bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEPRAKTISAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN AUGMENTED REALITY MATA PELAJARAN SABLON UNTUK SMK
Authors: Harta Gede Whidi , Wahyuni Dessy Seri , Santyadiputra Gede Saindra
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan rancangan dan mengimplementasikan pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis augmented reality pada mata pelajaran sablon kelas XI di SMK N 1 Sukasada. Penelitian ini menerapkan jenis penelitian Penelitian dan Pengembangan (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Penelitian ini melibatkan peserta didik kelas XI dan guru mata pelajaran sablon di SMK N 1 Sukasada. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner/angket dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian untuk uji validitas didapat dari hasil perhitungan valiadasi dari uji ahli mendapatkan skor sebesar 1,00 dengan kriteria tingkat validitas sangat tinggi. Dan hasil rata-rata respon guru dan peserta didik untuk mendapatkan nilai kepraktisan media pembelajaran berbasis augmented reality sebesar 41,00 dan 60,41 dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Dan hasil rata-rata respon usability untuk mendapatkan nilai kepraktisan media pembelajaran berbasis augmented reality sebesar 41,29 dengan kriteria sangat praktis
Pengembangan Film Animasi 3 Dimensi Tude The Movie-Sejarah Lagu Merah Putih
Authors: Pradita I Gusti Agung Mia , Sunarya I Made Gede , Sindu I Gede Partha
Published: November 2021

Film Animasi 3 Dimensi Tude The Movie-Sejarah Lagu Merah Putih merupakan film yang menceritakan sejarah Lagu Merah Putih yang diperankan oleh Tude. Tude adalah robot yang cerdas, memiliki imajinasi yang tinggi, dan kreatif. Lagu Merah Putih adalah lagu perjuangan yang diciptakan pada tahun 1950 oleh I Gde Dharna menggunakan Bahasa Bali. Lagu Merah Putih dibuat untuk mengenang peristiwa “Perang Bendera” di Pelabuhan Buleleng. Film Animasi 3 Dimensi Tude The Movie-Sejarah Lagu Merah Putih bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan pembuatan Film Animasi 3 Dimensi Tude The Movie-Sejarah Lagu Merah Putih dan mengetahui respon masyarakat terhadap hasil akhir Film Animasi 3 Dimensi Tude The Movie-Sejarah Lagu Merah Putih. Film Animasi 3 Dimensi Tude The Movie-Sejarah Lagu Merah Putih menggunakan metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle, yang memiliki 6 tahapan, diantaranya adalah concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, dan distribution. Dengan dibuatnya Film Animasi 3 Dimensi Tude The Movie-Sejarah Lagu Merah Putih, masyarakat diharapkan mampu mengetahui dan mengenal sosok pencipta lagu dan kisah perjuangan dibalik lagu Merah Putih. Beberapa pengujian dilakukan pada film animasi ini diantaranya dari pengujian ahli isi yang mendapat hasil 100%, pengujian ahli media mendapat hasil 100% dan pengujian respon pengguna mendapat respon 3,33% sangat positif, 95,00% positif dan 1,67% cukup positif sehingga film animasi ini dikatakan dalam katagori sangat baik.Kata Kunci : Sejarah Lagu Merah Putih, Film, Animasi 3 Dimensi
Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Data Aktivitas Mahasiswa Berbasis Website (Studi Kasus: STMIK Primakara)
Authors: Putri Ni Luh Gede Devi Darnita , Fredlina Ketut Queena , Satwika I Putu
Published: November 2021

STMIK Primakara still has problems in managing student activity data because the active system is considered not running optimally. The purpose of this research is to produce an accurate and structured activity data management. The method used in this research is the prototype method and for data collection by conducting observations and field analysis and interviews. The results of this study are students are able to input the activities that have been followed independently. The student department and the operator in charge only validate the data that has been inputted by the student. This study uses the SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) prototype model. To design the system design using the VueJs framework with the primevue component library version 3.0.0 with the sigma-vue template. With this system design, it is hoped that it will make it easier for the development department to design the system so that it can be implemented immediately to students. Keywords— System Design, Data Management, VueJs, Prototype Model, Student Activity
The Influence of Problem-Based Learning Model on Students’ Learning Outcomes in Aceh Private University
Authors: Rizka Budi , Lismalinda Lismalinda
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of using problem-based learning model in sociolinguistic learning on students learning outcomes of English Education at private universities in Aceh. This study used an experimental method with a research form that is pre-experimental design and one-group pretest-postest design experimental design. The population in this study were 20 students from private universities in Aceh. The sample in this study was the entire population of 20 students who were divided into an experimental group. The research instrument used was the learning outcome in the form of a multiplechoice test of 20 questions. The data collection technique in this study is a measurement technique. Hypothesis test results using t-stat which is obtained in experimental group t-stat (-18.6) < t Critical two-tail (2.093) with an average value of pre-test 59.75 and posttest 78. From the results of these calculations it can be concluded that there is an effect of using problem-based learning models on learning outcomes in sociolinguistic learning of private university students in Aceh.
Developing Tri Hita Karana based Student Worksheet to Improve Primary School Students' Critical Thinking During Learning from Home
Authors: Winaya I Made Astra
Published: November 2021

