bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A clinical audit on uptake of delayed cord clamping at caesarean sections
Authors: Jayawardane M. , Rubasinghe A. J. , Fernando A. , Rathnapriya D.
Published: May 2023

Objective: To find out the level of adherence to delayed cord clamping (DCC) following delivery of neonates that do not require resuscitation by category 3 and 4 caesarean surgeries at tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka and the reasons for nonadherence
Methodology: Out of the tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka, eleven were randomly selected to the study. Middle grade medical officers from each obstetric unit of each of these hospitals, who perform uncomplicated caesarean surgeries in their units, were randomly selected and invited to participate in the study. Postgraduate trainees and doctors with an experience of less than a year were excluded. Telephone based interviews were used to administer the study instrument.
Results: Out of the participants (n=50), only 34% of doctors (n=17) were using DCC, while 52% of doctors (n=26) practiced early cord clamping (ECC) and 14% (n=7) practiced umbilical cord milking. Out of the doctors who practiced DCC, five doctors (29.41%) waited until cord pulsations were absent. Nine of them (52.94%) waited for one minute and three of them (17.64%) waited for only 30 seconds.
Out of the participants, 74% (n=37) doctors were aware about guideline recommendations on delayed cord clamping. Out of 36 doctors who did not practice delayed cord clamping or who practiced it for less than the minimum recommended duration, 69.44% (n=25) were aware about the guideline recommendations. Among the doctors who did not practice DCC, 93.93% (n=31) mentioned that they believe DCC is associated with increased blood loss at the caesarean section and increased surgical time.
Conclusions: In contrast to wide consensus on safety and positive effects of DCC, its uptake is low at ground level when it comes to caesarean section deliveries. Most of the surgeons believe that with DCC, they experience increased blood loss and increased surgical time.
Either DCC should be further promoted with stronger scientific evidence for its safety at caesarean sections or alternative surgical techniques should be explored to ensure that newborns do not miss benefits of placental autotransfusion.
The usefulness of flexible sigmoidoscopy in bleeding per rectum during pregnancy: an observational study
Authors: Abeysuriya V. , Dodampahala S. H. , Chandrasena L.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Bleeding per rectum is not an infrequent complaint during pregnancy, which may require endoscopic evaluation and treatment. Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a relatively simple, quick procedure. The current study was aimed to assess the usefulness of flexible sigmoidoscopy in bleeding per rectum during pregnancy from a single tertiary care centre.
Methods: A single centre retrospective study was carried out. Randomly selected 1000 medical records of the pregnant mothers who were referred as out patients and hospitalized from 2012 to 2022 were retrieved. All patients had the passage of fresh blood as their chief complaint. All of them had not undergone any prior diagnostic workup for their presentation. All had undergone flexible sigmoidoscopies and patients with significant additional bowel symptoms underwent colonoscopy following sigmoidoscopy. Endoscopic findings were recorded in a computer based database. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee of Nawaloka Hospitals of Sri Lanka. No conflict of interest.
Results: A total of 48 pregnant women had undergone lower GI endoscopies. The mean age of the patients was 25.3 ± 6.5 years. Twenty-four patients (50%) were primigravida. Majority was in the second trimester of pregnancy 89.5% (43/48). The mean (±SD) gestational age at the time of procedure was 18(±2) weeks. All had undergone sigmoidoscopy, and an additional colonoscopy were done in 2 patients. Bleeding per rectum was the main indication. All flexible sigmoidoscopies were done without sedation. Wiliest, the colonoscopies were performed under conscious sedation. Majority of the pregnant mothers found to have haemorrhoids followed by anal fissures (46/48; 95.8%). Ulcerative colitis and a sigmoidal cancer were found in two patients (4.2%). None had an immediate post procedure-related complication.
Conclusion: Flexible sigmoidoscopy is useful and safe to be performed in pregnancy with clinically significant bleeding per rectum. It has a good diagnostic yield. Further prospective multicentre research studies are strongly recommended.
Upper gastro intestinal endoscopy in pregnancy: A single centre experience
Authors: Abeysuriya V. , Dodampahala H. S. , Chandrasena L.
Published: May 2023

Introdction: Upper gastro intestinal (GI) endoscopy is advisable to perform when strongly indicated during pregnancy. This study was to evaluate the outcomes of upper GI endoscopy during pregnancy.
Methods: A single centre retrospective study was carried out. Randomly selected 500 medical records of the pregnant mothers who were referred as out patients and hospitalized from 2012 to 2022 were retrieved. Inclusion criteria for retrieving data of the patients who underwent upper GI endoscopy were; Major or continued bleeding, severe or refractory nausea and vomiting or abdominal pain, dysphagia or odynophagia. Endoscopic findings were recorded in a computer based database. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee of Nawaloka Hospitals of Sri Lanka. No conflict of interest.
Results: A total of 16 records of patients underwent upper GI endoscopy were retrieved during 2012 to 2022. The mean age of the patients was 25.48 ± 6.5 years. Ten patients (62.5%:10/16) were primigravida. During the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy, number of patients who underwent upper GI endoscopy were 8 (50%), 4 (25%), and 4 (25%) respectively. The major indication was persistence epigastric pain (75%: 12/16) followed by dysphagia (18.7%:3/16) and hematemesis in one patient. All patients had undergone conservative treatment without any therapeutic upper GI endoscopy. There were no records that were found to have ERCP, capsular endoscopy or enteroscopy during pregnancy among our patients. No records were found of having endoscopy related adverse effects on mothers or foetuses.
Conclusion: The upper GI endoscopy especially oesophago-gastro-dudenoscopy (OGD) may be performed without a major risk to the mother and the baby. However, further prospective multicentre research studies are strongly recommended.
The investigation and management of the small-for gestationalage fetus and fetal growth restriction
Authors: Marleen Shemoon , Banu Ayoobkhan Hasny , Dissanayaka Mangala , Rathnasiri U. D. P. , Kadotgajan T. , De Silva Pradeep
Published: May 2023

