bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of the Psychological Status of Couples Attending Infertility Clinic of a Tertiary Healthcare Institution of New Delhi
Authors: Vijayan Sruthi M. , Rasania Sanjeev K. , Acharya Anita S. , Rasheed Nazish , Saxena Pikee
Published: February 2025

Background:

Globally, there are 48 million couples and 186 million individuals who live with infertility, and in India, there are approximately 22–23 million infertile couples. Infertility and its treatment can negatively influence the couple’s psychological well-being which in turn could affect their fertility and treatment outcome. Most of the studies have focused on the psychosocial stress among women due to infertility and very few studies have seen the impact it has on men. Hence, the objective of the study is to assess the psychological status of the couples attending the infertility clinic of a tertiary healthcare institution.

Materials and Methods:

Couples attending the infertility clinic of Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital (SSKH), New Delhi, were included. The study period was from January 2021 to June 2022. A semi-structured, self-designed interview schedule was used to collect information from study subjects. The DASS-21 questionnaire was used to assess subjects’ psychological status.

Results:

The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was higher among wives as compared to husbands (P value < 0.1 in all three psychological states). Depression, anxiety, and stress were found to be more in husbands and wives with primary infertility as compared to those with secondary infertility (however, this finding was found to be significant only in wives in relation to depression, P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

In general, the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was higher in wives as compared to husbands.
Out-of-pocket Expenditure on Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications among Residents of Slum Areas of Agra City—A Community-based Study
Authors: Prathyusha Lingareddy , Agrawal Renu , Singh Geetu , Kumar Sarvesh , Agarwal Tanya
Published: February 2025

India ranks second in the world after China with 74.2 million living with diabetes currently and is projected to see 124.9 million living with diabetes by 2045. Diabetics need extensive self-management support, medications, regular screening for management of complications and comorbidities, which can increase out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for patients and their families. The aim of this article is to estimate the OOP expenditure for the management of diabetes mellitus and its complications among residents of slum areas of Agra city and to find out the association of OOP expenditure with sociodemographic and diabetic profile and compliance to treatment among the study participants. A cross-sectional study through face-to-face interviews using predesigned, pretested, and semistructured questionnaires were conducted from October 2020 to September 2022. A sample of 360 known diabetics was included. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 24 and descriptive statistics were reported wherever applicable. Male, female ratio was 3:2, 66% of participants were between 35 and 60 years, 28% were illiterates, 54% were unemployed and 44% were from upper lower socioeconomic class. Nearly 96% were type 2 diabetics and 74% were on oral hypoglycemic agents. Monthly median direct and indirect OOP expenses were INR 1,500 and INR 505, respectively. OOP expenses were borne by 98% of the study participants.
Anesthetic Potential of Anterior Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve Block vs Local Infiltration on Crown Lengthening in Maxilla - A Comparative Study
Authors: Prakash N , Melath Anil , Kayakool Subair , Murugesan Hemalatha Doraisamy , Karunanithi Arunagiri , Thavithavakar D
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Trepidation towards dental procedures is commonly seen in the adult population and is one of the major reasons for avoiding dental treatments.

Aim:

To evaluate and compare the anesthetic potential of anterior middle superior alveolar (AMSA) nerve block versus local infiltration during crown lengthening in the maxilla, using a pain assessment tool.

Materials and Methods:

Outpatients visiting the Department of Periodontics at Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital were selected for the study. A total of 60 patients indicated for crown lengthening, has been included in the study with the age group between 18 and 65 years, and divided into two groups: Group A (AMSA) and Group B (local infiltration).

Results:

AMSA shows promising results when compared to local infiltration.
The trend of publications in the Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics: A 6-year systematic survey of the journal
Authors: Hamdan Muhammad , Jadhav Ganesh Ranganath , Verma Prerna
Published: February 2025

Objectives:

The Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics (JCDE) is an English-language journal published by the Indian Association of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics. It was indexed in PubMed in 2010 in periodical publications. The purpose of this paper was to review and analyze the publications in JCDE over the 6 years from 2019 to 2024.

Materials and Methods:

This article evaluated the subject, number, and type of articles published, key topics addressed, authorship patterns, and article citations of the JCDE over the last 6-year period.

Results:

A total of 750 papers were found, and the publication output peaked in 2024 when 133 articles were published. On average, each volume had 1.5 times as many publications on endodontic topics compared to restorative topics. An average of eleven articles per volume addressed multidisciplinary or other dental disciplines. Original research articles followed by literature reviews and case reports/series accounted for the most articles per volume. The most of the authors were from India followed by the Middle East, America, and other Asian countries. With about 2802 citations, the 2019 issue had the most citations. Esthetic Dentistry was the main topic in the top 10 most cited articles. JCDE has the 7th-highest h5-index across both endodontic and operative dentistry journals.

