bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of drought resistance of winter bread wheat varieties and lines by vegetation and laboratory methods
Authors: Golubova V , Gaze V , Lobunskaya I
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the impact of severe drought on the growth and development of winter wheat plants. The studies were carried out in 2018-2020. As a starting material, we used 57 samples of winter soft wheat bred by ARC “Donskoy”. The studies were carried out under laboratory and vegetation methods. According to the analysis, it was revealed that the highest values of the index of complex resistance were shown by the samples: intensive type - 1630/17 (282.8 rel.units), 2078/16 (265.1 rel.units), 1990/17 (265, 0 rel.units); semi-intensive type -1727/17 (260.6 rel. units), 2243/17 (258.6 rel. units), 522/16 (252.8 rel. units). The maximum value of the degree of drought resistance of samples of the intensive type was noted for lines 2243/17 (92.4%), 1727/17 (84.9%), and 522/16 (82.6%). Among 36 samples of winter soft wheat of intensive type, high drought resistance was noted in 67% (24 samples) with germination from 71.6 (Univer) to 92.9% (1630/17). High values of heat resistance (I-81-100% of germination) out of 57 studied samples of winter wheat were noted in 56 genotypes, the indicators of which ranged from 85.1% (1181/16) to 98% (Zodiac, 1166/15, 1275/16). The highest grain yield under model drought conditions was noted for winter wheat varieties Zodiac (332.86 g/m2), Premiera (332.48 g/m2) and Podarok Krymu (317.50 g/m2), which is higher than the yield of the Ascet classifier (292.97 g/m2) by 8.0-13.7%..
Protein content in grain of collection samples of common pea and its adaptive properties
Authors: Ashiev A , Habibullin K , Kravchenko N
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research was to identify samples of the collection of peas with a high and stable protein content in the grain, as a starting material in breeding for grain quality. Of the 130 studied samples of the collection of peas, which had at least 25.0% of the protein content in the grain, on average over the years of research, only 13 samples had a protein content of at least 25.0%. The highest minimum protein content was observed in the Russian-bred OMK-3 sample, which had an indicator of 26.1%. For the rest, the minimum value was from 25.0 to 25.3%. The maximum protein content over the years of research in pea samples was from 25.8 to 29.7%, of which samples 193/73 (Ukraine) (29.7%), OMK-3 (Russia) (29.5%), NS-01-68 (Bulgaria) (29.1%), B-887 (Russia) (28.7%) and Orel-330 (Russia) (28.7%). The average value of the coefficient of variation for varieties, characterizing intravarietal variability, was 6.8% on average for the collection, with the lowest value being 1.2% and the highest value being 15.9%. In the 13 isolated samples, the intravarietal variability was lower than the average for the collection as a whole (1.2-6.6%), except for sample 193/73 (Russia), for which it was 7.3%. This sample has the highest average and maximum protein content in the years of research. The selected 13 samples from the pea collection are of breeding value as initial parental forms in the direction of increasing the protein content in the pea grain and enhancing the stability of this indicator.
Influence of the agro zerebra growth regulator on yield and quality of spring barley grain
Authors: Goman N , Kormin V , Bobrenko I , Boldysheva Y , Popova V
Published: December 2021

The results of experiments on studying the effect of the growth regulator Zerebra Agro on the grain yield of spring barley, the chemical composition of plants, the quality of the grain and the amino acid composition of the protein when cultivated according to different predecessors on meadow-chernozem soil in the conditions of the Omsk region are presented. Field studies were carried out in 2014-2016. on the fields of the educational and experimental farm of the Omsk State Agrarian University, and laboratory at the Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science of Omsk State Agrarian University. Vvariety of spring barley – Gift of Siberia. Predecessors – steam and wheat, agricultural technics – common for the zone The use of the growth regulator Zerebra Agro at a dose of 150 ml/ha made it possible to form an increase in the yield of barley grain when cultivating barley after wheat in steam – 0,27 t/ha and 0,31 t/ha when cultivated with the second crop after steam (in the control variant, the yield was for a pair of 2.82 t/ha, for wheat 1.72 t/ha). The applied growth regulator had a positive effect on the grain quality of spring barley.
Grain yield of repetitive mung bean variety Marjon, after autumn wheat
Authors: Isaev S H , Safarova H H , Najmiddinov M M , Jumabaev F N
Published: December 2021

