bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surface Quality Control by X-Ray Fluorescence
Authors: Moreno-Díaz Cristina , Maresca Piera , Caja García Jesús , Andrés Dámaso Alberto
Published: October 2023

Elemental analysis by X-ray fluorescence, XRF, is a well-known technique, widely used in laboratories and industrial plants. XRF equipment manufacturers offer accessories and programs to integrate their equipment into automated plants and use it as quality control tools. The relationshipbetween the surface roughness of the samples and the quality of the measurement is studied and its physical principles are known. In this work it is proposed to use an XRF equipment to analyze the surface roughness of the elements produced in chain, and establish a pass/do not pass control of a batch.By integrating the XRF equipment into the chain, and comparing the measurement with a previous measurement considered reference (which can be done with other equipment such as a roughness meter or confocal microscope) it can be determined if the surface roughness of the samples conforms to the established tolerance limits. The advantages of using an XRF equipment are: using equipment that is already in the plant, automating the control process, integrating an XRF into a flexible manufacturing environment and non-contact roughness analysis (surface texture).In this work the authors start from different machined specimens of aluminium alloy perfectly known by spark emission spectrometry to the appropriate dimensions to be measured in an XRF spectrometer. The surface to be evaluated is machined until the desired order of roughness is achieved, its surface finish is determined by optical methods and subsequently measured in the XRF equipment. Different specimens, are produced to determine the changes in the XRF measurements. The intensity of selected elements in each specimen is related to the surface finish and conclusions are drawn.
Surface Quality Optical Measurement of Part Inclined Planes Manufactured by FDM Technology
Authors: Medina Sánchez Gustavo , Ordóñez Partal Juan Antonio , Vicente Rubén Dorado , Guerrero-Villar María Francisca
Published: October 2023

Fused Filament Deposition (FDM) additive manufacturing technology allows the generation of three-dimensional parts by overlapping layers of an extruded polymer. The staircase effect caused by overlapping is well known and makes the manufactured parts have poor surface quality. This problem has been focused on by numerous works trying to optimize the surface quality by studying the process technological parameters or part geometry. Also, post-processing techniques have been developed that improve this roughness, but which involve an increase in manufacturing time and cost. In this work, a methodology to measure the roughness based on laser confocal microscopy is proposed. To evaluate the methodology, an experimental study is carried out that relates the surface roughness of parts manufactured with FDM with the building orientation and the layer height. The main objective of this study is to compare two roughness measurement methodologies: a mechanical measurement with a conventional contact roughness meter, and an optical measurement with a confocal microscope. The contact roughness meter provides a direct value of the roughness of the part wall profile, while the confocal microscope provides an image of the three-dimensional surface of the part wall, which must be processed. The data from the confocal microscope are evaluated with the Internet-based software Surface Metrology Algorithm Testing System (SMATS) developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) of the USA. The SMATS will provide an average value of the roughness of the analyzed surface. The test results with both methodologies are very similar, with an average difference of 5%. These results show the influence of the printed plane inclination angle on the roughness, which is higher for low values of the angle. It can also be seen that this influence decreases for low-layer heights.
Study of 3D Metal Printed and Metal Filled Epoxy Materials for Rapid Tooling in Injection Molding
Authors: Abellán-Nebot Jose V. , Serrano Julio , Habib Kudama , Gual Jaume
Published: October 2023

Common rapid tooling techniques can be classified as indirect and direct methods. As indirect methods, casting a mixture of epoxy and metallic powder over a pattern to obtain the mold shape is currently a fast and reliable method. As direct methods, Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) can directly manufacture a mold ready for operation. Recently, progress in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) materials have brought into play a large variety of 3D printed polymers with high percentage of fiber metals that can be more easily printed using the FDM technology instead of SLM or other more advance techniques. In this paper, a study is conducted to analyze the main characteristics of different FDM materials with metal fibers and different epoxy metal filled materials for rapid tooling in injection molding. The study analyzes the properties of these materials such as yield strength, tensile strength, thermal conductivity and wear resistance, and compares them with those from common traditional machined materials for molding such as tool steels and aluminum. Furthermore, the paper shows a comparison of costs and advantages and drawbacks of using these materials for a standard molding insert in industry.
Analysis of the Temperature Evolution at Necking during Tensile Deformation of H240LA Steel Sheets
Authors: Palomo David , Martínez-Donaire Andrés J. , Borrego Puche Marcos , Vallellano Carpoforo
Published: October 2023

