bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drain type after burr-hole drainage of chronic subdural hematoma in geriatric patients: a subanalysis of the cSDH-Drain randomized controlled trial
Authors: Greuter Ladina , Lutz Katharina , Fandino Javier , Mariani Luigi , Guzman Raphael , Soleman Jehuda
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) occurs more frequently in elderly patients, while older patient age is associated with worse postoperative outcome following burr-hole drainage (BHD) of cSDH. The cSDH-Drain trial showed comparable recurrence rates after BHD and placement of either a subperiosteal drain (SPD) or subdural drain (SDD). Additionally, an SPD showed a significantly lower rate of infections as well as iatrogenic parenchymal injuries through drain misplacement. This post hoc analysis aims to compare recurrence rates and clinical outcomes following BHD of cSDH and the placement of SPDs or SDDs in elderly patients.

METHODS

The study included 104 patients (47.3%) 80 years of age and older from the 220 patients recruited in the preceding cSDH-Drain trial. SPDs and SDDs were compared with regard to recurrence rate, morbidity, mortality, and clinical outcome. A post hoc analysis using logistic regression, comparing the outcome measurements for patients < 80 and ≥ 80 years old in a univariate analysis and stratified for drain type, was further completed.

RESULTS

Patients ≥ 80 years of age treated with an SDD showed higher recurrence rates (12.8%) compared with those treated with an SPD (8.2%), without a significant difference (p = 0.46). Significantly higher drain misplacement rates were observed for patients older than 80 years and treated with an SDD compared with an SPD (0% vs 20%, p = 0.01). Comparing patients older than 80 years to younger patients, significantly higher overall mortality (15.4% vs 5.2%, p = 0.012), 30-day mortality (3.8% vs 0%, p = 0.033), and surgical mortality (2.9% vs 1.7%, p = 0.034) rates were observed. Clinical outcome at the 12-month follow-up was significantly worse for patients ≥ 80 years old, and logistic regression showed a significant association of age with outcome, while drain type had no association with outcome.

CONCLUSIONS

The initial findings of the cSDH-Drain trial and the findings of this subanalysis suggest that SPD may be warranted in elderly patients. As opposed to drain type, patient age (> 80 years) was significantly associated with worse outcome, as well as higher morbidity and mortality rates.
Blunt cerebrovascular injury in the geriatric population
Authors: Le Diana T. , Barhorst Kinsey A. , Castiglione James , Yang George L. , Shah Sanjit J. , Harlan Sarah S. , Keegan Shaun P. , Jandarov Roman A. , Ngwenya Laura B. , Prestigiacomo Charles J.
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) is associated with high rates of neurological morbidity and mortality. The detection and management of BCVI has improved with advances in imaging and sensitive screening protocols. Few studies have explored how these injuries specifically affect the geriatric population. The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to investigate the presentation and prognosis of BCVI in the elderly population and to assess its clinical implications in the management of these patients.

METHODS

All patients presenting to the University of Cincinnati (UC) level I trauma center between February 2017 and December 2019 were screened for BCVI and entered into the prospectively maintained UC Neurotrauma Registry. Patients with BCVI confirmed by CT angiography underwent retrospective chart reviews to collect information regarding demographics, positive screening criteria, cause of injury, antithrombotic agent, injury location, Denver Grading Scale, hospital and ICU length of stay, and discharge disposition. Patients were divided into geriatric (age ≥ 65 years) and adult (age < 65 years) subgroups. Continuous variables were analyzed using the Student t-test and categorical variables with the Pearson chi-square test.

RESULTS

Of 124 patients with BCVI, stratification by age yielded 23 geriatric and 101 adult patients. Injury in the geriatric group was associated with significantly higher mortality (p = 0.0194). The most common cause of injury in the elderly was falls (74%, 17/23; p < 0.0001), whereas motor vehicle accidents were most common in the adult group (38%, 38/100; p = 0.0642). With respect to the location of injury, carotid (p = 0.1171) and vertebral artery (p = 0.6981) injuries did not differ significantly for the geriatric group. The adult population presented more often with Denver grade I injuries (p < 0.0001), whereas the geriatric population presented with grade IV injuries (p = 0.0247). Elderly patients were more likely to be discharged to skilled nursing facilities (p = 0.0403) and adults to home or self-care (p = 0.0148).

CONCLUSIONS

This study is the first to characterize BCVI to all cervical and intracranial vessels in the geriatric population. Older age at presentation is significantly associated with greater severity, morbidity, and mortality from injury, with no preference for the particular artery injured. These findings carry important clinical implications for adapting practice in an aging population.
Neuromodulation of the lingual nerve: a novel technique
Authors: Zhao Kevin , Talbot Christopher E. , Mammis Antonios , Paskhover Boris
Published: October 2020

The lingual nerve is a branch of the posterior trunk of the mandibular nerve. It provides sensation and taste to the ipsilateral anterior two-thirds of the tongue. Posttraumatic neuropathy of the lingual nerve can be chronic and debilitating long after the inciting trauma. In this operative video, the authors describe a novel technique for the treatment of lingual nerve neuropathy with neuromodulation. They present a case of a 69-year-old female with posttraumatic lingual nerve neuropathy after left molar extraction. The patient reported 95% symptom improvement after the procedure. This video demonstrates the feasibility of lingual nerve neuromodulation.

