bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parameters Estimation and Dynamics Control of Chay Model Using UKF
Authors: Wang Hai Yang , Wang Jiang , Li Hong Li , Chen Ying Yuan , Wei Xi Le
Published: February 2012

This paper describes a control framework that uses UKF to estimate unknown parameters, which has significant physiological functions in neuron model, from heavily noisecorrupted time series of active potential and choose the estimated parameters as control vector enables the control purposes of firing patterns transition. We apply this control strategy to the firing patterns from chaotic spiking to periodic one in the Chay model. It has been demonstrated that this framework is highefficiency and wide potential applications to various system in biology.
A Robotic Manipulator Control and Simulation System with Qt and VTK
Authors: Zhang Chuan Qing , Shao Jun Yi , Chen Ken , Ren Chang Zhi
Published: February 2012

In this paper, we present an object-oriented C++ library for robotic manipulator control and simulation, THRControl, which is inherited from Qt and VTK. The library package has advantages include support cross-platform applications; high flexibility and high computational efficiency meet the need of computations required in robot control such as forward kinematics, inverse dynamics, and jacobian. The experimental results show that it is very easy is construct a user-friendly manipulator control and simulation system.
A Rotor Position Detection Method of SRM by Measuring Mutually Induced Voltages
Authors: He Lin , Bai Jie , Sun He Xu , Gao Jie
Published: February 2012

This paper describes a method of indirect rotor position measuring for sensorless SRM. The principle is based on measuring the mutually induced voltage in the two inactive phase which is adjacent to the energized phase of the SRM. The mutual voltage in the inactive phase, induced due to the current in the active phase, varies with the position of the rotor. In this paper the SRM was seen as a Differential transformer. One phase was chosen as the primary coil of the transformer, and the adjacent two phases were the Secondary coils. The two Secondary coils were connected in anti-series. A sine wave signal was poured to the primary coil and then we measured the mutual-inductance voltage and processed in a microcontroller to estimate the position of the rotor. The feasibility of the method was proved by an experiment of 8/6 pole four-phase switched reluctance motor.
Phase Evolution Simulation of Al2O3-SiС-C Castable with Cr2O3 Addition by Thermodynamic Calculation
Authors: Yin Yu Cheng , Yin Yu Cheng , Ge Shan , Lu Jiu Chang , Nie Jian Hua
Published: February 2012

In order to make sure whether the Cr2O3would change to Cr6+during the service, 4wt % Cr2O3was added to the calcium aluminate cement bonded Al2O3-SiC-C castables for blast furnace main trough, then the phase evolution was analyzed through thermodynamic calculation done by Factsage 6.1 under air atmosphere, which is close to its real work conditions. Calculations results show that Cr2O3was reduced to Cr3C2with low air amount, with amount of air increase, Cr3C2transformed to Cr4C and Cr5Si3successively, and turned to Cr2O3at last with much more air, and no compound including Cr6+was founded.
The Study of LiNbO3 Piezoelectric-Films Applied in Measurement of Thenar Pressure
Authors: Li Xue Mei , Qiu Wang Biao
Published: February 2012

For testing and analyzing thenar pressure and obtaining the physiologic and pathologic parameter about posture and athletics, LiNbO3 film is deposited on latex substrate by RF magnetron sputtering and connected with the signal collecting instruments to compose testing system of thenar pressure .The system is applied in the actual test. The experiments indicate that the LiNbO3 piezoelectric-film has better sensitivity stabilization and repeatability, and it can obtain reliable the thenar pressure signals. It confirms that the LiNbO3 piezoelectric-film was suitable for thenar pressure measurement.
Copula Simulation of Mechanical Structural Systems Failure Mode
Authors: Han Wen Qin , Zhou Jin Yu
Published: February 2012

As a new and efficient tool of statistical analysis, Copula has the capability of putting multivariate random probability models into practice, and describing time-varying and nonlinear feature of statistcal dependence of random variables. Aiming at mechanical structural systems with failure-dependence, a new method is put forward for reliability modeling by introducing mixed copula, in which giving a reference to several copula functions and its applicable feature of the correlation. Copula model of joint probability distribution function is build between every functions, in which every functions value are chosen as the analytic variables of copula function and unknown parameters of copula are estimated by means of the random sampling data generated by Monte Carlo simulation in MATLAB software, thereby failure probability of the structural system is got by copula function. Finally, a practical case of copula demonstrates the feasibility of the method , which give a new path for the reliability analysis of mechanical structural system with correlated failure modes.
ROHC Tunneling Protocol for Source Specific Multicast Architecture
Authors: Sarwar Muhammad Imran , Wan Tat Chee , Keikhosrokiani Pantea , Ramadass Sureswaran
Published: February 2012

