bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Ideas About the Nature of the Prechordal Plate in the Research of Russian Scientists of the XX century. Facts and Discussion Aspects
Authors: Shevlyuk N. N.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the review was to analyze the results of domestic research of the twentieth century on the formation and differentiation of the prechordal plate in vertebrate embryogenesis. The prechordal plate is a kind of embryonic germ that passed from the outer germ leaf through the middle to the inner one during gastrulation. Since its discovery in amphibians, the prechordal plate has been a subject of debate. The main issues of discussion are the sources of the prechordal plate and the differentiation of its derivatives. A significant part of Russian researchers share the view of ectoderm as a source of formation of the prechordal plate. A number of authors name the endoderm as the source of the formation of the prechordal plate. There is also a point of view according to which neither the ectoderm nor the endoderm are the source of the formation of the prechordal plate. The prechordal plate is a rudiment with complex developmental potentials. Thus, its lateral parts are not part of the intestinal tube, but go to the formation of the first two pairs of mesodermal somites, giving rise to a number of structures of the face and skull, for example, the external eye muscles. The medial area, growing, forms the epithelial lining of the anterior part of the intestinal tube. The characteristics of the epithelium developing their prechordal plate have been studied in the most detail. The epithelium formed from the material of the prechordal.
VIOLENCIA Y MIGRACIÓN: EL CASO DE MUJERES MIGRANTES EN TRÁNSITO POR TABASCO
Authors: REVUELTAS FICACHI DANIELA , GUILLÉN CABALLERO CLAUDIA LUCÍA
Published: January 2025

Analizar la violencia experimentada por las mujeres migrantes que temporalmente estuvieron  en el albergue Hogar Refugio Para Personas Migrantes la 72 en el municipio de Tenosique, Tabasco y mujeres migrantes que tiene una estancia temporal en el albergue de Oasis de Paz del Espíritu Santo Amparito en el municipio de Centro, Tabasco, antes, durante y después de migrar. Se emplean la metodología cualitativa y el enfoque etnográfico colaborativo, para recuperar discursos, historias y opiniones de mujeres migrantes. Contando con una población de estudio de tres mujeres migrantes de entre 14 y 36 años de edad que fueron contactadas a las afueras del albergue “La 72” y  cuatro mujeres migrantes de entre 19 y 41 años de edad con estancia momentánea en el albergue “Amparito”. Utilizando la técnica de entrevista como instrumento de recolección de datos. Se encontró que todas han pasado por todos los tipos de violencia, ejercida dentro y fuera de su país de origen.
ABSTRACT. To analyse the violence experienced by migrant women who temporarily stayed at the shelter Hogar Refugio Para Personas Migrantes la 72 in the municipality of Tenosique, Tabasco and migrant women who temporarily stayed at the shelter Oasis de Paz del Espíritu Santo Amparito in the municipality of Centro, Tabasco, before, during and after migrating. Qualitative methodology and a collaborative ethnographic approach were used to recover discourses, stories and opinions of migrant women. The study population consisted of three migrant women between 14 and 36 years of age who were contacted outside the "La 72" shelter and four migrant women between 19 and 41 years of age who stayed temporarily in the "Amparito" shelter. Using the interview technique as a data collection instrument. It was found that all of them have experienced all types of violence, both inside and outside their country of origin.
AtiviTEA
Authors: Ribeiro Natasha Rhayane Pereira , Barbosa Jonata Ferreira , Amorim Rainer Xavier de , Passos Odette Mestrinho
Published: January 2025

Diversas ferramentas vêm sendo desenvolvidas visando auxiliar na educação de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Diante disso, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo denominado AtiviTEA para apoiar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista, utilizando para isso uma metodologia de pesquisa fundamentada nos princípios da pesquisa exploratória e no processo de desenvolvimento do modelo incremental. Como resultado, os educadores que testaram o AtiviTEA avaliaram positivamente a ferramenta, considerando que a interface é intuitiva e fácil de navegar, além de permitir que as crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista interpretem seus erros e acertos de maneira clara.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN EXTRAORAL SUCTION DI PRAKTIK KEDOKTERAN GIGI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Rachmayani Virlia Putri , Setyawardhana Raden Harry Dharmawan , Sarifah Norlaila , Hatta Isnur , Ichrom Nahzi Muhammad Yanuar
Published: January 2025

