bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Great Western railway electrification, UK: foundations for overhead line equipment
Authors: Esser Jonathan , Lethbridge Richard
Published: May 2020

Electrification of the Great Western railway between London and south Wales in the UK required the design and installation of 13 000 individual foundations for overhead line equipment along 650 km of live railway tracks. A key design requirement was to provide a simple method of allocating large volumes of foundations while providing a robust design for the wide range of ground conditions, topographies and loading regimes. This paper summarises the key geotechnical design considerations and the basis of design that was used. It then discusses the practicalities and experiences of the various construction techniques that were adopted, focusing on sections of the route where shallow rock was present.
Brine Solution with Hydrocolloids Used to Enhance the Properties of Sterilized Meat
Authors: Bolognesi Vinicius Jose , Spier Michele Rigon , Rocha Garcia Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2020

Research background. Retort processing is one of the most widely used methods of thermal inactivation that provides convenient, ready-to-eat foods. Although this technology remains widespread, it can be revamped through processing of novel ingredients such as gums. This article aims to investigate the effect of the hydrocolloids collagen, soy protein isolate, carrageenan and modified starch with different salt mass fractions on the retorted meat products. Experimental approach. Firstly, solutions of the added hydrocolloids of different salt mass fractions in order to stimulate the salting-in effect were studied. Lipid oxidation, syneresis and water activity were analysed during shelf life to find the best overall treatments. Lastly, sensory and texture analyses were then performed to assess the impact of the added hydrocolloids. Results and conclusions. Yield, cooking loss and water-holding capacity had better results when higher salt mass fractions with hydrocolloids were used. The physicochemical results distinguished collagen from the other tested hydrocolloids. Syneresis remained in similar ranges regardless of the treatment. No difference was observed in water activity either. However, sterilization, vacuum sealing and the addition of a hydrocolloid contributed to low oxidation levels in all treatments. Lastly, sensory, texture and shear force analyses confirmed that the products with collagen were harder and firmer than the control samples, which explains the preference of control samples by the panellists. Nevertheless, assessors did not perceive the presence of collagen. Novelty and scientific contribution. Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the retorted meat can be considerably improved when brine and hydrocolloids are combined with the retort technology.
Optimización y cuantificación de procesos utilizando BPM - Process Optimization and Quantification using BPM
Authors: Tocto Cano Esteban
Published: May 2020

Se muestra una propuesta para la Optimización y la Cuantificación de Procesos usando herramientas Business Process Management (BPM) en el ámbito universitario. Se optimizó y automatizó el Proceso de Gestión de Prácticas Pre Profesionales (PGPP) de la Universidad Peruana Unión, filial Tarapoto (UPeU FT). El desarrollo del modelo se realizó en función a entrevistas en el nivel operativo como a nivel de dirección, la optimización del proceso se efectuó utilizando una herramienta para la construcción de modelos BPM. La herramienta cuenta con diferentes utilitarios los cuales permitieron redefinir los procesos, subprocesos, tareas, entregables, roles, responsabilidades. En términos de la medición de efectividad del proceso propuesto se implementó en la solución una serie de Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s) que permitieron la medición de la efectividad de la solución puesta. El enfoque cuantitativo, así la definición y trabajo con los indicadores fueron definidos en función a los diversos principios expuestos en la metodología de BPM.
Nivel de madurez de los procesos de la gestión de servicios en base a BPM - Maturity level in Management Services Processes’ based on BPM
Authors: Cruz Joseph , Lévano Daniel
Published: May 2020

Las empresas, a nivel global, tienden a una mayor dependencia de las Tecnologías de la Información (TI), no solo para el mantenimiento operativo de las instancias de la organización, sino también para el aumento de valor a la empresa por medio de la explotación de datos y sobre todo bajo el análisis y optimización de sus procesos. La metodología Business Process Management (BPM), al combinarlas con las buenas prácticas propuestas por Information Technology  Infrastructure Library (ITIL), permite la posibilidad de aumentar el valor de la entidad por medio de la mejora y adaptación de los procesos desde una perspectiva más ágil, automatizada y robusta con la capacidad de adaptación al cambio, permitiendo a las organizaciones orientar sus procesos al cliente.
ON DEVELOPING MATERIALS FOR CLIL
Authors: Cimermanová Ivana
Published: May 2020

