bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viewpoint:
eHealth solutions for Covid-19 and patientinvolvement (Preprint)
Authors: Pappot Nina , Taarnhøj Gry Assam , Pappot Helle
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Many eHealth researchers at present hope for telemedicine to solve health issues during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis, and we agree that this is to hope for. However, most eHealth solutions have focus on the health care systems perspective and not necessarily the patients. With set-off in Covid-19 case-stories in the public media, our own experience from being healthcare professionals in this pandemic and experiences from previous research on eHealth and patient involvement in other severe illnesses, we here focus on eHealth solutions for Covid-19 and patientinvolvement, which may be of special importance, when the issue is isolation and quarantine. Going through a group of eHealth providers’ perception of their tool’s functionality according to eHealth solutions for Covid-19, we find that nearly all the solutions have potential for patient involvement, and it is our hypothesis that these solutions may benefit from patient involvement to integrate the healthcare systems needs and the patient’s needs, ensuring an improved outcome. Especially, when it comes to eHealth solutions to overcome isolation and quarantine patientinvolvement may be crucial to secure a successful, user-friendly and meaningful tool. During the Covid-19 pandemic every possible tool avoiding feelings of loneliness, stress and anxiety is needed. We hope, that the Covid-19 pandemic can benefit from existing technologies used with the patient’s perspective to help solve the patients’ needs.
Evaluating Virtual Care Experiences for Patients with Covid-19 Chief Complaints: Best-Practices Recommendations (Preprint)
Authors: Khairat Saif , Pillai Malvika , Edson Barbara , Gianforcaro Robert
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Importance: Positive patient experiences are associated with illness recovery and adherence to medication. The shift toward virtual visits creates a need to understand the opportunities and challenges in providing a patient experience that is at least as positive as in-person visits.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the virtual care experience for patients with Covid-19 as their chief complaints.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional study of the first cohort of patients with Covid-19 concerns in a virtual clinic. We collected data on all virtual visits between March 20-29, 2020.
Outcomes: The main endpoints of this study were patient diagnosis, prescriptions received, referrals, wait time and duration, and satisfaction. The secondary outcome was the reported choice of alternative care options.

RESULTS

Of the 358 total virtual visits, 42 patients marked “Covid-19 Concern” as their chief complaint. Of those patients, 23 (54.8%) female patients, the average age of patients was 33.9 years, and 41 (97.7%) patients were seeking care for themselves and one (3.3%) visit was for a dependent. For all virtual visits, the average wait time (SD) was 157.2 (181.7) minutes and the average wait time (SD) for Covid-19 Concern visits was 177.4 (186.5) minutes. Covid-19 Concern phone visits had an average wait time (SD) of 180.1 (187.2), compared to 63.4 (34.4) minutes for Covid-19 Concern video visits. Thirteen (65%) patients rated their provider as “Excellent” with similar proportions among phone (64.3%) and video (66.7%).

CONCLUSIONS

This study evaluated the virtual experiences of patients with Covid-19 concerns. There were different experiences for patients depending on their choice of communication. Long wait times were a major drawback in the patient experience. We have learned from evaluating the experience of our first cohort of Covid-19 Concern patients.
Hubungan Antara Successfull Aging Dan Penyesuaian Diri Lanjut Usia Dengan Penerimaan Diri
Authors: Ulfah Khoiriya , Thoha Annisa Fatin , Qohar Abdul
Published: April 2020

This research begins with the thought that successful aging and adjustment have a relationship with self-acceptance in elderly individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between successfull aging and self-adjustment with the self-acceptance of retired member organizations (PWRI) of Lampung Province. The hypothesis proposed in this study is that there is a relationship between successfull aging and old age adjustment and self-acceptance.The population in this study were members of the Republic of Indonesia Wredatama Association (PWRI) Lampung Ranting I Kedaton, Bandar Lampung city. The sampling method for this research is to use population techniques that refer to Suharsimi Arikunto's theory, that if the subject is less than 100 people, it is better to take all so that the research is a population study. The sample taken in this study were all PWRI members who held monthly meetings at the PWRI meeting hall on Landak street No. 1 Kedaton, Bandar Lampung city. The sample in this study was obtained as many as 60 members of the Republic of Indonesia Wredatama Pensioners (PWRI).The data collection method uses three scales namely self-acceptance scale, successfull aging scale and adjustment scale with likert scale model. Data collected were analyzed by two predictor regression tests with the help of SPSS 16.0 for windows.Based on the results of the data analysis above, it means that the proposed hypothesis can be accepted and it can be concluded that there is a relationship between successfull aging and adjustment of old age with self-acceptance in retirees.
Synchronization and Scientific Miracle of Chapters and Verses Numbers of The Quran
Authors: Pamil Jon , Munir Akmal , Vebrianto Rian
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Quran is the Holy book that is a revelation from God to guide humanity. The Quran has many chapters and verses concerning sciences. This study aimed to explore the content of the Quran using exegesis and all of its components as the main tools to comprehend the Quran. This was a qualitative historic-factual study based on the notion of Tommy Dazwir Paja Putra regarding the scientific miracle of chapters and verses numbers of the Quran. The results show that the numbers of the chapters and verses regarding humans (the prophets and their followers, devout persons, and the ungodly) or things in nature indicate of object location or the object properties. In conclusion, the Quran has scientific signs related to the various branch of sciences such as geography, astronomy, biology, chemistry, archeology, history, paleontology, and other sciences. AbstrakAl-Qur’an adalah kitab suci yang diturunkan Allah swt sebagai pedoman hidup umat manusia. Salah satu kandungan al-Qur’an adalah berkaitan tentang ilmu pengetahuan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali kandungan-kandungan al-Qur’an yang menjadi pedoman kehidupan. Oleh karenanya, ilmu tafsir dengan segala perangkatnya merupakan ilmu utama untuk dapat memahami kandungan al-Qur’an. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yang bersifat historis-faktual, terhadap pemikiran tokoh Tommy Dazwir Paja Putra tentang kemukjizatan ilmiah nomor urut surat dan ayat al-Qur’an. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa al-Qur’an manakala berbicara tentang objek-objek di alam seperti objek manusia (para Nabi dan kaumnya, orang-orang shaleh dan orang-orang durhaka), maupun benda-benda di alam, maka ternyata nomor ayat dan nomor surat tersebut sebahagian memberi petunjuk tentang lokasi objek dan sebahagian lagi memberi petunjuk tentang sifat-sifat objek. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa al-Qur’an mengandung isyarat ilmiah yang terkait dengan banyak cabang ilmu seperti geografi, astronomi, biologi, kimia, arkeologi, sejarah palentologi dan sebagainya. Kata Kunci: Al-Qur’an, Nomor Ayat, Nomor Surat, Kemukjizatan ilmiah.
The Review Study of Halal Products and Its Impact on Non-Muslims Purchase Intention
Authors: Aransyah Muhammad Fikry , Furqoniah Finnah , Abdullah Amjad Hamad
Published: April 2020

