bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF FRACTIONAL ORDER DELAY CAUCHY NON-AUTONOMOUS EVOLUTION PROBLEMS VIA DEGREE THEORY
Authors: KHAN ZAREEN A. , SHAH KAMAL , MAHARIQ IBRAHIM , ALRABAIAH HUSSAM
Published: September 2021

This work is devoted to derive some existence and uniqueness (EU) conditions for the solution to a class of nonlinear delay non-autonomous integro-differential Cauchy evolution problems (CEPs) under Caputo derivative of fractional order. The required results are derived via topological degree method (TDM). TDM is a powerful tool which relaxes strong compact conditions by some weaker ones. Hence, we establish the EU under the situation that the nonlinear function satisfies some appropriate local growth condition as well as of non-compactness measure condition. Furthermore, some results are established for Hyers–Ulam (HU) and generalized HU (GHU) stability. Our results generalize some previous results. At the end, by a pertinent example, the results are verified.
ON FUZZY PARTIAL FRACTIONAL ORDER EQUATIONS UNDER FUZZIFIED CONDITIONS
Authors: REUNSUMRIT JIRAPORN , SHER MUHAMMAD , SHAH KAMAL , ALRESHIDI NASSER AEDH , SHUTAYWI MESHAL
Published: September 2021

This paper is devoted to investigating or computing the solution to one-dimensional partial fuzzy fractional order heat equation. In particular, one-dimensional fuzzy partial heat equation is hybridized into two equations by hybrid techniques along with the concept of parametric fuzzy number. For this investigation, a hybrid method of decomposition due to Adomian and Laplace transform is used. The considered techniques are presented for the computation of series of solutions of partial fractional order heat equation. The applied techniques have also provided the accuracy, simplicity and efficiency as compared to other existing methods. Finally, some illustrations are solved for the justification of our theoretical solution.
Schrödinger dynamics and optimal transport of measures
Authors: Zanelli Lorenzo
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we recover a class of displacement interpolations of probability measures, in the sense of the Optimal Transport theory, by means of semiclassical measures associated with solutions of Schrödinger equation defined on the flat torus. Moreover, we prove the completing viewpoint by proving that a family of displacement interpolations can always be viewed as a path of time-dependent semiclassical measures.
On operator-valued infinitesimal Boolean and monotone independence
Authors: Perales Daniel , Tseng Pei-Lun
Published: September 2021

We introduce the notion of operator-valued infinitesimal (OVI) Boolean independence and OVI monotone independence. Then we show that OVI Boolean (respectively, monotone) independence is equivalent to the operator-valued (OV) Boolean (respectively, monotone) independence over an algebra of [Formula: see text] upper triangular matrices. Moreover, we derive formulas to obtain the OVI Boolean (respectively, monotone) additive convolution by reducing it to the OV case. We also define OVI Boolean and monotone cumulants and study their basic properties. Moreover, for each notion of OVI independence, we construct the corresponding OVI Central Limit Theorem. The relations among free, Boolean and monotone cumulants are extended to this setting. Besides, in the Boolean case we deduce that the vanishing of mixed cumulants is still equivalent to independence, and use this to connect scalar-valued with matrix-valued infinitesimal Boolean independence.
Quasi-clean rings and strongly quasi-clean rings
Authors: Tang Gaohua , Su Huadong , Yuan Pingzhi
Published: September 2021