Content and language integrated learning (CLIL) is not an unknown term. In Slovakia, many schools communicate they apply CLIL methodology; however, there are numerous studies that are sceptical about CLIL application. The most significant problem defined by CLIL teachers is the lack of appropriate materials that follow dual aims. Based on this feedback the development of CLIL materials became a part of pre-service teachers’ methodology courses. The present study aimed to explore the attitudes of the pre-service teachers towards the possible application of the content and language integrated learning in their teaching. Questionnaires and pre-service teachers’ portfolios provided data from 63 participants. The study also presents the results of discussions on the problems faced by students, the attitudes of student teachers towards material evaluation and development, planning CLIL lessons and the analysis of the questionnaire focussing on students’ attitudes towards CLIL application. Data suggest that even though pre-service teachers are positive about CLIL application and are interested in doing CLIL lessons they do not feel confident especially in evaluating the outcomes of CLIL lessons and creating materials for CLIL lessons. Finally, the author summarises the pedagogical implications to pre-service teachers study programmes as well as recommendations for teaching practice.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND BURNOUT SYNDROME AMONG DEPARTMENTAL UNIVERSITIES TEACHERS
Authors: Kolesnikova Natalia , Makarkina Oksana , Dvoretsky Dmitry , Dyatlov Yuriy , Manoylova Marina
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the results of the study on burnout syndrome among teachers with various work experiences in university. The aim of the study is the review of burnout psychological patterns among teachers with various work experiences in university. The main hypothesis of the study is based on the assumption that the teachers whose work experience in departmental universities is more than 10 years are more vulnerable to the burnout syndrome development. In order to attain the envisaged goals and to test the hypothesis there were used empirical methods: differential diagnosis of decreased functioning by A. Leonova and S. Velichkovskaya, diagnosis of professional burnout by K. Maslach and S. Jackson adapted by N.E. Vodop’yanova, technique for diagnosing the burnout syndrome level by V.V. Boiko. Group comparison of teachers with various work experiences in university has shown that long term professional activity leads to burnout syndrome development: the most part of examined teachers are characterized by high level of burnout syndrome which structure is observed in high intensity of resistance and exhaustion phases and such syndromes as inadequate emotional discrete response; resignation or depersonalization, emotional and moral disorientation; psychosomatic and vegetative disorders.
STEAM EDUCATION AS A BENCHMARK FOR INNOVATIVE TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF LABOUR TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Hlukhaniuk Vitalii , Solovei Viktor , Tsvilyk Svitlana , Shymkova Iryna
Published: May 2020

The purpose of the article is to substantiate an innovative methodology for implementing the content of STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts and math) education through the organization of creative projects of future teachers of labour training and technology.The future teacher should be able to fulfil the tasks of integration of different subject areas, to use knowledge from different disciplines to describe the system of transformative activity; to make well-founded structural and technological decisions and put them into practice; to choose rational ways, to plan, predict and evaluate efficiency of transformative activity; to create spatial models of products or processes.Investigating this problem, we used the methods of research: analysis and synthesis to clarify the basic concepts and categories of STEAM education; conceptual analysis for comparing traditional and STEAM-oriented approaches, curricula and programs, psychological-pedagogical and scientific-methodical literature, materials of scientific-practical conferences on the problem of research, advanced innovative pedagogical experience.The organization of project activities contributes to the formation of sustainable motivation in teaching the disciplines on which STEAM education is based. Creating a product from conception to implementation, students are aware of the integral theoretical and practical importance of knowledge in the natural-mathematical and technical disciplines of cycles of general and vocational training.
NEW CHALLENGES FOR THE LEGAL EDUCATION IN LATVIA
Authors: Grasis Janis
Published: May 2020

The Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia adopted Regulation No. 46 “Procedures for the National Uniform Professional Legal Qualification Examination” on January 15, 2019. These rules will apply to students who started studies in the course of the professional master's study programme at the autumn semester of 2019; therefore, the first exam will be in 2021. The qualification examination will have the following parts: (1) the theoretical part in which detailed answers to 15 questions are provided in writing; (2) the practical part in which five practical tasks (case -studies) are dealt with in writing. Novelty of the research: this is one of the newest academic research concerning the mentioned examination which is something new for Latvian legal education, trying to make comparision with analogous Uniform Examination in Germany. The research aim is to analyse critically the new regulations and how will it affect existing master programmes of law in the universities of the Republic of Latvia. Descriptive, analytical and deductive-inductive research methods are used. Legal acts, policy planning documents and different reports were reviewed and analyzed, and subsequently conclusions and recommendations were made. On the one hand the introduction of the mentioned examination could contribute to increasing motivation of students, to acquiring deeper and more sustainable knowledge in law study programmes, which can be assessed positively. However, it is not clear what the criteria are, the content of what the requirements will be for the methodology for evaluating the National Uniform Professional Legal Qualification Examination, which is approved by the commission itself. This could be a risk element for transparency and uniform understanding during the development of examination questions and in the evaluation process of examination answers.
COLLABORATION WHEN ADAPTING DIGITAL LEARNING OBJECTS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Milčė Gintarė
Published: May 2020

