bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deciphering ECG Signals
Authors: Dehankar Pooja , Das Susanta
Published: May 2024

One of the leading causes of death worldwide is heart disease. Therefore, in order to slow the rising death rate, early diagnosis of heart disorders is essential. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a commonly used diagnostic tool for a variety of cardiac conditions, including irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). It is quite challenging to identify the abnormal ECG signals' properties, nevertheless, due to their non-linearity and complexity. Furthermore, manually verifying these ECG signals could take a lot of time. To get over these restrictions, researchers have developed a quick and precise classifier that performs better than other well-known classifiers at simulating a cardiologist's diagnosis in order to distinguish between normal and pathological ECG signals from a single lead ECG signal. Analyzing and processing ECG data is a crucial step in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The main goal of this chapter is to understand the classification of healthy and sick people through popular machine learning-based methods.
Statistical Modeling for Predictive Healthcare Analytics
Authors: Acharya Samik , Das Sima
Published: May 2024

Statistical modeling is crucial in predictive healthcare analytics, utilizing sensor data to forecast outcomes and enhance patient care. Key techniques include machine learning algorithms like decision trees, random forests, and neural networks for risk assessment and treatment prediction. Logistic regression and survival analysis models handle binary outcomes and time-to-event data, respectively. Evaluation metrics like accuracy and AUC-ROC gauge model performance. Techniques for imbalanced data, feature selection, and model interpretability bolster predictive robustness. Bayesian modeling integrates prior knowledge, improving reliability and interpretability. Statistical modeling empowers data-driven clinical decisions, enhancing patient outcomes and personalized medicine.
Illuminating Paths
Authors: Kritika
Published: May 2024

Expanding access to quality education and mentorship are pivotal yet underutilized strategies for empowering women and girls globally. This chapter examines persistent barriers like poverty, cultural norms, and lack of female teachers inhibiting girls' education access. It highlights interventions including cash transfers, infrastructure improvements, and vocational training that have successfully boosted girls' school participation. However, gender disparities in secondary and higher education remain pervasive, limiting women's opportunities and leadership. The chapter also explores how curricula typically reinforce gender stereotypes rather than building agency,, and advocates approaches promoting skills like entrepreneurship. It emphasizes the benefits of mentors providing guidance, networking, and inspiration as women navigate career challenges, such as the shortage of female role models across sectors. Formal programs, virtual mentoring, and cross-national initiatives expand access amid mentor scarcity.
Women's Land Ownership in Morocco
Authors: Haoucha Malika , Jehhad Fadila , Ragouba Karima
Published: May 2024

The present research endeavor consists of a preliminary documentary investigation which paves the way towards a larger future study focusing on Moroccan women who have benefited from government initiatives like the “Centre D'inclusion des Femmes au Foncier” (CIFF) and the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) in empowering them, more specifically, through land ownership. Hence, this chapter provides background information in relation to women empowerment through land ownership and aims to highlight the achievements of the Moroccan government and CIFF in meeting predefined objectives. It's part of a broader vision to address legal, social, and customary barriers hindering women's access to land and to promote their active involvement in land governance.
Application of Key Technologies of Industry 5.0 in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Soleymanizadeh Hajar , Ziaeian Mehran
Published: May 2024

This study explores the application of key Industry 5.0 technologies in supply chain management. While Industry 4.0 focused on automation and reducing human involvement, Industry 5.0 emphasizes human-machine collaboration. This research investigates the potential of natural language processing (NLP), Metaverse, Cobots, and Edge Computing in different stages of the supply chain, including procurement, production, and distribution. The findings show that these technologies can increase the efficiency of supply chains by reducing administrative costs, increasing visibility and traceability, increasing collaboration, and preventing equipment breakdowns. Using these technologies, companies can achieve agility, respond to dynamic market conditions, and gain a competitive advantage in the era of Industry 5.0. More research is needed to investigate the broader impact of these technologies and to identify additional applications of Industry 5.0 in different industries.
AI, the New-Age Lawyer
Authors: Singhal Vani , Sethi Sehar , Pranjal Piyush
Published: May 2024

Industry 5.0 seeks to add smart machines, bots, and algorithms working alongside humans with sustainability goals concerning human, environmental, and social aspects. The legal world is no exception to Industry 5.0. New-age technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, internet of things, and cloud computing are making headway into Law. AI is of particular significance as it disrupts the field in multiple ways. It is worth inquiring whether AI is the new-age lawyer. The present chapter seeks to unpack this question in the Indian context by examining AI applications in Law, the dark side of such applications, human-AI interactions, the challenges, and potential solutions of a paradigm shift from machine learning to deep learning-based AI, the impact on sustainable development goals, and the outlook of the Indian Judiciary towards inclusion of new-age technologies. The chapter concludes by advising a cautious approach to including AI in law.
Industry Revolution 4.0 and Beyond
Authors: Shafik Wasswa
Published: May 2024

