bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A regression model for prediction of idler rotational resistance on belt conveyor
Authors: Lu Yan , Li Qing
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a regression model for prediction of idler rotational resistance on belt conveyor. The advantage of the regression model is that it is created according to the real experimental measurement. Besides, the predicted model corresponds with real operational parameters, such as radial force, rotational speed and measurements, conducted via using a laboratory test facility; several criteria have been used to verify the presented regression model. Finally, by analyzing the regression model combined with influence of radical force and rotational resistance on idler rotational resistance, this paper presents an operable control ideal to achieve energy-saving.
Successfully Communicating a Cocreated Innovation
Authors: Wang Helen Si , Noble Charles H. , Dahl Darren W. , Park Sungho
Published: April 2019

Despite the growing popularity of cocreation approaches to innovation, the bottom-line results of these efforts continue to frustrate many firms. Marketing communications are one important tool in stimulating consumer adoption, yet marketers to date have not taken advantage of a unique phenomenon associated with many cocreated innovations: the presence of a genesis story in the words of the creator, which can be combined in different ways with traditional marketing messaging. Using mixed methods, the authors demonstrate a crossover effect in which a “mismatch” of the fundamental motivations behind authentic creation narratives and traditional persuasive messages enhances adoption of the cocreated innovation. This effect is mediated by potential adopters’ self-referencing of their own stories about similar experiences or consumption episodes. Furthermore, the effect of a motivation mismatch strategy is attenuated for expert consumers. Finally, this motivation mismatch strategy triggers “takeoff” of cocreated innovations. This research offers substantial implications for research on cocreated innovation, narrative persuasion, and firm-generated and user-generated communication. It provides managers specific guidance on enhancing the success of cocreation programs through an integrated communications strategy.
Leveraging Relational Metaphors: An Analysis of Non-Parental Adult Roles in Response to Youth Needs
Authors: Arbeit Miriam R. , Johnson Haley E. , Grabowska Anita A. , Mauer Victoria A. , Deutsch Nancy L.
Published: April 2019

The present study takes a strength-based approach to understand how young people’s individual needs shape their relationships with significant non-parental adults across adolescence. The analyses drew from qualitative interviews with 27 youth across five time-points (3 years). Three types of youth needs were identified and labeled using metaphors that refer to other prominent relationships in youth lives: coach-like adults were providing help toward a specific achievement or skill development, friend-like adults were providing positive youth-focused companionship, and parent-like adults were nurturing a budding sense of self amid a plethora of life challenges. Each of these sets of youth needs was further examined through thematic analysis and case studies. Implications for future research and models of effective youth mentorship are discussed.
A space of transition and transaction
Authors: Counted Victor , Watts Fraser
Published: April 2019

This rejoinder acknowledges the empirical gaps and theoretical/theological disharmony highlighted in the three selected commentaries on Place Spirituality (PS), but we defend our central argument about the developmental pathways of PS. First, we provide an overview of recent studies on PS, highlighting what has been done so far in the field. Second, we draw from the commentaries to advance the understanding of PS in relation to three world religions: Islam, Christianity and Hinduism. Third, we evaluate the normative aspects of PS as a transactional versus transitional phenomenon. Finally, we defend the two contested developmental pathways to PS, involving the compensation and correspondence working models of attachment, while complementing these models using the motivational systems framework. We maintain that these models are relevant for understanding the relationship between religious attachment and place attachment among religious and non-religious people. Recommendations for further studies are made in relation to the broader implications of PS.
Evaluating the relationships among religion, social virtues, and meaning in life
Authors: Krause Neal , Hill Peter C , Ironson Gail
Published: April 2019

There is growing evidence that a sense of meaning in life may emerge, in part, from the social relationships that people maintain. But it is not clear how the relationship between social ties and a sense of meaning might arise. The purpose of this study is to see if meaning in life is associated with three socially focused virtues: compassion, forgiveness of others, and providing social support to others. In the process, an effort is made to see if these social virtues arise from social relationships in religious institutions. Two main findings emerge from a recent nationwide survey. First, people who are more compassionate, more forgiving, and who help others more often have a stronger sense of meaning in life. Second, individuals who receive more spiritual support from fellow church members are more likely to adopt these social virtues. The theoretical basis of these relationships is discussed.
The Situated Contexts of American Terrorism: A Conjunctive Analysis of Case Configurations
Authors: Gruenewald Jeff , Drawve Grant , Smith Brent L.
Published: April 2019

