bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surface Electromyography for the Diagnosis of Tremor Syndrome: A Study of 97 Patients
Authors: Gulati Kartika , Pandey Sanjay
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives:

Tremor is one of the most frequent movement disorders encountered in clinical practice with heterogeneous phenomenology and etiology. Surface electromyography (SEMG) is a noninvasive and reproducible test that can diagnose tremor syndromes.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, the clinical and electrophysiologic records of 97 consecutive patients with tremor syndromes who visited our movement disorder clinic between January 2023 and March 2024 were examined.

Results:

In our study, 28.8% (n = 28) of patients were of essential tremor (ET) syndrome. SEMG of ET syndrome patients showed synchronous bursts in 71.4% (n = 20), alternating bursts in 10.7% (n = 3), synchronous bursts with co-contraction of agonist and antagonist muscles in 10.7% (n = 3), and both synchronous and alternating bursts in 3.6% (n = 1) of patients. Tremor–ataxia syndrome formed 21.6% (n = 21) of our study population, with 71.4% (n = 15) of patients showing synchronous bursts and co-contraction and 28.6% (n = 6) patients having alternating bursts. Moreover, 12.3% (n = 12) patients were of parkinsonian tremor, of whom alternating bursts were present in 75% (n = 9) and synchronous bursts with co-contraction were present in 25% (n = 3) of patients. In addition, 11.3% (n = 11) of patients had dystonic tremor (DT), of whom 81.8% (n = 9) had synchronous bursts and co-contraction and 18.2% (n = 2) had alternating bursts.

Conclusions:

Synchronous bursts with co-contraction suggestive of DT were observed in most patients with tremor–ataxia syndrome and a small number of patients with ET syndrome. Our data suggests that SEMG helps differentiate these two clinical syndromes, which is difficult in a clinical setting.
The Effect of Different Obturation Techniques on the Sealing Ability of Root Canal Filling Materials
Authors: Lakshmi Regula Sri , Das Bhaskar , Jadhav Apurva , Haridas Harsha , Murugesan Sabari , Subramani Savadamoorthi Kamatchi
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The performance of root canal filling materials in sealing is crucial for the effectiveness of endodontic procedures as it prevents the escape of microorganisms and guarantees the durability of the treatment.

Materials and Methods:

The present in vitro investigation included the preparation of 90 human single-rooted teeth using a standardized process. These teeth were then randomly separated into three groups (n = 30) according to the obturation technique: Group A (Lateral Compaction), Group B (Thermafil), and Group C (Continuous Wave of Condensation). Furthermore, each group was separated into two subgroups based on the specific kind of root canal filling material employed: Subgroup 1 (Gutta-Percha) and Subgroup 2 (Resilon). The sealing capacity was evaluated using a dye penetration technique, with measurements conducted at three specific time intervals: 24 hours, 1 week, and 4 weeks after the obturation process. Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using analysis of variance and post hoc tests to identify significant differences across groups.

Results:

The findings showed that the Continuous Wave of Condensation method (Group C) had the lowest dye penetration, with an average depth of penetration of 1.2 mm. The Thermafil technique (Group B) followed closely with a penetration depth of 1.8 mm, while the Lateral Compaction technique (Group A) achieved a penetration depth of 2.5 mm. In terms of sealing ability, Gutta-Percha demonstrated superior performance compared to Resilon, achieving average penetration depths of 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively. Statistical analysis showed statistically significant differences between the groups (P < 0.05), with the Continuous Wave of Condensation approach utilizing Gutta-Percha showing the highest level of sealing effectiveness.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the Continuous Wave of Condensation approach showed a substantial improvement in the sealing efficacy of root canal fillings when compared to the Lateral Compaction and Thermafil procedures.
Stem Cells: Innovations, Applications, and Future Directions
Authors: Kaur Tejaspreet , Khan Nazia , Pasha Zameer , Bhat Ramdas , Virupakshappa Deepti , Bharisharanesha Rajashekhara , Kashwani Ritik
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Stem cells offer great promise in dentistry by regenerating critical oral tissues. Derived from sources such as dental pulp, periodontal ligament, and dental follicle, these cells can be pluripotent or multipotent and are capable of differentiating into various cell types, including odontoblasts and osteoblasts. This regenerative potential could transform treatments for dental conditions like periodontal disease and pulpitis. Advancing this field requires understanding stem cell differentiation and exploring tissue engineering and biomaterial scaffolds. Despite the potential, evolving legal and ethical issues shape the integration of these innovations. Research in dental stem cells represents a significant advance in regenerative medicine, promising to enhance dental treatments and patient care.
Antidiabetic Potential of Hylocereus Polyrhizus and Hylocereus Megalanthus Fruit Peel: An In vitro Study
Authors: Alhodieb Fahad Saad.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition affecting mainly carbohydrate metabolism. Dragon fruit is a commonly consumed fruit in Asia-pacific countries, with reported anti-diabetic potential.

