bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precooling and cold storage effects on antioxidant system in calla lily postharvest
Authors: Mattos Drucylla Guerra , Paiva Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira , Silva Diogo Pedrosa Corrêa da , Reis Michele Valquíria dos , Cunha Neto Antônio Rodrigues da , Paiva Renato
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Low-temperature storage is one of the most effective techniques to maintain the quality and durability of cut flowers. Both quality maintenance and durability are dependent on plant metabolism factors such as antioxidant system. The objective was to evaluate the effect of low-temperature on precooling and storage after harvest, on the metabolism of calla lily [Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) K. Spreng] concerning the antioxidant system, levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Therefore, different storage temperatures (4 ºC and 21 ºC) were tested as well as the effect of precooling in different periods (0 to 24 hours). It was observed that the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was increased at 4 °C, as well as inflorescence durability in the commercial standard (around 12 days). At 21 °C, the content of H2O2 and MDA was higher and the visual quality reduction in the inflorescence was accelerated. Low-temperature leads to a higher activity of the enzymes of the antioxidant system (CAT and SOD) and increases postharvest longevity for calla lily. Precooling did not influence the visual quality and longevity of calla lily. Long-term exposure periods at low temperatures, with 12 and 24 hours of precooling caused stress, evidenced higher MDA levels and higher CAT activity. SOD activity was related to low temperature and shorter precooling periods resulted in better antioxidant system activity and lower MDA levels.
Diet of Moenkhausia bonita (Benine, Castro & Sabino 2004) (Characiformes: Characidae) in streams in the basin of rio Formoso, Brazilian Midwest
Authors: Caldatto Amanda Menegante , Dias Rosa Maria , Ferreira Anderson
Published: May 2023

Abstract To characterize the diet composition of Moenkhausia bonita and its temporal and ontogenetic variations in streams in the Formoso River basin (MS). The collections were carried out in seven sampling points in two periods throughout the year (dry and rainy). The food items were analyzed according to the volumetric and occurrence frequency methods and the diet was characterized through the Food Index (IAi%). To determine ontogeny, the specimens were divided into five size classes in the dry (D1 to D5) and rainy (R1 to R5) periods. To verify the difference between the species’ diet between the size classes and the periods of the year, the Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance – PERMANOVA analysis was performed. Moenkhausia bonita was classified as an invertivore when it consumed basically both aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates (99.5% of the diet), with higher consumption of aquatic invertebrates. There was a significant difference in the diet of between the dry and rainy periods, and although the species basically consumed the same items in the two studied periods, the proportions were different and there was no difference in the diet between size classes. M. bonita diet is based on autochthonous resources regardless of the size class, but that there were different consumption patterns when comparing the different periods of the year. The present study provided the first information on the feeding of M. bonita in a lotic environment and diet spectrum in the developmental phases, (ontogeny) and periods of the year, enabling a better understanding of the species, the importance of invertebrates in its diet, and the need for future studies on the biology, autoecology, and behavior of this species.
A decade of Zoology Summer Course: impressions and impacts of the first university extension course on Zoology in Brazil
Authors: Soares Karla D.A. , Brandão Ivison , Pereira João , Gomyde Eduardo , Pessoa-Silva Marília , Ribeiro Giulia , Zanini Flávia , Grossel Laís A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract Although the diversity of animal groups distributed in Brazil provides countless research opportunities, the current scenario does not follow this demand. The reasons for the disconnections range from inequality in the availability of resources for teaching and research to the focus of researchers on specific groups of animals, while others remain neglected. Training new potential Brazilian researchers interested in Zoology is essential for a greater understanding of this diversity, as well as exposing those potential new researchers to new groups and different work possibilities. Thus, the Summer Course in Zoology (in Portuguese, CVZoo) promoted by the Graduate Program in Zoology at the University of São Paulo, over the last ten years, has been seeking to contribute to this training of new researchers in the field of Zoology, as well as in updating teachers through university extension activities. In order to assess the impacts caused by CVZoo on the academic and professional training of the participants, Google forms were sent to participants in the ten editions of the course, as well as compiled information available on the Lattes Platform. Qualitative and quantitative analyses showed the profile of graduates, their expectations, and perceptions about the course. Based on these data, we demonstrate the CVZoo’s efficiency in popularizing Zoology throughout the country in contributing to the decentralization of knowledge as well as in meeting the urgent concerns of making access to knowledge more egalitarian and socially fair.
Tropical Trump, or a very Brazilian tale? Social class resentment as a moderating factor between anti-PT sentiment and the vote for Jair Bolsonaro in 2018
Authors: Valente Riccardo , Borba Julian
Published: May 2023

Prior analyses of authoritarian populism have linked it to hypotheses referring to cultural backlash and negative partisanship, suggesting that conservative values and hatred of opposing parties fuel the desire for strong leadership. This article adds to the previous literature by testing the influence of social class resentment on Bolsonaro coming to power in Brazil. Based on the AmericasBarometer 2018/19 survey, the analysis highlights the central role of the rejection of the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party) in explaining the propensity to vote for the far-right candidate, and to a lesser extent, the influence of authoritarian values in this case study. Our findings lend some support to the hypothesis of social class resentment as well. Social class resentment was found to significantly moderate the relationship between anti-PT sentiment and voting behavior, which sheds light on Bolsonaro’s ability to capture resentful voters who were disposed to subordinate social redistribution to the defense of previously acquired privileges.
Polarização política dinâmica: evidências do Brasil ,
Authors: Bello André
Published: May 2023

