bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Business Potential: A Framework for the Implementation of Cloud Computing by SMEs in the Bolgatanga Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Atuah Jesse , Laar David Sanka , Akobre Stephen , Agbedemnab Peter Awonnatemi
Published: December 2023

Cloud computing has significantly impacted businesses across different scales, presenting advantages that can be harnessed by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Bolgatanga. However, the effective adoption of cloud services requires a well-defined strategy. SMEs in the Bolgatanga Municipality face challenges in implementing cloud computing due to limited knowledge of its applicability, a lack of expertise, and concerns about perceived high costs, among other factors. It was therefore necessary to develop a framework that can be utilized by SMEs in Bolgatanga to implement cloud solutions. The design science research methodology was employed where an extensive evaluation of existing cloud frameworks was performed. The findings suggest that although current cloud transition models have potential value, their complexity and lack of context applicability make them less suitable. The application of the design science research methodology paved way for the development of a practical framework for successful cloud computing implementation by SMEs in Bolgatanga, Ghana. The newly developed framework would enable SMEs to embrace the benefits of the emerging cloud computing era, reducing costs, and gaining a larger market share. Beyond the immediate benefits, leveraging cloud computing will promote collaboration, agile decision-making, and innovation. Cloud solutions provide scalability and accessibility, allowing SMEs to adapt quickly to market changes, improve customer experiences, and make significant progress in their industries. Implementing cloud computing strategically by SMES in Bolgatanga is therefore not just a technological upgrade but a crucial step towards unlocking substantial business advancements for SMEs.
Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz: Unveiling the Significance of an Essential Bamboo Species
Authors: Clara Manasa, P. A.  , Salimath Supriya K. , Deepthi Dechamma N. L.  , Hegde Ramakrishna , Gooli Manjunath
Published: December 2023

Dendrocalamus brandisii is a very large evergreen bamboo with a dense tufted growth habit, commonly known as `Burma bamboo'. Burma bamboo is renowned for its distinctive attributes, including its substantial size, straight growth pattern, and notably, its lack of thorns, distinguishing it from other local bamboo varieties. This comprehensive article explores the significance of D. brandisii, encompassing its morphology, flowering patterns, habitat, and distribution. The emphasis is on its adaptability to diverse altitudes and soil types, enhancing its value in agroforestry and environmental conservation. Detailed discussions highlight the economic importance of D. brandisii, elaborating on its versatile applications in construction, crafts, and pulp fiber production. Various applications of the bamboo, ranging from manufacturing value-added products to potential health food uses, are explored. Furthermore, the examination of silicon variation and phytolith morphology provides intriguing insights into the physiological aspects of the plant. The article also highlights the positive impact of varying planting durations of D. brandisii on soil bacterial communities, indicating its role in enhancing soil quality. This thorough examination positions D. brandisii as a versatile and economically significant bamboo species with promising applications in sustainable land use, resource conservation, and diverse industries.
Integrated Weed Management in Transplanted Rice (Oryza sativa L.): An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Singh Sudhakar , Pandey Deepak , Chanda S. S. , Singh P. K. , Tiwari H. N. , Singh D. K. , Singh Gajendra , Yadav Nisha
Published: December 2023

An experiment entitled Integrated Weed Management in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was conducted at Shradhay Bhagwati Singh Agriculture Research Farm, Hajipur, Chandra Bhanu Gupta Post Graduate College, B.K.T., LUCKNOW (U.P.) during Kharif season of 2022-2023. The treatment comprised of 9 weed management practices. Weedy check till maturity, Weed free upto 60 DAT, Pretilachlor 50 % EC @ 1.25 kg a.i/ha (PE), Pendimethaline 30 % EC @1.0 kg a.i/ha (PE), Pendimethaline 30 % EC @ 1.0 kg a.i/ha + 1 hand weeding at 30DAT, Pendimethaline 30 % EC @1.0 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Bispyribac Sodium 10 % SC @ 25 g a.i/ha (POE), Pretilachlor 50 % EC @1.0 kg a.i/ha + 1 hand weeding At 35DAT, Two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT, Pretilachlor 5 0 % E C @ 1.0 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 25 g a.i/ha (POE). Weed free up to 60 DAT resulted in significantly higher growth, yield attributes and yield over result of the treatments. The highest weed control efficiency was recorded with weed free up to 60 DAT. However, the highest weed Index was recorded with weedy check and lowest being with weed free up to 60 DAT. The highest net returns (Rs. 58, 218.31/ha) was recorded by weed free up to 60 DAT and highest B:C ratio was recorded by Pretilachlor 50 % E C @ 1.0 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Bispyribac Sodium 10% SC @ 25 g a.i/ha (POE).
Pharmaceutical Studies of Leaf and Bark Extracts of Mammea suriga (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Kosterm.
Authors: Rane Trupthi N. , Rama Bhat P.
Published: December 2023

