bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
People Behavior Related To The Spread Of Covid-19’s Hoax
Authors: Juditha Christiany
Published: October 2024

Covid-19 became the biggest non-natural disaster in the world in 2020. It first broke out in Wuhan, China, and then spread to other countries including Indonesia. The public is in uncertainty and receives a lot of information about Covid-19 through various media. This condition is exacerbated by the spread of hoax related to Covid-19 which is difficult to contain. The purpose of this study was to analyses society's behavior related to the spread of the Covid-19 hoax. This research uses a survey method with a quantitative approach. The results of the study concluded that respondents' knowledge about Covid-19 and hoax was very adequate. However, most respondents are hesitant and are in a position that can sometimes distinguish hoax, sometimes not because of the large amount of information obtained every day. The public panic at Covid-19 caused hoax to continue to be spread in the hope that the information could be useful in preventing and treating. While the respondents did not spread Covid's-19 hoax, because they considered the information to be incorrect, not useful, and harmful to the health of others, and they wanted to break the chain of hoax distribution to themselves.
Application of the AHP-TOPSIS Method to Determine the Feasibility of Fund Loans
Authors: Hutagalung Juniar -
Published: October 2024

This study aims to produce a decision support system (DSS) for the feasibility of providing loan funds as a tool and recommendation for cooperatives with several criteria as the basis for decision making, namely: business ownership status, ability, character, collateral, income, and salary. The system implementation uses the Visual Studio 2010 and Microsoft Access 2010 programming languages. This application is designed for effective and efficient decision-making. This program uses two methods, namely AHP, to determine the weight of the criteria and TOPSIS for determining to rank. This combination is designed for high-accuracy applications. The results of the pairwise comparison matrix calculation show that the weights obtained are acceptable and consistent. This application generates alternative customer data from the highest preference value (feasible to get a loan) to the lowest (not feasible).
Implementation of Situational Crisis Communication Theory on the Case of Covid-19 by the Government of West Jawa through @pikobar_jabar
Authors: Maulida Rizkiya Ayu
Published: October 2024

This study aims to explore the crisis communication strategy of West Java Provincial Government on handling Covid-19 through the @pikobar_jabar Instagram account. According to SCCT, there are two functions of crisis communication, namely to ensure public safety and manage the reputation of the organization. This research was conducted using a qualitative content analysis method, where the researcher examined the content of Instagram @pikobar_jabar in the period of March-April 2020. The results showed that The West Java Regional Government used the Instagram account @pikobar_jabar to disseminate instructions on handling Covid-19 and at the same time publish their performance in overcoming the crisis. However, there are more posts contained instruction than performance publication. Hence, the West Java Regional Government prioritize public’s safety, rather than managing the image of their institution. In addition, researchers also found that in providing instructive messages, @pikobar_jabar used a persuasive strategy, which combines logical, emotional, and emotional aspects to create behavior changes.
Effects of supplementing rumen-protected rubber seed oil to dairy cattle on feed digestibility and milk production
Authors: Gunun Pongsatorn , Laorodphan Norakamol , Phayom Warachit , Kaewwongsa Walailuck , Kaewpila Chatchai , Khota Waroon , Gunun Nirawan
Published: October 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rumen-protected rubber seed oil (RPRSO) supplementation on feed digestibility, milk yield, and milk composition in tropical dairy cows.Methods: Twelve crossbred Holstien-Friesian dairy cows (75% Holstein-Friesian, 25% Thai native breed) with a mean body weight of 460±30 kg and 20±5 days in milk were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments according to a completely randomized design. The treatments were as follows: a basal diet without rumen-protected fat (RPF) (control) or supplementation of rumen-protected palm oil (RPPO) at 300 g/h/d and RPRSO at 300 g/h/d. Each cow was fed a total mixed ration ad libitum.Results: The nutrient intake was similar among treatments (p>0.05). Adding RPF did not affect nutrient digestibility, while organic matter (OM) digestibility increased in dairy cows receiving RPRSO (p<0.01). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total protein, or glucose did not alter among treatments (p>0.05), while triglycerides and cholesterol were increased when cows were fed RPPO (p<0.01). Adding RPF increases milk yield in cows (p<0.01). The supplementation of RPRSO increased milk fat (p = 0.04). Milk fat yield was higher in RPPO and highest in RPRSO (p<0.01). The addition of RPF increased the oleic acid (OA, C18:1 cis-9) in milk (p = 0.01). In addition, cows fed RPRSO increased linoleic acid (LA; C18:2ω6 cis-9,12+trans-9,12) and α-linolenic acid (ALA; C18-3ω3 cis-9,12,15) in milk (p<0.01). The addition of RPF increased milk unsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids (p≤0.04). The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in milk increased with RPRSO supplementation (p<0.01).Conclusion: Supplementation of RPRSO during early lactation can increase feed digestibility and the concentration of milk fat with PUFA (LA and ALA) in tropical dairy cows.
Using Azolla (Azolla microphylla) leaf meal and phytonutrient powder on rumen fermentation efficiency and nutrient degradability using in vitro technique
Authors: Phesatcha Burarat , Phesatcha Kampanat , Ampapon Thiwakorn , Wanapat Metha
Published: October 2024

