bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detour-phased perovskite ultrathin planar lens using direct femtosecond laser writing
Authors: Yang Wenkai , Liu Lige , Dong Dashan , Zhang Xin , Lin Han , Wang Yunkun , Yang Hong , Gao Yunan , Zhong Haizheng , Jia Baohua , Shi Kebin
Published: October 2022

Perovskite-enabled optical devices have drawn intensive interest and have been considered promising candidates for integrated optoelectronic systems. As one of the important photonic functions, optical phase modulation previously was demonstrated with perovskite substrate and complex refractive index engineering with laser scribing. Here we report on the new scheme of achieving efficient phase modulation by combining detour phase design with 40 nm ultrathin perovskite films composed of nanosized crystalline particles. Phase modulation was realized by binary amplitude patterning, which significantly simplifies the fabrication process. Perovskite nanocrystal films exhibit significantly weak ion migration effects under femtosecond laser writing, resulting in smooth edges along the laser ablated area and high diffractive optical quality. Fabrication of a detour-phased perovskite ultrathin planar lens with a diameter of 150 μm using femtosecond laser scribing was experimentally demonstrated. A high-performance 3D focus was observed, and the fabrication showed a high tolerance with different laser writing powers. Furthermore, the high-quality imaging capability of perovskite ultrathin planar lenses with a suppressed background was also demonstrated.
On the surface or down below: Field observations reveal a high degree of surface activity in a burrowing crayfish, the Little Brown Mudbug (Lacunicambarus thomai)
Authors: Diehl Kaine M. , Storer Nicoleena M. , Wells Hogan D. , Davis Destinee A. , Loughman Zachary J. , Graham Zackary A.
Published: October 2022

Opposed to most crayfish species that inhabit permanent bodies of water, a unique burrowing lifestyle has evolved several times throughout the crayfish phylogeny. Burrowing crayfish are considered to be semi-terrestrial, as they burrow to the groundwater—creating complex burrows that occasionally reach 3 m in depth. Because burrowing crayfishes spend most of their lives within their burrow, we lack a basic understanding of the behavior and natural history of these species. However, recent work suggests that burrowing crayfishes may exhibit a higher level of surface activity than previously thought. In the current study, we conducted a behavioral study of the Little Brown Mudbug, Lacunicambarus thomai using video surveillance to determine their degree of surface activity and behavioral patterns. Throughout 664 hrs of footage, we observed a surprisingly high amount of activity at the surface of their burrows—both during the day and night. The percentage of time that individual crayfish was observed at the surface ranged from 21% to 69% per individual, with an average of 42.48% of the time spent at the surface across all crayfish. Additionally, we created an ethogram based on six observed behaviors and found that each behavior had a strong circadian effect. For example, we only observed a single observation of foraging on vegetation during the day, whereas 270 observations of this behavior were documented at night. Overall, our results suggest that burrowing crayfishes may exhibit higher levels of surface activity than previously thought. To increase our understanding of burrowing crayfish behaviors ecology, we encourage the continued use of video-recorded observations in the field and the laboratory.
Improving Syrian refugees’ knowledge of medications and adherence following a randomized control trial assessing the effect of a medication management review service
Authors: Alalawneh Majdoleen , Berardi Alberto , Nuaimi Nabeel , Basheti Iman A.
Published: October 2022

Background

Syrian refugees living in Jordan have many chronic conditions and use many medications. Pharmacists delivering the Medication Management Review (MMR) service can have a role in improving this growing global refugees’ problem.

Objectives

To assess the effect of the MMR service on adherence to treatment therapy and knowledge of chronic medications for Syrian refugees residing in Jordan.

Methods

This randomized intervention control single-blinded study was conducted in Jordan. Syrian refugees were recruited and randomized into intervention and control groups. Two home visits were delivered to each participant, at baseline and three months later. All participants completed questionnaires regarding adherence and knowledge. As a part of the MMR service, treatment-related problems (TRPs) were recognized for all patients; recommendations to resolve these TRPs were only delivered to intervention group refugees’ physicians; TRPs were corrected. At follow-up, TRPs assessment, adherence and medication knowledge were assessed for all refugee participants.

Results

Participants (n = 106; intervention n = 53, control n = 53) had a number of medications and diagnosed chronic diseases of 5.8 ± 2.1 and 2.97 ± 1.16 per participant respectively. A significant improvement in the adherence and knowledge scores were noted in the intervention (P < 0.001 for both) but not the control group (P = 0.229, P = 0.07 respectively).

Conclusion

The MMR service can significantly improve refugees’ TRPs, adherence to therapy and knowledge of chronic medications. If this approach was extended to the large scale, many refugees in need would be able to access a quality essential health-care service; a step towards achieving universal health coverage.