This study examines how combinations of situational factors are associated with patterns of terrorist success and failure. We apply Sacco and Kennedy’s criminal event perspective and Clarke and Newman’s situational crime prevention approach to the study of terrorist opportunity structures. Using data from the American Terrorism Study (ATS), we employ conjunctive analysis to investigate how opportunities for terrorist attacks and prevention are situationally positioned. We ask, “What combinations of terrorists’ ideological and situational factors are associated with terrorist outcomes in the United States?” While our findings generally show that the simplest forms of terrorism, including combinations of lone actors using unsophisticated weapons against nonhuman targets after little preparation, are associated with successful outcomes, there is heterogeneity in situated opportunities for preparing for and committing terrorism across terrorism movements. Our findings add insights into terrorism prevention strategies and help build a foundation for future comparative research on terrorism outcomes.
Storied lessons: Learning from anger in childhood by narrating
Authors: Pasupathi M. , Wainryb C. , Oldroyd K. , Bourne S.
Published: April 2019

We evaluated whether narrating anger-provoking events promoted learning from those events, as compared with other responses to anger, and whether the effectiveness of narrative depended on age. In addition, we tested relations between anger reduction and learning and, in a subset of participants, between narrative quality and learning. A sample of 248 young people (eight to 17 years old) recalled an anger-provoking experience and were randomly assigned to one of four activities: recalling the event a second time; narrating the event; and distraction (via video game play or conversation). The young people then recalled the event one last time, and rated the extent to which they had learned from that event. Younger children reported more learning when they had narrated their experience. Youths reported more learning when they had narrated the event more frequently prior to participation. Stronger reductions in anger following regulation were associated with greater self-reported learning. Finally, more elaborative and less resolved narratives were associated with greater self-reported learning.
Hamlet (RSC, 2016) and representations of diasporic blackness
Authors: Iyengar Sujata , Feracho Lesley
Published: April 2019

In 2016 Paapa Essiedu, a British actor of Ghanaian ancestry, starred as Hamlet in Simon Godwin’s lauded Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) production, set in a post-colonial African state whose non-specificity nonetheless irritated some reviewers. We contend, however, that the production mixed multiple referents of blackness (Eastern African, West African, Caribbean, South African, 1970s African American) in order deliberately to create an imaginary post-colonial domain where these different kinds of diasporic blackness engaged with each other through the figure of Hamlet and his art. We therefore examine how the concept of race changes with the transatlantic or transnational movement among spaces in this production.
Community music-based structures of learning (CoMu-Based SL): Pedagogical framework for the nurturance of future-ready habits of mind
Authors: Costes-Onishi Pamela
Published: April 2019

The landscape in which music is experienced in the 21st century has dramatically changed and scholarship in music education calls for classrooms in which teaching and learning are responsive to the new challenges. Furthermore, within the broader concerns of the place of the arts in the curriculum, the literature calls for empirical evidences grounded in the actual teaching and learning processes in the arts, in order to support claims that they nurture future-ready habits of mind and enhance academic performance. This study responds to these gaps by: (a) adapting the studio thinking framework of Hetland, Winner, Veneema and Sheridan to extract, through grounded theory methods, community music-based structures of learning and observe their corresponding pedagogies to nurture artistic thinking; (b) providing evidence for specific claims of community music such as inclusiveness through evidence of engagement across learner abilities; (c) demonstrating partnerships between community musicians, teachers and researchers; and (d) showing community music’s potential to develop students’ critical musicality.
The Digital Subject: People as Data as Persons
Authors: Goriunova Olga
Published: April 2019

This essay explores the return of the subject in the computational context, which I address as a digital subject. This digital subject encompasses a digital identifier, correlations in data or a data profile, moving between biological characteristics and symbolic expression. I focus on the processes through which digital subjects are constructed by matching, correlating, modelling, as well as how they become enactive. The ways of pulling data together into a digital subject is often presented as a logic of fact, where data is equated with documentary evidence. Instead, I propose the notion of the distance in which digital subjects are produced. Indexicality comes from outside of data, whereas the regard for the thick distance becomes a mark of the form of knowledge. I conclude by arguing for a posthumanities approach that establishes the distance while allowing for different subjects to be called upon.
Sampling-based incremental information gathering with applications to robotic exploration and environmental monitoring
Authors: Ghaffari Jadidi Maani , Valls Miro Jaime , Dissanayake Gamini
Published: April 2019

We propose a sampling-based motion-planning algorithm equipped with an information-theoretic convergence criterion for incremental informative motion planning. The proposed approach allows dense map representations and incorporates the full state uncertainty into the planning process. The problem is formulated as a constrained maximization problem. Our approach is built on rapidly exploring information-gathering algorithms and benefits from the advantages of sampling-based optimal motion-planning algorithms. We propose two information functions and their variants for fast and online computations. We prove an information-theoretic convergence for an entire exploration and information-gathering mission based on the least upper bound of the average map entropy. A natural automatic stopping criterion for information-driven motion control results from the convergence analysis. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithms using three scenarios: comparison of the proposed information functions and sensor configuration selection, robotic exploration in unknown environments, and a wireless signal strength monitoring task in a lake from a publicly available dataset collected using an autonomous surface vehicle.
Modified expansive laminoplasty and fusion compared with anterior cervical surgeries in treating four-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy
Authors: Zhou Chuanli , Liu Chenguang , Panchal Ripul R. , Ma Xuexiao , Chen Xiaoliang
Published: April 2019

