bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composite Materials of Rice Husk and Reed Fibers for Thermal Insulation Plates Using Sodium Silicate as a Binder
Authors: Silva Alana , Gaspar Florindo , Bakatovich Aliaksandr
Published: July 2023

The civil construction industry is responsible for a large part of the world’s energy consumption; therefore, in recent years, sustainable practices in this sector have become increasingly common to minimize the environmental impacts of civil construction during the life cycle of buildings. As a result, new materials and more sustainable building techniques are being sought. In Portugal, rice husk is an abundant agricultural waste with great potential to be used as a raw material in thermal insulation materials, as well as giant reed, which is considered an invasive plant. In this study, thermal insulation plates composed of rice husks and/or reed fiber were developed, using sodium silicate as a binder in various proportions and with dimensions of 30 × 30 × 3 cm and density ranging between 0.219 and 0.352 g/cm3. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the thermal characteristics of the plates, such as thermal conductivity, as well as the mechanical resistance to bending and water absorption. The results of the thermal conductivity tests were promising for all compositions, with values in the range between 0.0602 and 0.0745 W/m·K, meeting the requirements to be considered as thermal insulation materials. The results for bending strength and water absorption presented values within the expected range for materials of vegetal origin.
Land Use Optimization and Carbon Storage Estimation in the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Xi Furui , Lin Gang , Zhao Yanan , Li Xiang , Chen Zhiyu , Cao Chenglong
Published: July 2023

Urban development and coal extraction have caused conflicts regarding production, living, and ecological lands in the Yellow River basin. Here, a coupled genetic algorithm–patch generating land use simulation InVEST model was constructed to optimize land use/land cover (LULC) and simulate carbon storage changes. This study shows that the LULC changed dramatically from 2010 to 2020 in an area that accounts for 31.96% of the area of the Yellow River basin. Inappropriate land use conversion and encroachment have reduced carbon storage by 2.92 × 106 t, destroying the stability of the ecosystem. The development of cities has encroached on cultivated land, which may have affected the region’s food security. Following LULC optimization, ecological and cultivated lands are gradually being restored, and the transition between the different lands tends to be orderly, resulting in an increase of 24.84 × 106 t in carbon storage. The relationship between LULC and carbon storage shows that the high carbon intensity of woodland, grassland, and cultivated land is crucial to ensuring regional carbon balance. For the Yellow River basin, necessary environmental protection measures are the key to achieving high-quality economic development. This study can provide guidance for decision-makers in formulating ecosystem restoration plans.
Cadmium Exposure and Renal Function Biomarkers: A 10-Year Follow-Up of Thailand’s Tak Province Population
Authors: Somporn Rattawan , Chaiwong Natcha , Hasan Mehedi Mahmudul , Chaiwong Sanhawat
Published: July 2023

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that has been recognized as significant to environmental health. Thailand’s Tak Province, known for its historical mining and agricultural activities, has been identified as an area of high cadmium exposure. The objective of this investigation was to assess urinary cadmium (UCd), metallothionine in serum (B-MT-1), and kidney injured molecular-1 in urine (U-KIM-1). The target population and study area comprised individuals born between 1992–1999 in the zinc-mining areas of the Phatapadaeng, Mae Tao, and Mae Ku subdistricts of Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand. The sample size was 122 participants and the criteria for inclusion were the individuals rechecked for UCd in 2016. The case definition included testing for UCd by ICP-MS, early renal dysfunction (U-KIM-1), amounts exceeding 0.20 µg/gCr, and environmental exposure to cadmium, indicated by B-MT-1 using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient (r), chi-square (χ2), and analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 0.05 level of statistical significance to make inferences. The results indicate that 90.16% of the urine samples contained cadmium concentrations between 0.20 and 0.49 µg/gCr. The prevalence of MT-1 and KIM-1 in individuals aged 19–21 was 19.35% and 17.59%, respectively. We found that MT-1 was significantly higher among the residents of Phatadpadaeng, whereas KIM-1 was dominant among Mae Ku subdistrict participants. Females aged 15–18 and 19–21 had higher levels of MT-1 and KIM-1 compared to males in both age groups. The concentration of UCd was found to be higher among participants aged 15–18 and 19–21 years with UCd levels ranging between 0.20–0.49 µg/gCr-MT-1 and 0.50–0.80 µg/gCr-KIM-1. There was no correlation between age, gender, or region and MT-1 and KIM-1 detection. Menstruation is one of the risk factors for iron loss resulting in iron deficiency among teenage girls, and thus a source of cadmium bioavailability in the body. We, therefore, recommend that relevant authorities should focus on carrying out periodic surveillance among women aged 19 to 21 to identify those affected and subject them to treatment.
Application of a Partially Invariant Exact Solution of the Thermosolutal Convection Equations for Studying the Instability of an Evaporative Flow in a Channel Heated from Above
Authors: Bekezhanova Victoria B. , Goncharova Olga N.
Published: July 2023

