bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Allah Yang Menderita sebagai Kekuatan Menghadapi Penderitaan
Authors: Bembid Fransiskus Sailtus
Published: April 2024

This paper describes the suffering God as strength in facing suffering. This research departs from the philosophical-theological issues about evil and suffering in relation to the existence of God; If God exists why is there evil and suffering? Philosophy by using pure reason tries to keep looking for answers to the problem and the final answer is that there is no satisfactory answer. Whereas theology, based on revelation and with the help of reason, provides the final answer that closes the entire series of questions, namely that evil and suffering are mysteries. Humans will not get a definite answer to this problem, but one thing that is certain is that humans experience evil and suffering in the world. Therefore, there are two main problems involved in this research. First, what is the philosophical-theological view of the existence of God in relation to the phenomenon of evil and human suffering? Second, what is the Christian response to human suffering in light of the event of God suffering? This study uses a qualitative method with a doctrinal approach. This research more or less refers to the Encyclical Salvifici Doloris from John Paul II, the Encyclical Spe Salvi from Benedict XVI, and the book Iman Katolik: Buku Informasi dan Referensi from the Indonesian Bishops' Conference. This research found two things, first, Christ's suffering on the cross is proof of God's existence. Second, the God who suffers is strength in the face of suffering.
Membidik Pertautan Teologis antara Tubuh dan Ibadah Menurut Roma 12:1
Authors: Blegur Romelus
Published: April 2024

The orientation of the body to worship God through worship is an important principle in Christianity because it is for this purpose that humans were created by God. However, the problem that is immediately faced is the emergence of various discourses about the body which tend not to open up space for connectivity between the body and worship as a meaningful relationship for human existence as religious beings. The problem is that the body is often seen as a material object that is mortal and does not contain any special qualities in the practice of worship. Even if the body is useful, it is only a means that is limited in time and space. The aim of this research is to question this perspective based on the text Romans 12:1 and target the theological connection between the body and worship in their respective specialties. This research uses a library research method by investigating through literature selected according to the objectives of this research and supported by hermeneutics as a method of interpreting biblical texts. The results of this research show that the theological link between the body and worship is visible through the destination of the body and the continuity of worship which is eternal or eternal. This is what allows the offering of the body to become a manifestation of true worship to God.
Tratado sobre el matrimonio, de Joaquín Lizarraga (año 1782). VII
Authors: Apecechea Perurena Juan
Published: April 2024

Entre los múltiples manuscritos de Joaquín Lizarraga, escritos en el euskara de la zona de Pamplona, aparece un tratado sobre el matrimonio. Está fechada en el año 1782 y no había sido publicado hasta ahora. Es un comentario teológico-pastoral sobre este sacramento, distribuido en ocho sermones. En el presente artículo se da a la luz el texto original del último de ellos, acompañado de su traducción y unas notas lingüísticas. El autor señala los criterios a tener en cuenta en el momento de la elección del cónyuge. Las cualidades morales deben prevalecer por encima de cualquier estimación materialista. El texto tiene especial interés por su trasfondo antropológico y social.
El Avemaría y la Salve en un documento vasco del s. XVI
Authors: Satrústegui José M.ª
Published: April 2024

Con la entrega del Avemaría y la Salve concluye la presentación del manuscrito de Areso. Este breve testimonio vasco del siglo XVI resulta interesante, aparte de su antigüedad, por la influencia de los dialectos vasco-franceses y por los curiosos datos morfológicos que aporta.
Algunos aspectos mitológicos de la teoría Vasco-Armenia
Authors: Sarkisian Vahan
Published: April 2024

El trabajo presenta materiales para un estudio comparativo de la Mitología vasca y la armenia. Aunque las evidentes coincidencias no permitieran establecer el parentesco étnico entre vascos y armenios, descubre sin embargo la existencia de un sustrato común con sugerentes perspectivas para la investigación antropológica, etnográfica y lingüística de los respectivos países.
Baten, batetan/batean izen-syntagma mugagabeak
Authors: Irigoien Alfonso
Published: April 2024

Lan honetan Ibon Sarasola-ren artikulu «Bat mugatua eta mugagabea literatur tradizioan» titulua duenari erantzuten zaio, eta bere puntuan jarri nahi da euskarazko izen-sytagma mugagabeen kontua, zein ez baitira ez singular eta ez plural numero gramatikalari dagokionez, hizkuntzan substantivo-adjektivoek ez baitute numeroaren moziorik, eta horretarako artikulua edo beste mugatzaile mozioa dutenak era behar baitira. Halako syntagmek, gainera, ezezko phrasean adjektivo gabe doazenean negazio absolutua egiten laguntzen dute. Gainera protasi kondizional baiezko eta ezezkoetan ere agertzen dira, galdezko phrase baiezko eta ezezkoetan, eta abar, eta abar. Baiezko phrase absolutuetan, ordea, restrikzioak nabari dira, haiek adierazkor-expresivoak, eta abar, direnean baino ezin ager baitaitezke. Halako syntagmak kolektivo edo bestelako ere ez dira, zentzu horiek adierazteko mugatzaile egokiak har baititzakete.Hizkuntzaren normalizazio larregizko dekretu-golpez eginikoari ere kontra egiten zaio.
Aintzinako zubereraren aztarna batzu
Authors: Peillen Txomin
Published: April 2024

