bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolated sternal hypoplasia: a rare cause of kyphoscoliosis
Authors: Krishnan Venkatram , Mittal Mahesh Kumar , Sinha Mukul , Thukral Brij Bhushan
Published: February 2019

In most cases, kyphoscoliosis is idiopathic. However, this is a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only if no cause can be identified. Kyphoscoliosis can occur due to various causes. Isolated sternal anomalies may also cause kyphoscoliosis secondary to the bony deformity though this has not previously been reported in literature. We have reported a case of kyphoscoliosis secondary to isolated sternal hypoplasia with complete absence of bony and cartilaginous elements of the body and xiphoid process of the sternum without any associated deformities of mediastinal structures, lung parenchyma or soft tissues in a young male patient. Careful evaluation of patients with kyphoscoliosis can ensure timely diagnosis of unusual and potentially treatable causes for the same such as sternal anomalies. Addition of lateral chest radiographs to the imaging protocol for evaluation of kyphoscoliosis can play a major role in timely diagnosis of such cases.
Whatuora: Theorizing "New" Indigenous Research Methodology from "Old" Indigenous Weaving Practice
Authors: Smith Hinekura
Published: February 2019

Despite Indigenous peoples’ deeply methodological and artistic ways of being in and making sense of our world, the notion of “methodology” has been captured by Western research paradigms and duly mystified. This article seeks to contribute to Indigenous scholarship that encourages researchers to look to our own artistic practices and ways of being in the world, theorizing our own methodologies for research from our knowledge systems to tell our stories and create “new” knowledge that will serve us in our current lived realities.I explain how I theorised a Māori [Indigenous peoples of Aotearoa New Zealand] weaving practice as a decolonizing research methodology for my doctoral research (Smith, 2017) to explore the lived experiences of eight Māori mothers and grandmothers as they wove storied Māori cloaks. I introduce you to key theoreticians who contributed significantly to my work so as to encourage other researchers to look for, and listen to, the wisdom contained within Indigenous knowledge and then consider the methodologies most capable of telling our stories from our own world-views.
APPLICATION OF FUZZY GOAL PROGRAMMING TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMAL CULTIVATION CROPS MODEL
Authors: Mohammadian Farshad , Heydari Mohammad
Published: February 2019

Purpose of study: According to the role and importance of farm management units, using mathematical programming models have an essential role in determining the optimal cultivation pattern. This study represents the theory and application of a fuzzy goal programming model to determine an optimal cultivation pattern considering different goals.

Methodology: Analysis of the fuzzy goal programming model and applying it in the decision of optimal cultivation pattern in the Ferdowsi University farm has been shown in this study.

Main Findings: The results indicate that making flexibility in model coefficients - because of deficiency in information- with the fuzzy idea, remove this deficiency extremely, and conditions of cultivation pattern relatively improve, then inputs and sources are applied optimally.

Implications: This study expects to help farmers and agriculture officials to decide better agricultural policies and practices.

Novelty: This study is done at the research farm of agriculture faculty at Ferdowsi University, and the software WinQsb was used.
Bipolar Disorder in Statehood: is China “Dr. Jekyll” or “Mr. Hyde” or Both?
Authors: Jones David A.
Published: February 2019

American and Chinese interests seem to be at one time in agreement and at another at loggerheads over issues that involve armed services, diplomacy, economics, human rights, intelligence, trade and culture. Part of what may appear to be a growing déracinement, or mutual disenchantment, arising from diverse viewpoints over infrastructure development globally but especially in sensitive developing areas such as the stand-off in the South China Sea and elsewhere along the Pacific coastline of Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific Rim. China seems to be reconstructing its ancient feudal empire, actual or imaginary, in the territory to its South, the ASEAN bloc. This article will address some issues of compatibility and conflict that unite China but that sometimes divide it from the United States and the West, then assesses what alternative strategies should be adopted or abandoned in the interests of global and regional harmony coupled with security. It urges greater cooperation and collaboration, a development of a code of conduct for state behavior in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region, together with a concerted East–West effort to maintain a stable economy for China and a sustainable trade relationship between China, Europe, and North America.
U.S. and China: Hard and Soft Power Potential
Authors: Łoś Robert
Published: February 2019

The United States, as a leading world power, has to face China – an emerging powerful rival. The potential of both states’ power is measured by universal indicators. On a military level, these indicators are: military expenditure, soldiers/reserve/soldiers abroad, offensive weapons, nuclear warheads. On an economic level: GDP value, reserve currency/public debt to GNP, direct investment home and abroad. With regard soft power, six categories have been taken into consideration: diplomacy, socio-political, socio-economic, education, high and popular culture. All of the three researched levels were correlated with both states’ political system specificity and the character of the international arena’s relations. It allowed for the assessment of the current levels of both states’ power as well as their future prospects.
U.S. Foreign Policy Towards North Korea
Authors: Husenicova Lucia
Published: February 2019

