bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variability of index of absorbance difference (IAD) to indicate fruit maturity at harvest for major apple cultivars in Ontario
Authors: Mostofi Younes , DeEll Jennifer R.
Published: October 2023

The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the index of absorbance difference ( IAD) of four major apple cultivars in Ontario (‘Honeycrisp’, ‘Ambrosia’, ‘Gala’, and ‘McIntosh’) during the harvest window over multiple seasons (≥4 years), as well as its relationship with fruit firmness, internal ethylene concentration, and starch index values. IAD values differed among the four cultivars, with ‘McIntosh’ having the highest IAD (1.03–1.33) overall and ‘Gala’ having the lowest (0.19–0.56). Principal component analysis showed that the cultivars were separated into distinct groups. ‘Honeycrisp’ was clustered with starch and ethylene, while ‘Gala’ and ‘McIntosh’ were mainly clustered with firmness and IAD, respectively. Variable correlations between IAD and other maturity indices were found over the years. The negative relationship between IAD and ethylene for ‘Gala’ showed variability with R2 ranging from 0.008 in 2012 to 0.47 in 2018. The correlation between IAD and starch for ‘Gala’ was very strong ( rs = −0.82****) in 2018, whereas it was not significant in any year for ‘McIntosh’. Overall, IAD may relate to harvest maturity, but it did not correlate closely or consistently with other maturity indices, varied greatly year to year, and was cultivar dependent. IAD measures are not consistently related to fruit maturity every year, making reliability difficult to attain.
NEW ENERGY DEMONSTRATION CITY CONSTRUCTION AND HIGH-QUALITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: GUO BINGNAN , FENG YU , WANG XU , LIN JI
Published: October 2023

Environmental pollution and energy shortage are prominent global issues that severely hinder high-quality economic development (HQED). This not only concerns the common interests of the international community, but also relates to the planet’s future. Although scholars have studied the impact of the New Energy Demonstration City (NEDC) on environmental pollution and energy efficiency, empirical evidence on the impact of this policy on HQED is insufficient. Therefore, we propose three research hypotheses based on theoretical analysis and test them using a series of models. First, we use a difference-in-differences (DID) model to test the effect of NEDC on HQED. Second, we group the observed objects to verify the heterogeneity of policy effects among characteristic subjects. Finally, we adopt a moderating effect model to explore the mechanism of technological innovation. The empirical tests confirm our three hypotheses. This study identifies not only the contribution of NEDC to HQED at the theoretical and empirical levels, revealing the positive moderating effect of technological innovation, but also provides a theoretical framework for new energy utilization and high-quality economic growth in China.
Minimal left–right symmetric model with A4 modular symmetry
Authors: Kakoti Ankita , Boruah Bichitra Bijay , Das Mrinal Kumar
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we have realized the left–right symmetric model (LRSM) with modular symmetry. Most of the previous works on LRSM have been done considering discrete flavor symmetry, but this work has been carried out using [Formula: see text](3) modular group which is isomorphic to nonabelian discrete symmetry group [Formula: see text]. The advantage of using modular symmetry is the nonrequirement for the use of extra particles called “flavons”. In this model, the Yukawa couplings are expressed in terms of modular forms [Formula: see text]. In this work, we have studied minimal LRSM for both type-I and type-II dominances. Here, we have calculated the values for the Yukawa couplings and then plotted it against the sum of the neutrino masses. The results obtained are well within the experimental limits for the desired values of sum of neutrino masses. We have also briefly analyzed the effects of the implications of modular symmetry on neutrinoless double beta decay with the new physics contributions and the correlation of lepton flavor violation and lightest neutrino mass within the framework of modular symmetric LRSM.
Cascade AdaBoost Neural Network Classifier: Analysis and Design
Authors: Gao Mingjie , Huang Wei , Wan Shaohua , Oh Sung-Kwun , Pedrycz Witold
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we propose a cascade AdaBoost neural network (CANN) based on concepts and construct of AdaBoost neurons and cascade structure. Compared with AdaBoost, CANN can represent complex relationships between features. In CANN, representation learning is performed through AdaBoost, and the method of random selection features is utilized to encourage the diversity of AdaBoost neurons. Through the cascade structure, CANN has the context structure for complex feature representation. At the same time, in order to avoid the problem of feature disappearance, shortcut connection is used to add the previous information to the later nodes. Furthermore, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is utilized to optimize the structure of CANN, it can obtain the number of iterations to achieve better performance. Two types of CANN are proposed based — binary-classification CANN (BCANN) or multi-classification CANN (MCANN). The performance of CANN is evaluated with two kinds of data sets: machine learning data sets and atrial fibrillation data set. A comparative analysis illustrates that the proposed CANN leads to better performance than the models reported in the literature.
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TERNARY HYBRID NANOFLUID FLOW OVER A STRETCHING SURFACE SUBJECT TO THERMAL CONVECTIVE AND ZERO MASS FLUX CONDITIONS
Authors: ABAS SYED ARSHAD , ULLAH HAKEEM , ISLAM SAEED , FIZA MEHREEN
Published: October 2023