The characteristics of a stationary flow of a volatile liquid driven by a co-current gas flux in a flat horizontal mini-channel upon the non-zero transverse temperature drop are studied. We use an exact solution of the thermosolutal convection equations for describing the heat and mass transfer caused by the combined action of gas pumping, buoyancy, thermocapillarity and linear heating of the channel walls in a two-layer system. The influence of heating from above on the parameters of the ground state and the stability characteristics of the basic flow is explored using an example of the ethanol–air system. We evaluate the thresholds of the linear stability and select the most dangerous modes. Heating from above results in flow stabilization. Instability appears in the form of oscillatory cellular convective patterns.
PLGA Nanoparticle-Based Dissolving Microneedle Vaccine of Clostridium perfringens ε Toxin
Authors: Wan Wei , Li Yue , Wang Jing , Jin Zhiying , Xin Wenwen , Kang Lin , Wang Junhong , Li Xiaoyang , Cao Yakun , Yang Hao , Wang Jinglin , Gao Shan
Published: July 2023

Epsilon toxin (ETX) is an exotoxin produced by type B and D Clostridium perfringens that causes enterotoxemia or necrotic enteritis in animals such as goats, sheep, and cattle. Vaccination is a key method in preventing such diseases. In this study, we developed a new type of dissolving microneedle patch (dMN) with a nanoparticle adjuvant for enhanced immune response to deliver the rETXY196E-C protein vaccine. We chose FDA-approved poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to prepare nanospheres as the vaccine adjuvant and introduced dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDAB) to make the surface of PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) positively charged for antigen adsorption. PLGA NPs with a diameter of 100~200 nm, a surface ZETA potential of approximately +40 mV, and good safety were successfully prepared and could effectively adsorb rETXY196E-C protein. Using non-toxic and antibacterial fish gelatin as the microneedle (MN) matrix, we prepared a PLGA-DDAB dMN vaccine with good mechanical properties that successfully penetrated the skin. After immunization of subcutaneous (SC) and dMN, antibody titers of the PLGA and Al adjuvant groups were similar in both two immune ways. However, in vivo neutralization experiments showed that the dMN vaccines had a better protective effect. When challenged with 100 × LD50 GST-ETX, the survival rate of the MN group was 100%, while that of the SC Al group was 80%. However, a 100% protective effect was achieved in both immunization methods using PLGA NPs. In vitro neutralization experiments showed that the serum antibodies from the dMN and SC PLGA NPs groups both protect naive mice from 10 × LD50 GST-ETX attack after being diluted 20 times and could also protect MDCK cells from 20 × CT50 GST-ETX attack. In conclusion, the PLGA-DDAB dMN vaccine we prepared has good mechanical properties, immunogenicity, and protection, and can effectively prevent ETX poisoning. This provides a better way of delivering protein vaccines.
Animal Toxins: A Historical Outlook at the Institut Pasteur of Paris
Authors: Popoff Michel R. , Faure Grazyna , Legout Sandra , Ladant Daniel
Published: July 2023

Humans have faced poisonous animals since the most ancient times. It is recognized that certain animals, like specific plants, produce toxic substances that can be lethal, but that can also have therapeutic or psychoactive effects. The use of the term “venom”, which initially designated a poison, remedy, or magic drug, is now confined to animal poisons delivered by biting. Following Louis Pasteur’s work on pathogenic microorganisms, it was hypothesized that venoms could be related to bacterial toxins and that the process of pathogenicity attenuation could be applied to venoms for the prevention and treatment of envenomation. Cesaire Phisalix and Gabriel Bertrand from the National Museum of Natural History as well as Albert Calmette from the Institut Pasteur in Paris were pioneers in the development of antivenomous serotherapy. Gaston Ramon refined the process of venom attenuation for the immunization of horses using a formalin treatment method that was successful for diphtheria and tetanus toxins. This paved the way for the production of antivenomous sera at the Institut Pasteur, as well as for research on venom constituents and the characterization of their biological activities. The specific activities of certain venom components, such as those involved in blood coagulation or the regulation of chloride ion channels, raises the possibility of developing novel therapeutic drugs that could serve as anticoagulants or as a treatment for cystic fibrosis, for example. Scientists of the Institut Pasteur of Paris have significantly contributed to the study of snake venoms, a topic that is reported in this review.
Foodborne Diseases Due to Underestimated Hazard of Joint Mycotoxin Exposure at Low Levels and Possible Risk Assessment
Authors: Stoev Stoycho D.
Published: July 2023

