bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of Horticultural Kit for Children’s Horticulture Education
Authors: Kwack Hye Ran
Published: January 2022

Background and objective For effective horticultural education, it is required to develop kits for practice. In this study, we developed a horticultural kit for germination that introduces storytelling, characterization, and assembly, and investigated the educational effects of using it to study its educational differentiation and usefulness. Methods First, we developed a seed germination kit for learning. It consists of three components: the kit main frame for hydroponics, the activity sheet for storytelling, and the instruction manual. It is made into an acrylic assembly in consideration of the ease of delivery for contactless learning. Second, we developed two programs, each using a germination kit for horticultural education (experimental group) and a general germination kit program (control group). At this time, the class consists of pre-questionnaire, the 1st and 2nd classes, observation log writing (total six times for two weeks), the 3rd class, and post-questionnaire. The experimental group and control group were separately executed. Third, the application results were compared and analyzed before and after class. As a quantification questionnaire, the effects before and after class were compared through t-test with a questionnaire on program satisfaction and attitude change toward plants. The quantitative results were analyzed through observation activity sheets and effects before and after the class were analyzed through t-test with quantification and language coding. Results The effect of horticulture education using the developed kit was estimated by a quantification questionnaire. Both the program satisfaction and the change in attitude toward plants showed high in the experimental group, and this difference was statistically significant (p < .05). As a result of analyzing the observation paper with a qualitative questionnaire, various cognitive and affective expressions appeared in the experimental group as well as the contents of the observation paper. The number of syllables and various qualitative expressions appeared, and these differences were also statistically significant (p < .05). Conclusion Compared to general germination activities, it was found that the germination activities using storytelling-based horticultural kits would be effective for contactless classes in the post-COVID-19 era and in increasing the educational effect of horticultural activities.
Effects of a Forest Therapy Program on Reducing PTSD and Depression and Improving Mood States in Fire Officers
Authors: Park Choong-hee , Chun Juhyeon , Hahm Yumi , Kang Deok Ho , Park Bum-Jin
Published: January 2022

Background and objective This study was conducted to investigate the effects of forest therapy programs on reducing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and improving mood states in fire officers. Methods To determine PTSD, depression, and mood states before and after the forest therapy program, the survey results of 185 fire officers were analyzed. Frequency analysis was conducted to identify the demographic characteristics of the participants, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test to analyze the differences among group. Results As a result of a comparative analysis of PTSD before and after the program, there was a significant decrease in PTSD from 10.65 ± 12.00 to 5.64 ± 8.29 after the program. Depression also showed a statistically significant difference from 3.21 ± 4.00 to 2.21 ± 3.47 after the program. As a result of comparatively analyzing mood states before and after the program, there was an increase in positive factors and a decrease in negative factors. Total mood disturbance (TMD) also showed a statistically significant decrease from 5.78 ± 17.37 to –7.38 ± 10.35 after the program. Conclusion This study has significance in verifying that forest therapy programs can bring psychological changes to fire officers, and these results can be used as a basis for stress management and relief of fire officers.
Between Genoa and Milan: Giovanni Maria Visconti and His Hagiography of Anton Giulio Brignole Sale (1666)
Authors: Giovannucci Pierluigi
Published: January 2022

Giovanni Maria Visconti, member of a prominent family of the Milanese patriciate, had an important career in his order as a teacher and spiritual director, and a valuable role in the internal government of the Society, between Milan and Genoa. After the death of Anton Giulio Brignole Sale, he was charged by his superiors with the task of writing a hagiographic biography of this famous man of letters and politician (son of a Genoese duke) who, after a long cursus honorum in the public offices of his republic and during a period of political crisis of the Genoese state, decided to end his career to become a diocesan priest, and, some years later, a member of the Society of Jesus. The work was published in 1666, with the title Alcune memorie delle virtù del padre Anton Giulio Brignole (Some memoirs of the virtues of Father Anton Giulio Brignole). It is an interesting book especially because the author, while describing Brignole Sale’s life and heroic virtues, also explained his transformation from the role of Catholic statesman to the role of religious preacher.
A checklist of the genus Cyanus (Asteraceae, Cardueae) in Turkey, with notes on taxonomy and distribution
Authors: NEGARESH KAZEM
Published: January 2022

A taxonomic synopsis of the genus Cyanus in Turkey is presented. Cyanus hekimhanensis, C. cheiranthifolius var. purpurascens and C. reuterianus var. phrygius are proposed as new combinations. Some new synonymizations are proposed: Centaurea cana var. sultanensis with C. matthiolifolius, Centaurea pichleri var. ancyrensis with C. pichleri, Centaurea cana f. fulgens with C. triumfettii. Cyanus akcadaghensis is a synonym of C. matthiolifolius, Cyanus ermenekensis is a synonym of C. reuterianus, Cyanus banchevae is a synonym of C. thirkei. Lectotypes are designated here for ten accepted or synonymed names. The recognized taxa, the relevant synonyms, type details, lists of specimens examined, and a taxonomic key are provided for this genus in Turkey. In addition, the geographic distribution of all the taxa recognized in Turkey is presented and mapped.
The genus Megastylus Schiødte (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) in China with a key to the species of China and Oriental Region
Authors: ZHANG SHU-JIE , ZHOU QING , LI TAO , SHENG MAO-LING
Published: January 2022

