bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ НАУЧНО-­МЕТОДИЧЕСКОГО АППАРАТА ПРОЦЕССОВ СНИЖЕНИЯ ИМПОРТОЗАВИСИМОСТИ РАДИОЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ АППАРАТУРЫ ОТ ЭКБ ИНОСТРАННОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
Authors: Алексеев В. , Боков С.
Published: February 2021

Рассмотрены вопросы совершенствования научно-­методического аппарата, необходимого для анализа и подготовки предложений по снижению зависимости отечественной РЭА от ЭКБ иностранного производства.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ТРЕНДЫ И СОСТОЯНИЕ РЫНКА КОНТРАКТНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА В РОССИИ
Authors: Семёнов Д.
Published: February 2021

Дается оценка нынешнему состоянию российского рынка контрактного производства и его динамики на основе опыта компании ООО «Макро ЕМС», рассматриваются текущие технологические тренды, а также возможности выхода отечественных контрактных производителей на зарубежные рынки.
El contexto académico de estudiantes universitarios en condición de rezago por reprobación
Authors: Murillo-García Olga-Lidia , Luna-Serrano Edna
Published: February 2021

El propósito de este estudio fue identificar el contexto académico de estudiantes en condición de rezago por reprobación de una universidad pública mexicana. Se contó con información de 62 174 estudiantes inscritos en 77 programas de licenciatura. La fuente de información fue el Sistema Integral de Información Institucional; la unidad de análisis fueel indicador rezago por reprobación, en particular el rezago con tres o más asignaturas reprobadas (N3); se realizaron análisis descriptivos. Los resultados mostraron que la mayor proporción de estudiantes en condición de rezago N3 se encuentra en programas del área de Ingeniería y Tecnología, seguidos del área de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, y en el Tronco Común que se imparte durante el primer año universitario en diversas áreas.
Reseña del libro coordinado por Ángel Díaz Barriga y José María García Garduño, Desarrollo del currículum en América Latina. Experiencia de diez países
Authors: Barrón-Tirado María-Concepción
Published: February 2021

Reseña del libro coordinado por Ángel Díaz Barriga y José María García Garduño, Desarrollo del currículum en América Latina. Experiencia de diez países
JUSTIÇA E ESCRAVIDÃO NA TERRA DE ZUMBI: AS AÇÕES DE LIBERDADE NA PROVÍNCIA DE ALAGOAS (1860-1888)
Authors: Vieira Bruna Mayla Belarmino , Santos Hugo Leonardo Rodrigues
Published: February 2021

O presente trabalho se propôs a investigar as estratégias utilizadas para o enfrentamento da escravidão no campo jurídico, enfocando o período compreendido entre os anos de 1860 e 1888. Também teve como meta averiguar se houve um fenômeno relevante de contestação judicial à escravidão, nos fóruns do Estado de Alagoas, recortando-se dentre as ações cíveis que tramitaram no judiciário alagoano aquelas que se referiam especificamente à questão do direito à liberdade dos escravos. Para tanto, utilizou-se a metodologia empírica, consistente na coleta e análise de dados oriundos de fontes históricas documentais – processos judiciais e demais documentos pertinentes ao tema – encontradas nos arquivos públicos e judiciários do estado de Alagoas. Ademais, para o embasamento teórico necessário à pesquisa, realizou-se investigação bibliográfica exploratória acerca da condição do negro cativo nesse período histórico e sobre a escravidão em Alagoas.
HABERMAS E A DUPLA CRISE DO ESTADO CONTEMPORÂNEO: AÇÃO COMUNICATIVA, DIREITO E ESTADO SOCIAL
Authors: Silveira Marco Aurélio Nunes da
Published: February 2021

Jürgen Habermas apresenta uma crise de duas dimensões em relação ao Estado contemporâneo. Por um lado, a perda da “centralidade do trabalho” como fundamento utópico do welfare state. Por outro, a crise de legitimidade do Estado no âmbito social, em relação ao problema da validade do Direito. Para os dois casos, o autor apresenta uma única resposta, fundada em seu conceito de ação comunicativa, com centralidade no papel da solidariedade como contraponto à ação estratégica. No consenso, então, estaria a nova “energia utópica” para o Estado contemporâneo, com o objetivo de manter o Estado Social e como parâmetro de legitimidade jurídica. Nesta perspectiva, discutem-se os argumentos apresentados em relação à atuação situação do estado de bem-estar europeu, com a finalidade de questionar sua aplicabilidade à realidade de países periféricos. Para tanto, Enrique Dussel oferece um contraponto à resposta habermasiana, ao revelar a dimensão em que há um Outro excluído da “comunidade de comunicação”, perspectiva indispensável para os contextos brasileiro e latino-americano.
BENS JURIDICOS LESADOS NO CRIME DE PORNOGRAFIA DE VINGANÇA E SUA EFETIVA TUTELA PENAL NA LEI MARIA DA PENHA
Authors: Silva Artenira da Silva e , Pinheiro Rossana Barros
Published: February 2021

