bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk of Neonatal Hypoglycemia in Infants of Mothers With Gestational Glucose Intolerance
Authors: Andrews Chloe , Maya Jacqueline , Schulte Carolin C.M. , Hsu Sarah , Thaweethai Tanayott , James Kaitlyn E. , Halperin Jose , Powe Camille E. , Sen Sarbattama
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

To examine the relationship between gestational glucose intolerance (GGI) and neonatal hypoglycemia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a secondary analysis of 8,262 mother-infant dyads, with delivery at two hospitals between 2014 and 2023. We categorized maternal glycemic status as normal glucose tolerance (NGT), GGI, or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We defined NGT according to a normal glucose load test result, GGI according to an abnormal glucose load test result with zero (GGI-0) or one (GGI-1) abnormal value on the 100-g oral glucose tolerance test, and GDM according to an abnormal glucose load test result with two or more abnormal values on the glucose tolerance test. Neonatal hypoglycemia was defined according to blood glucose <45 mg/dL or ICD-9 or ICD-10 diagnosis of neonatal hypoglycemia. We used logistic regression analysis to determine associations between maternal glucose tolerance category and neonatal hypoglycemia and conducted a sensitivity analysis using Δ-adjusted multiple imputation, assuming for unscreened infants a rate of neonatal hypoglycemia as high as 33%.

RESULTS

Of infants, 12% had neonatal hypoglycemia. In adjusted models, infants born to mothers with GGI-0 had 1.28 (95% 1.12, 1.65), GGI-1 1.58 (95% CI 1.11, 2.25), and GDM 4.90 (95% CI 3.81, 6.29) times higher odds of neonatal hypoglycemia in comparison with infants born to mothers with NGT. Associations in sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

GGI is associated with increased risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. Future research should include examination of these associations in a cohort with more complete neonatal blood glucose ascertainment and determination of the clinical significance of these findings on long-term child health.
Evolutions of distortion and residual stress in laser powder bed fusion based on assumption of constraining force
Authors: Xie Deqiao , Zhao Jianfeng
Published: May 2024

Laser powder bed fusion is a promising technique that can produce complex-shaped and integrated part. However, distortion and residual stress are two issues that may decrease the precision and performance of built parts. Classical thermal gradient mechanism offers a basic interpretation toward distortion and residual stress. The evolutions of distortion and residual stress in laser powder bed fusion remain unclear. In this study, we used a physical model with an assumption of constraining force to illustrate the evolutions of distortion and residual stress during the additive process. Based on the model, we are able to understand the phenomenon of X-directional shrinkage, Z-directional distortion, and “tensile-compressive-tensile” distribution of X-directional stresses at the same time. It can be concluded that the shrinkage, distortion, and X-directional residual stress all result from the constraint between previously deposited layer and newly deposited layer, which has a strong shrinkage tendency when cooling. The distortion of part increases with deposition height, especially during first several layers. The “tensile-compressive-tensile” distribution of X-directional stresses can be maintained during the additive process. The magnitude of top tensile stress remains stable, while the tensile stress at bottom increases with the deposition height. This work provides a comprehensive understanding toward the evolutions of distortion and residual stress in laser powder bed fusion.
Integración de la inteligencia artificial en la enseñanza de la historia mundial: perspectivas y desafíos
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Camino Herrera Cesar Agusto , Granda Valencia Vínicio Paul ,   Investigador Independiente, Vega Miraba Sandra Lucia ,   Investigador Independiente, Lavarello Delgado Ximena Valeska ,   Investigador Independiente
Published: May 2024

La integración de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la enseñanza de la historia mundial representa una innovación significativa en el ámbito educativo, ofreciendo nuevas oportunidades para modernizar y enriquecer la experiencia de aprendizaje. Al incorporar tecnologías de IA en el aula, los docentes pueden aprovechar herramientas avanzadas que permiten personalizar el contenido, analizar datos de aprendizaje, y proporcionar retroalimentación más precisa y oportuna a los estudiantes. El objetivo principal de la investigación sobre la integración de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la enseñanza de la historia mundial es evaluar cómo las tecnologías de IA pueden transformar y mejorar los métodos pedagógicos tradicionales en esta disciplina. Específicamente, el estudio busca identificar las perspectivas y desafíos asociados con la aplicación de la IA en la enseñanza de la historia mundial, incluidas las oportunidades para personalizar el aprendizaje, ofrecer experiencias educativas más interactivas y aumentar el acceso a recursos históricos precisos y variados. Se realizó una revisión narrativa para obtener una visión general de la investigación sobre "Integración de la inteligencia artificial en la enseñanza de la historia mundial: perspectivas y desafíos". Se buscaron estudios en bases de datos académicas como Latindex, Scielo, Dialnet, Scopus y Google Académico. En conclusión, la IA puede mejorar la experiencia educativa al proporcionar recursos adaptativos y personalizados que fomenten el aprendizaje activo y el pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes. Además, puede ayudar a los docentes a gestionar mejor el tiempo de enseñanza y aprendizaje, brindando retroalimentación inmediata y creando entornos de aprendizaje más interactivos.
Evans Syndrome: A Rare Case of Concurrent Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia and Immune Thrombocytopenia
Authors: K* Amit
Published: May 2024

