bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La experiencia del adulto mayor durante su primer año de institucionalización en un hogar de cuido
Authors: Rivera Arroyo Jessica , Hernández Bello Zulmarie , Casiano Pagán Alex
Published: October 2021

Este estudio cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico tiene el propósito de auscultar la experienciade institucionalización y las conductas de adaptación en personas de 65 años o más durante su primer año en un hogar de cuido. Conjuntamente se evaluará el significado que las personas institucionalizadas le adscriben a su experiencia. La muestra esta formada por siete (7) personas de edad avanzada, entre estas seis del género femenino y uno del género masculino, cognitivamente intactos, con un año o menos residiendo en un hogar de cuido de la región sur de Puerto Rico. El estudio discute el proceso de adaptación, sus sentimientos, y el significado atribuido a la experiencia.
La precarización del Trabajo Social a través del voluntariado social: nuevos modos sociales de regulación en la relación capital-trabajo en el contexto puertorriqueño 2014-15
Authors: Díaz Coss Josué R. , López Nieves Cruz A. , Pagán Rivera Víctor G.
Published: October 2021

La precarización del trabajo social mediante el voluntariado social es un tema poco estudiado en Puerto Rico. Utilizamos teorías de la Escuela de la Regulación Francesa y la mcdonaldización de Ritzer (2007) para explicar cómo incide el voluntariado en la precarización de la profesión. Estas teorías estudian las relaciones socioinstitucionales desde su cristalización. Además, explican las dinámicas del Estado asumiendo políticas públicas para desplazar sus responsabilidades a la esfera privada. Jessop (1993) le llama a esto: Ahuecamiento shumpeteriano del Estado benefactor. Estas dinámicas se cristalizan y sistematizan a partir de políticas públicas y la normalización de las nuevas tendencias económicas. Observamos este proceso haciendo un análisis crítico del discurso (Van Dijk, 1999) de la Ley 261 del 2004 y del debate público de preaprobación de la misma. Esta Ley regula el voluntariado social en Puerto Rico y es conocida como Ley del Voluntariado de Puerto Rico. Observamos que el voluntariado social se instituye como nueva forma de trabajo y fomenta nuevas relaciones burocráticas entre instituciones y organizaciones privadas del tercer sector. Las nuevas formas de trabajo se justifican a través de discursos de participación ciudadana y responsabilidad social. Esto tiene un efecto de ahorros y ganancias para las clases capitalistas, tornándose en pérdidas económicas y sociales para los y las trabajadores/as sociales en este caso.
STATISTICAL THEORY AND ANALYSIS IN BIOASSAY
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, Ogoke Uchenna P. , Nduka Ethelbert Chinaka ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Published: October 2021

Statistical Theory and Analysis in Bioassay is a seven-chapter monograph tailored essentially to meet the needs of graduate students, practitioners, and researchers in the fields of medicine, pharmacology, biosciences/life sciences, and related fields that employs the tools of biostatistics in bioassays and analysis. In this wise, we have taken time to discuss in detail relevant topics; principles, methods, and applications. Practice exercises are also included where necessary. The earlier chapters gave background information, definition of terms, purpose, types, structure, and relative potency in bioassay. An important theorem, Fieller’s theorem is proved in detail with illustrative examples. The last two chapters are on dose-response relationship, fitting in parallel-line assays and estimation. We are convinced that this monograph will meet the expectations of the readers while constructive criticisms that will improve another edition will be appreciated.
Metode Pendidikan Nabawi dengan Menggunakan Isyarat Jari
Authors: Windro Saputro Oscar Wardhana
Published: October 2021

Abstrak

 

طرق التدريس في الحقيقة هي أنواع من الامكانيات التي يمكن اختيارها في التدريس ليكون فعالا ويعطي تأثيرا للطالب. والتربية الإسلامية مليئة بأنواع متعددة كثيرة من طرق التدريس المستنبطة من القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية ومن اجتهاد وجهود العلماء والمدرسين. وخير المعلمين وقدوتهم هو نبينا صلى الله عليه وسلم، فطريقة تدريسه هي خير طرق وأنفعها.

ومن طريقته في التدريس هي الإشارة بالأصابع، حيث يتركز هذا البحث فيها وفي فهم معانيها وهدفها. هذا البحث من البحث المكتبي وهو من ضمن البحث الكيفي بدراسة البيانات غير الأرقام. البيانات الأولية في هذا البحث هي الأحاديث المستخرجة من أمهات الكتب. أما البيانات الثانوية تكون من خلال الكتب، والشروح، والوثيقة المتعلقة بالبحث.