Trial registration

Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04554810.
Lathagrium latzelii (Collemataceae) – a new lichen record to Russia from the south of Far East
Authors: Makryi Tatyana V. , Skirina Irina F.
Published: October 2022

The description and location of the new to Russia lichen record Lathagrium latzelii collected in the Jewish Autonomous Region on the Sutar Range are given in the article. The ecology of this rare species is discussed, as well as the peculiarities of its range, which consists of two isolated areas, the Atlantic coastal region and the Pacific coastal region. L. latzelii is compared with L. fuscovirens and Collema flaccidum, which the species may be confused with. Lathagrium fuscovirens (With.) Otálora, P. M. Jørg. is excluded from the list of lichenoflora of the Far East.
한국어 복수 표지 ‘-들’ 사용에 대한 언어 습득 연구 —중국인 고급 학습자의 명사 복수 표지를 중심으로—
Authors:   The Society Of Modern Grammar, Kim Soyoung
Published: October 2022

Soyoung Kim. 2022. The Study on the Acquisition of the Korean Plural Marker -Tul—Based on Noun Plural Marking by Chinese L2 Learners of Korean. Studies in Modern Grammar 115, 159-185. Korean plural marking on nouns exhibits less restriction in realization than the Chinese one. The Korean plural marker -tul can be attached not only to nouns denoting an inanimate object or abstract notion but also to generic or proper nouns, which its corresponding plural marker ‘们’ in Chinese cannot. The study investigates the acquisition of Korean plural marking on four types of nouns such as inanimate nouns, abstract nouns, generic nouns and proper nouns by Chinese L2 learners of Korean. By employing a multiple-choice task, thirty Chinese learners with high Korean proficiency level as well as thirty Korean adult native speakers were instructed to read a context that introduces plural entities and then choose an appropriate noun plural marking to refer to them among the three choices such as a noun without -tul, a noun with -tul and both of the forms possible. As a result, both of the participant groups had in common attaching –tul to generic nouns the most and abstract nouns the least. However, Korean adults strongly preferred to use a plural noun regardless of the noun types whereas Chinese learners demonstrated different plural marking depending on them. The findings are discussed in terms of L1 transfer and methodological issues.
Ecological representativeness and total area protected by natural reserves in Ceará State, Brazil
Authors: Gomes Francisco Vladimir Silva , Santos Ana Maria Ferreira , Guerra Renan Gonçalves Pinheiro , Queiroz Liana Rodrigues , Menezes Marcelo Oliveira Teles , Moro Marcelo Freire
Published: October 2022

Among the targets of the Aichi Accord, of which Brazil was a signatory, was the commitment to protect at least 17% of its terrestrial and continental waters and 10% of all marine and coastal areas by 2020. When the target window closed, Brazil had 30% of those projected continental and 27% of the marine areas protected. Those areas, however, are unevenly distributed throughout the country, with the Amazon region exceeding 30% of the projected protection, while only approximately 8% of the Caatinga region has been considered. In this study, we computed the coverage of 98 designated Conservation Areas (CAs) and an ecological corridor in Ceará State (CE) and evaluated their distributions among that state’s various natural environments. Our results indicated that 92.6% % of the total officially protected areas corresponded to Uso Sustentável categories (US), which means sustainable use in English ,largely distributed among ecosystems outside the Caatinga domain, including coastal areas and humid and sub-humid enclaves. Those CAs contain rich bio-and geo-diversities of significant socioeconomic interest, although they do little to protect caatinga vegetation –the predominant ecosystem in the state. Additionally, the predominance of US CAs provide limited legal safeguards to biodiversity, especially among those CAs with low levels of legal protection, such as the category of Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA), which means Environmental Protection Areas in English , which account for the greatest coverage in the state. We conclude that the spatial configuration of state CAs is distant from ideal in terms of their extensions and representativeness, with few areas of protected caatinga vegetation and limited areas with full protection.
Studies on Gullies: an evaluation of Brazilian scientific production (2009/2019)
Authors: Pereira Juliana Sousa , Rodrigues Silvio Carlos
Published: October 2022

Bibliometrics makes it possible to observe the state of science through academic records. It consists of a fundamental investigation of the production of analytical studies in a determined area of knowledge. This study aimed to provide a profile of the panorama of scientific production in soil erosion by gullies based on the abstracts of theses and dissertations published by researchers in Brazil, in order to identify the institutional actors and contribute to the construction of a solid database able to provide support for future investigations. A total of 127 studies published in the period from 2009 to 2019 were analyzed using the Banco de Teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Theses Database of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) (CAPES). Iramuteq software was used as a textual analysis tool, this being an important resource in the bibliometric study. The results show that the greatest number of thesis and dissertation defenses occurred from 2016 to 2018. There was a predominance of the local scale observed over other scales in all surveys. Geographic science graduate programs are responsible for the largest academic production, corresponding to 47.2% of all publications in the adopted time frame. The Southeast region has the largest number of universities and, consequently, the largest number of tutors of studies focused on the abovementioned theme. It is important to emphasize the importance of the role of institutions in the evolution of science, which is underpinned by the multiplicity of works produced.
Evaluation of friction losses in textured hydrodynamic tribo-units of piston machines. Part 2. Parametric studies of the ice connecting rod bearing.
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Gavrilov K.V. , Hudyakov V.S. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

