bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДОСВІД ПРОЦЕСУ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЇ У КРАЇНАХ ЄВРОПИ
Authors: Ливдар М.В. , Федевич Л.С. , Корначук О.Ю.
Published: July 2020

Децентралізація була і залишається провідним способом реформування економічних систем країн світу, що дає змогу концентрувати більше коштів у органах місцевого самоврядування. У процесі проведення реформ місцеві органи управління отримують більше прав та можливостей, особливо у розпорядженні фінансовими ресурсами, для забезпечення якісного обслуговування та модернізації своїх адміністративно-територіальних одиниць із метою покращення життя громадян. Розглянуто досвід зарубіжних країн, який показує способи акумулювання коштів у місцевих бюджетах та покращення якості життя громадян, а також рівномірного навантаження регіонів відповідно до їхніх можливостей. Досліджено особливості та механізми децентралізації в країнах Європи, зокрема, досвід Італії, Польщі, Румунії та Латвії. Виділено основні напрями проведення реформ із децентралізації в Україні.
МАРКЕТИНГОВІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РИНКУ ПОСЛУГ: МІЖНАРОДНІ ТА НАЦІОНАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Вовчанська О.М. , Іванова Л.О.
Published: July 2020

Стаття присвячена ідентифікації структурних змін на світовому ринку послуг у міжнародному та національних аспектах. Маркетинговими дослідженнями підтверджено посилення ролі послуг у сучасній економіці. Здійснено аналіз динаміки експорту та імпорту послуг у макрорегіонах світу та у країнах різного рівня економічного розвитку. Укладено та проаналізовано рейтинг країн за показниками експорту та імпорту на світовому ринку послуг. Проаналізовано структурні зміни світового ринку послуг. Досліджено структуру експорту та імпорту послуг в Україні. Наголошується, що пандемія COVID-19 негативно вплине на світовий ринок послуг, а його відновлення вимагатиме ефективних економічних і політичних заходів, поглиблення співпраці між країнами та зниження бар’єрів у взаємній торгівлі найперспективнішими і швидко зростаючими видами послуг.
Workplace Stress: Issues and Management
Authors: Miharti Ida
Published: July 2020

This paper tries to show that workplace stress should be managed. Workplace stress can be influences individual life, not only in its family but also in its society. Work and nonwork factor can be interacting each other, that can be made stress become. So, it is important to find how to manage individual stress, especially in workplace stress.
Dynamics model for the thermal performance from a lyophilization process, based on a complete transfer functions matrix
Authors: Rodríguez- Ibarra Maria Elizabeth , Rodríguez Vázquez Eloy Edmundo , Arteaga-Martínez Ana Marell , Narváez-Granados Samantha Lilia , Zuñiga-Osorio Helen Janeth , Villasana-Velázquez Victor Miguel
Published: July 2020

During the beginning of the XX century lyophilization was developed as an alternative technology to extend the storage time for fruit and vegetables or other kind of food; however, the energetic consumption of this technology makes it not an option for common food producers, less over for those one that work by the open field cultivation technique. The main energy consumption in a lyophilization systems are the motors from the vacuum pump and from the refrigerant compressors; due to the temperature range needs the lyophilization systems use to have more than one cooling thermodynamic system based on vapor compression. This paper describes an experimental methodology to get a complete state transfer functions matrix, based on the graphical analysis of the concerned transfer functions magnitude spectra. This experimental data came from a set of test performed at the National Laboratory for Cooling Technology Research (LaNITeF) at the Engineering Center for Industrial Development (CIDESI). The intention of this transfer functions matrix is to be applied in a control strategy to then optimize the energetic performance of the concerned lyophilization system. This function transfer matrix is considered complete because there is not a dynamic order reduction considering its degrees of freedom. The transfer functions matrix describes the dynamic relationship between both the inputs variables that describe the energetic consumption of the lyophilization system, and the ambient conditions, as well as the output variables that represent the dynamical states vector with the variables of interest from the concerned process. The simulation from an experimental scenario worked as the graphical validation of the transfer functions matrix characterized experimentally, so the main conclusion of this scientific work is that this transfer functions matrix can be used as dynamic model to implement control and optimization algorithms.
DINAMIKA ZAKAT DALAM TINJAUAN SEJARAH KEINDONESIAAN: KAJIAN POSITIFIKASI DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI EKONOMI UMAT
Authors: Fikriawan Suad
Published: July 2020

This study aims to outline how it should go back to the era when the charity in terms of its historical context by tracing regulations since the pre-colonial, Kolonia, the old order, a new order and until the era of reform. This study suggests that the zakat law positifikasi believed by many good scholars, Muslim scholars, and charity watchdog, as the best solution for the realization of the optimization of the collection and management of zaka, as one obligation for Muslims. Then the Law no. 38 of 1999 on Zakah Management is aimed at optimizing the distribution of zakat economic equality and development, but it needs to be supported by a business entity Zakah is a modern and professional. Zakah funds should be directed to small businesses run by the majority of the ummah, in this case agriculture, and the livelihoods of the majority of Muslims and people of Indonesia. Thus the charity will be able to influence the economic development of society.
TEORI MEDAN MAKNA DAN KONTEKSTUALITAS HUKUM ISLAM KONTEMPORER: REINTERPRETASI HADIS-HADIS ETIKA EKONOMI ISLAM DALAM WACANA SEMANTIK
Authors: Wahyu Hanafi Nafi'ah,
Published: July 2020

