bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Legal Significance of Trade and Sustainability Chapters in EU Free Trade Agreements
Authors: Hoffmeister Frank , Siemer Antonia
Published: October 2024

The article recalls the evolution and content of Trade and Sustainable Development (TSD) Chapters in EU Free Trade Agreements. They usually contain commitments of both parties to exercise their domestic law without undermining labour and environmental standards. Moreover, parties commit to respect their international obligations in the field and create joint bodies with participation of civil society. Comparing the panel reports on South Korea (2021) and on Ukraine (2020), the authors argue that their practical effect does not depend so much on their legal status, but more on the political will to implement them. The article also tackles the question of whether a breach of TSD commitments by one party can justify trade sanctions by the other. While TSD dispute settlement provisions create a special mechanism for ordinary breaches, recourse to trade sanctions is possible under Article 60 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties in case of material breaches on core labour rights or important environmental obligations. Finally, the authors sketch the policy change of the European Commission of 2022, according to which the Paris Agreement on Climate Change should become an essential element of EU FTAs, so that also breaches of that instrument may be enforced by trade sanctions.
Upstream Review of intra-EU ICSID Arbitration and its Inherent Consequences
Authors: Kuplewatzky Nicolaj
Published: October 2024

EU Member States may have recourse to “upstream” national judicial protection under the German Civil Procedure Code to declare inadmissible and thereby preclude intra-EU investment arbitration proceedings brought under the auspices of the ICSID Convention. That remarkable conclusion by the Bundesgerichtshof (German Federal Court of Justice) constitutes the first attempt of a higher court of an EU Member State to render compatible the seemingly contradictory obligations on national courts arising from EU law and the ICSID Convention. However, even more important than the court’s conformity assessment are the inherent consequences arising from its conclusion: the incompatibility of the ICSID Convention with EU law and the obligation, on all EU Member States and their institutions, to disapply that convention in intra-EU investment arbitration matters and to ultimately denounce it collectively.
Traffic Engineering with Specified Quality of Service Parameters in Software-defined Networks
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”/ Department of computer engineering, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Volokyta Artem , Kogan Alla , Cherevatenko Oleksii , Korenko Dmytro , Oboznyi Dmytro , Kulakov Yurii
Published: October 2024

A method of traffic engineering (TE) based on the method of multi-path routing is proposed in the study. Today, one of the main challenges in networking is to organize an efficient TE system that will provide such parameters of quality of service (QoS) as the allowable value of packet loss and time for traffic re-routing. Traditional one-way routing facilities do not provide the required quality of service (QoS) parameters for TE. Modern computer networks use static and dynamic routing algorithms, which are characterized by big time complexity and a large amount of service information. This negatively affects the overall state of the network, namely: leads to network congestion, device failure, loss of information during routing and increases the time for traffic re-routing. Research has shown that the most promising way to solve the TE problem in computer networks is a comprehensive approach, which consists of multi-path routing, SDN technology and monitoring of the overall situation of the network. This paper proposes a method of traffic engineering in a software-defined network with specified quality of service parameters, which has reduced the time of traffic re-routing and the percentage of packet loss due to the combination of the centralized TE method and multi-path routing. From a practical point of view, the obtained method, will improve the quality of service in computer networks in comparison with the known method of traffic construction.
A Novel Model for Protecting the Privacy of Digital Images in Cloud Using Permutated Fragmentation and Encryption Algorithms
Authors:   Al-Azhar University-Gaza, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Department of Information Technology, Gaza, Palestine, Mahmoud Ahmed Y. , Kahlout Mohammed Ibraheem AL
Published: October 2024

