bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are State-Ranking Indicators Correlated with State Economic Performance?
Authors: Hsing Yu , Budden Michael C.
Published: February 2016

A variety of rankings appear regularly in the popular press.  Such rankings purport to indicate livability, economic well-being, crime propensity, obesity, and business climate, to name a few.  An investigation was conducted to assess whether state-ranking indicators developed by Forbes would be correlated with overall economic performance. We find that labor and quality of life have relatively high correlation with per capita gross state product; that business costs, the economic climate, and quality of life are well correlated with the unemployment rate; and the negative impact of high business costs on the growth rate of civilian employment is relatively high. The correlation coefficient between business costs and per capita gross state product has an unexpected sign. Growth prospects exhibit little correlation with state overall economic performance. The relatively low correlation coefficient between overall ranking and per capita gross state product or the growth rate of civilian employment suggests that it is not a good predictor for state workforce productivity or employment growth.
Challenges In Managing Virtual Teams
Authors: Nydegger Rudy , Nydegger Liesl
Published: February 2016

Many organizations are taking advantage of the opportunities to utilize new technologies to become more effective and efficient.  One of the newer types of approaches to be used is the “virtual team.”  These are teams that are comprised of members who do not work at the same place or even at the same time.  They may be spread across many time zones and may be located all over the world.  These types of teams are made possible by advances in computer-mediated communication and software that allows people to work collaboratively on projects without being co-located or even working at the same time.  Obviously, managing teams of this sort presents many, and sometimes unique, challenges.  This paper addresses these issues, analyzes them, and offers suggestions for relevant management strategies.
If Culture Is Software Of The Mind, Then Ours Needs An Upgrade: Lamentations On Our Illiteracy Of African Business And Culture
Authors: Smith Brent
Published: February 2016

Acknowledging culture as the “software of the mind” (Hofstede, 1994), this paper asserts that international business, management, and marketing scholars have done too little to address the practitioner community’s need for a better knowledgebase regarding African cultures.  Despite the importance of Africa to the global economy, transnational marketing, and even the prosperity of rising Asian economic powers, scholars have produced little practicable business knowledge on African national cultures.  Over the last thirty years, three leading scholarly projects on national culture, including the work of Hofstede, Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner, and the GLOBE Study, have collectively provided empirical data on a total of only twelve African nations.  This paper identifies basic deficiencies in the study of African cultures, highlights the impact of those deficiencies to the cultural knowledgebase, and suggests resolutions for upgrading intelligence on key African cultures vital to transnational business interests.
Free Exit And Social Inefficiency
Authors: Wilson Linus
Published: February 2016

Mankiw and Whinston (1986) show that free entry is socially excessive when firms have fixed costs and produce identical goods.  That is because rival firms fail to externalize the business stealing costs they impose on their rivals.  This paper extends that model by assuming that there are two states of demand.  It is proven that weakly too few firms exit voluntarily when demand realizations are low and some of the fixed costs are recoverable.  If there is any voluntary exit, social welfare could strictly rise by forcing more firms to exit the industry.
Development Of Reality System Theory
Authors: Stebbins Lloyd H.
Published: February 2016

The emergence of the scientific method evoked many successes in the natural sciences, which inspired a migration of the method to the social sciences. As widely applied, the scientific method is analytical (rather than synthetic), positivist, and reductionist. The management literature is replete with the successes of reductionist research. However, it is incomplete because it does not recognize the holistic nature of human systems. It is timely and largely inescapable in a globalized economy to consider the synergistic and emergent potential of organizations guided by a new management theory that touches all three influences of the human reality (intellectual, emotional, and spiritual). 
Credit Default Swaps: The Good, The Bad And The Ugly
Authors: Young Terry , McCord Linnea , Crawford Peggy J.
Published: February 2016

Credit Default Swaps have been a major cause of problems to financial institutions during the current economic downturn.  What is a CDS?  Why was it developed?  What went wrong?  This paper discusses these questions.
A Comprehensive Student-Based Analysis Of Hybrid Courses: Student Preferences And Design Criteria For Success
Authors: Mosca Joseph B. , Ball Daniel R. , Buzza John S. , Paul, III David P.
Published: February 2016

Online leaning in all forms has become the largest segment of growth in the education model over the last 10 years.  Our paper focuses on the general area of computer-assisted learning, a method that uses interactive software as an aid to learning, and more specifically on blended courses - courses that are taught congruently online and in a traditional setting.  Our paper examines the methodology of such innovation and details the steps necessary to institute such a program in main-stream teaching.  Our paper will also help make more clear the learning intentions and show how students can achieve success while instructors take advantage of new-age methods to help them become more versed in the art of teaching.  We will identify the necessary steps that students must take prior to enrolling in these courses, examine the requirements, and commitments that institutions must make to implement such a curriculum and show how the instructors must prepare themselves for the rigors that lie ahead in making this course both enjoyable and educational.  A comprehensive survey and statistical analysis was conducted and the results presented in this paper to support any conclusions and recommendations.  E-learning is offered in many forms throughout the world.  Today, you can secure a bachelors, masters or even doctoral degree totally online.  Students will continue to supplement a very busy work/life balance with online education, therefore we feel our paper addresses these concerns now and in the future and show not only the importance of this methodology, but how a simple seamless integration of this process is possible for institutions of higher learning.
Do Active Mutual Funds Mimic The Index During A Bull Market?
Authors: Silverman Henry I.
Published: February 2016

