bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Air Pollution and COVID-19: Any Causal Link?
Authors: Chandu Kavitha , Mahalakshmi D.V. , Kanchana A.L. , Mahesh P , Dharmaraju A , Dasari Madhavaprasad
Published: July 2022

Several studies have amply proved that air pollution negatively impacts human health. The nature of its effects on COVID-19 has, of late, become an area for investigation across the world. The present study reviews reports in the literature that centred on whether the presence and impact of air pollutants magnified the symptoms and actions of COVID-19 and whether preventive measures taken, starting with lockdown, affected air pollution levels. This may help to establish causality, if any, between pollution and COVID-19. Studies were chosen to ensure representation of all continents with diverse climatic conditions with the exception of Australia. Most of the studies concluded that air pollutants declined as a result of the lockdowns imposed to constrain the spread of COVID-19. A significant reduction in NO2 is observed along with the resultant increase in tropospheric ozone in the atmosphere. The inference is untrue in hostile meteorological conditions. According to some studies, reduction in pollutants aided in contracting the spread and severity of COVID-19. On the other hand, hostile weather conditions incited the spread and magnitude of COVID-19. A governmental policy inference could be that government intervention through imposing a lockdown would reduce air pollution and ensure the health safety of the people, but economic growth considerations need to be balanced against the benefit for public health.
Case studies on Q-slope method use for slope stability analyses
Authors: Komurlu Eren
Published: July 2022

The use of the Q-slope value is a relatively new approach for the stability investigations of rock slopes. In this study, four different slopes in Giresun and Ordu cities of Turkey were investigated to assess whether the Q-slope approach is usable for varying slope heights, or not. A back analysis was carried out for a landslide in a case study quarry located in Kovanlik municipality of Giresun city. Carrying out detailed investigations on the geotechnical drill cores and the field studies, the Q-slope value of the rock mass of the Kovanlik quarry was determined as 0.58. According to the Q-slope approach, the slope which had a landslide under the case of 49° general slope angle and 225 m height should have been stable at a general slope angle of 59°. It has been found that the Q-slope approach is not favorable for a high slope with the height of 225 m. Two roadway excavations with steep slope angles and low heights smaller than 25 m were also investigated within this study. According to the Q-slope value, the roadway slopes which are stable for more than 3 years are estimated to be unstable. Therefore, the Q-slope approach was found also misleading for slopes with low heights like those under 25 m. On the other hand, the Q-slope method usability is confirmed obtaining parallel results with the observations from another case study slope with a height of 78 m. Although it has become a popular empirical method in the recent years, it is recommended to revise the Q-slope approach or limit its use depending on the slope height parameter.
Finite Entailment of UCRPQs over ALC Ontologies
Authors: Gutiérrez-Basulto Víctor , Gutowski Albert , Ibáñez-García Yazmín , Murlak Filip
Published: July 2022

We investigate the problem of finite entailment of ontology-mediated queries. We consider the expressive query language, unions of conjunctive regular path queries (UCRPQs), extending the well-known class of union of conjunctive queries, with regular expressions over roles. We look at ontologies formulated using the description logic ALC, and show a tight 2ExpTime upper bound for entailment of UCRPQs. At the core of our decision procedure, there is a novel automata-based technique introducing a stratification of interpretations induced by the deterministic finite automaton underlying the input UCRPQ.
Epistemic Actions: Comparing Multi-agent Belief Bases with Action Models
Authors: Lorini Emiliano , Perrotin Elise , Schwarzentruber François
Published: July 2022

We compare the syntactic multi-agent belief base approach, and the dynamic epistemic logic possible world semantic approach. In the belief base approach, the language provides an implicit and an explicit belief operators, plus a dynamic modality for actions consisting in adding formulae to bases. For the semantic approach, we rely on action models of Dynamic Epistemic Logic (DEL). We first show how to translate a formula of the belief base approach into DEL: in particular, we provide a specific action model scheme corresponding to the addition of a formula in a belief base. Conversely, we identify a fragment of DEL that can be translated in the multi- agent belief base language.
Ontology-Mediated Querying on Databases of Bounded Cliquewidth
Authors: Lutz Carsten , Sabellek Leif , Schulze Lukas
Published: July 2022

We study the evaluation of ontology-mediated queries (OMQs) on
databases of bounded cliquewidth from the viewpoint of parameterized
complexity theory. As the ontology language, we consider the description
logics ALC and ALCI as well as the guarded two-variable fragment GF2
of first-order logic. Queries are atomic queries (AQs), conjunctive
queries (CQs), and unions of CQs. All studied OMQ problems are
fixed-parameter linear (FPL) when the parameter is the size of the
OMQ plus the cliquewidth. Our main contribution is a detailed analysis of
the dependence of the running time on the parameter, exhibiting
several interesting effects.
Towards an Enthymeme-Based Communication Framework in Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Panisson Alison R. , McBurney Peter , Bordini Rafael H.
Published: July 2022