No abstract available
Efficacy of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block versus transversus abdominis plane block for intraoperative and postoperative pain control in total laparoscopic hysterectomy: results of the ARTEMIDE randomised controlled trial
Authors: Rosato Chiara , Santonaso Domenico P. , Maltoni Alice , De Chiara Annabella , Mezzatesta Luca , Solfrini Serena , Rossi Martina , Antonazzo Patrizio M. , Spelzini Federico , Russo Emanuele , Gamberini Emiliano , Agnoletti Vanni
Published: May 2023

Laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH), one of the most common surgeries among women, results in moderate-to-severe postoperative pain. The use of the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for pain management in LH has been evaluated but with conflicting results. The erector spinae plane (ESP) block has emerged as an effective and safe technique for relieving visceral pain. This study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of posterior TAP block versus ESP block following LH. We conducted a prospective, randomised, multicentre study. Seventy-six patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists I–III) scheduled for elective LH were included in the final analysis. The interventions performed were posterior TAP block (TAP group) and ESP block at T8 (ESP group). We adopted numerical rating scale (NRS) scores for pain at different time points, intraoperative remifentanil need, rescue analgesic requirements, incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 36 postoperative hours, and days of hospitalisation as criteria of evaluetion. At nearly all time points, NRS scores did not significantly differ between the TAP and ESP groups. The TAP group had higher NRS scores for pain in the immediate postoperative period (p=0.008). The need for intraoperative remifentanil was higher in the TAP group (p=0.0018). When needed, remifentanil was infused at slower maximum infusion rates in the ESP group than in the TAP group (mean±SD: 0.02±0.04 vs. 0.04±0.05, respectively; p=0.006). The total rescue analgesic requirements in the first 36 postoperative hours did not significantly differ between the two groups. We conclude that following LH, the posterior TAP and ESP blocks can achieve similar levels of pain management.
The world upside down – after 20 years of follow-up of dextro-transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Alves Pinto Ricardo , Amaral Marques Catarina , Proença Tânia , Martins Carvalho Miguel , Cruz Cristina , Macedo Filipe
Published: May 2023

Dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) is a congenital heart disease (CHD) classically palliated with atrial switch (ATR-S) and nowadays corrected with arterial switch (ART-S). Our aim was to observe a group of D-TGA patients followed in an adult CHD Outpatient Clinic. We analyzed a group of D-TGA patients born between 1974 and 2001. Adverse events were defined as a composite of death, stroke, myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization, arrhythmia, and ventricular, baffle or significative valvular dysfunction. A total of 79 patients were enrolled, 46% female, mean follow-up of 27±6 years after surgery. ATR-S was performed in 54% and ART-S in 46%; median age at procedure was 13 months and 10 days, respectively. During follow-up, almost all ART-S remained in sinus rhythm versus 64% of ATR-S (p=0.002). The latter group had a higher incidence of arrhythmias (41% versus 3%, p<0.001), mostly atrial flutter or fibrillation; median time to first arrhythmia was 23 years. Systemic ventricle systolic dysfunction (SVSD) was more frequent in ATR-S (41% versus 0%, p<0.001); mean time to SVSD was 25 years. In ART-S, the most frequent complication was significant valvular regurgitation (14%). Regarding time-to-event analysis, 80% and 40% of ATR-S maintained adverse-events-free after 20 and 30 years, respectively; the time-to-first-adverse-event was 23 years and there was no difference compared to ART-S (Log-rank=0.596). ART-S tended to maintain more preserved biventricular function than ATR-S (Log-rank=0.055). After a long-term free of adverse events, ATR-S patients experienced more arrhythmias and SVSD. ART-S complications were predominantly anastomosis related; SVSD or arrhythmias were rare.
The Association between Placenta Previa and the Risk of Breech Presentation: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Jenabi Ensiyeh , Afshari Maryam
Published: May 2023

Numerous observational studies have described that placenta previa can increase the risk of breech presentation. To date, no meta-analysis has been conducted to determine the association between placenta previa and increased risk of breech presentation. Therefore, we have done a meta-analysis based on epidemiologic evidence of the association between placenta previa and the risk of breech presentation. A literature search was done in key databases PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct and Scopus to April 2020. The heterogeneity was evaluated by Q-test and I
2 statistic. The publication bias was measured using the Begg’s and Egger’s tests. The results were presented by odds ratio (OR) estimate with its 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects model. The literature review involved 466 articles until April 2020 with 1,972,511 participants. There was a significant relation between placenta previa and the risk of breech presentation based on adjusted studies (OR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.76). To our knowledge, this was the first study that indicated placenta previa is a risk factor for breech presentation. Other studies are needed to identify which mothers with a history of placenta previa are at increased risk of breech presentation.
Research on Intrusion Detection Technology of Computing Nodes in Digital Power Grid based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Lin Xubin , Zhang Situo , Hu Feifei , Wu Liu
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to investigate an intrusion detection network for digital power grid networks, which consists of an edge server and two computational nodes that work collaboratively to detect any potential intrusion in the network. The primary objective of this study is to enhance the effectiveness of intrusion detection in the network. To achieve this objective, we first define the outage probability of the intrusion detection system under consideration. This is done to provide a measure of the probability that the system fails to detect an intrusion when it occurs. We then derive a closed-form expression for the outage probability to enable further analysis on the system behavior. Since the system resources, such as transmit power, are limited, we further design a transmit power allocation strategy to improve the system performance. This strategy seeks to optimize the allocation of transmit power across the different nodes of the intrusion detection network to maximize the likelihood of detecting intrusions while minimizing the resource usage. Finally, to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, we conduct simulations and provide results that demonstrate the accuracy of the closed-form expression and the effectiveness of the transmit power allocation strategy. These simulation results serve as evidence of the efficacy of the proposed approach in detecting intrusions in a resource-constrained network, especially for the digital power grid networks.
Green Orientalism, Brown Occidentalism and Chinese Ecological Civilization
Authors: Heurtebise Jean-Yves
Published: May 2023

