bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pattern discovery of long non‐coding RNAs associated with the herbal treatments in breast and prostate cancers
Authors: Esfahani Elham Dalalbashi , Ebrahimie Esmaeil , Niazi Ali , Dehcheshmeh Manijeh Mohammadi
Published: July 2023

Functionally characterized lncRNAs play critical roles in cancer progression but the potential relationship between lncRNAs and herbal medicine is yet to be known. To identify this association by RNA‐seq data for breast and prostate cancer, a co‐expression network in response to herbal medicines was performed. GO terms and pathway analyses on differential co‐expressed mRNAs revealed that lncRNAs were widely co‐expressed with metabolic process genes. On the other hand, various machine learning‐based prediction systems on the differential co‐expressed lncRNAs were implemented. Results show that the Deep Learning model could accurately forecast cancer‐related lncRNAs.

Background

Accumulating evidence shows that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in cancer progression. The possible association between lncRNAs and herbal medicine is yet to be known. This study aims to identify medicinal herbs associated with lncRNAs by RNA‐seq data for breast and prostate cancer.

Methods

To develop the optimal approach for identifying cancer‐related lncRNAs, we implemented two steps: (1) applying protein–protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), and pathway analyses, and (2) applying attribute weighting and finding the efficient classification model of the machine learning approach.

Results

In the first step, GO terms and pathway analyses on differential co‐expressed mRNAs revealed that lncRNAs were widely co‐expressed with metabolic process genes. We identified two hub lncRNA‐mRNA networks that implicate lncRNAs associated with breast and prostate cancer. In the second step, we implemented various machine learning‐based prediction systems (Decision Tree, Random Forest, Deep Learning, and Gradient‐Boosted Tree) on the non‐transformed and Z‐standardized differential co‐expressed lncRNAs. Based on five‐fold cross‐validation, we obtained high accuracy (91.11%), high sensitivity (88.33%), and high specificity (93.33%) in Deep Learning which reinforces the biomarker power of identified lncRNAs in this study. As data originally came from different cell lines at different durations of herbal treatment intervention, we applied seven attribute weighting algorithms to check the effects of variables on identifying lncRNAs. Attribute weighting results showed that the cell line and time had little or no effect on the selected lncRNAs list. Besides, we identified one known lncRNAs, downregulated RNA in cancer (DRAIC), as an essential feature.

Conclusions

This study will provide further insights to investigate the potential therapeutic and prognostic targets for prostate cancer (PC) and breast cancer (BC) in common.
Interfiber bonding and fiber segment activation in paper
Authors: Vainioa Anna K. , Paulapuro Hannu
Published: July 2023

Bonding and activation in paper were studied with the help of laboratory test sheets and common paper strength tests. Different papermaking furnishes and raw material treatments were used to examine the effects they have on bonding and activation. Furthermore, various boundary conditions during drying were included to single out the influence of bonding and activation on paper properties. It was found that bonding is clearly increased by beating of kraft pulp, starch addition, and thermomechanical pulp fines, whereas activation benefited most from beating and addition of reinforcement fibers to mechanical pulp based furnishes. Subjecting test sheets to increasing amounts of drying stress affected activation positively, and bonding negatively. The increase in activation did not seem to be dependent on the beating degree of chemical pulp fibers. Bonding, on the other hand, deteriorated more significantly in sheets made of extensively beaten kraft fibers, i.e. in sheets where the initial bonding potential was higher. Commonly used paper strength measurements provide dependable and accurate tools for assessing the effect of different variables on both bonding and activation. A short literature survey of bonding and activation is also provided.
Quod bonum felix faustumque sit
Authors: Jens Walter , Welck Karin von , Lüthje Jürgen , Leicht Robert
Published: July 2023

Dieser Band dokumentiert Ansprachen und Reden, die anlässlich der Verleihung des Dr. theol. honoris causa durch den Fachbereich Evangelische Theologie an Professor Dr. mult. Walter Jens gehalten worden sind.
Hermann Franz Matthias Mutzenbecher
Authors: Schröder Hans Joachim
Published: July 2023

Die alteingesessene Familie der Mutzenbechers hat im Leben der Hansestadt immer wieder eine wichtige Rolle gespielt. Einer der herausragenden Vertreter der Familie ist Hermann Franz Matthias Mutzenbecher, Donator der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Stiftung. Er stand zahlreichen Versicherungsgesellschaften vor und leitete mit seinem jüngeren Bruder Franz Ferdinand in den Jahren zwischen 1901 und 1931 den Mutzenbecher-Konzern, einen Firmenverbund, zu dem u.a. die Albingia Versicherungsgesellschaft gehörte. Die Versicherungsgeschäfte, die das Leben H. F. M. Mutzenbechers bestimmten, sind in ihrem Auf und Ab eine Widerspiegelung weltumspannender Geschichtsverläufe.
Improvement of the methods of stopping nose bleeds in patients under antithrombotic therapy
Authors: Garyuk Hryhorii , Bychkova Nataliia
Published: July 2023

