bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANGULAR PARAMETERS OF CERVICAL LORDOSIS IN PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT NECK SHAPES
Authors: Chaplygina Elena V. , Kaplunova Ol'ga A. , Kuchieva Margarita B. , Kalashaov Bayzet M.
Published: January 2023

Currently, the variability of the anatomical structures of the neck is increasingly being considered from the standpoint of typical anatomy. The wide possibilities of magnetic resonance imaging make it possible to study the variability of the cervical spine from the standpoint of typical anatomy. Purpose of the study: to determine the patterns of anatomical variability of the cervical spine according to magnetic resonance imaging in individuals with different neck shapes. The material of the study was magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine without pathological changes in 125 people of both sexes aged 25 to 70 years. On sagittal tomograms, the magnitude of cervical lordosis was determined according to the method of Y. Zhu et al. (2020). To assess various types of bends of the cervical spine, the method of determining the angle of the axis of V.T. Pustovoitenko et al. (2012). As a result of the study, the range of normative values of indicators characterizing the bends of the cervical spine according to magnetic resonance imaging in the norm was determined, taking into account the typical variability of the neck. The angle of inclination of the first thoracic vertebra was 24,5±1,34°, the angle of the upper thoracic inlet was 67,4±1,65°, the angle of the axis was 22,3±1,94°. The frequency of occurrence of various types of bends of the cervical spine in patients with normal, wide and narrow neck shapes was established. Persons with a normal neck shape are characterized by a high frequency of physiological lordosis, which is 81% according to the study. With a wide neck shape, hyperlordosis is most often determined (37%), physiological lordosis is observed in 32% of cases. In those examined with a narrow neck shape, mild lordosis is predominantly determined, which is 50% of all cases studied. The data obtained will allow interpreting the results of magnetic resonance imaging, taking into account the typical variability of the examined.
Graft failure in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell recipients: diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Maslikova U. V. , Popova N. N. , Drokov M. Yu. , Khamaganova E. G.
Published: January 2023

Graft failure is a group of complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which occurs according to different data up to 30%. The group of complications includes primary and secondary graft failure, primary, secondary and transient poor graft function and graft rejection. Diagnostic difficulties consist in the lack of unified diagnostic criteria accepted in the transplantation community and in the dual interpretation of these complications according to the foreign literature. The purpose of this literature review was to identify the most common criteria of different types of graft failure and determine the tactics of diagnosis and treatment. In this review we analyzed data from various literature sources, gave definitions of graft failure and poor graft function. We analyzed the literature data on the methods used to treat these conditions.
Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) is a Biological Marker in Heart Failure
Authors: Alieva A. M. , Reznik E. V. , Pinchuk T. V. , Arakelyan R. A. , Valiev R. K. , Rakhaev A.  M. , Tikhomirova A. S. , Nikitin I. G.
Published: January 2023

Heart failure is an important medical, social and economic problem around the world. In recent years, a number of diagnostic and prognostic biological markers of blood in cardiovascular diseases have been studied. Identification of new biological markers, analysis of their pathophysiological aspects and changes in concentration under the influence of various treatment options, allow us to understand many pathogenetic features of the development and course of heart failure. In recent decades, natriuretic peptides have been introduced into clinical practice, which are widely used as reliable markers for diagnostic and prognostic assessment. Growth differentiation factor-15 is a cytokine belonging to the family of transforming growth factors, the activity of which is significantly increased under stress and inflammation. In patients with chronic heart failure, the concentration of this marker is associated with an increased risk of overall mortality and adverse cardiovascular events; in patients with heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, the use of the marker showed prognostic and diagnostic significance. Data from the Framingham Heart Study showed that growth differentiation factor-15 was the only marker in multivariate analysis that showed a statistically significant association with all adverse cardiovascular events. Eight studies showed that overexpression of growth differentiation factor-15 was associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with heart failure. It was shown that growth differentiation factor-15 as a prognostic marker in patients with acute heart failure is not inferior to the brain natriuretic peptide precursor. To confirm the value of this marker in blood in patients with heart failure, it is necessary to conduct extensive prospective randomized clinical trials.
Chronic Liver Diseases and COVID-19: Database of General Hospital
Authors: Sitnikova E. Yu. , Ilchenko L. Yu. , Fedorov I. G. , Nikitin I. G.
Published: January 2023

Patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD) are at high risk of infection and severe COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease).

Aim: to create a database of patients with CLD, including an analysis of the frequency of detection of SARS-CoV-2 markers, the causes of hospitalization, an assessment of 30-day mortality in the presence of COVID-19 markers and in the absence of infection.

Materials and methods. A one-time retrospective observational comparative study was conducted, the result of which was the creation of a database. 693 electronic case hystories of patients with CLD of various etiologies hospitalized in the V.M. Buyanov State Clinical Hospital for the period 01.04.2020–01.10.2021 were analyzed. Th e analysis included the following parameters: gender, age, etiology of the disease, reasons for hospitalization, the presence of ribonucleic acid (RNA) SARS-CoV-2 in a smear of the nasal mucosa and oropharynx, antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulins of classes M, G (IgM, IgG), the outcome of the disease (30-day mortality).

