bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amamentação como um direito humano: construção de material educativo pela voz das mulheres
Authors: Lutterbach Flavia Gama Corrêa , Serra Giane Moliari Amaral , Souza Thais Salema Nogueira de
Published: May 2023

A amamentação é reconhecida como prática determinante na promoção da saúde da mulher e da criança. Protegê-la é atuar em favor da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever o processo de criação de material educativo para promoção da amamentação no ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, mediante a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 13 mulheres atendidas em hospital maternidade da rede pública do município do Rio de Janeiro, seguido do desenvolvimento e da avaliação do material educativo. Este estudo foi elaborado com base em princípios da educação alimentar e nutricional por meio de narrativas das mulheres e compreensão da amamentação como direito humano. Concluiu-se que a participação de pessoas que amamentam na elaboração do material oportunizou o protagonismo e a representação de vivências concretas sobre essa prática.
Challenges for faculty training in nursing courses in Northern Brazil from the perspective of interprofessional education
Authors: Souza Sanay Vitorino de , Ferreira Beatriz Jansen , Rossit Rosana Aparecida Salvador
Published: May 2023

Abstract Study analyzing the challenges of training developed by teachers working in nursing courses in the Northern Region of Brazil, from the interprofessional education perspective. A descriptive, exploratory, qualitative research conducted in public universities in which twelve professors participated in a semi-structured interview. Content analysis was used, and five categories were selected: 1) Commitment to teaching and working with comprehensive care; 2) Improvement of teaching, research, and community extension from the perspective of interprofessional education; 3) Integrated action among health professionals; 4) Need for teaching development aligned to interprofessional education principles; 5) Continuing education in health as a strategy to induce interprofessional teaching and practice. Interprofessional education is a robust and complex field. Therefore, a teaching practice capable of undertaking innovative formative processes is key, inducing changes that positively impact training and work in health.
QNLP in Practice: Running Compositional Models of Meaning on a Quantum Computer
Authors: Lorenz Robin , Pearson Anna , Meichanetzidis Konstantinos , Kartsaklis Dimitri , Coecke Bob
Published: May 2023

Quantum Natural Language Processing (QNLP) deals with the design and implementation of NLP models intended to be run on quantum hardware. In this paper, we present results on the first NLP experiments conducted on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers for datasets of size greater than 100 sentences. Exploiting the formal similarity of the compositional model of meaning by Coecke, Sadrzadeh, and Clark (2010) with quantum theory, we create representations for sentences that have a natural mapping to quantum circuits. We use these representations to implement and successfully train NLP models that solve simple sentence classification tasks on quantum hardware. We conduct quantum simulations that compare the syntax-sensitive model of Coecke et al. with two baselines that use less or no syntax; specifically, we implement the quantum analogues of a “bag-of-words” model, where syntax is not taken into account at all, and of a word-sequence model, where only word order is respected. We demonstrate that all models converge smoothly both in simulations and when run on quantum hardware, and that the results are the expected ones based on the nature of the tasks and the datasets used. Another important goal of this paper is to describe in a way accessible to AI and NLP researchers the main principles, process and challenges of experiments on quantum hardware. Our aim in doing this is to take the first small steps in this unexplored research territory and pave the way for practical Quantum Natural Language Processing.
The influence of the geographical features of Kyrgyzstan on the choice of types of recreational activities (A case study: issyk-kul region)
Authors: Choduraev TM , Toktoraliev ET
Published: May 2023

Economic impact is a stimulating effect on the economic condition of various regions. The paper describes the influence of the structure of the object on the choice of recreational activities, taking into account the sensitivity of the mountain structure to anthropogenic impact. Determined the value of the initial values of the applications of sociological research, which used to calculate the natural-territorial complexes - these are water bodies located on the territory with identified orographic structures, surrounded by forests, taking into account possible options for recreation. Evaluated of the assessment and comfort of the recreational area, based on the identification of psychophysiological characteristics, such as the sensation of noise, thermal effects of the environment. The development of recreation centers associated with the demand for recreationists, which also determined by the level of development and material base. Studies on the study of the Issyk-Kul region that the geographical characteristics of the territory (relief, water bodies, climate, etc.) have not only attractiveness, but inhibitory factors for rare types of recreational activities.
Purification of influenza A virus RNA from cell supernatant to check sequences v1
Authors: not provided Marta.Gaglia
Published: May 2023

We use this protocol to isolate RNA from influenza A virus-containing cell supernatant and monitor maintenance of sequence insertions or mutations
Aureococcus anophagefferens Virus (AaV)/Kratosvirus quantuckense viral particle count by SYBR Green staining and flow cytometry (CytoFLEX S Flow Cytometer Beckman Coulter) v2
Authors: E. Chase Emily
Published: May 2023

