bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction board resistance to accelerated aging
Authors: Mirski Radosław , Derkowski Adam , Dziurka Dorota
Published: November 2021

Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated for industrial and laboratory boards intended to be used in the construction industry. The boards were subjected to accelerated aging tests including resistance to humidity in the conditions of cyclic test in accordance with EN 321 (2002), and determination of dimensional changes resulting from changes in relative humidity according to EN 318 (2002). The greatest changes were observed after one test cycle. Moreover, the boards made of fine chips demonstrated slightly higher resistance to the tested factors. Although laboratory boards showed a much lower density, their behavior following the exposure to the assessed factors was similar to that of industrial plates.
Delayed elastic strain and set-recovery evaluation in high-pressure densified hybrid poplar wood – New assessment considerations
Authors: Yan Kaiya , Zhang Fengming , Du Yang , Ramaswamy Hosahalli S. , Zhu Songming , Hu Lihui , Yu Yong
Published: November 2021

The deformation behavior of high-pressure (HP)-treated hybrid poplar wood, the subsequent swelling, and the equilibrium moisture content properties of HP-densified wood were evaluated using a modified delayed strain/set-recovery method of cyclic humidification-dehumidification at different relative humidity (RH) conditions. The HP treatment resulted in significant compression (densification) of the wood under different treatment conditions. For treated wood samples, the value of delayed elastic strain was relatively small when stored at 20 °C and 65% RH, which indicated that HP-densified wood possessed dimensional stability. The HP-compressed poplar yielded lower equilibrium moisture content than the control at low RH, while major increases were observed at high RH above 76%. Marginal of thickness swelling was observed under the cyclic humidification-dehumidification method in the low RH range while significant swelling occurred at high RH. Conventional methods would only show results that were appropriate for storage at high RH environments. The RH threshold for set-recovery of HP-compressed wood was between 33% and 54% for optimal use, and the extent of set-recovery increased rapidly when RH was between 85% and 95%. Such differences could not be recognized with the conventional methods. In addition, the prolonged holding time significantly decreased the RH threshold value (P < 0.05).
El documental indigena Colombiano en primera persona
Authors: Jurado David Antonio
Published: November 2021

El uso de una primera persona del singular en el audiovisual indígena resulta controversial dado el ideario político de los colectivos audiovisuales indígenas. Sin embargo, existen excepciones: los documentales que abordan o tienen que ver con procesos migratorios hacia la ciudad. El choque cultural y el individualismo de las urbes hacen emerger subjetividades en conflicto que no por ello dejan de tener un fuerte arraigo en las tradiciones originarias. A partir de un corpus de tres cortometrajes representativos y de un acercamiento histórico, narrativo e ideológico, analizo las distintas aristas de este fenómeno. Después de un periodo de apropiación de los medios audiovisuales, el documental en primera persona brinda indicios de un nuevo periodo, más intimista, en la historia del audiovisual indígena.
Um sidur para Saramago
Authors: Grünhagen Sara
Published: November 2021

N’O evangelho segundo Jesus Cristo, publicado em 1991, Saramago coloca orações judaicas na boca das suas personagens, como aquela, presente no Talmude, segundo a qual um homem deveria agradecer por não ser mulher. Neste trabalho busco analisar o modo como essas orações e outros textos judaicos são recuperados e trabalhados na narrativa, servindo para a construção das personagens, dos seus hábitos, da sua cultura e da sua religião. Como ocorre com a intertextualidade do romance com o texto bíblico, mais conhecida e estudada, a utilização dessas referências não é pacífica: Saramago busca, por exemplo, rever o lugar de subalternidade da mulher no tempo e espaço retratados. Procuro analisar a abordagem simultaneamente crítica, histórica e ficcional desses intertextos, que não deixam de ser valorizados por outras razões, como o seu caráter poético. Abordo, ainda, a maneira como esse diálogo pôde ser explorado por Saramago graças à ajuda e ao sidur de Sam Levy, uma figura importante para a história deste romance.
THE PUBLIC ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE PROBLEMS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AND THEIR READINESS FOR INTEGRATION THROUGH EMPLOYMENT
Authors: Stoevska P.
Published: November 2021

The focus of this article is on the attitudes of different social groups towards the problems of people with disabilities and their willingness to assist in the processes of their integration through work. For this purpose an empirical survey was conducted in the period October - December 2019 through anonymous paper and electronic questionnaires, including 28 questions, grouped in 5 sections. The survey covers 250 participants from across the country at different ages and with different socio-demographic profiles. The data are processed by the methods of descriptive statistics, as well as one-dimensional and two-dimensional frequency analysis. The survey shows that a significant proportion of respondents demonstrate an understanding of the problems of people with disabilities, a willingness to help overcome the negative stereotypes towards disabled people with regard to their inclusion in the labor market. On the other hand, the general public is not sufficiently informed about the efforts of the government sector, human rights and non-governmental organizations on the labor integration of this vulnerable group, due to insufficient promotion of legislative and regulatory changes and their practical application in this field of social policy of the state. Another finding from the empirical study is that the opportunities for integration of persons with disabilities through work are not guaranteed both because of their lack of initiative and due to the existing manifestations of discrimination by some employers in the employment of persons with disabilities.
PERSONAL PROFILE AND SOCIAL ORIENTATIONS IN THE INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG STUDENTS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE
Authors: Bacheva M.
Published: November 2021