This study aims to describe the actualization of semantic field theory in the reinterpretation of the hadiths of Islamic economic ethics. This research uses descriptive interpretive method. Actualization of semantic field theory can be explained when want to know the meaning of a word then must know the meaning of the word associated with the previous word. If viewed from the nature of the semantic relationship, then the words are grouped into a semantic field divided into 1). sintagmatic 2). set field (paradigmatic). The results of this study explain 1). Hadiths about Islamic economic ethics narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawud with the word focus "syafā'at". contains the meaning of "mediator of goodness". The meaning of this "intermediary of goodness" is obtained through the formulation of the syntagmatic field, namely to comprehend a series of semantically interconnected words such as "double and rescue" meaning. Semantically terminology, the meaning of the word hadith is "Whosoever intercedes for a good to his brother, then he is rewarded and received, then he has come to a great door of the doors of usury. 2). Hadith about Islamic economic ethics narrated by Muslims. The word focus of the hadith is the word "gharar" which is semantically interpreted by "deception". The meaning of "deception" is obtained through the formulation of the syntagmatic field, namely by understanding the meaning of words that are still relevant to the word "deception", such as the word "unclear, and syubhat". In semantic terms, the meaning of the hadith is "Rasulullah Saw forbade buying by throwing stones and buying fraud. 3). Hadiths about Islamic economic ethics that Bukhori maintains. The focus word of the hadith is "Najsyi" which is semantically interpreted as "deceiving". The meaning of "deceiving" is derived from the paradigmatic field formulation, ie by understanding the relationship between elements at a certain level and other language elements such as "unclean, dirty, and disease" meaning. In semantic terms, the meaning of the hadith is "That the Messenger of Allah forbade buying by way of deceiving".
Corruption in The Text and Context of The Qur’an: Maudhu'i's Interpretation Approach
Authors: Fikriawan Suad , Kholiq Abdul , Parangu Kaukabilla Alya
Published: July 2020

This article aims to define the meaning of corruption through the text of the Qur’an and contextualize it in the example of the practice of violations committed by several groups of state and regional organizations. The author tries to use the maudhu'i interpretation approach because there are not many studies using this approach and specifically about corruption. Likewise in the Islamic perspective, the text of the Qur'an mentions several terms of corruption such as al-dalw (Al-Baqarah: 188), ghulul (Ali Imran: 161), saraqah (Al-Maidah: 38), and al -suht (Al-Maidah: 42), which in its context experienced an expansion of meaning along with the development of corruption cases that occurred in Indonesia. For example the word al-dalw (Al-Baqarah: 188) implies enriching oneself or others, abuse of authority, and bribery. Ghulul (Ali Imran: 161) implies enriching oneself or others, harming state finances, abuse of authority, embezzlement, gratuity. Then Saraqah (Al-Maidah: 38) implies enriching oneself or another person, harming state finances, abuse of authority, embezzlement. And lastly al-suht (Al-Maidah: 42) implies enriching oneself or others, abuse of authority, bribery 

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendefinisikan arti korupsi melalui teks al-Qur'an dan mengontekstualisasikannya dalam contoh praktik pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh beberapa kelompok organisasi negara dan regional. Penulis mencoba menggunakan pendekatan interpretasi maudhu'i karena tidak banyak penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan ini dan khususnya tentang korupsi. Demikian juga dalam perspektif Islam, teks al-Qur'an menyebutkan beberapa istilah korupsi seperti al-dalw (Al-Baqarah: 188), ghulul (Ali Imran: 161), saraqah (Al-Maidah: 38), dan al -suht (Al-Maidah: 42), yang dalam konteksnya mengalami perluasan makna seiring dengan perkembangan kasus korupsi yang terjadi di Indonesia. Misalnya kata al-dalw (Al-Baqarah: 188) menyiratkan memperkaya diri sendiri atau orang lain, penyalahgunaan wewenang, dan penyuapan. Ghulul (Ali Imran: 161) menyiratkan memperkaya diri sendiri atau orang lain, merusak keuangan negara, penyalahgunaan wewenang, penggelapan, gratifikasi. Kemudian Saraqah (Al-Maidah: 38) menyiratkan memperkaya diri sendiri atau orang lain, merugikan keuangan negara, penyalahgunaan wewenang, penggelapan. Dan terakhir al-suht (Al-Maidah: 42) menyiratkan memperkaya diri sendiri atau orang lain, penyalahgunaan wewenang, penyuapan.
Colombia Como un "Poder Medio Oceánico": Análisis de las Interacciones del País Dentro de la Región de la Cuenca del Caribe
Authors: Urrego-González Felipe , Correa-Ramos Nicolás
Published: July 2020

En los últimos años, Colombia ha crecido como protagonista en las realidades de América Latina. El país se encuentra en una posición geográfica favorable al encontrarse en la esquina norte de América del Sur, lo que le permite interactuar no solo regionalmente con Sudamérica sino también con Centro América y el Caribe. Además, el reciente acuerdo de paz con un grupo insurgente y el vacío de poder que dejó su desmovilización han desarrollado oportunidades regionales y amenazas no solo a nivel nacional, sino también se debe considerar el impacto de organizaciones delictivas transnacionales a nivel regional. Teniendo en cuenta un enfoque constructivista de seguridad internacional y siguiendo los conceptos de “Complejo de Seguridad Regional” (CSR) y “Poder Medio Oceánico”, el presente manuscrito realiza un análisis acerca de cómo el gobierno colombiano ha venido interactuando con otros estados en la Región de la Cuenca del Caribe para generar condiciones de seguridad y defensa común.
La función pública, organización y direccionamiento: fundamento esencial en la administración pública
Authors: Turizo-Tapias Héctor
Published: July 2020

