bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the spatial aggregation characteristics of medical and health facilities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration based on POI
Authors: Yumeng Wang , Qunshan Tao
Published: September 2024

Understanding the spatial layout structure and its influencing factors on the supply of medical and health resources in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is crucial for promoting regional integration and achieving balanced inter-regional medical service development. This study investigates the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration using kernel density analysis and average nearest neighbor distance analysis. By utilizing Gaode open-source POI data from 2023, the spatial aggregation characteristics of medical and health facilities in the region are examined. Additionally, the geographical detector method is employed to explore the factors influencing regional imbalance, focusing on population density, traffic accessibility, policy inclination, and residents' income levels. The findings reveal a clear spatial clustering of medical and health facilities, with the lowest clustering observed in professional public health institutions. Shanghai serves as the core of clustering, with notable agglomeration in all metropolitan areas, while the Anhui urban agglomeration shows weaker overall clustering. The spatial clustering of medical and health facilities results from the interaction of multiple factors, with combined factors having a more significant impact than single factors. Policy inclination emerges as the most significant single factor affecting clustering. These results offer valuable insights for the sustainable and healthy development of the medical industry in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and provide data support for fostering coordinated regional integration.
Synergic action of microRNAs and Wnts delivered by motor neuron EVs in promoting AChR clustering
Authors: Agostini Rachele , Ceccaroli Paola , Polidori Emanuela , Ferracin Manuela , Pace Ilaria , Maggio Serena , Cioccoloni Andrea , Battistelli Michela , Matacchione Giulia , Sbriscia Matilde , Olivieri Fabiola , Cesca Fabrizia , Stocchi Vilberto , Guescini Michele
Published: September 2024

Background
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) establishment occurs through complex communication events between motor neurons and muscle fibers; however, the molecular mechanisms leading to NMJ formation have yet to be fully elucidated. Little is known about the significance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in mediating the interaction between motor neurons and muscle fiber in the NMJ establishment; this study investigates the role of motor neuron-derived EVs during aneural pre-patterning.
Methods
NSC-34 cells have been used as a model of motor neurons; EVs have been isolated during neurite development using a serial ultracentrifugation protocol specifically adjusted to isolate large and small EVs. Subsequently, isolated EVs were quantified through Nanoparticles Tracking Assay and characterized by Western Blot and TEM analysis. Small RNA seq analysis of the miRNAs loaded into EVs has been validated with specific quantitative RT-PCR assays. Subsequently, online web resources predicted the miRNA downstream targets to be involved in Wnt signaling, and their modulation in response to EV treatment was investigated.
Results
NGS analysis of small RNAs carried by NSC-34-derived EVs identified a total of 245 microRNAs, most of which are up-regulated in NSC-34 cells and EVs, along with neurite stretching. Prediction analysis highlighted that many of these miRNAs synergically target the Wnt signaling pathway. Moreover, we found that NSC-34-derived EVs carry Wnts, such as Wnt11, Wnt4 and Wnt3a. Since several studies pointed out the role of the Wnt-associated signaling network in NMJ formation, we investigated the role of EVs in muscle pre-patterning and demonstrated that EV administration to myotubes increases acetylcholine receptor (AChR) cluster formation as revealed by immunofluorescence staining with α-bungarotoxin.
Moreover, myotube treatment with NSC-34-derived EVs led to GSK3β and JNK phosphorylation, followed by β-catenin nuclear translocation, suggesting that neuron-derived EVs can induce AChR clustering through Wnt pathway activation.
Conclusion
These data demonstrate that EVs released from differentiated motor neurons carry multimodal signals, miRNAs, and Wnts, which can stimulate AChR clustering in myotubes, a fundamental preparatory stage for NMJ formation. These new data highlight that EVs may play a role in the NMJ establishment and function under physiological and pathological conditions, particularly neurodegenerative diseases.
An Evaluation of CNN's Performance in Deep Learning for Pneumonia Diagnosis
Authors: Singh Prateek , Singh Sudhakar
Published: September 2024

In order to address a pressing global health concern, the study examines the effectiveness of different Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures in the automatic diagnosis of pneumonia from chest X-ray pictures. Pneumonia continues to be the primary cause of death for kids, especially in areas with little resources. This study thoroughly compares pre-trained CNN models performance, including VGG16, ResNet50, and EfficientNetB3, with a focus on how well they classify pneumonia cases. EfficientNetB3 achieved the highest accuracy of 92.08%, following ResNet50 with 84.05% accuracy, precision of 84%, recall of 85%, and F1-score of 84%. and at last, VGG16 with an accuracy of 81%, with a recall score of 82% and F1- score of 81% for Pneumonia. We also used a custom CNN model, which achieved an accuracy of 82%. Chest X-ray images from the RSNA Pneumonia Detection Challenge were used as a large dataset. To evaluate the model performance, the study uses strict evaluation measures such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F1 score. According to the results, there is a great deal of promise for CNN models to improve diagnosis accuracy and, consequently, clinical outcomes. This study's conclusions imply that incorporating cutting-edge deep learning methods into clinical practice may improve the efficiency of pneumonia identification, which in turn may improve the distribution of resources in healthcare settings.
Intensive care nurses’ knowledge of pressure injury prevention
Authors: Klaas Ntombifikile , Serebro Ricki-Lee
Published: September 2024