Background: SARS-CoV-2 or coronavirus is a new virus that infects the respiratory system in humans. The spread of COVID-19 occurs through the transmission of aerosol particles produced when an infected person exhales, speaks, voices, sneezes, and coughs. Standard protective measures in dental practices are less effective at preventing the spread of COVID-19. A tool to prevent the spread of aerosols is extraoral suction (EOS) which is used to suction droplets and aerosols around the patient's mouth during dental treatment. Purpose: To find out various research articles related to the effectiveness of using extraoral suction in dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: All articles reviewed were obtained through Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library with a maximum time of article publication in the last 5 years. Results: From the results it was found that the range of contamination before using extraoral suction was the lowest 0.06, and the highest 2.9. The range of contamination after using extraoral suction is the lowest 0.005, and the highest 0.8. Conclusion: The use of extraoral suction can be an effective additional alternative to reduce the amount of aerosols in dental practices during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: extraoral suction, dental practice, COVID-19 pandemic. ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: SARS-CoV-2 atau corona virus adalah virus baru yang menginfeksi sistem pernapasan pada manusia. Penyebaran COVID-19 terjadi melalui transmisi partikel aerosol yang dihasilkan ketika seseorang yang terinfeksi menghembuskan napas, berbicara, bersuara, bersin dan batuk. Tindakan perlindungan standar di praktik dokter gigi kurang efektif untuk mencegah penyebaran COVID-19. Alat untuk mencegah terjadinya penyebaran aerosol yaitu extraoral suction (EOS) yang digunakan untuk menghisap droplet dan aerosol di sekitar mulut pasien selama perawatan gigi.Tujuan: Mengetahui berbagai artikel penelitian yang berhubungan dengan efektivitas penggunaan extraoral suction di praktik kedokteran gigi selama pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Seluruh artikel yang di-review didapatkan   melalui Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, dan Wiley Online Library dengan rentang waktu penerbitan artikel maksimal 5 tahun terakhir. Hasil: Dari hasil didapatkan rentang kontaminasi sebelum menggunakan extraoral suction paling rendah yaitu 0,06 dan paling tinggi yaitu 2,9. Rentang kontaminasi sesudah menggunakan extraoral suction paling rendah yaitu 0,005 dan paling tinggi yaitu 0,8. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan extraoral suction dapat menjadi alternatif tambahan yang efektif untuk mengurangi jumlah aerosol di praktik kedokteran gigi selama masa pandemi COVID-19.
PENGEMBANGAN E-LKPD BERBASIS LIVEWORKSHEETS UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI GREEN CHEMISTRY
Authors: Basri Yusuf , Irhasyuarna Yudha , Khairunnisa Yasmine
Published: January 2025

Pembelajaran abad ke 21, menuntut pembelajaran yang mengembangkan keterampilan pada peserta didik. Salah satunya adalah keterampilan berpikir kritis, namun tercatat keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik masih dikategorikan rendah dengan rata-rata hanya 34,35%. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian pengembangan e-LKPD berbasis Liveworksheets pada materi green chemistry untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan dalam mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan e-LKPD untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Martapura. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu instrumen tes keterampilan berpikir kritis, angket kebutuhan peserta didik, lembar validasi dan angket respon peserta didik. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menampilkan bahwa e-LKPD yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria yaitu sebagai berikut: (1) Sangat valid ditinjau berdasarkan aspek kelayakan isi, penyajian, bahasa, dan media dengan rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar 3,82. (2) Sangat praktis dilihat dari respon peserta didik setelah menggunakan e-LKPD dalam kategori sangat praktis dengan rata-rata sebesar 3,492. (3) Sangat efektif ditinjau berdasarkan perhitungan N-gain keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik mendapat kategori tinggi dengan rata-rata sebesar 0,93552. Dengan demikian, e-LKPD berbasis Liveworksheets dinyatakan layak sebagai media pembelajaran.
E-MODUL KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI TERINTEGRASI NILAI KE ISLAMAN UNTUK PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X SMA
Authors: Nurhidayah Siti , Hakim Nasrul
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan, menguji kelayakan, dan respon siswa terhadap e-modul IPA materi keanekaragaman hayati. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4D yang meliputi tahap define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), develop (pengembangan), dan disseminate (penyebaran). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan e-modul yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dengan kriteria validasi oleh ahli dinilai 88% dengan kriteria sangat layak, hasil skor angket respon guru sebesar 47 dengan persentase sebesar 94% yang menunjukkan kategori sangat baik, dan hasil uji coba kepada peserta didik menunjukkan bahwa jumlah skor rata-rata sebesar 43,1 dengan persentase sebesar 86% termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Hasil ini menunjukkan produk layak digunakan tanpa dilakukan uji lebih lanjut dalam skala yang lebih luas.
KEEFEKTIFAN MODUL AJAR IPA BERBASIS PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR KREATIF PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Kartika Kartika , Winarti Atiek , Arifin Yudi Firmanul , Suyidno Suyidno
Published: January 2025

Salah satu tahapan penting seseorang dalam mengikuti pendidikan adalah pada saat di sekolah dasar (SD). Pada tahapan tersebut peserta didik dapat berpikir secara logis mengenai peristiwa yang konkrit dan mengklasifikasikan benda-benda ke dalam bentuk-bentuk yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan pembelajaran yang sesuai untuk anak usia sekolah dasar adalah pendekatan kontekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan modul IPA yang layak untuk melatih kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik ditinjau berdasarkan keefektifan. Jenis penelitian merupakan educational design reasecrh menggunakan model Tessmer. Setelah melewati tahapan evaluasi diri, uji pakar, uji perorangan, penelitian dilanjutkan pada uji kelompok kecil, dan uji lapangan. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan terdiri atas 7 peserta didik untuk uji kelompok kecil, dan 17 peserta didik untuk uji lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul IPA hasil pengembangan dinyatakan efektif karena hasil kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik mendapat nilai rata n-gain sebesar 0,4 dengan kriteria sedang. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, modul IPA hasil pengembangan dinyatakan layak digunakan untuk melatihkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik.
Production of prototype lab-scale oak barrel analogues using additive manufacturing
Authors: Holds Hugh , Wilkinson Kerry , Jeffery David , Jack Frances , Bastian Sue
Published: January 2025

