bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cities Join Forces: Interdisciplinary strategies for enhanced e-inclusion
Authors: Neirynck Evelien , Mariën Yalenka , Verhetsel Elizabeth , Parys Liesbeth Van
Published: September 2024

Achieving inclusive services requires systemic awareness and interdisciplinary collaboration. The Belgian 'City Deal E-inclusion by Design' initiative unites cities to create inclusive digital services by involving end-users in research, design and development. Service designers guide local authorities in adopting effective methods and mindsets, fostering a networkfor mutual learning and impact.
Are We, As Service Designers, Truly Empathetic?
Authors: Soto Mariluz
Published: September 2024

Service experiences feature a high degree of empathy. As service designers, we know the term’s meaning and recognise its value, but it can be difficult to specify whether it is truly present or simply an aspiration. Many tools are available for facilitating services, but how much do they really allow us to empathise with others?
AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON EFL STUDENT’S REFLECTIVE JOURNAL WRITING ON ONLINE BLOGGING AT TARBIYA AND TEACHERS TRAINING FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA
Authors: Kurniati Eka Yuni
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to find out: 1) the kinds of error made by EFL student’s reflective journal writing on online blogging, 2) the process that the EFL student did in producing errors, 3) the causes of error happened on EFL student's reflective journal writing. This study was categorized into a qualitative content analysis. The data of this study were 10 reflective journal writings of EFL student on her blogging account and the data source was one of the EFL students of State Islamic University of North Sumatera. The data were observed by purposive sampling. Thus for the results of this study, the researcher found five kinds of errors that appeared on EFL student’s reflective journal writing on her online blogging. They were; error in time, omission error, insertion error, part of speech error and other errors. The errors happened unconsciously, the EFL student made errors by eliminating, adding some unnecessary word and disordering some words in arranging sentence. There were several factors behind the occurrence of errors, namely Interlingua transfer, intralingua transfer, lack of vocabulary, and the use of inappropriate translate techniques.

 
Keywords: Error Analysis, Reflective Journal, Online Blogging, and Surface Strategy Taxonomy
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING NATURE ANIMAL DOCUMENTARY VIDEO ON STUDENT’S ABILITY IN LEARNING VOCABULARY AT ELEVENTH GRADE
Authors: Siregar Elvi Dayanti
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to find out the effect of using nature animal documentary video on students’ ability in Learning Vocabulary at tenth grade students of Mas Darul Qura’an Amplas. In this research, the researcher use the quantitative research with the a quasi-exprimental design.The sample of the research was 50 students. There are 25 students from MIA-2 as exprimental class and there are 25 students from IIS-1 as control class. The writer teach the experimental group by using nature animal documentary video and the control class without using nature animal documentary video. In control class, the researcher used the media ppt. The result of the research was significant with the average scores of exprimental class were 55,6 for the pre-test and 81 for the post-test, then the average scores for the control class were 53,4 for the pre-test and 74,8 for the post-test. The researcher found that the mean scores in the exprimental class was higher than the control class scores (81> 74,8). The t-test results also shows that t-observed (2,8) was higher than t- table at a significance level of 5% (0,05) with 48 degrees of freedom of 2,063. The result of the calculation showed that the statistic data of both showed that t-observed was higher than t-table (2,8 > 2,063 p = 0.05). It means that Null Hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. The calculation was showed that there is a significant effect of using animal documentary video on student’s ability in learning vocabulary.

 Keywords : Vocabulary, Student’s Ability and Nature Animal Documentary Video.
UTILIZING WATTPAD APPLICATION TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ SKILL IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT AT THE EIGHT GRADE OF SMP YAYASAN PERGURUAN KELUARGA PEMATANGSIANTAR 2020/2021 ACADEMIC YEAR
Authors: Amalia Tanjung Dhara
Published: September 2024

The objective of  this  research  is  to  improve students’  skill in writing in Narrative Text by utilizing the Wattpad Application at the eight grade students of Junior High School. In conducting the study, the researcher involved the English teacher, the school principal, and the students at the second grade of Senior  High  School  especially  VIII-1  class.  This  research  conduct  at  SMP Yayasan Perguruan Keluarga Pematangsiantar as the subject of researcher. The subject of this research were consisted of 25 students. The research conduct with classroom  action  research.  In  conducting  this  action  research,  the  researcher divided  the  action  into  two  cycles.  The  researcher  collaborated  with  English teacher  in  implementing  the  actions.  The  data  of  this  study  were  mostly qualitative although there were some quantitative data. The qualitative data were from observation sheet, interview transcripts, and documentation,. While the quantitative data were from Pre-Test, Post-Test I and Post-Test II, The result of students’ score shows that the students’ average score keep improving in every test. The students’ average score in pre-test was 57.7, There were 2 students (8 %) who passed the Minimum Mastery criterion (75). In the Post-tTst in cycle I, there was 10 students (40%) who passed the score 75. In the Post-Test in cycle II there was 22 students (81.8%) who passed the Minimum Mastery criterion (75). Based on the quantitative data above, it can be seen that the students’ score showed the improvement from the first  to  the  last  test.  Furthermore,  the qualitative data showed that all the learning activities gave contributions not only improved the students’  skills  in  writing  Narrative  Text  but  also  the  students’  confidence, interest, enthusiasm, and motivation.
THE EFFECT OF GALLERY WALK STRATEGY ON THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH AT SMA NEGERI 2 BIREM BAYEUN ACEH TIMUR
Authors: NURHALIMAH NURHALIMAH
Published: September 2024

