bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achievements and Challenges of Evidence-Based Medicine in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Analysis of Single-Center and Multicenter Trials
Authors: Afanasyev B.V. , Moiseev I.S. , Volkov N.G. , Lepik K.V. , Mikhailova N.B. , Bondarenko S.N. , Zubarovskaya L.S. , Morozova E.V. , Paina O.V. , Kozhokar P.V. , Rakhmanova Zh.Z. , Pirogova O.V. , Afanasyeva K.S. , Beinarovich A.V. , Semenova E.V. , Smykova O.G. , Markova I.V. , Bykova T.A. , Alyanskii A.L. , Smirnov B.I. , Vladovskaya M.D. , Smirnova A.G. , Ivanova N.E. , Kulagin A.D.
Published: November 2020

Randomized multicenter trials in the area of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) face considerable challenges, therefore, their amount is relatively small. Most clinical guidelines are based on the data of multicenter registry studies or well-controlled prospective single-center non-randomized studies. To determine the criteria of a well-controlled single-center trial the results of which can be confi rmed by a multicenter analysis, the total of 44 groups of patients from 22 cooperative studies in collaboration with EBMT were analyzed. The results of these studies were compared with single-center data and the results of the planned studies of RM Gorbacheva Scientifi c Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation. In 43 % of cases signifi cant diff erences were observed. The probability of diff erences did not decrease with an increasing number of patients in the single-center groups, but became higher (odds ratio 1.037; 95% confi dence interval 1.001-1.074; p = 0.046), which highlights the diff erences in methods of single- and multicenter trials. While analyzing the reasons for signifi cant diff erences the following necessary criteria for high-quali ty single-center trials in the area of HSCT were formulated: 1) conditioning regimens and graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis (if they are not subject of the study) need to be consistent with the most frequently used practices; 2) groups of patients should be status-homogeneous; 3) the trial must not include patients treated more than 5 years before the analysis; 4) patients should receive current antitumor therapy at pre- and post-transplantation stages; 5) each compared group should include more than 30-40 patients
Successful Treatment of Aplastic Anemia in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Mamatov Sagynali Murzaevich , Sadabaev E.M. , Dzhakypbaev O.A. , Eralieva M.O.
Published: November 2020

Aim. To assess the outcomes of combined immunosuppressive therapy in patients with severe aplastic anemia (АА) reflecting the first experience with the use of antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine A at the National Center of Oncology and Hematology of Kyrgyz Republic Ministry of Health. Materials & Methods. The trial included 24 AA patients (14 men and 10 women) aged 18-70 years. All patients received combined immunosuppressive therapy at the Hematology Department of the National Center of Oncology and Hematology of Kyrgyz Republic Ministry of Health (Bishkek). Results. Initially the effect of immunosuppressive therapy was observed in 15 (62.5 %) out of 24 AA patients, 9 (37.5 %) patients did not respond to it. In 12 months after the start of combined immunosuppressive therapy the effect of it was reported in 18 (75 %) patients, 6 (25 %) patients showed no effect. The outcomes of combined immunosuppressive therapy in our study were independent of the age of patients and severity of the disease. Conclusion. The first experience with the use of combined immunosuppressive therapy in patients with severe AA proved to be highly successful in terms of its efficacy. Immunosuppressive therapy comes first when allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a relative donor is not possible. Combined immunosuppressive therapy started immediately after AA diagnosis gives hope for achieving stable remission and blood components (erythrocytes, thrombocytes) transfusion independence.
EFFECTIVENESS OF MIRROR THERAPY ON UPPER EXTREMITY MOTOR FUNCTIONS (UEMFS) & ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING (ADLS) IN STROKE PATIENTS AT DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY, KGMU LUCKNOW
Authors:   M.Sc. Nursing (Cardiovascular & Thoracic Nursing), College of Nursing, KGMU, Lucknow, U.P., Dwivedi Vandana , S. Subin ,   Assistant Professor (MSN), KGMU,College of Nursing, Lucknow, U.P., Kumar Neeraj ,   Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, KGMU, Lucknow, U.P., Singh Tejbir ,   Senior Physiotherapist, Department of Neurology, KGMU, Lucknow, U.P.
Published: November 2020