The article presents the dependence of mung beans yield on the number of pods and in the care of variety “Marjon” as a recurring crop in alluvial soils of meadows in Bukhara region, equalities are revealed, that is, the coefficient of determination r = 0.6108, the coefficient for determining the mass of beans r = 0.8183, the coefficient of determination of the grain mass r = 0.6431; The coefficient of determination of the number of beans in the Durdona variety r = 0.4415, the coefficient of determination of the weight of beans was r = 0.5954 and it is recommended to sow in the second half of June at the rate of 18 kg/hectare of seeds per hectare and water at the rate of N-60, P-80, K-60 kg/hectare and 70-70-65% of the maximum soil moisture before irrigation.
Photosynthetic activity of wheat - wheatgrass hybrids and winter wheat under salinization
Authors: Skorokhodova A N , Anisimov A A , Skorokhodov D M , Larikova Y S , Yakovleva O S , Tovstyko D A
Published: December 2021

Wheat is considered to be one the most important crop on Earth. Wheat-wheatgrass hybrids are the promising gene donors for further breedingprocrss. The parameters of photosynthetic activity are the key factor of crop yield formation. Based on the parameters of photosynthetic activity, the most resistant to salinization hybrids of PPG and wheat were identified. The structure of the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat plants and wheat-wheatgrass hybrids under the salinization is described.
Dual-channel digital control of energy consumption and air supply in microclimate systems of livestock premises
Authors: Ivanov Yury , Novikov Nicolai
Published: December 2021

The problem of livestock premises air environment parameters ensuring in terms of temperature, humidity and CO2 gas content, established by zoo technical standards, is considered. The problem is formulated as a problem with non-linearity object and consists in its phase (temperature, humidity and CO2 gas content) coordinates stabilizing by the premises heating capacity and its air exchange intensity controlling. A mathematical model of control object’s dynamics parameters based on material flows and energy balance equations is developed. A cyclic algorithm for this problem solving has been developed, it consists of two successive stages: the control search this problem solving, and the found control establishment until any of the coordinates’ phase go beyond the established limits due to disturbances.The search for the control vector consists in periodic relay switching of its coordinates from specified maximum to minimum values so that the phase coordinates remain in the region of permissible variation. It is shown that the control vector corresponding coordinates as their average values for the switching cycle are defined. A block diagram of the control system implementing the developed algorithm is presented. The calculation data are given for a pigsty for 1300 animals.
Study of extruded feed from wheat ears during early harvest
Authors: Lachuga Yury , Pakhomov Victor , Braginets Sergey , Bakhchevnikov Oleg , Rudoy Dmitry , Maltseva Tatyana
Published: December 2021

The object of the study was an extruded feed made from an undivided grain heap of winter wheat, stripped in the phase of waxy ripeness. The use of this type of inexpensive raw material makes it possible to increase the protein content in feed by 7-8% in comparison with feed based on fully ripe grain. The process of extruding feed based on waxy ripeness wheat ears is satisfactory. It has been established that extruded feed based on a grain heap can be successfully used for feeding farm animals. To use extruded feed from wheat ears harvested in the phase of waxy ripeness, the addition of raw materials of animal origin in an amount of no more than 20% is required for feeding fish, which is less than for feed based on full ripeness wheat grain.
The effectiveness of the use of multivitamin preparations in feeding with hypovitaminosis of piglets
Authors: Krotova M , Alekseeva T , Urban G , Savenkova M , Krotova O. Y.
Published: December 2021

The development of effective methods of prevention and treatment of hypovitaminosis in piglets is one of the promising areas of veterinary science and practice. The article presents the results of studies obtained when evaluating the effectiveness of the use of complex multivitamin preparations from various manufacturers: Trivit (CJSC Mosagrogen, Russia), Tetrahydrovit (LLC NITA-PHARM, Russia), Dufalite (Zoetis Inc, USA). The peculiarity of vitamin nutrition of pigs is associated with the absence or insufficient synthesis of water-soluble B vitamins in their body, so they should always be present in the diet feed. In addition, pigs are in urgent need of the delivery of carotene, vitamin A, C, E, D with food, which is due to the intensity of metabolism and energy in the body; at the same time, the consumption of vitamin A and carotene increases exponentially. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that the most effective method of prevention and treatment of hypovitaminosis in suckling piglets is the use of the multivitamin drug Tetrahydrovit intramuscularly on the 1st day of life and again after 7 days at a dose of 1 ml per head 1 time per day.
The Influence of Technological Stress on the Protective Properties of Pig Skin Depending on Age
Authors: Garskaya Natal`ya , Tresnitskiy Sergey , Garanovich Irina , Ladysh Irina , Yenin Ale-ksandr , Tresnitskiy Anatoliy
Published: December 2021