Background
Pressure injuries (PI) continue to be a major public health concern due to their high prevalence in critically ill patients admitted in the intensive care units (ICUs). The prevalence continues to increase despite the scientific and technological advancements in pressure injury prevention. Poor knowledge and lack of using evidence-based practice by nurses have a significant contribution to the higher prevalence of pressure injuries le ading to prolonged hospital stays and poor patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe the intensive care nurses’ knowledge of PI prevention.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional design was used collect the data from 101 nurses working in four ICUs of an academic hospital in Gauteng Province, South Africa. The revised version of the Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Assessment Tool (PUKAT 2.0) was used to collect data from a convenience sample of intensive care nurses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse data. Statistical tests included the Shapiro Wilk test, univariate and multivariate linear regression and Cronbach alpha coefficient tests. A p-value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.
Results
The mean knowledge of nurses (N = 101) was 42.16% (SD 12.09). This score indicates poor knowledge of pressure injury prevention. The lowest scores were found in prevention of pressure injuries” (25%) and “classification and observation” (39.5%), respectively. The higher level of education (14.00; 95% CI 2.90-25.11; p = 0.014), seniority (15.58; 95% CI 2.92–28.24; p = 0.016) position, and years of experience (6.38; 95% CI 9.70–5.45; p = 0.039), were statistically significant to predict appropriate prevention and management of pressure injuries.
Conclusion
The study findings revealed that intensive care nurses lack knowledge of prevention measures, classification, and observation of stages. This may indicate that they may not be able to use risk assessment tools effectively in clinical practice. Improving training and providing intensive care nurses with adequate information about evidence-based practices to prevent PI could strengthen their contribution to patient safety.
Dietary diversity and Its Association and Metabolic Syndrome: Rafsanjan Cohort Study
Authors: Soltani Lida , Heidari Shahin , Kahnooji Mahmood , Khalili Parvin , Ayoobi Fatemeh , Ghaseminasab-Parizi Maryam
Published: September 2024

The rapid increase in metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a major public health problem may be attributed to changes in population behavior patterns in modern society, including nutritional habits and physical activity. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the association between dietary diversity score (DDS) and metabolic syndrome in adults. In this cross-sectional study, 9,990 participants aged 35–70 years from the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS) were included. Demographic, medical, and habitual histories were collected. DDS was calculated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). All analyses were performed using Stata 14, with p-values < 0.05. In total, 9,990 subjects (46.6% men and 53.4% women) with a mean age of 35–70 years were included in this study. Based on the DDS, subjects were divided into four groups (quartiles). The multivariate-adjusted model showed that the risk of MetS increased by 18% in the third quartile and by 25% in the fourth quartile (OR: 1.18; 98% CI: 1.02–1.36 and OR: 1.25; 98% CI: 1.06–1.48, respectively). Additionally, an increased risk of high serum triglyceride levels was observed in the third quartile (OR: 1.19; 98% CI: 1.05–1.35). The results suggest that there is a relationship between DDS and metabolic syndrome, although this relationship changed after adjusting for confounders.
Shrub-Willow Living Snow Fences Impact on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Pools and their Lability
Authors: Ogdahl Eric , Zamora Diomy , Islam Khandakar
Published: September 2024

Shrub-willow (Salix spp.) living snow fences are an effective agroforestry practice for reducing blowing snow on roadways while providing ecosystem services such as soil carbon (SOC) sequestration and bioenergy feedstock production. Despite these benefits, research on SOC accumulation in willow systems is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different willow varieties on SOC and total nitrogen concentrations, stratification, and lability in marginal soil. A randomized complete block design with three willow varieties (Salix purpurea ‘Fish Creek,’ S. purpurea × S. miyabeana ‘Oneonta,’ and S. caprea × S. cinerea ‘S365’) and control plots was used. Post-planting weed management included herbicide and manual control. Two years post-planting, composite soils were collected from geo-referenced sites within each plot at 0- to 90-cm depths and analyzed for SOC, total N, microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), metabolic quotient (qR), active C, cold and hot-water carbon (CWC & HWC), particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (POC & PON). All willow varieties, especially Fish Creek and Oneonta, significantly increased SOC and total N contents. Willow treatments positively influenced labile SOC and total N pools, with notable increments in SMBC, POC, and PON. Stratification of SOC and total N decreased with depth, particularly up to 0–45 cm. Carbon and nitrogen management indices (CMI & NMI) varied significantly among willow treatments, highlighting their potential to enhance SOC sequestration and total N dynamics. This study provides insights into the positive impact of specific willow varieties on soil properties, emphasizing the importance of SOC sequestration in managing marginal soils.
“Experiences of professional nurses regarding shortage in the advent of Covid -19 in a hospital in the Northwest Province:
Authors: Chomela Lerato Joyce , Serapelwane Maserapelo Gladys , Lethale Sesepo Maria
Published: September 2024