Conclusions:

Many manuscripts in endodontics, dental materials, restorative dentistry, and a few other pertinent specializations have been published in JCDE over the past 6 years.
A randomized clinical comparative evaluation of interappointment flare-ups on placing Azadirachta indica, garlic, Triphala, and calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicament, in primary endodontic lesion
Authors: Kishan Karkala Venkappa , Shah Nimisha , Mamatha Karkala Venkappa , Sreekumari Lekshmipriya , Parikh Margi
Published: February 2025

Aim:

The purpose of the study was to clinically evaluate interappointment flare-ups, on placing Azadirachta indica (neem), garlic (Allium sativum L.), Triphala, and calcium hydroxide (CH) as an intracanal medicament (ICM), using Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) in a patient with a primary endodontic lesion.

Methodology:

Two hundred and forty patients indicated for root canal therapy were divided into two main groups as single-rooted teeth and multirooted teeth. Each group was further subdivided into four subgroups of 30 samples each. After the access opening, instrumentation was done as per the canal configuration. The herbal medicaments were prepared as an aqueous extract. The placement of ICM in the subgroups was randomly determined by computerized randomization. Interappointment flare-up and pain were assessed using VRS on 1, 3, 7, and 14 days.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The intergroup comparisons of the incidence of flare-up were done using analysis of variance, followed by post hoc Tukey’s test to test for the difference among individual groups.

Results:

There was a statistically significant difference between the four groups, with P = 0.02 for multirooted teeth and 0.03 for single-rooted teeth. The post hoc Tukey’s test showed the intergroup comparison of the flare-up incidence between garlic and Triphala to be statistically significant favoring Triphala, with P = 0.004 in single-rooted teeth and 0.008 in multirooted teeth.

Conclusion:

Although there was no statistical significance between them, Triphala can be considered an alternative to CH as ICM. However, neem and garlic showed poor results.
Navigating the Uncommon: Inguinal Metastasis in Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
Authors: Pratap Mangipudi Surya , Kalson Usha , Dedha Priyanka , Hazrah Priya
Published: February 2025

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, locally aggressive soft tissue sarcoma with a low rate of metastasis, affecting around four per million annually. Representing about 1% of sarcomas, often manifests on the trunk or proximal extremities. Most cases are low-grade, but some have a high-grade fibrosarcomatous component, which is linked to a higher risk of recurrence and metastasis. Here, we present a 55-year-old male with DFSP, initially presenting as a non-healing ulcer on his foot. Despite surgical excision, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with imatinib, the patient developed a recurrent ulcer and calcaneum involvement, leading to below-knee amputation. One year later, inguinal lymph node metastasis was detected. After inguinal lymph node dissection and additional radiotherapy, the patient showed no further active lesions. This case highlights the rarity of lymph node metastasis in DFSP and the ongoing need for research into optimal management strategies.
Sonographic Diagnosis of Anterior Nutcracker Phenomenon and its Prevalence in Nigerian Males with Varicoceles
Authors: Abudu Olalekan Abdul-Rafiu , Ogunjimi Moses Adebisi , Ojewola Rufus Wale , Arogundade Rasheed Ajani
Published: February 2025

Background:

The nutcracker phenomenon (NCP) is a rare and often unrecognised cause of varicocele, haematuria, and chronic pelvic pain due to the left renal vein (LRV) compression between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery (anterior nutcracker). Its varied clinical manifestations make the diagnosis difficult and usually delayed. A high index of clinical suspicion, with appropriate imaging studies is crucial for the diagnosis.

Objectives:

We used a colour Doppler ultrasound scan to investigate the anatomic and haemodynamic properties of testicular and renal venous drainage. The emphasis was to determine the presence or absence of NCP, its possible effects on varicocele formation and severity, and its relationship with the body mass index (BMI) of the subjects.

Materials and Methods:

We carried out Doppler scrotal and upper abdominal ultrasound examinations of 100 subjects with male infertility and clinical varicoceles (group A), and 100 controls with male infertility but without varicoceles (group B). The mean peak velocity (PV) and the anteroposterior (AP) diameters of different segments of the renal veins, as well as the diameters of the testicular veins of the subjects in the two groups were measured and compared. The ratios of the PV and the diameters between the hilar portion and the aorto-mesenteric portion of the LRV were also calculated and compared. A PV ratio or anteroposterior diameter ratio between the two portions greater or equal to 5.0 was considered diagnostic of NCP. The diagnosis of varicocele was confirmed by visualising a dilated pampiniform plexus vein measuring greater than 2 mm in diameter using an ultrasound scan.

Results:

Six out of 100 subjects in group A had diameter and PV ratios (≥5.0) in the LRV that suggested the presence of NCP, and all participants in group B had neither diameter nor PV ratio suggestive of NCP. The prevalence of NCP seen within the varicocele group in this study was statistically significant (P = 0.038). Five (83.3%) of the six subjects in the NCP-associated varicocele subgroup had microscopic haematuria, orthostatic proteinuria, or both; these qualified them for the diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome (NCS), A significantly lower mean BMI (P = 0.004) was noted among the NCP-associated varicocele subgroup compared to those without NCP.

