bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection and Inventory of Intense Pyroconvection in Western North America using GOES-15 Daytime Infrared Data
Authors: Peterson David A. , Fromm Michael D. , Solbrig Jeremy E. , Hyer Edward J. , Surratt Melinda L. , Campbell James R.
Published: November 2016

Intense wildfires occasionally generate fire-triggered storms, known as pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb), that can inject smoke particles and trace gases into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). This study develops the first pyroCb detection algorithm using three infrared (IR) channels from the imager on board GOES-West (GOES-15). The algorithm first identifies deep convection near active fires via the longwave IR brightness temperature, distinguishing between midtropospheric and UTLS injections. During daytime, unique pyroCb microphysical properties are characterized by a medium-wave brightness temperature that is significantly larger than that in the longwave, allowing for separation of pyroCb from other deep convection. A cloud-opacity test reduces potential false detections. Application of this algorithm to 88 intense wildfires observed during the 2013 fire season in western North America resulted in successful detection of individual intense events, pyroCb embedded within traditional convection, and multiple, short-lived pulses of pyroconvective activity. Comparisons with a community inventory indicate that this algorithm captures the majority of pyroCb. The primary limitation is that pyroCb anvils can be small relative to GOES-West pixel size, especially in regions with large viewing angles. The algorithm is also sensitive to some false positives from traditional convection that either ingests smoke or exhibits extreme updraft velocities. A total of 26 pyroCb events are inventoried, including 31 individual pulses, all of which can inject smoke into the UTLS. Six of the inventoried intense pyroCb were not previously documented. Near-real-time application of this algorithm can be extended to other regions and to next-generation geostationary sensors, which offer significant advantages for pyroCb and fire detection.
Supersaturation Fluctuations during the Early Stage of Cumulus Formation
Authors: Siebert Holger , Shaw Raymond A.
Published: November 2016

On time scales that are long compared to the phase relaxation time, a quasi-steady supersaturation sqs is expected to exist in clouds. On shorter time scales, however, turbulent fluctuations of temperature and water vapor concentration should generate fluctuations in supersaturation. The variability of temperature, water vapor, and supersaturation has been measured in situ with submeter resolution in warm, continental, shallow cumulus clouds. Several cumuli with horizontal extents of order 100 m were sampled during their first appearance and development to depths of ~100 m in a growing boundary layer. Fluctuations of the saturation ratio are observed to be approximately normally distributed with standard deviations on the order of 1%. This variability is almost one order of magnitude larger than sqs calculated using simultaneous measurements of the vertical velocity component and the droplet size distribution. It is argued that, depending on the ratio of the phase relaxation and the turbulent mixing time, substantial fluctuations in the supersaturation field can exist on small spatial scales, centered on sqs for the mean state. The observations also suggest that, on larger scales, fluctuations of the supersaturation field are damped by cloud droplet growth. Droplets with diameters of up to 20 μm were observed in the shallow cumulus clouds, whereas the adiabatic diameter was less than 10 μm. Such large droplets may be explained by a few droplets experiencing the highest observed supersaturations for a certain time. Consequences for aerosol activation and droplet size dispersion in a highly fluctuating supersaturation field are briefly discussed.
Generation of Scenarios from Calibrated Ensemble Forecasts with a Dual-Ensemble Copula-Coupling Approach
Authors: Ben Bouallègue Zied , Heppelmann Tobias , Theis Susanne E. , Pinson Pierre
Published: November 2016

Probabilistic forecasts in the form of ensembles of scenarios are required for complex decision-making processes. Ensemble forecasting systems provide such products but the spatiotemporal structures of the forecast uncertainty is lost when statistical calibration of the ensemble forecasts is applied for each lead time and location independently. Nonparametric approaches allow the reconstruction of spatiotemporal joint probability distributions at a small computational cost. For example, the ensemble copula coupling (ECC) method rebuilds the multivariate aspect of the forecast from the original ensemble forecasts. Based on the assumption of error stationarity, parametric methods aim to fully describe the forecast dependence structures. In this study, the concept of ECC is combined with past data statistics in order to account for the autocorrelation of the forecast error. The new approach, called d-ECC, is applied to wind forecasts from the high-resolution Consortium for Small-Scale Modeling (COSMO) ensemble prediction system (EPS) run operationally at the German Weather Service (COSMO-DE-EPS). Scenarios generated by ECC and d-ECC are compared and assessed in the form of time series by means of multivariate verification tools and within a product-oriented framework. Verification results over a 3-month period show that the innovative method d-ECC performs as well as or even outperforms ECC in all investigated aspects.
Accepting Prophecy: Paul’s Response to Agabus with Insights from Valerius Maximus and Josephus
Authors: Crabbe Kylie
Published: November 2016

