bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of controllable scientific equipment into the Russian Segment of the International Space Station
Authors: AYUKAEVA Diana M. , VORONIN Fedor A. , POLUARSHINOV Mikhail A. , KHARCHIKOV Mikhail A.
Published: September 2020

The paper discusses the process of integrating scientific equipment into the Russian Segment of the International Space Station (ISS RS) to conduct space experiment using the ISS IS information and control system.
The paper addresses the stages in ground processing of scientific equipment that are critical for its successful operation after delivery to the ISS RS: tests on the hardware (vibration and hydraulic tests, electromagnetic compatibility tests, incoming inspection), development of the software for the equipment using ground debugging facility and conducting integrated tests in the checkout facility.
It points out the need to update the existing stages of ground preparations for experiments to reduce the hardware ground processing time.
Taking as examples the space experiment Terminator and experiments conducted using cargo transportation spacecraft Progress, the paper resents results obtained through the use of the described approach.
Key words: information and control system, scientific equipment, space experiment, International Space Station, logistics spacecraft Progress, microgravity.
Transfers with a rendezvous lasting no more than one orbit between close near-circular coplanar orbits
Authors: BRAGAZIN Aleksandr F. , USKOV Alexey V.
Published: September 2020

Consideration has been given to orbit transfers involving spacecraft rendezvous which belong to a class of coplanar non-intersecting near-circular orbits of a spacecraft and a space station. The duration of the transfer is assumed to be limited by one orbit. The feasibility of a rendezvous using an optimal two-burn orbit-to-orbit transfer is studied. To determine a single free parameter of the transfer, i.e. the time of its start, ensuring a rendezvous at a given time or at a given velocity at the end of transfer, appropriate equations have been obtained
To implement in the guidance algorithms optimal three-burn correction programs are proposed to achieve a rendezvous at a given time with a specified relative velocity at the moment of spacecraft contact. A range of phase differences at the start of maneuvering is determined, within which the characteristic velocity of the rendezvous is equal to the minimum characteristic velocity of the orbit-to-orbit transfer. The paper presents simulation results for “quick" rendezvous profiles that use the proposed programs.
Key words: spacecraft, orbital station, “quick” rendezvous, orbit transfer, rendezvous program.
The use of microperforated materials as duct liners: Comparison with fibrous linings
Authors: Shin Hyunjun , Bolton J. Stuart
Published: September 2020

The acoustical performance of a microperforated duct liner and a fibrous lining was compared to confirm that a microperforated panel lining can be used to re- place a fibrous liner as a sound attenuator in a duct. Fibrous materials are often used to line ducts in order to attenuate
HVAC noise, for example. These treatments are often primarily useful in a limited frequency range owing to the characteristics of non-planar wave propagation in ducts. At the same time, microperforated mate- rials backed by a finite-depth air space are effective in a limited frequency range
owing to the nature of the reactive impedance of this combination. Here, it will be shown that microperforated materials may be used to create duct linings that produce attenuation comparable with that of fibrous materials in the latter's high- performance region. The characteristics of the
microperforated panel were studied based on the Maa model. To compare the performance of these two linings, theoret- ical, numerical and experimental tools were used. In the various case studies, both extended reaction and locally reacting treatments were considered. For the analyti- cal approach,
Morse's theory was applied in the local reaction case. On the other hand, Scott's analysis was used to study the extended reaction case. In the experi- mental work, the transmission losses of various liner configurations were measured in a square impedance tube. To tune the performance of
a microperforated sheet to reproduce that of a fibrous material, the hole size, porosity, thickness, density, and air-backing depth were modified. To validate the experimental and analytical data and to handle situations that are not easily modeled using an analytical approach, a finite element
model was also used for the calculations. For the finite element model analysis, COMET/VISION and SAFE were used. Since that software does not include explicit microperforated material models, an alternative approach was used. The alternative model was based on the Attala and Sgard model for
perforated panels. This alternative approach in which the perforated panel is modeled as a thin porous layer was successfully implemented in finite element form. Finally, it was demonstrated that the microperforated panel can successfully reproduce the acous- tical performance of glass fiber
as a duct lining material.
The Influence of Competence, Organizational Culture, Spiritual Leadership on Organizational Behavior and Its Impact on Lecturer Performance at Higher Education in Baubau City
Authors: H Hardin , Azizu Azelia Monica , Sari Wa Ode Dian Purnama
Published: September 2020