The PURPOSE of this study is to investigate the level of assertive behavior and self-esteem in students, teaching nurses and midwives, and to shape their personal profile and social orientations in interpersonal relationships.
MATERIAL and METHODS: Were investigated 44 students studying in the nursing and midwifery profession for the level of the assertiveness and the behavior in interpersonal relationships. The research was carried out by a test method, with the following questionnaires specifically applied: Personality scale for the study of assertiveness- J. Tindall, Scale for the study of global self-esteem"- M. Rozenberg, Test for interpersonal relationships- T. Leary, were also studied.
RESULTS: The results do not differ statistically significant from the normative sample, i.e. students studying to be nurses and midwives randomized to participate in this study demonstrated a level of assertiveness and self-esteem within the norm. However, there is a slight tendency for higher results in the group of midwives in terms of assertiveness and self-esteem.
CONCLUSION: Students studying in both regulated professions should be encouraged to generate assertive skills. By establishing the characteristics of personality traits, which builds the profile of the medical specialist, can be considered as target units and stimulates appropriate socially significant orientation in behavior, corresponding to the needs of the two regulated professions.
STUDY OF THE STUDENT WORKLOAD PER DAY IN WORKING WITH COMPUTERS
Authors: Albert M.
Published: November 2021

Student everyday work is unthinkable without the use of a computer. The human body has several systems that allow it to adapt its posture to the environment. The present study examines the posture that students maintain when working with computers.
The purpose of the study is to determine how many hours a day students majoring in rehabilitation work with a computer. Are they familiar with the correct ergonomic posture while implementing these activities.
Methods: For the purposes of this analysis, 72 people were interviewed. The sample was determined in accordance with the accessibility of the participants involved. The survey includes first, second and third year students majoring in specialty “Rehabilitator” at the Medical College "Yordanka Filaretova", Medical University - Sofia. The study is conducted in the last week of April 2020.
The results of this survey show that 95% of respondents do not use a specialized program to monitor the duration of work with a computer. Only 2% do not have computers and all use mobile phones.
Conclusion: The stay of students in front of computers that are used for different purposes has been significantly increased. This is a serious precondition for systemic hypodynamics, posture disorders and visual analyser overloading.
THE TRAINING QUALITY IN HIGHER MEDICAL SCHOOLS INFLUENCED BY THE STUDENTS
Authors: Kyuchukova S.
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE: Talking and writing about the training service quality is a delicate topic, especially in the field of Higher education, which prepares personnel for medical practice. A number of factors and conventions influence the training quality of these students. They are major, important and determining component in the process.
METHODS: Target: To indicate new objective and subjective factors affecting directly the training process in Higher Medical University (HMU), and to take into account the degree of students’ influence on it;
Tasks: To indicate new factors affecting the training process in HMS; to report mathematically and statistically the degree of students’ influence on the academic and practical activity; to prepare questionnaires and to process them statistically; to formulate conclusions.
Contingent: 176 medical students and 23 academic tutors from the Faculty of Medicine, Trakia
University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
CONCLUSION& After completing the tasks, the following conclusions were made:
Students - respondents: 87% like their university; 61% find the classroom activities interesting; 2/3 of them do not know the internal rules of their university and faculty.
Teachers - respondents: 97% indicate the poor general preparation as a stopper; 59% find the students' self-assessment unrealistic and define it as an obstacle to good coursework.
30 years of United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in Germany
Authors: Boutiuc-Kaiser Alina
Published: November 2021

Thirty years have passed since Germany ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and is now on the verge of incorporating it into its Basic Law. This article takes a closer look at recent developments in strengthening children's rights in Germany, focusing on vulnerable children and youth, such as members of the Romani minority, and their educational development. While some improvements have been made in education, the COVID-19 pandemic brought new dimensions into play and exacerbated their vulnerability.
Regional Perspectives on the Neolithic Anthropomorphic Imagery of Northern Greece
Authors: Nanoglou Stratos
Published: November 2021

This article considers the ways in which regional differences in material culture are constituted and maintained, using the example of Neolithic anthropomorphic figures from northern Greece. The aim of the paper is to offer an alternative approach to the still dominant discourse that attributes variation to some sort of ethnic identity, by redirecting emphasis onto the active rehearsal of localities through the use of material culture. In this vein, some examples are offered that pertain to the production and use of figures with different traits in adjacent areas of northern Greece.
From Reactor to Royalty? Aegean and Anatolian Obsidians from Quartier Mu, Malia (Crete)
Authors: Carter Tristan , Kilikoglou Vassilis
Published: November 2021