The study of localized necking based on strain analysis using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is the most widely used technique in sheet metal forming to study the FLD (Forming Limit Diagram). However, due to the heat generated by plastic deformation during the forming operations, another way is to analyze the temperature field of the specimen during the test by using Digital Infrared Thermography (DIT). A series of Nakazima tensile tests of high-strength low-alloy steel were tested using DIC and DIT synchronized systems. In this study, a thermomechanical numerical model was developed in ABAQUS/Standard in order to study the energy balance between the different effects of heat generation by plastic deformation, and transient conductive and convective heat transfers through the sample and to the environment. Analysis of the predicted energy balance during the tests allowed to understand the temperature evolution observed both at the beginning and at the development of the unstable necking until fracture. The numerical results are consistent with the analysis obtained from experimental temperature field, making feasible the use of DIT systems to study new necking detection criteria.
An Embedded System Approach to Design and Development of an Automatic Spin Coating Machine for Thin Film Applications
Authors: Babu J. Charles , Jagadeesan V. , Selvakumar G. , Jothi J. Nirmal
Published: October 2023

A typical spin coating technique entails three steps: dispense, in which the resin fluid is applied to the substrate surface; high-speed spin, in which the fluid is thinned; and drying, in which extra solvents are removed from the resultant film. For the growth of thin films, an embedded system-based spin coating machine has been developed. The PIC microcontroller (PIC16f877A), which might be powered by a driver circuit to drive a spinning motor, controls the spin coating machine effectively. The temperature sensor is used to determine the temperature, while the proximity sensor is used to determine the motor's speed. Using a temperature sensor, the temperature has been kept between 30 and 40 degrees Celsius. The developed system will coat thin films in a micro level thickness by adjusting the spinning speed and controlling the system using PIC microcontroller. To test the reliability and repeatability of the machine, Zinc oxide (ZnO) was prepared with the sol-gel technique and deposited on the glass substrate using embedded system based spin coating machine. ZnO thin films were prepared at different pH and exhibited the fundamental reflections of (100), (002), (101), and (102) with the hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. The structural studies of ZnO thin films using XRD analysis confirm the presence of ZnO particles in the prepared films. Also, it ensures the prepared ZnO thin film is pure and that no other impurities have been observed in the XRD pattern.
Influence of Material Distribution on the Position of Neutral Axis of Functionally Graded Cantilever Beam
Authors: Chichkhede Shashi , Mahapatra Deepak , Sanyal Shubhashis , Bhowmick Shubhankar
Published: October 2023

The paper discusses the effect of functional grading on the position of neutral axis of a cantilever beam. The principle of virtual work is used to derive the governing equations and B-spline collocation method is used to solve the governing equations. The material distribution is done using power law function. The position of neutral axis plays an important role in designing a composite beam. The present analysis gives a brief insight into the effect of power index on the depth of neutral axis measured from the centroidal axis. The results show the influence of modulus ratio on the position of neutral axis. Effect of shift in neutral axis further influence the stress values and deflection.
CT-Based Dimensional Metrology for Quality Assessment of the Internal Structure of Additive Manufactured Aluminum Parts
Authors: Holgado Ibon , Ortega Naiara , Yagüe-Fabra José Antonio , Herminso Villarraga-Gomez , Plaza Soraya
Published: October 2023

Two common types of internal defects of additively manufactured (AM) samples are lack-of-fusion and gas-entrapped porosities. These internal defects can have different physical origins and particular local characteristics (e.g., different shape, size). Thus, the use of reliable non-destructive inspection techniques is essential for the accurate assessment of integrity, allowing the applicable AM processing parameters correction. To overcome this challenge, this work aims to evaluate the accuracy of volumetric characteristics measured by computed tomography for porosity evaluations in AM samples, including assessment of measurement uncertainty. The effect of different cumulative thickness on the evaluated measurements accuracy is also assessed. The results show that deviations of defect size measurements can be below 2% if the proposed procedure is followed. In addition, the expanded uncertainty can be up to 10% of the measured magnitude when the cumulative thickness is increased to 70 mm. The physical relationships obtained between the cumulative thickness and the individual measurements are also presented.
Cutting Edge: TLR2 Signaling in B Cells Promotes Autoreactivity to DNA via IL-6 Secretion
Authors: Soni Chetna , Makita Sohei , Eichinger Anna , Serpas Lee , Sisirak Vanja , Reizis Boris
Published: October 2023

Autoantibodies to chromatin and dsDNA are a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In a mouse model of monogenic human SLE caused by DNASE1L3 deficiency, the anti-DNA response is dependent on endosomal nucleic acid-sensing TLRs TLR7 and TLR9. In this study, we report that this response also required TLR2, a surface receptor for microbial products that is primarily expressed on myeloid cells. Cell transfers into lymphopenic DNASE1L3-deficient mice showed that TLR2 was required for anti-DNA Ab production by lymphocytes. TLR2 was detectably expressed on B cells and facilitated the production of IL-6 by B cells activated in the presence of microbial products. Accordingly, treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics or Ab-mediated blockade of IL-6 delayed the anti-DNA response in DNASE1L3-deficient mice. These studies reveal an unexpected B cell–intrinsic role of TLR2 in systemic autoreactivity to DNA, and they suggest that microbial products may synergize with self-DNA in the activation of autoreactive B cells in SLE.
An aberrant coloured Southern crested caracara Caracara plancus Miller 1777 (Falconiformes: Falconidae) from Brazil
Authors: Beltrão-Mendes Raone , Costa José Percílio Mendonça , Galina André Beal , Ruiz-Esparza Juan
Published: October 2023

