bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependence of the Structural and Magnetic Properties on the Growth Sequence in Heterostructures Designed by YbFeO3 and BaFe12O19
Authors: Bauer Sondes , Nergis Berkin , Jin Xiaowei , Schneider Reinhard , Wang Di , Kübel Christian , Machovec Petr , Horak Lukas , Holy Vaclav , Seemann Klaus , Baumbach Tilo , Ulrich Sven
Published: April 2024

The structure and the chemical composition of individual layers as well as of interfaces belonging to the two heterostructures M1 (BaFe12O19/YbFeO3/YSZ) and M2 (YbFeO3/BaFe12O19/YSZ) grown by pulsed laser deposition on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates are deeply characterized by using a combination of methods such as high-resolution X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic-resolution scanning TEM with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The temperature-dependent magnetic properties demonstrate two distinct heterostructures with different coercivity, anisotropy fields, and first anisotropy constants, which are related to the defect concentrations within the individual layers and to the degree of intermixing at the interface. The heterostructure with the stacking order BaFe12O19/YbFeO3, i.e., M1, exhibits a distinctive interface without any chemical intermixture, while an Fe-rich crystalline phase is observed in M2 both in atomic-resolution EDX maps and in mass density profiles. Additionally, M1 shows high c-axis orientation, which induces a higher anisotropy constant K1 as well as a larger coercivity due to a high number of phase boundaries. Despite the existence of a canted antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic combination (T < 140 K), both heterostructures M1 and M2 do not reveal any detectable exchange bias at T = 50 K. Additionally, compressive residual strain on the BaM layer is found to be suppressing the ferromagnetism, thus reducing the Curie temperature (Tc) in the case of M1. These findings suggest that M1 (BaFe12O19/YbFeO3/YSZ) is suitable for magnetic storage applications.
Nitrogen Cycling in Widgeongrass and Eelgrass Beds in the Lower Chesapeake Bay
Authors: French Emily , Smyth Ashley R. , Reynolds Laura K. , Moore Kenneth A.
Published: April 2024

Eelgrass (Zostera marina) loss occurs worldwide due to increasing water temperatures and decreasing water quality. In the U.S., widgeongrass (Ruppia maritima), a more heat-tolerant seagrass species, is replacing eelgrass in certain areas. Seagrasses enhance sediment denitrification, which helps to mitigate excess nitrogen in coastal systems. Widgeongrass and eelgrass have different characteristics, which may affect sediment nitrogen cycling. We compared net N2 fluxes from vegetated areas (eelgrass and widgeongrass beds, using intact cores that included sediment and plants) and adjacent unvegetated areas from the York River, in the lower Chesapeake Bay during the spring and summer of one year. We found that seagrass biomass, sediment organic matter, and NH4+ fluxes were significantly higher in eelgrass beds than in widgeongrass beds. Eelgrass was also net denitrifying during both seasons, while widgeongrass was only net denitrifying in the summer. Despite differences in the spring, the seagrass beds had a similar rate of N2 production in the summer and both had higher denitrification rates than unvegetated sediments. Both species are important ecosystem components that can help to mitigate eutrophication in coastal areas. However, as the relative composition of these species continues to change, differences in sediment nitrogen cycling may affect regional denitrification capacity.
Optical Design of a Wavelength Selective Switch Utilizing a Waveguide Frontend with Beamsteering Capability
Authors: Patsamanis Georgios , Ketzaki Dimitra , Chatzitheocharis Dimitrios , Vyrsokinos Konstantinos
Published: April 2024