The U.S. relations to Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) are since the end of the Cold War revolving around achieving a state of nuclear free Korean peninsula. As non-proliferation is a long term of American foreign policy, relations to North Korea could be categorized primarily under this umbrella. However, the issue of North Korean political system also plays role as it belongs to the other important, more normative category of U.S. foreign policy which is the protection of human rights and spreading of democracy and liberal values. In addition, the North Korean issue influences U.S. relations and interests in broader region of Northeast Asia, its bilateral alliances with South Korea (Republic of Korea, ROK) and Japan as well as sensitive and complex relations to People’s Republic of China. As the current administration of president Donald J. Trump published its National security strategy and was fully occupied with the situation on Korean peninsula in its first year, the aim of the paper is to analyse the changes in evolution of U.S. North Korean policy under last three administrations, look at the different strategies adopted in order to achieve the same aim, the denuclearization. The paper does not provide a thorough analysis, neither looks at all documents adopted and presented in the U.S. or within the U.N. It more focuses on the general principles of particular strategies, most significant events in mutual relations as recorded by involved gov­ernmental officials and also weaknesses of these strategies as none has achieved desirable result. In conclusion, several options for current administration are drawn, however all of them require significant compromises and could be accompanied with series of setbacks dangerous for regional stability and U.S. position in the region.
Yuan Versus United States Dollar: the Defective Bipolar China–United States Relationship
Authors: Smagorowicz-Chojnowska Małgorzata
Published: February 2019

The chosen currency regime places a state within the international economic order. Therefore, the exchange rate is a key to creating an internal financial system and opening it up to foreign participants. In this paper we would like to show the differences between China and the USA and examine their impact on potential changes on the distribution of power in the international system. We will also try to prove that this field is a missing link in preventing the final launching of a symmetrical bipolar system which will finally force China to accept the rules of a Washington Consen­sus instead of following its own patterns. The case study method will be used in order to compare market data and assess the role of currencies for the given model.
Competition Between Chinese and United States Companies in the Internet Market
Authors: Bieliński Tomasz
Published: February 2019

World’s Internet market is dominated by the companies based in United States, but fast growing Chinese companies try to challenge them, and already took the second position. Their success is based on economies of scale and network effects gained thanks to their operations in the Chinese market. This two strategic advantages enable Chinese companies to successfully compete in the global Internet market. Research presented in this paper positively verifies hypothesis that PRC authorities contribute to the success of its companies through discriminatory practices, that do not allow foreign corporations to expand their operations in the Chinese market.
The Impact of the Chinese Diaspora in the U.S. on the American View of China
Authors: Misiuna Jan
Published: February 2019

The first Chinese immigrants arrived in the United States in the 1820s and initially their presence did not result in improving the American perception of China. On the contrary – intense immigration from China led to the development of racist and xenophobic attitudes towards the Chinese (Yellow Peril), which culminated in the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. During the Second World War, China became an important ally of the United States, which triggered a succession of changes to laws barring Chinese immigration (Magnuson Act). Contemporary Chinese Americans – particularly Taiwanese Americans – can be located in the upper spheres of immigrant population: they are considered to be a well-educated and affluent group. This paper presents the historical and contemporary socio-economic characteristics of the Sino-American population set against a historical and legal background.
Assessing the Impact of Communications Strategy and Ethical Positioningon the Resilience of a Political Career Facing Scandal: Critical Analysis of Sexual Scandals within American Politics
Authors: Fisiak Marta
Published: February 2019

Throughout the evolution of public political discourse we have repeatedly seen the effects of scandals on the careers of many politicians. Although the cultural and societal norms that have traditionally dictated the results of such scandals have changed dramatically within the last two centuries, I believe that the aftermath of these scandals may be better understood by analyzing and comparing the politician’s previously established public image to the scandal at hand. I will argue that a negative impact only oc­curs if and when there is a clear contradiction of character that presents the politician as a deceitful or hypocritical person in the media sphere and therefore the eyes of the public.
Between philosophical heights and practical necessities. Some remarks on the idea of applied ethics
Authors: Sójka Jacek
Published: February 2019

For many people the expression “applied ethics” sounds like a pleonasm. They tend to claim that ethics by its very nature is about practical matters. It deals with human actions and their motivations and there is no need to create an additional discipline with special practical bias. However, at least since the 1970s, there has been a growing movement of applied ethics which resulted not only in the increase of enrolment to the academic courses but also in the demand for consulting services in this field. And yet the question still remains to what extent applied ethics inherits philosophical tradition and style of thinking. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the applied ethics is a continuation of philosophical inquiry in the way adjusted well to the demands of the pluralistic and democratic societies.
Human capital and economic development: The axiological perspective
Authors: Woźniak Michał Gabriel
Published: February 2019

Global capitalism is both an outcome and a stimulant of spreading not only the same market economy standards and lifestyles but moral relativism as well. Its origin goes back to Anglo-Saxon liberalism that limits the individuals to maximize their personal benefits that are measured according to the market values. The perception of human nature adopted in this ideology determines solutions as for how to achieve individual and communitarian goals and meet criteria of their validation. As a result, the development of human capital understood as the knowledge necessary to act, is focused on its subjective functions. Thus, human capital plays a more important role in the multiplication of individual benefit than in the improvement of the value of human life. Such developed human capital results in growing disparities in the knowledge assets enabling the harmonization of personal benefit with the responsibility for the valuable life of present and future generations. These disparities lead to an increase in risk of global threats to humanity. The reaction to these threats cannot be based on the development of globalization. The concept that respects the multi-faceted nature of a human being seems to be an appropriate alternative. Due to these efforts, new economics might be developed that may provide applicable educational and institutional tools for long-term sustained economic development and improve the quality of life of an individual.
The attractiveness of the project of practical methodology and virtue epistemology for the economic history research
Authors: Bębnowski Damian
Published: February 2019