This study seeks to determine whether during a bull market, large actively-managed mutual funds 1) mimic the composition of the S&P 500 Index and 2) mimic the risk attributes of the S&P 500 Index.  Employing a panel data set of volatility and MPT statistics for 200 large, actively-managed US equity and hybrid debt-equity mutual funds between 1995 and 2000, we find no evidence of fund portfolio composition converging toward that of the index.  Indeed, as the bull market advances, fund managers move progressively away from holding securities comprising the S&P 500 Index.  Our results also reveal levels of fund systematic risk that are lower and significantly different to that of the S&P 500 Index, while fund pseudo-industry risk levels (as proxied by technology holdings) are not significantly different to that of the S&P 500 Index.  This suggests that managers mirrored S&P 500 Index technology weights with the purchase of technology firms outside of the Index.
Quantification, Rationality, And Management Decisions
Authors: Mankelwicz John , Kitahara Robert
Published: February 2016

Quantitative approaches have long dominated the management literature and influenced practice.  But why??  The emphasis on quantification constitutes part of intended rationality.  Yet it is not mathematical elegance or logical rigor that ultimately shapes the course of decision and final outcomes, but rather the experience of quantification and the use of the numbers. Building on classical sources from Aristotle to Herbert Simon, and Diesing’s five rationality types, this essay positions quantification as one determinant of performance, within an overall model framework employing rationality as an intervening variable.
Determinants Of Risk Tolerance In The Baby Boomer Cohort
Authors: Gilliam John E. , Chatterjee Swarn , Zhu Dandan
Published: February 2016

Using data from 26,759 respondents, this study examined the differences in financial risk tolerance among leading baby boomers and trailing baby boomers. The study also investigated differences between these two sub-cohorts in perceived risk tolerance and measured risk tolerance as determined by the FinaMetrica Risk Profiling System. The results of this study found that leading boomers were less risk tolerant than trailing boomers. Variables with a positive association with risk tolerance for both groups include higher educational attainment, income, net worth, and gender with men having higher risk tolerance than women. There was dissimilarity between married for leading boomer and trailing boomer. Being marred was negatively associated with risk tolerance for leading boomers and positive for trailing boomers. It was also found that leading boomers, those with less educational attainment, lower income earners and those with a greater number of financial dependents tend to underestimate their risk tolerance.
Strategic Pricing: A Game In Market Economics
Authors: Selim Tarek H.
Published: February 2016

In this paper, game theory is applied to the case of price wars in a market scenario game towards a converging solution of Nash equilibrium. This is done using the famous Bertrand Game, starting first with a simple version of a game involving two players with undifferentiated products who move simultaneously by merely choosing their prices, and then proceed by extending the market scenario to a Differentiated Bertrand Game. The market scenario is based on two main rivals. “LOCAL” player is faced by a lower-priced “ASIAN” player who has a significantly lower quality product. Price wars dictate market outcomes. Implications of the game reveal interesting, but rather unexpected, results. Specifically, it is shown that resorting to a price war alone is not the optimum choice by the LOCAL player. Rather, the incumbent must not lower his price, even if faced by a lower priced competitor.  This runs in contrast to traditional price war theory. The introduction of lower priced substitutes do not reveal price reduction of the incumbent firm. A unique Nash equilibrium arises when the LOCAL player differentiates his products and charges higher prices compared to the ASIAN player. Consequently, price competition and price wars, when augmented by differentiated aspects of product quality, do not lead to price convergence nor necessarily lead to price reductions over time.
Implementation Of Electronic Medical Records: How Healthcare Providers Are Managing The Challenges Of Going Digital
Authors: Brooks Rochelle , Grotz Courtney
Published: February 2016

Electronic medical records (EMRs) are the newest form of documenting a patient’s medical record.  An EMR is a system that contains a patient’s personal medical history, test results, dictations, and other medical and financial information.  EMRs will improve healthcare by enhancing patient care, preventative health, and provider convenience and is an extreme improvement to an already highly technological healthcare corporation.  The implementation ‘wave’ is not happening just because it is an improvement to healthcare, but it is also moving forward because it is required by the U.S. government.  President Obama recently employed a stimulus package that will assist healthcare establishments with startup of electronic medical records.  Along with the great improvements and advantages come inconveniences, challenges, and high costs.  For large hospitals, EMR deployments can cost the organization millions of dollars; hospitals can spend from $25,000 to $60,000 per physician to deploy a system.  EMR deployment is a public policy challenge with the federal government possibly spending more than $20 billion in stimulus funds to reimburse providers for EMR implementations.  EMR system implementations are like any business process reengineering project because they cause many challenges.  Employees are not always accepting of change and managing change effectively is critical to successful implementation of any new technology.  Additionally, new electronic technologies increase privacy issues while at the same time healthcare facilities are becoming stricter with confidentiality.  Electronic medical record implementation is complex, but the benefits of organization and improved healthcare outweigh the minor setbacks.  In this study, data was gathered from two healthcare facilities through interviews of the leaders of the EMR implementation process at each facility.  Trade journals and EMR vendor information was also explored.  The goal was to explore the phenomenon of the EMR implementation in this short term research project.
Proposed Financial Statement Changes: Reactions To The FASB-IASB Discussion Paper
Authors: Giacomino Don E. , Akers Michael D.
Published: February 2016

