bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SEMEN SEBAGAI BAHAN STABILISASI TANAH LEMPUNG LUNAK DI DAERAH GROBOGAN PURWODADI
Authors: Hariyanto Hariyanto , Jatmiko Suluh
Published: February 2022

Geographically Indonesia is located in the tropics, with conditions like this in the rainy season there will be high rainfall and in the dry season there will be hot weather. Weather changes result in repeated cycles of wetting and drying, so that the soil will experience changes in soil volume due to changes in water content. In such problems, special treatment of subgrade which has soft properties is needed. In this case the researcher will use cement as a soil stabilization material in the Grobogan, Purwodadi. The results obtained from the research: classification of Active clays (Montmorilonite), because the soil activity is more than 1, namely> 2.35%. From variations of mixing 0%, 17%, and 23% produce water content (w) of 21.820%, density (Gs) of 2.128%, dry weight (γd) of 1.43% shrinkage limit (SL) of 10.56%. Atterberg Limits limit with liquid limit value (LL) of 77.30% and plastic limit (PL) of 60.00%, plasticity index (PI) value of 17.30%. The relationship between OMC and MDD of native soil was obtained by maximum dry weight of 1.432 gr / cm3 at optimum water content of 10.320%. From the results of 17% soil + cement testing the optimum water content value was 8% and the maximum dry weight was 1.65 gr / cm3. From the results of 23% cement + soil testing, the optimum water content was 13% and the maximum dry weight was 1.6 gr / cm3.
STUDI ETNOFARMAKOLOGI TUMBUHAN SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL UNTUK PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT HIPERLIPIDEMIA DI KECAMATAN DAYEUHLUHUR KABUPATEN CILACAP
Authors: Diniatik Diniatik - , Lestari Deby Inda , Galistiani Githa Fungie
Published: February 2022

Pemanfaatan tumbuhan di Indonesia sudah dilakukan  secara turun temurun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari salah satunya sebagai pengobatan.Semakin meningkatnya pertumbuhan penduduk dan perkembangan sosial budaya akan menurunkan perluasan hutan dan pengetahuan dalam pengobatan tradisional. Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) yang secara global PTM penyebab kematian nomor satu adalah penyakit kardiovaskuler yang disebabkan oleh gangguan fungsi jantung dan pembuluh darah. Gangguan Kardiovaskular merupakan salah satu golongan penyakit yang menjadi perhatian dan prioritas dalam pencegahan dan penanggulangan penyakit di Kabupaten Cilacap. Pada penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan dan cara pengolahan tumbuhan pada penyakit stroke di Kecamatan Dayeuhluhur Kabupaten Cilacap. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan dilanjutkan kajian etnofarmakologis dengan teknik wawancara semi struktur .Total responden adalah 59 responden pada penelitian ini adalah pengobat tradisional (BATTRA) di Kecamatan Dayeuhluhur Kabupaten Cilacap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 24 suku tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai penyakit hiperlipidemia. Suku tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu Acanthaceae dan Annonaceae masing-masing sebanyak (12,5%) dan yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu (Annona muricata L.) sebagai obat tradisional untuk pencegahan penyakit hiperlipidemia di Kecamatan Dayeuhluhur Kabupaten Cilacap dan cara pengolahan tumbuhan sebagai obat tradisional paling banyak digunakan dengan cara direbus (55,81%.) di Kecamatan Dayeuhluhur Kabupaten Cilacap.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PERENCANAAN TEBAL PERKERASAN KAKU DENGAN METODE BINA MARGA 2003 DAN METODE AASHTO 1993 (Studi Kasus : Jalan Raya Blora Cepu, KM 21+000-KM 22+400 Kabupaten Blora Jawa Tengah)
Authors: Hariyanto Hariyanto , Setyaningsih Setyaningsih , Bambang Bambang
Published: February 2022

