bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution of feet pressure on ground and maintaining body balance among 8–10-year-old children with and without external load application
Authors: Jaszczur-Nowicki Jarosław , Bukowska Joanna M. , Kruczkowski Dariusz , Pieniążek Magdalena , Mańko Grzegorz , Spieszny Michał
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of applying an external load on the distribution of pressure on the plantar side of the foot and maintaining body balance, using the podobarographic platform. Methods: The study was conducted on 130 school children aged 8–10: girls (n = 68, body mass = 22.8 ± 6.0 kg, body height = 129.3 ± 7.5 cm) and boys (n = 62, body mass = 31.1 ± 6.5 kg, body height 134.4 ± 7.3 cm). The study involved 2 trials. At first, children stood on the platform assuming a natural position. Then, they put on a 5-kg backpack and stood on the platform once more. Results: The results indicate that after backpack loading, for the total research group of girls and boys, statistically significant differences were found in the distribution of foot force on the ground in the left forefoot (p = 0.008), metatarsus (p = 0.000) and heel areas (p = 0.002). While in the right foot, these differences were noted for the forefoot (p = 0.024) and metatarsus (p = 0.000). The results of balance testing were also statistically significant. They concerned measurements of the body barycentre area (cop-bars p = 0.003), the barycentre area of the left foot (l-bars p = 0.034) and the parameter comparing distance to surface ratio (cop-lsf p = 0.000). Conclusions: It may be concluded that prolonged overloading with backpacks affects movement patterns, which may further lead to the acquisition and consolidation of postural defects.
Abdominal muscles activity during abdominal bracing and posterior pelvic tilt in women after natural birth and after caesarean delivery
Authors: Kuciel Natalia , Mazurek Justyna , Biernat Karolina , Pawik Łukasz , Sutkowska Edyta
Published: February 2021

Purpose: Exercises after pregnancy can reduce the severity and risk of postnatal locomotor system disorders and muscular dysfunctions. The aim of the study was to evaluate electromyographic activity of abdominal muscles in women who gave birth naturally and via a caesarean section, and to compare it to a group of women who have never given birth. Methods: 27 women were included into the study after completing the personal questionnaire and functional examination. The surface electromyography during abdominal bracing and posterior pelvic tilt was used to test rectus abdominis muscles and internus oblique/ transversus abdominis muscles bilaterally. After normalization test, patients were asked to perform abdominal bracing and posterior pelvic tilt exercises. Results: Activity of rectus abdominis muscle is higher in posterior pelvic tilt compared to abdominal bracing. It should be noted that the internus oblique/transversus abdominis muscle activity in both exercises is similar. Conclusions: In women after natural birth and after a cesarean section who experienced no locomotor system symptoms, no statistically significant differences in abdominal muscle activity in both exercises were observed. In each group being studied, posterior pelvic tilt activated rectus abdominis muscles to a greater extent than just bracing.
Pengaruh Tingkat Kesehatan Terhadap Profitabilitas BPR Provinsi Kepri
Authors: Hesniati Hesniati , Novilia Novilia
Published: February 2021

This research is examining CAMEL ratio effects profitability of rural banks. The population in this study is rural banks in Riau Island Province listed in the Indonesia Financial Service Authority in 2012 until 2016. Samples were taken by using purposive sampling method. Total samples used in this research are 23 companies with total observation 115 data. The data obtained will be tested with regression panel method. The result showed that variables of BOPO, Cash Ratio, and NPL are significant negative with the profitability. KAP and LDR are insignificant with profitability of rural banks.
The Effect of Fraction and Active Compounds of Momordica Balsamina L. on Bacteria Salmonella Typhi Causing Salmonellosis
Authors: Aryanti Aryanti , Lamdayani Rinda
Published: February 2021

Salmonella typhi is one of the bacteria that causes typhus. The handling of typhus by bacteria generally requires the provision of antibacterial substances, namely antibiotics. Excessive and irrational use of antibiotics causes bacteria to be resistant so that over time the benefits of using antibiotics will decrease. Pare leaves are an alternative treatment for various diseases, one of which is antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of bitter melon leaf fractions and active compounds against Salmonella typhi bacteria with various concentrations. This study was a laboratory experimental study through in vitro. The subjects in this research were Salmonella typhi bacteria. The results of this study indicated that the concentration of ethyl acetate fraction is a strong fraction between n-hexane and water methanol fractions in inhibiting Salmonella typhi bacteria. The determination of the active compound group from the purification of the ethyl acetate fraction of forest bitter melon leaves obtained flavonoid active compounds with an Rf value of 0.1 in the eluent n-hexane: ethyl acetate (7:3). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethyl acetate fraction was 125 μg/ml, while the MIC of flavonoid compounds was 62.5 μg/ml against Salmonella typhi bacteria. From the results of the equivalence test of the ethyl acetate fraction with ampicillin against Salmonella typhi bacteria, it showed that the concentration of the active fraction of ethyl acetate 1 μg/ml was equivalent to 0.007 μg/ml ampicillin, while the equivalence of flavonoid compounds was obtained 1 μg/ml concentration of active compounds equivalent to 0.011 μg/ml ampicillin.
Collaborative Training in Research Methodology: a case of Malaysia and Laos
Authors: Low Wah Yun , Firdaus Aliyyah Nuha Faiqah Azman , Hashim Azirah , Keovilay Bouasavanh , Deuan Osay Vong , Vongsouangtham Bounthieng , Soulignavong Latsanyphone
Published: February 2021