This paper details the sourcing by neutron activation analysis of 60 obsidian artifacts from Quartier Mu, an important Middle Bronze Age complex at Malia, central Crete. Four sources are represented—three Aegean (Sta Nychia and Dhemenegaki on Melos, plus Giali), and one central Anatolian (East Göllü Dag?), an unusually wide array in an Aegean Bronze Age context, and one that reflects the community’s varied craft-working activities and overseas contacts. The raw materials enjoyed different uses, with clear evidence for the differential consumption of Melian obsidians. Furthermore, the East Göllü Dag? material attests connections with the kingdoms of central Anatolia at a crucial period of Crete’s own (pre)history, the time of the first ‘Minoan palaces’. It is suggested that the movement of this obsidian was embedded within diplomatic contacts and/or the metals trade: tin coming from the east, with Aegean silver channeled to the central Anatolian ka¯ru¯ and their Assyrian sponsors beyond.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRAIN/STRESS FIELDS IN BERKOVICH/VICKERS INDENTATION: COMPARISONS WITH THIN FILM DELAMINATION AND SHEAR BAND FORMATION
Authors: Kampouris A. K. , Lappas K.-I. , Konstantinidis Avraam A. , Aifantis Elias C.
Published: November 2021

Starting from the simple assumption that the displacement field underneath a pyramidal (Berkovich/Vickers) tip for very shallow indents is described by the Boussinesq solution, while for deeper ones is dictated by the tip's specific geometry, a combination of the two leads to a combined displacement field for the material at contact with the tip. Continuum mechanics is then utilized for the calculation of the strain tensor, while gradient elasticity theory is adopted for the determination of the stress tensor underneath the tip. Gradient elasticity was assumed in order for the gradient term to be able to model, in this case, the inhomogeneously applied load due to the specific tip geometry, which is different than a flat punch. The thus calculated stress component along the loading (vertical) direction is a parametric function of the material's elastic constants (Poisson's ratio, Lame constants), as well as of the maximum elastic deformation and the gradient coefficient. By appropriately modifying these parameters, the proposed formulation seems to be able to predict the mechanical response of the material underneath the indenter for the specific pyramidal tip geometry (Berkovich or Vickers), without any approximations or empirical relations. The validity of the proposed formulation's predictions was checked against thin film delamination and shear band formation AFM/SEM micrographs, which showed a very good qualitative as well as quantitative comparison with the theoretical predictions.
Ontological Analysis of the Research by the Lancaster Branch of Actor-Network Theory: From Perception to Object
Authors: Popov Evgeniy
Published: November 2021

In this article, the author attempts to consider the lacuna of “applied” ontology as proposed by the Lancaster version of the actor-network theory within the framework of a broader philosophically funded approach of Graham Harman (complemented by Levi Bryant’s ideas). This is done in order to clarify the position of the Lancaster version of ANT, according to which the same object may have several ontological modes, being, nevertheless, the same “real” object. For the purposes of analysis, the classical works of A. Mol and J. Law in addition to the works of L. Wittgenstein, L. Bryant, and H. Harman are used. The author of the article concludes that the ontological reality of objects and the perception of single objects as discrete ones within the framework of the ANT Lancaster branch results from the fact that Mol and Law do not fit their research into the framework of broader ontologies. They create their own local ontologies instead. Nevertheless, this “ontological lack” can and should be improved to increase research fruitfulness and complexity.
Are People Becoming Better?
Authors: Nikiforov Alexander
Published: November 2021

Book Review: Steven Pinker, Luchshee v nas: pochemu nasiliya v mire stalo men’she [The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence has Declined] (Moscow, 2021) (in Russian).
The State for Youth or Youth for the State: Discourses of Youth Policy in the EU and Russia
Authors: Mayboroda Alina , Sablina Anastasia , Yasaveev Iskender
Published: November 2021

The article is focused on youth politics in the UK, Germany, Finland, and Russia. Based on a constructionist approach, we analyze the rhetoric of youth policy, subjects of problematization, as well as the image of the country and youth of the future presented in the documents. The empirical base of the article is 21 youth-policy documents (laws, state programs, and youth strategies) of Finland, Germany, United Kingdom, and Russia. The analysis of normative documents showed that the discourse of youth policies in the European Union is dominated by the rhetoric of entitlement, and the motifs are equality of opportunity and access, rights, independence, empowerment, sustainable development of society, participation, and citizenship. The discourse of Russian youth policy is distinguished by the rhetoric idiom of ‘unreason’. The main motifs of the rhetoric are traditional values, education, and patriotism. European youth-policies, which emphasize rights and opportunities of youth, are oriented toward the development and support of young people, while the Russian youth policy is “state-centric”, oriented to the development of the country.
Science as a Ceremonial Exchange: A Theory of Attention Spaces, Academic Status, and Symbolic Struggle
Authors: Sokolov Mikhail
Published: November 2021

The article develops a middle-range theory offering a novel perspective of the logic of the distribution of attention, allocation of status, and competition in academia. Since Merton, the relations between these processes were usually cast in quasi-market terms in which individuals exchanged novel information for attention and recognition; investing the latter into the production of further information, the symbolic struggle takes the form of a market competition. As an alternative, I suggest a theoretical vocabulary comparing the academic world to an aristocratic society in which the status of each agent is estimated on the basis of visits they pay and is being paid. The major form of the symbolic struggle is conspicuously ignoring each other. Visits in this model stand for a distribution of publicly recognized attention to the work of one’s colleagues. Academics tend to create circles or scenes requiring mutual recognition on the part of their members, and suppressing recognized awareness of intellectual developments in the outside world. Scenes could be more or less legitimate depending on if their borders coincide with the divisions of classifications of areas and/or subjects, with established disciplines being prototypically-legitimate scenes. I discuss the conditions of the emergence of less-legitimate scenes typical for the periphery of the academic world system.
Treatment of bronchial asthma and asthmoid bronchitis by inhalation of izadrin aerosol
Authors: Sharonova Z. V.
Published: November 2021

