bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Analysis of the Nutritional Value of Beet Biscuits (Beta Vulgaris) and Their Consumption and Marketing Trends
Authors: Bravo B. , Miranda M.
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to examine the nutritional value of beet biscuits and the trends in their consumption and marketing. Currently, adults, adolescents and children consume this vegetable without the intervention of any industrial process. To determine the nutritional value of beet biscuits, information from existing research was sought for a detailed comparison of the beet cookie and the stuffed and festival cookies. Based on these analyses, it was concluded that beet cookies have a considerable nutritional value, which provides important health benefits to the people who consume them. Nowadays, the desire to maintain a healthy diet is a trend, due to the risk of illnesses derived from inappropriate eating habits. The biscuit industry was analyzed, showing a growing trend in the marketing of biscuits. The main competitive advantage of beets is the vitamins they offer.
Keywords: nutrition, health, consumption, marketing.
RESUMEN
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis del valor nutritivo en galletas de remolacha, la tendencia de consumo y comercialización. En la actualidad adultos, adolescentes y niños consumen esta hortaliza, en forma natural, sin la intervención de ningún proceso industrial. Para determinar su valor nutricional se buscó información de investigaciones existentes para un análisis minucioso entre la galleta de remolacha y otras galletas de similares características; esta investigación es de tipo analítica y comparativa, el análisis bibliográfico realizado con información de fuentes secundarias y la comparación nutricional entre ellas permitió definir, que las galletas de remolacha tienen una riqueza nutricional muy considerable, que aporta importantes beneficios a la salud de las personas que las consumen. Actualmente, es tendencia el deseo de mantener una alimentación saludable, mediante la elección de productos sanos, debido a las enfermedades derivadas por hábitos alimentarios inadecuados. Se analizó la industria de la galletería, presentando una predisposición creciente en la comercialización de galletas, por lo que se prioriza las vitaminas que ofrecen los vegetales en esta investigación específica con la remolacha se destaca como principal ventaja competitiva.
Palabras claves: nutrición, salud, consumo, comercialización.
Bacteriophage Growth Promoters in Poultry
Authors: Javes C. Honorio , Sánchez Y. Vallenas
Published: September 2021

In recent years, there has been an increase in bacterial resistance to antimicrobials found in both animals and humans, and in some countries, the use of antibiotics as growth promoters has been prohibited. Therefore, this article reviewed bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) as a substitute for antibiotic-type growth promoters, since they can help control the main bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella and E. coli that affect birds, improve production parameters in broilers and laying hens, and are more efficient than antibiotic-type growth promoters.
Keywords:   bacteriophages, promoter’s growth, antibiotics, poultry.
RESUMEN
En los últimos años, la resistencia bacteriana a los antimicrobianos encontrada tanto en animales como en humanos y la prohibición del uso de antibióticos como promotores de crecimiento en algunos países son las nuevas variables a tener en cuenta. Por lo tanto, este artículo revisa los bacteriófagos (virus que infectan bacterias) como sustituto de promotores de crecimiento tipo antibiótico, ya que pueden ayudar a controlar los principales patógenos bacterianos como Salmonella y E. coli que afectan a las aves, mejoran los parámetros productivos en broilers y gallinas de postura y son más eficientes que los promotores de crecimiento tipo antibiótico.
Palabras clave: bacteriófagos, promotores de crecimiento, antibióticos, avicultura.
Sustainable development in corporate strategy
Authors: Knežević Blaženka , Škrobot Petra
Published: October 2021

The aim of the chapter is to explain how to incorporate Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into corporate strategy in order to increase the competitive advantage of a company in the long-run. The questions how to set a mission, vision and objectives to prepare annual reports in the field of sustainability will be discussed. Furthermore, motives as to why companies have to consider local and global perspective when setting SD objectives and the problem of conflicts in SD goals will be determined.
Circular economy in the waste management sector
Authors: Grabowski Gabriel
Published: October 2021