Objectives:

The presents study explores the use of dragon fruit peel as an anti-diabetic supplement.

Materials And Method:

Fruit peels from two varieties (Red and Yellow) were evaluated for their ability to absorb glucose, inhibit glucose diffusion, and inhibit starch digestion using in vitro models.

Result:

Both red and yellow dragon fruit peel powder samples decreased starch digestion significantly compared to wheat bran and inhibited glucose diffusion, as indicated by the glucose dialysis retardation index (GDRI) values.

Conclusion:

The findings of the study indicate that both red and yellow dragon fruit peel possesses significant antidiabetic potential.
Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Radiology: Recent Insights and Advances
Authors: Alkhalifah Bassam
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) continues a critical concern in the realm of radiology, necessitating constant updates and insights to inform clinical practices. This comprehensive literature review explores the latest advancements and research trends surrounding CI-AKI, shedding light on its multifaceted complexities. By amalgamating the latest findings, this review not only enhances the current knowledge base but also acts as a guiding beacon for healthcare professionals. Ultimately, the insights presented here serve as a valuable resource, fostering continuous improvements in CI-AKI prevention, patient safety, and the overall efficacy of radiological interventions.
Management of Burn Wound in Diabetic Old Patient with Panchagavya Formulations – A Case Report
Authors: Sawarkar Punam , Raut Damini , Bhojarj Nandini , Sawarkar Gaurav
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Burn injuries are often prevalent and among the most catastrophic injuries encountered in casualty or surgery departments, involving skin and other tissues. These injuries typically result from heat sources such as solids, liquids, or fire, while scalds arise from hot liquids, electricity, chemicals, cold, friction, or radiation. Despite varying causes, the male-female ratio of burn cases remains consistent. In India, the annual incidence of burns is estimated at six to seven million. Topical antimicrobial agents are crucial for treatment. This case study focuses on an 83-year-old woman with acute burn wounds on her right leg and abdomen, accompanied by pain, discharge, foul odor, edema, and skin discoloration. Treatment involved Panchagavya Chikitsa, utilizing local applications of Gomutra twice daily for wound cleaning and Jatyadi Ghrita twice daily for wound healing over 60 days. Additionally, 15 ml of Gomutra Arka was administered internally twice daily for 15 days. Significant improvements were observed, including complete wound healing and associated symptom resolution. The positive outcomes may be attributed to the local and systemic effects of Gomutra, Jatyadi Ghrita, and Gomutra Arka, which possess antimicrobial, antiseptic, scrapping, and wound-healing properties. The findings suggest that Panchagavya formulations effectively and safely manage burn wounds, even in geriatric patients. Jatyadi Ghrita and Gomutra demonstrated promising results without causing adverse effects in this case.
Effective Ayurvedic Treatment of Pilonidal Sinus using Udumber Ksheer Sutra: A Case Study
Authors: Prajapati Harshadkumar , Pardhekar Ashvini D. , Pardhekar Abhilash , Davkare Manisha
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Pilonidal sinus, also known as “jeep bottom,” is common among people who sit a lot, such as cab drivers. It mostly affects men and young adults and is associated with thick hair. Surgical techniques are available for treatment, but the condition has a relatively high recurrence rate. The Kshara Sutra method described in the Sushruta Samhita offers a minimally invasive treatment option. Pilonidal disease is estimated to affect about 26 out of every 100,000 persons, with around 0.7% of people affected. This study focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of patients who have Naadi Vrana (Pilonidal Sinus) using Udumber Ksheer Sutra. The Kshara Sutra is a minimally invasive, cost-effective technique with a low recurrence rate for treating pilonidal sinus. Udumber Ksheer Sutra management has also proven to be beneficial as a curative therapy for the pilonidal sinus.
Comparison of Bacterial Adherence on Different Archwires after Clinical Use
Authors: Ashique Abdulhameed Syed , Mude Nakul N. , Chandrasekaran Divya , Goswami Dwijesh S. , Almutairi Omar Naif , Manimegalan Priya
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

An essential component of orthodontic therapy, orthodontic archwires may operate as surfaces for bacterial adhesion, which might result in issues with oral health.

Materials and Methods:

This study assessed the bacterial adhesion to three different kinds of orthodontic archwires: beta-titanium (TMA), nickel-titanium (NiTi), and stainless steel (SS). At the conclusion of the clinical usage period, samples of each kind of archwire were gathered and submitted to microbiological investigation in order to determine the quantity of adhering bacterial colonies. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the surface properties of the archwires were evaluated after usage.

Results:

The three kinds of archwires had significantly different rates of bacterial adhesion, according to the findings. With an average of 1500 ± 50 CFU/mm2, SS archwires showed the highest level of bacterial adhesion, followed by NiTi archwires at 1100 ± 45 CFU/mm2. The least amount of bacteria adhered to TMA archwires, with an average of 800 ± 30 CFU/mm2. According to SEM pictures, the degree of bacterial adhesion was associated with the archwires’ surface roughness, with smoother surfaces showing less bacterial colonization.