Communication is one of the most important aspects of multi-agent systems. Among the different communication techniques applied to multi-agent systems, argumentation-based approaches have received special interest from the community, because allowing agents to exchange arguments provides a rich form of communication. In contrast to the benefits that argumentation-based techniques provide to multi-agent communication, extra weight on the communication infrastructure results from the additional information exchanged by agents, which could restrict the practical use of such techniques. In this work, we propose an argumentation framework whereby agents are able to exchange shorter messages when engaging in dialogues by omitting information that is common knowledge (e.g., information about a shared multi-agent organisation). In particular, we focus on using enthymemes, shared argumentation schemes (i.e., reasoning patterns from which arguments are instantiated), and common organisational knowledge to build an enthymeme-based communication framework. We show that our approach addresses some of Grice's maxims, in particular that agents can be brief in communication, without any loss in the content of the intended arguments.
Verification and Realizability in Finite-Horizon Multiagent Systems
Authors: Rajasekaran Senthil , Vardi Moshe Y.
Published: July 2022

The problems of verification and realizability are two central themes in the analysis of reactive systems. When multiagent systems are considered, these problems have natural analogues of existence (nonemptiness) of pure-strategy Nash equilibria and verification of pure-strategy Nash equilibria. Recently, this body of work has begun to include finite-horizon temporal goals. With finite-horizon temporal goals, there is a natural hierarchy of goal representation, ranging from deterministic finite automata (DFA), to nondeterministic finite automata (NFA), and to alternating finite automata (AFA), with a worst-case exponential gap between each successive representation. Previous works showed that the realizability problem with DFA goals was PSPACE-complete, while the realizability problem with temporal logic goals is in 2EXPTIME. In this work, we study both the realizability and the verification problems with respect to various goal representations. We first show that the realizability problem with NFA goals is EXPTIME-complete and with AFA goals is 2EXPTIME-complete, thus establishing strict complexity gaps between realizability with respect to DFA, NFA, and AFA goals. We then contrast these complexity gaps with the complexity of the verification problem, where we show that verification with respect to DFAs, NFA, and AFA goals is PSPACE-complete.
On Dynamics in Structured Argumentation Formalisms
Authors: Rapberger Anna , Ulbricht Markus
Published: July 2022

In this paper we contribute to the investigation of dynamics in assumption-based argumentation (ABA) and investigate situations where a given knowledge base undergoes certain changes. We show that two frequently investigated problems, namely enforcement of a given target atom and deciding strong equivalence of two given ABA frameworks, are intractable in general. Interestingly, these problems are both tractable for abstract argumentation frameworks (AFs) which admit a close correspondence to ABA by constructing semantics-preserving instances. Inspired by this observation, we search for tractable fragments for ABA frameworks by means of the instantiated AFs. We argue that the usual instantiation procedure is not suitable for the investigation of dynamic scenarios since too much information is lost when constructing the AF. We thus consider an extension of AFs, called cvAFs, equipping arguments with conclusions and vulnerabilities in order to better anticipate their role after the underlying knowledge base is extended. We investigate enforcement and strong equivalence for cvAFs and present syntactic conditions to decide them. We show that the correspondence between cvAFs and ABA frameworks is close enough to capture ABA also in dynamic scenarios. This yields the desired tractable ABA fragment. We furthermore discuss consequences for the corresponding problems for logic programs.
Pushing Optimal ABox Repair from EL Towards More Expressive Horn-DLs
Authors: Baader Franz , Kriegel Francesco
Published: July 2022

Ontologies based on Description Logic (DL) represent general background knowledge in a terminology (TBox) and the actual data in an ABox. DL systems can then be used to compute consequences (such as answers to certain queries) from an ontology consisting of a TBox and an ABox. Since both human-made and machine-learned data sets may contain errors, which manifest themselves as unintuitive or obviously incorrect consequences, repairing DL-based ontologies in the sense of removing such unwanted consequences is an important topic in DL research. Most of the repair approaches described in the literature produce repairs that are not optimal, in the sense that they do not guarantee that only a minimal set of consequences is removed. In a series of papers, we have developed an approach for computing optimal repairs, starting with the restricted setting of an EL instance store, extending this to the more general setting of a quantified ABox (where some individuals may be anonymous), and then adding a static EL TBox.

Here, we extend the expressivity of the underlying DL considerably, by adding nominals, inverse roles, regular role inclusions and the bottom concept to EL, which yields a fragment of the well-known DL Horn-SROIQ. The ideas underlying our repair approach still apply to this DL, though several non-trivial extensions are needed to deal with the new constructors and axioms. The developed repair approach can also be used to treat unwanted consequences expressed by certain conjunctive queries or regular path queries, and to handle Horn-ALCOI TBoxes with regular role inclusions.
A Credal Least Undefined Stable Semantics for Probabilistic Logic Programs and Probabilistic Argumentation
Authors: Rocha Victor Hugo Nascimento , Gagliardi Cozman Fabio
Published: July 2022

