bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Face identity disentanglement via latent space mapping
Authors: Nitzan Yotam , Bermano Amit , Li Yangyan , Cohen-Or Daniel
Published: November 2020

Learning disentangled representations of data is a fundamental problem in artificial intelligence. Specifically, disentangled latent representations allow generative models to control and compose the disentangled factors in the synthesis process. Current methods, however, require extensive supervision and training, or instead, noticeably compromise quality.

In this paper, we present a method that learns how to represent data in a disentangled way, with minimal supervision, manifested solely using available pre-trained networks. Our key insight is to decouple the processes of disentanglement and synthesis, by employing a leading pre-trained unconditional image generator, such as StyleGAN. By learning to map into its latent space, we leverage both its state-of-the-art quality, and its rich and expressive latent space, without the burden of training it.

We demonstrate our approach on the complex and high dimensional domain of human heads. We evaluate our method qualitatively and quantitatively, and exhibit its success with de-identification operations and with temporal identity coherency in image sequences. Through extensive experimentation, we show that our method successfully disentangles identity from other facial attributes, surpassing existing methods, even though they require more training and supervision.
Interactive liquid splash modeling by user sketches
Authors: Yan Guowei , Chen Zhili , Yang Jimei , Wang Huamin
Published: November 2020

Splashing is one of the most fascinating liquid phenomena in the real world and it is favored by artists to create stunning visual effects, both statically and dynamically. Unfortunately, the generation of complex and specialized liquid splashes is a challenging task and often requires considerable time and effort. In this paper, we present a novel system that synthesizes realistic liquid splashes from simple user sketch input. Our system adopts a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) trained with physics-based simulation data to produce raw liquid splash models from input sketches, and then applies model refinement processes to further improve their small-scale details. The system considers not only the trajectory of every user stroke, but also its speed, which makes the splash model simulation-ready with its underlying 3D flow. Compared with simulation-based modeling techniques through trials and errors, our system offers flexibility, convenience and intuition in liquid splash design and editing. We evaluate the usability and the efficiency of our system in an immersive virtual reality environment. Thanks to this system, an amateur user can now generate a variety of realistic liquid splashes in just a few minutes.
Unbiased warped-area sampling for differentiable rendering
Authors: Bangaru Sai Praveen , Li Tzu-Mao , Durand Frédo
Published: November 2020

Differentiable rendering computes derivatives of the light transport equation with respect to arbitrary 3D scene parameters, and enables various applications in inverse rendering and machine learning. We present an unbiased and efficient differentiable rendering algorithm that does not require explicit boundary sampling. We apply the divergence theorem to the derivative of the rendering integral to convert the boundary integral into an area integral. We rewrite the converted area integral to a form that is suitable for Monte Carlo rendering. We then develop an efficient Monte Carlo sampling algorithm for solving the area integral. Our method can be easily plugged into a traditional path tracer and does not require dedicated data structures for sampling boundaries.

We analyze the convergence properties through bias-variance metrics, and demonstrate our estimator's advantages over existing methods for some synthetic inverse rendering examples.
You can find geodesic paths in triangle meshes by just flipping edges
Authors: Sharp Nicholas , Crane Keenan
Published: November 2020

This paper introduces a new approach to computing geodesics on polyhedral surfaces---the basic idea is to iteratively perform
edge flips
, in the same spirit as the classic Delaunay flip algorithm. This process also produces a triangulation conforming to the output geodesics, which is immediately useful for tasks in geometry processing and numerical simulation. More precisely, our FlipOut algorithm transforms a given sequence of edges into a locally shortest geodesic while avoiding self-crossings (formally: it finds a geodesic in the same
isotopy class
). The algorithm is guaranteed to terminate in a finite number of operations; practical runtimes are on the order of a few milliseconds, even for meshes with millions of triangles. The same approach is easily applied to curves beyond simple paths, including closed loops, curve networks, and multiply-covered curves. We explore how the method facilitates tasks such as straightening cuts and segmentation boundaries, computing geodesic Bézier curves, extending the notion of
constrained Delaunay triangulations (CDT)
to curved surfaces, and providing accurate boundary conditions for partial differential equations (PDEs). Evaluation on challenging datasets such as
Thingi10k
indicates that the method is both robust and efficient, even for low-quality triangulations.
Pixelor
Authors: Bhunia Ayan Kumar , Das Ayan , Muhammad Umar Riaz , Yang Yongxin , Hospedales Timothy M. , Xiang Tao , Gryaditskaya Yulia , Song Yi-Zhe
Published: November 2020