Nanoparticles have the capability to augment the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. For the transmission of heat, the material’s low thermal conductivity is the key problem. Therefore, to increase the thermal conductivity, researchers mixed different nanoparticles in the base fluids. In this field of study, utilizing three different particles is the most recent strategy to form a ternary hybrid nanofluid that gives us better results in terms of heat transfer. The interaction of three different kinds of nanoparticles, i.e. copper, alumina and silver, is considered with water serving as the base fluid to form a ternary hybrid nanofluid. The paper explores the behavior of ternary hybrid nanofluids on heat and mass transportation phenomena of the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) micropolar flow across a porous extending surface with zero mass flux and convective conditions. The Brownian motion, thermal radiation, heat source and sink, and joule heating are taken into consideration in the temperature equation. The chemical reaction is incorporated into the concentration equation. Appropriate similarity transformations are used to transform the system of partial differential equations (PDEs) to a coupled system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used to solve the system of the flow equations. The effects of the nanoparticle’s volume fractions and other different physical parameters on the surface drag force, Nusselt number, velocities, microrotation, temperature and concentration profiles are scrutinized through figures and tables. The outcomes of the present investigation show that the heat transfer rate is augmented with the increasing value of thermophoresis parameter. The magnetic field has augmented temperature while the opposite result is seen in velocity and microrotation profiles. With the escalating values of thermophoresis parameter, the concentration and temperature of ternary hybrid nanofluids are boosted while the increasing Brownian and chemical reaction parameters have decreased the concentration profile. The surface friction coefficient exhibited by the ternary hybrid nanofluid is higher than hybrid and conventional nanofluids.
MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AND ANTI-CORROSION CHARACTERISTICS OF AS-CAST AND LPBF PRINTED INCONEL PLATES IN SEAWATER ENVIRONMENT
Authors: JEYAPRAKASH N. , YANG CHE-HUA , KARUPPASAMY SUNDARA SUBRAMANIAN , RADHIKA N.
Published: October 2023

Inconel 718 (IN 718) belongs to the category of nickel-based superalloys with outstanding mechanical characteristics such as high strength, better corrosion resistance, greater hardness, fatigue and wear resistance. This alloy is mostly implemented in manufacturing the components of aeroengines, nuclear reactors, space shuttles, pressurized boilers and so on. In most cases, the parts made from this alloy work in severe aggressive environments. A prolonged exposure of this alloy in such environments will pave the way for corrosion phenomenon which will minimize the service life of the components. It is reported that the parts made via additive manufacturing will exhibit better mechanical characteristics than the casted and forged parts. This work is aimed to investigate the anti-corrosion characteristics of both as-cast and LPBF printed IN 718 samples at various time intervals in the seawater environment. By means of FESEM micrographs, the microstructural evolution in both as-cast and LPBF printed IN 718 samples was analyzed. The anti-corrosion characteristics of both samples were investigated in the environment containing 3.5 wt.% NaCl (seawater) in terms of EIS and potentiodynamic polarization curves along with the corroded morphology. The results showed that the LPBF printed IN 718 samples exhibit fine cellular and columnar grains decorated with the NbC precipitates along their boundaries, whereas the casted samples have larger and coarser grains with uneven segregation of NbC precipitates. From the Tafel and EIS (Nyquist and Bode) plots, the LPBF IN 718 sample showed greater corrosion resistance in terms of current density and polarization resistance values. In particular, the 15 h LPBF sample has a strong, compact passive film formed on it. This compact passive film paved the way for this sample to exhibit lower current density (3.03 × 10[Formula: see text] A/cm2) and higher polarization resistance (3678 Ω · cm2) when compared with the LPBF and cast samples at other intervals.
O-PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE AS AN EXCELLENT VAPOR PHASE CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR Mg ALLOY AZ31B UNDER SIMULATED OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: WANG JINGBAO , TABISH MOHAMMAD , ZHAO JINGMAO
Published: October 2023

Magnesium alloy with good application potential has a poor corrosion resistance, so it is essential to develop a new corrosion inhibitor and investigate the inhibition mechanism for magnesium alloy. In this work, three vapor phase corrosion inhibitors (VCIs) were used for AZ31B magnesium alloy under a simulated ocean–atmosphere environment, and the inhibition behaviors and mechanisms were studied. The inhibition performances of the three VCIs were evaluated by Digital Still Camera, electrochemical tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to further explore the inhibition mechanism. Compared to benzoic acid and ammonium benzoate, o-phthalic anhydride can provide the best protection for AZ31B magnesium alloy. The [Formula: see text][Formula: see text] was reduced from 11.18 [Formula: see text]A cm[Formula: see text] (blank) to 0.65 [Formula: see text]A cm[Formula: see text] and the ([Formula: see text] + [Formula: see text]) was increased from 1478.1 Ω cm2 (blank) to 3129.8 Ω cm2 with o-phthalic anhydride as VCI. O-phthalic anhydride combined with Mg[Formula: see text] to form different complexes with different molecular weights, which developed a more compact protective film on the AZ31B surface. Overall, the o-phthalic anhydride can be utilized as an excellent VCI for AZ31B magnesium alloy in a simulated ocean–atmosphere environment.
OPTIMAL INVESTMENT UNDER PARTIAL INFORMATION AND ROBUST VAR-TYPE CONSTRAINT
Authors: BÄUERLE NICOLE , CHEN AN
Published: October 2023