وبعد إنجاز هذا البحث، تتلخص النتيجة : أن تقسيم طريقة تدريس النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم باعتبار الأصابع المستعملة هو باستعمال جميع الأصابع، وخمسة أصابع، وأصبعين، وإصبع واحد. وباعتبار هيئته هو بتشبيك الأصابع، وحركة الإصبع، والعد بالأصابع، والإشارة بإصبع واحد، والإشارة بإصبعيه وبإنشاء حلقة. والمعنى أو الهدف من الإشارة باليد في الأحاديث هو تصوير المعنى وتأكيده كالقرب والاجتماع والتشابه، دليل على العدد ودليل على المكان

         

كلمات البحث : طريقة التدريس، الإشارة، الأصابع، الأحاديث
Pendidikan Profesi dan Pengabdian Masyarakat di Indonesia
Authors: Nurhayati  , Rita Komalasari  , Cecep Mustafa
Published: October 2021

This paper presents for the first time the results of research related to the professional training of judges. The research method presented in this paper is a case study. Thirty-one judges, in the City and District Courts, were included to obtain various perspectives through interviews. The results of the study show that the influence of training can shape judicial interpretations of justice. We found that trainee judges studied the three most important forms of justice: legal justice, moral justice, and social justice. Judges will also learn from the training that judges will be asked to harmonize various dimensions of justice in the context of public service.
Implementasi Pojok Baca untuk Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa MI Muhammadiyah Kartasura
Authors: Kurniawan Wahyu , Anam Sutopo  , Minsih
Published: October 2021

This research aims to illustrate the implementation of the reading corner to increase the interest in reading the MI Muhammadiyah Kartasura students. The study uses a qualitative inductive approach. Data and collection techniques consist of primary data and secondary data obtained through observations, interviews, polls or questionnaires and documentation. Data validation uses the theory and techniques of the source triangulation and triangulation method. Data analysis uses interactive models including data collection, data reduction, data presentation and withdrawal of conclusions. Results from the study showed that. 1) The implementation of reading corners can increase student interest in the school environment with habituation, learning, development and school programs for students to read. 2) Student reading interest increases with a reading corner that encourages students to better appreciate their time reading books in the classroom reading corner. 3) The implementation of this reading corner is effective enough to increase the interest of reading students in the school environment and facilitate teachers to implement and relate lessons to create varied learning.
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Berbasis Web Pada RM Sinar Minang
Authors: Melinda  , Muslim Hidayat  , M Alif Muwafiq Baihaqy
Published: October 2021

Rumah Makan (RM) Padang adalah suatu bisnis rumah makan yang menjual atau menghidangkan berbagai ragam kuliner atau masakan Minangkabau yang berasal dari Sumatra barat. Rumah makan ini amat terkenal di Indonesia bahkan dunia. Salah satu nya adalah RM Padang Sinar Minang yang berada di Purbalingga, dirumah makan tersebut menyediakan banyak sekali menu makanan. Beberapa di antaranya yaitu rendang, cincang, kikil, kakap, babat dan iso.Dalam kegiatan laporan bulanan, di RM Sinar Minang masih diterapkan system tulis tangan(manual).kesulitan admin dalam penulisan laporan keuangan yang ditulis tangan(manual) dan dalam system pembayaran yang catatan penjualannya juga masih ditulis tangan(manual), tentu kegiatan seperti ini harus diperbaharui dengan berkembangnya teknologi. Penulisan laporan keuangan yang terjadi adalah jumlah uang yang berada di kasir dengan jumlah uang yang berada pada catatan makanan yang terjual tidak singkron/tidak sama. Jadi bisa di simpulkan dalam penulisan catatan makanan yang terjual terjadi kendala seperti lupa menulis makanan yang sudah terjual.Berdasarkan hal-hal tersebut, muncullah gagasan untuk membuat Sistem Informasi Penjualan Berbasis Web pada RM Sinar Minang. Sistem ini diharapkan akan memberikan kemudahan bagi admin/pemilik dalam melakukan pendataan dan bisa sebagai laporan bulanan yang rapi untuk instansi
Aspectos funcionales de las L-aminoácido oxidasas (L-AAOS) de venenos de serpientes en accidentes ofídicos: una mini-revisión
Authors: Rodríguez-Acosta Alexis
Published: October 2021

Las L-aminoácido oxidasas son enzimas ampliamente distribuidas en diversos filos como bacterias, hongos, plantas, mamíferos y muchas serpientes venenosas, y de diferentes especies no venenosas, en estas últimas, no solo en la glándula del veneno, sino que también exhibe la actividad de las L-AAOs, en diferentes órganos, tales como pulmón, hígado, riñón y eritrocitos. Las L-AAOs que se encuentran en los venenos de serpientes son más activas que las producidas en muchos microorganismos. Las L-AAOs tienen intensa actividad sobre el sistema hemostático de los mamíferos. Los SV-LAAOs (de venenos de serpientes) exhiben diversas actividades, como hemorragia, agregación plaquetaria, edema, apoptosis, acción antitumoral; además se han descrito actividades microbicidas y anti-VIH. En esta revisión queremos llamar la atención acerca de este importante sistema enzimático presente en muchos venenos de serpientes de las familias Viperidae y Colubridae.
Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Application Process: What Can We Learn?
Authors: Wang Kevin Y. , Babu Jacob , Zhang Bo , Jami Meghana , Musharbash Farah , LaPorte Dawn
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

The goal of this study was to assess the influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the orthopaedic surgery residency application process in the 2020 to 2021 application cycle.

