bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumor microenvironment evaluation to predict anti–PD-1 response of advanced gastric cancer: Results from a multicenter prospective clinical trial.
Authors: Liao Wangjun , Shi Min , Zeng Dongqiang , Luo Huiyan , Xiao Jian , Ye Feng , Xiong Hailin , Yuan Xia , Huang Yisheng , Li Yongqiang , Huang Na , Wu Jianhua , Li Shaowei , Zheng Siting , Wu Jiani , Sun Li , Rong Xiaoxiang , Wang Chunlin , Guo Jian , Deng Qiong
Published: February 2023

415

Background: Clinical trials support the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) plus chemotherapy in a subset of patients with metastatic gastric cancer (mGC). With the aim of identifying determinants of response, we developed a TMEscore assay (PCR assay with 30 genes) to assess tumor microenvironment, which was previously proved to be a robust predictive biomarker for patients treated with ICBs. Methods: Advanced GC patients treated with ICB combined with chemotherapy as first-line regimen were included in this multi-center prospective clinical trial (NCT#04850716). 65 tumor specimens obtained from 8 medical centers before treatment were applied to estimate TMEscore, PD-L1(CPS) and mismatch repair deficiency (MMR). Of 65 patients, 43 patients with treatment response and 34 patients with progression-free survival (PFS) were used to compare the predictiveness of biomarkers. Results: Theoverall response rate (ORR) and median PFS of this cohort were 39.9% and 4.67 months.Enhanced ORR was observed in TMEscore-high mGC patients (ORR = 61%), but only 16.7% in the low group. Regressive tumors (partial response, PR) had markedly higher TMEscore than stable and progressive tumors (stable disease, SD; progressive disease, PD, P = 0.001). By applying ROC curve analysis, the TMEscore was found to be an encouraging predictive biomarker that surpassed MMR and CPS statistically (AUC = 0.863, 0.525, and 0.519, respectively; Delong test, P = 0.003). Importantly, the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that a high TMEscore was significantly related to a more favorable PFS ( P = 0.0026, HR=0.18, 95%CI 0.06-0.55). Compared to TMEscoreA (immune score), TMEscoreB (stromal score) presented a dramatically higher hazard ratio for PFS (HR = 12.25, P = 0.0001), implicating stromal activation as a critical mechanism of intrinsic resistance to ICB plus chemotherapy. Meanwhile, PD-L1 (CPS) was not statistically associated with PFS, whether 1 or 5 were used as a cutoff to divide patients ( P = 1 and 0.22). Conclusions: This prospective clinical study indicated that the TMEscore assay is a robust biomarker for screening mGC patients who may derive survival benefit from ICB plus chemotherapy. Our data also suggest that TMEscore may be a more accurate predictive biomarker than MSI and CPS (PD-L1) for mGC patients, which warrants additional investigations in larger cohorts. Clinical trial information: NCT#04850716 .
Primary Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Stage II Seminoma: Is Surgery the New Path Forward?
Authors: Tachibana Isamu , Alabd Andre , Tong Yan , Piroozi Alex , Mahmoud Mohammad , Kern Sean Q. , Masterson Timothy A. , Adra Nabil , Foster Richard S. , Hanna Nasser H. , Einhorn Lawrence H. , Cary Clint
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE

On the basis of National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, clinical stage (CS) II seminoma is treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) demonstrated recent success as first-line therapy for RP-only disease. Our aim was to confirm surgical efficacy and evaluate recurrences after primary RPLND for CS IIA/IIB seminoma to determine if various clinical factors could predict recurrences.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Patients who underwent primary RPLND for seminoma from 2014 to 2021 were identified. All patients had at least 6 months of follow-up. Nineteen patients were part of a clinical trial. Patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy were excluded from Kaplan-Meier recurrence-free survival (RFS) analysis.

RESULTS

We identified 67 patients who underwent RPLND for RP-only seminoma. One patient had pN0 disease. Median follow-up time after RPLND was 22.4 months (interquartile range, 12.3-36.1 months) and 11 patients were found to have a recurrence. The 2-year RFS for RPLND-only patients without adjuvant chemotherapy was 80.2%. Patients who developed RP disease for a period > 12 months had the lowest chance of recurrence, with a 2-year RFS of 92.2%. Seven initial CS II patients were on surveillance for 3-12 months before surgery and no patients experienced recurrence. Pathologic nodal stage and high-risk factors such as tumor size > 4 cm or rete testis invasion of the orchiectomy specimen did not affect recurrence.

CONCLUSION

CS II seminoma can be treated with surgery to avoid rigors of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Patients with delayed development of CS II disease (> 12 months) had the best surgical results. Patients may present with borderline CS II disease, and careful surveillance may avoid overtreatment. Further study on patient selection and extent of dissection remains uncertain and warrants further investigation.
Deep Brain Stimulation for Advanced Parkinson Disease in Developing Countries: A Cost-Effectiveness Study From China
Authors: Guo Xinxia , Feng Chen , Pu Jiali , Jiang Hongjie , Zhu Zhoule , Zheng Zhe , Zhang Jianmin , Chen Gao , Zhu Junming , Wu Hemmings
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The cost-effectiveness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) is more favorable than best medical treatment (BMT) for advanced Parkinson disease (PD) in developed countries. However, it remains unclear in developing countries, where the cost of DBS may not be reimbursed by health care system.