The growing population and rising standards of living lead to an increase of the consumption of many goods. Reducing municipal waste which is created in that process can result in a wide range of environmental, economic, and social benefits, such as reducing pollution in water and soil, greenhouse gas emissions and loss of valuable materials. The concept to solve this problem of municipal waste due to increased consumption can be found, among others, in circular economy (CE). Circular economy can be defined as “an economic system that is based on business models which replace the ‘end-of-life’ concept with reducing, alternatively reusing, recycling and recovering materials in production/distribution and consumption processes to accomplish sustainable development” (Kirchherr, Reike, & Hekkert, 2017). A current trend in developed countries is closing the loop, moving from the concept of “end-of-pipe” waste management towards more holistic resource management (Wilson, 2007). Implementing the circular economy approach through waste management systems can pose multiple challenges while providing incentives to improve waste management infrastructure. However, this requires investments and may be perceived by many people as cost, not investment in future generations and their standard of living. The aim of this chapter is to initiate discussion on the positive aspects and barriers of circular economy development in the Polish waste management sector. In the case study described in the text, the roles of citizens, public institutions as well as enterprises are shown in selective waste collection processes as an important element of circular economy. In Poland, awareness of waste segregation and the importance of using recycled materials is not well-developed compared to many other EU countries, although this situation is beginning to gradually improve.
THE PROSPECTS OF USING CARBON NANOTUBES TO IMPART FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES TO THE SURFACE OF POLYMER MATERIALS (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Solovyanchik L.V. , Kondrashov S.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: October 2021

Presents a review of the scientific literature on various methods for producing electrically conductive polymer materials and coatings. The prospects of using carbon nanotubes (CNT) to impart high electrical properties to the surface of materials are shown. The mechanism of formation of the structured surface of polymer materials with CNT is described. It is shown that the use of CNT is a promising way to impart electrically conductive and superhydrophobic properties to the surface.
MODERN APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF EXTERNAL FACTORS ON MATERIALS AND COMPLEX TECHNICAL SYSTEMS (to the 120th anniversary of G.V. Akimov)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Nikolaev E.V. , Slavin A.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Startsev V.O. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Laptev A.B. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: October 2021

The founder of the science of protecting materials from corrosion, aging and bio-damage in Soviet Russia is Georgy Vladimirovich Akimov, who created the infrastructure for climate testing of materials and products. Currently, his students and followers have discovered new directions for the development of climatic and microbiological tests – these are studies of the preservation of the properties of materials in complex technical systems under the influence of climatic factors, mold fungi, bacteria and operational loads using the most modern methods at the sites of the created network of climate test stations, as well as using modern regulatory documentation.
DETERMINATION OF THE FAILURE MODE AND BEARING CAPACITY OF CONCRETE COLUMNS WITH MESH REINFORCEMENT
Authors: Petrova Olena , Hammoud Mohammad Tahran
Published: October 2021

Paper deals with the results of experimental test of reinforced concrete columns withmesh reinforcement. Experimental investigations of columns were performed using hydraulic presswith a maximum load level of 480 tones. On the basis of previous theoretical research three series ofexperimental samples which are represented with simply concrete columns (BS-0), concrete columnsin mesh holder (BS-P) and concrete columns in mesh holder with additional reinforcement rings (BSPS)were produced. The height of all samples is 1000mm and the diameter is 450mm. There threeschemes of experimental tests were considered: static loading using press’ plates (I), monocycle (II)and static (III) loading using additional round steel plates. The results of tests were obtained in theform of failure mode and breaking forces for three series of samples. According to the results of testsover the first scheme, it is obtained that the destruction of columns with mesh reinforcement goesmore slowly than concrete columns. The appearance of cracks started at the level of loading equalto 100 tones for BS-0 samples and 200-250 tones – for BS- and BS-PS samples. The level of breakingforces for BS-P samples and for BS-PS samples is 18-26 % and 21-28 % higher than for BS-0 samplesrespectively. After monocycle loading it is obtained that breaking forces for BS-P and BS-PS samplesare 5 % and 23 % higher than BS-0 samples. It is noted that cracking processes for all samplesstarted near the moment of total destruction, so the failure of samples was brittle and sharp.According to the third scheme of loading the difference between breaking forces for BS-0 and BS-Psamples is about 5 %, BS-0 and BS-PS is 7 %. Failure mode for third scheme is similar to secondscheme, but it is also mentioned multistage destruction of columns when after achieving the level ofbreaking force level of loading falls and increases several times. It is recommended to apply loadover whole cross section of column in real structures, because it plays a significant role in increasingof bearing capacity. The results of experimental tests were compared with results of numericalanalysis, which showed qualitative and quantitative coincidence.
LIGHTING CONCRETE PRODUCTION FEATURES AND PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION IN RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Kovtun Pavel Vladimirovich , Razvodov Konstantin Sergeevich
Published: October 2021

The prospect of light-conducting concrete in railway construction is associated with an increase in recent years in interest in creating a barrier-free environment, including at railway stations, platforms, pedestrian crossings, in pedestrian tunnels, and so on. The material makes it possible to duplicate marking elements in hazardous areas of passenger movement at night without breaking the material environment, which will facilitate care for it in the winter.