This article highlights seemingly conflicting presentations of the Spirit’s guidance of Paul’s journeys in Acts 16.6-10 and 21.1-14, noting in particular the difficulties posed by the disciples’ instruction ‘through the Spirit’ not to go to Jerusalem in 21.4b. In contrast to past treatments, I suggest that it is possible to hold together Luke’s portrayal of 21.4b as an inspired instruction and as a positive reading of Paul’s journey to Jerusalem. The study is informed by comparisons to the treatment of the traditional themes of determinism and human freedom in two other first-century texts: Valerius Maximus’s Memorable Doings and Sayings and Josephus’s Jewish War. Although very different texts from each other, Valerius’s popular register and Josephus’s Jewish Hellenistic setting enable each to illuminate aspects of Luke’s presentation. I conclude that the tensions in the Lukan Paul’s discernment of his journey to Jerusalem stem not only from Luke’s focus on a divine plan, but his particular interest in underscoring the importance of human response, with significant implications for the way the plan unfolds across Acts.
Theodore of Mopsuestia: New Evidence for the Proposed Papian Fragment in Hist. eccl. 3.24.5-13
Authors: Furlong Dean
Published: November 2016

Eusebius records Papias on the origins of the Gospels of Matthew and Mark but provides nothing comparable on John’s gospel, leading some scholars to conclude that Papias was silent concerning it. Others, however, suggest that Eusebius knew of Papias’s account of John’s gospel and chose not to record it. Charles Hill has argued at length that an unattributed passage in Eusebius’s Church History preserves the substance of Papias’s comments on John’s gospel. Richard Bauckham has raised objections to Hill’s hypothesis, arguing that while the problem of ‘order’ (τάξις) is common to Papias and the unattributed fragment, the solutions given by each are quite different. This study will provide a fresh analysis of the question, and will suggest new evidence in favour of Hill’s hypothesis from the writings of Theodore of Mopsuestia.
The (in)visibility of violence: Jasmila Žbanić’s post-war cinema
Authors: De Pascalis Ilaria A
Published: November 2016

The aim of the article is to discuss Jasmila Žbanić’s Esma’s Secret ( Grbavica, 2006), On the Path ( Na Putu, 2010) and For Those Who Can Tell No Tales ( Za one koji ne mogu da govore, 2013) as a trilogy addressing the consequences of Bosnian War. The films are considered in the theoretical framework of women’s cinema as world cinema, exploring their location in relation to globalization. The article hence analyses each film’s aesthetic in light of influential feminist concepts and theories such as Rey Chow’s age of the world target, Adriana Cavarero’s horrorism and caring, E Ann Kaplan’s trauma and Judith Butler’s ethics. In these films the violated body is neither victimized nor considered as a natural being: each character is a biopolitical subject, geo-culturally located, and produced through processes originating from dynamics of power and responsibility, guilt and care.
Abandoning happiness for life: Mourning and futurity in Maja Borg’s Future My Love (2012)
Authors: Backman Rogers Anna
Published: November 2016

Why do we labour so hard to sustain relationships that are fundamentally harmful to our wellbeing? That is the question which lies at the heart of Maja Borg’s poetic and alternatively distributed documentary film, Future My Love (2012). The detrimental bonds on which the film focuses are those that maintain our connection to an economic system that has thrown us into an acute state of crisis and the stillborn emotions that keep us hopefully attached to a romantic partnership that we have already outgrown; this elision imbricates and implicates the personal in the political. Through a prism of painful and, at times, unbearable emotion, and by blurring the boundaries between the public and the private, the real and the fictional, this film urges us to imagine ourselves into a future in which it might be possible to live otherwise; but this requires us to abandon the future we have already imagined and, as the film evinces through archival imagery from the 1950s or golden age of capitalism, imaged ourselves into. By drawing on the work of Lauren Berlant and Sara Ahmed on the cultural politics of emotion, Judith Butler’s work on the act of mourning, and the writing of Eva Illouz, Luce Irigaray and Alain Badiou on love in the age of late capitalism, this article contends that Future My Love pleads with us to abandon, in Ahmed’s words, ‘happiness for life’, to forsake an ideology that is invested in a highly specific notion of what it means to flourish and to thrive, to mourn and name our losses, and to think about the future creatively and without cynicism.
Mobilizing women+’s art: bildwechsel, a global archive
Authors: Maule Rosanna
Published: November 2016

bildwechsel ( http://bildwechsel.org ) is one of the most prolific and longstanding video collectives established in Europe within the framework of the women’s movement. Founded in 1979 by students of the Hamburg College of Fine Arts, in 1986 the group became an umbrella organization with activities and agents spread all over Europe and the world sharing a common infrastructure. The purpose of bildwechsel (‘image change’) is to strengthen women’s presence in the audiovisual media and to advance feminist and queer art. The group has been pursuing its mandate initially through local workshops and exhibitions, then through archival practices and programming activities promoted on the organization’s website. This article examines bildwechsel as an example of women’s ability to maintain a niche presence within the European and the world art scene since the late 1970s via grassroots globalized practices, from within a theoretical framework drawing on transnational feminism and new media theory.
Women’s cinema of trauma: Affect, movement, time
Authors: Jelača Dijana
Published: November 2016