Immunological thrombocytopenia (ITP), immune neutropenia, and/or autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) can develop concurrently or sequentially in Evans syndrome (ES), an uncommon illness. Frequent relapses, a heavy therapeutic load, and an elevated risk of infection and thrombosis are its hallmarks, all of which have a substantial impact on survival. Several illnesses, including as lymphoproliferative disorders, other systemic autoimmune diseases, and primary immunodeficiencies, can be categorized as primary or secondary to ES. The syndrome has a major influence on survival and quality of life and is frequently severe and sometimes fatal. Effective management of ES requires prompt therapy, including anti-infectious and anti-thrombotic prophylaxis.
The Importance of Anatomical Knowledge for the Practice of Forensic Anthropology
Authors: Pileggi Beatriz Carmona Ferreira
Published: May 2024

In the Forensic Anthropology practice, one of the objectives is to determine the biological profile of unidentified individuals, that is, to estimate height, age, sex, and ancestry from human remains [
Alterations in Immunology in Three Sizes of Black Jaw Tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) Exposed to Dimethoate in the Laboratory
Authors: CE Onwujiariri , PA Okeke , CA Onwujiariri , AK Nwankwo
Published: May 2024

Three different sizes of Black Jaw Tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) were subjected to dimethoate exposure in the laboratory, and changes in their immunology were observed. The fish were treated with the chemical for 15 days at five different concentrations: 0.00 (control), 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 mg/L. The trial involved the assessment of six water quality variables, including temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, and ammonia. After the experiment, blood samples from the fish were obtained, and standard laboratory procedures were used to look for immunological profiles in them. Based on all the parameters evaluated, the findings indicated that the chemical had a detrimental effect on the organism even at the lower concentration (0.05 mg/L) over the duration of time (15 days). The findings also showed that the values for ammonia and nitrite increased in proportion to the chemical’s concentration. At the same time, the dissolved oxygen levels dropped (P<0.05). While temperature, pH and salinity were all within the same range for every chemical concentration. However, the chemical significantly distorted the immunological profiles of S.melanotheron, with increasing leucocytosis. Following exposure to this chemical, there are substantial decreases (monocytopenia) and significant increases (P<0.05) in the number of each cell type as well as in the number of lymphocytes (lymphocytosis), eosinophils (eosinophilia), and neutrophils (neutropenia). The study showed that the chemical has a dose-dependent effect on the fish’s immune system. Therefore, care should be exercised when applying this chemical in close proximity to an aquatic environment.
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anticoagulant Properties of Chitosan Extracted From Mole Crab, Emerita emeritus (Linnaeus, 1767)
Authors: R Shanthi , MR Sivakumar , F Abisha Adline , S Sowmiya , S Chitra
Published: May 2024

The present study evidences the immunological properties of chitosan extracted from the shells of Emerita emeritus which includes antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticoagulant activity. The extraction proceeded by subjecting the shells to demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation reactions. The presence of chitosan was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity of chitosan displayed maximum inhibition for Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa when compared to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Similarly, the extracted chitosan highly inhibited Candida albicans than Aspergillus fumigatus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of chitosan for different bacterial and fungal strains was also documented. The free radical scavenging activity of chitosan using 1,1-diphenyl2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), increased by 60.40%. The anticoagulant activity of chitosan was discovered when mixed with chicken blood. Overall, the study emphasizes the conversion of aquaculture waste products like crustacean exoskeleton into a beneficial chitosan and signifies the effectiveness of chitosan against invading microbes in aquaculture.
Preliminary Determination of Organic Carbon Content in Seagrass Bed at Ao Pae, Rayong Province, Thailand
Authors: Salaenoi Jintana , P Sawekwan , P Intanil , J Salaenoi
Published: May 2024

Seagrass meadows play crucial roles in delivering ecosystem services to various organisms and environmental systems, particularly in efficiently capturing and storing carbon. Thus, seagrasses are included in plans to address climate change challenges. However, there is limited data on carbon sequestration by seagrass in Thailand, especially in localized areas. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the carbon storage in both sediments and seagrass at Ao Pae, Rayong Province. The analysis focused on sediment depth and the impact of moisture content. Sediment and seagrass samples were collected during the low tide season during May 2022. The sampling area was divided into two zones: one with seagrass presence (9 stations) and another where seagrass was absent (4 stations). Sediment was collected from a depth of 60 cm, divided into six layers of 10 cm each. Results indicated that the highest organic carbon content was observed in sediment at depths of 0-10 cm (22.82±2.08%). Additionally, the organic carbon content showed a significant correlation with sediment moisture content in the area with seagrass presence (p<0.05). Furthermore, the mean belowground organic carbon (1.93±0.29%) exceeded the aboveground carbon (1.66±0.28%), and sediments from stations with seagrass had higher organic carbon content compared to those without seagrass. These findings underscore the potential role of seagrass as a significant carbon sequester in Ao Pae, Rayong Province.
A Case of Brachial Plexus Schwannoma Presenting as a Cystic Neck Swelling
Authors: Chatterjee Sanjay , A Yawalikar , S Jeyakumar , S Desai
Published: May 2024

