bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A textual question answering and handwritten answer evaluation system for hindi language
Authors: Khurana Khushboo , Bharambe Rachita , Dharmik Hardik , Rathi Krishna , Rawte Mayur
Published: January 2024

Textual Question Answering targets answering questions defined in natural language. Question Answering Systems offer an automated approach to procuring answers to queries expressed in natural language. The need for Multilingual Question Answering without performing machine translation is ever existing. Besides that, automating tasks with the help of technology to assist humans, has been the main aim of research in recent years. This paper presents an automated answer evaluation system for reading comprehension-based questions in the Hindi language without requiring translation in any other language. The system accepts text, question, and handwritten answer of a student in the form of an image for answer evaluation. This is accomplished by developing a textual question-answering system for reading comprehension. It is an extractive approach that utilizes RoBERTa transformer model and fine-tunes it for Hindi question-answering. The answer to the question is extracted as a span from the provided text. Further, a handwritten text recognizer model is developed employing a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network with Connectionist Temporal Classification module along with two layers of Bidirectional LSTM. Experimentation is performed using existing as well as self-created datasets to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. An accuracy of 98.69% is obtained on the self-created Hindi-QA dataset and the proposed system outperformed the other existing methods. The paper also discusses potential research directions in the field.
Preschool teachers’ predicaments of teaching online and strategies employed during the COVID-19 pandemic: A literature review
Authors: Liu Zi Rui
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the transition to remote preschool education, highlighting the crucial role of preschool teachers in navigating pedagogical transformations, adapting to technology, and addressing the challenges of distance learning. OBJECTIVE: This study delved into the intricate challenges confronted by educators specializing in early childhood education within the realm of remote instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it scrutinized a spectrum of tactics and interventions implemented to overcome the challenges, presenting nuanced insights to enhance the effectiveness of online pedagogy. METHODS: Conducting a systematic literature review, this study comprehensively analysed academic sources to synthesize challenges faced by preschool teachers and their adaptive strategies during the transition to remote instruction induced by the COVID-19. The investigation focused on online teaching strategies, COVID-19 implications, and the broader landscape of remote learning. RESULTS: The review illuminated intricate challenges, encompassing technological constraints, pedagogical adjustments, and psychological adaptations. These challenges compelled the deployment of a diverse range of strategies, underscoring educators’ resilience and resourcefulness in maintaining vibrant online teaching and learning ecosystems. CONCLUSION: This study offers a valuable compendium of insights, providing a comprehensive view of the evolving landscape of remote pedagogy. By fostering a nuanced understanding of the challenges and strategies, educators, administrators, and policymakers can collaboratively devise informed interventions. This collaborative effort optimizes online teaching practices, fostering enriched learning outcomes within the digital epoch.
ANALISIS PRINSIP FIVES OF CREDIT DAN PEMAHAMAN MODERASI BERAGAMA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBERIAN PEMBIAYAAN IJARAH MULTIJASA DI BPRS MANDIRI MITRA SUKSES GRESIK
Authors: Arifin Syamsul
Published: January 2024

Prinsip five of credit merupakan prinsip kehati-hatian dalam penyaluran dana yang terdiri dari analisa character, capasity, collateral, capital dan condition of economic. Moderasi beragama adalah sikap dan upaya menjadikan agama sebagai dasar dan prinsip untuk selalu menghindarkan perilaku atau pengungkapan yang ekstrem (radikalisme) dan selalu mencari jalan tengah yang menyatukan dan membersamakan semua elemen dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, bernegara, dan berbangsa Indonesia Maka dari itu bank syariah  dalam pemberian keputusan pembiyaan kepada nasabah harus berdasarkan analisa  dari prinsip fives of credit dan memahami makna moderasi beragama dalam melayani setiap nasabah tersebut.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan analisis prinsip fives of credit dan paham moderasi beragama terhadap keputusan pemberian pembiayaan ijarah multijasa yang dilakukan oleh BPRS Mandiri Mitra Sukses Gresik menilai layak atau tidaknya calon nasabah tersebut dalam menerima pembiayaan ijarah multijasa. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian dengan metode kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan analisis prinsip fives of credit dalam pembiayaan ijarah multijasa serta pemahaman yang memadai tentang moderasi beragama Di BPRS Mandiri Mitra Sukses sudah dietrapkan dengan cukup baik sesuai dengan teori prinsip fives of credit. Dalam hal ini berupa character, capasity, capital, Collateral dan condition of economic. Untuk penambahan penerapan dari prinsip fives of credit tersebut bank dapat memberikan edukasi berupa pemahaman kepada calon nasabah yang belum mengetahui bahwa saat mengajukan pembiayaan ijarah multijasa harus memiliki sikap yang jujur dan amanah sesuai dengan ajaran islam. Kemudian calon nasabah yang memiliki pembiayaan di bank lain dengan predikat macet maka, tidak diperkenankan untuk mengajukan pembiayaan di BPRS Mandiri Mitra Sukses. Selain itu, perpanjangan pembiayaan dapat dilakukan apabila nasabah tersebut telah melunasi angsuran sebelumnya dan memberikan pemahaman bahwa pemberian fasilitas pembiayaan didasarkan pada perhitungan realistis sesuai kebutuhan dan kapasitas nasabah.
THE CHARACTERS AND OBSTACLES OF ISLAMIC MODERATION PRACTICE
Authors: Bustomi Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This article can give explanation about Islamic moderation values as good way to make Indonesia which has the biggest Islam Follower in the world becomes trend setter of the world. This article come due to the danger of radicalism which stronger in 212 movement. For more specific it will be more docuse onto character and the obstacle in practice. This research is library research and Data collected method uses deskriptiv-interpretation. Data consist of primer data and secondary data. The result of this research show first, Character of Islamic Moderation consist of six character: Base on divinity (Rububiyah), Base on prophetic guidance, Compatible with human fitrah, Without conflict, Consistent, Universal and comprehensive. Second, Obstacles of moderation practice (Islam Washatiyyah) consist of Foolishness, Fanaticism of faction (Ta’asub) snd Exaggeration.