Maintaining privacy is becoming increasingly challenging due to growing reliance on cloud services and software, respectively. Our data is stored in a virtual environment on unreliable cloud machines, making it susceptible to privacy breaches if not handled properly. Encrypting data before uploading it can be a solution to this problem, but it can be time-consuming. However, all of the encryption methods used to safeguard digital data so far did not fulfillment privacy and integration requirements. This is because encryption cannot function independently. Data that is encrypted and stored on a single cloud server can still be accessed by attackers, compromising the privacy of the data. In this paper, we propose a new model based on the user's classification of privacy level. The proposed model divides the digital file into multiple fragments and separately encrypts each fragment; each fragment is encrypted as separated blocks. Additionally, permutation is implemented on encrypted fragments because they are stored in the cloud with replication fragments on another cloud service. This approach ensures that even if the attacker’s gains access to one fragment, they would not be able to access the entire file, thereby safeguarding the privacy of the data.
IHBOT: An Intelligent and Hybrid Model for Investigation and Classification of IoT Botnet
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India, Garg Umang , Kumar Santosh , Kumar Manoj
Published: October 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing the technological market with exponential growth year wise. This revolution of IoT applications has also brought hackers and malware to gain remote access to IoT devices. The security of IoT systems has become more critical for consumers and businesses because of their inherent heterogenous design and open interfaces. Since the release of Mirai in 2016, IoT malware has gained an exponential growth rate. As IoT system and their infrastructure have become critical resources that triggers IoT malware injected by various shareholders in different settings. The enormous applications cause flooding of insecure packets and commands that fueled threats for IoT applications. IoT botnet is one of the most critical malwares that keeps evolving with the network traffic and may harm the privacy of IoT devices. In this work, we presented several sets of malware analysis mechanisms to understand the behavior of IoT malware. We devise an intelligent and hybrid model (IHBOT) that integrates the malware analysis and distinct machine learning algorithms for the identification and classification of the different IoT malware family based on network traffic. The clustering mechanism is also integrated with the proposed model for the identification of malware families based on similarity index. We have also applied YARA rules for the mitigation of IoT botnet traffic.
Joint Decoding Technique for Collision Resolution in Non-orthogonal Multiple Access Environment
Authors:   School of Electronics and Communication Engineering at REVA University, Bengaluru, India, P. G. Suprith , Ahmed Mohammed Riyaz , Sathiyanarayanan Mithileysh
Published: October 2024

Multiple access technologies have grown hand in hand from the first generation to the 5th Generation (5G) with both performance and quality improvement. Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is the recent multiple access technology adopted in the 5G communication technology. Capacity requirements of wireless networks have grown to a large extent with the penetration of ultra-high-definition video transmission, Internet of Things (IoT), and virtual reality applications taking ground in the recent future. This paper develops the Physical Layer Network Coding (PNC) for collision resolution in a NOMA environment with two users. Traditionally NOMA uses Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) for collision resolution. While additionally a decoding algorithm is added along with SIC to improve the performance of the collision resolution. MATLAB-based simulation is developed on the NOMA environment with two users using Viterbi coding, Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), and Turbo coding. Performance parameters of Bit Error Rate (BER) and throughput are compared for these three algorithms. It is observed that the Turbo coding performed better among these three algorithms both in the BER and throughput. The BER obtained from the SIC- Turbo is found to be performing well with an increase of about 14% from the ordinary SIC implementation. The performance of the collision resolution has increased by 13% to 14% when joint decoding techniques are used and thus increasing the throughput of the NOMA paradigm.
Reduction of Misclassifications in Wildfire Detection: A Weighted Ensemble Deep Learning Approach
Authors:   North Carolina Agricultural and Techincal State University/Department of Computational Data Science and Engineering, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA, Owusu Lawrence , Eshun Robert B , Hashemi-Beni Leila , AlQahtani Ali , R Rashel Masud , Islam AKM K.
Published: October 2024

Governments worldwide are increasingly prioritizing early wildfire detection to safeguard lives, property, and the environment. Although CNN-based models have demonstrated exceptional performance in various computer vision applications, the evolving nature of wildfire images poses significant challenges for a single CNN-based model in wildfire detection. In this study, we addressed this issue by integrating and weighting the differential learning capabilities of three individual transfer learning models: InceptionV3, ResNet50, and VGG16. Experimental results show that the ensemble deep learning models significantly outperformed all single classifiers across all performance metrics. Both the ensemble and weighted ensemble deep learning models achieved 99.7% accuracy, 99.5% precision, 100% recall, 99.8% F1-score, 0.5%false positive rate, 0.0% false negative rate and 0.3% error rate. Additionally, these models reduced the error rate by 98%, 91%, and 40% compared to the error rates of ResNet50, InceptionV3, and VGG16 respectively. A false negative rate of 0% indicates that our proposed ensemble deep learning models identified and predicted all the wildfire instances present in the test set correctly without a single misclassification. This positions our proposed ensemble deep learning models as superior choices for reducing misclassifications in wildfire detection.
The archaeal community in sediments of freshwater lakes of north-east Antarctic Peninsula: Structure and diversity
Authors: Buriánková Iva , Rulík Martin , Bábíková Štěpánka , Molíková Anna , Novák David , Lochman Jan , Vítězová Monika
Published: October 2024