This study was aimed to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of the gallery walk strategy on students’ ability in writing descriptive paragraphs in the tenth grade of SMA Birem Bayeun Aceh in 2020/2021 academic year. This research used quantitative method and the research design used is a quasi-experimental design. The population of this study were all tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 2 Birem Bayeun Aceh Timur. The sample technique used total sampling that consist of 47 students. The sample are divided into two groups: class X MIA1 as an experimental class consist of 24 students and X MIA2 as a control class consist of 23 students. The instrument of this research was written test. The results and the effect size of this study were obtained from data calculations using t-test with a significance level of (α) =0,05. The results showed that the post-tests’ mean score in the experimental class was 78,45 while in the control class it was 60,26. thus means the post-tests’ mean score in the experimental class is higher than the control class (78,45 > 60,26). Therefore, the statistical hypothesis test showed that the ρ-value of the post-test and the gained score is 0.000 < sig α 0,05. The effect size of this result is 1,53. It can be conclude that the alternatives hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. It means that the gallery walk strategy was significant effect on the students’ ability in writing descriptive paragraph at SMA Negeri 2 Birem Bayeun Aceh Timur in academic year.
AN ERROR ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF PREPOSITIONS IN STUDENT’S DESCRIPTIVE TEXT IN WRITING OF THE EIGHTH YEAR STUDENTS IN MTS SWASTA AL-JUMHURIY AH SEI ROTAN
Authors: NURHAMIDAH RISKA NURHAMIDAH
Published: September 2024

The objective of this research is to identify the types of students error in using prepositional place in descriptive text that made by eight grade students of MTS Swasta Al-Jumhuriyah  Seirotan,   to   identify  the   cause  of  students   make  error  in  using prepositional place. That most of students did not pay attention about using prepositional correctly in sentence.This research is qualitative research. The object of research show there are four types error made by students, omission, addition, misordering, and misformation. Based on the data, the frequency of student’s error in using prepositional place is mostly occurred in prepositional in place in with 35 errors. The second is prepositional on with 14 errors. The third is prepositional place at with 12 errors.
EFFORTS TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES USING THE TIME TOKEN STRATEGY IN THE LEARNING OF CIVILITY EDUCATION
Authors: Mardhiah Ainol
Published: September 2024

<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Palatino Linotype';" lang="IN">This study aims to analyze efforts to improve student learning outcomes using the time token strategy in Civics learning at MIS Cot Keutapang. This study used a class action research approach (PTK) for 2 cycles. The results of the study can be concluded that the use of the time token method can improve the learning outcomes of Civics students on Heroism and Patriotism in class IV students of MIS Cot Keutapang. Based on the results of the implementation of learning corrective actions, it can be stated that in the pre-cycle only 8 students (28.57%) achieved the KKM target of 70. After implementing the first cycle actions there were 18 students (64.29%) who had reached the KKM target. and in the evaluation results of cycle II there were 28 students (100.00%) students who had achieved learning mastery.
EFFORTS TO IMPROVE THE PROCESS MATHEMATICS LEARNING AT MIN 49 BIREUEN
Authors: Anita Anita
Published: September 2024

<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Palatino Linotype';" lang="IN">This study aims to analyze efforts to improve the process of learning mathematics at MIN 49 Bireuen. This study used a qualitative method and the subjects were taken by students of grades 3, 4, 5 and 6 MIN 49 Bireuen. Collecting research data using observation techniques, interviews, and documentation. This study concluded that the results of the interview process at the low and high grade levels were that many of them lacked understanding and lack of interest in learning mathematics at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The factors that hinder the process of learning mathematics, including the lack of interest and motivation of students towards learning and the methods used by the teacher are too monotonous so that it makes students less interested and excited to take part in the process of learning mathematics.
EFFECTIVENESS OF GROUP GUIDANCE SERVICES IN MINIMIZING SMARTPHONE ADDICTION
Authors: Winarni Ita
Published: September 2024