Keyword: Moderation Practice, moderate character, religious moderation obstacle.

                                                        

 

Abstrak: Artikel ni memberikan penjelasan tentang nilai-nilai moderasi Islam sebagai jalan terbaik untuk membuat Indonesia yang memiliki pemeluk agama Islam terbesar di dunia menjadi pusat perhatian dunia. Tulisan ini hadir dikarenakan bahaya radikalisme yang semakin menguat pasca Gerakan demonstrasi 212. Lebih spesifik lagi akan menjadi lebih difokuskan terhadap karakteristik moderasi islam dan hambatan-hambatan moderasi Islam dalam praksisnya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan dan metode pengumpulan datanya adalah interpretasi deskriptif. Data terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertama, Karakter moderasi islam terdiri dari enam karakter, yaitu Berasaskan Ketuhanan (Rububiyah), Berlandaskan petunjuk kenabian, kompatibel dengan fitrah manusia, terhindar dari pertentangan, konsisten, bermuatan universal dan komprehensip. Kedua, hambatan dari praktik moderasi (Islam Washatiyyah) adalahKebodohan, fanatisme golongan, sikap berlebih-lebihan.
Why Mature Galaxies Seem to Have Filled the Universe Shortly After the Big Bang — A New Cosmological Model, that Predicted the JWST Observations
Authors: Pletcher Arthur
Published: January 2024

Recent observations from the first dataset, provided by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) of six massive galaxies, at a time in the early universe, seem to defy conventional cosmological models, as they appear to be as mature and developed as our own local group. Such unexpected discoveries JUSTIFY A RADICALLY NOVEL MODEL OF COSMOLOGY. TO QUOTE JOEL LEJA, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS AT PENN STATE ''IT TURNS OUT WE FOUND SOMETHING SO UNEXPECTED IT ACTUALLY CREATES PROBLEMS FOR SCIENCE. IT CALLS THE WHOLE PICTURE OF EARLY GALAXY FORMATION INTO QUESTION''. This article provides an alternative mathematical model of cosmological redshifting (\(z\)), which actually predicted such mature galaxies in a 2022 preprint, prior to these recent observations. As well, this model also predicts discrepancies between theoretical and observed galaxy rotation curves with apparent increased energy density.

The Azimuthal Projection Model of the Universe is conceptualized as an \(\mathbb{R}^5\) spacetime, with a four spatial dimensional hypersphere azimuthally projected onto a three-dimensional spatial sphere. This simple parsimonious model requires only a few assumptions, excluding dark energy to satisfy the Cosmological Constant \(\Lambda\), and is shown to match the Universal expansion rate, as established from supernova cosmology survey points. This novel model conceives the universe as a higher dimensional dynamic with spacetime as a projection, rather than as an arrow from the absolute beginning of the Big Bang. Redshifting is alternatively proposed as azimuthal angular projections of wavelengths \(\lambda\). Accelerated Universal Expansion is alternatively proposed as azimuthal projections of meridians, asymptotical to a horizon, and Lambert's cosine law of luminous intensity.

A radical implication of this model is that azimuthal angular projections are positional dependent, and thus it's conceivable that apparent distances between galaxies vary with the location of the observer (see figure 4). Supportive mathematical evidence is described from the Hubble Tension; Discrepancies between visible spectra redshifting of cepheid variables (the most recent calculation is \(Ho=74.03 \pm 1.42km/sec/Mpc\)), and from temperature fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) (which are calculated to be \(Ho=68.7 \pm 1.3km/sec/Mpc\)), which resolves the discrepancy by recalibrating redshift data from supernova Cosmology survey points.
Explaining a Collective False Alarm: Context and Cognition in the Oxford Street Crowd Flight Incident
Authors: Barr Dermot , Drury John , Bell Linda , Devynck Nils , Gayretli Çağla , Lalli Simran , Linfield Harry
Published: January 2024

Collective false alarms can cause significant disruption, costly emergency response, and distress. Yet an adequate psychological explanation for these incidents is lacking. We interviewed 39 participants and analysed multiple secondary data-sources from the 2017 false alarm in Oxford Street, UK, to develop a new explanation of this phenomenon. There was evidence that awareness of recent collectively self-relevant terrorist attacks lowered the threshold for interpreting ambiguous signals as signs of hostile threat. Interviewees also fled and hid after inferring threat from others’ fear and flight responses. Cooperative behaviour was sporadic and was associated with an emergent sense of groupness that occurred in limited locations. The analysis suggests that crowd behaviour in even the most dramatic false alarms has more in common with that in real emergencies than with the image of mass panic portrayed in the news media. This analysis has implications for policy in preparing the public for terrorist attacks.
Bent Functions and Strongly Regular Graphs
Authors: Smaldore Valentino
Published: January 2024