This research represents the first attempt to study the structure and diversity of the archaeal and methanogenic archaeal community in selected lakes around the Czech polar station J.G. Mendel on James Ross Island (JRI), Antarctica. Sediment samples from a total of 19 of JRI and the nearby Vega Island and Long Island, were analyzed using 16S rRNA and mcrA genes sequencing and real-time qPCR. Contrary to the sequences retrieved by 16S rRNA analysis, many more reads belonging to methanogens were found with mcrA gene sequencing. Generally, archaea represented only a small proportion (0–8.8%) of the total prokaryotic community. With the exception of lakes in the Solorina Valley and Lagoons Mesa area and Lake Esmeralda on Vega Island, methanogenic archaea made up a small proportion of the archaea present in most lakes. The genera Methanothrix and Methanosarcina were identified as the predominant methanogenic representatives in the lake samples. Sequences of representatives belonging to Methanothermobacter sp. and Methanomassiliicoccales and a high proportion of sequences belonging to Methanoperedens-like archaea, methanotrophs that associate anaerobic methane oxidation with denitrification, were recorded for the first time in Antarctica. It is also the first time that the presence of the genus Methanobacterium has been detected to such a large extent. Generally, sequences of the methanogens which might be involved in all three pathways of methane production were found in our samples, indicating the broad metabolic potential of the methanogens present. Individual lakes from one area shared much higher similarity in their methanogenic diversity with the lakes from another area rather than with the lakes within the same area, suggesting that a lake location is probably not the main factor influencing the diversity of the methanogens. Indeed, archaeal and methanogenic community structure and mcrA gene copy numbers varied even within a single lake, suggesting that more sampling within a single lake, preferably at different times of the year, will be necessary in the future for more comprehensive information. Although this is an initial study, our research unambiguously provides evidence that the lakes of the JRI and surrounding islands may be potential sources of new archaeal species or metabolic pathways.
Profile of inflammatory biomarkers in extreme conditions: Changes of serum amyloid A in a 7-week summer camp in Antarctica (Short Communication)
Authors: Moraes Michele Macedo , Borges Leandro , Mendes Thiago Teixeira , Hatanaka Elaine , Esteves Arantes Rosa Maria
Published: October 2024

Isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) conditions faced in Antarctica can influence immune system and inflammatory responses in humans. We evaluated the inflammatory biomarkers serum amyloid A (SAA), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2). Seven expeditioners took part in a 7-week Antarctic summer camp (Nelson Island) and were evaluated at Pre-Camp (i.e., at the beginning of the ship travel), Camp-Initial (i.e., 4th and 5th day in camp), Camp-Final (i.e., 45th – 46th day), and at the Post-Camp (on the ship on the return journey). Camping in Antarctica induced a bi-phasic change in SAA, with an increase found at Camp-Initial followed by a return to baseline levels. Such finding indicates a transient acute inflammation that does not imply a chronic inflammation condition in the long term.
Rhizosphere bacterial community influence on Deschampsia antarctica È Desv. adaptability in context of temperature near plants in local spatial scales of Galindez Island, Argentine Islands (the maritime Antarctic)
Authors: Miryuta Natalia , Prekrasna-Kviatkovska Ievgenia , Myryuta Ganna , Poronnik Oksana , Parnikoza Ivan
Published: October 2024

The effect of rhizosphere bacterial community index (Irbi) influence on the nine populations of Antarctic hair grass (Deschampsia antarctica) adaptability was studied in the Galindez Island (summer season 2017/18). Moreover, the corresponding influence indices Irbi (i=1÷9) and Irbpi (p=1÷5 for the most common bacteria) were evaluated as well. The objective was to compare the Irbi and Irbpi series with the united temperature influence index on plant populations (It1i(z)) series and the united quality latent index of adaptability Iq1i. The study used data on the rhizosphere metagenome composition based on 16S RNA analysis. Methods determining the plant number in populations, and measuring the morphometric indices of D. antarctica populations were used. Reserve and protective seed proteins spectra were studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Method of extreme grouping the spatial variables of these indices was applied for nine populations to obtain a Iq1I and It1i and Irbi, Irbpi. Sets of united indices were compared by regression technique. A comparative statistical analysis of the It1i and Irbi, Irbpi sets in   this season was carried out. This possible influence appeared to be individual for each D. antarctica studied population. In each population, part of the plants reacted positively to the bacteria influence, while the other part either did not react or reacted negatively. Dependence of the plant adaptation indices on rhizospheric bacterial communities z(x) is shown in our data. This means that the rhizosphere bacterial community and temperature-dependent rhizosphere bacteria (x) can play an active role in plant adaptation of D. antarctica populations (z) to individual temperature conditions in the microscale of Galindez Island from a biological point of view.
Sosialisasi Pencegahan Stunting di Kelurahan Sei Mati Kecamatan Medan Maimun: Upaya Peningkatan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak
Authors: Ginting Tampe Tuah Malem , Zebua Adiwima
Published: October 2024

