bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya L.) on Pest Control of Mustard Plants (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Tanor Meity N. , Sumayku Bertje R.A.
Published: July 2023

This research was conducted from May to July 2022 at the Biology Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Unima. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of papaya leaf solution and better concentration on leaf-eating caterpillar pests. The research method used 4 treatments of leaf solution percentage (0, 20, 30, 40, 50 gr extract). All treatments were made in a formulation of 100 ml of solution. The results showed that a 50% concentration of papaya leaf solution was able to control leaf-eating caterpillar pets. Keywords: papaya leaf extract, mustard greens, armyworm pests
Bacteriocin Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Ripe Tome-Tome Fruit (Flacourtia Inermis) Material
Authors: Lawalata Helen Joan , Rungkat Jovialine A. , Nangoy Wiesye Maya S. , Tengker Anita C.C. , Grees Nova G.H.
Published: July 2023

The objective of this study are to isolate lactic acid bacteria from ripe tome-tome fruit (Flacourtia inermis and bacteriocin activity in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results showed that 10 isolates of lactic acid bacteria were found and have the potential to produce bacteriocins. They were isolates TM1, TM2, TM3, TM4, TM5, TM6, TM7, TM8, TM9 and TM10 and were identified as members of the genus Lactobacillus (TM1,TM2,TM7,TM8,TM9,TM10) and members of the genus Lactococcus (TM3,TM4,TM5,TM6). The ten isolates of lactic acid bacteria were able to produce bacteriocin and were able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus but unable to inhibit the growth of E. coli. Bacteriocins from the ten LAB isolates are expected to be used as raw materials alternative preservatives in food products because of their ability to inhibit growth of food spoilage microbes, resulting in the use of chemical additives can be minimized.
Transformações espaciais na Amazônia: As cidades de Silves e Itapiranga e o novo projeto de exploração de gás natural
Authors: Castro de Jesus Ana Beatriz , Damasceno de Jesus Douglas
Published: July 2023

A Amazônia brasileira está passando por transformações territoriais e elas se fazem presentes nos municípios de Silves e de Itapiranga (AM). Essa mudança está atrelada à recente expansão das atividades de exploração e de geração de eletricidade com o uso de gás natural na Amazônia.O projeto de exploração de gás natural foi instalado no estado do Amazonas, juntamente com a construção de novas termelétricas movidas a gás natural, ambas controladas pela empresa ENEVA. Essa inserção de sistemas modernos de engenharia e da atividade econômica acarretaram transformações espaciais e diferentes impactos nos municípios de Silves e de Itapiranga. Nesse contexto, este texto versa sobre essas mudanças espaciais contemporâneas, com enfoque no projeto de exploração de gás na Bacia do Amazonas. Para abordar essa temática, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico e trabalho de campo em agosto de 2022. A partir do trabalho de campo realizado, identificou-se diversas transformações espaciais locais e a presença contínua de um fluxo de carretas transportando gás natural da planta industrial de Silves para o estado de Roraima.
Nurses' Experiences on Gender: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Turhan Ipek , Akcan Kubra , Bektas Oktay , Dolanbay Mehmet
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to reveal gender-related deficiencies by examining nurses' experiences with gender and to guide these deficiencies in further studies. The study used the transcendental model of phenomenology design from the qualitative research method. The present study prefers the criterion sampling included in the purposeful sampling The study group consisted of five female and five male nurses who worked in a state hospital and had gender experiences.  The meetings were recorded and carried out face-to-face with the consent of the participants. According to the research results, a theme named gender was determined. Under this theme, 10 categories and two subcategories were identified. The current study concluded that the gender perceptions of nurses were positive, but they exhibited a traditional approach to the roles given to women and men. They did not receive sufficient education on social gender skills. The authors suggested that gender education should be added to the Women's Health and Diseases Nursing course contents.
Polemik Kritik Wasti terhadap Dominasi Patriakhal dalam Ester 1:9-12
Authors: Yanti Maria Evvy
Published: July 2023

The Book of Esther is one of the books that have a variety of interpretations, especially in interpreting minorities who are faced with genocide amid God's silence. Some interpret the discriminatory treatment received by women as the actions of Queen Vashti, who took the bold step of refusing the king's request in the patriarchal culture. Some interpret that in a patriarchal culture, the ideal wife is obedient and respectful to her husband, but this is not the case with Vashti. Likewise, some interpret Vashti's actions as showing courage, integrity, and self-confidence. The purpose of writing this article is to discover the struggle of Vashti against Xerxes' domination in patriarchal culture. The method used is grammatical analysis from the Chiastic structure. The study results are Help only from God, the integrity of women in patriarchal communities, and women's participation to voice their rights in government life.

