bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Servant Versus Authentic Leadership
Authors: Ling Qian , Liu Fang , Wu Xiaoyi
Published: April 2016

This study compares the effectiveness of servant versus authentic leadership in hospitality firms by examining relationships with group-level trust and individual-level work outcomes (i.e., organizational commitment, work engagement, and work performance), and their influencing mechanisms through trust climate. Using two-wave data from 1,132 employee–supervisor pairs from 80 departments in 16 star-level hotels in China, we find that these two forms of leadership have positive effects on group trust climate and employee work outcomes; however, the magnitudes and paths of their effects are distinct. In comparison with authentic leadership, servant leadership has a more significant effect on creating a trust climate and a more direct effect regarding increasing employees’ positive work attitudes (i.e., organizational commitment and work engagement), ultimately influencing work performance. This study also demonstrates the importance of group trust climate in relationships between group-level leadership and individual-level employee work attitudes and performance. These findings extend the scope of servant and authentic leadership research, and advocate servant leadership in the hospitality industry.
A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words
Authors: Scarbrough Amanda W. , Hill Jack , Wichan Panupong
Published: April 2016

Teaching students about the intricacies of how social determinants of health (SDOH) influence individual and community health requires instructor creativity. This article offers an innovative strategy for engaging millennials, those born after 1982, in learning about the SDOH. The teaching approach uses engaging techniques, community engagement, and graphic information systems to reach students. This activity is best facilitated through four different sessions: (1) class session: introduction and explanation of SDOH; (2) small group discussions; (3) homework assignment: students physically collect and store the primary data and the instructor assimilates the data and creates a map; and (4) class session: visual analysis and discussion of data and resulting maps. At the end of the implementation of this teaching strategy, students should be able to list and describe each of the SDOH; collect, record, and classify primary data (e.g., address, photograph, service type) on physical assets that both positively and negatively contribute to individual health in a specific community; and evaluate and discuss how geographic location of resources influences individual health.
Emotional Intelligence and Public Health Education
Authors: Johnson Debbi R.
Published: April 2016

Emotional intelligence (EI) is an ability that is crucial to the field of Public Health due to the fact that it encompasses the practitioner’s ability to communicate professionally, show empathy, obtain patient compliance, and promote sustainable lifestyle changes in communities. This study seeks to evaluate a graduate Public Health program in order to determine what cross-competencies might exist between EI and program objectives, what EI development might currently exist, whether EI exists explicitly or indirectly, and what the attitudes of stakeholders are regarding EI and its importance to the field of Public Health. The information gathered makes it possible to formulate recommendations to further incorporate EI-building activities into a Master of Public Health program. Results of the study show a direct correlation between Public Health and EI competencies, which makes it an ideal program in which to integrate further training. Recommendations for future development of EI in the program include the incorporation of training into the existing new student orientation week, the addition of case studies into the courses most naturally related to EI-building, the provision of training seminars for faculty, the inclusion of an advanced seminar for students on a voluntary basis, and the evaluation of the program using both a self-report EI questionnaire and the Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test at the beginning and end of each term to track program effectiveness in the long term.
Europe and Its Seas in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Nordenman Magnus
Published: April 2016

While Europe is normally viewed through the prism of the great Eurasian landmass, the continent is absolutely dependent on the global maritime domain for commerce, resources, energy extraction, and security. Today Europe faces a number of maritime challenges, ranging from uncontrolled immigration across the Mediterranean to a newly assertive Russia that expresses its ambitions at sea. Europe has so far not formulated a comprehensive approach to the maritime domain and has responded to challenges in a reactionary fashion. Europe must now, however, devise strategies and approaches that can help safeguard European interests at sea.
Advances in understanding – genetic basis of intellectual disability
Authors: Chiurazzi Pietro , Pirozzi Filomena
Published: April 2016

Intellectual disability is the most common developmental disorder characterized by a congenital limitation in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. It often co-occurs with other mental conditions like attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder, and can be part of a malformation syndrome that affects other organs. Considering the heterogeneity of its causes (environmental and genetic), its frequency worldwide varies greatly. This review focuses on known genes underlying (syndromic and non-syndromic) intellectual disability, it provides a succinct analysis of their Gene Ontology, and it suggests the use of transcriptional profiling for the prioritization of candidate genes.
LEADERSHIP AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY: RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN RESEARCHES
Authors: Комлева  , Komleva Valentina
Published: April 2016

Events of recent years have shown the importance of the individual political leaders in choosing the ways and models of development of different societies, the ability to successful governance. The article investigates the political leadership and its role and place in the sustainable development of society, domestic and foreign theories and approaches to the study of this phenomenon are analyzed. The author discusses features, problems and trends in the study of political leadership, which is understood as the political capital of the company in most modern Western research, as a condition of its successful development; and a political leader (in terms of importance for the sustainable development of society) as a significant person of the political process, to make political decisions, exercising public political activity, function integration and consolidation of the social forces that specifies the activity of state and / or public institutions, political movements to influence policy situation. The research results suggest that the specificity of the present stage of the study of political leadership is to increase the attention of scientists to the subject of the crisis of political leadership, the needs of leaders by modern society who influence the members of society positively, develop the state effectively.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF MODERN RUSSIA
Authors: Мельникова  , Melnikova Raisa
Published: April 2016

The article discusses issues related to referring of local government to the institutions of civil society and its role and place in modern political system of Russia in the context of the study of the principle of democracy at the municipal level.

