bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology Diffusion and Trade Liberalization
Authors: Beladi Hamid , Oladi Reza
Published: May 2017

We consider a developing economy where multinational corporations compete with foreign and local firms in a monopolistically competitive market. The focus of our paper is on consequences of a policy mix of tariffs and foreign direct investment (FDI) tax in a developing economy. We assume all firms are technologically heterogeneous and that foreign firms are technologically superior to local firms. Central to our model is the assumption that FDI activities by multinational corporations would lead to diffusion of technology in the developing economy. We show the existence of a non-trivial equilibrium where most technologically advanced foreign firms emerge as multinationals, engage in FDI activities and this in turn leads to the diffusion of technology. We also show that trade liberalization without liberalization of foreign investment may lead to the protection of most technological backward local firms in the developing economy and such liberalization can reduce the welfare of a representative consumer.
In situ biomass production of Gracilariaceae and Ulva rigida: the Venice Lagoon as a study case
Authors: Sfriso Andrea Augusto , Sfriso Adriano
Published: May 2017

The growth and biomass production of the most abundant Gracilariaceae:
Preparation of anhydrite from eggshell via pyrolysis
Authors: Tangboriboon Nuchnapa , Unjan Wanitcha , Sangwan Watchara , Sirivat Anuvat
Published: May 2017

Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O) was prepared from the chemical reaction between calcium carbonate from duck eggshell and sulfuric acid at 25°C. The CaSO4·2H2O was dried in an oven at 110°C and transformed into calcium sulfate hemihydrate or plaster of Paris (CaSO4·0.5H2O). The CaSO4·0.5H2O was calcined at 700, 800 and 900°C and transformed into anhydrite or anhydrous calcium sulfate (CaSO4). The raw material used in this research was the duck eggshell, the waste eggshell generated from food processing industries. The obtained anhydrous calcium sulfate or anhydrite has true density, color, specific surface area, pore diameter and particle size equal to 2.95 g/cm3, white powder, 3.57 m2/g, 96.98 Å and 3.983 μm, respectively. In addition, other characteristics, microstructures, phase transformation and physical properties of raw materials and calcium sulfates were investigated and reported here using X-ray fluorescencemeter, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, differential thermal analyzer, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, pycnometer method and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller.
The Controllable Preparation, Properties and Structural Characteristics of Xylitol/Menthol Co-crystals
Authors: Wang Zhanzhong , Zhang Xiao , Chen Boru , Hou Mengna , Liu Tiankuo
Published: May 2017

Xylitol is fast gaining ground over other sugar substitute owing to its high sweeting and low calorie properties. Menthol, a flavor agent, is widely used in food production. However, menthol can easily sublimate, while xylitol has a strong hygroscopicity. In this study, the co-crystals of xylitol with menthol are performed aiming to improve their negative properties. The results indicated that the water activity of co-crystals varies from 0.126 to 0.370. Meanwhile, the hygroscopicity of co-crystals is reduced to some extent compared with xylitol. Differential scanning calorimetry results demonstrated that co-crystals have similar thermal properties. What’s more, co-crystals have nearly identical X-ray diffraction patterns with xylitol. Thus, it is suggested that the microstructure of co-crystals is influenced mostly by the compound with a high ratio. Overall, this study can convey important idea for the development of food new materials, also the control and application based on co-crystallization techniques in food industry.
“I joined the Party to keep ourselves out of the System.” Neo-Pagan Survival Strategies in Socialist Hungary
Authors: Csáji László Koppány
Published: May 2017

The paper presents a Hungarian Ethno-Pagan group (Bolyanest) which was established in 1979, active in and around Budapest. In the early 80s the group was a forum for New Age-like ideas: Gaia cult, esoteric concepts, natural-based peace-campaigns, yoga, Reiki and other theories about nature, love, humanity, human potentials and peace. The author analyses how this group shifted slowly from the New Age to the Neo-Pagan characteristics during the 80s. The group had a complex survival strategy, which contained several conscious and instinctual responses to the communist system. One of these was the use of espionage: having an informer within the police from among their membership to provide reports that were to benefit the movement. Another strategy was that some members joined the Socialist Party to reassure the communist authorities of their loyalty. The Hungarian society considered communism as a field of parallel realities: one was the communist system‘s narratives, and the other was the society‘s private discourses. Beside these, Bolyanest members created a third reality: the group‘s own value-system and narratives. The cognitive ability to alternate between the realities was also an important key to survival.
Nanomaterials for lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen energy
Authors: Stenina Irina A. , Yaroslavtsev Andrey B.
Published: May 2017

Development of alternative energy sources is one of the main trends of modern energy technology. Lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells are the most important among them. The increase in the energy and power density is the essential aspect which determined their future development. We provide a brief review of the state of developments in the field of nanosize electrode materials and electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen energy. The presence of relatively inexpensive and abundant elements, safety and low volume change during the lithium intercalation/deintercalation processes enables the application of lithium iron phosphate and lithium titanate as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. At the same time, they exhibit low ionic and electronic conductivity. To overcome this problem the following main approaches have been applied: use of nanosize materials, including nanocomposites, and heterovalent doping. Their impact in the property change is analyzed and discussed. Hybrid membranes containing inorganic nanoparticles enable a significant progress in the fuel cell development. Different approaches to their preparation, the reasons for ion conductivity and selectivity change, as well as the prospects for their application in low-temperature fuel cells are discussed. This review may provide some useful guidelines for development of advanced materials for lithium ion batteries and fuel cells.
Money supply and inflation dynamics in the Asia-Pacific economies: a time-frequency approach
Authors: Bekiros Stelios , Muzaffar Ahmed T. , Uddin Gazi S. , Vidal-García Javier
Published: May 2017