The subject of this review paper is to evaluate the underestimated hazard of multiple mycotoxin exposure of animals/humans for the appearance of foodborne ailments and diseases. The significance of joint mycotoxin interaction in the development of foodborne diseases is discussed, and appropriate conclusions are made. The importance of low feed/food levels of some target mycotoxins co-contaminations in food and feedstuffs for induction of target foodborne mycotoxicoses is also studied in the available literature. The appropriate hygiene control and the necessary risk assessment in regard to possible hazards for animals and humans are also discussed, and appropriate suggestions are made. Some internationally recognized prophylactic measures, management of the risk, and the necessity of elaboration of new international regulations in regard to the maximum permitted levels are also carefully discussed and analysed in the cases of multiple mycotoxin contaminations. The necessity of harmonization of mycotoxin regulations and control measures at international levels is also discussed in order to facilitate food trade between the countries and to ensure global food safety.
Influence of the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms rs12252 and rs34481144 in IFITM3 on the Antibody Response after Vaccination against COVID-19
Authors: Čiučiulkaitė Ieva , Siffert Winfried , Elsner Carina , Dittmer Ulf , Wichert Marc , Wagner Bernd , Volbracht Lothar , Mosel Frank , Möhlendick Birte
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is the first mRNA vaccine approved for human administration by both the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. Studies have shown that the immune response and the decay of immunity after vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccines are variable within a population. Host genetic factors probably contribute to this variability. In this study, we investigated the effect of the single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs12252 and rs34481144 in the interferon-induced transmembrane protein (IFITM) 3 gene on the humoral immune response after vaccination against COVID-19 with mRNA vaccines. Blood samples were collected from 1893 healthcare workers and medical students at multiple time points post-vaccination and antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein receptor binding domain were determined at all time points. All participants were genotyped for the rs34481144 and rs12252 polymorphisms in the IFITM3 gene. After the second and third vaccinations, antibody titer levels increased at one month and decreased at six months (p < 0.0001) and were higher after the booster vaccination than after the basic immunization (p < 0.0001). Participants vaccinated with mRNA-1273 had a higher humoral immune response than participants vaccinated with BNT162b2. rs12252 had no effect on the antibody response. In contrast, carriers of the GG genotype in rs34481144 vaccinated with BNT162b2 had a lower humoral immune response compared to A allele carriers, which reached statistical significance on the day of the second vaccination (p = 0.03) and one month after the second vaccination (p = 0.04). Further studies on the influence of rs12252 and rs34481144 on the humoral immune response after vaccination against COVID-19 are needed.
A Large-Scale Group Decision-Making Approach to Assess Water Resource Sustainability with Double-Level Linguistic Preference Relation
Authors: Yao Jia-Cheng , Zhou Jian-Lan , Xiao Hai
Published: July 2023

With the rapid development of science and technology and the continuous progress of society, water resource sustainability has attracted much attention. The assessment process of water resource sustainability has become a hot topic. Because professional models cannot ensure the accuracy of evaluation results, expert judgment techniques are used to perform the assessment process. Meanwhile, to eliminate the biases and consider people’s cognitive processes in complex decision making, this study utilizes a large group of experts to evaluate the sustainability of water resources, which is called a large-scale group water resource sustainability assessment (LGWRSA). This study proposes the double-level linguistic preference relation (DLLPR) to enable experts to present more reasonable and intuitive linguistic opinions. Based on the DLLPR, this study presents a clustering method, a weighting method, and a comprehensive adjustment factor determination method. To prevent minority opinions and non-cooperative behaviors from interfering with the decision-making process and to make the decision-making process develop in an accurate and objective direction, a consensus model is developed to modify minority opinions and suggestions and manage non-cooperative behaviors. After a sufficient number of experts reach a consensus through the method proposed in this article, a more accurate evaluation result can be obtained. Finally, an actual LGWRSA problem is established to derive water resource sustainability expectations for four provinces, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed method. A comparative analysis is performed to illustrate the benefits of these methods and present their shortcomings.
Using Stakeholder Needs Assessments and Deliberative Dialogue to Inform Climate Change Outreach Efforts
Authors: Layman Claire , Doll Julie , Peters Cheryl
Published: July 2023

Farmers represent a large group of Extension stakeholders who stand to be affected by increased climate variability and change. Yet climate change can be a polarizing topic. In order to be sensitive to this reality, meet stakeholder education needs, and carry out the land-grant mission, we used a participatory decision model known as "deliberation with analysis" to inform climate change programming around agriculture. We designed evaluation tools for each phase of the project. This method strengthened relationships with stakeholders and enabled Michigan State University to move forward with climate change programming.
INSTILLING THE ELEMENTS OF GOOD VALUES AND ETHICS THROUGH ISLAMIC EDUCATION E-LEARNING PLATFORMS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Mohd Noor Nur Eliza , Tengku Kasim Tengku Sarina Aini , Md. Yusoff Yusmini
Published: July 2023

Good values and ethics are the cores in developing the personality of each person. They are among the elements that need to be instilled in learning sessions physically or virtually through e-learning platforms. Instilling these elements of good values and ethics will form commendable behaviours to create generations with a great personality. Previous studies have shown that the use of e-learning platforms to replace the face-to-face physical learning sessions in classes has some implications to the development of students’ personality. For example, the students did not give feedback to their teachers during the e-learning sessions, did not start the e-learning sessions with prayer recitation, did not attend the online learning sessions punctually, did not give salutation to the teachers when entering the online classes, and did not complete their assignment properly and ethically. These issues are indirectly related to the effectiveness and roles of Islamic Education teachers in building up the students’ personality through the e-learning platforms. Therefore, this study aimed to observe the experiences of Islamic Education teachers in instilling the elements of good values and ethics in implementing e-learning. This qualitative study employed in-depth interviews involving three Islamic Education teachers. The interview data were analysed thematically using the Nvivo software, version 1.7 to produce the study’s findings. The analysis of interviews found that all the Islamic Education teachers managed to instil some of the elements of good values during the Islamic Education e-learning sessions. Besides, the findings also identified a few challenges in e-learning faced by the Islamic Education teachers that these challenges had led to limitations in instilling the good values in the students. It is hoped that the study would help educators to increase their knowledge in instilling the elements of good values and ethics through the e-learning platforms while also spreading the inputs especially to parents about the challenges faced by the Islamic Education teachers in building up students’ personality.
Why Smart Contracts Reported as Vulnerable were not Exploited?
Authors: Hu Tianyuan , Li Jingyue , Li Bixin , Storhaug André
Published: July 2023