We present the first competitive drawing agent
Pixelor
that exhibits humanlevel performance at a Pictionary-like sketching game, where the participant whose sketch is recognized first is a winner. Our AI agent can autonomously sketch a given visual concept, and achieve a recognizable rendition as quickly or faster than a human competitor. The key to victory for the agent's goal is to learn the optimal stroke sequencing strategies that generate the most recognizable and distinguishable strokes first. Training
Pixelor
is done in two steps. First, we infer the stroke order that maximizes early recognizability of human training sketches. Second, this order is used to supervise the training of a sequence-to-sequence stroke generator. Our key technical contributions are a tractable search of the exponential space of orderings using neural sorting; and an improved Seq2Seq Wasserstein (S2S-WAE) generator that uses an optimal-transport loss to accommodate the multi-modal nature of the optimal stroke distribution. Our analysis shows that
Pixelor
is better than the human players of the
Quick, Draw!
game, under both AI and human judging of early recognition. To analyze the impact of human competitors' strategies, we conducted a further human study with participants being given unlimited thinking time and training in early recognizability by feedback from an AI judge. The study shows that humans do gradually improve their strategies with training, but overall
Pixelor
still matches human performance. The code and the dataset are available at http://sketchx.ai/pixelor.
Frequency-domain smoke guiding
Authors: Forootaninia Zahra , Narain Rahul
Published: November 2020

We propose a simple and efficient method for guiding an Eulerian smoke simulation to match the behavior of a specified velocity field, such as a low-resolution animation of the same scene, while preserving the rich, turbulent details arising in the simulated fluid. Our method works by simply combining the high-frequency component of the simulated fluid velocity with the low-frequency component of the input guiding field. We show how to eliminate the grid-aligned artifacts that appear in naive guiding approaches, and provide a frequency-domain analysis that motivates the use of ideal low-pass and high-pass filters to prevent artificial dissipation of small-scale details. We demonstrate our method on many scenes including those with static and moving obstacles, and show that it produces high-quality results with very little computational overhead.
Higher-order finite elements for embedded simulation
Authors: Longva Andreas , Löschner Fabian , Kugelstadt Tassilo , Fernández-Fernández José Antonio , Bender Jan
Published: November 2020

As demands for high-fidelity physics-based animations increase, the need for accurate methods for simulating deformable solids grows. While higherorder finite elements are commonplace in engineering due to their superior approximation properties for many problems, they have gained little traction in the computer graphics community. This may partially be explained by the need for finite element meshes to approximate the highly complex geometry of models used in graphics applications. Due to the additional perelement computational expense of higher-order elements, larger elements are needed, and the error incurred due to the geometry mismatch eradicates the benefits of higher-order discretizations. One solution to this problem is the embedding of the geometry into a coarser finite element mesh. However, to date there is no adequate, practical computational framework that permits the accurate embedding into higher-order elements.

We develop a novel, robust quadrature generation method that generates theoretically guaranteed high-quality sub-cell integration rules of arbitrary polynomial accuracy. The number of quadrature points generated is bounded only by the desired degree of the polynomial, independent of the embedded geometry. Additionally, we build on recent work in the Finite Cell Method (FCM) community so as to tackle the severe ill-conditioning caused by partially filled elements by adapting an Additive-Schwarz-based preconditioner so that it is suitable for use with state-of-the-art non-linear material models from the graphics literature. Together these two contributions constitute a general-purpose framework for embedded simulation with higher-order finite elements.

We finally demonstrate the benefits of our framework in several scenarios, in which second-order hexahedra and tetrahedra clearly outperform their first-order counterparts.
Appearance-preserving tactile optimization
Authors: Tymms Chelsea , Wang Siqi , Zorin Denis
Published: November 2020

Textures are encountered often on various common objects and surfaces. Many textures combine visual and tactile aspects, each serving important purposes; most obviously, a texture alters the object's appearance or tactile feeling as well as serving for visual or tactile identification and improving usability. The tactile feel and visual appearance of objects are often linked, but they may interact in unpredictable ways. Advances in high-resolution 3D printing enable highly flexible control of geometry to permit manipulation of both visual appearance and tactile properties. In this paper, we propose an optimization method to independently control the tactile properties and visual appearance of a texture. Our optimization is enabled by neural network-based models, and allows the creation of textures with a desired tactile feeling while preserving a desired visual appearance at a relatively low computational cost, for use in a variety of applications.
An extended cut-cell method for sub-grid liquids tracking with surface tension
Authors: Chen Yi-Lu , Meier Jonathan , Solenthaler Barbara , Azevedo Vinicius C.
Published: November 2020

Simulating liquid phenomena utilizing Eulerian frameworks is challenging, since highly energetic flows often induce severe topological changes, creating thin and complex liquid surfaces. Thus, capturing structures that are small relative to the grid size become intractable, since continually increasing the resolution will scale sub-optimally due to the pressure projection step. Previous methods successfully relied on using higher resolution grids for tracking the liquid surface implicitly; however this technique comes with drawbacks. The mismatch of pressure samples and surface degrees of freedom will cause artifacts such as hanging blobs and permanent kinks at the liquid-air interface. In this paper, we propose an extended cut-cell method for handling liquid structures that are smaller than a grid cell. At the core of our method is a novel iso-surface Poisson Solver, which converges with second-order accuracy for pressure values while maintaining attractive discretization properties such as symmetric positive definiteness. Additionally, we extend the iso-surface assumption to be also compatible with surface tension forces. Our results show that the proposed method provides a novel framework for handling arbitrarily small splashes that can also correctly interact with objects embodied by complex geometries.
Weavecraft
Authors: Wu Rundong , Zhang Joy Xiaoji , Leaf Jonathan , Hua Xinru , Qu Ante , Harvey Claire , Holtzman Emily , Ko Joy , Hagan Brooks , James Doug , Guimbretière François , Marschner Steve
Published: November 2020