Three new species of Megastylus Schiødte, 1838 (Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae), M. (Dicolus) mentouense Sheng & Li, sp. nov. collected from Mentougou, Beijing, M. (D.) flavicornis Sheng & Li, sp. nov. from Shennongjia National Natural Reserve, Hubei and M. (Megastylus) yindianense Sheng & Li, sp. nov. from Minquan, Henan, are described and illustrated. A taxonomic key to the species of Megastylus known from China and the Oriental Region is provided.
A new species of Leptoconops Skuse from Argentina, description of the male of L. casali Cavalieri & Chiossone and a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Authors: SPINELLI GUSTAVO R. , RONDEROS MARIA M. , DÍAZ FLORENTINA
Published: January 2022

A new species, Leptoconops (Proleptoconops) chacoensis, is described and photographed from a female collected in a forest area of the Chaco province, Argentina. This is the first record of the subgenus L. (Proleptoconops) Clastrier from the Neotropical region south of Mexico, and the new species is compared with L. (P.) werneri Wirth & Atchley from southern USA and Mexico and L. (P.) aviarum from Tajikistan. Besides, the first description of the male of L. (Leptoconops) casali Cavalieri & Chiossone is provided, from males collected associated with females in La Rioja and La Pampa provinces, Argentina, and this species is newly recorded from several areas of the country, significantly enlarging its geographical distribution. In addition, a key to Neotropical species of the genus is provided.
Study on Protein Nanomarker Combined with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor to Improve Vascularization of Rabbit Urethral Defect Tissue Engineering
Authors: Yang Min , Liu Guixi , Ying Qiao
Published: January 2022

To construct the tissue engineering urethral material that is closest to the normal urethral structure in the true sense in vitro. Abdominal ADSC from a 2-month-old New Zealand white rabbit was extracted and directly compounded with non-woven polyglycolic acid (PGA) (control
group) to induce the differentiation of myoblasts and epithelial-like cells in vitro and shaped into urethral structure lumen Observation group); After Gd chelating protein nano-labeling and VEGF-loaded sustained release, the rabbit model of a long urethral defect was replanted and
cultured for 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks, respectively. There was no difference in urinary tract patency rate, urinary tract infection, and renal dysfunction rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). The urine flow rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that
in the control group, and the residual volume decreased (P < 0.05). The blood vessel density and CD31 percentage in the observation group increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the conventional ADSC directly in contact with the composite material to construct the urethra,
in vitro induction of ADSC to myoblasts and epithelial-like cells respectively, and then use the cell membrane technology to build a tissue engineering urethral material that is closest to the normal urethral structure in the true sense, and loaded with VEGF Loop release technology
can significantly improve urodynamic functions, optimize tissue engineering urethral structure and vascularization, and is expected to become a new technology for constructing new tissue engineering urethral materials.
The Impacts of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs)-Derived Periostin on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Wu Chengyong , Wei Weifeng , Li Jing , Peng Shenglin
Published: January 2022

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely related to the migrating and invading behaviors of cells. Periostin is one of the essential components in the extracellular matrix and can induce EMT of cells and their sequential metastasis. But its underlying mechanism is unclear.
The Hela and BMSC cell lines were assigned into Periostin-mimic group, Periostin-Inhibitor group and Periostin-NC group followed by analysis of cell migration and invasion, expression of E-Cadherin, Vimentin, β-Catenin, Snail, MMP-2, MMP-9, PTEN, and p-PTEN. Cells in Periostin-mimic
group exhibited lowest migration, least number of invaded cells, as well as lowest levels of Vimentin, β-Catenin, Snail, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-PTEN, Akt, p-Akt, p-GSK-3β, p-PDK1 and p-cRcf, along with highest levels of E-cadherin and PTEN. Moreover, cells in Periostin-NC
group had intermediate levels of these above indicators, while, the Periostin-Inhibitor group exhibited the highest migration rate, the most number of invaded cells, and the highest levels of these proteins (P < 0.05). In conclusion, BMSCs-derived Periostin can influence the EMT
of cervical cancer cells possibly through restraining the activity of the PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway, indicating that Periostin might be a target of chemotherapy in clinics for the treatment of cervical cancer.
miR-129 Regulates Cell Viability in Alzheimer’s Disease Through Targeting Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP)
Authors: You Qunwei , Wang Wenjie , Tao Taotao , Wang Tianyu , Zhang Danhong , Wang Liaojun
Published: January 2022