Wavelength selective switches (WSSs) are essential elements for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical networks, as they offer cost-effective, high port-count and flexible spectral channel switching. This work proposes a new hybrid WSS architecture that leverages the beam shaping and steering features of uniform silicon nitride-based end-fire optical phased arrays (OPAs). By introducing beamforming to a WSS system, the spectral channels on the liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) panel can be tailored and arranged properly, depending on the optical configuration, using the beam control capabilities of OPAs. Combining 3D-FDTD and ray tracing simulations, the study shows that, by reducing the input beam dimensions with proper sizing of the OPAs, the WSS design with a null-steering OPA layout and 4 × No switch size features increased spectral resolution. This extensive beamforming study on the steering-enabled layout reveals the acquirement of an even higher input channel number, matching the 8 × No WSS scheme, with flexible channel routing on the LCoS panel. Such implementation of beamsteerers can unlock an extra degree of freedom for the switching capabilities of hybrid WSS devices. The results show great promise for the introduction of OPAs in WSS systems and provide valuable insight for the design of future wireless communication links and WDM systems.
Flexible Modulation of Perfect Vortex Beams by Combining Coherent Beams
Authors: Shu Bowang , Zhang Yuqiu , Chang Hongxiang , Tang Shiqing , Leng Jinyong , Xu Jiangming , Zhou Pu
Published: April 2024

Perfect vortex beams (PVBs) possess the advantage of a stable light field distribution regardless of their topological charges, and thus they are extensively utilized in various applications, such as free-space optical communication, optical tweezers and laser processing. Herein, we report a new strategy to generate and modulate PVBs using coherent beam combining (CBC) technology. Both piston phase and tilting phase controlling methods have been successfully employed, and the corresponding properties of the generated PVBs have been fully investigated. Moreover, the number and position of the gaps in fractional perfect vortex beams (FPVBs) could be precisely controlled, and the relationships between these modulated parameters and the performance of FPVBs are uncovered. These simulation analysis results demonstrate the potential for flexible modulation of PVBs or FPVBs in the CBC system, indicating promising prospects for coherent beam arrays (CBAs) in laser beam shaping and achieving high-power structured light.
Comparative Bioactive Compounds and Mineral Properties of South African and Lesotho Artemisia afra (Jacq.) Genotypes
Authors: Rafiri Matumelo , Sedibe Moosa Mahmood , Dikane Goitsemang Mahlomola Hendry
Published: April 2024

Artemisia afra is a plant that grows in the northern, central, and coastal regions of South Africa, as well as in neighboring countries such as Eswatini and Lesotho. These phytochemicals can be used as active compounds in plant-based medicine. Therefore, it is important to determine how plant minerals and phytochemicals, particularly bioactive compounds, are affected by the geolocation in which they grow. This study aimed to evaluate the mineral and phytochemical properties of A. afra genotypes in the southern regions of Africa. Leaf samples of A. afra genotypes were collected from Lesotho, in Mohale’s Hoek and Roma. In South Africa, leaf samples were collected in Wepener and Hobhouse, and 80 plants were randomly selected for phytochemical and mineral analyses. This study reveals that phosphorus, calcium, potassium, iron, and zinc loaded positively to the first principal component, while copper loaded positively to the second principal component with variabilities of 29.95% and 21.12%, respectively. Furthermore, both the Mohale’s Hoek and Hobhouse genotypes exhibited relatively high levels of ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins. It is worth noting that genotypes from Roma and Wepener showed higher levels of foliar magnesium. Thus, the Mohale’s Hoek and Hobhouse genotypes could be recommended for their better phytochemical contents.
The Emerging Role of 2OGDs as Candidate Targets for Engineering Crops with Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance
Authors: Wang Han , Chen Qinghe , Feng Wanzhen
Published: April 2024

Plant diseases caused by pathogens result in a marked decrease in crop yield and quality annually, greatly threatening food production and security worldwide. The creation and cultivation of disease-resistant cultivars is one of the most effective strategies to control plant diseases. Broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) is highly preferred by breeders because it confers plant resistance to diverse pathogen species or to multiple races or strains of one species. Recently, accumulating evidence has revealed the roles of 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases (2OGDs) as essential regulators of plant disease resistance. Indeed, 2OGDs catalyze a large number of oxidative reactions, participating in the plant-specialized metabolism or biosynthesis of the major phytohormones and various secondary metabolites. Moreover, several 2OGD genes are characterized as negative regulators of plant defense responses, and the disruption of these genes via genome editing tools leads to enhanced BSR against pathogens in crops. Here, the recent advances in the isolation and identification of defense-related 2OGD genes in plants and their exploitation in crop improvement are comprehensively reviewed. Also, the strategies for the utilization of 2OGD genes as targets for engineering BSR crops are discussed.
Fine Mapping of qAL5.2 Controlling Anther Length in Oryza sativa
Authors: Liu Xinyong , Yu Zixuan , Tong Xiaohong , Chang Longxue , Huang Jie , Wang Yifeng , Ying Jiezheng , Li Xingwang , Ni Shen , Zhang Jian
Published: April 2024

