bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Child-mothers with congenital Zika syndrome: daily rites for the prevention of COVID-19
Authors: Vale Paulo Roberto Lima Falcão do , Passos Silvia da Silva Santos , Carvalho Rosely Cabral de , Carvalho Evanilda Souza de Santana
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To comprehend the daily rites of child-mothers with congenital Zika virus syndrome for the prevention of COVID-19 during the pandemic. Method Study with a qualitative-exploratory approach, in the light on the comprehensive sociology of Michel Maffesoli, carried out in WhatsApp groups of associations of families of children with the syndrome. 44 mothers answered the online questionnaire between April and May 2020. Lexical and similarity analyzes were used through IRaMuTeQ. Results Mothers encourage exercises for child development and help the children’s school activities, watch television, sew, cook, support other mothers on social networks and find satisfaction in not meeting previously established schedules. To prevent COVID-19, mothers adopt physical distance, try to consume healthy foods and intensify hygiene measures. Final considerations Child-mothers experience, in physical distance being closer to their children and other mothers through the networks, and adopt preventive care to COVID-19, with care overload.
Bundle to care for newborn children of mothers with suspected or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19
Authors: Silva Maria Paula Custódio , Rocha Nylze Helena Guillarducci , Teixeira Cinthia Lorena Silva Barbosa , Ued Flávia da Veiga , Ruiz Mariana Torreglosa , Contim Divanice
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To build and validate the contents of a bundle for the care of newborn children of mothers with suspected or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 in the delivery room and in the rooming-in care. Method Methodological research, developed in 2020 in three stages: bibliographic survey, construction of the instrument in Google Forms® and content validation by seven judges. The initial instrument consisted of seven nursing care. The content validity index above 80% was used to assess the agreement between the judges. Results All items in the bundle reached agreement among judges above 80% after the third round of evaluation. The final version consisted of six items. Conclusion This study allowed the construction and content validation of the proposed bundle. The content proved to be valid and may contribute to the quality of nursing care in the face of the care of these newborns.
Validação de conteúdo de instrumento para o ensino do processo de enfermagem em sala de recuperação pós-anestésica
Authors: Tostes Maria Fernanda do Prado , Biserra Carolina Lopes , Silva Bruno Teixeira , Covre Eduardo Rocha , Neves Igor Fernando , Reis Helena Macedo
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Construir e validar o conteúdo de um instrumento para subsidiar o ensino e aprendizagem do processo de enfermagem em Sala de Recuperação Pós-Anestésica, destinado aos acadêmicos de enfermagem. Método: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico com abordagem quantitativa. Na validação de conteúdo participaram sete juízes, enfermeiros doutores e pós-doutores atuantes no ensino e pesquisa na área da enfermagem perioperatória. Na análise semântica, participaram 30 acadêmicos de enfermagem. A construção do instrumento foi pautada em revisão de literatura, referencial teórico de Horta e sistema de classificação de enfermagem. Na análise dos dados, o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e o Índice de Concordância foram calculados. Resultados: Na validação de conteúdo, o instrumento obteve Índice de Validade de Conteúdo elevados nos critérios psicométricos relevância (IVC =0,99), clareza (IVC=1) e objetividade (IVC=1). Na análise semântica, o Índice de Concordância dos itens também foi elevado (IC>0,80). Conclusão: O instrumento foi considerado válido e compreensível, com potencial para ser uma ferramenta pedagógica facilitadora do processo de cuidar dos pacientes em Sala de Recuperação Pós-Anestésica.
Preparation of Ni/CuO/MCM-41 for indole oxidation: optimisation processes
Authors: Vandani Samira Amiri Khoshkar , Fazaeli Reza , Saravani Masoud Giahi , Pasdar Hoda
Published: January 2021

In this study, several catalysts – namely, MCM-41, copper (II) oxide (CuO), copper (II) oxide/MCM-41, nickel (Ni)/copper (II) oxide and nickel/copper (II) oxide/MCM-41 – were synthesised and characterised by way of X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller/Barrett–Joyner–Halenda techniques. The oxidation of indole (C8H7N) by these synthesised catalysts was evaluated at room temperature by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer. It was revealed that adding nickel to copper (II) oxide/MCM-41, even at low concentrations, significantly increased the oxidation efficiency. Furthermore, to obtain the optimal operating conditions, the influences of the weight percentage of nickel, pH, the mass of catalyst and contact time, each at three levels, on indole oxidation were studied by applying the response surface methodology based on the Box–Behnken design method. The obtained results indicated that pH and nickel weight percentage were the most critical factors. Finally, although several kinetic models were applied for investigating the kinetic mechanism of indole oxidation by way of the nickel/copper (II) oxide/MCM-41 composite, the most suitable model for this purpose was the Blanchard kinetic model.
Construction, instrumentation and field performance of geogrid-reinforced unpaved roads
Authors: El Tawati Abdalla , El Naggar M. Hesham
Published: January 2021