Methods:

A survey was administered to the program directors of 152 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited orthopaedic surgery residency programs. The following questions were assessed: virtual rotations, open houses/meet and greet events, social media, the selection criteria of applicants, the number of applications received by programs, and the number of interviews offered by programs.

Results:

Seventy-eight (51%) orthopaedic residency programs responded to the survey. Of those, 25 (32%) offered a virtual away rotation, and 57 (75%) held virtual open houses or meet and greet events. Thirteen of these programs (52%) reported virtual rotations as either “extremely important” or “very important.” A 355% increase was observed in social media utilization by residency programs between the 2019 to 2020 and 2020 to 2021 application cycles, with more programs finding social media to be “extremely helpful” or “very helpful” for recruiting applicants in 2020 to 2021 compared with the previous year (39% versus 10%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Although many of the changes seen in the 2020 to 2021 application cycle were implemented by necessity, some of these changes were beneficial and may continue to be used in future application cycles.
Subcuticular Barbed Suture and Skin Glue Wound Closure Decreases Reoperation and Length of Stay in Geriatric Hip Fractures When Compared With Staples
Authors: Zhao Emily , Tarkin Ivan S. , Moloney Gele B.
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Patients with geriatric hip fracture are notoriously frail and at risk for complications. Persistent postoperative wound drainage can lead to prolonged hospital stay, increased risk for infection, and need for revision surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of wound closure technique, barbed monofilament subcuticular suture and skin glue versus staples on rates of intervention for wound drainage and length of hospital stay after geriatric hip fracture fixation.

Methods:

A retrospective review of isolated hip fractures in patients older than 60 years at a single institution over a 3-year period was done. Hip fractures included femoral neck, intertrochanteric, and subtrochanteric femur fractures treated with internal fixation or arthroplasty. Skin closure technique, at the discretion of the operating surgeon, included either barbed subcuticular monofilament suture and skin glue or staples. Charts and radiographs were reviewed to determine patient characteristics, Charlson Comorbidity Index, type of wound closure, length of stay, and interventions for persistent wound drainage.

Results:

There were 175 patients in the barbed suture and skin glue group and 211 patients in the staples group. The barbed suture group had an average postsurgical length of stay of 5.0 days which was significantly lower than the staples group (7.0 days, P < 0.00001). In the staples group, 17 patients (8%) required incisional negative pressure wound therapy due to wound drainage with five patients (2.4%) returning to the operating room secondary to persistent wound drainage. No patients were observed in the barbed suture group that required intervention for wound drainage.

Discussion:

Barbed suture and skin glue closure is associated with markedly shorter hospital stay and fewer interventions for wound drainage when compared with staples after surgical treatment of geriatric hip fractures.
Social determinants of conflict management – theoretical analysis
Authors: Borowska Donata
Published: October 2021

Conflict management is a situation of contradictory interests, where one party wants to subordinate the opposite side. People are social beings because they create diverse human relations and are lost by the idea of being safe and the belief it will always be this way. War is a socio-political phenomenon that involves a decision about fight. Lack of water supply, selective pandemics, environmental and climate disasters are the result of poverty and government’s faulty security management. Lack of security creates a constant necessity for conducting research on the development of science that deals with conflict management. In contemporary society, conflict management means to keep control over it by its policy makers, which, as a result, guarantees the effective solution. “Recognition, strategy and attack” (i.e. effective actions that can ensure security) is the motto of politicians and the military. It should be kept in mind that conflict management is connected with the implementation of the intended goals, where, for example, war is a social phenomenon and a political tool. Excessive exploitation of the arms industry may be called by some a strategy for peace. The idolatry of politicians, including advanced technology, causes individuals to trust in material things. Pope Francis warns that one should not blindly follow the image advisers who sell death.
Image of uniformed services as an important component of intellectual capital
Authors: Szczygielska Agnieszka , Kurek Dorota
Published: October 2021

Shaping the image of uniformed services is related to many conditions, including historical ones, stereotypes, or the opinion of circles that have often come into conflict with, for example, the Police. Thus, it is more difficult for uniformed services than for enterprises to influence their image in the eyes of society, the more so as the media often create specific messages through their reports.
The image of each organization is a component of intellectual capital, which is a consolidated intangible resource. Managing this comprehensive intangible resource will result in, among other things, higher efficiency, increased innovation and creativity, greater involvement of staff, and the desire to self-improve, which will lead to shaping a better and better image.
The study aims to present results of research on the image as an intangible resource as an intellectual capital element, and preliminary research on perceiving the image of the Police and the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland. They were carried out on a selected sample of young people.
Lviv as the cradle of Polish independence organizations
Authors: Zuziak Janusz
Published: October 2021

Lviv occupies a special place in the history of Poland. With its heroic history, it has earned the exceptionally honorable name of a city that has always been faithful to the homeland. SEMPER FIDELIS – always faithful. Marshal Józef Piłsudski sealed that title while decorating the city with the Order of Virtuti Militari in 1920. The past of Lviv, the always smoldering and uncompromising Polish revolutionist spirit, the climate, and the atmosphere that prevailed in it created the right conditions for making it the center of thought and independence movement in the early 20th century. In the early twentieth century, Polish independence organizations of various political orientations were established, from the ranks of which came legions of prominent Polish politicians and military and social activists.
Manoel de Mello e a preocupação com Direitos Humanos nos primórdios do envolvimento pentecostal com a política brasileira
Authors: Caldas Filho Carlos Ribeiro
Published: October 2021

