bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan UMKM dan Pemanfaatan Limbah Sampah Sebagai Industri Kreatif Melalui Kuliah Kerja Nyata di Kelurahan Bagelen
Authors: Sarwoto Sarwoto , Nursaimatussadiya Nursaimatussadiya , Fitrianingsih Fitrianingsih , Jayanti Suci Etri
Published: July 2024

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are community associations that work and carry out entrepreneurial activities that are closely related to the economic sector. Through MSMEs, it becomes easier for people to collaborate between one community and another. One of the subdistricts that really supports the development of MSMEs is Bagelen Subdistrict. The large number of local MSME actors in the culinary sector is considered to have greatly advanced the village economy. But on the other hand, almost every day these MSMEs produce various kinds of waste left over from merchandise production. This problem can be handled by processing waste into creative crafts that have selling value. The aim of the service program is to increase the economic value of waste into additional income for MSMEs. The methods used are socialization, training and marketing assistance. The program results show that MSME waste can be processed into economical knick-knacks in Bagelen Village. These results have implications for increasing the income of MSMEs in Bagelen Village.
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Bengkel Honda Sei Rampah
Authors: Minarti Nining , Manik Sri Winda Hardiyanti , Pardede Imelda Marthauli
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out how work motivation influences the performance of Honda Workshop employees and to find out how work motivation influences the performance of Honda Workshop employees with job satisfaction as an intervening variable. The population in this study were Sei Rampah Honda Workshop employees who used the census method. Because the total population was less than 100, the sample in this study was 45 people. Data collection techniques using literature and questionnaires. The method used is multiple linear regression and path analysis with the help of SPSS 17.00 software. The results showed that the first hypothesis was accepted, meaning that the Work Motivation Variable (X) had a significant effect on the Job Satisfaction variable (Z). The second hypothesis is accepted, meaning that the Work Motivation Variable (X) has a significant effect on employee performance variables (Y). The third hypothesis is accepted, meaning that the job satisfaction variable (Z) has a significant effect on employee performance variable (Y).
Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Transaksi Bitcoin Dalam Perspektif Ulama Fiqh Klasik Dan Kontemporer
Authors: Muhammad Masruron
Published: July 2024

Bitcoin adalah sistem pembayaran online dari uang elektronik peer-to-peer (P2P) yang dikirim langsung dari satu pihak ke pihak lain tanpa melalui lembaga keuangan. Keberadaan bitcoin sebagai mata uang virtual dianggap legal, atau diperbolehkan dengan syarat, yaitu jika diakui oleh negara. Pasalnya, hak dan kewajiban mengurus iqtishadiyah termasuk penerbitan mata uang baru menjadi kewenangan negara. Dalam hal ini bitcoin tidak dikeluarkan oleh negara dan tidak diakui oleh Bank Indonesia, sehingga bitcoin merupakan mata uang yang dianggap tidak legal di Indonesia. Konsep bitcoin menurut ulama klasik dan ulama kontemporer meliputi: a. Bitcoin dalam hal fungsi; pada dasarnya sama dan tidak ada perbedaan. b. sisi legalitas; Bitcoin adalah mata uang ilegal di Indonesia. c. sisi kelemahan; bitcoin dapat digunakan sebagai alat pencucian uang. bitcoin adalah mata uang digital yang dapat digunakan oleh negara maju. Dia sangat berpengaruh dalam lalu lintas ekonomi modern. Hukum penggunaan bitcoin sebagai mata uang atau transaksi bisnis adalah haram li ghairihi, karena pelarangannya disebabkan oleh hal lain, bukan substansi bitcoin itu sendiri. Dan juga karena sifatnya yang tidak pasti yang memungkinkannya menimbulkan kerugian dan merugikan banyak orang Kata  kunci : bitcoin, haram li ghairihi,legalitasmoney laundryingdan ekonomicNegara
Hubungan antara Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan Kejadian Stunting di Desa Tasikmadu Kota Malang
Authors: Putri Oky Arnanda Antonia , Suryawan Ahmad , Ningrum Astika Gita , Sulistiawati S
Published: July 2024

Stunting adalah balita yang memiliki nilai z-score untuk panjang atau tinggi badan kurang dari -2 SD/standar deviasi (stunted) dan kurang dari –3 SD (stunted berat) (Kementerian Kesehatan, 2018). Berdasarkan tinjauan pustaka dan penelitian terdahulu, kejadian stunting pada balita dapat disebabkan oleh pemberian ASI yang tidak eksklusif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting. Metode penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Koefisien Kontingensi C. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling dan didasarkan pada kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data penelitian yang diambil adalah data sekunder yang meliputi hasil pemeriksaan PB (panjang badan) atau TB (tinggi badan) balita bulan Maret 2023 dan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada buku SIP 3 (Sistem Informasi Posyandu). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 43 responden, 8 balita diberi ASI Eksklusif (18,6%) dan 11 balita stunting (25,6%). Berdasarkan hasil uji Koefisien Kontingensi C diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,967 (>0,05) artinya tidak ada hubungan antara pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting di Desa Tasikmadu. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian ASI eksklusif bukanlah faktor utama penyebab balita mengalami stunting, namun ada faktor penyebab lain yang lebih besar pengaruhnya, seperti faktor ibu, lingkungan keluarga termasuk sanitasi, makanan yang tidak memadai dan infeksi.
Pengaruh Pemberian Informasi terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Swamedikasi Diare kepada Warga Desa Nguter RT 01 RW 07
Authors: SM Ahmad Fatih Amin , Indrasari Tika , Rejeki Sri , Parmadi Anom
Published: July 2024