The skin performs the most important physiological functions of the body. The protective function is the main among them. This article presents the results of studies of how the technological stress affects the protective properties of pig skin depending on the animals’ age. The parameters of the skin, characterizing the epidermis, the main protective skin barrier, were studied in domestic Poltava Meat Breed pigs of different ages. The skin epidermis in animals of all studied age groups is actively involved in the performance of protective functions. Upon reaching the live weight of 100 kg, the young boars of the breed experience a great technological load, which causes tension in the skin protective systems and, thus, activation of these systems. This results in greater values of the epidermis thickness comparing to adult boars (by 17.22% (p⩽0.05)) due to an increase in its inner (underlying) layers (by 33.05% (p⩽0.001)). The stratum corneum of the young boars’ epidermis is thinner but more dense, with pronounced sudanophilia. With pigs reaching their adulthood, the tension in their protective factors decreases and stabilizes. In adult boars, the stratum corneum is thicker (a significant difference is 6.82 μm or 28.14%), but it is more susceptible to keratinization, is looser and has pronounced fibrillation. These changes probably mark the already developed adaptation to the existing natural and technological conditions.
Analysis of the influence of design parameters on the agro-ecological qualities of tractor tires
Authors: Kravchenko V , Kravchenko L , Oberemok V , Avanesyan A
Published: December 2021

Experimental studies of the impact of agricultural mobile machinery movers on the soil are seasonal in nature and require complex experimental equipment. The complexity of the physical processes occurring in the elastic wheel-ground system requires the introduction of many assumptions and limitations that reduce the accuracy of the results, according to the design of simulation models performed in the software environment. The aim of the research was to study the influence of the design parameters of the tire on the efficiency of the normal deflection along the contact spot zone X. Studies have shown that 65% to 77% of the normal deflection of the tire is used when passing the contact spot. The reinforcement parameters of the tire frame have the greatest impact on the efficiency of the normal deflection along the contact spot zone. With an increase in the number of layers of the frame cord from 2 to 8, the coefficient of usability of the normal deviation for the stroke of the contact spot decreases from 0.761 to 0.689, with an increase in the angle of inclination of the frame cords - decreases from 0.755 to 0.693.
Water resources management in Kazakhstan in conditions of their shortage
Authors: Yessymkhanova Z , Niyazbekova Sh , Dauletkhanova Zh , Satenova D , Zhumasseitova S , Kadyraliev A T , Supaeva G T , Dzholdosheva T , Dzholdoshev N
Published: December 2021

The current situation in the water sector of Kazakhstan is one of the important problems in the country’s environmental protection system. One of the priorities of the sustainable development policy is to ensure the well-being of the population, the introduction of environmental technologies, the creation of environmentally friendly water resources, providing the regions of the country with clean water, and much more. Important changes have taken place in the country’s water sector, and positive dynamics are beginning to be determined not only by intentions, but also by real actions aimed at improving the quality of fresh water and the entire water fund. The purpose of this article is to identify the problems of effective water use and renewal of water resources and the features of the transition to sustainable development of Kazakhstan’s economies in the context of globalization. In the context of globalization, the nature of the correlation between water management and the strategic directions of water resources management in the country is radically changing.
Water management complexes as objects of recreation and ecological tourism
Authors: Galitskova Yu M , Balzannikov M I
Published: December 2021

The article deals with water management complexes, including hydraulic structures and reservoirs. The purpose of the study is to identify the attractiveness, significance and potential of such complexes as objects of recreational and ecological tourism. The analysis of unique hydrotechnical objects of different countries of the world is carried out. The features of their designs and ways to increase the attractiveness of objects for tourists are shown. The simplest and most common method of increasing the recreational potential of a water management facility is the arrangement of species sites. It is much less common to arrange organized recreation areas for participants of the natural tourism route using hydraulic structures or separate entertainment attractions for tourists. Significantly more complex complexes with the inclusion of high-and medium-pressure dams are typical for recreational park areas. A separate group includes objects that serve as historical and educational sites or monuments of history, culture and technology. Thus, the analysis revealed a wide variety of uses of hydrotechnical objects as attractive places for recreation and eco-tourism. The conclusion is made about the expediency of the development of the considered areas of use of water management complexes.
Methane emissions from lake Onego sediments
Authors: Morozova I V , Belkina N A
Published: December 2021

We studied the methane content in Lake Onego bottom sediments and bottom water and revealed a wide variation of its concentrations among different parts of the lake. Methane concentrations were the highest in the pockmarked area of Petrozavodsk Bay, where hydrocarbon gases rise to the lake bed surface from the depth. Methane emissions from Lake Onego sediments were estimated. We show that in addition to the geological and geomorphological characteristics of the basin, the flux rate depends on how the lake sediments are forming under the uneven human pressure and climate oscillations of today.
State of the Fishing and the Aquaculture in the southern Seas of Russia in XXI century
Authors: Matishov G , Balykin P , Ponomareva E , Sorokina M , Belaya M , Korchunov A
Published: December 2021

