bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperprogression after immunotherapy
Authors: Abbas Waseem , Rao Ranga Raju , Popli Swati
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Checkpoint inhibitors demonstrate very good anticancer effects, and some patients are long-time responders. As our experience to use these drugs increases, we see more and more patients having different kind of side effects which are usually not seen with chemotherapy. We have observed a subset of patients who appear to be “hyper-progressors,” with a greatly accelerated rate of tumor growth and clinical deterioration compared to pretherapy, which was also recently reported by Institut Gustave Roussy. Materials and Methods: Medical records from all patients (N = 50) prospectively treated in our hospital by anti-PD-1/PD-L1 were analyzed. The tumor growth rate (TGR) prior (“REFERENCE;” REF) and upon (“EXPERIMENTAL”; EXP) anti-PD-1/ PD-L1 therapy was compared to identify patients with accelerated tumor growth. Associations between TGR and overall survival (OS) were computed. Results: Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) was defined as a RECIST progression at the first evaluation and as a ≥2-fold increase of the TGR between the REF and the EXP periods. Of 50 evaluable patients, four patients (8%) were considered as having HPD. At progression, patients with HPD had a higher rate of new lesions. HPD was associated with a worse outcome (OS). Conclusion: Hyperprogression was seen in 4 of 50 (8%) of patients, three of which had urothelial cancer and one malignant melanoma, treated with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 monotherapy. Patients, on immunotherapy, qualifying for hyperprogression had shorted OS. It is important to have a better understanding of hyperprogression on immunotherapy which shall be addressed in the ongoing immunotherapy studies.
Compact Exact Lagrangian Intersections in Cotangent Bundles via Sheaf Quantization
Authors: Ike Yuichi
Published: October 2019

We show that the cardinality of the transverse intersection of two compact exact Lagrangian submanifolds in a cotangent bundle is bounded from below by the dimension of the Hom space of sheaf quantizations of the Lagrangians in Tamarkin's category. Our sheaf-theoretic method can also deal with clean and degenerate Lagrangian intersections.
Prendre le taureau par les cornes : pourquoi les pharmaciens doivent être à la tête des initiatives consacrées à la gestion des antibiotiques
Authors: Bond Christine M.
Published: October 2019

-
Un pas en avant : la Stratégie de développement durable
Authors: Fitch Patrick
Published: October 2019

-
Should Medical Devices Be Regulated as Rigorously as Drugs?
Authors: Lam Ung (Pro) Carolina Oi , You (Con) Jingjing
Published: October 2019

-
La coopération, la concurrence et les liens qui nous unissent
Authors: Dumont Zack
Published: October 2019

-
Documentation in the Patient’s Medical Record by Clinical Pharmacists in a Canadian University Teaching Hospital: Correction
Authors: Authors Various
Published: October 2019

-
Fatou's lemma for weakly converging measures under the uniform integrability condition
Authors: Feinberg Eugene Aleksandrovich , Kas'yanov Pavel Olegovich , Liang Y
Published: October 2019

В статье устанавливаются лемма Фату и теорема Лебега о мажорируемой сходимости для слабо сходящихся последовательностей конечных мер и равномерно интегрируемых по этим мерам функций. Заметка содержит также новые формулировки равномерной леммы Фату, равномерной теоремы Лебега о мажорируемой сходимости, теоремы Данфорда-Петтиса и фундаментальной теоремы о мерах Янга, основанные на эквивалентности условия равномерной интегрируемости и кажущегося более слабым условия асимптотической равномерной интегрируемости для последовательностей функций и конечных мер.
A ruin problem for a two-dimensional Brownian motion with controllable drift in the positive quadrant
Authors: Grandits Peter
Published: October 2019

В работе рассматривается двумерное броуновское движение с управляемым сносом, моделирующее процесс благосостояния двух компаний и поглощаемое на границе положительного квадранта. Предполагается, что одномерные сносы в сумме составляют максимальное значение, равное единице. Основная задача состоит в выборе стратегии, при которой ожидаемое число компаний, которые не обанкротились, является максимальным. Для этой задачи исследуется оптимальная стратегия, в том числе строго показывается, что стратегия максимального стимулирования компании с минимальным благосостоянием - стратегия, являющаяся оптимальной в случае, когда требуется максимизировать вероятность выживания обеих компаний - не является оптимальной в поставленной задаче.
Свойства функции уклонений обобщенного процесса восстановления и асимптотика преобразования Лапласа над его распределением
Authors: Borovkov Alexander Alekseevich , Mogul'skii Anatolii Al'fredovich , Prokopenko Evgenii Igorevich
Published: October 2019

Найдена асимптотика логарифма преобразования Лапласа над распределением обобщенного процесса восстановления в неограниченно возрастающий момент времени. Предполагается, что элементы последовательностей, которые управляют процессом восстановления, удовлетворяют моментному условию Крамера. Найдены представления для функции уклонений обобщенного процесса восстановления.
Rapid Emergence of Florfenicol-Resistant Invasive Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in China: A Potential Threat to Public Health
Authors: Zhan Zeqiang , Xu Xuebin , Shen Haiyan , Gao Yuan , Zeng Fanliang , Qu Xiaoyun , Zhang Hongxia , Liao Ming , Zhang Jianmin
Published: October 2019