Salah satu penyakit yang sering dijumpai pada masyarakat adalah diare. Penyebab utama diare adalah makanan dan minuman yang tercemar yang diakibatkan karena  kebersihan yang buruk. Diare termasuk penyakit yang  berbahaya karena dapat menyebabkan  kematian dan kejadian luar biasa (KLB). Kematian pada penderita diare disebabkan karena dehidrasi yaitu tubuh kehilangan cairan dan garam elektrolit. Diare atau gastroenteritis merupakan masalah bagi masyarakat di Indonesia, penyakit ini ditandai dengan bertambahnya frekuensi defekasi lebih dari biasanya lebih dari 3 kali/hari disertai perubahan konsisten feces (menjadi cair) dengan atau tanpa darah atau lendir. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian informasi terhadap tingkat pengetahuan warga tentang swamedikasi diare di Desa Nguter Kecamatan Nguter Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kuantitatif analitik observasional dimana pendekatan yang digunakan pada desain penelitian ini adalah "pre eksperimental design". Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan warga Desa Nguter melalui proses pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kognitif warga Desa Nguter melalui pendekatan pembelajaran dengan pemberian leaflet. Hasil penelitian ini didapati nilai signifikasi berjumlah nilai (p) = 0,000 < 0,05. Pemberian informasi berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat pengetahuan swamedikasi diare pada warga Desa Nguter RT 01 RW07.
Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Hair Tonic Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pare (Momordica charantia L.)
Authors: Puspitasari Adellia , Sulistyawati Rini
Published: July 2024

Daun pare (Momordica charantia L.)  memiliki kandungan flavonoid,saponin, alkaloid, polifenol, momordicin, glikosida cucurbitacin dan charantin yang berkhasiat dalam pengobatan. Ekstrak daun pare konsentrasi 10% mampu menyuburkan rambut kelinci. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan formulasi terbaik sediaan hair tonic ekstrak daun pare dan uji stabilitas fisik. Formulasi hair tonic dibuat dengan ekstrak etanol daun pare bobot 3, 6 dan 9 gram dengan penambahan VCO serta bahan tambahan meliputi etanol 96%, menthol, nipagin, nipasol, propilenglikol, tween 80 dan akuadest. Pengujian stabilitas fisik meliputi uji organoleptis, homogenitas, uji pH, dan viskositas. Pengujian dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah cycling test pada suhu 40  selama 24  jam dilanjutkan suhu 4  selama 24 selama 12 hari. Hasil pengamatan organoleptis untuk ke-3 formula (FI, FII, FIII) berturut-turut warna sedikit hijau, hijau dan hijau pekat. Uji homogenitas ke - 3 formula menunjukkan hasil homogen, uji pH ke-3 formula memiliki nilai pH 6, 6 dan 7. Hasil uji viskositas diperoleh nilai 12,5 cP, 11 cP dan 11,50 cP. Formula II memberikan hasil formula terbaik dengan karakteristik fisik warna hijau, bau khas, bersifat homogen, pH 6 dan nilai viskositas 11 cP.
Multimodal teaching and learning challenges: Perspectives of undergraduate learner nurses at a higher education institution in South Africa
Authors: Manamela L E , Sumbane G O , Mutshatshi T E , Ngoatle C , Rasweswe M M M
Published: July 2024

Background. Multimodal or online learning is the use of electronic technology to deliver, support and enhance both learning and teaching. It involves communication between learner nurses and lecturers using online content. The study aims to contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 on quality education by promoting inclusive education at tertiary institutions. The use of multimodal teaching and learning (MTL) in higher education institutions (HEI) has increased over the last decade, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Objectives. To explore and describe the perspectives of the undergraduate learner nurses regarding MTL challenges at the HEI, Limpopo Province, South Africa.
Methods. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was used to explore and describe the perspectives of the undergraduate nurses at a HEI in Limpopo Province, South Africa. A non‐probability purposive sampling method was employed to select participants. Data were collected through five focus group interviews (FGI) and analysed using Tesch’s open coding data analysis method. Measures to ensure trustworthiness and ethical considerations were adhered to throughout the study.
Results. Study findings revealed the perspectives of the undergraduate nurses during MTL. The challenges related to connectivity issues, technological difficulties during online teaching, learning and assessment as well as the unapproved platforms used by module facilitators for online teaching.
Conclusion. Undergraduate learner nurses expressed their perspectives regarding the challenges they experience when using MTL. Our study findings could influence educational institutions and policymakers to improve the quality of online teaching, learning and assessment by embracing innovative instructional techniques and providing teachers with ongoing training.
Perceptions of Allied Health Students about lecture and peer‐assisted learning
Authors: Oppong E D , Kwakye S K , Kumi R , Quartey J
Published: July 2024