Teachers who seek for continuous education (learning) process improvement, not only reform teaching methods, but also use a variety of digital innovations, including the digital learning objects. Usually, a teacher becomes responsible for the introduction of innovations and a student for the mastering them. In many cases, the teacher's qualities determine whether innovation will be accepted or rejected, but in order to incorporate digital learning objects into the educational process, collaboration between a teacher and a student becomes an important element. The teacher decides which digital learning object to use when at this point student can evaluate, test and discuss with the teacher how much it benefits. Thus, the object of this presentation–collaboration when adapting digital learning objects in the educational process. The analysis has revealed that the adaptation of digital learning objects requires collaboration, and in the process of adapting the digital learning object, there is collaboration that ensures a smooth adaptation process: discussions, sharing knowledge and ideas. All this helps to make targeted use of the digital learning object in the process of education, according to the different needs of teachers and students.
STUDENT PERCEPTION OF FORMATIVE PEER REVIEW
Authors: Krouglov Alex
Published: May 2020

The present paper covers our initial research findings of postgraduate student perceptions of formative in-class peer review in relation to their presentations, research, professional communication, and language skills. The paper also aims to assess the impact it may have on learning at advanced level of language training, and explores how peer review approach used in classes changes student perception of its benefits and challenges and contributes to the development of presentation, language and research skills. Besides the development of speaking skills, critical thinking and argumentation, peer review enables them to assess themselves better, to think more about the target audience and encourages better course and research engagement and collaborative learning. In our research, the students were asked to provide in-class peer review of presentations made by students on various aspects of their research as part of the connected curriculum framework established at the University College London.
THE NECESSITY OF BILINGUAL APPROACH IMPLEMENTATION AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS
Authors: Martovytska Nataliia , Lokhvytska Liubov
Published: May 2020

The article highlights the results of the bilingual approach implementation to the process of preparing students for their professional competencies in the context of higher education system reformation. The topicality of the study is caused by the fact that the entry of Ukrainian society into the European space imposes appropriate requirements for the new generation specialists’ training. The purpose of the study was to substantiate theoretically and verify experimentally the implementation of a bilingual approach to learning a foreign language in the process of teaching some professional disciplines in order to improve the professional training of students of non-linguistic specialties. To achieve this goal, we used the following methods: to collect empirical survey data (student questionnaires and interviews with teachers), a statement experiment to find out the real state of the problem under investigation, a search experiment to implement the bilingual approach in the study of foreign language and its control.The experiment was participated by students of the 1st and 2nd years of study of non-linguistic specialties students at higher educational institutions during four terms, the study was carried out in three stages. At the first stage the level of preparation of the first-year students of non-linguistic specialties was studied. The results demonstrated that more than half of the respondents had difficulties in mastering the material. At the second stage of the study, a search experiment was conducted using a bilingual approach. In the course of the effectiveness approach checking, it was recorded that students demonstrated a sufficient level of foreign language proficiency due to the systematic use of the bilingual approach while studying basic disciplines.
HIGHER SCHOOL TEACHERS’ DIGITAL COMPETENCE: STRATEGIES FOR SELF-ASSESSMENT AND IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Malykhin Oleksandr , Aristova Nataliia , Kovalchuk Vasyl , Opaliuk Tetiana , Yarmolchuk Taras
Published: May 2020

The paper was aimed at examining higher school teachers’ strategies for self-assessing and improving digital competence and finding out the range of the most effective and innovative ones. The research sample consisted of 115 higher school teachers from four higher educational establishments in Ukraine. The research sample was selected with the use of a non-random sampling technique. Personal data of research sample were taken into consideration i.e. demography, gender balance, age and specialty. The research strategy for collecting empirical data combined a web-based questionnaire, individual interviews, conversations with respondents and analysis of reflexive texts. The collected empirical data were then analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The data were processed by means of Microsoft Excel 2016 and verified by Chronbach’ Alfa (An Index of Reliability). During the development of a web-based questionnaire the authors defined seven cognitive content-components of higher school teachers’ digital competence and each of them was given a synthetic index. The obtained findings showed that higher school teachers had different levels of digital competence: ranging from low to high, and revealed the diversity in peculiarities of its manifestations and ways of thinking when operating the competence mentioned. The research results served as the basis for offering innovative strategies for self-assessing and improving higher school teachers’ digital competence.
PEDAGOGICAL REFLECTION AS A METHOD OF PROFESSIONALLY-ORIENTED FORMATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL COMPETENCE AT FUTURE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER TRAINING
Authors: Smirnova Elena
Published: May 2020

