bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PEMIKIRAN ULAMA SUMATERA SELATAN ABAD XX TERHADAP DINAMIKA DAN PRODUKTIVITAS MASYARAKAT SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Hasnah Nasution Nurseri
Published: August 2019

Pada abad XX, Sumatera Selatan ditandai dengan fenomena keagamaan postmodernisme dan problem-problem keragaman artikulasi keagamaan. Untuk merespon fenomena dan problem-problem tersebut, beberapa ulama Sumatera Selatan seperti K.H. Anwar Kumpul, K.H. M. Zen Syukri, K.H. Zainal Abidin Fikry menformulasi pemikiran teologi teosentris. Pemikiran dan corak teologi mereka berpengaruh terhadap kemajuan peradaban di Sumatera Selatan. Subject matter pemikiran teologi teosentris K.H. Anwar Kumpul, K.H. M. Zen Syukri, K.H. Zainal Abidin Fikry terdiri dari: kedudukan akal, fungsi wahyu, konsep iman, perbuatan manusia, anthropomorphisme, beatific vision, sifat-sifat Tuhan, perbuatan Tuhan, kekuasaan Tuhan, keadilan dan sabda Tuhan. Pemikiran dan corak Teologi Islam seperti K.H. Anwar Kumpul, K.H. M. Zen Syukri, K.H. Zainal Abidin Fikry relevan untuk kondisi masyarakat postmodernisme, masyarakat yang mengalami stresor psikososial, masyarakat Melayu, masyarakat tradisional secara sosiologis dan teologis, dan trikotomisasi masyarakat Sumatera Selatan abad XX-XXI. Kajian ini mendekonstruksi persepsi dan memori kolektif yang diintroduksi oleh Harun Nasution. Ia mengkonstatir bahwa corak teologi tradisional merupakan faktor penyebab stagnasi
MAHASISWI HIJABERS
Authors: Nurhayat Muhamad Arpah
Published: August 2019

The rule of wearing veil is set by Allah in Al - Qur’an which aims to protect and keep off women from impaired lust and men’s bad stare. In its implementation, most Muslim women have different styles in wearing it. The difference caused by their difference of understanding and point of views as to veil. As if to support the difference, every Ulama has different perception about women’s aurat limitation. The difference veil implementation is happened as well on IQT’s female students of Ushuluddin and Islamic Thought Faculty. This difference occurs because some factors like family, campus environment, boarding house, and their own understanding toward meaning and veil’s goal.
TUDUHAN NEPOTISME TERHADAP UTSMAN BIN AFFAN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEKHALIFAHAN ALI BIN ABI THALIB
Authors: Murtiningsih Murtiningsih
Published: August 2019

One of the important issues in the leadership of Uthman ibn Affan's caliphate is the nepotism issue. This is due to the vile slander waged by the hypocrites that led to the rebellion and the murder of Uthman ibn Affan tragically. The case had an impact on the caliphate of Ali bin Abi Talib with the emergence of rebellion in Jamal War, the Shiffin War, and the Khawarij who undermined the leadership of the Caliph Ali. The purpose of this study is to determine the validity of the allegations of nepotism addressed to the Caliph Uthman ibn Affan, for remembering that the caliph is the first ten people who converted to Islam and secured into heaven. Historical data proves that the nepotism committed by Uthman ibn Affan did not violate Islamic norms as alleged to him. In addition, the face of nepotism in Indonesia needs to receive great attention, given that nepotism is a disease rooted in the environment of officials to the general public. It is suggested to the government that efforts to eradicate nepotism can be done by introducing a national integrity system and building a clean and healthy political will.
SUNNI DAN SYI’AH DALAM HARMONI (Pemikiran M. Quraish Shihab dalam Upaya Rekonsiliasi Ummat)
Authors: Sakni Ahmad Soleh
Published: August 2019

The conflict between Sunnis and Shia is not a new problem in the long history of moslem. It is not only focused on the issue of aqidah and worship, but also led to anarchic actions such as those that occur in many places, one of which is Indonesia such as in Madura. M. Quraish Shihab (MQS) Indonesian Muslim scholar, through his endeavor, tried to ensure that these two schools could join hands in living a life shaded by Islamic teachings. MQS tries to unite and make harmony between the two by prioritizing aspects of the similarities between the two streams, not sharpening differences. This was confirmed by M. Quraish Shihab in an expression related to disputes between the two groups, "We are brothers, we do not need to be tense with each other. Heaven is too wide so there is no need to monopolize heaven just for ourselves. So do not insult each other." Quraish Shihab statement has made people accuse him of being a defender of Shi'ism, even of being Shi'ites, but on several occasions he stated that he did not adhere to Shi'ism, he only tried to find the right solution in dealing with differences in understanding and ideology between Sunnis and Shiites.
PERENCANAAN PERUBAHAN DALAM SUDUT PANDANG AL-QUR’AN (Analisa Al-Quran Dalam Fundamental Perubahan Pendidikan)
Authors: Majid Zamakhsyari Abdul
Published: August 2019

