bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El encuentro de la Fundación Rockefeller con América Central, 1914-1921.
Authors: Malavassi Aguilar Ana Paulina
Published: May 2018

La autora realiza un valioso análisis comparativo sobre el impacto de la Fundación Rockefeller en Centroamerica. El artículo valora la expansión de la filantropía privada estadounidense por el istmo, la cual supuestamente pretendía apoyar las políticas públicas de los Estados, y mejorar las condiciones de existencia material de las personas. No obstante, dicha acciòn topo con las dificultades propias del contexto y los mismos intereses de la fundación.
La Ciencia y el Debate entre la Iglesia Católica y el Liberalismo en Costa Rica (1880-1901)
Authors: Díaz Bolaños Ronald Eduardo
Published: May 2018

Este trabajo analiza desde las fuentes periodísticas y documentales las discusiones científicas entre los liberales y los clericales costarricenses durante el episcopado de Monseñor Thiel, en un contexto de institucionalización de la actividad científica en Costa Rica durante las dos últimas décadas del siglo XIX. Asimismo, el trabajo aborda los aportes brindados por ciertos miembros del clero a dicha institucionalización.
El Estado, lo transnacional y la construcción de comunidades científicas en la Costa Rica liberal (1870-1930). La construcción de un “régimen de cientificidad”.
Authors: Viales Hurtado Ronny José , Clare Patricia
Published: May 2018

El artículo aborda el problema de la relación entre la ciencia y la idea de progreso a través del análisis de las comunidades científicas, la organización de la disciplina científica; las condiciones sociales en que se desarrolla la ciencia, el significado de las aportaciones propias o ajenas; la institucionalización de la ciencia y las políticas científicas. Para ello, los autores proponen el concepto de “régimen de cientificidad” el cual evidencia el peso de los factores locales, como son la cultura, la política y la economía, y sus interacciones las cuales generaron las condiciones particulares del desarrollo científico en cada país. El artículo propone desarrollar algunas líneas preliminares de interpretación sobre estas comunidades científicas y el Estado con el fin de promover nuevos campos y problemáticas de investigación.
Los Nuevos Regionalismos: Entrevista Con La Dra. Marianne Marchand. Directora De La Maestría En Estudios Sobre Norteamérica. Facultad De Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad De Las Américas, Puebla, México
Authors: Solano Muñoz Edgar
Published: May 2018

Los Nuevos Regionalismos, tiene como fin analizar los procesos sociales, económicos, políticos y culturales detonados por la globalización de fin del siglo XX. Dichos procesos, se plasman en variedad de fenómenos, la gran mayoría de ellos ubicados el orden transnacional. Por ello, el interés de los estudios se centra, en la constitución de las nuevas identidades en zonas de frontera, la conformación de redes de solidaridad-conflicto-exclusión e inclusión y el tema de los diversos procesos de integración regional, sobre todo aquellos de carácter no oficial.
Simultaneous quantification of five lignans from Schisandra chinensis in various tissues of rats
Authors: Lian-Lin Su , Xue Cheng , Xi-Yan Ding , Chun-Qin Mao , Tu-Lin Lu , Min Hao , Ping Li , Sirui Qin
Published: May 2018

In this research study, a rapid, sensitive, and specific high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI–MS/MS) method was established and validated, in regard to the simultaneous quantification of five sedative and hypnotic lignans (schisandrin, schisandrol B, schisantherin A, deoxyschisandrin, and schisandrin B) in various tissues of rats (including heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney). The purpose of the study was to clarify the tissue distribution of the total lignans extract of Schisandra chinensis (SC). Then, the analytes were separated on a MERCK Purospher STAR LP C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), with a mobile phase consisting of 0.05% (v/v) formic acid acetonitrile, and 0.05% (v/v) formic acid water, and a flow rate of 1 mL/min. All of the calibration curves of the five components showed good linearity (r > 0.9950), with ranges of 4.8 to 1920 ng/mL for analytes. The intra-day and inter-day precisions (relative standard deviation [RSD] %) were within 13.76% for all of the analytes. The average recoveries of the five analytes were greater than 85.23%, and the mean value of the matrix effect ranged from 82.3% to 93.4%. The five analytes were confirmed to be stable during the storage, preparation, and analytic procedures. The major target tissues of the total lignans extract of the SC in the rats were the livers and kidneys.
Anti-inflammatory effects of the octapeptide NAP in human microbiota-associated mice suffering from subacute ileitis
Authors: Escher Ulrike , Giladi Eliezer , Dunay Ildikò R. , Bereswill Stefan , Gozes Illana , Heimesaat Markus M.
Published: May 2018

The octapeptide NAP is well known for its neuroprotective properties. We here investigated whether NAP treatment could alleviate pro-inflammatory immune responses during experimental subacute ileitis. To address this, mice with a human gut microbiota were perorally infected with one cyst of Toxoplasma gondii (day 0) and subjected to intraperitoneal synthetic NAP treatment from day 1 until day 8 postinfection (p.i.). Whereas placebo (PLC) control animals displayed subacute ileitis at day 9 p.i., NAP-treated mice exhibited less pronounced pro-inflammatory immune responses as indicated by lower numbers of intestinal mucosal T and B lymphocytes and lower interferon (IFN)-γ concentrations in mesenteric lymph nodes. The NAP-induced anti-inflammatory effects were not restricted to the intestinal tract but could also be observed in extra-intestinal including systemic compartments, given that pro-inflammatory cytokines were lower in liver, kidney, and lung following NAP as compared to PLC application, whereas at day 9 p.i., colonic and serum interleukin (IL)-10 concentrations were higher in the former as compared to the latter. Remarkably, probiotic commensal bifidobacterial loads were higher in the ileal lumen of NAP as compared to PLC-treated mice with ileitis. Our findings thus further support that NAP might be regarded as future treatment option directed against intestinal inflammation.
Er søking i google nok?
Authors: Faber Hege , Taylor Solveig I.
Published: May 2018

