bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educación bioética con perspectiva de género: nuevos derechos en salud
Authors: Mainetti María Marta , Echeverría Julieta , Bernal Marcela , La Rocca Susana
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto. La bioética latinoamericana, preocupada por los DD. HH. y las de-sigualdades por considerar en la reflexión e intervención ética en realidades concretas, sostenemos que la concreción y puesta en práctica de nuevos derechos requieren cambios de perspectiva en el ámbito de la salud. Por ello, este trabajo tiene el objetivo de analizar los aportes que la bioética en el ámbito de la educación para la formación de una perspec-tiva de género que visibilice y apunte a la transformación de desigualdades de género en la atención a la salud. Metodología/Enfoque. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, y se tomó una en-cuesta a 109 estudiantes en el área de la salud. Resultados/Hallazgos. Los resultados evidencian un nivel medio-bajo de conocimiento sobre los nuevos derechos en salud con perspectiva de género, así como la opinión favora-ble respecto a la inclusión de estas cuestiones en la educación superior. Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. Se discuten los potenciales aportes de la bioéti-ca latinoamericana en la educación, en tanto que trabajar desde la educación con perspec-tiva de derechos implica orientar las prácticas educativas hacia la formación de profesio-nales comprometidos y sensibles éticamente para afrontar las necesidades de salud de la población, que minimicen desigualdades e injusticias.
O Resgate de animais errantes à luz da Bioética e do artigo 17 da Declaração Universal Sobre Bioética e Direitos Humanos
Authors: Rodrigues Janderson Hiago Guimarães dos Santos , Lima Maria da Glória
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto:  O resgate de animais errantes ​em vias públicas se configura tema importante como problema de saúde pública e da Bioética. Este artigo buscou fazer uma reflexão teórica ​conceitual sobre questões bioéticas​ que ​​influenciam a ação humana em relação ao cuidado e a vida e o bem estar dos animais errantes, apoiada nos preceitos do artigo 17​,​ da Declaração Universal sobre Bioética e Direitos Humanos​.

​Metodologia/Enfoque: ​ Trata-se de uma análise qualitativa, a partir de levantamento bibliográfico e documental sobre questões bioéticas, jurídicas, sociais e de saúde sobre os avanços conceituais, normativos e éticos acerca da inter-relação homem e o cuidado dos animais errantes.

Resultados/ Hallazgos: ​ os resultados apontam para ​​avanços conceituais e normativos ​na ​defesa de uma inter-relação entre seres humanos e demais animais, de maneira que convivam e sobrevivam a favor do meio ambiente, da biodiversidade e da biosfera​. Todavia, persistem problemas éticos no contexto social, político e de saúde.

Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones:  ​O regaste d​e  animais abandonados em vias públicas​ demanda por mais estudos científicos para identificar estratégias para a melhoria do envolvimento e engajamento social, moral e político dos agentes sociais e das políticas públicas, com vistas ao fortalecimento dos preceitos bioéticos  do bem estar desses animais.
El principio bioético de protección y su aplicabilidad en salud pública
Authors: Naranjo Muñoz Martha Lucía
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto. Este artículo tiene como propósito contextualizar la bioética en la salud pública desde la dimensión social que relaciona los determinantes económicos, culturales y sociales y su correlación con los principios bioéticos.

Metodología/Enfoque. Se realiza un análisis de la bioética como referente en salud pública partiendo de la aplicabilidad de los principios bioéticos clásicos como son la autonomía, beneficencia, no maleficencia y justicia, principios establecidos en la Declaración de Bioética y Derechos Humanos, y finalmente, de los referidos en las propuestas alternativas de principios para una ética de salud pública como son el principio de solidaridad, la ética de la responsabilidad y la ética o principio de la protección.

Resultados/Hallazgos. Los hallazgos más significativos se relacionan con la contextualización de la bioética en la salud pública que en América Latina debe trascender al escenario de lo público, en donde la pobreza, el desplazamiento, la falta de acceso a servicios de salud, la discriminación sexual y la violencia, entre otros, influyen en la forma como se abordan las problemáticas de la salud colectiva.

Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. La contribución principal del artículo es la identificación de la aplicabilidad de la bioética a través de propuestas alternativas como es la ética o principio de protección entendida como un compromiso práctico sometido a exigencia social y entendido como un principio moral irrevocable.
Bioéticas y el porvenir de la pandemia
Authors: Fonti Diego
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto. Este trabajo se enfoca en la situación de pandemia y asume cuatro propósitos: 1) interpretar la pandemia como modelo para comprender la salud y la praxis bioética, en particular desde las características de integralidad y solidaridad de la salud; 2) reconstruir el modo relacional que esa formulación exige a los sistemas de conocimiento y las prácticas con incidencia pública; 3) revisar la propia historia de la bioética, la reformulación posibilitada por la Declaración Universal sobre Bioética y DDHH, y las críticas desde otras bioéticas situadas, para esbozar algunas propuestas para nuestras tareas futuras; 4) indagar, como un caso particular de estas tareas, la actividad educativa desde estas claves.Metodología/Enfoque. El método empleado es una hermenéutica crítica que parte de la interpretación de las situaciones sanitarias, las informaciones disponibles y las consecuencias evidenciadas en el marco de pandemia.Resultados/Hallazgos. Los principales resultados apuntan a la necesidad de recuperar los elementos principales de la Declaración a la luz de las vulneraciones efectivamente constatables, y por otro lado a la necesidad de una revisión autocrítica de las propias pretensiones de validez y extensión de la bioética.Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. La conclusión del trabajo presenta una conclusión sobre el modo en que los elementos presentados pueden formularse en la práctica educativa de la bioética.
Vulnerabilidade e controle social como desafios do Sistema CEP/Conep: um ensaio à luz da Bioética de Intervenção
Authors: Carvalho Ludmila , Velásquez John
Published: June 2022