This study aimed at developing Tri Hita Karana based student worksheets to improve students' critical thinking skills. The model used in the development of Tri Hita Karana-based worksheets in this study was the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The results of this study revealed that the validity of the developed student worksheets was excellent. It was indicated by the average test scores of material and design experts which was about 83.75% and 81.58% and considered having very good quality. The readability test in class A and B obtained an average score of 82.27% and 80.64% with very good quality. The results also showed that the developed worksheets were able to improve students' critical thinking skills. This could be seen from the n-gain values in class A and B of 0.74 and 0.78 in the medium category, and the sig value. in the paired sample t test of 0.00 in both classes. Teachers and students gave good responses to the developed worksheets. In conclusion, Tri Hita Karana based student worksheets with the feasibility and effectiveness in improving students' critical thinking skills were successsfully developed.
Pengaruh Metode Outdoor Study Berbasis Subak Dalam Pembelajaran IPS Terhadap Sikap Sosial Dan Sikap Ekologis Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Abiansemal Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Pariani Nengah , Sriartha I Putu , Kertih I Wayan
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode Outdoor Study berbasis subak dalam pembelajaran IPS terhadap sikap sosial dan sikap ekologis siswa kelas V sekolah dasar di gugus VIII kecamatan Abiansemal kabupaten Badung. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian eksperimen semu/quasy eskperimental dengan rancangan posttest only control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar di gugus VIII Kecamatan Abiansemal Kabupaten Badung yang berjumlah 199 orang siswa. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan disimpulkan bahwa: 1) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penerapan metode outdoor study berbasis subak dalam pembelajaran IPS terhadap sikap sosial siswa, 2) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penerapan metode outdoor study berbasis subak dalam pembelajaran IPS terhadap sikap ekologis siswa, dan 3) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penerapan metode outdoor study berbasis subak dalam pembelajaran IPS terhadap sikap sosial dan sikap ekologis siswa.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU PANDUAN MODEL BLENDED LEARNING BERBASIS WEBBLOG
Authors: Suryana Jajang
Published: November 2021

ABSTRAK              Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Pengembangan dimaksud bertalian dengan main product revision, yaitu perancangan buku panduan Model Blended Learning Berbasis Webblog. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian pengembangan yang berbasis FGD dan angket reviewer mendalam sebagai alat evaluasi. Hasil FGD dan angket reviewer mendalam dari sejumlah ahli dan calon pengguna buku pedoman, ditetapkan bahwa 1) format buku pedoman yang ergonomis adalah A5; 2) isi bahasan buku sebagian disusun dalam format bahasan tutorial sejalan dengan fungsi buku pedoman; 3) ukuran halaman A5 masih memberi ruang yang nyaman untuk pembacaan gambar-gambar bahan tutorial hasil screenshot; 4) layout naskah rata kiri-kanan dengan kepala alinea rata kiri dianggap cukup nyaman; 5) cover buku yang polos dianggap cukup eye-catching dengan penggunaan huruf sans serif; dan 6) font dengan rata tengah pada tampilan cover buku dianggap lebih nyaman.  Kata-kata kunci: blended learning, webblog, pengembangan, buku pedoman ABSTRACT             This research is a 2nd year development research. Previous research is a development study revision of the implementation of blended learning models based serve in the D-3 Visual Communication Design FBS, Undiksha,. The development is already reached the main position of product revision based on the findings of some problems in the steps and evaluation of learning activities. The revision of the learning model was developed using the pattern of the approach of Chiesa & Frattini (2009) relating to three achievements of development research, namely inputs (results of inventory and research theory), process (model development) and the outputs (formula of learning activities). The previous research has analyzed three problems that are a barrier to the implementation of this learning model, which is related to input, process, and output. The results of the analysis became a consideration in determining the revision of implementation of this blended learning model based serve. All records and findings in the research activities were compiled into a key ingredient in the writing of the Manual on the Blended learning Model based on the Webblog.Keywords: blended learning, inputs; process, outputs, manual, webblog
IMPLEMENTASI EUFEMISME DALAM BERITA UTAMA SURAT KABAR TEMPO SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMP
Authors: Septiana Rahma Eka , Rahmawati Laili Etika
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan implementasi eufemisme dalam berita utama surat kabar Tempo sebagai bahan ajar bahasa Indonesia di SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian bahasa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu teknik simak dan catat. Teknik simak dilakukan dengan cara menyimak teks berita yang terdapat dalam surat kabar Tempo dan teknik catat dilakukan dengan cara mencatat kata-kata atau kalimat-kalimat yang termasuk dalam penggunaan eufemisme dalam berita utama surat kabar Tempo. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penggunaan  eufemisme dalam berita utama surat kabar Tempo dapat diimplementasikan sebagai bahan ajar bahasa Indonesia materi teks berita kelas VIII. Hal ini dapat dilihat bahwa di dalam berita utama surat kabar Tempo memiliki kelengkapan unsur-unsur teks berita. Penggunaan eufemisme dalam teks berita berperan sebagai pembentuk moral baik kepada peserta didik sekolah menengah pertama karena memberikan dampak positif untuk perkembangan wawasan.
IDENTIFICATION OF GENES REGULATED IN RESPONSE TO Cu EXPOSURE IN Brassica nigra L.
Authors: MERAKLI Nuriye , BULDUK İbrahim , MEMON Abdul
Published: November 2021

