bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Necessity of Education for Efficient and Sustainable Production and Consumption of Energy in Tanzania
Authors: Kahangwa George
Published: November 2024

This paper reports the findings of a study that was conducted in Tanzania to grasp how the policies, plans and curricula at different levels of education accommodate knowledge gathered on energy to support the fostering of energy education. The study interrogated what necessitates the inclusion of energy education into the curricula in Tanzania. Subscribing to a qualitative approach, the study employed a desk research method to review curricula and other documents guiding secondary and university level education in the country. The study  found out that heightening people’s consumption of energy for domestic and industrial purposes constituted the main issue that necessitates the provision of energy education. Collected data further show that, the Tanzanian curricula targets giving the people knowledge and awareness for safety and how to optimise the use of energy sources, both effectively and efficiently. Moreover, energy education is essentially due to threats of depletion, discovery of new sources of energy, and the need for skilled workers. Such education is also necessary to address the need for expertise and technological advancements in production and consumption methods. The threat of environmental degradation and global warming also make it necessary that people become energy literate. In some cases, energy education aims to meet the investors’ needs and provide general knowledge in addition to serving diplomatic purposes. Overall, the study found out that energy education is essential for ensuring the country has sustained energy supply and use, while meeting the needs of the population, and fostering economic growth.
Assessment of Web Security Vulnerabilities for Common Open Source Virtualization Software
Authors: Ally Said
Published: November 2024

Open-source hypervisors have emerged as an integral technology for virtualizing server resources in cloud and data center computing. Hypervisor security efficiency is determined by virtual machine isolation, which is a de facto adoption factor in the selection process, as well as its ability to respond to web attacks. This paper assesses the security performance of Proxmox VE and XenServer for type 1 hypervisors, and Kernel Virtual Machine and Oracle Virtual Box for type 2 hypervisors. Security analysis was conducted using common exposures extracted from vulnerability databases and mapped against the OWASP 2013 and 2017 projects. For clarity, experiments were carried out on a testbed with prebuilt virtual machines, each hosting one hypervisor installed as an attack target. Kali Linux was configured in one virtual machine to run recursive penetration testing for information gathering, vulnerability detection, penetration attempts, and exploitation of weak spots. The infrastructure was set in both homogeneous and heterogeneous execution environments, with a series of tests nested with each other. All four hypervisors are vulnerable to physical kernel isolation, as unprivileged users can gain root access and launch guest-to-guest and host-to-guest attacks. Among the two, guest-to-guest attacks were found to be more common than host-to-guest attacks, indicating that virtual machine isolation is weaker than the underlying host. Type 1 hypervisors have a lower rate of host-to-guest attacks than guest to-guest attacks, implying that XenServer and Proxmox VE provide better isolation than KVM and OVB due to the near-native speed, security, and efficiency of their virtual machines. All four hypervisors were found to be vulnerable to buffer overflow exploits and error-triggering sensitive information leaks, which were primarily caused by adopter default misconfigurations in the deployment process rather than software design flaws. This implies that greater efforts are required by open-source adopters when shifting from physical to virtual computing.
Perona-Malik Diffusion-Driven Regularization for Image Resolution Enhancement in Electrical Capacitance Tomography
Authors: Nassor Nassor , Dismas Johnson , Nombo Josiah , Maiseli Baraka , Mwambela Alfred
Published: November 2024

Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is a non-invasive promising method for monitoring industrial processes, such as oil-gas flow in pipelines and solid-gas flow in pneumatic systems. Despite its potential benefits, ECT generates poor-quality images, often used only for qualitative analysis. A non-linear relationship between measured capacitances and permittivity distribution and the ill-posedness of the sensitivity matrix elements causes this limitation. This hinders the applicability of ECT in monitoring online industrial process applications. This work proposes a reconstruction method based on a nonlinear diffusion function to generate high-quality images from the measured capacitance data from the ECT system. The diffusion regularization functional helps to remove noise and preserve semantic features. Experimental results reveal that the proposed method generates high-quality and visually appealing images with a 15% reduction in distribution error and a 10% increase in correlation coefficient compared to state-of-the-art methods such as linear back projection and projected landweber. This allows further investigation into how nonlinear anisotropic diffusion can improve the applicability of ECT systems in industrial control and monitoring.
Bundesgerichtsurteil über ein Bildhonorar, Tarif-Erneuerungen und ein Blick über die Grenze
Authors: Kübler Philip
Published: November 2024

Im Berichtsjahr beschäftigten uns das Bundesgerichtsurteil über ein Bildhonorar für eine unautorisiert genutzte Fotografie, die Erneuerung zweier Tarife der Verwertungsgesellschaften zum Kopieren und Speichern und die Vernehmlassung zur Einführung eines Leistungsschutzes für Medienverlage und Medienschaffende. Philip Kübler erwähnt zusätzlich zwei Urteile aus Deutschland zur Urhebernennung bzw. zum Ghostwriting und ein Urteil des österreichischen obersten Gerichts, das sich wie das Bundesgericht mit einer unerlaubten Bildnutzung befassen musste.
Die Ausstrahlung von Bundesratsansprachen verletzt das rundfunkrechtliche Vielfaltsgebot nicht
Authors: Sidler Oliver
Published: November 2024

