bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of preservation period on quality of chilled semen of Boer-cross bucks
Authors: Amin MA , Saha A , Bhattacharjee J , Juyena NS , Bhuiyan MMU
Published: October 2023

Characteristics of fresh semen and the effect of chilling on the quality of semen of Boer-cross bucks were studied. Fresh semen from two Boer-cross bucks was evaluated for volume, mass motility, progressive motility, viability, concentration and proportion of spermatozoa with normal acrosome, mid-piece and tail. The semen was diluted at 1:4 ratios with Tris-fructose-citrate-egg yolk extender, preserved at 4ºC for 72 hours and evaluated for progressive motility and proportion of spermatozoa with normal acrosome, mid-piece and tail at 24-hour intervals for three days. The mean volume, mass motility, progressive motility, sperm viability, sperm concentration and proportion of spermatozoa with normal acrosome, mid-piece and tail of fresh semen of Buck 1 and Buck 2 were 370.0 ± 0.1 and 410.0 ± 0.1 μl, 3.3 ± 0.4 and 3.4 ± 0.1, 74.0 ± 13.9 and 76.0 ± 6.5%, 82.3 ± 7.5 and 84.3 ± 4.2%, 2730.0 ± 740.9 × 106/ml and 2584.0 ± 470.1 × 106/ml, and 93.3 ± 2.9 and 94.9 ± 0.4%, respectively. The progressive motility in chilled semen of Buck 1 at days 1, 2 and 3 was 61.2 ± 7.3, 51.0 ± 7.3 and 39.0 ± 5.5%, respectively; in Buck 2, it was 60.6 ± 6.8, 50.2 ± 6.2 and 39.2 ± 5.4%, respectively. The difference in semen parameters among days of preservation was significant (P<0.05) in both bucks. The proportion of spermatozoa with normal acrosome, mid-piece and tail in chilled semen of Buck 1 at days 1, 2 and 3 was 88.0 ± 7.0, 88.8 ± 5.9 and 87.1 ± 7.7%, respectively; in Buck 2, it was 86.6 ± 4.8, 84.1 ± 4.6 and 81.8 ± 4.9%, respectively. It is suggested that the characteristics of fresh semen of these two Boer-cross bucks were within normal range. The quality of semen of Boer-cross bucks deteriorated with chilling up to 72 hours. Improvement of the preservation protocol is required to obtain satisfactory quality of chilled semen of Boer-cross bucks.

Bangl. vet. 2022. Vol. 39, No. 1-2, 34–42
Efficacy of Toluidine Blue Staining in Rectal Biopsy with Patients of Hirschsprung Disease
Authors: Khatun Halima , Aklima Dilara Jannat  , Susmita Naha  , Shakila Jannat  , Md Atiqur Rahman  , ASM Akramul Islam  , AFM Saleh
Published: October 2023

Background: The diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease (HD) is dependent on the histological study of rectal biopsy for ganglion cells and nerve fibers. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain is commonly used. However, diagnosis is not possible with H&E staining every time, because staining has limitations in the diagnosis of immature ganglion cells in neonates and in the submucosal area where the ganglion cells are small in number. Using Toluidine blue (Tb) stain it has become easier to identify ganglion cells.Objective: To find out the efficacy of toluidine blue staining in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out with the histological findings of 60 rectal punch biopsies and 60 full-thickness rectal biopsies from the corresponding same patients from March 2018 to February 2020. Ten cases of inadequate punch biopsy were excluded from the study. After paraffin embedding, slides were stained with H&E and Tb stains. Then stained sections were examined for the presence or absence of ganglion cells and hypertrophic nerve fibers in the submucosa and in between muscle layers. Result: Out of 50 punch biopsy cases, 33(66.0%) cases with H&E stain and 35(70.0%) cases with Tb stain showed presence of hypertrophic nerves (HN). In Non-HD cases, with H&E stain 11(22.0%) cases showed somewhat easy to identify ganglion cells. By using Tb stain ganglion cells were easy to identify in 4(8.0%) cases and somewhat easy to identify in 8(16.0%) cases. Out of 60 full-thickness rectal biopsy 38(63.30%) cases showed presence of hypertrophic nerves in both H&E and Tb stains. In Non-HD cases with H&E stain ganglion cells somewhat easy to identify in 8(13.3%) cases; easy to identify in 9(15.0%) cases and very easy to identify in 2(3.3%) cases. By using Tb stain, the identification of ganglion cells were 1(1.7%), 9(15.0%) and 9(15.0%) respectively. Study showed Tb stain was superior to H&E in the identification of ganglion cells and hypertrophic nerves.Conclusion: Toluidine blue stains should be used as the routine stain in adjunct to H&E stain to highlight ganglion cells in suspected Hirschsprung disease.KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 02, July 2023: 69-73.
Wider Inner Intercanthal Distance is a Predisposing Factor for Chronic Dacryocystitis in Adults
Authors: Most Morsheda Khatun  , Mohd Rafiqul Islam  , Rashed Mustafa  , Shahin Sharmin  , Mostarina Islam
Published: October 2023