In a Muslim country, halal products were a norm in the society whereby Muslims in their daily life were not only consuming the halal products. The acceptance of non-Muslims towards halal products is growing as well because of the strict process and laws to follow. It reviews studies and theories on customer’s purchase intention on halal products and the concepts of price, awareness, availability, safety, ingredients, and quality of the halal products, which affect their purpose to buy from the perspective of non-Muslim. Fifty research article from 2009 to 2019 was chosen for this research. Besides, the halal products are also being monitored, certified, and enforced by the government. Halal products with certification will automatically gain the confidant of the consumers without any doubts. There are many types of research being conducted about the halal industry, but there is limited research being conducted to explore the non-Muslim consumers' purchase intention on halal products.Keywords: halal products, purchase intention, non-muslim, literature review
The Effect of Halal Certificate towards Chicken Meat Import between Brazil and Indonesia according to Rule of GATT – WTO
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Ayodahya Devika Tryza , Haque MD. Sharifu
Published: April 2020

Trade activity is one of the drivers of development in a country in order to obtain national development. In the current era of globalization, trade activities opened among the countries have developed quite rapidly. Indonesia has acquired a spinning wheel in international trade activities. Indonesia is actively involved in several negotiations concerning international trade and actively supports the national development. By becoming a member of the World Trade Organization, Indonesia has carried out important export activities to all parts of the world. Indonesia itself has special rules regarding important goods, specifically about food ingredients. Indonesia stops importing chicken because of the absence of halal labeling on these food ingredients. Indonesia is a country which most of its citizens are Muslim. Food which is consumed for Indonesia Muslim people is not only about safe and healthy but also about halal . Due to this rule, Brazil suffered a quite big loss and filled a lawsuit to WTO. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Indonesian national law regarding halal certification and how to resolve the dispute between Brazil and Indonesia on the issue of importing chicken meat.Keywords: Consumer Protection, Halal Certificate, WTO.
La condición simbólica del arte
Authors: García Leal José
Published: April 2020

RESUMENEl artículo propone una definición esencial del arte como símbolo. Plantea que la filosofía del arte no puede renunciar a preguntarse qué es lo que hace que algo sea arte, ni contentarse con una respuesta de tipo externalista. Discute en esa línea la definición histórica de N. Carroll. Formula unas condiciones básicas del simbolismo y busca caracterizar lo que hay de específico en el símbolo artístico, lo que lo diferencia de los otros símbolos. Se enfrenta a las críticas al simbolismo que actualmente se dan en ciertas teorías y prácticas artísticas.PALABRAS CLAVEDEFINICIÓN ESENCIALISTA. DEFINICIÓN HISTÓRICA. SIMBOLISMO. REPRESENTACIÓN.ABSTRACTThis article proposes an essential definition of art as symbol. The autor holds that the philosophy of art cannot give up the question about what is it that determines that something is to be considered as art and neither can be satisfied with an answer of an externalist type. This is why the historic definition of N.Caroll is discussed. The author establishes the basic conditions of symbolism and seeks to characterize the specific traits of the artistic symbol, which differentiates it from the other symbols. He faces the critics to symbolism which nowadays can be found in certain theories and artistic practices.KEY WORDSESSENTIALIST DEFINITION, HISTORIC DEFINITION, SYMBOLISM, REPRESENTATION.
Ciencia y racionalidad para el futuro del ser humano
Authors: Agazzi Evandro
Published: April 2020