The family of bent functions is a known class of Boolean functions, which have a great importance in cryptography. The Cayley graph defined on \(\mathbb{Z}_{2}^{n}\) by the support of a bent function is a strongly regular graph \(srg(v,k,\lambda,\mu)\), with \(\lambda=\mu\). In this note we list the parameters of such Cayley graphs. Moreover, it is given a condition on \((n,m)\)-bent functions \(F=(f_1,\ldots,f_m)\), involving the support of their components \(f_i\), and their \(n\)-ary symmetric differences.
Economics of Cattle Fattening: The Case of Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdush Jakia , Hossain Mohammad Ismail , Sarma Paresh Kumarr , Hasan Md. Mehedi , Khatun Rumana , Sadrul Sadia Binte , Rahman Md. Hafizur , Touhid Mohammad Nizamul Hoque , Islam Saiful
Published: January 2024

In Bangladesh, more than 90% of people are Muslim. During Eid-Ul-Azha, around 4.58 million cattle are slaughtered—almost half of the yearly total of 10.04 million cattle slaughtered. Thus, the demand for beef cattle is particularly high during Eid, and as a result raising and fattening of cattle is a popular trade. The present study was conducted to investigate cattle fattening profitability and its marketing. The data were collected through structured interviews with 90 farmers, 15 beparies, and 15 meat sellers. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were applied to determine the factors that affect profitability. According to the analysis, about 53% of farmers fattened cattle during the whole year, while 47% of farmers fattened cattle only before Eid-Ul-Azha. The average benefit-cost ratio was estimated to be 1.25, which implies that beef cattle fattening is a profitable enterprise. The coefficients of the variables of treatment cost, feeding cost, and labour cost were significant at the 1% level, indicating a positive association with profitability. The average net return for beparies was BDT 1,964, and the average net return of meat sellers was BDT 1,944. The predominant marketing channels were identified as (i) farmer–bepari–meat-seller–consumer and (ii) farmer–bepari–consumer. However, the preferable channel was farmer-consumer because this channel enabled farmers to maximise profit. Marketing efficiency was also the highest in this channel.

We recommend the provision of appropriate education and training as well as improved access and availability of market information to reduce the challenges of establishing sustainable cattle fattening practices in Bangladesh.
Successful Awake Caudal Anesthesia for Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia Repair in an Ex-Premature Baby at 8 Weeks of Age.
Authors: Kyurkchyan Nerses , Masse Fabien , Kharatyan Vahe , Kyurkchyan Khachatur
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Caudal anesthesia is a standard procedure in pediatric anesthesia because of its excellent safety and success rate. Usually, it is administered after general anesthesia, but in selected neonatal populations, awake caudal anesthesia is a method of choice.

Prematurely born, low birth weight neonates are more prone to complications from general anesthesia than term neonates, even after simple surgery. Among these complications, post-operative apnea is the most common.

Caudal epidural anesthesia in awake neonates is a recognized technique that enables the avoidance of general anesthesia and the complications associated with it. In skilled hands, it is also theoretically easier to perform consistent caudal anesthesia than an awake subarachnoid block. In our case, we report a successful awake caudal anesthesia in an ex-premature baby in the emergency setting for incarcerated inguinal hernia repair.

To our knowledge, this case report on this topic has yet to be published in Armenia.

Conclusion: Neuraxial (spinal, epidural, caudal) awake anesthesia is the method of choice for lower abdominal surgery in preterm infants. Both spinal and caudal anesthesia are effective methods; awake caudal anesthesia is a method of choice because of the success rate and lower analgesic requirements in the post-operative period.
Comparison of postoperative complications using Harmonic scalpel and LigaSure in thyroid surgery
Authors: Mulita Francesk , Liolis Elias , Tchabashvili Levan , Tasios Konstantinos , Papanikos Vasileios , Tsilivigkos Christos , Antzoulas Andreas , Verras Georgios-Ioannis
Published: January 2024

Background: Thyroid surgery is the most common operation in the field of endocrine surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the use of LigaSure vessel (LS) and Harmonic scalpel (HS) in 1599 total thyroid surgeries between January 2008 and December of 2022, with regards of analysis of surgical complications, duration of hospital stay and operative surgical time.

Methods: In this retrospective study patients have been categorized into two groups: Group A included 718 patients from January 2008 to May 2013 when LigaSure vessel was used, and the Group B included 881 patients from June 2013 to December 2022 when Harmonic scalpel was used. A summary of the total number of postoperative complications cases, surgical time and the duration of hospital stay between the two groups is presented.

Results: There was no significant difference in the sex, age, and mean operating time between the two groups (P>0.05). Either major bleeding or wound infection occurred in 4 (0.6%) or 14 (1.9%) of the patients undergoing thyroidectomy when LS was used compared to 4 (0.5%) or 15 (1.7%) of the patients undergoing thyroid surgery when HS was used (P> 0.05 and P> 0.05, respectively). In addition, either hypoparathyroidism or temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was observed in 91 (12.7%) or 39 (5.4%) of the Group A patients compared with 98 (11.1%) or 44 (5%) of the Group B patients (P> 0.05 and P> 0.05, respectively).

Conclusion:  The current study demonstrates that thyroidectomy can be safely performed with both devices without increasing the risk of complications.
The Lacing Dermatotraction Suturing Technique
Authors: Venkataramana Ashwath V.H. , Byadigere Manjunath , Razack Abdul , Ranganath Harindranath , Saniya Aeiman , Arish Hussain , Pattar Suraj
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Hailing from a tertiary government-aided center, infected surgical wounds varying from diabetic foot and necrotizing fasciitis to surgical site infection are by far the most common cluster of cases encountered in our practice. Due to an overall lack of patient education on wounds, most of these patients present late, necessitating extensive debridement and tissue loss.