Objective: This work was to investigate the effect of using Azolla (Azolla microphylla) leaf meal and phytonutrient powder on rumen fermentation efficiency and nutrient degradability using in vitro technique.Methods: All respective treatments were imposed in a 2×4×2 Factorial arrangements according to a completely randomized design. The first factor was two ratios of roughage to concentrate (R:C at 60:40, and 40:60), the second factor was Azolla (Azolla microphylla) powder (AMP) supplementation levels (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% of the total substrate) and the third factor was turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder (TUP) supplementation levels (0% and 2% of the total substrate).Results: Cumulative gas production at 96 h, was affected by R:C and numerically increased by AMP and TUP supplementation (p<0.05). Gas production kinetics increased with the increasing ratio of concentrate and AMP supplementation whereas TUP supplement reduced gas production. In vitro dry matter degradability was remarkably increased (p<0.05) by the R:C ratio, AMP and TUP supplementation. However, increasing R:C ratio, AMP and TUP supplementation resulted in the concentration of propionate (C3) significantly increasing (p<0.05). Acetate (C2), C2:C3 ratio, and protozoal population were improved (p<0.05), while the methane production decreased.Conclusion: Under this study, the results were obtained under the supplementation level of 9% AMP and 2% TUP of total substrate, hence, the combined use is potentially beneficial. These results revealed a potential use of AMP and TUP as a supplement to improve rumen fermentation for ruminant feeding. Nevertheless, in vivo feeding trials should be further investigated using AMP and TUP as a source of protein and phytonutrient.
Bart: Uma Técnica de Elicitação de Requisitos para Sistemas Multiagentes
Authors: Gerstberger Willian Samuel , Silva Williamson Alison Freitas , Guedes Gilleanes Thorwald Araujo
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho apresenta a técnica Bart, uma técnica de elicitação de requisitos para sistemas multiagentes. Nesta técnica utilizam-se metáforas para identificar os agentes que comporão o sistema, bem como seus papéis e os cenários em que eles interagirão.
Heurísticas para a Avaliação de Acessibilidade em Chatbots
Authors: Medeiros Augusto Castilho de , Valle Pedro Henrique Dias , Oliveira André Luiz de
Published: October 2024

Contexto: Com o avanço da Inteligência Artificial e seu uso cada vez mais constante para apoiar as mais diversas tarefas cotidianas como atendimento aos clientes por meio de chatbots, surge a preocupação com a acessibilidade dessas aplicações. Motivação: Chatbots devem ser projetados de modo a garantir que usuários que possuem limitações cognitivas, perceptivas ou motoras possam utilizá-los para alcançar os seus objetivos sem qualquer tipo de barreira. Neste contexto, emerge a seguinte questão de pesquisa: Como avaliar de forma efetiva a acessibilidade de chatbots? Neste trabalho é apresentado um catálogo de onze heurísticas para a avaliação de acessibilidade de chatbots. Metodologia: As heurísticas foram derivadas a partir da avaliação de acessibilidade de diversos chatbots populares com base na Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). Resultados: As heurísticas propostas têm o potencial de apoiar designers no projeto de interfaces de aplicações baseadas em chatbots em conformidade com as diretrizes de acessibilidade na web.
Traditioneller Auftrag und neue politische Rahmenbedingungen für die Freie Wohlfahrtspflege
Authors: Rieger Günter
Published: October 2024

Veränderte gesellschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen und ein gewandeltes Politikverständnis haben dazu geführt, dass korporatistische Handlungsstrategien zunehmend weniger Erfolg versprechen: In der ökonomischen Logik des Neoliberalismus erscheinen privilegierte Beteiligung und Berücksichtigung als kritikwürdiges Wohlfahrtskartell. Politische Interventionen und Beteiligung der Freien Wohlfahrtspflege werden jetzt auch als von außen an die Politik herangetragenes Lobbying verstanden. Daher muss die Freie Wohlfahrtspflege ihr politisches Tun am Konzept des Lobbyismus orientieren und professionalisieren.
Die Entwicklung der Sozialen Arbeit in Ostdeutschland
Authors: Beetz Stephan
Published: October 2024

Verwunderlich ist, dass dieses Buch nicht längst geschrieben wurde. Nun liegt es vor und bietet Stoff für eine Diskussion der Entwicklungslinien Sozialer Arbeit – nicht nur in Ostdeutschland. „Genese Ost.

