bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Present Status of Treatment for Invasive Cervical Carcinoma
Authors: Volterrani Fabio , Prosperini Giampiero , Sigurtà Davide , Vona Stefania , Musumeci Renato , Milani Angelo , Luciani Luciano
Published: April 2018

The results are presented of a retrospective clinical study carried out on 341 patients affected with cancer of the uterine cervix, with lymphography in the pretreatment diagnostic work-up, treated in our Institute from January 1961 to December 1976. The clinical classification of the patients studied was: 157 cases in Stage I (46.0%), 95 cases in Stage II (27.9%), and 89 cases in Stages III and IV (26.1%). During the period considered, the therapeutic approach for carcinoma of the cervix was practically constant and in line with the therapeutic policy most frequently followed for these neoplasms. For the early stages (9/341 patients or 27.6%) preference was given to a radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy combination; for borderline cases and « bulky » and « barrel-shaped » lesions, radiotherapy usually preceded surgical treatment to enlarge its indications and improve its results (36/341 patients or 10.5%). The cases that were more developed locally or that presented contraindications to surgery received radiological treatment alone (211/341 patients or 61.9%). Radiotherapy treatment consisted of radium therapy performed with a single application of 226Ra conventional sources, followed by percutaneous irradiation with 60Co-teletherapy in the more developed cases and/or in the presence of lymph node metastases. All the patients were submitted to diagnostic lymphography at the onset of the treatment and 92 (26.9%) had lymph node metastases. In the framework of this clinical review, the 5-year disease-free survival from onset of the treatment varied from 88.2% for the cases at Stage Ib occult, 72.5% for the cases at Stage Ib, 63.8% for the Stage II cases, to 40.5% for the cases at Stages III and IV. The presence of a pathologic report at lymphography makes a considerable difference in terms of disease-free, long-term survival after treatment.
Comparison of the Natural Humoral Antitumor Reactivity of Different Strains of Mice
Authors: Ménard Sylvie , Colnaghi Maria I. , Porta Giuseppe Della
Published: April 2018

Normal serum from C3Hf mice showed a complement-dependent cytotoxic reactivity against EL4 lymphoma cells, starting from 2 to 3 months of age, whereas normal serum from BALB/c and C57BL/6J mice became reactive only at a later age. The cytotoxins of normal sera of the 3 strains, as well as of a C57BL antiembryo antiserum studied in parallel, belong to the IgM class. When absorption tests were performed, using a variety of absorbing cells, marked differences were found among the sera, which according to their behavior could be divided in two groups: one group comprises the BALB/c and the C57BL sera, the other group the C3Hf serum from both young and old mice and the antiembryo antiserum. The reactivity of the 3 latter sera seems to be directed against specificities related to an ecotropic N-tropic virus, which on the contrary did not seem to be involved in the reactivity of BALB/c and C57BL sera. The C57BL antiembryo antiserum obtained by immunization with C3Hf embryos behaved differently from the C57BL normal serum and similarly to the C3Hf normal serum.
Thymidine Phosphorylase: A Possible Marker of Cell Maturation in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
Authors: Palú Giorgio
Published: April 2018

Thymidine Phosphorylase activity has been measured in two populations of human Acute Myeloid Leukaemia cells (AML) and in normal human macrophages. During short-term culture in vitro of AML cells the activity of this enzyme increases progressively and approaches that of normal non-dividing macrophages at a time when the leukaemia cells in culture show evidence of maturation as assayed by functional, enzymatic and morphological criteria. It is suggested that the level of Thymidine Phosphorylase activity may be a marker of maturation in AML.
Oncologic Out-Patient Clinic in a General Hospital.
Authors: Galligioni Enzo , Veronesi Andrea , Trovò Mauro Gaetano , Tirelli Umberto , Magri Maria Donatella , Talamini Renato , Tumolo Salvatore , Grigoletto Eligio
Published: April 2018

From January 1975 to June 1979 3,007 new patients have been followed in the Out-patient Clinic of the Division of Radiotherapy and Medical Oncology of the Ospedale Civile, Fordenone. A progressive increase in the number of patients and the validity of follow-up care has been demonstrated. Patients still encounter considerable logistic difficulties, which could be reduced by programming diagnostic procedures the same day of therapy. The organization of a drug service in the Out-patient Clinic, a more active collaboration with the sanitary units working outside the Hospital, and an adequate psychological assistance could solve many of the problems which are superimposed on the direct effects of the disease.
N-Nitroso Compound Precursors and Gastric Cancer: Preliminary Data of a Study on a Group of Farm Workers
Authors: Amadori Dino , Ravaioli Alberto , Gardini Aligi , Liverani Marilena , Zoli Wainer , Tonelli Bruno , Ridolfi Ruggero , Gentilini Patrizia
Published: April 2018

An epidemiological research on gastric cancer mortality rates carried out in the town of Forlì is reported. The results are significant as regards the relation between the urban and rural areas, and show a higher risk for gastric cancer in the rural area. Salivary nitrite measurement in 92 farm workers showed particularly high values (over 30 ppm in 4 individuals). Analysis of histological findings in biopsies performed during endoscopy in 46 persons of the group studied showed a great number of CAG and CAG + IM in asymptomatic individuals.
In Vitro Formation of Eosinophil-Like Colonies by Lymph Node Cells from a Human Lymphoma
Authors: Ruco Luigi P. , Uccini Stefania , Rigato Patrizia , Baroni Carlo D.
Published: April 2018