Abstrak

Kitab Ester merupakan salah satu kitab yang memiliki beragam interpretasi, terutama dalam menafsirkan minoritas yang dihadapkan dengan genosida di tengah kebisuan Tuhan. Ada yang menafsirkan perlakuan diskriminatif yang diterima perempuan, ulah Ratu Wasti yang berani mengambil langkah berani menolak permintaan raja dalam budaya patriarki. Ada yang menafsirkan bahwa dalam budaya patriarki, istri yang ideal adalah istri yang patuh dan menghormati suaminya, namun tidak demikian halnya dengan Wasti. Demikian juga, ada yang memaknai tindakan Wasti yang menunjukkan keberanian, integritas, dan kepercayaan diri. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menemukan perjuangan melawan dominasi Xerxes di tengah budaya patriarki. Metode Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis gramatikal dari struktur kiastis. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pertolongan dari Tuhan, integritas perempuan dalam komunitas patriarki, dan partisipasi perempuan untuk menyuarakan hak-haknya dalam kehidupan pemerintahan.
RIGIDEZ ARTERIAL E VELOCIDADE DE ONDA DE PULSO (VOP) COMO PREDITORAS DE DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Oliveira Thiago Rodrigues , Fernandes Priscila Castro Cordeiro , Oliveira Junior Silvio Divino de , Cenedesi Junior Mario Angelo , Rodrigues Jayna Epaminondas , Faria Gerusa Tomáz , Lima Moara Ludmila Rosa , Ferreira Cleria Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares respondem anualmente por uma grande causa de mortes no mundo, com isso surgem estudos acerca de métodos não invasivos como a velocidade de onda de pulso (VOP) para avaliação da rigidez arterial, fator de risco para o desenvolvimento das doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Demonstrar a importância e a aplicabilidade da rigidez arterial na prática clínica e no diagnóstico precoce de fatores que possam pré-dispor doenças cardiovasculares. Materiais e métodos: Revisão integrativa de artigos que abordaram o tema proposto. Os artigos foram pesquisados nos bancos de dados LILACS e Scielo. Resultados e discussão: Nos resultados foi possível aprimorar os conhecimentos acerca da rigidez arterial e utilização do método de avaliação dessa rigidez através do cálculo da VOP e suas relações com as doenças cardiovasculares. Considerações finais: É possível concluir que a VOP pode ser considerada um método simples, não invasivo, porém muito eficaz na avaliação da rigidez arterial e assim contribuindo para uma melhor estratificação de risco para pacientes portadores de doenças cardiovasculares ou com risco potencial de desenvolvê-las.
Ruralidad y Trabajo Social. Una aproximación desde el caso andaluz
Authors: González-Portillo Auxiliadora , Ruiz-Ballesteros Esteban
Published: July 2023

El trabajo social en zonas rurales, en contraste con su configuración en ámbitos urbanos, está condicionado por circunstancias organizativas y contextos socio-culturales particulares que reclaman una reflexión sobre su posible especificidad. En este sentido, la práctica del trabajo social en contextos rurales es un reto específico para la profesión. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los modelos organizativos y la práctica del trabajo social en un contexto rural para indagar en esa potencial particularidad y sus implicaciones para la intervención social. La investigación se centra en un estudio de caso exploratorio en Andalucía, donde hemos desarrollado una investigación cualitativa en 14 centros de servicios sociales comunitarios mediante entrevistas en profundidad a 95 profesionales del trabajo social. A través de estas entrevistas se han podido identificar algunas de las características de la organización y prácticas de los trabajadores sociales en contextos rurales. Los resultados destacan dos diferencias fundamentales con la intervención en los contextos urbanos: (1) un modelo diferente de organización del servicio, de tendencia generalista; y (2) una particular práctica profesional, basada en la proximidad personal y el cuidado. En la discusión se destaca la particularidad del trabajo social rural: los profesionales reconocen estar haciendo un trabajo social “distinto” al de los contextos urbanos, más alineado con el deber ser y hacer de la profesión. Las conclusiones apuntan la existencia de un sesgo urbanormativo en la organización y prácticas del trabajo social que invisibiliza las peculiaridades rurales y que podría condicionar su capacidad de respuesta a la crisis rural.
Beyond behavioral changes in semantic dementia: principal hurdles on the road to the clinic
Authors: Maia Maria Victória Rocha Fontenele , Freitas Victor Hugo Melo , Nóbrega Lara Oliveira da , Coimbra Lucas Olímpio , Lócio Aline Moreira , Duarte Fairane Sousa , Ribeiro Rodrigo Mariano , Mororó Victor Monteiro , Medeiros Sara Diógenes Peixoto de , Menezes Amanda Rebouças Bezerra de , Costa Rafaella Iughetti da , Albuquerque-Filho Luciano Barroso de , Lima Lara Maria Fujita Vieira , Sallem Camilla Costa , Gusmão Camilla Teixeira Pinheiro , Morais Yuri Borges , Aldir Luiz da Silva , Antoniol Tiago , Pimentel Isaac Dantas Sales , Lima Natalia Marinho Porto , Santos Júlio César Claudino dos
Published: July 2023

The neurology, psychiatry and psychology areas have played a fundamental role in the characterization of cognitive disturbances associated to dementia disorders, which has contributed to the improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Semantic dementia is a subgenre of frontotemporal dementia, consists in a syndrome of primary progressive aphasia characterized by the loss of semantic knowledge, with the preservation of other cognitive functions, such as visual memory, visuospatial capacity, and executive abilities. Thus, the relevance of this study consists in thoroughly analyzing the main alterations in which concerns the behavior of semantic dementia, aiming to know more about this rare subtype of frontotemporal dementia, so that in the future its clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment are better elucidated. A narrative literature review was executed in the Medline database (PubMed), from 2010 to 2022, about behavioral alterations in semantic dementia. The present literature review article demonstrates the current comprehension about cognitive, behavioral, and functional alterations as a semantic dementia consequence, besides providing relevant information to prioritize the therapeutic offered to patients that have such a condition. Furthermore, more studies addressing this subject are paramount since the existing studies are still not sufficient to completely elucidate the behavioral changes in semantic dementia.
Prevalence and factors associated with general anxiety symptoms severity among older adults registered with the Primary Healthcare Corporation during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Syed Raana Nishat , Ziyada Aza , Athar Hena , Khan Javaria , Shraim Mujahed
Published: July 2023