We present an approach to probabilistic logic programming and probabilistic argumentation that combines elements of the L-stable semantics and the credal semantics. We derive the complexity of inferences, propose an extended version of argumentation graphs with a semantics that maps to the L- stable semantics, and introduce a definition for the probability of an argument.
On the Representation of Darwiche and Pearl’s Epistemic States for Iterated Belief Revision
Authors: Schwind Nicolas , Konieczny Sébastien , Pino Pérez Ramón
Published: July 2022

The seminal characterization of iterated belief revision was proposed by Darwiche and Pearl, which uses an abstract notion of epistemic states. In this work we look for a canonical representation of these epistemic states. Total preorders are not expressive enough to be used as such a canonical representation. Actually, we show that some operators can even not be represented on a countable epistemic space. Nonetheless, under a very reasonable assumption on the epistemic space, we show that OCFs (Ordinal Conditional Functions) can be considered as a canonical representation.
Open Relation Extraction with Non-existent and Multi-span Relationships
Authors: Yang Huifan , Li Da-Wei , Li Zekun , Yang Donglin , Wu Bin
Published: July 2022

Open relation extraction (ORE) aims to assign semantic relationships among arguments, essential to the automatic construction of knowledge graphs (KG). The previous ORE methods and some benchmark datasets consider a relation between two arguments as definitely existing and in a simple single-span form, neglecting possible non-existent relationships and flexible, expressive multi-span relations. However, detecting non-existent relations is necessary for a pipelined information extraction system (first performing named entity recognition then relation extraction), and multi-span relationships contribute to the diversity of connections in KGs. To fulfill the practical demands of ORE, we design a novel Query-based Multi-head Open Relation Extractor (QuORE) to extract single/multi-span relations and detect non-existent relationships effectively. Moreover, we re-construct some public datasets covering English and Chinese to derive augmented and multi-span relation tuples. Extensive experiment results show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art ORE model LOREM in the extraction of existing single/multi-span relations and the overall performances on four datasets with non-existent relationships.
Looking Inside the Black-Box: Logic-based Explanations for Neural Networks
Authors: Ferreira João , de Sousa Ribeiro Manuel , Gonçalves Ricardo , Leite João
Published: July 2022

Deep neural network-based methods have recently enjoyed great popularity due to their effectiveness in solving difficult tasks. Requiring minimal human effort, they have turned into an almost ubiquitous solution in multiple domains. However, due to the size and complexity of typical neural network models' architectures, as well as the sub-symbolical nature of the representations generated by their neuronal activations, neural networks are essentially opaque, making it nearly impossible to explain to humans the reasoning behind their decisions. We address this issue by developing a procedure to induce human-understandable logic-based theories that attempt to represent the classification process of a given neural network model, based on the idea of establishing mappings from the values of the activations produced by the neurons of that model to human-defined concepts to be used in the induced logic-based theory. Exploring the setting of a synthetic image classification task, we provide empirical results to assess the quality of the developed theories for different neural network models, compare them to existing theories on that task, and give evidence that the theories developed through our method are faithful to the representations learned by the neural networks that they are built to describe.
A Graph Neural Network Reasoner for Game Description Language
Authors: Gunawan Alvaro , Ruan Ji , Huang Xiaowei
Published: July 2022

General Game Playing (GGP) aims to develop agents that are able to play any game with only rules given. The game rules are encoded in the Game Description Language (GDL). A GGP player processes the game rules to obtain game states and expand the game tree search for an optimal move. The recent accomplishments of AlphaGo and AlphaZero have triggered new works in extending neural network approaches to GGP. In these works, the neural networks are used only for optimal move selection, while the components dealing with GDL still use logic-based methods. This motivates us to explore if a neural network based method would be able to approximate the logical inference in GDL with a high accuracy. The structured nature of logic tends to be a difficulty for neural networks, which rely heavily on statistical features. Inspired by the recent works on neural network learning for logical entailments, we propose a neural network based reasoner that is able to learn logical inferences for GDL. We present three key contributions: (i) a general, game-agnostic graph-based representation for game states described in GDL, (ii) methods for generating samples and datasets to frame the GDL inference task as a neural network based machine learning problem and (iii) a GNN based neural reasoner that is able to learn and infer various game states with a high accuracy and has some capability of transfer learning across games.
Neural-Probabilistic Answer Set Programming
Authors: Skryagin Arseny , Stammer Wolfgang , Ochs Daniel , Dhami Devendra Singh , Kersting Kristian
Published: July 2022

The goal of combining the robustness of neural networks and the expressivity of symbolic methods has rekindled the interest in Neuro-Symbolic AI. One specifically interesting branch of research is deep probabilistic programming languages (DPPLs) which carry out probabilistic logical programming via the probability estimations of deep neural networks. However, recent SOTA DPPL approaches allow only for limited conditional probabilistic queries and do not offer the power of true joint probability estimation. In our work, we propose an easy integration of tractable probabilistic inference within a DPPL. To this end we introduce SLASH, a novel DPPL that consists of Neural-Probabilistic Predicates (NPPs) and a logical program, united via answer set programming. NPPs are a novel design principle allowing for the unification of all deep model types and combinations thereof to be represented as a single probabilistic predicate. In this context, we introduce a novel +/- notation for answering various types of probabilistic queries by adjusting the atom notations of a predicate. We evaluate SLASH on the benchmark task of MNIST addition as well as novel tasks for DPPLs such as missing data prediction, generative learning and set prediction with state-of-the-art performance, thereby showing the effectiveness and generality of our method.
Online Grounding of Symbolic Planning Domains in Unknown Environments
Authors: Lamanna Leonardo , Serafini Luciano , Saetti Alessandro , Gerevini Alfonso , Traverso Paolo
Published: July 2022