OBJECTIVE:

To model and evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of DBS for advanced PD in China from a patient payer perspective.

METHODS:

We developed a Markov model representing the clinical progress of PD to predict the disease progression and related medical costs in a 15-year time horizon. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and net benefit were used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of DBS vs BMT.

RESULTS:

DBS treatment led to discounted total costs of ¥370 768 ($56 515.20) (95% CI, ¥369 621.53-371 914.88), compared with ¥48 808 ($7439.68) (95% CI, ¥48 502.63-49 114.21) for BMT, with an additional 1.51 quality-adjusted life years gained, resulting in an ICER of ¥213 544 ($32 549.96)/quality-adjusted life years (95% CI, ¥208 177.35-218 910.10). Sensitivity analysis showed that DBS-related cost has the most substantial impact on ICER. Nation-wide net benefit of BMT and DBS were ¥33 819 ($5154.94) (95% CI, ¥30 211.24-37 426) and ¥30 361 ($4627.85) (95% CI, ¥25 587.03-39 433.66), respectively. Patient demographic analysis showed that more favorable DBS cost-effectiveness was associated with younger age and less severe disease stage.

CONCLUSION:

DBS is cost-effective for patients with advanced PD over a 15-year time horizon in China. However, compared with developed countries, DBS remains a substantial economic burden for patients when no reimbursement is provided. Our findings may help inform cost-effectiveness–based decision making for clinical care of PD in developing countries.
On-Call Junior Neurosurgery Residents Spend 9 hours of Their On-Call Shift Actively Using the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Patel Arati , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Zheng Jeff , Rosner Benjamin I. , Thombley Robert , Sorour Omar , Theodosopoulos Philip V. , Aghi Manish K. , Berger Mitchel S. , Chang Edward F. , Chou Dean , Manley Geoffrey T. , DiGiorgio Anthony M.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The electronic health record (EHR) is central to clinical workflow, yet few studies to date have explored EHR usage patterns among neurosurgery trainees.

OBJECTIVE:

To describe the amount of EHR time spent by postgraduate year (PGY)-2 and PGY-3 neurosurgery residents during on-call days and the distribution of EHR activities in which they engage.

METHODS:

This cohort study used the EHR audit logs, time-stamped records of user activities, to review EHR usage of PGY-2 and PGY-3 neurosurgery residents scheduled for 1 or more on-call days across 2 calendar years at the University of California San Francisco. We focused on the PGY-2 and PGY-3, which, in our training program, represent the primary participants in the in-house on-call pool.

RESULTS:

Over 723 call days, 12 different residents took at least one on-call shift. The median (IQR) number of minutes that residents spent per on-call shift actively using the EHR was 536.8 (203.5), while interacting with an average (SD) of 68.1 (14.7) patient charts. There was no significant difference between Active EHR Time between residents as PGY-2 and PGY-3 on paired t-tests. Residents spent the most time on the following EHR activities: patient reports, notes, order management, patient list, and chart review.

CONCLUSION:

Residents spent, on average, 9 hours of their on-call shift actively using the EHR, and there was no improved efficiency as residents gained experience. We noted several areas of administrative EHR burden, which could be reduced.
The Relevance of Biologically Effective Dose for Hearing Preservation After Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Vestibular Schwannomas: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Tuleasca Constantin , Toma-Dasu Iuliana , Duroux Sebastien , Starnoni Daniele , George Mercy , Maire Raphael , Daniel Roy Thomas , Patin David , Schiappacasse Luis , Dasu Alexandru , Faouzi Mohamed , Levivier Marc
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Stereotactic radiosurgery has become a common treatment approach for small-to-medium size vestibular schwannomas.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate relationship between time (beam-on and treatment) and risk of hearing decline after stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas in patients with Gardner–Robertson (GR) baseline classes I and II.

METHODS:

This retrospective longitudinal single-center study included 213 patients with GR I and II treated between June 2010 and December 2019. Risk of passing from GR classes I and II (coded 0) to other classes III, IV, and V (coded 1) and the increase in pure tone average (continuous outcome) were evaluated using a mixed-effect regression model. Biologically effective dose (BED) was further assessed for an alpha/beta ratio of 2.47 (Gy2.47).

RESULTS:

Binary outcome analysis revealed sex, dose rate, integral dose, time [beam-on time odds ratio 1.03,P= .03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06; treatment time (P= .02) and BED (P= .001) as relevant. Fitted multivariable model included the sex, dose rate, and BED. Pure tone average analysis revealed age, integral dose received by tumor, isocenter number, time (beam-on time odds ratio 0.20,P= .001, 95% CI 0.083-0.33) and BED (P= .005) as relevant.