One important aspect of the ASEAN vision is that ASEAN countries strive for equitable economic development and therefore concerted efforts must be made to narrow the development gap between ASEAN countries. This is prioritised in the Initiative for ASEAN Integration which outlines several activities that are designed to assist CLMV countries achieve deeper regional integration while supporting national development priorities and inclusive development. While there has been improvement, there is still significant variance in development achievements. The gaps are wide not only in achievements in income but also in education and health outcomes. This case study provides a description of a Malaysian and Lao collaboration in English language and research methodology training and the challenges faced in doing social science research among Lao academics. The collaboration addresses the developmental divide through knowledge exchange, engagement and collaboration, and capacity building in development between the parties involved.
Alvállalkozók szabályozási környezetének bemutatása a leggyakoribb jogalkalmazási kérdéseken keresztül – II. rész
Authors: Fazekas Szilvia
Published: February 2021

Az alvállalkozókkal kapcsolatos cikksorozat következő részének célja, hogy bemutassa az alvállalkozók szabályozási környezetének egyik legfontosabb elemét, az alvállalkozó bejelentésére vonatkozó szabályokat, rávilágítson a leggyakoribb jogsértésekre, valamint megpróbálja feltárni azokat a pontokat, ahol gyakoriak a jogsértéseket eredményező téves értelmezések.
Impact of Urban Fires in Drainage Systems: an Experimental Case Study
Authors: Pimentel-Rodrigues Carla , Almeida João , Silva-Afonso Armando , Barreirinha Pedro
Published: February 2021

The number of existing studies on the effect of urban fires on drainage systems and treatment facilities is relatively scarce. However, as shown in this paper, the water runoff generated during an urban firefighting can impact these systems. The maximum flow capacity of sewers or other components of the drainage systems can be exceeded. Contaminated water resulting from the fire combat can also impact on subsequent treatment operations taking place at domestic sewage treatment facilities or wastewater treatment plants. Further environmental concerns may be raised if these runoffs are discharged without any treatment. In this paper, a case study is presented to assess the possible effects of urban firefighting on drainage systems and treatment facilities. For this, a simulation of a fire in a traditional Portuguese dwelling was carried out, collecting and analysing the water effluent resulting from the firefighting. Potential physicochemical and hydraulic impacts were discussed taking into account European and Portuguese context. With this work, the authors aimed to provide authorities with information that allows planning or implementation corrective interventions that may be necessary to mitigate potential impacts in the case of urban fires.
Síndrome de Mirizzi: Reporte de un caso
Authors: Montenegro Rosangel , Ojeda Mariana , Parekh Nabil , Morales Danilo
Published: February 2021

Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 38 años de edad bajo observación del servicio deGastroenterología del Hospital Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid desde inicios de septiembre del 2019 donde se le realiza USG que revela dilatación de las víasbiliares intra y extrahepática condicionada por cálculo en el tercio medio del colédoco, vesícula sobredistendida con#4 cálculos en su interior de <1,4 cm que se movilizan con los cambios posturales. Se realiza CPRE sin éxito en #2ocasiones por lo que amerita intervención quirúrgica donde se extraen #6 litos, uno de ellos enclavado en conductocístico y sin separación definida entre conducto cístico y vía biliar, por lo que ameritan hacer exploración de la víabiliar abierta transcoledociana extrayendo #1 lito. El síndrome de Mirizzi fue descrito por primera vez por PabloMirizzi en el año de 1947 y señala factores etiológicos de colestasis extrahepática en algunos pacientes con litiasisvesicular. Esta patología es infrecuente a nivel mundial.
Factores asociados con abortos recurrentes en el Hospital Materno Infantil Showing Ferrari, Huánuco, 2018-2020
Authors: Palma-Lozano Diana , Luyo Marcelini Delci , Cardenas Siu Jorge , Borneo Cantalicio Eler , Diaz Lazo Anibal
Published: February 2021

Objetivo. Determinar los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos del aborto recurrente en el Hospital Materno Infantil Showing Ferrari, Huánuco, 2018-2020. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo y relacional en una cohorte. La población muestral fue 572 casos de mujeres con diagnóstico de aborto atendidas en el Hospital, entre octubre 2018 y diciembre 2020. Fueron excluidas las mujeres con embarazo ectópico y abortos completos al ingreso al Hospital. La técnica de recolección de datos fue por análisis documental a través del Sistema de Información Perinatal. Resultados. Se incluyen 572 (100 %) mujeres, un 45,3 % (259) de casos del grupo de 18 a 29 años, 56,5 % (323) de amas de casa y un 64,9 % (371) de conviviente. Respecto a las características clínicas, el 45,8 % presentaron más de tres gestaciones, el 21 % y 22,4 % tuvieron anemia posprocedimiento e infección urinaria previa respectivamente y al 92,3 % le realizaron legrado. La frecuencia de aborto recurrente fue del 32 %. Los factores asociados con una mayor frecuencia para el aborto recurrente fueron: ser adolescente p = 0,000, ama de casa p= 0,000, soltera p = 0,000, dos o más gestaciones p = 0,000, trasfusión sanguínea p = 0,001, anemia preprocedimiento p = 0,010 y anemia posprocedimiento p = 0,034. Conclusión. El aborto recurrente tuvo asociación significativa con ser adolescente, ama de casa, soltera, tener dos o más gestaciones, trasfusión sanguínea, anemia pre y posprocedimiento.
Uso de páginas Web u otros medios para la prevención de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles
Authors: Alves Antonio Alan , Acuña Rodríguez Danitza Adriana
Published: February 2021

Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia de uso de páginas Web o medios digitales para la prevención de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en la ciudad de Cochabamba, Bolivia. Métodos. Participaron en el estudio 303 personas clasificadas de acuerdo con el sexo: 156 mujeres y 147 hombres; en relación con la vivienda: 279 habitantes de Cochabamba y 24 de otros lugares y de acuerdo con el grado de colegiatura: 208 con nivel universitario, 90 con nivel secundario y 5 con otros grados de colegiatura. Fueron evaluadas 63 páginas Web que atendían a los requisitos de tener, por lo menos, un puntaje de 60 puntos en la hoja de cotejo. Resultados. 227 personas recurrían al medio digital para obtener informaciones sobre ENT, 27 recurrían a los puestos de salud (públicos), 32 a las clínicas particulares y las 17 personas restantes recurrían a médicos tradicionales, amigos, parientes u otros medios. De las 63 páginas Web evaluadas, todas tenían facilidad de acceso, 31,7 % tenían un buen diseño y una buena interacción con el usuario y solo 62,4 % tenían contenidos satisfactorios. Conclusion. Los resultados evidencian que la mayoría de las personas encuestadas (74,9 %) recurren al medio digital como fuente de información sobre prevención de ENT, pero, infelizmente, las páginas Web no brindan información completa, segura y tampoco confiable para los usuarios.
Evaluación in vitro de la microfiltración apical de tratamientos endodónticos con dos técnicas de obturación
Authors: Hernández Espino Raúl Jonathan
Published: February 2021

Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de microfiltración apical in vitro de los tratamientos endodónticos realizados con las técnicas de obturación de cono único y lateral modificada con cemento Endofill. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio de nivel explicativo tipo experimental, prospectivo, transversal y analítico. La muestra fue de 60  piezas dentarias anteriores distribuidas según la técnica de obturación; 30 para condensación lateral modificada y 30 para cono único. El tratamiento endodóntico fue verificado, paso a paso en ambos grupos, mediante radiografías de control y, previo condicionamiento, se sumergió en la cámara al vacío previamente llenada con azul de metileno al 2 % durante 30 minutos y por 24 horas. El instrumento utilizado fue el microscopio estereoscópico. Resultados.Con la técnica de cono único se encontró mayor microfiltración apical con una media 3,6 ± 2,5 mm en comparación a la técnica lateral modificada(TLM) con una media =1,9 ± 1,6 mm. La microfiltración en TLM estuvo comprendida entre 0,00 mm y 6,00 mm con una mediana de 1,6 mm y CV = 0,845. En la técnica de cono único estuvo comprendida entre 1,00 mm y 2,00 mm con una mediana de 2,7 mm y con CV = 0,699. Conclusion. Con un p-valor = 0,001 podemos concluir que existe diferencia en la microfiltración apical “ in vitro ” de los tratamientos endodónticos realizados con las técnicas de obturación lateral modificada y la técnica de obturación de cono único con cemento Endofill.
Frecuencia e indicaciones de cesáreas electivas y de urgencia en el Hospital Regional de Ayacucho, Perú
Authors: Pino-Anaya Roaldo , Zorrilla-Delgado Vilma , Rodríguez-Lizana Maritza , Ochoa-Yupanqui Walter Wilfredo
Published: February 2021

Objetivo. Conocer la frecuencia e indicaciones de cesáreas electivas y de urgencia en relación a factores asociados en el Hospital Regional de Ayacucho. Métodos. Se realizó una investigación básica de diseño no experimental, descriptivo, transversal, prospectivo, correlacional de enfoque cuantitativo, con una muestra no probabilística e intencionada de 94 puérperas poscesareadas, previo consentimiento informado. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario y las historias clínicas para indagar el motivo de la cesárea. En el análisis inferencial se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado al 95 % de confianza (p ≤ 0,05). Resultados. El 51,8 % (1455) de partos fueron por cesárea, siendo las indicaciones más frecuentes la cesárea anterior con el 17,2 % de los casos, desproporción céfalo pélvica con el 13,7 %, oligohidramnios con el 11,3 % y otros en menores porcentajes; asimismo, el 59,6 % de cesáreas son de urgencia y 40,4 % electivas. No hay significancia p > 0,05 entre las cesáreas y los factores paridad, edad materna y condición socioeconómica. Conclusiones. La frecuencia de cesáreas supera el 50%, teniendo como primeras indicaciones la cesárea anterior, desproporción céfalo pélvica, oligohidramnios y sufrimiento fetal agudo. Los tipos de cesáreas que más se realizan son las de urgencia y las electivas. No existe significancia entre las cesáreas y paridad, edad materna y la condición socioeconómica.
The research of the possibility of using industrial effluents for the regeneration of Na-cation exchanger in the water treatment process
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Pratskova Svetlana E. , Kolesnikov Aleksandr V. ,   Chelyabinsk State University, Kuvaeva Alena O. ,   Chelyabinsk State University, Kuznetsova Oksana U. ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: February 2021

