bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Biased Enforcement of Rarely Followed Rules
Authors: Wylie Jordan , Milless Katlyn Lee , Sciarappo John , Gantman Ana
Published: June 2024

We examined whether the enforcement of phantom rules—frequently broken and rarely enforced codified rules—varies by the race of the rule breaker. First, we analyzed whether race affects when 311 calls, a nonemergency service, end in arrest in New York City. Across 10 years, we found that calls from census blocks of neighborhoods consisting of mostly White individuals were 65% less likely to escalate to arrest than those where White people were the numerical minority. Next, we experimentally manipulated transgressor race and found that participants ( N = 393) who were high in social dominance orientation were more likely to route 311 calls to 911 when the transgressor was Black (vs. White). We also explored the subjective experience of phantom rule enforcement; People of color report they are more likely to be punished for violating phantom rules compared to White people. Overall, we find evidence of racism in the enforcement of phantom rules.
Partnership Disparity and Audit Quality
Authors: Wang Muzhi
Published: June 2024

This study explores the effects of partnership disparity within Chinese audit firms on audit quality using novel data on their partnership arrangements. The results indicate a U-shaped relationship between the partnership disparity extent and the violations assessed by regulators, including financial misstatements of clients. Audit firms with mid-level unequal partnership structures achieve superior audit quality than their counterparts with either “flat” or “high-skewed” partnership structures. Additional analyses confirm the role of client complexity as the boundary condition and indicate that the geographical remoteness of audit firms asymmetrically moderates partnership disparity. These results are robust to different audit quality proxies and alternative research designs including change analyses and after controlling for the effects of engagement partners. This study contributes to research on diversity and performance in the partnership context. This approach opens the “black box” of power-related culture in audit firms and carries managerial implications for the managing partners and audit regulators of audit firms.
Sexual and Gender Identity Properties and Associations With Physical and Mental Health Among SGM Midlife and Older Adults: Findings From Aging With Pride: National Health, Aging, and Sexuality/Gender Study
Authors: Fredriksen-Goldsen Karen I. , Nelson Christi L. , Kim Hyun-Jun , Romanelli Meghan
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Unidimensional measures of sexual and gender identity are most often used in research. Yet, sexuality and gender are defined by complex characteristics. Guided by the Health Equity Promotion Model, we assess multidimensional properties of sexual and gender identity. Methods: This study utilizes 2016 survey data from Aging with Pride: National Health, Aging, and Sexuality/Gender Study (NHAS) to investigate properties of identity (affirmation, visibility, centrality, integration, congruence, continua, transformation) and their association with multimorbidity, disability, general health, depression, quality of life among SGM adults ( N = 2233), 50 and older. Results: Higher affirmation, centrality, congruence, and transformation were associated with better health, while identity integration and continua were associated with some adverse health outcomes. Bisexual men, sexually diverse and transgender individuals had the lowest identity centrality and visibility. Discussion: The findings necessitate a multidimensional approach to identity and the use of measures that are comprehensive and responsive to sexual and gender diversity.
Voter reaction to the government’s refusal of natural disaster assistance: Experimental evidence from Turkey and India
Authors: Kiratli Osman Sabri , Aytaç Selim Erdem
Published: June 2024

How do citizens respond to their government’s decision to accept or reject foreign assistance in the face of a natural disaster? While the increased frequency and intensity of natural disasters necessitate international cooperation for effective response, there have been numerous instances where states have declined foreign assistance offers due to reputation concerns. In this article, we focus on the domestic audience dynamics of such behavior. Drawing on experimental survey data from Turkey and India, two middle-income countries with geopolitical ambitions and recent experience in refusing foreign assistance, we find that accepting foreign assistance during natural disasters leads to higher evaluations of government performance, though this positive effect is driven by opposition voters only. Incumbent voters, conversely, solidify their support for the government regardless of its decision toward foreign assistance. The domestic political effects of government decisions in response to aid offers are largely independent of the identity of the country offering assistance.
Resituating the Hand site (44SN22): A collections-based reassessment of a Woodland principal town in Southeastern Virginia
Authors: Callaway Taylor B
Published: June 2024

This paper describes the results of a multi-year reassessment of the Hand site (44SN0022) archeological collection. The Hand site, located on the Nottoway River in southeastern Virginia, was intensively excavated in the 1960s, revealing a complex Native American settlement at least three and a half acres in size. While prior researchers emphasized the site's ties to colonial actors and suggested the site's primary occupation dated to the turn of the seventeenth century, this reexamination instead demonstrates the site's primary components date to the Middle Woodland II (800–900 CE) and the Late Woodland (1200–1300 CE). Rather than a place of colonial encounter, this paper suggests the Hand site is better understood as a prominent Middle to Late Woodland principal town, where domestic and civic-ceremonial life regularly intersected.
A state-of-the-art review on electrodeposited metal matrix composite coatings: recent innovations and challenges
Authors: Mesbah Mohsen , Yazdani Sepehr , Vitry Veronique
Published: June 2024