This article analyses several notable examples of what the author calls the post-Yugoslav women’s cinema of trauma. These films made by women filmmakers challenge the standard tropes of war, as well as normative approaches to war cinema, by highlighting the intimate affective domain of experience, rather than large-scale narratives and collective emotions. The author focuses on the near-silent short and experimental works of Una Gunjak and Šejla Kamerić (both from Bosnia-Herzegovina), and suggests that they offer insightful formal and narrative ways of rethinking the question of what makes a war film, as well as what constitutes a woman’s experience of war. By arguing for a continued, strategic and locally specific use of the term women’s cinema, the author deploys feminist analytics towards inscribing these filmmakers’ work into the transnational flows of knowledge production about marginalized groups and non-Western geographies.
Challenges for the Theory and Practice of Business Coaching
Authors: Blackman Anna , Moscardo Gianna , Gray David E.
Published: November 2016

Until recently, there has been little published systematic empirical research into business coaching. This article reports on a systematic, critical review of 111 published empirical papers investigating business coaching theory, processes, and outcomes. The present article identifies a significantly larger body of empirical research than covered in previous reviews and uses a Systematic Review methodology (SRm) to conduct a comprehensive review of the available empirical evidence into business coaching effectiveness focusing on implications for theoretical development, practice (within human resource development) and further research in this area. This review identifies convergence around factors that contribute to perceived effective coaching practice but nevertheless highlights a number of issues to be resolved in further research. These include determining the primary beneficiaries of coaching, the factors that contribute to coach credibility, and how the organizational and social context impacts on coaching. Weaknesses in coaching research methodology and research gaps are also noted.
The Impact of Team Learning Behaviors on Team Innovative Work Behavior
Authors: Widmann Andreas , Messmann Gerhard , Mulder Regina H.
Published: November 2016

The aim of this review was to get insight into the impact of learning behaviors on innovative behavior in work teams. We addressed this issue by carrying out a systematic literature review. Thirty-one articles that reported studies on learning and innovation development in work teams were included in the review. By integrating the correlational findings of the original studies, we found that, at large, all investigated team learning behaviors had an effect on aspects of team innovative work behavior. Concerning specific team learning behaviors, sharing, team reflection, and team activity had the strongest impact on teams’ engagement in innovation development. A central conclusion is that learning and innovation development are mutually dependent aspects of teamwork and that fostering one aspect will also be beneficial for the other. Based on our findings, we draw practical implications for fostering team development through enhancing learning behaviors and innovative work behavior in teams.
Data Analytics in Human Resources
Authors: King Kylie Goodell
Published: November 2016

The use of data analytics in the field of human resource development is becoming increasingly common. This rise in popularity is accompanied by skepticism about the ability of human resource professionals to effectively utilize data analytics to reap organizational benefits. This article provides a review of literature both supportive and critical of human resource analytics, argues for the involvement of academia in implementing analytical practices, and uses a case study to illustrate how quantitative tools may positively influence the management and development of human resources.
Akirin2 is essential for the formation of the cerebral cortex
Authors: Bosch Peter J. , Fuller Leah C. , Sleeth Carolyn M. , Weiner Joshua A.
Published: November 2016

Background

The proper spatial and temporal regulation of dorsal telencephalic progenitor behavior is a prerequisite for the formation of the highly-organized, six-layered cerebral cortex. Premature differentiation of cells, disruption of cell cycle timing, excessive apoptosis, and/or incorrect neuronal migration signals can have devastating effects, resulting in a number of neurodevelopmental disorders involving microcephaly and/or lissencephaly. Though genes encoding many key players in cortical development have been identified, our understanding remains incomplete. We show that the gene encoding Akirin2, a small nuclear protein, is expressed in the embryonic telencephalon. Converging evidence indicates that Akirin2 acts as a bridge between transcription factors (including Twist and NF-κB proteins) and the BAF (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling machinery to regulate patterns of gene expression. Constitutive knockout of Akirin2 is early embryonic lethal in mice, while restricted loss in B cells led to disrupted proliferation and cell survival.

Methods

We generated cortex-restricted Akirin2 knockouts by crossing mice harboring a floxed Akirin2 allele with the Emx1-Cre transgenic line and assessed the resulting embryos using in situ hybridization, EdU labeling, and immunohistochemistry.

Results

The vast majority of Akirin2 mutants do not survive past birth, and exhibit extreme microcephaly, with little dorsal telencephalic tissue and no recognizable cortex. This is primarily due to massive cell death of early cortical progenitors, which begins at embryonic day (E)10, shortly after Emx1-Cre is active. Immunostaining and cell cycle analysis using EdU labeling indicate that Akirin2-null progenitors fail to proliferate normally, produce fewer neurons, and undergo extensive apoptosis. All of the neurons that are generated in Akirin2 mutants also undergo apoptosis by E12. In situ hybridization for Wnt3a and Wnt-responsive genes suggest defective formation and/or function of the cortical hem in Akirin2 null mice. Furthermore, the apical ventricular surface becomes disrupted, and Sox2-positive progenitors are found to “spill” into the lateral ventricle.

Conclusions

Our data demonstrate a previously-unsuspected role for Akirin2 in early cortical development and, given its known nuclear roles, suggest that it may act to regulate gene expression patterns critical for early progenitor cell behavior and cortical neuron production.
17β-Estradiol Enhances Vascular Endothelial Ets-1/miR-126-3p Expression: The Possible Mechanism for Attenuation of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Ping , Wei Jinzhi , Li Xiaosa , Cheng Yang , Chen Weiyu , Cui Yuhong , Simoncini Tommaso , Gu Zhengtian , Yang Jun , Fu Xiaodong
Published: November 2016

Context:

Endothelial microRNA 126 (miR-126) attenuates the development of atherosclerosis (AS). However, there is no evidence showing the role of miR-126 in estrogen’s antiatherogenic effects.

