bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Goji Berries (Lycium Barbarum) Extract and Some Nanoparticles Loaded on Gelatin Film in Chemical Properties of Labneh
Authors: Shihab Oroba Bahjat , Jassim Mohammed Ahmed , Zehraw Hashim Mohammed
Published: October 2021

This study is conducted to evaluate the effect of Lycium barbarum extract (Goji berries), Chitosan nanoparticle (ChNPs), titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2 NPs) loaded on Gelatin films in terms of the chemical composition of labneh during different storage periods. The samples were divided into seven treatment procedures, include (T1) non-coated labneh, (T2) labneh coated with Gelatin membranes, (T3) labneh coated with Gelatin membranes and Lycium barbarum extract, (T4) labneh coated with Gelatin films and ChNPs, (T5) labneh coated with Gelatin films treated TiO2 NPs, (T6) Labneh coated with Gelatin films, Lycium barbarum, ChNPs, (T7) Labneh coated with Gelatin films, Lycium barbarum, TiO2 NPs. The results showed that the moisture percentage decreased significantly (p <0.05) untilthe end of the storage period, and treatment T6 was less in the rate of moisture loss (72.35%). It was also found that the ratios of protein, fat, ash, did not show significant differences at the time of one day compared with the two control samples T1 and T2, These percentages increased gradually as the duration of preservation was prolonged and reached their highest values at the time of 14 days. The pH values decreased significantly between (4.36-4.32) at the end of the storage period, compared with the two control samples T1 and T2, which were at 4.16 and 4.23, respectively. It was found that the fatty acid values of all treatments were significantly low compared with the control treatment T1 at the time of one dayThe free fatty acid ratios increased and reached their highest values between (0.29 - 0.32) for all treatments compared with the two control treatments T1 and T2 at the end of the storage period which amounted to (0.39 and 0.35) %.
Preparation of Hollow Fiber Membrane Containing ZnO Nanoparticles to Remove Natural Organic Matter
Authors: Abdulkarim Abdullah Adnan , Mahdi Yosra Mohammed , Mohammed Haider Jasim
Published: October 2021

Polyethersulfone/zinc oxide mixed matrix hollow fiber membrane was fabricated using dry/wet phase inversion method. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (2 wt.%) were dispersed in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent in the present of polyvinylepyrrolidene. The dope solution speed and take up speed was similar with performing the spinning process at room temperature. The produced membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Membrane performance was evaluated using pure water flux (PWF), relative flux ration (RFR), and total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency. From SEM analysis, it was found that the nanoparticles were well dispersed in the polymeric matrix. From AFM results, it was observed that the modified membrane has higher surface roughness. The PWF of the modified membrane was enhanced, while the RFR showed to increase due to rougher membrane surface. The NOM remaoval of PES/ZnO membrane was higher than that of PES membrane and reached to 27% compared to only 16.9 % for pristine PES.
Palabras del Presidente
Authors: Hilario Aquino Wilder Sergio
Published: October 2021

Este 2018, con el reto de recuperar el espacio perdido en múltiples escenarios y requerimientos de la sociedad, la Junta de Decanos de Colegios de Contadores Públicos del Perú propone la primera edición de la revista LA JUNTA. Revista de innovación e investigación contable, publicación en formato digital, que busca servir como un medio para el desarrollo de la cualidad y el profesionalismo de investigar en las diversas áreas de la especialidad de Contabilidad. Bajo esta premisa, se espera que la revista sea el espacio óptimo para poder publicar el análisis, la contrastación y las conclusiones más relevantes para la lectura y consulta del público interesado.
La regulación en la calidad del trabajo de auditoría: análisis global para un contexto local (Perú)
Authors: Álvarez López Alberto , Morales Alvarado Lorenza
Published: October 2021

En los últimos años, los hechos ocurridos respecto de fraude y corrupción han originado que los países busquen mecanismos que salvaguarden la información financiera, en primer lugar, a través del cumplimiento de normas emitidas por organismos como IFAC, que promueve la aplicación de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF), las Normas Internacionales de Auditoría (NIA) y las Normas Internacionales de Control de Calidad (NICC). Bajo este contexto, la presente investigación evalúa la aplicación de la NIA 220- Control de la Calidad de la Auditoría de los Estados Financieros y su relación con la NICC 1, analizando las propuestas para la mejora de la normativa internacional. Además, se expone cuál es la situación del trabajo actual de la auditoría en el mundo, mencionando casos de otros países en donde existen organismos de control establecidos, así como se recopilan opiniones internacionales respecto de la importancia de la calidad de los trabajos de auditoría. Por último, se atiende al análisis de la adopción de la normativa en el Perú, cuál ha sido su evolución en los últimos años y cuáles son los organismos de control de auditoría existentes.
Aplicación metodológica de la evaluación de la eficiencia a los puertos españoles
Authors: Castelló Taliani Emma , Giralt-Escobar Silvia , Rivera-Galicia Luis F.
Published: October 2021