The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/l-CKP8-8eqk
Surgical treatment of spasticity: intrathecal baclofen pump implantation under subarachnoid block
Authors: Scerrati Alba , De Bonis Pasquale , Norri Nicolò , Cavallo Michele Alessandro
Published: October 2020

Most patients with spasticity, rigidity, and other symptoms of the upper motor neuron syndrome respond effectively to surgical treatment with an intrathecal baclofen pump when their symptoms become intractable to nonsurgical measures. Baclofen administered into the lumbar subarachnoid space produces a locally high concentration at the spinal level and a low concentration supraspinally, avoiding most of the central side effects associated with a high oral dose, such as drowsiness and confusion.

The aim of surgical treatment is to provide the appropriate volume and concentration of the drug in the subarachnoid space, avoiding the main surgical complications, that is, infections, skin erosion, and catheter displacement.

The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/HetelPwwwak
Teflon bridge technique for endoscopic-assisted microvascular decompression of ectatic basilar artery and anterior inferior cerebellar artery for trigeminal neuralgia: operative video and technical nuances
Authors: Liu James K. , Shafiq Asif
Published: October 2020

In this illustrative operative video, the authors demonstrate a Teflon bridge technique to achieve safe transposition of a large, tortuous ectatic basilar artery (BA) and anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) complex to decompress the root entry zone (REZ) of the trigeminal nerve in a 61-year-old woman with refractory trigeminal neuralgia via an endoscopic-assisted retractorless microvascular decompression. Postoperatively, the patient experienced immediate facial pain relief without requiring further medications. The Teflon bridge technique can be a safe alternative to sling techniques when working in narrow surgical corridors between delicate nerves and vessels. The operative technique and surgical nuances are demonstrated.

The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/hIHX7EvZc1c
Microsurgical DREZ lesions for the control of cancer-related pain
Authors: Mazzucchi Edoardo , Brinzeu Andrei , Mertens Patrick , Sindou Marc
Published: October 2020

Pain in patients with cancer is a major problem, and sometimes it is necessary to surgically interrupt pain pathways to effectively control refractory pain. Surgical lesion of the dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) was first performed in 1972 for the treatment of pain related to a Pancoast-Tobias tumor. The rationale of DREZotomy is to preferentially interrupt the nociceptive inputs in the lateral part of the DREZ and the ventrolateral (excitatory) part of the dorsal horn. Microsurgical DREZotomy is one technique for DREZ lesioning that is suited for tailored control of pain in patients in good general condition who are experiencing pain in a well-defined territory.

The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/JtLQDP7gYSQ
Permainan Warna Anak Usia Dini Melalui Kreativitas Cotten Swabs Painting teknik Pointilis
Authors: Hedi Wibowo Devi Vionitta , Suyadi
Published: October 2020

Pandemi covid 19 yang melanda dunia menjadi pokok permasalahan timbulnya pembelajaran daring yang diadakan didalam rumah. Dalam situasi ini anak-anak dapat merasakan kejenuhan dikarenakan faktor pembelajaran yang kurang kreatif dalam pengimplementasiannya. Kegiatan kreativitas seni warna anak usia dini ini dapat menjadi solusinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah agar dapat mengembangkan aspek kreativitas anak usia dini di era pandemi covid 19 ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskripstif yang menganalisis persistiwa dari suatu tindakan yang dilakukan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam pengimplementasian kreativitas seni warna ini dapat berupa anak usia 3-5 tahun yang berada disekitar kompleks perumahan Sumber Mukti Indah Rembang.  Adapun orangtua anak dapat dijadikan acuan dalam proses kegiatan kreativitas seni warna. Hasil penelitian yang didapat adalah adanya antusias anak dalam melakukan aktivitas kreativitas seni warna dengan menggunakan cat air. Anak merasa senang dan dapat menghasilkan hasil karya yang estetik. Adapun kegiatan yang diterapkan yaitu melukis menggunakan cotten bad, fingger painting, serta bercerita dengan menggunakan hasil karya masing-masing. Tujuan dari adanya kegiatan ini adalah agar dapat menumbuhkan jiwa kreativitas seni anak, emosional, bahasa, dan motorik anak.

