bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Penyuluh Agama Islam dalam Mengatasi Dampak Psikologis Anak Akibat Perceraian Orang Tua Di Desa Sungai Keruh Kecamatan Tebo Tengah Kabupaten Tebo
Authors: Shohbihi M. , Kusnadi Edy , Nurkhayati Ayu
Published: August 2024

This research was motivated by parental divorce in Sungai Keruh Village, Kec. Central Tebo which resulted in many changes in children both in their physical and psychological conditions. Divorce often causes stress and trauma in children. Apart from that, children often feel restless or anxious when they are in the community. The research approach that the author uses is qualitative research with an emphasis on research that produces qualitative descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observed behavior. This research uses data collection techniques using 3 techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation. As a result, the author found that parental divorce affects the psychological state of children and children's behavior, parental divorce also has an impact on children, namely positive and negative impacts, the positive impact of children becoming more optimistic about living their lives and the traumatic experiences experienced by children can make children more resilient and independent. Meanwhile, the negative impacts that arise include children becoming restless, anxious, tending to behave rudely, and having difficulty concentrating. Finally, the author advises all people to work together and care for the growth and development of their children, especially the psychological condition of children after their parents' divorce.
Bimbingan Penyuluhan Islam: Menumbuhkan Minat Membaca Al-Qur’an bagi Anak Usia Sekolah (13-18 Tahun) di Lingkungan Bataraguru Kecamatan Wolio Kota Baubau
Authors: Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Nurmin Nurmin , Fadhilah Sinta Rahmatil
Published: August 2024

Reducing Interest in Reading the Qur'an and the Solution for School-Age Children in RT 01 RW 08, Bataraguru Village, Wolio District, Baubau City. For reading, especially reading the Qur'an among some school-age children (13-18 years old). This also has an impact on their laziness to learn the Qur'an, especially in reading it. They will find many excuses when ordered to read the Qur'an. Moving on from this problem, the researcher finally focused on the role of Islamic counseling guidance in fostering interest in reading the Koran and its solutions for school-age children in RT 01 RW 08 Bataraguru Village, Wolio District, Baubau City. This study aims to find out what are the factors causing a decrease in interest in reading the Qur'an in school-age children (13-18 years old), then help provide solutions in overcoming the decreased interest in reading the Qur'an for school-age children. This research was carried out through a qualitative approach by conducting direct observations in the neighborhood of RT 01 RW 08, Bataraguru Village, Wolio District, Baubau City. Data were obtained by in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation of local communities who were considered capable of providing data. The results of this study found that the factors causing a decrease in interest in reading the Qur'an were family factors that paid less attention to children's religious education, individual factors with indicators of self-will, and TPA management factors. The Islamic counseling guidance efforts carried out in building motivation to learn the Qur'an are giving motivation to children, education in the habit of reciting the Koran, collaborating with parents and mobilizing the environment so that together they provide good religious education to children through reading the Al-Qur'an. In addition, there is innovation in the Al-Qur'an learning system.
Maintaining Work Life Balance Among Female Medical Staff Through Positive Work Environment: Evidence from Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Zawawi Azlyn Ahmad , Wati Halim Fatimah ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor
Published: August 2024

The concept of work-life balance is based on the notion that paid work and personal life should be seen ascorresponding essentials of a full life. Work-life balance reflects a person's orientation across career and non-career life roles, and a conflict between work and life is seen as a mismatched between inter-role phenomenon. The need for work-life balance(WLB) has become even more pressing because of changes in the composition of the workforce. Longer working hours and after-hours connectivity not only negatively affect employees' lifestyle health but also limits their time available for non-work life. Women are more likely to spend more working hours than men are and the larger share of household work that is generally borne by women could cause this. A positive work climate leads to a strong emotional bond between organizational members, which in turn increases employees' engagement, commitment, loyalty and performance. If employees feel that the work environment is not safe, uncomfortable and unharmonious, it will cause discomfort, which may affect organizational performance. Organization need to take care of their employees by helping them maintaining a stable balance between their personal and professional life. This paper analyzed the relationship between a positive work environment (via supervisory support and flexible work arrangement) and the work-life balance of selected female medical staff in a hospital in Peninsular Malaysia. The findings of this study revealed that supervisory support and flexible work arrangements are important in helping employees developed a caring and helpful workplace.
Elemen Pengukuhan Etika Digital Berdasarkan Analisis Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Abdullah Muhaymin Hakim , Jaes Lutfan ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Rahman Riki ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johar Siti Sarawati ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: August 2024