Conclusion:

Our findings indicate that the NCP is a significant finding in patients with varicoceles in our environment, and it is more common with lower BMI.
A Study of the Attitude of Medical Students toward Psychiatry in a Private Medical College in Telangana
Authors: Sreeja Kokkalla Sai , Kishan P. , Krishna P. Sai , Kumar R. Shiva , Kumar N. D. Sanjay
Published: February 2025

Context:

Attitudes toward psychiatrists, psychiatric medications, and mental illness vary widely among different demographics. It is essential to understand the perspectives and knowledge of undergraduates, interns and postgraduates regarding psychiatry, mental health, and psychiatric disorders. These students` current exposure and experience toward psychiatry will significantly impact their future careers. This is particularly important in developing countries like India, where healthcare resources are scarce and traditional non-Western approaches such as supernatural, religious, moralistic, and magical beliefs often influence perceptions of illness and behavior.

Aim:

Our study aims to assess the attitudes of medical students toward psychiatry and examine the factors associated with these attitudes.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, medical students in a private medical college in Telangana were asked to fill an online form, which was designed to obtain sociodemographic data and included questionnaire to measure attitude toward psychiatry. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were used.

Results:

The total sample was 400, of which majority of the students were females, young (aged between 18 and 22 years), under-graduate students, belonging to upper-middle socio-economic status, from urban background and nuclear family, single and from Hindu religion. A statistically significant difference in mean Mental Illness Clinicians’ Attitude score was observed in gender of the students (P = 0.0001), socioeconomic status (P = 0.013), level of graduation (P = 0.0001), Domicile (P = 0.001), and the presence or absence of a psychiatrist in the family or friends (P = 0.03).

Conclusions:

Our study found factors such as gender, socioeconomic status, domicile, level of graduation, and relations with psychiatrists (through friends or family) had significant influence on the attitudes. Raising awareness about psychiatry and mental health disorders among medical students is crucial to address their negative attitudes by implementing the strategies such as incorporating mental health education into curriculum, guest lectures and seminars, clinical rotations in psychiatry, interdisciplinary collaboration, student-led initiatives, promoting self-care and mental well-being.
Adverse Drug Events and Medication Safety
Authors: Antimisiaris Demetra , Slattum Patricia W.
Published: February 2025

Medication safety is a key tenet of geriatric pharmacotherapy. As senior care pharmacists, we spend much of our practice effort preventing and managing medication safety concerns. Embracing “Age-Friendly” practice necessitates that we develop a continuous quality improvement mindset that leads to actions that improve patient-centered safety and outcomes. From case studies and quality improvement projects to clinical reviews, teaching tools, and original research, the journal seeks to publish content that supports the work of the senior care pharmacy community. In this edition of The Senior Care Pharmacist, we publish articles that address a common theme of adverse drug events and medication safety for older adults.
Management of Dry Mouth
Authors: Hayslett Renee L. , Marshall Leisa L.
Published: February 2025

Background: Dry mouth, or xerostomia, is a common complaint among older people. Dry mouth can result in a variety of dental complications, oral discomfort, difficulty swallowing and eating, and decreased taste sensation, all of which can adversely affect quality of life.
Objective: To provide an overview of the definition, diagnosis, causes, potential complications, and treatment strategies for dry mouth. Data Sources: PubMed, Proquest, Cochrane Library, drug prescribing information, drug information databases, and manufacturers’
websites were used. Search terms were ”xerostomia,” “dry mouth,” “hyposalivation,” “causes,” “treatment,” and “pharmacology.” The resources identified included clinical practice guidelines, review articles, and original
research articles. Data Synthesis: The literature described the causes and treatment strategies for managing xerostomia, including concerns for older adults, and pharmacists’ involvement for providing care. Discussion: The most common cause of
dry mouth in the general population and in older adults is medication use. Individual medications may cause dry mouth, primarily through anticholinergic side effects. Polypharmacy is also a cause. Other causes are dehydration, alcohol and caffeine intake, and systemic diseases such as Sjögren’s
disease. If not addressed, individuals experiencing chronic dry mouth are at increased risk for various oral conditions such as dental caries, periodontal disease, and infections. Interventions such as good oral hygiene methods, using saliva substitutes containing xylitol and prescription
cholinergic agonists, if appropriate, can reduce symptoms and complications. Conclusion: Pharmacists can play an important role in managing dry mouth by conducting medication reviews, providing patient education for oral health practices, and recommending treatment strategies.
Predictors of Use of Individual Insulin and GLP-1 RA Products Versus Fixed Ratio Insulin/GLP-1 RA Combinations in Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Jeter Anthony F. , Melton Brittany L. , Newell Bradley J.
Published: February 2025