Advances in IP-based multimedia applications, coupled with the evolution of wireless networks results in a need for effective multimedia transmission and delivery of real-time content such as voice and video streams. Multicast has the potential to optimize network performance and support scalable distributed applications without compromising performance, efficiency, and QoS but introduces new challenges to transmit multicast packet in the backbone especially when incorporated into wireless mesh network with limited bandwidth. We propose ROHC enabled tunnel for source specific multicast architecture that will compress packet header and aggregate them to together in a frame to save bandwidth and address the packet loss. Our ROHC enabled tunneling protocol will act as SSM channel (S, G) and is designed to be deployed in the backbone network. In this paper, we analyze and discuss the how to address the bandwidth efficiency and packet loss with respect to our proposed tunneling protocol.
Study of the Critical Fault Clearing Time for the Super High Voltage Cable-Wound Generator System
Authors: Tao Da Jun , Ge Bao Jun , Dong Chuan You , Lv Yan Ling
Published: February 2012

The super high voltage generator, the stator winding of which is made of high voltage power cable, can be connected to the power grid directly. In this paper, the first super high voltage generator prototype at home is taken as an example, the equivalent circuits of the super high voltage generator system is proposed from the static power characteristic when the system transmission line is broke down because of the single phase to ground fault, phase to phase fault and two phases to ground fault. And the power expressions are also presented, and then the power angle and speed of the super high voltage cable wound generator are simulated with the improved Euler algorithm, and the critical fault clearing times of three faults are obtained. At the same time, the critical fault clearing time of a typical conventional synchronous generator system is also calculated and compared with the super high voltage cable wound generator system, and it is found that the dynamic stability margin of the super high voltage cable wound generator system is higher than that of conventional generator system.
Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Forged High Nb Containing Tial Alloy on Large Scale
Authors: Xu Xiang Jun , Lin Jun Pin , Wang Yan Li
Published: February 2012

Microstructure and tensile properties of canned forged Ti-45Al-(8-9)Nb-(W,B,Y) (at.%) were investigated. After canned forging at (α + γ) phase region, microstructure in the major part of the pancake was fully recrystallized duplex (DP) microstructure containing equiaxed γ grains and fine α2/γ lamellar colonies with a grain size of less than 30μm, while microstructure in the near surface zone was a mixture of fine-grained DP and retained cast structure. Due to solidification segregation, β (B2) phase existed at the grain boundaries and triple junctions. The alloy exhibited a good balance between both room temperature (RT) and high temperatures tensile properties, and the brittle-to-ductile transition temperature was about 760 °C. The fracture mode was predominantly transgranular fracture at both RT and high temperatures.
Using an Object-Oriented Approach for Scalable Flexibility in Manufacturing
Authors: Popp Ilie Octavian , Barsan Ioan
Published: February 2012

In this paper, it is briefly explained how to configure the different resource modules that actually control the tasks of the physical device and put together a work cell consisting of other FMS resources. Finally, an example on building a workcell using a hierarchical approach is presented.
A Model for Predicting Flowing Gas Temperature and Pressure Profiles in Buried Pipeline
Authors: Liang Guang Chuan , Tan Lin Lin , Tian He
Published: February 2012

Steady sate flow of natural gas in buried pipeline is predicted with both the heat transfer between the flowing gas and the surrounding and the Joule-Thompson effect. The steady-state flow continuity, momentum and energy equations constitute the governing equations. As a constant gas mass flux (or gas mass flow rate) distribution along the pipeline is obtained from the steady-state continuity equation, the mathematical model describing steady-state gas flow in pipeline may be reduced to a second-order ODE system of first-order initial-value problem with gas pressure and temperature as the dependent variables. The forth-order Runge-Kutta method is used to solve this ODE system. Comparison between the predicted results and the observed field data are very good
Monitoring Nugget Size of Micro Resistance Spot Welding (Micro RSW) Using Electrode Displacement-Time Curve
Authors: Tseng Kuang Hung , Chuang Ko Jui
Published: February 2012

The objective of this work is to investigate the relationship between nugget development and electrode displacement curves during micro RSW of stainless steel sheets. A DC transistor type micro RSW machine equipped with a real-time monitoring system was employed for this study. A laser displacement sensor was used to detect the displacement signals in the movement of upper electrode. This research can provide references for monitoring and control micro RSW quality using maximum electrode displacement. The results showed that electrode displacement increased rapidly at the initial heating stage of welding, and then at a reducing rate under normal cooling stage. The maximum electrode displacement is proportional to the weld current and is inversely proportional to the electrode force. An electrode displacement curve is an ideal monitoring signal can reflect the formation and growth of a nugget during micro RSW.
Assisted Research of the Neural Network
Authors: Olaru Adrian , Olaru Serban , Paune Dan , Ghionea Adrian Lucian
Published: February 2012

In the optimization of the trajectory or of the guidance of mobile robots one of the more important things is to assure one small difference between the output data of the system and the target. This paper show how on-line will be possible to establish one convergence way to the target without any influences of the input data or initial conditions of the weights or biases. The paper show the general components and the mathematical model of some more important neurons and one numerical simulation of the linear neural network. In the paper was used the least mean square (LMS) error algorithm for adjusting the weights and biases and incremental training by different training rate, finally to obtain one minimum error to the target.
Modelling and Experimentation of Solid Lubrification with Powder MoS2 through Self-Repairing and Self-Replenishing
Authors: Ilie Filip , Tita Constantin
Published: February 2012