Conclusion:

In comparison with SS and NiTi archwires, the research finds that TMA archwires are linked to the least amount of bacterial adhesion.
Rare and first case report of a diffused cutaneous leishmaniasis from Uttar Pradesh state, India
Authors: Khan Hasmatullah , Singh Vindu Prakash , Dwivedi Gaurav Raj , Mishra Ayush , Mishra Nalini
Published: November 2024

Kala-azar is common in Bihar and some bordering areas of Uttar Pradesh but cutaneous, diffused and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is not yet reported in areas of Uttar Pradesh, India. A rare case of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis was reported from a resident of Karaundi village of Deoria district, with no history of travelling to endemic areas with this disease. The present case report raises the alarm for the presence of this disease in this region and also it raises the question of whether the vector is present with compatibility to carry this parasite as well which has not been reported till present. Future molecular diagnosis and vector studies are required to confirm this and also to prevent future outbreaks.
Determination of the Mineral Content, Phytochemical Properties, and the Antimicrobial Properties of the Seed Extracts of Carica papaya on some Clinical Isolates
Authors: Udinyiwe Osayamen Collins , Omoregie Andrew Edosa
Published: November 2024

Medicinal plants are common in our environment and have been useful in traditional medicine. The present study was conducted to evaluate the mineral content, the phytochemical, and antimicrobial properties of Carica papaya seed extracts on clinical isolates. The C. papaya seeds were sourced from fruits sellers from the Ekosodin community in Ovia North East Local Government, Benin City, Edo State. The seeds were air-dried for 14 days. The extract was obtained by maceration using distilled water and ethanol as solvents. The results of the mineral composition for both aqueous and ethanolic extracts indicated that sodium, potassium, calcium, zinc, copper, phosphorus, nitrogen, chromium, and iron were present. The phytochemical screening for both aqueous and ethanolic extracts indicated the presence of compounds such as saponins, phenolics, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The antimicrobial assay revealed that C. papaya seed extracts had good antimicrobial properties with a minimum inhibition of 100 mg/mL observed in Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis for the aqueous extract, 1.04 mg/ml S. epidermidis and B. subtilis, and 2.08 mg/ml Candida spp. for the ethanol extract. The minimum bactericidal concentration of the ethanol extract in this study was 4.16 mg/ml for S. epidermidis and 8.33 mg/ml for B. subtilis, and the minimum fungicidal concentration was 8.33 mg/ml for Candida spp. The results from this study indicated that C. papaya seeds possess sufficient mineral components and phytochemical components, indicating their potential use as supplementary antimicrobial agents and essential nutrients for both humans and animals.
Screening of Jellyfish Venom Inhibitors from Beach Morning Glory (Ipomoea pes-caprae) against Nemopilema nomurai
Authors: Vo Khanh-Hung , Nguyen Ngoc-Bao-Minh , Le Duy-Anh-Quan , Nguyen Khanh-Thanh-Thuy , Nguyen Luong-Han , Nguyen Ngoc-Lam , Phan Thi-Thuy-Nga , Zulfiqar Noor , Hoang Thi-Van , Ha Hai-Anh
Published: November 2024

Objective:

This study aimed to identify potential inhibitors from the beach morning glory (Ipomoea pes-caprae), a plant traditionally used for treating jellyfish stings, to counteract the effects of the venom.

Materials and Methods:

We utilized homology modeling to construct three-dimensional models of the jellyfish venom metalloproteinase and validated them using the structure analysis and verification server web-based tool for stereochemical quality assessment. Molecular docking studies were conducted using AutoDock Vina to screen compounds extracted from Ipomoea pes-caprae, focusing on their binding affinities toward the venom metalloproteinase. Key compounds, including quercetin and isochlorogenic acids A and B, were analyzed for their potential inhibitory effects.

Results:

The homology models of the jellyfish venom metalloproteinase were successfully constructed and validated, indicating reliable structural accuracy. The molecular docking studies identified several promising compounds from Ipomoea pes-caprae. Quercetin exhibited a binding energy of −8.8 kcal/mol, whereas isochlorogenic acids A and B showed binding energies of −8.5 and −9.0 kcal/mol, respectively. These compounds demonstrated strong interactions with key amino acids within the active site of the metalloproteinase, suggesting their efficacy in neutralizing the venom’s toxic effects.