Lecturer performance is closely related to various factors such as inadequate competence of lecturers, weak organizational culture, low spiritual leadership and organizational behavior that is not suitable for improving lecturer performance. The objectives of this study are: (1) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between lecturer competence, academic culture, spiritual leadership and organizational behavior simultaneously on lecturer performance; (2) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between lecturer competence on lecturer performance; (3) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between academic culture on lecturer performance; (4) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between spiritual leadership on lecturer performance; (5) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between organizational behavior on lecturer performance. The research method is a combination of sequential explanatory models or designs. The research sample was 140 lecturers. The data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression statistical analysis using the Social Sciences Program Statistics version 20. The results of this study were: (1) The simultaneous regression hypothesis was the Fcount of 254 and the Sig. shows that the probability value of 0.000 is smaller than 0.05, this means that the independent variables, namely lecturer competence, academic culture, spiritual leadership and organizational behavior simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on lecturer performance; (2) The value of tcount 2.271 > ttable  1.978  and the value of Sig. variable X2 0.025 < 0.05, it can be concluded that the variable competence of lecturers has a significant positive effect on lecturer performance; (3) The value of tcount -1.023 < ttable 1.978, and the value of Sig. variable X3  0.308 > 0.05, it can be concluded that the academic culture variable has an insignificant negative effect on lecturer performance; (4) The value of tcount -1.115 < ttable 1.978 and the value of Sig. variable X4  0.267 >  0.05, it can be concluded that the spiritual leadership variable has an insignificant negative effect on lecturer performance; (5) The value of tcount 16.896 > ttable 1.978 and the value of Sig. variable X5  0.00 < 0.05, it can be concluded that the variable organizational behavior has a significant positive effect on lecturer performance.
O DESCONFORTO DOCENTE COM A IMPOSIÇÃO PARA ATUAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA E AS ESTRATÉGIAS PARA SUA SUPERAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Edson Moura da , Marinho Simão Pedro P.
Published: September 2020

O mercantilismo na educação se desponta como um nicho de mercado promissor e passa a ser alimentado pela EaD. Com a proliferação da EaD no ensino superior brasileiro, o professor, comumente contratado para atuar em aulas presencias, vê-se obrigado a ministrar disciplinas on-line. Além de constatar a precarização de seu trabalho, no contexto das pressões normativas o professor sofre desconforto e desprazer, tendo que adotar mecanismos de defesa psicológicos como forma de sua superação. O artigo descreve achados de uma pesquisa descritiva e qualitativa realizada junto a docentes que se viram obrigados a atuar na EaD. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas realizadas com professores da educação superior que, no período de 2010 a 2017, por imposição institucional assumiram a responsabilidade por disciplinas oferecidas à distância. Foi possível constatar diferentes insatisfações, desconfortos e queixas de mal-estar e identificar diferentes tipos de mecanismos de defesa adotados como forma de superação frente às pressões normativas. Os constructos teóricos acerca dos mecanismos de defesa foram pautados nas teorias psicanalíticas postuladas por Sigmund Freud.
FAKTOR RISIKO KELELAHAN KERJA PETUGAS INSTALASI FARMASI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PAMBALAH BATUNG AMUNTAI
Authors: Handayani Eka
Published: September 2020

Beberapa penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Departemen Kesehatan RI didapat 30-40% masyarakat pemberi jasa layanan kesehatan yang bersifat teknis dan beroperasi selama 8-24 jam sehari mengalami kelelahan. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada Mei sampai Juli 2018 di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Pambalah Batung Amuntai dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 34 responden dan sampel diambil dari seluruh populasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara umur (0,013), shift kerja (0,026) dan waktu kerja (0,026) dengan kelelahan kerja dengan nilai p  <0,05 dan tidak ada hubungan antara status gizi (0, 634) dan masa kerja (0,079)  petugas dengan kelelahan kerja petugas di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Umum Pambalah Batung Amuntai dengan nilai p >0,05. Disarankan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada petugas farmasi mengenai kelelahan kerja dan melakukan jadwal ulang shift kerja petugas agar memiliki waktu istirahat yang memadai.
PERBEDAAN RERATA PENGETAHUAN TENTANG TUGAS PERKEMBANGAN REMAJA PADA WANITA MENIKAH USIA DINI DENGAN MENIKAH USIA MATANG DI KECAMATAN BANJARMASIN BARAT
Authors: Ruslinawati Ruslinawati
Published: September 2020

Remaja yang melakukan pernikahan dini secara perkembangan reproduksi dan psikologis belum matang karena masih mengalami masa transisi dari anak-anak menjadi pubertas. pernikahan dini dalam perspektif kesehatan reproduksi menemukan bahwa perempuan memiliki pengetahuan yang minim dan pemahaman yang kurang tentang dampak keputusan yang diambil untuk melakukan pernikahan dini. Semakin muda  usia  pernikahan  maka akan semakin  rendah pula jenjang pendidikan yang didapat, sehingga pengetahuan yang diperoleh juga akan semakin sedikit. Kecamatan Banjarmasin Barat mempunyai angka pernikahan dini tertinggi dari 5 Kecamatan yang ada di Kota Banjarmasin pada tahun 2017. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui perbedaan rerata pengetahuan tentang tugas perkembangan remaja pada wanita menikah usia dini dengan menikah usia matang di Banjarmasin Barat. Metode penelitian komparatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional menggunakan kuesioner dan uji statistik Independent t-test. Populasi berjumlah 172 wanita dengan sampel 63 responden terdiri dari 31 wanita menikah usia dini dan 32 wanita menikah usia matang yang menggunakan Cluster Random Sampling. Pada wanita menikah usia dini umur 15-20 tahun rerata pengetahuan didapatkan skor 52,58 sedangkan wanita menikah usia matang umur 21-25 tahun dapat rerata skor 69,31. Terdapat perbedaan rerata pengetahuan tentang tugas perkembangan remaja 16,73 (ρ = 0,000 < α = 0,05)
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI IBU MEMBERIKAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN TEKNIK MENYUSUI YANG BENAR DI PUSKESMAS TEGALREJO YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wijaya Wulan -
Published: September 2020

