bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSE DES COMPARAISONS DANS LE ROMAN « LA GRAMMAIRE EST UNE CHANSON DOUCE »
Authors: Manik Loly Wandoro , Pakpahan Balduin , Syahrin Elvi
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAKLoly Wandoro Manik. NIM. 2123131033. “Analisis Perbandingan dalam novel yang berjudul La Grammaire Est Une Chanson Douce ". Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Prancis. Jurusan Bahasa Asing. Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni. Universitas Negeri Medan. 2017.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis majas perbandingan dan alat perbandingan dari majas perbandingan yang ditemukan di dalam novel La Grammaire Est Une Chanson Douce oleh Erik Orsenna. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori Lundquist (1983) dan Ortony (dalam Reboul 1991 : 81)Metode ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah novel La Grammaire Est Une Chanson Douce oleh Erik Orsenna. Metode menjelaskan kondisi kebenaran, dan memprioritaskan data yaitu teori.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada 33 data majas perbandingan yang terdiri dari 2 majas perbandingan literal dan 31 majas perbandingan non literal. Novel biasanya menggunakan majas non literal supaya kalimat di dalam novel menarik dan kita dapat melihat bahwa terdapat banyak kosa-kata dan ekspresi yang baru. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan ada 3 alat pembanding digunakan dalam novel. Ketiganya ialah “comme, semblable à, tel”. Kita menemukan alat pembanding “comme” ada 30 kali digunakan, alat pembanding “tel” ada 2 kali digunakan dan mengenai alat pembanding “semblable à” hanya ditemukan 1 kali. Penggunaan alat pembanding “comme” lebih dominan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan keberadaan alat pembanding ini di dalam contoh teori diberikan dalam teori Lundquist (1983) dan Ortony (dalam Reboul 1991 :81).Kata kunci: gaya bahasa, perbandingan literal, perbandingan non literal, alat pembanding, novel.
ACTE DE LANGAGE DE REQUÊTE DIRECTE ET INDIRECTE DANS LE FILM AMOUR ET TURBULENCE
Authors: , M.Pd. Dr. Irwandy , Syahrin, M.Hum. Dra. Elvi
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK Sartika Purba. 2123131045, “Tindak Tutur Meminta Secara Langsung dan Tidak Langsung dalam Film Amour et Turbulence”. Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Prancis. Jurusan Bahasa Asing. Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Medan 2017.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis tindak tutur meminta secara langsung dan tidak langsung yang ditemukan dalam film Amour et Turbulence. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori Blum-Kulka dalam penelitian Fallou MBOW (2001).Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Perpustakan Bahasa dan Seni UNIMED. Metode ini menggunakan deskritif kualitatif.Metode menjelaskan kondisi kebenaran, dan memprioritaskan data yaitu teori. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah film Amour et Turbulence.Setelah melakukan analisis penelitian meminta dakam film ini, dapat kita simpulkan bahwa percakapan meminta secara langsung dan tidak langsung dalam film ini memiliki jenis- jenis bentuk yang sesuai dengan konteks yang berbeda- beda dan terdapat tiga bentuk l’acte de langage de requête directe et indirecte yaitu; la formulation directe, la formulation indirecte conventionnelle, dan la formulation indirecte non-conventionnelle.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat kita lihat bahwa meminta dalam bentuk l’acte de langage de requête directe et indirecte yang paling dominan menggunakan la formulation directe où le mode impératif. Tendensi dari penggunaan tindak tutur meminta yang ditemukan didalam film ini adalah penggunaan formulation directe en mode impératif yang digunakan oleh semua karakter didalam film, termasuk karakter utamanya. Orang- orang prancis tidak suka mengatakan secara tidak langsung untuk menyatakan satu permintaan atau orang- orang prancis  menyatakan permintaan mereka secara langsung. Dan telah dibuktikan didalam film Amour et Turbulence.Kata kunci: tindak tutur, meminta langsung dan tidak langsung, film Amour et Turbulence.
EXPRESSIONS DU SENTIMENT DANS LA BANDE DESSINÉE (BD) LUCKY LUKE
Authors: Sari Resa Permata , .. Zulherman , Polili Andi Wete
Published: June 2022

Le but de de cette recherche est but de trouver les expressions des sentiments, les fonctions des sentiments et de savoir le nombre de l’expression du Contentement, du Mécontentement, de la Colère, de la Confiance, de la Méfiance, de la Déception, de la Peine, de la Tristesse, de la Peur, de la Regret,de la Surprise et la fonction de l’expressions des sentiments qui se trouvent dans la bande dessinée Lucky Luke. La méthode de cette recherche est la méthode qualitative. Les données de cette recherche utilisent la bande dessinée Lucky Luke.Le resultat de la recherche trouvé 51 expressions de sentiment, c’est-a dire : 19 expressions du Contentement, 2 expression du Mécontentement, 6 expressions de la Colére , 2 expressions de la Confiance, 1 expression de la Méfiance,  2 expressions  de la Déception, 2 expressions de la Peine, 1 expression de la Tristesse, 4 expressions de la Peur, 3 expressions de la Regret, 10 expressions de la Surprise.  Dans cette BD, nous pourrions voir que l'expression du Contentement est trouvé plus nombreux que la Colère. En effet, la genre de la bande dessinée Lucky Luke est une comédie, si bien qu'il y a beaucoup de l'expression de Contentement. Mots clés: Expression de Sentiment, Fonction d’Émotion, Bande Dessinée.
AMÉLIORATION DE LA COMPÉTENCE DE L’EXPRESSION ORALE EN UTILISANT LA MÉTHODE SHOW AND TEL CHEZ LES LYCÉENS DE SMA N 12 MEDAN
Authors: Banjarnahor Fitriyanti , Sembiring Pengadilen , Syahrin Elvi
Published: June 2022

