bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vapor pressure deficit control and mechanical vibration techniques to induce self-pollination in strawberry flowers
Authors: Lee Hyein , Cui Meiyan , Lee Byungkwan , Myung Jeesang , Shin Jaewook , Chun Changhoo
Published: February 2025

Background

Pollination strategies to supplement or replace insect pollinators are needed to produce marketable strawberry fruits in indoor vertical farms. To ensure the self-pollination of strawberry flowers, anther dehiscence, and pollen attachment were investigated under different vapor pressure deficit (VPD) conditions and external mechanical wave vibrations.

Results

The proportion of dehisced anthers was examined under VPDs of 2.06, 1.58, and 0.33 kPa, and the projected area of pollen clumps was assessed under VPDs of 2.06 and 0.33 kPa. After exposing flowers to a VPD of 2.06 kPa, vibrations with various frequency (Hz) and root mean square acceleration (m s−2) combinations were used to evaluate pollination effectiveness. The anthers underwent complete dehiscence at VPDs of 2.06, 1.58, and 0.33 kPa. The pollen clump ejection index was highest at a VPD of 2.06 kPa. Pollen clump detachment was effective at 800 Hz with 40 m s−2, while pollen attachment to the stigma was most effective at 100 Hz with 30 and 40 m s−2.

Conclusions

These findings demonstrate that high VPD promotes anther dehiscence timing and facilitates pollen clump formation, while specific vibration frequencies with high acceleration optimize pollen detachment and stigma attachment, offering an effective strategy for controlled strawberry pollination in vertical farming.
Evidence based QUality Improvement for Prescribing Stewardship in ICU (EQUIPS-ICU): protocol for type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness study
Authors: Wagstaff Duncan , Amausi John , Arfin Sumaiya , Aryal Diptesh , Nor Mohd Basri Mat , Bonney Joseph , Dondorp Arjen , Dongelmans David , Dullawe Layoni , Fazla Fathima , Ghose Aniruddha , Hanciles Eva , Haniffa Rashan , Hashmi Madiha , Smith Adam Hewitt , Kumar Bharath , Minh Yen Lam , Moonesinghe Ramani , Pisani Luigi , Sendagire Cornelius , Hasan Mohd Shahnaz , Ghalib Maryam Shamal , Frimpong Moses Siaw , Ranzani Otavio , Sultan Menbeu , Thomson David , Tripathy Swagata , Thwaites Louise , Uddin Rabiul Alam Md. Erfan , Mazlan Mohd Zulfakar , Waweru-Siika Wangari , Beane Abigail
Published: February 2025

Background

Approximately half of all antimicrobial prescriptions in intensive care units (ICUs) may be inappropriate, including those prescribed when not needed, in unnecessary combinations or for longer durations than needed. Inappropriate prescribing is costly, exposes patients to unnecessary side-effects and drives population-level antimicrobial resistance, the prevalence and consequences of which are greatest in low- and middle-income countries. However, the implementation of interventions to improve the appropriateness of antimicrobial prescribing has been variable and requires further study.

Methods

We propose a type III hybrid implementation/effectiveness interventional cohort trial in 35 ICUs in up to 11 low- and middle- income countries. The study intervention is a structured review of antimicrobial prescriptions as recommended by the World Health Organisation. Strategies to support stakeholder-led implementation include development of local protocols, registry-enabled audit and feedback, and education. Evaluation of implementation, and the determinants of its success, is informed by the RE-AIM framework and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research respectively. The primary outcome is a composite measure of fidelity, reach and adoption. Secondary outcomes describe the effectiveness of the intervention on improving antimicrobial prescribing. Qualitative interviews will assess relevant implementation acceptability, adaptations and maintenance. A baseline survey will investigate ICU-level antimicrobial stewardship structures and processes.

Discussion

This study addresses global policy priorities by supporting implementation research of antimicrobial stewardship, and strengthening associated healthcare professional competencies. It does this in a setting where improvement is sorely needed: low- and middle- income country ICUs. The study will also describe the influence of pre-existing antimicrobial stewardship structures and processes on implementation and improve understanding about the efficacy of strategies to overcome barriers to implementation in these settings.

Trial registration

This study protocol has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (ref NCT06666738) on 31 Oct 2004. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06666738?term=NCT06666738&rank=1.
Biodiversity effects of the Russia–Ukraine War and the Kakhovka Dam destruction: ecological consequences and predictions for marine, estuarine, and freshwater communities in the northern Black Sea
Authors: Kvach Yuriy , Stepien Carol A. , Minicheva Galyna G. , Tkachenko Pavlo
Published: February 2025

Background

The effects of war on biodiversity, habitats, ecosystem services, and water, seafood, and fishing resources are complex and long-lasting, yet their ongoing environmental analyses are limited. The Russia–Ukraine War (2022–present) comprises a unique ecological situation to examine biodiversity effects on the distinctive cold-temperate northern Black Sea ecosystem, which has an intriguing biogeographic history and high endemism resulting from geographic isolation and differentiation.