La presente temática examina lo referente al lugar que ocupa la función pública en la organización y direccionamiento dentro de la administración pública, en su compromiso constitucional de responder al cumplimiento de los fines y fines esenciales del Estado, eje de su actividad, buscando la importante y suficiente articulación y gestión entre el empleo público y las personas que lo integran. Para ello argumentamos analíticamente las normatividades al respecto, las recomendaciones de tratadistas en el tema, los manuales de funciones como herramienta de gestión de talento humano y la Carta Iberoamericana de la función pública. Este compromiso origina tanta importancia para la administración pública, puesto que la función pública ocupa en nuestra Constitución poco más de la mitad de sus artículos, por lo que se procura detallar no solo la función pública en sí, sino, el fundamento esencial que ella contiene dentro de la administración pública para alcanzar los fines.
Mechanical Properties of GFR & Graphite Epoxy Polymer Composites
Authors: Aakash A. , Selvaraj S.
Published: July 2020

Composite materials have the great potential and widely used as building material in numerous applications. Polymer composite material obtains the necessary properties in a controlled significant degree by the selection of strands and lattice. The properties of the materials have been selected by choosing the correct proportion of matrix and reinforcements. To build the quality of the material by expanding the fiber substance of the material. In this current examination, the mechanical properties of the glass fiber and graphite is strengthened with epoxy polymer composite were considered. Here the open embellishment method was received for the manufacture of the polymer composite The mechanical properties, for example, rigidity, compression quality, sway quality and water ingestion test was resolved according to the ASTM norms. The mechanical properties were improved as the filaments support content expanded in the grid material.
The Influence of Changes in Sales Culture and Competitive Advantages to Consumer Behavior Online Shop on Covid-19 Pandemic Conditions
Authors: Alika Vinnoya Apcaresta , Riyanto Setyo
Published: July 2020

Coronavirus has introduced us to life online. Online Shop development or online store through internet media already mushed in Indonesia. The quality of service that exceeds the expectations of consumers can attract consumer shopping and consumer confidence in the Online Shop is a key point to establish long-term relationship with consumers. The research uses primary data obtained from questionnaires distributed to 75 entrepreneurs affected by COVID-19. This study explains the partial and simultaneous influences between marketing culture variables (X1), competative Excellence (X2), and consumer attitudes (Y). A significant and positive influence and reliable on the use of Sales Culture and Competitive Advantage on Consumer Behavior. This indicates that the Sales Culture (X1) and Competitive Advantage (X2) Usage variables provide a simultaneous effect of 22% on Consumer Behavior (Y).
Okos város fejlesztés, a Belügyminisztérium és Monor város együttműködése
Authors: Hornyik Zsuzsanna
Published: July 2020

Smart City developments mean an entirety of innovative solutions which make living in the city more liveable, more comfortable and more economic. These developments aim the realisation of complex integrated systems which intend firstly the development of effectiveness and competitiveness of the economy including among others the development of built surroundings, of an integrated traffic control system and of information technologies and further the dissemination of the process results in the widest possible circle. But what does it all mean in the practice, we asked Miklós Durai, deputy secretary of state for self-government in the Ministry of Interior, who was interviewed by Zsuzsanna Hornyik.
THE PROBLEMS OF INCREASING COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ENTERPRISE AND THE DIGITIZATION OF REGIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Gasanov E. A. , Lee Lin , Lyu Wei
Published: July 2020

In this article the possibility of implementation of strategy of development and increase of competitiveness of firm in the conditions of the territory of the advancing social and economic development and digitalization is considered. The impact of digital technologies on firm competitiveness is becoming crucial and strategic.
THE EXPORT OF THE KHABAROVSK REGION:
STATEANDPROSPECTS
Authors: Kolesnikova Y. S. , Boiko T. S.
Published: July 2020

As the title implies the article describes the importance of the export of various goods of the Khabarovsk krai; The text gives a valuable information on the dynamics of export volumes for the period 2014-2018 in Russia and the Khabarovsk krai. Attention is drawn to a change in its share during the considered period of time. An analogy is drawn between the development of this direction in the whole country and in a single Khabarovsk krai. The main problems are identified which do not allow to fully realize the export potential of the Khabarovsk krai. It is described in short specific methods for the development of the export of goods from this region, which are used by the leadership of the region.
THE MODERN TRENDS OF THE KHABAROVSK REGION EXPORTSUPPORT
Authors: Titova S. Y.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to export promotion measures investigation. The most popular measures of export promotion are identified on the basis of exporters’ opinion analysis. They are: industrial fairs participation, providing with market information and financial support. On the basis of international practice analysis the conclusion was made that the structure of popular measures in the region is not quite adequate to contemporary trends. Also main export promotion targets are evaluated.
THE PROBLEMS OF SPECIFIC MARKETING CHANNELS USE
INMODERNRETAIL
Authors: Ivashkin M. V. , Sviridova L. A.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses promising new channels of marketing communications, problems and opportunities that arise for companies using them. Particular attention is paid to omni-channel channels, as the most effective in terms of attracting target customers.
EFFECTIVE FACTORS OF IMPLEMENTING EFFICIENT SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGY ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE
Authors: Daneshvar Maryam , Razavi Hajiagha Seyed Hossein , Tupėnaitė Laura , Khoshkheslat Farkhondeh
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, the importance of supply chain management and its effect on business performance is undeniable.
Boosting competitive environment makes every single firm adopt an assignable supply chain strategy. This study is one of the rare
practical researches that recognize key factors related to the application of a successful and efficient supply chain strategy.
So far, many researchers have conducted studies on responsive supply chain strategy; but in this study, it is sought to focus
on efficient supply chain strategies due to increasing need for organizations to enhance efficiency and reduce costs. Structural
equation modelling using SmartPLS software is used to examine the research assumptions. Analysis of the structural model showed
that there is a positive relationship between implementation of efficient supply chain strategy with supply chain performance;
therefore the main research hypothesis is confirmed. Research revealed internal integration, top management support and information
technology as efficient supply chain characteristics that have positive effects on supply chain performance. To reduce costs of
implementation of efficient supply chain strategy, it is necessary to invest in factors that influence supply chain performance
positively.
A Spectroscopic Classification Survey to Search for New ρ Puppis Stars
Authors: McGahee Courtney , Gray Richard O. , Griffin R. E. M. , Birchard Mariah , Day Jared
Published: July 2020

