bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
a importancia do uso das atividades ludicas
Authors: Souza Ana Flavia Ramos de , Vilela Débora Fernandes dos Santos , Sanagiotto Fabiana Santos Sales , Santos Iracema Medeiros Pereira , Silveira Irene Maria Sebastião , Moura Rosângela Rodrigues de
Published: June 2024

Este estudo tem o objetivo de compreender a importância do uso de atividades lúdicas na educação especial. Desenvolve-se a fim de possibilitar meios de aprendizagem, envolvendo aspectos relacionados ao desafio, para o professor criar estratégicas de ensino e aprendizagem, com o objetivo de acolher o aluno com necessidades especiais, proporcionando meios de construção e socialização de conhecimentos, habilidades e competências, que permitam o desenvolvimento na educação inclusiva. A aprendizagem é construída por um processo, no qual cada aluno tem seu ritmo próprio, mas é necessário que sejam dadas a ele condições adequadas de ensino. Esse profissional precisa estar preparado para, através do lúdico, proporcionar criatividade, alternativas e atividades que possibilitem a inclusão na sala de aula. Com metodologia de pesquisa de análise cientifica bibliográfica, alcançando um entendimento em que a inclusão apresente como proposta de possibilitar a ação educativa, com a intenção de atender as necessidades dos alunos inclusos. Concluiu-se que, promover a inclusão escolar não significa, simplesmente, recebê-los na escola, se não houver a aprendizagem efetiva e significativa. Portanto a escola não deve ser aquela que se diz inclusiva, mas assumir seu papel junto à comunidade escolar, buscando meios e alternativas para que seja, verdadeiramente, uma escola inclusiva.
Defluoridation of drinking water by using low cost point of use treatment technologies: A review
Authors: Tagar Sadaf , Rizwan Muhammad , Qambrani Naveed Ahmed
Published: June 2024

Fluoride is an anionic pollutant found in surface or ground water in large quantities due to various human activities, for examples, disposal of industrial wastewater or geochemical reactions. The presence of fluoride in drinking water above certain limits has intense effects on human health. It strengthens the tooth enamel to a small level (1.0-1.5 mg/L). In drinking water, the presence of fluoride in the range of 1.5 to 4.0 mg/L may give rise to dental fluorosis at initial the stage, while the continuous exposure to high fluoride concentrations (4.0-10.0 mg/L) leads to skeletal fluorosis. In many countries of the world, including Pakistan, fluoride exists in ground water in high concentration, reaching above 30.0 mg/L on a large scale. The objective of writing this article is to offer accurate information on the efforts of a number of scholars who worked on fluoride removal from drinking water. The fluoride removal techniques have been categorized into two parts dealing with coagulation/precipitation and adsorption. Lime and alum (Nalgonda technique) and chitin have been discussed under coagulation technologies, while adsorption deals with a number of adsorbents, i.e., activated carbon, activated alumina, saw dust, bone char, rice husk ash, bauxite, tea-ash, and kaolin. Each technique discussed can remove fluoride under certain conditions. Each treatment technology has its limitations, and since there is no technology that can achieve its purpose in diverse conditions, the choice of fluoride removal techniques should be according to a specific site, depending on fundamental conditions and the needs of the local area.
Blended pedagogy for computer programming language
Authors: Zhang Ling
Published: June 2024

In the face of the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the hybrid teaching model has garnered significant attention for its combination of the depth of traditional education with the convenience of distance learning. Focusing on the domain of computer programming language instruction, this study innovatively designs a hybrid teaching strategy aimed at fully exploiting the flexibility of its teaching design and the variety of pedagogical approaches. The strategy integrates face-to-face teaching with online autonomous learning, incorporating project-based teaching methodologies and immediate feedback mechanisms to facilitate active student engagement and deep learning. Through a year-long practice in a C++ programming course, encompassing 68 students, the study empirically validates the effectiveness of the hybrid teaching approach. It not only demonstrates remarkable educational outcomes, enhancing the quality of programming instruction and student satisfaction with their learning experience, but also employs Bayesian analysis to delve into the relationship between learning trajectories and students’ sense of self-efficacy. By focusing on key indicators during the learning process, such as the timeliness and quality of online learning, laboratory work, and project assignments, the study then utilizes Bayesian models to directly assess the impact of these learning behavior metrics on students’ perceived self-efficacy. The findings reveal that students with outstanding academic achievements exhibit higher levels of self-efficacy, confirming that academic performance can reasonably reflect teaching effectiveness and provide a quantifiable basis for assessing individual learning progress. Consequently, this research not only contributes a novel strategy to computer programming education practice but also offers a valuable reference for the application of hybrid teaching models in other disciplines. Furthermore, it promotes in-depth contemplation on post-pandemic innovations in teaching modes and issues of educational equity, laying a solid foundation for constructing a more adaptive and inclusive future education system.
Percepción subjetiva de los pobres: Una alternativa a la medición de la pobreza.
Authors: Aguado Quintero Luis Fernando , Osorio Mejía Ana María
Published: June 2024

No existe una forma única de medir la pobreza; en la Literatura es usual hacerlo de forma objetiva recurriendo generalmente a líneas de pobreza. Sin embargo, en los últimos años ha surgido una línea de análisis alternativa que evalúa la percepción que tiene los pobres de su situación, llamada "pobreza subjetiva", que si bien no intenta reemplazar los estudios tradicionales, es un análisis complementario que permite caracterizar el fenómeno y  contribuir al diseño de políticas eficientes y adecuadas para combatir la pobreza.
La globalización como proceso de larga duración
Authors: Fazio Vengoa Hugo
Published: June 2024