A research study involving full-scale unpaved road test sections was carried out to investigate the performance of unpaved roads reinforced with geogrids. Ten test sections were constructed with two different base course thicknesses. Three biaxial geogrids of different tensile stiffness and one geogrid with triangular aperture were evaluated. Geogrids were placed at the subgrade–base course interface. The sections were instrumented for measuring road response to traffic loading. Traffic loading was provided by a single-axle dump truck. Field measurements of rut depth and surface deformation were recorded at selected traffic intervals. An analysis of the measured performance data indicated that the geogrids effectively reduced surface rutting and improved the performance of unpaved thin base layers and the benefit became more pronounced when a stiffer geogrid was used. The results suggested reductions in the thickness of the base layer by using geogrids of up to 18%. The improvement by geogrids was shown to be less for increasing base layer thickness. In addition, the ability of the design procedure by Giroud and Han to predict rutting performance using the test section parameters as design inputs was assessed. The results indicated that the method underpredicted the required base thickness to support the applied traffic loads.
Productivity and industrial relations in the Australian construction industry
Authors: Loosemore Martin , Alkilani Suhair Zaid , Luperdi Santiago
Published: January 2021

The global construction industry has a poor productivity record compared with other industries. While there have been many studies into the factors that influence construction productivity, the role of industrial relations (IR) in construction productivity has been neglected. This is despite countries with highly unionised workforces, such as Australia and Canada, often attributing the industry’s relatively low productivity to its confrontational IR environment. This paper explores how construction project managers and operatives in Australia interpret what has become a highly divisive IR debate and how this influences their IR behaviour. A survey of 92 construction project managers and operatives reveals multi-theoretical perceptions influenced by both pluralist and radical IR theories. While unions are seen as beneficial to project safety and work hours, they are perceived as detrimental to productivity, although there is uncertainty about how this relationship works. It is concluded that improvements in construction project productivity are unlikely to be achieved by IR legislation alone but through a more complex multidimensional bargaining lens where project managers and operatives develop mutually beneficial shared solutions.
The altitude of sprites observed over South Africa
Authors: Mashao Dakalo C. , Kosch Michael J. , Bór Jozsef , Nnadih Stanislaus
Published: January 2021

Sprites are mesospheric optical emissions that are mostly produced by large, positive cloud-to-ground lightning discharges. Sprites appear in different morphologies such as carrot, jellyfish and column, and are typically in the altitude range of ~40–100 km above the Earth’s surface. Sprites are a subset of transient luminous events and they contribute to the global electric circuit. South Africa has large convective thunderstorms, which typically occur in the summer months of every year. Peak current, time and geographical position of lightning strokes were obtained from the South African Weather Service. Sprite observations were recorded in South Africa for the first time on 11 January 2016 from Sutherland in the Northern Cape using a night-vision television camera from the South African National Space Agency’s Optical Space Research laboratory. We report the first estimates of the top altitude, and the altitude of maximum brightness, of 48 sprites over South Africa. We found that the average top altitude and the altitude of maximum brightness of sprites are approximately 84.3 km and 69 km, respectively, which is consistent with estimates made elsewhere. We also found a moderately high positive and a weak positive correlation between the top altitude and the altitude of maximum brightness, respectively, of sprites and the lightning stroke charge moment change.
Significance:

We present the first altitude estimation of sprites observed over Africa.
The altitude of sprites observed over South Africa is in agreement with observations made elsewhere.
There is a positive correlation between the top altitude of sprites and the parent lightning charge moment change.
Sprite maximum brightness is observed near the stratopause.
Entre expérience et doctrine
Authors: THIBON Jean-Jacques
Published: January 2021

Notre réflexion se base sur un échange poétique qui, selon la présentation rapportée par Sulamī (m. 412/1021) dans ses Ṭabaqāt al-ṣūfiyya, met en scène Nūrī (m. 295/907), Ǧunayd (m. 297/910) et Šiblī (m. 334/946), trois figures majeures du soufisme bagdadien primitif.  À partir d’un prétexte, la maladie qui frappe les deux premiers personnages, le motif de l’épreuve qui est nodal dans l’architecture doctrinale du soufisme, est traité de trois manières différentes, à l’aide de la prose ou de la poésie par chacun des protagonistes, illustration d’une controverse feutrée. Nous interrogeons les usages de la prose et de la poésie dans ces discours et leurs relations avec l’expérieence mystique et les formulations doctrinales. Après avoir présenté ces fragments poétiques, nous devrons tenter d’expliciter des contenus, abscons de prime abord. Ensuite, nous envisagerons les raisons du choix de ces divers modes d’expression, afin de mieux cerner l’un des usages de la poésie pour les soufis: à savoir rendre compte de l’expérience spirituelle. Le propos est finalement de tenter de retrouver le noyau primitif autour duquel le ḫabar s’est développé, et les temporalités successives qui le composent.
Théophile Gautier et la poétique de l’extase
Authors: HAMMOUDI Rafika
Published: January 2021