A pornografia de vingança se apresenta como crime de larga incidência na modernidade, evidenciando as percepções sexistas e machistas de gênero já observadas na convivência presencial nas plataformas virtuais, influenciando assim a percepção do agressor quanto à necessidade  da vingança moral ante uma traição ou término afetivos, expondo as mulheres a julgamentos sociais que condenam a postura das vítimas, naturalizando assim a violência praticada. Considerando que a pornografia de vingança fere simultaneamente uma variedade de bens jurídicos mediante a perpetração de diferentes modalidades de violência de gênero, conclui-se que a Lei Maria da Penha apresenta-se como instrumento normativo mais adequado ao enfrentamento institucional do problema, haja vista a centralidade do conceito de violência de gênero e a consideração da complexidade das múltiplas modalidades de violências praticadas em virtude desse.
REGULAÇÃO BY DESIGN, LEX INFORMATI-CA E O DIREITO COMO METATECNOLOGIA PARA OS RESULTADOS TENDENCIOSOS SOB O SISTEMA DE RECOMENDAÇÃO DE BENS CULTURAIS IMATERIAIS
Authors: Fornasier Mateus de Oliveira , Knebel Norberto Milton Paiva
Published: February 2021

Este artigo objetiva encontrar uma aplicação para a lex informatica como ordem jurídica não-estatal consolidada, para além da lex privacy, que corresponde ao respeito à liberdade de escolha para o consumo de bens culturais imateriais, incorporado ao núcleo da programação das plataformas que disponibilizam essas mídias, por meio de uma regulação by design, ou seja, uma regulação diretamente na arquitetura da programação desses aplicativos. Objetivos específicos: i) abordar o surgimento das novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação e seus efeitos na sociedade e a ascensão da responsabilidade social empresarial e da autorregulação privada como modelos regulatórios do Direito, em que surgem ordens jurídicas não-estatais como resultado da práxis global das empresas de tecnologia transnacionais; ii) relacionar esse cenário com a realidade dos resultados tendenciosos das plataformas de mídias digitais. Resultados: é possível uma regulação by design das plataformas digitais que disponibilizam bens culturais imateriais por meio de uma regulação algorítmica feita pelos desenvolvedores que incorpore a liberdade de escolha e a proteção dos dados dos consumidores como princípio. Todavia, isso só é necessário se essa regulação for auditável, ou seja, com transparência frente ao público. E a regulação by design tem o mérito de perceber a dinâmica e a velocidade do desenvolvimento dos softwares ao mesmo tempo que incorpora princípios jurídicos relevantes e discutidos na esfera pública. Metodologia: método de procedimento dialético, com abordagem qualitativa e técnica de pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica e documental.
CORONAVÍRUS (COVID-19): O RESSARCIMENTO À REDE PÚBLICA DE SAÚDE PELOS GASTOS DE BENEFICIÁRIOS DE PLANOS PRIVADOS
Authors: Ferraz Miriam Olivia Knopik , Ferneda Ariê Scherreier
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo tem por finalidade analisar o direito à saúde enquanto um direito fundamental e a possibilidade de planos privados de saúde ressarcirem o Sistema Único de Saúde em razão dos serviços prestados aos seus beneficiários no caso do COVID-19. Nesse sentido,  por meio da metodologia lógico-dedutiva pretendeu-se dar ênfase ao princípio do acesso universal e igualitário à saúde para questionar a possibilidade de ressarcimento prevista no art. 32 da Lei n. 9.656/1998, sem olvidar do entendimento fixado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal junto ao Recurso Extraordinário n. 597.064 e à Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade n. 1931. Ademais, ressalta-se a atualidade do debate e por isso retoma-se diante da pandemia que eclodiu no mundo em março de 2020.
A CONDIÇÃO FEMININA NA SOCIEDADE PÓS CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE 1988
Authors: Siqueira Dirceu Pereira , Motta Ivan Dias da , Mundin Maria de Lourdes Araújo Cavalcanti
Published: February 2021

Desde os primórdios da civilização o ser humano já se deparou com uma classificação da espécie em seres masculinos e femininos. Desta segmentação binária, fortemente atacada na sociedade moderna em vista da abertura para outros arranjos sociais identitários, ascendem conflitos fomentados e também derivados de influências culturais, históricas, sociais e políticas que ditam a forma de inserção dos sujeitos na sociedade atual. Este trabalho, que se ocupou da reconstrução do cenário atinente à condição feminina na sociedade brasileira, sobretudo pós Constituição Federal de 1988, tomando-se o relevante marco regulatório na construção de um contexto de equidade de gênero enquanto direito fundamental que passa a integrar o núcleo sólido de um sistema de direitos da personalidade feminina. Avalia as concebíveis justificações históricas, culturais e sociológicas, que contribuíram para a formação da convicção ainda vigente segundo a qual, a personalidade feminina compõe uma categoria espoliada do status de plena cidadania, bem como as possíveis rotas ao fomento e indução de mecanismos capazes de contribuir com uma discussão em torno da equidade de gênero.
Modelo para la escritura de artículos científicos a distancia mediante tareas colaborativas
Authors: Solis-Pino Andrés Felipe , Vargas-Ordoñez Leydi Mercedes , Collazos César A.
Published: February 2021