Transformationen der Sozialen Arbeit in Deutschland“ zeigt eindringlich auf, wie eng Soziale Arbeit mit gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungen verknüpft ist.
Der Grundsatz des „ne bis in idem“
Authors: Kellner Philipp
Published: October 2024

According to § 362 no. 5 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, which was introduced on December 30, 2021, by the Act to Obtain Substantive Justice (Gesetz zur Herstellung materieller Gerechtigkeit), criminal proceedings can be reopened against a person who has been finally acquitted if new facts or evidence emerge. This new evidence must provide compelling reasons to convict the acquitted individual of murder or of certain crimes against international law. In his academic paper, the author analyses the compatibility of this new regulation and the principle of "ne bis in idem" as well as its retroactive applicability. By providing concrete suggestions for amendments, he demonstrates how the law can be harmonized with current constitutional law.
Die Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf das deutsche Arbeitsrecht
Authors: Beck Lars
Published: October 2024

Digitalization is revolutionizing German labor law. This work explores the opportunities and challenges of this development. Readers gain insights into the legal aspects of surveillance technologies and artificial intelligence in the workplace. The book analyzes current laws and highlights the necessary adjustments to protect employee rights and privacy. Through detailed research and practical recommendations, it provides valuable insights for legal professionals, HR managers, and those interested in the impact of digitalization on the world of work. Lars Beck studied business law at the Rheinische Hochschule Köln, focusing on the intersection of law and technology.
Only Friends?
Authors: Fandel Janina
Published: October 2024

In her empirical study, Janina Fandel provides a deep insight into the dynamics of friendships with the sexually preferred sex. She highlights the challenges and potential benefits of these relationships from an evolutionary psychological perspective. While most research to date has focused on heteronormative relationships, this study is one of the first to include homosexual individuals. By demonstrating that there are differences between the sexes and also regarding the sexual orientations, the author makes a significant contribution to the understanding of human relationships and to further scientific discourse.
Neue Arbeitsmodelle: Belastung oder Entlastung?
Authors: Fonseca Müller Ana Paula
Published: October 2024

The world of work underwent revolutionary changes during the Covid pandemic. Positive experiences with working from home paved the way for the flexibilization of work and the establishment of new forms of remote and hybrid work. Using the example of Bosch Sensortec GmbH, the author examines the stress experiences of employees in the area of conflict between virtual work at geographically dispersed lo-cations and presence work in a hybrid environment. Stressors caused by remote and hybrid work overlap with the general stress situation caused by the VUCA world and have a chal-lenging effect on the work-life balance. Recommendations for action, which can positively influence the individual experience of stress in dealing with the examined forms of work, round off the analysis.
Die (vor-)insolvenzliche Unternehmenssanierung im Lichte der Fusions- und Beihilfenkontrolle
Authors: Stratmann Svea
Published: October 2024

The (pre-)insolvency restructuring of companies is in a field of tension with the principles of competition protection, both from the perspective of restructuring law, which may be excessively “slowed down” by competition protection, and from the perspective of competition law, whose objectives could be thwarted by restructuring aid under insolvency law. The study therefore examines the legal interrelationship on the basis of two potentially conflict-prone interfaces in the area of merger and state aid control law and, in doing so, puts established instruments of competition law and restructuring law to the test.
Denis Diderot – Ein funkensprühender Kopf
Authors: Raupp Werner
Published: October 2024

The French philosopher Denis Diderot is considered one of the most brilliant minds of the European Enlightenment. He became famous as the editor of the epochal "Encyclopédie" (1751-1772). He also made a name for himself as a publicist and writer, as a playwright, as a scholar of art and music, and finally as a pioneer of democracy. Schiller praised his ideas as "sparks of light", Nietzsche honoured him as the "first spirit of the new France". Werner Raupp combines a biography of the polymath with a mosaic of 100 of the philosopher's thoughts. In addition to short aphorisms, there are also longer reflections and excerpts from novels and letters, which are intended to inspire the reader to think. Werner Raupp studied philosophy, theology and modern history in Mainz and Tübingen. He works as a freelance author and teaches at colleges and universities. He is co-founder of the humanistic-philosophical study group 'Tusculum' and co-editor of the journal 'Aufklärung & Kritik'. The main focus of his work is modern intellectual history.
Combining Learning Algorithms with Explainable AI to Assess the Strength of Steganography Passwords
Authors: Balaji V. , Selvaraj P.
Published: October 2024

