bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Juventude quilombola e educação escolar: desafios da Comunidade Quilombola de Macaúbas Palmito
Authors: Carmo Monalisa Aparecida do , Azevedo Diana Aparecida Costa
Published: December 2023

A evasão escolar no Brasil é um problema recorrente que compromete o desenvolvimento da educação, sendo assim faz-se necessário compreender os fatores que levam um/uma estudante a deixar o ambiente escolar. É com base nessa discussão que este estudo direcionado ao município de Bocaiúva, região norte de Minas Gerais, tem o objetivo de compreender os fatores que impulsionaram o abandono escolar dos/das jovens da comunidade Quilombola de Macaúbas Palmito e, ainda, identificar se os fatores que levaram a essa saída são os mesmos que impedem o retorno. Para isso, recorremos aos questionários, junto à conversas e observações que estão marcadas pelo pertencimento e vivência na comunidade. Nos deparamos com fatores internos como infraestrutura, convivência e condições de deslocamento, e outros que não se concentram na escola, como as condições socioeconômicas que as empurram para o mercado de trabalho e cuidados com o lar. Tais aspectos nos mostraram a complexidade do conceito evasão escolar, e desperta para a necessidade em associá-lo ao que definimos como expulsão escolar, pois há motivações que partem das condições oferecidas/construídas pela escola em meio às desigualdades e discriminações sociais.
Narrativas quilombolas e o ensino Teatro: possibilidades artístico-pedagógicas afrorreferenciadas
Authors: Celestino Rubens dos Santos
Published: December 2023

Esse artigo surge a partir da minha prática artístico-pedagógica do fazer teatral no contexto escolar quilombola, visando analisar, discutir e problematizar os desafios e encruzilhadas do ensino de teatro na formação étnico-racial do educando e da educanda a partir das narrativas locais. Nesse sentido, o percurso investigativo foi desenvolvido em uma turma do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental I, da Escola Municipal Duque de Caxias, situada na comunidade negra rural quilombola Monte Recôncavo, em São Francisco do Conde/BA. Assim, as proposições realizadas nas aulas entrelaçaram dialeticamente abordagens cênicas, históricas e pedagógicas voltadas para a formação identitária, tais como: aprendizagem significativa, encruzilhada epistemológica, jogos dramáticos e teatrais, jogos de apropriação textual, saberes e fazeres tradicionais, valores civilizatórios afro-brasileiros, educação quilombola. Essa experiência possibilitou uma reflexão crítica acerca da invisibilidade do negro e da negra nos espaços de poder, bem como evidenciou a importância da instituição escolar no combate ao racismo e a promoção da equidade racial através da valorização das narrativas locais, das histórias de vida, da tradição oral.
Reflexões sobre políticas públicas educacionais para o campo no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Lauria Shirley Mabel
Published: December 2023

A presente resenha foi escrita sobre a obra “Reflexões sobre políticas públicas educacionais para o campo no contexto brasileiro” de autoria de Arlete Ramos dos Santos e Cláudio Nunes Pinto, publicada pela Editora da Universidade Federal da Bahia, em 2020. A referida obra apresenta os resultados de pesquisas realizadas por membros do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Movimentos Sociais, Diversidade e Educação do Campo e Cidade (GEPEMDECC), em nível de mestrado, tendo como corpus de análise o Plano de Ações Articuladas (PAR) nos contextos baiano e brasileiro, além de discutir a conjectura da Educação do Campo, o que a torna referência para compreender a conjuntura dessa modalidade de educação nas duas primeiras décadas do século XXI, explicitando contradições marcantes no que tange às políticas educacionais, bem como as ações do empresariado brasileiro, via agronegócio, com a clara intenção de investimento para a privatização do ensino público.
Concepções de currículo e a Educação do Campo: uma revisão sistemática da literatura em publicações nacionais
Authors: Santos Giane Souza dos , Mateus Kergilêda Ambrósio de Oliveira
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de identificar a concepção de currículo presente em artigos que discorrem sobre a Educação do Campo. Optamos por realizar uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) no periódico eletrônico da Revista Brasileira de Educação do Campo e na base de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). Para tanto, foi realizado um mapeamento das publicações no intuito de efetuar uma posterior análise para a condução da RSL, assim, foi criado um Protocolo de Estudo específico. A questão de pesquisa que norteou esta investigação consistiu em identificar que concepção de currículo está presente nos artigos publicados sobre escola do campo, na Revista Brasileira de Educação do Campo e na base de dados Scielo Brasil, cujo recorte temporal foi de 2016 a 2021. A análise de dados teve como base a compreensão da Análise de Conteúdo, segundo Bardin (1977). Na procura de resposta para a questão de pesquisa, buscou-se orientar a análise por meio de categorias que foram surgindo durante as leituras e organização dos dados. Constatou-se que existem poucas pesquisas sobre a temática, o que evidencia a necessidades de mais investigações nessa área, por isso, faz-se necessário fortalecer a construção de Projetos Políticos e Pedagógicos com a participação da comunidade escolar nas escolas do campo.
“Uma Rainha Negra entre os súditos brancos”: trajetória da intelectual negra Conceição Soares Lopes na História da Educação de Ilhéus
Authors: Santos Cristiane Batista da Silva
Published: December 2023