Smart contract security is essential for blockchain applications. Studies show that few of the reported vulnerabilities are exploited. However, no follow-up study is performed to why the reported vulnerabilities are not exploited. We aim to understand the reasons for the low exploitation rate to help improve vulnerability detection practices. We first collect 136,969 unique real-world smart contracts and analyze them using seven vulnerability detectors. Then, we apply Strauss’ grounded theory approach to understand if they are exploitable. In addition, we analyze the transaction logs of the exploitable vulnerabilities to understand their exploitations in history.  Among the 4,364 smart contracts reported as vulnerable by the vulnerability detectors, 75.27% of them are unexploitable. Only 66 (0.015%) exploitable contracts have been exploited. We uncover 11 reasons for making the detectors misidentify unexploitable vulnerabilities and six reasons that may lower the possibility of exploitable contracts being exploited by attackers. We illustrate that: beyond treating the smart contracts as yet another Object Oriented (OO) application, it is essential to consider the Solidity programming language’s design principle, smart contracts' application scenarios, and their execution environments. Based on the study's insights, we provide several suggestions to improve smart contract vulnerability detection, prioritization, and mitigation.  
Agressividade e violência na escola: olhares sobre a educação física
Authors: Crespan Alana Grunevald , Ahlert Alvori
Published: July 2023

O presente ensaio teve como objetivo construir um referencial teórico sobre a violência nas aulas de educação física escolar. Com apoio na literatura, este ensaio evidencia a distinção entre agressividade e violência e analisa a violência na sociedade, na família e na escola, concluindo com os referenciais sobre a educação física escolar e a violência. Fica evidente a necessidade de uma política de educação com relação à violência escolar e o compromisso dos professores e professoras em desenvolver a consciência de seu papel na formação e no desenvolvimento da personalidade de seus alunos através do desenvolvimento da socialização, cooperação, da construção de limites, instigando para o diálogo e para a formação de alunos críticos e responsáveis por suas ações.
Sind wir bereit fürs autonome Fahren?
Authors: Konersmann Rainer
Published: July 2023

Mindestens 91 Prozent aller Verkehrsunfälle sind auf menschliches Fehlverhalten zurückzuführen. Auch deshalb sind die Visionen von autonom fahrenden Autos verlockend. Wie von Geisterhand gesteuert fahren tausende, zeitungslesende, Filme streamende und kaffeetrinkende Menschen entspannt zur Arbeit oder in den Urlaub. Und dies unfallfrei und ohne Stau. Aber sind autonom fahrende PKW wirklich fehlerfrei? Obwohl die technologischen Möglichkeiten dafür bereits geschaffen sind, sieht es momentan nicht danach aus. Die Unfallberichte sprechen eine klare Sprache. Und sie zeigen auch, dass es noch sehr lange ohne die aktive Mithilfe eines aufmerksamen Fahrers nicht funktionieren wird.
Classification of industrial sectors based on their profiles of greenhouse gas emissions and policy implications
Authors: Retegi Albisua Jabier , Igartua López Juan Ignacio , Kamp Bart
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This article reports on a study of greenhouse gases emitted by industrial manufacturing sectors and gives insights into the appropriate orientation of emission reduction public programmes for better efficiency.Design/methodology/approach: For this study, a classification of industrial manufacturing sectors based on their greenhouse gas emissions profiles was performed. Using economic data on the consumption of energy sources and a conversion process to obtain an estimation of greenhouse gas emissions, a profile of the direct/indirect emissions, concentration of emissions, total emissions and electrification level of each sector was developed. Finally, the sectors were segmented into four groups.Findings: The emissions profile of each of the identified sector segments features specific characteristics; therefore, public programmes promoting greenhouse gas reduction should be specific to each segment. Special attention should be given to the segment that features a large amount of emissions concentrated in a relatively low number of firms and a low level of electrification but appears to use public funds disproportionate to their emissions.Research limitations/implications: Due to the lack of data, some big emitter sectors, such as extractive industries and petroleum refining industries, are not included in the study.Practical implications: Public programmes should consider different approaches to reducing greenhouse gas emissions based on sectoral segmentation. General projects are proposed for each of the identified segments.Social implications: Improved public programmes should foster the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 12.Originality/value: The methodology proposed in this paper allows research to go beyond consideration of the local emissions of an industry to measure its direct and indirect emissions and focus on the firms that should invest in reducing them.
A Study on the Application of Blockchain Technology in the Banking and Financial Sector in India
Authors: Rajat  , Nirolia Monica
Published: July 2023