Phd-kurs ved NTNU-bibliotekene – en utviklingshistorieVi vil se nærmere på ide/opplegg, organisering, gjennomføring og erfaringer fra forskjellige kurs for phd-kandidater ved NTNU-biblioteket: Kurs for humanister og samfunnsvitere, kurs for medisinere og kurs for kandidater innen teknologi og naturvitenskap (mest sivilingeniører), avholdt på forskjellige campuser og av forskjellige undervisere. Å mestre avansert søking og databehandling blir bare mer og mer sentralt for forskning, selv om det varierer fra disiplin til disiplin. Vi vil gjennomgå egen erfaring, fagmiljøenes behov og hva forskning viser om behovet for informasjonskompetanse-undervisning av PhD-kandidater, med fokus på forskjellige vitenskapers informasjonskompetanse. Krav om at forskning skal være original, bygge på tidligere forskning og de muligheter som vi har fått til å behandle mye større mengder data enn før (e-science) innebærer at kursholderne må være svært oppdatert og ha spisskompetanse i de enkelte baser og verktøy. Dessuten er plagiering og kildevurdering viktige og aktuelle tema.             Kursene krever høy kompetanse hos kursholderne og det beste er å utnytte de forskjellige kompetansene som finnes i biblioteket slik at kursene blir et resultat av team-arbeid. I tillegg trekkes andre fagfolk inn (forskningsetikk, akademisk skriving m.m). De organisatoriske utfordringene og markedsføring av kursene blir også viktige når vi arrangerer slike kurs. Undervisningstilbudet blir evaluert fortløpende, og vi ønsker å sette fokus på erfaringsutveksling og praktisk gjennomføring i tillegg til å se på innholdet i våre kurs.
Business information literacy: informasjonskompetanse ved Handelshøyskolen BI
Authors: Gimse Sigrid
Published: May 2018

For å bli en informasjonskompetent student innenfor en internasjonal akademisk handelshøgskole, er det spesielle ferdigheter man må opparbeide seg. Det er ikke de samme kravene til hva en må kunne ved Odontologisk fakultet som ved BI, så heller ikke i bibliotekets sfære.De ferdighetene vi er på jakt etter å utvikle hos våre studenter er generiske for handelshøyskoler verden over, men allikevel er begrepet ”Business Information Literacy” et ganske nytt begrep, og som så mye annet hentet fra USA.Vi synes det er et spennende begrep, all den tid det definerer hva som er kravene, utover den enkelte handelshøyskoles sfære. Vi tror at det kommer til å etableres en standard for denne kompetansen i USA snart, men før dette er klart har vi sett på hva begrepet betyr for oss. Det har nemlig ledet oss mot en særegen undervisnings- og bibliotekpedagogikk.Tilføyelsen ”Business” til begrepet informasjonskompetanse kommer selvsagt på toppen av den generelle definisjonen, som vi også ”bekjenner” oss til og prøver å utvikle hos våre studenter og faglige. Begrepet springer ut av BIs fagområder der kravene til ”Business Information Literacy” kan innebære: Kunne innhente emnespesifikk fag- og forskningslitteratur i relevante bibliografiske kilder Kunne innhente makroøkonomiske data nasjonalt og internasjonalt Kunne innhente forbrukerdemografiske data Kunne innhente data typiske for markedsanalyse Kunne innhente data innen bedrifts- industri- og bransjeanalyse Kunne innhente finansielle data Kunne bruke juridiske kilder Kunne inkorporere funn i egne oppgaver etter akademisk standard Hva gjør vi for å utvikle disse ferdighetene hos våre studenter? Hvilke tiltak setter vi verk? Hva gjør handelshøyskoler verden over? Mange bibliotek utvikler i dag elæringsmateriale for å kunne nå det store antall studenter. Dette er også underveis hos oss.
Hva med de gjenstridige dokumentene? Fagreferentrollen i spesialsamlinger
Authors: Greve Solveig
Published: May 2018

Spesialsamlinger er samlinger av ”gjenstridige dokumenter”, dvs. dokumenter som er sjeldne, unika eller upubliserte og derfor ofte er fysisk bundet til eierinstitusjonen. Det er typisk at slike samlinger mangler moderne standarder for metadata og felles nasjonale katalogiseringsverktøy. Eierinstitusjonene har et kulturansvar for bevaring og tilgjengeliggjøring av disse dokumentene overfor en bredere allmennhet enn et fagbiblioteks ”primærbrukere”. Fagreferentens oppgaver vil være preget av dette. Bevaring, sikring og produksjon av digitale fulltekstdokumenter er sentralt. Det er også typisk for slike samlinger at en har en betydelig backlog. Det vil være fagreferentens oppgave å løfte fram ukjent kildemateriale, gjennom digitaliseringsprosjekter og forskning. Fagreferentens viktigste oppgaver vil da være mer rettet mot samlingspleie og formidling av egne samlinger og mindre fokus på andre institusjoners samlinger. Slik vil også undervisningen av studentene bli preget av arkivpresntasjon av innhold og forelesninger om teoretiske og praktiske forhold knyttet til å arbeide med spesielle materialtyper og mindre til utvikling av vanlig informasjonskompetanse. Denne situasjonen vil forandre seg hvis/når institusjonene blir enige om utvekslingsformater og mengden av digitale fulltekstdokumenter øker. Utfordringene for spesialsamlinger vil også være fagreferentenes utfordringer; I en stadig mer elektronisk verden, kan arbeidet med de fysiske samlingene lett bli marginalisert, selv om nettopp den tekniske utviklingen kunne løse mange problemer for de gjenstridige dokumentene. Men slik prioritering krever store ressurser, høy kompetanse, engasjement og politisk gjennomslagskraft. Kostnadene er høye, og konkurrerer budsjettmessig med galopperende elektroniske utgifter for hele biblioteket. Spesialsamlingenes fagreferenter kan bli en minoritetsstemme i bibliotekenes moderniseringsprosess, til skade for bibliotekenes totale faglige tilbud.
The three domains of value: Why IL practitioners must take a holistic approach
Authors: Whitworth Andrew
Published: May 2018