Results

We summarize negative and positive effects from the War on the aquatic (marine, estuarine, and freshwater) biota and their habitats, focusing on investigations by the Institute of Marine Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Negative effects include toxins and habitat damage from oil spills, shelling, mining, explosions, flooding, and fires; along with disregard of Protected Areas. Positive effects are reduced anthropogenic loads from less shipping, fishing, trawling, recreation, hydraulic engineering, construction, and tourism. The Kakhovka Dam’s destruction on June 6, 2023 was the greatest ecological catastrophe to date, causing extensive downstream flooding with freshwaters and pollutants that destroyed many populations and habitats. We discern that many effects have been temporary, with habitats and species replenishing, and some reverting to their historical biota characteristic of lower salinity regimes. However, significant habitat destruction, disturbances, and pollutant damages remain. Since many of the native species evolved in conditions favoring broad salinity, temperature, and oxygen tolerances, the northern Black Sea ecosystem appears pre-adapted for ecological recovery and persistence, which may equate to ecological resilience during and after the War.

Conclusions

The native biota exhibits long-term adaptiveness to marked salinity and temperature fluctuations, alongside a background of invasive species. An evolutionary and recent history of broad environmental tolerances by a large proportion of Black Sea species may enhance their ability to withstand marked environmental changes, including habitat destruction, as during the Kakhovka Dam's breakage and other stressors that continue during the Russia–Ukraine War. The Black Sea community’s overall ecological resilience is likely to facilitate persistence and adaptation to the War’s effects and the accelerating impacts of climate change, increased global transportation, and invasive species—meriting worldwide conservation agency focus and cooperation.
Alcohol accelerates the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through elevated Gram-negative bacteria in peripheral circulation
Authors: Zhang Zehua , Kang Le , Gu Yanfen , Leng Zhuyun , Chen Tao , Xu Meidong
Published: February 2025

Alcohol consumption is intricately linked to the incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study comprehensively investigates the role of alcohol-induced microbial alterations in ESCC progression. A retrospective analysis of 328 patients demonstrated that alcohol consumption markedly increases the risk of ESCC and boosts the expression of the proliferation marker Ki67. Patients with alcohol-related ESCC exhibited substantially higher blood microbiome diversity, characterized by the dominance of Gram-negative bacteria, and elevated serum lipopolysaccharides (LPS) levels. In a mouse model, alcohol consumption not only augmented tumor burden but also compromised gut barrier integrity, facilitating bacterial translocation. Significant elevations in Gram-negative bacteria, such as Bacteroidales in the blood and Escherichia coli in esophageal tissues, were observed. Mechanistically, alcohol and LPS synergistically activated pro-inflammatory pathways, including TNF, TLR, NF-κB, and MAPK, which fueled ESCC cell proliferation. Meanwhile, LPS triggered necroptosis in normal esophageal epithelial cells. These findings reveal that alcohol-induced microbial dysbiosis in peripheral circulation and LPS-mediated inflammatory responses form a novel pathogenic mechanism in ESCC. Targeting Gram-negative bacteria and LPS could provide a promising therapeutic strategy for managing alcohol-related ESCC. Further research is urgently warranted to explore the interaction between microbial changes and the tumor microenvironment.
Distance, weather, and forage conditions drive timing of autumn migration in female mule deer
Authors: Anton Colby B. , DeCesare Nicholas J. , Peterson Collin J.
Published: February 2025

Background

Seasonal migration is a behavioral strategy that animals evolved to exploit seasonally changing resources. Ungulates in northern temperate landscapes often seasonally migrate between low-elevation winter ranges and higher-elevation summer ranges, allowing individuals to exploit a diversity of forage resources during summer while avoiding extreme conditions during winter. In autumn, the timing of this behavior often overlaps with hunting seasons for managed ungulate populations. Migration presents challenges for managing ungulates when the timing of autumn migrations varies across years and migrations cross management jurisdictions.

Methods

We evaluated the spatial and temporal patterns of autumn migration using GPS collar data collected during 2017–2019 from 68 female mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) that migrated seasonally within three study areas in northwest Montana. We related the timing of autumn migration to environmental variables including precipitation, snow depth and density, temperature, plant phenology, migration distance, and estimates of relative hunting intensity. We summarized variables across multiple temporal scales (2-day, and 1 week) to identify possible lagged or cumulative effects of conditions on mule deer behavior. We incorporated these variables into a time-to-event modeling framework to estimate their relative impacts on the timing of initiation of autumn migration.