Objective

To compare modified expansive laminoplasty and fusion (MELF) with anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF), and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), in treating four-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Methods

This retrospective study included patients with four-level CSM who had undergone surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between January 2013 and May 2015. D-values, Cobb’s angle, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and quality of life (SF-36 scores) were compared between patients treated with ACCF/ACDF versus MELF.

Results

Twenty-six patients who underwent ACCF/ACDF and 26 who underwent MELF were included, and all showed bone fusion following treatment. The most common complications were dysphasia (12/26) in the ACCF/ACDF group and axial neck pain (7/26) in the MELF group. C5 nerve root palsy was not observed in either group. D value and Cobb’s angle changes showed that ACDF/ACCF was more effective in curve correction than MELF. Postoperative improvements in JOA and SF-36 scores were noted in both groups, with no statistically significant between-group differences.

Conclusion

Anterior and posterior approaches may produce similar clinical outcomes in the surgical management of four-level CSM. MELF may avoid known complications of the posterior approach.
Fast flex: Strategic design for industrial real estate in the age of corporate agility
Authors: Sternberg Ernest , LiPuma V. Jeffrey , Warren Harry
Published: April 2019

In view of global hypercompetition and technological change, the strategic management literature observes a shift away from competitiveness based on long-term competence to that based on flexibility. As corporations adopt strategies of corporate agility in production and distribution, they often respond by divesting themselves of fixed landholdings. They increasingly outsource their space needs to real estate developers who act as space providers. While this trend occurs in both office and industrial properties, it is less understood in the latter. Industrial land developers must now quickly (“fast”) adjust properties to fulfill the corporate clients’ demand for flexibility (“flex”). Sites, physical structures, and contracts have to be designed to foster rapid transition from one occupant and building configuration to another and to serve multiple submarkets and client preferences.
Disruption and the matching market for new multifamily housing in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Sharam Andrea Gayle
Published: April 2019

A key area of system impact of the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) is the radical improvement in the functioning of matching markets. Matching markets are markets in which agents seek to be paired with someone or something with the criteria for matching often highly specific. Traditionally, the cost and difficulty in matching means many of these markets have not functioned well. Uber and Airbnb are examples of new matching market matchmakers that have been ‘turbo-charged’ by new digital technologies, resulting in what Parker et al. describe as a ‘platform revolution’. In this article, we examine the traditional, but poorly functioning, matching market for new multifamily housing development in Melbourne, Australia, and the potential for disruption offered by a new platform, Nightingale Housing Ltd. (NHL). Improved matching has been critical to the model and the Internet has been central to this. The NHL model has the potential for systems impact as outlined by Schwab in his conception of 4IR.
Pilot Evaluation of a Conservation Corps Program for Young Adults
Authors: Sayegh Caitlin S. , Huey Stanley J. , Schneiderman Janet U. , Redmond Sarah A.
Published: April 2019

Education and employment programs may be effective at reducing problem behaviors among at-risk young adults. This pilot study evaluated whether participants in a Conservation Corps program ( N = 100) showed changes in antisocial behavior, gang membership, and substance use during the program. Participants were young adults between 18 and 24 years who were predominantly male (60%) and ethnic minority (62% Latino; 31% African American). Over the course of the 22-week program, participants showed significant decreases in self-reported antisocial behavior and gang involvement, and approximately 28% earned a high school diploma. However, only 61% completed the program, and subgroup analyses suggested that decreased gang membership and antisocial behaviors were mostly driven by program completers. These limited pilot results suggest that the Conservation Corps offers vulnerable young adults opportunities for education advancement and a possible pathway to criminal desistance. However, education and employment programs should make retention a priority.
Volume Estimation using Traffic Signal Event-Based Data from Video-Based Sensors
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Wu Yao-Jan , Chiu Yi-Chang
Published: April 2019

