bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Statistical Inference under Censored Data for the New Exponential‐X Fréchet Distribution: Simulation and Application to Leukemia Data
Authors: Alzeley Omar , Almetwally Ehab M. , Gemeay Ahmed M. , Alshanbari Huda M. , Hafez E. H. , Abu-Moussa M. H.
Published: August 2021

In reliability studies, the best fitting of lifetime models leads to accurate estimates and predictions, especially when these models have nonmonotone hazard functions. For this purpose, the new Exponential‐X Fréchet (NEXF) distribution that belongs to the new exponential‐X (NEX) family of distributions is proposed to be a superior fitting model for some reliability models with nonmonotone hazard functions and beat the competitive distribution such as the exponential distribution and Frechet distribution with two and three parameters. So, we concentrated our effort to introduce a new novel model. Throughout this research, we have studied the properties of its statistical measures of the NEXF distribution. The process of parameter estimation has been studied under a complete sample and Type‐I censoring scheme. The numerical simulation is detailed to asses the proposed techniques of estimation. Finally, a Type‐I censoring real‐life application on leukaemia patient’s survival with a new treatment has been studied to illustrate the estimation methods, which are well fitted by the NEXF distribution among all its competitors. We used for the fitting test the novel modified Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) algorithm for fitting Type‐I censored data.
Parametric Evaluation of Simultaneous Effects of Damaged Zone Parameters and Rock Strength Properties on GRC
Authors: Ghorbani Ali , Hasanzadehshooiili Hadi , Eslami Amin
Published: August 2021

The convergence‐confinement method via the ground reaction curve (GRC) is used as the common practice of tunnel design which demands accurate determination of the stress state and material strength behavior in different zones around the tunnel section. Besides, formation of the excavation/blast‐induced damaged zone (EDZ/BDZ) adds more complexity to the problem due to variation of elasticity modulus of the rock mass in this zone. As a result, advanced numerical methods via finite element/difference commercial packages or user‐coded, semi‐numerical techniques are required to develop the GRC, which demands a high degree of proficiency and knowledge of computational plasticity and geomechanics. In this study, a new, simple, and accurate method is proposed for prediction of GRC of circular tunnels constructed in the damaged, elastoplastic rock masses obeying softening in the plastic zone. The effects of deterioration caused by the drilling/blast in the EDZ were taken into account by assuming a reduced and varying Young’s modulus using the disturbance factor, in the form of Hoek–Brown failure criterion and the Geological Strength Index (GSI). Besides, effects of intermediate principal stress and the exponential decaying dilation parameter are taken into account thanks to adoption of the unified strength criterion (USC) as the material strength criteria. To do so, genetic algorithm (GA) via the method of evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR) is used to find a relationship between a number of 19 affecting parameters on the GRC as the input, and the internal support pressure as the target of prediction. Verification analysis was performed to verify the validity of the results using field measurements data as well as other advanced numerical studies found in the literature. Lastly, variation of the support pressure with simultaneous changes in the affecting input parameters was investigated using multivariable parametric study.
ULSOSEAL Technique: A Unique Technique to Achieve Hemostasis Using ExoSeal in High-Risk Patients after Common Femoral Artery Puncture
Authors: Honda Yohsuke , Mori Shinsuke , Fukagawa Tomoya , Kishida Toshihiko , Nakano Takahide , Shirai Shigemitsu , Mizusawa Masafumi , Makino Kenji , Tsutsumi Masakazu , Kobayashi Norihiro , Yamawaki Masahiro , Ito Yoshiaki
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of the ULtrasound-guided uSe Of exoSEAL technique (ULSOSEAL technique) in patients at a high risk of complications following the use of ExoSeal. ExoSeal is a novel, completely extravascular hemostatic device that can treat punctures of the common femoral artery; however, it is not preferable for use in cases that require hemostasis of complex puncture sites. From November 2019 to August 2020, the ULSOSEAL technique was performed in 35 patients with implanted stents (6 patients, 17%), severe calcification (32 patients, 91%), and plaque (7 patients, 20%) around the puncture site; the presence of these conditions is usually undesirable when using ExoSeal. The antegrade approach was used in 22 patients (71%). The size of the ExoSeal used was 5 Fr (13 patients, 37%), 6 Fr (21 patients, 60%), and 7 Fr (1 patient, 2%). Technical success was achieved in 34 patients (97%), while ExoSeal malfunction occurred in 1 patient. There was no incidence of vessel occlusion, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, infection, and secondary bleeding. One patient developed a hematoma (>5 cm in size); however, it occurred before the use of ExoSeal due to side leakage from the inserted sheath. The ULSOSEAL technique was safe and feasible for hemostasis in patients who were considered unsuitable for the ExoSeal device.
Support Vector Machine Parameter Optimization for Positron Emission Tomography Images for Estimation of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury with Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Wang Jiyuan , Zou Hanqing , Sun Shaokun , Xu Wenqian , Jin Jie
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to explore positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) images based on support vector machine (SVM) algorithm for the classification of thyroid nodules (TN) and its evaluation value in postoperative injury rate (PPIR) of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). The parameters of the SVM algorithm were optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. A total of 58 patients who were diagnosed with TN by PET/CT at a hospital were divided into a group with benign nodules (group B, 25 cases) and a group with malignant nodules (group M, 33 cases). The characteristics of the PET-CT images and difference in the max standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of PET-CT were analyzed. The PPIR of RLN was calculated. It was found that when the number of iterations was 19, the fitness and the classification accuracy of the SVM algorithm was 98.3% and 91.1%, respectively. When SUVmax = 4.56, its sensitivity and specificity were 81.33% and 76.18%, respectively. The SUVmax of group B was much lower (