Mammea suriga is a familiar endemic medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae/Clusiaceae, grows abundantly in the Western Ghats of India. The present investigation focuses on studying the phytoconstituents as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of bark and leaf extracts. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, triterpenoids, steroids and saponins. The carbohydrate contents were highest in leaf methanol (140.90 ± 1.19 mg/g), phenolic contents highest in leaf methanol (154.32 ± 1.80 mg/g), the highest flavonoid content were observed in bark aqueous extract (437.3878 ± 0.09mg/g). In the antioxidant screening assay, the highest inhibition concentration was found to be IC­50 (53.33 ± 0.13) for leaf methanol for DPPH, highest ferric reducing activity was observed in both the bark extracts at 300μg/mL concentrations, antioxidant activity for phoshomolybdenum assay was observed highest (75%) in leaf methanol extract at 300μg/mL. Antibacterial activity was carried out  by agar well diffusion method using extracts against E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus which showed inhibition  zone diameter ranging  from 12-22mm. Antifungal test by poison bait method against Fusarium solani and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides have shown good results.
Intellectual Capital: The Role of Green Accounting on Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Riandy Carissa Nariswari , Hapsari Ira , Hariyanto Eko , Pratama Bima Cinintya
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of green accounting on CSR disclosure and Intellectual Capital, the effect of Intellectual Capital on CSR disclosure, green accounting on CSR disclosure with Intellectual Capital as a moderating variable and CSR disclosure in Islamic Commercial Banks from an Islamic perspective. The population in this study are all Islamic Commercial Banks registered with ojk.go.id for the 2017-2022 periods. There are 14 banks with a sample of 84 companies. The sampling methodology employed in this study involved the utilization of purposive sampling and saturation approaches. This study used panel data regression model analysis, i.e., fixed effect regression and random effect regression. The results of this study showed green accounting have no effect on CSR, Intellectual Capital have no effect on CSR, Green Accounting influences Intellectual Capital, Intellectual Capital moderates the effect of Green Accounting on CSR. The implication of this study is that companies making CSR disclosures are influenced by several factors, one of which is green accounting. The results of this study can be taken into consideration for companies, especially for managers to determine their satisfaction in terms of CSR disclosure. For the community and stakeholders, the results of this study will provide information on the level of corporate social responsibility disclosure that can influence the decision making of stakeholders. Stakeholders will decide to invest in companies that have a high level of corporate social responsibility disclosure, because it indicates that the company has conducted and managed the company adequately. This research employs secondary data, so the study cannot control and supervise the possibility of errors in data processing calculations.
pesquisa narrativa nos estudos urbanos: uma análise das práticas espaciais cotidianas para compreensão da lógica socioespacial fragmentária
Authors: Batista Selma Paula Maciel , Sposito Maria Encarnação Beltrão
Published: December 2023

Nesse artigo, utilizamos a vida cotidiana como fio condutor, para explorar as práticas espaciais de mobilidade, consumo, lazer e trabalho no espaço urbano. Para isto, faz-se uso da narrativa de três mulheres, residentes em espaços residenciais fechados de médio e alto padrão, na cidade de Presidente Prudente, oeste do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Para este registro, utilizou-se o procedimento da entrevista semiestruturada e, para análise e interpretação, empregamos as estratégias de sistematização próprias da pesquisa narrativa. Ademais, a partir da localização dos residências, com base no georreferenciamento dos trajetos das práticas espaciais e do raio de mobilidade para identificar áreas de convergência comum entre as entrevistadas, foi possível observar a sobreposição da lógica socioespacial fragmentária à estrutura urbana centro-periférica.
Centralidade e hierarquia urbana na Estrada de Ferro Recife ao Limoeiro, Timbaúba e Ramal Campina Grande no Nordeste Brasileiro (1881-1907)
Authors: Oliveira Elizangela Justino de
Published: December 2023

A ferrovia se constitui como uma rede urbana por excelência, uma vez que vários aglomerados urbanos são interconectados pelos trilhos. Essas cidades ou locais possuem centralidades distintas, definidas pelas funções e pela influência que exercem nessa rede bem como pela capacidade que têm de atrair os diversos fluxos (de mercadorias, passageiros, mensagens telegráficas). A centralidade da cidade ferroviária é tão maior quanto for sua capacidade de intensificar as interações espaciais e expandir seu raio de influência. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a configuração da rede urbana formada pela Estrada de Ferro Recife ao Limoeiro, Timbaúba e Ramal Campina Grande. A análise do objeto a partir da Geografia Histórica Urbana se reflete na demarcação temporal definida e na condução da análise sincrônica-diacrônica, com ênfase nas fontes documentais consultadas, tais como: o Anuário estatístico do Brasil (1916, v. I, Território e População), Anuário estatístico do Brasil (1917, v. II, Economia e Finanças), Anuário de Campina Grande (1925), Anuário estatístico da Parahyba do Norte (1918), Coleção das Leis do Império (1873 e 1876), Coleção das Leis da República (1902), Coleção de mapas históricos de David Rumsey (1908), Estatísticas das estradas de ferro da União e das fiscalizadas pela União (1906, 1907, 1910,  1913, 1914, 1917 e 1922) e os Relatórios do Ministério da Indústria, Viação e Obras Públicas (1902, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1910, 1911 e 1915). Conclui-se que a implantação da ferrovia impulsionou ou consolidou a centralidade das cidades que compõem a linha férrea estudada.
Acesso à moradia em aluguel no Brasil e na cidade de Vitória no século XXI
Authors: Giorgis Alejandro Luis Brunelli , Júnior Carlos Teixeira de Campos
Published: December 2023