Smartphone addiction is a problem among students in the technology era. In this context, guidance from adults (teachers or parents) is needed for children (students). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of group guidance services in minimizing smartphone addiction. The background of this research is at SDN 101910 Sidodadi, specifically the research subjects, namely 30 students of class VI for the academic year 2022/2023 to test how big the level of smartphone addiction is among students, between before and after being given group guidance services. The type of this research is counseling guidance action research (PTBK), carried out in 2 cycles. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively using questionnaires and observations. The results of this study indicate the level of smartphone addiction of VI SDN 101910 Sidodadi students when a pre-test was held on 8 students (26.7%), 2 students in the high category, and 6 students in the very high category. Furthermore, in the first cycle, group guidance services were provided through group discussions, lectures, questions and answers, and filling out questionnaires. There were 2 students (6.7%) who were still addicted to smartphones in the high category and 4 students in the medium category, 2 students in the low category. In cycle II, 1 student (3.3%) was still addicted to smartphones in the high category, 3 students in the low category, and 4 students in the very low category. Thus, it was concluded that the level of smartphone addiction in students decreased after being given counseling services.
THE CONCEPT OF CHILDREN'S EDUCATION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE QURAN
Authors: Rusdiati Leni
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the concept of children's education in the perspective of the Koran. In this context, the essence of the meaning of the term tarbiyah becomes the basic foundation of research. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method. Data collection and analysis was carried out using scientific reference materials, including scientific articles, books, proceedings and final assignments (thesis, theses, dissertations) which were tracked via the internet on the google scholar indexer, DOAJ, science direct, and scimago JR. The results of this study found that the concept of child education in the Qur'an contains an element of "love" like parental education for children in the concept of tarbiyah. The elements of the concept of education for children in the perspective of the Qur'an describe learning obligations, educational goals, the role of educators, educational objects, educational methods, and educational materials for children. Thus, the education given to children is comprehensively based on the worldview of monotheism in realizing human beings (perfect).
APPLICATION OF INFORMATION SERVICES TO IMPROVE GOOD CHARACTER IN CLASS X STUDENTS AT SMA NEGERI 10 MEDAN
Authors: Morisca Aulia , Nur Zaharuddin
Published: September 2024

In general, the age of students is the age of character formation. The better the child's character, the more advanced his educational thinking and behavior will be. Character is what must be prioritized in schools, because character aims to shape humans into an advanced and modern era, character also encourages a developing mindset. Information services are services that attempt to cover individual deficiencies in required information. The aim of this research is to improve good character in class The research technique used was a simple random sampling technique, in two cycles, where the first cycle was planning and ended with the second cycle with the evaluation stage. Meanwhile, to obtain information data from the results of this research, the researcher used a questionnaire distribution which will be a comparison of before the service was implemented and after the service was implemented, which is in the form of a simple percentage. . The results of distributing and collecting questionnaire data in the first cycle were with an average value of 63.81 (low), then distributing and collecting questionnaire data again in the second cycle with an average value of 96.06 (high), it can be understood that the implementation of the service Information to Improve Good Character in Students at SMA Negeri 10 Medan for the 2022/2023 Academic Year increases.
THE EFFECT OF TRADING PLACE STRATEGY ON READING COMPREHENSION AT EIGHT GRADE STUDENTS AT MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH MADINATUSSALAM SEI ROTAN
Authors: Putri Panjaitan Silmy Anggita
Published: September 2024

This research was aimed to find out whether the students’ ability in reading comprehension who taught by trading place strategy is better than without trading place strategy. The method of this research was quantitative method with the experimental research. The population of this research was the eight grade student which is distributed into two classes totally 60 students. There were 30 students in experimental class and there were 30 students in the control class. The finding of this research shows that teaching reading comprehension by using trading place strategy is effective. The mean of experimental class from pre-test was 34.00 and post-test was 71.67. It was proved by tvalues (17.530) which is higher than ttable (1.671) in degree significance 5%. Furthermore, the hypothesis test that sign 2- tailed (p) was 0.00 while alpha (α) was 0.05 (0.00 < 0.005). It means that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. So, the students’ ability in reading comprehension who taught trading place strategy is better than without trading place strategy.
THE EFFECT OF ABA ENGLISH APPLICATION ON THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY AT THE EIGHTH GRADE OF MTs SWASTA AL KHOIR MANANTI PADANG LAWAS
Authors: Marjannah Nasution Siti
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study is to answer the following questions: when they taught with the ABA English Application without the ABA English Application, the students' report cards in vocabulary mastery are better. The subjects in this study were 25 students of Class VIII-B MTs Swasta Al-Khoir Mananti Padang Lawas. The results revealed that: ABA English Application shows that in test implementation, particularly in vocabulary mastery, the use of applications in learning can produce good scores. It can be seen from the grades of the students. The assessment of test outcomes focuses on the learners' vocabulary mastery of the students. The assessment of test results is focused on students’ vocabulary mastery in the learners. The normality and homogeneity test was used for the interpretation of the requirements test, while the t-test formula was used for data analysis.The authors continued after the data was analyzed; (1) The learning outcomes of students’ understanding of new vocabulary using the ABA English application reached 80.24 and a standard deviation of 7.102. (2) The learning outcomes of students' understanding of new vocabulary obtained did not use the 68.4 application and the standard deviation of 6,244 t test values were 167.72 and ttable 1.708. So, the ttest is higher than the ttable. So that, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) proposed is accepted and zero (Ho) is rejected. This means that both the use of the ABA English Application for student achievement in  mastering new vocabulary based  on  the results  of  this  study,  the suggestion is that the ABA English application can be used as an alternative medium in learning to vocabulary mastery.
Stress Corrosion Cracking Analysis of The ER70S Wire and SS400 Stell Plate Joints
Authors:   Brawijaya University, Darmadi Djarot B. , Satrio Andika Dewa ,   Brawijaya University, Utomo Slamet Prasetyo ,   Brawijaya University
Published: September 2024