Ikerketa honetan eta hizkuntza zaharraren ezagutzeko nola jende izen leku izen, hitz zaharkitu, erro eta atzizki baztertuez balia ditekeen azpimarratu nahi izan dugu eta halaxen erakutsi zuberera aintziña beste euskalkietaz hurbilago zela, euskara batuago zela. Leku izen askoren erran nahia ulertu behar dugunean lapurdiera eta gehienean bizkaiera erabili behar ditugu; bestalde zerrenda baten bidez ikusten dugu ez dela ia Zuberoan, toponimia nagusian, izenik Araban edota Nafarroan berdina ez dutenik (erkaketa hori gipuzkerari ta bizkaiera osoari ez dugularik hedatu)
Tratado de métrica vasca (1872)
Authors: Altuna Patxi
Published: April 2024

Un manuscrito inédito de 1872, que es en sustancia un breve tratado de Métrica Vasca, sin precedentes hasta la fecha, es el que hoy publicamos. Su autor, el P. José Ignacio Arana, jesuita, natural de Azcoitia, muerto en Oña en 1896, es conocido como vascófilo estrechamente relacionado con las figuras más relevantes del mundo de la cultura vasca de su siglo, tales como el Príncipe Bonaparte, Duvoisin, Sabino Arana, en particular con los dos primeros, por razón del destierro durante el que residió en Poyanne. Versificador él, si no poeta, y autor de no pocas composiciones, no extraña que amara de corazón la forma peculiar de la versificación en vasco y poseyera una amplia erudición sobre el tema, como se echa de ver en las numerosas citas de autores, más de veinticinco, cuyos versos aduce.
Efemérides
Authors: Linguae Vasconum Fontes
Published: April 2024

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Ir hacia el río en Montevideo entre 1829 y 1862
Authors:   , Fernández Amodio Lorena María
Published: April 2024

Este estudio se propone indagar sobre las formas de relacionarse con las aguas y de ir hacia el río, de quienes habitaban Montevideo durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX. El recorte temporal coincide con las fuentes utilizadas para el trabajo. De las formas de ir al río, interesa particularmente la práctica de los baños. Edictos policiales y otros registros, aparecen publicados en los diarios de la época, mostrando que existe una práctica que necesita ser regulada para formar parte de una civilidad naciente, se trata de los baños en el río. El final del período coincide con la publicación de un Manual de higiene, escrito específicamente para la ciudad de Montevideo por el médico francés Adolphe Brunel, que contiene un capítulo titulado “Baños de mar”. Partiendo de que toda práctica dice acerca de la sensibilidad de la época y que todo intento por regularla forma parte de la educación de los cuerpos; nos preguntamos cómo dialogan y conviven las formas de ir al agua con dichos intentos de regulación. De qué formas se entretejían estos procesos, conformando la relación de las montevideanas y los montevideanos con el río.
RELATIONSHIP OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KIDNEYS WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC AND SOMATOTYPOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN THE DONETSK REGION
Authors: Basii Raisa , Bondarenko Nadezhda , Skiba Denis , Beshulia Olga , Povazhnaya Elena , Mikhaylichenko Vyacheslav , Parshin Dmitry , Gorbunov Alexey
Published: April 2024

The article presents updated data reflecting the quantitative characteristics of the kidneys in representatives of various somatotypes among adolescent girls in the Donetsk region. Given the high level of morbidity of the urinary system, regular review of echographic patterns of kidney normality is necessary. Determining the features of kidney size depending on the somatotype is an important task of morphology, corresponding to the modern trends of an individual approach in medicine. The information obtained is undoubtedly of value for ultrasound specialists, nephrologists, as well as scientists in theoretical medicine. Materials and Methods: The object of the study was 150 polypositional ultrasound scans of the right and left kidneys of apparently healthy adolescent girls in the Donetsk region (75 subjects). The scans were obtained during a study in B-mode of the gray scale in standard positions (on the back and on the side) using the Radmir device, with a convex sensor. Anthropometric measurements were carried out according to the generally accepted V.V. Bunak’s method. Somatotyping was performed according to the Sheldon's method as modified by Heath and Carter. Calculations were carried out in the Statistica 13 program. Results: the subjects were divided into three groups, according to their specific somatotype. Morphometric ultrasound parameters of the right and left kidneys were obtained. During the statistical analysis, we established distinctive features of the morphometric parameters of the kidneys depending on the somatotypological affiliation of adolescent girls of the Donetsk region. Conclusion: statistically significant differences were found in the quantitative characteristics of the right and left kidneys in representatives of different somatotypes.
ROLE OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING IN CARDIO-ONCOLOGY: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Ignatenko Gregory , Sedakov Igor , Mikhaylichenko Vyacheslav , Bondarenko Nadezhda , Kolycheva Olga , Parshin Dmitry
Published: April 2024