Schwannomas are benign tumours arising from Schwann cells of the neural sheath. They are rarely seen to arise from the brachial plexus. Brachial plexus schwannomas present as a swelling over lateral neck, supraclavicular region or axilla. Symptoms may include pain, sensory changes, weakness etc. Around 5% of these schwannomas may turn malignant. Although rare, cystic neck swellings can be due to cystic degeneration of a schwannoma. A preoperative evaluation is of utmost importance and in cases of neck swellings which are producing symptoms, a pre-operative MRI should be done to reach the diagnosis before taking the patient in the OT. Presented is a case of lateral neck swelling with mild tingling sensation over arm of the same side.
Fixation of Terrible Triad Fracture in Young Adult through Anterior Approach – A Case Report
Authors: Jangir Rajat , M Kumar , R Singh
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The terrible triad of the elbow is defined as the combination of fractures of the radial head and ulnar coronoid process and dislocation of the elbow joint, and is often associated with collateral ligaments injuries. Objective: The objective is to report the clinical outcomes of an anterior surgical approach for coronoid fracture with plate fixation in the management of a case of terrible triad fracture with undisplaced radial head. Case Details: A 23 years old male presented with complaints of pain and swelling in right wrist and left elbow region since 1 day. He had a history of fall from height 1 day back with no known comorbidities or DNVD. Conclusion: Terrible triad fracture can be treated successfully with plate fixation through an anterior surgical approach in cases of undisplaced radial head with physiological range of motion at elbow which allows for accurate reduction and rigid internal fixation and early functional exercise, resulting in a favourable outcome.
Autism Spectrum Disorder; is it a Neurodiversity that Needs Coping or A Disease that Needs Cure?!!!
Authors: Zaky Eman Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Neurodevelopmental diseases are disorders that typically start early in life and have long percussions on all domains of an individual’s life; social, academic, and occupational. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a classic example of such disorders manifesting before the age of 3 years by impairment of social interaction and communication with stereotyped, repititive, and ritualistic pattern of behavior, interests, and activities [
Preliminary Study for Gatekeepers Self-Efficacy Scale among Resident Assistants (GSS- RA)
Authors: Heo Jungyeong , M Swanbrow Becker , I Paek , H Miller
Published: May 2024

As the importance of promoting college student mental health increases and campuses work to prevent suicide, resident assistants (RAs) are called upon to serve as gatekeepers to facilitate professional help as a part of suicide prevention initiatives on campuses. However, assessing the efficacy of suicide prevention training is lacking. This study develops and validates the Gatekeepers Self-Efficacy Scale among resident assistants (RAs) based on the Question, Persuade, Response suicide prevention model. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Parallel Analysis, and Multidimensional Graded Response model (MGRM) were used with 302 RAs sample. Two factors were found, (1) Communicating about Crisis and (2) Knowledge of Resources, with appropriate item fit and parameter estimates. The response patterns of the two factors and their correlations with objective suicide prevention knowledge were estimated and discussed. The implications of these findings for practical application are discussed, along with suggestions for future studies.
Relationship between Attachment and the Development of Religiosity in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Louca Eleonora Papaleontiou
Published: May 2024

As we know from the literature, a secure attachment bond also entails a number of beneficial effects on the development of the developing human being. In particular, in addition to autonomy, it has been found to be associated already in infancy with positive social interactions (NICHD, 2001), social skills (such as empathy, cooperation, etc.) better academic performance during school age, as well as healthy self-esteem and a strong sense of identity in adulthood
The Royal Marsden BRIDgE TRE Transparency Project
Authors: Scerri Lisa , Adams Naimh
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe BRIDgE platform is the Royal Marsden’s Trusted Research environment, which aims to transform clinical practice and improve outcomes for patients by enabling data analytics and AI development using real-world cancer data within secure, collaborative, cloud-based workspaces. This project evaluated the BRIDgE website against the new UK Health Data Research UK Transparency Standards, leading to changes to implement the following: Open Access Application form and Guidance (Standard 1), Transparent Access Process and Criteria (Standard 2), Clear website navigation (Standard 3), Consider Target Audience (Standard 4), Regular Review of Website Content (Standard 5), and Transparency of Data Use and Auditing (Standard 6). Our primary aim was to improve the content and sign posting so that patients and researchers would be better informed, resulting in increased website traffic and requests via our Contact Us page.
MethodsInformation about the transparency project and the updates to the website were presented to a patient panel for feedback and a leaflet was co-designed with patient representatives.
ResultsChanges included a new BRIDgE home page, which was re-designed to make navigation simpler and clearer, improved signposting, so both patients and researchers were aware of the sections meant for their consumption, such as the new Researchers’ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) page, which contained detailed instructions on how to request data, the governance workflow and costing structure. Finally, we expanded the Research Projects and Publications page, and added a Case Study from one of the Researchers, detailing their personal experience on the platform.
ConclusionsWe anticipate that the impact of this project will be that patients will be more informed about Trusted Research Environments in general and what BRIDgE specifically enables in terms of innovative research and data security, leading to greater assurance for patients that their data is being used securely for their benefit. Researchers will get the benefit of the new FAQ page, which includes a great deal more information than was previously available about the platform, the data access methods, and the governance processes. We envisage that this will lead to more traffic on the site and a greater number of requests for information and workspaces via the Contact Us page. Finally, the patient leaflet will be the first time that patients in our waiting areas will be able to read about research informatics at the Royal Marsden and the work of our data scientists, in paper form.
The resources developed using the funding from the transparency project are the revamped BRIDgE website https://www.cancerbrc.org/BRIDgE and (soon to be published) patient leaflet.
Instrumento para avaliação de autopercepção de competências de agentes comunitários de saúde para o atendimento de mulheres em situação de violência doméstica
Authors: Grein Taiana Aparecida Duarte , Duarte Lúcia Rondelo
Published: May 2024

