bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metal Surface Defect Detection Based on Metal-YOLOX
Authors: Yue Xiaoli , Chen Jiandong , Zhong Guoqiang
Published: December 2023

Article
Metal Surface Defect Detection Based on Metal-YOLOX

Xiaoli Yue , Jiandong Chen , and Guoqiang Zhong *

1 College of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China
* Correspondence: gqzhong@ouc.edu.cn
 
 
Received: 14 June 2023
Accepted: 13 September 2023
Published: 21 December 2023
 

Abstract: Due to the limitations of manufacture technologies, working environments and other conditions, metals (such as steel and aluminum) are susceptible to surface defects during the production process. Therefore, defect detection is an indispensable part of metal manufacturing. This paper innovatively proposes a one-stage defect detection model named Metal-YOLOX. Metal-YOLOX addresses the limitations in existing models posed by large variances in defect features and inadequate balance between detection accuracy and efficiency. Firstly, the composite convolution module of Metal-YOLOX integrates texture, dilated and deformable convolutions to filter out irrelevant features and extract effective feature information. Secondly, the feature cross-fusion module (HCNet) alleviates the problem of large dimensional differences in defects. HCNet uses skip connections to establish the connection between the original multi-scale features and the output nodes, and reduces the addition of redundant information. Thirdly, Metal-YOLOX adopts the deep separable convolution and global channel reduction. This lightweight design helps reduce computational complexity. Finally, detailed experiments demonstrate that, in terms of mean average precision, Metal-YOLOX achieves 79.83, 69.14, and 81.22 on the NEU-DET, GC-10 and Aluminum datasets, respectively. Furthermore, Metal-YOLOX dramatically reduces parameter number and computational complexity. The experiments validate that the Metal-YOLOX model improves the detection performance, maintains the detection speed, and meets the real-time requirements.
Enhancing project management in sanitation infrastructure: applying Scrum in the construction of a sewage pumping station
Authors: De Castro Bruno Vilas Boas , De Freitas Cláudia Regina , Luche José Roberto Dale
Published: December 2023

Over the years, increasing population growth and industrialization, coupled with inadequate urban planning, have led to rapid and disorganized city expansion. This expansion has resulted in significant social and environmental impacts. In this context, this paper presents a case study conducted at a basic sanitation company. The study aimed to monitor the impacts of implementing Scrum, an agile development methodology, in constructing a new Sewage Pumping Station (SPS) in Guaratinguetá, São Paulo State. The concepts, benefits, and challenges of applying this methodology to projects involving the collection and transport of untreated effluents were discussed. Notable improvements were identified with the use of Scrum in the construction of the SPS, which also complied with environmental laws and protected the ecosystem by reducing the discharge of untreated waste into the soil and water basins. The results indicated an increase in team productivity, with teams demonstrating motivation, commitment, and integration in task execution throughout the process.
Reflexões sobre a gestão dos aprendizados em turmas de alfabetização: uma proposta de instrumento com rubricas
Authors: Rocha Gladys , Martins Raquel Fontes
Published: December 2023

Este texto, de caráter exploratório, propõe um instrumento com rubricas de avaliação que evidenciam aspectos relacionados à prática do alfabetizador, com foco na gestão dos aprendizados, considerando conhecimentos, habilidades e estratégias indicados pelas pesquisas sobre práticas de ensino bem-sucedidas (Gauthier et al., 2013) e, também, conhecimentos considerados fundamentais para o ensino da palavra escrita em sala de aula (Morais, 2019; Soares, 2020; Rocha e Marins, 2014). O propósito deste estudo é, sem perder de vista a complexidade do ensino ou desconsiderar o conjunto de fatores extraescolares intervenientes, delinear o olhar sobre práticas alfabetizadoras, colocando o foco no ensino e na ação docente em sala de aula.
Levantamento amostral do uso e ocupação do solo das propriedades rurais de Medianeira
Authors: Hallal Renato , Sandmann André , Horonzi Adirlene Aparecida Moura , De Lima Vera Lucia Antunes , Bogoni Rosangela Marcilio , Hellmann Liliane , Dos Santos José Airton Azevedo , Tones Aline Raquel Muller
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo central o levantamento e avaliação de dados de propriedades rurais do município de Medianeira, com vistas a obtenção de conhecimento da distribuição de atividades agrícolas utilizadas no uso e ocupação do solo desse município. Os gestores precisam fundamentar as tomadas de decisões com informações precisas e de qualidade, para uma boa prática de gestão. O Código Florestal Brasileiro indica um mínimo de 20% de área florestal, dentre reserva legal, preservação permanente e vegetação remanescente nativa. Na amostragem consideraram-se 66 propriedades em sorteio aleatório diretamente da base de dados do INCRA. Posteriormente ao levantamento realizou-se uma análise estatística dos resultados e a elaboração de um Daschboard em excel, o que facilita a visualização dos resultados, os quais dentro da ferramenta podem facilmente ser elencados por linhas para saber as áreas amostradas e as atividades existentes nas propriedades. A atividade principal foi a produção de grãos e a média de área de reserva florestal foi de 15%; tendo sido, dessa forma, inferior ao mínimo solicitado pela legislação. Os dados obtidos podem indicar que alguns produtores terão que se adequar em um futuro próximo, plantando mais árvores. O levantamento do uso e ocupação do solo das propriedades rurais é fundamental para uma gestão pública mais eficaz, seja para planejamento territorial, gestão ambiental, monitoramento agrícola ou tomada de decisões relacionadas ao desenvolvimento rural.
Il trattamento dei dati biometrici nel quadro della strategia europea dei dati, fra rischi di mass surveillance e tutela dei diritti fondamentali
Authors: Mollo Francesca
Published: December 2023