An element [Formula: see text] of a ring [Formula: see text] is called a quasi-idempotent if [Formula: see text] for some central unit [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text], or equivalently, [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a central unit and [Formula: see text] is an idempotent of [Formula: see text]. A ring [Formula: see text] is called a quasi-Boolean ring if every element of [Formula: see text] is quasi-idempotent. A ring [Formula: see text] is called (strongly) quasi-clean if each of its elements is a sum of a quasi-idempotent and a unit (that commute). These rings are shown to be a natural generalization of the clean rings and strongly clean rings. An extensive study of (strongly) quasi-clean rings is conducted. The abundant examples of (strongly) quasi-clean rings state that the class of (strongly) quasi-clean rings is very larger than the class of (strongly) clean rings. We prove that an indecomposable commutative semilocal ring is quasi-clean if and only if it is local or [Formula: see text] has no image isomorphic to [Formula: see text]; For an indecomposable commutative semilocal ring [Formula: see text] with at least two maximal ideals, [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text]) is strongly quasi-clean if and only if [Formula: see text] is quasi-clean if and only if [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is a maximal ideal of [Formula: see text]. For a prime [Formula: see text] and a positive integer [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is strongly quasi-clean if and only if [Formula: see text]. Some open questions are also posed.
The Influence of Variable Shell Thickness on the Vibrational Behavior of Composite Sandwich Conical Shells with Geodesic Lattice Cores
Authors: Zarei M. , Rahimi G. H. , Hemmatnezhad M.
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the vibrational behavior of sandwich conical shells with geodesic lattice core and variable skin thicknesses using analytical and numerical approaches. The filament wound conical shell has been considered to have varying skin thickness along the longitudinal direction. The smeared stiffener approach has been used to obtain the equivalent stiffness parameters due to the geodesic lattice core via the force and moment analyses of a unit cell. Superimposing the stiffness contribution of the stiffeners with those due to the inner and outer skins, one can calculate the equivalent stiffness of the whole structure. The equations of motion have been formulated based on the first-order shear deformation theory. The power series method has been implemented for extracting the natural frequencies of vibration. To validate the analytical results, a 3-D finite element model has been provided which is then used to conduct an extensive parametric study. The comparisons indicate an acceptable agreement between the two approaches. Moreover, the effect of variable skin thickness on the natural frequency has been examined. Furthermore, the influences of skin lamination angle, semi-vertex angle of the cone and stiffeners orientation angle have been discussed. The obtained results can be used for future relevant researches.
An Analytical Approach for the Nonlinear Free Vibration Analysis of Thin-Walled Circular Cylindrical Shells
Authors: Ben-Youssef Yacine , Kerboua Youcef , Lakis Aouni A.
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a new formulation combining the nonlinear theory of Novozhilov with the classical finite element method for the purpose of evaluating the vibratory characteristics of thin, closed and isotropic cylindrical shells. The theory developed in this paper is able to include the shell curvature effect in the circumferential direction of the orthogonal displacements and considers the impact of initial geometric imperfections on the dynamic response of the system. The formulation first takes a general form by expressing the shell displacements as an alliance between the generalized coordinates and spatial functions. Nonlinear kinematic relationships are inferred from Novozhilov’s theory. The equations of motion as well as the expressions of the mass, linear and nonlinear stiffness matrices are derived through the Lagrange method by considering the coupling between the different modes. An application of this model is illustrated in a further step, by adopting the displacement functions derived from exact solutions of linear Sanders’ theory equilibrium equations for thin cylindrical shells. The governing equations of motion are solved with the help of a direct iterative method. Linear and nonlinear frequencies are validated by comparison with the results in the literature. The relative nonlinear frequencies are determined as a function of vibration amplitudes and then compared with published results for several cases of shells. Excellent agreement is observed between the results derived from this theory and those found in the literature. The effect of different parameters including axial and circumferential wave number, length-to-radius ratio, thickness-to-radius ratio and various boundary conditions, on the nonlinear frequencies of cylindrical shells is investigated.
Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Reduced Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots
Authors: Thakran Mamta , Kumar Sumeet , Phogat Rohit , Ray S. K. , Brajpuriya R. , Singh Rana Abhimanyu , Kumar Brijesh
Published: September 2021

Reduced graphene oxide quantum dots (rGOQDTs) play a vital role in a variety of biological, optoelectronics, and environmental applications. The quality of 0D nanodots is compromised when they are cut from big 2D nanosheets. As a result, it is necessary to maintain a balance between quality and yield. Here, we developed a two-step hydrothermal process for producing nanocrystalline rGOQDTs by employing graphene oxide (GO) as an initial precursor. UV-Visible spectroscopy was used to explore the optical properties of rGOQDTs. XRD, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopic experiments were performed to better understand the crystalline and chemical properties and composition of rGOQDTs. The nanocrystalline rGOQDTs have an average crystallite size of 1.67[Formula: see text]nm. Using GO as an initial precursor implies a simple two-step approach for producing nanocrystalline rGOQDTs in a low-cost, highly efficient, and scalable manner.
Multilevel Image Thresholding Based on Improved Expectation Maximization (EM) and Differential Evolution Algorithm
Authors: Ehsaeyan Ehsan , Zolghadrasli Alireza
Published: September 2021

Multilevel image thresholding is an essential step in the image segmentation process. Expectation Maximization (EM) is a powerful technique to find thresholds but is sensitive to the initial points. Differential Evolution (DE) is a robust metaheuristic algorithm that can find thresholds rapidly. However, it may be trapped in the local optimums and premature convergence occurs. In this paper, we incorporate EM algorithm to DE and introduce a novel algorithm called EM+DE which overcomes these shortages and can segment images better than EM and DE algorithms. In the proposed method, EM estimates Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) coefficients of the histogram and DE tries to provide good volunteer solutions to EM algorithm when EM converges in local areas. Finally, DE fits GMM parameters based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) to reach the fittest curve. Ten standard test images and six famous metaheuristic algorithms are considered and result on global fitness. PSNR, SSIM, FSIM criteria and the computational time are given. The experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm outperforms the EM and DE as well as EM+ other natural-inspired algorithms in terms of segmentation criteria.
Generalized Ricci recurrent spacetimes and GRW spacetimes
Authors: Chaubey Sudhakar K. , Suh Young Jin
Published: September 2021