Ewa Domańska, a distinguished historian of historiography and the methodologist of history, has provided an insightful commentary on the state of humanities and social sciences. The development of interdisciplinary research in social sciences and humanities has resulted in varying outcomes and interpenetrations. Interdisciplinary research helps the development of science. However, studies undertaken with less rigor may pose some threats into the long term. According to Domańska, the lack of qualifications and care (especially with respect to theory and methodology) may undermine the autonomy of a disciplines and the credibility of research in the given field. This timely warning prompted the author to create the project with the aim to assert the independence of the threatened disciplines and to “re-professionalize” these areas of study. This is to be achieved by emphasizing the role of theory in science—a strong embeddedness of a discipline in the theory. Domańska’s concept, in the form of a dichotomous project, seems to be a recipe for achieving this goal. It presupposes, on the one hand, a “practical methodology”, i.e. constructing the theory basing on empirical research material, and on the other hand the so-called “virtue epistemology”, which stresses an ethical aspect of the researcher’s attitude and labour. The aim of the paper is to discuss Domańska’s project and to draw attention to the originality of her concept in the context of economic and social sciences. The economic history is a peculiar discipline founded at the intersection of history and economics. Thus, it is possible to put forward the thesis that Domańska’s suggestions are relevant to the research of economic history. The author will seek to determine what cognitive opportunities arise from the ontology of economic history and their potential threats to the main disciplines of history and economics. The article will also examine if Domańska’s project is appropriate for the economic history research as it is deeply embedded in “practical methodology”, and so in theory. Next, the author aims to consider the role of new theoretical approaches in this field, and whether it is possible to formulate novel concepts within the scope of the economic history. Finally, the author will attempt to assess the significance of “virtue epistemology” or the ethical aspect of an economic historian’s work.
A moderate position in the debate on the possibility and moral utility of the ethical standards codification
Authors: Klimczuk Andrzej
Published: February 2019