Many definitions of IL focus on the subjective value of information - the learner expected to be the initiator, agent and evaluator of an information search. However, we must also judge information against the objective domain: without it, we risk what Damian Thompson has called ‘counterknowledge’, the spread of unscientific worldviews like conspiracy theories, pseudohistory and so on. There is also the intersubjective domain, the field of laws, morals, economics and community standards. Without this domain we may collapse into relativism. But the subjective domain remains valuable, as otherwise we would suffer from ‘groupthink’, becoming merely the instrument of organisations and ‘the system’. All three domains of value are thus essential if the informational resources on which we draw are to be sustainable, healthy and open, and if we are to respond to the challenges posed by diversity and highlighted by this conference. Why, then, is so little IL teaching thinking about its subject in this way? I suggest the answers lie in how governments and other influential educational stakeholders conceive of their ‘product’. Not every educational stakeholder wants to see the kind of critical, creative thinkers which holistic IL is oriented to producing. Addressing this paradox is a significant policy challenge facing IL as it matures in the 21st century.
Forskningsstøtte og bibliotekets rolle: Kartlegging, tilrettelegging og synliggjøring
Authors: Gullbekk Eystein , Rullestad Tove , Torras Calvo Maria-Carme , Mikki Susanne
Published: May 2018

Hvordan utvikles forskningsstøtte lokalt, sett i lys av nye nasjonale og internasjonale rammebetingelser? Spørsmålet belyses gjennom et innledende innlegg med påfølgende debatt mellom representanter fra tre institusjoner. I et innledende innlegg belyses universitets- og høyskolebibliotekenes nye rammebetingelser og muligheter i arbeidet med å styrke sin rolle i forskerutdanningene. Funn fra kartleggingsstudier om forskningsstøtte blant ph.d.-kandidater vil presenteres (Gullbekk, Rullestad & Torras, 2012; Drachen, Gullbekk & Westbye, 2011). Funnene diskuteres i lys av kompetansekrav slik de kommer til uttrykk i utdanningspolitiske dokumenter som Nasjonalt kvalifikasjonsrammeverk for høyere utdanning.  Eksempler på forskningsstøtte fra norske universitets- og høyskolebibliotek vil også bli presentert, og lokale tiltak for videreutvikling av forskerutdanningene ved de respektive universitetene og høyskolene vil diskuteres. I en påfølgende kafedialog diskuteres implikasjoner av funn i de nevnte kartleggingsstudiene.  Hvordan kan universitets- og høyskolebibliotek tilrettelegge og synliggjøre sin forskningsstøtte? Eksempler på spørsmål som vil bli belyst i kafedialogen er: Definisjon av forskningsstøtte Hvordan skal vi definere forskningsstøtte ved universitets- og høyskolebibliotek? Hvilke utviklingstrekk ser vi ved våre moderinstitusjoner? Tilrettelegging Hvordan kan vi styrke bibliotekenes støtte til forskerutdanningene i universitets- og høyskolesektoren gjennom å utvikle kunnskapsbasert undervisning og veiledning? Hvordan organiserer biblioteket virksomhet når det gjelder utvikling av forskningsstøtte? Hvordan kan biblioteket samarbeide med fagmiljø og forskningsadministrasjonen? Hvilken kompetanse trenger ansatte på universitets- og høyskolebibliotek for å kunne tilby effektiv og relevant forskningsstøtte? Synliggjøring Hvordan kan bibliotekene best utvikle seg til å bli mer synlige og relevante for å bidra med forskningsstøtte for ph.d.-kandidater og for moderinstitusjonen? Erfarings- og kunnskapsutveksling og samarbeid blant universitets- og høyskolebibliotek er en styrke i tjenesteutvikling. Kafedialogen vil avslutte med en diskusjon om hvordan et nasjonalt nettverk kunne bidra til utvikling av relevant forskningsstøtte ved UH-bibliotekene. Nettverk for forskningsstøtte er nylig etablert i både Sverige og Danmark. Referanser Gullbekk, E., Rullestad, T. og Torras, M.C. (red.). (2012). Ph.d.-kandidater og forskningsprosessen: Bibliotekets bidrag. (In press). Skrifter fra Universitetsbiblioteket i Oslo. Oslo. Drachen, T.M., Larsen, A., Gullbekk, E. Lach, K. og Westbye, H. (2010). Information behaviour and practices of PhD-students, http://hprints.org/hprints-00599034/en/
Kildekompasset - å navigere seg frem til riktig referansestil
Authors: Daland Hilde , Kleivset Birgitte , Flor Patricia , Holt Siv
Published: May 2018