Stunting merupakan salah satu permasalahan gizi yang krusial di Indonesia, terutama di daerah dengan akses terbatas terhadap layanan kesehatan dan edukasi gizi. Kondisi ini berdampak signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan fisik dan kognitif anak, yang pada akhirnya mempengaruhi kualitas sumber daya manusia di masa mendatang. Sosialisasi Pencegahan Stunting di Kelurahan Sei Mati, Kecamatan Medan Maimun, difokuskan pada upaya peningkatan kesehatan ibu dan anak sebagai langkah preventif untuk mengurangi prevalensi stunting di wilayah tersebut. Kegiatan ini mencakup pemberian edukasi komprehensif mengenai pentingnya pemenuhan gizi seimbang selama kehamilan, pemberian ASI eksklusif, serta pola asuh dan pola makan sehat pada anak usia dini. Selain itu, disampaikan pula informasi mengenai peran penting sanitasi dan kebersihan lingkungan dalam mendukung tumbuh kembang anak yang optimal. Melalui pendekatan partisipatif dan interaktif, program ini melibatkan berbagai pemangku kepentingan, termasuk tenaga kesehatan, kader posyandu, dan masyarakat setempat. Hasil dari kegiatan sosialisasi ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kesadaran dan pemahaman ibu-ibu mengenai faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap pencegahan stunting, serta peningkatan partisipasi mereka dalam program kesehatan ibu dan anak di komunitas. Diharapkan, dengan adanya intervensi ini, angka stunting di Kelurahan Sei Mati dapat berkurang secara bertahap, dan kualitas hidup anak-anak di wilayah tersebut dapat meningkat secara signifikan.
Environmental Ethics Down on the Farm
Authors: Noll Samantha ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: October 2024

Eugene Hargrove’s impact on the field of environmental philosophy is hard to adequately convey. His service as an activist, educator, and the founder of the journal Environmental Ethics created the context in which the field thrived. His legacy also provides a strong foundation for environmental ethics and activism of the future. Today, environmental philosophy is expanding to include human-dominated environments, once thought to fall outside of the purview of the discipline. Work in these “blind spots” is imperative if we wish to improve sustainability and stem the ecological bleeding that marks the Anthropocene. Hargrove’s theoretical work on “weak anthropocentric intrinsic value” opens a space for environmental ethics to better understand human-dominated environments. If Paul B. Thompson is right that the way we farm should be of utmost concern for environmentalists, then Hargrove’s insights could help protect large swaths of land beyond parkland borders.
Setting a Permissible Target for Carbon Dioxide Removal
Authors: Schübel Hanna , Wallimann-Helmer Ivo ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: October 2024

Meeting the net zero emission targets set by many states after the Paris Agreement to help keep global warming well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels will require carbon dioxide removal technologies (CDRs). Several moral concerns arise if the contribution of CDRs to achieving net zero is not specified, but such concerns can be met by defining a permissible target for CDRs. This paper proposes a framework for defining the permissible contribution of CDRs to the net zero targets of individual states. The framework identifies three categories of emissions for which the permissibility of CDRs varies depending on the ethical costs of both emission abatement and CDRs. We argue that a) luxury emissions should be reduced without using CDRs; b) emissions for full membership in society should be abated by structural efforts, although using CDRs is permissible, given certain conditions; and c) CDRs are permissible for residual emissions because otherwise net zero targets cannot be reached.
Elements, Homoeomers, and the Constitution of Natural Substances
Authors: Zhang Jiayu ,   University of South Bohemia
Published: October 2024

This paper argues that the four elements exist in different ways in mixtures and homogenous parts of substances. According to Aristotle’s definition in De caelo, the elements exist in virtue of themselves in the compound bodies which they compose. However, if we assume that they exist in the same way in hylomorphic compounds as they exist in the compound bodies which they directly compose, a discrepancy arises between Aristotle’s definition of element and his hylomorphic theory, because the elements cannot exist potentially, on the one hand, as the elements themselves, and, on the other hand, as the matter of a hylomorphic compound, at the same time. To solve this problem, homogenous bodies have been distinguished into mixtures and homogenous parts of hylomorphic individuals. According to Aristotle, it is only in mixtures that the elements exist in potentiality, while in the formation of the homogenous parts of a new substance generated from the mixtures, the elements which exist in the mixture are destroyed so that they can no longer exist in the hylomorphic compounds as themselves.
Aquinas’s General Pattern of Spiritual Life: STh I-II, q. 1–17
Authors: Kutarňová Kateřina ,   University of South Bohemia
Published: October 2024

The main objective of this article is to provide an alternative understanding of the treatise on will and freedom in Aquinas’s Prima Secundae (q. 6–17). I explore these questions in their close relation to the preceding treatise on beatitude. The paper shows similarities between the “hierarchy of beings” and “hierarchy of the powers of the soul”. This similitude helps us to understand Aquinas’s notion of the final end. Special attention is given to the question On deliberation/ counsel. The conclusion suggests that the passage, commonly understood as two separate treatises, is in fact one treatise on the general pattern of spiritual life.
Suárez and the Empirical Foundation of Efficient Causality
Authors: Cezar Cesar Ribas ,   University of South Bohemia
Published: October 2024