Background: Primary care-based studies examining the prevalence of anxiety symptoms severity and associated factors among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic are scarce. The study aims to determine the prevalence of general anxiety symptoms severity and associated sociodemographic and physical health characteristics, including SARS-CoV-2 infection history, among older adults in primary care in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a random sample of older adults aged 60 years and above (n = 337) from all primary health care centers (n = 28) of Qatar’s Primary Health Care Corporation. Participants were interviewed via telephone by family physicians between June and August 2020. General anxiety symptoms severity was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale (GAD-7). Descriptive statistics and ordinal regression were used to analyse the data.

Results: The mean age of participants was 65 years (ranging from 60 to 89 years), standard deviation = 4.8. About 49.0% and 32.0% of participants were females and of Qatari nationality, respectively. The prevalence of minimal, mild, moderate, and severe general anxiety symptoms was 82.5%, 13.9%, 3.0%, and 0.6%, respectively. Around 33.5%, 63.5%, and 3.0% of participants had unknown, negative, or positive SARS-CoV-2 infection histories, respectively. Females had greater odds of higher levels of anxiety symptoms severity (odds ratio (OR) 2.34; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22, 4.50; p = 0.011). As compared to participants with unknown SARS-CoV-2 infection status, those with a negative and positive SARS-CoV-2 infection history had increased odds of higher levels of general anxiety symptoms severity by 2.48 (95% CI 1.17, 5.24; p = 0.017) and 7.21 (95% CI 1.67, 31.25; p = 0.008), respectively. Age, marital status, living arrangements, nationality, and the number of medical conditions had no statistically significant associations with general anxiety symptoms severity.

Conclusions: Most older adults experience minimal to mild anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Female gender and confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection history are independent predictors of more severe anxiety symptoms among older adults.
Cognitive ergonomics in the analysis of work on offshore platforms: “Cognitive Bowtie” application
Authors: Moreira Selma Saraiva da Costa , Dos Santos Isaac José Antonio Luquetti , Morgado Cláudia do Rosário Vaz
Published: July 2023

Ergonomics is a science that deals with the organization of the working environment aiming man’s safety and health. However, ergonomics concepts in the actual scenario follow, mainly, anthropometric aspects (postures, furniture, equipment, cargo transportation) and environmental conditions (temperature and lightning, for example) and are still weak from the cognitive point of view, which covers mental processes such as perception, memory, and reasoning. These concepts are fundamental, specifically in complex working environments and, therefore, the case chosen in this study was the offshore labor. The risk of serious accidents is inherent for workers in the entire boarding season, and they live their time-off under confinement and isolation conditions, as it is not possible to go home after work or contact family and friends except with the devices available in the unit. This research intention is the adaptation of a tool, the BowTie Analysis technique (BTA), to include human factors and cognitive aspects. Thus, through a low-complexity methodology, this approach could be applied in the oil and gas platforms risk management, filling a gap that still needs to be addressed. To expand the cognitive aspects beyond the control rooms, an important activity that also have man-machine interaction and where many accidents can occur on the platforms was chosen: the cranes operation. It is expected that this example will boost the development, or adaptation, of new tools, to be implemented in oil platforms risk management, aiming for greater safety in the accomplishment of the labor activities, being no longer the worker seen as a "problem" in the complex system, since most causes of accidents are attributed to errors made by workers, errors that can and should be studied and absorbed by safety systems, which must be designed and built to predict and act before the most common human failures happen. So, the labor journey of professionals who work in offshore oil units could be more and more healthy and safe, as all life should be.
Can follicular fluid 8-oxo-2’-deoxyguanosine predict the clinical outcomes in ICSI cycle among couples with normospermia male?
Authors: Nori Wassan , Helmi Zeena Raad
Published: July 2023