Lorsque Théophile Gautier visite l’Algérie en 1845, son voyage est annonciateur de l’engouement artistique qui marquera les débuts de cette nouvelle possession coloniale française. Une fascination picturale, linguistique mais également philosophique et religieuse. Cette dernière se faisant plus implicite notamment en littérature. Ainsi Théophile Gautier a la chance de visiter une Algérie, possession militaire, encore faiblement marquée par les cicatrices de la colonisation. Mais également de se rendre dans ce pays avec un regard non-encore façonné par une propagande qui s’accélèrera durant la IIIème République. Ce qui est remarquable dans ce voyage c’est cette volonté gautiérienne de découvrir mais également de se laisser submerger par cette Algérie qui l’étonne et le fascine. De ces quatre textes [_Alger intra-muros, Alger extra-muros, Les Aïssaoua et la Danse des Djinns], Les Aïssaoua_ est sans doute celui qui reste le plus envoutant et vertigineux pour le lecteur et l’auteur. Devant cette danse extatique, dans une langue qu’il ne comprend pas, dans un pays qui n’est pas le sien, il admet être pris d’une répulsive fascination pour ces exécutants. De la froide observation à l’hypnotique envoûtement voire la subjugation qu’il ressent, Théophile Gautier croise le soufisme sans jamais prononcer son nom. Ce qui se joue en cet instant, en ce texte, est un débat, un combat intérieur, entre un auteur profondément parisien, prosaïque, qui se retrouve spirituellement ébranlé face à un pays encore attaché à son soufisme, ses tariqas et sa mystique.
Le mysticisme gidien raconté par André Walter
Authors: Ben Salem Saida
Published: January 2021

Le mysticisme se présente à travers l’œuvre et la vie de Gide comme une quête d’un certain idéalisme et d’une morale qu’il tentera d’appliquer à tous les domaines. La quête du mysticisme perd ainsi peu à peu toute conation religieuse en relation directe avec Dieu, elle devient paradoxalement une recherche d’une certaine forme de pureté et d’absolu.
Mind the Gap
Authors: WELLE Jason
Published: January 2021

Depuis la publication de son dictionnaire biographique des femmes soufies (Dhikr al-niswa al-mutaʿabbidāt al-ṣūfiyyāt), Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī (m. 412/1021) a été encensé pour avoir su reconnaître les capacités spirituelles des femmes suivant des voies bien différentes de celles de ses contemporains. Rkia E. Cornell décrit le soufisme féminin des débuts, dont on ne savait pas grand-chose jusqu’à récemment, comme une « tradition voilée ». Mais en dehors de ce dictionnaire biographique, les autres écrits d’al-Sulamī manifestent les mêmes préjugés de ses contemporains masculins dans le monde du savoir : il décrit les femmes comme déficientes sur le plan intellectuel et religieux et encourage les hommes pieux à éviter leur compagnie qui compromet leur propre progrès spirituel. Ce chapitre explore le chemin du progrès spirituel des femmes, en examinant le décalage dans les écrits d’al-Sulamī entre les femmes honorées comme membres de l’élite spirituelle, qui sont dignes de compagnie, et les femmes « ordinaires », qui représentent des menaces potentielles pour la croissance religieuse des hommes. L’auteur soutient que la « théologie de la servitude » proposée par Cornell reste l’outil le moins inadéquat pour décrire le cheminement spirituel des premières femmes soufies, mais que le Dhikr al-niswa ne présente ni une manière non ambiguë d’articuler une différence de genre entre le soufisme masculin et le soufisme féminin, ni un ensemble clair de pratiques concrètes que les femmes ont utilisées pour surmonter leur faiblesse et leur déficience supposées.
La gestión del agua en España, México y Argentina: estudios de caso
Authors: Banzato Guillermo
Published: January 2021

Este dossier se compone de cinco trabajos que reflejan instancias de la gestión del agua en tres territorios tan diferentes como los de España, México y Argentina, pero con algunos itinerarios y comportamientos similares en sus dirigentes. Por supuesto que los estudios que aquí se presentan no se pretenden representativos, sino que dan cuenta de la complejidad de problemas en torno a la disponibilidad y uso compartido del agua, y las respuestas (e inacciones) desde la administración pública. Al mismo tiempo, se trata de reflejar múltiples miradas disciplinares, con metodologías y desarrollos teóricos diversos, pero cuyas conclusiones apuntan a un enlace que sabemos complejo, pero posible y necesario, con los gestionadores públicos, para que puedan utilizar estos resultados con el fin de mejorar las condiciones materiales de vida de las poblaciones.
COVİD-19 Pandemi Süresince Türkiye’nin Aldığı Ekonomik Tedbirlere Yönelik Haberlerin Söylem Analizi
Authors: ÖZTUNÇ Mustafa
Published: January 2021