One of the ways to reduce frictional losses is to use texturing of the friction surface. The use of texturing affects the formation of cavitation and turbulence zones, which is a poorly studied aspect in the modern literature. The texturing of the crankshaft liners can be in the form of elliptical microwells of various sizes. The previous part was devoted to the description of the methodology for modeling the hydrodynamic losses in the lubricating layer taking into account the phenomena of cavitation and turbulence and the analysis of scientific sources. The parameter of the dimensionless distance to the wall y+ is considered in detail, as well as its influence on the calculation of the values of shear stresses using modern numerical methods. This paper presents the results of modeling the lubricant layer in connecting rod bearings with different types of liner surface texturing, at different loads. The initial data for modeling are based on experimental results. The calculations were carried out in the commercial software package ANSYS Fluent and software developed by the authors. The data obtained indicate a positive effect of the texturing of the connecting rod bearing friction surface on its hydromechanical characteristics with the correct selection of the texture geometric parameters, which in turn requires optimization and parametric studies. The values of the saturated vapor fraction depend on both the load value and the type of texturing. The purpose of this article is to assess the effect of texturing on the hydromechanical characteristics of a connecting rod bearing.
Diagnostics of the gas distribution mechanism based on the control of vibration vibrations of its elements.
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Gritsenko A.V. , Shepelev V.D. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Burtsev A.Yu. ,   Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev, Belovo, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

The operability and efficiency of the engines significantly depend on the periodic diagnostics of their technical condition. Currently, vibration-based damage detection (measurement of vibration characteristics of structures and mechanisms) is a promising area of research activity. The features of monitoring and diagnostics of internal combustion engines using vibroacoustic analysis are considered. In the article a method has been developed for determining the main malfunctions of the gas distribution mechanism (tightness of the valve-seat coupling, thermal gap in the valve actuator, valve opening and closing phases), consisting in measuring and analyzing vibroacoustic pulses caused by the operation of individual engine elements. The maximum amplitude (peak) and the moment of occurrence of vibration pulses are used as signal parameters. A vibration pulse from the impact of the piston on the elastic tip placed in the combustion chamber is taken as the reference signal of the TDC of the piston of the cylinder under study. The speed of rotation of the crankshaft up to 600 min-1 (does not exceed the frequency of scrolling by the starter) does not lead to the appearance of dangerous stresses in any of the elements of the engine and the device. At the same time, the tip made of Bflex plastic, as the most malleable element, can be repeatedly used. To ensure a trouble-free diagnostic process, calculations were carried out using the software – Solid Works Simulation and the finite element method (FEM) built into it. To calculate the stresses, the solver finds the displacements at each node, and then calculates the deformations and the final stress. As a result of the study, the proposed diagnostic method allows to achieve an accuracy of up to 96 %
Digital twin with a high-speed tracked vehicle with an onboard hydrostatic turning mechanism
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Alyabiev1 V.A. , Kondakov S.V. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Malakhovetsky A.A. ,   Omsk Armored Engineering Institute, Omsk, Russian Federation, Pavlovskaya O.O. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Rastrygin S.A. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Cherepanov S.I. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the processes occurring in the transmission and turning mechanism of the high-speed tractor with the original structure of the gear and turning mechanism (GTM). The traditional design of the gear-lever double-flow GTM is supplemented by three hydraulic machines connected by two hydraulic lines. This allowed the tractor to implement any turning radius from a straight line to a turn in place around the center of gravity. A mathematical model (digital twin) of a high-speed caterpillar tractor has been developed, with the help of which it was possible to select the parameters of the tractor automatic traffic control system, which ensures that the vehicle passes a serpentine-type track in fourth gear at a speed of 34 km/h, which is unattainable with the traditional GTM of this machine. The indicators of controllability of the tractor movement near the skid boundary are analyzed. It is shown that the turn of a high-speed tracked vehicle at the drift boundary is very attractive from an energy point of view. Turning due to inertial forces significantly unloads the internal combustion engine, and ultimately reduces fuel consumption. The difficulty lies in driving the car at the edge of the skid. The article shows that the servo control system successfully solves this problem. Information about the curvature of the track, which can be formed by GPS navigation or reference points on the ground, was used as a setting signal. The result of the study is graphs of changes in the hydrostatic transmission pump control parameter, pressure in the hydrostatic transmission lines, rotational speeds of the driving wheels, the displacement of the pole of rotation, which characterizes the degree of approach to the skid boundary, and the movement trajectory in Cartesian coordinates
Dynamics of the aircraft with the system of displacement of the center of mass
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Mikhailov E.A. , Fedorov V.B ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

For modern aircraft of axisymmetric shape, including lander, aeroballistic vehicles, an important condition for regular operation is the absence of asymmetries of various kinds, provided that they were not intentionally introduced during the design and production of the structure. Asymmetries caused by changes in the shapes of the outer surface lead to changes in the massinertial characteristics of the vehicles, displacement of the center of mass, the appearance of centrifugal moments of inertia, the appearance of aerodynamic moments. All this can lead to a deviation of the flight path of the aircraft from the nominal trajectory, to an increase in the loads acting on the structure, due to an increase in the angle of attack, the magnitude of aerodynamic forces and overloads. In addition, asymmetries can lead to resonant phenomena in the process of movement. The paper presents a mathematical model of the motion of an aircraft in the atmosphere, which allows taking into account the displacement of the center of mass, dynamic imbalance and aerodynamic asymmetry. The influence of the displacement of the center of mass, the influence of aerodynamic moments leading to aerodynamic asymmetry on the movement of aircraft without spin stabilization and with spin stabilization has been studied. A law is proposed for displacement of the center of mass of an aircraft in order to create lifting force components, both for correcting disturbances caused by asymmetries, and for spatial maneuvering, which allows smoothly changing the angle of attack and setting the vehicle in the equilibrium position. By numerical simulation of the motion of an aircraft with spin stabilization, the effectiveness of using the displacement of the center of mass to reduce the components of accelerations, angular velocities of rotation and angle of attack is shown.
Examining the physicochemical and operational properties of the LPG fuel with an additional of light aliphatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Chłopek Zdzisław , Biedrzycki Jacek , Wójcik Piotr , Bukrejewski Paweł , Skolniak Marta , Wysoczarski Dariusz
Published: October 2022