In vitro culturing of lymph node cells from a human non-Hodgkin lymphoma gave rise to several colonies of eosinophil-like cells. Eosinophil colonies originated from cells that during the first week of culture had a fibroblast appearance and were adherent to plastic. The tissue culture was sacrificed after 14 days. At that time each colony was formed by 20–50 cells with intracytoplasmic peroxidase-positive and eosinophilic granules. Cells comprising the colonies exhibited different degrees of differentiation. Some of the cells (26.6 %) were mature eosinophils, the majority (66.8 %) resembled eosinophil myelocytes, and some others (4.6 %) had a fibroblast appearance. One or two multinucleated giant cells were often present in the center of most of the colonies. These cells contained up to 10 nuclei, which were arranged in a «ring form» or centrally located; giant cells with a single, central, large, multilobed nucleus were also observed. Cells belonging to other myelopoietic lines could not be identified in the tissue culture. Histological examination of the lymph node revealed extensive presence of eosinophils at various degrees of maturation but absence of other myelopoietic lines.
Reflections on a Cytology Screening Service
Authors: Andrews Geoffrey S. , Davies Margaret
Published: April 2018

A review of the results of the examination of gynaecological material undertaken during one year by an established cytology laboratory taking part in the Population Screening Service for Carcinoma of the Cervix in the United Kingdom is presented. The overall positive rate was 5/1,000 and for first examinations was 9.4/1,000. Only a relatively small proportion of the female population was screened but this included a wider spread over the social classes and a greater number of younger women, in whom the disease is becoming more common. In view of the failure to involve all women in a comprehensive screening programme, it is considered advisable to concentrate on those women who are particularly at risk and to take advantage of their attending family planning, ante-natal and venereal disease clinics where cervical smears can be taken, even if they are below the age of 35 years at which the screening programme usually starts. Training in cytology for doctors and nurses working in the clinics is essential and the availability of a special cytology clinic to assist in the diagnosis of difficult cases is very valuable.
Prognostic Significance of the Cyto-Histological Classification of Infiltrating Cervical Epidermoid Carcinoma
Authors: Palma Paolo Dalla , Pagnini Carla Arslan , de Laurentiis Giuseppe
Published: April 2018

One hundred-fifty-five cervical carcinomas were classified according to the Wentz and Reagan (21) cyto-histological system, and correlated to 5 year survival rates. This classification subdivides epidermoid carcinomas into three sub-groups: keratinizing carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma. No significant differences between one group and another were observed. The importance of the type of therapy in conditioning the significance of this classification system is discussed.
Growth Rate of Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Quantitative Study of 44 Local Recurrences
Authors: Galante Emanuele , Milani Angelo , Attili Angelo
Published: April 2018

Local recurrences of soft tissue sarcomas in 44 patients were studied to quantify their growth rate. The geometric mean of the doubling time of 32 cases previously treated with surgery only (14.8 days) was similar to that of 10 cases treated with surgery plus radiotherapy (14.1 days), and was less than that of most malignant human tumors. There was no significant difference in doubling times of first and successive recurrences. From the study it appears that the site of the primary and the age of the patient may affect the behavior of the tumor.
The Bronchopulmonary Carcinoma: Influence of Type of Resection on Long Term Survival.
Authors: Modini Claudio , Iascone Clemente , Cicconetti Franco , Zerilli Massimo , Stipa Sergio
Published: April 2018

A statistical comparison between survival and type of resection: Lobectomy and pneumonectomy was made out of 108 patients who had undergone curative resection for lung cancer (with a minimum 3 years follow-up). Analysis was first made on the whole series, then the patients were classified according to histological type (W-PL) or staging (TNM) and finally stratified in 2 control levels (stage and histological type). There was a better prognosis for lobectomy than for pneumonectomy, referring to a single subgroup, but not in a statistically significant way. There was a better prognosis for patients who had been operated for lobectomy S (2) 2 LOB with a 36 months survival for 85 %. There were better results for squamous cell carcinoma stage I and II S(2) 1 PNE, for those patients who had been operated for pneumonectomy with a median survival of 32 months and over 3 years survival for 41.7 %.
Effect of Supportive Intravenous Hyperalimentation on the Nutritional Status of Cancer Patients
Authors: Bozzetti Federico , Terno Giovanni , Baticci Fabio , Bonalumi Maria Grazia , Scotti Adriana , Ammatuna Mario , Migliavacca Silvana , Emanuelli Hermes
Published: April 2018

The effect of intravenous hyperalimentation on the nutritional status of 84 cancer patients treated at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, has been evaluated. The body weight increased in 78 % of patients, mid upper arm circumference in 93 %, triceps skinfold in 73 %, mid upper arm-muscle circumference in 73 %, creatinine/height index in 30 %, serum albumin in 32 %, transferrin in 35 %, total peripheral lymphocytes in 38 %. Lymphocyte blastogenesis increased in 74 % of the patients examined and skin tests were converted from negative to positive in about 20 % of patients. In addition 8 out of 18 patients responsive to IVH benefited from chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy indicating that the nutritional repletion of the host did not significantly affect the growth of the tumor. These findings support the opinion that neoplastic cachexia may depend partially on malnutrition and can be often reversed by IVH. Moreover, IVH might have an adjunctive role as potentiator of chemotherapy which however must be confirmed by clinical trials.
Cardiotoxicity Induced by 5-Fluorouracil. A Case Report.
Authors: Manente Paolo , Buchberger Riccardo , Valmachino Guido , Fioretti Daniele , Giudice Cristoforo Lo , Gasparoni Pietro , Conte Nicola
Published: April 2018