P
<
0.01

). It indicated that the established method could realize higher classification accuracy on TN and was of great significance in the evaluation of the PPIR of RLN.
Latest Inversion-Free Iterative Scheme for Solving a Pair of Nonlinear Matrix Equations
Authors: Shil Sourav , Nashine Hemant Kumar
Published: August 2021

In this work, the following system of nonlinear matrix equations is considered,

X

1

+

A

∗

X
1

−
1

A
+

B

∗

X
2

−
1

B
=
I
 and 

X

2

+

C

∗

X
2

−
1

C
+

D

∗

X
1

−
1

D
=
I
,

where

A
,
B
,
C
,
 and 
D

are arbitrary

n
×
n

matrices and

I

is the identity matrix of order

n

. Some conditions for the existence of a positive-definite solution as well as the convergence analysis of the newly developed algorithm for finding the maximal positive-definite solution and its convergence rate are discussed. Four examples are also provided herein to support our results.
Application of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-Gel Methods in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Abel Saka , Jule Leta Tesfaye , Belay Fikadu , Shanmugam R. , Dwarampudi L. Priyanka , Nagaprasad N. , Krishnaraj Ramaswamy
Published: August 2021

Nanotechnology from titanium dioxide has been deposited, and its application in desalination and water treatment has been investigated by using sol-gel methods. Homogeneously dispersed sphere shapes of titanium dioxide nanoparticles were observed from scanning electron microscope micrographs and decrease in size as aging time increases from 40 min to 60 min. SEM micrographs of highly transparent nanopowders show that they are detected in the visible region from UV/visible and that their red shift around maximum wavelength increases with increasing aging time due to an increase in water quality. The energy band gap of the generated nanosheet has narrowed as the aging time has increased, which is related to the red shift of the absorption spectrum edge in the sheet. The structural behaviors of deposited nanoparticles have also been investigated, which confirms the existence of anatase as well as rutile levels in the liquid phase. The findings of the PL allowed us to determine the total strength of the intensity. This shows that applying photodegradation by a solar absorber could play a vital role in desalination and water treatment.
Consequences of Peri‐Implant Bone Loss in the Occlusal Load Transfer to the Supporting Bone in terms of Magnitude of Stress, Strain, and Stress Distribution: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Pérez-Pevida Esteban , Chávarri-Prado David , Diéguez-Pereira Markel , Estrada-Martínez Alejandro , Montalbán-Vadillo Oier , Jiménez-Garrudo Antonio
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective. Marginal bone loss around dental implants is one of the most prevalent complication, and its biomechanical impact may be critical for treatment prognosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of marginal bone loss around dental implants in the occlusal load transfer to the bone in terms of magnitude of stress and strain and distribution of such transferred stress. Methods. Three models of a single internal connection bone level‐type implant inserted into a posterior mandible bone section were constructed using a 3D finite element software: one control model without marginal bone loss and two test models, both with a circumferential peri‐implant bone defect, one with a 3 mm high defect and the other one 6 mm high. A 150 N static load was tested on the central fossa at 6° relative to the axial axis of the implant. Results. The results showed differences in the magnitude of strain and stress transferred to the bone between models, being the higher strain found in the trabecular bone around the implant with greater marginal bone loss. Stress distribution differed between models, being concentrated at the cortical bone in the control model and at the trabecular bone in the test models. Conclusion. Marginal bone loss around dental implants under occlusal loading influences the magnitude and distribution of the stress transferred and the deformation of peri‐implant bone, being higher as the bone loss increases.
Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling versus Nonpeeling to Prevent Epiretinal Membrane Formation following Vitrectomy for Posterior Segment Open-Globe Injury
Authors: Wei Wen-Long , Lin Zhong , Xu Ming-Na , Feng Ke-Mi , Zhao Zhen-Quan
Published: August 2021

