bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kankouran West African Dance Company, Washington, D.C.
Authors: Serrano-Franklin William
Published: September 2020

Amaniyea Payne, dancer/choreographer and Artistic Director of Muntu Dance Theatre, offers her reflections on Muntu’s more than four decades in Chicago, Illinois. There, in mid-west U.S.A., Muntu shines a bright and powerful light on African dance, due in major part to its artistic and educational vision, which has been influenced by Payne’s artistic research and global dance connections. Her research and artistic experiences display the seminal connections among Diaspora dance artists, highlighting their similar concerns regarding education of African, diasporic, and non-African peoples. Payne and Muntu exemplify the characteristic duality of professional African-based dance companies in the U.S.: on the one hand, she and the company develop and present fascinating, contemporary choreographies using traditional African vocabularies and on the other hand, they are enmeshed in educational projects and neighborhood and community development through dance.
Embodying Rhythm
Authors: Carlozzo Abby
Published: September 2020

In this essay, Abby Carlozzo explores insights on improvisation gained from her fieldwork in Burkina Faso. She explores the philosophical and ideological tensions that arise from North American and European understandings of improvisation as a discrete creative practice vis a vis an “Africanist” perspective that understands improvisation as inextricably linked to the parameters of living and ever-evolving dance traditions. Carlozzo aligns her analysis with scholarship on improvisatory dance approaches and aesthetics in the African Diaspora and argues that “improvisation” in African dance contexts is better described as “stylistic innovation within form.”
Recording “Foggy Mountain Breakdown”
Authors: Goldsmith Thomas
Published: September 2020

Flatt and Scruggs went into Herzog Studios in Cincinnati, Ohio, on December 11, 1949, to record his recently composed tune “Foggy Mountain Breakdown,” the first instrumental recording for Flatt and Scruggs. E. T. (Bud) Herzog had started the studio a few years earlier, attracting name artists such as Patti Page and Hank Williams. Producer Murray Nash used the new medium of magnetic tape recording at the sessions, almost certainly using several microphones to achieve a widely praised sound. Nash, from the Midwest, had quickly gotten up to speed on the record industry, which was growing quickly following the end of the union ban on live recording and with the postwar growth of the economy.
Riding with Bonnie and Clyde
Authors: Goldsmith Thomas
Published: September 2020

The banjo tune “Foggy Mountain Breakdown” took a roundabout path to become the voice of the genre-changing film Bonnie and Clyde, first released in 1967. The movie’s eventual star, Warren Beatty, was behind the scoring and several stories are presented about his decision. The movie script, by Esquire staffers Robert Benton and David Newman, also passed through a succession of hands—including those of French New Wave auteurs François Truffaut and Jean-Luc Godard—before Beatty, its champion, succeeded in getting the services of American director Arthur Penn. The resulting movie, a fictionalization of criminals Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker’s murderous episodes, had a slow start but eventually galvanized audiences with its dark humor and raucous score. NYT critic Bosley Crowther saw his career at the paper end after fervently dissing the film.
Introduction
Authors: Kanter Deborah E.
Published: September 2020

This chapter explains the book’s origins. Visits to Chicago’s Mexican churches suggested a complex, multiethnic history that required learning about Chicago’s eastern European immigrants. Mexican immigrants and their children shared memories of the communities they encountered, reshaped, and made anew in Chicago. The ability to carry out Catholic devotions and to join parishes proved essential for most Mexicans and the communities that they built in the United States. The chapter considers relevant scholarship in Latino studies, which lacks attention to religion. US Catholic history, meanwhile, sorely needs more work on Latino communities and religious life. This book underlines religion’s critical role in urban adjustment and racial politics while recasting the Eurocentric assumptions of immigration history narratives.
La catedral mexicana
Authors: Kanter Deborah E.
Published: September 2020

Mexicans, tejanos, and braceros converged on Chicago in greater numbers in the World War II era and after. Most settled around St. Francis of Assisi Church, which anchored the city’s largest Mexican neighborhood, the Near West Side. Puerto Ricans joined other Spanish speakers. Priests and nuns aimed to meet immigrants’ religious and social needs. St. Francis offered a rich Catholic liturgical calendar of feast days, novenas, and Holy Hours. Parishioners avidly took part in personal and communal religious devotion. St. Francis became “el refugio de los mexicanos” and simultaneously grew into a very American parish. As the city’s Latino population dispersed, the faithful came from well beyond the Near West Side. The church’s cathedral-like reputation endures even today.
“Wanted to Save Her Honor”
Authors: Frisken Amanda
Published: September 2020

