bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genees & Kunst 8: Eighth Biannual Symposium on Medical Problems of Dancers & Musicians, Revalidatie Friesland, Beetsterzwaag, April 4, 2009
Authors: de Haas G.J.F. (Gert-Jan) , Winterkorn-Pierrot C.I.C.A. (Camilla)
Published: March 2021

On Saturday, April 4th, 2009, the Dutch Performing Arts Medicine Association (NVDMG) organized a scientific and artistic symposium Genees & Kunst 8 for its 8th member assembly, at Revalidatie Friesland (Rehabilitation Friesland) Rehabilitation Centre, in Beetsterzwaag, The Netherlands.
The assembly was co-hosted by Mr. G.J.F. (Gert-Jan) de Haas, Vice-chairman of NVDMG and head of the Psychology and Psychiatry Department of the Medical Centre for Dancers & Musicians (MCDM), K.H. (Kees-Hein) Woldendorp, MD, rehabilitation specialist and musician in Revalidatie Friesland,
and Prof. S.K. (Sjoerd) Bulstra, MD, PhD, orthopaedic surgeon and head of the Orthopaedic Department of the University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG). In addition, Revalidatie Friesland celebrated the 10th anniversary of the musicians' outpatient clinic led by K.H. Woldendorp, MD.
Disparities in clinical and demographic characteristics among Asian/Pacific Islander and Non-Hispanic White newly diagnosed lung cancer patients
Authors: Patel Parth Bhargav , Alpert Naomi , Taioli Emanuela , Flores Raja
Published: March 2021

Purpose
Racial disparities persist among lung cancer (LC) patients but have not been adequately studied among Asian/Pacific Islander (API) subgroups, which are heterogeneous. This study compared clinical and demographic characteristics at diagnosis of API subgroups and NHW patients.
Methods
NHW and API adults diagnosed with LC were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (1990–2015). API was divided into 8 subgroups: Filipino, Chinese, Japanese, Asian Indian/Pakistani, Korean, Vietnamese, Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, and Other. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess independent associations of clinical and demographic factors with API/subgroup.
Results
There were 522,702 (92.6%) NHW and 41,479 (7.4%) API LC patients. API were significantly younger (ORadj: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.49–0.58 for ≥ 80 vs. ≤39 years) than NHW. All subgroups followed a similar trend except Japanese patients. API and subgroups were less often female (ORadj: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.83–0.86), and unmarried (ORadj: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.69–0.74), except for Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders who were more often unmarried. API and subgroups were more frequently diagnosed at a later stage (ORadj: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.27–1.35 for stage IV vs. stage I). API had significantly less squamous cell carcinoma (ORadj: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.52–0.55, compared to adenocarcinoma), with varying effects by subgroup. (range: ORadj[Vietnamese]: 0.37 to ORadj [Hawaiian/Pacific Islander]: 0.89).
Conclusion
At diagnosis, there are significant differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between NHW, API, and API subgroups. Treating API patients as a single population may overlook biological, environmental and behavioral differences that might be beneficial in designing prevention strategies and treatment.
On the basis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, to form papillary thyroid carcinoma, metastasized and then to de-differentiate into poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Huang Jian , Ren Xinle , Wang Hen , Zhu Di , Wang Jilin , Luo Yi , Lin Biyun , Ou Yongfang , Chen Yonghua , Lin Biyun , Zhang Zhi , Xu Tuo , Lu Rongxi , Wang Dong , Zhou Hechao , Huang Bing
Published: March 2021

Background: Thyroid squamous cell carcinoma is very rare. At present, it is limited to case reports. Since the thyroid follicular epithelium is the non-squamous epithelium, how primary squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the thyroid occurs is still a controversial issue. Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT) is considered to be an independent risk factor for thyroid cancer, under the basis of HT, how tumor cells evolve and develop to papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC), and particularly to de-differentiate into SCC is elusive.Patient: We report a 72-year-old female patient who developed multiple subtypes of PTC on a basis of HT, and finally to de-differentiate into SCC within the local foci of lymph node metastasis. Summary: We found that there was a variety of sub-types of PTC in this patient in the background of HT. SCC was found within local lymph node metastasis. Pathomorphology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular pathology have confirmed that SCC was derived from PTC, and then developed into poorly differentiated SCC and/or anaplastic carcinoma. We also conducted a comprehensive literature review.Conclusions: Thyroid SCC is derived from PTC and de-differentiated into poor differentiated SCC and/or anaplastic carcinoma, which is the result of the continuous evolution of PTC. It is suggested that the prognosis of the patient is very poor.
Pien-Tze-Huang attenuates neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats partially through the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway
Authors: Zhang Xiao-qin , Zhang Qing , Huang Li-li , Liu Ming-zhen , Cheng Zai-xing , Zheng Yan-fang , Xu Wen , Lu Jin-Jian , Liu Jian , Huang Mingqing
Published: March 2021

Background

Pien-Tze-Huang (PTH), one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines in China, is traditionally applied to treat various inflammation-related diseases including stroke. However, literature regarding the anti-inflammatory effects and possible mechanisms of PTH in ischemic stroke is unavailable. This study intended to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of PTH against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and clarify its potential molecular mechanisms.
Methods