Road pavement planning on the Blora-Cepu highway, Blora Regency is an effort to increase the capacity and quality of road services which aims to improve the smoothness, comfort and safety of driving on the road, increasing economic growth, industry and infrastructure in Blora Regency. apart from the increase in population from year to year and influenced by the movement of human and goods mobility both in the city center and in the region, so that road improvement in Blora Regency is important in supporting the smooth running of transportation and other fields. In order to solve this problem, in this case the researcher tries to analyze the thickness of the rigid pavement on the Blora-Cepu road section using the 2003 Bina Marga method and the AASHTO 1993 method. Raya Blora-Cepu KM 21 + 000 - KM 22 + 400 Blora Regency, Central Java Province, the thickness of the pavement concrete slab using the Bina Marga 2003 method is 20,200 cm and the pavement planning using the AASHTO 1993 method is 20.828 cm or 0.628 cm different. The thickness of the sub-base layer is 12.5 cm above the subgrade.
PENERAPAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR UNTUK MENDIAGNOSA PENYAKIT MENULAR PADA BALITA
Authors: Muntari Siti , Gusmaliza Debi
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sistem pakar dengan menggunakan metode Certainty Factor. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi bahwa penyakit menular ialah penyakit yang disebabkan  oleh mikroorganisme dan  dapat ditularkan melalui sentuhan, udara dan lainnya. Ketiadaan informasi tentang penyakit berbahaya, terutama yang menyerang anak kecil, menjadi masalah dan menyulitkan wali untuk memperkirakan infeksi yang akan diderita anak mereka. Sistem Pakar adalah seorang spesialis atau seseorang yang memahami dalam bidang tertentu yang menggunakan informasi, realitas dan strategi berpikir dalam menangani kejadian yang lazimnya cuma bisa diselesaikan bagi seseorang spesialis. Kemudian, dibuatlah sistem pakar yang bisa mendukung saat mendiagnose dan membantu pengobatan sesuai dengan penyakit yang dialami sehingga wali tidak perlu bertatap muka langsung dengan spesialis. Certainty Faktor Kepastian dipilih karena teknik ini digunakan untuk memastikan nilai keyakinan. Model pengembangan mengunakan metode Waterfall yang terdiri dari analisa, desain, pengkodean, pengujian dan pemeliharaan. Pengujian ini menggunakan black box testing  dengan hasil skor 4,0 dari expert riview dan 3,7 dari implementasi rekapitulasi betha dengan kategori valid kemudian dapat dihasilkan sistem penerapan metode Certainty Factor  untuk mendiagnosa penyakit menular pada balita.
PENERAPAN METODE SIMPLE ADDICTIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) UNTUK MENENTUKAN KELAYAKAN PENERIMA BEASISWA KARTU INDONESIA PINTAR (KIP) KULIAH
Authors: Sasmita Sasmita , Arif Alfis
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis review means to deliver a choice emotionally supportive network utilizing the Simple Addicitive Weighting (SAW) technique to decide the qualification of KIP College grant beneficiaries. The foundation of this exploration is that in deciding the beneficiaries of the KIP Lecture grants, STT Pagar Alam actually utilizes the ordinary framework, to be specific planned understudies gather documents and step through different exams, then, at that point, understudy information will be contrasted and the measures individually. Choice emotionally supportive network is a PC based data framework to help people in settling on a choice. The improvement strategy utilized is Waterfall which comprises of examination, plan, coding, testing and upkeep/support. The Simple Addictive Weighting (SAW) strategy will be applied in settling on this choice emotionally supportive network. This strategy was picked on the grounds that this technique decides the weight an incentive for each characteristic, then, at that point, continues with positioning which will choose the best option from various other options. This choice emotionally supportive network was made utilizing the PHP programming language with the codeigniter 3 structure. Testing this framework utilizing discovery testing with a score of 3.6 from master survey and 3.8 from the execution of beta restatement with substantial classifications so a framework for carrying out the Simple Addictive Weighting technique can be delivered. SAW) to decide the qualification of the beneficiaries of the KIP College grants.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN DAYA DUKUNG PONDASI TIANG PANCANG PADA TANAH LUNAK DENGAN METODE MANUAL DAN ELEMEN HINGGA SAP 2000
Authors: Crista Ngudi Hari , Widorini Trias , Purnijanto Bambang
Published: February 2022

Various types of concrete piles with dimensions of square, triangle, or circle are produced to be used as deep foundations. To get a solid superstructure, a foundation with a high bearing capacity is needed, the bearing capacity of the pile depends on local soil conditions, but if the soil is soft soil, an investigation is needed to determine the carrying capacity. The research was conducted to obtain the carrying capacity of the pile by means of manual calculations which will then be compared with calculations using SAP 2000 version 14. Soil data analyzed were sondir and boring data which were the results of the laboratory in the form of soft soil data which would be analyzed manually with took a sample of rectangular type piles with materials from K-600 concrete. From the research results obtained square stakes with dimensions of 20 x 20 cm which were analyzed with Sondir data, Boring data, and analysis based on SAP 2000 software, the relative carrying capacity values were the same, namely 13.18 tons and 13.31 tons, but for analysis using power software support the pile is higher with a value of 15.62 tons. At the dimensions of the stake 25 x 25 cm and 30 x 30 cm the value of the carrying capacity still tends to be the same as the value of 17.06 tons and 18.64 tons for the dimensions of 25 x 25 and the value of the carrying capacity of 21.17 tons and 24.76 tons from the analysis results. dimensions of 30 x 30 cm but there is already a difference in carrying capacity but relatively small, for the calculation of the software still produces a larger carrying capacity value, namely 22.24 tons and 29.95 tons, while for fishing rods with dimensions of 45 x45 cm, it has a pile bearing capacity, especially with analysis SAP 2000 software produces a relatively large carrying capacity value of 73.69 tons so that it can be concluded that the manual calculation to obtain the bearing capacity of the pile. The value is smaller than the calculation in the SAP 2000 software.
The Necessity of One Year into The Acqusition Condition Where Money is Turned into Fast Investment
Authors: DEMİREL Muhsin
Published: February 2022