Objetivo/Contexto. A realização de pesquisas com populações vulneráveis no Brasil evidencia dilemas éticos complexos que demandam rigorosas discussões e análises bioéticas do Sistema CEP/Conep. Um sistema ético regulatório que tenha efetividade do controle social na análise das pesquisas, garante maior proteção às populações fragilizadas. Entretanto, o exercício do controle social no Sistema CEP/Conep tornou-se um desafio, visto as dificuldades para sua concretização. Este ensaio objetiva refletir sobre os desafios enfrentados pelo Sistema CEP/Conep para garantir a proteção de populações vulneráveis e para fortalecer o controle social do Sistema, sob a luz da Bioética de Intervenção (BI).

Metodologia/Aproximação. Utilizamos o método dedutivo alinhado à metodologia qualitativa bibliográfica para a realização de reflexões visando a construção de conhecimento livre da verdade absoluta imposta pela formalidade científica.

Resultados/Realizações. Evidenciamos que a ampliação teórica das normativas que regulamentam as pesquisas com seres humanos no Brasil é essencial para aproximá-las dos direitos humanos, e do respeito pela dignidade humana e pelas liberdades fundamentais

Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. Visto seu conteúdo abrangente e inclusivo tanto político quanto social e, sobretudo, compromissado com as populações vulneráveis, sugerimos a adoção da Declaração Universal de Bioética e Direitos Humanos (DUBDH) como referencial teórico da regulamentação das pesquisas com seres humanos no Brasil.
Problemas epistemológicos de la bioética en contextos
Authors: Guerrero-Sotelo Roxana Nayeli , Orellana-Centeno José Eduardo
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto: La finalidad de la reflexión es bosquejar los principales problemas epistemológicos que presenta el quehacer cotidiano de los profesionales que comparten, aplican y crean conocimientos bioéticos en contextos sociales caracterizados por la pluriculturalidad, y determinar, cómo ellos se vinculan a los derechos humanos.

Métodología/Enfoque: Se realizó una reflexión filosófica desde realismo epistemológico pragmático de Jürgen Habermas; lo anterior partiendo de nuestra propia experiencia como profesores-investigadores en ciencias de la salud en Oaxaca, México, y asumiendo tanto la multidisciplinariedad y la pluralidad de la Bioética, como el nuevo “Enfoque de salud basado en los Derechos Humanos” (EBDH).

Resultados/Hallazgos: Los principales problemas epistemológicos del conocimiento bioético fueron dos: el primero, por cuanto hace a la relación sujeto-objeto de conocimiento la subjetivación del Otro como objeto y su instrumentalización; y el segundo, el reduccionismo metodológico y por tanto las formas de verificación de las proposiciones verdaderas. Por cuanto hace a los derechos humanos vinculados a los problemas epistemológicos son principalmente colectivos y secundariamente individuales, por canto hace a los primeros destaca el derecho a la preservación del patrimonio cultural y por cuanto al segundo el derecho a la información.

Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. La pluriculturalidad es un fenómeno que complejiza y enriquece la labor de la Bioética con una realidad múltiple de tipo sensible, inteligible y valorativo, este nexo muestra la necesidad de desarrollar abordajes inter o transdisciplinarios que aminoren tanto los problemas epistemológicos como la incidencia en la violación de derechos humanos.
Las técnicas de reproducción humana asistida heterólogas a la luz de los principios bioéticos
Authors: Cajigal Canepa Ivana
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto. Este artículo tiene como propósito principal indagar en el trasfondo bioético de las normas que en la República Argentina regulan las técnicas de reproducción humana asistida heterólogas.

Metodología/Enfoque. La metodología utilizada consiste en el análisis de la normativa nacional vigente y proyectada a la luz de los aportes de la bioética. Se parte de un enfoque de las múltiples implicancias de la identidad como derecho humano fundamental para luego indagar si las normas jurídicas se condicen con los principios bioéticos clásicos: autonomía, beneficencia, no maleficencia y justicia.

Resultados/Hallazgos. Como resultado de la investigación, se sostiene la necesidad de diferenciar dos autónomos: la determinación de los vínculos filiales y el derecho de la persona nacida a conocer la identidad de quien ha aportado el material genético. En este último sentido se propicia una interpretación encaminada a efectivizar este derecho.

Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. La contribución principal del artículo es poner en evidencia la relevancia del tema. Se concluye que la única interpretación que se condice con los principios bioéticos es la que pondera el derecho a la identidad de la persona nacida por encima de otros. Finalmente, se propicia una reforma legislativa en tal sentido.
The Border-Development-Climate Change Nexus: Precarious Campesinos at the Selva Maya Mexico–Guatemala Border
Authors: Schmook Birgit , Mardero Sofía , Calmé Sophie , White Rehema , Radel Claudia , Carte Lindsey , Cassanova Grecia , Castelar Cayetano Jorge David , Joo Chang Juan Carlos
Published: June 2022

Borderlands can be places of socio-economic tensions, development challenges, and ecological risks, now exacerbated by climate change. We investigate the border-development-climate change nexus using research from Calakmul, Mexico and Petén, Guatemala, to detail the lived experiences and vulnerabilities of campesinos in the Selva Maya cross-border region. Our mixed methods approach combines historical analysis and ethnographic interviews with 70 campesinos. We demonstrate how large scale development approaches result in local and specific policy interventions, but produce mixed outcomes for campesinos, neglecting the most marginalized. Despite the absence of any major border crossings, a porous border in this area allows flows of people, goods, and services to connect the region, but there are differential national outcomes. In Petén, many campesinos suffer from ‘irregularity’ (lacking rights to the lands where they live and cultivate), preventing access to state development benefits. In Calakmul greater climate change demands adaptations beyond the scope of recent policy interventions. We consider how the border region includes biophysical processes as well as socio-political and cultural ones, and we argue that policy interventions are required at global, national, and local scales to address structural inequalities and co-create local solutions to development, migration, and climate change challenges.
Reviewing Sanctuary Cities: A Suspended State
Authors: Kerr Sam
Published: June 2022

A book review of Sanctuary Cities: A Suspended State.
Introduction: Mexico’s Southern Border and Beyond
Authors: Van Ramshorst Jared P. , Walker Margath A.
Published: June 2022

In this introduction, the editors of the special section situate the study of the Mexico–Guatemala border, lay out the themes of the collection, and summarize the individual contributions.
A Gesture of Salt: Three Social Poems
Authors: Trapazzo Lucilla
Published: June 2022

The three poems presented here meditate in verse on the concept of migration as a consequence of war, poverty, neo-colonialism, and exploitation of the environment. “In Absence”, with its simple and composed structure, is a silent cry of hope. The poet describes one night on a refugees boat in the Mediterranean: one of many journeys of hope tainted by the shadows of future hardships and the sorrow of the memories left behind. Under it all there is the sea, the big mother and never sated monster. 

Today our cities are a melting pot of races and languages. Among the tangles of the urban landscape, the most fragile are often lost, forgotten. “Beyond the Gaze” offers a symbolic portrait of a neglected humanity, the migrants living too often at the borders of society with their crosses of wars and horrors on their shoulders (there is a hint to Jesus and mother Mary, for those who understand). Over this forgotten humanity, our distracted eyes barely notice anymore the TV news recounting other existential tragedies.

From the first steps of mankind, people migrated, scattering around the world, mixing and differentiating themselves in different cultures and customs. “Transhumance” is a sort of laic prayer and a quiet reflection on migrations, crowds, loneliness, nature, and human landscape. The poems come from the Italian book Ossidiana, published by Volturnia Edizioni in 2018 (translations into English by the poet).
El muro como objeto desde perspectivas Latinoamericanas / "The Wall as an Object from Latin-American Perspectives"
Authors: Bolívar Clara
Published: June 2022

En este texto, la coordinadora del proyecto internacional Objetos antes y después del muro presenta las prácticas artísticas que abordan de manera crítica el fenómeno de los muros fronterizos contemporáneos y los desplazamientos migratorios desde la caída del Muro de Berlín el 9 de noviembre de 1989, incluyendo perspectivas político-estéticas y el despliegue de nuevas identidades globales.

In this short text, the coordinator of the international project Objects Before and After the Wall introduces the reader to artistic practices that critically address contemporary border walls and migratory displacements since the fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989, including political-aesthetic perspectives and the deployment of new global identities.
Of Connections and Flows: Homo Afghanicus is Homo Itinerans
Authors: Saxena Chayanika
Published: June 2022

A book review of Homo Itinerans: Towards a Global Ethnography of Afghanistan.
The Social Life of Images
Authors: Jimènez Dìaz Mario
Published: June 2022