The concept of passwords predates computers by a significant amount. They served as a way to verify the authenticity or identify a person. Passwords, such as email addresses, social media login credentials, and Internet banking information, are commonly used to secure private information in the modern world. Brute-forcing is one of these methods, which uses a powerful computer system to search through all possible combinations of alphanumeric characters to crack the password. Steganography and cryptography are regarded as a robust Privacy protection solution. On the other hand, steganography typically deals with text concealment in passwords. If the steganography password is robust, brute force may not work since the strong password may be discovered over several months or years. However, consumers create weak passwords due to inappropriate password policy rules set up by password strength meters. In this work, we use deep learning and machine learning methods, such as decision trees and logistic regression, Xgboost, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Keras model, to categorize the steganography password in any one of the three categories (weakest, average, and most robust). This allows us to calculate the steganography password strength. Additionally, we have used explainable AI to interpret the models’ strengths and weaknesses. The algorithm with the highest accuracy, precision, recall, and f-measure scores has been the best. These were the model performance results: 81.9% for Logistic Regression, 81.2% for Decision Tree, 99.7% for Xgboost, 98.2% for MLP, and 99.7% for Keras. Compared to the other models, Xgboost and Keras performed better.
Perspective Chapter: Mining in Colombia from the Perspective of Environmental Justice – Were Judicial Courts an Ideal Setting to Achieve It?
Authors: Fernando Sánchez Supelano Luis
Published: October 2024

The Colombian State haspromoted different adjustments to the country’s mining model, generally with the intention of increasing foreign investment, increasing production, and increasing State income from the use of mineral resources, but this has led to the emergence of different judicial processes. In which the government’s reforms have been questioned. In this context, the article aims to evaluate the jurisprudential developments of the Colombian Constitutional Court and the Council of State from an environmental justice perspective. Thus, this text reconstructs the jurisprudential debates generated by the judicial actions presented by members of Colombian civil society, develops the basic dimensions of an idea of environmental justice, and evaluates the impacts and transformations generated by judicial decisions in terms of mining regulations and public policies. It is based on the jurisprudential analysis of the highest Colombian courts and a critical analysis based on environmental justice. It is found that although jurisprudence has imposed some limits and has served as a counterweight to the actions of the executive, it is still necessary to deepen environmental justice approaches to resolve controversies involving mining.
Mesoamerican Pyramidal Shaped Landscapes as Maps in Urban Ceremonial Sites: “Close Mapping” Analysis of Spatial Homologs
Authors: Doxtater Dennis
Published: October 2024

Probability tests show the likelihood of designed and land-surveyed “landscape pyramids” laid out horizontally over large-scale geographic areas. Linked are two coincidental equinox and solstice alignment patterns among volcanos at Mexico (valley) and Lake Atitlan. Pattern apexes position early Olmec sites of La Venta and San Lorenzo. This frame provides “benchmarks” to locate and orient site features for both Olmec and early Mayan foci of Piedras Negras, Palenque, El Mirador, and Tikal as exemplary. The design of these complex ceremonial sites is yet to be understood, despite attempts by notable applications such as Space Syntax. The present work uses custom software to accurately map formal geometry at large landscape scales, seeking azimuthal homologs (identities) of individual alignments and pyramid-shaped patterns with urban scale designs. Homolog patterns will serve future research to statistically prove intentional design. Hypothetically, homologic mapping served to integrate diverse social groups and their ceremonial foci over large geographic areas, unifying ritual-based religion and diminishing territorial strife.
Cardiomyopathy: Exploring the Causes, Prevention and Management of Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Singh Aishwarya , Mishra Rohit , Moni Monika
Published: October 2024

Cardiomyopathies encompass a diverse array of disorders impacting the heart’s structure and function. Mutations in genes coding for sarcomeric proteins are linked to various abnormalities that lead to contractile dysfunction and contribute to disease progression. Dilated cardiomyopathy, which can be genetic or acquired, usually manifests with typical heart failure symptoms and reduced ejection fraction. In contrast, restrictive cardiomyopathy is rarer and frequently connected to systemic diseases. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can cause exertional dyspnea, atypical chest pain, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. In arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, the hallmark lesion is the replacement of the ventricular myocardium by fibrofatty tissue. Myocardial atrophy occurs progressively with time and manifests with right-sided heart failure and ventricular tachycardia leading to sudden cardiac death. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a transient apical ballooning syndrome and stress-induced cardiomyopathy its non-ischemic cardiomyopathy and predominantly affect post-menopausal women. There is transient regional systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle that mimics an acute myocardial infarction but involves only minimal release of cardiac enzymes. The most common clinical presentation in patients with cardiomyopathy is heart failure. While cardiomyopathies can be asymptomatic in their early stages, the symptoms that do appear are usually typical of heart failure.
The Relationship between Depression and Suicide
Authors: Kara Fatih , Gülbahçe Arzu
Published: October 2024