We examine the relationship between money supply growth and inflation in 3 Asian Economies which are India, Malaysia and Japan using a time-frequency approach. The application of a unified multi-scale analysis allows us to provide a continuous assessment of the link between money supply growth and inflation, unlike most of the existing literature studying this relationship. We also employ a bivariate frequency-domain causality test to determine the nature and direction of interdependence between money supply growth and inflation dynamics. Our findings provide a better understanding of their lead-lag linkages and causal relationship in the selected countries of the Asia-Pacific region.
On the design of a fractal calibration pattern for improved camera calibration
Authors: Schilling Hendrik , Diebold Maximilian , Gutsche Marcel , Jähne Bernd
Published: May 2017

Camera calibration, crucial for computer vision tasks, often relies on planar calibration targets to calibrate the camera parameters. This work describes the design of a planar, fractal, self-identifying calibration pattern, which provides a high density of calibration points for a large range of magnification factors. An evaluation on ground truth data shows that the target provides very high accuracy over a wide range of conditions.
One-pot desilylation-Sonogashira coupling
Authors: Horstmann Jan , Reger Stefanie , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans-Georg , Mitzel Norbert W.
Published: May 2017

Coupling of diethynyldiphenylsilane (1) with aryl halides under Sonogashira conditions affords the symmetrical diarylacetylenes bis(2-methylpyridin-5-yl)acetylene (2), bis(4-fluorophenyl)acetylene (3) and bis(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)acetylene (4) in 60% to 82% yield. In the case of 2, the by-product bis(2-methylpyridin-5-yl)butadiyne (2a) was isolated in 12% yield. The occurring desilylation reaction was investigated by treating bis(phenylethynyl)diphenylsilane (5) under the same conditions. The formation of 1-fluoro-4-(phenylethynyl)benzene (6), 1-trifluoromethyl-4-(phenylethynyl)benzene (7) and (tetrafluoropyridin- 4-yl)ethynylbenzene (8) in 70 to 84% yield and the cleavage of hexaphenylcyclotrisiloxane were observed in all cases.
Bi- and tridentate silicon-based acceptor molecules
Authors: Horstmann Jan , Lamm Jan-Hendrik , Strothmann Till , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans-Georg , Mitzel Norbert W.
Published: May 2017

Triethynylphenylsilane (1), trivinylphenylsilane (2), diethynyldiphenylsilane (3) and diphenyldivinylsilane (4) were reacted with chlorodimethylsilane yielding the corresponding hydrosilylation products. To increase their Lewis acidity, the Si–Cl functions were directly transferred into Si–C6F5 units by salt elimination reactions leading to the (semi-) flexible molecules 5–8 bearing two or three Lewis-acidic sidearms. With the aim of providing host-guest complexes, the air-stable and readily soluble compounds 5–8 were converted with N- and O-Lewis bases of different size and geometry. In all cases, NMR spectroscopic investigations reveal no formation of Lewis acid-base complexes. X-ray diffraction experiments of host compounds 5–7 show intermolecular aryl…perfluoroaryl interactions of dispersion nature in the solid state. By hydrosilylation of 1 with trichlorosilane the more Lewis-acidic all-trans-tris[(trichlorosilyl)vinyl]phenylsilane (9) was obtained. Its Lewis acidity was further increased by fluorination to yield all-trans-tris[(trifluorosilyl)vinyl]phenylsilane (10); the conversion with nitrogen containing Lewis bases ends up in the formation of insoluble precipitates.
From a Classical to a Christian City
Authors: Salzman Michele Renee
Published: May 2017

This paper focuses on the justifications for feeding Rome as a case study for evaluating the transition from a classical model of civic euergetism to one of Christian charity. Civic euergetism, which customarily entails public philanthropy publicly directed toward one's city or fellow citizens, was a social transaction intended to gain personal glory. In Christian charity, the poor were now supposed to be the objects of acts of public giving. Based on my analysis, I propose that scholars who view this transition as either continuity or novel change are adopting flawed models. I offer an alternative model for this transition that stresses the dynamic, on-going interaction of civic euergetism and Christian charity. These two sets of ideas influenced one another even as they remained distinct components of justifications for the feeding of Rome well into the late sixth century.
“They’ve Taken It All Away. The Only Thing Here Is Me”
Authors: Lester Charles
Published: May 2017

