bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Investigation of Gas Filling and Leaking in Inertial Confinement Fusion Hohlraum
Authors: Yu Cheng , Wu Suchen , Yang Weibo
Published: October 2018

The gas filling and retention of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) hohlraum is an important issue in ICF studies. In this study, a theoretical model of gas filling and leaking processes for ICF hohlraum is developed based on the unified flow theory. The effects of the fill tube size and the filling pressure on the gas filling and leaking performance are investigated. The results indicate that an increase in the variation rate of the filling/leaking pressure leads to a larger maximum pressure difference between the inside and outside of the ICF hohlraum during the filling/leaking process. The critical pressure difference of the filling process is nearly equal to that of the leaking process. Increase in fill tube diameter and decrease in its length both lead to a lower probability of the rupture of polymeric films at two ends of the hohlraum, and thus increases the security of the hohlraum. In addition, a departure in cross sectional shape of fill tube from circle to rectangle triggers an increase in pressure difference between the inside and outside of the ICF hohlraum, which raises the risk of polymeric films rupture and decreases the security of the hohlraum structure.
A Multi-Dimensional Approach of Green Marketing Competitive Advantage: A Perspective of Small Medium and Micro Enterprises from Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Duffett Rodney , Edu Tudor , Haydam Norbert , Negricea Iliuta-Costel , Zaharia Rodica
Published: October 2018

The study focuses on green competitive advantage from a multi-dimensional perspective, investigating the impact of green marketing tools and company descriptive variables on these dimensions. The data were collected from small, medium and micro enterprises (SMME) from Western Cape/South Africa, an area marked by long-term water consumption restrictions. A qualitative approach was considered for variable tailoring to the SMMEs’ peculiarities, followed by a quantitative study, employing a sample of 237 companies, for testing each competitive advantage dimension against the established green marketing tools and company descriptive variables using logistic regressions. Each competitiveness variable was explained by at least one green marketing tool. Donating money and/or allocating time for environmental purposes explained three dependent variables, while selling biodegradable/recycled/refurbished products had an inverse relationship with two of them. Business type and number of operational years had a significant impact on three dimensions. This study enriches the literature by using green competitive advantage dimensions and not a latent factor, analyzing the impact of company descriptive variables as explanatory variables and prompting green strategies for small and medium businesses. The model could be improved by tests in other geographic areas, including green distribution and price variables and other descriptive factors (turnover, responsible investment and internationalization).
Exposing Sustainable Mortars with Nanosilica, Zinc Stearate, and Ethyl Silicate Coating to Sulfuric Acid Attack
Authors: García-Vera Victoria Eugenia , Tenza-Abril Antonio José , Lanzón Marcos , Saval José Miguel
Published: October 2018

Obtaining durable materials that lengthen the service life of constructions and thereby contribute to sustainability requires research into products that improve the durability of cementitious materials under aggressive conditions. This paper studies the effects of sulfuric acid exposure on four mortar types (control mortar, mortar with nanosilica, mortar with zinc stearate, and mortar with an ethyl silicate coating), and evaluates which of them have better performance against the acid attack. After 28 days of curing, the samples were exposed to a sulfuric acid attack by immersing them in a 3% w/w of H2SO4 solution. Physical changes (mass loss, ultrasonic pulse velocity, open porosity, and water absorption), and mechanical changes (compressive strength) were determined after the sulfuric acid exposure. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the surface mortars after the exposure. The control mortar had the highest compressive strength after the acid attack, although of the four types, the zinc stearate mortar showed the lowest percentage of strength loss. The zinc stearate mortar had the lowest mass loss after the acid exposure; moreover, it had the lowest capillary water absorption coefficient (demonstrating its hydrophobic effect) both in a non-aggressive environment and acid attack.
Sustainable Adaptation of New Technology—The Case of Humanoids Used for the Care of Older Adults
Authors: Ejdys Joanna , Halicka Katarzyna
Published: October 2018

Ageing population poses new social, technological, and research challenges. It is anticipated that, by 2080, Poland will be in the group of counties that will have one-third of their population aged over 65. Different strategies aim at dealing with the mentioned demographic challenge, including widespread use of humanoids in the care of older people. As this research was the first of its kind in Poland, this article aims to identify the perceived key benefits that could shape positive attitudes toward humanoids in the care of older people. Based on the specific attributes of a humanoid technology, the model hypothesizes that an attitude toward a technology can be directly shaped by four kinds of perceived benefits, namely an impact on the quality of life, functional aspects, ethical problems, and a social impact. Also, a theoretical model assumes that a user attitude toward a humanoid technology is predicted to have an indirect influence on the future intended use. A survey method was used to collect research data. An electronic questionnaire was used to conduct confidential interviews of Polish citizens. All in all, 643 questionnaires were filled. Results received using structural equation modeling confirmed that the most important factor shaping human attitudes was a perceived social impact received from the use of humanoids in the care of the lonely people and making life more enjoyable for the elderly. Results also confirmed that men had a more positive attitude toward humanoids than women. Among different age groups of respondents, people between 26–40 years of age had the most relatively positive attitude toward humanoids.
Evaluation and Prediction of City Sustainability Using MCDM and Stochastic Simulation Methods
Authors: Yi Pingtao , Li Weiwei , Li Lingyu
Published: October 2018