The aim of the research. Comparative study of the effectiveness of various methods of stopping epistaxis in patients under antithrombotic therapy.
Materials and methods. The study of the effectiveness of various methods of stopping bleeding in 156 patients with epistaxis, which developed against the background of antithrombotic therapy, was conducted. All patients were divided into two groups: the main group (104 patients), in which the stoppage of nosebleeds was carried out by a combined method, which includes the use of a two-chamber hydrotampon of our own design in combination with "Nosochem" gel and thermal exposure, and a control group (52 patients), where classic gauze tamponade of the nasal cavity was used.
Results. The method proposed by us showed its effectiveness in stopping nosebleeds in 100 (96.1 %) patients of the main group. In the control group of patients with gauze tamponade of the nasal cavity, tamponade ensured stable hemostasis in 44 (84.6 %) patients.
Conclusions. The combined method of stopping epistaxis, which includes the use of a two-chamber hydrotampon of our own design in combination with "Nosochem" gel and thermal exposure, is more effective and safer compared to traditional gauze tamponade and can be recommended as the method of choice for stopping epistaxis against the background of antithrombotic therapy. The proposed method is easy to use, provides a reliable hemostatic effect, preserves the function of nasal breathing, reduces the trauma of tamponade and the risk of recurrent bleeding. One of the advantages of the hydrotampon is the absence of the tampon sticking to the mucous membrane and its impregnation with blood and wound exudate, which allows you to extend the period of tamponade if necessary, and the tampon removal procedure is less painful with a lower risk of bleeding recurrence
Activation of the student's learning potential by educational coaching
Authors: Myskiv Iryna , Sydorchuk Olena , Dmytruk Veronika
Published: July 2023

The article delves into the concept of educational coaching in the context of technical higher education institutions. Educational coaching is examined in terms of its methodology and techniques, which distinguish it from other forms of education. The focus is on the multi-faceted approach of coaching that aims at personal development and can significantly enhance the learning potential of students. The chosen coaching methodology determines the specific areas of development that are prioritized.
The main principles of educational coaching include prioritizing personal development in education, facilitating individuals to reach their full potential, developing competencies, and overcoming obstacles that hinder achieving personal and professional goals. Educational coaching also involves creating a plan of action in collaboration with the student and nurturing a productive and active partnership between the teacher and the student. The article emphasizes that educational coaching is based on interaction between the participants of the educational process. This interaction is rooted in dialogue, and the information-psychological approach takes into account cognitive style, including mental processes, such as comparison, analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification, conceptual connections, and deduction.
The cognitive development strategy begins with an orientation towards action. Communication is viewed as a form of connection, which involves information exchange and interaction, with the main objective of stimulating action and regulating the flow of information. The article stresses that educational coaching plays a pivotal role in facilitating significant and long-lasting personal and professional changes.
Overall, the article highlights the significance of educational coaching as a powerful tool that can activate the students' learning potential. It also underscores the importance of the interactive and dialogical approach in the coaching methodology, which is crucial in achieving successful and sustainable outcomes. Educational coaching prioritizes personal development in education and helps students reach their full potential, thereby enhancing their competencies and overcoming obstacles to achieve their personal and professional goals
THE REORGANIZATION OF THE FAMILY LIFE WITH CHILDREN DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BRAZIL
Authors: SOMMERHALDER ALINE , ZANOTTO LUANA , PENTINI ANNA ALUFFI
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: This paper aims to discuss the daily home life of families with school-age children during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also intends to problematize possible changes in the Brazilian children's routine due to the closure of schools and increased time at home. According to socio-humanist theoretical thinking, we analyzed the data through a critical-interpretative lens based on family life concepts. This paper presents part of the Brazilian results obtained through an online questionnaire, e-survey, in a public opinion format, using a quantitative and qualitative approach. Four hundred seventy-two families participated, mostly from cities in the state of São Paulo. The results indicate that the family structure followed the changes proposed by adults, who were protagonists in the domestic daily life transformed by the pandemic. In Freire's perspective, the changes indicated by the adults occurred through the expansion of children's proximity and recognition, in addition to the inclusion of school activities and re-creation of new educational forms in the routine, under several limitations. The household changes were permeated by understanding new configurations that established educational-dialogical-cooperative relationships between different members, children, and adults.
Gênero Ulothrix (Chlorophyceae) no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Díaz-Valle Karina Alejandra , Bicudo Carlos Eduardo de Mattos
Published: July 2023

RESUMO Levantamento florístico do gênero Ulothrix (Ulotrichaceae, Chlorophyceae) no Estado de São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil. Foram identificadas cinco espécies com base em sua morfologia celular externa e interna, descritas em detalhes e ilustradas. Ulothrix tenerrima e U. tenuissima ocorreram em quatro municípios cada uma, U. aequalis var. aequalis f. aequalis em três, U. zonata em dois, e U. subtilissima apenas em um município; U. tenuissima foi presentemente citada pela primeira vez para o Estado de São Paulo.
Notas sobre a ocorrência de Cheilolejeunea savannae L.P. Macedo, Ilk.-Borg. & C.J. Bastos e C. intertexta (Lindenb.) Steph. no Brasil, e restabelecimento de Cheilolejeunea compacta (Steph.) M.E. Reiner (Lejeuneaeceae, Jungermanniidae).
Authors: Bastos Cid José Passos , Silva Fábio Vítor de Souza
Published: July 2023