This study intends to explore miR-129’s effect on cell viability of Alzheimer’s disease by regulating the target gene APP. The hippocampal neurons were assigned into model group (MO group); mimetic group (SI group); inhibitor group (IN group) followed by analysis of hippocampal
neuronal cell proliferation and activity, APP protein content, miR-129 expression and cell apoptosis by CCK-8 assay, Western blot method, MTT assay, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. miR-129 expression of hippocampal neurons in IN group was lowest. Compared with IN and MO groups, SI group had significantly
increased miR-129 level and reduced number of hippocampal neuron apoptosis (P < 0.05). Compared with IN group, MO group had significantly reduced cell apoptosis (P < 0.05). SI group had highest number of hippocampal neurons proliferation followed by IN group. SI group had
highest OD value followed by MO group and IN group. The cell activity of SI group was higher than that of IN group and MO group (both P < 0.05). Compared with SI group, rat neuron activity in MO group was significantly higher than IN group (P < 0.05). The APP protein expression
of hippocampal neuron cells in SI group was lowest followed by MO group and IN group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the low miR-129 expression can inhibit the activity of hippocampal neurons possibly through up-regulation of APP protein content.
Effect of miR-206 Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) on CD8 Expression in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Bai He , He Jian
Published: January 2022

The BMSCs are one of the components of tumor micro-environment and participate in tumor evolution. Our study aimed to discuss the effect of exosome derived from BMSC on gastric cancer cells. Tumor and para-tumor tissues were isolated to measure miR-206 level by RT-PCR. Gastric cancer
cell behaviors were analyzed using MTT assay and scratch test. Gastric cancer model was established and treated TIGIT inhibitor to assess its role in the tumor growth in vivo. The miR-206 in exosome from BMSCs in cancer tissue was detected. CD8 expression excreted by DC could be induced
after miR-206 treatment possibly through regulating the signaling pathway of TIGIT/PVR. Inhibition of TIGIT decreased tumor growth, development and reversed tumor phenotype. In conclusion, miR-206 derived from BMSCs induces CD8 expression in gastric cancer through regulating the signaling
pathway of TIGIT/PVR, indicating that it might be a novel target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Effect of Donepezil on Vascular Dementia in Rats via PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Zhang Jianmin , Zhu Qianwen , Wang Xingnan , Wang Jian
Published: January 2022

Background: Previous studies have shown that Donepezil has therapeutic effects on vascular dementia (VD). PI3K/AKT involves in oxidative stress injury and cell apoptosis. This study investigated whether Donepezil affects the neurological function and apoptosis of VD mice via
PI3K/AKT signaling. Methods: Mice were assigned into Sham group, VD group, VD+Donepezil groupfollowed by analysis of mice learning and memory ability by Water maze test, p-AKT expression by Western blot, Caspase-3 activity, MDA content, SOD activity and GSH-Px in hippocampus. HT22 cells
were cultured and separated into control group, I-R group and I-R+Donepezil group followed by measuring p-AKT level, ROS content and apoptosis. Results: Learning and memory abilities of VD group mice were significantly decreased, Caspase-3 activity and MDA in brain tissue were significantly
increased, along with decreased SOD activity, GSH-Px and p-AKT level. Donepezil treatment can significantly improve VD mice learning and memory ability, reduce Caspase-3 activity and MDA in brain tissue, increase SOD activity, GSH-Px and p-AKT level. In vitro, I-R treatment significantly
induced apoptosis of HT22 cells, increased ROS production and decreased p-AKT level. Donepezil treatment could up-regulate p-AKT in HT22 cells and reduce apoptosis and ROS production in HT22 cells. Conclusion: Donepezil improves the function of brain nerve in VD mice through regulating
PI3K/AKT pathway, thus reducing oxidative stress injury and apoptosis of brain nerve cells.
Effects of Implanting Torques on Implant Osseointegration in an Animal Model
Authors: Zhang Xuejian , Deng Yue , Wang Yan , Yin Chuanrong , Gao Junzhao
Published: January 2022

Objective: To investigate the effect of insertion torque on implant osseointegration in an animal model. Methods: First, the first to fourth premolars of nine healthy adult beagles’ mandibular were extracted to form an edentulous area, and then the beagles were equally
divided into three groups with different torques (low torque: 10–30 Ncm; medium torque: 30–50 Ncm; high torque: > 70 Ncm). Three implants were placed on each side of the edentulous area of the beagles (54 total), and the dogs were observed for 8 weeks. Implant performance and
removal torque values (RTV) were determined at 1, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery. In addition, the expression ratios of OPG and RANKL mRNAs in the surrounding bone tissue were determined. Results: None of the 54 implants showed loosening or loss, and no significant bone resorption was
observed. The removing torques and the expression ratios of OPG and RANKL mRNAs showed differences at 1 and 4 weeks after surgery, while they converged at 8 weeks after the surgery (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The osteointegration process lasted approximately 8 weeks depending
on the difference in parameters, and all parameters showed the same values even though the insertion torques at the beginning were different.
Teriparatide Promotes Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Proliferation and Differentiation via Down-Regulating miR-298
Authors: Gao Fei , Wu Xiaoming , Guo Zhao , Wang Jianzhong , Gao Wenshan , Ma Xiaoyong , Li Panxiang
Published: January 2022