Among the many things the Anthropocene is changing about human ways to live and think, one can include our understanding of human cultures and of their relations. Facing the Anthropocene and its diverse manifestations (climate change and rising temperatures, biodiversity loss and oceans acidification, etc.), there is a strong temptation to resort to predefined cultural assumptions to provide ready-made narratives of guilty scapegoats and unlikely saviours satisfying our religious need for radical alternatives and our exotic craving for deep otherness. This essay aims to critically analyse the various attempts to culturalize the Anthropocene with a focus on Green Orientalism and Brown Occidentalism—as we will coin the different culturalist narratives surrounding the notion of “Chinese Ecological Civilization”. Our goal is to promote the idea that the ubiquity of ecological issues calls for the Transculturality of Environmentalism. To achieve such a task, the deconstruction of the “onto-culturalism” of contemporary sinology is necessary.
Fengshui
Authors: Ambrogio Selusi
Published: May 2023

In this article, we will define fengshui as a contemporary hybrid way of thinking with a long history that unfolds from ancient Chinese philosophy and the art of ruling, through Song Neo-Confucianism, to modern Western ecologic interpretations. We will particularly highlight the cosmological and moral ratio of this art in the philosophical thought of Zhu Xi and Cai Yuanding, which we will propose as the possible source of a renovated moral fengshui. After this historical framework, we will present the process of the scientifization of fengshui as a building technology. Therefore, we will put into question this enframing of fengshui as a modern technology through both Heidegger’s lens and Li Zehou’s definition of “proper measure” (du 度). Following this hermeneutical analysis, we will propose jiyi 技藝 (technique-art) as the most suitable definition of fengshui and we will present the ethical dimension behind it (i.e., filial piety towards nature). In the conclusions, we will argue that fengshui is not, properly speaking, an environmental philosophy or an ecologism, since these two concepts are too rooted in Western philosophical culture (i.e., transcendence and the separateness of humans and nature). However, we are convinced that fengshui could fruitfully contribute to a deeper ecological awareness with a Chinese character on both the local and global scales.
From Heretic to Hedonist
Authors: Wang Xiaowei
Published: May 2023

At the end of the nineteenth century, Chinese intellectuals had to respond to the dire situation of their country. Against this background, the leading intellectual Kang Youwei aimed to re-establish some traditional values. Although Yang Zhu had long been employed rhetorically in pre-modern China, Kang reconstructed Yang Zhu as an ancient master who had a coherent theory centered around two expressions: wei wo (serving one’s own interest) and zong yu (indulging in desires). However, there is a tension in Kang’s attitudes towards Yang Zhu: on the one hand, he criticizes Yang Zhu for when he reflects upon the despotic nature of Chinese governance; on the other hand, Kang sees the positive sides of wei wo and zong yu in the achievement of the Great Unity. Despite the ambiguity, Kang’s choice of vocabulary still made an impact to the portrayals of Yang Zhu after his: his portrayal turned this master into someone highly relevant to modern China; he also showed the possibility of reading Yang Zhu in a positive light.
The “Greening” of Daoism
Authors: Zhang Ellen Y.
Published: May 2023

In recent decades there has been much discussion of Daoist thought in the light of environmental or ecological ethics. In this paper, I will discuss the meanings of ziran and wuwei, the two key terms in Daoism within its own tradition and then explore the possibility of establishing a form of “green Daoism” through an interpretative reconstruction of a ziran-wuwei ethic that is relevant to environmental and ecological concerns. I will argue that the Daoist idea of ziran-wuwei does not simply mean to accept things passively, but rather it entails a proactive dimension that can be used to challenge aggressiveness and destructive attitudes towards eco-cosmic unity and diversity. The paper intends to show that although some of the ecological issues we address today may not be the major concerns of ancient Daoism, and that the complexity of the ecological problems and solutions are dependent on modern technology, it will not prevent us from taking Daoism as a cultural resource with which we can examine the human place in nature in view of the current environmental crisis.
Đặc điểm sản xuất và hiệu quả tài chính của mô hình canh tác xoài cát Hòa Lộc ở tỉnh Hậu Giang
Authors: Nhân Trần Quốc , Siêu Huỳnh Sùng , Hợp Đinh Thị Bích
Published: May 2023

Nghiên cứu đánh giá đặc điểm sản xuất và hiệu quả tài chính của mô hình canh tác xoài cát Hòa Lộc ở tỉnh Hậu Giang. Số liệu nghiên cứu được thu thập qua phỏng vấn trực tiếp 92 hộ trồng chuyên canh xoài cát Hòa Lộc tại huyện Châu Thành A, tỉnh Hậu Giang. Hiệu quả tài chính mô hình canh tác xoài được thể hiện thông qua chỉ số lợi nhuận/chi phí. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy mức độ thâm canh trong canh tác xoài của người dân tương đối cao (60% nông dân sản xuất 02 vụ trái/năm) và mức độ thâm dụng thuốc nông dược khá cao (28 lần phun thuốc/năm). Kết quả chỉ ra rằng, trình độ của chủ hộ, giá bán xoài và sản xuất một vụ trái/năm có ảnh hưởng đến hiệu quả tài chính của mô hình canh tác xoài. Ngược lại, diện tích đất trồng xoài và chi phí đầu vào có ảnh hưởng nghịch chiều đến hiệu quả tài chính của mô hình.
Tác động của mức độ bùng phát dịch bệnh Covid-19 đến hiệu quả hoạt động của các ngân hàng thương mại niêm yết tại Việt Nam
Authors: Minh Lê Quang , Minh Nguyễn Hoàng
Published: May 2023