We present an aberrant coloured individual of Southern crested caracara (Caracara plancus) from Brazil. The individual has predominantly white plumage with a few dark grey feathers on the body; the legs and face are yellow and the eyes are melanic. The individual was observed in the municipality of Nossa Senhora Aparecida, state of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. The animal presented signs of sun burn and currently is hosted in the Parque dos Falcões, Sergipe, Brazil.
A comparative study between laparoscopic trans-abdominal retromuscular repair and intraperitoneal onlay mesh repair techniques in ventral hernia
Authors: Hassan Ahmed Hassan Atia , Hassan Sadek Mohamed Abdel Rahman , Ibrahim Islam Mohamed , AbdAllah Zaitoun Mohamed
Published: October 2023

Background

A hernia is a projection of an organ or part of an organ through a defect in the body wall. When compared to open procedures, laparoscopic ventral hernia repair has consistently demonstrated lower overall complication rates, shorter hospital stays, and faster return to work.

Aim

To compare the efficacy and safety between laparoscopic transabdominal retromuscular mesh (TARM) repair and laparoscopic (IPOM) repair in the treatment of patients with ventral hernia in Zagazig University Hospitals as a single center experience.

Patients and methods

This study is a prospective randomized clinical trial carried out upon 48 patients who were randomized by closed envelope method into two groups: Group (A): had undergone Laparoscopic TARM repair. Group (B): had undergone Laparoscopic IPOM repair.

Results

There was statistically significant variation between groups concerning cost which was significantly lower in laparoscopic TARM repair. Group B was lower regard intra operative complication rate but not significantly, but regard postoperative complication Group A significantly associated with Seroma and Group B significantly associated with Bulge. Complicated cases were significantly younger and wider regarding hernia width.

Conclusion

TARM repair technique was more time consuming but with less cost in comparison to the IPOM technique. TARM has the advantage of defect closure and avoiding mesh contact with abdominal viscera.
The role of percutaneous radiological guided interventions in the management of biliary leakage
Authors: Elkamry A. , Mohallel A. , Bessa S.S. , Hegab S.E. , El Shafey M. M.
Published: October 2023

Background

Percutaneous image-guided biliary interventions is an important tool to deal with bile leaks. This prospective study was conducted from March 2021 to April 2023 aiming to clarify the role of image-guided interventions in the management of bile leaks, preventing its devastating consequences.

Patients and methods

We prospectively studied 30 patients diagnosed with bile leakage referred to our department between March 2021 to April 2023. We analyzed cause and time of bile leak presentation, percutaneous biliary drainage technique, and additional procedures when required, the technical and clinical success of the procedures, leak healing timing, and complication rates.

Results

Bile leak was suspected within a mean of 7 days (range from day 0–17 days) after the initial incident. In all patients image-guided biliary tree percutaneous access was attempted. An external biliary drain was inserted in 13 cases, 17 patients had an internal-external biliary drain crossing the leaking site. Complete leakage healing following PTBD was achieved in 20 of 30 patients (66.7%) which occurred in an average of 87 days (range 45–130 days). No major complications were encountered after the procedure.

Conclusions

PTBD is an effective, safe and feasible approach to deal with biliary leaks. It can be an alternative to tedious complex surgical attempt when ERCP is not applicable, which entails higher burden regarding patient morbidity and mortality.
Interstitial cells of Cajal in the ureteropelvic junction: does its expression have a role in the pathogenesis of congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction?
Authors: Abdelnaser Mohamed G. , AlBaghdady Ayman A. , Shakawer Marwa M. , Girguis Nader N. , Elghandour Mostafa M. , Elsherbeny Mohammed S.
Published: October 2023

Background

One of the most frequent urological abnormalities in pediatric urology and the most frequent cause of hydronephrosis in the pediatric age group is uteropelvic  junction obstruction (UPJO). Although its etiology has been the subject of several investigations, it is still unknown.

Objective

Comparing the quantitative changes in the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) between specimens with UPJO and specimens without hydronephrosis using light microscopy and correlating these changes to the etiology of the disease.

Methods

Patients with UPJO and patients without obstruction were compared immunohistochemically with c-kit (CD117) between February 2020 and February 2022 at Ain Shams University Hospital to quantify the ICC, which is situated close to the circular muscle layer and parallel to the muscle cells.