This chapter shows how, in 1895-96, women’s rights activists attempted to use sensationalism to critique the double standard in domestic violence prosecution. Lacking illustrated newspapers of their own, veteran activists including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone, and Henry Blackwell, used the pages of the New York Recorder, World, and Journal to apply the “crime of passion” defense to the case of Maria Barbella (or Barberi), a woman tried twice for killing a man who had seduced and dishonored her. Their efforts to introduce into the daily papers a complex debate about women’s rights and the double standard in legal protection helped win the campaign for Barbella’s acquittal. It had the unintended cost of undermining women’s standing to critique honor killings by men.
The Kingdom of God
Authors: MacKay Michael Hubbard
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores Joseph Smith’s overarching narrative of priestly power by identifying a continuous chain of authority back to Adam in Mormon scripture. A crucial component of that chain was the idea of administrative keys that link priestly authority among the New Testament apostles with priestly authority in Joseph Smith’s church. The chapter focuses on how an emerging narrative about Peter, James, and John determined Mormon administration and the ecclesiastical hierarchy. This apostolic narrative enabled Joseph Smith to empower the Mormon clergy with authority without compromising his unique position within the church as its president and prophet. On the one hand, Smith centralized power in himself, like a monarch over the kingdom of God. He alone held all of the keys of full church administration. On the other hand, he empowered regional parallel sites of authority of priests and high priests by distributing some keys freely to others, who also distributed them regionally. The chapter further explores the notion of the Mormon kingdom of God and how the apostolic mythos about Peter, James, and John enabled and maintained a long-lasting Mormon hierarchy. The chapter explores the mythos historically as an evolving narrative, to demonstrate how it came to represent the foundations of Mormon authority.
A Biography of the Ney
Authors: Şenay Banu
Published: September 2020

This chapter traces the key shifts in the ney’s modern history, from its de-legitimization in the early Republican period, its survival in the transitional years of its learning through the master-disciple pedagogic system (meşk), to its re-invigoration in the 1990s. These episodes underline how the meanings informing the ney are context-bound and socially constructed. The chapter also sketches out the incredibly rich sonic landscape of the city of Istanbul with which the ney interacts. Attention is given to the creation and consumption of new forms of ‘Sufi music’, and the popularization of Sufism sponsored by both private and state actors in Turkey, including the implications of these processes on the re-contextualization of the ney as a ‘spiritual sound.’
Conclusion
Authors: Şenay Banu
Published: September 2020

In bringing Musical Ethics to an end, this chapter foregrounds some of the key phenomenological insights that have guided analysis of the embodied participation in ney learning as a lived experience. It summarizes the key modifications – bodily, ethical, affective, sensory, and social – that learners taking up apprenticeship in the ney experience. The following three points are emphasized: first, learning is a transformative event so far as it allows the learner to constitute the entity that is the focus of learning in a new light, thus giving a new meaning to the ‘world.’ Secondly, crafting knowledge emerges from webs of inter-subjective relations. Thirdly, inquiry into learning practices must also recognize the situatedness of educational ‘regimes’ of bodily transformation in larger histories.
A Buzzel about Kantuck
Authors: Strange Jason G.
Published: September 2020

The first of three chapters exploring the history of homesteading in the area around Berea, Kentucky, chapter 2 gives a lively overview of the initial wave of white colonization and Native American displacement in the late 1700s. Because the Wilderness Road and Boonesborough are both within the research area, the life of Daniel Boone is used to illustrate the ways in which--although the labor of colonization was performed by working-class and enslaved people--the project of colonization was controlled by elites, and the land engrossed into vast estates. Despite popular images of this first United States frontier as a space of smallholder independence, the society that was created was aristocratic and defined by exploitation, a theme carried forward through the rest of the book.
Ain’t Nothin’ in Them Books
Authors: Strange Jason G.
Published: September 2020

The first of a three-chapter sequence exploring “cultural division in a capitalist society,” chapter 5 addresses the question--raised by the previous chapter on the back-to-the-land movement--of why some adults in eastern Kentucky are highly literate and book educated, while most are not. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork, the chapter argues that many people experience a kind of “make-believe,” lecture-based schooling that renders them disinterested in reading and book-based learning. Some are raised in literate households, which may offset the limitations of the classroom; most, however, grow up in households with limited literacy and have little opportunity to access this crucial set of educational resources. The chapter recognizes the worth of practical skills and knowledge, while also discussing the real impacts of pedagogical dispossession.
Without a Chief
Authors: Strange Jason G.
Published: September 2020

The epilogue forms a coda to the previous chapter, which argues that contemporary homesteading in eastern Kentucky represents a serious form of activism and resistance to capitalist modernity, even though it does little to change the nature of capitalism itself. The epilogue suggests that homesteading should be seen as a form of anarchism, defined by James Scott as “cooperation without hierarchy or state rule.” The epilogue illustrates that anarchism is a foundational mode of human life--one that remains crucial today even as it is overlooked and eroded--and argues that the intentional practice of anarchism represents an important, capacity-building experience in “lived democracy,” which is too often lacking in our families, schools, churches, governments, and workplaces.
Autochthonomous Ambiguities
Authors: Chancy Myriam J. A.
Published: September 2020