A case of ischemic cardiopathy which was observed after 5-fluorouracil administration for a carcinoma of the small intestine is described.
Erythrocytosis Associated with Thyroid Tumor
Authors: Dallera Francesco , Gamoletti Roberto
Published: April 2018

A patient with erytharocytosis is described. No other evidence exists for polycythaemia vera or a known cause of secondary erythrocytosis in this patient, and management with phlebotomy resulted in temporary normalization of hematologic parameters. Subsequently a cold thyroid nodule was found which was then surgically removed and turned out to be a papillary carcinoma ( 2 cm) at histologic evaluation. Following thyroidectomy hematologic remission was observed which is still maintained 15 months after surgery. It seems to be the first reported case of erythrocytosis associated with thyroid tumor.
Simultaneous Plasma Determination of CEA, HCG-Beta and Beta-2-Microglobulin in Patients with Nontrophoblastic Tumors
Authors: Ruibal Alvaro , Gultresa Juan
Published: April 2018

With the object of studying the possible usefulness of the simultaneous plasma determination of CEA, HCG-beta and beta 2-microglobulin in patients with nontrophoblastic tumors, we measured by radioimmonoassay the concentrations of these substances in 77 patients with normal renal function. In the group without metastases (32 cases), the percentages of positivities were low and similar for the 3 tumor markers. In the group with metastases (45 cases), the χ2 test of independence between each of the 2 markers at a level of 95 % showed a relationship between the results obtained in the determination of HCG-beta and beta 2-microglobulin, as well as an independence between CEA and HCG-beta results and CEA and beta 2-microglobulin results. These data suggest the utility of determining CEA with only 1 of the other 2 antigens in disseminated tumors.
Immunologic Reactivity in Patients Bearing Solid Tumors
Authors: Menconi Emma , Barzi Anna , Greco Massimo
Published: April 2018

The immune reactivity of 50 patients with solid tumors before therapeutic treatment and 26 healthy controls was assessed by both in vitro and in vivo tests. No significant differences between controls and patients were found in peripheral lymphocyte counts or in delayed hypersensitivity to recall antigens. However, impairment of lymphocyte stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and a decrease in the number of E-rosette forming cells (E-RFC) were detected in cancer-bearing patients irrespective of tumor type. The results of the present study further confirm the usefulness of the PHA and E-RFC tests in monitoring the immune competence of cancer patients.
Tamoxifen Efficacy in Advanced Breast Cancer Previously Treated with Endocrine and Cytotoxic Therapy
Authors: De Lena Mario , Brambilla Cristina , Jirillo Antonio
Published: April 2018

Sixty-nine postmenopausal women with disseminated breast cancer previously treated with endocrine and cytotoxic therapy were treated with tamoxifen (20 mg/day). Complete plus partial response (CR + PR) was observed in 29% (CR 16%) and stable disease in 28%. The objective response was higher in soft tissue sites (52%) compared to osseous (12 %) and visceral (13 %) disease. No regression or disease stabilization was observed in the presence of liver involvement. Free-interval, length and type of menopause, and estrogen receptor status (carried out in only 26 patients) did not statistically influence the percent of objective response. Only 1 of 16 paients (6 %) who did not respond to previous endocrine therapy responded to tamoxifen, while 3 of 9 previous hormonal responders (33 %) achieved objective regression with antiestrogen therapy. On the contrary, the response to previous chemotherapy failed to influence the subsequent response to tamoxifen. The median duration of the response was more than 12 months and the median survival more than 18 months. Treatment was generally very well tolerated and in only one patient was temporarily discontinued because of thrombocytopenia.
Stage I Melanoma of the Limbs. Immediate versus Delayed Node Dissection
Authors: Veronesi U. , Adamus J. , Bandiera D.C. , Brennhovd I.O. , Caceres E. , Cascinelli N. , Claudio F. , Ikonopisov R.L. , Javorskj V.V. , Kirov S. , Kulakowski A. , Lacour J. , Lejeune F. , Mechl Z. , Morabito A. , Rode I. , Sergeev S. , van Slooten E. , Szczygiel K. , Trapeznikov N.N. , Wagner R.I.
Published: April 2018

553 patients with stage I malignant melanoma of the limbs entered a prospective randomized clinical trial carried out by the W.H.O. Collaborating Centres for Evaluation of Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment of Melanoma from September 1967 to January 1974. 286 patients were submitted to wide excision of primary and node dissection at the time as appearance of regional lymph node metastases and 267 to wide excision and immediate node dissection. Survival was identical in the 2 groups. Different subsets of patients were evaluated to assess whether some groups of patients may benefit from immediate node dissection. As regards sex, females and a significantly higher survival rate than males (p < 0.05), but results were not improved by immediate node dissection. Maximum diameter and elevation of primary melanoma were significantly related to survival but also in these cases immediate node dissection did not achieve better results. 63 patients had an excisional biopsy of their melanoma within 4 weeks before final treatment. This procedure did not worsen survival and also in this case immediate node dissection did not improve survival. 273 cases were classified according to histologic type: survival of superficial spreading and nodular melanoma was not different at a statistically significant level after the 2 treatment modalities. 325 cases were considered classifiable according to Clark's levels, out of these 165 were submitted to immediate node dissection. Neither level III nor level IV cases showed higher survival rate after immediate node dissection. Maximum tumor thickness according to Breslow was evaluated in 338 cases: 188 were submitted to wide excision and immediate node dissection. In no clusters of thickness did the enlarged surgical procedure achieve better results. The authors conclude that there is good evidence that in stage I melanoma of the extremities delayed dissection is as effective as the immediate one in the control of the disease if the patient can be kept under strict clinical control. Immediate node dissection is advisable if the quarterly follow-up is not guaranteed, at least for melanomas thicker than 2 mm.
Metastasizing Meningeal Melanocytoma
Authors: Ferracini Romano , Gardini Giorgio , Brisigotti Massimo , Lanzanova Giuseppe , Manetto Valeria , Lorenzini Paolo
Published: April 2018