Aim and Objective: To describe the lacing dermatotraction technique and to study its application in aiding early secondary closure of infected surgical wounds.

Material and Methods: An interventional Study was conducted at VICTORIA Hospital, Bangalore, from February 2020 to October 2021. Fifty-four patients with Infected wounds were debrided until healthy margins were obtained, followed by applying the shoelace tension lacing suture. This consisted of an infant feeding tube running under loops of prolene fixed 1 cm away from the edge of the wound. One end of the IFT is anchored to the skin, and the other is held in position with single throws of no-1 silk suture, which can be loosened at the next sitting for adequate wound exposure, which aids in better debridement. The tension suture is again tightened to attain the maximal possible wound approximation.   Thus, constant traction on the skin edges creates progressive closure until secondary closure is achieved.

Results: 54 Patients were enrolled, consisting of 8 amputation stump infections, 11 diabetic foot, 14 disarticulations, five bed sore, 12 fasciotomies, three mastectomy flap necrosis, and one traumatic avulsion. There were 38 males and 16 females, with a mean age of 53.4 years. The mean duration of the wound at presentation was 17 days, and they were subjected to an average of 11 days of debridement. Mean wound dimensions - length= 11.02cm, breadth=4.86cm and area = 53.55 cm2. On applying the lacing, the wounds were debrided for an average of 8.85 days with 2.9 tightening. Secondary closure was achieved in 45 (83.33%) patients,.

Conclusion: The lacing technique is inexpensive and safe to achieve early secondary closure of infected wounds. It avoids the need for skin grafts, reducing the need for anesthesia, hospital expenditure, and duration of hospital stay of patients.
Management of Perforated Sigmoid Diverticulitis with Associated Retroperitoneal Abscess and Generalized Peritonitis
Authors: Haxhirexha Kastriot , Ademi Aferdita , Dogjani Agron , Alili Roland , Dika – Haxhirexha Ferizat , Fejzuli Blerim , Emini – Rushiti Teuta
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Diverticulitis represents a relatively common pathology within the gastrointestinal tract. While diverticula can occur throughout the digestive system, their prevalence is notably higher in the left colon, particularly in the sigmoid region. This condition predominantly affects middle-aged and elderly males. The most effective diagnostic methods for this disease are colonoscopy and computed tomography (CT) with contrast. Although severe complications of diverticulitis are infrequent, the optimal classification of these complications has been described by Hinchey.

The article aims to show the case of a young patient with complicated diverticulitis with perforation and generalized peritonitis, classified as stage III-IV, according to Hinchey.

Case report: A 43-year-old female patient was urgently admitted to the General Surgery Clinic at Tetovo Clinical Hospital, presenting with severe generalized abdominal pain and signs of peritoneal irritation. Comprehensive diagnostic imaging revealed a large retroperitoneal abscess located above the psoas muscle, accompanied by a significant accumulation of free fluid, suspected to be pus, in the abdominal cavity. Following initial resuscitation, surgical intervention was undertaken. Intraoperative findings included advanced inflammatory changes in the sigmoid colon, characterized by thickened fibrotic walls and a partially constricted lumen. A large abscess was also identified in the retroperitoneal space between the spleen and left kidney. Given these findings, resectioning the distal descending colon and most of the sigmoid colon was considered necessary. The retroperitoneal abscess was incised, its contents aspirated, and a thorough cavity debridement was performed. Subsequently, the Hartmann procedure was executed. Postoperatively, due to the patient's deteriorating condition, she was transferred to the intensive care unit for continued treatment. The patient was discharged from the hospital in stable condition on the tenth day following the surgery.

Conclusion: While complications from sigmoid diverticula are uncommon, they can occasionally be extremely severe and pose a significant risk to patient survival.
Atrial Fibrillation following CABG Surgery. Our Experience with 100 Patients
Authors: Kuci Saimir , Ibrahimi Alfred , Goga Marsela , Hamiti Fation , Bejko Ervin , Llazo Stavri , Burimi Jonela , Bulku Esmerilda
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common complication of cardiac surgery, occurring in 10-40% of patients. Postoperative AF (POAF) refers to new-onset AF in a patient without a history of AF that occurs within the first four weeks after cardiac surgery. While POAF can be transient and without consequences, it may lead to severe complications, increasing mortality and morbidity in the postoperative period. Risk factors can be patient-related, intraoperative, and postoperative.

This study aimed to estimate the frequency of AF in patients after CABG combined with valvular replacement or not. Identification of patients vulnerable to arrhythmia will allow targeting of those most likely to benefit from prophylactic therapy. 

Material and Methods: The presented study is a prospective study of 100 patients undergoing elective CABG from February to April 2022 with a mean age of 66 ± 13 years, 30% women, undergoing CABG at the University Hospital Centre “Mother Teresa” Tirana, that developed POAF.

Results: Postoperative atrial fibrillation occurred in sixteen patients (16%) at a median of 3.7 days after cardiac surgery (2nd – 7th day). 94% (15) of POAF occurred in CABG only, and 6% (1) in the combined intervention (AVR et CABG).