The susceptibility of weld joints to the stress corrosion cracking(SCC) load alarmed the researchers since pipeline blow-out which were initiated in the area closed to the weld joints. This article is evaluating the SCC resiliences of the ER70S wire filler metal to the SS400 plate. The capacitive discharge welding (CDW) with varied angle of the filler metal as an independent variable is applied, whilst the other parameters were kept constant. The joint, then exposed to the SCC load, i.e., dipped in the 1M HCl solution with varied external tensile load to obtain the dependent variable: time to failure (time to brake). The results show that, generally, a sharper wire tip provides higher SCC resilience accept what was shown by the 30° speciment. With the sharper wire tip, the higher volume of weld nugget is provided which guarentee the enough number of weld metal. However, the impact phenomenon in the CDW process splashed this too much nugget beyond the formed joint which is proven by many spatter in the weld joint. This thrown out nugget substance in turn decreases the intended nugget volume to form the joint. The results show the 60° wire tip angle provide the joint with the highest SCC resiliences, indicated by the longest time to brake when loaded with an equal external load.
Corrosion Behaviour of Stainless Steel 316L in Chloride Environment After Dry Machining by Face Milling at Various Spindle Speed
Authors:   Brawijaya University, Widodo Teguh Dwi , Raharjo Rudianto ,   Brawijaya University, Bintarto Redi ,   Brawijaya University, Suharto Lucky Haris ,   Brawijaya University, Wahyudiono Arif ,   Malang State University, Alamsyah Fikrul Akbar ,   Brawijaya University
Published: September 2024

This study attempts to investigate the impact of spindle speed on the corrosion characteristics of 316L stainless steel during the face milling process in dry condition. The machining parameters, such as spindle speed, have an impact on the surface properties of the material after the processes. It is essential to devote significant attention that these parameters can still affect the surface condition of 316L stainless steel, which may then affect its corrosion properties. This research aimed to examine the corrosion characteristics of 316L stainless steel subsequent to the face milling process using the potentiodynamic polarization technique in a chloride-containing environment. The face milling technique use a 6 mm carbide cutter tool, with spindle speed variations of 1800 rpm, 1600 rpm, and 1400 rpm. The feed rate is maintained in constant rate, which is 0.002 mm/rev. The findings of the corrosion rate test indicate that variations in spindle speed lead to fluctuations in the corrosion rate value. There finding shows an inverse relationship between the value of spindle speed and the corrosion rate, wherein an increase in spindle speed corresponds to a decrease in the corrosion rate.
Influence of Temperature and Blending Ratio on Product Yield for Co-gasification of Torrefied Palm Kernel Shell (TPKS) and Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Ibrahim Nur Rahimah , Ahmad Razi ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Mohd Ishak Mohd Azlan ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Siripatana Chairat ,   Walailak University
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the product yields produced from the co-gasification of torrefied palm kernel shell (TPKS) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Prior co-gasification, PKS was undergo pre-treatment process at different temperature. The optimum parameter for torrefaction was found at 250 oC for 60 min reaction time with 4.89 wt.% moisture content and 10.48 wt.% fixed carbon. Thus, the result indicated that TPKS a suitable fuel feedstock for further thermal conversion. Then, TPKS and LDPE were gasified at different temperature and blending ratio for 60 min reaction time. The results showed that, Co-gasification is significantly influenced by temperature. A higher gasification temperature improves the gasification rate by increasing carbon conversion. By varying temperature from 600 to 1000 oC, the tar production dropped significantly from 49.61 to 35.03 wt.%, while the gas yield grew significantly from 25.88 to 45.94 wt.%. However, as temperature increased from 800 to 1000 oC, tar yield increased from 26.58 to 35.03 wt.%. Meanwhile, char yield decreased from 24.50 wt.% to 19.02 wt.% when the temperature from 600 to 1000 oC. For the effect of blending ratio, through blending of TPKS and LDPE, the gas and char yield increase, while tar decrease with increase torrefied TPKS ratioAdditionally, it was found that the highest gas yield with low tar and char yield was obtained from the co-gasification of TPKS and LDPE at 50:50 blending ratios produce the than another blending ratio. Therefore, based on the effect of temperature and blending ratio on product yield shows that the optimum parameter to produce maximum gas yield with minimum tar and char yield are at 50:50 (TPKS: LDPE) blending ratio at 800oC for 60 minutes reaction time. The gas analysis exhibited in increasing H2 composition when the reaction time increase for TPKS: LDPEcompared than UnPKS:LDPE.
The Effect of Soaking on CBR Values in Soft Soils Stabilized with Stone Ash and Sand
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Medan, Juliana Nova , Bawadi Nor Faizah ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Endriani Debby ,   Universitas Amir Hamzah
Published: September 2024