Este artigo analisa a natureza da polarização política no Brasil com a aplicação de múltiplas técnicas para aumentar a robustez dos resultados. Um índice de polarização política para o período entre 1989 e 2019 foi construído com base em técnicas estatísticas para análises de dados em nível macro e usando perguntas sobre o sentimento partidário positivo e negativo em relação ao Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT). Os resultados mostram que existe uma polarização política afetiva e dinâmica, estruturada por períodos de mais convergência e de mais divergência. Os sentimentos de petismo e antipetismo produzem polarização política, de maneira que o antagonismo entre os dois grupos é crescente ao longo do tempo. Este artigo inaugura um debate sobre a polarização política dinâmica na América Latina dentro da perspectiva da macropolítica.
La circulation des livres jeunesse à l’internationale : une étude de cas à partir des traductions en France et en Espagne
Authors: Arribas Delia Guijarro
Published: May 2023

Résumé Hoje, a publicação de literatura infantojuvenil constitui um dos setores econômicos mais rentáveis no mercado editorial mundial, e esse sucesso vem sobretudo de suas traduções. Este artigo visa examinar a estrutura, as dinâmicas e a distribuição do capital simbólico específicos do mercado mundial de traduções de livros infantojuvenis. Após uma análise comparada dos fluxos de tradução entre dois países, França e Espanha, questionaremos as estratégias dos autores e dos editores na base dessas circulações, chamando atenção particularmente para o papel das categorias editoriais. Em seguida, veremos como a crescente importância dos livros infantojuvenis no sistema mundial de traduções causa reconfigurações nas áreas de atuação dos agentes literários.1
The relationship between the level of debt specialization and financial constraint of Brazilian firms over the time
Authors: Granzotto Alberto , Sonza Igor Bernardi , Nakamura Wilson Toshiro , Mendes Johnny Silva
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT This article sought to analyze the historical evolution, the composition, and the determinants of debt specialization of Brazilian firms traded on Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3) from 2004 to 2019 in aggregate terms and in accordance with their financial constraints. This paper differs from the few studies on this topic carried out in Brazil and in other countries by promoting a discussion on the specialization of the debt structure in a context of financial constraints, as they are a relevant idiosyncrasy of emerging markets, such as in Brazil. The relevance of the study is to identify that debt specialization is a feature of only of financially constrained firms and not of the financially unconstrained ones. The impact of the study lies in a better understanding of why Brazilian firms are reducing their debt specialization, unlike other international evidences, such as the U.S. Descriptive statistics and regressions were estimated using the probit and tobit methods for 246 Brazilian firms between 2004 and 2019. The main result is that financial constrained firms are more likely to specialize their debt structure. Despite this propensity, these companies were the ones that most decreased their debt specialization between 2004 and 2019 (-27.77%), compared to the general sample (-27.5%) and unconstrained firms (-19.48%), revealing a behavior contrary to the U.S. scenario in which companies are increasingly specialists.
Pejotização and implications for nursing work in Brazil: repercussions of neoliberalism
Authors: Farias Sheila Nascimento Pereira de , Souza Norma Valéria Dantas de Oliveira , Varella Thereza Christina Mó y Mó Loureiro , Andrade Karla Biancha Silva de , Soares Samira Silva Santos , Carvalho Eloá Carneiro
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze pejotização in the context of nursing work and the respective implications for the protection and health of these professionals. Method: Documentary study, which had news, resolutions, and recommendations issued by the Federal Nursing Council and the Regional Nursing Councils as data collection source, which underwent lexical analysis, based on data processing using the software Iramuteq. Results: Six news items were captured for analysis. The similitude analysis was built with 40 active forms and six discussion centers were generated, with the most expressive lexicons in each of these being outsourcing, economic, pejotização, deputy, Federal Nursing Council, Bill of Law. Conclusion: In the quest to increase capital based on neoliberal ideas, strategies are produced that put the workers’ and users’ health and safety at risk. Pejotização leads to loss of labor rights, as it deprives the worker of consolidated labor achievements, such as the 13th salary, paid vacations, sick leave and, above all, insecurities are generated in relation to the future, with few guarantees, causing negative impacts on these workers’ health.
Pejotização e as implicações para o trabalho de enfermagem no Brasil: repercussões do neoliberalismo
Authors: Farias Sheila Nascimento Pereira de , Souza Norma Valéria Dantas de Oliveira , Varella Thereza Christina Mó y Mó Loureiro , Andrade Karla Biancha Silva de , Soares Samira Silva Santos , Carvalho Eloá Carneiro
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a pejotização no contexto do trabalho de enfermagem e as respectivas implicações para proteção e saúde desses profissionais. Método: estudo documental, que teve como fonte de coleta de dados notícias, resoluções e recomendações veiculadas pelo Conselho Federal de Enfermagem e pelos Conselhos Regionais de Enfermagem e submetidas à análise lexical, a partir do processamento dos dados pelo software Iramuteq. Resultados: Captaram-se seis notícias para análise. A análise de similitude foi construída com 40 formas ativas e geraram-se seis núcleos de discussão, sendo os léxicos mais expressivos em cada um destes: terceirização, econômico, pejotização, deputado, Conselho Federal de Enfermagem, Projeto de Lei. Conclusão: Na busca por incremento do capital no ideário neoliberal, produzem-se estratégias que colocam em risco a saúde e a segurança de trabalhadores e usuários. Existe perda de direitos trabalhistas, por meio da pejotização, negando-se ao trabalhador conquistas laborais consolidadas, como 13º salário, férias remuneradas, licença por adoecimento e, sobretudo, geram-se inseguranças em relação ao futuro, com poucas garantias, ocasionando impactos negativos na saúde desses trabalhadores.
PERENNIALITY OF BRAZILIAN NURSING JOURNALS: RECOVERY AND REAFFIRMATION OF THE JOURNALS’ SOCIAL COMMITMENT TO SCIENCE
Authors: Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa , Silva Ítalo Rodolfo , Araújo Agostinho Antônio Cruz , Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Godoy Simone de
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect upon the challenges that permeate the development and perenniality of nursing journals published in Brazil for becoming entities at the service of the scientific community and heritage of the history of science for future generations. Method: the reflective method grounded on the principles of complexity and pertinent literature was adopted. Results: the perennial commitment to scientific publishing emerged as the starting point for this reflection; hence, the role played by sponsoring institutions as the guardians of scientific journals, the need for investments, and to valorize the management, professionalization, and internationalization of the editorial team are emphasized, along with the ability to expand communication breaking paradigms in the connections between science and society. Conclusion: this reflection is expected to reaffirm the concept of scientific periodicals being perennial devices and, thus, survive the dynamics of time amidst the challenges science faces worldwide. In this sense, it indicates the importance of institutions supporting scientific journals as a condition to ensure their perenniality.
Nanodrug research and development: a bioethical approach
Authors: Souza Pedro Borges de , Ramos Daniela Fernandes , Gubert Paulo Gilberto , Cigognini Enir , Primo Fabian Teixeira
Published: May 2023