When creating innovative pedestrian crossings (equipped with interactive lanes that duplicate the traffic light for pedestrians), the use of light-conducting concrete will increase the antivandistance of the engineering arrangement. Unlike polymeric materials, the litracon material considered in the article does not change its properties under the influence of high temperatures, is not susceptible to instantaneous violation of the integrity and loss of surface properties under mechanical stresses.

The high cost of the material does not yet allow its widespread use in the construction of railway infrastructure facilities on an industrial scale, however, with an increase in the production of optical fiber (the most expensive component of light-conducting concrete) and the search for new technologies that reduce the cost of its production, a drop in prices for this type of raw material is naturally expected.

One of the areas of application of light-conducting concrete can be transport construction and landscaping of on-site territories (sidewalks, stairs, platforms) in terms of increasing their interactivity in the dark.

The article proposes a composition (No. 1) corresponding to the compressive strength and tensile strength when bending, the requirements for products used in railway construction, for which light-conductive concrete can be used. The problem of light-transmitting concrete in the maintenance of railway infrastructure in the Republic of Belarus is being raised for the first time
СОЗДАНИЕ ПОДЗЕМНЫХ ПРОТИВОФИЛЬТРАЦИОННЫХ ЭКРАНОВ С ПОМОЩЬЮ НАПРАВЛЯЮЩИХ СКВАЖИН И ШНЕКОВОГО УСТРОЙСТВА
Authors: Менейлюк Александр Иванович , Никифоров Алексей Леонидович , Менейлюк Иван Александрович , Руссый Виктор Викторович
Published: October 2021

Актуальность. Одним из путей обеспечения экологической безопасности является локализация действующих и потенциальных источников загрязнения путем устройства защитного экрана. Для этого рациональным представляется устройство подземных противофильтрационных экранов под источником загрязнения, препятствующих эмиссии радиоактивных частиц в окружающую среду, в частности, загрязнению подземных вод. Данное исследование посвящено разработке шнековой технологии устройства противофильтрационного экрана, которая заключается в устройстве направляющих скважин методом горизонтально направленного бурения с последующим устройством водонепроницаемого слоя с помощью замены грунта шнеком на специальный бетонный раствор. Цель: экспериментальное обоснование эффективности шнековой технологии устройства подземных противофильтрационных экранов для обеспечения радиационной безопасности объектов. Объект: устройство подземных противофильтрационных экранов с помощью шнековой технологии. Методы: экспериментально-статистическое моделирование, лабораторный эксперимент, корреляционно-регрессионный анализ. Результаты. Для сооружений небольшой ширины (10–20 м) допускается медленное бетонирование со скоростью 5–6 м/ч (угловая скорость 1,5 с–1 и производительность подачи состава 50 м3/ч). Для сооружений большой ширины (40–60 м) подходят составы с большим временем набора пластической прочности при концентрации фибры (9 %), бентонита (5 %) и жидкого стекла (6 %). При этом скорость бетонирования должна быть максимальной (10–11 м/ч при угловой скорости 0,5 с–1 и производительности подачи состава 30 м3/ч). Предельно большая скорость бетонирования достигается при угловой скорости 1,5 с–1 и тяговом усилии 50,96 Н. Дальнейшее увеличение угловой скорости является нецелесообразным, так как при большей скорости вращения (более 1,5 с–1) наблюдались сильные вибрации и обвалы грунта. Эти экспериментальные результаты позволили разработать технологические рекомендации по устройству противофильтрационных экранов шнековой технологией. А именно, разработать концепцию и порядок производства работ, рассчитать затраты труда и машинного времени.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ГРУНТОВ И ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ПРИРОДНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ «ХВОСТОХРАНИЛИЩЕ ЕВРАЗ КГОК»
Authors: Меньшикова Елена Александровна , Караваева Татьяна Ивановна , Хайрулина Елена Александровна , Митракова Наталья Васильевна
Published: October 2021