Conclusion: AF is the most common complication after CABG. The occurrence is not dependent on the type of intervention (only CABG or combined with valve replacement), the number of vessels that underwent bypass grafting, or the type of vessel. Electrolytic imbalance should be assessed during the postoperative course of patients who undergo CABG.
Thatwir Wasilah Power Point Tafau’li Li Tarqiyati Qudratu At-Thalabah ‘Ala Maharatil Kalam
Authors: Rahmah Meutia , Sari Latifah , Rahmatunnisak
Published: January 2024

Purpose- This study aims to develop media interactive power point in improving speaking in Arabic lessons, determine the level of validity of media, and measure the level of effectiveness of the developed media.Design/Methodology/Approach- This study uses research and development methods based on the Dick and Carry model with special treatment from researchers. Sources of data from students, Arabic language studies teacher and expert validators were obtained throuhg observation, interviews, questionnaire and test. The data will then be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively simultaneously with interactive analysis. The subjects of this study were is eight-sixth grade which is also called language class, with a total of 33 samples.Findings Among the results of this study were the results of the small groups with a rate of 87% and large groups with a rate of 92%, and on material validation with a rate of 100% and on media validasi with a rate of 92%. Thus media developed based on interactive power point are effective in improving thills of students in Arabic lessons.Research Limitation/Implication- the formal finding of this research is a media development to make it easier for teachers to teach, based on interactive power point can improve Arabic speaking skills for students
Tahsin Maharat AlKalam Bi Altariqat Al Mubasyarah
Authors: Fuji Fuji Astuti , Alfisyahrina Khuzaimah , Nisak Rahmatun
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the steps of teaching Arabic speaking skills with direct methods and the efforts of the Arabic Language Education Study Program and lecturers in improving speaking skills with direct methods in the Arabic Language Education Study Program at the Langsa State Islamic Institute. The method used in this research is a case study method with a descriptive analysis approach, and to collect data, researchers use observation and interviews as research instruments. In analyzing the data, researchers chose to collect data, reduce data, present data, then draw conclusions. The data sources in this study are the head of the Arabic language education study program, lecturers teaching speaking skills courses and fifth semester students in the Arabic language education study program at the Langsa State Islamic Institute. The results showed that the Arabic Language Education Program, Langsa State Islamic Institute, has applied the direct method as the most important method in teaching speaking skills, and this learning takes place in three stages, namely the planning stage, the implementation stage, and finally the evaluation stage. In order to optimize the teaching of speaking skills with direct methods, the Arabic Language Education study program and lecturers make several efforts, the most important of which are: The Department of Arabic Language Education requires lecturers to speak Arabic in class, lecturers use more Arabic references in teaching, hold an Arabic language environment especially in class and office, and students will not be served except by speaking Arabic. thus the learning of speaking skills using direct methods can be optimized well.
Rail Flaw Imaging Prototype Based on Improved Ultrasonic Synthetic Aperture Focus Method
Authors: Huang Chengyang , Lanza di Scalea Francesco
Published: January 2024

This paper presents an experimental prototype developed for rail flaw imaging. This capability can help obtain quantitative information on detected flaws during manual flaw verification. Ultrasonic synthetic aperture focus (SAF) imaging has advantages over phased-array imaging for both speed and accuracy. The prototype developed is hosted in a portable and battery-powered carry-on size case. The probe is a linear ultrasonic array mounted on a wedge and with a position encoder to build 3D point clouds from 2D beamformed images. The prototype includes several advances over the basic SAF technique, including sparse subarray firing that allows fast imaging speeds (e.g., 25 Hz) without sacrificing image accuracy. Validation results are presented from scans performed on rail sections from the FRA rail defect library, which contains natural transverse defects and artificial end-drilled hole defects. The tests showed good accuracy in defect size and shape, as compared to the available ground truth information, for defects located away from the railhead corners. Additional developments are required to properly cover the head corners, and especially in the case of heavily worn rails.
Élet a buborékban, avagy magyarok az Európai Unió intézményeiben
Authors: Sztáray Kézdy Éva , Kovács Barna , Vincze Máté
Published: January 2024

Magyarország európai uniós csatlakozását követően Brüsszelben megjelent egy sajátos összetételű csoport, nevezetesen az EU intézményeiben hosszabb-rövidebb időre munkát vállaló magyarok és hozzátartozóik, akik az integrációnak egy igen sajátos útját járják.Cikkünkben egy online kérdőíves felmérés alapján arra a kérdésre keressük a választ, hogy alapvetően milyen a szociodemográfiai összetétele az Unió intézményeiben dolgozó magyar munkavállalói sokaságnak, mennyire integráltak új lakóhelyük társadalmába, továbbá milyen motivációk mentén vállaltak az EU-ban munkát, valamint milyen motivációk mentén tervezik a maradást vagy a hazatérést. Eredményeink adalékul szolgálhatnak a téma kutatói, a döntéshozók és a jövőben EU-s szolgálatba álló magyar munkavállalók számára az uniós intézményekben dolgozó magyarok helyzetének és összetételének megismeréséhez, motivációik, terveik megértéséhez.
Cooperation and Competition of RNA Secondary Structure and RNA–Protein Interactions in the Regulation of Alternative Splicing
Authors: Vorobeva M. A. , Skvortsov D. A. , Pervouchine D. D.
Published: January 2024