Conclusion:

Our findings support the potential of compounds from Ipomoea pes-caprae as effective inhibitors of jellyfish venom metalloproteinase. This research validates the traditional use of this plant and lays the groundwork for further pharmacological and clinical studies. Future research should focus on in vitro and in vivo testing to confirm the efficacy of these compounds as new therapeutic agents for treating jellyfish stings.
Exploring the interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A signaling pathway: a potential therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Deng Fengcheng , Yang Dan , Qing Lingxi , Chen Yifei , Zou Jilian , Jia Meiling , Wang Qian , Jiang Runda , Huang Lihua
Published: November 2024

The interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway in the host’s central nervous system plays a crucial role in neurological diseases and enhances communication along the gut–brain axis. The gut microbiota influences the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway through its metabolites, which activates the vagus nerve and modulates the immune and neuroendocrine systems. Conversely, alterations in the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway can affect the composition of the gut microbiota, creating a dynamic network of microbial-host interactions. This reciprocal regulation affects neurodevelopment, neurotransmitter control, and behavioral traits, thus playing a role in the modulation of neurological diseases. The coordinated activity of the gut microbiota and the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway regulates processes such as amyloid-β protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal energy metabolism, microglial activation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter release, which collectively influence the onset and progression of neurological diseases. This study explores the complex interplay between the gut microbiota and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway, along with its implications for potential therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases. Recent pharmacological research has shown that restoring the balance between gut flora and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway may improve outcomes in neurodegenerative diseases and emotional disorders. This can be achieved through various methods such as dietary modifications, probiotic supplements, Chinese herbal extracts, combinations of Chinese herbs, and innovative dosage forms. These findings suggest that regulating the gut microbiota and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway may provide valuable evidence for developing novel therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases.
Calcium bridges built by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes: potential targets for neural repair in neurological diseases
Authors: Peng Yichen , Zhou Li , Jin Yaju , Wu Danli , Chen Na , Zhang Chengcai , Liu Hongpeng , Li Chunlan , Ning Rong , Yang Xichen , Mao Qiuyue , Liu Jiaxin , Zhang Pengyue
Published: November 2024

The exchange of information and materials between organelles plays a crucial role in regulating cellular physiological functions and metabolic levels. Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes serve as physical contact channels between the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and the mitochondrial outer membrane, formed by various proteins and protein complexes. This microstructural domain mediates several specialized functions, including calcium (Ca2+) signaling, autophagy, mitochondrial morphology, oxidative stress response, and apoptosis. Notably, the dysregulation of Ca2+ signaling mediated by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Certain proteins or protein complexes within these membranes directly or indirectly regulate the distance between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, as well as the transduction of Ca2+ signaling. Conversely, Ca2+ signaling mediated by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes influences other mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane-associated functions. These functions can vary significantly across different neurological diseases—such as ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington’s disease—and their respective stages of progression. Targeted modulation of these disease-related pathways and functional proteins can enhance neurological function and promote the regeneration and repair of damaged neurons. Therefore, mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes-mediated Ca2+ signaling plays a pivotal role in the pathological progression of neurological diseases and represents a significant potential therapeutic target. This review focuses on the effects of protein complexes in mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes and the distinct roles of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes-mediated Ca2+ signaling in neurological diseases, specifically highlighting the early protective effects and neuronal damage that can result from prolonged mitochondrial Ca2+ overload or deficiency. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the various mechanisms of Ca2+ signaling mediated by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes in neurological diseases, contributing to the exploration of potential therapeutic targets for promoting neuroprotection and nerve repair.
Copper homeostasis and neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Li Daidi , Xu Kaifei , Wang Guoqing , Zhang Feng
Published: November 2024

Copper, one of the most prolific transition metals in the body, is required for normal brain physiological activity and allows various functions to work normally through its range of concentrations. Copper homeostasis is meticulously maintained through a complex network of copper-dependent proteins, including copper transporters (CTR1 and CTR2), the two copper ion transporters the Cu -transporting ATPase 1 (ATP7A) and Cu-transporting beta (ATP7B), and the three copper chaperones ATOX1, CCS, and COX17. Disruptions in copper homeostasis can lead to either the deficiency or accumulation of copper in brain tissue. Emerging evidence suggests that abnormal copper metabolism or copper binding to various proteins, including ceruloplasmin and metallothionein, is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. However, the exact mechanisms underlying these processes are not known. Copper is a potent oxidant that increases reactive oxygen species production and promotes oxidative stress. Elevated reactive oxygen species levels may further compromise mitochondrial integrity and cause mitochondrial dysfunction. Reactive oxygen species serve as key signaling molecules in copper-induced neuroinflammation, with elevated levels activating several critical inflammatory pathways. Additionally, copper can bind aberrantly to several neuronal proteins, including alpha-synuclein, tau, superoxide dismutase 1, and huntingtin, thereby inducing neurotoxicity and ultimately cell death. This study focuses on the latest literature evaluating the role of copper in neurodegenerative diseases, with a particular focus on copper-containing metalloenzymes and copper-binding proteins in the regulation of copper homeostasis and their involvement in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. By synthesizing the current findings on the functions of copper in oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and protein misfolding, we aim to elucidate the mechanisms by which copper contributes to a wide range of hereditary and neuronal disorders, such as Wilson’s disease, Menkes’ disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Potential clinically significant therapeutic targets, including superoxide dismutase 1, D-penicillamine, and 5,7-dichloro-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-8-hydroxyquinoline, along with their associated therapeutic agents, are further discussed. Ultimately, we collate evidence that copper homeostasis may function in the underlying etiology of several neurodegenerative diseases and offer novel insights into the potential prevention and treatment of these diseases based on copper homeostasis.
Epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response in stroke
Authors: Liang Jingyi , Yang Fei , Li Zixiao , Li Qian
Published: November 2024