Bir malda zekâtın vacip olması için bir takım şartlar gereklidir. Bu şartlardan biri de malın üzerinden kamerî bir yılın geçmesidir ki buna Türkçede yıllanma denmektedir. Bu şart belli bir süre zarfında ancak nemasını veren hayvanlar
ve ticaret eşyası gibi mallarda gerekli, kendisi nema olan toprak mahsulleri ve meyveler gibi mallarda gerekli değildir. Yeni ele geçen paranın zekâtında bu şartın gerekli oluşu konusunda ihtilaf söz konusudur. Yıllanma şartının
gerekli olduğuna dair âyet bulunmamakta, konu hadis rivayetleri ve sahabe görüşlerine dayanmaktadır. Konuyla ilgili aynı anlama gelen dört hadis rivayeti bulunmaktadır. Ancak bu hadislerin sıhhati sübut bulmadığından sahabe konu
üzerinde icma etmemiş, konuyla ilgili sahabeden iki görüş nakledilmiştir. Sahabenin ekseriyeti yıllanma şartını gerekli görürken, bir kısmı da gerekli görmemiş, kişinin eline bir nisap miktarı mal geçince yıllanmasını beklemeden
zekâtının verilmesi gerektiğini söylemiştir. Üçüncü bir görüşe göre ise kişi şayet yıl içinde kazandığı parasını harcamayıp yılsonunda zekâtını veriyorsa bunun bir mahzuru yoktur, ancak yılsonunu beklemeden parasını harcamak istiyorsa,
parası da bir nisap miktarı veya daha fazla ise parasını harcamadan zekâtını vermesi gerekir.
Pembimbingan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Rumput Laut Sederhana dan Pentingnya Kualitas Sanitasi Lingkungan dalam Rangka Pencegahan Stunting
Authors: Eka Sunarwidhi Prasedya  , Dewi Puspitorini Husodo  , Angga Susmana Abidin  , Nanda Sofian Hadi Kurniawan  , Bq Tri Khairina Ilhami  , Indah Alibiah Putri Kirana  , Aluh Nikmatullah  , Sri Widyastuti  , Ahmad Jupri
Published: February 2022

Rumput laut coklat Nusa Tenggara Barat, seperti Sargassum dan Turbinaria yang melimpah keberadaannya diketahui mengandung hormonpertumbuhan tanaman dengan kadar yang cukup tinggi. Penggunaan pupuk kimia yang berlebihan pada budidaya tanaman menyebabkan meningkatnyabiaya produksi, menurunkan kesuburan tanah, dan mencemari lingkungan yang berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi kesehatan dankeamanan pangan. Oleh karena itu, substitusi pupuk kimia dan perangsang tumbuh sintetis dengan bahan alam. merupakan solusi terbaik untukmengatasi masalah tersebut. Substitusi pupuk organik akan menurunkan kontaminasi bahan kimia berbahaya pada air tanah sehingga kualitas sanitasair dan lingkungan dapat dibenahi. Menjaga kebersihan sanitasi dan memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih merupakah salah satu tindakan pencegahanstunting yang digalakkan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan. Desa Puyung menjadi target dalam program ini mengingat prevalensi kejadian gizikurang dan stunting di wilayah tersebut terbilang cukup tinggi dan memerlukan perhatian. Terlebih Desa Puyung merupakan salah satu desabinaan Universitas Mataram. Program ini dikemas dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan demonstrasi serta pembimbingan langkah-langkah aplikasipupuk organik berbahan dasar rumput laut NTB. Materi edukatif disampaikan oleh tiga orang narasumber yaitu Eka Sunarwidhi Prasedya, M.Sc., Ph.D., dan Dr. H. Ahmad Jupri, M.Eng selaku perwakilan Pusat Unggulan IPTEK Biosains dan Bioteknologi Universitas Mataram, serta dr. Dewi Puspitorini Husodo, Sp.An. selaku pimpinan CV. Organik Medika Biotek yang menjadi mitra dalam kegiatan kali ini. Materi penyuluhan edukatif yang disampaikan meliputi substansi berikut : (1) Eksplorasi rumput laut sebagai bahan dasar pupuk organik; (2) Peran pengaplikasian PORL dalam langkah preventif pencegahan stunting; (3) Tahapan pembuatan PORL sederhana.
Peningkatan Ketahanan Keluarga Dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 Melalui Vaksin dan Pembuatan Ramuan Herbal Peningkat Sistem Imun
Authors: Asih Triastuti  , Nugraha Arde Toga , Riyanto  , Yon Haryanto
Published: February 2022

Sejak ditetapkan sebagai pandemi oleh WHO, Covid-19 secara nyata telah mengubah perilaku dan cara hidup masyarakat dunia dan sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini berimplikasi terhadap ketahanan keluarga. Ketahanan keluarga yang baik akan berdampak baik terhadap kapasitas keluarga menghadapi berbagai dampak dan perubahan akibat pandemi dan pascapandemi. Berbagai laporan menyatakan bahwa pemberdayaan komunitas merupakan kunci keberhasilan menghadapi pandemi. Komunitas yang memiliki budaya kesehatan, basis pendidikan dan sosial yang baik akan berhasil merespon, menelaah, dan menghadapi pandemi (dan masalah kesehatan/sosial lain yang mungkin muncul) dengan strategi yang terukur dan dapat berperan aktif dalam mendukung kebijakan pemerintah.

Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk membangun masyarakat yang sehat jasmani dan rohani, berpendidikan, dan berbudaya sehat. Mitra pada pengabdian ini adalah masyarakat dusun Pucung-Umbulsari yang terletak 24 km dari Kampus Universitas Islam Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil need assesment awal yang telah dilakukan oleh pengusul dan pamong masyarakat (ketua RT dan RW), dilaksanakan kegiatan promosi vaksin covid-19 dan pembuatan ramuan herbal untuk meningkatkan sistem imun. Kegiatan yang dilakukan merupakan bagian dari proses community recovery untuk menangani permasalahan selama pandemi dan untuk menyiapkan masyarakat beradaptasi pada kebiasaan baru. Kegiatan promosi kesehatan dan pelatihan dilakukan dengan tetap menerapkan protokol kesehatan.  

