bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Genital Tobacco Powder Use Among Women in Gambia: A Mixed Study
Authors: Jaiteh Musa , Awolude Olutosin A. , Tunkara-Bah Haddy
Published: October 2022

Background
Genital tobacco powder, locally known as "tabaa," is a mixture of powdered tobacco and other substances that women use vaginally for sexual enhancement. Through a media report, the Ministry of Health issued a warning for women to stop the practice. However, literature search showed that no any scientific study documenting the burden of this cultural practice beyond media reports. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with genital tobacco powder use among women in The Gambia.
Methods
A sequential exploratory mixed approach was used. The research was carried out in two areas of The Gambia: one rural (Farafenni) and one urban (Banjul). Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were used to recruit (30) participants in the qualitative study. The quantitative study interviewed (400) women using structured questionnaire that was developed from the qualitative results. SPSS version 24 and STATA version 7 were used to analyze the data. Descriptive, Bivariate and multivariate statistics were used to summarize the data.
Results
Most of the study participants were between 30–39 years old who were married. The prevalence (17.0%; n = 68) of genital tobacco powder was high among women aged 40 years and above (OR = 2.88; 95% CI = 1.03–8.05; p = 0.04), from Farafenni and satellite villages (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.02–3.96; p = 0.04), had non-formal education (OR = 3.09; 95% CI 0.85–11.26; p = 0.02) and had husbands who traveled for 6 (OR = 6.67; 95% CI = 1.71–26.01; p = 0.006) or 12 or more months (OR = 9.64; 95% CI 3.19–29.18; p < 0.001). The perception of women and peer influence were associated with genital tobacco powder use.
Conclusion
Genital tobacco powder is practiced all over the Gambia and highest in the rural areas. Socio-demographic variables such age, residence, marital status, education status were significantly associated with the practice. According to the findings, women with low level of education and have poor perception can easily be convinced by close friends/family members to use genital tobacco powder. Therefore, awareness creation is the most important intervention to mitigate this practice.
Exploring the microbiome of oral epithelial dysplasia as a predictor of malignant progression
Authors: Wright Robyn J. , Pewarchuk Michelle E. , Marshall Erin A. , Murrary Benjamin , Rosin Miriam P. , Laronde Denise M. , Zhang Lewei , Lam Wan L. , Langille Morgan G.I. , Rock Leigha D.
Published: October 2022

A growing body of research associates the oral microbiome and oral cancer. Well-characterized clinical samples with outcome data are required to establish relevant associations between the microbiota and disease. The objective of this study was to characterize the community variations and the functional implications of the microbiome in low-grade oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing from annotated archival swabs in progressing (P) and non-progressing (NP) OED. We characterised the microbial community in 90 OED samples — 30 swabs from low-grade OED that progressed to cancer (cases) and 60 swabs from low-grade OED that did not progress after a minimum of 5 years of follow up (matched control subjects). Across all samples, the dominant phyla were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteriodota, and Fusobacteriota. At the genus-level, Streptococcus was the most abundant, followed by Haemophilus, Rothia, and Neisseria. There were small but significant differences between P and NP samples in terms of alpha diversity as well as beta diversity in conjunction with other clinical factors such as age and smoking status for both taxa and functional predictions. While there were no significantly differentially abundant taxa or predicted functions between all Ps and NPs, there were a few genera, amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and predicted enzyme commission (EC) numbers that were identified as differentially abundant when samples were grouped broadly by the number of years between sampling and progression or in specific time to progression for Ps only. These preliminary findings indicate that oral swabs can generate high-quality next-generation sequencing data, and that these samples could impart information about a patient's risk of cancer progression from OED.
Mechanical and microstructural properties of autogenous arc welds of 2 GPa-strength hot-press-forming steel
Authors: Kim Kwangsoo , Park Hanji , Kang Namhyun , Kang Sanghoon , Kang Minjung , Kim Cheolhee
Published: October 2022

Currently, the strength of hot-press-forming (HPF) steel has been increased to produce lightweight vehicles, and in this study, the first arc welding investigation on a 2.0 GPa-strength HPF steel was conducted. HPF steel sheets with thicknesses of 1.1 mm were butt-welded by gas tungsten arc welding without a filler metal, with the heat input controlled in the range of 140–260 J/mm. The weld metal, coarse-grained heat-affected zone (HAZ), and fine-grained HAZ had martensitic microstructures and contained small amounts of bainite only under the highest heat input (260 J/mm). The softened zone was composed of an intercritical HAZ (ICHAZ) (with polygonal ferrite and martensite/bainite) and a subcritical HAZ (with tempered martensite). The ICHAZ softened the most during welding and fractured during tensile testing. The strengths of the arc welds were in the range of 1141–1264 MPa, which were 57–63% strength of the base metal. The ICHAZ softening was revealed to originate from carbon diffusion during the martensite to austenite transformation, which is unavoidable in arc welding and should be considered in the design of a welded structure.
Effect of Surface Termination on the Balance between Friction and Failure of Ti3C2Tx MXenes
Authors: Yang Quanpeng , Eder Stefan J , Martini Ashlie , Grützmacher Philipp G
Published: October 2022