Abstract Nanotechnology consist of using materials at the nanoscale, in which they acquire specific characteristics. Nanodrug research and development is one of the most promising fields today; however, these particles require particular evaluation. Moreover, studies lack consensus on which specific tests to follow, thus hindering the elaboration of legislation that ensure their safety and efficacy, as well as a more effective registration process. Thus, a bioethical approach to nanotechnology and its use in drug development is necessary to ensure scientific progress without irreversible impacts. Given this scenario, this article proposes a nanoethics discussion regarding nanodrug research and development by means of a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive analysis, based on literature review, documental analysis and quantitative data available.
Political activism of union chilean nurses: a grounded theory study
Authors: González Greys González , Riveros Edith Rivas , Campillay Maggie Campillay
Published: May 2023

Abstract Objective To explain the political activism of professional nurses affiliated with Nursing union organizations in Chile, through a theory based on data. Method It is approached from the interpretive paradigm, qualitative methodology, and with a systematic Grounded Theory design of Strauss and Corbin. The sample corresponds to 14 nurses who actively participate in union organizations. Conducting in-depth interviews, with several rounds of data analysis and interpretation for conceptual refinement, following the TF trajectory: open, axial and selective phase. Results Four codes are obtained, with 16 subcodes, which are expressed in the selective phase, through the political activism central code, which maintains professional depoliticization as a causal, intervening and contextual condition, which develops as a consequence of political disinterest, as well as the professional defense that groups the strategies carried out or identified to maintain professional activism arises. Conclusions and implications for practice The theory highlights political activism as the central code, and reveals weak collective strategies to promote professional political participation. This opens up interesting lines of research, and challenges for the teaching and community work of nurses.
Estimation of monthly rainfall missing data in Southwestern Colombia: comparing different methods
Authors: Castillo-Gómez Juan Sebastián Del , Canchala Teresita , Torres-López Wilmar Alexander , Carvajal-Escobar Yesid , Ocampo-Marulanda Camilo
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Historical rainfall records are relevant in hydrometeorological studies because they provide information on the spatial features, frequency, and amount of precipitated water in a specific place, therefore, it is essential to make an adequate estimation of missing data. This study evaluated four methods for estimating missing monthly rainfall data at 46-gauge stations in southwestern Colombia covering 1983-2019. The performance of the Normal Ratio (NR), Principal Components Regression (PCR), Principal Least Square Regression (PLSR), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) methods were compared using three standardized error metrics: Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Percent BIAS (PBIAS), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The results generally showed a better performance of the nonlinear ANN method. Regarding the linear methods, the best performance was registered by the PLSR, followed by the PCR. The results suggest the applicability of the ANN method in regions with a low density of stations and a high percentage of missing data, such as southwestern Colombia.
Completeness of notifications of accidents involving venomous animals in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases: a descriptive study, Brazil, 2007-2019
Authors: Brito Mariana , Almeida Ana Caroline Caldas de , Cavalcante Franciana , Mise Yukari Figueroa
Published: May 2023