Background: Stroke, global health problem and second cause of death with fourth leading cause of disability worldwide. Mirror therapy is a new approach in rehabilitation used in different neurological disorders including stroke. In mirror therapy, a mirror is placed beside the unaffected limb, blocking the view of the affected limb. This creates the illusion that both limbs are functioning properly. Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of mirror therapy on upper extremity motor functions and activity of daily living in stroke patients. Method: A quasi-experimental one group pre-test post-test design used by convenient sampling assign 35-stroke patients who met the inclusion criteria. The intervention administered in the morning for a week and a self-structured tool (UEMFs assessment scale) for Upper extremity motor functions and ADL Independence scale for activity of daily living. Data were collected every day in a week. Results: The result showed that UEMFs score was significant after intervention (p<0.001), ADL score was significant (p<0.001). There was significant improvement from pre to post test was found in UEMFs status among stroke patents (p=0.015). The significant improvement in ADL status among stroke patients. (p=0.003). The significant correlation was found between UEMFs (r=0.737, p<0.001) and ADL (r=0.857, p<0.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that Mirror therapy was an effective, non-pharmacological measure for improving upper extremity motor functions and ADL among stroke patients.
STUDY ON STILL BIRTH: A CATASTROPH FOR PATIENT AND NIGHTMARE FOR THE OBSTETRICIAN
Authors:   Assistant Professor,OBGY,MLNMC,Prayagraj., Saxena Somya , Gupta Veena ,   Professor, OBGY,MLNMC,Prayagraj., Sachan Nidhi ,   Assistant Professor, OBGY,MLNMC,Prayagraj.
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Still Birth is a catastrophic event for both treating doctor and the patient.World wide in 2015, for every 1000 total births, 18.4 babies were stillborn, mostly in low and middle income countries. India has the highest number of stillbirths, with an estimated 592 100 deaths per year Aim : To evaluate the still birth rate of our institution and to assess the sociodemographic factors contributing to it, and to predict the maximum risk period for still birth. Material and Methods: All patients who gave consent and delivered a baby either vaginally or by caeserian section after 28 weeks of gestation during the study period(july 2019-June 2020) were included in the study.Still Birth was defined as a baby born after 28 completed weeks of gestation or weighing more than 1 kg,with no signs of life .Total no of patients during the study period were 2629, with 5 sets of twins. So total no of birth during the study period was 2634. Epidemiological data were compared between still birth and total births.Causes of still births were analysed and period of maximum risk for still birth was predicted. Statistical Analysis :Descriptiveanalytes were expressed in proportion. Chi square test was used to assess the significance level and p value of <.05 was taken as significant. Result: Total no. of births by either vaginal route or caesarean section during june 2019 to july 2020 were 2634 foetuses. among which,137 fetus were still born. So still birth rate was 52/1000 live births.Maximum no of still births were in the age group of 20-25 years 69(50.3%), were primigravida 46(33.5%), belonged to low socioeconomic status 95(69.3%), came from rural areas79(57.6%) and were unbooked 94(68.6%).There was statistically significant difference(p=.0012) in unbooked cases when still births and total births were compared. No cause could be attributable to still birth in 15(10.9%) of cases, whereas 81(59.1%) had maternal causes,17(12.4%) had fetal causes, 19(13.8%) had placental causes while 5(3.6%) had other reasons like acute infections or thermal burns. Major reason of StillBirth amongst the maternal causes, was labour complications 38(37.7%), whereas intra uterine growth restriction was the leading cause 8(5.8%) amongst the fetal factors.36-40 week was the gestational age during which maximum still births occured.95(69.31%) of still birth cases were delivered by vaginal route Conclusion:Majority of still births were in unbooked cases and labourcomplications were the leading cause of still births overall. Hence antenatal care and delivery by skilled attendant is of paramount importance. Routine antenatal care would also lead to early recognition of maternal and fetal high risk factors and their management.
COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING PRACTICES IN AFGHANISTAN
Authors:   PhD Candidate and Research Scholar, School of Health Science, Walden University, United States., Niayesh H. , Aagard M. ,   Residency Coordinator, College of Health Sciences, Walden University, United States.
Published: November 2020

Background: Children in Afghanistan are at greater risk of malnutrition. Over 50% of children were suffering from malnutrition in Afghanistan in 2012, which has a long-lasting physical, mental, social, and impact on children. Study purpose: The purpose of this research study was to explore the association between parents knowledge, attitudes, and practices about complementary feeding and stunting in children in Afghanistan. The predictor variables were mothers knowledge, attitudes, and practices about complementary feeding and the outcome variable was stunting status of children aged 6 to 24 months. Research methods:A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted with randomly selected participants who were living in Kabul, Afghanistan. Logistic regressionmodels were used to analysethe data. Research setting: This research was conducted in 6 hospitals in Kabul, Afghanistan. Study participants: The study participants included 306 mothers who had children aged between 6-24 months. Results: Mothers knowledge, attitudes, and practices were significant predictors of stunting in children, χ2 (9, N = 306) = 45.33, p < .001 χ2 (9, N = 306) = 26.71, p < .01 and χ2 (9, N = 306) = 56.97, p <.001.Mothers who did not practice responsive feeding were 7.1 times more likely to have stunted children than mothers who practiced responsive feeding. Social and policy implications: The social and policy implications of this research study include reviewing nutrition policies, investing in nutrition programs, and increasing public education and awareness in promoting appropriate complementary infant feeding practices in Afghanistan.
DEVELOPING MOBILE LEARNING MEDIA FOR ARABIC MUFRODAT COURSE FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Arabic Language Education of Post-graduate Program RadenIntan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., a Koderi , Jatmiko Agus ,   Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty, RadenIntan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia., Cahaya Kesuma Guntur ,   Arabic Language Education of the Post-graduate Program RadenIntan State Islamic University of Lampung Indonesia., Prasetyo Dwi ,   Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science and the Engineering Nusa Cendana University of Kupang Indonesia., Zuliana Erni ,   Arabic Language Education Study Program of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty, RadenIntan State Islamic University of Lampung, Indonesia.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop mobile learning media for the Arabic Mufradatcourse during the COVID-19 pandemic and see the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed media for mastering Mufrodat. The Alessi and Trollip development model was used that consisted of planning, designing, and developing stages. The validation score obtained from the product design experts was 4.7 or 94%, from the material experts was 4.6 or 93%, and from the media experts were 4.6 or 96.25%. It means that the developed product was highly feasible to use. The result of the one-to-one learner trial was 2.9 or 94%, the small-group trial was 7.8 or 89%, and the large-group trial was 18.5 or 93%. To test the products effectiveness, a t-test was performed using tobserved> tcritical = 62.5>2.093, where the difference in learning outcomes was 38.75. it can be concluded that the mobile learning media for the Arabic Mufradatcourse during the COVID-19 pandemic was highly feasible and effective to be used in the Arabic Mufrodat course in Indonesia.
LOCAL POLITICS AND PROPERTYDYNAMICS IN THE CHITTAGONG HILL TRACTS, BANGLADESH
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj-8100., Afrin Sadia
Published: November 2020