Copper (Cu) is one of the essential trace metals required for plant growth. High amount of Cu in the media inhibits plant growth and is toxic to the plants. Brassica nigra L., a Cu accumulator, can tolerate a high amount of Cu and have specific mechanisms to relocate Cu within the cell compartments and keep the toxic amount of Cu away from the cytoplasm. This study aimed to evaluate the Cu-induced gene expression pattern of B. nigra Diyarbakir ecotype subjected to low Cu treatment. The Arabidopsis ATH1 genome array was used to determine the Cu-induced gene expression in the leaves of B. nigra grown at 25 µM Cu. Ninety-five genes were upregulated, and seventy-two genes were downregulated in the leaves of plants grown under 25 µM Cu. Cu responsive genes, such as glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, heavy metal transporters, natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins, cytochrome p450, MYB-like transcription factor, copper/zinc, and Fe superoxide dismutases, and some protein kinases were highly expressed in the leaves of Cu-treated plants. The present work provides the global gene expression pattern in facultative metallophyte B. nigra, which could serve as a molecular tool for future phytoremediation studies.
Antimicrobial Resistance of Aeromonas Species Isolated from Cultured Indian Major Carp, Labeo rohita: Possible Public Health Concern
Authors:   Dept. of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, SVVU, Muthukur, Nellore,  Andhra Pradesh (524 344), India, Lavanya Chethurajupalli , Neeraja Tambireddy ,   Dept. of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, SVVU, Muthukur, Nellore,  Andhra Pradesh (524 344), India, Babu P. Hari ,   Dept. of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, SVVU, Muthukur, Nellore,  Andhra Pradesh (524 344), India, Ramana T. V. ,   Dept. of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, SVVU, Muthukur, Nellore,  Andhra Pradesh (524 344), India, Balasubramanian A. ,   Dept. of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, SVVU, Muthukur, Nellore,  Andhra Pradesh (524 344), India, Meshram Supradhnya ,   Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai (400 061), India, Sruthi P. ,   Dept. of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, SVVU, Muthukur, Nellore,  Andhra Pradesh (524 344), India
Published: November 2021

In India, Labeo rohita is widely cultured and consumed freshwater fish. Aeromonads are etiological agents of major bacterial fish diseases like furunculosis, haemorrhagic septicaemia, skin ulcers, fin/tail rot and dropsy, causing significant economic losses in carp culture. Aeromonas species are widely distributed in aquatic environment which is considered as important vehicle of Aeromonas infections to fish and humans. Some of the Aeromonas spp. causes gastroenteritis, septicaemia, peritonitis, meningitis and eye infections in humans. In the present study Aeromonas species were isolated from diseased freshwater fish Labeo rohita collected from two districts viz., West Godavari and SPSR Nellore of Andhra Pradesh, India. A Total of 12 Aeromonas spp. were isolated and identified by biochemical tests. A. veronii bv. veronii (35%) was dominant when compared to other Aeromonas spp. Further, Antimicrobial resistance and multiple Antimicrobial resistance (MAR) of all Aeromonas spp. were tested against 17 antibiotics being frequently used for human diseases. The Antimicrobial resistance of all the 12 Aeromonas spp. have shown significantly high (p<0.05) resistance (100%) to ampicillin, amoxyclave and oxytetracycline except A. cavernicola when compared to other antibiotics. The MAR index of Aeromonas spp. ranged from 0.18-0.76, which indicates origination of isolated Aeromonas spp. from high risk sources of contamination. A. hydrophila, A. veronii bv. sobria, A. veronii bv. veronii, A. schubertii and A. jandaei isolated in this study were found to be pathogenic to humans also. The results revealed the pathogenic potential of Aeromonas infections in freshwater fish culture and emerging threats to public health.
NATO’s Role in Ensuring Security in the Conditions of Changes in the Global Energy Landscape
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Turchyn Yaryna , Ivasechko Olha ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: November 2021

The article identifies key problems on the path of energy security and the role of NATO in solving them. The Alliance’s position on the energy issue has been determined. The documents of the NATO summits in Bucharest in 2008, in Chicago in 2012, and the NATO 2010 Strategic Concept have been analyzed. It turned out that the Alliance has divided its role into three areas: raising awareness; protecting critical energy infrastructure and deepening energy efficiency in the military. The role of Centers of Excellence, their specialization, and goals have been investigated. The impact of hybrid wars on energy security has been also considered. The actions of the Russian Federation to deteriorate energy security through cyberattacks in order to weaken the role and defensive actions of NATO have been highlighted. It is noted that cooperation with Ukraine is a promising direction for ensuring the energy security of the Alliance. The key tasks that Ukraine faces for the stability of its energy system have been identified. It is concluded that the work of NATO occupies an important place in protecting energy security, because the Alliance managed to clearly define the directions of its activities in this area.
Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Human Jobs (Review of the Monograph George Gilder “Gaming AI”. Seattle: Discovery Institute Press, 2020).
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kadykalo Sofia
Published: November 2021

A review of the book “Gaming AI” by the famous American author, economist and co-founder of the Discovery Institute, George Gilder, in which he argues that Artificial Intelligence (AI) cannot think like a man, but can change conditions of a human jobs. Therefore, he expects that in the future AI will be controlled by a man in those types of jobs that are routine and mechanical, as well as help him/her in creativeness.
Reffering to the Life and Work of Roman Ingarden ((Review of the collective monograph “Philosophy of Roman Ingarden and the Modernity”. Ed. by Dm. Shevchuk. Ostroh: Publishing House of the National University “Ostroh Academy”, 2021).
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Pankiv Olesia
Published: November 2021