RESUMENLa idea del progreso de la humanidad se ha basado, en los últimos dos siglos, en el progreso científico-técnico. Por otra parte, se ha considerado a la ciencia como el paradigma de la racionalidad. Las consecuencias negativas producidas por el progreso científico-técnico están provocando un rechazo radical, en diversas capas sociales, de la ciencia y de la racionalidad; y la idea de progreso se ha invertido en la añoranza del pasado. Superando esta imagen neopositivista de la ciencia, el trabajo intenta recuperar para el futuro del ser humano tanto la racionalidad, como la ciencia y la posibilidad del progreso. La racionalidad debe fundarse en valores positivos para el futuro de la humanidad. Por su parte, el progreso debe ser entendido como una tarea por hacer en cada momento, como el compromiso en la realización de aquellos ideales, utilizando la ciencia y la técnica como sus instrumentos más valiosos. PALABRAS CLAVEPROGRESO-CIENCIA-TECNICA-VALORESABSTRACTOver the last two centuries, the idea of human progress has relied upon scientific-technological progress. Meanwhile, science has been considered the paradigm of rationality. however, the negative consequences of scientific-technological progres are causing a radical rejection, at differents social levels, of science and racionality; and the idea of prgress has become a longing for the past. Going beyond this neopositivist image of science, the paper tries to recover rationality, science and the possibility of progress for the future of humanity. Rationality should be based on positive values evisaged to advace it. Progress should be conceived as an open, permanent task using science and technology as its most valued instruments. KEYWORDSPROGRESS- SCIENCE-TECHNOLOGY-VALUES
Extranjería y alteridad
Authors: Bello Reguera Gabriel
Published: April 2020

RESUMENEl trabajo aborda el problema antropológico y moral de la comprensión de la alteridad a partir de una lectura crítica de la obra de Levinas. Asimismo, esta lectura lleva a examinar, bajo la imagen del extranjero, las consecuencias morales y políticas de la institucionalización de la alteridad.PALABRAS CLAVEALTERIDAD-EXTRANJERIA-LEVINASABSTRACTThe paper approaches the anthropological and moral problem of alterity from a critical reading of Levinas' works. Furthemore, the reading points to examine, under the image of the foreigner, the moral and political consequences of institutionalising alterityKEYWORDSOTHERNESS-FOREIGNESS-LEVINAS
Reflexión y revelación, los dos elementos del discurrir filosófico. (Una aproximación al pensamiento de María Zambrano)
Authors: Ortega Muñoz Juan Fernando
Published: April 2020

RESUMENMaría Zambrano intenta superar el racionalismo a partir de la razón poética, síntesis de la intuición intelectual, que llama “revelación”, y de la razón discursiva.PALABRAS CLAVESRAZON POETICA – INTUICION – REFLEXION – RACIONALISMO ABSTRACTMaría Zambrano tries to go beyond rationalism from the “poetic reason”, a synthesis of the intelectual intuition, which she calls “revelation”, and the discursive reason.KEYWORDSPOETIC REASON – INTUITION – REFLECTION – RATIONALISM
Solving an X-Ray Structure of a Bio-Artificial Neurotransmitter Receptor Designed for the Naked-Eye Recognition of Dopamine
Authors: Rossel Thibaud , Zhang Bing , Gobat Raphael
Published: April 2020

The literature is constellated with a wide variety of chemosensors against a plethora of analytes.﻿ This seminal library is used to inspire chemists to improve them using chemical synthesis. However, their optimization via chemical synthesis is a difficult task which takes time without the guarantee of final success.﻿We show here that combinatorial chemistry﻿,the use of first and second coordination spheres and the displacement of indicators united within a protein cavity﻿ offers an easy-to-assemble colorimetric bio-chemical sensor. It consists only of commercial chemicals. This colorimetric sensor is highly modular, cheap and evolvable. Its X-ray structure reveals the composition of its active site. This allows to design it rationally for the recognition of dopamine with the naked eye. Our bio-sensor therefore resembles a biological receptor for the recognition of neurotransmitters. Its immediate high adaptability and ability to be evolved can be useful for the selective detection of a wide variety of analytes going from small molecules to microorganisms. This discovery therefore makes it possible to dream of new biotechnological or new immunotherapeutic applications.
Kaum Arab Hadrami Dalam Sejarah Perkembangan Lembaga Pendidikan Al Irsyad (1918-1950)
Authors: Cipta Samudra Eka
Published: April 2020

Penelitian berusaha untuk mengkaji bagaimana peranan keturunan Arab dalam mengembangkan sistem pendidikan yang berorientasikan negara dan agama. Terpecahnya golongan keturunan Arab antara pro terhadap Gagasan Nasionalisme dengan kelompok yang menentang Nasionalisme didirikanlah Lembaga Pendidikan Al-Irsyad yang ditujukan untuk memajukan kebutuhan pendidikan bagi kalangan masyarakat pribumi dan kalangan Keturunan Arab. Tokoh-tokoh penting dalam pendirian Lembaga Al-Irsyad seperti Abdul Rahman Baswedan dan Ahmad Sukrati berhasil membentuk generasi yang kelak akan memperjuangkan Kemerdekaan Indonesia melalui lembaga pendidikan. Sebelum dibentuknya Lembaga Pendidikan Al-Irsyad terjadi perbedaan pandangan diantara sesama Kelompok Masyarakat Keturunan Arab Jamiâ€™at Kheir sudah terlebih dahulu didirikan akan tetapi sebagian anggota menginginkan agar pentingnya pendidikan bagi kaum pribumi dan Masyarakat Keturunan maka sebagian anggota bekas Jamâ€™at Kheir kemudian mendirikan Lembaga Pendidikan Al-Irsyad. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosio-historis dengan memiliki rumusan masalah diantaranya, 1) bagaimana mula kondisi sosial Masayarakat Keturunan Arab di Indonesia, 2) bagaimana awal pendirian Lembaga Pendidikan Al-Irsyad dan, 3) bagaimana peran Lembaga Pendidikan Al-Irsyad?
Tendências Climáticas das Temperaturas do Ar no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Sul do Brasil
Authors: Cordeiro Ana Paula Assumpção
Published: April 2020