The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) enhance health, ecology, vitality, and the global economy. This chapter carefully reviews scholarly literature to identify technological, economic, and sociological hurdles to a net-zero economy. It highlights this transformation's economic, social, and environmental benefits. This study provides empirical evidence and policy recommendations using case studies. The fundamental purpose is to aid governments and others in efficiently solving human problems for sustainable value. The need to address these challenges and seize chances to create a sustainable, net-zero future that ensures global prosperity and environmental health. Support governments and other relevant stakeholders in efficiently addressing human-related concerns to achieve optimal sustainable value. Finally, it accentuates the importance of addressing these issues and leveraging possibilities to achieve a sustainable, net-zero future that ensures global prosperity and ecological well-being.
Renewable Energy Funds
Authors: Kaushik Pooja , Garg Vikas
Published: May 2024

Renewable energy funds play a crucial role in financing sustainable energy projects, which are critical for meeting environmental and climate objectives. However, these funds face many complex problems that must be considered in order to maximise their impact and efficacy. This chapter digs into the major issues confronting renewable energy funds and suggests possible methods to address them. Limited funding access, regulatory uncertainty, and risk perceptions associated with developing technology are some of the major challenges. Furthermore, concerns about project scalability and the necessity for standardised frameworks for evaluating investment opportunities are discussed. To attain sustainability goals, novel options such as blended finance models, improved risk-sharing systems, and more stakeholder involvement are presented. The chapter emphasises the need to combine green finance concepts with technical improvements to fully realise the promise of renewable energy funds in driving the transition to a green future.
ChatGPT
Authors: Liyakat Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad
Published: May 2024

ChatGPT's main advantage in today's classroom is its capacity to offer students automated support. Students can use ChatGPT to pose inquiries and receive personalised feedback on their work. This could enhance students' understanding of the subject matter and boost their performance as a whole. Furthermore, ChatGPT might be utilised to give students access to personalised learning and practice activities, which will enable them to study more efficiently. Teachers can also enhance their instruction by using ChatGPT. Students may develop interactive lessons with ChatGPT and give instructors feedback on how they are teaching. Teachers can better tailor their instruction to their students' needs by using this feedback.
Engaging Online Classes Through Gamification
Authors: Vetrivel S. C. , Sowmiya K. C. , Gomathi T. , Arun V. P.
Published: May 2024

With the advent of online education, the traditional classroom setting has undergone a significant transformation. However, one of the key challenges faced by educators in the online environment is maintaining student engagement and active participation. In this chapter, the authors explore the topic of innovative tools and technologies that have emerged to address the issue of boredom and enhance engagement in online classes. Online learning environments often suffer from a lack of face-to-face interaction, leading to diminished student engagement and increased boredom. However, educators and researchers have recognized the need to bridge this gap and have developed various tools and technologies to foster participation and interactivity. As traditional education transitions into digital platforms, the need for effective and engaging online teaching methodologies becomes paramount. This chapter explores the integration of gamification principles, innovative tools, and technologies to enhance the engagement and learning experience in online classes.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Virtual Teacher Learner Engagement
Authors: Goenka Nidhi , Patnaik Deepti , Pradhan Bipin Bihari
Published: May 2024

The study explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on teacher-learner engagement in virtual education settings. It uses secondary data sources to analyse the evolving landscape of virtual education facilitated by AI technologies The research explores how AI enhances personalized learning experiences, adaptive assessments, and real-time feedback mechanisms, fostering deeper engagement and understanding among learners. It also discusses the role of AI in facilitating collaboration and communication in virtual classrooms, enabling seamless interaction across geographical boundaries. The study also explores the potential of AI to address individual learning needs, promote inclusivity, and optimize learning outcomes through data-driven insights and analytics. The research emphasizes the importance of leveraging AI technologies to enhance teacher-learner engagement, promote active learning, and foster academic success in the digital age.
Post-Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Nguyen Cuong Huy
Published: May 2024

Post-qualitative inquiry (PQI), the latest approach to inquiry in the social sciences and humanities, deviates from the mainstream research methodologies of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. It has completely different philosophical foundations: post-humanism, post-modernism, post-structuralism. By basing on post-onto-epistemologies rather than methodologies, it aims to promote experimentation, creativity, and difference in knowledge production. Although post-qualitative inquiry may not be able to replace the mainstream research approaches, it reveals the possibility of being more open-minded, experimental, and creative in educational research, including language education research.
Applications Areas, Possibilities, and Limitations of ChatGPT
Authors: Qamar Roheen , Zardari Baqar Ali
Published: May 2024