The purpose of this study was to obtain the opinions of future users of the financial statements: current undergraduate and graduate students in accounting and academia.  We found that the students show greater agreement with the proposed model than do the CPA’s.  In addition, we found that academia, as represented by the Financial Accounting Standards Committee of the American Accounting Association has a number of concerns regarding timing, user learning issues and impediments to learning, objectives and terminology and categorizing activities and assets and liabilities.
Detecting Fraud In Financial Data Sets
Authors: Geyer Dominique
Published: February 2016

An important neef of corporations for internal audits is the ability to detect fraudulently reported financial data. Benford’s Law is a probability distribution which is useful to analyse patterns of digits in numbers sets. A history of the origins of Benford’s Law is given and the types of data sets expected to follow Benford’s Law is discussed.  This paper examines how BA students falsify financial numbers.  The paper shows that they fail to imitate Benford’s law and that there are cheating behaviour patterns coherent with previous empirical studies.
Project Financing Versus Corporate Financing Under Asymmetric Information
Authors: Miglo Anton
Published: February 2016

In recent years, financing through the creation of an independent project company or financing by non-recourse debt has become an important part of corporate decisions. Shah and Thakor (JET, 1987) argue that project financing can be optimal when asymmetric information exists between firms’ insiders and market participants. In contrast to that paper, we provide an asymmetric information argument for project financing without relying on corporate taxes, costly information production or an assumption that firms have the same means of return. In addition, the model generates new predictions regarding asset securitization.
Examining The Relationship Between Commitment And Airline Loyalty And The Moderating Effect Of Uncertainty Avoidance
Authors: Anuwichanont Jirawat
Published: February 2016

Customer loyalty has long been of significant interest to both academic scholars and marketing practitioners. Considerable researches in marketing has long supported commitment as a major predictor of loyalty. Notwithstanding that the association between customers’ commitment and loyalty is well documented, little understanding of how the multi-dimensions of commitment influence customer loyalty in the airline context. Thus, the impact of the multidimensional conceptualization of commitment (informational complexity, position involvement and volitional choice) on loyalty was investigated in the airline context. Besides commitment, the examinations of the influence of brand affect and brand trust on loyalty constructs were also included. Moreover, the moderating effect of uncertainty avoidance on the links between brand affect and brand trust and loyalty was also taken into account. The empirical findings supported the three dimensions of commitment as the determinants of loyalty. But no support was found for the hypothesized relationships between informational complexity and attitudinal loyalty and between volitional choice and attitudinal loyalty. As hypothesized, brand affect contributes to predicting both attitudinal and behavioral loyalty; while brand trust influences solely on behavioral loyalty. Contrary to expectations, no support was found for the moderating effect of uncertainty avoidance on the relationships between brand affect and brand trust and loyalty constructs.
An Evaluation Of The Implementation Of Fair Value Accounting: Impact On Financial Reporting
Authors: Cascini Karen T. , DelFavero Alan
Published: February 2016

The accounting industry is in a state of continuous change.  In the United States, the historical cost principle has traditionally been the foundation of accounting.  Until recently, assets and liabilities have been required to be recorded at their acquisition prices, with the exception of designated financial assets and financial liabilities.  However, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has now created accounting standards that are distant from the cost principle.  Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157: Fair Value Measurements, issued in September 2006 (FAS157, now codified as ASC 820) and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159: The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, created in February 2007 (FAS159, now ASC 825-10-25), significantly increases the viability of fair value accounting. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the benefits and pitfalls of fair value and the corresponding affects on various stakeholders.   
A New And Better Way To Measure The Cost Of Equity Capital For Small Closely Held Firms
Authors: Boudreaux Denis O. , Rao Spuma , Underwood Jim , Rumore Nancy
Published: February 2016

The purpose of this paper is to explore the theoretical structure that underlies the valuation process for small closely held firms.  Specifically, cost of capital estimate methods which appear in the current literature are examined, and a theoretically correct and simple method to measure cost of equity capital for privately held companies is offered. 
Under-Reporting Of Returns By Alternative Asset Funds
Authors: Haber Jeffry , Braunstein Andrew
Published: February 2016

Self-reported interim rates of return have always drawn a skeptical eye. Alternative assets have generally provided the least transparency of any investment class, and thus the reported returns have often been considered suspect. A previous study compared the reported returns for a sample of alternative asset funds to the “true” returns (with the “true” return being defined as the rate of return needed to equate the cash flows from the investment), and found that the alternative asset funds generally provided accurate returns. This paper (using the same data set) examines the issue from a different perspective, and concludes that every single alternative asset fund in the sample actually under-reported the rate of return.
An Agent-Based Computational Economics Approach To Technology Adoption Timing And The Emergence Of Dominant Designs
Authors: Warner Alfred G. , Caliskan-Demirag Ozgun
Published: February 2016