En este artículo, se analiza la eficiencia económica y operativa de las Autoridades Portuarias españolas (AAPP) en el periodo 2005-2015, utilizando el Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA, Data Envelopment Analysis). En primer lugar, se calculan las medidas de eficiencia de cada AAPP desde un punto de vista operativo y económico; en segundo lugar, se clasifican las AAPP según los niveles de eficiencia alcanzados a lo largo del período de estudio, utilizando el análisis de conglomerados; en tercer lugar, se estudia la interdependencia existente entre los resultados de eficiencia operativa y económica encontrados en las distintas agrupaciones de las AAPP. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que la eficiencia operativa es condición necesaria para ser económicamente eficiente, pero no es condición suficiente, analizando las posibles causas que ocasionan que una eficiencia operativa no siempre se traduce en una eficiencia económica.
Revista Completa Volumen 2 - Número 1
Authors: Díaz Becerra Oscar Alfredo , Morales Alvarado Lorenza
Published: October 2021

La Junta de Decanos de Colegios de Contadores Públicos del Perú, es una Institución de derecho público, siendo el máximo Organismo representativo de la profesión del Contador Público dentro del país y en el exterior, fue creada en noviembre de 1992, por Decreto Ley No 25892 y su reglamento aprobado por Decreto Supremo No 008-93-JUS.
Palabras del Presidente
Authors: León García Juan Javier
Published: October 2021

Es un placer presentar la segunda edición de LA JUNTA. Revista de innovación e investigación contable, cuya esencia revela dos aspectos fundamentales por los que apostamos: una gestión basada en la investigación científica y en el proceso de digitalización.
Editorial
Authors: Morales Alvarado Lorenza
Published: October 2021

LA JUNTA. Revista de innovación e investigación contable, promovida por el Comité de la Junta de Decanos de Colegios de Contadores Públicos del Perú como una revista académica, se centra en tres pilares: promover, impulsar y difundir la producción de artículos sobre temas de actualidad de la Ciencia Contable y disciplinas afines.
Editorial
Authors: Morales Alvarado Lorenza
Published: October 2021

Desde su primera edición, LA JUNTA. Revista de innovación e investigación contable, promovida por el Comité de la Junta de Decanos de Colegios de Contadores Públicos del Perú como una revista académica, cumple con los tres pilares que la caracteriza: promover, impulsar y difundir la producción de artículos sobre temas de actualidad de la ciencia contable y disciplinas afines. En ese sentido, los artículos que fueron seleccionados por el Comité Editorial para esta primera edición del 2020 buscan difundir y facilitar el acceso a nuevos saberes y/o soluciones a la problemática actual en el ámbito empresarial. Así, el contenido ha sido clasificado en cuatro secciones.
Palabras del Presidente
Authors: Regalado Villegas Rogelio
Published: October 2021

Me complace presentar la segunda edición del año 2020 de la Revista Institucional LA JUNTA, realizada durante la gestión 2020 – 2021. Quiero felicitar este esfuerzo profesional y de publicación al que nos tiene acostumbrado nuestro colega representante del Perú ante la AIC, Oscar Alfredo Díaz Becerra, director de la revista, y a todo su equipo de trabajo. Este esfuerzo meritorio lo valoramos mucho más al darse en un contexto tan difícil para el país y el mundo.
Editorial
Authors: Morales Alvarado Lorenza
Published: October 2021

A la vista de la primera edición, LA JUNTA. Revista de innovación e investigación contable, promovida por la Junta de Decanos de Colegios de Contadores Públicos del Perú como una revista académica, cumple con los tres pilares que la caracteriza: promover, impulsar y difundir la producción de artículos sobre temas de actualidad de la ciencia contable y disciplinas afines. En ese sentido, los artículos que fueron seleccionados por el Comité Editorial para esta segunda edición del 2020 buscan difundir y facilitar el acceso a nuevos saberes y/o soluciones a la problemática actual en el ámbito empresarial. Así, el contenido ha sido clasificado en cinco secciones.
El avance de la tecnología y su conectividad con la ética profesional y la responsabilidad social empresarial
Authors: Ramirez Tabraj Eudosio
Published: October 2021

La ética y la responsabilidad social en el ejercicio profesional del contador públicoes un tema de dos realidades: la ética y la responsabilidad social empresarial. Por un lado, la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial – RSE., focalizado en las empresas que tienen que ver el desarrollo de la zona de influencia donde llevan a cabo sus actividades empresariales, permitiendo al grupo de interés la satisfacción en sus necesidades. El otro componente es la Ética Profesional, referida al comportamiento de quienes prestamos servicios profesionales con carácter independiente a las empresas, mediante consultorías, estudios contables, estudios jurídicos, entre otros. Los profesionales de la contabilidad contamos con un Código de Ética, emitida por la Federación Internacional de Contadores (IFAC), contamos con un instrumento normativo de la ética profesional a nivel mundial, como señala el mismo organismo emisor. Sin embargo, en la práctica se desarrollan acciones que no guardan relación con lo que contiene dicho Código, por lo cual, se vulnera casi de manera permanente y sin que se vislumbren sanciones a los infractores. Por otro lado, las empresas mercantiles deben desarrollar sus actividades mercantiles cumpliendo con las normas de ética empresarial que está representado por la reputación empresarial. A partir de todo lo anterior, se concluye por un lado, la ética no se cumple: ni como persona, ni como profesional, y como empresa. En la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, no todas las empresas operan con sus grupos de interés que representa a la comunidad ciudadana, distinta a la comunidad empresarial, sin embargo, su evolución es positiva.
Revista Completa Volumen 4 - Número 1
Authors: Díaz Becerra Oscar Alfredo , Morales Alvarado Lorenza
Published: October 2021