AI developments have led to the creation of complex language models like ChatGPT, which can produce text that appears human. Although ChatGPT has limitations, it can be helpful in elucidating concepts and offering basic guidance. It cannot access original medical databases or offer the most recent scientific knowledge. Public opinion in a number of areas, including healthcare, education, manufacturing, artificial intelligence (AI), machine revolution, science, industry, and cyber security, has been scrutinizing ChatGPT. However, there hasn't been as much research done on the analysis of ChatGPT studies in these settings. The present chapter looks at the various potential applications, difficulties, and upcoming projects for ChatGPT. A synopsis of studies on ChatGPT in the literature on applications is given by this review. The authors also offer a thorough and original assessment of ChatGPT's future concerns in Diff applications, including their promise and limitations.
Examining the Paradigm-Shifting Potential of ChatGPT With AI-Enabled Chatbots in Teaching and Learning
Authors: Gupta Princi
Published: May 2024

This research investigates the transformative impact of integrating ChatGPT, an advanced language model, in education. Exploring its natural language processing and chatbot capabilities, the study analyzes its influence on personalized learning, student engagement, instructional support, and administrative efficiency. Through case studies, user feedback, and literature, it unveils ChatGPT's paradigm-shifting potential in shaping the future of education. This contributes valuable insights for educators, administrators, and policymakers navigating the digital era, highlighting AI's role in revolutionizing teaching and learning approaches. In the context of University 4.0, the emergence of ChatGPT sparks interest in its capacity to reshape higher education through AI-enabled chatbots, fostering personalized and interactive learning experiences.
An assessment of factors influencing the prescribing of antibiotics in Acute Respiratory Illness: A questionnaire study
Authors: Hoffman D. , Botha J. , Kleinschmidt I.
Published: May 2024

Non-clinical factors are major determinants in the decision to prescribe medication. This study was prompted by the impression that Primary Care Physicians in South Africa are constantly under pressure to prescribe antibiotics. The objective was to assess patients' views and expectations, regarding their need for antibiotic therapy, and compare this with the doctor's perception of this expectation.
Parkinson's Disease - diagnosis and current management options
Authors: Smuts J.A.
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Warts: Clinical type and treatment
Authors: Jacyk W.K.
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Acute Coronary Syndrome: Risk stratification and management
Authors: Ker J.A. , Ker J.
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Precision and accuracy of digital smile analysis in removable complete denture
Authors: EL Naggar Shady M. , Eman Helal , Khalil Mai F.F. , Esmat Ahmed M.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Digital Smile Design (DSD) software is a beneficial approach to the potential of patient smile enhancement by producing an esthetic treatment plan. This study aimed to evaluate the precision and accuracy of hand calibrated, photo analysis, and DSD method in removable complete dentures and correlate them with different types of denture teeth.

Patients and methods

This study was conducted on 29 completely edentulous patients selected from the Outpatient Clinic of Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Badr University, Egypt. Each patient received two sets of complete dentures as follows: the first denture was constructed from a conventional complete denture with cross-linked resin teeth and served as the control group (group I), and the second denture was constructed from conventional complete denture with nanohybrid composite teeth and served as the test group (group II). Each group was further subdivided into three subgroups, according to the different smile analysis techniques performed: subgroup A, hand calibrated method; subgroup B, photo analysis method, and subgroup C, DSD method. Then, precision and accuracy were evaluated for each smile variable.

Results

Mean absolute difference was calculated between group I and group II for each smile analysis technique, revealing that the least amount of difference between groups was illustrated in the subgroup A followed by subgroup C and finally subgroup B, which revealed the maximum amount of difference between groups ranged from 0.0031 to 0.2623. Cronbach's Α was calculated for group I and group II between each smile analysis technique, revealing that all was less reliable (less accurate), except lower teeth exposure in group II was rather reliable (rather accurate) ranging from 0.023 to 0.784.

Conclusion

With the respect to limitations of this study regarding individualized anatomical variations and distortion liability of the image, it was concluded that nanohybrid resin composite denture teeth had less deviation (higher precision) than the conventional acrylic resin denture teeth regarding the ratio of different smile parameters with facial proportions.
Apricot oil extract as a topical chemopreventive agent in induced tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tarek Heba E. , Shalash Heba N. , Ellithy Marwa M.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

The tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is considered one of the primary causes of death worldwide. Despite the presence of different therapeutic modalities, scientists always search for natural products that have an anticancer effect. Apricot oil extract has anticancerous effect, but its use is limited due to its toxic systemic effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of apricot oil extract locally applied on induced TSCC.

Material and methods

Thirty rats were divided into three groups, group I was the control group, group II received 7, 12 Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) topically and group III received apricot oil extract alternative with Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene topically. After killing the rats, tongues were dissected and were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical assessment.

Results

Group II developed TSCC with features of malignancy while group III showed hyperplastic epithelium which was dysplastic and started invasion in few cases. Immunohistochemically, group II showed a strong positive expression of Ki-67 and matrix mettaloprotinase 9 compared with group III. Statistical analysis showed that group II was significantly the highest in Ki-67 and matrix mettaloprotinase 9 expression.