The popularisation of drawing up codes that are addressed to various social groups is one of the features of the modern world. However, researchers of the phenomenon have not yet reached a consensus about the moral validity and utility of this activity. The article thoroughly reviews the Polish literature on the subject with regard to the reasons for taking a moderate stance on the codification of ethical standards. The essay describes the main concepts of ethical codes as well as arguments for their approval and rejection. Attention is drawn to the ways of improving the effectiveness of codes and to the ethical decision-making procedure that reconciles the positions of the supporters and opponents of codification.
СОВМЕСТНОЕ КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ СЖИГАНИЕ САЖИ И ВОДОРОДА В КИПЯЩЕМ СЛОЕ
Authors: (Nikolay А. Yazykov) Языков Николай Алексеевич , (Alexandr D. Simonov) Симонов Александр Дмитриевич
Published: February 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью обезвреживания выбросов сажи и водорода из печей нанесения углеродных покрытий на сорбенты, которые в основном сжигаются в факельном режиме. Это приводит к образованию термических оксидов азота и не обеспечивает полного сгорания сажи. Цель: определение оптимальных условий проведения процесса совместного сжигания продуктов пиролиза бутадиена в кипящем слое катализатора глубокого окисления на реальных выбросах смеси сажи и водорода из печи нанесения углеродных покрытий на сорбенты. Объекты: реальные выбросы смеси сажи и водорода из печи нанесения углеродных покрытий на сорбенты. Методы: хроматографический анализ отходящих газов из реактора с кипящим слое катализатора при сжигании смеси сажи и водорода, фотоколориметрический анализ газов на содержание оксидов азота с использованием реактива Грисса–Илосвая, весовой метод определения выбросов сажи. Удельную поверхность сажи определяли на основе данных изотермы низкотемпературной адсорбции азота. Результаты. Определены оптимальные условия проведения процесса совместного сжигания продуктов пиролиза бутадиена в кипящем слое катализатора глубокого окисления на реальных выбросах смеси сажи и водорода из печи нанесения углеродных покрытий на сорбенты. Показано, что при совместном каталитическом сжигании сажи и водорода в кипящем слое промышленного катализатора ИК-12-70 происходит практически полное окисление водорода при температуре на уровне 550 °С, а степень выгорания углерода в виде сажи достигает значения не ниже 99,9 %. Выбросы вредных веществ незначительны: NOx – не более 4,5 мг/м3, CO – не более 0,037 об. %.
ГЕОЛОГИЯ АПТ-АЛЬБСКИХ ПОРОД КАРБОНАТНОЙ ПЛАТФОРМЫ ОСАДОЧНОЙ ГРУППЫ КОГОЛЛО И ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ АНОКСИДНЫХ ОКЕАНИЧЕСКИХ СОБЫТИЙ БАССЕЙНА МАРАКАЙБО (СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНАЯ ЧАСТЬ ЮЖНОЙ АМЕРИКИ)
Authors: (Aura S. García) Аура Самид Гарсия Бальса
Published: February 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью проведения дополнительных поисково-разведочных работ на нефть и газ в северо-западной части нефтегазоносного бассейна Маракайбо, которые позволят повысить рентабельность разработки действующих месторождений и расширят возможности поиска новых залежей углеводородов в западной части Венесуэлы. Анализируемая осадочная толща Коголло, представленная формациями Апон, Лижур и Марака, включает промышленно продуктивный интервал, который слагают карбонатные отложения и нефтематеринские породы мелового периода. Литологическая характеристика нефтематеринских пород указывает на аноксидные океанические события при формировании формации Апон. Первое событие соотносится с осадконакоплением пачки Мачикес, а второе – с кровлей пачки Пиче. Обе пачки принадлежат к формации Апон. Рассматриваемые события способствовали формированию нефтематеринских пород высокого генерационного потенциала углеводородов, чем объясняется интерес данного исследования. Основной целью исследования является изучение фациальных условий формирования отложений формации Апон в разрезе обнажения континентальной части бассейна Маракайбо и их корреляция с ближайшими глубокими скважинами для определения стратиграфического местоположения коллекторов и их возможной связи с интервалами потенциальной нефтематеринской породы. Объекты: обнажения карьера Цементос Кататумбо С.А. в горной системе Периха, где выделяется карбонатная тоща нижней группы Коголло, а также глубокие поисковые скважины X-1, X-15, X-21, X-14 и X-23. Имеющиеся варианты корреляции отложений в обнажении горной системы Периха недостаточно обоснованы и требуют уточнения. Методы: седиментологический и геохимический анализы карбонатных пород группы Коголло в пределах в карьере Цементос Кататумбо С.А., штат Сулия, Венесуэла, включающие макро- и петрографическое описание пород, биостратиграфический анализ, изучение содержания общего органического углерода в породе, данных гамма-каротажа по разрезу обнажения и в глубоких скважинах. Результаты. Выделено 14 микрофаций, связанных с условиями седиментации в пределах склона карбонатного бассейна. В последовательности переслаивания отложений формации Апон выделяются участки максимальной трансгрессии моря и скрытые стратиграфические несогласия. Аппроксимированная и оценочная корреляция, учитывающая стратиграфию, литофации и данные гамма-каротажа, была проведена в обнажении карьера Цементос Кататумбо С.А. и сопоставлена с разрезами нефтяных скважин X-1, X-15, X-21, X-14 и X-23.
ОПЫТ ИНЖЕНЕРНО-ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАЙОНИРОВАНИЯ ПО НЕСУЩЕЙ СПОСОБНОСТИ ГРУНТОВ ПРОМПЛОЩАДКИ ЭЛЬГИНСКОГО ГОРНО-ОБОГАТИТЕЛЬНОГО КОМБИНАТА В ЯКУТИИ
Authors: (Lyudmila A. Strokova) Строкова Людмила Александровна , (Sofia A. Dmitrieva) Дмитриева София Алексеевна , (Natalia V. Osmushkina) Осьмушкина Наталья Викторовна , (Andrey V. Osmushkin) Осьмушкин Андрей Владимирович
Published: February 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена стремительным ростом геологоразведочной и производственной деятельности в районах вечной мерзлоты в России за последние сорок лет. В статье приведена характеристика грунтов промплощадки Эльгинского горно-обогатительного комбината в Республике Саха (Якутия) по несущей способности. Инженерно-геологическая оценка территории необходима для того, чтобы поддержать процесс принятия решений по размещению сооружений, а также для того, чтобы строительство объектов осуществлялось с меньшим отрицательным воздействием на окружающую среду, сопровождалось снижением опасности и ущерба как для строительства, так и в целом для общества и экономики. Целью данного исследования является описание инженерно-геологических и гидрогеологических условий промплощадки, экзогенных геологических процессов, которые могут быть актуальны для установления пригодности территории к застройке. Объектом исследования является геологическая среда промплощадки горно-обогатительного комбината. Рассмотрены основные природные компоненты, влияющие на планирование и развитие землепользования: литологический состав; геоморфологические и тектонические условия; физико-механические свойства пород, гидрологические и мерзлотно-гидрогеологические условия района. Методы. Данное исследование включает в себя краткий обзор соответствующей литературы; анализ информации, полученной из фондов изыскательской компании, определение признаков и методики районирования. Все информационные слои о природной среде обрабатывались, затем объединялись для получения единой инженерно-геологической карты. Результаты. Разработана карта инженерно-геологического районирования по несущей способности. На карте выделены три категории районов с разной степенью благоприятности грунтов исследуемой территории для строительства объектов, такие как благоприятные, приемлемые и неблагоприятные условия.
ОЦЕНКА ПЛОТНОСТИ ЧАСТИЦ ТВЕРДОЙ ФАЗЫ ПУЛЬПЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫХ КАНАЛОВ НА БАЗЕ ГАММА-ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ И ВОЛН ЛЭМБА
Authors: (Vladimir S. Morkun) Моркун Владимир Станиславович , (Natalia V. Morkun) Моркун Наталья Владимировна , (Vitaliy V. Tron) Тронь Виталий Валериевич , (Svitlana N. Grishchenko) Грищенко Светлана Николаевна , (Dmytry V. Brovko) Бровко Дмитрий Викторович , (Dmitriy I. Paranyuk) Паранюк Дмитрий Игоревич , (Aleksandra Yu. Serdyuk) Сердюк Александра Юрьевна
Published: February 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью повышения точности средств ультразвукового оперативного контроля характеристик твердой фазы железорудной пульпы в процессе обогащения. Данное направление совершенствования средств контроля позволит повысить эффективность управления процессом обогащения и качество конечной продукции. Цель: повышение точности измерений плотности частиц твердой фазы пульпы на основе закономерностей распространения гамма-излучения в случайно неоднородных гетерогенных средах, а также волн Лэмба по поверхностям, контактирующим с этими средами, в процессе их естественного и специально организованного перемещения. Объекты: процессы распространения гамма-излучения в случайно неоднородных гетерогенных средах, а также волн Лэмба по поверхностям, контактирующим с этими средами. Методы: систематизация и анализ разработанных методов ультразвукового контроля характеристик твердой фазы гетерогенных неоднородных сред, методы математической статистики и теории вероятностей для обработки результатов экспериментов, компьютерные информационные и программные технологии для реализации разработанных подходов. Результаты. Выявленные закономерности распространения гамма-излучения в случайно неоднородных гетерогенных средах, а также волн Лэмба по поверхностям, контактирующим с этими средами, в процессе их естественного и специально организованного перемещения позволяют определить плотность частиц твердой фазы, которая при известной их крупности и концентрации в контролируемом объеме характеризует степень раскрытия полезного компонента (минерала). Разработана схема устройства контроля плотности твердой фазы суспензий на основе полученных закономерностей. Погрешность измерений плотности частиц твёрдой фазы пульпы составляет 1–3 %.
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ СОВМЕСТНОЙ КОНВЕРСИИ УГЛЯ И ШЛАМА СТОЧНЫХ ВОД В ОБРАЩЕННОМ СЛОЕВОМ ГАЗОГЕНЕРАТОРЕ
Authors: (Igor G. Donskoy) Донской Игорь Геннадьевич
Published: February 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью утилизации бытовых и промышленных отходов. Утилизация горючих отходов, таких как шламы сточных вод, может быть совмещена с производством энергии для небольших потребителей. Одним из способов такой утилизации может стать газификация, позволяющая получить горючий газ, пригодный для получения тепловой и электрической энергии. Цель: на основании результатов математического моделирования оценить эффективность совместной конверсии шлама с более качественным топливом (бурым углем) при разных условиях проведения процесса (коэффициент избытка окислителя, состав топливной смеси, начальная влажность шлама сточных вод); оценить допустимую долю шлама в смеси с углем. Объект: процесс обращенной слоевой газификации смесей бурого угля и шлама сточных вод. Метод: математическое моделирование процесса слоевой термохимической конверсии твердых топлив с помощью разработанной ранее автором стационарной одномерной модели. Результаты. Построены расчетные зависимости характеристик процесса газификации (химический КПД, состав и калорийность газа) от удельного расхода дутья, отношения уголь/шлам (0–100 %) и начальной влажности шлама (10–40 %). Определены максимальные значения доли шлама в смеси с углем при фиксированном на уровне 60–70 % химическом КПД и максимальные значения химического КПД при фиксированной на уровне 20–30 % доле шлама в смеси с углем (для того чтобы избежать спекания слоя). При влажности шлама 40 % его максимальная доля в смеси с углем может достигать 50 % (при исключении спекания). Влага, содержащаяся в шламе, испаряется и выступает в качестве дополнительного газифицирующего агента. При ограничении доли шлама в смеси с углем на уровне 20–30 % эффективность газификации падает незначительно по сравнению с углем без добавок шлама.
ВЕТРОЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНЫХ РАЙОНОВ РЕСПУБЛИКИ АЛТАЙ
Authors: (Vladimir V. Sevastyanov) Севастьянов Владимир Вениаминович , (Ekaterina S. Sapian) Сапьян Екатерина Сергеевна
Published: February 2019