The main goal of this paper is to study the properties of generalized Ricci recurrent perfect fluid spacetimes and the generalized Ricci recurrent (generalized Robertson–Walker (GRW)) spacetimes. It is proven that if the generalized Ricci recurrent perfect fluid spacetimes satisfy the Einstein’s field equations without cosmological constant, then the isotropic pressure and the energy density of the perfect fluid spacetime are invariant along the velocity vector field of the perfect fluid spacetime. In this series, we show that a generalized Ricci recurrent perfect fluid spacetime satisfying the Einstein’s field equations without cosmological constant is either Ricci recurrent or Ricci symmetric. An [Formula: see text]-dimensional compact generalized Ricci recurrent GRW spacetime with almost Ricci soliton is geodesically complete, provided the soliton vector field of almost Ricci soliton is timelike. Also, we prove that a (GR)n GRW spacetime is Einstein. The properties of (GR)n GRW spacetimes equipped with almost Ricci soliton are studied.
Magnetically-Induced Flexoelectric Effects in the Second-order Extension of a Composite Fiber with Piezomagnetic and Flexoelectric Layers
Authors: Li D. B. , Yan J. Q. , Chen J. B. , Lu S.
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we studied a magnetically-induced axial flexoelectric polarization field in a second-order extension of a composite fiber with both piezomagnetic and flexoelectric dielectric component phases. Based on the macroscopic flexoelectric and piezomagnetic theories, a one-dimensional (1D) model was derived by a variational formulation based on Hamilton’s principle, in which one zero-order electric potential and three relevant deformation modes such as extension, thickness-stretch, and symmetric thickness-shear were considered. A cantilevered fiber under a static magnetic field was analytically solved, in which an axial electric polarization was induced by the curved cross section through flexoelectric coupling. The mechanical and electrical behaviors that occurred in response to the magnetic effects under different thickness ratios of the composite fiber were discussed. It was found that symmetric shear deformations and polarizations were significant at certain thickness ratios. Lastly, this paper provided a potential idea for designing flexoelectric devices when magnetic fields are involved.
Optimization of Free Vibration and Flutter Analysis of Composite Plates Using a Coupled Method of Genetic Algorithm and Generalized Differential Quadrature
Authors: Shahverdi Hossein , Navardi Mohammad Mahdi , Khalafi Vahid
Published: September 2021

In this study, the optimization of free vibration and flutter analysis of a composite plate with the implementation of different boundary conditions is investigated. The governing equations of a composite plate are obtained using the first shear deformation theory (FSDT) of plates. The first-order piston theory is utilized to simulate aerodynamic loads, including arbitrary yaw angle over the panel area. The coupled method of genetic algorithm with well-known generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method is then developed to obtain optimal layup, which led to maximum fundamental frequency and optimized critical flutter aerodynamic pressure. To achieve this aim, the free vibration and flutter analysis of a composite plate will be conducted via the obtained eigenvalue problem by establishing the discretized governing equations and applying boundary conditions. The obtained results are compared and validated with the available results in the literature, which show high accuracy and a fast rate of convergence. Also, the influence of changing in the yaw angle, number of layers, thickness-to-length ratio, boundary conditions and turning symmetric layup to asymmetric layup is studied.
Stability Analysis of Smart FG Sandwich Plates with Auxetic Core
Authors: Sobhy Mohammed
Published: September 2021

As a new model, functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) sandwich plate with negative Poisson’s ratio honeycomb core (auxetic core) is considered in this paper. Buckling analysis of the FGP sandwich plate is investigated based on a novel four-unknown shear deformation plate theory. The electrical and mechanical properties of the face layers are continuously varied through the thickness of the layers. This variation is achieved using a power law distribution in terms of the constituents volume fraction. The core layer composed of hexagonal honeycomb cells with negative Poisson’s ratio was made of a metallic material. The sandwich plate is exposed to uniaxial or biaxial compressive loads as well as electric voltage. Five stability differential equations are established based on the principle of virtual work including mechanical and electric loads. The obtained buckling load is compared with that available in the literature. Impacts of various parameters like the power law index, load parameter, external applied voltage, core thickness, boundary conditions and plate geometry on the buckling load of the smart composite plates with auxetic core are investigated. From the numerical results, one can find that the increase of electric voltage and core thickness decreases the buckling load.
Existence of best proximity points satisfying two constraint inequalities
Authors: Balraj D. , Kadwin J. Geno , Marudai M.
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we prove the existence of best proximity point and coupled best proximity point on metric spaces with partial order for weak proximal contraction mappings such that these critical points satisfy some constraint inequalities.
An explicit extragradient algorithm for solving variational inequality problem with application
Authors: Oyewole Olawale Kazeem , Jolaoso Lateef Olakunle , Mewomo Oluwatosin Temitope
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new explicit extragradient algorithm for solving Variational Inequality Problem (VIP) in Banach spaces. The proposed algorithm uses a linesearch method whose inner iterations are independent of any projection onto feasible sets. Under standard and mild assumption of pseudomonotonicity and uniform continuity of the VIP associated operator, we establish the strong convergence of the scheme. Further, we apply our algorithm to find an equilibrium point with minimal environmental cost for a model in electricity production. Finally, a numerical result is presented to illustrate the given model. Our result extends, improves and unifies other related results in the literature.
An iterative algorithm with inertial technique for solving the split common null point problem in Banach spaces
Authors: Tang Yan , Sunthrayuth Pongsakorn
Published: September 2021