Background: In 2022, federal law capped insulin product costs at $35 per month for Medicare prescription drug plan recipients. However, this law did not address the high costs of other antihyperglycemic medications, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists
(GLP-1RAs), with an average copay of $120 per month. Under the law, fixed-ratio insulin/GLP-1RA combination products are classified as “insulin products,” making these effective medications more accessible to patients who might otherwise be unable to afford them. Patients
may not be aware of the potential financial benefits of combination products, highlighting the need to identify those using them to better educate both patients and providers. Objectives: The primary objective was to identify predictors of use for the insulin/GLP-1RA combinations.
The secondary objective was to determine if there was a difference in medication cost to patients between individual and combination product users and determine cost savings potential of switching. Design: This was a retrospective, observational cohort analysis.
Setting: Prescription fill data were examined for antihyperglycemic medications filled between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022. Prescriptions were filled within one regional division of a large community-based pharmacy chain, encompassing 71 pharmacies within Kansas, Nebraska,
and Missouri. Methods: This retrospective observational cohort analysis examined prescription fill data for antihyperglycemic medications for the calendar year 2022 across one regional division of a large community-based pharmacy chain. Included patients 65 years of age
or older with a Medicare prescription drug plan, using any basal insulin and any GLP-1RA, including combinations, as well as metformin, with ≥ 80% proportion of days covered. Demographics, usage predictors, and cost differences were compared between patients using individual products and
those using insulin/GLP-1RA combination products. Results: A total of 138 patients were analyzed. The use of insulin/GLP-1RA combination products was associated with increased likelihood of using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (P = 0.022). Median annual
out-of-pocket spending was significantly different between groups (P < 0.001), with most combination users paying more than $1,000 less per year than individual product users. Conclusion: Insulin/GLP-1RA combination products represent a cost-effective alternative
to individual antidiabetic pharmacotherapy agents.
On boundary-non-preserving mappings with Poletsky inequality
Authors: Desyatka Victoria , Sevost’yanov Evgeny
Published: February 2025

The manuscript is devoted to the boundary behavior of mappings with bounded and finite distortion. We consider mappings of domains of the Euclidean space that satisfy weighted Poletsky inequality. Assume that, the definition domain is finitely connected on its boundary and, in addition, on the set of all points which are pre-images of the cluster set of this boundary. Then the specified mappings have a continuous boundary extension provided that the majorant in the Poletsky inequality satisfies some integral divergence condition, or has a finite mean oscillation at every boundary point.
A note on traces of operators on $L^{\infty}(\lambda)$
Authors: Nowak Marian
Published: February 2025

Let

(\Omega,\Sigma,\lambda)

be a finite measure space and

\tau(L^{\infty}(\lambda),L^{1}(\lambda))

be a natural Mackey topology on

L^{\infty}(\lambda)

. Let

T:L^{\infty}(\lambda)\rightarrow L^{\infty}(\lambda)

be a Bochner representable operator, that is, there exists

g\in L^{1}(\lambda,L^{\infty}(\lambda))

so that

T(u)=\int_{\Omega} u(\omega)g(\omega)\,d\lambda(\omega)

for

u\in L^{\infty}(\lambda)

. It is shown that

T

is a nuclear operator between the locally convex space

(L^{\infty}(\lambda),\tau(L^{\infty}(\lambda),L^{1}(\lambda)))

and the Banach space

L^{\infty}(\lambda)

and

T

has a well-defined trace:

\operatorname{tr}T=\int_{\Omega} g(\omega)(\omega)\,d\lambda(\omega)

.
$n$-valued groups, branched coverings and hyperbolic 3-manifolds
Authors: Buchstaber Victor Matveevich , Vesnin Andrei Yurievich
Published: February 2025

The theory of $n$-valued groups and its applications is developed by going over from groups defined axiomatically to combinatorial groups defined by generators and relations. A wide class of cyclic $n$-valued groups is introduced on the basis of cyclically presented groups. The best-known cyclically presented groups are the Fibonacci groups introduced by Conway. The problem of the existence of the orbit space of $n$-valued groups is related to the problem of the integrability of $n$-valued dynamics. Conditions for the existence of such spaces are presented. Actions of cyclic $n$-valued groups on $\mathbb R^3$ with orbit space homeomorphic to $S^3$ are constructed. The projections $\mathbb R^3 \to S^3$ onto the orbit space are shown to be connected, by means of commutative diagrams, with coverings of the sphere $S^3$ by three-dimensional compact hyperbolic manifolds which are cyclically branched along a hyperbolic knot.
Bibliography: 54 titles.
Początki województwa lubelskiego i jego funkcjonowanie w okresie staropolskim
Authors: Staręgowski Bartosz
Published: February 2025

W 2024 r. obchodzimy 550. rocznicę utworzenia województwa lubelskiego. Z tej okazji powstał niniejszy tekst, który przedstawia ziemię lubelską jako obszar bezpośrednio przed nadaniem statusu województwa i najważniejsze aspekty funkcjonowania województwa w czasach jagiellońskich oraz Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów. Omówiono tu zagadnienia poświęcone obszarowi województwa, jego administracji oraz heraldyce. Uwagę poświęcono również najważniejszym miejscowościom, urzędom oraz działaniom sejmiku ziemskiego.
Dealing with the Stigma: The Case of Russian Academics Abroad Affected by War
Authors: Iskhakova Marina , Earl Anna
Published: February 2025