La Junta de Decanos de Colegios de Contadores Públicos del Perú, es una Institución de derecho público, siendo el máximo Organismo representativo de la profesión del Contador Público dentro del país y en el exterior, fue creada en noviembre de 1992, por Decreto Ley No 25892 y su reglamento aprobado por Decreto Supremo No 008-93-JUS.
Análisis de las estrategias didácticas e instrumentos de evaluación del aprendizaje en un entorno virtual en la educación superior profesional. Una referencia a la Universidad Andina del Cusco
Authors: Porcel Guzmán Nery , Gonzales Zarate José Luis , Girón Gutiérrez Juan José , Zúñiga Hermoza Danitza
Published: October 2021

El sistema universitario peruano viene afrontando nuevas tendencias como la deselitización de la educación superior, la deshomogenización, la desautonomización, la desnacionalización, la despresencialización, la internacionalización, la desgratuitarización, gestación de una nueva educación, mayor conciencia ecológica, y la educación virtual. Por ello, la investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las estrategias didácticas y los instrumentos de evaluación del aprendizaje que se deben aplicar en un entorno virtual, para brindar una educación superior de calidad en la coyuntura de la pandemia del COVID-19. La investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo con alcance descriptivo. Se ha revisado la bibliografía y normas legales vinculadasal tema de investigación; con referencia a la Universidad Andina del Cusco aplica el nuevo paradigma educativo de la Competencia integral que tiene como fundamento el modelo filosófico antropológico del paradigma trascendental que valora la persona humana en todas sus dimensiones, prevé la formación profesional, moral, espiritual y social que estimule al estudiante a actuar en orden al bien de la sociedad y de la naturaleza. Asimismo, el presente estudio propone que las estrategias didácticas pueden utilizar: secuenciación de contenidos, conjunto de actividades propuesto a los estudiantes, metodología asociada a cada una y recursos didácticos. Los instrumentos de evaluación del aprendizaje en un entorno virtual, deben centrarse en la teoría yla práctica de la calidad total, proyectándose, hacia un auténtico desarrollo integral humano que evalúe conocimientos, actitudes y valores, habilidades y destrezas, tomando en consideración a la personalidad del estudiante, abandonando la evaluación tradicional, que está orientada a corregir, penalizar, sancionar y calificar.
La enseñanza virtual de contabilidad, retos de universidades de la región centro del Perú
Authors: Hilario Aquino Wilder Sergio , Bustios Martínez Marcos Martin
Published: October 2021

La enseñanza de Contabilidad en el marco del confinamiento COVID-19 en el año 2020 tuvo un inicio forzado y con cierto retraso, con muchos retos y adecuaciones de manera general en infraestructura, a nivel docente, de tecnologías y trabajadores administrativos. Todos ellos obstáculos que las universidades privadas pudieron sortear con mayor facilidad y con los recursos que ameritaba la coyuntura. Estos cambios partieron a partir de la exigencia de la entidad supervisora del sistema universitario peruano, SUNEDU, la cual requería el inicio de clases y el cumplimiento del programa o calendario académico que correspondía a los años 2020-2021. Por lo tanto, las universidades y los programas debían adecuar sus ofertas y acciones ante el nuevo escenario de la educación y formación de futuros contadores. Para ello, se implementaron nuevas plataformas, aulas virtuales, estrategias y evaluación, y se capacitaron a los docentes y el personal administrativo con la finalidad de cumplir con los estándares requeridos por la norma y el mercado. El presente trabajo pretende enunciar acciones y elementos necesarios para ayudar a la reflexión del estado de cada una de las facultades de Contabilidad y las acciones imprescindibles a ejecutar para las nuevas exigencias en la formación de los contadores.
Contrataciones iguales o inferiores a 8 UITs y el Control Interno en la Municipalidad Distrital Colquepata – 2019
Authors: Huallpa Gutierrez Eduardo
Published: October 2021

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo central, describir cómo son las contrataciones iguales o inferiores a 8 UITs, establecer el nivel de evaluación de riesgo en las contrataciones iguales o inferiores a 8 UIT, y establecer la situaciónde las actividades de control en las contrataciones iguales o inferiores a 8 UIT en la Municipalidad Distrital Colquepata - 2019. La investigación es de tipo aplicada a nivel descriptivo, de diseño no experimental, y la muestra es no probabilística, se basa en expedientes de contrataciones de bienes y servicios. Como resultado se obtuvo que existe un cumplimiento parcial de la normativa de contrataciones menores a 8UITs; con respecto al nivel de evaluación de riesgo existe un regular nivel de procedimientos para reaccionar ante los acontecimientos adversos que puedan afectar la consecución de objetivos institucionales; finalmente las actividades de control a las contrataciones se dan de manera regular. Por último, se concluyó que en materia de contrataciones existe un control ínfimo en el cumplimiento de la directiva que establece las contrataciones menores a 8UIT, y esto repercute negativamente en el cumplimiento de objetivos establecidos por la entidad.
Susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos de bactérias isoladas de casos de otite canina
Authors: Ramos Carolina Aparecida , Rezende-Lago Naiá Carla Marchi de , Marchi Patrícia Gelli Feres de , Silva Lidianne Assis , Carvalho Giovanna Amorim de , Vital Jennifer , Brandão Ludmilla da Silva , Messias Cassio Toledo Messias
Published: October 2021