Abstract Objective: to describe the completeness of notifications of accidents involving venomous animals held on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System (SINAN), in Brazil and its macro-regions, from 2007 to 2019. Methods: we analyzed essential and non-mandatory fields for snakebite, spider bite and scorpion sting notifications, considering the following completeness categories: Excellent (≤5.0% incompleteness), Good (5.0% to 10.0%), Regular (10.0% to 20.0%), Poor (20.0% to ≤50.0%) and Very Poor (>50.0%). Proportional change in completeness between 2007 and 2019 was estimated. Results: 1,871,462 notifications were investigated. The “localized manifestations”, “systemic manifestations”, “case classification”, “case progression” and “zone of occurrence” fields had excellent or good completeness. Completeness was regular or poor for the “schooling” and “race/color” fields. The “occupation” field was predominantly poorly or very poorly filled in. There was a proportional worsening in completeness (PC<0) in most regions for the “zone of occurrence”, “case progression” and “schooling” fields. Conclusion: completeness of most fields improved, although socioeconomic and occupational fields require more attention.
Peculiarities of Unio tumidus and Unio Pictorum (Unionidae) Adaptive Reactions to the Water Temperature Increase in the Microcosm
Authors: Romanenko O. V. , Krot Yu. G. , Krasyuk Yu. M. , Konovets I. M.
Published: May 2023

The paper deals with adaptive reactions of the freshwater bivalve mollusks of the family Unionidae under water temperature increase to the critical values in the model ecosystem - the microcosm. It was found that the water temperature increase resulted in changes of the metabolic processes, namely decrease of the total protein and glycogen content in gills of Unio tumidus and U. pictorum. Under critical temperatures (30±0.5°C), high activity of LDHase and decrease of K+/Na+-ATPase activity was registered, as well as increase of the filtration rate and oxygen consumption. Considerable need for oxygen was conditioned by oxidation of the energy substrates for instant production of energy for the adaptive processes. However, prolonged impact of increased temperature and thus high rate of metabolic processes in the mollusks can result in exhaustion of the energy resources available for key biological processes, such as growth and reproduction. These results confirmed that over the water temperatures rise owing to the global climate change, many populations of the freshwater bivalves can appear dangerously close to the upper limit of the thermal tolerance.
Enrichment of Culinary-Medicinal Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus (Agaricomycetes), Cultivated on the Straw Substrate with Zinc and Selenium
Authors: Vondruška Jan , Šíma Jan , Křížek Martin , Rokos Lukáš , Šeda Martin , Svoboda Lubomír
Published: May 2023

Pleurotus ostreatus was cultivated on a commercially available wheat straw substrate enriched with Zn and Se. Various amounts of Zn (10, 50, and 100 mg) and Se (1, 5, and 10 mg) in suitable forms ((CH3COO)2Zn·2H2O, Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, and Na2SeO3·5H2O, respectively) were dissolved in 50 ml of deionized water and homogenously nebulized into the substrate block of 2.4 kg weight. The increase in the Zn content in fruiting bodies cultivated on the enriched substrate was relatively low compared with fruiting bodies cultivated on the substrate with no addition at the first flush. The application of different Zn compounds (acetate vs. nitrate) gave similar results. However, the addition of 1 mg of Se into the cultivation substrate block increased the content of Se in fruiting bodies to about 3-6 mg/kg dry matter. This content was one order of magnitude higher compared with the Se content in fruiting bodies harvested from the substrate with no Se addition (< 0.12-0.58 mg/kg dry matter). In the case of the addition of 5 mg of Se, there was a further significant increase in the content of this element to about 40-60 mg/kg dry matter.
Withaferin A-Encapsulated PEGylated Nanoliposomes Induce Apoptosis in B16F10 Melanoma Cells by Regulating Bcl2 and Bcl xl Genes and Mitigates Murine Solid Tumor Development
Authors: Abeesh Prathapan , Guruvayoorappan Chandrasekharan
Published: May 2023