The author proves that in the context of political modernization, the local government and its reform should be viewed not only as economic and technological transformations in the local municipal areas of the state, but as an actor of political reforms, set up in modern political processes.
MANAGEMENT OF LABOR POTENTIAL OF SELF-REGULATORY ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Гришакова  , Grishakova Elena
Published: April 2016

The article is devoted to the problems of managing labor potential of self-regulatory organizations. The author structures the social factors that influence the labor potential of the staff; some measures are proposed that could stimulate the implementation of self-regulatory organizations when creating optimal conditions in the building of management systems of labor potential.

The author proves the need for a single information resource, which is an information platform for the placement of monitoring the activities of all registered self-regulatory organizations, and by allowing on-line tools to generate a feedback rating system and scales of assessment of their activities.
FINANCIAL MOTIVATION AS INEFFICIENT SOCIAL TECHNOLOGY IN STIMULATING PUBLIC MANAGERS
Authors: Савчук  , Savchuk Dmitriy
Published: April 2016

The article presents an analysis of the use of social technology of material motivation in the process of formation of managers by state. The general issues of public policy in the field of formation of staff are examined.

The research is done by using a range of methods: analysis of data of Federal State Statistics Ministry of Education and Science, Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation; analysis of legal documents governing these problems. The result of the research work is the analysis of correlation of social technologies used for different kinds of motivation of managerial staff of government. Application of research results is possible in the development of the unified concept of public policy aimed at the formation of staff potential of government. The main conclusions are the following: the use of material incentives to administrative staff does not give the desired effect. In addition to financial and other types of motivation, it is necessary to regulate the process of career growth of senior management strictly.
INDEX ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Батанина  , Batanina Irina , Проказина  , Prokazina Natalya , Малахова  , Malakhova Oksana
Published: April 2016

In the article on the basis of studying the most known research projects realized in the sphere of civil society, the conclusion is made about the need of receiving reliable data of the condition of civil society in Russia according to the optimum combination of quantitative and qualitative indicators. Authors came to the conclusion that there is a need of inclusion of the Russian researchers in the most significant projects. The authors came to the conclusion about the need of inclusion of the Russian researchers in the most significant international projects with the purpose of implementation of annual monitoring of the condition of civil society in Russia, and also carrying out high-quality regional researches in the sphere of civil society.
RESTRICTIONS ON RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS OF A MAN AND A CITIZEN IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AS A MEANS OF DEFENSE OF CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER
Authors: Болотин  , Bolotin Vladimir , Паньков  , Pankov Sergey
Published: April 2016

In the article the need of reasonable restriction of human rights and freedoms in modern conditions of increase of various threats for the constitutional system of Russia is shown; the results of modern research in this area, as well as the position of the European Court of Human Rights, the Constitutional Court of Russia, Supreme Court of the Russian Federation are revealed. Defined The system of restrictions, acting legal instrument for the protection of the constitutional order, the conditions and criteria for the limitation of rights and freedoms .
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AS AN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Коптева  , Kopteva Zhanna , Варфоломеев  , Varfolomeev Aleksandr
Published: April 2016

Nowadays changes in economic conditions of functioning of Russian companies have led to a need to introduce an innovative approach to personnel management. The article discusses the main directions of building an effective system of innovative human resource management through the application of technologies of Human Resource Management. Creating a supportive atmosphere of innovation involves identifying the factors that influence the process of introducing innovations in the organization, which HR-managers should consider in their work with the staff. Based on the results obtained during the study, there are the following groups of factors: political; legal; organizational and economic; social and psychological; technical. The classification of the main functions of HR-managers is presented in detail in the article and an algorithm for constructing a corporate personnel training system using PESTEL analysis is given. The introduction of any innovation in the organization as a consequence requires training and development of staff. Innovative personnel management system will help to build a competent and efficient work of employees and improve communication within the organization, which in its turn, will have a positive impact on revenues and profitability of the company.
TRANSFORMATION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AS AN ORGANIZATION OF EFFECTIVE INTERACTION OF GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY IN CONDITIONS OF INFORMATIZATION
Authors: Данилова  , Danilova Nataliya
Published: April 2016

Today there is a growing understanding that the use of ICT in public administration is not just automation of individual functions and business processes. That is about substantial reorganization of the work of relevant organizations on the basis of information and communication technologies, leading to new quality of public services, development of new forms of democracy. The article discusses the problems and prospects of the implementation of information and communication technologies in the interaction of government and society.
ECONOMIC GROWTH IN LOW-TECH AND MEDIUM-TECH INDUSTRIES OF THE CROSS-BORDER REGION «BLACK SEA»: LAWS AND PROBLEMS
Authors: Мурава-Середа  , Murava-Sereda Aurika , Цёхла  , Tsekhla Svetlana , Павленко  , Pavlenko Irina
Published: April 2016