Results

The collective annual space use of deer in each study area spanned up to 9 hunting districts, and individual deer used an average of 2.1, 2.8, and 2.0 hunting districts per year (range 1–4) in the Cabinet-Fisher, Rocky Mountain Front, and Whitefish study areas, respectively. Furthermore, the return of deer to winter ranges occurred over a 3-month timeframe spanning archery, rifle, and closed hunting periods. While some deer returned to winter range relatively early during archery season in September, others remained in summer range into December, after the general rifle season concluded. Declines in daily minimum temperatures and increased weekly precipitation provided the strongest cues for mule deer to begin their autumn migration. Mule deer with longer migration distances were more likely to initiate their migration sooner, and declining forage conditions also showed a modest effect on timing. Mule deer migrations occurred during times of lower hunting activity prior to its peak during rifle season.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates changing weather conditions were the primary driver of the initiation of autumn migration for mule deer. Given most migrations spanned more than one hunting district, the boundaries of management units were mismatched with the scale of ecological processes, implying that management actions in certain districts may have unintended consequences for populations in nearby districts.
Calibration of h'Es from VIPIR2 ionosondes in Japan
Authors: Teraoka Sorai , Liu Huixin , Nishioka Michi , Saito Susumu , Takahashi Toru , Kumamoto Atsushi , Ashihara Yuki , Abe Takumi
Published: February 2025

The measurement of virtual height of the sporadic E layer (h'Es) is very sensitive to the type of ionosonde used and the calibration processes. The ionosondes used by the national institute of communication and technology (NICT) has changed several times in the past, resulting in large differences in h'Es before and after the change. We propose a simple method to calibrate h'Es. We used the data of ionosonde observations at four stations, i.e., Wakkanai (45.16°N, 141.75°E), Tokyo (35.71°N, 139.49°E), Yamagawa (31.20°N, 130.62°E), Okinawa (26.68°N, 128.15°E) to calibrate the latest ionosondes VIPIR2, which were installed in May 2017. We carried out the analysis by applying the double-reflection method to the original ionogram images between 2017 and 2021. By developing an automated image detecting algorithm, we were able to process a large amount of data and achieve a calibration with high accuracy. As a result, it was found that the current VIPIR2 data had an offset of 26–28 km.

Graphical abstract
Sessions of acupuncture and nutritional therapy evaluation for atrial fibrillation (Santé-AF): a randomised feasibility study
Authors: Charlesworth Karen , Torgerson David J. , Watson Judith M.
Published: February 2025

Background

Atrial fibrillation is a common cardiac arrhythmia, associated with debilitating symptoms and a decrease in health-related quality of life. Current treatments for atrial fibrillation may not provide symptomatic relief and are associated with risks and adverse responses. Large-scale trials are justified to investigate whether complementary therapies may improve symptoms and/or health-related quality of life in atrial fibrillation. To reduce the uncertainty of a future trial, a feasibility study was carried out.

Design and methods

A three-arm, parallel-group, pragmatic randomised controlled feasibility study recruited 30 participants with paroxysmal AF aged 45–70 from NHS primary care, randomising to Group A (acupuncture + usual care), Group B (nutritional therapy + usual care) or Group C (usual care alone) using a 2:2:1 allocation ratio in favour of the interventions. Interventions were delivered by private practitioners. Seven feasibility objectives were investigated, including participants’ willingness to take part, appropriateness of eligibility criteria, participant retention and acceptability of interventions and study assessments. Additional exploratory feasibility objectives were investigated, including the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and the safety of interventions. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and reflexive thematic analysis, and the study used a sequential convergent mixed methods design to understand whether, and why, objectives were feasible and to make recommendations for a future trial.

Results

Five feasibility objectives’ progression criteria were met, one did not meet its progression threshold and one was abandoned as infeasible to analyse but did not affect feasibility. Recommendations for a future trial include changes in eligibility criteria to reflect real-world populations and changes to assessment methods to reduce participant burden. Uncertainty remains around the effect on the feasibility of reversion to pre-COVID therapy and study assessment delivery, including a recommended longer follow-up.

Conclusion

A future large-scale trial was found to be feasible with adjustments, but some uncertainty remains.

Trial registration

ISRCTN13671984. Registered on June 04, 2020.
Health needs assessment tool for identifying the health issues among community residents with unmet needs
Authors: Kobashi Yurie
Published: February 2025

Background

This study aimed to discuss the method for designing a community project, especially in a resource-limited setting, using a health needs assessment tool, the Community Health Issues Interview Sheet, for the design of a project in the initial phase.

Methods

The Community Health Issues Interview Sheet was developed; this tool applied more than four field and modified based on feedback from researchers and stakeholders.

Results

When researchers from outside a target community design a community project, there are three factors to consider: resource size, target population, and focused health issues. The interview sheet was aimed at identifying priority health issues among the target population.

