bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating Early Childhood Mental Health and Trauma-Informed Care for Homeless Families With Young Children
Authors: Williams Marian E.
Published: September 2016

Rogers, Bobich, and Heppell’s (2016) case study illustrating the successful application of an "Incredible Years" intervention with a 4-year-old girl and her family in the context of a homeless shelter provides an opportunity to consider the intersecting perspectives of infant and early childhood mental health and trauma-informed care.  Cathy’s exposure to intimate partner violence, her mother’s chronic depression, and her homelessness occurred during the critical developmental stages of prenatal development and the first four years of life, impacting her developing understanding of relationships and her emotion regulation.  A trauma-informed perspective provides an understanding of the links between Cathy’s history of trauma and her presenting symptoms of tantrums, aggression, and "moodiness," leading to recommended parenting strategies that support co-regulation and eventually self-regulation of emotions.  Although the Incredible Years intervention was successful in reducing Cathy’s symptoms, the addition of trauma-focused interventions may have the added benefit of helping Cathy to directly play and talk about her experience, together with her mother, so that both can understand and integrate their traumatic experiences and her mother can restore her role as a "protective shield" for her family.  Finally, the opening provided by implementation of a successful parenting intervention could lead to a broader consultation aimed at creating a trauma-informed organization within the transitional living shelter.
Further Consideration of Systems, Stigma, Trauma, and Access to Care
Authors: Rogers Karen C. , Bobich Michelle , Heppell Patrick
Published: September 2016

The commentaries by Williams (2016) and Gartenberg and Lang (2016) on the case of Cathy and her mother Ms. Z (Rogers, Bobich, & Heppell, 2016) explore the similarities between children who have been homeless and those in the foster system, and highlight the importance of trauma-focused treatment to address their mental health needs.  A further consideration of the challenges to obtaining such treatment due to system barriers, stigma, and the intergenerational transmission of trauma is applied to the case of Cathy. This illustrates the importance of an array of mental health treatment options and the ability to transition from one treatment (an Incredible Years [IY]  group) to another (Child-Parent Psychotherapy [CPP]) as opportunities to increase access to needed care for marginalized families.
Quasi-periodic fluctuation in Donchin’s speller signals and its potential use for asynchronous control
Authors: Ma Zheng , Qiu Tianshuang
Published: September 2016

When we examine the event-related potential (ERP) responses of Donchin’s brain-computer interface (BCI) speller, a type of quasi-periodic fluctuation (FLUC) overlapping with the ERP components can be observed; this fluctuation is traditionally treated as interference. However, if the FLUC is detectable in a working BCI, it can be used for asynchronous control, i.e. to indicate whether the BCI is under the control state (CS) or under the non-control idle state (NC). Asynchronous control is an important issue to address to enable BCI’s practical use. In this paper, we examine the characteristics of the FLUC and explore the possibility of using the FLUC for asynchronous control of the BCI. For detecting the FLUC, we propose a method based on the power spectrum and evaluate the detection rates in a simulation. As a result, high true positive rates (TPRs) and low false positive rates (FPRs) are obtained. Our work reveals that the FLUC is of great value for implementing an asynchronous BCI.
Not so fast: Speed-related conceptsin Chinese music and beyond
Authors: Tien Adrian
Published: September 2016

While speed as a sonic and musical experience may be a universal phenomenon, concepts referring to kinds of speed are language-specific and culture-dependent. This paper focuses on the notion of speed in Chinese and concepts associated with speed in Chinese, especially in relation to music. Five speed-related concepts in Chinese are subjected to scrutiny: kuai, ji, su, man and huan. These concepts are scrutinised in traditional musical, contemporary musical and general contemporary contexts. The musical genres in which these concepts present themselves are the music of guqin (a seven-stringed zither) and Peking Opera. Semantic analyses adopting the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach are utilised in order to explicate these concepts.

Preliminary findings demonstrate that, unlike in some other musical traditions in which one might expect the capacity to play at markedly contrastive speeds in a musical performance to be aesthetically desirable or even essential, as the meanings of the speed-related concepts in Chinese reveal, the ability to play fast is not necessarily aesthetically praiseworthy in at least traditional Chinese music, nor is speed necessarily a major consideration as one executes speed in a Chinese musical interpretation.
Learning Mandarin in Singapore Preschools: Laying the Foundation for Multilingualism
Authors: Lee Cher Leng
Published: September 2016

Singapore’s multilingual and multicultural sociolinguistic ecology probably makes it one of the best places in the world to nurture strong bilingualism. However, English is fast becoming the mother tongue of Singapore Chinese children. This is due to the fact that over the years of building the country’s economy, English has taken over as the medium of instruction in schools and the working language of the society, as well as the main language spoken in the homes. This paper examines the Chinese language education in Singapore preschools and explains how a change in preschool education policy can help children lay a better foundation for bilingualism, giving them a higher chance of success in later years (Yip and Matthews 2007.The bilingual child: early development and language contact. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). This paper will address the issue of Mandarin in particular, although it is true for other ‘mother tongues’ (Malay and Tamil) as well.
海峡两岸同素异序词历时考察————以“熊猫” 和 “猫熊” 为例
Authors: 贞 邹
Published: September 2016