A otite externa canina é uma infecção muito prevalente em cães e gatos por ser causada por diferentes microrganismos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar a prevalência de otites causadas por Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp e Streptococcus spp em cães, além de analisar a susceptibilidade dos microrganismos isolados aos diferentes antibióticos disponíveis. Para realizar essas análises, 18 amostras de exsudato auricular de animais diagnosticados com otite foram coletadas com suabes e analisadas em laboratório de Microbiologia. O exame de antibiograma foi realizado quando constatada a presença de bactérias. O uso inadequado de antibióticos torna alta a prevalência de bactérias resistentes, sendo necessário realizar o antibiograma antes de começar o tratamento.
The Epic Escape Room: Choosing the Best Option for Growth
Authors: Dixon Deirdre , Tompson George H. , Papp Raymond , Hall Abigal R.
Published: October 2021

As Mary Smith finished washing the lunch dishes, she looked out the kitchen window and her son and daughter were engaged in a “battle.” Her daughter had just begun taking dance lessons and her son, a new karate student, appeared to be practicing his defense karate moves on his sister. Mary wanted to spend more time with them, but she had a lot on her mind. At the beginning of 2020, she was facing an inflection point in the strategy of her small business. The most recent upgrade to her product and service design was still not completed, payroll was going to be a challenge again this month and the kids were growing and demanding more and more of her time.

Mary owned and operated Epic Escape Rooms, a single-location escape room in Tampa, Florida. She was also considering how to become a more successful franchisor. At the same time, she had developed a reputation as an excellent designer of escape rooms, and she realized she could sell her designs to other companies in the industry, or, she could focus on owning and operating a chain of her escape rooms. Escape rooms were a growing trend in the entertainment industry. Participants worked in teams to “escape” from a locked room by solving myriad puzzles and problems to obtain clues. Escape rooms were highly suited for team building, leadership development, enhancing communication, and problem solving. They had been successful with corporate groups, professionals such as teachers and nurses, as well as people seeking a fun and challenging experience. The revenue and customer growth over the past four years had been astounding, despite the many challenges to set up a successful location. This case study investigates a local escape room company and the issues facing the owners: expand its number of locations, continue to franchise, or simply offer consulting and advice to prospective and existing businesses. Students are asked to assess each of the options and then develop a strategic plan for the owner.
Codes for NPP severe accident simulation: development, validation and applications
Authors: KISELEV ARKADIY E.
Published: October 2021

The software tools that describe various safety aspects of NPP with VVER reactor have been developed at the Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBRAE RAN). Functionally, the codes can be divided into two groups: the calculation codes that describe separate elements of NPP equipment and/or a group of processes and integrated software systems that allow solving the tasks of the NPP safety assessment in coupled formulation. In particular, IBRAE RAN in cooperation with the nuclear industry organizations has developed the integrated software package SOCRAT designed to analyze the behavior of NPP with VVER at various stages of beyond-design-basis accidents, including the stages of reactor core degradation and long-term melt retention in a core catcher. The general information about development, validation and applications of SOCRAT code is presented and discussed in the paper.
Calculation of excore detector weighting functions for a sodium-cooled TRU burner mockup using MCNP5
Authors: Pham Nhu Viet Ha , Lee Min Jae , Yun Sunghwan , Kim Sang Ji
Published: October 2021

Power regulation systems of fast reactors are based on the signals of excore detectors. The excore detector weighting functions, which establish correspondence between the core power distribution and detector signal, are very useful for detector response analyses, e.g., in rod drop experiments. This paper presents the calculation of the weighting functions for a TRU burner mockup of the Korean Prototype Generation-IV Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (named BFS-76-1A) using the MCNP5 multi-group adjoint capability. For generation of the weighting functions, all fuel assemblies were considered and each of them was divided into ten horizontal layers. Then the weighting functions for individual fuel assembly horizontal layers, the assembly weighting functions, and the shape annealing functions at RCP (Reactor Critical Point) and at conditions under which a control rod group was fully inserted into the core while other control rods at RCP were determined and evaluated. The results indicate that the weighting functions can be considered relatively insensitive to the control rods position during the rod drop experiments and therefore those weighting values at RCP can be applied to the dynamic rod worth simulation for the BFS-76-1A.
SOPTI Meeting 2020: Abstracts
Authors: Zeri Fabrizio
Published: October 2021

The 25th National Conference of the Italian Optometric Association (SOPTI) was held in Verona on January 19–20, 2020. The theme of the conference was “Innovative technologies in Optometry and Contact Lenses”, was arranged in 3 sessions: optometry, contact lenses, and ophthalmology. Three keynote speakers were invited during the conference: Prof. Rigmor C. Baraas from the University of South-Eastern Norway in Kongsberg, Prof. Silvia Tavazzi from University of Milano Bicocca and Dr. Iwan Zanchetta, clinical practice Rothrist, Switzerland. The abstracts from accepted posters and free papers are presented here.
Організаційно-правове вивчення стану формування, розвитку та розповсюдження полінаркоманії у світі та в Україні
Authors: Осинцева Аліна
Published: October 2021