Đại dịch Covid-19 bùng phát tại Việt Nam đã tác động tiêu cực đến hoạt động của các khu vực kinh tế, trong đó có lĩnh vực ngân hàng. Bài viết này nhằm mục đích phân tích tác động của mức độ bùng phát dịch bệnh Covid-19 đến hiệu quả hoạt động của các ngân hàng thương mại niêm yết tại Việt Nam trong giai đoạn từ Quý 1 năm 2020 đến Quý 3 năm 2021. Dữ liệu trong nghiên cứu được thu thập từ Worldometers và Bloomberg, chúng tôi tìm ra rằng mức độ bùng phát dịch bệnh Covid-19 có tác động cùng chiều đến hiệu quả hoạt động. Dựa vào kết quả nghiên cứu, Ngân hàng Nhà nước cần có chính sách phù hợp để kiểm soát hoạt động của các ngân hàng thương mại trong giai đoạn đại dịch Covid-19 nhằm chia sẻ khó khăn với khu vực doanh nghiệp và hộ gia đình để có thể vượt qua đại dịch một cách tốt nhất.
Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến phát triển bền vững của doanh nghiệp vừa và nhỏ tại Việt Nam
Authors: Doang Nguyễn Thị Phúc , Đại Nguyễn Văn
Published: May 2023

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm tìm hiểu các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến sự Phát Triển Bền Vững (PTBV) của doanh nghiệp vừa và nhỏ (SMEs) tại Việt Nam. Dựa trên bộ dữ liệu khảo sát doanh nghiệp SMEs vào các năm 2011, 2013 và 2015 do UNU-WIDER phối hợp cùng nhóm nghiên cứu thuộc trường Đại học Copenhagen, Viện kinh tế quản lý trung ương (CIEM) và Bộ lao Động Thương Binh Xã Hội thực hiện (LĐTBXH), sử dụng các kỹ thuật phân tích trên dữ liệu bảng như hồi quy Pooled OLS, Fixed Effect (FEM), Random Effect (REM) để hồi quy mô hình nghiên cứu. Sau khi thực hiện kiểm định, so sánh hiệu quả của các phương pháp này, kết quả Pooled OLS được đánh giá là hiệu quả hơn cả. Kết quả nghiên cứu cung cấp bằng chứng về vai trò của vốn vật chất, lao động, số năm hoạt động của doanh nghiệp, xuất khẩu, đổi mới sáng tạo, loại hình sở hữu của doanh nhiệp trong mô hình phát triển bền vững của doanh nghiệp SMEs. Phát hiện của nghiên cứu đã góp phần định hướng vào việc đầu tư cho đổi mới sáng tạo, là một yếu tố mới, bên cạnh các yếu tố đầu vào truyền thống trong mô hình phát triển bền vững của doanh nghiệp SMEs tại Việt Nam.
Khảo sát khả năng của phycocyanin trong bảo vệ da in vitro và in vivo
Authors: Quân Tô Minh , Ngân Trang Hoàng Ngọc , Uyên Lê Thị Thu , Loan Đặng Hồng , Biên Lại Đình , Long Lê Thành
Published: May 2023

Phycocyanin (PC) là một protein màu xanh lam có hoạt tính chống oxi hóa. PC chiếm khoảng 10% khối lượng khô tảo Arthrospira platensis. Hiện nay, chưa có nhiều nghiên cứu đánh giá hiệu quả sử dụng PC trong lĩnh vực mỹ phẩm. Trong nghiên cứu này, PC được khảo sát khả năng bảo vệ tế bào da trong điều kiện in vitro và in vivo. Đối với thử nghiệm in vitro, tế bào nguyên bào sợi người (hF) được nuôi trong môi trường DMEM/F12 chứa PC (0.1 -10 µg/ml) 24 giờ trước khi xử lý với 150µM H2O2 trong 90 phút. Sau 04 ngày, tiến hành khảo sát hình dạng tế bào và xác định marker đặc trưng cho quá trình lão hóa senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-gal). Đối với thử nghiệm trên chuột, chuột Mus musculus var. albino được cạo sạch da lưng, bôi PC 50 µg/ml 03 giờ trước mỗi lần chiếu UV. Thí nghiệm được tiến hành trong 08 tuần, mỗi tuần xử lý PC và chiếu UV 06 ngày. Sau 08 tuần, đánh giá tính chất bề mặt da và nhuộm mô học vùng da xử lý. Kết quả cho thấy PC nồng độ 10 µg/ml đã làm giảm tác hại của H2O2 đối với tế bào: tế bào vẫn duy trì dạng thon dài, tỉ lệ diện tích nhân/tế bào tương tự như tế bào ban đầu (0.16 ± 0.06), tỉ lệ tế bào biểu hiện SA-gal thấp (27.1 ± 6.1%). Sau 08 tuần xử lý, da chuột được bôi với PC 50 µg/ml trước khi chiếu UV có tính chất: mịn, ít nếp nhăn, cấu trúc mô học da tương tự như da tự nhiên. Kết luận: phycocyanin các tác dụng bảo vệ nguyên bào sợi da in vitro khỏi tác nhân hydrogen peroxide ở nồng độ 10 µg/ml và in vivo khỏi tác hại của tia UV ở nồng độ 50 µg/ml.
Đa dạng hệ thực vật đất ngập nước tự nhiên vùng Đồng Tháp Mười
Authors: Duy Nguyễn Trường , Bảo Nguyễn Quốc , Ngọt Phạm Văn , Sơn Đặng Văn
Published: May 2023