Metal-matrix electrodeposited composite coatings with specific characteristics have garnered increasing interest from researchers and businesses across diverse industries, including aerospace, automotive, marine, electrical, and wind energy. This comprehensive review critically examines the key challenges involved in fabricating these coatings through composite electrodeposition. It explores a range of deposition methods, techniques for modifying particle surfaces, different types of metal matrix composites, the impact of various parameters on composite electrodeposition, approaches to enhance particle stability, and the influence of bath parameters on coatings’ microstructure. The review thoroughly analyzes the advantages and limitations associated with each topic, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms for creating coatings with well-dispersed particles. Furthermore, it highlights recent advancements and presents promising opportunities for future research, aiming to expand the scope of applications for composite electrodeposited coatings.
Team-based learning in large cohorts: Successes and challenges in first year mechanical engineering
Authors: Lunt Alexander J G , Cayzer Steve , Moore Yvonne , Young Anna M
Published: June 2024

Maximising engagement, interaction and providing effective feedback for large engineering cohorts is a significant challenge. Team-based learning is a powerful approach that has been shown to be effective in overcoming these issues. However, the use of team-based learning for very large class sizes, particularly in the field of engineering is limited. This study is focused on refining team-based learning for a large (∼350) student first-year mechanical engineering cohort. Team-based learning was trialled and optimised during tutorials over two successive academic semesters with the same group. Quantitative data collection was collected from student attendance and performance, and regular feedback provided qualitative insight. The results indicate that team-based learning enhances engagement, peer-to-peer learning, and exam performance, particularly for the lower quartile (5%–10% mark increase). However careful tailoring of the methodology is required, monitoring group effectiveness is challenging and the use of hybrid team-based learning needs future refinement.
Road Transport Efficiency and Organizational Performance: Does Traffic Infrastructure Management Matter?
Authors: Kyeremeh Evans , Yamoah Alfred , Antoa Mensah Baffour
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study is to assess the relationships between road transport efficiency and organizational performance. In addition, the investigation explored the intermediary function of traffic infrastructure management in the relationship between road transport efficiency and organizational performance. A study model was built, drawing on a resource-based approach and stakeholder theories, to investigate the interactions between the constructs. The data was collected from a sample of 30 logistics enterprises located in Ghana. The research model underwent analysis utilizing the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique. The results of the study indicate that there is a strong and statistically significant relationship between road transport efficiency and organizational performance. Once more, the analysis has demonstrated a favorable impact of traffic infrastructure management on the performance of organizations. Furthermore, the management of transportation infrastructure has shown a noteworthy and substantial role in mediating the impact on organizational performance.
Next-Generation Performance Measures for Pavement Management Decision Support
Authors: Borthakur Abhik J. , Pai Sandhya , Ram Prashant V. , Smith Kelly L. , Sivaneswaran Nadarajah
Published: June 2024

Since 2012, federal legislation has promoted the use of performance-based decisions for managing the nation’s highway system. The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act established seven national goal areas and required establishment of national performance measures for pavements. Fulfillment of these requirements has strengthened highway agencies’ data-driven investment decisions, maximizing returns on public investment and maintaining highway infrastructure assets in a state of good repair. While condition-based performance measures meet the current legislative requirement, there is a need to identify “next-generation” measures that can be integrated into pavement investment decisions to drive sustainable, long-term performance management of pavements. This paper discusses lifecycle and financial performance measures that can be used in concert with existing condition-based measures to better inform pavement management decision-making. Lifecycle performance measures characterize and monetize the long-term investment strategies associated with providing the desired level of service for a highway asset. These measures proactively encourage activities that reduce the long-term cost of managing the system. Financial performance measures indicate whether an adequate level of investment is being made to offset the asset value depreciation or satisfy treatment needs to not only meet condition targets today, but to sustain those into the future. The performance measures were validated through pilot implementations at three state highway agencies and the lessons learned from the validation efforts are documented in this paper. The paper also highlights considerations for implementing next-generation pavement performance measures, as well as the potential benefits to agencies from their implementation.
Factors Associated With Economics Course Performance at a Large Associate Degree-Granting Institution
Authors: Mahon David
Published: June 2024

Economics courses are often offered at community colleges and other institutions that primarily confer associate degrees. Despite this, little research has been conducted on performance in economics courses focusing on students attending these institutions. I use multinomial logistic models to determine which factors are related to performance in both introductory macroeconomics and introductory microeconomics at a large institution that primarily confers associate degrees and finds several factors associated with performance in these courses. Among the findings are that citizenship status, foreign-born status, and gender are associated with academic performance in economics courses as noncitizens, foreign-born, and male students outperform their citizen, U.S.-born, and female counterparts in certain circumstances. Additional results show that in-person classes are associated with higher pass rates and lower withdrawal rates.
Adapting Dementia Care Management to a Regional German Context: Assessment of Changes in Acceptability, Appropriateness, and Feasibility
Authors: Seidel Katja , Rupp Lena , Thyrian Jochen René , Haberstroh Julia
Published: June 2024