Актуальность. Природно-технические системы, формирующиеся в горнодобывающих районах, являются объектами повышенного экологического внимания в связи со значительным техногенным преобразованием всех компонентов природной среды. Состояние техногенного ландшафта среди прочих составляющих определяется свойствами литогенного ресурса, которым для территорий горной добычи выступают многотоннажные отходы – породы вскрыши и отходы обогащения полезных ископаемых. Целью настоящей работы является оценка почвенно-экологического потенциала техногенных грунтов природно-технической системы хвостохранилища Качканарского горно-обогатительного комбината («Хвостохранилище ЕВРАЗ КГОК») и выявление перспектив развития экосистем и потенциала их самовосстановления. В задачи исследований входило: установление признаков почвообразования и определение основных агрохимических и экологических характеристик техногенных грунтов, представленных хвостами мокрой магнитной сепарации, оценка их фитотоксичности; оценка состояния растительного покрова; выявление необходимости проведения рекультивационных работ. Объект исследования – техногенные грунты, являющиеся частью литогенной основы природно-технической системы «Хвостохранилище ЕВРАЗ КГОК». Методы. Исследование техногенных грунтов выполнялось на участках их выноса за пределы хвостохранилища. Полевые исследования включали: общее маршрутное знакомство с территорией; полевое изучение почв и техногенных грунтов, отбор образцов; изучение растительного покрова территории. Лабораторные исследования проведены в специализированных лабораториях с применением унифицированных методик. Содержание микроэлементов определяли методом ICP-MS. Результаты. Хвосты мокрой магнитной сепарации с позиций почвоведения диагностированы как техногенные поверхностные образования группы артифабрикаты, подгруппы артииндустраты. По сравнению с фоновыми почвами они характеризуются меньшим содержанием органического вещества, общего азота, менее кислой реакцией почвенного раствора, по содержанию водорастворимых ионов являются незасоленными, характеризуются допустимым уровнем загрязнения элементами 1–2 классов опасности и отсутствием острого токсического действия на исследуемые тест-системы. Активное протекание лесовосстановительных процессов на техногенных поверхностных образованиях и удовлетворительное состояние растительности демонстрируют отсутствие негативного воздействия указанных отложений на растительность. Вслед за восстановлением растительности в них появляются признаки начального почвообразования – образование лесной подстилки, накопление органического вещества и начальная дифференциация почвенных горизонтов.Почвенно-экологическое состояние исследуемой природно-технической системы признано удовлетворительным, не требующим в настоящее время проведения специальных природоохранных мероприятий по восстановлению почвенного и растительного слоя на участках техногенных поверхностных образований.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ БИНАРНОЙ ГЕОЭС (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КУМУХСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ)
Authors: Джаватов Джават Курбанович , Азизов Амир Азизович
Published: October 2021

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью расширения топливно-энергетической и минерально-сырьевой базы путем освоения возобновляемых высокопотенциальных минерализованных ресурсов месторождений термальных вод. Однако эксплуатация таких месторождений затруднена высокой степенью минерализации природных рассолов. Использование бинарных геотермальных электростанций, реализующих термодинамический цикл Ренкина для утилизации тепловой энергии, позволяет решить эту проблему и получить относительно дешевую электрическую энергию. Возникает необходимость поиска и оценки методов повышения энергоэффективности термодинамических циклов, реализуемых при разработке одного из перспективных месторождений термальных вод Дагестана – Кумухское. Положительная оценка перспектив освоения геотермальных ресурсов месторождения показывает значительный потенциал для улучшения экономической структуры региона. Цель: оценить энергоэффективность бинарной геотермальной электростанции, в основе работы которой лежит органический цикл Ренкина в докритическом и сверхкритическом циклах и в разных режимах закачки отработанного теплоносителя для Кумухского месторождения термальных вод; показать перспективность и эффективность комплексного освоения геотермальных ресурсов месторождения.Объект: геотермальные системы для электроэнергетического освоения высокопотенциальных минерализованных термальных вод месторождения. Методы исследования основаны на использовании данных геологоразведочных, гидротермальных и геохимических исследований по Кумухскому месторождению термальных вод, методов математического моделирования и оптимизации. Результаты. На примере конкретного месторождения термальных вод проведена оптимизация технологических параметров первичного контура геотермальной электростанции, оценена ее энергоэффективность в докритическом и сверхкритическом органических циклах Ренкина с низкокипящим вторичным теплоносителем. Показано, что утилизация низкопотенциальной энергии рассолов на теплонасосных установках позволяет улучшить эффективность энергетических циклов на месторождении. Проведенный анализ показывает, что создание комплексных технологий освоения высокопотенциальных минерализованных геотермальных ресурсов месторождения позволит существенно улучшить экономическую структуру региона.
Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Koch Lynn C. , Lusk Stephanie L. , Hall Andrea Hampton
Published: October 2021

Purpose

Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) is a multifaceted disorder, and the specific diagnostic criteria developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), which highlight symptoms of CPTSD (i.e., affect dysregulation, negative self-concept, disturbed relationships), that occur along with PTSD symptoms speak to this. Understanding the disorder itself and its ramifications is essential as our society is exposed to seemingly more and more traumatic and long-lasting events, all of which may lead to an increase in the number of overall cases. CPTSD is characterized by changes in three primary areas of the brain – hippocampus, amygdala, and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)– which are usually smaller in individuals with CPTSD, and there are certain subsets of individuals who have an increased likelihood of developing this disorder (e.g., individuals with physical and psychiatric disabilities, children exposed to long-term trauma).