RESUMO A descrição da nova espécie para o Brasil, Cheilolejeunea savannae L.P. Macedo, Ilk.-Borg. & C.J. Bastos, suscitou a necessidade de rever muitos espécimes identificados previamente como Cheilolejeunea intertexta (Lindenb.) Steph., objetivando o refinamento do conceito desta espécie e a sua real distribuição no Brasil. O presente estudo também resultou no restabelecimento de Cheilolejeunea compacta (Steph.) M.E. Reiner, previamente considerada como sinônimo de C. intertexta, como táxon distinto. Foi demonstrado, também, que C. savannae tem distribuição mais ampla no Brasil e especialmente no Estado da Bahia, comparativamente à C. intertexta e C. compacta. Descrições e uma chave para a separação das três espécies aqui reconhecidas são apresentadas.
Review of the book “Radiology in Forensic Medicine. From Identification to Postmortem Imaging” translated from English under the editorship of Professor V.A. Klevno
Authors: Tsiatsiuyeu Andrei M.
Published: July 2023

The book Radiology in Forensic Medicine. From Identification to Postmortem Imaging, translated from English under the editorship of Professor V.A. Klevno, is reviewed.
The review aimed to objectively evaluate the content of the scientific and practical publication and to determine its value for science and practice.
The book consists of 29 chapters. Each chapter includes a list of references. The history of forensic radiology is briefly described, and the advantages, and disadvantages of traditional autopsy versus postmortem imaging are reviewed. This book focuses on postmortem imaging in forensic medicine and special forensic radiology, including imaging of corpses after various types of external exposure, during sudden death, of fetuses, and newborns and of putrefied and charred corpses. Several chapters are devoted to imaging in clinical forensic medicine to assess injuries, detect drug smuggling by body packers, and diagnose some occupational diseases. The role of postmortem imaging in identifying victims of mass disasters is discussed. The authors critically evaluate the advantages and limitations of virtual autopsy.
Given the advancements of interdisciplinary approaches in forensic medicine and the increasing role of radiologists in forensic practice, the publication of this book in Russian is more relevant than ever. It will be of interest to both forensic physicians and radiologists.
Amyand’s hernia in adult and pediatric practice. Urological aspects
Authors: Shchedrov Dmitry N. , Shormanov Igor S. , Garova Daria Yu. , Sidorova Natalia A.
Published: July 2023

Amyands hernia, an inguinal hernia that contains the appendix within the hernia sac, is a rare condition in surgical, and even more so in urological practice. It is difficult to diagnose due to its low frequency, anatomical atypicality and urgency. There are no review publications on this issue, and those that are available are mainly descriptions of individual cases. In this article an attempt was made to highlight the largest possible number of clinical observations that reflect the urological aspects of the problem and present them in a systematic manner. Aim to analyze the available publications covering the urological aspects of Amyands hernia.
The literature review was carried out on the basis of publications covering the urological aspects of Amyands hernia in adults and children, published in PubMed databases and Scientific Electronic Library eLibrary.ru. The search was carried out by the following keywords: Amyands hernia, acute scrotum, inflammatory diseases of the scrotum, Fourniers phlegmon, scrotal fistula (in Russian and English). Taking into account the rarity of the analyzed problem, the analysis includes publications for the last 15 years. 189 publications related to the topic of the review were identified. 38 publications of the greatest scientific and practical interest were selected directly for citation in the review. The maximum number of available publications reflecting the urological aspects of Amyands hernia has been analyzed, and an attempt has been made to systematize them clinically. The variety of clinical manifestations caused by Amyands hernia is commonly referred to in the English literature as Amyands hernia syndrome. We have identified the following variants of the clinical course: scrotal fistula a casuistic variant described in detail only by C. Amyand; picture of the acute scrotum syndrome the most frequent variant of the clinical course of Amyands hernia with scrotal manifestations is noted mainly in childhood, however, it can also occur in adults in all age groups; phlegmon of the scrotum, phlegmon of Fournier an extremely rare variant of the clinical course with scrotal manifestations, publications on this subject are rare.
Amyands hernia being a rare surgical problem in both children and adults, has a number of urological masks, causing diagnostic difficulties and is of some interest to the urologists.
Diagnostics and treatment of bladder diverticula
Authors: Sivakov Alexey A. , Protoshchak Vladimir V. , Gozalishvili Sergei M. , Osipov Alexey V. , Shanava Gocha Sh. , Ismailov Kirill I. , Movsisyan Arutyun T.
Published: July 2023

Diverticula of the bladder in adults in most cases are secondary and develop against the background of bladder outlet obstruction. Their true prevalence is unknown. More often, they are small in size and clinically asymptomatic. In cases where the diverticulum of the bladder is complicated by a chronic recurrent infection, stones, tumor or hydronephrosis on the side of the lesion, diverticulectomy is indicated. Approaches to diagnosis and treatment options for this pathology are considered on several clinical examples.
La enseñanza de la bioética en el ámbito universitario
Authors: Paragis María Paula , Tomas Maier Alejandra , González Pla Florencia , Michel Fariña Juan Jorge
Published: July 2023