Results

Light microscopic analysis revealed that the control group’s Cajal cell density was much higher than the number of cells in the patients with UPJ blockage.

Conclusion

Our research found that the mean density of the ICC was lower in UPJO patients compared with controls, indicating that the absence of the ICC may contribute to the pathogenesis of UPJO.
Comparative study between early versus late enteral nutrition after gastrointestinal anastomosis operations
Authors: Rizk Rimon Boshra , Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed , Mostafa Hesham Salem , Ahmed Ahmed Saad
Published: October 2023

Introduction

An anastomosis of the digestive tract is a common operation, whether it be an unexpected medical crisis or a planned procedure. Feeding soon after gastrointestinal anastomosis is not only physiological, but also protects against morphologic and functional trauma-related modifications in the gut.

Aim of work

This research aimed to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of initiating Enteral Nutrition immediately following gastrointestinal anastomosis surgery versus delaying it for a later time. Additionally, the frequency of Adverse Events.

Patients and methods

Thirty patients underwent abdominal surgery, with treatments ranging from small- to large-intestine anastomosis, for both urgent and elective reasons. Early postoperative enteral feeding in the early feeding group commenced within 24 h of surgery or immediately following nasogastric tube removal. The delayed feeding group began enteral feeding using the standard technique once bowel sounds were restored, distention was gone, and the patient passed flatus or stool. 14 patients were in the early enteral feeding group (A) while 16 patients were in the late enteral feeding group (B). Data regarding blood loss and transfusion, NGT removal time, time of intestinal sounds return, time of passage flatus and stool, hospital stay and postoperative complications were recorded.

Results

Among those who ate too early (46.6%), those who ate late (53.3%), abdominal distension was noted in 28.6%,in the early group and 43.8% in late feeding group and vomiting was reported in 50.0%, and 62.5%, respectively. In the first group, 57.1% of those who fed early experienced fever, while in the second group, 75.0% of those who fed late did so. Late feeding is associated with a statistically significant rise in both the Day of NGT removal and the Length of stay. When patients were admitted for early feeding, they stayed in the hospital for an average of 5.71 days. There was no statistically significant difference according serum albumin between the early feeding (3.79) and late feeding (3.50). There was a significantly higher concentration of potassium in the blood in the early feeding group (3.93) compared to the late feeding group (3.219). Anastomotic leaking, surgical site infection, and intensive care unit admission were not significantly different between early and late feeding.

Conclusion

Early enteral feeding has the upper hand on late enteral feeding as it goes with GIT physiology, we found that early postoperative feeding following gastrointestinal anastomosis surgery significantly reduced the day of NGT removal and the length of hospitalization, which may be attributable to fewer problems and better gut motility and healing.
Fetal mummification complicating a dichorionic twin gestation
Authors: Jagun Olusoji Edward , Adesegun Oluwaseyitan
Published: October 2023

Fetus papyraceous is a complication of multiple gestation characterized by single intrauterine fetal death of a twin, co-existing with a normal twin. It can present without problems to the mother and surviving twin but it increases the risk of death to the surviving twin, preterm delivery, dystocia, and other fetomaternal complications. This case aims to draw attention to the rare finding of a mummified twin coexisting with a normal twin, as well as the clinical management of such presentation. We present a case of a 32-year-old multigravida with no living children, who spontaneously conceived a twin pregnancy that was complicated by fetus papyraceous and eventual (inevitable) preterm delivery. The pregnancy was managed conservatively by frequent fetomaternal monitoring to allow for adequate fetal lung maturity. The surviving twin and mother remained stable postpartum. Frequent ultrasonographic monitoring along with conservative management to prolong pregnancy until fetal lung maturity is ascertained, are useful strategies in managing such a case, and the management of each case should be individualized.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:

Medical knowledge, Patient care.
A literature survey on the biomarkers of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Pavithra Ravindran , Sangeetha Thangavelu , Velayuthaprabhu Shanmugam , Anand Arumugam Vijaya
Published: October 2023

Biomarkers of any condition will help in predicting the disease that can help in improvised treatment and medication. Due to lack of symptoms and precursors, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading reasons for death in population all over the world. To reduce the death rate and improve the therapeutic approach, biomarkers related to CVD can be helpful. The study of the levels of biomarkers in the body can help in predicting the chances of CVD. The literature study of biomarkers of CVD is to analyze the biomarkers and their role and levels in causing CVD. Among the various analyzed lipid-related markers like apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A1, lipoprotein (a), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, coronary artery calcification, cystatin C, it has been identified that the cystatin C is the biomarker for not only the chronic kidney disease but also a predictor of major CVD events.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:

Medical knowledge, Patient care, Systems-based practice.
A Novel Mutation in GATA3 Gene in a Case of Hypoparathyroidism, Deafness, and Renal Dysplasia Syndrome
Authors: Prabhu Pooja Prakash , Ballal Sudarshan , Augustine Rohan , Shetty Mitesh
Published: October 2023