Method

The authors conducted a scoping literature review on CPTSD, treatment approaches for individuals with CPTSD, and rehabilitation implications.

Results

Treatment for CPTSD is generally more extensive than treatment for PTSD and should be made available for those in need. There is a dearth of research on this topic in the rehabilitation literature; however, disability research has consistently shown that employment plays a huge role in successful recovery among individuals with psychiatric disabilities, which includes CPTSD.

Conclusion

In order to ensure client success, rehabilitation counselors, educators, and researchers must understand the complexities associated with CPTSD and then how to best go about incorporating this information into individual plans for employment and our classrooms as well as making research in this area a priority for the field.
Population dynamics of Russian regions and its components in 1959–2017
Authors: Rybakovsky Oleg , Tayunova Olga
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the demographic dynamics of the regions of Russia during the post-war Soviet period since 1959, and in the post-Soviet period of 1991–2017. It identifies the basic factors of demographic development of the country’s regions in these two historical periods. There is presented the grouping p of regions by the level of demographic dynamics and the ratio of two main components — reproduction and migration, are highlighted the leaders of demographic growth and problem regions. The authors show the dynamics of geopolitically significant territories of Russia, primarily in the Far East. They stress that in the post-war period, up to the collapse of the USSR, the demographic development of the majority of Russian regions was provided mainly at the expense of inner resources, i. e. due to natural population growth. The same is true for geopolitically significant outlying territories of the Far East, Siberia and the European North, where in 1970–1990 almost 7/8 of the total population growth was formed due to natural population growth and only 1/8 — due to migration from other regions of Russia, as well as from the former republics of the USSR. There is made a conclusion that to change radically the demographic situation in the Far East “de facto” only with immigration of compatriots, as is being done now, is not possible. To solve this problem, it’s necessary to use all demographic «leverage» — fertility, interregional migration, immigration of both compatriots and (selectively) representatives of the titular peoples of the former Soviet republics, as well as temporary (labor and educational) migration as a potential of permanent migration.
Salaries in general education in Russian regions
Authors: Sinitsa Arseny
Published: October 2021

One of the functions of a social state is providing decent wages for labor. This is especially topical for the most important social areas — healthcare and education. In recent years, raising teacher’s salary has become one of the most important issues, but the problem is still far from being resolved. The aim of the work is to analyze the level of teachers’ salaries in municipal schools in 2013–2017 in the RF subjects with different levels of economic development. As the main indicators there were selected nominal average monthly salary of teachers, their salary in relation to the average wage in the region, and their salary in relation to the subsistence minimum of the working age population. On the basis of cluster analysis using the Ward method, there were created cartograms for the first two indicators presenting their dynamics. The analysis shows that in the period under review, the salary of teaching staff grew at a slower pace than the average wage across the country and in the majority of the RF subjects. The level of economic development of a region has a significant impact on the salary of teachers. In financial centers, industrialized and mining regions, work remuneration of teachers grew at a higher rate than in less developed agricultural ones. As a result, the interregional differentiation of teachers’ salaries in general education has increased. This indicates that the state policy aimed at raising salaries in the general education system does not reach its goal, and it is necessary to increase the state funding of general education.
Financial strategies of Russians: risks and barriers
Authors: Alikperova Natalia
Published: October 2021

The large-scale transformations that have taken place in Russia over the past 25 years have led to the intensive development of a special type of economic behavior of the population— financial behavior. It is not only a prerequisite for the effective functioning and development of the entire financial system of Russia, but also acts as a factor in the material well-being of citizens.
Current trends in the development of the Russian financial market indicate that the decline in the well-being of the population, the reform of the pension system, the minimum level of trust in gov- ernment agencies that regulate the issues of financial behavior adversely affect the changes in the prevailing models of household financial behavior. At present, the financial behavior of Russians is characterized by certain features, first of all, lack of a tradition of running a home financial budget, low level of economic literacy and interest in financial information, and low activity concerning the use of investment and savings instruments. In this regard, a great interest and high scientific and practical significance are acquired by research related to identifying the dominant factors of savings, the motives for transforming people’s savings into investments, the attitude of citizens to financial institutions, as well as the risks and barriers that prevent citizens from transforming their own financial strategies, in particular savings and investment.
As to financial behavior of a person, it is possible to distinguish actions aimed at generating income, saving and consumption. The economic crisis dramatically affects almost all the factors that determine the specific behavior models in the financial sector. Studies of such transformations are relevant and especially significant for development of practical recommendations in the field of social and economic management.
The problems of dilapidated and emergency housing in Russia
Authors: Schneiderman Inna , Grishanov Vladimir , Guzanova Alla , Nozdrina Nadezhda
Published: October 2021