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań porównawczych paliwa LPG (ang. Liquefied Petroleum Gas – skroplony gaz ropopochodny) oraz paliwa LPG z dwoma rodzajami dodatków lekkich węglowodorów alifatycznych, przede wszystkim metanu. Badania wykonywano ze względu na właściwości fizykochemiczne paliw zgodnie z normą PN-EN 589 oraz ze względu na właściwości użytkowe samochodu zasilanego badanymi paliwami. Podstawowym celem badań była ocena, w jakim stopniu jest dopuszczalny udział lekkich węglowodorów alifatycznych, przede wszystkim metanu, w paliwie LPG, którego podstawowymi składnikami są alkany lub alkeny C3 i C4. Dodatek lekkich węglowodorów alifatycznych do LPG może mieć istotne znaczenia dla właściwości paliwa przede wszystkim z powodu dużej prężności ich pary nasyconej. Skład paliw wyznaczono metodą chromatografii gazowej. Dodatek metanu w paliwach badawczych wynosił 0,1% m/m7 i 0,2% m/m, a etanu 0,2% m/m. Paliwa spełniały wymagania normy PN-EN 589. Właściwości eksploatacyjne samochodu badano na hamowni podwoziowej. Nie stwierdzono niekorzystnych właściwości dodatku lekkich węglowodorów alifatycznych do paliwa LPG ze względu na moc użyteczną silnika oraz ze względu na emisję zanieczyszczeń.
Analysis of kinematics and dynamics of the vehicle drive system with a parallel power flow transmission
Authors: Pawelski Zbigniew
Published: October 2022

W artykule przedstawiono metodę pozwalającą przeprowadzić analizę układu napędowego ze złożoną przekładnią z równoległym przepływem mocy, już na etapie projektu. Istotą tej metody jest wyznaczenie wartości dwóch charakterystycznych przełożeń i1 oraz i2 układu złożonego, przy których moc przenoszona przez przekładnię bezstopniową zmienia znak, tzw. „moc zerowa”. Przełożenia te określają przebieg mocy w całym zakresie regulacji przełożenia od i1 do i2, a tym samym również przebieg prędkości i momentów obrotowych na wejściu i wyjściu z przekładni bezstopniowej. Możliwy jest więc dobór struktury przekładni złożonej tak, aby obciążenia podzespołów przekładni bezstopniowej nie przekraczały wartości dopuszczalnych i były utrzymane w założonych granicach.

Przykładowo, posługując się tą metodą przeprowadzono analizę układów napędowych czterech skrzyń z równoległym przepływem mocy, spotykanych obecnie w Polsce i tak: w autobusach miejskich – skrzynia DIWA firmy Voith, EV Drive firmy Allison, prototyp PŁ oraz w samochodzie osobowym – Toyota-Prius czy Lexus.

Ponadto własności układów równoległych uzupełniono analizą rozwiązań z przekładnią cierną CVT jako bezstopniową oraz z konwencjonalną skrzynią biegów.
Proposed method of checking the braking efficiency coefficient for motor vehicles with hydraulic braking systems
Authors: Gajek Andrzej
Published: October 2022

W artykule przedstawiono zmodyfikowaną metodę oceny skuteczności hamowania samochodów badanych na stanowiskach rolkowych, obciążonych ładunkiem o masie mniejszej od dopuszczalnej. Dla samochodów nie posiadających czujnika ciśnienia w układzie hamulcowym zaproponowano modyfikację dotychczasowej metody interpolacji wyników pomiarów. Dla samochodów z układem ESP, posiadających wbudowany czujnik ciśnienia w układzie hydraulicznym oraz dla hamulców elektrohydraulicznych zaproponowano nową procedurę obliczeniową kontroli współczynnika skuteczności hamowania. Polega ona na równoczesnym pomiarze ciśnienia w układzie hydraulicznym i sił hamowania na stanowisku rolkowym, a następnie obliczeniu ciśnienia, przy którym powstają siły hamujące spełniające wymaganą skuteczność hamowania. Kontroli podlega sprawdzenie, czy układ hydrauliczny wytwarza obliczone ciśnienie przy sile nacisku na dźwignię hamulca nie przekraczającej dopuszczalnej wartości.
Use of traces of a road accident for determining the pre-impact speeds of the vehicles involved – Results of experimental and simulation tests
Authors: Gidlewski Mirosław , Dąbrowski Filip
Published: October 2022