This paper extends the utility maximization literature by combining partial information and (robust) regulatory constraints. Partial information is characterized by the fact that the stock price itself is observable by the optimizing financial institution, but the outcome of the market price of the risk [Formula: see text] is unknown to the institution. The regulator develops either a congruent or distinct perception of the market price of risk in comparison to the financial institution when imposing the Value-at-Risk (VaR) constraint. We also discuss a robust VaR constraint in which the regulator uses a worst-case measure. The solution to our optimization problem takes the same form as in the full information case: optimal wealth can be expressed as a decreasing function of state price density. The optimal wealth is equal to the minimum regulatory financing requirement in the intermediate economic states. The key distinction lies in the fact that the price density in the final state depends on the overall evolution of the estimated market price of risk, denoted as [Formula: see text] or that the upper boundary of the intermediate region exhibits stochastic behavior.
On coherent states description of exciton systems: NLSE equations and hydrodynamics
Authors: Cirilo-Lombardo Diego Julio
Published: October 2023

The exciton system is described by means of specially constructed coherent states (CS), according to an idea of L.V. Keldysh long ago. The system is analyzed from the geometric point of view and from the relevant symmetry group contained in the displacement operator as generador of the CS system in the Klauder–Perelomov sense. Explicitly important quantities involving the quantum statistics of the system (partition function, mean density n and the Yuen limit) are calculated and briefly discussed in relation to the known case of pure bosons (e.g. photons). The Bogoliubov type transformations for the field operators of the Wannier–Mott type exciton system are presented in an exact way (in sharp contrast with the case of [11] where only a rough approximation was given) showing how these transformations induce nonlinearity (cubic at first order) in the Schrodinger equation of the system. The conditions for a hydrodynamic description of the original Keldysh model, as the possibility of a BEC (Bose–Einstein Condensation), are discussed.
Analysis and Chaos Control and Synchronization of the Nonlinear Newton–Leipnik System Via Feedback Adaptive Control Techniques
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Matouk Ahmed E. , Kumar Praveen , Yadav Dharmendra Kumar , Prasad Ram Pravesh
Published: October 2023

This paper presents the system analysis and chaos control synchronization of the Newton–Leipnik system. Uniqueness and existence solutions (equilibrium points or fixed points) of Newton–Leipnik system have been discussed and local analysis of the system at each equilibrium points is studied. Lyapunov exponents and Kaplan–Yorke dimensions, bifurcation diagrams and poincare sections are analyzed and plotted to establish the presence of chaos in the system. Control feedback techniques are simulated in the nonlinear Newton–Leipnik system. Controlling chaos of systems to find the desired result are established. Synchronization methodologies of two identical integer-order Newton–Leipnik systems are yielded applying adaptive control technologies which have been verified through plotting the graphs of tracking the trajectories of master to slave systems, parameter identification results and synchronization of error dynamics diagrams of Newton–Leipnik systems. These findings offer valuable insights and tools applicable to various scientific and technological domains. These results highlight the originality of our study and deepen our understanding of chaos in Newton–Leipnik systems, offering practical applications and enhanced insights for researchers and scientists in chaos analysis.
Direct decomposition of N2O over Co3O4/ZrSn1−xFexO4−δ catalysts
Authors: Hu Dong-Run , Nunotani Naoyoshi , Imanaka Nobuhito
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the development and characterization of precious-metal-free Co3O4/ZrSn[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] catalysts for the purpose of direct N2O decomposition. The oxygen supply from ZrSn[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] facilitated N2O decomposition. Among the prepared catalysts, the 19 wt.% Co3O4/ZrSn[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity. Furthermore, N2O was completely decomposed at a relatively low temperature of 500∘C.
The Hospitalist Movement 25 Years Later
Authors: Kulkarni Shradha A. , Wachter Robert M.
Published: October 2023

Hospitalists are generalists who specialize in the care of hospitalized patients. In the 25 years since the term hospitalist was coined, the field of hospital medicine has grown exponentially and established a substantial footprint in the medical community. There are now more hospitalists than practicing physicians in any other internal medicine subspecialty. Several key forces catalyzed the growth in the field of hospital medicine, including the quality, safety, and value movements; residency duty hour restrictions; the emergence of electronic health records; and the COVID-19 pandemic. Looking ahead, we see new opportunities in the realms of technology and telemedicine, and challenges persist in regard to balancing financial considerations with increasing workload and burnout. Hospitalists must remain nimble and seize emerging opportunities to continue supporting the field's prominence and growth.
CFD Simulations and Experimental Investigation of a Flat-Plate Solar Air Heater at Different Positions of Inlet and Outlet
Authors: Belay Tigabu Mekonnen , Atnaw Samson Mekbib
Published: October 2023