Over the past decade, the dynamics of the prevalence of substance abuse with various classification and legal groups, the growth of illegal circulation of psychoactive substances, falsification of psychoactive alcoholic beverages, alcohol, delinquency and polydrug abuse have become almost epidemic, with combined abuse of psychoactive substances registered mainly among young people. The goal or the study was to review scientific sources on the current state of the problem of formation, development and spread of polydrug abuse in the world and in Ukraine on the principles of medical and pharmaceutical law. To achieve this goal, the methods of regulatory, documentary, comparative, graphical and tabular analysis were used. A review of scientific observations of scientists from around the world and Ukraine found that in the initial stages of polydrug addiction begins with the simultaneous use of psychoactive substances such as alcohol (ethyl alcohol), psychoactive alcohol-containing liquids, beer, psychoactive drugs, tobacco. Explained that the simultaneous (combined, consistent) use of psychoactive substances of different classification and legal groups and psychoactive alcoholic beverages, alcoholic beverages, beer, psychoactive drugs are widespread among different contingents in the early stages of formation and development of polydrug addiction. Established that the most common alcoholic beverage is beer, which contains a combination of several psychoactive substances, so beer addiction is actually a polydrug addiction, it forms and develops faster, and its pharmaceutical correction is more difficult.
Cuatro años de camino en la implementación del Acuerdo Final de Paz entre el Gobierno y las Farc-Ep
Authors: Corredor Consuelo , Ramírez Clara
Published: October 2021

Resumen: Durante décadas, Colombia estuvo en la agenda nacional e internacional de los estudios sobre violencia, por la prolongada duración del conflicto armado, por la diversidad de actores con roles y características diferentes, y especialmente por las serias consecuencias en cuanto a desplazamientos, desapariciones y asesinatos sufridos por amplios sectores de la población, así como por los graves efectos sobre el uso y apropiación de valiosos recursos vinculados a la tierra y a las actividades extractivas. Pasados algo más de cuatro años del proceso de implementación del Acuerdo Final de Paz entre el Gobierno y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia- Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), que por el alcance de los compromisos y por los acuerdos inéditos en justicia transicional ha despertado un gran interés de académicos y políticos en el concierto internacional, en este artículo se presentan algunas reflexiones sobre el contexto en el que se ha desarrollado su implementación, las oportunidades que se han abierto, y los avances y retos que enfrenta, la mayoría de ellas derivadas de los informes realizados por los órganos dispuestos para el seguimiento y verificación de los compromisos adquiridos por las partes.

Four Years in the Way of Implementing the Final Agreement between the Colombia Government and the FARc-EP

Abstract: For decades, Colombia was on the national and international agenda of studies on vio- lence due to the prolonged duration of the armed conflict, due to the diversity of actors with different roles and characteristics, and especially due to the serious consequences of displacement, disappearances and murders suffered by broad sectors of the population, as well as the serious effects on the use and appropriation of valuable resources linked to land and extractive resources. After just over 4 years of implementation of the Agreement with the FARC-EP, Colombia awakens great academic and political interest in the international arena, due to the scope of the commit- ments and unpublished agreements on transitional justice and mechanisms for the sustainability of the achievements.

Keywords: armed conflict, peace negotiations, democracy, victims, land, challenges, alerts.
Luchas de las mujeres excombatientes de las FARC-EP por la reproducción de la vida colectiva en Pondores y Tierra Grata
Authors: González Ferreira Diana Patricia
Published: October 2021

Resumen: Este artículo analiza la implementación del proceso de reincorporación de los y las excombatientes de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC- EP) en los antiguos espacios territoriales de capacitación y reincorporación (ETCR) de Pondores y Tierra Grata en el caribe colombiano. Para ello, en el texto se examina el incumplimiento de los acuerdos, los obstáculos que los y las excombatientes junto con sus familias deben enfrentar cada día, y las estrategias que las exguerrilleras adoptan en su lucha por la producción de común y la reproducción material y simbólica de la vida colectiva.

FARC-EP Female Former Fighters’ Struggle for the Reproduction of Collective Life in Pondores and Tierra Grata

Abstract: This article analyzes the implementation of the reincorporation process of ex-combatants of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia-People’s Army (FA <<RC-EP) in the former Ter- ritorial Spaces for Training and Reincorporation (ETCR) of Pondores and Tierra Grata in the Caribbean region of Colombia. For this, in the text, examines the failure to implement the contents of the agreement, the obstacles that the ex-combatants and their families face in their territories, and the strategies that ex-guerrilla women use in their everyday life struggle to produce the commons as well as the material and symbolic reproduction of collective life.