Constructing in the soft soil is necessary to improve. The improvement of soft soil by mixing natural materials, namely stone ash and sand, reduces the impact of environmental damage when using chemical additives. Variations of materials mixture were 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. To determine the strength of the soil that has been mixed with natural materials, a test called the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is carried out. The CBR laboratory test illustrates the conditions that will occur in the field. This CBR test was carried out using soaked and un-soaked methods. For testing by soaking, mixed variations of 0% and 5% obtained a low CBR value. The highest was 10% mixed variation and decreased to 15% and 20%. The CBR test without soaking had the highest CBR value at 5% mixture variation and the lowest at 0%. Adding a mixture variation above 5% causes the CBR value to decrease slowly. The results of the tests show that soaking the soil makes the soil condition saturated with water so that the resulting CBR value becomes very low.
Optimization of Ammonia Removal from Landfill Leachate by Aeration Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors:   Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Haslina H. , Norfatiha I. ,   Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Norruwaida J. ,   Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Ammar M. R. ,   AMR Environmental Sdn Bhd, Sara Y. Y. ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Abdul Manaf N. ,   Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology
Published: September 2024

Landfill leachate has a high concentration of ammonia, making it a harmful pollutant for both surface and groundwater. One of the most favoured methods for removing ammonia from leachate is aeration, as it has been proven to remove a significant amount of ammonia in the most efficient and economical way. The effect of operational variables on ammonia removal efficiency by aeration was investigated in the current study by applying Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach. Three operating parameters such as airflow rate, aeration time and lime dosage were investigated to achieve the optimization of ammonia removal. The optimal parameters for a favourable reaction of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3N) removal were found to be 6 L/min airflow, 90 minutes aeration time, and a lime dosage of 6 g/L. At these ideal conditions, Quadratic RSM predicted a maximum NH3N removal of 98.0%, which has been validated by the experiment and successfully removed 97.6%. The finding also showed that airflow rate and aeration time were more significant than lime dosage for NH3N removal. Due to increased contact time between air and liquid, regardless of the amount of lime used, increasing the aeration period ammonia removal efficiency. Considering the influential factors, determining the optimum condition for ammonia removal by aeration will explain the potential interferences that may inhibit the efficient recovery of NH3N. Hence, aeration is a promising approach for ammonia removal from landfill leachate.
Зависимость режима дозирования от скорости ацетилирования изониазида у пациентов с впервые выявленным туберкулезом легких
Authors: Краснова Наталия Михайловна , Николаев Вячеслав Михайлович , Татаринова Ольга Викторовна , Прокопьев Егор Спиридонович , Венгеровский Александр Исаакович , Сычев Дмитрий Алексеевич
Published: September 2024

Полиморфизм гена N-ацетилтрансферазы 2 определяет вариабельность фармакокинетики изониазида, влияет на эффективность и безопасность этого препарата при лекарственно-чувствительном туберкулезе легких. Установлена значительная вариабельность максимальной, средней равновесных концентраций и площади под фармако- кинетической кривой изониазида, введенного внутривенно капельно в суточных дозах 10 или 5 мг/кг больным с медленным, промежуточным и быстрым типом ацетилирования при участии N-ацетилтрансферазы 2. При применении изониазида в суточной дозе 10 или 5 мг/кг достигается терапевтический диапазон концентраций препарата в плазме 3 – 6 мкг/мл независимо от фенотипа ацетилирования. Для эффективного и безопасного применения этого препарата у больных туберкулезом легких с медленным типом ацетилирования рекомендуется назначать изониазид в суточной дозе 5 мг/кг. Для предотвращения неблагоприятных результатов лечения и снижения частоты побочных эффектов необходимо проводить фармакогенетически обоснованную коррекцию дозирования изониазида.
Создание в XIX веке солевых препаратов для внутривенного введения
Authors: Сергеева Мария Сергеевна , Крылов Николай Николаевич
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена истории появления солевых растворов для внутривенного введения в качестве кровезаменителя. Подчеркнут российский приоритет в этой области благодаря опытам сотрудников «Заведения искусственных минеральных вод на Остоженке» химика R. Hermann и врача F. Jaehnichen в 1830 г., работавших под руководством Х. И. Лодера.
‘Sporting merit’ in European Union law
Authors: Íñiguez Guillermo
Published: September 2024