Access to resources is vital to peoples livelihoods in the rural and peri-urban areas in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh. Through legal and institutional pluralism and various political practices, people put forth their resource claims recognized as rights. This writing analyzes how the public authority and the local State are formed through debates and struggles over the property in the Chittagong of Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh.
COMPARISON BETWEEN STANDARD AND MOBILE DENTAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics., Mariyanov Martin
Published: November 2020

Introduction:With the constant improvement of technology in recent years, mobile dental photography is gaining more and more popularity. Mobile phones have almost completely replaced compact cameras in everyday life. Aim:The aim is to determine whether a mobile phone can be used to take standard pictures of patients in daily dental practice. Material and methods:A total of 330extraoral photographs were taken of 33 patients. 10 photos were taken of each of them (5 extraoral and 5 intraoral).From the five photos there were one taken with a DSLR camera and four with a mobile phone with different magnification x2, x3, x4 and x5 and respectively from different distances. Eleven linear parameters were measured and compared. Results: In the photos taken with a mobile phone there is a deformation of the image compared to the photos taken with a DSLR camera at all magnifications. The largest deformation is at twice the magnification. The image is close to the photos taken with a DSLR camera at four and five times the magnification. Conclusion:The mobile phone is applicable for the extraoral dental photography. At four times magnification(x4) and distance of 110 cm the deformation of the image is negligible and the quality of the photos is good. For the intraoral photos if there is a need for an image with the correct and as close as possible to the actual proportions of the teeth, the first choice is the DSLR camera.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SMART CONTRACTS AND ISLAMIC CONTRACTS
Authors:   Research Centre for ShariaFaculty of Islamic StudiesUniversity Kebangsaan Malaysia., Alisa Ahmad Azlin , Noor Mat Zain Mat ,   Research Centre for ShariaFaculty of Islamic StudiesUniversity Kebangsaan Malaysia., Diyana Amanina Zakaria Nur ,   Research Centre for ShariaFaculty of Islamic StudiesUniversity Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Published: November 2020

A smart contract is a computer protocol contract of which its innovation rooted from the traditional contract. However, Sharia-compliant transaction necessitates a contract to fulfils all pillars of Islamic contracts in order smart contract can be accepted as an innovation of Islamic contracts. Thus, this paper aims to make a comparison between Islamic contracts and smart contract on blockchain. This paper is a qualitative research by adopting content analysis method to analyze some related topics. The pillars of Islamic contract are compared with the smart contract to ensure whether the smart contract follows the guidelines of Islamic contract or vice versa. The analysis shows that smart contract does not entirely comply with the Islamic principles of a contract. Even though smart contract generally has three pillars of Islamic contract but in details, it does not comply with the Sharia principles. By comparing between the pillars of Islamic contract and smart contract on blockchain, it shows that smart contract on blockchain is not underline with the Islamic contracts pillars. Contracting parties participate in the smart contract does not recognize each other that can be lead to gharar. Meanwhile, every transaction in the smart contract allows prohibited subject matters such as illegal drugs, weapons where as it is not allowed in Islamic contracts transactions.
EXCLUSION OF WOMEN IN CONTEXT OF MANIPUR
Authors:   ijar, Sarda Devi Mayanglambam
Published: November 2020