Bronchial asthma and chronic asthmoid bronchitis are quite common diseases among workers in the chemical industry.
Removal of a foreign body of the ureter
Authors: Girfanov V. S.
Published: November 2021

A foreign body of the ureter is an extremely rare pathology, almost always associated with a gunshot wound, and a foreign body can enter the ureter not only at the time of injury, but also "secondarily" - from the renal pelvis.
A case of acute pyrogallol poisoning
Authors: Teregulov E. A. , Tickled A. P.
Published: November 2021

Pyrogallol (trioxybenzene) belongs to phenols in terms of chemical structure. It is used in hair and fur dyes, photography and in laboratories for gas analysis.
Calcification and ossification in goiter
Authors: Pushkarev N. I.
Published: November 2021

There is little literature on calcification and ossification in goiter. We found the most complete description of this pathology in the work of V.N. Shubin (1931), who met calcification 19 times on 112 operated goiters.
Oximetric studies in chronic nonspecific lung diseases
Authors: Dudova V. A.
Published: November 2021

Oximetric studies were carried out in 48 patients, of whom 18 were with chronic emphysema of the lungs, pneumosclerosis with circulatory failure of 2 and 3 degrees (cor pulmonale II).
Electrophoretic studies of proteins and lipoids of blood serum in women in labor and newborns and their importance in toxicosis
Authors: Fevraleva G. V.
Published: November 2021

While the data of most authors agree in assessing changes in the protein composition of blood serum during normal pregnancy, there are significant disagreements regarding its changes in toxicosis in the second half of pregnancy.
The method of pneumoperitoneum in the diagnosis and determination of the operability of cancer of the upper stomach
Authors: Kucherkov E. G.
Published: November 2021

Although radical operations for cancer of the upper part of the stomach have become widespread, a large percentage of operations for such lesions ends with a trial laparotomy due to the extensive spread of the tumor to the surrounding tissue organs, which has not been clarified before the operation.
To X-ray diagnostics of malignant neoplasms in patients with operated stomach
Authors: Goldstein M. I.
Published: November 2021

The decisive method for the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the stomach is surgical intervention. The successes achieved in this direction are limited mainly to surgery for primary cancer of the stomach. Patients with recurrent tumors in the stomach stump, as well as with secondary malignant neoplasms in this area after surgery for peptic ulcer, polyps and other diseases, were considered doomed and hopeless until recently.
The experience of organizing obstetrics in the Bolshe-Bereznikovsky district of the Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Authors: Nazarkin N. Ya.
Published: November 2021

Four years ago, there were no collective farm maternity hospitals in our region. The district and one of the local hospitals had only 12 beds for women in labor.
Chemotherapy in oncology
Authors: Lyubina N. I.
Published: November 2021

Six breakout sessions were devoted to this problem, at which 164 reports were heard and 66 presented in abstracts without being read out at the sessions.
Extirpation of the stump of the operated stomach for cancer
Authors: Sigal M. Z.
Published: November 2021

The issue of cancer of the stump of a previously resected stomach is insufficiently covered in the literature, and operations on this matter are performed very rarely. So, according to A. V. Melnikov (1960), out of 22 operations performed by domestic surgeons in this regard, there were 18 extirpations of the stump. The nature of the 4 operations is not specified.
Coelomic cyst of the pericardium
Authors: Astrozhnikov Yu. V. , Smirnova V. K.
Published: November 2021

Coelomic cysts are rare. They make up from 3-4% (Ringerz and Linholm) to 8% (LK Rolik) of all tumors and cysts of the mediastinum.
Dermoid cyst of the abdominal cavity
Authors: Smetanin B. F.
Published: November 2021

Due to the rarity and difficulty of diagnosis, dermoid cysts of the abdominal cavity are recognized only during surgery or at autopsy.
Retroperitoneal tumor of the sympathetic trunk
Authors: Orlov V. Ya.
Published: November 2021

Sympathogoniomas account for 4.9% of all cases of malignant tumors in children (MV Volkov and MM Brzhezovsky). According to K.A. Moskaleva, sympathogonia were established in 2 out of 36 children who underwent nephrectomy for tumors.
Teratoma of the sacrococcygeal region in children
Authors: Yakovleva K. I.
Published: November 2021

Among a number of congenital anomalies and deformities of the presacral area, a mixed benign tumor - teratoma - occupies one of the first places.
Cervical polyps
Authors: Kozlov L. A.
Published: November 2021

The work is the result of a comprehensive study of patients, in which, along with the usual clinical and morphological techniques, relatively new methods were used - phase contrast and luminescence microscopy.
From the experience of combating ixodid ticks with vectors of spring-summer tick-borne encephalitis
Authors: Smetanina M. A.
Published: November 2021

The beginning of the activity of the tick - the vector of spring-summer encephalitis - Ixodes persulcatus in the deciduous and mixed forests of the TASSR is marked from the second decade of April at an average daily air temperature of 4-5, -1- 10.4o and an average ten-day f-6.5 , 4-8.0 . The mass activity of ticks is observed in the third decade of May and the first decade of June.
To the assessment of changes in the electrocardiogram in coronary insufficiency
Authors: Tyavokin V. V.
Published: November 2021