3D weaving is an emerging technology for manufacturing multilayer woven textiles. In this work, we present Weavecraft: an interactive, simulation-based design tool for 3D weaving. Unlike existing textile software that uses 2D representations for design patterns, we propose a novel weave block representation that helps the user to understand 3D woven structures and to create complex multi-layered patterns. With Weavecraft, users can create blocks either from scratch or by loading traditional weaves, compose the blocks into large structures, and edit the pattern at various scales. Furthermore, users can verify the design with a physically based simulator, which predicts and visualizes the geometric structure of the woven material and reveals potential defects at an interactive rate. We demonstrate a range of results created with our tool, from simple two-layer cloth and well known 3D structures to a more sophisticated design of a 3D woven shoe, and we evaluate the effectiveness of our system via a formative user study.
Differentiable vector graphics rasterization for editing and learning
Authors: Li Tzu-Mao , Lukáč Michal , Gharbi Michaël , Ragan-Kelley Jonathan
Published: November 2020

We introduce a differentiable rasterizer that bridges the vector graphics and raster image domains, enabling powerful raster-based loss functions, optimization procedures, and machine learning techniques to edit and generate vector content. We observe that vector graphics rasterization is differentiable after pixel prefiltering. Our differentiable rasterizer offers two prefiltering options: an analytical prefiltering technique and a multisampling anti-aliasing technique. The analytical variant is faster but can suffer from artifacts such as conflation. The multisampling variant is still efficient, and can render high-quality images while computing unbiased gradients for each pixel with respect to curve parameters.

We demonstrate that our rasterizer enables new applications, including a vector graphics editor guided by image metrics, a painterly rendering algorithm that fits vector primitives to an image by minimizing a deep perceptual loss function, new vector graphics editing algorithms that exploit well-known image processing methods such as seam carving, and deep generative models that generate vector content from raster-only supervision under a VAE or GAN training objective.
Experimental Study on the Creep Characteristics of Cemented Backfill in a Goaf under Water Pressure
Authors: Zhang JingYu , Deng Huafeng , Duan GuoYong , Wan LiangPeng , Luo Zuosen , Sun Xushu
Published: November 2020

As the groundwater environment changes in a goaf, the creep deformation of the backfill underwater pressure is worthy of attention. This paper takes the undercut goaf filling in the Yuzhou section of the middle route of the South‐to‐North Water Transfer Project as an example. Grading loading creep testing of the backfill under different water pressures was carried out using equipment developed by our research team. Based on the experimental results, the following key points were observed: (1) under the same axial stress, the creep strain and steady creep rate increase with increasing water pressure. Under the same water pressure, the creep strain and steady creep rate also increase with increasing axial stress. (2) The long‐term strength of a backfill sample decreases with increasing water pressure and has a nonlinear relationship with water pressure. (3) The increase in water pressure exacerbates the damage of a backfill sample, which is manifested by the secondary crack propagation at the time of failure. Therefore, the increase in water pressure degrades the mechanical properties of the backfill to some extent. The results of this paper provide a reliable theoretical basis for the long‐term stability analysis of goaf filling underwater pressure.
Polyphenol Extract of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Alleviates Colonic Inflammation in Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐Treated Mice
Authors: Zhang Yunjuan , Peng Lei , Li Wenyun , Dai Tianyi , Nie Long , Xie Jing , Ai Yu , Li Lingfei , Tian Yang , Sheng Jun
Published: November 2020

Moringa oleifera Lam. is an essential herb used for the treatment of inflammation, diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases. In this study, phenolic extracts of M. oleifera leaves were obtained and analyzed. The results showed that the main identifiable phenols were astragalin, chlorogenic acid, isoquercitrin, kaempferitrin, luteolin, quercetin, and rutin. The effects of M. oleifera polyphenol extract (MOPE) on experimental colitis induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were investigated. The results showed that oral administration of MOPE significantly alleviated the symptoms of DSS‐induced colitis. MOPE significantly reduced weight loss, the disease activity index, colon shortening, and mucosal damage. In addition, MOPE attenuated the infiltration of CD3+ T cells, CD177+ neutrophils, and F4/80+ macrophages and significantly inhibited the secretion of IL‐6 and TNF‐α. After the MOPE administration, the expression of proteins associated with the NF‐κB signaling pathway changed. Specifically, compared with that of the DSS group, the protein expression of NF‐κB p65 and p‐IκBα was downregulated, and the expression of IκBα was upregulated. This study revealed the anti‐inflammatory effects and mechanisms of MOPE in the colon, indicating its potential use in preventing inflammation‐driven diseases.
Hemorrhagic Cystitis Secondary to Adenovirus and BK Virus Infection in a Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patient with Recent CAR T-Cell Therapy
Authors: Khan Abdul Moiz , Ajmal Zainub , Tuz Zahra Fatima , Ramani Ananthakrishnan , Zackon Ira
Published: November 2020

