bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internacionalização na educação superior e mobilidade estudantil: o vai e vem de jovens acadêmicos
Authors: Aguiar Pereira Elisabete Monteiro de , Heinzle Márcia Regina Selpa , Pinto Marialva Moog
Published: May 2017

O texto apresenta relato de uma pesquisa que teve como foco investigar a internacionalização promovida pelos programas de mobilidade estudantil. Considerando a internacionalização um dos aspectos em que a universidade brasileira teve um bom protagonismo nos últimos anos, o texto analisa experiências de estudantes brasileiros que estudaram em outros países e de estudantes africanos que estudaram em Instituições de Educação Superior no sul do Brasil. Serão apresentados apenas dois focos entre os vários pesquisados pelo projeto: a) as motivações que levaram os estudantes a estudar fora do país; b) as dificuldades e desafios encontrados pelos estudantes. O contexto pesquisado foram três Instituições localizadas no sul do Brasil, duas no estado de Santa Catarina e uma no Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram da pesquisa 210 intercambistas, sendo 103 estudantes brasileiros que fizeram
intercâmbio em Instituições estrangeiras e 107 estudantes africanos que estudaram em IES do sul do Brasil. O texto está trabalhado em unidades de análise, sendo as motivações a primeira unidade de análise, dividida em duas categorias: a) aproximação da linguagem materna e a imersão cultural; b) formação acadêmica. Quanto às dificuldades, foram observadas também duas categorias: a) o sentimento de distanciamento e b) a discriminação social. Em relação aos desafios identificou-se questões voltadas para os processos de ensinar e aprender nas IES.
Padronização de processos administrativos: a essência da integração organizacional sob o olhar do profissional de secretariado executivo
Authors: Netto Andréia , Medeiros Loiva
Published: May 2017

O presente trabalho aborda a influência da padronização dos processos administrativos no desenvolvimento da empresa. Apresenta a origem da padronização e seus conceitos, além do conceito de processo, suas características e os métodos que podem ser utilizados para o seu levantamento detalhado. O objetivo é diagnosticar o fluxo de processo dentro do escritório estudado e elaborar uma proposta para a padronização. Para isso, foram feitas entrevistas com os sócios, os coordenadores e os colaboradores, além de observação direta e pesquisa documental. Por meio da análise desse material pôde-se observar que o escritório necessitava padronizar os processos para tornar o fluxo de trabalho mais ágil, diminuir os custos e o estresse dos colaboradores. Dessa forma, foram propostos novos fluxos e procedimentos. Este trabalho aborda também o perfil do analista de processos e a trajetória do profissional de secretariado, ressaltando as características em comum desses dois profissionais, comprovando assim a capacidade do profissional de secretariado em auxiliar a empresa no alcance da padronização.
Editorial
Authors: Matiello Vaz Caroline De Fátima
Published: May 2017

Com satisfação, publicamos mais uma edição do periódico Secretariado Executivo em Revist@. Uma edição modesta em número de publicações, a menor desde sua criação, em 2005, no entanto, com a mesma qualidade de sempre.

O fato de conter apenas três artigos completos na atual edição é algo a ser analisado, afinal, temos tratado tanto de pesquisa e de publicações. Cabe analisar que foram doze trabalhos completos recebidos e encaminhados aos pareceristas para avaliação, sendo que desses, apenas três estavam aptos à publicação. Assim, pode-se afirmar que a qualidade das publicações foi o principal motivo desse modesto número de artigos nesta edição, pois os critérios da produção científica foram seguidos com muito rigor pela equipe de pareceristas e editores.

Esse fato não é motivo de glória, ao contrário, mostra que ainda temos muito a caminhar para a produção científica. Temos a certeza de que os nove trabalhos devolvidos aos autores, não publicados nesta edição, serão melhorados, repensados ou mesmo descartados, mas, sem dúvida, constituíram aprendizado para os autores e, por isso o sentimento de dever cumprido, no que tange às contribuições deste periódico para a área secretarial.

Assim, renovamos os agradecimentos aos membros da equipe editorial, aos
pareceristas, aos revisores, aos autores e leitores que fazem do periódico Secretariado em Revist@ um dos mais consultados na área secretarial. Reforçamos, aqui, nosso compromisso de continuar trabalhando em prol da produção científica em secretariado.

Boa leitura!

Caroline de Fátima Matiello Vaz
Academic Staff Turnover Intention in Madda Walabu University, Bale Zone, South-east Ethiopia
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim Yimer , Kassa Rahel Nega , Tasisa Gemechu Ganfure
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroduction: Employee retention is one of the challenges facing several organizations in both the developed and developing countries of the world. Higher education institutions serve as storehouses of knowledge for nurturing the manpower needs of the nation. Higher education institutions are therefore more dependent on the intellectual and creative abilities and commitment of the academic staff than most other organizations. This therefore makes it critically important to retain this cadre of staff. This research was carried out to determine the prevalence of academic staff turnover intention and the factors contributing for it among Madda Walabu University academic staff.Methods: An institution based cross sectional study design was employed. Two hundred and seventeen  academic staff were selected randomly and interviewed using a structured self-administered questionnaire. An in-depth interview was carried out on six academic staff. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis was used using SPSS version 16. To have a more accurate result, triangulation of quantitative findings and an in-depth interview was used. Results: A total of 217 academicians responded to the questionnaire. One hundred sixty four, (75.6%) respondents intended to leave Madda Walabu University and 24.4% of academic staff intended to retain their position or post. A bad work environment (lack of facilities like offices, chairs, internet and toilets) was the most frequently cited reason for leaving (71.3%) followed by 63.4% due to poor management and leadership and 63.4% due to inadequate salary. Academic staff who had worked five or more years in Madda Walabu University were 4.5 times more likely to leave their  institution [AOR = 4.5, 95% CI: 1.37, 14.9]. Conclusion: The prevalence of academic staff intending to leave was found to be very high and as a result, Madda Walabu University will be in an alarming state of staff turnover. Before this happens, there should be staff retention mechanisms in place to improve the work environment, management and leadership and remuneration methods to retain senior and skilled academicians.
The Influence of Transformational Leadership Style to Performance of Islamic Bank Bank with Work Motivation as a Mediating Variable
Authors: B. L. Muchran , Muchran Muchriady
Published: May 2017