The language policy focus on multilingualism and multicultural education necessitated to train a foreign language teacher who is able to teach students efficient cooperation in multilingual and multicultural environment. Young teachers face into difficulties when passing from the social role of a student to the social role of a teacher, so far as language training at university is to a greater extent subject-related rather than professionally-oriented. The main goal of the paper is to view vocational training peculiarities of future foreign language teachers from the perspective of socio-cultural approach. The article presents professionally-oriented ways of socio-cultural competence formation of a future teacher at a practical foreign language lesson. The author proves that the decisive condition to ensure the professional direction of socio-cultural competence formation is pedagogical reflection, which makes it possible to get students involved in the reflective development of the inner space of their future professional activity. The proposed system of tasks is aimed to involve students in the reflective analysis of their own strategies how to learn a foreign culture, their functional role in the process of education and, on the other hand, to make sense of the teacher’s performance and the professional relevance of the educational process. As the way of evidence of the proposed tasks efficiency, the observation   results on students at teaching practice and school teachers’ survey data are given.
FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE PRIMARY TEACHERS WITH THE USE OF MODERN TEACHING METHODS
Authors: Opanasenko Nataliia , Chernenko Halyna
Published: May 2020

The article considers the problem of formation of professional competence of future primary teachers. The regulatory framework governing the professional activities of teachers in Ukraine (“Concept of development of Pedagogical Education”, “Professional Standard “Primary School Teacher of Secondary Education”) is analyzed. The urgency of the problem of future schoolteachers' professional training for the modern school, which is being studied within the framework of the project “New Ukrainian School – New Teacher” is proved. The definitions of “competence”, “professional competence”, “professionalism” of both national and international scientists are analyzed.It is proved that professional competence is an integrative characteristic of business and personal qualities of a specialist, reflects the level of knowledge, skills and experience required to achieve the goal of a certain type of professional activity, as well as the moral position of a specialist.The article presents modern methods of training future primary school teachers: “design-thinking” as a creative way of thinking, aimed at creating non-standard solutions and innovations for the formation of professional competence of future teachers of primary education (stages of “design- thinking”: empathy, focusing, ideas generation, prototyping,  testing); interactive teaching methods (“lotus blossoming”, mixed media, jury, presentations, etc.), focus group research.The article proves the idea that the formation of key competences of students in the New Ukrainian School, competitiveness and ability to enter the world global space depend on the professional competence of the teacher.
PUPILS’ TRUST IN TEACHERS AS A KEY PREREQUISITE FOR CHILD SAFETY IN SCHOOL
Authors: Petrochko Zhanna , Kyrychenko Valentyna
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the actual issue of safety of a child aged 11-15 years. Its purpose is to define and describe key prerequisite for a child's safety at school (5th-9th grade), based on an analysis of the essence of the safety and results of empirical studies. The novelty of the article is due to the necessity to immediately search for prerequisites, factors, tools and other factors to counteract and overcome bullying in the educational environment.The article reveals the essence of child safety, as well as indicators that can be used to monitor 5th-9th grade pupils’ safety at school are outlined. Based on survey of teenagers and teachers, as well as correlated relationships, it has been determined that trust in teachers is a prerequisite for a child's safety in the educational environment and manifestation of social behaviour by pupils. Conclusions concerning instruments of establishing trust between pupils and teachers at school and ensuring their safety are formulated.
PEDAGOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE ARTS COMPLEX IN THE PROCESS OF THE FORMATION OF AESTHETIC PERCEPTION OF JUNIOR PUPILS
Authors: Brovchak Liudmyla , Starovoit Lesia , Likhitska Larysa , Todosienko Nataliia
Published: May 2020

In the research are illuminated the following subjects: the topical issue of the aesthetic development of junior pupil's personality, search for new approaches to children's education and development and their implementation to the educational process of the modern school, maximal use of pupil's creative potential in the elementary school, the formation and development of the aesthetic sense of reality, the aesthetic attitude to the surrounding world, to the nature, to the arts and applying the principle of different art forms correlation.The use of the art at the lessons of the art cycle at establishments of primary education and approaches, which have been proposed by us, analysis of findings of experimental data allows to assume that the development of aesthetic feelings, tastes, ideals, artistic skills, competences in the sphere of art, should be an undetectable condition of the educational subjects of primary school, especially of the art cycle.We detected the growth of the level of aesthetic perception which is connected with the development of emotional and sensitive sphere and artistic potential of junior school children, that is determined by results of applying of the proposed approach to activation of aesthetic perception of junior school-age children through the art at the lessons of the art cycle. It also determines positive changes in the tendency of humanization and the aestheticization of the educational process.
TEACHERS' SELF-ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETENCIES OF LEARNING TO LEARN AND REFLECTION IN THE CONTEXT OF SCHOOL AS A LEARNING ORGANIZATION
Authors: Bubnys Remigijus , Pilkienė Greta , Gudinavičius Benas
Published: May 2020