Background: Many adult women of low socio-economic condition have been suffering from chronic dacryocystitis (CDC). Wider inner intercanthal distance (IICD) is a proposed risk factor for developing chronic dacryocystitis. A few studies have been undertaken in this regard. Objective: To find out the relationship between wider inner intercanthal distance and chronic dacryocystitis in adults. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Rajshshi Medical College, Rajshshi, Bangladesh from July 2016 to June 2017. A total number of 460 subjects were enrolled for this study. Among them, 154 were patients of chronic dacryocystitis (CDC) and 306 were healthy controls. Their IICD was measured. Results: The mean IICD of CDC group was 30.71 ± 2.26 mm whereas the mean IICD of the control group was 29.20 ± 2.08 mm. The IICD of CDC patients was observed to be higher (p<0.001) compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: Those who had wider inner intercanthal distance were more predisposed to develop chronic dacryocystitis. So, wider IICD can be regarded as a risk factor for developing chronic dacryocystitis.KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 02, July 2023: 83-86.
Tunica Vaginalis Pedicle Flap Substitution Urethroplasty for Reconstruction of Anterior Urethral Stricture
Authors: Moktadir Hossain Mridha  , Mohammad Shah Alam  , Md Maidul Islam  , Md Ali Ashraf  , K M Faisal Al Ahsan  , Amiya Dev Bhatta  , A K M Anwarul Islam
Published: October 2023

Background: In long-segment urethral stricture, substitutional urethroplasty is the best option to get long-term good results. Though buccal mucosa is the most widely used tissue, it has limitations in some oral pathology. In several publications, there is evidence that Tunica vaginalis can be used as a graft or flap to reconstruct fibrotic urethra as well as to provide a vascularized covering to prevent subsequent urethrocutaneous fistula formation. This study evaluated the efficacy of the tunica vaginalis pedicle flap’s efficacy for managing anterior urethral stricture.Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of tunica vaginalis pedicle flap for reconstruction of anterior urethral stricture by assessing change in the maximum flow rate (Qmax), International prostatic symptom index (IPSS), postvoid residual urine (PVR) from baseline and the complication of surgery.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective clinical trial conducted in the Department of Urology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2017 to June 2018. A total of 15 patients were selected from the study population according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The standard operation technique of urethroplasty by tunica vaginalis flap was followed. Patients were followed up after 3 months & 6 months to evaluate IPPS score, Qmax, flow time, PVR, and complications.Results: The mean age and stricture length of study participants were 38.93±11.38 years and 3.55±1.05 cm. The maximum flow of urine was 15.844±3.80 ml/sec at the final follow up which showed statistically significant improvement from baseline. There was also a significant improvement in IPSS, and quality of life during follow-up. Flow time and post-void residue reduced significantly from preoperative measurement. A total of 4 patients developed complications after the substitution of urethroplasty with tunica vaginalis.Conclusion: Tunica vaginalis pedicle flap may be an effective choice in the reconstruction of anterior urethral stricture.KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 02, July 2023: 79-82.
Studies on biology and preference of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) on different host plants and evaluation of botanicals for its management
Authors: Deepti B. , Pathma J.
Published: October 2023

The biology and fitness of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) was studied on bottle gourd, lady’s finger, chilli and tomato. The total larval duration was found to be 20, 22.5, 20.3 and 18.3 days on tomato, chilli, lady’s finger and bottle gourd respectively. The total life cycle was of 35.25, 40.7, 34.2 and 31.3 days on tomato, chilli, lady finger and bottle gourd respectively. Shortest life cycle was observed on bottle gourd and longest on chilli. Feeding preference and fitness of H. armigera revealed that it preferred bottle gourd over other host plants. On bottle gourd, the pest recorded highest mean larval weight gain (0.112g/ day), while the lowest was on chilli (0.090g/ day). The feeding period was 8.073 days on bottle gourd and 8.266 days on chilli. Average food ingested on bottle gourd, lady finger, chilli and tomato were 3.083, 2.347, 2.076 and 1.988g respectively. Bioefficacy of botanicals (5 % aqueous extracts of periwinkle, giloy, tulsi and lantana) against H. armigera by leaf dip bioassay using leaves of tomato showed that the average food ingested in periwinkle, giloy, tulsi, lantana and control was 0.644, 0.944, 1.038, 0.985 and 2.297g  respectively. This is the first report evidencing the insecticidal properties of aqueous extracts of giloy against H. armigera.
Effect of heat shock on embryonic development and its impact on commercial traits of silkworm Bombyx mori. L
Authors: Bavachikar Prashant N. , Lakshmi Hothur , Raju P. J. , Tettamanti Jianluca , Mohamed Amr , Mamillapalli Anitha
Published: October 2023

The early stage of an organism – embryonic stage, architects all the post embryonic developments which are governed by genetic and environmental conditions, but the effect of hot events during that stage remain obscure in the silkworm Bombyx mori L. Thus, APM1; a multivoltine parental breed of a ruling CB and APHO1 silkworm breed developed through induction of thermotolerance, and APHO1 breed to examine the impact of heat shock (HS) on the embryo and resulta nt larvae. Different developmental stages of embryo were exposed to varied HS temperatures for 2 h followed by a 2 h recovery period. After HS the eggs and the resultant larvae were reared under normal environmental conditions. Interestingly, 450C although determined as lethal temperature yielded vibrant larvae. Whereas APM1 and APHO1 eggs heat shocked at 350C exhibited increased hatching (91.66 and 69.33%), larval weight (1.72 and 3.33 g), effective rate of rearing (72.39 and 81.93%), cocoon weight (1.01 and1.6 g), shell weight (0.12 and 0.29 g), shell ratio (13.11 and 20.52%) and pupal weights (0.87 and1.29g) when compared to control APM1 and APHO1. Besides increased total protein content, expression of 205 kDa, 90 kDa and 70 kDa heat shock proteins and the glycogen content was found more on day - 3 compared to day - 2 in the embryos of APM1 and APHO1 which eventually declined as the embryonic development proceeded to hatching. This work shows that APM1 and APHO1 eggs had shown profound response to HS temperatures exhibiting varied acquired thermotolerance to overcome fluctuating environmental condition.
A checklist of robber flies (Diptera, Asilidae) of Kerala, India
Authors: Pillai Kavya G. , Bijoy C. , Cohen Chris M. , Poulose Gigi
Published: October 2023