This study explored whether teriparatide promotes BMSCs proliferation and differentiation via downregulating miR-298 and provided a basis for bone repair. Based on the microarray analysis after teriparatide treatment, qRT-PCR verified the differentially expressed miRNAs and the osteogenic
differentiation was assessed by transfection of miRNA overexpression plasmids and miRNA inhibitors. miRNA array analysis and qRT-PCR verification showed that miR-298 was significantly downregulated during teriparatide-induced BMSCs differentiation. miR-298 overexpression significantly inhibited
ALP and OPN expression which was promoted by transfection of miR-298 inhibitor. miR-298 is a negative regulator of BMSCs differentiation induced by teriparatide. Dlx5 is the target of miR-298. Inhibition of DLX5 expression by miR-298 was involved in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
In conclusion, miR-298 negatively regulates the differentiation of BMSCs induced by teriparatide by targeting DLX5, providing a possible therapeutic target for bone tissue repair and regeneration.
Human MutT Homolog 1 (MTH1) Inhibitor Reduces the Biological Activity of Ovarian Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Zhong Liyan , Yi Yi , Liu Qian , Peng Yan
Published: January 2022

This study intends to discuss the mechanism of MTH1 inhibitor (TH588) in the biological activity of ovarian carcinoma cells. A2780 and SKOV-3 cells were treated with different concentrations of TH588 and assigned into AT group (control), BT group (8 μmol/L TH588), CT group
(16 μmol/L), DT group (32 μmol/L), ET group (64 μmol/L) and FT group (128 μmol/L) followed by measuring level of Bcl-2 and Bax by Western blot and PCR, and cell biological activities by MTT, FCM and Transwell chamber assay. The cell proliferative rate
was not affected in AT group, but was lower in other groups in a reverse dose-dependent manner. There was significant difference on apoptotic rate and cell invasion among groups with increased apoptosis and reduce invasion after TH588 treatment. FT group showed lowest expression of Bcl-2 and
Bax compared to other groups. In conclusion, the biological activity of A2780/SKOV3 cells could be reduced by MTH1 inhibitor which was probably through regulation of Bax and Bcl-2 expression.
The Effect of Nano Albumin Combined with Paclitaxel on Drug Resistance of Breast Cancer Through Regulating ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 1 (ABCB1)
Authors: Liu Tao , Wen Xiang , Zhao Qi-Jun , Bai Ying , Tian Qing-Gang
Published: January 2022

The paclitaxel is a common-used chemotherapy drug and its combination with nano albumin reduces drug side effect. However, whether nab-paclitaxel affects drug resistance of breast cancer remains unclear. This study intends to discuss the mechanism of drug resistance induced by nab-paclitaxel.
The drug resistance of MCF-7/nab-paclitaxel in MCF-7 cell and cell proliferation was detected by MTT along with analysis of ABCB1 expression, cell cycle, and apoptosis. There was stronger drug resistance of nab-paclitaxel in the MCF-7/nab-paclitaxel cell group through be adopted with different
concentration of nab-paclitaxel at the 0th hour, 24th hour and 48th hour. There was remarkable abnormal expression of the ABCB1 in the MCF-7/nab-paclitaxel cell group. The si-ABCB1 could release the quantity of the MCF-7/nab-paclitaxel cell blocked at S period. And the si-ABCB1 could reduce
the expression of cyclin D1 and CDK2 in the MCF-7/nab-paclitaxel cell notably. But the expression level of p21 was increased when there was high concentration of si-ABCB1. The si-ABCB1 could increase the quantity of the MCF-7/nab-paclitaxel cell at the later period of cell apoptosis notably.
The rat’s tumor growth was delayed obviously at the MCF-7/nabpaclitaxel cell group treated by si-ABCB1. But the inhibiting effect of the MCF-7/nab-paclitaxel cell on tumor growth was less. There was stronger drug resistance of cell for the nano albumin combined with paclitaxel. The function
of cell proliferation in breast cancer was restrained by the nano albumin combined with paclitaxel mainly through inducing the expression of ABCB1, adjusting the growth of cell cycle and the expression of P21/BCL-2 protein.
Overlapping Boundary Layers in Coastal Oceans
Authors: Yan Chao , McWilliams James C. , Chamecki Marcelo
Published: January 2022

Boundary layer turbulence in coastal regions differs from that in deep ocean because of bottom interactions. In this paper, we focus on the merging of surface and bottom boundary layers in a finite-depth coastal ocean by numerically solving the wave-averaged equations using a large-eddy simulation method. The ocean fluid is driven by combined effects of wind stress, surface wave, and a steady current in the presence of stable vertical stratification. The resulting flow consists of two overlapping boundary layers, i.e., surface and bottom boundary layers, separated by an interior stratification. The overlapping boundary layers evolve through three phases, i.e., a rapid deepening, an oscillatory equilibrium and a prompt merger, separated by two transitions. Before the merger, internal waves are observed in the stratified layer, and they are excited mainly by Langmuir turbulence in the surface boundary layer. These waves induce a clear modulation on the bottom-generated turbulence, facilitating the interaction between the surface and bottom boundary layers. After the merger, the Langmuir circulations originally confined to the surface layer are found to grow in size and extend down to the sea bottom (even though the surface waves do not feel the bottom), reminiscent of the well-organized Langmuir supercells. These full-depth Langmuir circulations promote the vertical mixing and enhance the bottom shear, leading to a significant enhancement of turbulence levels in the vertical column.
Generations Later: The Same Furious Passage of the Black Graduate Student
Authors: Joseph Jalia
Published: January 2022