ASI Eksklusif merupakan salah satu program yang cukup sulit dikembangkan karena berkaitan dengan berbagai permasalahan sosial di masyarakat. Pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi sering dikaitkan dengan motivasi ibu. Dukungan atau dorongan sangat penting untuk mendukung ibu agar berhasil menyusui dengan benar dan secara eksklusif. Salah satu ketidakberhasilan ibu menyusui anaknya, diantaranya ibu belum memahami sepenuhnya cara menyusui yang benar termasuk teknik menyusui yang benar. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 36 ibu yang melahirkan atau ibu postpartum. Penelitian yang didaptkan bahwa ada hubungan motivasi ibu memberikan ASI eksklusif dengan teknik menyusui yang benar dengan nilai p-value sebesar 0,001 sedangkan untuk koefisien kontingestinya sebesar

0,513 yang menyatakan tingkat hubungannya sedang antara motivasi ibu memberikan ASI eksklusif dengan teknik menyusui yang benar. Lanjutkan penelitian dengan variable lain seperti dukungan pemberian AS eksklusif terhadap praktik menyusui.
THE EVIDENCE-BASED BARRIERS IMPLEMENTATION SUPPORT DURING LABOUR
Authors: Amalia Rizki Amalia
Published: September 2020

Evidence-based is an effective strategy to improve the quality of midwifery care. The aim of this study is to explore in depth the barriers to the implementation of evidence-based support during normal labor at Praktik Mandiri Bidan (PMB). This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological descriptive approach. Participant selection uses a purposive sampling technique (convinience sampling). Data collection using in-depth interviews and observations. Analysis of the data used is thematic analysis. The results of this study there are three barriers to implementation of support during normal labor, namely barriers from the family, barriers from patients and husbands, and lack of knowledge of patients and families about support during labor. It is difficult to implement the practice according to evidence-based, there are barriers that occur when implementing it. Health professionals are expected to increase the provision of education to patients and families about support during labor.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP ORANG TUA TENTANG PENYAPIHAN DINI TERHADAP KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS KEDUNG BANTENG KAB.BANYUMAS
Authors: Mu’minah Ikhwah
Published: September 2020

Pola penyapihan yang terlalu dini pada usia 0-6 bulan memunculkan masalah pada aspek hubungan sebab-akibat dimana pemberian MP-ASI yang kurang tepat mengakibatkan bayi menjadi gizi kurang atau gizi buruk. Pada usia 0-6 bulan, sebaiknya bayi hanya di diberi ASI secara eksklusif, karena produksi ASI pada usia tersebut sudah mencukupi kebutuhan gizi bayi untuk tumbuh kembang dan menjaga kesehatannya. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi penyapihan dini diantaranya pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua . Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan tekhnik total sampling. Penelitian didapatkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua tentang penyapihan dini terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita dengan p value <0,05.
ФЕНОМЕН ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ И КУЛЬТУРНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА
Authors: КОК С. , КОК С.
Published: September 2020

В этом исследовании обсуждается влияние глобализации на культурную политику, которая является типом управления, ориентированным на культуру на местном, национальном, региональном или международном уровне, предназначенным для непосредственного влияния на культурное выражение отдельных лиц и групп людей, включая создание и распространение культурных мероприятий, товаров и услуг и свободный доступ общества к этим областям. Рассматриваются такие понятия, как культура, культурная политика, идентичность, а также то, как национальная культура формируется под влиянием глобализации, которая влияет на местную и универсальную культуру. Делается выводы о том, что культурно-неоднородное государство более жизнеспособно, особенно когда успешно управляет культурной неоднородностью. В данной работе используются неоинституциональный, интерпретационный методы анализа и политико-культурный подход.
СЦЕНАРИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ КОНФЛИКТОВ
И ПУТИ ИХ ПРЕДОТВРАЩЕНИЯ
ЧАСТЬ I
Authors: КУРБОНОВА З.М. , МАХМАДОВ А.Н.
Published: September 2020

Статья посвящена вопросу конфликтов и конфликтных ситуаций в современных условиях. Важным является то обстоятельство, что в настоящее время для достижения мира и гармонии необходимо умение действовать в условиях конфликта. Человечество много веков бьется над проблемой связи конфликта и терпимости. И каждый раз, когда оно делало выбор между войной и миром, и гармонией, на следующем витке развития оно вновь возвращалось к тому же выбору.
Феномен импортного ЭКСПО: новые подходы в государственной политике регулирования выставочной деятельности в КНР
Authors: Назаров А.Д. , НАЗАРОВА Е.А.
Published: September 2020

В статье подробно анализируется накопленный опыт организации и проведения первых китайских международных выставок-ярмарок импортных товаров (China International Import Expo), участия в них России, как почетного гостя, представившей множество промышленных и технологических новинок в самых разных отраслях, а также комплексную презентацию в области развития торговли, инвестиций, туризма.
ВНЕШНЕПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ. ФАКТОРЫ-НОСИТЕЛИ БУДУЩЕГО
Authors: ПРЯХИН В.Ф.
Published: September 2020