This study aims to examine and analyse the influence of transformational leadership style to performance of Islamic bank Bank with work motivation as a mediating variable. Achievement of objectives of Islamic banking organizations and individuals as well as members of units simultaneously organization is the primary task of a leader. A leader can influence his followers are required to execute commands without using coercion, so that subordinates voluntarily behave and perform as demanded by the organization through referrals leaders. Transformational leadership not only recognizes the needs of subordinates, but also trying to trying to improve the needs of lower levels to higher levels to the level established. The sample of this research was Islamic Bank Employees on South Sulawesi. Repeated measure t-test was used to analyse the data in which the significance was determined by p<0.05. The result showed that Transformational Leadership Style to Work Motivation significant effect. Transformational leadership style to performance of Islamic bank showed no significant effect. Work motivation to performance of Islamic bank showed no significant effect.
Essential oils and their components as an alternative in the control of mosquito vectors of disease
Authors: Ochoa Sergio Andrade , Sánchez-Torres Luvia E. , Nevárez-Moorillón Guadalupe Virginia , Camacho Alejandro D. , Nogueda-Torres Benjamín
Published: May 2017

Más de la mitad de la población humana está expuesta a contraer infecciones transmitidas por los mosquitos. El cambio climático y la aparición de cepas resistentes a los insecticidas tradicionalmente utilizados, han motivado la búsqueda de nuevos agentes capaces de controlar las poblaciones de mosquitos. Los aceites esenciales han resultado ser eficaces agentes repelentes y larvicidas. El objetivo de la presente revisión es denotar las investigaciones llevadas a cabo en los últimos años sobre la actividad larvicida de los aceites esenciales y sus constituyentes contra mosquitos de los géneros Aedes, Anopheles y Culex, así como exhibir los últimos reportes sobre su posible mecanismo de acción.
Transcriptome sequencing and SNP detection in Phoebe chekiangensis
Authors: He Bing , Li Yingang , Ni Zhouxian , Xu Li-an
Published: May 2017

Background

Phoebe chekiangensis is a rare tree species that is only distributed in south-eastern China. Although this species is famous for its excellent wood properties, it has not been extensively studied at the molecular level.

Results

Here, the transcriptome of P. chekiangensis was sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology, and 75,647 transcripts with 48,011 unigenes were assembled and annotated. In addition, 162,938 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were predicted and 25 were further validated using the Sanger method.

Conclusion

The currently available SNP prediction software packages showed low levels of correspondence when compared. The transcriptome and SNPs will contribute to the exploration of P. chekiangensis genetic resources and the understanding of its molecular mechanisms.
Sound velocity of liquid Fe‐Ni‐S at high pressure
Authors: Kawaguchi Saori I. , Nakajima Yoichi , Hirose Kei , Komabayashi Tetsuya , Ozawa Haruka , Tateno Shigehiko , Kuwayama Yasuhiro , Tsutsui Satoshi , Baron Alfred Q. R.
Published: May 2017

The sound velocity of liquid Fe47Ni28S25 and Fe63Ni12S25 was measured up to 52 GPa/2480 K in externally resistance‐heated and laser‐heated diamond‐anvil cells using high‐resolution inelastic X‐ray scattering. From these experimental data, we obtained the elastic parameters of liquid Fe47Ni28S25, KS0 = 96.1 ± 2.7 GPa and KS0′ = 4.00 ± 0.13, where KS0 and KS0′ are the adiabatic bulk modulus and its pressure derivative at 1 bar, when the density is fixed at ρ0 = 5.62 ± 0.09 g/cm3 for 1 bar and 2000 K. With these parameters, the sound velocity and density of liquid Fe47Ni28S25 were calculated to be 8.41 ± 0.17 km/s and 8.93 ± 0.19 to 9.10 ± 0.18 g/cm3, respectively, at the core mantle boundary conditions of 135 GPa and 3600–4300 K. These values are 9.4% higher and 17–18% lower than those of pure Fe, respectively. Extrapolation of measurements and comparison with seismological models suggest the presence of 5.8–7.5 wt % sulfur in the Earth's outer core if it is the only light element.
Contribution of Ligand Oxidation Products to High Durability of Copper Films Prepared from Low‐Sintering‐Temperature Copper Ink on Polymer Substrates
Authors: Akiyama Yusuke , Sugiyama Tomonori , Kawasaki Hideya
Published: May 2017