Objective:

We hypothesized that 17β-estradiol (E2) modulates miR-126 expression and thus may improve endothelial function and retard AS development.

Design/Setting/Participants:

This was a prospective cohort study of 12 healthy regularly menstruating female volunteers. ApoE−/− mice were used as the atherosclerosis model and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured as the cell model.

Main Outcome Measures:

Serum hormones and miR-126-3p levels were measured up to 3 times for 1 cycle. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, histology for atherosclerotic lesions, immunofluorescence, luciferase assay, transfection experiments, cell proliferation, migration and tube formation assay, and western blot were performed.

Results:

Serum concentrations of miR-126-3p in cycling women were higher at the ovulatory and luteal phases than in the follicular phase, and they were positively correlated with E2 values. Administration of miR-126-3p mimics to ApoE−/− mice-attenuated atherogenesis, and antagomir-126-3p partially reversed the protective effect of E2 on atherogenesis. In HUVECs, E2 increased miR-126-3p expression via upregulation of Ets-1 (a transcription factor for miR-126). c-Src/Akt signaling was important for E2-mediated expression of Ets-1/miR-126. E2 decreased expression of miR-126-3p target Spred1 (a protein that inhibits mitogenic signaling). Overexpression of Spred1 partially blocked enhancement of endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation by E2. Additionally, E2 regulates miR-126-3p–mediated expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 to inhibit monocyte adhesion into HUVECs.

Conclusions:

E2 protection against atherogenesis is possibly mediated by Ets-1/miR-126.
Clinical Characterization of Patients With Autosomal Dominant Short Stature due to Aggrecan Mutations
Authors: Gkourogianni Alexandra , Andrew Melissa , Tyzinski Leah , Crocker Melissa , Douglas Jessica , Dunbar Nancy , Fairchild Jan , Funari Mariana F. A. , Heath Karen E. , Jorge Alexander A. L. , Kurtzman Tracey , LaFranchi Stephen , Lalani Seema , Lebl Jan , Lin Yuezhen , Los Evan , Newbern Dorothee , Nowak Catherine , Olson Micah , Popovic Jadranka , Průhová Štěpánka , Elblova Lenka , Quintos Jose Bernardo , Segerlund Emma , Sentchordi Lucia , Shinawi Marwan , Stattin Eva-Lena , Swartz Jonathan , Angel Ariadna González del , Cuéllar Sinhué Diaz , Hosono Hidekazu , Sanchez-Lara Pedro A. , Hwa Vivian , Baron Jeffrey , Nilsson Ola , Dauber Andrew
Published: November 2016

Context:

Heterozygous mutations in the aggrecan gene (ACAN) cause autosomal dominant short stature with accelerated skeletal maturation.

Objective:

We sought to characterize the phenotypic spectrum and response to growth-promoting therapies.

Patients and Methods:

One hundred three individuals (57 females, 46 males) from 20 families with autosomal dominant short stature and heterozygous ACAN mutations were identified and confirmed using whole-exome sequencing, targeted next-generation sequencing, and/or Sanger sequencing. Clinical information was collected from the medical records.

Results:

Identified ACAN variants showed perfect cosegregation with phenotype. Adult individuals had mildly disproportionate short stature [median height, −2.8 standard deviation score (SDS); range, −5.9 to −0.9] and a history of early growth cessation. The condition was frequently associated with early-onset osteoarthritis (12 families) and intervertebral disc disease (9 families). No apparent genotype–phenotype correlation was found between the type of ACAN mutation and the presence of joint complaints. Childhood height was less affected (median height, −2.0 SDS; range, −4.2 to −0.6). Most children with ACAN mutations had advanced bone age (bone age − chronologic age; median, +1.3 years; range, +0.0 to +3.7 years). Nineteen individuals had received growth hormone therapy with some evidence of increased growth velocity.

Conclusions:

Heterozygous ACAN mutations result in a phenotypic spectrum ranging from mild and proportionate short stature to a mild skeletal dysplasia with disproportionate short stature and brachydactyly. Many affected individuals developed early-onset osteoarthritis and degenerative disc disease, suggesting dysfunction of the articular cartilage and intervertebral disc cartilage. Additional studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment strategy for these patients.
Defacing the Gaze and Reimagining the Black Body: Contemporary Caribbean Women Artists
Authors: Stephens Michelle
Published: November 2016