Một nghiên cứu để khảo sát và đánh giá tổng quan về hệ thực vật đất ngập nước tự nhiên ở vùng Đồng Tháp Mười. Kết quả ghi nhận được vùng Đồng Tháp Mười có 291 loài, 214 chi, 80 họ của 02 ngành thực vật có mạch là ngành Polypodiophyta (Dương xỉ) và Magnoliophyta (Ngọc lan). Trong đó, có 212 loài có công dụng và chia làm 05 nhóm chính: làm thuốc (T) với 131 loài, làm thực phẩm (TP) có 42 loài, cảnh (C) có 15 loài, lấy gỗ (G) có 12 loài, gia dụng (GD) có 12 loài. Hơn nữa, nghiên cứu ghi nhận 03 loài cần được bảo vệ dựa vào Sách Đỏ Việt Nam - Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ (2007) bao gồm Elaeocarpus hygrophilus (Cà na), Oryza rufipogon (Lúa ma) và Hemisorghum mekongense (Lau vôi). Các loài thực vật được phân thành 06 nhóm dạng sống chính, gồm: (1) thân thảo (C) có 196 loài, (2) dây leo (DL) có 30 loài, (3) bụi (B) có 26 loài, (4) gỗ nhỏ (GN) có 19 loài, (5) gỗ lớn (GL) có 18 loài, và (6) bán kí sinh (BKS) có 02 loài. Bên cạnh đó 04 kiểu sinh cảnh tiêu biểu ở Đồng Tháp Mười được ghi nhận là: sinh cảnh rừng tràm, đồng cỏ ngập nước theo mùa, lung trấp và thực vật trên kênh rạch.
Ảnh hưởng hạ tầng giao thông đến thoát lũ sông Bàn Thạch
Authors: Tuấn Nguyễn Viết Quang , Bình Nguyễn Quang , Cường Lê Xuân , Công Nguyễn Chí , Hải Nguyễn Thanh , Hậu Nguyễn Ngọc
Published: May 2023

Hạ tầng giao thông thực sự cần thiết để kết nối giao thông đô thị, đồng thời là động lực thúc đẩy phát triển kinh tế xã hội. Tuy nhiên khi phát triển hạ tầng giao thông để kết nối không gian đô thị giữa bờ trái và bờ phải người ta thường sử dụng đường dẫn kết hợp cầu vượt sông. Các hạ tầng giao thông này đã chiếm một phần không gian thoát lũ của sông nên khi có lũ sẽ cản trở khả năng thoát lũ của sông rất nhiều. Điều này đã làm mức độ ngập lụt càng nghiêm trọng hơn cho đô thị. Bài báo này sẽ đánh giá tác động của ba tuyến giao thông quan trọng cắt ngang sông Tam Kỳ-Bàn Thạch và trận lũ 10/2021 sẽ được mô phỏng lại cho trường hợp có và nếu không có ba tuyến đường này bằng bộ phần mềm MIKE. Kết quả mô phỏng cho thấy khả năng thoát lũ của sông Tam Kỳ-Bàn Thạch bị giảm đi đáng kể và diện tích ngập lụt cũng gia tăng trên toàn lưu vực.
Medical Humanities Course Development Experience in Medical School
Authors: Kim Seon-Kyoung , Bae Jae-Hoon , Lee Jae-Ho
Published: May 2023

Ethics is the basis and conditions necessary for humans to live together, so all education is based on an ethical consciousness. However, educators should reflect on the fact that these functions of education are not working well in real life. In particular, the reason why medicine should not let go of the value of living together in a community is that the human dignity stipulated by the constitution of each country should not be violated by anything. Therefore, the medical college curriculum needs speculative theories and discourses that were discussed in traditional medical education to understand the purpose of their existence in the medical-philosophy relationship, strengthen their sense of ethics as a doctor, and embody roles and responsibilities for the community. In this way, 10 educational experts in medicine, philosophy, (medical) education, psychology, and social welfare at the university and the medical school in Daegu discussed and developed medical humanities subjects and conducted lectures. The education method was conducted through lectures, discussions, and presentations, and was evaluated by attendance and attitude, peer evaluation, and portfolio. In addition to theoretical knowledge about community spirit, the importance of discussion and communication and cooperation were induced in the process. Faculty members participated together to reflect on the nature of education based on the results of a semester-long study of medical humanities subjects and consider the direction that medical education should pursue in the future.
MODERN YÖNETİM TEKNİKLERİNİN İŞLETMELERDE UYGULANMASI
Authors: AKÇA Yaşar , COŞKUN Buket
Published: May 2023

Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmeler (KOBİler), varlıklarını sürdürebilmek için üretim teknolojilerinde olduğu kadar yönetim tekniklerinde de sürekli bir değişim yaşamaktadır. Her KOBİ, modern yönetim tekniklerinden işletme bünyesine en uygun olanını seçip almak ve uygulamak mecburiyetindedir. Bu çalışmada, modern yönetim tekniklerinin KOBİlerde uygulama durumu Van Organize Sanayi Bölgesi (OSB) kapsamında incelenmiştir. KOBİlerde modern yönetim tekniklerinin kullanımına yönelik ilgili literatür taranarak anket soruları oluşturulmuştur. Van OSBde faaliyet gösteren 117 KOBİden 85’ine ulaşılmış ve yüzyüze görüşmelerle anket formlarının doldurulması sağlanmıştır. Genel olarak Van OSB'nde faaliyet gösteren KOBİlerin modern yönetim teknikleri hakkında bilgilerinin olmadığı, modern yönetim tekniklerini işletmede uygulayacak deneyimli personele ihtiyaç duydukları, ilave mali külfet getireceği endişesi, işletme süreçlerindeki işleyişe uygun olmadığı gibi olumsuz düşüncelerle potansiyel gelişimlerini henüz sağlayamadıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance profile of bacteria isolated from out-patients of Pakem primary healthcare, Yogyakarta
Authors: Estiningsih Daru , Puspitasari Ika , Nuryastuti Titik , Lukitaningsih Endang
Published: May 2023