Conclusions

All community projects should be well-designed, and priority health issues should be assessed using a health needs assessment tool, such as the interview sheet in the initial project stage. Further education for researchers about project design in communities with resource-limited settings should be provided, and research on the experience of using the health needs assessment tool should be accumulated.
Application of the quality by design (QbD) approach to the development and validation of analytical methods for the quantification of Lumateperone Tosylate as the bulk drug and capsule dosage form by HPLC
Authors: Bavadekar Vasudha S. , Joshi Angha M. , Desai Ujwala S.
Published: February 2025

Background

The current studies involve the development of a liquid chromatographic method that is highly effective (HPLC) for the Lumateperone Tosylate method that is simple, rapid, accurate, precise, and economical, all made possible by analytical quality by design (AQbD). The HPLC method’s experimental settings were multivariately optimised by using the design of experiments to determine critical method parameters, and the Ishikawa diagram was used for risk assessment. A two-factor, three-level design was used for the factor screening investigations. Mathematical models were created using two independent factors: the buffer’s pH and the composition of the mobile phase. The response surface methodology and the impacts of these independent aspects were thoroughly examined using central composite design, which allowed for the evaluation of the critical method attributes (CMAs). The parameters of method robustness include retention time, peak area, and symmetry factor. Utilising the desirability function, the optimisation of the CMAs took place at the same time.

Results

According to the contour diagram’s optimised data, 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH = 3.2): acetonitrile (80:20 v/v) was selected as a mobile phase with a 1 mL/min flow rate. A Zorbax SB C18 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ chromatographic column with a UV detector at 230 nm was used and oven temperature was maintained at 25 °C. Lumateperone Tosylate showed linearity in the concentration range of 25–250 µg/mL (r2 = 0.9921). % RSD for interday and intraday precision was found to be 0.25–0.52 and 0.12–0.32, respectively. The % assay of drug content was found to be 100.01 ± 0.06, and accuracy was found to be 100.30–100.65%. In compliance with ICH recommendations, the optimised assay conditions were validated.

Conclusion

Therefore, it was clearly shown from the results that the AQbD methodology could be effectively used to optimise the HPLC method for Lumateperone Tosylate analysis. The technique was used to assess the Lumateperone Tosylate content in capsules as well.
The Risk of Adrenal Insufficiency after Treatment with Relatlimab in Combination with Nivolumab is Higher than Expected
Authors: Chamorro-Pareja Natalia , Faje Alexander T , Miller Karen K
Published: February 2025

Context

Adrenal insufficiency from hypophysitis is a complication of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, the risk associated with relatlimab, a lymphocyte activation gene 3 inhibitor, is unknown. Relatlimab was approved in 2022 in combination with nivolumab for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma.

Objective

To determine the prevalence, identify risk factors, and characterize the clinical presentation of central adrenal insufficiency in patients receiving relatlimab-nivolumab compared to nivolumab alone.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of Mass General Brigham healthcare system patients who received relatlimab-nivolumab from 2015 to 2023 matched by age, sex and race to individuals receiving monotherapy with nivolumab, an ICI with a risk of hypophysitis of <1%.

Results

Adrenal insufficiency was diagnosed in 10 patients (7.6%) after relatlimab-nivolumab administration and in 1 patient (0.8%) after nivolumab monotherapy (p=0.00056). Within the relatlimab-nivolumab group, median age and sex were comparable in patients who developed adrenal insufficiency compared to those who did not. The median number of doses received by subjects who developed adrenal insufficiency was 7 (4-10) compared to 3 (2-6) in those who did not (p=0.03). The most common presenting symptoms were fatigue, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. No patients were diagnosed with additional anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies or AVP deficiency, though not all patients were evaluated for these diagnoses.

Conclusions

This study is the first cohort analysis of hypophysitis in patients treated with relatlimab-nivolumab compared to nivolumab monotherapy. Combination treatment with relatlimab-nivolumab confers a significantly higher risk of developing adrenal insufficiency, likely secondary to hypophysitis, compared to nivolumab alone.
Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes: Pathophysiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Relevance
Authors: Apostolopoulou Maria , Lambadiari Vaia , Roden Michael , Dimitriadis George D
Published: February 2025

People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are usually considered to exclusively exhibit β-cell failure, but they frequently also feature insulin resistance. This review discusses the mechanisms, clinical features, and therapeutic relevance of insulin resistance by focusing mainly on human studies using gold-standard techniques (euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp). In T1D, tissue-specific insulin resistance can develop early and sustain throughout disease progression. The underlying pathophysiology is complex, involving both metabolic- and autoimmune-related factors operating synergistically. Insulin treatment may play an important pathogenic role in predisposing individuals with T1D to insulin resistance. However, the established lifestyle-related risk factors and peripheral insulin administration inducing glucolipotoxicity, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, inflammation, mitochondrial abnormalities, and oxidative stress cannot always fully explain insulin resistance in T1D, suggesting a phenotype distinct from type 2 diabetes. The mutual interaction between insulin resistance and impaired endothelial function further contributes to diabetes-related complications. Insulin resistance should therefore be considered a treatment target in T1D. Aside from lifestyle modifications, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion can ameliorate insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, thereby improving glucose toxicity compared with multiple injection insulin treatment. Among other concepts, metformin, pioglitazone, incretin-based drugs such as GLP-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors, and pramlintide can improve insulin resistance, either directly or indirectly. However, considering the current issues of high cost, side effects, limited efficacy, and their off-label status, these agents in people with T1D are not widely used in routine clinical care at present.
“The Intuitive Lianas of My Hands”
Authors: Hiddleston Jane
Published: February 2025