“Defacing the Gaze and Reimagining the Black Body: Contemporary Caribbean Women Artists” examines works by visual artists Oneila Russell, Holly Bynoe, Patricia Kaersenhout, and Ebony Patterson, exploring how these contemporary artists wrestle with the terms in which we see black bodies. Together they share a fundamental interest in defacing and deforming the gaze—both a gendering and a racializing gaze—as it has rested upon both the black male and female body and the black face. Comparisons with visual works by an old European master, Édouard Manet, and twentieth-century American photographer Robert Mapplethorpe reveal how Russell, Bynoe, Kaersenhout, and Patterson question prior visual epistemologies for the ways they have understood and represented the modern subject more broadly in such canonical genres as the portrait and the nude. All point to the ways in which the black body in art has been displaced by its surrogate: a facialization of the black body as pure surface, the phallicization and epidermalization of the black subject as nothing more than his or her skin. To destabilize this body, these artists seek to get back to what Hortense Spillers describes as a black body of the flesh, a flesh that reveals the markings of the symbolic order on and beneath its skin.
Black, Queer, Dandy: The Beauty Without Whom We Cannot Live
Authors: Miller Monica L.
Published: November 2016

Taking seriously (and for granted) the playful perversity of blackness, “Black, Queer, Dandy” examines the black dandy archive’s encounter with Oscar Wilde. Looking to his precursor, arch and witty eighteenth-century “dandy in black” Julius Soubise, and his heir, sardonic black British artist Yinka Shonibare, this essay suggests that Wilde’s caricature as a black(face) minstrel dandy on his visit to America in the 1880s was both a compliment and an insult. Wilde as black dandy, and/or the black dandy in association with Wilde, attempted to associate the aesthete with an apish blackness and black people with a perverse foreignness. In the figures of Soubise and Shonibare, these insults are turned into a fabulous, subversive queerness productive of both nurture and death.
Au Nègre Joyeux: Everyday Antiblackness Guised as Public Art
Authors: Keaton Trica
Published: November 2016

Au Nègre Joyeux, a large sign that dates from the late eighteenth century, is prominently on display in an area of high tourism in Paris, France. There is no accompanying historical plaque to explain its provenance or significance, and sources about the piece are contradictory as well as suspect. I argue that this sign is not only experienced as everyday anti-blackness but is in fact precisely that: anti-black. Not only does the sign reinforce stigmatizing representations of people racialized as black (thus “b” in lowercase), such visual imagery, guised as public art, also negates any notion of race-blindness in France, past and present.
No More “Poisonous, Disrespectful, and Skewed Images of Black People”: Barbara Walker’s Louder Than Words
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie
Published: November 2016

Black British artist Barbara Walker works across multiple narrative series to create hard-hitting dramatic tableaux in which she does powerful justice to the psychological, physical, emotional, cultural, social, and imaginative realities of lives as lived by black women, men, and children, both within the United Kingdom and across the African diaspora. Answering her own question “Where is the black presence?,” she creates self-reflexively experimental and politically radicalized bodies of work in which she dramatizes the invisibilized and misrepresented lives of black subjects. Creating multilayered and multireferential bodies of work in which she not only questions problematic representations of “Africa and its peoples” but also rejects the centuries-long stranglehold of “poisonous, disrespectful, and skewed images of black people,” Walker fuses personal autobiography, family testimony, and scholarly research to bear witness to her status as a contemporary history painter. Coming to grips with the imaginative, political, and aesthetic force of one of her many series, I examine Louder Than Words to trace Walker’s visual and textual resistances to the intersecting relationships between black masculinity and white mainstream stereotyping, criminalization, racial profiling, physical persecution, and psychological wounding. Refusing to sanitize or clean up white atrocities enacted against black subjects, Walker works with charcoal, pencil, and paint to create emotively charged portraits and landscape scenes in which she visualizes black- rather than white-centered histories, narratives, and memories. Creating images that are “louder than words,” Walker betrays her lifelong determination to give “voice to the voiceless and power to the powerless.”
Hank Willis Thomas at Goodman Gallery: A Necessary Caution
Authors: Houston Kerr
Published: November 2016

Hank Willis Thomas’s History Doesn’t Laugh, shown in Johannesburg and Cape Town in early 2014, represented in some ways an extension of themes evident in his earlier work. But the show, which drew on a range of historical sources and archival materials, also included a notable accent upon hand gestures—and particularly upon clenched fists. Indeed, the repetition of the motif seemed to imply a transhistorical reading of the fist as a symbol: the removal of historical detail and the use of pan-African titles positioned the clenched fist as a static gesture of resistance. A closer look at the history of the gesture in apartheid-era visual culture, however, quickly reveals the importance of local context, and the mutable associations of the raised fist. Moreover, as several theorists and historians of South African photography have suggested, a static, humanizing view of gesture can lead to a devaluation of historical specificity—and, arguably, to an abrogation of historical responsibility. In considering Thomas’s use of gesture, then, I urge a related attention to the original contexts and implications of the gestures reproduced in his work.
No Body’s Perfect
Authors: Fletcher Kanitra
Published: November 2016

How do you see blackness? What does it look like? Can it be shown? In seeming response to such uncertainties, artists Renée Green, Satch Hoyt, and Sheila Pree Bright forgo representation of the black body altogether. In installation and photographic works—Seen (1990), Say It Loud (2004), and Suburbia (2005–7), respectively—they instead present spaces seemingly for any body, black or otherwise, within contexts that signify black lives, histories, and experiences. The works affirm that the nature of blackness is not a given, while they demonstrate ways in which it has come to be regarded as such. Via texts, sounds, and objects the artists challenge us to see, not bodies, but the cultural constructions of and around them. Moreover, Green, Hoyt, and Bright demonstrate that blackness cannot be seen or shown by any body, or, rather, no body is perfect.
Making Space, Changing Space: Black People and New Museums
Authors: Blankenberg Ngaire
Published: November 2016