Este capítulo discute a trajetória da intelectual negra Maria da Conceição Soares Lopes, na cidade de Ilhéus-Bahia, entre as décadas de 1920-1990. A discussão objetiva destacar como, para além de uma biografia, sua atuação política se aproxima dos conceitos de intelectualidade e protagonismo negro trazendo novas perspectivas para a História da Educação em consonância com o atendimento à Lei n. 10.639/03. O texto ressalta a necessidade do reconhecimento e da inserção, no ensino, das histórias invisibilizadas da população negra a partir da experiência de mulheres, a exemplo da trajetória de Conceição Lopes, que impactaria no currículo da Educação Básica. Destarte, o capítulo baseia-se nos aportes teóricos entre a História Social e a História da Educação, dialogando com fontes documentais como jornais, impressos, fotografias, acervos particulares digitalizados e escrita memorialística regional através da metodologia de pesquisa documental, colocando em relação a micro-história com a abordagem biográfica. As reflexões teórico-metodológicas que fundamentam o capítulo têm apontado que a inserção da trajetória de mulheres negras protagonistas fortalece a identidade e luta contra o racismo estrutural que perpassa a Formação Inicial de professores e abarca o ensino na Educação Básica. A trajetória de Conceição Lopes evoca novas abordagens e metodologias de ensino antirracistas, interseccionais e revisa o conceito de intelectualidade negra.
Manejo da água de consumo humano em assentamento rural no município de Jequié-Bahia: um processo educativo-participativo
Authors: Magalhães Pollyana da Silva de , Lopes Rita de Cássia Souza de Queiros , Sousa Valdirene Santos Rocha
Published: December 2023

Este artigo trata da experiência de um projeto concebido na perspectiva da pesquisa-extensão e realizado em um assentamento rural, localizado na zona semiárida da Bahia. O projeto, de ação educativa, objetivou realizar o diagnóstico participativo do manejo da água armazenada em cisternas de polietileno, para o consumo humano, bem como, promover intervenções socioambientais com intuito de minimizar os problemas diagnosticados. Realizou-se aplicação de questionários, uso de mapas falantes, inspeção sanitária das cisternas e análise da qualidade de água. Os padrões de potabilidade e as formas de tratamento da água adotadas pelos assentados eram incompatíveis com o manejo adequado dos equipamentos de captação e armazenamento da água de chuva. Foram desenvolvidas ações de Educação Ambiental que visaram minimizar os problemas identificados.
A educação infantil e as relações étnico-raciais em Vitória da Conquista-BA: uma análise do Referencial Curricular e do projeto político pedagógico de um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil
Authors: Aragão Geisa Crístian Nascimento de , Santana José Valdir Jesus de , Araújo Fabiana Amorim , Silva Romilda Rodrigues da
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo, analisa-se de que forma o Referencial Curricular Municipal da Educação Infantil de Vitória da Conquista e o Projeto Político Pedagógico do CMEI Nilma Lino Gomes de Vitória da Conquista reconhecem, explicitam e orientam a construção de práticas pedagógicas antirracistas na educação infantil, em conformidade com a Lei n. 10.639/03. O corpus empírico, ou seja, o Projeto Político Pedagógico, o Referencial Curricular da educação infantil do município de Vitória da Conquista-BA e a entrevistas realizadas com as educadoras do CMEI em questão foram analisados tendo como suporte a técnica da análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2016). Observou-se que o PPP enfatiza o trabalho com projetos, contudo não deixa explicitado o trabalho com as relações étnico-raciais, nem sinalizam para práticas pedagógicas que visem a sua implementação. No que se refere à análise do Referencial Curricular Municipal de Educação Infantil, foi possível identificar alguns avanços, mas também um alinhamento com os pressupostos da Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC, fragilizando, dessa forma, o trato pedagógico/educativo das relações étnico-raciais na educação infantil.
Understanding the Barriers and Challenges Faced by The Women-preneurs of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Nawaz Sardar Muhammad , Napolano Eleonora , Batool Ealiya , Gul Kanwal , Mukhtar Bazla
Published: December 2023

In developing countries, like Pakistan, entrepreneurship has the potential to be a driving force for economic development, job creation, and societal transformation. Entrepreneurship education prepares people to see life's possibilities, produce creative ideas, and manage critical resources. Moreover, it provides people with the knowledge to launch and sustain new businesses with innovation. Women's empowerment via business may have a substantial influence on gender equality while also contributing to Pakistan's overall economic success. This research shed light on the key motives and challenges that women entrepreneurs face while starting and running enterprises in Pakistan. This research incorporates qualitative technique and semi-structured interviews that allows women entrepreneurs to honestly express their unique experiences. The study's findings center on familial support and personal freedom, with the latter appearing as the most prominent and major motivating force. Cultural limitations are a common and significant hurdle, with respondents indicating a desire to transcend society conventions that frequently impede their aspirations, making it difficult to balance their responsibilities in life. While these ladies are pleased with their accomplishments, they are dissatisfied with the lack of support.
This study recognizes a few drawbacks such as its concentration on a specific geographical location (Karachi) and a specific population (young women entrepreneurs). These limitations necessitate care when extrapolating the societalfindings in an extensive setting. Future study might broaden the scope to include a more varied population and investigate geographical variances. There are two outcomes for this research. It emphasizes the necessity of specialized support systems and programs meant to deal with the particular difficulties experienced by Pakistani women business owners. It also emphasizes how critical it is to advance cultural sensitivity and entrepreneurship education in order to create an atmosphere that is inspiring for prospective women business owners. The importance of this study is in its original approach to comprehending the driving forces and obstacles faced by Pakistani young women entrepreneurs.  Also, it contributes to the expanding corpus of information on entrepreneurship in developing nations b by uncovering their distinct problems and goals. It provides useful information to organizations, legislators, and educators that are proponent of women empowerment and encourage them to pursue entrepreneurship, which will eventually promote gender equality and economic progress.
Omore Omore – Reshaping the Brand Universe
Authors: Morah Dr. Ejindu Iwelu MacDonald , Qureshi Dr. Jawaid A. , Bukhari Dr. Syed Faheem Hasan , Salam Dr. Abdul
Published: December 2023