O instrumento para avaliação de autopercepção de competências sobre violência doméstica foi desenvolvido no modelo de questionário autoaplicável, subdividido em duas partes e quatro domínios. A Parte I contém variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais do ACS. A Parte II contempla os domínios de competências: domínio A - competências para o acolhimento de mulheres em situação de violência doméstica; domínio B - competências no atendimento de situações de violência doméstica em relação à comunicação; domínio C - competências para identificar situações de violência doméstica e domínio D - competências para intervir nas situações de violência doméstica. Cada domínio recebeu um título e um preâmbulo explicativo sobre o conceito investigado. O questionário de avaliação de autopercepção de competências foi submetido a avalição por juízes em dois ciclos. No primeiro ciclo participaram 30 juízes e no segundo ciclo foram 22 juízes.
Acercamiento etnográfico-sociológico a las entrevistas de élite
Authors: Venables Brito Juan Pablo
Published: May 2024

Se presenta la experiencia de acceder a entrevistas con individuos de la élite política y económica chilena para una investigación. En el marco del trabajo se justifica la importancia de escrutar a las élites, para luego desarrollar, extensamente y en términos etnográficos, los hechos y situaciones que permitieron el diálogo. A partir de esta práctica y de la literatura sobre el tema, se reflexiona sobre el acceso a este tipo de entrevistados y los aspectos que se deben considerar en el encuentro. Se propone, asimismo, un enfoque ético diferente que sea de utilidad para quienes se adentren en este tipo de estudios, elusivos por definición.
O paradoxo da Escherichia coli como bioindicador
Authors: Pequeno Lucas Alves Batista , Carolino Mayara Pereira , Carvalho Marilda Nascimento , El-Deir Soraya  Giovanetti
Published: May 2024

É possível perceber na literatura diversas pesquisas voltadas ao estudo e ao monitoramento da Escherichia coli (Theodor Escherich) em águas para consumo humano. Costumeiramente, este organismo está associado ao termo bioindicador. A partir de uma visão biocêntrica da natureza e entendendo-se que os bioindicadores são seres vivos típicos de um ambiente ou introduzido ativamente pelo homem com o intuito de monitorar uma característica do ecossistema, este artigo objetiva lançar um olhar sobre a E. coli como um indicador biológico de contaminação fecal em detrimento da terminologia bioindicador. Sendo assim, trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com levantamento de dados secundários. Com o emprego de uma metodologia que denota o potencial de bioindicação de uma espécie, foi realizada uma ponderação para cada um dos aspectos definidos, atribuindo pesos que variam de acordo com a relevância do parâmetro para apontar um indicador biológico ideal. Mediante os resultados, foi possível observar que as definições dadas pela literatura para classificar uma espécie como bioindicadora não se aplica a E. coli, sendo a terminologia “indicador biológico” mais adequada. Todavia, a bactéria pode fornecer uma indicação biológica ideal, pois alcançou 78 pontos em uma escala de bioindicação, de pontuação máxima igual a 100.
Formas de orquestração da inovação em arranjos produtivos locais
Authors: Lobo Ezequiel Alves , Cruz Neto Luis Alves da Silva , Tahim Elda Fontenele , Câmara Samuel Façanha
Published: May 2024