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki dwóch fizycznych symulacji zderzeń samochodów w ruchu polegających na uderzeniu przodem samochodu w bok drugiego pojazdu, w okolice osi przedniej. Ślady powstałe na jezdni i na pojazdach w wyniku zderzenia umożliwiły przeprowadzenie kilku symulacji przebiegu rozważanych zderzeń z wykorzystaniem programu V-SIM. Pokazano trzy możliwe wersje przebiegu zderzeń samochodów, zgodne ze śladami pozostawionymi na miejscu zderzenia. Dla dwóch wersji zderzenia przyjęto prędkości pojazdów przed zderzeniem identyczne jak podczas eksperymentu, a dla jednej wersji zostały one wyznaczone na podstawie powstałych śladów. Wyznaczone w tej wersji wartości prędkości samochodów porównano z prędkościami samochodów w czasie eksperymentu badawczego. Wskazano źródła i przyczyny możliwych błędów popełnianych przez rzeczoznawców w czasie prowadzenia symulacji rzeczywistych zderzeń samochodów.
Examination and assessment of electric vehicles’ operational safety
Authors: Zieliński Wiesław , Łukjanow Sławomir
Published: October 2022

Wzrastające wymagania ochrony środowiska oraz wdrażanie najnowszych technologii powodują, że koncerny samochodowe rozwijają produkcję aut z napędem elektrycznym przyjaznych dla środowiska. Trudne warunki drogowe powodują, że kierowcy i pasażerowie pojazdów są narażeni na liczne zagrożenia, szczególnie ich zdrowia i życia. Spowodowało to konieczność podjęcia w PIMOT ważnego problemu Bezpieczeństwa Użytkowania Samochodów Elektrycznych (BUSE), w którym występują nowe dotychczas nierozpoznane zagadnienia. Dotychczas stosowane badania pojazdów EV na zgodność z Regulaminami lub Dyrektywami nie obejmują szeregu zagadnień, które zostały opracowane w trakcie wykonywania pracy a szczególnie wpływających na bezpieczeństwo i komfort jazdy. W pracy przedstawiono i zrealizowano trzystopniową koncepcję badań i oceny BUSE. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań porównawczych i ocenę BUSE czterech samochodów elektrycznych: Mega E-city, Citroen C-zero (licencja Mitsubishi iMiEV), Renault Fluence i Opel Ampera. Wyniki badań przedstawionych pojazdów EV wykazują jak bardzo te pojazdy różnią się między sobą i jak dużo jeszcze jest do zrobienia dla poprawy ich bezpieczeństwa użytkowania. Na podstawie wyników pracy mogą być opracowane szczegółowe kryteria BUSE.
A research stand for measuring friction parameters in a belt transmission
Authors: Kubas Krzysztof
Published: October 2022

In this paper it has been presented a research stand that allows to measure static and dynamic friction parameters between the belt and the pulley in a belt transmission. The stand can be rebuilt to three configurations to measure: static friction, the so-called kinetic and dynamic friction characteristics as well as complete belt transmission. It can measure friction parameters of any belts transmissions occurring in cars: flat belts, V-belts or poly-V belts, except toothed belts. In the stand there are build-in torque and force sensors – to measure engine torque and tension of the belt, and rotation and displacement sensors measuring angular velocities of the pulleys and displacement of the slack part of the belt. Finally, some sample results of poly-V belt 5pk, achieved from the research stand are presented.
Problems of dust removal from multi-cyclones of engine air cleaners in cross-country motor vehicles
Authors: Dziubak Tadeusz
Published: October 2022

Omówiono organizację procesu odsysania pyłu z bezwładnościowych filtrów powietrza wlotowego silników spalinowych pojazdów mechanicznych. Przedstawiono stosowane konfiguracje ejektorów w układach odsysania pyłu. Omówiono przykłady układów ejekcyjnego odsysania zanieczyszczeń. Zdefiniowano stopień odsysania pyłu. Przeanalizowano jego wpływ na charakterystykę przepływową i skuteczności filtracji powietrza pojedynczych cyklonów. Wyjaśniono zjawisko wpływu odsysania pyłu z osadnika filtru bezwładnościowego (multicyklonu) na skuteczność filtracji. Przeanalizowano wpływ odsysania pyłu z osadnika na nierównomierność odsysania z pojedynczych cyklonów multicyklonu oraz pokazano przyczyny nierównomierności. Przytoczono wyniki obrazujące wpływ nierównomierności odsysania na skuteczność filtracji multicyklonu i wkładu włókninowego. Przeanalizowano metody prowadzące do uzyskania względnej równomierności strumieni odsysanych z pojedynczych cyklonów. Wykazano, że równomierne wartości strumieni odsysania z pojedynczych cyklonów można uzyskać poprzez odpowiednią zmianę struktury osadnika pyłu multicyklonu.
A method of discretising the belt in a flat model of a belt transmission
Authors: Kubas Krzysztof
Published: October 2022

The article presents a method of discretising a belt used in a transmission model with any number of pulleys and tensioning rollers and any direction of wrapping the pulleys or rollers. The positions of the discretising points are formulated in a global coordinate system. The method allows for arbitrary placement of pulleys and tensioning rollers. It also consequently allows to calculate the length of the belt, resulting from the geometry of the transmission, and the length of the belt, resulting from the coordinates of the discretising points that lie on its circumference. The method presented here allows to estimate the number of points that would provide satisfactory accuracy of the belt’s curvature surrounding the individual pulleys and rollers. In the paper presented comparison between two proposed ways of estimating. Designated points can be used as input data to analyse the belt dynamics with the belt modelled as rigid elements connected to one another by translational or rotational spring-damping elements.
Research on the impact of automotive sources on the immission of specific size fractions of particulate matter in a street canyon
Authors: Chłopek Zdzisław , Strzałkowska Katarzyna
Published: October 2022