В условиях глобализации внешнеполитическое прогнозирование становится все более необходимым и все более сложным. Резко возросли требования к его реалистичности и достоверности. В то же время сократились сроки, отводимые как на само прогнозирование, так и на процесс принятия решений.
В предлагаемой статье автор делает некоторые выводы и опыта практической прогностической работы в сфере внешней политики. Предлагается система факторов-носителей будущего, качественный и количественный анализ которых делает внешнеполитический прогноз более достоверным и реалистичным. Среди этих факторов особое значение придается научно-техническому прогрессу и его осмыслению политическими элитами для реализации в практике международных отношений в интересах формирования целостного устойчивого мирового порядка на основе социального равенства и межнационального равенства.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ГАЗОВЫХ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ ВОСТОЧНОГО СРЕДИЗЕМНОМОРЬЯ НА ЕВРОПЕЙСКУЮ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКУЮ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ
Authors: ИБРАГИМОВ С.Р. , МЕХДИЕВ Э.Т.
Published: September 2020

В статье освещаются последние события в энергетической сфере Восточного Средиземноморья. За последние десять лет Израиль, Кипр и Египет превратились из импортеров природного газа в экспортеров. Каждый из них обладает богатыми запасами природного газа и стремится получать прибыль от экспорта. С двумя основными игроками, такими как ЕС и Турция, проблема становится политизированной. Основной движущей идеей европейской газовой политики является диверсификация поставщиков, в то время как Турция находится на пути к тому, чтобы стать распределительным хабом природного газа в Европе и на Ближнем Востоке. Автор рассматривает месторождения природного газа Израиля и Кипра и возможности их экспорта. Имея три варианта для экспорта, такие как Восточно-средиземноморский газопровод, израильско-турецкий трубопровод и египетские СПГ-установки, автор отдает приоритет последним как наиболее выгодным.
PERBAIKAN KAWASAN PERUMAHAN KUMUH DENGAN MEMPERGUNAKAN DANA KOMERSIAL (STUDI KASUS: KAWASAN TAMANSARI, BANDUNG)
Authors: Putra Bagas Dwipantra , Pontoh Nia Kurniasih
Published: September 2020

The presence of slum settlement in urban areas is one of the phenomenant faced by many cities in developing countries. Slum improvement program in Indonesia has been started since Dutch colonization period and still continues until today. Most of the fund were used for the programs can be classified as grant. This kind of fund does not educate slum dwellers because it is not necessary for them to repay those fund. Also this type of fund are very limited in numbers, that is why it is so important to find another source that is sustainable and unlimited. The solution is by using commercial fund from formal banking institution, in this case housing loan. This research aim is to study the use of commercial fund for slum settlement improvement in Tamansari, Bandung. The result from this research is a concept for slum settlement improvement in Tamansari that emphasize on several aspect, such as cooperation and financial aspect. Financial Engineering is the most important indicator, that is used to indicate if this program is feasible from financial aspect.
Evaluasi Tingkat Efisiensi Penggunaan Energi Kajian Ex Post Facto Penerapan Standar Green Building Gedung A ITSB
Authors: Irfan Muhammad Arief
Published: September 2020

In Indonesia, until 2016, there were only 11 building units that were successfully certified by green building by the Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI). The eleven buildings are classified as new building and claimed to be 43% efficient. The issue of energy efficiency in buildings is increasingly becoming a real action. As the first campus in Indonesia to be certified green building with the title of gold, Building A Bandung Institute of Technology and Science (ITSB), located in Cikarang, is expected to be an environmentally friendly pilot building and also a building capable of achieving energy efficiency targets. The building, which began construction in 2009 and completed in 2011, is one of the new building categories that is very well used as an evaluation object. Since its operation in 2012, the ITSB building has never been the object of study regarding the level of efficiency in energy use. The research carried out using the energy audit method for the ITSB building shows that there are levels of energy efficiency, especially electricity use, in the period of 2013 to 2017. From this period data, studies of building performance can be carried out with energy efficiency opportunities in the future. future.
Efek Psikologi Manipulasi Elemen Air dalam Desain Interior – Studi Kasus : Fitur Air Jatuh Dengan Pengaturan Rendah
Authors: Suarna I Ketut
Published: September 2020

Manipulasi elemen air dalam desain interior memberi gambaran bahwa manusia membutuhkan stimulus dalam merestorasi prilakunya. Melalui eksperimen 3 model fitur air dengan kategori volume tumpahan besar, medium dan kecil, penelitian ditujukan untuk mencari fitur mana yang cenderung lebih efektik memberi dampak psikologi yang lebih baik . Suara yang dihasilkan dari ketiga model fitur air direkam dan diolah dengan software Audacity untuk dijadikan stimulus melalui uji listening kepada 30 responden. Dampak psikologi yang ditimbulkan diukur melalui penilaian terhadap respon persepsi dan respon emosi melalui kuisioner yang disusun dengan metoda semantik diferensial. Pengukuran respon persepsi dikaitkan dengan atribut fisik berupa kualitas bunyi air (ketajaman, kasar-halus, kecepatan yang dikaitkan dengan deras atau pelan) dan variasi bunyi yang yang dikaitkan dengan konstan atau bervariasinya bunyi. Sementara penilaian terhadap respon emosi dikaitkan dengan dampak ketenangan, rileks, alami, familiar, kesegaran, senang dan tegang. Fitur air yang cenderung mendapat penilaian positf adalah fitur dengan bentuk tumpahan satu titik sebagai perwakilan volume tumpahan yang kecil.
Penggunaan asam sulfat sebagai aktivator fly ash dalam aplikasi proses koagulasi pada pengolahan limbah cair industri pulp dan kertas
Authors: Susilo Nurul Ajeng , Sulistyawati Noviea
Published: September 2020