Modern technology is influencing our daily lives, from using a remote to control equipment to utilizing voice notes to give orders. Because of its properties of decentralization, enforceability, and sharing, blockchain technology is frequently used in banking, digital asset trade, and other sectors. Blockchain has emerged as a popular issue in fintech research, influencing the evolution of traditional financial forms. It is regarded as the foundation of the digital economy. Blockchain technology may be defined as a data structure that keeps transactional records and, by ensuring security, transparency, and decentralization, eliminates the possibility of fraudulent behaviour or transaction repetition without the use of a third party. This study examines the characteristics and challenges of blockchain technology, the impact of blockchain technology on the operation and administration of the banking and financial sector and the possibilities for blockchain technology implementation in banking and financial sector in India.
A malha eclesiástica colonial brasileira
Authors: Briskievicz Danilo Arnaldo
Published: July 2023

O objetivo deste estudo é oferecer narrativa circunstanciada sobre as relações entre a Coroa portuguesa e a Igreja católica no interior do padroado real nas minas gerais. Explicamos a colonização metropolitana no Brasil com o auxílio dos padres seculares, fundamentais para o adensamento populacional em torno das ermidas, capelas e matrizes. Investigamos os primeiros padres da paróquia serrana (Vila do Príncipe), demonstrando em suas biografias a forma de lidar com seus fiéis devotos, através da constituição política de suas autoridades e autorizações cotidianas vivenciadas. A metodologia de pesquisa centrou-se no levantamento de documentos do período no Brasil e em Portugal, sua análise crítica em torno da ambiência da microhistória e da história cultural. O resultado é apresentado pari passu à narrativa histórica, concluindo que o projeto de colonização brasileiro nas minas gerais contou com a organização e funcionamento sistemáticos do padroado real.
Potential of Vermifiltration Technique to Reduce Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biological Oxygen Demand, and Total Suspended Solid of Farm Dairy Effluent in Developing Countries: Case of Indonesian Farm Dairy Industry
Authors: Permana Indra , Sudirja Rija , Jupesta Joni
Published: July 2023

Farm dairy effluent (FDE) contains high level of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) which caused river and groundwater pollution. To reduce those parameters, vermifiltration technique was utilized for dairy effluent treatment. It also could reduce greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions, removing organic and excessive nutrients without odor and recovering manure nutrients in the treated dairy effluent and vermicompost. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of Vermifiltration in reducing COD, BOD and TSS of the FDE. Samples of wastewater were collected from dairy farm industry from 3,542 of total cow populations located in Bandung regency, Indonesia. The sample characteristics of COD, BOD, TSS, pH, NH3-N, organic carbon, and macro nutrients (total N, P2O5, and K2O) were measured before and after vermifiltration treatment. Vermifiltration treatment will produce two types of products i.e.: tea water and vermicompost. The result showed that Vermifilter removed the COD, BOD, and TSS of 93%, 95%, and 93% respectively. The organic carbon NH3-N, and total macro nutrients generally decreased after treated by Vermifilter (2.01 to 0.0001% of organic carbon, 718 to 3.75 mg L-1 of NH3-N, 0.2 to 0.02% of total N, 0.19 to 004% P2O5, 0.57 to 0.18% of K2O); however, the pH was not significantly changing (from 8.13 to become 8.05). Vermicompost produced by vermifiltration beds by earthworms consumes sewage solids and excreting them in the vermicast which produces high macronutrients (2.4% of total N, 5.5% of P2O5, and 0.75% of K2O), and organic carbon (15.6%), hence beneficial for soil fertilizer. Vermifilter effectively degrades the organic matter in the dairy effluent. Derivatives produced by the Vermifiltration process, namely tea water and Vermicompost, can be used as substitutes for irrigation materials and organic fertilizers on agricultural land, and act as soil conditioners to improve soil properties.
 
Received: 3 April 2023 | Revised: 5 June 2023 | Accepted: 15 July 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
PRODUÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE BIODIESEL DE ÓLEO DE SOJA REFINADO E SEUS COMPARATIVOS
Authors: Orben Jean Michel Chaves , Santos Reginaldo Ferreira , Siqueira Jair Antonio Cruz , Baioco Rafaela Adam , Pazuch Félix Augusto , Santos Eliane Vieira dos , Pereira Isabella Ribas
Published: July 2023

Devido às questões ambientais e de escassez, fontes de energia provenientes do petróleo são aos poucos substituídas por fontes renováveis, sendo notável o biodiesel. O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor de soja do mundo, e a partir desse grão, é extraído o óleo para a fabricação do combustível. Apesar de possuir um custo mais elevado que o do diesel, vários países possuem leis que incentivam o seu uso, sendo o Brasil um deles, onde por lei é misturado 13% de biodiesel no diesel comercializado. O desempenho do biodiesel em motores a combustão também apresenta diferenças quando comparado com o diesel puro, e alguns fatores físico-químicos podem alterar a eficiência, especialmente a viscosidade cinemática. Este trabalho produz o biodiesel a partir do processo de transesterificação a partir do óleo de soja refinado, e são realizadas as caracterizações físico-químicas do biodiesel e comparadas frente ao óleo de soja extravirgem, óleo de soja refinado e diesel puro. Destaca-se a maior presença de aromáticos no diesel puro, o ponto de congelamento do biodiesel ser 6 ºC superior, bem como a viscosidade cinemática do biodiesel ser 90,5% maior que a do diesel puro.
Experimental study of properties of concrete with dosage of recycled steel fibers
Authors: Prokop Jaroslav , Hollý Ivan , Zia Asad , Ondák Adrián
Published: July 2023