The content and main issues of the collective monograph “Philosophy of Roman Ingarden and Modernity” edited by Dmytro Shevchuk, issued on materials of the International Conference, which took place in Lutsk at the National University “Ostroh Academy”. In this monograph covered the views and fundamental problems of the famous Polish philosopher in the field of ontology, epistemology, anthropology, axiology, philosophy of literature. We can assume that the authors of the monograph managed to achieve the goal: outlined the significance of R. Ingarden’s achievement for modern philosophy, compared with the views of representatives of the Lviv-Warsaw School, phenomenology, semiotics, philosophy of dialogue and others. The relevance and prospects of the study of R. Ingarden’s works in Ukraine are noted.
Ukraine: Legal Forms for Private Practice in Oral Surgery and Dentistry
Authors: Koba Nataliia , Nagorniak Ivan
Published: November 2021

During the last 30 years of Ukrainian independence
the private dental businesses are flourishing what is
a very good sign not only for patients and dental
professionals, but also for economy. As of January
1, 2019, 4,584 privately owned dental institutions
were registered Ukraine. Among them, 669 were
dental clinics and 3,915 – dental offices.1 Generally,
dental care in Ukraine (as of January 1, 2019) was
provided by 25,651 dentists of six specialties.1
According to these 2019 data, we can hypostatize
that every sixth dentist in Ukraine is an owner of
a private clinic/office.1 Moreover, as of January 1,
2021, the number of private dental practices for
the first time in history of this country increased
to 5,084 (ie, showed a 8.72 percent growth during a
2019 to 2021 period).
The incidence of sleep disturbances among medical students
Authors: Chernykh NYu , Skrebneva AV , Melikhova EP , Vasilieva MV
Published: November 2021

Sleep disturbance is a common health problem that can influence the quality of life. There are several types of sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, periodic limb movement disorder, and circadian dysregulation. Medical students are probably more prone to sleep disturbances due to their extreme academic stress. In this research, the incidence of sleep disturbance among medical students was examined, and the concomitant risk factors were determined. That was one-time research. A questioning was used to collect social, demographic and sleeping data. 678 1st, 2nd and 3rd year medical students were surveyed. 29% complained of at least one sleep disturbance. The most widely spread sleep disturbance observed among 51.8% medical students included insomnia (initial insomnia and sleep maintenance). 4th year students and those who spend much time on smartphones were more prone to sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances are common among medical students. They need to be discovered and paid attention to before the situation gets worse.
In vitro propagation of some tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) hybrids
Authors: Ibrahem Kadhum Muhammed , Kadhum Hamza Musa , Manea Ali Abadi
Published: November 2021

Seeds of four tomato hybrids Ginan, Nirtia, Speedy and Rola were cultured on aseptic germination medium after surface sterilization with NaOCl. Shoot tips 1cm length were dissected and grown on MS medium supplemented with Benzyl adenine (BA) and Indole acetic acid (IAA) for multiplication. Callus was induced on hypocotyls cultured on MS medium supplemented with BA under light intensity of 1000 lux and 25 0C. Results showed that NaOCl at 4% completely disinfected seeds and resulted in pathogen free seedlings. Results also showed that a concentration of 4 mg/l of BA was superior in increasing callus fresh and dry weights. Shoot multiplication was achieved on the same medium supplemented with 2 and 0.8 mg/l of BA and IAA respectively.
Production of lipase from Aspergillus oryzae (T4) isolate by solid-state fermentation
Authors: Mustafa Thikra A. , AL-Azawi Shatha S. , AL-Samarraei Khulood W.
Published: November 2021

Forty five fungal isolates belong to different species were tested for their ability to produce lipase, one of these isolates was selected as the best lipase producer. It was identified as a strain of Aspergillus oryzae (T4).The optimum conditions for the production of lipase by solid–state fermentation included culturing of the fungus on cotton seed meal hydrated with 1% ammonium sulfate and1% olive oil, pH 7.0 with 1:2 (w/v) hydration ratio incubated at 30˚C for 7 days .The best extraction solution for the enzyme was 0.2 M phosphate buffer pH 7.0, the productivity reached 2U/g dry weight under these conditions.
Histopathological study on the antifungal activity of Salix plant extract on some dermatophytes
Authors: Rabee B. , K Al-Samarrae , A. Kawkab S.
Published: November 2021

The study was designed to determine the activity of methanolic Salix extract as anantifungal agent. Rabbits were divided into three groups. The first grouprepresents the control (6) while the second and the third groups were infected withfungal inoculums of the rabbit skin. After development of skin lesion, the infectedarea of the second group was treated with Salix extract until healing. Thehistopathological study revealed recovery from infection in the infected animals,which manifested by well-developed epithelial tissue similar to the control group.
Micropropagtion of two Strawberries (Fragaria anariassa L.) Cultivars
Authors: Abas Dhaher , Hassan Jabbar abas , M.Jasem Abd aljasem.
Published: November 2021