This chapter concludes the study by examining exchanges between African American and Afro-Caribbean contexts, as expressed in Harlem Renaissance texts. Jacques Rancière’s concepts of engaged spectatorship and subject emancipation are used to analyze intra-African Diasporic exchanges in postcolonial contexts. The chapter focuses on works by writers of the Harlem Renaissance with specific attention to their apprehension of Haitian history and folklore as an expression of autochthonomous realities. The chapter argues that what made it possible for Harlem Renaissance writers to identify with cultures and aesthetics produced by other writers and cultures of the African Diaspora was the movement’s professed search and advocacy for an African American sensibility that would birth a “New Negro” not defined by the state, or by a history of subjugation. Works by Zora Neale Hurston and Claude McKay show an impulse that was not one of domination, such as we see reflected in traditional travel texts, but one of af/filiation (as defined in previous chapters).
Anthony Overton’s Early Life
Authors: Weems Robert E.
Published: September 2020

Determining the contours of Anthony Overton’s early life, especially between his sixteenth and thirty-first birthdays, has been complicated by a long-standing dissemination of misinformation. This chapter discusses how much of the literature (including encyclopedia entries, book chapters, newspaper articles, and obituaries) portrays him as someone who experienced success in a wide variety of areas. However, a fact check of Overton’s early life reveals that he experienced considerable failure and disappointment. The evidence suggests that Overton, later in life, created many of the long-standing myths regarding his formative years. Also, it is clear that the young Overton ultimately benefited from his exposure to two mentors: his father Anthony Overton Sr. and Booker T. Washington.
The Woman’s Exponent
Authors: Bennion Sherilyn Cox
Published: September 2020

The Woman’s Exponent, published in Salt Lake City 1872-1914, aimed both to inform and assist Mormon women and to explain and defend them to the outside world. It consistently supported women’s suffrage. This chapter focuses on the Exponent’s strategies to defend both suffrage and the contentious church practice of polygamy through periods when all Utah women voted, when only those not involved in polygamy could vote, and when no Utah woman was allowed to vote. With Emmeline B. Wells, a church women’s leader, as its editor for 37 of its 42 years, the Exponent attempted to cover “every subject interesting and valuable to women,” but suffrage remained a significant goal. The chapter also discusses the Anti-Polygamy Standard, published 1880-83, which opposed suffrage for Mormon women, and Wells’s relationships with national suffrage organizations.
Differently Radical
Authors: Grasso Linda M.
Published: September 2020

This chapter compares two 1915 issues of The Crisis and The Masses that focused on women’s suffrage as a way of identifying similarities, differences, and cross-periodical dialogues between black and white justice-seeking communities, both of which deemed advocating women’s suffrage important to their projects and audiences. The Crisis and The Masses spoke to gender-integrated audiences, included women as editors and contributors, and created public spaces for protest, outrage, and affirmation that countered dominant culture beliefs. Focusing on their words, images, argumentation, and advertisements, this study situates these two special issues in the contexts of debates about women’s suffrage, women’s rights, and feminism, as well as within the fraught conflicts between the nineteenth-century abolitionist and Black freedom movements and the women’s rights movement. Comparing the contents of both issues makes clear that considering race in gendered radicalism and gender in race radicalism are essential when examining suffrage media rhetoric.
Memory, Interrupted
Authors: Kitch Carolyn
Published: September 2020

This study considers how suffrage was remembered and forgotten half a century later in coverage of the second wave of American feminism published by the midcentury’s leading newsmagazines, Time, Newsweek, and Life. In their initial reporting on “the woman problem,” these publications wondered why the achievement of suffrage had not satisfied women’s demands; as the movement gained momentum, however, they declared it not only newsworthy but unprecedented. Contrasting current feminism with the simpler, uncontestable goal of gaining the vote, this revised narrative (briefly) legitimized contemporary protesters while deradicalizing and even sentimentalizing suffragists. Yet in later decades when women ran for top political offices, newsmagazine journalism returned to a tone of surprise at each new “wave” of success. Thus, the longer-term news story of American women’s political activism remains one of a series of unconnected developments rather than one of continuous effort.
Conclusion
Authors: West E. James
Published: September 2020

Ebony’s coverage of the King holiday movement during the mid-1980s overlapped with another significant historical milestone: its own fortieth anniversary. The magazine marked the occasion with a blockbuster special issue in November 1985 that ran to more than 250 pages. Its size and scope provided an emphatic reminder of ...
Between Human and Animal
Authors: Hunt-Kennedy Stefanie
Published: September 2020

Through a close examination of British Caribbean slave laws, this chapter argues that British Caribbean slave law always recognized the humanity of the slave, and the law’s power derived from its ability to see Africans’ humanity and effectively disable it. Slave law suspended Africans and their descendants between the human and the animal through disability-inducing laws. The principle of maternal inheritance was a legal notion that positioned enslaved women as legally equivalent to animals. The slave codes of Barbados and Jamaica disabled enslaved Africans by limiting their mobility, freedom, and autonomy, and by divesting them of political status. The codes encouraged the physical impairment and disfigurement of captives by sanctioning punishments that disabled and disfigured as well as by establishing a culture in which whites could punish captives with impunity in whatever way they desired.
Heritage and Process
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