Infection caused by invasive Salmonella occurs when Salmonella bacteria, which normally cause diarrhea, enter the bloodstream and spread through the body. We report the dramatic increase in florfenicol-resistant invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) in China between 2007 and 2016. Of the 186 iNTS strains isolated during the study period, 34 were florfenicol resistant, most of which harbored known resistance genes. Florfenicol is exclusively used in veterinary medicine in China, but now florfenicol-resistant iNTS is found in clinical patients. This finding indicates that antimicrobial resistance produced in veterinary medicine can be transmitted to humans, which poses a severe threat to public health.
Studiu privind impactul culturilor de plopi hibrizi asupra proprietăților solului
Authors: Savin Alexei , Avăcăriței Daniel , Dănilă Iulian-Constantin , Duduman Mihai-Leonard , Rotaru-Buzdugan Cătălina
Published: October 2019

Culturile intensive de plop hibrid pot aduce un aport major de biomasă în condițiile utilizării raționale a solului. Cealaltă față a monedei o reprezintă exportul de biomasă la final de ciclu de producție, materializat printr-un consum de elemente nutritive din sol și de posibile modificări ale caracteristicilor chimice ale solului. Studiul de față a analizat efectul consumului de nutrienți de către culturile de plop cu ciclu scurt de producție dar și a altor caracterisitici chimice ale solurilor cultivate. Metodologia de lucru a presupus recoltarea probelor de sol din fiecare zona din trei folosințe diferite. Obiectivul inițial a fost cel de recoltare a probelor de sol din: plantații de plopi hibrizi aflate la sfârșitul unui ciclu de producție de 5 ani (cu plopi hibrizi din clonele AF2 şi AF8, înființate în anul 2011 prin plantarea mecanizată a sadelor de 2 m, în schemă de 1,5 x 3 m); dintr-o cultură agricolă (cartof) și dintr-un teren nelucrat. Dat fiind faptul că pe raza de 3 km de locul cercetărilor și în zona Dornești și în cea de la Satu Mare, terenurile agricole sunt în totalitate cultivate, în lipsa unui teren nelucrat, drept martor au fost luate terenuri întreținute ca și pajiști. Ca rezultate ale cercetărilor se poate spune că o plantație nou înființată de plop hibrid induce modificări importante la nivelul proprietăților chimice din sol, care nu înseamnă neapărat o degradare a condițiilor fizico-chimice (pH, Al, Vah %), ci mai degrabă o epuizare a stocului de elemente nutritive din sol (N, P, K) și de cel al unor săruri solubile (CTSS) responsabile de nutriția minerală a plantelor.
Monitorizarea alunecărilor de teren prin metode ale Geomaticii. Studiu de caz: alunecarea Burdujeni – Suceava
Authors: Barnoaiea Ionuț , Iacobescu Ovidiu
Published: October 2019

În curând
Politica forestieră postbelică a câtorva state reprezentative în comparație cu a României-Noui
Authors: Demetrescu Ilie C.
Published: October 2019

fără rezumat
Sesiunea Naţională de Comunicări Ştiinţifice Studenţeşti, pe teme de Silvicultură şi Protecţia Mediului, ediția a V-a, Șipoțel, Suceava, 24-25 mai 2019
Authors: Popa Andrei
Published: October 2019

Cea de-a 5-a ediție a Conferinței Naționale Studențești pe teme de Silvicultură și Protecția Mediului a fost găzduită de Facultatea de Silvicultură din cadrul Universității „Ștefan cel Mare” din Suceava. Aceasta a avut loc în perioada 24-25 mai 2019 la cabana Șipoțel din Suceava. În cadrul acestei sesiuni, au fost prezentate douăzeci și șase lucrări de către studenți din șase universități, atât naționale, cât și internaționale: Universitatea „Ștefan cel Mare” din Suceava, Universitatea „Transilvania” din Brașov, Universitatea de Științe Agricole și Medicină Veterinară Cluj-Napoca, Universitatea din Științe Agricole și Medicină Veterinară din București, Universitatea din Oradea și Universitatea Agrară de Stat din Moldova. Principalele subiecte ale prezentărilorau fost despre protecția pădurilor, dendrometria și inventarele pădurilor, silvicultură, fiziologie, studiul lemnului, exploatarea pădurilor, vânătoare, genetică. Obiectivul  principal al acestei întâlniri a fost de a aduce împreună studenții interesați de subiectele legate de păduri și de a dezbate cercetările lor. Această sesiune științifică este o bună oportunitate pentru tinerii cercetători de a dezvolta abilități de comunicare și de a găsi noi perspective de studiu.
Reuniunea directorilor generali din UE în domeniul pădurilor, Gura Humorului, 5-6 iunie 2019
Authors: Solovăstru Valerian
Published: October 2019

Acest scurt raport povestește despre un eveniment important organizat în cadrul Președinției Române a Consiliului Uniunii Europene. A fost o întâlnire oficială organizată în perioada 5-6 iunie 2019 de Direcția Silvică Suceava, la ea participând 100 de reprezentanți din 19 țări membre UE . Majoritatea participanților au vorbit despre consecințele schimbărilor climatice asupra sănătății pădurilor și despre necesitatea unor legături mai puternice între diferite grupuri de experți. Evenimentul de două zile s-a încheiat cu o excursie de teren în rezervația naturală Codrii Seculari Slătioara, inclusă în patrimoniul UNESCO.
Recenzii
Authors: Biriș Iovu-Adrian , Barbu Cătălina Oana , Teodosiu Marius
Published: October 2019