Results. Markers of past new coronavirus infection (IgG) were detected in 268 (38,7 %), SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 67 (9,7 %). Th e analysis of the causes of hospitalization revealed the predominance of edematous ascitic syndrome (64,5 %), an increase in hepatic encephalopathy (31,6 %) and an increase in the number of cases of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) (8,9 %). When assessing the 30-day mortality, signifi cant diff erences were found in patients with Alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD), chronic viral hepatitis in the presence of COVID-19 markers and in cases of their absence.

Conclusion. SARSCoV-2 markers were found in 335 (48,3 %) of patients with CLD. Th e main reason for hospitalization is the appearance /increase of edematous ascitic syndrome, including due to PVT. 30-day mortality in the postcovid period is signifi cantly higher (р = 0,0246) in ARLD compared with patients without COVID-19 (218 (34,9 %) и 300 (25,3 %), respectively, р = 0,0246).
Diagnosis and Clinical Significance of «Hidden» Spectral Disorders of Blood Oxygenation Among Smokers with Exacerbation of Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Gnoevykh V. V. , Shorokhova Yu. A. , Smirnova A. Yu. , Efremova E. V.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study — to identify and evaluate the clinical significance of “hidden” disorders of blood oxygenation in smokers with exacerbation of bronchial asthma.

Materials and methods: spirometry, pulse oximetry, CO-metry of exhaled air. To diagnose “hidden” disorders of blood oxygenation, including “hidden” violations of the spectral characteristics of the level of hemoglobin oxygen saturation, 19 male smokers (middle age 54,6±2,05 years) with exacerbation of mixed (68 %) or allergic (32 %) bronchial asthma were examined.

The results: the accuracy of the clinical assessment of blood oxygenation in smokers increased significantly after the correction of the SpO2 level to the level of carboxyhemoglobin with the help of a computer program developed by us, which made it possible to diagnose a clinically significant lifethreatening exacerbation of this disease in smoking patients with bronchial asthma, since “hidden” respiratory insufficiency was detected in a timely manner.
“Platform for Change” (Part One)
Authors: Cherkasov P.
Published: January 2023

The article presents the members of a renewed team formed by the academician Alexander Dynkin who headed IMEMO at the end of 2006. First of all, it is referred to his Deputies who supervised certain areas of research conducted at the Institute. Each of them was assigned with a specific area of work. Some Deputies simultaneously headed research centers or departments. The Director and his Deputies made up the Directorate of IMEMO, which also included the Scientific Secretary of the Institute and the heads of the main departments. At regular meetings of the Directorate, issues of the Institute’s current activities were discussed, finished works were approved for publication, the topics of scientific reports were outlined at the Academic Council, and plans for the proceedings of IMEMO were drawn up. The academician Natalya Ivanova and Ivan Korolev, a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, were responsible for economic issues at the IMEMO Directorate. In 2013, I. Korolev was substituted as Deputy Director by Alexei Kuznetsov, a corresponding member of RAS, who simultaneously headed the Center for European Studies. Along with the academician A. Dynkin, the academician N. Ivanova as the first Deputy Director was responsible for the general state of affairs at the Institute. Usually it was her who substituted the Director during his absence – vacation or foreign business trip. The issue of international political research was under the charge of another Deputy Director – Vladimir Baranovsky, a corresponding member of RAS (since 2011 – an academician). Vasily Mikheev, a corresponding member of RAS (since 2016 – an academician) succeded Gennady Chufrin (who became an Advisor to the Russian Academy of Sciences) and became another Deputy Director for scientific work. V. Mikheev was responsible for managing the Center for Asia-Pacific Studies, supervising the Center for Modern Japan Studies and the Center for Development and Modernization. The IMEMO Directorate has successfully united political researchers and economists representing three generations – older, middle and young. Alexander Dynkin himself defined this team as a “platform” on which he intended to carry out the transformations he had conceived. The article traces the biographies of these researchers and organizers of science, shows the process of their professional growth, scientific achievements and their contribution to the development of IMEMO. Each of them is a prominent researcher in his field, having a high reputation in the international scientific and expert community. It was fundamentally important that they all acted together as a team of like-minded people, which in many respects ensured the high efficiency of work in IMEMO, the most influential think tank in Russia in the area of the modern world development.
Local Government Policy In Distribution Of Healthcare Workforce During The Covid-19 Pandemic (Kebumen Regency)
Authors: Rachmadi Triyo , Agustina Resti
Published: January 2023