The contribution reconstructs the theme of mass surveillance, intertwined with the protection of personal data. It starts to investigate the criticality profiles connected to the treatment of some specific categories of data, in particular biometric data, the treatment of which –systematically and on a large scale – is likely to define new surveillance models.

Under these profiles, the article analyzes the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and Court of Justice.
Back to the Future. The Aftermath of Poland’s 2023 Parliamentary Election
Authors: Podemski Piotr
Published: December 2023

On 15th October 2023 Polish voters decided to put an end to the 8-year period of the Law and Justice Party in power, widely seen as “authoritarian populism”. The paper analyses the electoral programmes of the major contenders (Law and Justice, Civic Coalition, Third Way, New Left and Confederation) as well as a variety of election-related statistics (e.g. by voters’ age, education, occupation and residence) revealing a more complex image of the Polish society and its political preferences in 2023. The author argues that due to remarkable ideological and socio-cultural polarization contemporary Poland remains “a house divided” or even “two nations [with] no sympathy [for each other]”. Even if Poland has now chosen a path back to the future, the new pro-EU liberal government will face a number of identifiable challenges.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF METHYLPREDNISOLONE AND DEXAMETHASONE IN INTENSIVE CARE PATIENTS WITH SEVERE COVID-19: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM PAKISTAN
Authors: HASHMI MS , NAEEM H , HUSSAIN A , ZAFAR GM , RAO MA , JEHANGIR HMS , KHOKHAR HS , ZAHOOR S
Published: December 2023

The study aimed to determine the comparative efficacy of dexamethasone and methylprednisolone in treating severely ill COVID-19 patients in terms of mortality. Using a quasi-experimental design, the study was conducted at Mayo Hospital, Lahore, from May 2021 to October 2021. A total of 148 patients, divided into two groups of 74 each (groups A and B), were included in the study. Group A was given 6mg of dexamethasone, while group B was given methylprednisolone 40mg twice daily for 10 days. All the collected data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0, and Chi-square was used to find the mortality association between the two groups. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. The results showed that the age and gender distribution for the methylprednisolone and dexamethasone groups were 56.89±13.3 (M=36, F=38) and 57.69±12.6 (M=38, F=36), respectively. In terms of mortality, 45 patients died in the methylprednisolone group, while 54 people died in the dexamethasone group. There was statistical significance regarding mortality in both groups (p=0.003). In conclusion, the study found that administering 40mg of methylprednisolone twice daily produced better outcomes than 6mg of dexamethasone once daily in treating severe COVID-19 patients in the hospital.
The criminal procedural nature of the status and the creation of an investigation team
Authors: Кулев А.Г.
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена уголовно-процессуальной природе следственной группы. На основе присущих следственной группе признаков производится ее разграничение с иными формами коллективного осуществления предварительного расследования: следственно-оперативной (дежурной, целевой, специализированной, совместной) и криминалистической группой. Особое внимание уделяется основаниям создания, субъектному составу следственной группы, требованиям ознакомления участников уголовного судопроизводства с данным составом. Обосновывается идея о том, что в уголовно-процессуальном законе должны быть закреплены нормы, регулирующие статус руководителя следственной группы, вопросы его взаимодействия с руководителем следственного органа, со следователями – членами следственной группы.

The article is devoted to the criminal procedural nature of the investigation group. On the basis of the characteristics inherent in the investigative group, it is distinguished from other forms of collective implementation of the preliminary investigation: investigative-operational (duty, target, specialized, joint) and forensic group. Particular attention is paid to the grounds for the creation, the subject composition of the investigation team, the requirements for familiarizing the participants in criminal proceedings with this composition. The idea is substantiated that the criminal procedure law should contain the norms regulating the status of the head of the investigation team, the issues of his interaction with the head of the investigation body, with investigators – members of the investigation team.
Study of monetary tickets made on the basis of polymeric substrates
Authors: Купин А.Ф. , Осташев А.А.
Published: December 2023

В статье рассмотрены денежные билеты, изготавливаемые на основе применения полимерных субстратов, как один из видов защищенной полиграфической продукции. Рассмотрены такие термины, как «субстрат», «подложка», «полимер» и «пластик», используемые в русском и английском языках применительно к изучаемой проблематике. Описаны некоторые группы полимерных композиций, которые могут применяться для изготовления таких денежных билетов, в частности, описан субстрат Guardian®, процесс изготовления, характеристики и его особенности в печати банкнот. Особое внимание уделено признакам, которые характерны для определенных полимерных составов, на примере полимерных денежных знаков Российской Федерации и других стран. Отдельно выделены элементы защиты, которые используются для предотвращения подделки таких денежных билетов, а также осуществлен сравнительный анализ отдельных элементов защиты, встречающихся в денежных билетах, изготовленных на полимерной и бумажной основе. По итогу работы составлен алгоритм действий, которые могут выполняться в процессе осмотра денежных билетов и их последующего криминалистического исследования с целью определения признаков технической подделки и установления факта подлинности данных.