Shoot tips from two strawberry (Fragaria anariassa L.) cultivars, Gabi and Edpeerenwere cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0mg /1 of BA tostudy their effects on number, length, fresh weight and dry weight of shoots. Thestudy also included measuring the effect of different concentrations of IBA (0 , 0.1 ,0.3 , 0.5 or 1.0) mg / l on rooting percentage, roots number and length. This studyalso included the acclimatization processes for plantlets in sand and a mixture ofsand and peat moss media. Results indicated that addition of BA to the nutrientmedium led to a significant increase in all investigated traits in comparison with the control with obvious superiority of 2 mg /l which reflected positively on the meannumber of shoots (20.0) shoots / plant, the fresh and dry weight were 1237.73 and136.4 mg respectively, especially with Gabi cultivar, the result showed that all thelevels of IBA in the nutrient medium led to 100% rooting after 6 weeks of plantingof both cultivars compared with 50% of in control. It was also noticed significantincreases in the roots number and shoot lengths when IBA concentration wasincreased in the medium. The best growth for the rooted plantlets was found to be1:1 sand: peat moss which showed survival percentages of 80 and 90% after 4weeksof planting Erdpeern and Gabi cultivars respectively.
The effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract on gram positive and negative bacteria
Authors: Ali Intesar Hussien
Published: November 2021

The antibacterial effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract was evaluated by in vitrostudy testing the growth of various Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative bacteria.The bactericidal activity of this extract was analyzed by serial dilution in tubes.This study, found that Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive bacteria susceptible tovery low garlic concentrations. On the other hand, Gram-Negative bacteria weremore susceptible than Gram-Positive bacteria, the minimal bactericidalconcentration of Gram-Negative bacteria was 2 mg ml-1 but minimal bactericidalconcentration of Gram-Positive bacteria was 4 mg ml- that means doubleinhibition concentration of Gram-negative bacteria. This study suggest that garlichave inhibition effect about Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative bacteria and garlicwas natural material found in Iraq and world wide with little side effect.
In vitro Fertilization in Iraqi Local Goats
Authors: AL-Ahmed Hazim I.
Published: November 2021

412 primary ova were used in the study of in vitro fertilization, these ova were collected from ovaries samples of does at different stages of oestrous cycle collected from abattoirs.These follicles were classified according to their size into large follicles (> 2-6 mm) and small follicles (1-2 mm). Ova aspirated from these follicles were evaluated depending on the presence or absence of cumulus oophorus cells and on the presence of the first polar body. The aspirated ova from large and small follicles were maturated in tissue culture medium 199 to study their ability of maturation.. The microdrops technique from tissue culture (Medium 199) and granulosa cell co-culture technique were used for the maturation of ova, also the in vitro fertilization was inducted in these ova with the sperm which were capacitated in Bracket Medium. The results showed that the highest rate for ova aspiration and the highest rate of ova surrounded by cumulas oophorus were from the large, follicles. The size of follicle has a significant influence on the degree of ova growth and maturation. The results showed the absence of significant differences in the efficacy of two techniques used in the ova maturation and their ability of fertilization.
Extraction and partial Purification of ipopolysaccaride (LPS) from E. coli O157:H7 ioslate
Authors: J. Al-Hashimi Ashwak B. , Al-Jumaily Essam F. A. , Al-Thiwini Amina N. , Al-Omari Hitham A.
Published: November 2021

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was partialy purified from E. coli O157:H7 local isolate by Sepharose – 4B gel filtration chromatography, after extraction by phenol-chloroform –petroleum ether mixture. The results show the presence of two peaks of proteins; while one peak of carbohydrates when tested at wave length 490nm. Nucleic acids were not found in the sample after partial purification. Electrophoresis pattern shows one large band with a molecular weight of 69000 daltons.
The Role of Silver Thiosulphate and Glutamine on Direct Organogenesis of Two Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivars
Authors: Bader Saleh M. , Khierallah Hussam S. M.
Published: November 2021

This study was conducted to examine the effect of silver thiosulphate (STS) and glutamine at various concentrations on direct organogenesis and shoots multiplication of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Barhi and Maktom cvs. Shoot tip quarters were cultured in vitro on modified MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/1 2ip, 1.0 mg/1 BA, 1.0 mg/1 NAA and 1.0 mg/1 NOA with various concentrations of STS (30, 60, 90 and 120 µM) and glutamine at (0.35, 0.70, 1.4 and 2.1 mM). The same concentrations were used in multiplication stage with medium supplemented with 4.0 mg/1 2ip, 2 mg/1 BA, 1.0 mg/1 NAA and 1.0 mg/1 NOA. Results indicated that the addition of STS at 90 µM and glutamine at 0.7 mM gave the best result for adventitious bud formation after 16 weeks (8.1 and 9.4 buds per explant for Barhi and Maktom respectively). Subculturing of these buds on agitated liquid MS medium with 90 µM STS and 1.4 mM glutamine gave the highest average of shoots number (12.5 and 14.7 shoots for Barhi and Maktom respectively). Maktom cultivar produced more buds and shoots than Barhi irrespective of the level of STS and glutamine. Shoots were rooted and successfully transferred to soil. These results confirm the importance of supplementing plant culture media of date palm cvs. Barhi and Maktom with both silver thiosulphate and glutamine in order to optimize and improve the clonal propagation protocol for these two cultivars.
Purification And Characterization of Trametes hirsute DSMZ No.5072 Laccase
Authors: Al Shaikly Ali A. Taha
Published: November 2021