The ρ Puppis stars are mid-F-type stars that show peculiar chemical-abundance patterns similar to those of the Am stars. Typically they exhibit overabundances of iron-peak elements such as Fe and Ni and s- and r-process elements such as Sr and Eu, and underabundances of certain other elements including He, Ca, and Sc. It has been proposed that these stars are evolving Am stars passing through the short-lived phase that occurs between the re-establishment of convection and the consequent erasure of their chemical peculiarities. In this paper we suggest a second hypothesis: these stars may have acquired their peculiar abundance patterns in a fashion similar to the Barium stars, i.e., they may have gained the s-process element enhancements via mass transfer from a once asymptotic giant-branch companion star, now turned white dwarf. This study will detail our efforts to investigate the ρ Puppis stars with regard to these two hypotheses, with a view to understanding these stars and their significance in terms of stellar evolution. We have performed a spectral classification survey, and a detailed chemical-abundance analysis of selected ρ Puppis stars. This paper gives an overview of the ρ Puppis stars and describes the spectral classification survey which has increased the number of ρ Puppis stars currently known from 6 to 49. A future paper will describe the chemical-abundance analysis which should provide insight into the nature of these stars.
Two Intermediate-mass Transiting Brown Dwarfs from the TESS Mission
Authors: Carmichael Theron W. , Quinn Samuel N. , Mustill Alexander J. , Huang Chelsea , Zhou George , Persson Carina M. , Nielsen Louise D. , Collins Karen A. , Ziegler Carl , Collins Kevin I. , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Shporer Avi , Brahm Rafael , Mann Andrew W. , Bouchy Francois , Fridlund Malcolm , Stassun Keivan G. , Hellier Coel , Seidel Julia V. , Stalport Manu , Udry Stephane , Pepe Francesco , Ireland Michael , Žerjal Maruša , Briceño César , Law Nicholas , Jordán Andrés , Espinoza Néstor , Henning Thomas , Sarkis Paula , Latham David W.
Published: July 2020

We report the discovery of two intermediate-mass transiting brown dwarfs (BDs), TOI-569b and TOI-1406b, from NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission. TOI-569b has an orbital period of P = 6.55604 ± 0.00016 days, a mass of M

b
= 64.1 ± 1.9

, and a radius of R

b
= 0.75 ± 0.02

. Its host star, TOI-569, has a mass of M
⋆ = 1.21 ± 0.05

, a radius of R
⋆ = 1.47 ± 0.03

,

dex, and an effective temperature of T
eff = 5768 ± 110 K. TOI-1406b has an orbital period of P = 10.57415 ± 0.00063 days, a mass of M

b
= 46.0 ± 2.7

, and a radius of R

b
= 0.86 ± 0.03

. The host star for this BD has a mass of M
⋆ = 1.18 ± 0.09

, a radius of R
⋆ = 1.35 ± 0.03

,

dex, and an effective temperature of T
eff = 6290 ± 100 K. Both BDs are in circular orbits around their host stars and are older than 3 Gyr based on stellar isochrone models of the stars.  TOI-569 is one of two slightly evolved stars known to host a transiting BD (the other being KOI-415). TOI-1406b is one of three known transiting BDs to occupy the mass range of 40–50

and one of two to have a circular orbit at a period near 10 days (with the first being KOI-205b).  Both BDs have reliable ages from stellar isochrones, in addition to their well-constrained masses and radii, making them particularly valuable as tests for substellar isochrones in the BD mass–radius diagram.
Feasibility of Observing Gamma-Ray Polarization from Cygnus X-1 Using a CubeSat
Authors: Yang Chien-Ying , Chang Yi-Chi , Liang Hung-Hsiang , Chu Che-Yen , Hsiang Jr-Yue , Chiu Jeng-Lun , Lin Chih-Hsun , Laurent Philippe , Rodriguez Jerome , Chang Hsiang-Kuang
Published: July 2020

Instruments flown on CubeSats are small. Meaningful applications of CubeSats in astronomical observations rely on the choice of a particular subject that is feasible for CubeSats. Here we report the result of a feasibility study for observing gamma-ray polarization from Cygnus X-1 using a small Compton polarimeter on board a 3U CubeSat. Silicon detectors and cerium bromide scintillators were employed in the instrument models that we discuss in this study. Through Monte Carlo simulations with a Geant4-based MEGAlib package, we found that, with a 10 Ms on-axis, zenith-direction observation in a low-inclination, low-altitude, Earth-orbit radiation background environment, the minimum detectable polarization degree can be down to about 10% in 160–250 keV, 20% in 250–400 keV, and 65% in 400–2000 keV. A 3U CubeSat dedicated to observing Cygnus X-1 can therefore yield useful information on the polarization state of gamma-ray emissions from the brightest persistent X-ray black hole binary in the sky.
Planes of Satellites around Simulated Disk Galaxies. I. Finding High-quality Planar Configurations from Positional Information and Their Comparison to MW/M31 Data
Authors: Santos-Santos Isabel , Domínguez-Tenreiro Rosa , Artal Héctor , Pedrosa Susana E. , Bignone Lucas , Martínez-Serrano Francisco , Gómez-Flechoso M. Ángeles , Tissera Patricia B. , Serna Arturo
Published: July 2020