Withaferin A (WA) is a natural steroidal lactone with promising pharmacological activities, but its poor solubility and bioavailability hinder its clinical application. The liposomal drug delivery system has attracted considerable attention to overcome the delivery limitations of pharmacological agents. The present study investigated the effect of WA-loaded pegylated nanoliposomes (LWA) on in vitro and in vivo B16F10 melanoma tumor models. In vitro results showed that LWA had significantly (P < 0.01) higher cytotoxicity than free WA and induced ROS-mediated apoptosis in B16F10 cells. Transwell cell migration and invasion studies demonstrated that LWA treatment significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the migratory and invasive capacities of melanoma cells compared with WA. In vivo study revealed that treatment significantly (P < 0.01) reduced tumor growth in experimental animals compared with WA or tumor control. Also, LWA administration remarkably inhibited tumor cell proliferation by downregulating the expression of Ki-67 and Cyclin D1 and induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of Bax, Bcl2, and Bcl xl levels. Our results strongly suggest that LWA could be a promising therapeutic formulation for treating malignant melanoma.
STEM PROGRAM LEADERS' STRATEGIES TO DIVERSIFY THE DOCTORAL STUDENT POPULATION: INCONGRUENCE WITH STUDENT PRIORITIES
Authors: Haines Chelsea , Bortz Whitney Wall , Fleming Gabriella C. , Knight David B. , Borrego Maura , Denton Maya , Chasen Ariel , Alsharif Abdulrahman
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to uncover strategies commonly utilized by STEM doctoral program leaders to recruit students from historically marginalized backgrounds and to contrast these findings with the factors that program leaders and students say should and do drive decisions. To do so, we interviewed program leaders (n = 90), surveyed staff members (n = 63), and interviewed (n = 23) and
surveyed (n = 431) doctoral students. We critically examined the doctoral enrollment strategies as well
as program leadersэ stated values and priorities related to diversity through the theoretical underpinning
of theories of action. In the competitive environment of doctoral STEM recruitment, program leaders were influenced by other institutions and relied predominantly on financial recruitment strategies (i.e., the theory-in-use). Program leaders felt finances were readily available to recruit minoritized students, especially racially minoritized students; however, since peer institutions seemed to rely on
similar, but narrow, admissions criteria, program leaders felt they were competing with their peers
for the same small pool of students. Although we also found evidence that program leaders employed other student-facing and system-facing recruitment strategies, they often failed to consider the myriad of factors considered by students from historically marginalized backgrounds in making their doctoral program choices (i.e., the espoused theories). This incongruence between theory-in-use and espoused
theories may lead to the reproduction of inequities in STEM doctoral attainment.
Contesting Use of Force Norms Through Technological Practices
Authors: Bode Ingvild
Published: May 2023

International law on the use of force has become increasingly contested. Such contestation also happens in the form of technologically-mediated state practices, for example via designing and using drones or weapon systems integrating autonomous or Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. Over time, such practices can deliberatively and tacitly shape new norms. To make sense of such dynamics, the article differentiates between an international normative order and an international legal order and theorises how their congruence/incongruence affects (social and legal) norms governing the use of force. These arguments combine norm research with scholarship across critical international law, practice theories, and science and technology studies to examine the emergence of contested areas in between the international normative and legal orders. The paper examines the practice of targeted killing in the context of jus contra bellum and the emerging norm of ‘meaningful’ human control in jus in bello. These examples demonstrate the emergence of significant areas of contestation in between the international normative and legal orders – and the adverse consequences of this development for the restraining quality of international law.
Mitigating International Norms Through Contestation: Peaceful Purposes in Space Law and the Security Dilemma
Authors: Persoz Giulia
Published: May 2023

The present contribution proposes to analyse the evolution of the meaning of ‘peaceful’ in space law as an example of how international norms can be emptied of their substance without putting their legality into question. By highlighting different phases of the evolution of the ‘peaceful purposes’ principle and linking it to the peculiar context and security dilemmas of the time, the motivations and the form in which the principle was contested are fleshed out. Drawing on this case study of legislative contestation, it concludes that in matters related to international security, security dilemmas can shape subsequent State practice, allow for a translation of the power dynamics of the international community into international law, and lead to the erosion of norms. In these circumstances, the importance given to the subsequent practice of the states should be reduced in relation to the other interpretive tools.
Суперкомпьютерное моделирование и технологии: конспект лекций
Authors: Паровик Р.И.
Published: May 2023

Учебное пособие представляет собой конспект лекций по теории суперкомпьютерного моделирования в рамках дисциплины ««Распределенные вычисления и приложения» направления подготовки 01.03.02 «Прикладная математика и информатика (уровень бакалавриата)» и направления подготовки 09.03.03 «Прикладная информатика» (уровень бакалавриата). Основной упор в учебном пособии делается на параллельное программирование в рамках технологий MPI, OpenMP, OpenCL, CUDA. Каждая лекция снабжена необходимым справочным материалом, раскрываются основные понятия и определения, приводятся примеры. В конце каждой лекции предлагаются задачи для самостоятельной работы, а также вопросы по теме лекции. Учебное пособие может быть полезно для студентов, обучающихся по инженерным и физико-математическим специальностям. Учебное пособие выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта Президента Российской Федерации № МД-758.2022.1.1.
THE INTERACTION OF HUMANS AND THE INFORMATION SPHERE IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Kalganov Mykhailo
Published: May 2023