This paper is behind the concept of innovation that became one of the universal and fundamental strategy. The substance of innovation in education has the purpose of improving and updating the context of human development and educational institutions. Reference and inspiration of Islamic principles into modern theoretical problematic have a significant impact as the basic foundation of management science study in the future. Planning is part of a management science resulting from the process of human innovation of the object of education. This paper uses a method of commentary maudu'i or thematic interpretive analysis, which refers to a unity of certain themes in the verses of the Qur'an, as well as analyze the innovative part of planning in the perspective of Al-Quran. The study of educational innovation embodied in the Qur'an has implications for the human mindset to be able to plan the educational process systematically, objectively and dynamically. Planning human resources to the stage of management is a manifestation of human success to improve the paradigm of innovation that entered the world of education.
TASAWUF DAN RESOLUSI MORAL: STUDI TERHADAP IMPLIKASI AJARAN TASAWUF DALAM MENGATASI DEGRADASI MORAL
Authors: Amin Muhammad
Published: August 2019

Moral degradation is a complicated problem to solve. This applies to all nations in the world. Because, moral damage to society in a country can result in the destruction of a nation. For this reason, the urgency to study strategies needs to be done in overcoming this. The conclusion of this paper is: that the teachings in Sufism can be one of the resolutions in overcoming moral degradation. The teaching is implemented in several stages, namely takhalli, tahalli, and tajalli.
REFORMASI PROTESTAN DAN PERANG AGAMA PERANCIS
Authors: Nugroho Nugroho
Published: August 2019

Protestant Reformation emerged in the 16th century in Europe caused economic factors, politics, nationalism, individualism, renaissance, as well as the practice of indulgences. This study is library research and analyzed with descriptive analytic. Protestant Reformation led to divisions and wars in Christianity that is so terrible that resulted in the sacrifice of life. Resolutions taken the result of the reform protestanya The Peace of Westphalia.
TASAWUF DI SUMATERA SELATAN DARI ABAD KE-18 HINGGA ABAD KE-21
Authors: Al-Kaf Idrus
Published: August 2019

Sufism in Indonesia is not only Sunni, but also philosophical. This is evident in the mystical teachings of Sufism that developed throughout the archipelago, including in the Southern of Sumatera region. Islam with a Sunni Sufism style is very strong since the beginning of its arrival in South Sumatra. This can be traced to political and cultural contacts between Palembang and Java - where Wali Songo lived. While the main characteristic of South Sumatra's mysticism is its attachment to the tarekat - in this case, especially the Sammaniyah order. Even in the 20th century, when the flow of Islamic puritanism oriented to the mere outward aspects of religion increasingly thickened, the Sammaniyah order which had become part of the customs of the Palembang people could still be maintained.
O futuro da universidade: O maior risco é não arriscar
Authors: Nóvoa António
Published: August 2019

Sem resumo
Effect of gender diversity on the financial performance of insurance firms in Kenya
Authors: Ibrahim Hassan Bashir , Ouma Caren , Koshal Jeremiah N.
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of gender diversity on the financial performance of insurance firms in Kenya. The study analyzed data from the 55 insurance firms licensed by the Insurance Regularity Authority (IRA) in Kenya. Gender diversity was operationalized by the number of female directors serving on the boards of insurance firms operating in Kenya. Primary data was collected from a sample of 412 board directors, Chief Executive Officers (CEOs), Chief Finance Officers (CFOs), Audit Committee members (AUDIND) and Internal Auditorsusing a questionnaire instrument while secondary data was retrieved from audited financial reports of the year 2017. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Firm performance was measured by the two accounting-based measures Return On Assets (ROA) and Return On Equity (ROE). The findings from the regression analysis indicate that gender diversity significantly and positively affects the financial performance of insurance firms in Kenya.
Foreign Direct Investment, Management and Their Role in Economic Development - Kosovo Case
Authors: BELLAQA Bashkim , Bajrami Halil
Published: August 2019

One of the important aspects of a country's economic development is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), these investments impact on economic development and improve social aspects. At the international level as well as at the country level, FDI has a relevant significance which as an issue is related to the sustainable management policy that makes the country more attractive in absorbing FDI. The purpose of this paper is to present the trends of FDI in the Western Balkan countries with an open look in Kosovo and their comparison, investment policy management, GDP FDI correlation and comparison of the trends of the remittances .Firstly in the introduction of this paper there is a theoretical review of the literature on the definitions of FDI in the economic aspect. Secondly, FDI has been presented and compared over the years in the Western Balkans countries with a vacant look in Kosovo. Third, it analyzes the FDI trends in Kosovo based on the country of origin of these investments, etc. Fourth, in the framework of this research paper, country-level management policies were analyzed in terms of creating an incentive environment for FDI. Fifth, as part of this paperwork, there are also empirical analysis of the correlations between FDI and GDP in the case of Kosovo, etc.

 

Keywords:

One of the important aspects of a country's economic development is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), these investments impact on economic development and improve social aspects. At the international level as well as at the country level, FDI has a relevant significance which as an issue is related to the sustainable management policy that makes the country more attractive in absorbing FDI. The purpose of this paper is to present the trends of FDI in the Western Balkan countries with an open look in Kosovo and their comparison, investment policy management, GDP FDI correlation and comparison of the trends of the remittances .Firstly in the introduction of this paper there is a theoretical review of the literature on the definitions of FDI in the economic aspect. Secondly, FDI has been presented and compared over the years in the Western Balkans countries with a vacant look in Kosovo. Third, it analyzes the FDI trends in Kosovo based on the country of origin of these investments, etc. Fourth, in the framework of this research paper, country-level management policies were analyzed in terms of creating an incentive environment for FDI. Fifth, as part of this paperwork, there are also empirical analysis of the correlations between FDI and GDP in the case of Kosovo, etc.