In electronic printing, ensuring high durability of sintered copper films on flexible substrates to obtain environmental stability and mechanical flexibility has become the most important task from a practical standpoint. In the study reported here, the authors develop solution synthesis of 2‐amino‐2‐ethyl‐1,3‐propanediol (AEP)‐protected copper nanoparticles (AEP–Cu NPs) with sizes of 3–8 nm in ethylene glycol, where the Cu NPs are stabilized via the metallacyclic coordination stability of the AEP ligands. The sintered Cu film exhibits a resistivity of 50 μΩ cm−1 after heating at 150 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Most importantly, the resulting Cu films on the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates show excellent durability in terms of bending and adhesion without requiring any additives like nanotubes and nanowires. Furthermore, the authors successfully demonstrated the high environmental stability of the resulting Cu film even after it is exposed to harsh environmental conditions (RH 80%, 60 °C) for 1 month. The environmental durability is further improved by utilizing a composite ink of AEP–Cu NPs with copper microflakes. It is experimentally proven that oxidation products from AEP ligands originating in the sintering process contributed to the high durability of sintered copper films on flexible substrates.
Modulating the Ferromagnet/Molecule Spin Hybridization Using an Artificial Magnetoelectric
Authors: Studniarek Michał , Cherifi‐Hertel Salia , Urbain Etienne , Halisdemir Ufuk , Arras Rémi , Taudul Beata , Schleicher Filip , Hervé Marie , Lambert Charles‐Henri , Hamadeh Abbass , Joly Loïc , Scheurer Fabrice , Schmerber Guy , Da Costa Victor , Warot‐Fonrose Bénédicte , Marcelot Cécile , Mauguin Olivia , Largeau Ludovic , Leduc Florian , Choueikani Fadi , Otero Edwige , Wulfhekel Wulf , Arabski Jacek , Ohresser Philippe , Weber Wolfgang , Beaurepaire Eric , Boukari Samy , Bowen Martin
Published: May 2017

Spin‐polarized charge transfer at the interface between a ferromagnetic (FM) metal and a molecule can lead to ferromagnetic coupling and to a high spin polarization at room temperature. The magnetic properties of these interfaces can not only alter those of the ferromagnet but can also stabilize molecular spin chains with interesting opportunities toward quantum computing. With the aim to enhance an organic spintronic device's functionality, external control over this spin polarization may thus be achieved by altering the ferromagnet/molecule interface's magnetic properties. To do so, the magnetoelectric properties of an underlying ferroelectric/ferromagnetic interface are utilized. Switching the ferroelectric polarization state of a PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 (PZT) bottom layer within a PZT/Co/FePc‐based (Pc ‐ phthalocyanine) device alters the X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism of the Fe site within the phthalocyanine molecular top layer. Thus, how to electrically alter the magnetic properties of an interface with high spin polarization at room temperature is demonstrated. This expands electrical control over spin‐polarized FM/molecule interfaces, which is first demonstrated using ferroelectric molecules, to all molecular classes.
Atomic Structure and Chemistry of Self‐Assembled Nanopillar Composite Oxides
Authors: Ma Xiumei , Liao Zhaoliang , Li Lin , Gao Peng
Published: May 2017

Artificial engineered thin films consisting of (LaSr)(MnV)O3 matrix and columnar nanocomposites oxides are deposited on single‐crystal LaAlO3 (111) substrates by using La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 and V2O3 targets. The epitaxial grown (LaSr)(MnV)O3 thin‐film matrix is embedded with self‐assembled MnO and V2O3 columns with a few nanometers in size. The atomic structure, chemistry, and electronic properties of columnar nanocomposite are determined and the bonding between the matrix and nanopillars is identified by using atomically resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy.
Unidirectionally Crystallized Stable n‐Type Organic Thin‐Film Transistors Based on Solution‐Processable Donor–Acceptor Compounds
Authors: Shibata Yosei , Tsutsumi Jun'ya , Matsuoka Satoshi , Minemawari Hiromi , Arai Shunto , Kumai Reiji , Hasegawa Tatsuo
Published: May 2017

Thin‐film formation by solution‐shearing technique is examined for layered‐crystalline donor–acceptor charge‐transfer compounds composed of 2,7‐dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene as a donor and optionally fluorinated derivatives of tetracyanoquinodimethane (n = 0, 2, 4) as acceptors. Polycrystalline thin films of the compounds whose crystalline size is over 2 mm along the blade‐scan axis are successfully fabricated, and the formed films demonstrate anisotropic alignment of the crystalline grains where the crystal a‐axis with the largest transfer integral is parallel to the blade‐scan axis. Such anisotropic alignment of large crystalline grains affords air‐stable n‐type field‐effect operation with a mobility as high as 0.61 cm2 V−1 s−1 which is comparable to that of the single‐crystal devices.
Cover Image, Volume 11, Issue 3
Authors: Zhao Xuebing , Li Siming , Wu Ruchun , Liu Dehua
Published: May 2017

The cover image, by Xuebing Zhao et al., is based on the Review Organosolv fractionating pre‐treatment of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient enzymatic saccharification: chemistry, kinetics, and substrate structures, DOI: 10.1002/bbb.1768.

image
Reducing Macro‐ and Microheterogeneity of N‐Glycans Enables the Crystal Structure of the Lectin and EGF‐Like Domains of Human L‐Selectin To Be Solved at 1.9 Å Resolution
Authors: Wedepohl Stefanie , Dernedde Jens , Vahedi‐Faridi Ardeschir , Tauber Rudolf , Saenger Wolfram , Bulut Haydar
Published: May 2017