Traffic volume data is one of the most critical variables for signal retiming. However, collecting traffic volume manually can be time-consuming and costly. In recent years, video-based sensor systems have been applied on signalized intersections for signal timing control. The detectors in video-based sensors generate large amounts of real-time high-resolution event-based data, including signal status and detection status data. The vehicle arrivals for each detection event is a stochastic process and has a relationship with the signal status and the detection duration (time occupancy). Therefore, a modified dynamic hidden Markov model (DHMM) is proposed to estimate vehicular volume by modeling the vehicle arrivals using event-based data collected at signalized intersections. The concept of an additional hidden state is introduced to make the vehicular volume finite by grouping volumes that have only a small probability of occurring into one hidden state. Additionally, a linear regression model is built to estimate the vehicular volume when the output of the DHMM is an additional hidden state. The resulting mean absolute percentage errors of the 15-min estimated volume are 14.1%, 10.3%, and 10.5%, respectively, at three study locations in Tucson, Arizona.
Examining Relationship between Driver Characteristics and Critical Target Identification Failures
Authors: Ho Yi-Mo , Lin Jia-Hua , Chen Karen B.
Published: April 2019

The main objective of this study was to examine driver demographic, anthropometric, and functional characteristics that may influence the ability of drivers in identifying critical targets (e.g., emergency vehicles) in the rear quarter blind spots while changing lane. This research employed a cost-effective approach using a consumer grade virtual reality apparatus to create driving scenarios. The experimental task was vehicle identification in various blind spots during a driving simulation. Logistic regression models were constructed to identify characteristics that were associated with critical target identification failures. Results from this experimental task indicated that factors contributed to vehicle identification error were age ( p < 0.01) and degree of functional rotation ( p < 0.1). The effect of participants’ baseline neck range of motion was statistically insignificant in the logistic regression models, which suggests that age and degree of functional rotation played a larger role in vehicle identification for this task. Findings may contribute to the design of related training and education programs for drivers in the future.
Analysis of the Long-Term Variations in Traffic Capacity at Freeway Bottleneck
Authors: Shiomi Yasuhiro , Xing Jian , Kai Hodaka , Katayama Tomoya
Published: April 2019

In this paper, the long-term variation in traffic capacity at nine typical bottlenecks on intercity expressways in Japan is analyzed. The evaluation indices of traffic capacity are defined based on three factors: the ease of phase transition from free flow to congested flow is represented by the fifth-percentile traffic volume of breakdown probability; its reliability is defined by the gap between the 50th- and fifth-percentile traffic volume of breakdown probability; and the smoothness of traffic flow after the capacity drop is evaluated as the mean of the queue discharge flow rate. The findings show that: (i) the fifth-percentile traffic volume of traffic breakdown probability shows a long-term decreasing tendency, and the values in August and December are lower than the yearly average; and (ii) the gap between the 50th- and fifth -percentile traffic volume of traffic breakdown probability and discharge flow rate tend to decrease, but the trends are not significant. Finally, we suggest that the decreasing trends might be attributed to slight changes in driving skills, driving characteristics, or vehicle types.
Neuronal Activity in Non-LNv Clock Cells Is Required to Produce Free-Running Rest:Activity Rhythms in Drosophila
Authors: Bulthuis Nicholas , Spontak Katrina R. , Kleeman Benjamin , Cavanaugh Daniel J.
Published: April 2019

Circadian rhythms in behavior and physiology are produced by central brain clock neurons that can be divided into subpopulations based on molecular and functional characteristics. It has become clear that coherent behavioral rhythms result from the coordinated action of these clock neuron populations, but many questions remain regarding the organizational logic of the clock network. Here we used targeted genetic tools in Drosophila to eliminate either molecular clock function or neuronal activity in discrete clock neuron subsets. We find that neuronal firing is necessary across multiple clock cell populations to produce free-running rhythms of rest and activity. In contrast, such rhythms are much more subtly affected by molecular clock suppression in the same cells. These findings demonstrate that network connectivity can compensate for a lack of molecular oscillations within subsets of clock cells. We further show that small ventrolateral (sLNv) clock neurons, which have been characterized as master pacemakers under free-running conditions, cannot drive rhythms independent of communication between other cells of the clock network. In particular, we pinpoint an essential contribution of the dorsolateral (LNd) clock neurons, and show that manipulations that affect LNd function reduce circadian rhythm strength without affecting molecular cycling in sLNv cells. These results suggest a hierarchical organization in which circadian information is first consolidated among one or more clock cell populations before accessing output pathways that control locomotor activity.
Slapping Them Into Heaven? Individual and Social Religiosity, Religious Fundamentalism, and Belief in Heaven and Hell as Predictors of Support for Corporal Punishment
Authors: Beller Johannes , Kröger Christoph , Kliem Sören
Published: April 2019