Experiments involving the maturation of wine or spirits in oak barrels are economically challenging to undertake, especially when there is a need for extensive replication to account for the compositional variability of oak wood. Barrel maturation is also difficult to emulate at a laboratory scale due to the significant increase in surface-area to volume ratio when working with smaller barrel formats. Cost-effective methods that provide a semi-permeable environment for oxygen transfer and modelling of barrel maturation environments while maintaining a more realistic surface to volume ratio would therefore be valuable for researchers.
This preliminary research study investigated a novel use of additive manufacturing (3D printing) to fabricate cost-effective laboratory-scale maturation vessels that required less volume to fill but still achieved a surface-area-to-volume ratio of oak contact closer to that of a conventionally sized barrel.
Experimental vessels and 28 L commercial casks were filled in replicate with grape distillate and aged for two years. Vessels were weighed at the completion of maturation to ascertain evaporative losses and extraction was measured using colour absorbance at 430 nm. Seventy eight percent of the experimentally produced vessels successfully held maturing spirit for the duration of a two-year maturation study. The vessels showed statistically significant improvements in the ratio of evaporation and extraction (both p < 0.0001) when compared to small format 28 L commercial sourced casks and accepted industry values for more common 220 / 300 L casks.
Statistical methods in grape and wine research for quantifying the impact of climate change
Authors: Puga German , Anderson Kym
Published: January 2025

Studies analysing the impact that climate change could have on the wine sector are important for determining appropriate adaptation strategies. Statistical methods provide a useful approach for estimating future climate impacts. Yet they are underused despite the availability of data and the low costs of using statistical models when compared to some other approaches. This review aims to explain how some statistical methods can be used to quantify the impact of climate change in grape and wine research. It first focuses on how to estimate appropriate models of the impact of climate or weather on wine-related outputs. It then explains the challenges of using those statistical estimates to predict the impact of climate change. Last, the review compares statistical methods with other approaches and justifies combining different methods as a way of devising more insights for the wine sector.
Psychometric properties of the DSM-5 ADHD two-factor model in emerging and older adults
Authors: Gomez Rapson , Watson Shaun , Houghton Stephen
Published: January 2025

The current study sought to investigate the two-factor model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in two distinct groups: emerging adults (N = 226; aged 18–25 years) and later adults (N = 236; aged 26–65 years) in a large community sample. Participants provided self-ratings of ADHD symptoms (inattention [IA], hyperactivity [HY], and impulsivity [IM]) using the Current Symptom Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to examine the applicability of the two-factor ADHD model (factors for IA and HY/IM), while multiple-group CFA was used to assess measurement invariance across the two groups. The results indicated at least adequate support for the two-factor model. Additionally, there was strong support for measurement invariance across the two groups. Moreover, the latent factor mean scores for IA and HY/IM were higher in the emerging adults’ group. The findings hold both theoretical and practical implications, which are discussed in detail.
Rol de las variables sociodemográficas en la asociación entre rendimiento físico y trastornos del equilibrio en adultos mayores
Authors:   , Salazar Gutarra Ximena Alexandra , Valle Farfan Steffano Alessandro
Published: January 2025

Introducción: El rol de las variables sociodemográficas en la relación entre el rendimiento físico y trastornos de equilibrio en personas mayores (PM) no ha sido analizado a detalle, y esta puede variar según edad, sexo, nivel de educación, vivir solo y región. El objetivo de este estudio es si la asociación entre dichas variables varia según la presencia de las variables sociodemográficas en PM residentes de la costa y comunidades altoandinas peruanas.
Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico y transversal, análisis secundario de los estudios CEMENA Frailty Study y Andes Frail. Las variables principales, rendimiento físico y trastornos del equilibrio fueron evaluadas con el Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) y Test de Alcance Funcional. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante χ2 y modelos de regresión de Poisson ajustados por las covariables comorbilidades y desempeño físico, y estratificados según variables sociodemográficas.
Resultados: La muestra final fue de 2200. Encontramos que 44,05% (n= 969) presentan trastornos del equilibro y 52,09% (n= 1146) un rendimiento físico alterado. El SPPB alterado incrementa las probabilidades de tener trastornos del equilibrio. En un modelo ajustado, se vio mayor riesgo en las personas mayores de 80 años, el sexo masculino, pobre nivel educativo, no vivir solo y vivir en la costa.
Conclusiones: Las variables sociodemográficas tendrían un rol importante en la asociación entre el rendimiento físico y los trastornos del equilibrio, estos datos nos servirán para identificar a la población más propensa y así dirigir las intervenciones de una manera integral y centrada en la persona.
Perfil clínico-epidemiológico, sorológico e molecular da hanseníase em área endêmica potiguar
Authors:   , Silveira Ismênia Glauce de Oliveira Barreto da
Published: January 2025