CONCLUSION:

Our analysis showed that risk of hearing decline was associated with male sex, higher radiation dose rate (cutoff 2.5 Gy/minute), higher integral dose received by the tumor, higher beam-on time ≥20 minutes, and lower BED. A BED between 55 and 61 was considered as optimal for hearing preservation.
HER2 expression defines unique requirements for flotillin and c-Src in EGFR signaling
Authors: Abousawan John , Orofiamma Laura A. , Fairn Gregory D. , Antonescu Costin N.
Published: February 2023

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) controls many cellular functions. Upon binding its ligand, the receptor undergoes dimerization, phosphorylation and activation of signals including the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)–Akt pathway. Although some studies have indicated that EGFR signaling may be controlled by signal enrichment within various membrane rafts, such as flotillin nanodomains, others have found a limited effect of disruption of these nanodomains on EGFR signaling, suggesting that specific factors may define context-specific control of EGFR signaling. Ligand-bound EGFR can homodimerize or instead undergo heterodimerization with the related receptor HER2 (also known as ERBB2) when the latter is expressed. We examined how EGFR signaling in the presence of HER2 distinctly requires flotillin nanodomains. Induction of HER2 expression altered EGFR signaling duration, which is consistent with EGFR–HER2 heterodimer formation. EGFR and c-Src (also known as SRC) localized within plasma membrane structures demarked by flotillin-1 more prominently in HER2-expressing cells. Consistently, HER2-expressing cells, but not cells lacking HER2, were dependent on flotillin-1 and c-Src for EGFR signaling leading to Akt activation and cell proliferation. Hence, HER2 expression establishes a requirement for flotillin membrane rafts and c-Src in EGFR signaling.
Re-organization of nucleolar architecture in myogenic differentiation
Authors: Miyake Tetsuaki , McDermott John C.
Published: February 2023

Myogenesis, the process of muscle differentiation, requires an extensive remodeling of the cellular transcriptome and proteome. Whereas the transcriptional program underpinning myogenesis is well characterized, the required adaptation in protein synthesis is incompletely understood. Enhanced protein synthesis necessitates ribosome biogenesis at the nucleolus. Nucleolar size and activity are inextricably linked with altered gene expression. Here, we report changes in nucleolar morphology and function during myogenic differentiation. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed alterations in nucleolar morphology that were dependent on the cellular state – proliferative or quiescent myogenic progenitors (myoblasts or reserve cells) contained multiple small nucleoli with a characteristic spherical shape, whereas multinucleated myotubes typically contained one large, often irregularly shaped nucleolus. These morphological alterations are consistent with changes to nucleolar phase separation properties. Re-organization of the nucleolar structure was correlated with enhanced rRNA production and protein translation. Inhibition of mTOR signaling with rapamycin perturbed nucleolar re-organization. Conversely, hyperactivated mTOR enhanced alterations in nucleolar morphology. These findings support the idea that there is an mTOR dependent re-organization of nucleolar structure during myogenesis, enhancing our understanding of myogenesis and possibly facilitating new approaches to therapeutic interventions in muscle pathologies.
Structure and function of distal and subdistal appendages of the mother centriole
Authors: Ma Dandan , Wang Fulin , Teng Junlin , Huang Ning , Chen Jianguo
Published: February 2023

Centrosomes are composed of centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material. The two centrioles in G1 phase are distinguished by the localization of their appendages in the distal and subdistal regions; the centriole possessing both types of appendage is older and referred to as the mother centriole, whereas the other centriole lacking appendages is the daughter centriole. Both distal and subdistal appendages in vertebrate cells consist of multiple proteins assembled in a hierarchical manner. Distal appendages function mainly in the initial process of ciliogenesis, and subdistal appendages are involved in microtubule anchoring, mitotic spindle regulation and maintenance of ciliary signaling. Mutations in genes encoding components of both appendage types are implicated in ciliopathies and developmental defects. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in knowledge regarding the composition and assembly of centriolar appendages, as well as their roles in development and disease.
Implementation of automated personalised breast radiotherapy planning techniques with scripting in Raystation
Authors: Gleeson Ian , Bolger Niall , Chun Harmony , Hutchinson Katie , Klodowska Magdalena , Mehrer Jennifer , Toomey Marian
Published: February 2023

Objective:

Implement scripted automatic breast planning (AP) for breast techniques within Raystation.

Methods:

Manual plans (MPs) were re-planned and compared with AP plans for whole breast (WB), partial breast (PB), hybrid volumetric modulated arc therapy simultaneous integrated boost (VMAT SIB) and VMAT nodal plans.

Results:

WB AP plans took 7 min comparing well to MP. One WB AP failed a mandatory dose constraint. Small statistically significant differences showed improved coverage for AP at expense of slightly hotter plans, however absolute differences were small (mean differences < 1% or D 0.5cc<0.2 Gy). PB AP plans took 9 min, showing improved coverage (V 24.7Gy97.6 vs 96.4 %). One PB AP case failed a mandatory constraint. Other dosimetric differences were non-significant. SIB AP plans took 14 min with one case failing a mandatory constraint with minor differences compared with MP except larger V 42.8Gy (3 vs 1.5 %) and more MU. VMAT AP plans took 12 min and were hotter for PTVp_4000 but had higher nodal coverage. Contra_Lung V 2.5Gy was higher (8.8 %) than MP plans (6.5 %).