 

Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, Investment Policy Management, Correlations, Remittances

 

JEL classification: F21, M12, C33, F24

 

JEL classification: F21, M12, C33, F24
Identificação molecular de espécies de vírus e reação fenotípica de famílias de melancia a um isolado do vírus da mancha anelar do mamoeiro, estirpe melancia (Pappaya ringspot virus – strain watermelon - PRSV-W)
Authors: Nascimento Ildon Rodrigues do , Santos Luniara Bastos dos , Figueira Antônia dos Reis , Santos Gil Rodrigues dos , Aguiar Raimundo Wagner de Souza , Maluf Wilson Roberto , Oliveira Gilberto Iris Souza de
Published: August 2019

As curcubitaceas, incluindo a melancia, estão sujeitas a várias doenças causadas por vírus. No Brasil, tem predominado espécies de Potyvirus. O objetivo do trabalho foi efetuar a identificação molecular de espécies de vírus provenientes de quatro regiões produtoras de melancia do estado do Tocantins e verificar através da inoculação artificial, a reação fenotípica de famílias selecionadas para resistência a um desses isolado caracterizado como sendo de PRSV-W. Dos nove isolados utilizados, seis apresentaram bandas para PRSV-W. Um dos isolados apresentou bandas para PRSV-W e SqMV que pode ser uma infecção mista. Na avaliação fenotípica, o acesso PI 595201 apresentou alto nível de resistência. As famílias apresentaram comportamento diferenciado, sendo possível identificar plantas dentro de cada família com resistência semelhante ao genitor resistente.
Fermentation of sugar cane juice (Sacharum officinarum) cultivar RB 7515 by wild yeasts resistant to UVC
Authors: Sobrinho Viviane dos Santos , Silva Valéria Cristina Ferreira da , Cereda Marney Pascoli
Published: August 2019

Commercial alcoholic fermentations coexist with microbial contamination come together withsugar cane or industrial water. The contaminants are bacteria or wild yeast that also results reduction in yield. The contaminants control use acid treatment and antibiotics. Disinfection by ultraviolet radiation is efficient in transparent liquid and has as advantage leaving noresidues. Reports on the UV effect over microorganisms in turbid and colored liquids are scarce. The research evaluated the use of commercial UVC lamp in continuous reactor for reducing microbial load and its effect on the fermentation of sugarcane cultivar RB 7515. The sugar cane juice and tap water used in dilution were both exposed to doses of 0, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Joules/ljuice. The counts were made in specific culture media. The dose 500 Joules/liter was enough to eliminate the coliforms, but survived yeast and bacteria without difference to the others dose. The treated sugar cane juice was diluted to 12 Brix and fermented by the surviving wild yeasts untilBrix stabilization. The alcoholic graduation was 5° GL for all the treatment. It was proved the ability of wild yeasts resistant to UVC even with long fermentation times.
PERFIL DOS ALUNOS COTISTAS DO CURSO DE DIREITO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO TOCANTINS APÓS A VIGÊNCIA DA LEI Nº 12.711/2012: A PRESENÇA DA UNIVERSITÁRIA NEGRA
Authors: Da Silva Sousa Aline , Pereira Ana Lúcia
Published: August 2019

A pesquisa, de natureza empírica e teórica, investiga o perfil das pessoas que gozam das ações afirmativas no Curso de Direito da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, com recorte específico sobre a presença da universitária negra, nas turmas ingressantes em 2013.1; 2013.2; 2014.1 e 2014.2. O objeto de pesquisa tem como alvo investigativo a política de ação afirmativa no campo da Educação Superior e opta pelo método indutivo ao analisar a condição das acadêmicas negras do curso de Direito e avaliar, no âmbito da instituição, o grau de eficácia assumido pela lei nº 12.711/12, conhecida como Lei de cotas.  O levantamento do perfil das acadêmicas negras (pretas e pardas) do curso de Direito é feito com destaque para as categorias de sexo, etnia, renda, escolaridade dos pais, expectativas em relação ao curso de Direito e análise do coeficiente de rendimento, confirmam a teoria de que sob o racismo, uma separação (segregação) é feita a partir da cor da pele das pessoas, permitindo as pessoas não-negras ocuparem posições superiores na hierarquia social, enquanto as mais escuras serão mantidas nas posições inferiores, independentemente de sua condição (ou de seus privilégios) de gênero ou quaisquer outros.