Our paper focuses on how displaced employees, migrants, and expatriates cope with the stigma of being associated with their home country’s involvement in a crisis. We use Russian academics as a case study. We examine the best coping strategies that displaced employees and expatriates can employ to deal with national stigma. Based on data from 265 surveys and 30 in-depth interviews, we provide readers with a typology of coping strategies: conforming to stigma, consolidating stigma, circumventing stigma, and self-isolation. We also develop a checklist for MNCs, displaced employees, and expatriates on how to navigate the stigmatization process.
Analisa Kualitas Air Danau Laut Tawar Berdasarkan Parameter Fisikokimia
Authors: Rahman Andi
Published: February 2025

Salah satu ekosistem danau yang ada di Indonesia adalah Danau Lut Tawar yang terletak di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Danau ini memiliki beberapa aliran masuk ke dan satu aliran keluar (outlet). Danau Laut Tawar mempunyai peranan penting dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan masyarakat. Danau ini banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat setempat untuk budidaya ikan dengan menggunakan keramba. Apalagi saat ini banyak tempat wisata yang menjamur dan penginapan di sekitar danau pun semakin banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air di Danau Lut Tawar berdasarkan parameter fisikokimia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengambilan Data Primer dan skunder. Data skunder meliputi pengambilan data dilapangan dan di Laboraturium, Data skunder diperoleh dari karya tulis yang berhubungan dengan penelitian. Parameternya Fisikokimia yang meliputi adalah Amonia, Nitrit, pH, Suhu, TDS, DO, Kecerahan, warna dan bau. Hasil analisis kualitas air Danau Lut Tawar berdasarkan uji parameter Fisikokimia serta membandingkan dengan syarat baku mutu PP No. 22 Tahun 2021 terutama standar kualitas kualitas air untuk kelas II dan III menyimpulkan bahwa hanya pada Stasiun 1 parameter Amoniak mengalami peningkatan dengan jumlah sebesar 1,772. Status pencemaran air danau Berdasarkan indeks Pencemaran menunjukkan adanya penurunan kualitas air pada Stasiun 1 dengan nilai IP sebesar 1,363 dengan kategori tercemar ringan. Sedangkan pada stasiun 2, 3 dan 4 dengan nilai IP dibawah 1 masih katagori kondisi baik atau masih memenuhi standar baku mutu kelas II dan III.
"Enhancing Students' Learning Activities Through Role-Playing Method in PKn Lessons Subject for Fifth Grade at Muhammadiyah 2 Limboto Elementary School, Gorontalo Regency"
Authors: Tina Fratiwi
Published: February 2025

Low student learning activity is one of the challenges in education, particularly in Civics Education (PKn). This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the role-playing method in improving student learning activity in Grade V at SD Muhammadiyah 2 Limboto, Gorontalo Regency. This research employs a classroom action research (CAR) method with a cyclical design, consisting of two cycles, each comprising three meetings. The study subjects were 20 students, including 9 boys and 11 girls. The results indicate that before the intervention, only 30% of students were actively engaged in learning. After implementing the role-playing method, student learning activity gradually increased. In Cycle I, learning activity improved from 45% in the first meeting, 55% in the second meeting, and 65% in the third meeting. The increase continued in Cycle II, reaching 70% in the first meeting, 75% in the second meeting, and 90% in the third meeting. The findings suggest that the role-playing method can be an effective instructional strategy to enhance student engagement and learning activity. Therefore, teachers are encouraged to integrate this method into the teaching process to create a more interactive and enjoyable learning environment.
The Dilemma of Border Governance: Perspectives from the China-Myanmar Border
Authors:   Institute for Historical Studies at Chung-Ang University, LI PEI
Published: February 2025