Suicide is the voluntary ending of one’s life. It is a state of aggression directed toward the person’s self. Suicidal ideation can be considered in three dimensions: suicidal behavior, suicide attempt, and completed suicide. It is thought that, for every completed suicide, there are an average of 30 suicide attempts. While suicide attempts are 1.5–3 times more common in women than men, completed suicides are 2–3 times more common in men. According to the data of the World Health Organization, 800,000 people die every year due to suicide in the world. Therefore, this situation can be considered a public health problem. Suicide occurs throughout the lifespan and was the fourth leading cause of death among 15–29-year-olds globally in 2019. Suicide is a serious public health problem; however, suicides are preventable with timely, evidence-based, and often low-cost interventions. For national responses to be effective, a comprehensive multisectoral suicide prevention strategy is needed. Depression is the condition with the highest risk of suicide. A depressed patient sometimes has a higher risk of suicide during the recovery period. Because while vegetative symptoms improve in a shorter time with antidepressant treatment, it takes a little longer for depressive thoughts to improve.
Effects of Natural Feed Additives on Reducing the Carbon Footprint in Broiler Farms
Authors: Riaz Roshan , Ölmez Mükremin , Karadağoğlu Özlem , Şahin Tarkan
Published: October 2024

The world’s population is continuously growing, resulting in an increasing need for meat, particularly poultry. As the poultry industry expands to fulfill this demand, it faces the dual challenge of increasing production while reducing its environmental impact. Even though broiler production has comparatively lower environmental impacts than other livestock species, it remains a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. Emissions and nutrient losses occur at various stages of chicken production, emphasizing the need for effective management strategies to minimize environmental impact. Natural feed additives are viable solutions to this issue. These additives enhance nutrient utilization and improve gut health, resulting in better broiler performance and reduced emissions. By optimizing digestive efficiency and minimizing waste by-products, natural feed additives offer a promising approach to lowering the environmental footprint of poultry production. The chapter compiles recent research findings, showing the effectiveness of these additives in broiler production in mitigating the environmental impacts. By integrating these innovative solutions, the poultry industry can sustainably meet the growing demand for meat, thereby contributing to global food security while reducing its environmental impact.
Real-Time Physical and Financial Monitoring of Cross-Country Natural Gas Pipeline Infrastructure Projects: A Digital Way
Authors: Prasad Asim
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses the importance of project planning and introduces a new approach using mathematical models to track linear infrastructure projects’ physical and financial progress, particularly cross-country natural gas pipeline (NGPL) initiatives. The chapter teaches readers how to develop project schedules using Work Breakdown Structures and “S” curves, which have been successfully implemented in complex NGPL projects. The researcher used an exploratory methodology, including a literature review, to synthesize his experience with cross-country NGPL project implementation. Natural gas (NG), which accounts for 23.3% of global primary energy consumption, requires transportation to the consumption site, with cross-country pipelines being the safest, most efficient, and most economical delivery method. The results provide a seven-step Excel-based mathematical model for Physical Progress Monitoring and a six-step model for Finance Monitoring. These models can help project sponsors and contractors forecast and detect delays, which can be mitigated by altering execution techniques to control time and cost overruns. This helps to keep the NG transportation tariff within affordable limits. The research has practical societal implications. The novelty of the models lies in their originality.
Principal Components and Factor Models for Space-Time Data of Remote Sensing
Authors: Grillenzoni Carlo
Published: October 2024

Time-lapse videos, created with sequences of remotely-sensed images, are widely available nowadays; their aim is monitoring land transformations, both as regards natural events (e.g., floods) and human interventions (e.g., urbanizations). The corresponding datasets are represented by multidimensional arrays (at least 3-4D) and their spectral analysis (eigenvalues, eigenvectors, principal components, factor models) poses several issues. In particular, one may wonder what are the statistically meaningful operations and what is the treatment of the space–time autocorrelation (ACR) across pixels. In this article, we develop principal component analysis (PCA, useful for data reduction and description) and factor autoregressive models (FAR, suitable for data analysis and forecasting), for 3D data arrays. An extensive application, to a real case study of a Google Earth video, is carried out to illustrate and check the validity of the numerical solutions.
An In Vitro Model for the Study of Itch Using Human iPS Cell-Derived Sensory Neurons
Authors: Toyama Sumika , Tominaga Mitsutoshi , Takamori Kenji
Published: October 2024

Neuronal morphological changes in the epidermis contribute to abnormal skin sensations in dry skin-based skin diseases. Intractable itch significantly reduces the quality of life, making it essential to understand the fundamental mechanisms of itch for developing antipruritic treatments. Itch is mediated by peripheral sensory neurons (SN) that originate from the neural crest (NC) during development. Itch-associated signaling molecules have been identified in genetically engineered animals and in cultures of peripheral neurons from dorsal root ganglia (DRG). However, ethical difficulties in collecting peripheral neurons from human DRG have limited the analysis of itch in humans. This chapter describes a method for differentiating peripheral neurons from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) and a method for physiological studies of itch using hiPSC-derived peripheral neurons. It also includes an analysis of their interactions with non-neuronal cells.
Technological Advances in Maxillofacial Surgery: Function and Esthetics
Authors: Youn Maeng Ji , Young Choi Jin
Published: October 2024