The article presents a study of money tickets made on the basis of polymer substrates as one of the types of protected polygraphic products. Such terms as “substrate”, “substrate”, “polymer” and “plastic” in Russian and English as applied to the problem under study are considered. Some groups of polymer compositions that can be used for making such banknotes are described, in particular Guardian® substrate, its manufacturing process, characteristics and specific features in banknote printing. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of certain polymer compositions by the example of polymer banknotes of the Russian Federation and other countries. The security elements that are used to prevent the counterfeiting of such banknotes were singled out and the comparative analysis of separate security elements, occurring in the banknotes made on the polymeric and paper base, was made. As a result, an algorithm of actions that can be performed during the examination of banknotes and their subsequent forensic examination in order to determine the signs of technical counterfeiting and to establish the fact of data authenticity was compiled.
The concept and classification of non-standard objects of forensic handwriting expertise
Authors: Устинов В.В.
Published: December 2023

Среди объектов судебной почерковедческой экспертизы теория и практика выделяют 3 группы: тексты различного объема, краткие записи и подписи. Вместе с тем все чаще встречаются объекты, которые по своему содержанию относятся к вышеназванным группам, однако по способу выполнения серьезным образом отличаются: копии, цифровые копии, подписи и записи на стенах, асфальте и т. д. Такие объекты принято считать нестандартными, методика их исследования имеет существенные особенности, что и определило актуальность настоящей научной статьи.

Among the objects of forensic handwriting expertise, theory and practice distinguish three groups: texts of various volumes, brief notes and signatures. At the same time, there are more and more objects that belong to the above-mentioned groups in their content, but differ significantly in the method of execution: copies, digital copies, signatures and records on walls, asphalt, etc. Such objects are considered non-standard; the methodology of their research has significant features, which determined the relevance of this scientific article.
THE EFFECTS OF L-ASCORBIC ACID ON ISONIAZID-INDUCED PROTEIN OXIDATION AND HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS
Authors: Genç Habibe , Dümür Şeyma , Ergül Yakup , Elgörmüş Yusuf , Uzun Hafize
Published: December 2023

İzoniazid (INH) hepatotoksik bir ilaçtır. Oksidatif stres, INH kaynaklı hepatotoksisitenin mekanizmalarından biri olarak rapor edilmiştir. Çalışmada amacımız,
sıçanlarda INH kaynaklı hepatotoksisitede askorbik asid (AA)’in koruyucu rolü ve dozunun yanı sıra plazma ve karaciğer proteinlerinin redoks durumunu
değerlendirmekti. Sıçanların karaciğer ve plazmalarında protein karbonil (PCO), total tiol (T-SH) seviyeleri ve paraoksonaz-1 (PON-1) aktivitesi gibi protein
oksidasyon parametreleri belirlendi. Sıçanlar rastgele dört gruba ayrıldı: (1) kontrol; (2) INH (50mg/kg/gün); (3) INH (50mg/kg/gün) + AA (100 mg/kg/gün);
ve (4) INH + AA (1000 mg/kg/gün). INH uygulaması, plazma ve hepatik PCO düzeylerinde anormal yükselme ile sonuçlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda, plazma ve
hepatik T-SH seviyeleri ve PON1 aktivitesi önemli ölçüde azaldı. AA (100 mg/kg/gün) dozu takviyesi, proteinlerin redoks durumundaki ve INH uygulamasından
sonra PON1 aktivitelerindeki bu anormallikleri kısmen geri döndürdü. Oksidatif stresteki değişiklikler muhtemelen sıçanlarda INH kaynaklı hepatoksisitenin
patogenezinde yer almaktadır.
Advances in Diagnosis and Management of Lateral Ankle Instability: A Review of Current Literature
Authors: Aiyer Amiethab , Murali Sudarsan , Kadakia Anish R.
Published: December 2023

Lateral ankle sprains and instability are an increasingly identified pain point for patients, accounting for 20 to 25% of musculoskeletal injuries. Lateral ankle injuries are especially concerning given the propensity for patients to develop chronic lateral ankle instability and for the high risk of reinjury on an unstable ankle. With the complex articulation of the tibiofibular syndesmosis, subtalar, and talocrural joints, pinpointing ankle dysfunction remains difficult. Multiple reviews have evaluated management and diagnosis of lateral ankle instability, but with newer treatment options available, a more comprehensive assessment of the current literature was conducted. Although multiple surgical options exist, many nonsurgical functional options have also been developed for patients that may help patients prevent the development of chronic lateral ankle instability. In recent times, many new options have come up, including in-office needle arthroscopy and continual advancements in diagnosis and our understanding of this difficult topic. Multiple reviews have evaluated the management and diagnosis of lateral ankle instability, but with newer treatment options available, a more comprehensive assessment of the current literature was conducted. Given this, this review will help to highlight new diagnostic and nonsurgical therapeutic options for the management of lateral ankle instability.
Հայ տպագիր ժառանգության հետքերով
Authors: Գրիգորյան Մայա
Published: December 2023