Stroke is classified as ischemic or hemorrhagic, and there are few effective treatments for either type. Immunologic mechanisms play a critical role in secondary brain injury following a stroke, which manifests as cytokine release, blood–brain barrier disruption, neuronal cell death, and ultimately behavioral impairment. Suppressing the inflammatory response has been shown to mitigate this cascade of events in experimental stroke models. However, in clinical trials of anti-inflammatory agents, long-term immunosuppression has not demonstrated significant clinical benefits for patients. This may be attributable to the dichotomous roles of inflammation in both tissue injury and repair, as well as the complex pathophysiologic inflammatory processes in stroke. Inhibiting acute harmful inflammatory responses or inducing a phenotypic shift from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state at specific time points after a stroke are alternative and promising therapeutic strategies. Identifying agents that can modulate inflammation requires a detailed understanding of the inflammatory processes of stroke. Furthermore, epigenetic reprogramming plays a crucial role in modulating post-stroke inflammation and can potentially be exploited for stroke management. In this review, we summarize current findings on the epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response in stroke, focusing on key signaling pathways including nuclear factor-kappa B, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, and mitogen-activated protein kinase as well as inflammasome activation. We also discuss promising molecular targets for stroke treatment. The evidence to date indicates that therapeutic targeting of the epigenetic regulation of inflammation can shift the balance from inflammation-induced tissue injury to repair following stroke, leading to improved post-stroke outcomes.
A systematic review of progenitor survival and maturation in Parkinsonian models
Authors: Comini Giulia , Dowd Eilís
Published: November 2024

Stem cell–based brain repair is a promising emergent therapy for Parkinson’s disease based on years of foundational research using human fetal donors as a cell source. Unlike current therapeutic options for patients, this approach has the potential to provide long-term stem cell–derived reconstruction and restoration of the dopaminergic input to denervated regions of the brain allowing for restoration of certain functions to patients. The ultimate clinical success of stem cell–derived brain repair will depend on both the safety and efficacy of the approach and the latter is dependent on the ability of the transplanted cells to survive and differentiate into functional dopaminergic neurons in the Parkinsonian brain. Because the pre-clinical literature suggests that there is considerable variability in survival and differentiation between studies, the aim of this systematic review was to assess these parameters in human stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitor transplant studies in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. A defined systematic search of the PubMed database was completed to identify relevant studies published up to March 2024. After screening, 76 articles were included in the analysis from which 178 separate transplant studies were identified. From these, graft survival could be assessed in 52 studies and differentiation in 129 studies. Overall, we found that graft survival ranged from < 1% to 500% of cells transplanted, with a median of 51% of transplanted cells surviving in the brain; while dopaminergic differentiation of the cells ranged from 0% to 46% of cells transplanted with a median of 3%. This systematic review suggests that there is considerable scope for improvement in the differentiation of stem cell–derived dopaminergic progenitors to maximize the therapeutic potential of this approach for patients.
The Effect of a Health Literacy Program on Alcohol Use among Medical Students in Hubei Province, China: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yin Meihua , Somdee Thidarat , Yao Shaosong , Yin Hongxing , Yangyuen Suneerat
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Health literacy (HL) plays an important role in alcohol consumption. Improving alcohol-related HL offers an integrated approach to prevent and reduce high-risk alcohol use. This study aimed to determine the effects of a HL program (HLP) on medical students’ drinking behaviors.

Methods:

A randomized controlled trial was conducted from June 2023 to January 2024 among medical students. One hundred and four students were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 52) and control (n = 52) groups. The intervention group received the HLP over six sessions, while the control group received standard health education. Data were collected through interviews using a structured interview questionnaire. Independent t-tests, paired sample t-tests, Chi-squared tests, and Chi-square for trend were applied for statistical analysis.

Results:

Following the HLP, the intervention group exhibited a significant increase in the mean total HL score, cognitive skills, access skills, communication skills, self-management skills, media skills, and decision skills compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in the number of harmful drinkers compared to the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

HLPs are effective in improving HL and reducing alcohol consumption among medical students. Our findings suggest incorporating HLPs into adolescents’ health education activities.
The Effectiveness of Participatory Health Literacy Promoting Programs among Diabetes Risk Groups in Community, Thailand
Authors: Wongkongdech Adisorn , Kumchan Jirachaya , Namyota Chaloemporn , Chanthamath Souksathaphone , Wongkongdech Ranee
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

The prevalence and incidence of diabetes are increasing worldwide. In Thailand, emphasis is placed on measures to enhance awareness of preventing the disease among high-risk groups and the general population. This study aims to determine health literacy (HL), health behavior patterns, awareness, and knowledge of diabetes prevention, and the effectiveness of promoting HL programs among diabetes risk groups in the Thai community.