Background. Students’ perceptions of the educational methodology are valuable for improving the quality of the educational environment. However, there is limited literature on students’ perceptions of lectures and peer-assisted learning (PAL) within the School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences.
Objectives. To determine the perceptions of allied health students across different study levels regarding the effectiveness of lectures and PAL as educational strategies.
Methods. This cross-sectional study involved 213 Allied Health students from levels 200 to 400 at the University of Ghana. Data were collected using an adopted perceptions questionnaire. Perceptions of lectures and PAL were analysed using means and mean percentages. A one-way ANOVA test was performed to compare differences in perceptions among students at various study levels, while the independent sample t-test was used to compare differences in perceptions between male and female students.
Results. PAL had the highest mean scores, with a global rating of 4.1 (standard deviation (SD) 0.8) compared with 3.5 (SD 0.8) for lectures (p<0.00). There were no differences in perceptions about lectures and PAL among levels 200 to 400 students. Female students had a more positive perception of PAL, while both male and female students had the same positive perceptions about lectures.
Conclusions. Students generally had positive perceptions about lectures and PAL; however, PAL was acknowledged as an alternative that provides students with active educational experiences. PAL may be incorporated into the standard curriculum alongside lectures.
Development of a framework for community health workers to contribute to interprofessional learning teams
Authors: Joubert A , Reid M
Published: July 2024

Background. Community health workers’ knowledge, skills and training seem to affect their contribution to 4th-year health sciences student teams who are following an interprofessional learning programme aimed at improving two South African rural communities’ health outcomes related to diabetes.
Objective. To develop a framework for community health workers to contribute to interprofessional learning teams.
Methods. The framework development forms part of previous phases of a multi-method study. The theory of change logic model guided the development of the draft framework, informed by data from two ecogram sessions, five nominal group technique discussions and a scoping review. The final framework was validated by experts during a workshop using forward and backward mapping.
Results. The framework addresses the need for community health workers to gain knowledge, skills and training related to diabetes to effectively contribute to interprofessional learning teams. The theory of change process identified community needs and assets, desired results, influential factors, evidence-based strategies and assumptions required to address the problem.
Conclusion. The framework focuses on a problem within specific interprofessional learning teams. Collaboration with stakeholders contributed to a rigorous research process, and the validation, refinement and future implementation of the framework. The framework eventually led to the development of an evidence-based training programme comprising knowledge, skills and training strategies related to diabetes. It is predicted that once community health workers have completed this training programme, they will be able to contribute effectively to the interprofessional learning teams.
In search of the future of penology. Can we escape from the fatalistic vision of criminal law?
Authors: Zalewski Wojciech
Published: July 2024

Penology, like the criminal law to which it essentially refers, is seen as a science in crisis. This crisis is related to the unclear conceptual and problematic scope to which it is intended to refer. In this text, the author presents a proposal for the broadest deployment of penology and juxtaposes it with contrology, a science that also includes methods of influence and control over human behaviour other than criminal. The author notes that it is impossible to predict the development of penology without reference to three factors that determine the development of almost all modern fields of knowledge: technological progress, medicalisation and economisation. It seems a sad anachronism to think about punishment as the basic response to crime in future. Instead, we should be aiming to develop methods to help people avoid situations in which their behaviour must be corrected through suffering.
Speech-induced suppression and vocal feedback sensitivity in human cortex
Authors: Ozker Muge , Yu Leyao , Dugan Patricia , Doyle Werner , Friedman Daniel , Devinsky Orrin , Flinker Adeen
Published: July 2024

Across the animal kingdom, neural responses in the auditory cortex are suppressed during vocalization, and humans are no exception. A common hypothesis is that suppression increases sensitivity to auditory feedback, enabling the detection of vocalization errors. This hypothesis has been previously confirmed in non-human primates, however a direct link between auditory suppression and sensitivity in human speech monitoring remains elusive. To address this issue, we obtained intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings from 35 neurosurgical participants during speech production. We first characterized the detailed topography of auditory suppression, which varied across superior temporal gyrus (STG). Next, we performed a delayed auditory feedback (DAF) task to determine whether the suppressed sites were also sensitive to auditory feedback alterations. Indeed, overlapping sites showed enhanced responses to feedback, indicating sensitivity. Importantly, there was a strong correlation between the degree of auditory suppression and feedback sensitivity, suggesting suppression might be a key mechanism that underlies speech monitoring. Further, we found that when participants produced speech with simultaneous auditory feedback, posterior STG was selectively activated if participants were engaged in a DAF paradigm, suggesting that increased attentional load can modulate auditory feedback sensitivity.
An enhanced algorithm for semantic-based feature reduction in spam filtering
Authors: Novo-Lourés María , Pavón Reyes , Laza Rosalía , Méndez José R. , Ruano-Ordás David
Published: July 2024