本文以 “熊猫” 和 “猫熊” 为例，从历时的角度梳理这组同素异序词的产生过程，并以大规模语料为基础描述二者在大陆和台湾两个言语社区的发展情况。在二十世纪上半叶，“熊猫” 和 “猫熊” 处于共用状态，二者当中，又以前者为多；两岸隔离之后，大陆延续了这一用法，而台湾则是 “熊猫” 与 “猫熊” 并用，但以 “猫熊” 的使用为多。
普通话叙事语篇中复句的凸显度
Authors: 晋霞 李 , 云 刘
Published: September 2016

从篇章语法入手分析复句, 是复句研究的一种思路。本文考察普通话叙事语篇中复句的功能与分布。叙事语篇是按时间顺序记叙过去事件的一种语篇类型。在叙事语篇内部组织规律与复句自身特点的双重制约下, 不同复句在叙事语篇中的地位也不相同。文章在普通话叙事语篇结构分析的基础上, 尝试性地得出了普通话叙事语篇中复句的凸显度等级：顺承 > 转折/递进 > 并列 > 目的/因果/条件/假设。该序列中, 越凸显的复句类型, 越有能力占据叙事主线, 反之则越与叙事主线相疏离。
Factorial study to assess an ultrasonic methodology for the allylation of 4-chloroaniline
Authors: Nascimento Lillian Ferreira Santos , Fernandes João Paulo Santos
Published: September 2016

N-allylanilines are important compounds that are used to access several bioactive compounds containing indole and dihydroindole nucleus. However, their preparation through allylation can lead to the undesirable N,N-diallyl byproduct. In this work, the N-allylation of 4-chloroaniline was studied. In order to accelerate the process and maximize the monoallylated:diallylated ratio, we reported two full factorial studies to transpose the conventional synthetic procedure to an ultrasound (US) methodology. The evaluated factors were temperature, quantity of reagents (allyl bromide and K2CO3), reaction time, and methodology (conventional or US). The results showed that US did not change the monoallylated:diallylated ratio, but significantly improved the reaction rate, giving increased average monoallylated and total yields of 11.4% and 18.1%, respectively (p<0.05). The proposed US methodology gave the same yields and product ratio in a 4-h reaction time than the conventional 24-h procedure, without heating and using only an inexpensive US bath to conduct the reactions.
To date the greenest method for the preparation of α-hydroxyphosphonates from substituted benzaldehydes and dialkyl phosphites
Authors: Keglevich György , Rádai Zita , Kiss Nóra Zsuzsa
Published: September 2016

Recent synthetic methods for α-hydroxyphosphonates comprise a green, solvent-free accomplishment of the Pudovik reaction that was typically followed by extractions and recrystallization, or even by chromatography, or other operations. We now developed a general procedure applying 10% of triethylamine as the catalyst and a minimum quantity of acetone as the solvent, giving the products in a pure form after a reflux of 5–120 min following the addition of some n-pentane and crystallization on cooling.
The Reciprocal of MacPherson v. Buick Motor Company
Authors: Bernstein Anita
Published: September 2016

MacPherson v. Buick Motor Company won fame for taking down a privity barrier that stood between consumers and manufacturers of products that cause injury. Privity had offered liability-shelter to remote vendors; MacPherson destroyed that shelter when it held that nonprivy vendees have an entitlement to care and vigilance. In this relation of mutually constituted security and danger, privity and MacPherson are each the other’s reciprocal. This article, written to celebrate the centenary of a great decision, explores the reciprocity path that MacPherson helped to build by considering instances of law-mandated care and vigilance that came after it. Broadly worded obligations as provisioned in MacPherson function to support, or at least are consistent with, entitlements and shelters that business entities now receive from American consumers.
Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of Azure C dye from aqueous solution onto activated charcoal
Authors: Al-Rufaie M. M. , Alsultani Z. T. A. , Waheed A. S
Published: September 2016

Adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics of Azure C and from the aqueous solution on activated charcoal was examined. The charcoal was activated by concentrated sulphuric acid and the adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic was tested in batch experiment. An experiments used the adsorption batch method to observe the effect of the variable parameters, i.e. concentration of dye, time of contact, pH, temperature and adsorbent dose. The ideal dosage of adsorbent was 0.3 g for Azure C. The equilibrium state was reached within 60 min for dye Azure C at activated charcoal. The isotherms of equilibrium were investigated to characterize the adsorption operation. The data for the kinetics study were adjusted utilizing the equation of pseudo- second-order and the model of diffusion (intra-particle). All data were evaluated by means of equilibrium Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin isotherm on activated charcoal surface. Based on the adsorption isotherm evaluation on activated charcoal the result was 4S by using Giles classification. The thermodynamic factors like ΔH, ΔG and ΔS were estimated.
How (Not) To Argue Against Vague Object
Authors: Abasnezhad Ali
Published: September 2016

In a series of papers, Elizabeth Barnes and Robert Williams have developed a theory of metaphysical vagueness in which they argue for legitimacy of vague object and indeterminate identity. In his recent paper, Ken Akiba raises two objections against Barnes-Williams theory, concluding that it is ill-conceived and wrong-headed. In one objection, he argues that the theory implies indeterminate identity between referentially determinate objects to which λ-abstraction is applicable, and hence Evans’ argument ultimately goes through. In the other, he objects that Barnes-Williams theory also fails to block Salmon’s argument. This paper discusses the two objections. It argues that there are legitimate reasons for rejecting both, and hence to revive Barnes-Williams theory. Furthermore, it is shown that the objections, while unsuccessful, are helpful in revealing the limitations of Barnes-Williams theory.
Lost in Translation: Discussing the Positive Contribution of Hobbyist Metal Detecting
Authors: Ferguson Natasha
Published: September 2016