In this study, the effects of the positions of inlet and outlet in a single-flow flat plate rectangular box active solar air heater due to convective heat transfer were designed, constructed, theoretically investigated using CFD fluid flow (fluent) software, and experimentally examined. The internal dimensions of the solar air heater are length and width of 100 cm and 50 cm, respectively, and the air gap between absorber plate and glazing glass is 9 cm. The solar air heaters are constructed with 18 mm thickness plywood, 4 mm thickness glazing glass, and 1 mm thickness aluminium sheet metal. Except for the glazing glass, other construction materials are painted black to absorb solar radiation. The positions of the inlet and outlet depend on the fraction of the width of the solar air heater. Based on the three-day average outlet temperature of the solar air heaters, solar air heater B has the highest average outlet temperature compared with other active solar air heaters and ambient air temperatures. Based on the three-day average outlet temperature of solar air heaters and ambient air temperatures, the active solar air heater B outlet temperature is 33.83 percent greater than the ambient air average temperature. The average outlet temperature of the air in passive solar air heaters increased by 17% and 4.43% compared to ambient air and active solar air heaters outlet air temperatures, respectively, due to the speed of the air in the solar air heater. The uncertainty of the instruments to measure the temperature of the air is

±

0.289°C, and the uncertainty of the solar air heater is

±

0.462°C. A higher average air outlet temperature was achieved in March at a tilt angle of 12° at a latitude of 8.89°. The negative tilt angle in May at a latitude of 8.89° indicates the south-facing orientation of solar air heaters is better. The passive solar air heater and ambient air temperature have a higher air temperature fluctuation than the active solar air collector.
Correlation Analysis of Prognostic Gene Expression, Tumor Microenvironment, and Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Li Qing , Yang Zongjing , Ling Xingqing , Ye Junming , Wu Jiaying , Wang Yu , Yao Chun , Zheng Jinghui
Published: October 2023

Objective. Tumor microenvironment (TME) research can provide a crucial direction for the innovation and continuous improvement of novel biologic therapies for cancer. This study examined the relationship between the TME, expression profiles of the tumor-infiltrating immune cell, and prognostic gene expression in ovarian cancer (OC). Materials and Methods. Screening of CD3E, CD3G, CD2, CD3D, CCL19, and IL2RG was performed using the bioinformatics methods. Results. All six genes were found to participate in immune-related molecular mechanisms and could regulate the expression of tumor-infiltrating cells. A Kaplan–Meier survival analysis results demonstrated a strong association between overall survival and all gene expressions in patients with OC. CIBERSORT analysis results showed that the expression level of all genes was positively correlated with γδ T cell proportions. Conclusion. Therefore, in the OC microenvironment, CD3E, CD3G, CD2, CD3D, CCL19, and IL2RG can be potential immunotherapy targets and prognostic markers.
Targeting Transcriptional Regulation with a CDK9 Inhibitor Suppresses Growth of Endocrine- and Palbociclib-Resistant ER+ Breast Cancers
Authors: Soosainathan Arany , Iravani Marjan , El-Botty Rania , Alexander John , Sourd Laura , Morisset Ludivine , Painsec Pierre , Orha Rebecca , Nikitorowicz-Buniak Joanna , Pancholi Sunil , Haider Syed , Dowsett Mitch , Marangoni Elisabetta , Martin Lesley-Ann , Isacke Clare M.
Published: October 2023

The combination of endocrine therapy and CDK4/6 inhibitors such as palbociclib is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) breast cancer, yet many patients relapse with therapy-resistant disease. Determining the mechanisms underlying endocrine therapy resistance is limited by the lack of ability to fully recapitulate inter- and intratumor heterogeneity in vitro and of availability of tumor samples from women with disease progression or relapse. In this study, multiple cell line models of resistant disease were used for both two-dimensional (2D)– and three-dimensional (3D)–based inhibitor screening. The screens confirmed the previously reported role of pro-proliferative pathways, such as PI3K–AKT–mTOR, in endocrine therapy resistance and additionally identified the transcription-associated cyclin-dependent kinase CDK9 as a common hit in ER+ cell lines and patient-derived organoids modeling endocrine therapy–resistant disease in both the palbociclib-sensitive and palbociclib-resistant settings. The CDK9 inhibitor, AZD4573, currently in clinical trials for hematologic malignancies, acted synergistically with palbociclib in these ER+in vitro 2D and 3D models. In addition, in two independent endocrine- and palbociclib-resistance patient-derived xenografts, treatment with AZD4573 in combination with palbociclib and fulvestrant resulted in tumor regression. Tumor transcriptional profiling identified a set of transcriptional and cell-cycle regulators differentially downregulated only in combination-treated tumors. Together, these findings identify a clinically tractable combination strategy for overcoming resistance to endocrine therapy and CDK4/6 inhibitors in breast cancer and provide insight into the potential mechanism of drug efficacy in targeting treatment-resistant disease.