Conclusion:

Automatic planning of modern breast techniques has been successfully introduced using a commercial planning system. AP plans are very similar to MP, requiring little manual interaction for most cases with significant timesaving potential.

Advances in knowledge:

Scripted breast plans produced within minutes for WB, PB, SIB and VMAT. Successfully introduced into large busy department. Plans similar to manual plans, requiring little manual interaction.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as a potential target for molecular imaging and treatment in bone and soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Kleiburg Fleur , Heijmen Linda , Gelderblom Hans , Kielbasa Szymon M , Bovée Judith VMG , De Geus-Oei Lioe-Fee
Published: February 2023

Bone and soft tissue sarcomas are a group of rare malignant tumours with major histological and anatomical varieties. In a metastatic setting, sarcomas have a poor prognosis due to limited response rates to chemotherapy. Radioligand therapy targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) may offer a new perspective. PSMA is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein which is present in all prostatic tissue and overexpressed in prostate cancer. Despite the name, PSMA is not prostate-specific. PSMA expression is also found in a multitude of non-prostatic diseases including a subgroup of sarcomas, mostly in its neovascular endothelial cells. On PET/CT imaging, multiple sarcomas have also shown intense PSMA-tracer accumulation. PSMA expression and PSMA-tracer uptake seem to be highest in patients with aggressive and advanced sarcomas, who are also in highest need of new therapeutic options. Although these results provide a good rationale for the future use of PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy in a selection of sarcoma patients, more research is needed to gain insight into optimal patient selection methods, PSMA-targeting antibodies and tracers, administered doses of radioligand therapy, and their efficacy and tolerability. In this review, mRNA expression of the FOLH1 gene which encodes PSMA, PSMA immunohistochemistry, PSMA-targeted imaging and PSMA-targeted therapy in sarcomas will be discussed.
Interventions to support adolescents and young adults with the healthcare transition from paediatric to adult nephrology health services: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Kinch Melissa , Kroll Thilo , Stokes Diarmuid , Somanadhan Suja
Published: February 2023

Background: Due to technological advancements and improved medical management of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) living with renal disease, there has been an exponential increase noted in the number of patients advancing from the paediatric to adult nephrology healthcare setting. Subsequently, more AYAs are required to undergo the process of healthcare transition from paediatric to adult healthcare services. This process is often a challenging period for young people and families and is often associated with a decline in physical and psychosocial health outcomes of AYAs with renal disorders. To ensure a successful transition, AYAs must develop the ability to manage their renal condition, including the medical and psychosocial aspects of their condition, independently. Despite significant research into the transition from paediatric to adult healthcare for this unique patient cohort, the transition period remains a challenge. The scoping review will aim to map, explore, and understand the interventions that are currently available to offer positive perceptions and experiences of transition for both AYAs living with renal disorders and their families.

Methods: A systematic literature search will be conducted of PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, ASSIA, EMBASE and Web of Science databases from the year 2000 to present. Two independent reviewers will screen the title and abstracts of peer-reviewed literature obtained and assess them against the inclusion criteria to determine their inclusion eligibility. Data will be extracted and synthesised using a template refined by the authors. The scoping review will be undertaken in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Data will undergo a formal critical appraisal using recognised appraisal tools.

Conclusions: Through mapping this knowledge, the scoping review will aim to identify interventions that are currently available and identify gaps within the literature. This evidence may support the development of transitional care interventions in the future, promote patient satisfaction, and improve patient outcome measures and experiences.
The genome sequence of the Miller, Acronicta leporina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Boyes Douglas ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective, Holland Peter W.H. ,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Acronicta leporina (the Miller; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 466 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the W and Z sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.4 kilobases in length.
POST-COVID AND ITS GASTROINTESTINAL MANIFESTATIONS
Authors: Sadretdinova Lidia D. , Gantseva Khalida Kh. , Tyurin Anton V.
Published: February 2023

This article provides a review of the literature on such a relevant topic in the epidemiological situation, on the impact of COVID-19 on the digestive organs and post-covid manifestations from the gastrointestinal tract. A review of more than 15 international literature sources and metadata is presented, reliable factors about post-COVID manifestations are given. Depending on the course and duration of COVID-19, definitions of the diagnosis are presented. It also presents the multi-system nature of Post-COVID. The main purpose of this article is to review the literature and metadata from sources to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the gastrointestinal tract and the nature of post-COVID gastrointestinal manifestations. The COVID-19 pandemic has gripped millions of people around the world, leaving a global burden. Therefore, it is important to continue studying the theoretical and clinical foundations of the disease, both in the main period of the disease, and multiple organ manifestations of COVID-19, as systemic pathophysiological consequences. The main conclusion of this article can reasonably be said about the negative impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the gastrointestinal tract in the acute period, as well as the long-term effects of the virus on the gastrointestinal tract. The digestive organs, as well as the respiratory organs, are the entrance gates of the virus.
Influence of physical activity on cognitive functions - Potential mechanisms and benefits
Authors: Dwojaczny Blanka , Bejtka Monika
Published: February 2023