Palavras-chave: Política de ação afirmativa. Universitária negra. Curso de Direito.
DESINFECÇÃO DE ÁGUA DE POÇO POR RADIAÇÃO SOLAR (SODIS)
Authors: Cavallini Grasiele Soares , Araujo Dayane Lira Barros da Silva , Lima Jordan Gabriel Freitas
Published: August 2019

O processo de desinfecção de água por radiação solar denomina-se SODIS, proveniente da expressão em inglês “solar disinfection”, e atualmente, é utilizado em 20 países por mais de 2 milhões de pessoas por ser uma alternativa de tratamento de água de baixo custo. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o potencial da região sul do estado Tocantins, a qual apresentou excelentes resultados mesmo com o tempo nublado e independente da utilização de concentrador solar. O estudo foi realizado no município de Gurupi, onde foi constatada incidência solar suficiente para a desinfecção de 100% de E. coli (1,477 log), em 4 horas de exposição solar, e de coliformes totais (4,041 log), em 6 horas de exposição solar em ensaios utilizando água de poço, com turbidez de 0,52NTU. Após este processo a água de poço estaria bacteriologicamente apta para atender os limites estabelecidos pela Portaria do Ministério da Saúde n° 2914, de 12 de dezembro de 2011, que recomenda a ausência de coliformes totais e E. coli em 100 mL de água para consumo humano. Não foi observado recrescimento desses microrganismos em amostra tratadas após sua estocagem por até 66 horas na ausência de luz e a temperatura ambiente.

Palavras-chave: Tratamento de água SODIS, SODIS Gurupi, medidas de intensidade solar para SODIS.
“QUEM MAL LÊ, MAL OUVE, MAL FALA, MAL VÊ”
Authors: Mendes Costa Ribeiro Jaqueline , Pereira Roger Trindade , Homrich Glinys Maria dos Santos , Da Silva Angela Noleto
Published: August 2019

Este artigo propõe relatar e refletir acerca da experiência docente de bolsistas do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), do curso de Pedagogia, câmpus Palmas, referente ao projeto de literatura infantojuvenil desenvolvido em uma turma do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública no munícipio de Palmas/TO. O referencial teórico contemplou principalmente os autores: Soares (2003), Frantz (1997), Bondía (2002), e Abromovich (1997) nas indagações acerca da literatura infatojuvenil e nas questões relacionadas à formação de professores e a pedagogia de projetos. Concluiu-se que atividades pedagógicas atreladas ao uso da literatura infatojuvenil propiciam a autonomia dos alunos quanto às habilidades de leitura, interpretação e escrita dos gêneros textuais. No que diz respeito à formação docente inicial, o Programa possibilitou espaço para experiência, ressignificação da prática docente e o aprendizado de novas possibilidades didáticas de letramento.
Radiation Doses and Cancer Risk from CT Pulmonary Angiography Examinations
Authors: Haspi Harun Hanif , Abdul Karim Muhammad Khalis , Abbas Zulkifly , Muniandy Sarawana Chelwan , Sabarudin Akmal , Hoong Ng Kwan
Published: August 2019

The present study aims to investigate radiation doses from Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) examinations based on the patient’s size and to estimate the probability of cancer risk induced from the examination. Data from 100 patients who had undergone CTPA examinations, such as scanning acquisition parameters, patient demography, as well as radiation dose exposure, were collected and analysed. All subjects which aged above 18 y/o were scanned using a Philips Brilliance 128 multi-detector CT (MDCT) scanner. The mean dose value for Volume Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol), Dose-Length Product (DLP) and effective dose (E) were 11.06 ± 7.17 mGy, 400.38 ± 259.10 mGy.cm and 8.68 ± 5.47 mSv respectively. In addition, with respective of patient’s effective diameter, the mean SSDE value for Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 were 9.93 ± 3.89, 13.70 ± 9.04 and 22.29 ± 7.35, respectively. Cancer risk per million procedure was calculated based on te recommendation by the International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 103 report. The organ dose and cancer risk attained for breast, lung and liver were 17.05 ± 10.40 mGy (194 per one million procedure), 17.55 ± 10.86 mGy (192 per one million procedure) and 15.04 ± 9.75 mGy (53 per one million procedure), respectively. In conclusion, CTDIvol underestimated, and SSDE was more accurate in describing the radiation dose. Lung and breast with larger lung effective diameter received the highest dose exposure which increase the probability of the cancer risk. Therefore, it is important to apply optimised protocols in order to reduce patient’s exposure during CTPA examination.
Detecting IoT Devices and How They Put Large Heterogeneous Networks at Security Risk
Authors: Agarwal Sharad , Oser Pascal , Lüders Stefan
Published: August 2019

The introduction of the Internet of Things (IoT), i.e., the interconnection of embedded devices over the Internet, has changed the world we live in from the way we measure, make calls, print information and even the way we get energy in our offices or homes. The convenience of IoT products, like CCTV cameras, IP phones, and oscilloscopes, is overwhelming for end-users. In parallel, however, security issues have emerged and it is essential for infrastructure providers to assess the associated security risks. In this paper, we propose a novel method to detect IoT devices and identify the manufacturer, device model, and the firmware version currently running on the device using the page source from the web user interface. We performed automatic scans of the large-scale network at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) to evaluate our approach. Our tools identified 233 IoT devices that fell into eleven distinct device categories and included 49 device models manufactured by 26 vendors. This serves as the basis for automatic vulnerability assessment to be presented in a future paper.
SHELTERS INFLUENCE IN DUSKY GROUPER CULTURE
Authors: Yoshimini de OLIVEIRA Nayara , Mesquita de SOUSA Otávio , Villanova  KUNHEN Vanessa , Gomes SANCHES Eduardo
Published: August 2019