Nicolae Doniță, Stoica Preda Godeanu, Roxana Corina Sfetea: Population, Species, Biocenosis: An integrating vision. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. 2019, 109 p. ISBN-13: 978-613-9- 45530-0.
Nichiforel L., Managementul forestier cu și fără guvern, Editura Performantica Iași, 2019, 171 p. ISBN 978-606-685-635-5
Fournier R.A., Hall R.J. (eds.), 2017. Hemispherical photography in forest science: theory, methods, applications [Fotografia emisferică în științele silvice: teorie, metode, aplicații] (Vol. 28). Springer. eISSN 978-94-024-1098-3, 318 p
Ralf Th., 2017. Data Visualisation with R: 100 Examples [Vizualizarea datelor cu R: 100 de exemple]. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-49750-1, eISBN 978-3-319-49751-8, 385 p.
On what scales can GOSAT flux inversions constrain anomalies in terrestrial ecosystems?
Authors: Byrne Brendan , Jones Dylan B. A. , Strong Kimberly , Polavarapu Saroja M. , Harper Anna B. , Baker David F. , Maksyutov Shamil
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Interannual variations in temperature and precipitation impact the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems, leaving an imprint in atmospheric CO2. Quantifying the impact of climate anomalies on the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of terrestrial ecosystems can provide a constraint to evaluate terrestrial biosphere models against and may provide an emergent constraint on the response of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. We investigate the spatial scales over which interannual variability in NEE can be constrained using atmospheric CO2 observations from the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT). NEE anomalies are calculated by performing a series of inversion analyses using the GEOS-Chem adjoint model to assimilate GOSAT observations. Monthly NEE anomalies are compared to “proxies”, variables that are associated with anomalies in the terrestrial carbon cycle, and to upscaled NEE estimates from FLUXCOM. Statistically significant correlations (P<0.05) are obtained between posterior NEE anomalies and anomalies in soil temperature and FLUXCOM NEE on continental and larger scales in the tropics, as well as in the northern extratropics on subcontinental scales during the summer (R2≥0.49), suggesting that GOSAT measurements provide a constraint on NEE interannual variability (IAV) on these spatial scales. Furthermore, we show that GOSAT flux inversions are generally better correlated with the environmental proxies and FLUXCOM NEE than NEE anomalies produced by a set of terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs), suggesting that GOSAT flux inversions could be used to evaluate TBM NEE fluxes.
Methane Emissions from the Munich Oktoberfest
Authors: Chen Jia , Dietrich Florian , Maazallahi Hossein , Forstmaier Andreas , Winkler Dominik , Hofmann Magdalena E. G. , Denier van der Gon Hugo , Röckmann Thomas
Published: October 2019

Abstract. This study presents the first investigation of the methane (CH4) emissions of a big festival. In 2018 we measured the CH4 emissions of Munich Oktoberfest, the world's largest folk festival, using in-situ measurements combined with a Gaussian plume dispersion model. Oktoberfest is a potential source for CH4 as a high amount of natural gas for cooking and heating is used. Measurements were performed by walking and biking around the perimeter of the Oktoberfest premises (Theresienwiese) at different times of the day, during the week and at the weekend. The measurements show enhancements of up to 100 ppb compared to background values and measurements performed after Oktoberfest. The average emission flux of Oktoberfest is determined as 6.7 ± 0.6 μg/(m2s). Additional analyses, including the daily emission cycle and comparisons between emissions and the number of visitors, suggest that CH4 emissions of Oktoberfest are not only due to the human biogenic emissions; it is likely that fossil fuel CH4 emissions, such as incomplete combustion or loss in the gas appliances, are the major contributors to Oktoberfest emissions. Our results can help to develop CH4 reduction policies and measures to reduce emissions at festivals and other major events in cities. Furthermore, events with a limited duration have not yet been included in the state-of-the-art emission inventories, such as TNO-MACC, EDGAR or IER. Our investigations show that these emissions are not negligible. Therefore, these events should be included in future emission inventories.
Analysis of the lightning production of convective cells
Authors: Figueras i Ventura Jordi , Pineda Nicolau , Besic Nikola , Grazioli Jacopo , Hering Alessandro , van der Velde Oscar A. , Romero David , Sunjerga Antonio , Mostajabi Amirhossein , Azadifar Mohammad , Rubinstein Marcos , Montanyà Joan , Germann Urs , Rachidi Farhad
Published: October 2019