The analyze of dynamic of quantity and composition of the Russian catches in the Sea of Azov, Black and Caspian Seas in the 21st century was made. It has been shown that catches decrease with a simultaneous increase in the proportion of marine fish proper. The analyze of aquaculture development in southern regions is provided and also identified the prospects for its development in the near future. Currently, there is a positive dynamics of growth in the production of commercial fish farming products. Since 2000 this parameter has decreased from 77 to 328 thousand tons in 2020. The volume of aquaculture in the southern regions of the country in 2020 amounted to more than 78 thousand tons, which is 24% of the total Russian. In Rostov and Astrakhan region, Krasnodar territory obtained 90.6% aquaculture production. The perspective ways are pasture aquaculture, ponds and industrial fish farming, recreational aquaculture, mariculture. The expansion of the species diversity of farmed fish is possible both due to the aboriginal ichthyofauna and the use of previously acclimatized species.
Justification of the geometric dimensions of drum sorting machine
Authors: Bahadirov G , Umarov B , Obidov N , Tashpulatov S , Tashpulatov D
Published: December 2021

This article presents the results of research to determine the basic geometric dimensions of a drum sorting machine designed for potato sorting. A critical analysis of the current situation in this area has been carried out. A number of research works have been studied aimed at developing special methods to reduce manual labour and improve the quality of sizing and sorting potatoes. At the same time, it is important to sort by size with a low level of product damage, with high productivity. Known mechanical and robotic machines used for sorting potatoes: roller, drum, conveyor (belt) and combined. And also, with the help of machine and computer vision, laser backscattering of light, ultrasonic, visual and spectral analysis systems, optical, acoustic intelligent sorting systems. Among the mechanical ones, the drum sorting machine is the simplest in design. The disadvantage of this machine is that during operation the product to be sorted is only in the lower part of the drum, i.e. only part of the work surface is used. To eliminate the abovementioned disadvantage, a new design of the machine is recommended. Where the sorting surface is made of elastic mesh, the size of the holes increased in the direction of movement of the ends along the sorting surface. The ends are connected and pulled together on two drums. The holes of the elastic mesh material vary in size, the size of the holes increases from the beginning to the end of the sorting surface. The drum can be in a truncated cone or a cylinder shape. To ensure the efficient operation of the proposed machine, mathematical calculations are derived, including geometric and kinematic parameters.
Research of transition processes in the operation of reclamation pumping stations
Authors: Ali M , Beglyarov D , Nazarkin E , Korchevskaya Yu , Trotsenko I
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the results of field studies carried out on existing pressure systems with pumping stations. The considered field experiments were carried out on a closed irrigation system, which includes a pumping station with a water intake, a closed irrigation pipeline network and sprinklers. On this system, field studies of transient processes were carried out with the simultaneous shutdown of all pumping units simulating emergency power outages of the motors, and with shutdown of one of the units simulating the automatic operation of the station. The presented results make it possible to carry out practical calculations of transient processes for pumping stations with different water supplies, heads, capacities, diameters and lengths of pressure pipelines and shockproof devices.
Formulation and development of energy-saving technology for drying seeds of desert fodder plants
Authors: Kushimov B A , Karimov K A , Mamadaliev Kh Zh
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the possibility of increasing the efficiency of seed drying using energy storage. The recommended modes of the drying process and the selection of the most effective modes to use in drying units are presented. A method of additional thermal radiation for a vacuum chamber using a phase change of the heat carrier is presented. The diagram of the energy storage process and the diagram of the process of using the stored energy are shown.
Estimation of the stability of a fishing vessel during purse seining
Authors: Ivanovskaya A V , Bogatyreva E V
Published: December 2021

One of the reasons for the emergency of a fishing vessel, as well as for the failure of fishing equipment, is the sudden tension of the purse rope, which occurs when the fishing equipment is pulled. As a result of the loss of stability the vessel may enter the encircled seine area and even capsize. There are a number of measures to improve stability during the operation of the vessel. However, when designing fishing equipment, it is necessary to know forces acting on the vessel from the seine side. The article presents a method for assessing the static stability of a vessel with a static application of the tension force of the purse rope. As a result of the study, an expression for determining the static heel angle using a three-dimensional representation of the vessel is given. During simulation the geometrical parameters of the purse rope in the process of purse seine were taken into account. The tension force of the purse rope is also presented as a variable.
Kinetics of convective drying during dehydration of poultry meat products
Authors: Agafonychev V , Makhonina V , Roslikov D
Published: December 2021