 

 

Abstract

 The Covid 19 that has hit the world has become the main problem of the emergence of online learning held at home. In this situation children can feel boredom due to less creative learning factors in its implementation. This early childhood color art creativity activity can be a solution. The purpose of this research is to develop the creative aspects of early childhood in the era of the Covid 19 pandemic. The method used is descriptive qualitative research that analyzes the events of an action taken. The sample used in the implementation of color art creativity can be in the form of 3-5 year old children around the Sumber Mukti Indah Rembang housing complex. The child's parents can be used as a reference in the process of color art creativity activities. The results obtained were the children's enthusiasm in doing color art creativity activities using watercolors. Children feel happy and can produce aesthetic works. The activities implemented were painting using cotten bad, fingger painting, and telling stories using their respective works. The purpose of this activity is to foster children's artistic creativity, emotional, language and motor skills.
Developing Anchor-Tag Communication Protocol for Positioning System Based on Time of Flight Measurement
Authors: Tarlykov A.
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the problem of designing a protocol for the interaction of movable tags and stationary readers based on measuring the spreading time of a radio signal. The issue of reducing the number of transmitted messages is analyzed. Common description of the proposed protocol, the messages and main interaction scenarios structure are provided.
Application of Machine Training to Search Vulnerabilities in the Software Code
Authors: Buinevich M. , Zhukovskaya P. , Izrailov K. , Pokussov V.
Published: October 2020

The article considers the possibility of using artificial intelligence in the field of information
security. For this, the following domain contradiction was highlighted: sharpening of detection algorithms for specific vulnerabilities in VS code, constant modification of the vulnerability code. To resolve the contradiction, an object is considered – software with vulnerabilities in the process of its development, for the subject – ways of intellectual analysis of its characteristics. A hypothetical solution is proposed through the use of Machine Learning Technology to identify vulnerabilities in software, using a huge amount of accumulated knowledge. Also, possible signs of software representations used for the operation of the Technology are given.
Correlations between Serum Interleukins-2,-4 Levels and Some Biochemical Parameters in Iraqi Patients with Osteoporosis
Authors: Ahmed Hind Sh.
Published: October 2020

Background: Osteoporosis is a frequent disease that is manifested by reduced in mineral density and raised in fracture risk. Recent studies have indicated that osteoporosis is caused by composite connections among local and systemic regulators of bone cell function.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between interleukin-2, interleukin-4, and some biochemical markers in Iraqi patients with osteoporosis.Patients and Methods: Forty five osteoporotic patients were incorporated in this study (30 women and 15 men). Serum fasting glucose, lipid profile, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium, magnesium, interleukin-2, and interleukin-4 were measured in osteoporotic patients and compared them with the control group.Results: There was a significant increase in serum fasting glucose, lipid profile except high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum alkaline phosphatase activity in osteoporotic patients as compared to the control, (P=0.001). Also, there was a significant increase in interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 in osteoporotic patients as compared to the control, (P= 0.01). While there was a decrease in serum calcium and magnesium levels in osteoporotic patients as compared to the control. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between serum alkaline phosphatase activity with interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 levels in osteoporotic patients, (P= 0.01).Conclusion: Elevated levels of interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 along with some biochemical markers like; serum alkaline phosphatase in osteoporotic patients might include significant functions in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.
Association of TNF-α 308 polymorphism with diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Hachim Sadeq K.
Published: October 2020

Back ground: The association between tumors necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-á)308 polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains controversial .The variation in ethnicity and life style play important role in these conflicting results.Objective: To investigate association of TNF-á 308 polymorphism with T2DM,TNF level and body mass index in these patients.Patients and methods: The current case control study included fifty patients with T2DM in addition to twenty five healthy controls. The fasting blood sugar (FBS)and fasting blood (cholesterol, triglyceride) were done by colorimetric methods .The body mass index (BMI) was calculated for each patients and healthy controls. The level TNF-á in serum was measured by ELISA method(Ray biotechnology/ USA, 46078). The TNF-á 308 polymorphism was done by restriction enzyme digestion after polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Result: The age range for T2DM patients was (43.54±4.590) year while for control was (45.04±4.394) year. The T2DM patients whom carry AA alleles for TNF-á 308 polymorphism showed highly significant association with study parameter F.B.S, BMI, cholesterol, triglyceride and TNF-á level with (P.0.01).The T2DM patients with normal allele GG genotyping and GA genotyping of TNF-á 308 polymorphism also showed highly significant association with study parameter F.B.S,BMI,Cholesterol,Triglyecride and TNF- á with (P.0.01). The TNF- á level in serum of T2DM patients showed highly significant association with F.B.S, cholesterol and triglyceride with (P P.0.01), however the TNF- á level was nonsignificant with BMI in T2DM patients.Conclusion: In the present study TNF-á 308 polymorphism allele (AA, GA) showed a statistically significant association with TNF-á level in serum of T2DM patients and BMI. The AA and GA alleles showed a statistically significant association with high fasting glucose level. The TNF- á level didn't show a statistically significant association with BMI.
Importance of two-dimensional strain imaging in diagnosis of coronary artery disease
Authors: Hussein Ahmed M. , Alzaidi Mahdi S. , Abed Bashar M.
Published: October 2020