Background: The use of antibiotics is one of the procedures in the treatment of infectious diseases. Antibiotics are given to kill or inhibit the growth of infectious bacteria within the host’s system. Inappropriate use of antibiotics may lead to antibiotic resistance where the bacteria can resist the effect of the drugs.     
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in out-patients at the Pakem Health Center, Yogyakarta.    
Method: This study employed a descriptive research design using the data of patients with bacterial infections. Twenty-six patients were the subjects of the study with predetermined characteristics, namely age, gender, occupation, and antibiotics given.     
Result: The result showed the five (5) common types of infections were pyoderma, pharyngitis, abscess, bronchitis, and wound infection. Meanwhile, the infectious bacteria found were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus betahaemolyticus. The prescribed antibiotics included amoxicillin (73.33%), metronidazole (16.67%), gentamicin (6.67%), and ciprofloxacin (3.33%). The antibiotic resistant bacteria were Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Staphylococcus aureus. Among the test bacteria, several groups showed multiple-drug resistance. The five highest antibiotic resistance found were penicillin (52.9%), ampicillin (40.0%), tetracycline (33.3%), cefuroxime (33.3%), and amikacin (33.3%).     
Conclusion: The most common type of infection was pyoderma and the antibiotic treatment given to most occurring cases of infection was amoxicillin.
Impact of appropriate empirical antibiotics therapy on the clinical outcome of patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Authors: Kurniawati Fivy , Ayun Stephanus Manunggaling , Patricia Jesslyn
Published: May 2023

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) have a high prevalence in Indonesia. UTI treatment is commonly done through empirical antibiotics usage; therefore the appropriate use of empirical antibiotics needs to be assessed.
Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the impact of the appropriate use of empirical antibiotics on the outcome therapy of hospitalised UTI patients.
Methods: This study was cross-sectional with retrospective data collected from patients’ medical records. The population were all hospitalised patients who had received empirical antibiotic therapy for UTIs. Subjects were collected with purposive sampling. The appropriate application of empirical antibiotics, including the right type, dosage, route, duration, and frequency, was evaluated according to several guidelines. The collected data was then analysed descriptively.
Results: The results showed that among 196 patients included in this study, antibiotics were appropriately used according to the type, route, dose, frequency, and duration in as many as 45.9% of patients, and 41.8% of them had improvements in therapy outcomes. On the other hand, 54.1% of patients were not using antibiotics according to the guidelines, and 48.0% of them still had improvements in therapy outcomes. Based on the Chi-squared test, the p-value was > 0.05 (0.64), and so the conclusion was made that there is no significant relationship between the accuracy of empirical antibiotic application with the outcomes of therapy.
Conclusion: Thus, the application of empirical antibiotics following the guidelines does not always have an impact on improving treatment outcomes for UTI patients in the Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Academic Hospital inpatient ward.
Modification of purple sweet potato starch (Ipomoea batatas L. Poir) with pragelatination and acetylation methods as disintegrant of paracetamol tablets
Authors: Wisudyaningsih Budipratiwi , Wijiani Nina , Anggraeni Vita
Published: May 2023

Background: Starch of sweet potatoes is one of the ingredients that has many benefits, including in the pharmaceutical field, especially as a pharmaceutical excipient in pharmaceutical formulations. But it has poor flow properties.
Objective: The objective of the study is to isolate, characterise, modify and formulate the starch of Purple sweet potatoes (I. batatas L.Poir) into tablet dosage forms.
Method: purple sweet potato starch obtained from the isolation, then modified to improve its flow properties. Modifications made were by pregelatination and acetylation. after obtaining starch that meets the standards in the pharmacopoeia, then starch is used as a disintegrant in the formulation of paracetamol tablets with a concentration of 15%.
Result: The physicochemical characteristics of starch isolated from purple sweet potatoes are considered to meet the requirements of pharmaceutical excipients required in the Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients sixth edition and the United States Pharmacopeia 32nd edition.
Conclusion: The starch from purple sweet potato has the potential as an alternative disintegrant for tablet formulation, but the amount used needs to be reduced so as not to produce brittle tablets.
Synthesis of 3'-methoxy flavonol and its derivatives as potential inhibitors for Dengue NS2B/NS3 and molecular insight into binding interaction
Authors: Frimayanti Neni , Ikhtiarudin Ihsan , Dona Rahma , Putri Istiazah , Septama Abdi Wira
Published: May 2023

Background: Infection with the Dengue virus can result in dengue fever (DD), which can progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).
Objective: In this work, molecule 3'-methoxy flavonol (3F) and its derivatives (T3F) were synthesized because they may be used to develop dengue antiviral DENV-2 NS2B/NS3 serine proteases.
Method: Compound 2'-hydroxy-3-methoxy chalcone and hydrogen peroxide are used in the stirrer method to synthesize compound 3F with a yield of 33.24%, and yellow crystals of the 3F compound were produced.
Results: The substance T3F was produced as white crystals with a yield of 69.42% by reacting compound 3F with ethyl chloroacetate using the reflux technique. Compound 3F exhibited absorption at maximal wavelengths of 212 nm, 244 nm, and 344 nm according to UV-Vis spectroscopy. UV-Vis spectroscopy of compound T3F revealed absorption at maximal wavelengths of 212 nm, 243 nm, and 320 nm. While a C=O ester group was replaced in the T3F synthesis step, the FT-IR spectroscopy of the 3F molecule revealed the existence of an OH group.
Conclusion: Based on docking results, compound T3F has a binding free energy value that is extremely similar to that of panduratin A. Thus, it revealed that the T3F molecule has the potential to be an inhibitor of the NS2B/NS3 Protease virus DENV-2.
Pharmacy student knowledge level regarding the beyond-use date
Authors: Nurbaety Baiq , Rahmawati Cyntiya , Anjani Baiq Lenysia Puspita , Nopitasari Baiq Leny , Ningrum Dwi Monika
Published: May 2023