What defines a “naturally” esthetic face? Can natural beauty be comprehensively understood through scientific analysis? What systematic efforts can be made to ultimately achieve natural beauty? In previous years, the management of facial asymmetry to satisfy both function and esthetics has posed a paramount challenge to many maxillofacial surgeons. With the collateral developments of imaging technologies, virtual surgical technologies, and CAD/CAM technologies, unprecedented accuracy and precision have been achieved in osteotomies. With advances in maxillofacial osteotomies that have already been made, it is more important to establish different standards for application and to continuously scrutinize potential errors in current technologies.
Medical AI in the EU: Regulatory Considerations and Future Outlook
Authors: Ranttila Pertti , Sahebi Golnaz , Kontio Elina , Salmi Jussi
Published: October 2024

In many countries around the world, the healthcare sector is facing difficult problems: the aging population needs more care at the same time as the workforce is not growing, the cost of treatments is going up, and the more and more technical medical products are placing serious challenges to the expertise of the healthcare professionals. At the same time, the field of artificial intelligence (AI) is making big leaps, and naturally, AI is also suggested as a remedy to these problems. In this article, we discuss some of the ethical and legal problems facing AI in the healthcare field, with case study of European Union (EU) regulations and the local laws in one EU member state, Finland. We also look at some of the directions that the AI research in medicine will develop in the next 3–10 years. Especially, Large Language Models (LLMs) and image analysis are used as examples. The potential of AI is huge and the potential has already become a reality in many fields, but in medicine, there remain obstacles. We discuss both technical and regulatory questions related to the expansion of AI techniques used in the clinical environment.
Heterogeneity of Glioblastoma
Authors: Guzman Samuel
Published: October 2024

Glioblastomas are IDH-wildtype, WHO grade 4 tumors with a poor prognosis. The tumor biology is heterogeneous with distinct subpopulations that can likely contribute to overall tumor diversity in this group. Molecular techniques are allowing for sub classification of this tumor type, which can hopefully allow for identification of therapeutic targets. DNA methylation has subclassified GBMs into 5 groups, while techniques like spatial transcriptomics/RNA seq have found intratumoral heterogeneity in single neoplasms. Future data has to correlate these findings to clinical data and tumor location in the brain to allow the underlying biology to be better assessed and targeted. Multileveled analysis is beginning to be performed and showing great progress.
Development of a Nanosensor Based on Cu-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for the Detection of Glucose
Authors: Echabaane Mosaab
Published: October 2024

In this chapter, a nanosensor based on Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles (CZO NPs) for non-enzymatic glucose sensing has been elaborated. An electrochemical method, cyclic voltammetry (CV), has been developed for the detection of glucose. CZO was synthesized by the sol-gel technique, and its structural and morphological features were investigated by TEM, FTIR, and XRD. The elaborated ITO/CZO electrode was studied CV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Indeed, the detection of glucose exhibited a large linear range in the range of 10−9 M–10−4 M and a low detection limit of 8 × 10−10 M. The response nanosensor was evaluated for various interfering species. Finally, the developed nanosensor was successfully tested on glucose determination in human serum samples.
Edible Oilseeds: Historical Perspectives, Recent Advances, and Future Directions
Authors: Khan Amna , Ali Awan Azmat , Yasin Muhammad , Ramzan Aasia , Waqas Aslam Cheema Muhammad , Jan Akhtar
Published: October 2024

Oilseed crops are vital sources of edible oil, grown worldwide for their nutritional and industrial significance. Ranging from soybeans to sunflowers, these crops play a pivotal role in human diets and economies. Recent advances in oilseed crops include the development of high-yielding varieties with improved disease resistance and enhanced nutritional profiles. Moreover, there have been significant efforts to optimize oil extraction processes to increase efficiency and reduce waste. Additionally, research into the metabolic pathways involved in oil biosynthesis has provided insights for engineering crops with higher oil content and desirable fatty acid compositions. These advancements are crucial for meeting the growing global demand for edible oils while addressing environmental and nutritional challenges. Taking into account recent literature, this chapter (i) overviews the historical perspectives and evolution of edible oilseeds; (ii) highlights the global expansion of edible oilseeds cultivation; (iii) enlightens the taxonomy and genetic diversity of edible oilseed crops; (iv) briefly overviews the major significance of edible oilseeds; (v) critically discusses the major recent advances (including the role of revolutionary clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR technology) in the field of edible oilseeds research; and also (vi) highlights the major aspects so far least explored in the current context.
Impact of customer-centric marketing on FMCG supply chain efficiency and SME profitability
Authors: Oluwaseun Peter Oyeyemi  , Kikelomo Fadilat Anjorin  , Somto Emmanuel Ewim  , Abbey Ngochindo Igwe  , Ngodoo Joy Sam-Bulya
Published: October 2024