Molybdenum disulphides (MoS2), which belong to the family of transition metal dichalcogenides, are well known for their solid lubricating behaviour. Thin films of MoS2 exhibit extremely low coefficient of friction in dry environments, and are typically applied by mixed in oil, grease or impregnated into porous matrix of powdered materials, sputter deposition, pulsed laser ablation, evaporation or chemical vapour deposition and, which are essentially either line-of-sight or high temperature processes. Solid lubricant coatings are attractive because they can reduce friction-generated heat. MoS2 is a common solid lubricant. However, the use of MoS2 can limited by excessive wear, as well as a friction coefficient. Several studies on solid lubricant coatings demonstrated success in lubricating dry sliding contacts over very long periods in tribometer tests or reciprocating sliding experiments.Several pellet-on-disk and pad-on-disk tribometer tests were conducted to study the lubrication characteristics of third-body particles of MoS2 powder. The tests consisted of simultaneous pellet-on-disk and pad-on-disk sliding contacts. Results from the tests show the self-repairing, self-replenishing, oil-free lubrication mechanism of MoS2. A theoretical control volume fractional coverage (CVFC) model was developed to predict: - (1) the friction coefficient at the pad-on-disk interface and - (2) the wear coefficient for the lubricated pellet-on-disk sliding contact. The fractional coverage varies with time and quantifies the amount of third-body film covering the disk asperities. Results from the model capture the tribological behaviour of the experimental sliding contacts reasonably well. The aim of this paper is modeling and experimentation of solid lubrification with MoS2 particles through self-repairing and self-replenishing and through the comparision between theoretical and experimental results obtained in the process of friction and wear by tribological tests.
Providing a Pattern to Evalute CRM Systems Based on EFQM Model in SMEs
Authors: Reihanifard Pegah , Aminilari Mansoor , Moghadam Reza Askari , Vahdat Davood , Mozaffari Soroush
Published: February 2012

Today, companies put their customers at the center of all activities and revise their marketing and sales strategies based on IT[1]. The companies, regardless of type of activity, size and structure, need to establish efficient management systems to evaluate their customer relationship system and provide other organizational tools to determine, lead, manage, and evaluate management strategies[2]. The purpose of this paper is to present a pattern based on EFQM model which is studied systematically in small and medium industries in order to get proper and unified approach in customer relationships by considering having proper approaches, results of approaches, and evaluating and reviewing of criteria .In this research we concentrate on the case study of Golsar Fars sanitary ware company among SMEs companies of sanitary ware industry in Iran in order to investigate the qualitative aspects of manifestations and see how the proposed pattern can be used by experts experienced in customer relationship management to help them to coordinate their activities with continuous improvement of the organization.
Real-Time Gesture Recognition for Controlling a Virtual Hand
Authors: Moldovan Constantin Catalin , Staretu Ionel
Published: February 2012

Object tracking in three dimensional environments is an area of research that has attracted a lot of attention lately, for its potential regarding the interaction between man and machine. Hand gesture detection and recognition, in real time, from video stream, plays a significant role in the human-computer interaction and, on the current digital image processing applications, this represent a difficult task. This paper aims to present a new method for human hand control in virtual environments, by eliminating the need of an external device currently used for hand motion capture and digitization. A first step in this direction would be the detection of human hand, followed by the detection of gestures and their use to control a virtual hand in a virtual environment.
Aspects of Lag's 5-Dof a Biped Robot Stabilization
Authors: Csaba Zoltan Mate , Erzsebet Faluvegi , Luciana Cristea
Published: February 2012

This paper aims to present special issues concerning the analysis of mobile robots with kinematic motion effects on the stability study. In the analysis, the authors used inverse kinematics, which enables rapid modeling and identifying solutions as regards the stability of bipedal robots. The symbolic solution for kinematics equations of biped robots is of great importance for the efficient controllability of these robots.
Design of Humanoid’s Lower Limb Model for Walking
Authors: Hajduk Mikuláš , Sukop Marek , Marko Lubos , Varga Jozef , Baláž Vladimír
Published: February 2012

This paper describes basic principles of the kinematic structure design for two - leg walking robots. The article deals with the design of walking phases detailed, which is described in sagital and frontal plane so that movement of the centre of gravity was outside the support polygon and also offers the model of walk for the concrete construction of the two - leg walking robot. This article is the result of research activities of our department in humanoid robotics.
Dynamic Analysis of a Mobile Mechanical System with Deformable Elements
Authors: Dumitru Nicolae , Malciu Raluca , Calbureanu Madalina , Dumitru Sorin , Marinescu Gabriel Cătălin
Published: February 2012

The paper presents a method for studying mechanisms with deformable elements, based on overlapping the solid rigid motion over the elastic solid one, in order to identify the dynamic response of the system. Modeling was based on finite element method, so the cinematic elements were meshed in bar type finite elements and the degrees of freedom per node were settled according to the motion character (planar or spatial). A Lagrange formulation of the finite element was adopted for the deformable elements connected in multibody systems. In order to define the joints constraints, the conditions for compatibility between elements were defined using a Boolean constant matrix. Computer processed results were verified by an experimental model.
GA Based Trajectory Generation for a 7-DOF Biped Robot by Considering Feet Rotation during Double Support Phase
Authors: Farzadpour Farsam , Danesh Mohammad
Published: February 2012