Etika digital adalah satu prosedur dan set peraturan yang dicipta bagi mengurangkan ancaman melibatkan penggunaan teknologi digital. Dunia digital pada masa kini menyentuh semua keperluan aspek kehidupan manusia bagi memudahkan penggunanya. Namun, penggunaan media sosial tanpa batasan akhirnya memberi kesan yang buruk kepada masyarakat. Perkara ini menimbulkan suatu keresahan baharu khususnya kepada pihak berkuasa dalam menangani isu ini. Tujuan kajian ini dibuat untuk mengenal pasti elemen etika digital secara global melalui integrasi kajian lepas sebagai panduan rujukan bagi membantu mengukuhkan etika digital dalam pembuatan dasar. Kajian secara kualitatif ini menggunakan kaedah tinjauan analisis literatur sistematik PRISMA dengan mengintegrasikan semula penemuan kajian lepas melalui proses tapisan bagi mengenal pasti dan dinilai setiapnya secara kritis. Hasil kajian mendapati elemen pengukuhan etika digital dalam masyarakat yang telahdikenalpasti antaranya ialah professional, positif, kesedaran, peribadi, komunikasi dan pendidikan.
Hubungan Antara Tahap Religiositas dan Keresahan Pelajar Tahun Akhir Menghadapi Peperiksaan Tesis (Kajian Kes Pelajar Fakulti Tarbiyah IAIRM Ngabar Ponorogo Tahun Akademik 2020-2021
Authors:   Institut Agama Islam Riadlotul Mujahidin Ngabar Ponorogo, Sa’adah Khotimatus , Mudhofar Alwi ,   Institut Agama Islam Riadlotul Mujahidin Ngabar Ponorogo, Auliyaussof M ,   Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Ponorogo, INDONESIA, Qomariyah Darul Lailatul ,   Institut Agama Islam Riadlotul Mujahidin Ngabar Ponorogo, Marpuah Siti ,   Universiti  Tun  Hussein  OnnMalaysia
Published: August 2024

Pengkajianini mengkajitentang hubungan antara tingkat religiusitidengan kecemasan mahasiswatingkat akhir. Tujuan dari pengkajian ini yaitu, untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan antara tingkat religiusiti dengan kecemasan mahasiswa tingkatakhir dalam menghadapi ujian skripsi. Pengkajimenggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional. Variabel dalam pengkajian ini adalah religiusiti dan kecemasan. Pengkajian ini dilakukan di IAIRM dengan sampel 20 responden yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Instrument pengkajian menggunakan skala Likert, Teknik pengumpulan data: kuesioner, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, uji validitas teknik korelasi Product Moment, uji reliabilitas menggunakan teknik Alpha Cronbach. Hasil pengkajian mengungkapkan Pertama, tingkat religiusiti kategori Tinggi, sedangdanRendah.Setelah menganalisis diketahui bahwa terdapat 1 mahasiswa kategori Tinggi,16 mahasiswa kategori sedang dan 3 mahasiswa kategori rendah. Kedua, kecemasan mahasiswa kategori Tinggi, sedangdan Rendah.Setelah menganalisis diketahui bahwa terdapat 4 mahasiswa kategori Tinggi, 13 mahasiswa kategori sedang dan 3 mahasiswa kategori rendah. Maka dapat disimpulkantidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat religiusiti dengan kecemasan mahasiswa dalam menghadapi ujian skripsi
Implementasi Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Berbasis Nilai Dalam Pengembangan Mutu Di Era Digital 5.0
Authors:   Institut    Agama    Islam    Riyadlotul    Mujahidin, Umroatin Yuli , Susiani Ika Wahyu ,   Institut    Agama    Islam    Riyadlotul    Mujahidin, Ridwani Iwan ,   Institut    Agama    Islam    Riyadlotul    Mujahidin, Litehua Andy ,   Institut    Agama    Islam    Riyadlotul    Mujahidin
Published: August 2024

Era digital merupakan satu situasi di mana manusia boleh mencari pelbagai maklumat melalui internet. Di satu pihak, keadaan ini adalah satu perkara yang menyenangkan, iaitu membuktikan bahawa zaman telah berubah ke arah yang lebih maju. Dengan wujudnya pendidikan Islam dalam era digital ini, ia bertujuan membentuk pelapis negara yang berwibawa, seorang muslim yang mempunyai banyak ilmu dan kemahiran agar dapat menjalani kehidupan yang baik, selamat, sejahtera dan bahagia. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis corak, strategi dan hasil pencapaian kepimpinan transformasi dan berasaskan nilai dalam pembangunan kualiti era digital 5.0 di pondok pesantren Wali Songo, Ngabar Ponorogo. Rumusan masalah: (1) Corak kepimpinan transformasional dan berteraskan nilai dalam pembangunan kualiti era Digital 5.0 dalam Tarbiyatul Mu'allimin dan Mu'allimat al-Islamiyyah Pondok Pesantren Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo. (2) Strategi kepimpinan transformasi dan berasaskan nilai dalam membangunkan kualiti era digital 5.0 di pondok pesantren Wali Songo, Ngabar Ponorogo. (3) Hasil yang dicapai dalam kepimpinan Transformasional dan berteraskan nilai dalam pembangunan kualiti era digital 5.0 di pondok pesantren Wali Songo, Ngabar Ponorogo. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, yaitu penelitian yang memilih ciri-ciri alamiah (natural setting) sebagai sumber data langsung, proses deskriptif, dan dalam analisis data penelitian kualitatif cenderung dilakukan dengan analisis induktif dan merupakan hal yang penting. Hasil kajian: (1) Corak kepimpinan bersifat transformasi atau berwawasan, mempunyai hala tuju dan matlamat yang jelas, berpandangan ke hadapan untuk maju,mengaplikasikan TQM untuk melakukan penambahbaikan dan penambahbaikan setiap tahun. (2) Strategi kepemimpinan yang diterapkan adalah kepemimpinan Transformasional, yaitu pemimpin yang berusaha mengajak, memotivasi seluruh elemen stakeholder untuk melaksanakan segala kegiatan pengembangan mutu pendidikan di pondok pesantren Wali Songo Ngabar khususnya Tarbiyatul Mu'allimin dan Mu'allimat al-Islamiyyah.(3) Hasil yang dicapai dari kepemimpinan Transformasional dan berteraskan nilai dalam Tarbiyatul Mu'allimin dan Mu'allimat al-Islamiyyah adalah pembangunan sarana dan prasarana pendidikan, Berjaya melaksanakan pengintegrasian kurikulum pondok pesantren dan kurikulum umum, meningkatkan kompetensi dan kualiti pendidik, meningkatkan kualiti pelajar, pembangunan pondok pesantren kecil dan sederhana.
Skeptics - Experiences of Bildung from university-level physics students
Authors: Kjelsberg Ronny
Published: August 2024