Cette recherche a pour but de savoir si la méthode Show and Tell peut améliorer la compétence de l’expression orale des lycéens en effectuant une recherche d’action de la classe (PTK). Les objets étaient XI IPA I SMA Negeri 12 Medan, qui se compose 40 lycéens. La recherche a été effectuée en deux cycles. il avait deux sortes des données recueillies au cours de la recherche, des données quantitatives et qualitatives. Les instrument de collecte des données quantitaives ont été prononcées essais, tandis que pour les données qualitatives, recueillies par fiche d’observation et enquête. Basé sur les analyses de données, la moyenne de la note des lycéens dans pré test était 55,4 en Cycle I étais 75,2, et au Cycle II étais 85,3. Basé sur le moyens notes, on peut voir que la réalisation de l’expression orale des lycéens en utilisant la méthode Show and Tell a montré une amélioration significative de 75,2 à 85,3. Donc, on peut conclure que la méthode Show and Tell peut ameliorér la compétence de l’expression orale chez les lycéens en classe XII IPA I SMA Negeri 12 Medan. Mots Clés : Compétence, Expression Orale, Show and Tell.
ANALYSE DE LA TRADUCTION DU VERBE AU PLUS-QUE-PARFAIT DANS LE ROMAN L’ÉTRANGER PAR ALBERT CAMUS
Authors: Simatupang Dina Mariantika , Marice Marice , Zulherman Zulherman
Published: June 2022

Cette recherche a pour but de savoir(1) les types de la modulation des verbes au plus-que-parfait de la langue française en indonésien, (2) l’équivalence du temps plus-que-parfait de la langue française en indonésien dans le roman l’Étranger. La théorie utilisée dans cette recherche est la théorie de Catford (1974). Cette recherche a été menée dans la salle de lecture de la faculté de langues et arts de l’UNIMED. La méthode utilisée dans cette recherche est la méthode descriptive qualitative.Le résultat montre qu’il y a 167 phrases conjuguées au plus-que-parfait qui se composent de 58 phrases ayant la modulation de niveau, 109 phrases contenant de la modulation de catégorie, ce sont: 104 phrases ont la modulation de l’unité et 5 phrases ont la modulation de classe. Dans ce roman on ne trouve pas la modulation de structure et la modulation d’intrasystème. L’indonésien met les aspects comme «telah, pernah, sudah, habis», le verbetelis (verba telis) et l’adverbe du temps passé comme « tadi, dulu, waktu itu »pour montrer le temps passé. Mots-clés: roman, modulation, équivalence, plus-que-parfait
AMÉLIORATION DE LA COMPÉTENCE DE LA PRODUCTION ORALE EN UTILISANT JEU ROUE TOURNANTE AUX ÉLÈVES À SMAN 11 MEDAN
Authors: Indriani Shafira Tasha , Eviyanti Evi , Fibriasari Hesti
Published: June 2022

Cette recherche a pour but d’améliorer de la compétence de la production orale des élèves en utilisant jeu Roue Tournante. La méthode de la recherche est une recherche d'action. Les instruments utilisés étaient les fiches d'observation, les questions de test, les questionnaires, les directives d’interview, le plan d'analyse de l' apprentissage (rpp), et documentation. Les objets étaient XI IPS 4 SMAN 11 Medan, qu’il se compose de 32 élèves. La recherche a été effectuée en deux cycles avec trois rencontres à chaque cycle. Le type de données collectées au cours de la recherche est les données qualitatives. Basé sur d’analyse des données, la moyenne de la note des élèves dans pré-test était 55,875, au cycle I était 75 et cycle II était 80. Dans le prétest, il y a 3 élèves avaient obtenu le KKM, 9,375%. Alors dans l’evaluation I, augmenté à 19 élèves qui avaient atteint le KKM, 59,975% et dans l’evaluation II, 25 élèves avaient atteint le KKM, 78,125%. Basé sur des valeurs moyennes, on peut voir que la compétence de la production orale des élèves en utilisant le jeu Roue Tournante a montré une amélioration significative de 55,875 – 80 avec le pourcentage d'élèves qui ont atteint la valeur KKM 9,375% – 78,125%. Donc, on peut conclure que le jeu Roue Tournante peut améliorer la compétence de la production orale des élèves en classe XI IPS 4 SMAN 11 Medan.Mots Clés : Amélioration, Production Orale, Roue Tournante
DÉVELOPPEMENT DES MATÉRIAUX D’APPRENTISSAGE DES ARTICLES BASÉ SUR POWTOON DANS LE COURS DE PRODUCTION ÉCRITE PRÉ AVANCÉE DE L’UNIMED
Authors: Lubis Gaby Yolanda , Sitompul Jubliana Sitompul , Zulherman Zulherman Zulherman
Published: June 2022