With the advent and improvement of ontological dictionaries (WordNet, Babelnet), the use of synsets-based text representations is gaining popularity in classification tasks. More recently, ontological dictionaries were used for reducing dimensionality in this kind of representation (e.g., Semantic Dimensionality Reduction System (SDRS) (Vélez de Mendizabal et al., 2020)). These approaches are based on the combination of semantically related columns by taking advantage of semantic information extracted from ontological dictionaries. Their main advantage is that they not only eliminate features but can also combine them, minimizing (low-loss) or avoiding (lossless) the loss of information. The most recent (and accurate) techniques included in this group are based on using evolutionary algorithms to find how many features can be grouped to reduce false positive (FP) and false negative (FN) errors obtained. The main limitation of these evolutionary-based schemes is the computational requirements derived from the use of optimization algorithms. The contribution of this study is a new lossless feature reduction scheme exploiting information from ontological dictionaries, which achieves slightly better accuracy (specially in FP errors) than optimization-based approaches but using far fewer computational resources. Instead of using computationally expensive evolutionary algorithms, our proposal determines whether two columns (synsets) can be combined by observing whether the instances included in a dataset (e.g., training dataset) containing these synsets are mostly of the same class. The study includes experiments using three datasets and a detailed comparison with two previous optimization-based approaches.
Life history strategy of Tubastraea spp. corals in an upwelling area on the Southwest Atlantic: growth, fecundity, settlement, and recruitment
Authors: Bastos Nathália , Poubel Tunala Layla , Coutinho Ricardo
Published: July 2024

Over the past few decades, corals of the genus Tubastraea have spread globally, revealing themselves to be organisms of great invasive capacity. Their constant expansion on the Brazilian coast highlights the need for studies to monitor the invasion process. The growth, fecundity, settlement, and data on the coverage area of three co-occurring Tubastraea species in the 2015–2016 period were related to temperature variation and light irradiance on the rocky shores of Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro. Hence, this study sought to understand and compare the current invasion scenario and characteristics of the life history strategy of sun coral species based on environmental variables, considering the uniqueness of this upwelling area in the southwestern Atlantic. For that, we evaluate the fecundity, settlement, and growth rates of corals by carrying out comparative studies between species over time and correlating them with the variables temperature and irradiance, according to seasonality. Field growth of colonies was measured every two months during a sample year. Monthly collections were performed to count reproductive oocytes to assess fecundity. Also, quadrats were scrapped from an area near a large patch of sun coral to count newly attached coral larvae and used years later to assess diversity and percentage coverage. Results showed that corals presented greater growth during periods of high thermal amplitude and in months with below-average temperatures. Only Tubastraea sp. had greater growth and polyp increase in areas with higher light incidence, showing a greater increase in total area compared to all the other species analyzed. Despite the observed affinity with high temperatures, settlement rates were also higher during the same periods. Months with low thermal amplitude and higher temperature averages presented high fecundity. While higher water temperature averages showed an affinity with greater coral reproductive activity, growth has been shown to be inversely proportional to reproduction. Our study recorded the most significant coral growth for the region, an increase in niche, high annual reproductive activity, and large area coverage, showing the ongoing adaptation of the invasion process in the region. However, lower temperatures in the region affect these corals’ reproductive activity and growth, slowing down the process of introduction into the region. To better understand the advantages of these invasion strategies in the environment, we must understand the relationships between them and the local community that may be acting to slow down this colonization process.
The Contrapuntal Melophrasis of Bob Marley’s “Buffalo Soldier” in Derek Walcott's Omeros
Authors: Noël-Ferdinand Malik
Published: July 2024

In his long verse poem Omeros, Derek Walcott sets the reception of Bob Marley’s “Buffalo Soldier” on a Caribbean shore. The fisherman Achille washes his canoe while he remembers the song, before seeing himself acting in a western-like phantasmagorical movie where he kills palm-tree Indians with his Winchester oar. At the end of the nineteenth century, the historic Buffalo Soldiers participated in the US Frontier Wars, and in the colonial occupations of Cuba and Puerto-Rico. I posit that Achille’s reenacting of the song constitutes a melophrasis, the verbal representation of music (Edgcombe; Vilmar), which complements the lyrics by revealing its counterpart colonial narrative. Moreover, the melophrasis works in two ways: it reshapes our understandings of Marley’s music and it sharpens the reception of Omeros’s aesthetics. Thus, we read the poem contrapuntally (Saïd), epitomizing Marley’s and Walcott’s common quarrel with history. This contrapuntal melophrasis also depicts how Omeros’s poetics reverberates Walcott’s appropriation of reggae aesthetics (Dawes). Stemming from an analysis of “No Woman, No Cry,” the aural use of caesuras exposes Walcott’s admiration for Marley’s sophisticated and popular achievement.
La voz diaspórica: encuentro y pertenencia en la performance de “Puerto Rican Obituary” de Pedro Pietri
Authors: Staig James
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo aborda cuatro entregas del poema “Puerto Rican Obituary” del poeta puertorriqueño Pedro Pietri como muestras de la producción sonora en diáspora. Analiza cómo estas entregas sonoras se nutren de una experiencia diaspórica para formar nuevos espacios de pertenencia. Analiza así de qué forma las entregas de Pietri se marcan dentro de lo que el crítico y poeta puertorriqueño Urayoán Noel denomina encounterpolitics y cómo en cada una de las diferentes entregas podemos ver características específicas que nos ayudan a evidenciar la necesidad de una política y poética del encuentro entre voces y tradiciones. Pongo especial énfasis en la idea de la palabra y la entrega sonora, como el mecanismo mediante el cual se pueden lograr esos espacios de encuentro.
Terapia de resincronización cardíaca. Evolución a largo plazo de los pacientes respondedores y no respondedores
Authors: Santillán María E. , Galizio Néstor O. , Amrein María E. , Favaloro Liliana E. , Renedo María F. , Carnero Guillermo A. , Mysuta Mauricio , González José L.
Published: July 2024