In the highly competitive Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face significant challenges in balancing supply chain efficiency with profitability. This review examines the role of customer-centric marketing in enhancing both supply chain operations and financial performance for FMCG SMEs. Customer-centric marketing focuses on aligning business strategies with consumer needs, preferences, and feedback, which directly influences supply chain efficiency through improved demand forecasting, product innovation, and streamlined logistics. The integration of customer insights into supply chain management allows SMEs to optimize inventory management, reduce overproduction, and respond more swiftly to changing consumer demands. By tailoring products and services to customer expectations, businesses can reduce supply chain costs, minimize waste, and enhance operational flexibility. This approach not only improves efficiency but also drives profitability through increased customer satisfaction, loyalty, and brand differentiation. Customer-centric strategies enable more precise targeting, resulting in better returns on marketing investments and higher conversion rates. Additionally, SMEs that focus on customer-driven innovation gain a competitive edge by offering products that meet market demands while maintaining cost-effective supply chain operations. However, challenges such as resource limitations, the complexity of aligning marketing and supply chain functions, and the fast-evolving nature of consumer behavior can hinder successful implementation. By leveraging data analytics, fostering cross-functional collaboration, and adopting incremental customer-centric practices, SMEs can overcome these obstacles. Ultimately, customer-centric marketing plays a critical role in boosting supply chain efficiency and ensuring long-term profitability for FMCG SMEs in an increasingly dynamic marketplace.
Enhancing domestic peace through effective community-based ADR programs
Authors: Obafemi D Akintayo  , Chinazo Nneka Ifeanyi  , Okeoma Onunka
Published: October 2024

Enhancing domestic peace requires addressing conflicts within communities through proactive, accessible, and culturally relevant mechanisms. Community-Based Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) programs provide a powerful tool for resolving disputes at the grassroots level, fostering harmony and preventing escalation into more severe conflicts. This paper examines how effective community-based ADR programs can enhance domestic peace by promoting non-violent conflict resolution, increasing access to justice, and building community resilience. The study highlights key elements of successful ADR programs, including community involvement, culturally sensitive practices, and the integration of traditional and modern dispute resolution techniques. The effectiveness of these programs is grounded in their ability to engage local leaders, stakeholders, and members of the community in the resolution process, creating a sense of ownership and trust in the outcomes. By exploring case studies of successful community-based ADR initiatives in various regions, this paper demonstrates the critical role these programs play in reducing domestic violence, enhancing social cohesion, and fostering dialogue. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of training and capacity-building for mediators, facilitators, and community leaders to ensure sustainability and effectiveness. The role of gender-sensitive approaches within ADR frameworks is also emphasized, ensuring that vulnerable groups, particularly women and children, have access to fair and impartial conflict resolution processes. The findings suggest that community-based ADR programs not only mitigate domestic tensions but also contribute to long-term peacebuilding efforts by addressing the root causes of conflict and promoting dialogue, mutual understanding, and reconciliation. The paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers, community leaders, and development organizations to strengthen and expand the reach of ADR programs as part of broader efforts to enhance domestic peace and security.
Improving worker safety in confined space entry and hot work operations: Best practices for high-risk industries
Authors: Oluwaseyi Ayotunde Akano  , Enobong Hanson  , Chukwuebuka Nwakile  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri
Published: October 2024

This paper explores best practices for improving worker safety in confined space entry and hot work operations within high-risk industries, such as oil and gas, manufacturing, and construction. Confined spaces present significant dangers due to limited access, poor ventilation, and the potential presence of toxic gases, while hot work carries the risk of fire, explosions, and harmful fumes. The paper examines the current regulatory frameworks, including OSHA and international standards, and the challenges industries face in achieving compliance. Key case studies highlight the consequences of non-compliance and the benefits of adhering to safety protocols. The paper also outlines best practices, including thorough risk assessments, regular training programs, the use of advanced safety technologies, and emergency preparedness measures. Ultimately, this research underscores the importance of strict safety adherence to prevent accidents and protect workers in hazardous environments.
A Phenomenology of Authenticity in Prison Life: Kierkegaard and the Paradox of Freedom
Authors: Hazel Marie Vitales  , Jan Gabriel Boller  , Musa Gary , Amando Grata
Published: October 2024