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań empirycznych imisji frakcji wymiarowych pyłów oraz tlenku węgla i tlenków azotu w okolicach kanionu ulicznego w Warszawie w miesiącu letnim. Badano również wyniki charakteryzujące warunki atmosferyczne oraz natężenie ruchu samochodów. Do analizy wykorzystano wyniki badań, wykonywanych na stacji nadzorowania jakości powietrza Warszawa-Komunikacyjna przy Al. Niepodległości 227/233, oraz przeprowadzanych przy użyciu pyłomierza firmy TSI. Badano imisję frakcji wymiarowych cząstek stałych: PM10, PM2.5 i PM1. Stwierdzono wyraźny wpływ źródeł motoryzacyjnych na imisję frakcji wymiarowych pyłów, szczególnie pyłów drobnych. Badano również zależność korelacyjną imisji zanieczyszczeń cząstek stałych PM10 oraz dwutlenku azotu i tlenku węgla – na podstawie wyników badań na stacji nadzorowania jakości powietrza. Stwierdzono słabą korelację, co wynikało prawdopodobnie z zastosowanej metodyki pomiarów. Badania korelacyjne imisji frakcji wymiarowych cząstek stałych, wykonane na podstawie wyników badań wykonanych przy użyciu pyłomierza, wykazały bardzo silną korelację. Ogólnie stwierdzono istotny wpływ emisji zanieczyszczeń z pojazdów samochodowych na imisję cząstek stałych w kanionie ulicznym, szczególnie na imisje drobnych frakcji wymiarowych pyłów.
Selected issues related to the research on a hybrid three-wheeler for the disabled
Authors: Nowak Tomasz , Seńko Jarosław , Jasiński Paweł , Paczkowski Artur
Published: October 2022

Praca dotyczy realizacji wybranych badań doświadczalnych i symulacyjnych zrealizowanych podczas projektowania pojazdu dla osób niepełnosprawnych o roboczej nazwie „Pimotek”. Projekt został dofinansowany ze środków Państwowego Funduszu Rehabilitacji Osób Niepełnosprawnych w ramach programu Badań i Analiz. Zaprojektowany w Przemysłowym Instytucie Motoryzacji pojazd posiada trójkołowy układ jezdny oraz konstrukcję nośną umożliwiającą pochylanie nadwozia pojazdu wraz z jego kierowcą względem płaszczyzny drogi i tylnej osi pojazdu. Zastosowanie rozwiązania konstrukcyjnego umożliwiającego pochylanie nadwozia jest doskonale znane z serii skuterów Gyro marki Honda. Zostało jednak zmodyfikowane pod kątem potrzeb użytkowników o słabym balansie ciałem. Unikalnym rozwiązaniem konstrukcyjnym pojazdu „Pimotek” jest zastosowanie hybrydowego układu napędowego, spalinowo – elektrycznego, zabudowanego na tylnej osi pojazdu. Jednocześnie napęd elektryczny rozwiązuje problem niezbędnego dla osób niepełnosprawnych rewersu. Trójkołowiec jest wyposażony w windowany fotel obrotowy, ułatwiający osobie niepełnosprawnej przesiadanie się z jednoczesną możliwością samodzielnego umieszczania wózka inwalidzkiego w przestrzeni bagażowej. Innowacyjność pojazdu przejawia się również nowoczesną linią nadwozia o zamaskowanych cechach pojazdu inwalidzkiego.
Effect of the composite temperature and humidity test on the sound absorption coefficient of fibrous materials used in automotive applications
Authors: Białkowski Piotr , Krężel Bogusław , Zapart Łukasz
Published: October 2022

W pracy przedstawiono próbę określenia wpływu temperatury i wilgotności na współczynnik pochłaniania dźwięku materiałów powszechnie stosowanych w samochodach. Do badań wybrano trzy rodzaje materiału włóknistego. Dla próbek materiału wyznaczono współczynnik pochłaniania dźwięku, a następnie próbki te poddano złożonej próbie temperatury i wilgotności. Po wykonaniu testu temperaturowo-wilgotnościowego ponownie wyznaczono współczynnik pochłaniania dźwięku. Różnica pomiędzy współczynnikami pochłaniania przed i po teście przedstawia rzeczywisty wpływ temperatury i wilgotności dla danej próbki materiału. Do wyznaczenia współczynnika pochłaniania dźwięku wykorzystano rurę impedancyjną. Wyniki przedstawiono w formie wykresów i tabel dla danego materiału. Opisano przebieg pomiarów oraz powstałe wnioski.
A Prediction Model on Personal Perspective in Relation to Self-Efficacy and Work Values of Corrections Officers
Authors: Biscocho Victor R. , Nabe Nestor C.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine a model from the personal perspective of correctional officers in Davao Prison and Penal Colony Region XI as influenced by self-efficacy and work values. The instrument used in this study was a customized survey questionnaire but modified to contextualize the regional settings applied to 299 Correction Officers using a stratified sampling technique. Data collection was an electronic survey via google forms. Means and Pearson r were used as statistical tools. The results show very high levels of self-efficacy, work values, and personal perspectives. It also showed a significant correlation between self-efficacy, work values, and personal perspectives. In addition, all variables had a significant impact on individual perspectives. Of the variables, self-efficacy has the greatest impact on an individual's perspective.
Role of interleukin-22 in tuberculosis patients
Authors: Gupta Shruti , Banerjee Mithu , Gauba Kavya , Mitra Prasenjit , Shekhawat Jyoti , Chauhan Nishant , Borana Hemant , Rao Mahadev , Yadav Dharmveer , Sharma Praveen
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Disease progression of tuberculosis (TB) depends on the balance between the microorganism’s virulence and the host defense systems (mainly T cell-mediated immune response). Interleukin-22 (IL-22) helps in cell proliferation and regeneration and provides protection against microbial diseases. The IL-22-producing T cells can migrate into the granulomas during TB infection. However, disparity exists in literature regarding its role. The present study aims to compare serum IL-22 levels and its’ expression in TB patients and healthy controls.