A checklist of robber fly species reported in Kerala, India based on literature survey is provided. In this list, 87 species of robber flies representing 25 genera and eight subfamilies are enumerated. The diversity of robber flies in Kerala was highlighted. Most of the species were reported from the protected forest areas of Kerala such as Ponmudi, Anamalai hills, Idamalayar, Thekkadi, Valparai, Chembra peak, Nilambur, Peermade, Walayar, Tenmalai and Silent Valley of the Western Ghats.
Invitro screening of leaf extracts of selected plants from Lamiaceae, Asteraceae and Fabaceae against the mortality and repellency to Odoiporus longicollis (Olivier)
Authors: Hyzil J.B. , Elayidam U. Gayathri , Baiju K.V.
Published: October 2023

A study was focused on biocidal and repellent efficiencies of leaf extracts of Chromolaena odorata (L) (Asteraceae), Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) (Fabaceae), Coleus aromaticus Benth, Hyptis suaveolens (L.)Poit. (Lamiaceae) and Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asteraceae), against Odoiporus longicollis, banana pseudostem weevil. Ethanol leaf extracts of the above plants were primarily analysed for the mortality and repellency activity, the results showed that among the extracts G. sepium was most effective. Further G. sepium in various solvents like petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water were analysed for the biocidal and repellency assays, and found that, the ethyl acetate solvent of G. sepium elicited maximum effectiveness. The ethyl acetate extract of G. sepium is found as a promising biopesticide.
A check list of blow fly fauna (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of Kerala including forensically significant species
Authors: Paul M.P. Reject , Binoy C.F.
Published: October 2023

Seventeen species of blow fly belonging to four subfamilies and eight genera were recorded from Kerala based on field studies and literature. Out of the 17 species, seven are forensically significant, six are pollinators and two species each are carrion breeders and termite predators respectively. The distinguishing features and distribution of all the species are discussed.
The Analysis of Changes in Implementation to PSAK 71 Post-Covid 2019 on Allowance for Impairment Losses (In BUMN Banking Sector Companies Listed on the IDX)
Authors: Rafika Sari  , Yevi Dwitayanti
Published: October 2023

Changes in the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards from PSAK 55 to PSAK 71 require banks to use the Expected Credit Loss (ECL) method for the establishment of Allowance for Impairment Losses (CKPN). In the ECL method, banks establish CKPN from the beginning of credit recognition using the forward-looking method on macroeconomic conditions. In Indonesia's current status quo in facing the Covid-19 pandemic, the existence of PSAK has begun to be tested, adjustments must be made to financial accounting standards that are useful for strengthening the line of corporate accountability in Indonesia and able to answer Indonesia's main urgency at this time. The purpose of this paper is to produce a framework that can later become an alternative bank in making decisions for the application of the post model PSAK 71. The method in this study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive design. The consequence of applying PSAK 71 will result in a rise in CKPN on loans, which will have an impact on the company's capital. Because the method used in PSAK No. 71 will use the expected credit loss method to determine the expected credit loss, loans that were not previously formed by CKPN will be formed depending on whether there is credit risk exposure or not, as shown by BBNI and BBTN which are seen in the observation year. This will result in an increase in the amount of CKPN on loans.Since there were banks in BUMN banking that experienced an increase in CKPN on loans as indicated by BBNI and BBTN, but there were also banks that experienced a decrease in the value of CKPN on loans as indicated by BBRI, there is no clear correlation between the application of PSAK 71 and CKPN on credit.
Analysis of the Level of E-Government Implementation and Factors That Influence It (Empirical Study of Regional Government in Central Java)
Authors: Winarni Dwi , Fatchan Ilham Nuryana , Arofah Rifka Utami
Published: October 2023

The new public management is an attempt by the government to improve public accountability, transparency, and more effective and efficient performance. The application of e-Government is an innovation by local governments to realize the achievement of new public management. Not only has the aim of transparency and accountability, the use of the e-Government application system is also expected to be able to improve the performance of local governments with the principle of value for money. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the implementation of e-Government in the Regional Government of Central Java and the relationship of each of these factors to the implementation of e-Government. The research was conducted using quantitative research methods with data analysis using EViews. The results show that local revenue (PAD) has a positive effect on the level of implementation of e-Government, spending capital has no effect on e-Government implementation, local government financing has a positive effect on e-Government implementation, regional per capita income (PDRB) has no effect on implementation e-Government, the level of public education has no effect on e-Government, and the population has no effect on the implementation of e-Government.
A periprocedurális antikoagulálás gyakorlata – egy helyi konszenzus születése
Authors: Benczúr Béla , Rodek Gyula , Simon János
Published: October 2023