Dementia care management, an evidence-based care concept in Germany, optimizes care for people with dementia and their caregivers. Implemented by qualified professionals, it comprises intervention modules addressing treatment and care, medication management, and caregiver support. Positively evaluated in one federal state, it’s recommended for nationwide integration into routine care. Since the infrastructure of the German healthcare system differs regionally, the concept underwent adaption for regional implementation in a participatory, iterative process. Five local healthcare experts as co-researchers tested and adjusted selected components of the concept in a pilot study. This trend analysis aims to assess the adapted concept for acceptance, appropriateness, and feasibility. A total of 89 intervention modules were tested over 18 weeks, and the co-researcher’s assessment was gathered through an accompanying online survey. The participatory process itself was rated positively overall, but technical problems had a negative impact on the implementation and evaluation of the care concept.
Bis-(2-Chloroisopropyl) ether
Authors:   Workplace Environmental Exposure Level (WEEL) Committee,   Occupational Alliance for Risk Science (OARS),   Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA)
Published: June 2024

Bis-(2-Chloroisopropyl) ether (BCIPE) was used as a solvent for fats, greases, paint, varnish removers, and in spotting and cleaning solutions. However, BCIPE has not been commercially manufactured or used for numerous years. In experimental animal studies, BCIPE is moderately toxic following acute oral, dermal, and inhalation routes of exposure. BCIPE is a severe eye irritant but not a dermal irritant or dermal sensitizer. BCIPE was not genotoxic or mutagenic in in vitro and in vivo assays; it was not toxic in a 3-generation reproductive dietary study in rats. Short-term, repeated inhalation and oral exposure in rats produced increased liver and kidney weights and congestion; dermal exposure in rabbits did not produce any observable adverse effects. BCIPE did not produce a statistically significant increase in tumors in two different 2-year dietary studies in mice and rats. In mice, technical grade BCIPE produced increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas in females, hepatocellular carcinomas in males, and a low incidence of forestomach hyperplasia (in both sexes at the high-dose). Further investigation with technical grade BCIPE concluded that these effects were species- and dose-specific with limited, if any, relevance to humans. The NOAEL of 400 ppm (15 mg/kg/day) from the 2-year dietary study in female rats was considered the point of departure for the health-based WEEL derivation. After adjustment for duration of exposure, interindividual variability, and intraindividual variability, an 8-h time-weighted average (TWA) WEEL value of 3 ppm (21 mg/m3) was derived. This exposure limit is expected to provide a significant margin of safety against any potential adverse health effects in workers.
Global dioxin research trends and focal points: A century-long visual and bibliometric analysis (1923–2022)
Authors: Zyoud Sa’ed H
Published: June 2024

Dioxin-like compounds, recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as among the most enduring toxic chemical substances in the environment, are linked to various occupational activities and industrial accidents worldwide. The aim of this study was to examine and present research publications on dioxins, pinpoint current research trends, identify research gaps, and highlight potential avenues for future exploration in the field. The study period for relevant research articles ranged from 1923 to December 31, 2022, and these articles were sourced from the Scopus database. The analysis involved the identification of key contributors to the field and the visualization of topics, themes, and international collaboration. VOSviewer software (version 1.6.20) was used for visualization analysis. A total of 11,620 publications on dioxins were documented in the Scopus database. The predominant category of these documents comprised 9780 original articles, which represents 84.17% of the total publications. The United States lead in the number of publications, with 3992 (34.35%), followed by Japan, with 1429 (12.3%), China, with 1005 (8.65%), and Germany, with 974 (8.38%). Before 2002, scholarly attention in this field focused primarily on the health effects, environmental fate, and mechanism of toxicity of tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). However, a noticeable change in research focus has been observed since 2002, highlighting the emergence of a topic related to the health effects and environmental fate of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PFDFs). This study is the first to conduct a comprehensive quantitative bibliometric analysis of dioxins over time. These findings indicate a significant increase in the overall growth of the dioxin literature over the past 30 years. These findings may prove crucial in guiding and organizing subsequent investigations related to dioxins.
Antibiotic Stewardship in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Flannery Dustin D , Coggins Sarah A , Medoro Alexandra K
Published: June 2024