A method for obtaining viral particle counts of Aureococcus anophagefferens virus (AaV)/Floreovirus quantuckensis on a Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX S Flow Cytometry System (CytExpert software) using SYBR gold staining. Adapted from a protocol originally produced by Dr. Samantha Coy for PBCV-1, which was derived from Brussaard 2004; and *Brussaard et al. 2010. Brussaard CP. Optimization of procedures for counting viruses by flow cytometry. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Mar;70(3):1506-13. doi: 10.1128/AEM.70.3.1506-1513.2004. PMID: 15006772; PMCID: PMC368280. Brussaard, C. P. D., J. P. Payet, C. Winter, and M. G. Weinbauer. 2010. Chapter 11: Quantification of aquatic viruses by flow cytometry. Manual of Aquatic Viral Ecology. Waco, TX:American Society of Limnology and Oceanography. doi:10.4319/mave.2010.978-0-9845591-0-7 *includes a published protocols.io: dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.dpj5km *Virus name updated 29-APR-2023.
Relações clínicas da síndrome pós-COVID-19 com a síndrome pós-cuidados intensivos: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Costa Jéssika Wanessa Soares , Melo Bianca Calheiros Cardoso de , Araújo Naryllenne Maciel de , Mourão Vanessa Gomes , Dantas Daniele Vieira , Medeiros Soraya Maria de
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: mapear as relações clínicas da Síndrome Pós-COVID-19 com a Síndrome Pós-Cuidados Intensivos. Método: trata-se de uma revisão de escopo, direcionada pelas recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs e do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews para organização do estudo. Resultados: após seleção final de 14 estudos, as principais relações clínicas da Síndrome Pós-COVID-19 foram distribuídas diante das alterações da Síndrome Pós-cuidados Intensivos, sendo as principais: dispneia, fadiga, disfagia, dor, depressão, fraqueza, insônia e estresse. Conclusão: foi possível explanar as principais relações clinicas, tornando viável o esclarecimento das condições que o portador das síndromes possa apresentar. Sendo relevante a continuidade de pesquisas nesta área, principalmente na Enfermagem.
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF KYIVSTAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION NETWORK IN WESTERN UKRAINE
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Ukraine, PUHACH Serhii , LAZHNIK Volodymyr ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Ukraine, KANDYBA Yurii ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine
Published: May 2023

The mobile network (also called cellular network) is an important part of the general communication network of society, which provides interaction both between individuals and entire human communities. Mobile phones do our live easier and more convenient but the general public has only the most general ideas about the functioning of mobile communication networks. There are three most important things for mobile phone users in today's world: coverage, speed and affordability. In our article we will focus on the first component - mobile network coverage. The aim of the study is to determine the spatial features of the Kyivstar mobile network in Western Ukraine, and the main task is to analyze, based on open data, the coverage of the Kyivstar mobile network in the territorial units of Western Ukraine. The source base of the research is the data of the Kyivstar mobile communications operator. The analysis of mobile communication networks in our study was carried out on the following indicators: the area of the territory that covered by the network (mobile network area); the share of the territory that covered by the network (network coverage share). Kyivstar is the largest mobile operator in Western Ukraine both by the number of subscribers and by the area of 4G network. The Kyivstar 3G network covers only areas with a high population concentration. The Kyivstar 4G network coverage is spread over 69.9% of Western Ukraine and is absent only in the Ukrainian Carpathians and in the forest areas in the north-west of the study area. The highest rates of Kyivstar 4G network distribution are typical for the biggest cities. The northern part of Western Ukraine has the highest Kyivstar mobile coverage, and the Ukrainian Carpathians the lowest.
SOCIO-GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF THE POPULATION OF CHERNIHIV IN RELATION TO THE TRANSFORMATIONAL CHANGES OF THE URBAN SPACE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, ZAPOTOTSKYI Sergii , HOLUB Yulia ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2023

Sustainable development has become a new worldview concept for all countries of the world, which are making the transition to finding an optimal balance between economic, environmental and social components. It is focused on people, improvement of socio-economic and ecological environment. The participation of citizens and in particular every person in ensuring sustainable development is an integral part of life on the planet, as the intellectual level, ecological behavior of the population and knowledge of the main problems help to solve them. In this study, we present the results of a survey of the population of one of the largest cities in the north of Ukraine. Chernihiv is an administrative, industrial and cultural center, an important transport hub. As part of the sociological study and comparison of environmental behavior of the population, a survey was conducted among the residents of Chernihiv in 2018 and 2021. It is established that more and more people are interested in the ecology of the city and are gradually introducing ecoattributive practices into their everyday life. The main measures used by the citizens of the city to preserve the environment are energy saving, use of public and bicycle transport, economical consumption of natural resources. Residents of Chernihiv and the authorities understand the need to build a waste processing plant. Garbage sorting is supported by the majority of the population, but there is a certain lack of awareness among people, as well as a lack of proper equipment. The article identified environmental problems that Chernihiv residents consider to be the most serious. They include the organization of waste management, air pollution, drinking water quality. The second stage of the research showed that more people are ready to take concrete actions to improve the state of the city and the environment in order to live in a comfortable space. An important role in solving problems depends on environmental education and environmental education of citizens.
Ependymoma of the Filum Terminale, Technical Operative Note
Authors: Diaz Simon , Cossu Giulia , Obrenovic Mihailo , Barges-Coll Juan
Published: May 2023