Methods:

This study was designed for the research and development method and was conducted in April–October 2023. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 105 DRGs, selected using stratified random sampling from 10 villages. Data were collected through interviews and self-report questionnaires. In addition, a participatory program involving 43 stakeholders was designed to enhance diabetes prevention knowledge, using brainstorming sessions for activity planning, implementation, and evaluation. Pre- and post-test scores were analyzed using paired t-tests.

Results:

The analysis shows that nearly half of the DRGs are at a moderate level of HL, while the overall score falls below 55% of the total points. In addition, the health behavior patterns of the DRGs (3E2S) pose a risk for diabetes development. However, the results obtained from program utilization indicate that the potentiality for improved HL levels and promoting positive health behaviors are statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Healthcare professionals, particularly within the primary healthcare system, should devise strategies to enhance HL and consistently implement programs targeting diabetes prevention in the community’s at-risk groups.
Technostress and Sleep Quality among University Students in Indonesia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hapsari Eno Aulia , Rohmatullayaly Eneng Nunuz , Widayati Kanthi Arum
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

In this study, we examined the prevalence of technostress and sleep quality using sociodemographic characteristics and a large number of participants. We also investigated the link between technostress and sleep quality in Indonesian university students.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study included 1356 Indonesian students. The Technostress Creator Questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to assess the technostress levels and sleep quality. The generalized linear model was used to determine sociodemographic factors that might predict technostress levels and sleep quality. The correlation between technostress and sleep quality was investigated using the Spearman’s correlation test.

Results:

The respondents reported moderate levels of technostress (3.12 ± 0.53 out of 5.00) and poor sleep quality (7.9 ± 2.83). Higher levels of technostress were associated with lower academic levels, a lower monthly allowance, a longer duration of device ownership, a larger number of devices, and long screen durations. Science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) students experienced lower technostress than non-STEM students. Lower monthly allowances and more screen time were linked to poor sleep quality. Higher levels of technostress were significantly associated with poorer sleep quality (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Our study found that Indonesian university students experienced moderate technostress, which was related to their academic levels, allowances, study discipline, screen times, number of owned devices, and duration of device ownership. Students reported poor sleep quality, which was linked to monthly allowance and screen time. Students with higher levels of technostress reported poorer sleep quality.
Cytologic hallmarks and differential diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma subtypes
Authors: Harahap Agnes Stephanie , Jung Chan Kwon
Published: November 2024

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy, characterized by a range of subtypes that differ in their cytologic features, clinical behavior, and prognosis. Accurate cytologic evaluation of PTC using fine-needle aspiration is essential but can be challenging due to the morphologic diversity among subtypes. This review focuses on the distinct cytologic characteristics of various PTC subtypes, including the classic type, follicular variant, tall cell, columnar cell, hobnail, diffuse sclerosing, Warthin-like, solid/trabecular, and oncocytic PTCs. Each subtype demonstrates unique nuclear features, architectural patterns, and background elements essential for diagnosis and differentiation from other thyroid lesions. Recognizing these distinct cytologic patterns is essential for identifying aggressive subtypes like tall cell, hobnail, and columnar cell PTCs, which have a higher risk of recurrence, metastasis, and poorer clinical outcomes. Additionally, rare subtypes such as diffuse sclerosing and Warthin-like PTCs present unique cytologic profiles that must be carefully interpreted to avoid diagnostic errors. The review also highlights the cytologic indicators of lymph node metastasis and high-grade features, such as differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma. The integration of molecular testing can further refine subtype diagnosis by identifying specific genetic mutations. A thorough understanding of these subtype-specific cytologic features and molecular profiles is vital for accurate diagnosis, risk stratification, and personalized management of PTC patients. Future improvements in diagnostic techniques and standardization are needed to enhance cytologic evaluation and clinical decision-making in thyroid cancer.
The EURISCO-EVA Information System, an innovative approach to the data management of multi-site crop evaluation data
Authors: Kumar Suman , Guzzon Filippo , Goritschnig Sandra , Weise Stephan
Published: November 2024