This paper will consider the positive contribution from hobbyist metal detecting from both the
perspective of the archaeological and metal detecting community. Are we currently opting for a path of
least resistance with a ‘better than nothing’ approach to encourage reporting and to maintain good working
relationships, even if it risks the loss of valuable archaeological information? Using selected case studies, as
well as the results of a recent research project, this paper will draw on the perspective of both archaeologists
and hobbyist metal detectorists to further understand what it is to have a responsible and constructive nonprofessional
interaction with the archaeological record.
A simulation framework for correlated count data of features subsets in high-throughput sequencing or proteomics experiments
Authors: Kruppa Jochen , Kramer Frank , Beißbarth Tim , Jung Klaus
Published: September 2016

As part of the data processing of high-throughput-sequencing experiments count data are produced representing the amount of reads that map to specific genomic regions. Count data also arise in mass spectrometric experiments for the detection of protein-protein interactions. For evaluating new computational methods for the analysis of sequencing count data or spectral count data from proteomics experiments artificial count data is thus required. Although, some methods for the generation of artificial sequencing count data have been proposed, all of them simulate single sequencing runs, omitting thus the correlation structure between the individual genomic features, or they are limited to specific structures. We propose to draw correlated data from the multivariate normal distribution and round these continuous data in order to obtain discrete counts. In our approach, the required distribution parameters can either be constructed in different ways or estimated from real count data. Because rounding affects the correlation structure we evaluate the use of shrinkage estimators that have already been used in the context of artificial expression data from DNA microarrays. Our approach turned out to be useful for the simulation of counts for defined subsets of features such as individual pathways or GO categories.
Rethinking the Peircean trichotomy of icon, index, and symbol
Authors: Ding Ersu
Published: September 2016

Classification of signs into various kinds is a vital enterprise in semiotic research. As early as over a century ago, the American semiotician Charles Sanders Peirce laid down a solid foundation for this work by proposing his famous trichotomy of signs. Later scholars have been mostly applying Peirce’s theory to their own semiotic studies rather than challenging the inadequacies that exist therein, thus giving rise to a great number of confusions or even contradictions. The present article modifies Peirce’s theory from the perspective of sign emergence and evolution and emphasizes the importance of understanding sign transformations.
Magnus Expansion Approach to Parametric Oscillator Systems in a Thermal Bath
Authors: Zhu Beilei , Rexin Tobias , Mathey Ludwig
Published: September 2016

We develop a Magnus formalism for periodically driven systems which provides an expansion both in the driving term and in the inverse driving frequency, applicable to isolated and dissipative systems. We derive explicit formulas for a driving term with a cosine dependence on time, up to fourth order. We apply these to the steady state of a classical parametric oscillator coupled to a thermal bath, which we solve numerically for comparison. Beyond dynamical stabilisation at second order, we find that the higher orders further renormalise the oscillator frequency, and additionally create a weakly renormalised effective temperature. The renormalised oscillator frequency is quantitatively accurate almost up to the parametric instability, as we confirm numerically. Additionally, a cut-off dependent term is generated, which indicates the break down of the hierarchy of time scales of the system, as a precursor to the instability. Finally, we apply this formalism to a parametrically driven chain, as an example for the control of the dispersion of a many-body system.
Schwann Cells in Neuromuscular Junction Formation and Maintenance
Authors: Barik Arnab , Li Lei , Sathyamurthy Anupama , Xiong Wen-Cheng , Mei Lin
Published: September 2016

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a tripartite synapse that is formed by motor nerve terminals, postjunctional muscle membranes, and terminal Schwann cells (TSCs) that cover the nerve-muscle contact. NMJ formation requires intimate communications among the three different components. Unlike nerve-muscle interaction, which has been well characterized, less is known about the role of SCs in NMJ formation and maintenance. We show that SCs in mice lead nerve terminals to prepatterned AChRs. Ablating SCs at E8.5 (i.e., prior nerve arrival at the clusters) had little effect on aneural AChR clusters at E13.5, suggesting that SCs may not be necessary for aneural clusters. SC ablation at E12.5, a time when phrenic nerves approach muscle fibers, resulted in smaller and fewer nerve-induced AChR clusters; however, SC ablation at E15.5 reduced AChR cluster size but had no effect on cluster density, suggesting that SCs are involved in AChR cluster maturation. Miniature endplate potential amplitude, but not frequency, was reduced when SCs were ablated at E15.5, suggesting that postsynaptic alterations may occur ahead of presynaptic deficits. Finally, ablation of SCs at P30, after NMJ maturation, led to NMJ fragmentation and neuromuscular transmission deficits. Miniature endplate potential amplitude was reduced 3 d after SC ablation, but both amplitude and frequency were reduced 6 d after. Together, these results indicate that SCs are not only required for NMJ formation, but also necessary for its maintenance; and postsynaptic function and structure appeared to be more sensitive to SC ablation.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeuromuscular junctions (NMJs) are critical for survival and daily functioning. Defects in NMJ formation during development or maintenance in adulthood result in debilitating neuromuscular disorders. The role of Schwann cells (SCs) in NMJ formation and maintenance was not well understood. We genetically ablated SCs during development and after NMJ formation to investigate the consequences of the ablation. This study reveals a critical role of SCs in NMJ formation as well as maintenance.
Stress-Induced Reinstatement of Nicotine Preference Requires Dynorphin/Kappa Opioid Activity in the Basolateral Amygdala
Authors: Nygard Stephanie K. , Hourguettes Nicholas J. , Sobczak Gabe G. , Carlezon William A. , Bruchas Michael R.
Published: September 2016

