bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gamma3 nail with U-Blade (RC) lag screw is effective with better surgical outcomes in trochanteric hip fractures
Authors: Han Seung-Beom , Jung Jae-Kyun , Jang Chul-Young , Kwak Dae-Kyung , Kim Jeong-Woo , Yoo Je-Hyun
Published: April 2020

The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the surgical outcomes of AO/OTA 31 A1-3 trochanteric fractures treated with the new-generation Gamma3 nail with U-Blade (RC) lag screw and to analyze the risk factors related to fixation failure. A total of 318 consecutive patients who underwent cephalomedullary nailing using Gamma3 nail with U-Blade lag screw for trochanteric hip fractures between September 2015 and June 2018 were enrolled. The average age was 80 years and most patients (69%) were women. The mean follow-up was 12.2 months with a minimum of 6 months. 309 (97.2%) showed bony union with a mean time to union of 13.5 ± 8.7 weeks. Cut-out occurred in 2 patients (0.6%) and 7 patients showed excessive collapse (≥15 mm) of the proximal fragment. These 9 patients were assigned to the failure group. The presence of a basicervical fracture component and comminution of the anterior cortex on preoperative 3-D CT showed a significant association with fixation failure, including cut-out, although comminution of the anterior cortex was the only independent risk factor for fixation failure on multivariate logistic regression analysis. Gamma3 nail with U-Blade lag screw showed favorable results for trochanteric hip fractures, with low cut-out rate (0.6%). However, more caution is required in treating trochanteric fractures with a basicervical fracture component and anterior cortex comminution even with this nail.
Sprifermin (rhFGF18) versus vehicle induces a biphasic process of extracellular matrix remodeling in human knee OA articular cartilage ex vivo
Authors: Reker D. , Siebuhr A. S. , Thudium C. S. , Gantzel T. , Ladel C. , Michaelis M. , Aspberg A. , Berchtold M. W. , Karsdal M. A. , Gigout A. , Bay-Jensen A. C.
Published: April 2020

Sprifermin, recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 18 (rhFGF18), induces cartilage regeneration in knees of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that a temporal multiphasic process of extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and formation underlie this effect. We aimed to characterize the temporal ECM remodeling of human knee OA articular cartilage in response to sprifermin treatment. Articular cartilage explants from patients with knee OA (npatients = 14) were cultured for 70 days, with permanent exposure to sprifermin (900, 450, 225 ng/mL), FGF18 (450 ng/mL), insulin-like growth factor-1 (100 ng/mL, positive control) or vehicle (nreplicates/treatment/patient = 2). Metabolic activity (AlamarBlue) and biomarkers of type IIB collagen (PIIBNP) formation (Pro-C2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) and aggrecanase-mediated aggrecan neo-epitope NITEGE (AGNx1 ELISA) were quantified once a week. At end of culture (day 70), gene expression (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) and proteoglycan content (Safranin O/Fast green staining) were quantified. The cartilage had continuously increased metabolic activity, when treated with sprifermin/FGF18 compared to vehicle. During days 7–28 PIIBNP was decreased and NITEGE was increased, and during days 35–70 PIIBNP was increased. At end of culture, the cartilage had sustained proteoglycan content and relative expression of ACAN < COL2A1 < SOX9 < COL1A1, indicating that functional chondrocytes remained in the explants. Sprifermin induces a temporal biphasic cartilage remodeling in human knee OA articular cartilage explants, with early-phase increased aggrecanase activity and late-phase increased type II collagen formation.
SMRT sequencing of the Oryza rufipogon genome reveals the genomic basis of rice adaptation
Authors: Li Wei , Li Kui , Huang Ying , Shi Cong , Hu Wu-Shu , Zhang Yun , Zhang Qun-Jie , Xia En-Hua , Hutang Ge-Ran , Zhu Xun-Ge , Liu Yun-Long , Liu Yuan , Tong Yan , Zhu Ting , Huang Hui , Dan Zhang  , Zhao Yuan , Jiang Wen-Kai , Yuan Jie , Niu Yong-Chao , Gao Cheng-Wen , Gao Li-Zhi
Published: April 2020

Asian cultivated rice is believed to have been domesticated from a wild progenitor, Oryza rufipogon, offering promising sources of alleles for world rice improvement. Here we first present a high-quality chromosome-scale genome of the typical O. rufipogon. Comparative genomic analyses of O. sativa and its two wild progenitors, O. nivara and O. rufipogon, identified many dispensable genes functionally enriched in the reproductive process. We detected millions of genomic variants, of which large-effect mutations could affect agronomically relevant traits. We demonstrate how lineage-specific expansion of gene families may have contributed to the formation of reproduction isolation. We document thousands of genes with signatures of positive selection that are mainly involved in the reproduction and response to biotic- and abiotic stresses. We show that selection pressures may serve as forces to govern substantial genomic alterations that form the genetic basis of rapid evolution of mating and reproductive systems under diverse habitats.
The [4Fe-4S] cluster of sulfurtransferase TtuA desulfurizes TtuB during tRNA modification in Thermus thermophilus
Authors: Chen Minghao , Ishizaka Masato , Narai Shun , Horitani Masaki , Shigi Naoki , Yao Min , Tanaka Yoshikazu
Published: April 2020