American spirits distilling grew from European and colonial traditions and the age-old knowledge that grains could be milled into a fine meal, mixed with malted barley, and fermented and distilled into alcohol spirits. Traditional copper alembics, or pot stills, were augmented by innovative vertical column stills to increase production. Traditional lore often attributes Kentucky’s bourbon production to the presence of pure, iron-free limestone water. More likely, early distillers who wished to produce a superior, higher-quality whiskey than that made in the Corn Belt were responsible for Kentucky’s preeminence in the contemporary distilling industry.
Distillery Configurations
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

Early-nineteenth-century farmers and millers were often craft distillers, mashing and fermenting grain meal in wooden barrels before distilling the liquid beer in small, portable copper pot stills. Waterwheels powered the first generation of creek-side mills and distilleries. Wood fueled early steam engines; coal could not be used until road, river, and rail transport improved. Second-generation distilleries, operating from the 1830s to the 1880s, used traditional pot stills, although some adopted new column stills, perfected in Scotland, when they began to mechanize. Old still buildings were often modified with built-on additions to accommodate new machinery. Distillers stored whiskey-filled wooden barrels in stack warehouses to age, placing the barrels on their sides and stacking them in tiers. Industrialization required a larger labor force, often drawn from family members, local residents, or farm youths if the distillery operated in the countryside. By 1880, businesses in Louisville and other river cities were producing steam engines, boilers, and related equipment. Third-generation distilleries operated from the 1880s to 1920; many were high-capacity operations, and their grain and fuel requirements mandated locations near railroad tracks or navigable rivers. Complementary industries such as cooperages, metal fabricators, slaughterhouses, and tanneries were attracted to urban rail-side distilleries. Overproduction by third-generation distillers glutted the market, and the Whiskey Trust was formed to purchase and close distilleries to reduce overall production and increase prices.
Technology’s Tools
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

The evolution from farmer-miller craft distilling to large-scale commercial industrial distilling was abetted by inventions and innovations that were related either directly or indirectly to the distilling process. Some inventions that were directly applicable to the distilling process included the high-capacity column still, developed through several iterations in the 1820s. In 1828 European inventor Aeneas Coffey patented an improved design, and it was later refined by American inventors. Other inventions beneficial to industrial distilling included grain elevators, slop dryers, hoists, and the barrel storage rack developed by Frederick Stitzel. Steam-powered railroads and boats, farm equipment, glass bottle production, and improved grain varieties also influenced distilling. Many inventions required changes in structures or transport and thereby modified the distilling landscape with new forms and placements.
Complementary Industries
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

Kentucky distillers bought white oak barrels from local coopers or established dedicated cooperages near their works. Stills were initially made by self-taught coppersmiths, but highly skilled professional smiths dominated the industrial manufacture of copper distilling equipment. Whiskey was commonly sold in barrels and ceramic jugs; handblown glass bottles were widely used in the patent medicine business but were too expensive for mass-produced alcohol spirits. Michael Owens patented a semiautomatic bottle-making machine in 1895, lowering the cost of glass bottles and standardizing their size and capacity, leading to high-speed automated filling. The mechanization of grain production was abetted by Cyrus McCormick’s reaper and other machines, but corn harvesting was accomplished by hand, and shelling was not automated until the late 1850s. Corn and grain storage structures added new elements to the distilling landscape.
The Elkhorn Distillery’s Demise
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

In 1869 the Elkhorn Distillery produced thousands of barrels of bourbon and rye whiskey that resided in the new brick and iron warehouse. Federal regulations passed in 1868 required Kentucky distillers to pay a tax of $4 per barrel and 50 cents per gallon within one year of production, even though distillers preferred to age their whiskey before putting it on the market. Taxes were due each month in 1869, but the national spirits market was flat, and expenses for quality grain, fuel, labor, and transport continued to mount. Stored whiskey also required insurance. Stone and Shropshire sought credit from suppliers and bridge loans from banks and financiers, some at high interest rates. Wholesalers agreed to buy at reduced prices and to extend credit; others bought warehouse receipts that gave them control of the whiskey as security. Sales were predicated on the buyer paying the taxes due, in addition to the cost of the spirits and transport. Stone and Shropshire dissolved their partnership after four years of operation, and Shropshire began his own wholesaling business. Stone declared bankruptcy in 1873.
The Mutable Nature of War
Authors: Meilinger Phillip S.
Published: September 2020

The third chapter was written after listening to several ground officers and historians argue that the nature of war was unchanging and immutable. One stated that war as experienced by an ancient Greek hoplite was the same as for any soldier today in Iraq or Afghanistan. That statement bears examination. Such attitudes are almost always expressed by those who know only of land warfare—which they equate to war in general. For sailors, aviators, space or cyber warfare practitioners, the experience of war is fundamentally different, especially today. New methods, but also old ones too often ignored, clearly demonstrate that war is indeed mutable.
Starting with a Blank Sheet
Authors: Meilinger Phillip S.
Published: September 2020