Le but de cette recherche est de savoir le développement et la validité du média créé basé sur Powtoon précisément sur les matériaux de l’article dans le cours de Production Écrite Pre Avancée de Universitas Negeri Medan. On utilise le méthode de la recherche du développement (R&D). Cette méthode possede 10 étapes, pourtant, au licence, il est préconisé de faire la recherche en utilisant cette methode jusqu’à l’existance de media, dans ce cas là le video explicatif, on fait justement 5 étapes adaptées aux besoins de la recherche. Les données obtenues sont analysées en formant la formule :Le  résultat  de  cette  recherche  montre  que   le   média   d'apprentissage   développé   peut   être utilisé comme média d'apprentissage après a fait la validation de la conception du média, le pourcentage est le suivant: l’expert du matière (72%) avec le critère « bien », et l’expert du média (80%) également obtenir le critère « bien ». Pour conclure, ce média obtient la note bien, ça peut être les matériaux et la vidéo.
DEVELOPPEMNT DE MULTIMEDIA INTERACTIF POUR LE TEXTE DECRIPTIF CHEZ LES ETUDIANTS DU TROISIEME SEMESTRE DE L’UNIMED
Authors: Manullang Iin Parlina , Sitompul Jubliana Sitompul , Fibriasari Hesti Fibriasari
Published: June 2022

Cette recherche vise à développer des supports d'apprentissage interactifs dans des sujets de production écrite avec des sujets de texte descriptif à l'aide de macromedia flash et à déterminer la faisabilité des supports développés. Cette recherche utilise la méthode Recherche et Développement (R&D). Cette recherche n'est pas arrivée au stade du test d'efficacité du produit. Les étapes de cette recherche ont été commencées par la collecte d'informations à travers l'analyse des besoins et les documents, la conception et la fabrication de matériel pédagogique, la création de supports interactifs et la validation de supports pédagogiques auprès d'experts en matériaux et d'experts en médias. L'instrument de collecte de données de recherche a utilisé une analyse de contenu et une analyse en pourcentage. Les résultats ont montré que les supports pédagogiques développés à l'aide de macromedia flash ont été déclarés appropriés comme supports d'apprentissage dans les matières de production écrite. Les résultats des tests de validation par les experts en matériaux sont de 90% et les experts en médias sont de 86%. Les résultats de la validation des médias interactifs sont inclus dans l'excellente catégorie. Sur la base de cette recherche, on peut voir que les supports interactifs d'apprentissage de texte descriptif sont appropriés pour une utilisation dans l'apprentissage.
L’EMPLOI VERBAL DE L’INFINITIF DANS LE ROMAN DE L’ÉLÉGANCE DU HÉRISSON
Authors: Dewi Mutiara Dewi , Sitompul Jubliana Sitompul , Adawi Rabiah Adawi
Published: June 2022

Cette recherhe a pour but de savoir l’emploi verbal de l’infinitifqui se trouve dans le roman de L’Élégance du Hérisson. La théorie de cette recherche est la théorie de Fairon et Simon (2018).Cette recherchea eu lieu à la Bibliothèque de la Faculté deLettres et d’Arts de l’UNIMED. La méthode utilisée dans cette recherche est la méthode descriptive qualitative. Les données obtenues sont analysées en décrivantet puis déterminant son pourcentage de la fréquence. Le résultat de la recherche montre que l’emploi verbal de l’infinitif trouvé est l’infinitif d’interrogation qui apparaît 82 fois et atteint 24,62 %, l’infinitif exclamatif qui apparaît 15 fois : 4,50 %, l’infinitif d’une narration qui apparaît 10 fois : 3,00 %, l’infinitif impératif qui apparaît 7 fois : 2,10 %, et l’infinitif précédé auxiliaire modal avec verbe devoir qui apparaît 42 fois : 12,61 %, la modalité avec verbe pouvoirqui apparaît 125 fois : 37,53 %, la modalité avec verbevouloir qui apparaît 52 fois : 15,61 %. La phraseinfinitif précédé auxiliaire modal est trouvé fréquement dans le roman de Muriel Barbery. L’infinitif précédé auxiliaire modal est l’emploi verbal de l’infinitif la plus dominante que les autres infinitifs,parce que dans un récit la phrase dominante trouvée dans le roman de Muriel Barbery
ANALYSE DES ÉVÉNEMENTS DE PAROLES DANS LE ROMAN L’ÉTRANGER PAR ALBERT CAMUS
Authors: Hutagalung Roma Ito , Syahrin Elvi Syahrin , Friska Junita Friska
Published: June 2022