Environmental enrichment can be an important tool to improve the productive performance of dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834). The goal of this study was to evaluate the preference for shelters and the effect of the availability of shelters on the productive performance of dusky groupers juveniles in salt water recirculation system. Two trials were conducted, the first one to determine the preference for different types of shelters (rocks, bricks and PVC pipes of different colors) and the second one on the use of shelters, with three treatments (T1 = without shelter; T2 = one shelter per fish and T3 = two shelters per fish). The dusky grouper showed preference for shelters of PVC tubes of brown color. The use of shelters favored better productive performance of the species in salt water recirculation systems.
EFFECTIVENESS OF BENZOCAINE AS ANESTHETIC AT DIFFERENT WATER TEMPERATURES FOR EARLY JUVENILE CURIMBA (Prochilodus lineatus Valenciennes, 1836), A NEOTROPICAL FISH SPECIES
Authors: Fernandes de Medeiros JÚNIOR Elias , UEHARA Silvio Akira , Mendes de FREITAS Thiago , Alves Correia de MELO Nuno Filipe , Almeida PALHETA Glauber David , TAKATA Rodrigo
Published: August 2019

Anesthetics have been used frequently in aquaculture to minimize stress during handling. However, several factors can affect the efficiency of anesthetics. For example, temperature is one of the abiotic factors that control animal metabolism and consequently, the effect of anesthetics. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of benzocaine as an anesthetic for early juveniles of curimba Prochilodus lineatus at different water temperatures. Juveniles (4.7 Â± 1.6 g and total length of 7.4 Â± 0.7 cm) were submitted to anesthesia at concentrations of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 mg L-1 of benzocaine and temperatures of 22, 25, 28, and 31 Â°C. The effects were evaluated by measuring the induction time to deep and surgical anesthesia, recovery time, time to appetite return, and 96-h mortality rate. The higher temperatures (25, 28 and 31Â°C) provided shorter induction times to reach deep anesthesia and at 50 mg L-1 of benzocaine, the induction time was between 2 and 3 min. Juveniles at temperatures of 28 and 31 Â°C showed lower surgical anesthesia induction time at concentrations ranging from 60 to 80 mg L-1. Recovery time was longer at 22 Â°C at all concentrations. The time to appetite return occurred in the first 24 h after anesthesia and the 96-h mortality rate was lower than 10%. Under these conditions, for deep anesthesia, benzocaine concentration of 50 mg L-1 for water temperatures of 25, 28, and 31 Â°C and 60 mg L-1 for 22 Â°C are recommended. Surgical anesthesia can be performed with 50 mg L-1 of benzocaine at all four water temperatures. The differences documented in the present study underline the need for adequate concentrations of anesthetics depending on the prevalent water temperature for Neotropical fish species. This should be considered in recommendations for large-scale use.
An Analytical Method for Optimizing Fracture Spacing in Shale Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Mahmood Md Nahin , Guo Boyun
Published: August 2019

Hydraulic fracturing is the most prominent technique for increasing well productivity in shale oil and gas reservoirs. Spacing between perforation clusters, with Plug-and-Perf (PnP) fracturing method also believed to be spacing of fractures, is one of the parameters that need to be optimized in fracturing design. This work presents an analytical method to optimize fracture spacing based on the assessment of production data from multi-fractured horizontal wells. Five hydraulically fractured horizontal wells completed in a high clay-content shale formation were considered as examples in this study. Based on the theory of pseudo-steady state (PSS) flow, oil well productivity was investigated with special focus on perforation cluster spacing. Wells exhibiting linear flow in rate transient analyses are believed to have a potential of productivity improvement with shorter fracture spacings. Oil productivity potential with closer fracture spacing was identified for wells in the same reservoir. Result of analyses shows that some wells experienced linear transient flow, indicating significant separation between hydraulic fractures. Use of an analytical well productivity model to simulate pseudo-steady production indicates that fracture spacing could have been reduced to improve well productivity. These wells can be considered as candidates for re-fracturing if possible. Future wells to be drilled in the area nearby should be completed with shorter spacing of perforation clusters. Some wells in the case fields do not show linear transient flow, indicating interferences between either hydraulic fractures and/or natural fractures. These wells should not be refractured. New wells near these wells should not be completed with fracture spacing less than the spacing values used in the existing wells.
Lean Gas Huff and Puff Process for Eagle Ford Shale with Connecting Natural Fractures: Well Interference, Methane Adsorption and Gas Trapping Effects
Authors: Wang Leizheng , Yu Wei
Published: August 2019

Currently many lean gas EOR pilot projects are implemented in Eagle Ford shale. The major component of lean gas is methane. From the field feedback, there is always large discrepancy between production forecast (or reservoir simulation) and the field results. The natural fracture system is complex and the communication between natural fracture, matrix and hydraulic fractures is even more complicated. Comparing connecting natural fracture between wells with short and low fracture conductivity, the well interference and the resulted optimal well spacing significantly change. In this study, according to field feedback, some connecting natural fractures with high fracture conductivity are mapped between wells to better represent the field geology and production status.