In the reseach the aprobation of proposed method is done based on the data of the cross-border region «Black Sea» by performing a comprehensive analysis of development of tourist and recreational complex ethnic regions, in the context of innovation development and clustering of economy. The first description of the innovation and clustering economic growth in the tourism industry of the cross-border region is presented. It was found that the growth of the cross-border region "Black Sea" is almost not associated with clustering and innovative development of the tourism industry of the cross-border region "Black Sea", but at the same time there is an absolute relationship with the level of employment in high-tech and medium-tech sectors of high level (0,91); positive relationship with population density (0,73), with business spending on science per capita (0,74), with government spending on science per capita (0,72).
INDICATORS OF THE ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF MASTER PREPARATION: PROBLEM OF THE CHOICE OF PRIORITIES
Authors: Строева  , Stroeva Olesya
Published: April 2016

Development of educational system is one of the priorities of state policy of Russia. Ensuring the high quality of education, its compliance to today´s and tomorrow´s requirements – both economic, and social ones – sets for higher education institutions some tasks of updating the contents and techniques of preparation, strengthening of ties with employers. To improve the level system of higher education educational standards became the quality control tool of graduates’ knowledge; new stantards are aimed at training specialists in demand economy. This article describes the indicators for assessing the quality of master´s training, which are represented by four units (the main (basic); auxiliary; showing results of master students (achievements); optional).
Motives and effects of the initial public offerings on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Sosnowski Tomasz
Published: April 2016

This paper empirically investigates the links between the motives for going public and changes in the market value and efficiency of new stock companies. Using a sample of 200 firms from Warsaw Stock Exchange between 2005 and 2012 I find that the principal purpose of initial public offering is raising additional capital by the company but divestment grounds of initial shareholders are also important. I find evidence that the sale of secondary shares in the initial public offering may be seen as a negative signal at aftermarket performance of the firm. The data reveal that the most adverse long-term changes in the market value and business efficiency are observed for those companies, where in the initial public offering both primary and secondary shares were sold.
Personal reflection: Going through the revalidation pilot
Authors: Smart Mark
Published: April 2016

Mark Smart is a dual-registered nurse and midwife, who works on a busy labour ward at a hospital in Wales. He took part in the revalidation pilot in 2015.
Successful tissue donation in the anencephalic baby
Authors: Tun Diana , Amin Allison , Fisher Jayne
Published: April 2016

Anencephaly is a rare phenomenon, occurring in 4.7/10 000 births, which results from failure of primary neural tube closure during fetal development ( Collins et al, 2013 ). It is a lethal condition comprising absence of skull bones, forebrain and upper brainstem. The cranial neural tissue is exposed ( Tasker et al, 2013 ). The aetiology of this condition is unknown ( Stumpf et al, 1990 ). Many congenital defects are now diagnosed by antenatal diagnosis as early as 11 weeks' gestation ( Sadler, 2012 ). A severe lesion, such as that found in the two cases reported in this article, is incompatible with life. This article reports on two consecutive cases of anencephaly at the same hospital, in which both sets of parents independently wished to continue their pregnancies till term in order to provide tissue donation, primarily heart valves. The donation of other organs may be considered in cases of anencephaly, although this is not always possible.
What is traumatic birth? A concept analysis and literature review
Authors: Greenfield Mari , Jomeen Julie , Glover Lesley
Published: April 2016

Background:

A number of women experience childbirth as traumatic. This experience can have enduring and potentially lifelong effects on both mental and physical health, and have implications for the woman's relationship with her baby, partner and family. It can also have implications for future decisions about pregnancy and birth. However, the meaning of the term ‘traumatic birth’ remains poorly defined. Clear understanding of the concept is critical to better underpin understanding and effectively evaluate women's experiences.

Objective:

To review the literature pertaining to ‘traumatic birth’ and produce a definition of the concept.

Methods:

The concept analysis framework of Walker and Avant (2011) was used. Electronic bibliographic databases CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO and Cochrane were searched to find papers written in English and dated 1998–2015. From a narrative literature review, the defining attributes were ascertained, and model, borderline, related, contrary, invented and illegitimate cases were constructed. The antecedents and consequences were then identified and empirical referents determined.

Findings:

The apparent attributes of ‘traumatic birth’ are that a baby has emerged from the body of its mother at a gestation where survival was possible. This birth has involved events and/or care that have caused deep distress or disturbance to the mother, and the distress has outlived the immediate experience.