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced through transient left transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in male rats receiving oral pretreatment with PTH (180 mg/kg) for 4 days. TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 (3 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally at 1.5 h after MCAO. Magnetic resonance imaging, hematoxylin–eosin staining, RT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence methods were used to studied the effect and mechanism of PTH against ischemic stroke.
Results

PTH treatment reduced cerebral infarct volume, improved neurological function, and ameliorated brain histopathological damage in MCAO rats. In addition, it markedly suppressed a variety of inflammatory responses as evidenced by the reduced mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1; the inhibition of microglia and astrocyte activations; and the decreased protein expressions of iNOS and COX-2 in injured brains. Moreover, PTH down-regulated the protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, and TRAF6; reduced the expression and NF-κB; and lowered the protein expressions of p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, and p-p38. Similar effects were observed in the TAK-242 treated group. However, TAK-242 did not significantly reinforce the anti-inflammatory effects of PTH.
Conclusion

PTH could attenuate neuroinflammation, improve neurological function, and alleviate brain injury in MCAO rats, and its potential mechanisms are partly connected to inhibition of neuroinflammation involving the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway.
Fast Location and Isolation of Phenanthrene-degrading Halophilic Microbial Community and its Degradation Pathway
Authors: Peng Peng , Yuan Linjie , Li Qing , Wang Chaobei , Shen Taiming , Xie Qinglin
Published: March 2021

Microbial consortium WZ-4, which could degrade phenanthrene (PHE) as the main carbon and energy source, was isolated from the aerobic sludge of Weizhou wastewater treatment plant. Under the condition of high salinity (3%), the degradation of PHE (100 mg/L) was 87.76% in 7d. Its metabolites, genome sequence and biodegradation pathway were studied. The main metabolites include 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthalene, 5,6-benzocoumarin and phthalic acid. 12 PHE degrading enzyme genes appeared in the metagenome sequencing of WZ-4, and the genes involved in PHE degradation were included phdE, phdF, phdG, and pcaL. Based on the metabolites detected by GC-MS and the potential PHE-degrading genes identified by BLAST search, biodegradation pathway of PHE by WZ-4 was predicted.
Dietary habits and per-meal protein intake among older adults: Associations with visceral proteins
Authors: Nygård Linda Kornstad , Dahl Lisbeth , Mundal Ingunn , Rokstad Anne Marie Mork
Published: March 2021

Background: There is emerging evidence that per meal intake of protein might influence the anabolic effects of protein intake. Visceral proteins are commonly used as biomarkers of protein nutrition status. However, associations between visceral proteins and different aspects of protein intake, like per meal intake and protein sources, are rarely examined.Method: In a cross-sectional study of 92 adults aged 65 years or older protein intake (all day, breakfast, lunch, dinner and evening meal) and number of meals with ≥30g protein were assessed by a 24h multiple pass method. Dietary habits were assessed by a frequency questionnaire, and nutritional status by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Blood samples were analyzed for serum albumin, pre-albumin and retinol-binding protein (RBP), and associations with nutrition assessed with correlation analyses and t-tests for difference between groups. Result: More than one meal with ≥30g protein was reported by 10% of the participants, and 28% of the participants did not reach an intake of 30g in any of their meals. Albumin, prealbumin and RBP was not associated with protein intake in total or per meal.Further, the biomarkers were not significantly different compared to participants with at least one meal with ≥30g protein. Conclusions: This study demonstrated infrequent intake of meals with ≥30g protein and no associations with biomarkers. Larger studies should assess per meal intake of protein to gain knowledge of possible health effects of protein eating patterns in elderly. Trial registrationThis study report baseline assessments from a randomised controlled study pre-registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov with the unique identifier NCT02890290.
RF and Crosstalk Analysis of Copper and MLGNR Interconnects Using Different Repeaters in Sub-10 nm Regime
Authors: Kaur Manjit , Kumar Sanjeev , Raj Balwinder , Gupta Neena , Singh Arun Kumar
Published: March 2021

This paper presents RF and crosstalk analysis of Copper (Cu) and multi-layer Graphene nanoribbon (MLGNR) based interconnects using Fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) and virtual-source carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNFET) based repeater insertions in sub-10 nm regime. The SPICE based analysis utilizes an accurate π-type equivalent single conductor (ESC) model for mutually coupled interconnects at 7 nm technology node. The transfer function and 3-dB bandwidth results of lithium-doped MLGNRs offer many fold improved RF performance than Cu. The out-of-phase crosstalk induced (OPXT) delay results with FinFET repeaters demonstrate 27.54 and 67.6 % reductions for pristine and lithium-doped MLGNRs as compared to Cu, whereas CNFET repeaters demonstrate 20.48 and 81.88 % reductions at interconnect length of 1000 µm. The peak far-end crosstalk (FEXT) noise voltage results demonstrate 86.03 and 62.5 % using FinFET repeaters and 88.14 and 69.9 % reductions using CNFET repeaters for pristine and Li-doped MLGNRs than Cu at 1000 µm length. Further, the energy-delay-product (EDP) results demonstrate 59.7 and 97 % reductions using FinFET repeaters for pristine and Li-doped MLGNRs than Cu at length of 1000 µm. The EDP results using CNFET repeaters exhibit 34 % degradations for pristine-MLGNRs than Cu while Li-MLGNR exhibit 98.61% reductions than Cu at length of 1000 µm.
Efficient Utilization of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) in Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) Using Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA)
Authors: T BALACHANDER , B Mukesh Krishnan M
Published: March 2021