A 39-year-old male was incidentally detected to have hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) with left solitary functioning kidney in 2017. He has bilateral sensorineural hearing loss since adolescence. He was initially suspected to have adynamic bone disease in view of low parathyroid hormone levels and was started on teriparatide injections and calcium supplements. Despite all these measures, he had persistent hypocalcemia and low parathyroid hormone levels. Hence, Hypoparathyroidism, Deafness, and Renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome was suspected, and the patient was evaluated for the same. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of a de novo and a novel frameshift mutation in GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) gene on chromosome 10p. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of HDR syndrome being diagnosed by genetic analysis in India.
Cyberbullying: A study of its extent, coping resources, and psychological impact among college students
Authors: Gupta Shampa , Soohinda Geeta , Sampath Harshavardhan , Dutta Sanjiba
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

Bullying is an aggressive act with a hostile intent to dominate, abuse, or intimidate an individual(s) with a lesser social or physical power, repeatedly over a period of time. Though bullying can manifest in any social situation, its pernicious presence in the educational institutions has become a source of concern to all stakeholders. With their self-esteem and world view entwined in cyberspace, the present generation of young adults derive their social status and self-worth through affirmations through the internet via social networking sites. Cyberspace is an ideal environment for bullies as it is relatively anonymous, allows the participation of a large audience, and is almost impossible to supervise.

Aim:

To estimate the extent, coping resources, and psychological impact of cyberbullying among Indian college students.

Methodology:

This cross-sectional study was carried out among undergraduate medical students of Sikkim. Cyberbullying, cybervictimization, coping strategies used by students, self-esteem, and levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were estimated using standardized self-report scales.

Results:

Out of 213 medical students, more than half of the college students (60.6%) were victims of cyberbullying. Coping strategies commonly used by cybervictims were technical coping, support from friends, and assertively confronting the bully online. Victims of cyberbullying had significantly more depression, anxiety, stress, and lower self-esteem (p values <0.05) compared to students who did not experience cyberbullying.

Conclusion:

This study illuminates the extent and nature of cyberbullying among Indian medical students. The negative mental health consequences of cyberbullying are worrying. Mental health professionals and stakeholders need to create an awareness and formulate strategies to combat cyberbullying in colleges.
Decoding the link between substance dependence and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: A cross-sectional study from North India
Authors: Victor Robin , Gondwal Rohit , Avinash Priyaranjan , Singhania Rachit
Published: October 2023

Background:

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Substance dependence are often thought to be linked as they are found to co-exist in many individuals. ADHD is estimated to be an essential indicator for the development of substance use disorder. Aim and Objective: To explore the relationship between different substance dependence and ADHD.

Methods and Materials:

This cross-sectional single-interview study was done at a tertiary care hospital in which a total of 153 Cases presenting to the Psychiatry OPD in a period of 03 months were selected serially based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The diagnosis of substance dependence was made as per ICD-10 criteria. These subjects were then evaluated for the presence of ADHD and physical and psychological symptoms using the Adult ADHD self-rating scale and Maudsley’s Addiction Profile.

Results:

The majority of our study subjects were aged between 24-29 years (45%) and were predominantly males (98.7%). Most of our subjects were dependent on smack (adulterated heroin) (38.5%) followed by cannabis (27.4%) and alcohol (18.3%). When evaluated for ADHD using the ADHD self-rating scale, we found that almost one-third of the study population had ADHD (33%). Prevalence of ADHD was maximum in the subjects with cannabis dependence (47.6%) followed by tobacco/smoking (38.8%), cocaine (33%), and alcohol (21.5%). This association was statistically significant for cannabis (p = 0.035). The standard mean of both the physical as well as psychological symptoms experienced by subjects was higher in the ADHD group compared to the non-ADHD group which was statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

While managing patients with substance dependence we need to target both underlying ADHD and any co-morbid physical and psychological illness if present for holistic recovery of the patient.
Neurocognitive and behavioral predictors of theory of mind (ToM) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Authors: Jha Manisha , Sharma Vibha , Anthony Aldrin
Published: October 2023

Background:

Investigating the core component of social cognition, known as the theory of mind (ToM), becomes imperative in patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) as they may present with social cognitive deficit-related disability interfering with patients’ functional and behavioral status.

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate the neurocognitive and behavioral predictors of the ToM in patients with traumatic brain injury (PtTBI).

Settings and Design:

Thirty PtTBI and 30 healthy controls (HCs) were assessed on a set of tasks.

Methods and Material:

The assessment included ToM tasks (cognitive and affective, verbal and nonverbal, and first-order and second-order) along with various neuropsychological (NP) assessments to explore their memory, executive functioning, and intelligence. Further, TBI participants also underwent behavioral and functional outcome measures using the Functional Status Examination (FSE) and the Neurobehavioral Rating Scale (NBRS).