A large part of the Armenian printed heritage has been presserved outside the borders of Armenia, in the libraries of various countries around the world or in the personal collections of individuals. Finding and preserving this printed heritage is considered a priority today. The purpose of this research is to emphasize the importance of organizing work in this direction, to present the main problems that arise during the search and research work, and if possible, to organize the return of this heritage to the homeland. In order to protect the Armenian printed heritage abroad, it is necessary to conduct searches with traditional and online options, to list Armenian printed books and periodicals, if possible compile bibliographic lists, to study especially the private collections kept in various centers of the Diaspora, to organize the transfer of endangered collections to the Republic of Armenia, to resolve all legal and tax obstacles that arise during relocation. The discovery and preservation of Armenian print heritage in the Diaspora is possible only thanks to the joint efforts of individuals, various structures and of the state. We think it is necessary to develop a developed state policy, otherwise the work will not be systematic and purposeful.
Relationships Between Food Systems, Agricultural Practices, and Food Security Amidst Climate Change in Western Bhutan
Authors: Chapagai Purna P , Katel Om , Penjor Penjor
Published: December 2023

An estimated 80% of the global population, mostly poor and vulnerable farmers, are at risk of crop failure and hunger due to climate change. Food systems are the networks for organizing food production and distribution that make meals possible at the level of the consumer, however, the networks are varied. Agricultural practices are farming methods that are used to facilitate agriculture. An economic and social condition of ready access by all household members to nutritionally adequate and safe food will ensure food security. The intricate and interconnected relationship between food systems, food security, and agricultural practices amid climate change involves significant impacts on productivity, crop yields, and food resource availability, necessitating resilient and adaptable food systems to address challenges posed by climate-induced variations and ensuring overall sustainability. The study aims to assess the relationships between agricultural practices and food systems and their implication for food security in the changing climate in the three climatic zones of Gasa, Wangdue, and Punakha. Agricultural practices in Gasa, Punakha, and Wangdue districts (Dzongkhag) were compared and relationships were drawn. The sample for the study was 360 households stratified into three climatic zones (120 households in each zone), in five sub-districts (Gewog) having 12 villages (Chiwog) taking 30 randomly selected households from every village. Household-level data was collected using the survey method by administering the pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Agriculture productivity data and climate data for the last 23 years were gathered from the National Statistical Bureau (NSB) and the National Centre for Hydrology and Meteorology (NCHM) respectively. Food systems are fragile and present agricultural practices significantly impact food security. A systematic land leasing programme (SLLP), climate-smart agriculture mass land management for mechanized farming are recommendations from this study.
Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAMs) Among Diabetic Patients in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Almaqhawi Abdullah , Hayim Elham , Amer Fatima , Almuhanna Sukainah , Khteeb Nurah , Khwajah Shatha
Published: December 2023

Background: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is a popular practice among Saudis. CAM refers to drugs and medical procedures that doctors do not typically employ. Objective: The study’s goal was to determine the prevalence of CAM and the most prevalent form used among patients with diabetes in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Online questionnaires were employed between March to July 2023 to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, information about diabetes, knowledge and use of CAM, and the different types of herbal supplements used. Results: Of the 386 patients, 54.1% were males, 45.9% were aged between 46 and 60 years old, and 45.9% had heard of CAM. The most popular CAM treatment for diabetes was biologically based, and the most common reason for using CAM was its accessibility (27.1%). The majority (82.1%) of diabetic patients reported using CAM as a treatment. Independent predictors of CAM use were diabetes complications, having heard of CAM, and social media. Conclusion: CAM use has a high prevalence in the treatment of diabetes. Independent predictors of CAM use were a shorter disease duration, diabetes complications, having heard of CAM, and social media. To avoid negative and unnecessary side effects, patients must be informed about CAM use.
Diagnostic Potential of Ratio Between Creatine Kinase and Amylase in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Selimovic Azra , Jahic Rijad , Kurtovic Avdo , Custovic Nerma , Fajkic Almir
Published: December 2023