This article analyses teachers' self-assessment of the competencies of learning to learn and reflection in the context of school as a learning organization. The survey in the form of a written questionnaire was performed and 141 teachers of the city of Vilnius have participated in it. The research reveals the self-assessment results of the skills in the field of time evaluation, planning and management; information search, perception, systematization and adaptation; communication and cooperation in group; and reflection. Teachers highlight the sufficiency of the time distribution for tasks and deadlines skills; awareness and lower level skills of systematization of the information; skills of reception of comments from the members of the group, their consideration or the listening and understanding of the views of the members; skills of abstract conceptualization, which are related to drawing conclusions and anticipating ideas for the future.
THE READINESS OF STUDENTS FOR CAREER SELF-MANAGEMENT
Authors: Katane Irēna , Korna-Opincāne Evita
Published: May 2020

Nowadays, several of the global challenges we are facing include the fast pace of life and rapidly occurring changes, therefore when interacting with this changeable life environment it is important for the young people to self-develop, self-manage, as well as be themselves in charge of their personal change and career management. This article studies the latest scientific trends, providing scientific justification to the student readiness for their career self-management. In the process of developing this justification, it was essential to understand the criteria and indicators for the student readiness for their career self-management, in order for the young people to be able to self-assess the said readiness during their entire lifetime. Therefore  the aim of the study was to develop the theoretical foundations for the term “student readiness for career self-management” within the context of general secondary education, including both criteria and indicators for the assessment which could in its turn become a methodological foundation for developing methodology for the readiness for career self-management. As a result of this study, the theoretical findings from the scientific literature on the essence and readiness for career self-management were gathered, examined, analysed, systemized and evaluated.
THE DICHOTOMY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE IT SPECIALISTS: THE SUBJECT AND THE MEANS OF INSTRUCTION
Authors: Malykhin Oleksandr , Aristova Nataliia , Kovalchuk Vasyl , Popov Roman , Yarmolchuk Taras
Published: May 2020

The study shows some preferences in the choice of training and learning strategies in university educational process aimed at forming future IT-specialists’ digital competence as the main indicator of their professionalism in IT-sphere considering information technologies as being the subject and the means of instruction. The use of information technologies results in rethinking of existing approaches to organizing the educational process of higher school especially when it comes to training future IT-specialists. Information technologies integrated into all spheres of human activities and widely applied to support different industries in commercial, private and public sectors cause ever-growing demand for highly-qualified IT-specialists. In the study the authors consider the range of learning strategies used in the educational process for boosting effectiveness of IT-specialists’ digital competence formation as the main indicator of their professionalism in IT-sphere. The study was carried out among 164 future IT-specialists at three higher education institutions in Ukraine from February to May 2019. The researchers found out that all the respondents used contemporary information technologies for learning IT-disciplines, namely, all the students (100.00%) use contemporary information technologies in their formal learning, 68.80% − in their non-formal learning, 18.30% − in a wide range of educational activities that could be regarded as informal learning and only 13.20% − combining informal and non-formal learning. The obtained data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. As the core result of conducted research the component matrix of learning strategies was developed showing their hierarchy depending on three factors chosen i.e. traditional, self-directed and collaborative learning.
COOPERATIVE STRATEGIES FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN INCLUSIVE ROBOTICS ACTIVITIES
Authors: Tsiomi Evaggelia , Nanou Andromachi
Published: May 2020

A qualitative, action research study has been conducted to investigate cooperative learning strategies for children with ASD and typical development during educational robotic activities. The participants were 4 children, 2 with ASD and 2 with typical development, around the ages of 12-14. The sessions were held at “School for all: Tokei Maru” in Thessaloniki, once a week, for 3 months. Observation protocols, researcher's diary, and interviews were used for data collection. Children with ASD, although they had a strong motivation to participate in robotic activities, exhibited disruptive behaviors. The cooperative learning strategy was not effective. Self-regulation strategies have proven helpful in limiting the disrupting behaviors of children with ASD and in supporting cooperative learning.
TEACHING SELF-AWARENESS AND SELF-REGULATION TECHNIQUES TO A CHILD WITH AUTISM SPECTUM DISORDER
Authors: Kontogianni Maria , Nanou Andromachi
Published: May 2020