边境是现代民族国家主权在实体地理空间中的象征，也是建构国家认同 的空间性基础。然而，世界诸国的边境当中，中缅边境相当特殊。中缅两国 很早就解决了边境地区的分歧，但两国的边境地区，特别是缅甸一侧，长 期处于战乱、犯罪高发和社会不安定狀態。近期，缅甸军政府与少数民族武 装之间还爆发了激烈的内战。因此，边境另一侧的中国，为维持边境的安全 和秩序，不断采取强化边境管理的措施。然而，边境线两侧居住着众多跨界 民族，两国划界之后，跨界民族日常的正常、合法跨界活动仍然需要得到保 护。边境安全与跨界民族的日常实践，造就了中国治边天然的矛盾。本文从 边境地区本身的视角出发，从国境的划定、跨界民族的军事割据问题、中国 边境管理体制下的矛盾等侧面，来窥视这种矛盾带来的对当下和未来中缅 关系变化的影响。
Block strength training improves functional autonomy and quality of life in community-dwelling older women
Authors: Galdames Maliqueo Sergio , Huerta Ojeda Álvaro , Jofré-Saldía Emilio , Carrasco-Beltrán Hernaldo , Yeomans-Cabrera Mercedes-Mercedes , Bravo Maximiliano
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Block strength training has been proposed as a useful and practical strategy to reverse the effects of aging in community-dwelling older adults. However, the effects of block strength training based on the nature of exertion on functional autonomy and life quality of older women living in the community are unknown.
Objective: To determine the effects of a Block Strength Training program based on the level of effort on functional autonomy and self-perceived life quality in community-dwelling older women.
Methodology: Eighteen older women (71.1 ± 8.01 years) residing in the community volunteered for the study. The study had a pre-experimental design with pre- and post-tests. The block strength training is 12 weeks and divided into three blocks of 4 weeks each. The study variables were functional autonomy, assessed with the GDLAM protocol, and self-perceived life quality, assessed with WHOQOL-BREF. Differences between pre- and post-intervention were performed using t-tests and Wilcoxon tests, both for related samples (p < 0.05).
Results: After applying the 12-week block strength training, 4 of the five tests of the GDLAM protocol showed significant improvements (p < 0.05). Likewise, 2 of the four dimensions of the WHOQOL-Bref showed significant improvements (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: A Block Strength Training program based on the level of effort significantly improves functional autonomy and self-perceived life quality in older women community residents. Consequently, this methodology is effective and practical for promoting healthy aging in the community.
A COMPARATIVE PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF PANGAS AND KOI FISH CULTURE IN A SELECTED AREA OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Mahmud Md. Khaled , Rahman Mohammad Ataur , mian Md. Rais Uddin , jahan Esrat
Published: February 2025

Pangas and Koi fish make an important contribution to rural livelihoods for both food security and cash income
in Bangladesh. The purpose of the study was to examine socio-economic factors, estimate profitability, evaluate
the feed conversion ratios, and determine the types of issues and limitations faced by 60 pangas and koi fish
farmers who were chosen at random from the Mymensingh area of Bangladesh. Primary data were collected
through a field survey using an interview schedule. Tabular, profitability, and feed conversion ratio analyses were
applied for data analysis. The findings revealed that the majority of the respondents belonged to the age group of 30-64 years. The average family size was 5.37 and 5.35 for pangas and koi farmers, respectively. The pangas fish farmers were less educated than the koi fish farmers.
Pengaruh Earning Opacity, Kepemilikan Institusional, Intensitas Aset Tetap dan Inventory Intensity Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Karlin Ani , Jelanti Desi
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of earning opacity, institutional ownership, fixed asset intensity, and inventory intensity on tax avoidance. This type of research is a quantitative research, using secondary data that applies Microsoft Excel and E-Views 12. The population in this study is consumer cyclicals sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018 to 2023. The data collection technique in this study is a purposive sampling technique with a total of 151 populations, so that the data samples obtained in this study are 15 samples. The results of the study show that earning opacity, institutional ownership, fixed asset intensity, and inventory intensity simultaneously affect tax avoidance. Then, the results of the study partially stated that earning opacity and fixed asset intensity had a negative influence on tax avoidance. Meanwhile, institutional ownership and inventory intensity have no effect on tax avoidance.
Dampak Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Terhadap Kinerja Pengawai DPUPR Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Ive Arivetullatif , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: February 2025

The advent of information technology has significantly impacted organizational performance by leveraging management information systems to address existing challenges. Notably, employee performance decline poses a substantial issue. Organizations lacking management information systems exhibit diminished employee performance, potentially leading to deviations and dissatisfaction. This study employed saturated sampling with 60 respondents and questionnaire distribution. SPSS-based data analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between management information systems (X) and employee performance (Y), with Sig. < 0.05 (Sig. 0.00 < 0.05). The findings underscore the pivotal role of management information systems in enhancing employee performance.
Searching Sustainability in Nuclear Power
Authors: Gupta Dr. Mohit Kumar
Published: February 2025

The Human civilization in the 21st century is standing at such a saturation point where the economic development and the need to maintain the sustainable development goals as set by the United Nations will decide its movement in the times to come. Therefore, the developmental agenda from across all the sectors of human development is looking for the introduction of sustainability. In the quest to sustainability all Nations are trying their hands for nuclear power development. This paper investigates some of the aspects of nuclear energy based on which different countries are looking into nuclear energy sustainability.
North Korea’s Cyber Weapons Capabilities: Impact on International Security
Authors: Shankar Siddharth
Published: February 2025

North Korea may be ranked among one of the poorest countries of the world in terms of its GDP growth but it still holds its relevance as a major power in the international world order, given the nuclear stockpile threat posed against the Western bloc led by the United States. North Korea’s cyber capabilities has been characterized by opportunism. Till date, there is little evidence on North Korea having a nuclear doctrine. An analysis of the statements from the leadership suggests that North Korea has a mix of grandiose and conventional ideas on the aspect of cyber operations during military conflicts. The paper attempts to examine North Korea’s cyber weapon capabilities and their potential implications for International Security through focus on three key operations – Kimsuky, Lazarus and Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) 37. These operations have targeted South Korea, parts of South Asia and the Pacific whose laggard cyber security mechanisms have borne heavy consequences. With regard to the diversification of cyber capabilities, the focus would be placed on North Korean regime’s use of cyber espionage and malware applications across the Korean peninsula and in particular Japan and the United States. The application of case studies where the Korean regime – backed hackers were behind significant cyber operations, most of them fatal to the international security and order.
Cyber-violence and Gender: Insights from the COVID Pandemic
Authors: Ahmed Farhan
Published: February 2025