Antitumor drugs are toxic to the cardiovascular system and directly affect cardiac function and anatomy. During the treatment of oncology, patients may experience complications in the form of asymptomatic myocardial dysfunction, severe heart failure, exacerbation of symptoms of coronary heart disease, thromboembolic complications, arterial and pulmonary hypertension, pericardial complications, valve defects and arrhythmias. A number of diagnostic tools are currently available to cardio-oncologists to detect cardiotoxicity, and the choice of imaging method depends on the availability of the specific diagnostic modality and its resolution. The main method for assessing the condition of the heart in cancer patients is echocardiography - a widely available method that enables to assess the structure of the heart and hemodynamics without exposing the patient to an additional dose of ionizing radiation. If imaging is insufficient, the recommended method for assessing cardiac structure and function is magnetic resonance imaging. Computed tomography of the chest, heart and coronary arteries is also used to diagnose complications of cancer treatment. In addition, nuclear medicine techniques, including gated radionuclide ventriculography, are also used to diagnose cardiotoxicity. Electroanatomical mapping systems combined with remote navigation are promising. Early detection of subclinical left ventricular myocardial dysfunction in cancer patients receiving potentially cardiotoxic drugs is advisable and aimed at secondary prophylaxis and prevention of mortality from cardiovascular diseases.
THE USE OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA IN THE TREATMENT OF ALOPECIA - A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Marcinkiewicz Anita , Ochotnicka Aleksandra , Zatyka Piotr , Olczyk Maja , Pawłowska Agata , Rabenda Michal , Janik Piotr
Published: April 2024

Alopecia is a commonly occurring medical condition. Various types of alopecia are distinguished, with the most common being androgenetic alopecia affecting both men and women. Standard treatments do not always yield the expected results, hence the search for alternative forms of therapy for this condition. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used in medicine for a long time, but it has gained popularity in aesthetic medicine and dermatology in recent years. The action of PRP includes stimulating collagen formation. The therapeutic effects of PRP therapy in alopecia are achieved through the synergistic action of various types of growth factors. Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma therapy for baldness, to compare its effectiveness with other treatment methods and to present this issue to the reader. Methods: Analysis of issues related to baldness and platelet-rich plasma therapy from PubMed sources and comparison of the effectiveness of this therapy with other methods. Conclusions: Treatment with PRP for androgenetic alopecia results in an increase in overall hair density. In chronic plaque alopecia, such therapy leads, among other things, to increased hair regrowth. Combined therapy of PRP with minoxidil in androgenetic alopecia yields better results than using these methods separately. The same applies to combined therapy of PRP with finasteride. However, minoxidil with PRP yields better results than finasteride with PRP.
Educational Introduction to ASEAN Countries for Class VIII Middle School Students Using Game Media
Authors: Aji Muhammad , Fauzi Hafizh Nur
Published: April 2024

Current technological developments are increasingly rapid. The use of games supports students in the learning process in class. When the material is about getting to know countries in ASEAN, students will be more likely to get bored because the introduction to maps of countries, capital cities, and natural features can only be found in books. There needs to be learning media that must be used by teachers so that students don't get bored quickly in learning. The ASEAN Country Introduction application is intended for elementary school students to study and get to know ASEAN Member Countries, where students can learn more easily than just reading about it in books, which sometimes have less interesting content, and also to increase their knowledge. This research aims to make it easier for teachers to deliver material and make it easier for students to learn material introducing ASEAN countries. This educational game was developed using the MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Cycle) method. Therefore, an educational game introducing countries in ASEAN was created which follows the "Merdeka Belajar" curriculum. From the results of the survey of 30 respondents, an average score of 92.19% was obtained so that they were included in the Strongly Agree category for games to be applied as alternative learning media.
Design of TOEFL English Exam Simulation Application Model for Trisila Dharma Polytechnic Student Environment
Authors: Purwanti Risda , Putri Rismayanti
Published: April 2024

The Language Training Unit is a forum for an institution to manage language-related activities. In improving the quality of an educational institution, the need for performance is very much considered. Language Training Unit which aims to improve the quality of students in terms of language understanding. Multilingual skills in the Trisila Dharma Polytechnic environment need to be developed, especially for students and all teaching staff in the environment. The need for TOEFL implementation is one of the considerations of Trisila Dharma Polytechnic, where the function and benefits of TOEFL have become one of the obligations of most universities in Indonesia. This language skill can also be used as a companion to a diploma in accordance with Indonesian regulations, namely through the Ministry of Education and Culture Institution no. 81 of 2014. This background underlies the design of the TOEFL test simulation application at the Trisila Dharma Polytechnic Language UPT. The author used observation, interview, questionnaire, and literature study techniques to collect data. The system development method used is the waterfall method. This application can be used to make TOEFL implementation easier, especially the type of assessment that uses website-based information technology.
Modeling and Design for a Sun Tracker Prototype Using Solar Cell and Arduino
Authors: Pangestu Yuliadi Fajar , Santiko Irfan
Published: April 2024

Solar cells are devices that can convert sunlight into electrical energy directly using photovoltaic technology. One of the factors that influences optimal absorption from solar cells is the installation of the solar cell surface. Installing the solar cell surface perpendicular to direct sunlight will maximize the energy produced. But in reality, most solar cell installations are still static or permanent with a fixed elevation angle so the solar cells cannot get the maximum intensity of sunlight because the sun always moves from east to west. Based on the existing problems, this prompted the author to create a prototype sun tracker to optimize solar cell absorption. This research uses experimental research methods with methods of data collection, observation, literature study, and system development from planning, needs analysis, design, testing, and results analysis. This system will work by directing the surface of the solar cell so that it is perpendicular to the direction of sunlight to Get maximum solar energy by using Arduino Uno as the main control which gets input values from the LDR sensor which is then processed and Arduino Uno will order the servo motor to move the solar cell towards the incoming sunlight. Monitoring this prototype work system uses a 16x2 LCD and also adds an IoT (Internet of Things) feature for monitoring the prototype work system remotely via smartphone.
Design of Citizen Fund Management Applications in Village Level Communities
Authors: Arif Choirul , Hamzah Arifudin , Reza Himmatur
Published: April 2024