Para mejorar el proceso de escritura científica de forma colaborativa se han realizado múltiples investigaciones, como la elaboración de indicadores para medir el éxito de estas actividades y el desarrollo de herramientas informáticas que faciliten la ejecución de dicho ejercicio. Estos trabajos de investigación han tomado relevancia y pertinencia por las condiciones actuales de pandemia (COVID-19), debido a que las medidas de aislamiento general que se han establecido imposibilitan el encuentro y la interacción con otras personas, lo cual son valores importantes para tener éxito en cualquier actividad colaborativa. Por esta razón, en tiempos recientes, el proceso de investigación y escritura científica se ha dificultado, identificándose la falta de un proceso estructurado para organizar y sistematizar la investigación científica a distancia mediante medios virtuales. Teniendo en cuenta la problemática mencionada, se presenta un modelo basado en los aportes de la ingeniería de la colaboración que permite diseñar tareas conjuntas desde la virtualidad, añadiendo elementos del modelo Socialización, Externalización, Combinación e Internalización (SECI), el cual busca gestionar el conocimiento y hacerlo uniforme entre los autores. Para esto, se realizó una encuesta que permitió la abstracción de tareas comunes al escribir artículos científicos y se planteó un modelo para mejorar este proceso. Su validación se realizó mediante un caso de estudio donde un grupo de investigadores utilizan la propuesta y desarrollan la escritura de un documento de investigación. Posteriormente, se obtuvieron resultados prometedores acerca del modelo propuesto, con niveles altos de satisfacción entre los participantes. Finalmente, se constató que es un área de investigación en la que se pueden hacer aportes significativos al proceso de escritura científica en épocas de aislamiento a causa de la pandemia, donde el desarrollo de herramientas específicas para evaluar actividades colaborativas es una necesidad latente.
Evaluating the Throughput of Real-time Distance Education Services Supported by a Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Ospina Cifuentes Bayron , Montoya Benítez Alber , Góez German David , Alvarado Jaimes Ricardo
Published: February 2021

Tele-education went from being an option to becoming a necessity given the current public health problems. Due to this, the educational sector has included blended courses as part of its training offer. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) will therefore, become an important resource to work, under this class format, with students outside the classroom, in accordance with the standards recommended inside a university campus. MANETs require certain parameters that ensure the quality of communications and identify the factors that influence Quality of Service (QoS). The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that affect the quality of communications in a tele-education environment. For this purpose, the QoS of a MANET supporting a real-time video streaming is evaluated based on throughput. As a result, the main factors that directly or indirectly affect the operation of the network could be identified, which may help in making decisions regarding aspects such as the number of nodes and the node mobility speed. Moreover, the versatility and scalability of the MANET was proven, as when the number of nodes went from 5 to 10, throughput increased by 14 %. This also occurred with the transmission rate factor when the video was streamed in a channel with a variable bitrate (64–4096 kbps).
Interfaz humano-computador basada en gestos faciales y orientada a la aplicación WhatsApp para personas con limitación motriz de miembros superiores
Authors: Ferrín-Bolaños Carlos , Mosquera-DeLaCruz José , Pino-Murcia John , Moctezuma-Ruiz Luis , Burgos-Martínez Jonathan , Aragón-Valencia Luis , Loaiza-Correa Humberto
Published: February 2021

En el caso de personas con limitación motriz de miembros superiores, los gestos faciales son la principal forma de comunicarse con el mundo. Sin embargo, las interfaces actuales basadas en gestos no tienen en cuenta la reducción de movilidad que la mayoría de las personas con limitación motriz experimentan durante sus periodos de recuperación. Como alternativa para superar esta limitación, se presenta una interfaz humana-computador basada en técnicas de visión por computador sobre dos tipos de imagen: la imagen del rostro capturada mediante webcam y la captura de pantalla de una aplicación de escritorio en primer plano. La primera imagen es utilizada para detectar, seguir y estimar la pose del rostro con el fin de desplazar y ejecutar comandos con el cursor; la segunda imagen es utilizada para lograr que los desplazamientos del cursor sean realizados a zonas específicas de interacción de la aplicación de escritorio. La interfaz es programada totalmente en Python 3.6 utilizando bibliotecas de código abierto y se ejecuta en segundo plano dentro del sistema operativo Windows. El desempeño de la interfaz se evalúa con videos de personas utilizando cuatro comandos de interacción con la aplicación WhatsApp versión de escritorio. Se encontró que la interfaz puede operar con varios tipos de iluminación, fondos, distancias a la cámara, posturas y velocidades de movimiento; la ubicación y el tamaño de la ventana de WhatsApp no afecta la efectividad de la interfaz. La interfaz opera a una velocidad de 1 Hz y utiliza el 35 % de la capacidad de un procesador Intel Core i5 y 1,5 GB de RAM para su ejecución lo que permite concebir esta solución en equipos de cómputo personales.
Bioethanol Production from Yam (Dioscorea Rotundata) Using Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF)
Authors: Villadiego-del Villar Alfredo Enrique , Sarmiento-Zea Nicolás , León-Pulido Jeffrey , Rojas-Pérez Lilia Carolina
Published: February 2021

Yam is a starchy tuber mainly used in food preparation but with high potential applications in other fields such as pharmaceutical and bioplastic production. Colombia is among the top twelve yam producing countries worldwide and ranked first in terms of yield of tons per hectare planted. Yam production has specifically been concentrated in the Caribbean region, which is why this tuber is very little known in the inland regions. In this study, we evaluated Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) for bioethanol production from yam (Dioscorea rotundata) using Saccharomyces bayanus. Ethanol production technologies involve the fermentation and hydrolysis of consumable raw materials (i.e., sugar cane and corn) which are quite mature around the world. For this reason, the process under analysis combined three phases: 60 min of gelatinization, enzymatic hydrolysis (divided into 40 min of liquefaction with α-amylase and 20 min of saccharification with glucoamylase), and 27 h of fermentation with no enzyme recovery. We used different yam concentrations (10, 12.5, 15, and 18 % w/w) in a wet basis. SSF was monitored along time, and total reducing sugars and ethanol concentration were quantified. The hydrolysis yield, was calculated based on the theoretical starch available in the tuber, was 90 % of starch mass for samples with a yam concentration of 10 and 15 % w/w. Regarding ethanol, the best result (a productivity of 0.19 g/Lh-1) was obtained with the sample with a yam concentration of 10 % w/w. Therefore, yam is a starchy material suitable to produce bioethanol via SSF.
Reference Framework for Measuring the Level of Technological Acceptance by the Elderly: A Case Study of Virtual Assistants
Authors: Bolaños Manuel , Collazos Cesar , Gutiérrez Francisco
Published: February 2021