A periprocedurális antikoagulálás problematikája egyre gyakoribb a mindennapi betegellátásban. Alapvető a szakterületek határain átívelő, interdiszciplináris megközelítés, a különböző szakmák bevonásával létrehozott „ antikoaguláns-team” kialakítása, melyben helye van a kardiológusnak, az aneszteziológusnak, a beavatkozást végző manuális szakembernek (sebész, traumatológus, szülész, endoszkópos orvos stb.) és még a háziorvosnak is. Egy ilyen párbeszéd sokat segíthet a betegek menedzselésében, és érdemes lenne helyi, adott kórházra vonatkozó protokollok, szakmai konszenzusok megfogalmazása. Összefoglalónk áttekintést nyújt a mérlegelés szempontjairól, az alvadásgátló megszakításának és újrakezdésének javasolt gyakorlatáról, valamint a vérzések ellátásáról is.
Slab tearing and lithospheric structures in Luzon island, Philippines: constraints from P- and S-wave local earthquake tomography
Authors: Nguyen Cong-Nghia , Huang Bor-Shouh , Lee Tung-Yi , Chen Po-Fei , Nguyen Van Duong , Narag Ishmael , Bautista Bartolome C. , Melosantos Arnaldo
Published: October 2023

Luzon Island is a complex setting of seismicity and magmatism caused by the subduction of the South China Sea lithosphere and the presence of a major strike-slip fault system, the Philippine Fault. Previous studies of the structure of this subduction zone have suggested that a ridge subduction system resulted in a slab tearing along the ridge. On the other hand, the Philippine Fault plays an important role in understanding how major strike-slip faults deform and displace at a continental scale. To constrain the lithospheric geological structure in the area and refine the slab tearing model, we performed a P- and S-wave seismic tomography travel time inversion using local earthquakes. The dataset has been combined from seismic phases reported by the International Seismological Centre and new pickings from six broadband seismic stations in northern Luzon. The three-dimensional P- and S-wave velocity models in Luzon Island were analyzed by applying the LOTOS package with a one-dimensional velocity model obtained from the VELEST program. Our tomographic images indicate contrasting velocity structures across the Philippine Fault to a depth of 60 km. Therefore, we suggest that the Philippine Fault might be a lithospheric structure that displaces both the crust and the upper mantle. The results also indicate regions of low-velocity slab windows from a depth of 40 km, which are interpreted as the sites of slab tearing. Compared with focal mechanisms and earthquake occurrence in this region, we propose that slab tearing extends from the fossil ridge and creates regional kinematic perturbations. The tearing produces shallow upwelling magma to stay in the chambers beneath the crust, which is in contrast to the magmatic system observed in other regions.
Limited flexural control of fold-thrust belts on the Jurassic Sichuan Basin, South China
Authors: Wan Neng , Liu Shaofeng , Li Xueyan , Zhang Bo , Ren Rong , Chen Zhuxin
Published: October 2023

The northern part of the Jurassic Sichuan Basin has long been thought of as a foreland basin in relation to the post-collisional compression along the northern margin of the Yangtze block. However, the exact coupling mechanism between mountain building and basin formation remains unclear. Here, we integrate stratigraphic correlation, basin subsidence analysis and flexural simulation to quantitatively assess the extent to which the fold-thrust belts have controlled basin subsidence. Flexural backstripping of the stratigraphic record, spanning from 201 to 149 Ma, along two cross sections that are perpendicular to the Micangshan fold-thrust belt and the Dabashan fold-thrust belt, respectively, reveals a limited flexural control of mountain loading on basin subsidence. Owing to the short-wavelength nature of plate flexure, the basin-adjacent thrust belts exerted dominant control on basin subsidence only along its margin, with the width of the foredeeps not exceeding ca. 120 km, failing to drive subsidence in the forebulge and backbulge regions. Flexural modeling results suggest that crustal thickening was relatively weak during the Early to Middle Jurassic. This was followed by a more rapid and intense phase of crustal growth in the Late Jurassic, possibly extending into the earliest Early Cretaceous. Compared to the Micangshan region, the Dabashan region has experienced more intense compression during the Late Jurassic. Additionally, our results reveal spatial variations in plate rigidity along the northern margin of the Yangtze block, with greater plate stiffness in the Dabashan region. The presence of residual subsidence, an anomalous long-wavelength subsidence component corrected for both basin-adjacent thrust loading and associated sediment loading, highlights the necessity for an additional driving mechanism for basin subsidence. This residual subsidence was likely dynamic subsidence induced by the flat subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate (the Izanagi plate) beneath East Asia as the flat slab progressively migrated inland.
Structural validity and internal consistency of an outcome measure to assess self-reported educator capacity to support children with motor difficulties
Authors: Cahill Peter T. , Missiuna Cheryl A. , DeCola Cindy , Dix Leah , Campbell Wenonah N.
Published: October 2023

Background

Partnering for Change (P4C) is a school-based occupational therapy service intended to build the capacity of educators to support children with motor difficulties.

Aims

This paper describes the development of the Partnering for Change Educator Questionnaire and evaluates its structural validity and internal consistency.