Methods

87 TB patients and 85 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Under aseptic conditions, venous blood was withdrawn. Serum IL-22 levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and its gene expression was assessed using SYBR green-based quantitative PCR technology. A statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.

Results

The median (interquartile range) of serum IL-22 levels was significantly lower in TB patients (18.55 (5.08) pg/mL) when compared to controls (49.38 (162.88) pg/mL) (p<0.0001). The IL-22 expression was significantly upregulated with a fold change value of 29.44 in TB patients.

Conclusions

The IL-22 levels were found to be significantly decreased in patients, contradictory to its expression, which is upregulated. It plays a crucial role for the modulation of tissues in response to TB infection.
Conjugacy classes of maximal cyclic subgroups of metacyclic 𝑝-groups
Authors: Bianchi Mariagrazia , Camina Rachel , Lewis Mark L.
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we set

η
⁢

(
G
)

\eta(G)

to be the number of conjugacy classes of maximal cyclic subgroups of a finite group 𝐺.
We compute

η
⁢

(
G
)

\eta(G)

for all metacyclic 𝑝-groups.
We show that if 𝐺 is a metacyclic 𝑝-group of order

p
n

p^{n}

that is not dihedral, generalized quaternion, or semi-dihedral, then

η
⁢

(
G
)

≥

n
-
2

\eta(G)\geq n-2

, and we determine when equality holds.
Co3O4 nanoparticles embedded in electrospun carbon nanofibers as free-standing nanocomposite electrodes as highly sensitive enzyme-free glucose biosensors
Authors: Mohammadpour-Haratbar Ali , Mosallanejad Behrooz , Zare Yasser , Rhee Kyong Yop , Park Soo-Jin
Published: October 2022

Numerous researches have been directed toward enzyme-free biosensors to alleviate the shortcomings encountered with enzymatic biosensors, in particular the intricate enzyme immobilization procedure. Herein, Co3O4/electrospun carbon nanofiber (ECNF) nanocomposites are successfully prepared to be employed as enzyme-free biosensors for diagnosis of glucose. Two parameters including the carbonization time and the amount of Cobalt(ii) acetate tetrahydrate precursor are optimized, which are 5 h and 0.5 g, respectively. The 0.5 Co3O4/ECNF-5 h nanocomposite delivers superior sensitivity (475.72 μA·mM−1·cm−2), broad linear range (2–10 mM), and detection limit (LOD) less than 1 mM (0.82 Mm). In addition, the electrode shows excellent selectivity. The chronoamperometric analysis of 0.5 Co3O4/ECNF-5 h nanocomposite is performed by adding successively glucose analyte and interfering agents to the 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution. No significant amperometric signal to the interfering agents including uric acid, ascorbic acid, and dopamine is delivered by this electrode, testifying the great selectivity of the electrode toward the diagnosis of target analyte (glucose) in spite of the existence of interfering species. Taking the aforementioned explanations into account, it can be concluded that the Co3O4/ECNF nanocomposite can be an appropriate free-stand electrode for high-performance enzyme-free glucose biosensor.
I Think I Can: The Role of Self-Efficacy in Exposure to Contamination
Authors: Merling Lori F. , Siev Jedidiah , Delucia Christian , Davidtz Jennifer
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Self-efficacy (SE) has been explored extensively within the field of psychology. Despite a rich literature demonstrating its positive effect on various behavioral outcomes, including psychological treatment outcomes, little is known about the impact of SE on outcomes related to obsessive-compulsive disorder. To fill this critical gap in the literature, this study aims to examine the relationship between SE beliefs and contamination-related approach behavior and to determine whether increasing SE may improve engagement in exposure-based interventions for contamination fears. Method: Participants (N = 120) were randomly assigned to complete a contamination-related behavioral approach task (CR-BAT) immediately following either a SE-boosting exercise or a non-SE related control. Results: Self-reported contamination-relevant SE was positively correlated with approach behavior during the CR-BAT. However, there were no differences between conditions in contamination-related SE or approach behavior during the CR-BAT. Nevertheless, participants in the SE-boosting condition reported lower levels of anxiety during the CR-BAT than did those in the control condition, suggesting that the manipulation was effective in reducing subjective distress. Discussion: Future research using more effective methods to manipulate SE is required to examine the causality of this relationship.
The effect of surveillance for differentiated thyroid carcinoma in childhood cancer survivors on survival rates: a decision-tree-based analysis
Authors: Heinzel Alexander , Müller Dirk , van Santen Hanneke M , Clement Sarah C , Schneider Arthur B , Verburg Frederik A
Published: October 2022

Background

Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) who received radiation therapy exposing the thyroid gland are at increased risk of developing differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Therefore, the International Guideline Harmonization Group (IGHG) on late effects of childhood cancer therefore recommends surveillance. It is unclear whether surveillance reduces mortality.