Dominant technology designs emerge as the sum of adoption decisions across many firms. We take the position that if certain factors drive adoption by an individual firm, then in the aggregate, they may also illuminate the conditions under which a particular dominant design might emerge. In order to show this, we develop an agent-based computational model to explore linkages between firm specific, industry, and environmental factors, such as knowledge overlap, firm size, environmental uncertainty, and the scope of returns to adoption. We show that the significance of these factors varies with the stage of the technology contest. Early in the process, firms that have a compelling reason to adopt (such as to avoid obsolescence of key resources) choose to enter to create momentum for a particular approach. Other firms, due to indifference, inability or uncertainty, may defer until outcomes are clearer or choose not to adopt at all. More importantly, what constitutes a compelling reason for adoption varies with the nature of the firms that lead as innovators and the external environmental factors. On a broad scale, strong regularities in adoption timing and characteristics of technology winners emerge from the analysis.
Personal Branding And e-Professionalism
Authors: Ward Chris , Yates Dan
Published: February 2016

As early as the late 1990s, Tom Peters started the conversation about personal branding with his book The Brand Called You. This concept is not without its supporters and critics. Often people view personal branding as something negative such as bragging or possible view it as self-promotion. In the world of Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn, it is more important than ever that everyone, but primarily students, understand the implication of their online postings but also consider the importance of crafting, promoting, and defending their personal brand.
Cinética de la Transesterificación del Aceite de Palma con Metóxido de Calcio
Authors: Cardozo J. C. , Barrera Zapata Rolando , Giraldo S. A.
Published: February 2016

Se proponen dos modelos cinéticos para la transesterificación del aceite de palma con metanol utilizando óxido de calcio; el primero incluye la adsorción del alcohol y del aceite sobre el catalizador mediante mecanismos Langmuir-Hinshelwood, y el segundo considera solo la adsorción del alcohol a través de mecanismos Eley-Rideal. Para deducir los modelos propuestos se estudió el efecto de la variación de la relación molar alcohol/aceite (4.9-8.9), del%p/p de catalizador (0.3-0.7) y de la temperatura (328-338 K) sobre la velocidad de reacción. Los parámetros cinéticos se determinaron con el método de velocidades iniciales (t < 30 min.), y para validar los modelos se utilizaron datos tomados para tiempos de reacción mayores (hasta 240 min.). Se encontró que los modelos propuestos representan aceptablemente los datos experimentales con suma del cuadrado de residuales < 0.045 y aportan elementos al entendimiento del fenómeno catalítico al introducir conceptos de adsorción/desorción en la cinética de la reacción.

Palabras clave: Aceite de palma, Cinética heterogénea, Mecanismo de reacción, Mecanismos Langmuir- Hinshelwood, Mecanismos Eley-Rideal, Transesterificación, Óxido de calcio

Abstract
In this study, two new kinetic models for the palm oil transesterification with methanol, by using calcium oxide, are proposed. The first model, which includes the alcohol and the oil’s adsorption on the catalyst, is carried out by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanisms, while the second model only considers the alcohol adsorption on the solid, through the Eley-Rideal mechanisms. The Kinetic parameters were determined, by using the initial reaction rates method (t < 30 min), while the data taken for longer times (until 240 min) were used for the models validation. For the proposed models’ deduction, it was studied the alcohol/oil molar ratio’s variation eect (4.9-8.9), of the catalyst%w/w (0.3-0.7) and the temperature (328-338 K) on the reaction speed. The kinetic parameters were determined using the initial reaction rates method (t < 30 min), while the data taken for longer times (until 240 min) were used for models validation. It was found that the proposed models represent, an acceptable experimental data, according to the squared residuals’ sum < 0.045. The models contribute to this catalytic system understanding, by introducing the adsorption /desorption concepts, on the reaction kinetics. 

Key words: Calcium Oxide Eley-Rideal Mechanisms, Heterogeneous Kinetic, Langmuir-Hinshelwood
Mechanisms, Palm Oil, Reaction Mechanism
Ideales en el Anillo de Polinomios Torcidos R[x;;]
Authors: González Gutiérrez N. R. , Suárez Gómez Y. P.
Published: February 2016

El presente artículo busca presentar el Teorema de la Base de Hilbert en el anillo de polinomios torcido,
algunas clases de ideales que se definen en dicho anillo y qué condiciones son necesarias para que este
sea semiprimitivo, además se dan algunos ejemplos de las definiciones para su mejor comprensión. Las
demostraciones son tomadas de algunas referencias citadas en el artículo; justificando algunos pasos omitidos en estos textos. 
Palabras clave: Anillo de polinomios torcidos (skew), Anillo semiprimitivo, endomorfismo, -derivación.
Caracterización de bioaerosoles en tres edificaciones administrativas de Bogotá, 2012-2013. (Characterization of Bioaerosols in Administrative Buildings in Bogotá 2012-2013.)
Authors: Cardozo Becerra R. Y. , Araque Muñoz L. G.
Published: February 2016