This paper presents a trajectory generation approach for a 7-DOF biped robot on level ground. Simultaneously rotation of feet in double support phase is considered which leads to high-speed and more similar to human being walking. The zero moment point (ZMP) stability criterion is used to ensure the stability of the bipedal walking robot. Since ZMP trajectory in human walking does not stay fixed, it needs to be a straight line shaped forward ZMP trajectory to have a natural walk. A genetic algorithm based method is proposed to obtain key parameters in trajectory generation such that the ZMP follows a predefined trajectory while minimizing power consumption. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Hardware-Software Co-Design for BLDC Motor Speed Controller Design
Authors: Alecsa Bogdan , Onea Alexandru
Published: February 2012

This paper proposes a combined hardware-software approach for a controller design. The case of a brushless DC (BLDC) motor speed controller is studied. A hardware controller is implemented inside a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device, together with soft core processors that implement by software non-critical tasks, like liquid crystal display (LCD) interface and serial data communication to a host computer. This way, the control algorithm is executed in hardware, as fast as possible, while the monitoring tasks are performed by the software. Experimental results are provided, showing the working design.
Study upon the Dynamic Answer of Plane Manipulators
Authors: Geonea Ionuţ Daniel , Margine Alexandru , Ungureanu Alin
Published: February 2012

The paper illustrates the structure of plane mechanical systems used to manipulators. In the first part are presented some kinematics schemes used to plane manipulators. These mechanisms are used to manipulators, positioning and control systems. In generally these mechanisms have two or three degree of mobility. The purpose of the paper is to study the dynamics of a plane manipulator mechanical system used to manipulate garbage containers. It is presented the kinematics scheme of a plane manipulator, used to this purpose and is presented the mechanism functional description. In the second part is presented the kinematical and dynamical analysis for the plane manipulator mechanism. In the last part of the paper are presented graphical results for the dynamics parameters.
Study on the Technology of MPLS in Wide Area Protection System
Authors: Cai Yi Ming , Li Ze
Published: February 2012

Subject to protection of power system, the article analyzes the communication technologies suitable for the current WAPS like IP exchange technology and MPLS etc. and analyzes the feasibility of these technologies in the field of power system WAPS. After comparative analysis of the current communication means, i.e. physical media and communication model etc., the article proposes a WAPS communication network scheme based on MPLS technology. Finally, the article uses network emulation software OPNET to simulate the communication performance of this communication scheme, compares it with current WAPS communication networks and gets the conclusion that the proposed wide area communication network scheme meets WAPS communication requirements
Inkjet Printing of UV Curable Character Ink and Control of the Dried Droplets Size
Authors: Hang Jiang Zhong , Cheng Yin Yin , Li Jie , Shi Li Yi , Zhang Mei Hong
Published: February 2012

In this paper an UV-curable character ink with high dispersion and stability was prepared based on acrylic resin, acrylic monomer, photo-initiator, pigment and other additives. The viscosity, particle size and surface tension of the ink were 18~22mPas, 310~330 nm and 22~25 mNm-1 at 25oC, respectively. These features showed the possibility to inkjet printing the ink on printed circuit board (PCB). Inkjet printing with high resolution can be achieved by varying the dried droplet diameter. Applied voltage and temperature during the jetting process influenced the diameter of dried droplet.
The Computer Calibration Modeling of Radial Distortion Based Weld System with Parallel Planes
Authors: Peng Peng
Published: February 2012

The paper illuminates the designed automatic weld control system. The RAC calibration arithmetic considering radial distortion is introduced, and according to the actual conditions of this weld system, the inchoate rapid calibration arithmetic is designed. Finally combined with the precision characteristic of the non-linear RAC calibration arithmetic and the concision characteristic of the inchoate rapid arithmetic, the improved automatic calibration arithmetic with six parameters is proposed, which achieves satisfied result.
A Pilot Study of Readers of Freely Charged Newspaper
Authors: Zeng Fan Bin , Zhang Rong
Published: February 2012

This study took an investigation of what character of these free charged newspaper readers and how this group is structured are needed. This research, in the subject of the readers of Guangzhou Metro, through random sampling selected, received 225 copies of effective papers. This research discovers that, from the point view of characters of free charged newspaper readers as Guangzhou Metro, it is young, but not as wealthy as the publisher alleged, their income only belong to the middle level because most of them are staff and students. Although the crowd is still not high, and they are mainly to reduce the time of reading traditional one, instead of completely change the reading chance and time of traditional newspaper, it is necessary to know further information about the cause of the case and what kind of countermeasures should be taken. Finally, the new readers who did not read newspaper in the past read the free one now. It is not only an attractive point for the free press but also valued for the traditional newspaper to pay attention to.
Application of Adaptive RBF-SMC for Electro-Hydraulic Position Servo System
Authors: Wang Wu , Zhao Zheng Yin
Published: February 2012