If a robotic agent wants to exploit symbolic planning techniques to achieve some goal, it must be able to properly ground an abstract planning domain in the environment in which it operates. However, if the environment is initially unknown by the agent, the agent needs to explore it and discover the salient aspects of the environment necessary to reach its goals. Namely, the agent has to discover: (i) the objects present in the environment, (ii) the properties of these objects and their relations, and finally (iii) how abstract actions can be successfully executed. The paper proposes a framework that aims to accomplish the aforementioned perspective for an agent that perceives the environment partially and subjectively, through real value sensors (e.g., GPS, and on-board camera) and can operate in the environment through low level actuators (e.g., move forward of 20 cm). We evaluate the proposed architecture in photo-realistic simulated environments, where the sensors are RGB-D on-board camera, GPS and compass, and low level actions include movements, grasping/releasing objects, and manipulating objects. The agent is placed in an unknown environment and asked to find objects of a certain type, place an object on top of another, close or open an object of a certain type. We compare our approach with a state of the art method on object goal navigation based on reinforcement learning, showing better performances.
Querying Inconsistent Prioritized Data with ORBITS: Algorithms, Implementation, and Experiments
Authors: Bienvenu Meghyn , Bourgaux Camille
Published: July 2022

We investigate practical algorithms for inconsistency-tolerant query answering over prioritized knowledge bases, which consist of a logical theory, a set of facts, and a priority relation between conflicting facts. We consider three well-known semantics (AR, IAR and brave) based upon two notions of optimal repairs (Pareto and completion). Deciding whether a query answer holds under these semantics is (co)NP-complete in data complexity for a large class of logical theories, and SAT-based procedures have been devised for repair-based semantics when there is no priority relation, or the relation has a special structure. The present paper introduces the first SAT encodings for Pareto- and completion-optimal repairs w.r.t. general priority relations and proposes several ways of employing existing and new encodings to compute answers under (optimal) repair-based semantics, by exploiting different reasoning modes of SAT solvers. The comprehensive experimental evaluation of our implementation compares both (i) the impact of adopting semantics based on different kinds of repairs, and (ii) the relative performances of alternative procedures for the same semantics.
Counting Queries over ELHI⊥ Ontologies
Authors: Bienvenu Meghyn , Manière Quentin , Thomazo Michaël
Published: July 2022

While ontology-mediated query answering most often adopts (unions of) conjunctive queries as the query language, some recent works have explored the use of counting queries coupled with DL-Lite ontologies. The aim of the present paper is to extend the study of counting queries to Horn description logics outside the DL-Lite family. Through a combination of novel techniques, adaptations of existing constructions, and new connections to closed predicates, we achieve a complete picture of the data and combined complexity of answering counting conjunctive queries (CCQs) and cardinality queries (a restricted class of CCQs) in ELHI⊥ and its various sublogics. Notably, we show that CCQ answering is 2EXP-complete in combined complexity for ELHI⊥ and every sublogic that extends EL or DL-Lite-pos-H. Our study not only provides the first results for counting queries beyond DL-Lite, but it also closes some open questions about the combined complexity of CCQ answering in DL-Lite.
Sticky Policies in OWL2: Extending PL with Fixpoints and Transitive Closure
Authors: Bonatti Piero A. , Sauro Luigi
Published: July 2022

PL is a low-complexity profile of OWL2, expressly designed to encode data usage policies and personal data protection regulations - such as the GDPR - in a machine understandable way. With PL, the compliance of privacy policies with the GDPR and with the data subjects' consent to processing can be checked automatically and in real time. In this paper, we extend PL to support "sticky policies". They are a sort of license that applies to data transfers, and specifies how the recipient can use the data. Sticky policies may be "recursive", i.e. they may apply not only to the first data transfer, but also to all subsequent transfer operations that the (direct or indirect) recipients may execute in the future. Such recursive sticky policies may be encoded with fixpoints or transitive role closure. In this paper we prove that such extensions make compliance checking intractable. Since the scalability of compliance checking is a major requirement in this area, these results justify a specialized, low complexity approach to encoding sticky policies.
Region-Based Merging of Open-Domain Terminological Knowledge
Authors: Bouraoui Zied , Konieczny Sébastien , Ma Thanh , Schwind Nicolas , Varzinczak Ivan
Published: July 2022