The relevance of this work is determined by the growth of negative trends associated with the increasing share of dilapidated and emergency housing in the housing stock of Russia. The elimination of such housing is a priority of the housing policy. The aim of the study was to identify the causes of the sharp increase in uninhabitable housing and to assess the prospects of solving this problem in the near future. The rapid accumulation of such housing is associated with low rates of demolition or decommissioning, insufficient capital repairs and shortage of newly commissioned housing. The scientific novelty of the article is as follows. Using the methodology of regional typologies construction, the authors estimate the dynamics of changes in the situation with housing unfit for living in different regions of the country for 2010-2016; the number and housing supply of the population living in such fund are calculated. Resettlement of citizens from dilapidated housing is one of the most pressing issues relating primarily to the poor and socially vulnerable segments of the population. Many resettled people are provided with obviously low quality housing. Scenarios for changing the share of dilapidated and emergency housing have been developed, including calculations of the number of people that will have to live there under certain housing policy options. Application of the scenario modeling method made it possible to draw original conclusions about the prospects of reducing the time of liquidation of uninhabitable housing, which differ from similar results of other researchers. In the preparation of forecasts, the measures of the state housing policy in 2013-2017 aimed at the elimination of emergency housingwere taken into account. Forecasts with such approaches are used for the first time. The results of the study can be used in the work of Federal and local authorities, in the implementation of the Federal project "Ensuring sustainable reduction of uninhabitable housing", as well as in scientific works on this issue.
Spatial Inequality In The Quality Of Life and Living Standards Of The Population In The Ural and Volga Federal Okrugs and Russia as a Whole (2013-2016).
Authors: Bobkov V. , Dolgushkin N.
Published: October 2021

The Object of the Study. Population of the Russian Federation differentiated by the quality of live and living standards regarding the living conditions in federal okrugs and administrative subjects.The Subject of the Study. Spatial inequality in the quality of life and living standards.The Purpose of the Study is judging the scales of the spatial inequality in the quality of life and living standards of population in the Ural and Volga Federal Okrugs and comparing them with those in the Russian Federation as a whole.A system of indicators of the quality of life and living standards in the Ural and Volga Federal Okrugs has been elabourated and quantitatively evaluated and compared to those in the Russian Federation as a whole for 2013-2016. A high spatial inequality of the majority of the indicators has been revealed.
The Housing Problem from the Point of View of Family Values and Preferences
Authors: Guzanova A. , Schneiderman I.
Published: October 2021

The Object of the Study. Housing conditions of households.The Subject of the Study. Improving housing conditions for households.The Purpose of the Study. Identifying of problems related to improvement of housing conditions of families in Russia on the basis of analysis of databases on housing construction and housing market, as well as needs, plans and intentions of families. The Main Provisions of the Article. The problem of improvement of living conditions for many Russian families. Providing housing for low-income households engaged in social policy that includes social housing, housing waiting list and housing subsidies. The severity of the housing problem concerns a wider range of Russian households, which primarily include families with children and young people. The housing situation has had a negative impact on their image and quality of life, as well as on their reproductive systems. The housing policy for families with children is part of the demographic policy.One of the most important priorities of the state policy in the sphere of housing is the development of low-rise housing construction, which is considered as a key tool for improving the living conditions of the population, solving the problems of emergency housing, overcoming the crowding of the population in large cities. The paper shows the contradictions of the housing market in Russia. The article reveals the current negative trends of mass industrial housing construction of predominantly small-sized housing that does not meet the needs and demand for housing for Russians, especially families with children. In this regard, the positive role of the construction of individual houses is shown. Serious problems with housing improvement in Russia, especially in small towns and rural areas are revealed. Positive trends in rural areas caused by construction of individual houses are described.On the basis of sociological surveys "Complex observation of living conditions of the population" conducted by Rosstat in 2011, 2014 and 2016, the analysis of housing provision of households was made, which showed some decrease, and significant problems for families with children.The plans and intentions of Russian households to improve their living conditions are analyzed. The dynamics of Russian attitudes and territorial differences are shown. The question of what housing, where and by whom is being built is investigated. The great contribution of individual housing construction, which is largely provided by families with children, was revealed.The analysis allows to draw a conclusion about low-rise housing construction as a panacea for solving the housing problem in Russia.
Mind in the Process of Intellectualization: the Modern Cycle
Authors: Kolomiyets B.
Published: October 2021