TtuA and TtuB are the sulfurtransferase and sulfur donor proteins, respectively, for biosynthesis of 2-thioribothymidine (s2T) at position 54 of transfer RNA (tRNA), which is responsible for adaptation to high temperature environments in Thermus thermophilus. The enzymatic activity of TtuA requires an iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster, by which a sulfur atom supplied by TtuB is transferred to the tRNA substrate. Here, we demonstrate that the Fe-S cluster directly receives sulfur from TtuB through its inherent coordination ability. TtuB forms a [4Fe-4S]-TtuB intermediate, but that sulfur is not immediately released from TtuB. Further desulfurization assays and mutation studies demonstrated that the release of sulfur from the thiocarboxylated C-terminus of TtuB is dependent on adenylation of the substrate tRNA, and the essential residue for TtuB desulfurization was identified. Based on these findings, the molecular mechanism of sulfur transfer from TtuB to Fe-S cluster is proposed.
Acetylation of histone H3K27 signals the transcriptional elongation for estrogen receptor alpha
Authors: Gao Yujing , Chen Lijia , Han Yali , Wu Fangrui , Yang Wen-Si , Zhang Zheng , Huo Tong , Zhu Yingmin , Yu Chengtai , Kim Hong , Lee Mark , Tang Zhen , Phillips Kevin , He Bin , Jung Sung Yun , Song Yongcheng , Zhu Bokai , Xu Rui-Ming , Feng Qin
Published: April 2020

As approximately 70% of human breast tumors are estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive, estrogen and ERα play essential roles in breast cancer development. By interrupting the ERα signaling pathway, endocrine therapy has been proven to be an effective therapeutic strategy. In this study, we identified a mechanism by which Transcription Start Site (TSS)-associated histone H3K27 acetylation signals the Super Elongation Complex (SEC) to regulate transcriptional elongation of the ESR1 (ERα) gene. SEC interacts with H3K27ac on ESR1 TSS through its scaffold protein AFF4. Depletion of AFF4 by siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 dramatically reduces expression of ESR1 and its target genes, consequently inhibiting breast cancer cell growth. More importantly, a AFF4 mutant which lacks H3K27ac interaction failed to rescue ESR1 gene expression, suggesting H3K27 acetylation at TSS region is a key mark bridging the transition from transcriptional initiation to elongation, and perturbing SEC function can be an alternative strategy for targeting ERα signaling pathway at chromatin level.
Effects of harvesting and extraction methods on metabolite recovery from adherently growing mammalian cells
Authors: Luo Yun , Geng Ningbo , Zhang Baoqin , Chen Jiping , Zhang Haijun
Published: April 2020

We compare the efficiencies of different cell harvesting methods and metabolite extraction methods in sample preparation procedures and provide a cell sample processing protocol which focuses on maximizing metabolite recovery ranging from polar to lipidic ones.
Tumbling with a limp: local asymmetry in water's hydrogen bond network and its consequences
Authors: Elgabarty Hossam , Kühne Thomas D.
Published: April 2020

Ab initiomolecular dynamics simulations of ambient liquid water and energy decomposition analysis have recently shown that water molecules exhibit significant asymmetry between the strengths of the two donor and/or the two acceptor interactions.
Ergosterol peroxide from Pleurotus ferulae inhibits gastrointestinal tumor cell growth through induction of apoptosis via reactive oxygen species and endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Yang Yi , Luo Xiaoyu , Yasheng Mayila , Zhao Jun , Li Jinyu , Li Jinyao
Published: April 2020

Ergosterol peroxide was purified from Pleurotus ferulae by silica gel chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and recrystallization and named as PFEP, which was identified by ESI-MS and NMR.
Biological promiscuity of a binuclear Cu(ii) complex of aminoguanidine Schiff base: DNA binding, anticancer activity and histidine sensing ability of the complex
Authors: Mondal Antu , Das Chandrima , Corbella Montse , Bauzá Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Saha Moumita , Mondal Sanchaita , Das Saha Krishna , Chattopadhyay Shyamal Kumar
Published: April 2020

A binuclear Cu(ii) complex of aminoguanidine shows strong DNA binding activity and encouraging anti-cancer activity against HCT-16 cells. The complex can also be used for selective spectrophotomteric or fluorometric determination of histidine.
Roles of hydrothermal-alkaline treatment in tannery sludge reduction: rheological properties and sludge reduction mechanism analysis
Authors: Zhai Shimin , Xiong Yonghui , Li Min , Wang Dong , Fu Shaohai
Published: April 2020

The hydrothermal-alkaline treatment (HAT) is an efficient sludge reduction method.
Intramolecular Csp3–H/C–C bond amination of alkyl azides for the selective synthesis of cyclic imines and tertiary amines
Authors: Wen Xiaojin , Li Xinyao , Luo Xiao , Wang Weijin , Song Song , Jiao Ning
Published: April 2020

A novel intramolecular cyclization of alkyl azides for the synthesis of cyclic imines and tertiary amines has been developed. The aliphatic C–H or C–C bond was selectively cleaved with the efficient formation of two C–N single bonds or a CN double bond.
Development of a facile and sensitive method for detecting alkaline phosphatase activity in serum with fluorescent gold nanoclusters based on the inner filter effect
Authors: Qi Shengda , Zheng Huanhuan , Qin Hongyan , Zhai Honglin
Published: April 2020

In this work, a simple and sensitive method based on the inner filter effect (IFE) of p-nitrophenol (PNP) on the fluorescence of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) has been developed for detecting alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.
Mass spectrometry imaging of thin-layer chromatography plates using laser desorption/low-temperature plasma ionisation
Authors: García-Rojas Nancy Shyrley , Moreno-Pedraza Abigail , Rosas-Román Ignacio , Ramírez-Chávez Enrique , Molina-Torres Jorge , Winkler Robert
Published: April 2020