This paper introduces a novel method for merging open-domain terminological knowledge. It takes advantage of the Region Connection Calculus (RCC5), a formalism used to represent regions in a topological space and to reason about their set-theoretic relationships. To this end, we first propose a faithful translation of terminological knowledge provided by several and potentially conflicting sources into region spaces. The merging is then performed on these spaces, and the result is translated back into the underlying language of the input sources. Our approach allows us to benefit from the expressivity and the flexibility of RCC5 while dealing with conflicting knowledge in a principled way.
Análisis comparativo de la producción camaronera en Ecuador en el periodo 2010-2020
Authors: Santana Sornoza Johnny Willian , Macías Chila Raúl Ramón , Andrade Almeida Jacinto Atanacio , Álvarez Gerardo Villacreses
Published: July 2022

La eficiencia en la siembra del camarón se da por el uso del sistema extensivo que incluyen menos larvas por piscinas, lo que aumenta su productividad, mejora los resultados económicos e inclusos los impactos ambientales generados durante la realización de dichas operaciones. Para el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo el identificar los factores que inciden en la oferta del sector camaronero ecuatoriano. Para ello, se hizo uso de algunas técnicas estadísticas como regresión lineal y contraste de hipótesis y se realizó un estudio bibliográfico respecto a la producción de camarón en Ecuador, tomando como referencia los datos provistos por la Cámara Nacional de Acuacultura como de entidades de control públicas y revisa el impacto sin precedente sobre la actual crisis sanitaria del COVID-19 y la reducción de la demanda del camarón afectando los ingresos del Ecuador. Finalmente se pudo observar que las variables de investigación consideradas si impactan directamente en la producción del crustáceo y se estableció un modelo matemático.
Efecto de acelerantes químicos de la vulcanización en las propiedades de fricción y adhesión del látex del caucho para la producción de cuero vegetal
Authors: Meza Pérez Gilder
Published: July 2022

La máxima fricción y adhesión del látex de caucho, para la producción de cuero vegetal, se logró aplicando 2-mercaptobenzotiazol (MBT), y disulfuro de tetrametiltiuram (TMTD) como acelerantes químicos de la vulcanización a una dosis de 1 g/L de látex secando el cuero vegetal a estufa en 1,4 días. Bajo estas condiciones, se obtuvo 6417 de fricción y 7,01 N/10 mm de adhesión. El parámetro de fricción y adhesión aumentó en 161% (2456 de fricción inicial de cuero vegetal) y 446% (1,21 N/10 mm de adhesión inicial del cuero vegetal), respectivamente. El comportamiento de los tintes naturales no tuvo un efecto significativo en las propiedades de fricción y adhesión usando Bixa Orellana (achiote) y Genipa Americana (comúnmente llamado “wito”). Por el contrario, el polvo de Theobroma cacao L (cacao) mejoró las propiedades de resistencia del cuero aportando además la coloración marrón. Las muestras cumplieron las exigencias de la norma técnica peruana NTP ISO 11644 de materiales diferentes al cuero lo que evidenció que la aplicación de acelerantes químicos permite mejorar la calidad del cuero vegetal en las propiedades de fricción y adhesión.
Análisis energético, económico y ambiental del sistema un fotovoltaico conectado a la red bajo las condiciones climáticas de Chachapoyas
Authors: Gosgot Angeles Wildor , Guevara Diaz Ruel , Espinoza Canaza Fernando , Oliva-Cruz Manuel , Barrena Gurbillon Miguel Angel
Published: July 2022

El crecimiento poblacional ha generado escasez del recurso energético, conllevando al agotamiento de los hidrocarburos, por ello se viene implementando los sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a la red (SFCR) como alternativa ante la crisis energética y como fuente de energía limpia. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar energéticamente, económicamente y ambientalmente el SFCR de 3,3 kW instalado en la Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas (UNTRM-A). Para ello, se determinó la energía producida por el sistema, costos de implementación y los indicadores económicos mediante la energía producida durante la vida útil del sistema (25 años). La energía producida por el SFCR durante el periodo de evaluación (setiembre 2018- agosto 2020) fue de 8,280.61 kWh, con una irradiación promedio anual de 1,453.58 kWh/m2. La implementación de un SFCR requiriere de una inversión inicial de S/. 20,582.99 y valor actual de costo (VAC) de S/23,020.83; el resultado del beneficio económico fue de un Valor presente neto (VPN) de S/37,180.44, tasa interna de retorno (TIR) de 16 %, el periodo de recuperación simple (PRS) 6.84 años y un beneficio costo (B/C) de 2.62, teniendo un costo de energía residencial de S/. 0.8423httpy una tasa de descuento 3%. Se logró determinar que la implementación de un SFCR es económicamente viable. La cantidad de CO2 no emitido a la atmosfera durante el periodo de evaluación fue de 4,405.28 kg CO2-eq /año. Se deduce que el sistema es respetuoso con el medio ambiente y se puede tener benéficos con los bonos de carbono.
Meta Análisis de los Sistemas Fotovoltaicos en Viviendas Rurales. Casos: Perú y Bolivia
Authors: Oré García Julio , Olivares Navarro Carlos , Salazar López Raysa , Casas Manosalva María Anany , Tapia Allison , Allende León Beatriz , Vega Benavente Madelina , Arredondo Lezama Liz Marivel
Published: July 2022