In the recent past, efficient cooperative spectrum sensing and usage are playing a vital role in wireless communication because of the significant progress of mobile devices. There is a recent surge and interest on Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) focused on communication powered by wireless mode. In modern research, more attention has been focused on efficient and accurate Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA). NOMA wireless communication is highly adapted with Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) for improving performance. In the existing cognitive radio network, the secondary users could be able to access the idle available spectrum while primary users are engaged. In the traditional CRN, the primary user’s frequency bands are sensed as free, the secondary users could be utilized those bands of frequency resources. In this research, the novel methodology is proposed for cooperative spectrum sensing in CRN for 5G wireless communication using NOMA. The higher cooperative spectrum efficiency can be detected in the presence of channel noise. Cooperative spectrum sensing is used to improve the efficient utilization of spectrum. The spectrum bands with license authority primary user are shared by Secondary Users (SU) by simultaneously transmitting information with Primary Users (PU). The cooperative spectrum sensing provides well under the circumstances that the different channel interference to the primary user can be guaranteed to be negligible than an assured thresholding value. The Noisy Channel State Information (CSI) like AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels are considered as wireless transmission mediums for transmitting a signal using Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) NOMA to increase the number of users. The proposed NOMA is fascinated with significant benefits in CRN is an essential wireless communication method for upcoming 5G technology. From experimental results it has been proved that the novel methodology performance is efficient and accurate than existing methodologies by showing graphical representations and tabulated parameters.
Lifestyle Modification Practice and Associated Factors among Diagnosed Hypertensive Patients in Selected Hospitals in West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Wakjira Hika , Gobena Tesfaye , Shore Hirbo
Published: March 2021

Background: Globally 1.13 billion peoples were living with hypertension, Out of this two-thirds of them were living in low and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, Non Communicable Disease deaths are estimated at around 42%. However, it remain widely undetected and poorly controlled. To resolve these, lifestyle modification approach that often overlooked are corner stone of the prevention and management of hypertension.Objective: To assess lifestyle modification practice and associated factors among hypertensive patients in selected hospitals in West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional, Ethiopia December 7 to 21, 2019.Method: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the selected public hospital among 299 hypertensive patients. Systemic random sampling method were used to select the study participants. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire by trained data collectors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression method to identify predictors of the outcome (p<0.05).Results: Of the total participants, only 25.2% (95% CI: 18.8-32.9) of the patients were practice recommended lifestyle modifications. Patients Age older than 65 years (AOR=2.9, 95% CI: 1.17-7.0), the patients with 2-5 years’ time since diagnoses hypertension (AOR=0.26, 95%CI: 0.07-0.9), multiple co-morbidity (AOR=2.7, 95% CI: 1.25-5.8) and their knowledge on hypertension management (AOR=14.6, 95% CI: 4.6-45.9) have an independently associated with recommended lifestyle modification.Conclusion: Lifestyle modification practices among hypertensive patients were low in this study. Age, comorbidity, time since diagnoses of hypertension and knowledge of lifestyle were identified as predictors of the outcome.
Risk Factors and Predictive Value of Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Elderly Patients With Gastrointestinal Tumors
Authors: Li Yongli , Huang Hui-Fan , Le Yuan
Published: March 2021

Background: This study aims to investigate the risk factors of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) mainly including postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors, and evaluate its predictive value.Methods: A total of 222 eligible elderly patients (≥65 years) scheduled for elective gastroenterectomy under general anesthesia were enrolled. The cognitive function assessment was carried out 1 day before surgery and 7 days after surgery. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of risk factors for early POCD. The risk factors for POCD were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression mode.Results: Of all the 222 enrolled patients, 91 (41.0%) developed early POCD and 40 (18.0%) were identified as major POCD within 7 days after the surgery. Visual analogue score (VAS, 1st day, resting) ≥4 (OR=7.618[3.231–17.962], P<0.001) and alcohol exposure (OR= 2.398[1.174–4.900], P=0.016) were independent risk factors for early POCD. VAS score (1st, resting) ≥4 (OR=13.823[4.779–39.981], P<0.001), preoperative white blood cell (WBC) levels ≥10x10*9/L(OR=5.548[1.128-26.221], P=0.035), blood loss ≥500ml (OR=3.317[1.094-10.059], P=0.034), history of hypertension (OR=3.046[1.267-7.322], P=0.013), and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥2 (OR=3.261[1.020-10.419], P=0.046) were independent risk factors for major POCD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that VAS score (1st day, resting) was a significant predictor for major POCD with a cut-off value of 2.68 and an area under the curve of 0.860 (95% confidence interval: 0.801–0.920, P<0.001).Conclusions: The risk factors for early POCD after gastroenterectomy included high VAS score (1st day, resting) and alcohol exposure. High VAS score, preoperative WBC levels ≥10x10*9/L, blood loss ≥500ml, NLR ≥2, and history of hypertension were independent risk factors for major POCD. Among them, VAS score had a high predictive value.
Genotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of the Antifouling Biocide Chlorothalonil on the Estuarine Fish Micropogonias Furnieri, Desmarest, 1823
Authors: Castro Muryllo Santos , Penha Larissa Cristine Carvalho , Torres Thamires Alexsandra , Jorge Marianna Basso , Carvalho-Costa Luis Fernando , Fillmann Gilberto , Luvizotto-Santos Ricardo
Published: March 2021