Antibiotic stewardship is a multidisciplinary, evidence-based approach to optimize antibiotic use and mitigate development of antibiotic resistance. Neonates have high rates of antibiotic exposure, particularly those born preterm and admitted to the NICU, and mounting evidence describes the adverse consequences of such exposures in the absence of infection. Here, we review the general principles of antibiotic stewardship and how they can be applied in NICUs. The unique characteristics of NICUs and patients cared for in this setting, which warrant unique implementation strategies and special considerations are discussed. We summarize current antibiotic use metrics for assessment of responses to stewardship interventions and changes over time, and review evidence-based infection prevention practices in the NICU. Current recommendations for empiric antibiotic use in the NICU and the utility of infection biomarkers are summarized. Lastly, given the growing global threat of increasing antibiotic resistance, specific threats in the NICU are highlighted.
Accelerating healing of infected wounds with G. glabra extract and curcumin Co-loaded electrospun nanofibrous dressing
Authors: Doostan Maryam , Maleki Hassan , Khoshnevisan Kamyar , Baharifar Hadi , Doostan Mahtab , Bahrami Sonia
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to construct a nanofibrous wound dressing composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) containing curcumin and Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract to inhibit infection and accelerate wound healing. Loading 10 wt% of G. glabra extract-curcumin (50:50) by electrospinng technique resulted in the formation of nanofibers (NFs) with diameter distribution 303 ± 38 and had a uniform and defect-free morphology. FTIR analysis confirmed the loading of the components without adverse interactions. Also, the results showed extremely high porosity, extraordinary liquid absorption capacity, and complete wettability. In addition, G. glabra extract-curcumin showed significant antioxidant activity and their release profile from NFs was continuous and sustained. Also, the prepared NF could inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive Saureus and Gram-negative E. coli strains. Wound healing evaluation in the infected animal model showed that the NFs caused full wound closure and accelerated skin regeneration. The studies on inhibiting the bacteria growth at the wound site also revealed complete inhibitory effects. Moreover, histopathology studies confirmed the complete regeneration of skin layers, formation of collagen fibers, and angiogenesis. Finally, PVA/CS NFs containing G. glabra extract-curcumin as a multifunctional bioactive wound dressing presented a promising approach for promoting the healing of infected wounds.
What Can Community Benefits Agreements Learn from Allied Policies? Lessons from a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ganning Joanna P.
Published: June 2024

Community benefits agreements (CBAs) have risen in popularity and usage in the twenty-first century. Despite their intuitive appeal, usage has remained relatively infrequent due to legal and practical difficulties. Globally, various policies share key goals and characteristics with CBAs, including place-based development, community engagement, and applicability to large projects. This paper uses an Extending Review to answer the question, what do allied policies teach us in terms of innovations and best practices that could improve CBA practice in the United States? This paper advances rights-based strategies, tools, and frameworks for consideration, while discussing the potential and challenges of each.
Mathematical Model to Upcycle End-of-Roll Leftover Fabrics in Apparel Manufacturing
Authors: Iseri Ali , Kizilaslan Recep
Published: June 2024

This study addresses the problem of end-of-roll leftover fabrics originating after the production of baby/child apparel. The ineffective management of these leftovers results in excess inventory, occupies storage space, and imposes economic and environmental loads. To address this challenge, a novel mathematical modeling approach is proposed. The model maximizes the upcycling of leftovers by incorporating these into the manufacturing of garments while adhering to marketing, production, and ordering constraints. This model also introduces the feasibility of ordering new fabrics with a penalty, as defined by the decision makers, to increase utilization. The model was tested using actual end-of-roll leftover data. The upcycling utilization of leftovers was calculated to be between 57% and 87%. Notably, at an upcycling rate of 58%, 96% of the utilized fabrics were sourced from leftovers. The case study results validate the model efficacy and provide insights into leftover-fabric management.
COVID19 and the Follies of History: Forebodings that Forewarned is Not Forearmed
Authors: Katz David L.
Published: June 2024

COVID-19 was the first pandemic of the internet age. Beginning at a time of great societal division in the United States (and globally), pandemic responses were further beleaguered by the viral proliferation of information, disinformation, and propaganda-collectively, an “infodemic.” Polarized, blinkered views of the crisis precluded a balanced consideration of objectives, opportunities, and ineluctable trade-offs between the risks of actions and corresponding inactions. The results were lapses in both directions, greatly amplifying the pandemic toll. Persistence of this costly fractiousness is now spawning monocular critiques of the pandemic response, with neglect of essential nuance. There is a better pandemic that might have been, and the chance for far better responses to the next- but only if the follies of this history are lessons learned and applied. Failing that, the risk looms that having been amply forewarned of our liabilities, we will fail to be forearmed.
Supporting Direct Breastfeeding for a Tracheostomy-Dependent Extremely Premature Infant: A Case Study
Authors: Lakoff Alanna , Beckford Jadia , Charbonneau Catherine , Lepine Susan , Lawrence Sarah L.
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

The benefits of human milk for preterm infants are well documented. Complex medical conditions can limit the extremely premature infant’s ability to breastfeed and to receive human milk directly, yet these vulnerable infants may benefit most from receiving it.