In this work, we introduce a modified inertial algorithm for solving the split common null point problem without the prior knowledge of the operator norms in Banach spaces. The strong convergence theorem of our method is proved under suitable assumptions. We apply our result to the split feasibility problem, split equilibrium problem and split minimization problem. Finally, we provide some numerical experiments including compressed sensing to illustrate the performances of the proposed method. The result presented in this paper improves and generalizes many recent important results in the literature.
Geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopic studies of Paleoproterozoic (
c.
2.3 Ga) meta-lamprophyre from the Rapuru area, Nellore Schist Belt, southern India: implications for back-arc basin magmatism and its relevance to the Columbia supercontinent assembly
Authors: Meshram Tushar , Mahapatro Satya Narayana , Aravind J. K. , Dora M. L. , Baswani Srinivasa R. , Gopalakrishna G. , Meshram Rajkumar R. , Sesha Sai V. V. , Randive Kirtikumar , Dash Jitendra K.
Published: September 2021

This study reports on two lamprophyre dykes from the Rapuru area along the margin of the Eastern Dharwar Craton (EDC) and the Nellore Schist Belt (NSB). The Rapuru lamprophyre (RL) dykes are situated along the southern extension of the Prakassam Alkaline Province (PAP). The RL dykes are deformed, yet still preserve a porphyritic–panidiomorphic texture, with mica phenocrysts, and amphibole and feldspars in the groundmass. Geochemically, the RL dykes have a low Mg# (0.28–0.37), and Ni (30–60 ppm) and Cr (119–228 ppm) concentrations that indicate their evolved nature, such as for other reported lamprophyres from the PAP and EDC. This is further supported by Sr–Nd isotopic ratios that show an affinity towards a mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)–ocean island basalt (OIB)-like signature and a juvenile magmatic nature. The RL seems to have been affected by two major influences, namely, the primary source region, which is geochemically juvenile similar to the compositional field of enriched-MORB, and the continental lithosphere. Such magmas are known to have formed in a back-arc-basin environment. The initial
87
Sr/
86
Sr ratio (
c.
0.7012–0.7045) and initial
ε
Nd
ratios (3.13–7.93) are in line with back-arc basin basalts recorded in other parts of the world. The field observations and bulk-rock Sr–Nd radiogenic isotope values in the present study support the Paleoproterozoic nature of the RL. This concurrence of juvenile radiogenic isotopes and fluid-related trace element compositions apparently suggest dehydration of a subducted-slab-triggered metasomatism of the overlying mantle wedge in a subduction-related geodynamic setting. Such intrusive lamprophyre rocks of older ages are limited in India as well as other parts of the world. The 2.1 and 1.8 Ga rocks are widely considered to represent the initial accretion and final break-up of an erstwhile Columbia supercontinent assembly. We argue that the RL were formed in the Paleoproterozoic during the waxing stages of the Columbia supercontinent assembly in a back-arc basin environment, most probably due to the low degree of partial melting of the asthenosphere–lithospheric interaction caused by the introduction of an influx of subduction components into the arc–back-arc basin system.
LncRNA GAS5 protects against TGF-β-induced renal fibrosis via the Smad3/miRNA-142-5p axis
Authors: Zhang Ying-Ying , Tan Rui-Zhi , Yu Ying , Niu Yang-Yang , Yu Chen
Published: September 2021

In this work, we mainly discuss long noncoding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5), acting in a renoprotective role via the Smad3/miRNA-142-5p axis, that modulates extracellular matrix formation and cell apoptosis. Overexpression of GAS5 effectively blocked renal fibrosis in vitro. This study reveals that GAS5 may represent as a novel and precision therapeutic target for alleviating renal fibrosis.
Questioning the renoprotective role of L-type calcium channel blockers in chronic kidney disease using physiological modeling
Authors: Moore Kyle H. , Clemmer John S.
Published: September 2021

Our physiological model replicates clinical trial results and provides unique insights into possible mechanisms that play a role in glomerular injury and hypertensive kidney disease progression during chronic calcium channel blocker (CCB) therapy. Specifically, these simulations predict the temporal changes in renal function with CCB treatment and demonstrate important roles for tubuloglomerular feedback and efferent arteriolar conductance in the control of chronic kidney disease progression.
Clinical Significance of Hyperdense Lesions on Non-enhanced Brain CT Obtained Immediately after Arterial Revascularization in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Wang Changbin , Yin Zudong , Zhang Xinyi , Zhao Xiumin
Published: September 2021