Support for corporal punishment (CP) has been associated with religiosity. Yet, little is known about which aspects of religiosity predict support for CP. To close this gap in the literature, we investigated how individual and social religiosity, religious fundamentalism, belief in heaven, belief in hell, and demographic variables contribute for the support of CP. We analyzed population-based cross-sectional data, as gathered in the General Social Survey, with a final sample size of n = 671. Using ordinal regression, we found that increased support for CP was best predicted by belief in heaven and religious fundamentalism. These results suggest that support for CP seems to emerge mainly from absolute belief in divine reward and retribution. Religious parents might endorse CP as a means to ensure that their children enter heaven.
The Power of Workplace Rewards: Using Self-Determination Theory to Understand Why Reward Satisfaction Matters for Workers Around the World
Authors: Thibault Landry Anaïs , Whillans Ashley
Published: April 2019

How can workplace rewards promote employee well-being and engagement? To answer these questions, we utilized self-determination theory to examine whether reward satisfaction predicted employee well-being, job satisfaction, intrinsic motivation and affective commitment, as well as valuable organizational outcomes, such as workplace contribution and loyalty. Specifically, we investigated the role of three universal psychological needs—autonomy, competence and relatedness—in explaining whether and why reward satisfaction matters for employees’ well-being. We tested our model in a large, cross-sectional study with full-time employees working for multinational corporations in six main world regions: Asia, Europe, India, Latin America, North America and Oceania ( N = 5,852). Consistent with our theorizing, we found cross-cultural evidence that reward satisfaction promoted greater employee functioning through psychological need satisfaction, contributing to better organizational outcomes. Critically, our results were consistent regardless of geographic location. As such, this study provides some of the strongest evidence to date for the power of understanding psychological mechanisms in the workplace: Regardless of the actual rewards that employees received, how workplace rewards made employees feel significantly predicted their optimal functioning.
Study on the surface forming mechanism of the solid–liquid two-phase grinding fluid polishing pipe based on large eddy simulation
Authors: Li Junye , Su Ningning , Wei Lili , Zhang Xinming , Yin Yanlu , Zhao Weihong
Published: April 2019

To study the surface forming mechanism of the solid–liquid two-phase abrasive flow processing, the large eddy simulation method was used. Taking a 90° stainless steel elbow as the research object, the action mechanism of the dynamic pressure, wall shear force, flow state of the abrasive flow at different cross-sections, formation of the vortex, and trajectory of the abrasive flow on the inner surface of the elbow with abrasive flow composed of solid-phase silicon carbide and liquid-phase hydraulic oil are discussed. This study explores the distribution characteristics of the flow pattern of solid–liquid two-phase abrasive flow. Moreover, the wear and erosion of the abrasive grain and the wall of the workpiece are discussed. The mechanism of surface formation of solid–liquid two-phase abrasive flow is revealed.
Entropy production analysis for the clocking effect between inducer and impeller in a high-speed centrifugal pump
Authors: Yang Baofeng , Li Bin , Chen Hui , Liu Zhanyi
Published: April 2019

The clocking effect between the inducer and the impeller has a certain impact on the performance of the high-speed centrifugal pump, which however, is often ignored by designers. In the present study, three-dimensional numerical simulation based on Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes method is adopted to evaluate the influence of this clocking effect on the performance of a full-scale liquid rocket engine oxygen turbopump. A novel entropy production method with the correction of wall effects was introduced to evaluate the energy loss generated in the pump and to clarify the formation mechanism of this clocking effect from the perspective of the second law of thermodynamics. Results show that the best performance is captured when the relative circumferential angle between the inducer blade trailing edge and the impeller blade leading edge was set as 0° and the maximum difference in pump efficiency is approximately 1.5% at different clocking positions. The entropy production analysis of each component of the pump reveals that the clocking effect on the pump performance mainly originates from the turbulent dissipation in the impeller and the diffuser. The study of the local entropy production rate and the streamline distributions shows that the formation of this clocking effect is owing to the different extent of the separation vortices in the impeller passage near the shroud and the impeller blade wake in the diffuser inlet as well as the backflow vortices in the diffuser blade passage near the volute tongue.
Regression analysis in an illness-death model with interval-censored data: A pseudo-value approach
Authors: Sabathé Camille , Andersen Per K , Helmer Catherine , Gerds Thomas A , Jacqmin-Gadda Hélène , Joly Pierre
Published: April 2019

Pseudo-values provide a method to perform regression analysis for complex quantities with right-censored data. A further complication, interval-censored data, appears when events such as dementia are studied in an epidemiological cohort. We propose an extension of the pseudo-value approach for interval-censored data based on a semi-parametric estimator computed using penalised likelihood and splines. This estimator takes interval-censoring and competing risks into account in an illness-death model. We apply the pseudo-value approach to three mean value parameters of interest in studies of dementia: the probability of staying alive and non-demented, the restricted mean survival time without dementia and the absolute risk of dementia. Simulation studies are conducted to examine properties of pseudo-values based on this semi-parametric estimator. The method is applied to the French cohort PAQUID, which included more than 3,000 non-demented subjects, followed for dementia for more than 25 years.
The credibility of scientific communication sources regarding climate change: A population-based survey experiment
Authors: Sanz-Menéndez Luis , Cruz-Castro Laura
Published: April 2019