Introducción: La terapia de resincronización cardíaca (TRC) es un tratamiento eficaz en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC), baja fracción del eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) y QRS ancho. Sin embargo, hay un porcentaje de estos que son no respondedores, lo que implicaría peores resultados clínicos. Objetivos: Valorar las diferencias en parámetros ecocardiográficos de remodelado reverso y tasa de eventos [hospitalización por insuficiencia cardíaca (HIC), muerte de todas las causas (MT), trasplante cardíaco (TXC) y terapias apropiadas (TA)] entre pacientes respondedores vs. no respondedores a la TRC. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 343 pacientes con TRC. Se los clasifico en respondedores y no respondedores según parámetros clínicos y ecocardiográficos. Se realizó seguimiento a 2 años, en que se evaluó el remodelado reverso y la incidencia de HIC, MT, TXC y TA. Resultados: De los 343 pacientes, 17 % fueron no respondedores y 83 % respondedores. A los 6 meses y 12 meses no hubo diferencias significativas en cuando a diámetros ventriculares, pero si en la FEVI (p <0,001), que aumentó más en los respondedores. A los 24 meses los respondedores presentaron menor diámetro diastólico (p = 0,004), menor diámetro sistólico (p = 0,003) y mayor FEVI (p<0,001) Los no respondedores tuvieron significativamente mayor incidencia de HIC (p< 0,001), TXC (p = 0,001) y TA (p = 0,002) y un exceso de MT en el límite de la significación estadística (p= 0,056). Conclusiones: Los pacientes respondedores a la TRC presentaron mayor remodelado reverso y mejor evolución clínica, en forma acorde a los resultados de estudios observacionales internacionales.
Phytochemical Analyses and Antibacterial Activities of Jatropha tanjorensis J. L. Ellis and Saroja Leaves Extract against Clinical Pathogens
Authors: Komolafe Cynthia Jesutomisin , Adetoyinbo Ifeoma Irene , Alao Felix Oluwasegun , Ogunsola Justina Folasayo
Published: July 2024

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical and antimicrobial characteristics of leaf extracts from Jatropha tanjorensis plant against some selected clinical pathogens. Study Design:  Experimental Study design (Quantitative).
Place and Duration of Study: Sample: The bacteria were obtained from the stock culture of the Microbiology laboratory at LUTH, Idi-Araba, Lagos State and Department of Biological Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State.
Methods: Fresh Jatropha tanjorensis leaves were obtained, identified, and then finely ground after being dried at room temperature. To obtain the extracts, two hundred grams (200g) of the leaves were macerated in one thousand milliliters (1000ml) of solvent.  Phytochemical analyses were done on the extract utilizing suitable standard protocols. Using the agar well diffusion method, the leaf extracts' antibiotic sensitivity was assessed against selected bacteria, including Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Enterococcus faecalis FELAO97, Escherichia coli, Bacillus aureus ATCC 25923, and Bacillus aureus ATCC 25923.
Results: The qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed that while phlobatannins were absent from all extracts, other compounds found included saponin, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, reducing sugars, terpenoids, steroids, and tannins. According to the quantitative phytochemical analysis, reducing sugars from methanolic extract had the lowest concentration (20.39 mg/100g) and flavonoids from hot water extract had the highest concentration (98.55 mg/100g). With a zone of inhibition of 19.83 mm against S. aureus, the cold-water extract exhibited the highest inhibitory effect, while the methanolic extract displayed the lowest zone of inhibition, 13.17 mm, against B. subtilis. When compared to other isolates, B. subtilis had the lowest MIC value of 10.24 mg/ml and other isolates had the highest MIC value of 20.48 mg/ml. A GC-MS analysis identified fifty-seven (57) bioactive compounds with 1, 2, 3-Benzenetriol having the highest percentage of 66.38%.
Conclusion: This study suggests that Jatropha tanjorensis may be a potential antibacterial drug, but more thorough study and collaboration are still necessary.
Risk Reduction Functions at Oil and Gas Facilities in the Niger-Delta Region, Nigeria
Authors: Abia Daniel Udo , Nwaogazie Ify L. , Chinemerem Patrick
Published: July 2024