In the literature there are a number of reports on the effect of physical activity on the coronary circulation, but we did not find any works on the effect of a regimen with restriction of muscle movements on the ECG of patients with coronary insufficiency. This article reports the results of research on this issue. In addition, ECG changes were studied in patients in the subacute stage of myocardial infarction under the influence of walking.
Experience in the complex therapy of chronic leg ulcers
Authors: Gataullin A. B.
Published: November 2021

With patients suffering from chronic ulcers of the legs, it is necessary to meet a practical doctor relatively often both in a hospital setting and in a clinic. At the same time, despite the variety of methods of their treatment, the percentage of failures is still significant.
Experimental portal hypertension and portocaval anastomosis
Authors: Arbuzova M. S.
Published: November 2021

The problem of the pathogenesis and treatment of portal hypertension and cirrhosis of the liver is one of the most complex and difficult chapters of modern medicine. The difficulty lies both in the variety of etiological and pathogenetic features of this syndrome, and in the low effectiveness of conservative and surgical methods of treatment.
About lumbosacral radiculitis with damage to the upper lumbar roots
Authors: Smirnov A. N.
Published: November 2021

Lumbosacral radiculitis is the most common reason for referring to neuropathologists at polyclinics. According to DA Shamburov, sciatica accounts for 12-20% of all nervous diseases and 60-70% of all lesions of the peripheral nervous system.
Towards recognizing renal diabetes
Authors: Lushnikova L. A.
Published: November 2021

Even Lenin (1895) and Klemperer (1896) described chronic glycosuria, which by pathogenesis, clinical picture and prognosis has nothing to do with classical diabetes mellitus. The authors called this form renal diabetes, considering that glycosuria is based on an increase in the permeability of the renal barrier for sugar.
Predicting treatment outcomes for uncomplicated closed fractures of the thoracic spine
Authors: Tinchurina S. G. , Kamalov I. I.
Published: November 2021

The long-term results of conservative and surgical treatment of 200 patients with closed uncomplicated fractures of the thoracic spine were analyzed and tables of the frequency of signs that characterize this group of patients were compiled. Based on the data obtained, tables were compiled for the computational prediction of the outcomes of closed uncomplicated fractures of the thoracic spine with conservative and surgical treatment. The use of computational prediction tables in the practice of medical institutions will make it possible to objectively assess the condition of the victim, determine the effectiveness of a particular treatment method and recommend the most appropriate one.
Treatment of diphtheria bacilli carriers with mycerin
Authors: Sorokin A. A. , Kalashnikova M. A.
Published: November 2021

At present, there is still no reliable remedy in the fight against diphtheria bacillus.
On the significance of the ideological struggle against Freudianism in modern medicine and philosophy
Authors: Stankevich E. S.
Published: November 2021

Currently, the old theory of Freud, with its primacy of instincts over consciousness, is manifested in the so-called sociological direction of psychoanalysis, called neo-Freudianism. Representatives of this new trend moved away from a purely Freudian position, explaining neuroses in terms of only one sexual desire.
Hypogammaglobulinemia and therapeutic use of gamma globulin
Authors: Abukova R. A.
Published: November 2021

In the Soviet Union, gammaglobulin was first obtained in 1946 by Kholchev and Kolesnikova from the blood serum of donors. At first, it was used to prevent measles, and then, as the content of various antibodies in it was studied, it began to be used for poliomyelitis (Leitman, Strakhova, Denisenko, Bogdanov), Botkin's disease (Ananiev, Grachev, Fabrikantov), ​​whooping cough (Khropetskaya), scarlet fever ( Kaushanskaya, Zhagullo, Mauerman). Gammaglobulins were also obtained from the blood serum of animals, which were successfully used for rabies (Selimov, Durasova, Kovalevskaya. Kobrinsky, Chun-syun), plague (Semenova, Ponomareva), smallpox (Mirosennikova). Gammaglobulin in industrial conditions is prepared from the placental serum of healthy women in labor.
Oxygen deficiency in hypertension
Authors: Schneider M. S.
Published: November 2021

The book is intended for a wide range of practitioners. The description of specific data on oxygen deficiency at various stages of hypertensive disease is preceded by a presentation of general information about the physiology of respiration, its impairments and methods for studying the functional state of the respiratory apparatus
First All-Russian Congress of Dermato Venereologists
Authors: Kondratyev G. G.
Published: November 2021

The congress was attended by about 500 delegates. 142 reports were heard on the following program issues: 1) the state of dermato-venereal power in the USSR and the next tasks to improve it; 2) treatment of syphilis and gonorrhea: 3) hemo dermis
Two-channel internal hysterography technique
Authors: Abramchenko V. V.
Published: November 2021

The technique of two-channel internal hysterography, indications and contraindications for its implementation, hydrodynamic justification, and the area of practical use are described. This technique can be more widely used in obstetric practice in the study of abnormalities of labor, in the early diagnosis of weakness in labor, prevention of birth trauma, in the study of various drugs used in childbirth.
Some indicators of autonomic reactions in applicants and students when passing exams
Authors: Yapeev R. S. , Kotlyarevsky E. V. , Khamitov H. S.
Published: November 2021