The dynorphin (DYN)/kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) system plays a conserved role in stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking for prototypical substances of abuse. Due to nicotine's high propensity for stress-induced relapse, we hypothesized that stress would induce reinstatement of nicotine seeking-like behavior in a KOR-dependent manner. Using a conditioned place preference (CPP) reinstatement procedure in mice, we show that both foot-shock stress and the pharmacological stressor yohimbine (2 mg/kg, i.p.) induce reinstatement of nicotine CPP in a norbinaltorphimine (norBNI, a KOR antagonist)-sensitive manner, indicating that KOR activity is necessary for stress-induced nicotine CPP reinstatement. After reinstatement testing, we visualized robust c-fos expression in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), which was reduced in mice pretreated with norBNI. We then used several distinct but complementary approaches of locally disrupting BLA KOR activity to assess the role of KORs and KOR-coupled intracellular signaling cascades on reinstatement of nicotine CPP. norBNI injected locally into the BLA prevented yohimbine-induced nicotine CPP reinstatement without affecting CPP acquisition. Similarly, selective deletion of BLA KORs in KOR conditional knock-out mice prevented foot-shock-induced CPP reinstatement. Together, these findings strongly implicate BLA KORs in stress-induced nicotine seeking-like behavior. In addition, we found that chemogenetic activation of Gαi signaling within CaMKIIα BLA neurons was sufficient to induce nicotine CPP reinstatement, identifying an anatomically specific intracellular mechanism by which stress leads to reinstatement. Considered together, our findings suggest that activation of the DYN/KOR system and Gαi signaling within the BLA is both necessary and sufficient to produce reinstatement of nicotine preference.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTConsidering the major impact of nicotine use on human health, understanding the mechanisms by which stress triggers reinstatement of drug-seeking behaviors is particularly pertinent to nicotine. The dynorphin (DYN)/kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) system has been implicated in stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking for other commonly abused drugs. However, the specific role, brain region, and mechanisms that this system plays in reinstatement of nicotine seeking has not been characterized. Here, we report region-specific engagement of the DYN/KOR system and subsequent activation of inhibitory (Gi-linked) intracellular signaling pathways within the basolateral amygdala during stress-induced reinstatement of nicotine preference. We show that the DYN/KOR system is necessary to produce this behavioral state. This work may provide novel insight for the development of therapeutic approaches to prevent stress-related nicotine relapse.
Validating genetic markers of response to recombinant human growth hormone in children with growth hormone deficiency and Turner syndrome: the PREDICT validation study
Authors: Stevens Adam , Murray Philip , Wojcik Jerome , Raelson John , Koledova Ekaterina , Chatelain Pierre , Clayton Peter , _ _
Published: September 2016

Objective

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the response to recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) have previously been identified in growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and Turner syndrome (TS) children in the PREDICT long-term follow-up (LTFU) study (Nbib699855). Here, we describe the PREDICT validation (VAL) study (Nbib1419249), which aimed to confirm these genetic associations.

Design and methods

Children with GHD (n = 293) or TS (n = 132) were recruited retrospectively from 29 sites in nine countries. All children had completed 1 year of r-hGH therapy. 48 SNPs previously identified as associated with first year growth response to r-hGH were genotyped. Regression analysis was used to assess the association between genotype and growth response using clinical/auxological variables as covariates. Further analysis was undertaken using random forest classification.

Results

The children were younger, and the growth response was higher in VAL study. Direct genotype analysis did not replicate what was found in the LTFU study. However, using exploratory regression models with covariates, a consistent relationship with growth response in both VAL and LTFU was shown for four genes – SOS1 and INPPL1 in GHD and ESR1 and PTPN1 in TS. The random forest analysis demonstrated that only clinical covariates were important in the prediction of growth response in mild GHD (>4 to <10 μg/L on GH stimulation test), however, in severe GHD (≤4 μg/L) several SNPs contributed (in IGF2, GRB10, FOS, IGFBP3 and GHRHR).