The first case in the literature of a metastasizing meningeal melanocytoma is described. The tumor, which arose at the D9-D11 spinal cord level of a 46-year-old woman, metastasized 7 years later to the latero-suprasellar region.
Subgross Physiopathology of the Breast Associated with Clinical Cancer
Authors: Sarnelli Roberta , Sabò Claudio , Squartini Francesco
Published: April 2018

Fifty human breasts removed for cancer by radical mastectomy were submitted to subgross analysis of the glandular tree as a whole, stained thin sections (2 mm) under a dissection microscope, followed by histologic study of the lesions found. The glandular tree was more often atrophic (70%) than hyperplastic (30%). The frequencies of physiopathologic changes were as follows: ductal papilloma (4%), ductal hyperplasia (6%), fibroadenoma (16%), sclerosing adenosis (24%), cysts (28%), apocrine cysts (18%), cystic ducts (40%), blind terminal ducts (60%), atrophic lobules (88%), sclerotic lobules (34%), hyperplastic lobules (28 %), cystic lobules (52%), persistent lobules in otherwise atrophic breasts (30%), lobules with apocrine metaplasia (30%), atypical lobules with proliferative changes (38 %), and independent foci of microscopic cancer (20%). The data indicate: 1) a frequent lack of correlation between ovarian function (menstrual cycles, menopause) and type of mammary glandular tree (hyperplastic, atrophic); 2) a rarity of ductal lesions compared with the frequency of lobular lesions; 3) a ubiquitous distribution of the lesions either near or far from clinical cancer; 4) a significant association of atypical lobules with lobular sclerosis (p < 0.001) and apocrine metaplasia (p < 0.05). The frequency and ubiquity of lobular changes suggest further investigation among them to search for suitable candidates as preneoplastic or predictive lesions.
Postoperative Infections and Variations of Complement Components in Cancer Patients
Authors: Dominioni Lorenzo , Dionigi Renzo , Campani Massimiliano
Published: April 2018

Sequential determinations of C4 and factor B serum levels were performed pre- and postoperatively in 56 cancer patients. Patients who underwent radical mastectomy and excision of melanoma had an incidence of surgical infections of 7 % and 15 %, respectively, and showed a significant postoperative acute-phase increase of C4 and factor B serum levels. A higher incidence of postoperative infections, mostly Gram negative, was recorded in patients who underwent gastric resection (35%) and colorectal resection (73%); these failed to show an early acute-phase response of complement postoperatively. The results of this study confirm the high susceptibility of cancer patients to postoperative infections. Moreover, the lack of postoperative acute-phase increase of C4 and factor B observed in cancer patients who developed postoperative infections suggests an active role of complement in host defense mechanisms against surgical infections.
Tamoxifen Treatment for Advanced Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: Ferrazzi Eros , Salvagno Luigi , Fornasiero Adriano , Cartei Giuseppe , Fiorentino Mario
Published: April 2018

Twelve patients with metastatic clear cell renal cancer received a course of tamoxifen. Three showed stable disease for a period from 2 to 12 months and 1 a mixed response for a short time. It does not appear that tamoxifen may be a useful agent in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Bleomycin Infusions Combined with Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Inoperable Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Kolarić Krsto , Maričić Željko , Roth Anton , Dujmović Ivo
Published: April 2018

A combination of bleomycin, in a 12 h infusion, and radiotherapy was applied in 25 patients with untreated inoperable esophageal cancer. Bleomycin was administered 15 mg/m2 twice weekly, concurrently with irradiation (total dose 3600–4000 rad). Such combined treatment produced 3 complete remissions of the esophageal tumor, 10 partial remissions (response rate 52 % - 13/25), 3 stable disease cases, while in 9 cases the disease progressed in spite of therapy. The median duration of remissions was 8.7 months in complete responders, 6.0 months in partial responders, and 3.0 months in stable disease cases. Similarly, median survival was the longest in complete remission cases (10.3 months). Patients who did not respond to therapy had a median survival of only 2.8 months. Adverse treatment reactions were of a milder character, except retrosternal pain and burning caused by irradiation mucositis, which occurred in 80 % of patients. The trial showed that the combination of bleomycin applied in the form of 12 h infusion and irradiation can produce remissions in 50 % of inoperable esophageal cancer cases, i.e., a rate of remission which is similar to that achieved by irradiation and bleomycin applied in the form of rapid (push) i.v. injections.
Cardiotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil
Authors: Gamucci Teresa , Zampa Germano
Published: April 2018

A case is reported of cardiotoxicity during a multiple drug treatment with fluorouracil, vincristine and CCNU in a patient with a large bowel cancer without any precedent history of heart disease. The patient had chest pain, with an altered ECG and increased serum levels of αHBDH.
Benign Smooth Muscle Cell Metaplasia in Breast
Authors: Eusebi Vincenzo , Cunsolo Antonio , Fedeli Franco , Severi Bruno , Scarani Paolo
Published: April 2018