City sustainability is an important issue in the urbanization process. In this paper, the sustainability of 14 cities in Liaoning province in China is evaluated and predicted. The process of evaluating city sustainability is viewed as a multi-criteria decision-making problem. A simple additive weighting method is used for aggregating the normalized sustainability criteria data, built based on the three-pillar model and the associated weights. The results indicate that although the sustainability of the cities in Liaoning province is not perfect, the cities show better development momentum. For example, only two cities’ (Shenyang and Dalian) average performance scores in 2010–2016 were over 0.5, but all the cities’ sustainability improved in 2016 compared to 2010. We develop a stochastic simulation procedure used for predicting a city’s sustainability in future years. Many prediction results were obtained, including the maximum, minimum, and average performance scores of the cities, the pairwise priority matrix representing the ratio of one city outperforming another, and the ranking of cities’ sustainability with probabilities. The prediction results indicate various degrees of increase for almost all the cities’ sustainability in the future, which is consistent with the judgment of better development momentum determined from the evaluation results. Moreover, the cities of Dandong, Panjin may exceed Shenyang, Dalian, and rank in the top among all the cities in future years.
Toxic Effect of Cigarette Smoke on Brainstem Nicotinic Receptor Expression: Primary Cause of Sudden Unexplained Perinatal Death
Authors: Lavezzi Anna Maria
Published: October 2018

Among the neurotoxicants contained in tobacco smoke, if absorbed during pregnancy, nicotine significantly affects α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which play essential roles in the development of the brainstem regions receiving cholinergic projections in perinatal life. Immunohistochemical procedures for analysing formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded brainstem samples from 68 fetuses and early newborns, with smoking and non-smoking mothers, who died of known and unknown causes, were carried out in order to determine if nicotine had activated the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. High α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression levels were only observed in the victims with smoking mothers. Frequently, these findings were associated with the hypoplasia of the brainstem structures controlling vital functions. The results of this study indicate that the exposition to nicotine in pregnancy exerts a strong direct effect on α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activity especially in perinatal life and may be one of the primary risk factors leading to the sudden unexplained death of fetuses and newborns.
Rapid Construction of a Replication-Competent Infectious Clone of Human Adenovirus Type 14 by Gibson Assembly
Authors: Pan Haibin , Yan Yuqian , Zhang Jing , Zhao Shan , Feng Liqiang , Ou Junxian , Cao Na , Li Min , Zhao Wei , Wan Chengsong , Ismail Ashrafali M. , Rajaiya Jaya , Chodosh James , Zhang Qiwei
Published: October 2018

In 1955, Human adenovirus type 14 (HAdV-B14p) was firstly identified in a military trainee diagnosed as acute respiratory disease (ARD) in the Netherlands. Fifty years later, a genomic variant, HAdV-B14p1, re-emerged in the U.S. and caused large and fatal ARD outbreaks. Subsequently, more and more ARD outbreaks occurred in Canada, the UK, Ireland, and China, in both military and civil settings. To generate a tool for the efficient characterization of this new genomic variant, a full-length infectious genomic clone of HAdV-B14 was successfully constructed using one-step Gibson Assembly method in this study. Firstly, the full genome of HAdV-B14p1 strain GZ01, the first HAdV-B14 isolate in China, was assembled into pBR322 plasmid by Gibson Assembly. The pBRAdV14 plasmid, generated by Gibson Assembly, was analyzed and verified by PCR, restriction enzymes digestion and the sequencing. Secondly, viruses were rescued from pBRAdV14-transfected A549 cells. The integrity of the rescued viruses was identified by restriction enzyme analysis. The complete sequence of the infectious clone was further sequenced. No mutation was found in the infectious clone during the construction when compared with the parental virus and pBR322 sequences. The direct immunofluorescence assay indicated the expression of the hexon protein. Finally, typical virions were observed; the one-step growth curves further showed that the DNA replication and viral reproduction efficiency of pBRAd14 derived viruses was similar with that of wild-type HAdV-B14 strain. The successful construction of the replication-competent infectious clone of pBRAdV14 facilitates the development of vaccine and antiviral drugs against HAdV-B14, as well as provides a novel strategy for rapid construction of infectious viral clones for other large-genome DNA viruses.
Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Insights into the Response to Citrus bark cracking viroid (CBCVd) in Hop (Humulus lupulus L.)
Authors: Mishra Ajay Kumar , Kumar Atul , Mishra Deepti , Nath Vishnu Sukumari , Jakše Jernej , Kocábek Tomáš , Killi Uday Kumar , Morina Filis , Matoušek Jaroslav
Published: October 2018

Viroids are smallest known pathogen that consist of non-capsidated, single-stranded non-coding RNA replicons and they exploits host factors for their replication and propagation. The severe stunting disease caused by Citrus bark cracking viroid (CBCVd) is a serious threat, which spreads rapidly within hop gardens. In this study, we employed comprehensive transcriptome analyses to dissect host-viroid interactions and identify gene expression changes that are associated with disease development in hop. Our analysis revealed that CBCVd-infection resulted in the massive modulation of activity of over 2000 genes. Expression of genes associated with plant immune responses (protein kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase), hypersensitive responses, phytohormone signaling pathways, photosynthesis, pigment metabolism, protein metabolism, sugar metabolism, and modification, and others were altered, which could be attributed to systemic symptom development upon CBCVd-infection in hop. In addition, genes encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, pathogenesis-related protein, chitinase, as well as those related to basal defense responses were up-regulated. The expression levels of several genes identified from RNA sequencing analysis were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Our systematic comprehensive CBCVd-responsive transcriptome analysis provides a better understanding and insights into complex viroid-hop plant interaction. This information will assist further in the development of future measures for the prevention of CBCVd spread in hop fields.
Analysis of Flood Risk of Urban Agglomeration Polders Using Multivariate Copula
Authors: Gao Yuqin , Wang Dongdong , Zhang Zhenxing , Ma Zhenzhen , Guo Zichen , Ye Liu
Published: October 2018