One of the main tasks of an academic library is to guide students in critical evaluation and the ethical use of sources so that they can interpret, evaluate and create information in a correct and proper way. This should be integrated into the subjects, which is a huge challenge. Many students are told that they can freely select the reference style as long as they are consistent. But it is difficult to be consistent when you barely know what a reference style is. It is not easy for the librarian to answer how one refers to a governmental white paper in a self-designed reference system. To do this in a simple way, it is desirable to share the task between academic tutors and the library.  The recommendation of a reference style should come from the subject department of a faculty and from the sample collections provided by the library. The libraries at the University of Agder (UoA) and Telemark University College (TUC) joined forces to create a survey in which various reference styles were listed, complete with examples. The respondents were asked to choose the style they preferred  and would advise their students to use.  The response rate among the academic staff at the TUC and the UoA was 40%. We consider this to be a representative sample. The purpose of the final web resource aims to be as simple as possible. Students who do not know what a reference style is, and students who do not know which style they should choose, are now guided to make a confident choice of style.
En presentasjon av prosjektet Skriving og etisk kildebruk i høyere utdanning: Utvikling av interaktive søke- og skrivemoduler i læringsverktøyet Søk & Skriv
Authors: Kavli Solveig , Forrás Peter , Straume Ingerid
Published: May 2018

"Jeg vil gjerne ha mer hjelp, altså for eksempel en utvidet "skriveråd". Jo mer, jo bedre." (Student 5) Høsten 2010 gjennomførte driftsgruppa for nettstedet Søk & Skriv en brukerundersøkelse blant studenter og faglig ansatte ('faglig ansatte' gjelder også bibliotekansatte). Undersøkelsen var tilgjengelig på nettet fra oktober til desember 2010. Målet var å finne ut hvordan studenter og ansatte bruker nettstedet, hva de savner og hva de vil ha mer av. Våren 2011 gjorde Det informationsvidenskabelige Akademi en komparativ undersøkelse av nettstedene VIKO, Råd & Vink og Søk & Skriv. Analysene ga klare svar til Søk & Skriv: Studenter ved HiB, NHH og UiB vil ha konkrete tips til hvordan man skriver en akademisk tekst. En student savner maler for strukturer og spør "Hvordan ser en akademisk tekst ut egentlig?" Slik vi ser det henger informasjonssøk og akademisk skriving nøye sammen (derfor navnet Søk & Skriv). Denne koblinga er ikke like selvsagt for studenten. Studentene mener de kan søke, men er usikre på skrivinga. Vi mener at studentene ikke søker godt nok. Dette sammenfaller med Nicholas et als artikkel Google Generation II: web behaviour experiments with the BBC. Undersøkelsen viser at de som er født etter 1993 oppsøker få informasjonsressurser og bruker kort tid på vurdering av informasjon. Så hvordan får vi studenter til å bruke mer tid på søking og skriving, framfor tid på sosiale media? Kan vi kombinere sosiale media med søking og skriving?I samarbeid med Akademisk skriving ved UiB vil vi synliggjøre argumentutvikling i vitenskaplige tekster. Ved eksplisitt å peke på referansebruk og kildevurdering i tekst kan vi bruke dette som utgangspunkt for interaktive oppgaver der studenten selv må ta stilling til kildene hun finner, og bruke disse på en etisk måte. Prosjektet Skriving og etisk kildebruk i høyere utdanning: Utvikling av interaktive søke- og skrivemoduler i læringsverktøyet Søk & Skriv er et samarbeid mellom biblioteka ved NHH, UiB, HiB, UiO og førstesemesterstudiet akademisk skriving ved UiB som er støtta av Nasjonalbiblioteket. Referanser:Forras, P., Kavli, S., Mikki, S., Austrheim, G. og Elvebakk, E. (2011) Søk & Skriv i et brukerperspektiv: Rapport fra spørreundersøkelsen høsten 2010. Hyldegård, J, Lund, H., Moring, C., Pors, N.P., og Schreiber, T. (2011) Studerende, læring og webtutorials : En analyse af 3 norske læringssystemer. København : Det informationsvidenskabelige akademi. Nicholas, D., Rowlands, I., Clark, D., og Williams, D. (2011) Google Generation II: web behaviour experiments with the BBC, Aslib Proceedings, Vol. 63 nr: 1, s.28 - 45.
How does assessment affect learning: an example from a chemistry PhD-course in scholarly communication
Authors: Lindelöw Camilla Hertil
Published: May 2018

Assessment of students in the learning process may have several reasons (knowledge assessment, ranking etc.). One reason presented in this article would be to use the assessment as a way to enhance learning. At Stockholm University Library, PhD-students in Chemistry annually partakes in a library course, where they have to write a mandatory essay and, from 2012, review a fellow student's essay. Comparing and discussing the former and the new ways of assessing, this article aims to discuss assessment as a way to enhance learning.
The e-book as a pedagogical resource
Authors: Forsberg Åsa , Josefson Andreas
Published: May 2018

This roundtable proposes to present and discuss a project about the e-book as a pedagogical resource. The project will run from Spring 2013 until December 2013 and is a collaboration project between Center for Educational Development (CED), Lund University, and Lund University Libraries (LUB). It will be part of a larger collaboration project involving the universities in Southern Sweden. New possibilities in the digital learning environments The importance of digital texts is growing. A rapidly increasing number of e-books are made available by publishers and the large majority of scientific journals are published in fulltext. There are many advantages with digital texts: They are immediately available independently of time and space, in computers and mobile devices They are searchable Created in a correct format they are available also for people with reading difficulties An e-book can be integrated with othjer meda, such as sound clips, video clips etc They are relatively easy to revise and update Many teachers at Lund University produce study material for their courses, such as course packs, tutorials, instructions and other types of texts. This material is distributed to the students in either print or digital format. The digital formats are mainly pdf-files and word-files. It is important to give the teachers access also to more advanced tools for producing course literature in digital form. Most interesting are tools making it possible to integrate other media (i.e. video and sound clips) with text. A toolbox for production of course material in digital form The project will explore the possibilities to facilitate the production of e-books at Lund University. It will consist of an inventory of the teachers' requirements and expectations, an inventory of the production process including pilot studies of e-book production and an inventory of the need for support and training for teachers producing e-books. It will result in a toolbox for production of e-materials and for the use of Creative Commons licenses. Roundtable In August the first part, the inventory of Lund University teachers' requirements and expectations will be finished. A survey study at Blekinge Technical University and a focus group study at Kristianstad University on the same issues will also be finished. The roundtable will discuss and problematize the findings. After a short presentation the participants will discuss in smaller groups, and in the end the group discussions will be summed up in plenum. The focus will be on university teachers' view and willingness to produce e-materials and the participants will be invited to share their experiences and reflections. The summing up will be documented and distributed to all participants.
A library treasure hunt – An alternative way to introduce new university students to the library
Authors: Verdozzi Kristina Holmin , Andersson Cajsa , Reistad Nina
Published: May 2018