¿Cómo enseñar bioética de manera rigurosa y atractiva? El presente trabajo desarrolla una de las estrategias pedagógicas implementadas por un equipo de investigación de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires para la transmisión de la Bioética por medio de plataformas en línea. A partir de la metodología del Casebook Unesco de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental se diseñó un ejercicio de tipo multiple-choice en la plataforma educativa Moodle, el cual presenta dilemas éticos complejos de manera sencilla y clara. El propósito de la actividad es proporcionar una herramienta que permita contemplar los efectos del curso de acción para el campo de la salud y la subjetividad. La ejercitación consiste en proveer distintos niveles de ayuda para la resolución de la situación dilemática, mediante la referencia a fuentes bibliográficas pertinentes, con especial énfasis en la articulación con la Declaración Universal sobre Bioética y Derechos Humanos y los códigos deontológicos que rigen el ejercicio profesional. La utilización de los casos-viñeta en entornos virtuales tiene por objetivo el desarrollo de competencias que permitan a los estudiantes participar de forma activa en los procesos de toma de decisión. Ello apela a la construcción colectiva del saber por medio del intercambio dialógico y la deliberación ética.
Ответственность органов и должностных лиц местного самоуправления
Authors: Ивахина К.А. , Покарева М.А. , Баршова О.А.
Published: July 2023

В данной статье нами рассмотрен вопрос ответственности органов местного самоуправления. В юридической науке дискуссионным является вопрос о выделении муниципально-правовой ответственность в качестве самостоятельного вида юридической ответственности. Помимо этого, рассмотрены отдельные виды юридической ответственности органов и должностных лиц местного самоуправления, приведены реальные примеры из судебной практики.
The impact of effective lipid-lowering therapy on the prognosis in patients who have suffered ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Oleynikov V. E. , Salyamova L. I. , Kvasova O. G. , Shmeleva V. A. , Tomashevskaya Yu. A. , Borisova N. A.
Published: July 2023

Objective. To study the dynamics of quality of life, exercise tolerance, parameters of central and peripheral blood pressure, adverse cardiovascular events depending on the achievement and maintenance of the target level (TL) of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) against the background of 48-week high-dose therapy with atorvastatin.Design and methods. In total, 141 patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation were included. Within 48 weeks patients received atorvastatin 40–80 mg/day. A comprehensive examination was performed on days 7–9, after 24 and 48 weeks. After 192 weeks the endpoints were assessed.Results. The study was completed by 125 people (88,7 %). The patients were divided into groups: “А” (n = 41) — with achieved TL of LDL after 24 and 48 weeks; “PA” (n = 35) — partially achieved TL of LDL — on one of two visits; “NA” (n = 49) — not achieved TL. According to the Minnesota questionnaire, the symptoms of chronic heart failure increased in the groups “PA” (+53,5 %; p = 0,009) and “NA” (+75 %; p = 0,001). During applanation tonometry in the “PA” group, the number of people with elevated pulse pressure in the aorta increased. In the “NA” group, an increase in cases of normal and elevated central aortic systolic, pulse pressure was diagnosed. After 192 weeks the frequency of endpoints in the “PA” and “NA” groups was 38,1 % vs 17,1 % in the “А” group (p = 0,017); the odds ratio was 3,0 (95 % confidence interval 1,2–7,5).Conclusions. Our study demonstrated the most favorable clinical profile and prognosis in patients who achieved and maintained LDL for 48 weeks treatment.
Mury, ogrodzenia i granice międzynarodowe
Authors: Biger Gideon
Published: July 2023

Artykuł dotyczy relacji między granicami państwowymi i współczesnym zjawiskiem stawiania murów i ogrodzeń wzdłuż tych granic. W celu uniknięcia działań militarnych i terrorystycznych, nielegalnej imigracji, przemytu, zwłaszcza między krajami biednymi i bogatymi, zbudowano i nadal się buduje coraz więcej ogrodzeń. Badania przedstawiają kilka modeli wspartych badaniami przypadków takich relacji, tzn. ogrodzeń/murów tworzących granicę, jednostronnych ogrodzeń/murów wzdłuż istniejącej granicy, dwustronnych murów wzdłuż uznanych granic państwowych, murów wybudowanych wzdłuż części granicy międzynarodowej, tj. granicy częściowo ogrodzonej, murów miast oraz murów w rejonach spornych, nieposiadających oficjalnych granic państwowych. Z podsumowania artykułu wynika, że dopóki istnieją różnice pomiędzy krajami, ludzie będą z wielu powodów próbowali nielegalnie przekraczać granice, a ci, którzy próbują ich powstrzymać, będą budować coraz więcej ogrodzeń na całym świecie.
Teacher's Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) in implementing Realistic Mathematics Education (RME)
Authors: Zubaidah Tuti , Johar Rahmah , Annisa Dewi , Safitri Yulinar
Published: July 2023