This paper presents an investigation into the state of risk reduction functions, specifically focusing on safety barriers, within the oil and gas facilities in Niger-Delta region, Nigeria. With the industry's inherent hazards, including extraction, processing, and transportation risks, the investigation assessed the implementation of technical, operational, and organizational barriers. The methodology used involves a cross-sectional research design utilizing surveys and questionnaires validated by industry professionals. Reliability of collected data were evaluated by the test-retest method, yielding a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.88, using XLSTAT version 16. Descriptive analysis and criterion mean aid in data interpretation. Findings highlight the diverse landscape of technical strategies, with crucial components like blow-out preventers and fire detection systems showing varying maintenance schedules across facilities. Operational and organizational barriers, such as personnel competency and policy presence, exhibit recognition but inconsistency in review intervals. Aligning with existing literature, discrepancies in maintenance practices underscore the need for standardized approaches. Regular and systematic maintenance of safety barriers emerges as pivotal in preventing catastrophic events. The study advocates for uniformity in practices, emphasizing the importance of collaborative efforts among stakeholders to foster a culture of safety and adherence to industry standards. This research provides insights into the current state of safety barriers, offering recommendations for standardization, regular training programs, and collaborative initiatives to enhance safety measures within the dynamic oil and gas landscape in the Niger-Delta region. It serves as a foundational study for further research aimed at fostering a safer operational environment and mitigating risks in the industry.
Integration of Mathematics Culture and Mathematics Teaching in High School under the View of Flipped Classroom
Authors: Wang Di
Published: July 2024

The new curriculum standard suggests that mathematics culture should be integrated into mathematics teaching activities. With the support of information technology, how to better integrate mathematics culture and cultivate students' mathematics cultural literacy has attracted much attention. This paper applies theoretical research methods to explore the combination of mathematical culture with the flipped classroom for teaching mathematical culture. On the basis of clarifying the connotation and characteristics of both mathematics culture and the flipped classroom, and analyzing the current situation of mathematics culture teaching and flipped classroom teaching in high schools, this paper proposes strategies for integrating mathematics culture into high school mathematics teaching within the flipped classroom framework: 1. Creating high-quality microvideos for mathematics culture teaching; 2. Clearly defining students' objectives and tasks for independent pre-class learning; 3. Selecting teaching methods judiciously for effective in-class instruction; 4. Enhancing teachers' own mathematics cultural literacy through reflective evaluation. Through the above strategies, high-quality teaching micro-videos enhance students' interest in learning and their independent learning abilities. Clear independent learning objectives and tasks can effectively improve students' learning efficiency and help them construct their own knowledge. Appropriate teaching methods can stimulate students' interest in learning and improve the effectiveness of classroom assessments. With the help of the flipped classroom as a teaching mode, it can assist teachers and students in adjusting and improving their teaching and learning processes, and create a more interesting, diversified, and open learning environment. This environment fosters a deeper appreciation for mathematical culture among students. The aim is to better integrate mathematics culture knowledge and enhance students' mathematical literacy in personalized teaching.
Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soil: Technique and their Efficiency
Authors: Kumar Mukul , Kumari Niru , Pandey Amit Kumar , Singh Ashutosh
Published: July 2024

Developing technologies to slow the rate of increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) from annual emissions, such as energy, process industries, land-use change, and soil cultivation, is a major challenge of the twenty-first century. Severe ecological and economic disruptions result from the erratic changes in climate systems caused by the skyrocketing amounts of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs). Through the process of carbon sequestration, net greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced, hence mitigating climate change. Both biotic and abiotic variables can contribute to the long-term sequestration of carbon, or carbon stabilisation. The compilation of past and present methods for sequestering soil organic carbon is crucial, considering the need of measuring and tracking soil carbon at the point, field, regional, and ecosystem levels. This study attempts to provide an overview of the literature about the function of various agricultural management techniques for sequestering carbon and the ways in which they help to stabilize atmospheric carbon.
Evaluation of CO 52 Rice Variety for Enhanced Productivity in Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Ganapathy S. , Nageswari K. , Jayakumar J. , Veeramani P.
Published: July 2024

Selection of high yielding variety is an important factor in rice cultivation for a particular location/ environment. Cultivation of newly released rice variety has potential to increase the productivity and needs to be promoted and popularized. In this regard, the present investigation was carried out at farmer’s field to improve the rice productivity in Cuddalore district by introducing newrice variety CO 52. The CO 52 blast resistant medium duration high yielding rice variety was released by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) during 2018. A total of seventeen demonstrations with blast resistant newly released high yielding rice variety Co 52 were conducted at farmer’s field organized by Vegetable Research Station (TNAU), Palur, Cuddalore District during samba season of 2019-20. An average yield of 6,501 kg ha-1 was recorded in Co 52 demonstration trials with 10.51 per cent increased from the farmers cultivating variety BPT 5204 (5,886.75 kgsha-1). The farmers additional revenue of Rs. 9000- Rs. 10,400/ha was obtained from Co 52 demonstration plots. In this regard one field day and training on improved production technologies were organized at farmer’s field to increase the productivity of rice through demonstrations of new rice variety Co 52 with improved production technologies.
Effect of Nitrogen Management and Biofertilizer on Productivity and Profitability of Rapeseed
Authors: Khaliya Jitendra , Jakhar Chandrakanta , Suman Bhagwan , Meena Brijesh Kumar , Mawaliya Manoj , Yadav Indra Raj
Published: July 2024