An open development kit for ambient ionisation enables the fast scanning and visualisation of TLC plates with high lateral resolution.
Development of a paper-immobilized yeast biosensor for the detection of physiological concentrations of doxycycline in technology-limited settings
Authors: Miller Rachel A. , Brown Galen , Barron Elsa , Luther Jamie L. , Lieberman Marya , Goodson Holly V.
Published: April 2020

To combat pharmaceutical counterfeiting in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), there is a need for improved low-cost, portable methods that monitor pharmaceutical concentrations relevant to dosage forms and physiological fluids.
Catalyst and additive-free oxidative dual C–H sulfenylation of imidazoheterocycles with elemental sulfur using DMSO as a solvent and an oxidant
Authors: Guo Tao , Wei Xu-Ning , Zhang Miao , Liu Yu , Zhu Li-Min , Zhao Yun-Hui
Published: April 2020

A practical, catalyst- and additive-free method for the oxidative dual C–H sulfenylation of imidazoheterocycles with nucleophiles and elemental sulfur using DMSO as both the solvent and oxidant was developed.
An allenylidene Au(i) catalyst derived from triazole units and its initial application
Authors: Chen Bai-Ling , Zhang Yuan , Lei Ya-Ru , Wang Hui-Ming , Chen Zili
Published: April 2020

First example of allenylidene Au(i) catalyst, based upon alkynyl triazole unit, was developed and utilized in Au(i) mediated Nazarov reaction.
Modelling a ‘histidine brace’ motif in mononuclear copper monooxygenases
Authors: Fukatsu Arisa , Morimoto Yuma , Sugimoto Hideki , Itoh Shinobu
Published: April 2020

A mononuclear copper complex bearing a ‘histidine brace’ is synthesised and characterised as an active-site model of mononuclear copper monooxygenases such as lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) and particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO).
Synthetic access to calix[3]pyrroles via meso-expansion: hosts with diverse guest chemistry
Authors: Sathish Kumar B. , Pati Narendra N. , Jose K. V. Jovan , Panda Pradeepta K.
Published: April 2020

The bridging units between the two α-positions of the tripyrrane moiety helped in manipulating the guest binding ability of calix[3]pyrroles.
On-demand acid-gated fluorescence switch-on in photo-generated nanospheres
Authors: Hooker Jordan P. , Feist Florian , Delafresnaye Laura , Cavalli Federica , Barner Leonie , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: April 2020

Polymer particles are synthesized using a photo-activeortho-methyl benzaldehyde with a terminal alkyne for cross-linking. The reactive 1,4-dihydronaphthalene at every cross-linking point undergoes aromatisation to a fluorescent naphthalene upon exposure to acid.
A host–guest ATP responsive strategy for intracellular delivery of phosphopeptides
Authors: Han Bei-Bei , Pan Yu-Chen , Li Yan-Mei , Guo Dong-Sheng , Chen Yong-Xiang
Published: April 2020

A new host–guest ATP responsive strategy for efficient intracellular delivery of phosphopeptides using a pegylated arginine clustered calix[5]arene nanocarrier system.
Boronate ester cross-linked PVA hydrogels for the capture and H2O2-mediated release of active fluorophores
Authors: Williams George T. , Sedgwick Adam C. , Sen Sajal , Gwynne Lauren , Gardiner Jordan E. , Brewster James T. , Hiscock Jennifer R. , James Tony D. , Jenkins A. Toby A. , Sessler Jonathan L.
Published: April 2020

A new set of H2O2-responsive PVA hydrogels were formed using the boronate fluorescent probe PF1 and the novel boronate fluorescent probe PT1 as the covalent crosslinkers.
Mechanistic investigations into synergistically enhanced radiative-charge-transfer in Au–Ag bimetallic nanoclusters
Authors: Liu Jianbo , Zhao Rusong , Wang Xia , Gao Xuwen , Zou Guizheng
Published: April 2020

Synergetic effects in Au–Ag bimetallic nanoclusters more favorably enhanced electrochemical redox induced electrochemiluminescence over photoexcitation induced photoluminescence.
Enhanced near-infrared luminescence in Ln2Cd2 (Ln = Nd, Yb) heterotetranuclear complexes
Authors: Qi Yue , Sun Ou , Zhou Yanyan , Yao Yuan , Cheng Zhenyu , Gao Ting , Li Hongfeng
Published: April 2020

Due to the effect of the combination of the rigid structure and synergistic interactions of two ligands on energy transfer, the Cd–Ln complexes show excellent NIR luminescence properties with the QYs reaching 0.34% for Nd3+ and 2.13% for Yb3+.
Targeted crystal growth of uranium gallophosphates via the systematic exploration of the UF4–GaPO4–ACl (A = Cs, Rb) phase space
Authors: Juillerat Christian A. , Klepov Vladislav V. , Smith Mark D. , zur Loye Hans-Conrad
Published: April 2020

The flux synthesis of a uranium gallophosphate and a uranium gallate, Cs4[UO2Ga2(PO4)4] and Cs2UO2Ga2O5, and 4 uranium phosphates, [Rb2Rb3.93Cl0.93][(UO2)5(PO4)5], Rb11[(UO2)8(PO4)9], Rb7.6[(UO2)8O8.6F0.4(PO4)2], and Rb6[(UO2)5O2(PO4)4], is reported.
Time-resolved, broadband UV-absorption spectrometry measurements of Criegee intermediate kinetics using a new photolytic precursor: unimolecular decomposition of CH2OO and its reaction with formic acid
Authors: Peltola Jari , Seal Prasenjit , Inkilä Anni , Eskola Arkke
Published: April 2020