[English]: Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is crucial for mathematics teachers in teaching and learning due to the fact that mathematics is an abstract and interrelated subject; requiring adequate knowledge on the content and instructional practices. Applying Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) help students learn in meaningful way since it starts with contextual problems. Therefore, to realize the meaningful learning, teachers need to have PCK in implementing RME. This study aims to analyze two teachers' PCK in implementing RME for geometry topic. Prior to the classroom teaching, both teachers received teacher professional development program regarding RME. Data in this study were collected through classroom observation and interviews which were the analyzed qualitatively. The results of the analysis show that both teachers have similar PCK in applying RME. The PCK indicator fulfilled by the teachers is further discussed in this paper.
[Bahasa]: Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) atau pengetahuan pedadogis dan konten sangat diperlukan bagi guru matematika dalam pembelajaran karena matematika bersifat abstrak dan saling berkaitan, sehingga memerlukan penguasaan materi dan perencanaan pembelajaran yang baik. Pembelajaran dengan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (RME) membantu siswa belajar bermakna karena dimulai dari masalah nyata yang terdapat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari atau konteks. Oleh karena itu, untuk mewujudkan pembelajaran bermakna tersebut, guru harus memiliki PCK dalam menerapkan RME. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis PCK dua orang guru dalam menerapkan RME pada materi geometri. Kedua guru tersebut telah mengikuti program pengembangan profesional guru sebelum pembelajaran dilaksanakan. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua guru memiliki PCK yang sama dalam menerapkan RME. Indikator yang dipenuhi dibahas lebih lanjut dalam tulisan ini.
Role of MeCP2 in oligodendrocyte lineage cells in Rett syndrome: review and inference
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Li Peng , Chen Yongchang
Published: July 2023

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder primarily caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene. Neuronal damage is the main factor contributing to RTT, and the loss of MeCP2 function can result in reduced neuronal somas size, decreased dendritic abundance, and impaired neuronal function. While specific restoration of MeCP2 expression in neurons has been reported to partially rescue the behavioral phenotype and prolong the lifespan of mice, it cannot provide a complete cure. Therefore, other cells may be involved in the development of RTT. Although imaging and autopsy findings have revealed decreased white matter volume and corpus callosum thickness in RTT patients, the mechanisms underlying the development of white matter abnormalities remain unclear. These abnormalities are predominantly caused by damage to mature oligodendrocytes. This review provides an overview of the proliferation, differentiation, and function of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and elucidates the role of MeCP2 in these cells.
ANN-based Reliability Enhancement of SMPS Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors in Cold Environments
Authors: Jeong Sunwoo , Kareem Akeem Bayo , Song Sungwook , Hur Jang-Wook
Published: July 2023

Switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) often utilize electrolytic capacitors due to their substantial energy density and economical pricing. However, their ability to function at low temperatures is essential for dependable operation in several sectors, including telecommunications, automotive, and aerospace. This study includes an experimental evaluation of how well standard SMPS electrolytic capacitors operate at low temperatures. This paper investigates the suitability of standard electrolytic capacitors used in switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) for low-temperature applications. The experimental evaluation exposed the capacitors to temperatures ranging from - 5 ∘C to - 40 ∘C, assessing capacitance (Cp), impedance (Z), dissipation factor (DF), and equivalent series resistance (ESR) at each temperature. The capacitor’s time-domain electrical signals were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient to extract discriminative features. These features were input into an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for training and testing. Results indicated a significant impact of low temperatures on capacitor performance. Capacitance decreased with lower temperatures, while ESR and leakage current increased, affecting stability and efficiency. Impedance proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying potential capacitor failure, showing a 98.44% accuracy drop at - 5 degrees and 88.75% at the peak temperature, indicating proximity to the manufacturer’s specified limit. The study suggests further research and development to improve electrolytic capacitors’ performance in SMPS systems under cold conditions to enhance efficiency and reliability.
SANKSI PIDANA ANAK TERHADAP PENYALAHGUNAAN NAPZA DIKAJI DARI LEGAL JUSTICE
Authors: Rajasa Alvien Okta , Kristiyadi Kristiyadi
Published: July 2023

Narcotics are drugs used for the medical world for patients who have certain diseases. Of course, with the rules of use according to the instructions of the doctor concerned. However, the problem of drug abuse has become a national and international problem. Narcotics abuse can cause physical, mental, psychological, emotional and attitudinal damage in society. Children who are involved in drugs must get protection both psychologically and legally to avoid psychological disorders that may occur in children and preventive measures of stigmatization of children in conflict with the law and it is hoped that children can return to the social environment in society. The purpose of the research is an objective objective, namely to determine the suitability of the judge's assessment of the evidence in decision number 001/pid.sus-anak/2021/pn skt with the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code and Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. Meanwhile, the subjective goal is to add, broaden the author's horizons and abilities in studying problems in the field of Criminal Procedure Law. The benefits of research consist of theoretical benefits and practical benefits. The theoretical benefits of the research results can be used to explore the theories that have been obtained by the author in writing legal writing. And the practical benefit is that it can provide benefits and additional knowledge for various parties in need, especially in community groups and in general and parties related to the subject matter.