Das Bundesgericht befasste sich im Entscheid 2C_871/2022 erstmals mit der Frage, ob die Ausstrahlung einer Abstimmungsansprache des Bundesrats durch Radio SRF das programmrechtliche Vielfaltsgebot verletzt hat. Es verneinte dies und betone, eine Verletzung des Vielfaltsgebots wäre nur dann denkbar, wenn die SRG ausschließlich die Bundesratsansprache ausstrahlen würde und keine anderen Positionen zeigte. Der Autor vertritt jedoch die Auffassung, dass trotz der politisch wichtigen Funktion der Bundesratsansprachen es nicht angehe, diese im Vergleich zu anderen demokratierelevanten Sendungen vor Wahlen und Abstimmungen anders zu behandeln. Es wäre zumindest geboten gewesen, in einer einleitenden Moderation auf die besondere Funktion der Bundesratsansprachen und auf andere Sendungen zu diesem Thema hinzuweisen.
Geospatial Analysis of Climate Change Impacts on Vegetation Dynamics in Owerri West, Imo State
Authors: S. O. Oyetunji, , I. B. Popoola,
Published: November 2024

Climate change is a global phenomenon with profound effects on the environment, economies, and societies. It refers to significant changes in global temperatures and weather patterns over time. This study explores the impact of climate change on vegetation in Owerri West, Imo State, Nigeria, using geospatial techniques over a 20-year period (2003–2023). By analyzing satellite imagery and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values alongside key climatic variables such as precipitation and land surface temperature (LST), the research seeks to quantify the extent of vegetation changes due to climate variability. The study uses Landsat 8 satellite data to evaluate spatiotemporal trends in vegetation health. NDVI values in 2003 ranged from a high of 0.45, indicating healthy and dense vegetation, to a low of -0.04, representing barren areas. By 2013, NDVI values had drastically declined, with a maximum of 0.12 and a minimum of -0.33, despite an increase in precipitation from 3300 mm (2003) to 3900 mm (2013). This decline suggests that other factors, such as extreme weather events or urbanization, contributed to vegetation stress. In 2023, NDVI values showed partial recovery, with a maximum of 0.28 and a minimum of 0.05, although precipitation levels dropped to a range of 600 mm to 540 mm. The broader temperature range in 2023, with a maximum of 32°C and a minimum of 17°C, likely reduced heat stress, allowing for vegetation recovery, though still below the 2003 levels, The findings highlight the complex interplay between climatic variables and vegetation health, where precipitation and temperature changes significantly influence vegetation dynamics. However, the NDVI decline in 2013, despite high precipitation, suggests that anthropogenic factors like urbanization and land use changes also play a critical role. This research emphasizes the importance of integrating remote sensing and GIS for monitoring vegetation responses to climate change. The study calls for sustainable land management practices and climate adaptation strategies to enhance vegetation resilience in the region.
Crypto-Enabled Espionage: The Growing Threat to National Security
Authors: AbdulMalik Olalekan Oladipupo
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the growing threat of crypto-enabled espionage and its impact on national security. The research addresses the central questions on how cryptocurrencies facilitate espionage, and what the implications for national security are. Using a qualitative approach, the study draws on existing literature, case studies, and intelligence reports to explore how cryptocurrencies are increasingly being leveraged by state and non-state actors for covert operations. The findings reveal that the key features of cryptocurrencies—such as anonymity, decentralization, and the lack of regulation make them highly attractive to espionage actors. Specific cases, including the use of cryptocurrencies by North Korean and Russian state sponsored espionage networks, demonstrate how these actors bypass financial surveillance systems. The study concludes that while cryptocurrencies offer significant advantages for espionage, they pose severe challenges for national security agencies, especially in terms of monitoring and preventing illicit activities. To address these threats, stronger international cooperation, regulatory reforms, and advancements in blockchain surveillance technology are necessary. The paper recommends further research into counterintelligence strategies that incorporate blockchain technology and artificial intelligence for monitoring crypto-enabled espionage.
Demographic Factors Influencing Lecturers’ Protean Career Orientation in North-Central Universities, Nigeria
Authors: G. O. Dangana-Onuche, , A. I. Salifu, , C. Victor,
Published: November 2024

The elements of a basic protean career orientation are basic elements of human needs for growth and meaningful occupational productivity. However, a significant percentage of lecturers in Nigerian universities find it difficult in practicing their value driven-career attitude and self-directed behavior. Thus, this descriptive study sought to assess the demographic factors that influence lecturers’ dimensions of protean career orientation: value driven-career attitude and self-directed behavior in North-central Universities, Nigeria. Four hundred lecturers were purposely selected from Kogi State University, Anyigba, Benue State University Makurdi and Federal University of Lafia, Nigeria as respondents using self-structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study found age and gender (70.2%) as influencing lecturers' value-driven career attitude while educational level and gender influences their self-directed attitude. The study discovered further that job and career satisfaction, organizational commitment, task performance, self-management behavior and career productivity were the influence protean career orientation had on lecturers work outcome in North-central universities, Nigeria (97.2%). However, 70.2% of lecturers in the study settings could not practice their protean career orientation effectively. Poor motivation, lack of adequate infrastructural facilities, teaching of large classes, poor staff development and strike actions were the barriers identified (68.4%). The study recommends among others that the Nigerian universities should provide organizational support that actively engages employees in the management of their own career as well as formal training and education on value-driven and self-directed attitudes so as to encourage positive values among lecturers.
Vacíos urbanos y sus futuros posibles.
Authors: Martínez Natalia
Published: November 2024