Keywords: Reincorporation, Women ex-combatants, reproduction of collective life, Production of common.
El rol de las comunidades campesinas de El Pato (Caquetá) en la implementación del punto dos del Acuerdo Final de Paz de La Habana, en momentos de incertidumbre nacional
Authors: Zuluaga García Juano
Published: October 2021

Resumen: La implementación del Acuerdo Final de Paz ha tenido sus avances y retrocesos. Por un lado, el panorama nacional es alarmante: se evidencian altos picos de violencia política; re- configuración de actores armados; asesinato sistemático de líderes sociales,   reincorporados, etc.; la implementación real de lo acordado es mínima; y hace falta mayor voluntad y efectividad del Estado colombiano y del Gobierno nacional. En contraste, no se pueden desconocer las dinámicas de apropiación y organización social ni el rol transformador de las comunidades desde los territo- rios. El presente trabajo tiene como propósito poner en diálogo una reflexión crítica de la situación nacional del punto dos del Acuerdo con los procesos impulsados por las comunidades de El Pato (Caquetá), y la forma en que estas vienen tejiendo una cultura política participativa y pluralista, aportando así a la implementación del punto dos en, con, desde y para el territorio.

The Role of the Peasant Communities of El Pato (Caquetá) in the Implementation of Point Two of the Final Peace Agreement of Havana, in Times of National Uncertainty

Abstract: The implementation of the Final Peace Agreement has had progress and setbacks. On the one hand, the national panorama is alarming: high peaks of political violence are evident. Re- configuration of armed actors; systematic murder of social leaders, reincorporated, etc. The actual implementation of the agreement is minimal; and greater will and effectiveness of the Colombian State and the national government are needed. In contrast, the dynamics of appropriation and social organization and the transforming role of the communities from the territories cannot be ignored. The purpose of this paper is to put into dialogue a critical reflection of the national situ- ation of point two of the Agreement with the processes promoted by the communities of El Pato (Caquetá). Also, the way in which they have been weaving a participatory political culture and pluralist. Thus, contributing to the implementation of point two in, with, from and for the territory.

Keywords: Final Peace Agreement, democracy, democratization, pluralism, peasant communities, unity, organization, mobilization,  transformation,  social  leaders,  political  culture,  radicalization of democracy.
Implementación de los Acuerdos de Paz en Colombia
Authors: Archila Neira Mauricio
Published: October 2021

A casi cinco años de la firma del Acuerdo Final con las FARC-EP para la construcción de una paz estable y duradera, la revista Controversia consideró oportuno  convocar  a  la  realización  de balances ponderados sobre los logros y las dificultades en la imple- mentación del Acuerdo en su conjunto o en algunos de los seis puntos pactados: 1) reforma rural integral; 2) participación política; 3) fin del conflicto; 4) solución al problema de las drogas ilícitas; 5) víctimas; y 6) implementación, verificación y refrendación.

Este interés se fundamenta en dos razones: primera, en que es paradó- jico que en el plano internacional estos acuerdos tengan gran reconoci- miento, mientras en Colombia son materia de disputa y de polarización desde su firma, a lo que contribuyó la derrota, por estrecho margen, del plebiscito aprobatorio. Por ello su implementación ha sido un proceso tortuoso, pues además de los complejos trámites propios de la institu- cionalización de lo acordado, ha contado con la resistencia, cuando no la clara oposición, del actual Gobierno; y, segunda, en que para el CInEP la verificación de los compromisos establecidos en el Acuerdo Final es una tarea que ha adelantado periódicamente en estos años junto con el Centro de Recursos para el Análisis de Conflictos (CERAC), como partes que son de la Secretaría Técnica del Componente de Verificación Inter- nacional (sTCvI) de lo acordado. La convocatoria fue entusiastamente respondida y exigió una gran selección de la que salieron ocho artículos del dosier propuesto y dos de tema libre.
El desequilibrio significativo como causa de modificación o anulación de los contratos civiles
Authors: Ábrego Abdiel
Published: October 2021

La contratación civil se fundamenta en la igualdad de las partes contratantes ante la ley. Pero de hecho esa igualdad no existe, lo que existe es el desequilibrio entre ellas. La tendencia moderna es evitar que ese desequilibrio produzca inequidades económicas, caso en el cual será considerado significativo y causa de anulación o modificación de las relaciones contractuales. La legislación actual ha regulado este tema en los llamados contratos de adhesión, pero nuestra aspiración es que esta regulación alcance todo tipo de contratación.
Epidemiological Assessment of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia in Central Tanzania
Authors: Mngumi S , Makungu S , Mdetele D
Published: October 2021

A retrospective study was conducted to determine the epidemiology of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in the Central Zone of Tanzania. The present study used data from archived information of Central Zone Veterinary Centre (CZVC) for the past five years in the forms of weekly, monthly, and slaughterhouse reports, as well as Event Mobile Application (EMA-i) reports submitted to the zone. The present study found that out of 14 Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in the Central Zone,10 reported the disease in the past five years. Moreover, 56, 426, and 11147cases were reported as deaths, and the cattle at risk respectively. Therefore, 3.8%, 13%, and 0.5%were reported as CBPP prevalence, case fatality rate, and mortality rate, respectively. It was also revealed that there was a clear temporal pattern of CBPP occurrence, with more cases being reported between August to December. In conclusion, CBPP was a seasonal problem in Central Tanzania. Therefore, the present research recommended the strengthening of control measures against this disease in the central zone of Tanzania. In order to be able to assess the actual burden of the disease on-site, this extensive study must be carried out, since the parameters obtained during the study were lower compared to the situation on-site.
Urinary Bladder Stone Removal Surgery in Sulcata tortoise (Geochelon sulcata) with Lateral Plastron Osteotomy Technique
Authors: Kartika Sari Dian Ayu , Apritya Desty
Published: October 2021