Introducing new students to the library and its resources during the first hectic weeks at university can pose a considerable challenge. We have to compete with many other kinds of introductory activities, making new friends, becoming acquainted with the subject, not to mention all the parties and social functions arranged for new students. The traditional lecture, or showing large groups of tired students around the library just wasn't working. So, a few years ago, we started to think about radical new ways of introducing students to the library. We hit upon the idea of arranging a treasure hunt. Students working in small groups have to carry out various tasks at different stations in different libraries. When each task has been successfully completed, a verbal report is made to the librarian at that library, and students can ask questions, before going on to the next task. By carrying out actual tasks, the students become familiar with the important aspects of library resources; learning by doing and having fun at the same time. The "treasure" at the end of the hunt was an apple, a sweet, a pencil, a small LED flashlight and information brochures about the library and the master programme in physics. One of the decisive factors in the success of this activity was the cooperation of lecturers, who integrated it into their introductory programme. It also had high status, as it was a compulsory activity, thanks to the commitment and understanding of lecturers. The treasure hunt is important in the students' later studies as they know which library resources are available, and they recognise the librarians. This lowers the threshold for the further development of the students' information gathering skills. The success of this activity in one of the subjects taught at the Department of Physics has led to the decision to make the library treasure hunt compulsory for all students at the Department, in both the Engineering Faculty and the Science Faculty. We are now considering the further development of the library treasure hunt to make it more scalable, and to introduce digital aids, e.g. tablet computers.
Six frames for informed learning
Authors: Bruce Christine
Published: May 2018

The Six Frames for Informed Learning are designed to allow us to reflect on and analyze how we teach students to use information within our discipline-focused classroom. This workshop enables exploration of the different frames by working in groups to design example learning modules using the informed learning model. In this workshop you will explore the different ways in which educators (academics, librarians, learning counsellors, IT staff and others) ‘frame’ information literacy education based on their experience. You will discuss key differences between the frames, design hypothetical curriculum based on two of the frames, and consider the contributions of the different frames to a wider curriculum.
Clinical and Pathology Findings Associate Consistently with Larger Glomerular Volume
Authors: Denic Aleksandar , Mathew Jerry , Nagineni Venkata V. , Thompson R. Houston , Leibovich Bradley C. , Lerman Lilach O. , Lieske John C. , Alexander Mariam P. , Augustine Joshua J. , Kremers Walter K. , Rule Andrew D.
Published: May 2018

Background Glomerular volume increases when demand exceeds nephron supply, which may lead to glomerulosclerosis. It is unclear if determinants of glomerular volume are consistent between populations that differ by severity of comorbidities.

Methods We studied kidney biopsy specimens from living kidney donors (n=2453) and patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for a renal tumor (n=780). We scanned specimen sections into high-resolution digital images, manually traced glomerular profiles, and calculated mean glomerular volumes using the Weibel–Gomez stereologic formula (separately for nonsclerosed glomeruli and globally sclerosed glomeruli). We then assessed the relationship of glomerular volume with age, clinical characteristics, and nephrosclerosis on biopsy specimen.

Results Compared with kidney donors, patients with tumors were older and more frequently men, obese, diabetic, or hypertensive, had more glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis on biopsy specimen, and had 12% larger nonsclerosed glomeruli (P<0.001). In both populations, male sex, taller height, obesity, hypertension, and proteinuria associated with larger nonsclerosed glomeruli to a similar extent. In patients with tumors, diabetes, glomerulosclerosis >25%, and interstitial fibrosis >25% also associated with larger nonsclerosed glomeruli. Independent clinical predictors of larger nonsclerotic glomeruli were family history of ESRD, male sex, taller height, obesity, diabetes, and proteinuria. After adjustment for these characteristics, nonsclerotic glomerular volume did not differ between populations and was stable up to age 75 years, after which it decreased with age. Many of these findings were also evident with globally sclerotic glomerular volume.

Conclusions Characteristics associated with glomerular volume are consistent between patient populations with low and high levels of comorbidity.
Density Forecasts in Panel Data Models: A Semiparametric Bayesian Perspective
Authors: Liu Laura
Published: May 2018