El artículo se propone justificar la necesidad de una lectura histórica de la globalización por cuanto así se permite ubicar nuestro presente más inmediato en una perspectiva de larga duración. En una primera parte, se hace un balance de las lecturas más usuales de los últimos años sobre el tema. A partir de ahí, se muestra como se han construido unos imaginarios sobre la globalización y cuales son los puntos consensuales principales que existen sobre este tópico. Luego, el artículo realiza un ejercicio sobre como se percibe el fenómeno de la globalización cuando se analiza como un fenómeno estructural, coyuntural o como un estadio. Tras mostrar los aciertos y desventajas de estos enfoques, muestra como la visualización del fenómeno como un proceso permite integrar las perspectivas anteriores, para lo cual recurre a la categorización histórica propuesta por Fernand Braudel. Sumario A. Estructura, cuadro 1: Dimensiones de la globalización. B. Estadio. C. Coyuntura. D. Proceso, cuadro 2: La globalización como proceso y cuadro 3: Esquema de la evolución de la globalización como proceso.
Atención temprana en niños con trastornos del Neurodesarrollo en Iberoamérica 2018-2022. Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Torres Díaz María Malena
Published: June 2024

Los trastornos del neurodesarrollo en la infancia requieren una detección e intervención temprana para minimizar riesgos y mejorar el pronóstico. El objetivo fue analizar los diferentes modelos de atención temprana en niños con trastornos del neurodesarrollo en Iberoamérica entre 2018 y 2022. Se realizó una revisión sistemática con enfoque cualitativo, identificando 32 artículos científicos sobre intervenciones tempranas en niños con alteraciones del desarrollo. Se encontraron intervenciones efectivas para el trastorno de déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH), el trastorno del espectro autista (TEA), la discapacidad intelectual y los trastornos del aprendizaje, incluyendo enfoques cognitivo-conductuales, psicoterapéuticos intensivos, rehabilitación cerebral y estimulación temprana, con acompañamiento familiar. Los modelos de atención temprana han demostrado ser efectivos para minimizar riesgos y mejorar síntomas y pronósticos en niños con trastornos del neurodesarrollo. Se recomienda su implementación temprana con un enfoque integral y multidisciplinario.
Silicone finger prosthesis using conventional method impression
Authors: Agus Dahlan  , Sheila Ayu Nararya
Published: June 2024

Prosthetic fingers are a part of a medical art science community. Which means the fabrication of the prosthetic fingers is more of an art based treatment than a science. The prosthetic fingers must match with the missing part of the fingers or digits of the patient and even better if it can be used functionally. There are multiple causes of complete or partial fingers loss such as a disease or congenital malformation. But the most common are due to traumatic injuries. Despite the etiology, the effect of a loss finger has such an impact on the individual both functional and psychological. Therefore, prosthetic finger are one of the most popular approach to alleviate the problems instead with surgery approach. This case report describes a method of obtaining the use of prosthetic fingers functionally from the impression process and most importantly still have the aesthetic appearance with an easy and cheaper method by using silicone prosthesis.
USULAN WAKTU DAN BIAYA PERAWATAN PREFENTIF MESIN LINE 1 HORIZONTAL GUNA MENURUNKAN WAKTU DOWNTIME (STUDI KASUS: PT XYZ)
Authors: Syahputro Wahyu Eko , Widiasih Wiwin
Published: June 2024

PT XYZ merupakan perusahaan yang memproduksi makanan dan minuman. Perusahaan tersebut sering mengalami downtime yang cukup tinggi. Dimana downtime menyebabkan rendahnya nilai OEE. Hal tersebut terjadi karena sering rusaknya sebuah mesin saat proses produksi sedang berlangsung. Masalah tersebut terjadi di area packing pada mesin line 1 horizontal. Pada penelitian kali ini peneliti ingin menerapkan perawatan prefentif dengan memperhitungkan nilai keandalan pada mesin line 1 horizontal dengan harapan dapat membantu menurunkan nilai downtime pada di line 1 horizontal.  Analisis dilakukan dengan menentukan komponen kritis sesuai dengan uji kesesuaian distribusi pada mesin line 1 horizontal, melakukan perhitungan nilai reliability, dan MTTF. Selanjutnya menentukan jarak waktu perbaikan dan penjadwalan, biaya yang diperlukan untuk melakukan perawatan prefentif serta membandingkan dengan biaya corrective maintenance. Setelah dilakukannya perhitungan dapat diketahui untuk biaya yang harus dikeluarkan perusahaan untuk melakukan preventive maintenance sebesar Rp 436.200.000 dimana angka tersebut menunjukkan adanya penghematan biaya sebesar Rp 567.400.000 dari biaya perawatan secara korektif sebelumnya sebesar Rp 1.003.600.000.
Erasmus in Borges, Borges in Erasmus: First Surveys of an Unexplored Genealogy
Authors: Pavarotti Pier Paolo
Published: June 2024