In this study, the Production of laccase enzyme from Trametes hirsuta strain (DSMZ No.5072) in the 2L fermenter using different culturing media had been achieved. The production of laccase was also induced by using different concentrations of Copper sulphate, 2, 5 Xylidine and Gallic acid as inducers. The maximum laccase activitiy observed during T. hirsuta growth in the presence of various inducers was 5.89 U ml -1. Laccase purification was performed by precipitated the enzymes with ammoniam sulphate, saturation 90%, followed by gel filtration chromatography using Sephadex-G25 and more purified by ion-exchanger (DEAE-Sephadex). The obtained enzyme was concentrated by ultra filtration membrane and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The activity of home prepared laccase and the commercial laccase from Trametes versicolor were carried out in different media (aqueous, reverse micelles, co-solvent, ionic liquid and ternary systems) depend on oxidation of ABTS as an enzyme substrate. The optimum pH for the laccase activity of the two fungal laccases was observed at acidic pH values close to (pH 3.5-4.6) while the optimum temperature was 70ºC.
In vitro cytotoxic study for partially purified resveratrol extracted from grape skin fruit Vitis vinifera
Authors: Mohammed Zainab Y. , Al-Jumaily Essam F. , Yaseen Nahi Y.
Published: November 2021

The partial purified resveratrol was obtained from the skin of black grape fruit cultivated in Iraq using 80% ethanolic solution, then an acid hydrolysis with 10% HCl solution for (10–30) min at 60Cº was carried out. The aglycone moiety was taken with an organic solvent (chloroform), then using an open glass column packed with silica gelG 60 as a stationary phase and a mobile phase of; benzene: methanol: actic acid (20:4:1). The study utilized an in vitro evaluation for the cytotoxic effect of the partially purified resveratrol on some cell lines including, the murine mammary adenocarcinoma (Ahmed –Mohammed –Nahi–2003 -AMN -3) cell line; the human laryngeal carcinoma (Hep -2) cell line and the Rat Embryo Fibroblast (REF) cell line at different concentrations and different exposure time of treatment. The partial purified resveratrol extract concentrations ranging (7.8–4000) µg/ml in a two fold serial dilutions were used to treat the three types of cell lines for 48 and 72 hours intervals. AMN-3 cell lines showed highest sensitivity toward the cytotoxic effect of the paritial purified resveratrol than other cell lines after 48 hours in a dose dependent manner. While Hep-2 cell line showed novel behavior, the lowest concentration of cell treatment gave the most significant (P< 0.01) inhibitory effect. Only the highest concentration gave significant inhibitory effect (P< 0.01) with the transformed Ref cell line.
In vivo and in vitro studies on heavy metal tolerance in Sesbania grandiflora L
Authors: Ibrahim Kadhim M. , Yousir Shaimaa A.
Published: November 2021

Several experiments were carried out to study heavy metal tolerance in tissue cultures or whole plants of S. grandiflora., Callus was induced and maintained on modified Murashige and Skoog, 1962 medium (MS) supplemented with (0.5)mg/l benzyl adenine and (2)mg/l 2,4-phenoxy acetic acid . Heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Cr or Zn) were added to the culture medium at different concentrations as contamination agents. In order to asses the effect of these heavy metals on seed germination; seeds were sown in soil contaminated with different concentrations of heavy metals for 3 weeks. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used for analysis of samples taken from whole plants and callus cultures. Results showed that callus fresh weight decreased with increasing heavy metal concentration in cultural medium. Germination percentages and plant heights increased over time. However, a reduction occurred in these parameters with increasing heavy metal levels. Percentages of metals accumulated in calli were (0.001, 0.011, 0.012 and 0.013%) at (0.0, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1)mg/l Cd respectively; (0.001, 0.008, 0.016 and 0.006%) at (0.0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5)mg/l Co respectively; (0.001, 0.020, 0.034 and 0.015%) at (0.0, 0.075, 0.2 and 0.5)mg/l Cu respectively; (0.001, 0.013, 0.012 and 0.010%) at (0.0, 0.25, 0.4 and 0.5)mg/l Cr respectively and (0.027, 0.051, 0.059 and 0.056%) at (0.0 , 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5)mg/l Zn respectively. Percentages of metals accumulated in whole plants were (0.08, 0.55, 1.11, 0.83 and 0.44%) at (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0)mg/Kg soil Cd respectively; (0.11, 0.22, 0.55, 0.47 and 0.44%) at (0.0, 15.0, 30.0 45.0 and 60.0)mg/Kg soil Co respectively; (0.01, 0.10, 0.57, 0.58 and 0.72%) at (0.0, 25.0, 50.0, 75.0 and 100.0)mg/Kg soil Cu respectively. (0.08, 0.80, 1.28, 1.31 and 0.88%) at (0.0, 25.0, 50.0, 75.0 and 100.0)mg/Kg soil Cr respectively and (0.06, 1.11, 1.20, 1.83 and 2.22%) at (0.0, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0 and 400.0)mg/Kg soil Zn respectively.
Estimating the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus isolated from different sources on some pathogens of urogenital infections in women group
Authors: Mohamed Bushra J . , Thwani Amina N. AL.
Published: November 2021

This study was aimed to identify of pathogenic organism isolated from urogintal tract and estimate the effect of Lactobacillus which isolated from different sources on the growth of these pathogens including (Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Gardnerella viginals, Klebsiella oxytoca ,Proteus mirabilis). The results showed that Lactobacillus which was isolated from vagina on solid medium was effective against pathogenic isolates more than the Lactobacillus species isolated from yoghurt, cow milk, human milk with inhibition zone (12-16) mm, while the highs inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus isolated from vagina in liquid media with inhibition zone reached to(18)mm. Adversely, lowest inhibitory effect was shown with supernatant of Lactobacillus spp isolated from human milk with inhibition zone reached to(11)mm comparison with Lactobacillus spp isolated from yoghurt and cow milk with inhibition zone (13-15) mm. Also the result revealed that Lactobacillus spp isolated from vagina, human milk, cow milk and yoghurt by overlay method had no effect on pathogenic bacteria but high effect was shown only with the vaginal Lactobacillus isolates on C .albicans.
Identification of Mediterranean mutation in the G6PD gene on molecular level in Iraqi population
Authors: Al-Temmemy Rana A. , Al-Jumaily Essam F.
Published: November 2021