Dampak sosial yang terukur dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah adanya peningkatan kesadaran warga akan pentingnya vaksin Covid-19 untuk mencegah prevelensi dan kesakitan akibat covid-19 Selain itu, kemampuan warga dalam membuat ramuan herbal untuk meningkatkan sistem imun juga telah meningkat dan ada inisiasi dari ibu PKK untuk membuat ramuan secara berkelompok.
Pengelolaan Sampah Melalui Pendidikan Kesadaran Bersih Lingkungan Sebagai Strategi Mitigasi Bencana di Desa Seriwe
Authors: Aftina Rabbani  , Annisa Sabrina  , Arfaigah  , Ayu Larasati  , Dita Kusnulyaningsih  , Qanita Handayani6
Published: February 2022

Penumpukan sampah secara terus-menerus akan menyebabkan pencemaran yang akan memberi dampak buruk bagi lingkungan serta kehidupan manusia disekitarnya. Pelaksanaan Sosialisasi Pendidikan Kesadaran sampah diperlukan untuk  meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap kebersihan lingkungan agar dapat menciptakan lingkungan yang bersih dan nyaman serta dapat menghindari akan terjadinya kerugian-kerugian akibat lingkungan yang kotor di masa mendatang. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan sosialisasi ini adalah metode    penyuluhan, Diskusi dan Aksi Lapangan . Umumnya masyarakat belum memahami cara mengelola sampah dengan baik, namun dengan adanya Sosialisasi tersebut masyarakat lebih memahami alternatif pengelolaan sampah, penyediaan bank sampah, dan pemilahan jenis sampah yang dapat mengurangi dampak bencana yang ditimpulkan karena faktor sampah sehingga masyarakat merespon positif dengan dilaksanakannya kegiatan ini. Sehingga kegiatan ini bermanfaat menambah pengetahuan masyarakat serta membentuk lembaga koordinasi untuk keberlanjutan program Pengelolaan Sampah di Desa Seriwe, Jerowaru Lombok Timur.
The Effect of Family Functioning on Aggressive Behavior in Adolescents in Medan City
Authors: Indriani Fatma , Sutatminingsih Raras , Ervika Eka
Published: February 2022

Aggressive behavior in adolescents is an issue that is of concern to mental health practitioners and educators. Aggressive behavior is often found in big cities. Aggressive behavior in adolescents also occurs in the city of Medan. Several previous studies have shown that there is a relationship between family factors and aggressive behavior. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of family functioning on aggressive behavior in adolescents in the city of Medan. Data were obtained from 263 middle-aged adolescents who lived in the city of Medan with an age range of 15-18 years. Sampling was done by using a non-random sampling technique, namely the incidental sampling technique. In this study, data collection was carried out using a scale as a measuring tool, namely the aggressive behavior scale and the family functioning scale. Data were analyzed using simple regression method. The results showed that there was a negative influence of family functioning on aggressive behavior. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the healthier the functioning of the family owned by adolescents, the lower the tendency to display aggressive behavior and vice versa, the more unhealthy the functioning of the family, the higher the tendency to engage in aggressive behavior. in adolescents. The suggestion from this research is that parents and adolescents can build and establish a harmonious relationship and play a good role according to their respective roles in order to create a family that can function healthily which will have an impact on decreasing aggressive behavior
A 0/1-Dimensional Numerical Analysis of Performance and Emission Characteristics of the Conversion of Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine to Spark-Ignition Natural Gas Engine
Authors: AKTAŞ Fatih
Published: February 2022

Increasing air pollution has brought about the search for alternative fuels instead of conventional fuels. It is aimed to make existing internal combustion engines work with alternative fuels with the least structural changes. Natural gas (NG) is one of the most recent alternative fuel studies because it is both cheaper and more environmen-tally friendly. In this study, it was aimed to minimize the dependence on petroleum-based fuels by enabling an existing compression ignition (CI) engine to operate with spark ignition with NG. For this reason, in heavy-duty diesel engine; It was modeled as 0/1-dimensional with spark plug assembly instead of diesel injector and low-pressure NG fuel injector mounted on the intake manifold. Afterwards, the perfor-mance, combustion characteristics, and emission values of the engine, which were converted to NG, were compared with the experimentally validated diesel model. In addition to the comparisons made under similar conditions, the effects of start of combustion (SOC) time and Air/Fuel (A/F) ratio changes in NG use were performed parametrically. In the same conditions, it was observed that the power, fuel con-sumption, and efficiency of the engine increased in NG fuel use compared to diesel fuel use. However, with the parametric studies in NG use, an improvement of 84.5% was achieved in NOX emission without any performance loss compared to diesel use.
Assessing Impact of New Education Policy 2020 on Institutional Factors of Work Life Balance among Faculty in HEIs
Authors: Singh Shamsher
Published: February 2022