Background: Spinal cord tumors represent 2-4% of all CNS tumors. Ependymomas are the most frequent lesions of the spinal cord1. Gross total resection remains the gold standard2. Method: We describe the mini-invasive surgical technique using a fixed tubular retractor performed for the resection of an ependymoma of the filum terminale, along with its advantages and limits. Conclusion: This mini-invasive technique has shown to be safe and effective for the resection of filum terminale ependymoma, with a good impact on postoperative pain and less risks of CSF leak, which is probably secondary to a limited dead space.
Galectin-3 Expression Promotes Pulmonary Hypertension Through Multiple Mechanisms
Authors: Barman Scott , Haigh Stephen , Fulton David
Published: May 2023

Pulmonary Hypertension is a progressive vascular disease resulting from the tapering of pulmonary arteries causing high pulmonary arterial blood pressure and ultimately right ventricular failure. A defining characteristic of Pulmonary Hypertension is the excessive remodeling of pulmonary arteries that includes increased proliferation, vascular fibrosis and inflammation. There is no outward cure for Pulmonary Hypertension nor are there interventions that effectively impede or reverse pulmonary arterial remodeling, and pulmonary vascular research over the past several decades has sought to identify novel molecular mechanisms to target for therapeutic benefit. Galectin-3 is a carbohydrate binding lectin that is unique for its chimeric structure, comprised of an N-terminal oligomerization domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate-recognition domain. Galectin-3 is a regulator of modifications in cell behavior that contribute to aberrant pulmonary arterial remodeling including cell proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis, but its role in Pulmonary Hypertension is poorly understood. In this review, we define Galectin-3 and summarize specific topics regarding the role of Galectin-3 expression in the development of Pulmonary Hypertension by providing evidence which supports the ability of Galectin-3 to influence reactive oxygen species production, NADPH enzyme expression, vascular inflammation and vascular fibrosis, all phenomena which contribute to pulmonary arterial remodeling and the development of Pulmonary Hypertension.
Resiliency in Firefighters: Using Photovoice to Identify Protective Factors
Authors: Stout Rebecca , Shafer Karen
Published: May 2023

Due to high levels of occupational hazards, firefighters are prone to psychological maladaptation, ranging from PTSD to burnout. However, it is not well understood why some firefighters persist in their careers while others choose to leave. In this qualitative study, photovoice as a form of digital storytelling was used to understand the factors of resiliency that may contribute to career persistence. Firefighters (n = 7) in a large, suburban fire department in Colorado contributed photographs and discussed the importance of their chosen photographs through individual, in-depth interviews. Using the theoretical lens of the resiliency portfolio model consisting of self-regulation, interpersonal relationships, and meaning making, analysis revealed subthemes that demonstrated firefighters’ capacity for resiliency. Within self-regulation, three subthemes emerged: adrenaline activities, alcohol, and positive coping. Within interpersonal relationships, two subthemes emerged: work-family and mentoring. Within meaning making, three subthemes became apparent: helping others, legacy, and fatalism. Recommendations for fire departments to enhance the dimensions of resilience are made based on the emergent themes with an emphasis on positive coping skills and mentoring.
Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 by Carbon Monoxide: Relevance to Drug Resistance in Human Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Kawahara Brian , Mascharak Pradip
Published: May 2023