O aluguel residencial é a forma de acesso à moradia que mais cresceu no Brasil e em outros países da América Latina nas últimas duas décadas. No entanto, um número significativo de pessoas tem dificuldades para acessar o aluguel e manter seu pagamento. Diferentes autores apontam que os mecanismos da produção imobiliária não são esclarecidos na maioria dos estudos sobre o distanciamento entre o preço da moradia e os salários. O objetivo deste texto é analisar o crescimento dos domicílios alugados e das dificuldades para alugar no Brasil e em Vitória no período 2000-2022, considerando as lógicas imobiliárias mencionadas e os processos de diferenciação espacial na cidade. A metodologia usada foi a revisão bibliográfica e de estudos de caso sobre a temática e a análise de dados demográficos.
Effect of Neprilysin Inhibition on Alzheimer Disease Plasma Biomarkers
Authors: Brum Wagner S. , Docherty Kieran F. , Ashton Nicholas J. , Zetterberg Henrik , Hansson Oskar , McMurray John J. V. , Blennow Kaj
Published: December 2023

This exploratory analysis of a randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of neprilysin inhibition on Alzheimer disease blood biomarkers in patients with heart disease.
Formation and Shape Changing of Conductive Helical Ribbons via Deposition of Highly Stressed Films on Mechanically Responsive Substrates
Authors: Chaudhary Anjali , Prakash Divya J. , Jacobson RB , Lagally Max G. , Cavallo Francesca
Published: December 2023

This work demonstrates that the electrodeposition of highly stressed films on compliant ribbons is a robust process to obtain helical structures with excellent mechanical stability and potentially high thermal and electrical conductance. Electrodeposition on end‐tethered ribbons alters their axial and bending stiffness while imparting mechanical stress to drive the formation of a helix with a microscale diameter and pitch in a controlled and scalable manner. The process generates helices with diameters and pitches between 80 and 200 µm and lengths as large as several millimeters. The approach is amenable to parallel processing a large number of 3D structures on any substrate, including large‐area semiconductor wafers. This phenomenon is explained in terms of the change of stress gradients as material is added. Applications of the fabricated helices include antennas, metamaterials, and slow‐wave structures in frequency ranges not previously attainable.
Intelligent Delivery Systems in Tumor Metabolism Regulation: Exploring the Path Ahead
Authors: Li Xuwen , Sun Tao , Jiang Chen
Published: December 2023

Cancer metabolism plays multifaceted roles in the initiation and progression of tumors, and interventions in metabolism are considered fundamental approaches for cancer control. Within the vast metabolic networks of tumors, there exist numerous potential therapeutic targets, intricately interconnected with each other and with signaling networks related to immunity, metastasis, drug resistance, and more. Based on the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, constructing drug delivery systems for multi‐level modulation of the tumor microenvironment is proven as an effective strategy for achieving multidimensional control of cancer. Consequently, this article summarizes several features of tumor metabolism to provide insights into recent advancements in intelligent drug delivery systems for achieving multi‐level regulation of the metabolic microenvironment in cancer, with the aim of offering a novel paradigm for cancer treatment.
Bioactive Salicylic Acid Containing Coating for Dental Implants to Combat Infection and Inflammation
Authors: Chandorkar Yashoda , Valeske Moritz , Kolrosova Barbora , Elbs‐Glatz Yvonne , Zuber Flavia , Schoeller Jean , Kummer Nico , Ren Qun , Rottmar Markus , Maniura‐Weber Katharina
Published: December 2023

The long‐term stability of dental implants depends on successful osseointegration and on the soft tissue interface seal formed between the implant and gingiva. This seal plays a pivotal role in blocking the entry of microorganisms, thereby preventing the onset of common implant‐associated diseases, e.g., peri‐implantitis. Bioactive coatings constitute a promising approach to modulate tissue response around dental implants but are associated with challenges in simultaneously achieving antimicrobial effects as well as controlling inflammation. This study reports a salicylic acid‐based bioactive coating, which is facile to synthesize and can be easily applied on metallic surfaces like titanium. The local release of salicylic acid exhibits potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and modulates the immune response to coated surfaces by decreased expression of proinflammatory macrophage markers. The differentiation of fibroblasts into the myofibroblast phenotype, which is essential for wound healing due to their contractile properties is unaffected. The coating also displays antithrombogenic capabilities due to the anticoagulation property of salicylic acid; without negatively influencing mineralization of human bone progenitor cells. With salicylic acid being an inexpensive biomolecule, this bioactive coating represents a promising approach to improve the acceptance and function of dental implants and possibly other implant types.
Review and Prospects of PEM Water Electrolysis at Elevated Temperature Operation
Authors: Bonanno Marco , Müller Karsten , Bensmann Boris , Hanke‐Rauschenbach Richard , Aili David , Franken Tanja , Chromik Andreas , Peach Retha , Freiberg Anna T. S. , Thiele Simon
Published: December 2023

Polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE) are currently restricted to an operating temperature range between 50 to 80 °C. This review shows that elevated temperature (ET) above 90 °C can be advantageous with respect to i) reduced cell voltages, ii) a reduction of catalyst loading or possibly the employment of less noble electrocatalysts, and iii) a greater potential for waste heat utilization when the electrolyzer is operated in exothermal mode (when the cell voltage is higher than the thermoneutral voltage). Together with presenting an overview of the materials and components utilized in elevated temperature PEMWE under liquid and steam operation, this article summarizes the experimental and modeling performances reported to date, highlights the challenges ahead, and suggests aspects, which will need to be considered to improve the performance at elevated temperature. Key points, which arise from this work are the extensive need of re‐assessing the material selection both for the cell components and also at a system level, the effects and optimization of working with steam operation, and in the long run, the need for techno‐economic analyses to ultimately assess whether efficiency gains will truly translate to a cost‐effective technology alternative.
Continuous Flow Synthesis of Yttria‐Stabilized‐Zirconia Nanocrystals in Supercritical Solvothermal Conditions
Authors: Denis Yoan , Elissalde Catherine , Suchomel Matthew R. , Gayot Marion , Weill François , Labrugère Christine , Etienne Laetitia , Vaudesca Mélanie , Cam Nithavong , Chung U‐Chan , Reveron Helen , Chevalier Jérome , de Beauvoir Thomas Hérisson , Estournès Claude , Aymonier Cyril , Goglio Graziella , Philippot Gilles
Published: December 2023

The synthesis of yttria‐stabilized zirconia nanoparticles with a fine control on the chemical composition and the distribution of yttrium cations is of major interest to master the mechanical, optical or ionic conduction properties of the final material. However, a fine control of this chemical homogeneity within the particles, especially above 5 mol.% of yttria (Y2O3), is challenging with conventional synthesis routes. In the present study, for the first time the interest of using supercritical sol–gel like synthesis is demonstrated for the continuous production in a single step of high quality zirconia (ZrO2) nanocrystals of 7 nm stabilized with Y2O3 without post‐treatment. Three compositions are investigated, i.e., 1.5, 3, and 8 mol.% of Y2O3 and in‐depth physico‐ chemical characterizations such as X‐ray diffraction, total X‐ray scattering, High‐resolution electron microscopy, Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy are performed to asses and thus prove the successful synthesis of these different compositions while keeping a good chemical homogeneity. This enables to confirm that this original process leads to a unique and fine structural control for such small yttria‐doped zirconia nanocrystals.
A Force‐Assisted Li−O2 Battery Based on Piezoelectric Catalysis and Band Bending of MoS2/Pd Cathode
Authors: Tian Song‐Lin , Song Li‐Na , Chang Li‐Min , Liu Wan‐Qiang , Wang Huan‐Feng , Xu Ji‐Jing
Published: December 2023

The high overpotential caused by the slow kinetics of oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution (OER) has greatly limited the practical application of lithium‐oxygen (Li−O2) batteries. The adoption of force‐field‐assisted system based on a newly developed piezocatalysis is promising in reducing the overpotential. Herein, a force‐assisted Li−O2 battery is first established by employing MoS2/Pd nanocomposite cathode, in which the piezoelectric polarization as well as built‐in electric field are formed in MoS2 piezoelectric catalyst under ultrasound activation, leading to the continuously separated electrons and holes to enhance the ORR and OER kinetics. Moreover, the introduction of Pd can promote the electrons transfer and further inhibit the complexation of electron–hole pairs, contributing to enhanced catalytic activity in the decomposition/generation of discharge products, resulting in reduced discharge/charge overpotentials. Thus, the force‐assisted MoS2/Pd‐based Li−O2 battery is capable of adjusting the output and input energies by the assisted ultrasonic wave. An ultra‐low charging platform of 2.86 V and a high discharging platform of 2.77 V are achieved. The proposed unique force‐assisted strategy can also be applied to lithium carbon dioxide battery system through the effective reduction and separation of CO2 and CO32−, providing significant insights in achieving efficient energy conversion for metal−air batteries.
Corrosion Resistant Multilayered Electrode Comprising Ni3N Nanoarray Overcoated with NiFe‐Phytate Complex for Boosted Oxygen Evolution in Seawater Electrolysis
Authors: Li Ping , Zhao Shien , Huang Yuqi , Huang Quhua , Xi Baojuan , An Xuguang , Xiong Shenglin
Published: December 2023

Engineering high‐performance oxygen evolution reaction (OER) anode material with high activity, selectivity, and strong robustness against chloride corrosion is critical to advance seawater electrolysis for large‐scale production of H2, yet a daunting challenge. Herein it is reported for the first time, the engineer of a multilayered electrode consisting of Ni foam‐supported Ni3N porous nanosheet array decorated with NiFe‐phytate coordination complex overlayer (NF/Ni3N@NiFe‐PA) via a facile interfacial coordination assembly, for remarkably boosted and sustained OER in alkaline seawater electrolysis. Benefitting from regulated electronic state by synergism between Ni and Fe species, boosted proton‐coupled electron transfer via accelerating proton movement with the aid of incorporated phytic acid as proton transfer relay, and promoted mass transfer rendered by unique superhydrophilic and superaerophobic property, the resulting NF/Ni3N@NiFe‐PA demonstrates prominent OER activity in seawater. Impressively, integrating anticorrosive Ni3N with NiFe‐PA complex and in situ generated NiFeOOH can collaboratively contribute to chloride repelling, leading to exceptional corrosion resistance of the electrode. This work affords a novel paradigm to engineer active and corrosion‐resistive anode for selective OER in saline water electrolysis via simultaneous geometric and electronic structural manipulation.
Friedel–Crafts Acylation for Accessing Multi‐Bridge‐Functionalized Large Pillar[n]arenes
Authors: Shi Tan‐Hao , Akine Shigehisa , Ohtani Shunsuke , Kato Kenichi , Ogoshi Tomoki
Published: December 2023