We address the “plane of satellites problem” by studying planar configurations around two disk galaxies with no late major mergers, formed in zoom-in hydro-simulations. Due to the current lack of good-quality kinematic data for M31 satellites, we use only positional information. So far, positional analyses of simulations are unable to find planes as thin and populated as the observed ones. We follow a novel systematic and detailed plane searching technique to study the properties and quality of planes of satellites, in both simulations or real data. In particular, (i) we extend the four-galaxy-normal density plot method (Pawlowski et al. 2013) in a way designed to efficiently identify high-quality planes (i.e., thin and populated) without imposing extra constraints on their properties, and (ii), we apply it for the first time to simulations. Using zoom-in simulations allows us to mimic Milky Way/M31-like systems regarding the number of satellites involved as well as galactic disk effects. In both simulations, we find satellite planar configurations that are compatible, along given time intervals, with all of the spatial characteristics of observed planes identified using the same methodology. During most of these periods, planes are approximately perpendicular to the galactic disk. However, the fraction of co-orbiting satellites within them is, in general, low, suggesting time-varying satellite membership. We conclude that high-quality positional planes of satellites could be not infrequent in ΛCDM-formed disk galaxies with a quiet assembly history. Detecting kinematically coherent, time-persistent planes demands considering the full six-dimensional phase-space information of satellites.
The Spin-period History of Intermediate Polars
Authors: Patterson Joseph , de Miguel Enrique , Kemp Jonathan , Dvorak Shawn , Monard Berto , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Vanmunster Tonny , Skillman David R. , Cejudo David , Campbell Tut , Roberts George , Jones Jim , Cook Lewis M. , Bolt Greg , Rea Robert , Ulowetz Joseph , Krajci Thomas , Menzies Kenneth , Lowther Simon , Goff William , Stein William , Wood Matt A. , Myers Gordon , Stone Geoffrey , Uthas Helena , Karamehmetoglu Emir , Seargeant Jim , McCormick Jennie
Published: July 2020

We report the detailed history of spin-period changes in five intermediate polars (DQ Herculis, AO Piscium, FO Aquarii, V1223 Sagittarii, and BG Canis Minoris) during the 30–60 yr since their original discovery. Most are slowly spinning up, although there are sometimes years-long episodes of spin-down. This is supportive of the idea that the underlying magnetic white dwarfs are near spin equilibrium. In addition to the ∼40 stars sharing many properties and defined by their strong, pulsed X-ray emission, there are a few rotating much faster (P < 80 s), whose membership in the class is still in doubt—and who are overdue for closer study.
Coherent Stellar Motion in Galactic Spiral Arms by Swing Amplification
Authors: Michikoshi Shugo , Kokubo Eiichiro
Published: July 2020

We perform local N-body simulations of disk galaxies and investigate the evolution of spiral arms. We calculate the time autocorrelation of the surface density of spiral arms and find that the typical evolution timescale is described by the epicycle period. We investigate the distribution of the orbital elements of stars and find that in spiral arms the epicycle motions of stars are in phase while the spatial distribution of the guiding center is nearly uniform. These facts clearly show that the phase synchronization of the epicycle motion takes place, which is theoretically predicted by the swing amplification.
Implications of Inhomogeneous Metal Mixing for Stellar Archaeology
Authors: Tarumi Yuta , Hartwig Tilman , Magg Mattis
Published: July 2020

The first supernovae enrich the previously pristine gas with metals, out of which the next generation of stars form. Based on hydrodynamical simulations, we develop a new stochastic model to predict the metallicity of star-forming gas in the first galaxies. On average, in internally enriched galaxies, the metals are well mixed with the pristine gas. However, in externally enriched galaxies, the metals cannot easily penetrate into the dense gas, which yields a significant metallicity difference between the star-forming and average gas inside a halo. To study the consequences of this effect, we apply a semianalytical model to Milky Way–like dark matter merger trees and follow stellar fossils from high redshift until the present day with a novel realistic metal mixing recipe. We calibrate the model to reproduce the metallicity distribution function (MDF) at low metallicities and find that a primordial initial mass function (IMF) with a slope of

from 2 to

best reproduces the MDF. Our improved model for inhomogeneous mixing can have a large impact for individual minihalos but does not significantly influence the modeled MDF at [Fe/H] ≳ −4 or the best-fitting Population III IMF.
Thermally Unstable Cooling Stimulated by Uplift: The Spoiler Clusters
Authors: Martz C. G. , McNamara B. R. , Nulsen P. E. J. , Vantyghem A. N. , Gingras M-J. , Babyk Iu. V. , Russell H. R. , Edge A. C. , McDonald M. , Tamhane P. D. , Fabian A. C. , Hogan M. T.
Published: July 2020

Chandra X-ray observations are analyzed for five galaxy clusters whose atmospheric cooling times, entropy parameters, and ratios of cooling time to freefall time within the central galaxies lie below 1 Gyr, below 30 keV cm2, and between 20 ≲ min(t
cool/t
ff) ≲ 50, respectively. These thermodynamic properties are commonly associated with molecular clouds, bright Hα emission, and star formation in central galaxies. However, all have Hα luminosities below 1040 erg s−1 in the ACCEPT database. Star formation and molecular gas are absent at the levels seen in other central galaxies with similar atmospheric properties. Only RBS 0533 may host a radio/X-ray bubble, which are commonly observed in cooling atmospheres. Signatures of uplifted, high-metallicity atmospheric gas are absent. Their atmospheres are apparently thermodynamically stable despite the absence of strong nuclear feedback. We suggest that extended filaments of nebular emission and associate molecular clouds are absent at appreciable levels because their central radio sources have failed to lift low-entropy atmospheric gas to an altitude where the ratio of the cooling time to the freefall time falls below unity and the gas becomes thermally unstable.
Taxonomy of the Cryptopygus complex. III. The revision of South African species of Cryptopygus and Isotominella (Collembola, Isotomidae)
Authors: Potapov Mikhail B. , Janion-Scheepers Charlene , Deharveng Louis
Published: July 2020