Drawing on visual studies, this mixed-media portfolio explores the mixed culture of the US–Mexico border. Emerging around the turn of the millennium as a multidisciplinary study from such diverse fields as art history, aesthetics, film theory, cultural studies, media theory, visual culture, postcolonial studies, and gender studies, visual studies respond to the need to analyze an area of growing importance in contemporary societies: that of visuality. Therefore, I try to account, without disciplinary restrictions, the processes of production of cultural meaning that have their origin in the public circulation of images. I could, thus, describe my work as investigations into “the social life of images”, analyzing the processes of the cultural construction of visuality.
Application of bacteriophage cocktails for reducing the bacterial load of nosocomial pathogens in hospital wastewater
Authors: Sadeqi Sara , Hashemi Shahraki Abdolrazagh , Nikkhahi Farhad , Javadi Amir , Marashi Seyed Mahmoud Amin
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives: In the third world and developing countries, hospital sewage is mixed with municipal waste- water. The treated effluent contains dangerous bacteria released into the environment and used in the irrigation of agricultural products, and eventually these bacteria may endanger the human health through foods. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are most- ly found in hospital wastewater. In water and wastewater treatment plants, large amounts of toxic and polluting substances are removed and destroyed, but this process does not eliminate bacteria.
Materials and Methods: Wastewater samples from 22 hospitals in Iran were collected and in the meantime specific phages (against drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria) extracted using the bilayer agar technique. Phage amplification was performed by employing a fermenter after phage identification. Amplified phages were added to the primary sedimentation pond using New-Brunwick biofermenter BioFlo/Celligen®115 and the bacterial count was evaluated for the desired bacteria.
Results: Our phage cocktail was able to reduce 99.8%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.8%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.6% and 99.9% of E. coli, E. faecium, E. faecalis, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, S. maltophilia and S. aureus counts  respectively.
Conclusion: The application of phage cocktails can remarkably help improve personal hygiene, the environment, and the optimization of surface water.
Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection among the blood donors in Golestan province: cross-sectional study
Authors: Bahrami Asma , Pourfathollah Ali Akbar , Parsania Masoud , Mehrabi Habibabadi Hossein , Sharifi Zohreh
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives: Despite the increased sensitivity of screening tests, the HBV can be transmitted during the window period and occult hepatitis B infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate HBV markers and prevalence of OBI among HBsAg negative blood donors in Golestan province.
Materials and Methods: Anti-HBc (IgM and IgG), anti-HBs and anti-HBe tests on 4313 serum samples (HBsAg negative) were performed by ELISA method. Also, all samples for the presence of HBV- DNA were tested by using NAT methods. SPSS software and chi-square test were used for data analysis.
Results: Of the 4313 samples, 384 (8.9%) sera were anti-HBc positive. Also, of 384 anti-HBc positive samples, 302 (78.65%) were anti-HBs positive and 152 (39.6%) were anti-HBe positive. Thirty-nine (0.90%) samples were anti-HBc positive, an- ti-HBs negative and anti-HBe negative. HBV-DNA was not detected in any of specimens.
Conclusion: Based on the results of retesting the isolated anti-HBc samples that after one year recalling, had undetectable HBV-DNA and for the prevention of the decreasing of healthy blood donation (due to false positive anti-HBc) and pres- ervation of the blood supplies; Individual Donor Nucleic Acid Testing (ID-NAT) along with the anti-HBc testing for the improving blood safety is recommended.
Case of misdiagnosed melioidosis from Hue city, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Bach , Nguyen Thi Khanh Linh , Ung Thi Thuy , Nhi Mai Thi Thao , Hoa Tran Thi Nhu , Tram Ngo Viet Quynh , Le Van An
Published: June 2022

Melioidosis is an emerging infection, a potentially fatal tropical disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei in humans and animals, endemic in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Diagnosis remains problematic due to its similarity to many other infections. The lack of clinical awareness and correct microbiological diagnosis contributes to the misidentification of melioidosis. We present a melioidosis case, which was misdiagnosed with pneumonia and septicemia due to Aeromonas salmonicida, leading to ineffective prolonged-course antibiotic treatment for the patient.
La narrativa como método de investigación teológica en una epistemología hermenéutica
Authors: Pérez-Vargas John Jairo , Nieto-Bravo Johan Andrés
Published: June 2022

La hermenéutica ha fungido como un aporte sustancial a los desarrollos de la teología en que se reconoce que históricamente ha existido un nexo intrínseco a su labor que inicia con las aproximaciones a la Sagrada Escritura y ofrece ulteriores desarrollos que buscan superar la textualidad o literalidad. De manera paralela, las narrativas como método de investigación también se valen de la hermenéutica como perspectiva de aproximación epistemológica y dan sentido y rigor a la interpretación y análisis. Así las cosas, se evidencia un piso en común que permite tejer no solo trasegares históricos, sino rutas de acción prospectiva entre la hermenéutica teológica y la hermenéutica narrativa. A propósito de lo anterior, este artículo busca aproximarse a la labor teológica y a la narrativa como escenarios que propenden a la reconstrucción de sentidos que se valen de la hermenéutica para consolidar saberes y aproximaciones que constituyen insumos valiosos para la generación de conocimiento. En este escenario, se busca analizar la teología y la narración desde su episteme anclada en la hermenéutica y a partir de ahí encontrar un punto en común que permite mediatizar la narrativa como un insumo que por medio de sus técnicas, instrumentos y procesos de análisis pueden interpelar el quehacer teológico en la actualidad, y así superar lógicas que excluyen los aportes de la cotidianidad y de la expresión verbalizada en escenarios humanos, y con ello permitir rastrear insumos importantes para la investigación teológica en lógicas orientadas hacia la acción.
Pesan-Pesan Dakwah dalam Adat Melengkan pada Upacara Pernikahan Suku Gayo Kabupaten Aceh Tengah
Authors: Zain Arifin , Fauzi Fauzi , Muttaqin Reza , Maturidi Maturidi
Published: June 2022

There is a traditional guide called melengkan in the Gayo wedding ceremony. Melengkan is a traditional speech that certain people can only deliver. This study raises the issue of da'wah messages in the melengkan at the wedding ceremony. This study aims to find out and find answers to the formulation of research problems: the messages of da'wah contained in the melengkan tradition, the usefulness of the melengkan, and what factors affect the delivery of the message of melengkan in the Gayo tribal wedding ceremony. The research uses a qualitative approach to the method. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The data processing and analysis technique was carried out in three steps: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed that the messages of da'wah contained in the melengkan tradition at the wedding ceremony were in the form of bonds of friendship between fellow human beings, glorifying guests, glorifying temple experts, maintaining marital relations, reminding to remain devoted to both parents, directing husband and wife to become sakinah mawaddah warahmah family
Peribahasa Urang Banjar Perspektif Islam dalam Menangkal Hoax dan Ujaran Kebencian di Media Sosial
Authors: Ilmi Muhammad Hafidz
Published: June 2022