Drug resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics is a great impediment to cancer therapy. A major part of this problem arises from rapid metabolism of the drugs by cytochrome P450 class of enzymes before they reach their targets or at the target itself. Inhibition of such enzymatic deactivation of the drugs could offer partial rescue and make chemotherapy more effective. Site specific delivery of exogenous carbon monoxide has been shown to inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes and resurrect sensitivity to chemotherapeutics already available in the market. Successful design for application of such CO delivery will thus be extremely desirable to patients particularly in poor countries where the antibody-based or nanodrug therapies, discovered recently, are too expensive for the general population. The potential of such carbon monoxide-induced cytochrome P450 inhibition to improve drug sensitization to conventional chemotherapeutics in breast cancer therapy has been discussed in this account.
Evaluation of the safety of dose escalation period of subcutaneous specific allergic immunotherapy in patients with rhino-conjunctivitis or allergic asthma previously vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Galvis Jonnathan , Villanueva Sara , Mollinedo María , Vázquez Mario , Rodríguez Mónica , Vera Emilio , Álvarez-Leire Genoveva , Lifona Leticia , Bacaicoa María , Paez Alfonso , Rodilla Esther , Daga Óliver , Quintero Olinda , Capilla Marta , Lorenzo Isadora , Soler- López Begoña , Cancelliere Nataly
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: More than 90% of the Spanish population has been vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in our setting. The administration of this vaccine is not contraindicated in allergic subjects; however, it is unknown whether any precaution should be taken when initiating subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy after this vaccination. The objective of the study was to analyze the safety of subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy during the dose escalation phase in subjects sensitized to pollens or mites previously vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: An observational study with retrospective data collection from protocolled patients' medical records was designed. Outpatients older than 12 years with diagnosis of pollen or house dust mite allergic rhinitis with or without bronchial allergic asthma were selected who had completed the subcutaneous immunotherapy dose escalation phase. A complete SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was required for the inclusion. RESULTS: Three hundred and seventy-nine patients were included by 53 investigators. The mean age was 31 years old and 55,9% female. Time from last SARS-Cov-2 vaccination dose to subcutaneous immunotherapy initiation was 4.1 months (95%CI 3.8-4.4). subcutaneous immunotherapy with a pollen allergoid was administered to 135 patients (35.6%) with a total of 739 injections, while subcutaneous immunotherapy using a house dust mite allergoid was administered to 244 patients (64.4%) with a total of 1311 doses. During the dose escalation phase with the pollen allergoid, 45 patients (33.3%) suffered 93 local adverse reactions (12.6% of injections), while 17 patients (12.6%) experienced 17 systemic allergic reactions (2.3% of injections) of them 14 were World Allergy Organization Grade 1 and 3 of Grade 2. During the dose escalation phase with the house dust mite allergoid, 55 patients (22.5%) reported 133 local adverse reactions (10.1% of injections), and 7 patients (2.9%) showed 7 World Allergy Organization Grade 1 systemic reactions (0.5% of injections). No systemic reactions Grade 3 or higher were reported. CONCLUSIONS: The well-known safety profile of the subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy using pollen or house dust mite allergoids has not been changed after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administration. No relevant differences in the incidence of local or systemic allergic reactions during the dose escalation phase were identified, so it is considered that the patient’s safety has not been compromised to initiate this treatment after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administration.
Pulmonary Embolism in Critically Ill COVID-19 And Non-COVID-19 Patients: Systematic Analysis of Risk Factors, Diagnostic and Management Strategies, and Prognosis.
Authors: Charra Boubaker , ouhrich Yassine
Published: May 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease of 2019 or COVID-19 is characterised by two main features: the first is the respiratory compromise which corresponds to acute respiratory distress syndrome while the second corresponds to the state of hypercoagulability responsible for thromboembolic complications particularly pulmonary embolism which is the subject of this work. Indeed, a high prevalence of pulmonary embolism has been reported throughout the pandemic period with a significant morbidity and mortality. This reflects the severity of this life-threatening emergency chiefly in the elderly, hemodynamically unstable patients, and patients with severe underlying conditions, mainly cardio-pulmonary comorbidities. The aim of our study is to point out the incidence, the risk factors, the clinical and paraclinical features, the management strategies, and the overall prognosis of pulmonary embolism in critically ill COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. Patients and methods: It is a retrospective observational study carried out over a two-year-period from January 2019 (non-COVID-19) to December 2020 (COVID-19). Over the study period, 42 cases of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pulmonary embolism were collected from an overall set of 611 patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit of the IBN ROCHD university hospital of Casablanca. Results: The mean age in the COVID-19 group was 64-year-old versus 46-year-old in the non-COVID-19 group. The sex ratio was 1.2 and 0.94 in the non-COVID-19 and COVID-19 group, respectively. Clinical symptomatology was dominated by respiratory failure and chest pain in non-COVID-19 patients while in the COVID-19 group, semiology was dominated by dyspnea, cough, and chest pain. The major sign of severity in both groups was tachypnea. The chest X-ray was performed in all our patients, it displayed radiological abnormalities in all patients mainly hyper clarity in pulmonary fields. D-dimers were performed in all patients within the two study groups. A chest computed tomography angiogram was performed for all patients and showed unilateral pulmonary embolism in 61% of cases in the non-COVID-19 group versus 61.3% in the COVID-19 group. Cardiac ultrasound was performed for all patients. It showed dilatation of right cavities in both groups (81.8% in non-COVID-19 versus 93.5% in COVID-19 patients). Venous ultrasound of the lower limbs was performed in 96.8% of COVID-19 patients and in 72.7% of non-COVID-19 patients. With regards to management, all COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients received anticoagulation therapy based on standard heparin and anti-vitamin K. Mortality accounted for 54.5% in non-COVID-19 patients versus 74.2% in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: COVID-19 pulmonary embolism is often associated with significantly higher morbidity and mortality as compared with non-COVID-19 pulmonary embolism.
Speciation and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida isolated from blood and body fluids
Authors: Kaur Kiranjeet , Aijaz Nusrat
Published: May 2023

infections are increasing now a day due to various factors.