Electro-hydraulic servo system was hard to control with traditional control strategy and RBF-SMC (Radial Basis Function neural networks-Sliding Mode Control) controller was designed for this system. The mathematical model of the electro-hydraulic servo system was analyzed and the neural sliding mode controller was designed, the control law of sliding mode control was based on linearization feedback techniques and estimate parameters with RBF neural network. The simulation shows RBF neural networks can learning the uncertainties and disturbance, RBF-SMC has good control performance of reduces chattering and parameters estimation.
Effects of Adding Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube into Dielectric when EDMing Titanium Alloy
Authors: Izman S. , Ghodsiyeh Danial , Hamed T. , Rosliza R. , Rezazadeh M.
Published: February 2012

The low thermal conductivity and gummy-like characteristic of titanium based materials reduce the tool life of cutting tool significantly when machining using conventional processes. Non-contact machining like electrical discharge machining becomes one of the alternative methods to machine these titanium alloys especially when involving complex shapes and geometry. The use of powder-mixed dielectric (PMD) has been successfully applied in machining moulds and dies steel based materials but limited study has been reported on PMD-EDMing titanium alloys. In the present work, EDMing performance of Ti6Al4V using kerosene dielectric with and without adding multi-walled carbon nanotube is compared experimentally. The effects of three controlled parameters, i.e. Pulse ON Time, Interval Time and Peak Current were evaluated on the machined samples. It is found that addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in dielectric shows significant improvement in material removal rate (7%) and surface finish (9%) together with reduction in white layer thickness as compared to plain dielectric without powder.
Investigation of Plasmon Resonances of Ag Nanoshells for Sensing Applications
Authors: Zhang Peng Fei , Cheng Pei Hong
Published: February 2012

Sensing with metal nanostructures is one of the most promising applications of nanoplasmonic devices. This paper demonstrated the theoretical simulation studies on the localized surface plasmon (LSP) of Ag nanoshells with a core diameter of 20 nm and 50 nm. The refractive index-sensing properties, such as sensitive band locations of the Ag nanoshells and sensitive spectral features as a function of nanoshell thickness, are investigated. It is found that the thicker Ag nanoshells show higher sensitivity, but the higher-order LSP resonance modes and wide extinction spectra band degrade its response. The optimum thickness is concluded to be 10nm with a sensitivity of 370nm/RIU.
Studying of B, N, S, Si and P Doped (5, 5) Carbon Nanotubes by the Density Functional Theory
Authors: Wang Yan Li , Su Ke He , Zhang Jun Ping
Published: February 2012

The B, N, S, Si and P atoms doped single walled (5, 5) carbon nanotubes were studied by density functional theory B3LYP/3-21G (d) with the periodic boundary conditions. The ultra long tube models were calculated and the structures, energies and the band structures were obtained. The N, Si and S doped nanotubes have narrow energy gap with metal conductivity whereas B and P doped nanotubes have overlapped energy gaps with or semi-metal conductivity.
Wrist Mounted Camera for Colour and Shape Recognition
Authors: Tilneac Mihaela , Grigorescu Sanda , Paléologue Victor , Dolga Valer
Published: February 2012

The aim of this paper is robot with vision system to interact with its environment. The task considered is recognizing and finding objects extracted from the image space. The work presents a Matlab program for different objects colour and shape recognition. The image taken by a low cost Web camera is processed and information is transferred to a robot controller for moving above the identified object.
Applications of the Flexible Wing Concept at Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Prisacariu Vasile , Boscoianu Mircea , Circiu Ionica , Rau Cristea Gabriel
Published: February 2012

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles have seen a rapid development due to increased miniaturisation of technology, and their multiple usages in both military and civilian fields, thus making this business very profitable. Although the small UAVs are high enabling capabilities, they are still single-role (one flight, one mission). The present paper will present a comparative analysis of the solutions on flexible wing concept and will analyze the possibilities to use the morphing concept at small UAVs.
Electronic Interface for Pneumatic Grippers Using USB Port
Authors: Rizescu Ciprian Ion , Rizescu Dana , Ionascu Georgeta
Published: February 2012

The paper deals with an electronic interface built on Arduino electronics. The interface allows controlling several pneumatic grippers using a PC. The grippers are connected to the PC using the mentioned interface which is connected to PC through USB port. The authors are continuing a work developed since 2005 when a LPT electronic interface was developed.
Manufacturing Using Robot
Authors: Mikolajczyk Tadeusz
Published: February 2012

Paper describes the robots employment to surface manufacturing. In experiments were used IRb60 robot with modernized computer control system. Presented examples of robots using with stationary, rotational and inject tools. Stationary tools were used to cutting polystyrene foam and turning. Rotational, tool with its own drive, was used to milling and grinding mould surface. Inject tool was used to rapid prototyping using polyurethane foam.
Off-Line Programming of Industrial Robots Using Co-Located Environments
Authors: Gîrbacia Florin , Duguleana Mihai , Stavar Adrian
Published: February 2012

This paper presents a methodology and a prototype system for off-line programming of an industrial robot using augmented reality technology. The system allows to control a virtual model of the industrial robot co-located in the real environment, planning for collision-free paths, generate robot program and simulate the robot actions before the real robot perform the task. The advantage of this system is use of inexpensive equipment for intuitive off-line programming of an industrial robot.
The View to the Current State of Robotics
Authors: Vagaš Marek , Hajduk Mikuláš , Semjon Ján , Koukolová Lucia , Jánoš Rudolf
Published: February 2012