Government of India, in its higher education policy 2020 handbook has mentioned that despite various improvements in the status of the academic profession, faculty motivation in terms of teaching, research, and service in Heis remains far lower than the desired level. The study deals with five institutional factors of work life balance of faculty members in Hei’s with the aim to access the impact of new education policy 2020 on them. Data from 104 faculty members was collected through structured questionnaire and was evaluated on five subscales – recruitment & career progression, work environment, job autonomy, performance analysis and rewards & recognitions. The reliability of the scale was tested using cronbach alpha. To access the outcome and relationship of these factors least square method was used which indicated that these factors play a significant role in job engagement, satisfaction and motivation of faculty members which in tern effect positively on their work life balance. These factors lie behind low faculty motivation levels and must be addressed to ensure that each faculty member is happy, enthusiastic, engaged, and motivated towards advancing her/his students, institution, and profession.
A Hybrid Model of MEMD and PSO-LSSVR for Steel Price Forecasting
Authors: Shyu Yih-Wen , Chang Chen-Chia
Published: February 2022

Herein, we propose a novel hybrid method for forecasting steel prices by modeling nonlinearity and time variations together to enhance forecasting adaptability. The multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD)–ensemble-EMD (EEMD) approach was employed for preprocessing to separate the nonlinear and time variation components of a hot-rolled coil (HRC) price return series, and a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) approach and a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model were applied to capture the nonlinear and time variation characteristics of steel returns, respectively. The empirical results revealed that compared with the traditional models, the proposed hybrid method yields superior forecasting performance for HRC returns. The evidence also suggested that in capturing the price dynamics of HRC during the COVID-19 pandemic period, the asymmetric GARCH model with MEMD–LSSVR outperformed not only standard GARCH models but also the EEMD-LSSVR models. The proposed MEMD–LSSVR–GARCH model for steel price forecasting provides a useful decision support tool for steelmakers and consumers to evaluate steel price trends.
Assessment of the Static Stability Margin and Voltage Profile Improvement in the SOUTH-SNEL PowerNetwork using a SVC under MATLAB / PSAT Environment
Authors: MBURASEK Daniel , KYONI Idriss , MUSIMBI Odon
Published: February 2022

The huge increase in the demand of electric power and the economic constraints to build new facilities, lead the power systems to operate near of their stability limits. Indeed, instability has become a major problem in the management of power systems. Unavoidable disturbances such as short circuits, momentary unavailability of transmission lines, generators as well as transformers can affect the stability of the power system at any time and bring it into a state of instability or collapse. These collapses become a major problem for energy consumers, because the lack of energy leads them to use backup energy sources that are relatively expensive and polluting. This situation lowers the productivity of the industry, and for the national electric company of the Congo, (SNEL), the time to get rid of the magnetization of the network and to take all the loads, can generate penalties, which is a loss of revenue for the company. This paper aims to assess the stability margin and to improve the quality of electrical energy in the south-SNEL transmission system.
Indian Plate paleogeography, subduction, and horizontal underthrusting below Tibet: paradoxes, controvercies, and opportunities
Authors: van Hinsbergen Douwe
Published: February 2022

The India-Asia collision zone is the archetype to calibrate geological responses of continent-continent collision, but hosts a paradox: there is no orogen-wide geological record of oceanic subduction after initial collision around 60-55 Ma, yet thousands of kilometers of post-collisional subduction occurred before arrival of unsubductable continental lithosphere that currently horizontally underlies Tibet. I show that kinematically restoring incipient horizontal underthrusting accurately predicts geologically estimated diachronous slab break-off, unlocking the Miocene of Himalaya-Tibet as natural laboratory for unsubductable lithosphere convergence. Additionally, three end-member paleogeographic scenarios exist with different predictions for the nature of post-collisional subducting lithosphere but each is defended and challenged based on similar data types. Here, I attempt at breaking through this impasse by identifying how the three paleogeographic scenario each challenge paradigms in geodynamics, orogenesis, magmatism, or paleogeographic reconstruction and identify opportunities for methodological advances in paleomagnetism, sediment provenance analysis, and seismology to conclusively constrain Greater Indian paleogeography.
Prevalence of Anaemia among Patients attending Central Laboratory at a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal
Authors: Jha Krishna Kumar , Regmi Dipesh
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: Anaemia is a very common problem in developing country like Nepal among children’s and young females. It is necessary to detect haemoglobin at early stage to know about anaemia. Anaemia in female causes dizziness and loss of concentration, which may lead to fall down and cause severe injury. In pregnant woman anaemia leads to developmental delay in children. In anaemic pregnant females, loss of blood during delivery can cause complications and even death of mother and foetus. In children iron deficiency anaemia may cause loss of concentration, developmental delay and delay in maturity of brain.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out at Rapti Academy of Health Sciences from 1st March 2019 to 1st April 2019. A total of 1000 samples which came in central laboratory on regular basis were taken and Mindray 5 part hematology analyzer was used to evaluate the samples. In samples with low haemoglobin count, peripheral smear examination was done to determine the type of anaemia.

RESULTS: Patient blood samples were taken irrespective of age and sex. Out of the total 1000 cases from various Outpatient departments of Rapti Academy of Health Sciences, 240 (24%) patients were anaemic.