This study explores transformative experiences in university physics education and their potential to contribute to Bildung through a case study based on interview data of six Norwegian master’s physics students. The results show that the students experience becoming more skeptical and critical in different ways, and while not solely ascribing this to studying in general, or studying physics in particular, they also ascribe their change to their experiences as physics students. This is connected to the term ‘scientific skepticism’. This is evaluated and compared with forms of scientific skepticism from the literature. The students’ forms of skepticism are evaluated critically against a definition of Bildung by Hellesnes and within a theoretical tradition from Humboldt and Klafki. The results are mixed and also support the idea of Bildung as a social process. These questions are important to be able to understand and to have a conscious attitude toward, what knowledge and attitudes students are left with after graduating. Do we have a conscious attitude toward the epistemic values we teach our students, and are they being prepared to use their knowledge to engage critically in society?
Memulai Bisnis Itu Mudah Melalui Digital
Authors: Amir Irham
Published: August 2024

This training activity is motivated by the recognition that the involvement of youth is crucial for competitiveness on both national and international levels. Therefore, there is a need for attractive programs that can develop the potential of young people, such as digital marketing training. In fact, many Indonesian nationals studying in Saudi Arabia are not yet familiar with the latest concepts of digital marketing, thus unable to maximize business potential. Based on this motivation, the Digital Marketing Export training aims to: (i) Enhance digital marketing skills for young generations; (ii) Create quality and creative human resources as a foundation for entrepreneurship; (iii) Build business networks and foster young exporters. For participants, this activity is expected to broaden their insights in maximizing digital marketing for developing start-up businesses. For IAI Tazkia, this activity is anticipated to enhance its branding in entrepreneurship and digital marketing knowledge with Islamic values. It is also hoped that this activity will strengthen the collaboration between IAI Tazkia and the Indonesian Student Association (PPMI) in Saudi Arabia in developing digitally-based entrepreneurship potentials. Through this collaboration, it is also expected to introduce IAI Tazkia widely to Indonesian nationals in Saudi Arabia, consequently enhancing IAI Tazkia's image in Saudi Arabia. For business practitioners, this activity is expected to improve their understanding of initiating and developing businesses using appropriate business model prototypes and marketing tools, thus fostering young entrepreneurs who can effectively utilize digital technology.
Pemberdayaan Pemuda Berbasis Masjid Di Desa Waru Jaya, Parung , Bogor, Jawa Barat
Authors: Rahmatusadiyah Rahmatusadiyah
Published: August 2024

The Youth of the Mosque is an important organization for Muslims in Indonesia, playing a role in prospering the mosque through various religious, educational, and skill-building activities. In Waru Jaya Village, the PPID organization, together with IRMAS and IRMUS, in collaboration with Karang Taruna, runs various youth empowerment programs. These activities include regular training, weekly recitations, and annual events such as Tabligh Akbar and Sanlat. Despite facing various challenges, such as limited funding and lack of participation, strategic steps have been taken to address them, such as expanding donor relations and increasing youth involvement. Evaluations show success in the implementation of routine and social activities, although some programs were not implemented due to external obstacles. In conclusion, mosque-based youth empowerment in Waru Jaya Village has successfully increased skills and social involvement, although improvements in funding and participation are needed.
Analisa Desain Kemasan Dodol Betawi
Authors: Ramayanti Dwi
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan zaman yang semakin modern, membuat masyarakat membutuhkan sesuatu yang lebih praktis, kearifan lokal pada desain, material, dan bentuk, mulai ditinggalkan. Seperti kemasan yang menggunakan daun kemudian diganti menjadi plastik. Berdasarkan data yang diperolah dari 3 brand Dodol betawi yaitu Satibi, Ny. Lauw dan Beko, pada desain kemasan masih menggunakan material plastik dan kertas yang tidak ramah lingkungan, bukan kemasan tradisional yang berasal dari alam. Desain interface kemasan, Satibi, Ny. Lauw masih perlu diperbaiki elemen Desai Komunikasi Visual yang digunakan seperti pemilihan huruf, ilustrasi, layout, komposisi. Hirarki visual juga tidak diterapkan dengan baik. Untuk kemasan dodol Beko, sudah baik pengguanaan diperbaiki elemen Desai Komunikasi Visual, namun perancangan logo masih belum konsisten, masih terdapat logo yang berbeda pada kemasan. Bila digunakan secara efektif dalam desain kemasan, citra-baik berupa ilustrasi maupun foto dapat memberikan impresi pesan yang kuat. Dampaknya dapat tidak diharapkan atau tidak terantisipsi dan dapat meningkatkan ketertarikan konsumen. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui konsep desain kemasan, interface design, structure design, dengan pendekatan teori Desain Komunikasi Visual.
Desain kemasan nasi bakar Dapur Ibu dengan metode design thinking
Authors: Zahira Tiara , Wahyudi Nanang , Pramesti Rachmadita Dwi
Published: August 2024