This paper aimed to examine the management of urinary calculi of a sulcata tortoise. A 5-year-old Sulcata tortoise (Geochelon sulcata) was presented with a history of dehydration, loss of appetite, and lameness. Clinical signs and radiographic examination indicated urinary calculi in the urinary bladder. Radiographic results revealed that there was a radiopaque urinary calculi mass. Plastron osteotomy and cystotomy techniques were used to remove urinary calculi. The appetite of the tortoise returned to normal in a week after the surgery. The lateral plastron is an appropriate osteotomy technique, especially for the immediate opening of the plastron with a stone-filled bladder. This was a safe area to open plastron since it was far from the heart. This method was not beneficial for the tortoise in their infancy since it would interrupt the development of plastron formation resulting in the postoperative asymmetrical plastron structure.
Study of the pre-monsoon squalls from 1975 to 1979 over Dum Dum with reference to radar echoes
Authors: BHATTACHARYA P. K. , BARMA C. M.
Published: October 2021

With the pre-monsoon squall data of Dum Dum from 1975 to 1979 alongwith Dum Dum radar observations, different analyses have been made to find out the significant characteristics of radar echoes with respect to locations, distributions, Cb tops, etc. An attempt has been made to get indications of occurrence of squalls at Dum Dum with the above analysed characteristics for issue of timely aerodrome warnings for squalls at Dum Dum.
Energy balance and efficiency in crop rotation systems
Authors:   Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná, Ferreira Henrique Giordani Martini , Bordin Ivan ,   Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná, Buratto Osmar Maziero ,   Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná, Pontes Laíse da Silveira ,   Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná
Published: October 2021

The production system model that has been adopted in most Brazilian regions, the soybean/second corn crop succession, has led to problems in water and soil conservation and favorable conditions for diseases, pests, and weeds in the agricultural system and, consequently, increasing its energy use. Crop rotation is an alternative to this production model, directly interfering with the problematic aspects of the crop succession system and, consequently, its energy balance. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the crop rotation system with the best energy balance and efficiency. The data on the quantity of inputs (seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and fuel), labor, and grain yield used in the study were collected from a crop rotation experiment conducted at the experimental station of the Rural Development Institute of Paraná - IAPAR-EMATER, Londrina, PR, Brazil, from 2014 to 2020. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with six treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of T1 (second corn crop/soybean), T2 (white oat/soybean, triticale/corn, and wheat/soybean), T3 (rye + black oat/soybean, black oat + fodder radish/corn, and congo grass/soybean), T4 (canola/corn, crambe/corn; canola/soybean); T5 (buckwheat-fodder radish/corn, bean/soybean, and buckwheat-white oat/ soybean), and T6 (wheat/corn, canola/corn + congo grass, and bean/soybean). The different crop rotations and the traditional second corn crop/soybean system provided positive energy balance and efficiency, that is, they produced more energy than they consumed. The canola/corn, crambe/corn, and canola/soybean rotation systems had the highest energy balance and efficiency, with values of 866,442.27 MJ ha−1 and 10.27, respectively, mainly due to corn cultivation in the summer, which resulted in a higher energy return than the other grain-producing crops.
Dynamic non Performing Loan in Indonesia (Empirical Study on Commercial and Islamic Banks)
Authors: Kramadibrata Budi , Aulia Darlin , Kamsurya Rizal , Susanto Andi Heru
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses non-performing loans in Islamic and commercial banking. This study tries to test internal and external factors such as CAR (capital adequacy ratio), interest rate, ROE (return on equity), inflation rate, and GDP (gross domestic product­) against non-performing loans or NPL in Indonesia banking. It would also like to see the impact of the crisis that occurred during the period 2015 to 2020. A sample from this study consisted of 66 Banks. Results showed that of the four variables tested showed a significant influence on the NPL of commercial and Islamic banks, except on the testing of inflation and CAR variables on commercial banks that showed results did not affect the NPL.
The Book of Jeremiah as Case Study in Asian Contextual Theology
Authors: Hwang Jerry
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe past decades have seen many calls for Asian contextual theology thais both recognizably Asian and true to the Bible’s message. Given the lack of consensus on how to do such theology, however, the present study proposes that the Old Testament itself provides a worthy example to follow. Using the book of Jeremiah as a case study, it is suggested that the prophet’s engagemenwith the historical situation and theological issues of the sixth century BCE— fatalism, the identity of the divine vis-à-vis monism, prosperity theology, and cosmic suffering—offers a hermeneutical model for engaging modern Asian religious issues such as Islam, Hinduism, folk religion, and Buddhism.
Aelred and Sworn Brotherhood
Authors: Yeo Adriel
Published: October 2021