A composition reservoir simulation model is built for Eagle Ford shale. Typical production curve of Eagle Ford shale is matched for the first three years of primary production, lean gas Huff and Puff (HNP) process is simulated for the next three years for the parent wells and child wells. As the main composition of lean gas is methane, different methane adsorption effects are quantified between wells to investigate its influence on production. For lean gas Huff and Puff process, normally the Minimum Miscibility Pressure (MMP) is above 4000 psi. During lean gas cycling process, methane is adsorbed and desorbed, and the effective methane amount used to enhance miscibility between gas and oil phases is reduced, thus the reservoir pressure is not elevated to as high as no gas adsorption case. The methane adsorption effect significantly affects the oil and gas production. Relative permeability hysteresis and capillary pressure hysteresis (gas trapping effect) are the first time systematically studied to quantify the gas EOR performance in pad level production of unconventional reservoirs. Considering gas trapping effects, the cumulative gas injection amount and production amount is much better matched to the field pilot results. The oil incremental benefit of gas Huff and puff process considering gas trapping effect is quantified.

To our best knowledge, this is the first time that both methane adsorption and gas trapping effects are studied for pad level Huff and Puff process with the realistic connecting natural fractures between wells. Better matching of the production data with pilot results confirms the successful application of these two mechanisms. Considering the realistic complex natural fracture effects also greatly contributes to the correct production forecast and efficient design of gas EOR project for unconventional reservoirs such as Eagle Ford shale and other major basins.
Benefit of contrast-enhanced PET/CT versus non-contrast-enhanced PET/CT relative to lesion detection, lesion characterization, and diagnostic accuracy in patients with cancer
Authors: Thientunyakit Tanyaluck , Thiravit Phakphoom , Mali Pichet , Kanchanapiboon Potjanee
Published: August 2019

Background

To investigate the benefit of contrast-enhanced PET/CT (PET/CECT) versus non-contrast-enhanced PET/CT (PET/NCCT) relative to lesion detection, characterization, and diagnostic accuracy in cancer patients.

Methods

This prospective study included patients aged >18 years with histopathologically proven cancer who underwent [F-18]FDG PET/CT at the Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand during the December 2014 to November 2017 study period. PET/NCCT was performed followed by PET/CECT scan in all patients. The results of PET/NCCT, PET/CECT, and pre/post-contrast enhanced PET/CT (PET/NCCT-CECT) for each patient were interpreted by 1 nuclear medicine physician and 1 radiologist. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated from ROC curve analysis.

Results

One hundred and ten patients were included. The mean age was 52.45±17.14 years, and 52.7% were female. Lymphoma was the most common cancer diagnosis (47.3%). No significant difference was observed between PET/CT techniques for detection rate at the primary tumor site, lymph node, or distant organ. High agreement was observed between PET/CT techniques for lesion characterization. Lesion characterizations were not significantly correlated with age, gender, BMI, or FBS; however, lesion characterization was found to be significantly associated with primary tumor size, indication for PET/CT and lesion size. The following ranges were observed from all PET/CT techniques: sensitivity 81.5%-85.3%, specificity 94.4%-95.5%, accuracy 89.4%-91.4%, PLR 14.572-18.719, NLR 0.155-0.196, PPV 90.4%-92.1%, and NPV 88.9%-91.3%.

Conclusions

[F-18]FDG PET/CT demonstrated no significant advantage over PET/NCCT for lesion detection, lesion characterization, or diagnostic accuracy in patients with cancer. The use of intravenous contrast material should be limited to select cases in order to reduce the risk of renal toxicity and/or anaphylactic reaction, and to minimize unnecessary costs.
The value of peri-lesional tissue stiffness and stiff rim sign in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant breast lesions
Authors: Kong wen-tao , Wang yin , Zhou wei-jun , Zhang yi-dang , Zhuang xiao-ming , Wang wen-ping , Wu min
Published: August 2019

Background

Shear wave elastography (SWE) is an important method in the diagnosis of breast lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of tissue stiffness around breast lesion and stiff rim sign for the differentiation of benign and malignant lesions.

Methods

192 patients (mean age, 44.6 ± 13.6 years) with 199 breast lesions proven by pathological examination underwent shear wave elastography (SWE). We first observed if there was a stiff rim sign. Then the shell around the breast lesion on SWE was automatically drawn by machine, with width of 1mm, 2mm and 3mm. Elasticity modulus of the lesion and surrounding tissue were recorded, including maximum elasticity (Emax), mean elasticity (Emean), minimum elasticity (Emin) and elasticity ratio (shell/lesion ratio). The optimal thresholds of elasticity modulus were calculated according to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results

There were 75 malignant lesions and 124 benign lesions. The average Emax, Emean of lesion and shell were significantly higher in the malignant group than in the benign group (P<0.05). The optimal cut-off value of Emax for diagnosing malignant lesion was 101.7 Kpa, with a sensitivity of 66.3% and specificity of 87.9%. The optimal cut-off value of Emean was 29.1 Kpa, with a sensitivity of 65.3% and specificity of 79.8%. The stiff rim sign had a highest diagnostic performance for malignancy than other elastic parameters, with an accuracy of 88.4%. However, measuring peritumoral tissue stiffness can achieve a relatively high sensitivity, whereas specificity was not improved significantly.