Aim

The aim of this study was to compare four strategies for DTC surveillance in CCS with the aim of reducing mortality: Strategy-1, no surveillance; Strategy-2, ultrasound alone; Strategy-3, ultrasound followed by fine-needle biopsy (FNB); Strategy-4, palpation followed by ultrasound and FNB.

Materials and methods

A decision tree was formulated with 10-year thyroid cancer-specific survival as the endpoint, based on data extracted from literature.

Results

It was calculated that 12.6% of CCS will develop DTC. Using Strategy-1, all CCS with DTC would erroneously not be operated upon, but no CCS would have unnecessary surgery. With Strategy-2, all CCS with and 55.6% of CCS without DTC would be operated. Using Strategy-3, 11.1% of CCS with DTC would be correctly operated upon, 11.2% without DTC would be operated upon and 1.5% with DTC would not be operated upon. With Strategy-4, these percentages would be 6.8, 3.9 and 5.8%, respectively. Median 10-year survival rates would be equal across strategies (0.997).

Conclusion

Different surveillance strategies for DTC in CCS all result in the same high DTC survival. Therefore, the indication for surveillance may lie in a reduction of surgery-related morbidity rather than DTC-related mortality. In accordance with the IGHG guidelines, the precise strategy should be decided upon in a process of shared decision-making.
Processes involved in prostaglandin F2alpha autoamplification in heifers
Authors: Domingues Rafael R , Ginther OJ , Gomez-Leon Victor , Nunes da Silva Polyana , Castro Thadeu , Hoppmann August , Wiltbank Milo C
Published: October 2022

In brief

Endometrial and luteal synthesis of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2A) occurs before and during luteolysis and is critical for luteal regression. This study demonstrates that PGF2A stimulates further PGF2A synthesis (autoamplification) apparently from the corpus luteum.

Understanding the endocrine profile of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2A) autoamplification is fundamental to comprehend luteal and endometrial responses to PGF2A. On day 10 of postovulation (preluteolysis), heifers (n  = 6/group) were treated intrauterine with saline or PGF2A (0.5 mg; hour 0). A third group received flunixin meglumine + PGF (FM+PGF) to prevent endogenous synthesis of PGF2A. Exogenous PGF2A was metabolized at hour 2 as measured by PGF2A metabolite (PGFM). From hours 5 to 48, concentrations of PGFM were greatest in the PGF group, smallest in the FM+PGF, and intermediate in the control suggesting endogenous synthesis of PGF2A only in PGF group. Progesterone (P4) concentrations decreased transiently between hours 0 and 1 in PGF and FM+PGF groups but rebounded to pretreatment concentrations by hours 6 and 4, respectively. No control or FM+PGF heifers underwent luteolysis during the experimental period. Conversely, in the PGF group, one heifer had complete luteolysis (P4 < 1 ng/mL), two heifers had partial luteolysis followed by P4 and CL resurgence by hour 48, and three heifers did not undergo luteolysis. Endogenous PGF2A appears to be of luteal origin due to the lack of pulsatile pattern of PGFM and lack of endometrial upregulation of oxytocin receptor (typical of endometrial synthesis of PGF2A), whereas luteal downregulation of PGF receptor and HPGD indicates a classic luteal response to PGF2A signaling although other specific mechanisms were not investigated. The hypothesis was supported that a single PGF2A treatment simulating the peak of a natural luteolytic pulse and the uteroovarian transport of PGF2A stimulates measurable endogenous PGF2A production.
Conocer y reconocer al estudiante lasallista para promover la equidad y la inclusión en la Universidad
Authors: Castillo Gised Daniela , Higuera Danna Julieth , Ortiz Katerine
Published: October 2022

La investigación busca identificar la diversidad multidimensional de los estudiantes lasallistas y los programas que favorecen su inclusión en la universidad. Así, se identifican las condiciones de vida y necesidades particulares de los estudiantes y la forma como el reconocimiento de la diversidad estudiantil se traduce en programas de apoyo y acompañamiento. Adicionalmente, se presenta la manera como se han reestructurado algunas estrategias frente al nuevo panorama que ha generado la emergencia sanitaria actual. Esta investigación toma como insumo encuestas aplicadas a los estudiantes y encuentros de recolección de información con actores institucionales, clave en dichos programas, que permiten evidenciar diferencias culturales, socioeconómicas, de género y etarias, así como el desarrollo de programas de acompañamiento a grupos minoritarios identificados que se han reinventado para favorecer los procesos de apoyo en este escenario de educación mediada por tecnologías de información y comunicación.