A temperatura média global (continente e oceano) da superfície mostra um aquecimento linear de 0,85 (0,65 a 1,06) °C no período 1880-2012. Com a hipótese de que as tendências climáticas observadas em escala global estejam, também, ocorrendo no sul do Brasil, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar, temporal e espacialmente, as tendências climáticas, anuais e estacionais, da temperatura mínima do ar, temperatura máxima do ar e temperatura média do ar no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, bem como discutir possíveis causas. Espera-se que essas informações possam subsidiar pesquisadores em diversas áreas de atividade, especialmente na agricultura. Para tal foram utilizados dados mensais do período de 1950 a 2009, de 14 estações meteorológicas, obtidos no 8º Distrito Meteorológico - Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Neste período de sessenta anos, as três temperaturas apresentaram tendência de aumento nas quatro estações do ano e no caso anual, exceto a temperatura máxima no verão, que apresentou tendência de redução. A tendência de aumento das três temperaturas foi mais fraca no inverno e mais forte na primavera. A temperatura mínima do ar foi a que apresentou a mais forte tendência de aumento, exercendo grande influência na tendência de aumento da temperatura média do ar. As tendências observadas estão relacionadas, pelo menos em parte, com o fenômeno El Niño Oscilação Sul (ENOS), especialmente sua fase quente, El Niño, mais fortes, frequentes e extensos a partir da década de 1980, principalmente na primavera e início do verão (épocas de maior impacto do fenômeno no clima do Estado). No entanto, são coerentes também com o aumento do efeito estufa na atmosfera e com o aquecimento do sistema climático global e regional. Os resultados deste trabalho servem de subsídios para o planejamento de estratégias de adaptação e/ou mitigação de seus possíveis impactos negativos, ou para tirar proveito de possíveis condições climáticas favoráveis.
Impactos da urbanização e das alterações climáticas no sistema de drenagem do Recife-PE (Impacts of urbanization and climate change in the drainage system of Recife-PE)
Authors: Silva Junior Marcos Antonio Barbosa da , Silva Simone Rosa da
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho discute a vulnerabilidade do sistema de drenagem urbana da cidade do Recife sob o aspecto urbanístico e climático (precipitações intensas e oscilações de maré). Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, apresentando um diagnóstico expedito sobre as peculiaridades da drenagem urbana da cidade, discutindo as intervenções estruturais realizadas no sistema e as medidas implementadas para o enfrentamento das mudanças climáticas. Verificou-se que as ações e medidas que propiciem uma melhor adaptação para a adequação do sistema de drenagem na região, diante da influência das alterações climáticas, ainda são muito tímidas. De uma maneira geral, conclui-se pela necessária gestão integrada do saneamento, a efetiva aplicação das medidas não estruturais, e a utilização combinada de técnicas compensatórias e estruturais que vise à sustentabilidade do sistema, considerando também, os efeitos das alterações climáticas.    A B S T R A C T This paper discusses the vulnerability of urban drainage system of the city of Recife considering the urban and climate aspect (intense rainfall and tide oscillations). It presents an expeditious diagnosis on the urban drainage peculiarities of the city, discussing the structural interventions carried out in the system and the measures implemented for coping with climate change, considering the aspect of the urban drainage. It was verified that the actions and measures that allow a better adaptation to the adequacy of the drainage system in the region, given the influence of climate change, are still very timid. It is concluded, in general, in favor of the necessary integrated management of sanitation, the effective implementation of non-structural measures, and the combined use of compensatory and structural techniques aiming at the sustainability of the system, considering the effects of climate change as well.  Keywords: Urban planning; climate change; urban drainage.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Budgetary Slack pada Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah di Propinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Panjaitan Farida Betniwati , Margaret Rosiana , Carolina Yenni
Published: April 2020

Anggaran sebagai alat manajemen untuk mengontrol operasional suatu organisasi adalah faktor yang penting untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi tersebut. Dalam organisasi di pemerintahan, anggaran juga digunakan sebagai alat untuk mengukur kemampuan pemerintah dalam mengelola dana keuangan yang digunakan untuk melayani kepentingan umum. Walaupun begitu, pada prakteknya, pengukuran kinerja menggunakan anggaran sebagai tolok ukur seringkali meleset karena adanya kesenjangan dalam anggaran. Berdasarkan fakta ini, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dampak budget participation dan budget emphasis terhadap budgetary slack. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisa deskriptif dengan pendekatan berupa survey. Tipe data yang digunakan berupa data primer. Data dikumpulkan dengan mengirimkan kuesioner pada responden. Empat puluh sembilan buah kuesioner dibagikan pada kepala bagian, kepala sub bagian, dan kepala seksi beserta seluruh staffnya yang terlibat dalam pembuatan anggaran di Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Propinsi Jawa Barat. Analisa data dilakukan menggunakan metode Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) dengan aplikasi program Smart-PLS 3.0. Metode SEM-PLS dipilih dengan pertimbangan bahwa metode ini dapat menganalisa data dalam jumlah yang kecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budget participation dan budget emphasis memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap budgetary slack.