The study involved extraction of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from 71 samples of random G6PD patients and 85 samples of apparently healthy individuals from different Iraqi populations respectively, which was then amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and later subjected to digestion by restriction enzyme to create restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to enable the detection of mutation that caused G6PD deficiency namely Mediterranean (Med). The results of the current study showed that Iraqies were affected by G6PD deficiency in a percentage of 7.2% and showed that the majority of affected cases were caused by Med mutation (95.8%). It could be concluded that Med mutation causes a serious impact on pediatric health and its the most prevalent cause of G6PD deficiency.
Evaluation of Some Hematological and Cytogenetic Effects of Ammi majus Seed Aqueous Extract in Albino Male Mice
Authors: Kh. Al-Jumaily Rakad M. , Ad'hiah Ali H. , Al. Halbosiy Mohammed M. F. , Abdul Hameed Baraa A.
Published: November 2021

The present study was carried out with the aim to evaluate the hematological and cytogenetic effects of seed aqueous extract of the plant Ammi majus (0.5, 1.0, 1.5) mg/kg in albino male mice. The investigated parameters were total count of leucocytes (TLC), mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN) formation and chromosomal aberrations. The mitomycin C (MMC) was used as a mutagen in the interaction with the plant extract (pre- and post-treatment), with the aim to determine the antimutagenic efficiency of the plant extract, and in all cases, the materials were given orally. In the first treatment, the results indicated that the dose 1.5 mg/kg of the extract enhanced the parameters investigated and a significant increase was observed in TLC (10070 cells/cu.mm.blood) as compared to negative (7290 cells/cu.mm.blood) or positive (4910 cells/cu.mm.blood) controls, and such observation was positively correlated with the mitotic index. In contrast, the spontaneous formation of MN was significantly decreased in the three investigated doses of the extract. In pre- and post-treatment experiments, a similar picture was drawn, and the plant extract was able to modulate the mutagenic effects of MMC.
Role of Pili and Polysaccharide in adherence ofPseudomonasaeruginosato mammalian epithelial cells
Authors: Hamza Subhi J. , Al-Zubaidy Sumuiyya H. , Al-Amir Lina A. K.
Published: November 2021

Adherence capability of Pseudomonasaeruginosaisolated fromIraqi patients was tested in accordance to their capability to adhere to epithelial cells.A range of adherence ability was found: Thehighestcapacitywith mean number of adhering bacteria of (13.5) was noticed. A sparse content or alginate was detected in these isolates analysis of pilin protein isolated from cultures exposed to ciprofloxacin antibiotic at sub MIC, level using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that treatment of cells with 3/4 MIC show highest activity as compared with others. Results of protein profile followed the same trend of that in adhesion experiment which allows to hypothesize that these isolates arepiliated, no mucoid.
Effect of licorice extract on ovulation induction in immature female mice
Authors: Al-Muala I. K. , Al-Jiboori B.M.
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of licorice extract (LE) on induction of ovulation and on the structural changes of ovary, oviduct and uterus. Divided into 6 groups: G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6 (14 animals for each). G1 received 1g/kg bwt/day of licorice extract for 2 weeks. G2 were fed with 0.5g/kg bwt/day of licorice extract for 2 weeks. Mice fed on normal diet and tap water (without LE) were regarded as control group (G3). G4 and G5 received the same doses of G1 and G2 respectively for 4 weeks. G6 received tap water only and considered as a control for G4 and G5. Before the initiation of dosing, vaginal smears were taken daily and ceased when estrus phase of first ovarian cycle appeared. At the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed and reproductive system were excised and divided into two sides: the left one only was used for histological studies. The results indicated that LE consumption caused an increase in the diameter of the ovary, total number of follicles and their diameters of all mice treated with a higher dose and longer duration. Dose of 1g/kg bwt/day was also more effective upon measuring the diameters of uterine glands and the diameter of the oviductal ampulla, while the lower dose gave higher results only in measuring the height of endometrial epithelial lining cells and the oviductal epithelial lining cells. There was a significant precocious estrus cycle in animals that treated with 1g/kg bwt/day and a non significant precocity with 0.5g/kg bwt/day, as compared to the control group. These results may be attributed to the effect of various components of LE, especially estrogen-like substances in addition to other components like: proteins, amino acids, vitamins and trace elements present in the licorice. The results of the present study indicate that the use of low doses of LE (0.5, 1)g for a short period of time 2-4 weeks improved the reproductive organs, induced earlier estrus cycle and consequently may improve the reproduction. The consumption of 1g licorice extract daily for 4 weeks induced sexual maturity better than the other dose and period.
Effect of sage (Salvia officinalis) aqueous extract on mitotic index in albino male mice
Authors: Al-Ezzy Roqaya, M. , Al-Samarrae Khulood , Ad'haih Ali H.
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of sage (Salvia officinalis) on bone marrow cells in albino male mice by using three doses ( 83.9, 167.8 or 251.7 mg/kg) and cytosar drug at dose of ( 1.54 mg/kg). The results showed that sage has the ability to increase the mitotic index in mice in comparing with the negative control and in mice treated with cytosar drug that caused reduction in mitotic index. The results of pre- and post-treatment with the ideal dose of aqueous extract of sage and cytosar drug showed the ability of sage to increase the mitotic index of bone marrow cells in mice in comparing with the negative controls.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of novel metal complexes of testosterone thiosemicarbazone and methandrostenolon thiosemicarbazone
Authors: Al-Bayati Redha I. , AbdulAmier Ahmed , Al-Amiery Hussain , Al-Majedy Yasmien K.
Published: November 2021