Reactive molecular dynamics simulations of Ti3C2Tx layers with three different surface terminations were used to understand friction and failure of MXenes during sliding. O-terminated MXenes had the smallest shear stress at low pressures and temperatures, but failed at more severe conditions due to interlayer bonding and the formation of Ti-O-Ti bridges between the MXene layers. Failure was not observed for the OH-terminated MXene or a heterostructure that combined O- and OH-terminated layers. At less severe operating conditions, shear stress was smaller for the OH-terminated MXene, while the opposite was observed at higher temperatures and pressures. These trends were explained in terms of adhesion and the complex effect of hydrogen atoms that can either facilitate or hinder sliding, depending on the termination and conditions. Results show that friction and failure are affected by and potentially tunable via MXene surface termination.
On the Relationship Between Zfc’s Smallest Limit Ordinal and Cantor’s Diagonal Method
Authors: KUNT İBRAHİM
Published: October 2022

Using ordinals, I study the cardinality of digits of real
numbers in a defined range. Since real numbers are constructed
using Fundamental Sequences, I use my results to examine the
relationship between Fundamental Sequences and ω. With the new
results I have reached as a result of these examinations, I
re-examine the cardinalities of ω and ω, which are proved using the
Axiom of Choice in ZFC, with a different mathematical method,
without using the Axiom of Choice.
Integrated automated guided vehicle design problem and preventive maintenance planning
Authors: Dehnavi-Arani Saeed , Hasani Aliakbar
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, automated guided vehicles (AGVs) play a key role in manufacturing systems because of improving the system efficiency and lowering the cost of production. In order to increase the efficiency and stability of AGVs, it is crucial to consider maintenance planning for them. To the best of our knowledge, it is rarely found the papers related to maintenance planning and AGVs’ design and control. Accordingly, in this paper a new integrated nonlinear mathematical model is developed for optimizing the AGV design (including AGV fleet sizing and AGV assignment to workshops) and preventive maintenance policy. The proposed model aims to determine the preventive maintenance cycles, optimal number of employed AGVs in manufacturing and optimal assignment of AGVs to manufacturing workshops so that the total cost is minimized. To solve this model, a genetic algorithm (GA) is developed, and their performance is compared with the global solver of LINGO software on 15 test problems, some of which are large dimensions. In order to tune the GA parameters, a Taguchi method is used. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is performed to represent the validity of model and solution approach. The results have demonstrated the effectiveness of GA in terms of computational time and solution quality.
An Analysis of Educational Needs for the Use of Technology by Pre-service Early Childhood Special Teachers
Authors:   Korean Journal Of Early Childhood Special Education, Kim Kyunghee
Published: October 2022

This study was carried out to find out the educational needs of pre-service primary special education teachers to enhance their technology competency. To this purpose, an online survey was conducted for 108 pre-service early childhood special education teachers regarding technology content teaching knowledge(TPACK). For the survey data, the education needs were calculated by the paired sample t-test and Borich analysis methods, and Locus for Focus analysis was performed to find out the priority of the education needs. As a result, the values of retention and necessity in all TPACK questions showed a statistically significant difference. The highest level of the items required by pre-service early childhood special education teachers was technology knowledge(TK), and the next priority was the ability to use technology in an integrated way(TPCK). The detailed results of the study suggest the composition and direction of programs for nurturing the ability to use technology in teacher training institutions.
Thermodynamics of quantum-jump trajectories of open quantum systems subject to stochastic resetting
Authors: Perfetto Gabriele , Carollo Federico , Lesanovsky Igor
Published: October 2022

We consider Markovian open quantum systems subject to stochastic resetting, which means that the dissipative time evolution is reset at randomly distributed times to the initial state. We show that the ensuing dynamics is non-Markovian and has the form of a generalized Lindblad equation. Interestingly, the statistics of quantum-jumps can be exactly derived. This is achieved by combining techniques from the thermodynamics of quantum-jump trajectories with the renewal structure of the resetting dynamics. We consider as an application of our analysis a driven two-level and an intermittent three-level system. Our findings show that stochastic resetting may be exploited as a tool to tailor the statistics of the quantum-jump trajectories and the dynamical phases of open quantum systems.
CREATIVITY IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS
Authors:   Faculty for Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Basic Aleksandra , Arsic Bojana ,   Faculty for Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Gajic Anja ,   Faculty for Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Zdravkovic Parezanovic Ruzica ,   Faculty for Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Macesic Petrovic Dragana ,   Faculty for Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Lazovic Tamara ,   Faculty for Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia
Published: October 2022