It seems impossible to identify areas of the Borgesian corpus that have not been studied by experts from all latitudes and periods, but in fact this is true in relation to the presence of the Dutch humanist Erasmus of Rotterdam. Taking as a starting point similarities in content and style between Erasmus’ The Praise of Folly and some of Borges’ narrative prose, essays and poems, as well as, conversely, from eight occurrences of Erasmus in seven of Borges’ short essays, this article aims to stress this literary relationship. This pioneering though certainly not exhaustive study also unearths a wide and unexpected network of authors linking Erasmo and Borges across centuries and continents.
Uluslararası öğrencilerin sosyal sermaye düzeylerine yönelik bir araştırma: Selçuk üniversitesi örneği
Authors: Afşar Önder Aytaç , Çankaya Kurnaz Seda
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Selçuk Üniversitesi’ne dünyanın farklı yerlerinden gelip eğitim gören uluslararası öğrencilerin farklı bir toplumsal yapıya aitlik seviyesini ve birlikte hareket etme düzeyini inceleyerek sosyal sermaye profiline yönelik değerlendirmede bulunmaktır. Bu temel amaç doğrultusunda Selçuk Üniversitesi’ne dünyanın farklı bölgelerinden gelen 157 öğrenci ile anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma da örneklem seçiminde basit rastgele olasılık örneklemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS İstatistik Yazılımı Sürüm 26.0'’da betimsel ve çıkarımsal olarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarından araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin en fazla hocalarına güven duydukları boş vakitlerinde daha çok diğer ülke öğrenciler ile ev/yurt ortamında vakit geçirmeyi tercih ettikleri ve kişisel bir sorun yaşadığına yetkili merciler yerine akrabaları ile iletişime geçtikleri tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sonuçlarından öğrencilerin sosyal ağlara katılma düzeyinin güven düzeyine göre daha yüksek olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen sonuçlar, sosyal sermayenin kurumsal, yerel, ulusal ve uluslararası ölçekte giderek daha fazla önem kazanan uluslararasılaşma üzerinde etkisine bir perspektif sunabilecektir
A qualitative study on the perceptions of preservice EFL teachers and practicum advisors on preparedness
Authors: Kaya İbrahim , Subaşı Gonca
Published: June 2024

The current research is a qualitative study carried out using an explanatory research design. The purpose of this study is to examine pre-service EFL teachers' levels of perceived preparation and the notion of "preparedness to teach." Practicum Advisors (PA) and pre-service EFL teachers (PT), both groups being members of the same Department, participated in semi-structured interview sessions to gather data. The online semi-structured interviews involved eight practicum advisors and a total of eighteen PTs. A semi-structured interview analysis focusing on the definition of "preparedness to teach" identifies several essential elements, including dispositions/personal traits, pedagogical knowledge/skills, prior preparation, and interpersonal abilities. Education policy, teacher education programs, practicum/internship, and individual characteristics are found to have an impact on pre-service teachers' perceived preparation.
Looking for the cause of iron deficiency anemia: a clinical case in the practice of a gastroenterologist
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Naumenko K. O. , Mozhyna T. L. , Byelyayeva N. V.
Published: June 2024

The paper presents a clinical case of the development of asymptomatic gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA), caused by Cameron’s ulcer (CU; erosive lesion of the gastric mucosa localized in the hernia sac of the esophageal aperture diaphragmatic hernia).
A brief review of literature data and American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) practice guidelines has been presented, confirming that CU is a typical gastroenterological cause of IDA development, manifested with latent or obvious GIВ. Simultaneous administration of non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs can provoke life‑threatening GIВ in CU patients. Large‑sized hiatal hernia, concomitant helminthiasis, H. pylori infection are recognized as aggravating factors for the development of CU and IDA. The gold standard for the CU diagnosis is upper endoscopy, although due to several reasons, this ulcerative defect may not be immediately detected, which requires radiological examination of the stomach. The first line of therapy of CU is considered to be the prescription of acid‑suppressive drugs, the optimal method of surgical treatment is laparoscopic fundoplication.
The article describes the approach to the administration of eradication therapy according to the provisions of Maastricht consensus VI; the necessity of personalization of anti‑helicobacter therapy in a particular patient and the use of a three‑component regimen with clarithromycin is explained. The advantages of using bismuth‑containing drugs in eradication schemes are considered. The clinical efficacy of Ukrainian preparations (proton pump inhibitor Ezonexа®, bismuth‑containing drug Vis‑Nol®, prokinetic Itopride‑Pharmak) in CU healing has been described.
Possibilities of Helicobacter pylori eradication based on current Maastricht VI/Florence Consensus recommendations in the world and in Ukraine
Authors: Fadieienko G. D. , Nikiforova Y. V.
Published: June 2024

Objective — to determine the role of adding tetracycline to bismuth‑containing quadrotherapy in the increasing of eradication effectiveness.
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is recognized as the main pathogen of humankind more than 40 years ago. Despite the treatment of H. pylori — positive individuals and the reduction of infection transmission in populations with improved socio‑economic standards of living, it remains the most widespread bacterial pathogen of humankind, infecting almost half of the Earth’s population. As a result, this pathogen continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The issue of effective H. pylori eradication with its main goal to prevent of gastric cancer, remains relevant for many years. According to the current provisions of the latest Maastricht VI/Florence consensus, eradication is indicated for all infected patients, since H. pylori is recognized as a pathogen of the stomach, and H. pylori — associated gastritis is an infectious disease that causes a sequential cascade of carcinogenesis. Eradication therapy enables cancer prevention at any age in adults, but its effectiveness decreases with age. Therefore, timely and effective anti‑helicobacter therapy can prevent negative consequences in H. pylori — infected patients. The threshold for H. pylori eradication in most countries often does not reach the required level of 85%, including in Ukraine. Among the main factors, reducing the effectiveness of anti‑helicobacter therapy at the current stage is the growing resistance of H. pylori to antibacterial agents. In Ukraine, the level of clarithromycin resistance of H. pylori is not precisely determined, but, without a doubt, it is high. A rapid increase in resistance to fluoroquinolones is also noted. Because of this, one of the schemes for the first line of eradication therapy in the modern treatment algorithm in accordance with the Maastricht VI/Florence consensus recommends quadrotherapy with preparations of colloidal bismuth subcitrate, proton pump inhibitors, tetracycline and metronidazole lasting 10—14 days.
In May 2024, Ukrainian pharmaceutical market will be supplied with new drug «Tetramax» containing 500 mg of tetracycline hydrochloride in one capsule. This is the only tetracycline in Ukraine with a convenient dosage, which can now be prescribed for effective H. pylori eradication. This approach is relevant and most effective in conditions of uncertain or high resistance to clarithromycin.
PKM Ubi Jalar (Ipomme Batatas) Dalam Upaya Pertumbuhan Tulang dan Gigi pada Anak-Anak di Indragiri Hilir
Authors: Afiah  , Syafriani  , Nia Aprilla
Published: June 2024