Gerar inovação é uma atividade complexa e não linear, sendo importante compreender como orquestra-la nos mais diversos ambientes. Desta forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar como as formas de orquestração afetam o nível de aprendizado e inovação em dois Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs), um do setor moveleiro e outro de calçados. A pesquisa possui uma abordagem exploratória descritiva, e tem como base a Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS). Os dados foram coletados através de questionários aplicados presencialmente com empresas dos APLs de Marco e Crajubar. Os resultados apontam, que na rede de móveis ocorre uma orquestração dominante e está, possui um maior nível de inovação. Já na rede de calçados, ficou evidente que nenhum ator a lidera, o que configura uma orquestração consensual. Além disso, foi constatado que que não há diferença com relação ao nível de aprendizado entre os APLs, independente da forma de orquestração.
Palavras-chave: Arranjo Produtivo Local; Rede; Ator; Orquestração; Inovação.
Environmental history of the Csorna Plain (Western Danube Plain, NW Hungary) from the Late Glacial to the Late Holocene as seen from data of multiproxy geoarchaeological investigations
Authors: Törőcsik Tünde , Gulyás Sándor , Sümegi Pál , Sümegi Balázs , Molnár Dávid , Benyó-Korcsmáro Réka
Published: May 2024

This study presents the results of a comprehensive geoarchaeological study implemented at an archeological site covering ca. 5 ha near the city of Csorna on the NW part of the Danube Plain, NW Hungary. The site itself exposed a complex fluvial system of an ice age creek with near bank and overbank areas (levee, point bar, back swamp). Spatial distribution of archeological features allowed for the interpretation of differential use of the fluvial landscape by different cultures. According to our data, the referred fluvial system must have emerged during the Late Glacial. At this time, creeks originating from hills to the SE followed a uniform NW trajectory. From the Holocene, small creeks were beheaded turning into inactive flood channels. It was the time when the gradual infilling of the floodplain started. Alternating layers of floodwater coarses and floodplain fines mark recurring floods at our site. These could have been correlated with cooler, wetter climatic phases of the North Atlantic, Western Europe and high stands in Central European lakes. Highest floods are recorded during the Late Bronze and Iron Ages besides the Neolithic. Pollen data enabled us to make inferences on the vegetation as well.
Roman Period well fills resulting from using and abandonment in environment of a river valley (Kwiatków site, Central Poland)
Authors: Piotrowska Magdalena , Okupny Daniel , Twardy Juliusz , Forysiak Jacek
Published: May 2024

The research was conducted at the Kwiatków site,1 in the Koło Basin (Central Poland). It included a fragment of a low terrace and the valley floor of the Warta river valley. The archaeological investigation documented over 100 wells that archaeological material indicates are associated with the Przeworsk culture. Geomorphological, lithological and geochemical studies were carried out at the archaeological sites and their surroundings. Selected for the presentation were two wells whose fillings were carefully tested and subjected to geochemical and lithological analyses. The wells showed a slightly different content of artifacts, as well as differences in their grain-size distributions, the structure of their filling deposits, and their geochemistry. This allows us to conclude that the two wells were used differently, but also probably about a different course for how each well was filled after the end of its operation.
Consequences of climate change for farming and rural areas
Authors: Czapiewska Gabriela
Published: May 2024

Considerable climate changes have been observed in the last 50 years – warming in every spatial scale (global, continental, regional and local), changes in atmospheric precipitation and several weather extremes, shrinking of cryosphere and sea level rise. The warming since the mid-20th century has predominantly been due to greenhouse gas emissions from human activities, in particular the combustion of fossil fuels, farming and other changes in land use. The paper presents the aspects of impact of climate change for farming and food security and the impact of farming for climate change in Polish and global scale. Agriculture holds a meaningful potential of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and of carbon sequestration. It will be necessary to manage optimally advantageous changes and effectively adapt to adverse changes.
Unique finds in palynological spectra: acetolyze resistant vegetative forms of freshwater dinoflagellate based on the Lake Młynek record from northeastern Poland
Authors: Bińka Krzysztof , Welc Fabian , Nitychoruk Jerzy , Sieradz Dominika , Lewczuk Antoni
Published: May 2024

The freshwater dinoflagellate represent microfossils which are very rarely noted in lake deposits. In Late Holocene sediments of the Lake Młynek, the Iława Lakeland, northern Poland, we identified intense blooms of algae of the genus Palatinus. They occurred primarily in the period of strong human impact during expansion of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Order. The most amazing thing is that samples in which conventional palynological maceration has been used dinoflagellate are represented by armored vegetative forms instead of cysts. During this laboratory processes, especially acetolysis, cellulosic thecae of armored forms should be destructed. This is the second known example of acetolysis resistant thecae of modern dinoflagellate, built by substance other than cellulose. Palatinus blooms were associated probably with the hydrotechnical works made by Teutonic Knights in the catchment, which caused supply and discharge of micronutrients e.g. selenium in the basin.
Electrical resistivity tomography for geo-engineering investigation of subsurface defects: a case study of Etioro-Akoko highway, Ondo State, southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Akingboye Adedibu Sunny , Osazuwa Isaac Babatunde , Mohammed Muraina Zaid
Published: May 2024