Elderly people often have problems to use technology. As a result, the existing diversity of systems and applications adapted to this kind of users is expanding, thus facilitating the communication with their social environment, and supporting their daily activities. The aim of this study was to identify the intention of a group of older adults in Pasto, Colombia, to use smart virtual assistants and the activities in which they think these devices would be useful. Considering the participants’ characteristics and in order to capture their feelings, thoughts, and experiences, we held focus groups to gather precise, clear, and simple information. The results obtained indicate that older adults can potentially use virtual assistants for their daily personal, work-related, and recreational activities. Nevertheless, motivation and technology acceptance are key aspects to ensure the usability of technological systems by this populational group, and user requirements should be well defined in order to identify the characteristics and functionalities that they expect to find in such technology products. Therefore, technology developed for the elderly must meet their essential expectations in order for them to accept and adopt it in their daily lives.Elderly people often have problems to use technology. As a result, the existing diversity of systems and applications adapted to this kind of users is expanding, thus facilitating the communication with their social environment, and supporting their daily activities. The aim of this study was to identify the intention of a group of older adults in Pasto, Colombia, to use smart virtual assistants and the activities in which they think these devices would be useful. Considering the participants’ characteristics and in order to capture their feelings, thoughts, and experiences, we held focus groups to gather precise, clear, and simple information. The results obtained indicate that older adults can potentially use virtual assistants for their daily personal, work-related, and recreational activities. Nevertheless, motivation and technology acceptance are key aspects to ensure the usability of technological systems by this populational group, and user requirements should be well defined in order to identify the characteristics and functionalities that they expect to find in such technology products. Therefore, technology developed for the elderly must meet their essential expectations in order for them to accept and adopt it in their daily lives.
MDMA electrochemical determination in aqueous media containing illicit drugs and validation of a voltammetric methodology
Authors: Katayama Juliana Midori Toia , Oiye Erica Naomi , Ribeiro Maria Fernanda Muzetti , Ipólito Antônio José , De Andrade José Fernando , De Oliveira Marcelo Firmino
Published: February 2021

MDMA is the abbreviation for 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, which is commonly found in “ecstasy” pills. The psychoactive and euphoric effects that MDMA causes make this substance an illicit drug that is constantly seized by police forces. We describe a low-cost and fast voltammetric methodology that requires a carbon paste electrode (working electrode) in aqueous solution containing 0.1 mol L-1 LiClO4 as the supporting electrolyte. We conducted cyclic and square wave voltammetry and obtained limits of detection of 0.33 μg mL-1 and 0.36 μg mL-1, respectively, as others figures of merit for a complete validation. It includes the analysis main interfering substances, and results for seized samples were compared to those obtained by chromatography, which were close. An extended study of robustness were carried out by Youden’s test, that is inedited to electrochemical techniques when applied to forensic analysis. This test contributes to complete methodology validation and study of electrode cost and efficiency during electrochemical measurements involving a carbon paste electrode. In the end, this work presents a full validated methodology able to be applied in forensic laboratories.
Stability-Indicating HPLC Method for isoflavones aglycones analysis from Trifolium pratense L. extract
Authors: Martiny Simony , Waszczuk Mairique , Kaiser Samuel , Nemitz Marina Cardoso , Bassani Valquiria Linck
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a fast HPLC stability-indicating method for simultaneously quantifying the four main isoflavones in Trifolium pratense. Validation procedures followed the ICH requirements for complex matrices. The stability-indicating tests were performed by exposing the isoflavones to conditions of forced degradation and further analysis for verifying the formation of degradation products and their possible interferences in the HPLC analysis. The major isoflavones of Trifolium pratense proved to be stable against acid and oxidative media, thermodegradation, and photodegradation. However, they proved to be unstable in alkaline media, even for short periods of exposure like 2h. In this condition, in addition to the peaks corresponding to isoflavones, the HPLC analysis showed the presence of three additional peaks which were eluted at different retention times to the reference substances, without interfering in the quantification of the four analytes of interest, formononetin, biochanin A, daidzein and genistein. The method was validated following ICH guidelines showing to be specific, linear, precise, accurate, and robust.This first report concerning a stability-indicating method revealed that the proposed HPLC method reliably quantify the isoflavones and separate them from the degradation products in a short time of analysis.
Evaluation of Physical-Chemical and Microbiological Stability of Fluconazole Oral Suspensions for Hospital Use
Authors: D'Amore Camilo Marques , Simon Elisa De Saldanha , Steppe Martin
Published: February 2021