Background:  Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory illness of the pancreas representing a true question in diagnostic process. Laboratory markers of the hepatobiliary tract such as liver transaminases with pancreatic enzymes give a true hint of a hidden diagnosis together with urea, creatinine and creatine kinase (CK). Objective: This clinical study aims to show whether there is any correlation between alpha-amylase and CK or their ratio examining hospitalized patients with AP diagnosis. Methods: From total number of 99 patients with a clinical picture of AP, 71 patients in this retrospective analysis (including both genders) were included according to the presence of two biochemical markers in collected laboratory analysis at admission and 72 hours later on a laboratory check-up: CK and alpha-amylase. Results: The median CK value of AP cases was 92 (41.75 – 207.25) in the acute period and 73 (37 – 159) after 72h staying in the hospital without statistical significant (p=0.521; p<0.05). However, there was a statistically significant correlation between the parameters of CK at admission and creatine kinase after 72h staying in the hospital. The median value of CK/Amylase ratio in the acute period was 0.168 (0.069 – 0.532) and 0.386 (0.12 – 1.12) after 72 hours of staying in the hospital. There was a statistically significant difference between values of CK/amylase ratio in these two groups (p=0.000; p<0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion, a connection between CK and alpha-amylase needs to be elucidated in further studies and its existence must be researched both in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, and it is two-way and very complex. This study helped us obtain significant information about the perspective of AP in the potential relation to other non-standard laboratory markers for some diseases
Burnout Among Healthcare Workers During Covid-19 Pandemic: Results from Seven Hospitals in Western Greece
Authors: Koutsouri Anastasia , Paraskevas Despoina , Michailides Christos , Papantoniou Konstantinos , Kavvousanos Michalis , Kantanis Anastasios , Assimakopoulos Stelios , Marangos Markos , Lagadinou Maria
Published: December 2023

Background: Burnout is increasingly being recognized as a major concern, affecting the physical and mental well-being of Healthcare workers (HCWs). Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of occupational exhaustion in healthcare workers (doctors, nurses, paramedics, assistants, administrative staff) and possible contributing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was conducted from March to September 2022 in seven (7) hospitals in Western Greece. It was carried out using an anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed based on results of previously published studies and consisted of 22 multiple-choice questions. Results: There were 259 (60.2%) female and 178 (39.8%) male participants enrolled in the study. The majority of the respondents were nurses (n=207, 48.1%), followed by doctors (n+ 178, 41.4%). There was a marked increase in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal fulfillment and pandemic-related total burnout in participants older than 61 years old (40,05±2,2, 27,16±1,0, 21,11±4,1, 88,32±4,3, respectively). Widow/ers healthcare workers were mostly affected from pandemic related burnout compared to married, unmarried, and divorced healthcare workers. Respondents without postgraduate education demonstrated significantly greater prevalence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and pandemic-related total burnout in comparison to those with doctoral/master degree. The prevalence of personal and work-related burnout among paramedics and administrative staff was higher than that seen in doctors and nurses(32,82±3,8 vs32,08±5,0/29,11±4,7 22,33±4,0 vs21,57±3,1/18,89±5,4 19,60±3,9 vs17,26±2,8/15,24±3,7 74,76±10,4 vs70,92±9,5/63,23±12,1).The prevalence of emotional exhaustion and work-related total burnout was significantly higher among doctors, nurses, paramedics, and administrative staff working with direct contact with COVID-19 patients than those among healthcare workers working without direct contact with COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: The present study highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers.
Echocardiographic Findings of Covid-19 Patients in Canton Sarajevo During the Third Wave of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sljivo Armin , Brigic Lejla , Abdulkhaliq Arian , Dadic Ilma , Reiter Leopold , Sirucic Iman , Abdulkadir Mohammed , Mulac Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Background: Increasing evidence indicates that COVID-19 may result in cardiac issues in certain individuals, such as myocarditis, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Ongoing research on echocardiographic manifestations is still limited.Objective: To investigate the incidence and patterns of left and right ventricular dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study retrospectively observed COVID-19 patients admitted to the Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo during the third wave, with a particular focus on cardiac evaluations.Results. Our patients, predominantely male 155 (72.4%), with a mean age of 66.2±11.4, having hypertension 86 (40.1%), diabetes mellitus 61 (28.5%), hyperlipidemia 144 (67.3%), were active smokers 87 (40.6%), had family history of cardiovascular diseases 123 (57.5%) and were COVID-19 positive 95 (44.4%), presented because of chest pain 78 (36.4%), dyspnea 103 (48.1%), palpitations 67 (31.3%), fatigue 106 (49.5%) and peripheral oedema 30 (14.0%). COVID-19 patients reported much higher symptoms of dyspnea (65 (68.4%) vs 38 (31.9%)) and fatigue (73 (76.8%) vs 33 (27.7%)) than COVID-19 negative patients. On the initial laboratory report, COVID-19 patients had a significantly (p<0.05) higher mean score of C-reactive protein (24.0±4.8 vs. 6.0±2.1), D-dimer (1.6±2.5 vs 0.8±0.6), ALT (94.8±17.2 vs 36.5±19.9) and creatinine (128.0±80.8 vs. 93.4±40.1) when compared to COVID-19 negative patients. COVID-19 patients had enlarged left atrium diametes (31.6±5.6 vs 27.5±5.3), enlarged left ventricular diameter both in systole (27.9±18.1 vs 23.3±16.3) and diastole (39.3±24.1 vs 34.9±22.7), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (53.5±9.2 vs 59.8±4.3) and elevated right ventricular systolic pressure (37.0±16.4 vs 35.1±8.6). Conclusion. COVID-19 patients had enlarged left atrium, enlarged systolic and diastolic left ventricular diameter, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and elevated right ventricular systolic pressure.
Epidemiological Insight of Pertussis in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Haskovic Elma , Konakovic Mirela , Karadza Belma , Habib Sahiba , Catic Sakib
Published: December 2023

