re-verified in the presentation of the data and then the final conclusion is found to be fundamental. The conclusion of the research is the implementation of human resource development management in SMA Negeri I Adonara Timur implemented by passing the stages in management, namely: planning, organizing, implementation, and supervision. Planning is implemented by the school leadership by making regular observations to all of his subordinates. Thus, from these observations the leadership can determine what needs are needed and what development programs are needed in an effort to improve the quality of education in SMA Negeri I Adonara Timur. Implementation of human resource development program in SMA Negeri I Adonara Timur has been going on and on continuously. Implementation of human resource development in SMA Negeri I Adonara Timur is through training and education, concretely implemented in the form of activities such as  curriculum socialization, upgrading, workshops, training, panel discussions, scientific discussions, and the existence of the plan of study program continued for certain teachers. Implementation of these programs on a regular basis and is mandatory and received direct supervision from the leadership. 3) Implementation of human resource development in SMA Negeri I Adoara Timur produce results in accordance with the targeted. The results are measured by the high percentage of graduation as well as the high percentage in the selection of admissions at state universities at provincial and national levels.
La evaluación del sistema del control interno como soporte estratégico en la gestión de objetivos en las finanzas populares del Ecuador
Authors: Mayorga Díaz Mónica Patricia , Llagua Tubón Verónica Gabriela
Published: June 2018

Las finanzas populares en el Ecuador enfrentan nuevos retos al considerarse sectores vulnerables que en los actuales momentos disponen del apoyo de los entes públicos como un principio que reza en el artículo 309 de la Constitución de la República del Ecuador, por lo que se ha considerado prioritaria la implantación y manejo de un sistema de control interno integral que permita la gestión de objetivos apropiada y adaptada a las necesidades de estas organizaciones, con la finalidad de que se cumpla con los planes y proyectos que se enmarquen en el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de los stakeholders.
Condición y perspectivas de la meliponicultura en comunidades mayas de la reserva de la biósfera Los Petenes, Campeche, México
Authors: Pat Fernández Lucio Alberto , Anguebes Franceschi Francisco , Pat Fernández Juan Manuel , Hernández Bahena Pablo , Ramos Reyes Rodimiro
Published: June 2018

La cría de la abeja sin aguijón ko’olel kaab (Melipona beecheii) es una actividad ancestral en vía de desaparición en la reserva Los Petenes. Por su importancia en la estrategia familiar en el área natural protegida y la conservación de la diversidad de especies de abejas nativas, se planteó el estudio de la situación y perspectivas de la meliponicultura en dicha área. Se usaron encuestas semiestructuradas, entrevistas con informantes clave y observación participante. Los resultados muestran que solo seis comunidades de las 17 manejan la abeja ko’olel kaab, los meliponicultores están constituidos mayoritariamente por hombres de edad avanzada con débil organización social. La perspectiva de la meliponicultura es alentadora porque se ubica en un área natural protegida y, el conocimiento y manejo tradicional aún persiste y la realizan familias mayas para uso medicinal y ceremonial. El mercado y el valor cultural de la meliponicultura son factores que pueden contribuir a su rescate.
Hallazgo de fragmentos cerámicos de estilo Chocholá con jeroglíficos en Oxkintok, Yucatán
Authors: García Barrios Ana , Lacadena García-Gallo Alfonso
Published: June 2018

Durante las temporadas de campo de 1996 y 1998, en el sitio de Oxkintok, Yucatán, se hallaron diversos fragmentos cerámicos de estilo Chocholá con inscripciones jeroglíficas. La importancia de estos hallazgos es grande, ya que permite asociar arqueológicamente dicho estilo cerámico con Oxkintok, siendo éste posiblemente uno de sus principales centros productores. La presencia de un nombre en uno de los fragmentos, cho-lo-ma, Cholo’m, con rango de sajal, permite atribuir a Oxkintok una serie de vasos hasta el momento sin procedencia conocida, y que mencionan a tal personaje. Al mismo tiempo, se ofrece nueva información acerca de la organización política interna del sitio en el Clásico Tardío y la distribución geográfica de este título en las Tierras Bajas septentrionales.
Carta ao Editor acerca do artigo “Reconsiderando o ‘Declínio’ da Empatia com o Curso em Estudantes de Odontologia na América Latina”
Authors: Santiago Luiz Miguel , Moreira Mafalda Cristina Sá , Silva Inês
Published: June 2018