We present a time-resolved broadband cavity-enhanced UV-absorption spectrometer apparatus that we have constructed and utilized for temperature- and pressure-dependent kinetic measurements of formaldehyde oxide (CH2OO) reactions.
Selenium-catalyzed oxidation of alkenes: insight into the mechanisms and developing trend
Authors: Cao Hongen , Qian Rongrong , Yu Lei
Published: April 2020

Recent progresses of the selenium-catalyzed oxidation of alkenes are summarized at the mechanism level. It may be beneficial for designing novel selenium-containing catalysts and alkene oxidation protocols for the next phase of studies.
X-ray/red-light excited ZGGO:Cr,Nd nanoprobes for NIR-I/II afterglow imaging
Authors: Jiang Rongyun , Yang Jian , Meng Yangqi , Yan Duanting , Liu Chunguang , Xu Changshan , Liu Yuxue
Published: April 2020

NIR-I/II afterglow nanoprobes for deep-tissue autofluorescence-free bioimaging were developed based on the persistent energy transfer.
Highly efficient bifacial CsPbIBr2 solar cells with a TeO2/Ag transparent electrode and unsymmetrical carrier transport behavior
Authors: Chen Dazheng , Fan Gang , Zhu Weidong , Yang Haifeng , Xi He , He Fengqing , Lin Zhenhua , Zhang Jincheng , Zhang Chunfu , Hao Yue
Published: April 2020

Bright red CsPbIBr2 films possess intrinsic semitransparent features, which make them promising materials for smart photovoltaic windows, power curtain walls, top cells for tandem solar cells, and bifacial photovoltaics.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of insectAlphitobius diaperinustowards the development of bioactive peptide hydrolysates
Authors: Sousa Pedro , Borges Sandra , Pintado Manuela
Published: April 2020

Edible insects are a promising protein source for the future generation, due to their nutritional composition, sustainability and low environmental impact.
The development of lentil derived protein–iron complexes and their effects on iron deficiency anemia in vitro
Authors: Evcan Ezgi , Gulec Sukru
Published: April 2020

Lentil derived proteins have the capacity to chelate iron minerals and hydrolysed protein–iron complexes have functional properties on iron deficiency anemia in in vitro by influencing mRNA levels of iron regulating genes.
Sustainable remediation with an electroactive biochar system: mechanisms and perspectives
Authors: Wan Zhonghao , Sun Yuqing , Tsang Daniel C. W. , Hou Deyi , Cao Xinde , Zhang Shicheng , Gao Bin , Ok Yong Sik
Published: April 2020

Biochar-based carbocatalysis is synergized from electroactive components including reactive-active moieties, metals, defective sites, heteroatoms, and graphitic structure for sustainable remediation.
Scalable synthesis of hydroxymethyl alkylfuranoates as stable 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid precursors
Authors: Pedersen Martin Jæger , Jurys Arminas , Pedersen Christian Marcus
Published: April 2020

Hydroxymethyl furanoic acid and its derivatives have been synthesized in high yields and purity from gluconolactone.
Re-examination of complexation behaviors of V(v) and V(iv): experimental investigation and theoretical simulation
Authors: Li Hong-Yi , Li Dan-Qing , Yang Yang , Zhang Xie , Diao Jiang , Xie Bing
Published: April 2020

This work has corrected the assumed over-assessed stability constants and tensioned stereo structures of V–EDTA complexes.
A total consumption (up to 75 μL min−1) infrared-heated sample introduction system for inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
Authors: Al Hejami Ahmed , Burgener Mirah J. , Burgener John , Beauchemin Diane
Published: April 2020

A compact infrared-heated sample introduction system provides similar analytical performance with higher robustness and faster washout than commercially available nebulization systems.
Zr-Based MOFs as new photocatalysts for the rapid reduction of Cr(vi) in water
Authors: Xie Haimei , Ma Duomou , Liu Wanyan , Chen Qian , Zhang Yong , Huang Jian , Zhang Hua , Jin Zhen , Luo Tao , Peng Fumin
Published: April 2020

The hydroxyl modified Zr-based MOFs is used for photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium existing in wastewater.
Ligand conformations and spin states in sandwich-type complexes of the split (3+2) five-electron donor hydrocarbon ligand bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-dien-4-yl (bcod)
Authors: Li Huidong , Wan Di , Wu Xueke , Fu Jia , Fan Zhixiang , Fan Qunchao , King R. Bruce
Published: April 2020

Sandwich-type structures are energetically preferred for the bis(bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-dien-4-yl) complexes of the first row transition metals (bcod)2M including the experimentally known chromium and iron derivatives.
One step conversion of 1,5-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene to salts of “back to back” bis-acridine derivatives
Authors: Yang Songjie , Bristow Jonathan C. , Addicoat Matthew A. , Wallis John D.
Published: April 2020

1,5-Bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene can be oxidized directly to a dication or a cation derived from an acridino-acridine, the former stabilised by two dimethyliminium substituents, while the latter has a dimethylated nitrogen in the ring system.
An in situ assay of nerve agents enabled by a self-assembled bienzymatic electrochemical biosensor
Authors: Bu Lijuan , Guo Lei , Xie Jianwei
Published: April 2020