Le but de cette rechercheest pour identifie des événements de paroles trouvés dans roman L’étranger par Albert Camus. Cette recherche utilise une méthode descriptive qualitative. Le roman de L'étanger 1942 est utilisé comme source de données. La technique de collecte des données utilisée est la méthode simak. À partir des résultats de l'analyse basée sur la théorie de Dell Hymes, montre que les huit composants des événements de paroles sont trouvés dans ce roman. Les résultat de huit composants des événements de paroles sont: Tonalité, est le composant le plus commun trouvé dans ce roman avec un total de 25 formes de tonalite trouvées. Cela se produit en raison de paroles qui se produit entre le locuteur et l'interlocuteur en arrière-plan par différents types de conflits de sorte qu'il existe de nombreuses tonalités différentes dans chaque paroles. Participants dans ce roman a trouvé 18 participants. Setting dans ce roman a trouvé 13 formes. Finalité dans ce roman a trouvé 11 formes de but dans la paroles qu’il a fait. Dans ce roman il y a trouvé 5 formes des paroles qui violent ou ne violent pas la norme de communication. Act sequences a trouvé dans ce roman il y a 4 formes de paroles et approprié de l’itulisation. Instruments dans ce roman utilise 4 intrument dans la paroles. Le moin composant a trouvé dans ce roman est Genre parce que ce roman ne raconte qu'une série d'événements qui se produisent du début à la fin et qu'il n'y a pas de paroles sous forme de poésie, de rimes ou d'autres choses.
ANALYSE DES ERREURS GRAMMATICALE DES ÉCRITURES CHEZ LES ÉTUDIANTS DE LA SECTION FRANÇAISE DANS L’APPLICATION DE BUSUU
Authors: Padang Sulesni Padang , Pramuniati Isda Pramuniati , Soraya Tengku Ratna
Published: June 2022

Le but de cette recherche est pour trouver les erreurs grammaticales et savoir les causes de telles des erreur écritures des étudiants dans l’application de Busuu. Les erreurs trouvées sont variées. Pour analyser les erreurs grammaticales, l’auteur utilise la théorie d’Albert Hamond dans son livre Grammaire et Analyse. Cette recherche adopte la méthode qualitative. La méthode qualitative est un procés la recherche qui produit les données descriptive comme le mot à l’écrite ou à l’oral des personnes observées. Cette méthode va expliquer une condition de vérité et donner la priorité à la donnée que la théorie pour trouver et résoudre les formulation des problèmes. Les résultats de la recherche démontre que les erreurs grammaticales trouvées dans l’application de Busuu sont 7 formes d’erreur qui se divisent dans 50 erreurs, à savoir : l’utilisation accord du nom est 8 erreurs et accord du nom de l’adjectif est 4 erreurs, en pourcentage 24%, autour du nom l’article défini est 4  erreurs et l’article indéfini est il n’y a pas erreur en pourcentage 8%, le verbe négatif (son tour) est 2 erreurs, le verbe (son mode indicatif, son groupe) est 22 erreurs, en pourcentage 48%, les classes de mots invariables l’adverbe est 4 erreurs, la préposition est 6 erreurs, la conjonction est est il n’y a pas erreur erreur, en pourcentage 20%. On peut voir que les erreurs le verbe (son mode) le plus nombreusse qu’on a trouvées.
Side threats: further possible effects of warming on the high alpine narrow endemic Carabus cychroides (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors:   Cottian Alps Protected Areas Management Authority, Anselmo Luca , Rizzioli Barbara ,   Cottian Alps Protected Areas Management Authority
Published: June 2022