Species of the genera of the Cryptopygus complex in South Africa are morphologically revised. Five new species of the genus Cryptopygus Willem, 1902 s. s. and one new species of the genus Isotominella Delamare Deboutteville, 1948 are described. Cryptopygus abulbussp. nov. and C. bulbussp. nov. have only one chaeta on the anterior side of dens and no chaetae on the anterior side of manubrium, the latter species being characterized by the presence of a bulb at apex of antennae; C. inflatussp. nov. shows a rare combination of eight ocelli on each side of the head with a tridentate mucro; C. longisensillussp. nov. has five long s-chaetae on the fifth abdominal segment; C. postantennalissp. nov. is unique by having a very long and slender postantennal organ with strong inner denticles; Isotominella laterochaetasp. nov. is the second member of the genus and differs from the type species by many more anterior chaetae on the manubrium and the presence of chaetae on ventral side of metathorax. The genera are discussed and a key to all species of the Cryptopygus complex recorded in South Africa is given. The focus is on the Western Cape Province where the complex is the most diverse and sampling more complete than in other provinces of South Africa.
Du paradoxe du dire à sa forclusion
Authors: Toboul Bernard
Published: July 2020

L’exil est une réalité historique. Or, c’est aussi le propre du sujet de l’inconscient que Lacan définit comme exilé du rapport sexuel. Le réel du non rapport sexuel se constitue-t-il comme impossible par forclusion d’un dire ? Telle est la question qui sous-tend l’affirmation de Lacan : « il n’est forclusion que du dire ». Elle répercute ses effets dans les tentatives de la civilisation de produire des dires forclos.
Sur la « forclusion du dire »
Authors: Pellion Frédéric
Published: July 2020

On tente ici de mettre en forme la perplexité suscitée par un point du texte de Bernard Toboul, « Exilés du rapport sexuel ». Pour ce faire, il semble falloir repasser par une rapide archéologie de la Verwerfung freudienne, puis suivre son devenir jusqu’à la « forclusion de fait » de Lacan.
Trois petits mots, un univers
Authors: Vellut Natacha
Published: July 2020

Parler d’amour et haine c’est articuler ce qui paraît inarticulable : le symbolique des signifiants et le réel ineffable de ce qui s’éprouve. La nuit du chasseur , film qu’aima Marguerite Duras, et le mot d’esprit, qui enchanta Sigmund Freud, nous éclairent.
Une cité logistique fragmentée. Intégration et segmentation du groupe ouvrier dans trois entrepôts en France et en Allemagne
Authors: Barbier Clément , Cuny Cécile
Published: July 2020

Les rapports des ouvrières et ouvriers de la logistique à l’ordre des entrepôts sont analysés ici à partir des résultats d’une enquête collective menée sur trois sites, l’un à Marne-la-Vallée, dans la seconde couronne est-parisienne, l’autre dans la banlieue sud-est de Francfort-sur-le-Main, le troisième à Kassel, dans le centre de l’Allemagne. Nous soulignons dans un premier temps la façon dont la structuration du groupe ouvrier au sein des entrepôts contribue, via le rôle d’encadrement des représentants syndicaux locaux, à isoler ses membres et à développer des formes de légitimation ou de loyauté à l’égard de la direction de l’entrepôt. Nous examinons ensuite les formes de contestation qui parviennent malgré tout à émerger chez les travailleuses et travailleurs. Le plus souvent exprimées en coulisses, en dehors des entrepôts, ces prises de parole et défections ouvrières sont toujours individualisées et prennent place de façon isolée dans la cité logistique au sein d’un groupe ouvrier segmenté.
Quand Géry Legrand amusait les Lillois avec Les Chansons de Desrousseaux (29 décembre 1871)
Authors: Marchand Philippe
Published: July 2020

Si Géry Legrand est resté dans l’histoire pour sa carrière politique, on ignore tout de l’homme de lettres, auteur d’une œuvre considérable et reconnue de son temps, mais ignorée de nos jours. Pour évoquer cet aspect de sa personnalité, nous retenons ici une de ses œuvres, Les Chansons de Desrousseaux. Tableau populaire , représentée à Lille le 29 décembre 1871. Après avoir évoqué la carrière littéraire de Géry Legrand, nous présenterons le synopsis et les personnages des Chansons de Desrousseaux . On s’interrogera ensuite sur les raisons qui ont pu inciter Géry Legrand à écrire cette pièce qui peut surprendre quand on connaît ses autres productions littéraires. Enfin, on abordera la question de sa réception et de son destin.
De l’impôt du sang au devoir du citoyen (1789-1872). L’engagement de la France septentrionale dans la défense de la Nation
Authors: Crépin Annie
Published: July 2020