Information technology, in general, can provide convenience for users in projecting data processing systems, in recording and recapping annual calculations as a distribution of the results of village-level fund management ("jimpitan") for each member, causing officers to experience difficulties so that the process of sharing the results of village level fund management becomes long and sometimes inaccurate calculations between the officer's recording book and the records of each individual member of the Village community. The aim of this research is to analyze the daily transaction recording system, as well as a recap of annual calculations as a guideline for distribution for village members and then design a system to make it easier to record daily transactions, as well as a recap of annual calculations of distribution for community members in Pandanaran Village, Banjarnegara. The methods that will be used in this writing are analysis methods and design methods. The results achieved from this research are to produce a cash fund management application that can assist officers in the process of recording daily transactions, as well as recapping the distribution of cash fund management proceeds for cash fund management patrol members in Pandanaran Village, Banjarnegara. So it is hoped that it can help and simplify its performance.
Infancias, escuela y trama afectiva. Hacia la construcción de una episteme integral
Authors: Nudelman Silvia
Published: April 2024

La infancia como constructo social de la modernidad constituye un objeto de estudio de distintos campos de las Ciencias Sociales, pero también un objeto de intervención político-pedagógica. Este artículo tiene como propósito elaborar cruces interdisciplinarios en torno a la relación educación, escuela e infancias. Desde sus inicios la institución educativa se ocupó de la modelación de las sensibilidades y del disciplinamiento de los cuerpos de niños y niñas, contribuyendo a la construcción de un sujeto-infante hegemónico. En la actualidad los procesos de transformación cultural caracterizado por la economía del consumo, el auge desmedido de las nuevas tecnologías, los medios de comunicación y la desigualdad creciente producen nuevas subjetividades, así como diversas representaciones y discursos sobre estos sujetos. Esta reconstrucción teórica se realiza en el marco de una investigación socioeducativa que tiene como propósito comprender las experiencias emocionales que construyen niños y niñas en escuelas primarias situadas en contextos de vulnerabilidad social en Misiones, Argentina.
Da planta ao prato: estudo da intenção de compra da farinha de ora-pro-nóbis
Authors: Lopes Reinaldo De Camargo , Ferretto Luana Rodrigues , Kindlein Liris , Altvater Elza Eliza , Dias Valéria Da Veiga , Revillion Jean Philippe Palma
Published: April 2024

Este estudo enfoca a sustentabilidade na produção de alimentos, um assunto de importância global. A ora-pro-nóbis (OPN), uma alternativa vegetal de alto valor nutritivo e baixo custo de produção, é destacada como uma oportunidade para impulsionar a sustentabilidade e a diversificação de renda no agronegócio. A pesquisa utiliza a Teoria do Comportamento Planejado (TPB) para investigar a intenção de compra da farinha de OPN e como os atributos percebidos de saudabilidade e sustentabilidade influenciam a atitude dos consumidores. Os dados coletados por meio de um questionário foram analisados utilizando a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. Os resultados indicam que os fatores da TPB influenciaram de maneira variada a intenção de compra do produto farinha de OPN. A percepção dos atributos de saudabilidade e sustentabilidade teve um impacto positivo na atitude dos consumidores. Fatores como a consciência ecológica, a relação homem/natureza e a preocupação com as gerações futuras podem influenciar a intenção de compra. O modelo teórico se mostrou satisfatório, sugerindo que ele pode ser reaplicado em diferentes contextos para ser validado e consolidado.
APLIKASI METODE SHERPA DAN POKA YOKE DALAM PROSES PRODUKSI KARET SLIWER SEPATU UNTUK MENGURANGI RISIKO KESALAHAN MANUSIA
Authors: Fahrul Pratama Vegas , Ni Luh Putu Hariastuti
Published: April 2024