In the 1940s and 1950s, Cincinnati’s King Records promoted and recorded artists from a variety of genres including country, rhythm and blues, jazz, and gospel and in doing so paved the way for the emergence of rock ‘n’ roll. In addition to its notable contributions to American music and culture, the company served as a model for integration. The King story is more than worthy of local and national recognition, and in the last couple of decades activists, preservationists, and public historians have attempted a number of initiatives to honor the label’s impact on American society and culture, though not without opposition. In fact, recent preservation and memorialization efforts are currently a matter for the courts.
Thyrotoxicosis leading to adrenal crises reveals primary bilateral adrenal lymphoma
Authors: Roque Catarina , Fonseca Ricardo , Bello Carlos Tavares , Vasconcelos Carlos , Galzerano António , Ramos Sância
Published: May 2017

Primary adrenal lymphoma is a rare malignancy. It frequently presents bilaterally and with symptoms of adrenal insufficiency. Amiodarone may induce secondary organ dysfunction, and thyrotoxicosis develops in 15% of cases. The symptomatology of both conditions is nonspecific, especially in the elderly, and a high suspicion index is necessary for appropriate diagnosis. A 78-year-old female presented to the emergency department with confusion, nausea and vomiting. She had recently been to the emergency department with urinary tract infection, vomiting and acute hypochloremic hyponatremia. Upon re-evaluation, the leukocyturia persisted and because of TSH 0.01 µU/mL and free-T4 68 (10–18) pmol/L, she was admitted to the Endocrinology ward. Further evaluation supported amiodarone-induced thyroiditis type 2. Sepsis ensued, in the setting of nosocomial pneumonia. Hemodynamic instability, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia and vomiting raised the suspicion of adrenocortical insufficiency. Fluid resuscitation and hydrocortisone led to clinical improvement, and adrenal insufficiency was admitted. The thoracoabdominal tomography suggested an endobronchic primary lesion with hepatic and adrenal secondary deposits (6.6 and 7 cm), but this was confirmed neither on pleural effusion nor on bronchofibroscopic fluid analyses. The adrenals were not accessible for biopsy. Despite high-dose hydrocortisone maintenance, the patient died before definite diagnosis. The autopsy confirmed primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Learning points:

Primary adrenal lymphoma is a rare cause of adrenal insufficiency, but progression can be fast and fatal.

Hyperpigmentation is frequently absent.

The presenting symptoms are nonspecific and might mimic infection. Disproportion of the general state with signs of specific organ symptomatology is a diagnostic clue.

Infection may precipitate adrenal crisis and worsen thyroid function with further adrenal insufficiency exacerbation.

In the context of thyrotoxicosis, there may be little clinical response to a therapeutic trial with standard dose glucocorticoids.

High-dose glucocorticoid substitution may be required to achieve clinical stability in thyrotoxic patients.
Factores relacionados con la dinámica del dengue en Guayaquil, basado en tendencias históricas
Authors: Real - Cotto Jhony Joe
Published: May 2017

Introducción. La población de Guayaquil tiene presencia endémico – epidémica del dengue y existen pocos estudios sobre la tendencia histórica de los factores que influyen en el comportamiento. Objetivo. Establecer la tendencia histórica de los factores relacionados en la dinámica del dengue en la ciudad de Guayaquil, durante el período 2008 a 2013. Diseño. Estudio no experimental, tipo longitudinal de tendencia. Lugar. Ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador. Material. Casos de dengue. Método. Se obtuvo información de los casos de dengue, temperatura, humedad y vientos, índice de Breteau y virus circulantes. Principales medidas de resultados. Tendencia histórica de los factores relacionados en la dinámica del dengue. Resultados. La tendencia de más casos fue en las semanas 10 a 24 en los años 2010 y 2012, con dispersión de puntos comparado con la línea de tendencia. Las variables ambientales mostraron hallazgos de humedad por encima del 70% con temperatura altas y escasos vientos pueden provocar condiciones de incrementar la transmisión de la enfermedad. Existen períodos epidemiológicos donde su transmisión disminuye y puede estar relacionado a las temperaturas bajas, humedad relativa y presencia de vientos. Hubo presencia de los 4 serotipos de dengue, con circulación simultánea de los serotipos DEN1, DEN2, y DEN4 durante los últimos 3 años. Conclusiones. La tendencia histórica del dengue evidencia la presencia de la enfermedad durante todo el año, teniendo períodos y años de variabilidad en su incidencia. Los factores de temperatura, humedad, vientos e índice de Breteau presentaron más casos en los 2 primeros períodos de cada año. La tendencia polinómica fue del 63,3%, considerándose fiable sobre el incremento de casos en la proyección al 2017.
Situación epidemiológica del virus zika
Authors: González Collantes Sofía
Published: May 2017