Background: Strain imaging assessing regional myocardial deformation and can be used to quantify regional myocardial function and differentiate between ischemic and non ischemic myocardium.
Objectives: to assess sensitivity and specificity of strain imaging in detection of coronary artery disease in comparison with coronary angiography.Patients and Methods: ninety six patients were referred to Ibn albitar center for cardiac surgery, Baghdad, Iraq with symptoms of coronary artery disease for a period between June 2014 and April 2015, all of whom were evaluated by two dimensional echocardiography and all were found to have good left ventricular systolic function with no regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA), coronary angiography were done for all patients.
Results: of the 96 patients: 69(71.9%) were males and 27(28.1%) females, with mean age 55.7 ± 9.71 years. Thirty-one (32.3%) patients have no significant coronary artery disease and sixty-five (67.7%) have significant coronary artery disease. The sensitivity and specificity of global longitudinal strain in detection of coronary artery disease are 67.7% and 80.6% respectively. Global longitudinal strain appears to be useful in localization of coronary artery disease.
Conclusions: speckle tracking Strain echocardiography is simple, noninvasive and non-angle dependent with acceptable sensitivity and specificity in early detection of cardiomyopathy including ischemic myopathy.
Study of hypocalcemia and its risk factors in post thyroidectomy in Al-Karama Teaching Hospital
Authors: Surriah Mohammed H. , Hassan Ahmed N. , Bakkour Amine M.
Published: October 2020

Background: Hypocalcemia is a well-recognized complication of thyroid surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of hypocalcemia after thyroid surgery and find out the risk factors involved regarding the patient’s age, gender, muscular build, clinical diagnosis, extent of surgery, ligation of the inferior thyroid artery, and pathology report.
Patients and Methods: This case series study was carried out on 50 patients who have undergone thyroid surgery for various thyroid diseases at the surgical department of Al-Karama Teaching Hospital for the period between January 2016 and July 2017. Serial serum calcium measurements were recorded as well as details of the operation, patient’s age and gender, whether or not inferior thyroid artery was ligated, and the pathological report. Hypocalcemia was considered transient if it resolved within 6 months and permanent if it persisted after 6 months and the patient was maintained on supplementation therapy of calcium and vitamin D.
Results: The study found that the incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia was 30% and in the majority of the cases (24%) was transient, while it was permanent in only (6%) of the cases; and had occurred mainly after total thyroidectomy and in cases with ligation of the inferior thyroid artery.
Conclusions: It was concluded that post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is a relatively common complication but it is transient in the majority of the patients. Its incidence is related to the extent of the surgery and can be reduced by the good preparation of the patient preoperatively.
Level of follicular fluid vitamin D and embryo quality in a sample of Iraqi women undergoing IVF
Authors: Alawad Zainab M.
Published: October 2020

Background: Vitamin D has been linked to fertility since its receptors were found in reproductive organs. Nevertheless, its exact role in fertility is yet to be cleared.
Objectives: To analyze follicular fluid (FF) vitamin D in females doing Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), to compare its level between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and non-PCOS females, and to explore whether vitamin D correlates with oocytes number, percentage of oocyte maturity, fertilization rate and percentage of high quality embryos.
Patients and methods: This comparative observational study was done, from January to October 2018, at Al Amal IVF Center, Jenin hospital, Baghdad. The study was conducted on 40 women; 18 had PCOS, 15 had blocked fallopian tubes and 7 had idiopathic infertility. FF vitamin D was analyzed by Ichroma kit, Boditech. Deficient, insufficient, and sufficient vitamin D levels were as: <10, 10-29, and 30-100 ng/ml, respectively.
Results: Most participants were deficient (12 women) or insufficient (18 women) of vitamin D, only 10 women had adequate vitamin D levels. FF vitamin D was higher in non-PCOS than PCOS women (P= 0.011). The correlation between vitamin D and oocytes number was not significant. However, it was significant with percentage of oocyte maturity (rho= 0.459, P= 0.003), fertilization rate (rho= 0.471, P= 0.002) and percentage of high quality embryos (rho= 0.316, P= 0.047).
Conclusions: PCOS patients, when compared to non-PCOS, have lower vitamin D levels. FF vitamin D might correlate with percentage of oocyte maturity, fertilization rate and percentage of high quality embryos in patients undergoing ICSI.
Role of Two- Dimensional Speckle Tracking Strain versus Conventional Echocardiography in the Assessments of Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Middle-aged Hypertensive Patients.
Authors: Aldoori Mahasen , Mohammed Najeeb H. , Haj Ghazi F.
Published: October 2020