The main responsibility of the Indonesian government is to protect its citizens, including in the healthcare sector. However, the Government of Kebumen Regency has not fully implemented the responsibility. The research questions are (1) what were the policies of the local government of Kebumen Regency concerning the distribution of healthcare workforce during the COVID-19 Pandemic? (2) How do legal theories address any issues related to the local government policies concerning the distribution of healthcare workforce during the COVID-19 Pandemic? This was a qualitative descriptive study which used a sociological or empirical non-doctrinal method. The study was carried out in Kebumen Regency and the sources consisted of the Head of the Healthcare Agency, one human resource analyst, and one healthcare worker. This study operated under various theories, including Aristotelian political ethics and the will to power by Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche. This study found that the regent of Kebumen Regency had not demonstrated concern in distributing healthcare workforce to healthcare facilities during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The policy issued by the government of Kebumen Regency concerning the distribution of healthcare workforce is considered inappropriate. The political ethics theory shows that local government could issue policies concerning the distribution of healthcare workforce regardless of the existing needs for healthcare human resources. The will to power theory shows that local government policies can be considered as either appropriate or inappropriate policy.
The Legal Vacuum Of Interreligious Marriage In Indonesia: The Study Of Judges’ Consideration In Interreligious Marriage Court Decisions 2010 -2021
Authors: Noormansyah Andra , Sanjaya Umar Haris
Published: January 2023

There are a legal vacuum and contradictory provisions in the Marriage Law, which states that it is not permissible for an Indonesian citizen to have an interreligious marriage. It has been requested for judicial review through the Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 68/PUU-XII/2014. Article 2 paragraph (1) of Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage stated that marriage is legitimate if the parties concerned have similar religions and beliefs. Moreover, it has become more obvious through judicial review of the Decision on Indonesian Constitutional Court Number 68/PUU-XII/2014, which decided that Article 2 paragraph (1) Law No. 1 of 1974 which amendment by Law No. 16 of 2019 required similarity in religions and beliefs of the marriage concerned parties are not necessary to do a judicial review. On interfaith marriage, the application proved that the judge on the district court’s decisions stated that Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage is not regulated, not emphasized, and not containing regulation of any sort about interfaith marriage. It’s proven in most judges’ court considerations of interreligious marriage around 2010 – 2021. This study takes two research formulations such as how a legal vacuum in interreligious marriage happens and how the judges in the court consider the law of interreligious marriage. This research uses a normative method which uses a conceptual and law approach. This research results that judges always consider interreligious marriages as a legal vacuum, it happened because the law that marriages do not clearly determine textually in law no. 1 of 1974. Therefore, even if clarified by Constitutional Court is clearly but practically interpreter different by judges in district court.
Changes In The Inheritance System Of Pusako Tinggi Assets And Their Impact On The Minangkabau Traditional Inheritance System
Authors: Afnaini Afnaini , Syamsudin M.
Published: January 2023

This study analyzes changes in the inheritance system of Pusako Tinggi assets and their impact on the Minangakabau customary inheritance system. As empirical legal research, it addresses the changes in the behavior of the Minangkabau indigenous people related to inheritance in Pusako Tinggi assets. To gain a better understanding of the main problem, philosophical, sociological, and case approaches were used. Data were collected by observation, interview, and document study, and they were analyzed in a descriptive-qualitative manner with an inductive conclusion. The results of the study revealed that the following factors caused some changes in the inheritance system of Pusako Tinggi assets in the Minangkabau indigenous people: (1). The influence of the Islamic inheritance system; (2) Registration and Granting of Higher Inheritance Rights; (3) Pusako Tinggi land trade; (4) The weakening power of mamak. Changes in the inheritance system for Pusako Tinggi assets in the Minangkabau people have an impact on: (1) elimination of nephews’ inheritance rights; (2) changes in Mamak’s responsibilities; (3) no addition of pusako tinggi; (4) the development of migratory culture; (5) the use of Pusako Tinggi land for investment.
A Transcriptomic Evaluation of the Mechanism of Programmed Cell Death of the Replaceable Bud in Chinese Chestnut
Authors: Guo Yan , Zhang Shuhang , Li Ying , Zhang Xinfang , Liu Huan , Liu Shiyuan , Liu Jing , Wang Guangpeng
Published: January 2023