El virus zika fue aislado por primera vez en 1947, en el bosque Zika, en Uganda, en un mono Rhesus, durante un estudio sobre la transmisión de la fiebre amarilla selvática. En 2007 ocurrió el primer brote importante de la infección en la Isla de Yap en la Micronesia; y a finales de 2013 se inició un brote en la Polinesia Francesa. En mayo de 2015 se registró por primera vez su circulación autóctona en América continental (Brasil). A la fecha 47 países/territorios de las Américas han confirmado casos autóctonos de la infección, habiéndose reportado en el Perú casos en seis departamentos. A comienzos de 2016, siete países o territorios notificaron un aumento de la incidencia de casos de microcefalia tras la aparición de un brote de la infección por el virus zika. A nivel mundial, 23 países o territorios han notificado casos de microcefalia y otras malformaciones del sistema nervioso central posiblemente asociadas a la infección por el virus zika; y en la Región Andina solo Colombia ha presentado casos confirmados. En la Polinesia francesa, durante el brote de zika ocurrido en el 2013-2014, se identificaron 42 casos del síndrome de Guillain-Barré, de los cuales 88% presentaron una enfermedad compatible con la infección por el virus zika. A inicios de 2016, en el contexto de los brotes de la infección por el virus zika. Brasil, Colombia, El Salvador, Surinam y Venezuela notificaron un aumento del síndrome de Guillain Barré.
Información para los Autores - Actualización 2017 (Español, Inglés, Portugués)
Authors: Pacheco Romero José
Published: May 2017

Anales de la Facultad de Medicina es la publicación oficial de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, destinada a la difusión de asuntos de educación, investigación, y temas relacionados a la práctica médica, a la enseñanza universitaria, y al mejoramiento de la Salud Pública.
Vladimir Mayakovski and Demian Biedny: Literature as an Instrument of Propaganda on the Example of Polish–Soviet War 1919–1921
Authors: Ceglarek Michał
Published: May 2017

The year 1920 saw the shaping and crystallisation of stylistic and literary-ideological canon regarding the dispute about Bolshevik Russia’s place in European civilisation. The sides of the Polish-Soviet conflict are in possession of a large arsenal of tropes and rhetorical figures, routinely used in printed sources, occasional publications, posters, caricatures, postcards and all kinds of gadgets. Particular attention was dedicated to the creation of massive weapon of “war on paper and canvas”, i.e. to propaganda and ideological proselytism. A propaganda war was imposed upon Poland prior to the armed conflict. The political weapons deployed by the Russia of Lenin and Trotsky – violent agitation and propaganda aimed against the “White Poles” and favouring “Soviet Poland” – significantly supported military efforts and political-diplomatic campaign. The numerous activists and artists engaged in the anti-Polish propaganda of the period included the especially noteworthy Vladimir Mayakovsky, Demian Biedny, Viktor Deni and Izaac Babel. Their bellicose poems and, in the case of the latter, satirical drawings incomparably kindled the will to struggle against the “White Poland”. Soviet propagandists regarded the Polish-Soviet war as a testing ground, with the experiments proving useful for planning future undertakings.
Old Polish Discourse on the Sacred and the Profane in the Moral-religious Guide-book, Titled “Tobias the Pious and Diligent Host” (1647)
Authors: Krzysztofik Małgorzata
Published: May 2017

The article is devoted to the interpretation of the discourse on the sacred and the profane in anonymous moral-religious guidebook titled Tobiasz pobożny i gospodarz dozorny (Tobias the Pious and Diligent Host), published in Krakow in 1647. The author analyses everyday human life and its basic aspects, continually confronting them with the Bible.

This gives an excellent example of intermingling of two spheres of existence in everyday life, in Old Polish literature, i.e. the sacred and the profane. For this reason, the following research objectives are set out: to select those aspects of reality that, in the mentality of the author, belong to the realm of the sacred, and those that are specific to the area of the profane. The phenomenon of persuasive sacralisation of everyday life, the essence of which is to impart sacred aspects to non-sacred phenomena of existence are described, and the methods of entering into the relationship with the sacred, presented in the text are discussed. The author believes that the persuasion presented in Tobias the Pious, established in religious-ontological discourse, is intended for sacralisation of the profane sphere.
Letters of Maria Kuncewiczowa to Her Late Husband
Authors: Wzorek Anna
Published: May 2017

The article discusses the last book of Maria Kuncewiczowa – a set of twenty-three letters (provided with a postscript) addressed to her deceased husband. The uniqueness of this correspondence, presented in literary form, lies in the fact that the recipient is dead, treated by the sender as someone constantly present in the real world and still associated with the temporality. Listy do Jerzego (Letters to Jerzy) are – as Tadeusz Swat, one of the reviewers say – “an attempt at denial of death, to save Jerzy by love, memory, and literature.”The analysis of the work highlights the occurring axiological categories. It has been demonstrated that Letters to Jerzy is a book about eternal love reaching beyond the grave (in this respect, in stark contrast with Tristan 1946), felt with dignity of old age, and finally transcending into faith. Letters to Jerzy is also an attempt to reduce the suffering of the writer over the loss of her beloved husband. To some extent, therefore, they correspond to her earlier work Cudzoziemka (Foreigner) in which Kuncewiczowa liberates from the negative emotions associated with the death of her mother.
A Textbook for Foreign Philology Students: in Simple Words on the Complicated
Authors: Shvec Anna
Published: May 2017

КЛИМКИНА, О. И., 2015. Введение в языкознание: Cистематизирующий курс для иностранных студентов-филологов. Киев: Издательско-полиграфический центр «Киевский университет». 238 с.
Tendencias y dilemas de la individuación y la subjetivación en Colombia
Authors: Hernández López Rogelio A.
Published: May 2017