Pillar[n]arenes can be constructed using a Friedel–Crafts alkylation process. However, due to the reversible nature of the alkylation, mixture of large pillar[n]arenes (n≥7) are obtained as minor products, and thus laborious purification are necessary to isolate the larger pillar[n]arenes. Moreover, inert methylene bridges are introduced during the alkylation process, and the multi‐functionalization of the bridges has never been investigated. Herein, an irreversible Friedel–Crafts acylation is used to prepare pillar[n]arenes. Due to the irreversible nature of the acylation, the reaction of precursors bearing carboxylic acids and electron‐rich arene rings results in a size‐exclusive formation of pillar[n]arenes, in which the ring‐size is determined by the precursor length. Because of this size‐selective formation, laborious separation of undesired macrocycles is not necessary. Moreover, the bridges of pillar[n]arenes are selectively installed with reactive carbonyl groups using the acylation method, whose positions are determined by the precursor used. The carbonyl bridges can be easily converted into versatile functional groups, leading to various laterally modified pillar[n]arenes, which cannot be accessed by the alkylation strategy.
Polyamide film containing a molecularly imprinted polymer prepared on a paper surface by interfacial polymerization and its selective adsorption of benzalkonium chloride
Authors: Ichiura Hideaki , Kawahara Yu
Published: December 2023

In this study, paper coated with a polyamide film containing a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) of benzalkonium chloride (BKC) is prepared. Its BKC adsorption ability and selectivity for BKC adsorption are investigated. The MIP is prepared by agitating an ethylenediamine solution containing an azo initiator, BKC as a template material, and methacrylic acid (MAA) as the functional monomer. First, filter paper soaked in this mixture is impregnated with a cyclohexane solution of terephthaloyl chloride and a BKC–MAA–MIP‐containing polyamide film is prepared on the surface of the paper. Paper containing BKC–MAA–MIP adsorbs BKC. The paper with the highest BKC removal efficiency is prepared under the following conditions: 4 mL MAA functional monomer, 2.5 w/v% ethylenediamine, and 10 min MIP synthesis time. The paper with BKC–MAA–MIP selectively adsorbs BKC from a solution containing BKC, tetracycline hydrochloride, and caffeine. Thus, a polyamide film containing BKC‐MAA‐MIP formed on paper can effectively and selectively remove BKC from aqueous environments.
Effect of Anti‐S100A4 Monoclonal Antibody Treatment on Experimental Skin Fibrosis and Systemic Sclerosis–Specific Transcriptional Signatures in Human Skin
Authors: Trinh‐Minh Thuong , Györfi Andrea‐Hermina , Tomcik Michal , Tran‐Manh Cuong , Zhou Xiang , Dickel Nicholas , Tümerdem Bilgesu Safak , Kreuter Alexander , Burmann Sven‐Niklas , Borchert Signe Vedel , Hussain Rizwan Iqbal , Hallén Jonas , Klingelhöfer Jörg , Kunz Meik , Distler Jörg H. W.
Published: December 2023

Objective

S100A4 is a DAMP protein. S100A4 is overexpressed in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), and levels correlate with organ involvement and disease activity. S100A4−/− mice are protected from fibrosis. The aim of this study was to assess the antifibrotic effects of anti‐S100A4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) in murine models of SSc and in precision cut skin slices of patients with SSc.

Methods

The effects of anti‐S100A4 mAbs were evaluated in a bleomycin‐induced skin fibrosis model and in Tsk‐1 mice with a therapeutic dosing regimen. In addition, the effects of anti‐S100A4 mAbs on precision cut SSc skin slices were analyzed by RNA sequencing.

Results

Inhibition of S100A4 was effective in the treatment of pre‐established bleomycin‐induced skin fibrosis and in regression of pre‐established fibrosis with reduced dermal thickening, myofibroblast counts, and collagen accumulation. Transcriptional profiling demonstrated targeting of multiple profibrotic and proinflammatory processes relevant to the pathogenesis of SSc on targeted S100A4 inhibition in a bleomycin‐induced skin fibrosis model. Moreover, targeted S100A4 inhibition also modulated inflammation‐ and fibrosis‐relevant gene sets in precision cut SSc skin slices in an ex vivo trial approach. Selected downstream targets of S100A4, such as AMP‐activated protein kinase, calsequestrin‐1, and phosphorylated STAT3, were validated on the protein level, and STAT3 inhibition was shown to prevent the profibrotic effects of S100A4 on fibroblasts in human skin.

Conclusion

Inhibition of S100A4 confers dual targeting of inflammatory and fibrotic pathways in complementary mouse models of fibrosis and in SSc skin. These effects support the further development of anti‐S100A4 mAbs as disease‐modifying targeted therapies for SSc.
Graduate anatomy education: How are we training the future generations of anatomy educators?
Authors: Hall Tyler R. , Mosley Claudia F. , Balta Joy Y.
Published: December 2023