Self-awareness and self-regulation yoga techniques lead to stress management, reducing anxiety and well-being of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders. The current study seeks to investigate the degree of the autonomous involvement of an 11-year-old girl with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the self-awareness and self-regulation yoga exercises. The research was designed as an educational intervention. The intervention was applied once a week for 3 months, and took place at the sensory room of “School for all: Tokei Maru” at Include in Thessaloniki. Research diaries and observation protocols, by participant and external observers, were used for data collection before, during and after the intervention. According to the research findings, girl’s degree and quality of involvement improved during the intervention, so that she managed to use specific techniques autonomously. Research findings cannot be generalized, but they are encouraging in developing effective self-awareness and self-regulation programs for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in future research.
COLLABORATION-BASED SUPPORT PROVISION MODELS FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS
Authors: Kantanavičiūtė Rita , Tomėnienė Laima
Published: May 2020

The article aims to reveal collaboration-based support provision models for a child with special educational needs and his/her family in Lithuania. The qualitative research method used was a semi-structured interview. The participants of the research were special educators and speech therapists providing support to school-age children with special educational needs. The obtained results of the research helped to reveal children support specialists’ attitude towards collaboration-based support provision to a child with special educational needs and his/her family in Lithuania. The research revealed the importance and opportunities of the implementation of interprofessional coordinated support based on interprofessional collaboration, referring to the experience of speech therapists and special educators providing support to a school-age child with special educational needs and his/her family.
THE EDUCATIONAL POLICIES FOR SAFEGUARDING AND TRANSMITTING THE LANGUAGE AS AN INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Tvaltvadze Darejan , Gvelesiani Irina
Published: May 2020

Nowadays, almost all states of the world recognize the importance of the protection of cultural and language rights in sustainability of communities. This attitude is directed by globalizing processes, which strive to transform the world into a single entity via reducing differences. On the background of the globally-determined reformation, preservation of languages, traditions, values and other aspects of culture acquires the greatest urgency. Therefore, states have to pay a special attention to the protection of rights of ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities. The paper deals with the presentation of the progressive state policies as well as the projects/programs facilitating the integration of the ethnic minorities into the Georgian society with the emphasis on the general and higher education. The projects/programs aim at teaching the state language to those representatives of ethnic minorities, who have a poor knowledge or no knowledge of the Georgian language. Determination of the major challenges and outcomes of the projects/programs, discussion of some gaps, introduction of convenient opportunities of their “filling” - these are the major issues of the paper. The methodology of research includes observation, analysis and evaluation of the ongoing processes.
POSSIBILITIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN INTERIOR DESIGN
Authors: Briede Ingūna , Strode Aina
Published: May 2020

Sustainable design looks at the environmental, social and economic categories in interactions that deliver significant environmental and health solutions. Common trends in society show that sustainable thinking has not yet become a way of life and is fragmented. This justifies the need for both future and existing professionals – architects and environmental / interior designers – to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills in designing and evaluating projects in aspects of sustainability that are related to public health and well-being. The aim of the article is to determine the criteria for the evaluation of sustainable design, which should be taken into account during the development and implementation of the interior design project. Research methods – theoretical – research and analysis of scientific literature.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOWN-SHIELDS’ PLANNING IN BISHOPRICS OF LIVONIA DURING THE 13TH–14TH CENTURIES
Authors: Ozola Silvija
Published: May 2020

Traditions of the Christianity centres’ formation can be found in Jerusalem’s oldest part where instead of domestic inhabitants’ dwellings the second king of Israel (around 1005 BC–965 BC) David built his residence on a top of the Temple Mount surrounded by deep valleys. His fortress – the City of David protected from the north side by inhabitants’ stone buildings on a slope was an unassailable public and spiritual centre that northwards extended up to the Ophel used for the governance. David’s son, king of Israel (around 970–931 BC) Solomon extended the fortified urban area where Templum Solomonis was built. In Livonia, Bishop Albrecht obtained spacious areas, where he established bishoprics and towns. At foothills, residential building of inhabitants like shields guarded Bishop’s residence. The town-shield was the Dorpat Bishopric’s centre Dorpat and the Ösel–Wiek Bishopric’s centre Haapsalu. The town of Hasenpoth in the Bishopric of Courland (1234–1583) was established at subjugated lands inhabited by the Cours: each of bishopric's urban structures intended to Bishop and the Canonical Chapter was placed separately in their own village. The main subject of research: the town-shields’ planning in Livonia. Research problem: the development of town-shields’ planning at bishoprics in Livonia during the 13th and 14th century have been studied insufficiently. Historians in Latvia often do not take into account studies of urban planning specialists on historical urban planning. Research goal: to determine common and distinctive features of town-shield design in bishoprics of Livonia. Research novelty: town-shield plans of Archbishop’s and their vassals’ residences and capitals in Livonian bishoprics subjected to the Riga Archbishopric are analyzed. Results: study formation of Livonian town-shields’ layout and structure of the 13th and 14th centuries. Main methods: inspection of town-shields in nature, analysis of archive documents, projects, cartographic materials.
NATIONALLY-ORIENTED APPROACH TO THE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Authors: Grickevich Julia , Luk’janova Svetlana , Popkova Larisa , Jakovleva Anastasija
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the conceptualization of the possibilities of a nationally-oriented approach in the development of communicative competence, particularly of sociocultural competence, in the process of teaching foreign languages. The article dwells upon the interdependence of students' national characteristics, the degree of tolerance to ambiguity and the results of language testing. The theoretical basis are works on the methodology of teaching foreign languages related to the development of communicative competence, as well as to the concept of “tolerance to ambiguity”. The authors of the article determine the ways, means, methods of forming the proper level of tolerance to ambiguity, and therefore, a tolerant attitude to the values of the carriers of another culture. Experimental data were obtained in the course of work with groups of Chinese and Turkmen students studying Russian as a foreign language at Pskov State University, as well as with the groups of Russian-speaking school graduates who took mock  International English Language Testing System [IELTS] in St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk and Pskov. A nationally-oriented approach in teaching foreign languages should be prioritized not only at the stage of preparation for language testing, but also in the development of test materials.
ISLAMIC STYLE IN LANDSCAPE DESIGN ON THE EXAMPLE OF ANCIENT GARDENS OF THE TEMURID PERIOD
Authors: Makhmudova Malika , Makhmudova Muhayyo
Published: May 2020