Background: Covid-19 pandemic worsened the long-standing shortage of nurses worldwide and South Africa is not an exception. Professional nurses resigned in the advent of Covid-19 due to fear of contracting Covid-19, demonstrating that there was inadequate support of professional nurses in the times of the pandemic.
Aims: The study explored and described experiences of professional nurses regarding shortages in the advent of Covid-19. The support required by professional nurses in the advent of Covid-19 pandemic was also described.
Methods: This study used a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual approach. The population of the study were professional nurses employed at one hospital in the Northwest Province of South Africa during the Covid-19 pandemic. Purposive sampling was applied to select twelve professional nurses who participated in the study. Unstructured in-depth individual interviews were used to generate data and the analysis followed the thematic model. The study adhered to ethical principles of respect for persons, privacy, beneficence and justice.
Results: The study findings show that the participants reported experiences of physical exhaustion, emotional pain, and mental health challenges due to Covid-19. These experiences confirm the negative impact on the health care system, and the organizational support required by professional nurses in the face of shortages in the advent of Covid 19.
Conclusion: Covid-19 exacerbated the already existing shortage of staff. These shortages were compounded by nurses’ quarantine and self-isolation, in tandem with elderly nurses resigning for fear of Covid-19 infections.
Network classification reveals the variation of soil bacterial diversity among plant species
Authors: Ding Zijian , Li Tianze , Ren Baihui , Yang Jiyun , Bai Long , Li Jiahuan , Guo Lizhu
Published: September 2024

Soil bacterial diversity often shows different trends due to changes in dominant plant species. However, the potential key drivers of processes that reveal bacterial diversity per se have not been clearly elucidated. We established a field experiment with 9 native grassland species and assessed the relationship between soil bacterial diversity and ecological taxa classified by network construction. A co-occurrence network of 1065 points and 10023 edges, among 9 native grasses, was established to classify microbial ecological taxa. The results showed that the relative abundance of ecological taxa classified as peripherals, which is influenced by soil urease activity, inhibited bacterial diversity. Conversely, the relative abundance of specific taxa directly controlled by plants was positively related to bacterial diversity. Further, the composition of peripherals was not affected by soil physicochemical properties, while the composition of specific taxa was affected by NO3-, TP, AP, SU, TC and AK. The composition of peripherals and specific taxa have different responses to soil properties due to their sensitivity to environmental changes. Our findings reveal that plant-dominated bacterial diversity is closely linked to the abundance of peripheral and specific taxa. Understanding these mechanisms may provide a new insight in to the management of grassland soil microbes through the selection of grass species following disturbance and subsequent restoration.
Viability and characteristics of columnea latent viroid isolated from tomato seeds produced in Thailand
Authors: Tanaka Saori , Murase Ryota , Inoue Yoshimi , Masumoto Masumi , Matsuura Takayuki , Yanagisawa Hironobu
Published: September 2024

Columnea latent viroid (CLVd; the genus Pospiviroid) was detected in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds produced in Thailand in 2021 when performing the export inspection. Inoculated tomato plants presented with severe stunting and stem and leaf vein necrosis, similar to the highly virulent variant. This suggests CLVd viability on the seeds was maintained. BLAST analysis revealed that the complete genome shared the highest identity (98.9%) with the CLVd variant (accession no. JF446929) found in Thailand and is a new variant. This CLVd variant was classified into the same clade as several previously isolated CLVd variants in Thailand based on phylogeny.
Remote Didactic Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Education Addresses Theory-Practice Gap in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Druckman CCRN CPNP-AC MSN Samantha , Moss CPNP-AC Julianne P. , Chaves Alicia H. , Gaskin DCH MBBS Peter , Scala CRNP-AC MSN Melanie L. , Linehan RRT-NPS MS Deborah , Tumulty CRNP-AC Jamie , Pietris Nicholas , Nicolosi BCPPS PharmD Christian , Eichner CRNP Jessica R. , Streltsova-Verma NE-Bc CCRN RN DNP Svetlana , Ohaju FACS FACOS DO Vincent U. , Nwagboso MBBS Chimaobi , Oluchi B. Health Education RN BNSC Njoku Faustina , Holloway
Published: September 2024

In order to bridge the theory-practice gap in pediatric cardiac critical care amongst clinicians in a low-resource setting, multidimensional training is crucial. In this study, we implemented a dual-methodology approach to cardiac critical care education in a low-resource setting, integrating both proactive didactic education and a subsequent peer mentor model into one comprehensive education curriculum. We theorized that this process would significantly increase both knowledge attainment and acquisition of real-world competency. Ultimately, we found that ensuring acquisition of competence prior to working with a visiting team enhanced both theoretical and practical understanding, leading to well-rounded knowledge acquisition by members of the local team.
Parental Satisfaction and Parenting Style among Iranian Parents of Children and Adolescents with Conduct Disorder: A Cross-Sectional and Descriptive-Correlational Study
Authors: Mousavizadeh Seyedeh Narjes , Shafighi Amirhossein
Published: September 2024