CONCLUSIONS: Anaemia is a major problem worldwide and the most common anaemia is microcytic hypochromic anaemia, especially iron deficiency anaemia followed by megaloblatic anaemia and hemolytic anaemia. Thus, it is necessary to do haemoglobin count and stool examination of woman in hilly regions on a regular basis, which will be helpful to avoid further anaemia related complications.
Phototherapy Induced Hypocalcemia in Icteric Newborns Attending Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Morang, Nepal
Authors: Jha Chandra Bhushan , Subedi Ram Bhakta
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: Neonatal jaundice is the single most common abnormal physical finding and the cause of morbidity in first week of life. It is commonly managed by phototherapy with its inherent complications. A lesser known side effect, but a potential complication of phototherapy is hypocalcemia. This study was done to determine the prevalence of phototherapy induced hypocalcemia in icteric newborns and to compare it between preterm and term babies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Paediatrics, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from 1st September 2020 to 1st March 2021. This study was performed on 201 icteric newborns (121 term and 80 preterm) who were managed with phototherapy. Serum calcium level was estimated both before initiating phototherapy and after 24 hours of continued phototherapy. All the data were recorded in a structured proforma. Data was analysed using SPSS version 16 and p -value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: Male newborns (n=133; 66.2%) outnumbered the female newborns (n=68; 33.8%). Majority of neonates were in the age group of 1-5 days (n=156; 77.6%), with mean age of 4.50± 3.39 days. 7.9% (16 out of 201) of the neonates exhibited phototherapy induced hypocalcemia. The prevalence of hypocalcemia in preterm was 10% and term neonates was 6.6%.

CONCLUSIONS: Hypocalcemia is a significant problem in icteric newborns treated with phototherapy. Hence there is a need for close monitoring of serum calcium levels in the icteric neonates. Also the risk is greater in preterm neonates as compared to the term neonates.
Willingness to Pay and Expected Benefits for Social Health Insurance: A Cross-sectional Study at Pokhara Metropolitan City
Authors: Ghimire Rabindra , Wagle Shreejana
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: The government supported SHI is the largest health insurance schemes ever launched in the country since 2016 by Health Insurance Board. Prior to UHI program, small scale community health insurance programs are running in fragmented structure The paper aims to examine the association between the potential policyholder's paying willingness for the social health insurance their characteristics, and tries to predict the willingness to pay for social health insurance schemes and their expected benefits from the SHI run by Government of Nepal.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out during Jan-July 2018 in Pokhara Metropolitan city 29, Kaski District, Nepal.

RESULTS: Among the 5,000 households residing in the study area 360 households who have not purchased social health insurance schemes till the survey period but interested to buy within one year were selected for the study. Respondents were selected with purposive sampling method. The association between respondents' characteristics and their willingness to pay for SHI and expected benefits from SHI has been explore using the chi square test and found that association is significant with the family size and education. The predictors variables are identified using the hierarchical regression model. The study reveals that among seven demographic characteristics of respondents (gender, age group, household head, family size, ethnicity, qualification, and occupation), family size and profession are good predictors for willingness to pay SHI and family size and family head are the good predictors for the expected benefits.

CONCLUSIONS: The study concludes family size is most influential factors while deciding the premium and sum assured for social health insurance, however, family head influences expected benefits while profession influences amount of premium.
Assessment of Dietary Patterns of Pregnant Women in Southern Nepal
Authors: Prakash Satyam , Pandeya Dipendra Raj , Yadav Khushbu , Yadav Basant Kumar
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: Quality and balanced diet becomes very crucial to the health of woman during and after pregnancy. Therefore, the study was focused on the nutritional behaviour and dietary pattern of women during pregnancy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cluster random sampling was adopted. Total 336 pregnant women were selected, out of which 224 were pregnant women (cases) and 112 were non-pregnant healthy women (controls). Maternal demographics information was collected by a structured questionnaire. Data was entered into MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Chi-square test was used. The p-value (p< 0.05) was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: Among pregnant women, 27.23%, 32.58%, 30.95% and 9.82% women consumed meat daily, twice per week, once per week and none respectively while among non-pregnant women the consumption of meat was 25.89%, 50.89%, 17.85% and 5.35% respectively. The association of consuming meat twice per week and fish among pregnant and non-pregnant women was noted statistically significant (p=0.005). More number of study participants drank tea and milk daily. The co-relation between pregnant and non-pregnant women regarding drinking (tea and milk) daily was statistically insignificant (p=0.881 and p=0.122) respectively. However, the relation between pregnant and non-pregnant women for intake of juice was statistically significant (p=0.007).

CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the findings of this research suggest the need for a balanced nutritional diet among Nepalese pregnant women for proper foetal growth, good health of pregnant women and to avoid complications during pregnancy. Nutrition education programs in the community should be launched.
Self-medication Practice in Primary Dysmenorrhea among Nursing Students: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Chaurasia Lokeshwar , Shah Laxmi , Paudel Gita , Sarraf Deependra Prasad , Shah Poonam , Singh Jitendra Kumar
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: Self-medication and home remedies are most commonly employed for relief from menstrual discomfort in female students. Self-medication practice varies among adolescent female students. Hence, this study aims to observe and analyze self-medication practice and drugs used for primary dysmenorrhea among nursing students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross sectional study was conducted at Janaki Medical College and College of Nursing, Sinha Health Foundation, Dhanusha from October 2019 to December 2019, among nursing students of various academic years of intermediate level and bachelor level through structured questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21.0.