Este artículo difunde una investigación proyectual1 y su posterior profundización2 realizada en la Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Urbanismo de la Universidad de la República, cuyo programa arquitectónico es un centro de atención y reinserción para personas en situación de calle, en la ciudad de Montevideo, Uruguay. El objetivo de la investigación es pensar nuevas formas de habitar la ciudad de forma sustentable y equitativa. Las metodologías empleadas son mapeos, entrevistas, encuestas y revisión bibliográfica. El proyecto indaga en la relación entre la falta de vivienda y la problemática de los vacíos en áreas consolidadas y servidas de las ciudades. Como resultado, se desarrolla un proyecto que decante y verifique la operatividad de la investigación, proponiendo una solución sustentable y disruptiva para ambas problemáticas, al intensificar el territorio y evitar procesos de gentrificación social.
Diseño sostenible: de la ética del consumo a la ética de la producción
Authors: Plaza Parrochia José Miguel , Necochea Puelma Antonia Clemencia
Published: November 2024

El polémico concepto de consumo ético ha sido asociado profusamente al ejercicio del diseño en las últimas décadas. No obstante, en muchas ocasiones, se asume como benéfica su implementación en la definición de toda clase de proyectos de diseño sin cotejar matices y/o consideraciones respecto a sus implicancias sociales, culturales y productivas. Este escrito busca ayudar a subsanar la adopción acrítica del concepto de consumo ético en la práctica del diseño. Para lograr dicho objetivo, se pone a disposición una discusión bibliográfica multidisciplinar que expone antecedentes útiles para generar un posicionamiento argumentado frente al consumo ético y su vinculación con las lógicas del diseño sostenible. Los resultados derivados del análisis de la literatura existente sugieren posicionar tempranamente la participación del diseñador en el proceso proyectual. Finalmente, se proponen algunas posibles vías de enfrentamiento disciplinar a la crisis medioambiental que podrían ser beneficiosas a la hora de generar mayores niveles de innovación.
Prácticas textiles centradas en el suelo
Authors: Ciola Giulia
Published: November 2024

Starting from the reckless exploitation of soil as a resource at humans’ disposal, this research highlights the role of the textile industry in regard to the soil and voices the urgency to explore practices of restoration through a regenerative material approach. From circular economy to regenerative agriculture, design has the power and responsibility to exercise its impactful role in influencing a general mindshift within the industry and to sketch out ‘preferable scenarios,’ both through speculative and practical actions. This paper surveys the literature on practices and methodologies that concern the soil ecosystem. Drawing the lines between soil-agriculture-textile, the investigation proposes to look at the soil-origin of textiles and to practice natural circular ways through clothes-composting. Ultimately it is a reflection on the potential of a soil-centric textile industry in which waste does not exist as such but it rather turns into new ‘food’ pursuing its natural cyclicity and regenerating the ecosystem.
Croí: A Process for Core and Responsible Graphic Communication Design Education
Authors: Lettis Gwen , McMahon Muireann , Napier Pamela , De Eyto Adam
Published: November 2024

Research has shown that addressing personal values and conviction is crucial for long-lasting Education for Sustainable Development. However, there is a shortage of theory and evidence-based value-focused processes in Graphic Communication Design Education literature. This article presents a novel personal value thinking and doing process called Croí (pronounced Cree) that can be used as a precursor to Education for Sustainable Development in Graphic Communication Design Education. Croí aims to stimulate sustainable transitions by disrupting behaviour development. Over five years, five rounds of Action Research were conducted with third-level educators and students to explore how Croí could facilitate value (or core) design, with the broad aim to encourage sustainable Graphic Communication Design. The initial Croí prototype developed over Cycles One and Two is briefly summarised, with focus on Cycles Three, Four, and Five, where Croí was further developed and evaluated. Data collection included researcher field notes, semi-structured interviews, and written reflections, analysed through Thematic Analysis. Key discussion points include fundamental process elements, Croí's impact on core thinking and doing and responsible thinking and doing, and its potential to facilitate behaviour development. The research concludes that Croí promotes core and responsible thinking and core doing, increasing the likelihood of responsible doing. It offers educators an innovative way to facilitate plural, practical, and core development for graphic communication design students, potentially influencing change in the profession. Croí is not a panacea for the complex issue of Sustainable Development, but it provides a novel and meaningful foundation for disrupting behaviour.
FINE KİNNEY RİSK ANALİZ METODU İLE PVC GERİ DÖNÜŞÜM TESİSİ YANGIN RİSKİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Dündar Mustafa Şahin , Zeynelgil Ali , Caner Celal
Published: November 2024