Abstract. This paper presents an analysis of the lightning production of convective cells. The cells were detected by the MeteoSwiss Thunderstorms Radar Tracking (TRT) algorithm in the course of a lightning measurement campaign that took place in the summer of 2017 in the area surrounding the Säntis mountain, in the northeastern part of Switzerland. For this campaign, and for the first time in the Alps, a lightning mapping array (LMA) was deployed. In the first part of the paper, we examine the relationship between the intra-cloud (IC) and cloud-to-ground (CG) activity and the cell severity, as derived by the TRT algorithm, of a large dataset of cells gathered during the campaign. We also propose and analyse the performance of a new metric to quantify lightning intensity, the rimed-particle column (RPC) height and base altitude. In the second part, we focus on two of the most severe cells detected during the campaign that produced significantly different outcomes in terms of lightning activity. The paper shows that the newly proposed metric (RPC) seems to be a very promising predictor of lightning activity, particularly for IC flashes. Future lightning nowcasting algorithms should be probabilistic in nature and incorporate the polarimetric properties of the convective cells as well as the lightning climatology.
The Influence of Assimilating Leaf Area Index in a Land Surface Model on Global Water Fluxes and Storages
Authors: Zhang Xinxuan , Maggioni Viviana , Rahman Azbina , Houser Paul , Xue Yuan , Sauer Timothy , Kumar Sujay , Mocko David
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Vegetation plays a fundamental role not only in the energy and carbon cycle, but also the global water balance by controlling surface evapotranspiration. Thus, accurately estimating vegetation-related variables has the potential to improve our understanding and estimation of the dynamic interactions between the water and carbon cycles. This study aims to assess to what extent a land surface model can be optimized through the assimilation of leaf area index (LAI) observations at the global scale. Two observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) are performed to evaluate the efficiency of assimilating LAI through an Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) to estimate LAI, evapotranspiration (ET), interception evaporation (CIE), canopy water storage (CWS), surface soil moisture (SSM), and terrestrial water storage (TWS). Results show that the LAI data assimilation framework effectively reduces errors in LAI simulations. LAI assimilation also improves the model estimates of all the water flux and storage variables considered in this study (ET, CIE, CWS, SSM, and TWS), even when the forcing precipitation is strongly positively biased (extremely wet condition). However, it tends to worsen some of the model estimated water-related variables (SSM and TWS) when the forcing precipitation is affected by a dry bias. This is attributed to the fact that the amount of water in the land surface model is conservative and the LAI assimilation introduces more vegetation, which requires more water than what available within the soil. Future work should investigate a multi-variate data assimilation system that concurrently merges both LAI and soil moisture (or TWS) observations.
The Impact of Performance Appraisal on Employee Performance in Banks Operating in the South of Jordan
Authors: Rahahleh Arwa Hisham , Alabaddi Zaid Ahmad , Moflih Monira Abdallah
Published: October 2019

This research was about performance appraisal and its effect on employees’ work performance. The major aim of the research was to investigate the effect of performance appraisal on employees’ work performance of banks in the South of Jordan. This study also aimed at investigating the major elements of performance appraisal which included: establishing performance standards, establishing communication standards, measuring actual performance with established standards, discussing the appraisal with employees and giving feedback. In conducting this study, the required data was collected through a closed ended structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was adopted and adapted from many related studies. The procedures used to determine the comprehensive sample from a total population of 260 employees was the following: First, the target population was identified; second, the researcher used a formula based-sample size determination. Basically, a total of 260 questionnaires were distributed to the sampled employees and 260 were returned which represented a 100% response rate. The 260 returned questionnaires were then analyzed using smart PLS which is specially used for Structural Equation Modeling, path analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. It is also known as analysis of covariance or causal modeling software. A descriptive statistics and correlation analysis was performed. The results of the study showed that performance appraisal has a mainly positive effect on employee performance in the banking sector of the South of Jordan. There correlation analysis showed that there was a positive and some negative association (Very strong association) between performance appraisal and employee performance.
Implicit Meaning of Chinese Vocabulary on Colors in Five Elements Elucidating Socio-Cultural Context
Authors: Songkhai Kritsadee
Published: October 2019

The Chinese words on colors do not only indicate types of colors, but also implicit the elucidating socio-cultural context. Colors in the Chinese language represent good and bad terms. For example, the makeup color of the Chinese opera show assigns the character wearing red makeup as a symbol of loyalty, justice, power, wealth, or high rank. Red contains most of the excellent and positive definition. On the other hand, the character wearing white means a person who is dangerous, cunning, and dishonest. These are some examples of how Chinese people use colors to represent meaning. Moreover, Chinese vocabularies are also communicated through alphabets and created to new words that hide beliefs and culture of the use of color as well.This research aims to study the “Implicit Meaning of Chinese Vocabulary on Colors in Five Elements Elucidating Socio-cultural Context.” China is a fascinating country in culture and language. Besides, Chinese is a language used by many people as the top three in the world. This research studies 5 Chinese color words, which are red, black, white, green, and yellow. The methodology is to analyze words through the example vocabularies by describing and collecting from books, journals, and articles. For an instant, Red in Chinese culture is the color of fortune. Therefore, red words are used to create new words that relate to prosperity, such as 开门红(kāi mén hóng)means opening to welcome good things or 红红火火(hóng hóng huǒ huǒ)which is a wish for prosperity and, often used for business. As a result, it can be seen that the study of Chinese color terms is not only about colors, but these words also link to beliefs and cultures over time until many new words are created. It is the use of color words mixed into new vocabulary to reflect the ideas, beliefs, and cultures. We can study Chinese culture through color vocabulary very well.
Myasthenia gravis crisis: A case report
Authors: Sykalo Christine , Adio Babajide , Birchem Sandra
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease targeting the postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors, which typically presents with fatigue symptoms relieved by rest and is often associated with a thymoma. Myasthenic crisis requires intubation and ventilation, and only 2–3% of MG patients are admitted with crisis per year. Impeding crisis may have a presentation of dyspnea, bulbar symptoms, or both together, requiring immediate attention.