 Keywords: Sanctions, Child Crime, Narcotics, Legal Justice
5 years of leaching experiments to evaluate a modified bauxite residue. Part 1: transformation into a soil and storage of immobilized heavy metals from acid mine drainage
Authors: Merdy Patricia , Parker Alexandre , Chen Chen , Hennebert Pierre
Published: July 2023

ALTEO company produces approximately 300,000 tons per year of bauxite residue washed and dried in a press filter, so-called Bauxaline®, after extraction of the alumina. The study explored different ways of recovery and re-use for this residue, namely transformation into a vegetated soil, acid mine drainage depollution, and sulfide-mine tailings remediation. The soluble alkalinity of the material was transformed into solid phase alkalinity by reaction with atmospheric CO2 and precipitation of carbonates in limestone following the addition of gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate), and the resulting sodium sulfate was leached. The Bauxaline® was so transformed into modified bauxite residue (MBR), with reduced alkalinity, salinity and sodicity. A total of sixteen lysimeters of 40 liters volume each and one lysimeter of 700 liters were set up and allowed 5-years monitoring, to assess long-term emissions from MBR and MBR having reacted with acid mine drainage. Vegetation was tested on various conditions and its impact on emission was evaluated. The emissions are compliant with EU inert waste or non-hazardous waste storage requirements. The material can be easily vegetated. This study demonstrates that red mud can be transformed into an soil, that acid mine drainage can be depolluted at pilot scale site by MBR, and that the metal-laden MBR can be stored on-site and revegetated by natural topsoil or better by MBR.
The Influencing Factors of Global Agricultural Production Efficiency and International Comparison Analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaoying , Li Tianjian , Zhang Kecheng
Published: July 2023

Based on the panel data of agricultural input and output of 86 countries from 1981 to 2016, the study constructs the trans-logarithmic production function model to estimate the global agricultural production efficiency and its influencing factors. The results show that the current global average agricultural efficiency loss of about 57.9%. There is a big gap in agricultural production efficiency between countries of different income levels, and the higher the income levels, the higher the agricultural efficiency. The improvement of agricultural irrigation facilities, human capital level, agricultural industrial structure and agricultural R&D input may exert significant positive effects on agricultural production efficiency.
Characterizing Autoimmune Uveitis in Relation to Systemic Diseases: A Retrospective Study from a Syrian Tertiary Reference Center.
Authors: Kudsi Maysoun , Deeb Haya , Khalayli Naram , Abouharb Dani , Abouharb Lana , Al-Darwish Lama , Almajzoub Rahaf
Published: July 2023

Background: Uveitis, a notable cause of severe visual impairment, is frequently characterized as infectious or non-infectious autoimmune uveitis (AU), the latter of which is commonly associated with younger individuals and systemic diseases. Despite the condition's widespread impact, there are substantial gaps in the comprehension of its pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and therapeutic response, particularly concerning systemic disease-associated uveitis.
Aim of the Study: The current study aims to bridge these gaps through an extensive examination of demographic and clinical features in AU patients, thereby informing future research, therapeutic strategies, and improving patient outcomes.
Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed 87 patients with systemic disease-associated uveitis from January 2018 to December 2022 in Damascus, Syria. With diagnoses made using the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature Working Group Criteria, the study evaluated tailored treatment efficacy at the 24-month post-treatment mark, alongside comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, laboratory evaluations, and radiographic assessments.
Results: In our study included 87 patients with Systemic Disease-Associated Autoimmune Uveitis (SDA-AU). Women represented 64.36% of this group, and the mean age at diagnosis was 43.8 for women and 39.8 for men. The most reported symptom was a painful red eye (52.87%). The onset of symptoms was sudden for 32.18% of patients, while 67.81% reported gradual development. Complications occurred in 33.33% of patients, including cataracts (41.37% of those with complications) and glaucoma (17.24%). Laboratory evaluations showed elevated inflammation markers in 66.66% of patients. Upon the 24-month assessment, 48.27% of patients achieved complete remission, 37.93% showed significant improvement, while disease worsened in 13.79% of cases.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the presentation of autoimmune uveitis in this cohort frequently precedes the diagnosis of systemic diseases, affirming the vital role of an early and accurate diagnosis of uveitis for the detection of underlying systemic conditions. In conclusion, our study underlines the significance of a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach in the management of SD-AU, leading to improved prognosis and quality of life for patients.
Single-cycle SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicits high protection and sterilizing immunity in hamsters
Authors: Klimkait Thomas , Lett Martin , Otte Fabian , Hauser David , Schön Jacob , Kipfer Enja , Hoffmann Donata , Halwe Nico , Breithaupt Angele , Ulrich Lorenz , Britzke Tobias , Zhang Yuepeng , Cmiljanovic Vladimir , Wylezich Claudia , Urda Lorena , Lang Christopher , Beer Martin , Mittelholzer Christian
Published: July 2023