This case discusses key insights about the ice-cream industry in Pakistan and it focuses on the brand, Omore ice-cream, its demand and supply, consumers’ preferences and behavior, competition and war among the major rivals including local and global brands. It faced fierce competition from the market leader, Walls, owned by Unilever Pakistan. Omore is owned by Engro Foods company which later partnered and merged with Friesland Campina Netherlands and was renamed as Friesland Campina Engro Pakistan Limited (FCEPL). The major issue was declining brand performance, causing a dip in market share, especially in non-metropolitan areas, declining net profits or loss of PKR (955) million in 2019, and declining earnings per share for stockholders with a slight recovery in 2020.The data was garnered from primary and secondary sources. Nine interviews were taken, three each from industry experts, dealers, and consumers respectively. The data was analyzed and interpreted for a better understanding of the market dynamics and the core issue.
Determinants of Profitability and Risk-taking in Pakistani Commercial Banks: Dynamic GMM Approach
Authors: Zheng Changjun , Meer Shumaila , Nadeem Atif , Parveen Samina
Published: December 2023

The study used interest rate, exchange rate and banks size as variables of study. The panel data of 22 Pakistan commercial banks about2009 to 2020, STATA Panel Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and general methods of moments (GMM) estimator is used, and results indicate that in Pakistani banks management efficiency is has high power over shareholder to make profits and involve in risk taking projects. Bank size increase highlights better performance but and a disadvantage to use funds in investments for future growth. Diversification in banks is not a helpful factor to bring change in risk portfolios during financial crises. The liquidity inverse relation causes less availability of resource to boost financial performance and default lending result in credit risk. High proportion of assets utilized for personnel expense raise risk-taking ratio for operation in Pakistan. Banks should avoid the adverse selection of risks with proper performance policy, as to safeguard from hostile economic situations.
Effect of Digital Marketing Channels on Consumer Buying Intentions in FMCG Industry in Pakistan
Authors: Dr. Yuhao  , Haque Irfan Ul , Gul Amber
Published: December 2023

Digital marketing and Advertising are pivotal in increasing customer information and awareness towards products and services and engaging them in decision-making. Digital mediums are persuasive advertising mediums, and due to the advent of technology and innovation, digital marketing and advertising are important. For instance, YouTube is used as a persuasive medium for advertising and shapes consumer decisions toward purchase. This research is based on the post-positivism research paradigm, and it is quantitative.   For this purpose, the researcher used the questionnaires to collect data and performed hypothesis testing. The research was conducted based on FMCG product purchases and data collected from consumers of FMCG brands who are watching Digital advertising and are involved in purchase decisions. The data was collected through Google survey forms from the 385 respondents based on convenience sampling. The collected data was processed through Smart PLS and reliability tests, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results were analyzed based on reliability; the results are consistent, and more than 70% accuracy was found in data collection. All the variables, including Digital Advertising, use of social media, Content Marketing, Product appeal, and Digital Display, have a significant impact on mediating variable customer satisfaction and interaction and this significant impact on consumer buying intentions. One hypothesis is rejected as content marketing in this case in significant variables, and all variables are significant with mediating and moderating impacts on consumer buying decisions.
FOOD & MEDICINE
Authors:   Department of Chemistry at Mukuba University, Republic of Zambia., Amalorpavanaden Nicholas Daniel , N Radhika
Published: December 2023

Cultural practices are strongly ingrained in our choices about what to eat, how to eat, where to eat, and when to eat. Our strategies for coping and eating habits are intertwined. However, in certain situations, medication should not be substituted by food alone. Changes in food and lifestyle can prevent, treat, or even cure many illnesses, but many others cannot. A healthy diet can decrease disease risk. This book is designed to enhance our knowledge that the food we consume is medicine. Determines the botanical name, belongs to which family, and what type of plant, tree, and shrub it belongs to. Further, the book describes the concern topic with its varieties, chemical nature, nutritional value depending on mg or cup, major health benefits, if it is taken apart from the normal dose, what are all the side effects that occur, a summary of cultivation, which country is the largest producer in the world, and the diseases that attack that particular fruit, plant, tree, etc.
Effect of adjusting orientation for solar energy applications in multiple climatic zones
Authors: Yousuf Muhammad Uzair , Umair Muhammad , Rehan Muhammad , Umrani Zulfiqar Ali
Published: December 2023