Produksi ubi jalar di Provinsi Riau mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun disertai dengan jumlah penanaman yang juga meningkat. Tahun 2016 dengan produktivitas 4.904 ton, sedangkan pada tahun 2017 dengan produktifitas 4.802 ton, dan pada tahun 2018 dengan produktifitas 3.780 ton. Dengan penghasil ubi jalar di Provinsi Riau meliputi 10 kabupaten/ kota yaitu Indragiri Hulu, Indragiri Hilir, Pelalawan, Siak, Kampar, Rokan Hulu, Rokan Hilir, Bengkalis, Pekanbaru dan Dumai. (Provinsi Riau, 2019). Untuk mengatasi masalah limbah umbi-umbian horticultural seperti ubi jalar ini dapat kital akukan dengan membuat cemilan sehat seperti keripik Ubi jalar, dan Tepung ubi jalar ini dibuat sebagai bentuk upaya pertumbuhan tulang dan gigi pada anak-anak karena Ubi jalar merupakan sumber kalsium yang baik untuk pertumbuhan tulang dan gigi. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk menggali ide-ide inovatif, meningkatkan kreatifitas, menanamkan jiwa berwirausaha, melatih mental dan mengajarkan untuk bekerja keras dan bertanggung jawab. Selain itu, tujuan lainnya yaitu untuk upaya pertumbuhan tulang dan gigi pada anak-anak di indragiri hilir denganhadirnya varian olahan ubi jalar ini serta mengurangi limbah yang dihasilkan dengan mengolahnya menjadi keripik ubi jalar, dan tepung ubi jalar. Ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi yaitu (1) keterbatasan modal. (2) Rendahnya motivasi wirausaha dengan bahan utama ubi jalar. (3) Tidak ada keragaman produk olahan ubi jalar. (4) Tidak adanya pengemasan dan pemasaran ubi jalar. Kegiatan yang akan dilakukan dalam program PKM ini antara lain upaya pengembangan
Edukasi Mengenai Kesadaran Berkendara dengan Aman pada Pelajar SMK Muhammadiyah 9 Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Muzakir Haris , Birwin Alib
Published: June 2024

Peningkatan kebutuhan transportasi darat di perkotaan mendorong penggunaan sepeda motor lebih intensif, termasuk kalangan pelajar. Namun, minimnya kesadaran dan pengetahuan keselamatan berkendara memperburuk risiko kecelakaan lalu lintas dengan faktor utama kondisi kendaraan, perilaku pengemudi, dan minimnya pengawasan. Untuk mengatasinya, program edukasi dilaksanakan 21 Februari 2024 di SMK Muhammadiyah 9 Jakarta Selatan guna meningkatkan kesadaran keselamatan berkendara pelajar melalui edukasi aturan lalu lintas dan teknik berkendara aman. Metodenya sosialisasi keselamatan, bekerjasama dengan BHABINKAMTIBMAS Polsek Kebayoran Lama, serta seminar dan praktik diikuti 50 pelajar. Evaluasi menggunakan pre-test dan post-test dengan uji Wilcoxon signed-rank mengukur peningkatan pengetahuan pelajar. Hasilnya, pengetahuan meningkat signifikan dengan p-value 0,000, menegaskan efektivitas program dalam mengubah pemahaman dan perilaku pelajar.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pencegahan Stunting pada Balita Melalui Penyuluhan di Desa Bukit Kratai
Authors: Fitri Rahmi Pramulia , Saputra Rahmat , Agusviyanda Agusviyanda , Putri Meltanti Kaswa , Atika Atika
Published: June 2024

Indonesia merupakan salah satu Negara yang memiliki angka stunting yang tinggi dengan penurunan angka stunting terendah yaitu 27,67%, standar WHO yang ideal yaitu <20%. Efek jangka panjang stunting dapat menurunkan kemampuan kognitif dengan diikuti menurunnya produktifitas sehingga menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi Indonesia. Kegiatan penyuluhan dan pencegahan stunting pada masyarakat dapat dijadikan solusi untuk menurunkan angka stunting. Kegiatan ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai stunting sehingga dengan adanya informasi terkait maka dapat dijadikan sebagai upaya pencegahan dikemudian hari. Metode dalam kegiatan ini dilakukan bentuk ceramah dan penyebaran kuesioner untuk pre-test dan post-test. Hasil penyuluhan ini membuktikan bahwa kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat untuk masyarakat sekitar.
Pemberdayaan Kesehatan pada Masyarakat Pantai Cermin
Authors: Suryani  , Rahmi Pramulia Fitri  , Winda Parlin  , Roza Asnel  , Kursiah Warti Ningsih  , Dwi Sapta Aryantiningsih  , Mailiza Cahyani
Published: June 2024