Purpose. Approximately 30% of patients with an open-globe injury (OGI) develop a secondary epiretinal membrane (ERM). This study was performed to assess whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in the treatment of posterior segment OGI prevents ERM formation. Methods. The medical records of 33 patients who underwent vitrectomy for posterior segment OGI from 2016 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Of these patients, 17 underwent ILM peeling during the vitrectomy and 16 did not. The patients’ demographic and surgical data were collected. The associations of ILM peeling with the preoperative findings of posterior segment OGI and development of a postoperative ERM were analyzed. Student’s t-test was used to evaluate differences in continuous variables, and the chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables. Time-to-event curves were calculated from postestimation Cox proportional hazards models. Results. An ERM developed in three eyes (17.6%) in the ILM peeling group and in eight eyes (50.0%) in the nonpeeling group (

p
<
0.05

). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in visual acuity at baseline (1.68 vs. 1.58 logMAR,

p
=
0.68

) or at final follow-up (0.72 vs. 0.78 logMAR,

p
=
0.66

). Median visual acuity significantly improved in both groups (

p
<
0.001

). In the multivariable models, ILM peeling (odds ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.04–0.91;

p
=
0.04

) and worse preoperative vision (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.10–0.80;

p
=
0.02

) were associated with lower likelihood of ERM formation. Conclusion. Preventative treatment with ILM peeling contributed to decreased development of an ERM in patients with OGI involving areas near the fovea.
[Retracted] Design and Application of Electronic Rehabilitation Medical Record (ERMR) Sharing Scheme Based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Zhenjing , Tan Rong , Liu Cong
Published: August 2021

As the value of blockchain has been widely recognized, more and more industries are proposing their blockchain solutions, including the rehabilitation medical industry. Blockchain can play a powerful role in the field of rehabilitation medicine, bringing a new research idea to the management of rehabilitation medical data. The electronic rehabilitation medical record (ERMR) contains rich data dimensions, which can provide comprehensive and accurate information for assessing the health of patients, thereby enhancing the effect of rehabilitation treatment. This paper analyzed the data characteristics of ERMR and the application requirements of blockchain in rehabilitation medicine. Based on the basic principles of blockchain, the technical advantages of blockchain used in ERMR sharing have been studied. In addition, this paper designed a blockchain‐based ERMR sharing scheme in detail, using the specific technologies of blockchain such as hybrid P2P network, block‐chain data structure, asymmetric encryption algorithm, digital signature, and Raft consensus algorithm to achieve distributed storage, data security, privacy protection, data consistency, data traceability, and data ownership in the process of ERMR sharing. The research results of this paper have important practical significance for realizing the safe and efficient sharing of ERMR, and can provide important technical references for the management of rehabilitation medical data with broad application prospects
Improvement of Automatic Calculation Method of CASE Bearing Capacity
Authors: Liu Guosong , Wang Junlin
Published: August 2021

Because of the reliance on the empirical parameter CASE damping coefficient Jc, the high‐strain CASE method is not recommended. The automatic bearing capacity calculation method RAU can avoid this, but it cannot be applied to friction piles. Based on the analysis of the automatic calculation method of bearing capacity RAU, considering the influence of pile side soil resistance unloading, this paper improved the RAU method through the influence of pile side soil damping on the velocity of the pile mass point during the stress wave propagation process. In this paper, we compare the collected static load test results of test piles with the improved automatic method results. The unary linear regression analysis is carried out with the help of statistical tools. The unary linear regression of the improved automatic method bearing capacity results on the static load test bearing capacity results is established. The improved automatic method solves the problem that the RAU method is only applicable to end‐bearing piles and can be applied to the quality analysis and bearing capacity calculation of the high‐strain curve of the driven pile.
Mechanical Performance and Microstructure of Ultra‐High‐Performance Concrete Modified by Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement
Authors: Song Meimei , Wang Chuanlin , Cui Ying , Li Qiu , Gao Zhiyang
Published: August 2021

High autogenous shrinkage property is one of the disadvantages of ultra‐high‐performance concrete (UHPC), which may induce early age cracking and threaten the safety of concrete structure. In the present study, different dosages of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement were added in UHPC as an effective expansive binder. Hydration mechanism, autogenous shrinkage property, and compressive strength of UHPC were carried out to investigate the effect of CSA addition on the mechanical properties of UHPC. Scanning electron microscopy was also employed to characterize the intrinsic microstructural reasons relating to the changes in macroproperties. Based on the XRD diagram, increasing formation of ettringite and Ca(OH)2 can be found with increasing CSA content up to 15%. In the heat flow results of UHPC with 10% CSA addition, the maximum heat release increases to 2.6 mW/g, which is 8.3% higher than the reference UHPC, suggesting a higher degree of hydration with CSA addition. The results in autogenous shrinkage show that CSA expansion agent plays a significantly beneficial role in improving the autogenous shrinkage of UHPC. The corresponding autogenous shrinkage of UHPC is −59.66με, −131.11με, and −182.31με, respectively, at 7 d with 5%, 10%, and 15% addition, which is 108%, 117%, and 123% reduction compared to the reference specimen without CSA. In terms of compressive strength, UHPC with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% CSA addition has 10.5%, 17.4%, 30.2%, and 22.1% higher compressive strength than that for the reference UHPC at 28 d. Microstructural study shows that there is an extremely dense microstructure in both the bulk matrix and interfacial transition zone of UHPC with 10% CSA addition, which can be attributed to the higher autogenous shrinkage property and can therefore result in higher mechanical performance.
Pattern Classification-Based Analysis on Gastrointestinal Multifunctional Apparatus Guided by Ultrasound Image after Resection of Esophageal Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Ping , Lu Wenmin , Wang Jue , Guo Zhanling , Liu Lianchang
Published: August 2021