Modern education aims to form a versatile and creative personality that will leave school equipped for life, and mathematical skills are deemed necessary skills to participate in modern society. So, one of the challenges of modern education is precisely to enable the conditions for the development of creativity in school. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review the relevant literature to define the concept of creativity in mathematics teaching, point out the need to stimulate creativity in students and present some of the strategies for encouraging creativity in mathematics teaching. The paper presents the connection between mathematics teaching and creativity, as well as the factors that influence creativity in mathematics teaching. Strategies for encouraging creativity in teaching mathematics were also presented, as well as a presentation of games that can be used in teaching, with a review of their application in working with students with intellectual disabilities.
INFLUENCE OF COGNITIVE AND SITUATIONAL MOTOR SKILLS IN SPORTS GAMES ON PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Faculty of Education, University “Ukshin Hoti” of Prizren, Kosovo, Bajrami Vedat , Ibri Lulzim ,   Faculty of Education, University “Ukshin Hoti” of Prizren, Kosovo, Sabotic Becir ,   Faculty of Education, University “Ukshin Hoti” of Prizren, Kosovo
Published: October 2022

When it comes to sports (volleyball, handball, basketball, football ...) the main value is reflected in their attractiveness, wide application, and availability. At the same time, these are sports of higher achievements (top sport), sports entertainment is an important mean of active rest (recreation) and, of course, one of the most powerful means of physical education. The popularity of sports games is especially pronounced among school children and youth. In addition to compulsory physical education classes, they are widely represented in free sports activities. As it is known among other anthropological dimensions, cognitive abilities have a significant impact in achieving top results in sports. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between a set of predictor variables of cognitive abilities and a set of criterion variables of situational motor abilities in sports games, especially in volleyball in primary school boys. By analyzing the corresponding canonical functions in the space of cognitive abilities, the function is defined by all variables, as well as by another set of data, the function is defined by all situational motor variables. As all cognitive abilities are in direct proportionality with the results of situational motor skills tests, it can be concluded that subjects with higher spatialisation ability and higher IQ will have good results in specific motor, especially in volleyball. These results are logical considering the structure of performing exercises from sports games especially volleyball, which require good coordination of movements, which is directly related to cognitive abilities.
THE LEADERSHIP OF HUMAN RESOURCE TRAINING AND THEIR IMPACT ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE
Authors:   Leadership Business Department, Business College, Pristina, Kosovo, Kosovo, Xhemajli Ariana , Vokshi Brikenda ,   Marketing Business Department, Business College, Pristina, Kosovo, Kosovo, Neziraj Emin ,   Management and Informatics, Business Faculty, University "Haxhi Zeka", Peja, Kosovo
Published: October 2022

The aims of this paper are to contribute to the deepening of research in this field in SEE countries, but also the application of appropriate knowledge in organizations, to increase performance, improve organizational culture, strengthen leadership of human resource management. The paper examines the factors that affect employee motivation and encourages the understanding that continuous improvement of knowledge can achieve high results that would reflect on their professional success and personal needs, as well as on the business of the organization. The paper is realized in accordance with the contemporary principles of scientific-research work. In the analysis, special attention was paid to the works and attitude research results show a significant positive correlation between attitude towards company goals and attitude towards leading training, as well as development of human resource function and attitude towards training.
IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON EMPLOYEE BEHAVIOR IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS DURING THE COVID-19
Authors:   International BURCH University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sehanovic Lejla , Hadziahmetovic Nereida ,   International BURCH University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kurtcehajic Admir ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center "Plava Poliklinika", Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic that hit the world during 2019 has set an enormous challenge for the healthcare industry in B&H as well as for the entire world. The Healthcare industry was forced to find new strategies overnight to survive. This study aims to investigate the impact of transactional and transformational leadership styles on employees’ intention to stay in mediating the role of affective commitment in healthcare organizations in B&H during the COVID-19. This research has high implications for decreasing turnover in workplaces and increasing organizational commitment by contributing high commitment to the employees that will be more motivated and perform better. The data of the study were analyzed using SPSS (v20) software packages and mediation tests were applied, using 178 sample data from private healthcare institutions in B&H. The results indicate that effective commitment mediates the connection between transformational and transactional leadership and turnover intention.
Kreativitas dan Inovasi Petani Selada Air Menciptakan Peluang Usaha Mie Selada Air
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Sumbersari, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur 65145, Indonesia, Kusdiyanti Heny , Zanki M. Nurruddin ,   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Sumbersari, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur 65145, Indonesia, Prasetyo Wati Andy ,   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Sumbersari, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur 65145, Indonesia, Panduwinata Lifa Farida ,   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Sumbersari, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur 65145, Indonesia
Published: October 2022