Conclusions

The PREDICT validation study supports, in an independent cohort, the association of four of 48 genetic markers with growth response to r-hGH treatment in both pre-pubertal GHD and TS children after controlling for clinical/auxological covariates. However, the contribution of these SNPs in a prediction model of first-year response is not sufficient for routine clinical use.
HLA-G and CD8+ regulatory T cells in the inflammatory environment of pre-eclampsia
Authors: Vianna Priscila , Mondadori Andressa G , Bauer Moisés E , Dornfeld Dinara , Chies José A B
Published: September 2016

During pregnancy, the maternal immune system is tolerant to foetal antigens via the engagement of immune regulatory mechanisms. Failure in regulating the maternal immunity to foetal antigens may lead to pre-eclampsia (PE). We addressed the role ofHLA-Ggene polymorphisms and protein expression as well as regulatory T cells and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in healthy and pathological pregnancies. Blood samples from 26 pregnant women with PE, 25 non-PE and 7 strictly healthy pregnant women were assessed. PBMCs were phenotyped for early activation markers (CD25 and CD69), regulatory T-cell markers (CD8+CD28−and CD4+CD25highFoxp3+), ILT-2 (HLA-G receptor) and HLA-G. Lymphocyte proliferation was estimated and levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17 were measured. HLA-G polymorphisms (rs66554220 and rs1063320) were genotyped by PCR. PE women exhibited low levels of HLA-G in PBMCs and low frequency of regulatory CD8+CD28−T cells. High amounts of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17, IL-2 and TNF-α as well as IL-4 and IL-10 and an increased proliferative cell activation profile were observed in PE. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of theHLA-Ggene polymorphisms and the frequency of CD4+CD25highFoxp3+T cells did not vary among the groups. Our data suggest that the cytokine imbalance presented in PE is associated with a deficient immune regulatory profile, contributing to an impaired immune tolerance between mother and foetus.
Why doesn’t conventional IVF work in the horse? The equine oviduct as a microenvironment for capacitation/fertilization
Authors: Leemans Bart , Gadella Bart M , Stout Tom A E , De Schauwer Catharina , Nelis Hilde , Hoogewijs Maarten , Van Soom Ann
Published: September 2016

In contrast to man and many other mammalian species, conventionalin vitrofertilization (IVF) with horse gametes is not reliably successful. The apparent inability of stallion spermatozoa to penetrate the zona pellucidain vitrois most likely due to incomplete activation of spermatozoa (capacitation) because of inadequate capacitating or fertilizing media.In vivo, the oviduct and its secretions provide a microenvironment that does reliably support and regulate interaction between the gametes. This review focuses on equine sperm–oviduct interaction. Equine sperm–oviduct binding appears to be more complex than the presumed species-specific calcium-dependent lectin binding phenomenon; unfortunately, the nature of the interaction is not understood. Various capacitation-related events are induced to regulate sperm release from the oviduct epithelium and most data suggest that exposure to oviduct secretions triggers sperm capacitationin vivo. However, only limited information is available about equine oviduct secreted factors, and few have been identified. Another aspect of equine oviduct physiology relevant to capacitation is acid–base balance.In vitro, it has been demonstrated that stallion spermatozoa show tail-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation after binding to oviduct epithelial cells containing alkaline secretory granules. In response to alkaline follicular fluid preparations (pH 7.9), stallion spermatozoa also show tail-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation, hyperactivated motility and (limited) release from oviduct epithelial binding. However, these ‘capacitating conditions’ are not able to induce the acrosome reaction and fertilization. In conclusion, developing a defined capacitating medium to support successful equine IVF will depend on identifying as yet uncharacterized capacitation triggers present in the oviduct.
The Impact Of Good Corporate Governance To Manufacturing Firm’s Profitability And Firm’s Value
Authors: Sumarno Johanes , Widjaja Sendy , Subandriah Subandriah
Published: September 2016

This paper studied the behavior of management toward the implementation of Good Corporate Governance in Indonesia to determine whether it has any influence towards profitability and its implication to the Manufacturing Firms’ value publicly listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. There were 41 corporations who met the criteria of the survey. The data were analyzed using Panel Regression with fixed effects Model. The empirical findings show that the implementation of Corporate Governance in Indonesia has a positive, significant and direct impact toward firms’ profitability and firms’ value. Corporate Governance principles based on OECD principles that have positive and significant impact to both profitability and Firms’ Valueis Rights of Shareholders, Role of Stakeholders, Responsibilities of the Board Commissioners and Board of Directors. The principles that have significance and negative impact towards corporate profitability and value, are: Equitable treatment of shareholders and Disclosure and Transparencies. The most significant principle influencing profitability and firms’ value is Disclosure and Transparencies. Profitability plays a greater role in influencing Manufacturing Firms’ value in Indonesia. DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v5i2.3542
Spiritualitas Manusia dalam Menata “Jalan Pulang”
Authors: Tresnawaty Betty
Published: September 2016

There is so many ways to convey the message or information. Likewise in conveying religious messages to build awareness of man in enhancing the spiritual and morality. Morality is a sense of loyalty to the duties and responsibilities. Humans as moral beings can not be understood, unless it first recognizes the reality of the Lord of Hosts, source of Personality. When people fail to distinguish the objectives of his trip, he met his own work at the level of the presence of the animal. He had failed to seize the opportunity advantages over the intelligence material, moral discrimination, and spiritual wisdom that are integral part of the gift of its consmic-mind as a man who has a personality.
Citra Tubuh Ideal Perempuan dalam Iklan Televisi
Authors: Cholidah Lida Imelda
Published: September 2016