Patients who undergo chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR T-cell therapy) are immunosuppressed due to multiple factors. While adenovirus and BK virus are well-known pathogens in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplant, there are no detailed reports of these infections in the setting of CAR T-cell therapy. We describe a 70-year-old male who recently underwent CAR T-cell therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. He presented with intractable gross hematuria and dysuria. Workup revealed adenovirus viremia and viruria and BK virus viruria. He was treated for adenovirus hemorrhagic cystitis with intravenous cidofovir 1 mg/kg/day, every three days for three weeks, with good clinical response. We also discuss the mechanisms of immunosuppression in CAR T-cell therapy as well as the principles of treatment of adenovirus and BK virus infections in the immunosuppressed patient.
Fractional Grassi–Miller Map Based on the Caputo h-Difference Operator: Linear Methods for Chaos Control and Synchronization
Authors: Talbi Ibtissem , Ouannas Adel , Grassi Giuseppe , Khennaoui Amina-Aicha , Pham Viet-Thanh , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: November 2020

Investigating dynamic properties of discrete chaotic systems with fractional order has been receiving much attention recently. This paper provides a contribution to the topic by presenting a novel version of the fractional Grassi–Miller map, along with improved schemes for controlling and synchronizing its dynamics. By exploiting the Caputo h-difference operator, at first, the chaotic dynamics of the map are analyzed via bifurcation diagrams and phase plots. Then, a novel theorem is proved in order to stabilize the dynamics of the map at the origin by linear control laws. Additionally, two chaotic fractional Grassi–Miller maps are synchronized via linear controllers by utilizing a novel theorem based on a suitable Lyapunov function. Finally, simulation results are reported to show the effectiveness of the approach developed herein.
A Generalized Bridge Regression in Fuzzy Environment and Its Numerical Solution by a Capable Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Karbasi Delara , Rabiei Mohammad Reza , Nazemi Alireza
Published: November 2020

Bridge regression is a special family of penalized regressions using a penalty function

∑

A

j

γ

with

γ
≥
1

that for

γ
=
1

and

γ
=
2

, it concludes lasso and ridge regression, respectively. In case where the output variable in the regression model was imprecise, we developed a bridge regression model in a fuzzy environment. We also exhibited penalized fuzzy estimates for this model when the input variables were crisp. So, we perform the presented optimization problem for the model that leads to a multiobjective program. Also, we try to determine the shrinkage parameter and the tuning parameter from the same optimization problem. In order to estimate fuzzy coefficients of the proposed model, we introduce a hybrid scheme based on recurrent neural networks. The suggested neural network model is constructed based on some concepts of convex optimization and stability theory which guarantees to find the approximate parameters of the proposed model. We use a simulation study to depict the performance of the proposed bridge technique in the presence of multicollinear data. Furthermore, real data analysis is used to show the performance of the proposed method. A comparison between the fuzzy bridge regression model and several other shrinkage models is made with three different well-known fuzzy criteria. In this study, we visualize the performance of the model by Taylor’s diagram and Bubble plot. Also, we examine the predictive ability of the model, thus, obtained by cross validation. The numerical results clearly showed higher accuracy of the proposed fuzzy bridge method compared to the other existing fuzzy regression models: fuzzy bridge regression model, multiobjective optimization, recurrent neural network, stability convergence, and goodness-of-fit measure.
Efficient Planning and Solving Algorithm of
S
-Shape Acceleration and Deceleration
Authors: Li Zhijie , Cai Ligang , Liu Zhifeng
Published: November 2020

S

-shape acceleration and deceleration are the most widely used flexible acceleration and deceleration method in the current CNC system, but its velocity solution equation contains irrational terms, which create a more complicated solution process. When analyzing the solution process of the

S

-shape acceleration and deceleration directly, using a traditional numerical solution method, the phenomenon of “solving the interval jump” arises, which is the main reason for low efficiency and poor stability of the solution. According to the

S

-curve profile and solution, the concept of separating the curve profile recognition from the velocity solution was proposed, and a method of quickly identifying the interval of the solution location was introduced. Through the method mentioned above, the complete acceleration and deceleration curve parameters can be obtained through a one-time plan and a one-time solution, and the solution efficiency and stability are guaranteed; solving the Newton problem depends too much on the initial value of Newton velocity, which not only retains the speed advantage of the Newton method but also uses the downhill factor to ensure its convergence. Through the simulation comparison and analysis, the efficiency, stability, and universality of the method are verified.
Mechanical Properties and Failure Modes of Thick‐Walled Cylinder Granites with Different Apertures under Triaxial Compression
Authors: Chen Wei , Wan Wen , Lian Shuailong , Xie Senlin , Zhou Yu , Peng Wenqing , Kuang Wenlong , Wang Xianqing , Tong Shasha
Published: November 2020