Petani selada tidak mengenal musim, sehingga dituntut makin berkembang dalam usahanya dari waktu ke waktu. Sementara itu beberapa masalah dijumpai, antara lain petani menjual hasil panen dengan harga murah, kurangnya pengetahuan tentang perkembangan selada air dan pemanfaatan hasil panen. Dengan demikian, dibutuhkan peran serta masyarakat bersama pemerintah membantu para petani dalam pelatihan-pelatihan kewirausahaan profesional. Salah satunya tentang peningkatan manfaat ladang. Dalam mengelola ladang para petani harus memilih model pendekatan yang tepat sehingga dapat dicapai tujuan utama keberadaan tempat ladang sebagai tempat pemberdayan petani selada air.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Bauran Pemasaran dalam Membeli Sayur Organik di Pasar Modern Kota Medan
Authors:   Program Studi Agribinis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Jl. Kapten Mukhtar Basri No. 3 Medan 20238, Indonesia, Andriansyah Putra Yudha
Published: October 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi konsumen membeli sayur organik, sejauhmana strategi bauran pemasaran mempengaruhi kepuasan konsumen membeli sayur organik, sejauh mana hubungan kepuasan konsumen dengan loyalitas konsumen dalam membeli sayur organik, dan bagaimana perbedaan sikap dan minat konsumen dalam membeli sayur organik di Carrefour plaza Medan fair, dan Supermarket Brastagi, Medan. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori tentang perilaku konsumen, yakni faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku konsumen. Metode penelitiannya adalah studi kasus yang didukung survey untuk mengumpulkan data mengenai faktor-faktor terkait dengan variabel penelitian. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh konsumen yang membeli sayur organik di kedua tempat penelitian. Metode analisis yang dipakai adalah Regresi linear Berganda. Dari hasil penelitian dihasilkan bahwa nilai Signifikansi dengan alpha (α) 0,10 maka nilai Sig < 0,10, dapat diartikan bahwa secara serempak variabel produk (X1), harga (X2), lokasi (X3), fasilitas (X4), pelayanan (X5) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel pembelian sayur organik sayur organik (Y).
Pengaruh Iklan Instagram terhadap Intensi Pembelian Produk
Authors:   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya JL. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat Jakarta Selatan, Jakarta 12430, Indonesia, Elvina Brenna , Erika Saunders Debby ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya JL. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat Jakarta Selatan, Jakarta 12430, Indonesia, Fadil Febrian ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya JL. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat Jakarta Selatan, Jakarta 12430, Indonesia, Clearesta Putri Maria ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya JL. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat Jakarta Selatan, Jakarta 12430, Indonesia, Abdurrahman Muhammad Muzaki ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya JL. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat Jakarta Selatan, Jakarta 12430, Indonesia
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh iklan Instagram terhadap purchaseintention produk dimana Instagram adalah media sosial yang saat ini banyak digunakan untuk memasarkan produk yang menyasar pada target konsumen. Enam dimensi yang terkandung dalam iklan Instagram yang memiliki potensi untuk mempengaruhi purchase intention yaitu performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, perceived relevance, interactivity, habit, dan informativeness. Kuesioner diadopsi dan diadaptasi dari penelitian terdahulu. Kuesioner disebarkan bagi pengguna Instagram aktif. Total kuesioner yang dikembalikan mencapai 257 dan dianalisis menggunakan regresi berganda untuk menguji pengaruh iklan Instagram terhadap purchase intention. Hasil menunjukkan faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi purchase intention adalah perceived relevance dan informativeness, lalu diikuti oleh performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, dan habit.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Niat Membeli pada Aplikasi Pemesanan Tiket Pesawatdan Kamar Hotel
Authors:   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Nayaka Bonifasius , Rebecca Audrey ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Prabowo Abimanyu D. ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Muliana Leonard S. ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya
Published: October 2022

Di era digital saat ini, model bisnis usaha berbasis online bertumbuh semakin cepat. Masyarakat Indonesia mulai mengalami pergeseran perilaku terkait kemudahan untuk mendapatkan produk yang diinginkan. Salah satu contoh usaha online yang sedang marak berkembang adalah online traveling. Penelitian ini berfokus kepada beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi niat beli tiket dan kamar hotel secara online melalui aplikasi. Adapun konstruk yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kualitas pelayanan, pengalaman membeli konsumen, harga serta niat beli. Penelitian dilakukan di Indonesia dengan sample populasi masyarakat yang pernah menggunakan aplikasi pemesanan tiket dan kamar hotel dan berdomisili di Jabodetabek. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah dari ketiga faktor yang mempengaruhi niat beli pada aplikasi pemesanan tiket dan kamar hotel, pengalaman membeli konsumen memilki pengaruh paling kuat dibandingkan dengan kedua variable lain yaitu harga dan kualitas layanan dalam mendorong terciptanya niat beli dari konsumen pada aplikasi pemesanan tiket dan kamar hotel.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Niat Membeli Rumah di Jabodetabek Menurut Teori Model Perilaku Pembeli
Authors:   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Aljufri Abdullah , Amalia Meidhani, Alyshia ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi,Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Adriel Hans ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi,Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Wijaya Limas Ricardo ,   Program Magister Manajemen, Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi,Universitas Prasetiya Mulya
Published: October 2022