South-facing collectors are the optimum choice for solar applications in the northern hemisphere. However, obstacles may limit the feasibility of this orientation. Therefore, altering the orientation of the collector impacts solar insolation. In this study, the Perez model is utilized to evaluate incoming solar radiation on tilted surfaces for solar collectors in four climatic zones across Pakistan. The results are presented in contour plots to analyze the optimal tilt and orientation for solar applications. The findings of the study indicate substantial energy gains when collectors are placed at optimum angles. More specifically, Quetta leads with a 14.54% increase, followed by Karachi and Multan at 9.81% and 9.3%, respectively, compared to horizontally placed collectors. Analysis of vertical surfaces reveals a notable decrease in monthly solar radiation, especially in Peshawar (37.22%). Monthly adjustments in tilt angles outperform fixed positions, enhancing solar energy intensity. When comparing yearly adjustments with monthly adjustments, Quetta shows the maximum increase of 5.92%, followed by Karachi (4.86%), Multan (4.01%), and Peshawar (3.65%). It is also observed that ±15° azimuth angle change from the south ensures receiving up to 98% of insolation, regardless of the climatic region. Lastly, the validation against the NASA SSE database further highlights the reliability of our simulation model. Overall, the outcomes of the study will contribute to informed solar energy planning in the studied regions.
Thermal analysis and efficiency enhancement of solar modified PV panels through organic PCM under climate conditions of Pakistan
Authors: Durez Asif , Sohail Muhammad Umer , Ali Muzaffar , Khan Umer Azeem
Published: December 2023

Passive cooling of photovoltaics (PV) using phase change materials (PCM) may be extremely effective owing to their enormous implicit specific heat. However, the low rate of heat transfer, high solar radiation, and ambient temperature drop its efficiency by 0.45%/ᵒC. Only such a small fraction of solar irradiance is turned into electrical energy by PV cells; most of the irradiation is transformed into heat; hence, cells start operating above ambient temperature. Therefore, the exterior heat of photovoltaic panels is controlled by applying artificial cooling to enhance their efficiency. The current research aims on the significant benefits of using PCM to reduce panel surface temperature in terms of boosting energy efficiency and maintaining thermal comfort. This study demonstrates a successful design of PV controlled-temperature module using phase change materials for hot climate, especially for south Asian regions. The surface temperature of solar panels has been reduced using computational analysis and experimental study on paraffin wax. In this work, Paraffin wax used, which reduced the panel surface temperature by 5-7ᵒC, generating a 29% increase of the modified PV panel relative efficiency compared to its standard value.
Post-earthquake fires: risk assessment and precautions
Authors: Gökşen Fulya , Takva Çağatay , Takva Yenal , İlerisoy Zeynep Yeşim
Published: December 2023

Earthquakes have great damage potential and importance in risk management and structural engineering, causing fires in buildings such as residences and commercial spaces. Post-earthquake fires (PEF) are secondary disasters that can cause material and moral destruction and loss of life. Similar to natural disasters, they show the time of occurrence and possible scenarios in places. This study aims to analyse and examine what precautions can be taken to prevent or minimize PEF through risk assessment. In this study, a literature review was conducted with the tracking method, focusing on examples from the world where the fires that occur as a secondary effect of the earthquake can cause devastating damages and significant disasters, and inferences are made by classifying the data obtained. Many factors, such as gas leaks due to earthquakes, cracks in pipelines, and short circuits in electrical installations, can cause fires. In addition, flammable liquid or combustible gas emissions and fire protection disturbances create significant fire hazards after earthquakes. In this paper, in which the causes and consequences of fires are analysed, risks, the evaluation process depending on the risks, the precautions that can be taken according to the situations that the risks will cause, and the models developed are emphasized. The research is a reference study with the expectation that there will be an increase in the number of studies examining experimental and physical PEF models.
Compositional analysis of dark colored particulates homogeneously emitted with combustion gases (dark plumes) from brick making kilns situated in the area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Iatizaz , Khan Naseer Ahmed , Syed Naveed Ul Hasan , Memom Najma , Habib Muddasar , Barki Khalid Mehmood
Published: December 2023

In Pakistan raw coal and a little quantity of waste plastics are burnt to sustain high temperature inside brick making kilns. The gaseous emissions of the kilns contain a considerable amount of darkish colored particulates. It is currently believed that the plastic burning produces these particulates. Advanced characterization instruments, such as a scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffractometer, surface area analyzer using nitrogen gas adsorption isotherms, and thermogravimetric analyzer, were used to find out the chemistry and physics of the particulates. At a magnification of 30,000x, the SEM picture shows masses that are roughly roundish in shape and their size is in between 0.1 to 0.5 microns. The elements detected in these particles are carbon, oxygen, and sulfur (EDS analysis), or in other words, these elements are a typical composition of raw coal. This elemental analysis suggest that fine coal particles come out with usual combustion gases and these emitted particulates are not plastic combustion product. To strengthen this finding, the sample when calcined discarded a significant amount of sulphur oxides species, as determined in the XRF study by noticing a considerable decrease of sulphur content in the calcined particles, suggesting that the particles are actually a coal. The N2 isotherm graph reveals that the light weight flying coal particles has a very low surface area. Additionally, the XRD and TGA studies supports the conclusion that these dark colored particulate emissions are primarily fine coal particles (cenosphere).
Fabrication of low-cost and environmental-friendly EHD printable thin film nanocomposite triboelectric nanogenerator using household recyclable materials
Authors: Memon Muzamil Hussain , Mustafa Maria , Ali Zeeshan
Published: December 2023