El punto de partida de la reflexión es la puesta en escena y en entredicho de las respuestas clásicas a la pregunta, qué es, o qué estudia la sociología; reflexión que tiene como fundamento el tímido reconocimiento que los clásicos le dieron al individuo como elemento configurativo expreso del objeto de estudio de la disciplina. Con ello, y previo rastreo de ciertas expresiones conductuales que fundamentan la pertinencia del contemporáneo análisis sociológico del individuo, se pone de relieve el sentido de lo que hoy se entiende por individuación y subjetivación, construcciones conceptuales, resultado del proceso de maduración de la sociología en lo que a la captación y caracterización de las mutaciones sociales se refiere. Así mismo, y posterior a ciertos lineamientosy fundamentos epistemológicos que asumimos son propios de las microsociologías entre ellas la sociología del individuo, se entra a analizar el cómo se da el juego aplicativo de este enfoque para luego entrar en la disquisición de lo que llamamos el extraño maridaje entre modernidad y colonialidad, y su incidencia como razón histórica del por qué la individuación en sociedades como la colombiana se ha dado en forma estratificada y con disimilitudes temporales, caso concreto, elreconocimiento de la ciudadanía.
La imagen en la creación de medios de enseñanza con las TIC
Authors: Cordoví Díaz Fidel
Published: May 2017

El uso de las TIC en diversas variantes dentro del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje se ha extendido y convertido en objeto de estudio.La imagen como vía de transmisión de conocimientos es un instrumento poderoso por las posibilidades didácticas que brinda. Las nuevas herramientas tecnológicas traen consigo la necesidad de adquirir nuevos saberes tanto en lo metodológico como en el manejo de las aplicaciones de edición de imagen. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar vías para incentivar en nuestros profesores el uso de las TIC para crear medios de enseñanza, materializado en un software educativo para la educación artística.
COAL DUST EMISSION PROBLEM
Authors: Biliaiev M. M. , Oladipo M. O.
Published: May 2017

Purpose. The article aims to develop 2D numerical models for the prediction of atmospheric pollution during transportation of coal in the railway car, as well as the ways to protect the environment and the areas near to the mainline from the dust emission due to the air injection installation. Methodology. To solve this problem there were developed numerical models based on the use of the equations of motion of an inviscid incompressible fluid and mass transfer. For the numerical integration of the transport equation of the pollutant the implicit alternating-triangular difference scheme was used. For numerical integration of the 2D equation for the velocity potential the method of total approximation was used. The developed numerical models are the basis of established software package. On the basis of the constructed numerical models it was carried out a computational experiment to assess the level of air pollution when transporting bulk cargo by rail when the railway car has the air injection. Findings. 2D numerical models that belong to the class «diagnostic models» were developed. These models take into account the main physical factors affecting the process of dispersion of dust pollution in the atmosphere during transportation of bulk cargo. The developed numerical models make it possible to calculate the dust loss process, taking into account the use of the air injection of the car. They require a small cost of the computer time during practical realization at the low and medium power machines. There were submitted computational calculations to determine pollutant concentrations and the formation of the zone of pollution near the train with bulk cargo in «microscale» scale taking into account the air curtains. Originality. 2D numerical models taking into account the relevant factors influencing the process of dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere, and the formation of the zone of pollution during transportation of bulk cargo by rail were created. A way to protect the atmosphere from pollution during the emission of bulk cargoes from the rail car, which is based on the principle of the air injection, was developed. Practical value. The efficient numerical models which can be used in the development of environmental protection measures in the operation of railway transport were considered. The proposed model allows calculating 2D dynamics of wind flow, taking into account the installed air injection, and mass transfer process of pollutants in the atmosphere.
NUMERICAL PREDICTION MODELS FOR AIR POLLUTION BY MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSIONS
Authors: Biliaiev M. M. , Slavinska O. S. , Kyrychenko R. V.
Published: May 2017

Purpose. Scientific work involves: 1) development of 3D numerical models that allow calculating the process of air pollution by motor vehicles emissions; 2) creation of models which would allow predicting the air pollution level in urban areas. Methodology. To solve the problem upon assessing the level of air pollution by motor vehicles emissions fundamental equations of aerodynamics and mass transfer are used. For the solution of differential equations of aerodynamics and mass transfer finite-difference methods are used. For the numerical integration of the equation for the velocity potential the method of conditional approximations is applied. The equation for the velocity potential written in differential form, splits into two equations, where at each step of splitting an unknown value of the velocity potential is determined by an explicit scheme of running computation, while the difference scheme is implicit one. For the numerical integration of the emissions dispersion equation in the atmosphere applies the implicit alternating-triangular difference scheme of splitting. Emissions from the road are modeled by a series of point sources of given intensity. Developed numerical models form is the basis of the created software package. Findings. 3D numerical models were developed; they belong to the class of «diagnostic models». These models take into account main physical factors that influence the process of dispersion of harmful substances in the atmosphere when emissions from vehicles in the city occur. Based on the constructed numerical models the computational experiment was conducted to assess the level of air pollution in the street. Originality. Authors have developed numerical models that allow to calculate the 3D aerodynamics of the wind flow in urban areas and the process of mass transfer emissions from the highway. Calculations to determine the area of contamination, which is formed near the buildings, located along the highway were carried out. Practical value. Efficient numerical models that can be applied when developing activities for environmental protection in the operation of road transport in the city. The developed models allow to estimate the size, shape, and intensity of the contamination zone near the highway.
DEVELOPMENT OF PASSENGER TRAFFIC SERVICE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF RAILWAY ENTERPRISES
Authors: Rudenko M. V.
Published: May 2017