Pengembang perumahan di Jabodetabek seringkali menyediakan rumah hanya berdasarkan faktor ekonomi masyarakat sekitar tanpa mempelajari minat dan preferensi dari pelanggan, sehingga seringkali terjadi ketidakpuasan tersembunyi dari para pembeli rumah karena para pengembang tidak dapat menyediakan sebuah rumah yang menjawab kebutuhan tersembunyi mereka. Diperlukan sebuah pemahaman yang baik terhadap faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pelanggan dalam membeli rumah sehingga dapat menguntungkan kedua belah pihak baik pengembang maupun pembeli. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelanggan dalam membeli rumah. Konsep persepsi terdiri atas atribut-atribut yang melekat pada sebuah rumah seperti; fitur didalam rumah, luas ruang hidup, jarak / aksesibilitas, dan lingkungan. Hasil dari konsep tersebut mengarahkan ke sebuah intensi untuk membeli rumah. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa variabel lain yang dimasukkan ke dalam riset ini yaitu takhayul-nomor dan hantu, nama developer, dan pendanaan. Tujuan dari riset ini adalah untuk menguji atribut-atribut rumah apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap munculnya intensi membeli rumah. Berdasarkan dari 212 responden dewasa yang telah bekerja memiliki sebuah temuan yang menyatakan bahwa fitur rumah, pendanaan, aksesibilitas, lingkungan, ruang hidup, kredibilitas developer memiliki hubungan positif dengan intensi pembelian rumah sedangkan aspek takhayul tidak mempengaruhi intensi seseorang dalam membeli rumah.
The Effect of Price and Perceived Quality Dimensions on Customer Satisfaction
Authors:   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Cilandak Campus, Jl. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat, Jakarta Selatan 12430, Sukarsa Andreas , Phina Devi ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Cilandak Campus, Jl. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat, Jakarta Selatan 12430, Anggraini Dyah Ratna ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Cilandak Campus, Jl. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat, Jakarta Selatan 12430, Jaya Nugraha Jimmy ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Cilandak Campus, Jl. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat, Jakarta Selatan 12430, Rivansky Kevin Andrianto ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Cilandak Campus, Jl. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat, Jakarta Selatan 12430, Ardianto Eka ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Cilandak Campus, Jl. RA. Kartini (TB Simatupang), Cilandak Barat, Jakarta Selatan 12430
Published: October 2022

The goal of this research is to analyze the effect of service quality dimensions and price toward customer satisfaction on western fast-food restaurant in Jabodetabek. Total of 134 questionnaire responses from three most well-known brand western fast food restaurants in Jabodetabek were collected and used as the main data for this research. The method used in this research was Likert seven-point rating scales. The findings of this research indicate reliability, assurance, empathy from SERVQUAL factors have significant positive effect on customer satisfaction. However, tangibles, responsiveness, and price does not affect customer satisfaction in western fast-food restaurant in Indonesia. It seems assurance and empathy play the most important role on western fast-food restaurants in Jabodetabek region in Indonesia. The result suggests to prioritize some elements of SERVQUAL and price strategy that possibly western fast-food restaurants utilize later in future especially on urban and agglomeration area in Indonesia such as Jabodetabek.
Mercados agroecológicos
Authors: Franco Hernandez Erika Natalia , Zamora Lomelí Carla Beatriz , Mier y Terán-Giménez Cacho Mateo , Morales Helda , Perez Cassarino Julián
Published: October 2022

En este artículo se analiza el significado de los mercados agroecológicos a partir de las experiencias de la Red de Mercados Agroecológicos Campesinos y la Federación Campesina de Mercados Agroecológicos en Colombia. Para ello se utilizó el método de estudio de caso, con entrevistas semiestructuradas y encuestas. El análisis se basó en la triangulación de los resultados con el marco teórico de la construcción social de los mercados y la agroecología. Como resultado, se identifican dimensiones más allá de la comercialización directa de alimentos producidos bajo prácticas agroecológicas en el significado de mercados agroecológicos, cuyo propósito es proteger la salud, el ambiente y reivindicar al campesinado. El estudio se limita a productores/as rurales. Es una aproximación al concepto de mercado agroecológico desdelos/as consumidores/as y productores/as, teniendo la agroecología como forma de producción de alimentos y como proyecto político para el rediseño sostenible de los sistemas alimentarios para la agricultura campesina. Se encontró que los mercados agroecológicos se construyen como procesos sociales multidimensionales a partir de relaciones basadas en la confianza, que buscan educar sobre la agroecología y sus beneficios.
Hidrogeoquímica das águas subterrâneas dos domínios Santa Maria da Vitória/Cocos, (NE Bahia, Brasil)
Authors: Carvalho Julio , Nascimento Sérgio Augusto , Gonçalves Manuel Vitor , Cruz Manoel
Published: October 2022