Carabus cychroides is an endemic ground beetle of a few high mountain slopes in the Cottian Alps. We have modelled the presence-absence data collected in a sample area, related to this species, the congener C. depressus with which it can hybridise and the small snail Chilostoma glaciale, specific prey of Carabus cychroides. The models were projected to three future periods according to four greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The results indicated the future increase in niche and spatial overlap of the two beetles, which could lead to more hybridisation and competition between them. If these threats occur over the entire geographic range of the already endangered C. cychroides, they could accelerate its predicted decline in the coming decades due to climate warming.
Zakat Management System with Allocation Prediction Using Case-Based Reasoning
Authors:   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Khairudin Nurkhairizan , Azlan Nurul Ain ,   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Azizan Azilawati ,   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Jelani Ahmad Bakhtiar ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Zakat has become one of the vital opportunity to be given to the poor and needy. However, there are problems faced by the institution of zakat with the inefficiency and inaccurate issue, especially in the zakat allocation and distribution aspects. Moreover, the zakat allocation and distribution process is time consuming due to the variety of the criteria to be considered, especially when it involves an educational institution. Since the problem usually originates from the organization of zakat itself, it is essential to minimize the difficulties so that zakat can be distributed in a proper way to the qualified person with a suitable allocation. Therefore, the purpose of this project is to develop a web-based Zakat Management and Allocation Prediction System using Case-based Reasoning(CBR) technique. The proposed method consists of two components: (1) Web-based zakat management system which aims to properly manage all related data of the zakat applicant, and (2) Zakat allocation module using CBR to suggests the allocation amount of zakat by finding the similarities between the previous cases and the new cases. For the prediction purposes, the significant main features are identified and suitable weightage is assigned to be able the CBR engine to produce a suggestion. Experimental results using real data collected from UiTM(Perak) Tapah Campus show that our proposed model achieves a significant improvement in the efficiency of managing and allocating the amount of zakat.
An Application of Malay Short-Form Word Conversion Using Levenshtein Distance
Authors:   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Azizan Azilawati , Saidin NurAine ,   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Khairudin Nurkhairizan ,   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Ismail Rohana ,   Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kampus Besut, 22200 Besut Terengganu, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Formerly, short-form word was widely used in the field of journalism. However, nowadays, short-form word has been widely used by many people, especially in online communication. These short-form words trigger problems in the field of data mining, especially those involving online text processing. It leads to inaccurate result of text mining activities. On the other hand, only few works have investigated on Malay short-form word identification and conversion. Therefore, this work aims to develop an application that can identify and convert Malay short-form words into its’ full word. In order to develop this application, the short-form rules need to be carefully examined. The formal rules from Dewan Bahasa & Pustaka (DBP) are used as the primary reference for generating the short form word identification algorithm. While for the conversion algorithm, Levenshtein Distance (LD) is used to measure the similarity. The rule-based technique is also used as a complement to LD technique. As a result, 70.27% of the Malay short-form words have been correctly converted into their full words. The conversion rate is quite promising, and this work can be further strengthened by incorporating more rules into the algorithm.
Exploring the Relationship between Level of Cognitive Ability in Mathematics within Two Different Schools in Tapah
Authors:   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Shuhaimi Aina Nafisya , Ismail Muhammad Hazim , Sahar Norfarahanim , Abdul Jabar Nur Hanim , Yaakob Nurul Farihah , Mohamad Razi Nor Faezah ,   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Cognitive ability in Mathematics has been widely discussed in various platforms. A total of 248 students from two schools in Tapah was selected in this study. The result showed that the cognitive level for of the students of SMK Sri Tapah and SMK Buyong Adil was found to be at moderate level where the score for each of the cognitive level lies between 20% to 50 %. Furthermore, this study identified the existence of a moderate relationship between all cognitive levels by using Correlation Analysis. Meanwhile, Mann Whitney test was used to test the differences of students performance from both schools and it showed that the students from SMK Buyong Adil were statistically greater for Knowing level (C1) SMK Buyong Adil (Mdn=0.5 marks), Understanding level (C2) (Mdn=0.5 marks), Applying level (C3) (Mdn=0.5 marks), Creating level (C6) (Mdn=1 marks) than students from SMK Sri Tapah. However, students from SMK Sri Tapah were found to be greater in Evaluating level (C5) (Mdn=1 marks) than students from SMK Buyong Adil. Overall this study found that the level of cognitive ability in both schools in Tapah is still at a moderate level and have to be improved.
Determination of dengue hemorrhagic fever disease factors using neural network and genetic algorithms
Authors:   Faculty of Informatics, Telkom University, Bandung, East Java, Indonesia, Sibaroni Yuliant , Prasetiyowati Sri Suryani ,   Faculty of Informatics, Telkom University, Bandung, East Java, Indonesia, Sudrajat Iqbal Bahari ,   Faculty of Informatics, Telkom University, Bandung, East Java, Indonesia
Published: June 2022

The Aedes aegypti mosquito and the Aedes albopictus mosquito are carriers of the virus that causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). In Indonesia, the spread of DHF disease has taken place for 41 years. Within this period, there was an increase in the number of spreading areas by 97% and an increase in the number of cases by 99%. Based on the data from previous studies, further information is needed related to the factors that have the most influence on the level of DHF infection in a region. Based on the initial study conducted, there are 6 factors that have the potential to influence the number of DHF cases in an area, namely temperature (X1), rainfall (X2), population density (X3), altitude (X4), distribution of males (X5), and distribution of education level (X6). In this study, the problem of determination dengue disease factors was modeled using a neural network. The activation function in this neural network model then estimated using genetic algorithms. Determination of the best factor is carried out in a genetic algorithm by combining several parameters of the crossover probability (Pc) and mutation probability (Pm). This experiment show that the main factors that influence the spread of DHF in Bandung area are temperature, altitude, distribution of gender, and distribution of education levels. The best accuracy system obtained in this study using these 4 factors reached 72%.
Regulation of β-amyloid clearance in APP/PS1 astrocytes by AMPK activation and MTORC1 inhibition
Authors:   Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolas Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain, Ordóñez-Gutiérrez Lara ,   Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolas Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain,   Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo 5, Madrid 28049, Spain, Wandosell Francisc ,   Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolas Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain,   Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo 5, Madrid 28049, Spain
Published: June 2022