In this article, the author relies on a narrative based format to explore the interactions between everyday race-making processes and the white space of academia. Recognizing the unique ways systems of power interact with their experiences in the social world, they chronicle their engagements detailing the pervasive ways rules of white space are placed. The article recognizes three informal rules of white space in academia: the accepted reification of white sociological thought; the acceptance of white professional standards; and the continued centering of white comfort.
Features on Computed Tomography That Correlate With Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Cho Jae Hee , Akers M Jason , Siavoshi Mehrnaz , Gress Todd , Thompson Errington C.
Published: January 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relevant findings in adult patients admitted to Cabell Huntington Hospital who were diagnosed with acute appendicitis. Methods: Patients who had the postoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis and a preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan from January 2011 through December 2016 were included in this retrospective chart review. Results: There were 592 patients. A thick, edematous appendix was the most common CT finding in acute appendicitis. The average diameter was 12.6 mm. The wall thickness correlated to the diameter of the appendix ( P < 0.001). For comparison, we reviewed the CT scans of 50 trauma patients who had normal abdominal CT scans. The average diameter of a normal appendix was 4.9 mm (SD 1.139) with a range of 4-7 mm. Interestingly, the admission white blood cell count ( P = 0.0372) as well as the thickness of the appendix ( P < 0.0001) were strongly associated with increased length of stay. Conclusions: An appendiceal diameter greater than 9 mm should be considered abnormal and associated with acute appendicitis. Appendiceal size, white blood cell count, and age correlate with length of stay. Early antibiotics and early surgical intervention may decrease length of stay.
Small Intestinal Perforation Secondary to Necrotizing Enteritis—An Under-Recognized Complication of Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Huerta Carlos Theodore , Ribieras Antoine J. , Kodia Karishma , Yeh D. Dante , Kerman David , Byers Patricia
Published: January 2022

Small bowel perforation is an uncommon but severe event in the natural history of Crohn’s disease with fewer than 100 cases reported. We review Crohn’s disease cases with necrotizing enteritis and share a case of a 26-year-old female who presented with a recurrent episode of small intestinal perforation. A PubMed literature review of case reports and series was conducted using keywords and combinations of “Crohn’s disease,” “small intestine perforation,” “small bowel perforation,” “free perforation,” “regional enteritis,” and “necrotizing enteritis.” Data extracted included demographic data, pre- or postoperative steroid administration, medical or surgical management, and case fatality. Nineteen reports from 1935 to 2021 qualified for inclusion. There were 43 patients: 20 males and 23 females with a mean age of 36 ± 15 years old. 75 total perforations were described: 56 ileal (74.6%), 15 jejunal (20.0%), 2 cecal (2.7%), and 1 small intestine non-specified (2.7%). 38 of 43 patients were managed surgically by primary repair (11), ostomy creation (21), or an anastomosis (11). Of 11 case fatalities, medical management alone was associated with higher mortality (5/5; 100% mortality) compared to those treated surgically (6/38; 15.8% mortality; P < .001). Patient sex, disease history, acute abdomen, and pre- or postoperative steroid use did not significantly correlate with mortality. Jejunal perforation was significantly ( P = .028) associated with event mortality while ileal was not ( P = .45). Although uncommon, necrotizing enteritis should be considered in Crohn’s patients who present with small intestinal perforation. These cases often require urgent surgical intervention and may progress to fulminant sepsis and fatality if not adequately treated.
Global Value Chain Reconfiguration and COVID-19: Investigating the Case for More Resilient Redistributed Models of Production
Authors: Phillips Wendy , Roehrich Jens K. , Kapletia Dharm , Alexander Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic shocked the global economy, laying bare the coordination challenges and vulnerabilities of global value chains (GVCs) across sectors. Governments, consumers, and firms alike have called for greater GVC resilience to ensure critical products are delivered to the right place, at the right time, and in the right condition. This article investigates whether GVC reconfiguration through the adoption of redistributed manufacturing (RDM) in local production can deliver greater resilience against unexpected, disruptive global events. It proposes actionable steps for managers to ensure more resilient GVCs in the face of global shocks.
Past and present currents of sociology: 70 years of Current Sociology
Authors: Rocha Zarine L.
Published: January 2022