The article deal about the development in the field of robotic research. The introduction suggests and summarizes actual development in robotics, which is heavily focused on the service and humanoid field in many applications. Next section of contribution is dealed to the development and is referred to its fundamental properties, which has current industrial robots.
Variation of Microstructure and Properties of Re-7075 Al Alloy after Homogenizing Annealing
Authors: Zhang Ju Guo , Zhu Hong Bin
Published: February 2012

The variation of microstructure and properties of RE-7075 Al alloy after homogenizing annealing were studied by some modern analytical instruments which including OM(optical microscope),SEM(scanning electron microscopy),EDS(energy dispersive spectroscopy ), Brinell hardness and conductivity meter of SIGMASCOPE SMP10 type in this experiment. The results shows that the alloy′s microstructure was uniform ,reduced the volume fraction of second phase,increased supersaturation of matrix and eliminated gradually dendritic segregation in homogenizing annealing state. The primary phase of matrix microstructure contain α(Al),T(Al2Mg3Zn3) and grain boundary microstructure include α(Al),Al2Cu,AlCuMg4La4 after homogenizing annealing.Compared with as cast condition,the conductivity and the hardness reduced after homogenizing annealing.
Design of Rubberized Asphalt Concrete by Means of Coarse Aggregate Void Filling Method
Authors: Wu Kuang Huai , Yang Guo Liang , Zeng Ai Yu
Published: February 2012

In order to find a convenient approach to design the mix of rubberized asphalt concrete (RAC) and make full use of the properties of RAC, a kind of RAC-13 (13 is the nominal maximum aggregate size of the mixture) was designed by means of coarse aggregate void filling method (CAVF). A series of conventional tests of asphalt mixture with five asphalt-rubber aggregate ratio(ARAR) were carried out to check the target mix design and evaluate the performance of RAC. Performance evaluation tests such as Marshall and submerged Marshall stability test, moisture damage test and wheel tracking test were included. Test results show that the high temperature stability, moisture susceptibility and road performance of RAC-13 designed with CAVF method are all favorable. The recommended optimum asphalt-rubber aggregate ratio(OARAR) is 7.1% under the condition of skeleton structure. CAVF is a good means for designing RAC to ensure its stone-on-stone contact structure.
Composition Typomorphic Characteristics of Pyrite in Various Genetic Type Gold Deposits
Authors: Yan Yu Tong , Li Sheng Rong , Jia Bao Jian , Zhang Na , Jiang Liang , Yan Li Na
Published: February 2012

Pyrite is an ordinary mineral which appears in different types of deposits and it is an important gold-bearing mineral in gold deposits. Through studying the composition typomorphic characteristics of pyrite, we have achieved some genesis information. However, the study on pyrite composition typomorphism in different genesis gold deposits is rare. The paper studied major and trace elements of pyrite of different genetic deposits by using δFe—δS, δFe/δS—As, (Fe+S)—As and Co—Ni—As plot method and achieved major elements characteristics of different deposits. The results show that each genetic type gold deposit has its typical characteristics. This result are well applicable to genetic studies of pyrite in gold deposits and the distribution characteristics are helpful for studying pyrite in gold deposits
Crashworthiness Optimization of Thin Walled Cylindrical Tubes with Annular Grooves under Axial Compression
Authors: Emami Reza , Moghadam Elahe Sadat Alavi , Sohrabi Mostafa
Published: February 2012

In this paper explicit finite element codes of LS DYNA are applied to simulate the crushing behavior of cylindrical metallic impact energy absorbers with annular machined grooves and the validation of the simulation results are done by comparing with experimental and theoretical findings from the literature. Some efforts are made to find the optimum groove geometry of the tubes by considering two criteria such as the maximum absorbed energy per unit mass (SEA) and maximum ratio of average load to maximum load during crushing (CFE). Maximum allowable load during crushing and the geometrical limits that should not exceed some specified boundaries are considered as design constrains. Based on design of experiment technique (DOE) the conditions that the results should be taken are determined and consequently, response surface (RS) models are created to build a composite objective function that considers both CFE and SEA. Genetic algorithm is applied to find the optimal point for the composite function that meets the design requirements.
Optimization of Pre-Treatment Parameters before Diamond Coating Using Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II)
Authors: Golshan Abolfazl , Shirdar Mostafa Rezazadeh , Gohery Scott , Alvansazyazdi Mohammadfarid
Published: February 2012

In this study a single step of the chemical pre-treatment is implemented to tungsten carbide (WC 6 [%]) at the surface of the substrate in order to solve poor adhesion problem. During the pre-treatment process, numerous parameters such as etching time, acid temperature and concentration affect on the surface roughness and Cobalt content of WC-Co substrate are investigated. Optimal selection of these parameters is one of the significant issues to achieve high-quality work-piece in etching process. Thus, the statistical model based on nonlinear polynomial equations is developed for the different responses. Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) with the use of MATLAB Software codes is used to solve multi-objective optimization problem in order to provide a preferred solution for a process engineer in a short period of time.
Preparation and Electrochemical Characterization of an Activated Carbon Material of High Surface Area for Supercapacitor
Authors: Li Jing , Zhao Xiao Dong
Published: February 2012