Methods and procedures

The P4C Educator Questionnaire was completed by 1,216 educators four times across 2 years. Data from the initial time point were analysed via exploratory factor analysis (n = 436). Subsequently, Cronbach’s alpha and mean interitem correlations were calculated. Finally, the proposed factor structure was confirmed by testing it against data from times two through four using confirmatory factor analysis (n = 688).

Outcomes and results

A three-factor structure was evident and confirmed in hypothesis testing. The factor structure was interpretable according to the framework for building educator capacity used in this study. Internal consistency was high, with the total scale outperforming each subscale.

Conclusions and implications

A novel measure of educator self-reported capacity to support students with motor difficulties demonstrated structural validity and internal consistency. We currently recommend use as a complete scale accompanied by additional validation research.
An adaptive time stepping stiffness confinement method for solving reactor dynamics equations
Authors: Wang Dan , Xiao Wei , Du Zhaohui , Zhang Tengfei
Published: October 2023

The stiffness confinement method (SCM) is frequently employed to solve the reactor dynamics equations because it confines the stiffness of the problem by frequency transformation. However, the balance between the error and efficiency of the SCM has not been well studied. This paper reports the error analysis of the SCM. The error by SCM is derived mathematically and written as integral error, driven by the integral of the frequency interpolation function. An easy-to-implement adaptive time-stepping (ATS) algorithm is proposed based on the error analysis by controlling the neutron flux amplitude error. First, a fine-step PKE is leveraged to estimate the second-order derivative of the flux amplitude-frequency, which is used to predict the error of the neutron flux amplitude. The low cost of solving the PKE incurs a negligible effect on the algorithm’s efficiency. Second, based on the error analysis, an error estimator proposed to determine an optimal time-step size for the neutron temporal-spatial equation. With a pre-set error tolerance, the ATS algorithm is exempted from the empirical selection of the time-step size in transient simulations. Numerical tests with TWIGL and modified 2D LMW benchmark problems show that the optimal time-step size effectively confines the local truncation error of the flux amplitude within the pre-set tolerance. The ATS algorithm yields a higher accuracy at a commensurate computational cost than calculations with fixed time-steps.
Efficient real-time detection of electrical equipment images using a lightweight detector model
Authors: Qi Chaoliang , Chen Zhigang , Chen Xin , Bao Yuzhe , He Tianji , Hu Sijia , Li Jinheng , Liang Yanshen , Tian Fenglan , Li Mufeng
Published: October 2023

Infrared technology holds significant importance in the detection of electrical equipment, as it has the capability to swiftly and securely identify electrical apparatus. To simplify the implementation of proficient detection frameworks for electrical equipment within constrained settings (like embedded apparatus), this study presents an enhanced, lightweight model of the single-shot multibox detector (SSD). This model specifically addresses the detection of multiple equipment objects within infrared imagery. The model realized the lightweight of the model by using the network structure characteristics of squeezenet to modify the backbone network of SSD, and compensated for the impact of the lightweight model on the detection accuracy by adding multiple convolutional layers and connecting branches to enhance the propagation ability and extraction ability of features. To ensure a comprehensive evaluation of the model’s detection capabilities, all the models discussed in this study employed the technique of random weight initialization. This approach was utilized to validate the optimal structure of the model and its performance. The experimentation was conducted on both the PASCAL VOC 2007 benchmark dataset and an infrared image dataset encompassing five distinct categories of electrical equipment found within substations. The experimental outcomes indicate that this model offers an efficient approach for achieving lightweight, real-time detection of electrical apparatus.
High expression ITGA2 affects the expression of MET, PD-L1, CD4 and CD8 with the immune microenvironment in pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Jin Liquan , Duan Yaoqiang , Li Xiaoxi , Li Zhenqi , Hu Jifu , Shi Hongbo , Su Ziting , Li Zhe , Du Bilian , Chen Yiming , Tan Yunbo
Published: October 2023

Purpose

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by a grim prognosis and is regarded as one of the most formidable malignancies. Among the genes exhibiting high expression in different tumor tissues, ITGA2 stands out as a promising candidate for cancer therapy. The promotion of cancer in pancreatic cancer is not effective. The objective of this study is to assess the presence of ITGA2, EMT and PD-L1 in pancreatic cancer.

Experimental design

We examined the expression of ITGA2, MET, E-cadherin, PD-L1, CD4, and CD8 proteins in 62 pancreatic cancer tissue samples using multi-tissue immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry techniques. Functional assays, such as the cell migration assay and transwell assay, were used to determine the biological role of ITGA2 in pancreatic cancer. The relationship of ITGA2,EMT and PD-L1 were examined using Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR assay.

Results

In our study, we observed the expression of ITGA2, E-cadherin, and PD-L1 in both tumor and stroma tissues of pancreatic cancer. Additionally, a positive correlation between ITGA2, E-cadherin, and PD-L1 in the tumor region (r=0.559, P<0.001 and r=0.511, P<0.001), and PD-L1 in the stroma region (r=0.512, P<0.001).The expression levels of ITGA2, CD4, and CD8 were found to be higher in pancreatic cancer tissues compared to adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). Additionally, ITGA2 was negatively correlated with CD4 and CD8 (r = -0.344, P < 0.005 and r = -0.398, P < 0.005).Furthermore, ITGA2, CD4, and CD8 were found to be correlated with the survival time of patients (P < 0.05). Blocking ITGA2 inhibited the proliferation and invasion ability of pancreatic cancer cells significantly, Additionally, sh-ITGA2 can down-regulate the expression of EMT and PD-L1.