A new self-assembled bienzymatic electrochemical biosensor is proposed to in situ detect NAs and readily investigate the inhibition processes of NAs using a single step protocol.
Harvesting greenish blue luminescence in gold(i) complexes and their application as promising bioactive molecules and cellular bioimaging agents
Authors: Favarin Lis R. V. , Laranjeira G. B. , Teixeira Cristiane F. A. , Silva Heveline , Micheletti A. C. , Pizzuti Lucas , Machulek Júnior Amilcar , Caires Anderson R. L. , Deflon Victor M. , Pesci Rafaela B. P. , Rocha C. N. Lima , Correa J. R. , Pinto L. M. C. , Casagrande Gleison Antônio
Published: April 2020

This work presents new gold materials as promising antitumoral and antibacterial agents and their potential use as luminescent probes for cellular bioimaging.
Ligand exchange on noble metal nanocrystals assisted by coating and etching of cuprous oxide
Authors: Zhou Chunyu , Bai Yaocai , Yang Fan , Sun Tao , Zhang Liang , Cai Yuanqing , Gu Tao , Liu Yun , Gong Mingfu , Zhang Dong , Yin Yadong
Published: April 2020

We report an oxide-assisted coating-etching process to remove bio-incompatible capping ligands from the surface of noble metal nanocrystals.
Simultaneous electrochemical detection of levodapa, paracetamol and l-tyrosine based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Li Zai-Yu , Gao Dan-Yang , Wu Zhi-Yong , Zhao Shuang
Published: April 2020

A novel electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous detection of levodopa, paracetamol and l-tyrosine was developed based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The sensor has the merits of wide linear range, good selectivity and good reproducibility.
Rapid and selective recognition of Vibrio parahaemolyticus assisted by perfluorinated alkoxysilane modified molecularly imprinted polymer film
Authors: Fu Kaiyue , Zhang Huiwen , Guo Yuanyuan , Li Juan , Nie Heran , Song Xiuling , Xu Kun , Wang Juan , Zhao Chao
Published: April 2020

Molecular imprinting technology offers a means of tailor-made materials with high affinity and selectivity for certain analysts.
Effect of a direct sulfonation reaction on the functional properties of thermally-crosslinked electrospun polybenzoxazine (PBz) nanofibers
Authors: Parreño Ronaldo P. , Liu Ying-Ling , Beltran Arnel B. , Carandang Maricar B.
Published: April 2020

Functionalization of PBz by electrospinning of nanofibers then thermal crosslinking followed by direct sulfonation process.
High antiviral activity of mercaptoethane sulfonate functionalized Te/BSA nanostars against arterivirus and coronavirus
Authors: Zhou Yanrong , Jiang Xiaohan , Tong Ting , Fang Liurong , Wu Yuan , Liang Jiangong , Xiao Shaobo
Published: April 2020

Mercaptoethane sulfonate functionalised Te/BSA nanostars are prepared and exhibit excellent antiviral activity against arteriviruses and coronaviruses.
Quasi-solid-state highly stretchable circular knitted MnO2@CNT supercapacitor
Authors: Park Taegyu , Jang Yongwoo , Park Jong Woo , Kim Hyunsoo , Kim Seon Jeong
Published: April 2020

Flexible and stretchable double-walled circular knitted MnO2@CNT supercapacitors shows high performance, electrochemical and mechanical stability and can be used for wearable electronics.
Cobalt oxysulphide/hydroxide nanosheets with dual properties based on electrochromism and a charge storage mechanism
Authors: Kalasina Saran , Kongsawatvoragul Ketsuda , Phattharasupakun Nutthaphon , Phattharaphuti Phitchayapha , Sawangphruk Montree
Published: April 2020

The charge storage mechanism of mixed cobalt oxysulphide/hydroxide materials having electrochromic properties was investigated.
Synthesis of 3-selanylbenzo[b]furans promoted by SelectFluor®
Authors: Diem Ferreira Xavier Maurício Carpe , Andia Sandagorda Eduardo Martarelo , Santos Neto José Sebastião , Schumacher Ricardo Frederico , Silva Márcio Santos
Published: April 2020

This novel methodology provided a greener alternative to generate 3-substituted-benzo[b]furans mediate by Selectfluor® reagent. The formation of this electrophilic selenium species (RSe-F) was confirmed by heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy.
Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of tetrasubstituted chromanones via palladium-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate arylation using chiral pyridine-dihydroisoquinoline ligands
Authors: Baek Doohyun , Ryu Huijeong , Ryu Ji Yeon , Lee Junseong , Stoltz Brian M. , Hong Sukwon
Published: April 2020

The first palladium-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate addition reactions of arylboronic acids to 2-substituted chromones with chiral pyridine-dihydroisoquinoline ligands have been developed.
Machine learning dihydrogen activation in the chemical space surrounding Vaska's complex
Authors: Friederich Pascal , dos Passos Gomes Gabriel , De Bin Riccardo , Aspuru-Guzik Alán , Balcells David
Published: April 2020

A machine learning exploration of the chemical space surrounding Vaska's complex.
A pH ratiometrically responsive surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering probe for tumor acidic margin delineation and image-guided surgery
Authors: Duan Wenjia , Yue Qi , Liu Ying , Zhang Yunfei , Guo Qinghua , Wang Cong , Yin Shujie , Fan Dandan , Xu Wenjing , Zhuang Jiexian , Gong Jiachao , Li Xinwei , Huang Ruimin , Chen Liang , Aime Silvio , Wang Zhongliang , Feng Jianfeng , Mao Ying , Zhang Xiao-Yong , Li Cong
Published: April 2020