Previous research suggests that the senescence and death of the replaceable bud in chestnut cultivar (cv.) ‘Tima Zhenzhu’ involves programmed cell death (PCD). However, the molecular network responsible for regulating replaceable bud PCD is poorly characterized. Here, we performed transcriptomic profiling of the chestnut cv. ‘Tima Zhenzhu’ replaceable bud before (S20), during (S25), and after PCD (S30) to ascertain the molecular mechanism underlying the PCD process. A total of 5,779, 9,867, and 2,674 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered upon comparison of S20 vs. S25, S20 vs. S30, and S25 vs. S30, respectively. Approximately 6,137 DEGs common to at least two comparisons were selected for GO and KEGG enrichment analyses to interrogate the main corresponding biological functions and pathways. GO analysis showed that these common DEGs could be divided into three functional categories, including 15 cellular components, 14 molecular functions, and 19 biological processes. KEGG analysis found that “plant hormone signal transduction” included 93 DEGs. Overall, 441 DEGs were identified as related to the process of PCD. Most of these were found to be genes associated with ethylene signaling, as well as initiation and execution of various PCD processes. A hypothetical model, consisting of three overlapping processes, is proposed for the replaceable bud PCD: First, ethylene signaling is activated during preparation for PCD, in order to regulate the activity of downstream targets. Next, during PCD initiation, the up-regulation of several TFs (including MYB, MADS-box, bHLH, and NAC TFs) induces an increase in cytochrome c expression and in the cytosolic Ca2+ content, activating the Ca2+-dependent signaling cascade. Finally, during PCD execution, the process of autophagy and the activity of proteases (i.e., cysteine proteinases RD21A-like, metacaspase-9-like, vacuolar-processing enzyme-like, and senescence-associated proteins for hydrolysis) work synergistically to clear the cell of cellular components. When this process is complete, the replaceable bud senesces and dies.
WEA: A Node Importance Algorithm in Weighted Networks
Authors: Zhao Na , Chen Linjie , Li Jie , Long Zhen , Jing Ming , Wang Jian
Published: January 2023

The heterogeneous structure implies that a few nodes may be crucial in maintaining network structural and functional properties. Identifying these crucial nodes correctly and quickly is a primary issue as contemporarily may face the mushrooming of large-scale datasets. Besides, the ‘weight issue’ is always ignored in this field which edge weight may play a positive/negative role in contributing to the node importance in different weighted networks. This paper provides a novel algorithm, Weighted Expectation Algorithm (WEA), which aims to ensure accuracy and speed of computation by taking advantage of dynamic programming to better handle the task of large-scale networks. Additionally, the weight issue that edge weights may contribute differently is addressed by a simply quantitative definition. Two standard experiments show WEA can maintain the network structure in connectivity well (by the lowest average robustness 0.192) and identify the node importance better in the spreading function test of spreading dynamics (by the highest average Kendall’s tau-b 0.678). In addition, the time complexities of different algo-rithms are evaluated, and their time-consuming are tested, proving that WEA consumes a rela-tively short time.
Analysis of the Application of Pedagogical Technology to the Learning of Children with Special Needs
Authors: khasawneh Mohmmad
Published: January 2023

Educators' subject-matter knowledge and their understanding of the many ways in which technology may be used to enhance student learning can both benefit from the usage of pedagogical technology, which is the primary goal of this kind of technology. The goal of this study is to determine the extent to which kids with special needs might benefit academically by adopting various forms of technology into their daily routines. This work makes use of descriptive qualitative research together with the methodology and processes that come with case study research. The emphasis of this study was placed on three institutions that welcome students of all abilities. According to the results of the qualitative research, inclusive schools do not universally possess the resources necessary to successfully incorporate technology into the classroom. The results suggest that this teacher occupies a position that is about equivalent to the center of the acceptable range. This displays the instructor's existing proficiency in the use of technology to enhance the results for their students.
The Influence of Subjective Norms, Financial Literacy, Trust, and Government Regulation on Behavioral Intention to Invest in Crypto Assets
Authors: Prasetyo Thomas Galang , Kurniasari Florentina
Published: January 2023

Indonesian crypto asset owners are expanding despite the government's ban. Crypto assets are too risky for Indonesian investors. This study uses the Theory of Planned Behavior and exogenous variables like financial literacy, trust, and government regulation to determine the causes of the intention to invest in crypto assets. Exogenous variables and behavioral intentions were moderated by gender. The study employs a quantitative approach, collecting data through a questionnaire survey of 149 adults over the age of 17 who have invested in non-crypto assets. SmartPLS was used to analyze research data. Financial literacy and trust, according to the study's findings, have an impact on the intention to invest in crypto assets. Gender can moderate the relationship between belief and behavioral intention. Women are more likely than men to invest in crypto assets due to the block chain system's security, transparency, and ease of use. This research is expected to help the government address the risks associated with investing in crypto assets by increasing transaction security with futures clearing and monitoring by using third parties as depositors. It also governs the laws governing crypto exchanges' liability to their investors.
Estimating the Sustainability of AI Models Based on Theoretical Models and Experimental Data
Authors: Gitzel Ralf , Platenius-Mohr Marie , Burger Andreas
Published: January 2023

As AI models become more and more common in business and even in our daily lives, it is important to understand what the carbon impact of these models is. Recent papers have shown that this impact can be quite great, i.e., the training of a single high-end model can result in emissions of more than 500t of CO2eq. In this paper we discuss the factors that influence the carbon footprint of AI models, explore what impact different decisions have, and show how the footprint can be reduced. We also examine the footprint of different models to give a guideline on how urgent action is for different organizations.
Emergence of the Fungal Rosette Agent in the World: Current Risk to Fish Biodiversity and Aquaculture
Authors: Gozlan Rodolphe Elie , Combe Marine
Published: January 2023