The teaching of anatomy is relevant to many fields and anatomy teachers are in demand. Individuals with a graduate anatomy education are some of the most sought‐after candidates to fill open teaching positions, but it is unclear as to what constitutes a graduate anatomy education. The purpose of this study was to investigate the components of a graduate anatomy education in the United States. A survey regarding the components of doctoral, master's, and graduate certificate programs was distributed to program directors and department chairs at 71 US institutions. Respondents indicated that there were 17 doctoral, 28 master's, and 9 graduate certificate programs. Students completed coursework in all the traditional anatomical subdisciplines in approximately half of doctoral (53%) and master's (57%) programs, though the number was lower in graduate certificate programs (22%). In comparison, within 12 programs (5 doctoral, 4 master's, and 3 graduate certificate) students were required to complete coursework in less than 2 anatomical subdisciplines. Required coursework outside the subdisciplines usually involved educational theories and practices (61% of programs), research methods (52% of programs), and/or physiology (37% of programs). Respondents indicated that most programs (81%) were designed to prepare their students to teach. It appears that graduate anatomy training likely involves gross anatomy coursework, coursework in another anatomical subdiscipline, and coursework in educational theories and practices. Given the likely decline in the number of doctoral‐level anatomy programs from 21 to 19, serious consideration should be given to hiring teaching candidates with master's or graduate certificate training in anatomy.
Creating evidence‐based engaging online learning resources in neuroanatomy
Authors: Booker James , Woodward Charlotte , Taylor Charles , Robson Alistair , Border Scott
Published: December 2023

Online anatomical resources are rising in popularity since the COVID‐19 pandemic, but the pedagogical principles and effectiveness of their use remain unclear. This article aims to demonstrate evidence‐informed ways in which fellow educators can create engaging online learning resources in clinical neuroanatomy and compare the effectiveness of text‐based and online learning resources. Data were analyzed from the Soton Brain Hub (SBH) YouTube page. Separately, a cross‐sectional study comparing the learning gain of using text‐based and video resources was done. The knowledge gain and retention were compared between groups using a pre‐teaching and post‐teaching multiple choice questions. YouTube analytics showed the average time a viewer spends on a video was found to be highly correlated to the length of the video, r = 0.77, p < 0.001 (0.69–0.82). The cross‐sectional study indicated a significant difference in mean normalized learning gain of video resources 61.9% (n = 53, CI 56.0–67.7%) versus text resources 49.6% (n = 23, CI 39.1–60.1%) (p = 0.030). However, there was no difference in retained learning gain between video resources 39.1% (n = 29, CI 29.2–49.0%) versus text‐based 40.0% (n = 13, CI 23.9–56.1%) (p = 0.919). Students engage most with short videos less than 5 min which reduces the intrinsic load of learning. Online resources are as effective as text‐based resources in providing learning gain and retention. In the future, the continued rise in popularity of online learning resources may result in further reduction in traditional face‐to‐face teaching.
Exploring the mediating effect of camouflaging and the moderating effect of autistic identity on the relationship between autistic traits and mental wellbeing
Authors: Moore Heather L. , Cassidy Sarah , Rodgers Jacqui
Published: December 2023

Mental health difficulties are prevalent among autistic adults. Camouflaging (behaving differently to fit in) may be a mechanism by which autistic traits and mental health difficulties relate to each other, but little research has considered the role of different facets of camouflaging. Additionally, autistic identity might buffer against camouflaging and mental health difficulties. This research aims to explore the mediating effects of camouflaging behaviours on the relationship between autistic traits and both positive and negative mental wellbeing, as well as how autistic identity might moderate the relationship between autistic traits and camouflaging, and also mental health. Data were available for 627 autistic adults, recruited through volunteer databases and social media. Participants completed measures of autistic traits, anxiety, depression, positive wellbeing, camouflaging behaviours (compensating for difficulties, masking, and assimilating/putting on an act) and autistic identity. Mediation and moderated mediation models were tested, applying 95% bootstrapped CIs (10,000 resamples) and including age, gender and diagnosis as covariates. There were no significant direct effects between autistic traits and mental wellbeing. Assimilation was a significant mediator of all mental wellbeing measures, and compensation was a significant mediator of positive wellbeing only. Autistic identity was not a significant moderator. Assimilation and compensation should be considered when offering psychological interventions to support mental wellbeing of autistic people. Additional research into external drivers of camouflaging (e.g. stigma) and mechanisms by which camouflaging impacts mental wellbeing, such as autonomy, authenticity, skill mastery and community, may identify other areas of support. Concurrently, societal change is necessary to reduce the need to camouflage.
Harm‐reduction approach to drug‐education programming can save students’ lives
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: December 2023

BURLINGTON, VERMONT — What if, instead of only trying to find new ways to convince students to never use drugs, campuses implemented effective methods to reduce harm for those students who choose to experiment with or even regularly use drugs? That shift in thinking was discussed by panelists at the University of Vermont's Legal Issues in Higher Education annual conference.
Consider how FERPA applies to coaches, staff accessing student‐athletes’ academic records
Authors: Rainsberger Richard
Published: December 2023

A college registrar recently posted on a professional discussion listserv that he had just found out that a staff member had added a coach and the athletics director as academic advisors to student‐athletes in the college's student information system. The registrar was concerned that this meant that these two individuals would have “constant access” to the student‐athletes’ records, which included updates on their current classes. grades, and ACT scores, plus most of the information that the college had collected about the students from the time they submitted their college applications. So, the registrar wanted to know if other colleges allowed similar access for their coaches and athletics departments.
A Facile Preparation of N‐Heterocyclic Olefins: Ring‐Opening Polymerization of β‐Butyrolactone and Frustrated Lewis Pair Reactivity**
Authors: Rajendran Natesan Mannangatti , Lu Qi , Bouffard Jean
Published: December 2023