A novel pH ratiometrically responsive surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) probe was developed for tumor acidic margin delineation and image-guided surgery.
What is the role of acid–acid interactions in asymmetric phosphoric acid organocatalysis? A detailed mechanistic study using interlocked and non-interlocked catalysts
Authors: Jansen Dennis , Gramüller Johannes , Niemeyer Felix , Schaller Torsten , Letzel Matthias C. , Grimme Stefan , Zhu Hui , Gschwind Ruth M. , Niemeyer Jochen
Published: April 2020

Supramolecular acid–acid interactions lead to competing monomeric and dimeric pathways in phosphoric acid catalysis – so that stereoselectivities depend on catalyst concentration.
Ortho C–H arylation of arenes at room temperature using visible light ruthenium C–H activation
Authors: Sagadevan Arunachalam , Charitou Anastasios , Wang Fen , Ivanova Maria , Vuagnat Martin , Greaney Michael F.
Published: April 2020

A ruthenium-catalyzed ortho C–H arylation process is described using visible light.
Marangoni puffs: dramatically enhanced dissolution of droplets with an entrapped bubble
Authors: Encarnación Escobar José M. , Nieland Jaap , van Houselt Arie , Zhang Xuehua , Lohse Detlef
Published: April 2020

We present a curious effect observed during the dissolution process of water-immersed long-chain alcohol drops with an entrapped bubble. When the drop-water interface and the air bubble contact each other, a rapid cyclic motion that accelerates the drop's dissolution is found. We name this eye-catching phenomenon puffing.
An all-in-one supercapacitor with high stretchability via a facile strategy
Authors: Wang Yihe , Lv Chi , Ji Guochen , Hu Ruofei , Zheng Junping
Published: April 2020

There are many studies about integrating supercapacitors to meet actual application needs, but challenges remain in assembling the device without a current collector and other additions.
Modulating electron transport through single-molecule junctions by heteroatom substitution
Authors: Wang Ya-Hao , Huang Hong , Yu Zhou , Zheng Ju-Fang , Shao Yong , Zhou Xiao-Shun , Chen Jing-Zhe , Li Jian-Feng
Published: April 2020

Heteroatom substitutions in phenyl-based molecules are used to modulate electron transport at the single molecular level measured by STM-BJ.
Construction of mixed-dimensional WS2/Si heterojunctions for high-performance infrared photodetection and imaging applications
Authors: Wang Zhaoyang , Zhang Xiwei , Wu Di , Guo Jiawen , Zhao Zhihui , Shi Zhifeng , Tian Yongtao , Huang Xiaowen , Li Xinjian
Published: April 2020

High-performance mixed-dimensional WS2/Si heterojunction with a type-II band alignment was constructed, which has exhibited excellent infrared photoresponse properties with a broad response up to 3 μm and infrared imaging capability.
Morphological Errors in Monolingual Spanish-Speaking Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorders
Authors: Castilla-Earls Anny , Auza Alejandra , Pérez-Leroux Ana Teresa , Fulcher-Rood Katrina , Barr Christopher
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify which morphological markers have the best diagnostic accuracy to identify developmental language disorders (DLD) in monolingual Spanish-speaking children.

Method

The participants in this study included 50 Spanish-speaking monolingual children with (
n
= 25) and without (
n
= 25) DLD. Data collection took place in Mexico. Children were administered a comprehensive elicitation task that set up felicitous contexts to produce morphological structures previously identified as problematic for Spanish-speaking children with DLD: articles, direct object pronouns, adjectives, plurals, verb conjugations, and the subjunctive in Spanish.

Results

Statistically significant group differences between children with and without DLD were found for all morphological structures examined but plurals. Logistic regression analyses suggested that a model that included clitic and verbs was the best model to uniquely predict group membership. This model showed sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 80%.

Conclusion

Clitics and verbs should be considered morphological markers of DLD in monolingual Spanish-speaking children.
Hearing Aid Amplification Reduces Communication Effort of People With Hearing Impairment and Their Conversation Partners
Authors: Beechey Timothy , Buchholz Jörg M. , Keidser Gitte
Published: April 2020

Objectives

This study investigates the hypothesis that hearing aid amplification reduces effort within conversation for both hearing aid wearers and their communication partners. Levels of effort, in the form of speech production modifications, required to maintain successful spoken communication in a range of acoustic environments are compared to earlier reported results measured in unaided conversation conditions.

Design

Fifteen young adult normal-hearing participants and 15 older adult hearing-impaired participants were tested in pairs. Each pair consisted of one young normal-hearing participant and one older hearing-impaired participant. Hearing-impaired participants received directional hearing aid amplification, according to their audiogram, via a master hearing aid with gain provided according to the NAL-NL2 fitting formula. Pairs of participants were required to take part in naturalistic conversations through the use of a referential communication task. Each pair took part in five conversations, each of 5-min duration. During each conversation, participants were exposed to one of five different realistic acoustic environments presented through highly open headphones. The ordering of acoustic environments across experimental blocks was pseudorandomized. Resulting recordings of conversational speech were analyzed to determine the magnitude of speech modifications, in terms of vocal level and spectrum, produced by normal-hearing talkers as a function of both acoustic environment and the degree of high-frequency average hearing impairment of their conversation partner.

Results

The magnitude of spectral modifications of speech produced by normal-hearing talkers during conversations with aided hearing-impaired interlocutors was smaller than the speech modifications observed during conversations between the same pairs of participants in the absence of hearing aid amplification.