ResumenEstudio observacional de corte transversal realizado en tres edificios administrativos de la ciudad de Bogotá, los cuales evidencian presencia de bioaerosoles cultivables y contables, contaminantes que podrían afectar la calidad del aire interior. Los bioaerosoles encontrados fueron comunes en los tres edificios, y en los siguientes porcentajes, en su orden: Aspergillus sp.: 77,2% (61) de las muestras tomadas para el edifico uno, 91% (30) para el dos y 100% (19) para el tres, Penicillium sp.: 60,8% (48) de las muestras para el edificio uno, 87,9% (29) para el edificio dos y 94,7% (18) para el edificio tres. Otro género encontrado en porcentajes altos en los tres edificios fue el Cladosporium sp. Los hallazgos se correlacionan con lo reportado por la literatura. Se hace relevante el monitoreo de la calidad del aire interior y el mantenimiento adecuado de los edificios, especialmente de los sistemas de ventilación mecánica, para así disminuir el riesgo biológico para los habitantes de edificios administrativos y evitar que estas construcciones arquitectónicas sean clasificadas dentro del síndrome del edificio enfermo. AbstractAn observational cross-sectional study which reveals the presence of some air pollutants such as, cultivable and accounting bioaerosols, that can aect the indoor air quality of the three administrative buildings analyzed, located in Bogotá city. A cultivable and accounting bioaerosols similar high percentage was found in all the analyzed samples of the three buildings. Aspergillus sp. was detected in 77.2% (61 samples), 91% (30 samples) and 100% (19 samples) of the whole buildings samples, number one, two and three respectively. On the other hand Penicillium sp. was identify in 60.8% (48 samples), 87.9% (29 samples) and 94.7% (18 samples) for the buildings number one, two and three respectively. In addition to these pollutants, it was found Cladosporium sp. All the results are correlated with the reported literature values. Therefore it is relevant to monitor the indoor air quality and maintenance of the buildings, specially the mechanical ventilation systems, in order to diminish the inhabitants biological risk due to the pollutants, and to avoid that these constructions can be classified within the syndrome of the sick building.
Análisis de la electrotransformación de lignina en la guadua “Angustifolia Kunth” del Quindío. (Lignin Electrotransformation Analysis in Bamboo “Angustifolia Kunth” from the Colombian Quindío Department.)
Authors: Reyes Pineda H. , Rodríguez J. A. , Cardona Hernándeza L. C.
Published: February 2016

ResumenEste estudio se centra en la utilización de la lignina de la guadua Angustifolia KUNTH, la cual constituye,aproximadamente, el 30% del total de la planta, en busca de su posible transformación, por vía electroquímica, a moléculas más simples. Para lograr este fin se utilizó guadua proporcionada por la Corporación Autónoma Regional del Quindío (CRQ), de su “Centro Nacional para el estudio del Bambú-Guadua”. Las muestras se acondicionaron y se les realizaron las digestiones necesarias para separar la lignina de sus otros componentes. La lignina tratada se llevó al reactor electroquímico, donde su análisis mostró la posible electrotransformación, utilizando la espectroscopia IR y la voltamperometría para ver posibles cambios estructurales. AbstractGuadua Angustifolia Kunth as any other plant species, is rich in cellulose, lignin and other chemicals.This study focuses on the use of lignin which is approximately 30% of the plant, looking for its possibleelectrochemical transformation into simpler molecules. To this end we used the bamboo provided by theAutonomous Regional Corporation of Quindío (CRQ), from its "National Center for the Study of Bamboo- Guadua". The samples were conditioned and the necessary digestions were performed, in order to separate the lignin from its other components. The lignin analysis treated by the electrochemical reactor, showed its possible electrotransformation, by using the IR spectroscopy and the voltammetry to see its viable structural changes.
Revisión taxonómica de los subgéneros Hyalodaphnia y Daphnia [género Daphnia], mediante el uso de marcadores moleculares y Código de Barras [COI]. (Taxonomic Revision of the Subgenus Daphnia and Hyalodaphnia [Daphnia genus] using Molecular Markers and Barcodes [COI].9
Authors: Huertas Rodríguez C. K. , Arrieta Violeta L.
Published: February 2016

ResumenEsta revisión analizó algunos estudios realizados con COI-Barcode, ND5, 12S RNAr y 16S RNAr, conel fin de esclarecer la confusión existente en la clasificación de los subgéneros Hyalodaphnia y Daphnia(género Daphnia). Los resultados indican que el uso del gen COI permitió identificar, a partir de unaespecie de D. tenebrosa clasificada anteriormente, tres especies provisionalmente diferentes, igualmente,tres especies de D. pulex parecen formar linajes monofiléticos en Churchill, Manitoba-Canadá. Para elmismo gen en el complejo D. pulex se obtuvieron siete especies provisionalmente diferentes en la población argentina. En el complejo D. pulex, en Norte América (Canadá y Estados Unidos) y Europa, usando el gen ND5, se obtuvieron nueve especies provisionalmente diferentes, tres de las cuales estaban erróneamente clasificadas como D. obtusa. Para el complejo D. galeata, del subgénero Hyalodaphnia, mediante el análisis del gen COI y 12S ADNr, se asignaron cuatro especies provisionalmente nuevas, así mismo, en el complejo D. longiremis se ubicó D. cristata. El estudio del complejo D. laevis en Norte América, analizando la variación de aloenzimas y los genes 12S y 16S ADNr, permitió discriminar cinco especies provisionalmente diferentes. Sin embargo, se recomienda realizar más estudios para confirmar la clasificación confusa del género Daphnia. AbstractThe objective of this review is to analyze some studies that clarify the taxonomic confusion about subgenera Hyalodaphnia y Daphnia of the genus Daphnia, through the studies with molecular markers and barcodes. The results were the following ones: the use of the gen COI allow to identify from specie of D. tenebrosa classified before, three provisionally dierent species, equally three species of D. pulex seems to form monophyletic lineages in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada. For the same gene in the complex D. pulex, it was obtained seven provisionally dierent species in the Argentina population. In the complex D. pulex in North America (Canada and United States) and Europe, using the ND5 gene nine provisionally dierent species were obtain, three of which were erroneously classified such as D. obtuse. For complex D. galeata, from the subgenus Hyalodaphnia through the analysis of the gene COI y 12S DNAr, were provisionally assigned four new species, also in the complex D. longiremis stood D. cristata. The study of the complex D. laevis in North America analyzing the variation of the allozymes and 12S and 16S DNAr genes, it allowed to discriminate five provisionally dierent species. However is recommended to realize more studies for confirming the confuse classification of the genus Daphnia.
Evaluación de la presencia de confusión en algunos miembros de la familia exponencial. (Evaluating the Presence of Confounding in Some Members of the Exponential Family)
Authors: Acosta Avena L. M. , Salazar Uribe J. C.
Published: February 2016