The study of the state of humoral reactions among applicants during entrance competitive examinations and among students during exams during their studies at a university was carried out. Indicators - the content of catecholamines and steroid hormones in the blood and their excretion in the urine, hemodynamic and some biochemical data can be used as objective criteria for the level of emotional and mental tension of applicants and students.
Foreign body of the esophagus, complicated by retropharyngeal abscess and mediastinitis
Authors: Baityakov V. V. , Fedotov V. V. , Bocharov A. I.
Published: November 2021

T., 55 years old, choked on a fish bone while eating. After 2 days, she was admitted to the ENT clinic with complaints of sore throat, hoarseness, sharp difficulty in swallowing and breathing. The general condition of the patient is severe, the neck is enlarged due to edema of soft tissues, the skin is pale, on the anterior surface of the chest there are massive subcutaneous hemorrhages. The patient retains a forced position, cannot lie on the couch on her own. Palpation of the neck and interscapular region causes severe pain. Temperature 39.3 .
Strangulated intestinal obstruction with extensive necrosis of the small intestine in an elderly patient
Authors: Krasilnikov D. M. , Dzamukov A. D. , Yunusov R. V.
Published: November 2021

Diagnosis and treatment of acute intestinal obstruction is extremely difficult, especially in elderly and senile people. I., 90 years old, was admitted to the surgical department on 14 / ІХ 1980 at 21 hours with complaints of severe abdominal pain of a constant nature, vomiting of bile, stool retention, severe weakness. Suddenly fell ill on 13 / IX: at 9 o'clock there were severe cramping pains in the abdomen, vomiting, severe weakness. Over time, the pain became constant, vomiting did not stop. Within 36 hours before admission to the surgical department, the patient was repeatedly examined by emergency doctors. In 1970, the patient underwent surgery for gangrenous appendicitis. Such an attack marks the first time.
A. Sugar, J. Banozzi, I. Rat, K. Shallai. Diseases of the oral cavity. Budapest, 1980, 383 pages
Authors: Gasimov F. G. , Khitrov V. Y. , Khamidullina K. A.
Published: November 2021

The monograph begins with an interesting historical background on the origin and formation of the medical specialty in periodontal and oral mucosa diseases. Chapter 1 "Biology of the oral cavity" is presented taking into account modern knowledge of embryology, anatomy, histology and physiology. Most of it is occupied by the characteristics of the immune system of the oral cavity, based on the latest data from immunology. The authors present the oral cavity as a well-coordinated, harmoniously functioning system.
Trata global y negocios locales: el tráfico de esclavos en el Río de la Plata por la Real Compañía de Filipinas, 1786-1790
Authors: Ibarra Antonio
Published: November 2021

Esta investigación se centra en las operaciones de la Real Compañía de Filipinasen el mercado global, en este caso, sobre la trata de esclavos entre África yAmérica como acercamiento a las dimensiones locales del comercio global. Seexaminan las causas y consecuencias de una empresa que, aunque fallida, abrió unnuevo ciclo en la trata negrera rioplatense y su inserción en la economía globalde fines del siglo xviii.
Exposure and Income: Preliminary Findings on Labor Supply on High Pollution Days
Authors: Hoffmann Bridget , Rud Juan Pablo
Published: November 2021

We study labor supply decisions on days with high levels of air pollution in Mexico City's metropolitan area using hourly levels of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) air pollution at the locality level. We document a negative, non-linear relationship between PM 2.5 levels and daily labor supply, with strong effects on days with extremely high pollution levels. On these days, the average worker experiences a reduction of around 7.5% of working hours. Workers partially compensate for lost hours by increasing their labor supply on days that follow high pollution days. We provide evidence that income constraints may play an important role in workers labor supply decisions, as we find more moderate responses among informal and low-income workers.
WOMEN’S WRITING AND WOMEN’S FREEDOM: ABOUT TOLSTOY’S NOVEL “FAMILY HAPPINESS”
Authors: Molnar Angelika
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to aspects of women’s writing and women’s freedom in Leo Tolstoy’s novel “Family Happiness” (1859), which is studied by researchers widely, including the context of the “women’s freedom”, despite the fact that it is not solved in it “progressively”. Tolstoy does not justify the feminist expectations of the reader, whose attention is attracted not so much by the question of the social status of women in a patriarchal society or in the big world (although this topic is also being significantly rethought), as by the path of self-knowledge that runs through experience and understanding the essence of love, flirt, and happiness. Each of the spouses must go this way by oneself; only then will the broken bonds of marriage be sealed again, and the spouses will find unity in real “family happiness” – children. Such a result contradicts what the gender approach, sometimes attributed to the works of the classics. The main subject of the narrative – the question of happiness – is considered ambiguously, in the conflict of male and female writing: both ideologically (in reasoning) and metaphorically (in so-called “lyrical digressions”). The narrative, ideological layers, and the layer of imagery of Tolstoy’s novella cannot be distinguished: the plot twists turn out to be in relation to the images of nature and demonstrate the evolution of the heroine’s understanding of happiness.
MARK FISHER: FREE CRITICISM AS GESTURE
Authors: Sinelnikov Igor V.
Published: November 2021