The emergence of pathogenic fungi is a major and rapidly growing problem (7% increase) that affects human and animal health, ecosystems, food security and the economy worldwide. The Dermocystida group in particular has emerged relatively recently and includes species that affect both humans and animals. Within this group, one species in particular, Sphareothecum destruens, also known as the Rosette agent, represents a major risk to global aquatic biodiversity and aquaculture and has caused severe declines in wild fish populations in Europe and large losses in salmon farms in the USA. It is a species that has been associated with a healthy carrier for millions of years but the host has managed in recent decades to invade parts of Southeast Asia, Central Asia, Europe and North Africa. In order to better understand the emergence of this new disease, we have for the first time synthesised current knowledge on the distribution, detection, prevalence of S. destruens as well as the associated mortality curves, and the potential economic impact in countries where the healthy carrier has been introduced. Finally, we propose solutions and perspectives to manage and mitigate the emergence of this fungus in countries where it has been introduced.
Low Health Literacy (LHL): A Devious Enemy of Patient Treatment Adherence
Authors: Mohiuddin Abdul Kader
Published: January 2023

People must have particular personality traits and social resources, also known as health literacy, in order to access, comprehend, and use information to make decisions about their health. Patients' ability to engage in complex disease management and self-care is strongly related to their level of health literacy. It can help us stay healthy by preventing illness and effectively managing existing illnesses. People with low health literacy (LHL) may find it difficult to manage their condition and prevent illness, which may lead to increased use of healthcare services. Furthermore, LHL is associated with increased hospitalizations, increased use of emergency care, decreased use of preventative services, and a worsened ability to understand labels and health messages, a worsened state of health, higher mortality, and more expensive medical care.
Cyclic Voltammogram Analysis of the 3,3´- (1,4-Phenylene) Perchlorates
Authors: alkhawaldeh ahmad
Published: January 2023

As a consequence of a three-stage synthesis from terephthalic aldehyde, a series of 3,3 '- (1,4-phenylene) perchlorates including methyl, hydrogen, acetyl, bromio, methoxy and nitro groups (R = Br, H, Me). The matching formazans were reacted with formalin in dioxane in the presence of perchloric acid to produce tetrazin ium salts. Formazans were synthesized by reacting terephthalic aldehyde phenylhydrazone with ar ene diazonium tosylates in a DMF/pyridine combination. The use of ar ene diazonium tosylates greatly simplified the separation and purification of formazans. The p henylhydrazone was produced in aqueous dioxane using the usual approach from terephthalic aldehyde and phenylhydrazine/hydrochloric acid. Individual f ormazans and tetrazinium perchlorates were isolated and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, NMR, UV spectroscopy. The electrochemical reduction of tetrazinium perchlorates was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Thus, all salts in the cathode region have two one-electron reduction peaks, which are connected to the sequential production of a radical cation and a biradical. It was discovered that donor substituents (R: OMe, Me) in the aromatic ring at position 1 accelerate tetrazinium cation reduction, whereas acceptor substituents (R: NO2, COMe,) inhibit this process. On this premise, it was proposed that in the presence of donor substituents in the aromatic ring at position 1, the matching bis-verdazyl radicals should be easily generated. As a result, 3,3'- (1,4-phenylene) perchlorates are possible antecedents of symmetric biradical systems based on verdazyl radicals.
Factors of Digital Transformation of Tunisian Companies
Authors: sayari sonia , Abbassi Rabeh
Published: January 2023

Digital transformation of companies is often referred to as a future track and a strategic path towards ensuring the survival and sustainability of companies. In this paper, we aim to outline this transformation process in Tunisian companies and identify its driving factors and finally explain its key success factors. To this end, we examine a sample of 70 companies operating in all economic sectors. The results indicate that such a digital strategy has a significant and a positive effect on the success of digital transformation of companies. Leadership has an effect at a low level of digital maturity. On the other hand, corporate culture does not have a significant effect on digital transformation. These results contribute to explaining this emerging phenomenon by focusing on the driving factors as well as the factors that contribute to its success.
Моделирование технологического процесса получения непрерывных металлоизделий на литейно-ковочном модуле новой модификации
Authors: Одиноков Валерий Иванович , Odinokov Valerii Ivanovich , Дмитриев Эдуард Анатольевич , Dmitriev Eduard Anatol'evich , Потянихин Дмитрий Андреевич , Potianikhin D A , Евстигнеев Алексей Иванович , Evstigneev Aleksei Ivanovich , Квашнин Александр Евгеньевич , Kvashnin Aleksandr Evgen'evich
Published: January 2023