Three different benign breast lesions showing smooth muscle cells in the stroma are reported. Benign smooth muscle cells are rarely found in the breast, and it is likely that they originate from metaplastic changes of the stroma itself.
Myxoma of Oral Soft Tissue
Authors: Campos Geraldo Maia , Grandini Sylvestre Arnaldo , Lopes Ruberval A.
Published: April 2018

The clinical and histopathologic characteristics of oral soft tissue myxoma are reviewed. A case of soft tissue myxoma of the alveolar ridge is presented, and the diagnosis is discussed.
Cell Proliferation Kinetics of the Intramuscularly Implanted Lewis Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Badaracco Gianna , Greco Claudia , Starace Giuseppe
Published: April 2018

The growth kinetics of the Lewis lung carcinoma tumor was studied. The main proliferative parameters of an early stage of the growth (8th day after tumor implantation) were derived from the analysis of the growth curve and the fraction of labeled mitoses (FLM curve). The occurrence of proliferative changes due to the transplantation was confirmed. The main variations observed concern a shortening of the cell cycle time, a prolongation of the S phase duration and an increase in cell loss. A critical analysis of the results of this preliminary study is reported.
Lymphography in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas. Experiences from Three Institutions
Authors: Tallroth Kaj , Makai Francisco , Musumeci Renato
Published: April 2018

The case material was collected from 3 Institutions with a total of 411 patients: 217 with primary bone tumor and 224 with soft tissue sarcomas. In the majority of patients lymphography was performed during the initial diagnostic workup. The lymphograms were interpreted as negative or positive for metastases. In bone tumors, the incidence of metastases was 21 %, ranging from 28 % for osteosarcoma to 18 % for Ewing's sarcoma and 13 % for chondrosarcoma. In tumors of the soft tissue, the frequency was somewhat higher (28%), with special regard to rhabdomyosarcoma (53%), anaplastic sarcoma (67 %), neurogenic sarcoma (42%) and synovial sarcoma (35%). In the group of bone sarcomas, primary hematogenous spread was 3 times more frequent than lymphogenous spread, while in soft tissue sarcomas, with a higher incidence of lymphatic spread, this finding was inverted. In the more consistent tumor groups, the occurrence of lymphatic metastases indicated a significant worsening of the prognosis. In 96 patients, lymph node biopsies were performed and the radiologic histologic correlation gave evidence of a 91.7 % overall diagnostic accuracy.
Estrogen Receptors and MPA Treatment in Metastatic Renal Carcinoma. A Preliminary Report
Authors: Pizzocaro Giorgio , Valente Maurizio , Cataldo Ignazio , Vezzoni Paolo , Di Fronzo Giovanni
Published: April 2018

Ten previously untreated patients with metastatic renal carcinoma underwent transperitoneal radical nephrectomy followed by high dosage MPA treatment. Estrogen receptors were determined in the specimen of all cases by the dextran-coated charcoal method: both the neoplastic tissue and the healthy parenchyma were tested. The disease progressed in 8 cases, and 2 patients are alive without any evidence of progressive disease 12 and 27 months after the operation. Very low receptor levels were detected in these 2 cases and one of them could be defined as borderline with our threshold criterion. However, receptors were undetectable in the neoplastic tissue from 4 of 8 patients who progressed. These questionable results justified the start of a prospective multicentric trial to study in a large number of cases both hormone receptors and clinical response to hormone therapy in human renal cancer.
A New CMF Regimen
Authors: Demicheli Romano , Fossati Vittorio , Garusi G. Franco
Published: April 2018

In CMF regimen, gastric disturbances secondary to oral administration of cyclophosphamide (CTX) frequently induce many patients to take the drug erratically, to lower the daily dose, or to divide it in many administrations. These alterations act as a source of uncertainty in the evaluation of treatment results and may decrease the chemotherapy effectiveness. An i.v. CTX administration is proposed, and the rationale of such a proposal in examined. Data on the mild toxicity of the new schedule are reported.
Surgical Treatment of Recurrences following Sphincter-Saving Procedures for Cancer of the Rectum
Authors: Bozzetti Federico , Doci Roberto , Marolda Raffaele , Bonfanti Giuliano , Nava Maurizio , Gennari Leandro
Published: April 2018

Of 77 patients treated by sphincter-saving procedures (anterior or pull-through resection) for cancer of the rectum, 17 (22 %) developed a local recurrence; 10 of them were submitted to abdominoperineal resection. The « rescue » operation was technically difficult, and major problems, including large blood loss and uretheral complications, were often encountered. At operation the recurrent malignancy was more extended than preoperative diagnosis suggested, and reoperation was not macroscopically radical in one case. All patients but one died for the disease after a mean period of 19.8 months. Causes of local failure are analyzed to interpret the rationale of surgical approach related to the poor results observed; intensive follow-up programs are also discussed. It is concluded that surgical treatment of local recurrence after sphincter-saving procedures must be reserved only to selected patients, with limited malignancy, and adjuvant radiochemotherapy should also be employed.
Cell and Cell-Free Transplantation Experiments with a Mouse Reticulum Cell Sarcoma
Authors: Covelli Vincenzo , Di Majo Vincenzo , Bassani Bruno , Metalli Pietro , Silini Giovanni
Published: April 2018