When it comes to representing and collecting images and stories of black people, most museums have a long way to go. But while the collection and the exhibitions are important ways to demonstrate the presence of black people in art, history, and science, is this enough? Black people and people of color are under-represented as visitors to museums. As museums throughout the world re-evaluate their roles as active agents of social transformation, as learning institutions, and as public spaces for engagement, how are they ensuring that black people not only feel represented and welcome, but feel compelled to go to and engage with them? Can museums transcend past racism in their collecting and exhibiting practices to create non-racialized spaces for dialogue and encounter? How can public programming and new technologies and spaces (mobile, space) serve to create ways for all members of the public to engage with their resources?
Different, but Not Abnormal: “Out” in Africa
Authors: Harris Lyle Ashton
Published: November 2016

This essay was originally presented as a speech I was invited to give at New York University’s conference Black Portraiture[s]: The Black Body in the West in 2013. The essay addresses my personal experiences as well as critical observations of the performance and production of identity in the context of Ghana in the twentieth century. By examining the ways that specific materials, icons, media, images, and objects interact and create a multiplicity of meaning and narratives within a body of work, I begin to uncover how these layers translate to and create discourse with my lived experience in Ghana. Through an exploration of my specific process as an artist in conversation with Ghana’s complex history, I begin to examine the complex implications of sexuality in Ghana.
From Body to Disembodiment
Authors: Désert Jean-Ulrick
Published: November 2016

The work of Jean-Ulrick Désert, a Haitian-born artist currently based in Berlin, Germany, has often used the image of the body, most notably in his earlier performative works such as Negerhosen2000, where members of the public were allowed to submit portraits of the artist wearing skin-colored lederhosen. This would later inspire the use of nearly lost images of nineteenth-century black Germans rendered as cyanotypes in Prussian blue. Désert’s work progressively distanced itself from the use of his own body; for example, he hired a (white) actor to impersonate him as an art teacher. The artist would later use the bodies of his audiences to perform new works such as The Passion, where the viewer is invited to wear and model various soccer-fan costumes of their choosing, denuded of team or national references, for a permanent photographic record. Desert researched the symbolic use of the body by asserting that certain bodies are emblematic of magic and mystery in the belief imposed on certain historical figures, such as Josephine Baker. The artist therefore uses Baker’s image as a leitmotif for a series entitled The Goddess Projects, where she is rendered as a translucent stained-glass Madonna and later as the portrait motifs of seven hundred fifty stars arranged as the celestial constellation above the Caribbean capital of Haiti at the instant of January 2010’s devastating earthquake. Even today, his art practice continues to articulate the body, be it present or absent, such as his works presented in Dakar’s eleventh biennale (2014) and Martinique’s first biennale (2013).
Reading Basquiat: Exploring Ambivalence in American Art
Authors: Smith Cherise
Published: November 2016

Jordana Moore Saggese’s Reading Basquiat: Exploring Ambivalence in American Art is a monographic study of Jean-Michel Basquiat, an artist who experienced a near meteoric rise and fall. In four chapters, the author gives the artist’s work the scholarly and historical attention it rightly deserves while contributing to the fields of American art, African American art, contemporary art, and diaspora art. The introduction sets the stage for contemporary readers to grasp the art world of the 1980s at the same time that it identifies Basquiat’s multiple positionalities as a middle-class, diasporic subject born and raised in New York City. The second chapter compares Basquiat’s work to modern Euro-American masters such as Picasso, Pollock, and Twombly and considers how, through subject matter, the artist’s cultural identifications are manifested. The third chapter dispels the oft-written assertion that Basquiat’s work owes a debt to hip-hop. Instead, Saggese considers the artist’s attention to and affection for improvisational jazz and the ways it impacted his practice. In the final chapter, the author takes up Basquiat’s engagement with Beat poets and the cultures they created.
Relações entre patrimônio cultural e museus: um referencial teórico para o desenvolvimento
Authors: Brandão de Melo Douglas , Moura Carvalho Rita de Cássia
Published: November 2016

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão conceitual sobre patrimônio cultural e sua relação com museus e o desenvolvimento comunitário. A base referencial é constituída pelos teóricos Hernández (2006), Poulot (2011) e De Varine (2013), que abordam o assunto a partir de reflexões acadêmicas, teóricas, práticas, e a análise da produção científica a respeito de museu, museologia e patrimônio cultural em uma perspectiva contemporânea. Da pesquisa, conclui-se que o patrimônio cultural desempenha uma função estratégica no conhecimento do território e das pessoas, capaz de mobilizar esforços para o desenvolvimento comunitário.
Crônicas de El Dorado: uma análise dos relatos dos cronistas espanhóis sobre uma terra de riquezas fabulosas na América do Sul (1536-1542)
Authors: Estevam de Oliveira Fernandes Luiz , De Souza Gomes Wederson
Published: November 2016