N/A.
Atitude frente à mudança organizacional: estudo em uma instituição educacional vinculada a universidade federal de Santa Maria –RS
Authors: Dickel Deise Graziele , Dapper Steffani Nikoli , Machado Barbara Parnov , Moura Gilnei Luiz de
Published: June 2018

As mudanças e adaptações recorrentes no mundo atual despertam a necessidade de as organizações realizarem ações a fim de se manterem competitivas e garantirem posições no mercado. Diante disso, o estudo objetiva verificar de que modo se expressam as atitudes dos colaboradores frente ao processo de mudança na gestão de uma Instituição Educacional vinculada à Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho quantitativo, por meio de um estudo de caso de natureza descritiva com os colaboradores (professores e técnicos administrativos em educação). O instrumento de pesquisa é composto por questões de escala intervalar do tipo Likert e contém os constructos aceitação, ceticismo e temor a respeito de mudanças organizacionais. Os resultados proporcionados pelo estudo revelam que os colaboradores da instituição expressam comportamentos positivos em relação à mudança de gestão, visto que as maiores médias se situaram no fator aceitação.
Accruals discricionários e o erro de previsão do fluxo de caixa operacional nas empresas brasileiras de capital aberto
Authors: Melo Jefferson Ricardo do Amaral , Sousa Kleber Morais de , Cavalcante Paulo Roberto Nóbrega
Published: June 2018

Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar o efeito isolado dos accruals discricionários no erro de previsão do fluxo de caixa operacional das companhias brasileiras de capital aberto. A metodologia utilizada no desenvolvimento da pesquisa obedeceu a três etapas: a) mensuração do erro de previsão do fluxo de caixa operacional por meio da série temporal autorregressiva em um período (AR1); b) mensuração dos accruals discricionários pelo modelo de Pae (2005); c) estimação dos efeitos das acumulações discricionárias e dos incentivos ao gerenciamento de resultado no erro de previsão do fluxo de caixa operacional. A amostra foi formada por 363 empresas brasileiras de capital aberto que possuíam dados disponíveis na base de dados do Economática entre o período de 2008 a 2015. Os resultados revelaram que os accruals discricionários oportunos têm influência positiva sobre o erro de previsão do fluxo de caixa operacional, sugerindo, que práticas oportunistas dos gestores podem prejudicar a capacidade informacional de parte dos accruals. Esse achado sugere que os usuários da informação contábil, especialmente, os analistas de mercado que emitem previsões de fluxo de caixa, devem levar em consideração o efeito isolado dos accruals discricionários frente às acumulações totais na margem de erro da previsão do fluxo de caixa.
Synthesis of Phthaloylglycyl Hydrazide Derivatives: Selective Protection of Phthalimide Group from Hydrazinolysis
Authors: Gera Ankur , Mohan Chander , Arora Sandeep
Published: June 2018

Background: N-phthalimide amino acid hydrazide is a class of compounds that have the potential
therapeutic use. In general, hydrazinolysis of N-substituted amino acid(s) ester removes the ester group and
yields the corresponding hydrazide. However, in case if N-substitution group is phthalimide, phthalimide
group is cleaved and not the ester group. The resulted compound, therefore, is amino acid ester rather than Nphthalimide
amino acid hydrazide. The above class of compounds, because of susceptibility of phthalimide
group to hydrazinolysis, has previously been synthesized by a lengthy three-step procedure.

Objective: N-phthaloylglycyl hydrazide was synthesized by using new efficient, simplified, one step process.
Hydrazone derivatives from substituted benzaldehydes, and substituted furaldehyde were also synthesized.

Method: N-phthaloylglycyl hydrazide was synthesized from the corresponding carboxylic acid using 1-Ethyl-
3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) as a coupling agent and hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) as an
activator. Hydrazone derivatives were synthesized by condensation of N-phthaloylglycyl hydrazide with substituted
benzaldehyde/substituted furaldehydes. All the compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13CNMR,
mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis.

Results: The presence of EDC/HOBt resulted in hydrazinolysis of the carboxylic acid group and not the
phthalimide group. N-phthaloylglycyl hydrazide was synthesized in good yield.