Significance:

Targeting transcription-associated CDK9 synergizes with CDK4/6 inhibitor to drive tumor regression in multiple models of endocrine- and palbociclib-resistant ER+ breast cancer, which could address the challenge of overcoming resistance in patients.
Table S4 from Characteristics and Spatially Defined Immune (micro)landscapes of Early-stage PD-L1–positive Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Carter Jodi M. , Polley Mei-Yin C. , Leon-Ferre Roberto A. , Sinnwell Jason , Thompson Kevin J. , Wang Xue , Ma Yaohua , Zahrieh David , Kachergus Jennifer M. , Solanki Malvika , Boughey Judy C. , Liu Minetta C. , Ingle James N. , Kalari Krishna R. , Couch Fergus J. , Thompson E. Aubrey , Goetz Matthew P.
Published: October 2023

Abundance of Immune Proteins and other Biomarkers in PD-L1+ segments vs. PD-L1- Segments using high-plex digital spatial profiling
Becos, ruas e largos: o espaço urbano do arraial do Tijuco, 1735-1775
Authors: Carrara Angelo Alves , Pires Letícia Bedendo Campanha
Published: October 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo propor um esboço do espaço urbano do antigo arraial do Tijuco entre 1735 e 1784 por meio de um conjunto variado de fontes textuais, bem como de mapas elaborados em 1775 e 1784. O período escolhido abrange os primeiros registros de nomes das vias públicas onde se localizavam as lojas ou vendas do arraial do Tijuco, e a lista de logradouros que acompanha a “pequena planta do arraial do Tijuco” elaborada em 1775. O maior desafio a ser enfrentado é sem dúvida a variação dos nomes para os mesmos logradouros. Com base nos elementos aqui expostos, busca-se mostrar que na década de 1730 os estabelecimentos comerciais se concentravam principalmente nas ruas da Quitanda, do Bonfim e do Carmo, mas também na atual praça Conselheiro Mata, rua do Contrato, Rosário e no Macau – basicamente nos logradouros situados entre a igreja de Santo Antônio e o edifício da antiga Intendência dos Diamantes (situado onde hoje é a Mitra Arquidiocesana de Diamantina). Este parece ter sido o eixo em torno do qual novas vias foram sendo constituídas. Trata-se obviamente de um primeiro esforço, e pesquisas posteriores, sem dúvida, poderão refinar esta proposta.
Técnica A-DInSAR aplicada aos deslocamentos superficiais do setor GW da mina de Brucutu – Quadrilátero Ferrífero
Authors: Boulhosa Gabrieli Santos , Hartwig Marcos Eduardo , Fernandes Adam Barros
Published: October 2023

A mina de Brucutu encontra-se na porção nordeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, no município de São Gonçalo do Rio Abaixo, a aproximadamente 120 km a leste de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Nesse local, a empresa Vale S.A. opera uma das maiores minas de ferro do Brasil. O minério de ferro encontra-se alojado nos itabiritos e em corpos de hematita da Formação Cauê. Essas rochas têm diferentes comportamentos geomecânicos, visto que elas ocorrem em contatos com rochas intrusivas e encontram-se brechadas, intensamente foliadas e fortemente intemperizadas. Os taludes das cotas 1.030 a 1.000 m, do setor GW da cava de Brucutu, vem registrando instabilidades nos últimos anos. O presente estudo visou analisar os deslocamentos superficiais e discutir os prováveis fatores controladores. Utilizou-se a técnica Advanced Differential Radar Interferometry (A-DInSAR) a partir de imagens do sensor COSMO-SkyMed em modo StripMap para monitorar os deslocamentos. Os períodos abrangidos para o desenvolvimento do presente trabalho foram de junho de 2018 a agosto de 2019 e de junho de 2019 a novembro de 2020. As imagens utilizadas foram fornecidas e processadas pela empresa Telespazio Brasil. Foram utilizadas também ortoimagens provenientes de Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada (ARP), dados geológicos-geotécnicos de campo e dados pluviométricos. Os resultados obtidos por meio do monitoramento A-DInSAR mostram que foram identificadas taxas de deslocamento consideráveis (até -76,3 mm/ano) no período chuvoso. As instabilidades presentes na área de estudo são condicionadas pelos seguintes fatores: contato entre rochas intrusivas (IN) e itabirito friável (IF); atitude desfavorável da foliação; e índices pluviométricos elevados que produzem o desmantelamento (erosão) da face dos taludes.
Transport Strategy in Patients With Suspected Acute Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke: TRIAGE-STROKE, a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Behrndtz Anne , Blauenfeldt Rolf A. , Johnsen Søren P. , Valentin Jan B. , Gude Martin F. , Al-Jazi Mohammad Ahmad , von Weitzel-Mudersbach Paul , Modrau Boris , Damgaard Dorte , Hougaard Kristina Dupont , Hjort Niels , Diedrichsen Tove , Poulsen Marika , Schmitz Marie Louise , Fisher Marc , Andersen Grethe , Simonsen Claus Z. , Sandahl Birgitte , Jeppesen Lise , Bay Rikke , Eiskær Kristina , Andersen Malene , Lauridsen Janni , Mette Anne , Sottrup-Jensen Anne-Mette , Jensen Nina , Hansen Maiken , Tørring Margret, Jesper , Ochonske Anna , Stilund Morten , Sirakov Georgi , Bekan Goran , Perampalam Mayoran , Maanaki Zeinaab , Falah Masoud , Mortensen Janne , Due Søren , Degn Niels
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

When patients with acute ischemic stroke present with suspected large vessel occlusion in the catchment area of a primary stroke center (PSC), the benefit of direct transport to a comprehensive stroke center (CSC) has been suggested. Equipoise remains between transport strategies and the best transport strategy is not well established.