Background: Pertussis is an infectious respiratory disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. The bacterium releases toxins that can lead to complications on the respiratory and nervous systems and even death. The disease occurs in people of all ages, but it is most severe in children under the age of five. Objective: To present epidemiological data on this disease in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H) from 2018 to 2022, and from Central Bosnia Canton (CBC) for the period February-June 2018. Methods: This descriptive epidemiological study collected data from the Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology of the CBC and the Institute for Public Health of FB&H. Results: In the specified period in the FB&H was confirmed 93 cases of Pertussis, 61 cases were reported from CBC, a total of 9 in Bugojno city. Confirmed cases from Bugojno were: 3 newborns, 3 infants, 2 three-year-old children and one 12-year-old child, 5 males and 4 females. Three children received first dose of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis-Hemophilus influenza type B vaccine, six children were not vaccinated. Children were under the supervision of pediatricians and infectious disease specialists, the disease passed without serious complications. Conclusions: Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory disease that lasts for weeks. Recovery can be complete, but more serious complications are possible, especially in young children. With the discovery of the vaccine, morbidity and mortality from this disease has been significantly reduced. However, the disease is still present worldwide, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries. By educating parents and educating the population on the importance of vaccination and achieving herd immunity, this disease can be completely eradicated in the near future. In recent years, many American and European countries recommend the immunization of pregnant women in the second half of pregnancy, which provides significant protection to newborns.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Two Decades of Evolution - TAVI From Current Perspective
Authors: Nabil Naser
Published: December 2023

Background: In the treatment of valvular heart diseases, transcatheter therapies have changed the rules of the game, especially in the case of aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Since the first in man transcatheter aortic valve intervention (TAVI) performed by Dr. Alain Cribier in 2002 in a non-operable aortic stenosis (AS) patient, TAVI has changed the lives of so many patients for whom medical treatment was, up to then, the only option. Objective: This article outlines patient selection and pre-procedure evaluation, current perspectives, recent advances, current and future devices, current guidelines informing the use of TAVI, expanding indications for TAVI, ongoing challenges and the future of TAVI. Methods: The use of these percutaneous techniques has also increased significantly in the past few years with its first application in 2002, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has revolutionized the management of aortic stenosis and has become the standard of care for patients with AS at prohibitively high surgical risks, as well as a preferred treatment for elderly patients with intermediate and high-risk AS. Results: Since the first pioneering procedure was performed 22 years ago, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has evolved into a routine procedure increasingly performed under conscious sedation via transfemoral access. On a global market worth $2 billion per year, over 300 000 patients have received a transcatheter aortic valve, demonstrating its clinical and market impact. TAVI may be used in lower risk, younger, asymptomatic populations with ongoing studies using an expanding portfolio of devices. Also, for patients deemed unsuitable for cardiac surgery, mitral transcatheter therapies represent the treatment of choice. Percutaneous repair techniques have had the most clinical experience to date. Conclusion: During this 20-year period, the increased knowledge on pre-procedural planning, the important technological improvements in transcatheter valves, the increased experience and the numerous studies that have been carried out have permitted an expansion of the indications for TAVI, from inoperable patients to high- and intermediate-risk patients. This article outlines patient selection and pre-procedure evaluation, current perspectives, recent advances, current and future devices, current guidelines informing the use of TAVI, expanding indications for TAVI, ongoing challenges and the future of TAVI.
The role of color flow Doppler sonography study in differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Sharma Shruti , Kumar Sunil
Published: December 2023

Background: Thyrotoxicosis is a metabolic state of excessive thyroid hormones which include tetraiodothyronine (FT4) and/or triiodothyronine (FT3). The most common causes of thyrotoxicosis are either autoantibody-mediated hyperfunction of thyroid gland (Graves’ disease) or inflammation-induced destructive thyroiditis (subacute thyroiditis and postpartum thyroiditis). The correct diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis is important as management differs according to etiology. The radioactive iodine uptake test and technetium pertechnetate thyroid scan are the gold standard for diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis. However, these tests are limited by their availability and high cost. Therefore, it is important to look for other parameters which can help in the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. The non-invasive thyroid color flow Doppler sonography (CFDS) is an easily available, highly informative, safe, and comparatively low-cost investigation which can be used as an alternative.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the role of CFDS in the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis.

Materials and Methods: A total number of 120 newly diagnosed thyrotoxic patients were enrolled. On the basis of clinical, laboratory evaluation, and thyroid scan, patients were diagnosed with either Graves’ disease or thyroiditis. All the patients underwent CFDS in the radiology department.

Results: Ninety patients of Graves’ disease and thirty patients of thyroiditis were enrolled in our study. The mean peak systolic velocity (PSV) of inferior thyroid artery (ITA) from both lobes of thyroid gland were used as markers of thyroid vascularity. The difference in mean PSV-ITA in Graves’ and thyroiditis patients was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Using receiver operating characteristic analysis for diagnostic accuracy of PSV, we demonstrated that the cutoff 50 cm/s had 98.9% sensitivity and 96.7% specificity in differentiating Graves’ disease from thyroiditis with positive predictive value and negative predictive value being 99% and 96%, respectively.