O presente trabalho analisa aquilo que se convencionou chamar dentro da historiografia de El Dorado. Através de análise dos cronistas que narraram as expedições em busca da Província e/ou Cacique dourado, e embasados no aporte historiográfico buscamos identificar aspectos descritivos do evento. Buscamos abordar diferentes cronistas, expedições e períodos para compreender o imaginário que circundaram o mito. Uma observação minuciosa do evento e seu caráter de representação evidenciaram o imaginário que perpassou a Europa Moderna e encontrou subsídio no Novo Mundo. El Dorado era uma região de grandes riquezas que de uma lógica racional ganhou um caráter mítico.
Os críticos cinematográficos e a Revisão do Método Crítico na década de 1950
Authors: Neto Oscar
Published: November 2016

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o debate sobre a revisão do método crítico cinematográfico, publicado na Revista de Cinema na década de 1950. O revisionismo defendido pelos críticos, principalmente esquerdistas, estava ligado aos aportes teóricos introduzidos pelo êxito do neorrealismo italiano, que dava papel preponderante aos elementos sociológicos do filme. A revisão buscou atualizar a crítica de cinema brasileira, que se encontrava atrelada a valores e teorias consideradas ultrapassadas que apenas levavam em consideração os aspectos estéticos e técnicos das obras. Assim, buscamos apresentar as principais teses defendidas durante o debate e sua importância para a reflexão cinematográfica brasileira.
Entrevista de Edson de Oliveira Nunes
Authors: Nunes Helen
Published: November 2016

Edson de Oliveira Nunes é Ph.D. em Ciência Política, U.C. Berkeley e Coordenador do Observatório Universitário. Também é Presidente do Conselho de Administração do IBAM, autor de livros e artigos na área de Ciências Sociais e foi presidente do Conselho Nacional de Educação e do IBGE.
Moda Church – Performances e produções estéticas do vestir feminino em igrejas evangélicas cariocas
Authors: Gonçalo Rita
Published: November 2016

A intenção deste artigo é descrever como a ética evangélica contempla o vestuário feminino como um importante elemento de distinção social. A partir da etnografia realizada em igrejas evangélicas na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, procurei observar de que forma as subjetividades se manifestam nos discursos e como experiências religiosas e culturais operam nos distintos modos de vestir-se, performar-se e julgar o belo. Disso resulta que, entre o juízo de gosto e as práticas do vestir, há operações de agenciamento em que as mulheres investem na construção de uma identidade visual personalizada sem contrapor a moral evangélica, mas também evidenciando as múltiplas formas sobre como essas normas são incorporadas. Neste sentido, o diálogo entre os mecanismos de distinção e as relações entre performatividade e materialidade constroem uma ética corporal e comunal, contribuindo para o entendimento da regulação e inscrição dos corpos femininos portadores de significados sociais.
Estudos de masculinidades: a crise masculina, a masculinidade hegemônica e a paternidade em Onde estão os ovos?, de Fabrício Carpinejar
Authors: Farias Machado Bruna
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar, sob o viés da masculinidade em suas diversas nuances, a crônica Onde estão os ovos? (2016), de Fabrício Carpinejar. Para fundamentar a análise, serão utilizados aportes teóricos que elucidam a representação estereotipada acerca da maternidade e paternidade (PRIORE, 2013), bem como a representação da “crise masculina” e da masculinidade hegemônica reforçadas na crônica, numa tentativa de desconstruir esses conceitos ainda presentes na atualidade, evidenciando, assim, a importância desses estudos para desconstruir o machismo institucionalizado que se expressa cotidianamente em nossa sociedade, mascarados, por vezes, como tentativa de humor.
Movimento estudantil: identidades sexuais e de gênero em trânsito
Authors: Dos Reis Neilton
Published: November 2016

Neste texto, apresento um ensaio teórico acerca da movimentação de jovens estudantes, no qual destaco o processo educativo desses como privilegiado para socialização das pessoas envolvidas e, logo, para a manutenção ou (des)(re)construção de signos e significados que permeiam suas identidades. Parto de narrativas relatadas por jovens estudantes e egressos do Ensino Médio do Rio de Janeiro que possuem identidades não-binárias para o gênero em entrevistas e, ainda, de narrativas construídas em uma roda de conversa sobre gênero, sexualidade e movimentação estudantil realizada em uma das escolas públicas ocupadas por estudantes no mesmo estado, em 2016. Busco debater a construção realizada no espaço escolar e nos movimentos estudantis acerca dos saberes sobre corpos, identidades e socializações, propondo uma ação questionadora dos posicionamentos assumidos, de forma a repensar os contornos nos quais a pluralidade identitária pode ser vista.
A criação da Escola de Paraquedistas (1945)
Authors: Gomes de Aragão Viana Claudius
Published: November 2016

O artigo narra a criação e o desenvolvimento da Brigada de Infantaria Paraquedista do Exército Brasileiro. Descrevem-se os antecedentes, as ações e alguns dos principais personagens presentes na fundação do corpo de paraquedistas militares no Brasil, consolidada no período imediatamente subsequente ao final da Segunda Guerra Mundial.
Die Ausgießung des zweifachen Geistes. Zwei unikale Szenen in der Soter-Kirche in Kephali auf Kreta
Authors: HORN Martina
Published: November 2016