Kata kunci: budget participation, budget emphasis, budgetary slack.
DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK STRUCTURES FOR PREDICTING NAVIGATION TASKS OF A MOBILE ROBOT
Authors: Sahmutoglu Irem , AKDOGAN Erhan
Published: April 2020

Determining trajectories in mobile robot navigation tasks is a difficult process to apply with conventional methods. Therefore, intelligent techniques produce highly effective results in trajectory optimization and orientation prediction. In this study, two different ANN (Artificial Neural Network) structures have been developed for the navigation prediction of the SCITOS G5 mobile robot. For this aim, RBF (Radial Basis Function) and MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron) structures were used. Information obtained from 24 sensors of the robot was used as network inputs and network output determines robot direction. Accordingly, structures that have 24 inputs and one output were created. The best performance network structures obtained were compared among them in simulation environment. Accordingly, RBF has been observed to produce more accurate results than MLP.
Fostering Mathematical Creativity through the Various Mathematical Expressions in the 3D Coordinate System Based Coding Environment : Focusing on Designing Coding Tasks and Analyzing Code Expressions
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Chung In-Woo , Cho Han Hyuk
Published: April 2020

In this study, various mathematical expressions of ‘Turtlecraft’, a 3D coordinate-based coding environment, are analyzed in relation to the expression of mathematical creativity. Based on this coding environment, the design of the task to express mathematical creativity is discussed on the basis of recent previous studies on mathematical creativity. In addition, the students' various codes for the designed task were analyzed in terms of mathematical creativity, and the level of code expression was analyzed together with SOLO taxonomy. As a result, Turtlecraft confirmed that there are characteristics related to the expression of mathematical creativity in that various structures can be expressed based on mathematical concepts. Furthermore, the use of designed coding tasks facilitated the development of students' mathematical creativity and suggested a high level of responses categorized into ‘relational response’.
Evasão em cursos técnicos a distância: uma investigação no Programa Profuncionário
Authors: Passos Marize Lyra Silva , Barbosa Mariana Biancucci Apolinário , Lacerda Luciane Ferreira
Published: April 2020

O aumento da oferta de cursos a distância no Brasil é evidente, e com ela as alta taxas de evasão discente que preocupam as instituições de ensino, pois resulta em ociosidade de profissionais, de materiais e de espaço físico. Considerando a apresentação de poucos estudos sobre o tema este trabalho tem o objetivo de ajudar o entendimento deste fenômeno, apresentando uma pesquisa sobre o fenômeno em uma Instituição Pública de Ensino Técnico e Tecnológico no Brasil. A identificação das causas do fenômeno foram baseada nas  causa  internas e externas ao contexto do curso, propostas por Bittencourt e Mercado (2014). Esta foi uma pesquisa survey de abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou como instrumento de coleta de dados um questionário online enviado para 172 alunos evadidos. A partir da análise dos dados constatou-se que as causas internas foram as que mais motivaram a evasão destes alunos. E os principais itens apontados foram: Orientação da coordenação do curso, Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem utilizado pelo curso, os Encontros presenciais, Falta de tempo para estudar, Possuir curso de graduação e Influência familiar. É importante que  estratégias de combate à evasão sejam adotadas pela instituição a fim de minimizar o desperdício de recursos públicos.
Influências do uso do WhatsApp na qualidade de vida de professoras de ensino fundamental
Authors: Sousa Viviane Ramos , Santos Damares Borges dos , Oliveira Alfredo Almeida Pina de , Andrade Elisabete Agrela
Published: April 2020

O WhatsApp, uma das mídias sociais mais populares no mundo e parte da revolução digital das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs), vem mudando as relações sociais. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a influência do WhatsApp na qualidade de vida dos professores do ensino fundamental. A amostra do estudo foi composta por 51 professoras, que trabalham em seis escolas particulares no sul de São Paulo. Dois questionários diferentes foram usados para coletar os dados do estudo: (1) questionário de práticas de uso do WhatsApp e (2) questionário para avaliar a qualidade de vida WHOQOL-Bref. Os dados coletados foram analisados pelo software estatístico GraphPad Prism®, evidenciam influências negativas ou positivas associadas ao propósito do uso e das reações emocionais provocadas em seus usuários. Conclui-se que o WhatsApp pode ter influência positiva quando usado moderadamente e influência negativa, se seu uso causar ansiedade ou trouxer distrações de atenção nas atividades diárias. Apresenta-se também como um recurso relevante para promover a saúde e elaborar ações educativas inovadoras.
Quality in learning: what should contain the definition?
Authors: Vagarinho Joao
Published: April 2020