A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa crônica causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae e persiste como grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil. O fato deste micro-organismo ser incultivável dificulta o diagnóstico e elucidação de detalhes da sua cadeia transmissiva. Objetivando analisar a dinâmica de transmissão ambiental da hanseníase, este estudo caso-controle realizado no Bairro Barrocas, Mossoró/RN, maior cluster do estado, confrontou resultados de avaliação clínica, epidemiológica, baciloscópica e sorológica de 22 doentes recém-diagnosticados nas Barrocas, com resultados moleculares de detecção das regiões genômicas específicas RLEP e 16S rRNA deste bacilo nas amostras de swab nasal, saliva e poeira domiciliar destes indivíduos e dos seus controles (44 contactantes domiciliares e 44 contactantes endêmicos), entre novembro de 2015 a novembro de 2016. Os indivíduos foram diagnosticados através de busca ativa nos domicílios, nas escolas e na sede da unidade básica de saúde local. Houve maior detecção da doença em mulheres, nos menores de 15 anos, com grau 0 de incapacidade e predominância de formas paucibacilares. Não houve diferença estatística entre o número de cicatrizes vacinais de BCG de doentes e de contatos endêmicos, e 31,8% dos hansenianos não apresentaram cicatriz vacinal. Os dois testes rápidos sorológicos avaliados, ML-flow (IgM ND-O-BSA) e OrangeLife® (IgM e IgG anti NDO-LID 1) apresentaram resultados semelhantes, com maior positividade entre os paucibacilares através deste último (54,5%). Ambos foram superiores à baciloscopia (9,1%). Quanto à pesquisa molecular, a positividade em swab nasal e saliva de doentes multibacilares com primer RLEP foi de 16,7% e 33,3%, respectivamente. Não houve detecção de DNA bacteriano na poeira doméstica nem entre os paucibacilares. Já em relação à pesquisa de DNA em saliva de contatos endêmicos de multibacilares, houve 27,2% de positividade. Associando-se resultados moleculares e sorológicos, foi possível identificar 4,5% de subclinicidade e 15% de status portador assintomático entre contatos domiciliares. Em relação às variáveis de risco de soropositivar com o teste OrangeLife®, este estudo revelou que residir em moradias com até duas janelas ofereceu 3,79 vezes mais chance de evoluir para este desfecho, ter histórico de casos de hanseníase na família aumentou 2,89 vezes o risco e ter mais de 60 anos de idade conferiu 3,6 vezes mais chances, o que denota exposição prolongada destes indivíduos ao bacilo. Embora sem significância estatística, fez-se notório que o padrão de baixa escolaridade, baixa renda, insalubridade ambiental, aglomeração populacional e hábitos de vida inadequados compuseram um perfil sociodemográfico e epidemiológico que atestou o contexto de vulnerabilidade social da população afetada, exigindo ações integradas de reabilitação que vão além do aspecto físico de suas moradias, pois necessitam contemplar o desenvolvimento humano e social dessas pessoas no seu sentido amplo.
Ruimte voor beweging?
Authors: Scheerder Jeroen
Published: January 2025

Uit de populariteit van bepaalde sportvormen blijkt dat de publieke ruimte aan belang wint. De vraag is dan welke sociale groepen hierbij voordeel hebben. Zullen planologen en bewegingsexperts er in slagen meer samen te werken opdat diverse geledingen van een volwaardig publiek sportaanbod kunnen profiteren? In deze bijdrage bestuderen we of de verdeling van ruimte in functie van sportbeoefening een sociaal gelaagd patroon vertoont.
‘Ireland’s hidden diaspora’: multimodal stylistic constructions of journey and landscape on the Irish abortion trail.
Authors: Statham Simon , Ringrow Helen
Published: January 2025

The Eighth Amendment to the Irish constitution, which restricted access to abortion in Ireland, was repealed as a result of a referendum in May 2018. The campaigns to secure reproductive rights for women in Ireland, conducted by organisations at home and abroad like Together for Yes and the London-Irish Abortion Rights Campaign, utilised a wide range of semiotic resources to persuade voters to support repeal. As part of ongoing work into the linguistic strategies of Together for Yes and other groups (Statham & Ringrow, in press), this article analyses campaign videos that were disseminated through the social media platform YouTube. In particular we analyse textual and visual representations of travel, including uses of the JOURNEY metaphor (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980), and apply a critical framework for visual analysis (Ledin & Machin, 2018) to assess how pro-repeal narratives constructed connections between people, country and landscape through image and song lyrics. This article assesses how these campaign videos construct journey and landscape to subvert traditional constructions of the highly emotive concept of the Irish diaspora and how they interact with dominant strategies of the repeal campaign.
Estimation of Machine Learning–Based Models to Predict Dementia Risk in Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases: UK Biobank Study
Authors: Gu Zhengsheng , Liu Shuang , Ma Huijuan , Long Yifan , Jiao Xuehao , Gao Xin , Du Bingying , Bi Xiaoying , Shi Xingjie
Published: January 2025

Background

The atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is associated with dementia. However, the risk factors of dementia in patients with ASCVD remain unclear, necessitating the development of accurate prediction models.

Objective

The aim of the study is to develop a machine learning model for use in patients with ASCVD to predict dementia risk using available clinical and sociodemographic data.

Methods

This prognostic study included patients with ASCVD between 2006 and 2010, with registration of follow-up data ending on April 2023 based on the UK Biobank. We implemented a data-driven strategy, identifying predictors from 316 variables and developing a machine learning model to predict the risk of incident dementia, Alzheimer disease, and vascular dementia within 5, 10, and longer-term follow-up in patients with ASCVD.