Exclusion of Women in many disciplines becomes an emerging issue all over the world. In the patriarchal society, male is the heads of households and breadwinners and women were confined to household responsibilities.In reality, the assignment of men to the public sphere and women to the family. Regarding this, feminists (1792) started a revolution against male domination all over the world and under the pressure of Feminist Movement this traditional model came to change in the 1960s and 1970s, partly in response to equality issues and to reducing gender bias in mainstream economic knowledge. Manipuri women has unique status and share a major contribution to the state economy, whereas, much of her work is still invisible. The paper is an attempt to analyze the extent to which exclusion of women in the societal and institutional contexts influence the gender division of labour and gender gap in context of Manipur.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF OBESITY AMONG CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN SAUDI ARABIA: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors:   Medical Intern, College of Medicine,Taif University, Saudi Arabia., A. Bokari Kawthar , H. Alzahrani Anas ,   General Practitioner, Ministry of Health, Albaha, Saudi Arabia., J. Alghamdi Abdullah ,   Medical Intern, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia., G. Alzahrani Majed ,   Medical Intern, College of Medicine,Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia., M. Alawfi Mohammed ,   Medical Intern, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., M. Al Rehaili Yasser ,   General Practitioner, Ministry of Health, Medina, Saudi Arabia., H.Al-Qahtani Abdullh ,   Medical Intern, College of Medicine,Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alorinan BayanI. ,   Medical Intern, College of Medicine,King Abdulaziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., M. Alajmi Alaa ,   Medical Intern, College of Medicine,Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., M. Muzaffar Rahma ,   Medical Intern, College of Medicine,King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Published: November 2020

Background: Although there is a plethora of studies concerning obesity in Saudi Arabia, there is a lack of a systematic analytical approach of obesity prevalence among children and adolescents. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of obesity among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia. The trend of obesity prevalence over the past two decades was additionally investigated. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted involving cross-sectional studies published between 2000 and 2020 in PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. Pooled logit-transformed prevalence rates were computed for all studies and for subgroups based on the used diagnostic criteria, period of data collection, and region. Personal and parental sociodemographic risk factors were collected and expressed as odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Trend analysis was performed using a chi-squared test for linear trend, and a meta-regression was applied to assess the sources of heterogeneity. Results: Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria (43,187 subjects, 54.3% males). The pooled prevalence of obesity was 14.13%, and it increased significantly in 2016-2020 compared to 2000-2005 (OR=2.58, p<0.0001). Obesity was significantly associated with male sex (OR=1.36, p=0.007), performing a physical activity <3 times/week (OR=1.59, p=0.025), consuming soft drinks ≥2 times/day (OR=1.73, p=0.014), having a working mother (OR=1.20, p=0.036), and living in an urban region (OR=1.44, p=0.033). Between-study heterogeneity was significant, and it was explained by regional variation (F(2,5)=12.519, p=0.028). Conclusion: The high obesity prevalence among young populations in Saudi Arabia underscores the importance of implementing intensified school- and community-based preventive programs, focusing on the established risk factors.
PERIODONTAL VACCINE- A SHOT IN THE ARM!
Authors:   P.G Student, Department of Periodontology Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Wanadongri Road, Hingna, District Nagpur- 441110., Gajghate Apeksha , Ansari Salman ,   P.G Student, Department of Periodontology Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Wanadongri Road, Hingna, District Nagpur- 441110., Malik Rajvir ,   P.G Student, Department of Periodontology Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Wanadongri Road, Hingna, District Nagpur- 441110., Khetal Namrata ,   P.G Student, Department of Periodontology Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Wanadongri Road, Hingna, District Nagpur- 441110., Bele Rashmi ,   P.G Student, Department of Periodontology Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Wanadongri Road, Hingna, District Nagpur- 441110.
Published: November 2020

Periodontal diseases are immune inflammatory responses induced by dental plaque in which microorganisms harboured within a susceptible periodontium contributes to tissue destruction, bone loss and eventually tooth loss. The etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease is multifactorial which includes host associated factors, genetic factors, immune system dysfunction and environmental factors. Existing treatment modalities have resulted only in arresting the disease progression but have not cured the disease completely, nor do they avert the recurrence. Hence there is a need for therapeutic modalities which may include vaccines targeting periodontal pathogens. Vaccination is induction of immunity by injecting a dead or attenuated form of pathogen. Till date, no pre-emptive modality exists for periodontal disease, the availability of periodontal vaccine would prevent the progression of periodontal diseases. The aim of this review article is to confer the various approaches associated with periodontal vaccine.
BREVES CUTS ON THE POWER GRID OF ELECTRIC ENERGY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES: CASE OF TOGO
Authors:   Research Laboratory in Engineering Sciences (LARSI), Regional Center of Excellence for the Control of Electricity (CERME), Department of Electrical Engineering of the National Superior School of Engineers (ENSI), University of Lome (UL), BP 1515,Lome, TOGO., Adjamagbo Comlanvi , Bokovi Yao ,   Research Laboratory in Engineering Sciences (LARSI), Regional Center of Excellence for the Control of Electricity (CERME), Department of Electrical Engineering of the National Superior School of Engineers (ENSI), University of Lome (UL), BP 1515,Lome, TOGO., Adekunle Salami Akim ,   Research Laboratory in Engineering Sciences (LARSI), Regional Center of Excellence for the Control of Electricity (CERME), Department of Electrical Engineering of the National Superior School of Engineers (ENSI), University of Lome (UL), BP 1515,Lome, TOGO., Senah Akoda Ajavon Ayite ,   Research Laboratory in Engineering Sciences (LARSI), Regional Center of Excellence for the Control of Electricity (CERME), Department of Electrical Engineering of the National Superior School of Engineers (ENSI), University of Lome (UL), BP 1515,Lome, TOGO.
Published: November 2020