Рассматривается процесс получения непрерывно-литой деформированной заготовки из алюминиевого сплава АД0 на литейно-ковочном модуле, выполненном в виде кристаллизатора с подвижными стенками. Приведена схема и описана работа модификации устройства, у которого одна бойковая плита, имеющая наклонный и вертикальный участки, подвижна, а вторая плита имеет вертикальное расположение и неподвижна. Описана математическая модель получения металлической заготовки. Поведение металла полагается вязкопластическим. Фазовое состояние определяется температурой. На границах контакта металла с оснасткой выполняется теплообмен, учитывается контактное трение. Численный метод решения предполагает разбиение расчетной области системой ортогональных поверхностей. Шаг по времени соответствует углу поворота подвижной бойковой плиты. Численный метод решения задачи состоит из двух этапов на каждом временном шаге. На первом этапе решается задача теплопроводности с учетом начальных и граничных условий, на втором -- задача об определении напряженно-деформированного состояния с учетом найденного температурного поля, начальных и граничных условий. В результате проведенного вычислительного эксперимента были получены поля распределения температуры и напряжений в области деформирования металла.
Влияние вложения энергии на аэродинамические характеристики и тепловые потоки при трeхмерном обтекании модели летательного аппарата сложной формы
Authors: Ханхасаева Яна Владиславовна , Khankhasaeva Yana Vladislavovna
Published: January 2023

Численно исследуется влияние вложения энергии в область перед моделью летательного аппарата сложной формы (затупленного по сфере цилиндра, снабженного
крыльями и хвостовым оперением) на структуру течения, возникающего при его
обтекании сверхзвуковым потоком (M=2.5) вязкого теплопроводного газа. Используются математическая модель осредненных по Рейнольдсу уравнений Навье-Стокса (URANS) и модели турбулентности Спаларта-Аллмараса (SA) в нестационарной
трехмерной постановке. Определено влияние угла атаки, параметров и расположения источника энергии на аэродинамические характеристики (волновое сопротивление и подъемную силу) летательного аппарата, а также тепловые потоки к его
поверхности
Substitusi Jagung (Zea Mays L.) Dalam Pembuatan Bakpao Sebagai Pangan Fungsional
Authors: Chita Cahya , Ani Nuraeni  , Yulia Kurnia Ningsih  , Endah Ayu Andari  , Annisa Rizkiriani  , Vieta Annisa Nurhidayati  , Della Modesty
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Corn bakpao is a snack that is loved by the public because of its soft texture. Corn contains nutrient content like carbohydrates, fiber, vitamin, potassium, linoleic acid, beta carotene, mineral, and protein. Corn silk contains bioactive compounds which can act as antioxidants for the body and to decrease cholesterol levels. The purpose of this research is to get innovative products in the form of bakpao which are substituted with corn as a functional food. This research uses 2 formulas with different quantities substitutes of flour and corn for getting the right formula and being the most liked by consumers. The best result based on the organoleptic test was on formula 1 with 200 gram flour and 50 gram corn.

Keywords: Bakpao, Corn, Functional Food, Consumer Acceptance
Integrating Racism as a Sentinel Indicator in Public Health Surveillance and Monitoring Systems
Authors: White Kellee , Beatty Moody Danielle L. , Lawrence Jourdyn A.
Published: January 2023

Objectives. To evaluate public health surveillance and monitoring systems’ (PHSMS) efforts to collect, monitor, track, and analyze racism.

Methods. We employed an environmental scan approach. We defined key questions and data to be collected, conducted a literature review, and synthesized the results by using a qualitative description approach.

Results. We identified 125 PHSMS; only 3—the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System, and California Health Interview Survey—collected and reported data on individual-level racism. Structural racism was not collected in PHSMS; however, we observed evidence for linkages to census and administrative data sets or social media sources to assess structural racism.

Conclusions. There is a paucity of PHSMS that measure individual-level racism, and few systems are linked to structural racism measures.

Public Health Implications. Adopting a standard practice of racism surveillance can advance equity-centered public health praxis, inform policy, and foster greater accountability among public health practitioners, researchers, and decision-makers. Failure to explicitly address racism and the insufficient capacity to support a robust health equity data infrastructure severely impedes efforts to address and dismantle systemic racism. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(S1):S80–S84. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307160 )
A ausência de lei diante da lei: um estudo da conferência “Franz Kafka: durante a construção da muralha da China”, de Walter Benjamin
Authors: Vieira Rafael Barros
Published: January 2023

O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a crítica ao direito presente na conferência feita por Walter Benjamin sobre Kafka para uma rádio de Frankfurt em 1931, intitulada “Franz Kafka: Durante a construção da muralha da China”. Essa curta conferência apresenta especificidades, no que tange à análise do direito e de outros temas, em relação ao seu texto mais conhecido sobre Kafka, escrito 3 anos depois por ocasião do décimo aniversário da morte do escritor tcheco. Nessa conferência é discutida, partindo sobretudo dos personagens principais de O castelo e O processo, a expressão do que seria um sujeito “sem direitos” ou um quadro marcado pelo que chama de uma “ausência de lei”. Entretanto, ao contrário de algumas interpretações, essas constatações não o levam a um raciocínio dicotômico que opõe a ausência de lei a uma situação que supostamente geraria a demanda por sua aplicação e efetividade. A relação entre lei e ausência de lei é analisada nessa comunicação como resultado de um processo histórico, que aparece em Kafka sob a forma literária.
“Fábrica de vespas” de Iain Banks e o imbróglio jurídico das subversões identitárias
Authors: Faleiros Thaísa Haber , Salge João Victor Santos
Published: January 2023