Humans generate massive amounts of plastic and electronic waste, which pollute our environment, particularly our water supplies, and cause fatal difficulties. In addition, the increased use of fossil fuels is wreaking havoc on the ecosystem. In order to solve these issues, we describe a simple, low-cost, and environmentally-friendly triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) made of electronic waste and recycled plastic, and we add nanomaterial to improve power generation using biomechanical energy. The present investigation involves synthesizing carbon dots (CDs) nano-material through a single-step hydrothermal technique and CDs nano-material characterized via UV.Vis Spectroscopy. The proposed carbon dot-graphite nano composite-based TENGs (CGC-TENGs) are created by reusing dry cells (electronic waste) to obtain graphite, plastic bottles to obtain plastic, and synthesized CDs. CGC-TENGs manufactures a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly In-house quick and bulk fabrication printed electro hydrodynamics (EHD) electrospray process that uses less solvent and does not require specialist equipment or knowledge. Comparing fabricate TENG device results, in which CDs used produced high voltage (127.31 V)/current (107.12 μA), while not using CDs produced low voltage (95.23 V)/current (104.12 μA) at similar fabrication parameters, the size of the devices are 4.5 cm × 7 cm, and 15 N force applied. The CGC-TENG (δ) has maximum output performance and is thoroughly investigated using an open-circuit voltage of 171.30 V, a short circuit current of 111.39 μA, and a maximum output power density of 53.08 μW/cm2. CGC-TENG (δ) was used to power an electronic glucose monitoring device, and twenty-three blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to demonstrate its practical applications. The approach we propose produces renewable energy sources by reutilizing plastic waste and technological waste, providing a practical and sustainable path toward our goal of creating a green planet.
Sustainable natural dyeing of cellulose with agricultural medicinal plant waste, new shades development with nontoxic sustainable elements
Authors: Almas Rabia , Ali Rind Nadir , Jhatial Abdul khaliq
Published: December 2023

The synthetic dyes used in textile industry cause severe health and environmental problems. Since production of these colors includes a noteworthy quantity of energy, water, and poisonous chemicals. Therefore, natural dyes from waste provide a significant source of study for the extraction of pigments. To use these natural dyes to its full extent, researchers used mordants to change the hue of the same natural dye and to get a range of shades from same source. Nonetheless, these mordants are toxic in nature. Therefore, to address this issue, in the present study, sustainable and environment friendly natural ingredients are studied to change the hue of the natural cutch dye. The results revealed that these natural ingredients can successfully developed new shades from the same natural dye without any negative effect on the fastness properties of the dyed cotton fabric.
A novel approach to intrusion detection using zero-shot learning hybrid partial labels
Authors: Raza Syed Atir , Shaikh Mehwish , Akhtar Raybal , Anwar Aqsa
Published: December 2023

Computer networks have become the backbone of our interconnected world in today's technologically driven landscape. Unauthorized access or malicious activity carried out by threat actors to acquire control of network resources, exploit vulnerabilities, or undermine system integrity are examples of network intrusion. ZSL(Zero-Shot Learning) is a machine learning paradigm that addresses the problem of detecting and categorizing objects or concepts that were not present in the training data. . Traditional supervised learning algorithms for intrusion detection frequently struggle with insufficient labeled data and may struggle to adapt to unexpected assault patterns. In this article We have proposed a unique zero-shot learning hybrid partial label model suited to a large image-based network intrusion dataset to overcome these difficulties. The core contribution of this study is the creation and successful implementation of a novel zero-shot learning hybrid partial label model for network intrusion detection, which has a remarkable accuracy of 99.12%. The suggested system lays the groundwork for future study into other feature selection techniques and the performance of other machine learning classifiers on larger datasets. Such research can advance the state-of-the-art in intrusion detection and improve our ability to detect and prevent the network attacks. We hope that our research will spur additional research and innovation in this critical area of cybersecurity.
Simulation-based thermal analysis and validation of clothed thermal manikin
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Naveed Tayyab , Hussain Fiaz , Malik Samander Ali , Farooq Assad , Krzywinski Sybille
Published: December 2023