Abstrak.Perkembangan sektor bisnis usaha mikro, kecil, menengah atau UMKM di bidang pangan menjadi tantangan bagi para pelaku UMKM untuk mampu meningkatkan daya saing terutama dalam hal inovasi dan kreativitas. Salah satu strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk menarik minat konsumen adalah melalui perancangan desain kemasan yang unik dan menggambarkan karakteristik produk sehingga menciptakan nilai tambah bagi produk. Dapur Ibu merupakan salah satu UMKM yang menjual makanan tradisional yaitu nasi bakar. Dapur Ibu berencana mengembangkan bisnisnya melalui layanan pesan antar dan membutuhkan kemasan yang memudahkan pengantaran sekaligus sebagai media komunikasi dengan konsumen. Sementara dalam mengemas produknya, Dapur Ibu hanya menggunakan kemasan styrofoam yang tidak mampu menunjukkan daya tarik visual produk. Selain itu, styrofoam merupakan kemasan tidak ramah lingkungan dan sulit diurai. Hal ini yang mendorong Dapur Ibu untuk beralih menggunakan kemasan berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses perancangan desain kemasan nasi bakar Dapur Ibu yang sesuai dengan target pasar, penerapan konsep visual berdasarkan karakteristik produk dan pengaplikasian gaya visual pada media pendukung yang relevan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan metode design thinking dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, survei dan studi literatur. Proses perancangan ini menghasilkan desain kemasan nasi bakar Dapur Ibu dengan konsep kelezatan cita rasa yang ditunjukkan melalui penggunaan elemen foto nasi bakar dan ilustrasi rempah sehingga lebih menarik dan memberikan kesan yang realistis melalui sajian masakan nasi bakar. Melalui perancangan ini, diharapkan Dapur Ibu dapat mencapai tujuan dalam pengembangan bisnis dan menjawab solusi penggunaan kemasan ramah lingkungan. 
Cinquante ans de travaux sur l’effet d’ancrage. Quoi de neuf depuis Tversky et Kahneman (1974) ?
Authors: Navarre Aglaé , didierjean andre , Thomas Cyril
Published: August 2024

En 1974, Tversky et Kahneman mettent en évidence un biais cognitif spectaculaire survenant dans la prise de décisions en situation d’incertitude : l’effet d’ancrage. La robustesse et l’ubiquité de cet effet font de lui un phénomène particulièrement fascinant, qui a conduit, depuis cette première recherche, à une littérature abondante. Où en sommes-nous alors qu’approche le 50ème anniversaire de la découverte de l’effet d’ancrage ? Dans cet article, nous proposons une revue de la littérature publiée à ce jour sur cet effet. Nous décrivons ses principales caractéristiques, les différentes théories explicatives de ce phénomène et proposons quelques perspectives de recherche.
A comparative study of ultrasonography versus peripheral nerve stimulator-guided obturator nerve block for transurethral resection of bladder tumor under spinal anesthesia
Authors: Sahu Mandakini , Alok Pratap Singh  , Kuldeep Kumar Patel
Published: August 2024

Background: Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is usually done spinal anesthesia but it does not prevent the obturator reflex leading to bladder perforation, bleeding, or incompletely resection of resection of the tumor which could be prevented by obturator nerve block (ONB) in TURBT.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of our study is to compare the effectiveness of ONB by peripheral nerve stimulator (PNS) and ultrasonography (USG) in TURBT and also compare morbidity between USG- and PNS-guided ONB in TURBT under spinal anesthesia.
Materials and Methods: Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group (1) patients had a PNS-guided ONB and Group (2) patients had ONB-guided ONB. The presence or absence of adductor muscles reflexes was recorded. Bladder perforation and bleeding during surgery were also recorded.
Results: A success rate of 90% was achieved in the Group (2) compared to 66% in Group (1) which was clinically significant with P=0.049. Complete bladder perforation was detected in four patients in Group (1) whereas no perforation was observed in Group (2). Bleeding was observed in both groups but severe bleeding was present in five patients in Group (1) and required a blood transfusion.
Conclusion: We concluded that USG-guided ONB is more efficient and safer as compared to PNS-guided ONB.
Ileo-sigmoid knotting presented as a rare cause of intestinal obstruction and bowel ischemia: A case report
Authors: Sunil Kumar Yadav  , Madan Gopal Vashist  , Bhardwaj Sachin , Kumar Gaurav , Shukla Kartikay , Dutta Sourav Sankar
Published: August 2024