Fluconazole is an important drug in the treatment of cutaneous and systemic mycoses. The Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre performs a derivation of fluconazole capsules to obtain an oral liquid formulation that is easily administered and whose dose can be adjusted. In order to replace the derivation for a formulation produced from an active pharmaceutical ingredient, this study sought to develop a liquid oral formulation, evaluate its physical chemical and microbiological stability and demonstrate suitability of the analytical method for the formulation assay. Seven different formulations of pharmaceutical suspension form were produced and evaluated for pH, viscosity, sedimentation volume and assay. The analytical method by High Performance Liquid Chromatography was demonstrated. Two most promising formulations were manipulated in the Farmácia Semi-Industrial do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and stored in amber PET bottles under three different conditions: room temperature, under refrigeration (2 to 8 ºC) and in an oven (40 ° C). Samples were collected after 0, 7 and 14 days to evaluate physical-chemical stability, assay, pH and macroscopic aspects. Samples were collected after 0 and 21 days to evaluate microbiological stability. It was possible to demonstrate stability for one of the formulations for a 14-day period. Throughout the study, the chosen formulation presented adequate quantification of fluconazole, constant pH, no organoleptic changes and no microbial growth. The results suggest the incorporation of a new formulation for fluconazole to the Farmacia Semi-Industrial portfolio).
Antifungal activity of essential oils from Cinnamomum cassia, Myristica fragrans and Syzygium aromaticum against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa
Authors: Butzge Juliana Caroline , Ferrão Simone Krause , Mezzomo Letícia , Calil Luciane Noal , Mezzari Adelina , Limberger Renata Pereira , Apel Miriam Anders
Published: February 2021

Rhodotorula genus comprises yeasts from Sporidiobolaceae family. Considered as non-pathogenic until the last two decades, different species of Rhodotorula are emerging as pathogens in humans, with R. mucilaginosa being the most commonly involved in infections, ranging from simpler clinical conditions such as skin manifestations to more severe cases such as meningitis and endocarditis. The major facilitating agents for the emergence of these infections are invasive procedures such as catheter implants. The primary drugs of choice used to treat these infections are amphotericin B and fluconazole. However, some strains of this yeast show different degrees of resistance to these substances, thus justifying the search for new therapeutic agents. Considering this, the present study aims the investigation of the antifungal activity of the essential oils of Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon), Syzygium aromaticum (clove) and Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) against clinical isolates of R. mucilaginosa. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC-MS. The investigation of the antifungal action activity was performed by the agar disc-diffusion test followed by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination. All the essential oils were species present their oil characterized by the presence of phenylpropanoids, with eugenol (77.6 to 94.4%) as the main compound of clove and E-cinnamaldehyde (90.4 to 100%) of cinnamon. Nutmeg oil is characterized by the presence of showed as main compounds the myristicin (1.8 a 12.8%) and elemicin (4.3 a 11.1%) phenylpropanoids, besides sabinene (28.2 to 44.4%) and terpinen-4-ol (16.0 to 19.5%) monoterpenes. In the investigation of antifungal activity, all the oils showed potential action against clinical isolates of R. mucilaginosa, with MICs ranging from 8 to 500 µg/mL. The results demonstrate that these oils are promising candidates in the search for new anti-Rhodotorula agents, enabling the treatment of aforementioned infections.
Polymeric nanoparticles loaded naringin and naringenin: effect of solvent, characterization, photodegradation and stability studies
Authors: Cordenonsi Leticia Malgarim , Sponchiado Rafaela Martins , Bandeira Jardel Rodrigo , Santos Roberto Chris Vianna , Raffin Renata Platchek , Schapoval Elfrides Eva Scherman
Published: February 2021

Naringin (NAR) and naringenin (NGE) are flavonoids with important effects, such as antioxidant, nephroprotective and anti-inflammatory action. However, factors such as poor solubility and oral bioavailability, gastrointestinal instability and extensive first pass metabolism lead to limited deliverability. As far as we know, there are no papers describing the use of combination of NAR and NGE in nanoparticles. This paper describes the development and characterization of new nanoparticles containing NAR and NGE (NAR-NGE-NPs) which were prepared by nanoprecipitation using ethanol or mixture of solvents. Size distribution of NAR-NGE-NPs demonstrated a narrow distribution (121 nm), low polydispersity (< 0.1), and encapsulation efficiencies were greater than 80%. Infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed the structure of NAR-NGE-NPs and in transmission electron microscopy, NAR-NGE-NPs presented a spherical and regular shape. A degradation study by UV-C, NAR-NGE-NPs improved photostability and conferred protection against NAR and NGE degradation. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of NAR and NGE were evaluated, however samples did not show antimicrobial activity. In this investigation, new NAR-NGE-NPs were successfully developed by a nanoprecipitation technique, using Endragit®L100 as polymer and ethanol as solvent.
IMPLIKASI APLIKASI PEMBACA BUKU DALAM MENINGKATKAN LITERASI TUNANETRA
Authors: Fathurahmat Rd Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Tunanetra dalam melakukan berbagai aktivitasnya, terutama aplikasi pembaca buku yang sangat membantu memberikan kemudahan untuk mendapatkan informasi dan ilmu pengetahuan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis seberapa efektifnya aplikasi pembaca buku yang membantu tunanetra di DPC PERTUNI Sumedang dalam meningkatkan dan menjaga budaya literasi. Landasan teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori literasi, braille dan talkback. Metode dalam penelitian ini yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan deskritif kualitatif, dengan teknik wawancara dan studi kasus. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, membuktikan dengan adanya aplikasi pembaca buku, para tunanetra yang tergabung dalam organisasi DPC PERTUNI Sumedang terbantu dalam berkreasi di bidang literasi.
Jupyter: Thinking and Storytelling with Code and Data
Authors: Granger Brian , Pérez Fernando
Published: February 2021