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative dementia. It is characterized by the progressive accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregates and hyperphosphorylated tau. This aberrant accumulation has been associated with autophagy dysfunction, occurring in early stages of the disease. AMPK and AKT-MTORC1 signaling pathways are central nodes in the balance between anabolism and catabolism. It is generally accepted that MTORC1 activation leads to the inhibition of autophagy, whereas AMPK activation is supposed to enhance this process. Some regulatory cross-talk between both pathways has been reported. Accordingly, autophagy inducers such as MTORC1 inhibitors may have beneficial effects in the clearance/prevention of protein aggregates in the brain, as we previously reported in the APP/PS1 AD mouse model. Until recently, most of the mechanisms that mediate protein clearance have been studied in neurons and the contribution of glial cells remains to be elucidated. The aim of this work is to determine the contribution of astrocytes to Aβ clearance through autophagy. In an attempt to analyze the effect of autophagic flux modulation, we performed primary cultures of astrocytes form APP/PS1 mice and their wild type littermates. We treated them with different described drugs that act as autophagy inductors through the modulation of MTORC1 and AMPK pathways and evaluated the activation of these pathways and their effect in the autophagic flux by western blot. We found a slight increase of autophagy with rapamycin, a well-known MTORC1 inhibitor. Surprisingly, AMPK activation with metformin did not enhance autophagy, which could be due, at least in part, to an insufficient inhibition of MTORC1. Finally, we measured the direct effect of this modulation on autophagy-dependent amyloidosis through ELISA. These results suggest that AMPK activation, in contrast to mTORC1 inhibition, is not sufficient to enhance autophagy in primary astrocytes, as we previously described in neurons. Thus, the protective mechanisms of autophagy against neurodegeneration must be further examined, with the final aim of describing mechanisms that allow an effective treatment for this neurodegenerative disorder.
Brain Tumor Modelling Using the CRISPR-Cas9 Base Editing Technology
Authors:   Seve Ballesteros Fundation Brain Tumor Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center., Gardeazabal Bataller María del Mar , Squatrito Massimo ,   Seve Ballesteros Fundation Brain Tumor Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: In common solid tumors, a plethora of genetic alterations can act as disease-driver mutation. Approximately, 95% of these variants are single-base substitutions, being cytidine-to-thymidine (C-to-T) conversion the most common among them. Cytosine base editors (CBEs) enable efficient C-to-T substitutions at targeted loci without double-stranded breaks, overcoming one of the main limitations in classical CRISPR-Cas9 technology. A major application of base editing technology is the study or treatment of disease-associated point mutations. In this project, we will focus on the most common point mutations in different genes across paediatric and adult brain tumors: e.g. CTNNB1 and TP53, frequently altered in the medulloblastoma, and PIK3CA and TP53, commonly associated with adult gliomas. Material and methods: To properly recapitulate some of the genetic alterations identified in brain tumors, we have combined the RCAS-TVA model and the CBE system for somatic genome editing. We have generated an animal model expressing TVA receptor under the control of specific promoters (GFAP or Nestin) together with an inducible CBE in order to exploit the base editing technology in the neural stem cells compartment in vivo. By intracranial injection of these mice with sgRNAs for specific genetic alterations, we will be able to recapitulate these point mutations in vivo. Results: We have successfully generated a novel mouse model for generation of brain tumors driven by point mutations in several genes that are known to drive tumorigenesis in humans. Characterization of these tumors allowed the detection by Sanger sequencing of C-to-T conversion in all samples, as well as the activation of downstream signaling derived from each mutations. We observed a complete loss of TP53 expression upon Tp53Q97*, which translates into an early stop codon in Tp53 sequence. On the other hand, we also validated the overexpression of TP53 as a consequence of Tp53R270C mutations with no major changes in downstream effectors, as it has been previously described in the literature. Conclusion: By integrating the RCAS-TVA system together with BE we have developed a more precise and flexible tool to better recapitulate in a more efficient way many point mutations identified in different brain tumor types. Using the RCAS-TVA-BE model we were able to model common point mutations in brain cancer and confirm their contribution in tumor formation.
Selective autophagy plays a protective role against acute and age- related retinal degeneration
Authors:   Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Madrid, Spain., Jiménez-Loygorri Juan Ignacio , Ramírez-Pardo Ignacio , Villarejo-Zori Beatriz , Viedma-Poyatos Álvaro , SierraFilardi Elena , Alonso-Gil Sandra , Gómez-Sintes Raquel ,   Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Madrid, Spain., Boya Patricia ,   Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Published: June 2022

Objective. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in elderly people in the developed world, and the number of people affected is expected to almost double by 2040. The retina presents one of the highest metabolic demands that is partially or fully fulfilled by mitochondria in the neuroretina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), respectively. Together with its post-mitotic status, this context requires a tightly-regulated housekeeping system that includes selective mitochondrial autophagy. We want to assess the effects of selective autophagy deficit or induction in the retina given an AMD-like paradigm. Materials and methods. Eyes from Ambra1+/+, Ambra1+/gt and mito-QC mice were analysed using flatmount or cryosection immunostaining. Sodium iodate (SI) was used as a model of AMD-like damage and Urolithin A (UA) as a mitophagy inducer. ARPE-19 human cells were used as an in vitro model and analysed by immunostaining, flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. Bioinformatic analysis of public human datasets was also performed. Results. Ambra1+/gt autophagy-deficient mice present alterations in the RPE, similar to those observed in human AMD patients, such as abnormal morphology or lipofuscin accumulation, which appear in an age-dependent manner. Furthermore, Ambra1+/gt mice are more sensitive to acute SI-induced retinal degeneration than their Ambra+/+ littermates. UA induced mitophagy in vivo and prevented degeneration both in the neuroretina and RPE. This amelioration was also associated with decreased lipid peroxidation, gliosis and increased photoreceptor survival. In vitro, inhibition of mitophagy, or general macroautophagy, abolished this rescue. Conclusions. Selective autophagy plays a protective role in the retina and can be exploited to preserve vision in physiological or pathological conditions.
Transcription factor NRF2 participates in cell cycle progression at the level of G1/S and mitotic checkpoints.
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain, Lastra Diego ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,   Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain.,   Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain., Escoll Maribel ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain,   Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,   Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain.,   Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain., Cuadrado Antonio ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain,   Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,   Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain.,   Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
Published: June 2022