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during Rabi season of 2023-24 to effect of nitrogen and bio-fertilizer on growth and yield characters of Rapeseed variety “T-9” was used in this study. The required quantities of fertilizers were applied as per treatments. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of nine treatments combinations i.e. T1-Azotobacter + 60 kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer (RDF), T2-Azotobacter + 45kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer + 15kg ha-1 N through poultry Manure (PM), T3-Azotobacter + 30kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer + 30kg ha-1 N through poultry Manure (PM), T4-PSB + 60kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer (RDF), T5-PSB + 45kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer + 15kg ha-1 N through poultry Manure (PM), T6-PSB + 30kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer + 30kg ha-1 N through poultry Manure (PM), T7-Azotobacter + PSB + 60kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer (RDF), T8-Azotobacter + PSB + 45kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer +15kg ha-1 N through poultry Manure (PM) and T9-Azotobacter + PSB + 30kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer + 30kg ha-1 N through poultry Manure (PM). The increased yield parameter such as a number of per siliqua, seed yield, stover yield harvest index was recorded with T9 (Azotobacter + PSB + 30 kg ha-1 N through inorganic Fertilizer + 30 kg ha-1 N through poultry manure).
Effect of Bio-fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) CV. Winter Dawn in Prayagraj (U.P.) Conditions
Authors: Singh Sumit , Mishra Saket , Bahadur Vijay
Published: July 2024

The experiment was carried out at Research Field of Horticulture Research Farm, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India, during Rabi Season 2023-2024 to investigate twelve treatments viz., T0 (RDN (Control), T1 (RDN + Azosprillum@7 kg/ha), T2 (RDN + Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria @6kg/ha), T3 (RDN + VAM @10kg/ha), T4 (RDN + Azotobacter@7kg/ha), T5 (RDN + Azospirillum@7kg/ha + PSB@ 6kg/ha), T6 (RDN + Azospirillum@7kg/ha + VAM@10kg/ha), T7 (RDN + PSB@6kg/ha + VAM@ 10kg/ha) and T8 (RDN + PSB@6kg/ha + Azotobacter@7kg/ha), T9 (RDN + Azotobacter@7kg/ha + VAM@10kg/ha) , T10 , (RDN+Azotobacter@7kg/ha+ PSB@6kg/ha + VAM@10kg/ha) and T11 (RDN + Azospirillum@7kg/ha + PSB@6kg/ha + VAM@10kg/ha)along with their combinations, replicated thrice in a Randomized Block Design. In strawberry use the application of bio-fertilizer like Azotobacter and Azospirillum hasten early flowering along with the expanded duration of blossoming, harvesting by increasing the growth, yield and quality of strawberry. The integrated nutrient management maximized plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, plant spread (E-W, N-S) (cm), number of flowers per plant, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight (g), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit yield (q/ha), total soluble solids, ascorbic acid (mg/100g). From the above experimental finding it may concluded that, the production of strawberry by the bio fertilizer application of T11 (RDN + Azospirillum@7kg/ha + PSB@6kg/ha + VAM@10kg/ha) was found to best in terms of growth, yield and quality. In the investigation improves vegetative growth of flowering and improve yield by the help of bio fertilizer such. The highest net return was also found in the T11 and highest B:C ratio was found in T10 with 3.64.
Impact of Zinc and Silica Solubilizing Bacterial Consortia on Soil Nutrient Availability and Direct Sown Paddy
Authors: Babu S. Vinod , Gopal A. Vijaya , Trimurtulu N. , Babu G. Kishore , Bhattiprolu S. L.
Published: July 2024

Effect of zinc and silica solubilizing bacteria and their consortia on paddy was studied under field conditions at Agricultural Research Station, Janagamaheswarapuram, Andhra Pradesh. Thirteen treatments were assessed for availability of nutrients viz., Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc and Silica in soil and concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in plant at 45, 90 and 120 days after sowing (DAS).Significantly highest nitrogen (198.9, 262.3 and 240.2 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (36.7, 64.7 and 40.6 kg ha-1), potassium (221.4, 349.6 and 263.5 kg ha-1), zinc (0.86, 1.14 and 0.98 ppm) and silica (66.8, 98.9 and 84.8 ppm) were recorded in T13 (RDF + ZnKJJ-4 & ZnPGG-1 + SiKPP-1 & SiPYY-3) at 45, 90 and 120DAS, respectively. In the plant, nitrogen (0.89, 1.10 and 0.98 %), phosphorus (0.46, 0.67 and 0.58 %) and potassium (1.87, 2.29 and 1.98 %) were significantly highest at 45, 90 and 120DAS, respectively, in T13. There was increase in the available nutrient content upto90 DAS which then decreased at 120DAS. It is inferred that consortia of two zinc solubilizing and two silica solubilizing microorganisms (T13) is useful for increased availability of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc and Silica in soil and increased uptake of NPK by rice plant, which in turn reduce exogenous chemical fertilizers.
Insulin Medication Trends in Diabetes Management: A Comprehensive USDDS Database Analysis
Authors: Okobi Okelue E. , Olasupo Olutayo Olaide , Afolabi Akinbanji R. , Emovon Christopher Igiogbe , Doherty Natalie Oghogho , O’Dare Rachel Adebukola , Umar Umi Ozohu , Okahia Tochukwu Wisdom , Adeboye Babatunde Adewale
Published: July 2024