Küresel bir sağlık sorunu olan COVİD-19 salgını, eğitimden ekonomiye, spordan sanata kadar birçok alanda toplumsal hayatı derinden etkilemektedir. COVİD-19 salgını nedeniyle hükümetler tüm toplumsal kesimlerin krizden kaynaklanan ekonomik yükünü hafifletmek amacıyla çeşitli politikalar geliştirmekte, geliştirilen politikalar çoğu zaman siyasal tartışmaların odağına oturmaktadır. COVİD-19 ile ilgili yaşanan siyasal tartışmalar medya araçlarıyla topluma aktarılmaktadır. Medyada verilen haberlerin güvenirliği ve tarafsızlığı her dönemde tartışılan konular olmuştur. Medyanın kendine özgü ideolojik yaklaşım biçimi tarafsızlık ilkesinden sapmada etkili olmakta mıdır? Toplumu ilgilendiren önemli konularda olduğu gibi, ulusal güvenlik meselelerinde dahi tarafsızlık ilkesi ideolojik bakış açısına kurban edilmekte midir? gibi sorular bu çalışmanın temel problemini oluşturmaktadır. Nitel olan çalışmada Türkiye basınında 11-31 Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında COVİD-19 salgını ile mücadele konusunda hükümetin uyguladığı ekonomik politikalarla ilgili haberler incelenmiştir. Çalışma için farklı ideolojilere sahip Sabah ve Sözcü gazetelerindeki haberler örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Her iki gazetenin haberlerini okurlarına kendi ideolojik bakış açılarıyla sunup sunmadıkları Teun Van Dijk’in eleştirel söylem analizi yöntemiyle, makro düzeydeki şematik ve tematik boyutlarıyla incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda gazetelerin ekonomik politikalarla ilgili tasarladıkları haberleri Sabah Gazetesi hükümetin, Sözcü Gazetesi ise muhalefetin söylemlerini ön plana çıkararak sunmaktadır. Her iki gazetenin de haber içeriklerini kendi ideolojik bakış açılarıyla ele aldıkları ideolojik eksen üzerinden değerlendirdikleri görülmektedir.
EUROPEAN STANDARDS FOR THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT AND RIGHT TO FREE CHOICE OF RESIDENCE
Authors: Yablunovska K.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the system of standards for the right to freedom of movement and the right to free choice of residence that exist in the European Union. A wide range of general and special legal methods and techniques of scientific knowledge are used, in particular: comparative law, systemstructural and formal- dogmatic research methods, as well as the methods of scientific knowledge (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, classification, etc). As a result of the study, the author substantiates the scientific position that the existing system of standards for the right to freedom of movement and the right to free choice of residence in Ukraine only partially meets the standards of these rights that exist in EU member states. The difference between these standards exists on the level of specifics of legal regulation for the implementation of these human rights by family members of citizens of EU member states, as well as the goals pursued by the implementation of relevant standards. Bringing Ukrainian standards of these human rights in line with European counterparts involves rule-making activities of public administration. The source of such rule-making should be Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States amending Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 and repealing Directives 64/221/EEC, 68/360/EEC, 72/194/EEC, 73/148/EEC, 75/34/EEC, 75/35/EEC, 90/364/EEC, 90/365/EEC and 93/96/EEC (2004). The effectiveness of bringing Ukrainian standards for the right to freedom of movement and the right to free choice of residence in line with EU standard will be increased significantly if the public administration has standards for legal regulation of relations between it and individuals in the process of exercising these rights by the latter. In our opinion, the Allgemeine Verwaltungsvorschrift zum Freizügigkeitsgesetz / EU (AVV zum FreizügG / EU) (General Administrative Code of the Law on Freedom of Movement of Citizens) can be considered as such a standard, as it is created in strict accordance with the EU Directive and other EU legal acts
Tocilizumab treatment and outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients: Retrospective study from a tertiary care institute in western India
Authors: RK Peta , HP Panchal , A Patel , S Parikh , D Khanikar , N Himthani
Published: January 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic caused by a novel beta coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The symptoms range from mild to severe in nature. The severity of respiratory symptoms is due to the cytokine storm. The tocilizumab, interleukin-6 inhibitor, can prevent the cytokine release and decrease the mortality. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective observational study of 20 COVID-19 positive cases who received tocilizumab. Results and conclusion: There were 75% males with a mean age of 47.20±9.68 years in our study. 50% had diabetes mellitus, 35% had hypertension, 5% had Chronic kidney disease, 5% had obesity and 5% had hypothyroidism. Mortality was reduced to 65% with tocilizumab administration. There was statistically significant reduction of C- reactive protein (p<0.00052) and IL-6 (interleukin) (p<0.023) after administration of tocilizumab. Keywords: tocilizumab; interleukin-6; COVID-19; C-reactive protein
Neurological manifestations due to, during and after COVID-19
Authors: A Patil , S Mohandas
Published: January 2021