‘Sporting merit’ played a central role in the judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in European Super League Company and Royal Antwerp, However, the concept has been undertheorised, and its role in the so-called ‘European sport model’ (‘ESM’) has been understudied. This article seeks to address this literature gap by understanding both the meaning and role of ‘sporting merit’ in EU law. It begins by analysing the Court’s use of ‘sporting merit’ in its recent case law, arguing that the concept has become a cornerstone of the ESM. It then attempts to conceptualise ‘sporting merit,’ arguing that there are two possible ways to define this concept: a ‘static’ one, which prioritises the reward of immediate sporting achievements; and a ‘dynamic’ one, which places a greater emphasis on the promotion of long-term competitive balance. To understand the respective implications of these definitions, this article then explores how sporting merit is approached in both Europe and the USA. It argues that, whereas the ESM places a greater emphasis on the ‘static’ understanding of sporting merit, its North American counterpart embraces a ‘dynamic’ approach thereto, for example through financial redistribution and through sport-related corrective mechanisms such as draft systems. Building on the above, this article queries whether – and if so how – such corrective mechanisms could be incorporated into the ESM; whether doing so would lead to a more coherent approach to the promotion of ‘sporting merit,’ and whether it would be more in line with Article 165 TFEU.
Applying Territory Marketing in the Regional Development Equalization
Authors: Larecheva Elena , Radkova Natalya
Published: September 2024

The article considers the issues of uneven development of the Russian regions. As one of the instruments for equalizing regional development, it is proposed to introduce measures in the field of territorial marketing as a means of attracting public attention to a specific territory to accelerate its further development. The stages of regional marketing formation are identified and disclosed. The paper indicates marketing measures and the expected effect from them among the areas of influence necessary for the comprehensive development of the territory. Using the example of the Bryansk region, actions in the field of territorial marketing are proposed with an indication of the expected effect.
Comparative efficacy of new combined drugs against complicated otodectic mange in small domestic animals
Authors: Agureeva O. V.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the research is to evaluate the comparative efficacy of two veterinary drugs («Inspector ear drops» and «Rolf Club 3D ear drops») to treat dogs and cats for otodectic mange complicated by otitis media of bacterial etiology.Materials and methods. A total of 36 animals participated in the studies. The studies were carried out at the VNIIP – FSC VIEV. The diagnosis was confirmed comprehensively from epidemiological data, clinical signs and laboratory tests. Microscopy of scrapings taken from the inner surface of the ears was performed to detect Otodectes cynotis. Bacteriological and mycological examination of ear canal discharge was conducted according to established procedures. Ear canal otoscopic examination was performed using a veterinary otoscope. For therapeutic purposes, the experimental animals were treated with «Inspector ear drops» and «Rolf Club 3D ear drops» as per instructions for use.Results and discussion. The initial comprehensive clinical examination diagnosed otodectic mange in all animals as complicated by acute otitis media of bacterial etiology. On treatment day 8, the animals showed a positive effect of the studied drugs; clinical signs of the disease reduced significantly. In a repeated clinical examination on day 11, most animals showed clinical recovery that was confirmed by negative bacteriological and mycological studies. Acarological studies showed no mites on days 8 and 14-15. However, the course of treatment was extended to 14 days for two dogs, after which their complete clinical recovery was observed. After the end of the study, the animals from the control group were treated with «Rolf Club 3D ear drops». Thus, an assessment of the results revealed that the drugs for veterinary use, «Inspector ear drops» and «Rolf Club 3D ear drops» showed an identical therapeutic effect in dogs and cats against otodectic mange complicated by acute bacterial otitis media.
Effects of probiotic Subalin on body weight gain in broiler chickens with spontaneous eimeriosis
Authors: Safiullin R. T. , Tashbulatov A. A. , Bondarenko L. A.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the research is to study the probiotic Subalin effects on body weight gain in broiler chickens with spontaneous eimeriosis.Materials and methods. On a poultry farm in the Moscow Region, the body weight gain dynamics was studied in 120 floormanaged broiler chickens aged 9 to 40 days spontaneously infected with eimeria after administration of different doses of the probiotic Subalin vs. control. The chickens selected for the experiment were divided into four similar groups of 30 birds each. Subalin was administered to the first group chickens at a dose of 1.5 mL per 1 L of drinking water, while the broilers of the second and third groups were administered Subalin at a dose of 2 and 2.5 mL per 1 L of water, respectively. Subalin doses were given to the chickens of groups 1–3 in three stages: on 11–12; 18–19 and 26–27 days of age for consecutive 48 hours. The broilers of group 4 did not receive the drug and served as a control. The chickens of all groups underwent clinical, hematological, and coprological examinations; they were kept in similar conditions on the floor, in isolation, and fed as per zootechnical standards. Control weighing of the chickens was done on days 10 and 40 of their growth.Results and discussion. The total weight gain of the group 1 chickens was 1985 g in the experiment; 2203 g and 2214 g in groups 2 and 3, respectively, and 1803 g in the control group. The productivity of the experimental chickens was 10.1; 22.2 and 22.8% higher vs. control. The Subalin optimal dose was 2 mL per 1 L of drinking water according to the above scheme. The tested doses of Subalin had positive effects on the number of enterobacteria in the chicken intestines. Blood tests showed no statistically significant changes in clinical or hematological parameters in the experimental and control chickens.
Infinite Product Formula Involving the Glaisher’s Constant
Authors: Llorente Antonio Gracia
Published: September 2024