PVC malzeme günümüzde çoğu alanda kullanılmaktadır. Üretilen malzemeler hayatımımızda önemli bir yere sahip olup tüketimide artmaktadır. Kullanım alanlarından bazıları; kablolar, elektrik kanalları, borular, pencere çercevesi, kapıları, oluk, yer döşemeleri, inşaat, otomotiv vb. Bu malzemelerin yaygın olarak kullanılması, yangın güvenliği açısından önemlidir. PVC malzemelerin biyolojik olarak ayrışamaması ve doğada uzun süre varlığını sürdürebilmesi, küresel çapta ciddi bir plastik atık problemine neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, PVC'nin geri dönüşüm süreci ve geri dönüşümü son derece önemlidir. Geri dönüşüm tesislerinin sayısının artması ve depoladığı malzeme çeşitliliği, günümüzde yangın güvenliği açısından önemli bir risk oluşturmaktadır. Tesislerin açık veya kapalı alanlarda bulunması, yangın güvenliği açısından farklı stratejilere ihtiyaç duyar. Özellikle açık alandaki tesislerin, çevredeki yangın risklerini kontrol altında tutmak ve düzenlemek için çeşitli değişkenlerle ilişkilendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu husus, geri dönüşüm tesislerinde yangın güvenliğinin sağlanması açısından son derece kritiktir. Bu çalışma çerçevesinde, Ankara’da bulunan özel bir PVC geri dönüşüm tesisinde yangına sebep olabilecek potansiyel tehlikeler belirlenmiştir. Fine-Kinney yöntemi kullanılarak tanımlanan bu tehlikelerin değerlendirilmesi yapılmış ve bu tehlikelerin neden olabileceği risk değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Ardından, hesaplanan risk değerleri Fine-Kinney yöntemine göre kategorize edilmiştir. Bu kategorilere göre, riskler önceliklendirilmiş ve kabul edilebilir seviyeye indirilmesi için düzeltici ve önleyici faaliyetler belirlenerek uygulanmıştır.
Subproductos madereros de la industria del aserrío 2024
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Catelicán Luis , Gysling Janina , Bañados Juan Carlos
Published: November 2024

En 2023, la industria del aserrío generó un volumen de 4,33 millones de metros cúbicos en subproductos, resultado de un flujo que inició con el consumo de 14,6 millones de metros cúbicos sólidos con corteza (m3 scc) de trozos aserrables, para una producción de 6,9 millones de metros cúbicos de madera aserrada. Estas cifras representaron una baja en comparación con el año 2022, marcando el segundo período consecutivo de retroceso tras los altos niveles de actividad alcanzados en 2021, impulsados por las ayudas estatales implementadas para mitigar los efectos de la pandemia de COVID19. Los principales destinos de los subproductos fueron la comercialización (59%) y el autoconsumo (38,6%). Los usos de estos subproductos son variados y no siempre pueden ser identificados por los propios aserraderos, puesto que los canales de distribución son complejos; sin embargo, en este documento se incluyen cuadros y figuras que muestran la evolución de los usos más reconocidos por el sector, con el objetivo de avanzar hacia una mayor compresión de esta importante subactividad de la industria.
INFORMATION-MEASURING SYSTEM OF QUALITY CONTROL OF POWER SUPPLY OF AN ENTERPRISE UNDER RANDOM CURRENT LOADS OF ITS SECTIONS
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Kartel A.Yu. , Korchagina V.A. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University, Kovalenko l.A. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: November 2024

The paper proposes а method for describing the process of reliable functioning of the enterprise’s power supply system by determining the permissible limit value of the current pulse for the satisfactory functioning of the power supply system. The main differences to the requirements of the electrical system of a modern enterprise are analyzed. Now mandatory requirements are equipment diagnostics, data transmission and, at a number of facilities, remote control, which can not be done without the use of high-performance microprocessor devices that set increased requirements for the operation of power supply systems. It is shown that the use of mechanical and semi-automatic devices to protect equipment is no longer enough, while modern systems have the ability not only to re-enable equipment, turn on backup power, but also adjust active and reactive powers using compensating devices, etc. It is shown how to find the slope of the straight line from the experimental probability and current impulse to determine the limiting value of the current. The operation of an information-measuring system that continuously monitors the behavior of the enterprise’s power supply system is shown. Recommendations are given on the application of the proposed method for protecting the enterprise’s electrical system. А structural-functional block diagram of an information-measuring system (IМS) for operational control with feedback of the quality of power supply of enterprises under conditions of random current consumption of its sections has been developed.
Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes, Overweight, Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults in Bogotá, Colombia, 2022–2023: A Cross‑Sectional Population Survey
Authors: Arteaga Juan M. , Latorre-Santos Catalina , Ibáñez-Pinilla Milciades , Ballesteros-Cabrera Magnolia del Pilar , Barón Leyvi Y. , Velosa Sergio A. , Trillos Carlos E. , Duque Juan J. , Holguín Andrea , Eslava-Schmalbach Javier H.
Published: November 2024