Purpose. To analyze the characteristics of hyperdense lesions on brain CT conducted immediately after arterial revascularization (AR) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), track the outcome of those lesions and investigate their clinical significance. Materials and Methods. 97 AIS patients were enrolled in our study. Among them, 52 patients showed hyperdense lesions and were divided into three categories: type I, type II and type III according to the morphologic characteristics of hyperdense lesions. All patients underwent several follow-up CT/MR examinations to visualize the outcomes of the lesions. Results. Among the 52 patients, 22 showed contrast extravasation, 23 displayed contrast extravasation combined with hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and 7 confirmed symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH) in follow-up CT/MR. Among the without hyperdense lesions group, only 7 converted to hemorrhage, and no SICH occurred. All type I lesions showed contrast extravasation; 23 type II lesions turned to hemorrhage, 2 revealed SICH and 6 were pure contrast extravasation; all of the type III developed into SICH. Conclusion. Hyperdense lesions on non-enhanced brain CT obtained immediately after arterial revascularization (AR) exhibited varying features. Type I indicated a pure contrast extravasation. Type II and type III hyperdense lesions suggested higher incidence of HT, the presence of type III lesions indicated an ominous outcome.
Comparison and Analysis of the Influence of Different Data Transformation Methods on the Fault Identification of Flexible DC Transmission Lines by Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Ding Can , Wang Zhenyi , Ding Qingchang , Nie Taiping
Published: September 2021

In the fault classification and identification of flexible DC transmission lines, it is inevitable to use the voltage and current characteristics of the transmission line. All kinds of data transformation methods can highlight the hidden characteristics of the original fault electrical quantity. Various artificial intelligence algorithms can further reduce the difficulty of transmission line fault classification. For such fault classification methods, this paper first builds a four-terminal flexible direct current transmission system model on PSCAD/EMTDC platform and obtains data by simulating different faults of transmission lines. Then, empirical mode decomposition (EMD), wavelet transform (WT), fast Fourier transform (FFT), and variational mode decomposition (VMD) are performed on the obtained data, respectively. Finally, the transformed data and original data are used as inputs to classify by convolutional neural network (CNN). The influence of one data transformation method and different combinations of two data transformation methods on CNN classification results is explored. The simulation results show that when only one data transformation method is used, CNN has the best classification effect for the data after VMD transformation. The classification accuracy and recall rate are both increased from 96.9% and 96.3% without data transformation to 99.88%. When VMD and FFT are combined, CNN classification results’ accuracy and recall rate are further improved to 99.96%.
An Investigation into Major Causes for Postharvest Losses of Horticultural Crops and Their Handling Practice in Debre Markos, North-Western Ethiopia
Authors: Yeshiwas Yebirzaf , Tadele Esubalew
Published: September 2021

In developing countries, food systems are mainly characterized by unorganized, traditional supply chains, and limited market infrastructure. Bulk quantity of the harvested produce is lost every year because of the absence of proper postharvest handling and management practices. The current study was conducted to estimate and identify the major causes for postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables in Debre Markos, north-western Ethiopia. Forty respondents who were retailing fruits and vegetables were randomly selected and qualitative and quantitative data were collected by using direct market observation and semistructured questioners. The result of the present study revealed significant differences between sociodemographic factors, handling practices, and postharvest loss. Educational status, selling experience, and packaging material have a significant relationship with postharvest loss. A significant difference was obtained among the transportation methods used, the selling place, storage methods, and materials. The result also indicated that fewer than 20 percent of respondents practiced selling fruits and vegetables in the resident mini shop. The majority of damaged produce was sold at a discount price. Retailers do not have formal knowledge of postharvest handling practices. The average postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables were estimated to be five to eighty-three percent of the market share. Mainly, during retailing, rotting, mechanical damage, poor handling, improper management of temperature and relative humidity, and hygiene problems during handling are among the major causes of postharvest losses. To reduce the high postharvest loss and supply quality products for consumers throughout the year, intervention activities such as the construction of permanent selling place for perishables, practicing various evaporative cooling technologies, outset training, awareness creation, and infrastructures should be effectively and urgently addressed.
[Retracted] Contrast and Synthetic Multiexposure Fusion for Image Enhancement
Authors: Albahar Marwan Ali
Published: September 2021

Many hardware and software advancements have been made to improve image quality in smartphones, but unsuitable lighting conditions are still a significant impediment to image quality. To counter this problem, we present an image enhancement pipeline comprising synthetic multi‐image exposure fusion and contrast enhancement robust to different lighting conditions. In this paper, we propose a novel technique of generating synthetic multi‐exposure images by applying gamma correction to an input image using different values according to its luminosity for generating multiple intermediate images, which are then transformed into a final synthetic image by applying contrast enhancement. We observed that our proposed contrast enhancement technique focuses on specific regions of an image resulting in varying exposure, colors, and details for generating synthetic images. Visual and statistical analysis shows that our method performs better in various lighting scenarios and achieves better statistical naturalness and discrete entropy scores than state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Penetration and Pullout Capacity of Low‐Skirted Suction Caissons
Authors: Wang Mingyuan , Liu Xiaoke , Cheng Xinglei , Lu Qun , Lu Jiaqing , Wang Miao
Published: September 2021