Determining principles of war and the mental effort required to articulate them are important for military officers. During a crisis when time is short and there are many demands on our attention, we must simplify and extract general rules from conflicting data points. Principles of War have been espoused for centuries, but the urge to codify such rules took on added impetus in the twentieth century. Today, such principles are considered invaluable learning tools at military schools. Yet, it is time for an update, because those used today were devised a century ago by a soldier who had little or no insight into warfare at sea or in the air. His precepts have survived, largely intact, until the present day. The result has been a distorted view of war. We must begin anew—not to reshape the earlier principles, but to look at modern war and devise new ones that govern the new environment.
Decisive Victories and What They Mean
Authors: Meilinger Phillip S.
Published: September 2020

The subject of decisive victory was another subject that caught my attention while at the Naval War College, where we would ask students to list Napoleon’s decisive victories. The term “decisive” is overused, and too often engagements with only transient strategic significance—despite the number of casualties—were given the term. The number of truly decisive battles throughout history is few. The first step therefore was to define decisive, and the key was to identify victories having long-term significance. After defining the term, listed are what in my view are the Top Eleven throughout history.
Time in War
Authors: Meilinger Phillip S.
Published: September 2020

The use of time, or timing, in war has always been of crucial importance—great commanders have understood the critical nature of time on the battlefield. It fits here by reflecting a major factor in war that has long been recognized but seldom achieved. The notion of how to telescope time was a quest for greater speed and of achieving physical and psychological surprise and shock. In modern terms, these were force multipliers. It also appears that conquering time is best suited to the rapidity, flexibility, and omniscience of air and space power, and therefore leads to the future of war. Given are several battles throughout history, both on land and in the air, that illustrate the critical nature of time.
Analysis, Intelligence, and Targeting in Strategic Air Operations
Authors: Meilinger Phillip S.
Published: September 2020

This chapter recounts the history of Operations Research, intelligence, and their effects on the strategic bombing campaigns of World War II and beyond. Airmen use different weapons employed against different targets to achieve different results than do soldiers or sailors. These necessary differences—the result of the mediums in which they operate—are characterized by airmen’s attempts to most effectively and efficiently injure Nazi Germany and Japan. Few situations better illustrate how the services employ different prisms through which to view war, which in turn shapes their strategic thought. Airmen confronted questions on what targets should be struck and how this could be done most effectively. Operations Research was established as a scientific discipline to address these types of questions. Unfortunately, neither the intelligence apparatus nor the technology necessary to measure the effects of air attacks were available, nor was the analytical framework then in place to allow proper measurement. These breakthroughs did not occur until the 1990s.
Summation
Authors: Meilinger Phillip S.
Published: September 2020

The final chapter is an overview of the entire book, which leads to a new paradigm of war. Starting with a past overemphasis on bloody battle inherited from Clausewitz, it then proceeds through discussions of various methods to avoid such battles, to capitalize on speed and surprise, to reflect individual service and national cultures, and to capitalize on new technologies and doctrines. These varied factors suggest alternatives that emphasize the importance of speed, surprise, precision, and the limitation of risk.
Conclusion
Authors: Fredette Allison Dorothy
Published: September 2020

During the hot summer months of the nation’s centennial, thirty-three-year-old Semantha Morgan, of Poca, West Virginia, faced a grave peril. Recently married to John Morgan Jr., she was now pregnant with their first child and very much feared the dangers of childbirth. Though she filled her letters to John with love and affection, she also drifted frequently into melancholy and gloom, warning him that she might not be with him much longer. By August, “owing to the uncertainty of life at any time and the peculiar danger” she would soon face, Semantha drew up a will and sent it to John. She admitted that she had few belongings but instructed him to dispose of them carefully to her friends and family. She also demanded that he keep her Bible and “continue to read it, for my sake, and make an effort to believe it.” Should their baby survive, Semantha asked that the child be educated by certain teachers and be given the opportunity to cultivate artistic talent. Finally, she gave John permission to remarry if he found a woman who would “make [him] happy.” She ended the document simply, “My Dear Husband you have made me very happy. All is well.”...
The KFC Yum! Center
Authors: Host Jim , Moyen Eric A.
Published: September 2020

Host resigned his cabinet position in 2005 but agreed to continue as chair of the Louisville Arena Task Force (LATF). Its members agreed that Louisville needed a new arena but disagreed on the location. “Papa” John Schnatter, University of Louisville athletic director Tom Jurich, and Mayor Jerry Abramson all held strong opinions about the best site. The LATF eventually selected a riverfront location, with Schnatter casting the lone dissenting vote. Host then became chair of the Louisville Arena Authority (LAA), working with Louisville civil rights leaders to ensure that minorities were hired on the construction project and overseeing an extremely complex bond issue. Host and the LAA guided the construction project through to completion, and the KFC Yum! Center opened in 2010. Financing of the arena faced some initial criticism, but fears of default have proved to be unfounded. The KFC Yum! Center provides Kentucky with one of the best venues for sports and entertainment in the country.
Cross-Culture Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Duke Health Profile
Authors: Novin Mohammad Hassan , Farzadfar Farshad , Pashaei Tahereh , Razaghi Emran
Published: September 2020