The regulation of alternative splicing in eukaryotic cells is carried out through the coordinated action of a large number of factors, including RNA-binding proteins and RNA structure. The RNA structure influences alternative splicing by blocking cis-regulatory elements, or bringing them closer or farther apart. In combination with RNA-binding proteins, it generates transcript conformations that help to achieve the necessary splicing outcome. However, the binding of regulatory proteins depends on RNA structure and, vice versa, the formation of RNA structure depends on the interaction with regulators. Therefore, RNA structure and RNA-binding proteins are inseparable components of common regulatory mechanisms. This review highlights examples of alternative splicing regulation by RNA-binding proteins, the regulation through local and long-range RNA structures, as well as how these elements work together, cooperate, and compete.
Penerapan Metode McCulloch-Pitts Menggunakan Python Untuk Pengujian Pengenalan Pola Operator AND, Operator OR, Operator XOR Pada Fungsi Logika
Authors: Sulthanah Rana , Ahmad Nazaruddin
Published: January 2024

Jaringan saraf tiruan (JST) adalah bagian dari kecerdasan buatan yang menerapkan konsep cara kerja jaringan saraf biologis pada manusia. Keunggulan utama JST terletak pada kemampuannya dalam mengenali pola tertentu, seperti pola notasi fungsi logika yang diuji dalam penelitian ini menggunakan cara kerja McCulloch-Pitts. Pengujian pengenalan pola fungsi logika, yang menggunakan operator AND, operator OR, dan dan operator XOR, melibatkan variabel input: nilai X1, X2, dan nilai input lainnya (Xn), serta nilai target (t) yang akan disesuaikan dengan bentuk tabel kebenaran dari masing-masing fungsi logika. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan adanya kesesuaian proses pengujian menggunakan konsep jaringan saraf tiruan dengan pola fungsi logika. Implementasi pengujian menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Python yang dapat menghasilkan kesesuaian bentuk pola dari fungsi logika. Proses pengujian dilakukan dengan menentukan nilai input untuk setiap variabel yang digunakan pada fungsi logika, memasukkan nilai bobot  (W) untuk setiap nilai input, menentukan nilai threshold (ambang batas) yang ditetapkan secara langsung sehingga mendapatkan hasil yang sesuai antara ouput dengan target.
SIAKAD UI/UX Design using the Design Thinking Method at the Indonesian Catholic University Santu Paulus Ruteng
Authors: Putri Devita Maulina
Published: January 2024

SIAM is a web-based academic information system application at Santu Paulus Ruteng Catholic University of Indonesia with the aim of providing academic-based information to students. Currently, SIAM has a problem with the declining number of visitors. This is because the view from SIAM is less attractive and less responsive to the mobile display of the web. So the purpose of the design of this information system to be able to provide services and a form of appearance that is attractive so that users often access. Troubleshooting is done by designing a dedicated user interface/user experience for mobile devices using the Design Thinking method. The test was carried out to 36 students at the Catholic University of Indonesia Santu Paulus Ruteng with usability testing using the System Usability Scale method. The test results were obtained that the prototype designed received a very good category (Acceptable) which means that the system can be accepted very well in terms of user interface/ user experience so that prototypes can be easily used first on a mobile display.
Middleware untuk Otomatisasi dan Sinkronisasi Digital Signage pada Aplikasi Xibo
Authors: Dade Claradisha Helenora , Kristanto Bagus Kristomoyo
Published: January 2024

Aplikasi digital signage Xibo adalah salah satu platform yang digunakan untuk mengelola dan menampilkan konten multimedia pada layar digital. Namun, kompleksitas alur kerja dalam penggunaan Xibo seringkali menjadi hambatan. Dalam rangka mengatasi tantangan ini, penelitian ini memberi solusi yaitu, Xibo Middleware, sebuah aplikasi perantara berbasis website yang dikembangkan menggunakan PHP dan framework CodeIgniter 3. Xibo Middleware bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah kompleksitas alur kerja dalam penggunaan Xibo. Fungsinya adalah sebagai jembatan antara pengguna dan Xibo API, dengan antarmuka yang lebih sederhana. Aplikasi ini dirancang untuk mempermudah manajemen konten hingga penjadwalan konten multimedia ke display dalam pengaplikasian digital signage. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah pada penyederhanaan dan pengoptimalan penggunaan Xibo dalam manajemen konten digital signage.
Sistem Pengelolaan Data Koperasi Mitra Rakyat Wlingi Menggunakan Prototype
Authors: Arsa Rafi Dani , Santi Indyah Hartami , Chulkamdi M Taofik
Published: January 2024

Koperasi Mitra Rakyat Wlingi masih menghadapi permasalahan dalam mengelola data nasabah. Permasalahan terjadi karena manajemen data terpecah menjadi dua media, yaitu Microsoft Excel dan buku yang mengakibatkan duplikasi data. Kesulitan muncul pada saat pencarian daftar nasabah yang melakukan transaksi ataupun sekedar membuat laporan bulanan yang dilakukan oleh petugas koperasi. Hal tersebut terjadi dikarenakan ketidaksinkronan penyimpanan data, sehingga juga mempengaruhi efisiensi pelayanan kepada nasabah. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka penulis membangun sistem yang terintegrasi kepada petugas koperasi yang sesuai dengan perannya agar dapat meminimalisir duplikasi data dan memberikan informasi akurat. Metode penelitian dengan jenis Research and Development (R&D) menggunakan Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) yang menerapkan pendekatan pengembangan dengan model prototype. aplikasi dibuat menggunakan framework bootstrap dengan berbasis website. Aplikasi diuji dengan metode black box yang berfokus mengevaluasi dan mengamati hasil input serta output dari aplikasi agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas manajemen koperasi dan citra pelayanan kepada para nasabah.
Optimasi Serangan Blind NoSQL Injection Dengan Pendekatan Algoritma Binary Search
Authors: Yusuf Roby Firnando , Sijabat Daniel Rudiaman
Published: January 2024