To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound image-guided extracorporeal gastrointestinal multifunctional instrument based on pattern classification algorithm (PCA) on the physical status of patients after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer (EC), in this study, 120 esophageal cancer patients who entered our hospital for consultation and treatment from July 2019 to July 2020 were selected as the investigation subjects, and the patients were randomly divided into a control group (gastrointestinal motility drug treatment) and an observation group (gastrointestinal motility drug + extracorporeal gastrointestinal multifunctional apparatus (EGMA) therapy), with 60 cases in each group. A pattern classification method algorithm was designed for the ultrasound image characteristics of esophageal cancer tumors and applied to the clinical identification and diagnosis of postoperative status of esophageal cancer patients by the ultrasound image-guided extracorporeal gastrointestinal multifunctional instrument. The results showed that the time of exhaustion, the time of recovery of bowel sounds, and the time of the beginning of gastrointestinal peristalsis in the observation group were better than those in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

); the incidence of postoperative abdominal distension in the observation group was 15%, and that in the control group was 28.3%; the incidence of postoperative abdominal distension in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). In conclusion, the use of EGMA guided by ultrasound image based on PCA can effectively improve the gastrointestinal function of esophageal cancer patients and significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
A Novel Long Short-Term Memory Predicted Algorithm for BDS Short-Term Satellite Clock Offsets
Authors: Wen Tailai , Ou Gang , Tang Xiaomei , Zhang Pengyu , Wang Pengcheng
Published: August 2021

The satellite clocks carried on the BeiDou navigation System (BDS) are a self-manufactured hydrogen clock and improved rubidium clock, and their on-orbit performance and stabilities are not as efficient as GPS and Galileo satellite clocks caused of the orbital diversity of the BDS and the complexity of the space operating environment. Therefore, the existing BDS clock product cannot guarantee the high accuracy demand for precise point positioning in real-time scenes while the communication link is interrupted. To deal with this problem, we proposed a deep learning-based approach for BDS short-term satellite clock offset modeling which utilizes the superiority of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) derived from Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) in time series modeling, and we call it QPLSTM. The ultrarapid predicted clock products provided by IGS (IGU-P) and four widely used prediction methods (the linear polynomial, quadratic polynomial, gray system (GM (1,1)), and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model) are selected to compare with the QPLSTM. The results show that the prediction residual is lower than clock products of IGU-P during 6-hour forecasting and the QPLSM shows a greater performance than the mentioned four models. The average prediction accuracy has improved by approximately 79.6, 69.2, 80.4, and 77.1% and 68.3, 52.7, 66.5, and 69.8% during a 30 min and 1-hour forecasting. Thus, the QPLSTM can be considered as a new approach to acquire high-precision satellite clock offset prediction.
Physical Training Information System of College Sports Based on Big Data Mobile Terminal
Authors: Dong Xianfeng
Published: August 2021

The development of information technology is changing all walks of life. People’s health problem is more and more prominent; people begin to talk about the reform of college sports training. Sports no longer rely on individual games, but on the comprehensive strength of science and technology competition. The fierce competition for Olympic gold medal in modern competitive sports is largely due to the competition of scientific and technological strength of various countries. China has also conducted a lot of research on sports information and made some achievements. Through the investigation, we know that, at present, the provincial level sports teams have established the relevant sports training information management system, which is very effective. The latest scientific and technological achievements are combined with sports to establish the university sports information system. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the university sports physical training information system based on big data mobile terminal, study the big data embedded system, improve the effect of sports skills training, and meet the social demand for high skilled sports talents. This paper uses the literature method, experimental investigation method, and big data spectral clustering algorithm-related experiments to study the advantages of big data and uses the value of big data and embedded system model to study the university sports physical fitness training information system based on big data mobile terminal. The results show that 40.6% of college students spend more time in physical exercise, based on the application of big data embedded system in college sports training; it is of great significance to arrange sports training methods to improve students’ sports training performance.
A New Regularity Criterion for the Three-Dimensional Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic Equations in the Besov Spaces
Authors: LI TianLi , Wang Wen , Liu Lei
Published: August 2021