Project Jupyter is an open-source project for interactive computing
widely used in data science, machine learning, and scientific computing.
We argue that even though Jupyter helps users perform complex, technical
work, Jupyter itself solves problems that are fundamentally human in
nature. Namely, Jupyter helps humans to think and tell stories with code
and data. We illustrate this by describing three dimensions of Jupyter:
interactive computing, computational narratives, and  the idea that
Jupyter is more than software. We illustrate the impact of these
dimensions on a community of practice in Earth and climate science.
Crystal Storing Histiocytosis and Bing-Neel-like syndrome revealing a marginal zone lymphoma with plasmacytic differentiation.
Authors: Lequain Hippolyte , Gerfaud-Valentin Mathieu , Fontaine Juliette , FERRANT Emmanuelle , GRUMET Pierre , Jamilloux Yvan , Traverse-glehen Alexandra , Seve Pascal
Published: February 2021

Crystal Storing Histiocytosis and Bing Neel Syndrome are two diseases
induced by paraprotein. Herein, we report a rare case of Crystal Storing
Histiocytosis associated with Bing-Neel-like neurological manifestations
in the context of marginal zone lymphoma with plasmacytic
differentiation.
Blow up of nonlinear multi-time fractional differential equations
Authors: Tang Weike
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we study the well-posedness of nonlinear multi-time
fractional differential equations and show that the solutions of the
system will blow up in finite time under certain assumptions. In
particular, we apply the results to the nonlinear time fractional
Burgers equations.
The clinical efficacy of continuous renal replacement in the treatment of acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ma sijia , Zhao mingming , Pan zhiyu , Fan jiao , Zhang xuexue , zhang yu
Published: February 2021

Abstract：Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the
effect of continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT) on patients with
acute pancreatitis(AP). Methods: A comprehensive search of seven
databases without language restrictions includes PubMed, Cochrane
Library, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge
Infrastructure(CNKI) and Wan fang database. Randomized controlled trials
(RCTs) for the treatment of acute pancreatitis with CRRT were searched.
All the included literatures were published before December 2020. Two
review authors independently selected the study and extracted the data
according to the inclusion criteria. A third review author will and
discuss with the first two review authors and resolve the differences.
Weighted mean difference(WMD), risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence
interval (CI) were used for estimating the clinical efficacy of AP in
CRRT and control treatment. Results: Fifty-three RCTs met the inclusion
criteria and were used in the meta-analysis, with a total of 3,382
effective samples. A comprehensive review of the system shows that the
mortality rate of the CRRT group was significantly lower than that of
the control group, and the difference was statistically
significant(RR=0.44,95%CI0.34 to 0.57,P< 0.000001), the
patients using CRRT had lower APACHE Ⅱ scores level(WMD=-3.78,
95%CI-4.66 to -2.90,P<0.00001),higher CRP, PCT,TNF-αand IL-6
clearance effect. According to liver function, the patients using CRRT
had lower ALT and AST levels. In the same way, according to renal
function, the patients using CRRT had lower SCr (WMD=-94.28,
95%CI-125.47 to -63.10, P<0.00001). The patients using CRRT
also had higher ALB levels(WMD=2.32, 95%CI-1.05 to 3.59 ,P=0.0003).
Moreover, Results shown no statistical difference in Serum potassium
level (WMD=-0.00, 95%CI-0.31 to 0.31,P=1.00)between the two groups.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that treatment with CRRT for acute
pancreatitis may be more beneficial than conventional treatment.
However, high-quality studies with a larger sample size are still needed
to confirm our results.
Selbstisolation als Therapie. Pandemien aus der Perspektive der hedonistischen Ethik
Authors: Kaiser Christian
Published: February 2021

Im Zusammenhang mit der Covid-19-Pandemie wurde die Aktualität der Lehren des ethischen Hedonismus der epikureischen Tradition betont. Der Beitrag möchte die Aspekte dieses Hedonismus aufzeigen, die in der aktuellen Krise relevant sein könnten, und dabei auf ihre theoretische Begründung und historische Fundierung eingehen. Zentral ist zunächst die Beschäftigung mit der eigenen Sterblichkeit. Der Tod wird ständig vergegenwärtigt; Epidemien sind seit der Antike ein klassisches Beispiel zur Illustration der Bedeutung der Todesakzeptanz für das Lebensglück. Das „gute Leben“ beinhaltet die „Selbstisolation“, hier verstanden als die Konzentration auf einen kleinen Kreis von Menschen, die einander helfen, ein freudeerfülltes Leben zu realisieren. Im Vordergrund steht zudem die permanente Selbstbeschränkung auf die Befriedigung der wirklich notwendigen und natürlichen Bedürfnisse zur Therapie der eigenen Leidenschaften. Auf diesem Fundament lassen sich Grundsätze für den sozialen und politischen Umgang mit epidemischen Gefahren formulieren, etwa die stärkere Berücksichtigung der Notwendigkeit der Bedürfnisbefriedigung im materiellen und zwischenmenschlichen Sinne, die Präferenz für die Gesundheitsversorgung gegenüber anderen öffentlich finanzierten Bereichen, aber auch philosophische Aufklärung gegen die verbreitete Todesverdrängung.
Die Diagnosestellung als Situation. Eine existenzphilosophische Betrachtung ärztlicher Kommunikationsaufgaben
Authors: Wörler Frank
Published: February 2021