The present study was carried out to study the speciation and antifungal susceptibility pattern of isolated from blood and body fluids.

Blood and body fluids received in the mycology laboratory of Microbiology Department, AIMSR, over a period of six months were included. After microscopy, culture was done. The spp. were diagnosed on the basis of colony characteristics, Gram staining and Germ tube testing and identification by Automated Vitek 2 system. Antifungal susceptibility testing was done by using YST08 cards.

A total of 735 samples received, 53 showed Candida spp. Maximum spp. isolated from blood 23 (43.39%), followed by pleural fluid 14 (26.4%). were 24(45.3%) followed by 11(20.75%), 9(16.98%) 7(13.20%). spp. were sensitive to Amphotericin B and resistant to Fluconazole.
Association of demographic variables in COVID-19 infected patients with their recovery status: A pilot study in Dhaka city
Authors: Karmaker Mousumi , Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Dey Sima Rani , Nur Jesmin , Rana Shohel , Rahman Fatema Binte , Bhowmik Joy
Published: May 2023

Identifying the relationship between demographical factors with COVID-19 infection could demonstrate some prevention strategies of “possible super-spreaders”.

To evaluate the correlation between recovery and demographic characteristics of COVID-19-infected patients

A descriptive type of study to demonstrate the 200 COVID-19 infections with various demographical variables by using a questionnaire. The survey consisted of 64-close ended queries, including a short summary of the study background, purpose, procedures, privacy contract, and knowledgeable consent form.

For statistical analysis Independent T-test or ANOVA test and SPSS version 25 (IBM, USA) and STATA 15 were used.

The male-female ratio of COVID-19 infected patients is 115:100. 50% of patients have never attended social gatherings before getting COVID-19 infection. Social events were visited by 44% of the participants. 47.24% need hospitalization during the positive period, whereas 52.76% recovered at home. Respondents older than 40 years required oxygen support for recovery (p< 0.05). The most common symptoms were loss of smell and taste (53%), headache (48%) body pain (38%), and, fever (33%) in the first-time infection however, these symptoms decreased by Second- and third-time re-infection. Similarly, 20% of patients need oxygen support the first time of infection; it decreased by 10% the second time and 4% the third time. There is a statistically significant difference in the mean recovery time between the people from different professions (p< 0.05).

The recovery time of COVID-19 infections is associated with age, profession, and the number of COVID-19 infection times.
Primary health care strengthening in India: Imperative to providing inclusive health care
Authors: Jana Soumen , Chakraborty Deborati
Published: May 2023

The primary contributors to poor health are inequality and poverty. Access to adequate health care on an affordable and fair basis in many sections of the country remains an unfulfilled desire. Health care disparity is seen as a compromise. "Right to Life" To promote inclusion in health care, it is vital to define "essential health care," which should be made available to all residents. The best use of public resources and more public investment on healthcare are recommended solutions. It is suggested that strengthening capacity through training, particularly training paramedical staff, is a crucial component of cost reduction, particularly in tertiary care. Another component which is deemed highly significant is improvement in delivery system of health care. The improvement of preventive care and decrease in tertiary care costs will result from expanding the role of "family physicians" in the health care delivery system. These findings support the importance of primary healthcare and its function in providing inclusive healthcare. More access to necessary treatments, higher care quality, an emphasis on prevention, early management of health issues, and overall health gains and decreased morbidity as a consequence of primary health care delivery are all benefits of the primary health care paradigm for the delivery of health services.
High resolution computed tomography guided anatomico-pathological scoring system for stratifying and prognosticating pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
Authors: Dalal Dhaval , Govindwar Ankush , Gangwani Gaurav , Panchal Medha , Gawali Vijaykumar
Published: May 2023

Computed Tomography (CT) chest plays a critical role in early identification & stratification of disease burden and prognostication of COVID-19 disease. We compared in-house created CT based scoring system based on ground glass opacities (G-Score), consolidation (C- Score), and atelectasis A-score (i.e. GCA score) with contemporary CT severity scores & validated it against world health organization (WHO) COVID-19 disease severity scale.

Patients confirmed with real time polymerase chain reaction confirmed COVID-19 infections that underwent CT chest investigations as a part of standard of care were recruited. A compound GCA score based on the lung involvement was developed and validated.

Five-hundred patients of which 249 had mild, 220 with moderate, and 31 with severe COVID-19 disease were recruited.

Most involved segments were superior (65%), lateral basal (56%) and posterior basal segments (64%) of right lower lobe and anteromedial (62%) and posterior basal segments (57%) of left lower lobe.

Patchy non-confluent peripheral ground-glass opacities with apicobasal gradient is the most common finding (47%) in mild cases. Bilateral lower lobes were most commonly involved (72%).

In moderate cases ground-glass opacities with consolidation is the predominant finding (82%).

In severe cases ground-glass opacity, consolidation as well as linear platelike atelectasis and reticular opacities may represent with apicobasal gradient (80%).