One of the main tasks of environmental protection enterprises is to reduce industrial effluents. Industrial effluents with a content of sodium chloride 24-25% and sodium sulfate 1.5-3.0% are formed at one of the plants. The high content of sodium chloride in the effluent allowed us to make an assumption about the possibility of their use in the regeneration of Na-cation exchanger in the process of water treatment for vapor-vapor cooling of operating metallurgical units. The aim of the work was to determine the feasibility of using industrial salt effluents in the water treatment process while ensuring optimal conditions for the operation of Na-cation exchanger. In the process of water treatment used the method of removing impurities from water - cationization. This method is applied to soften water and is of independent importance in the preparation of additional water for low pressure boilers and make-up water for heating networks, if the source water has low alkalinity. The object of the study is a strongly acidic cation exchanger in the Na-form (Purolite PPC-100Na) designed to soften process water. In the course of the regeneration of cation exchange resin with a sodium sulfate-containing salt solution, the concentration of the latter should be controlled - this is due to the high exchange capacity and the real danger of the formation of the gypsum layer. The volume of spent regeneration solution (OPP) will contain sparingly soluble calcium sulfate and soluble magnesium sulfate. Under certain conditions, most of the calcium sulfate can be separated from the ORP in the form of a suspension of a two-water compound and detached from the solution. Laboratory studies were conducted on the effect of a solution of NaCl salt (24-25%) with an admixture of sodium sulfate (1.5-3.0%) on the total and working exchange capacity of cation exchange resin. In order to reduce the salt background of the regenerated solution, studies were carried out on the use of a 10% NaCl salt solution with an admixture of sodium sulfate (1.5-3.0%) on the static, dynamic and full dynamic working exchange capacity of cation exchange resin (SOE, DOE and PDOE). We used the methods of alkalimetric and complexometric titration to control the capacity value of the cation. It was determined that the numerical values of the DOE and PDOE of the studied cation exchanger during its regeneration with a saline solution of sodium chloride with a content of 1.5-3.0% sodium sulfate vary in the range of 1.96-1.22 and 2.58-1.89 mEq/g dry resin, respectively.
Study of the biological and antioxidant activity of (Z)-2-(hydroxybenzylidene)-4,6-dihydroxy-7-methylbenzofuran-3(2H)-ones
Authors:   Russian State University A.N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art), Shubin Dmitry A. , Kuznetsov Dmitry N. ,   Russian State University A.N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art), Kobrakov Konstantin I. ,   Russian State University A.N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art), Martazova Valentina V. ,   Center for the Transfer of Pharmaceutical Technology M.V. Dorogova
Published: February 2021

Studies on the discovery of the chemical potential of 2,4,6-trihydroxytoluene, which has become an affordable reagent in organic synthesis after the development at IPCET SB RAS (Institute for problems of chemical and energetic technologies of the Siberian branch оf the Russian academy of sciences) of technology for its preparation from 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, we have been conducting systematic studies in recent years to obtain it basis of various multifunctional carbo- and heterocyclic compounds. The paper presents the results of a study of the biological and antioxidant activity of hydroxyderivatives of 2-benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2H)-ones obtained on the basis of 2,4,6-trihydroxytoluene. The compounds studied in the work showed high inhibitory activity against selected test strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis). A study of the fungicidal activity of the synthesized compounds showed that the percentage of suppression of fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Ulocladium atrum and Penicillium funiculosum) ranges from 0-20%. The antioxidant properties of the synthesized aurons were studied by cyclic voltammetry on a carbon-metal electrode. Ethanol solutions of rutin and quercetin were used as reference standards. The total antioxidant activity (∑AOA) was estimated spectrophotometrically using a liquid-phase reaction with a chromophore radical, 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), according to the degree of “radical uptake” (P). It was shown that all compounds have moderate antioxidant activity, which depends mainly on the number of hydroxyl groups and their position in the compound molecule. The work shows the value of 4,6-dihydroxy-7-methylbenzofuran-3(2H)-one as a building block for combinatorial chemistry.
Definition of chemical indicators plant fodders of the Chuvash Republic
Authors:   Chuvash State University, Zinovjeva Elena G.
Published: February 2021