Background
Conduct disorder (CD) is a psychiatric disorder related to childhood or adolescence that is manifested by antisocial behaviors and lack of compliance with social laws and norms. CD related limitations, along with its consequences on affected individuals, may be associated with the detrimental parent-child relationships in the form of unfavorable Parenting Style (PST) and Parental Satisfaction (PSA).
Objectives
This study aimed to assess CD severity in affected individuals and measure PST, IPST, and PSA levels in their parents, along with exploring correlations between these variables and CD severity, alongside other sociodemographic indicators.
Methods
The total number of 60 parents of children and adolescents with CD have participated in the present cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study according to the inclusion criteria and convenience sampling method. In order to evaluate the levels of PST, IPST and PSA among parents, along with their correlations with the severity of CD in their children and adolescents, the questionnaires of “Socio-Demographic Information Questionnaire (SDIQ)”, “Dibble and Cohen Parent Report (DCPR)”, “Kansas Parental Satisfaction Scale (KPSS)”, and “Rating Scale for Diagnosis of Conduct Disorder (RSDCD)” were utilized. Eventually, the SPSS version 26 was utilized to analyze the final data.
Results
Most of the participants had “normal” levels of PSA, PST and IPST (66.7%, 51.7% and 65.0% respectively). In addition, most of the children and adolescents demonstrated remarkable severity of CD (146.42 ± 17.14). Besides, the correlations between “severity of CD” with “PST”, “IPST” and “PSA” were significant and inverse (r= -0.44, p = 0.001, r= -0.42, p = 0.001 and r= -0.27, p = 0.03). Finally, the cross-correlation obtained between “demographic characteristics with PSA, PST, IPST and severity of CD” were different and varied. Bayesian analysis reveals strong mutual correlations and predictive power between PSA, PST, CD severity, and sociodemographic factors.
Conclusion
Conclusion: Participants showed normal levels of “PSA,” “PST,” and “IPST.” The severity of CD was considerable among children and adolescents, significantly inversely correlating with “PST,” “IPST,” and “PSA.” Cross-correlations with varying significance levels were found between participants' socio-demographic characteristics and “PSA,” “PST,” “IPST,” and CD severity.
Characteristics and regularities of sunspots and flares in GLE events
Authors: Zhang YunFeng , Firoz Kazi A.
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we have made an effort to study the characteristics and regularities of sunspots and flares associated with the 73 GLE events. The mean (∼ 55.37◦ ± 5.30◦ ) longitude of the GLE-associated-flares in the western hemisphere and the mean (∼ 6.71◦±2.25◦ ) latitude of the GLE-associated-flares in the region near the solar equator or northern hemisphere of the Sun suggested that most of the GLEs originated from the western hemisphere of the Sun. The optical flares associated with GLEs are of magnitude higher than or equal to class 1, while the soft X-ray flares associated with GLEs are of magnitude higher than or equal to class C, with the majority being X-class flares. The rates of increases in GLEs do not have a direct relationship with the maximum and average soft X-ray flux. The time difference between the GLE onsets and the corresponding flare peak times is mainly concentrated within 0-20 minutes. Thus, the study suggests that solar flares are possibly the sources of high energy particles in GLE events.
Balancing vacancy and carrier concentration in halide solid electrolytes for all-solid-state sodium batteries
Authors: Fan Lizhen , Wu Meng , Liu Xinyu , Liu Hong , Li Dabing , Qi Xiang , Gao Lei , Nan Ce-Wen
Published: September 2024

Designing halide solid electrolytes (SEs) with high ionic conductivity and good (electro)chemical stability is essential for the advancement of all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries (ASSIBs). Unfortunately, most sodium-based halide SEs experience limited ionic conductivities and ambiguous correlation between their structure features and ion transport properties. Here we report a novel strategy to significantly boost the conductivities of sodium halides by regulating vacancy and charge carrier concentrations through a facile NaCl-poor method. This approach achieves a balanced structure with optimal vacancy and carrier content, rendering several-fold conductivities enhancement of series sodium halides. Furthermore, a fluorination-induced amorphization protocol is employed to enhance (electro)chemical stability and interfacial compatibility without detrimentally influencing conductivities. When paired with an uncoated Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode and a Na3PS4-coated Na15Sn4 anode, the Na0.5ZrCl4F0.5 catholyte enables the battery to run for 300 cycles, retaining 94.4% of its initial discharge capacity at room temperature. This study provides a versatile pathway for creating inorganic ion conductors with high conductivity and long-term cyclability, advancing the development of ASSIBs.
How far does the salamander go? Estimating migration distances and quantifying range wide suitable habitat availability for an imperiled salamander
Authors: Stemle Leyna , Searcy Christopher , Laabs Dave
Published: September 2024

Many organisms with complex life cycles rely on both terrestrial and aquatic habitats to survive, which increases their susceptibility to habitat fragmentation as they require access to sufficient amounts of both habitats and connectivity between them. Amphibians are particularly susceptible to fragmentation and are declining globally. We conducted the first range-wide geospatial analysis for the federally endangered Santa Cruz Long-toed Salamander (SCLTS; Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum) to address the impacts of land use change and habitat fragmentation as barriers to recovery. First, we used data from an extensive drift fence array to determine migration distances of SCLTS. We then used these calculated distances to determine the amount of suitable and accessible habitat around all current breeding ponds as well as those being considered as potential release sites. Land use changes have reduced the amount of suitable upland habitat within migration distance of SCLTS breeding ponds by 34% across the range. Habitat fragmentation due to roads has further reduced uplands by another 12% and sea level rise projected by 2060 reduces it another 14%, leaving only 40% of potential terrestrial habitat suitable, accessible, and unflooded. Based on a population viability analysis (PVA) developed for the congeneric California tiger salamander, this would render only 24% of SCLTS breeding populations viable in the long term based on terrestrial habitat quality. This range-wide assessment provides guidance on which breeding populations should be targeted for land use restoration and experimental road crossing structures, and which potential breeding sites should be prioritized for release of captive-bred animals.
A Two-Stream Deep Learning Approach for Enhanced
Two-Person Human Interaction Recognition in Videos
Authors: Akash Hemel Sharker , Rahim Md Abdur , Miah Abu Saleh Musa , Lee Hyoun-Sup , Jang Si-Woong , Shin Jungpil
Published: September 2024