Background and Study Aim. The results of many research indicate that systematic physical activity has also positive effect on functions of the central nervous system. For example, improvement of the cognitive functions level, such as memory and learning, under the influence of systematic physical training has been demonstrated. The positive effect of physical activity on the central nervous system is especially visible and widely described with regard to elderly people, who develop many adverse remodeling changes in the structure of the brain. However, particularly interesting are the studies which show that also among young people a positive effect of physical activity on cognitive processes is observed. Currently, several hypotheses are proposed, presenting potential mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical activity on the central nervous system. The first hypothesis assumes the beneficial effect of physical activity on the expression of hippocampal genes related to synaptic plasticity. The second hypothesis assumes that physical effort per se is an inducer of the secretion of the growth factors (e.g., BDNF, IGF-1), which have a trophic effect on the nervous system. In addition, the results of the latest scientific studies indicate that the positive effect of physical activity on the central nervous system may be due to the action of phospholipase (Gpld-1), released to the bloodstream from the liver under the influence of physical exercise. This work indicates that due to the influence on cognitive functions, physical activity is absolutely essential to both elderly and young people population.

Conclusions. It seems necessary to educate both young and elderly people that the proper level of physical activity is a key factor allowing to maintain both physical and mental health at an appropriate, desirable level.
Prawda osoby – trzy wymiary. Reinterpretacja klasycznej formuły prawdy
Authors: Starnawski Witold
Published: February 2023

Podjęty temat nawiązuje do teorii osoby Jana Pawła II. Głównym problemem jest relacja dwu pojęć: „osobowy wymiar prawdy” i „klasyczna formuła prawdy”. Osobowy wymiar prawdy wskazuje na podmiotowy aspekt poznania (poznanie dokonuje się w osobie) i nie jest sprzeczny z transcendencją i obiektywnością rezultatów poznania. „Zapodmiotowanie” prawdy w osobie oznacza  zobowiązanie osoby: bycie wiernym prawdzie i własnemu poznaniu. Podstawą tego „zaangażowania” jest bezinteresowność poznania. Prawda osoby przejawia się w trzech wymiarach: (1) poznawczym – intelekt potwierdza prawdę rzeczywistości; (2) wewnętrznym – osoba upodmiotawia prawdę, przyjmuje ją za „swoją”; (3) moralnym – prawda staje się racją czynu i czynnikiem doskonalenia osoby. Potwierdzanie prawdy postawą i czynami jest najbardziej swoistym, unikalnym aktem osoby. Bycie sobą oznacza stałe przekraczanie i doskonalenie siebie. Pełna miara prawdy osoby tkwi w Stwórcy, Źródle jej istnienia i darów wyznaczających sens i cel osobowego życia. Ten, kto żyje prawdą i jest gotów jej służyć, staje się jej świadkiem.
Truth and Eschatology in Paul Ricoeur’s Philosophy: Key Points for a Renewal of Education
Authors: Olaechea Catter Jorge
Published: February 2023

The objective of this article is to highlight Paul Ricoeur’s proposal on the relationship between truth and the ‘eschatological horizon.’ This relationship can be identified in some key works of the author. We demonstrate the implications and consequences of this approach for the understanding and implementation of education in accordance with a strong idea of the human person.
‘And Now I’m Teaching in a Catholic School’ – The Experiences of Early Career Teachers (ECT) in Lismore Catholic Schools and What Can Be Learned to Support Their Formation: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Challinor Kurt , Lancaster Joan , Rymarz Richard
Published: February 2023

This study is a preliminary investigation of early career teachers (ECT) working in Catholic schools in a large regional Australian diocese. The key aim of the study is to better understand the factors influencing early career teachers, who begin their teaching careers in Catholic schools, and to apprehend their early experiences as teachers to cater for their continuous formation needs. Key findings identify the openness of ECTs to faith-based experiences and the challenges faced in teaching in a Catholic school. Recommendations for early career teacher support and formation are provided considering the findings of this study
Putting Teams into the Gig Economy: A Field Experiment at a Ride-Sharing Platform
Authors: Ai Wei , Chen Yan , Mei Qiaozhu , Ye Jieping , Zhang Lingyu
Published: February 2023

The gig economy provides workers with the benefits of autonomy and flexibility but at the expense of work identity and coworker bonds. Among the many reasons why gig workers leave their platforms, one unexplored aspect is the lack of an organization identity. In this study, we develop a team formation and interteam contest field experiment at a ride-sharing platform. We assign drivers to teams either randomly or based on similarity in age, hometown location, or productivity. Having these teams compete for cash prizes, we find that (1) compared with those in the control condition, treated drivers work longer hours and earn 12% higher revenue during the contest; (2) the treatment effect persists two weeks postcontest, albeit with half of the effect size; and (3) drivers in hometown-similar teams are more likely to communicate with each other, whereas those in age-similar teams continue to work longer hours and earn higher revenue during the two weeks after the contest ends. Together, our results show that platform designers can leverage team identity and team contests to increase revenue and worker engagement in a gig economy.