Statistical Analysis:

The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analyses.

Results:

Findings confirmed ToM deficit across all modes of ToM tasks in PtTBI and implicated the role of executive function and working memory in the expression of ToM in this group. While cognitive faux pas (FPC) and first-order false belief together could explain poor performance on NBRS, the nonverbal ToM task predicts functional outcome in PtTBI.

Conclusions:

These findings have practical implications as they promote cognitive remediation intervention focused on restoring ToM, which may improve functional limitations and resulting disability in PtTBI.
The revamped Good Clinical Practice E6(R3) guideline: Profound changes in principles and practice!
Authors: Bhatt Arun
Published: October 2023

The International Council for Harmonisation has released a draft version E6(R3) of the Good Clinical Practice Guideline for public consultation. The objective of the revamped guideline is to make the new provisions applicable across diverse clinical trial types and settings and to remain relevant as technological and methodological advances occur. E6(R3) includes profound changes in the structure and content of E6(R2) version, which will impact all the trial conduct processes from planning to reporting. This guideline’s focus on principles, digital technology, ethics, and quality will increase the responsibilities of the ethics committees, the investigator, and the sponsor. This brief review discusses the impact of the guideline on trial conduct and the challenges of implementation in India.
Association between inhaled corticosteroid use and risk of hyperglycemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kholis Fathur Nur , Pratama Kevin Gracia , Hadiyanto Jessica Novia
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have a higher risk of developing diabetes, and studies suggest that inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) use may be associated with a higher risk of diabetes, particularly at higher doses. This study aims to investigate the effects of ICS use on the risk of diabetes and blood glucose levels in COPD patients.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic search was carried out on the PubMed, EBSCOhost, and ProQuest databases using the terms “Inhaled Corticosteroids,” “Diabetes,” and “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease” for the period between 2013 and 2023. The systematic review adhered to the PRISMA 2020 guideline. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model using the RevMan 5 software.

Results:

A total of 14 studies were included in the final analysis, with 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 4 observational studies. Two observational studies investigated the relationship between ICS dose and diabetes risk. A meta-analysis of the RCTs studies showed a nonstatistically significant tendency toward increased blood glucose (odds ratio [OR] 1.07 and 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88–1.30) after a 52-week follow-up. Whereas the observational studies showed a tendency toward an increased risk of diabetes (OR 1.40 and 95% CI 0.96–2.03). Furthermore, a subgroup meta-analysis of high-dose ICS (>900 mg/day) showed a significant increase in the risk of diabetes (OR 1.20 and 95% CI 1.09–1.32).

Conclusion:

Short-term use of ICS does not have a significant effect on blood glucose. However, long-term use, especially at higher doses, can increase the risk of developing diabetes.
Incommensurability Explained in the Terms of Presuppositions. A Comment to Kuhn’s Thesis on Radical Meaning Variance
Authors: Grobler Adam
Published: October 2023

Kuhn’s radical meaning variance thesis implies that scientists, who work in different paradigms cannot understand each other. This, however, seems incredible. The air of paradox can be dispersed once the role of presuppositions in constituting a paradigm is acknowledged. Presuppositions function in the way of the Wittgensteinian ungrounded hinges and often are only implicitly assumed. In the face of recalcitrant puzzles some presuppositions can be made explicit and revised. The mechanism of possible revisions of presuppositions can be accounted for in terms of Hintikka’s interrogative model of scientific inquiry with some amendments.
The model includes three possible reactions to an anomaly: (i) a conservative offer of an auxiliary hypothesis within the current paradigm, (ii) a reinterpretation of puzzling experimental results and non-revolutionary enrichment of the current paradigm with a novel hypothesis, and (iii) a revision of presuppositions that amounts to a full-fledged scientific revolution. The choice depends on the success or failure of more conservative alternatives and the scope of application of the theory under investigation. In the proposed approach, incommensurability does not hinder communication between the proponents of different paradigms. In addition, some other controversial points in Kuhn’s views are explained, like Kuhn’s losses, reproaching conservative attitudes towards anomalies, or the admissibility or inadmissibility of the coexistence of rival paradigms. Last but not least, a link between a paradigm shift and the strive for truth is established.
An Update of the Paper, ‘On known and less known relations of Leonhard Euler with Poland’ (DOI: 10.4467/23921749SHS.16.005.6148)
Authors: Girininkaitė Veronika , Kleinert Andreas , Sznajder Roman
Published: October 2023