Human Interaction Recognition (HIR) between two people in videos is a critical field in computer vision and pattern recognition, aimed at identifying and understanding human interaction and actions for applications such as healthcare, surveillance, and human-computer interaction. Despite its significance, video-based HIR faces challenges in achieving satisfactory performance due to the complexity of human actions, variations in motion, different viewpoints, and environmental factors. In the study, we proposed a two-stream deep learning-based HIR system to address these challenges and improve the accuracy and reliability of HIR systems. In the process, two streams extract hierarchical features based on the skeleton and RGB information, respectively. In the first stream, we utilised YOLOv8-Pose for human pose extraction, then extracted features with three stacked LSM modules and enhanced them with a dense layer that is considered the final feature of the first stream. In the second stream, we utilized SAM on the input videos, and after filtering the Segment Anything Model (SAM) feature, we employed integrated LSTM and GRU to extract the long-range dependency feature and then enhanced them with a dense layer that was considered the final feature for the 2nd stream module. Here, SAM is utilized for segmented mesh generation, and ImageNet for feature extraction from images or meshes, focusing on extracting relevant features from sequential image data. Moreover, we newly created a custom filter function to enhance computational efficiency to eliminate irrelevant key points and mesh components from the dataset. We concatenated the two stream features and produced the final feature that fed into the classification module. The extensive experiment with the benchmark dataset of the proposed model has 96.07\% accuracy. The high-performance accuracy of the proposed model proved its superiority.
Die Transformation des Unbewussten
Authors: Leineweber Christian
Published: September 2024

Der Beitrag sucht eine Antwort auf die Frage nach dem Homo digitalis, indem er den Begriff des Selbstwissens unter den Bedingungen der Digitalität reflektiert. Adressiert wird damit der Sachverhalt, dass sich das Wissen einzelner Menschen über sich selbst durch das epistemische Potenzial von Codes, Algorithmen und Künstlicher Intelligenz transformiert. Es wird ein anthropologisch fundierter Theoriezusammenhang entwickelt, der sprachphilosophische, bildungstheoretische und psychoanalytische Perspektiven miteinander verschränkt. Darauf basierend kann die These dargelegt werden, dass das Digitale nicht bloss auf der Ebene des Bewussten, sondern ebenso auf der Ebene des Unbewussten in die subjektive Handlungs- und Erfahrungswelt eingreift. Der Beitrag endet mit der Suche nach einer medienpädagogischen Positionierung gegenüber dieser These.
Lernen in Interface-Beziehungen
Authors: Pesch Anne
Published: September 2024

Interfaces kommt in der digitalisierten Lebenswelt eine besondere Rolle zu: Sie verbinden Menschen mit der digitalen Sphäre, schaffen Möglichkeiten der Wahrnehmung und Zugänglichkeit. Damit verbunden sind zugleich Lenkungen und Beeinflussungen der menschlichen Weltbezüge, die sich in der Benutzung festigen. Im Artikel werden mithilfe der Postphänomenologie verschiedene Arten des Bezugs zwischen Mensch, Schnittstelle und Welt betrachtet und die Rolle der Vermittlung durch das Interface in den Blick genommen. Aus erziehungswissenschaftlicher Sicht stellt sich zum einen die Frage nach den immer auch leiblich fundierten Gewöhnungs- und Lernprozessen, die die Veränderungen der technologisch vermittelten Bezüge begleiten und ermöglichen, zum anderen die Frage nach Bildung und dem Grad von Freiheit von Menschen in der Interface-Relationalität.
Homo Postdigitalis
Authors: Engel Juliane , Schreiber Jakob
Published: September 2024

Der Beitrag reflektiert die Transformation politischer Subjektivierung in einer von Digitaltechnologien geprägten Welt. Dabei entwirft er in einem ersten Schritt eine erziehungswissenschaftlich anschlussfähige Konzeption politischer Subjektivierung, die diese als Prozess darstellt, in dessen Verlauf sich Subjekte der Gestaltung von und Teilhabe an pluralen diskursiven Ordnungen befähigen. Anschliessend wird auf die kultur- und gegenwartsdiagnostische Analysekategorie Postdigitalität rekurriert, mit der sich die Verschränkung digitaler und analoger Lebenswelten theoretisch adressieren lässt. Auf Grundlage dieser Reflexionshorizonte kann anhand von zwei zentralen Mechanismen digitaler Diskursarenen (Technologische Infrastruktur und Referenzielle Subjektivierung) gezeigt werden, wie sich Formen des politisch-Werdens und politisch-Seins in einer digital geprägten Kultur wandeln. So zeigt sich, dass die beschriebenen Mechanismen keineswegs auf die thematisierten Bild-Plattformen beschränkt bleiben, sondern auch analoge Lebenswelten massgeblich tangieren. Ausgehend von dieser Feststellung lassen sich abschliessend erziehungswissenschaftliche Anknüpfungspunkte einer Kultur der Digitalität diskutieren.
Hidden pages of Mikhail Lomonosov’s biography
Authors: Sapunov B. V. , Sapunov V. B.
Published: September 2024