Background: Global longitudinal strain (GLS) echocardiography is a new technique that can be used to  detect an early left ventricular dysfunction in various heart diseases . Systemic hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular accidents. The early management of its complication on the heart plays  an
important role in the outcome of the disease. Hypertension is associated with changes in several aspects
of left ventricular structure, function, and systolic strains. Various echocardiographic techniques are used to evaluate left ventricular function in hypertensive patients.
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of speckle tracking global left ventricular strain percentage  (GLVS%) in the assessments of left ventricular systolic function in comparison to conventional  echocardiography in middle -aged hypertensive patients.
Patients and Methods:  The study was conducted from December 2017 till November 2018 at the  Department of Echocardiography and Catheterization / Baghdad Teaching Hospital – Medical C ity,Baghdad, Iraq. One hundred and four hypertensive patients classified as ; group I that involved patients with reversed E/A ratio on PW Doppler with reversed Pulsed Wave ( PW) tissue Doppler study and group II with patients
having normal E/A ratio on PW Doppler and reversed Eprime/A prime on PW tissue Doppler study . The control (group III) recruited from the relative of the patients included 104 sex and age -matched healthy individuals . A detailed history with the recommended investigations and blood pressure measurements
was performed for all participants. Additionally, echocardiography examination was implemented using  standard methods, considering eftventricle (LV) internal dimension, LVejection fraction percentage (LV EF%)
, LV diastolic function using PW Doppler and lateral mitralannular tissue Doppler Sprime,Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) and global LVspeckle tracking strain percentage (GLVS%).
Results: Group I included 76 patients with a mean age of (48 ± 6.6 years) and group II included 28 patients with a mean age of (48 ± 6.6 years). A ll the participants had normal EF% (> 60%), MAPSE (>13 mm),  and S prime (> 9 cm /sec) while there were a significantly decreased GLVS% in the diseased groups  in  comparison to the control one (P < 0.005) being less in group II (-14 ± 1 %) than in Group I (- 16 ± 1 %) . In  addition to a significant negative linear correlation between GL V S% with that of pulse pressure and IVST respectively ( p=0.04) and with that of E/A ratio and E/E prime ratio (p=0.001).
Conclusions: GLVS% is a better method in the assessment of LV systolic function in inmiddle- aged
hypertensive patients than conventional echo methods since it could detect an early impairment in LV
systolic function despite preserved LV systolic function measured by the conventional echo methods
Assessment of knowledge, behavior and attitude toward using antibiotics among non-medical students of University of Fallujah- Iraq.
Authors: Al Shawi Ameel
Published: October 2020

Background: Antibiotics are medicines used to  treat bacterial infections, Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in response to the use of these medicines. The world urgently needs to change the way that it prescribes and uses antibiotics.
Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, behavior toward antibiotic among  non- medical students  in University of Fallujah.
Method: A cross sectional study was done during the period from January to March 2019.  Self-administered questionnaire was used that  comprised 25 questions divided into four parts. The first part including demographic questions. Second part designed to assess the knowledge of respondents   . Third part for assessment of attitude of respondents,  . While Fourth to evaluate the behavior toward using antibiotics. The study subjects was non-medical students of University of Fallujah.
Results:Females represent 54.8 % of the sample ,  ages of subjects was between 19 year to 24 year. About two thirds 64.1 % believed that antibiotics work on most coughs and colds. 61.3 % of the participants stated  “I will take antibiotic without prescription by doctor”, while 55.6 % of respondents prefer taking antibiotics with tea, only 39.1 % said that took antibiotics with water.
Conclusion:poor knowledge among the students towards antibiotic usage. Health education programs might be needed among universitystudents to improve the general knowledgeand attitudes towards antibiotic
HABITAT SELECTION BY EXOTIC DAMA GAZELLES (NANGER DAMA RUFICOLLIS) IN TEXAS
Authors: Mungall Elizabeth Cary , Cooper Susan M.
Published: October 2020

Habitat selection information is important for both breeding on Texas ranches and repatriation in Africa. This is especially true for the critically endangered dama gazelle (Nanger dama). Exotic dama gazelles of the eastern subspecies (N. dama ruficollis) wearing GPS-radio collars were tracked for one year on two Texas ranches. Three adult and two subadult males were collared from a large (8,996 ha) pasture in west Texas. Next, collars went on all males plus all females released into a 202 ha Edwards Plateau pasture (seven adult females, one maturing male, and one to three adult males). On both sites, the gazelles favored the less steep terrain of the Ector soil series. Adult male core areas averaged 440 ha in west Texas (vegetation sparse) and 57 ha on the Edwards Plateau (dense food stands). These relationships allowed for estimation of the number of adult males that could be stocked in the larger pasture while still allowing room for the males to spread out. No special affinity for water sources was found, although dama gazelles do drink during hot weather when water is available. There was no consistent seasonal distributional change noted. On both Texas sites, the gazelles survive on natural browse. Where there are feeders, competition from larger animals kept gazelles out. For breeding or restoring populations, flat-to-gently rolling terrain with ample browse is best. Shade and water are important, and any supplemental feed requires access. There also needs to be enough favored habitat to accommodate the adult males without dangerous conflict.
Berufsbildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung in den Berufen des Lebensmittelhandwerks und der Lebensmittelindustrie
Authors: Fernández Caruncho Verónica , Melzig Christian
Published: October 2020

Der Beitrag beschreibt ein Grundverständnis zur Berufsbildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BBNE) und skizziert Ziele und Ansätze der vom Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung aus Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung geförderten Modellversuche zur Berufsbildung für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung. Der Fokus liegt auf den Modellversuchen zur nachhaltigen Kompetenzentwicklung in Lebensmittelhandwerk und -industrie. Hierzu werden erste Erkenntnisse sowie eine betriebliche Sicht in der Ernährungsbranche diskutiert.
Curriculare Verankerung einer Berufsbildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung in Berufen des Lebensmittelhandwerks und der Lebensmittelindustrie
Authors: Strotmann Christina , Telieps Johanna , Kuhlmeier Werner , Kastrup Julia , Hemkes Barbara
Published: October 2020