For Suárez, the general notion of efficient causality and the reality of it are known not through an abstraction from supposed “primitive” experiences of connection between causes and effects but indirectly, through a reasoning that begins with what is directly observed and ends with the evidence that it is really in the things themselves. In this paper, I intend to show the plausibility of this interpretation in the following way: first, I will quickly present a passage in which Suárez claims that efficient causality is evident; second, I will show in which sense the principle “nothing can transfer itself from nonbeing to being” has an empirical basis; and, third, I will show how the reality of efficient causation among things of the empirical world can be demonstrated from the experience of a rational order in them.
Komparasi Penerapan Al-Wasiah Al-Wajibah Mesir Dan Indonesia
Authors: Hilmi Hamdi Ahmad , Fuad Hasim
Published: October 2024

Islamic Family Law underwent reform in the 20th century. One of the reform phenomena that developed in the ijtihad of the scholars, namely Al-Wasiah Al-Wajibah, is part of the legal reform efforts in the Islamic world, which has now been implemented, especially in Indonesia. However, the results of this reform effort are still far from perfect, because there are still many problems in the distribution of inheritance through mandatory wills. As a result, Indonesian scholars have agreed to implement mandatory wills in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), following and developing Egyptian law No. 71 of 1946. This research uses a comparative descriptive method and collects data through a literature review, referring to fiqh sources from both classical and contemporary sources, as well as articles in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) on the issue of compulsory probate. Compulsory probate is a new rule introduced by Middle Eastern scholars, especially in Indonesia and Egypt, followed by other Middle Eastern Islamic countries.
Pendampingan Thaharah Tata Cara Mensucikan Najis Kepada Anak LKSA Darul Aitam Muslimat NU
Authors: Attamami Shinta , Shilfi Alnannafsi Ima Ardina , Nisa’ Nur Fauziyatun , Nisa’ Sa’adatun
Published: October 2024

Thaharah assistance is an important practice in Islam related to the procedure of purifying uncleanness. Najis in this context refers to substances or objects that are considered unholy according to Islamic law. The process of purifying uncleanness involves certain steps that must be followed with care and cleanliness. thaharah assistance to the students can ensure that this procedure is carried out correctly by religious teachings. This study discusses various aspects of thaharah mentoring, including important stages in the process of cleansing unclean such as using clean water, staying away from contamination, and ensuring purity in the end. In addition, efforts to understand the philosophy and spiritual meaning behind this ordinance are also the main focus of this research. This study uses the PAR method or Participatory Action Research. Participatory Action Research is a research model that seeks something that connects the research process with the process of social change. Data was collected through direct observation and in-depth interviews with students and thaharah practitioners. The results of the study show that thaharah assistance is not just a physical process, but also has a deep psychological and spiritual dimension for the students.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Keagamaan Anak melalui Pendampingan Pembelajaran Praktek Wudhu Anak
Authors: Nur Ma’murotun Najah Evi , Ulya Himatul , Agustina Putri Agustina , Salamah Ummi
Published: October 2024

The main aim of this research is to find out the results of the evaluation of the implications of mentoring in learning the practice of ablution at the Al-Firdaus Qur'an Education Park (TPQ), Ngrangkok Hamlet, Klampisan Village by applying the Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach. The selection of this PAR approach hopes for active involvement from all levels of TPQ Al-Firdaus, such as teachers, students, caregivers, and student guardians, in the planning, implementation process, and evaluation of ablution learning to find out the impact of the program. This research strategy involves a process structure consisting of observation, interviews, planning, action, and reflection. Data was collected through interviews, field observations, research team discussions, and documentation. The results of this research show the impact of significant changes both in the level of understanding and skills of the students in carrying out ablution practices by the Shari'ah, and also in strengthening their involvement and support from the TPQ community. Active participation from all interested parties is also very helpful in identifying and alleviating conflicts in the learning process. The conclusion from this research is that the use of the PAR approach is very effective in improving the form of mentoring in religious education which involves all parties involved in the stages of the process. It is hoped that these results can be used as material for consideration for teaching in Islamic educational institutions and can then become a model for other Islamic educational institutions in the future.
Relational Practices of Queer Literacy Educators in the US/Mexico Borderlands
Authors: Bowen Em , Brochin Carol
Published: October 2024

Two teacher educators collectively map and explore sites of difference as relational opportunities for queer resistance within English and Spanish language arts classrooms.
A Guide to Strengthening Teacher Allyship amid Anti-LGBTQ+ Policy Efforts
Authors: Bock Chelsea
Published: October 2024

This article serves as a guide for novice ally English language arts teachers and for teachers who wish to strengthen their allyship efforts in the English language arts classroom.
Columns: Reimagining Research: Research for School Policy: Students Propose Guidelines for Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Jaynes Tiffany De , Matthusen Amy
Published: October 2024