Results

A total of 29,561 patients with ASCVD were included, and 1334 (4.51%) developed dementia during a median follow-up time of 10.3 (IQR 7.6-12.4) years. The best prediction model (UK Biobank ASCVD risk prediction model) was light gradient boosting machine, comprising 10 predictors including age, time to complete pairs matching tasks, mean time to correctly identify matches, mean sphered cell volume, glucose levels, forced expiratory volume in 1 second z score, C-reactive protein, forced vital capacity, time engaging in activities, and age first had sexual intercourse. This model achieved the following performance metrics for all incident dementia: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: mean 0.866 (SD 0.027), accuracy: mean 0.883 (SD 0.010), sensitivity: mean 0.637 (SD 0.084), specificity: mean 0.914 (SD 0.012), precision: mean 0.479 (SD 0.031), and F1-score: mean 0.546 (SD 0.043). Meanwhile, this model was well-calibrated (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed goodness-of-fit P value>.99) and maintained robust performance across different temporal cohorts. Besides, the model had a beneficial potential in clinical practice with a decision curve analysis.

Conclusions

The findings of this study suggest that predictive modeling could inform patients and clinicians about ASCVD at risk for dementia.
Impact of a Virtual Reality Intervention on Stigma, Empathy, and Attitudes Toward Patients With Psychotic Disorders Among Mental Health Care Professionals: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tay Jing Ling , Qu Yuanrong , Lim Lucas , Puthran Rohan , Tan Chye Lee Robert , Rajendran Rajkirren , Wei Ker Chiah , Xie Huiting , Sim Kang
Published: January 2025

Background

Previous studies have found that psychotic disorders are among the most stigmatized mental disorders. Of note, virtual reality (VR) interventions have been associated with improvements in attitudes and empathy and reduced stigma toward individuals with psychotic disorders, especially among undergraduates, but this has not been examined among mental health care professionals.

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed VR intervention for mental health care professionals to improve attitudes and empathy and reduce stigma toward people with psychotic disorders.

Methods

We conducted a randomized controlled trial and recruited eligible mental health care professionals from a tertiary mental health care institution. Both arms (VR intervention and VR control groups) were evaluated at baseline, postintervention, and 1-month follow up. The evaluation included outcomes related to attitudes (modified attitudes toward people with schizophrenia scale), stigma (social distance scale, personal stigma scale), and empathy (empathetic concern subscale of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index). The experience with the VR intervention was assessed using a user satisfaction questionnaire, and qualitative feedback was gathered.

Results

Overall, 180 mental health care professionals participated and completed the study. Both groups showed improvements in attitude, social distance, and stigma scores but not the empathy score following the intervention. The VR intervention group had better user satisfaction than the VR control group. In addition, certain outcome measures were positively associated with specific factors including female gender, higher education level, certain job roles, years of work, and presence of loved ones with a mental disorder.

Conclusions

Both the intervention and control VR groups of mental health care professionals showed improvements in attitudes, stigma, and social distance toward people with psychotic disorders. Future longitudinal studies may want to evaluate the impact of VR on caregivers and the public on these same and other outcome measures to reduce stigma and improve empathy toward individuals with psychotic disorders.

Trial Registration

clinicaltrials.gov NCT05982548; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05982548
The Oirat Epic of Bum-Erdeni: Structural Elements of a ‘Tuul-Uliger’
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Mandzhieva Bayrta B.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. In modern Russian folklore studies, investigations of early epic forms, in particular, Oirat epic narratives are viewed as significant and timely enough. Archaic epic texts thematically dealing with heroic matchmaking constitute the epic genre of ‘tuul-uliger’ (or ‘tuul-uliger epic’), which stadially precedes the heroic one, such as the Kalmyk Jangar, and narrates about exploits of a miraculously born hero. Goals. The study seeks to examine the plot of the Oirat epic of Bum-Erdeni in accordance with the compositional structure of the archaic epic (tuul-uliger), analyze its contents and essentials of the hero’s struggle aimed at defending his clan-tribe and people. Materials. The paper focuses on related Mongolian-, Kalmyk- and Russian-language published sources. Results. Following the archaic epic (tuul-uliger) compositional structure by A. Kichikov, our insight into the Oirat epic of Bum-Erdeni reveals the presence of eight corresponding elements. Some of the elements have distinctive episodes: element 7 in the Oirat epic is presented differently — according to the narrative, it is the old herder Akh-Sakhal who indicates a destined horse to the hero; element 9 is offered in a modified form — the hero takes no part in the competition but tackles a ‘difficult task’ of his would-be father-in-law. With the aid of tuul-uliger structural patterns developed by A. Kichikov, typical plot elements of the Mongolian epic identified by T. Bordzhanova and S. Neklyudov, the paper articulates a total of 14 tuul-uliger elements in the Oirat epic of Bum-Erdeni and examines the latter in a plot sequence. The central image of the archaic Oirat epic — he who keeps the hearth and defends his clan-tribe — is a miraculously born hero, the heir and master of his father’s vast pastures, destined to leave in search of his betrothed, struggle against the many-headed mangas monsters, and set his people free from enslavement.
Elecciones 2024: agua en el patriaceno
Authors: Oswald Úrsula
Published: January 2025