Актуальность исследования. Среди наиболее острых проблем, волнующих человечество, следует выделить энергетические проблемы. Они влияют непосредственно или опосредованно на человека, общество и окружающую среду. Человеческая деятельность связана с беспрерывным использованием природных энергоресурсов для обеспечения своей жизнедеятельности: теплом и светом в домах, продуктами питания, транспортом, одеждой и т. д. До настоящего времени во многих районах Сибири отсутствует централизованное энергоснабжение. Важной особенностью горных стран является большое рассредоточение потребителей электрической и тепловой энергии, неравномерная нагрузка в течение года и отсутствие централизованных источников энергии. Основным видом энергоисточников в горных районах являются дизельные электростанции. Стоимость получаемой энергии очень велика, особенно в отдалённых районах. Решение энергетической проблемы станет возможным лишь благодаря концепции освоения горных регионов с использованием возобновляемых источников энергии. В работе рассмотрены основные закономерности ветроэнергетического потенциала центральных районов Республики Алтай. Для выбора оптимального режима работы ветроэнергетических установок исходя из мощности электрических нагрузок, а также данных, необходимых для конструирования, расчётов, оценки прочности необходимы дополнительные исследования, в том числе микроклиматические наблюдения за ветровым режимом. Цель: оценить возможный вклад энергии ветра в энергоэффективность и улучшение экологических условий в горных районах Республики Алтай при интенсивном развитии туристско-рекреационной деятельности. Объекты: ветровой режим в нижней тропосфере над югом Сибири; орографические условия и их влияние на ветровой режим; ветроэнергетический потенциал среднегорных районов Республики Алтай. Методы: температурно-ветровое зондирование атмосферы; построение математической модели поля скорости ветра в нижней тропосфере на различных высотных уровнях; оценка и анализ влияния различных форм рельефа на скорость ветра. Результаты. Показано, что в условиях межгорных котловин и широких долин скорости ветра малы для развития ветроэнергетики. Анализ аэроклиматических показателей скорости ветра и данные высокогорных метеорологических станций на вершинах и водоразделах показали, что в условиях открытости горизонта ветроэнергетический потенциал достаточен для эффективной работы ветроэнергетических установок различной мощности. Для водораздельных участков выше 1500 м удельная мощность ветрового потока составляет от 150 до 850 Вт/м2, что позволяет эксплуатировать ветроэнергетические установки малой и средней мощности. За зону большой энергетики могут быть приняты районы с удельной мощностью ветрового потока более 500 Вт/м2. Такая зона может быть выделена в центральной части Горного Алтая, начиная примерно с 2200 м.
El currículo de ciencias naturales en Colombia durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX: permanencias, transformaciones y rupturas
Authors: Torres Martínez Gina Isabel , Guerrero Romero Jarol Esmyt
Published: February 2019