En este artículo se presenta una revisión del estado de arte de los sistemas fotovoltaicos (SFV) instalados en las zonas rurales de Perú y Bolivia. En base a ello se ha realizado un meta análisis histórico de los programas de electrificación con SFV, la parte normativa, el estado situacional y una perspectiva a futuro, hasta elevar una propuesta económica para la implementación de un SFV en una vivienda rural. Consideramos que hoy en día es viable y sustentable un proyecto de electrificación rural con SFV donde la intervención del Estado como ente promotor y garante entre las empresas suministradoras y financieras, permitirían que el usuario final el poblador de una comunidad rural mejore su calidad de vida.
Rendimiento energético de un sistema fotovoltaico autónomo con seguidor solar bajo las condiciones climáticas de Chachapoyas
Authors: López Mas Mariños , Oliva-Cruz Manuel , Gosgot Angeles Wildor , Espinoza Canaza Fernando Isaac
Published: July 2022

La energía del sol es la más abundante, sostenible, renovable y libre de costo. Las celdas solares fotovoltaicas convierten la luz del sol directamente en electricidad por efecto fotoeléctrico. Para captar la radiación solar se utilizan paneles solares, estos pueden ser fijos o acoplados sobre seguidores solares, teniendo en cuenta que la potencia y orientación de la radiación solar varía según los factores y condiciones climáticas del lugar. Se diseñó y construyó un sistema de seguimiento solar que con la adhesión de un sensor solar es fácil de seguir la trayectoria del sol, donde se logra incrementar su eficiencia en la captación de energía solar. Por lo que, al acoplar un prototipo de seguidor al panel solar a un panel solar de 275 Wp, la energía generada en un día con irradiancia mayor al 4 kWh/m2 genera en un rango de 01 a 1.65 kW día, siendo mayor al sistema fotovoltaico estático. Se evaluó la eficiencia del sistema fotovoltaico con seguidor solar y estático en términos energéticos, y se compararon los resultados tomando como grupo control al sistema estático. La energía generada fue de 61.67% más respecto al sistema fotovoltaico fijo, con 1.5% de gasto energético para el funcionamiento. Por lo que el sistema con seguimiento solar es más eficiente en rendimiento energético.
Efecto del tratamiento térmico en la aceptabilidad del néctar mixto de tuna (Opuntia ficus-indica) con aguaymanto (Physalis peruviana L.)
Authors: Barboza-Mejía Marcos J , Velásquez-Barreto Frank F , Velásquez-Barreto Frank F
Published: July 2022

La investigación evaluó el efecto del tratamiento térmico en la aceptabilidad del néctar mixto de tuna con aguaymanto.  Las frutas fueron seleccionadas sin daños físicos ni magulladuras. Se utilizó un diseño factorial 3k con dos factores (32 = 9 tratamientos). El factor A fue la temperatura de pasteurización de (75, 80 y 85 °C) y el factor B fue el tiempo de pasteurización de (10, 15 y 20 min). Estos tratamientos fueron sometidos a evaluación sensorial con 80 panelistas no entrenados, que evaluaron los atributos de olor, color, sabor y consistencia. A partir de los datos cualitativos, se aplicó la prueba no paramétrica de Friedman para verificar el efecto del tratamiento térmico en los atributos sensoriales. Los frutos de tuna presentaron valores de pH de 5.2; sólidos solubles de 13.1 °Brix y acidez de 0.085 % y los frutos de aguaymanto presentaron valores de pH de 3.6; sólidos solubles de 14.1 °Brix y acidez de 1.49 %. El tratamiento térmico presentó un efecto significativo sobre las características sensoriales del néctar mixto de tuna con aguaymanto (p<0.05). El T8 (85 °C x 15 min) presentó mayores valores de olor (7.90), color (7.58), sabor (7.68) y consistencia (7.55).
Caracterización morfológica, parámetros productivos y características textiles en llamas (Lama glama) K’ara en Huancavelica
Authors: Condor Jolwin Rudy , Paucar Ysai , Paucar Rufino
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar las características morfológicas, parámetros productivos y características textiles en llamas (Lama glama) K’ara. Se trabajó con 292 llamas de unidades productivas de la región Huancavelica. Las características morfológicas (altura a la cruz, AC; altura a la grupa, AG; prerímetro torácico, PT; perímetro abdominal, PA; longitud de cuello, NL; longitud de cuerpo, BL) se obtuvieron con un bastón zoométrico, el peso vivo - PV se midió con una balanza digital colgante y las características de la fibra (diámetro de fibra, DF; coeficiente de variación del diámetro de fibra, CVDF; índice de curvatura, IC; longitud de mecha, LM; factor de confort, FC) se estudiaron en muestras de fibra que fueron analizados con el equipo OFDA-2000 (Optical Fibre Diameter Analyser). Para el análisis de los datos, se tuvo en cuenta el sexo y edad como factores en un diseño factorial. Los resultados muestran que el sexo no afecta de manera significativa a la AC, AG, PT y BL; pero el PA y la NL fueron superiores en llamas hembras; la edad muestra efectos significativos sobre todas las características morfológicas. En cuanto a los parámetros productivos, tanto el PV y el DF, no mostraron diferencias significativas por sexo; en cambio, la edad afectó significativamente todos los parámetros proructivos. Las medidas de las características textiles no fueron influeciados por el sexo. Por otro lado, la edad solo afectó significativamente al IC y FC. Estos hallazgos evidencian la influencia de la edad y el sexo sobre algunas características morfológicas, parámetros productivos y características textiles. Esta variación podría ser utilizada como referencia en futuros programas de mejoramiento genético.
Estimación experimental y teórica de la temperatura inicial de congelación del loche (Cucurbita moschata duch.), la mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum r&p.) y el yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius p&e.) con diferentes contenidos de agua
Authors: Ortiz Lucerito
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar por métodos experimentales y teóricos la temperatura inicial de congelación (T1) del loche, la mashua y el yacón con diferentes contenidos de agua. Se trabajó con un colector de datos, un túnel de congelación, termocuplas y un ordenador personal. Las materias primas fueron acondicionadas, escaldadas y congeladas, registrándose la temperatura por cada segundo. La temperatura inicial de congelación se determinó utilizando el perfil de tiempo y temperatura para cada muestra, finalmente los resultados experimentales fueron comparados con cuatro modelos matemáticos y se eligieron los que tuvieron mayor ajuste con los resultados. El mayor contenido en sólidos solubles, acidez y pH lo obtuvo el loche, seguido la mashua y el yacón. El mayor contenido de proteína, fibra, cenizas y carbohidratos lo obtuvo el loche, el yacón obtuvo el mayor contenido de grasas.
Uso de gallinaza y de un complejo enzimático en los parámetros productivos y evaluación económica de cuyes raza Perú (Cavia porcellus L.)
Authors: Sopla-Lápiz Henry , Zamora José , Bernal Wilmer
Published: July 2022