En esta nota se revisa la problemática de la escasez del agua en la megalópolis del centro de México, que afecta a 52 millones de habitantes. El agua limpia depende del clima, el ciclo hídrico, la precipitación, los servicios ecosistémicos y su uso. Las propuestas políticas para resolver la escasez se centran en la tecnología; sin embargo, se olvida al bosque de agua como proveedor seguro de agua, aire y bienestar.
Literature Review of Diabetes Treatment Programs in the Real World: Focusing on Case Reports and Retrospective Chart Reviews Reported in Korean Academic Journals
Authors: Park Gyuwon , Park Ye Eun , Ahn Chul-woo , Song Bong-keun , Park Dasol , Leem Jungtae
Published: January 2025

Background and Objective: This study aimed to analyze case reports and retrospective chart reviews to identify diabetes patients’ characteristics, evaluation methods, and intervals in Korean medicine (KM) practice, providing foundational data for designing applicable clinical programs in primary KM institutions.Materials and Methods: The study included case reports and retrospective chart reviews on diabetes, prediabetes, or complications treated with KM, focusing on blood glucose control. OASIS, RISS, and KCI were searched on August 3, 2024, and data on the treatment environment, visit patterns, complications, comorbidities, and treatment methods were extracted. Studies not evaluating clinical outcomes, lacking blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measures, or not targeting diabetes or related conditions were excluded, with the quality of literature assessed using the CARE and JBI checklists.Results: In the 47 selected studies, the treatment approaches were classified into KM alone, integrative treatment with conventional medicine (CM), and treatments focused on complications or comorbidities. Treatment methods included herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, and cupping therapy. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial 2-hour glucose (PP2), and HbA1c were mainly used for assessment. FBS and PP2 [.1] were assessed more frequently than HbA1c. The visit frequency, treatment duration, and follow-up periods varied depending on the type of treatment administered.Discussion: This study emphasizes the feasibility of KM treatments for diabetes mellitus in KM institutions and suggests the need for practical clinical processes to overcome current limitations. However, further research and institutional improvements, such as the application of medical insurance fees, are necessary.
Treatment Response and Safety of Herbal Medicine Combined with a Low-Carbohydrate Diet for Weight Reduction in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Son Ji-young , Shin Su-yong , Kim Jung-sang , Kang Min-whee , Lee Dong-hun , Jeon Seong-hyeon , Kim Jun-ho , Kim Chung-hee , Kang Byung-soo , Bang Min-woo
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of herbal medicine combined with a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss and disease progression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD).Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 14 IBD patients (12 UC, 2 CD) who received 60 days of herbal medicine in solid form (pills, tablets, and capsules) and followed a low-carbohydrate diet (50 g/day limit). Body weight and composition were measured before and after treatment, and adverse events were recorded to assess safety.Results: Mean body weight decreased significantly, from 73.00±18.25 kg to 67.98±16.09 kg (p<0.05), with an average weight loss of 6.88%. BMI decreased from 26.84±4.59 kg/m2 to 25.00±4.06 kg/m2. Body fat mass and body fat percentage were significantly reduced, indicating fat loss. Seven patients (50%) reported mild to moderate adverse events, including nausea, indigestion, abdominal pain, sleep disturbances, and headaches. Most patients showed stabilization or improvement in IBD symptoms, such as normalized bowel movements.Conclusion: Herbal medicine combined with a low-carbohydrate diet resulted in significant weight loss and positive effects on IBD symptoms, without serious side effects. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.
Network Analysis of the Herbs in Prescriptions from “Biwiron (脾胃論)”
Authors: Choi Sae-rom , Shin Jae-wook , Park Sang-min , Baek Jee-hoon , Lee Min-ju , Choi Jee-yeun , Kwon Tae-gyeong , Lee Eun-jee , Byun Jung-won
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the network of herbs in “Biwiron (脾胃論)”, a text focused on digestive disorders, to identify the core herbs and the significant combinations that contribute to its prescriptions.Methods: The prescriptions from “Biwiron (脾胃論)” were organized into a dataset listing each herb per prescription. A network model was created with herbs as nodes and their co-occurrences in prescriptions as edges. The analysis included frequency counts, centrality metrics (degree, closeness, betweenness, and eigenvector centrality), and community detection using the Girvan-Newman algorithm.Results: Among the 59 herbs, Gancao (甘草) appeared most frequently. Chenpi (陳皮), Shenqu (神麴), and Baijiangcan (白殭蠶) scored highest in degree, closeness, and betweenness centrality, respectively, while Chenpi (陳皮), Shengma (升麻), and Huangqi (黃耆) topped eigenvector centrality. Based on the Leiden algorithm, the herbs analyzed were networked into five communities, which frequently appear together in various prescriptions and share similar efficacies and indications.Conclusion: This study systematically uncovered the roles of core herbs and combinations in “Biwiron (脾胃論)”, highlighting the theoretical basis for understanding herbal interactions. Future studies could expand this analysis to broader datasets and clinical validation.
Association Between Cold Hypersensitivity in the Hands and Feet and Gastrointestinal Symptoms: Findings in a Community-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Bae Kwang-Ho , Park Ki-Hyun , Lee Siwoo , Ahn Ilkoo , Kim Do-hyeon , Kong Kyung-hwan
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to analyze whether cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet (CHHF) was associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and whether changes in CHHF were linked to the emergence of new gastrointestinal symptoms.Methods: Data were collected from 5,476 participants in a community-based cohort two or three times between 2009 and 2015. Participants provided information on CHHF, gastrointestinal symptoms (Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), and ordinary symptoms questionnaires about the upper gastrointestinal tract and lower gastrointestinal tract (OSUG, OSLG).Results: At baseline, 34.1% of the subjects had CHHF, and 79.4% maintained the same status at follow-up. CHHF was associated with significantly higher NDI and GSRS and lower OSUG and OSLG scores. In addition, CHHF was associated with an increased prevalence of gastrointestinal dysfunction, as defined by the bottom 25% of the OSUG and OSLG scores. Newly developed gastrointestinal dysfunction was also more common in those with persistent CHHF or in those who developed CHHF.Conclusion: CHHF was associated with increased gastrointestinal symptoms.
A Case of Fecal Impaction Misdiagnosed as Functional Diarrhea with Symptoms of Fecal Incontinence and Anal Pain Improved by Korean Medical Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Kwon Yi-jae , Lee Hyo-jeong , Park Choong-hyun , Kwon Sun-woo , Son Jung-min , Lee Ji-yoon , Jun Hye-jin
Published: January 2025