Urban agglomeration polders (UAPs) are often used to control flooding in eastern China. The impacts of UAPs on individual flood events have been extensively examined, but how flood risks are influenced by UAPs is much less examined. This study aimed to explore a three-dimensional joint distribution of annual flood volume, peak flow and water level to examine UAPs’ impact on flood risks based on hydrological simulations. The dependence between pairwise hydrological characteristics are measured by rank correlation coefficients and graphs. An Archimedean Copula is applied to model the dependence structure. This approach is applied to the Qinhuai River Basin where UAPs are used proactively for flood control. The result shows that the Frank Copula can better represent the dependence structure in the Qinhuai River Basin. UAPs increase risks of individual flood characteristics and integrated risks. UAPs have a relatively greater impact on water level than the other two flood characteristics. It is noted that the impact on flood risk levels off for greater floods.
Daily Water Quality Forecast of the South-To-North Water Diversion Project of China Based on the Cuckoo Search-Back Propagation Neural Network
Authors: Shao Dongguo , Nong Xizhi , Tan Xuezhi , Chen Shu , Xu Baoli , Hu Nengjie
Published: October 2018

Water quality forecast is a critical part of water security management. Spatiotemporal and multifactorial variations make water quality very complex and changeable. In this article, a novel model, which was based on back propagation neural network that was optimized by the Cuckoo Search algorithm (hereafter CS-BP model), was applied to forecast daily water quality of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project of China. Nine water quality indicators, including conductivity, chlorophyll content, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic matter, pH, permanganate index, turbidity, total nitrogen, and water temperature were the predictand. Seven external environmental factors, including air temperature, five particulate matter (PM2.5), rainfall, sunshine duration, water flow, wind velocity, and water vapor pressure were the default predictors. A data pre-processing method was applied to select pertinent predictors. The results show that the CS-BP model has the best forecast accuracy, with the Mean Absolute Percentage Errors (MAPE) of 0.004%–0.33%, and the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of each water quality indicator in comparison with traditional Back Propagation (BP) model, General Regression Neural Network model and Particle Swarm Optimization-Back Propagation model under default data proportion, 150:38 (training data: testing data). When training data reduced from 150 to 140, and from 140 to 130, the CS-BP model still produced the best forecasts, with the MAPEs of 0.014%–0.057% and 0.004%–1.154%, respectively. The results show that the CS-BP model can be an effective tool in daily water quality forecast with limited observed data. The improvement of the Cuckoo Search algorithm such as calculation speed, the forecast errors reduction of the CS-BP model, and the large-scale impacts such as land management on different water quality indicators, will be the focus of future research.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROSPECTS OF INDUSTRIAL AREA: A CASE STUDY ON MCIE, INDONESIA
Authors: Sjaifuddin Sjaifuddin
Published: October 2018

In addition to promote economic growth, industrialization had caused negative impacts on the environment. It was required a lot of efforts to overcome negative impacts, although the results were still not as expected. Starting from this condition this research aimed to design an environmental management prospect of Modern Cikande Industrial Estate (MCIE) in Serang, Banten Province, Indonesia. Environmental management prospect designed using a prospective analysis. This technique used to explore various possibilities in the future in environmental management of MCIE based on eco-industrial parks (EIPs). The analysis showed that there were 5 (five) key factors determine the success of environmental management of MCIE: pollution control, investment security, availability of infrastructure, industrial tourism, and competitiveness of industry. The most implementable scenario in MCIE environmental management in the future was the new urbanism. This scenario oriented on the long term balance between economic growth and environmental protection.
New Rotation Period Measurements for M Dwarfs in the Southern Hemisphere: An Abundance of Slowly Rotating, Fully Convective Stars
Authors: Newton Elisabeth R. , Mondrik Nicholas , Irwin Jonathan , Winters Jennifer G. , Charbonneau David
Published: October 2018

Stellar rotation periods are valuable both for constraining models of angular momentum loss and for understanding how magnetic features impact inferences of exoplanet parameters. Building on our previous work in the northern hemisphere, we have used long-term, ground-based photometric monitoring from the MEarth Observatory to measure 234 rotation periods for nearby, southern hemisphere M dwarfs. Notable examples include the exoplanet hosts GJ 1132, LHS 1140, and Proxima Centauri. We find excellent agreement between our data and K2 photometry for the overlapping subset. Among the sample of stars with the highest quality data sets, we recover periods in 66%; as the length of the data set increases, our recovery rate approaches 100%. The longest rotation periods we detect are around 140 days, which we suggest represent the periods that are reached when M dwarfs are as old as the local thick disk (about 9 Gyr).
HATS-59b,c: A Transiting Hot Jupiter and a Cold Massive Giant Planet around a Sun-like Star*
Authors: Sarkis P. , Henning Th. , Hartman J. D. , Bakos G. Á. , Brahm R. , Jordán A. , Bayliss D. , Mancini L. , Espinoza N. , Rabus M. , Csubry Z. , Bhatti W. , Penev K. , Zhou G. , Bento J. , Tan T. G. , Arriagada P. , Butler R. P. , Crane J. D. , Shectman S. , Tinney C. G. , Wright D. J. , Addison B. , Durkan S. , Suc V. , Buchhave L. A. , Val-Borro M. de , Lázár J. , Papp I. , Sári P.
Published: October 2018