Objective Oxidative stress (OS) occurs when excess free radicals damage the DNA. Moreover, 8-oxo-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a well-known biomarker for OS linked to cellular damage and gene instability. However, its role in female subfertility has not been properly assessed. We aimed to examine the level of OS represented by 8-OHdG based on the cause of subfertility and to test its correlation with reproductive hormones, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) parameters, and outcomes.Methods A cross-sectional study examined 108 subfertile couples with endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tubal factors, and unexplained infertility undergoing ICSI treatment with two different stimulation programs. We included couples whose partners had normal sperm parameters. Levels of follicular fluid (FF) 8-OHdG were correlated with the causes of subfertility and fertilization rates and compared between pregnant and non-pregnant cases.Results Based on the causes of subfertility, FF 8-OHdG was the highest among endometriosis cases, followed by PCOS cases. Furthermore, FF 8-OHdG was higher in non-pregnant (2.37±0.75 ng/mL) vs. pregnant (1.58±0.39 ng/mL), P<0.001. A two-way analysis of variance showed that only subfertility affected ICSI outcomes, whereas the stimulation program did not. FF 8-OHdG correlated positively with female age and inversely with estradiol and good-quality embryos. The receiver operating characteristic estimated 8-OHdG cutoff value of 1.8 ng/mL predicted clinical pregnancies with 86.7% sensitivity and 74.4% specificity (P<0.001).Conclusion Higher FF 8-OHdG levels negatively impacted ICSI outcomes. FF 8-OHdG discriminated between cases of clinical pregnancy with good specificity and sensitivity. Because OS can be measured and treated, this opens up a therapeutic and prognostic avenue for improving ICSI outcomes.
A heteronomia e pobreza de experiência
Authors: Carvalho Glauce , Freitas Nivaldo Alexandre de
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo discute alguns dos vários obstáculos para a formação do indivíduo, ou seja, para a formação do sujeito autônomo, capaz de pensar por si mesmo no sentido kantiano, sem a direção de outrem. Com base teórica em Kant, Theodor Adorno e Walter Benjamin, procura-se destacar as barreiras para a emancipação. A preocupação em torno da questão da autonomia se deve ao fato de que sua ausência é capaz de conduzir à barbárie, como as que o século XX deu testemunha em campos de concentração, já que o sujeito, por exemplo, é submetido a lideranças autoritárias. Pode-se dizer que o desenvolvimento cego da técnica, pensada como fim e não como meio, a pobreza de experiências formadoras e a indústria cultural como meio para manipular as massas são alguns dos elementos analisados que se configuram como obstáculos à formação do indivíduo. Busca-se, finalmente, mostrar que a ausência de sujeitos autônomos é fato que oblitera o funcionamento adequado da própria democracia.
Análise dos efeitos tóxicos da Avelóz (Euphorbia tirucalli L.)
Authors: Neodini Daniella Nunes Rollo , Gaspi Fernanda Oliveira de Gaspari
Published: July 2023

A Euphorbia tirucalli L. ou Avelóz é uma planta suculenta, do gênero Euphorbia, comumente encontrada em regiões mais quentes, e em todo o Brasil, sendo largamente empregada na medicina popular para o tratamento de diversas enfermidades, como verrugas, asma, tosse, dor de ouvido, nevralgias, reumatismo e, em alguns países, contra dor de dente. Recentemente, esta planta tem sido empregada popularmente no combate a tumores, despertando o interesse dos pesquisadores da área para que possa ser utilizada com segurança no tratamento auxiliar de cânceres. O objetivo desta revisão bibliográfica é mostrar que o Avelóz, apesar de ser uma planta, apresenta riscos ao ser consumido sem que se conheça seus efeitos no organismo. Algumas pesquisas recentes mostram que doses baixas do l tex diluído desta planta apresentou potencial antitumoral em cultura celular, pois in vitro mostrou-se capaz de alterar genes que sinalizam processos tumorigdnicos; porém, o látex, extraído de todas as partes da planta possui alta toxicidade, é extremamente cáustico e, em baixas concentrações, já foi testado em vários organismos diferentes, apresentando capacidade de alterar a morfologia e resposta inflamatória em culturas de células e em ratos, no entanto, em organismos inferiores, apresentou genotoxicidade. De acordo com o presente trabalho, verificou-se que em baixas concentrade apresentando captex diluído não provoca efeitos tóxicos em organismos superiores; em testes in vitro apresenta grande potencial de, no futuro, ser utilizado como auxiliar no tratamento de diversos cânceres, mas ressalta que seu consumo, sem conhecimento, é muito perigoso, pois ainda não estão elucidados todos os efeitos, mecanismos de ação e doses seguras de consumo.
A kannabidiol és az adenozinerg rendszer kapcsolata
Authors: Viczján Gábor , Óvári Ignác , Erdei Tamás Dániel
Published: July 2023

A kannabidiol (CBD) a legjobban tanulmányozott, nem bódító hatású fitokannabinoid, ami számos kedvező hatása miatt világszerte nagy érdeklődés tárgyát képezi. Összefoglalónk célja a CBD sokrétű hatásainak jellemzése, mivel az emberi szervezetben számos molekuláris célpontját tárták már fel, melyeken hatva igen sokféle kórállapotot képes módosítani. A CBD gyulladáscsökkentő, daganatellenes, neuroprotektív, görcsoldó, anxiolitikus, antipszichotikus, antidepresszív, antidiabetikus, elhízás elleni, valamint az adenozinerg rendszert érintő hatásokkal is rendelkezik.

A szív adenozinerg rendszere szempontjából a CBD esetében két fontos molekuláris célpontról lehet adatokat találni: az ENT1 típusú nukleozid transzporter (ENT1 vagy SLC29A1), melyet több vizsgálat is igazolt, és az A1 adenozin receptor, amelyet szintén gyanúba hoztak. Az ENT1 a szív egyik fő adenozin transzportere, melyen keresztül befolyásolni lehet a szív interszticiális adenozin szintjét, míg az A1 adenozin receptor a szívizom védelmében szerepet játszó egyik legfontosabb adenozin receptortípus.
Szájban diszpergálódó gyógyszerformák: alkalmazási és előállítási lehetőségek
Authors: Dávid Sinka , Doma Enikő , Varga Mercédesz , Bácskay Ildikó
Published: July 2023