Amy Matthusen describes how she asked her students to help develop her school’s artificial intelligence policy through an extensive collaborative research project.
Columns: Teaching in a Time of Censorship: Preparing the Child for the Path
Authors: David Ann D. , Consalvo Annamary , Covino Katharine , McGinnis Mindy
Published: October 2024

An author and former school librarian offers a reminder that the world can be a hard place and the young people who live in it deserve books that reflect their lives and experiences.
Columns: Telescopes: Possibilities in YAL: The Misadventures of an Accidental Boob Tap
Authors: Banack Arianna , Gao Laura
Published: October 2024

Queer author and illustrator Laura Gao recounts how a mortifying diary entry spins into a meaningful school visit.
Hydro-Climatic Factors and Health Problems in the Town of Ouéllé (Central-Eastern Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors:   Peleforo GON COULIBALY University (Korhogo - Côte d'Ivoire), Pulchérie TAPE Sophie
Published: October 2024

This article deals with hydro-climatic factors and their health impacts in the town of Ouéllé in a context of climate change. The aim of this study is to show the impact of hydro-climatic determinants on the spatial distribution of pathologies in the town of Ouéllé. The methodological approach used was based on data collection techniques ranging from documentary research to field surveys. Interviews were conducted with experts, while questionnaires were administered to 100 people living in the urban area of Ouéllé. In addition, photographs of the spatial units were taken using a Redmi 9A smartphone, followed by the collection of geospatial data using the UTM Geo map mobile application for data collected in KML (Keyhole Markup Language) format on the Android operating system. We also used statistical data analysis techniques to process the data. The results showed that the main hydro-climatic factors in Ouéllé are rainfall, temperature and wind. The diseases linked to these hydro-climatic factors are malaria, which is the main health risk, accounting for 63% of consultations in 2023, followed by typhoid fever (8%) and acute respiratory infections (ARI) (3%).
Response of Broomrape, Annual Weeds and Pea Crop to Some Weed Control Treatments under Different Sowing Dates
Authors:   Weed Research Central Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt, Z. Kenapar Soliman, I. E.; M. E. , Sharshar A.A.H. ,   Weed Research Central Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Published: October 2024

Two field experiments were carried out on the yield of pea crop in soil naturally infested with annual weeds and broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.), at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, (31°07'N, 30°05'E) latitude. longitude) during the 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 winter seasons. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sowing dates (25th October and 25th November) and five weed control treatments on growth, yield components of pea as well as its associated weeds. A split plot design was used with four replicates. The main finding revealed that the studied two factors were dependent, The highest significant reduction percentage on controlling weeds included broomrape was obtained by using either of pea growing in 25th November with weed control treatments (Basagran at 0.5 L fed-1+ Select Super at 0.25 L fed-1 + Round up Star at 0.04 L fed-1 (twice)), (Alpha Top at 0.5 L fed-1 + Fuselied Forty at 1.4 L fed-1 + Round up Star at 0.04 L fed-1(twice)) and (Stomp Extra at 1.7 L fed-1 + Fuselied Forty at 1.4 L fed-1 + Round up Star at 0.04 L fed-1 (twice)), on controlling annual weeds, broomrape and on increasing pea yield and its components. The previous respective interactions gave the highest significant increasing values of pea seed yield (ton/fed), and its components in kafr El-Sheikh area.
Implications of Competitive Advantage Strategies in the Buying and Selling Used Iron
Authors:   Management Science Doctoral Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Supriyanto Akhmad , Firdaus M. Riza ,   Management Science Doctoral Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Susanty Yeni ,   Management Science Doctoral Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Limantara Minarti ,   Management Science Doctoral Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Umi Anisah Hastin ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Wandary Wimby ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Suharto Imam ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze and identify the competitive structure that forms the key success factors (KSFs) in the scrap metal trading industry, with open innovation as a mediating factor and its effect on competitive advantage. The research employs an explanatory method to explore the causal relationships between variables. Data were collected through questionnaires, direct interviews with business owners, managers, employees, and consumers in the scrap metal trading sector, as well as secondary sources such as articles, journals, online databases, libraries, and government agencies like the Ministry of Trade (Deperindag) and the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The data collection techniques include literature review, interviews, and observations. Analytical methods employed in this study include descriptive analysis through company profiling, Porter's Five Forces model for industry competition analysis, and an assessment of open innovation as a mediating factor for competitive advantage. The findings reveal that key success factors contributing to competitive advantage in the scrap metal trading industry are economies of scale, marketing capabilities, access to capital, raw material supply, and technology utilization. The application of Porter's Five Forces, when mediated by open innovation, strengthens the relationship between open innovation and organizational strategy, ultimately leading to sustainable competitive advantage. Competitive advantage is enhanced by increased open innovation, which fosters organizational collaboration, adaptability, and the development of novel strategies. Through the implementation of open innovation, scrap metal trading companies can leverage diverse ideas and resources, enhancing competitiveness in dynamic market environments. Conclusion: The threat of new entrants in the scrap metal trading industry is low, while the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers is strong. The threat from substitute products is weak, and the rivalry among existing competitors is intense. Open innovation contributes to competitive advantage by promoting collaboration, encouraging adaptability, and supporting strategic innovation.
The Implementation Of Teams Game Tournament (TGT) To Improve Students’ Writing Ability Of Second Grade Students In SMP Negeri 7 Padang
Authors: Ananda Feby  , Dania Rahma  , Suparmi Suparmi
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to determine whether the implementation of the Teams Game Tournament (TGT) can improve students’ writing abilities in learning English of second grade students in SMP Negeri 7 Padang. The population was second grade students in SMP Negeri 7 Padang. The sample of this research was 33 students of VIII.5 class. This type of research was quantitative. The method used was a pre-experimental design, with one group pre-test and post-test. The result of the data showed that the average students score on the post-test was (89,45) higher that the average score on the pre-test (60.24). From the t-test, the study showed that the t-test value (11,54) is higher that t-table (1,697) at a significance level of 0,05 with degree freedom (df) = 32. This result meant that there was a significant difference. This indicated that the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted and the nul hypothesis (H0) was rejected. Hence, it can be concluded that the implementation of Teams Game Tournament (TGT) significantly improve students’ writing ability.
Achieving the SDGs: Challenges and Solutions for MSMEs Against Predatory Digital Loans
Authors: Febrian Silvia Jultikasari
Published: October 2024