This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: Financial support from the platform through the Michigan Institute for Data Science is gratefully acknowledged.

Supplemental Material: The e-companion are data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4624 .
EL PUEBLO GITANO CONTRA EL SISTEMA-MUNDO. Reflexiones desde una militancia feminista y anticapitalista
Authors: De Paula Sara Macêdo
Published: February 2023

FILIGRANA, Pastora. El Pueblo Gitano contra el Sistema Mundo: reflexiones desde una militancia feminista y anticapitalista. Akal, 2020.Pastori Filigrana é uma estrela no céu dos povos ciganos, onde cada um se destaca com seus brilhos singulares, e ao mesmo tempo tão similares. Ela faz parte de uma elipse territorial cigana em soma constante, representando algo, que mesmo suprimido, tem muito a anunciar. Seu lugar no mundo é a Espanha, nos famosos “guetos” ciganos, com uma ancestralidade sindicalista, conhecedora de como os salários e a renda destinada aos mais pobres são uma espécie de enclausuramento. Seus escritos, a partir dessa elipse do sistema-mundo, enuncia justamente isso, prova viva da opressão de quem nunca se dobra, a etnia cigana. Assim como outros tantos escritores ciganos (maioria não publicados), sua escrita pretende curar suas próprias feridas e a de sua comunidade. Também, tornar esse pessoal (identidade) em política (hooks, 2020). E fez isso, questionando diversos paradigmas do que é próprio dito enquanto antissistêmico ou revolucionário, pois, até aquilo que é dissidente, tem cor, etnia, racialidade e gênero. Isso, sem abrir mão da escrita acadêmica tão inerente aos payos. Ela escreve isso num contexto de pré e pandemia da COVID-19, em que as comunidades precisam estar mais juntas do que nunca.
AS ARTES DE SI: epistemologias alternativas em processos artístico aquilombados
Authors: Souza Amalia
Published: February 2023

As Artes de si: epistemologias alternativas em processos artístico aquilombados procura investigar processos artísticos tendo comunidades de palenques, quilombos, cumbes e marrons como horizontes de criação, produção, e fruição de obras criativas. Este artigo surge como um esforço para contribuir para a estrutura teórica crítica afro-referenciada para a prática artística para além de um paradigma eurocêntrico.  Obras performativas de artistas negros, referências primárias desta investigação, serão investigadas a partir de uma perspectiva quilombola, procurando abrir articulações entre poéticas, posições, trajectórias, territórios, e teorias que desobedeçam aos parâmetros críticos onto-epistemológicos (Silva, 2019) fortemente inclinados para o universo das representações raciais.  Assim, usamos a expressão Las Artes de si, tal como cunhada por Denetem (2019), para nos referirmos a estas performances, criações, e culturas materiais negras que operam a inadequação ontológica presente nas comunidades quilombolas, palenques, cumbes, e maroons, entendendo-as como referências das culturas afro-americanas.
Dealing with penetrating foreign bodies in the eyes of small animals
Authors: Frejlich Moranne , Alonso Juan Martin , Giannikaki Stamatina
Published: February 2023

Foreign body injuries are a common reason for referral in veterinary ophthalmology and frequently cause blindness in patients with ocular trauma. Prognosis depends on the extent of the injury to intraocular structures, as well as the type and size of the foreign body. Treatment options range from conservative medical management to surgical intervention to remove the foreign body, address further ocular damage and achieve the best outcome for an animal's vision. This review summarises the types of ocular foreign bodies and their presentations in small animal practice, the role of diagnostic approaches and advanced imaging, treatment and outcomes.
Dermatological diseases of small mammals
Authors: Chitty John
Published: February 2023

This article covers the investigation of skin disease in small mammals. Just as in other cases, different dermatopathies may appear very similar so intricate (and invasive) investigations may be needed to obtain a definitive diagnosis. However, financial constraints are very common in these species, meaning that full investigation is simply not possible. As such, reliance on more basic veterinary techniques, presumptive diagnoses, and trial therapies may be needed in these cases. This article looks at what may be obtained from history and clinical examination, rather than laboratory tests, to enable greater accuracy in these presumptive diagnoses, as well as better assessment of underlying factors – both of which will give better results from trial therapies.
Chemical Constituents Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of the Leaves and Flowers from Gardenia carinata Wallich
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Warinthip Nichthima , Liawruangrath Boonsom ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Natakankitkul Surapol ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Rannurags Narabhats ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Pyne Stephen G. ,   School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia, Liawruangrath Saisunee ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Center of Excellent in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: February 2023