A low-cost organic compound mainly comprising of polyarylate was selected as precursor and a chemical activation method was used to prepare an activated carbon material of large surface area, with which the activated carbon electrodes of high specific capacitance were fabricated for supercapacitor. Impact of activating temperature on the specific capacitance of activated carbon electrode was studied, the relationship between the pore structure, surface area and specific capacitance of activated carbon electrode were discussed. The specific capacitance and ESR (equivalent series resistance ) of the electrode fabricated with the activated carbon prepared at 700°C is 211F.g-1 and 0.2Ω/cm2 in hydrous electrolyte and the 122F/g and 1Ω/cm2 in orgnic electrolyte respectively. Because of the different ion diameter in orgnic and hydrous electrolyte, activated electrode show different electrochemical behavior in cyclic voltammetry examinations.
Tribological Properties of Plasma-Sprayed 20 wt. % ZrO2-Al2O3-17 wt.% TiO2 Coatings on Plain Carbon Steel Substrate
Authors: Du San Ming , Niu Yong Ping , Zhang Yong Zhen
Published: February 2012

In the present study, 20 Wt. % ZrO2-Al2O3-17 wt.% TiO2 powders were sprayed using a plasma-spray technique after a NiAl bond layer was deposited on plain carbon steel substrate. The produced coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) including energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The tribological properties of coatings against hard alloy ball were investigated by using a pin-on-disc tribo-meter under dry environments. The predominant wear mechanism of coating is fatigue.
Assessment on Screw Fixing Failure Mode for Kitchen Cabinet Particleboard
Authors: Abu Falah , Ahmad Mansur
Published: February 2012

An observation during screw fixing activities on kitchen cabinet installation was carried out. In collaboration with Signature Kitchen Ptd. Ltd., a kitchen cabinet manufacturer in Malaysia, twenty-eight (28) houses in Kelang Valley, Malaysia were selected for the study. Almost all of the sites selected have shown some damages of the particleboard during the screw fixing activities. Generally, there were cracks, chip-off or swelling occurred in between the panel surface and the screw head edges. The damages observed on the screw joint during installation are in the form of split holes, loose holes and delamination. All damages then were identified for its type of failure mode especially at the screw-driving slot and particleboard surface. Six type of failure mode were identified, documented and discussed.
Discussion of Nonlinear Constitutive Models for Aluminium Alloy Material Engine Piston
Authors: He Yu Tong
Published: February 2012

The engine piston is the critical component of the automobile, which always show high nonlinear behaviours under the thermal and mechanical cycling load. By contracting known metal material’s common constitutive theory、analyzing its composition method of continuous function and considering the special requirements of engine piston runs in the high temperature environment, the thesis could find a practical constitutive model which is applicable for aluminum alloy material used on engine piston. Through ways of analyzing and contracting, the constitutive model proposed by Sehitoglu proved to be applicable.
Prediction and Optimization of Dimensional Shrinkage Variations in Injection Molded Parts Using Forward and Reverse Mapping of Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Manjunath Patel G.C. , Krishna Prasad
Published: February 2012

The most significant process parameters affecting dimensional shrinkage in transverse and longitudinal directions of molded parts in Plastic Injection Molding (PIM) process are injection velocity, mold temperature, melt temperature and packing pressure. In the present work, ANN model was developed for forward and reverse mapping prediction. In forward mapping PIM process parameters are expressed as the input parameters to predict dimensional shrinkage, whereas in reverse mapping, attempts were made to predict an appropriate set of process parameters required for arriving at the required dimensional shrinkage. The trained network with one thousand input-output data randomly generated from regression equations reported by earlier researchers resulted in minimum mean squared error. The performance of developed model was compared with experimental values for ten different test cases. The results show that ANN model with both forward and reverse mapping is capable of prediction with an error level of less than ten percent.
Adsorption Kinetics of Zn(II) from Aqueous Solutions onto Epichlorohydrin Crosslinked Chitosan
Authors: Dang Ming Yan , Guo Hong Min , Tan Yan Kun
Published: February 2012

Chitosan was crosslinked using epichlorohydrin as crosslinking agent to prepare crosslinked chitosan which was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Zn(II) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption prosperities of Zn(II) on crosslinked chitosan were studied, including the influence of pH value and the adsorption kinetics. The kinetics of adsorption was discussed using two kinetic models, the pseudo first-order and the pseudo second-order model. Results reveal that the crosslinked chitosan is suitable as adsorbent to remove Zn(II) from dilute solution. The rate parameters for the Zn(II) by crosslinked chitosan were also determined. It was shown that the adsorption kinetics of Zn(II) could be best described by the pseudo second-order model and the adsorption process may involve a physical adsorption.
Preparation of Cr2O3 Nanoparticles via Hydrothermal Reduction of CH3OH
Authors: Pei Zhen Zhao , Xu Hong Bin , Zhang Yi
Published: February 2012