Transcription factor NRF2 is considered a master regulator of cell homeostasis, coordinating multiple cytoprotective responses that confer growth advantage to cells. Although its implication in redox homeostasis, detoxification or metabolic reprogramming has been widely studied, its participation in cell cycle division and the mechanisms governing this process has not been explored in detail. In this study, we used several standard methods of synchronization of proliferating cells in G1, before S entry and during mitosis. Together with flow cytometry analysis, we monitored the participation of NRF2 along the cell cycle by knockdown of its gene expression. Our results showed that NRF2 levels are maximal at S phase entry, and minimal during mitosis. Besides, NRF2 absence caused both G1 and M arrest. A targeted transcriptomics analysis of cell cycle regulators showed that NRF2 depletion leads to changes in key cell cycle regulators, including CDK2, TFDP1, CDK6, CDKN1A (p21), CDKN1B (p27), CCNG1 and RAD51. This study gives a new dimension to NRF2 effects, showing its implication in cell cycle progression.
Unravelling neuron-astrocyte communication in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
Authors:   Cajal Institute, Av. Doctor Arce, 37, Madrid, Spain, Sánchez-Ruiz Andrea , González-Arias1 Candela ,   Cajal Institute, Av. Doctor Arce, 37, Madrid, Spain, Perea Gertrudis ,   Cajal Institute, Av. Doctor Arce, 37, Madrid, Spain
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Serotonin is a neuromodulator widely spread throughout the central nervous system and involved in a vast variety of behaviors, such as cognitive functions and emotional states. On this basis, serotonergic dysfunction has been related to several psychiatric disorders such as Major Depressive Disorder, schizophrenia, or autism. Despite serotonin’s widespread distribution, the location of serotonergic neurons is restricted to the midbrain raphe nuclei. In this context, astrocytes are known to participate in synaptic transmission modulating neural circuits; however, their role in the serotonergic system remains largely unknown. My study aims to elucidate the neuron-astrocyte signaling at serotonergic nuclei, looking at the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). Materials and methods: For the purpose of this project, we performed intracranial injections of viral constructs in adult mice to express the Ca2+ indicator GCaMP6 specifically in DRN astrocytes, Ca2+ imaging experiments to record astrocytic activity, electrophysiological recordings of neuronal activity using patch-clamp and immunohistochemistry techniques. Results and conclusions: Preliminary data show that astrocytes from DRN respond to serotonin with an increase in the amplitude and frequency of intracellular Ca2+ events, which is partly mediated by serotonin type 2 receptors. As a consequence of triggering Ca2+ signaling, we found that serotonin induces gliotransmission, shown by an increased frequency of Slow Inward Currents (SICs) and modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission in dorsal raphe neurons. In conclusion, these data suggest that astrocytes might play a role in synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability in the DRN and, therefore, in the serotonergic-mediated actions of DRN.
Mitophagy boosting protects cells against MNU toxicity
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), C. Ramiro de Maetzu, 9, Madrid, Spain, Villarejo Zori Beatriz , Zapata Muñoz Juan ,   Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), C. Ramiro de Maetzu, 9, Madrid, Spain, Sierra Filardi Elena ,   Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), C. Ramiro de Maetzu, 9, Madrid, Spain, Ramírez Pardo Ignacio ,   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, Madrid, Spain., Boya Patricia ,   Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), C. Ramiro de Maetzu, 9, Madrid, Spain
Published: June 2022

Objective: A pharmacological model to study the human disease Retinitis Pigmentosa is N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) injection which results in retinal degeneration. Our objective is to study the autophagy and mitophagy status of the cells in this disease model. Materials and methods: The mitophagy reporter (MitoQC) and autophagy reporter mice (mCherry-GFP-LC3) have been used to determine the mitophagic and autophagic flux in the retina after MNU injection. Retinal pigment epithelium cell line (ARPE-19) MitoQC has been used to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms after MNU treatment. Results: Neurodegeneration events appear one day after intraperitoneal MNU injection: reduction of photoreceptors thickness layer and increase of TUNEL and GFAP staining. Mitophagosomes and autophagosomes are less frequent in the retina of mice treated with MNU, but they are bigger and they tend to accumulate in the external limiting membrane. ARPE-19 cells are also vulnerable to MNU in a dose-dependent manner producing DNA damage, cytoplasm vacuolization, organelle alterations and cell death. Mitophagy levels depend on the MNU dose: an increase of the mitophagic flux is observed at low doses, whereas it seems to be blocked at high doses. We demonstrate this mitophagy is PINK-Parkin dependent and boosting this pathway makes cells more resistant to MNU. Finally, we achieve to protect MNU-treated retinae explants with the mitophagy inductor, DFP. Conclusion: MNU treatment induces activation of PINK-Parkin dependent mitophagy. We propose that mitophagy could act as a defense mechanism in this disease model.
Análise da dinâmica do emprego nas regiões turísticas paranaenses
Authors: Melo Edson Santos , Marini Marcos Junior
Published: June 2022