Conclusions:

‘Traumatic birth’ is a complex concept which is used to describe a series of related experiences of, and negative psychological responses to, childbirth. Physical trauma in the form of injury to the baby or mother may be involved, but is not a necessary condition.
Postpartum morbidities in Iranian women 5 years after childbirth: A longitudinal study
Authors: Rouhi Maryam , Vizheh Maryam , Rouhi Leila , Esmaili Hossein , Vaziri Leila , Gherekhlou Zeynab Fathi
Published: April 2016

Background:

Awareness about the extent of maternal physical and emotional health problems after childbirth is increasing, but few longitudinal studies have been published.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to describe changes in the prevalence of maternal health problems in the 5 years after birth and their association with parity.

Methods:

A population-based cohort study was conducted in Mahabad, a city in the West Azerbaijan province of Iran. The study population comprised women who visited public health-care centres for routine antenatal care from May 2009 to September 2013.

Findings:

Based on a sample size analysis, 311 women were recruited to the study. Over the 5-year period, 32 participants were lost to follow-up, with a total of 279 participants completing all five stages of the research. Overall, the majority (94%) of postpartum morbidities did not resolve within the first week, and 26% of participants reported experiencing issues 5 years postpartum. Adjusting for the method of birth, primiparous women were more likely than multiparous women to report fatigue at all stages, and sexual problems were most frequently reported by multiparous women.

Conclusions:

Health problems commonly occurred after childbirth, with some resolution over the 5 years after childbirth. Important differences in prevalence of postpartum morbidities were evident when parity was considered.
Barriers to sexual and reproductive health care for refugee and asylum-seeking women
Authors: Sudbury Harriet , Robinson Ann
Published: April 2016

Refugee and asylum-seeking women in the UK are socially, physically and psychologically vulnerable, owing to their past experiences and current circumstances. They may have a range of social and sexual health needs, which may include suffering from the consequences of sexual violence, female genital mutilation or sexually transmitted infections due to inadequate contraceptive use. These women are often prevented or discouraged from accessing sexual and reproductive health services because of competing social priorities, limited health literacy and a lack of culturally sensitive services. This literature review examines barriers to sexual and reproductive health care for refugee and asylum-seeking women, exploring how issues can be addressed and ameliorated by midwives and the wider health-care team during pregnancy.
Clinicians in the classroom: The consultant midwife
Authors: Power Alison , Rooth Carolyn
Published: April 2016

This is the third in a series of articles exploring expert clinicians' participation in teaching pre-registration midwifery students in the classroom setting. This article considers sessions facilitated by a consultant midwife. The role of consultant midwife was first introduced in the UK in 2000 as a senior position within maternity services to provide professional leadership and a senior level of clinical midwifery expertise. A key element of the role of the consultant midwife is education, training and development ( Department of Health, 1999 ). A consultant midwife from Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust discusses her experience teaching pre-registration midwifery students. Feedback from students indicates that they value the input of expert clinicians into pre-registration midwifery education.
Strays without microchips might be lost family pets
Authors: Khan Sophia
Published: April 2016

As we reach the deadline for compulsory microchipping of dogs, a leading pet charity warns that with many dogs still not microchipped, well-loved family pets that become lost are being rehomed as their owners cannot be found.
The management of shingles
Authors: Kochhar Suneeta
Published: April 2016

This common, painful condition is managed with analgesia and antivirals, explains Suneeta Kochhar
On the amplitude and phase response in the non-abelian Fourier transform
Authors: Zizler Peter
Published: April 2016

In the context of the non-abelian Fourier transform, the natural extension of the amplitude and phase response to a convolution by a given filter mask are shown to be the polar decompositions of the Fourier transform matrices. A specific example regarding amplitude and phase response of a certain filter mask over the symmetric group S_3 is given.
Legal limits on political campaigning by charities: drawing the line
Authors: Morris Debra
Published: April 2016

The fear for charities of being on the wrong side of the law when it comes to campaigning has always been strong. Recent UK legislation on political campaigning has caused considerable consternation, bringing some difficult issues to the fore. This paper reviews recent evidence on legislation, referring to previous regulatory experience to put new developments in a clear context of charity and electoral law. It highlights ambiguities and suggests how further regulatory guidance might help.
Commons Dilemma Pada Pengelolaan Daerah Irigasi Kapilaler, Kabupaten Klaten
Authors: Indriastuti Wahyu , Muktiali Mohammad
Published: April 2016