This study looked at brief electric outages based on data from 2014 to 2019 of power grid. These outages follow incidents that occurred on the power grid. We found that short outages represent 1% of the outages observed on the power grid and depend on the number of departures from distribution stations. The period during which these cuts are observed coincides with the dry period which goes from December to March with a maximum in March which is the hottest month. March is also the month when electricity consumption is at its maximum. These interruptions are accompanied by the return of electrical power to a transient overvoltage. This overvoltage is influenced by atmospheric conditions. This transient phenomenon is detrimental to the life of electrical devices.In this article we looked first at the distribution of brief denominations by departures in dispatch items, the evolution of brief cuts by distribution items, and the variation in short denominations over time. The consequence of its cuts was developed. This work was completed by proposals for a solution to the brief cuts.
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY ASSURANCE OF INTERNATIONAL AND ENGLISH PROGRAM SCHOOLS, CENTRAL THAILAND
Authors:   ijar, Sandoval De Luna Loralyn
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study is to examine Human Resource Management, its practices, perceived organizational support and employee outcomes in International and English Program schools in Central Thailand. A survey questionnaire was answered by 153 administrators and teachers who participated in this study and examined the levels of HRM and Quality Assurance and their relationship with each other. Besides this, Quality Assurance in Thailand in the respective schools included was discussed using secondary data from the Office of the National Education Standards and Quality Assessments (ONESQA) third round cycle of external assessment. Results showed younger employees view of Human Resource Management significantly differed from their older colleagues. It was also found that Human Resource Management is not a determinant in Teacher Performance. The Quality Assurance of schools included was found to be at a good level. Results also showed that there is a weakly positive correlation between Human Resource Management and Quality Assurance which is not significant. An intervention program was recommended to increase the level of HRM practices and Quality Assurance of schools in Central Thailand.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF SALIVA FLOW RATE BY GARGLING GREEN TEA STEPPING IN MENOPAUSE WOMEN WITH XEROSTOMIA
Authors:   Oral Medicine Departement, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sumatera Utara, Jl. Alumni No. 2 Kampus USU Medan, 061-821611 Ext 37., Erika Tampubolon Kiki , Hafny Lubis Wilda ,   Oral Medicine Departement, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sumatera Utara, Jl. Alumni No. 2 Kampus USU Medan, 061-821611 Ext 37., Saragih Awaluddin ,   Pharmaceutical Departement, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Jl. Alumni No. 2 Kampus USU Medan, 061-821611 Ext 37.
Published: November 2020

Endocrine and biological changes occur in postmenopausal women, the production of steroid sex hormones that affect the health of the oral cavity, with the reduction of all or part of estrogen resulting in xerostomia (dry mouth). The treatment of Xerostomia was carried out using local, mechanical and chemical stimulation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gargling of green tea steeping on salivary flow rates in postmenopausal women with xerostomia at Darussalam Public Health Center in Medan.This is an experimental study using the design of control group, pretest-posttest and the non-probability of purposive sampling. Fourty menopausal women with xerostomia were used as sample. The treatment group gargled with green tea steeping while the control group gargled with distilled water. Saliva was collected into the pots for three minutes before and after treatment by spitting method. The analytical test used was the paired T-test and the unpaired.The results showed that there was an increase in salivary flow rate with green tea brushing rinse by 0.281750 ml/min and with aquades rinsing by 0.03335 ml/min. Furthermore, there was an effect of gargling with green tea steeping, namely an increase in the flow rate of saliva and this research can be an alternative treatment to relieve xerostomia in menopausal women.The green tea gargling was better in stimulating salivary flow rate.
CHECKLIST OF ODONATA SPECIES IN PENCH TIGER RESERVE, NAGPUR, MAHARASHTRA, CENTRAL INDIA
Authors:   Assistant Conservator of Forest, Pench Tiger Reserve, Nagpur, Forest Dept. Govt. Of Maharashtra., Rambhau Deokar Atul
Published: November 2020

Pench tiger reserve, Maharashtra is located in central Indian landscape and is a rich biodiverse area with good habitat for flora and fauna. The dragonflies and damselflies were recorded and photographed by author during regular field patrolling in area. This was the first attempt of recording odonata diversity from the area where 44 species were documented. Sub order Anisoptera represented by 3 families and 28 species while Sub order Zygoptera with 3 families and 16 species. (Pench Tiger reserve, Maharashtra, Central Indian landscape, Odonata, Dragonflies, Damselflies).
EVERY STUDENT AN EXPRESSIVE AND REFLECTIVE WRITER: ADDRESSING MATH ANXIETY
Authors:   Gingoog City Comprehensive National High School., J. Montojo Roxanne , M. Obedencio Connie ,   Gingoog City Comprehensive National High School., S. Digamon Jayson ,   Gingoog City Comprehensive National High School.
Published: November 2020