This article analyses whether different institutional sources of scientific information have an impact on its credibility. Through a population-based survey experiment of a national representative sample of the Spanish public, we measure the credibility that citizens attribute to scientific information on the evolution of CO2 emissions disclosed by different institutional sources (business associations, government, non-government environmental organisations, international bodies and national research institutions). The findings show that an institutional credibility gap exists in science communication. We also investigate the factors accounting for the credibility of the different institutional sources by examining variables related to knowledge, interest, trust, reputation, deference, attitudes, values and personal characteristics. Exploratory regression analyses reveal that identical variables can produce different effects on the credibility of scientific information, depending on the institutional source to which it is attributed.
Outcomes of CPC-CBT in Sweden Concerning Psychosocial Well-Being and Parenting Practice: Children’s Perspectives
Authors: Thulin Johanna , Nilsson Doris , Svedin Carl Göran , Kjellgren Cecilia
Published: April 2019

Purpose:

This study explores the outcome of the intervention combined parent child–cognitive behavioral therapy (CPC-CBT) for physically abused children.

Method:

This study includes a clinical sample of children ( n = 62) referred to Child Welfare Service due to reports of child physical abuse who completed CPC-CBT. A pretest/posttest design was applied to assess changes on the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC) after treatment and was compared with normative values. In addition, the occurrence of corporal punishment from pre to posttest was explored.

Results:

Children reported a significant decrease in parental use of corporal punishment after treatment and a significant reduction in symptoms associated with trauma (decreased to normal values for TSCC). The positive changes remained at the 6-month follow-up.

Conclusions:

The CPC-CBT intervention seemed to decrease parental use of corporal punishment and increase the well-being of children. Clinical implications are discussed.
Imperfect Knowledge and Stable Governance in Democracies: An Agent-Based Model
Authors: Fernández-Márquez Carlos M. , Vázquez Francisco J. , Medina Luis Fernando
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we introduce an agent-based model of elections and government formation where voters do not have perfect knowledge about the parties’ ideological position. Although voters are boundedly rational, they are forward-looking in that they try to assess the likely impact of the different parties over the resulting government. Thus, their decision rules combine sincere and strategic voting: they form preferences about the different parties but deem some of them as inadmissible and try to block them from office. We find that the most stable and durable coalition governments emerge at intermediate levels of informational ambiguity. When voters have very poor information about the parties, their votes are scattered too widely, preventing the emergence of robust majorities. But also, voters with highly precise perceptions about the parties will cluster around tiny electoral niches with a similar aggregate effect.
Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance Across Gender and Age-Group of the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire–Children (PTQ-C) in Colombia
Authors: Ruiz Francisco J. , Salazar Daniela M. , Suárez-Falcón Juan C. , Peña-Vargas Andrés , Ehring Thomas , Barreto-Zambrano María L. , Gómez-Barreto María P.
Published: April 2019

Recent research has found that repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is an important transdiagnostic process both in adult and child psychopathology. This finding has led some authors to design content-independent measures of RNT that can be administered across disorders. One of these instruments is the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ) and its version for children (PTQ-C). This study presents the Spanish translation of the PTQ-C and its psychometric analysis in a sample of 1,127 Colombian children and adolescents (8-18 years old). All items obtained good discrimination indexes, and internal consistency was excellent (.93). A cross-validation study was conducted to analyze the factor structure of the PTQ-C, which strongly supported the one-factor structure. Measurement invariances across gender and age-group (8-12 and 13-18 years old) were also found. The PTQ-C scores for older boys were lower than for younger boys, whereas the inverse pattern was found for girls. The PTQ-C showed strong correlations with measures of pathological worry, emotional symptoms, and psychological inflexibility. In conclusion, the Spanish translation of the PTQ-C appears to be a valid and reliable measure of RNT.
A nonlinear viscoelastic model for NSGT nanotubes conveying fluid incorporating slip boundary conditions
Authors: Farajpour Ali , Farokhi Hamed , Ghayesh Mergen H.
Published: April 2019

A nonlinear viscoelastic model is developed for the dynamics of nanotubes conveying fluid. The influences of strain gradients and stress nonlocality are incorporated via a nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT). Since at nanoscales, the assumptions of no-slip boundary conditions are not valid, the Beskok–Karniadakis theory is used to overcome this problem. The coupled nonlinear differential equations are derived via performing an energy/work balance. The derived equations along the transverse and axial axes are simultaneously solved to obtain the nonlinear frequency response. For this purpose, Galerkin's technique together with a continuation method are utilized. The frequency response is investigated in both subcritical and supercritical flow regimes.
Research and Evaluation With Community-Based Projects: Approaches, Considerations, and Strategies
Authors: Andrews Naomi C. Z. , Pepler Debra J. , Motz Mary
Published: April 2019