HRCT Chest has certainly come up as a versatile aid for our war against COVID -19. Firstly it helps to diagnose the pulmonary involvement of the disease and when complimented with a good scoring system furthermore it stratifies the disease burden.
The Relationship between Macronutrient Intake and Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Gholami Mahboobe , Ziaei Saeideh , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , Movahedinejad Maryam
Published: May 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. It is linked to genetic and environmental factors such as nutrition. Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the major pathological changes in PCOS. This study aimed to determine the relationship between IR and macronutrient intake in PCOS subgroups.
Methods: This case-control study was performed on 151 women with PCOS and were divided into four groups according to the Rotterdam diagnostic criteria: A=41, B=33, C=40, and D=37, and 31 women were also in the control group and did not have this syndrome. All macronutrients were assessed with a 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).
Results: There was a significant relationship between HOMA-IR and some dietary components  (Increased calorie in group A, increased total fat intake in group C, lower intake of unsaturated fats (PUFA and MUFA) in group D and higher intake of saturated fat (SFA) and protein intake in the control group). There was no correlation in subgroup B (ovulatory phenotype).
Conclusion: Due to the significant relationship between IR and some dietary components in PCOS subtypes, it is recommended to maintain a balance in carbohydrate and fatty acids intake, and increase dietary fiber to improve health parameters in PCOS subjects.
Physical Properties, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan Edible Films Containing Essential oils
Authors: Abd-Alhadi Rafan , Abou-Ghorrah Sayah , Al Oklah Bassam
Published: May 2023

Background: Herbs and spices, having antimicrobial effect, can be incorporated into edible films to extend product shelf life and to reduce the risk of microbial growth on food. Chitosan edible films have shown great promise for their application in food preservation and also are promising systems to be used as essential oils (EOs) carriers. This study aims to investigate the effect of EOs incorporation on the physical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of chitosan films.
Methods: Chitosan active films incorporated with cinnamon, clove, laurel, basil, and lemongrass EOs were investigated for physical parameters of color, thickness, opacity, moisture content, and water solubility in order to study the impact of the incorporation of EOs into the chitosan matrix. The antioxidant property of films was determined based on the method of DPPH to analyze and evaluate the quality of tested films. Furthermore, antibacterial activity was carried by agar diffusion method on food spoilage bacteria of Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E.coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and klebsiella pneumonia.
Results: In general, all chitosan EOs films presented yellowish coloration, slight thicknesses, good transparency in visible light, and high wettability. Compared to other tested films, chitosan film incorporated with clove EO had the highest total phenolic content of 0.303 mg/g Gallic acid equivalent with the highest antioxidant capacity of 89.93% value. All the films exhibited antibacterial activity against the studied food spoilage bacteria except of the chitosan films incorporated with Basil and Lemongrass EOs showed no inhibitory activity against E.coli. A significant antimicrobial bacterial inhibition zone of (20 mm) was assigned for clove chitosan film against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus, Lemongrass chitosan film against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and klebsiella pneumonia, and Basil chitosan films against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Conclusion: Chitosan active films incorporated with the studied EOs assigned an effective antioxidant and antimicrobial activity to be used for active food packaging.
The Effect of L-carnitine Supplementation on Liver Function, Folate and Vitamin B12 Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Clinical Trial
Authors: Talenezhad Nasir , Akhlaghi Milad , Raeisi‐Dehkordi Hamidreza , Zarei Sadegh , Mozaffari-Khosravi Hassan
Published: May 2023

Background: Carnitine is necessary for allowing the long-chain fatty acids to pass the inner mitochondrial membrane to induce β -oxidation. Lack of carnitine and abnormalities of mitochondria play an important role in forming fatty deposition in the liver, and hence, developing steatohepatitis. Carnitine and acylcarnitine identified in human erythrocytes and intra-erythrocyte acetylcarnitine have a significant relationship with the plasma levels.
Methods: The present study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of L-carnitine on liver function, folate and vitamin B12 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, 70 patients with T2DM were randomly assigned to either a L-carnitine (CG) and a placebo group (PG). For 12 weeks, the first group received 1000 mg/d oral L-carnitine, whereas the second group received 1000 mg/day wheat starch as placebo. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), folate, Vitamin B12, complete blood count (CBC) including blood cells and indicators related to anemia were assessed at baseline.
Results: 64 patients managed to complete the study (32 in each group). The results indicated that consumption of L-carnitine compared with placebo had no significant effect on liver enzymes, folate, vitamin B12, and CBC with differential.
Conclusions:  Daily intake of 1000 mg L-carnitine for 12 weeks had no effect on liver function and anemia indicators including CBC, folate, and vitamins B12.
Vitamin D Supplementation in Adults with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohammadi Hamed , Parastouei Karim , Rostami Hosein , Miraghajani Maryam , Rafiee Masoumeh , Ghavami Abed , Lazaridi Anastasia-Viktoria
Published: May 2023