L‐Selectin, a cell‐adhesion receptor on the surface of most leukocytes, contains seven N‐glycosylation sites. In order to obtain the crystal structure of human L‐selectin, we expressed a shortened version of L‐selectin comprising the C‐type lectin and EGF‐like domains (termed LE) and systematically analysed mutations of the three glycosylation sites (Asn22, Asn66 and Asn139) in order to reduce macroheterogeneity. After we further removed microheterogeneity, we obtained crystals that diffracted X‐rays up to 1.9 Å from a variant (LE010) with exchanges N22Q and N139Q and one GlcNAc2Man5 N‐glycan chain attached to Asn66. Crystal‐structure analysis showed that the terminal mannose of GlcNAc2Man5 of one LE010 molecule was coordinated to Ca2+ in the binding site of a symmetry‐related LE010. The orientation of the lectin and EGF‐like domain was similar to the described “bent” conformation of E‐ and P‐selectins. The Ca2+‐binding site reflects the binding mode seen in E‐ and P‐selectin structures co‐crystallised with ligands.
FSCN1 is upregulated by SNAI2 and promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Lei , Jia YaoPeng , Jiang ZengYu , Gao Wei , Wang BinQuan
Published: May 2017

In this study, we investigated whether there is any association between the expression of FSCN1 and SNAI2 and the possible underlying mechanisms in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). In addition, we also investigated whether FSCN1 modulates epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HNSC cells. Microarray data of dysregulated genes in HNSC were searched in GEO datasets. The association between FSCN1 expression and the 5‐year/10‐year overall survival (OS), as well as the correlation between the expression of FSCN1 and SOX2, MYBL2, SNAI2, STAT1, and SOX4, was analyzed based on data in TCGA HNSC cohort (TCGA‐HNSC). The binding site of SNAI2 in FSCN1 promoter was verified using luciferase reporter assay. SCC9 and SCC15 cells were transfected with pCMV‐SNAI2 or pCMV‐FSCN1 expression vector or the empty control. Alteration of E‐cadherin, Claudin 1, Vimentin, and N‐cadherin was then quantified. Our results showed that FSCN1 is significantly upregulated in HNSC tissues compared with the normal control tissues. High FSCN1 expression is associated with worse 5‐year and 10‐year OS among the HNSC patients. Bioinformatic prediction showed a highly possible SNAI2 binding site in FSCN1 promoter and following luciferase reporter assay verified this site. SNAI2 overexpression significantly increased FSCN1 expression at both mRNA and protein level. FSCN1 overexpression reduced the expression of E‐cadherin and Claudin 1, but increased the expression of Vimentin and N‐cadherin in SCC9 and SCC‐15 cells. Therefore, we infer that FSCN1 is a downstream effector of SNAI2 in promoting EMT in HNSC cells.
Dollars and stents: A brave new world
Authors: Krishnan Sandeep K. , Dean Larry S.
Published: May 2017

Key Points

Reimbursement in the healthcare system is shifting from pure volume to a mixed volume/value‐based metric.

Using complex statistical modeling to adjust for unknowns, the study provides real world data that the use of Co‐Cr EES is more cost effective than BMS assuming that clinicians select clopidogrel for P2Y12 inhibition.

More cost‐effectiveness analyses should be conducted to guide the use of ever costlier novel medical devices and drugs.
Low Gradient, “Dismal” Outcome TAVR: Should We?
Authors: Butman Samuel M.
Published: May 2017

Key Points

Low gradient (<40 mm) aortic valve stenosis (AVA < 1.0 cm2) outcomes with TAVR are worse than when gradients are > 40 mm Hg.

Concomitant coronary disease, older age, presence of diabetes, and lower ejection fraction in patients with low gradient aortic valve stenosis account for the poorer outcome after TAVR.

Historically, similar results have been seen with surgical AVR.
How Can Methanol Dehydrogenase from Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum Work with the Alien CeIII Ion in the Active Center? A Theoretical Study
Authors: Prejanò Mario , Marino Tiziana , Russo Nino
Published: May 2017

Lanthanides are an example of nonbiogenic metal species and have been widely used in crystallographic and spectroscopic studies to probe Mg2+/Ca2+ binding sites in metalloproteins by replacing the native cofactor. Recently, a methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) enzyme containing cerium ion in the active site has been isolated from Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum bacterium. With the aim to highlight as metal ion substitution can be reflected in catalytic mechanism, a comparative DFT study between Ca‐ and Ce‐MDH has been undertaken. The obtained potential energy surfaces (PES), for two considered reaction mechanisms (named A and B), indicate mechanism A (addition‐elimination and protonation processes) as the favored for both the enzymes and show as the barrier for the rate‐determining step of Ce‐MDH requires 19.4 kcal mol−1.
Triggered and Tunable Hydrogen Sulfide Release from Photogenerated Thiobenzaldehydes
Authors: Xiao Zeyun , Bonnard Thomas , Shakouri‐Motlagh Aida , Wylie Ross A. L. , Collins Joe , White Jonathan , Heath Daniel E. , Hagemeyer Christoph E. , Connal Luke A.
Published: May 2017