Ileosigmoid knotting causing intestinal obstruction is also known as double volvulus or compound volvulus. It is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. It involves the sigmoid and ileum causing closed-loop intestinal obstruction. The endoscopic decompression in ileosigmoid knotting may lead to perforation of intestine. We present a case of 80-year-old male patient who presented with ileosigmoid knotting at our surgical emergency setting.
Pattern of substance abuse among patients in a rehabilitation center
Authors: SangeethaLakshmi GNS  , Sowmini K  , Geervani Arige  , Bharathi Uppu
Published: August 2024

Background: Substance use disorders have profound implications for individuals, their families, and society as a whole. At present, drug trafficking and addiction have ensnared every corner of the globe, impacting millions of individuals worldwide. This pressing issue of drug abuse is concerning due to the underlying conditions fueling it, including shifting cultural values, increasing economic stress, and weakened social support networks.
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to identify the trends in drug abuse and its influencing factors among patients undergoing treatment for addiction in rehabilitation centers in Telangana.
Materials and Methods: The study, a descriptive cross-sectional analysis, involved 222 individuals grappling with drug addiction at the primary rehabilitation center for drug addiction treatment in Telangana. Information was gathered using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire between September and December 2022 under the Department of Pharmacology.
Results: Among the respondents, 95% were male and 5% were female, with a majority falling in the 21–30 age brackets. The religious breakdown comprised 151 Hindus, 32 Muslims, and 30 Christians, while 41% hailed from tribal regions. Injection emerged as the most prevalent method of substance abuse among 194 participants. The onset of drug abuse mostly occurred between ages 11 and 20, primarily driven by self or peer pressure. Notably, 89% of participants reported being compelled to consume substances.
Conclusion: The study found a significant correlation between male gender and drug consumption (P<0.05), as well as between the 21 and 30 age group and drug intake (P<0.05). Additionally, the research highlighted a high prevalence of drug dependence among educated individuals, with familial conflicts and peer pressure being cited as common triggers for various forms of substance abuse.
Bacterial, fungal pathogens, and antimicrobial resistance patterns in ocular infections: Insights from a tertiary care hospital, North Karnataka
Authors: Aagalya A  , Vishalakshi B  , Krishna S
Published: August 2024

Background: Ocular infections, including conjunctivitis, keratitis, and endophthalmitis, significantly impact eye health, leading to morbidity, visual impairment, and blindness if not treated.
Aims and Objectives: This study focuses on reviewing and analyzing the prevalence of bacterial and fungal pathogens in ocular infections and assessing their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns at Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Ballari.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting ocular infection samples from January 01, 2022, to December 31, 2022. Samples, including corneal scrapings and conjunctival swabs, underwent initial procedures such as Gram staining and were inoculated on various agars. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method.
Results: Out of 404 evaluated samples, corneal scrapings were predominant, with a significant incidence of fungal and bacterial growth. Aspergillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were the most common fungal and bacterial isolates, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that Gram-negative bacilli showed more susceptibility to gentamycin, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin, whereas Gram-positive cocci were more susceptible to tetracycline and doxycycline.
Conclusion: The study highlights the cornea as the most common source of ocular infections, with Aspergillus and Pseudomonas spp. being the predominant fungal and bacterial pathogens, respectively. Identifying the prevalent species in this geographical area aids in early diagnosis and treatment, thereby preventing morbidity and improving patient outcomes. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern observed suggests effective options for treatment, emphasizing the need for ongoing surveillance to adapt to resistance patterns.
Fungal keratitis among inpatients with corneal ulcers in Thai Binh, Vietnam: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Nguyen Thi Anh Van  , Pham Ngoc Bich  , Bui Thi Ngoc Ha  , Nguyen Thu Huong
Published: August 2024

Background: Infectious keratitis can be caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Fungi are a common pathogen, especially in developing countries like India, Nepal, and Bangladesh where the prevalence ranges from 20% to 60%. In Vietnam, fungal keratitis accounted for the highest number of keratitis cases in a study conducted at the central eye hospital over a 5-year period (57%). Therefore, it is necessary to collect specific background information connected to the types of fungal keratitis in corneal ulcer cases in this region.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of fungal keratitis and the epidemiological features in 216 cases of fungal keratitis out of a total of 240 cases of infectious keratitis.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study collected secondary data from medical records of 240 inpatients with infectious keratitis who were treated at the ophthalmology hospital in Thai Binh, Vietnam, from January 01st, 2021 to June 30th, 2022. Patients with a positive fungal-directed smear were analyzed in detail for the type of fungus isolated, sociodemographic data, predisposing risk factors, prior treatment modalities, and laboratory results for the distribution pattern of fungus species.
Results: Among the 240 cases, 126 (52.5%) were diagnosed with fungal keratitis by direct microscopic examination. Culture results showed the highest rate of Fusarium spp. (43.3%). The age group of 41–60 years was most commonly involved (40.5%). Males were more affected by fungal keratitis than females, (53.2% compared to 46.8%), with farmers being the most common occupation correlated with fungal keratitis (55.6%). The rate of fungal keratitis patients due to agricultural injuries was the highest compared to other risks (47.6%) and most patients self-medicated before going to the hospital, with many not knowing or remembering what medications they had taken (52.4%).
Conclusion: The study revealed a high rate of fungal keratitis among the total of infectious keratitis cases in Thai Binh, Vietnam. Fusarium spp. was the most commonly isolated fungi. The study also highlighted the impact of agricultural injuries on fungal keratitis, especially in regions like Thai Binh.
The role of Thompson score of term newborns in predicting neuromotor outcome at 1 year of age
Authors: Subham Puhan  , Saugata Chaudhuri
Published: August 2024