RESULTS: Out of 156 female students, the mean age of menarche was 13.20±1.53, interval of menstrual cycle was 30.29±7.26. Majority (82.1%) of the female students reported lower abdominal pain during menstrual bleeding, of which 48.4% had pain for less than 1 day, 47.7% had pain for 1-3 days and 3.9% had pain for more than 3 days. Self-medication practice was observed in 35.20 % of students while 60.20% of them practiced resting in bed for pain relief during menstrual bleeding. The most commonly self-medicated drug was mefenamic acid (64.4%), followed by paracetamol (40%), ibuprofen (26.7%) and nimesulide (13.3%).

CONCLUSIONS: Self–medication of drugs was found to be lower in primary dysmenorrhea among nursing students. Therefore, education programs on the drawbacks of self-medication of drugs needs to be implemented; properly and timely.
Relation between ABO blood group and Helicobacter pylori infection among patients with peptic ulcer disease at Provincial Hospital: A cross sectional study
Authors: Mahaseth Mahesh , Mishra Gaurang , Jha Sanjeet , Pandey Manish , Yadav Gyanendra , Sah Gautam
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: To document the potential relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection (H. pylori), ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups in affected individuals with peptic ulcer disorder.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional, research was accomplished from February 2021 to May 2021 among individuals experiencing dyspeptic conditions visiting Endoscopy Unit of Janakpur Provincial Hospital. All the patients were investigated for their blood group phenotype and Rhesus dependent through slide hemagglutination test. Also all the patients went through esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in order to identify peptic ulcer disease. Gastric biopsies were acquired and evaluated for H. pylori through urease test.

RESULTS: A total of 103 patients were registered in this study, which included 49 males and 54 females with a mean age of 15-77 years. H. pylori was found positive in 75(72.8%) cases and negative in 28 (27.2%) cases, Blood group A, B, AB and O were found in 19.4%, 33.0%, 13.6%, and 34.0% of the patients respectively. Relatively higher prevalence of H. pylori was found in each blood groups O (33.3%) and B (33.3%) compared to blood group A (20.1%) and AB (13.3%). However, association of ABO blood group and prevalence of H. pylori was found to be insignificant (p=0.991).

CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that B blood group people were more prone to H. pylori infection. Our study revealed that H. pylori contamination was definitely an endemic issue, which needs to be handled by enhancing hygiene, supply of filtered water and in addition other measures for its elimination. Further meticulous studies are needed to establish relationship between blood type and H. pylori contamination in different age groups.
Madhesh Institute of Health Sciences (MIHS): A Dream Project of Medical Science in Province 2, Nepal
Authors: Yadav Khushbu
Published: February 2022

No abstract available.
Women as Actors in Violence against Women: An Analysis of Woman-to-Woman Violence within the Marriage Space
Authors: Awinpoka Akurugu Constance
Published: February 2022

This article examines violence against women in marriage, and particularly, violence exacted or instigated by women in a relative position of power against less privileged ones, or what I refer to as woman-to-woman violence. This is carried out by paying critical attention to the network of relations and power dynamics between women and men within the marriage space, my designation for the physical space of the home, and the concatenation of relations that characterize marriage in the context of northern Ghana. The article draws on feminist ethnographic data collected in a rural settlement in north-western Ghana. Based on the analysis of my ethnographic data, I argue that as the Dagaaba notion of a family entails more than a nuclear family of wife, husband, and children, critical attention not only needs to be paid to woman-to-woman violence, but also to a broader scope of actors, including other-than-human entities in theorizing marital violence beyond the spouses in this and similar settings. Woman-to-woman violence can be as deleterious, if not more so, as male spousal violence and yet it has not received much attention in studies on marital violence particularly in the contexts of Ghana and sub-Saharan Africa more broadly.
(Re)Mapping the Grey Area: How Sexual Violence is Normalized in Discussions with University Students
Authors: Metz Julia , Myers Kristen , S. Wallace Patricia
Published: February 2022

Despite efforts by feminists to educate people about healthy sexual interactions and to promote the benefits of affirmative consent, a heterogendered imbalance in sexual intimacy persists. Much of the societal and research attention has focused on clear cases of nonconsensual sex, but a wider lens that incorporates social pressures and coercion is needed. (Mostly) cis-men continue to pressure and coerce their partners (mostly people who identify as women) to acquiesce to sexual intimacy. Our heteropatriarchal culture continues to perpetuate the belief that men are owed sex from women in many situations. Feminist scholars have argued that, instead of a stark line between consensual and nonconsensual sex, there is a continuum or spectrum ranging from sexual consent to sexual assault, creating a large “grey area” in which partners must navigate sexual intimacy. This grey area is not gender neutral. Gendered structure, culture, discourse, and practices help to normalize heterogendered dominance in everyday life, undermining women’s sexual agency while also mobilizing rape. Drawing on interviews with university students (N=45) who have navigated this spectrum, we seek to map the grey area, exploring how consent is often hijacked through relentless pressure and coercion. When pressure and coercion are encoded into the gendered order as entitlements granted to men, the line between sexual assault and agentic, “consensual” sex becomes less and less discernible. We conclude that, in order to foster sexual autonomy, gendered power dynamics must be disentangled from sexual intimacy.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA TIGA DIMENSI DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR ATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS V MIN 2 LOMBOK BARAT TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Mappanyompa Mappanyompa
Published: February 2022