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemanfaatan abu layang batubara (fly ash) yang diaktivasi oleh asam sulfat sebagai koagulan pada pengolahan limbah cair pulp dan kertas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan H2SO¬4 dalam mengaktivasi abu layang batubara, menentukan aktivasi optimum abu layang batubara sebagai koagulan, serta menentukan dosis optimum penambahan koagulan abu layang batubara teraktivasi dalam proses pengolahan limbah cair pulp dan kertas. Abu layang batubara diaktivasi dengan menggunakan H2SO4 dengan 9 macam variasi aktivasi. Kondisi optimum didapatkan pada pemanasan 250oC, selama 60 menit, dengan rasio perbandingan asam sulfat : abu laying sebesar 1:5 dan konsentrasi H2SO4 2M. Selanjutnya, koagulan cair pada kondisi optimum dilakukan uji efektivitas pada proses pengolahan limbah cair pulp dan kertas. Parameter yang diukur yaitu COD, TSS, warna, kekeruhan dan konduktivitas. Dosis optimum koagulan abu layang teraktivasi yaitu pada dosis 30000 ppm dengan penurunan COD sebesar 81,5%, TSS sebesar 96,2%, warna sebesar 86,5% , dan kekeruhan sebesar 99,3%. Penambahan koagulan abu layang teraktivasi menimbulkan kenaikan nilai konduktivitas air limbah hasil koagulasi.
Kajian Perbandingan Komposisi Kimia, Sifat Mekanik dan Ketahanan Aus terhadap Baja Perkakas AISI D2 pada Aplikasi DIES
Authors: Ibrahim Setiani
Published: September 2020

Material dies yang digunakan dalam proses stamping harus memiliki kekerasan, ketangguhan, ketahanan aus dan umur pakai yang optimal, untuk menghasilkan perpaduan sifat tersebut diperlukan pemilihan material dies dan proses perlakuan panas yang tepat. Pemilihan material merupakan faktor terpenting untuk mendapatkan umur pakai yang tinggi sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan proses produksi. Salah satu material yang dapat digunakan sebagai dies adalah material baja perkakas AISI D2. Pada penelitian ini di gunakan tiga jenis material baja perkakas AISI D2 dari tiga distributor berbeda, metoda penentuan material baja perkakas AISI D2 yang tepat dilakukan berdasarkan analisis dan sifat mekanik yang dihasilkan setelah proses perlakuan panas. Material yang memiliki ketahanan aus yang tinggi merupakan material yang memiliki struktur mikro martensit temper dengan primary carbide dan small secondary carbide yang dihasilkan setelah proses tempering yang dipengaruhi oleh komposisi kimianya.
Case Report on Ulcerative Colitis in 16 year girl
Authors: MD.Salma MD.Salma , Y.Siva Y.Siva , , J.Bhargava Narendra , J.Bhargava Narendra
Published: September 2020

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disorder that involves any part of the colon starting in the rectum in a continuous fashion presenting typically with symptoms such as bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal urgency.The clinical presentation of the disease usually dictates the choice of pharmacologic therapy, where the goal is to first induce remission and then maintain a corticosteroid-free remission. UC is diagnosed based on clinical presentation and endoscopic evidence of inflammation in the colon starting in the rectum and extending proximally in the colon. The choice of treatment depends on severity, localization and the course of the disease. For proctitis, topical therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) compounds is used. More extensive or severe disease should be treated with oral and local 5-ASA compounds and corticosteroids to induce remission. Patients who do not respond to this treatment require hospitalization. Intravenous steroids or, when refractory, calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine, tacrolimus), tumor necrosis factor-α antibodies (infliximab) or immunomodulators (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine) are then called for. Indications for emergency surgery include refractory toxic megacolon, perforation, and continuous severe colorectal bleeding.
Fostering the Development of Language Learner Autonomy Through Peer and Self-Assessment
Authors: Shelton-Strong Scott J.
Published: September 2020

Autonomy and assessment have been the subject of renewed interest within the field of education. English Language Teaching (ELT) contexts have attracted particular interest as the importance of learner autonomy for language learners continues to be researched and acknowledged, while an understanding of the relationship between assessment and autonomy continues to grow. Questions remain, however, whether autonomy lends itself willingly to assessment, or if indeed there are unobtrusive and practical ways to do so. Nevertheless, assessment and autonomy may be related at other junctures. This paper outlines a classroom-based intervention whereby assessment descriptors were used to engage university age English language learners in Japan in reflection and response, as one of the tools used in a continuous assessment approach to the evaluation of participation and communication. An examination of the background and context underpinning this intervention is first provided, followed by an analysis of learner responses to questions related to self-assessment. In conclusion, ways in which these may be viewed in relationship to broad indicators of autonomy, and the development of metacognitive awareness are discussed.
A Dynamic Model for Autonomy: Self-Assessment as Reflection
Authors: Tassinari Maria Giovanna
Published: September 2020