This paper constructs individual-specific density forecasts for a panel of firms or households using a dynamic linear model with common and heterogeneous coefficients and cross-sectional heteroskedasticity. The panel considered in this paper features a large cross-sectional dimension N but short time series T. Due to the short T, traditional methods have difficulty in disentangling the heterogeneous parameters from the shocks, which contaminates the estimates of the heterogeneous parameters. To tackle this problem, I assume that there is an underlying distribution of heterogeneous parameters, model this distribution nonparametrically allowing for correlation between heterogeneous parameters and initial conditions as well as individual-specific regressors, and then estimate this distribution by pooling the information from the whole cross-section together. Theoretically, I prove that both the estimated common parameters and the estimated distribution of the heterogeneous parameters achieve posterior consistency, and that the density forecasts asymptotically converge to the oracle forecast. Methodologically, I develop a simulation-based posterior sampling algorithm specifically addressing the nonparametric density estimation of unobserved heterogeneous parameters. Monte Carlo simulations and an application to young firm dynamics demonstrate improvements in density forecasts relative to alternative approaches.
Isparta Ovasında (GB-Türkiye) sulama suyu kalitesinin istatistik ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Demer Selma , Hepdeniz Kerem
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmada, Isparta Ovası’nda yeraltısularının tarımsal sulama için uygunluğu değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaçla Isparta Ovası’nda sulama amacıyla kullanılan 21 adet yeraltısuyu kuyusundan örnek alınmıştır. Sulama suyu kalitesinin değerlendirilmesinde EC, TDS değerleri ve SAR, % Na, SSP, RSC, MR, KI, PI, PS, TH gibi kimyasal indeks hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Sulama suyu kriterlerine göre suların bir kısmı EC değerleri bakımından “izin verilebilir” sınıfta, ABD Tuzluluk diyagramı sınıflandırmasında yüksek tuzluluk/düşük sodyum sınıfı olan C3-S1 grubundadır. Diğer bir kısmı ise tuzluluk ve sodyum tehlikesi oluşturmadan tüm bitkiler için kullanılabilen, orta tuzlu C2-S1 grubu ve “iyi” sulama suları olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Tüm su örnekleri, TH değerlerine göre orta sertlikte sulardan çok sert sulara kadar değişen sertlik değerlerine sahiptir. Çalışma bölgesindeki sular, % Na ve SSP değerleri açısından “iyi” ile “mükemmel”, SAR değeri açısından “mükemmel”, PI değerleri açısından “iyi” kalitede özelliğe sahip sulama suları olarak belirlenmiştir. RSC, MR, KI, PS değerleri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda ise çalışma alanındaki suların tümünün sulama amacıyla kullanımı uygundur. Bununla birlikte, bu kimyasal indeks parametreleri sulama suyu kalite kriterleri temelinde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri programında veri büyüklüklerine göre derecelendirilmiş semboller kullanılarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu değerlendirmelerde, bazı lokasyonlarda kimyasal indeks parametrelerinin farklılık gösterdiği ancak suların tümünün tarımsal amaçla kullanıma uygun niteliğe sahip yeraltısuları olduğu belirlenmiştir.
mcSCRB-seq protocol v2
Authors: JWB Bagnoli Johannes , Ziegenhain Christoph , Janjic Aleksandar , Esteban Wange Lucas , Vieth Beate , Parekh Swati , Geuder Johanna , Hellmann Ines , Enard Wolfgang
Published: May 2018

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a central genome-wide method to characterize cellular identities and processes. Consequently, improving its sensitivity, flexibility and cost-efficiency can advance many research questions. Among the flexible plate-based methods, “Single-Cell RNA-Barcoding and Sequencing” (SCRB-seq) is one of the most sensitive and efficient ones. Here, we systematically evaluated experimental conditions of this protocol and find that adding polyethylene glycol considerably increases sensitivity by enhancing cDNA synthesis. Furthermore, using Terra polymerase increases efficiency due to a more even cDNA amplification that requires less sequencing of libraries. We combined these and other improvements to a new scRNA-seq library protocol we call “molecular crowding SCRB-seq” (mcSCRB-seq), which we show to be the most sensitive and one of the most efficient and flexible scRNA-seq methods to date.
Analysis of mcr-1 driven colistin resistance in Enterbacteriaceae isolates v1
Authors: Caselli Elisabetta
Published: May 2018

Surface samples were collected from three different points in hospital rooms (floor, bed footboard and sink), by sterile rayon swabs, assaying an area corresponding to 10x10cm (as delimited by a sterile disposable grid). Swabs were put in tubes containing 5 ml of Mac Conkey broth, and incubated at 37°C under mild agitation in order to amplify the Enterobacteriaceae population. An aliquot of grown bacteria was frozen in 50% sterile glycerol for isentification and funcaiontal analysis. The remaining bacterial suspension was used for extraction of total DNA by UCP-Pathogen Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), and subsequent analysis ofmcr-1 gene presence by nested PCR. First round amplifications were performed as already described (Liu YY et al., Lancet Infect Dis, 2016); nested PCR amplification was carried out using the following primers and conditions: CLRn-F (5’-AAACCTATCCCATCGCGGAC-3’) and CLRn-R (5’-CCGCGCCCATGATTAATAGC-3’), for 35 cycles at 57°C, originating a 147 bp amplification product, confirmed by sequence analysis. Plasmid pBAD24::mcr-1 (Ye H et al., MBio, 2016) was used as a positive PCR control. A universal pan-bacterial PCR was also performed, as a control of DNA amplification (Caselli E et al., PLos ONE, 2016). All samples resulted positive with nested PCRwere culturally isolated on Mac Conkey agar plates. Presumptive positive isolates were identified at the specie level by Maldi Tof analysis (Charles River, Ecully, France), and subsequently tested for drug susceptibility by disc diffusion (Entero1 Multodisc, Liofilchem) and broth microdilution (SensiTest Colistin, Liofilchem).
Göçün Başka Bir Boyutu: Kronik Hastalıklar
Authors: Deniz Amine , Yıldırım Yasemin
Published: May 2018