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been identified as an important cell‐signaling mediator and has a number of biological functions, such as vascular smooth muscle relaxation, neurotransmission, and regulation of inflammation. A facile and versatile approach for H2S production initiated by light irradiation and controlled by reaction with an amine or an amino acid was developed. The donor was synthesized in a one‐pot reaction, and simple crystallization led to a yield of approximately 90 %. The synthetic strategy is scalable and versatile, and the H2S donors can be expressed ina number of different molecular and macromolecular forms, including crystalline small‐molecule compounds, water‐soluble polymers, polystyrene films, and hydrogels. The H2S donors based on polystyrene film and hydrogel were used as cell‐culture scaffolds. The H2S donor based on water‐soluble polymer was applied in photocontrolled inhibition of P‐selectin expression on human platelets and subsequent regulation of platelet aggregation. This study provides the simplest controllable H2S source to study its biological functions. The developed materials are also new therapeutic platforms to deliver H2S, as there is no accumulation of toxic byproducts, and the donor materials from polystyrene films and hydrogels can be readily removed after releasing H2S.
Barrington's nucleus: Neuroanatomic landscape of the mouse “pontine micturition center”
Authors: Verstegen Anne M. J. , Vanderhorst Veronique , Gray Paul A. , Zeidel Mark L. , Geerling Joel C.
Published: May 2017

Barrington's nucleus (Bar) is thought to contain neurons that trigger voiding and thereby function as the “pontine micturition center.” Lacking detailed information on this region in mice, we examined gene and protein markers to characterize Bar and the neurons surrounding it. Like rats and cats, mice have an ovoid core of medium‐sized Bar neurons located medial to the locus coeruleus (LC). Bar neurons express a GFP reporter for Vglut2, develop from a Math1/Atoh1 lineage, and exhibit immunoreactivity for NeuN. Many neurons in and around this core cluster express a reporter for corticotrophin‐releasing hormone (BarCRH). Axons from BarCRH neurons project to the lumbosacral spinal cord and ramify extensively in two regions: the dorsal gray commissural and intermediolateral nuclei. BarCRH neurons have unexpectedly long dendrites, which may receive synaptic input from the cerebral cortex and other brain regions beyond the core afferents identified previously. Finally, at least five populations of neurons surround Bar: rostral‐dorsomedial cholinergic neurons in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; lateral noradrenergic neurons in the LC; medial GABAergic neurons in the pontine central gray; ventromedial, small GABAergic neurons that express FoxP2; and dorsolateral glutamatergic neurons that express FoxP2 in the pLC and form a wedge dividing Bar from the dorsal LC. We discuss the implications of this new information for interpreting existing data and future experiments targeting BarCRH neurons and their synaptic afferents to study micturition and other pelvic functions.
Insecure attachment and maladaptive schema in disordered eating: The mediating role of rejection sensitivity
Authors: De Paoli Tara , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Krug Isabel
Published: May 2017

Aim

The current study aimed to assess insecure attachment and the disconnection and rejection domain of maladaptive schema in the context of disordered eating. Rejection sensitivity (RS) was proposed as a mediator between maladaptive schema and disordered eating.

Method

The sample consisted of 108 female participants with a lifetime eating disorder diagnosis and 508 female control participants. Participants were asked to complete a number of self‐report measures related to insecure attachment (anxious and avoidant), maladaptive schema (emotional deprivation, abandonment, mistrust, social isolation, and defectiveness), RS (interpersonal and appearance‐based), and disordered eating.

Results

Path analysis indicated that anxious attachment was associated with disordered eating through multiple pathways involving emotional deprivation, abandonment, interpersonal RS, and appearance‐based RS. Avoidant attachment was not related to disordered eating behaviours.

Conclusion

The results indicate that both interpersonal and appearance‐based RS are important mediators for the relationships between insecure attachment, maladaptive schema, and disordered eating.

Key Practitioner Message

The results from the current study suggest that insecure attachment leads to maladaptive schema, which in turn leads to sensitivity to rejection and subsequent disordered eating behaviour.

Attachment anxiety, but not attachment avoidance, was related to greater endorsement of all five schemas in the disconnection and rejection domain.

Path analysis revealed that, of the schema in the disconnection and rejection domain, only emotional deprivation and abandonment were related to disordered eating.

Interpersonal and appearance‐based rejection sensitivity were significant mediators of the relationship between emotional deprivation and disordered eating as well as the relationship between abandonment and disordered eating.

Differentiating between schemas within schema domains has clinical value in further understanding the pathway to disordered eating.

The schemas of emotional deprivation and abandonment are implicated in disordered eating, suggesting the need to target these schemas in schema therapy.
Causal mechanisms of soil organic matter decomposition: deconstructing salinity and flooding impacts in coastal wetlands
Authors: Stagg Camille L. , Schoolmaster Donald R. , Krauss Ken W. , Cormier Nicole , Conner William H.
Published: May 2017