Background: Insulin medication trends in diabetes management have evolved significantly over the past two decades, influenced by demographic factors and advancements in treatment. Analyzing these trends from 2000 to 2022 helps identify disparities and informs strategies for optimizing diabetes care across diverse populations.
Methods: This retrospective, observational study analyzed United States Diabetes Data System (USDDS) data from 2000 to 2022. Adult diabetic patients were categorized by age, gender, race, and education. Insulin-only usage percentages were calculated annually, with statistical analyses conducted to identify trends and disparities across demographics. Data confidentiality was maintained, using de-identified information to ensure compliance with ethical standards.
Results: The analysis of insulin medication trends from 2000 to 2022 reveals significant changes in diabetes management. The analysis shows that the proportion of patients using pills only increased from 45.6% in 2000 to a peak of 52.7% in 2011, then slightly decreased to 49.5% in 2022.  The proportion of patients using both insulin and pills increased from 11.2% in 2000, reached a peak of 16.8% in 2019, and then stabilized at 16.3% in 2022.  Insulin-only usage decreased from 25.6% to around 17-18%, indicating a shift towards combination therapies. Age-specific trends show a decline in insulin-only use among older adults and variability among younger adults. Gender-specific trends reveal an initial decline in insulin-only use, with males generally showing higher percentages in later years. Race and education-specific trends indicate varying patterns, with higher insulin-only usage among Non-Hispanic Whites and those with higher education. These trends highlight evolving diabetes management practices influenced by advancements and socio-economic factors.
Conclusion: The 22-year analysis of insulin medication trends highlights a shift towards increased use of oral medications and combination therapies in diabetes management. Significant variations in insulin-only usage were observed across different demographics, including age, gender, race, and education level, reflecting evolving clinical practices, advancements in treatment options, and socio-economic influences on diabetes care.
Forest Clearance and Fragmentation for Charcoal Production: The Case of Bimbia Bonadikombo Forest, South West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Ndah Njoh Roland , Taku Julie , Lucha Celestine Fonyikeh-Bomboh
Published: July 2024

The exploitation activities of man on natural resources have hardly been sustainable. This study examined the implication of charcoal production on the Bimbia Bonadikombo forest and it’s environ. The study employed both direct field observation and questionnaire administration for data gathering. Questionnaires were administered to charcoal producers and persons involved in charcoal related activities. Persons were selected using snowball technique. A total of 42 copies of questionnaires were administered to charcoal producers and related activities. Tree species used for charcoal production were noted and identified. The questionnaire was divided into five sections:(i), socio-demographic characteristics of charcoal producers, (ii), methods of charcoal production and species selected (iii),  aspects influencing charcoal production and the implication on the ecosystem, (iv), seasonal trends and challenges faced (v) mitigation strategies used). Data collected were organized in Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for the analyses. Pearson (ρ) correlation association was used for the relationship between variables of production and the demand of charcoal. The result revealed that, majority of the respondents, 78.57%, were males while females were least 21.43%. Majority of the respondents (54.76%) were between the ages of 31-46 while the least with ages > 47. Lophira alata 14 (35.71%) was the tree species ranked 1st while Irvingia gabonensis1 (2.38%) was the least and ranked 8th. The main aspect that influenced production was revenue generated 14 (33.33%) while weak institutions 2(4.76%) and crises situations 2(2(4.76%) were the least. Deforestation 12(28.57%) and habitats destruction 8(10.04%) were reported as the main effects caused by charcoal production. Production and the demand of charcoal variables showed a positive association (0.153±.361). The management strategies employed were: only matured trees were used for charcoal production, permanent charcoal pit kiln are dug out of forest canopy and only few tree species are used for charcoal production. For mitigation purposes used are: domestication, protecting wild charcoal trees in their farms and nurseries establishment. This study recommends that charcoal is a major source of energy and alternative source of energy when others failed or insufficient. Therefore, this source of energy can be enhanced to be more eco friendly and environmentally sustainable.
Effect of Different Organic Manures along with Microbial Consortia on Growth and Yield of Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata Nees.)
Authors: Mounika S.B. , K. N. Srinivasappa , M. Venkatesha , Ali Syed
Published: July 2024

Kalmegh has wide range of medicinal and pharmacological applications. The active ingredient andrographolide is important bioprotectant. Organically grown medicinal plants fetch premium price in the market. Hence the need to explore different manures along with microbial consortia to improve its yield is essential.  The experiment was laid out in RCBD with thirteen treatments. Different organic manures and combinations with neem cake were taken as treatments with three replications. Significantly higher plant height was observed in treatment - 100% RDF through vermicompost. Maximum plant spread was recorded in the treatment - 50% RDF through FYM + 50% RDF through neem cake + microbial consortia. Application of sheep manure + neem cake resulted in higher number of branches plant-1, higher number of leaves plant-1, highest fresh weight, highest dry weight, highest root to shoot ratio, highest fresh herbage yield and highest B:C ratio. So, sheep manure + neem cake was found best compared to other manures and combinations.