Durante décadas os evangélicos pentecostais brasileiros evitavam a todo custo se envolver com política, pois esta considerada como algo sujo e indigno dos cristãos. Todavia, já há alguns anos é grande o envolvimento de líderes pentecostais em política. Muitos candidatos a cargos públicos apresentam-se como “Pastor Fulano”, como uma maneira de chamar a atenção de eleitores evangélicos. Um dos primeiros líderes pentecostais brasileiros a falar abertamente sobre política foi Manoel de Mello e Silva (1929-1990), conhecido como Manoel de Mello, fundador da Igreja Evangélica Pentecostal O Brasil para Cristo (BpC). Este artigo pretende apresentar criticamente o contexto histórico da organização da Igreja O Brasil para Cristo e o envolvimento político de Manoel de Mello, com ênfase em sua preocupação com os Direitos Humanos, considerando ser ainda escassa a pesquisa acadêmica sobre o modelo de pentecostalismo no Brasil do qual a BpC é representante, e menor ainda o estudo desta vertente pentecostal na perspectiva de seu discurso político.
Pentecostalidad y procesos de identificación política disruptiva. Un estudio de caso en Argentina
Authors: Panotto Nicolas
Published: October 2021

El artículo plantea la hipótesis de que los elementos constitutivos del pentecostalismo (en su dimensión identitaria, ritual, institucional, discursiva y teológica) presentan la suficiente heterogeneidad, maleabilidad y dinámica para habilitar reapropiaciones y modos de identificación diversos, desde una dimensión crítica e intrínsecamente política, tanto a nivel individual como colectivo. Para el presente estudio, analizaremos el caso de una comunidad pentecostal en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, el Centro Cristiano Nueva Vida (CCNV), con el propósito de indagar cómo las dinámicas institucionales, las performances de subjetividad pentecostal y la resignificación de discursos teológicos, sirven a la promoción y construcción de posiciones políticas alternativas. Para ello, nos concentraremos en dos temas centrales. Primero, en cómo el CCNV comprende su identidad pentecostal desde una dinámica disruptiva, tanto en su dimensión religiosa como socio-comunitaria. Y segundo, la reapropiación de elementos discursivos -especialmente dentro de la matriz teológica evangélico/pentecostal- que operan en el CCVN como instancias de posibilitan resignificaciones en términos de prácticas y sentidos socio-políticos
Fundamentalismos ortodoxos e democracia liberal: o bem comum na teologia de Aristotle Papanikolaou
Authors: McGeoch Graham
Published: October 2021

Notando que originalmente fundamentalismo é um termo técnico para descrever um certo tipo de protestantismo norte-americano, este artigo reconhece que fundamentalismo se aplica a grupos mais amplos (ainda que de forma técnica) para descrever vários grupos religiosos, e até sistemas econômicos e políticos. Este artigo propõe discutir a teologia política de Aristotle Papanikolaou, teólogo ortodoxo, no contexto da democracia liberal. Especificamente, o artigo foca na discussão do bem comum que Papanikolaou apresenta fundamentada no conceito de comunhão divina-humana. A teologia política de Aristotle Papanikolaou engaja com influentes teólogos da tradição ortodoxa tais como Máximos, o Confessor, e John Zizioulas. Deste modo, sua discussão do bem comum fundamenta-se numa tradição teológica que investiga os conceitos cristãos de amor e pessoa [personhood].
Entre política e a religião: a defesa sobre o divórcio na Constituinte de 1934
Authors: Mattos Renan Santos
Published: October 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar a posição de Fernando do Ó, advogado e espírita, sobre o divórcio no contexto de atuação intelectual após a eleição para a constituinte de 1934. Com base na perspectiva de Pierre Bourdieu e Gilberto Velho, discute-se a tese intitulada “O Divórcio”, apresentada em 1934, no qual o autor articula o conceito de laicidade, de emancipação da mulher, e, sobretudo, a noção de família sob o viés jurídico com objetivo de defender a necessidade de revisão da legislação brasileira. Desse modo, interroga-se como os argumentos da tese, a partir de Pontes de Miranda e Evaristo de Morais, remetem a construção do direito como ciência que analisa as demandas da sociedade. Enfim, salienta-se que a visão sobre o divórcio representa estratégia de luta pela separação entre Estado e religião, pois tal princípio era entendido como em oposição ao dogmatismo e como o fundamental à consolidação da democracia no período de Vargas.
Os conflitos Igreja-Estado na transição democrática espanhola
Authors: Montero-Pedrera Ana Maria , Sánchez Sánchez Manuel
Published: October 2021