In this note we publish a short letter from Leonhard Euler’s son, Johann Albrecht Euler, the Secretary of the Imperial Academy in St. Petersburg, to Marcin Poczobutt-Odlanicki, the Vilnius astronomer. The fate of this letter seemed unknown, but we know its content now. The main news in this correspondence was the discovery of a comet by the astronomer Anders Johan Lexell.
Reductionism Debate in Molecular Biology: Max Delbrück’s Complementarity Approach
Authors: Balorda Vito
Published: October 2023

In this paper, I address Max Delbrück’s conceptual and experimental importance for molecular biology (henceforth MB) origins. In particular, his complementarity approach and its anti-reductive implications on the (epistemic) reductionism debate in MB.
Regarding Delbrück’s conceptual and experimental importance, I examine his influence on the development of MB by exploring a shift of his interests from physics to biology. Particularly, I outline his central role in “The Phage Group”, the informal group of scientists examining the origin of hereditary life using bacteriophages as their experimental model of choice. Delbrück and “The Phage Group” greatly influenced the development of MB, which culminated with the shared 1969 Nobel Prize for the discoveries regarding replication mechanism and genetic structure of viruses.
Moreover, I examine Delbrück’s complementarity approach towards biological explanations. The complementarity in biology assumes that “biological phenomena might require the employment of descriptions that are mutually exclusive yet jointly necessary for understanding life processes” (McKaughan 2011, p. 11). I explore Delbrück’s complementarity approach, in particular the debate between the reductive and anti-reductive interpretations of it. I argue for the latter interpretation by suggesting that Delbrück advanced an anti-reductive view towards biological explanations by advocating for independent status of explanations of various biological disciplines. Furthermore, I address the complementarity approach in the light of the anti-reductive interpretation in the recent developments in MB, particularly, the potentiality of finding the complementarity approach in systems biology, epigenetics, and boundary selection.
The Completed List of Polish Historical Journals Based on the Journal Evaluation Model Developed by the Pracownia Naukoznawstwa IHN PAN
Authors: Kozłowska Dorota
Published: October 2023

The article is a result of the work started in 2022 and aimed at creating “The List of Polish historical journals, rated by the Pracownia Naukoznawstwa IHN PAN (Science Studies and Science-of-Science Divion of the Institute for History of Science, Polish Academy of Sciences)”. The list contains an integrated and transparent technico-bibliometric evaluation of journals.
The article presents the results of the review of 216 Polish journals in the field of history and archival science, in terms of their technical and bibliometric achievements, as evaluated by the Pracownia Naukoznawstwa IHN PAN (2021) on a scale of 0–200 points.
The results were compared with the ministerial scores according to the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021 and July 17, 2023.
Development of methylene blue imprinted silica for detecting arsenic ions in aqueous solution
Authors: Park Yun Hwan , Kim Hyun Soo , Choi Jeong Sik , Park Jaewon , Choi Jong-Soon , Choi Yoon-E
Published: October 2023

Arsenic pollution is caused by industrial activities of human beings such as the mineral product manufacturing industry and metal industries. Arsenic pollution can cause nervous system and cardiovascular diseases in humans and destroy various water-based ecosystems. So far, different chemical analysis equipment is being utilized to carry out measurements of arsenic. However, conventional chemical analysis techniques are restricted by their needs for large or expensive equipment, which prevents convenient and rapid measurement. Here, we show that convenient measurements of arsenic can be conducted through the utilization of silica that has been modified with methylene blue molecules (MB-Silica). Several studies have reported that the interaction of methylene blue (MB) with arsenic in aqueous solution leads to color variations caused by oxidation-reduction reactions. Taking these alterations in colors into consideration, we have developed a convenient approach for arsenic detection by synthesizing MB-Silica. Furthermore, by varying the MB concentration during synthesis, arsenic ions can be detected with various concentration gradients, validating the feasibility of aqueous arsenic detection. Since the possibility of detecting arsenic using MB-silica, developed in this study, was successfully confirmed, it is anticipated that the MB-silica will be extensively used to detect arsenic in the field.
Financial Feasibility Analysis of Cenderawasih University Teaching Hospital Building Project
Authors: Suliswanto Muhamad , Rusim Dewi Ana , Safanpo Apolo
Published: October 2023

Acceleration of development in the 3T (Forefront, Outermost and Disadvantaged) areas is the main goal of the government in supporting economic equality and educational services in the land of Papua. So that Cenderawasih University as an extension of the government plans to build a Teaching Hospital to support the activities and development of Cenderawasih University graduates and carry out health services, research and community services. In this study to analyze the feasibility of this teaching hospital project using the NPV (Net Preset Value), BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio), IRR (Internal Rate Ratio), BEP (Break Even Point) and sensitivity analysis methods to determine whether the hospital The project is feasible or not feasible but it is hoped that the results of the analysis are positive.
The Influence of the Work Environment and Promotion on Job Satisfaction of BPN West Aceh Employees
Authors: Wandira Riana
Published: October 2023