We prove an infinite product formula related to the Glaisher’s constant A usingseries involving Riemann Zeta functions.
Five lessons to avoid failing at scaling in conservation
Authors: Pienkowski Thomas , Jagadish Arundhati , Battista Willow , Blaise Gloria Christelle , Christie Alec Philip , Clark Matt , Emenyu Antony Philip , Joglekar Abha , Nielsen Kristian Steensen , Powell Tom , White Thomas B. , Mills Morena
Published: September 2024

Many attempts to scale conservation actions have failed to deliver their intended benefits, caused unintended harm, or later been abandoned, hampering efforts to bend the curve on biodiversity loss. Here, we encourage those calling for scaling to pause and reflect on past scaling efforts, which offer valuable lessons: the total impact of an action depends on both its effectiveness and scalability; effectiveness can change depending on scale for multiple reasons, feedback processes can change socio-ecological conditions influencing future adoption, and the drive to scale can incentivise bad practices that undermine long-term outcomes. Cutting across these themes is the recognition that monitoring scaling can enhance evidence-informed adaptive management, reporting, and research. We draw on evidence and concepts from disparate fields, explore novel linkages between often isolated concepts, and suggest strategies for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers. Reflecting on these five lessons may help scale effective conservation actions in responsible ways to meet the triple goals of reversing biodiversity loss, combating climate change, and supporting human well-being.
Exploring the Rule of Law in Academic Discourse: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Kantorowicz Jaroslaw , González-Bustamante Bastián
Published: September 2024

The rule of law is a foundational concept of state governance, admired for its ideals but also subject to significant controversy, particularly concerning its precise definition. Given the complexity of this evolving field, both in theory and practice, our article systematically analyzes the existing academic literature on the rule of law, focusing on two primary objectives. Firstly, it seeks to elucidate the intellectual structure of the rule of law field by identifying, among others, key sources, references and influential authors. Secondly, it aims to delineate the thematic focus within the rule of law literature. To accomplish these objectives, the article employs a bibliometric analysis that includes topic modeling and network analysis techniques. This article serves as an invaluable resource for those who are new to the field of the rule of law, providing a concise and comprehensive overview of its complex landscape.
Drugs are neither good nor evil
Authors: Balaet Maria
Published: September 2024

Psychoactive drugs are agents with significant potential, intriguing in their complexity and powerful in their effects. However, the moral valence often attributed to these effects – whether positive or negative – is not an intrinsic property of the drugs themselves. Instead, it is attributed by humans, for whom it is shaped by the surrounding context, including socio-cultural factors, specific circumstances, and the intentions of those administering or experimenting with them. The present study uses natural language processing to perform sentiment mining across research paper abstracts indexed by PubMed. The retrieved articles were published in English after the drug prohibition instantiated by the Controlled Substances Act, between 1970-2023, in relation to either psychedelics, cannabis, cocaine, MDMA, heroin, and ketamine. The results suggest that discussions in scientific literature related to drugs tend to be toned in a neutral fashion. This neutrality underscores the notion that our perceptions and attitudes towards drugs are more a reflection of societal norms, changing times and potentially interpretations of scientific findings rather than a product of scientific discourse per se. This perspective opens up a philosophical inquiry: Is it feasible or even meaningful to classify drugs as inherently good or bad? In contemplating this question, it becomes apparent that the moral framing of drugs is largely a human construct, influenced by various external factors. The challenge, then, is to disentangle these subjective interpretations from the objective properties of the drugs, fostering a more nuanced understanding that acknowledges both the complexity of drug effects as well as the powerful role of context in shaping our perceptions and experiences.
Organoid Computer Vision: A Survey and Outlook
Authors: Ulhaq Anwaar
Published: September 2024

This paper introduces an intersection of computer vision, organoid biology, and artificial intelligence by naming it Organoid Computer Vision (OCV). OCV is emerging as an interdisciplinary field that leverages advanced computational techniques to analyze and interpret organoid imaging data. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of OCV, exploring its foundational principles, methodologies, and applications. It begins by defining the scope of OCV and highlighting its significance in advancing both organoid research and computer vision techniques. Key contributions from recent studies are analyzed, emphasizing innovations in imaging technologies, data processing algorithms, and machine learning models tailored for organoid analysis. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and limitations faced by researchers in this field, including issues related to data quality, computational complexity, and the integration of biological insights. Looking forward, we outline potential future directions for OCV research, including developing more sophisticated models, applying OCV in personalized medicine, and the ethical considerations of using computer vision in organoid research contexts. This survey aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners, fostering further advancements and interdisciplinary collaboration in the field of Organoid Computer Vision.
Motivations for using music for sleep: insights from YouTube comments
Authors: Scarratt Rebecca Jane , Stupacher Jan , Vuust Peter , Jespersen Kira Vibe
Published: September 2024