Vaccines have been central in ending the COVID-19 pandemic, but newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants increasingly escape first-generation vaccine protection. To fill this gap, live particle-based vaccines mimicking natural infection aim at protecting against a broader spectrum of virus variants. We designed “single-cycle SARS-CoV-2 viruses” (SCVs) that lack essential viral genes, possess superior immune-modulatory features and provide an excellent safety profile in the Syrian hamster model. All intranasally vaccinated animals were fully protected against an autologous challenge with SARS-CoV-2 virus using an Envelope-gene-deleted vaccine candidate. By deleting key immune-downregulating genes, sterilizing immunity was achieved with an advanced candidate without virus spread to contact animals. Furthermore, vaccinated animals were protected from SARS-CoV-2 characteristic tissue inflammation and lung damage. Hence, SCVs have the potential to induce broad and durable protection against COVID-19 superior to a natural infection.
α-Ketoglutarate Supplementation and NAD+ Modulation Enhance Metabolic Rewiring and Radiosensitization in SLC25A1 Inhibited Cancer Cells
Authors: Matschke Johann , Xiang Kexu , Kunin Mikhail , Larafa Safa , Busch Maike , Duenker Nicole , Jendrossek Verena
Published: July 2023

Metabolic rewiring is the result of the growing demands and proliferation of cancer cells, leading to alterations of biological activities and reactions to treatments of cancer cells. The mitochondrial citrate transport protein SLC25A1 is involved in metabolic reprogramming offering a strategy to induce metabolic bottlenecks with relevance for radiosensitization by accumulation of the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) upon SLC25A1 inhibition (SLC25A1i). Previous studies have uncovered the comparative effects of SLC25A1i or cell permeable D-2HG (octyl-D-2HG) treatments on DNA damage induction and repair as well as on energy metabolism and cellular function crucial for long-term survival of irradiated cells. Here, α-ketoglutarate (αKG), the precursor of D-2HG, potentiated the effects observed upon SLC25A1i on DNA damage repair, cell function and long-term survival in vitro and in vivo, thus making NCI-H460 cancer cells more vulnerable to ionizing radiation. However, αKG treatment alone could hardly exert its effect on the respective phenotypes. Additionally, nicotinamide (NAM) supplementation, as the precursor of NAD (including NAD+ and NADH), was counteracting the effects of SLC25A1i or the combination of SLC25A1i with αKG, emphasizing a potential importance of NAD+/NADH equilibrium on cellular activities relevant for survival of irradiated cancer cells upon SLC25A1i. Furthermore, inhibition of histone lysine demethylases (KDMs), as a major factor affected upon SLC25A1i, by JIB04 treatment alone or in combination with αKG supplementation phenocopied the wide-ranging effects on mitochondrial and cellular function induced upon SLC25A1i. Collectively, αKG-supplementation potentiated the effects on cellular processes observed upon SLC25A1i and increased cellular need for NAD to re-balance the cellular state and ensure survival upon irradiation. Future studies will uncover the underlying metabolic reprogramming induced by SLC25A1i offering novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
Unique Hyperspectral Response Design in High-Speed Photodetectors Enabled by Periodic Surface Textures
Authors: Islam M. Saif , Ahamed Ahasan , Rawat Amita , Mayet Ahmed , McPhillips Lisa
Published: July 2023

Engineered spectral response in photodetectors combined with advanced signal processing and deep learning-based image reconstruction enables widespread applications of hyperspectral imaging. These advancements in spectral imaging eliminate the need for complex filters and dispersion lenses, benefiting various fields such as remote sensing, astronomy, agriculture, healthcare, forensics, food quality assessment, environmental monitoring, and cultural heritage preservation. We present a spectral response design method using photon-trapping surface textures (PTSTs) to enable system miniaturization by eliminating the need for external diffraction optics and employing detector-only spectral sensors. We additionally demonstrate the fabrication of cost-effective, high-performance silicon photodetectors with unique spectral responses by integrating PTSTs. These CMOS-compatible photodetectors are ultra-fast, highly sensitive, and suitable for wideband multi/hyperspectral imaging systems. Our investigation uncovers a prominent linear correlation between the PTST periods and the peak coupling wavelengths while observing a weaker relationship with the PTST diameters. Furthermore, we establish a significant association between inter-PTST spacing and wave propagation patterns. In a proof-of-principle demonstration, we effectively employ these photodetectors with distinct spectral responses to capture visible and near-infrared wavelengths for multispectral imaging. These findings support the feasibility of integrating high-performance on-chip spectrometers, offering compact form factors, extensive applicability, and real-time data acquisition and manipulation capabilities.
Evaluation of tear film breakup time, Schirmer tear test, blink rate and tear ferning test in Shih-Tzu dogs
Authors: Vitor Rebeca Costa , Teixeira Jamille Bispo de Carvalho , Santos Katharine Costa dos , Oliveira Gabriela Mota Sena , Guedes Paula Elisa Brandão , Sevá Anaiá da Paixão , Junior Deusdete Conceição Gomes , Veloso Jéssica Fontes , Carlos Renata Santiago Alberto
Published: July 2023