Comprender este momento de la Transición en el interior de la Iglesia, como catalizador para un cambio preparado nos hace tener la mirada puesta en el Concilio Vaticano II –en concreto de la declaración Dignitatis humanae–, donde la Iglesia Católica pasó del Estado confesional, como modelo, a la proclamación de la libertad religiosa. Propiciado por este concilio y por figuras como la del Cardenal Tarancón al que no le preocupaba la aconfesionalidad del Estado sino que la libertad religiosa formase parte de las libertades públicas. La Iglesia tuvo un importante papel en este camino hacia la democracia, con una destacada contribución a la reconciliación y la reinstauración de derechos y libertades. La sensación histórica es la de un capítulo aún sin cerrar, dando motivos para la tensión, la discusión (demasiado acalorada) y el cuestionar como se realizaron, y como se actualizan esas actuaciones de la Transición. Algo nos hace intuir que no está bien realizado todo (algo muy humano) y que el revisionismo no siempre es para crecer.
O humano a caminho de um centro mais profundo: leituras da alma apresentada por Edith Stein e da totalidade psíquica por Jung
Authors: Ferreira Soraya Cristina Dias
Published: October 2021

Resumo - Tese de Doutorado
Biological Control of Tetranychidae by Considering the Effect of Insecticides
Authors: Khodayari Samira , Hamedi Nayereh
Published: October 2021

Spider mites (family Tetranychidae) are important pests of many agricultural, medicinal and ornamental plants worldwide. They possess needle-like chelicerae which pierce plant cells, often feeding on chloroplasts on the under surface of the leaf and cause upper leaf surfaces develop whitish or yellowish stippling. Additionally spider mites produce silk webbing which covers the leaves. In this chapter we present common control methods of these mites including biological control with emphasizing on the prey preference, switching behavior and mutual interference of a biological control agent, Phytoseius plumifer (Canestrini and Fanzago). Additionally the side effects of two acaricides, abamectin and fenpyroxymate, on this predator will be discussed.
Articulated Human Pose Estimation Using Greedy Approach
Authors: Kherwa Pooja , Singh Sonali , Ahmed Saheel , Berry Pranay , Khurana Sahil
Published: October 2021

The goal of this Chapter is to introduce an efficient and standard approach for human pose estimation. This approach is based on a bottom up parsing technique which uses a non-parametric representation known as Greedy Part Association Vector (GPAVs), generates features for localizing anatomical key points for individuals. Taking leaf out of existing state of the art algorithm, this proposed algorithm aims to estimate human pose in real time and optimize its results. This approach simultaneously detects the key points on human body and associates them by learning the global context. However, In order to operate this in real environment where noise is prevalent, systematic sensors error and temporarily crowded public could pose a challenge, an efficient and robust recognition would be crucial. The proposed architecture involves a greedy bottom up parsing that maintains high accuracy while achieving real time performance irrespective of the number of people in the image.
Text Classification on the Instagram Caption Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: Hadi Setiawan , Putri Ramadhani Paquita
Published: October 2021

Instagram is one of the world’s top ten most popular social networks. Instagram is the most popular social networking platform in the United States, India, and Brazil, with over 1 billion monthly active users. Each of these countries has more than 91 million Instagram users. The number of Instagram users shows the various reasons and goals for them to play this social media. Social Media Marketing does not escape being one of the purposes of using Instagram, with benefits to place a market for their products. Using text classification to categorize Instagram captions into organized groups, namely fashion, food & beverage, technology, health & beauty, lifestyle & travel, this paper is expected to help people know the current trends on Instagram. The Support Vector Machine algorithm in this research is used in 66171 post captions to classify trending on Instagram. The TF-IDF (Term Frequency times Inverse Document Frequency) method and percentage variations were used for data separation in this study. This study result indicates that the use of SVM with a percentage ratio 70% of dataset for training and 30% of dataset for testing produces a higher level of accuracy compared to the others.
Soybean as a Model Crop to Study Plant Oil Genes: Mutations in FAD2 Gene Family
Authors: M. Traore Sy , He Guohao
Published: October 2021

Plants have numerous fatty acid desaturase (FAD) enzymes regulating the unsaturation of fatty acids, which are encoded by a FAD gene family. The FAD2 genes belong to such family and play a vital role in converting monounsaturated oleic acid to polyunsaturated linoleic acid. Oleic acid has the health benefits for humans, such as reduction in cholesterol level, antioxidation property, and industrial benefits like longer shelf life. The development of genotypes with high oleic acid content in seeds has become one of the primary goals in breeding oilseed plants. The identification and characterization of the FAD2 genes in plants have been an important step to better manipulate gene expression to improve the seed oil quality. The induction of mutations in FAD2 genes to reduce FAD2 enzyme activity has been an integral approach to generate genotypes with high oleic acid. This chapter will describe the FAD2 gene family in the model organism soybean and the correction of mutations in FAD2 genes with the increase of oleic acid content. Leveraging advanced research of FAD2 gene family in soybean promotes the study of FAD2 genes in other legume species, including peanut. The future perspectives and challenges associated with mutations in FAD2 genes will be discussed.
Reactive Oxygen Species in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Implications in Pathogenesis and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Olaleye Oladele Johnson , T. Oladiji Adenike , Titilope Oladele Oluwaseun , M. Oyeleke Oyedotun
Published: October 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases are debilitating disorders which compromise motor or cognitive functions and are rapidly becoming a global communal disorder with over 46.8 million people suffering dementia worldwide. Aetiological studies have showed that people who are exposed to agricultural, occupational and environmental toxic chemicals that can interfere and degenerate dopaminergic neurons are prone to developing neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson Disease. The complex pathogenesis of the neurodegenerative diseases remains largely unknown; however, mounting evidence suggests that oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, protein misfolding, and apoptosis are the hallmarks of the diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive molecules that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. ROS play a critical role as high levels of oxidative stress are commonly observed in the brain of patients with neurodegenerative disorders. This chapter focus on the sources of ROS in the brain, its involvement in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and possible ways to mitigate its damaging effects in the affected brain.
COVID-19’ da Ayaktan Tedavi
Authors: DEMİR PERVANE Vasfiye , ÇELEPKOLU Tahsin
Published: October 2021