Case Report: We present a seropositive patient without a thymoma, who presented multiple times with dyspnea, which led to anxiety-triggered crisis within minutes. The patient experienced the crisis within two years of being diagnosed with MG, and required intensive care unit (ICU) care for five days, including intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and steroids.

Conclusion: The importance of symptomatic assessment is crucial to avoid and treat myasthenic crisis. Approximately 13–20% of patients, who experience a myasthenic crisis, have it as their initial presentation upon diagnosis, and require ICU care and intubation.
Factores cardiovasculares y renales asociados a hipertensión arterial en pediatría
Authors: Cerna marquez Marlon Alexander , Guerrero Manueles Juan Rafael , Licona Rivera Tania Soledad
Published: October 2019

Antecedentes: El aumento de la prevalencia de Hipertensión Arterial (HTA) en Pediatría se debe a factores de riesgo (FR) relacionados con el comportamiento.Objetivo: Determinar los FR Cardiovasculares y Renales asociados a HTA en Pediatría en el Instituto Hondureño de Seguridad Social- Hospital Regional del Norte (IHSS-HRN) y Diálisis de Honduras-San Pedro Sula (SPS) en el período de enero 2017 - junio 2018.Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio de Casos y Controles en pacientes de 29 días-17 años con 364 días de edad, nefropatas y/o cardiópatas y que no sean cardiópatas o nefropatas que tengan o no HTA que acudieron a la Consulta Externa de Cardiología Pediátrica y pacientes que estuvieron hospitalizados en la Emergencia de Pediatría, Sala de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCIP), Sala de Pediatría A y B del IHSS-HRN y Diálisis de Honduras-SPS. El tamaño de la muestra fue de 148 pacientes. Se le realizó Regresión Logística Binaria (RLB) para determinar los FR. Resultados: La prevalencia de HTA en el IHSS-HRN fue de 0.24% y 2.7% en Diálisis de Honduras-SPS. Los FR identificados en el análisis de RLB fueron: mayor de 10 años, masculino, sedentarismo, consumo de alcoho y cigarrillos, antecedentes familiares de HTA y antecedentes personales de enfermedades renales. Según los resultados de Estadísticas de Wald con valor de P<0.05 indicaron que estos resultados se pueden generalizar a la población. Conclusiones: Los FR para HTA en pediatría están relacionados con el comportamiento y pueden ser prevenibles y modificables desde etapas tempranas de la infancia.
Optimal amounts of water and nitrogen applied to sugar beet when crop price depends on its sugar content
Authors: Shabani Ali , Sepaskhah Ali Reza
Published: October 2019

Aim of study: To derive mathematical formulas to determine the optimum amounts of applied water and N at variable crop prices and rainfall conditions for sugar beet.Area of study: Karaj Research Center, Alborz Province, IranMaterial and methods: At first, mathematical formulas were derived to determine optimum applied water and nitrogen for sugar beet under rainfall occurrence, land limited (in cases that arable land area is limited and the farmer can not put more land area under irrigation) and water limited conditions when crop price depends on sugar content. Second, this theory was applied to analyze the relevant experimental data. The experiment was a split-plot design with irrigation treatments as the main plots (40%, 80%, 120% and 160% of evaporation from the surface of class A evaporation pan) and N fertilizer rates (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg N/ha) as subplots.Main results: Under land and water limiting conditions, deficit irrigation of 27% and 48% led to 6.4% and 25.4% decrease in yield and 21.4% and 96.2% increase in total net income, respectively, compared with full irrigation. Under water limiting conditions, cultivated land area increased by 93.7, 108 and 128% for 0, 60 and 120 mm rainfall, respectively. Under land limiting conditions, amounts of optimum irrigation water were 12381.2, 11781.2 and 11181.2 m3/ha, for 0, 60 and 120 mm rainfalls, respectively. The corresponding values for N were 262.5 kg/ha in all three rainfall quantities. Besides, under water limiting conditions, optimum amounts of irrigation water were 8708.1, 7828.8 and 6882.1 m3/ha for 0, 60 and 120 mm rainfalls, respectively. The corresponding values for N were 301.1, 299.5 and 295.5 kg/ha, respectively. Optimum amounts of irrigation water and N decreased by increase in rainfall amount.Research highlights: Under limited irrigation water conditions, if the rainfall, residual N, water cost and base crop price increases, the value of optimum applied water should be decreased.
The prevalence and impact of oral complication in women during chemotherapy after surgery for breast cancer – A cross sectional study
Authors: Jensen Marlene , Haakonsen Sasja Jul , Pedersen Preben Ulrich
Published: October 2019