Im Medizin- und Care-Diskurs zielt die Frage, wie mit Patientinnen zu kommunizieren sei, oft auf eine normativ-ethische Ebene. Dementgegen soll hier eine eher auf die epistemologische Ebene gerichtete Untersuchung der Gesprächssituation in der Diagnosestellung geleistet werden. Die Erörterung verläuft entlang der existenziellen Philosophien von Gabriel Marcel und Martin Buber. Dabei zeigt sich, dass es drei Ebenen gibt, die das Arztgespräch bestimmen. Auf der ersten Ebene befindet sich die meist asymmetrische sachliche Kommunikationssituation über medizinische und biochemische Zusammenhänge. Hier tritt die Ärztin als Expertin auf. Als zweite Ebene kann man die existenziell-dialogische Situation der Begegnung zweier Menschen ausmachen. Hier besteht eine völlige Symmetrie, da die Begegnung bei Buber und Marcel nicht an besondere Einrichtungen, wie zum Beispiel Fürsorge, gebunden ist. Die dritte Ebene kehrt das ‚Machtverhältnis‘ – so man diesen Begriff nutzen will – um: Die Patientin hat, indem sie sich in einer Grenzsituation befindet, einen Wissens- und Handlungsraum, der dem der Ärztin überlegen ist. Als Betroffene kann sie beispielsweise eine mögliche Therapie ablehnen, während die Ärztin eine indizierte Therapie nicht verweigern darf. Die genaueren Lektüren Marcels und Bubers lassen weiterhin deutlich werden, wie tiefgreifend die Vorbehalte der Dialogphilosophie gegenüber Institutionen und deren Normen sind. Die Idee des informierten Einverständnisses (informed consent), welche die medizinethische Debatte dominiert, erweist sich aus Bubers Perspektive als brüchig, wo affektive Innerlichkeit lediglich ein Spiegel der äußerlichen Einrichtungen ist. Der Begriff der Hoffnung wird schließlich herangezogen, um den besonderen Handlungsraum der Ärztin aus der Perspektive der Dialogphilosophie zu konkretisieren.
Pachamama als Ökosystemintegrität – Die Rechte der Natur in der Verfassung von Ecuador und ihre umweltethische Rechtfertigung
Authors: Knauß Stefan
Published: February 2021

Die Verfassung von Ecuador (2008) enthält als weltweit erste Rechte der Natur (engl. Rights of Nature, „RoN“). Natur wird neben Menschen und Körperschaften als Rechtsträger benannt (Art. 10). Ihr wird ein Recht auf Existenz und Regeneration (Art. 71) zugesprochen, das unabhängig von menschlichen Rechten gilt (Art. 72) und von allen Menschen weltweit eingeklagt werden darf (Art. 73). Die Verfassung stützt sich auf den indigenen Naturbegriff Pachamama und erläutert deren Schutzanspruch durch das andine Konzept des Guten Lebens (span. buen vivir). Die Umweltethik (Environmental Ethics) bezeichnet ein holisitisches Naturverständnis als „Ökozentrismus“, wenn der Natur als überindividueller Ganzheit ein irreduzibler Schutzstatus zugesprochen wird. Der umweltethische Ökozentrismus der Verfassung von Ecuador lässt sich erfolgreich gegen drei Kritiken verteidigen. Ökozentrische Positionen seien, 1) unvereinbar mit dem methodischen Individualismus der Menschenrechte. Ökosysteme selbst seien 2) „bloß“ vom menschlichen Beobachter abhängige Entitäten, die 3) über kein inhärentes Kriterium für Schädigungen verfügten. Die Konkretisierung des Ökozentrismus in Bezug auf die Verfassung von Ecuador erlaubt drei Thesen: 1) Der Schutz der Natur als überindividueller Ganzheit darf nicht als alleiniges ethisches Prinzip (monistischer Holismus) missverstanden werden. Innerhalb eines pluralistischen Holismus besitzt der Ökozentrismus nicht per se Vorrang gegenüber den Interessen individueller Naturwesen und juristischer Personen. 2) Da Ökosysteme im Gegensatz zu individuellen Naturwesen keine ontologisch selbstständigen Entitäten sind, lassen sich deren Rechte nicht analog zu denen natürlicher Personen begründen. Die Environmental Personhood (Gordon 2018) ist gemäß der Association Theory der Rechtspersönlichkeit als ein menschliches Konstrukt zu verstehen (Miller 2019). 3) Der Maßstab für die Schädigung von Ökosystemen kann nicht als ein der Natur inhärentes, objektives Kriterium „aufgefunden“ werden. Ökologische Schäden an der „Integrität, Stabilität und Schönheit“ (Leopold 1949) der Natur sind vielmehr Schäden an menschlichen Werten. Als solche entspringen sie im Falle der ecuadorianischen Verfassung vor allem nichtinstrumentellen menschlichen Bezugnahmen auf die Natur. Der Natur wird hierbei eudaimonistischer Wert und moralischer Selbstwert zugeschrieben (Potthast et al. 2007).
Primer on Social Bonds and Recent Developments in Asia
Authors: Tian Shu
Published: February 2021

Innovative financial instruments to support more inclusive development have emerged in recent years. These include social bonds designed to raise proceeds for projects with positive social outcomes. Social bonds can help Asia meet its long-term objectives in line with the Sustainable Development Goals and also facilitate the transition to a more inclusive economic recovery from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This publication explains why social bond market development is vital to financing the sustainable recovery of Asia from the pandemic. It also outlines salient barriers to social bond market development in the region and potential solutions to overcome them.
Diet of the European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) in the southern Pannonian plain
Authors: Arok Maja , Nikolic Tijana , Győri-Koósz Barbara , Milinski Lea , Cirovic Dusko
Published: February 2021