With the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many neurological manifestations have been linked to what began as an outbreak of atypical pneumonia. Like other corona viruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has potential for neurotropism. Viral invasion and likely pathogenecity has been associated with expression of ACE-2 receptors along endothelia and olfactory mucosa. Hyperinflammatory response after systemic infection is in part responsible for the severity and multi-organ dysfunction seen in severe cases. Features like encephalitis, central and peripheral demyelinating disorders, cranial neuropathies, stroke are seen not only in patients with severe illness but at times preceding any systemic symptoms. Neurological disorders are not only part of acute illness phase but also seen in postinfectious phase likely due to immune mediated effect. Also, long term sequelae in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19, either due to systemic complications or direct virus mediated effect are a matter of concern. High suspicion and early recognition of possible presenting features and neurological complications in severely affected patients is key for management. With the rapidity and enormity of ongoing pandemic whether these observations are causal or casual is yet to be determined. Further collaborations for comparisons of observations across the world in necessary to understand the potential impact of COVID-19. Accessing these observations will help in better understanding the agent host and environmental factors determining the expected impact of this pandemic. Reorganizing health care facilities to apt for better handling COVID-19 over time to come will help to mitigate the impact. Keywords: COVID-19; neurological manifestations; encephalitis; stroke; neurotropism
Facts and challenges in convalescent plasma therapy in COVID-19
Authors: H Kumar
Published: January 2021

The present coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought the focus back onto the passive immunization potential of the Convalescent plasma. This however has many challenges as availability of recovered patients as donors, eligibility of recovered patients for convalescent plasma donation, Safety profile of convalescent plasma. Considering the lack of efficacious treatments for COVID 19 and the epidemic situation with high mortality rate, the evaluation of convalescent plasma therapy in COVID-19 is the need of the hour. In this article, the feasibility and challenges are discussed based on the literature published on role of convalescent plasma therapy in COVID-19. Based on the limited scientific data available, convalescent plasma transfusion (CPT) therapy in COVID-19 patients appears safe, clinically effective, and reduces mortality. However an ongoing clinical study at our Centre should give us a good direction to establish the efficacy of CPT to COVID-19 patients. Keywords: convalescent plasma therapy; COVID-19; coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2
A review on importance of biochemical markers in coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
Authors: L Lagisetty , RC Darapuneni
Published: January 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen responsible for the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The disease mainly affects the respiratory system of the patient, in particular, the lungs, presenting with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute respiratory failure. Laboratory findings are adding importance in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of COVID. The biochemical parameters are altered based on severity of the disease and its complications. D-dimer and LDL are commonly elevated in patients with COVID-19 and are reliable prognostic markers for in-hospital mortality in patients admitted for COVID-19. Hyperferritinemia and disease severity in patients with COVID-19 is positively correlated. It is said that the detrimental effects on liver injury were related to certain medications used during hospitalization, which warrants frequent monitoring and evaluation for these patients. SARS-CoV-2 affects the patients with COVID-19 in aspects of direct infection of myocardial injury, specific binding to functional receptors on cardiomyocytes, and immune-mediated myocardial injury. Therefore, early, simple and effective diagnosis of severe COVID-19 pneumonia is of great significance in reducing mortality and shortening the hospitalization period. Keywords: SARS- CoV-2; COVID 19; pneumonia; inflammatory markers
Assessment of the Formation of Communication Skills Using VB-MAPP in Preschool Children with ASD
Authors: Gryaznova A.N. , Vasina V.V.
Published: January 2021

The level of formation of communication skills in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is studied. The article presents the material of an empirical study conducted in kindergartens in Kazan. The research involved 8 children aged 4 to 7 years with ASD. The authors focused on the criteria and indicators of the main functional classes of verbal behavior identified in the program of M. Sandberg "Assessment of milestones in the development of verbal behavior and building an individual intervention plan", VB-MAPP. The assessment is based on 170 parameters, which are divided into three age groups. The results obtained postulate a large spread of indicators on the test scales and the lack of dependence of the level of communication on age-suggest that all diagnosed children have a lack of development of communication and behavioral skills in all the presented groups, and other difficulties. The least formed were mands and intraverbal skills. All respondents need an intensive program of work, including the development of social skills: communication, speech comprehension, cooperation, and interaction.
Influence of genetic characteristics of Helicobacter pylori on pathomorphology of gastric mucosa in young persons with chronic gastritis
Authors: Spivak E. M. , Manyakina O. M. , Akkuratova-Maksimova I. S.
Published: January 2021

Objective. To evaluate the effect of the genetic characteristics of Helicobacter pylori on the nature of pathomorphological disorders in the gastric mucosa in chronic Hp-associated gastritis in young people.

Material and methods. Forty-two adults (25 men and 17 women) aged 19 to 40 years with Hp-associated chronic gastritis were examined. The severity and activity of inflammation, as well as the presence of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were determined in gastrobioptates. Genetic typing of Hp was performed for 16 pathogenicity factors of infect: CagA, CagM, CagT, CagH, CagC, CagF, CagE, VacAs1 and As2, IceA, Baba; HpaA; OipA, AlpB; UreB and UreI using polymerase chain reaction.

Results. Pathogenic Hp strains were detected in 59.5 % of patients. Factors of adhesion HpaA (83.3 %), OipA (81 %), and AlpB (83.3 %) were identified with the highest frequency. In 57.1 % of cases, cytotoxin of the Cag group was detected, and 54.8 % of patients had a positive CagA-status. The VacA S1 allele was registered in 73.8 %, VacA S2 in 4.8 %, IceA in 38.1 %, and BabA in 45.2 % of cases. The presence of Hp strains in the gastric mucosa, which have three or more pathogenicity island genes, significantly increases the severity and activity of the inflammatory process, revealing signs of moderate atrophy of the digestive tract and intestinal metaplasia.