Coastal wetlands significantly contribute to global carbon storage potential. Sea‐level rise and other climate‐change‐induced disturbances threaten coastal wetland sustainability and carbon storage capacity. It is critical that we understand the mechanisms controlling wetland carbon loss so that we can predict and manage these resources in anticipation of climate change. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms that control soil organic matter decomposition, in particular the impacts of elevated salinity, are limited, and literature reports are contradictory. In an attempt to improve our understanding of these complex processes, we measured root and rhizome decomposition and developed a causal model to identify and quantify the mechanisms that influence soil organic matter decomposition in coastal wetlands that are impacted by sea‐level rise. We identified three causal pathways: (1) a direct pathway representing the effects of flooding on soil moisture, (2) a direct pathway representing the effects of salinity on decomposer microbial communities and soil biogeochemistry, and (3) an indirect pathway representing the effects of salinity on litter quality through changes in plant community composition over time. We used this model to test the effects of alternate scenarios on the response of tidal freshwater forested wetlands and oligohaline marshes to short‐ and long‐term climate‐induced disturbances of flooding and salinity. In tidal freshwater forested wetlands, the model predicted less decomposition in response to drought, hurricane salinity pulsing, and long‐term sea‐level rise. In contrast, in the oligohaline marsh, the model predicted no change in response to drought and sea‐level rise, and increased decomposition following a hurricane salinity pulse. Our results show that it is critical to consider the temporal scale of disturbance and the magnitude of exposure when assessing the effects of salinity intrusion on carbon mineralization in coastal wetlands. Here, we identify three causal mechanisms that can reconcile disparities between long‐term and short‐term salinity impacts on organic matter decomposition.
Prediction‐based adaptive compositional model for seasonal time series analysis
Authors: Chang Kun , Chen Rong , Fomby Thomas B.
Published: May 2017

In this paper we propose a new class of seasonal time series models, based on a stable seasonal composition assumption. With the objective of forecasting the sum of the next ℓ observations, the concept of rolling season is adopted and a structure of rolling conditional distributions is formulated. The probabilistic properties, estimation and prediction procedures, and the forecasting performance of the model are studied and demonstrated with simulations and real examples.
Ermittlung von 3D‐Gebirgsspannungszuständen für den Brenner Basistunnel
Authors: Braun Roland , Reinhold Chris
Published: May 2017

Im Artikel sind die Ergebnisse von In‐situ‐Spannungsanalysen im Bereich von drei Erkundungsbohrungen des Brenner Basistunnels vorgestellt. Diese basieren auf den direkten Bestimmungen des kompletten 3D‐Gebirgsspannungszustands mit Racos (Rock anisotropy characterisation on rock samples) und der minimalen Spannungskomponente mit hydraulischen Fracs sowie ergänzenden analytischen und numerischen Berechnungen. Im nördlichen Abschnitt wurde eine tektonische Seitenverschiebung mit der größten Spannungskomponente in N‐S festgestellt. Im mittleren Tunnelbereich entsprechen die (deutlich von vertikal‐horizontal abweichenden) In‐situ‐Spannungen einem Übergang zwischen tektonischer Abschiebung und Seitenverschiebung mit starker N‐S‐Kompression. Weiter südlich wurde eine tektonische Aufschiebung mit näherungsweise N‐S‐wirkender maximaler Spannungskomponente und vertikalhorizontaler Ausrichtung festgestellt. Die Orientierungen aller maximalen horizontalen Spannungsmagnituden entsprechen (übereinstimmend mit der World Stress Map) einem einheitlichen, großräumigen, tektonischen Spannungsfeld mit einer N‐S‐ bis NNW‐SSO‐Ausrichtung senkrecht zum Alpenbogen. Die festgestellten geringen Unterschiede zwischen den totalen und effektiven in‐situ‐Belastungen verdeutlichen vernachlässigbare mechanische Porendruckwirkungen in den analysierten Bereichen. Insgesamt zeigt sich (bei akkurater Berücksichtigung der jeweiligen räumlichen Ausrichtungen) eine gute Übereinstimmung der mit unterschiedlichen Verfahren ermittelten In‐situ‐Spannungen.
Large‐scale network organization of EEG functional connectivity in newborn infants
Authors: Tóth Brigitta , Urbán Gábor , Háden Gábor P. , Márk Molnár , Török Miklós , Stam Cornelis Jan , Winkler István
Published: May 2017

The organization of functional brain networks changes across human lifespan. The present study analyzed functional brain networks in healthy full‐term infants (N = 139) within 1–6 days from birth by measuring neural synchrony in EEG recordings during quiet sleep. Large‐scale phase synchronization was measured in six frequency bands with the Phase Lag Index. Macroscopic network organization characteristics were quantified by constructing unweighted minimum spanning tree graphs. The cortical networks in early infancy were found to be significantly more hierarchical and had a more cost‐efficient organization compared with MST of random control networks, more so in the theta and alpha than in other frequency bands. Frontal and parietal sites acted as the main hubs of these networks, the topological characteristics of which were associated with gestation age (GA). This suggests that individual differences in network topology are related to cortical maturation during the prenatal period, when functional networks shift from strictly centralized toward segregated configurations. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4019–4033, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Beyond the Single Organization: Inside Insights From Gaining Access for Large Multiorganization Survey HRD Research
Authors: Saunders Mark N. K. , Gray David E. , Bristow Alexandra
Published: May 2017