A direct synthesis of N‐heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) and their mesoionic congeners (mNHOs) from N‐heterocyclic carbenes and N‐aziridinylimines is reported. The reaction provided diverse functionalized (m)NHOs and π‐extended analogues. The prepared NHOs initiated the ring‐opening polymerization of β‐butyrolactone, and insertion of aldehyde and nitrile into an NHO‐B(C6F5)3 adduct was demonstrated.
Carbonylation as a Key Step in New Tandem Reactions – A Route to BODIPYs
Authors: Miller Lukas , Impelmann Alba , Bauer Felix , Breit Bernhard
Published: December 2023

Herein, a highly efficient five‐step reaction sequence to BODIPYs is presented. The key step is the combination of transition metal‐catalyzed in‐situ generation of aldehydes and their subsequent organocatalytic activation to yield dipyrromethanes, which are further converted to the corresponding BODIPY. Classic syntheses towards BODIPYs have relied on aldehydes or acid chlorides, which are often not commercially available and rather sensitive to handle. The presented approach starts from readily available and stable alkenes or aryl‐bromides, which allows to extend the range of readily available BODIPYs that can be tailored for their specific use. The synthesis of 55 derivatives with overall yields of up to 78 % demonstrates the wide applicability and advantages of the presented method.
Acceptability of psilocybin‐assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder: Qualitative analysis
Authors: Beaussant Yvan , Tarbi Elise , Nigam Kabir , Miner Skye , Sager Zachary , Sanders Justin J. , Ljuslin Michael , Guérin Benjamin , Thambi Paul , Tulsky James A. , Agrawal Manish
Published: December 2023

Background

The present study explored the acceptability of psilocybin‐assisted group therapy from the perspective of patients with cancer and depression who participated in a clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of this novel intervention.

Methods

Guided by the conceptual framework of acceptability, the authors conducted semi‐structured interviews with participants of the psilocybin trial. Data were analyzed using template and thematic analyses.

Results

Participants’ (n = 28) perspectives on the acceptability of the group and simultaneous sessions was generally positive, both in terms of safety and efficacy: first, the groups contributed to increase participants’ sense of safety and preparedness as they were engaging in the therapy; and second, the groups fostered a sense of connection and of belonging, which served to enrich and deepen the meaning of participants’ experience, ultimately opening a dimension of self‐transcendence and compassion. Other subthemes related to factors influencing the acceptability of the group approach included: 1) the importance of the therapeutic framework, 2) the complementary value of individual sessions, 3) disruptive factors related to the group and/or simultaneous setting, and 4) opportunities and challenges related to group size and how to structure interactions.

Conclusions

This study enhances understanding of what promotes acceptability of the psilocybin‐assisted therapy group model for the treatment of MDD in cancer patients.

Plain Language Summary

We conducted exit interviews with participants of a phase 2 trial of psilocybin‐assisted therapy (PAT) conducted in a community cancer center, to assess the acceptability of a novel psilocybin delivery model combining simultaneous individual therapy and group sessions.

Our findings support the acceptability of this intervention and suggest that in addition to being feasible, it might also enhance participants’ perceived safety and efficacy compared to uniquely individual or group delivery models of PAT.

Our analysis highlights critical factors conditioning acceptability and suggests new ways PAT may be scaled and integrated into cancer care.
A Facile Synthetic Approach for TiO2@NiO Core‐shell Nanoparticles using TiO2@Ni(OH)2 Precursors and their Photocatalytic Application
Authors: Rana Pankaj , Jeevanandam Pethaiyan
Published: December 2023

The current study presents a simple and an efficient chemical method for the synthesis of TiO2@NiO core‐shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) as photocatalyst for effective degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) in an aqueous solution upon sunlight irradiation. First, TiO2 spheres were synthesized using a wet chemical method. Then, TiO2@Ni(OH)2 precursors were prepared via homogeneous precipitation and TiO2@NiO core‐shell nanoparticles were obtained on calcination of the precursors. The synthesized precursors and the TiO2@NiO CSNPs were analyzed using XRD, FT‐IR, FESEM and DRS. XRD data shows the presence of both TiO2 and NiO phases in the TiO2@NiO samples. FE‐SEM and TEM analyses confirm coating of NiO NPs on TiO2 spheres with varying shell thickness (40 nm to 170 nm). Optical studies reveal that TiO2@NiO CSNPs possess band gap of about 3.7 eV. Photoluminescence (PL) results show lower recombination rate of e− and h+ pairs in the TiO2@NiO CSNPs. XPS studies confirm the presence of different elements in the TiO2@NiO CSNPs. Magnetic investigations reveal ferromagnetic behavior of the core‐shell NPs at 5 K. The TiO2@NiO CSNPs were explored as photocatalyst for the degradation of rhodamine B in water under natural sunlight. The TiO2@NiO CSNPs exhibit better photocatalytic activity compared to TiO2 and NiO nanoparticles.
Rare‐earth Element‐based Electrocatalysts Designed for CO2 Electro‐reduction
Authors: Wang Hengan , Kang Xinchen , Han Buxing
Published: December 2023