This study examines the lived experiences of selected inmates, some of whom have been released from New Bilibid Prison in Muntinlupa City, Philippines, focusing on how incarceration has transformed their lives. Faced with significant mental and emotional challenges, the inmates embraced a new life of faith amid the harsh realities of prison life. The study employs a phenomenological method to gather narratives from the inmates and analyze them thematically. The central issue this research addresses is understanding how prison experiences trigger spiritual transformation in individuals. The study's objective is to explore the spiritual changes experienced by the inmates through religious participation, using the theoretical framework of existential philosopher Søren Kierkegaard. Kierkegaard's concepts of the paradoxical nature of despair and the three stages of life—the aesthetic, the ethical, and the religious—are applied to understand the spiritual dynamics experienced by the inmates. The findings reveal that participation in religious activities can ignite profound spiritual change, even within the confines of physical and personal restrictions. The inmates' narratives highlight a journey from despair to spiritual awakening, illustrating the existential dynamics of human freedom, authenticity, and community. The study recommends providing spiritual support as an integral part of inmate rehabilitation, emphasizing how religious participation can offer inner freedom even amid physical confinement.
Improving Athlete Data Protection: Tackling Privacy and Economic Risks in Digital Security
Authors: Zhao Shuang  , Guo Liya
Published: October 2024

In the context of the rapid development of network information technology, the Internet has increasingly influenced various sectors, including sports. One critical issue that arises in sports is the leakage of athletes' personal information, which has become a prominent concern in network information security. Athlete data not only concerns their privacy but also holds significant economic value, making it vulnerable to exploitation. As a result, protecting athletes' data has become a pressing issue, with an urgent need to safeguard their independent rights and interests. This study aims to address the challenges surrounding the protection of athletes' information. Specifically, it seeks to investigate the inadequacies of traditional protection methods, which have operated mainly within personality and privacy rights frameworks. However, with the increasing commercialization of athletes' data and the growing recognition of its asset-like properties, these traditional approaches are no longer sufficient to ensure comprehensive protection. The study employs a literature review method and comparative analysis, focusing on various perspectives regarding athletes' information protection. The findings highlight the need to shift from the traditional legal frameworks towards a new system that considers athlete data's personal and economic dimensions. As a recommendation, the study strongly advocates for developing a more robust and multi-dimensional protection system, incorporating legal and financial measures to safeguard athletes' rights in the digital era
The Role of 'Village BA' in Enhancing Rural Sports Public Services: A Case Study of Rural Revitalization in Guizhou-China
Authors: Ye Biao
Published: October 2024

Rural revitalization is a critical strategy for advancing rural development in China, with rural sports public services playing a key role in this process. This study focuses on the phenomenon of 'Village BA' in Guizhou, a local basketball competition that has gained significant popularity and is a key player in the rural revitalization process, largely due to the active community engagement. The study aims to analyze its success factors and impact on developing rural sports public services within the broader context of rural revitalization. Using empirical research methods, the study identifies several reasons behind the widespread appeal of 'Village BA,' including its deep cultural resonance and the crucial role of community engagement. Additionally, the study highlights the significant value that such events contribute to fostering competition and participation in rural sports services. The research also uncovers several challenges in the current 'Village BA' model. These include misalignment between the nature of sports and rural characteristics, inadequate sports infrastructure, insufficient safety measures, organizational management challenges, and limited service offerings. To address these issues, the study recommends developing more diverse and inclusive sports services, enhancing rural sports infrastructure, and creating an innovative 'sports+' development model that integrates sports with other sectors. Furthermore, it advocates for a diversified and coordinated supply of sports services to comprehensively promote the growth of rural sports public services. These strategies are intended to support the overall goal of rural revitalization by improving the quality of life and fostering community engagement through sports
Integrating English Skills Competitions into the Curriculum and Students' Oral English Abilities
Authors: Du Ruixue  , Princess Policarpio
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the integration of Skills Competitions and Oral English Expression Abilities among Liaocheng Vocational and Technical College, Shandong, China students. The primary issue addressed is the level of integration of English skills competitions into the curriculum and its impact on students' oral English expression abilities. This research aims to evaluate the extent to which English skills competitions have been incorporated into the learning process and to explore the relationship between the level of integration and students' oral English expression abilities. The study employed a descriptive-correlational research design, utilizing a survey questionnaire to collect student data. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were conducted to analyze the collected data. The findings indicate that integrating English skills competitions into the curriculum can significantly enhance students' oral English expression abilities, particularly in idiomatic usage and overall communicative competence. The positive impact largely depends on careful implementation that balances competitive activities with other pedagogical methods. The study recommends that educators ensure these competitions are designed to be inclusive and are part of a broader, well-rounded approach to language learning. In this way, English skills competitions can effectively improve students' oral language abilities, provided they are balanced and aligned with comprehensive pedagogical approaches