We report the first discovery of a multi-planetary system by the HATSouth network, HATS-59b,c, a planetary system with an inner transiting hot Jupiter and an outer cold massive giant planet, which was detected via radial velocity. The inner transiting planet, HATS-59b, is on an eccentric orbit with

, orbiting a

mag solar-like star (

=

and

) with a period of

days. The outer companion, HATS-59c is on a circular orbit with

and a period of 1422 ± 14 days. The inner planet has a mass of

and a radius of

, yielding a density of

. Unlike most planetary systems that include only a single hot Jupiter, HATS-59b,c includes, in addition to the transiting hot Jupiter, a massive outer companion. The architecture of this system is valuable for understanding planet migration.
Radial Velocities from the N2K Project: Six New Cold Gas Giant Planets Orbiting HD 55696, HD 98736, HD 148164, HD 203473, and HD 211810
Authors: Ment Kristo , Fischer Debra A. , Bakos Gaspar , Howard Andrew W. , Isaacson Howard
Published: October 2018

The N2K planet search program was designed to exploit the planet-metallicity correlation by searching for gas giant planets orbiting metal-rich stars. Here, we present the radial velocity measurements for 378 N2K target stars that were observed with the HIRES spectrograph at Keck Observatory between 2004 and 2017. With this data set, we announce the discovery of six new gas giant exoplanets: a double-planet system orbiting HD 148164 (

of 1.23 and 5.16 M
JUP) and single planet detections around HD 55696 (

 = 3.87 M
JUP), HD 98736 (

 =2.33 M
JUP), HD 203473 (

 = 7.8 M
JUP), and HD 211810 (

 = 0.67 M
JUP). These gas giant companions have orbital semimajor axes between 1.0 and 6.2 au and eccentricities ranging from 0.13 to 0.71. We also report evidence for three gravitationally bound companions with

between 20 and 30 M
JUP, placing them in the mass range of brown dwarfs, around HD 148284, HD 214823, and HD 217850, and four low-mass stellar companions orbiting HD 3404, HD 24505, HD 98630, and HD 103459. In addition, we present updated orbital parameters for 42 previously announced planets. We also report a nondetection of the putative companion HD 73256 b. Finally, we highlight the most promising candidates for direct imaging and astrometric detection, and we find that many hot Jupiters from our sample could be detectable by state-of-the-art telescopes such as Gaia.
KMT-2016-BLG-1820 and KMT-2016-BLG-2142: Two Microlensing Binaries Composed of Planetary-mass Companions and Very-low-mass Primaries
Authors: Jung Youn Kil , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Gould Andrew , Han Cheongho , Yee Jennifer C. , Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W.
Published: October 2018

We present the analyses of two short-timescale

microlensing events, KMT-2016-BLG-1820 and KMT-2016-BLG-2142. In both light curves, the brief anomalies were clearly captured and densely covered by the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network survey. From these analyses, we find that both events have small Einstein radii of

, suggesting that the binary-lens systems are composed of very-low-mass components and/or are located much closer to the lensed stars than to Earth. From Bayesian analyses, we find that these binaries have total system masses of

and

, implying that they are well within the very-low-mass regime. The estimated lens-component masses indicate that the binary lenses consist of a giant-planet/brown-dwarf pair (KMT-2016-BLG-1820) and a dark/faint object pair (KMT-2016-BLG-2140) that are located near the deuterium-burning and hydrogen-burning mass limits, respectively. Both lens systems are likely to be in the Galactic disk with estimated distances of about 6 and 7 kpc. The projected lens-components separations are 1.1 and 0.8 au, and the mass ratios are 0.11 and 0.20. These prove that the microlensing method is effective to identify these closely separated very-low-mass binaries having low mass-ratios.
Plausible Home Stars of the Interstellar Object ‘Oumuamua Found in Gaia DR2
Authors: Bailer-Jones Coryn A. L. , Farnocchia Davide , Meech Karen J. , Brasser Ramon , Micheli Marco , Chakrabarti Sukanya , Buie Marc W. , Hainaut Olivier R.
Published: October 2018

The first detected interstellar object, ‘Oumuamua, which passed within 0.25 au of the Sun on 2017 September 9, was presumably ejected from a stellar system. We use its newly determined non-Keplerian trajectory together with the reconstructed Galactic orbits of 7 million stars from Gaia DR2 to identify past close encounters. Such an “encounter” could reveal the home system from which ‘Oumuamua was ejected. The closest encounter, at 0.60 pc (0.53–0.67 pc, 90% confidence interval), was with the M2.5 dwarf HIP 3757 at a relative velocity of 24.7