Background and aim: Mucositis is a well-known side effect to chemotherapy treatment after breast cancer surgery. The number of women who experience oral complication that is not classified as mucositis is less investigated as well as the impact of oral complication on the women’s quality of life. \textit{Aim:} To describe how many women with breast cancer report oral complications during their adjuvant chemotherapy with Ebirubicin, Cyclophosphamide and Taxotere or Taxol, to describe which oral complications the women report and the impact the oral complication has on women’s daily life and quality of life.Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. The women were invited to fill out a self-composed questionnaire at proximal 12 weeks after initiation of the treatment. The questionnaire had two scales to summarize information about oral complication and their impact on daily living was used. The questionnaire has been face- and content validated. Internal consistency was between 0.76 to 0.83.Results: All 101 women had experienced oral complications to some extent. A linear regression analysis has reviled that redness, coaching and changes of taste explained 74% of reported reduction in quality of life. There was a positive correlation between the sum of symptoms (number of symptoms and duration) and reported quality of life score r = .480 (p = .000).Conclusions: Oral complications was experienced by all women who were treated with CT after breast cancer surgery. Redness, coaching and changes of taste were significant contributors to reducing quality of life and need to be prevented during chemotherapy.
Identity Options and Cultural Representations in English Textbooks Used in Cambodia
Authors: Li Jia , Dong Juan , Duan Wei
Published: October 2019

Language textbooks play an important role in bridging learners’ understanding between the source culture and target culture. This study explores how the Cambodian and foreign characters are produced and how the source and target cultures are represented in three English language textbooks published by the Cambodian Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS). The data were collected from textbook passages, exercises and images presented in the textbooks and the data were analyzed based on the emerging themes in language and cultural representations of the textbooks. The findings indicate that regarding the distribution in the target communities, Anglophone and their postcolonial countries are prominently highlighted in the textbooks with the exception that Japan is exclusively introduced as imagined interlocutor for cultural communication; concerning the representation of the source culture, Buddhism and Khmer are constructed as legitimate forms of Cambodian practices. Based on the findings, we argue that English textbooks produced in Cambodia have not provided Cambodian youth with balanced exposure of cultural diversity. The study has implications for designing English textbooks with the consideration of diverse identity options and cultural representations.
Atenção Primária à Saúde quebrando tabus
Authors: Vieira Renata Carneiro , Teixeira Débora Silva , Borret Rita , Ornelas Denize , Sarno Murilo Moura , Junior Ademir Lopes
Published: October 2019

A produção acadêmica sobre sexualidade e diversidade apresenta lacunas importantes, e muitas das diretrizes de cuidados clínicos a populações específicas são baseadas em baixo grau de evidência científica, como ocorre com a população  de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis, Transexuais e Intersexuais (LGBTI). Dessa forma, a fundação do Grupo de Trabalho (GT) de Gênero, Sexualidade, Diversidade e Direitos, junto à Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade surge com o importante objetivo de promover estudos e debates sobre gênero e sexualidade a fim de promover direitos, diversidade e equidade na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Como uma das atividades desse GT foi idealizado e construído o I Seminário Sexualidade e Diversidade, com o tema “Atenção Primária à Saúde Quebrando Tabus”, que aconteceu em São Paulo, entre os dias 20 e 22 de abril de 2018. O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar como se deu a construção do evento, descrevendo os espaços realizados e as impressões dos participantes sobre o seminário. A programação foi elaborada a partir da demanda dos fóruns do GT (grupos de e-mail, Facebook e WhatsApp), sendo proposto quatro eixos para as atividades: 1- Pesquisa/produção acadêmica, 2- Assistência/temas clínicos, 3- Educação médica e 4- Representatividade e políticas públicas. Ao todo, foram realizadas 6 mesas redondas, 6 oficinas, 3 performances artísticas e 1 exposição cultural, contando com a participação de 202 pessoas, de 11 estados. O GT atingiu seu objetivo com esse seminário de produzir conhecimento e discutir sobre sexualidade e gênero, com foco na Atenção Primária, com médicos de família e comunidade, profissionais e estudantes da saúde. Considerando que a procura pelo Seminário foi maior que a esperada e que a discussão dos temas não se encerram em um evento, a intenção é de que o Seminário se torne parte da agenda regular da SBMFC.
Characteristics of sawdust, wood shavings and their mixture from different pine species as bedding materials for Hanwoo cattle
Authors: Ahn Gyu Chul , Jang Sun Sik , Lee Kang Yeon , Baek Youl Chang , Oh Young Kyoon , Park Keun Kyu
Published: October 2019

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical properties and changes in moisture concentrations of bedding materials under the conditions of rearing Korean Hanwoo cows.Methods: Two experiments were conducted to investigate the physicochemical characteristics (Exp. I) and usefulness as beddings for rearing cattle (Exp. II) by the type of beddings such as sawdust (SD), wood shavings (WS) and sawdust+wood shavings (S+W; 1:1 in volume), and the species of pine trees from different countries of origins (China, Pinus armandii, AR; Vietnam, Pinus kesiya, KE; USA, Pinus rigida, RI).Results: In Exp. I, SD-AR showed the largest proportion (78.3%) of fine particles (250 μm+ below 250 μm) and the highest bulk density (208 kg/m3) among treatments (p<0.05). The water absorption capacity at 24 h of both S+W-RI (713%) and -KE (701%) was the highest among treatments (p<0.05) and higher than those of SD or WS alone within each species of pine tree (p<0.05). Moisture evaporation rates (%) at 12 h were ranged from 52.3 to 60.8 for SD, 69.9 to 74.4 for WS, and 72.3 to 73.5 for S+W. Total amounts (mg/m2) of ammonia emissions were the lowest (p<0.05) in KE species among the pine species within each type of bedding material, having higher ability of ammonia absorption. In Exp II, KE species in both side A and B had lower moisture concentrations (%) than other species. Regardless of types of beddings except SD-AR, moisture concentrations of beddings within a pen were higher (p<0.01) at side A than B.Conclusion: The KE species has better physical characteristics than other beddings and more useful for rearing Hanwoo cattle than other beddings, probably caused by the differences in the method and degree of wood processing rather than the species.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Different Temperature and Deformation Speeds on Mechanical Properties and Springback behaviour in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy
Authors: Kilic Suleyman
Published: October 2019