Abstract The essential oil of the leaves was isolated by hydrodistillation and the ethanolic extract of the flowers from Gardenia carinata Wallich. were analyzed for the first time using GC and GC-MS. For the leaves essential oil: Seventeen compounds were detected and eleven compounds were identified, corresponding to 71.10% of the total chromatographical oil compounds. The major constituents were phytol (13.80%), 3-hexene-1-ol, benzoate (12.50%), vitispirane (8.00%), hexadecanal (7.90%), β-damascenone (3.90%) and (E,E)-α-farnesene (3.80%). For the flowers extract: Seventeen compounds were identified, constituting 37.5% of the total chromatographical components. The typical compounds were heneicosane (9.70%), ethyl linolenate (5.70%), squalene (5.70%), 4-allylphenol (5.40%), stigmasterol (2.10%), n-docosane (1.60%), lupenone (1.40%), hexadecanoic acid (0.90%) and compesterol (0.70%). The leaves essential oil showed antibacterial activity against both Gram positive S. aureus with the most potent activity at 18.7 µg/disc, and Gram negative E. coli with an activity of 17.6 µg/disc. The oil was not active against Gram negative P. aeruginosa. The antioxidant activity of the leave essential oil and the ethanolic flower extract were evaluated by using the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay. The leave essential oil showed medium antioxidant activity with the IC50 value of 15.24 ± 0.08 and 10.88 ± 0.05 mg/mL. The ethanolic flower extract possessed high antioxidant activity with the IC50 value of 3.68 ± 0.03 and 2.53 ± 0.03 mg/mL. Keywords: Gardenia carinata, GC-MS, Leave essential oil and ethanolic flowers extract, Antibacterial and antioxidant activities.
Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Unripe Green Banana Flour Extracts (Musa abb cv. Kluai “namwa”) in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Authors:   Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand., Boonsong Tantip , Chawnawa Wanida ,   Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand., Janneoy Panatda ,   Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand., Phimsen Suchada ,   Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
Published: February 2023

Abstract This study aimed to investigate anti-adipogenesis effects of unripe banana (Musa abb cv. Kluai “namwa”) flour which were extracted by organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, hexane) and distilled water in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro. Adipocytes were treated by all extracts for 7 to 12 days from the starting of adipocyte differentiation. Caffeine, anti-adipogenic bioactive compound, was used as a positive control. After treatments, intracellular lipid contents were measured by Oil Red O staining and triglyceride assay kit, respectively. The underlying mechanisms were examined by measuring changes of mRNA expression level of adipogenesis-related genes using RT-PCR technique. The results showed that the methanolic, ethanolic and hexane extracts significantly decreased (P<0.05) lipid contents in 3T3-L1 adipocytes after 7 days of incubation in a dose-dependent manner while the water extract had a significant effect after a 12-day treatment. In addition, the expression level of genes involved in adipogenesis and lipid synthesis (PPARγ, SREBP-1c, FAS) was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in all treatment groups in accordance with the lipid contents. The present study suggests that the capability of unripe banana green flour extracts on lowering lipid accumulation in adipocytes in vitro may have further implication in in vivo anti-obesity effects. Moreover, green banana flour may be a potential ingredient for beneficial health diets. Keywords: Musa abb cv. Kluai “namwa”, unripe green banana flour, 3T3-L1 adipocytes, adipogenesis
Heavy Metals and Metalloid Effects on Cytogenetics in Frogs (Sylvirana nigrovittata) around the Sepon Gold-Copper Mine, Lao PDR
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Ruksachat Nuntita , Tengjaroensakul Bundit ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Neeratanaphan Lamyai ,   Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand., Tanomtong Alongklod ,   Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand., Srikacha Nikom ,   Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon 47160, Thailand, Phommavong Thonglom ,   Faculty of Agriculture, National University of Laos, Vientiane 0604, Lao PDR, Soulivongsa Latsamy ,   Faculty of Agriculture, National University of Laos, Vientiane 0604, Lao PDR
Published: February 2023

Abstract The objectives of the present study were to determine the concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids in frogs (Sylvirana nigrovittata) and to assess chromosome aberrations (CAs) in frogs collected from the Nam Kok River near the Sepon gold-copper mine, Lao PDR, as compared with those from a reference site. The results showed that the concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, and Mn in the frog muscle samples exceeded the standard values, and the accumulation of heavy metals in the frogs from the two sampling sites was significantly different (P <0.05), particularly Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni. Chromosome assessment of S. nigrovittata from the study site revealed 13 types of CAs, and the highest total number of CAs was isochromatid gap with a percentage of 31.80%. Furthermore, the total number of CAs, cell number with CAs and percentage of CAs in the frogs from both sites were significantly different (P <0.05). The results of this study suggest that heavy metal and metalloid from the Sepon gold-copper mine area negatively affected S. nigrovittata in terms of chromosomal defects. Keywords: Aberration, Abnormality, Amphibian, Animal, Toxicant
Soybean Elicited with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Light Attenuates Stromal-Derived Factor-1 Associated with CXCR4 in High-Fat/Fructose Diet Mice
Authors:   Medical Laboratory Technology Program, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Karya Putra Bangsa, 66291, Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia, Safitri Yunita Diyah , Christina Yuyun Ika ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, Atho illah Mochammad Fitri ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, Permatasari Galuh Wening ,   Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute (IOPRI), 16128, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, Nur aini Farida Dewi ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, Agustina Didin Wahyu ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, Widyarti Sri ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, Rifai Muhaimin ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia,   Center of Biosystem Study, LPPM of Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia5 Center of Biosystem Study, LPPM of Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Published: February 2023