Quantitative cellular assays of the transplantability of 19 spontaneous reticulum cell sarcomas (RCS) of the BC3F1 mouse were carried out by injecting serial dilutions of monodispersed cells into syngeneic hosts through the intravenous, intracranial and subcutaneous routes. A clear relationship was found between the size of the inoculum and the incidence of tumor takes by all routes, but even for inocula of 5 million cells only 13 tumors grew in one or more of the transplanted recipients. The intravenous route of injection was found to be the most effective, both in terms of the absolute number of tumor takes and the number of cells necessary to produce a given level of takes. The survival of the animals injected intravenously was related to the number of cells received in that earlier deaths occurred with the most concentrated cell suspensions. Attempts to transmit the tumor by cell-free extracts injected into newborn or 1-month-old syngeneic hosts failed to substantiate the possible presence of a specific leukemogenic agent.
DMBA is Ineffective in Inducing Breast Cancer in Feminized Male Holtzman Rats
Authors: Sarkar S. , Shah P. N.
Published: April 2018

Mammary tissue of male rats « feminized » by in utero treatment with cyproterone acetate, accrues the capacity to convert circulating androgens to estrogens at the mammary tissue level in adult life. DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis was studied in these feminized males to find out whether or not this altered steroid metabolism leading to heightened estrogenicity would increase mammary tumor yield when compared to that seen in normal males, where such conversion is significantly low. Results on the incidence of mammary tumors, tumor pathology and latency period of tumor appearance in these 2 groups, however, do not differ significantly. From observations on mammary morphology of these feminized males it appears that in vivo conversion of testosterone to estrogen probably is not total and that the available testosterone inhibits tumor induction.
Involvement of the Central Nervous System in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Cetto Gian Luigi , Iannucci Antonio , Tummarello Diego , Rizzuto Nicola , Sabbioni Renata , Menestrina Fabio
Published: April 2018

Fifteen of 146 (10 %) adult patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma showed clinical and pathologic evidence of involvement of the central nervous system (CNS); in 6 patients, the CNS lymphoma was present at the onset of disease, in 3 of them it was the only sign detected. In the remaining 9 cases, CNS involvement appeared during the course of systemic disease. In all cases symptoms related to infiltration of the CNS were associated with advanced disease (stage IV); bone marrow or bone involvement was found in 9 patients (60 %). The histologic subtypes were mostly of high-grade malignancy according to the Kiel classification: immunoblastic (3), centroblastic (3), Burkitt type (2), lymphoblastic (1), LP immunocytoma in polymorphic variant (3), unclassifiable (3). The prominent signs and symptoms of CNS lymphoma are listed: the cranial nerve palsies are the most common finding. The principal means of detecting CNS involvement are discussed: cerebrospinal fluid cytology, brain scan and CAT scan were the most useful diagnostic procedures. The reported data allow identification of patients at high risk of CNS lymphoma: this includes histologies of high-grade malignancy, advanced stage of disease, and bone marrow or bone infiltration. Therefore, either intensive systemic chemotherapy or CNS prophylaxis are recommended for patients with high risk of CNS disease.
Hodgkin's Disease Associated with Sarcoidosis: Case Report
Authors: Ponticelli Pietro , Arganini Luisa , Cionini Luca
Published: April 2018

Coexistence of true systemic sarcoidosis and Hodgkin's disease has been reported as a very exceptional occurrence. In this paper a case observed at the Institute of Radioloy of Florence is described of which the most interesting features were 1) sarcoidosis appeared 5 years earlier than Hodgkin's disease; 2) at staging lymphography the paraortic nodes appeared extensively enlarged and showed multiple filling defects; 3) at laparotomy the nodes removed were histologically affected by sarcoidosis only; 4) multiple foci of sarcoidosis were found also in the spleen and liver; 5) this feature led us to refrain from irradiating the abdomen; 6) one year later a further enlargement of paraortic nodes was observed; 7) a second laparotomy revealed Hodgkin's infiltration in the removed nodes; 8) irradiation of the inverted « y » field was followed by complete regression of the nodes and the patient is alive and well 2.5 years after the relapse.
Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis Secondary to BCNU Therapy
Authors: Bardella Daniele , Beccati Donatella , Cruciani Giorgio
Published: April 2018

A case of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis following BCNU adjuvant therapy in a 49-year old man is reported. The diagnosis was suggested by clinical and post-mortem pathological findings. From our and other experiences, there is some convincing evidence that use of BCNU can cause fatal interstitial pulmonary fibrosis.
Primary Neoplasm in Vesical Diverticulum: Comparison of Four Imaging Methods
Authors: Coto Vincenzo , Sava Marcella , Angelillo Michele , Carrillo Francesco , Coviello Giancarlo
Published: April 2018

In presenting the case of a 61-year-old man with a primary squamous carcinoma in a bladder diverticulum, the authors stress the usefulness of applying all the available modalities of imaging, since it has been found that a bladder diverticulum may harbor a neoplasm more often than a normal bladder.
Brunner's Gland Hamartoma with Incipient Ductal Malignancy. Report of a Case
Authors: Zanetti Gianfranco , Casadei Giampiero
Published: April 2018

A duodenal tumor mainly composed of Brunner's glands was surgically resected in a 54-year-old man complaining of hematemesis and melena. Histologic examination of the specimen revealed a lobular pattern of either ducts or glandular acini, with Paneth cells; smooth muscle fibers, fat tissue and well formed vascular channels were seen in the stroma. These aspects are more suggestive of a hamartomatous rather than an adenomatous lesion. Moreover, the epithelium in some ducts showed early malignant transformation, which is a feature never observed in previous reports.
Evaluation of Doxorubin Toxicity on Normal Hemopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Muzzulini Carlo , D'Amore Francesco , Sobrero Alberto , Massa Giulio , Bogliolo Giuseppe , Ghio Riccardo , Pannacciulli Ivo
Published: April 2018