Objective: The aim was to investigate the effect of traditional Korean medical treatment in treating fecal incontinence and anal pain, which may appear to be functional diarrhea based on patients’ statements but which are actually due to fecal impaction.Case presentation: The patient was treated with Hyangsayangyi-tang-gagam, Jowiseunggi-tang Ex., and Sogunjung-tang three times a day and acupuncture twice a day. Crotonis fructus powder was taken once during admission. The visual analog scale was used to evaluate anal pain. The patient reported the extent of the pain every day on a scale between 0 and 10. The Bristol stool scale was used to classify stools based on consistency and form. Additionally, the number of instances of fecal incontinence was checked. After treatment, it was confirmed that the patient’s complaints had subsided.Conclusion: This case report suggests that traditional Korean medical treatment with detailed examination can be effective in relieving fecal incontinence and anal pain.
A Case Report on the Improvement of Arrhythmia Caused by Ventricular Premature Contractions through a Complex Korean Medicine Treatment Focusing on Chungsimyeonja-tang and Modified Saengmaek-san (Iksim-tang, Yi Shen Tang)
Authors: Jung Yeonsu , Leem Jungtae , Jun Hyungsun , Lee Hyeryun , Park Dasol
Published: January 2025

Objective: This case report demonstrates the effects of Chungsimyeonja-tang (CSYJT) and Iksim-tang (IST) in managing premature ventricular contractions (PVC) and musculoskeletal pain caused by a car accident.Case Presentation: A late-60s female presented with musculoskeletal pain and PVC detected during pulse diagnosis following a car accident. She reported palpitations, which scored 5 on the numeric rating scale (NRS), and a fluttering sensation in her back, which began after a COVID-19 vaccination in 2021. Electrocardiography (ECG) confirmed PVC with premature QRS complexes. Treatment included 10 days of CSYJT followed by 10 days of IST, combined with nonpharmacological traditional Korean treatment (TKM). By Day 20, the PVC had resolved, as identified by a normalized ECG, and palpitation improved to NRS 0.Conclusion: This case demonstrates the potential of TKM for treating PVC and related palpitations not previously treated or managed appropriately, thus improving quality of life through an integrative approach.
A Case Report of Diabetes Diagnosis and Integrative Treatment in a Patient with Dysgeusia and Fatigue
Authors: Kwak Ja-eun , Park Ye-seul , Yoo Ho-ryong , Seol In-chan , Kim Yoon-sik
Published: January 2025

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insufficient insulin secretion or ineffective insulin utilization, leading to hyperglycemia. Major diagnostic criteria include HbA1c ≥6.5%, fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL, or a random blood glucose level ≥200 mg/dL, with typical symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, and unexplained weight loss. DM is classified into type 1, involving absolute insulin deficiency due to pancreatic β-cell destruction, and type 2, arising from insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. Hyperglycemia-related symptoms, such as polyuria and polydipsia, result from increased glucose excretion and associated dehydration, often accompanied by fatigue and weight loss due to elevated catabolism.Case summary: A patient diagnosed with DM was treated with acupuncture, moxibustion, herbal medicine, and insulin therapy. Symptom severity was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), and blood glucose levels were monitored regularly. After treatment, the VAS scores for each symptom decreased.Conclusion: Diabetes was diagnosed in a patient with dysgeusia and fatigue, which are atypical symptoms. Even though HbA1c was 17.5%, there was a rapid effect of improving the patient’s symptoms through Baekhogainsam-tang-gami decoction and insulin therapy, without diabetic acute complications. However, the limitation remains that objective indicators are insufficient when evaluating treatment progress. Therefore, in future studies, objective evaluation methods are needed, and further research design, including prospective studies, are necessary to clarify the clinical effects and indications.
A Case Report of a Patient Suspected of Post-COVID-19 Hyperhidrosis Treated with Traditional Korean Herbal Medicines
Authors: Cho Min-seok , Hong Seung-hyo , Park Chaehyun , Kim Jinsung , Park Jae-Woo , Ko Seok-Jae
Published: January 2025