This research examined the particular history of the curriculum of natural sciences in the second half of the twentieth century, in order to identify continuities, transformations and ruptures in it, as well as to discover possible causes and historical scenarios for the observed changes. For this purpose, the paper presents an archaeological history of the natural sciences curriculum in basic secondary education in Colombia. The second half of the twentieth century and the year 2015 were established as time limits (although not fixed ones). Six important discursive regularities were found in the history of the curriculum of natural sciences: hygienization, the concept of development, the use of resources, time management, student assessment, and scientific thinking.
Rasgos afectivos de los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Educación de la Institución Universitaria Cesmag, Pasto, Colombia
Authors: Narváez Burbano Jonnathan Harvey
Published: February 2019

This article presents the results of the research project Learning styles of students at the Faculty of Education of the Institución Universitaria Cesmag, which aimed to characterize the motivational processes and expectations of students according to their learning styles. The methodology is based on qualitative research, using the historical-hermeneutic approach as well as ethnographic method; participant observation and focus groups were conducted, and the collected data was examined using the categorical analysis technique. The study evidenced the importance of affective traits as determinants of socio-cognitive preparation regarding learning objectives and tasks; similarly, it identified motivational factors and student expectations. It was found that although students may have dominant traits in a specific style, this involves affective traits from other styles too.
Fortalecimiento del lenguaje oral en estudiantes de grados quinto y sexto de la Institución Educativa Nuestra Señora de Belén, en Cúcuta, Colombia, a través de la implementación de estrategias metodológicas mediadas por TIC
Authors: Espinel Gladys Yurley , Piragauta Villamizar Íngrid Johanna
Published: February 2019

The main objective of this research project was to strengthen oral language skills in fifth- and sixth-grade students through the implementation of methodological strategies that use information and communication technologies (ICT). It was developed using the actionresearch methodology, which allowed approaching the reality of this school problem. Thus the proposal “La Magia del Lenguaje Oral” [The Magic of Oral Language] emerged, which aimed to enrich and stimulate oral expression in students through resources such as videos, slides, plenaries, and forums, as well as access to social networks, virtual learning objects (VLO), oral participation techniques, and other elements that are already part of their daily life.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONSUMSI MASYAAKAT MISKIN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Machmud Amir , Ahman Eeng
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Factors that influence the consumption pattern of the poor in Islamic perspective have been analyzed in depth in this study. Inventory variables refer to the concept; Al-Ghazali which consists of aql, qalb and nafs. These three variables & nbsp; asymmetrically affect the tendency of consumption patterns. & nbsp; This study uses an explanatory survey method with data collection techniques through questionnaires and interviews. The population of 68 people who are recipients of zakat distributed by the Zakat Agency  Bandung City. The data that has been collected is then analyzed by multiple regression. The results of the study show that consumption patterns & nbsp; poor people in Indonesia (Bandung City, West Java) are influenced by  Aql,  Qalb and Nafs. These three factors  significantly and positively affect  consumption patterns of the poor in the city of Bandung. This finding implies that the consumption of society should be  Simple behavior.  In accordance with Islamic principles, always instill   within that the treasure given by God is merely a deposit, and is not easily influenced by fashion

Abstrak

            Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pola konsumsi masyarakat miskin dalam perpektif islam telah dianalisis secara mendalam dalam kajian ini. Variabel yang diinventarisir mengacu pada konsep   Al-Ghazali yang terdiri dari aql, qalb dan nafs. Ketiga Variabel tersebut secara asimetris mempengaruhi kecenderungan pola konsumsi.  Kajian ini menggunakan metode survey eksplanatory dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner dan wawancara. Populasi sebanyak 68 orang yang merupakan para penerima zakat yang disalurkan oleh Badan Amil Zakat Kota Bandung.  Data yang telah dikumpulkan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan regeresi berganda. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pola konsumsi masyarakat miskin di Indonesia (Kota Bandung Jawa Barat) dipengaruhi oleh Aql, Qalb dan Nafs. Ketiga faktor tersebut secara signifikan dan berpengaruh positif terhadap pola konsumsi masyarakat miskin d Kota Bandung.Temuan ini mmberikan implikasi bahwa dalam berkonsumsi masyarakat hendaknya Berperilaku sederhana yang sesuai dengan prinsip islam, selalu menanamkan dalam diri bahwa sesungguhnya harta yang diberikan oleh Allah hanyalah titipan semata, dan tidak mudah terpengaruh oleh mode
Özel Eğitimde Okul Araştırmaları İçin Alternatif Bir Araştırma Deseni: Denekler Arası Eş Zamanlı Olmayan Çoklu Başlama Düzeyi Deseni
Authors: KURT Mustafa
Published: February 2019