Anther length is the critical floral trait determining hybrid rice seed production and is controlled by many quantitative trait loci (QTL). However, the cloning of genes specifically controlling anther size has yet to be reported. Here, we report the fine mapping of qAL5.2 for anther size using backcross inbred lines (BILs) in the genetic background of Oryza sativa indica Huazhan (HZ). Gene chip analysis on the BC4F2 and BC5F1 population identified effective loci on Chr1, Chr5, and Chr8 and two genomic regions on Chr5, named qAL5.1 and qAL5.2. qAL5.2 was identified in both populations with LOD values of 17.54 and 10.19, which explained 35.73% and 25.1% of the phenotypic variances, respectively. Ultimately qAL5.2 was localized to a 73 kb region between HK139 and HK140 on chromosome 5. And we constructed two near-isogenic lines (NILs) for RNA-seq analysis, named NIL-qAL5.2HZ and NIL-qAL5.2KLY, respectively. The result of the GO enrichment analysis revealed that differential genes were significantly enriched in the carbohydrate metabolic process, extracellular region, and nucleic acid binding transcription, and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that alpha-linolenic acid metabolism was significantly enriched. Meanwhile, candidate genes of qAL5.2 were analyzed in RNA-seq, and it was found that ORF8 is differentially expressed between NIL-qAL5.2HZ and NIL-qAL5.2KLY. The fine mapping of qAL5.2 conferring anther length will promote the breed improvement of the restorer line and understanding of the mechanisms driving crop mating patterns.
Iatrogenic Facial Nerve Palsy Following Dermatologic Cryotherapy: A Case Report and Prognostic Insights
Authors: Unterhofer Michael , Wenig Bernhard , Stoeger Peter , Moser Tobias
Published: April 2024

Facial nerve palsy is most commonly idiopathic, but it can also result from infections, inflammatory and cerebrovascular disorders, tumors, and trauma. We report the case of a 68-year-old patient who developed iatrogenic facial nerve palsy subsequent to dermatological cryosurgery on the right cheek. Remarkably, a full recovery occurred within 8 weeks. Drawing upon the promising outcome of this case and the existing literature on neuropathies linked with cold application in sports injuries, we propose neurapraxia as the probable pathomechanism underlying cryotherapy-induced nerve damage.
The Removal of Per- and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances from Water: A Review on Destructive and Non-Destructive Methods
Authors: Malouchi Natalia , Chatzimichailidou Stella , Tolkou Athanasia K. , Kyzas George Z. , Calgaro Loris , Marcomini Antonio , Katsoyiannis Ioannis A.
Published: April 2024

PFAS, or per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances, are a broad group of man-made organic compounds that are very persistent, mobile, and tend to bioaccumulate. Their removal from different environmental media is becoming increasingly important because they are associated with a multitude of (eco)toxicological effects on both humans and the environment. PFAS are detected in wastewater, groundwater, drinking water, and surface water, with the subcategories of PFOS and PFOA being the most detected. These organic compounds are divided into polymeric and non-polymeric groups. Non-polymeric PFAS are of great research interest due to their frequent detection in the environment. Numerous methods have been applied for the removal of PFAS and are divided into destructive and non-destructive (separation) techniques. Given the strength of the C–F bond, the destruction of PFAS is challenging, while for most of the separation techniques, the management of isolated PFAS requires further consideration. Most of the techniques have been applied to small-scale applications and show some limitations for larger applications, even though they are promising. Adsorption is an environmentally sustainable, economical, and high-performance technique that is applied to remove several classes of emerging pollutants from water. In this review, the use of various types of adsorbents for PFAS removal from water is reported, as well as the expected adsorption mechanisms. There are several technologies being considered and developed to manage PFAS; however, they are still in the experimental stage, with each showing its appeal for potential larger applications.
Extraction of Copper from Copper Concentrate by Indigenous Association of Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria
Authors: Vardanyan Arevik , Zhang Ruiyong , Khachatryan Anna , Melkonyan Zaruhi , Hovhannisyan Arshavir , Willscher Sabine , Kamradt Andreas , Jost Manuel , Zhang Yimeng , Wang Can , Vardanyan Narine
Published: April 2024