The article considers the history of the creation and development of the Islamic garden, the characteristic features of landscape gardening art in the Islamic style through the prism of the development of ancient gardens of the Temurid period, in particular, on examples of gardens in Central Asia, Afghanistan and India, and other countries, including their perspectives development, as well as proposals for the creation of modern landscape design. Today, with the urbanization and the growth of cities, less territory remains for the green zone, therefore one of the main problems throughout the world is the preservation of the environment, and especially landscape architecture. Gardening art has come a long way and many masterpieces have been irretrievably lost. Today, all aspects of the history and development of Islamic-style gardens and parks are still not disclosed. For this reason the issue of studying traditional Islamic-style gardens and, of course, reviving the traditional park-building culture of the Temurids and Baburids era was raised in Uzbekistan to create a green environment of historical sites and national parks. As a result of the research, the following were considered and identified: the history of the development of Islamic landscape design, the types of gardens in the Islamic style, the history of the creation of various gardens, their names, planning and compositional solutions, characteristic features, decorative techniques for building gardens in Central Asia, Afghanistan, India, technical and water devices used in the Temurid Gardens, as well as the importance of the Temurids dynasty in creating gardens and parks in Afghanistan and India. The conducted research, the experience of designing and creating Islamic gardens in Central Asia, Afghanistan, India and other countries will allow using the recommendations aimed at creating a modern garden in the Islamic style not only in Uzbekistan, but in other countries.
ARTS THERAPIES IN LIFELONG LEARNING – OPPORTUNITIES AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Stiegele Dace , Paipare Mirdza
Published: May 2020

Observing lifelong learning programs in Latvia, there is a tendency to develop study courses that ensure the acquisition of new professional knowledge and skills, as well as their development, but a very minor section of courses and programs is devoted to the personality, resources, needs and acquisition of broad skills involved in adult education.In professional and scientific literature there is no reflection of the research conducted so far in Latvia on the use of arts therapies in maintaining the quality of life of adults in the context of lifelong learning.Purpose of the article: to research education as one of the indicators of quality of life in Europe and Latvia and differences and similarities in andragogy and arts therapies in order to get an idea of the possibilities of using arts therapies in lifelong learning.Method: content analysis of pedagogical and psychological literature, scientific articles, data of Eurostat population quality of life surveys, as well as official EU and Republic of Latvia guidelines on quality of life and lifelong learning issues.Results: the professional and personal competencies of an adult educator and an art therapist are highly demanding and have a number of common features. An adult educator and an art therapist have similar professional tasks - to see the needs of those involved in adult education and arts therapies, to support individual self-development, to encourage personality development, thus improving the quality of life. For each specialisation of arts therapies (music, dance and movement, drama and visual plastic) a specific application can be made according to target groups, educational stage and programs, as well as areas of needs.
CRIMINAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF A DRIVER DURING DRIVER TRAINING AND SKILL TESTING
Authors: Garjānis Māris
Published: May 2020