Electrochemical CO2 reduction presents a promising approach for synthesizing fuels and chemical feedstocks using renewable energy sources. Although significant advancements have been made in the design of catalysts for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) in recent years, the linear scaling relationship of key intermediates, selectivity, stability, and economical efficiency are still required to be improved. Rare earth (RE) elements, recognized as pivotal components in various industrial applications, have been widely used in catalysis due to their unique properties such as redox characteristics, orbital structure, oxygen affinity, large ion radius, and electronic configuration. Furthermore, RE elements could effectively modulate the adsorption strength of intermediates and provide abundant metal active sites for CO2RR. Despite their potential, there is still a shortage of comprehensive and systematic analysis of RE elements employed in the design of electrocatalysts of CO2RR. Therefore, the current approaches for the design of RE element‐based electrocatalysts and their applications in CO2RR are thoroughly summarized in this review. The review starts by outlining the characteristics of CO2RR and RE elements, followed by a summary of design strategies and synthetic methods for RE element‐based electrocatalysts. Finally, an overview of current limitations in research and an outline of the prospects for future investigations are proposed.
Participatory curriculum development: The case of EUTOPIA, a European university alliance
Authors: Moriau Linde , Angouri Jo
Published: December 2023

This paper reports on a model for participatory curriculum development that builds on a ‘connected learning communities’ (CLC) approach. We describe and analyse the trajectory of six CLC‐cases using a framework informed by Social Practice Theory (SPT). The activities we report on took place during the first pilot year (2020–2021) of a transnational University Alliance involving six European universities. Data were drawn from document analysis, direct observations and ongoing dialogue with students and staff involved in the CLCs. Our findings illustrate the affordances of building on existing practice for curriculum development in international contexts and point out the importance of well‐equipped collaborative environments that encourage critical analysis and active experimentation. We found that the CLC model and SPT framework are helpful contributions in the field of curriculum development and argue that connected curriculum‐making approaches help shape versatile environments that can effectively transform and enhance educational provisions, experiences and outcomes.
Differences in geometric patterns of failure in human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated and HPV‐non‐associated oropharyngeal cancer after definitive radiotherapy
Authors: Yuvnik Trada , Chia Low , Laura O' Connor , Tieu Tieu Thi , Mahesh Kumar , Bradley Beeksma , Daron Cope , Chris Wratten
Published: December 2023

Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the spatial pattern of locoregional recurrences in patients diagnosed with HPV‐associated and HPV‐non‐associated oropharyngeal SCC (OPSCC) treated with definitive radiotherapy.

Methods and materials

Patients who had locoregional recurrence following definitive intensity‐modulated radiation therapy were identified at a single tertiary institution. Target volumes were delineated according to the latest consensus international guidelines. Recurrences were classified into five categories based on radiotherapy dose distribution and target volume, using a previously validated methodology; type A (central high dose), type B (peripheral high dose), type C (central elective dose), type D (peripheral elective dose), and type E (extraneous dose). The types of failure were compared between p16‐positive and p16‐negative tumors using the Pearson chi‐square test.

Results

Fifty‐eight locoregional recurrences were observed in 36 patients. The majority of recurrences were in nodal locations (66%, 38/58). Among these, 34 (59%) were classified as type A, 6 (10%) as type B, 9 (15%) as type C, 5 (9%) as type D, and 4 (7%) as type E failure. A significant difference was found in the types of failure between p16‐positive and p16‐negative tumors (X2 9.52, p = 0.044). p16‐negative tumors were more likely to have recurrences in a peripheral location compared to p16‐positive tumors (32% vs. 7%). p16‐positive tumor were more likely to have extraneous recurrences (17% vs. 0%).

Conclusion

Our study results identified a significant difference in patterns of locoregional failure among patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer following consensus‐based tumor delineation and modern radiotherapy. Further confirmatory pattern of failure studies are required to enable greater individualization of radiotherapy for patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal malignancy in the future.
Long‐term outcomes of patients with oral cavity cancer receiving postoperative radiotherapy after salvage neck dissection for cervical lymph node recurrence
Authors: Fujisawa Takeshi , Motegi Atsushi , Hirata Hidenari , Zenda Sadamoto , Hojo Hidehiro , Nakamura Masaki , Oyoshi Hidekazu , Tomizawa Kento , Zhou Yuzheng , Fukushi Keiko , Kageyama Shun‐Ichiro , Enokida Tomohiro , Okano Susumu , Tahara Makoto , Shinozaki Takeshi , Hayashi Ryuichi , Matsuura Kazuto , Akimoto Tetsuo
Published: December 2023

Backgrounds

We aimed to clarify the outcomes of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) after salvage neck dissection for cervical lymph node (LN) recurrence in oral cavity cancer.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated overall survival (OS), recurrence‐free survival (RFS), recurrence patterns, and adverse events of 51 patients with high‐risk features receiving PORT after salvage neck dissection between 2009 and 2019.

Results

After a median follow‐up of 7.4 years from PORT initiation, the 7‐year OS and RFS rates were 66.3% (95% CI: 54.0–81.3) and 54.6% (95% CI: 42.1–70.9), respectively. Age <70 years and isolated LN recurrence were significantly associated with longer OS and RFS. Among the 22 patients who experienced recurrence, 14 experienced recurrence within the radiation field. PORT‐related grade 3 acute mucositis (35%) and late adverse events (osteoradionecrosis [4%] and laryngeal stenosis [2%]) were observed.

Conclusions

PORT after salvage neck dissection for cervical LN recurrence achieved good survival with acceptable toxicity.