Human error merupakan kesalahan yang terjadi ketika seseorang melakukan tugas atau aktivitas tertentu yang mengarah pada kesalahan atau ketidaksempurnaan dalam hasil atau proses tersebut. Identifikasi human error pada proses produksi memiliki beberapa fungsi yang penting untuk meningkatkan keselamatan, efisiensi, dan kualitas dalam lingkungan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi human error pada proses produksi karet sliwer di departemen foxing PT. XYZ serta mengevaluasi potensi risiko dan kesalahan manusia yang mungkin terjadi. Metode yang digunakan adalah SHERPA untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab kesalahan. Evaluasi risiko human error dilakukan dengan menerapkan diagram Pareto, yang mengungkapkan 7 (tujuh) errors dengan tingkat keparahan tertinggi. Dampak dari kesalahan ini meliputi kerusakan bahan dan potensi kecelakaan kerja bagi operator. Perbaikan direncanakan berdasarkan evaluasi risiko tersebut. Perancangan tindakan perbaikan mencakup pengendalian dengan SOP baru, desain kerja yang disesuaikan, dan penggunaan alat ergonomi. Aplikasi metode SHERPA memberikan panduan sistematis dalam mengatasi human error pada proses produksi, mengurangi risiko kesalahan manusia, dan meningkatkan efisiensi serta kualitas produksi secara keseluruhan.
ANALISIS DOWNTIME PADA BAGIAN PENGEMASAN DI INDUSTRI BISKUIT
Authors: Wibowo Yuli , Asad Hanif  Ahras Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini mengangkat permasalahan downtime pada industri biskuit, dengan studi kasus pada PT XYZ. Downtime pada PT XYZ sering terjadi pada bagian pengemasan yang menggunakan sistem kontinyu yang berdampak pada kerugian perusahaan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi lini pengemasan yang mengalami downtime, menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya downtime pada suatu lini pengemasan, dan memberikan rekomendasi untuk mengurangi downtime pada lini pengemasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa metode quality tools untuk mencapai tujuan. Diagram pareto digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi lini pengemasan dan mencari kejadian yang paling sering terjadi hingga mengakibatkan downtime. Diagram Ishikawa digunakan untuk mencari akar permasalahan. Diagram pohon digunakan untuk mencari solusi. Diagram PDPC digunakan untuk mencari potensi masalah yang akan timbul ketika rekomendasi dilaksanakan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah didapatkan lini pengemasan delapan merupakan lini dengan downtime tertinggi. Penyebab downtime dari lini delapan adalah plastik OPP yang sering putus. Rekomendasi perbaikan yang diberikan adalah agar dilakukan kegiatan preventive maintenance secara rutin, teratur dan terspesialisasi serta pembuatan instruksi kerja sebagai bentuk standarisasi jalannya kegiatan.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN MUTU PRODUK RED SNAPPER FILLET DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SEVEN TOOLS
Authors: Intan Mayzura Vony , Mubarok A. S. F. Q. R. , A. W. B. Kusuma , Perdana Perdana
Published: April 2024

Red snapper fillet natural merupakan salah satu produk fillet yang terbuat dari ikan kakap merah dengan bentuk daging fillet skin on, tanpa sisik dan tanpa duri. Selama proses produksi, ditemukan dua kecacatan pada produk tersebut yakni daging hancur dan ukuran undersize. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui jenis kecacatan yang paling sering terjadi, batas kendali terhadap kecacatan yang ada, dan menentukan penyebab kecacatan sehingga dapat ditemukan solusi untuk perbaikan selanjutnya. Metode yang digunakan yakni deskripstif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan seven tools quality control, diantaranya flowchart, checksheet, pareto diagram, histogram, scatter diagram, control chart dengan jenis atribut p-chart, dan fishbone diagram. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, total kecacatan memiliki persentase sebesar 0,18% dengan kecacatan yang paling sering terjadi yakni daging hancur sebanyak 4,79 kg dengan persentase 62,86%. Kemudian, kecacatan berupa undersize berjumlah 2,83 kg dengan persentase 37,14%. Hasil dari scatter diagram menunjukkan korelasi yang sangat lemah dengan nilai r= 0,0223. Pada grafik control chart diperoleh hasil nilai CL= 0,005; UCL= 0,072; dan LCL= 0,000. Kecacatan tersebut dapat dikatakan normal dan wajar karena tidak melewati batas kendali atas maupun batas kendali bawah pada grafik control chart. Penyebab kecacatan tersebut terdiri dari empat aspek, yakni material, methode, man dan machine. Pengendalian mutu produk fillet sudah dilakukan dengan baik, namun tindakan perbaikan perlu dilakukan agar ekspor produk tersebut dapat dilakukan secara maksimal.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS MESIN AIR JET LOOM MENGGUNAKAN METODE OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS DAN AGE REPLACEMENT PADA DEPARTEMEN WEAVING PT PRIMISSIMA
Authors: Salsabila Noviana , Setiafindari Widya
Published: April 2024

PT Primissima merupakan salah satu perusahaan BUMN yang bergerak pada bidang industri tekstil dengan melakukan perbaikan mesin apabila terjadi kerusakan (breakdown maintenance), hal ini menyebabkan produksi tidak berjalan sesuai dengan target. Selama bulan Januari sampai dengan agustus 2023 mengalami perbaikan mesin sebanyak 5 - 20 kali dalam waktu perbaikan 10 - 120 menit. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut digunakan metode TPM dengan menerapkan indikator OEE serta six big losses untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas mesin dengan standar JIPM dan faktor penyebab permasalahan terjadinya penurunan efektivtitas mesin serta dilakukan perhitungan interval melalui metode Age Replacement untuk penerapan preventive maintenance. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah diketahui nilai OEE 78,30% dimana nilai ini belum memenuhi standar JIPM yaitu 85%, nilai OEE adalah hasil perkalian dari availability 81,70%, nilai performance 138,63%, dan nilai quality rate yaitu 69,3%. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan dari six losses diketahui faktor yang mendominasi adalah reduce yield losses dengan beberapa sebab akibat yaitu dari faktor manusia, mesin, metode, dan lingkungan. Hasil dari perhitungan metode Age Replacement untuk penerapan preventive maintenance adalah 11 hari.
COMPARISON OF TWO TYPES OF SENSORS AND THEIR EFFECT ON SPRAY QUALITY PEAR TREES
Authors: Jawad Basil R. A. , A.K. Subr
Published: April 2024