Purpose. At the present stage of development of Ukraine’s economy, passenger traffic service quality management of railway enterprises became one of the main tasks to ensure their efficient operation. In terms of railway re-forms and increased competition in the transport market, the discrepancies between the technological level of traffic and the growing needs of society and the quality standards of transport services, the priority is the establishment of quality management system for passenger traffic services in rail transport. This question should be considered in the paper. Methodology. To achieve this goal and ensure a high quality level of passenger traffic services in rail trans-port, which involves a combination of approaches to the position of consumers (determination of their satisfaction) and railway enterprises (measurement of results and formation processes of service quality), the paper proposed a passenger traffic service quality management system. The proposed methodical approach to formation of the passenger traffic service quality management system in rail transport implements a principally new scheme of interaction of elements during provision of services, where the inter-related resources (human, material, financial, information), means, instruments and processes result in creation of quality transport service. Findings. The efficiency of the passenger traffic service quality management system allows detecting the dynamic of improvement of the services provided by the railway enterprises and building the system which is self-learning on the principles of continuous improvement. The paper grounded new principles of the passenger traffic quality management, which were formed on the basis of general management principles, quality management principles and railway transport management principles. Originality. The work presents the developed passenger traffic service quality management system targeted to meet the expectations of passengers from transport process while taking into account the economic interests of railway enterprises. The basis of this system is conceptual principles, namely, goal, objectives, subject, object, principles, functions and practical recommendations, which generally determine the relationship of the basic elements of the passenger traffic service quality management in rail transport. Practical value. The practical value of the obtained by the author results is that their implementation will enable railway enterprises to forecast the improvement of service quality level, taking into account their specific features and create solutions for control and regulation of processes and passenger traffic service quality effects. The theoretical and methodological provisions may be used in the formation, operation and improvement of the quality management system for passenger traffic services in rail transport.
Identidades erosionadas: Literaturas latinoamericanas, de la espacialidad ontológica a la atopía
Authors: Maíz Claudio Gustavo
Published: May 2017