COVİD-19 enfeksiyonu Çin’in Wuhan kentinde tespit edilen daha sonrasında tüm dünyaya yayılarak pandemiye neden olan SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonunun neden olduğu mortalite ve morbiditesi yüksek klinik bir durumdur. Dünya genelinde 218 milyondan fazla kişi bu enfeksiyondan etkilenmiş ve bu hastalık 4,5 milyondan fazla kişinin de ölümüne neden olmuştur. COViD-19 enfeksiyonu genelde hafif orta seyirli bir klinik seyir göstermekle beraber %2 oranında ölümle sonuçlanabilmektedir.

COVİD-19 hastalığının tedavisine dönük güncel kesin bir tedavisi olmamakla beraber yoğun bilimsel çalışmalar ve ilaç araştırmaları yapılmaktadır. Ülkeler kendi sağlık politikaları ve imkanlarına uygun olarak ayaktan ve yatan hasta tedavi protokollerini belirlemektedir.

SARS-CoV-2’i hedef alan monoklonal antikor tedavisinin COVİD-19’u hafif-orta seviyede geçiren ayaktan hastalarda kullanılması yönünde değerlendirilmekte ve klinik çalışmalar bu ajanlardan fayda görüldüğünü göstermektedir. Monoklonal antikor olan Casirivimab-imdevimab, Sotrovimab hafif-orta seviyede COViD-19 hastalığını geçiren, tıbbi olarak kötüleşme ihtimali bulunan seçilmiş ayaktan hastalar için acil kullanım yetkisi ile ABD’de acil serviste kullanıma sunulmuştur.

Çalışmalarda favipravirin viral arınmayı arttırdığı; göğsün radyolojik değerlendirmelerinin ve klinik semptomların favipravir ile daha iyiyiye gittiği gösterilmiştir. Ülkemizde ayaktan ve yatan hasta tedavi protokollerinde de favipravire yer verilmektedir. Ayaktan COVİD-19 hastalarında güncel olarak immun plazma tedavisi, sistemik glukokortikoid, kolşisin, ivermektin, fluvoksamin, hidroksiklorokin+azitromisin gibi ilaç tedavilerinin hastalığın seyrine etkisi kısıtlı ve tartışmalıdır. Yüksek kalitede doğru bilgi için ilaçlara dönük randomize kontrollü çalışmaların yürütülmesine ihtiyaç vardır.

Ayaktan hastaların takibinde hastaların izolasyonu, ilaç tedavileri, hastalık ve alarm semptomları hakkında bilgilendirmeleri, enfeksiyon sonrası aşılanmaları, teletıp desteği ile gerekli yönetimin ve desteğin sağlanması da son derece önemlidir.
An interesting case of predominantly sinistral population of Lymnaea stagnalis (L.) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Lymnaeidae)
Authors: Vinarski Maxim V.
Published: October 2021

An interesting population of the common pond snail (L. stagnalis s.lat.) with a predominance of sinistral individuals is described. The discussion is based on a shell sample gathered by Russian malacologists Lindholm & Bäckmann in July 1917 in vicinity of Sankt-Petersburg (housed in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Science). Shell measurements, their ratios as well as possible explanations for the origin of this dimorphism are given.
Standard Setting Organisations for the IoT: How To Ensure a Better Degree of Liability?
Authors: Gennari Francesca
Published: October 2021

This early stage research article aims to outline an issue that, though not strictly connected to the cyber-sphere, is most likely going to affect it. Standard Setting/Developing Organisations (SSOs/SDOs) are getting more and more important in the electronics manufacturing field and also in the IP field by setting de facto mandatory rules for products to be safer but, most importantly, more efficient. Standards create trust in complex objects such as IoT devices, that are increasingly more available, especially the ones for the house. It is worth mentioning that the standards these organisations envision are not comparable to legislation but carry a significant ‘moral’ weight (soft law). However, these organisations are private in character and work on a voluntary basis. The problem lies in the creation of the standard when the essentiality of a patented innovation has to be assessed. These processes rely on the self-certification of businesses that their invention is truly essential to the development of a certain standard, which has led to a proliferation of new Standard Essential Patents (S.E.P.s). But in this case, there are no means to ensure some form of liability of these organisations when defects and shortcomings arise. It is argued that unless some form of liability is created for these organisations, IoT objects will never gain the trust of final users.
Exploring the Relation Between the Indegree Centrality and Authority Score of a Decision and the Reason for Which It Was Cited: A Case Study
Authors: Smejkalová Terezie , Novotná Tereza
Published: October 2021