This study was aimed to reduce the amount of the sprayed solution lost during trees spraying.  At the same time, the concentration of the sprayed solution on the target (tree or bush) must be ensured and to find the best combination of treatments. Two factors controls the spraying process: (i) spraying speed (1.2 km/h, 2.4 km/h, 3.6 km/h), and (ii) the type of sensor. The test results showed a significant loss reduction percentage. It reached (6.05%, 5.39% and 2.05%) at the speed (1.2 km/h, 2.4 km/h, 3.6 km/h), respectively. It was noticed that when the speed becomes higher the loss becomes less accordingly. The interaction between the 3.6 km/h speed and the type of Ultrasonic sensor led to a decrease in the percentage of the spray losses reached to 1.69. For the coverage percentage, the increase in the spraying speed from 1.2 km/h to 2.4 km/h, and then to 3.6 km/h led to a significant decrease in the percentage of coverage (from 17.73% to 13.14%, and then to 11.12%), respectively. The interaction between the type of sensor and the speed has significantly affected the spray density. The speed was 3.6 km/h, and the type of Ultrasonic sensor was superior in obtaining the highest spray density of 83.2 drops/cm2.
PLANTING OF STIMULATED CORN SEEDS AT DIFFERENT DATES IN SPRING SEASONS
Authors: Jawad M. M. Khudhair , J. H. Hamza  , Jawad H. Z. Rihan
Published: April 2024

This study was aimed to investigate the appropriate planting date and tolerance to adverse growing conditions in the spring season through seeds stimulation technology. A field experiment was carried out in the spring seasons of 2022 and 2023 according to a randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement with four replications. The main factor is planting dates (February 15th, March 1st and 15th, and April 1st and 15th). The secondary factor is seeds stimulation (potassium nitrate 6 mg L-1 + licorice extract 6 g L-1, as well as soaking with distilled water only). The stimulated seeds (potassium nitrate + licorice extract) and the planting date of February 15th were superior in traits of fertility ratio, number of grains per ear, weight of 300 grains, total grains yield, biological yield, and harvest index in both seasons (2022 and 2023). The stimulated seeds (potassium nitrate + licorice extract), planted on February 15th, excelled in the traits above (95.6 and 97.7%), (640.7 and 816.9 grain ear-1), (76.19 and 82.69 g), (7.2 and 7.8 ton ha-1), (17.5 and 18.9 ton ha-1) and (41.5 and 41.2%) in both seasons, respectively. It can be concluded that seeds stimulation improved the yield and its components of corn crop under a wide range of environmental conditions, and that planting the stimulated seeds on February 15th contributed to take advantage of the prevailing environmental conditions and regulating the relationship between source efficiency and sink capacity to obtain the highest grain yield. It can be recommended that soaking the seeds with potassium nitrate 6 mg L-1 + licorice extract 6 g L-1 together when planting in mid-February in the spring season to increase grains yield.
SOME FATTY ACID AND SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF HOLSTEIN BULLS AS INLUENCED BY DIFFERENT SPERM FREEZABALITY
Authors: S. M. Eidan  , R. I. Khalil  , A.F.Naser
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the concentration of some fatty acids in seminal plasma and semen characteristics of Holstein bulls with different sperm freezabilities. The semen straws that cryopreserved for two years were divided into three groups according to the sperm’s freezability: medium (MF,73.02%), good (GF,83.76%), and high (HF,91.20%). The sperm’s cell individual motility (SCIM) in fresh semen was superior (P≤0.05) in bulls with MF and GF as compared with HF bulls. Concomitantly, the HF bulls were significantly (P≤0.05) superior to those MF bulls in total fatty acid concentrations. Moreover, HF bulls recorded lesser (P≤0.05) DNA damage percentage as compared with those of GF bulls.  The differences among the three groups in concentrations of some fatty acid and SCIM at 48 hours and two years post-cryopreservation lacked significance. In conclusion, greater SCIM in bull's fresh semen recorded the lowest freezability, which indicated more sensitivity to freezing conditions and may reflect fertilizing ability of these bulls.
INHIBIION ACTIVITY OF SOME PLANT SEEDS EXTRACTS AGAINST THE PROTEASE PRODUCED FROM LOCAL ISOLATE OF CANDIDA ALBICANS ISOLATE USING SOLID STATE FERMENTATION
Authors: N. J. SWARI  , GH. M. Aziz
Published: April 2024

This study was aimed at inhibition of purified protease produced by C. albicans using plant seeds extract. One hundred two local C. albicans isolates that were isolated and identified by microscopic and biochemical tests were submitted to primary and secondary screening techniques in order to select the qualified C. albicans isolate for protease synthesis. Among these isolates, nineteen isolates with the highest hydrolysis zone on skim milk media (primary screening) were chosen for secondary screening. It has been found that C. albicansV56 had the highest productivity of the enzyme (41.8U/mg protein). The optimum conditions of protease production by selected isolate using solid state fermentation by using wheat bran as best substrate , temperature 28 °C and pH 7, after 5 days of incubation . The enzyme was purified by concentration with sucrose, then used gel filtration chromatography using Sephadex G-75. The results show two peaks. The first peak has a purification folds 6.5 time with an enzyme yield of 13.08 %, while peak 2 has a purification folds 3.3 time with an enzyme yield of 20%. The purified enzyme exhibited maximal activity at pH 6.0 for peak 1 and 3.0 for peak 2, whereas the maximum stability was 7.0 for peak 1 and 8 for peak 2. The optimal temperature for purified enzyme activity was 40 for peak 1 and 30 for peak 2, and it was stable until 45°C. Protease activity was inhibited with local plant seed extracts. Lathyrus sativus extract inhibits approximately 50 % of protease activity.
ERADICATION OF HETEROGENEOUS VANCOMYCIN ITERMEDIATED STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (hVISA) USING PEGANUM HARMALA L. SEEDS EXTRACTS
Authors: Osamah Z. Al-Haya  , Jawad M. F. AL Marjani , Jawad A. Maleki
Published: April 2024