Human thermal comfort within various environmental conditions is of paramount importance in a wide range of industries, including clothing design, indoor climate control, and occupational safety. Researchers are always in search the sophisticated tools and techniques that simulate the thermal regulation of human body under different environmental conditions. The present research aims to present a precise methodology for the simulation of clothed thermal manikin in controlled environmental conditions. A comprehensive method is recommended that consists of the use of 3D body scanning technology, different 2D and 3D CAD as well as thermal simulation software. The results of the simulations are very satisfactory, which are later validated with the wear trials with the help of the same clothed thermal manikin and under the same environmental conditions. The comparative analysis shows some deviations that are discussed thoroughly and the need for further research is highlighted in the papers as well. Furthermore, the present research gives us a digital platform to understand the clothing's thermal comfort and the parameters that affect it with the consideration of the draping behavior of the clothing, microclimate, thermal properties, and surrounding environmental conditions.
Modified Method of PAPR Reduction Using Clipping and Filtering for Image Transmission with OFDM
Authors: Hassan Ghassan Muslim , Mukred Muaadh , Gumaei Abdu Hasan
Published: December 2023

Due to the capability of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) to handle difficult channels, the most agreeable modulation for the multi-carrier scheme in present wireless communications is to improve an all-purpose modulation scheme, especially with high data rates. The image in this research article was transmitted and received on a noisy channel using an OFDM simulation technique. Since the average peak power ratio (PAPR) is one of the main disadvantages of OFDM, a new method has been proposed to reduce the PAPR using the clipping and filtering (CF) method. When the OFDM signal has a high PAPR, it means that many subcarrier components will be added through the operation of IFFT. Also, choosing the type of modulation to examine and getting a perfect type of OFDM system that is used for transmitting the image. Furthermore, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was considered to find the PAPR effect on the OFDM signal. The new method was tested to get a reduction of PAPR concerning CF and without CF. This method depends on clipping the signal before transmitting it, by using a method to overcome a nonlinear distortion, and therefore, decrease the bit error rate (BER). Then a filter with multi-stages was used to minimize the noise. This whole process was repeated several times to overcome the difficulties of transmitting/receiving the signal including PAPR. BER and SNR show wonderful outcomes when BPSK is chosen. Control over transmission and reception is also considered to be the type of modulation. All simulation results were defined using an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel.
Investigation of The Histopathological and Histometric Changes in Rectum Tissue Biopsies of Hirschsprung and Non-Hirschsprung Disease in Neonate and Infant
Authors: Hussein Rusul A. Abdul , AL-Sharqi Sahar A. H. , Joda Ali E. , Sharba Zaid
Published: December 2023

Hirschsprung disease is one of the most common and problematic infancy and childhood maladies. The most reliable method for diagnosis is the histopathological analysis of colorectal biopsies and the typical finding of Hirschsprung disease is the absence of ganglion cells. The study involved 36 cases of suspected Hirschsprung disease, in which 27 cases were males and 9 cases were females with an age range between (1 day - 1 year). All patients undergo complete history taking, physical examination, radiological investigations, and rectal biopsy. The tissue specimens were obtained from the rectum of neonate and infant patients, maintained in the fixative solution (formalin 10%) for histopathological analysis, and patients were divided into two groups (Hirschsprung disease and non-Hirschsprung disease group) according to histological findings. Statistical analysis was performed on the tabulated data by chi-square, and the automated computer-adopted image analysis program Image J® was utilized for the histometrical examination of rectum tissue. The Hirschsprung disease is more common in males than females. The delayed passage of meconium is the most common symptom of these diseases. We notice that there is a significant difference between the Hirschsprung disease group and the non-Hirschsprung disease group in clinical signs, empty rectum, tight anal sphincter on per rectal examination. Based on histopathology analysis of the rectal biopsy, out of the 36 cases, 27(75%) cases were diagnosed as Hirschsprung disease, and 9 (25%) cases as negative for Hirschsprung disease. In Histometric study of rectal biopsies tissues showed a significant difference in the mucosa, Submucosa, and muscularis externa between Hirschsprung disease and non-Hirschsprung disease patients.
Using Local Search Methods for Solving Two Multi-Criteria Machine Scheduling Problems
Authors: Yousif Safanah Faisal , Ali Faez Hassan , Alshaikhli Karrar Fatah
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we have improved solutions for two of the Multi-Criteria Machine Scheduling Problems (MCMSP). These problems are to maximize early jobs time and range of lateness jobs times (1//(E_max,R_L ), and the second problem is maximum tardy jobs time and range of lateness jobs times (1//(T_max,R_L ) in a single machine with Multi-Objective Machine Scheduling Problems (MOMSP) 1//(E_max+R_L )  and 1//(T_max+R_L ) which are derived from the main problems respectively. The Local Search Methods (LSMs), Bees Algorithm (BA), and a Simulated Annealing (SA) are applied to solve all suggested problems. Finally, the experimental results of the LSMs are compared with the results of the Branch and Bound (BAB) method for a reasonable time. These results are ensuring the efficiency of LSMs.
Smart shirt and carpet for annotating child behaviour in autism research
Authors: Nadeem Ali , Palovuori Karri , Kylliäinen Anneli , Helminen Terhi , Virkki Johanna
Published: December 2023