Im venetianisch besetzten Kreta des 14.Jhs. zeigen sich vermehrt westliche Einflüsse in Ikonographie und Stil auf den Wandmalereien der byzantinischen Kirchen. Auch szenische Neuschöpfungen werden vereinzelt in das traditionelle, festgelegte Bildprogramm aufgenommen. So auch in der Soter-Kirche in Kephali auf Kreta (Präfektur Chania, Bezirk Kissamos). Dort gibt es zwei bis heute nicht eindeutig entschlüsselte, enigmatische Szenen. Durch methodische Arbeitsschritte der typologischen Zuordnung und der Eingliederung in das Gefüge der gesamten Bildkomposition lassen sich diese außergewöhlichen bildlichen Darstellungen sinnvoll erklären und thematisch einordnen.
Monitoring of trace metals, biochemical composition and growth of Axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne Risso, 1827) in offshore Copper alloy net cage
Authors: YIGIT M. , CELIKKOL B. , BULUT M. , DWYER R. , DECEW J. , OZALP B. , YILMAZ S. , KAYA H. , KIZILKAYA B. , HISAR O. , YILDIZ H. , YIGIT U. , SAHINYILMAZ M. , DWYER R. L.
Published: November 2016

The study was conducted to assess trace metal contents, biochemical composition and growth performance of axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne Risso, 1827) cultured in a copper alloy mesh cage. A total of 400 axillary seabream (initial mean weight: 176.0±14.0 g), a new candidate species for the Mediterranean aquaculture, were stocked into a high-density polyethylene frame gravity cage and fed a commercial seabream diet for a period of 6 months. At the end of the feeding trial, fish reached a final weight of 264.8±16.8 g with a weight increase of 88.8 g and a feed conversion rate of 2.51. Overall, relative growth rate, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio were satisfactory and comparable to the pelagic fishes such as gilthead seabream or European seabass, which are presently the main fish species for the Mediterranean aquaculture industry. Trace elements in fish grown in copper alloy net cages over a 6-month period showed satisfactory results, as the metal concentrations in fish tissues such as liver, skin, muscle and gills were below the reported upper limits for human consumption, indicating that copper alloy net is an acceptable and safe material for finfish cage aquaculture. Furthermore, from the growth performance data obtained in the present study, it can be concluded that axillary seabream showed potential for cage farming, and thus is a promising new candidate for the Mediterranean aquaculture industry.
Macroalgal-dominated coastal detritic communities from the Western Mediterranean and the Northeastern Atlantic
Authors: JOHER S. , BALLESTEROS E. , RODRÍGUEZ-PRIETO C.
Published: November 2016

This is a qualitative comparison of the distribution of macroalgal-dominated coastal detritic communities from the Western Mediterranean and the Northeastern Atlantic, based on our own data from the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean) and available data from literature. The macroalgal-dominated coastal detritic bottoms from both regions could be distinguished by the presence of a high number of regional exclusive non-carbonated species, and the presence of a high number of maërl-forming species in the Mediterranean. Further, regional differences in the distribution of some exclusive species allowed the distinction of three zones in the Northeastern Atlantic (United Kingdom, French Brittany and Galicia), while no differences were found within the Western Mediterranean. However, the algal communities considered in the selected literature could not be qualitatively distinguished, and all the samples should be considered as maërl beds. Lithothamnion corallioides and Phymatolithon calcareum were the most widespread maërl forming species in the two regions, while in the Western Mediterranean Spongites fruticulosus was also very frequent. According to the differences in the species composition of the basal and erect strata of these beds, and also in their species richness, five different morphologies of macroalgal-dominated detritic bottoms could be distinguished. Their main characteristic species and their biogeographical distribution are detailed.
Field experiments on individual adaptation of the spider crab Inachus phalangium to its sea anemone host Anemonia viridis in the northern Adriatic Sea
Authors: LANDMANN S. , MEYER R. , BOETTCHER A. , PFANNKUCHEN M. , MELZER R.
Published: November 2016

We studied the adaptation of the spider crab Inachus phalangium (Fabricius, 1755) to one of its sea anemone host species, Anemonia viridis (Forsskål, 1775) in the coastal region of Rovinj, Croatia. Similar to other brachyuran species, Inachus spp. generally lives within the anemone to obtain protection from possible predators. Using removal and reintroduction experiments, this study investigates the protection mechanism and shows a loss of adaptation after a period of 10 days when the crabs are taken out of their host and kept solitary. Thirty-nine anemones from two different trial sites were marked individually and the inhabiting crabs were isolated to be released back into their individual hosts later. The reactions of the anemones were closely observed and characterized to determine the respective state of crab adaptation. As 35 out of 39 individuals provoked a defense /attack reaction of the anemone, it is concluded that the crabs possessed some sort of non-permanent protection mechanism that was lost during the test run (chi-square test, p < 0.00014). All tested crabs re-inhabited their host anemones within a maximum of 20 minutes after they had been reintroduced and stung by the anemones. Therefore, habituation to the host’s defense / attack mechanism is acquired individually and not genetically inherent to the species. The results are compared to adaptation and protection data on other decapod crustaceans and some anemonefishes.