Die Integration der Berufsbildung für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung (BBNE) in die Ordnungsmittel von Ausbildungsberufen trägt zu einer curricularen Verankerung von Nachhaltigkeit bei. Durch die systematische Identifizierung nachhaltigkeitsrelevanter Kompetenzen lassen sich Fertigkeiten, Kenntnisse und Fähigkeiten zur Berücksichtigung in Neuordnungsprozessen ableiten. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt am Beispiel des Ausbildungsberufs Brauer/Brauerin und Mälzer/Mälzerin einen Vorschlag dar, wie bei der Identifizierung dieser Kompetenzen vorgegangen werden kann.
Analysis of the inheritance of pericarp color and other characters in the rice hybrid Kuboyar × Gagat
Authors: Kostylev Pavel , Krasnova E. , Aksenov A. , Balyukova E.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Rice can form not only white, but also red, brown and black grains. In black rice, pericarp grains contain anthocyanins, which have antioxidant activity and are beneficial to human health. The purpose of the work is to study the inheritance of the black color of the pericarp and other qualitative traits in the intersubspecific hybrid of rice Kuboyar × Gagat, the selection of the best recombinant forms combining early ripeness, a compact erect panicle and black grain, the creation of the source material for practical selection. Methods The studies were carried out on hybrids of the first and second generation from crossing a white-grain variety of rice Kuboyar with black-grained Gagat in 2018–2019 in the Separate Division “Proletarskoye” of the Rostov Region. Results. A genetic analysis of the inheritance of the duration of the growing season, qualitative signs of coloring of flower scales and rice grains, and spinousness was carried out. In the second generation, 54 photosensitive non-flowering plants and 128 normal ones broke out, which indicates the interaction of four dominant genes in the genotype. The splitting according to the color of the pericarp was carried out according to the trihybrid scheme according to the type of com-plementarity in the ratio of 27 black: 21 brown: 16 white. The black color of the pericarp was formed when three dominant genes Kala1, 3, and 4 were present in the genotype, brown was determined by the Kala4 gene, and white by the remaining combinations of genes. According to the color of flowering scales, the cleavage occurred according to the digrid pattern: 9 black: 3 yellow with black apiculus: 4 straw yellow. Although the parental varieties were boneless, 39 spinous forms appeared in F2 with three complementary dominant genes An-a, An-b, An-c and inhibitor I, the remaining 89 plants were boneless. The best recombinant forms were selected, combining the optimal values of plants and panicles and black grain, the source material for practical selection was created.
Bed fishing for Florida Bass
Authors: Hargrove John S. , Austin James Douglas
Published: October 2020

Florida bass, Micropterus floridanus, is the most popular freshwater sport fish in the state of Florida. Florida bass guard their nests for up to 2 weeks, and many anglers target the prized sport fish during this period using a procedure called bed fishing. This 7-page fact sheet written by John S. Hargrove and James D. Austin and published by the UF/IFAS School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, outlines the reproductive biology of Florida bass, the known consequences of bed fishing, and practices to minimize its impacts. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fa204
Florida Crop/Pest Profile: Sugarcane
Authors: Rott Philippe Charles , Odero Dennis Calvin , Beuzelin Julien , Raid Richard N. , VanWeelden Matthew , Swanson Stuart , Mossler Mark
Published: October 2020

Sugarcane (Saccharum interspecific hybrids) is the main source of sugar in the world. It is grown in more than 90 countries in tropical and subtropical regions. Cultivation techniques and production challenges vary by location (Rott 2017; Rott 2018). This 19-page document discusses characteristics of the sugarcane crop and pests affecting its production in Florida, which is the largest producer of sugarcane in the United States. Written by P. Rott, D. C. Odero, J. M. Beuzelin, R. N. Raid, M. VanWeelden, S. Swanson, and M. Mossler, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2018. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pi207
Best Practices for Scalloping: From the Boat to Your Plate
Authors: Hall-Scharf Brittany , Ellis Sarah , Barry Savanna C.
Published: October 2020

Recreational scalloping in Florida is a popular group activity for many residents and visitors throughout the summer months. Currently, the state allows the recreational harvest of scallops in several Florida Gulf Coast counties (http://myfwc.com/fishing/saltwater/recreational/bay-scallops/). However, people travel from all over Florida and other states to participate in the fun summertime fare (Hall-Scharf et al., 2018) and may not be familiar with the waters in which they are venturing. In addition, the warm summer water can increase the risk of food borne illnesses for those consuming scallops if not cleaned and stored properly. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the legal requirements for boating and scalloping, have a safety plan to minimize and/or prevent accidents while out on the water, and practice proper shucking recommendations to ensure food safety.
Potensi Pengembangan Setigi sebagai Destinasi Wisata
Authors: Asmoro Agung Yoga , Aziz Muhyiddin
Published: October 2020