Regularity criteria of the weak solutions to the three-dimensional (3D) incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations are discussed. Our results imply that the scalar pressure field

π

plays an important role in the regularity problem of MHD equations. We derive that the weak solution

u
,
b

is regular on

0
,
T

, which is provided for the scalar pressure field

π

in the Besov spaces.
Study on the Production Factors in the Process of Production and Properties of Fly Ash‐Based Coarse Aggregates
Authors: Shivaprasad K. N. , Das Bibhuti Bhusan
Published: September 2021

An optimization study was carried out for the sustainable production of coarse aggregates from fly ash and alkaline solution, considering the combined effect of alkaline solution and production process. The trial mixes during the process of producing the artificial aggregates were designed through Taguchi’s experimental design method. The combined effect of alkaline solution (geopolymerisation) and production process (pelletization factors) along with engineering properties of the produced coarse aggregates was evaluated using response indices at different curing ages. Furthermore, the influence of each individual factor of geopolymerisation and pelletization on the engineering properties was determined through grey relational analysis to identify the most influencing factors in the production of coarse aggregates. The results obtained from grey relational analysis indicate that the properties of produced aggregates are governed mostly by geopolymerisation. It is also observed that water content of 20% by mass of fly ash is found to be essential for the suitable production of coarse aggregates and factors such as Na2O content and curing regime improved the engineering properties.
Seed Quality as Related to Harvest Time in Three Key Perennial Grasses Native to Puna Tussock Rangelands of Peru
Authors: Castro Jimy , Aguirre Lucrecia , Distel Roberto
Published: August 2021

Seed-based rehabilitation programs represent a primary foundation for rangeland recovery, which requires high-quality seed of key native species. The objective of this research was to determine the seed quality at different harvest times for three key perennial grasses native to puna tussock rangelands of Peru: Festuca dolichophylla, Festuca humilior, and Calamagrostis vicunarum. Seeds of each species were harvested at 21, 28, and 35 days after anthesis and evaluated by standard tests to determine the purity, size, viability, and germinability. On average, the seed purity of the studied species ranged between 23% and 44%, hundred-seed weight between 34 mg and 73 mg, seed viability between 24% and 60%, and the seed germination between 18% and 34% over the harvest dates. The highest seed quality was observed in C. vicunarum. Seed quality parameters of the studied species did not show a consistent variation over the harvest times. Overall, the species studied presented relatively low seed quality; therefore, when using it in rehabilitation programs for rangeland recovery, it is important to carry out a previous cleaning process (to reduce nonviable seeds and inert matter) and to use a sufficient quantity of seed for effective establishment of these key grasses.
Analytical Methods for Detection of Gasotransmitter Hydrogen Sulfide Released from Live Cells
Authors: Quan Fu-Shi , Lee Gi-Ja
Published: August 2021

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in mammals as a signaling molecule. Recently, abnormal H2S concentration has been associated with several pathophysiological states, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. As regulating H2S concentration can be a very prominent way of developing new drugs, many researchers have paid great attention to H2S research. To understand the role of H2S in pathophysiology and develop H2S‐based therapies, it is necessary to measure the exact concentration of H2S within biological systems. But, H2S is volatile and can be easily oxidized. Besides, the active sites for several biological effects of H2S are inside the cell. Therefore, there is a need for the development of new methods for the accurate and reliable detection of H2S within live cells. This review provides a summary of recent developments in H2S detection methods for live cell analysis.
Clozapine-Induced Pericardial Effusion Presenting with Persistent Tachycardia
Authors: Gilbreth Nathan , Nath Hari , Quesada Fernando , Lolo Delatre
Published: August 2021

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic used in refractory schizophrenia and depression. Its use is often complicated by its vast side-effect profile including cardiovascular reactions, agranulocytosis, and seizures. Specifically, the cardiac complications of clozapine have been shown to predominantly cause myocarditis and pericarditis. In this case report, the case of a 58-year-old male being treated for treatment-resistant depression and schizophrenia who suffers from tachycardia is presented. He is treated empirically for orthostatic hypotension with IV fluids without much success. Further imaging and echocardiography demonstrated a pericardial effusion, a rare reaction (≤1 : 10000) that has only been documented in a handful of case reports. This anecdotal evidence highlights the significance of polyserositis/pericardial effusion in the context of clozapine-induced orthostatic hypotension resistant to rehydration. When starting a patient on clozapine, it is important to consider further workup and monitoring with laboratory baseline biomarkers and cardiac evaluation with symptomatic individuals. Upon immediate cessation of clozapine, the pericardial effusion should spontaneously resolve without complication and should not be rechallenged.
Data-Driven Simulation of Pedestrian Movement with Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Wang Weili , Rong Jiayu , Fan Qinqin , Zhang Jingjing , Han Xin , Cong Beihua
Published: August 2021