The article presents the results of the research devoted to the study of the peculiarities of human interaction with the information sphere in the digital age. In particular, the impact of information technologies on human thinking and behavior, social communications and relationships is studied. Special attention is paid to digital platforms and social networks that change human reality, transforming the material context into virtuality. The positive and negative sides of using social networks are also considered, as well as the possible consequences of their use in the long term. In the process of research, the role of information technologies in the modern world and their influence on human behavior and thinking is revealed, the specifics of human interaction with information in the era of information technologies are analyzed, the social and psychological consequences of the use of information technologies and social networks for people are identified, recommendations are developed for the correct use of information technologies and social networks in order to ensure a balanced and healthy human life. It is argued that modern IT has enabled unprecedented access to information and brought people together in new ways, but at the same time created significant challenges such as information overload and the spread of misinformation. It is proven that the development of artificial intelligence and automation of processes is one of the latest trends in the evolution of human interaction with the information sphere, which may eventually lead to radical changes in production processes and the situation on the labor market. The issue of responsible and ethical handling of information technologies is raised due to the significance of their impact on cultural processes on a global scale. The author's argumentation is strengthened by the ideas and opinions of leading modern thinkers on this topic.
Design and Implementation of Secure Data Retrieval Method in Medical Cyber Physical Network
Authors: Gopal Lisa
Published: May 2023

Medical cyber-physical networks (MCPNs) have the potential to totally alter the healthcare business since they make it feasible to remotely monitor, diagnose, and treat patients. Despite this, MCPN usage is increasing at a startling rate, which raises concerns about security and privacy. Safe data retrieval is critical for maintaining the privacy and accuracy of patients' medical information. The challenges of securing data retrieval in MCPNs, as well as the existing solutions, are the major emphasis of this paper, which provides a review of the relevant literature. Some of the procedures and strategies discussed include access control, encryption, authentication, data masking or pseudonymization, and safe data storage. The challenges of implementing these safety measures and minimising the effect of human variables are also explored. The healthcare sector must maintain its investment in robust security measures to ensure the safety and privacy of patients and the confidentiality of their medical information. If proper safeguards are in place, the usage of MCPNs has the potential to dramatically alter healthcare and lead to improved results for patients.
Human Emotion Identification Based on Facial Expression using Image Processing
Authors: Jain Ayushi
Published: May 2023

The field of using image processing for automated human emotion identification based on facial expression is one that is rapidly growing and has many potential uses. There may be many advantages to understanding human emotions, such as better human-computer interaction and more accurate diagnosis of mental illness. Understanding emotions can help you communicate more effectively with others. Traditional methods of emotion recognition rely on human interpretation, which may be expensive, time-consuming, and prone to error. Recently though, advances in computer vision and machine learning have made it possible to design fully automated systems for identifying emotions based on facial expressions. These algorithms are competent in this area because of their analysis of facial expressions. This research provides a systematic review of previous work on emotion analysis from photographs of people's faces. Issues, boundaries, and potential directions for further study are all discussed. We also explore the many suggested methods for emotion recognition and provide a thorough evaluation of the existing datasets. The applications of AI-based emotion detection are also discussed, along with the need for objective standards of evaluation and verification of the results. Our research leads us to the conclusion that automated emotion recognition algorithms have great potential as a tool for enhancing human-computer interaction, mental health assessment, and other applications, but that more work needs to be done to improve their accuracy and robustness.
Anomaly Detection in Network Traffic using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Rana Samir
Published: May 2023

Due to the rise of sophisticated cyberattacks, network security has become an increasingly important field. One of the most common threats to the security of networks is network anomalies, which can cause system malfunctions and prevent them from working properly. Detecting such anomalies is very important to ensure the continued operation of the network. Deep learning and machine learning algorithms have demonstrated their ability to detect network anomalies, but their effectiveness is still not widely known. This paper presents an evaluation of the performance of three algorithms against the KDD-NSL dataset. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the various techniques used in deep learning and machine learning to detect network anomalies. It will also help improve the security of networks. The paper presents an evaluation of the performance of three algorithms against the KDD-NSL dataset. The three algorithms are the Support Vector Machine, the Random Forest, and the Artificial Neural Network. They will be compared with their accuracy, recall, and F1-score. The study also explores the impact of the algorithm's feature selection on its performance. The findings of the investigation will be used to inform the development of new techniques that can be utilized to enhance the security of networks. The KDD NSL dataset provides an ideal opportunity to analyze the performance of various algorithms for detecting network anomalies.
Arpa Unu İlavesinin Açık Ekmeğin Bazı Kimyasal ve Fonksiyonel Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: ELÇİ Mehmet Ali , ÜNSAL Ahmet Sabri , ÜNSAL Nefise Eren , KÖTEN Mehmet
Published: May 2023