The durability of roads is dependent on the proper screening of the variations in subsurface geological characteristics and conditions through geo-engineering investigations and good construction practices. In this study, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) technique was used to investigate the subsurface defects and potential failures along the substrate of Etioro-Akoko highway, Ondo State, southwestern Nigeria. Results of the inverse model resistivity sections generated for the two investigated traverses showed four distinct subsurface layers. The shallow clayey topsoil, weathered layer, and partially weathered/fractured bedrock have resistivity values ranging from 4–150 ohm-m, 10–325 ohm-m, and 205–800 ohm-m, with thickness values of 0–2 m, 0.5–12.5 m, and less than few meters to > 24 m, respectively. The fresh bedrock is characterised by resistivity generally in excess of 1000 ohm-m. The bedrock mirrored gently to rapidly oscillating bedrock troughs and relatively inclined deep penetrating multiple fractures: F1–F’1, F2–F’2 and F3–F’3, with floater in-between the first two fractures. These delineated subsurface characteristic features were envisaged as potential threats to the pavement of the highway. Pavement failures in the area could be attributed to the incompetent clayey sub-base/substrate materials and the imposed stresses on the low load-bearing fractured bedrock and deep weathered troughs by heavy traffics. Anticipatory construction designs that included the use of competent sub-base materials and bridges for the failed segments and fractured zones along the highway, respectively, were recommended.
Intra-individual variability of dental enamel δ13C and δ18O values in Late Pleistocene cave hyena and cave bear from Perspektywiczna Cave (southern Poland)
Authors: Czernielewski Michał , Krajcarz Magdalena , Krajcarz Maciej T.
Published: May 2024

An important source of palaeoecological and palaeoenvironmental information is intra-specimen variability of isotopic composition of mammal tooth enamel. It reflects seasonal or behavioral changes in diet and climate occurring during a life of the animal. While well-known in ungulates, in carnivorans this variability is poorly recognized. However, carnivoran remains are amongst the most numerous in the Pleistocene fossil record of terrestrial mammals, so their isotopic signature should be of particular interest. The aim of the study was to verify if enamel of a fossil cave hyena (Crocuta crocuta spelaea) and a cave bear (Ursus ingressus) records any regular inter- or intra-tooth isotopic variability. We examined intra-individual variability of δ13C and δ18O values in permanent cheek teeth enamel of fossil cave hyena and cave bear from the site of the Perspektywiczna Cave (southern Poland). We conclude that the isotopic variability of the cave hyena is low, possibly because enamel mineralization took place when the animals still relied on a uniform milk diet. Only the lowermost parts of P3 and P4 enamel record a shift toward an adult diet. In the case of the cave bear, the sequence of enamel formation records periodic isotopic changes, possibly correlating with the first seasons of the animal life.
Entrepreneurship-based Biotechnology Textbook; User Review
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Sembiring Dian Arisandy Eka Putra , Hendra Robi
Published: May 2024

As a medium, textbooks certainly have a role in the learning environment of students, including in biotechnology lectures. This study aims to reveal the practicality of entrepreneurship-based biotechnology textbooks. The method used was descriptive analysis. Respondents consisted of students and lecturers. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire, and uses an instrument in the form of a user questionnaire sheet. Data analysis was carried out descriptively to determine the point of view of book users. The assessment results show that the textbook is categorized as very practical. The textbook is known to have fulfilled the aspects of usefulness, ease, and time of use. It is hoped that this textbook can be widely used, especially in biotechnology and entrepreneurship courses.
Optimization of the Educational Experience in Higher Education Using Predictive Artificial Intelligence Models
Authors: Gallastegui Luis Miguel Garay , Forradellas Ricardo Reier
Published: May 2024

Aim: This study investigates the application of machine learning-based predictive models in university education, in order to improve student experience and satisfaction, evaluating the effectiveness of these tools in a modern educational context.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research analyzes the strategic transformation in higher education, driven by digitalization and the evolving expectations of students and the labor market. The crucial role of AI-based predictive models in this change is explored.
 
Methodology: A methodology combining opportunity identification and business case development in educational settings is employed. The approach focuses on business design and experimental machine learning techniques, emphasizing model accuracy, evaluation of the costs of inaccurate predictions, and ethics in data manipulation.
 
Results: The predictive models achieved 95.7% accuracy in predicting student satisfaction, showing a significant positive correlation between teaching personalization and student satisfaction. These results highlight the ability of the models to influence educational decisions that improve the student experience and underscore their adaptability to specific learning needs, thus contributing to a more personalized and effective education.
 
Discussion: The importance of balancing the adoption of advanced technologies with the maintenance of a student-centered pedagogical approach is emphasized. The methodology used to identify modeling heuristics highlights how strategic decisions can guide the technical development of AI models, ensuring that solutions are not only innovative, but also aligned with educational needs.
 
Research Implications: The approach taken suggests that the application of predictive models has the potential to radically transform teaching and learning, aligning them with the demands of the digital future.
 