Sumber daya air merupakan salah satu sumber daya bersama. Dalam pengelolaannya, sumber daya bersama dihadapkan pada persoalan yaitu munculnya persaingan antar penggunanya yang disebabkan oleh karakteristik sumber daya yang bebas dimanfaatkan oleh siapapun, tetapi kemanfaatan dari sumber daya akan berkurang. Implikasi dari persoalan tersebut menimbulkan suatu fenomena yang disebut commons dilemma. Fenomena ini terjadi ketika pengelolaan sumber daya bersama dan konsekuensi di dalamnya dihadapkan pada lemahnya aspek kelembagaan. Fenomena ini pula yang terjadi pada objek penelitian yaitu Daerah Irigasi Kapilaler. Masalah yang terjadi yaitu timbulnya konflik air antar petani sepanjang saluran irigasi tersebut. Masalah yang terjadi memiliki sejarah dan transformasi pengelolaan yang cukup kompleks dengan melibatkan banyak pihak baik pemerintah, petani maupun swasta di bidang air minum dalam kemasan. Lemahnya kerjasama antar pihak mengakibatkan masalah menjadi berkepanjangan. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus. Teknik analisis dilakukan dengan analisis kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa commons dilemma yang terjadi pada pengelolaan Daerah Irigasi Kapilaler merupakan suatu kondisi dimana pengelolaan sumber daya air dihadapkan pada lemahnya kerjasama antar pengguna sehingga berdampak buruk pada kondisi fisik sumber daya itu sendiri hingga akhirnya timbul persaingan antar pengguna. Dari penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa kondisi sumber daya yang memadai tidak menjamin keseluruhan keberhasilan pengelolaan sumber daya, selama aspek kelembagaan masih lemah.
Construction of Solutions for a Nonlinear Elliptic Problem on Riemannian Manifolds with Boundary
Authors: Ghimenti Marco , Micheletti Anna Maria
Published: April 2016

Let

(
M
,
g
)

${(M,g)}$

be a smooth compact n-dimensional Riemannian manifold (

n
≥
2

${n\geq 2}$

) with smooth

(

n
-
1

)

${(n-1)}$

-dimensional boundary

∂
⁡
M

${\partial M}$

. We prove that the stable critical points of the mean curvature of the boundary generates

H
1

⁢

(
M
)

${H^{1}(M)}$

solutions for the following singularly perturbed elliptic problem with Neumann boundary conditions:

-

ε
2

⁢

Δ
g

⁢
u

+
u

=

u

p
-
1

⁢
in
⁢
M

,

u
>

0
⁢
in
⁢
M

,

∂
⁡
u

∂
⁡
ν

=

0
⁢
on
⁢

∂
⁡
M

,

$-\varepsilon^{2}\Delta_{g}u+u=u^{p-1}\text{ in }M,\quad u>0\text{ in }M,\quad% \frac{\partial u}{\partial\nu}=0\text{ on }\partial M,$

when ε is small enough. Here p is subcritical.
Local Gradient Estimates for Degenerate Elliptic Equations
Authors: Hoang Luan , Nguyen Truyen , Phan Tuoc
Published: April 2016

This paper is focused on the local interior

W

1
,
∞

${W^{1,\infty}}$

-regularity for weak solutions of degenerate elliptic equations of the form

div
⁡

[

𝐚
⁢

(
x
,
u
,

∇
⁡
u

)

]

+

b
⁢

(
x
,
u
,

∇
⁡
u

)

=
0

${\operatorname{div}[\mathbf{a}(x,u,\nabla u)]+b(x,u,\nabla u)=0}$

, which include those of p-Laplacian type. We derive an explicit estimate of the local

L
∞

${L^{\infty}}$

-norm for the solution’s gradient in terms of its local

L
p

${L^{p}}$

-norm. Specifically, we prove

∥

∇
⁡
u

∥

L
∞

⁢

(

B

R
/
2

⁢

(

x
0

)

)

p

≤

C

|

B
R

⁢

(

x
0

)

|

⁢

∫

B
R

⁢

(

x
0

)

|

∇
⁡
u

⁢

(
x
)

|

p

⁢

𝑑
x

.

$\lVert\nabla u\rVert_{L^{\infty}(B_{R/2}(x_{0}))}^{p}\leq\frac{C}{\lvert B_{R}% (x_{0})\rvert}\int_{B_{R}(x_{0})}\lvert\nabla u(x)\rvert^{p}dx.$

This estimate paves the way for our work [9] in establishing

W

1
,
q

${W^{1,q}}$

-estimates (for

q
>
p

${q>p}$

) for weak solutions to a much larger class of quasilinear elliptic equations.
Potassium catalyzed hydrogasification of low-rank coal for synthetic natural gas production
Authors: Skodras Georgios , Panagiotidou Sofia , Kokorotsikos Paris , Serafidou Maria
Published: April 2016

Potassium catalyzed isothermal coal hydrogasification was investigated, as an alternative route for synthetic natural gas production. Potassium chemisorption occurred on oxygen sites in the coal structure and was strongly affected by the solution pH and followed the Cation Exchange Capability (CEC) which is also pH-dependent. A quadratic function described the relation between the solution pH and the fraction of the chemisorbed potassium, while; the cumulative distribution function of two Weibull probability density functions correlated the solution pH with the CEC that was linearly correlated with the fraction of the chemisorbed potassium. Coal hydrogasification is strongly affected by the increased alkalinity of the impregnating solution and increased methane yields were obtained while carbon conversion was slightly affected. This was attributed to the formation of profuse K+ substituted active sites that decompose under H2 attacks and trigger scission of the aromatic rings followed by K+ migration to neighboring complexes, thus, the hydrogasification reaction continuous to yield CH4, as codified in a three stage reaction mechanism. The relative specific hydrogasification rate was found to increase linearly with the CEC of the coal samples, suggesting that the oxygen functional groups, on which potassium is chemisorbed, act as “active sites” and are linked with the carbon’s reactivity.
Compact Dual-band ACS-fed Monopole Omnidirectional Antenna for 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN Applications
Authors: Niu Xuebin , Liang Jiangang , Wu Guo-cheng , Lin Yongfan
Published: April 2016