The recent outbreak of hoaxes and hate speech on social media is very concerning. Through a medium, various opinions are easily expressed. But what is unfortunate is that this freedom is not accompanied by knowledge in its use, so negative impacts such as hoaxes or fake news and hate speech quickly spread everywhere. Therefore, this study aims to provide answers related to this problem. Through the local wisdom of the Banjar people in the form of proverbs that have been taught for generations. They turn out to contain Islamic principles that can be used in communication, especially in countering hoaxes and hate speech on social media, such as the principle of qaulan sadida, tawakkuf, speaking well or silent, tabayyun, and the principle of iqra or revitalizing literacy culture. The purpose of writing this article is to find out what causes hoaxes and hate speech to spread quickly and how the role of the Banjarese proverb from an Islamic perspective in counteracting hoaxes and hate speech on social media. The writing method applied in this article is library research from various sources and with a qualitative descriptive approach
Fenomena Majelis Zikir (Kajian Pranata Sosial Peribadatan dalam Kehidupan Komunitas Muslim)
Authors: Dedi Syarial
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to describe the phenomenon of the proliferation of zikir assemblies in the urban and rural communities, with various motives for their emergence and what benefits are generated by their existence. This phenomenon is fascinating to convey because there is a link between the spiritual and social dimensions. Mistakes in understanding will have fatal consequences for the people themselves. This study uses a normative and descriptive social approach, concluding that the zikir assembly phenomenon began to grow in the reform era around the 1990s. The zikir activities involve many people as Zikir Akbar, Zikir Nasional, Istighosah, Yasinan, Tahlilan, Mujahadahan. The motives for various activities include getting out of a crisis, calamities praying, treatment goals, facing a national exam, just routine activities, celebrations, salvation, thanksgiving or prayer for the soul, even as a mass rally to support specific candidates. The existence of the zikir assembly has many benefits, both from the spiritual aspect and the social aspect. Finally, it can be said that a zikir assembly is a place where the people need to grow and cultivate a sense of diversity.
Análise retórica do discurso de acusação no tribunal do júri na comarca do Recife e sua relação com as dificuldades para efetividade e violações aos direitos humanos
Authors: Lima Pedro Parini Marques de , Xavier Paolla Barbosa
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo é resultado de pesquisa científica realizada com o financiamento da Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco no período 2017/2018. Consistiu em pesquisa de campo realizada na 4ª Vara do Tribunal do Júri da Capital, acompanhando julgamentos a partir de participação enquanto membro do Júri Popular e realizando uma análise retórica sobre os discursos proferidos pelo Ministério Público de Pernambuco no plenário. Demonstrou-se a relevância do uso da retórica analítica como método para o estudo do direito, mais condizente com as particularidades da área. Com a análise foi possível fazer um comparativo entre a função institucional do órgão e os discursos realizados que vão de encontro ao que normativamente consiste no discurso jurídico sobre os direitos humanos. Demonstrou-se a importância da retórica no estudo do direito e o poder da linguagem para a efetividade dos direitos ditos garantidos a todos, mas relegados no âmbito da Justiça Criminal. Em outro sentido, verificou-se o descompasso entre concepção basilares pregadas pelos direitos humanos e os discursos proferidos por membros do Ministério Público, que possui a defesa dos direitos fundamentais como função institucional, identificando problemas que podem auxiliar no direcionamento para possibilidades de efetivação dos direitos humanos, principalmente na materialização de direitos e garantias básicas das pessoas que respondem a processos criminais.
Restricciones epistémicas en el derecho del trabajo: ensayo crítico
Authors: Lerussi Romina Carla
Published: June 2022

En el presente texto y en continuidad con reflexiones previas, ensayo las que entiendo como restricciones epistémicas en el derecho del trabajo (DT) en tanto que encuadres de conocimiento que producen desigualdad desde su prefiguración. En primer lugar, repongo un marco conceptual general situado en la clave de los feminismos disidentes destacando los aportes epistémicos medulares a la crítica jurídica. Luego, retomo estos asuntos para pensar el derecho del trabajo a partir del problema de las comprensiones restrictivas que organizo en cuatro encuadres. Uno de ellos conforma el apartado dedicado al trabajo que ensucia frente a la pregunta por cómo queremos trabajar, esto es, vivir también epistémicamente el trabajo.
Tendencias investigativas alrededor de la deserción estudiantil en contextos de educación superior: un análisis bibliométrico
Authors: Quiroz-Fabra Jefferson , Bran-Piedrahita Lemy , Valencia-Arias Alejandro
Published: June 2022

Las instituciones de educación superior buscan identificar estrategias que permitan una mayor retención y permanencia de sus estudiantes, para lo cual se indagan factores académicos, familiares, económicos y culturales; sin embargo, es necesario identificar qué países, autores y revistas concentran la mayor producción investigativa en este campo. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de esta investigación es examinar los indicadores de calidad en la producción investigativa alrededor de la deserción estudiantil, a partir de un análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones registradas en la base de datos Scopus. Entre los resultados se observa que las revistas con más citaciones en la temática son Research in Higher Education, Journal of Labor Economics y Journal of Counseling Psychology, todas orientadas a las variables y los fenómenos en el contexto de países desarrollados, por lo que es necesario realizar un mayor número de investigaciones en el contexto de los países en desarrollo.
Cultura tributaria en los comerciantes del mercado La Condamine de la ciudad de Riobamba (Ecuador)
Authors: Santillán Silva Myriam de los Ángeles
Published: June 2022