La Révolution française invente la participation du citoyen – même celui qui ne fait pas métier des armes – à la défense nationale. Ce devoir finit par être considéré comme la liberté suprême du citoyen, voire comme l’incarnation de la citoyenneté. Elle est institutionnalisée par la création de la conscription que chacun des régimes qui se succèdent au xix e  siècle remodèle à sa façon mais garde, tant elle est pour l’État-nation centralisateur un outil d’achèvement de l’unité nationale. Pour autant, les Français n’y adhèrent pas unanimement ni immédiatement. Il s’en faut de quatre-vingt ans. Le processus d’enracinement de l’institution varie selon les époques, selon les couches sociales et selon les régions. Il emprunte des chemins particuliers à chaque région. En France septentrionale, par exemple, l’engagement des citoyens connaît trois phases. Au commencement des guerres de la Révolution, une acceptation initiale qui n’est pas durable. Puis, à partir de 1793, un basculement place la France septentrionale dans le « camp du refus » jusqu’à la fin de la conscription napoléonienne. L’engagement prend la forme d’une résistance à la conscription. Après la chute du premier Empire, s’ouvre une troisième phase. La France septentrionale rejoint le camp des bons départements conscriptionnels. Il est vrai que la conscription n’est pas encore le service militaire obligatoire et ne requiert pas non plus alors l’engagement personnel de chaque citoyen. La population la perçoit comme l’impôt du sang même si elle ne conteste plus la nécessité pour la collectivité de s’en acquitter.
Sites of Lomelosia graminifolia (Scabiosa graminifolia) on the northeasternmost known locality in the Alps / Rastišča vrste Lomelosia graminifolia (Scabiosa graminifolia) na najbolj severovzhodnem znanem nahajališču v Alpah
Authors: Dakskobler Igor , Trnkoczy Amadej
Published: July 2020

We studied the sites of Lomelosia graminifolia on its newly discovered, northeasternmost locality in the Alps, at the Sravnik ravine in the Trenta Valley. Individual specimens or smaller groups grow in the ravine itself or on the sunny slopes nearby at 520 to 810 m a.s.l. on gravelly and rocky sites with shallow initial soils. The communities in which it occurs can be classified into two associations. The stands on scree slopes were classified into the association Stipetum calamagrostis. The stands on gravelly grasslands were compared with similar, previously described communities in the Southern and Southeastern Alps. In view of obvious floristic and ecological differences between them we described a new association – Aquilegio einseleanae-Caricetum mucronatae.

Key words: phytosociology, synsystematics, Lomelosia graminifolia, Stipetum calamagrostis, Julian Alps, Triglav National Park, Slovenia

 

Izvleček

Preučili smo rastišča vrste Lomelosia graminifolia na njenem novo odkritem najbolj severovzhodnem nahajališču v Alpah, v grapi Sravnik v dolini Trente. Tam posamezni primerki ali manjše skupine rastejo v sami grapi ali na prisojnih pobočjih ob njej na nadmorski višini od 520 m do 810 m na gruščnatih in skalnatih rastiščih s plitvimi inicialnimi tlemi. Združbe, v katerih uspeva, lahko uvrstimo v dve asociaciji. Sestoje na meliščih smo uvrstili v asociacijo Stipetum calamagrostis. Sestoje na gruščnatih traviščih smo primerjali s podobnimi že opisanimi združbami v Južnih in Jugovzhodnih Alpah in na podlagi očitnih florističnih in ekoloških razlik med njimi opisali novo asociacijo Aquilegio einseleanae-Caricetum mucronatae. 

Ključne besede: fitocenologija, sinsistematika, Lomelosia graminifolia, Stipetum calamagrostis, Julijske Alpe, Triglavski narodni park, Slovenija
Phytosociological analysis of Castanea sativa woods in Slovenian Istria / Fitocenološka analiza gozdnih sestojev evropskega pravega kostanja (Castanea sativa) v Slovenski Istri
Authors: Dakskobler Igor , Sadar Zvone
Published: July 2020

In Slovenian Istria we conducted a phytosociological analysis of forest stands with dominating Castanea sativa in the tree layer. These forest stands are situated in the vicinity of the village of Puče (between Šmarje and Koštabona) in the Drnica river basin, in the catchment area of the creek Malinska (between Gradin and Abitanti, near the village of Stara Mandrija) and in the catchment area of the creek Pregon (south of Pregara at the villages of Reparec and Tuniši). Based on the comparison with similar sweet chestnut woods in Croatia and Bosnia they were classified into the association Helleboro istriaci-Castaneetum sativae Medak 2009 and two new subassociations: -ornithogaletosum pyrenaici and -ruscetosum aculeati. According to our findings, the studied stands are secondary, pioneer or degradation stages, probably on former beech or oak sites from associations Ornithogalo pyrenaici-Fagetum, Seslerio autumnalis-Fagetum and Seslerio autumnalis-Quercetum petraeae. However, because Castanea sativa regenerates in these stands and persists there for generations, these stands could also be treated as a special habitat and/or forest site type, but this is an assessment best left to the competent experts.

Key words: phytosociology, synsystematics, Helleboro istriaci-Castaneetum sativae, Carpinion orientalis, Istria, Slovenia

 

Izvleček

Fitocenološko smo analizirali gozdne sestoje v Slovenski Istri, v katerih v drevesni plasti prevladuje pravi kostanj (Castanea sativa). Našli smo jih v okolici vasi Puče (med Šmarjami in Koštabono) v porečju Drnice, v povodjih potoka Malinska (med Gradinom in Abitanti, blizu vasi Stara Mandrija) in v povodju potoka Pregon (južno od Pregare pri vaseh Reparec in Tuniši). Na podlagi primerjave s podobnimi kostanjevimi gozdovi na Hrvaškem in v Bosni smo jih uvrstili v asociacijo Helleboro istriaci-Castaneetum sativae Medak 2009 in v dve novi subasociaciji: -ornithogaletosum pyrenaici in -ruscetosum aculeati. Po naših spoznanjih so preučeni sestoji drugotni, pionirski ali degradacijski stadiji na nekoč najbrž bukovih ali hrastovih rastiščih iz asociacij Ornithogalo pyrenaici-Fagetum, Seslerio autumnalis-Fagetum in Seslerio autumnalis-Quercetum petraeae. Ker pa se pravi kostanj v njih pomlajuje in ohranja več generacij, jih je mogoče vrednotiti tudi kot poseben habitatni in/ali gozdni rastiščni tip, a presojo o tem prepuščamo pristojnim strokovnjakom. 