A compact dual-band asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS) fed printed monopole omnidirectional antenna with three radiating structures for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN/Bluetooth applications is presented. The designed antenna comprises of a simple ACS-fed (Asymmetric Coplanar Strip) monopole and three different strip radiating elements. It occupies a very compact overall size of 15×24 mm2 including the ground plane, which is only about 0.12 λ×0.20 λ (λ is the wavelength at the frequency of 2.45 GHz in free space). So, it has the characteristics of miniaturization. A resonant mode at 2.45 GHz is created by adding a inverted-L branch, and the resonant mode at 5.62 GHz is co-produced by the horizontal strip and vertical strip including an element which is like a Chinese Tai Chi fish. Dual desired resonant frequencies achieved, and each of them can be tuned independently. Both the simulated and measured results show reasonable agreement, and the measured dates show that the antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 90 MHz (2.4–2.49 GHz) and 810 MHz (5.07–5.88 GHz), and a reflection coefficient of less than –10 dB, it is suitable for WLAN 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz applications and 2.4 GHz Bluetooth bands.
An Accurate Method for Measuring Airplane-Borne Conformal Antenna’s Radar Cross Section
Authors: Guo Shuxia , Zhang Lei , Wang Yafeng , Hu Chufeng
Published: April 2016

The airplane-borne conformal antenna attaches itself tightly with the airplane skin, so the conventional measurement method cannot determine the contribution of the airplane-borne conformal antenna to its radar cross section (RCS). This paper uses the 2D microwave imaging to isolate and extract the distribution of the reflectivity of the airplane-borne conformal antenna. It obtains the 2D spatial spectra of the conformal antenna through the wave spectral transform between the 2D spatial image and the 2D spatial spectrum. After the interpolation from the rectangular coordinate domain to the polar coordinate domain, the spectral domain data for the variation of the scatter of the conformal antenna with frequency and angle is obtained. The experimental results show that the measurement method proposed in this paper greatly enhances the airplane-borne conformal antenna’s RCS measurement accuracy, essentially eliminates the influences caused by the airplane skin and more accurately reveals the airplane-borne conformal antenna’s RCS scatter properties.
Serum vaspin concentrations in girls with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Oświęcimska Joanna , Suwała Andrzej , Świętochowska Elżbieta , Ostrowska Zofia , Gorczyca Piotr , Ziora-Jakutowicz Karolina , Machura Edyta , Szczepańska Maria , Hyla-Klekot Lidia , Kukla Michał , Ziora Dariusz , Ziora Katarzyna
Published: April 2016

Vaspin (VASP) is a protein detected in pre- and mature adipocytes, the production and secretion of which may be conditioned by nutrition status. VASP may also play a role in the regulation of food intake. Since to date, there are no available studies on serum vaspin concentrations in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), the aim of our study is to assess serum vaspin concentrations in girls with AN in comparison to healthy subjects and determine its relationship with body weight, body masss index (BMI) and insulin.

In this cross-sectional study vaspin serum concentrations were evaluated using a commercially available ELISA kit in 47 Polish girls hospitalized due to restrictive AN and 39 healthy controls (H).

The mean serum concentration of VASP in girls with AN was significantly higher than in the H group. These differences were also noted after adjustment for body masss index-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and insulin levels. There were no statistically significant correlations between the serum concentrations of VASP and body mass, BMI, BMI-SDS, insulin and HOMA-IR in the AN or healthy group.

Serum vaspin levels in lean subjects are regulated in different mechanisms than previously reported in obesity. It should be established if elevated serum vaspin levels in girls with AN may contribute to low food intake in these patients.
International Assistance and National and Individual Contributions in the Development of Education for Library, Information and Archival Studies: Some Evidence from a Case Study
Authors: Johnson Ian M.
Published: April 2016

This is a very brief summary of a study that focused on the development of education for library, archive, and information services (LIS) in Iraq, where significant progress seemed to have been made before the Second Gulf War, despite the country’s increasing economic problems and political isolation in the last decades of the twentieth century. It drew evidence from the published literature, previously unexplored archival material, and discussions with some of the participants. The study examined professional education for librarianship, documentation, information and archives work against the background not only of the evolution of LIS, but also in the broader context of the country’s national, economic, and social development. It examined trends in international assistance for library development, and briefly reviewed parallel developments in other Arab countries to provide a benchmark.