Conclusions

We identified a novel mechanism in which ITGA2 plays a crucial role in the regulation of pancreatic cancer growth and invasion. This mechanism involves the upregulation of MET and PD-L1 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. Additionally, we found that increased expression of ITGA2 is associated with a poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients. Furthermore, ITGA2 also affects immune regulation in these patients. Therefore, targeting ITGA2 is an effective method to enhance the efficacy of checkpoint immunotherapy and prohibiting tumor growth against pancreatic cancer.
Immunological analysis of hybrid neoantigen peptide encompassing class I/II neoepitope-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine
Authors: Morisaki Shinji , Onishi Hideya , Morisaki Takafumi , Kubo Makoto , Umebayashi Masayo , Tanaka Hiroto , Koya Norihiro , Nakagawa Shinichiro , Tsujimura Kenta , Yoshimura Sachiko , Yew Poh Yin , Kiyotani Kazuma , Nakamura Yusuke , Nakamura Masafumi , Kitazono Takanari , Morisaki Takashi
Published: October 2023

Neoantigens/ are tumor-specific antigens that evade central immune tolerance mechanisms in the thymus. Long-term tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity maintenance requires class II antigen-reactive CD4+ T cells. We had previously shown that intranodal vaccination with class I neoantigen peptide-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) induced a robust immune response in a subset of patients with metastatic cancer. The present study aimed to perform a detailed ex vivo analysis of immune responses in four patients receiving an intranodal hybrid human leukocyte antigen class II neoantigen peptide encompassing a class I neoantigen epitope (hybrid neoantigen)-pulsed DC vaccine. After vaccination, strong T-cell reactions against the hybrid class II peptide and the class I-binding neoantigen peptide were observed in all four patients. We found that hybrid class II neoantigen peptide-pulsed DCs stimulated CD4+ T cells via direct antigen presentation and CD8+ T cells via cross-presentation. Further, we demonstrated that hybrid class II peptides encompassing multiple class I neoantigen epitope-pulsed DCs could present multiple class I peptides to CD8+ T cells via cross-presentation. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying hybrid neoantigen-pulsed DC vaccine therapy and suggest future neoantigen vaccine design.
Body mass index-dependent immunological profile changes after left ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Klaeske Kristin , Messer Eva Katharina , Klein Sara , Sieg Franz , Eifert Sandra , Haunschild Josephina , Jawad Khalil , Saeed Diyar , Dashkevich Alexey , Borger Michael A. , Dieterlen Maja-Theresa
Published: October 2023

Purpose

Infection is a common complication following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. Patients with obesity are particularly at risk due to their high percentage of adipose tissue and the resulting chronic inflammatory state and resulting immunological changes. This study investigated changes of immunological parameters in relation to body mass index (BMI) during the first year after LVAD implantation.

Methods

Blood samples were obtained prior to LVAD implantation and at 3 (1st FU), 6 (2nd FU) and 12 mo (3rd FU) after LVAD implantation. Patients were divided into three groups (normal weight: BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2; n=12; pre-obesity: 25.0-29.9 kg/m2; n=15; obesity: ≥ 30.0 kg/m2; n=17) based on their BMI at the time of LVAD implantation. Flow cytometric analyses for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), B cells as well as dendritic cells (DCs) were performed.

Results

After LVAD implantation, obese patients (0.51 ± 0.20%) showed a higher proportion of overall DCs than normal-weight (0.28 ± 0.10%) and pre-obese patients (0.32 ± 0.11%, p<0.01) at 3rd FU. The proportion of BDCA3+ myeloid DCs was lower in obese patients (64.3 ± 26.5%) compared to normal-weight patients (82.7 ± 10.0%, pnormal-weight vs. obesity=0.05) at 2nd FU after LVAD implantation. The analysis of BDCA4+ plasmacytoid DCs revealed a reduced proportion in pre-obese (21.1 ± 9.8%, pnormal-weight vs. pre-obesity=0.01) and obese patients (23.7 ± 10.6%, pnormal-weight vs. obesity=0.05) compared to normal-weight patients (33.1 ± 8.2%) in the 1st FU. T cell analysis showed that CD4+ T cells of obese patients (62.4 ± 9.0%) significantly increased in comparison to pre-obese patients (52.7 ± 10.0%, ppre-obesity vs. obesity=0.05) and CD8+ T cells were lower in obese patients (31.8 ± 8.5%) than in normal-weight patients (42.4 ± 14.2%; pnormal-weight vs. obesity=0.04) at the 3rd FU. Furthermore, we observed significantly reduced proportions of Tregs in pre-obese patients compared to normal-weight and obese patients at 2nd FU (p=0.02) and 3rd FU (p=0.01) after LVAD implantation.

Conclusion

This study reported changes of the innate and adaptive immune system of pre-obese and obese compared to normal-weight patients one year after LVAD implantation. DCs and their subsets, CD8+ T cells and Tregs were affected immune cell populations that indicate immunological changes which might increase the incidence of postoperative infection.
Completeness of intervention description in invasive cardiology trials: an observational study of ClinicalTrials.gov registry and corresponding publications
Authors: Lišnić Viktoria , Ashraf Hishaam , Viđak Marin , Marušić Ana
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Non-pharmacological invasive interventions in cardiology are complex and often inadequately reported. Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide were developed to aid reporting and assessment of non-pharmacological interventions. The aim of our study was to assess the completeness of describing invasive cardiology interventions in clinical trials at the level of trial registration and corresponding journal article publication.