This review presents the results of a comprehensive study of various chemical indicators of plant feed for farm animals. By standard techniques photometric, titrimetrichesky and gravimetric determined by ways the content of solid (GOST 31640-2012), crude fat (GOST 13496.15-97), a crude protein (GOST 13496.4-93), crude cellulose (GOST 31675-2012), crude ashes (GOST 26226-95), calcium (GOST 26570-95) and phosphorus (GOST 26657-97). As objects of vegetable fodder raw materials are considered wheat, maize, lucernous hay, scallop hay, rapeseed extraction cake, sunflower extraction cake, rapeseed cake, barley, peas, lucernous hay, corn silos, growing and/or prepared in the territory of Krasnarmeysky, Vournashky and Chuvilsky regions, It has been revealed that rapeseed and sunflower extraction cake, as well as rapeseed cake, have an increased value of raw fat in the territory of the Vournar district compared to the rest of the Chuvashia region. According to the chemical indicator of dry matter, all fodders comply with the standards in Yadrin, Wournar and Civilsky districts; By the indicator of raw protein – most fodders comply with the standards in Civilsky, Krasnoarmeysky, Yadrin and Wournar districts; By the indicator of raw fiber – the samples from Civilsky district meet the standards, in Yadrin and Krasnoarmeysky district minor deviations were found, and in Cheboxary and Wournar districts the indicators do not fully correspond; By the indicator of raw fat - corresponds to the norms of Yadrin district, in Civilsky and Krasnoarmeysky districts minor deviations were found, and in Cheboxary and Wournar districts the indicators do not correspond to the norm; In terms of raw ash – in all areas the value is exceeded; Calcium content – in almost all areas there is an excess of the norm; In terms of phosphorus content – meets the standards of the Wournar district, in the Civilsky and Yadrin districts minor deviations were found, and in the Krasnoarmeysky and Cheboxar districts the indicators do not correspond. All of the areas studied by us, the best raw material indicators of plant feed in Yadrin and Civilsk districts of the Chuvash Republic.
Kinetic scheme of apple pectin oxidative transformations under the action of the ozone-oxygen mixture
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Kutlugil’dina Galiya G.
Published: February 2021

Mathematical modeling of apple pectin oxidative transformations (AP) under the action of the ozone-oxygen mixture in aqueous solutions (the reaction system "AP + O3 + O2 + H2O") has been carried out. The kinetic scheme of the oxidation process was compiled basing on the well-known ideas of liquid-phase oxidation mechanisms of organic compounds (taking into account the currently known experimental results on AP oxidation). Using the "KhimKinOptima" software package for the proposed scheme, the inverse and direct chemical kinetics problems were solved. The well-known literature data on the rate constants of elementary stages were used. The rate constants of the oxidation key stages have been determined after solving the chemical kinetics inverse problem with the index method of the observed and calculated kinetic data global optimization. It turned out that the rate constants of the individual stages obtained by calculation are in good agreement with the values of the rate constants taken from literary sources. The chemical kinetics direct problem has been solved with the found rate constants and allowed obtaining kinetic curves of all participants in the apple pectin ozonized oxidation. It was found that the kinetic curve of the accumulation of carboxyl groups, obtained experimentally, completely coincided with the theoretical dependence. It has been also shown that the proposed apple pectin oxidative conversion scheme in the "AP + O3 + O2 + H2O" reaction system allows one to explain all the currently available experimental results. The apple pectin ozonized oxidation under another initiator (Н2О2 + FeSO4) has been studied to confirm the kinetic scheme. To do this, 3 new stages has been introduced into the scheme proposed, characterizing the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide under a transition metal (Fe2+). By solving the chemical kinetics direct problem, the accumulation kinetic curves of the final reaction products were obtained. It has been found that the carboxyl groups accumulation kinetics in the reaction system "AP + O3 + O2 + H2O2 + FeSO4 + H2O" after the supplementary experiment coincided with the theoretical kinetic curve. Thereby, the accuracy of the apple pectin proposed oxidative conversion scheme is confirmed.
Photochemical effects of white light on the Briggs-Rauscher self-oscillatory reaction
Authors:   N.G. Saratov National Research State University Chernyshevsky, Rytik Andrey P.
Published: February 2021

For the Briggs-Rauscher reaction, the synchronization effect for concentration self-oscillations of the system components under exposure to external periodic white light was investigated. The high sensitivity of the self-oscillatory mode of the reaction to periodic exposure to the light is demonstrated. The sync band dependence on the light power has been revealed. The power limits of external light exposure for which self-oscillations are not going on, have been established. The maximal oscillation synchronization range under external light exposure (from 0.04 up to 0.10 Hz) has been determined. “Frequency pulling” effect was observed for exposure to light with frequencies from 0.029 up to 0.039 Hz and from 0.10 up to 0.14 Hz. Under the influence of light from a lamp with a power of more than 500 W, the reaction was “turned off”, which is probably due to an increase in the rate of formation of intermediate components of the system and an increase in their concentrations at which it exited from a state of self-oscillation to a stationary state. In addition, the periodic exposure to white light led to "adaptation" of concentration oscillations of the BR reaction to the external action into the phase that is characterized by the blue color of the solution (the formation of clathrate "iodine-starch"), which can be explained by a sharp decrease in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the system and, consequently, oxygen. The sensitivity of the Briggs-Rauscher reaction to the spectral composition of the initial source indicates the expediency of its further studies.
Tarama Sözlüğünde Bazı Yiyecek ve İçecek Adları Üzerine Değerlendirme
Authors: SOYDAN Serpil
Published: February 2021