AbstractFriendship seems to be a subject that is not often talked about in church and, even if talked about, it is usually in the context of providing support for single Christians or those struggling with same-sex attraction. Ironically, such an approach exposes the deep flaws, particularly within Protestantism, due to the neglect of the vocation of celibacy as well as the rich resource on friendship within the Christian and cultural tradition. Retrieving from Aelred’s theology of friendship, together with the idea of sworn brotherhood in Luo Guanzhong’s Romance of the Three Kingdoms, this article seeks to show the promise of theological retrieval for the life of the church. It argues that while Aelred’s theology provides a helpful way of thinking theologically about friendship, the portrayal of sworn brotherhood in Luo’s novel provides the embodiment of such friendship. Ultimately, it is through this process of retrieval that the church can convincingly put forth spiritual friendship to those who are single or samesex-attracted as an optionthat is no less viable than marriage.
Book Reviews
Authors: Reviews Book
Published: October 2021

Book Reviews
Peningkatan Karakter Religius Peserta Didik Melalui Pembiasaan Membaca Asma’ul Husna Di SMPN 1 Ngoro Jombang
Authors: Lailiyah Nurul , Hasanah Rofiqotul
Published: October 2021

This study is intended to describe the teacher role in improving students’ religious character through the reading habit of Asmaul Husna at SMPN 1 Ngoro Jombang, 2. Describing students’ religious character of SMPN 1 Ngoro Jombang. This research uses qualitative approach. The data collection is done through interviews, observation and documentation. The data then analyzed by reduction, display and verification data. The results show that: 1. the teachers’ role in implementing students’ religious character education through Asmaul Husna reading habit at SMPN 1 Ngoro Jombang, are teachers as: role model, motivator, dynamic, evaluator. 2. The religious character of students at SMPN 1 Ngoro Jombang: a. Character values formed in SMPN 1 Ngoro Jombang: 1). Religious 2). Discipline 3). Responsibility 4). Tolerance 5). Nobel character 6). Diligent 7).  Independent. b. The implementation of the Asmaul Husna reading habit by using such methods as: 1). Getting used to: a).hands shaking with the teacher b) lining up in front of the classroom c). Praying before the activity started. 2) Discipline 3) modelling.
Pengaruh Kontrol Diri Terhadap Tingkat Religiusitas Siswa Kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 4 Pare Kediri
Authors: Riza Julianne Kamelia
Published: October 2021

Self-control is an activity of individual self-control of their behavior where an individual has faith in their God which is called religiosity. The difference in the level of religiosity triggers various problems in society, especially students who are at puberty, and develop in a variety of environments. This research was conducted on grade VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Pare Kediri, aims to determine the students' self-control and religiosity level, as well as how the influence of self-control on the level of religiosity. This type of research is quantitative research with self-control as the independent variable, and the level of religiosity as the dependent variable. The instrument used in this study was the self-control scale and the level of religiosity given to 72 subjects who were taken by random sampling. Hypothesis testing in this study using linear regression test with SPSS for Windows 16.0. The test results of the SPSS for Windows 16.0 program stated that these students on average had good self-control and a high level of religiosity. Based on the R-square value, there is an influence between the variable X and Y in the weak category of 20%, while 80% is influenced by other factors that are not studied.
Sensitive electrochemical detection of bisphenol A at screen-printed graphite electrode modified with nitrogen-doped graphene sheets
Authors: Esfandiari Baghbamidi Sakineh
Published: October 2021

A novel voltammetric sensor was developed by modifying screen-printed graphite electrode (SPGE) with nitrogen doped graphene sheets (N-GSs) to detect bisphenol A. The electrochemical results exhibited that N-GSs / modified SPGE has high sensing performance towards the oxidation of bisphenol A. Excellent results were obtained for bisphenol A detection in the linear range from 0.08 to 300.0 µM with a sensitivity of 0.1626 µA µM-1 and limit of detection of 0.02 µM. Also, the fabricated N‑GSs/SPGE sensor showed good stability. The as-prepared sensor was tested towards the detection of bisphenol A in real samples. The measured results established the great sensing ability of N-GSs/SPGE for bisphenol A with high selectivity and good stability in real samples.
SUPRALOCAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY AS A DEVELOPMENT TOOL FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION FINANCIAL PERSPECTIVE 2021-2027
Authors: Małek Marzena , Kalinowska Anna , Korombel Anna
Published: October 2021

The fundamental task of local government units (LGU) is to satisfy the needs of residents. The dynamically changing environment causes society to expect local government units to satisfy needs at higher and higher level. In order to fulfil these requirements, and consequently win business representatives and make the residents stay, local government units need development tools. From July 2020, LGUs can use a new tool for implementing a development policy, i.e. supralocal development strategy. The aim of the paper is to identify the benefits offered by supralocal development strategy to local government units as well as potential difficulties related to its implementation
THE FUNCTIONING OF THE ORGANIZATION IN CRISIS CONDITIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Skwarek Albin
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the issues of the functioning of enterprises in the conditions of crisis. It presents the specifics of crisis management and proposals for remedial actions that should be considered by companies affected by the crisis. The main thesis of the article is that company management in crisis
situations is based on a combination of reactive and prospective decisions taken in order to counteract the destabilization of its functions. The research problem boils down to answering the question: whether and to what extent, in the face of the uncertainty caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, are micro and small enterprises inclined to make quick prospective decisions? For the purposes of this article, a survey method was carried out, which enabled the implementation of the main goal of the article, which was to identify and assess the usefulness of actions taken and solutions implemented by the surveyed entities in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic. The adopted research hypothesis assumes that micro and small enterprises, in the face of a pandemic, make quick, prospective decisions to a limited extent.