Main Issue:

Extremely preterm infants are at risk for infections, digestive challenges, and chronic lung disease, and occasionally require a tracheostomy to facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation. There is a risk of aspiration when orally feeding a child with a tracheostomy. This case study describes a tertiary neonatal team supporting a family’s direct breastfeeding goal in an extremely premature infant with a diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia requiring a tracheostomy.

Management:

Initially, the infant participant (born at 24 weeks and 3 days of gestation, with a birthweight of 540 g) was gavage fed with human milk. The interdisciplinary team collaborated with the family to guide the infant’s feeding goals, providing positive oral stimulation with soothers, oral immune therapy, and frequent skin-to-skin contact to prepare for future oral feeding. Within a month of the tracheotomy procedure, oral feeding was initiated, and direct breastfeeding with the tracheostomy tubing in place was achieved at 50 weeks and 1 day of age as a primary source of nutrition.

Conclusion:

The open dialogue between the family and healthcare team was the foundation for trialing direct breastfeeding for an extremely premature infant with a tracheostomy. While direct breastfeeding of full-term infants with tracheostomies has been previously described in the literature, this is the first case study of an extremely premature infant with a tracheostomy transitioning to direct breastfeeding.
The World of Women’s Despair: An Unfolding Unitary Conceptual Journey
Authors: Morrow Mary R. , Cowling W. Richard
Published: June 2024

In looking back over 3 decades since the development of his interest in developing a unitary conceptualization of despair, nurse scholar W. Richard Cowling, III, had new insights and revelations. The purpose of this dialogue article is to re-envision this journey as one of unfolding, seen with the gift of new eyes. Revisiting this journey allowed him to understand and appreciate it anew. Horizons of possibilities of this conceptual journey are explained in terms of conceptual-theoretical development, inquiry, and the advancement of discipline-specific knowledge, and improving the lives of women in despair. It is his sincere hope, as with all meaningful scholarly endeavors, that a wider discourse occurs with the persistent inclusion of women’s voices and experiences.
Heuristics: The Teaching-Learning Journey
Authors: Hamilton Teresa
Published: June 2024

In this column, the author describes a heuristic framework for teaching-learning nursing made of the humanbecoming paradigm, living the art of humanbecoming, and the humanbecoming teaching-learning model. A story helps to clarify the heuristic framework.
A Book Review of Advanced Practice Nursing: Essential Knowledge for the Profession by Susan M. Denisco (2024). Jones & Bartlett Learning
Authors: Rouhana Nicole A.
Published: June 2024

This is a review of the 5th edition of Advanced Practice Nursing: Essential Knowledge for the Profession by Susan M. Denisco (2024). The reviewed book provides a comprehensive presentation of the role of advanced practice nursing and a strong rationale in support of nurse practicing at their highest scope of practice.
Moral Distress as Moral Heuristic Missing the Mark
Authors: Reed Pamela G.
Published: June 2024

I propose that moral distress may function as a moral heuristic, and one that misses its mark in signifying a fundamental source for nurses’ moral suffering. Epistemic injustice is an insidious workplace wrongdoing that is glossed over or avoided in explicit explanations for nurse moral suffering and is substituted by an emphasis on the nurse’s own wrongdoing. I discuss reasons and evidence for considering moral distress as a moral heuristic that obfuscates the role of epistemic injustice as a fundamental constraint on nurses’ moral reasoning underlying moral suffering.
Heuristics, Community Change Concepts, and Health Policy: Coming to Know
Authors: Ortiz Mario R.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this paper is to discuss heuristics, guided by Parse’s (2021a) community model, to understand how health policies emerge from the unique values and beliefs of community constituents. Within this paper, there is a discussion about heuristics, health policy, Parse’s humanbecoming paradigm, and policy implications reflected upon with the change concepts of the humanbecoming community model.
Motivational Interviewing With Pender’s Health Promotions Model: Diabetics Self-Management Behavior
Authors: Uludağ Elanur , Kaşikçi Magfiret
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of motivational interviewing as based on Pender’s health promotion model (HPM) on diabetes self-management behavior among individuals with Type 2 diabetes. Apart from their routine care, the individuals in the intervention group were given a 30–45-minute motivational interview based on Pender’s HPM once a week for three months. Statistically significant differences were determined between the groups in the total score of the scales and its sub-dimensions ( p < .05). The intervention applied in the present study can be used as an effective and easy method through which to develop and maintain diabetes self-management behaviors.
Wisdom and the Bible in Teaching-Learning through Global Service Experiences
Authors: Hamilton Teresa , Meyer Rebecca , Thompson Terri , Anozie Melissa , Dunkerley Marion , Bradley Karen
Published: June 2024