Convective drying is a common method of dehydration of meat snacks (chips), which largely forms the competitive properties of the finished product. The kinetic parameters of drying (for example, the change in moisture and mass of the drying object during the process, the intensity and duration of drying) are the basis for the development and selection of equipment for the drying section of the industrial production of dehydrated meat products and process control. These indicators were determined experimentally, since they largely depend on the physical properties of a particular drying object, and it is not yet possible to calculate them with an accuracy sufficient for engineering practice. The kinetic parameters of convective drying of salted samples in the form of plates with a thickness of 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 mm, made of chicken fillet meat blocks, have been determined. In order to ensure the adequacy of the research results to the conditions of industrial production, the main stages of the industrial technological process and the characteristics of the raw material samples were physically modeled: the composition of the curing mixture, the dimensions and physical properties of the raw material samples, and drying modes. The presence of complete volumetric evaporation during a period of constant drying rate of samples of raw materials with a thickness of 2, 3, 4 mm was revealed, as well as partial volumetric evaporation (about 90%) for samples with a thickness of 6, 8, 10 mm. A change in the physical mechanism of the drying process in the period of decreasing speed (cessation of volumetric evaporation and a multiple decrease in the intensity of evaporation) has been established. Dependences of the duration of the complete drying process (the sum of the periods of constant and decreasing speed) on the thickness of the raw material samples have been determined (for example, a 4 mm thick sample dries 25% slower than a 2 mm sample). Based on the research results, the possibility of increasing the productivity of the drying equipment (up to 60%) and optimizing the drying agent supply system to the drying object is shown.
Organizational and economic priorities for the agro-industrial complex development in Russia at the regional level
Authors: Osadchaya N , Murzin A , Revunov R , Plokhotnikova G
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the main trends in the agro-industrial complex development of the Russian Federation, substantiate the organizational and economic recommendations aimed at stimulating Russian agricultural production and enhancing of this economy sector competitiveness. An extensive corpus of empirical data reflecting the agro-industrial complex development in the Russian Federation in 2016-2020, as well as its place in foreign trade operations of the Russian Federation has been thoroughly studied in frames of this research. Using the tools of statistical data processing (sampling, observation, summary and grouping), the methods of econometric analysis, the dynamics of agro-industrial complex products manufacturing, the rate of the main indicators’ change, the place of agro-industrial complex in export-import operations of the Russian Federation have been revealed, the main indicators have been compared. The geographic conditions diversity of the Russian Federation, combined with a wide range of climatic features, the availability of land and water resources creates favorable conditions for productive agricultural activities. It has been established that large-scale agricultural producers dominate in agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The directions of agro-industrial complex, in particular, crop production and cattle rising, are unevenly developing in the Russian Federation. The constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which administratively represent the Southern Federal and North Caucasian Federal Districts specialize mainly in the cultivation of grain and oilseeds due to the natural and climatic factors’ action. State authorities of the Russian Federation successfully implement the tools to stimulate agricultural production, in particular: preferential taxation regime, subsidies for lending to the agro-industrial complex economic entities from the state budget, leasing development, etc. The state support mechanism effectiveness can be intensified by using the organizational and economic tools substantiated by the authors.
Modern methodology and methods of capital structure analysis of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Butkova Oksana , Kravchenko Vladimir
Published: December 2021

The widespread emergence of crisis phenomena both in the economic and political spheres creates the need for agrarian formations to study modern methodologies and methods of their capital structure analysis. The economic literature is characteristic of the divergence of views among scientists on the directions, goals and objectives of the capital structure analysis of an enterprise. And the quality of analytical work is negatively affected by the presence of a large number of analytical indicators and coefficients. The article examines the modern methodology and methods of capital structure analysis of agricultural enterprises, as any economic entity rotating in the modern economic space must have a certain capital and use it as efficiently as possible for successful activities in economic crisis conditions. Through research, we have used the following methods: analysis, synthesis, concretization and abstraction, classification, grouping and others. As a result of the carried study, there have been identified the main problems faced by enterprises when it comes to capital structure analysis, studied the relationship between the types of capital being subject to analytical research, clarified methodological approaches to the capital structure analysis of agricultural enterprises, generalized the system of methods of capital structure analysis, developed a model of methods of capital structure analysis of agricultural enterprises.
Complex Analysis of Data from Agrochemical and Soil-Erosion Monitoring Using Geoinformation Systems
Authors: Malysheva E S , Malyshev A V , Kostin I G
Published: December 2021