This work involves the chemical synthesis of novel complexes derived from steroid hormones using testosterone and methandrostenolon as starting materials. When these starting materials react with thiosemicarbazide, L1 (testosteronthiosemicarbazone ) and L2 (methandrostenolonthiosemicarbazone ) are formed, and when they react with Cr (III), Co (II), Ni (II), and Cu (II) metal ions a new complexes are formed. The chemical structures for all the prepared compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, and UV/visible spectra. Moreover molar ratio M:L, metal content M%, and magnetic moments (μeff.) were also determined. The IR spectral data suggest the involvement of sulphur and azomethane nitrogen in coordination to the central metal ion. The free ligands and their metal complexes have been tested in vitro against a number of microorganisms (gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), and gram negative bacteria (E. coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella) in order to assess their antimicrobial properties. All the prepared complexes showed considerable activity against all bacteria.
Effects of aqueous extract of Salvia on some parameters of sperms and histopathological changes in testes of mice treated with Methotrexate (MTX)
Authors: AL-Samarrae Khulood W. , AL-Ahmed Hazim Ismaeel , Abdulatif Wisam
Published: November 2021

Methotrexate commonly used to treat cancer and causes reproductive damage in mice. The aim of this research is to study the effects of salvia aqueous extract on some parameters of sperms and histopathological changes in testis of mice treated with methotrexate. Twenty-four adult albino male mice were divided into three groups, (8 mice in each group) First group was negative control received normal saline intraperitoneally, while second group was treated with50 μg/kg, for 35 days intrapritoneally (ip). The third group was treated with methotrexate (50 μg/kg) also (ip) and extract of salvia 85 mg/kg for 35 days. The results showed significant (P<0.05) decrease in sperms motility , increased percentage of dead sperms and abnormalities of sperms in mice treated with MTX, there was significant (P<0.05) decrease in diameters of seminiferous tubules, primary spermatocytes and spermatids, increased interstitial spaces as compared with control, while in the third group result showed significant (P<0.05) increase in sperms motility , decreased percentage of dead and abnormalities of sperms and significant (P<0.05) increase in diameters of seminiferous tubules, primary spermatocytes and spermatids and decrease interstitial spaces compared with first and second groups.
Establishment of HPRT and DHFR Gene Mutation Assays as biomarkers In Sheep lung fibroblasts (SLF)
Authors: Shubber E. K. , Jaffer Z. MT
Published: November 2021

The aim of this research is to establish a gene mutation assay for examining the integrity of animal cell genome for nuclear transfer technique. Lung fibroblasts which were expanded from 4 months old female lamb were selected as target cells. These cells were coded (SLF) as Sheep lung cells. Growth characterization, doubling time, chromosomal number and structural integrity were checked after their growth in RPMI-1640 medium. For HPRT-gene mutation assay, the cells were plated at density of 1×103cells/plate and grown in medium containing toxic concentrations of 6-thioguanine; while for DHFR -gene mutation assay, toxic concentration of methotrexate was used as a selective agent. Those cells were grown for 15 days; mutant colonies either 6TGr or MTXr were reinoculated in a selective medium for further 8 weeks for checking the stability of phenotypic expression of mutant cells. The results revealed that SLF cells has spontaneous frequencies of HPRT, and DHFR gene mutations equal to 16 and 22×10-3 event/ generation/ cell, respectivel.These levels are normal comparing with other animal cell types, and these assays could be applied on other somatic cells.
Influence of sucrose and tyrosine on callus induction and morphine and codeine production on Papaver somniferum In vitro
Authors: Hamad M . S . , Hamza I. A. , Al-Muktar S . A .
Published: November 2021

A study was conducted at the tissue culture lab. College of Agriculture/ University of Baghdad and Drug Research Center/ Health Minstry during 2006 - 2007. Results indicated that MS medium supplemented with 30 g/l of sucrose gave the highest values (630.3, 61.6) mg of both fresh and dry weight of callus respectively. However, values of both parameters were reduced with increasing sucrose concentrations up to 60, 90, 120 g/l (478.2, 346.5, 217.6) mg respectively. MS medium supplemented with 30 mg/l of tyrosine gave the highest values of callus fresh and dry weight (429.7, 42.6) mg respectively. MS medium supplemented with 30 g/l of sucrose and 30 mg/L tyrosine gave the highest values (688.0, 67.5) mg of both fresh and dry weight callus. MS medium supplemented with 30 mg/l of tyrosine and 90 g/l of sucrose gave the highest values (2.9, 2.8) mg/g of morphine and codeine from fresh callus weight respectively while the lowest values of morphine and codeine (0.5K 0.2) mg/g from fresh callus weight respectively of control treatment .