Kesehatan merupakan salah satu bidang yang menjadi prioritas bagi pemerintah dalam usaha mensejahterakan masyarakatnya. Upaya untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat menjadi hal yang sangat penting untuk mencapai taraf hidup yang lebih baik. Keadaan kesehatan masyarakat saat ini secara umum belum dapat mencapai target yang diharapkan dalam mencapai Indonesia Sehat 2025, hal ini dikarenakan masih kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang kesehatan, kesehatan lingkungan dan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) secara keseluruhan terutama dipedesaan. Keadaan kesehatan masyarakat di Desa Pantai Cermin secara umum sudah cukup baik, namun masih terdapat berabagai target pelayanan kesehatan yang belum maksimal sperti masyarakat yang tidak mau memeriksakan kesehatan setiap 6 bulan, adanya lansia yang memiliki penyeakit degenerative danmasih ada keluarga yang merokok. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan selama 2 bulan pada bulan Februari- Maret 2023 ini dilakukan berbagai kegiatan untuk memberdayaakan masyarakat Desa Pantai Cermin agar mau dan mampu untuk meningkatkan kesehatannya dengan cara memberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan, senama bersama dan advokasi ke perangkat desa. Diharapkan dengan dilakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan ini, masyaraakt menjadi lebih mandiri untuk meingkatkan kesehatannya.
Penyuluhan Tumbuh Kembang Anak di Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Nia Aprilla  , Syafriani
Published: June 2024

Usia dini merupakan periode emas tumbuh kembang anak mengingat pada tahapan ini akan terjadi perkembangan yang sangat pesat pada anak. Perkembangan anak usia dini sendiri merupakan indikator strategis dalam membentuk modal manusia guna mewujudkan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Penilaian perkembangan pada anak sangat penting dilakukan agar apabila ditemukan kecurigaan penyimpangan dapat segera dilakukan stimulasi dan intervensi dini sebelum kelainan terjadi. Adanya kasus stunting dan keterlambatan dalam bicara pada anak di Desa Balung menjadi latar belakang penulis untuk melakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan judul Penyuluhan Tumbuh Kembang Anak di Kabupaten Kampar. Jumlah partisipan yang ikut dalam penyuluhan ini sebanyak 10 orang. Diharapkan orangtua mengetahui tentang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak sesuai usia. Jika didapatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tidak sesuai dengan usia, orangtua bisa secara dini membawa anaknya ke tenaga kesehatan.
Penyuluhan tentang Kenakalan Remaja
Authors: Nia Aprilla  , Syafriani  , Zurahmi Z.R
Published: June 2024

Masa remaja merupakan masa dimana seorang manusia sedang berada dalam pencarian jati dirinya, ingin mengenal siapa dirinya sebenarnya. Seorang manusia dikatakann remaja, jika ia sudah menginjak usia 17 tahun. Dalam usia ini, seorang manusia mengalami masa yang dinamakan masa pubertas. Saat pubertas, biasanya manusia ingin mencoba segala suatu yang baru dalam hidupnya, muncul berbagai macam gejolak emosi, dan banyak timbul masalah baik dalam keluarga maupun lingkungan sosialnya. Bentuk kenakalan remaja banyak sekali, antara lain : Narkoba, free sex, tawuran, pergaulan bebas, dll. Kenakalan remaja kebanyakan dilakukan oleh mereka yang gagal dalam mengembangkan emosi jiwanya, mereka tidak bisa menahan diri terhadap hal baru yang masuk kedalam dirinya, yang menimbulkan sikap yang tidak seharusnya dilakukan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di SD 001 Pulau dan diikuti oelh 22 anak remaja kelas VI.  Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada remaja apa saja yang temasuk kenakalan remaja, akibat kenakalan remaja.. diharapkan setelah penyuluhan, remaja mampu mencari jati dirinya dan tidak melakukan hal-hal negatif terhadap dirinya, orang lain dan lingkungan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada tanggal 03 Desember 2022 di SD Negeri 001 Pulau. Hasil dari penyuluhan ini, remaja mengetahui apa itu kenakalan remaja, akibat dan bagaimana supaya remaja terhindar dari perilaku kenakalan remaja.  Diharapkan agar dapat melakukan penyuluhan ditempat yang lain.
Sosialisasi Edukasi tentang Latihan Rom (Range of Motion) Sebagai Pencegahan Penurunan Kekuatan Otot pada Lansia
Authors: Ezalina Ezalina , Fitriani Iyang Maisi , Harahap Afrida Sriyani , Nita Yureya , Putra Ifon Driposwana
Published: June 2024

Proses menua menyebabkan hilangnya secara perlahan kemampuan jaringan untuk mempertahankan fungsi normalnya sehingga lansia akan mengalami berbagai masalah kesehatan salah satunya kekakuan otot. Kekakuan otot pada lansia dapat diatasi dengan melakukan latihan ROM (range of motion). Latihan ROM dapat memelihara fleksibilitas sendi dan kekuatan otot pada lansia sehingga lansia bisa mempertahankan atau memperbaiki kemampuannya ketika meggerakkan persendian. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, pemahaman dan kemampuan lansia dalam melakukan latihan ROM dalam mencegah kekauan pada otot. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan diawali dengan pengukuran tekanan darah lansia lalu dilanjutkan dengan sosialisasi dan latihan cara melakukan latihan ROM yang dimulai dari pukul 9 sampai selesai di Balai Desa Umban Sari Kecamatan Rumbai. Hasil dari kegiatan adalah terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan ibu balita tentang ROM dari 40% menjaadi 90% yang terlihat dari antusias lansia dalam mendengarkan materi dan bersemangat memperagakan gerakan ROM, serta lansia memberikan pertanyaan dan semanagat untuk menerapkan gerakan ROM di rumah.
Edukasi Postur Tubuh yang Benar pada Kasus Kifosis terhadap Siswa SMP Nurul Ilmi Jambi
Authors: Indah Permata Sari  , Wanti Hasmar
Published: June 2024