The authors, who are nursing faculty members and leaders at a faith-based institution of higher education, discuss their concept of wisdom and how it guides their teaching and practice. Wisdom is seen by them as a universal humanuniverse living experience that is inspired and cocreated with their faith and understanding of God with others. They apply the concept of wisdom in global service experiences that their institution supports. These experiences strengthen their inherent core whatness as they cocreate what is important in the moment while participating in teaching-learning.
From Faith to Global Understanding
Authors: Baumann Steven L.
Published: June 2024

This is an introduction to a manuscript by the faculty and the Dean of the California Baptist University on their International Service Project (ISP) and Academic Service-Learning project.
Benefits of the Modified Version of the Illness-Wellness Continuum Model for Nurse Education
Authors: Wang Shu-Yi , Matthews Ellyn E.
Published: June 2024

With rapid advancements in sciences and the expanding scope of nursing practice, faculty are challenged to connect the experiences of learners with abstract concepts of science and to cultivate clinical reasoning skills. Rationale for the adoption of the illness-wellness continuum model includes the following: (a) the relationships among illness, health, and the nursing process are relevant in many health situations, and (b) levels of wellness are steeped in holistic principles of self-care, which are consistent with educational and clinical goals. The modified version of the illness-wellness continuum model can serve as the groundwork that prepares nursing students in a constantly changing workplace.
Heuristic Research in Nursing Science
Authors: Butcher Howard K.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this article is to reintroduce and describe the processes and phases of heuristic inquiry and to illustrate how the method can advance nursing science. Heuristic inquiry is a rigorous, systematic, phenomenologically orientated research method developed by Clark Moustakas for investigating, discovering, and understanding the nature and meaning of living experiences. Heuristic inquiry invites the inclusion of the researcher’s autobiographical living of experience being investigated honoring the personal experiences of the phenomenon from self and each participant in the research study. The author proposes that heuristic inquiry be used in nursing science by including a theoretical interpretive process connecting the thematic essences of the nursing conceptual framework guiding the study. Nursing theory-guided heuristic research advances the study of caring for persons experiencing human-environmental-health transitions to enhance human betterment and wellbecoming.
Advancing Research on Career Sustainability
Authors: Greenhaus Jeffrey H. , Callanan Gerard A. , Powell Gary N.
Published: June 2024

Interest in sustainable careers has grown substantially in recent decades as a host of external and personal forces has increasingly disrupted individuals’ continued employment or diminished the quality of their experiences at work. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the definition and measurement of career sustainability that limits our understanding of the career sustainability process. In this article, we propose a definition that we believe represents the essence of career sustainability and make recommendations regarding the assessment of the construct. We then present a research agenda that includes a framework to guide research on the career sustainability process and identifies areas where future research attention is warranted. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of the framework for counseling practice.
Just War or Just Peace: Some Observations on the Debate in Germany
Authors: Koch Bernhard
Published: June 2024

In the debate on peace ethics in Germany, it is constantly argued that the ‘doctrine of just war’ must be replaced by a ‘doctrine of just peace’. The criteriology of just war can at best be preserved within a doctrine of just peace. However, it is often overlooked that—although the word ‘peace’ may sound nicer than ‘war’—a doctrine of just peace is also fraught with great difficulties in terms of content. The concept of peace can be interpreted in different ways; the concept of justice must even be differentiated if it is to have meaning at all. Ultimately, the two concepts point to a different understanding of tradition and historicity: while the doctrine of just war takes its criteria from the tradition, the idea of just peace attempts to draw conclusions for the present from drafts or blueprints of the future. However, since the drafts can turn out differently, new conflicts will arise precisely for this reason. Talk of ‘just peace’ might be more pleasing to the public, but does not necessarily have to be more restrictive in terms of violence.
How renewable and nuclear energy-related research and development expenditures pave the way for curbing carbon emissions in France?
Authors: Pata Ugur Korkut , Naimoglu Mustafa
Published: June 2024

Research and development expenditures on clean energy have recently become an important option for sustainable development solutions. The lack of a study examining the impact of clean energy research and development expenditures on ecological quality in France is a research gap. With this motivation, this study aims to explore the impact of energy prices, technological advancements in renewable and nuclear energy on carbon (CO2) emissions in France from 1990 to 2020. To this end, the study employs the Fourier autoregressive distributed lag approach. The study recognizes the importance of environmental quality for sustainable development and highlights the negative ecological impact of fossil fuels. It points out that nuclear and renewable energy are valuable alternatives to fossil fuels. In addition, the study points out that rising energy prices can help encourage a switch to cleaner energy sources by making fossil fuels less economically viable. However, the adoption of alternative energies depends on factors such as cost and technological infrastructure. In particular, technological advancements in renewables have a greater impact on CO2 mitigation than those in nuclear energy. The unique contribution of this study is to explore the impact of energy-related technological developments on ecological quality in France, filling a research gap.
An ethnographic study to develop a taxonomy of lies for communicating with people with moderate to severe dementia
Authors: Murray Jane , Thompson Juliana , Hill Michael , James Ian
Published: June 2024

Background

There is no definition of what constitutes a lie when working with people with moderate to severe dementia. Lies are often defined as therapeutic with no evidence of how therapeutic value is gauged. There is no previous research that observes lies being told or the impact the lies have on people with dementia.