This study presents a developmental solution for annotating events, eye-contact, in live interaction scenarios, such as autism research. The approach involves prototyping infrared light emitting diodes (IR LEDs) integrated into both a smart shirt and smart carpets. Leveraging the imperceptibility of IR LEDs to the human eye ensures minimal disturbance to the individuals under surveillance. During video analysis, researchers can identify instances of eye-contact through the activation of IR LEDs, aiding in the recognition of corresponding events. The prototyped smart shirt features a necklace-type design with embedded IR LEDs, while two distinct designs of smart carpets incorporate IR LEDs at varying vision angles and positions.
Validation of the prototypes includes laboratory testing and real-world evaluations with the researchers. The assessment encompasses the observation of IR LEDs on the smart shirt and carpets from diverse perspectives, evaluating their light intensity, and assessing their operational synchronization. The findings contribute to the advancement of technology-assisted methodologies in capturing and analyzing interpersonal interactions, particularly in the context of autism research.
The challenges of developing a textile-based device for recognizing swallowing movements during different swallowing tasks
Authors: Ihalainen Tiina , Törmä Saara , Sipilä Erja , Palovuori Karri , Vuohijoki Tiina , Virkki Johanna
Published: December 2023

Swallowing difficulty, also known as dysphagia, is a fairly common symptom that may lead to malnutrition, dehydration, pulmonary complications, and a reduced quality of life. Currently, a swallowing evaluation requires a hospital environment, skilled personnel, and expensive devices. Thus, it is important to develop a successful method for evaluating swallowing in an everyday environment. This study developed a textile-based solution that resembles a neck gaiter. Wireless accelerometer and gyroscope sensors embedded inside the gaiter were used to detect swallowing movements. The recognition of swallows was achieved through cervical auscultation and video footage, and this data was subsequently compared with the information obtained from wireless accelerometer and gyroscope sensors. Based on the measurement results for 17 adults without dysphagia, the developed neck gaiter can identify individual swallows of 5 sips of water (with a 97 % identification success rate) and consecutive swallows of 100 ml of water (98 % identification success rate). However, we were not able to recognize swallowing movements from speaking, chewing and head movements. Future research is now needed to develop a prototype to differentiate swallowing movements from other movements, such as chewing and speaking.
Bir Güç Türbini Kanatçığında Akışkan Yapı Etkileşimi Analizi Kullanımı Metodolojisi
Authors: ALTUN Özge , MADENOĞLU Görkem
Published: December 2023

Akışkan Yapı Etkileşimini (AYE) içeren problemlerle pek çok mühendislik alanında karşılaşılmasına rağmen bu alanda yapılan çalışmalar uzun bir geçmişe sahip değildir ve sınırlıdır. AYE analizleri yüksek basınç ve sıcaklık ile mekanik ve termal yüklerin fazla olduğu jet motorlarına ait parçalar için etkin bir şekilde avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada literatürde yer alan AYE çalışmalarına yer verilmiş ve günümüz jet motor parçalarının tasarımı esnasında uygulanabilecek AYE analizleri metodolojisi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. AYE analizlerinde kullanılan temel denklemler anlatılmış, tek yönlü, çift yönlü, sıkı ve gevşek bağlı AYE analiz yapıları, kullanım yerleri ve algoritmaları detaylı olarak ele alınmıştır. Jet motorlarında veya farklı mühendislik alanlarında AYE analizlerini kullanacak bilimsel çalışmalara yönelik hangi yöntemlerin daha avantajlı olduğu hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yüksek maliyetli deneysel çalışmalar ve testlerden önce; zaman, iş gücü ve ekonomik tasarruf sağlayan AYE analizlerinin kullanımının önemi vurgulanmıştır.
BİR BOYUTLU SANAL DOKU ORTAMINDAKİ SICAKLIK DEĞİŞİMİNİN UÇUŞ ZAMANI YÖNTEMİ İLE HESAPLANMASI
Authors: UYĞUN Mustafa , KÜÇÜKA Serhan
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada bilgisayar ortamında akustik fantom oluşturulmuş ve fantom üzerinde iki farklı

sıcaklık dağılımı için akustik simülasyon gerçekleştirilmiştir. İki farklı sıcaklık dağılımı için

elde edilen dönüş sinyallerine çapraz korelasyon uygulanarak yerel noktalardaki zaman

kaymaları hesaplanmıştır. Zaman kayması vektörünün eksenel eğimlerinin doku sabiti ile

çarpılmasıyla her noktadaki sıcaklık değişimi hesaplanmıştır. Sıcaklık tahmininde, analiz

sonucunda bulunan zaman kaymalarının yatay eksene göre eğimlerinin bulunması için geri fark

yöntemi ve doğru uydurma yöntemi kullanılmış ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Sıcaklık dağılımı

ilk durumda doku 37°C’de üniform sıcaklıkta ve ikinci durumda doku merkezi 45°C ve

etrafında çan eğrisi yaparak azalan şekilde tanımlanmıştır. Sıcaklık ölçümündeki maksimum

sapmaların, geri fark yönteminde 1.99°C, doğru uydurma yönteminde 0.75°C olduğu ve

kullanılan modelin tek boyutlu uygulamada yeterli olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile birlikte

ileride yapılacak çok boyutlu simülasyon ve deneysel çalışmalar için taban oluşturulmuştur.
Time Series Analysis Methodology for Damage Detection in Civil Structures
Authors: GÜNEŞ Burcu , GÜNEŞ Oğuz
Published: December 2023