Kifosis merupakan salah satu bentuk kelainan yang muncul pada tulang belakang manusia yang menyebabkan postur tubuh membungkuk. Edukasi postur tubuh yang benar seperti duduk, berdiri, dan penggunaan tas yang benar. Kegiatan Pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan di  SMP Nurul Ilmi Jambi, dengan pemberian leaflet dan demonstrasi gerakan memperbaiki postur tubuh yang benar pada siswa-siswi SMP. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber pengetahuan dan dapat dilakukan diaplikasikan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari seperti saat belajar, berjalan, dan membawa tas ransel. Hasil evaluasi baik melalui tanya jawab dan demonstrasi gerakan edukasi postur tubuh yang benar siswa-siswi sudah memahami dan mengetahui cara duduk yang benar, berjalan, serta membawa tas ransel yang benar serta latihan untuk memperbaiki postur tubuh.
Edukasi Lingkungan Tentang Pemisahan Sampah Organik dan Anorganik di Panti Asuhan Kasih Ibu Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Andi Irfan  , Dessyka Febria  , Sri Hardianti  , Rizki Rahmawati Lestari  , Zurrahmi
Published: June 2024

Permasalahan sampah masih belum teratasi dengan baik. Di Indonesia sampah berasal dari rumah tangga. Setiap aktifitas manusia pasti akan menghasilkan sampah. Jika sampah tidak dikelola dengan baik akan menimbulkan kerusakan pada lingkungan dan gangguan kesehatan. Sampah bisa menjadi tempat pembiakan lalat yang dapat mendorong penularan infeksi penyakit mulai dari diare sampai pada gangguan pernafasan, menurunkan kualitas lingkungan dan mengganggu estetika lingkungan. Pengelolaan sampah menjadi tanggungjawab bersama mulai dari anak-anak sampai usia dewasa. Rendahnya pengetahuan anak-anak tentang jenis sampah dan cara pengelolaan sampah akan merusak lingkungan disekitarnya. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, diperlukan kerjasama antara pemerintah, lembaga pendidikan, dan masyarakat dalam memberikan edukasi lingkungan yang komprehensif sehingga meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan masyarakat di masa depan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Panti Asuhan Kasih Ibu dan diikuti oleh 20 anak. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak panti tentang jenis sampah dan bagaimana pengelolaan sampah serta dampak negatif dari sampah. Diharapkan dengan kegiatan ini anak panti memiliki kesadaran dan rasa peduli terhadap lingkungan khususnya tentang sampah. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 04 November 2023 di Aula Panti Asuhan Kasih Ibu Kabupaten Kampar. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah anak panti asuhan sudah mengetahui jenis-jenis sampah, cara pengelolaan sampah serta dampak terhadap kesehatan dan lingkungan.
How to Think Clearly about the Central Limit Theorem
Authors: Zhang Xijuan , Astivia Oscar Lorenzo Olvera , Kroc Ed , Zumbo Bruno D.
Published: June 2024

The Central Limit Theorem (CLT) is one of the most important theorems in statistics, and it is often introduced to social sciences researchers in an introductory statistics course. However, the recent replication crisis in the social sciences prompts us to investigate just how common certain misconceptions of statistical concepts are. The main purposes of this paper are to investigate the misconceptions of the CLT among social sciences researchers and to address these misconceptions by clarifying the definition and properties of the CLT in a manner that is approachable to social science researchers. As part of our paper, we conducted a survey to examine the misconceptions of the CLT among graduate students and researchers in the social sciences. We found that the most common misconception of the CLT is that researchers think the CLT is about the convergence of sample data to the normal distribution. We also found that most researchers did not realize that the CLT applies to both sample means and sample sums, and that the CLT has implications for many common statistical concepts and techniques. Our paper addresses these misconceptions of the CLT by explaining the preliminaries needed to understand the CLT, introducing the formal definition of the CLT, and elaborating on the implications of the CLT.We hope that through this paper, researchers can obtain a more accurate and nuanced understanding of how the CLT operates as well as its role in a variety of statistical concepts and techniques.
Neural mechanisms of metacognitive improvement under speed pressure
Authors: Stone Caleb , Mattingley Jason , Rangelov Dragan
Published: June 2024

The ability to accurately monitor the quality of one’s choices (i.e., metacognition) is critical for adaptive decision-making. Metacognition improves under speed pressure, possibly due to elaborated post-decisional evidence processing. Here, we investigated the neural processes that regulate metacognition during decision-making using time-resolved analyses of electroencephalographic (EEG) data. Participants performed a motion discrimination task under short and long response deadlines. Following each response, participants rated their desire to change their mind. To understand the interplay between decision-making and metacognition at a neural level, we characterised the centro-parietal positivity (CPP), a neural correlate of evidence accumulation. Participants were faster and less accurate under speed pressure, but showed superior metacognition. This effect was driven by improved error awareness and was accompanied by larger CPP amplitude on short deadline trials. Under both short and long deadlines, greater pre-decisional CPP amplitude was associated with correct responses and predicted less desire to change one’s mind, whereas greater post-decisional CPP amplitude was associated with incorrect responses and predicted more desire to changes one’s mind. Our results suggest speed pressure alters the evidence accumulation process, leading to changes in metacognitive readout relative to long response deadlines.
Cryptocurrency and the State: Evidence from South Korea
Authors: Ahn Chloe , Obermeier Nina
Published: June 2024