Based on this wide ranging examination, it drew some tentative conclusions about the issues that fostered the development of LIS education in Iraq, including: the attitude of government and university officials; the organisation and allocation of state finance; the development of literacy and the education system; the duration and nature of external support; the activities of foreign experts; the development of the cadre of teachers of LIS; the role played by advocacy and opportunism. The study also identified a number of factors that have held back development, including: the pressures on the state budget; the absence of a comprehensive government strategic plan to develop a culture of reading and independent learning; and a lack of flexibility in the management of the state education system.

An understanding of these factors, and the approach to identifying them, may contribute to strengthening the foundations of LIS education in both developing countries and those that have an established infrastructure.
This molecule targets at type 2 diabetes - a single crystal study on (2R,3S,5R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-5-[2-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-5(4H)-yl] tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-amine (Omarigliptin), C17H20F2N4O3S
Authors: Wang Kun-Yan , Yang Xiao-Li
Published: April 2016

C17H20F2N4O3S, triclinic, P1 (no. 1), a = 6.0020(12) Å, b = 6.7650(14) Å, c = 11.831(2) Å, α = 89.39(3)°, β = 86.29(3)°, γ = 66.50(3)°, V = 439.55(15) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt
(F) = 0.0543, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1568, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of (1-((1-benzylpyrrolidin-2-yl-κN)methyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-imidazol-2(3H)-ylidene–κC)dibromidopalladium(II), C18H25Br2N3Pd
Authors: Li Guo-Xing
Published: April 2016

C18H25Br2N3Pd, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 9.8678(4) Å, b = 13.8740(6) Å, c = 14.7557(6) Å, V = 2020.14(15) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0182, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0443, T = 173(2) K.
Crystal structure of poly[1,4-bis(2-methylbenzimidazol)butane-κ2
N:N′)bis(4,4′-oxybis(benzoato-κ4
O,O′:O′′,O′′′)dicadmium] monohydrate, C48H38Cd2N4O10
Authors: Xu Chunying , Chu Wenjuan , Lei Song , Yang Xuechun
Published: April 2016

C48H38Cd2N4O10, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 22.112(4) Å, b = 9.2100(18) Å, c = 22.977(5) Å, β = 93.24(3)°, V = 4671.8(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0341, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0868, T = 293(2) K.
Methods of Assessing Noise Nuisance of Real Estate Surroundings
Authors: Szopińska Kinga , Krajewska Małgorzata
Published: April 2016

Testing what factors create the market value of real estate is key information when preparing property valuations as well as other opinions and professional evaluations on the basis of which court verdicts or administrative decisions are made. One of the factors influencing the value of some real estate is the level of noise present in the surroundings, which can lead to the occurrence of noise nuisance negatively affecting social relations.

Due to the fact that the analysis of the attractiveness of a location is the basis for properly determining the market value of real estate, the present article is dedicated to the methodology of assessing the noise nuisance of real estate surroundings. Four methods of assessment are proposed in the work: two of an objective nature, based on the measurements of noise and spatial analyses of data included in a strategic noise map, as well as two of a subjective nature, accounting for, among others, the individual perceptions of real estate users. The results of studies using the above methods can serve as a source of information on real estate as well as aid decision processes in the scope of real estate management. Theoretical deliberations were supported by a sample assessment of the noise nuisance of real estate surroundings carried out using two of the presented study methods.
Investment Risk in the Context of Price Changes on the Real Estate and Stock Markets
Authors: Wolski Rafał
Published: April 2016

The residential real estate market is thought to show a tendency for wide fluctuations in prices, as a result of which price bubbles appear. This element of risk has a direct bearing on investors interested in speculation and those seeking to meet their housing needs. Wide fluctuations in the values of real estate affect the investors’ financial situation in many ways, by determining the possibility of meeting one’s housing needs, reducing or sometimes raising creditworthiness, and by increasing investment risk measured by volatility. Omitting the obvious social dimension of the residential real estate market and concentrating on its financial aspects, the author of the article analyses to what degree wide swings in prices can be recognized as specific to this market. To this end, the volatility of prices in the stock market and in the secondary housing market in Poland is compared. An analysis is performed to establish which of them has higher average volatility measures or rates of return, i.e. which of them is more profitable or secure for investors. Statistical tests are used to find out whether average rates of return or measures of risk are equal or different between the two markets. The results of the research show that the secondary housing market and the stock market differ concerning cumulative average rates of return and standard deviations. In the first of them, they are respectively higher and lower.
Streamlining of the Process of Decision-Making in Real Estate Management with Incomplete Information
Authors: Renigier-Biłozor Małgorzata , Biłozor Andrzej , Napiórkowska-Baryła Agnieszka
Published: April 2016

This paper presents a streamlined sub-system of decision-making in a real estate market with incomplete data. As we currently observe, various entities collect data and use databases, which entails a problem with their quality and completeness. This results from the specifics of the real estate market, particularly from the nature of the available information, access to it and integral uncertainty.