Conclusion: We report the improved process of the synthesis of N-phthaloylglycyl hydrazide. This is the first
report where stability of phthaloyl amino acid compound to hydrazine is demonstrated. The reaction may be
explored for the reaction schemes where stability of phthalimide group to hydrazinolysis is required.
Pediatric HIV-1 Acquisition and Lifelong Consequences of Infant Infection
Authors: Nelson Cody S. , Fouda Genevieve G.A. , Permar Sallie R.
Published: June 2018

Increased availability of antiretroviral therapy to pregnant and breastfeeding women in resource-limited areas has proven remarkably successful at reducing HIV vertical transmission rates over the past several decades. Yet, still, more than 170,000 children are infected annually due to failures in therapy implementation, monitoring, and adherence. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 can occur at one of several distinct stages of infant development – intrauterine, intrapartum, and postpartum. The heterogeneity of the maternal-fetal interface at each of these modes of transmission poses a challenge for the implementation of immune interventions to prevent all modes of HIV MTCT. However, using mother-infant human cohorts and nonhuman primate models of infant simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) acquisition, investigators have made an important observation about the biology of pediatric HIV infection and have identified unique protective immune factors for each mode of transmission. Knowledge of immune factors protective against HIV MTCT will be critical to the development of targeted immune therapies to prevent infant HIV acquisition and to bring an end to the pediatric AIDS epidemic.
Preparation and Biochemical Evaluation of Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Punica granatum Extract
Authors: Haroun Ahmed A. , Mossa Abdel-Tawab H. , Mohafrash Samia M.M.
Published: June 2018

Background:

Funcionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (ox-MWCNTs) were used for
the preparation of therapeutic nanoparticles for delivery of some bioactive compounds. Consequently,
this work deals with the preparation of grafted MWCNTs with n-vinyl caprolactam in the presence of
pomegranate peel extract (P. granatum), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and/or silver nanoparticeles and their
toxic effects on male mice using in vivo biological examination (liver and kidney dysfunction biomarkers)
and the histopathological analysis.

Methods:

P. granatum extract was immobilized onto functionalized MWCNTs using simple adsorption
technique. Moreover, The prepared materials were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM). In vivo examination using liver and kidney dysfunction
biomarkers was investigated. In addition, the histopathological study was carried out.

Results:

The ox-MWCNTs induced significant elevation in the liver enzymes including AST, ALT and
ALP relative to the control group. While, the treatment with P. granatum extract only did not induce
any change in the liver and kidney biomarkers. In other words, P. granatum extract loaded onto functionalized
MWCNTs showed low effects on liver enzymes and kidney function biomarkers in the
treated mice in comparison with ox-MWCNTs and extract separately. Moreover, histopathological
analysis revealed that the P. granatum extract functionalized MWCNTs exhibited normal renal tissue
with no histopathological alteration.

Conclusion:

The grafted MWCNTs with n-vinyl caprolactam in the presence of pomegranate peel extract
(P. granatum), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and/or silver nanoparticeles were successfully prepared.
SEM-micrographs showed complete coating of MWCNTs fiber with the extract. The prepared materials
resulted in no toxic effects and the histopathological findings were confirmed by inflammation of the
liver and kidney tissues.
Phenolic Content, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Moroccan propolis
Authors: Belmehdi Omar , Douhri Badia , Bouyahya Abdelhakim , Laghmouchi Yousif , Senhaji Nadia S. , Abrini Jamal
Published: June 2018

Background:

Propolis contains compounds with antibacterial and antioxidant capacities, such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of six propolis samples from northern Morocco and to determine their content of polyphenols and flavonoids.

Methods:

The total polyphenols and flavonoids of Ethanol Extracts (EEP) were evaluated by colorimetric assays. To test the antibacterial activity, the well diffusion and micro-dilution methods were adopted. The kinetic of bacterial growth in the presence of EEP was tested. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using three techniques: reducing power, β-carotene bleaching test, and DPPH scavenging capacity assay.

Results:

The EEPs were found to have high total phenolic content (65.09 - 122.00 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (41.95 - 50.44 mg QE/g). The screening of the antibacterial activity showed that all tested bacteria were sensitive to EEP except Escherichia coli. The inhibitory zones varied from 11.50 ± 0.70 to 32.00 ± 0.70 mm, and MIC and MBC ranged from 0.07 to 5 mg/mL and 0.07 to >5 mg/mL, respectively. The antioxidant activity was proportional to the phenolic content of propolis. The IC50 varied from 48.70 to 156.00 mg/mL and the RAA% ranged from 75.07 to 96.68 %.
A Comparative Study of Determination the Spectral Characteristics of Serum Total Protein Among Laser System and Spectrophotometric: Advantage and Limitation of Suggested Methods
Authors: Zahra AL-Timimi
Published: June 2018

Background and Objective:

Laser spectroscopy is becoming an increasingly paramount analytical tool. Scientists today have at their disposal many various types of laser-based analytical techniques. In this article, the possibility of using capabilities of a laser to analyze and find the concentration of Serum Total Protein (STP) was studied.