Self-assessment, as the independent judgment of the learner on their own competencies or achievements, ideally based upon self-determined criteria (Kleppin, 2005, p. 107), aims at raising the learner’s awareness of their strengths and progress within the language learning process and is therefore crucial in autonomization processes. Beside self-assessment of language proficiency, self-assessment of learning competences and competences for autonomy should be integrated into the language learning process. However, since autonomy is a complex and fluctuating construct, it is advisable to encourage self-assessment with qualitative and dynamic tools which allow learners to reflect on their competences and goals at different times of the learning process and with different focuses. The dynamic model for autonomy (Tassinari, 2010, 2015) was conceived to describe autonomy in its complexity and to support reflection. In this contribution, I will briefly describe the dynamic model and illustrate a procedure for self-assessment and reflection in self-directed learning contexts.
In-Between the Process and Outcome in Advising in Language Learning: Reflecting on my Very First Advising Session
Authors: Güven Yalçın Gamze
Published: September 2020

This paper contains the reflections of a novice advisor who had the opportunity to attend a thoroughly comprehensive four phase-training program, the first of which had the purpose of teaching the basics of advising (philosophy, strategies, knowledge, etc.) with hands-on practice. As for the practice, the trainees were assigned to have a practice session with a student near the end of the first phase at the Self-Access Learning Center (‘The SALC’) at Kanda University of International Studies (KUIS) in Japan, where the training itself took place.
“Metamorphosis”: In the Advising Sense
Authors: Karaaslan Hatice
Published: September 2020

This one-to-one advising session takes place at the Self-Access Learning Center (the SALC) at Kanda University of International Studies (KUIS) in Japan, as part of our one-week intensive Course 1 Getting Started Learning Advisor Training Program as visiting English language instructors from Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University School of Foreign Languages in Turkey.
The Effect of Career Planning Tools in Developing Learning Autonomy
Authors: Lin Charlotte
Published: September 2020

This article reviews the career planning tools from each of the chapters in the book Taking Charge of Your Career Direction (Lock, 2005) and how these tools relate to developing learning autonomy. The main context of discussion is set in a Japanese university, where Japanese natives major in English and other languages, but the author also discusses how the tools apply to her own career development as an educator. In addition to discussing the usefulness of these tools from an educator’s perspective, the article also makes suggestions on how these tools can be applied to students or anyone who is in a helping position of assisting university students to develop autonomy while navigating through life in university and beyond.
Learner Autonomy Transforming a Self-Reflection Task
Authors: Asami Lorna S.
Published: September 2020

In 2017, the Japanese Ministry of Education (MEXT) published the pamphlet, “Overview of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.” In it, MEXT states that the Central Council for Education has been discussing revisions to the National Curriculum Standards “with the aim of realizing a ‘curriculum open to society’.” The council also advocates “proactive, interactive, and deep learning (improving classes from the perspective of active learning)” (MEXT, 2017, p. 8). Regarding junior and senior high schools, MEXT states that “… schools should verify and adopt an evaluation method, etc. which covers various aspects including students’ motivation and attitude for active learning. This can be achieved by focusing on students’ interest, motivation and attitude towards communication, which all lead to active learning” (MEXT, 2017, p. 8). As I have found it possible to combine active learning concepts that MEXT advocates with my research interests in autonomy and motivation, I am challenged to design a more learner-centered classroom. Walker and Symons (1997) state that human motivation is at its peak when certain requirements are fulfilled. One requirement is that people have sufficient autonomy (Dörnyei, 2001). It follows that to increase our students’ motivation for learning, we need to allow our students to have the autonomy they need to thrive.
Student Perceptions of the English Lounge after a Layout Change
Authors: Chen Allen , Mynard Jo
Published: September 2020

This research aims to understand how students use English at the Self Access Learning Center (SALC) at Kanda University of International Studies (KUIS). Specifically, the research is focused on the second floor of the SALC which is intended to be an English only space. The new SALC opened in April 2017, but some layout changes were made in September (the start of the second semester) in response to student feedback indicating that the English Lounge was intimidating and difficult to access. The present research investigates whether students use the English Lounge differently since the layout change and their views on how the SALC can further be improved.
How to Broaden Perspectives Through Intentional Reflective Dialogue
Authors: Şen Hülya
Published: September 2020

The face-to-face mentoring session described in this paper took place on 20th June, 2018 at the School of Foreign Languages of METU in Turkey, as part of my final assignment to Course 4: Advisor Education of Learning Advisor Training Program.
Testing the Waters: Gauging the Viability of Self-Directed Language Learning in an Eikaiwa School
Authors: Hooper Daniel
Published: September 2020