This article сonnects the unknown and hidden pages of M.V. Lomonosov’s biography with the exceptional role that this great polymath played in the development of Russian national science and higher education. Mikhail Lomonosov was born in the northern part of the Russian Empire, which fact had a significant influence on his personality. There, in the absence of serfdom, the “pomors” (“near sea”) — a subethnic group of the Russian people — acquired a freedom-loving mentality. An assumption is made about the genetic and social connection of Lomonosov with the Shuvalov family, who were famous public figures. An analysis of Lomonosov’s scientific ideas is carried out in the historical context of the world’s science in the 18th century.
A CONSTITUIÇÃO HISTÓRICA DA LEGITIMAÇÃO DE UMA NORMA LINGUÍSTICA
Authors: Mendes Andréia Almeida
Published: September 2024

Este artigo pretende discutir e analisar a constituição histórica da legitimação da norma linguística. Para exemplificar essa análise da legitimação de uma norma linguística, analisaram-se as 10 primeiras regras de um capítulo do livro “Ortografia da língua portuguesa”, de João Franco Barreto (1671), observando quais foram os argumentos utilizados pelo autor para legitimar as formas por ele escolhidas; essa parte foi examinada por se julgar que nela haveria mais dados. Essa análise é interessante, pois, apesar de Barreto (1671) fazer críticas severas ao trabalho de Nunez, suas regras são contraditórias, utilizando o critério literário para justificar uma das regras e recorrendo até ao latim para justificar questões; isso vem comprovar a hipótese inicial de que não foram usados, pelos primeiros gramáticos, critérios rígidos e formais para legitimar a norma de sua época.
A synergic approach using the model and remote sensing data for flood monitoring in under-observed transboundary rivers
Authors: Lamichhane Suraj , Karki Nischal , Pandey Vishnu Prasad , Joshi Pradhumna , Dawadi Sarita
Published: September 2024

The southern plain of Nepal recognized as the ‘granary of Nepal’, confronts recurrent monsoon-induced flooding, posing a substantial threat to its pivotal role as a major agricultural contributor to the national economy. As an analysis, this study employs advanced satellite imagery to delineate historical floods in nine flood-prone transboundary basins and compares the rainfall-induced model-based inundation in the West Rapti Basin (WRB) to validate the result. The extent of flooding was mapped between 2015 and 2022 using Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar data processed on Google Earth Engine. Hydrodynamic modelling centred on the WRB, incorporated daily measured precipitation data with varying return periods over a 10 m resolution digital elevation model generated through an in situ survey. The model was calibrated for the August 2017 flood event with Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency greater than 70% and validation reasonably with satellite-derived flood maps with Cohen's Kappa value of 0.58 and an overall accuracy metric of 0.84. This synergic approach integrates climatology, remote sensing data, and hydraulics to monitor transboundary river floods in Nepal where precise hydro-meteorological data are limited, thus, offering continuous all-weather monitoring.
Utilization of waste hot air of medical oxygen plant in solar desalination unit employing jet impingement air heater for water production
Authors: Sachdev Taranjeet , Thakur Aditya
Published: September 2024

Many oxygen plants have been established specially during COVID-19 period and they are still serving for medical needs. The objective of the present work is to utilize solar and waste thermal energy of medical oxygen plants for water production. Humidification–dehumidification desalination (HDD) has been found suitable for this objective due to low temperature energy need during the process. The layout of an HDD unit has been presented to utilize waste heat, specially when solar energy is not much effective or absent. The system has been configured with a jet impingement solar air heater and a packed bed humidifier. A mathematical model has been developed and validated with the results of experiments. A comparative study of the proposed unit (HDD-O2) and a conventional unit has been performed in terms of yield and gained output ratio (GOR). The optimum flow rates of working fluids found in the range 0.03–0.04 kg/s and the temperature of air and water resulted in a continuous gain in yield. The average yield and GOR of the HDD-O2 unit were found to be 8.5 kg/d and 1.1 that could reach up to 11 kg/d and 1.4, respectively. The HDD-O2 unit provided yield at the cost of 0.04 $/kg with a payback period of 1.73 years. The findings of the present work indicated the suitability of the HDD-O2 plant for water production.
Research, Development and Pharmacological Activity of Sinomenine and Its Derivatives
Authors: Zong Tieqiang , Sun Jinfeng , Hu Zhengyu , Jin Long , Cui Lantian , Xue Yongkang , Zhou Wei , Li Gao
Published: September 2024