Conclusions. Colonization of the gastric mucosa in young patients with Hp-associated chronic gastritis by highly pathogenic Hp strains leads to severe violations of its morphology.
Contribution of changes in iron metabolism in pathogenesis of chronic diffuse liver diseases
Authors: Shchekotova A. P. , Bulatova I. A.
Published: January 2021

Objective. To assess the role of iron metabolism changes in the pathogenesis of chronic diffuse liver diseases (CDLD). Assessment of the hepatic fibrosis progression and the most significant factors, influencing it, is still an actual target of modern medicine. A certain interest from the point of view of complex approach to studying the mechanism of development and progression of fibrosis is the determination of serum markers of iron metabolism.

Materials and methods. The study included 170 patients with CDLD: 150 with chronic viral hepatitis C and 20 with alcohol hepatic cirrhosis (AHC). Iron metabolism indices and functional hepatic biochemical tests were studied. Expression of hepatic fibrosis in hepatitis was estimated by means of the liver density index with the scale METAVIR using the data of ultrasound elastography (Fibroscan 502, Echosens, France); fibrosis development rate was calculated with T. Poynard method. The control group enclosed 100 persons.

Results. There was revealed a significant elevation of the blood ferritin concentration among patients with chronic hepatitis up to 107.9 [31; 250] ng/ml compared with the control (22.0 [11; 33] ng/ml) and to 325.8 [209; 401] ng/ml in patients with AHC.

Conclusions. Progression of fibrosis into cirrhosis in patients with CDLD is interconnected with iron metabolism disorders in the form of increased ferritin concentration, which correlates with the parameters of liver lesion severity that confirms a direct involvement of iron metabolism disorders in CDLD pathogenesis.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among workers exposed to in-dustrial aerosols: literature review
Authors: Panachevа L. A. , Shpagina L. A.
Published: January 2021

The article presents a literature review regarding the formation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in conditions of the exposure of industrial aerosols. It shows a high frequency of occupational respiratory hazards, characterizes the diseases caused by air pollution with industrial and indoor pollutants, allergens and toxins in different occupational groups as well as basic conditions for development of dust pathology of the lungs.
Pregnancy management tactics in fetal hemolytic disease. Literature review
Authors: Fedchenko M. V. , Maslennikova Yu. S.
Published: January 2021

Hemolytic disease of the fetus is one of the types of pathological abnormalities in the development of the fetus, the reason of which is isoimmune hemolytic anemia. Depending on the degree of severity of this pathology, it can influence the development of the fetus both in a mild form, practically leaving no trace and in a severe form, which can cause fetal death.

When carrying out a timely diagnostic research to detect this pathology, tactics of pregnancy management should differ, that will allow maintaining of pregnancy and ensure normal development of the fetus just until the moment of childbirth. To determine the tactics, which will be used during pregnancy management, it is necessary to identify not only the symptoms of hemolytic diseases of the fetus but its degree as well. Depending on the degree of severity of this disease, the activities will differ. If the disease is developing in a mild form, a pregnant woman is thoroughly observed and repeatedly diagnosed; if it is a severe form, intrauterine fetal blood transfusions are regularly conducted. The tactics of managing pregnancy with the detected fetal hemolytic disease will differ from the standard one and its right choice will ensure normal development of the fetus and term labor with minimum risks for both a mother and a child.
Diastolic function of left ventricle and importance of tissue doppler echocardiography in patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Magerramova L. I.
Published: January 2021

Objective. To analyze the influence of coronary artery bypass grafting CABG) on the diastolic function DF) in patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus with the preserved systolic function of the left ventricle LV) using tissue myocardial Doppler echocardiography TMD). The increase in the number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 DM) is one of the causes of a constant growth of the quantity of patients with coronary artery disease CAD). Taking into account the character of vascular bed lesion in patients with type 2 DM, revascularization of myocardium is significant for CAD treatment in this group of patients.

Materials and methods. The study included 122 patients diagnosed coronary artery disease mean age 58.8 0.7 years, men 81.1 %), who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. The patients were divided into two groups: group 152 patients with CAD without type 2 DM; group 270 patients with CAD and type 2 DM. To assesss the diastolic function using pulse-wave Dollper PWD), there were estimated the velocity and time characteristics of the transmitral blood flow by means of TMD myocardium movement velocity at the level of the mitral valve fibrous ring.

Results. The quantity of the detected patients with diastolic dysfunction DD) when using both PWD and TMD with type 2 DM 85.7 %, without type 2 DM 65.3 %) in both groups was higher compared with PWD applied alone with type 2 DM 77.3 %, without type 2 DM 59.6 %) p 0.001).