Some of the recent network citation analyses that in continental legal settings have suggested that the most cited decisions (in terms of network citation analysis those with the highest indegree, or authority score) tend to be related to procedural issues, or issues of a more general nature, capable of being referred to in a more varied situations. While it may seem intuitive that decisions with the highest indegree centrality or authority score would settle issues of a more general nature, hence making them more widely applicable to various kinds of subsequent cases, we were wondering, whether this trend would be noticeable in less exposed decisions. To this end, we have conducted a case study within the boundaries of the Czech legal system. We have chosen five decisions containing a chosen keyword based on their indegree centrality in a corpus of Czech apex courts’ decisions. Subsequently, we have constructed eleven strings of decisions (connected to one another by a citation) leading to these five decisions, again paying attention to their indegree. We theorize that the decisions with higher indegree centrality as well as decisions with higher authority score will be cited in situations seeking a case-law argument for either procedural issue, or an issue of a more general nature, or an issue of principle, while the decisions with low indegree centrality or low authority score will be cited for their substantive law merit. This paper seeks to demonstrate how the network analysis in combination with a qualitative approach may serve as a useful approach in further exploring this hypothesis. We show that the actual citation environment in Czech legal setting might be more complex than this hypothesis suggests, but that this methodological approach may be further useful in exploring the normative nature of judicial decisions in non-precedential legal settings.
A Luz Branca da Neve
Authors: Correia Carlos João ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

This essay aims to examine how Thomas Mann reinterprets, in the novel “The Magic Mountain”, Nietzsche’s view of the world expressed in “The Birth of Tragedy”. The Olympic world becomes in the novel of Mann, a sanatorium where the death drive controls everything. Several interpretations for this ironic reading of the magic mountain symbol are offered, in particular the idea that death must not hypnotise us, a major theme of “Snow scene” of the novel.
Sonicismo Tímbrico e Instrumentalismo
Authors: Luzio Hugo ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

The problem concerning the ‘individuation conditions of musical works’ is pressing and actual in the metaphysical discussion, in the philosophy of music. In this essay we address two entirely different perspectives: ‘timbric sonicism’, as formulated by Julian Dodd and ‘instrumentalism’, as sketched by Stephen Davies. We attempt to show that there are strong reasons to consider that the objections to anti-instrumentalism and anti-contextualism, derived from the sonicist formalism, support ‘instrumentalism’ as a plausible answer to the set of conditions, requisites or essential properties in the determination of the entities that are well-formed musical works.
I Recenti studi sulla biologia di Aristotele come contributo per una critica all’interpretazione dei Naturphilosophen
Authors: Albergo Gaetano ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

The work realized by Aristotle in his investigations on the natural world, in particular the biological world, has as backdrop two theoretical assumptions: the ability to organize phainomena in such a dialectically well structured, although at the same time open and flexible way, as the living reality that is studied, and the opportunity to offer to the theoretical knowledge, of axiomatic nature, not only information and tools for the understanding of individual species, but also methods, and its logic, which, if properly pursued, will lead to scientific knowledge. This, understood in the sense of causal knowledge, cannot be pursued in a purely formal way. Our aim is to demonstrate why Naturphilosophen did not get the Aristotelian lesson, up to refuse his teleologism because considered metaphysically regressive.
Abstraction: Death by a Thousand Cuts
Authors: Khamis Diana ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

In the Lectures on the Method of Academic Study in 1802, F.W.J. Schelling warned his listeners against the annihilation of nature. The annihilation he had in mind was not ecological in the usual sense of the word, but an annihilation caused by a certain way of looking at nature – a philosophical annihilation. The issue Schelling had in mind was that of understanding nature as mechanical, or as merely a domain of things, and of understanding humans as somehow more than natural. This paper is set to describe and argue for a Schellingian alternative to the “annihilation” of nature, to demonstrate why, on such an understanding of nature, the only thing which could undermine it is abstraction and to see how a philosophy should approach abstract thinking in order to deal with this apparent problem. For that, different ways to apply the “knife” of abstraction will be then discussed – some murderous, some surgical.
A predição da formatura e da evasão em uma universidade pública a partir de um modelo logístico
Authors: Rosa Chaiane De Medeiros , Santos Fabiano Fortunato Teixeira dos , Milani Eder Angelo
Published: October 2021