RESUMEN En el presente trabajo pretendemos realizar un recorrido en torno a la identidad en América Latina desde el siglo XIX al XXI. Para ello nos valemos de las expresiones literarias, pero también de los contextos en los que identidad, literatura y nación — el otro pilar importante para nuestros objetivos- entran en relación o cambia la importancia de algunos de estos componentes . Desde una identidad ontológica hasta otra que se desentiende del espacio, la cultura latinaomericana ha dejado de ser una entidad homogénea para dar paso a un espacio fluido o ya olvidado. Intentaremos demostrar que aquellas identidades de carácter totalizante y ontologizadas han quedado en el pasado. Las nuevas identidades se multiplicaron porque hubo una desconexión entre ellas yel espacio o el lugar. Como consecuencia hubo una visibilización de las identidades étnicas, sexuales, ecológicas y tantas otras. El espacio y la tradición han dejado de ser los marcos referenciales para sentirse idénticos. A menor identidad, mayor parece ser el impulso por sentirse parte del mundo.
COMBUSTION OF BIOMASS AND CHARCOAL MADE FROM BABASSU NUTSHELL
Authors: Protásio Thiago de Paula , Guimarães Junior Mario , Mirmehdi Seyedmohammad , Trugilho Paulo Fernando , Napoli Alfredo , Knovack Kátia Monteiro
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT In recent years, studies have examined the use of lignocellulosic wastes for energy generation. However, there is a lack of information on the combustibility of the residual biomass, especially the bark and charcoal of babassu nut. In this study, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to achieve the following objectives: to evaluate the combustion of the residual biomass from the babassu nut; to evaluate the combustion of charcoal produced from this biomass, considering different final carbonization temperatures; and to determine the effect of the final carbonization temperature on the thermal stability of charcoal and on its performance in combustion. Thermal analyses were performed in synthetic air. In order to evaluate the characteristics of charcoal combustion and fresh biomass, the ignition temperature (Ti), the burnout temperature (Tf), characteristic combustion index (S), ignition index (Di), time corresponding to the maximum combustion rate (tp), and ignition time (tig) were considered. The combustion of the babassu nutshell occurred in three phases and it was observed that this lignocellulosic material is suitable for the direct generation of heat. The increase in the final carbonization temperature caused an increase in the ignition temperature, as well as in the burnout temperature, the ignition time and the time corresponding to the maximum combustion rate. The results indicate that the increase in the carbonization temperature causes a decrease in combustion reactivity and, consequently, the charcoals produced at lower temperatures are easier to ignite and exhibit better performance in ignition.
HYDROLOGIC IMPACTS DUE TO THE CHANGES IN RIPARIAN BUFFER IN A HEADWATER WATERSHED
Authors: Alvarenga Lívia Alves , Mello Carlos Rogério de , Colombo Alberto , Cuartas Luz Adriana
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT In recent years, concerns regarding the impacts of deforestation of riparian vegetation on water resources have created social and political tensions in Brazil. This research analyzed simulated hydrologic components of a 6.76 km2 headwater watershed with different widths of riparian vegetation. Lavrinha Watershed (LW) hydrological responses were simulated using the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM), which was forced using meteorological data from one station (2005-2010). Land cover scenarios where the percent land cover of Atlantic Forest was increased from the control resulted in changes in hydrologic components in the watershed due to increased evapotranspiration and rainfall interception and reduced runoff and overland flow. The base flow/runoff relationship has increased, suggesting that riparian vegetation plays an important role in groundwater recharge. Modeling of hydrologic components linked to riparian buffer scenarios, such as the process used in this study, can be a useful tool for decision-making strategies regarding watershed management.
CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL COVER
Authors: Novak Elaine , Carvalho Laércio Alves , Santiago Etenaldo Felipe , Portilho Irzo Isaac Rosa
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT A challenge for the environmental recovery of degraded areas is the search for soil data. In this process, the microbiological parameters and soil chemicals are potential indicators of soil quality. This study aimed to evaluate soil quality based on microbiological and chemical soil attributes in different areas involving environmental recovery, sugarcane cultivation and remnants of native vegetation located in a rural private property farm in State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in Hapludox Eutrophic soil. The microbiological (microbial biomass carbon, basal respiration, microbial quotient and metabolic quotient) and chemical parameters (organic matter, carbon, pH, cationic exchange capacity, sum of bases, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, saturation base and potential acidity) were assessed. Data were assessed by variance and multivariate analysis (Principal Component Analysis and cluster analysis). Overall, the results showed highest alteration in the chemical and microbiological characteristics of the soil in sugarcane cultivation area in comparison with other areas. Considering the studied recovery areas, REC1, REC5 and REC7 show chemical and microbiological conditions with most similarity to native vegetation. Despite the short period of the resilience enhancement of environmental recovery areas, the development of vegetation cover and establishment of the microbial community were determined to be important factors for improving soil quality and environmental recovery in several of the areas studied.
CONTRASTING LEVELS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG POPULATIONS OF THE ENDANGERED TROPICAL PALM EUTERPE EDULIS MARTIUS
Authors: Konzen Enéas Ricardo , Martins Maisa Pimentel
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT Euterpe edulis is a tropical species that produces the heart of palm, an edible product of high economic importance. However, its natural populations have been severely threatened by unrestricted exploitation, along with the destruction of its natural biome, the Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil. In this work, we examined the genetic diversity status of five natural populations using isozyme markers. Despite their limitations and replacement by DNA-based markers, isozymes are codominant markers that reveal accurate estimates of genetic diversity and structure patterns, as do microsatellites. Six informative isozyme markers were used to analyze the genetic variability of populations located in different areas of the Atlantic Forest (Ombrophilous Dense Forest and Seasonal Forest), and with different degrees of perturbation. Mean genetic diversity for all populations (Ho = 0.172, for 13 loci) was considered low for a tropical species, even for the markers used. Populations from Ombrophilous Dense Forest at the very South limit of distribution of the heart of palm presented the lowest genetic variability (Ho = 0.141), which is clearly observed from the allele frequencies, and might implicate in less adaptive potential in a scenario of climate change. On the contrary, the Seasonal Forest population presented the highest diversity (Ho = 0.237). It comprises one of the largest remaining reservoirs of heart of palm and maybe of its genetic variability. The contrasting levels of genetic diversity encountered in this study rehash the constant need of monitoring and conserving the current genetic diversity of E. edulis populations, as well as exploring strategies for its breeding.
Mimosa scabrella BENTH. (FABACEAE) ENHANCES THE RESTORATION IN COAL MINING AREAS IN THE ATLANTIC RAINFOREST
Authors: Citadini-Zanette Vanilde , Negrelle Raquel R. B. , Leal-Filho Laurindo Salles , Remor Ronaldo , Elias Guilherme Alves , Santos Robson
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT A Pilot Reclamation Project (PRP) was developed in 1982 by the Environmental Protection Agency of the State of Santa Catarina-Brazil, with the objective to evaluating the adaptation of woody species to a land degraded by coal mining. After a full topographic reconstitution of the landscape, addition of nutrient load and sowing of herbaceous species, the area was split into 12 plots in which seedlings of 12 tree species were planted: three native trees [Bastardiopsis densiflora (Hook. & Arn.) Hassl., Mimosa scabrella Benth., Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Blake] and nine exotic species [Eucalyptus saligna Sm., E. viminalis Labill., E. citriodora Hook., Grevillea hilliana F.Muell., Hovenia dulcis Thunb, Melia azedarach L., Pinus elliottii Engelm., P. taeda L., Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels]. After 22 years, from the beginning of the PRP, the exotic species presented higher percentage of survival than native species; the plots which received either B. densiflora and S. parahyba or were covered only with herbaceous vegetation associated with solely a few shrubs. Conversely, the plots which received seedlings of M. scabrella displayed clear evidence of restoration in progress. The study conducted in plots that have received M. scabrella indicate an improvement of nutrient load (N, K, organic matter) in the substrate, a diversified composition of tree coverage (very similar to the nearby remnants of the Atlantic Rainforest) and other life forms, with prominent establishment of native trees with predominance of zoophilous and zoochorous species. Some characteristics of M. scabrella that could explain its outstanding capacity to enhance the restoration of the Atlantic Rainforest are also discussed along this paper.
BIOETHANOL POTENTIAL FROM HIGH DENSITY SHORT ROTATION WOODY CROPS ON MARGINAL LANDS IN CENTRAL CHILE
Authors: Acuña Eduardo , Cancino Jorge , Rubilar Rafael , Parra Carolina
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT Cellulosic ethanol is one of the most important biotechnological products to mitigate the consumption of fossil fuels and to increase the use of renewable resources for fuels and chemicals. Short rotation woody crops (SRWC) have been proposed as the most promising raw material for cellulosic ethanol production, as a result of its several advantages over traditional crops. In order to analyze the potential as crops for lignocellulosic bioethanol production in Chile, SRWC were established with the following species: Acacia melanoxylon, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens. These crops were established in two contrasting environments and in three plantation densities. The average theoretical ethanol yield at 48 months reached 395.9 L.t-1 for A. melanoxylon, 348.7 L.t-1 for E. camaldulensis, and 363.9 L t-1 for E. nitens. It can be concluded that there are significant differences in polysaccharides yield between species and time. On the other hand, significant differences were found between environments. In conclusion, this study has shown that the choice of SRWC species used as a source of polysaccharides must take into account the percentage content in biomass and, crucially, the species, planting density, harvest cycle and site must be carefully selected to ensure a high biomass yield per unit area.
GEOSTATISTICAL MODELING OF TIMBER VOLUME SPATIAL VARIABILITY FOR Tectona grandis L. F. PRECISION FORESTRY
Authors: Pelissari Allan Libanio , Roveda Marcelo , Caldeira Sidney Fernando , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto , Corte Ana Paula Dalla , Rodrigues Carla Krulikowski
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT Considering the hypothesis that the wood volumes present spatial dependence, whose knowledge contributes for the precision forestry, the aim of this work was to estimate the volume spatial variability for timber assortments and identify their spatial patterns on Tectona grandis stands. A dataset of 1,038 trees was used to fit taper models and estimate the total stem, sawlog, and firewood volumes in 273 plots allocated on T. grandis stands at eight years old, which represents the second thinning that enables commercial volumes. Semivariograms models was applied to fit the spatial dependence, and punctual kriging was used to compose volume maps. Geostatistical modeling allowed us to estimate the T. grandis spatial variability and develop timber volume maps. Thus, silvicultural treatments, such as thinning and pruning, as well as for planning spatial interventions, are possible to be recommended for aimed wood products.
Autonomia, Responsividade/Exigência e Legitimidade da Autoridade Parental: Perspectiva de Pais e Adolescentes
Authors: Barbosa Paola Vargas , Neumann Angélica Paula , Alves Cássia Ferrazza , Teixeira Marco Antônio Pereira , Wagner Adriana
Published: May 2017