Frantz Fanon famously reacted to Jean-Paul Sartre’s appropriation of Negritude with the assertion that he would rebuild it with his hands, working intuitively to regrow Black subjectivity as if in the coiling form of the liana tree. Fanon’s reference to the “lianes intuitives” suggests at once a primary, sensory activity and a complicity with a plant form that symbolizes creative interweaving. This essay takes Fanon’s response to Negritude as a starting point for an analysis of the figure of the liana as a symbol of relationality and transformation in the work of Suzanne and Aimé Césaire, where the “homme-plante” embedded in the ecosystem represents a salutary environmental ethics.
S’habiller sexy en body string
Authors: Lydner Rashana Vikara
Published: February 2025

This essay examines the discourse surrounding respectability politics and the French Guianese “bad gyal” Bamby’s performance of femininity in French Guiana and the wider French Caribbean. It argues that Bamby’s style of s’habiller sexy (dressing sexy) is more than just her way of dressing. In fact, it encompasses the topics of her songs, her choice to sing in French Guianese Creole and Jamaican Creole, and embodiment. In addition, the essay shows how the critiques of Bamby’s performance from the YouTube video “La Polémique BAMBY et l’image de la Femme” highlight the restrictive gender ideologies that exist for women in the French Caribbean. In examining how Bamby’s performance of femininity differs from the ideal version of French Antillean-Guianese womanhood, the author shows how she re-envisions the trope of the femme ochan (promiscuous woman)⁠ or the ghetto feminist to embrace her femininity and sexuality and challenge cultural and national codes of respectability.
Pan-Africanism and the Works and Lives of Otto and Hermina Huiswoud
Authors: Delea Mano
Published: February 2025

This essay discusses the works and lives of Otto and Hermina Huiswoud in relation to their contributions to Pan-Africanism in particular and how this relates to Black thinkers in the Dutch orbit in general. While there is a lot of knowledge available of a range of European colonial trajectories and their legacies across the Americas and Africa, particularly for the colonies that were in the possession of Britain, France, Portugal, and Spain, there is far less information about the colonies of the smaller nations, such as the Netherlands. Engaging with the smaller territories extends knowledge of colonialism in all its variations and enables scholars to take up a wider range of Black thinkers, and as the author argues, they are all relevant to broadening knowledge with regard to a distinctive Africana intellectual tradition.
Haitian Feminist Futures
Authors: Jean-Charles Régine Michelle
Published: February 2025

In response to the various review essays, this essay ponders the afterlives of Looking for Other Worlds: Black Feminism and Haitian Fiction (2022) by reflecting on the presence and absence in Caribbean literature of Haitian girls’ dreams for the future. The author examines the Haitian girl characters in novels by Kettly Mars, Yanick Lahens, and Évelyne Trouillot, as well as in a poem by Claudine Michel. The essay builds on this work in search of Haitian feminist futures by exploring girl characters in Saika Césu’s novel Tifi and Shirley Bruno’s short film Tezen as examples of centering Haitian girlhood.
Examining the “Opportunities”
Authors: Mambwe Elastus
Published: February 2025

A recent development in the screen industry in Zambia has sparked optimism. The African entertainment giant M-Net’s launch of the regional television channel Zambezi Magic on the pay-television platform DStv since 2015 has especially been hailed as an opportunity for the nascent filmmaking country. This chapter examines the identified opportunities that Zambezi Magic presents for the film industry in Zambia, taking into account that the channel is an expansion strategy for parent company, MultiChoice, into the southern African regional screen production market. Utilizing qualitative in-depth interviews and document analysis, the chapter recognizes the contributions of Zambezi Magic, arguing that while the channel is an example of a counterflow of global media and culture, it is also representative of the expansionist actions of media firms from the Global South that may also have a threatening impact on local industry players.
Cinema in the Church
Authors: Olayiwola Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

Creating an alternative in the face of insufficiency typifies the entire film industry in Nigeria. The video film industry itself started as an alternative to celluloid film technology. The idea of serving as an alternative has always been in the mind of evangelical filmmakers in Nigeria. The evangelical film worldview, grounded in Nigeria but with a global dimension, creates a specific tradition of filmmaking and film exhibition where church screenings have become an exciting development in the cycle of film exhibition in Nigeria. The chapter argues that these new cinema spaces and the networks they convene have influenced the mode of distribution and consumption of the Nigerian media screen at home and abroad, and can become a model for other African screen worlds. The emergence and then proliferation of church screenings offer a vivid case study of the wide possibilities and ever-evolving nature of African screen worlds.
Eye-gesture control of computer systems via artificial intelligence
Authors: Mohamed Nachaat
Published: February 2025