, 1 Myr ago. A more distant encounter (1.6 pc) but with a lower encounter (ejection) velocity of 10.7

was with the G5 dwarf HD 292249, 3.8 Myr ago. Two more stars have encounter distances and velocities intermediate to these. The encounter parameters are similar across six different non-gravitational trajectories for ‘Oumuamua. The ejection of ‘Oumuamua by scattering from a giant planet in one of the systems is plausible, but requires a rather unlikely configuration to achieve the high velocities found. A binary star system is more likely to produce the observed velocities. None of the four home candidates have published exoplanets or are known to be binaries. Given that the 7 million stars in Gaia DR2 with 6D phase space information is just a small fraction of all stars for which we can eventually reconstruct orbits, it is a priori unlikely that our current search would find ‘Oumuamua’s home star system. As ‘Oumuamua is expected to pass within 1 pc of about 20 stars and brown dwarfs every Myr, the plausibility of a home system also depends on an appropriate (low) encounter velocity.
INSIGHT-HXMT Observations of the New Black Hole Candidate MAXI J1535−571: Timing Analysis
Authors: Huang Y. , Qu J. L. , Zhang S. N. , Bu Q. C. , Chen Y. P. , Tao L. , Zhang S. , Lu F. J. , Li T. P. , Song L. M. , Xu Y. P. , Cao X. L. , Chen Y. , Liu C. Z. , Chang H.-K. , Yu W. F. , Weng S. S. , Hou X. , Kong A. K. H. , Xie F. G. , Zhang G. B. , ZHOU J. F. , Chang Z. , Chen G. , Chen L. , Chen T. X. , Chen Y. B. , Cui W. , Cui W. W. , Deng J. K. , Dong Y. W. , Du Y. Y. , Fu M. X. , Gao G. H. , Gao H. , Gao M. , Ge M. Y. , Gu Y. D. , Guan J. , Gungor C. , Guo C. C. , Han D. W. , Hu W. , Huo J. , Ji J. F. , Jia S. M. , Jiang L. H. , Jiang W. C. , Jin J. , Jin Y. J. , Li B. , Li C. K. , Li G. , Li M. S. , Li W. , Li X. , Li X. B. , Li X. F. , Li Y. G. , Li Z. J. , Li Z. W. , Liang X. H. , Liao J. Y. , Liu G. Q. , Liu H. W. , Liu S. Z. , Liu X. J. , Liu Y. , Liu Y. N. , Lu B. , Lu X. F. , Luo T. , Ma X. , Meng B. , Nang Y. , Nie J. Y. , Ou G. , Sai N. , Shang R. C. , Sun L. , Tan Y. , Tao W. , Tuo Y. L. , Wang G. F. , Wang H. Y. , Wang J. , Wang W. S. , Wang Y. S. , Wen X. Y. , Wu B. B. , Wu M. , Xiao G. C. , Xiong S. L. , Xu H. , Yan L. L. , Yang J. W. , Yang S. , Yang Y. J. , Zhang A. M. , Zhang C. L. , Zhang C. M. , Zhang F. , Zhang H. M. , Zhang J. , Zhang Q. , Zhang T. , Zhang W. , Zhang W. C. , Zhang W. Z. , Zhang Y. , Zhang Y. , Zhang Y. F. , Zhang Y. J. , Zhang Z. , Zhang Z. , Zhang Z. L. , Zhao H. S. , Zhao J. L. , Zhao X. F. , Zheng S. J. , Zhu Y. , Zhu Y. X. , Zou C. L. ,   The Insight-HXMT Collaboration
Published: October 2018

We present X-ray timing results of the new black hole candidate MAXI J1535−571 during its 2017 outburst from Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) observations taken from 2017 September 6 to 23. Following the definitions given by Belloni, we find that the source exhibits transitions from the low/hard state to the hard intermediate state, and eventually to the soft intermediate state. Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) are found in the intermediate states, which suggest different types of QPOs. With the large effective area of Insight-HXMT at high energies, we are able to present the energy dependence of the QPO amplitude and centroid frequency up to 100 keV, which has rarely been explored by previous satellites. We also find that the phase lag at the type-C QPOs centroid frequency is negative (soft lag) and strongly correlated with the centroid frequency. Assuming a geometrical origin of type-C QPOs, the source is consistent with being a high-inclination system.
Old, Metal-poor Extreme Velocity Stars in the Solar Neighborhood*
Authors: Hattori Kohei , Valluri Monica , Bell Eric F. , Roederer Ian U.
Published: October 2018

We report the discovery of 30 stars with extreme space velocities (≳480

) in the Gaia-DR2 archive. These stars are a subset of 1743 stars with high-precision parallax, large tangential velocity (v
tan > 300

), and measured line-of-sight velocity in DR2. By tracing the orbits of the stars back in time, we find at least one of them is consistent with having been ejected by the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center. Another star has an orbit that passed near the Large Magellanic Cloud about 200 Myr ago. Unlike previously discovered blue hypervelocity stars, our sample is metal-poor (−1.5 < [Fe/H] < −1.0) and quite old (>1

). We discuss possible mechanisms for accelerating old stars to such extreme velocities. The high observed space density of this population, relative to potential acceleration mechanisms, implies that these stars are probably bound to the Milky Way (MW). If they are bound, the discovery of this population would require a local escape speed of around ∼600

and consequently imply a virial mass of M
200 ∼ 1.4 × 1012
M
⊙ for the MW.
Imaging Spectroscopy of Ionized Gaseous Nebulae around Optically Faint AGNs at Redshift z ∼ 2
Authors: Law David R. , Steidel Charles C. , Chen Yuguang , Strom Allison L. , Rudie Gwen C. , Trainor Ryan F.
Published: October 2018

We present Keck/OSIRIS laser guide-star assisted adaptive optics (LGSAO) integral-field spectroscopy of [O iii] λ5007 nebular emission from 12 galaxies hosting optically faint (