Számos szempont figyelembevételével kijelenthető, hogy az orális gyógyszerformák számítanak a gyógyszeres terápia során preferáltnak. A különböző betegcsoportok igényeinek és korlátainak függvényében a gyógyszertechnológia többféle lehetőséget is kínál a szájon át történő bevitelre. A különböző típusú készítmények különböző előnyökkel és természetesen hátrányokkal rendelkeznek, valamint sok esetben különböző gyártási igényekkel. A szájban diszpergálódó szilárd gyógyszerkészítmények maguk is több csoportra oszthatók, és meghatározott hatóanyagcsoportok esetén jelentős biohasznosulás és beteg compliance növekedés érhető el a használatukkal. Formulációjuk során azonban több specifikus feltételnek kell megfelelniük.
EFFECT OF MEDITERRANEAN DIET ON PERIODONTAL DISEASES AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: R. Shakeel
Published: July 2023

Sample was comprised of 150 patients which were randomly allocated in two groups, one was control group and other was experimental group comprised of 75patients of diabetes mellitus each. Significant difference was found between the pre and post treatment in terms of periodontitis (pre-treatment; X2=.152, P= .697, Post treatment; X2=29.179, P<.001). Significant difference was found between the pre and post treatment in terms of gingivitis (pre-treatment; X2=.060, P = .806, Post treatment; X2=64.027, P >.001). In conclusion, periodontists and gingivitis could be controlled using Mediterranean diet among patients of diabetes

mellitus.
Respiratory Viral Infections Among Children Hospitalized in a Great Referral Hospital in Iran During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Zendehrouh Maryam , Karimi Abdollah , Azimi Leila
Published: July 2023

Background: Types of viral strains play an important role in developing respiratory infections in children, but what strains are prominent in each community and how they are distributed in both sexes and different ages is not yet fully understood in many countries, such as Iran. Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence of viral infections caused by different types of respiratory viruses in children with viral respiratory symptoms admitted to a referral children's hospital in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 87 nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from 90 children hospitalized in our children's hospital with respiratory symptoms. Multiplex real-time PCR techniques detected 17 different viruses. Results: The most common respiratory symptom was cough revealed in 82.8%, followed by respiratory distress in 13.8% and tachypnea in 6.9%. Respiratory viruses were detected in 28.7% of patients, and co-infections were observed in one case. The most frequent viral strain detected was the Coronavirus (COVID-19) in 16.1%, followed by the Influenza A virus in 5.7%. The frequency of other viruses is Metapneumovirus 3.4%, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) 2.3%, Bocavirus (1.1%), HCOV NL63 1.1%, and Parainfluenza 3.4%. The distribution of viral strains was independent of children's gender and age. Conclusions: Viruses were detected in 31% of children with respiratory symptoms, so other causative respiratory infections, except COVID-19, should be considered in children with respiratory symptoms even during the COVID-19 pandemic.
El teixit residencial en la formació de la metròpolis moderna : el cas de Barcelona (1840-1936). Vol. 1, Les operacions de creació d'habitatge dins Ciutat Vella (1840-1880)
Authors: Hereu Payet Pedro , Oliveras Samitier Jordi , Paricio Casademunt Antoni , Rodríguez Pedret Carmen , Rosselló i Nicolau Maribel
Published: July 2023

La present publicació recull una part dels treballs realitzats a partir dels projectes de recerca La arquitectura de la vivienda en Barcelona. HUM 2007-64221 y La arquitectura de la vivienda en Barcelona: entre la autarquía y el desarrollismo, 1939-1976. HAR 2010-19160. Els treballs que ara donem a conèixer són els que corresponen als estudis referents al període comprès entre 1840 i 1936. Paral·lelament, amb la publicació de la monografia Les Vivendes del Congrés Eucarístic de Barcelona hem començat a donar a conèixer la part dels treballs actualment en curs i centrats en el període posterior a la Guerra Civil.
Some characteristics of the development of choreographic art in Romania and the Republic of Moldova: the values and educational framework
Authors: Apostol Snejana
Published: July 2023

The given article presents an analytical approach to the evolution of choreographic art in Romania and the Re-public of Moldova. Emphasis is placed on analyzing the evolution of classical stage dance as well as folk dance. It should be noted that the development of choreographic art in Romania was strongly influenced by European choreography. The 19th and 20th centuries were the most significant for the development of Romanian ballet. The most famous classical ballets were staged: Zâna păpușilor, Lacul lebedelor, Priculiciul etc. The fame of Romanian ballet was brought by: Anton Romanowski, Floria Capsali, Oleg Danovski. In the Republic of Moldova, ballet - developed under the influence of European and Russian choreography, having an important base - folk dance. Namely, folk dance created premises for the establishment of popular stage dance, represented, first of all, by the academic ensemble ,,Joc” – the first professional folk dance ensemble, led for several years by people’s artist V.Curbet.
Harmonizing the couple’s relationships by improving the perceptions of the partners and the relationship
Authors: Dolinschi Cristina , Platon Carolina
Published: July 2023