Background: Duke health profile (DHP) is a 17-item questionnaire that measures six health scales (physical, mental, social, general, perceptual, and self-confidence) and four dysfunction scales of anxiety, depression, pain, and disability. Objectives: To systematically translate DHP to Persian language and measure the validity and reliability of the translated version. Methods: We used the forward-backward method for translation of DHP from English to Persian. After linguistic matching and pilot review, a cross-sectional study was carried out on 239 individuals aged over 18 to measure the psychometric characteristics of the Persian version of DHP. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest analysis. Content validity, face validity, and construct validity were evaluated by an expert panel, interviewing a sample of the general population, and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Results: Item content validity indexes (I-CVI) for relevance and clarity were between 88 and 100. Scale content validity index (S-CVI) for relevance and clarity were 96% and 94%, respectively. The calculated item content validity ratio (I-CVR) was between 0.78 and 1.0. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the data fit the model, and the indicators of fitness were acceptable. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.77 for the total tool and varied between 0.47 and 0.69 for different subscales. The reliability of the test-retest was 0.64 - 0.88, which was good after two weeks. Conclusions: The Persian version of DHP is a valid and reliable tool for measuring health profile.
Is the Institution of Private Property Part of the Natural Law? Ius gentium and ius naturale in Aquinas’s Account of the Right to “Steal” When in Urgent Need
Authors: Feingold Francis ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

Is the institution of private property part of the natural law? Leo XIII seems to say simply that it is, and many modern Catholic thinkers have followed suit. Aquinas presents a more nuanced view. On the one hand, he denies that the institution of private property is “natural” in the strict sense—unlike the ordering of physical goods to general human use. On the other hand, he maintains that private property does belong to the ius gentium, which is founded directly upon natural law in the strict sense. I argue that this relegation of private property to the ius gentium is necessary in order for Aquinas to coherently maintain that it is licit to “steal” when in dire need, but that this relegation nonetheless does not deprive private property of the kind of “natural” character which Leo XIII ascribes to it.
Is Personal Dignity Possible Only If We Live in a Cosmos?
Authors: Brungardt John G. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

The Catholic Church has increasingly invoked the principle of human dignity as a way to spread the message of the Gospel in the modern world. Catholic philosophers must therefore defend this principle in service to Catholic theology. One aspect of this defense is how the human person relates to the universe. Is human dignity of a piece with the material universe in which we find ourselves? Or is our dignity alien in kind to such a whole? Or does the truth lie somewhere in between? The metaphysics of creation properly locates the human being in the universe as a part, ordered to the universe’s common good of order and ultimately to God. Human dignity is possible only in a cosmos; that this is concordant with modern scientific cosmology is briefly defended in the conclusion.
Metaethical Mooreanism and Evolutionary Debunking
Authors: Fuqua Jonathan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

In this paper I will apply the Moorean response to external world skepticism to moral skepticism, specifically to the evolutionary debunking argument against morality. I begin, in section 1, with a discussion of Mooreanism. In section 2, I proceed to a discussion of metaethical Mooreanism, which is the view that some moral facts are Moorean facts. In section 3 I apply metaethical Mooreanism to the evolutionary debunking argument against morality. If the arguments of the paper hold up it will turn out that it is no more rational to abandon the existence of moral facts than it is to deny that one knows that one has hands.
Self-Radicalized Western Salafi-Jihadis and Hilltop Youth in the West Bank
Authors: Alshech Eli , Hasisi Badi , Perry Simon ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

This article compares the ideology of Hilltop Youth in Judea and Samaria to that of Salafi-Jihadis in the West. It first demonstrates that there are significant and far-reaching similarities between the two groups’ world views. It then explains why, despite profound ideological similarities, there are vast differences in the type of violent acts each group commits. The Hilltop Youth primarily commit acts of vandalism with few deliberate murders, while the Salafi-Jihadis in the West engage mainly in acts of murder. The article suggests that countervailing precepts within the Hilltop Youth’s religious thought currently may create a normative balance that restrains their violent conduct, specifically against their co-religionists. This normative balance accounts for the contemporary difference between their violent acts and those of Salafi-Jihadis in the West. As the article suggests, however, this normative balance has been recently challenged by Hilltop Youth who offered innovative legal interpretations that could pave legal way for specifically intra-Jewish violence.
Changes in the level of interleukin-4 and interleukin-6 in response to angioprotective therapy in children with severe birth asphyxia
Authors: Ovčarenko Sergej , Danilova Viktorija , Kalnicka Violeta
Published: September 2020