Denekler arası eş zamanlı olmayan
çoklu başlama düzeyi deseni, çoklu başlama düzeyi deseninin bir varyasyonudur.
Bu desen, bir bağımlı değişkenin farklı katılımcılara uygulandığı üç ya da daha
fazla A-B deseni serisinden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, denekler arası
eş zamanlı olmayan başlama düzeyi deseninin özelliklerini, avantajlarını,
sınırlılıklarını ve nasıl uygulanacağını betimlemenin yanı sıra yurt içi alan
yazına dâhil etmektir.
Enabling Pre-service Chemistry Teachers' Development of Technological, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge (TPACK) through Case-Based Lesson Planning
Authors: ÖZDİLEK Zehra , ROBECK Edward C.
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to enable technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) development among pre-service teachers based on case-based lesson planning. A total of 21 pre-service chemistry teachers having a bachelor’s degree participated in the study during their pedagogical certificate program in Turkey. Data were collected using analysis of instructional plans and open-ended questions. Results showed that case-based lesson planning provided a successful context for helping pre-service teachers to develop content knowledge (CK), technological knowledge (TK), pedagogical knowledge (PK), and TPACK knowledge as the basis for designing effective technology-integrated chemistry lessons.
História e memória: uma proposta de criação do Memorial Mestre Vieira
Authors: Caraveo Saulo Christ , Chada Sônia
Published: February 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de criação do Memorial Mestre Vieira, em Barcarena-PA. A proposta se justifica pela representação do movimento das guitarradas no Pará e pela trajetória antropológica de Mestre Vieira, considerado o criador e o maior representante deste gênero musical, reconhecido artista, músico, guitarreiro e compositor da música popular paraense e mestre da cultura popular na região amazônica, no Brasil e no mundo. A pesquisa abrange o período compreendido entre os anos de 1934 e 2018. Foi realizada a revisão da literatura sobre o assunto, entrevista com Dejacir Magno e com Mestre Vieira e visita ao acervo de sua família com o intuito de obter informações e localizar materiais significativos que demarcassem o percurso do mestre. Joaquim de Lima Vieira, a partir de seu percurso artístico, torna-se o emblemático Mestre Vieira, transfigurando sua representatividade diante da cultura local e, desta forma, construindo um grande acervo que demarca sua trajetória fortemente relacionada à identidade da música no estado do Pará e na região amazônica.
Breakdown of the Paracellular Tight and Adherens Junctions in the Gut and Blood Brain Barrier and Damage to the Vascular Barrier in Patients with Deficit Schizophrenia
Authors: Maes Michael , Sirivichayakul Sunee , Kanchanatawan Buranee , Vojdani Aristo
Published: February 2019

Deficit schizophrenia is characterized by leaky tight and adherens junctions and bacterial translocation. Here we examine whether (deficit) schizophrenia is accompanied by leaky paracellular, transcellular and vascular barriers in the gut and blood brain barriers. We measured IgA responses to occludin, claudin-5, E-cadherin and β-catenin (paracellular pathway, PARA), talin, actin, vinculin and epithelial intermediate filament (transcellular pathway, TRANS) and plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein (PLVAP, vascular pathway) in 78 schizophrenia patients and 40 controls. IgA responses to claudin-5, E-cadherin and β-catenin, the sum of the four PARA proteins and the ratio PARA/TRANS were significantly higher in deficit schizophrenia than in non-deficit schizophrenia and controls. A large part of the variance in PHEMN (psychosis, hostility, excitation, mannerism and negative) symptoms, psychomotor retardation, formal thought disorders, verbal fluency, word list memory, word list recall and executive functions was explained by the PARA/TRANS ratio coupled with plasma IgA responses to Gram-negative bacteria, IgM to malondialdehyde, CCL-11 (eotaxin), IgA levels of the ratio of noxious to more protective tryptophan catabolites (NOX/PRO TRYCATs) and a plasma immune activation index. Moreover, IgA levels to Gram-negative bacteria were significantly associated with IgA to E-cadherin, β-catenin and PLVAP, while IgA levels to claudin-5 were significantly predicted by IgA to E-cadherin, NOX/PRO TRYCAT ratio, Gram-negative bacteria and CCL11. The phenomenology of the deficit syndrome is to a large extent explained by the cumulative effects of lowered natural IgM, breakdown of the paracellular and vascular pathways, increased bacterial translocation, peripheral immune-inflammatory responses and indices of BBB breakdown.
Two-Echelon Routing Problem for Parcel Delivery by Cooperated Truck and Drone
Authors: Liu Yao , Shi Jianmai , Wu Guohua , Liu Zhong , Pedrycz Witold
Published: February 2019