Objective: To establish the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, overweight/obesity, and metabolic syndrome in individuals aged >18 years in Bogotá, Colombia and the variables associated with diabetes prevalence.
Research Design and Methods: This was a cross‑sectional population survey with a representative, probabilistic sample of Bogotá, Colombia collected between 2022 and 2023. The final sample size included 2,860 households, distributed among 19 localities of Bogotá. Clinical laboratory samples were taken from randomly selected individuals (n = 1,070). Data on the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and Latin American Diabetes Association (ALAD) criteria for metabolic syndrome were collected, including physical measurements.
Results: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Bogotá was 11.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.0–13.5%). According to the ATP III and ALAD criteria, the prevalence proportions of metabolic syndrome were 33.9% (95% CI, 29.5–38.6) and 29.3% (95% CI, 26.1–32.7), respectively. The age of ≥55 years, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and noneducational level had higher adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) of diabetes. The APRs of metabolic syndrome were higher in adults with a low education level (LEL) and female sex, with the ATP III and ALAD criteria, and noninsured adults or those with unknown affiliation with the healthcare system, with the ATP III criteria.
Conclusions: We found a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults in Bogotá than expected in previous studies. Intervention from public policy should be requested, especially in those of lowest socioeconomic and education levels, to avoid a future increase in this prevalence. Studies on other Colombian cities are required.
Echography-guided Botulinum Toxin for Moving Ear Syndrome
Authors: Yahya Vidal , Chavez Rosa Consuelo , Campiglio Laura , Zardoni Manuela , Priori Alberto
Published: November 2024

Background: Moving Ear Syndrome is a rare hyperkinetic disorder.
Phenomenology shown: This Video Abstract illustrates typical backward movements of the right ear associated with pain and discomfort in a man with Moving Ear Syndrome.
Educational value: Moving Ear Syndrome is effectively and safely treatable with EMG-US-guided botulinum toxin injections.
ENSURING A SAFE TOMORROW: CONCLUSIONS FROM THE ANALYSIS OF THE LEADING CYBER ATTACKS AND THEIR IMPACT ON INFORMATION SECURITY
Authors: Yerboluly A. R. , Tusipova T. K.
Published: November 2024

In today's world, where digitalization and universal connectivity play a key role, cybersecurity issues are coming to the fore in the context of global security. With increasing dependence on digital technologies, cyberspace continues to evolve, presenting new threats and challenges. This article focuses on the analysis of major attacks on network infrastructure that have occurred in recent years, exploring various types of attacks such as DDoS, APT, ransomware, Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) and SQL Injection. The main focus is on identifying common attack patterns and protection techniques, which allows for a better understanding of the mechanisms and strategies for countering cyber threats. The article examines in detail the various tools and methods of traffic analysis used to detect and neutralize threats, analyzes their effectiveness in real conditions. Using the included histograms, charts and tables, the article visualizes data and trends, which contributes to a better understanding of the complexity and dynamics of cyber attacks. Based on the analysis, recommendations are formulated to improve cyber defense strategies and develop new approaches to ensuring security in the digital world, which is critically important for protecting valuable information assets and maintaining the stability of cyberspace.
DEVELOPMENT OF A DRYING UNIT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF KURTA
Authors: Aqzam Е. М. , Kakimov А. К. , Erengaliev A. E. , Ibragimov N. K.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the development of a drying unit for the production of kurt, a traditional fermented milk product that is very popular in Kazakhstan. Kurt is not only a national product, but also has a high nutritional value, vitamin and mineral content. Regular consumption of kurt helps to restore beneficial intestinal microflora and is especially useful for pregnant women, children and the elderly. The traditional method of drying kurt in the open air has a number of disadvantages, such as dependence on weather conditions and low productivity. The developed convective drying unit allows solving these problems. It ensures uniform and rapid drying of kurt in controlled conditions, which improves quality and productivity. The unit is designed taking into account the principles of ease of maintenance, ease of operation and cost-effectiveness. It is affordable and cost-effective for individual entrepreneurs and small businesses. Availability, price, quality, productivity, maintainability, reliability, light weight and mobility of the equipment make it relevant for the development of small businesses in Kazakhstan. During the work, a number of tests were conducted on the performance of the drying unit. A sketch drawing was also developed, a drying unit was developed and the optimal operating parameters of the design were selected. The resulting drying unit is promising for implementation in the production of kurt, in the conditions of individual and farm enterprises. It will improve the quality and productivity of the product, as well as create new opportunities for small and medium businesses in Kazakhstan. Also, such equipment can give impetus to local gastronomic tourism, which is becoming an increasingly popular type of tourism, as tourists are looking for unique and authentic experiences. Offering tourists the opportunity to get acquainted with the local culture through its cuisine.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE USE OF VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS IN THE EXTRUSION PROCESS
Authors: Akhlan T. , Izembayeva A. , Gul H.
Published: November 2024

Extrusion is one of the most commonly used thermomechanical processes, which has many advantages: versatility, flexibility, high productivity, low cost and energy efficiency. When developing the formulation, scientists were guided by the goal of studying the nutritional value of extruded products, such as direct foaming products, breakfasts and pasta, using non-traditional ingredients from vegetable raw materials. It not only has a variety of characteristics in terms of chemical composition and functional characteristics, but also affects the quality of final products during extrusion processing of various types of raw materials. In order to apply these non-traditional plant materials in extrusion, it is important to understand their impact on the quality of raw materials and extruded products.