El objetivo principal fue evaluar el efecto de la gallinaza (GZ) y de un complejo enzimático (CE) en los parámetros productivos, análisis sensorial y evaluación económica en 40 cuyes machos de la raza Perú (Cavia porcellus L.) en etapa de recría. Durante 8 semanas, se distribuyeron de manera aleatoria en cinco tratamientos: tratamiento control positivo (T1; sin GZ, sin CE), tratamiento control negativo (T2; sin GZ, con CE), tratamiento con 6% GZ + CE (T3), tratamiento con 12% GZ + CE (T4), tratamiento con 18% GZ + CE (T5).  Los resultados de la composición química demostraron mejoras en la densidad nutricional de las dietas con el uso de GZ + CE versus sin CE. No se encontró diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos para los parámetros productivos como ganancia de peso, conversión alimenticia y rendimiento de carcasa (P>0.05). Se determinó que el T5 (18% gallinaza) obtuvo un mayor beneficio económico (118.65%) comparado con el testigo. La GZ + CE puede ser usado en niveles de 18% sin alterar los parámetros productivos, mejorando las ganancias, pero con respuestas que aún faltan contrastar relacionadas con baja apariencia, olor y poco sabor debido al número reducido de animales usados en el presente experimento.
Degradation of pollution due to Rhodamine B dye by novel rGO/TiO2/PE hydrogel composite –catalyzed photo-Fenton Process
Authors: Ahmed Yehya M. , Kamoona Suhair
Published: July 2022

Organic pollutants are present in industrial wastewater treatment procedures and heavy metal ion removal is hard. Photo Fenton reaction activity was employed in this study to decompose the organic pollutants using a functional composite hydrogel. TiO2 nanoparticles, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and polyeugenol (PE) make up the hydrogel composite. It is made from rGO/TiO2 and is made using the precipitation technique. rGO is made from graphite using the Hummers process and it has remarkable mechanical strength and Photo-Fenton activity as a result of various breakdown data that were influenced differently such as pH, H2O2 concentration, dye concentration, temperature and irradiation duration. The morphology of the composite and the average diameter were studied by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The degradation of Rhodmaine B (RB) dye by rGO/TiO2/PE hydrogel composite reached 100% after 60 min under UV irradiation. This research proposes a new method for processing high-consistency industrial wastewater which was difficult to degrade.
PECULIARITYS OF THE USE OF FLUE GAS RECIRCULATION FOR BOILERS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM CAPACITY
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Fialko Nataliia , Navrodska Raisa ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Shevchuk Svitlana ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Presich Georgii ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Gnedash Georgii ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: July 2022

The problems of using the method of flue gas recirculation into the combustion air for small-capacity boilers that are not equipped with air- heaters are described. An analysis of the thermal-humidity state of the gas-air mixture in different modes of a water-heating boiler with a heat output of 2 MW was carried out. The reasons for limiting the application of this method are determined and ways to solve problems are indicated.
ADAPTATION OF THE ORGANIZATION’S PERSONNEL TO WORK IN MARTIAL LAW CONDITIONS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lyubomudrova Nadiya , Hoichuk Vasyl ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: July 2022