The determination of the driver of a vehicle has a key role to play in administrative infringement cases and criminal matters related to the violation of road trafficking rules, since the driver who committed the offence is recognised as a subject of an administrative violation or criminal offence, which is called the liability provided by the law.The concept of a driver covered by the Road Traffic Law is unclear and limits the right of the trainee to a high quality education in a safe training process within the framework of breakdown training, creating unjustified risks for the trainee or training (instructor) responsibility.As part of the study, the problem with the concept of driver will be identified and a new concept of driver will be developed.
METAPHOR ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS’ ROLES IN THE LESS COMMONLY TAUGHT EUROPEAN LANGUAGES PROGRAMS IN CHINA
Authors: Lu Yan , Kangro Ilze
Published: May 2020

Teachers’ individual understanding of the roles in their own profession influences the construction of teacher-student and other work relationships. It is also an important indicator for language program managers to perceive the teaching and learning process. Metaphor analysis is an effective method to raise awareness and reflection of professional roles among teachers. This study employs the open-ended questionnaire to investigate the professional roles of the teachers in the Less Commonly Taught European Languages (LCTELs) programs in China. The framework provided by De Guerrero and Villamil’s research is adapted to design and conduct the questionnaire. The elicited metaphors are collected, categorized and analysed, to answer the research questions: (1) How do the participants metaphorically conceptualize themselves as a LCTELs teacher? (2) Is their perception of roles consistent with the results generated in the previous researches about EFL/ESL practice? (3) Are teachers’ actual and expected professional roles identical? The final 38 collected metaphors were classified into 9 categories. The results either proved the metaphors of some traditional teaching roles in the previous researches, or presented the new ones which rooted in the unique practice of the LCTELs programs.
RIDING AS A SPORT OF TERAPEUTIC NATURE NARRATIVE STUDY
Authors: Burzawa Katarzyna Renata
Published: May 2020

The healing effects of horse riding have been known for a long time. These qualities were already recognized in ancient times - Hippocrates believed that riding a horse stimulates the functioning of the body, while Socrates noticed its impact on the exercise of the body and senses. In turn, Avicenna considered horse riding to be an excellent exercise for the body. In the sixteenth century, doctors confirmed the beneficial effects of horse riding, considering it useful for health. In 1750, Francisco Fuller mentioned horse riding in the first study of sports medicine, noticing its impact on the state of mind and human body (Bednarczyk 2015). The horse played a huge role in human life, and the nature of this relationship has changed over the years. The subject of the article focuses on the equestrian sport, which therapeutic effect takes place through the constant dialogue between the rider and the horse. This relationship is manifested in a special relationship of man and animal, which has an emotional character. The phenomenon of this interaction was presented in the Amazon narrative, which through riding and communing with these animals, has found a new dimension of life. The research was embedded in qualitative orientation, which allowed to understand a fragment of the narrator's reality and her experience of everyday life.
CORRELATION BETWEEN TYPE D PERSONALITY TRAITS AND PROBLEM SOLVING IN STUDENTS
Authors: Sudraba Velga , Strīķe Ilze
Published: May 2020

Type D personality is characterized by the synergic effects of two persistent personality traits: negative affectivity combined with simultaneous suppression of these emotions in social situations to avoid disapproval or rejection. Type D personality traits are more prominent in certain professions and specialties, including assistance and care, which affect both behavior and problem solving in many ways, resulting in emotionally focused problem solving and avoidance style. The aim of the study - determine the relationship between Type D personality traits and problem-solving skills in students. Research question: Is there a correlation between Type D personality traits and problem-solving skills? 160 students from two faculties of Rīga Stradiņš University participated in the study - Faculty of Public Health and Social Welfare and Faculty of Rehabilitation. The permission from the Ethics Committee of Rīga Stradiņš University was obtained to do the research. Data were obtained electronically in May 2019. Three surveys were used in the research: Three questionnaires are used in the study: demographic questionnaire, DS14: Standard Assessment of Negative Affectivity, Social Inhibition, and Type D Personality and Problem Solving Inventory. The study found a statistically significant positive correlation between the level of social inhibition and the level of negative affectivity, there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the level of problem solving and the level of avoidance style, there is a statistically significant negative correlation between the age of the respondents and the level of negative affectivity and there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the level of negative affectivity and the level of problem solving.
CLASS ATTENDANCE AS A FACTOR AFFECTING ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: Doniņa Agita , Svētiņa Karīna , Svētiņš Kristaps
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether class attendance in higher education improves academic performance. The research has been performed among bachelor level (EQF 6) international students studying in English for a full-time degree in Latvia.  The attendance is analysed for fall and spring semesters while the academic performance has been analysed in three categories – midterm exam grade, exam grade and the final assessment. Correlation as a research instrument has been applied. The research results reveal interconnectivity between the attendance of classes and the subsequent academic performance.The results of the correlation obtained have been discussed with a representative of Higher Education Export Association.