Conclusion: A non-invasive CFDS is an inexpensive and easily available procedure which provides the functional status of the thyroid gland. The PSV of ITA can help to differentiate the etiologies of thyrotoxicosis and can be considered as an alternative to nuclear scanning where such modality is not present or contraindicated.
Randomized controlled trial to study the safety and efficacy of probiotics supplementation in addition to the standard treatment in novel coronavirus (SARS‑CoV‑2) positive patients
Authors: Pawar Sudhir , Dere Rajesh , Lokhande Jaisen , Dhage Pravin , Dodake Anshudeep , Parulekar Vidisha , Thaker Hardik
Published: December 2023

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection spread at a catastrophic rate, rapidly becoming a pandemic. Apart from the symptoms related to viral infection, a few patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) also experienced gastrointestinal symptoms. There was initial evidence of intestinal microbial dysbiosis in COVID-19 cases, and a few international studies showed the benefits of probiotics in reducing gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and favorably altering the course of COVID-19 disease.

Aims and Objectives: This study was planned to investigate if probiotics show any beneficial effects on COVID-19 disease in Indian patients.

Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized, open-label study was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplements added to the existing standard treatment in patients with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 and compared them with the control group. Ninety patients were included in this study and were observed on day 1, day 3, day 5, day 10, day 14, and day of discharge for progression or recovery. Patients were monitored for symptom progression, the need for oxygen therapy, ventilation needs, etc.

Results: There was no significant difference in the parameters at baseline in either of the groups. Cough was significantly less in group A (the standard control group) compared to group B (the probiotic group) only on day 5. No significant difference in the number of patients with coughs was seen on the other days. Other important parameters were not significantly different on any day of observation.

Conclusion: The study results do not support the use of probiotics for the treatment of GI symptoms related to COVID19 and do not alter the course of COVID-19 disease or symptoms so as to be used as adjunct therapy for COVID-19 patients.
Penerapan Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Dengan Menggunakan Framework Cobit 4.1 Pada RSUP. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta
Authors: Wahyuni Efa , Noor Muhammad Adipati  , Adelia Riana Dewi
Published: December 2023

Information Technology is a combination of computerization and telecommunication for procurement, processing, storage and dissemination of information. Utilization of Information Technology has become a necessity in efforts to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of business activities. Information technology in hospitals can be applied as a computer-based hospital service system (Computer-Based Library Systems) to manage administrative and service functions. The fundamental role of information technology in a company is needed to prevent problems that can occur within the company such as data loss, data leakage, inaccurate information available due to incorrect data making data integrity untenable, computer misuse and procurement of high-value information technology investments but not offset by an appropriate return on value. For this reason, it is necessary to have an information system audit control mechanism for the management of information technology

This study raises cases at RSUP. Cipto Mangunkusumo which is currently in the stage of implementing Information Technology governance as a way to achieve business goals so that the investment that has been issued is comparable to the business goals to be achieved by the hospital.

Based on the research that has been done, the results of the analysis of most of the process implementation of the COBIT 4.1 Framework in hospitals. Cipto Mangunkusumo is at this level of maturity throughout the IT process in the hospital. Cipto Mangunkusumo is on an average scale of 4, namely Manager, which means it is possible to monitor and measure adherence to procedures so that action can be easily taken if existing processes are not running effectively. Process improvements are carried out regularly and provide best practices.
PERBANDINGAN METODE TRADITIONAL COST DENGAN METODE ACTIVITY BASED COSTING DALAM MENENTUKAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI PADA UMKM BAKSO KUAH SOTO BANGKALAN
Authors: Dimas Ardi Nugraha  , Toha Mahsun  , Achmad Noval Mufai  , Mochamad Reza Adiyanto
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami fluktuasi biaya produksi pada UMKM Bakso Kuah Soto Madura Bangkalan dengan menggunakan metodologi biaya tradisional dan biaya berbasis aktivitas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan yang bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metodologi studi kasus. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan mengajukan pertanyaan-pertanyaan kepada anggota UMKM Bakso Kuah Soto Madura Bangkalan. Metode yang dikenal sebagai Activity Based Costing digunakan untuk menentukan harga bahan produksi yang sedekat mungkin dengan harga yang sebenarnya. Berdasarkan hasil temuan penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa UMKM Bakso Kuah Soto Bangkalan dapat menggunakan metode ini untuk menentukan harga bahan produksi yang mereka butuhkan agar dapat memperoleh harga bahan produksi yang sebenarnya. Berdasarkan analisis dan temuan dari penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode ABC memberikan hasil yang lebih akurat dibandingkan dengan metode tradisional, yang dibuktikan dengan biaya per unit produksi metode ABC lebih besar (4,3%) dibandingkan dengan metode tradisional.
ANALISIS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN JASA PT. PP PERSERO TBK
Authors: Riha Fitria Ardelia  , Adelia Eka Putri  , Muhammad Maksum  , M. Reza Ardiyanto
Published: December 2023