The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the antibacterial essential oil of Peganum harmala L. seeds against locally isolated heterogeneous vancomycin intermediated Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) at doses ranging from 0.03 to 200 mg/ml. The filtered essential oil of P. harmala, after extract by the 96% ethanol in a Soxhlet extraction device, was analyzed by GC/MS (gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy). The results showed that the P. harmala seeds oils contained several compounds, such as Harmine (58.26%), followed by 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (28.55%) and Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (4.30%), It is highly effective against targeted bacteria. The MIC method was used to investigate antibacterial activity by measuring the lowest inhibitory concentration of the extract and observed that the inhibition concentration against hVISA isolates was 0.3 mg/ml. The gene expression was detected after RNA extract from hVISA (untreated and treated) with P. harmala essential oil using the Quantitative Real-Time PCR method the results revealed that gene expression was low after bacterial with plant extract treatment. Finally, the ethanolic extract of p. harmala seeds appears to be a potential therapy choice for hVISA infection.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SALT AND DROUGHT STRESSES ON GENE EXPRESSION OF TWO TOLERANCE-DIFFERENT TOMATO CULTIVARS IN VITRO
Authors: L. K. J. Al-Amery  , Ali H Annon
Published: April 2024

A lab experiment was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Lab / College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad. This experiment was aimed to investigate gene expression index in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) after preparation of salt and simulated drought stresses. Two tomato cultivars were selected which claimed to exhibit different levels of tolerance toward abiotic stresses designated as salt-tolerant Yassamine (Y) and salt-sensitive GS12 (G) to assess the test. Seven day-old seedlings from both cultivars were grown in MS media supplemented with four concentrations of NaCl at 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM and four concentrations of PEG at 0, 10, 20, and 30% for 48 hours. The results were showed that Y cultivar exhibited more proline secretion and chlorophyll content when compared with G. In addition, Y cultivar showed less ion leakage and less affected by elevated abiotic stresses in term of seedling weight variation when compared to G counterparts. The SDS-PAGE gel analysis showed that Y cultivar showed more band intensity when compared with G suggested more corresponding gene expression of tolerant protein against abiotic stresses.
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THERMAL BIOCLIMATIC INDICES OVER IRAQ
Authors: Y. K. Al-Timimi  , Alaa M. AL-Lami  , Firas S. Basheer  , Ammar Y. Awad
Published: April 2024

This study was aimed to investigate the trends in (11) thermal bioclimatic indicators throughout Iraq's various climates to better understand their spatiotemporal variations in different climates. All bioclimatic indicators have been calculated from daily ERA5 datasets of temperature extracted from 361 grid points covering Iraq. This data set covers global coverage of monthly temperatures from 1980 to 2022, with a spatial resolution of (0.25°x0.25°). Eleven thermal bioclimatic indicators were subjected to the Mann-Kendall (MK) test in order to measure trends in a single direction, without taking into account the influence of natural cycles. The findings showed that the majority of Iraq's thermal bioclimate indicators had changed. implying that rising temperatures have had a significant influence on the country's bioclimate. The annual mean temperature data revealed that Iraq had a considerable increase in Bio1 of (0.28 to 0.48) °C/decade, which is more than the )0.15( °C/decade worldwide average. The rise was found to be significantly greater in Iraq's northern and eastern regions. The analysis suggested that the diurnal temperature range decreased in most regions of Iraq, especially in the southern and northeastern sections. The maximum temperature increased most dramatically in the warmest quarter, whereas the changes in the coldest quarter were less noticeable, showing an increase in climatic extremes in Iraq. The study unequivocally shows that climate change is leading to an increase in the mean temperature, specifically during the warmest months of the year.
EFFECT OF SPERMS FREEZABILITY ON SOME SEMEN ATTRIBUTES AND AMINO ACID CONCENTRATIONS IN SEMINAL PLASMA OF HOLSTEIN BULLS
Authors: T. A. Abdulkareem  , R.  I. Khalil  , M. A. O. Al-Ezzi
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the effect of different sperm freezability on some semen characteristics and amino acid concentrations in the seminal plasma of Holstein bulls cryopreserved for two years. The semen straws (0.25 ml) that cryopreserved for two years were divided into three equal groups (7 bulls per group) according to the sperm’s freezability: medium (73.02%; F1), good (83.76%; F2), and high (91.20%; F3). The F1 bulls were superior (P≤ 0.05) in sperm’s cell individual motility (SCIM) for fresh semen as compared with F2 and F3 bulls. The F2 and F3 groups were superior (P≤ 0.01) to the F1 group in live sperm percentage at cryopreservation. The sperm’s DNA damage percentage was lesser (P≤ 0.05) in the F1 and F3 groups as compared with the F2 group. The differences among groups in normal sperm percentage, sperm’s plasma membrane and acrosome integrity percentage, malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant concentrations lacked significance. The essential and non-essential amino acid concentrations in seminal plasma did not differ among groups. In conclusion, sperm freezability influenced some semen attributes but did not affect amino acid concentrations in the seminal plasma of Holstein bulls.
EFFECT OF RICE STRAW ON SOME BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF IRAQI BUFFALO (Bubalus Bubalis)
Authors: Ali J. I.
Published: April 2024