Conclusion

The stiffness of tissue surrounding breast malignancy was significantly higher than benign lesion. Stiff rim sign has the potential to improve the diagnostic performance of breast lesions.
The Fellowship Competitiveness Index: A Novel Way to Estimate Admission Competition into Internal Medicine Subspecialties
Authors: Tran Huynh Wynn , Jong Russell W. De , Gesiotto Quinto
Published: August 2019

Background

The competitiveness of internal medicine (IM) fellowships have not been well studied. Our novel competitiveness metric aims to estimate IM subspecialty fellowships entry competitiveness in a single, concise number that is easily accessible and understandable. Through this we hope to offer assistance to prospective fellowship applicants in making an educated and realistic fellowship choice.

Methods

Fellowship filled percentages, the percentage of applications from US medical graduates (USMGs), average matriculating USMLE Step 1 scores, and average post-fellowship salary were used to construct our metric. Procedural specialties included cardiology, pulmonary/critical care, and gastroenterology. Non-procedural specialties included hematology/oncology, rheumatology, endocrinology, infectious disease, and nephrology. Data were gathered from the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) 2009 - 2018 reports, Medscape’s Physician Compensation Reports, and other sources used to corroborate salaries.

Results

2018 procedural FCI (25.92) was higher than non-procedural (15.61). Cardiology (FCI 28.72, salary $423,000, Step 1 237.67) was the most competitive field. Hematology/oncology leads non-procedural fields in FCI (28.02), USMG percentage (60%), and salary ($363,000). Nephrology fill rates have declined from 94.8% to 60.1% despite 32% salary increase, giving it the lowest FCI (7.04).

Conclusions

Calculations show procedural specialties are most competitive, with cardiology at the top. Hematology/oncology leads non-procedural fields and is approaching procedural competitiveness, as evidenced by multiple factors that rival or surpass gastroenterology and pulmonary/critical care. We believe that this metric is a simple, accessible, and valid measure of competitiveness of fellowship entry and with further manipulation can be generalized to residency competitiveness.
Exploring university students’ attitudes towards Primary Care: evidence from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Voglino Gianluca , Moro Giuseppina Lo , Gualano Maria Rosaria , Bert Fabrizio , Siliquini Roberta
Published: August 2019

Background

The general practitioner (GP) has a significant role in primary care, being more than a gatekeeper to health services access. In Italy, if a citizen moves for studies for at least 3 months, he/she can choose temporarily another GP in the new city (the so-called “Healthcare Domicile”, HD). The aims were to estimate the university students’ knowledge about the HD, evaluate the frequency of the transition to another GP and assess the university students’ attitudes towards the primary care services.

Methods

In 2018, a cross-sectional pilot study was performed in study rooms amongst students attending Turin’s University. Participation was voluntary, anonymous, without compensation. A 25-item questionnaire collected information about: socio-demographic characteristics, health services use, health conditions and medications, HD knowledge, HD use. The outcomes were having the GP far away, knowing HD, not moving the GP even if aware about HD. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, logistic regression analyses were performed. The significance level was p≤0.05.

Results

Participants were 388 and those who knew HD were 45.36%. Among those that moved to Turin (44.85%), 77.67% knew HD but did not move the GP anyway. The 72.68% used medications without prescription (the most taken: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics). Age, nationality and degree course type could be predictors for outcomes considered. HD knowledge resulted associated with a different use of healthcare resources.

Conclusions

The data of the present paper suggest that further studies are required to better understand the framework connected with the university students’ access to primary health care. Our results highlighted the need to implement campaigns targeted to university students to spread information about the HD and a more appropriate use of the healthcare services and medications.
Impact of Age on Tumor Mutation Burden in Gastric patients:a secondary analysis based on a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hu Mingming , Zhang Tongmei , Li Jie , Yang Yuan , li baolan
Published: August 2019

Background

Gastric carcinoma is aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. Recent years, immunotherapy has been validated effective in a proportion of patients. Tumor mutational burden (TMB),microsatellite instability (MSI) status and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression are potential biomarkers to predict efficacy to immunocheckpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This study was undertaken to explore the correlationship between these biomarkers using the published data in a large patient cohort of gastrointestinal cancers.

Method

In total,367 gastric cancer patients were examined in this study. MSI and TMB were assessed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). PD-L1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry.

Results

The population was divided into four groups according to age,TMB-High and MSI-high participants were more frequent in older groups.After adjusting sex, differentiation,histology,specimensite,MSI status and PD-L1 expression, a non-linear relationship between age and TMB was found,which had an inflection point of 73 years.The effect sizes and the confidence intervals on the left and right sides of the inflection point were 0.06 (-0.01to 0.13) and 0.56 (0.33 to 0.79), respectively. In different subgroups analysis,similar trends were observed.