This paper introduces EURISCO-EVA, an extension of the European Search Catalogue for Plant Genetic Resources (EURISCO), facilitating standardized data collection, sharing, and analysis for plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) characterization and evaluation. In the framework of the European Evaluation Network (EVA), a private-public partnership aiming at the evaluation of crop accessions conserved in European genebanks, this information system addresses the need for a standardized data repository for multi-site evaluations of different crops. Through centralizing metadata maintenance, EURISCO-EVA ensures uniformity in trait definitions, experimental designs, and passport data, promoting efficient exchange of observed phenotypic data. EURISCO-EVA currently stores more than half a million phenotypic data points for 4,845 PGRFA accessions from six genera and 17 species, collected through 382 phenotypic experiments conducted at 115 experimental locations across 33 countries, involving 89 project partners. This platform offers a user-friendly web interface, empowering its users with features such as map-based filtering of trial locations, statistical overviews, and customizable reports. EURISCO-EVA’s robust administrative functionalities, coupled with standardization efforts, enhance data quality and harmonization, providing a robust tool for storage of and access to crop evaluation data that could be further enhanced by adding analysis modules. EURISCO-EVA also formed the basis for the data management of two research projects (AGENT and INCREASE) under the Horizon 2020 funding program, providing the background organization of complex datasets used to address future challenges in European agriculture.
CREATION OF SPECIALIZED MAPS AND REGISTERS OF OBJECTS UNDER ARTICLE 6, PARAGRAPHS 4 AND 5 OF THE LAW ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BLACK SEA COAST
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bulgaria, Niyazi-Yusuf Mirem
Published: November 2024

The specialized maps and registers are made for the purpose of documenting the spatial position and technical characteristics of the sites under Article 6, paragraphs 4 and 5 of the Law on the Organization of the Black Sea Coast. They also provide information for the development of development schemes and general and detailed development plans, protection of the natural landscape and the sea coast from erosion, abrasion and landslide processes, protection of the cultural and historical heritage, development of investment projects, awarding of concession or renting out sea beaches and solving other tasks.
USE OF A CHATBOT IN AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR PROCESS MANAGEMENT IN EDUCATION
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bulgaria, Ivanova Desislava , Atanasov Valentin ,   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bulgaria
Published: November 2024

This scientific paper presents a role-based aspect of chatbots in the educational field, covering certain of their advantages and disadvantages. Future trends in their development are presented. The use and implementation of chatbots in an automated information system for process management in the educational field is discussed.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Today’s Student Life
Authors: Pongoh Deitje Sofie , Tumiwa Yosafat , Badasi Dave Christyfo , Batas Artika Wulan , Manek Julio Elias , Tumembow Shefriano Clery
Published: November 2024

AI has profoundly impacted the lives of students by transforming various aspects of their education and daily activities. AI can be a very useful learning tool in a variety of contexts. Students can access learning materials tailored to their needs and learning styles, resulting in more effective learning. AI also speeds up evaluation and scoring. However, there are also issues to contend with, such as the dangers of relying on technology, problems with data privacy, and the possibility of a decline in social interaction. This article discusses the impact of AI on college students and its implications for the future of higher education. The rapid development of technology has made the emergence of the millennial era where technology has become the need of every individual, especially youth and women in the millennial era who are faced with technological advancements, so it is required to always sort out every information obtained, in order to prevent the occurrence of bad impacts because access between the worlds is easy to obtain so that it can be a weapon for irresponsible people to attack an area from the next generation. The purpose of this study is to find out the various impacts of technological developments.
Benefits of Developing E-Commerce Platform for Informatics Students as Additional Income
Authors: Malau Natalia Artha , Sihombing Michelle , Rembang Jovial , Gusasi Hendra , Patras Gabriel , Rumengan Fareeld
Published: November 2024

The article in this journal will bring readers more specifically to university students to see easier access to money for additional living expenses. A new perspective when students are more specifically informatics students who are taught and nurtured so that they have skills and knowledge about program development not only live with money given by parents, but with money from the creation and development of their own programs or platforms. Access and dissemination of this journal will be expanded to make it more accessible and useful to all readers not only for informatics students but for prospective students and former students who have dived into the sea of computer code more specifically on the creation and development of programs or platforms.
ИККИНЧИ ЖАҲОН УРУШИ ЙИЛЛАРИДА ҚОРАҚАЛПОЛҒИСТОН АССР ПРОКУРАТУРА ОРГАНЛАРИ ФАОЛИЯТИ
Authors: Зарипбаев Уснатдин
Published: November 2024

Ушбу мақолада 1941-1945 йиллардаги Ватан уруши йилларида Қорақалпоғистон АССР прокуратурасининг иш фаолияти ва барча давлат органлари, корхоналар, муассасалар ва ташкилотлар билан прокуратура ходимлари томонидан амалга оширилган ишлари кўриб чиқилади.
O‘ZBEKISTONDA TOSH DAVRI ARXEOLOGIYASINI O‘RGANISHDA XALQARO EKSPEDISIYALARINING O‘RNI
Authors: Baxronov Abdullo
Published: November 2024