This study was aimed to show the changes of some blood parameters by the effect of biological and chemical treatment of rice straw ,It was conducted at The Ruminant Research Station in Abu Ghraib / Directorate of / Agricultural Researches / Ministry of Agriculture, for the period from June 1, 2021 until August 27, 2021 (preceded by the preliminary period 14 days), The study included 12 Iraqi buffalo calves aged 5 - 6 months. the calves were randomly divided into three equal groups (4 calves / group), kept in individual pens and distributed among group.T1 (the control group) in which the calves were fed on untreated rice straw T2 the calves were fed on rice straw treated with urea at a rate of 3% T3 the calves were fed on rice straw treated with Trichoderma harzianum at a rate of 0.1%. The triglycerides concentration were decreased significantly (p≤0.05) in the T2 (11.28 mg/dL) and T3 (11.32 mg/dL) compared with T1 (20.79 mg/dL). similarly, the level of very low-density lipoprotein (vLDL) was decreased 2.25, 2.26, 4.16 mg/dL for T2, T3, and T1, respectively. The creatinine concentration in T2(87.19 mmol/L) was significantly decrease than that of T1(177.8 mmol/L) and T3(176.75 mmol/L). Also, ALP concentration increased in T2 (238.93 IU/liter) compared with T1. (151.82 IU/liter), while it did not differ significantly with T3( 205.83 IU/liter) Also T3 did not differ significantly from T1. The differences in the concentration of lipid profile, protein fractions and enzymes activity among groups lacked significance , feeding of rice straw treated biologically and chemically had no negative effect on buffalo calves health.
INCREASING SOME FLAVONOIDS COMPOUNDS FOR ECHINACEA PURPUREA L. USING COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES IN VITRO.
Authors: M. H. Ahmed  , Z. S. Omran  , A. G. Oraibi
Published: April 2024

This study was aimed to increase some flavonoids active compounds production in Echinacea purpurea seedlings through plant seeds treatment with different concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles that daignosed and characterized using AFM technique. This research was implemented at plant tissue culture labrotary  of College of biotechnology - Al Nahrain University, during the period of 2021 and 2023. The experiment designed factorial within CRD using three factors and ten replicates (3X3). Sodium hypochlorite concentration (S1, S2, S3, S4) (0.0, 1, 2, 3%) represented the first factor, treatment duartion time (T1, T2, T3) (5, 10, 15min) represented the  second factor and copper oxide nanoparticles concentrations (C1, C2, C3, C4) (0.0, 25, 50, 75mg/ml) represented the  third factor. Results showed that the full reduction in the contamination rate of the selected E. purpurea explant recorded in 3% sodium hypochlorite at 10 and 15min. The results also showed that there were a significant increase in the shoots numbers in 50mg/ml CuNPs that recording the highest shoots numbers, the shoot length increased significantly within the 25mg/ml recording 13.5cm then decreased in 50 and 75 mg/ml and the seedlings dry weight increased significantly up to 50mg/ml CuNPs that recording the highest seddlings dry weight, then the seedlings dry weight also decreased significantly in 75mg/ml  CuNPs. Also, all the analyzed flavonoids compounds using HPLC device as Echinolone,  Humulene, Coumarin, Myricetin, Heperidin and Naringin concentrations were significantly increased in 50 and 75 mg/L-1 Cu ONPs, except the  Humulene and Coumarin compound that significantly decreased in 75 mg/L-1 Cu ONPs in comparsion to the control.
Prevalence of HIV Infection in Pregnant Women Attending Ante Natal Care at Lugbe Clinic, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory: A 3-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Adeiza M.A , Sani A. N , Yunusa T , Kabir S. O , Nafarnda W. D , Okolo C. E , Godwin E.
Published: April 2024

This is a 3-year (2019 -2021) retrospective study of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in pregnant women attending Lugbe clinic for ante natal care. Of the 4, 023 pregnant women that attended the clinic for Anti Natal Care (ANC) during this period, 3818 that have complete information in their files were enlisted for the study. Overall prevalence of HIV in the pregnant women was 2.7% (102/3818). Yearly prevalence of 1.6% (21/1329), 3.0% (36/1196) and 3.5% (45/1293) in 2019, 2020 and 2021 respectively were obtained. There was no statistical significance (p>0.05) in the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women in the period under study. The highest prevalence rate of 38.2% was observed in the age category of 29–33 years. Monthly trend analysis of the prevalence showed infection was highest in July, 2020. Pregnant women with secondary school level of education had the highest prevalence, 4.4% (20/454). This study revealed that divorcees had the highest prevalence of 3.5% (43/1243). There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in the infection rate of 2.7% (57/2109) with primigravids compared to multigravida 2.6% (45/1709). This result further showed that pregnant women in polygamous marriages had higher prevalence of HIV infection, 3.5% (56/1596) compared to monogamous ones, 2.1% (46/2222). Differences in employment status of the subjects under study revealed that unemployed pregnant women had higher prevalence of HIV, 3.3% (60/1979) than those employed, 2.1% (42/1979). The increased prevalence of HIV in pregnant women in this study is an indication of declining impact of campaign against the scourge of HIV especially in FCT. There is therefore need for a change in the strategy to minimize or stop the spread of this disease.