Ključne besede: fitocenologija, sinsistematika, Helleboro istriaci-Castaneetum sativae, Carpinion orientalis, Istra, Slovenija
Sponges from rhodolith beds surrounding Ustica Island marine protected area (southern Tyrrhenian Sea), with a comprehensive inventory of the island sponge fauna
Authors: Longo Caterina , Corriero Giuseppe , Cardone Frine , Mercurio Maria , Pierri Cataldo , Nonnis Marzano Carlotta
Published: July 2020

The sponge fauna colonizing rhodolith beds from Ustica Island marine protected area was studied. Moreover, an inventory of the sponge species present along the island’s coasts was carried out for the first time. Analysis of rhodoliths trapped in nets used by local fishermen at two sites and data obtained from underwater video images were used to identify 25 sponge taxa, 22 of them at species level. The classes Demospongiae and Homoscleromorpha were present with 24 and 1 species, respectively. Most of the specimens were small-sized and represented by thick crusts or short erect branches. Few specimens were insinuating or excavating. Furthermore, qualitative sampling was performed on Ustica’s coralligenous formations, photophilous hard substrates and in marine caves, and the results obtained were added to the literature data. The overall checklist of sponges from Ustica encompassed 97 taxa, 90 named at species level, subdivided into 6 taxa of Calcarea, 3 of Homoscleromorpha and 88 of Demospongiae. Eleven of the species were endemic to the Mediterranean Sea, mainly concentrated on rhodoliths and in marine caves. This research adds a fundamental element to the knowledge of invertebrates associated with rhodoliths, and updates the checklist of sponges colonizing Ustica’s waters, facilitating its future monitoring.
China: Crônica de um país em rápida transformação
Authors: Negrão Marcelo Pires
Published: July 2020

As impressões que seguem no recito abaixo foram recolhidas durante estadia nos meses de maio e junho de 2019 nas duas maiores metrópoles chineses e dão conta das rápidas transformações pelas quais o país passa, da condição emergente dessas cidades globalizadas e, de forma simples, como são e se comportam os chineses pelo olho de um ocidental.
O espaço é a flor azul do imaginário: Gaston Bachelard e Walter Benjamin em Paris – a descoberta de uma paisagem literária
Authors: Silva Valéria Cristina Pereira da , Carreto Carlos Fonseca Clamote
Published: July 2020

O trajeto investigativo desta proposta foi compreender o imaginário da cidade, a partir do aporte teórico-metodológico presentes na fenomenologia da imaginação de Gaston Bachelard e na montagem benjaminiana, onde a flanerie e a topofilia poética bachelardiana são articuladas. G. Bachelard (1884-1962) e Walter Benjamin (1892-1940), são lidos a partir das obras que se relacionam com a cidade de Paris e o modo como viveram e escreveram sobre a cidade. De maneira alegórica e fenomenológica, tomamos a imagem da flor azul como símbolo do espaço na filosofia da imaginação e do imaginário, assim como a sobrevivência do romantismo novalino presente tanto no pensamento de G. Bachelard como de W. Benjamin. A flor azul é a imagem direta da imaginação, manifesta na consciência e no desejo também como um lugar a ser alcançado e, ao mesmo tempo, emblema de uma dimensão oculta, de algo que espera para ser revelado. A ontologia do espaço no imaginário é o tema central deste trabalho, cujos objetivos consistem em compreender o espaço vivido nas paisagens literárias como vertente temática do imaginário da cidade e, sobretudo, compreender o imaginário demonstrando as relações existentes nestes dois percursos teórico-metodológicos, com as perspectivas e possibilidades de desenvolvimento entre o estudos de Geografia e Literatura, por meio da paisagem literária que se desdobra no imaginário da cidade.
La alianza entre pehuenches e hispano-criollos mendocinos en el marco del conflicto contra los huilliches-ranqueles, a fines del siglo XVIII
Authors: Fernández Luciana
Published: July 2020

Presentamos la transcripción de algunos documentos relativos a la frontera de Mendoza que corresponden al período entre diciembre de 1791 y marzo de 1792. El expediente incluye oficios y copias de oficios, así como las respectivas contestaciones. De esta forma, podemos identificar ciertas polifonías en la comunicación entre diferentes actores de la frontera de Mendoza. Estas fuentes giran en torno al enfrentamiento entre los pehuenches y los huilliches-ranqueles, así como al auxilio mendocino a los primeros. Consideramos que ellas tienen un gran valor etnográfico e histórico dado que nos permiten aportar a problemas planteados por otros investigadores tales como la alianza entre hispano-criollos y pehuenches, puntualizando las prestaciones y contraprestaciones de cada grupo pactante. También, la cuestión de las identidades étnicas cambiantes y el aprovechamiento de la localización de determinadas tolderías de grupos indígenas aliados —“indios amigos”— como franjas que protegieran los establecimientos defensivos y productivos hispano-criollos. Por otro lado, un tema transversal a las fuentes es la preocupación hispano-criolla sobre cómo ese conflicto podía afectarlos directa e indirectamente, acrecentando sus gastos y obligándolos a replantearse su política fronteriza. Ello nos permitió señalar la dificultosa situación financiera de la administración colonial en Mendoza, lo que nos alienta a seguir indagando sobre esa cuestión en investigaciones futuras, para así arrojar más luz sobre las decisiones tomadas en cuanto a la política fronteriza.1