Bir toplumun söz varlığı içerisinde yer alan yiyecek adlarına bakıldığında, o toplumun inanışları, gelenek ve görenekleri, alışkanlıkları, coğrafî konumu, kültür düzeyi, yetiştirdiği ürünler hakkında pek çok bilgiye ulaşılabilmektedir. Söz varlığı içerisinde yer alan bu yiyecek adlarının bölgelere, ülkelere, şehirlere, köylere göre farklı söyleyişleri ve anlamları oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kaynak olarak, XIII. yüzyıldan XX. yüzyıla kadar Türkiye Türkçesiyle yazılmış iki yüz yirmi yedi eserin taranmasıyla ortaya çıkan, bugün kullanılmayan ya da anlamı, şekli değişik olarak kullanılan, Türkçe kelimelerin sözlüğü olan Tanıklarıyla Tarama Sözlüğü taranmıştır. Tespit edilen bazı yiyecek adları değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Derleme Sözlüğünde yer alıp almadığı ve yer aldıysa hangi farklı anlamlarda kullanıldığı tespit edilmeye, sayısal verilerle ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışmada Tarama Sözlüğünde 68 tane yiyecek adı tespit edilmiştir. Tarama Sözlüğünde yiyecek adları olarak sırasıyla unlu gıdalar ve yiyecek adlarının (14), hububat ve baklagiller türü yiyeceklerin (10), süt ve süt ürünleri ile yaş meyvelerin (8) yer aldığı görülmektedir. Daha sonra, şekerleme ve tatlı türü yiyeceklerin (7), sakatat ve hayvansal gıdalar (6), kuru meyvelerin (5) bulunduğu görülmektedir.
A szilárd erkölcsiség elvárása a rendvédelemben: egy lehetséges pszichológiai modell
Authors: Hunyady György , Münnich Ákos
Published: February 2021

The authors set forth a psychological model for mapping the ethical dispositions of law enforcement officers.
A fegyveres elkövetés értelmezésének változásai az 1961-es büntető törvénykönyvtől napjainkig
Authors: Miskovics Mariann
Published: February 2021

The author provides an overview of criminal offences committed armed in Hungary since the adoption of the 1961 Criminal Code.
CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATIONS IN A GLOBALIZING WORLD:
NEED FOR INTERACTION
Authors: Puinko L. E.
Published: February 2021

Insurance products in the field of personal insurance, currently offered by insurance companies are diverse. In the Khabarovsk territory, the population is wary of voluntary personal insurance, including due to the level of income and standard of living. One of the directions of development of the insurance market is the integration of insurance products into the reserve financial savings of citizens, and there are prerequisites for this development in the region
Evaluation of New Submillimeter VLBI Sites for the Event Horizon Telescope
Authors: Raymond Alexander W. , Palumbo Daniel , Paine Scott N. , Blackburn Lindy , Córdova Rosado Rodrigo , Doeleman Sheperd S. , Farah Joseph R. , Johnson Michael D. , Roelofs Freek , Tilanus Remo P. J. , Weintroub Jonathan
Published: February 2021

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a very long-baseline interferometer built to image supermassive black holes on event-horizon scales. In this paper, we investigate candidate sites for an expanded EHT array with improved imaging capabilities. We use historical meteorology and radiative transfer analysis to evaluate site performance. Most of the existing sites in the EHT array have median zenith opacity less than 0.2 at 230 GHz during the March/April observing season. Seven of the existing EHT sites have 345 GHz opacity less than 0.5 during observing months. Out of more than 40 candidate new locations analyzed, approximately half have 230 GHz opacity comparable to the existing EHT sites, and at least 17 of the candidate sites would be comparably good for 345 GHz observing. A group of new sites with favorable transmittance and geographic placement leads to greatly enhanced imaging and science on horizon scales.
Confirmation of Asymmetric Iron Absorption in WASP-76b with HARPS
Authors: Kesseli Aurora Y. , Snellen I. A. G.
Published: February 2021

Hot Jupiters are predicted to have hot, clear daysides and cooler, cloudy nightsides. Recently, an asymmetric signature of iron absorption has been resolved in the transmission spectrum of WASP-76b using ESPRESSO on ESO’s Very Large Telescope. This feature is interpreted as being due to condensation of iron on the nightside, resulting in a different absorption signature from the evening than from the morning limb of the planet. It represents the first time that a chemical gradient has been observed across the surface of a single exoplanet. In this work, we confirm the presence of the asymmetric iron feature using archival HARPS data of four transits. The detection shows that such features can also be resolved by observing multiple transits on smaller telescopes. By increasing the number of planets where these condensation features are detected, we can make chemical comparisons between exoplanets and map condensation across a range of parameters for the first time.
The GN-z11-Flash Event can be a Satellite Glint
Authors: Nir Guy , Ofek Eran O. , Gal-Yam Avishay
Published: February 2021

Recently Jiang et al. reported the discovery of a possible short duration transient, detected in a single image, spatially associated with a z ∼ 11 galaxy. Jiang et al. and Kann et al. suggested the transient originates from a γ-Ray Burst (GRB), while Padmanabhan & Loeb argued the flash is consistent with a supernova shock breakout event of a 300 M
⊙ Population III star. Jiang et al. argued against the possibility that this event originated from light reflected off a satellite. Here we show that reflection of sunlight from a high-orbit satellite or a piece of space debris is a valid and reasonable explanation. As shown in recent works, the rate of point-like satellite reflections, brighter than 11th magnitude, is >10 deg−2 day−1 near the equatorial plane. At higher declinations the rate is 5–50 times lower, but still significant: about four orders of magnitudes higher than the rate estimated for GRBs.
Yet another kukri snake piercing an anuran abdomen: Oligodon ocellatus (Morice, 1875) eats Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) in Vietnam
Authors: Bringsøe Henrik , Holden James
Published: February 2021