Currently, is observing a huge increase in waste tires in the world. Over 1 billion waste tires increase yearly, bringing environmental and health issues. Material recovery of particular waste allows for obtaining recycled steel fibers (RSF). RSFs incorporated in concrete significantly improve recycled steel fiber reinforced concrete's tensile strength and energy absorption (RSFRC). The goal of the experimental research presented in this paper is to investigate the compressive strength of RSFRC, tensile splitting strength and to determine particular fracture mechanical parameters of RSFRC with different doses of RSF. RSFRC compressive strength tests were carried out on three samples for each batch of RSF according to STN EN 12 390-3. Determination of tensile splitting was executed according standard STN EN 12390-6 in case three specimens, cilinders in shape. Selected fracture mechanical properties were determined on three RSFRC beams with a notch for each batch of RSF according to JCI-S-001-2003 and JCI-S-002-2003. Experimental research has shown that with a dose RSF higher than 1.9% by volume an increase in RSFRC compressive strength was observed. Further was invented, that with increase dosage of RSF increase tensile splitting strength of concrete. The bending test result is an increasing trend of fracture energy with an increasing dose of RSF. From this experimental research, it emerged that it is necessary to choose a dose of RSF of at least 1.9% by volume.
O emprego do supply chain management na organização pública
Authors: Wittmann Mariane Beatriz , Lorenzi Junior David , Missagia Fernandes Evandro , Torres Appel Geronimo , Rodrigo Faria Jorge
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo se propôs a verificar se as vantagens econômicas e de implantação, bem como os principais benefícios, propostos com a implantação do Almoxarifado Virtual Nacional, foram alcançados após o seu emprego em uma organização do Exército Brasileiro, na região Central do Rio Grande do Sul, identificando, junto aos usuários, as principais contribuições deste tipo de gerenciamento logístico, bem como diagnosticou possíveis falhas e correções. Trabalhada a implantação do Almoxarifado Virtual como integrante da Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimento (Supply Chain Managment), sendo explanado no referencial teórico a definição destes dois conceitos, de modo a tornar claro as suas definições e relação. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na forma de um estudo de caso, produzindo conhecimento efetivo, com respostas para um problema específico, caracterizada como aplicada, e uma abordagem qualitativa. Foram coletadas informações da literatura, em livros, periódicos, artigos científicos e legislações específicas, bem como foram levantados e analisados dados do Portal da Transparência e Comprasnet, e realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com servidores diretamente envolvidos na aquisição, recebimento, armazenamento e pagamento. Foi possível afirmar que houve uma redução dos custos administrativos, um ganho administrativo significativo, qualidade dos produtos e rapidez nas entregas, possibilita o rastreamento das encomendas. Relata a questão problemática da emissão tardia da Nota Fiscal, como uma possibilidade de melhoria, propõe a implantação da sistemática para outros itens e sugere temas para estudos futuros.
Evaluación de la satisfacción en personas usuarias de actividades de envejecimiento saludable en Aragón
Authors: Mira-Aladrén Marta , Martín-Peña Javier , Alonso Hernando Blanca
Published: July 2023

El progresivo envejecimiento de la población incrementa la demanda de políticas y programas de envejecimiento saludable. Aunque existen estudios que contemplan el impacto de esos programas sobre la calidad de vida de los mayores, son escasas las investigaciones que se ocupan de medir la satisfacción con los mismos. Por ello, nuestro objetivo es crear un cuestionario que permita analizar las características y el grado de satisfacción de estos usuarios. Para su diseño, se consideraron las características de las personas mayores, se contó con la asesoría de expertos, y con una muestra piloto inicial para testear el cuestionario planteado. La muestra final quedó conformada en 1641 personas. Los resultados describen a una mujer entre 66 y 75 años, casada, con estudios básicos y que vive acompañada. Además, muestran elevados niveles de satisfacción general para los aspectos relacionados con los docentes y los cursos y algo más ajustados en lo referido a los Centros. Los usuarios valoran especialmente el contexto social y psicológico (ambiente y compañerismo, entre otros) que trascienden a los conocimientos.
Impact of Brand Trust on Repurchase Intention of Tokopedia
Authors: Jeffry Jeffry , Mariatin Emmy , Novliadi Ferry
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of brand trust on repurchase intention consumer in Tokopedia. Questionnaires distributed to 390 respondents and the hypothesis is examined using quantitative approach. Data was analyzed using the SEM PLS (Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares) method with SmartPLS. The results are significant and positive effects between brand trust and repurchase intention The implication is that Tokopedia should increase its performance on strengthening brand trust in order to increase repurchase intention
Gratitude for (One's Own) Life
Authors: Anderson Matthew Lee
Published: July 2023