The bearing capacity of suction caissons is the key to the design of offshore structures. A new type of cross‐shaped low‐skirted suction caisson is invented to effectively improve the bearing capacity, considering inevitable “soil plug” phenomenon. The behaviors of penetration and pullout for new low‐skirted suction caisson are investigated by performing model tests. A new formula for calculating the penetration resistance is suggested based on the limit equilibrium theory and the test data, which can consider the change of the lateral area of the suction caisson during penetration. The behaviors of low‐skirted suction caisson under inclined loading are analyzed by carrying out finite element simulation. The effects of loading angles and loading positions on the ultimate bearing capacity and failure mechanism of low‐skirted suction caissons are discussed. The research results can provide a reference for the design of suction bucket foundation for offshore structures.
Stability Analysis of the Shiliushubao Landslide Based on Deformation Characteristics and External Trigger Factors in the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors: Luo Guilin , Ren Guangming , Bao Xiaojun , Yang Xili , Liu Teng
Published: September 2021

There exists the problem of landslide reactivation due to the seasonal fluctuation of rainfall and reservoir water level annually. Based on a large number of GPS monitoring data of the landslide mass after impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir in Shiliushubao landslide area, the relationship between the external trigger factors and slope stability could be obtained. A finite element calculation model has been established for the stability analysis of the Shiliushubao landslide after impoundment from January 2004 to October 2009. Through the deformation characteristics of the landslide, it is shown that the landslide exhibited a stepwise pattern on the whole, which developed faster after impoundment and slowed down in rainy seasons. The trend of the curve kept roughly opposite to the fluctuation of the safety factor. It suggested that the stability of the landslide mass was closely related to the seasonal fluctuation of the rainfall and the reservoir level, and the landslide deposits demonstrated to be reactive with them. The subject provides a certain reference value on the landslide stability analysis and the risk assessment within a similar engineering geological condition.
Solitary Intrathyroid Metastasis Occurring 23 Years after Resection of Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Vandemergel X.
Published: September 2021

A case of solitary intrathyroid metastasis is described in a 60-year-old male patient. He had a history of renal cell carcinoma classified as T1b resected 23 years earlier. A mass was palpable in the right thyroid lobe. Ultrasound showed a hypoechoic polylobular nodule with intense vascularisation in the right lobe. Fine needle aspiration cytology was normal, but thyroidectomy was performed due to mass enlargement, the ultrasound pattern, and the oncological history. Histological examination revealed the presence of an intrathyroid metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. The bone scan and thoracoabdominal CT scan were normal. Postoperative care was uneventful.
A CDFT-Based Computational Peptidology (CDFT-CP) Study of the Chemical Reactivity and Bioactivity of the Marine-Derived Alternaramide Cyclopentadepsipeptide
Authors: Flores-Holguín Norma , Frau Juan , Glossman-Mitnik Daniel
Published: September 2021

Alternaramide is a cyclic pentadepsipeptide isolated from marine sources that has been shown to present weak antibiotic activity against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus as well as inhibitory effects on inflammatory mediator expressions. Thus, this work reports the results of a computational study of the chemical reactivity and bioactivity properties of this cyclopentadepsipeptide considering a CDFT-based computational peptidology (CDFT-CP) methodology that results from the combination of the chemical reactivity descriptors that arise from conceptual density functional theory (CDFT) together with some cheminformatics tools that can be used to estimate the associated physicochemical parameters, to improve the process of virtual screening through a similarity search, and to identify the ability of the peptide to behave as a potential useful drug, complemented with an analysis of its bioactivity and pharmacokinetics indices related to the ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) features. The results represent a new confirmation of the superiority of the MN12SX density functional in the fulfilment of the Janak and ionization energy theorems through the proposed KID procedure. This has been useful for the accurate prediction of the CDFT reactivity descriptors that help in understanding the chemical reactivity. The computational pharmacokinetics study revealed the potential ability of alternaramide as a therapeutic drug by interacting with GPCR ligands and protease inhibitors. The ADMET indices confirm this assertion through the absence of toxicity and good absorption and distribution properties.
Optimization of Damage Equivalent Accelerated Test Spectrum Derivation Using Multiple Non‐Gaussian Vibration Data
Authors: Xu Fei , Ahlin Kjell , Wang Binyi
Published: September 2021