In the first part of this paper, we will present substantive guidelines for the development of a procedure for supplementing missing information. Afterwards, in order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the procedure, an implementation simulation will be conducted on the selected example. We would like to emphasize that all decisions are made under the conditions of an information gap.
Measuring e-Government Maturity: A meta-synthesis approach
Authors: Chaushi Agron , Chaushi Blerta Abazi , Ismaili Florije
Published: April 2016

Many governments in the world have created e-government initiatives including developed and developing countries. In order to better understand e-government evolution, different maturity models have been developed by many authors. In this paper the most cited e-government maturity models are analyzed using the meta-synthesis approach. As a result, five stages of e-government maturity are identified. The comparative results show the supported stages by each e-government initiative as important elements in the decision making process. This paper is attempting to show that although there are many models for measuring e-government maturity, they all converge on one common model. The contribution of this paper is in simplifying work for researchers when choosing the right maturity model.
Taiwan strait dispute
Authors: Kastrati Bilbil
Published: April 2016

The end of the Cold War resulted in a diffusion of the level of threat worldwide and concluded the system of bipolarity in the world. Beside the European continent, where the rivalries were at the highest level, the consequences of the end of the Cold War were especially visible in North-East Asia. A decrease of military activities of Russia and China, and the retreat of the USA from the region, give way for improvement of political and economical relations between the countries of the region. The end of hostilities produced by the Cold War no doubt have relaxed relations between countries in the region and opened ways for a new more peaceful co-existence. However, this does not mean that the region is not vulnerable to some of the hot spots such as North Korea, Spratly Parcels and especially Taiwan Strait. The latter is considered to be the most dangerous potential Asian zone of crisis in the twenty-first century.

The East Asian countries such as China, Japan and other Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries are the world’s most growing economies and, at the same time, leaders in military acquisition; therefore, the potential for conflict and crises is current and real. This article examines one of these hot spots, namely the Taiwan Strait dispute, and assesses the possibility of this issue leading to a war between China, the USA and Japan. In order to have a clear view of the dispute the author will reveal some data in the introduction and then will explore relations, conflicts and interests between China, the USA and Japan vis-à-vis Taiwan and assess the risk that these countries might be drawn in potential war over the Taiwan Strait.
The right to dispose of an item of property acquired in marriage
Authors: Zendeli Emine
Published: April 2016

This research article analyzes the right of disposal of marital property in relation to the undertaking of those legal actions that imply the highest authorizations that legal subjects can have over things.

Having in consideration the fact that according to the legislation in the Republic of Macedonia, marital property is joint as are the authorizations of spouses over their joint items, it is important to determine the extent of the disposal, i.e. who disposes of the items of the joint property and to what extent. Referring to the normative framework, which regulates disposal relations of spouses, the article emphasizes the concept and importance of the authorization of disposal of things (alienation or assignment of things from joint ownership), through legal activities (sale, donation, exchange, etc.). In this context, the article tends to draw a divisive line between the administration with the joint item, referring to continuative actions and measures and the disposal of the thing, which is not continuative but, due to legal consequences it causes, has great importance in practice, and as a result, enjoys greater attention in legislators in terms of its limitation compared to the acts of administration with joint items in marriage.
Neue Analyse- und Wissenspraktiken im Profifußball / New Analysis and Knowledge Practices in Professional Football
Authors: Schmidt Robert
Published: April 2016

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich in einer praxeologischen Perspektive mit den Wirkungen, die compu­ter- und videogestützte Spielanalysen im professionellen Fußball entfalten können. Es werden Wis­senspraktiken skizziert, die sich mit dem Einsatz von Spielanalysesoftware herausgebildet haben und es werden daran anknüpfend konzeptionelle Überlegungen präsentiert, die in zwei Richtungen weitergeführt werden: Zum einen werden sie auf zentrale Grundannahmen der Praxeologie bezo­gen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Analyse der Wirkungen und Potentiale reflexiver Wissens- und Kön­nensformen in Praktiken ein Desiderat der praxissoziologischen Perspektive darstellt. Zum anderen werden aus den konzeptionellen Überlegungen zum softwaregestützten accounting Ideen zu den damit induzierten Veränderungen des Fußballspiels und des professionellen Fußballs entwickelt.
Motive und Hemmnisse für landwirtschaftliche Kooperationen
Authors: Anastassiadis F. , Feil J.-H. , Kasten P. , Mußhoff O.
Published: April 2016

Bisherige Studien zu den Entscheidungsfaktoren für oder gegen landwirtschaftliche Kooperationen haben vor allem ökonomische Aspekte fokussiert. Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es daher, neben ökonomischen Erwägungen auch die Relevanz „weicher“ Faktoren, wie einer ähnlichen Altersstruktur oder der Bekanntheit der Kooperationspartner, für eine Kooperationsentscheidung mittels eines Discrete Choice Experimentes zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse der Analyse zeigen, dass diese „weichen“ Faktoren eine hohe Entscheidungsrelevanz besitzen, ihr Einfluss auf den Erfolg einer Kooperation jedoch von den Landwirten möglicherweise unterschätzt wird.