This study determined the effectiveness of the fusion of expressive writing of anxiety and reflective writing on content journal-writing activity in reducing Math anxiety among Grade 11 students in a public senior high school in Northern Mindanao, Philippines. A modified Math anxiety scale test was utilized in this quasi-experimental pretest-posttest controlled group research anchoring on the concepts enshrined in Vygotskys Socio-Cultural Theory. Using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), the effect of expressive and reflective journal writing intervention was examined. Results revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the groups anxiety level, proving that the intervention did have a substantial effect on the level of anxiety experienced by the students in their Math class in favor of the control group. The study concluded that the expressive and reflective journal writing does not only help students express negative thoughts, but it makes teachers and students connect their ideas, thereby mitigating emotional apprehensions in a Mathematics class.
AMBIVALENCE OF HOSTILITY AND MODIFICATION: PATRIARCHYS IDEOLOGICAL NEGOTIATION WITH WOMEN, MODERNITY AND CINEMA IN IRAN
Authors:   ijar, Nasehi Elnaz
Published: November 2020

Iranian cinema as a modern art has always been influenced by political, cultural and social changes. While in the Pahlavi era, Iranian cinema was encouraged to turn into an ideological tool to promote modernity and westernization, the post-revolutionary Iranian cinema through the project of Islamisation was inscribed to function as the religious ideological tool to promote Islamic values and life style, which were defined in contrast to its Western counterparts. Through these ideological changes, however, the Iranian womens sexuality and body has been constantly the site of struggle. Being rooted in chronic surveillance over female sexuality within normative patriarchal values and desire, the image of women has been centralized to the national identity in modern Iran. Despite this centrality, however, women have ambivalently encountered hostility through the mechanism of modification while in Pahlavi era unveiling of women was one of the most controversial manifestation of modernity, under the Islamic regime the Iranian womens veiled images turn into the/a battle against the westernization and modernity. This research addresses the persistence of ideological negotiation between women, modernity and cinema in modern Iran. Therefore, chronological accounts of the way women, modernity and cinema have been through the ideological negotiation in Iranian society is discussed from pre to post-revolutionary eras.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CAPILLARY BLOOD GASES AS WITH ARTERIAL BLOOD GASES IN PATIENTS OF COPD WITH ACUTE EXACERBATION PRESENTING TO EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors:   MBBS., DNB EMERGENCY MEDICINE., Sathindra Sasmita B. , Sengupta Janmejoy ,   MBBS, DNB ANAESTHESIA., Dasgupta Indraneel ,   MRCS (Edinburgh), MRCS (Glasgow), MCEM (U.K.).
Published: November 2020

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between selected variables of capillary blood gas (CBG) and Arterial blood gas (ABG)values for assessing values of pH, bicarbonate (HCO3), partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD presenting to the Emergency department of Peerless hospital. Our study on reliability of CBG over ABG is aimed to make blood gas analysis easier, quicker, less painful and equally reliable. Settings And Design: This was a prospective observational study carried out in a tertiary care centre in Kolkata. Materials And Methods: This study was carried out in Peerless hospital and B.K.Roy Research Centre, Kolkata over a period of 1 year. Total of 90 patients who presented to Emergency department with acute exacerbation of COPD patients were included in the study. Informed consent was taken from all the patients recruited in this study. The blood samples were drawn simultaneously from the radial artery by an arterial puncture into a heparinized syringe and the fingertip by a finger prick into a capillary tube of every patient participating in the study. Initially, capillary sample was collected and immediately after that, an arterial sample was taken from the radial artery in order to assess the agreement between the capillary and arterial samples. These samples obtained were analysed immediately by the blood gas analyser (AVL Compact 3, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) of the Emergency Department for values of acid-base and oxygenation: pH, PO2, PCO2and HCO3 values. Blood gases were obtained only if the patient needed blood gases analysis for clinical decisions. Care was taken to avoid exposing the blood droplet to air, and the arterial sample was continuously turned to avoid clotting. In addition, the measurement of oxygen saturation (SpO2) was also obtained from the finger pulse oximeter in the emergency (Noninvasive pulse oximeter).
BACTERIAL BIOFILM STATES ON THE GENETIC MAKEUP OF THE ORGANISM AND ITS ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Centre Barkatullah University, Bhopal (M.P.)., Malviya Jitendra , Sharma Priyanka ,   Department of Pharmacy, Barkatullah University, Bhopal (M.P.)., Kulkarni Sneha ,   Department of Pharmacy, Barkatullah University, Bhopal (M.P.)., Parmar Arvind ,   Department of Pharmacy, Barkatullah University, Bhopal (M.P.)., Parmar Lokesh ,   Department of Pharmacy, Barkatullah University, Bhopal (M.P.).
Published: November 2020