The response spectra are widely used in the damage assessment of non‐Gaussian random vibration environments and the derivation of damage equivalent accelerated test spectrum. The effectiveness of the latter is strongly affected by modal parameter uncertainties, multiple field data processing, and the nonsmooth shape of the derived power spectral density (PSD). Optimization of accelerated test spectrum derivation based on dynamic parameter selection and iterative update of spectrum envelope is presented in this paper. The extreme response spectrum (ERS) envelope of the field data is firstly taken as the limiting spectrum, and the corresponding relationship between damping coefficient, fatigue exponent, and damage equivalent PSD under different test times is constructed to achieve the dynamic selection of uncertain parameters in the response spectrum model. Then, an iterative update model based on the weighted sum of fatigue damage spectrum (FDS) error is presented to reduce the error introduced by the nonsmooth shape of the derived PSD. The case study shows that undertest can be effectively avoided by the dynamic selection of model parameters. The weighted error is reduced from 80.1% to 7.5% after 7 iterations. Particularly, the error is close to 0 within the peak and valley frequency band.
Testing Internal Quality Control of Clinical Laboratory Data Using Paired t‐Test under Uncertainty
Authors: Albassam Mohammed , Aslam Muhammad
Published: September 2021

The existing paired t‐test under classical statistics cannot be applied when the data is obtained from the complex process, having interval, uncertainty, indeterminacy, and incompleteness. In this paper, the modification of the paired t‐test under neutrosophic statistics is proposed. The testing criterion of the proposed paired t‐test is given. The application of the proposed paired t‐test is given using the interval quality control of clinical laboratory data. From the analysis, it can be seen than the proposed test is quite effective and informative to apply for testing the measurement tools in the clinical laboratory.
The Implementation of Diverse Actuation System in ACPR1000 Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Wang Zhen-Ying , Liu Zhi-Yun , Ma Ting-Wei , Sun Chen , Liu Liu , Huang Yu , Guo Gang-Miao
Published: September 2021

In order to improve the capability of dealing with software common cause failure (CCF) of digital reactor protection and monitoring system (RPMS), the diverse actuation system (DAS) is introduced for ACPR1000 nuclear power plants. From economic and feasibility point of view, the solution of DAS sharing with RPMS sensors and actuators is suggested; after capturing the function requirement of DAS, the automatic functions and manual functions assigned to it are determined based on transient analysis of design basic accidents concurrent with software CCF of RPMS. The independent verification proves that the reactor can be fallen back to and maintained at safety shutdown state, thanks to these DAS functions. Insight into probabilistic safety assessment proves significant reductions of risks are contributed. The critical technical issues while implementing DAS, such as measures to ensure its diversity from RPMS, precautions for preventing from its spurious actuation, isolation and independency from RPMS, and its testability and maintainability, are deliberately settled to improve its engineering reliability and alleviate the impact on RPMS as far as possible. Field programmable gate array technology that is diversified from RPMS is chosen to build DAS of ACPR1000 nuclear power plant, and the commissioning test verifies that it is capable of performing its designed functions. At last, a set of DAS-specific, paper-based, and event-oriented emergency operating procedure is developed, verified, and validated. Until now, the DAS system has always been successfully operating in all ACPR1000 nuclear power plants for several years.
Casing Collapse Strength Analysis under Nonuniform Loading Using Experimental and Numerical Approach
Authors: Li Dongfeng , Yu Fu , Fan Heng , Wang Rui , Yang Shangyu , Yan Xiangzhen
Published: September 2021

Multistage fracturing is the main means of shale gas development, and casing deformation frequently occurs during fracturing of shale gas horizontal wells. Fracturing fluid entering the formation will change in situ stress nearby the wellbore. The changes of in situ stress are mainly reflected in the following two aspects: one is the increase of in situ stress and the other is the nonuniformity of in situ stress along the wellbore. And it is for this reason that the production casing is more likely to collapse under the nonuniform in situ stress load. According to the service conditions of production casing in shale gas reservoir, this paper studied the casing deformation and the collapsing strength subjected to the nonuniform loading by the experimental and numerical simulation method. The results show that under the condition of nonuniform loading, (1) the diameter variation rate of the casing reduces with the increase in the ratio of sample to tooling length. When the ratio is less than 3, the casing collapse strength will be significantly reduced. And when the ratio is greater than 6, the impact of sample length on casing collapse strength can be ignored. (2) The increase in the applied loading angle will decrease the diameter variation rate. When the loading angle increases from 0° to 90°, the critical load value increases from 1600 kN to 4000 kN. (3) The increase in load unevenness coefficient will rapidly decrease the casing collapse strength. When the load unevenness coefficient n is 0.8, the casing collapse strength reduces to 60%, and when the load unevenness coefficient n is 0, the casing collapse strength reduces to 28%. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of casing damage mechanism in volume fracturing of shale gas horizontal well and guide the selection of multistage fracturing casing type and fracturing interval design.
Combining Fluorescent Cell Sorting and Single B Cell Amplification to Screen the Monoclonal Antibody Gene against Human Glypican-1 in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Huang Mi , Ma Yingying , Gao Xiaoyan , Li Xinyang , Ding Quan , Liu Chuxin , Liu Xiaopan , Zhang Hang , Yang Naibo
Published: September 2021