Researcher–community partnerships are a necessary but not sufficient facet of effective research and evaluation with community-based projects and in clinical settings. This article describes two approaches that we have integrated into a multiyear, multiphase research and evaluation initiative supporting the health and well-being of vulnerable families. Specifically, we adopted a relational approach, intentionally and consistently focusing on building relationships, and a trauma-informed approach, highlighting safety across all levels. These innovative approaches have facilitated success in conducting safe, meaningful research and evaluation with community partners. Based on these approaches, we outline specific strategies and key considerations used in the context of the initiative, with the goal of encouraging others to adopt relational and trauma-informed methodological approaches and use these frameworks in research and evaluation efforts in applied settings.
Efficacy and toxicity of mustargen, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone (MOPP) for the treatment of relapsed or resistant lymphoma in cats
Authors: MaloneyHuss Martha A , Mauldin Glenna E , Brown Dorothy C , Veluvolu Sridhar M , Krick Erika L
Published: April 2019

Objectives

The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety of mustargen, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone (MOPP) chemotherapy in the treatment of relapsed or refractory feline lymphoma, and to determine the overall response rate and median remission time with this protocol.

Methods

The medical records of 38 cats with relapsed or refractory lymphoma treated with MOPP chemotherapy at three institutions (University of Pennsylvania, the Animal Medical Center, and VCA Western Veterinary Specialist and Emergency Centre) were examined. Information evaluated included patient signalment, feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukemia virus status, anatomic location(s) of lymphoma, prior protocols (type and number), MOPP doses, MOPP response, remission duration, hematologic and biochemical parameters, and owner-reported adverse effects.

Results

Overall, 70.3% of cats responded to MOPP chemotherapy. Among the responders, the median remission duration was 166 days. The most common adverse effects were neutropenia and gastrointestinal upset, which were reported in 18.4% of cats. In 55.3% of cats, no adverse effects were reported. In total, 30.8% of responders continued to respond 6 months following the initiation of MOPP, and 15.4% maintained a response 1 year after starting MOPP.

Conclusions and relevance

MOPP is a safe protocol for the treatment of relapsed or refractory feline lymphoma, with a promising overall response rate and median remission time.
Main Clinical Use of Additive Manufacturing (Three-Dimensional Printing) in Finland Restricted to the Head and Neck Area in 2016–2017
Authors: Pettersson A.B.V. , Salmi M. , Vallittu P. , Serlo W. , Tuomi J. , Mäkitie A. A.
Published: April 2019

Background and Aims:

Additive manufacturing or three-dimensional printing is a novel production methodology for producing patient-specific models, medical aids, tools, and implants. However, the clinical impact of this technology is unknown. In this study, we sought to characterize the clinical adoption of medical additive manufacturing in Finland in 2016–2017. We focused on non-dental usage at university hospitals.

Materials and Methods:

A questionnaire containing five questions was sent by email to all operative, radiologic, and oncologic departments of all university hospitals in Finland. Respondents who reported extensive use of medical additive manufacturing were contacted with additional, personalized questions.

Results:

Of the 115 questionnaires sent, 58 received answers. Of the responders, 41% identified as non-users, including all general/gastrointestinal (GI) and vascular surgeons, urologists, and gynecologists; 23% identified as experimenters or previous users; and 36% identified as heavy users. Usage was concentrated around the head area by various specialties (neurosurgical, craniomaxillofacial, ear, nose and throat diseases (ENT), plastic surgery). Applications included repair of cranial vault defects and malformations, surgical oncology, trauma, and cleft palate reconstruction. Some routine usage was also reported in orthopedics. In addition to these patient-specific uses, we identified several off-the-shelf medical components that were produced by additive manufacturing, while some important patient-specific components were produced by traditional methodologies such as milling.

Conclusion:

During 2016–2017, medical additive manufacturing in Finland was routinely used at university hospitals for several applications in the head area. Outside of this area, usage was much less common. Future research should include all patient-specific products created by a computer-aided design/manufacture workflow from imaging data, instead of concentrating on the production methodology.
Public deliberations in the Council of the European Union: Introducing and validating DICEU
Authors: Wratil Christopher , Hobolt Sara B
Published: April 2019