Materials and Methods:

The laser system includes a diode laser with 532 nm wavelength, with maximum output power being 5 mW. Laser bandwidth ranges around (524 nm – 546 nm) experimentally justified using a monochromator. A simple variable resistance with a range from zero to10Ω for obtaining a range of laser output power, detector, parallel variable resistance with the range from zero to 5 kΩ and meter for measuring the percentage of transmittance. The absorption spectroscopy of STP samples was measured by double beam spectrophotometer.

Results:

Maximum absorbance of STP is at the range (520-580 nm) and the peak at (500) nm. Laser system measurements included the study of absorbance of STP as a function of cuvet thickness, transmittance as a function of cuvet thickness and absorbance as a function of laser power. In order to ascertain our calculations, the results have been compared with the results of the spectrophotometer. The Relative Standard Deviation (RSD%) values are about (0.67-17.18).

Conclusion:

The diode laser system is a highly efficient and easy system and allows access to a range of powers. Since the divergence of the laser beam is very low. All results are in good agreement with conventional double beam spectrophotometer.
The Influence of Memory-Aware Computation on Distributed BLAST
Authors: Hajibaba Majid , Sharifi Mohsen , Gorgin Saeid
Published: June 2018

Background:

One of the pivotal challenges in nowadays genomic research domain is the fast processing of voluminous data such as the ones engendered by high-throughput Next-Generation Sequencing technologies. On the other hand, BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool), a longestablished and renowned tool in Bioinformatics, has shown to be incredibly slow in this regard.

Objective:

To improve the performance of BLAST in the processing of voluminous data, we have applied a novel memory-aware technique to BLAST for faster parallel processing of voluminous data.

Method:

We have used a master-worker model for the processing of voluminous data alongside a memory-aware technique in which the master partitions the whole data in equal chunks, one chunk for each worker, and consequently each worker further splits and formats its allocated data chunk according to the size of its memory. Each worker searches every split data one-by-one through a list of queries.

Results:

We have chosen a list of queries with different lengths to run insensitive searches in a huge database called UniProtKB/TrEMBL. Our experiments show 20 percent improvement in performance when workers used our proposed memory-aware technique compared to when they were not memory aware. Comparatively, experiments show even higher performance improvement, approximately 50 percent, when we applied our memory-aware technique to mpiBLAST.

Conclusion:

We have shown that memory-awareness in formatting bulky database, when running BLAST, can improve performance significantly, while preventing unexpected crashes in low-memory environments. Even though distributed computing attempts to mitigate search time by partitioning and distributing database portions, our memory-aware technique alleviates negative effects of page-faults on performance.
Antibacterial Action of Mixed-ligand Imidazole - Phenanthroline Copper Complex
Authors: Plotnikov Evgenii , Plotnikov Vladimir
Published: June 2018

Background: Multidrug Resistance (MDR) of microorganisms is the biggest pharmacological
challenge, despite plenty of modern antibiotics. Obviously, new classes of antimicrobial drugs
against MDR pathogens need to be developed.

Objective: This work aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of the novel copper-based complex
- bisimidazoles - (1,10) phenanthroline cuprum (II) dichloride - [CuPhenIm2]Cl2.

Material & Methods: The complex - bisimidazoles-(1,10)phenanthroline cuprum (II) dichloride - [Cu-
Phen-Im2]Cl2 was synthetized for the experiment. The structure was identified by elemental analysis
and IR spectroscopy. The antibacterial properties of the copper complex were investigated by agar diffusion
and serial dilution methods with the following bacteria strains Staphylococcus haemolyticus
(ATCC 29970), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Proteus vulgaris (ATCC 13315), Escherichia
coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Mycobacterium bovis (Valle). Antituberculosis
activity test included evaluation of bacterial growth on Lowenstein Jensen media with a
serial dilution of copper complex, within an observation period of 90 days.

Results: The prospect copper complex showed significant antibacterial activity. The most susceptible to
copper action were strains of S.haemolyticus and S.aureus. The bisimidazoles - (1,10) phenanthroline
cuprum (II) dichloride revealed moderate bactericidal action against Mycobacteria bovis.

Conclusion: Most of the tested bacterial pathogens were highly susceptible to the novel copper substance.
A detailed assessment of the biological action in in vivo is further required.