Objective. The development of clinical and laboratory criteria for diagnosis of systemic inflammatory response significantly expanded the use of this concept in clinical practice. The correlation between the levels of antiinflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines is an important aspect in regulation of systemic inflammatory response. Treatment of systemic inflammatory response includes three main links: effect on the levels of endotoxin, cytokines and the state of endothelium. Currently there is no unified approach to the solution of this problem, which determines the relevance of the topic. The aim of the research was to study the efficacy of the deproteinized hemodialysate from the newborn calf blood in systemic inflammatory response in newborns with severe asphyxia at birth. Methods. The study involved examination of 16 newborns with severe asphyxia at birth, who received a drug as part of standard therapy from the first day of the disease at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg. The study implied a follow-up assessment of interleukin-4 and interleukin-6 levels. Sign test and Wilcoxon test were used for paired samples; Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney tests were used for non-paired samples. To investigate the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable we used Kruskal-Wallis and median tests as nonparametric analogs of the variance analysis. Results. Deproteinized hemodialysate derived from the newborn calf blood is a vasoprotector and is a combination of a number of physiologically active ingredients. They stimulate oxygen utilization by tissues in hypoxic conditions, enhancing glucose transport through biological membranes, intensifying intracellular adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and increasing the proportion of aerobic glycolysis. Conclusion. Administration of deproteinized hemodialysate from the newborn calf blood in the treatment of systemic inflammatory response in newborns with severe asphyxia at birth exerts influence on biochemical pattern of systemic inflammatory response by reducing inflammation and reducing synthesis of cytokines.
Drenagem linfática no pós-operatório em lipoaspiração
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Euzivane , Dos Santos Lima Marizete
Published: September 2020

A Lipoaspiração realizada para procedimentos estéticos tem o objetivo de melhorar a forma e eliminar as gorduras localizadas que são difíceis de serem removidas apenas com treinos e dieta, não é indicada para perde peso, sendo assim é indicada para indivíduos que se encontram próximo do seu peso ideal. Nas últimas três décadas, a lipoaspiração vem sendo aperfeiçoada, porém, como qualquer procedimento cirúrgico, não é isenta de complicações. A lipoaspiração consiste na remoção cirúrgica de gordura subcutânea, realizada por meio de cânulas submetidas a uma pressão negativa e introduzida por pequenas incisões na pele, pode ser considerada um dos maiores avanços dos últimos tempos, sendo hoje em dia, um dos procedimentos mias utilizados para que se consiga o corpo considerado perfeito. Mas para alcançar um resultado estético mais satisfatório, é necessária uma preocupação com os cuidados do pré e pós-operatório, acelerando a recuperação e prevenindo complicações mais comuns.
Grundtvig-litteratur 1955. En bibliografisk oversigt
Authors: Johansen Steen
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig literature 1955. A bibliographical overviewBy Steen Johansen
Hal Koch: N. F. S. Grundtvig. 2. udgave
Authors: Høirup Henning
Published: September 2020

Hal Koch: N. F. S. Grundtvig. Second edition
Beretning om Grundtvig-selskabets virksomhed
Authors: Høirup Henning
Published: September 2020

Report on the Grundtvig Society's companyBy Henning Høirup
Beretning om Grundtvig-Selskabets virksomhed
Authors: Høirup Henning
Published: September 2020

Report on the Grundtvig Society's company By Henning Høirup
Beretning om Grundtvig-Selskabets virksomhed 1971—72
Authors: Høirup Henning
Published: September 2020

Report on the Grundtvig Society's company 1971-72By Henning Høirup
The Folk High Schools, their Role and Activity today
Authors: Rørdam Thomas
Published: September 2020

Folkehøjskolerne, deres rolle og aktivitet idagAf Thomas Rørdam
Skrifter udgivet af Grundtvig-Selskabet
Authors: Michelsen William , Albeck Gustav
Published: September 2020

Works published by the Grundtvig Society
Forord
Authors: Thodberg Christian
Published: September 2020

For the Sake of Continuity Words and Motifs in Grundtvig’s Hymns and Sermons - Introductionby Christian ThodbergThe majority of the papers in this book have been written between 1975 and 1977 as special studies at the Institute of Practical Theology in connection with a course on Grundtvig’s hymns and sermons. The starting-point was Christian Thodberg’s previous studies on the fixed correlation between word and motif in Grundtvig - patterns which appear with such deliberateness and regularity that numerous words and concepts in Grundtvig are coloured by way of result and acquire a particular meaning purely from their context. This is apparent in the role that a major structure such as the baptism ritual plays. But it is equally true of the smaller structures, for example the regular linking of individual words to such words as hearty hope, peace, mouth, ear, etc. As a ‘catalogue’ for our first term’s work we used the hymn Lyksaligt det folk, der har øre for klang (.Blessed is the people with an ear for sound).We chose the hymns as our first area of research because they contain the most explicit form of words and concepts for the purpose. But the fixed connection between sermon and hymn in Grundtvig led of its own accord to an inclusion of the sermons - both those published and in particular those unpublished. It is in the sermons that Grundtvig stubbornly and diligently formulated his concepts, and it is in this connection that the hymns are time and again the crowning glory.By concentrating on central words that appear with definite regularity we have aimed at reaching a clearer definition of a particular word or concept in Grundtvig s context and on Grundtvigs premises. It has been interesting to observe that particular wordpatterns are only built up gradually, thus opening up the possibility of pointing out lines of development hitherto overlooked.
Grundtvig-litteratur 1974-1979
Authors: Jørgensen Aage
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig literature 1974-1979. A bibliographical overviewBy Aage Jørgensen
Videnskab og hverdagssprog. Grundtvigs betragtning af modersmålet i teori og praksis, belyst ved hans afhandling Om Ordsprog
Authors: Schmidt Bodil
Published: September 2020