The new normal phase has already begun. The tourism sector is slowly starting to operate. Setigi (Selo Tirto Giri) is a new tourist destination in the Gresik Regency region that gets priority from the local government to operate. As a new tourist destination, Setigi should have the right development guide. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach for 1 (one) month, where we focused on aspects of qualitative data that refer to the criteria and indicators of tourism destination development. We collect data by field observations, in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, supported by quantitative non-reactive data. The analysis was carried out by the IFAS/EFAS analysis phase, followed by the SWOT/TOWS Matrix analysis technique. This research reveals that, in general, the management of Setigi is in harmony with the principles of the development of tourist destinations and tourist attractions. The manager has also strived to implement the Sapta Pesona criteria into the management of Setigi. However, there are some notes to improve Setigi's performance towards better tourism destinations.
The seasonal change of zooplankton communities in ecological black tiger shrimp ponds at Tam Giang commune, Nam Can district, Ca Mau province
Authors: Tran Ngoc Diem My
Published: October 2020

Zooplankton is a secondary consumer in the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. They are closely related to the nutrient content and play a vital role in the nursing of many aquatic species, particularly in the larval stage including black tiger shrimp. Therefore, an expedition study has been conducted to investigate the seasonal changes in the zooplankton community at several ecological black tiger shrimp ponds in Ca Mau mangroves, considering the potential for use as an additional natural food source in shrimp pond. Samples were collected in 8 shrimp ponds in two times of the year (July and November). The results were recorded 24 species belonging to 20 genera, 12 families, 3 phylla and 3 kinds of larval zooplankton. The results were recorded 6 groups of zooplankton in ponds in July, but in November the Rotatoria group did not appear in any ponds. Zooplankton densities varied from 16592 to 53330 individuals / m3. In particular, the Copepoda order occupied more than 50% of the total species and density. There is a negative correlation between individual density and NO2 concentration or salinity. The zooplankton community associated with the ponds can be used as the livefood for suitanable aquaculture. Utilization of these resources is very economical for aquaculture due to the low cost to compare with that of the artifical food. However, the diversity of the zooplankton community in ponds is not high. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of species in the water bodies by creating a suitable environment for some groups such as Rotatoria, Cladocera to grow out in these ponds.
Golden Week - Documentary and awareness
Authors: Giac Nguyen Van
Published: October 2020

Right at the time of national financial difficulties, the Provisional Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam launched the Golden Week in the framework of the Independence Fund, exhorting the entire people to raise money and wealth to help the country. Golden Week became one of the events that started Vietnam's modern history with feats and meanings that surpass the time. This article reproduces the progress and results of the event based on contemporary media sources, especially the Cuu Quoc newspaper, the Government's daily mouthpiece and propaganda agency. The concrete facts have contributed to restoring the face and stature of the event, correcting perceptions that contain many erroneous information that has been defaults before, through some scientific manipulations of quantification, statistics, matching, etc. The results of the study showed that Golden Week was conducted in two spaces associated with two diffirent time periods, including Hanoi capital from September 16, 1945 to September 30, 1945 and the whole country from September 16, 1945 to January 9, 1946; the activities of Golden Week in Hanoi capital are actually organized in seven different locations, of which there was Bac Bo palace, which gathered dozens of capitalists and landlords with the value of donations up to half of the total value of 7 million Indochina of Golden Week, demonstrating the leading role in the financial support of the rich and patriotic classes at the beginning of the consolidation of national independence.
Higher education – the factor of soft power in U.S. foreign policy from the post-cold war to 2016
Authors: Thao Nguyen Thi Huyen
Published: October 2020

Soft power is a concept that was created by Joseph Nye in the 1990s. After the soft power theory was supplemented many times, up to now, it has been considered a theory interesting to many researchers. In 2005, he pointed out that higher education played an important role and was a factor of soft power in U.S. foreign policy. The United States (U.S) is a country that has flexible, adjustable and appropriated changes in foreign policy. The cultural and educational values in history have created the soft power and own mark of U.S , especially in the period of the Cold War (1947- 1991). At that time, higher education contributed to the training and changing of the mind of many students going to the Soviet Union. After the Cold War ended, the U.S. remained the nation's top-rank comprehensive national power in the World. This national power gave the U.S. favorable conditions to enforce and implement strategies globally. In this way, the soft power was never left behind in the U.S foreign policy, especially in higher education. So, how did the U.S. maintain this policy in the foreign policy and what outcomes did it bring to the U.S.? This article presents the higher education and the factor of soft power in the U.S. foreign policy from the Post-Cold War till 2016.
TREATMENT OF PATIENT WITH IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME WITH DIET MODIFICATION – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Tejaswini Malayala , Ponugoti Tarun , Sahithreddy Anthireddy
Published: October 2020

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by chronic relapsing abdominal pain, bloating and changes in bowel habits. Despite very real symptoms, the gross and microscopy evaluation is normal in most IBS patients

Due to difficulty in diagnosis, incidence is not clearly known. Prevalence in developed countries is between 5% and 10 percent. Throughout the world about 10-20 percent of adults and adolescents have symptoms consistent with IBS.IBS is a disorder that effect all ages although most patients have their first symptom before age 45.Older individuals have a lover reporting frequency. Women are diagnosed with IBS 2-3 times as often as men and makeup 80 percent of population with severe IBS.