METHODS:

We conducted a national investigator-driven, multicenter, randomized, assessor-blinded clinical trial. Patients eligible for intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) who were suspected for large vessel occlusion were randomized 1:1 to admission to the nearest PSC (prioritizing IVT) or direct CSC admission (prioritizing endovascular therapy). The primary outcome was functional improvement at day 90 for all patients with acute ischemic stroke, measured as shift towards a lower score on the modified Rankin Scale score.

RESULTS:

From September 2018 to May 2022, we enrolled 171 patients of whom 104 had acute ischemic stroke. The trial was halted before full recruitment. Baseline characteristics were well balanced. Primary analysis of shift in modified Rankin Scale (ordinal logistic regression) revealed an odds ratio for functional improvement at day 90 of 1.42 (95% CI, 0.72–2.82,
P
=0.31). Onset to groin time for patients with large vessel occlusion was 35 minutes (
P
=0.007) shorter when patients were transported to a CSC first, whereas onset to needle (IVT) was 30 minutes (
P
=0.012) shorter when patients were transported to PSC first. IVT was administered in 67% of patients in the PSC group versus 78% in the CSC group and EVT was performed in 53% versus 63% of the patients, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

This trial investigated the benefit of bypassing PSC. We included only IVT-eligible patients presenting <4 hours from onset and with suspected large vessel occlusion. Lack of power prevented the results from showing effect on functional outcome for patients going directly to CSC.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03542188.
Application of a 1H brain MRS benchmark dataset to deep learning for out-of-voxel artifacts
Authors: Gudmundson Aaron T. , Davies-Jenkins Christopher W. , Özdemir İpek , Murali-Manohar Saipavitra , Zöllner Helge J. , Song Yulu , Hupfeld Kathleen E. , Schnitzler Alfons , Oeltzschner Georg , Stark Craig E. L. , Edden Richard A. E.
Published: October 2023

Neural networks are potentially valuable for many of the challenges associated with MRS data. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the AGNOSTIC dataset, which contains 259,200 synthetic 1H MRS examples for training and testing neural networks. AGNOSTIC was created using 270 basis sets that were simulated across 18 field strengths and 15 echo times. The synthetic examples were produced to resemble in vivo brain data with combinations of metabolite, macromolecule, residual water signals, and noise. To demonstrate the utility, we apply AGNOSTIC to train two Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to address out-of-voxel (OOV) echoes. A Detection Network was trained to identify the point-wise presence of OOV echoes, providing proof of concept for real-time detection. A Prediction Network was trained to reconstruct OOV echoes, allowing subtraction during post-processing. Complex OOV signals were mixed into 85% of synthetic examples to train two separate CNNs for the detection and prediction of OOV signals. AGNOSTIC is available through Dryad, and all Python 3 code is available through GitHub. The Detection network was shown to perform well, identifying 95% of OOV echoes. Traditional modeling of these detected OOV signals was evaluated and may prove to be an effective method during linear-combination modeling. The Prediction Network greatly reduces OOV echoes within FIDs and achieved a median log10 normed-MSE of—1.79, an improvement of almost two orders of magnitude.
Nigerian Maritime
Authors: Obiakor Maximilian Obinna , Obiakor Chukwuebuka Hamilton , Ezendu Ejike , Ezeonyejiaku Chigozie Damian
Published: October 2023

Maritime industry clustering has in recent years gained attention as a tool for strategic global and regional economic competitiveness policies, owing to their co-location synergies and agglomeration economies. The Nigerian maritime sector is known to have a large industry, which comprises shipping and logistics firms, shipyards, ship consultants and a suite of other firms, institutions and associations with maritime functions. However, nothing is known about the structural characteristics and environmental dynamics of this significant cluster. This article, capitalising on a critical and meta-analytic review of studies and conceptual modelling, explores for the first time the Nigerian maritime industry from a cluster perspective, underpinned by the foundational competitiveness of Nigerian microeconomic performance. It further evaluates broadly the quality of the Nigerian business environment, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for strategic foresight in decision-making. Targeted recommendations predicated on cluster-specific characteristics are provided to improve cluster competitiveness.
Group Minds in Ancient Narrative
Authors: Chrysanthou Chrysanthos S.
Published: October 2023

The present article adopts a cognitive approach to examine the representation of group minds in ancient narrative and show the specific purposes to which they are put. Herodian’s History of the Roman Empire, a work that illustrates the social and collective dimension of mental functioning, is chosen as a case study. After a brief exposition of the state of research on collective minds in narratology and literature, the present study first discusses the formation of group minds and their stability or mutability over the course of Herodian’s narrative. The next section explores the internal dynamics of group minds, focusing especially on instances of splitting which helpfully illuminate the problematic nature of the Roman principate after Marcus’ death. The final section draws on contemporary theories of philosophy of mind and the cognitive sciences and examines the way and extent that Herodian’s groups can be considered as ‘intentional agents’. In this regard, it is proposed that Herodian represents an approach to group agency that prefigures modern theory of ‘interpretivism’. Overall, the article suggests a novel way of studying ancient narrative, one that reconciles narratological and cognitive analysis with historical and political considerations by revealing the constitutive role of group minds in various aspects of the ancient social world.
Dawānī (d. 1502) and Dashtakī (d. 1498) on Primary (awwalī) and Familiar (mutaʿāraf) Predication
Authors: El-Rouayheb Khaled
Published: October 2023