Conclusions

The provision of hearing aid amplification reduces the effort required to maintain communication in adverse conditions. This reduction in effort provides benefit to hearing-impaired individuals and also to the conversation partners of hearing-impaired individuals. By considering the impact of amplification on both sides of dyadic conversations, this approach contributes to an increased understanding of the likely impact of hearing impairment on everyday communication.
Precise multi‐dimensional temperature‐rise characterisation of switchgear based on multi‐conditional experiments and LPTN model for high‐capacity application
Authors: Wang Xiaorui , Xia Haotian , Yu Zhanqing , Guan Yonggang , Zhao Biao , Huang Yulong , Qu Lu , Ding Jiudong
Published: April 2020

As the power load increases, the capacity of switchgear becomes larger so the problem of overheating of switchgears becomes more significant. Whether the switchgears operate safely and reliably affects the reliability and economy of the entire power system. Different methods have been tried to study the thermal problems of switchgears. However, there are few experimental studies on the switchgear entity. In this study, a series of temperature rise tests were carried out on medium‐voltage high‐capacity switchgear to explore laws of temperature rise. First, five groups of multi‐conditional experiments were carried out including changes of the load current, ventilation conditions and loop resistance. Then, multi‐dimensional temperature‐rise characterisation was analysed based on the experimental results and the relating theory. Finally, a circuit‐based lumped‐parameter thermal network (LPTN) model was developed by analysing the heat dissipation in switchgear and used to determine the steady‐state temperature distribution of the switchgear. The model is verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental results.
Electrical tree degradation in high‐voltage cable insulation: progress and challenges
Authors: Su Jingang , Du Boxue , Li Jin , Li Zhonglei
Published: April 2020

High‐voltage direct current (HVDC) and high‐voltage alternating current (HVAC) cables are the most important equipment for high‐voltage, large‐capacity and long‐distance power transmission. Electrical tree is a pre‐breakdown phenomenon leading to failure of insulation materials, and it is the major issue that threatens the safe and stable operation of HVDC and HVAC cable systems. This study summarises and analyses the achievements in the research of electrical tree for HVDC and HVAC cables. The initiation mechanisms of the electrical tree, including Maxwell electro‐mechanical stress, charge injection–extraction, charge trapping and electroluminescence theories, are elaborated for fully understanding the electrical degradation process in insulation materials. Then, the influences of the high electric field, high temperature and mechanical stress on electrical tree behaviours are discussed, and the relationship between charge transport and the electrical tree is analysed and illustrated. The suppression methods of the electrical tree are put forward by introducing inorganic and organic additives into insulation materials, and the suppression mechanisms are presented from the viewpoints of the structure‐property and microscale–macroscale relationships. Recently, the electrical tree research studies are focused on the high‐precision of initiation models, high‐dependence of multi‐physical fields and high‐efficiency of suppression methods. The achievements provide theoretical support for improving the electrical performance of insulation materials, while it is a practical problem to explore their application feasibility in HVDC and HVAC cable.
Testing cable system reliability after commissioning and during operation life: in medio stat virtus?
Authors: Montanari Gian Carlo , Seri Paolo , Ghosh Riddhi , Franchi Bononi Stefano , Albertini Marco
Published: April 2020

Quality control, commissioning and diagnostic tests on insulation systems of electrical apparatus are necessary to reduce the failure risk under operation, eliminate infant mortality failures and reduce the impact of ageing on insulation system reliability. This study tries to establish a path which, based on the statistical–phenomenological modelling of the hazard rate, or bathtub curve, drives in the choice of test overvoltage and procedures. The choice of the test voltage and its waveform should be made carefully to improve reliability (reduce failure hazard) in any section of the bathtub curve. This may require, however, different choices depending on the section which corresponds to the planned test. For example, large overvoltages could be acceptable to remove the infant mortality to ensure the highest reliability of newly commissioned apparatus, but they can incept highly energetic, and, thus, fast degradation mechanisms on apparatus operating on the field for a period of time, that can worsen, rather than improving, the insulation system reliability. Resorting to partial discharge measurement during any overvoltage test seems to be the optimal solution to find the most appropriate overvoltage for any type of testing need, leveraging the Latin concept that ‘in medio stat virtus’.
Scalable assessment method for agent‐based control in cyber‐physical distribution grids
Authors: Happ Sonja , Dähling Stefan , Monti Antonello
Published: April 2020

This study proposes a scalable method to assess agent‐based control concepts and deployment systems for cyber‐physical electrical distribution grids. The deployment system of an agent‐based control concept is the system that executes the agents and their interactions in a real implementation. Due to the increasing number of controllable loads, generators, and storage systems installed in distribution grids, scalability of control concepts and deployment systems plays a key role. Hence, the assessment method for both has to be scalable itself. For this reason, the proposed method bases on DistAIX, an open‐source scalable simulation tool for cyber‐physical distribution grids designed for execution on distributed computing clusters. DistAIX is extended with an interface for coupling with the deployment system of the agent‐based control approach. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated for an agent‐based control concept called SwarmGrid‐X and the deployment system cloneMAP. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method and exemplify the functionality and scalability of SwarmGrid‐X and cloneMAP.
Investing in flexibility in an integrated planning of natural gas and power systems
Authors: Ameli Hossein , Qadrdan Meysam , Strbac Goran , Ameli Mohammad Taghi
Published: April 2020