Aim

The aim was to develop a taxonomy of lies for use when supporting people with moderate to severe dementia and then use this to develop a model, which could be used to explore the impact of lie telling.

Research design

Ethnography was used, with the researcher observing and recording lies told to people with moderate to severe dementia, by professional caregivers. Data analysis was based on Burnard’s thematic analysis.

Ethical consideration

Ethical approval for the study was obtained from Northumbria University, the Research Ethics Committee (REC) and the Health Research Authority (HRA) in the United Kingdom. Study number 227508.

Findings

Six categories of lie were identified; blatant, avoidance, familiarity, props, banter and going along with. Spontaneous and planned lies were observed. Motivation, validation and genuineness were key in terms of how the person with dementia responded. These affective domains were used to develop the Lie ARM (affective reflective model).

Discussion

Planned and spontaneous lies are an effective intervention for people with moderate to severe dementia. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of their motivation for using lies, as well as the impact they have on patients.

Conclusion

The taxonomy is an objective way to categorise lies. It supports increased reflection, particularly if used in conjunction with the Lie ARM. The Lie ARM is a useful tool to help staff reflect on practice or to predict whether a proposed lie is likely to be therapeutic.
COVID-19 and nurses’ ethical issues: Comparisons between two European countries
Authors: Usberg Gerli , Clari Marco , Conti Alessio , Põld Mariliis , Kalda Ruth , Kangasniemi Mari
Published: June 2024

Background

The global pandemic raised ethical issues for nurses about caring for all patients, not just those with COVID-19. Italy was the first European country to be seriously affected by the first wave, while Estonia’s infection and death rates were among the lowest in Europe. Did this raise different ethical issues for nurses in these two countries as well?

Aim

The aim was to describe and compare ethical issues between nurses working during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Estonia and Italy.

Research design

A cross-sectional survey study with a self-administered questionnaire. The impact of COVID- 19 emergency on nursing care questionnaire was used.

Participants and research context

Convenience sampling was used to recruit 1098 nurses working during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020: 162 from Estonia and 936 from Italy.

Ethical considerations

Research ethics approvals were obtained, and the nurses provided informed consent.

Results

The most frequent ethical issues for Estonian nurses were professional communication and ensuring access to care for patients without COVID-19, and for Italian nurses, the end-of-life care and the risk of them getting the virus and transmitting it to their loved ones. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of ethical issues between Estonian nurses working with patients with and without COVID-19. Italian nurses caring for COVID-19 patients faced statistically significantly more (both p < .001) issues around prioritising patients and end-of-life. Nurses working with patients without COVID-19 in Italy faced more issues about access to care ( p < .001).

Conclusions

Estonian and Italian nurses, working in different clinical contexts during the first wave of the pandemic, faced different ethical issues. Local contextual aspects need to be considered to support nurses’ ethical decision-making in providing care during future crises and to ensure ethical care for patients.
Punicalagin Ameliorating Renal Cell Tumors Against N-Diethylnitrosamine-initiated Iron Nitrilotriacetate-induced Carcinogenesis
Authors: Li Li , Liu Lin , Qin Hong , Xing Ligang
Published: June 2024

Background

Renal cell carcinoma, the most prominent kind of adult kidney cancer, lacks early warning symptoms, leading to metastases at the time of diagnosis. Renal cell carcinoma begins with N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and is accelerated by ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA), which may be a good research model for renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose

This study was designed to unveil the protective potential of punicalagin against renal cell tumors induced by Fe-NTA in male mice.

Materials and Methods

Renal cancer initiation was achieved through a single intraperitoneal injection of DEN (200 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.)), followed by promotion using Fe-NTA (9 mg Fe/kg b.wt. intraperitoneally) administered twice weekly over 16 weeks. Simultaneously, mice were subjected to punicalagin (10 mg/kg b.wt.) for an uninterrupted 16-week duration. The chemopreventive efficacy of punicalagin was assessed by evaluating antioxidant activities, oxidative stress markers, renal function parameters, histopathological examinations, and immunohistochemical analyses.

Results

Results showed a significant reduction in DEN and Fe-NTA-mediated lipid peroxidation, concurrent with the amelioration of renal function, as reflected by diminished levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and kidney injury molecule-1 in punicalagin-treated mice. Furthermore, punicalagin restored the renal antioxidant parameters like superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione in DEN and Fe-NTA-treated mice. Further, it was observed that punicalagin reduces the expression of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (levels and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-modified protein adducts within the kidney tissue.