The intent of this review is to consider the reasons why bacteria switch from a free-floating to a biofilm mode of growth. The currently available wealth of data pertaining to the molecular genetics of biofilm formation in commonly studied, clinically relevant, single-species biofilms will be discussed in an effort to decipher the motivation behind the transition from Planktonic to sessile growth in the human body. Four potential incentives behind the formation of biofilms by bacteria during infection are considered protection from harmful conditions in the host (defense) sequestration to a nutrient-rich area (colonization) utilization of cooperative benefits (community) biofilms normally grow as biofilms and Planktonic cultures are an in vitro artifact (biofilms as the default mode of growth).
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SURFACE WATER IN THE LOWER VALLEY OF THE OUEME IN SOUTH BENIN
Authors:   Pierre Pagney Laboratory: Climate, Water, Ecosystems and Development at the Faculty of Human and Social Sciences (LACEEDE/FASHS/UAC), BP 1388, Abomey-Calavi Benin., Kawoun Alagbe G.M. , Ahamide B. ,   Laboratoire dHydrauliqueet de Maitrise de lEau at the Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques de lUniversitedAbomey-Calavi (LHME/FSA/UAC), BP 526, Cotonou Benin., Alassane A. ,   Laboratory of Applied Hydrology (LHA), National Water Institute (INE) University of Abomey-Calavi., Adandedji F. ,   Pierre Pagney Laboratory: Climate, Water, Ecosystems and Development at the Faculty of Human and Social Sciences (LACEEDE/FASHS/UAC), BP 1388, Abomey-Calavi Benin., Vissin W.E. ,   Pierre Pagney Laboratory: Climate, Water, Ecosystems and Development at the Faculty of Human and Social Sciences (LACEEDE/FASHS/UAC), BP 1388, Abomey-Calavi Benin.
Published: November 2020

Surface water in the lower Oueme valley is prone to various pressures from anthropogenic activities as well as poor hygiene practices that favour its pollution. The present research aims to study the physicochemical quality of surface waters. Thus, seven (07) sampling sites have been selected with eighteen (18) parameters analysed. These are variables such as: hydrogen potential, temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, suspended matter, calcium, magnesium, potassium, ammonium, nitrates, ortho-phosphates, chloride, sulphates, sodium, COD and BOD5 during high and low waters. The data were then processed through the Water Quality Assessment System (SEQ-Water) to determine the overall water quality. Similarly, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to assess the relationships between the variables studied and their spatial distribution. The results show that during the two periods, surface waters are of very good quality 47.06% and 52.94%, of good quality 41.18% and 11.76%, of fair quality 17.65% observed only in low waters, of poor quality 5.88% and 11.76% and finally of very poor quality with 5.88%. As for the multivariate statistical study carried out through the PCA, it indicates the strong positive correlation of the variables NH4+, Na+, Cl-, CE and SO42- in periods of low water as well as the variables Mg2+ and T° strongly correlated in high water. Wastewater discharges, agricultural activities and poor hygiene practices are the main cause of water pollution.
INFLUENCE OFPRODUCT CHARACTERISTICON THE PERFORMANCE OF FIRM: A STUDY OF KANPUR LEATHER FIRMS
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Glocal School of Business & Commerce, Glocal University, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India., Iqbal Mazhar , Noorul Shajar Syed ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, School of Social Science and Humanities, B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: November 2020

Product characteristics play a very crucial role on the performance of firm. The present study focuses to gauge the influence of characteristics of product on firm performance using multiple regression. In the present study the researchers have used 256 deep personal interviews with the manufacturer of leather product in Kanpur. The constructs for product characteristics in the present studywere Strength of patent,degree of training sales force needs to handle product if any, the magnitude to which product is established with the firm in years,amount of the uniqueness of product (features, design, packaging etc.),amount of the cultural specificity of the product and Products service/maintenance requirements if any. Although out of these six variables only two variables are found to have significant impact on firm performance in the present studyi.e.amount of the uniqueness of product (features, design, packaging etc.), and amount of the cultural specificity of the product and other four variables are found to be insignificant.
JOINT INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS AS AN IMPORTANT FORM OF TRAINING HIGHLY QUALIFIED STAFF IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Doctor of Philosophy, Professor of the Department of Corporate Economics and Business Analytics. Tashkent State Economic University 100003, Tashkent, st. Islam Karimov 49, building 1., Nazar Khakimovich Khakimov , Dinara Tulkinovna Turaeva ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Corporate Economics and Business Analytics. Tashkent State Economic University. 100003, Tashkent, st. Islam Karimov 49, building 1., Bakhtiyor Vasievich Nasimov ,   Head of the Department of the Joint International Educational Program of the Tashkent State Economic University. 100003, Tashkent, st. Islam Karimov 49, building 1.
Published: November 2020

The authors of the article investigated the problems of international cooperation in the field of training highly qualified economic personnel in a new stage of the country. The article emphasizes the role of a joint international educational program organized at the universities of Uzbekistan in order to train competitive specialists. The authors of the article made an attempt to reveal the essence, tasks of joint work of universities with foreign higher educational institutions for the training of qualified bachelors, the importance of specialists for the socio-economic structures of the country in conditions of deepening market economy. Researchers note the place and role of active participation of the teaching staff, the use of innovative pedagogical technologies in the training of modern competitive economic personnel. The article concludes that an important issue in organizing a joint international educational program is the need to further improve the educational process, conduct research work based on innovative technologies, exchange teachers and students between universities.
HEMATOME SOUS CAPSULAIRE DU FOIE COMPLIQUANT UNE PREECLAMPSIE : A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors:   Service dAnesthesie Reanimation, Hopital de Maternite Souissi –Rabat., Hind Lahyani , Latifa Bougataya ,   Service dAnesthesie Reanimation, Hopital de Maternite Souissi –Rabat., Eddafali Larbi ,   Service dAnesthesie Reanimation, Hopital de Maternite Souissi –Rabat., Mouldouira Safae ,   Service dAnesthesie Reanimation, Hopital de Maternite Souissi –Rabat., Abberouch Laarbi ,   Service dAnesthesie Reanimation, Hopital de Maternite Souissi –Rabat., El Ouadghiri Nezha ,   Service dAnesthesie Reanimation, Hopital de Maternite Souissi –Rabat., Tazi Anas ,   Service dAnesthesie Reanimation, Hopital de Maternite Souissi –Rabat.
Published: November 2020