Roadway excavation changes the original equilibrium stress state of the rock mass, resulting in the loading and unloading of the surrounding rock near the free surface. After the excavation, the tangential stress increases and the radial stress decreases, which mainly cause deformation and collapse of the roadway. In order to study the strength characteristics of the surrounding rock after the excavation, one effective way is to carry out triaxial compression tests on small surrounding rock samples. Therefore, this paper focuses on the triaxial compression mechanical propertiesof thick‐walled cylinder granites with an electrohydraulic, servo‐controlled rock mechanics testing system (MTS‐815). It studies how different pore sizes and confining pressures affect the triaxial compressive strength (TCS), deformation, and failure modes of granite samples. The results are as follows: (1) Under triaxial compression, the stress‐strain curves have no obvious yield stage, and the peak TCS increases with the confining pressure (σ3). When σ3 is low, there is little difference in the TCS between the complete specimen and the thick‐walled cylinders. When σ3 reaches 30 MPa∼40 MPa, the TCS of samples with apertures of 15 mm and 20 mm are obviously lower. The σ3 has an obvious influence on the elastic modulus of thick‐walled cylinder granites. (2) Shearing and splitting are the main failure modes under triaxial compression. When σ3 is low, shear failure appears. As σ3 reaches 30 MPa∼40 MPa, split failure occurs. The area of the fracture surface increases with σ3. (3) As σ3 grows, the influence parameter (m) of the three‐dimensional Hoek‐Brown criterion increases. Under the same σ3, the value of m presents a decreasing trend from the outer wall to the inner wall, which means the bearing capacity keeps getting lower and lower. As a result, the inner wall is most likely to be damaged. The theoretical analysis results agree well with the tests.
Plasma Total α-Synuclein and Neurofilament Light Chain: Clinical Validation for Discriminating Parkinson’s Disease from Normal Control
Authors: Lin Wei-Che , Lu Cheng-Hsien , Chiu Pai-Yi , Yang Shieh-Yueh
Published: November 2020

Background: A previously published paper (referred to as the original cohort) showed that using a cutoff value of 116.1 fg/mL for the plasma total α-synuclein concentrations could discriminate Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients from normal controls (NCs). In this study, another independent cohort (referred to as the validation cohort) was recruited to validate the agreement between the clinical diagnosis and the use of plasma total α-synuclein to identify PD patients. In addition to total α-synuclein, plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) in the validation cohort was detected. Methods: Seventy PD patients and 33 NCs were enrolled in the validation cohort. A clinical diagnosis and the immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) assay for plasma total α-synuclein were performed for each participant. Thirty-three of 70 PD patients and 23 of 33 NCs were subjected to the plasma NfL assay via IMR. Results: The positive, negative, and overall percentages of agreement between the clinical diagnosis and plasma total α-synuclein diagnosis determined based on 116.1 fg/mL as the cutoff value were found to be 0.943, 0.818, and 0.903, respectively. The PD patients and NCs showed plasma NfL levels of 8.38 ± 4.19 pg/mL and 17.6 ± 7.95 pg/mL (p < 0.001), respectively. The cutoff value of the plasma NfL level used to differentiate PD patients from NCs was 12.8 pg/mL, with sensitivity and specificity values of 0.788 and 0.870, respectively. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the usefulness of the plasma total α-synuclein concentration to discriminate PD patients from NCs and reveal the elevation of the plasma NfL level in PD patients.
Primary Hepatic Lymphoma in a Patient with Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Mrabet Soumaya , Zaghouani Houneida , Mestiri Sarra , Akkari Imen , Ben Jazia Elhem
Published: November 2020

Primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare disease, accounting for only 0.1% of malignant liver tumors. The subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is more infrequent. In contrast to hepatitis C virus, the association between hepatitis B virus and lymphoma is less clear. Here, we report the case of a 52-year-old patient followed for chronic hepatitis B complicated by cirrhosis, associated with a primary hepatic DLBCL, with a good response to chemotherapy.
Does the Waiting Period for Genetic Tests Affect the Prognosis in Chemotherapy-Treated de novo Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients without a Driver Mutation?
Authors: Arici Serdar , Sakin Abdullah , Cekin Ruhper , Secmeler Saban , Yasar Nurgül , Cihan Sener
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The length of the necessary waiting period to test driver mutations may generate anxiety in patients and clinicians. For this reason, an investigation was conducted to determine whether the duration between diagnosis and the start of first-line chemotherapy (DDC) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without driver mutations has an impact on prognosis. Methods: The study included 303 de novo metastatic NSCLC patients without a driver mutation and patients were divided into 2 groups according to DDC: ≤30 days (group A) or >30 days (group B). The determinant factors for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were examined by Cox regression analysis. Results: The mean DDC was calculated as 38.2 ± 54.5 days. The number of patients in group A and B were 183 and 120, respectively. The median PFS in groups A and B was 5.0 and 6.0 months (p = 0.268) and the median OS was 10.0 and 11 months, respectively (p = 0.341). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that DDC was not a factor associated with PFS and OS. Conclusion: Our results show that a higher DDC was not associated with a worse prognosis in metastatic NSCLC patients without driver mutations. In this context, it is safer for patients and their physicians to wait for test results before starting chemotherapy.
Assessment of Fatigue Using Wearable Sensors: A Pilot Study
Authors: Luo Hongyu , Lee Pierre-Alexandre , Clay Ieuan , Jaggi Martin , De Luca Valeria
Published: November 2020