Chlorothalonil is a widely used fungicide in agriculture, and as biocide in antifouling paints. Although it causes toxic effects on non-target organisms and can bioaccumulate in fish tissues, little is known about its sublethal effects. Thus, we evaluated the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of chlorothalonil in Micropogonias furnieri, an estuarine and commercially important fish with potential as a test organism for ecotoxicology assays. We showed that chlorothalonil exerts genotoxic (DNA damage) and mutagenic (micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities) in a dose-dependent manner (0.35 and 3.5 μg g-1). As the genomic instability may lead to carcinogenesis, our data can assist decision-makers with evidence for banning this compound since any benefit to portuary activities and maritime navigation is outweighed by the cost to aquatic ecosystems and to human health.
Clinico-Hematological and cytogenetic spectrum of adult myelodysplastic syndrome The first retrospective cross-sectional study in Iranian patients
Authors: Paridar Mostafa , Zibara Kazem , Ahmadi Seyed Esmaeil , Khosravi Abbas , Soleymani Maral , Azizi Ebrahim , Ghalesardi Omid Kiani
Published: March 2021

Background

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancy, has been shown to present different cytogenetic abnormalities, risk factors, and clinico-hematological features in different populations and geographic areas. Herein, we determined the cytogenetic spectrum and clinico-hematological features of Iranian MDS patients for the first time.
Methods

This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 103 patients with MDS in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran, from 2014 to 2018. Clinical presentations, complete blood counts (CBC), and bone marrow (BM) biopsy samples were assessed. Perls' staining was used to evaluate BM iron storage. The cytogenetic evaluation was performed using the conventional G banding method on the BM.
Results

Patients’ median age was 62.3 (ranged from 50–76), and the majority were male (72.8%). The most common clinical symptom at the time of admission was fatigue (n = 33) followed by pallor (n = 27). The most common subgroup was MDS-Multi Lineage Dysplasia (MDS-MLD) (n = 38, 36.8%), followed by MDS-Single Lineage Dysplasia (MDS-SLD) (n = 28, 18.4%). A normal karyotype was observed in 59 patients (57.3%), while 44 patients (42.7%) had cytogenetic abnormalities. Trisomy 8 (+ 8) was the most common cytogenetic abnormality (n = 14) followed by dell 17p (n = 9) and monosomy 7 (-7) (n = 7). Twelve patients (11.65 %) were transformed to AML.
Conclusion

Our data betokened that among our MDS patients, Trisomy 8 is the predominant cytogenetic abnormality, and MDS-MLD and MDS-SLD are the most common of subtypes. Noteworthy, the male: female ratio was slightly higher in Iran than in previous reports from other parts of the world. Our study is the first report of the clinical, hematological, and cytogenetic spectrum of MDS patients in Iran
Modification of the Classical Percutaneous Extraperitoneal Procedure for Pediatric Inguinal Hernia to Reduce Complications: A Multiple-Centered Comparison Study
Authors: Luo Zhi-bin , Tu Jing-rong , Shi Hong-guang , Du Zhi-yong , Xiang Xian-cai , Chi Shui-qing , Yang De-hua , Li Kang , Li Shuai , Tang Shao-tao
Published: March 2021

Single-site laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal ligation (SLPEL) for pediatric inguinal hernia gained popularity all over the world. However, complications associated with extraperitoneal knotting were not rare in the classical SLPEL(C-SLPEL) procedure. In order to overcome disadvantages, we herein developed the modified SLPEL (M-SLPEL) procedure, intact circuit ligation of the peritoneum around the internal ring using a homemade hernia needle with a single abdominal wall centesis. To evaluated the effectiveness of the M-SLPEL procedure to decrease adverse events associated with ligation knotting, a comparative study was carried out. A total of 3219 patients from multiple centers were divided into two groups according to the operative procedures: M-SLPEL group and C-SLPEL group. All patients were followed up. Data describing the clinical characteristics, operative time, postoperative hospital stay, and complications was collected and retrospectively analyzed. With equivalent operative time, postoperative hospital stay, there was statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of the overall complications incidence (2.6% in C-SLPEL Vs 0.11% in M-SLPEL, P=0.03), including pain in inguinal area, knot foreign body reaction, palpable knot, recurrence. Together, these findings suggest that the M-SLPEL procedure is an effective and safe approach, with unique advantage in reducing adverse events in the inguinal region.
Re-sequencing and transcriptomic analysis reveals rich DNA sequence variation and differential gene expression between varieties of Ziziphus jujuba
Authors: Li Na , Song Yuqin , Li Jie , Hao Ruijie , Feng Xinxin , Li Liulin
Published: March 2021