As águas subterrâneas do Aquífero Bambuí, de natureza cárstica e fraturada, localizado na região sudoeste da Bahia, tem sido cada vez mais utilizada no abastecimento populacional, muito em função da crescente escassez das águas superficiais, decorrente de grandes períodos de estiagem. O conhecimento da composição físico-química e isotópica das águas subterrâneas contribui para que ocorra uma gestão adequada desse importante bem natural. Para realizar essa pesquisa, foram coletadas 15 amostras de águas para análises físico-químicas e isotópicas, em poços tubulares perfurados em rochas carbonáticas e pelito-carbonáticas do Grupo Bambuí de idade neoproterozoica. Os resultados analíticos permitiram realizar a classificação hidrogeoquímica quanto à presença de íons maiores dissolvidos nas águas, além de análise estatística para o entendimento do processo de salinização. A qualidade dessas águas foi definida a partir dos padrões de potabilidade, de acordo com os parâmetros físico-químicos indicados pela legislação nacional e internacional de saúde e meio ambiente. Para determinar as assinaturas isotópicas, foram utilizados os isótopos estáveis deutério e oxigênio 18 (δ2D/ δ18O), sugerindo assim a dinâmica de recarga e descarga destas águas. Palavras-Chave: Águas Subterrâneas, Aquífero Bambuí.
Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia with ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel (KATP) Openers
Authors: Atwal Kamail S. , Grover Gary J.
Published: October 2022

ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) openers are potent antihypertensive agents due to their peripheral vasodilating properties. Although KATP openers have been shown to be direct cardioprotective agents, they carry a certain degree of liability for their use as cardioprotective agents. Their potent coronary and peripheral vasodilating properties can cause complications such as coronary artery steal and hypotension resulting in underperfusion of the tissue already at risk. Also, cardioprotection is not related to action potential shortening and the development of agents devoid of this activity would be desirable. Recent studies indicate that the beneficial effects of myocardial preconditioning might be mediated via opening of the KATP· Therefore, the opening of KATP might constitute an endogenous protective mechanism used by the heart under ischemic stress. Development of therapeutics to mimic this powerful protective mechanism is an attractive approach for the discovery of myocardial protecting agents. In this review, we describe the progress made towards understanding the cardioprotective properties of KATP openers including the discovery of agents that might offer a higher margin of safety for the treatment of myocardial ischemia with this class of agents. We found distinct structure-activity relationships for the cardioprotective and vasorelaxant potencies of KATP openers. Based on the structure-activity relationship studies, we were able to find cardioprotective KATP openers (BMS- 180448) which, despite being equipotent to the first generation agents (e.g., cromakalim) as cardioprotectants, had lower vasorelaxant potencies. The cardioprotecti ve effects of these selective KA TP openers in animal models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion are also discussed in this review.
PKC Inhibitors in the Therapy of Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Wilkinson S.E. , Nixon J.S.
Published: October 2022

The protein kinase C ( PKC) family of isoenzymes was thought to mediate a wide range of signal transduction processes in cells. However, it is now widely accepted that its role may have been overstated. The advent of selective PKC inhibitors has led to a re-appraisal of the role this enzyme plays in these processes. This review shows how the structural lead provided by staurosporine, a non-selective protein kinase inhibitor, was used as a basis for the design of substituted bisindolylmaleimides with significantly improved selectivity for protein kinase C over cAMP-dependent protein kinase and phophorylase kinase. Evidence from studies with these inhibitors implicates PKC in inflammatory responses such as the neutrophil respiratory burst and antigen-driven T cell proliferation. Potent, orally bioavailable bisindolylmaleimide PKC inhibito_rs such as Ro 32-0432 inhibit phorbol ester -induced inflammation in rodents. These agents also selectively inhibit T cell mediated responses in animal models of arthritis and encephalomyelitis. Taken together, these results suggest that selective inhibitors of PKC may be useful in the therapy of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and psoriasis.
Ion Channels as Drug Targets in the Immune System
Authors: Kaczorowski Gregory J. , Slaughter Robert S. , Garcia Maria L.
Published: October 2022

Human peripheral blood T lymphocytes possess a known complement of only three types of cation channels: a voltage-gated potassium channel, Ky 1.3, a number of small conductance calcium-activated
potassium channels, Kea, and a store-depletion activated Ca2+ channel, CRAC. Modulation of either Ky1.3 or
CRAC has marked effects on T-cell activation. Inhibition of Ky1.3 attenuates activation of T cells when they are
stimulated either through the T-cell receptor or any other process which promotes elevation of free intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Ky 1.3 controls resting potential in T cells, and inhibition of this channel causes depolarization which reduces the electrochemical driving force for the increase in intracellular Ca2 +
concentration required for cell activation. It has been shown that patients with missing or modified CRAC channels are severely immunosuppressed. Although no specific inhibitors of lymphocyte CRAC channels have been identified to date, there are both peptidyl and synthetic small molecule inhibitors of Ky1.3 which block T cell activation in vitro. One of these peptides, margatoxin, has been shown to block a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in mini-pigs without toxic side effects. In addition, the homotetrameric configuration of Ky1.3 in human T lymphocytes contrasts with the heterotetrameric form of channels in brain, where Ky1.3 is combined with at least Kyl.1 and Kyl.2. Therefore, Kyl.3 is a validated target for the development of an immunosuppressant which may have ion channel selectivity against other tissues, and which may be useful in transplantation, autoimmune disease and inflammation therapy.
Terpenoids Produced by Plant Endophytic Fungi from Brazil and their Biological Activities: A Review from January 2015 To June 2021
Authors: Silva Santos Lourivaldo , Pinheiro Guilhon Giselle Skelding Pinheiro Guilhon , Moreira Araujo Railda Neyva , Cantanhede Filho Antonio José , Lopes Junior Manoel Leão , da Silva Ripardo Filho Haroldo , Brandão Cavalcante Kiany Sirley
Published: October 2022