Today there are many definitions about quality in education, but few are specific to e-learning. Those it is broad, it is associated with different contexts, interests of some authors, incomplete and with lack of rigor As a result, research in this area is difficult when comparing studies to get conclusions, advance new researches or understand the definition in detail. In this context, we developed a qualitative research, collecting empirical data from a set of e-learning experts of 17 countries and complementing it with the bibliography. As a result, we have identified 4 key areas with 24 characteristics that should be included in a definition of quality for e-learning. They can be useful for universities, e-learning managers, quality agencies and other stakeholders who want to build a new definition, adjust existing ones or implement, improve and identify quality in e-learning.
Mujeres del noreste de México que participan en proyectos productivos agropecuarios: análisis psicosocial de sus procesos de empoderamiento
Authors: Cazares-Palacios Itzia María
Published: April 2020

Se tiene como propósito conocer de qué forma la participación de mujeres de la región sureste de Coahuila en proyectos productivos contribuye o no a sus procesos de empoderamiento psicosociales en las dimensiones individual, colectiva y de las relaciones cercanas. Tomando como base el Modelo Tridimensional de Empoderamiento de Jo Rowlands (1997), se analizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y entrevistas grupales. Los resultados muestran que las participantes mejoran la percepción sobre sus capacidades para realizar cambios, fortalecen su confianza y autonomía; sin embargo, no se observaron transformaciones de género al interior de la unidad doméstica. En términos colectivos, se observó que el chisme es un elemento que dificulta la organización. Se discuten algunas implicaciones metodológicas para estudios futuros.
Participación en el mercado de crédito formal versus el informal en México
Authors: Guízar Isaí , González Olivares Daniel , Ezzahra Housni Fatima
Published: April 2020

Se identifican factores que influyen en la decisión de tomar un crédito formal versus uno informal en México. Empleando información de la Encuesta Nacional de Inclusión Financiera, los resultados econométricos distinguen un conjunto de variables que tienen una relación positiva en las elecciones de fuentes formales, pero negativa en las informales (ingreso, educación, estado civil, género y acceso a seguros), otra que sólo influye en las elecciones formales (posesión de garantías, tamaño del hogar, ahorro financiero y posesión de teléfono celular) y otra en las elecciones de mecanismos informales (edad). El ejercicio ayuda a comprender por qué la participación de los mexicanos en el mercado de crédito formal es substancialmente menor que en el mercado informal.
Migrantska kriza u Europskoj uniji
Authors: Bježančević Sanja
Published: April 2020

Europska je unija nastala na temeljima
ekonomskih integracija, ali je s godinama širila područja svoje nadležnosti. Svoje ovlasti širile su i
institucije Europske unije, a promicanje mira i europskih vrijednosti
zajedničkih državama članicama te stvaranje prostora slobode, sigurnosti i
pravde postali su temeljne vrijednosti i ciljevi Europske unije. Slijedom
navedenog, velike su se promjene dogodile na području pravosuđa i unutarnjih
poslova, odnosno na području politike azila. Neformalna suradnja sedamdesetih
godina prerasla je u institucionalnu, a rezultirala je stvaranjem zajedničke
politike azila EU-a. Vrhunac migrantske krize 2015. pokazao je sve nedostatke
te politike i ukazao na nužnost reforme dotadašnjega zajedničkog sustava azila. Rad donosi pregled
stvaranja zajedničke politike azila EU-a te izazove s kojima se EU susreo zbog
najvećega migrantskog vala iz bliskoistočnih zemalja i pokazuje utjecaj
migracijskih kretanja prema EU-u posljednjih godina na percepciju njezinih
građana o ključnim problemima EU-a. Analizom izvješća o stanju ljudskih prava
na području EU-a te odnosom broja podnesenih zahtjeva za azilom u državama
članicama EU-a i problemima koje građani EU navode kao ključne dokazuje se
pretpostavka da znatni priljev migranata i povećanje broja zahtjeva za azilom u državama članicama utječe na prepoznavanje migracije kao ključnoga problema.
‘Sovereign Democracy’ and the Politics of Ideology in Putin’s Russia
Authors: Kortukov Dima
Published: April 2020

The concept of sovereign democracy dominated the political discourse in Russia in 2006–8 but lost much of its significance since. In this article, I argue that sovereign democracy is best understood as the response of Russia’s authorities to the threats of democratization, following Eurasian color revolutions. I distinguish between three conceptually distinct aspects of sovereign democracy: (1) a social contract (2) a legitimation discourse; and (3) a counter-revolutionary praxis. These dimensions allow us to understand what functions sovereign democracy fulfilled within the framework of Russia’s authoritarian regime and why it lost its prominence over time.
Shifted hub regions in the brain network of rat neuropathic pain model after electroacupuncture therapy
Authors: Wu Jiajia , Wang Shuai , Lu Yechen , Zheng Mouxiong , Hua Xuyun , Xu Jianguang
Published: April 2020