The effect of administration of Doxorubicin (Dx) on the bone marrow CFUs, CFUe and CFUe has been evaluated in mice following injection of scalar single doses of the drug or during its repeated (3 times in 5 days) or prolonged (5 or 10 weeks) administration. In the first experiment the dose survival curves were exponential and the sensitivity of the 3 types of hemopoietic progenitors assayed was almost similar. During repeated or prolonged administration of Doxorubicin the CFUs appeared to be less affected by the drug than the committed progenitors.
Results of the Italian Interlaboratory Quality Control Program for Estradiol Receptor Assay
Authors: Fumero Silvano , Berruto Gian Paolo , Pelizzola Dario , Grilli Sandro , Buttazzi Carlo , Di Fronzo Giovanni , Ronchi Enrico , Bozzetti Cecilia , Mori Patrizia , Concolino Giuseppe , Marocchi Antonietta , Della Cuna Gioacchino Robustelli , Zibera Carlo , Cerrutti Giorgio , Ros Adriano , Piffanelli Adriano
Published: April 2018

This article presents results of the first Italian quality control program for determining the estradiol receptor on lypophilized guinea pig and calf uteri. Despite considerable variability in quantitative terms, the results concur in ability to define samples as positive or negative for receptor content. One of the parameters that most strongly influences accuracy of determination of receptor concentration is protein assay. The evaluation of several lyophilized preparations at scalar concentrations permitted identification, by linear regression, for each laboratory of the systematic and non-systematic variables. More comparable results will be forthcoming when a standardized methodology program has been fully adopted.
A Qualitative Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Substituted 5,6-Dihydroxyindoles from the Urine of Patients with Melanoma
Authors: Pavel Stanislav , Muskiet Frits A. J. , Budešínská Alena , Duchon Jirí
Published: April 2018

A qualitative gas chromatographic analysis of trimethylsilylated ethyl acetate extracts of melanotic urine revealed 5 indolic compounds, which have been identified as substituted 5,6-dihydroxyindoles. Ethyl acetate extracts of melanotic urines at pH 2.0 contained isomeric 5-hydroxy-6-methoxy and 6-hydroxy-5-methoxy-indolyl-2-carboxylic acids which were not separable under the conditions used. A careful hydrolysis of melanotic urine with a Helix pomatia preparation followed by extraction at pH 6.5 in a nitrogen atmosphere released 3 additional indolic compounds from their conjugated form. Using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis they were identified as 5-hydroxy-6-methoxy, 6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole and 5,6-dihydroxyindole.
A Clinical and Pathologic Study of 34 Sarcomas of the Uterus
Authors: Kenda Rado , De Palo Giuseppe , Andreola Salvatore , Bandieramonte Gaetano , Lupi Giovanni , Musumeci Renato
Published: April 2018

The clinical and pathologic features of 34 uterine sarcomas were studied to determine the natural history of the disease. Sixteen patients had leiomyosarcoma, five mixed mesodermal sarcoma, ten endometrial stromal sarcoma, two carcinosarcoma and one endolymphatic stromal myosis. The patients were treated without an unique protocol. At 3 years the actuarial relapse-free survival was 53.6 %: 68.4 % in stage I-II patients and 22.2 % in stage III-IV patients. As regards the histologic subtype mixed mesodermal sarcomas had the best prognosis; endometrial stromal sarcomas the worst. The necessity of a uniform clinical and histologic classification as well as the importance of controlled clinical trials are pointed out.
Radiotherapy of Oral Tongue Cancer
Authors: Baroncelli Giovanni , Feroldi Piero , Frata Paolo
Published: April 2018

The results in the treatment of oral tongue cancer are analysed to suggest a highly specified therapeutic program. Two hundred and thirty-two cases, radiologically treated at the Istituto del Radio Alberti, Brescia, Italy, from 1964 to 1978 are considered. Depending on the staging, exclusive interstitial curietherapy, exclusive external radiotherapy, or external plus interstitial radiotherapy were applied. The therapy of locoregional lymph nodes was surgical and/or radiological. The statistical analysis deals with actuarial survival, local remission, recurrences and radionecroses. Particular attention is paid to N0 cases that became N positive. The suggested therapeutic program depends strictl on the staging and defines also the optimal doses.
Some Aspects of Pituitary Function after Neuroadenolysis in Patients with Metastatic Cancer
Authors: Deshpande Nagesh , Moricca Guido , Saullo Franco , Di Martino Luciano , Kwa Giok
Published: April 2018

The effects of neuroadenolysis on plasma titres of β-endorphin, β-lipotropin, ACTH, TSH and prolactin have been investigated in five patients with metastatic cancer who responded to the treatment and have been in remission for more than four years and in five others who were undergoing the treatment for the first time for pain due to cancer metastases. β-endorphin, β-lipotropin and ACTH titres were within the normal ranges of values in both categories of patients but post-neuroadenolysis titres of these peptides were higher than those before the treatment. The ability to secrete TSH and prolactin and to respond to thyroid stimulating hormone releasing hormone (TRH) remains intact following the treatment. However, whereas basal TSH titres and response to TRH was lower in the majority of patients, no such effect was observed on prolactin secretion. Plasma titres of prolactin and TSH were below the sensitivity of the method in the five patients who are in remission for more than four years. These preliminary findings suggest that neuroadenolysis probably affects some mechanism(s) associated with the control of β-endorphin, β-lipotropin and ACTH synthesis.
Severe Heart Disease Induced by Radiation and Chemotherapy for Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Romanelli Romano , Ciampelli Lamberto , Mungai Vallano
Published: April 2018