Methodology

We searched for clinical trials in invasive cardiology registered in Clinicaltrials.gov and corresponding journal publications. We used the 10-item TIDieR checklist for registries and 12-item checklist for journal publications.

Results

Out of 7,017 registry items retrieved by our search, 301 items were included in the analysis. The search for corresponding published articles yielded 192 journal publications. The majority of trials were funded by the industry and were medical device trials. The median number of reported TIDieR items was 4.5 (95% CI 4.49–4.51) out of 10, and while the corresponding journal articles reported 6.5 (95% CI 6.0–6.5) out of 12 TIDieR items.

Conclusion

Registration and reporting of invasive cardiology trials is often incomplete and adequate detailed description of the interventions is not provided. TIDieR checklist is an important tool which should be used to ensure rigorous reporting of non-pharmacological interventions in cardiology.
Topiramate alters the gut microbiome to aid in its anti-seizure effect
Authors: Thai K'Ehleyr , Taylor Michael W. , Fernandes Tatiane , Akinade Eunice A. , Campbell Susan L.
Published: October 2023

Introduction

There is a growing interest in the role of the gut microbiota in epilepsy, however, it is unclear if anti-seizure medications (ASMs) play a role in the gut-brain axis. To test this, we investigated the impact of the ASM topiramate on the gut microbiome of mice.

Methods

C57BL/6J mice were administered topiramate in their drinking water for 5 weeks. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed on fecal samples collected at 5 weeks. Analysis of alpha diversity, beta diversity, and differential abundance were performed. Cecal contents were analyzed for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) composition. Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindling was performed in saline, topiramate, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and topiramate and Lactobacillus johnsonii treated mice. Mice received PTZ injection every other day for a total of twelve injections, seizure activity was video monitored for 30 minutes and scored.

Results and discussion

Our study revealed that topiramate ingestion significantly increased Lactobacillus johnsonii in the gut microbiome of naïve mice. Treatment with topiramate and Lactobacillus johnsonii together, but not alone, reduced susceptibility to PTZ-induced seizures. Co-treatment also significantly increased the percent of butyrate and the abundance of butyrate-producing family Lachnospiraceae in the gut, and elevated the GABA/glutamate ratio in the cortex. Our results demonstrate that an ASM can alter the gut microbiome to aid in their anti-seizure effect in vivo and suggest the potential of the probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonii as an adjunct therapy with topiramate in reducing seizure susceptibility.
Case Report: Efficacy of albumin dialysis for the reversal of bile cast nephropathy-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Issac Aaron G. , Yu Michael A. , Rogers Desiree M. , Subramanian Ram M.
Published: October 2023

Background

Bile cast nephropathy (BCN) is an underdiagnosed renal complication associated with severe hyperbilirubinemia and is seen in patients with liver failure who have cholestatic complications. BCN-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) can require hemodialysis (HD), and the molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) is a potentially useful therapeutic option.

Case summary

A 57-year-old male presented with jaundice persisting for 1 month, with laboratory test results indicative of hyperbilirubinemia and AKI. Abdominal imaging and a biopsy confirmed biliary ductal dilation secondary to a pancreatic head mass. The patient had rapidly progressive renal failure and refractory hyperbilirubinemia, despite biliary decompression, and was started on HD. Subsequent therapy with albumin dialysis therapy using MARS was successful in reversing the AKI, the cessation of HD, and the restoration of native renal function.

Conclusion

In the setting of BCN-induced AKI, timely initiation of MARS can provide a useful therapeutic strategy to reverse renal dysfunction and facilitate intrinsic renal recovery.
Chronic supplementation of a multi-ingredient herbal supplement increases speed of cognitive task performance alongside changes in the urinary metabolism of dopamine and the gut microbiome in cognitively intact older adults experiencing subjective memory decline: a randomized, placebo controlled, parallel groups investigation
Authors: Wightman Emma , Khan Julie , Smith Ellen , Rolfe Vivien , Smith Darren , Young Greg , Cheung William , Kennedy David
Published: October 2023

Background

The effects of herbs on brain function are often investigated in isolation, yet herbal preparations are often complex combinations of phytochemicals, designed to target widespread mechanisms.

Objective

To assess the effects of chronic, 12 weeks, supplementation of a multi-ingredient herbal supplement (containing Bacopa monnieri, Gotu kola leaf, Turmeric whole powder, Reishi full spectrum, Rosemary, Cardamom, Holy Basil, Turmeric Wholistic™ extract, Green Tea & Seagreens) on cognitive function in older adults with subjective memory decline. Secondly, to investigate whether effects are underpinned by shifts in microbial composition and/or metabolism of the herbs.

Methods

Male and female participants (N = 128) aged between 55–75 years completed lab-based cognitive assessments, and provided stool and urine samples, at baseline and then following 90 days of multi-ingredient herb, or placebo, supplementation.