This survey was conducted at the West Aceh BPN Office located in Jl. Swadaya, Meulaboh, and West Aceh. With the aim of discouraging the consequences of environmental conditions and promotions for the enjoyment of the work of BPN Aceh West personnel. In the population survey all personnel of the BPN Aceh west totaling 37 people. Determination of the sample using the saturated sampling method with all the population being sampled so the number of samples in this survey is 37 people. In this survey, the researcher applies an associative quantitative design. Materials are obtained by distributing questionnaires in the form of questions to be answered by the respondent. Assessment of data using multiple linear regression analysis. Source of data comes from primary data, Data obtained directly from respondents. The results of this survey prove that the environment and promotion either partially or simultaneously have a positive and significant impact on employee satisfaction at the west BPN Aceh office. With the results of the determinant coefficient being able to explain the environment and promotion of employee satisfaction as much as 64.5% the remaining 35.5% was obtained from other factors and was not examined in this survey model.
Strategies and Segments on the Performance of Retail Companies in Indonesia during the Covid Pandemic
Authors: Sihite Mombang , Ahmar Nurmala , Sunhayati Yuyun
Published: October 2023

The abstract contains a brief description of the purpose: describes the objectives and hypotheses of the research. Methods: describes the essential features of the research design, data, and analysis. It may include the sample size, geographic location, demographics, variables, controls, conditions, tests, descriptions of research design, details of sampling techniques, and data gathering procedures. Results: describes the key findings of the study, including experimental, correlational, or theoretical results. It may also provide a brief explanation of the results. Implications: show how the results connect to policy and practice and provide suggestions for follow-up, future studies, or further analysis. Additional materials: notes the number of references, tables, graphs, exhibits, test instruments, appendixes, or other supplemental materials in the paper. Also, the abstract must be written in a single paragraph in English, max 250 words.
16th Century Sundanese Royal Trade
Authors: Arifia Sariat , Zichem Randy Van , Arsyad Arsyad , Sulfemi Wahyu Bagja , Zuchron Daniel
Published: October 2023

This article aims to clarify the existence of the Sundanese scientifically in an authoritative form, namely a kingdom that has a clear scope of territory, power and authority so that the Sundanese have the ability to carry out trade, especially in the 16th century and apart from colonial historiographical architecture, that the Sundanese only did cultural activities, mystical, marginalized, have no trade records. The research method used is the historical method which includes five stages of work, namely heuristics, field visits, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Grounded Theory is also used as a research methodology approach. Research in the field is used as an effort to reconstruct historical architecture that is clean from the influence of stories of pitting against one another carried out by colonialism. The results of this study indicate that even though the Sundanese are known to have a strong culture, the strong Sundanese trading side was "darkened" along with the Mastery of Sunda Kelapa which had changed its name to "Jaya-karta" and was changed to "Batavia" for hundreds of years. Colonization uses a narrative of pitting one against the other, so that it is as if the Sunda Kingdom never existed, never had trade partners, and only existed culturally.
Public Complaint Services: How Designing Integrated Services for Websites, Email and Social Media Can Increase Public Trust
Authors: Maulana Yono , Hurriyati Ratih , Hidayat Firman
Published: October 2023

Analyzing and identifying potential improvements in public complaint services in Indonesia through designing and integrating integrated Dumas Presisi services involving websites, email and social media. This research uses a quantitative and qualitative approach with case studies as the main method. Data was collected through online surveys, interviews via electronic messaging and documentation analysis used to support this research. The results of the research can be concluded that 42.30% of the public consider Dumas Presisi to be quite fast in responding to complaints with good follow-up quality, with the ease of use of the Dumas Presisi application being quite good, able to give confidence to the public that their reports will be followed up, speed, easy data transactions and the security provided makes people feel comfortable when using the Dumas Presisi application.
Some Judges' Considerations in Deciding Marriage Dispensation Cases
Authors: Kholis M Nur , Muhibbin Moh.
Published: October 2023

There are many reasons behind the occurrence of early marriages in Rembang, including the factor of being pregnant first with the background of uncontrolled social relations, so that the parents of both parties agreed and submitted a request for dispensation to the Rembang Religious Court to be able to get a decision from the Judge allowing them to marry in Rembang. Age that does not yet meet the applicable laws in Indonesia. This research was carried out using sampling, analysis, primary, secondary and tertiary data techniques where the research was carried out by interviewing, reviewing, collecting data, and searching for data related to the problem, which was made into a theory in this writing. And also this research was obtained from a study (Library research) or Normative. From the collected data it was analyzed using the Empirical method. So the resulting research shows that basically early marriages are carried out because there are things that parents feel require them to marry their children at an age that does not meet the provisions of the law. There are many factors behind the existence of early marriage in Rembang, which according to researchers, all of these reasons lead to undesirable things, if a person is not immediately married.