ResumenUna técnica recomendada en la literatura, para detectar si una variable es o no de confusión en un modelode Cox, es aplicada en algunos modelos de la familia exponencial. El objetivo es determinar si estatécnica es válida en los modelos logístico, Poisson y lineal clásico. Una técnica alternativa, basada en losodds, es propuesta para el caso del modelo logístico. Los resultados muestran que las técnicas tienen uncomportamiento similar cuando la confusión está presente en el modelo, sin embargo, la técnica propuestaresultó ser más efectiva en los escenarios en que hay ausencia de este fenómeno. AbstractA technique to detect confounding, which is recommended in the literature to detect confounders in the Cox models, is adapted and applied to some models of the exponential family. The aim is to assess whether this technique is useful in the logistic, Poisson and linear models. An alternative technique, based on the odds, is proposed for the case of the logistic model. The results show that the techniques have a similar behavior when confusion is present in the model, however, the proposed technique proved to be more eective in scenarios in which this phenomenon was absent.
Manipulación controlada de vórtices en muestras superconductoras 2D/3D
Authors: González Acosta J. , Aguilar Siado J. , Barba Ortega J.
Published: February 2016

Es bien conocido que la teoría de Ginzburg-Landau es una herramienta teórica confiable para investigar
el estado de Shubnikov en muestras superconductoras en presencia de campos magnéticos aplicados. En
este trabajo resolvemos el sistema de ecuaciones Ginzburg Landau en dos y tres dimensiones en dos casos
particulares: para un paralelepípedo de volumen Vp; con área transversal Sp = 9x 2(0), 36x 2(0) y altura
hp = 1x (0), 6x (0), donde x (0) es la longitud de coherencia y por otra parte, para un disco fino con un
defecto circular y triangular centrado con topología punto/anti-punto. En ambos casos las muestran estan
submersas en un campo magnético homogeneo. Los efectos de las fuerzas de anclaje/anti-anclaje debido a
los defectos en el disco y los efectos de demagnetización debido al tamaño finito del paralelepipedo sobre la configuración de vortices y campos críticos son discutidos. En el caso tridimensional, el campo magnético y el parámetro de orden no son invariantes a lo largo de la dirección z.
Oxidación catalítica heterogénea de R-(+)-limoneno sobre catalizadores tipo Jacobsen
Authors: Cubillos Lobo J. A. , Páez Guevara L. A. , Romanelli G. P.
Published: February 2016

El desarrollo de procesos catalíticos heterogéneos es muy deseable dado que se pueden superar las dificultades que presentan los catalizadores homogéneos, tales como la separación y el reciclado de estos
catalizadores. En este trabajo, reportamos que los catalizadores tipo Jacobsen son eficientes y selectivos
para la oxidación de R-(+)-limoneno a sus correspondientes diepóxidos cuando dimetildioxirano generado
in situ es utilizado como agente oxidante. Se demostró que la adición de NaHCO3 sólido, al inicio de la
reacción, mejora la actividad catalítica. Además, el catalizador puede ser recuperado y reutilizado al menos
dos veces sin pérdida significativa de su actividad catalítica inicial.
Estudio descriptivo-transversal del síndrome de Down en pacientes de Boyacá (Colombia)
Authors: Vergara Estupiñán E. J. , Forero Castro R. M. , Moreno Granados J. I.
Published: February 2016