O setor de turismo tem se firmado como uma importante atividade econômica, sendo capaz de fomentar a geração de emprego, renda e desenvolvimento. Há décadas o país vem buscando decentralizar as ações no setor, cujo foco maior se encontra na regionalização. Diante disso, esse estudo teve por objetivo analisar a dinâmica do emprego formal nas 14 regiões turísticas do estado do Paraná, considerando seus componentes estruturais e diferenciais, no período de 2013 a 2019. Com isso, adotou-se como procedimento metodológico o método shift-share. Os resultados evidenciaram um baixo dinamismo sob o enfoque do crescimento do emprego, sendo que em quatro regiões houve retração na variação líquida de empregos no período. Além disso, constatou-se regiões turísticas que não se encontram especializadas no turismo, sendo que, em metade delas, sequer foi verificada a presença de vantagens locacionais.
Palavras-chave: Turismo. Emprego. Estado do Paraná. Shift-share.
Implementación de políticas públicas de abajo hacia arriba (bottom up): plan de acción para una justicia restaurativa
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua - IMTA, Escobar Neira Carolina
Published: June 2022

El caso del Plan de Justicia para la Reparación Integral de los daños de los pueblos Campesinos de Temacapulín, Acasico y Palmarejo.
Comparing The Reference Strains and Turkey Isolates of Bovine Parainfluenza Virus 3 (BPIV3) Detected Around Western Mediterranean Region with Its Amino Acid and Nucleotide Positions
Authors: KÜÇÜK Ali , YILDIRIM Yakup
Published: June 2022

One of the major viral pathogens of respiratory system disease complex in cattle, BPIV 3 is a viral agent generally appearing during autumn and winter months in Northern Hemisphere and causing upper respiratory tract infections. Even though the isolates of this virus are in close antigenic relations, it is classified within three different genotypes as BPIV3 Genotype A, BPIV3 Genotype B and BPIV3 Genotype C. In this research, we aimed to compare the strains of BPIV 3 strain circulating around Western Mediterranean region of Turkey and isolated from different regions of this country and the reference strain of BPIV 3, Shipping Fever (SF-4) with amino acid and nucleotide positions. In the study, previously detected BUR/BPIV 3 isolate with M gene region partially analyzed was used. Phylogenetic researches carried out partially on M gene region in Turkey, different BPIV 3 isolates recorded in gene bank and amino acid and nucleotide positions of BPIV 3 strain detected by ourselves were compared. The changes in Turkey strains of BPIV 3 and nucleotide and amino acid positions of the reference strain were revealed. As a result, detecting base and codon differentiations caused by point mutations among BPIV 3 isolates and correspondingly the appearing amino acid changes was considered crucial in terms of revealing the immunization power of the strain to be used in vaccine production and providing the standardization of BPIV 3 molecular detection.
Performatividades del “teatro en vivo” a través de redes sociales en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Alanis Gallegos Eunice Susana
Published: June 2022

A partir del cierre de los teatros como medida preventiva por la pandemia de COVID-19, la comunidad teatral utilizó la tecnología de plataformas y redes sociales para crear y comunicarse con su público. ¿Qué tan cercanas estaban estas prácticas al teatro? En este trabajo se analizó el discurso detrás de tuits con las palabras “teatro en vivo” emitidos en abril y mayo de 2020. Los resultados invitan a reflexionar sobre dos espacios intermedios entre el teatro y el registro audiovisual; en estos espacios ubicamos la performatividad del lenguaje y los actos performáticos que acontecían de manera remota. Estos actos configuran un archivo y un repertorio cultural de voces y cuerpos en resistencia, para crear arte desde el único lugar que en dicha circunstancia había para convivir: el virtual.
Performativities of “live theatre” through social networks in pandemic times
Abstract
Just after theaters closed in Mexico as a preventive measure to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, the theatrical community began using Internet platforms and social networks to create new productions and communicate with audiences. How close were these exercises to what is usually understood as “theatre”? This paper analyzes the discourse contained in several tweets posted between April and May 2020, that include the words “live theatre”. The results invite us to consider two intermediate spaces between theater and audiovisual registers. In these spaces we can locate language’s performativity, and those performative acts that different artists began to carry out remotely. These acts make up an archive and a cultural catalog of voices and bodies in resistance, which began to create art collectively in the virtual space (the only space available for collective work during the pandemic’s lockdown months).
Un juego de cajas chinas en Ostia. Metalepsis y autoficción en Sergio Blanco
Authors: Gámez Carlos
Published: June 2022

El ensayo analiza la tercera de las autoficciones de Sergio Blanco (Montevideo, 1971), Ostia (2015). La obra se estudia desde la teoría narratológica, definiendo la diégesis de la pieza y las otras historias presentes en el texto. El trabajo tiene como objetivo general analizar cómo la metalepsis se convierte en autoficción, provocando un efecto estético en el receptor. Para ello es necesario describir la presencia de una retórica de la memoria, que se expresa a través de la memoria prostética, y determinar cómo la ironía de carácter crea un pacto de mentira con el público.
A set of chinese boxes in Ostia. Metalepsis and autofiction in Sergio Blanco
Abstract
The essay analyzes the third of Sergio Blanco’s (Montevideo, 1971) autofictions, Ostia (2015). This work is studied from the narratological theory, defining the diegesis of the piece and the other stories present in the text. The general objective of the presentation is to analyze how metalepsis becomes autofiction, causing an aesthetic effect on the spectator. For this, it is necessary to describe the presence of a rhetoric of memory, which is expressed through prosthetic memory, and determine how the irony of character creates a lying pact with the public.