The article describes a comprehensive analysis of agrochemical and soil erosion monitoring data, using the example of the Alekseevsky district of the Belgorod region with the use of a geoinformation system. The GIS automatically generates tables with data grouped by various characteristics: soil type, degree of erosion, slope steepness and exposure. The content of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, organic matter, and the level of soil acidity in the context of the district in areas with different exposures, the degree of erosion and the steepness of the slope was analyzed. The most productive soils are located on the plain, followed by the slopes of the northern exposure, neutral, then southern. Erosion processes occur more strongly mainly on the slopes of the southern exposure, and the northern slopes are characterized by humidity. Down the slope, the nutrient content decreases, the level of soil acidity increases.
Time as a key resource for the effective operation of the Russian agro-industrial complex in digital transformation context
Authors: Gusev V , Shlenov Y , Chernegov N , Tatochenko I , Poletaeva L
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the features of the activities of enterprises of the Russian agro-industrial complex in digital transformation context. The main types of resources used by them for effective work are highlighted and the task is to study time as an intangible asset that can be used to increase the efficiency of activities. This category is considered from the standpoint of classical science, its definition is given and the main properties are highlighted. The necessity of studying time as a resource and its use in the work of enterprises as a factor in the growth of profitability has been substantiated. The analysis of classical and modern systems of organizing the work of enterprises, including their tools. Based on the analysis, it has been established that during the period of digital transformation of the economy and the agro-industrial complex, little attention is paid to time as a resource, and the rational use of resources needs to be improved. For this reason, the digitalization of the agro-industrial complex is considered as the main vector of the development of the complex. The main directions of its transition from the traditional form to new methods of work, its elements, ways of reducing errors and increasing the competitiveness of enterprises in this sector of the economy are shown. The main advantages of such a development are presented. In the course of further analysis, it was found that the time factor in the agro-industrial complex during the period of digital transformation plays a key role. Time has been proven to be both a factor and a resource. It is concluded that the competent use of all types of production resources in time allows to obtain a synergistic effect.
Management of logistical processes of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Medvedeva L , Ivanova E
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the study and development of integrated management system for logistical processes, taking into account the specifics of the activities of agro-industrial enterprises. The targets for research conducted in the article include the enterprises of the fishery industry, which is an integral part of the agro-industrial sector. The article considers the urgency of logistics development, the main problems of logistics systems of modern enterprises, and ways of effective management of logistical processes of sectoral organizations. It is stated that quality expense management of logistical processes can be the key to improving the efficiency of logistics in general. A mechanism for managing logistic costs is proposed, which is focused on performing certain stages in the process of setting up and implementing a system for managing the expenditure side in the company’s activities. It is assumed that the use of tools for managing logistics costs can significantly increase the efficiency of agricultural enterprises in the long term.
Application of precision farming technologies for chemical protection of grain crops
Authors: Kipriyanov F A , Shemnyakov D V , Savinykh P A , A Smelik V
Published: December 2021

The current trend of development of agricultural production brings heightened requirements to the quality and safety of products forcing the producers to change the technologies profoundly with providing balance between gross output of production and its safety, and maintaining the stability of agro-ecosystem. The main directions of implementation of this trend is application of technologies of precision farming which constitutes in pre-dosed and addressed fertilizing and application of chemical materials to protect plants. One of the directions of efficiency improvement in the sphere of plant protection is the application of GPS-navigation which monitors the quantity of applied liquid and moving aggregates used for herbicide application. While carrying out the study of efficiency of application of the parallel driving system with the use of GPS-navigation during the chemical weeding of barley seeds of the sort “Otra” in conditions of the Vologda region it was found out that application of the system of parallel driving allowed reducing the amount of sections with the repeated herbicide treatment. This leads to the lowering of quantity of applied herbicides and positively affects the grain crop yield providing the reduction of costs for dilution to treat more than 1, 2 times.
State support of AIC technical modernization
Authors: Zhichkin K , Zhichkina L , Abramov V , Medvedeva M , Fomicheva L , Usmanova T
Published: December 2021