Maqola O‘zbekistonda arxeologiya sohasida amalga oshirilgan halqaro hamkorlik natijalariga bag‘ishlanadi. O‘zbekiston arxeologiyasi jahonga yuz tutdi. bag‘ishlangan. O‘zbekistonda tosh davrini o‘rganish ishlari mustaqillikka erishganimizdan keyin yangi bosqichga ko‘tarildi. Vatanimiz eng qadimgi tarixini o‘rganish uchun xalqaro hamkor ekspedisiyalar tashkil etildi. Hozirda arxeologlarimiz qadim o‘tmishimizning turli davrlari bo‘yicha 20 dan ziyod xalqaro hamkor arxeologlar guruhlari bilan ilmiy ishlar olib bormoqda. Ular bilan kadrlar almashinish va kadrlar tayyorlash ishlari yo‘lga qo‘yildi. Arxeologik yodgorliklarida olib borgan ilmiy izlanishlar natijasida ko‘plab ilmiy yangiliklar yaratildi.
GIYOHVANDLIKKA QARSHI KURASH MAVZUSINING NAZARIY-METODOLOGIK ASOSLARI
Authors: Maxmatqulov Jasur
Published: November 2024

Maqolada giyohvandlikka qarshi kurash mavzusining nazariy-metodologik asoslari, xususan, giyohvandlik vositalari bilan bog‘liq bo‘lgan jinoyatlarni harakteriga ko‘ra to‘rtta guruhga bo‘linishi hamda bu yo‘nalishning tarixiy yoritilish usullari haqida fikr yuritilgan.
Midiendo la incertidumbre política y económica en Ecuador a partir del uso de Google Trends
Authors: Aguirre Kamila , Yaselga Alvarado Emanuel Daniel , Villarreal Sosa Fabian Alejandro , Tapia Encalada Diego Patricio
Published: November 2024

The measurement of uncertainty in a context of constant change is of par­amount importance for informed decision-making, given its significant impact on investment, consumption, credit, and the financial stability of countries. This study employs Google Trends data and advanced statistical techniques to develop a political and economic uncertainty index for Ecuador, covering the period from 2004 to 2023. The proposed index effectively captures key moments of substantial instability in the country, including the overthrow of former President Lucio Gutiérrez, the declaration of default on external debt, the 30-S political crisis, the April 2016 earthquake, national strikes, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the index is correlated with other uncertainty measures, including the Emerging Markets Bond Index (EMBI), the Volatility Index (VIX), and oil prices. This index offers a real-time perspective on the evolution of uncertainty in Ecuador, which may prove valuable in anticipating the evolution of relevant macroeconomic variables such as consumption and investment.
Implementation of Pancasila and Citizenship Education in the Pancasila Student Profile Program at Schools
Authors: Apeles Lexi Lontoh  , Arif Sobirin Wibowo  , Wua Telly Delly  , Eka Yuliana Rahman  , Joupy G.Z. Mambu5
Published: November 2024

Learning Pancasila and Citizenship Education consistently incorporates Pancasila values into its teachings. By studying this subject, students can grasp their rights and responsibilities as citizens and address issues related to citizenship, such as national unity, maintaining values and norms, human rights, power and politics, a democratic society, Pancasila and the State constitution, and globalization. The Pancasila student profile aims to develop graduates who are both of strong character and highly competent, reinforcing the fundamental values of Pancasila. This study employs a literature review method, sourcing data from books and journals. A literature review involves identifying, evaluating, and interpreting all relevant research findings related to a specific research question, topic, or phenomenon. The implementation of Pancasila and Citizenship Education within the Pancasila student profile in schools focuses on enhancing content related to cooperation, independence, creativity, global diversity, critical thinking, and faith in God Almighty with noble character. These elements are essential features of the Pancasila student profile program and must be practically applied in all school learning activities.
The Influence of Social Change on Human Resource Management Strategies in the Digital Era
Authors: Paulus Robert Tuerah  , Manuel E. Korompis  , Grystin Djein Sumilat  , Nismawati  , Eric Kondoy
Published: November 2024

Social change in the digital era has had a significant impact on various aspects of life, including the world of work and human resource management (HR). This study aims to explore the influence of social change on HR management strategies in the digital era, as well as identify the challenges and opportunities that arise in the process of organizational adaptation. Using a qualitative approach and literature review method, this study analyzes the latest scientific literature from various trusted sources, including academic journals, textbooks, and industry reports. The results of the study indicate that social change has driven transformation in various aspects of HR management, including recruitment, retention, employee development, performance management, and organizational culture. Digitalization, shifting workforce demographics, and changing employee expectations are the main factors influencing HR strategies. Key findings include: (1) adoption of AI and big data technologies in the recruitment and selection process, (2) increased focus on work flexibility and work-life balance, (3) transformation of employee development programs towards a continuous learning and personalization model, (4) shift from traditional performance management to a more agile and real-time feedback-based approach, and (5) the importance of building an inclusive and adaptive organizational culture. The study also uncovers the ethical and social challenges that arise from the digitalization of HR practices, as well as the importance of bridging the digital divide in the workforce. In conclusion, successful organizations are those that are able to adapt their HR strategies to meet the challenges of the digital era, while maintaining a focus on the human factor as the core of effective HR management.