To predict pedestrian movement is of vital importance in a wide range of applications. Recently, data-driven models are receiving increasing attention in pedestrian dynamics studies, demonstrating a great potential in enhancing simulation performance. This paper presents a pedestrian movement simulation model based on the artificial neural network, in which two submodels are, respectively, used to predict velocity displacement and velocity direction angle at each time step. Destination information, the pedestrian’s historical movement information, neighboring pedestrians, and environmental obstacles within a semicircular-shaped perception area are used as inputs to learn pedestrian movement behavioral rules. In the velocity direction angle submodel, a novel division method on pedestrian’s perception area is adopted. Specifically, perception radius is divided into several bands, and perception angle range is divided into a number of sectors, establishing a weighted spatial matrix to represent varied influences of neighboring pedestrians and obstacles. Experiments on two typical scenarios, the unidirectional flow and bidirectional flow in a long straight corridor, were conducted to obtain pedestrian movement datasets. Then, a series of simulation cases were conducted to investigate the proper values for critical parameters, including perception radius, perception angle division, weights of the spatial matrix, and historical movement adoption. In comparison of pedestrian trajectory between simulation results and real data, the mean trajectory error (MTE) and mean destination error (MDE) are, respectively, 0.114 m and 0.171 m in the unidirectional flow scenario, which are, respectively, 0.204 m and 0.362 m in the bidirectional flow scenario. In addition, the fundamental diagram representing density-velocity and density-flow relationships in simulation results agree well with that in real data. The results demonstrate great capacity and credibility of the presented model in simulating pedestrian movement in real applications.
Robot‐Assisted Gait Training Plan for Patients in Poststroke Recovery Period: A Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yu Deng , Yang Zhang , Lei Liu , Chaoming Ni , Ming Wu
Published: August 2021

Background. Walking dysfunction exists in most patients after stroke. Evidence regarding gait training in two weeks is scarce in resource‐limited settings; this study was conducted to investigate the effects of a short‐term robot‐assisted gait training plan for patients with stroke. Methods. 85 patients were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups, with 31 patients in withdrawal before treatment. The training program comprised 14 2‐hour sessions, for 2 consecutive weeks. Patients allocated to the robot‐assisted gait training group were treated using the Gait Training and Evaluation System A3 from NX (RT group, n = 27). Another group of patients was allocated to the conventional overground gait training group (PT group, n = 27). Outcome measurements were assessed using time‐space parameter gait analysis, Fugl‐Meyer Assessment (FMA), and Timed Up and Go test (TUG) scores. Results. In the time‐space parameter analysis of gait, the two groups exhibited no significant changes in time parameters, but the RT group exhibited a significant effect on changes in space parameters (stride length, walk velocity, and toe out angle, P < 0.05). After training, FMA scores (20.22 ± 2.68) of the PT group and FMA scores (25.89 ± 4.6) of the RT group were significant. In the Timed Up and Go test, FMA scores of the PT group (22.43 ± 3.95) were significant, whereas those in the RT group (21.31 ± 4.92) were not. The comparison between groups revealed no significant differences. Conclusion. Both the RT group and the PT group can partially improve the walking ability of stroke patients within 2 weeks.
UAV‐Relaying Cooperation for Internet of Everything with CRT‐Based NOMA
Authors: Jinyuan Gu , Xiaohui Gu , Guoan Zhang , Wei Duan
Published: September 2021

Due to the great potential of the combination of machine learning technology and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enabled wireless communications, various optimization algorithms on resource allocation have been proposed for the Internet of Things. UAVs not only can perform the missions under the extreme conditions but also enhance the overall performance of the system as an aerial relay assisting transmission in the public and civil domains, which have been received extensive attentions. However, with the limited capacity and power constraints, they are difficult to support the transmission for the big data information users. In addition, the lack of spectrum resource poses challenges to satisfy the quality of service (QoS) of mobile users in wireless networks. To contribute to these urgent problems, this article first studies the potential and effective applications of UAVs, by introducing the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) and nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technologies into UAV relay networks. Two scenarios with/without direct transmissions between the source and destination nodes are investigated, following the decomposition and reconstruction mechanisms to satisfy the big data information transmission. Considering the user fairness, we further discuss the effect of the UAV numbers to the overall system capacity. To maximize the system capacity, the designs of transmission protocol and receiver are also discussed, in various channel conditions. Finally, a low complexity and efficient two‐stage power allocation scheme is established for the perspective of users and UAV relays.
[Retracted] Spatial Pattern Evaluation of Rural Tourism via the Multifactor‐Weighted Neural Network Model in the Big Data Era
Authors: Zhu Jiangrui , Jian Feng
Published: August 2021