The review analyzes the Russian edition of Mark Fisher’s essay collection (1968–2017) “The Ghosts of My Life: Writings on Depression, Hauntology and Lost Futures”, translated by Maria Ermakova, 2021. The theoretical and biographical premises that make up the critical toolkit of Mark Fisher are introduced. It helps to distinguish his essays from a number of similar ones. The author analyzes the formation of the phenomenon of Fisher’s popularity as a culture critic in an intellectual environment as well as structural and symbolic features that form an integral unity of heterogeneous texts in the essay collection.
RUSSIAN SCIENTISTS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRODUCTIVE FORCES OF DAGESTAN IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY - 1930s
Authors: Bulatov Bashir B. , Huseynov Medzhid Sh.
Published: November 2021

The article examines the great work of Russian scientists in Dagestan since the middle of the 19th century. Despite the military actions taking place in the North Caucasus, scientists conducted exploration work of oil fields and other productive forces here. During this period, Professor and then Academician G. Abikh wrote scientific works on the natural resources of Dagestan. Subsequently, his discoveries were confirmed by the most prominent scientists. In the article, we note the great work carried out by professors D. V. Golubyatnikov, K. P. Kalitsky and other scientists in the investigation of the oil-bearing regions of Dagestan. As a result of their activities, the “Dagestanskiye Ogni” plant appeared, new oil regions in the Republic.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE COMBINATION OF THE KABARDIAN AND BALKAR EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONS. REGULATION OF AUGUST 17, 1922
Authors: Shereuzhev Asker Zh.
Published: November 2021

Based on the documents revealed in the archives of the Directorate of the Center for Documentation of Contemporary History of the Archival Service of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic of the UTSDNI AS KBR, with the involvement of researchers, the problem of uniting the Kabardian and Balkar executive committees on August 17, 1922 is discussed. The position of the Kabardian and Balkar political elites on this issue is disclosed. All the meetings at which the issue of uniting the Kabardian and Balkar executive committees was considered were considered separately. The Regulations on the unification of the Kabardian and Balkar executive committees adopted on August 17, 1922 are analyzed in detail. Information is given that, despite the unification of the Kabardian and Balkar executive committees, various conflict situations occurred between them. The results of the unification of the Kabardian and Balkar executive committees are being summed up.
Moderating Effect of Environmental Uncertainties on the Relationship between Risk Hedging Supply Chain Strategy and Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Kenya
Authors: Muriithi Karani Anthony , Sammy Odari , Shalle Noor
Published: November 2021

The manufacturing sector in Kenya is faced by the challenges of performance and unstructured supply chain strategy. Further, the manufacturing sector growth in 2014 was 3.4% compared to a 5.6% growth in 2013 (Waiguru, 2015). This slow growth in manufacturing sector performance can be attributed to several environmental uncertainties such as the general election, high production costs, supply disruptions, political stability, unavailability of raw materials or demand fluctuations, technological changes, employees’ strikes, financial risk, terrorism and competition from imported goods (KNBS, 2018).The purpose of the study was to determine the moderating effect of environmental uncertainties on the relationship between risk hedging supply chain strategy and performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study utilized descriptive research design. The target population was 829 managers from manufacturing firms around the country. A sample of 270 managers was selected using stratified random sampling. Results indicated that risk hedging supply chain strategy explained 63.8% of the total variations in performance of manufacturing firms. In addition, risk hedging supply chain strategy had a positive and significant effect on firm performance (β=0.675, P < .000). With introduction of moderating variable (environmental uncertainties); risk hedging supply chain strategy explained 34% of the total variations in performance of manufacturing firms. This denoted those environmental uncertainties had a negative moderating effect on the relationship between risk hedging supply chain strategy and performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study concluded that risk hedging supply chain strategy had a positive and statistically significant effect on performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study further concluded that environmental uncertainties lower the effect of risk hedging supply chain strategy on firm performance. The study recommends that manufacturing firms should strengthen aspects related to risk hedging supply chain strategy. The firms should particularly strengthen safety stock, suppliers’ management and quality. The improvement of these aspects is expected to enhance performance of the manufacturing firms. This study further recommends that manufacturing firms should factor in environmental uncertainties related to demand, supply and technology when implementing supply chain strategies.
Pola opadów w Polsce związane z niżami Vb van Bebbera
Authors: Degirmendžić Jan , Walisch Marek , Szmidt Aleksander
Published: November 2021

W artykule przedstawiono przebieg średniej trajektorii niżów Vb van Bebbera w skali roku. Wyznaczono najbardziej opadotwórczy odcinek trajektorii, tzn. region występowania cyklonów, które wywołują najwyższe opady w Polsce. Skonstruowano mapę średnich sum dobowych opadu związanych z niżami Vb oraz mapę opadów maksymalnych informującą o tym, jaka była najwyższa wartość opadu w danej stacji meteorologicznej w okresie 1958‒2008 związana z wystąpieniem niżu Vb na wyróżnionym – najbardziej opadotwórczym – odcinku trajektorii. Szlak Vb rozpoczyna się na Morzu Balearskim, a kończy nad południową Finlandią. Najwyższe opady w Polsce związane są z niżami usytuowanymi w sąsiedztwie środkowego odcinka trajektorii – nad wschodnimi Węgrami, zachodnią Rumunią lub południową Słowacją. Najwyższe średnie sumy opadów można zaobserwować w Polsce Południowo-Wschodniej. Maksima występują w Kotlinie Żywieckiej, w Tatrach i na Wyżynie Lubelskiej. Maksymalny opad dobowy związany z niżem Vb wystąpił na Śnieżce i osiągnął wartość 129,2 mm.
Fizjograficzne uwarunkowania obiegu i retencji wody oraz migracji zanieczyszczeń w małej zlewni strefy podmiejskiej Łodzi
Authors: Jokiel Paweł
Published: November 2021