Electroacupuncture has been considered an effective neurorehabilitative approach to relieve neuropathic pain originating in the central nervous system. However, the neural mechanism underlying the effect of electroacupuncture on pain-relief remains largely unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the alteration of hub configurations of brain networks caused by the sustained impact of electroacupuncture on a clinically relevant animal model of neuropathic pain. Rats were divided into four groups: normal, model, electroacupuncture, and sham-electroacupuncture. Rats of the last three groups received complete brachial plexus avulsion to evoke neuropathic pain. Electroacupuncture was conducted continuously for three months on the electroacupuncture group, while the sham intervention was performed on the sham-electroacupuncture group. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds were evaluated at the end of the first and third month of intervention. Graph theoretical network analysis compared the regional topological parameters and explored hub configurations of brain networks by longitudinal resting-state fMRI. Three-months electroacupuncture showed a significant pain-relief effect. Not the spatial distribution of hubs, but the hubness distribution showed a significant difference among groups after a three-month intervention. The proportion of more highly connected hub regions was significantly higher in the model rats than the normal rats, while that of the electroacupuncture group was considerably lower than the model group. Additionally, regional parameter changes showed a very similar distribution of hub proportions. It was concluded that long-term electroacupuncture might restore an adaptive equilibrium to a disrupted network and suppress maladaptive plastic changes that follow neuropathic pain. This may provide an important avenue for future strategies appropriate for therapeutic interventions.
Herbal complex ‘Buyang Huanwu Tang’ improves motor endplate function of denervated-dependent skeletal muscle atrophy in rat
Authors: Zhou Lan , Huang Yu-Fang , Xie Hui , Mei Xiao-Yun , Cao Jun
Published: April 2020

Denervated-dependent skeletal muscle atrophy is a disease induced by skeletal muscle associated peripheral neuro-disconnection. Its specific molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The treating for denervated-dependent skeletal muscle atrophy is applied with an herbal complex Buyang Huanwu Tang used in traditional Chinese medicine and subjected to the established denervated-dependent skeletal muscle atrophy in rat models, and the therapeutic effects and associated mechanisms were evaluated in the pathogenesis of denervated-dependent skeletal muscle atrophy. Denervated-dependent skeletal muscle atrophy in rats was established and randomly divided into eight groups, including Normal control, Model, Positive control, Model + Buyang Huanwu Tang, Model + astragalus extracts, Model + Buyang Huanwu Tang-astragalus, Buyang Huanwu Tang + LY294002, and astragalus extract + LY294002 group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay were used to examine the inflammatory response of muscle tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting assay were utilized to analyze mRNA and protein expression. Immunohistochemistry assay was used to detect molecule expression in anterior cervical muscle tissues. Motor endplate activity was examined using the wholemount acetylcholinesterase staining method. The wet mass ratio of anterior cervical muscle was measured. The results indicated that Buyang Huanwu Tang treatment significantly alleviated inflammatory response, enhanced acetylcholinesterase activity, and motor endplate functions, and promoted wet mass of anterior cervical muscle compared to denervated-dependent skeletal muscle atrophy rat models (P < 0.05). Buyang Huanwu Tang regulated molecules of PI3K/PKB/GSK3β/FOXO1 signaling pathway. Buyang Huanwu Tang significantly reduced muscle atrophy F-box protein, MuFR-1, Bax and caspase 9 expression, significantly enhanced Bcl-2 expression, and remarkably increased element-binding protein and vascular endothelial growth factor levels, compared to Model group (P < 0.05). Buyang Huanwu Tang suppressed caspase 9 and caspase 3 activity and associated apoptosis. Moreover, PI3K specific blocker, LY294002, significantly inhibited the effects of Buyang Huanwu Tang on the above molecule expression (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Buyang Huanwu Tang improved motor endplate functions of denervated-dependent skeletal muscle atrophy rat model through suppressing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and activating PI3K/PKB/FOXO1 signaling pathway.
Predicting the outcomes of shunt implantation in patients with post-traumatic hydrocephalus and severe conscious disturbance: a scoring system based on clinical characteristics
Authors: Wang Yadong , Wen Liang , You Wendong , Zhu Yuanrun , Wang Hao , Sun Yun , Bao Wangxiao , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: April 2020

Post-traumatic hydrocephalus is a common complication secondary to traumatic brain injury. It can cause cerebral metabolic impairment and dysfunction. Therefore, timely treatment with shunt implantation is necessary. However, the outcomes of shunt surgery in patients with post-traumatic hydrocephalus combined with disturbance of consciousness are doubtful. The objective was to develop a predictive model that uses the information available before surgery to predict the outcome of shunt implantation in such patients. Retrospectively collected data were used to develop a clinical prediction model. The model was derived from 59 patients using logistic regression analysis, and then it was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and Hosmer-Lemshow test. A validation cohort verified the model. Four independent predictors were identified: age < 50 years, mild hydrocephalus, Glasgow Coma Scale scores 9-12 at the time of injury, and time interval from trauma to shunting < 3 months. We calculated the total score and defined the patients into three groups: low-probability (0-10 points), medium-probability (11-16 points), and high-probability (17-30 points). The rates of improved outcomes in the three groups were 14.3%, 52.6%, and 94.7%, respectively (P < 0.0001). The correlative rates of the validation cohort were 21.4%, 54.5%, and 85.7%. The prognostic model showed good discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.869) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemshow test, P = 0.391). The developed predictive model can identify patients with post-traumatic hydrocephalus combined with disturbance of consciousness who can benefit from shunt implantation. Therefore, our prognostic model can predict the outcomes of patients with post-traumatic hydrocephalus and disturbance of consciousness after shunt surgery.
EEG effective connectivity networks for an attentive task requiring vigilance based on dynamic partial directed coherence
Authors: Xie Songyun , Li Yabing
Published: April 2020