Background Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers transformative potential for human-computer interaction, particularly through eye-gesture recognition, enabling intuitive control for users and accessibility for individuals with physical impairments. Methods We developed an AI-driven eye-gesture recognition system using tools like OpenCV, MediaPipe, and PyAutoGUI to translate eye movements into commands. The system was trained on a dataset of 20,000 gestures from 100 diverse volunteers, representing various demographics, and tested under different conditions, including varying lighting and eyewear. Results The system achieved 99.63% accuracy in recognizing gestures, with slight reductions to 98.9% under reflective glasses. These results demonstrate its robustness and adaptability across scenarios, confirming its generalizability. Conclusions This system advances AI-driven interaction by enhancing accessibility and unlocking applications in critical fields like military and rescue operations. Future work will validate the system using publicly available datasets to further strengthen its impact and usability.
Complications following miniplate insertion in maxillofacial fractures: a systematic review
Authors: Sejati Bramasto Purbo , Kusumaatmaja Ahmad , Widiastuti Maria Goreti , Haniastuti Tetiana
Published: February 2025

Background Maxillofacial fractures, frequently arising from road traffic incidents, falls, and acts of interpersonal aggression, are a considerable public health issue, exhibiting diverse epidemiological patterns according to demographic factors. The application of miniplates for fracture stabilization is a recognized technique, with innovative methods such as 3D plate systems emerging. Nonetheless, consequences including infections and hardware malfunctions persist. This systematic review seeks to present current evidence regarding the complications linked to miniplate placement in maxillofacial fractures over the last ten years. Methods A systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA principles. Databases such as the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus were examined from September 2014 to September 2024. Studies documenting problems related to miniplate placement were included, without language constraints. The ROBINS-I tool was utilized for non-randomized studies, whereas the Cochrane risk of bias tool was applied to randomized controlled trials. Results From 2,289 initially found studies, 56 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Among these, 28 employed interventional designs, whilst the remaining 28 were observational research. The predominant problems documented in several investigations encompassed infection, wound dehiscence, malocclusion, paraesthesia, malunion/non-union, segment movement, hardware failure, and palpable hardware. Advanced methodologies such as 3D plate systems and locking mechanisms were linked to diminished complication rates. Conclusion This systematic analysis presents a decade of updated research about problems associated with miniplate placement in maxillofacial fractures. Novel methodologies such as 3D plate systems and locking mechanisms demonstrate promise in mitigating problems relative to conventional techniques. These findings can facilitate informed decision-making in clinical practice. Additional study utilizing standardized outcomes and prospective designs is essential to enhance comprehension of the long-term effects of miniplate utilization.
Microscopy without a microscope? Opportunities and limitations of dental studies in anatomy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany
Authors: Peters Ann-Kathrin , Winter Karsten , Witt Elisabeth , Kuntzsch Hubert-Mario , Löffler Sabine
Published: February 2025

Aim During the COVID-19 pandemic, the microscopy course as part of the dental medical training in Leipzig, Germany, was offered both purely digitally and with reduced attendance time. The reformed regulations on the licensing of dentists (ZApprO; „Approbationsordnung für Zahnärzte und Zahnärztinnen“) now also provide the necessary legal basis for the curricular integration of digital teaching formats. Aim of this study is the detailed evaluation of the relevant courses and the resulting design of modern dental training. Methods Evaluation is based on the subjective experiences of the students and the learning success objectively measured using a digital assessment course. Data was collected in the form of a trend study in two consecutive years after completion of the second semester. Results Students were predominantly positive about the integrated approach, which combines classroom teaching with digital elements. The cohort that completed the course in this form also showed significantly better learning success than the purely digital cohort. Discussion Regardless of the continued importance of practical training in dental studies, digital teaching formats developed as an emergency solution at the beginning of the pandemic should be evaluated with regard to their success and the existing potential should be further expanded in a targeted manner.
Erratum to: The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in clinical practice for the treatment of periodontitis: a narrative review
Authors: Zajac-Grabiec Anna , Kuznik Magdalena , Penno Marta , Czopek Anna , Miszczyk Justyna
Published: February 2025

In the article "The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in clinical practice for the treatment of periodontitis: a narrative review" (DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2024-0040, 2024, Volume 37, Number 4, 249-257), the affiliations of the authors were given in the wrong order.

The correct affiliations for authors Anna Czopek #4 and Justyna Miszczyk #5 are listed below:
Anna Zajac-Grabiec1, Magdalena Kuznik2, Marta Penno3, Anna Czopek4, Justyna Miszczyk1
1 Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
2 Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Institute of Dentistry and General Medicine in Katowice, Poland
3 Department of Dentist, Dental Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical Collage, Krakow, Poland
4 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Perceptions and support of the Muslim community towards the development of marine halal tourism
Authors: Chairani Nur , Hidayaturrahman Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Halal Tourism is a culture-based tourism that prioritizes Islamic Principles and Sharia and hopes to build a superior moral personality as its foundation. The research used a qualitative descriptive method to develop marine halal tourism in Indonesia, especially on the island of Madura. Problem-solving methods used interviews, observations, documentation, and literature studies that refer to the Muslim community's perception of marine halal tourism in Indonesia. The results of this evaluation show that by cooperating with the Government of the Tourism Office, the community and other parties in the perception and support of the Muslim community to develop Marine Halal Tourism on the island of Madura and explore the potential of local areas to increase tourist visitor satisfaction to enjoy facility services by Islamic Sharia. In this case, Halal Maritime Tourism can provide positive things for the Muslim community, especially on Madura Island, so that they can maintain their culture and customs to maintain honor, and foreign tourists can also appreciate the local culture on Madura Island.
 