In the current social conditions, the married couple becomes extremely vulnerable and its evolution is often disrupted. In order to ensure an optimal functionality of the marital dyad, the need to identify intervention strategies and develop programs designed to help couples overcome the obstacles they face in daily interactions, shifting the focus towards awareness and focusing on the positive aspects of the marital dyad, is required. In this article, the methods of psychological intervention for harmonizing couple relationships are presented, based on the positivization of the perceptions of the spouses and the relationship. A sample of a session from the proposed program is also presented. The results of the program show the positive impact of the strategies applied to improve dyadic interactions, thus confirming the effectiveness of the psychological intervention program used.
Obesidade na Infância e Interações Familiares: Uma Trama Complexa
Authors: Tassara Valéria
Published: July 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo aprofundar a compreensão das interações interpessoais das crianças obesas nos contextos familiar e social. Foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa de pesquisa, adotando-se uma fundamentação teóricometodológica apoiada na teoria sistêmica. Utilizou-se os seguintes instrumentos: entrevistas de aprofundamento; técnica do genograma e desenhos da imagem corporal. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram crianças e seus familiares (pai, mãe e irmãos), atendidos pelo serviço de Nutrologia Pediátrica do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Nos resultados evidenciou-se relevantes indicadores: os segredos familiares das histórias de origem das figuras parentais; a relação emaranhada mãe/filhos que indicou certo distanciamento dos pais na relação com as crianças; os fenômenos transgeracionais em seus aspectos biológicos e simbólicos da obesidade em três gerações dos grupos familiares estudados; os mitos e as lealdades familiares, os quais apresentaram-se como um suporte da identidade pessoal e familiar no ser gordo. Esses sinalizadores foram fundamentais para a compreensão das dificuldades do processo de diferenciação dessas crianças, ou seja, a possibilidade de o emagrecimento ser vivenciado como uma ameaça aos processos identitários do grupo familiar. Conclui-se que este estudo mostrou a importância de contextualizar a obesidade na infância, desfocando a criança da autorresponsabilidade pelo problema e ampliando para o contexto sociofamiliar. A prática desta pesquisa indicou outras possibilidades de intervenção, ressaltando a atuação interdisciplinar como postura profissional relevante no contexto do tratamento da obesidade na infância.
Editorial
Authors: Rossato Mara Lúcia
Published: July 2023

Vivemos tempos sombrios.

Em meio à tanta violência, intolerância e falta de empatia, é necessário que nos questionemos:

– Onde está nossa humanidade? – Onde está a capacidade de nos sentirmos tocados pelos dramas e sofrimentos dos outros?
Levantamento da produção acadêmica sobre as redes sociais online no âmbito de periódicos brasileiros de ciência da informação entre os anos de 2010 e 2020
Authors: Silva Regina Aparecida Prisco Paiva Garcia , Pereira André Luiz Ogando , Pereira Frederico Cesar Mafra
Published: July 2023

Objetivos: apresentar o resultado do levantamento da produção acadêmica acerca das redes sociais online (RSO) no âmbito de periódicos nacionais da área de Ciência da Informação (CI), entre os anos de 2010 de 2020. Metodologias: foram pesquisados periódicos da área da CI indexados pela Base de Dados Referenciais de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação (Brapci), utilizando-se um termo de busca e levantando quantitativamente o total de artigos recuperados e qualitativamente se eles tinham a temática relacionada às RSO. Resultados: alguns apontamentos levam em conta puramente os dados coletados, enquanto outros são deduções feitas a partir de inferências e para as quais seriam necessárias novas pesquisas, sendo relevante: o universo pesquisado; o termo de pesquisa: inicialmente; e a flutuação observada e causas da variação. Conclusões: ao final da investigação, constatou-se que a pesquisa acerca das RSO, nos periódicos selecionados, aumentou 442,86%, entre 2010 e 2020.
Dieta de la gineta común Genetta genetta (Linnaeus, 1758) en los hábitats riparios de Navarra
Authors: Palazón Santiago , Rafart Elena
Published: July 2023

We have studied food habits of Spotted Genet in Navarra, northern Spain, between 1992 and 1996. A total of 1,620 scat samples were analysed and the total number of prey items identified was 4,411. Diet was especially represented by small mammals (36%, mainly Wood Mouse), birds (18%), terrestrial invertebrates (17%) and fruits (21%). Reptiles, amphibians, fish and aquatic invertebrates were a minor component of the diet. Regarding to estimated biomass consumed, genet diet was composed of 45% small mammals, 30% birds, 12% fish, 8% reptiles and amphibians and 5% fruits, while invertebrates were just a residual component. Seasonal differences in diet were observed; birds and terrestrial invertebrates were more consumed in spring/summer and fruits in autumn/winter.
The Man Who Saw Tomorrow
Authors: Hoddeson Lillian , Garrett Peter
Published: July 2023

This is the first full-length biography of the prolific inventor Stanford R. Ovshinsky (1922-2012). Ovshinsky’s discoveries led to the creation of many important information and energy technologies, from phase-change electronic memories and rewritable CDs and DVDs to nickel metal hydride batteries, thin-film solar panels, and flat panel displays. In the process, his work helped open a new scientific research area centered on amorphous and disordered materials. A brilliant, self-educated pioneer of materials science, Ovshinsky began his career as a machinist and toolmaker before becoming an independent inventor and later the charismatic director of his own substantial research and development laboratory, Energy Conversion Devices (ECD). Guided by the social democratic values of his youth, he worked for nearly half a century with his partner and second wife Iris, eventually with hundreds of collaborators, to address important social problems like climate change. At the same time, their progressive values shaped the culture of the ECD community as a model egalitarian organization. Ovshinsky’s important contributions include his alternative energy technologies, with which he aimed to reduce and eventually eliminate dependence on fossil fuels. Increasingly important are the semiconductor devices based on his discovery of the Ovshinsky switching effect, which are becoming the basis of new information technologies.
Re-Reasoning Ethics
Authors: Hoffmaster Barry , Hooker Cliff
Published: July 2023