El síndrome de Down (SD) es la aneuploidía autosómica más común y la principal causa de retraso mental de origen genético; se presenta en uno de cada 650 a 1000 nacidos vivos y genera una importante disminución en la calidad y expectativa de vida de los afectados. El objetivo del estudio fue realizar un análisis descriptivo del comportamiento poblacional de algunas de las variables relacionadas con la ocurrencia del SD en el departamento de Boyacá, las cuales han sido convencionalmente estudiadas en otras poblaciones del país y del mundo. En 43 localidades del departamento de Boyacá se encuestaron 140 núcleos familiares con por lo menos un caso de SD. Se estudiaron variables cualitativas y cuantitativas, tales como edad materna y paterna, antecedentes familiares y estudios genéticos realizados en los pacientes. Se observó que, en el departamento, el examen de cariotipo no es rutinariamente utilizado como apoyo diagnóstico para el estudio de anomalías cromosómicas como el SD, debido al alto costo y al acceso limitado a esta prueba. El mayor número de casos con SD se presentó en madres con edades entre 30 y 35 años (27,8% del total de casos). En las familias con casos recurrentes de SD se descartó, mediante cariotipo, la heredabilidad de alguna anormalidad 
cromosómica; sin embargo, se desconoció la incidencia de un factor genético en los abortos espontáneos ocurridos en las familias afectadas. Es recomendable implementar asesorías genéticas que informen sobre el origen y riesgo de recurrencia de casos de SD en la familia. De igual manera, es importante fomentar estudios citogenéticos que apoyen el diagnóstico de pacientes que puedan estar afectados por anormalidades cromosómicas, teniendo en cuenta que desde el año 2011 se incluyeron las pruebas citogenéticas en el listado de pruebas diagnósticas disponibles para la población colombiana en el plan obligatorio de salud.
Caracterización y variabilidad química de dos aceites esenciales de Croton funckianus (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Coy Barrera C. A. , Gómez D. C.
Published: February 2016

Para caracterizar químicamente el aceite esencial obtenido tanto de hojas como de frutos de dos muestras
de la especie Croton funckianus, colectadas en dos sitios diferentes (Fusagasugá y Bogotá), se realizó
el análisis cromatográfico por la técnica de cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas
(CG-EM), y posteriormente se compararon los perfiles obtenidos, determinando algunas diferencias para
el caso de las hojas y un alto porcentaje de similitudes para el caso de los frutos. El análisis del aceite
esencial de hojas de la especie Croton funckianus colectada en Fusagasugá mostró como componentes
principales citronelal, 22,8%; neral, 18,6%; carvona, 13,4%, y β-gurjuneno, 12,2%; mientras que para la
especie bogotana fueron linalool, 25,8%; α-terpineol, 26,9%; limoneno, 18,9%, y neral, 18,6%. Para el
caso de los frutos se observaron diferencias en cuanto al porcentaje de los componentes mayoritarios; para
la muestra de Fusagasugá: linalool, 25,0%; borneol, 15,5%, y neral, 18,6%, y para la especie de Bogotá:
linalool, 22%; borneol, 13%, y neral, 17,2%. 
Metodologías participativas y Facebook en el ámbito universitario
Authors: Serrat Antoli Nuria
Published: February 2016

La conexión entre el EEES, las metodologías participativas y las 2.0 es el núcleo de atención esta innovación. Como tal, pretende ir incorporando alguna de las herramientas 2.0 en el marco de la educación superior, con el objetivo de potenciar, reflexionar y aplicar metodologías participativas que el EEES solicita. El proyecto tiene por objetivo general sistematizar, aplicar y valorar un conjunto de metodologías participativas para la adquisición de determinadas competencias transversales y específicas (propias del ámbito de la formación de formadores) y utilizar las 2.0 (en concreto, Facebook) como entorno de intercambio en el que analizarlas y potenciarlas. La innovación ha utilizado dos herramientas básicas de recogida de información: anàlisis de contenido (el generado por parte de alumnos y docentes en el marco de la assignatura) y encuesta con 10 preguntas cerradas dirigidas al alumnado. Tras la aplicación de la innovación, algunas de las conclusiones pueden resumirse en: la baja participación que se generó en un primer momento; el cuestionamiento sobre la participación de carácter voluntario, que posiblemente se convirtió en un punto dèbil; destacar la potencialidad de Facebook como generador de conocimiento; el papel decisivo del dinamizador en Facebook; el interés despertado por cuestiones no directamente vinculadas con la asignatura però si vinculada con “la vida” del estudiante; y la potencialidad de la plataforma para el intercambio de información relacionada con una determinada temática.
Evaluación del perfil competencial de alumnos universitarios respecto a la educación tecnológica
Authors: Díaz María Dolores , Martín Jaime Juan Jesús
Published: February 2016

Los docentes deben hacer uso de las nuevas tecnología para poder realizar un trabajo eficaz en la actual sociedad, donde los procesos educativos están basados en una cada vez mayor cantidad de información y conocimientos.La formación inicial de estos futuros docentes debe estar impregnada de experiencias enriquecidas con las tic.El estudio que se ofrece a continuación pretende conocer y analizar la percepción del alumnado de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Málaga  en relación con la adquisición de las competencias profesionales, referentes a las nuevas tecnologías, necesarias para el desempeño laboral de su profesión.La investigación es descriptiva y la recogida de información se realiza a través de un cuestionario online realizado y validado previamente para los alumnos de los distintos estudios de grado, licenciaturas y Másteres Oficiales de Postgrado de  Ciencias de la Educación.Los datos y resultados obtenidos son relevantes para determinar nuevas estrategias que permitan la adecuación entre las demandas laborales y la formación académico-profesional adquirida durante los estudios universitarios
Implementación de los PLE, ¿necesidad perentoria en la semipresencialidad, para promover la construcción colectiva del conocimiento?
Authors: Gómez Barajas Elba Rosa , Negrete Salazar Luis Armando
Published: February 2016