Conclusions

From the results obtained, we can conclude that apricot oil has potent anticarcinogenic effect and that using it topically may be an alternative to systemic use.
Mass spectrometry for screening of metabolic disorders
Authors: Nazim Walaa S. , Fateen Ekram M. , Gouda Amr S. , Radwan Amira M. , Al-sharkawi Mostafa I. , Elbaz Azza F.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are a group of congenital disorders that result from deficiency of enzymes or transporters involved in different metabolic pathways in the human body. The most severe form of these disorders appears early in the neonatal period; however, most types of IEMs are responsive to treatment if started early enough before the appearance of serious complications. The introduction of mass spectrometric techniques for analysis of metabolites accumulated in IEM facilitates the early diagnosis through enabling analysis of a large number of samples in a short period of time using small sample sizes suitable for patients in the neonatal period. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of amino acids, fatty acids, and organic acids disorders, using mass spectrometry among Egyptian children with metabolic disorders who were referred to the Biochemical Genetics Lab, Human Genetics, and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt, over a period of 9 years.

Patients and methods

The present study enrolled 9245 children who visited Biochemical Genetics Department, Human Genetics, and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre Cairo, Egypt, during the period from 2013 to 2021. All children were subjected to quantitative analysis of amino acids and acylcarnitine profiles in blood, using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, whereas qualitative analysis of organic acids was done in urine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Results

Of 9245 suspected patients, 552 (5.97%) patients were diagnosed with 13 different types of IEM. A total of 383 (4.1%) patients were diagnosed with aminoacidopathies, 167 (1.8%) patients were diagnosed with organic acidurias, and two (0.02%) patients were diagnosed with fatty acid oxidation disorders. Phenylketonuria is the most prevalent IEM of this study (2%) followed by maple syrup urine disease (0.98%).

Conclusion

The simultaneous analysis of amino acids and acylcarnitines in dried blood spots with analysis of organic acids in urine using mass spectrometry provides an integrated panel for the early detection of IEMs in early years of life, facilitating prompt provision of treatment and avoiding serious complications that can be fatal.
Impact of cooled hemodialysis for preservation of residual kidney function among Egyptian patients
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed E. , El Shahawy El Metwally L. , Yonis Dina A. , Hassan Saddam A.A.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Emerging evidence on lowering dialysate temperature suggests a cardiorenal protective effect of dialysate cooling (CD) against dialysis-induced ischemia in hemodialysis (HD) patients prone to intradialytic hypotension (IDH). Whether this benefit of CD could be extended to incident HD populations without baseline IDH to preserve residual kidney function (RKF) is unknown.

Patients and methods

One hundred incident HD patients were randomly assigned to receive either incremental CD less than or equal to 36°C (intervention, N=50 patients) or standard-temperature (ST) dialysate (control, N=50 patients) for 12 months. The primary endpoint was to test the safety and efficacy of CD to preserve RKF.

Results

By the end of 12 months, CD patients showed less decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate compared with standard-temperature patients (6.2 vs. 4.6 ml/min/1.73 m2, P=0.025); in addition, Cox regression analysis showed that CD was an independent variable for the preservation of RKF (P=0.044, hazard ratio: 0.478, confidence interval: 0.23–0.89). CD was well tolerated, with less fatigue and IDH; however, coldness, shivering, and discomfort were significantly higher in the CD group.

Conclusion

In incident HD patients without baseline IDH, cooled dialysis might help preserve RKF with a reasonable safety profile. Further studies are warranted to explore these findings.
Assessment of serum adropin level in type 2 diabetic patients with or without nephropathy
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed E. , El-Din Dalia N. , Alkot Ahmad M.F. , Mansour Ahmed E. , Amer Hasan G.A.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Diabetes predisposes the affected individual to long-term macrovascular and microvascular complications. Renal complications represent a major turning point in the life of people with diabetes. Adropin is a peptide primarily secreted by the liver and brain. It is encoded by the Energy Homeostasis Associated gene (Enho). Adropin main function is to prevent insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance. This study aimed to assess the serum adropin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Patients and methods

This case–control study was conducted on 50 diabetic patients from Inpatient and Outpatient Clinics of Internal Medicine Department, Benha University Hospitals, Egypt, in addition to 25 apparently healthy controls. Upon their informed consent, and after complete history taking and full clinical examination, blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis and serum adropin level measurement. Adropin was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Fasting and 2-h postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, blood urea, serum creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate were done.

Results

This study demonstrated that adropin shows significant reduction in the diabetic group when compared with the control group and also exhibits significant decline in the DN group when compared with the diabetic group. There was a significant negative correlation between adropin and T2DM duration as well as with glycated hemoglobin (r=−0.552 and −0.467, and P=0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between adropin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (r=0.358 and P=0.002).