The article examines the features of state support for technical re-equipment of the agro-industrial complex of the Samara region. The main activities, financed from the federal and regional budgets, aimed at the development of technical equipment for the agro-industrial complex, have been identified. The purpose of the study is to assess the existing system of state support for the renewal of agricultural machinery in the agro-industrial complex of the Samara region. It is necessary to solve the following tasks: - to analyze the state of the agro-industrial complex technical equipment in the Samara region; - to evaluate the support system for the agricultural machinery park modernization in the Samara region; - to identify the shortcomings of the state support existing system for the new equipment acquisition. The current trends in improving state support for the agro-industrial complex show that the authorities of the country and the region have come to understand the problem importance. The subsidies amount is constantly increasing, new areas of support appear. The state support new direction is developing - the modernization of the land reclamation system. The Spassky irrigation system restoration is the most important reserve for increasing agricultural production.
The efficiency of grain production industry in Ryazan region
Authors: Pashkang N N , Martynushkin A B , Krasnikov A G , Fedoskina I V , Strokova E A
Published: December 2021

Based on the identified trends, patterns and features of the development of the grain production industry in Ryazan region, a conclusion was made about the existing potential and the prospect of support for agricultural organizations specializing in the production of grain, the development of seed production of winter wheat and spring barley, the use of innovative technologies for their cultivation and harvesting. The team of authors revealed that one of the main problems in the development of the grain production industry both in Ryazan region and in Russia was a decrease in the level of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises with modern grain harvesters. To solve this problem, it is proposed at the level of the regional government to purchase a license from developers for the production of devices that reduce grain losses during threshing and cleaning, create jobs for the production of these devices and modernize grain harvesters in the region, that will allow getting a larger percentage of high-quality food and seed grain, to replenish the regional budget with an additional amount of taxes, the receipt of which will exceed the costs of purchasing a license and organizing additional jobs.
Information technologies for the modernization of the grain raw separation
Authors: Fedotov V A , Yu Solovykh S
Published: December 2021

The article presents the basics of the functioning of information and measurement systems for optimizing the process of processing wheat grain. The quality of grain processing products is influenced by climatic factors and grinding technologies. The modern development of information technology makes it possible to modernize information and measurement systems for grain processing and developing algorithms for analyzing the grain physical characteristics. Trial grinding of wheat grains by different varieties was carried out at a laboratory mill. The obtained mathematical models made it possible to predict the quality of grain separation in separators. Digitalization of the grain processing industry includes the use of artificial neural networks for the analysis of images of grain mass by computer vision algorithms using the developed software. It is promising to increase the information content of granulometric analysis through the use of modern intelligent systems. To classify wheat by milling properties, it is proposed to use the grain hardness index. Computer vision and artificial neural networks were used to find and systematize grain grinding particles according to geometric properties. The error of the estimation for the hardness is no more than 3.5 %.
Assessment of the impact of chemicalization processes on the collection major crops
Authors: Ivanova T , Arkhipova V , Antonovskaya E , Sokolova G , Brenchagova S , Ivanova A
Published: December 2021

The Russian Federation has a significant raw material, scientific, technical, production and consumer potential necessary for the development of the mineral fertilizer industry. The amount of fertilizers used to increase soil fertility is one of the factors that determine the solution to the problem of the country’s economic and food security. The purpose of this article is to develop a methodology for assessing the impact of the chemicalization process on the collection of major agricultural crops in the Russian Federation. To write it, methods such as: correlation and regression analysis, index analysis, calculation of the integral indicator, forecasting are used. The novelty of the conducted research lies in the following sequence of actions. Based on the statistics, we performed an index analysis of seven parameters; calculated an integral indicator that allows us to consider factors with a heterogeneous metric; assessed the impact of the chemicalization process on the collection of major crops. Further (using the Excel program), we developed a forecast for the development of chemicalization processes in agriculture until 2022 according to three scenarios: optimistic, probabilistic and pessimistic. Forecast quality indicators indicate that the optimistic and probabilistic scenarios are more likely to be realized. Thus, based on the obtained forecast data, it can be stated that it is necessary to adjust certain indicators that actively influence the rate of harvesting of the main agricultural crops, which is a mathematical justification for making managerial decisions in the development of strategies and programs for the chemicalization of agriculture in the Russian Federation, in order to develop it further.
Tile drainage monitoring in agricultural fields with an unmanned aerial system
Authors: Mitrofanov E , Mitrofanova O
Published: December 2021