Conclusions. Among CAD patients with preserved systolic function of the left ventricle, who underwent CABG and have type 2 DM, the use of both PWD and TMD is more preferable for revealing DD and dynamic postoperative observation.
Strategy for correcting congenital progressive high myopia with astigmatism
Authors: Tarutta Elena P. , Markosian Gajane A. , Tarasova Natalia A.
Published: January 2021

The article presents a strategy for optical correction of congenital progressive high myopia with astigmatism, including bioptic correction with a combination of soft contact lenses and glasses. First, monofocal soft contact lenses are selected in accordance with the spherical component, and then the residual astigmatism is determined and correct with additional cylindrical glasses with perifocal refractive gain. This allows correcting both the central and peripheral defocus simultaneously.
Ecological and phytocoenotic features of the vegetation cover of the Beshpagir Heights (Stavropol Upland)
Authors: Belous Viktor Nikolaevich , Lykhvar Alexander Viktorovich
Published: January 2021

The authors have studied herbaceous communities in the steppe landscapes of the Beshpagir Heights and this paper presents the results of this study. The floristic and ecological structure of phytocoenoses on limestone outcrops of the parent rock is discussed. As a result of the research carried out in 20192020, 185 species of higher plants were identified in the modern flora of the studied steppes. There are descriptions of 16 accounting sites. A phytocoenotic table is presented, a characteristic of communities is given and their structure is described. The abundance of species and the distribution by relief elements and communities were determined by experts on the basis of field information. The features of communities and the reasons for their spatial differentiation are revealed. It has been suggested that the factors determining a diversity of steppe vegetation in the studied region should be the following ones: the degree of destruction of the parent rock and soil development, high insolation and low ecotope moisture. The steppe communities are distinguished by their species richness and are of significant conservation interest; they include such rare and endangered species as Psephellus annae, Stipa pulcherrima, S. pennata, Scabiosa isetensis, S. micrantha, Medicago cancellata, Astragalus bungeanus, A. pseudotataricus, A. calycinus, Iris pumila, I. notha, Erodium stevenii, Thymus daghestanicus, Gypsophila glomerata, Allium inaequale, etc. The authors have shown that the studied steppes are important for the preservation of the biological diversity of the region; habitats of rare species are of scientific importance. By this research the authors have tried to emphasize the regional specificity of the studied communities, due to the geographical, ecological-coenotic and historical features. The results obtained will make it possible to assess the real phytocoenotic diversity of the steppe complex of the region, as well as to update further work on the inventory and monographic generalization of vegetation materials of the Stavropol territory. The typology of steppe vegetation can be detailed in further work.
Some parameters of mesoclimates that determine altitude differentiation of forest formations on the Belyagush Ridge (South Ural Reserve)
Authors: Gorichev Yuriy Petrovich
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the results of studies of forest biogeocenoses on the Belyagush ridge. The analysis of materials was carried out in order to establish the boundaries of the high-altitude distribution of forest formations on the slopes of the Belyagush ridge, to determine the mesoclimatic parameters of ecotopes occupied by the formations, to clarify the presence and extent of temperature inversions. Forest test plots, the absolute heights of which were established, were used as markers of the height boundaries of the formations. Based on these data, the high-altitude strip of deciduous forests, marked with 7 test plots, occupies an altitude interval from 436 to 512 m above sea level, a strip of subnemoral broad-leaved-dark coniferous forests, marked with 10 test plots, occupies an altitude interval from 520 to 650 m on the western slope and an interval of 596630 m above sea level on the eastern slope. The belt of ridge dark coniferous forests is marked with 1 trial plot located at an altitude of 830 m above sea level. The analyzed data of 4-year microclimatic observations indicate significant differences in the thermal regimes of ecotopes occupied by associations of deciduous and dark coniferous forests, comparable to latitudinal gradients. A comparative analysis of January amplitudes of the minimum daily temperatures on 3 sample plots located on an altitude profile extending from the Revet River valley through the middle part of the eastern slope to the top of the Belyagush ridge revealed frequent temperature inversions in winter. Over the observation period in January, inversions at the altitude segment of 470605 m were observed from 14 to 24 days, on the segment 605830 m from 7 to 14 days, while the maximum positive vertical temperature gradients in these segments reached from +8,5C/100 m to +8,9C/100 m and from +1,3C/100 m to +2,7C/100 m.
Features of ecosystem services supply by agroecosystems of the Samara Region gardens
Authors: Kavelenova Lyudmila Mikhailovna , Petrova Anna Borisovna , Antipenko Maria Ivanovna , Minin Anatoly Nikolaevich
Published: January 2021