 = 20–25;

erg s−1) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at redshift z ∼ 2–3. In combination with deep Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 (HST/WFC3) rest-frame optical imaging, Keck/MOSFIRE rest-optical spectroscopy, and Keck/KCWI rest-UV integral-field spectroscopy, we demonstrate that both the continuum and emission-line structures of these sources exhibit a wide range of morphologies, from compact, isolated point sources to double-AGN merging systems with extensive ∼50 kpc tidal tails. One of the 12 galaxies previously known to exhibit a proximate damped Lyα system coincident in redshift with the galaxy shows evidence for both an extended [O iii] narrow-line emission region and spatially offset Lyα emission (with morphologically distinct blueshifted and redshifted components) indicative of large-scale gas flows photoionized by the central AGN. We do not find widespread evidence of star formation in the host galaxies surrounding these AGNs; the [O iii] velocity dispersions tend to be high (σ = 100–500

), the continuum morphologies are much more compact than a mass-matched star-forming comparison sample, and the diagnostic nebular emission-line ratios are dominated by an AGN-like ionizing spectrum. The sample is most consistent with a population of AGNs that radiate at approximately their Eddington limit and photoionize extended [O iii] nebulae whose characteristic sizes scale approximately as the square root of the AGN luminosity.
Bayesian Inference of the Rates of Surface Reactions in Icy Mantles
Authors: Holdship J. , Jeffrey N. , Makrymallis A. , Viti S. , Yates J.
Published: October 2018

Grain surface chemistry and its treatment in gas-grain chemical models is an area of large uncertainty. While laboratory experiments are making progress, there is still much that is unknown about grain surface chemistry. Further, the results and parameters produced by experiments are often not easily translated to the rate equation approach most commonly used in astrochemical modeling. It is possible that statistical methods can reduce the uncertainty in grain surface chemical networks. In this work, a simple model of grain surface chemistry in a molecular cloud is developed and a Bayesian inference of the reactions rates is performed through Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling. Using observational data of the solid state abundances of major chemical species in molecular clouds, the posterior distributions for the rates of seven reactions producing CO, CO2, CH3OH, and H2O are calculated in a form that is suitable for rate equation models. This represents a vital first step in the development of a method to infer reaction rates from observations of chemical abundances in astrophysical environments.
Une communication peu visible : l’Agence fédérale belge pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile, les centres ouverts et le retour volontaire
Authors: Van Neste-Gottignies Amandine , Mistiaen Valériane
Published: October 2018

Cet article propose d’étudier la relation de communication qui se construit entre l’Agence fédérale belge pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile et le demandeur d’asile durant la phase d’accueil. L’analyse rend compte de la complexité d’une communication qui s’établit à différents niveaux et dans des formes variées. Elle s’inscrit dans une approche multi-sites couplant différentes techniques d’enquête : des entretiens avec les acteurs de notre étude, l’entretien biographique avec des demandeurs d’asile et l’observation directe dans un centre d’accueil. Les données sont tirées d’un travail de terrain mené entre 2014 et 2017. Face au constat de l’absence quasi totale de supports de communication médiatisée destinés aux demandeurs d’asile, nous interrogeons les modalités de la communication entre institution d’accueil et demandeur d’asile. S’agit-il d’une communication sans trace ? Existe-t-il une volonté de ne pas communiquer ? Si l’invisibilité semble dominer le discours sur l’accueil, une exception se profile : la communication sur les programmes de retour volontaire.
Qu’est-ce qu’être francisé ? L’expérience d’immigrants dits allophones dans un bastion traditionnel du Québec
Authors: Roussel Anne Sophie
Published: October 2018

Cet article explore à travers le Québec ce que représente l’interpellation à apprendre la langue nationale pour appartenir à la société civile. La francisation des immigrants y est articulée en termes de contrat moral, de catégories linguistiques et de division de l’espace national. Les immigrants dits allophones – ceux n’ayant aucune des langues officielles canadiennes comme première langue – se doivent de devenir des locuteurs du français au risque d’être jugés comme faisant preuve de déficience linguistique ou comme étant susceptibles d’adopter des pratiques linguistiques illégitimes. Les régions, bastions traditionnels de la nation québécoise, sont imaginées comme un site parfait pour les franciser. Me basant sur un terrain ethnographique, je suggère que les immigrants allophones en région s’investissent dans leur francisation, mais qu’ils doivent interpréter cette interpellation qui mythifie et mystifie ce qu’est être un locuteur de français. Cette indétermination permet conjointement à la population locale de retravailler continuellement les frontières de l’appartenance légitime.
Les appellations des identités de genre non traditionnelles. Une approche lexicologique
Authors: Elchacar Mireille , Luna Salita Ada
Published: October 2018

Les appellations des identités de genre non traditionnelles se sont multipliées ces dernières années. L’anglicisme queer se retrouve en français, mais est concurrencé par des formes comme LGBT , allosexuel , altersexuel, trans ou bispirituel . Les groupes concernés tentent d’acquérir du capital symbolique en proposant des appellations englobant davantage d’identités de genre et d’orientations sexuelles. La présente étude est une analyse lexicologique de ces néologismes et des facteurs qui peuvent favoriser ou au contraire freiner leur circulation dans la presse générale au Québec. Les groupes qu’on dénomme par ces appellations ont-ils fait part de préférences ou de commentaires à leur sujet ? Est-ce qu’on sent une préoccupation normative pour certaines appellations, comme l’anglicisme queer  ? L’intégration au système lexical du français est-elle une condition nécessaire à la circulation des termes ? L’article tente de dégager lequel de ces facteurs pèse plus que les autres.
Comment un client est-il qualifié de « déviant » par un employé au contact ? L’apport de la théorie de l’étiquetage
Authors: Reniou Fanny , Rouquet Aurélien , Subramanian Dilip
Published: October 2018