Background: Jujube is one of the characteristic fruit tree species in China. ‘Linhuang No. 1’, a cracking-resistant cultivar, and ‘Muzao’, a cracking-susceptible cultivar, were selected as materials by previous study. Whole-genome re-sequencing and transcriptome of ‘Linhuang No. 1’ and ‘Muzao’ allow the screening out of differently expressed genes with different gene structures between them. It could be helpful in explaining divergence/similarity of cracking resistance between the two cultivars.
Results: There are 664,129 mutation sites between ‘Linhuang No. 1’ and ‘Muzao’ by re-sequencing. To determine the genetic relationship of ‘Linhuang 1’, ‘Muzao’ and reference genome ‘Dongzao’, the characteristic mutation sites were analyzed by principal component analysis. The genetic relationship between ‘Linhuang No. 1’ and ‘Muzao’ was closer than that with ‘Dongzao’. A total of 431 differentially expressed genes was screened by transcriptomics, and 19 differentially expressed genes were screened by combining the transcriptomics with re-sequencing analysis. LOC107427052 (encoding nitrite reductase) was determined by KEGG enrichment analysis for further study.
Conclusions: The large base insertion was not in the domain region of the LOC107427052 gene CDS region. As verified by the finding that the base insertion did not affect protein translation. Our study has laid a foundation for the analysis of genetic information and the comparative nitrite metabolism of ‘Linhuang No. 1’ and ‘Muzao’.
Developmental Morphological Analyses on the Preglottal Salivary Gland in Japanese Quails (Coturnix Japonica)
Authors: Khalifa Mahmoud Osman , Abd-ElKareem Mahmoud , Gaber Wafaa , Li TS , Saleh Abdelmohaimen M.
Published: March 2021

To understand the development of the mucous preglottal salivary gland in Coturnix japonica (Japanese quail), morphological and histochemical studies were performed on 20 healthy Japanese quail embryos (aging from 10 th to 17 th incubation days) and 25 healthy quail chicks (aging from 0 th to 60 th days). The primordia of preglottal salivary gland was observed as an epithelial bud at the early embryonic stage, which then elongated and differentiated into secretory units by the end of this stage. In Japanese quails, the preglottal salivary gland was a mucous polystomatic tubulo-alveolar unpaired gland composed of two lateral portions and a middle one embedded into submucosa of the lingual root. The gland openings accompanied taste pore (8.17 μm) of taste buds associated salivary glands type; some skeletal muscle fibers embedded among secretory lobules extended from muscle cricohyoideus at 14 th day old quail chick. Also, both herbts corpuscles and secretory motor plexus could be detected among secretory lobules. Based on our investigations, the development of preglottal salivary gland could clearly be distinguished in the embryonic stage into prebud and bud stages at 10 th day old, cord and branching stages ended by cavitation at 11 th day old, canalization stage at 13 th day old, lobulation and secretory stages by the 17 th day old. This mucous secretion showed different histochemical reactions ended with highly alcinophilic mucous indicated highly sialomucin (acidic) content. Myoepithelial cells could be demonstrated at 17-day old quail embryo and there after, surrounded the secretory endpieces of the preglottal salivary gland.
Management of Chronic Knee Pain Caused by Postsurgical or Post-traumatic Neuroma of the Infrapatellar Branch of the Saphenous Nerve.
Authors: Regev Gilad J. , Shabat Dvir Ben , Khashan Morsi , Ofir Dror , Salame Khalil , Shapira Yuval , Kedem Ron , Lidar Zvi , Rochkind Shimon
Published: March 2021

Purpose: Injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve (IBSN) is a relatively common complication after knee surgery that can interfere with patient satisfaction and functional outcome. In some cases, trauma to this nerve can lead to the formation of a painful neuroma. The purpose of this study is to report the results of surgical treatment in a series of patients with IBSN painful neuroma.Methods: A retrospective review was made of 37 patients undergoing resection of IBSN neuroma at our institution, after failure of non-operative treatment for a minimum of 6 months.Results: Following surgery, 80% of the patients experienced statistically and clinically significant improvement in pain levels. The average NRS Pain score improved from 9.43±1.34 to 5.12±3.33 (p<0.001). The EQ-5D functional score improved from 10.48±2.33 to 7.84±2.19. Overall patient reported satisfaction from the surgical results was good to excellent in 72% of patients. Non-favorable prognosis was found to correlate with older age, multiple prior orthopedic surgeries at the knee area and failed prior attempts to resect an IBSN neuroma. Conclusion: We conclude that in patients suffering from IBSN painful neuroma, surgical resection results in a favorable prognosis.
Evaluation of optical coherence tomography angiography parameters in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Akhlaghi Mohammad Reza , Kianersi Farzan , Radmehr Hamed , Dehghani Alireza , Beni Afsaneh Naderi , Noorshargh Pegah
Published: March 2021