The present article explores the motivations that led Jalāl al-Dīn al-Dawānī (d. 1502) to draw the distinction between what he called “primary predication” (ḥaml awwalī) and “familiar predication” (ḥaml mutaʿāraf or ḥaml shāʾiʿ). These motivations include allowing for the predication of particulars, such as “This is Zayd” and accounting for apparently true self-negations, such as “The [concept] particular is not a particular.” The article also explores some criticisms of this distinction by Dawānī’s contemporary and rival Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Dashtakī (d. 1498). Despite these criticisms, Dawānī’s distinction was adopted, adapted, and emphasized by the Safavid scholar Mīr Dāmād (d. 1631). Mīr Dāmād’s influence, in turn, accounts for the prominence given to the distinction in later centuries among Iranian and Indo-Muslim logicians.
Afghanistan
Authors: Rahimi Haroun
Published: October 2023

The Taliban returned to power in Afghanistan in August of 2021 and revived the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (IEA) in place of the internationally supported Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004–2021). Within one year of its rule, the IEA has overhauled the country’s legal system in areas of administration of justice, human rights, family law, civil law, criminal law, and commercial law. However, the country’s legal system under the Taliban remains chaotic, disuniform, and overwhelmed.
Oman: Recent Developments in the Protection of the Rights of Migrant Workers and of Women
Authors: Kanchana Radhika
Published: October 2023

This survey is a review listing some key legislative and executive measures of the government of Oman in the year 2021–2022, which have relevance to mainly the rights of the migrant workers. Further, and in less detail, this survey also refers to some of the developments pertinent to the rights of women living in Oman. However, more generally these rights are less relevant to women who are not Omani nationals. Oman is a member country of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The GCC comprises six states in the Arab-Gulf region: Oman, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia. These oil-producing states have a significant proportion of foreign workforce in the population. Foreign workers work mostly in the private sector and are also residents in the host countries. At 46.5 per cent, Oman has a relatively lower proportion of migrants in its population among the GCC members (UN DESA, 2020). Therefore, a broader spectrum of governments’ measures relating to the issues like labour, entry and residence, and ownership of property or business touch the lives of the foreign/migrant workers or expatriates in the Gulf country. Governments’ initiatives targeting domestic workers are relevant also for women because they comprise the majority in this group. The survey notes that most of the governmental activity in Oman in the past year largely concern new laws or amendments of the existing legislation and regulations linked to labour and residency matters. Some of the more relevant ones that the survey has selected here confirms this. It also marks the period post the pandemic, which had posed considerable economic challenge for the government. Hence, as also some neighbouring Gulf countries, Oman has shown a balance of measures. On the one hand, to revive its economic dynamism and competitiveness by facilitating more ease and benefits to attract and retain foreign labour and investment in the country. On the other hand, with measures such as increased nationalization effort and support expressly favouring the national workforce to boost their more active participation in the labour market. The new labour law declared by the Omani government and its signing of the Maritime Labour Convention are a few notable highlights. The survey has essentially drawn on the government’s documents and announcements as available in English or translated text, in addition to information in the press and other relevant sources.
Türkiye: Public Law
Authors: Tekin-Apaydın Deniz
Published: October 2023

Since the multi-layered impact of Covid-19 pandemic, which began to effect Türkiye by mid-March 2020, Türkiye acceleratingly felt the severe economic consequences. The ongoing economic deterioration got worsened by the Russia-Ukraine war. Many economic measures were taken by the government to ease the hardships, along with a highly disputed economic policy pursued. With the upcoming elections in 2023, the government occurs to sharpen its policies and put in place proactive internal and external policies. Within this outlook, this report hereby presents a selection of public law related developments in Türkiye between October 2021 and October 2022. The report mostly focuses on developments concerning public international law, as they appear to stand out.
Whither Economic Studies in China?
Authors: Huang Philip C. C.
Published: October 2023

In socialist China today, neoliberal economics has actually come to wield institutionalized hegemonic power in academic evaluations of economic studies, while in neoliberal America, there is actually considerably more pluralism in the practice of academic evaluations of economic studies. The origins of this state of affairs lie not in just a simple matter of ideology or policy choices, but rather in different tendencies in the actual practices of two different systems of governance. While China leans strongly toward centralized bureaucratism, along with scientism and numericalism, the U.S. leans more toward multi-centered pluralistic practices. What scholarship needs is pluralistic contentions for sustained long-term development.
The Self-as-Disrupted
Authors: Fitzpatrick Melissa Andrea
Published: October 2023