Bioleaching of Cu from the copper concentrate of Armanis gold-bearing polymetallic ore (Armenia) was investigated. The main objective was revealing high active bacteria and their association, as well as optimizing the bioleaching process with their application to ensure the most efficient recovery of copper from the tested concentrate. To obtain optimal bacterial associations, bottom-up and top-down approaches were used. Bioleaching of copper concentrate was carried out using pure cultures of iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and their mixed culture, as well as indigenous bacterial consortium. Comparative studies of copper bioleaching by mixed cultures of Acidithiobacillus caldus, Leptospirillum ferriphilum CC, Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans 6, and indigenous consortium Arm of iron-oxidizing bacteria were performed. At the beginning of bioleaching, the amounts of extracted copper by mixed culture and Arm consortium were equal; afterward, between 20–27 days, the Arm indigenous consortium showed significantly higher activity in terms of copper extraction. In parallel, mineralogical and liberation analyses of feed material and bioleaching residues were performed.
“Making Sure the Path Is Safe”: A Case Study of the Influence of Aboriginal Elders on Non-Aboriginal Organisational Leadership
Authors: Culbong Tiana , McNamara Uncle Albert , McNamara Aunty Irene , Wilkes Uncle Peter , Wilkes Aunty Sandra , Munro Adrian , Eades Anne-Marie , O’Connell Margaret , Fielder John , Wright Michael
Published: April 2024

The question of how Aboriginal Elders influence the leadership of non-Aboriginal led service organisations when working biddiya to biddiya (boss to boss) emerged while conducting a qualitative analysis as part of the evaluation of the Looking Forward Moving Forward project. This project brought together non-Aboriginal service leaders, Aboriginal Elders and Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal researchers to implement and evaluate a framework for engagement to promote organisational change and transform the way in which services respond to Aboriginal people in need of mental health and drug and alcohol support in Perth, Western Australia. This paper uses a case study to demonstrate how Elders on Nyoongar Country have influenced one non-Aboriginal service leader. At the heart of this case study is a close examination of a recorded, semi-structured, in-depth focus group exchange between a non-Aboriginal leader, Elders and co-researchers. This exchange foregrounds the Elders’ and co-researchers’ voices, capturing the dialogic nuances and interplay of the interaction to provide a more detailed picture of how building long-term relationships with Elders influences leaders. A key theme to emerge from the data was the developmental change in leadership approaches resulting from the biddiya to biddiya working relationship between Elders and this non-Aboriginal leader. The data show that, along with their deepening relationship, the leader demonstrated an openness and humility to be teachable. This leader demonstrated how he applied his new learning, integrating new ways of working into his leadership practice to change the way his organisation responded to Aboriginal people seeking support and to enhance the organisation’s cultural safety.
Characteristics and Reduction of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions during the Construction of Urban Parks in South Korea
Authors: Oh Changsong
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the carbon dioxide emissions produced by each type of landscape construction required for each urban park design theme in South Korea and mitigation measures. This study obtained data from four urban park construction projects in South Korea and calculated the amount of carbon dioxide generated during the construction phase using the Tier 2 method based on the amount of construction machinery used according to Korean construction standards. The results show that the three cases beginning after 2020 generated about 1.0 tCO2 of carbon dioxide per 100 m2. In each case, mechanized construction accounted for more than 60% of the total trees planted, and more than 50% of the carbon dioxide was generated in constructing forest-themed parks. Transplanting trees in their natural state emitted at least 2.5 times and up to 9.6 times more carbon dioxide than planting new trees. Pavement construction generated about 340 to 390 tCO2, and block pavement construction generated about 20 to 70 tCO2 per 100 m2 more than pavement constructed by the wet construction method. Based on these results, in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, the first step should be to reduce the planting and transplanting of large trees, as this involves a high workload in terms of construction machinery at the design stage, and in the long term, it will be necessary to lead the “landscape of time” through the growth of plant materials. Second, the workload of construction machinery should be improved to induce carbon dioxide reductions through the revision of the Standard Unit Productivity Data on Construction Projects, and it is necessary to refer to past standards. Third, it may be desirable to use wet pavement, but there is a need to improve the sectional detail of block pavement to reduce mechanized work.
Systems Thinking for Supply Chains: Identifying Bottlenecks Using Process Mapping of a Child Health Intervention in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
Authors: Karim Aliya , Burri Christian , Kila Jean Serge Ngaima , Bambwelo Nelson , Bakukulu Jean Tony , de Savigny Don
Published: April 2024