Originality/Value: The proposed machine learning model is revealed as an effective tool to identify areas for improvement in university education. Its high accuracy in classifying students provides a unique perspective on how to improve educational quality and student satisfaction, emphasizing the importance of addressing individual needs for educational improvement.
Teaching and learning natural sciences using augmented reality in preschool and primary education: A literature review
Authors: Lampropoulos Georgios
Published: May 2024

Augmented reality has the potential to transform and enrich Natural Sciences education. This is particularly true in preschool and primary education. This study aims to provide a literature review regarding the use of augmented reality in preschool and primary education to teach and learn Natural Sciences, Astronomy, Biology, Chemistry, Earth and Environmental sciences, and Physics. A total of 63 related studies are examined. Based on the results, augmented reality emerged as a valuable and effective educational tool that can improve teaching and learning of Natural Sciences and its branches (e.g., Astronomy, Biology, Chemistry, Earth and Environmental sciences, and Physics) in kindergarten and elementary schools. Students, teachers, and parents expressed positive attitudes and emotions about the use of augmented reality in education. Students that learned through augmented reality applications achieved better learning outcomes than those who learned through traditional means and methods. Specifically, augmented reality helped students acquire a deeper understanding of the concepts taught, improved their self-learning, and increased their engagement, motivation, comprehension, flow, and academic performance. Augmented reality can also help teachers provide lessons of high quality. Moreover, the ability of augmented reality to support both formal and informal learning was evident. Augmented reality also effectively supported collaborative learning, scaffolding, and experiential learning and enabled students to communicate and interact with their peers, surrounding environment, and digital content. Finally, augmented reality arose as an educational means that can improve students' ecological empathy as well as environmental consciousness and awareness. Based on the findings, implications and future research directions are provided.
El manuscrito andante: las misteriosas vicisitudes del Códice florentino entre México e Italia (1577-1587)
Authors: Kenrick Kruell Gabriel
Published: May 2024

En este artículo hablaré de la fortuna temprana de la Historia universal de las cosas de la Nueva España del franciscano Bernardino de Sahagún. A finales de los años setentas del siglo XVI, esta obra fue enviada a Felipe II, posiblemente a través del comisario general de la orden franciscana Rodrigo de Sequera. En la corte de Madrid, el manuscrito fue ricamente encuadernado, y al poco tiempo, donado a la familia Medici, que gobernaba entonces el Gran Ducado de Toscana. Investigaciones recientes, apuntan a que fue el cardenal Fernando de Medici (1549-1609), quien recibió los códices sahaguntinos en Roma y comisionó una traducción al italiano del texto castellano del primer tomo de la obra. Este traslado al italiano, realizado probablemente entre 1585 y 1587, se encuentra actualmente en poder de la Hispanic Society of America de New York (Ms. B1479). Además de presentar las características codicológicas y filológicas más sobresalientes de esta traducción, mostraré cómo su estudio puede arrojar nuevas luces sobre la historia temprana del manuscrito de Sahagún, demostrando su tránsito por Roma, antes de llegar a su morada definitiva en Florencia, y su vinculación con otro documento italiano muy importante para los mexicanistas modernos, el Códice vaticano A.
Editorial
Authors: Castaño Pareja Yoer Javier
Published: May 2024

En este número de la revista Historia y Espacio, el lector se encontrará con un dossier que fue propuesto y coordinado por los doctores Fernando Ciaramitaro y Andrea Mutolo, y que versará sobre las relaciones diplomáticas, intelectuales, económicas y políticas establecidas entre México e Italia en una perspectiva de larga duración. De tal manera, la historia conectada, tan en boga en nuestros días y cuyo método invita a transcender nuestras observaciones más allá de las fronteras nacionales, es la protagonista en este volumen que se adentra en explorar tanto las conexiones y permeabilidades entre variados mundos o culturas como las interdependencias entre diferentes escalas espaciales. En esta oportunidad, nos sentimos muy afortunados de contar con la participación de respetados autores adscritos a instituciones extranjeras de reconocido prestigio que desde diversas perspectivas y enfoques analizan los vigorosos lazos e interacciones que, desde el período colonial, se han generado entre ambos espacios de los continentes americano y europeo.
Una nueva narrativa en el pensamiento económico y social
Authors: Muñoz Orozco Javier
Published: May 2024

El presente estudio analizó algunas de las ideas que rigen el pensamiento de las personas en su comunicación incesante dentro del área económica del sistema social y que están en la base de la narrativa que los impulsa a actuar. El propósito fue encontrar los elementos de una nueva narrativa para la época actual. Las ideas y propuestas analizadas en las obras de cinco autores en el campo de las ciencias sociales, sirvieron de guía a la investigación. Se observaron las indicaciones de la Teoría Fundamentada (Glaser y Strauss, 1967/2006) y del método cualitativo empleado por Herzberg (1959), con la finalidad de encontrar el metadiscurso, que es la esencia del pensamiento en el contenido subyacente de las ideas expresadas (Hyland, 1998). Se encontró que las relaciones de empatía y compasión, como base de las relaciones éticas entre personas y grupos, marcan ahora el rumbo de la actuación en sociedad.
Changes in Concentration of Carbon Dioxide and Temperature in University Classrooms
Authors:   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia, Kauce Rūta , Veignere Elizabete ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia, Konopecka Vita ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia, Edelmers Edgars ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia, Sprūdža Klinta Luīze ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia, Neļķe Valters ,   Riga Technical University, Latvia, Citskovska Elizabete ,   Riga Technical University, Latvia, Šipilova Viktorija ,   Riga Technical University, Latvia, Čikuts Matīss ,   Riga Technical University, Latvia, Skrebele Elizabete ,   Riga Technical University, Latvia, Martinsone Žanna ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia, Borodinecs Anatolijs ,   Riga Technical University, Latvia
Published: May 2024