In this report, one novel method has been developed to screen the monoclonal antibody against human pancreatic cancer biomarker glypican-1 (GPC1) through the combination of fluorescent cell sorting and single B cell amplification. GPC1-positive B cells were sorted out from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by fluorescent cell sorting after the GPC1 immunization to the New Zealand white rabbit. Then, total RNA was extracted and reversely transcribed into cDNA, which was used as the template, and the variable region sequences of both heavy and light chains were amplified from the same B cell. Next, their recombinant antibody was expressed and purified from the human 293T cell after the antibody gene amplification and expression vector construction. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry assays were used to determine the antibody affinity. The antibody named GPC-12 that we screened and obtained was proven to have natural heavy-light chain pairing information, and it was highly specific to the GPC1 antigen, and the affinity could reach 1 × 10−7 M. Overall, an effective and novel method has been successfully developed to screen the antibody by combining the fluorescent cell sorting and single-cell amplifying technologies, which was proved to be workable in our setting.
A Hybrid Reliable Routing Algorithm Based on LQI and PRR in Industrial Wireless Networks
Authors: Li Jie , Pan Yang , Ni Shijian , Wang Feng
Published: September 2021

In Industrial Wireless Networks (IWNs), the communication through Machine‐to‐Machine (M2M) is often affected by the noise in the industrial environment, which leads to the decline of communication reliability. In this paper, we investigate how to improve route stability through M2M in an industrial environment. We first compare different link quality estimations, such as Signal‐Noise Ratio (SNR), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Link Quality Indicator (LQI), Packet Reception Ratio (PRR), and Expected Transmission Count (ETX). We then propose a link quality estimation combining LQI and PRR. Finally, we propose a Hybrid Link Quality Estimation‐Based Reliable Routing (HLQEBRR) algorithm for IWNs, with the object of maximizing link stability. In addition, HLQEBRR provides a recovery mechanism to detect node failure, which improves the speed and accuracy of node recovery. OMNeT++‐based simulation results demonstrate that our HLQEBRR algorithm significantly outperforms the Collection Tree Protocol (CTP) algorithm in terms of end‐to‐end transmission delay and packet loss ratio, and the HLQEBRR algorithm achieves higher reliability at a small additional cost.
Health Evaluation and Fault Diagnosis of Medical Imaging Equipment Based on Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Zhao Zhenwei , Jiang Weining , Gao Weidong
Published: September 2021

In recent years, high‐precision medical equipment, especially large‐scale medical imaging equipment, is usually composed of circuit, water, light, and other structures. Its structure is cumbersome and complex, so it is difficult to detect and diagnose the health status of medical imaging equipment. Based on the vibration signal of mechanical equipment, a PLSR‐DNN hybrid network model for health prediction of medical equipment is proposed by using partial least squares regression (PLSR) algorithm and deep neural networks (DNNs). At the same time, in the diagnosis of medical imaging equipment fault, the paper proposes to use rough set to screen the fault factors and then use BP neural network to classify and identify the fault and analyzes the practical application effect of the two technologies. The results show that the PLSR‐DNN hybrid network model for health prediction of medical imaging equipment is basically consistent with the actual health value of medical equipment; medical imaging equipment fault diagnosis technology is based on rough set and BP neural network. In the test set, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of medical imaging equipment fault identification are 75.0%, 83.3%, and 85.0%. The above results show that the proposed health prediction method and fault diagnosis method of medical imaging equipment have good performance in health prediction and fault diagnosis of medical equipment.
Optimal Agent Framework: A Novel, Cost‐Effective Model Articulation to Fill the Integration Gap between Agent‐Based Modeling and Decision‐Making
Authors: Taghavi Abolfazl , Khaleghparast Sharif , Eshghi Kourosh
Published: September 2021

Making proper decisions in today’s complex world is a challenging task for decision makers. A promising approach that can support decision makers to have a better understanding of complex systems is agent‐based modeling (ABM). ABM has been developing during the last few decades as a methodology with many different applications and has enabled a better description of the dynamics of complex systems. However, the prescriptive facet of these applications is rarely portrayed. Adding a prescriptive decision‐making (DM) aspect to ABM can support the decision makers in making better or, in some cases, optimized decisions for the complex problems as well as explaining the investigated phenomena. In this paper, first, the literature of DM with ABM is inquired and classified based on the methods of integration. Performing a scientometric analysis on the relevant literature lets us conclude that the number of publications attempting to integrate DM and ABM has not grown during the last two decades, while analysis of the current methodologies for integrating DM and ABM indicates that they have serious drawbacks. In this regard, a novel nature‐inspired model articulation called optimal agent framework (OAF) has been proposed to ameliorate the disadvantages and enhance the realization of proper decisions in ABM at a relatively low computational cost. The framework is examined with the Bass diffusion model. The results of the simulation for the customized model developed by OAF have verified the feasibility of the framework. Moreover, sensitivity analyses on different agent populations, network structures, and marketing strategies have depicted the great potential of OAF to find the optimal strategies in various stochastic and unconventional conditions which have not been addressed prior to the implementation of the framework.