This essay argues that gratitude for one's own life is an intelligible attitude to have. It does so by arguing that reducing pro-attitudes in response to unintentional benefits to “appreciation” is too broad. Instead, such “appreciation” can be understood as gratitude if such benefits satisfy a number of conditions that track or are analogous to why we care about interpersonally bestowed benefits. One's own life satisfies those four conditions, which can make gratitude for it intelligible—when it is perceived as a benefit.
A Contrastive Cognitive Semantic Analysis of “Mountain”&“Shan”
Authors: Liu Mei , Li Yu
Published: July 2023

Based on the related corpus of "mountain" and "shan," this study uses the principled polysemy analysis method to conduct a contrastive analysis of the cognitive meanings of the two words. It is found that the archetypal meaning of "mountain" is the same in English and Chinese, but the extended meaning derived from the metaphor is similar and different, which reflects the coexistence of universality and difference in the perception of the concept of the mountain by English and Chinese users. Therefore, foreign language vocabulary teaching should pay attention to the network structure of word meaning and grasp the archetypal meaning and the extended meaning of words.
A Study on the Communication Mode of Tik Tok's "online celebrity City" Image
Authors: Gao Bowen
Published: July 2023

In the era of the public's pursuit of "short, flat and fast", short video has become an indispensable pastime for young users. The vibrato short video has become the leader in the field of short video with monthly activity of more than 500 million users. The rise of short video vibrato has brought an opportunity for the spread of urban tourism image. The popularity of Xi 'an is due to the video of "Falling Bowl Wine" released by a user on Tik Tok APP in early 2018, which was reprinted and commented in a short period of time. Therefore, Xi 'an has repeatedly appeared on the hot search list of Tik Tok, Weibo and other media. However, with the shaping and spreading of Xi 'an city image in Tik Tok, there are some problems, so this paper chooses the short video of Xi 'an city image in central Tik Tok as the research object. Based on the city image communication theory, this study attempts to answer the questions of what kind of city image of Xi'an is presented in Tiktok, how it is presented in Tiktok, how the communication interaction is, and what problems and shortcomings exist. The research results show that the short video social platform can be used to spread the city image. In terms of image content construction, we can start with the three symbols of "food", "beauty" and "music", which are more prominent in popularity and communication effect.
Solution Of The Armenian Question According To V. D. Pletnyev
Authors: Zakaryan Zakaryan
Published: July 2023

On March, 1914 Professor of Petersburg’s military-juridical academy, colonel, journalist, publicist, public figure Vladimir D. Pletnyev (1878–1954), arrives in Transcaucasus where in hall of the Tiflis Royal theatre he gave a lecture called “The Armenian Question and Europe”. He lectured on the same theme in Yerevan, Alexandropol, Kars, Batum and Baku, too. According to the press reports V. Pletnyov had comprehensively studied the Armenian Question, the conditions of the Armenian land, the past and the present of the Armenian people. In accordance with it, he spoke about the Armenian Question, the phases of its development, the benefits and positions of Russia, England, Germany and Turkey connected with that question and then concluded, that only Russia and the Russian people can give a helping hand to the culture-creating people of Օld East and save them from the massacre and extermination.
Riesgo de desastre y cambio climático: Un breve análisis a partir del estudio de caso de Galinhos, Brasil
Authors: Queiroz de Almeida Lutiane , Da Silva Costa Mariana Raissa Paula , Rodrigues Feitosa Frazão Ana Paula , Gondim de Freitas Anderson , Azevedo de Souza Eduardo , Lima de Souza Jhonathan , Silva de Matos Lucíola , Da Silva Juvenal Pedro Henrique , Gomes da Silva Jeferson , Baptista Tirelo Thiago Santoro
Published: July 2023

El objetivo del artículo es evaluar el riesgo, la vulnerabilidad y la exposición a desastres de la sede municipal de Galinhos, provincia de Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. La investigación se desarrolló en 3 etapas: revisión bibliográfica y definición de la metodología utilizada; visita técnica de campo; y actividades de recopilación de datos posteriores al campo. Se identificó que en la sede de Galinhos existen sectores con riesgo al avance del nivel del mar y poblaciones en contexto de vulnerabilidad. Como resultado, cuatro sectores fueron considerados críticos y demandan mayor atención por parte de la gestión, así como la implementación de infraestructuras que brinden apoyo preventivo.
Implantação de um plano de aplicação de medicamentos de alta vigilância em uma unidade de terapia intensiva
Authors: Silva Ana Lúcia da , Maligieri Luis Angelo Ozan
Published: July 2023