La cultura tributaria es un tema que preocupa a los economis­tas de los países latinoamericanos, especialmente en Ecuador, donde, como lo señala Díaz Navarro (2017), se refleja una baja recaudación de los impuestos del comercio informal. En ese sentido, el Centro Comercial La Condamine de la ciudad de Riobamba (Ecuador) fue el escenario escogido para realizar la presente investigación, para lo cual se aplicó una encuesta a los 385 comerciantes que conforman dicho mercado, la cual se validó mediante la técnica de Kuder Richardson fórmula 20 (KR-20), y se obtuvo un valor de 0.709 que sirvió como herramienta para alcanzar el objetivo de la investigación, que es demostrar la carencia de cultura tributaria en dichos comerciantes, puesto que 86,75 % de ellos desconoce sus obligaciones tributarias, 76,62 % sabe que debe facturar sus productos pero no cómo hacerlo, y 96 % está de acuerdo en conocer más sobre este tema.
Struktura wielkości prywatnych majątków ziemskich w powiecie sieradzkim przed I wojną światową
Authors: Klemantowicz Dariusz
Published: June 2022

Before the First World War, Sieradz District was a part of Kalisz Gubernya, and formed the western boundary of Łódź industrial region. Its peripheral location both within the gubernya and in relation to Łódź industrial region, as well as the fact that it was rather late in obtaining rail connections with other parts of the country, consolidated the agricultural character of this district. In 1911 there were 131 private landed estates above 50 ha each. Not all of them were fully owned by their landlords – many were encumbered by debts. According to rough estimates, the landlords formed a group constituting about 0.5% of the district’s population. The majority of the estates (55.7) were medium-sized, with areas between 101–500 ha; 24.4% of the estates were large, from 501 ha to 1000 ha, 13% were small estates up to 100 ha, and only 6.9% had areas between 1000 ha and 2000 ha.
Żółtlice, kolczurki, niecierpki i inne rośliny inwazyjne w Szadku
Authors: Woziwoda Beata , Suwara-Szmigielska Sylwia
Published: June 2022

Invasive alien plants are harmful non-native plant species whose introduction or spread threatens the environment, the economy, and society, including human health. They can be introduced from other continents or from one region of the same continent to another. The kenophytes are alien plants introduced to Europe after 1492. As much as 46 kenophytes have been recorded in Szadek (in years 2003-2009), what is almost 10% of the flora of the city (in total: 502 vascular plant species ). The most of "aliens" originate from the New World- from eastern and northern North America (22 species), and from northem South America and Central America (3). The species introduced from south-western, western or form central parts of Asia (19) and/or from southem, south-eastern or eastern Europe (18) are the next important group of alien plants. 27 species appear to have arrived in Europe and in Poland through intentional in­troductions (as ornamentals, melliferous plants, as agricultural crop etc.). The others (19 species), now recognized as weeds, have been introduced for research or as botanical curiosities (and escaped from botanical collections, gardens etc.) or they were uninten­tionally brought with other plant products, packing material or in ballast soil. About 70% of noted kenophytes are recognized as invasive in Poland. Some of them, e.g. “Impatiens parviflora” and “Galinsoga parviflora”, are already widespread in Szadek and poses threat native biodiversity. The others, e.g. “Echinocystis lobata” or “Reynoutriajaponica”, are rarely noted, but the growing awareness of the threats posed by these species as well as of pos­sible risk of their invasiveness, require monitoring of localities and active prevention of their further spread.
Instytucjonalne i pozainstytucjonalne wsparcie seniorów – na przykładzie województwa łódzkiego
Authors: Gutowska Anna
Published: June 2022

The article attempts to show selected possibilities of institutional and non-institutional care for the elderly – on the example of the Lodz Voivodeship. The article contains current demographical data and prognosis of population in the Lodz Voivodeship. The forms and source of the social care is also included. The second part of the paper presents selected aspects of institutional and non-institutional activity dedicated to elderly which take place in Lodz Voivodeship. The text can be a ground for the wider reflection about social care in late adulthood.
Wolontariat seniorów i dla seniorów
Authors: Górecki Mirosław
Published: June 2022

The article gives a definition of volunteering, volunteering seniors-highly valued social activity currently people of advanced age – and its specific features, themes for voluntary activities (remember that we usually deal with a multiplicity of overlapping motives, because the substrate motivational behaviors are polymorphic) and volunteering for seniors, and especially its most famous form, namely – hospice volunteering, supporting persons in terminal period of their cancer disease, where the largest group of people are old. Volunteering is a new term that was introduced to the Polish literature in the early 1990s, with the development of various non-governmental organizations, which play an increasingly important role in shaping the social life.
Dzieci i młodzież wobec ludzi starych i starości – perspektywa pedagogiczna
Authors: Rudnik Anna
Published: June 2022