The Object of the Study. Global IntellectualizationThe Subject of the Study. Intellectualization ProcessesThe Purpose of the Study. System analysis and control of global intellectualizationThe Main Provisions of the Article. The modern cycle of global intellectualization requires its studying, adequate and timely reflecting it in the system of noosphere management, in the content of systems of activity and education.
Resolution of the Conference No18 of the Moscow economic forum (3 – 4 April 2018, Moscow, Presidium of RAS) on the topic of «Noospheric Paradigm of the Strategy and Mechanisms of the Rising Reproduction of the Population of Russia»
Authors: Bobkov V. , Subetto A.
Published: October 2021

Resolution of the Conference
Precarity – It Isn’t about Employment, It Is the Economy, Stupid
Authors: Herrmann Peter
Published: October 2021

Precarity is commonly referred to as matter of employment and the increasing insecurity and instability of obtaining labour as secure and predictable foundation of socio-economic security – subsequently we find instability of inclusion, cohesiveness and empowerment (and/or perception). Alluding to the slogan «the economy, stupid» which had been guiding Bill Clinton’s presidential campaign in 1992, the slogan brought forward is here «Precarity – it isn’t employment, stupid». The thesis is that much of the debate on precarity is referring to a curtailed understanding of the economy, based in four main pillars: monetary gain, growth, competition and employment. The real challenge lies in addressing the limitations of the quadriga that dominates modern social science, namely methodological individualism, methodological nationalism, methodological solutionism and methodological presentism.The Object of the Study. Analysing precarious employmentThe Subject of the Study. Change of Methodological RequirementsThe Purpose of the Study. Identifying flaws of existing methodology of social science and perspectives for alternativesThe main Provisions of the Article. Locating precarity within the framework of a changing economic formation
Regulating Flexible Forms of Employment in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Bereshev S.
Published: October 2021

The Object of the Study. Regulation process of flexible forms of employment at the national, sectoral and regional levels in the Republic of Kazakhstan.The Subject of the Study. Regulation forms of flexible employment in Kazakhstan. The Purpose of the Study. Identification of the need, possibilities and conditions for legislative and collective-contractual regulation of flexible employment in the Republic of KazakhstanThe Main Theoretical and Empirical Provisions of the Article. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the works of domestic and foreign researchers on problems of the spread of non-standard, unstable and flexible forms of employment (Herrman, P., Stending, G., Bobkov, V., Dzhumambayev S. and others). The research is based on studying and analysing current legislation on this issue, and on the content of system of agreements within the framework of social partnership. The article examines various aspects of regulating flexible forms of employment taking into account the specifics of the labour market in the republic. Features of legislative labour regulating certain workers categories with flexible forms of employment are revealed. Proposals for further improving labour legislation on regulating workers labour under unsustainable employment have been developed.
Economic Culture and Financial Mechanism
Authors: Kolyada N.
Published: October 2021