Introduction : Lhematome sous-capsulaire du foie (HSCF) reste une complication rare et gravissime de la grossesse survenant au cours dune pre eclampsie et qui presente une mortalite maternelle estimee a 50 a 75 % et une mortalite fœtale a 60% a 80%, imposant un diagnostic rapide et une prise en charge multidisciplinaire. Nous rapportons le cas dun HSCF fissure rencontre au service des urgences a la maternite Soussi. Observation : Nous rapportons lobservation dune patiente de 31 ans, sans antecedent, multipare avec notion de trois MFIU et un avortement precoce suiviepour HTA gravidique sous traitement. A 27 semaines damenorrhee, elle a ete admise au Service des Urgencesavec une pression arterielle elevee (160/100 mmHg) et une proteinurie significative a la bandelette urinaire. Lexamen physique revelait une defense abdominale generalisee. Les mouvements actifs fœtaux etaient absents. Il ny avait ni metrorragie, ni perte de liquide. Au bilan biologique : une cytolyse hepatique importante, une insuffisance renale aigue et une thrombopenie a 85000 p/mm3, le reste du bilan est sans anomalie. Lechographie abdominale a mis en evidence un HSCF associe a un epanchement liquidien pur de moyenne abondance. Devant ce tableau, lindication de cesarienne sous anesthesie generale a ete posee, celle-ci a permis lextraction dun mort-ne de sexe masculin. En peroperatoire, aspiration de liquide hematique dorigine hepatique par fissuration de HSCFavec realisation dun « packing ». La patiente a ete transferee en reanimation Une surveillance rapprochee, echographique, a confirme labsence daugmentation de la taille de lhematome. Levolution clinique, biologique et radiologique a ete favorable, autorisant la sortie de la patiente au 15eme jour Conclusion :LHSCF est une complication grave dont la prise en charge nest pas clairement codifiee, et doit être multidisciplinaire et la plus conservatrice possible.
INCREASING SCREEN TIME IN CHILDREN:- A CAUSE OF CONCERN
Authors:   PG Scholar, Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor, Professor and H.O.D., Priyanka Panchola , Neha Joshi ,   Department of Kaumarbhritya, UAU, Gurukul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India., a Deepshikha ,   Department of Kaumarbhritya, UAU, Gurukul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India., G.P Garg ,   Department of Kaumarbhritya, UAU, Gurukul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India.
Published: November 2020

Increasing screen time in children is a cause of concern which means amount of time that spend by using a device with screen such as a smart phone, video games, computers, television. The concept is under significant research with related belief in digital media use and mental health. With fast technological evolution, the prevalence and unacceptable effects of excess screen time on kids have become a mounting issue worldwide. Children are more affected with this huge problem because too much screen time can make it hard for children to sleep at night, have attention problems, anxiety, and depression also, so it is a concern. Excessive exposure to screen cause myopia or squint, because lack of outdoor activity and excess screen time results myopia in children. Todays diet or physical activity of childrens are affected by sedentary screen time, Because children sit for long hours and eat unhealthy food while playing video games, watching television, which cause long or short term health issues, special obesity, and heart disease. This impair brain structure and function, it can cause nausea, vomiting, irritability, mood swings. So, now this paper will discusses about its physical, mental, social, and environmental effects in children.
FINANCIAL LITERACY : A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE YOUTH OF INDIA AND USA
Authors:   ijar, Vij Dhruv
Published: November 2020

Financial literacy is a critical aspect of our lives. When taught early, it provides life skills for young adults to make use of now as well as in the future. It can help individuals go from surviving to thriving. Financial education isnt taught in schools and colleges but is very essential to live in these times. A person not only learns how to survive in a capitalist world, but also how to grow and preserve their money. This project focused on what young adults currently know about money management and to provide recommendations to increase their financial acumen. The research also compares the responses of several questions from students in India (New Delhi) and students in the United States (Massachusetts).The goals of this project were three -fold: 1. Conducted research on the literacy models used to assess knowledge and skills regarding financial literacy in general 2. Created a survey instrument based on the research and administered the survey to participants 3. Created a set of recommendations and observations based on the survey results in the form of an infographic.To accomplish this goal a simple questionnaire, created from a composite of several internationally known literacy programs, was administered to individuals of ages 18-22. A series of 15 recommendations resulted from the analysis of the survey results and were disseminated through the use of an infographic. One of the results was that only 50% of the indian population knew in detail about the concept of interest and inflation rates.