O reconhecimento jurídico de questões envolvendo minorias sociais é um relevante desafio da atualidade que tem consequências diretas no desenvolvimento político-social brasileiro. Nesse contexto, as instituições desempenham um papel fundamental para que pessoas qualitativamente diferentes possam participar da vida social em igualdade com as demais. No caso da população LGBTI+, a exemplo das crianças e adolescentes trans e intersexo, objetos da reflexão ora proposta, esses desafios de inclusão consistem em dificuldades como o combate à transfobia, a aceitação na sociedade e a sua autenticação como sujeito de direitos. Analisando o direito sob a perspectiva literária do romance Fábrica de vespas de Iain Banks, o presente trabalho propõe uma nova concepção da matriz prescritiva social-histórica que dogmatiza as identidades de gênero e suas relações de poder, consequentemente compromete o Estado a enxergar seus sujeitos plurais e assegurar os direitos a eles inerentes, como forma de emancipá-los frente à cultura popular tradicional.
O desejo de exceção: reflexões marginais sobre “Mineirinho” de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Leitão Macell Cunha
Published: January 2023

O Brasil vivencia uma escalada dos discursos que clamam por medidas autoritárias com a suposta finalidade de conter a violência social. Com base no texto Mineirinho, de Clarice Lispector, discuto a questão ética que se coloca diante do estado de exceção permanente que se evidenciou, mais uma vez, na recente chacina de Jacarezinho. A tese central consiste em apontar que a exceção é, de fato, desejada, de modo a ensaiar algumas hipóteses para as causas desse paradoxo. O estudo se constitui na articulação entre o direito e a literatura e na filosofia de Giorgio Agamben.
Experimental observation of permanent magnet rotation
Authors: Tong Weiming , Chen Bihe
Published: January 2023

Why does the Earth rotate? At present, it is impossible to use an experimental device to show which forces cause planets (such as Earth) to rotate in the solar system. Therefore, we developed a device to observe the rotation of a permanent magnet in a magnetic field to achieve an understanding of rotational force. A permanent magnet rotating under the action of a DC motor is installed on Motor Shaft; a permanent magnet designed to rotate in a magnetic field is placed in a circular container with water and floats on the surface of the water. Using the above setup, experimental methods and procedures based on this research can be used to observe the rotational behaviour of a permanent magnet in a magnetic field, understand the reason for its rotation, and determine the strength of the rotational force of the permanent magnet in the magnetic field.
Non-obstructive azoospermia treatment by autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells: a non-randomized, open-label phase I clinical trial
Authors: Zhankina Rano , Zhanbyrbekuly Ulanbek , Askarov Manarbek , Jafari Nazanin , Saipiyeva Dana , Sherkhanov Ravil , Akhmetov Daniyar , Afshar Alireza , Hashemi Alireza , Farjam Mojtaba , Tanideh Nader , Aflatoonian Behrouz , Tamadon Amin
Published: January 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Cost analysis of a Fracture Liaison Service: a prospective randomized study for secondary prevention after fragility fractures of the hip
Authors: Zinger Gershon , Davidson Amit , Sylvetsky Noa , Levy Yedin , Peyser Amos
Published: January 2023

Background: Fracture liaison services (FLS) have proven to be effective in treating osteoporosis associated with fragility fractures. For patients with fragility fractures of the hip, FLS programs are expected to be cost-effective because of the high risk of re-fracture and the high cost of fracture treatment. In this study we evaluate the essential factors in determining whether the FLS saves or loses more than it costs.
Methods: A prospective-randomized study was done in patients with hip fragility fractures using a hospital-based FLS program in parallel with a cost analysis. Data was generated from a cohort of patients using actual data for FLS effectiveness, individual costs of hip fracture treatment, and medication costs based on an accepted treatment algorithm.
Results: There were 200 patients randomized and 180 analyzed for costs. Results showed that the cost-benefit of the FLS was dependent on the medication used for osteoporosis. Specifically, using the medication algorithm in this study, the loss per patient enrolled in the FLS was $671 for a 2-year period. If intravenous zoledronic acid had been used, then the loss would have been $221. If only oral bisphosphonates had been used, then the FLS would have saved $109 per patient for a 2-year period.
Conclusions: The analysis done here shows that medication cost is the critical component in cost-effectiveness of a FLS program. Additional work needs to be done refining the medication algorithm considering medication costs but individualized to patient needs based on fracture risk.
Trial Registration: NCT02239523
Decision-making power among women of reproductive age towards family planning use and its associated factors: A cross-sectional study in Simiyu region, Tanzania
Authors: Mkuwa Serafina , Shirima Laura J , Misungwi Gaspery , Mushy Stella E. , Sirili Sirili Nathanael , Ngalesoni Frida N
Published: January 2023