Göç, süresi, yapısı ve nedeni farketmeksizin insanların yer değiştirdiği nüfus hareketleri olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de savaşlar, işsizlik, yoksulluk, doğal afetler, terör, insan hakları ihlalleri, istihdam olanakları gibi nedenlerle yıllar geçtikçe göç oranlarının arttığı görülmektedir. Göçle birlikte; göçmenler ve göç alan bölge halkı için toplumsal, kültürel ve ekonomik yapı değişmekte iki taraflı ciddi bir değişim süreci yaşanmaktadır. Bu süreç göçmenleri birçok açıdan olumsuz etkilemekte ve kronik hastalıklar açısından riskli hale getirmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar; morbidite ve mortalite oranı yüksek olan kronik hastalıklar ve bu hastalıklara ilişkin risk faktörlerinin göçmenlerde daha fazla görüldüğünü bildirmektedir. Bu nedenle toplumda özellikle göçmenlerin kronik hastalık risk faktörleri açısından değerlendirilmesi, göç alan bölgelerde sağlık eğitimi ve danışmanlık hizmetlerinin arttırılması önem taşımaktadır.
Diyabetik Hayvan Modelleri ve Önemi
Authors: Çiçek Zehra , Koçaklı Zehra Gül , Akıllıoğlu Kübra , Doğan Ayşe
Published: May 2018

Diabetes mellitus günümüzde sıklığı, sebep olduğu komplikasyonlar ve tedavi maliyeti nedeniyle tüm dünyada önemi gittikçe artan bir sağlık problemi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Diğer bilimsel çalışmalarda olduğu gibi diyabet araştırmalarında da çeşitli hayvan modelleri kullanılmaktadır. Tip 1 ve tip 2 diabet patolojisinin altında yatan mekanizmaları ortaya çıkarmak, komplikasyonlarını önlemek ve yeni ilaç denemeleri için deneysel hayvan modelleri geliştirilmektedir. Birçok hayvan türünde kimyasal bazı ilaçlarla (streptozotosin ve alloksan), cerrahi olarak pankreasın çıkarılmasıyla (pankreatektomi) ve genetik yöntemlerle tip 1 ve tip 2 diyabet modeli oluşturulabilmektedir. Bu derlemede, diyabetik hayvan modelleri ve önemi hakkında son gelişmeler ışığında bilgiler verilmiştir.
Meme Kanserinde Epigenetik Tedavi
Authors: Eroğlu Onur
Published: May 2018

Hem genetik hem de epigenetik değişikliklerle kanser ilerlemesi kontrol altına alınabilmektedir. Genetik değişimlerin geri dönüşümü imkansızken  epigenetik değişimler geri dönüştürülebilir. Bu avantaj, önerilen epigenetik modifikasyonların terapi uygulamalarında tercih edilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir. DNA metiltransferaz ve histon deasetilaz epigenetik terapi çalışmalarının birinci hedefi haline gelmiştir. Bazı DNA metilasyon ve histon deasetilasyon inhibitörleri anti kanser ilaçları olarak Amerika’da Gıda ve İlaç İdaresi  tarafından onaylanmıştır. Bu nedenle, epigenetik hedeflerin kullanımları meme kanseri tedavisinde olumlu bir yaklaşım olarak büyük bir potansiyele sahip olduğuna inanılmaktadır.
Maksiller Sinüs Patolojilerinin ve Osteomeatal Kompleksin Radyolojik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Temur Katibe Tuğçe
Published: May 2018

Maksiller sinüs oral kaviteye komşuluğu olan diş hekimliği uygulamalarında dikkate alınması gereken önemli bir anatomik oluşumdur. Osteomeatal kompleks ise orta meatusda yer alan ve sinüs ostiumlarının açıldığı yerdir. Bu alandaki darlıkların sinüslerde enflamatuar değişiklere sebep olduğu ileri sürülür. Osteomeatal komplekste ve maksiller sinüslerde enflamatuar değişikliklerin bulunmaması, sinüs lifting operasyonu gibi operasyonların başarısı için hayati bir faktördür. Bu derlemede maksiller sinüs patolojileri ve osteomeatal kompleksi görüntülemek için uygun radyolojik yöntemlerin, bulguların özetlenmesi amaçlandı.
WHAT IS DISTINCTIVELY NEW ABOUT SO-CALLED ‘NEW’ WARS?
Authors: Tüfekçi Özgür
Published: May 2018

In the post-Cold war era, there has been a
growing tendency to suggest the classification of ‘new’ wars, since the
perception of the threat has changed. Since threats coming from within states
have recently become dominant, many scholars have studied this development. The
consensus they have reached is that this type of threat represents a different
kind of war. Kalevi Holsti has named it a third kind of war (1996); Martin van
Creveld has named it ‘Low-Intensity Conflict’ (1991); and Mary Kaldor has named
it ‘new war’ (1999). This article will embrace Mary Kaldor’s ‘new war’ concept
and use it to analyse and describe this different kind of war and compare it
with old wars. In contrast to these aforementioned arguments, some scholars,
such as Edward Newman and Stathis N. Kalyvas, have argued that there are no new
wars in the contemporary world. According to them, many features of the
so-called new wars can be seen in old wars. This paper also aims to unfold
whether the new wars are in fact new or not. To better observe this, first the
characteristics of new wars and old wars will be considered and then they will
be compared to find out what is distinctively new about so-called new wars.
Pequeño cerebro de avispa, pájaro raro: el universo faunístico en "Piel de lobo" de Lara Moreno
Authors: De Pablos Trigo Elena
Published: May 2018