Structural health monitoring (SHM) methodologies employing data-driven techniques are becoming increasingly popular for detection of structural damage at the earliest stage possible. With measured vibration signals from the structure, time series modeling methods provide quantitative means for extracting such features that can be utilized for damage diagnosis. In this study, one-step prediction error of an autoregressive (AR) model over a data set is used as damage indicator. In particular, the difference between the prediction of the AR model that is fit to the measured acceleration signal obtained from the intact structure and actual measured signals collected for different damage states of the structure are interrogated for diagnosis purposes. More specifically, the standard deviation of the residual error is employed to locate the damaged region. Singular-value decomposition (SVD) is employed to find the optimal order for an AR model created using the impulse responses of the system. Numerical simulations are carried out using the impulse responses acquired from a four-story frame structure contaminated with additive noise including single and multiple damaged elements. The results of the simulations demonstrate that the method can be effectively employed to detect and locate damage. The performance of the proposed procedure are further demonstrated using the impact data acquired from a reinforced concrete frame for real applications.
Hieromonk Smaragd (Troitsky) and his Sermon: the Fate of the “Muravyovite without Muravyov”
Authors: Makarkin Alexey
Published: December 2023

Hieromonk Smaragd (Troitsky, 1836–1886) was a prominent fi gure of the Orthodox Church in Lithuania and a supporter of the political course of Count M.N. Muravyov. His sermon, delivered in 1868, was a challenge to the «conciliatory» policy of the governor-general A.L. Potapov, who revised the course of M.N. Muravyov. This contributed to the actual expulsion of Smaragd to St. Petersburg at the command of Alexander II, who ordered not to return the hieromonk to Vilna. Only after 17 years Smaragd was actually rehabilitated and appointed vicar bishop in the Vilna diocese. But by that time he was seriously ill and soon died. Smaragd’s fate demonstrated the vulnerability to administrative arbitrariness not only of opponents of the monarchy, but also of its staunch supporters who publicly defended their views. However, the sanctions against them were considerably less severe than against revolutionaries, as the story of Smaragd showed. But because of their sincere loyalty to the state, the persecutions were perceived quite emotionally, as clear injustice
M.N. Muravyov and “Potapovshchina’: an Attempt at Oblivion
Authors: Bendin Alexander
Published: December 2023

In the article the author examines the main directions of Vilna Governor General M.N. Muravyov’s activity in the years of 1863 – 1865. He pays special attention to the issues of national and social liberation of Western Russian peasants in the context of the reconquista and Russian North-Western territories decolonization. He also examines ideological changes of Russian society under the impact of the Polish uprising. He attempts to offer comparative analysis of Muravyov’s phenomenon and that of the so-called “Potapovshchina” in connection of the fi rst experience of the forced oblivion of the Vilna Governor General’s name and work.
M.N. Muravyov’s Administrative Reform in the Ministry of State Properties (1859–1861)
Authors: Voronov Ivan
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the reorganization of the Ministry of State Properties in 1859–1861 resulting from a series of transformations, united by the concept of M.N. Muravyov’s administrative reforms. In the context of the preparations for the serfdom abolition, previously unknown aspects of administrative reform are revealed, clarifi ed and rethought. The author identifi es three stages of administrative reform of the Ministry of State Properties. The fi rst stage included reorganization of the internal structure of the department, such as amalgamation of the Second and Agriculture departments. The second stage involved disposal of non-core structures, such as the Department of Ship Scaffolding, and reorganization of the Forestry Department. The third stage envisaged separation of the departments of the Second and Agriculture. The author pays particular attention to the attitude towards the reform of the department's bureaucracy, the liquidation of the Ship's Scaffolding Department and the transformation of the Forestry Department.
Projects of M.N. Muravyov in the Committee of Western Provinces
Authors: Khoteev Aleksey
Published: December 2023

To study the Russian Empire internal policy in the Belarusian-Lithuanian provinces, it is important to consider a set of measures for their internal rapprochement with central Russia, proposed by the Grodno governor M.N. Muravyov in 1831–1832. The fate of his projects, considered in a special advisory body – the Committee of Western Provinces, showed the existence of two different approaches to calming the region, agitated by the recent Polish uprising. The “radical” system of M.N. Muravyov and the “pragmatic” system of actions of the Committee could not be fully coordinated with each other. In the article the author offers systematization of the measures proposed by the Grodno governor and their objective assessment.
“Light of Clarity”: M.N. Muravyov and His Project of the Provincial Governments Reform
Authors: Mogilevskii Nikolay
Published: December 2023

The article examines the project of the reform of provincial government and, in general, the local government system, proposed by M.N. Muravyov in 1843. Summarizing his rich gubernatorial experience, Muravyov saw the reason for the slowness and ineffective work of provincial boards in the excessive bureaucratization of their work, the huge fl ow of papers, as well as the loss of control and audit functions in relation to lower departments. The methods proposed by Muravyov for solving those problems can be reduced to three main principles: 1) It is necessary to establish fast and effi cient clerical work; 2) The provincial administration is obliged to exercise vigilant and strict control over both the progress of “paper work” and the offi cials themselves, promptly punishing them for slowness; 3) In order for the bureaucratic machine to work smoothly and without failures, strict administrative centralization is necessary. Muravyov's proposals, however, were not heard, and the reform of provincial governments carried out in 1845, failed to overcome the old systemic vices