This paper discusses the theoretical aspects of incorporating non-traditional vegetable ingredients into the composition of extruded foods. Processing vegetable materials through extrusion is a sustainable method that produces products with diverse nutritional benefits and functional properties. Through an analysis of scientific literature, we found that extrusion is an effective way to transform unconventional vegetable ingredients into edible products. Our research also revealed that extrusion increases the digestibility of these ingredients and reduces the presence of anti-nutrients.
TRIBOLOGICAL AND CORROSION PROPERTIES OF 45 AND 65G STEELS USED IN AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY AFTER ELECTROLYTIC-PLASMA HARDENING
Authors: Rakhadilov Б. , Kussainov Р. , Bakyt Zh. , Baizhan D. , Kadyrbolat N.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the effect of electrolytic plasma hardening on the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of steels 45 and 65G, which are used in the production of agricultural machinery components. The presented results demonstrate the improvement of the surface properties of steel through the application of electrolytic plasma hardening. This technology provides rapid heating and cooling, which contributes to the formation of a fine-grained and hardened surface layer, as evidenced by microstructural studies conducted using an optical metallographic microscope. Tribological tests showed an improvement in wear resistance after electrolytic plasma hardening: the wear volume for steel 45 was 3,03×10-4 mm³, and for steel 65G it was 6,17×10-5 mm³, which is 7 and 4,5 times less than the wear volume for the initial samples, respectively. The analysis of polarization curves showed that the corrosion current density decreased compared to the initial sample. For steel samples 45 and 65G after three cycles of electrolytic plasma hardening, the corrosion current densities were 6,87×10^-6 A/cm² and 1,61×10^-7 A/cm², respectively. Additionally, a shift in the corrosion potential towards more positive values was noted, indicating an increase in corrosion resistance. The results of the study demonstrate significant improvements in the tribological and corrosion properties of steels 45 and 65G after electrolytic plasma hardening, providing valuable data for industrial applications.
Rezension von: Eßlinger, Karl, Heimatkundliche Geschichte von Stadt und Oberamt Gerabronn
Authors: Weller Karl , Eßlinger Karl
Published: November 2024

Eßlinger, Karl, Postdirektor a. D.: Heimatgeschichte von Stadt und Oberamt Gerabronn. Gerabronn 1930. M. Rückerts Buch- und Verlagsdruckerei. 318 S.
Rezension von: Bohnenberger, Karl, Die schwäbisch-fränkische Sprachgrenze um Jagst und Kocher
Authors: Kost Emil , Bohnenberger Karl
Published: November 2024

Von det schwäbisch-fränkischen Stammesgrenze um Jagst und Kocher. Von der sprachlichen Seite aus ist diese Frage erneut behandelt worden vom besten schwäbischen Mundartkenner, Professor Dr. Karl Bohnenberger, in den Württembergischen Jahrbüchern für Statistik und Landeskunde 1932/33, S. 18-57, mit 1 Karte. (Erschienen 1935 im Verlag Kohlhammer.)
Rezension von: Heuß, Hermann, Hohenloher Barock und Zopf
Authors: Teufel Eberhard , Heuss Hermann
Published: November 2024

Hohenloher Barock und Zopf. Bau- und Kunstgeschichte der hohenlohischen Städte und Schlösser. Von Dr.-Ing. Hermann Heuß , Architekt in Chemnitz.
Rezension von: Heuß, Hermann, Hohenloher Barock und Zopf
Authors: Oberkampf Walter , Heuss Hermann
Published: November 2024

Heuß, Hermann, Hohenloher Barock und Zopf. Schloß- und Stadtbaugeschichte der ehemalig hohenloheschen Residenzen vornehmlich nach dem Dreißigjährigen Kriege. Nit 25 Plänen. 1937. Hohenlohesche Buchhandlung Ferdinand Rau, Öhringen.
THE COGNITIVE ELECTRONIC WARFARE IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: BARBU Alida Monica Doriana
Published: November 2024

Collecting and acting on data has increased the military’s dependency on the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS). Electronic Warfare (EW) controls the Electromagnetic Spectrum (EMS) in order to detect, analyze, and track potential threats. EW provides situational awareness for diplomatic insights, defensive measures and offensive options for each country. EW enables Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations (JEMSO). In the EM Operation Environment, the armed forces exploit, protect and attack. More advanced EW can identify, intercept and decode the adversaries’ Data. It can also project directed energy to disrupt enemy operations, reducing the impact of conflicts or preventing some armed conflicts before they begin.Applying cognitive systems to EW helps the army personnel identify patterns and improve the systems, as well as anticipating the COA. Cognitive Electronic Warfare systems interpret a large amount of data from a range of vast sources to provide hypotheses for action plans. Combining human strategies with computer input ensures the success of Cognitive EW approach. Leaving data collection and probability calculations to computers let humans time to think, to be creative and to use their intuiton in order to find the best solutions.
INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIC INTERESTS AT THE BLACK SEA – ENERGY SECURITY ANALYSIS
Authors: FÎȚĂ Nicolae Daniel , OBRETENOVA Mila Ilieva
Published: November 2024