O tema deste estudo são os percursos terminativos da educação superior, que são a evasão e a formatura. Tendo isso em vista, objetiva-se construir modelos logísticos preditivos desses dois desfechos em relação aos estudantes que ingressaram na Universidade Federal de Goiás em 2010, em cursos na modalidade presencial, os quais foram acompanhados por um período de oito anos. Para isso, foi feita consulta a microdados do Censo da Educação Superior Brasileira, de 2010 a 2017, publicados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais “Anísio Teixeira”. Para entender esses dois fenômenos - formatura e evasão - recorreu-se à técnica estatística da regressão logística e, além disso, foi feita pesquisa bibliográfica, em consulta a autores que fundamentam a técnica. Como resultado, verificou-se que a técnica estatística permite identificar variáveis que são fatores de risco ou protetivos para a formatura e a evasão; comparar categorias de uma mesma característica por meio da razão de chances; bem como avaliar a probabilidade de qualquer aluno se formar ou evadir. Trata-se, portanto, de uma ferramenta fundamental para a tomada de decisão dos gestores educacionais.
O que é educação personalizada, afinal?
Authors: Lima Júnior Afonso Barbosa de , Silva Lebiam Tamar Gomes
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o conceito de educação personalizada a partir de concepções similares, a fim de evitar ambiguidades. Para alcançar esse objetivo, teve-se como método de investigação científica a pesquisa bibliográfica. Para operacionalizá-la, recorreu-se às bases de dados digitais e às obras de referências. As fontes selecionadas têm como parâmetro cronológico o período entre 1988 e 2017, e como parâmetro linguístico, os idiomas português, espanhol e inglês. Os principais autores consultados foram Hoz (1988), Escobar (1966), Bray e McClashey (2017), além de relatórios internacionais. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que os elementos constituintes da educação personalizada definem uma concepção de educação fundamentalmente alicerçada na compreensão do estudante como ser autônomo, autogestor e metacognitivo, com perfis de aprendizagem que reverberam em interesses, ritmos e tempos diferenciados. Também se constataram as distinções entre os conceitos de individualização, de diferenciação e de educação personalizada, assim como as perspectivas avaliativas assumidas em cada conceito. Por fim, discutiram-se os apanhados da pesquisa e as possibilidades de implementação da educação personalizada na realidade brasileira.
Stages of spatial dispersion of the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland in the first six months (4 March-20 September, 2020).
Authors: Śleszyński Przemysław
Published: October 2021

The article is a continuation of research published by the author elsewhere (Śleszyński, 2020). The elaboration presents the regularity of spatial distribution of infections during the first six months after the detection of SARS-CoV-2 coronovirus in Poland under strong lockdown conditions. The main aim is to try to determine the basic temporal-spatial patterns and to answer the questions: to what extent the phenomenon was ordered and to what extent it was chaotic, whether there are any particular features of spread, whether the infection is concentrated or dispersed and whether the spreading factors in Poland are similar to those observed in other countries. Day by day data were used according to the counties collected in Rogalski’s team (2020). The data were aggregated to weekly periods (7 days) and then the regularity of spatial distribution was searched for using the cartogram method, time series shifts, rope correlation between the intensity of infections in different periods, Herfindahl-Hirschman concentration index (HHI) and cluster analysis. A spatial typology of infection development in the population was also performed. Among other things, it was shown that during the first period (about 100 days after the first case), the infections became more and more spatially concentrated and then dispersed. Differences were also shown in relation to the spread of the infection compared to observations from other countries, i.e. no relation to population density and level of urbanization.
Social response and spatial mobility change due to COVID-19 pandemic in Poland
Authors: Stępień Joanna , Michalski Tomasz , Grabowski Jakub , Waszak Przemysław , Grabkowska Maja , Macul Aleksandra , Rojek Jakub Jan
Published: October 2021

As global communities respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increasing emphasis on public health strategies, like implementation of ‘lockdowns’, closure of educational institutions and offices, cancellation of events, and enforcement of social distancing measures to slow the rate of transmission. The main objective of this article is to find out how the public health interventions and national lockdown affected people’s perception and attitudes to limited mobility and how people reacted by their spatial mobility behaviours in new reality of the first weeks of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. The study is based on the on-line survey research conducted among Polish residents supplemented by the analysis of data on changes in the spatial mobility based on Google dataset. The obtained results highlight high level of self-discipline in the population in response to restrictions and social distancing obligations, and as a result significantly lower spatial mobility level, before the restrictions began to be lifted. The size of the respondents’ place of residence had the greatest impact on changes in spatial mobility.
Homer like Thucydides? Hobbes and the Translation of the Homeric Poems as an Educational Tool
Authors: Catanzaro Andrea
Published: October 2021

Thomas Hobbes had a deep and, to some extent, controversial relationship with both the classics and the classical world. At the beginning of his career as a political thinker, for example, he translated from Greek into English the History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides. Despite this initial involvement, the philosopher subsequently stopped translating, although, several decades later, in the final period of his life, he decided to return to this activity, translating the Iliad and the Odyssey, apparently for his own amusement, nothing more. However, recent literature has suggested that these works, as in the case of his translation of Thucydides’s work, hid another motive: he wanted to continue spreading his political thought in a period when he no longer able to do it in the usual way because of old age, illness, and, above all, censorship. By offering a comparison of the original Greek texts and Hobbes’s translations, this essay aims to show how he handled the political elements of the Iliad and the Odyssey that did not fit his political theory and ran the risk of undermining his attempt to teach moral and political virtue. It focuses in particular on the political question of overlapping sovereignties, with a view to explaining some systematic uses of translation choices that clearly deviate from the Greek.