This review paper marks the 70th anniversary of Current Sociology, the first journal founded by the International Sociological Association (ISA). The past seven decades have been a time of immense change within sociology and around the world, and the shifts within the structure and content of the journal mirror these transformations. Current Sociology today is a vastly different publication to the bibliography focused journal of 1952, and remains one of the top global sociology journals, and a proudly international publication. This short overview traces the history of Current Sociology across the decades, highlighting the work of the editors in guiding the development of the journal, and providing a glimpse into the development of the discipline, and the social developments of the past 70 years.
Deconstructing bias: The decision-making process among child protective service workers in Chile
Authors: LaBrenz Catherine A , Reyes-Quilodran Claudia , Padilla-Medina Diana , Arevalo Contreras Miguel , Cabrera Piñones Luz
Published: January 2022

Worldwide, there has been a push toward reforming or abolishing child welfare systems because of systemic bias against families. Few studies have examined the role of bias in decision-making processes among child welfare practitioners, especially in child welfare systems in processes of change/reform. This qualitative study utilized discussion groups with child welfare teams to examine how professionals navigated the decision-making process in cases of child maltreatment. A grounded theory analysis revealed that professionals deconstruct macro, mezzo, and micro biases as they make decisions. Implications for global social work, such as self-reflection and structural changes, and for future research are explored.
Posttraumatic Growth in Women With a Long-Standing Experience of Involuntary Childlessness in the Czech Republic
Authors: Ďurašková Gabriela , Peterson Brennan
Published: January 2022

This qualitative research study aimed to examine aspects of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in women with a long-standing experience of involuntary childlessness. In-depth semi-structured interviews, lasting an average of 53 min, were conducted in the Czech Republic. Twenty-four women, averaging 38.8 years old with an average of 6.2 years of infertility experience, participated. They were asked how involuntary childlessness affected/changed their partnerships, sexual life, job, future plans, attitude to children/values/faith, and leisure time. Participants shared both positive and negative aspects of the infertility experience. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Five main themes of PTG were identified: strengthening of partnership, greater humility, deeper self-appreciation, reassessment of relationships, and changes in the philosophy of life. These findings could be useful to mental health providers to facilitate the PTG process in patients.
How Does the Adoption of Ad Blockers Affect News Consumption?
Authors: Yan Shunyao , Miller Klaus M. , Skiera Bernd
Published: January 2022

Ad blockers allow users to browse websites without viewing ads. Online news publishers that rely on advertising income tend to perceive users’ adoption of ad blockers purely as a threat to revenue. Yet, this perception ignores the possibility that avoiding ads—which users presumably dislike—may affect users’ online news consumption behavior in positive ways. Using 3.1 million visits from 79,856 registered users on a news website, this research finds that ad blocker adoption has robust positive effects on the quantity and variety of articles users consume. Specifically, ad blocker adoption increases the number of articles that users read by 21.0%–43.2%, and it increases the number of content categories that users consume by 13.4%–29.1%. These effects are stronger for less-experienced users of the website. The increase in news consumption stems from increases in repeat visits to the news website, rather than in the number of page impressions per visit. These postadoption visits tend to start from direct navigation to the news website, rather than from referral sources. The authors discuss how news publishers could benefit from these findings, including exploring revenue models that consider users’ desire to avoid ads.
The use of ball pits and playpens in laboratory Lister Hooded male rats induces ultrasonic vocalisations indicating a more positive affective state and can reduce the welfare impacts of aversive procedures
Authors: Hinchcliffe Justyna K , Jackson Megan G , Robinson Emma SJ
Published: January 2022

The advancement and quality of science rely on research that is robust and unbiased in its experimental design, execution, analysis, and reproducibility. In preclinical research, a better understanding of animal emotions and refinement of their husbandry, housing, and handling are important goals in providing good animal welfare in a laboratory setting which underpins rigorous research quality. Induction of positive emotional state in animals is a key component of their well-being, and one approach is to increase their environmental complexity using, for example, ball pits or playpens in rats. In this study, we recorded 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalisations (USVs) during animals’ exposure to the ball pit and playpen. We have previously shown that 50 kHz USVs provide a graded and quantifiable measure of an animal’s emotional state, and here find that access to the ball pit and playpen increases 50 kHz USVs, indicative of a more positive affective state. Using our affective bias test (ABT) we next quantified the animals’ emotional response to an aversive intervention and whether this could be attenuated by access to a playpen. The playpen exposure completely mitigated the negative affective state induced by an anxiogenic drug when compared with animals who experienced the drug in the home cage. Together, these findings suggest ball pits and playpens provide a simple and effective method to improve the welfare of laboratory rats and reduce the cumulative suffering they experience from their housing conditions and minor, aversive procedures.
Implementation of a COVID-19 Screening Testing Program in a Rural, Tribal Nation: Experience of the San Carlos Apache Tribe, January–February 2021
Authors: Chidavaenzi Natsai Zhou , Agathis Nickolas , Lees Yvonne , Stevens Heidi , Clark James , Reede David , Kunkel Amber , Balajee S. Arunmozhi
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected tribal populations, including the San Carlos Apache Tribe. Universal screening testing in a community using rapid antigen tests could allow for near–real-time identification of COVID-19 cases and result in reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Published experiences of such testing strategies in tribal communities are lacking. Accordingly, tribal partners, with support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, implemented a serial testing program using the Abbott BinaxNOW rapid antigen test in 2 tribal casinos and 1 detention center on the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation for a 4-week pilot period from January to February 2021. Staff members at each setting, and incarcerated adults at the detention center, were tested every 3 or 4 days with BinaxNOW. During the 4-week period, 3834 tests were performed among 716 participants at the sites. Lessons learned from implementing this program included demonstrating (1) the plausibility of screening testing programs in casino and prison settings, (2) the utility of training non–laboratory personnel in rapid testing protocols that allow task shifting and reduce the workload on public health employees and laboratory staff, (3) the importance of building and strengthening partnerships with representatives from the community and public and private sectors, and (4) the need to implement systems that ensure confidentiality of test results and promote compliance among participants. Our experience and the lessons learned demonstrate that a serial rapid antigen testing strategy may be useful in work settings during the COVID-19 pandemic as schools and businesses are open for service.
Collaboration and Learning Processes in Value Co-Creation: A Destination Perspective
Authors: Melis Giuseppe , McCabe Scott , Atzeni Marcello , Del Chiappa Giacomo
Published: January 2022