En s’appuyant sur la théorie de l’étiquetage de Becker, cette recherche a pour objectif de comprendre la manière dont un employé au contact étiquette un client « déviant », dans le cadre des réclamations. Basé sur 52 entretiens d’employés de cinq entreprises de secteurs différents, l’article introduit un modèle conceptuel intégrateur qui montre qu’un employé au contact étiquette un client « déviant » lorsque celui-ci adopte (1) des comportements qui transgressent certaines normes ; en tenant compte (2) de la gravité du comportement du client ; et (3) des caractéristiques de la relation client. Au final, la recherche propose des recommandations aux entreprises afin de faire face aux comportements déviants.
L’évolution de la comptabilité, du contrôle, de l’audit et de leurs métiers au prisme de la Blockchain : une réflexion prospective
Authors: Desplebin Olivier , Lux Gulliver , Petit Nicolas
Published: October 2018

La technologie Blockchain, support de Bitcoin, se diffuse récemment à des activités extra financières variées et suscite un intérêt dans de nombreux secteurs d’activité. Cet article vise à discuter des conséquences à attendre de cette technologie pour les métiers du champ CCA. Plus précisément, nous chercherons, dans une approche prospective, à présenter cette technologie et à en illustrer les aspects novateurs, qui influenceront ces activités dans les années à venir.
L’ambivalence dans le contenu du contrat psychologique : le cas d’un EHPAD
Authors: Saboune Khaled , Goujon Belghit Anne
Published: October 2018

Cette recherche entend déterminer les termes du contrat psychologique des acteurs évoluant dans un EHPAD privé à but non-lucratif et permet d’identifier le concept d’ambivalence. Les résultats des 19 entretiens semi-directifs menés au sein de ce dernier montrent qu’en fonction des catégories d’acteurs exerçant dans l’EHPAD, des contrats psychologiques dynamiques différents s’élaborent. Le contenu dépend non seulement de la perception des individus de leur organisation mais également de la nature du travail exercé. Cette recherche montre aussi l’importance de la notion d’ambivalence dans la compréhension du concept de contrat psychologique puisque les individus sont partagés entre des sentiments positifs et négatifs concernant leur relation d’emploi.
L’impact du regret et de la réjouissance sur l’allocation d’actifs risqués
Authors: Bien Franck , Lanzi Thomas
Published: October 2018

Dans cet article, nous proposons d’analyser l’impact du regret et de la réjouissance sur l’allocation d’actifs risqués. Le regret et la réjouissance sont deux émotions qui se définissent en comparant le résultat issu d’une action retenue par un agent, par rapport au résultat que ce dernier aurait pu obtenir en ayant opté pour une action alternative. Nous montrons que le choix de l’action alternative impacte l’allocation d’actifs risqués. Lorsque cette dernière est définie par rapport au résultat maximal attendu ex post , l’agent ne perçoit que du regret. Ceci peut le conduire, pour des valeurs faibles du coût marginal du risque, à retenir plus d’actifs risqués que le ferait un agent maximisant une espérance d’utilité standard. Au contraire, lorsque l’agent exprime une préférence pour la certitude, et qu’il définit ses émotions par rapport à ce que lui rapporterait un investissement total dans l’actif sans risque, nous montrons que l’investissement en actifs risqués est plus faible que l’investissement réalisé par un agent maximisant une espérance d’utilité standard.
L’intervention sociale en milieu rural. Outils et méthodes d’observation
Authors: Pagès Alexandre
Published: October 2018

Tout en complétant un état des lieux prochainement publié à Montréal par la revue Nouvelles pratiques sociales , cet article nous suggère de combiner plusieurs approches en vue d’analyser la façon dont, sur différents terrains, sont élaborées et mises en œuvre les politiques sociales locales. Il commente quelques données extraites de l’enquête asco (Action sociale des communes et intercommunalités) et montre qu’en milieu rural, les publics-cible de l’intervention sociale se situeraient principalement aux deux extrémités du parcours des âges avec, tout au long de ces dernières années, des efforts plus soutenus en direction des enfants et des jeunes. Cela étant dit, l’auteur nous suggère d’étudier des initiatives et des expérimentations locales en s’appuyant sur une triangulation des savoirs et des sources d’information. Tout en présentant ce qui vient d’être réalisé en Bourgogne, mais aussi dans deux provinces canadiennes, il souligne l’intérêt de mettre en place des démarches participatives en vue de recueillir la parole des habitants qui résident dans les espaces ruraux de faible densité et de comprendre les capacités d’adaptation dont disposent les travailleurs sociaux, les associations et les élus pour lutter contre l’isolement des populations les plus fragiles et améliorer leur qualité de vie.
Jeunes invisibles des zones rurales : quand la prévention spécialisée reste un dispositif pertinent pour « aller vers » eux
Authors: Dubois-Orlandi Valérie
Published: October 2018