National currencies have long been associated with nation-state building and the expansion of state control. The rise of cryptocurrencies has the potential to disrupt state-society relations traditionally mediated through state-issued currencies. However, unregulated cryptocurrencies may be perceived as too unsafe to act as a true alternative to government-regulated currencies or investment vehicles. Cryptocurrency’s failures may instead lead people to appreciate the role of government more. Using the case of South Korea, we show that public discourse on cryptocurrencies has been more negative than positive in recent years. A demographically representative survey experiment reveals that exposing South Koreans to information about the volatility of cryptocurrencies increases their trust in government, as hypothesized. At the same time, exposure to positive information about cryptocurrencies does not undermine trust in government or support for government regulation. These results point to limitations of unregulated cryptocurrencies when it comes to eroding state-society relations.
An Infinite Product for π and the Golden Ratio
Authors: Llorente Antonio Gracia
Published: June 2024

We present a Wallis-type infinite product for π the Golden Ratio (φ) using the product expansion for the sine function.
Frühe mathematische Entwicklung und die Bedeutung von Interaktionsqualität in Kindertageseinrichtungen. Ein Methodenbericht zur Konzeption und Umsetzung des EarlyMath Projekts
Authors: Lehrl Simone , Linberg Anja , Dornheim Dorothea , Besser Nadine , Baron Franka , Klemm Johanna , Roßbach Hans-Günther , Weinert Sabine
Published: June 2024

Die Grundlagen für den Erwerb mathematischer Kompetenzen werden sehr früh gelegt und können grundsätzlich durch anregungsreiche Lernumgebungen gefördert werden. Inwieweit durch Interventionen angereicherte institutionelle Lernumgebungen im Kleinkindalter auch den Entwicklungsverlauf der Kinder über das gesamte Vorschulalter hinweg beeinflussen, ist bislang wenig erforscht. Ziel des Projekts ist es, die Entwicklung früher mathematischer Kompetenzen und die Veränderbarkeit der Qualität der Fachkraft-Kind-Interaktion im Altersbereich unter drei Jahren durch die Implementierung einer Fortbildung und deren Auswirkungen auf die kindliche mathematische Kompetenzentwicklung bis ins Kindergartenalter zu untersuchen. Das Design sieht dazu Erhebungen kurz vor (MZP1) und nach der Intervention (MZP2) sowie ein Jahr später (MZP3) im Alter zwischen zwei und vier Jahren vor.
Persistent evidential discordance
Authors: Reijula Samuli , Sequeiros Sofia Blanco
Published: June 2024

Successful replication is a hallmark of scientific truth. Discordant evidence refers to the situation where findings from different studies of the same phenomenon do not agree. Although evidential discordance can spur scientific discovery, it also gives scientists a reason to rationally disagree and thereby compromises the formation of scientific consensus. Discordance indicates that facts about the phenomenon of interest remain unsettled and that a finding may not be reliably replicable. We single out persistent evidential discordance as a particularly difficult problem for the epistemology of science, and distinguish between different causes of evidential discordance – non-systematic error, noise, and bias. Unlike discordance brought about by non-systematic error or noise, persistent discordance often cannot be rationally resolved by temporarily suspending judgment and collecting more data within existing lines of inquiry. We suggest that the analysis of enriched lines of evidence (Boyd 2018) provides a useful approach to diagnosing and evaluating episodes of persistent evidential discordance. Attention to the line of evidence, which extends from raw data to an evidential claim supporting or disconfirming a hypothesis, can help researchers to locate the source of discordance between inconsistent findings. We argue that reference to metadata, information about how the data were generated and processed, can be a key step in the process of resolving normative questions of correctness, i.e., whether a line of evidence provides a legitimate answer to a particular research question. We illustrate our argument with two cases: the alleged discovery of gravitational waves in the late 1960s, and the social priming controversy in experimental psychology.
Does it Harm Science to Suppress Dissenting Evidence?
Authors: Coates Matthew
Published: June 2024

There has been increased attention on how scientific communities should respond to spurious dissent. One proposed method is to hide such dissent by preventing its publication. To investigate this, I computationally model the epistemic effects of hiding dissenting evidence on scientific communities. I find that it is typically epistemically harmful to hide dissent, even when there exists an agent purposefully producing biased dissent. However, hiding dissent also allows for quicker correct epistemic consensus among scientists. Quicker consensus may be important when policy decisions must be made quickly, such as during a pandemic, suggesting times when hiding dissent may be useful.
How Cannabis Users Evaluate Risks, Monitor their Use, and Plan to Get Home Safely: Identifying user groups based on their self-regulation and associations with driving risks
Authors: Sukhawathanakul Paweena , Li Jie , Contreras Alejandra , Geddes Otis , Maillet Myles
Published: June 2024