Conclusion

Adropin is significantly reduced in T2DM when compared with normal participants, and the reduction of adropin is correlated with the deterioration in kidney functions manifested by the reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate. These findings suggested that the reduction of serum adropin may play a role in the pathogenesis of T2DM and DN.
Transrectal versus transabdominal ultrasound-guided embryo transfer in obese poor responders
Authors: Salama Sameh , Rasheed Mazen A. , El-Nahhas Kareem , Salama Ehab
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Ultrasound guidance affects the success rate of the embryo transfer (ET), which is considered the most crucial step in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle. In our study, we tried to evaluate the role of transrectal ultrasound during ET in obese poor responder women.

Patients and methods

This pilot study was carried out on 70 women having intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. They were divided into two groups: group 1, women who had a transrectal ultrasound during ET (n=31), and group 2, women who had a transabdominal ultrasound during ET (n=39). Our primary outcome was proper visualization of the endometrium and catheter tip during ultrasound-guided ET, whereas the secondary outcomes were chemical and clinical pregnancies.

Results

The endometrial thickness was clearly visualized in 30 (96.77%) women of group 1 and in 17 (43.59%) women of group 2, whereas the catheter tip was clearly visualized in 25 (80.64%) women of group 1 and in seven (17.95%) women of group 2, with P values less than 0.001. In addition, the implantation, chemical pregnancy, and clinical pregnancy rates in group 1 were almost double those in group 2.

Conclusion

ET under transrectal ultrasound guidance may emphasize a better-quality image, resulting in improved pregnancy and implantation rates.
Expression of mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor in estrogen receptor-negative breast carcinoma
Authors: Abouelfadl Dalia M. , Yassen Noha N. , Shabana Marwa E. , Abdelal Heba A. , Amin Hebat Allah A.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Breast carcinoma is a worldwide, heterogeneous disease that affects even the young patient population. The receptor tyrosine kinase mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor (c-Met) is suggested to be associated with reduced survival in cases of breast cancer. Few studies have specifically addressed the association between the c-Met and molecular subtype of breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the c-Met expression in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancers with different subtypes and its relation to the standard prognostic indicators.

Patients and methods

We examined the expression of c-Met in triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 enriched (i.e. ER-negative) breast cancers. Sixty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer surgical specimens were studied by immunohistochemistry. Prognostic indicators were analyzed with Cox models adjusted for clinical and pathological factors.

Results

Sixty-nine percent of cases were positive for Met. The reported mean Remmele score was 7.80±4.32. A significant positive correlation was observed between the tumor type, nodal status, multicentricity, and ductal carcinoma in situ (P<0.05). However, correlation with the Remmele score was borderline as regards the grade (P=0.065) and lymphovascular invasion (P=0.059).

Conclusions

Most of ER-negative breast carcinomas showed median to maximum Met expression and were associated with worse prognostic factors. So it can be used as a prognostic marker.
Masticatory performance and patient satisfaction of metal-reinforced and CAD/CAM-fabricated acrylic resin mandibular complete dentures
Authors: El Naggar Shady M. , Maged Abdelrahman , Elawady Ayman F. , Mahmoud Tarek AbdAllah
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

The masticatory problem of removable complete dentures had been introduced by many researchers to be assisted by many recent technologies. Solving such issues advances self-patient satisfaction, confidence, and motivation. This study aimed to evaluate masticatory performance and patient satisfaction of metal-reinforced and CAD/CAM-fabricated acrylic resin mandibular complete dentures.

Patients and methods

Sixteen completely edentulous patients were divided randomly following a 1 : 1 allocation ratio into two groups; group I received maxillary and mandibular complete dentures constructed from acrylic resin reinforced with chrome cobalt framework and group II received maxillary and mandibular rapid prototype complete dentures (3D-printed) using the CAD/CAM technique. At baseline, 2, and 4 weeks, masticatory performance using the masticatory efficiency index and patient satisfaction using Borerrigter’s method of assessing patient satisfaction were evaluated at each interval for further statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance test followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test for multiple comparisons and Pearson’s correlation coefficient between different variables.

Results

Regarding masticatory performance for each group, one-way analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between different intervals as a P value less than 0.05 with higher masticatory values for group II, while for patient satisfaction, it showed an insignificant difference for all satisfaction domains as a P value more than 0.05. The correlation between masticatory performance and overall patient satisfaction was calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and revealed a moderate to strong, positive, significant correlation in both groups.