Value co-creation has emerged as an important competitive strategy leading to value innovation. In tourist destinations co-creation results from the participation of multiple actors synchronously and contextually in value realization. Yet value co-creation remains highly theoretical and lacks empirical operationalization, especially in destination contexts. Are tourism destinations able and sufficiently mobilized to exploit the potential offered by co-creation theory? This paper operationalizes two fundamental dimensions of the value co-creation process, collaboration and learning, by developing and testing a measurement scale to evaluate the perceived impact of these dimensions on the market performance of actors at a tourist destination. Contributions to the literature on value co-creation and learning as well as managerial implications are discussed and suggestions for further research are made.
Online Learning: Challenges and Solutions for Learners and Teachers
Authors: Das Utpala
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic led to an expansion and increase in the demand for online teaching and learning across the globe. Online teaching and learning is attracting a large number of students for enhanced learning experiences. However, there are many challenges and hindrances that pose a problem in the smooth learning. The impediments in the learning process are suppressing the advantages that may aid the learners with augmented learning sessions. The article presents some challenges faced by teachers and learners, supplemented with the recommendations to remove them.

JEL Code: A20
Endovascular therapy for distal hilar renal artery aneurysm: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ye Pin , Wu Hongxiao , Chen Yunfei , Li Yiqing , Cai Chuanqi , Lv Ping
Published: January 2022

Renal artery aneurysm (RAA), a type of visceral aneurysm with atypical symptoms, is difficult to detect and is usually discovered incidentally by imaging examination. Hilar RAA (HRAA) represents a relatively rare subgroup of RAA that is located in the distal part of the renal artery, close to the renal parenchyma. We reported a 55-year-old woman with an HRAA measuring 19 mm × 20 mm × 20 mm. She underwent endovascular therapy with bare-metal stent implantation with nested coil embolization. She was discharged without complications. The uniqueness of this case is the aneurysm location, which was at the distal right renal artery, making it difficult to preserve the blood supply to the right kidney. The novelty of the minimally invasive technique was that this endovascular treatment not only eliminated the aneurysm, but also preserved the blood supply to the ipsilateral kidney. Endovascular therapy is effective in the management of HRAA.
Severe pulmonary co-infection with varicella-zoster virus, Pneumocystis jirovecii and Cytomegalovirus: a case report
Authors: Qi Zhijiang , Sun Yanting , Li Jun , Wang Yingjie , Lu Haining , Wang Xiaofei , Li Zhi
Published: January 2022

Pneumocystis jirovecii, Cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus are all opportunistically infective pathogens, but pulmonary co-infection with these pathogens is rare. Herein, this case report describes a patient with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia treated with methylprednisolone and cyclosporine that presented with rapidly progressive severe respiratory failure. Analysis of microbial nucleic acid sequences in both blood and sputum using next-generation sequencing revealed pulmonary co-infection with Pneumocystis jirovecii, varicella-zoster virus, and possibly Cytomegalovirus. After timely targeted and supportive treatments, the patient recovered. This case report highlights the imaging features of co-infection with these pathogens, the importance of next-generation sequencing for early diagnosis in immunosuppressed patients, and the effects of corticosteroid therapy.
Assessment of Socioeconomic Impact Diversification from Transport Infrastructure Projects: The Case of a New Regional Airport
Authors: Dimitriou Dimitrios , Sartzetaki Maria
Published: January 2022