The Council of the European Union is the European Union’s most powerful legislative body. Yet, we still have limited information about Council politics because of the lack of suitable data. This paper validates a new approach to studying Council politics entitled DICEU – Debates in the Council of the European Union. This approach is the first to leverage the public videos of Council deliberations as a data source. We demonstrate the face, convergent, and predictive validity of DICEU data. Governments’ ideal points scaled from these videos yield meaningful and well-known conflict dimensions. Moreover, governments’ positions during Council negotiations correlate highly with expert assessments and predict subsequent votes on legislative acts. We conclude that DICEU data provide a promising new approach to studying Council politics and multilevel governance.
Are policies and guidelines shaping tourism sustainability in South Africa? Critical Success Factors for tourism sustainability governance in the Drakensberg Region
Authors: Mutana Sarudzai , Mukwada Geoffrey
Published: April 2019

This paper employs the Critical Success Factor Framework to investigate the level to which current tourism business practices reflect the existing responsible tourism policies and regulations in the Drakensberg Mountain Region of South Africa. A survey was carried out among 80 tourism business operators, in conjunction with in-depth interviews with key informants from the local government departments. The findings of the study suggest that, although current policies and regulations amply cover all the important issues related to sustainable mountain route tourism, they are fragmented, left to the discretion of tourism and hospitality operators in the region and have not been sufficiently enforced among these operators. The policies and regulations governing tourism in the region are also not specific enough to guide tourism development in fragile mountain environments. This has left tourism sustainability in destinations within the region at the mercy and creativity of the tourism business operators, resulting in uneven practices. In conclusion, this paper adopts the Critical Success Factors Framework in developing possible steps towards improving the adoption of sustainable tourism in the region.
An evaluation of sustainability in large British companies
Authors: Iqbal Taskin , Keay Andrew
Published: April 2019

This article undertakes an assessment of the sustainability efforts of some of the largest companies that are listed on the FTSE 100 (a share index composed of the 100 largest companies that are listed on the London Stock Exchange according to market capitalisation). It provides empirical insights into how large listed British companies are addressing sustainability and their efforts in terms of incorporating sustainability factors into their business operations. The study was based on an extended content analysis of each company’s annual and sustainability reports. Our findings demonstrate that companies are trying to integrate sustainability in their business strategies even though there are variations in their efforts. There are indications that the majority of the companies have been able to embed sustainability in their strategy and operations and are now attempting to establish goals for further improvement. We found strong evidence of willingness to engage with relevant stakeholders to evaluate which sustainability issues are of importance to the particular companies and then to communicate to those relevant stakeholders the measures that have been taken to integrate sustainability in their business strategies. However, our findings also revealed areas where there is a need for further improvement such as compliance with international standards for sustainability reporting and establishment of better frameworks to enhance their sustainability efforts.
Developing Mixed Methods Crossover Analysis Approaches
Authors: Hitchcock John H. , Onwuegbuzie Anthony J.
Published: April 2019

Onwuegbuzie and Hitchcock (2015) provided an initial framework for conceptualizing and conducting advanced-level mixed analysis approaches. In the present article, we build on these efforts by altering the framework to focus on crossover analyses, which might help analysts see the various component steps that can go into crossover analyses and innovate their own forms of crossover work. In applying the framework, we specify three advanced-level crossover mixed analysis approaches: ethnographic crossover analyses, missing data crossover analyses, and nonverbal communication crossover analyses. The ideas presented here might inspire others to apply these crossover analysis approaches in their own work and/or to use the framework to innovate yet more crossover approaches.
Safety of EndoAnchors in real-world use: A report from the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database
Authors: Masoomi Reza , Lancaster Emily , Robinson Alexander , Hacker Ethan , Krajcer Zvonimir , Gupta Kamal
Published: April 2019

Objectives

A hostile proximal neck anatomy is the most common cause of abdominal aorta endovascular aneurysm repair failure leading to a higher risk of device migration, proximal type I endoleak, and subsequent open surgical repair. Endostapling is a technique to attain better fixation of the endograft to the aortic wall, and the only available device in the USA is Aptus Heli-FX EndoAnchor system (Medtronic Vascular, Santa Rosa, CA, USA). Preliminary data have shown efficacy and safety of its use, and the aim of this study is to assess device-related adverse events in real-world clinical use.

Methods

We quarried data from the publicly available Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database to identify Aptus Heli-FX EndoAnchor system-related adverse reports in endovascular aneurysm repair since FDA approval till August 31, 2017. An estimate of total devices implanted in the United States was quoted around 7,000 (Medtronic marketing internal data).

Results

Our query identified 229 separate reports, of which there were 85 adverse events (1.2% of the estimated EndoAnchor systems used). The most common adverse events were device dislodgement/fracture (65) and applicator malfunction (20).

Conclusion

In early post-FDA approval use in a real-world setting, the EndoAnchor system is associated with a low rate of adverse events. Device dislodgement and embolization remain the most common adverse events. With increasing use of these devices in more difficult anatomy, careful patient selection and careful attention to technique may help to reduce these events even further.