El presente artículo es una descripción teórica en el contexto del Centro Universitario de los Valles de la Universidad de Guadalajara. En esta investigación que aún no tienen resultados contundentes, se describen algunas de las problemáticas actuales que del uso de la Plataforma Moodle se detectaron en el alumnado en la Modalidad Educativa Semipresencial del CUValles. Se encuentra bastante interesante sumergirse en el mundo de los PLE (Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje), como una manera de promover la heterogeneidad de herramientas disponibles en el Internet, para que el alumno elija entre la gran diversidad de dispositivos, contenidos, almacenajes, modos de interacción y trabajo colectivo, de acuerdo a su manera propia de aprender. Se describen algunas de las competencias que mediante la utilización de los Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje (PLE), pueden adquirir los estudiantes, basados en los preceptos de las Tecnologías Emergentes. En un estudio diagnóstico previo, realizado en 2014 por tres investigadores del Laboratorio de Innovación y Calidad Educativa, se encontró que los alumnos no utilizan muchas de las herramientas propias de la Moodle. Ésta es utilizada para el envío de tareas (repositorio), más que para actividades de co-construcción del conocimiento e intercambio de información. No es utilizada para la interacción on-line y off-line entre profesores y alumnos, alumnos-alumnos, etc. Es pues una forma de trabajar de manera más individualizada y poco lúdica, y con una casi nula posibilidad de promover el aprendizaje significativo, la autogestión y los proyectos por medio de la Inteligencia Colectiva. En el Centro Universitario de los Valles se utiliza la plataforma Moodle de manera institucionalizada, es decir que es la oficialmente reconocida para que alumnos y profesores interaccionen y complementen las actividades que se realizan en el cara a cara, y por tanto el resto de los días convergen en este LMS (Learning Management System).
Diversidad de usos de Facebook en la educación superior. Análisis desde un caso de estudio.
Authors: López de la Madrid María Cristina , Flores Guerrero Katiuzka , Espinoza de los Monteros Cárdenas Adolfo
Published: February 2016

El uso de las redes sociales ha marcado un momento excepcional dentro de la comunicación entre los humanos. La posibilidad de conectarse con personas de cualquier continente, de una forma rápida y eficaz, es sólo uno de los alcances que tienen estas redes, cuyo principal exponente ha sido Facebook, creado en 2004 por un grupo de estudiantes universitarios, y que en 2015 alcanzó un histórico de 1,490 millones de usuarios activos, lo que representa poco más del 20% de la población mundial. Para conocer los diferentes usos que se le dan a Facebook en la educación superior, se realizó una investigación en el Centro Universitario del Sur (CUSur), de la Universidad de Guadalajara, entre octubre de 2012 y noviembre de 2013. Se trabajaron varias etapas con diferentes actores: docentes, alumnos y Coordinadores de Carrera, buscando con ello tener una representación que integrara los ámbitos de docencia, aprendizaje y administración. Las fases del trabajo fueron las siguientes: se inició con un grupo focal con 9 docentes; posteriormente, se realizaron 10 entrevistas a los Coordinadores de Carrera del CUSur. A partir de algunos de los datos obtenidos, se diseñó una encuesta de reactivos cerrados dirigida a los docentes, y aplicada al 90.5% de los profesores que en el 2013 señalaron contar con una cuenta de Facebook para trabajo académico (143 docentes). Como una última fase se trabajó un grupo focal con alumnos de diferentes licenciaturas. En la triangulación de los resultados, se observa que los usos en los que coinciden los actores de esta investigación son: comunicación con docentes y alumnos; asesoría y tutorías; circulación de materiales y documentos varios, y actividades de formación y actualización. Se  concluye que Facebook puede llegar a tener un importante potencial para enriquecer los procesos educativos, siempre y cuando los docentes, alumnos y administrativos hagan un uso consciente y dirigido de ésta red.
Barreras para la integración de buenas prácticas con TIC. Estudio de caso.
Authors: Padilla Partida Siria , Moreno Carlos Iván , Hernández Castañeda Rosario
Published: February 2016

Esta investigación analiza las barreras u obstáculos para la integración de las buenas prácticas educativas con TIC, en la segunda más grande universidad pública de México: La Universidad de Guadalajara. Se analiza el caso del Centro Universitario de Ciencias Económico Administrativas (CUCEA), el cual es uno de los 15 centros universitarios que integran la red universitaria de la UdeG. Para esta investigación fue diseñado un cuestionario cerrado, tipo rubrica, con una escala de 5 puntos que iba desde no se ha iniciado hasta consolidado, para poder identificar cuáles eran los principales obstáculos percibidos por los profesores para integrar las TIC en las prácticas educativas. El cuestionario estuvo dividido en dos partes, la primera exploraba las barreras atribuidas a la institución educativa, y la segunda, las barreras atribuidas a los profesores. El muestreo fue representativo y aleatorio, con una muestra de 210 profesores de un total de 460. Los resultados identificaron como los mayores obstáculos: La falta de incentivos para integrar las TIC en la enseñanza con 382 puntos de un total de 1055, la falta de flexibilidad curricular con 483 puntos, y por último, la falta de confianza en la educación a distancia con 583 puntos.