A case of Oligodon ocellatus eating a toxic adult toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, in Cat Tien National Park, southern Vietnam, is provided. We found a kukri snake having buried its head deeply into the abdomen of the toad and probably being in the process of eating organs. Subsequently, the toad was swallowed whole and the kukri snake moved away and disappeared with the toad’s hind feet still visible from its mouth. It is hypothesised that the behaviour of eviscerating or piercing anurans to eat their organs has been developed in the O. cyclurus species group or clade. This has now been observed in three species.
Electronic identification keys for species with cryptic morphological characters: a feasibility study using some Thesium species
Authors: Lombard Natasha , Le Roux Margaretha Marianne , van Wyk Ben-Erik
Published: February 2021

The popularity of electronic identification keys for species identification has increased with the rapid technological advancements of the 21st century. Although electronic identification keys have several advantages over conventional textual identification keys and work well for charismatic species with large and clear morphological characters, they appear to be less feasible and less effective for species with cryptic morphology (i.e. small, obscure, variable characters and/or complicated structures associated with terminology that is difficult to interpret). This is largely due to the difficulty in presenting and illustrating cryptic morphological characters unambiguously. When taking into account that enigmatic species with cryptic morphology are often taxonomically problematic and therefore likely exacerbate the taxonomic impediment, it is clear that species groups with cryptic morphology (and all the disciplines dependent on their correct identification) could greatly benefit from a user-friendly identification tool, which clearly illustrates cryptic characters. To this end, the aim of this study was to investigate and develop best practices for the unambiguous presentation of cryptic morphological characters using a pilot interactive photographic identification key for the taxonomically difficult plant genus Thesium (Santalaceae), as well as to determine its feasibility. The project consisted of three stages: (1) software platform selection, (2) key construction and (3) key evaluation. The proposed identification key was produced with Xper3 software and can be accessed at http://www.xper3.fr/xper3GeneratedFiles/publish/identification/1330098581747548637/mkey.html. Methodologies relating to amongst others, character selection and delineation, visual and textual descriptions, key construction, character coding and key evaluation are discussed in detail. Seventeen best practices identified during this study are subsequently suggested for future electronic key compilation of species with cryptic morphology. This study indicates that electronic identification keys can be feasible and effective aids for the identification of species with cryptic morphological characters when the suggested best practices are followed.
Floristic patterns of the neotropical forests, savannas and scrublands with Trithrinax campestris (Arecaceae) in central Argentina
Authors: Zeballos Sebastián R. , Cabido Marcelo R. , Cantero Juan J. , Acosta Alicia T.R. , Palchetti M. Virginia , Argarañaz Juan , Marcora Paula I. , Tecco Paula A. , Ferreras Ana , Funes Guillermo , Vaieretti Victoria M. , Conti Georgina , Giorgis Melisa A.
Published: February 2021

Aims: Trithrinax campestris is one of the palm species with the southernmost distribution in the Neotropics. Despite that the vegetation types in which T. campestris occurs are nowadays heavily threatened by land use and land cover changes, their floristic composition and structure are still to be documented. In order to characterize T. campestris habitats, the aim of this study was to describe the floristic composition of the vegetation types in which this palm occurs and their relationships with different environmental factors.

Study area: The survey was conducted in central Argentina in an area comprising the southern extreme of the distribution of T. campestris in the following phytogeographic areas: Espinal, Lowland and Mountain Chaco.

Methods: Following the Braun-Blanquet approach we collected 92 floristic relevés recording a total of 601 vascular plant species. Vegetation was classified through the ISOPAM hierarchical analysis. Bioclimatic and elevation data were related to the floristic data through the ISOMAP ordination. Remote-sensed images (Landsat TM, ETM+ and OLI) were used to characterize the fire frequency in the 92 stands.

Results: Four vegetation types that differed in floristic composition and in diagnostic species were discriminated: 1.1 Celtis tala/Sida rhombifolia closed forest; 1.2 Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco/Prosopis kuntzei open forest; 2.1 Jarava pseudoichu/Vachellia caven open savanna; and 2.2 Acalypha variabilis/Nassella cordobensis scrubland. The ISOMAP ordination showed that differences in floristic composition were related to elevation, topography and climatic variables.Out of the 92 stands, only 21 showed the occurrence of fires during the period 1999–2018.

Conclusions: Our results evidenced that vegetation types (forests, savannas and scrublands) comprising T. campestris developed in a wide range of environmental conditions. This is the first study that focuses on all vegetation types in which T. campestris occurs in central Argentina and it is relevant for conservation and sustainable management of the only native palm species in the flora of this part of the country.

Taxonomic reference: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008) and its online update (http://www.darwin.edu.ar).

Abbreviations: ISOMAP = isometric feature mapping; ISOPAM = isometric partitioning around medoids.
ENHANCING THERMAL COMFORT OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS THROUGH DUAL FUNCTIONAL PASSIVE SYSTEM (SOLAR-WALL)
Authors: Mabdeh Shouib , Al Radaideh Tamer , Hiyari Montaser
Published: February 2021

Thermal comfort has a great effect on occupants’ productivity and general well-being. Since people spend 80–90% of their time indoors, developing the tools and methods that help in enhancing the thermal comfort for buildings are worth investigating.