Science and everyday language. Grundtvig’s View of his Native Tongue in Theory and in Practice. As Illustrated by his Article - Om Ordsprog (On Proverbs) 1817By Bodil SchmidtPreserved in the Grundtvig archives are several collections in Grundtvig’s own handwriting of proverbs and popular sayings. In his magazine - Dannevirke - he argued for the preservation of this treasure of Danish proverbs, and urged his readers to assist in their collection.In his demand for a strengthening of the native tongue, Grundtvig was at one with his contemporary romantic poets and philosophers. His article argues for the originality of the Danish language and at the same time protests against the theories that it descends from Icelandic or German. Since his aim is practical, Grundtvig’s article is written in a less philosophical and polemical language than most of the other articles in the magazine. After a lengthy introduction criticising the position of poetry in the 18th century, Grundtvig defines the concept of “proverb” and lists the areas in which proverbs are of importance: language, morals, poetry, history. He follows this with a detailed guide as to how they could be collected. He makes the point, amongst others, that proverbs are useful in the translation of the ancient chronicles of Saxo and Snorre, which he was currently working on. He declares that the aim of his scientific efforts was to protect and enrich the Danish language so that it was qualified to re-awaken the Danish national spirit.A comparison of certain quotations with the common themes of Grundtvig and his colleague in the field, Christian Molbech, shows a marked difference in linguistic style. Where Grundtvig’s language is living, popular and concrete, Molbech’s is academic, stiff and abstract. The quotations included also reveal a decisive difference in the two writers’ view of the people and in their understanding of what the spirit of the people (folkelighed) actually is. Molbech regards “the rough peasant” as a natural creature with no real consciousness and therefore one whom there is no point in trying to enlighten, whereas Grundtvig believes that though the people may be idle and apathetic, they can and must be re-awakened.According to the author of the article there is a parallel between Grundtvig’s attack on the contemporary language of philosophy and our current debate on language being defined politically or ideologically. For Grundtvig, it was obvious that whoever wishes to be understood should use clear and unambiguous language, as close to everyday language as possible. The author asks why, in spite of the advances of science, democratic Denmark should accept that contemporary philosophers, theologians, sociologists and humanists employ a language that we only half understand. Do the Danes still doubt their basic common sense to distinguish between what is true and false? She quotes the proverb: All that glitters is not gold.
Grundtvig-litteratur 1979-1983
Authors: Jørgensen Aage
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig literature 1979-1983. A bibliographical overviewBy Aage Jørgensen
Clara
Authors: Grundtvig N. F. S.
Published: September 2020

ClaraBy N. F. S. GrundtvigGrundtvig published this poem in his periodical The Dane on November 8th 1848. It is reprinted here as it appeared in the original edition. Clara is a description of his meeting with a woman in a foreign country, whom he met once only but who according to another poem, The Little Ladies, inspired much of his later poetry. Her importance for Grundtvig has been described in detail by Kaj Thaning in his thesis, Man First - (1963, see esp. pp. 220-31) An earlier treatment is by J. P. Bang in Grundtvig and England (1932 pp. 62-83).
Indholdsoversigt og registre over Grundtvig-Studier 1968-1987
Authors: Albeck Gustav
Published: September 2020

Table of contents and registers of Grundtvig-Studies 1968-1987By Gustav Albeck
Den grundtvigske arv på Færøerne
Authors: Rasmussen Peter Martin
Published: September 2020

The Heritage from Grundtvig on the Faroe IslandsBy Peter M. RasmussenIn the Middle Ages Faroese is a cultural language on a level with the other Nordic languages, but is pushed back in favour of Danish from around 1400. In 1899 a national movement arose, whose primary purpose was to restore the position of the mother tongue as a cultural language.In 1845 N.F.S. Grundtvig wrote a poem about the fate of the Faroese language being suppressed by Danish, and in the Danish Parliament he spoke about Faroese independence. It was Grundtvig and his son Sven who were the first to voice the idea that Faroese was to regain its position as school and church language.N.F.S. Grundtvig became of importance to the national movement through the creator of the Faroese written language, V.U. Hammershaimb, and through his son, Sven Grundtvig, and furthermore through Grundtvigian high schools in Denmark and the Faroe Islands.