Conclusion

The masticatory performance and patient satisfaction of mandibular complete dentures constructed by the 3D-printed CAD/CAM method were higher than acrylic resin denture bases reinforced with chrome cobalt framework, denoting that the 3D-printed CAD/CAM method can be the primary clinical treatment option for completely edentulous patients despite its overall level of satisfaction, which requires additional follow-up investigations to pronounce the positive effect of CAD/CAM dentures.
Assessment of serum fetuin-A and its gene polymorphism as a marker of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Ali Ashraf , Zaki Hanan H. , Herzalla Mohamed R. , Zaki Ahmed H. , Hussein Jihan S. , Aly Omnia , Hafez Mohamed M.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine condition affecting 5–10% of reproductive-aged women, the cause of which is unknown. Chronic anovulation, polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism are symptoms of PCOS. It is linked to hirsutism, obesity, and increased probability of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. A risk factor for cardiovascular disease is PCOS that is undiagnosed or untreated. Our aim in this study is to investigate serum fetuin-A level and its gene as potential biomarkers for screening of insulin resistance in PCOS.

Patients and methods

This study involved 100 female participants from outpatient clinic, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zagazig University Hospital, Egypt. They were split into two groups (each 50). The first group included healthy fertile women without symptoms of hyperandrogenemia as a control. The second group included women with PCOS. Fasting blood sugar levels, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides have been estimated by enzymatic colorimetric technique while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was calculated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays have been used to measure serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicular-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and fetuin-A, while PCR has been used to extract DNA and genotype common functional polymorphisms in fetuin-A.

Results

The present results revealed a considerable rise in glucose, insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and fetuin-A and significant decrease in follicular-stimulating hormone and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in PCOS patients. Also, there was significant higher frequency of the fetuin-A gene variant rs1071592 AA genotype and A allele compared to controls.

Conclusions

Fetuin-A has a potential diagnostic value as a biomarker for insulin resistance in PCOS associated with metabolic syndrome. Additionally, ‘CG’ allele can be considered a risk factor for PCOS.
A Promising Trend: Empowered State Legislatures Propel Pharmacy Issues Forward
Authors: Davitian Leigh
Published: May 2024

During the 2023 state legislative sessions, an impressive total of 180 bills were introduced across 43 states, focusing on various aspects of pharmacist scope of practice, payment for pharmacist provided patient care services, and the designation of pharmacists as health care providers. These bills reflect a growing recognition of the vital role pharmacists play in addressing public health concerns.
Оценка длин тестов в базисе Жегалкина при константных неисправностях типа «1» на выходах элементов
Authors: Borodina Yulia Vladislavovna
Published: May 2024

Для булевых функций $f$ специального вида получена оценка сверху длины $D(f)$ полного проверяющего теста при их реализации схемами из функциональных элементов в базисе Жегалкина в случае константных неисправностей типа «1» на выходах элементов. Как следствие получается оценка $D(f)\le \frac{n^{k-1}}{(k-2)!}+1$ для функций $f$ от $n\ge k$ переменных, у которых многочлен Жегалкина имеет степень не выше $k$.
Efficacy of Single-Dose Albendazole and Albendazole Plus Ivermectin for Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection in Children in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Curico Greisi , Garcia Bardales Paul F. , Pinedo Vasquez Tackeshy N. , Shapiama Lopez Wagner Valentino , Paredes Olortegui Maribel , Schiaffino Francesca , Peñataro Yori Pablo , Colston Josh M. , Flynn Thomas G. , Meza Sánchez Graciela , Silva Delgado Hermann , Oberhelman Richard A. , Kosek Margaret N.
Published: May 2024

In countries where soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are endemic, deworming programs are recommended to reduce morbidity; however, increasing levels of resistance to benzimidazoles are of concern. In an observational study in Peru, we studied the clinical efficacy of 400 mg of albendazole 20 days after treatment among children aged 2–11 years. Of 426 participants who provided samples, 52.3% were infected with a STH, 144 (33.8%) were positive for Ascaris (41.8% light, 50.8% moderate, and 7.4% heavy infections), 147 (34.5%) were positive for Trichuris (75.2% light, 22.5% moderate, and 2.3% heavy infections), and 1.1% were positive for hookworm species (100% light infections). Additional stool samples were examined at 20, 90, and 130 days after the initial treatment. At 20 days post-administration of albendazole, the cure rate (CR) of Ascaris infection was 80.1% (95% CI: 73.5–86.7), and the egg reduction rate (ERR) was 70.8% (95% CI: 57.8–88.7); the CR for Trichuris infection was 27.1% (95% CI: 20.0–34.3), and the ERR was 29.8% (95% CI: –1.40 to 57.5). Among participants with persistent or recurrent infections with Trichuris, the combined therapy of albendazole (400 mg) and ivermectin at 600 µg/dose increased overall CR for Trichuris infection to 75.2% (95% CI: 67.3–83.2%) with an ERR of 84.2% (95% CI: 61.3–93.8%). Albendazole administration alone for the control of STH was associated with high rates of treatment failure, especially for Trichuris. Combined single doses of albendazole and ivermectin was observed to have improved efficacy.
Blood Urea Nitrogen–to–Serum Albumin Ratio Predicts Fatal Outcomes in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Patients
Authors: Cao Kangli , Ma Along , Zhang Ke , Zhang Yuntao , Xiang Xinjian , Xu Cairui , Han Binhang , Xu Yuanhong , Tang Ling
Published: May 2024