NoSQL Injection adalah salah satu jenis serangan pada Database Management System (DBMS) NoSQL. Serangan ini dapat dimaanfaatkan oleh attacker dengan cara mengirim request arbitrary code ke server database. Apabila server memberikan respon error query atau query tidak valid, attacker akan melakukan manipulasi pada query. Proses melakukan Blind NoSQL Injection itu cukup rumit. Akibatnya, Pentester seringkali membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk dapat memperoleh informasi dan menembus server database. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini akan memberikan solusi dengan mengembangkan tool untuk mengotomasi serangan Blind NoSQL Injection.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan tool exploit dapat meningkatkan kinerja dan efisiensi. Algoritma binary search memiliki keunggulan waktu yang lebih singkat pada parameter runtime dibandingkan linear search, sehingga binary search lebih efektif digunakan. Selain itu, pendekatan mitigasi dengan sanitasi dan validasi input pada setiap key object terbukti efektif dalam mencegah serangan NoSQL Injection.
Pengembangan Modul Pengelolaan Praktek Kerja Lapangan Pada Sistem Informasi Akademik Perguruan Tinggi (Studi Kasus : STIKI)
Authors: Purnomo Dedy Ari , Tektanto Nataniel David , Prasetyo Koko Wahyu , Hadi Hilman Nuril
Published: January 2024

Praktek kerja lapangan merupakan salah satu mata kuliah mandiri yang wajib diikuti oleh semua mahasiswa sebagai salah satu syarat kelulusan di STIKI. STIKI sendiri menawarkan 2 jenis program bagi para mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan mata kuliah ini, yaitu PPK dan PPM. Kedua program ini memliki proses pengajuan dan alur pengerjaan yang cukup berbeda satu sama lain, sehingga selama ini proses administrasi dilakukan secara terpisah meskipun berdiri dibawah satu mata kuliah yang sama. Masih ada permasalahan terkait praktek kerja lapangan yakni bimbingan pada masing-masing program tidak dapat dilakukan secara optimal dikarenakan banyak faktor, sehingga dosen pembimbing seringkali tidak dapat mengevalusi hasil proyek mahasiswa secara optimal. Untuk menjawab kedua permasalahan tersebut, sistem informasi dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu solusi. Sistem wajib dapat mengelola pengajuan kedua program, mengelola bimbingan, serta mengelola proses dalam pengajuan seminar akhir dan penyelesaian proyek untuk masing-masing program. Karena STIKI belum memiliki sistem semacam ini, maka sistem ini diharapkan bisa memenuhi kebutuhan akan pengelolaan praktek kerja lapangan pada perguruan tinggi ini. Selanjutnya artikel ini menjelaskan hasil implementasi pengembangan modul dan menjelaskan hasil pengujian sesuai skenario yang telah ditentukan.
Analisis Pengujian Sistem Pengiriman Barang Menggunakan Black Box Testing
Authors: Kusuma Abdi Pandu , Rahmat Muhammad Faried , Rofiq Arta Ainur
Published: January 2024

Poultry Shop Blitar merupakan salah satu toko yang menyediakan pakan ternak untuk daerah kota blitar. Kegiatan utama pada bisnis ini adalah pendistribusian pakan ternak ke daerah sekitar kota blitar. Permasalahan mulai muncul ketika permintaan kebutuhan pengiriman pakan ternak semakin meningkat. Hal ini mendorong pihak toko untuk melakukan optimalisasi pengiriman dengan cara mencari rute terdekat. Pada penelitian ini , metode blackbox digunakan untuk melakukan pengujian optimasi pada aplikasi system pengiriman barang yang telah dibuat. Target penelitian ini adalah dengan menguji tampilan aplikasi sistem pengiriman barang menggunakan pengujian black box, kemudian menentukan keakurasian pengujian dari aplikasi yang telah dibangun. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, studi literatur dan dokumentasi sehingga diperoleh pengumpulan data secara efektif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai pengiriman barang di Poultry Shop.  Hasil pengujian pada beberapa tampilan aplikasi diperoleh prosentase tingkat akurasi pengujian akhir sebesar 62,5%, yang dihasilkan dari rerata hasil pengujian tampilan form utama pengiriman barang sebesar 75% dan tampilan form pengiriman barang tanggal 20 Mei sebesar 50%.
Komparasi Metode Case Based Reasoning dan Certainty Factor Kasus Penyakit Gigi Mulut
Authors: Atmojo Suryo , Utami Ruli , Dewi Suzana , Widhiyanta Nurwahyudi
Published: January 2024