The quality of supply chains in public health interventions in low- and middle-income countries can determine how effectively a program is able to treat its intended population group and subsequently achieve its health targets. We aimed to disentangle where challenges exist hierarchically and administratively through the application of process mapping to the supply chain of an integrated community case management (iCCM) intervention in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). We conducted a document review, semi-structured key informant interviews, and focus group discussions with program agents involved in supply chain processes of the child health intervention. Enterprise architecture was used to map the intervention’s supply chain and its participatory actors, and detailed bottlenecks of the chain through the application of a health systems framework. The results of this study will be used to inform a system dynamics model of the supply chain of iCCM in DRC. The greatest bottlenecks leading to stockouts at the community level occurred upstream (from national to province and from zone to health facility). While the use of local procurement processes was partially attempted to strengthen systems, parallel supply chain activities compromised sustainable system integration and development. Initial delays in stock dispensation were due to international procurement at the supplier, inducing a trickle-down effect. Inadequate quantification of supply needs and subsequent insufficient product procuration were the single most important steps that led to stockouts. This study demonstrated that the community health supply chain would be most impacted by improvements made in processes at the highest administrative strata, while exposing its delicate dependence on activities at the lowest levels. Visibility of inventory at all levels and improved data quality and use through a transparent tracking system have the potential to significantly reduce stockouts. Future interventions should take care to not develop parallel processes or exclude local health system agents to avoid disruption and ensure sustainable health outcome gains. Causal loop studies and system dynamics can further identify the systems interactions and relationships and their underlying causal mechanisms in need of intervention.
Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Fishery Products Using GC–MS/MS in South Korea
Authors: Kim Myungheon , Cho Mihyun , Kim Seo-Hong , Lee Yoonmi , Jo Mi-Ra , Moon Yong-Sun , Im Moo-Hyeog
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the risk of pesticide contamination in aquaculture and its impact on fishery products. We conducted an assessment of 300 samples collected from nine regions in South Korea, including various types of seafood, such as freshwater fish, marine fish, crustaceans, and shellfish. Pesticide residues in seafood were analyzed using GC–MS/MS after sample preparation using a modified QuEChERS method, revealing the presence of eight pesticides (4,4′-DDE, 4,4′-DDT, boscalid, isoprothiolane, oxadiazon, pendimethalin, thifluzamide, and trifluralin) across seven fish species (carp, far eastern catfish, crucian carp, eel, Chinese muddy loach, mirror carp, and sea bass). Following the grouping of DDE with DDT, a risk assessment of fishery products was conducted. After the estimated daily intake (EDI) of fish was calculated and compared with the acceptable daily intake (ADI), the health risk index (HI, %ADI) of the detected pesticides was evaluated and found to be 1.07% or lower. The results suggest that the consumption of domestically farmed fish products in South Korea poses minimal health risks associated with pesticide residues.
Special Issue on Modified Gravity Approaches to the Tensions of ΛCDM: Goals and Highlights
Authors: Di Valentino Eleonora , Perivolaropoulos Leandros , Said Jackson Levi
Published: April 2024