Endophytic fungi are fungi that live inside plant tissues at any moment of
their life cycle without causing damage or disease symptoms to their hosts. These
microorganisms are producers of important substances with several biological
activities. Terpenoids are one of the main classes of natural products produced by
endophytic fungi, and have a wide range of biological activities, such as anti inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antifungal, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase,
antidepressant, antipyretic, antimalarial, among others. Brazil has one of the largest
plant reserves on the planet, consisting of an almost untapped source of endophytic
fungi. Thus, in this review chapter, we present the results of the research work of
Brazilian researchers, with a focus on the isolation and identification of secondary
metabolites of the terpenoid class produced by endophytic fungi and their biological
activities. The review period includes January 2015 and June 2021.
Potential Use of Terpenoids in Weed Management
Authors: Santana de Oliveira Mozaniel , Cruz Jordd Nevez , de Aguiar Andrade Eloisa Helena , da Silva Souza Filho Antônio Pedro
Published: October 2022

Invasive plants represent a source of economic damage to the agricultural
system, and their management has become indispensable from an agronomic point of
view, as such plants are known for their competitiveness for resources such as water,
light, nutrients, and space. Their control is performed in some cases, such as in Brazil,
through the use of pesticides, which can be harmful to human health and other animals.
With the change of habits and the search for a better quality of life, the use of these
chemicals in management areas is increasingly less encouraged. A possible ecological
alternative would be the use of natural products, as secondary metabolites have been
shown as potential promoters of phytotoxic activity. Among the allelochemicals
produced naturally, terpenoids can be highlighted because their chemical variability
can help in the sustainable management of invasive plants. 
Occupational Disease in the 21st Century: COVID-19, Climate Change, and the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Hager Kelly M. , Linde Brian , Redlich Carrie A.
Published: October 2022

The beginning of the 21st century is experiencing tremendous social,
political, and technological changes, combined with unprecedented climate change.
Recent trends towards non-standard employment, growing economic and health
disparities, and the decline of unions have served to undercut worker health and safety
protections. Traditional workplace hazards remain important and preventable
contributors to injuries and illness while new and/or newly recognized work factors are
also becoming apparent. To meet the needs of the changing times, the traditional focus
of occupational safety and health on industrial hazards is shifting toward a more
holistic framework that incorporates other work stressors, underlying disparities, and
the interactions with non-work factors. In this chapter, the major issues affecting
workers today are examined through the two defining public health crises of our time,
the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change. Initial lessons and observations from
these global challenges inform the direction occupational safety and health will take to
protect workers and prepare for an uncertain future.
Silicosis
Authors: Weissman David N. , Tallaksen Robert J.
Published: October 2022

Silica refers to the compound SiO2, which can be found as amorphous or in a variety of crystalline forms. The most common crystalline form is quartz, one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth’s crust. Other less common forms found in nature include cristobalite and tridymite. Small particle aerosols, including crystalline silica, can be generated by many activities carried out in industries such as construction, manufacturing, and mining. Respirable crystalline silica (RCS) refers to particles small enough to remain suspended in air and be inhaled into the deep lung. Inhaling sufficient amounts of RCS causes a fibrosing interstitial lung disease called silicosis. It also causes or is a risk factor for a spectrum of diseases, including lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic renal disease, increased susceptibility to tuberculosis, and various autoimmune diseases. These adverse outcomes can be prevented by recognizing potentially hazardous conditions and taking steps to control RCS exposures. Unfortunately, despite being preventable, silicosis continues to occur in many settings, including recent outbreaks in emerging settings. In the USA, recently-promulgated regulations by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) provide a comprehensive set of interventions to control RCS exposures and provide RCS-exposed workers with health surveillance for early detection of silicosis. Current treatment options for those with silicosis are limited and primarily consist of avoiding further exposure and symptomatic management, so primary prevention is extremely important.
Occupational Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Szeinuk Jaime , de la Hoz Rafael E.
Published: October 2022