Conclusion

These findings were further substantiated by histological examinations. Our current findings indicate that punicalagin might be a potential contender for preventing renal cancer, likely due to its capacity to reduce oxidative stress in laboratory animals.
Delineating the Growth Boundary of Indian Cities: Projection of the Urban Footprints
Authors: Choudhury Binayak , Alam Ashfaque , Bansal Amit Kumar
Published: June 2024

Cities in India cannot be contained by arbitrarily delimiting their boundaries. The delineation of a master plan boundary, formally known as urban growth boundary (UGB) of Indian cities, is utterly flawed not only because of the arbitrariness with which UGBs are delineated but also because of the utter discounting of the tenets of the draft National Land Utilisation Policy, which specifies functions of land serving the needs of people, the environment and different sectors of the city’s economy. The indiscriminate urban sprawl has only resulted in the loss of high-quality agricultural land and open spaces besides disturbing the ecosystems. It is not tenable that land prices necessarily rise within the city owing to the UGB, as it is plausible to have comparable growth on both sides of the UGB if they have the same level of services at the same price. This article examines the debate around UGB and undertakes an empirical exercise to objectively delineate it for an Indian city through different urban footprints to prevent the arbitrary urban sprawl that is occurring. The approach followed in this article is applicable to any city across the geographies.
Evidence for and against manganese deficiency as causal for congenital joint deficiency disease or death in fetal and neonatal cattle
Authors: Schaeffer David J , Villar David
Published: June 2024

Measures of manganese (Mn) status in cattle vary among studies, and no single criterion accurately predicts or diagnoses Mn deficiency and pathologic outcomes. Mn deficiency causes congenital joint laxity and dwarfism (CJLD) when total dietary intake is <20 ppm Mn dry matter (DM) for most of the pregnancy. However, the recommended dietary intake of 40 ppm DM can also result in clinical Mn deficiency. Some studies have found that CJLD occurs in calves from cows fed red clover or silage but not in calves from cows fed hay. The concentration of Mn in the liver is the best indicator of Mn status in neonates and adults but cannot be interpreted in fetuses. Serum, plasma, and whole blood concentrations of Mn are unreliable indicators of bovine Mn status. The primary objective of our report is to present evidence linking CJLD to a primary or secondary Mn deficiency. To predict and diagnose Mn deficiency in cattle, we propose using a combination of clinical signs, dietary Mn, liver Mn at birth and beyond, positive response to Mn supplementation or the replacement of silage with other forages, and ruling out other causes of malformations. By following these recommendations, we expect that CJLD and gestational death will decrease as hepatic Mn concentrations increase at birth. Many publications we reviewed are not statistically sound, and future research should include a statistician from the initial discussions of the study through the final publication.
Sinonasal chondrosarcoma in a llama
Authors: Cheng Arthur , Horzmann Katharine , Yin Ji-Hang , Titos Patricia , Bayne Jenna E. , Neto Rachel
Published: June 2024

A 14-y-old intact female llama ( Lama glama) was presented for evaluation of a right maxillary swelling of 3-mo duration. Clinically, the animal had mild nasal discharge, abnormal retropulsion of the right eye, and moderate gingival disease. An incisional biopsy of the maxillary mass revealed pleomorphic and mitotically active neoplastic spindle-to-stellate cells organized in haphazard lacunae embedded in abundant chondroid matrix. Given the poor prognosis, euthanasia was elected. Postmortem examination and sectioning of the head exposed a large solid, white, firm mass that vastly expanded the right infraorbital region, extending to the maxilla, effacing the right nasal conchae and ipsilateral zygomatic bone. Collectively, postmortem dissection, cytology, and histopathology of the primary mass supported a diagnosis of sinonasal chondrosarcoma. To our knowledge, this entity had not been reported previously in this species and should be considered a differential for facial deformities in New World camelids.
From Losers to Winners: Overcoming Negative Leader Legacy in Radical Organisational Change
Authors: Siltaoja Marjo , Sorsa Virpi
Published: June 2024

This study examines how a new leader reshapes the negative legacy of a previous leader to influence employee identification during radical organisational change. Drawing on a longitudinal study in one of the world’s oldest airlines, we analyse the organisational discourse surrounding a radical transformation spanning the tenures of two successive Chief Executive Officers (from now on CEO). Our findings show how the first CEO’s coercive discourse of “responsibilisation” led to resistance and conflict, ultimately leading to his departure. Subsequently, the second CEO reframed the negative discursive legacy of the previous CEO into an aspirational identity for the organisation. Our findings elaborate on the conditions these discourses provided for employee identification. We discuss the implications of our study for the literature on leadership legacies and provide new insights into leaders’ restorative use of discourse in the context of organisational change.