Background: Fatigue is a broad, multifactorial concept encompassing feelings of reduced physical and mental energy levels. Fatigue strongly impacts patient health-related quality of life across a huge range of conditions, yet, to date, tools available to understand fatigue are severely limited. Methods: After using a recurrent neural network-based algorithm to impute missing time series data form a multisensor wearable device, we compared supervised and unsupervised machine learning approaches to gain insights on the relationship between self-reported non-pathological fatigue and multimodal sensor data. Results: A total of 27 healthy subjects and 405 recording days were analyzed. Recorded data included continuous multimodal wearable sensor time series on physical activity, vital signs, and other physiological parameters, and daily questionnaires on fatigue. The best results were obtained when using the causal convolutional neural network model for unsupervised representation learning of multivariate sensor data, and random forest as a classifier trained on subject-reported physical fatigue labels (weighted precision of 0.70 ± 0.03 and recall of 0.73 ± 0.03). When using manually engineered features on sensor data to train our random forest (weighted precision of 0.70 ± 0.05 and recall of 0.72 ± 0.01), both physical activity (energy expenditure, activity counts, and steps) and vital signs (heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiratory rate) were important parameters to measure. Furthermore, vital signs contributed the most as top features for predicting mental fatigue compared to physical ones. These results support the idea that fatigue is a highly multimodal concept. Analysis of clusters from sensor data highlighted a digital phenotype indicating the presence of fatigue (95% of observations) characterized by a high intensity of physical activity. Mental fatigue followed similar trends but was less predictable. Potential future directions could focus on anomaly detection assuming longer individual monitoring periods. Conclusion: Taken together, these results are the first demonstration that multimodal digital data can be used to inform, quantify, and augment subjectively captured non-pathological fatigue measures.
Defining and Developing the Workforce Needed for Success in the Digital Era of Medicine
Authors: Goldsack Jennifer C. , Zanetti Cole A.
Published: November 2020

Artificial intelligence offers the promise of transforming biomedical research and helping clinicians put the “care” back in healthcare. Digital medicine is on its way to becoming just plain medicine. But who will digitize how we define health and disease? And who will deploy this knowledge to improve the lives of patients that medicine – and digital medicine – exists to serve? Here we define the emerging field of digital medicine and identify the disciplines and skills needed for success. We examine the current and projected skills gaps. We also consider the impact of the culture clash that occurs at the intersection of healthcare and technology, and the lack of diversity in the workforce of both of these fields. We conclude by describing the requirements for the skills pivot needed to ensure that the digital transformation of healthcare is successful: (1) big tent thinking to recognize the critical importance of new technical skills alongside more traditional clinical disciplines, (2) the integration of clinical and technical skill sets within educational curricula, companies, and professional institutions, and (3) a commitment to diversity that goes beyond lip service.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕРЕБІГУ ВАГІТНОСТІ ТА СТАН НОВОНАРОДЖЕНИХ У ЖІНОК ІЗ ДОБРОЯКІСНИМИ ПУХЛИНАМИ ЯЄЧНИКІВ
Authors: Boichuk O. H. , Hulii D. Ya.
Published: November 2020

Мета дослідження – вивчення перебігу гестаційного процесу і перинатальних наслідків у вагітних жінок із доброякісними новоутвореннями яєчників (ДПЯ).

Матеріали та методи. Для оцінки перебігу вагітності, пологів, післяпологового періоду і морфофункціонального стану фетоплацентарної системи обстежено 50 вагітних жінок, які склали 3 клінічні групи: 1-ша – основна група – 14 вагітних із доброякісними пухлинами яєчників, яким проведено оперативне втручання; 2-га – група порівняння – 16 вагітних із доброякісними пухлинами яєчників, які отримували консервативне лікування; 3-тя – контрольна група – 20 пацієнток із фізіологічним перебігом вагітності. Всім пацієнткам проводили ультразвукове дослідження плода та плацентарного комплексу, морфологічне дослідження плаценти. Дослідження здійснювали на апараті «Toshiba-GF123» (Японія), працювали в масштабі реального часу із секторальними і вагінальними датчиками із частотою 3,5 і 7,0 МГц. Ультразвукову фетометрію здійснювали в режимі реального часу загальноприйнятими методами.

Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. За результатами наших досліджень, термінові пологи в основній групі відбулися у 11 ((80±5,9) %) вагітних, передчасні пологи – у 3 ((17,8±5,7) %) і запізнілі – в однієї ((2,2±2,2) %) вагітної. Частоту передчасних пологів у пацієнток групи порівняння спостерігали в 2,5 раза рідше. У контрольній групі всі вагітності завершились вчасними пологами. Синдром затримки розвитку плода (СЗРП) встановили у 3-х ((6,7±6,7) %) новонароджених основної групи і у 2-х ((9,5±6,4) %) групи порівняння. При цьому у цих пацієнток перебіг вагітності ускладнився розвитком прееклампсії, що є можливою причиною розвитку ЗРП.