This article is devoted to the study of the specifics of personnel management and its adaptation to the conditions of martial law. The author revealed general concepts related to personnel management, defined the objects and subjects of personnel management. It has been established that an enterprise that wants to act aggressively in a competitive environment, implement new technologies, have high-quality products and an adaptive internal structure in all its management systems, now also depends on the development of human capital. Thanks to this, with the help of analysis, not only strategies, organizational structure, various planning and control procedures, but also management style, appropriateness of employee qualifications, their daily behavior and reaction to innovations and changes should be constantly improved. This is the essence of this problem. The specifics of the regulatory and legal regulation of personnel management in the conditions of martial law are determined. The procedure for transferring an employee to remote work and the specifics of enterprise management in the event of enterprise downtime are described. Changes in the economy carried out in Ukraine associated with the introduction of martial law significantly changed the status of the organization - the main link of the national economy. The peculiarities of the Law of Ukraine "On the Organization of Labor Relations in the Conditions of Martial Law" are defined. It is substantiated that in the conditions of martial law, the market places the organization in fundamentally new relations with state organizations, production and other partners and employees. New economic and legal regulations are being established. Increased fulfillment of staff requirements: systematic updating of knowledge and promotion to a new quality level, professional competence, culture of communication, creative activity, use of the latest technologies as a basis for innovation, implementation and growth; timely response to alarms.
FORMATION OF PERSONNEL RESERVE IN ORGANIZATIONS UNDER CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lyubomudrova Nadiya , Dreichuk Mykhailo ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: July 2022

The article provides a study of the main goals and methods of forming the personnel reserve in conditions of uncertainty. The study is based on the importance of quick response to emerging needs regarding the formation of a reserve, evaluation of candidates from the reserve and closing of vacant positions by relevant specialists. The main tasks, goals and stages of the formation of the personnel reserve are defined. Basic and modern evaluation methods are described, which will help to conduct the process of evaluating candidates in conditions of uncertainty much more efficiently.
GEOGRAPHY OF CARNIVAL TOURISM IN AMERICA
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lushchyk Mariya , Hutsalo Diana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: July 2022

Carnival tourism has become a phenomenon of the XXI century. From an occupation available to a narrow circle of people at the beginning of the century, it has become a mass hobby for millions of people on our planet due to the fact that the desire to travel is combined with the availability of tourist destinations and improving the financial situation of travelers. The emergence and development in the international market of tourist services of such a type of tourism as carnival tourism, led to an increase in consumer demand for this fairly new direction in this area. However, the study of carnivals is still at an early stage of development and needs to be studied in more detail by tour operators. Currently, the question of analyzing its problems and prospects for development is relevant, because such an approach will help raise the economic level of countries, the development of domestic tourism and the growth of tourist flows. That is why the purpose of the article is to study the potential for the development of carnival tourism in America. The realization of this goal is carried out by solving the following tasks: to consider the theoretical aspects of the research of carnival tourism; to analyze the peculiarities of carnivals in different countries of North, South, Latin America and the Caribbean; describe trends in the development of American carnival tourism; describe the types of diversity of America's carnivals; to assess the prospects for the development of carnival tourism in the region. The history of the emergence and further development of the American carnival as a tourist product is analyzed. The characterization of the development of carnival tourism in the American region is carried out, in particular, the most famous carnivals are described - the New Orleans carnival, the Brazilian carnival in Rio de Janeiro, the carnival in Trinidad and Tobago. The resource potential was studied and a comprehensive analysis of the species diversity of carnival tourism was carried out. An assessment of the prospects for the development of carnival tourism in America was carried out, the problems of the development of this type of tourism were substantiated, and the ways to solve them were given.
ACCOUNTING OF FIXED ASSETS WITH THE HELP OF THE BAS SOFTWARE PRODUCT
Authors:   National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, Zakrevska Olena
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Digitization of society deeply penetrates all aspects of the enterprise's economic activity, including accounting. It is difficult to work with large data sets, in particular with accounting and reporting information in the part of accounting of fixed assets, without automating the game process. Today, when the most common accounting software product 1C left its place, other Ukrainian developers of the software market began to claim. At the same time, mastering new software requires a little skill on the part of its users, although everything new requires detailed study and appropriate settings during its use. Such a software product can be "BAS Accounting" (hereinafter - BAS) from the developer of Business automation software. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to provide practical recommendations on the accounting of operations with fixed assets in the BAS software product. Results. In the course of the conducted research, we came to the conclusion that the BAS software product allows you to automate all the components of fixed asset accounting (from initial accounting to the display of fixed assets in reporting). The above-mentioned software product makes it possible to adapt the proper accounting of the company's fixed assets, and therefore can be recommended for use by all business entities that have all types of company's fixed assets on the balance sheet. Developed recommendations for the display of individual operations in accounting with the company's fixed assets allow BAS software users to quickly master and apply in practice. Discussion. In further research, it is proposed to focus attention on the documentation of operations with the company's fixed assets, namely to develop standard forms for some operations with such accounting objects.