The standard cosmological model, known as ΛCDM, has been remarkably successful in providing a coherent and predictive framework for understanding the Universe’s evolution, its large-scale structure, and cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation [...]
Hepatitis B Vaccine: Four Decades on
Authors: Mironova Maria , Ghany Marc G.
Published: April 2024

Hepatitis B virus is a substantial contributor to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) globally. Vaccination is the most effective method for prevention of hepatitis B and its associated morbidity and mortality, and the only method to prevent infection with hepatitis D virus. The hepatitis B vaccine has been used worldwide for more than four decades; it is available in a single- or triple-antigen form and in combination with vaccines against other infections. Introduction of the vaccine and administration at birth led to sustained decline in mother-to-child transmission, chronic hepatitis B, and HCC, however, global birth dose coverage remains suboptimal. In this review we will discuss different hepatitis B vaccine formulations and schedules, vaccination guidelines, durability of the response, and vaccine escape mutants, as well as the clinical and economic benefits of vaccination.
Feasibility of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in the Classification of Pig Lung Lesions
Authors: Varrà Maria Olga , Conter Mauro , Recchia Matteo , Alborali Giovanni Loris , Maisano Antonio Marco , Ghidini Sergio , Zanardi Emanuela
Published: April 2024

Respiratory diseases significantly affect intensive pig farming, causing production losses and increased antimicrobial use. Accurate classification of lung lesions is crucial for effective diagnostics and disease management. The integration of non-destructive and rapid techniques would be beneficial to enhance overall efficiency in addressing these challenges. This study investigates the potential of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in classifying pig lung tissues. The NIR spectra (908–1676 nm) of 101 lungs from weaned pigs were analyzed using a portable instrument and subjected to multivariate analysis. Two distinct discriminant models were developed to differentiate normal (N), congested (C), and pathological (P) lung tissues, as well as catarrhal bronchopneumonia (CBP), fibrinous pleuropneumonia (FPP), and interstitial pneumonia (IP) patterns. Overall, the model tailored for discriminating among pathological lesions demonstrated superior classification performances. Major challenges arose in categorizing C lungs, which exhibited a misclassification rate of 30% with N and P tissues, and FPP samples, with 30% incorrectly recognized as CBP samples. Conversely, IP and CBP lungs were all identified with accuracy, precision, and sensitivity higher than 90%. In conclusion, this study provides a promising proof of concept for using NIR spectroscopy to recognize and categorize pig lungs with different pathological lesions, offering prospects for efficient diagnostic strategies.
Features Associated with Visible Lamina Cribrosa Pores in Individuals of African Ancestry with Glaucoma: Primary Open-Angle African Ancestry Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) Study
Authors: Jordan Jalin A. , Daniel Ebenezer , Chen Yineng , Salowe Rebecca J. , Zhu Yan , Miller-Ellis Eydie , Addis Victoria , Sankar Prithvi S. , Zhu Di , Smith Eli J. , Lee Roy , Ying Gui-Shuang , O’Brien Joan M.
Published: April 2024