This study aims to observe variations in temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide concentrations in university classrooms without mechanical ventilation throughout the day. Over three days, two classrooms in Riga Stradiņš University, equipped solely with natural ventilation, were evaluated for variations in indoor air quality. Observations were recorded using the Aranet4 sensor during actual study sessions with varying numbers of occupants, and ventilation periods marked by window operations. The recorded parameters were compared with established indoor air quality guidelines. The results showed that the relative humidity remained within the ideal range (40%-60%) throughout the observation period. Indoor temperature varied between 18 °C to 26 °C, with noticeable increases during practical study sessions and decreases during ventilation periods. The carbon dioxide levels consistently exceeded the safe limit of 1000 ppm during all study sessions, with the time taken to exceed this threshold being directly proportional to the number of occupants. The findings underline the need for strategic ventilation interventions and classroom arrangements, considering occupancy and room size to promote healthier learning environments. Further research incorporating occupant surveys and including diverse educational settings is recommended. Keywords: indoor air quality; natural ventilation; classroom environment; carbon dioxide; relative humidity; temperature.
Reconstruction of Multiple Location Bedsores
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia, Sprūdža Klinta Luīze , Malzubris Mārtiņš ,   Department of Traumatology, Hospital of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Riga, Latvia
Published: May 2024

Fillet flaps and autografts are reserved as a last resort option of reconstructive surgery and are indicated in extensive, recurrent, or bilateral defects especially caused by spinal trauma, commonly as a result of pressure sores trauma or tumour disease. No early and late-term complications were seen post-operatively that led to improvement in quality of life of the patient. The patient is able to perform a lot of daily routines – replacement of a long urinary catheter, getting dressed, is aware of the health condition, and behaves responsibly. An auto-flap creation with the right leg exarticulation was a reconstructive manipulation to maximise physiology and integrity of the spinal trauma patient. In the evaluated clinical case, fillet flaps and autografts were reserved as a last resort option for reconstructive surgery and were indicated because of extensive, recurrent, bilateral pressure sores caused by immobility. Keywords: reconstruction; bedsores.
Microbiological Findings, Infection Risk Factors and Complications Among Children after Tracheostomy
Authors:   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia, Daina Marta , Grantiņa Ineta ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia; Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Latvia, Tomiņa Katrīna ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia; Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Latvia
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Bacterial infection of the respiratory tract is highly common among pediatric patients with tracheostomy, yet there is no wide knowledge about the prevalence of different airway microbes, the incidence of bacterial infection, infection risk factors, and complications. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of airway microbes, the incidence of bacterial infection, infection risk factors, and complications. Methods. Retrospective data of officially reported cases were collected from 2018 to 2022 at Riga Children's Clinical University Hospital (RCCUH). Demographic factors, airway microbiological findings, tracheostomy-related complications, underlying conditions, and outcomes for 37 patients were gathered from the hospital's database Andromeda. The data were analyzed using MS Excel. This study received ethical approval from RSU Ethics Committee. Results. Microbiological analyses were done in 78.3% (n=29) of the cases. Most cultures were obtained from airway aspirate. Altogether 46 different species of microbes were identified. The most frequently identified bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (in 72.4% of the cases; n=21) and Staphylococcus aureus (65.5%; n=19). Forty-eight percent (n=18) of the patients had respiratory tract infections that required hospitalization. Overall, there were 60 hospitalization episodes of which 51.6% (n=31) were caused by pulmonary bacterial infection, 25.0% (n=15) by non-bacterial infection, and 0.05% (n=3) because of local wound infection. The rest 18.3% (n=11) of hospitalization episodes were due to granulation tissue. The risk factor that showed the greatest significance in the development of bacterial infection was ventilator dependency. Formation of granulation tissue in the airways was found to be the most common complication among pediatric patients with tracheostomy. Conclusion. This study summarizes the most common pathogens, risk factors, and complications, which should be considered while treating pediatric patients after tracheostomy. The results of this study demonstrate that P. aeruginosa and S. aureus have the highest prevalence among these patients. This research is currently used to develop guidelines for pediatric patients with tracheostomy care in RCCUH. Keywords: pediatric tracheostomy; respiratory infections; tracheostomy complications.
Relationship Between Personality Factors and Cooperation Level of Adult Patients During Invisalign Treatment: a Pilot Study
Authors:   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia, Beļajevs Dāniels , Jākobsone Gundega ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia
Published: May 2024

Keywords: personality factors; Invisalign.