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bagaimana penerapan metode persentase penyelesaian dalam pengakuan pendapatan konstruksi yang diterapkan oleh PT. Pembangunan Perumahan (Persero). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data primer hasil wawancara dari pihak perusahaan mengenai pengakuan pendapatan dan data sekunder berupa data keuangan PT. Pembangunan Perumahan khususnya proyek Juanda Bussines Center, Dusun Pager, Sawotratap, Kec. Gedangan, Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh perusahaan dalam menerapkan metode persentase penyelesaian menggunakan pendekatan fisik yang dihitung berdasarkan estimasi kemajuan fisik saja tanpa memperhitungkan biaya-biaya yang telah dikeluarkan dalam penyelesaian proyek tersebut.
ANALISIS ARUS KAS DALAM MENGUKUR KINERJA KEUANGAN PT. UNITED TRACTORS PADA TAHUN 2021-2022
Authors: Junita Nurfaizi  , Nasya Soraya Yusuf  , Aura Bahrul Safitri  , M. Reza Ardiyanto
Published: December 2023

The cash flow report is a component of financial reports that has an important role in the decision making process. The cash flow statement includes three main categories: operating activities, investing activities, and maintenance activities. In operational activities, this report reveals how efficient the company is in generating cash from its core business activities. Cash flow statements are used effectively in company performance analysis. The aim of this research is to determine the financial condition of the company PT United Tractors using cash flow ratio analysis. This research was conducted using a descriptive analysis method with a quantitative approach, namely using calculations of the operating cash flow ratio, cash cover ratio, capital expenditure ratio, total debt ratio and net profit ratio. The data collection technique used is document study and literature study. The results of this research as a whole show that the cash flow statement ratio analysis of PT United Tractors in 2021-2022 shows good financial performance.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENDUDUK YANG MENGGUNAKAN TELEPON SELULER, INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN TIK, PENDUDUK BEKERJA YANG MENGGUNAKAN INTERNET PADA PEKERJAAN DAN TINGKAT PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK TERHADAP RUMAH TANGGA PENERIMA KREDIT USAHA INDONESIA.
Authors: Suparlan  , Reny Wardiningsih  , Wulandari Agustiningsih
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji penyerapan kredit usaha sebagai indikator pertumbuhan aktivitas ekonomi di sektor riil. Menemukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penduduk yang menggunakan telepon seluler, indeks pembangunan Teknologi Informasi Komunikasi, penduduk bekerja yang menggunakan internet pada pekerjaan dan tingkat pertumbuhan penduduk terhadap rumah tangga penerima kredit usaha di Indonesia. Populasi yang digunakan 34 provinsi di Indonesia sebelum pemekaran 4 provinsi tambahan di Pulau Papua. Sumber data sekunder yang digunakan didapatkan dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Hipotesis satu dalam penelitian ini dapat diterima yang menyebutkan penduduk yang menggunakan telepon seluler berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rumah tangga penerima kredit usaha. Hipotesis dua tidak dapat diterima yang menyebutkan Indeks pembangunan teknologi informasi komunikasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rumah tangga penerima kredit usaha. Hipotesis tiga tidak dapat diterima yang menyebutkan penduduk bekerja yang menggunakan internet pada pekerjaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rumah tangga penerima kredit usaha. Hipotesis empat dapat diterima yang menyebutkan tingkat pertumbuhan penduduk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rumah tangga penerima kredit usaha.
Mercado mundial e imperialismo: o papel central da grande indústria
Authors: Leite Leonardo , Carcanholo Marcelo
Published: December 2023

O artigo analisa a relação entre grande indústria, mercado mundial e imperialismo com o objetivo de reconstituir teoricamente o processo histórico que produziu a dependência. Constata que o entendimento da gênese da dependência não pode estar vinculada com a tese do capitalismo monopolista pois deve buscar suas raízes na Revolução Industrial e na formação do mercado mundial propriamente capitalista. Para isso, desenvolve a teoria do valor e dos preços de Marx para identificar os processos de transferência de valor a partir do comércio, mostra que a grande indústria cria centro e periferias e que a relação embutida no desenvolvimento do mercado mundial é uma relação imperialista.
Provocações de Darcy Ribeiro para economistas
Authors: Curty Carla , Vieira Wilson , Malta Maria
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo busca apresentar a análise de Darcy Ribeiro como um intérprete do Brasil a partir de suas contribuições para a questão da formação econômico-social brasileira, de maneira a analisar como estas contribuições podem auxiliar no entendimento de economistas sobre a história econômica do Brasil e suas análises sobre a realidade econômica e social brasileira. Considera-se que nos debates tradicionais sobre formação econômico-social brasileira algumas questões, como a questão racial, não são abordadas com profundidade e não são articuladas como elementos importantes para a compreensão da formação econômico-social brasileira e que é importante que economistas tragam esta questão para a centralidade de suas análises, como Darcy Ribeiro fez.