This perspective piece discusses the need for and viability of educators promoting self-directed language learning among adult students in the under-researched private English conversation school (eikaiwa) context. In this article I will present some potential contextual constraints to be negotiated as well as highlighting possible fruitful approaches for the fostering of self-directed learning with eikaiwa students. By examining existing research on both eikaiwa and self-regulation as well as the factors that draw students to these schools, this article describes how teachers can harness prevalent beliefs in eikaiwa and direct them into attractive and empowering self-study resources for their learners.
Exploring Basic Psychological Needs in a Language Learning Center. Part 1: Conducting Student Interviews
Authors: Asta Emma , Mynard Jo
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the authors outline the initial stages of a research project designed to investigate the extent to which the Self-Access Learning Center (The SALC) at Kanda University of International Studies (KUIS) provides an autonomy-supportive environment conducive for effective language development. After giving a brief account of the context, the literature, and previous research, the authors discuss the aims of the project, provide a description of the research methods for the first portion of the research, and share some preliminary results. One of the unique features of this stage of the research project was that it involved a large number of co-researchers all of whom were active participants in the SALC at the time of the data collection. This paper gives details of the process of creating structured interview questions which were used to conduct over 100 interviews with regular SALC users. Limitations and next steps in the project are also provided.
Review of Mercer, Sarah and Kostoulas, Achilleas (Eds.) (2018). Language teacher psychology.
Authors: Lewis Marilyn
Published: September 2020

At first glance this book’s title may not appeal to classroom teachers looking for ideas for tomorrow’s lesson. Delving further into the book’s description, though, they might be surprised at how interesting it is to have the magnifying glass focussed on them instead of its usual examination of learners. The introduction suggests a specific reason why a book like this could be worth reading, namely that teachers can often be more memorable to students than the classroom tasks set for them. With these and other reasons in mind, it seems surprising that books examining students hugely outnumber those that examine the psychology of teachers.
Chrysophanol Triggers Cell Death via Unfolded Protein Response and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Oral Cancer FaDu Cells
Authors: Lin Chih-Hung , Lu Ping-Hsun , Yue Chung-Tai , Hsieh Po-Chun , Lin Ya-Hsuan , Lan Chou-Chin , Chiu Valeria , Tzeng I-Shiang , Kuo Chan-Yen
Published: September 2020

Oral cancer is a type of head and neck cancer that can be life threatening. Unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum stress play a critical role in carcinogenesis. However, prolonged activation of unfolded protein response also activates apoptosis. Thus, a new treatment strategy maybe activation of extensive unfolded protein response and severe endoplasmic reticulum stress in tumor cells. We examined the pharmacological effects of chrysophanol on an oral cancer cell line FaDu, a hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma specifically for its ability to cause cell death via unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum stress. We measured the expression of binding immunoglobulin protein, C/EBP homologous protein, phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme-1α, and activating transcription factor 6 after treatment with chrysophanol in absence or presence of APY29 (an inhibitor of phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme-1α). Chrysophanol caused cell death via upregulations of binding immunoglobulin protein that is also known as 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein, C/EBP homologous protein, phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme-1α, and activating transcription factor 6. This activity was reversed by APY29. Thus, chrysophanol could be a useful antitumor agent for the management of oral cancer.
Preparation and Release of Vanillin from Sporopollenin Microcapsules
Authors: Dong Zeng , Cao Yu-Yao , Xie Xiang , Gao Gui-Zhen , Zhai Ke-Feng , Cao Wen-Gen
Published: September 2020

Sporopollenin is a potential carrier for active ingredient due to its uniform size, central cavity, as well as chemical and thermal stability. Sporopollenin microcapsules were obtained by a series of processes on the pollens of Typhae angustfolia. Vanillin was embedded in sporopollenin using passive loading and evaporating techniques. Raw cattail pollen, sporopollenin, vanillin, and vanillin-loaded microcapsules were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that sporopollenin exhibits structural integrity, porosity, and good thermal stability. The encapsulation efficiencies of the microcapsules prepared by passive loading technique and evaporating loading technique were found to be 7.2 ± 0.8% and 40.5 ± 1.6%, respectively. The release profile and kinetics of the vanillin-loaded sporopollenin microcages were conducted to evaluate the suitability of sporopollenin microcapsules for loading. Release behavior of vanillin from microcapsules was more aligned with Fickian diffusion, with an initial rapid cumulative release followed by a lower speed of release. These findings demonstrated that sporopollenin from the cattail pollen of T. angustfolia could be a suitable medium for sustained release of nutritional components.
Kong Kai Bertangga Nada Selendro: Kajian Organologi Kong Kai Pada Masyarakat Helong Di Pulau Semau
Authors: Huka Relin Yosi
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the structure of Kong Kai's music in the Helong community on Semau Island.  This research focuses on Kong Kai sounds that have not been made in a particular musical scale.  Kong Kai has a different sound than the others.  The author intends to establish a standard for the uniform sound settings in all of Semau Island.  The author intends to explore how to make and play kong kai.  The research method used is descriptive qualitative.  With the interview and observation approach, the writer seeks information about Kong Kai.  Waditra Kong Kai can be measured with conventional western musical scales.  Kong Kai has the same musical scales as Slendro.