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a clinical syndrome defined as non- or incompletely reversible airflow obstruction associated with persistent lower respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and excessive sputum production. The present definition probably includes more than one disease. Despite being largely preventable, COPD is often a disabling disease with accelerated longitudinal lung function loss and systemic comorbidities and is presently the third leading cause of death and one of the most important health care expenditures worldwide. While most cases are unquestionably related to tobacco smoking, it has long been suspected and is also now fairly well established that occupational and environmental exposures, as well as a variety of other factors, contribute to its causation. Most recent estimates place the fraction of COPD causation by occupational exposures at ~15% and ~30% overall and among nonsmokers, respectively. The disease occurs in workers exposed to vapors, gases, dust, and fumes at their longestheld job, and in several occupations that include miners, agricultural, cotton/textile, and construction workers, food, drink, and tobacco processors, and bus drivers, among others. There is evidence of an additive effect of occupational exposures and cigarette smoking. There is presently no evidence that treatments differ from those in widely accepted guidelines, except for the occupational interventions for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention discussed throughout this book. This is in large part due to treatment trials having required a fairly heavy smoking history and disregarded patients’ occupations. Improved appraisal of the etiological contribution of occupational exposures should lead to progress towards disease elimination.
Anaerobic Algal Biotechnology
Authors: Polat Ece
Published: October 2022

Biogas is produced with an anaerobic method, which involves live digestionof biomass in an oxygen-free environment. The second part of our book givesinformation about algae technology of the anaerobic process, which produces biogas bya biological process using animal fertilizers, food waste, and bioenergy products. Ingeneral, biogas can be used to produce heat and electricity, and its addition to thenatural gas network is even considered as a vehicle fuel. It consists of 30-40% CO2 ascontent, 45-65% CH4. Conversion of CH4, which is 20 times more harmful than CO2 asa greenhouse gas, into energy is essential for the protection of environmental impact. Inthis sense, the burning of biogas emerges as a greenhouse gas reduction strategy.
Algal Biodiesel Chemical Characterization
Authors: Koyunoğlu Cemil , Yaşar Fevzi
Published: October 2022

Algae have been produced or evaluated as a nutritional supplement inanimal husbandry, rather than as an alternative energy source for many years. As aresult of biomass energy research, which has accelerated in recent years with theimpact of rising oil prices, algae have started to be seen as a promising energy source.Despite being successful in laboratory research, pilot, and small-scale experiments, alsocalled third-generation biofuel technologies and aiming to use many algae species innature as an energy source, the desired yield cannot be obtained if ideal processescannot be created in large-scale local productions. In general, algae may contain about15-77% fat although the volume varies by species. Compared to other oil plants, theirhigh oil content and growth efficiency make algae attractive for biodiesel and biogasproduction. The production of these fuels from algae has the potential to respond to theincreasing global energy need and, in part, to contribute to the prevention of globalwarming by converting more than enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere intoefficient products through photosynthesis.
Lipid Production in Microalgae
Authors: Uslu Leyla , Işık Oya
Published: October 2022

Microalgae, which are considered to be the living group that uses water andsolar energy most effectively, have attracted the attention of researchers. Researches onefficient production of microalgae from starter cultures in the laboratory environmentto outdoor ponds and photobioreactors continue in many countries. In addition to theknown microalgae species, studies to search for new microalgae species that are rich innutrient content and ease of production are ongoing. Of course, the researches alsoinclude more economical algae production studies. Algae and algae produced as larvalfood in aquaculture can be used as food support, as well as in the production ofnutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, like food coloring, soil fertilizer, and plantdiseases. Algal oils and algal biomass have been gaining interest in renewable energysources, especially in recent years, and studies in this area continue. Theimplementation of all these issues is based on well-known algal physiology and therealization of successful algae cultures.
Closing Remarks
Authors: Koyunoğlu Cemil , Karaca Hüseyin
Published: October 2022

In order to better evaluate the water potential of our world, we will now takea look at the various aquatic products that have had a significant impact on the biotechindustry, from research materials to nutritional additives.
Composites in Localized Controlled Drug Delivery Systems (LCDDSs)
Authors: Naghib Seyed Morteza , Hoseinpour Samin , Zarshad Shadi
Published: October 2022

Localized controlled drug delivery systems (LCDDSs) have become the
main topic in drug delivery, tissue engineering and pharmaceutical science by
enhancing formulations and processes of controlled delivery. The side effects and
problems of materials/biomaterials are critical and may lead to several issues, such as
reducing the effective drug dose, delaying the treatment process, and not having a
particular continuous treatment. Therefore, composites composed of hybrid
materials/biomaterials with excellent release properties, biocompatibility, stability and
biodegradability, with local adjusted release rates, are an alternate choice for protective
drug delivery. Several approaches to fabricating composite-based LCDDSs include
emulsification-solvent evaporation, spray drying, electrospraying, supercritical fluids
processing, microfluidics, and nanoprecipitation/solvent displacement and emulsion.
This chapter describes the advances in micro/nanoscaled composite-based LCDDSs
and their fabrication methods.