The article concerns the children and adolescents perception of an old people and old age. This issue is a significant problem because analyzes and reports on the subject, emphasize that the least favorable attitudes towards the elderly manifests indicated young generation. Children and adolescents usually speak out not very friendly about old age and the old people and build their opinions on the basis of generally negative stereotype of old age and the old people in the society. Moreover, these false beliefs are revealed in the assessment of the quality of intergenerational relationships and undertaken frequency of intergenerational contacts. From the perspective of pedagogy and gerontology important is to be concerned with the perception of an old people and old age. The sense of life satisfaction and experience of old age are pivoted not only on individual factors related to the situation of the individual, but also the attitudes of other individuals, groups and communities to them. Thus, analysis and explorations of outlined issue are significant among different age groups, especially among children and adolescents. Such perspective also allows conceiving and leading educational activities that will prepare the young generation for cooperation with old people and help them to understand and recognize the needs and problems of old people.
Miejsce osób starszych w doświadczeniach biograficznych studentek i studentów – refleksje z badań
Authors: Sulik Monika
Published: June 2022

The author in his article emphasizes the unquestionable value and importance of intergenerational relationships. She analyzed the biographical projects (Biography maps of age) students to look at the experience of the younger generation biographical traces their relationships with people in the „autumn of life”. The main aim of this article is to show the biographical experience of students associated with the elderly. The author concludes that it is necessary to break commonly and common sense built the truth derogatory statements and the elderly, according to which they are a burden for society.
Subiektywny wymiar starości w świetle dzienników Haliny Semenowicz
Authors: Szwech Agata
Published: June 2022

The last phase of life which is the old age, it’s not a uniform experience. Each person has their own unique biography, which has a significant impact on the experience of old age. Showing the old man issues relates not only to describe the aging process, but also to determine the relationship with aging in the context of their own lives. It is difficult to deal with the aging process beyond a particular person, which applies to the process. This opportunity to create Halina Semenowicz’s diaries. The author of this text presents a subjective, individual retirement picture that emerges after analysis of calendars left by the originator of the Freinet ideas in Poland.
Starość czasem samorealizacji – subiektywne i obiektywne postrzeganie zjawiska
Authors: Konieczna-Woźniak Renata
Published: June 2022

This paper shows the old age, time and self-realization as three categories linked to one other; they are very important in social gerontology. These phenomena are both subjective and objective in nature. Although self-realization is combined with an individual, subjective way of achieving it, while supported in various ways, it gets a broader, more objectified meaning. The need for self-realization is the goal of human life. It is obtained by adults, often quite elderly, through various forms of self-activity and supporting programs on local and national level. These projects are important in an era of rapidly aging Polish population. The examples of specific actions taken by seniors prove that human development can occur throughout life and it concerns many of its areas.
Induction of Genetic Variability in Cowpea Variety Videza for Extra Earliness and High Seed Yield using Gamma Irradiation Mutagenesis
Authors: Dorvlo Innocent Kwaku , Acquah Stanley Akwesi , Armah Jonathan Okai , Kutufam Jacob Teye , Afutu Emmanuel , Darkwa Alfred Anthony , Amenorpe Godwin , Amoatey Harry Mensah , Amiteye Samuel
Published: June 2022

Background: Cowpea yields are very low in the West African region due to the prevalence of drought periods. This work, therefore, aimed at developing cowpea genotypes that combine early maturity with high seed yield, through gamma irradiation mutagenesis. Methods: A farmer preferred cowpea variety Videza was improved via gamma mutagenesis. A determined lethal dose 50% (LD50) of 240 Gy was used to irradiate 2000 seeds of Videza by applying a Cobalt 60 source. Selected M1 generation plants exhibiting early maturity and high seed yield were advanced to M2 and further to M3 using Videza as parental control. Result: Compared to the control Videza, the number of days to 90% maturity significantly decreased in putative mutants in the M2 (from 71 days in the control to between 50 and 66 days in mutants) and further decreased in the M3 where mutants matured 10-22 days earlier than the control. Significant increment in 100-seed weight per plant occurred in the M3 mutants. In the M3, 100-seed weight increased from 15.28 g in Videza to 21.71 g, the highest in mutants. Twelve putative mutants were identified that combine early maturity with higher seed yield than the control.
revisión descriptiva sobre programas de observación de la práctica educativa
Authors: Verástegui Martínez Macarena , Úbeda Gómez Jorge , Manso Ayuso Jesús
Published: June 2022

Este artículo presenta la revisión de 58 programas internacionales de observación de la práctica educativa con el propósito de obtener una panorámica internacional sobre la cuestión y comprender qué tipo de desarrollo profesional docente subyace en función del modelo de observación ejecutado: evaluativo, de desarrollo y colaborativo (Gosling, 2005). Específicamente, se persiguen tres objetivos: (1) describir los programas; (2) identificar si existe una tendencia internacional; (3) conocer el grado de impulso del modelo colaborativo. A partir del método análisis documental se han examinado las siguientes variables: (i) características generales; (ii) objetivo perseguido; (iii) métodos utilizados; (iv) papel de la observación. Los resultados muestran la tendencia en alza de programas que fomentan la observación colaborativa y la confrontación aún existente entre este modelo y el evaluativo. Las líneas de investigación futuras son diversas, entre las que destacan: (i) estudiar el impacto de estos programas en el desempeño docente y el aprendizaje del alumnado ya que la mayoría no recoge esta información y (ii) analizar con mayor profundidad los modelos de observación impulsados en cada programa. Para lograr ambas, es importante superar las limitaciones de esta investigación, ampliando el número de programas revisados y centrar el análisis en alguna área geográfica concreta o realizar un estudio comparado entre diversos países que permita comprender en profundidad la orientación de las políticas de desarrollo profesional docente a través de la observación de la práctica educativa.
Motivación hacia los videojuegos en línea y Calidad de Vida con Respecto a la Salud en adolescentes jugadores de Dota 2
Authors:   , Vargas Colqui Angela Luzmila , Villegas Arenas Daniel Antonio
Published: June 2022