Objective. Preventing Cannabis-impaired driving involves understanding how users assess risk, monitor their use, and plan to get home safely. While extant research has shown substantial heterogeneity in patterns of cannabis use among different user groups, far less research has examined self-regulation among users. The current study aims to identify sub-groups of cannabis users based on how they perceive risks, monitor their impairment, and plan to avoid driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) to examine how the different profiles relate to DUIC outcomes. Methods. A BC sub-sample of regular cannabis users from the International Cannabis Policy study (N = 886, Mage = 43.58, SDage = 13.67; 63% female) completed a 2022 online survey. Risk perception, impairment monitoring, planning ability, DUIC-related behaviours, Cannabis use, and related problems were assessed. Results. Latent profile analysis identified cannabis user groups based on level of risk perception, monitoring, and plan to avoid DUI. A three-profile solution had the best fit (LL=-3053.30; BIC=6194.83; entropy=.72). Majority (51%) showed moderate self-regulation with average levels of risk perception, monitoring, and planning. A ‘highly self-regulated’ group (20%) had greatest risk perception, monitoring, and planning. A ‘low self-regulated’ group (29%) had lowest risk perception, less confidence in monitoring, and lower DUI planning. There were significant differences between the profiles and DUIC outcomes. Cannabis users with high self-regulation were less likely to be passengers of drivers under the influence and more likely to intervene to stop friends from driving while impaired, compared to those with low or moderate self-regulation. However, there were no profile differences in reports of having ever driven under the influence of cannabis. Conclusions. Differences in risk perception, monitoring, and planning are associated with self-regulatory abilities. Understanding diverse self-regulation patterns among cannabis users can help identify and mitigate risky behaviors, including DUI.
Zależność pomiędzy poziomem miłości, liczbą dzieci a otwartością na doświadczenia.
Authors: Łaskarzewska Kaja
Published: June 2024

W niniejszej pracy zdecydowałam się zbadać zależność pomiędzy poziomem miłości, liczbą dzieci a otwartością na doświadczenia. Przebadane zostały łącznie 53 osoby, a w tym 33 kobiety i 20 mężczyzn. Osoby badane były w wieku od 25 do 60 roku życia, przy czym średnia wieku badanych to 36 lat. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone za pomocą ankiety internetowej. Wyniki nie potwierdziły mojej hipotezy. Nie zauważono związku pomiędzy miłością, liczbą dzieci a otwartością na doświadczenia.
Current research practices on pro-environmental behavior: A survey of environmental psychologists
Authors: Brick Cameron , Aldoh Alaa , Sachisthal Maien S. M. , Cologna Viktoria , Berger Sebastian , Bauer Jan Michael , Lange Florian , Wolske Kimberly , Sparkman Gregg , Hanss Daniel , Johnsen Svein Åge K. , Nielsen Kristian Steensen
Published: June 2024

The study of pro-environmental behavior is foundational to environmental psychology. However, there is no dominant framework for categorizing behaviors (e.g., diet/travel; public/private; consumer/advocate) nor an umbrella theory for explaining how such behaviors arise. It remains unclear how researchers select which types of pro-environmental behavior to study. There is also debate about whether prioritizing easy-to-measure pro-environmental behaviors may limit the conservation impact of research. Learning how researchers select theories and behaviors to study, and what challenges they perceive in doing so, could help advance these debates. We report a survey of 225 pro-environmental behavior researchers about how they select theories, methods, and behaviors, and their open science practices, using closed questions and open responses with thematic coding. The results show gaps between what researchers recommend and what they practice (e.g., there are too few replications), and we identify the most used theories and what they are used for. The findings also provide insights on the most common types of pro-environmental behaviors and measures. Overall, these results show how researchers currently balance priorities, including the ease of measurement and the perceived importance of impact. We hope these results stimulate discussion and support high-quality research on pro-environmental behaviors.
Age-related differences in trust beliefs during middle childhood: Downward-extension and validation of the General Trust Scale
Authors: Wheeler Alex , Ohan Jeneva , Bayliss Donna
Published: June 2024

There are conflicting suggestions concerning the developmental trend of trust beliefs during middle childhood. Across three studies, the current research developed a brief measure of child general trust beliefs, as well as child measures of trust in peers and online, and examined age-related differences in these beliefs. Study 1 explored the appropriateness of downward extending the General Trust Scale. Studies 2 and 3 developed the child version of this scale and adapted the target of trust to construct two additional scales measuring trust beliefs in peers and online. These studies also demonstrated the psychometric properties of these scales, and that trust beliefs are positively associated with friendship quality and psychosocial well-being outcomes in children. In addition, Study 3 demonstrated small age-related decreases in general and peer trust. This finding suggests children may become more discerning during middle childhood. Implications of these age-related changes and the use of these novel scales is discussed.
Occupational change and geographical inequality in Italy at sub-national level
Authors: Avola Maurizio , Piccitto Giorgio , Cantalini Stefano , Panichella Nazareno
Published: June 2024

This article aims to analyze the trajectories of occupational change in Italy at sub-national level, comparing the Italian provinces classified according to their degree of marginality and considering the traditional North/South dualism. Our analysis of occupational change applies a multi-indicators approach, by making use of four different indicators of job quality (ISEI, SIOPS, wage and education associated with each occupation), and it has been estimated through the quintiles analysis. The empirical evidence clearly shows different patterns of occupational change in the Italian provinces according to their degree of marginality. For all four indicators considered, the patterns of occupational change are always worse in the marginal provinces than elsewhere, highlighting a process of divergence or cumulative disadvantage which contributes to strengthening the geographical inequality in Italy at the sub-national level. Moreover, the trajectories of occupational change by province take peculiar nuances when distinguishing between Centre-North and South. For all the job quality indicators considered, the process of occupational change takes the worst connotations and dimensions in the marginal provinces of the South. This outcome depicts a double disadvantage which affects the marginal provinces of the South and remarks the relevance of the traditional Italian dualism.