 

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji struktur musik Kong Kai  pada masyarakat Helong di pulau Semau. Penelitian ini berpusat pada bunyi Kong kai yang belum dibuat dalam tangga nada tertentu. Kong kai mempunyai bunyi yang berbeda dari yang lainnya. Penulis bermaksud membuat standar penyeragaman setingan bunyi kong kai di seluruh Pulau Semau. Penulis bermaksud menelusuri cara membuat dan memainkan kong kai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Dengan pendekatan wawancara dan observasi, penulis mencari informasi mengenai kong kai. Waditra Kong kai  dapat diukur dengan tangga nada konvensional barat. Kong kai memiliki tangga nada yang sama dengan slendro.
Load Frequency Control in a Multi-Area Deregulated Power System with BBBC-based
Discrete Fractional Order Control Scheme
Authors: Kumar Nagendra , Tyagi Barjeev , Kumar Vishal
Published: September 2020

Load frequency control (LFC) for multi-area restructured power system using discrete controlscheme has been suggested in this paper. The proposed LFC scheme utilizes synchronously measured dataof frequency and tie-line power to calculate area control error (ACE). A discrete non-integer proportionalintegral derivative controller (D-FOPID) has been used to derive frequency error to zero. Two-area thermaland four-area hydro thermal deregulated power system has been used to investigate various LFC issues. Theoptimal factors of D-FOPID have been obtained using big bang big crunch (BBBC) algorithm. The systemresults under MATLAB/Simulink validate that D-FOPID effectively work under different types of contractscenarios. D-FOPID performance has also been compared to discrete proportional integral derivativecontroller (D-PID). Further the compliance with control standards of North American electric reliabilitycouncil (NERC) has also been ensured for both the controller.
Technical and Scale Efficiency Analysis of Cash Crops Production in Pakistan: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Authors: Hina Fatima , Almas Lal. K. , Haroon Sehrish , Ullah Mehreen Zaid
Published: September 2020

The study has analyzed the technical efficiency of major cash crops' yield in Pakistanfrom 1948 till 2018. Cotton and sugarcane are the crops selected for analysis with an area ofthousand hectares. For carrying out the analysis, data is taken from the Ministry of Food andAgriculture (MINFA), Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, and economic surveys of Pakistan of differentyears. The technique employed in the study is the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) technique. The result obtained after technical efficiency analysis reveal the suboptimal cashcrop yield in Pakistan throughout the analysis. The average technical efficiency of cotton andsugarcane crops from 1948 to 2018 are approximately 0.80 and 0.84 respectively. Furthermore,the result of scale efficiency analysis showed the monotonous performance of cash crops'production. The consistent variation in cotton and sugar cane crops' yield over the years reportedby the efficiency analysis, accounts for Constant Return to Scale (CRS) and Variable Return toScale (VRS) models, resulted in varying Return to Scale (RTS). The plausible reasons can beattributed to the Increasing Returns to Scale (IRS) or Decreasing Returns to Scale (DRS) in thecase of cotton and sugarcane production. An interesting finding is unveiled that out of 70 years,cotton and sugarcane crops achieved the optimal scale efficiencies for only one year. The bestpossible level of output of cotton and sugarcane crops in the future can be achieved by allocatinga lesser area under the cultivation of these crops in Pakistan. It is also imperative that farmers adoptand implement modern farm technologies. Increasing the area under crop production is not asolution, especially in the wake of alarming population growth and urbanization in Pakistan. Theformulation of policies encouraging farmers requires modern farm inputs to realize the optimalyield of cash crops in Pakistan. The government should educate the farmers regarding advancedfarming and efficient farm management techniques to help to augment the farm output withoutexpansion of the area for these crops
INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF M. TUBERCULOSIS ON THE COURSE OF TUBERCULOSIS WITH MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE
Authors: Krutko V. S. , Nikolaieva L. H. , Maistat T. V. , Oparin O. A. , Rohozhyn Anton Viktorovych
Published: September 2020

Tuberculosis is infectious and socially dependent disease, being now one of the most pressing issues in practical health care. As well the usual types of tuberculosis infection, chemoresistant tuberculosis is spreading rapidly in the world. The WHO estimates that about 500,000 people on the planet are infected with M. tuberculosis, which is resistant to standard anti−tuberculosis drugs. The probability of successful treatment decreases with emergence of new genotypes of M. tuberculosis with total resistance. In the modern epidemiology of tuberculosis, it is important to identify genotypes on certain signs, allowing to address issues such as their origin, identification of the infection source, possible routes and factors of transmission, as well as to reveal cases and spread of resistance to anti−tuberculosis drugs. To evaluate the therapy efficiency of multidrug−resistant tuberculosis patients with revealed genotypic variability during treatment, 10 patients with chemoresistant pulmonary tuberculosis having M. tuberculosis genotypic variability were treated. In these patients, the clinical, laboratory and radiological dynamics of disease in intensive phase of treatment were studied. Analysis of treatment results for patients with chemoresistant tuberculosis with genotypic variability of M. tuberculosis was evaluated by the intoxication syndrome dynamics of, the timing of closure of the decay cavities and cessation of bacterial excretion. The study found that the genotypic variability of M. tuberculosis is characterized by the change of less virulent genotypes of M. tuberculosis to more virulent. Signs of intoxication have been shown to change from less virulent M. tuberculosis genotypes to M. tuberculosis Beijing genotypes. Genotypic variability of mycobacteria in hospital suggests that hospitalization in tuberculosis facilities is a risk of exogenous tuberculosis superinfection. Studying the influence of genotypic variability of M. tuberculosis on the course of multidrug−resistant tuberculosis requires more extensive research, being a very relevant and promising area in phthisiology.

Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, genotypic variability, VNTR−genotyping, treatment.