Overwinter survival of hibernators is directly influenced by the fat reserves accumulated during the active season. The European ground squirrel, Spermophilus citellus, an endangered flagship species of the open grasslands of central and southeastern Europe, is no exception. Considering anthropogenic changes affecting its habitats in northern Serbia, we studied the species? feeding habits by subjecting its feces to microhistological examination. In addition to identifying plant remains in the feces, we examined the vegetation of the four study sites located inside a local mosaic of steppe and saline pastures. Our findings indicate that these remaining European ground-squirrel sites are diverse and stable grasslands covered by native flora that represents a complete dietary base for the species. The diet is dominated by a small number of plant species, specifically Achillea millefolium, legumes and grasses, with sporadic contributions from a number of other species. The diet of S. citellus also differs by location and season in that grasses dominate during the early season, while A. millefolium takes precedence later in the year. This dietary information is essential for the development of future species and habitat management strategies. In light of the predicted impact of climate change on grasslands in northern Serbia, our findings will be instrumental for translocations and conservation actions in the future.
Activated carbon from mustard stalk biomass: Synthesis, characterization and application in wastewater treatment
Authors: Patidar Kalpana , Vashishtha Manish
Published: February 2021

Present work is focused on the preparation of mustard stalk activated carbon (MSAC) using chemical activation with H3PO4 and exploring its properties for its use in dye removal from wastewater. Adsorption variable (dosage, contact time, and solution pH), pore structure, morphology, surface functional groups, equilibrium kinetics and isotherm study for the removal of methylene blue (MB) using MSAC were investigated. The present study showed that an adsorption dosage of 0.2 g L-1 and pH 8 can be considered as optimum for the MB removal. SEM result showed that pore of MSAC was larger than the pore of the mustard stalk (MS). BET surface area and total pore volume of MSAC were found as 510 m2 g-1 and 0.33 cm3 g-1, respectively. Equilibrium adsorption data were examined by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Better correspondence to the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 212.76 mg g-1 (MB onto MSAC) was obtained. Dimensionless factor, RL revealed favourable nature of the sorption in the MSAC?MB system. Adsorption rates were found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetics with good correlation. These results show that the MSAC could be used as a renewable and economical alternative to commercial activated carbon in the removal of MB dye from wastewater.
Stress factors in persons with intellectual disabilities in different types of housing
Authors: Tamas Daniela , Brkic-Jovanovic Nina , Vasiljevic Danica
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Type of housing is of great importance for the overall quality
of life and general psychosocial well-being of persons with intellectual
disabilities, as evidenced by the results of numerous studies showing that
people with intellectual disabilities living in institutions have a lower
level of life satisfaction compared to those living in the open community.
Material and Methods. In order to determine the levels of experienced stress
related to the type of housing in people with intellectual disabilities, we
carried out a study including 122 persons with intellectual disabilities
living in different types of housing; in institutions (n = 51), with
families (n = 38), and in the supported housing program (n = 33). The Life
Stress Inventory was used for the purpose of this research. Results. The
results showed that people who were included in the supported housing
program experienced the least stress, compared to the subjects who lived
with their families or in institutions (p < 0.001). Stress was the least
prevalent in the supported housing program, but the other two groups had
similar results. The presence of stress did not differ significantly between
subjects living with their families and those living in institutions.
Conclusion. We can conclude that subjects living in supported housing
experienced significantly less stress compared to the other two groups.
Different types of housing were associated with different levels of stress.
Overall, negative interpersonal relationship was identified as the stress
factor that correlated most significantly with other stress factors.
Thresholds of Glycemia and the Outcomes of COVID-19 Complicated With Diabetes: A Retrospective Exploratory Study Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Shen Yun , Fan Xiaohong , Zhang Lei , Wang Yaxin , Li Cheng , Lu Jingyi , Zha Bingbing , Wu Yueyue , Chen Xiaohua , Zhou Jian , Jia Weiping
Published: February 2021

Objective: Although
elevated glucose levels are reported to be associated with adverse outcomes of
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the optimal range of glucose in patients
with COVID-19 and diabetes remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the
threshold of glycemia and its association with the outcomes of COVID-19.

Research design and
methods: Glucose levels were assessed via intermittently
scanned continuous glucose monitoring in 35 patients with an average period of
10.2 days. The percentages of time above range (TAR), time below range (TBR),
time in range (TIR), and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated.
Composite adverse outcomes were defined as either the need for admission to
intensive care unit, need for mechanic ventilation, or morbidity with critical
illness.

Results:
TARs with the threshold from 160 mg/dL - 200 mg/dL were all significantly
associated with composite adverse outcomes after adjustment of covariates. Both
TBR (<70 mg/dL) and TIR of 70 mg/dL - 160 mg/dL, but not mean sensor glucose
level, were significantly associated with composite adverse outcomes and
prolonged hospitalization. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of the CV of
sensor glucose across its tertiles for composite adverse outcomes of COVID-19
were 1.00, 1.18, and 25.2, respectively.

Conclusions:
Patients with diabetes and COVID-19 have an increased risk of adverse outcomes
with glucose levels over 160 mg/dL, below 70 mg/dL, and a high CV. Therapies
that improve these metrics of glycemic control may result in better prognoses
for these patients.