Abstrak: Dalam penelitian ini masalah yang ingin dijawab adalah bagaimana penggunaan media bangun ruang tiga dimensi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas V MIN 2 Lombok Barat tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan tindakan kelas. Dengan model sikus yang berulang dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan dengan II siklus. Tiap siklusnya merupakan rangkaian kegiatan yang terdiri dari 1) Perencanaan, 2) Pelaksanaan tindakan, 3) Observasi, dan 4) Refleksi. Sabjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V MIN 2 Lombok Barat yang berjumlah 24 orang. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar materi bangun ruang. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa soal tes, lembar observasi dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengguanaan media bangun ruang tiga dimensi pada mata pelajaran Matematika  mampu peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Hal inidapat dilihat dari meningkatnya nilai siswa materi bangun ruang sebelum dan sesudah diberi tindakan. Dilihat dari rata-rata nilainya dari prasiklus sebesar 59,3, Siklus I sebesar 69,3 dan siklus II sebesat 77,5 dengan presentase ketuntasan pada prasiklus menccapai 41,6 %, silus I mencapai 66,6 %, dan Siklus II mencapai 91,6 %. Abstract: In this research issue that wants to be answered is how the use of media to build three-dimensional space can improve student learning outcomes V MIN 2 class West Lombok year lesson 2017/2018. This type of research uses class actions. With repeated and continuous sicus models. This class action research is done with the II cycle. Each cycle is a series of activities consisting of 1) planning, 2) Implementation of action, 3) observation, and 4) reflection. Sabjek in this study is a student at V MIN 2 West Lombok, a total of 24 people. The object in this study is the outcome of learning spatial building material. The instruments used are test questions, observation sheets and documentation. The obtained Data is analyzed in a quantitative descriptive. The results of this study showed that the media successfully to build three-dimensional space on the subject of mathematics is able to increase student learning outcomes. This can be seen from the increasing grades of material students waking up space before and after being given action. Judging from the average of the value of the Prasiklus 59.3, cycle I of 69.3 and cycle II at the 77.5 with a percentage of the submission of the prasiklus reached 41.6%, Silus I reached 66.6%, and cycle II reaches 91.6%.
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DAN BUDI PEKERTI DALAM MEMBANGUN KERUKUNAN BERAGAMA (TINJUAN KURIKULUM 2013 DI SD TEGALSARI, SRIGADING, BANTUL)
Authors: Samsudin Samsudin
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Recognizing the conflict in Indonesia, which is predominantly Muslim, Indonesia is still vulnerable to conflict. Among the emergence of conflict above is the attitude of exclusivism who views their own belief as the most correct. This study aims to determine the urgency of Islamic education and good character of elementary schools in Curriculum 2013 in the contect of inculcating the religious harmony values to the students. This type of research is a field study, with qualitative research. While the object in this study is Elementary School (SD) Tegalsari, Srigading, Sanden, Bantul. Data collection method uses interviews, observation, and documentation, then it is analyzed. The results of this study indicate that in an effort to build religious harmony in Indonesia, Islamic Education (PAI) and good character have a significant role. Curriculum 2013 in PAI learning and good character in inculcating religious harmony values includes helping and cooperating, living in harmony, behaving politely, sympathizing and tolerant, respecting friends according to the content of QS al Kafirun (paragraph 6). Curriculum 2013 which has been taught at SD Tegalsari in PAI learning and good character is still general and has not ‘touched’ specifically, only limited to habituation in their daily life, but in general Curriculum 2013 has a significant role in fostering religious harmony. Abstrak: Menyadari konflik di Indonesia yang mayoritas penduduknya muslim, Indonesia masih rentan dengan konflik. Di antara munculnya konflik adalah adanya sikap eksklusivisme yang memandang keyakinannya sendiri yang paling benar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui urgensi pendidikan Islam dan budi pekerti di Sekolah Dasar (SD) dalam Kurikulum 2013 dalam konteks menanamkan nilai-nilai kerukunan beragama pada siswa. Jenis  penelitian ini adalah studi lapangan, dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Sedangkan obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah Sekolah Dasar Tegalsari, Srigading, Sanden, Bantul. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi kemudian dianalisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam upaya membangun kerukunan beragama di Indonesia, Pendidikan Islam (PAI) dan budi pekerti memiliki peran yang signifikan. Kurikulum 2013 pada pembelajaran PAI dan budi pekerti yang diajarkan dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai kerukunan beragama di antaranya adalah tolong menolong dan kerja sama, hidup rukun, berperilaku santun, simpati dan toleran, menghargai teman sesuai dengan kandungan Q.S al Kafirun ayat 6. Kurikulum 2013 yang diajarkan di SD Tegalsari pada pembelajaran PAI dan budi pekerti masih bersifat umum belum menyentuh secara khusus, hanya sebatas pembiasaan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, tetapi secara garis besar kurikulum tersebut memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam menumbuhkan kerukunan beragama.