Background: In daily practice, misunderstandings often arise regarding the expiration date after opening the package of a drug. Beyond Use Date (BUD) is the time limit for using the drug after it has been formulated or prepared or after the primary packaging has been opened or damaged. Students need to understand BUD because BUD is related to the stability and quality of drug preparations. Without proper knowledge of BUD, the provision of information to patients may be misleading and it may lead to unsafe use of the drug.
Objective: This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of pharmacy students about beyond use date of drugs.
Methods: A descriptive survey is used in this observational cross-sectional study. The data collection was conducted in June 2022 at the Pharmacy Study Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Muhammadiyah Mataram, Indonesia with a total sample of 163 students.
Results: This study found that 42.9% (n:70) pharmacy students have a ‘good’ category of knowledge of BUD, while 53.9% (n: 88) have an ‘enough’ category of knowledge and 3.1% (n:5) have a ‘less' category of knowledge. A total of 11.1% (n:18) of students said BUD did not determine drug use, and 42.9% (n:70) said BUD and ED were not the same.
Conclusion: The average level of knowledge of pharmacy students in the sampled university about Beyond Use Date Drugs is in the sufficient category.
Formulation and in vitro study of nanoparticles loaded Anredera cordifolia leaf extract as anti-acne
Authors: Winarti Lina , Safitri Adelia Amanda , Az-Zahro Syafira , RKS Lusia Oktora
Published: May 2023

Background: The ethanolic extract of Anredera cordifolia (AC) leaves has previously been investigated to have antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. An active antibacterial compound against propionibacterium acnes was flavonoid.   
Objective: This study aimed to compare antimicrobial activity differences between nanoparticles and extract alone.    
Method: AC leaves were extracted and then formulated into nanoparticles using chitosan as the polymer and sodium tripolyphosphate (Na-TPP) as a crosslinker. The nanoparticle-preparation method was ionic gelation, while the antibacterial study used the disc method.   
Result: Nanoparticle evaluations showed an average size of 84.93±15.36nm, a polydispersity index of 0.22, a percent entrapment efficiency of 55.06±1.05%, and an average yield of 11.00±1.27%. Based on statistical t-test analysis, nanoparticles differed significantly from extract alone in antimicrobial activity.   
Conclusion: Nanoparticles significantly increase the antibacterial effectiveness of extract through the synergism effect between chitosan and flavonoid content in the extract. Hence nanoparticles serve good potency to deliver extract for acne therapy.
Brazilian Legal Amazon and the Theory of Agrarian Conflicts
Authors: Ferreira Gustavo Henrique Cepolini
Published: May 2023

The analysis of agrarian conflicts in the Brazilian Legal Amazon involves a theoretical and methodological endeavor to comprehend the essence of these conflicts in terms of class struggle and the ongoing territorial disputes in the Amazon region, and by extension, throughout Brazil. In this context, this paper employs the framework of Agrarian Geography in conjunction with data from the Pastoral Land Commission (CPT) to map conflicts and murders in Brazilian rural areas and the Amazon during two time frames, i.e., from 1964 to 1945 and from 1985 to 2020. By doing so, this papers highlights the recurrence of barbarism in Amazon rural areas and its implication for Brazilian society.
Design and Simulation of MIMO Systems over Rayleigh Fading Channel and Using Near-Maximum-Likelihood Detection
Authors: Muzammil Rehan
Published: May 2023

While coding is the main element for the success of the MIMO system implementation, the communication channel is the main component that ascertains this. This paper describes the design and simulation of a 2x2, 4x4, and 8x8 MIMO system which is used exclusively in 5G mobile systems. The detection performed in such a system is near-maximum-likelihood detection. The noise added at the front end of the receiver is additive white Gaussian noise with zero mean and variance which depends upon the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) while the signal is transmitted over a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel. The MIMO system operates at a much higher level of complexity to exploit the channel space-time resources. Orthogonal space-time block codes are used at the transmitter. An Image is transmitted and the received image is compared with the transmitted image and BER is calculated. This is done for varying SNRs. The whole project is performed over a front-end application where the various parameters are populated and run. This makes the simulation extremely easy for the 2x2 or 4x4 or 8x8 MIMO application with varying channel parameters. The modulation scheme used in this work is BPSK.
ОСНОВНО (НАУЧНО‑ПОПУЛАРНО) ИЗДАЊЕ ЛУЧЕ МИКРОКОЗМА И СПРОВОДА ПРАХУ С. МИЛУТИНОВИЋА ПЕТРА II ПЕТРОВИЋА-ЊЕГОША
Authors: Н. Маројевић Радмило
Published: May 2023

В настоящей работе обосновывается подготовленное автором основное (научно- популярное) издание поэмы «Луч микрокосма», а также основное (научно- популярное) изда- ние стихотворения «Памяти Симеона Милутиновича» сербского поэта эпохи романтизма Петра II Петровича‑Негоша, написанного им по поводу кончины его поэтического наставника С. М. Сарайлии, поэта и фольклориста. С другой стороны, в работе обосновывается целесообраз- ность публикации стихотворения-некролога «Памяти Симеона Милутиновича» в качестве Приложения к поэме «Луч микрокосма»: указанное стихотворение представляет собою своео- бразный post scriptum поэмы – выражение благодарности наставнику, а также подтверждение космогонической концепции о природе человеческой души параболой о круговороте души поэта.
АУТОБИОГРАФСКИ АСПЕКТИ ПРОЗЕ ИЗ ЈЕДНОГ ДНЕВНИКА ВЕЛИМИРА РАЈИЋА
Authors: M. Лукић Мирјана , М. Куртеш Огњен
Published: May 2023