Thanks to their low density and high strength, the 7XXX series aluminum alloys are widely used as a support/beam parts in the aerospace industry. This alloy is target in the lightening studies of the automotive industry and surveys for sheet metal are still in progress. It is a series of alloys that can be applied to the aging process and has the most effect on mechanical properties. As formability is quite weak, methods are investigated. In this study, tensile test, bending test and Erichsen tests are performed at different deformation rates and temperatures. As a result of the experiments, it has been seen that the formability increases at high temperature and low deformation rates. If paint baking time is long, there will be no loss of strength. Also, the bending process is modeled with the help of the finite element analysis programs and the springback estimations are examined. It is seen that the results of the modeling process are quite successful. The effect of the strain rate sensitivity is determined.
Optimization with Taguchi Method of Influences on Surface Roughness of Cutting Parameters in CNC Turning Processing
Authors: özdemir Mustafa
Published: October 2019

In this study, the effect of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut on surface roughness was experimentally examined in the processing of AISI 409 (ferritic chromium stainless steel) material. As cutting parameters, three cutting speeds (200, 300, and 400 m/min), three feed rates (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mm/rev), and three depths of cut (1, 2 and 3 mm) were selected. Turning tests in CNC machine were made according to Taguchi L27 orthogonal array and the signal/noise (S/N) ratios were used in the evaluation of the experimental results. By using Taguchi method, cutting parameters giving the optimum surface roughness (Ra and Rz) values were determined. The effect of control factors on the results was found with the help of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). According to ANOVA results, the most important parameters affecting the surface roughness were determined as feed rate, depth of cut, and cutting speed, respectively. By conducting validation tests, the optimization was observed to be applied successfully.
Nature and Modernity
Authors: Blum Christopher O. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2019

A conspicuous feature of modernity has been the rejection of nature as an authoritative ground of intelligibility and value, a position once defended by nearly all Catholic philosophers. Since Fr. Ernan McMullin’s 1969 article, “Philosophies of Nature,” however, the philosophy of nature has been eclipsed by the philosophy of science in mainstream Catholic philosophy. After examining McMullin’s reasons for setting aside the philosophy of nature and Thomas Nagel’s recent re-affirmation of the possibility of a philosophical reflection upon nature prior to the claims of empirical science, this article responds to McMullin’s critique and defends the viability of an Aristotelian understanding of nature today.
The Impact of Team Teaching on Student Attitudes and Classroom Performance in Introductory Philosophy Courses
Authors: Kostko Aaron ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2019

Despite the growing interest in collaborative teaching in higher education, there is a paucity of research on its use and effectiveness in phi­losophy curricula. The research that does exist focuses almost exclusively on interdisciplinary collaboration or student and faculty attitudes regarding the practice. This paper aims to address these gaps by describing a semester long, multi-section study designed to assess the impact of team teaching on student classroom performance and related variables in an Introduction to Philosophy course. The results of the study show that students overwhelm­ingly prefer team teaching to individual instruction and think that it positively impacts their learning and classroom experience. However, the results also show that there is no statistically significant relationship between delivery method and students’ classroom performance. The paper concludes with a discussion of some limitations with the research design and the potential benefits and challenges of implementing team teaching within introductory philosophy courses.
Could low atmospheric pressure stunning (LAPS) be suitable for pig slaughter? A review of available information
Authors: Bouwsema JA , Lines JA
Published: October 2019