In this manuscript, the resource distribution, pharmacological activity, pharma-cokinetics of sinomenine and the structure, synthesis, biological activity and mechanism of sinomenine derivatives reported from 2000 to December 2023 were reviewed. The lit-erature was retrieved through Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, SciFiner Scholar and other websites. Sinomenine belongs to isoquinoline alkaloids and was extracted from the Chinese herb Sinomenium acutum root. In Asian countries such as China and Japan, it is commonly prescribed as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, sinomenine also has sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, neuroprotective, an-ti-drug dependence, anti-tumor and other biological activities. Sinomenine limited its ap-plication prospects because of its large dosage, poor epidermal permeability and short half-life. To overcome these defects, new sinomenine derivatives have been synthesized. Based on the comprehensive analysis of relevant literature at home and abroad, this paper reviews the recent progress in the study of sinomenine's pharmacological effects and structural modifications. Future research on sinomenine will focus on improving its thera-peutic effect, and developing new drug preparations and structural modifications. It is hoped that this review will help to better understand the research progress of sinomenine and provide constructive suggestions for further research of sinomenine.
From Nature to Drug: Overview and CADD Approach of Anacardic Acid to Propose their Biological Potential
Authors: Araújo Magna Maria  Lima , Andrade Maria Lorena de Oliveira , Oliveira Genil Dantas de , Nascimento Igor José dos Santos , Cibulski Samuel Paulo , Alves Harley da Silva
Published: September 2024

Anacardic acids are natural compounds found in various plant families, such as Anacardiaceae,
Geraniaceae, Ginkgoaceae, and Myristicaceae, among others. Several activities have
been reported regarding these compounds, including antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory,
and antiviral activities, showing the potential therapeutic applicability of these compounds.
From a chemical point of view, they are structurally made up of salicylic acids substituted
by an alkyl chain containing unsaturated bonds, which can vary in number and position, determining
their bioactivity and differentiating them from the various existing forms. Our work aimed to
explore the potential of anacardic acids, based on studies that address the bioactivity of these compounds,
as well as to establish a greater understanding of the structure-activity relationship of these
compounds through in silico methods, with a focus on the elucidation of a possible drug target
through the application of computer-aided drug design, CADD.
Structural Insight into Wild Type of Arginine Deiminase Protein and its Three Mutated Versions in Complex with Arginine Molecule: A Computational Approach
Authors: Abdollahi Sara , Eslami Mahboobeh , Morowvat Mohammad Hossein , Ghasemi Younes
Published: September 2024

Aims:

This study aims to analyze the wild type of arginine deiminase and three mutant
forms of it (G320L, A303R, and E304L) in complex with arginine molecule using Molecular Dynamics
(MD) simulation to find the best enzyme form with a lower level of energy and more stability.

Background:

Arginine Deiminase (ADI) is an arginine-degrading enzyme that has an anticancer
effect on some cancers, such as Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and melanoma.

Methods:

Homology models of native and mutant forms of ADI were generated and evaluated using
the I-TASSER and other databases and prediction algorithms. All prepared enzyme structures
via homology modeling were used as receptors in the molecular docking and MD simulation
steps.

Results:

MD simulation results demonstrated that the G302L structure has the lowest value of Rg
over MD simulation time, indicating its more appropriate intramolecular interactions than other
structures. G302L has also established the most desirable interactions with arginine molecules during
80 ns MD simulation so that the G302L/ arginine complex has the maximum intermolecular
hydrogen bonds. Arginine molecule in complex with G302L has the best position in the active site
of ADI protein.

Conclusion:

The G302L mutant ADI from Mycoplasma hominis can be a good candidate for better
stability in arginine deprivation therapy in arginine auxotrophic cancers.
Long-term Safety Monitoring and Efficacy Status of Infliximab and its Biosimilars in Psoriasis Management
Authors: Sharma Kiran , Ghai Roma , Rana Neha
Published: September 2024

Infliximab (INF), a murine human monoclonal antibody, is a substantially more successful
biologic than topical drugs for treating mild to severe psoriasis because it clears the skin
rapidly due to its fast onset of action. Loss of responsiveness over time and some adverse effects,
especially the experience of infusion reactions, are the major causes of non-compliance with INF
medication. Therefore, evaluation of the long-term reliability of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
medications is necessary for the assessment of the risks associated with long-term anti-TNF therapy.
For psoriasis, there are registered safety statistics; however, these individuals might not receive
the same level of care as those in a randomized study. Few assessments of the safety of anti-
TNF medications across indications, including their biosimilars, are present, but it’s still unknown
how anti-infliximab antibodies arise and produce harmful effects. INF biosimilars, when
subjected to human studies to reduce cost and improve access, provide therapeutic benefits with
associated adverse events, showing variations in incidence depending upon varying patient populations
and no new safety indications. During therapy, certain individuals develop antibodies
against INF, which are believed to be linked to a loss of response (LOR). Additional research
aimed at identifying individuals who are susceptible to treatment resistance is likely to assist
doctors in accurately selecting the appropriate candidates for anti-TNF-α therapy and enhancing
the long-term effectiveness of the treatment. From clinical studies, we expect to learn about how
to utilize INF or its biosimilars more effectively in the management of psoriasis. Therefore, the
paper focuses on the efficacy and safety monitoring of INF and developed biological therapies.
Investigating the Influence of Natural Compounds on the Healing Process of Wounds
Authors: Hormozi Maryam , Baharvand Parastoo
Published: September 2024