Висновки. Наявність доброякісних пухлин і пухлиноподібних утворень яєчників не перешкоджає настанню і прогресуванню вагітності. Однією з проблем ведення вагітності у жінок із доброякісними пухлинами яєчників є вибір тактики їх лікування.
COGNITIVE FEATURES OF PEDAGOGICAL COMMUNICATION
Authors: Bilovus L. I. , Homotiyk O. Ye. , Fedchyshyn N. O.
Published: November 2020

The article concerns the issue of pedagogical communication, in particular its cognitive aspect. The essence of pedagogical communication has been determined in the work, the theoretical bases of cognitive function of pedagogical communication have been analyzed. The authors claimed that the cognitive features of communicativeness are manifested, developed and normalized in the process of boundless communication with the outside world. In the process of cognitive features’ formation it is necessary to take into account that the success of formation and development of these features is associated with deep knowledge of different research methods, communicative trainings and their practical application; the level of development of cognitive features of communicativeness depends on the degree of self-knowledge, self-education and self-didactics of teachers and students, it is stimulated by skillful teaching and creation of non-traditional conditions in pedagogical communication.
ФОРМУВАННЯ КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ЛІКАРІВ НА ЕТАПІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ
Authors: Kinash I. O.
Published: November 2020

Стаття присвячена проблемі формування комунікативної компетентності майбутніх медичних працівників. На основі аналізу сучасної наукової літератури проаналізовано різні підходи до визначення та інтерпретації сутності феномену «комунікативна компетентність майбутніх лікарів». У статті розглянуто різні підходи до визначення сутності понять «компетенція», «компетентність», «культурологічна компетентність». Подано порівняльний аналіз понять «компетентність» і «компетенція». Визначено структуру комунікативної компетентності майбутніх лікарів. Акцентовано увагу на гнучкості спілкування, емпатійності, рефлективності, комунікативних уміннях тощо.

Доведено, що комунікативна компетентність є одним із основних пріоритетів сучасної якісної освіти та однією із важливих складових професійної культури лікарів.

Сформульовано принципи та підходи, які покладено в основу формування комунікативної компетентності майбутніх лікарів. Розглянуто основні напрямки формування комунікативної компетентності в закладах вищої медичної освіти.

Питання комунікативної компетентності порушено філософами, психологами, педагогами, вченими-лікарями. У їхніх дослідженнях доведено необхідність розвитку комунікативної компетентності кожної особистості як у соціальній, так і професійній сферах.

Гострота проблеми формування комунікативної компетентності в царині комунікативної підготовки працівників медичної сфери визначена соціальним замовленням, яке має чітко окреслену законодавчу базу: «Національна доктрина розвитку освіти України у ХХІ столітті», Закон України «Про освіту», Закон України «Про вищу освіту» та ін. В офіційних урядових документах зазначається, що одним із пріоритетних напрямків реформування сучасної вищої освіти є підготовка високо­квалі­фікованих кадрів, здатних до творчої праці та професійного розвитку, які вміють на високому професійно-етичному рівні у складних умовах сьогодення ефективно вирішувати гострі проблеми медичної галузі.

Цим зумовлено підвищення вимог до професійних та особистісних якостей майбутніх медичних працівників. Клю­чова роль у реалізації зазначених ідей належить закладам вищої медичної освіти, оскільки саме тут формуються професійне мислення, комунікативна компетентність та майстерність майбутнього лікаря на етапі професійної підготовки.
Discurso e poder: teoria e análise
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Gonçalves-Segundo Paulo Roberto , Araes Célia Regina ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Castanheira Claudia ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Isola-Lanzoni Gabriel Isola-Lanzoni ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Penitente Natalia ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Weiss Winola ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas
Published: November 2020

O livro reúne vinte capítulos – aprovados em avaliação cega por pares e produzidos por docentes e por pesquisadores de todos os níveis acadêmicos (Iniciação Científica, Mestrado, Doutorado e Pós-Doutorado), vinculados à USP e a outras universidades brasileiras – que ilustram a diversidade de olhares teórico-metodológicas no campo dos Estudos Discursivos, bem como de suas áreas afins, para o exame de diferentes práticas sócio-historicamente ancoradas de produção, distribuição, consumo e interpretação de textos, tais como a educacional, a artística e a midiática. As principais perspectivas que embasam os estudos reunidos nessa coletânea consistem na Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, na Análise Crítica do Discurso, na Análise Dialógica do Discurso, na Semiótica, na Linguística Funcional, na Linguística Cognitiva, na Linguística Aplicada, na Lexicologia e na Teoria Literária
Gammarus liuruiyui sp. nov. (Amphipoda, Gammaridae), a new blind species from Tian Shan, China
Authors: Zheng Yami , Hou Zhonge , Li Shuqiang
Published: November 2020