The exploration of the evaluation effect of rural tourism spatial pattern based on the multifactor‐weighted neural network model in the era of big data aims to optimize the spatial layout of rural tourist attractions. There are plenty of problems such as improper site selection, layout dispersion, and market competition disorder of rural tourism caused by insufficient consideration of planning and tourist market. Hence, the multifactor model after simple weighting is combined with the neural network to construct a spatiotemporal convolution neural network model based on multifactor weighting here to solve these problems. Moreover, the simulation experiment is conducted on the spatial pattern of rural tourism in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region to verify the evaluation performance of the constructed model. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the model is 97.69%, which is at least 2.13% higher than that of the deep learning algorithm used by other scholars. Through the evaluation and analysis of the spatial pattern of rural tourist attractions, the spatial distribution of scenic spots in Ningxia has strong stability from 2009 to 2019. Meanwhile, the number of scenic spots in the seven plates has increased and the time cost of scenic spot accessibility has changed significantly. Besides, the change rate of the one‐hour isochronous cycle reaches 41.67%. This indicates that the neural network model has high prediction accuracy in evaluating the spatial pattern of rural tourist attractions, which can provide experimental reference for the digital development of the spatial pattern of rural tourism.
Optimization of Daylighting, Ventilation, and Cooling Load Performance of Apartment in Tropical Ocean Area Based on Parametric Design
Authors: Zhang Jianjian , Ji Lin
Published: August 2021

In tropical areas of China, energy saving is an important part of architectural design, and the energy‐saving potential of residential buildings has attracted extensive attention. This paper studies the daylighting, ventilation, and building energy consumption in tropical areas to find out the best energy‐saving performance parameters. The building model is established by grasshopper, and the parameters of daylighting, ventilation performance and cooling load are simulated. The octopus plug‐in in grasshopper is used to calculate the target value iteratively, so as to find the relative optimal value of multiobjective. Finally, the optimized design value is compared with the initial value. The results show that the refrigeration energy consumption is greatly reduced from 188.20 kwh/m2 to 163.02 kwh/m2, the Daylight Autonomy (DLA) is reduced from 60.71% to 58.56%, and the ventilation wind speed is increased from 0.62 to 0.63 m/s. It can be seen from the results that although the daylighting objectives was reduced, the cooling energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the optimized daylighting layout is more balanced and reasonable. Therefore, on the basis of reasonable layout, this optimization study effectively reduces the refrigeration energy consumption and achieves the goal of green energy saving.
Comprehensive Assessment of the Effect of Water Pressure on the Development of Cracks in Gravity Concrete Dams
Authors: Safayenikoo Hamed
Published: August 2021

In recent years, extensive studies have been conducted to ensure the safety and stability of concrete dams. The development of numerical methods in considering more factors affecting the response of dams and also increasing the accuracy of calculation methods has played an important role in ensuring the safety of concrete dams. Therefore, one of the most important points in the design and analysis of concrete dams is to predict the location of cracks, expand it, investigate the phenomenon of hydraulic failure, consider the pressure caused by the infiltration of reservoir water into cracks and joints in static and dynamic states, and find solutions prevention of dam destruction due to this phenomenon. In the study of the effect of tensile strength, with increasing tensile strength, the reservoir water level increases at the beginning of cracking and the final reservoir water level increases, but there is no linear relationship between tensile strength and the two responses. In general, in examining the refractive energy parameter in each of the states with and without taking into account the water pressure inside the crack, the results of the mentioned models are slightly different from each other, but comparing the results shows that in nonlinear analysis considering water pressure inside the crack failure energy change has a greater impact on the results of these models.
Generalized Hausdorff Operators on

K
̇

α
,
q

β
,
p

ℝ

and
H

K
̇

α
,
q

β
,
p
,
N

ℝ

in the Dunkl Settings
Authors: Saadi Faouaz , Tyr Othman , Daher Radouan
Published: August 2021

In the present paper, we obtain some new results, and we generalize some known results for the Hausdorff operators. We have studied the generalized Hausdorff operators

H

α
,
φ

on the Dunkl-type homogeneous weighted Herz spaces

K
̇

α
,
q

β
,
p

ℝ

and Dunkl Herz-type Hardy spaces

H

K
̇

α
,
q

β
,
p
,
N

ℝ

. We have determined simple sufficient conditions for these operators to be bounded on these spaces. As applications, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for generalized Cesàro operator to be bounded on

K
̇

α
,
q

β
,
p

ℝ

and Hardy inequality for

K
̇

α
,
q

β
,
p

ℝ

.
Effect of Walking Speeds on Complexity of Plantar Pressure Patterns
Authors: Liau Ben-Yi , Wu Fu-Lien , Li Yameng , Lung Chi-Wen , Mohamed Ayman A. , Jan Yih-Kuen
Published: August 2021