Background: The mortality rate is approximately 20% and the frequency of neurodevelopmental sequelae in surviving newborns is approximately 30% in perinatal asphyxia; hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is brain dysfunction due to lack of oxygen and blood supply to the brain.
Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted to predict the pattern of neuromotor outcome as early as 3 months using Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) in term hypoxic babies and its relation with the Thompson score (HIE score).
Materials and Methods: One-hundred twenty four term newborns with hypoxic babies were admitted to the neonatal care unit from January 2021 to August 2021. Thompson scoring was done on admission and subsequently reviewed. Discharged babies were followed up at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year of age. A neurological examination (HINE) was done in this high-risk follow-up clinic. Maximum Thompson score was correlated with neurological score at various months. The earliest predictability of neurological examination was done at 3 months and was correlated with the neurological examination done at 12 months.
Results: The correlation between the Thompson score and the 3-month score is −0.65 indicating a strong negative association between the two measurements. The correlation between 3 months and 6 months and 1-year neurological scores was moderately associated with each other.
Conclusion: The maximum Thompson score was significantly higher in the mortality group compared to the discharged group. Thompson score has a significant correlation with the 3, 6, and 12-month neurological scores examined by HINE. The 3-month neurological outcome has a very significant correlation with the 1-year outcome.
Cigarette smoking and its effect on coagulation profile, hematological parameters, and oxygen saturation in healthy blood donor
Authors: Anshika Srivastava  , Kshama Tiwari  , Sumaiya Irfan  , Noorin Zaidi  , Sharique Ahmad  , Syed Riaz Mehdi
Published: August 2024

Background: Cigarette smoking causes millions of deaths all around the world each year as it is one of the leading causes of cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to study the effect of cigarette smoking on coagulation profile, hematological parameters, and oxygen saturation in healthy blood donors.
Materials and Methods: A case–control study was carried out at the Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College which is a tertiary care center, and took place between September 2018 and September 2020 (24 months).
Results: Cigarette smoking has adverse effects on hematological parameters (red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, red cell distribution width, and total leukocyte count) and coagulation profile (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and international normalized ratio). In our study, no adverse effects are seen on oxygen saturation though.
Conclusion: Our study shows that hematological parameters and coagulation profile were altered in donors who were smokers and thus, it should be considered during blood donation. Although oxygen saturation was not adversely affected, this study strongly recommends the need for further studies to be done on this parameter of donated blood.
A study of non-invasive predictors of esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis of liver – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nauman Mujahid  , Kiran Aithal  , Dhananjaya M
Published: August 2024

Background: Current guidelines advise that patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis undergo screening through upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to detect esophageal varices (EV). Prophylactic measures should be taken for those with large varices on diagnosis and during follow-up. However, this poses a dual challenge, both social and medical, as the number of cirrhotic patients rises while the availability of endoscopy units remains limited.
Aims and Objectives: In this study, we aim to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the non-invasive predictors such as spleen size, platelet count (PC), and PC/spleen diameter (PC/SD) ratio for the diagnosis of EV.
Materials and Methods: This hospital-based prospective observational study was done in the SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, among 50 patients with cirrhosis of liver.
Results: Among the 50 patients studied males pre-dominated the study with 80%. Out of the study population, 70% of the patients had varices. For a cutoff point of PC/SD ratio 916, the sensitivity was 71.42% and specificity was 93.3%. For a cutoff value of PC of 1.32 lakhs, the sensitivity was 71.42%, and the specificity was 73.3%. For a cutoff value of the longest SD of 12.40 cm, the sensitivity was 94.30%, and specificity was 33.3%.
Conclusion: These non-invasive predictors can be useful screening tools for the diagnosis of EV. These can be effective for the initiation of prophylactic treatment when the endoscopy facility is not available.
A comparative study of head-elevated positions at 25° versus 45° for intubation in obese patients posted for elective surgery under general anesthesia
Authors: Koel Mitra  , Fayeza Nasrin  , Subhrangsu Chatterjee  , Pratibha Bhunia
Published: August 2024