Low atmospheric pressure stunning (LAPS) is a slaughter technique which may be less stressful for pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) than current commercial stunning and slaughter methods. The main methods used currently for slaughtering pigs are electric and carbon dioxide stunning, both of which are widely recognised as stressful for pigs. There is currently no published research on the use of LAPS for stunning adult pigs, however there is a significant body of relevant experience from investigations into the effects of low pressure and hypoxia on humans, hypoxia for killing pigs and the use of LAPS for killing poultry, rats and piglets. In this paper, the basic physics and biology of LAPS is briefly reviewed and relevant experience from research with humans, poultry, rats and piglets is presented. On the basis of this information, some initial parameters for LAPS trials with pigs are proposed, potential welfare issues identified and an approach to achieving LAPS at a commercially viable speed is outlined. While the effects of LAPS on pigs is, at present, uncertain, the evidence from research with humans and other animals suggests that healthy, fasted pigs undergoing LAPS are unlikely to suffer from air hunger or from pain. Any pigs suffering from upper respiratory tract disease, tooth decay or excess gas in the alimentary canal may, however, experience pain. A total killing cycle is likely to require 9 to 14 min. To implement LAPS in a commercial, high throughput processing plant will require the use of multiple decompression cylinders. The evidence available suggests that LAPS could be commercially viable for pig slaughter and that for most pigs it will be less stressful than current commercial slaughter methods.
Long-term hyperalgesia and traumatic neuroma formation in tail-docked lambs
Authors: Larrondo C , Bustamante H , Paredes E , Gallo C
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to determine if tail-docking induces long-term hyperalgesia, chronic pain and histopathological changes in tail stumps of tail-docked lambs. Fifty male lambs of 45 days of age were randomly allocated in two groups. One group of 25 lambs was tail-docked using a hot cautery iron and a second group of 25 lambs was subjected only to handling as a control group (undocked lambs). Prior to tail-docking and at intervals of 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after the procedure, infra-red thermography (IT) and mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNTs) tests were carried out in both lambs’ tails/stumps, and animals were weighed. In addition, the visual degree of inflammation of tail stumps was evaluated. Finally, animals were slaughtered in a commercial slaughterhouse and tail sections of ten lambs from each group were examined histopathologically. Tail-docking was associated with an inflammatory process according to IT and visual observation in tail stumps at 15 and 30 days post-docking. Tail-docked lambs had lower MNTs than undocked lambs at all evaluated times after tail-docking, indicating the presence of long-term hyperalgesia. Also, traumatic neuroma formation was found in tail stumps of 2/10 tail-docked lambs, and 6/10 presented neuromatous tissue development. It is concluded that tail-docking induces acute and chronic pain in lambs, initially through inflammation, and then via long-term hyperalgesia and traumatic neuroma formation. These long-term findings would have negative implications for the animal welfare of tail-docked lambs.
Use of meloxicam, buprenorphine, and Maxilene® to assess a multimodal
approach for piglet pain management, part 1: surgical castration
Authors: Viscardi AV , Turner PV
Published: October 2019

Surgical castration of piglets is a routine procedure on commercial pig
farms, to prevent boar taint and reduce aggression. This procedure is known
to cause pain, yet piglets are often not provided appropriate analgesia for
relief. The objective of this study was to assess a multimodal approach to
managing post-castration pain in piglets, using 0.4 mg
kg-1 meloxicam (MEL), 0.04 mg
kg-1 buprenorphine (BUP), and
Maxilene® (MAX). Efficacy was evaluated using
behavioural indicators, vocalisation, and facial grimace analysis. Male
piglets were randomly assigned to one of ten possible treatments (n = 15
piglets per treatment group): MEL + BUP + MAX (castrated or uncastrated);
MEL + BUP (castrated or uncastrated); BUP + MAX (castrated or uncastrated);
MEL + MAX (castrated or uncastrated); saline (castrated control); or sham
(uncastrated control). Castrated piglets in the MEL + BUP + MAX, MEL + BUP,
and BUP + MAX treatment groups displayed significantly fewer pain behaviours
than piglets administered saline. MEL + MAX was insufficient in reducing
surgical castration pain behaviours. At 24 h post-procedure, saline and MEL
+ MAX-castrated piglets displayed significantly more pain behaviours than
all other treatment groups and time-points. Facial grimace analysis
indicated that MEL + MAX-castrated piglets had significantly higher grimace
scores than MEL + BUP (castrated and uncastrated) and BUP + MAX-uncastrated.
There were no significant differences in emitted vocalisations between the
analgesia-treated and saline-castrated piglets. All treatment groups with
buprenorphine were effective in alleviating castration-associated pain
behaviours, suggesting that opioid administration is beneficial for managing
piglet castration pain.
Use of meloxicam, buprenorphine, and Maxilene® to assess a
multimodal approach for piglet pain management, part 2: tail-docking
Authors: Viscardi AV , Turner PV
Published: October 2019

Piglets on commercial pig farms are often tail-docked to reduce the
incidence of tail-biting. While this is a painful procedure, piglets are
often not provided analgesia or anaesthesia for pain relief. The objectives
of this study were to assess a multimodal approach to managing tail-docking
pain in piglets, using 0.4 mg kg-1 meloxicam (MEL),
0.04 mg kg-1 buprenorphine (BUP), and
Maxilene® (MAX), a topical anaesthetic. The
effectiveness of each drug and drug combination was evaluated using
behavioural indicators, vocalisation, and facial grimace analysis. This
study also assessed whether male and female piglets responded differently to
pain or pain treatments. Piglets were randomly assigned to one of six
possible treatments: MEL, BUP, MEL + BUP, MEL + BUP + MAX, no treatment
(tail-docked control), or sham (non-tail-docked control). Vocalisations were
recorded at initial handling, injection, and tail-docking. Piglets
administered MEL + BUP and BUP demonstrated significantly fewer pain
behaviours than piglets in the MEL and no treatment group. MEL + BUP + MAX
and BUP piglets displayed significantly lower facial grimace scores than
piglets in the no treatment group. There were no significant differences in
emitted vocalisations between the analgesia-treated piglets and the no
treatment group and both injection and tail-docking elicited piglet
vocalisations of similar frequency, power, and energy. There were no
significant differences in behaviour, facial grimacing or emitted
vocalisations between male and female piglets. All treatment groups with
buprenorphine were able to alleviate tail-docking-associated pain,
suggesting that opioid administration is highly effective for managing
piglet pain.