Actuellement, les jeunes des zones rurales sont peu pris en compte dans leurs particularités, dans leurs attentes et dans leurs besoins par les pouvoirs publics. Aucune politique n’est initiée spécifiquement pour eux. Au contraire, les politiques jeunesse sont calquées sur les besoins des jeunes des quartiers afin d’apporter des solutions à cette jeunesse qui dérange et qui fait peur. Ces politiques sont ensuite étendues aux zones rurales sans qu’elles soient adaptées aux particularités territoriales ou aux fonctionnements des jeunes résidant à la campagne. Ne se sentant pas pris en compte ni écoutés, ces derniers, peu vindicatifs et loin les uns des autres de par l’habitat dispersé, s’isolent peu à peu dans et avec leurs difficultés. L’invisibilité sociale et la non-reconnaissance génèrent alors du repli et le non-recours aux droits. Sur le terrain, la prévention spécialisée est parfois présente dans les zones les plus reculées et peut montrer une véritable capacité à aller vers ces jeunes invisibles des zones rurales.
Des intervenants sociaux en milieu rural au cœur des espaces de vie et au contact de leurs habitants
Authors: Dubéchot Patrick
Published: October 2018

« Existe-t-il des spécificités de l’intervention sociale en milieu rural ? » Pour tenter de répondre à cette question, une démarche empirique a été choisie : des entretiens ont été réalisés avec des professionnels de l’intervention sociale en milieu rural. Quelques données de cadrage dégagent le profil de la population rurale du Loir-et-Cher : faible niveau de formation de la population rurale, absence d’emploi, mobilité restreinte, voire volonté de rester dans son environnement immédiat, précarité et pauvreté. À travers la parole et l’expérience des enquêtés, ce qui semble spécifique dans leur approche concerne à la fois une conception du métier, une posture professionnelle, une proximité physique dans l’accompagnement des personnes. Ce sont des professionnels du «  front office  » c’est-à-dire en contact direct avec les personnes et la population.
Processus de construction des identités professionnelles : réflexions et enjeux
Authors: Ropers Philippe , Perchot Rodolphe
Published: October 2018

Cet article s’intéresse à la notion d’identité et expose une réflexion sur les processus de construction de la professionnalité dans le travail social. Au travers d’appuis théoriques et de réflexions issues de la pratique en travail social, il s’agit de mettre en saillance les enjeux liés aux dynamiques identitaires dans le champ du travail social et en particulier le rôle des représentations sociales. L’accent est mis sur l’idée que l’action impose de comprendre l’univers des représentations de chacun, travailleurs sociaux, formateurs, apprenants, personnes accompagnées, et de disposer, dans les interactions et projets, d’espaces d’élaborations mutuelles et/ou (re)négociations de la place et du rôle des acteurs en contexte.
Teaching and Measuring Critical Thinking
Authors: Staib Sharon
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Nurse educators are under pressure to show critical thinking as a program outcome. Many different strategies have been suggested for developing critical thinking among nursing students. It is easy to believe these strategies increase critical thinking, but not all have actually been measured for reliability or validity. Based on an exhaustive literature search, the author attempted to identify teaching strategies that are being used to increase critical thinking and how effective those strategies have been.
Critique du transnationalisme
Authors: Potot Swanie
Published: October 2018

La sociologie des migrations est aujourd’hui à un carrefour : après avoir été dominée par la perspective de l’intégration et fait la part belle à l’étude des relations interethniques puis, au cours des vingt dernières années, au paradigme transnational, elle semble aujourd’hui prendre une nouvelle inflexion se concentrant sur le retour des frontières et de l’analyse des politiques migratoires.
A Grounded Theory Based Framework for Level of Development Implementation Within the Information Delivery Manual
Authors: Gigante-Barrera Angel , Ruikar Darshan , Sharifi Soroosh , Ruikar Kirti
Published: October 2018

The present study follows the progress of the level of development (LOD) specification from its inception in 2005 to its latest updates in 2018, a total of 42 guidelines from North America and Europe are reviewed. To organise the presented literature and to provide a comprehensive framework of LOD implementation within the information delivery manual (IDM), a LOD grounded theory-based taxonomy is introduced. The variables that constitute this taxonomy are BIM purpose, Stage, Role, Classification System, Attribute, Graphical information, Scale, LOD and Net benefits. The result of this exercise is a comprehensive view of the LOD construct impact on project performance which can be studied as a cumulative framework, where new research on the constructs can be added. Therefore, this allows a point towards the direction where further work is needed within the field of LOD-IDM implementation, such as the study of its use for data management among other uses.
Roadmapping BIM Implementation Processes Using IDEF0 Diagrams
Authors: Marzouk Mohamed , Elmansy Nada
Published: October 2018

This article presents a framework for the implementation of BIM in organizations on a strategic level in Egypt. Earlier analysis of the Egyptian construction market was carried to measure the BIM maturity of organizations. The assessment was required to study where the Egyptian market stands when it comes to BIM knowledge. This was done as a prior step to create an implementation plan. After aligning BIM goals with the current BIM status, recommendations are highlighted in order to create a roadmap for BIM implementation in organizations. A modeling tool was selected to represent the created roadmap. The modeling tool was selected in order to facilitate the implementation of the roadmap in the Egyptian construction industry. The model is created using Integrated Definition (IDEF0) diagrams as a functional modeling tool. The model is made accessible for industry practitioners to use it as a prior step for BIM implementation planning.