Various walking speeds may induce different responses on the plantar pressure patterns. Current methods used to analyze plantar pressure patterns are linear and ignore nonlinear features. The purpose of this study was to analyze the complexity of plantar pressure images after walking at various speeds using nonlinear bidimensional multiscale entropy (MSE2D). Twelve participants (age: 27.1 ± 5.8 years; height: 170.3 ± 10.0 cm; and weight: 63.5 ± 13.5 kg) were recruited for walking at three speeds (slow at 1.8 mph, moderate at 3.6 mph, and fast at 5.4 mph) for 20 minutes. A plantar pressure measurement system was used to measure plantar pressure patterns. Complexity index (CI), a summation of MSE2D from all time scales, was used to quantify the changes of complexity of plantar pressure images. The analysis of variance with repeated measures and Fisher’s least significant difference correction were used to examine the results of this study. The results showed that CI of plantar pressure images of 1.8 mph (1.780) was significantly lower compared with 3.6 (1.790) and 5.4 mph (1.792). The results also showed that CI significantly increased from the 1st min (1.780) to the 10th min (1.791) and 20th min (1.791) with slow walking (1.8 mph). Our results indicate that slow walking at 1.8 mph may not be good for postural control compared with moderate walking (3.6 mph) and fast walking (5.4 mph). This study demonstrates that bidimensional multiscale entropy is able to quantify complexity changes of plantar pressure images after different walking speeds.
Job Satisfaction and Associated Factors among Health Professionals Working at Public and Private Hospitals in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Geta Amare , Biks Gashaw Andargie , Dellie Endalkachew , Yazachew Lake
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Job satisfaction is a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from evaluating one’s job or job experiences. However, knowledge of workplace factors that either satisfy employees to keep working or dissatisfy them making them leave their jobs or working places is essential for decision‐making. Thus, this study is aimed at assessing job satisfaction and associated factors among healthcare professionals working at public and private hospitals in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia. Methods. An institution‐based comparative cross‐sectional study design was conducted from 10 February 2020 to 29 May 2020. A total of 520 health professionals were selected from public and private health facilities using stratified systematic random sampling techniques. Data were collected using structured pretested self‐administered questionnaires. A binary logistic regression model with Huber‐White robust standard error was fitted to identify job satisfaction and associated factors among healthcare professionals working at public and private hospitals. A less than 0.05 p value and an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were considered to have a statistically significant association with the outcome variable. Results. The overall magnitude of job satisfaction was 55.2% (95% CI: 51.0, 59.4%). At public and private hospitals, the provider’s satisfaction was 29.0% (95% CI: 23.2, 35.1%) and 81.23% (95% CI: 76.6, 85.8%), respectively. Working at private hospital (AOR: 8.89; 95% CI: 5.14, 15.35), pleasant nature of work (AOR:  1.82; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.15), autonomy (AOR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.29, 4.33), adequate supportive supervision (AOR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.33, 4.40), good reward and recognition (AOR: 3.04; 95% CI: 1.37, 6.75), and high normative commitment (AOR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.48, 4.43) were factors affecting the overall job satisfaction of health professionals. Conclusions. The magnitude of job satisfaction was relatively low in private and public hospital health professionals and severe among health professionals working in public hospitals. Healthcare policy‐makers and hospital managers need to develop and institutionalize evidence‐based satisfaction strategies considering the predictors of health professional’s job satisfaction.
sLOX-1: A Molecule for Evaluating the Prognosis of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zheng Yangmin , Huang Yuyou , Li Lingzhi , Wang Pingping , Wang Rongliang , Tao Zhen , Fan Junfen , Han Ziping , Li Fangfang , Zhao Haiping , Zhao Fangfang , Yan Feng , Liu Yumei , Luo Yumin
Published: August 2021

Several clinical parameters and biomarkers have been proposed as prognostic markers for stroke. However, it has not been clarified whether the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with recurrent and first-ever stroke are similar. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (sLOX-1) levels and the prediction of the functional outcome in patients with recurrent and first-ever stroke. A total of 266 patients with recurrent and first-ever stroke, who underwent follow-up for 3 months, were included in this study. Plasma samples were collected within 24 h after onset. The results showed that biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with recurrent stroke were different from that of those with first-ever stroke. sLOX-1 levels were correlated with modified Rankin Scale scores of patients with recurrent stroke alone (

r
=
0.3232

,

p
=
0.001

). sLOX-1 levels were also associated with an increased risk of unfavorable outcomes in patients with recurrent stroke with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.489 (95% confidence interval, 1.204–1.842,

p
<
0.0001

). Combining the risk factors showed greater accuracy for prognosis, yielding a sensitivity of 93.2% and a specificity of 75%, with an area under the curve of 0.916, evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve. These findings suggest that the diagnosis and prognosis are different between patients with recurrent stroke and those with first-ever stroke, and sLOX-1 level is an independent prognostic marker in patients with recurrent stroke.