Este artículo aborda el universo faunístico en Piel de lobo de Lara Moreno. Las constantes animalizaciones y los juegos narrativos con insectos y mamíferos enaltecen una obra que trata sobre la huida, la soledad, la maternidad y la familia, y que confronta, como en su novela anterior, Por si se va la luz, la urbe con el mundo rural. Los saltos temporales entre presente y pasado, y la peculiar narrativa de la autora, vertiginosa y abrupta en ocasiones, amparan una historia sórdida rebosante de secretos y silencios, la cual será enmascarada en avispas, lobos, corderos, pájaros, y tigres que se transforman en perros.
Michael Field’s "Long ago" (1889) as a paradigm of intertextual theory: from strangeness to metaxology
Authors: Cantillo Lucuara Mayron Estefan
Published: May 2018

In this essay, I seek to tackle the question of how Katherine Bradley and Edith Cooper articulate their intimate dialogue with Sappho’s poetry in their first volume of poetry, Long Ago (1889), published under the pseudonym of Michael Field. My response to this question translates into a thoroughgoing reflection that interprets Long Ago as a dense and audacious text in which the very ontology of art is revised and recast into ambivalent and open relations. The primary conclusion I reach is that the volume constitutes a paradigm of intertextual theory in use that opens up complex, unstable and fertile encounters between the English self and the Greek other, the translatable and the sublime, the mimetic and the original, the empathetic and the distant, the reparative and the fragmentary, the anti-type and the type, or the immanent and the transtextual.
A comparative study of the efficacy and tolerability of parenteral ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in pediatric population for acute bacillary dysentery in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: K. Sagar , P. Shanmukananda , D. R. Veena , H. Shwetha
Published: May 2018

Background: Diarrheal disorders in childhood account for a large proportion (18%) of childhood mortality. Among diarrheal diseases, dysentery is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries.Methods: This is an open labelled, prospective, randomised, comparative study carried out at Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College Hospital, Bangalore from November 2014 to November 2015 after Institutional Ethics Committee approval. A total of 80 Paediatric patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study after taking written informed consent from parents and assigned into two groups, Group A- Inj. Ceftriaxone (50-100mg/kg/day) and Group B- Inj. Cefotaxime (100 mg/kg/day) in divided doses for a period of 3-5 days based on requirement.Results: In this study, Cefotaxime was non inferior to Ceftriaxone as the Mean Duration of Hospitalisation was 3.30±0.72 days in Group A and 3.30± 0.72 days in Group B with p value of 1.000, showing no statistically significant difference. Both were well tolerated without any reports of ADR (Adverse Drug Reaction).Conclusions: In this study shows that Inj. Cefotaxime is equally efficacious and well tolerated as Inj. Ceftriaxone in the treatment of Acute Bacillary Dysentery in paediatric patients.
Effect of lisinopril and perindopril on serum lipid profile in Albino rabbits
Authors: Chandra Shruti , Singh S. P. , Singh Rashmi , Agarwal Neeraj Kumar
Published: May 2018

Background: Hypertension with dislipidemia is becoming a common morbidity, since ACE inhibitors are the first line of antihypertensive drugs so present study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate the possible effects of ACE inhibitor on lipid profile in albino rabbits.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur. Rabbits were divided into 2 groups with 6 in each group. Rabbits of Group I was given Lisinopril in dose of 0.25mg/kg and of group II was given Perindopril in dose of 0.20mg/kg for a period of 6 weeks. Lipid profile estimation (Serum Total cholesterol, serum HDL, serum LDL, serum Triglycerides and serum VLDL) was done at day 0, 7, 21 and 45 respectively.Results: After analysis Rabbits of group-I (Lisinopril) showed 3.1% decrease in serum cholesterol level at 45th day (P<0.001). Serum HDL level increased by 6.4% and 14.3% at day 21 and 45 respectively (P<0.05). Increase in serum Triglyceride level was 2.6% at day 45 (P>0.05). Serum LDL level decreases by 4.4% and 8.6% at day 21 and 45 respectively (P<0.001). There was no significant change in Serum VLDL level. Rabbits of group- II (Perindopril) showed decreased total cholesterol levels by 2.6% (P<0.05). There was an increase in HDL level by 6.8 % at day 45(P<.05). Triglycerides and VLDL levels were not significantly altered while serum LDL level decreases by 6.7% at day 45 (P<0.01).Conclusions: From our study it was concluded that Lisinopril had a favourable effect on serum lipid profile by decreasing total cholesterol, increasing serum HDL level. It may increase triglycerides, decrease LDL. Perindopril increase serum HDL and decreases LDL, there is no significant change in cholesterol, TG and VLDL levels.
Anticonvulsant effects of nimodipine alone and combination with phenytoin on MES induced seizures
Authors: Jain Raina , Jain Ashish
Published: May 2018

Background: To evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of Nimodipine alone and in combination with Phenytoin, in MES induced seizures.Methods: The study was conducted in mice and MES seizure was induced by Techno electroconvulsometer. In first part of study, animals were treated with Nimodipine (20mg/kg i.p. and 40mg/kg i.p.) and Phenytoin (0.5 mg/100g i.p. and 1.0mg/100g i.p.), MES was induced and durations of various phases were noted. Duration of Tonic hind limb extension (THLE) was taken as index for antiepileptic activity. In second part, the animals were treated with combination of sub effective doses of Nimodipine (20mg/kg i.p.) and Phenytoin (0.5mg/100g i.p.), MES was induced and durations of various phases were noted.Results: Nimodipine produced significant antiepileptic activity, in dose dependent manner. Phenytoin produced significant antiepileptic effect in dose of 1.0mg/100g but failed to produce any such effect in dose of 0.5mg/100g, when administered alone. But when sub effective doses.Of Nimodipine and Phenytoin were combined, a synergistic effect was seen.Conclusions: Nimodipine possess significant antiepileptic activity, alone, as well as it potentiates the antiepileptic effect of Phenytoin, suggesting the novel application of already proven safe and efficacious calcium channel blockers.