Background: One of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030 is to empower women in decision-making. It is universally agreeable that women's decision-making power influences their use of family planning. However, due to disparities in social and cultural norms and beliefs, the percentage of women with decision-making power varies across societies. Furthermore, unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions have remained a public health concern, with serious consequences such as death, physical and mental complications, as well as social and economic problems for a woman and her family
Objective: To assess women’s decision-making power towards contraceptive use and its associated factors in Simiyu region.
Methodology: The study utilizes data from a cross-sectional study conducted by Amref Health Africa among women of reproductive age in the Simiyu region. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Stata 15 was used for data analysis. Categorical variables were summarized using frequency and percentage. The Chi-square test was used to compare the proportion of women’s decision-making power across independent variables. To identify factors associated with women's decision-making power regarding contraceptive use, a multinomial logistic regression model was used.
Results: A total of 917 women were investigated. Of these, 304 (33.1%) reported making their own decision on contraceptive use, 421 (45.9%) made a joint decision with their spouse, and 192 (20.9%) had their decision made by another person. Age, marital status, previous use of contraceptives, husbands using force for sex, and family planning being considered as women's health issues were all associated with women's decision-making power.
Conclusion; The findings of this study underscores that one in every five women has no decision on contraceptive use. It is high time for early women empowerment interventions, particularly among young women, to strengthen, promote, and encourage their decision-making on general health issues, particularly contraceptive use. This study calls for a qualitative study to get an in-depth understanding of the socio-cultural issues behind this power dynamic among women.
Maintenance of pluripotency in the entire ectoderm enables neural crest formation
Authors: Pajanoja Ceren , Hsin Jenny , Olinger Bradley , Schiffmacher Andrew , Abrams Shaun , Dapkunas Arvydas , Zainul Zarin , Doyle Andrew , Martin Daniel , kerosuo Laura
Published: January 2023

The ability of the pluripotent epiblast to contribute progeny to all three germ layers is thought to be lost after gastrulation. The later-forming neural crest (NC) rises from ectoderm and it remains poorly understood how its exceptionally high stem-cell potential to generate mesodermal- and endodermal-like cells is obtained. We monitored transcriptional changes from gastrulation to neurulation using single-cell-Multiplex-Spatial-Transcriptomics (scMST) complemented with RNA-sequencing. Unexpectedly, we find maintenance of undecided Nanog/Oct4-PouV/Klf4-positive pluripotent-like pan-ectodermal stem-cells spanning the entire ectoderm late in the neurulation process with ectodermal patterning completed only at the end of neurulation when pluripotency becomes restricted to NC, challenging our understanding of gastrulation. Furthermore, broad ectodermal pluripotency is found at all axial levels unrelated to the NC lineage the cells later commit to, suggesting a general role in stemness enhancement and proposing a mechanism by which the NC acquires its ability to form derivatives beyond “ectodermal-capacity” in chick and mouse embryos.
Psoriatic Disease Classification Based on Exploratory Data Analysis
Authors: Jiji Wiselin , S.V. Anandhi
Published: January 2023

Psoriasis is caused because of the problem in immune system that that causes a rash with itchy, scaly patches, commonly occur on the knees, elbows, trunk and scalp. This study aims to diagnose Psoriasis and its type through clinical data. A framework has been developed to carry out this task in three phases. Initially preprocessing operation had been performed followed by Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is used to gain knowledge about the dataset by using statistical graphics and data visualization mechanism. Here, promising features are selected using various discriminatory techniques Conjoint Analysis, Correlation analysis, Interdependence of pairs, Discriminant Analysis, Analysis of Variance. Best discriminant features were given input to Adaboost classifier to classify into six psarosisi types. Finally, performance analysis had been made and compared with recent works with the accuracy of 98%
Enzymatic Preparation of Mushroom by-Product Protein Hydrolysates (Mb-PPHs).
Authors: Inca-Torres Alberto Renato , Aguilera-Velázquez José Raúl , Urbina-Salazar Anabell del Rocío , Carbonero Pilar , Navarro Isabel Moreno , Palomas Juan Bautista
Published: January 2023

The excessive use of chemical fertilizers can cause severe environmental damage. In recent decades, the application of biostimulants to improve soil composition and stimulate plant growth has contributed significantly to environmental preservation. In this paper, we studied the production and characterization of an amino acid/peptide-enriched biostimulant using edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) by-products (tails and nonmarketable mushrooms) as raw materials and commercial proteases as hydrolytic agents. A single hydrolytic process using four different endoproteases, Alcalase®, L-450, Flavourzyme® or papain, and a sequential hydrolytic process using two proteases, an endoprotease and an exoprotease, Alcalase®+Flavourzyme® or L-450 + Flavourzyme), were conducted. A preevaluation of potential plant biostimulants was also carried out, testing the biostimulant capacity of single and sequential Mb-PPHs to stimulate maize seed germination and root growth, as well as the evaluation of the vigor index (VI), with very promising results.