Background: The current systematic review was conducted to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D levels, bone health, and physical performance indices in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI).
Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched for studies published up to June 2020, with no language limits. To determine the risk of bias, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality criteria checklist was used.
Results: Eight studies that met all of the inclusion criteria were identified. All of the eligible studies had a high level of heterogeneity regarding outcome measures, study design, and the dose of vitamin D. The majority of the trials showed beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum vitamin D levels and other outcome measures in patients with SCI. Three randomized controlled trials revealed a low risk of bias, whilst other studies were rated as the  either neutral or negative risk of bias.
Conclusion: This review suggests that vitamin D supplementation could improve vitamin D levels, bone health, and physical performance indices in individuals with SCI. However, due to the high level of heterogeneity, the results should be interpreted with caution. Further studies on this population should be performed to have sufficient power and a robust design to give definitive conclusions.
Ziv-aflibercept in Diabetic Macular Edema: Relation of Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness with Visual and Anatomical Outcomes
Authors: Moradian Siamak , Soheilian Masoud , Asadi Mahsan , Baghi Abdolreza , Safi Hamid , Abtahi Seyed-Hossein
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of intravitreal ziv-aflibercept injections (IVZ) on subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) as well as on central macular thickness (CMT) and on best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes in eyes with center-involved diabetic macular edema (CI-DME).
Methods: Fifty-seven eyes of 36 patients with CI-DME were included in this prospective interventional case series. Structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and enhanced depth imaging OCT were performed at baseline followed by three monthly 1.25 mg IVZ injections. Changes of SCT, CMT, and BCVA at each follow-up session were assessed. The association between baseline SCT and its monthly changes with final visual and anatomical outcomes were also assessed.
Results: CMT at baseline, and at the first, second, and third month follow-up sessions were 396 ± 119, 344 ± 115, 305 ± 89, and 296 ± 101 μm, respectively (P-value < 0.001). SCT at baseline, and at months one, two, and three were 236 ± 47, 245 ± 56, 254 ± 54, and 241 ± 54 μm, respectively (Pvalue > 0.99). Corresponding figures for BCVA were 0.58 ± 0.29, 0.47 ± 0.31, 0.4 ± 0.24, and 0.37 ± 0.23 LogMAR, respectively (P-value < 0.001). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between BCVA and CMT changes following IVZ injections (P-value < 0.001). However, there were no significant correlations between SCT changes and visual acuity (VA) and CMT changes following IVZ injections.
Conclusion: IVZ improved visual outcomes and macular thickness profiles in patients with CI-DME. However, IVZ had no significant effect on SCT. Baseline SCT and its monthly changes had no association with visual and anatomical outcomes.
Eye Care in Young Children: A Parents’ Perspective of Access and Barriers
Authors: Alsaqr Ali M
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To evaluate parental perspectives of accessing eye care for children aged under seven years.
Methods: The survey was conducted during September 2020 to March 2021 using online applications and distributed to parents whose children were between the ages of three and seven years. The survey included parents’ background, their knowledge of the provision of eyecare services, and the possible barriers that existed to access eye-care services. The relationship between parents’ knowledge, barrier scores, level of parental education, and demographic or socioeconomic status was assessed using nonparametric tests.
Results: In total, 1037 questionnaires were completed. The respondents were from 50 cities across Saudi regions. The participants’ age was 39 ± 7.5 years, and 54% of them had at least one child under the age of seven (n = 564). Further, 47% had not taken their children for vision screening at reception/year one (n = 467). In addition, 65% of them were not aware of the mandatory screening program at reception/year 1; whereas, only 20% (n = 207) knew how to access eye-care services; and only 39% of the children had undergone any kind of eye or vision test. The pathways to eye care and the cost of eye services/glasses were the main limitations. The parents’ responses were significantly influenced by their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics (Kruskal Wallis, P < 0.05).
Conclusion: There was a need for enhancing parent information on how to access eye care for young children and the currently available vision screening programs. Finally, a national protocol to cover the cost of the eye exam as well as spectacle prescription shall be proposed as a mean of incentive.
Pachychoroid Spectrum Disorders: An Updated Review
Authors: Brown Richard , Mohan Sashwanthi , Chhablani Jay
Published: May 2023

Pachychoroid disease spectrum is a recent term that has been associated with an increasing number of phenotypes. This review discusses updated findings for each of the typical pachychoroid entities (central serous chorioretinopathy, pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy, pachychoroid neovasculopathy, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome, and focal choroidal excavation), as well as two relatively new additions (peripapillary pachychoroid neovasculopathy and peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy). Here, we discuss the potential pathogenic mechanisms for these diseases and relevant imaging updates. Finally, we argue for a consistent classification scheme for these entities.
Pregled obstoječih orodij za merjenje digitalne zrelosti
Authors: Mohar Bastar Katja , Pucihar Andreja
Published: May 2023