Penyakit gigi dan mulut merupakan salah satu penyakit berdampak serius bagi kesehatan manusia secara umum, karena gigi dan mulut menjadi awal masuknya kuman dan bakteri. Banyak masyarakat meremehkan penyakit ini sehingga pengobatan dilakukan saat kondisi sudah parah, Kesehatan gigi dan mulut juga memengaruhi kesehatan secara keseluruhan. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memeriksa gigi dan mulut secara teratur. Metode Certainty Factor dan Case Based Reasoning yang digunakan sebagai mendiagnosa penyakit gigi dan mulut berbasis website, penelitian ini akan dibuat sebuah sistem pakar penyakit gigi dan mulut berbasis website dengan menggunakan Laravel larapicker sebagai dasar CRUD Builder, sehingga memudahkan input data. Selain itu, penerapan kedua metode pada website ini bertujuan sebagai memudahkan pengguna menjalankan diagnosa penyakit gigi dan mulut. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa penyakit gigi dan mulut diklasifikasikan menjadi dua puluh jenis dengan sembilan puluh gejala, dan masing-masing kedua metode tersebut mempunyai tingkat kecepatan dan ketepatan yang berbeda. Namun setiap metode juga memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing, hasil diagnosa metode Certainty Factor lebih cepat 0,20 sampai 0,30 detik memberikan hasil diagnosa dibandingkan dengan metode Case Based Reasoning dan metode Certainty Factor juga memiliki hasil keakurasian lebih unggul 84% sedangkan metode Case Based Reasoning menghasilkan keakurasian 51%.
Otomatisasi Pemberi Pakan Kura-Kura Menggunakan Fuzzy Logic Dan Base64 User Password Security Berbasis Esp8266
Authors: Asamukti Muhammad Naufal , Andryana Septi , Sholihati Ira Diana
Published: January 2024

Saat ini sistem otomatisasi sudah banyak di implementasikan dalam berbagai bidang, salah satunya bidang peternakan. Banyak nya penghobi yang ingin memelihara kura-kura, baik untuk dirawat maupun untuk bisnis. Hal tersebut cukup sulit untuk sekarang ini disibukkan dengan urusan yang mengharuskan keluar rumah. Oleh sebab itu pemilik harus memiliki banyak waktu luang untuk merawat kura-kura. Pada kenyataanya memelihara kurakura juga tidaklah mudah, ada banyak kendala yang dihadapi. Salah satunya memberi pakan secara manual dengan cara masih menggunakan tenaga manusia, maka dari itu tujuan dalam penelitian ini dibuat alat pakan otomatis untuk  memudahkan para pemelihara kura-kura memberi pakan secara otomatis dengan set waktu yang bisa ditentukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan ESP8266 sebagai platform perangkat keras untuk terhubung ke jaringan Wi-Fi. Dalam penelitian ini memonitoring pakan melalui web dan terhubung ke alat yang akan dibuat, penulis mengintegrasikan  sensor ultrasonic untuk  pengujian berdasarkan persentase sisa pakan yang keluar, dengan metode yang dipakai yaitu Fuzzy Logic untuk menghitung hasil  jumlah persentase sisa pakan yang keluar. Dengan menggunakan sensor ultrasonic penelitian ini sudah berhasil dilakukan  sesuai dari tujuan utama penelitian, hasil dari pengujian ini sudah dilakukan dan mendapatkan hasil yang diinginkan penulis yaitu  yaitu 100, dapat diartikan jika kapasitas pakan sebesar 8cm pada waktu siang hari maka servo akan terbuka sesuai dengan action yang diberikan, dan dapat disimpulkan penelitian ini sudah berhasil.
Analisis Sentimen Masyarakat Mengenai RUU Perampasan Aset Di Twitter Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes
Authors: Nugroho Kivandi , Hasan Firman Noor
Published: January 2024

Perkembangan dunia semakin berkembang terlebih dalam media sosial, salah satunya adalah Twitter. Twitter sendiri merupakan media sosial yang dapat diakses oleh berbagai kalangan untuk berkomunikasi, selain itu terdapat berbagai macam opini masyarakat yang cukup variatif. Pengumpulan data dari Twitter ini dapat digunakan untuk melakukan analisis sentimen supaya mengetahui opini masyarakat. Penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti adalah analisis sentimen masyarakat mengenai RUU Perampasan Aset yang tak kunjung disahkan. Dalam penelitian ini dimulai dari pengambilan data, processing, Implementasi Data dan evaluasi menggunakan tools rapidminer. Dalam proses pengambilan data peneliti menggunakan kata kunci “RUU Perampasan Aset” data yang berhasil di proleh sebanyak 413, yang kemudian di olah di tahapan Preprocessing sehingga nantinya dapat di analisis menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes dalam proses ini didapati data sebanyak 179. Hasil yang didapati berupa analisis positif dan negatif mengenai RUU Perampasan Aset, diperoleh hasil sebanyak 131 atau 73% komentar positif dan hanya 48 atau 27% komentar negatif. Untuk class precision positif 90%, dan class recall sebesar 55%, sedangkan untuk class precision negatif 42%, dan class recall sebesar 85%, dengan accuracy diperoleh sebesar 63%.
Mobile-Based Defense Equipment Recognition Application Using Augmented Reality (AR)
Authors: Sofian Ridwan Dwi , Busono Suhendro , Rahmawati Yunianita
Published: January 2024

Indonesia as a sovereign state has made significant progress in increasing its capacity for defense. Since then, Indonesia has continued to work together to increase the capacity of defense equipment as the main support of the Indonesian National Army. In this strategic position, Indonesia has open sea and land borders with several neighboring countries. This makes Indonesia vulnerable to security threats resulting in national instability. This research aims to develop a Mobile-Based Defense Equipment Recognition Application using Augmented Reality (AR) which is able to recognition defense equipment models in the field of education, which is used as a means of learning media, so that people who don't know about defense equipment in AR form can find out. With the ability to scan objects in three dimensions, so that they can explore the introduction of defense equipment digitally through applications and can increase knowledge.