An effective network perspective focused on measuring directional interactions of electroencephalographic in different cortical regions during a sustained attentive task requiring vigilance. A novel measure referred to as dynamic partial directed coherence was used to map the cognitive state of vigilance based on graph theory. In the right parieto-occipital area, the area is significantly higher than in other regions of interest (the areas are 0.601 and 0.632 for out-degree and in-degree, respectively). A similar analysis in the right fronto-central area revealed significant differences in the different cognitive states. Across the six regions of interest, significant differences of in-degree and out-degree based alpha band are observed in the right fronto-central and the right parieto-occipital (P < 0.05). The performance was compared with those from a support vector machine using different network-based phase-locking values, partial directed coherence, and dynamic partial directed coherence. Results show that dynamic partial directed coherence can provide more information about direction (compared with phase-locking values) and accuracy (when compared with partial directed coherence). The graph theoretical analysis shows that the effective network based dynamic partial directed coherence has a small-world property for synchronizing neural activity between brain regions. Moreover, the alpha band is well correlated with the cognitive state compared to other frequency bands.
Impact of the botulinum-A toxin on prevention of adult migraine disorders
Authors: Shen Bin , Wang Lan
Published: April 2020

A systematic review of the impact of botulinum-A toxin as a therapeutic regimen for the management of adult migraine disorders is shown to that Botulinum-A toxin provides a more significant reduction in the number of headache episodes per month relative to placebo (MD: -0.61, 95% CI: -1.02 to -0.19). In subgroup analysis, botulinum-A toxin significantly reduced headache episodes per month relative to placebo for chronic migraine (MD: -1.68, 95% CI: -3.31 to -0.06), migraine (MD: -2.43, 95% CI: -4.08 to -0.77), and follow-up time in 16 weeks (MD: -2.19, 95% CI: -3.84 to -0.53). Statistical differences were not found in subgroup analyses of data relating to chronic migraine, episodic migraine, and other treatment course durations. An analysis of chronic and episodic migraine, botulinum-A toxin did not significantly differ from placebo in the proportion of patients achieving a fifty percent reduction in the number of headaches per month. In terms of patients’ subjective reporting of headaches, botulinum toxin A conferred significant improvements when assessment questionnaires of migraine disability and migraine impact were analyzed. However, differences were not substantial with data from the 6-item headache impact test. This meta-analysis demonstrated that botulinum-A toxin as a therapeutic regimen improved the impact of chronic migraines after 16 weeks of therapy, although this was not the case for episodic migraine.
NF-κB “decoy” inhibits COX-2 expression in epileptic rat brain
Authors: Xu Jing , Sun Yiping , Zhao Yongshun , Li Qifa , Ge Biying , Dai Shufang , Liu Kemin , Xu Hong , Fu Lei , Zhao Jie
Published: April 2020

There is a need to investigate the role of nuclear factor kappa B in the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the epileptic rat brain and cultured hippocampal neurons. Immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of nuclear factor kappa B and cyclooxygenase-2. In cultured hippocampal neurons and rat brain: the control group compared with the normal group, nuclear factor kappa B expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, cerebral cortex, the piriform cortex brain regions were significantly increased (P < 0.01). This is accompanied by a significant increase in cyclooxygenase-2 protein and mRNA expressions in the hippocampus (P < 0.01). In the experimental group compared to the control group, the nuclear factor-kappa B expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, cerebral cortex, piriform cortex, and other brain regions was significantly lower (P < 0.01), with the accompanying decrease in cyclooxygenase-2 protein and mRNA expression (P < 0.01) in the hippocampus. In conclusion, κB-decoy can inhibit nuclear factor kappa B activation in epileptic rat brain and cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression.
Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning in patients with STEMI during primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Chen En , Cai Wei , Hu Danqing , Chen Lianglong
Published: April 2020

Remote ischemic conditioning is usually associated with cardioprotective intervention against ischemia-reperfusion. However, the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIC-pre) completed before myocardial reperfusion with intermittent limb ischemia-reperfusion in patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is unclear. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were fully searched from the beginning of each database up to September 2019 to find seven RCTs, a total of 2796 patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI with RIC-pre and 2818 patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI alone. No significant discrepancy in cardiac death was observed between RIC-pre and control groups (RR 1.03, 95% CI [0.76-1.41], P = 0.83, I² = 40%). The incidences of hospitalization for heart failure (RR 1.03, 95% CI [0.85-1.25], P = 0.77, I² = 0%), myocardial infarction (RR 0.86, 95% CI [0.59-1.26], P = 0.44, I² = 0%), and stroke (RR 1.04, 95% CI [0.62-1.77], P = 0.87, I² = 0%) were not decreased in RIC-pre group when compared with control group. Subgroup analysis revealed similar risk in clinical adverse events at long- and short-term follow-up between two groups. However, peak of creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) was reduced in RIC-pre group (SWD -0.42, 95% CI [-0.77, -0.07], P = 0.02, I² = 34%). RIC-pre tended to a low peak of CK-MB in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI, but lacked significant beneficial effects on improving clinical outcomes at long- and short-term follow-up.