Background One of the major side effects of hydroxychloroquine is retinopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters in a group of patients who have hydroxychloroquine-induced retinopathy based on Multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) with a group who do not have retinopathy.Method This is a Cross-Sectional Study. In this study, patients with RA or SLE who had been taking HCQ for at least 7 years were included. MfERG and OCTA imaging were performed for all patients. Patients were divided into Normal mfERG and Abnormal mfERG groups based on mfERG results. OCTA parameters were studied in these two groups.Result 61 patients (61 eyes) were included. 41 patients had SLE and 20 patients had RA. 40 patients (66.7%) had Abnormal mfERG. The mean VD in SCP layer was not significantly different between Normal mfERG and Abnormal mfERG groups (P-Value> 0.05). Mean VD in SCP layer was not significantly different between Normal mfERG and Abnormal mfERG groups (P-Value> 0.05). In RA subgroup, mean VD in SCP layer in PeriFovea region in Abnormal mfERG group was significantly lower than normal group (P-Value <0.05). Mean VD in DCP layer in Whole Image, Superior Hemi, Inferior Hemi, PeriFovea area in Abnormal mfERG group was significantly lower than normal group (P-Value <0.05). This discrepancy was also observed in the RA subgroup but not in the SLE subgroup. The mean of none of the parameters of FAZ (mm2), Flow Area of Outer Retina (mm2) and Flow Area of Choriocapillaris (mm2) were not statistically significant between the groups Abnormal mfERG and Normal mfERG. (p-value>0.05). Conclusion VD in the DCP layer decreased in abnormal mfERG patients compared to patients with normal mfERG. But it seems that VD in SCP layer, FAZ Area and Flow Area are similar in both groups. OCTA may be used as a non-invasive tool in the diagnosis of early stages of HCQ-induced retinopathy, especially in RA patients, but further studies are needed.
Description of Gemella massiliensis sp. nov., a new bacterium isolated from the human gut.
Authors: Fonkou Maxime Descartes Mbogning , LO Cheikh Ibrahima , Mekhalif Zouina , Bilen Melhem , Tomei Enora , Kuete Edmond , Dubourg Grégory , Raoult Didier , Fenollar Florence , Fournier Pierre Edouard
Published: March 2021

Thanks to its ability to isolate previously uncultured bacterial species, culturomics has dynamized the study of the human microbiota. A new bacterial species, Gemella massiliensis Marseille-P3249 T , was isolated from a sputum sample of a healthy French man. Strain Marseille-P3249 T is a facultative anaerobe, catalase negative, Gram positive, coccus and unable to sporulate. The major fatty acids were C 16:0 (34%), C 18:1n9 (28%), C 18:0 (15%) and C 18:2n6 (13%). Its 16S rRNA sequence exhibits a 98.3% sequence similarity with Gemella bergeri strain 617-93, its phylogenetically closest species with standing in nomenclature. Its digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and OrthoANI values with G. bergeri of only 59.7 ± 5.6% and 94.8%, respectively. These values are lower than the thresholds for species delineation (>70% and >95%, respectively). This strain grows optimally at 37°C and its genome is 1.80 Mbp long with a 30.5 mol% G+C content. Based on these results, we propose the creation of the new species Gemella massilienis sp. nov., strain Marseille-P3249 T (= CSUR P3249 = DSMZ 103940).
Identification of Germline Cancer Predisposition Variants During Clinical Ctdna Testing
Authors: Stout Leigh Anne , Kassem Nawal , Hunter Cynthia , Philips Santosh , Radovich Milan , Schneider Bryan
Published: March 2021

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a non-invasive method to guide therapy selection for cancer patients. ctDNA variant allele frequency (VAF) is commonly reported and may aid in discerning whether a variant is germline or somatic. We report on the fidelity of VAF in ctDNA as a predictor for germline variant carriage. Two patient cohorts were studied. Cohort 1 included patients with known germline variants. Cohort 2 included patients with any variant detected by the ctDNA assay with VAF of 40–60%. In cohort 1, 36 of 91 (40%) known germline variants were identified through ctDNA analysis with a VAF of 39-87.6%. In cohort 2, 111 of 160 (69%) variants identified by ctDNA analysis with a VAF between 40–60% were found to be germline. Therefore, variants with a VAF between 40–60% should induce suspicion for germline status but should not be used as a replacement for germline testing.
Expression and clinical significance of IL7R, NFATc2, and RNF213 in familial and sporadic multiple sclerosis
Authors: Imani Seyedeh Zahra Hosseini , Hojati Zohreh , Dehghanian Fariba , Khalilian Sheyda , Kheirollahi Majid , Khorrami Mehdi , Shaygannejad Vahid , Mirmosayyeb Omid
Published: March 2021

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system characterized by myelin loss and axonal dysfunction. Increased production of inflammatory factors such as cytokines has been implicated in axon destruction in myelin-less areas. In the present study, we compared the expression level of IL7R, NFATc2, and RNF213 genes in the peripheral blood of 72 MS patients (37 familial MS, 35 sporadic MS) and 74 healthy controls (34 individuals with a family history of the disease, 40 healthy controls without a family history) via Real-time PCR.
Results

Our results showed that the expression level of IL7R was decreased in MS patients versus healthy controls. Also IL7R expression was significantly down-regulated in the sporadic group as compared to other groups. Additionally, there was an increased NFATc2 expression level in MS patients versus healthy controls. Increased expression of NFATc2 in sporadic and familial groups compared to the controls was also seen. Our results represented an increased expression level of RNF213 in the familial patients as compared to the control group. Diagnostic evaluation was performed by ROC curve analysis and area under the curve (AUC) calculation. The correlation of clinical parameters including onset age and EDSS with our gene expression levels were also assessed.
Conclusions

Overall, decreased expression level of IL7R and increased expression level of NFATc2 may be associated with the pathogenesis of MS disease. The RNF213 should be evaluated further for its potential as a candidate biomarker of inflammatory activity in MS in a larger cohort.
Contraindications and Cautions of Foam Rolling – A Delphi Process to Reach Consensus: Study Protocol
Authors: Bartsch Katja , Schleip Robert , Baumgart Christian , Wilke Jan , Slomka Gunda , Turnhöfer Sascha , Egner Christoph , Hoppe Matthias , Klingler Werner , Freiwald Jürgen
Published: March 2021