European union prepared a multiannual plan to encourage the economy on the internal market for double (green and digital) transition. That leads to many action plans dedicated to different target groups and development areas. Among the most important areas is encouraging the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which represent most enterprises in the EU and in Slovenia. SMEs developed out of craftsmanship, which is traditionally focused on its industry and daily business operations. For many of them, digitalization and sustainability represent additional burdens. Nevertheless, we can recognize new opportunities in the double transition in EU programs. When SME measures its digital maturity before and after taking steps towards digital transformation, we can measure the effectiveness of the received support for increasing digital maturity. In the paper, we present different approaches and compare different tools for digital maturity assessment.
Lasten CMS sistem za vašo spletno stran ali standardna CMS rešitev?
Authors: Paramonov Iaroslav , Werber Borut
Published: May 2023

During the process of building a working online store, blog, or anything that is not a one-page website, everyone comes to the same question: What kind of content management system will we use? Our own CMS or ready-made CMS solution? No matter how this question seems to be simple, it is not. Modern CMS systems can perform a variety of work scenarios and cover the need for almost any task. At the same time, they are very easy to connect and have a huge number of plugins that solve even more functionalities. Own CMS system is more dependent on the skill and experience of the developer, and such a solution will not have a plugin library out of the box, which in turn makes development longer, but the application will be much more flexible and faster. Own-made CMS will cover all the demands, that could not be performed by ready-made CMS. In the article, we are looking for an answer to the question of which approach to choose and why.
Getting Started with Low-Code – A Data-Centric Primer for Oracle APEX
Authors: Schwinger Wieland , Retschitzegger Werner , Kapsammer Elisabeth , Pröll Birgit
Published: May 2023

The demand for personnel being able to develop Web apps has grown tremendously. Not least to cope with this need, a plethora of “Low-Code Platforms” (LCPs) emerged, empowering “citizen developers” to build up Web apps without programming skills while enhancing productivity by removing repetitive and boring programming tasks. The comprehensive functionality of fullfledged LCPs allowing to specify every nitty gritty detail of a Web app, however, hampers their adoption. This has sparked research projects like our EU Erasmus+-project BeeAPEX, cutting a path through the feature jungle of LCPs and lowering the entry barrier for citizen developers. Based on these findings and by focusing on Oracle APEX as representative example, this paper puts forward (i) a systematic overview of low-code features to develop the main building blocks of Web apps, (ii) shade light on nature and determining characteristics of their development process and (iii) emphasize on reuse potential exploited by LCPs
Analyse de l’Efficacité Économique des Systèmes de Culture du Riz en Bas-fonds dans la Commune de Malanville, au Nord-Benin
Authors: Abikou Jérôme Michel , Akinou Josué Yisségnon Gouw , Sero Inoussa Chabi , Yabi Jacob Afouda
Published: May 2023

Compte tenu de l’importance socioéconomique et alimentaire du riz, les producteurs ont utilisé plusieurs systèmes de culture pour mieux assurer la compétitivité de leurs exploitations. La présente étude a consisté en une analyse de l’efficacité économique des systèmes de culture du riz en bas-fonds. Un échantillon de 283 producteurs a été constitué de façon aléatoire. L’approche stochastique des frontières de production et de coût a permis d’estimer et de décomposer l’efficacité économique en ces deux composantes (efficacité technique et efficacité allocative). Les analyses ont été faites à l’aide du logiciel d’analyse STATA 14.1. Les résultats ont montré que les efficacités diffèrent d’un cycle de production à l’autre et d’un système de culture à l’autre. Le système de culture impliquant plus les pratiques d’une transition agroécologique (SCR2) a été plus efficace en production pluviale 0,39 (±0,01) et en décrue 0,41 (±0,07) alors que le système impliquant moins les pratiques d’une transition agroécologique (SCR1) a été plus efficace en production de contre saison 0,68 (±0,09) face aux autres systèmes. Le renforcement du dispositif d’accompagnement des producteurs pouvait leur permet de mieux assurer la compétitivité de leurs exploitations à travers le choix d’un système de culture plus efficace.

 

Given the socioeconomic and nutritional importance of rice, farmers have used several cropping systems to better ensure the competitiveness of their farms. This study consisted of an analysis of the economic efficiency of lowland rice cultivation systems. A sample of 283 farmers was randomly selected. The stochastic approach of production and cost frontiers made it possible to estimate and break down economic efficiency into these two components (technical efficiency and allocative efficiency). Analyzes were performed using STATA 14.1 analysis software. The results showed that the efficiencies differ from one production cycle to another and from one cropping system to another. The cropping system involving more agroecological transition practices (SCR2) was more efficient in rainfed production 0.39 (±0.01) and in flood recession 0.41 (±0.07) while the system involving less agroecological transition practices (SCR1) was more effective in off-season production 0.68 (±0.09) compared to other systems. Strengthening the support system for farmers could enable them to better ensure the competitiveness of their farms through the choice of a more efficient cropping system.