Research suggests that sleep music should be soft, calm, and with minimal pitch and dynamic changes. However, recent studies show that some people use loud and energetic pop songs as sleep aids, challenging traditional views on sleep music. This could be due to people’s various motivations for using music to help them sleep, such as improving one’s mood, distracting oneself, or relaxing. To investigate the link between sleep music motivations and musical characteristics, we analyzed YouTube comments on music for sleep in single-tracks and compilation-tracks, a collection of many different music pieces stuck together. There were significantly more sleep terms for calm than for energetic single-tracks. For compilations-tracks, Sleep- and Relax-related comments were associated with having no melody, slower tempo, fewer than 5 instruments, and a repetitive structure. Conversely, Distract- and Mood- related comments were linked to music with higher dynamic variation and more than 5 instruments. This suggests that the type of music chosen for sleep varies based on individual motivations. While calm music aligns with relaxation, more energetic music could suit those seeking distraction or mood regulation, highlighting the importance of considering listener motivation in sleep-related music interventions.
Predicting meaning in the dyad.
Authors: Kerr Emilia , Morillon Benjamin , Strijkers Kristof
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the role of meaning prediction in dyadic interactions. Participants engaged in a semantic association game where predictability of upcoming semantic categories was manipulated. Results showed that predictability sped up speech production in both interlocutors. Critically, our study reveals that meaning prediction not only aids language comprehension and subsequent speech production for the interlocutor completing a predictable sentence, but facilitates the verbal behavior from the conversational partner even more. This result demonstrates an incremental dyadic predictability effect in interlocutors during language interaction; a finding which offers empirical support for a key property of theories on joint action and interactive dialogue models, namely that successful social interaction and language use involve predicting and representing linguistic representations of ‘both’ partners in a dyad.
Building Resilience Among College Students: A Cross-Cultural Investigation on the Importance of Quality Crisis Communication and Social Support
Authors: Ndone James
Published: September 2024

Building on job demands-resources (JD-R model) and the social support theory, this study investigates how perceived quality of crisis communication and social support influence perceived uncertainties, emotional exhaustion, and resilience among college students in Kenya and the United States during the COVID-19 crisis. Data were collected using a survey (N= 394). The results indicate that higher perceived quality of crisis communication is associated with lower perceived uncertainties about the COVID-19 crisis. Both peer and advisor support are found to reduce students' perceived uncertainties. Notably, Kenyan students reported receiving more peer support compared to American students, while American students reported higher levels of advisor support. Additionally, perceived uncertainties mediated the relationship between advisor support and emotional exhaustion. Contrary to expectations, organizational intransigence did not moderate the relationship between social support and perceived uncertainties. Finally, a positive association was observed between perceived quality of crisis communication and resilience among students. These findings suggest the importance of effective crisis communication and social support in fostering resilience among students, with implications for both policy and practice across different cultural contexts.
The role of working memory in visual statistical learning: a review
Authors: Vicente-Conesa Francisco , Vadillo Miguel A.
Published: September 2024

Visual statistical learning (VSL) is the ability to detect the regularities in the environment and exploit them to interact with our visual world in a more efficient way. Traditionally, this type of learning has been considered as automatic, incidental, inflexible, unconscious, and independent of availability of cognitive resources. The current manuscript reviews the role of working memory in VSL. In the studies that address this question, participants are asked to complete a visual search task where the presentation of the stimuli follows a statistical regularity. The search task is often combined with a concurrent secondary task that is intended to deplete participants’ working-memory resources. We discuss the evidence arising from studies that have addressed this question using popular statistical learning paradigms such as contextual cueing and location probability cueing. The contradictory results found in the (still scarce) literature on this topic lead us to conclude that the role of working memory in VSL is far from being completely understood.
Self-Disclosure Bridges Political Divides by Making Opponents Feel Connected
Authors: Kubin Emily , Versteegen Peter Luca , Gray Kurt
Published: September 2024

Many people see those with different political beliefs as enemies. We argue that self-disclosure between partisans may help reduce this hostility. Relationship research shows that self-disclosure reliably increases interpersonal connection and relationship depth. We suggest that political relationships—and conversations—might also be improved by encouraging self-disclosure. More self-disclosure can be achieved by altering different elements of conversations, including content (sharing personal stories rather than facts), setting (e.g., living rooms rather than subways), and framing (simply stating that discussions are self-disclosing). Five studies show that self-disclosure helps bridge divides, moving political opponents away from animosity and towards respect and civility.