Advancements in modern medicine have not fully resolved the complexities associated with wound healing, particularly for chronic wounds, such as diabetic ulcers and burn injuries. Effective wound management necessitates not only the regeneration of damaged tissue but also minimizing scar formation. In this context, natural compounds derived from plants have emerged as promising candidates for enhancing wound healing. Ethnobotanical research has demonstrated that various herbal extracts possess properties that could significantly improve wound healing outcomes. This review explores the potential of these natural compounds, focusing on their mechanisms of action, efficacy in clinical and preclinical studies, and the challenges that still need to be addressed. By synthesizing findings from traditional medicinal practices and contemporary scientific research, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how natural compounds can contribute to more effective wound healing strategies.
In this review, widely used and studied plants are discussed, along with their ability to induce wound healing through all the phase and their mechanism of action.
Pectin from Agro-waste to Utility Product
Authors: Kothapalli Lata , Nikam Nisha , Thomas Asha , Bhikne Nandkishor , Kamdi Suraj
Published: September 2024

The study aims to discuss innovative extraction approaches as compared to available traditional
methods to optimize the yield and quality of pectin by eco-friendly techniques and emphasizes
purification and analytical techniques for quality toward sustainable development of pectinbased
products. Pectin is a complex polysaccharide present in plants, forming a protective barrier
and providing mechanical strength to the plant cell. Therefore pectin, a by-product of the food industry,
can be an efficient waste valorization product for utilization in the food and pharmaceutical industry
as a thickener, stabilizer, and gelling agent. Pectin complex chemistry provides a wide scope
for modification of monomers that can alter the properties of pectin and thereby add to the varied
applications of pectin enlisted in the review. The review synthesizes findings from meticulously
conducted research investigations and authorized scholarly articles. Information retrieval used reputable
academic search engines, including PubMed, Elsevier, and Bentham publications with keywords
such as “pectin” “chemical modification of pectin”, “drug delivery”, “green methods” and
“agro-industrial residues" for a comprehensive exploration. The comprehensive review delves into
pectin chemistry and extraction methods, modification, and characterization techniques are discussed
along with versatile applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and other industries. Pectin abundantly
present in the outer coat or peels of fruits and vegetables has been the best example of a circular
economy and has led to zero waste in agricultural industries. The review has elaborated modifications
in pectin for its use as an excipient in the pharmaceutical industry, therapeutic use, targeted
drug delivery, and food industries.
From Crisis to Catalyst: How COVID-19 Helped Humanity to Come Back Stronger Against the Pandemic
Authors: Gupta Shibaji , Aikat Aditi
Published: September 2024

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented human suffering but
has taught the human race several lessons on survival as well.

Aim:

In this narrative review, we discuss how humanity implemented the lessons it learned from the
pandemic to ultimately win over it.

Methods:

Literature with documented evidence-based findings was searched using ‘Litcovid’ and
Google Scholar databases using keywords such as ‘positive lessons,’ ‘learnings,’ ‘beneficial effects,’
and ‘COVID-19 pandemic’. Relevant peer-reviewed human studies published between 2020 and
June 2023 were included, along with pertinent reports from newspapers and global health bodies.

Conclusion:

The world experienced immense suffering during the COVID-19 pandemic. However,
while the pandemic has left indelible marks in terms of emptying the glass of life, somewhere, as
evident, it has also helped fill it up in a never-before manner.

Results:

The pandemic has spurred technological progress, heightened public health awareness, and
increased investment in public health infrastructure, surveillance, and research. International collaboration
to meet global needs has been strengthened. Public health and healthcare workers' roles were
redefined, emphasising health as an investment. This pandemic has presented new perspectives for
healthcare research. Greenhouse gas emissions have decreased, and green energy has been promoted.
Lockdowns have allowed nature to recover, giving wildlife the opportunity to repopulate. Improved
air and water quality, better work-life balance, and increased self-growth have led to paradoxical
improvements in lifestyle disorders. Interpersonal and intersectoral collaboration was valued more,
and food security, reduced crime rates, and increased self-reliance were observed.
The Violent ‘Trojan Horse’: a Comparative, Transnational Reading of Two Paralysis Narratives
Authors: Durán Giménez-Rico Isabel
Published: September 2024

This article proposes a comparative analysis of two ALS narratives: one written in 2017 by the Spanish businessman and author Francisco Luzón, El Viaje es la recompensa (The Trip is the Reward) and the other published in 1999 by American sociologist Albert B. Robillard, Meaning of a Disability: The Lived Experience of Paralysis. Both ‘autopathographies’ present detailed testimonies of the increasing emotional crisis, stigmatization, and feeling of helplessness of two powerful and eminent men left paralyzed in mid-life by a cruel illness. The European and the American outlook on this perverse malady, as experienced on two different continents, will enable us to explore issues related to wasted bodies, the daily struggle against a body and a mind bent on destroying themselves, the battle against fear and anger, the memories of an intense life and of a life journey worth travelling, even when narrated from ‘the kingdom of the ill.’