Background: Foam rolling is a type of self massage using tools such as foam rollers or roller massagers. As no consensus on contraindications and cautions of foam rolling exists to date, current suggestions in the literature are drawn from the field of therapeutic massage. A methodological approach to help closing the gap in the current research landscape is to obtain a reliable opinion consensus of expert groups. The goal of the study is to elaborate experts’ recommendations on the contraindications and cautions for foam rolling techniques by the means of a Delphi process.Methods: The present study includes a preparatory phase as well as three rounds of the actual Delphi process. Academic experts, defined as having (co-)authored at least one scientific paper on foam rolling, are identified via literature search and invited to participate. Consensus on contraindications and cautions of foam rolling will be targeted with a 70 percent agreement after the third round of the Delphi process. Anonymity between participants as well as an iterative approach with controlled feedback constitute key features of the method. Exemplary cases may be reported after round three of the Delphi process in an anonymous manner to supplement the aggregated data.Discussion: Measures to improve panelist recruitment and retention, such as person-to-person cascade approaches and the use of publicly-available information to identify experts are considered to be crucial for the success of the study. Benefits and risks of carrying out the study via online questionnaires need to be considered when interpreting the results. Findings from this Delphi process will provide an overview of the risks related to foam rolling and assist in selecting the scope for future studies.
The analysis of quality of life using SF-36 among patients with myasthenia gravis in South Korea
Authors: Kim Juhyeon , Seok Jin Myoung , Choi Misong , Kim Byoung Joon , Jeong Ansuk , Min Ju-Hong
Published: March 2021

PurposePatients with Myasthenia gravis (MG) have poor health related quality of life (HRQoL), which negatively affects their activities of daily living. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting HRQoL in patients with MG using the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36).MethodsWe prospectively studied patients with confirmed diagnosis of MG. Patients, who presented to the neuromuscular outpatient clinic, at a Samsung medical center in South Korea in a four-month period. Severity of MG was assessed by the Myasthenia Gravis Composite Scale (MGCS) and HRQoL was assessed by the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and activities of daily living was assessed by the Korean version of Myasthenia Gravis-specific Activities of Daily Living scale (K-MG-ADL).ResultsA total of 120 patients with MG were invited to participate in the study.We analyzed the difference of SF-36 score according to demographic and clinical characteristics in our MG patients. Significant differences were found according to sex, career change, marital status, MG type, and thymoma.ConclusionBy analyzing the specifics of the HRQoL, the current study demonstrated that this should be reflected in the treatment guidelines for MG patients.
The molecular basis for SARS-CoV-2 recognized by dog ACE2
Authors: Zhang Zengyuan , Zhang Yanfang , Liu Kefang , Li Yan , Lu Qiong , Wang Qingling , Zhang Yuqin , Wang Liang , Liao Hanyi , Zheng Anqi , Ma Sufang , Fan Zheng , Li Huifang , Huang Weijin , Bi Yuhai , Wang Qihui , Gao George F. , Xiao Haixia , Qi Jianxun , Sun Yeping
Published: March 2021

SARS-CoV-2 can infect many domestic animals, including dogs. Herein, we show that dog angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (dACE2) can bind to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein receptor binding region (RBD), and that both pseudotyped and authentic SARS-CoV-2 can infect dACE2-expressing cells. we solved the crystal structure of RBD in complex with dACE2 and found that the total numbers of contact residues, contact atoms, hydrogen bonds and salt bridges at the binding interface in this complex are slightly fewer than those in the complex of the RBD and human ACE2 (hACE2). This result is consistent with the fact that the binding affinity of RBD to dACE2 is lower than that to hACE2. We further show that a few important mutations in the RBD binding interface play a pivotal role in the binding affinity of RBD to both dACE2 and hACE2, and need intense monitoring and controlling.
Endogenous control of inflammation characterizes pregnant women with asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: De Biasi Sara , Tartaro Domenico Lo , Gibellini Lara , Paolini Annamaria , Quong Andrew , Petes Carlene , Awong Geneve , Douglas Samuel , Lin Dongxia , Nieto Jordan , Borella Rebecca , Fidanza Lucia , Mattioli Marco , Leone Chiara , Meschiari Marianna , Franceschini Erica , Cicchetti Luca , Trenti Tommaso , Sarti Mario , Girardis Massimo , Guaraldi Giovanni , Mussini Cristina , Facchinetti Fabio , Cossarizza Andrea
Published: March 2021

In 14 pregnant women who had asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, we performed a detailed 38-parameter analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by mass cytometry, studied the expression of T-cell master regular genes, investigated cell proliferation and cytokine production, and measured plasma levels of 62 cytokines. No patient showed lymphopenia or gross alterations of white blood cells. Unsupervised analyses revealed that most immune parameters were similar in patients and uninfected controls, apart from an increase in low density neutrophils in SARS-CoV-2 positive women. Also, patients did not show altered plasma levels of interleukin-6 or other main inflammatory molecules, but displayed significant increases of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1RA, IL-10 and IL-19, and decreased levels of IL-17, PD-L1 and D-dimer. The endogenous control of inflammation, as evidenced by plasma levels of soluble molecules, could be a strategy used during pregnancy to avoid virus-induced damages and maintain a normal immune response.
The Baltimore Urban food Distribution (BUD) App: Study Protocol for A Food Systems Intervention
Authors: Gittelsohn Joel , Lewis Emma C. , Martin Nina M. , Zhu Siyao , Poirier Lisa , Dongen Ellen van , Ross Alexandra , Rex Samantha M. , Labrique Alain B. , Reznar Melissa M. , Igusa Takeru , Trujillo Antonio J.
Published: March 2021