In Russia, the volume of restoration and maintenance work of drainage reclamation systems has significantly decreased, the number of trained reclamation specialists has decreased, most of the objects need reconstruction, and the documentation and schemes of pipes and channels of drainage systems have been lost. Accordingly, the development of agricultural drainage reclamation will require large amounts of financial and labor costs. The aim of the work is to present an alternative approach to assessing the status of these systems for making management decisions using an unmanned aerial system (UAS), which allows you to quickly obtain high quality aerial photographs (2-7 cm/pixel) of an agricultural area up to 50 hectares in one flight. In addition to the unmanned aerial vehicle, the UAS also includes an onboard complex, a payload and a ground control station. The flight group carries out all stages of data acquisition and preprocessing in an automated mode using specialized software. In the course of the experimental studies, the main elements of the considered approach to monitoring drainage systems are highlighted: the period of aerial photography, determination of the pipes and canals schemes, determination of waterlogging zones on agricultural areas and breakdowns of a reclamation system, monitoring in dynamics. As a result, when solving the problem of monitoring drainage reclamation systems, the use of UAS seems to be a relevant and promising approach, which makes it possible to assess the object status promptly.
The Sociodemographic Aspect of Sustainable Development Formation of the Agroindustrial Complex in the Far Eastern Federal District
Authors: Pastukhova N , Emelyanova E , Nishchev A
Published: December 2021

The article describes the sociodemographic aspect of sustainable development formation of the agroindustrial complex, consistent with the regional features. The methodological and theoretical basis of this publication is the works of economic theory founders and the works of domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of the sociodemographic aspect of sustainable development formation of the agroindustrial sector. The methodology based on the revealing and studying the problems of the sociodemographic aspect of sustainable development of the agroindustrial complex and the common and regional factors of sustainable development of the agroindustrial complex. Used methods: analysis, synthesis, monographical, analytical, abstract-logical, calculation and constructive, economic and statistical, economic and mathematical, sociologial, expert.
Theoretical aspects of the calculation the main design parameters of the electric bird repeller
Authors: Surinsky D M , Savchuk I V
Published: December 2021

The problem of scaring away birds was born in ancient times and remains relevant to this day. Birds tend to places where they are comfortable and stay there. Therefore, to achieve maximum effect, new and effective designs of electric bird repellers are needed. Currently, the territories of cities and their outskirts serve as a habitat not only for people and domestic animals, they are also a habitat for numerous species of wild birds. In the settlements and in their vicinity, a specific fauna of birds has formed. Its main features are a limited number of species and a large number of individuals. This is due to the fact that few bird species were able to adapt to the specific living conditions in the city. However, those who were able to adapt found in the city a favorable environment for rapid and mass reproduction. The number of synanthropic birds in large cities reaches tens and hundreds of thousands of individuals [2]. Synanthropic birds are wild birds that constantly live in the vicinity of humans or have found favorable nesting conditions in the territory of settlements and their environs. Many spheres of life of synanthropic birds are directly related to human activities, since the food of synanthropic birds is anthropogenic in nature, because their diet usually includes seeds of cultivated plants and all kinds of food waste [3]. In each region, different species of birds prevail, but there are patterns that are characteristic of the entire territory of Russia. Almost everywhere, the main representatives of the synanthropic are house sparrows and doves. In the central part of the country, you can safely add the hooded crow to this list. When moving towards the west, the number of crows decreases markedly.
Greening education as a foundation sustainable development of the environment
Authors: Anzorova S , Sarbassova S , Dzhubalieva Z , Meldebekova A , Zhapanova M , Zhumadilova G , Zubets A
Published: December 2021

The complex and contradictory situation in the relationship between society and the environment has raised a number of important problems, the solution of which lies in the field of environmental education. The environmental problem is one of the most exciting and dramatic human problems of the 21st century. Signs of the global ecological crisis of humanity, set before each individual the task of mastering the principles of managing their lives, which are in constant interaction with the environment, the tasks of rational nature management and awareness of the role, place and importance of man in the evolution of the Earth and Space. The priority of any educational system is the formation of a holistic worldview and ecological culture of the individual and society, within which it is necessary to perform a socio-ecological function. The growing interest and concern of both the public and State institutions to the problems of nature surrounding humans in developed countries is becoming obvious.
Survey on Environmental Protection of College Students’ Consumption and Environmental Protection Concept Under “Otaku Economy”
Authors: Hong Wei , Gan Lin , Xu Juan , Zhou Tao
Published: December 2021

With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, Internet economy rises rapidly. As a result, people’s environmental behavior and environmental protection concept can be greatly changed.Among these changes, the environmental protection situation of college students under the Otaku economy is the most typical.This paper studies the influence of college students on the environment from two aspects: the daily consumption behavior of college students’ Otaku economy and the concept of environmental protection of college students.The relevant data and conclusions can let us make better suggestions.This can not only promote the innovation of environmental protection in the new era, but also provide some case materials for the research on the changes of environmental protection in the era of Otaku economy. In this paper, questionnaire survey and field interview are used to obtain basic information, and data analysis and processing are used. Finally, the specific impact of College Students’ consumption habits and environmental protection ideas on the environment is obtained, and relevant conclusions and suggestions are drawn.