W artykule omówiono kilka zagadnień dotyczących roli warunków fizjograficznych w procesie obiegu wody i migracji innych substancji w obrębie małej zlewni położonej w strefie podmiejskiej dużego miasta (Łodzi). Opisu dokonano w dwu zasadniczych aspektach: formowania odpływu i kształtowania retencji. Wyniki dotyczą w szczególności roli: rzeźby terenu (nachyleń stoków), przepuszczalności gruntu oraz podatności terenu w procesie formowania różnych form odpływu. W odniesieniu do retencji, omówiono problemy retencji powierzchniowej, w tym koryt i zbiorników wodnych, pojemności wodnej ryzosfery (strefy korzeniowej roślin) oraz zasobów wód podziemnych. Szczególnie dużo uwagi poświęcono zagadnieniom prezentacji i analizy zmienności przestrzennej wymienionych cech zlewni. Do ich zobrazowania wykorzystano mapy rastrowe oparte o siatkę pól elementarnych (rys. 3–11).
Jakość gleb wybranych ogrodów działkowych Łodzi
Authors: Niewiadomski Arkadiusz , Szubert Łukasz
Published: November 2021

Praca prezentuje wyniki badań wybranych właściwości fizykochemicznych gleb ogrodów działkowych Łodzi. Przeanalizowano próbki z poziomów akumulacyjnych 15 ogrodów, zlokalizowanych głównie w sąsiedztwie dużych ciągów komunikacyjnych i obiektów przemysłowych. Dokonano charakterystyki substratu glebowego z uwzględnieniem czynników geologicznych, wpływających na genetyczną i jakościową wartość utworów glebowych w zakresie produkcji rolniczej. Autorzy zwrócili uwagę na zróżnicowanie właściwości gleb i dokonali porównania uzyskanych wyników z rezultatami analiz gleb ogrodów działkowych innych miast Polski. Stwierdzono, że badane gleby wykazują duże zdolności sorpcyjne i niewielki, w porównaniu z innymi miastami, stopień zanieczyszczenia gleb metalami ciężkimi (kadmem, chromem i miedzią). Ponadto podkreślono znaczny potencjał produkcyjny gleb ogrodów działkowych.
Czy literatura potrafi „mówić kulinariami”? Na przykładzie kategorii starości i młodości
Authors: Wiśniewska-Grabarczyk Anna
Published: November 2021

In this paper I examine how culinary scenes correspond with categories of elderly and youth. Texts I analyse differ in terms and the amount of culinary aspects — from simple enumeration of side and main dishes to more detailed culinary scenes which are often remembered by the readers. The author of this paper is going to examine the ritual of tea brewing as performed by nubiles which is characteristic for the 19th century literature. The most important is to reveral causes and consequences of this ritual. In the second part of the paper there will be analysed socialist-realist novel, which depicts old and young people engaged in the act of eating. I debate whether the elderly and the youth are depicted similarly in the culinary context. Additionally, I devote some attention to gender differences.
Droga krzyżowa jako metafora przemijania
Authors: Bednarczyk Monika
Published: November 2021

Way of the Cross contains the last moments of Jesus’s life. It begins with the judgment and ends when the body is entombed. This story of Jesus’s death can also be seen like a picture that shows human’s life. Existential problems are written in Way of the Cross next to religious because of particular God’s presence in human being. The evanescence is one of those issues, which are analysed by the authors of reflections fulfilling structure of 14 episodes that create Jesus way to Calvary. The idea of this article is to show and analyse the examples of consideration the death and mourning taken from contemporary Way of the Cross texts. The analysis of them leads to conclusion that human looks for a confrontation with the picture of evanescence. This experience helps people to understand their nature which nowadays is displaced by society.
„Nasz zdrowy świat nie chce świata choroby…” O bólu i cierpieniu w reportażach Wojciecha Tochmana
Authors: Popławska Joanna
Published: November 2021

The article presents considerations on the staggering picture of the world and tragedies of ordinary people which are depicted in the works of the most eminent contemporary reporter — Wojciech Tochman. He is the author whose texts abound in suffering and loneliness of a single man, which bring chaos to the orderly life of a reader. The analysed reportages are about the people who are unable to talk on their own about everyday distress due to their rare disfunctions. The text will be an attempt to draw the boundaries of human suffering. Moreover, it will also seek an answer to the questions whether there exists social approval consent for suffering these days or whether the illness discourse still encounters lack of acceptance. The starting point for the analysis will be the early works of Wojciech Tochman included in the following publications: “Schodów się nie pali” and “Wściekły Pies”.