Advertising is one way to convey a message to the target audience are considered, and is used as a means of communication between producers and consumers. As communication tools, ads may expose the description of a product of each goals and objectives. Has an important role in an ad, either in print or electronic media. The use of women in advertising adds to the appeal to enjoy the advertising message. Because women are always displayed visually appealing, even though not necessarily the case. With the visualization of this it tends to cause a variety of different perception of the female image.Female ideal body imaging interpreted as a slim body, with no excess fat proportional portray the image of a beautiful woman. The image formed by the mass media often presents the symbols that represents the ideal female body as a symbol of beauty. Nevertheless imaging and acceptance and rejection of the ideal body will continue to rotate with the growth of industry, politics, advances in medicine, changes in the economy and the media.
Ikhtiar Mengembangkan Performance Dakwah Hasanah dari Perspektif Etika Dakwah
Authors: Tajiri Hajir
Published: September 2016

Dakwah yang baik dapat dikenali melalui performance-nya. Performance dakwah hasanah merupakan sebuah wujud empirik yang dikenali dari pengalaman-pengalaman sejarah dakwah masa lalu maupun kekinian. Upaya mewujudkannya, sangat utama jika mengindahkan prinsip-prinsip etika dalam dakwah. Beberapa prinsip etika dakwah dapat dijabarkan antara lain kualitas personal dan kemampuan profesional dalam berdakwah, pemahaman tugas dan fungsi sebagai pendakwah, penguasaan ideal materi dakwah dan ideal cara mendakwahkannya. Selain itu ideal penguasaan metode dakwah dan ideal kemampuan membangun jaringan dakwah.
The Philosophical Basis of “Transhumanist” Politics
Authors: Benedikter Roland , Siepmann Katja , McIntosh Annabella
Published: September 2016

Transhumanism conceives itself as the next phase of humanism, postulating to leave behind most of its allegedly outdated features and paradigms. To that purpose, transhumanism has recently developed its own philosophy to get to a concrete social ideology, on which political action can be based. This philosophy has been first concentrated in the best-selling book (No. 1 New York Times bestseller) “The Transhumanist Wager” (2013). We discuss the basic elements of the social philosophy of transhumanism in its attempt to overcome traditional humanism both in the social sphere and in politics, including the innovative elements and the contradictions inbuilt in its current self-concept and thought.
A GOVERNANÇA ELETRÔNICA INSERIDA NO ORÇAMENTO PARTICIPATIVO VIRTUAL
Authors: Costa Franklin Leonardy Fernandes da , De Medeiros Jássio Pereira
Published: September 2016

Tendo em vista a presente pesquisa, buscou-se em seu objetivo geral analisar o Orçamento Participativo Virtual como um mecanismo de governança eletrônica da gestão municipal da cidade do Natal/RN. Em construção a revisão literária, aponta-se como principais temas – governo eletrônico, governança eletrônica e Orçamento Participativo, nos quais comtemplam a inserção das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) no ambiente das políticas públicas, trazendo como principais autores – Frey, Rezende (2005) e Ruediger (2002). A construção do presente estudo deu-se por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, na captação dos dados primários, por meio da elaboração do instrumento de coleta de dados. Além disso, a linha de pesquisa dá-se por meio de um estudo exploratório, na qual guia-se através de uma problemática. Soma-se ainda, o envolvimento descritivo, por permitir análise, registros e interpretação de um instrumento, com a finalidade de observar o sistema do Orçamento Participativo Virtual (OPV). Dessa forma, a pesquisa desenvolveu-se por meio de um estudo de caso único, com fomento na integração entre a população e a gestão na utilização de um sistema de informação gerencial – Orçamento Participativo. Por meio do desenvolvimento do presente estudo, concluiu-se que o OPV pode servir como minimizador de custos, com plenárias e eventos, flexibilizando o processo. Além disso, contribui diretamente para a ampliação da participação da sociedade na gestão das necessidades demandadas, gerando satisfação populacional, além de servir, como meio de controle sobre o processamento de demanda e aplicação dos recursos.
Sertoli cell tumour in a neonate calf: an unusual congenital tumour
Authors: Kilic Ergin , Schmidt Thomas , Dänicke Sven , Schmicke Marion , Schneider Eckard , Vissiennon Théophile , Freick Markus
Published: September 2016

Congenital testicular tumours are seldom reported in bovine species. This case report describes the clinical, sonographical, haematological, pathomorphological and immunohistological features of a Sertoli cell tumour in a neonatal German Holstein calf. Microscopically, the enlarged testicle was composed of neoplastic cells, which were packed in well-formed tubules. The mostly polygonal shaped cells had round to elongated nuclei and a scanty eosinophilic cytoplasm. Some cells were arranged perpendicularly to the light PAS-positive basement membrane. These cells were packed in broad sheets separated by dense fibrous stroma. Mitotic figures were present. The features described above are indicative of a Sertoli cell tumour. The contralateral testicle showed a well formed rete testis, fusiform cells and a dense central capillary convolute and haemorrhagic foci. The features are indicative of an extensive fibrosis and older haemorrhage. The neoplasia was immunopositive for vimentin, α-oestrogen receptor, α-inhibin and S-100 protein, but immunonegative for cytokeratine, CD30, progesterone receptor, α-fetoprotein, SALL4, OCT4 and glypican-3. The myco - toxicological investigations revealed the presence of residues of zea - ra lenone, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin, HT2 toxin and their metabolites in feeds and urine of heavily pregnant cows of the herd. Furthermore, information is provided about oestrogen and testosterone levels of the affected and healthy neonatal calves. A possible influence of mycotoxins on the cancerogenesis is discussed.
Radiological findings in megaesophagus secondary to Chagas disease: chest X-ray and esophagogram
Authors: Abud Thiago Giansante , Abud Lucas Giansante , Vilar Vanessa Sales , Szejnfeld Denis , Reibscheid Samuel
Published: September 2016