Objective: This case report aims to illustrate the effect of three different Korean medicines on hyperhidrosis of the scalp following a COVID-19 infection.Methods: The patient, who developed scalp hyperhidrosis post-COVID-19, was treated with Korean medicine. Symptom improvement was evaluated using the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS) and the Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life Index (HidroQoL), which includes patient feedback on daily life activities and psychosocial factors.Results: The HDSS and HidroQoL scores both decreased, indicating symptom improvement after herbal medicine treatment.Conclusion: This case suggests that Korean medicine could provide symptomatic relief for hyperhidrosis associated with long COVID-19. To achieve more definitive validation, additional studies with objective measures are necessary.
Linkages of managing talent and succession planning in selected listed firms: A board of director’s vision
Authors: Sharma Trilochan , Upadhyay Pramod Kumar , Pandey Abhishek Kumar , Shukla Parag , Tripathi Pankaj Kumar
Published: January 2025

To explore and analyse the linkages between talent management strategies (TMS) and succession planning interventions in corporate organizations. A descriptive research design has been utilized to conduct the study based on cross-section panel data collected from senior-level human resources professionals associated with listed firms. Their insights have been collected through a structured questionnaire in Google Form. The study offers that as a part of TMS, the formal system for career aspiration does not necessarily indicate that there is a readymade/proactive succession plan exists in the listed firm. Further, it reveals from top management executives that if offered a development program, then it creates a greater chance for effective succession. Further, it occurs that standard talent reviews don’t necessarily influence the succession planning process in corporate firms. The present study will be beneficial for corporate companies and startups to plan their agenda for having the right talent and good successors on key management profiles, like appointing candidates to board-level positions. Even, a sound business continuity plan can be portrayed with having a proactive leadership succession in place. This study offers fresh perspectives on the board of director’s perspectives on managing talent and succession planning. The study is a first-of-its-kind attempt to investigate succession planning and TMS in listed corporate entities in an empirically designed methodology. The study is based on a small respondent size of 130. Findings might differ when a larger sample is analysed. Executive reluctance is another limitation while collecting data in a structured form.
Psbd-EWT-EGAN: Heart sound denoising using PSBD-EWT and enhancement generative adversarial network
Authors: Hu Jianqiang , Chen Lin , Yang Miao , Shen Shigen , Gao Xiao-Zhi
Published: January 2025

A heart sound signal (HSS) is sensitive to physiological noise and
environmental noise, thereby degrading their quality, which makes the
accurate diagnosis of machines or doctors difficult and unreliable. To this
end, we present a heart sound denoising method using Parameterless
Scale-space Boundary Detection (PSBD)-Empirical Wavelet Transform (EWT) and
Enhancement Generative Adversarial Network (EGAN) to remove noises that
corrupt HSSs in this paper. First, it introduces PSBD and kurtosis to find
boundaries delimiting consecutive EWT modes. And then, it further selects
the relevant modes on the Pearson?s correlation coefficient between each of
empirical modes and the original signal to reconstruct HSSs. Finally, EGAN
is proposed to improve PSBD-EWT?s generalization capacity with regard to
different noises. Experimental validation is carried out on PASCAL, MHSDB
and WUPHSD databases. The results show that our proposed method achieves
significant improvements over state-of-the-art methods. In the case of white
Gaussian noise with Signal Noise Ratio (SNR)=5dB, it obtains the best
denoising performance under a SNR of 12.53dB and an Root Mean Square Error
(RMSE) of 0.034.
Amino-starch derivates for adsorption of specific pharmaceuticals and pesticides in contaminated water: Examination in both spiked and real water samples
Authors: Palic Natasa , Vukcevic Marija , Maletic Marina , Mirkovic Miljana , Ristic Mirjana , Peric-Grujic Aleksandra , Trivunac Katarina
Published: January 2025

In this study, the possibility of using modified potato starch, with
nitrogen-containing chemical agents (melamine, cysteine, and histidine) as
green adsorbents for removing pharmaceuticals and pesticides from water has
been investigated. The influence of additional modification of amino-starch
with clay and diatomaceous earth was examined. The effect of the applied
modification on the structural, surface, and morphological properties was
determined by FTIR, XRD, and SEM analysis, while the adsorption properties
were determined through the effectiveness of prepared materials to remove
selected pollutants from spiked and real water samples. The efficiency of
investigated amino-starches for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals and
pesticides decreases in order:
starch-histidine>starch-cysteine>starch-melamine, with a slightly better
efficiency for pharmaceuticals adsorption. Additional modification of
amino-starches with clay/diatomaceous earth did not contribute to the
increase in adsorption efficiency. It was found that the influence of the
matrix of real water samples on the adsorption efficiency is up to 10 %,
which represents a promising potential for applying amino-starch as a cheap
and effective adsorbent for wastewater treatment. Also, starch-histidine and
starch-cysteine showed the possibility of reusing up to three cycles of
adsorption.