Gender is considered a socially constructed perspective of human beings. It has crossed centuries with evolved dimensions. This paper describes a version of the gender dimension in correspondence to cyberspace. This technological emancipation of women the paved way for long-term underlying patriarchic practices of societies to cross into cyberspace. Due to the influx of individuals of all ages, nationality, political beliefs, and religions the internet serves as a platform to present and augment their personalistic viewpoints. Such practices are less supervised in developing countries vis-à-vis third-world states. But increasingly enough bullying shows dense data on the targeted debasement of females even in more progressive states. Cyberviolence, in many forms, carried the conservativeness and misogynistic nature of netizens into a much grander stigma. The availability of multicultural entertainment options, social media, and barrierless cyberspace have all contributed to the worldwide deviance in moral understanding. The bygone pandemic only attributed to these phenomena. In more nuanced terms, the paper’s essence concerns itself with the frequency of cyberviolence against women in the face of a new-normal global pandemic setting. It aims to provide an overall outlook on this issue pertaining to the contemporary global zeitgeist.
Causes and Remedies of Organizational Crisis: A Case Study on Bangladeshi Manufacturing Industries
Authors:   Dept. Of Management Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China, Fatima Nuzhat , Sina Md. Abu ,   Department of Accounting & Information Systems, Faculty of Business Administration, Islamic University Kushtia, Bangladesh, Hossain Md. Shakil ,   Overseas Project Engineer, Al-Fattah Hasan Ashiq ,   Manager (Account, Audit and Finance)
Published: February 2025

Blue chip corporations have been increasingly impacted by organizational crisis in recent years, Organizational crises in Bangladeshi manufacturing
industries stem from a complex interplay of factors. Poor management practices, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of skilled labor often contribute to
operational inefficiencies and quality control issues. Financial mismanagement, including excessive debt and improper resource allocation, can lead to
liquidity problems and potential bankruptcy. External factors such as political instability, regulatory changes, and global market fluctuations also play
a significant role in precipitating crises. To address these challenges, companies can implement several remedies. Investing in employee training and
development can improve workforce skills and productivity. Adopting modern technologies and lean manufacturing processes can enhance efficiency and
product quality. Implementing robust financial management systems and diversifying product lines can mitigate economic risks. Additionally, fostering better
communication between management and workers, as well as engaging in corporate social responsibility initiatives, can improve stakeholder relationships
and build resilience against future crises.
The Advanced Conjectures for the Prime Number Theorem
Authors:   Chofu Special Gakushu House, Juku School, Japan, Hosoya Yoichiro
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the distribution of the prime numbers using epidemiological statistical methods. First, we will show more advanced conjectures of the prime number theorem in two forms.
Financial Improvement Strategy of PT. Wahana Interfood Nusantara Tbk. Using The Cash Waterfall Method
Authors: Muhammad Hanivan Titunanda  , Oktofa Yudha Sudrajad  , Erman Arif Sumirat
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the financial issues of PT. Wahana Interfood Nusantara Tbk., a manufacturer of cocoa and chocolate goods, and recommends improvements through the Cash Waterfall Method and the \ optimization of their capital structure. As of the third quarter of 2024, the company had a Debt to Equity Ratio of 261% and a negative Interest Coverage Ratio of -0.66, indicating significant financial distress due to excessive debt servicing. This research utilized financial modeling tools such as CAGR forecasting, linear regression, and ARIMA methods, revealing significant shortcomings in cash flow management and recommending a negotiation to debitors of one-year grace period to mitigate severe urgent financial pressures. The Cash Waterfall Method is applied to enhance debt servicing, business viability, and reinvestment, although its application is tempered by its capacity to improve liquidity and recover the company's financial health. The analysis indicates that the unutilized capacity of the newly constructed Sumedang factory, which has an annual production capacity of 20,000 tons, combined with the existing yearly production objective of 6,000 tonnes, is likely to improve the company's overall growth potential. This properly strategized investment necessitates assertive marketing and distribution tactics to facilitate the company's enhancement of net income while concurrently diminishing its need on external financing sources. The study concludes that while the optimal capital structure remains unattainable under current financial distress, a restructured approach focusing on operational recovery and disciplined cash flow management is imperative. Recommendations include leveraging increased production capacity, implementing strategic marketing initiatives, and pursuing shareholder returns once financial stability is restored. This research contributes to understanding the interplay between capital structure, cash flow prioritization, and operational performance in heavily indebted firms, offering actionable insights for practitioners and policymakers in similar contexts.
Optimalisatie en validatie van de Vlaamse Observationele Pijnschaal bij Meervoudige Beperkingen (VOPS-MB) voor personen met een Meervoudige Beperking: een multidisciplinaire benadering
Authors: Lust E. , Deconinck H. , Berteloot P. , Malfait S. , Boonen D.
Published: February 2025

Optimization and validation of the Flemish Observational Pain Scale for Multiple Disabilities (VOPS-MB) for individuals with multiple disabilities: a multidisciplinary approach

Introduction: People with severe cognitive impairments and multiple disabilities often experience pain, but this pain frequently goes unrecognized or untreated, negatively impacting their quality of life. Pain management in this group is challenging due to limited communication abilities and the lack of validated pain assessment tools.