Predatory digital lending poses significant challenges to the sustainability of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. This study explores the reasons, consequences, and impacts of predatory digital loans on MSMEs, focusing on how these practices hinder economic well-being and growth. The research employs a qualitative method, utilizing content analysis from secondary sources, including academic journals, reports, and government documents. Data were collected through an in-depth review of literature and case studies of MSMEs affected by predatory loans. The findings reveal that many MSMEs, particularly in rural areas, lack sufficient financial literacy, which increases their vulnerability to predatory lending. Legal frameworks, such as POJK 35/POJK.05/2018, are inadequate in regulating debt collection ethics, allowing illegal practices to flourish. Additionally, gender disparities affect loan approval rates, with female borrowers facing higher risks of harassment. The study concludes that improving financial literacy, strengthening government regulations, and fostering collaboration between MSMEs, government bodies, and financial institutions are essential for protecting MSMEs from predatory digital lending. By doing so, MSMEs can achieve sustainable growth and contribute more effectively to Indonesia's economic development and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Analisis Strategi Pendampingan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak terhadap Kasus Pelecehan Seksuak di Tapanuli Tengah
Authors: Nababan Panagitab , Lumbantobing Roida , Boni Firmando Harisan , Sinambela Maringan , Lase Sudirman
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis  strategi pendampingan yang dilakukan oleh kantor Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dan Perlindungan Anak Dalam Kasus Pelecehan Seksual di Tapanuli Tengah. Kasus pelecehan seksual terhadap anak merupakan isu yang serius yang memerlukan penanganan komperehensif dan terintergrasi. Dinas pemberdayaan perempuan dan perlindungan anak memiliki peran penting dalam memberikan perlindungan dan bantuan kepada korban, serta memastikan proses hukum berjalan dengan baik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan analisis dokumen, informan penelitian terdiri dari staf pegawai dinas pemberdayaan perempuan dan perlindungan anak, kepala dinas pemberdayaan perempuan dan perlindungan anak, serta pihak terkait lainnya. Hasil penelitisan menunjukkan bahwa strategi pelayanan dinas pemberdayaan perempuan dan perlindungan anak mencakup beberapa aspek yaitu pencegahan berupa edukasi sosialisasi. Penanganan langsung kasus, rehabilitasi dan advokasi. Program penecgahan yang dilaksanakan meliputi sosialisasi edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang bahayanya tanda-tanda pelecehan seksual. Dalam hal ini penanganan langsung dinas pemberdayaan perempuan dan perlindungan anak memberikan layanan konseling, bantuan hukum yang efektif, rehabilitasi fokus pada pemulihan fisik dan psikologis. Di sisi advokasi, dinas pemberdayaan perempuandan perlindungan anak berperan aktif dalam menyuarakan kepentingan anak mendorong untuk perubahan kebinjakan yang lebih medukung perlindungan anak. Dengan demikian penelitian ini adalah bahwa keberhasilan strategi pelayanan dinas pemberdayaan perempuan dan perlindungan anak sangat bergantung pada kolaborasi multi sektoral, keberlanjutan program, peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia,. Rekomendasi yang diberikan untuk memperkuat upaya pencegahan melalui pendidikan melalui pendidikan yang berkelanjutan, meningkatkan aksebilitas layanan bagi korban, dan memperkuat kerangka hukum untuk perlindungan anak dari pelecehan seksual.
The Role of Community-Based Programs in HIV/AIDS Management in Uganda: Challenges, Strategies, and Impact
Authors:   School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Wambui Kibibi J.
Published: October 2024