Keywords: Halal tourism, Maritime tourism, Muslim tourism.
Identification of halal labels on primary and secondary drug packaging at RSUD Dr. Soegiri Lamongan
Authors: Khoiro Niswatin , Kusumanegara Sri Bintang Sahara Mahaputra , Handayani Riana Prastiwi
Published: February 2025

The majority of religions practiced by residents in the Lamongan area are Islam. In Islam, it is commanded to seek treatment with what is halal and is prohibited from seeking treatment with what is haram. Consumers cannot meet the manufacturer directly, but they must pay attention to the halal label on the drug packaging to consider their choices. This study aims to determine the percentage of drugs with the halal logo at Dr Soegiri Lamongan. This research used an observational design with samples of oral medication packaging at Dr. RSUD. Soegiri Lamongan and use a purposive sampling technique. The instrument used is an observation sheet. The research results showed that from 395 items of oral drugs at RSUD Dr Soegiri Lamongan had a halal label 97 (25%) consisting of capsule preparations of 12 (22%) medicinal items, caplets 6 (12%) medicinal items, tablets 65 (27%) medicinal items, dry syrup 1 (10%) items of medicine, suspension 4 (40%) items of medicine, elixir 1 (100%) items of medicine, drops 2 (25%) items of medicine, and syrup 6 (35%) items of medicine. In contrast, those that do not have a halal label are 298 (75%) oral drugs. The McNemar Test results showed a value of p = 0.000 with a significance value of p < 0.05 for all drugs and oral solid drugs. Meanwhile, the results of the McNemar test on oral liquid drugs show a value of p = 1.000 with a significance value of p > 0.05. Thus, many oral drugs still do not have a halal label on their packaging. Thus, many oral drugs still do not have a halal label on their packaging. However, these drugs are not necessarily haram. The certification process takes quite a long time, and the critical points for halal medicine, which lie in the ingredients, processing, packaging, and storage, are important things in the halal certification process to obtain a halal medicine label.
 
Keywords: Critical points, Drug, Halal label, Packaging.
Production and characterization of halal-based gelatin derived from Red Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fishbone
Authors: Rahmayanti Mayu , Irsyadulibad Mohamad , Dewi Tanaya Jati Dharma , Firdausi Amalia Salsa Billah , Megawati Dewi Sinta
Published: February 2025

Gelatin is one of the chemical products derived from protein hydrolysis. The demand for gelatin in Indonesia increases yearly, but domestic production still needs to meet the demand, leading to imports. International gelatin production statistics indicate that 58% is derived from pig skin, which is prohibited for Muslims. Therefore, this research aims to produce halal-based gelatin that meets quality standards. Red Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fishbones are used as the raw material for this study, as their halal status is clear in the Quran and Hadith. The fishbones are soaked in different concentrations of phosphoric acid, namely F1 (4%), F2 (6%), and F3 (8%), for 48 hours, then extracted using distilled water solvent in a water bath for 6 hours. The extracted solution is filtered, and the filtrate is dried in an oven at 50°C for 48 hours. The gelatin yield is statistically analyzed using correlation methods, and its functional groups are identified using FTIR spectroscopy. Compared to existing standards, gelatin characteristics are evaluated through organoleptic tests, such as pH, gel strength, viscosity, moisture content, and ash content. The gelatin yield for F1 is 8.15 ± 0.18%; F2 is 12.08 ± 0.12%, and F3 is 15.66 ± 0.26%. The research demonstrates that phosphoric acid concentration significantly influences gelatin yield, with higher concentrations resulting in higher yields. The FTIR spectra also indicate that the synthesized gelatin resembles commercial gelatin in spectra and absorption peaks. All gelatin variations meet the requirements for organoleptic properties, gel strength, moisture content, and ash content, while only F1 and F2 meet the pH requirements.
 
Keywords: FTIR, halal gelatin, Red Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fishbone.
Swelling capacity analysis and oversize deviation of nata de coco processed by CV ABC Yogyakarta
Authors: Yahya Mirza Auly , Khairi Amalya Nurul , Uddin A. B. M. Helal
Published: February 2025

Nata de coco is a food product derived from fermented coconut water with the help of the bacterium Acetobacter xylinum. CV ABC is the company that always produces nata de coco and notices the quality of the product. The problem in this study lies in the product standard testing, which often results in deviations from the swelling capacity test and the oversized test, which do not comply with company standards, thereby reducing the quality of Nata de Coco products. This research activity aims to analyze and formulate solutions related to the factors that cause deviations in production results. The method used is quantitative, with a graphical control chart to determine the magnitude of deviations that occur in the swelling capacity test and oversize test. Fishbone diagrams are used to determine the factors causing nata de coco to deviations from company standards. The data is in the form of documentation of the results of the swelling capacity test and the oversized test of 15 data. Data collection used a random sampling technique, which involved taking 400-gram samples of nata de coco from each batch. The results of the 15-day analysis showed that the swelling capacity test did not meet company standards by 7 days, or 47%, and the oversized test did not meet the maximum limit by 4 days, or 27%. Factors that dominate the causes of irregularities are equipment and people. There is a need for machine standardization and employee discipline to maintain the quality of nata de coco.
 