Abstract Soybean elicited with microorganisms transforms its phytochemical content which is rich in anti-inflammatory action. However, the potential effect of the elicited soybean extract (ESE) on the maintenance of the stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) regulatory system in the spleen, thymus, hepar, and bone marrow in high-fat/fructose diet (HFFD) mice is yet to be investigated. In our study, the spleen, thymus, hepar, and femurs were collected and isolated at the end of the experiment. The expression of SDF-1 in hepar, CD4+, CD8+, T cells, and B220+ cells was measured using flow cytometry analysis. To determine the interaction between the active compound of ESE and CXCR4, docking analysis was conducted using PyRx 0.8. The expression of splenic and thymic CD4+SDF-1+, CD8+SDF-1+, and hepatic SDF-1+ was elevated in HFFD mice but not in normal diet (ND) mice. ESE had significantly declined (P < 0.05) in CD4+SDF-1+ and CD8+SDF-1+ T-cells subsets. ESE treatment improved the development of B cells in HFFD mice. The molecular docking analysis identified glyceollin I with the strongest affinity of −8.4 kcal/mol. The results suggest that glyceollin I has a positive effect as a CXCR4 inhibitor. ESE supplementation was significant in maintaining the regulatory system of SDF-1 expressed by CD4+, CD8+, hepatocyte, and B220+ cells in HFFD associated with obesity Keywords: CXCR4, Glyceollin, High-fat, High-fructose, SDF-1, Soybean
A 30 años del “País de los vivos”. Una experiencia del uso didáctico del video en el aula
Authors: Willebald Henry , Siniscalchi Sabrina
Published: February 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una experiencia de uso didáctico del video en el aula. En el curso de Desarrollo Económico del Uruguay, de la Licenciatura en Economía (FCEA-UdelaR), se dispone la realización de seis talleres que ponen en práctica distintas herramientas didácticas y, una de ellas, consiste en trabajar con el previsionado de una película. Uno de los artículos de referencia del curso es “El país de los vivos” de Martín Rama, de 1991, el cual plantea ciertas características de la sociedad uruguaya en cuanto a hábitos y costumbres (riesgo moral), las cuales se ilustran, en clase, a través de uno de los films señeros del cine nacional: “El baño del Papa”. El taller ha cambiado en su propuesta en el transcurso de los años, alternando redacciones de informes, con discusiones en clase, trabajos en grupo y la realización de piezas audiovisuales. Los principales aprendizajes de la experiencia han sido tres. En primer lugar, la utilización en clase de films provee de condiciones más favorables para transitar desde situaciones concretas a la construcción de conceptos en lo abstracto. En segundo lugar, los medios audiovisuales se constituyen, de hecho, en un soporte relevante para que los estudiantes se conviertan en protagonistas de su propio proceso de aprendizaje. En tercer lugar, y de forma que trasciende la formación curricular, se trata de una actividad que permite aprovechar la herramienta para adentrar a los estudiantes en el conocimiento del patrimonio cultural nacional.
Anàlisi d’informes socioeducatius com a experiència d’aprenentatge professionalitzadora en el grau d’Educació Social
Authors: Mundet Bolós Anna , Fuertes-Alpiste Marc
Published: February 2023

Es presenta una activitat acadèmica en una assignatura del Grau d’Educació Social que consisteix en l’anàlisi dels informes socioeducatius (ISE) duta a terme durant el curs 2020-2021. L’objectiu principal és fomentar competències professionals de l’Educació Social en la línia marcada pel pla d’estudis actual d’oferir una formació acadèmica competencial i orientada a l'exercici professional. Aquesta activitat serveix per donar resposta a la manca d’experiències professionalitzadores relacionades amb l’exercici d’escriure i analitzar informes socioeducatius. El document s’inicia amb una revisió teòrica i conceptual actualitzada sobre el concepte i la importància de l’informe socioeducatiu i les seves implicacions a nivell professional, per després exposar la planificació de l’experiència (context, persones destinatàries, la descripció de la pròpia experiència docent en termes d’objectius, fases de desenvolupament, recursos docents i avaluació). A partir de diverses reflexions recollides de l’activitat per part de l’alumnat, aquesta es valora positivament ja que ha permès tenir una visió professional dels ISE, a partir de l’anàlisi d’aspectes lingüístics i de redacció, d’estructura i d’organització, així com també d’ètics relacionats amb el tractament de les dades personals, i de reflexió crítica teòrica sobre les implicacions del treball amb informes socials.