The ethics in this book is unique. It is not about philosophy’s moral theories and principles and their logical application. That standard conception of ethics is too simple, too spare, too abstract, and ultimately too impersonal. Real moral problems are complex, contextual, and dynamic. They need to be framed, examined, and settled, and these constructions, analyses, and resolutions need to be rational. The normativity of this novel conception of ethics is embedded in judgment, which is ubiquitous in our lives, and good judgment emanates from rational processes of deliberation, that is, the ones that have been well designed. This book is about non-formal reason, a conception of rationality that subsumes formal reason, both logic -- deducing what ought to be done from moral principles -- and calculating optimal net benefits among options, but it is a more expansive, more creative conception of rationality. Re-reasoning ethics is about designing rational processes of deliberation that produce rational judgments in ethics and bioethics, as well as other domains such as science and our lives. In ethics it marks problem solving as deliberative design for human flourishing. This conception of ethics is unusual because it is grounded in the empirical realities of human beings and their worlds, and its naturalism takes rationality to be an empirical learnable, improvable deliberative skill. Given this orientation, the examples offered are real and drawn from anthropology and sociology. The ethics of this book is about the best that finite, fallible human beings can do and should do.
Protein compactness and interaction valency define the architecture of a biomolecular condensate across scales
Authors: Polyansky Anton A , Gallego Laura D , Efremov Roman G , Köhler Alwin , Zagrovic Bojan
Published: July 2023

Non-membrane-bound biomolecular condensates have been proposed to represent an important mode of subcellular organization in diverse biological settings. However, the fundamental principles governing the spatial organization and dynamics of condensates at the atomistic level remain unclear. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Lge1 protein is required for histone H2B ubiquitination and its N-terminal intrinsically disordered fragment (Lge11-80) undergoes robust phase separation. This study connects single- and multi-chain all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of Lge11-80 with the in vitro behavior of Lge11-80 condensates. Analysis of modeled protein-protein interactions elucidates the key determinants of Lge11-80 condensate formation and links configurational entropy, valency, and compactness of proteins inside the condensates. A newly derived analytical formalism, related to colloid fractal cluster formation, describes condensate architecture across length scales as a function of protein valency and compactness. In particular, the formalism provides an atomistically resolved model of Lge11-80 condensates on the scale of hundreds of nanometers starting from individual protein conformers captured in simulations. The simulation-derived fractal dimensions of condensates of Lge11-80 and its mutants agree with their in vitro morphologies. The presented framework enables a multiscale description of biomolecular condensates and embeds their study in a wider context of colloid self-organization.
Modeling resource allocation strategies for insecticide-treated bed nets to achieve malaria eradication
Authors: Schmit Nora , Topazian Hillary M , Pianella Matteo , Charles Giovanni D , Winskill Peter , White Michael T , Hauck Katharina , Ghani Azra C
Published: July 2023

Large reductions in the global malaria burden have been achieved, but plateauing funding poses a challenge for progressing towards the ultimate goal of malaria eradication. Using previously published mathematical models of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax transmission incorporating insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) as an illustrative intervention, we sought to identify the global funding allocation that maximized impact under defined objectives and across a range of global funding budgets. The optimal strategy for case reduction mirrored an allocation framework that prioritizes funding for high-transmission settings, resulting in total case reductions of 76% and 66% at intermediate budget levels, respectively. Allocation strategies that had the greatest impact on case reductions were associated with lesser near-term impacts on the global population at risk. The optimal funding distribution prioritized high ITN coverage in high-transmission settings endemic for P. falciparum only, while maintaining lower levels in low-transmission settings. However, at high budgets, 62% of funding was targeted to low-transmission settings co-endemic for P. falciparum and P. vivax. These results support current global strategies to prioritize funding to high-burden P. falciparum-endemic settings in sub-Saharan Africa to minimize clinical malaria burden and progress towards elimination, but highlight a trade-off with ‘shrinking the map’ through a focus on near-elimination settings and addressing the burden of P. vivax.
Epistasis between mutator alleles contributes to germline mutation spectrum variability in laboratory mice
Authors: Sasani Thomas A , Quinlan Aaron R , Harris Kelley
Published: July 2023

Maintaining germline genome integrity is essential and enormously complex. Although many proteins are involved in DNA replication, proofreading, and repair, mutator alleles have largely eluded detection in mammals. DNA replication and repair proteins often recognize sequence motifs or excise lesions at specific nucleotides. Thus, we might expect that the spectrum of de novo mutations – the frequencies of C>T, A>G, etc. – will differ between genomes that harbor either a mutator or wild-type allele. Previously, we used quantitative trait locus mapping to discover candidate mutator alleles in the DNA repair gene Mutyh that increased the C>A germline mutation rate in a family of inbred mice known as the BXDs (Sasani et al., 2022, Ashbrook et al., 2021). In this study we developed a new method to detect alleles associated with mutation spectrum variation and applied it to mutation data from the BXDs. We discovered an additional C>A mutator locus on chromosome 6 that overlaps Ogg1, a DNA glycosylase involved in the same base-excision repair network as Mutyh (David et al., 2007). Its effect depends on the presence of a mutator allele near Mutyh, and BXDs with mutator alleles at both loci have greater numbers of C>A mutations than those with mutator alleles at either locus alone. Our new methods for analyzing mutation spectra reveal evidence of epistasis between germline mutator alleles and may be applicable to mutation data from humans and other model organisms.
Comportamento de Custos em Cooperativas do Ramo de Agronegócio com Ênfase nos Sticky Costs
Authors: Cavichioli Denize , Borgert Altair
Published: July 2023