Abstract Objective: To identify and classify the radiographic patterns of megaesophagus in Chagas disease, as seen on esophagograms and chest X-rays. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study of 35 patients diagnosed with esophageal disease via manometry. The changes found on esophagograms were stratified according to Rezende's classification, divided into four categories (grades I through IV) determined by the degree of dilatation and impairement of esophageal motility. We subsequently correlated that ranking with the chest X-ray findings: gastric air bubble; air-fluid level; and mediastinal widening. Results: Among the 35 patients, the esophageal disease was classified as grade I in 9 (25.7%), grade II in 3 (8.6%), grade III in 19 (54.3%), and grade IV in 4 (11.4%). None of the patients with grade I esophageal disease showed changes on chest X-rays. In two of the three patients with grade II disease, there was no gastric air-bubble, although there were no other findings in any of the grade II patients. Of the 19 patients with grade III disease, 15 had abnormal findings on X-rays. All four patients with grade IV disease showed abnormalities. Conclusion: The use of Rezende's classification is feasible, encompassing findings ranging from the subtle changes that characterize the initial phases of esophageal disease to the complete akinesia seen in dolicomegaesophagus. Chest X-ray findings are more common in patients with advanced stages of the disease and indicate the degree of esophageal involvement in Chagas disease.
Age-related changes in bone architecture
Authors: GIORDANO VINCENZO , FRANCO JOSÉ SÉRGIO , KOCH HILTON AUGUSTO , LABRONICI PEDRO JOSÉ , PIRES ROBINSON ESTEVES S. , AMARAL NEY PECEGUEIRO DO
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective : to evaluate the histologic and morphometric characteristics of bone biopsies of the anterior iliac crest of patients of different age groups. Methods : we studied 30 bone samples from the iliac crest, using brightfield optical microscopy. We divided the samples by donors' age groups in three groups: Group 1 (n = 10), subjects aged between 25 and 39 years; Group 2 (n = 10), subjects aged between 40 and 64 years; Group 3 (n = 10), individuals aged 65 years and over. We randomly divided the samples into two sets with 15 specimens. In the first study segment (n = 15), we used histological to assess the osteogenic property of the graft, through the analysis of cell reserve in the periosteum, the number of osteocytes in the lacunae and the number of Haversian and Volkmann's canals. In the second study segment (n = 15), we investigated the morphology of osteoconductive property of the graft, through quantification of the trabecular meshwork (Vv) and trabecular area (Sv). Results : histologically, we observed degeneration of bone occurring with age, characterized by thinning of the periosteum, with gradual replacement of the steogenic layer by fibrous tissue, small amount of Haversian and Volkmann's canals, osteocyte lacunae voids and fine spongy bone trabeculae, allowing ample medullary space, usually occupied by fat cells and adipocytes. Morphologically, with respect to the quantification of the trabecular meshwork (Vv), we found statistically significant differences between Groups 1 and 3 and between Groups 2 and 3, with reduction of the trabecular meshwork of about 45% in the elderly over 65 years old ; there was no statistically significant difference between Groups 1 and 2. There was also no statistical difference between the Groups regarding Sv. Conclusion : the results of this experiment suggest that, in the elderly (over 65 years old), the osteogenic property of autologous bone graft decreases and the osteoconductive property is compromised.
EFFECT OF SIZE OF INTESTINAL DIVERSIONS IN OBESE PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME SUBMITTED TO GASTRIC BYPASS
Authors: RAMOS Rafael Jacques , MOTTIN Cláudio Corá , ALVES Letícia Biscaino , BENZANO Daniela , PADOIN Alexandre Vontobel
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background: There is no consensus on the ideal size of intestinal loops in gastric bypass of bariatric surgeries. Aim: To evaluate the metabolic outcome of patients submitted to gastric bypass with alimentary and biliopancreatic loops of different sizes. Methods: Was conducted a retrospective cohort study in diabetic obese patients (BMI≥35 kg/m2) with metabolic syndrome submitted to gastric bypass. The patients were divided into three groups according to the size of the intestinal loop: group 1, biliopancreatic limb 50 cm length and alimentary limb 100 cm length; group 2 , biliopancreatic limb 50 cm length and alimentary limb 150 cm length; and group 3, biliopancreatic limb 100 cm length and alimentary limb 150 cm length. The effect of gastric bypass with different sizes of intestinal loops in relation to the parameters that define metabolic syndrome was determined. Results: Sixty-three patients were evaluated, and they had a mean age of 44.7±9.4 years. All were diabetics, with 62 (98.4%) being hypertensive and 51 (82.2%) dyslipidemic. The three groups were homogeneous in relation to the variables. In 24 months, there was a remission of systemic arterial hypertension in 65% of patients in group 1, 62.5% in group 2 and 68.4% in group 3. Remission of diabetes occurred in 85% of patients in group 1, 83% in group 2 and 84% in group 3. There was no statistical difference in %LEW between the groups, and waist measurements decreased in a homogeneous way in all groups. The size of loops also had no influence on the improvement in dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Variation in size of intestinal loops does not appear to influence improvement in metabolic syndrome in this group of patients.
EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS ON BODY WEIGHT AND CLINICAL METABOLIC COMORBIDITIES IN BARIATRIC SURGERY SERVICE OF A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: SILVA Cátia Ferreira da , COHEN Larissa , SARMENTO Luciana d'Abreu , ROSA Felipe Monnerat Marino , ROSADO Eliane Lopes , CARNEIRO João Régis Ivar , SOUZA Antônio Augusto Peixoto de , MAGNO Fernanda Cristina Carvalho Mattos
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background: Due to the high failure rate observed in the clinical treatment of morbid obesity an increase in bariatric surgery indications, as an alternative for the control of obesity and comorbidities, is noticeable. Aim: To evaluate the performance of type 2 diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia in patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in late follow-up. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 59 patients included in the bariatric surgery program. Anthropometric (height and body weight) and laboratory (LDLc, HDLc, VLDLc, triglyceride -TG - and glucose) data were collected on pre- and postoperative stages, through medical records. Results: Among the patients, 86% were female aged 43±11, of whom 52% had attended high school. The average postoperative time was 7±3 years. During the postoperative period, there were decreases of weight and body mass index, respectively (133±06 kg vs 91±04 kg p<0.05 e 49±74 kg/m2 vs 33±79 kg/m2, p<0.05). In comparison to the preoperative stage, lower concentrations of glucose (101.00±26.99 vs 89,11±15.19, p=0.014), total cholesterol rates (179.00±37,95 vs 167.48±28,50, p=0.016), LDLc (104.30±33.12 vs 91.46±24.58, p=0.016), VLDLc (25.40±11,12 vs 15.68±7.40, p<0.01), and TG (143.35±86.35 vs 82.45±37.39, p<0.01) and higher concentrations of HDLc (43.53±8.23 vs 57.90±15.60, p<0.01) were identified in the postoperative stage. 40% of hypertensive patients were still undergoing high blood pressure treatment during the postoperative stage. There was remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia on 81% and 94% of the cases, respectively. Conclusion: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass has proven itself to be an effective long term procedure, promoting weight loss, remission of DM2 and dyslipidemia.
INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN THE ROUX-EN-Y BYPASS GASTRIC POUCH
Authors: CHAVES Luiz Claudio Lopes , BORGES Isabela Klautau Leite Chaves , SOUZA Maíra Danielle Gomes de , SILVA Ian Passos , SILVA Lyz Bezerra , MAGALHÃES Marcelo Alexandre Prado , FONSECA Allan Herbert Feliz , CAMPOS Josemberg Marins
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in obese candidates for bariatric surgery and its role in the emergence of inflammatory lesions after surgery has not been well established. Aim: To identify the incidence of inflammatory lesions in the stomach after bariatric surgery and to correlate it with H. pylori infection. Methods: This is a prospective study with 216 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. These patients underwent histopathological endoscopy to detect H. pylori prior to surgery. Positive cases were treated with antibiotics and a proton inhibitor pump followed by endoscopic follow-up in the 6th and 12th month after surgery. Results: Most patients were female (68.1%), with grade III obesity (92.4%). Preoperative endoscopy revealed gastritis in 96.8%, with H. pylori infection in 40.7% (88/216). A biopsy was carried out in 151 patients, revealing H. pylori in 60/151, related to signs of inflammation in 90% (54/60). In the 6th and 12th month after surgery, the endoscopy and the histopathological exam showed a normal gastric pouch in 84% of patients and the incidence of H. pylori was 11% and 16%, respectively. The presence of inflammation was related to H. pylori infection (p<0,001). Conclusion: H. pylori has a similar prevalence in both obese patients scheduled to undergo bariatric surgery and the general population. There is a low incidence of it in the 6th and 12th months after surgery, probably owing to its eradication when detected prior to surgery. When inflammatory disease is present in the new gastric reservoir it is directly related to H. pylori infection.
GASTRIC AND JEJUNAL HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: RODRIGUES Rosemary Simões Nomelini , ALMEIDA Élia Cláudia de Souza , CAMILO Silvia Maria Perrone , TERRA-JÚNIOR Júverson Alves , GUIMARÃES Lucinda Calheiros , DUQUE Ana Cristina da Rocha , ETCHEBEHERE Renata Margarida
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Background: Morbid obesity is a multifactorial disease that increasingly is being treated by surgery. Aim: To evaluate gastric histopathological changes in obese, and to compare with patients who underwent gastrojejunal bypass and the jejunal mucosa after the surgery. Methods: This is an observational study performed at a tertiary public hospital, evaluating endoscopic biopsies from 36 preoperative patients and 35 postoperative. Results: In the preoperative group, 80.6% had chronic gastritis, which was active in 38.9% (77.1% and 20.1%, respectively, in the postoperative). The postoperative group had a significant reduction in H. pylori infection (p=0.0001). A longer length of the gastric stump and a time since surgery of more than two years were associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. The jejunal mucosa was normal in 91.4% and showed slight nonspecific chronic inflammation in 8.6%. Conclusion: There was a reduction in the incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the postoperative group. A longer length of the gastric stump and longer time elapsed since surgery were associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. The jejunal mucosa was considered normal in an absolute majority of patients.