Yapılan bu çalışmada arpa unu ilavesinin Şanlıurfa yöresine özgü “Açık (düz) Ekmek”in bazı kalite özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Açık ekmek, düz ekmekler grubuna giren geleneksel bir ekmek çeşididir. Bu amaçla, buğday ununa % 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 oranlarında arpa unu ilave edilerek açık ekmek üretilmiştir. Üretilen ekmeklerde bazı kimyasal (nem, protein, kül) ve fonksiyonel (besinsel lif, toplam fenolik madde, fitik asit) özellikler incelenmiştir. Arpa unu ilavesinin, ekmeklerin tüm kimyasal ve fonksiyonel özellikleri üzerine etkisi önemli (p≤0.05) bulunmuştur. Arpa unu ilavesine bağlı olarak ekmeklerin nem, kül ve protein içerikleri sırasıyla %27.41-36.68, %1.13-2.39 ve %9.41-11.97 aralıklarında tespit edilmiştir. Arpa unu ilave oranının artışına bağlı olarak ekmeklerin besinsel lif, toplam fenolik madde ve fitik asit değerlerinde önemli (p≤0.05) artışlar olmuştur. Besinsel lif değerleri %5.50-15.50 aralığında değişirken, fitik asit değerleri 0.24-3.95 mg g-1 aralığında, toplam fenolik madde değerleri ise 0.64-1.33 mgGAE g-1 aralığında değişmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında arpa ununun ekmek yapımında ve diğer başka gıdaların besinsel açıdan zenginleştirilmesinde doğal bir katkı olarak kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Effect of 5-week training session on balance in elderly with medium risk of fall: a comparative study
Authors: Ray Gargi M. , Dhote Pushpa R. , Rupani Amrin
Published: May 2023

Background: Ageing is a process through which slow, spontaneous, and progressive changes occur in the body structure over time. Healthy ageing is also characterized by reduction in muscle mass, maximal strength, rate of force development and changes in the architectural and mechanical properties of the muscle-tendon unit, thus affecting balance in the elderly. Here, we sought to compare the effectiveness of Frenkel’s and Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises on the balance in elderly within age group 60-70 years.
Methods: A comparative study was conducted on 32 geriatric people of age group 60-70 years with medium risk of fall. The risk of fall was considered using Berg Balance Scale (BBS: 21-40 score). The sample size (n=32) was divided into 16 subjects each in Group A and Group B respectively. Informed consent was taken and the procedure was explained to all the participants.  
Results: The effectiveness of both the interventions on BBS was compared before and after 5 weeks of training. After 5 weeks of balance training sessions of both the groups, improvement in Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores of the elderly group was seen.
Conclusions: The current study, conducted on Frenkel’s exercises and Cawthorne- Cooksey exercises (Group A and Group B, respectively) used for the elderly with medium risk of fall of the age group 60-70 years for 5 weeks using Berg Balance Scale (BBS) shows that both the groups are equally effective in improving the balance.
Anophthalmic socket syndrome: Management and cosmetic outcome
Authors: Afzal Farzana , Sultana Sadia , Rashid Riffat , Kadir Syeed Mehbub Ul
Published: May 2023

To describe the management strategy and evaluate the outcome of Anophthalmic socket syndrome.

This retrospective case study includes 40 patients with anophthalmic socket syndrome who attended the orbit and ocular oncology department of Ispahani Islamia Eye Hospital from January 1, 2018, to June 31, 2021 were included in this study. All the information regarding age, gender, initial pathology, type of initial surgery, implant, degree of contraction, the procedure of socket reconstruction, the management outcome and complication were recorded and analyzed correctly.

17 males (42.5%) and 23 females (57.5%) with a mean age of 24.47 years were included in the study. Trauma (30%) and Tumour (25%) were the main reasons for initial eye removal. Enucleation performed in 24 (60%) cases was the most common initial surgery. The primary implant was not done in 20 (50%) cases. Mild socket contraction (grade 1) was recorded in 10 (25%) cases. Moderate contraction (grade 2 and 3) in 25(62.5%) cases and severe contraction (grade 4) in 5(12.5%) cases were recorded. Only fornix forming suture was done in 10 (25%) cases, mucous membrane graft (MMG) was done in 27 (67.5%) cases and dermis fat graft was done in 3 (7.5%) cases. All the patients were followed up routinely for six months. The outcome was good in 16 (40%) cases, acceptable in 20 (50%), and poor in 4 (10%) cases. A common complication was infection (5%) and fat atrophy (5%).

: Anophthalmic socket syndrome remains a challenging entity for the oculoplastic surgeon. Multiple factors help to determine the overall prognosis of socket reconstruction. The goal of management is to provide a socket that can maintain a cosmetically acceptable prosthesis. Timely detection, proper correction of the underlying pathology and a high level of care directly correlate with expected surgical outcomes.
Periocular and orbital amyloidosis: A case series study
Authors: Kadir Syeed Mehbub Ul , Haider Golam , Mitra Mukti Rani , Maurya Rajendra Prakash , Parveen Nishat , Hossain Tanjila , Rashid Riffat , Hossain Md. Ismail , Bhowmik Narayon Chandra , Sultana Sadia
Published: May 2023

To present the demographic and clinical profile and management strategies of patients with periocular and orbital amyloidosis.

This study retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of twelve patients with periocular and orbital amyloidosis between January 2011 and February 2019 in Bangladesh. Clinical evaluation and Imaging studies were helpful to diagnosis the patients, but surgical biopsy followed by histopathological study was done to confirm the diagnosis. All cases were investigated to rule out systemic amyloidosis with limited facility and no systemic involvement was found. Informed written consent for surgical procedure and Clinical photographs were taken for all patients for documentation and clinical research.