Gaining physical access to potential respondents is crucial to human resource development (HRD) survey research. Yet a review of the HRD, human resource management, and best‐selling business and management research methods texts in the United States, and United Kingdom reveals that, even where the process of gaining access is discussed and its cruciality stressed, inside accounts and insights regarding the daunting and problematic nature and its impact on data collected are rarely emphasized. More specialist methods literature, although outlining some potential issues, again offers few insights into the actual realities likely to be faced in the real world. Consideration of recent articles in HRD journals highlights also that, despite the widespread use of surveys, often via the Internet, such issues of physical access are rarely mentioned, reporting at best merely summarizing from whom and how data were obtained. We speak to this problem by offering two inside accounts of multiorganization research studies utilizing a survey strategy and Internet questionnaire, where gaining access to people across a large number of organizations threw up many challenges. These accounts offer clear insights into the issues and implications for rigor associated with gaining access when undertaking Internet surveys using both purchased lists (databases) and volunteer panels. In particular, they highlight the importance of recognizing that gaining access is often problematic, and provide a context for our recommendations for research practice, thereby assisting the mitigation of potential problems.
Exploring Discrimination on the Basis of International Experience: The Colonial Mindset Bias in the Context Of Pakistan
Authors: Bano Ayesha , Nadeem Sadia
Published: May 2017

Discrimination in the labor market has historically been associated with gender, race, ethnicity, and age. This article introduces another basis of discrimination—international experience—which may exist in developing countries because of a colonial mindset. The research is an exploratory study, based on an analysis of in‐depth semistructured interviews with 8 HR managers, 19 employees with international experience, and 24 employees without international experience (N = 51) working in the oil and gas and telecom sectors of Pakistan. Results indicate some initial evidence of a bias, and hence discrimination during recruitment for entry‐level positions. Findings also indicate that international experience may contribute to enhanced employment opportunities, career progress, and higher compensation at senior‐level leadership positions, leaving those without such experience at a disadvantage. While in some cases international experience may be a genuine occupational requirement (GOR), further research is needed to identify whether this is in fact a GOR for senior level positions in all types of organizations or indirect discrimination under the guise of GOR. Recommendations for HR managers and organizational leaders are also set out, which can be applied in practice to foster equality of opportunity in the workplace. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Variants of biculturalism in migrant and host adolescents living in Italy and Spain: Testing the importance of life domains through the Relative Acculturation Extended Model
Authors: Mancini Tiziana , Navas Marisol , López‐Rodríguez Lucia , Bottura Benedetta
Published: May 2017

Several variants of biculturalism have recently been proposed (Schwartz, Birman, Benet‐Martínez, & Unger, 2016). Nevertheless, few studies have identified different types of bicultural individuals, and no one has addressed the possibility that these types could depend on acculturation domains. By using the Relative Acculturation Extended Model (RAEM), this study aimed to explore if different variants of biculturalism could be individuated, and if some of these variants were sensitive to life domains. Four samples of migrant and host adolescents living in Italy (n = 173 and n = 186) and Spain (n = 139 and n = 156) answered a questionnaire about acculturation perceptions and preferences in central and peripheral life domains. Together with acculturation options consistent with Berry's (1997) model (full‐assimilation, full‐separation and full‐marginalisation), some variants of biculturalism emerged from the latent class analysis: full‐high and full‐low integration, which were not sensitive to life domains; and “alternate” acculturation options that were sensitive to life domains, with participants switching from their original culture to the host culture according to the peripheral and central domains. Acculturation options varied across the four samples, with Italians switching more from one culture to another, and Spanish adolescents being more full‐high or full‐low integrated.
MicroRNA‐224‐5p regulates adipocyte apoptosis induced by TNFα via controlling NF‐κB activation
Authors: Qi Renli , Huang Jinxiu , Wang Qi , Liu Hong , Wang Ruisheng , Wang Jing , Yang Feiyun
Published: May 2017

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α can induce cell apoptosis and activate nuclear transcription (NF)‐κB in different cell types. Activated NF‐κB further promotes or suppresses cellular apoptosis in different cases. The present study explored the effect of activated NF‐κB on adipocyte apoptosis induced by TNFα and which microRNAs (miRNAs) were involved in the process. Our findings demonstrated that treatment of differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes with TNFα (20 ng/mL) rapidly activated NF‐κB and induced moderate apoptosis. Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic acid (PDTC, 60 µM), a specific NF‐κB inhibitor, abated NF‐κB activation that rendered the adipocytes vulnerable to TNFα‐induced apoptosis. Dozens of miRNAs exhibited significant expression changes following TNFα treatment and the addition of PDTC. In which, miRNA‐224‐5p (miR‐224) was up‐regulated by TNFα exposure but down‐regulated by PDTC addition. Furthermore, over‐expression of miR‐224 promoted NF‐κB activation and prevented the adipocyte apoptosis induced by TNFα, while miR‐224 deficiency showed the opposite effects. The TRAF‐associated NF‐κB activator (TANK) gene was identified as a direct target of miR‐224 by computational and luciferase reporter assays. Additionally, silencing the TANK gene by the small interfering RNA similarly promoted NF‐κB activation and attenuated the cellular apoptosis. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that miR‐224 plays an essential role in adipocyte apoptosis caused by TNFα through control of NF‐κB activation via targeting the TANK gene.
Antitumoral potential, antioxidant activity and carotenoid content of two Southern Italy tomato cultivars extracts: San Marzano and Corbarino
Authors: Barone Daniela , Cito Letizia , Tommonaro Giuseppina , Abate Agnese A. , Penon Danila , De Prisco Rocco , Penon Antonella , Forte Iris M. , Benedetti Elisabetta , Cimini Annamaria , Indovina Paola , Nicolaus Barbara , Pentimalli Francesca , Giordano Antonio
Published: May 2017