Background: Obese patients generally present with an increased risk of difficult intubation. The head-elevated position has been shown to improve laryngeal view, reduce airway complications, and prolong safe apnea time during intubation as compared to the sniffing position.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the head-elevated positions at 25° versus 45° for intubation in obese patients, in terms of ease of intubation assessed by first-attempt intubation success rate and laryngeal exposure using Cormack–Lehane grading and to assess intubation time, use of intubation aides, changes in hemodynamic parameters, and hypoxia.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 100 consenting patients undergoing elective surgery requiring general anesthesia were selected who fulfilled the eligibility criteria and assigned to either of the two groups by block randomization: Group A – 25° or Group B – 45° head-elevated positions for intubation in a tertiary care hospital (February 2021–July 2022).
Results: The 45° head-elevated position was found to provide a better laryngeal exposure, the mean time to intubate was lesser and the first attempt success rate was also higher. Further, 45° head-elevated position is better chosen as per anesthesiologist comfort, using Likert scale grading.
Conclusion: This study concluded that 45° head-elevated position provides better ease of intubation in obese patients as compared to 25° head-elevation.
A comparative study to assess the effects of intrathecal fentanyl and intrathecal tramadol combined with 0.5% bupivacaine heavy in patients undergoing elective urological surgeries: A prospective randomized study
Authors: Baig Mirza Wajeed  , Manmohan Jindal  , Neelima Tandon  , Namrata Jain  , Mahesh Kumar Vishwakarma
Published: August 2024

Background: Urological operations frequently involve the use of spinal anesthesia. In the present scenario, adding different adjuvants to local anesthetic improve its quality and duration has become common.
Aims and Objectives: In patients undergoing elective urological procedures, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of intrathecal fentanyl or tramadol with 0.5% bupivacaine heavy.
Materials and Methods: Patients were divided into two groups of 30 patients each, a total of 60 patients aged 20–60 years undergoing elective urological surgeries participated in this prospective, randomized study in which 25 μg fentanyl and 2.5 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine heavy were given to Group F, while 25 mg tramadol and 2.5 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine heavy were given to Group M. The onset and duration of sensory and motor blockage, the duration of analgesia, post-operative Visual Analog Scale score, hemodynamic changes, and adverse effects were evaluated.
Results: Fentanyl had a lower mean time of onset for sensory (2:33±0:22 min vs. 4:50±0:33 min) and motor block (3:36±0:28 min vs. 5:52±0:38 min) (P<0.001), the duration of sensory (185.67±3.155 min vs. 152.60±4.264), motor block (172.00±4.177 min vs. 136.40±5.575 min), and post-operative analgesia was longer in the fentanyl group (P<0.001), whereas the incidence of adverse effects such as pruritus, shivering, and nausea was lower in the tramadol group.
Conclusion: The quality and duration of spinal anesthesia were found to be significantly increased by the use of fentanyl as an adjuvant in our study. However, tramadol also produced stable hemodynamics and exhibited fewer adverse effects than fentanyl.
Assessing the impact of appendicectomy in daily activities/social life of children
Authors: Srinivasan K  , Divakar Pandian
Published: August 2024

Background: Appendicectomy is a common surgical procedure for children presenting with appendicitis. Understanding the impact of appendicectomy on daily activities and social life is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of appendicectomy on children’s daily activities and social lives.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients aged ≥5 years who underwent appendicectomy at our center between April 2022 and April 2023. Data on demographics, surgical approach (open or laparoscopic), post-operative outcomes, and return to daily activities were collected using a standardized questionnaire.
Results: Among the 70 identified cases, there was a male predominance (63%), with most presenting with acute appendicitis (85%). Laparoscopic appendectomy was the predominant surgical approach used (80%). Post-operative symptoms included pain (n=12), vomiting (n=3), fever (n=2), and wound infection (n=6). Appendicular abscesses were found in 9% of laparoscopic surgeries and 14% of open surgeries. The average duration of hospital stay was shorter in laparoscopic cases. Return to school and normal diet varied between surgical approaches, with laparoscopic cases generally showing a quicker recovery.
Conclusion: Although appendicectomy is commonly performed, it has implications for children’s daily routines and social interactions. Parental anxiety plays a crucial role in post-operative recovery. Future studies should focus on addressing these social determinants to optimize patient outcomes.
Twist and turn of an unusual entity: A rare case report of torsion of huge epididymal cyst from a tertiary hospital
Authors: Manojit Sarkar  , Arup Kumar Ghosh  , Purnendu Dutta  , Amit Ray
Published: August 2024

An epididymal cyst (EC) is a benign lesion. It arises due to cystic degeneration of the epididymis. The torsion of it is extremely rare. The usual presentation of the cyst is asymptomatic scrotal swelling. The swelling has a lobulated surface and feels like a bunch of grapes. The huge EC is rare and moreover, it is associated with torsion-rarest presentation.
Early diagnosis of small airway disease in asymptomatic polishing sector workers of a leather factory
Authors: Sruthi Priyadarsini S  , Chandrasekar Chokalingam  , Balamurugan Shanthalingam  , Manikandan Nagesh  , Manoj Ramanathan
Published: August 2024