Results

Deficits in memory were observed in response to 90 days of multi-ingredient herbal supplement supplementation but the positive effects were all focused on speed of cognitive task performance, with an additional improvement in the false alarm rate on the rapid visual information processing task. These improvements coincided with an increased presence of tyrosine in the urinary metabolome and this may implicate the role of dopamine in these processing and/or motor speed increases. Finally, multi-ingredient herbal supplementation significantly reduced levels of 3 bacterial species in the gut microbiome and one of these, Sutterella, coincides with lower levels of constipation reported in the multi-ingredient herbal supplement condition.

Conclusion

A multi-ingredient herbal supplement increases speed of cognitive task performance and increased metabolism of tyrosine suggests that this is modulated by increased dopaminergic activity. Reduced levels of Sutterella in the gut is associated with improved bowel movements of participants. Interpretation of the negative effects on memory are, however, stymied by an unequal randomization of participants into treatment groups pre- and post-COVID 19.

Clinical trial registration: identifier NCT05504668.
Long-term follow-up of complete remission in a patient with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib: a case report
Authors: Adžić Gordan , Prejac Juraj , Pleština Stjepko
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 90% of primary liver cancer and can be caused by well-known risk factors, including infection with hepatitis B and C viruses, alcohol intake, and metabolic syndrome. The overall prognosis remains poor with a median survival of 1 year for symptomatic advanced-stage cases treated with systemic therapies.

Case description

In July 2020, a 73-year-old male patient presented at our institution with mild abdominal pain and an attack of intense cold. After a radiological workup, the diagnosis of HCC located in the caudate lobe was established. The patient underwent atypical caudate lobe resection, and pathology confirmed the diagnosis of grade 3 HCC. Postoperative MRI showed a new metastasis in the 6th liver segment 1.3 cm in diameter, and a PVT progression which now affected the whole right lobe. The patient was started on sorafenib and demonstrated a complete response which still lasts for more than two years.

Conclusion

We present a rare case of a patient who demonstrated a complete response to sorafenib treatment in advanced HCC with unfavorable prognostic factors.
Cardiac self-limiting rhabdomyomas in a neonatal patient with tuberous sclerosis complex: a case report with negative genetic testing
Authors: Zhou Huatao , Zheng Zilong , Tu Zhi , Li Yichen , Yang Jinfu , Fan Chengming
Published: October 2023

Background

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a hereditary condition that leads to the development of non-malignant neoplasms in various organs, including cardiac rhabdomyomas, which can cause significant complications.

Case presentation

This report describes the case of a 15-day-old male neonate who was hospitalized due to intracardiac masses and brain lesions, despite the absence of TSC gene mutations. The patient's mother exhibited facial angiofibromas, a common feature of TSC. Over a 2-year follow-up period, spontaneous regression of the cardiac tumor was observed.

Conclusions

This case illustrates that not all TSC cases exhibit detectable TSC gene mutations. Current treatment strategies, such as mTOR inhibitors, offer potential effectiveness in managing associated cardiac rhabdomyomas. Further research should focus on evaluating the therapeutic potential of these inhibitors.
Time course of cerebral oxygenation and cerebrovascular reactivity in Kyrgyz highlanders. A five-year prospective cohort study
Authors: Luyken Matthias C. , Appenzeller Paula , Scheiwiller Philipp M. , Lichtblau Mona , Mademilov Maamed , Muratbekova Aybermet , Sheraliev Ulan , Abdraeva Ainura , Marazhapov Nuriddin , Sooronbaev Talant M. , Ulrich Silvia , Bloch Konrad E. , Furian Michael
Published: October 2023

Introduction: This prospective cohort study assessed the effects of chronic hypoxaemia due to high-altitude residency on the cerebral tissue oxygenation (CTO) and cerebrovascular reactivity.

Methods: Highlanders, born, raised, and currently living above 2,500 m, without cardiopulmonary disease, participated in a prospective cohort study from 2012 until 2017. The measurements were performed at 3,250 m. After 20 min of rest in supine position while breathing ambient air (FiO2 0.21) or oxygen (FiO2 1.0) in random order, guided hyperventilation followed under the corresponding gas mixture. Finger pulse oximetry (SpO2) and cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy assessing CTO and change in cerebral haemoglobin concentration (cHb), a surrogate of cerebral blood volume changes and cerebrovascular reactivity, were applied. Arterial blood gases were obtained during ambient air breathing.

Results: Fifty three highlanders, aged 50 ± 2 years, participated in 2017 and 2012. While breathing air in 2017 vs. 2012, PaO2 was reduced, mean ± SE, 7.40 ± 0.13 vs. 7.84 ± 0.13 kPa; heart rate was increased 77 ± 1 vs. 70 ± 1 bpm (p < 0.05) but CTO remained unchanged, 67.2% ± 0.7% vs. 67.4% ± 0.7%. With oxygen, SpO2 and CTO increased similarly in 2017 and 2012, by a mean (95% CI) of 8.3% (7.5–9.1) vs. 8.5% (7.7–9.3) in SpO2, and 5.5% (4.1–7.0) vs. 4.5% (3.0–6.0) in CTO, respectively. Hyperventilation resulted in less reduction of cHb in 2017 vs. 2012, mean difference (95% CI) in change with air 2.0 U/L (0.3–3.6); with oxygen, 2.1 U/L (0.5–3.7).

Conclusion: Within 5 years, CTO in highlanders was preserved despite a decreased PaO2. As this was associated with a reduced response of cerebral blood volume to hypocapnia, adaptation of cerebrovascular reactivity might have occurred.