O sistema de aplicação medicamentosa é considerado complexo e dinâmico por compreender várias etapas, como a seleção e a obtenção do medicamento, a prescrição, o preparo, a dispensação e a administração do medicamento, além do monitoramento do paciente. Este estudo teve como objetivo criar e implantar um plano de aplicação de medicamentos de alta vigilância em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). O método utilizado foi o descritivo, com levantamento bibliográfico, mapeamento do processo, criação e implantação do Plano de Aplicação de Medicamentos. Foi criado um fluxograma para verificar o recebimento do medicamento, sua administração e o monitoramento do paciente, o que possibilitou melhorar o processo de recebimento e administração de medicamentos de alta vigilância, a fim de se garantir uma assistência segura.
The role of the World Health Organisation and related funds on maternal and child health in Nigeria
Authors: Francis Adah Oluma , Theophilus Sunday Gabriel , Mohammed Kasim , Deák Máté Sándor , Boruzs Klára , Bíró Klára , Bányai Gábor
Published: July 2023

Maternal and child health is extremely important because it serves as the fundamental metric of a successful society or nation. This is because every successful conception of a child ensures that there is hope for a better world because each child has the potential to make a positive difference. The demands of mothers' health must be appropriately met since they have a significant impact on how birth will turn out and, thus, on the continuation of life. The purpose of this study is to provide light on the roles played over time by the World Health Organization, International Children's Fund, and United Nations Population Fund in influencing maternal and child health in Nigeria.Using a well-established guide on performing systematic reviews and meta-analyses for medical research as well as PRISMA reporting criteria, systematic review was used to effectively search for data related to the steps taken by these multilateral organizations. After carefully evaluating all the publications acquired and ensuring that they met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, respectively, an electronic search was conducted on Google Scholar and PubMed, yielding 49 studies for systematic review. According to the research's design, the multilateral organizations engaged in the program, the measures taken by those organizations, the country, the target group whether it is for maternal or child health and the state or area in Nigeria where the study was conducted, the data were retrieved. The general quality of the included studies was not astounding this due to the fair rating most of the study received, the availability of the roles in form of intervention or programmes executed by the multilateral organizations involved in this study were very limited upon searching electronically implying that much qualitative and dedicated research on this theme needs to be adequately carried out.This study demonstrates that the three organizations have had a significant impact on Nigeria over the years. However, the World Health Organization has contributed the most to maternal and child health, as evidenced by the targeted programs it has carried out in Nigeria over the years. One significant result of this program was the complete eradication of poliomyelitis in Nigeria.
DCABLE BRACING SYSTEM FOR TALL BUILDINGS
Authors: M. A. Saleem
Published: July 2023

Selection of wind force resisting system is an important decision in the design of tall buildings, especially for those located in hurricane prone regions. Rigid frames, shear walls, braced frames, framed tube, bundled tube and hybrid system are the common structural forms used to resist lateral forces produced due to wind. Cables have a great potential to be used as a structural element. Cable stayed and hanging bridges and guyed towers are the common structural applications of cables. Not much work has been done to use cables for bracing tall buildings against the lateral movement produced by natural forces like wind and earthquakes. This research work proposes an external cable bracing system for tall buildings which may be used in the future for high-rise structures. A sixty story tall building has been analyzed for the wind speed recommended for Miami, FL., USA., using a shear wall bracing system and the proposed cable bracing system. Comparison of structural performance of the two systems is presented to establish the suitability of the cable bracing system as a part of the wind force resisting system.
EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF MINERALS ON THE PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING CATTLE AND BUFFALO
Authors: M. Tariq  , G.Abbas  , S.Ahmad  , R.Mustafa  , H.Sultan  , M.Abdullah  , I.Hussain  , M.Arshad  , U.Bashir Cheema  , S.U.Hassan
Published: July 2023

A significant part of a complete dairy feeding program is the mineral-vitamin component. Physiologically, minerals are involved in reproduction, lactation, cow/calf health during pregnancy and cow recovery after calving and general herd health. Highly productive dairy animals have much greater needs for minerals and vitamins than low-producing.Concentrations of minerals andvitamins in feeds can be extremely variable. Dairy animals commonly need 3 vitamins and 17 mineral for their optimal productivity. Even the deficiency of any of these can result in health, reproduction and milk production problems. The antioxidant, vitamin E and carotene are beneficial in reducing mastitis. Vitamins (D, E, C and carotene) and minerals (Cu, Zn, and Se) are needed for enhanced immune response.Almost all the members of B.comlex group, C vitamin K2 are synthesized in rumenbut ruminant diet should contain sufficient cobalt for B12 synthesis. Vitamin A is neither synthesized in the body nor contributed by bacteria and it is the only vitamin, which may be deficient supply under many conditions. Therefore its supply seems to be critical.Vitamin E content of forage is highly variable and is effective in reducing gossypol toxicity. Generally it is assumed that the dairy animals with functional rumen do not develop deficiency. Different research reports suggest the need for supplemental biotin, thiamin and niacin for dairy cattle. Pre-partum anionic diets should be supplemented to avoid Milk fever. High phosphorus diets do not improve milk production or reproduction but there is environmental concern from use of excess P. Manganese has its role in ovulation and fertility of dairy animals. Grazing dairy animals should have access to high quality freechoice mineral mixtures. Mineral and Vitamin supplementation should especially be managed before the periods of increased trace mineral demand such as calving, joining, dry-off and growth.