There are no effective therapies for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), and existing predictors of mortality are still controversial. This retrospective study aimed to identify reliable early-stage indicators for predicting fatal outcomes in 217 patients hospitalized with an SFTS diagnosis between March 2021 and November 2023; 157 of the patients survived, and 60 died. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory parameters were reassessed in both groups. The mean age of participants was 64.0 (interquartile range: 54.5–71.0) years, and 42.4% (92/217) were males. Based on a multivariate Cox regression analysis, the blood urea nitrogen–to–serum albumin ratio (BAR) (hazard ratio [HR]:4.751; 95% CI: 2.208–10.226; P <0.001), procalcitonin level (HR: 1.946; 95% CI: 1.080–3.507; P = 0.027), and central nervous system symptoms (HR: 3.257; 95% CI, 1.628–6.513; P = 0.001) were independent risk factors for mortality in SFTS patients. According to a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a BAR with an area under the curve of 0.913 (95% CI: 0.873–0.953; P <0.001), a sensitivity of 76.7%, and a specificity of 90.4% showed better predictive performance for fatal outcomes than other classical indicators reported. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve confirmed that an increased BAR was linked with an unfavorable prognosis in SFTS patients (P <0.001 by log-rank test). In conclusion, the results indicate that high BAR levels are markedly related to substandard outcomes and are a reliable and readily accessible predictor of fatal outcomes in SFTS patients.
Világgazdaság a pandémia után, tekintettel a technológiai fejlődésre és a jelenkor kríziseinek tanulságaira
Authors: Várhelyi Tamás , Árva László
Published: May 2024

Napjainknak a világgazdaságot és mindennapi életünket mélyrehatóan befolyásoló válságai, elsősorban a Covid-járvány és a szomszédunkban zajló ukrán–orosz háború valójában csak rövid távú események a világgazdaság átalakulásának több évtizedes folyamatában. Azt inkább a technológiai fejlődés és annak társadalmi következményei határozzák meg. Ezek a válságok azonban rávilágítanak a világgazdaság jelenlegi gyengeségeire, az egyensúlyok törékenységére, valamint a változások irányára is. Éppen ezért korábbi, inkább a járvány közvetlen hatásait vizsgáló munkáink folytatásaként a kérdésnek a fenntarthatósággal, illetve válságkezeléssel kapcsolatos részeit vizsgáljuk tovább. E munkák szerint a Covid-járvány meglehetősen nagy hatással volt a világ gazdaságára, és ebből nem elsősorban a GDP csökkenése, hanem az eddig evidensen hatékonynak tartott termelési láncok formáinak megkérdőjelezése, a munkavégzés módja, illetve a gazdaság egészéhez történő lakossági és döntéshozói hozzáállás az igazán fontos (Várhelyi–Árva, 2022). A negatív tapasztalatok miatt előtérbe került a biztonság, megerősödött a fenntarthatóság felé történő haladás trendje. A biztonság igénye a technológiai fejlődéssel együtt le fogja rövidíteni az ellátási láncokat, csökkenni fog a fejlett országokból az olcsóbb munkaerőt kínáló országokba a tőkekivitel, hiszen egy robotizált üzem a fejlett országban lényegében ugyanolyan költségen, biztonságosan és a szállítás környezetkárosító hatásaitól és költségeitől mentesen tud működni.
Kaleckian insights on structural heterogeneity
Authors: Juárez Julia , Moreno-Brid Juan Carlos
Published: May 2024

This article aims to delve into the contributions of Michal Kalecki to economic development through his seminal Departmental model. Essentially it aims to answer the following question: How does Kalecki's theoretical perspective of economic development enhance our comprehension of structural heterogeneity as defined by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)? In addition, we argue that Kalecki´s contributions to economic development by improving in our understanding of such heterogeneity, identifies ways to overcome.
A libertarian stabilization program and its consequences
Authors: Waldman Joaquín , Ordoñez Lucas
Published: May 2024

Milei's victory in the 2023 presidential election in Argentina triggered a major change in economic policies. The new administration implemented a program aimed at avoiding hyperinflationary risks. In this article, we describe the program and argue that the risks that justified its implementation were overestimated, in light of historical data on hyperinflations. We also argue that this program imposes unnecessarily large costs on economic activity and assumes large risks of currency crises. Based on international evidence, we advocate an alternative approach to mitigate social impacts and reduce dependence on risky exchange rate dynamics.
UNA CONCEPCIÓN ALGEBRIZADA DEL LÍMITE COMO OBSTÁCULO PARA SU COMPRENSIÓN EN UN PROFESOR DE BACHILLERATO
Authors:   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, De Los Reyes Dayana , Hernández-Rebollar Lidia Aurora
Published: May 2024