A new species of the genus Gammarus Fabricius, 1775 is described and illustrated from the Tian Shan, China. Gammarus liuruiyui sp. nov. is characterized by eyes being absent; pereopods V-VII bases not expanded; uropod III with scale-like inner ramus, second article of outer ramus vestigial; and posterior margins of epimeral plates nearly straight. Detailed morphological comparisons with related species are discussed. Genetic distances of the new species and related species are provided as proof of the species delimitation.
Descriptions of a new species of Minpotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997, and a monotypic new genus of aquatic freshwater crab (Brachyura, Potamidae) from eastern Guangdong, China
Authors: Mao Si-Ying , Huang Chao
Published: November 2020

A new genus new species of freshwater crab and a new Minpotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997 species are described from eastern Guangdong, China, based on morphology and mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences. The new genus, Teoswamon gen. nov., is established for T. scolasticum sp. nov., which resembles species from several other genera from Guangdong, but its unique combination of carapace, male gonopod and female vulvae characters set it apart from others. Minpotamon kityang sp. nov. is almost identical with Minpotamon nasicum (Dai, Chen, Song, Fan, Lin & Zeng, 1979) externally, but differs drastically in the male gonopod morphology. Molecular analysis supports the current taxonomic treatments. Teoswamon scolasticum sp. nov. forms its own lineage closely related to Huananpotamon Dai & Ng, 1994. Minpotamon kityang sp. nov. clusters with Minpotamon nasicum, but their genetic distance is of an interspecific level.
The identity of Hyastenus pleione (Herbst, 1803) and description of a new species from China (Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea, Epialtidae)
Authors: Lee Bee Yan , Ng Peter K. L.
Published: November 2020

The poorly known epialtid crab, Hyastenus pleione (Herbst, 1803), from the Indian Ocean is re-described on the basis of the type material. Large sized specimens of a similar looking species from China are here assigned to a new species. The new species differs from H. pleione in having fewer large granules on the carapace, a blunt distal angle of the basal antennal article with the outer margin slightly constricted medially, possessing only one branchial granule along the lateral margin of the carapace, and has a relatively more elongate male first gonopod with the subdistal part weakly dilated.
Contributions to the knowledge of Leucosiidae VII. Liusius gen. nov. (Crustacea, Brachyura)
Authors: Shih Yi-Jia , Ho Ping-Ho , Galil Bella S.
Published: November 2020

A new genus, Liusius, is established for the East Asian leucosiid crab Leucosia longimaculata Chen & Fang, 1991. The new genus differs from Leucosia s. str. and allied genera in having the shaft of the male first gonopod coiled eight times on its axis, bearing a distal setose lobe topped by a digitate process, and prominently swollen female vulvae opening distad. The molecular phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA supports the morphological observations. The species is redescribed and illustrated.
Enthusiasm and Platonic furor in the Origins of Cartesian Science: The Olympian Dreams
Authors: Gómez López Susana
Published: November 2020

In the Olympica, the lost manuscript wherein Descartes described
his famous three dreams, he wrote that on the night of Saint Martin in 1619 he
felt asleep in a state of enthusiasm. He interpreted the dreams
that ensued as the divine revelation of the principles of a new and admirable
science. I here propose that the Olympica were a literary
fiction devised by Descartes to legitimize his arrival on the philosophical
scene by proposing the principles of a new science. The function of dreams as
the best way to reach true wisdom is in line with a long philosophical
tradition. This paper offers an attempt to understand the Cartesian
enthusiasm in its context, that is, before the criticism of
enthusiasm as something incompatible with reason became widespread and when it
was still linked to the Platonic theory of furor –
poetic and divine – the state that allows the subject access to the
truth.
Leviathan: The Metamorphosis of a Medieval Image
Authors: Khaimovich Boris
Published: November 2020

The image of Leviathan held a special fascination for artists who decorated wooden synagogues and illustrated manuscripts from the eighteenth century through the first half of the twentieth century in Eastern Europe. They usually depicted this biblical and Talmudic creature as a giant fish coiled round in a circle. A leviathan of the same shape appears at first in Jewish manuscripts produced in Germany and regions under the cultural influence of German Jews in the thirteenth century. The appearance of this image was inspired, probably, by piyutim (liturgical songs) written in this time in the same region. The Jewish commentary tradition of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries demonstrates a renewed surge of interest in this particular creature. It can be assumed that the special interest in Leviathan, both in the verbal and in the visual tradition, was correlated with the expectation of messianic times. The Leviathan represents the only image in the vault paintings of wooden synagogues that possesses a direct connection to traditional texts and manifests continuity with the Middle Ages visual traditions. In light of this, investigation into the Leviathan image in synagogue paintings is of special significance. The use of this image by Jewish artists may also shed indirect light on the meaning of other depictions that are compositionally related, and thus furnish a partial answer to the intriguing questions of the character and significance of those paintings. The present article is devoted to precisely these aspects of the Leviathan image; i.e., the genesis of its form and its semantics in synagogue paintings.