The study included thirteen patients including nine male (69.2%) and four female (30.8%) patients. Among the patients, seven (53.8%) were unilateral and six (46.2%) were bilateral. Clinical signs and symptoms were visible or palpable periocular mass or tissue infiltration in all 13 (100%) cases, mechanical ptosis was observed in 6 (46.2%) cases, and proptosis or globe displacement was found in 4 (30.8%). Age ranges from 25 years to 65 years. The Mean age ± SD was 48.23 ± 10.64 years. Treatment modalities were mainly open surgical biopsy either excision (53.8%) or debulking (46.2%).

Periocular and orbital amyloidosis may present with a wide spectrum of clinical findings depending on the location of the disease. The goal of treatment is to preserve function and to prevent sight-threatening complications.
Hey Robot, the Mind Is Not Enough to Join the Moral Community! The Effect of Assigning a Mind and a Soul to a Humanoid Robot on Its Moral Status
Authors: Fortuna Paweł , Gut Arkadiusz , Wróblewski Zbigniew
Published: May 2023

Current research explored the link between beliefs about the mind, the soul, and the moral status (MS) of humanoid robot (HR). Determining the conditions for the assignment of MS to artificially intelligent agents is important from the point of view of their inclusion in the moral community. The indication of the role of beliefs about the mind and the soul is consistent with the tendency to distinguish these two incorporeal entities observed in folk psychology. In an online study, participants (N = 223), who believed in the existence of the mind and the soul, assessed the MS of the HR Sophia and assigned attributes to it; based on this, two dimensions of the mind perception (MP) were distinguished: Experience and Agency. As expected, we found that the participants attributed the mind more than the soul to the robot, and these projections significantly affected the MS of the robot. Path analysis revealed that the dimensions of MP acted as a mediator in the mind-MS relationship, while the soul-MS relationship was direct. The analysis of the obtained results leads to a more general conclusion that the soul attribution is a diverse and parallel condition to the mind attribution in individuals.
Driver Behavior Recognition Based on Neural Networks Theory
Authors: Melnyk Yurii , Otrokh Serhii , Sarafannikov Oleksandr , Lebid Yurii
Published: May 2023

The article deals with the problem of driver behavior while driving the vehicle. Driver distraction can lead to serious accidents that threaten human life and public property around the world. Solving the problem of preventing dangerous driving behavior will reduce the risk of getting into an accident in the future. Thus, there is a need for a smart vehicle that will support driver behavior recognition functionality. A possible solution to the problem using an artificial neural network for automatic recognition of driver behavior on a real set of driver behavior data is considered. The high accuracy and efficiency of the developed model recognition is obtained.
Развитие коммуникации в сфере физической культуры и спорта с помощью социальной сети в контакте
Authors: Соловьева Н.В. , Кремнѐва В.Н.
Published: May 2023

Общение в социальных сетях в наше время стало не дополнительной опцией, а одним из основных способов коммуникации людей в разных сферах деятельности. В статье мы рассматриваем работу группы кафедры физической культуры ПетрГУ в социальной сети ВКонтакте; оценивая работу за прошедший год, определяем возможность развития и популяризации физкультурной и спортивно-массовой работы с помощью социальных сетей не только среди студентов, но и среди населения города, республики, страны.
Развивающая предметно-пространственная среда в организации коррекционнообразовательного процесса для детей дошкольного возраста с нарушениями зрения
Authors: Шалагина Г.А.
Published: May 2023

Статья актуализирует проблему организации развивающей предметнопространственной среды в организации коррекционно-образовательного процесса для детей с нарушениями зрения: дидактическое обеспечение развития зрительного восприятия и ориентировки в пространстве; наглядные материалы по закреплению содержания образования в образовательных областях; обеспечение игровым материалом развивающих видов детской деятельности (игровой, познавательной, продуктивной).
Медийная репрезентация аксиологических концептов в пространстве социокультурных текстов
Authors: Варуха И.В. , Давлетбаева А.Ф.
Published: May 2023

В статье рассматривается отражение реалий общественно-культурной жизни в медиатекстах. Авторы статьи исследуют аксиологические концепты, которые создаются в средствах массовой информации под влиянием тех или иных событий, происходящих в жизни общества. При этом речь идет о конструктивных концептах, которые получили отражение в медиатекстах периода распространения COVID-19.
Английские надписи на одежде как способ выражения самоидентичности
Authors: Вельдина Ю.В.
Published: May 2023

В данной статье рассматриваются английские надписи на одежде, как фактор, являющийся одним из способов выражения самоидентичности в обществе. Современная мода не отвечает за содержание надписей на одеждах и не влечет за собой какую-либо угрозу.
Особенности перевода общественно-политических текстов на примере выступлений политических деятелей
Authors: Митрофанова М.А.
Published: May 2023

Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме - исследованию особенности перевода текстов и речей общественно-политической тематики и связана с тем, что в СМИ с каждым днем появляется все больше информации о политике, появляются новые политические реалии и термины, соответственно, возникает все больше трудностей при переводе. На фоне этого возрастает потребность в том, чтобы выполнять перевод текстов и речей политиков более грамотно и корректно. Цель статьи - выявить некоторые особенности общественнополитических речей на основе перевода выступлений политиков.