Resumo Este estudo comparou a avaliação de pais e filhos sobre as variáveis Autonomia Adolescente, Responsividade e Exigência dos Pais e Legitimidade da Autoridade Parental. Participaram 36 pais ou responsáveis e seus filhos adolescentes. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Estilos Parentais, o Questionário de Autonomia e o Questionário de Legitimidade da Autoridade Parental. Realizaram-se análises descritivas e inferenciais. Os resultados denotaram níveis médios de autonomia adolescente e altos de Responsividade e Exigência Parental. Foram encontradas, porém, diferenças nas percepções de pais e filhos quanto ao nível de autonomia dos adolescentes, à responsividade e exigência dos pais e à atribuição de legitimidade da autoridade parental. Os resultados ilustram a dinâmica do desenvolvimento da autonomia em uma amostra de participantes de nível socioeconômico médio a alto e com bons níveis de relacionamento familiar. Evidencia-se a importância do equilíbrio entre afetividade e exigência na dinâmica familiar para o desenvolvimento da autonomia adolescente.
Prova de Nomeação Rápida de Figuras para Crianças: Evidências de Validade e Normas Intragrupo
Authors: Lúcio Patrícia Silva , Kida Adriana Batista de Souza , Carvalho Carolina Alves Ferreira de , Cogo-Moreira Hugo , Avila Clara Regina Brandão de
Published: May 2017

Resumo A nomeação seriada rápida é utilizada para avaliar o acesso lexical. O trabalho relata um estudo de validação e normas para a Prova de Nomeação Rápida, composta por seis figuras que se repetem aleatoriamente em dois cartões (Parte A e Parte B). Uma amostra representativa de alunos do 2o ao 5o ano do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas e particulares de São Paulo-SP (N = 728) respondeu à Prova de Nomeação e realizou uma tarefa de leitura de palavras. O tempo de execução e o número de acertos foram computados. Conforme esperado: (1) ocorreu efeito de escolaridade para o tempo de execução e precisão; (2) houve menor precisão e maior tempo de execução para a Parte B; (3) as duas partes apresentaram correlações estatisticamente significantes (p < 0,05); (4) o tempo de execução e a precisão foram preditores da leitura. Os resultados fornecem evidências de validade para a tarefa criada.