IBS is a bio-psychosocial disorder in which 3 major mechanicals interact: psychosocial factors, altered motility and heightened sensory function of intestine. Due to multifactorial etiology there is no single therapeutic option available with satisfactory efficiency.

Therefore, patients with high frequency of symptoms express high levels of frustration with their frequent hospital visits, decreased work & social life and food sensitivity. If treatment is carried out to improve symptoms, some people can control their symptoms by managing diet, lifestyle and stress. Others need medication and counselling.

In our case the patient wasn’t satisfied with the pharmacotherapy alone. He used diet modification and lifestyle modification as a main treatment strategy. Satisfactory results were observed with such changes.

Keywords: IBS, psychosocial, bio-psychosocial, lifestyle modification, diet modification, low FODMAP diet, high fiber diet, yoga, stress
EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERCOSTAL NERVE BLOCK FOR MANAGEMENT OF PAIN IN RIB FRACTURE PATIENTS
Authors: Shekhar Raja , Yerra Kovida
Published: October 2020

Background: The Intercostal Nerves Innervate forms the major parts of the skin and the musculature of the chest as well as the abdominal wall. The thoracic injuries are caused due to various reasons including the injuries due to fall, accidents, sports and various physical assaults. The Intercostal Nerves Innervate is one of the major treatment mechanism used to treat many of the chronic pain conditions affecting the thorax and upper abdomen, including breast and chest wall surgery.

Aim: To study the effectiveness of intercostal nerve block for management of pain in rib fracture patients

Methods: It was an observational study. All the patients with thoracic injuries and rib fractures were included in the study. The VAS score for all the patients were recorded. The patients were divided into two groups namely, control group and ICNB group. The study included 60 patients with 30 patients in the control group and 30 patients in the ICNB group.

Results: The number of men was 40 and that of the women was 20. The mean age of the patients was 46.67±12 years. The number of men was 40 and that of the women was 20. The mean age of the patients was 46.67±12 years. According to the VAS score there was statistically significant difference among the patients immediately after receiving ICNB and conventional methods. However, there was no statistically significant difference among the two groups at different intervals after the therapy.

Conclusion: In the light of the above results it was clear that ICNB had greater capacity of reducing the pain among the patients suffering from thoracic injuries as compared to the other conventional methods. There was statistically significant difference between the ICNB and conventional methods immediately and up to 2-3 days post applying the approach. However, after that there was no statistically significant difference in the pain scores.

Keywords: Intercostal Nerve Block, Rib Fracture, Thoracic Injuries, VAS
Mengkaji Upaya Pemerintah Melalui Program Kartu Prakerja dalam Perspektif Pemberdayaan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Predianto Tomi , Khoirurrosyidin Khoirurrosyidin
Published: October 2020

The presence of the Kartu Prakerja program’s in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic seems to have indeed left several new kinds of problems which in essence ara related to the fate and needs of small society especially those affected by layoffs, economic difficulties, declining income, etc. In principle. The true of Kartu Prakerja is a bridge that is able to connect the society with a variety of new skills training. Beside of that, the government also expects the creation of a more capable and empowered society to simultaneously reduce excessive dependence on others. The access facilities to various training video tutorials, as well as the form of cash assistance provided by Kartu Prakerja program, actually quite spoil the society. But the problem is that not all small society can feel the opportunity, because the quota limitations per wave and the system is also implemented through the selection stage. Coupled with lawsuits from several public observers who essentially lamented the effectiveness of trillions of funds to be applied to the Kartu Prakerja program, because it’s not efficient. This study seeks to assess the effectiveness of the Kartu Prakerja program in the perspective of empowerment, as well as impacts found in the field so far. Kehadiran program Kartu Prakerja di tengah masa Pandemi COVID-19 ini nampaknya memang menyisakan beberapa macam permasalahan baru yang pada esensi nya adalah berhubungan dengan nasib dan kebutuhan masyarakat kecil terutama yang terkena PHK, kesulitan ekonomi, penghasilan menurun, dsb. Secara prinsip, Kartu Prakerja sejatinya adalah menjadi jembatan yang mampu untuk menghubungkan masyarakat dengan berbagai macam pelatihan keterampilan baru. Selain itu, pemerintah juga mengharapkan terciptanya masyarakat yang lebih mampu dan berdaya untuk sekaligus mengurangi ketergantungan berlebih kepada orang lain. Fasilitas akses berbagai macam video tutorial pelatihan, serta bentuk bantuan dana tunai yang diberikan oleh program Kartu Prakerja, sebenarnya cukup memanjakan masyarakat. Namun permasalahannya adalah bahwa tidak semua masyarakat kecil dapat merasakan kesempatan tersebut, karena keterbatasan kuota per gelombangnya dan juga diterapkannya sistem melalui tahapan seleksi. Ditambah lagi dengan gugatan dari beberapa pemerhati publik yang intinya menyayangkan efektivitas dana triliunan untuk diaplikasikan pada program Kartu Prakerja, karena tidak efisien. Penelitian ini berusaha mengkaji sejauh mana efektivitas Kartu Prakerja dalam perspektif pemberdayaan, serta dampak yang ditemukan di lapangan selama ini.