The paper analyses the prose From a Diary by Velimir Rajić (1879-1915), which was published as a short story in Srpski književni glasnik (Serbian Literary Gazette) in the issues of May 16 and June 1 and 16, 1904, and then in 1908, along with poems from the first and only collection Pesme i proza (Poems and Prose). Problematizing the issue of the genre of the mentioned text, it is also pointed out that the introductory chapters of the diary were “added” and written by the literary critic Pavle Popović, who read the manuscript in its original form. Also, the paper analyses the coincidences of individual episodes from diary entries with the biography of their author. Rajić’s reflections on illness and unrequited love correspond to the real life of the poet. Using the testimonies of the writer’s friends and contemporaries, we point out that the diary can be used as material for the interpretation of Rajić’s poetry, especially the poem “On the day of her wedding”(„Na dan njenog venčanja”) which, according to the testimony of the poet’s friends, is dedicated to Kosara Bоbić.
COMPARATIVE FORMATION IN DISYLLABIC ADJECTIVES ENDING IN /ɪ/
Authors: M. Josijević Jelena
Published: May 2023

The system of comparative and superlative formation in English relies on both synthetic (i.e. inflectional) and analytic (i.e. periphrastic) means. Numerous studies have aimed at analyzing the impact of the final -y in choosing a comparison strategy. Their main focus is on testing the potential impact of a wide repertoire of the linguistic factors that were assumed to be relevant in making such choices, but their samples were relatively limited in terms of specific groups of adjectives, such as those ending in -y. (e.g. LEECH, CULPEPER 1997; LINDQUIST 2000; MONDORF 2009; GONZALEZ-DIAZ 2009). About 20 to 30 adjectives were subjected to the various analyses, leaving most members bearing this feature excluded. This paper aims at revisiting comparative formation strategies in disyllabic adjectives ending in // and does so by analyzing the prevalence of both comparison strategies in 277 different lexemes. Drawing on techniques familiar from quantitative morphological typology (GREENBERG 1960; SZMRECSANYI 2012, 2016), the analysis uses syntheticity and analyticity indices as the main indicators of frequency of both free (more) and bound (-er) comparative morphemes. The quantitative data are retrieved from Corpus of Contemporary American English. The results demonstrate that disyllabic adjectives ending in /ɪ/ are not a uniform class. The attributed feature of being inclined toward synthetic comparison does not apply to all members of this class or at least not to the expected level.
ИЗАЗОВИ У ПРЕВОЂЕЊУ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗАМА ИЗ ИТАЛИЈАНСКОГ ЈЕЗИКА НА СРПСКИ ЈЕЗИК: ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМИ СА ИМЕНИЦАМА КОЈЕ ОЗНАЧАВАЈУ АРХИТЕКТОНСКЕ ОБЈЕКТЕ И ЊИХОВЕ ДЕЛОВЕ
Authors: В. Бадовинац Јелена , Р. Блатешић Александра
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we have referred to the theory of translation in a broader sense, but we have paid special attention to the translation of idioms, which due to its unique form and meaning is not easy to translate into another language. The basic material for this work consists of Italian phraseological expressions which include nouns that can denote residential, but also architectural objects of other purposes (negozio/ shop, chiesa/ church, museo/ museum, etc.). We have also included in the research phrases in which one of the components denotes separate spaces of the mentioned buildings, as well as certain elements that are part of their constructions. We have excerpted phraseological expressions from several monolingual and bilingual, both general and phraseological dictionaries. The paper focuses on the comparison of their language structures in the original (Italian) and target (Serbian) language, the issue of equivalence, possible untranslatability, as well as the inevitable socio-cultural impact during the transfer from one language to another. The main goal of our research is to determine the most common level of translation equivalence in the transfer of selected Italian idioms into Serbian language (complete, partial or zero equivalence).
IMAGE SCHEMAS AND DOWNGRADING IN JANETTE TURNER HOSPITAL’S SHORT STORY “HERE AND NOW”
Authors: B. Petrović Anja
Published: May 2023

Due to the fact that embodiment determines the way in which we interact with the outside world and cognitively structure external inputs, image schemas play an essential role in our understanding of literary texts (ZUNSHINE 2015). In his study, Cognitive Poetics: An Introduction (2002), Peter Stockwell defines the basic tenets of cognitive poetics and hypothesizes that literary texts which pose a challenge for analysis express a higher degree of aberration from our sense of reality in terms of schematic structures. He explains that on a scale of informativity, such texts contain second- and third-order informativity which represent unusual or highly unlikely things and events that disrupt existing schema information, compared to first-order informativity which preserves or reinforces the existing schemas. In order to integrate second- and third- order occurrences into a person’s existing knowledge, the processes of downgrading need to be employed. Thus, a text can either be downgraded backwards, by searching for textual cues and information in the previously read excerpts, or forward by searching for an explanation for the encountered anomaly. This paper will try to offer an insightful cognitive reading of Janette Turner Hospital’s short story “Here and Now” (1989) in an attempt to demonstrate how image schemas and downgrading serve a vital role in understanding a literary text.
О ДИКЦИЈИ И ПРОЗОДИЈИ У СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ
Authors: Р. Лончар Раичевић Александра
Published: May 2023

Књига Дејана Средојевића под називом Дикција. О гласу, гласовима, акцен- ту и прозодији речи у српском језику представља публикацију која се бави проуча- вањем дикцијских феномена који се реализују у говору. Објављивање публикације овакве врсте се дуго очекивало међу стручњацима који се баве феноменима говора. Рукопис монографије има 281 страну и подељен је у једанаест поглавља (Увод, Дик- ција, Глас и говор, Артикулација гласова, Акценат, Интонација, Интензитет, Па- уза, Темпо, Ритам, Фокус), која су пропраћена бројним илустрацијама и опсежним списком коришћене литературе. Свако од поглавља састоји се од ужих тематских целина које су именоване посебним поднасловима.