A 39-year-old patient with Hodgkin's disease, treated with radiation and chemotherapy, developed an undetected severe cardiopathy that was responsible for a sudden death. Possible causes of this cardiac damage are discussed. The therapeutic success on lymphoma, confirmed by postmortem examination, is emphasized.
Malignant Paraganglioma of the Carotid Body. Clinical, Morphologic, Histologic and Ultrastructural Findings in One Case
Authors: Altavilla Giuseppe , Adamo Vincenzo , Ciriaco Emilia , Longo Marcello , Salvi Laura
Published: April 2018

A case of clinically malignant right carotid glomus paraganglioma, with lymph nodes and pulmonary metastasis, is reported. Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural features of the tumor are discussed. The authors emphasize the relative rarity of malignant paragangliomas and the difficulty to determine the malignancy of the neoplasm only on the basis of the histological examination.
Histopathologic Observations on Sertoli Cell Tumors in Dog
Authors: Finazzi Mario , Cammarata Giorgio
Published: April 2018

Thirty-three cases of Sertoli cell tumor, occurring in dogs of different breeds and ages, were studied histologically. Ectopic testes showed a particularly high tendency to develop the tumor. Metastases were not detected in regularly autopsied dogs nor reported or later ascertained for the bioptic consignments. According to Nielsen and Lein's classification (1974) our findings were divided as follows: 27 intratubular Sertoli cell tumors, 19 with stromal invasion and 8 without invasion; 2 diffuse tumors; 4 multiple primary tumors (3 Sertoli-seminoma cell tumor and 1 Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor). The above classification is discussed and proposed tentatively for revision.
Postoperative Radiotherapy in N– Breast Cancer. A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Cappellini Mario , Ciatto Stefano , Mungai Raffaello
Published: April 2018

The role of postoperative radiotherapy in N- breast cancer with centrally or medially located tumors is still controversial. The authors report the results of a retrospective non-randomized case-control study of T1–2 N- breast cancer patients with centrally or medially located tumors, treated or not with postoperative radiotherapy after radical mastectomy. Sixty-four patients were treated with postoperative radiotherapy (Co-60) to the internal mammary chain and supraclavicular nodes. Sixty-four control cases, matched by T size and site, N status, age and menstrual status and simply followed-up after radical mastectomy were selected. No significant differences in actuarial recurrence and NED survival rates were observed at 5 years in the 2 compared groups, thus indicating that postoperative radiotherapy for patients with N- centrally or medially located breast cancers is not worthwhile treatment policy.
High Dose BCNU Followed by Autologous Bone Marrow Infusion in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Carella Angelo M. , Giordano Domenico , Santini Gino , Frassoni Francesco , Podestà Marina , Van Lint Maria Teresa , Bacigalupo Andrea , Nati Sandro , Vimercati Renato , Occhini Domenico , Bistolfi Franco , Lucarelli Guido , Lercari Giuseppe , Marmont Alberto M.
Published: April 2018

Four patients with glioblastoma multiforme were treated with high dose BCNU, 800 mg/m2, and autologous marrow transplantation. Two patients were treated in their first and 2 in their second remission. All patients are alive between 1 and 12 months from transplantation.
Preliminary Report on Antitumorigenic Activity of CIS-Dichlorodiamine Platinum in Metastatic Brain Tumors
Authors: Kolarić Krsto , Roth Anton , Jeličić Ivo , Matković Anto
Published: April 2018

In spite of pharmacokinetic studies, which have shown that only cis-DDP traces are found in brain tissue, cytotoxic activity of this drug in primary brain tumors has recently been reported. The purpose of our study was to examine whether cis-DDP also has antitumor properties in metastatic brain tumors. Twelve consecutive untreated patients with brain metastases recorded by CAT scans or radionuclide scans plus neurologic examinations underwent the treatment. Histology of primaries revealed 4 bronchial, 3 breast, 1 gastric, 1 colorectal carcinoma, 2 melanomas, and 1 soft tissue sarcoma. Cis-DDP was administered at the doses of 30 mg/m2 body surface daily for 4 days. All the patients were evaluated. Objective response (3 complete and 2 partial remissions) was observed in 5 of 12 patients (response rate 42%). Three stable disease cases were also noted; however, in the remaining 4 patients the disease in the brain progressed. Complete response (5 months) was observed in a breast cancer patient, in a melanoma (4+ months), and in a microcellular bronchial cancer (2+ months). Two partial responses (lung, breast) lasted 2+ and 2+ months. Toxicity was moderate but tolerable for the patients. The preliminary results of this study show that cis-DDP posesses antitumorigenic properties also in patients with metastatic brain tumors, which has not been proved till now.
A Case of Burkitt's Lymphoma in Bulgaria
Authors: Ikonopisov R.L. , Stepanov V.V.
Published: April 2018

A case of Burkitt's lymphoma is reported in a 5-year-old girl with involvement of the jaw and loosening of the teeth. Bilateral ovarian involvement occurred and subsequently dissemination to the CNS retrobulbar spaces causing exophthahnus, the thyroid, the myocardium, and other sites. The therapeutic plan included irradiation of the mandible and systemic chemotherapy. Due to the rapid deterioration of the patient's condition, irradiation was suspended at 1,200 rads. Chemotherapy was not administered since the bone marrow was completely replaced by lymphomatous tissue.