The birth, development and propagation of regional and world conflict, as well as its escalation towards military war, global economic interests that converge towards the monopolization of strategic hydrocarbon energy resources, it transforms the Black Sea into a geostrategic space of geopolitical and geo-economic importance, but also with huge potential for confrontation and war. Positioning Romania in an inflection point of interests, in an area of strategic importance, being the buffer between NATO and the Russian Federation (the most important regional actor), it gives us the status of a state provider of regional security and welfare. The Black Sea region is important in that it is rich in hydrocarbons (oil and natural gas), it is an energy transit center and becomes a hot spot for the extended world security because it delimits the border between NATO and the Russian Federation, but also the influences from China.
MILITARY LEADER’S OPERATIONAL CHALLENGES IN ADDRESSING EVER-CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: ŢENEA Laura Alexandra , TUDORACHE Paul
Published: November 2024

Abstract: As operational environments continue to evolve, military leaders face a broad spectrum of challenges, from rapidly changing technologies, geopolitical shifts, to increased threat diversity and the need to keep troop morale high in often difficult conditions. The aim of this study is to identify the main operational challenges and analyze their complexity, characteristics and impact on military leaders. This study also highlights the need for military leaders to develop a wide range of skills, including mental agility, critical thinking, adaptability, communication and resilience, and to remain open to continuous learning. These skills, combined with the use of technology, are necessary to respond effectively to new challenges and threats and contribute to the development of military leader resilience. The scientific research methods used to conduct this study are diverse, each with the ability to provide insight and solutions for military leaders.
INTERCONNECTIONS AMONG SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLEXIBILITY, AND MEANING IN LIFE AMONG CAREGIVERS OF CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: S Gupte Ms. Sharvari
Published: November 2024

The present study explores the interconnections among social connectedness, psychological inflexibility, and meaning in life among caregivers of cancer patients these psychological variables interact with demographic and caregiving factors, such as gender, age, cancer stage, daily caregiving hours, total caregiving duration, and the caregiver's relationship to the patient. Understanding these interconnections is essential for developing psychological support tailored to caregivers' unique challenges in oncology settings. The sample consisted of 141 caregivers (76 females and 65 males) aged 18 to 45, who provide daily support to cancer patients in varying stages of the disease. Participants were assessed using three validated scales: the Social Connectedness Scale-Revised (Lee & Robbins, 2001) to measure their sense of belonging and interpersonal relationships, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (Steger, 2006) to assess their sense of purpose, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (Bond et al., 2011) to evaluate their level of psychological inflexibility, or rigidity in handling stress. Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among SC, PIF, and MIL, revealing significant positive correlations across all variables, indicating that caregivers who felt a strong sense of social connectedness and purpose in life tended to experience lower psychological inflexibility. Additionally, multiple linear regression analyses highlighted how demographic and caregiving factors influenced these core psychological dimensions, shedding light on complex, multifaceted interactions.The findings underscore the importance of social and psychological support structures for caregivers. Caregiving characteristics, such as the time spent in caregiving per day and total caregiving duration, were found to have significant impacts on the sense of connection, adaptability, and meaning that caregivers derive from their roles, while variables like gender and caregiver-patient relationship did not show significant effects. The study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions that address these dynamics to bolster caregivers' mental well-being and resilience.
Empowering Rural Livelihoods: An In-depth Analysis of Skill Development Trends under the Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) in Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Singh Bhawar Pratap , Singh Bimlesh
Published: November 2024

This research paper delves into the dynamic landscape of skill development in rural Madhya Pradesh through the lens of the Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY). Focused on empowering rural livelihoods, the study investigates the effectiveness of the DDU-GKY program in training individuals and facilitating their placement in gainful employment opportunities. The research employs a comprehensive analysis of skill development trends, highlighting the key aspects of the DDU-GKY initiative. A central focus is placed on evaluating the success of the program through the examination of the "trained to placed" percentage, a critical metric that reflects the efficiency of translating acquired skills into actual employment. Through a combination of quantitative data and qualitative insights, this paper aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the impact of DDU-GKY on rural skill development in Madhya Pradesh. The findings contribute valuable insights to policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders involved in shaping and refining skill development initiatives for sustainable rural empowerment.
Tatya Tope and Kanpur in the 1857 War of Independence
Authors: Poonam  , Tripathi Tripuresh
Published: November 2024