Background: Low-income urban communities in the United States commonly lack ready access to healthy foods. This is due in part to a food distribution system that favors the provision of high-fat, high-sugar, high-sodium processed foods to small retail food stores, and impedes their healthier alternatives, such as fresh produce. Methods: The Baltimore Urban food Distribution (BUD) study is a multi-level, multi-component systems intervention that aims to improve healthy food access in low income neighborhoods of Baltimore, Maryland. The primary intervention is the BUD application (app), which uses the power of collective purchasing and delivery to affordably move foods from local producers and wholesalers to the city’s many corner stores. We will implement the app in a sample of 38 corner stores, randomized to intervention and comparison. Extensive evaluation will be conducted at each level of the intervention to assess effectiveness via process and impact measures on suppliers, corner stores, and consumers. Discussion: BUD represents one of the first attempts to implement an intervention that engages multiple levels of a local food system. The design of the intervention and the evaluation plan of the BUD project are documented here.Trial registration #: #### (register since not yet recruiting)
Detecting Potentially Ineffective Care in Critically Ill Patients in a Community Hospital: Assessing Sustained Predictive Value after Two Decades
Authors: Fleegler Bruce , Grimes Cindy , Bass Caitlin
Published: March 2021

Background: Eighteen years ago, we derived a formula to predict 100-day post-discharge mortality, utilizing the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III (APACHE III) data. This study was designed to reassess this formula when applied to a new cohort of patients, utilizing the updated predictive hospital mortality equations derived from APACHE IV.Methods: Compared with the 1995‒1997 cohort in our original study, this study included a cohort of intensive care unit patients from 2012‒2017, with similar demographics. Both cohorts included patients >18 years old admitted to and surviving at least five days of intensive care in the Sarasota Memorial Hospital in Sarasota, Florida, USA. Results: In the recent cohort, the formula exhibited a specificity of 99.7%, sensitivity of 17.8%, false positive rate of 0.3%, and positive predictive value of 92.6%; applied to the original cohort, the formula exhibited values of 98.7%, 33.8%, 1.3%, and 93.3%, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two databases, except in sensitivity. Conclusions: Potentially ineffective care can be predicted with nearly the same specificity and predictive value using the formula developed in the 2002 study. If these results are reproducible at other institutions, they could assist in patient/family and palliative care discussions.
LEDitSHAKE – A Lighting System to Optimize the Secondary Metabolite Content of Plant Cell Suspension Cultures
Authors: Beuel Ann-Katrin , Jablonka Natalia , Heesel Julia , Severin Kevin , Spiegel Holger , Rasche Stefan
Published: March 2021

1.1 Background
Plant secondary metabolites are widely used in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. They can be extracted from naturally grown plants or plant cell suspension cultures grown under sterile conditions. In the latter case, yields and quality strongly depend on the cultivation environment, including optimal illumination. Current shaking incubators do not allow different light wavelengths, intensities and photoperiods to be tested in parallel. We therefore developed a system for multiplexed customized illumination within a single shaking incubator, and used it to optimize anthocyanin production in grapevine cell suspension cultures.
1.2 Results
We used 3D printing to integrate light-emitting diode assemblies into flask housings to develop the LEDitSHAKE system, allowing 12 different lighting conditions (spectrum, intensity and photoperiod) to be tested simultaneously in a single shaking incubator. We used a Design of Experiments approach to determine the effect of 24 different light compositions on the total anthocyanin content of replicate grapevine cell suspension cultures. All tested conditions achieved higher yields than standard illumination or dark cultivation, and the optimal spectrum (8.3 µmol m− 2 s− 1 red, 8.3 µmol m− 2 s− 1 green, 33.3 µmol m− 2 s− 1 blue, and UV turned on) increased the total anthocyanin concentration by 2.42-fold after 4 weeks. Based on the resulting model, we predicted the optimal lighting conditions for the upregulation and downregulation of 30 anthocyanins, and found that short-wavelength light (blue, UV) maximized the concentration of most anthocyanins, whereas long-wavelength light (red) had the opposite effect. For example, the cyanidin glucoside concentration was predicted to increase 2.99-fold compared to the source culture with optimized illumination (12 µmol m− 2 s− 1 green, 38 µmol m− 2 s− 1 blue, and UV turned on for 1 h/day).
1.3 Conclusions
The LEDitSHAKE system enables the screening of up to 12 different lighting conditions in terms of spectrum, intensity and photoperiod within a single shaking incubator using a Design of Experiments approach, as exemplified by the optimization of the anthocyanin content and composition in grapevine cell suspension cultures. Our results demonstrate proof of principle that the LEDitSHAKE system is suitable for the optimization of processes based on plant cell suspension cultures.