The Object of the Study. Economic culture.The Subject of the Study. The economic culture of the world finance market.The Purpose of the Study. Demonstrating the financial mechanism of exploiting Russia, its citizens and developing countries disguised as free market economy models.The Main Provisions of the Article.Economic culture is an important part of common personal culture. There are three interrelated levels of people’s economic behaviour. The basis of economic behavior is an “economic person” wishing to achieve maximum usefulness. Theoretical development of a more perfect category characterizing a person’s economic activity has not caused any changes in their practical behavior. Today, the category “human capital” functions to a certain degree only on microeconomic level and its practical use is connected not with the necessity of a person’s development but with the necessity of income growth from economic use of this very person. The economic person continues to function on all the other levels of economic activities. It is, connected with the fact that financial and economic mechanisms regulating the behaviour of market agents on macro and mega levels, have already been formed and are used with the category of economic person. Credit, stock and currency markets exist as the system of command and exploitation of small economies. Every element of financial market is used to redirect the value created in the developing countries to the leading economic powers. Not only the financial system itself, but also the educational system of undeveloped countries, existing market models, international agreements and clustering countries have been organized for the diversion of this created value. Russia’s peculiarities are that the monetary authorities of the country submit to the interests of leading economic states. Many elements of economic culture are apparently of a fictitious and declarative nature, hiding the essence of economic and financial relations, which are still on the level of an economic person. Current economic culture does not meet the interests of contemporary society. It is necessary to transform economic and financial mechanism so that it should not destroy spirituality and nature of a person and contribute to harmonious development of both particular regions of the world and human civilization as a whole.
Technological Prerequisites for the Transformation of the Sphere of Labor
Authors: Odegov Yu. , Pavlova V. , Telennaya L.
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Object of the Study. Changes in the nature and content of work caused by the 4th industrial revolution.The Subject of the Study. Changes in the field of labor due to technological changes in production.The Purpose of the Study. o study the changes that occur in the content of labor and the structure of the labor force under the influence of the 4th industrial revolution, which was noted in the report of the Director General of the ILO at the 104th session (2015). "The century's initiative for the future of the world of work".The Main Provisions of the Article. The analysis of changes in the nature and content of labour due to the 4th industrial revolution is given. It is stressed that changes in the sphere of labour caused by technological changes in production are characterized by the multiplicity of technologies used. The main directions of providing high-quality labour force in the conditions of gradual transition to a new technological structure and in the light of specific recommendations of the ILO concerning the future of the labour sphere are defined.
Supported Living of Disabled People as Innovative Practice of Social Service (by the Results of the Study at the Altay Kray in 2017–2018)
Authors: Kalinina Yu. , Mazaylova T. , Sirotina T. , Chukanova T.
Published: October 2021

The Object of the Study. Supported living of disabled people.The Subject of the Study. Supported living of disabled people with disabilities as an innovative practice of social service.The Purpose of the Study. Identifying resources and difficulties of implementation of supported living of disabled people as an innovative practice of social service at the Altay Kray.The Main Provisions of the Article. The resources and difficulties of implementation of supported living of people with disabilities as an innovative practice of social service at the Altay Kray on the bases of the study results are analyzed. The survey and interview of specialists of regional social agencies and non-profit organization rendering services for disabled people were conducted in 2017 – 2018. Respondents were disabled adults and their legal representatives living at the Altay Kray. On the basis of the study results the main problems of implementation of supported living of disabled people as an innovative form of a living arrangement of disabled people at the Altay Kray are identified. There is insufficient awareness about the practice of either experts or disabled people, their legal representatives; lack of federal and regional legal regulation in the field of the supported living of disabled people; absence of the experts trained in the field of the supported living, etc. On the basis of the study results the resources of implementation of supported living of disabled people have been also identified. There is the understanding of importance of practice implementation in the Kray by both the specialists of regional social agencies and non-profit organization as disabled adults and their legal representatives. The main directions of optimization of implementation of supported living of disabled people as innovative practice of social service at the Altay Kray are described.
Poverty Factors in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutyia)
Authors: Gavril’yeva Tuyara , Naberezhnaya, Anna , Ivanova Marina , Nikiforov Filipp
Published: October 2021

The Object of the Study The dynamics of indicators that comprehensively characterize poverty in the Republic Yakutiya has been analysed.The Subject of the Study The dynamics of poor people number in the region. The Purpose of the Study Is th determination of the endogenous (internal) factors of poverty based on the methods of economic and mathematical modeling and further development of perspective socialThe Main Theoretical Provision. The social policy of the government of the republic over the past decade has focused on employment, birth rate, housing, sustainable rural development, but program activities did not take into account the differentiation of social groups, with their low efficiency. The current moment seems to be a possible transition point to a more effective and adequate social policy. The structured database related to measurements of social well-being and living standards of the population in Yakutiya from 1995-2017 was created on the basic on open information of the Sakha (Yakutia)stat. It was used for determining the main factors and regional characteristics of poverty in Yakutiya. The factors that have the most significant impact on the level of poverty in the region were selected based on the correlation analysis. A linear regression model was created where the number of poor people was taken as the dependent variable. It has been proved that the number of poor people has a direct positive relationship with the indicators “number of pensioners” and “expenses of the consolidated budget of Yakutiya” and inverse relationship with “housing per capita”, "the real dynamics of the GRP" and "the population monetary incomes". Based on quantitative and qualitative analysis, the endogenous factors of poverty in the region were identified: high cost of living, low correlation of poverty with employment, wage disparities, as well as high fertility. Proposals of targeted social policy have been developed. They include: revision of the legal framework in the field of social protection, improvement of targeting social assistance, reviewing the demographic priorities of social policy, a maneuver in public sector jobs , the development of poverty monitoring and social assistance delivery based on digitalization, social experiments on poverty alleviation, including Universal Basic Income model for indigenous communes