The concept of ecosystem services, which has been developed over the past 20 years in foreign and native scientific literature, is to a different extent specified in relation to various types of ecosystems. A relatively new approach is its application to orchards as important components of human agricultural activity. The ecosystem functions they perform as regards to the volume and implementation effectiveness depend on the regional soil and climatic conditions and the technologies used. For the Samara Region, this problem is considered for the first time. Trends associated with the dynamics of the fruit and berry plantations area in the Russian Federation are discussed, including general indicators decrease simultaneously with the intensive orchards growth. At present, the Samara Region is significantly ahead of neighboring regions in the gardens area, with their minimum area in the Ulyanovsk Region. Other territorial units belonging to the Middle Volga horticultural province of the Saratov Region such as republics of Tatarstan, Bashkortostan possess significant areas occupied by the gardens. In addition to large horticultural farms, the cultivation of fruit crops in the Samara Region is widespread among the local population. Horticultural agrocenoses of industrial and individual kinds, participating in the implementation of ecosystem services do it differently not only because of their different area scale. The authors explain this provision with examples related to specific groups of ecosystem services. The main target ecosystem service, growing of fruits, in terms of assortment and volume in the Samara Region is supplied to a greater extent at the expense of the individual orchards of the population. Agrotechnical features, implying large-scale treatment of industrial gardens with chemicals, pose a greater risk of environmental pollution. A greater variety of cultivated crops, varieties and organisms trophically associated with them as well as less intensive chemicalization level provide the gardens of the population with a leading position in the conservation of biological diversity, both natural and cultivated.
Microbiological monitoring of the production environment at the Birsk Dairy Plant
Authors: Maltseva Olga Nikolaevna , Islamova Aysilu Ayratovna
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the state of the production environment at the Birsk dairy plant. Milk and dairy products are one of the main human food products, and should be safe for microbiological indicators. Monitoring of the production environment was carried out to prevent secondary contamination of food with pathogenic microflora. The main methods of microbiological control in the production of dairy products that were used for the study are described. The paper presents the results of the sanitary and hygienic state of the air environment and drinking water of centralized water supply. Microbiological industrial monitoring of air and drinking water was carried out 4 times a year in the period from November 15 2019 to July 9 2020. 6 production facilities were selected for the study. During monitoring, microbiological parameters of the air environment were determined: NMAFAM (the number of mesophilic anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms), mold fungi and yeast. Microbiological parameters were determined in drinking water: total microbial number, total coliform bacteria, and thermotolerant coliform bacteria. The results of the analysis showed that the state of the production environment complies with all established norms and rules, and it is safe to produce dairy products in these conditions.
Ecological and coenotic groups of Orenburg Region vascular plants flora and biotopes phytoindication
Authors: Nazarenko Nazar Nikolayevich , Pohlebaev Sergei Mikhailovich , Malaev Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Tretyakova Irina Anatolyevna , Khodzhayev Askhat Koblanovich
Published: January 2021

The expert and statistical assessment of ecological and coenotic groups of Orenburg Region vascular plants flora has been done for A.L. Belgards coenomorphs scheme and scheme of vascular plants flora of temperate forest zone of European Russia. The regimes of principal ecological factors have identified for detected groups of flora. Both suggested schemes of groups give adequate and similar assessment of biotopes, proposed groups of Orenburg Region vascular plants flora are identified in phytometer scales space definitely and its groups can used for regional assessment of biotopes. It has been established, that steppe coenomorph has extensive coenotic amplitude in Orenburg Region conditions and make petrophilic, chasmophilic, mountain and semi-desert vegetation elements also. Sylvant coenomorph has formed boreal and nemoral sciophytes and heliosciophytes and coenotic group of semiarid steppe forests has not specific biotopic and coenotic value. Pratal coenomorph has been made up humidity-meadow flora, dry-meadow coenotic group is not specific. For Orenburg Region is recommends using unite pratal (meadow) and paludal coenomorphs and separation coenotic group of oligotrophic bogs and ruderal coenomorph, the separation of mountain coenotic group is not confirmed statistical. The best assessment of ecological flora of region are realize by combined coenomorphs and coenotic group schemes approach at the same time. It has been established methodical problems of statistical methods using by phytoindication, problems of transitional coenotic groups and problem of wood species assessment in phytometer scales, which are require further researches.
Variability of morphometric characters and sexual dimorphism of Galeodes araneoides (Pallas, 1772) (Arachnida, Solifugae, Galeodidae) in Eastern Transcaucasia
Authors: Novruzov Nizami Enver ogly
Published: January 2021

Using 20 morphometric characteristics and 6 indices, the variability and sexual dimorphism of the camel-spider Galeodes araneoides (Pallas, 1772) from 10 regions of Azerbaijan were studied. The species and sex of the individuals were determined taking into account the key diagnostic features and comparison with the identified materials from the collection fund of the Institute of Zoology of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. The variability of the general dimensions of the body and its individual parts (a total of 14 signs) was revealed. It was found that sexual dimorphism, manifested by 9 traits and 3 indices, is expressed to varying degrees in individuals from different regions: less pronounced in mid-mountainous and low-mountainous regions; more pronounced in foothill, plain and low-lying regions. The analysis of interpopulation variability of morphometric characters did not reveal clear geographical patterns: among representatives of both sexes, significant differences in the complex of characters were observed between individuals of samples located in relative proximity to each other, while individuals from distant samples were morphologically more similar. The manifestation of the variability of morphometric characters and sexual dimorphism is presumably less connected with the geographical features of the regions, and more connected with the existing ecological conditions. The variability of morphometric characters among individuals of the studied populations indicates a high ecological plasticity and a significant adaptive potential of the species.