Background: Shih-Tzu dogs are severely affected by lacrimal surface ophthalmic disorders, such as Dry Eye Disease (DED). The objective of this study was to evaluate tear quality in Shih-Tzu dogs. Thirty dogs underwent eyelid blink counting, tear film breakup time (TBUT) test, Schirmer tear test (STT-1), and tear ferning test (TFT).
Results: Of the 30 animals evaluated, 28 had STT-1 values within the normal range, with a mean and median of 24.5 and 25 mm/min, respectively. The mean and median of TBUT were 3.8 and 4 seconds, respectively. The majority of TFT classifications suggested ophthalmic alterations, with 61.1% classified as grade III according to the Rolando scale, and 46.4% as grade 3 according to the Masmali scale. In the blink rate, the mean and median values for incomplete eyelid blinks/min (86.9 and 67.5) were higher than for complete blinks/min (22.9 and 12), and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). Two dogs had STT-1 values below the reference range, with 10 mm/min in the right eye (RE) and 7 mm/min in the left eye (LE) for the first dog, and 9 mm/min (RE) and 10 mm/min (LE) for the second dog. The TBUT for the first dog was 3 and 4 seconds in the RE and LE, respectively, while for the second dog, it was 3 and 2 seconds in the RE and LE, respectively. Regarding TFT classification, the first dog had type II according to the Rolando scale for both eyes and grade 2 according to the Masmali scale for both eyes, while the second dog had type IV according to the Rolando scale for both eyes and grade 4 according to the Masmali scale for both eyes. In the blink rate, the evaluators observed a mean and median of 9.3 and 6 complete eyelid blinks/min, and 43.6 and 55 incomplete blinks/min for the first dog, and 3.3 and 3 complete eyelid blinks/min, and 43.3 and 44 incomplete blinks/min for the second dog.
Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, despite the animals having STT-1 values within the normal range for the species, there was a high prevalence of type III and grade 3 tear ferning pattern according to the Rolando and Masmali scales, respectively. These patterns are not considered healthy in dogs. Additionally, the dogs exhibited few complete eyelid blinks and a high frequency of incomplete blinks. This finding indicates that the animals, despite having an adequate aqueous fraction, have compromised tear quality and poor spreading of the tear film, which may result in Dry Eye Disease (DED). Further studies are necessary with animals showing STT-1 values below the normal range to better elucidate the abnormalities associated with DED.
The transcriptional landscape underlying metamorphosis in the Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus)
Authors: Huerlimann Roger , Roux Natacha , Maeda Ken , Pilieva Polina , Miura Saori , Izumiyama Michael , Laudet Vincent , Ravasi Timothy
Published: July 2023

Teleost fishes typically have a bi-phasic life cycle with a transition between larval and juvenile phases called metamorphosis, which is known to be regulated by thyroid hormones (TH). However, other hormonal systems might be involved as it is the case in amphibians in which corticosteroids are interacting with TH pathway to trigger and regulate metamorphosis. Unfortunately, such interplay is poorly understood in teleost fishes. In order to investigate the potential involvement of these two hormonal pathways, we used the Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) as a model system. We assembled a chromosome-scale genome and conducted a transcriptomic analysis of nine larval developmental stages. We studied the expression patterns of genes involved in TH and corticoid pathways, as well as four biological processes known to be regulated by TH in other teleost species: ossification, pigmentation, visual perception, and metabolism. Interestingly, we observed an interplay between TH and corticosteroid coinciding with metamorphosis and, more surprisingly, an early activation of both pathways was observed suggesting their implication in early larval development. Overall, our data reveal that on a common background (TH controlling metamorphosis) evolution is assembling species-specific peculiarities that allow to precisely align the molecular completion of metamorphosis with the ecological constraints.
Causal relationship in gut microbiota and Sjogren's syndrome using Mendelian randomization.
Authors: Zhao Li , Wu Zewen , Zhang Ruiqiao , Wu Ruonan , Zhang Yanlong , Zhang Shuqiu , Zhang Liyun
Published: July 2023

Background: A growing number of observational studies have found that gut microbiota is associated with a higher risk of Sjogren's syndrome. However, the relationship between the two remains to be further determined.
Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to determine whether the gut microbiota is causally related to Sjogren’s syndrome. As exposure factors, we used summary statistics from an 18340-person genome-wide association study of the gut microbiome published by MiBioGen consortium, and data from the Finn Gen GWAS of Sjogren's syndrome, with 2495 patients; 414,262 controls were included as disease outcomes.Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was subsequently performed by inverse variance-weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median. In addition, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were excluded by sensitivity analysis.
Results :IVW results confirmed that genus Ruminiclostridium9 (OR = 0.727, 95%CI: 0.536-0.986, P = 0.040),f family Victivallaceae(OR = 0.865, 95%CI: 0.750-0.999, P =0.048), while genus Butyricicoccus (OR=1.516, 95%CI: 1.089-2.111, P = 0.014), genus Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group(OR =1.542, 95%CI: 1.085-2.192, P =0.016), amily Porphyromonadaceae (OR = 1.549, 95%CI: 1.068-2.246 P = 0.021), while phylum Cyanobacteria (OR = 10272, 95%CI: 1.020-1.586, P = 0.033) had the opposite effect. No abnormal SNPS were found in a sensitivity analysis.
Conclusion: We have found some causal relationships between gut microbiota and Sjogren's syndrome. However, further randomized controlled trials are needed.