A new variant of two-echelon routing problem is investigated, where the truck and the drone are used to cooperatively complete the deliveries of all parcels. The truck not only acts as a tool for parcel delivery, but also serves as a moving depot for the drone. The drone can carry several parcels and take off from the truck, while returning to the truck after completing the delivery. The energy consumption model for the routing process of the drone is analyzed, when it is utilized to deliver multiple parcels. A two-stage route-based modelling approach is proposed to optimize both the truck’s main route and the drone’s adjoint flying routes. A hybrid heuristic integrating nearest neighbor and cost saving strategies is developed to quickly construct a feasible solution. The simulated annealing algorithm is applied to improve the quality of the solution, where a Tabu list is employed to improve the search efficiency. Random instances at different scales are used to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. A case study based on the practical road network in Changsha, China, is presented, through which the sensitivity analysis is conducted with respect to some critical factors.
Activity of Anti-plasmodial and Cytotoxicity of Kapur Leaves (Harmsiopanax aculeatus, Harms) Potential Fraction (FG2, FG3 and FG4) Traditionally Used to Treat Malaria in Maluku Indonesia
Authors: Turalely Rachel , Mustofa Mustofa , Wijayanti Mahardika Agus , Hertiani Triana
Published: February 2019

Harmsiopanax aculeatus, Harms, also known as kapur, have been traditionally used as medicinal plants to treat malaria in Maluku, Indonesia, although scientific evidence of the antimalarial active compounds of this plant has not been studied. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-plasmodial and cytotoxicity activity of the active fraction of H. aculeatus leaves. The fractions tested were FG2, FG3 and FG4 obtained by separation of methanol extract using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) by gradually using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol solvents. Anti-plasmodial activity in vitro was evaluated in Plasmodium falciparum strain FCR3 which is chloroquine resistant using microscopic method. The activity of cytotoxicity against vero cells was evaluated using MTT colorimetric method. The anti-plasmodial activity and cytotoxicity were expressed by IC50, inhibitory concentration of 50% Plasmodium or cells growth after incubation with the fraction tested, which calculated using probit regression analysis with SPSS.  The results showed that the fraction of FG2, FG3 and FG4 had a promising anti-plasmodial activity with IC50 value of 7.48; 8.24 and 7.75 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicity activity of the three fractions on vero cell were 5814.43; 7780.48 and 1022.44 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the selectivity index (IC50 Vero cells/IC50 Plasmodium) of those were 777.33,944.23 and 131.93, respectively indicated that the three fractions were active, non-toxic and selective against P. falciparum. Further study will be conducted to isolate the active compounds of the fraction.
The Effect of pH and Concentration of KNO3 Solution to the Performance of Nd3+ Ion Selective Electrode Using HPMBP Ionophore
Authors: Sosidi Husain , Buchari Buchari , Noviandri Indra
Published: February 2019

The phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone (HPMBP) synthesized and characterized as ionophore in potentiometric analysis of ion selective electrode method (ISE) with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as the supporting phase. The pH and concentration of the ionic strength adjuster (ISA) were varied to know at the optimum pH and concentration of the ion-selective electrode (ESI) KNO3, thus potential Nd3+ gives the best performance. Before use the PTFE membrane was immersed in a chloroform-HPMBP solution of 1.5-2.0% w/v for 24 h. The pH variation of the buffer solution was adjusted to the pH range of 2-10 using HCl and NaOH solutions, whereas the concentration of KNO3 varies from 10-1 to 10-3 M. The concentration range of Nd3+ is between 10-2 and 10-7 M. The electrode potential measurement results (ENd) obtained the best performance value at pH 4 with KNO3 concentration of 10-2 M, sensitivity (S) 18.39 ± 1.2 mV/decade and response time less than 23 s.
Estimation of Air Pollutant Emissions in Eastern Indonesia from Non-Oil and Gas Sources (Case Study in Sulawesi and Papua)
Authors: Gusnita Dessy , Fatria Dita
Published: February 2019

Estimation of air pollutant emissions from non-oil and gas sources in eastern Indonesia, namely Sulawesi and Papua provinces during the period 2014 – 2016 was conducted. This paper intended to estimate the emission of three air pollutants namely NOx, SO2 and CO2. The aim was to find out the amount of pollutant and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the Sulawesi and Papua regions. The method used was the emission estimation method based on statistical data of Gross Regional Domestic Income (GRDP) in the Papua and Sulawesi regions. The results from estimation of pollutant emissions was then carried out for pollutant emissions mapping. The pollutant emission estimation showed the emission of air pollutants in Sulawesi region was higher than Papua. The mapping of emissions in Sulawesi were consisted of four provinces, namely north, central, south and southeast Sulawesi. The Papua region were consisted of Papua and west Papua provinces. The highest emission in Sulawesi region was south Sulawesi. The CO2 emission in Sulawesi was increase about 23% with the detail value; 84.4 tons in 2014; 94.3 tons in 2015; and 103.7 tons in 2016. The emission of NOx during 2014 until 2016 are 0.53, 0.58 and 0.64 tons, there was an increasing in the emission of NOx around 21%. In addition, SO2 emission of south Sulawesi are 0.42 tons in 2014, 0.47 tons in 2015 and 0.51 tons in 2016, increased about 21 % during the year 2014 - 2016. In the Papua region, the emission in Papua was higher than Papua Barat province. CO2 emissions in Papua during 2014 -2016 were 112, 124.8 and 144.99 tons, it means the CO2 was increased 29%. The emission of NOx during 2014-2016 were 0.70, 0.77 and 0.89 tons, increased around 27%. In addition, SO2 emission was increase 26% with the detail value; 0.56 tons in 2014; 0.61 tons in 2015 and 0.71 tons in 2016.

 