In most cases, the decision to invest in a new airport is not simple, mainly because of the complications in the planning process, the amount of capital that needs to be invested before the establishment of the business, and the number of stakeholders involved in the decision. The decision process is more complicated in restricted economic and financing conditions, where the performance of the business plan is strongly related to regional development prospects and future airport business outputs in the medium and long term. This paper provides an evaluation methodology approach to support decisions on airport development projects. The proposed methodology provides an evaluation framework based on a combination of an ex ante assessment analysis, considering the airport’s economic impact and its contribution to a specific regional economy. The Input–Output (IO) analysis framework is used to determine the economic footprint of the airport development. A series of key performance indicators (KPIs) are introduced to review the project performance in a given economic system. The case study is examined, focussing on a new airport at Heraklion in Crete (in the Kasteli valley), one of the most attractive tourist destinations in the southeast Mediterranean. Conventional wisdom is to present a systematic approach appropriate to relevant projects, providing essential tools that support decisions at the level of strategic planning. The approach is essential to provide key messages to national governments, decision makers, and stakeholders on the contribution of an airport investment to regional economic development and its contribution to the business ecosystem in the post-COVID-19 era.
Upheaval and reinvention in celebrity interviews: Emotional reflexivity and the therapeutic self in late modernity
Authors: Sawyer Anne-Maree , James Sara
Published: January 2022

The disruptions of life in late modernity render self-identity fragile. Consequently, individuals must reflexively manage their emotions and periodically reinvent themselves to maintain a coherent narrative of the self. The rise of psychology as a discursive regime across the 20th century, and its intersections with a plethora of wellness industries, has furnished a new language of selfhood and greater public attention to emotions and personal narratives of suffering. Celebrities, who engage in public identity work to ensure their continued relatability, increasingly provide models for navigating emotional trials. In this article we explore representations of selfhood and identity work in celebrity interviews. We focus on media veterans Nigella Lawson and Ruby Wax, both of whom are skilled in re-storying the self after personal crises. We argue that interpretive capital as a peculiarly late modern resource confers emotional advantages and life chances on individuals as they navigate upheavals, uncertainties, and intimate dilemmas.
Pandemic fiction as therapeutic play: The New York Times Magazine’s The Decameron Project (2020)
Authors: Downes Stephanie , Römhild Juliane
Published: January 2022

This article explores the therapeutic potential of narrative fiction during a global health crisis. We focus on The Decameron Project (2020), a collection of short fiction by writers from around the world, commissioned by the New York Times Magazine. The Decameron Project references the narrative framework established by Giovanni Boccaccio in the mid-14th century, when the Black Death devastated Europe. Drawing on aspects of psychoanalytic theory and principles of bibliotherapy employed since the Middle Ages, we argue that The Decameron Project offers strategies to simultaneously confront and contain the anxious mind. Storytelling, according to both Boccaccio and to the editors of The Decameron Project, is not merely a source of distraction but a means of survival.
Industrial Pollution, Social Trust, and Civic Engagement: A Nationwide Study of the Socioenvironmental Nature of Social Capital
Authors: Brown Phylicia Xin Yi Lee
Published: January 2022

I conduct a nationwide investigation of the relationship that toxic industrial pollution and the facilities that produce it have with trust and civic engagement within communities. Data on pollution exposure come from the Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators Geographic Microdata (RSEI-GM) and Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data sets for the years 1995 to 1999. Data on trust and civic engagement come from the 2000 restricted-access Social Capital Community Benchmark Survey (SCCBS). Statistical analyses provide strong support for Freudenburg and Jones’ conceptualization of corrosive communities and indicate that exposures to more toxic air pollution associate negatively with various measures of trust, and that increased numbers of TRI facilities associate negatively with various measures of civic engagement. The implication is that exposure to toxic industrial air pollution and the facilities that produce it not only adversely affect the physical health of nearby communities, but also their social well-being and underlying capacities for collective action.
Is the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights in an Existential Crisis?
Authors: Faix Martin , Jamali Ayyoub
Published: January 2022

Employing a sociological perspective on the law, this study explores instances of resistance against the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the African Union’s continental human rights judicial body. This approach allows us to examine different forms of resistance that might not necessarily be of a legal character, but which may still have profound implications for the Court’s authority, legitimacy, and operation. Accordingly, the article identifies two forms of resistance against the African Court: ‘pushback’ and ‘backlash’. The former refers to an ordinary form of critique directed against the overall development of an international court, while the latter is understood as an extraordinary form of critique that puts the fundamental authority of a court at stake. While pushback was mainly seen in the early stages of the Court’s establishment, backlash started to emerge following its ground-breaking judgments that caused heated debates on controversial topics. This article concludes that based on the identified and analysed forms of resistance, it is doubtful that the African Court can maintain and fulfil the purpose for which it was established: the protection and promotion of human rights in Africa.
Hydrothermal analysis on non-Newtonian nanofluid flow of blood through porous vessels
Authors: Hosseinzadeh S. , Hosseinzadeh Kh. , Hasibi A. , Ganji D.D.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the flow of non-Newtonian blood fluid with nanoparticles inside a vessel with a porous wall in presence of a magnetic field have been investigated. This study aimed to investigate various parameters such as magnetic field and porosity on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. In this research, three different models (Vogel, Reynolds and Constant) for viscosity have been used as an innovation. The governing equations are solved by Akbari-Ganji's Method (AGM) analytical method and the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to better represent the phenomena in the vessel. The results show that increasing the Gr number, porosity and negative pressure increase the blood velocity and increasing the magnetic field intensity decrease the blood velocity.