Nanoparticles of Cr2O3 were successfully obtained via hydrothermal reduction of CH3OH. The oxidant and chromium source was CrO3. The process needs no stirrer or surfactant and the CrO3 concentration was 0.83mol/L. The obtained products were loosely agglomerated Cr2O3 nanoparticles with the average size of 29 to 79 nm. Influences of reactant ratios and calcination temperatures on the specific surface area and average particle size were discussed. And the morphology of nanoparticles was investigated by use of field-emission scanning electron microscope.
Research on Metallic Silicon Used as Lithium Ion Battery Anode Material
Authors: Zhang Rui , Li An , Zhang Lei , Jiang Xun Yong
Published: February 2012

In this research, metallic silicon was used as anode material of lithium ion batteries. Electrochemical lithium storage property of metallic silicon was studied which is compared with pure silicon. The results show that for different content of electrical conductors in electrode, the first discharging and charging specific capacity of metallic silicon is similar to pure silicon. The attenuation on capacity of metallic silicon is slower than pure silicon. The lithium storage mechanism of metallic silicon is similar with pure silicon. The testing results of metallic silicon under different charging and discharging rate show that the lithium storage property of metallic silicon is better under lower charging and discharging rate.
Research Progress on Ultraviolet Resistance Performance of PMIA Fiber
Authors: Wu Shao Gui , Zhou Jun , Fan Ya Ru
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the photodegradation mechanism of PMIA under ultraviolet light is described in detail. Due to the presence of amide groups, the molecular chains are easily to be broken by exposure to ultra-violet light, which leads to the significant drop of the PMIA’s mechanical performance and meanwhile the fiber’s color becomes dark. To improve the UV resistance performance of PMIA, two methods have been discussed. The first method is melt-mixing, by adding UV absorbers to PMIA, such as benzophenone, triazine, benzotriazole and hindered anime etc. These UV absorbers consume the ultraviolet light’s energy and protect polymeric and other light-sensitive materials from degradation by sunlight or UV. The second method is adding monomers with ultraviolet resistance during the polymerization. This is a promising solution allowing better structure stability of PMIA.
The Mean Projected Range and Range Straggling of Er Ions Implanted in 6h Silicon Carbide
Authors: Qin Xi Feng , Wang Hui Ning , Ji Zi Wu , Wang Feng Xiang , Fu Gang
Published: February 2012

Due to the need to reduce electronic device sizes, it is very important to consider the depth distribution of ions implanted into a crystalline target. The mean projected ranges and range straggling for energetic 200-500 keV Er ions implanted in 6H-SiC were measured by means of Rutherford backscattering followed by spectrum analysis. The measured values are compared with Monte Carlo code (SRIM2010) calculations. It has been found that the measured values of the mean projected range RP are good agreement with the SRIM calculated values; for the range straggling ΔRp, the difference between the experiment data and the calculated results is much higher than that of Rp.
Assisted Research and Optimization of the Proper Neural Network Solving the Inverse Kinematics Problem
Authors: Olaru Adrian , Olaru Serban , Paune Dan , Aurel Oprean
Published: February 2012

Finding the better solution of the neural network design to solve the inverse kinematics problem with the minimum of the trajectory errors is very difficult, because there are many variable parameters and many redundant solutions. The presented paper show the assisted research of the influences of some more important parameters to the final end-effector trajectory errors of the proposed neural network model solving the inverse kinematics problem. We were been studied the number of neurons in each layers, the sensitive function for the first and second layer, the magnifier coefficient of the trajectory error, the variable step of the time delay and the position of this block, the different cases of target data and the case when the hidden target data were adjusted. All obtained results were been verified by applying the proper direct kinematics virtual LabVIEW instrumentation. Finally we were obtained one optimal Sigmoid Bipolar Hyperbolic Tangent Neural Network with Time Delay and Recurrent Links (SBHTNN(TDRL)) type, what can be used to solve the inverse kinematics problem with maximum 4% of trajectory errors.
Effects of Different Neutralizing Agents on D-(-)-Lactic Acid Fermentation by Escherichia coli W
Authors: Zhao Jin Fang , Li Kun Peng , Wang Yong Ze , Wang Jin Hua , Zhou Sheng De
Published: February 2012

Effects of NH4OH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2, CaCO3, and a mixture of CaCO3 and NH4OH as neutralizing agents for efficient recovery of lactic acid fermented by Escherichia coli W were investigated. Maximum productivities of lactic acid were 11.3 g/L, 10.7 g/L, 5.5 g/L, 11.9 g/L, and 12.8 g/L respectively. The mixed neutralizing agent of CaCO3 and NH4OH was testified to be better than any single neutralizer used in this study. CaCO3 was the most appropriate neutralizer among the first four neutralizers, which could make lactic acid precipitate in the form of calcium lactate, and facilitate the downstream separation and extraction of lactic acid. Furthermore, it was a slow type of mild neutralizer and had a limited capacity to regulate pH. NH4OH could regulate pH easily, and it was beneficial to cell growth as an additional nitrogen source, thus resulting in a relatively lower lactic acid production.