Gastric cancer represents a diffuse and aggressive neoplasm, whose mortality index is among the highest in the world. Predisposing factors are E‐cadherin mutations, Helicobacter pylori infection, and a diet rich in salted and smoked food, with a low intake of fresh fruits and vegetables. Here, we analyzed the effect of total lipophilic extracts of two Southern Italy tomato varieties, San Marzano and Corbarino, on an in vitro model of gastric cancer, YCC‐1, YCC‐2 and YCC‐3 cell lines, characterized by different aggressiveness. Our results showed a possible role of these two varieties of tomatoes against typical neoplastic features. The treatment with tomato extracts affected cancer cell ability to grow both in adherence and in semisolid medium, reducing also cell migration ability. No toxic effects were observed on non‐tumoral cells. We found, on gastric cancer cell lines, effects on both cell cycle progression and apoptosis modulation. The extent of antineoplastic effects, however, did not seem to correlate with the carotenoid content and antioxidant activity of the two tomato varieties. Our data indicate that San Marzano and Corbarino intake might be further considered as nutritional support not only in cancer prevention, but also for cancer patient diet.
Involvement of the Warburg effect in non‐tumor diseases processes
Authors: Chen Zhe , Liu Meiqing , Li Lanfang , Chen Linxi
Published: May 2017

Warburg effect, as an energy shift from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, is extensively found in various cancers. Interestingly, increasing researchers show that Warburg effect plays a crucial role in non‐tumor diseases. For instance, inhibition of Warburg effect can alleviate pulmonary vascular remodeling in the process of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Interference of Warburg effect improves mitochondrial function and cardiac function in the process of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Additionally, the Warburg effect induces vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and contributes to atherosclerosis. Warburg effect may also involve in axonal damage and neuronal death, which are related with multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, Warburg effect significantly promotes cell proliferation and cyst expansion in polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Besides, Warburg effect relieves amyloid β‐mediated cell death in Alzheimer's disease. And Warburg effect also improves the mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Finally, we also introduce some glycolytic agonists. This review focuses on the newest researches about the role of Warburg effect in non‐tumor diseases, including PH, tuberculosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), failing heart, cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's diseases, multiple sclerosis, and PKD. Obviously, Warburg effect may be a potential therapeutic target for those non‐tumor diseases.
Evaluating historical drought characteristics simulated in CORDEX East Asia against observations
Authors: Um Myoung‐Jin , Kim Yeonjoo , Kim Jeongbin
Published: May 2017

This study aims to understand how well regional climate models (RCMs) reproduce the observed characteristics of droughts based on the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) over East Asia. While RCMs from CORDEX East Asia have been evaluated in terms of the mean and extreme values of precipitation and air temperature in the literature, their performance based on drought characteristics has not been revealed. Therefore, we investigate the temporal characteristics, such as the trend and stationarity, and other drought measures, such as the drought frequency, duration, severity and spatial extent, to determine how well these factors are captured and how they vary among the different models, including four RCMs, their ensemble mean and a driving general circulation model (GCM). The results are compared to a 26‐year observational dataset (1980 to 2005) from APHRODITE. Based on our analyses of the results, the specific findings are as follows. First, based on Mann–Kendall (MK) trend tests, the SPEI shows decreasing trends over the northern part of the domain and no trends in other regions, and these tendencies are captured by a limited number of RCMs. Notably, these trends were not captured by the ensemble mean of RCMs. Second, based on the Phillips–Perron stationarity test, stationarity is dominant in most regions based on both the observations and the RCMs. Third, the frequency decreases with increasing duration in all regions. This tendency is generally captured in the models to varying extents. Fourth, the drought severity decreases with increasing duration in all cases, as expected. However, the drought severity diverges markedly among the RCMs. Finally, estimates of the spatial extent using the RCMs are generally accurate in wet regions but inaccurate in dry regions. Furthermore, the spatial extents of the droughts diverge among the RCMs, and the models fail to accurately capture drought events with large spatial scales.
Visual effects on the subjective visual vertical and subjective postural head vertical during static roll‐tilt
Authors: Tamura Atsushi , Wada Yoshiro , Kurita Akihiro , Matsunobu Takeshi , Inui Takuo , Shiotani Akihiro
Published: May 2017

Objectives

Tilt perception is part of the perception of spatial orientation. It is determined not only by the allocentric gravity axis, but also by a second allocentric axis induced by visual information as well as by the egocentric body (head) axis induced by somatosensory information. The aim of this study was to quantify roll‐tilt perception using the subjective visual vertical (SVV) and the newly developed subjective postural head vertical (SPHV) and to investigate the visual effects on both during static roll‐tilt.

Study Design

Basic science

Methods

Nine male volunteers participated in this study. A flight simulator was used to create several roll‐tilt environments that were then combined with visual information. SVV and SPHV were evaluated in healthy participants during static roll‐tilt.

Results

The SVV evaluation revealed significant differences between the dark condition (control) and other visual conditions with respect to some of the body roll‐tilt environments, and between a body roll‐tilt of 0° and ≥ 20°. The SPHV evaluation revealed a significant difference between the dark condition and the visual condition that was always roll‐tilted 20° to the right of the body axis. However, there were no significant differences in SPHV error between a body roll‐tilt of 0° and other tilt angles for every visual condition, unlike SVV error.

Conclusions

Our data indicate that human susceptibility to spatial disorientation is dependent on roll‐tilt angle and visual information. They also suggest that the SPHV is not affected by roll‐tilt angle, and thus differs from SVV.

Level of Evidence

NA