This paper seeks to clarify and link Levinas’s understanding of who we are to both his metaphysics of conversation and his unique understanding of justice, suggesting that Levinas’s markedly religious understanding of the subject provides an important clue as to what constitutes meaningful dialogue, and what the work of philosophy – grounded in meaningful dialogue – ought to entail. Based on Levinas’s account, in addition to searching for order and clarity (making transcendence immanent), the task of philosophy is to safeguard thinking from the delusion that truth has been discovered once and for all. That is, to break up proposed identifications of truth, to reject ideology – to refuse to take order and clarity for granted, even at the risk of uncertainty, as this uncertainty is what allows for the possibility of an existential shift, a new way of understanding things, a new mode of being. This inevitably involves welcoming, in hospitality, the death that necessarily accompanies metanoia.
Validation of the name Abacopteris nitida (Thelypteridaceae)
Authors: KOVALCHUK ANDRIY
Published: October 2023

N/A
Applicability of Methods for Inflow Turbulence Generation Developed in a CFD Field to the Thermally Driven Convective Boundary Layer Simulations
Authors: Sato Takuto , Kusaka Hiroyuki
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the application of two standard inflow turbulence generation methods for growing convective boundary layer (CBL) simulations: the recycle–rescale (R-R) and the digital filter–based (DF) methods, which are used in computational fluid dynamics. The primary objective of this study is to expand the applicability of the R-R method to simulations of thermally driven CBLs. This method is called the extended R-R method. However, in previous studies, the DF method has been extended to generate potential temperature perturbations. This study investigated whether the extended DF method can be applied to simulations of growing thermally driven CBLs. In this study, idealized simulations of growing thermally driven CBLs using the extended R-R and DF methods were performed. The results showed that both extended methods could capture the characteristics of thermally driven CBLs. The extended R-R method reproduced turbulence in thermally driven CBLs better than the extended DF method in the spectrum and histogram of vertical wind speed. However, the height of the thermally driven CBL was underestimated in about 100 m compared with the extended DF method. Sensitivity experiments were conducted on the parameters used in the extended DF and R-R methods. The results showed that underestimation of the length scale in the extended DF method causes a shortage of large-scale turbulence components. The other point suggested by the results of the sensitivity experiments is that the length of the driver region in the extended R-R method should be sufficient to reproduce the spanwise movement of the roll vortices.

Significance Statement

Inflow turbulence generation methods for large-eddy simulation (LES) models are crucial for the better downscaling of meteorological mesoscale models (RANS models) to microscale models (LES models). Various CFD methods have been developed, but few have been applied to simulations of thermally driven convective boundary layers (CBLs). To address this problem, we focused on a method that recycles turbulence [the recycle–rescale (R-R) method] and another method that synthetically generates turbulence [the digital filter–based (DF) method]. This study extends the R-R method to manage turbulence in thermally driven CBLs. In addition, this study investigated the applicability of the DF method to thermally driven CBL simulations. Both extended methods are effective for downscaling experiments and capture the characteristics of thermally driven CBLs.
On-Line Monitoring of Enzymatic Degumming of Soybean Oil Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Tonolini Margherita , Wawrzynczyk Joanna , Nielsen Per Munk , Engelsen Søren Balling
Published: October 2023

Degumming is an oil refinement process in which the naturally occurring phospholipids in crude vegetable oils are removed. Enzymatic degumming results in higher oil yield and more cost-efficient processing compared to traditional degumming processes using only water or acid. Phospholipase C hydrolyses phospholipids into diglycerides and phosphate groups during degumming. The diglyceride content can therefore be considered a good indicator of the state of the enzymatic reaction. This study investigates the use of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics to monitor the degumming process by quantifying diglycerides in soybean oil in both off-line and on-line settings. Fifteen enzymatic degumming lab scale batches originating from a definitive screening design (with varying water, acid, and enzyme dosages) were investigated with the aim to develop a NIR spectroscopy prediction method. By applying tailored preprocessing and variable selection methods, the diglyceride content can be predicted with a root mean square error of prediction of 0.06% (w/w) for the off-line set-up and 0.07% (w/w) for the on-line set-up. The results show that the diglyceride content is a good indicator of the enzyme performance and that NIR spectroscopy is a suitable analytical technique for robust real-time diglyceride quantification.
‘Block talk’ on Twitter: Material affordances and communicative norms
Authors: Krämer Steffen , Otto Isabell
Published: October 2023

This article explores the phenomenon of block talk among Germanspeaking Twitter users, based on a subsample of 1700 tweets from a larger corpus of 380,000 block-related tweets collected between February and December 2021. Block talk refers to users publicly mentioning and conversing about the disconnective practice of blocking, which sometimes stimulates a debate about the legitimate use of blocking while at other times providing an outgroup marker for collective positioning. Through the example of block talk we demonstrate that the platform’s curatorial infrastructure for drawing boundaries between public and private is continuously negotiated, and that this negotiation transforms the meaning of some of the default communicative affordances of the platform but also creates its own routines of making public. On the one hand, we show how users adapt conversational devices such as hashtags, screenshots, and @-mentions in the context of block talk. On the other hand, we present examples of Twitter users’ normative reflections about blocking and discuss them as processes of metapragmatic enregisterment. In the final discussion, we propose to integrate processes of routinized adaptation as well as reflexive enregisterment into a joint process of ‘communicative infrastructuring’.