Keywords: Nata de coco, Oversize, Swelling capacity.
Volatile profile and its application on species authentication of meat-based food
Authors: Indrasti Dias , Ramadhina Siti Hanifah Rifan
Published: February 2025

Meat and meat-based food produces a certain composition of volatile compounds, which can be used to identify its origin and, consequently, for food authentication. Numerous studies have explored the application of volatile compounds in identifying meat-based food using volatilomics, an emerging analytical technique. This review focuses on the volatile compound profiles, the factors influencing their production, method of extraction and detection, and their application in meat and meat-based products, with a brief discussion on their potential use for Halal authentication. The major volatile compounds associated with meat aromas include aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols, with variation in composition among different types of meat, though no definite pattern has been identified. Most of these volatile compounds are byproducts of the Maillard reaction, Strecker degradation, or interaction of both, as well as thiamine degradation. Head space-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) is meat's standard volatile compounds extraction method due to its convenience, solvent-free process, high sensitivity, and practicality. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is the primary analytical technique for detecting volatile metabolites and is considered the most effective among available methods  The volatilomics approach has also been applied in Halal authentication to distinguish among different animal species. The volatile compound profiles can differentiate meat-based products derived from chicken, beef, and pork. While the volatilomics approach shows great potential for use in Halal authentication, additional complementary methods are still required to obtain more comprehensive data.
 
Keywords: Aroma, Chromatography, Halal, Identification, Vapor, Volatilomics.
Assessing Direct Medical Costs and Quality of Life In Elderly Patients Using High-Alert Medications at Wongsonegoro Hospital
Authors: Supadmi Woro , Endang Darmawan  , Rizky Budi Santoso  , Sri Sulistyorini
Published: February 2025

High Alert Medications (HAM) are drugs that pose a significant risk of causing harm to patients if used incorrectly. This study aimed to evaluate the direct medical costs and quality of life of elderly patients aged 60 years and above using HAM at Wongsonegoro Hospital. An observational prospective cohort study design was employed, utilizing both secondary and primary data collection methods. Secondary data included patient demographics, medication usage, and direct medical costs obtained from hospital records and the finance department. Primary data on quality of life were gathered using the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. A total of 25 elderly patients were identified as users of HAM, with a gender distribution of 48% male and 52% female; 64% of these patients were aged between 60 and 70 years. The most prevalent medical condition among participants was diabetes mellitus, affecting 44% of one group and 32% of another. Sodium Chloride (NaCl) 500 mL infusion at a concentration of 3% was the most frequently administered medication (27.5%). The average direct medical cost for elderly patients using HAM was IDR 4,255,050. Additionally, the quality of life assessment revealed that 20% of patients experienced significant challenges in self-care activities. These findings highlight the impact of HAM on healthcare costs and quality of life among elderly patients, emphasizing the need for careful monitoring and management strategies to mitigate risks associated with high-alert medications.
VARIAÇÃO ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL NA QUALIDADE DO HABITAT BASEADO NO MODELO INVEST
Authors: Nascimento Débora Vitória Kucharski , Ribeiro Júlia Nyland do Amaral
Published: February 2025

A qualidade do habitat se refere a capacidade do ecossistema em fornecer benefícios à população. Em consequência às atividades antrópicas, essa qualidade é afetada, prejudicando a provisão dos serviços ecossistêmicos. Para tanto, objetiva-se demonstrar como as mudanças no uso e cobertura do solo podem alterar a qualidade dos habitats do município do Rio Grande (RS). Assim, para identificá-las, realizou-se uma classificação de uso e cobertura do solo para os anos de 2013 e 2021. Para estimar a qualidade do habitat foi utilizado o modelo Qualidade do Habitat do software InVEST, considerando cinco ameaças/estressores aos habitats naturais e foram definidos quatro habitats naturais para a aplicação do modelo. Através das análises do uso e cobertura do solo, constatou-se que as classes consideradas habitats naturais diminuíram sua área de ocupação, enquanto aumentou as classes consideradas atividades humanas/antrópica, como as Áreas Construídas, Solo Exposto, Silvicultura e Agricultura. Ao fazer as análises sobre os mapas de qualidade e degradação do habitat, resultados do modelo InVEST, percebeu-se que, em 2021, os habitats tiveram perda de sua qualidade e um aumento da degradação. Portanto, os resultados dessa pesquisa reforçam a associação entre as mudanças na qualidade dos habitats e no uso e cobertura do solo.