Background: The leather industry stands as one of India’s burgeoning sectors, boasting significant manpower. Workers in the finishing sector, particularly those involved in polishing, face heightened risks due to exposure to formaldehyde, aniline, and resins, which can lead to respiratory complications.
Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to determine the small airway obstruction in asymptomatic finishing sector workers of a leather factory.
Materials and Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional study conducted in a leather factory located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. A random sample of 60 workers was drawn from different sectors of a leather factory. Basic demographic details, smoking history, nature of work, exposure to irritants along with duration, and respiratory symptoms were collected. All workers were subjected to spirometry as per ATS guidelines and the results were analyzed. Association between length (years) of exposure, respiratory symptoms, and spirometry impairment among the workers were analysed.
Results: Out of 60 samples, 38 were exposed to irritants and 22 were not exposed to irritants. Out of 38, 25 had small airway disease, seven had large airway obstruction, one had a restrictive pattern, and five had normal spirometry. 42.1% of them were asymptomatic.
Conclusion: Small airway obstruction is notably prevalent, especially among asymptomatic workers in the polishing sector. Prolonged exposure is associated with the development of large airway obstructive disease. This study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring for airway diseases in occupationally exposed workers, advocating for timely preventive and protective measures to curb disease progression.
A comparative study of levobupivacaine 0.25% with dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as adjuvant in caudal block for pediatric patients undergoing infraumbilical surgeries
Authors: Batula Shravani  , Neelima Tandon  , Man Mohan Jindal  , Kushal Jethani
Published: August 2024

Background: The caudal epidural block is one of the most commonly used regional techniques for post-operative pain management in pediatric age group patients undergoing infraumbilical surgeries. Adjuvants use increase the duration of analgesia and decrease local anesthetic dose requirement, thereby decreasing the risk of toxicity.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the prolongation of the duration of analgesia, hemodynamic parameters, and side effects if any, provided by the addition of dexmedetomidine (DEX) or dexamethasone as an adjuvant to levobupivacaine in the caudal block.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients with the American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I/II scheduled for elective infraumbilical surgeries were randomly allocated into two groups of 30 each. Group 1 received levobupivacaine 0.25% 1 mL/kg+DEX 1 mcg/kg and Group 2 received levobupivacaine 0.25% 1 mL/kg+dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg for caudal block. The duration of analgesia, hemodynamic parameters, and adverse events during the post-operative period were noted.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in hemodynamic parameters between Group 1 and Group 2. Post-operative face, leg, activity, cry, consolability, (FLACC) pain scores were significantly lower in Group 1 when compared with Group 2. The mean duration of analgesia was prolonged in Group 1 at 824.23±53.53 min than in Group 2 with a mean duration of analgesia 480.50±31.66 min which was statistically significant (P<0.005). Adverse events were comparable between the two groups and were statistically not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The addition of DEX to levobupivacaine in caudal block significantly prolongs the duration of analgesia in post-operative period in comparison to the addition of dexamethasone with levobupivacaine. It also provides more hemodynamic stability during the intraoperative and post-operative period, lower FLACC pain scores, and is associated with minimal side effects.
Serum bilirubin at 24 h of life birth as a predictor of significant hyperbilirubinemia in preterm neonates
Authors: Tamanna Choudhary  , Harish Kumar Mourya  , Saroj Mourya  , Mahipal Pabra  , Rajesh Kanwar  , Mohan Makwana  , Monit Kumar Goyal  , Pokar Chand
Published: August 2024

Background: As hyperbilirubinemia is one of the key contributors to brain damage and is crucial to identify those instances that are at risk as it is more prevalent and severe among the preterms. Many studies are available in the literature for terms babies but there is paucity of data for pre terms.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess serum bilirubin at 24 h of live birth as a indicator of significant hyperbilirubinemia in preterm neonates.
Materials and Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted in the department of pediatrics of tertiary care center, Jodhpur on 150 preterms born within 33–36 weeks 6 days after considering the exclusion criteria in the study. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify significant hyperbilirubinemia within 1 week of life, along with it the cutoff value of total serum bilirubin (TSB) at 24 h of life was calculated.
Results: A total of 150 enrolled preterm newborns were followed up. TSB at 24 h of life was proved to be significant using the ROC curve, where area under the curve is 0.96 which was statistically significant. Among 150 preterms, 70 newborns with TSB >4.2 mg/dL developed jaundice, and 65 babies (98.48%) required phototherapy. Hence, preterms with TSB >4.2 mg/dL have a significant risk of developing hyperbilirubinemia. (Sensitivity: 98.48%, specificity: 94.05%, negative predictive value: 98.75%, and positive predictive value: 92.86%).
Conclusion: TSB for preterms at 24 h of life can support to predict the significant hyperbilirubinemia successfully. Preterms with cutoff value of serum bilirubin level >4.2 mg/dL are observed to be more prone to develop significant hyperbilirubinemia requiring appropriate intervention at the earliest.
Study on extrahepatic manifestations in patients with hepatitis A in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Asish Banerjee  , Aneesh Debbarman  , Sumaita Ahmed
Published: August 2024

Background: Hepatitis A is a common self-limiting infection of the liver. In recent times, there is a change in the pattern of hepatitis A infection producing extrahepatic manifestations.
Aims and Objective: Our aim of the study is to find the profile of extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis A. The secondary objective is to find a correlation of liver function test values with extrahepatic manifestations.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted over 3 years. 169 seropositive school-going cases were presented with signs and symptoms of hepatitis A and were clinically assessed.
Results: Among 169 immunoglobulin M (+)ve hepatitis A, 36% of patients (61 cases) presented with extrahepatic features. Among the 61 patients, 41 patients presented with aspartate transaminase (AST):alanine transaminase (ALT) >2:1 and 20 patients presented with AST:ALT <2:1.
Conclusion: In recent times, there has been a changing pattern in the presentation of hepatitis A producing extrahepatic manifestations in the pediatric age group.