O estudo teve por objetivo analisar o comportamento dos custos em cooperativas de agronegócio, com ênfase nos sticky costs. Para a consecução do objetivo, foram coletadas observações referentes a custos e receita líquida de vendas da Demonstração de Sobras e Perdas de sete cooperativas do oeste paranaense no período de 2014 a 2020, o que totalizou 49 observações. No que se refere às classificações, tratou-se de uma pesquisa documental, explicativa, quantitativa e longitudinal. Para tratamento dos dados, foi empregada estatística descritiva e regressão na qual a variável dependente foi o custo. Como resultados, obteve-se que os custos das cooperativas do oeste paranaense aumentam em 0,7602% diante do incremento de 1% sobre as receitas líquidas de vendas, o que confirma a assimetria dos custos proposta por outros autores, tais como Anderson, Banker e Janakiraman (2003).
Health Care Issues in the Early Stages of the Presidential 2024 Election
Authors: Levitt Larry
Published: July 2023

This JAMA Forum discusses the viewpoints of the presidential candidates on the topics of Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act, abortion, and other health care issues.
Traumatic Life Events and Association With Depression, Anxiety, and Somatization Symptoms in Female Refugees
Authors: Moran James Kenneth , Jesuthasan Jenny , Schalinski Inga , Kurmeyer Christine , Oertelt-Prigione Sabine , Abels Ingar , Stangier Ulrich , Starck Annabelle , Gutermann Jana , Zier Ulrike , Wollny Anja , Richter Kneginja , Krüger Antje , Schouler-Ocak Meryam
Published: July 2023

Importance

Different types of traumatic life events have varying impacts on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and somatization. For women from areas of the world experiencing war and humanitarian crises, who have experienced cumulative trauma exposure during war and forced migration, it is not known whether cumulative trauma or particular events have the greatest impact on symptoms.

Objective

To examine which traumatic life events are associated with depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms, compared with the cumulative amount, in a sample of female refugees.

Design, Setting, and Participants

For this cross-sectional study, data were collected in 2016 as a part of The Study on Female Refugees. The current analysis was conducted in 2022 to 2023. This multicenter study covered 5 provinces in Germany. Participants were recruited at reception centers for refugees. Women volunteered to participate and to be interviewed after information seminars at the different centers.

Exposure

Traumatic life events experienced by refugees from areas of the world experiencing war and humanitarian crises.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Demographic variables (age, country of origin, religion, education, relationship status, and children), traumatic and adverse life events, and self-reported depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms were measured. Random forest regressions simultaneously examined the importance of these variables on symptom scores. Follow-up exploratory mediation models tested potential associative pathways between the identified variables of importance.

Results

For the final sample of 620 refugee women (mean [SD] age, 32.34 [10.35] years), family violence was most associated with depression (mean [SD] variable of importance [VIM], 2.93 [0.09]), anxiety (mean [SD] VIM, 4.15 [0.11]), and somatization (mean [SD] VIM, 3.99 [0.15]), even though it was less common than other traumatic experiences, including war, accidents, hunger, or lack of housing. Other factors, such as childhood sexual abuse, injury, near-death experiences, and lack of access to health care, were also important. Follow-up analyses showed partial mediation effects between these factors in their association with symptoms, supporting the unique importance of family violence in understanding mental health.

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this cross-sectional study of refugee women who experienced multiple severe traumas related to war in their home countries and danger encountered during their migration suggest that family violence was key to their current mental health problems. Culturally sensitive assessment and treatment need to place special emphasis on these family dynamics.
Biohybrid Microalgae Robots: Design, Fabrication, Materials, and Applications
Authors: Zhang Fangyu , Li Zhengxing , Chen Chuanrui , Luan Hao , Fang Ronnie H. , Zhang Liangfang , Wang Joseph
Published: July 2023

The integration of microorganisms and engineered artificial components has shown considerable promise for creating biohybrid microrobots. The unique features of microalgae make them attractive candidates as natural actuation materials for the design of biohybrid microrobotic systems. In this review, microalgae‐based biohybrid microrobots are introduced for diverse biomedical and environmental applications. The distinct propulsion and phototaxis behaviors of green microalgae, as well as important properties from other photosynthetic microalga systems (blue‐green algae and diatom) that are crucial to constructing powerful biohybrid microrobots, will be described first. Then the focus is on chemical and physical routes for functionalizing the algae surface with diverse reactive materials toward the fabrication of advanced biohybrid microalgae robots. Finally, representative applications of such algae‐driven microrobots are presented, including drug delivery, imaging, and water decontamination, highlighting the distinct advantages of these active biohybrid robots, along with future prospects and challenges.