The growing interdependencies between natural gas and power systems, driven by gas‐fired generators and gas compressors supplied by electricity, necessitates detailed investigation of the interactions between these vectors, particularly in the context of growing penetration of renewable energy sources. In this research, an expansion planning model for integrated natural gas and power systems is proposed. The model investigates optimal investment in flexibility options such as battery storage, demand‐side response, and gas‐fired generators. The value of these flexibility options is quantified for gas and electricity systems in Great Britain in 2030. The results indicate that the flexibility options could play an important role in meeting the emission targets in the future. However, the investment costs of these options highly impact the future generation mix as well as the type of reinforcements in the natural gas system infrastructure. Through the deployment of the flexibility options up to annual cost savings in planning and operation of natural gas and power systems could be achieved, compared to the case that no flexibility option is considered.
Dynamic state estimation of generators using spherical simplex unscented transform‐based unbiased minimum variance filter
Authors: Joseph Thomas , Tyagi Barjeev , Kumar Vishal
Published: April 2020

Dynamic state estimation is essential in case of various monitoring, control, and protection strategies that are designed based on the state‐space model. Kalman filter‐based estimation algorithms are mainly used to estimate these states locally using the input and output measurements of the generator. However, in the case of wide‐area power system control and protection strategies, remote estimation of these states is required. This remote estimation relies upon phasor measurement units for measurement signals, which are limited to output measurements such as voltage, current, and frequency. For Kalman filter‐based techniques, apart from the output, input measurements such as field and torque input are also required to estimate the states. This study proposes an input invariant filter technique using unbiased minimum variance filter and spherical simplex unscented transform for remote estimation of generator states using the limited phasor measurement unit measurements. The estimation is performed in the absence of mechanical input torque and field voltage measurements using a minimum set of sigma points. The performance of the filter under various transient conditions and in the presence of measurement errors are analysed and compared with existing techniques.
Integrated strategy for vehicle dynamics stability considering the uncertainties of side‐slip angle
Authors: Dong Xiaoxu , Li Liang , Cheng Shuo , Wang Zhanchao
Published: April 2020

In this study, a side‐slip angle estimator was presented, capable of compensating the model bias between test data and model prediction under the uncertainties of vehicle speed and friction coefficient, to obtain the actual side‐slip angle. Specifically, the model validation method was adopted to optimise the irrelative coefficient of the principal component analysis model for calibrating the side‐slip angle model bias. To calibrate all the model bias under other conditions without test data, the response surface methodology was developed to approximate all the side‐slip angle model bias under any conditions. Based on the estimator, an integrated method based on the fuzzy model predictive control (MPC) algorithm was proposed with respect to the yaw moment and side‐slip angle, taking brake pressure and steering angle as the controlled objects. Such a method integrates the function of active front steering and direct yaw‐moment control into the MPC model and coordinates their proportion in accordance with the relevant parameters using the fuzzy control method. Lastly, the results of simulations with the hardware‐in‐loop platform verified that the proposed algorithm could enhance the vehicle stability and the computational accuracy of the side‐slip angle.
Three‐port DC–DC converter based on quadratic boost converter for stand‐alone PV/battery systems
Authors: Rostami Sajad , Abbasi Vahid , Talebi Nazilasadat , Kerekes Tamas
Published: April 2020

In this study, a three‐port DC–DC converter is proposed based on quadratic boost converter. The proposed converter contains paths to enable the flow of power from input source to load and battery. Furthermore, it makes a path available to energise the load by the battery. The proposed converter has a bidirectional path using two additional switches and two diodes. Power flows from the input source and the battery to the load in a single‐stage resulting in higher efficiency. The proposed converter has three switches and two duty cycles defined. By adjusting the duty cycles, maximum input power and output voltage can be regulated based on the input source power and the battery condition. To control the proposed converter, three operation modes are defined. In order to design the control system, the proposed converter is analysed and the small‐signal models are obtained. Using a decoupling network for the integrated small‐signal models, separated closed‐loop controllers are designed. Finally, a prototype for the proposed converter is prepared to validate feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed converter and the control method by experimental results.
High‐efficiency flow‐through induction heating
Authors: Kilic Veli Tayfun , Unal Emre , Volkan Demir Hilmi
Published: April 2020

This study reports a newly designed induction heating system for efficient, fast, and safe flow‐through heating. The system has a very simple architecture, which is composed of a transmitting coil, an isolating plastic pipe, and an embedded metal shell. Wireless energy transfer from the external coil to the internal metal shell through the pipe is essential for decreasing losses. Also, a large contact surface between a fluid and the immersed shell enables rapid heat transfer. The proposed heating system was systematically investigated for different shell geometries and the results were compared with a commercially available conductive flow‐through heating device. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, a prototype of the designed induction heating system was manufactured and the heating measurements were conducted with water. Power transfer efficiency of the prototyped induction heating system was measured to be 97%. The comparative study indicates that such high‐efficiency induction flow‐through heating system offers a great potential for replacing the conventional conductive heating device used in household applications in which the rapid and compact heating is desired.
Methodology of classification and recognition of the radar emission sources based on Bayesian programming
Authors: Kvasnov Anton V.
Published: April 2020

This study considers the Bayesian programming methodology for recognition and classification of radio emission sources. A mathematical model of Bayesian programming proposes forming a family of probability distributions based on known parameters contained in a training sample (database). The correlations between the object classes have been estimated according discussed methodology. The received assessment has been used to separate procedures of recognition and classification of radar emission sources. The simulation of methodology has carried out for four parameters of radar signals (frequency range, pulse width, pulse repetition interval and radar rotation frequency) by used database with 346 classes and 16 types of radar. Based on the existing database of radar emission sources, it is possible to predict the probability of class recognition for the general population of objects, if its distribution is known. This study demonstrates the consistency of the Bayesian programming methodology for object identification in ELINT systems.