Aim: This study aims to optimize and validate the VOPS-MB pain scale of the Leieborg Care Center in Deinze for use with individuals with multiple disabilities.

Methods: Optimization was carried out through a systematic literature review, an expert focus group, and a Delphi study. The scale's validation was tested through observations of 50 care recipients at the center, with inter-rater reliability measured using Pearson's r correlation coefficient and Cohen's kappa.

Results: The optimized pain scale demonstrated high inter-rater reliability, with a Pearson's r of 0.947 and a Kappa value of 0.867. These results indicate that the scale provides reliable results, even when observations are conducted by individuals unfamiliar with the care recipient.

Conclusion: This study shows that the pain scale is useful, practical and adequate to use in practice. Furthermore, the findings suggest that this pain scale can also be used in other contexts. The scale enables accurate pain measurement in people with intellectual disabilities, regardless of the observer's knowledge of the patient. Further validation, including digitization and testing for responsiveness, is recommended to enhance the scale's usability.
Are Investment Tax Breaks Effective? Australian Evidence
Authors:   Australian National University, Win Nu Nu , Hambur Jonathan ,   Reserve Bank of Australia, Breunig Robert ,   Australian National University
Published: February 2025

Using Australian tax and survey data, we exploit discrete eligibility cut-offs to estimate the effect of several business investment tax breaks, including tax credits and instant asset write-offs, implemented over the past 15 years. Policies implemented during the global financial crisis increased investment. Responses are larger for unincorporated businesses, possibly reflecting reduced efficacy of investment stimulus under Australia's dividend imputation system. However, we find mostly no evidence of an effect for other investment policies, including those implemented to address the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Kepemilikan Institusional Dan Debt To Asset Ratio Terhadap Integritas Laporan Keuangan
Authors: Christanti Wikandini Ayu , Asmara Rina Yuliastuty
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Kepemilikan Institusional dan Bebt to Asset Ratio (DAR) terhadap Integritas Laporan Keuangan. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan BUMN yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode penelitian selama 3 tahun, yaitu dari tahun 2021 sampai dengan 2022. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara menggunakan metode purposive sampling lalu memperoleh 19 data perusahaan dengan pengamatan 3 tahun, maka jumlah sampel keseluruhan adalah 57 data sampel. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan dan kepemilikan institusional berpengaruh positif terhadap integritas laporan keuangan, sementara Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) tidak berpengaruh signifikan.
 
Kata kunci: Debt to Asset Ratio, Integritas Laporan Keuangan, Kepemilikan Institusional, Ukuran Perusahaan
Rethinking Quranic Interpretation: Insights from Al-Tabari’s Classical Tafsir
Authors: Adel Samiullah , Rahimi Mahmood , Mohammadi Asadullah
Published: February 2025

This research explores the tafsir of Al-Tabari in a deep seat to critically situate his interpretations of Quranic-related verses that deal with gender in the context of early Islamic intellectual and socio-cultural thinking and to open Al-Tabari's exegesis, which fuses pluralistic and contextual approaches, thus capturing the diverse scholarly perspectives on gender in classical Islam. That is, while Al-Tabari's tafsir reflects traditional hierarchies of gender, it also opens up avenues of a pluralistic methodology for reinterpretation today. Hereby, integrating feminist and contemporary hermeneutical frameworks, this study suggests ways in which Quranic gender verses could be read differently in terms of justice. Hence, Al-Tabari echoes in history the early Islamic norms concerning gender at the same time serving as a jumping-off point for renewed engagement with gender justice in the current context of Quranic interpretation, bringing together classical scholarship and modern views.
IBN ARABI’S UNDERSTANDING OF FREE WILL: SPIRITUAL FREEDOM AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Shukhrat Kizi Yarashova Mohlaroyim
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the concept of free will and its philosophical, religious, and ethical aspects. The views of various thinkers on human free will, its determination in achieving goals, and its role in social life are presented. In particular, the distinct interpretation of free will in the philosophies of Forobiy and Ibn Arabi, as well as its role in spiritual growth and social development, is discussed. The understanding of free will based on Ibn Arabi’s theory of “wahdat al-wujud” (unity of existence) and its connection with the “Divine will” is emphasized. Sufis view free will as the inviolable freedom of humans, explaining that it is through uniting with the Divine that one achieves their purpose. Additionally, the article also addresses the ideas of tolerance and inclusivity, with particular attention paid to the scientific analysis of interfaith differences.