Community-based programs had become a pivotal element in the management of HIV/AIDS in Uganda, addressing the unique needs of diverse communities and bridging gaps left by conventional healthcare systems. These programs, were driven by local organizations, volunteers, and grassroots initiatives, had significantly contributed to prevention, treatment, and support for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This review examined the role of these programs, highlighting their impact on community mobilization, access to testing and counseling services, support systems, and the integration of traditional and modern healthcare practices. The review also explored youth-focused HIV prevention efforts and the challenges faced by community-based programs, such as limited resources, persistent stigma, and the need for better integration with national health systems. A comprehensive analysis of relevant literature and case studies was conducted to provide a detailed understanding of these initiatives. The findings emphasized the importance of sustained support, innovative strategies, and collaborative efforts to enhance the effectiveness of community-based programs in Uganda’s fight against HIV/AIDS. Addressing these challenges and leveraging the strengths of community-based initiatives will be crucial for achieving long-term success in managing the epidemic. Keywords: Community-Based Programs, HIV/AIDS Management, Uganda, Public Health, Stigma and Discrimination.
The use of Machine Learning in Predicting Disease Progression
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering Kampala International University Uganda, Gakire Munyaneza H.
Published: October 2024

Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful tool in the healthcare sector, especially in predicting disease progression. This paper examines the application of various ML algorithms, including supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning, in predicting disease trajectories, particularly in complex and chronic diseases like Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. By leveraging clinical data, genetic information, and patient history, ML models like random forests and neural networks can accurately predict the time to disease progression. This has profound implications for early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and patient management. However, the integration of these models into clinical practice faces challenges related to data quality, interpretability, and deployment in real-world settings. Despite these limitations, the case studies reviewed demonstrate the transformative potential of machine learning in enhancing decision-making processes in healthcare. Keywords: Machine learning, Disease progression prediction, Healthcare, Supervised learning, Chronic diseases.
The Use of Machine Learning in Predicting Health Trends
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering Kampala International University Uganda, Gakire Munyaneza H.
Published: October 2024

Machine learning (ML) is transforming the healthcare industry by enabling the analysis and prediction of health trends based on vast datasets. This paper investigates the application of machine learning in healthcare, focusing on the prediction of diseases, patient outcomes, and large-scale health trends such as epidemics and pandemics. Machine learning algorithms can process both structured and unstructured data from various sources, including wearable devices and social media, offering significant benefits in disease detection, patient care, and resource allocation. However, challenges such as data bias, privacy concerns, and model interpretability remain barriers to the widespread adoption of ML in predicting health trends. The paper discusses recent advancements, case studies, and future opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, illustrating the potential of machine learning to revolutionize health prediction while highlighting areas requiring further research and ethical considerations. Keywords: Machine learning, Health trend prediction, Healthcare data, Disease detection, Epidemics, Artificial intelligence.
The Impact of Social Determinants on Health Outcomes
Authors:   School of Applied Health Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Alberta Jeanne N.
Published: October 2024

This study examines how the social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly affect health outcomes, with a focus on the inequities they cause. The environmental, social, and economic contexts in which people live and work are all included in SDOH. These variables, which affect variations in health outcomes, include community settings, healthcare access, education, and socioeconomic position. This study looks at the direct effects of neighbourhood factors, education, employment, and poverty on health disparities, including both mental and physical health. It also emphasises the significance of legislative actions taken to lessen these disparities. The results highlight how critical it is to address SDOH to advance health equity and enhance general public health. Keywords Social determinants of health, health disparities, socioeconomic status, health equity, public health
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Decision Support Systems
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine Kampala International University Uganda, Nyiramana Mukamurera P.
Published: October 2024

Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) are integral tools in modern healthcare, designed to assist clinicians by providing patient-specific recommendations based on vast medical data and knowledge. The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly enhanced CDSS, enabling sophisticated predictive analytics, early detection of complications, and personalized interventions. AI techniques like machine learning, natural language processing, and deep learning play crucial roles in refining CDSS functionality. However, challenges such as data quality, AI transparency, and clinician trust hinder widespread adoption. Future trends focus on improving AI integration in CDSS through better data representation, automation, and ethical considerations. This paper investigates the fundamental aspects of CDSS, the applications of AI in healthcare, and the challenges and future directions for AI-driven CDSS. Keywords: Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning, Healthcare Technology, Predictive Analytics.