Previous studies have proved that using passive systems like Trombe walls and solar chimneys significantly enhanced thermal comfort in inside spaces despite that each system has a specific purpose within a specific climate condition. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to design and configure a new dual functional passive system, called a solar wall.

The new system combines the Trombe wall and solar chimney, and it can cool or heat based on building needs. Simulation software, DesignBuilder, has been used to configure the Solar Wall and study its impact on indoor operative temperature for the base case. Using the new system, the simulation results were compared with those obtained in the base case and analyzed to determine the most efficient system design parameters and implementation method. The case that gave the best results for solar wall configuration was triple glazed glass and 0.1 cm copper as an absorber (case 11). The results show that using four units (case D) achieves longer thermal comfort levels: 15 to 24 thermal hours during winter (compared to five hours maximum) and 10 to 19 comfort hours in summer (compared to zero).
OPTIMAL ENERGY DESIGN AND RETROFIT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE TURKISH BUILDING SECTOR
Authors: Sayin Selçuk , Augenbroe Godfried
Published: February 2021

This paper introduces methodologies and optimal strategies to reduce the energy consumption of the building sector with the aim to reduce global energy usage of a given .region or country. Many efforts are underway to develop investment strategies for large-scale energy retrofits and stricter energy design standards for existing and future buildings. This paper presents a study that informs these strategies in a novel way. It introduces support for the cost-optimized retrofits of existing, and design improvements of new buildings in Turkey with the aim to offer recommendations to individual building owners as well as guidance to the market. Three building types, apartment, single-family house and office are analyzed with a novel optimization approach. The energy performance of each type is simulated in five different climate regions of Turkey and four different vintages. For each vintage, the building is modelled corresponding to local Turkish regulations that applied at the time of construction. Optimum results are produced for different goals in terms of energy saving targets. The optimization results reveal that a 50% energy saving target is attainable for the retrofit and a 40% energy saving target is attainable for new design improvements for each building type in all climate regions.
Reading the Narrative Structures in Educational Videos and Science Communication for the New Learner in the Age of Transhumanism
Authors: Kalkan Basak
Published: February 2021

When defining the new world, where knowledge is not independent of the one who possesses knowledge, it is considered imperative to develop new models for learning and science communication processes that are not simply confined to dichotomies such as tangible and intangible, or measurable and immeasurable. In the age of transhumanism, the concepts of production and consumption are freed from the shackles of absolute conceptualization and are defined instead with the concepts of producing consumer or consuming producer. In the science communication process, the new learner must be defined without being confined to absolute definitions on the new road map that is defined for the subject. The new learner is the actor, observer, adventurer, creative nomadic individual who cannot be trapped with absolutes in the post-modern era. This study seeks an answer to the question of whether or not a new content design is possible for the actor, observer, adventurer, creative nomadic individual in the face of the formlessness, ambiguity, and continuity of postmodernism.
The Nature of Intelligent Analytics
Authors: Sun Zhaohao , Stranieri Andrew
Published: February 2021

Intelligent analytics is an emerging paradigm in the age of big data, analytics, and artificial intelligence (AI). This chapter explores the nature of intelligent analytics. More specifically, this chapter identifies the foundations, cores, and applications of intelligent big data analytics based on the investigation into the state-of-the-art scholars' publications and market analysis of advanced analytics. Then it presents a workflow-based approach to big data analytics and technological foundations for intelligent big data analytics through examining intelligent big data analytics as an integration of AI and big data analytics. The chapter also presents a novel approach to extend intelligent big data analytics to intelligent analytics. The proposed approach in this chapter might facilitate research and development of intelligent analytics, big data analytics, business analytics, business intelligence, AI, and data science.
Data Science and Big Data Practice Using Apache Spark and Python
Authors: Chen Li , Coulibaly Lala Aicha
Published: February 2021

Data science and big data analytics are still at the center of computer science and information technology. Students and researchers not in computer science often found difficulties in real data analytics using programming languages such as Python and Scala, especially when they attempt to use Apache-Spark in cloud computing environments-Spark Scala and PySpark. At the same time, students in information technology could find it difficult to deal with the mathematical background of data science algorithms. To overcome these difficulties, this chapter will provide a practical guideline to different users in this area. The authors cover the main algorithms for data science and machine learning including principal component analysis (PCA), support vector machine (SVM), k-means, k-nearest neighbors (kNN), regression, neural networks, and decision trees. A brief description of these algorithms will be explained, and the related code will be selected to fit simple data sets and real data sets. Some visualization methods including 2D and 3D displays will be also presented in this chapter.
Big Data Analytics for Smart Airport Management
Authors: Narongou Desmond , Sun Zhaohao
Published: February 2021

Smart airport management has drawn increasing attention worldwide for improving airport operational efficiency. Big data analytics is an emerging computing paradigm and enabler for smart airport management in the age of big data, analytics, and artificial intelligence (AI). This chapter will explore big data analytics for smart airport management from a perspective of PNG Jackson's International Airport. More specifically, this chapter first provides an overview of big data analytics and smart airport management and then looks at the impact of big data analytics on smart airport management. The chapter discusses how to apply big data analytics and smart airport management to upgrade PNG Jackson's International Airport in terms of safety and security, optimizing operational effectiveness, service enhancements, and customer experience. The approach proposed in this chapter might facilitate research and development of intelligent big data analytics, smart airport management, and customer relationship management.