Conclusion

The relationship between age and TMB is non-linear. Age was positively correlated with TMB when age was more than 73 years.
Dexmedetomidine provides better hemodynamic stability than fentanyl without impairing microcirculation during isoflurane anesthesia in bitches with pyometra submitted to ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Nagashima Julio Ken , Gonçalves Lucas Alaião , Pereira Marco Aurélio Amador , Talib Mariana Semião Francisco , Oliveira Clair Motos de , Ambrósio Aline Magalhães , Fantoni Denise T.
Published: August 2019

Microcirculatory disorders are one of the most common systemic alterations in septic patients, which can occur even in the presence of normal macro-hemodynamic parameters. Several anesthetic protocols have been indicated for sepsis. A drug frequently used in critically ill human patients is dexmedetomidine, a potent and selective alpha 2-agonist with sedative, analgesic and muscle relaxant properties that promotes blood pressure increase and peripheral vasoconstriction. The objective of the present study was to compare dexmedetomidine and fentanyl constant rate infusions in septic dogs using microcirculatory, hemodynamic and metabolic parameters. Thirty-three bitches with pyometra submitted to therapeutic ovariohysterectomy (OHE) and triaged with the quick SOFA score were included in the study. The animals were randomized into two groups treated with either dexmedetomidine (3 μg/kg/h) or fentanyl (5 μg/kg/h) constant rate infusions during isoflurane anesthesia and under mechanical ventilation. Hemodynamic, microcirculatory, ventilatory and metabolic parameters were recorded before, during and after anesthesia. The data were submitted to a normality test, then groups were compared using the unpaired Wilcoxon test or the t student test when necessary. All microcirculatory parameters were not significantly different between groups. Dexmedetomidine constant rate infusion provided superior blood pressure values and lactate clearance results, suggesting that it did not impair peripheral oxygen transport and organ perfusion, and both groups had similar clinical outcomes such as mortality and occurrence of hypotension and bradyarrhythmias. Similar values of microcirculatory parameters and higher blood pressure demonstrated that dexmedetomidine does not compromise microcirculation compared to fentanyl, it improves macro-hemodynamics instead.
Morbidity profile and prevalence of diabetes and high blood pressure among truck drivers in three regions of India
Authors: Randhawa Sonali , Dogra Vishal , Bambrah Hardeep Singh , Hegde Shailendra , Sudke Ajit Kisanrao , Phanse Vishal
Published: August 2019

Background Truck drivers in India are one of the groups experiencing a disproportionate health burden. Understanding the distribution of health morbidities is essential to plan and mitigate the risk of premature mortality among this subgroup. We aim to describe the health morbidities and prevalence of diabetes and high blood pressure among truck drivers in three regions of India.Method We used routinely collected data from a community-based healthcare program for truck drivers. Electronic medical health records (July 2018 to February 2019) of truck drivers were accessed and analyzed. We study the sociodemographic, health risk and morbidity profile of the truck drivers with an emphasis on diabetes, and high blood pressure status in East, West, and South, regions of India. Significance level was fixed at 95% and results with p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Results We identified 15725 truck drivers, of which nearly two-thirds 10247 (65%) were from the south region alone. Majority of truck drivers were male and middle-aged (median age 44 years). Over two-third (>62%) truck drivers in all regions were tobacco users. Half of the truck drivers reported smoking in the South (53%) compared to smokeless tobacco use in the West (53%) and East (41%) regions. Alcohol use alone and both alcohol and tobacco use were significantly lower in the West compared to the East and South regions. A significant number of truck drivers were either overweight 3485 (22%) or obese 6772 (49%). The prevalence of obesity among truck drivers ranged 55% in the South and 47% in the East compared to 32% in the West region. Of all truck drivers, 6991 (44%) had non-communicable diseases; 3350 (21%) had musculoskeletal conditions, and 1954 (12%) were suffering from communicable diseases. The prevalence of diabetes differed significantly in the three regions (p<0.05). Nearly half of the truck drivers (7326/15725) 47% had high blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mm Hg) and regional differences were not significant.Conclusion Truck drivers in India suffer from multiple health and lifestyle-related diseases. Early identification of high risk and tailored behavioral and occupational interventions are needed urgently.
Prevalence and associated factors of diarrhea among under-five children in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia 2018: A cross sectional study
Authors: Shine Sisay , Muhamud Sindew , Adnew Solomon , Demelash Alebachew
Published: August 2019

Introduction Diarrhea is responsible for 525,000 under five children deaths and 1.7 billion cases in the world and the second leading cause of death among under-five children. It is the major public health problem in developing countries like Ethiopia. The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of diarrhea among under-five children in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia.Methods Community based cross-sectional study design was done among 420 children in Debre Behan Town. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected by using pre-tested and structured questionnaire. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess level of significance.Results The two week prevalence of diarrhea among under-five children was 16.4%. Age of children with 7-11 month years old (AOR: 4.2, 95%CI: 1.2 – 15.3), being the second children (AOR: 3.9, 95%CI: 1.8 – 8.5), not vaccinated against Rota virus (AOR: 10.3, 95%CI: 3.2 – 91.3) and feeding children by using hand (AOR: 2.5, 95%CI: 1.1 - 6.1) were significant predictors of under five children diarrhea.Conclusions This study revealed that the two weeks’ period prevalence of under-five diarrhea was relatively high. Age of children, vaccination against Rota virus and feeding children by using hand were associated with under-five children diarrhea. Education program on the important of vaccination against Rota virus and critical point of hand washing is recommended.