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la relación la Motivación para jugar videojuegos online y la Calidad de Vida con Respecto a la Salud en adolescentes de 18 a 21 años residentes en Lima Metropolitana. La muestra estuvo conformada por 180 jugadores de Dota 2, seleccionados por conveniencia en cabinas de internet, eventos de videojuegos y en redes sociales. Se utilizó la Escala de Motivación hacia los videojuegos de multijugadores masivos (MMO-MS) y el cuestionario de CVRS en adolescentes (Kidscreen 27). La relación entre las dimensiones que componen cada una de las variables, fue analizada a través del test de Spearman. Se halló relaciones significativas positivas entre las dimensiones de Disociación con Autonomía económica y negativamente con las dimensiones Bienestar físico, Bienestar psicológico. Asimismo, las dimensiones Relación con los padres; Apoyo social y Entorno escolar; Socialización correlacionó positivamente con autonomía económica. También se encontró que la cantidad diaria de tiempo dedicado al juego y el bienestar psicológico se relacionan de manera negativa.
Libertados do pecado
Authors: Vera de Menezes Edcarlos
Published: June 2022

Uma das grandes contribuições da Epístola de Paulo aos Romanos é a luz que ela lança sobre o status e o modo de vida do cristão no novo ambiente salvífico provido pela graça de Deus em Cristo. Paulo discute essa questão nos capítulos 5-8 de sua epístola, onde formula e responde perguntas de grande relevância a respeito da justificação pela fé e da nova vida em Cristo. Nesse contexto aparece uma das declarações mais intrigantes da carta. O apóstolo afirma que o crente em Cristo já foi “libertado do pecado” (6:18, 22). Qual o sentido dessa declaração? O que significa estar livre do pecado no contexto dessa passagem? O presente estudo aborda essas questões da perspectiva do método close reading, a fim de elucidar o significado da expressão ἐλευθερωθέντες δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας e suas implicações para a vida prática do cristão. A análise do contexto literário, linguístico e sociocultural do texto, bem como dos temas e palavras nele presentes, aponta para a cruz de Cristo como o evento da libertação.
Auto(trans)formação permanente com professores e os temas catástrofes e interdisciplinaridade
Authors: Calderan Arlete Pierina
Published: June 2022

Objetiva-se aprofundar temas pertinentes à valorização de práxis educativas na auto(trans)formação permanente com professores, favorecendo seus protagonismos e a interdisciplinaridade. Apresenta-se uma atividade planejada por professores de educação básica para estabelecer a necessária relação dialógica com seus pares e estudantes, a partir do documentário “Arquitetura da Destruição” para explorar o tema catástrofes, e o contexto histórico-político-social que ocorre. Compreendendo-se que a escola é um ambiente de interação onde todos aprendem, justifica-se essa premissa em Freire, Henz e Imbernón, sob a perspectiva hermenêutica filosófica de Gadamer. Adorno e Trevisan sustentam os temas catástrofes/educação; e Fazenda, na interdisciplinaridade.
Mapeamento do método fenomenológico nas pesquisas em educação no Brasil
Authors: Belo Rafael , Mercado Luís Paulo Leopoldo
Published: June 2022

O presente estudo tem o objetivo de mapear dissertações e teses brasileiras na área da Educação que, no método de investigação, utilizaram-se da Fenomenologia como referência. O levantamento foi realizado no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Capes, encontrando-se 1.142 registros, dos quais 89 foram analisados, referentes aqueles orientados pelos pesquisadores com maior número de orientações nesta perspectiva. Constatou-se um aumento da presença da Fenomenologia nos estudos da área da Educação, além da grande diversidade de procedimentos adotados. Identificou-se, ainda, a presença marcante da Hermenêutica, em detrimento de pesquisas fundadas exclusivamente na Fenomenologia Estrutural.
Atravessando linhas
Authors: Bomfim Juliana Cristina
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a relação da diversidade epistemológica no campo das ciências humanas e seus pressupostos para a produção do discurso científico no campo da educação. A discussão é interpelada pela especificidade das ciências humanas em contraposição às ciências naturais, sobre realidade e sentimento de realidade. Reconhecer a existência de um pensamento abissal em educação é condição sine qua non para atravessar linhas e para pensar o impensado no ocidente moderno. É imperativo desenhar um caminho alternativo, de modo a desaprender, ignorar e esquecer alguns conhecimentos já “validados” para aprender outros que há muito tempo vêm sendo “esquecidos” e ignorados.
Muñoz y Shiota
Authors: Garcia-Jimenez Maria del Mar
Published: June 2022

Este artículo interroga la manera en que las instalaciones artísticas de Juan Muñoz y Chiharu Shiota utilizan la potencialidad de las narrativas cercanas y de las numerosas e influyentes metáforas espaciales para instaurar puntos de partida inductores de reflexiones sistemáticas y fructíferas. A raíz del texto Estética de la Instalación (2018) de Rebentisch, también se observa la eficacia de las imponentes y atrevidas puestas en escena de ambos autores como muestras de una expresión plástica que transgrede los límites de las categorías tradicionales y contemporáneas del arte.