En este estudio se presenta el análisis de la comprensión de un profesor sobre el concepto de límite, detallando las estructuras mentales que se identificaron al resolver actividades relacionadas con el tema. Se recopilaron y analizaron los datos como parte del método de investigación de la Teoría APOE y se llevó a cabo un estudio de caso instrumental con un profesor de bachillerato. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizaron tres actividades sobre el límite de una función, diseñadas bajo la Teoría APOE, y una entrevista semiestructurada en línea. Para el análisis se utilizaron las herramientas que proporciona esta teoría. Se encontró que el informante concibe los procesos de aproximación en el dominio y en el rango de manera independiente a la representación de la función y para el proceso de aproximación coordinado, necesita una expresión algebraica. Los resultados permitieron concluir que el profesor entiende al límite como una operación y que la dependencia de una expresión algebraica de la función funcionó como un obstáculo para concebirlo dinámicamente (en términos de aproximaciones).
The Effect Of The Comparison Of Binders In The Manufacture Of Carp Rolade (Cyprinus Carpio) On The Physical Properties And Consumer Acceptability
Authors: Gumilang Aradea , Kandriasari Annis , Alsuhendra Alsuhendra
Published: May 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of binder ratio in the making of carp fish roulade on the physical properties and consumer acceptance. The research was conducted at the Food Processing Laboratory, Department of Culinary Education, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. The research period began in August 2023 and ended in June 2024. The method used in this research was experimental. The research sample used grass carp roulade with a binder ratio between tapioca flour and wheat flour at 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2. The samples were then tested on 30 moderately trained panelists who evaluated overall aspects. Based on the results of statistical hypothesis testing using the Friedman test, it was found that there was no influence of binder ratio on the acceptance of carp fish roulade at ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2 in terms of skin color before and after frying, filling color before and after frying, fish aroma, spice aroma,  taste, and structural compactness. However, one aspect that had an influence was the level of tenderness. Based on the results of statistical hypothesis testing, physical testing using the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the binder ratio had no significant influence on the physical quality of grass carp roulade in terms of hardness level. The conclusion of this study is that the acceptance of carp fish roulade is recommended at a binder ratio of 1:1 between tapioca flour and wheat flour.
Uji Efektivitas Antipiretik Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pare (Momordica Charantia L.) Dan Daun Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Terhadap Mencit (Mus Musculus)
Authors: Xaverius Lameng Fransiskus
Published: May 2024

Tanaman obat yang digunakan secara empiris dalam pengobatan diantaranya daun pare (Momordica charantia L) dan daun ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas L) mempunyai kandungan flavonoid yang memiliki potensi sebagai obat penurun panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antipiretik kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun pare dan daun ubi jalar ungu terhadap mencit yang diinduksi pepton 10 % b/v. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap). Hewan coba yang digunakan 15 ekor mencit yang di bagi dalam 5 kelompok dan tiap kelompok terdiri dari 3 ekor mencit. Hasil Analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi ekstrak daun pare (Momordica charantia L) dan daun ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas L) dengan penurunan suhu tubuh dimana semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak daun pare (Momordica charantia L) dan daun ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas L) semakin tinggi pula penurunan suhu tubuh. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun pare (Momordica charantia L) dan daun ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas L) terhadap mencit jantan dengan konsentrasi 6% b/v, 12% b/v dan 18% b/v terjadinya penurunan suhu.
Perubahan Paradigma Pendidikan di Era Digital
Authors: Sinaga Wellty Mely Betesda Br , Firmansyah Alief
Published: May 2024

Di era digital yang semakin maju, pendidikan tidak lagi bisa bertahan dengan metode tradisional. Teknologi digital telah menjadi bagian integral dari kehidupan sehari-hari dan memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap cara kita belajar dan mengajar, penelitian ini penting karena membantu mengidentifikasi strategi yang efektif untuk memanfaatkan teknologi digital dalam pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis perubahan paradigma pendidikan di era digital. Adapun fokus utama penelitian ini adalah memahami bagaimana teknologi digital mengubah cara pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka, dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis literatur yang relevan dari berbagai sumber, termasuk jurnal ilmiah, buku, laporan penelitian, dan artikel. Dengan menggunakan metode ini memungkinkan peneliti untuk mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam tentang topik yang diteliti dan mengidentifikasi tren serta pola yang signifikan dalam perubahan paradigma pendidikan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa paradigma pendidikan telah mengalami perubahan yang signifikan akibat teknologi sekaligus menekankan bahwa pentingnya menyesuaikan pendidikan dengan pesatnya perubahan teknologi digital agar terciptanya mutu pendidikan yang lebih optimal.