Till 1857, people were unfamiliar with the name of Tatya Tope. But the dramatic events of 1857 suddenly brought him out of darkness into the light. Before the start of the First War of Independence, he was only a companion of Raja Nana Saheb of Bithoor, the eldest son of the deposed Bajirao II, but after Kanpur joined the War of Independence, Tatya reached the position of Commander-in-Chief of the Peshwa's army. All the events of the subsequent wars raised his name to the forefront like a comet, which left a long line of light behind it. His name became famous not only in the country but also outside the country. Not only friends, but enemies also tried to see and understand his military campaigns with curiosity and eagerness.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
1857 ई. तक लोग तात्या टोपे के नाम से अपरिचित थे। लेकिन 1857 की नाटकीय घटनाओं ने उन्हें अचानक अंधकार से प्रकाश में लाकर खड़ा कर दिया। प्रथम स्वतंत्रता संग्राम के प्रारंभ होने से पूर्व वे राज्यच्युत बाजीराव द्वितीय के सबसे बड़े पुत्र बिठूर के राजा नाना साहब के एक प्रकार से साथी-मुसाहिब मात्र थे, किंतु स्वतंत्रता संग्राम में कानपुर के सम्मिलित होने के पश्चात् तात्या पेशवा की सेना के सेनाध्यक्ष की स्थिति तक पहुंच गए। उसके पश्चातवर्ती युद्धों की सभी घटनाओं ने उनका नाम सबसे आगे एक पुच्छल तारे की भांति बढ़ाया, जो अपने पीछे प्रकाश की एक लंबी रेखा छोड़ता गया। उनका नाम केवल देश में नहीं वरन् देश के बाहर भी प्रसिद्ध हो गया। मित्र ही नहीं, शत्रु भी उनके सैनिक अभियानों को जिज्ञासा और उत्सुकता से देखने और समझने का प्रयास करते थे।
Keywords:- तात्या टोपे, स्वतंत्रता संग्राम, ब्रिटिश सत्ता, कानपुर, गुरिल्ला रणनीति।
La actividad física. Un estudio en la Universidad de Guayaquil
Authors: Espinoza Burgos Álvaro Diego , Rosado Álvarez María Magdalena , Jurado Auria Stalin Augusto
Published: November 2024

El conocimiento sobre la actividad física fue la guía para orientar a quienes integran la comunidad para que realicen ejercicio planificado, por ello, el objetivo de valorar la importancia que la actividad física tiene para quienes conforman la comunidad de la Universidad de Guayaquil. El estudio presenta un enfoque cuantitativo no experimental conformada por 422 personas entre estudiantes y profesionales con postgrado que participaron de manera voluntaria para llenar el cuestionario de preguntas. Como resultado el 75% de participantes encuestados, que están de acuerdo y totalmente de acuerdo que con el acondicionamiento físico nos mantendríamos lo más activos y sanos posibles. Se concluye que, para fortalecer teóricamente las acciones, éstos podrían realizar actividad física para evitar que se acrecenté el sedentarismo, obesidad y otros que terminarían afectando la salud de quienes integran la comunidad universitaria, recomendándose realizar ejercicio planificado.
Dimensiones epistemológicas en los estudiantes de educación física en el proceso formativo
Authors: Ortega León María Virginia , Ortega Oyarvide Ricardo Manuel , Torres Ortega María Virginia
Published: November 2024

El proceso de formación de los docentes en el escenario universitario, constituye una de las más altas prioridades de las Instituciones de Educación Superior en el país, en correspondencia con los cambios socio-culturales, económicos y tecnológicos, y sus crecientes demandas, desde el punto de vista de cómo alcanzar una mayor calidad del proceso de formación del docente universitario. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar las dimensiones epistemológicas que aplica el docente universitario en la Educación Física. Este estudio utilizó un enfoque cualitativo descriptivo. Se concluye que, la formación inicial deberá proporcionar fundamentos y actitudes reflexivas y críticas que le permitan al profesional comprender e interpretar la realidad educativa e intervenir en ella. Los hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de abrir un debate sobre las posibles mejoras en el proceso de formación del docente de Educación Física, que permita mejorar su competencia personal en la enseñanza de esta disciplina, que permita la comprensión de las dimensiones epistemológicas que enfatiza la actuación pedagógica del profesor como guía y orientador de sus estudiantes.
Actividad física para el desarrollo integral de la mujer entre 18 A 40 años escenario covid-19
Authors: Morales Neira Job David , Rondan Elizalde Manuel , Olivo Solís Johnny , Burgos Angulo Darley Jhosue
Published: November 2024

La actividad física provee beneficios de forma multifactorial con efectos en el sistema inmune, hemostático, autonómico, metabólico y hormonal entre otros, que pueden ser aplicables en las diferentes etapas de la historia fisiológica de la mujer. El presente estudio establece como objetivo general: Mejorar las capacidades físicas de las mujeres entre 18 – 40 años mediante la aplicación de un programa de actividades motoras para el incremento de la calidad de vida. La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, tipo de investigación aplicada, diseño experimental de tipo pre-experimental, donde se emplearon una batería de pruebas pedagógicas en un primer y segundo momento tales como: cuestionario IPAQ, IMC, percepción del esfuerzo salto de tijera, percepción del esfuerzo salto de cuerda, percepción del esfuerzo burpee, test de Cooper, test de burpee, test de plancha abdominal, test de 10x5 metros y test de Ruffier Dickson. Para comprobar la distribución normal de los datos se utilizó la prueba Kolgomorov Smirnov, además se aplicó la prueba no paramétrica de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon para muestras relacionadas obteniendo un resultado de Sig. Bilateral de 0,00 < a 0,01 nivel de significación, evidenciando las diferencias significativas entre los resultados del pretest y postest. Como resultados se aplicó la propuesta como resultado investigativo basada en un programa de actividad física para el mejoramiento de las capacidades físicas y disminución de tensiones en las mujeres en edad comprendida de 18 a 40 años, permitiendo la elevación del estilo de vida en este sector poblacional.