There are scarce data regarding the rate of the occurrence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and visible lamina cribrosa pores (LCPs) in the eyes of individuals with African ancestry; the potential impact of these features on disease burden remains unknown. We recruited subjects with POAG to the Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study. Through regression models, we evaluated the association between the presence of LCPs and various phenotypic features. In a multivariable analysis of 1187 glaucomatous eyes, LCPs were found to be more likely to be present in eyes with cup-to-disc ratios (CDR) of ≥0.9 (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 1.11, 95%CI: 1.04–1.19, p = 0.005), eyes with cylindrical-shaped (aRR 1.22, 95%CI: 1.11–1.33) and bean pot (aRR 1.24, 95%CI: 1.13–1.36) cups versus conical cups (p < 0.0001), moderate cup depth (aRR 1.24, 95%CI: 1.06–1.46) and deep cups (aRR 1.27, 95%CI: 1.07–1.50) compared to shallow cups (p = 0.01), and the nasalization of central retinal vessels (aRR 1.33, 95%CI: 1.23–1.44), p < 0.0001). Eyes with LCPs were more likely to have a higher degree of African ancestry (q0), determined by means of SNP analysis (aRR 0.96, 95%CI: 0.93–0.99, p = 0.005 for per 0.1 increase in q0). Our large cohort of POAG cases of people with African ancestry showed that LCPs may be an important risk factor in identifying severe disease, potentially warranting closer monitoring by physicians.
Yerel Folklor Dergiciliğinde Uzun Soluklu Bir Hamle: Harran Dergisi Üzerine Tematik Bir İnceleme
Authors: Kırmızı Ömer
Published: April 2024

Ülkemizde “folklor” teriminin bilimsel manada kullanımının üzerinden yüz yılı aşkın bir süre geçmiştir. Bu zaman zarfı içinde inişli çıkışlı bir ilgi seyrine mazhar olan bu disiplin Cumhuriyet’in kuruluş döneminde yönetim kadrosuna ideoloji, eğitim, kurumsallaşma vb. birçok alanda rehberlik etmiştir. Bu kapsamda Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında folklor araştırmalarının ilk adımı kabul edilen derleme faaliyetlerine çeşitli kuruluşlar aracılığıyla hız verildiği görülmüştür. Zaman zaman devlet katında destek gören bu faaliyetler yardımıyla Türk folkloru adına önemli bir derleme külliyatı oluştuğu söylenebilir. Şüphesiz bahsi geçen derleme faaliyetlerinin hem teşvik edicisi hem de derlemelerin yayımlandığı mecralar olarak mahallî dergiler bu döneme damgasını vurmuş, bir dönemin “yükünü” çektikten sonra tarihteki yerlerini almıştır. Bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan Harran dergisi nispeten daha yakın bir tarihte (1979-2002) toplamda 62 sayı yayımlanan mahallî dergilerden biridir. Mahallî bir dergi için uzun sayılabilecek bir yayın süresi geçiren Harran dergisi, uzun yıllar Şanlıurfa halk kültürüne dair derlemeler başta olmak üzere muhtelif yazıların yayımlandığı en önemli mecralardan olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Harran dergisinde çıkan yazılar tematik olarak sınıflandırılmış, derginin yayın politikası ve amacı bu yazılar üzerinden irdelenmiştir. Dergide birçok farklı konuda yazı çıkmasına rağmen derlemeler, biyografi ve tanıtım yazıları, araştırma-inceleme yazılarının önemli bir yekûn tuttuğu görülmüştür. Sonraki yıllarda şiirlerini kitaplaştıracak ve ülke sathında tanınacak birçok şairin ilk şiirleri de Harran dergisinde yayımlanmıştır. Ayrıca şehrin sorunlarına dair tespit, teklif ve öneriler içeren yazılar da Harran dergisinin sayılarında kendine yer bulmuştur. Dergi bu yönüyle bir taraftan yayıncılık faaliyetini sürdürürken diğer taraftan yerel yönetimler üzerinde yönlendirici bir odak hüviyetine sahip olmuştur. Harran dergisi 23 yıl boyunca amatör bir ruhla kıymetli bir birikim meydana getirmiş; şehrin edebiyat, kültür, sanat ve siyaset adamlarının daima etkisinde kaldıkları bir kültürel mahfil olma özelliğini sürdürmüştür. Bu itibarla Harran dergisi, Şanlıurfa halk kültürü ve folklor tarihimizin dergicilik safahatının yereldeki gelişim seyri üzerine çalışacak araştırmacılar için önemli bir kaynak olarak gösterilebilir.
Óleos essenciais e potencial antioxidante de Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown sob ação de reguladores vegetais
Authors: Pavanelli André Silveira , Povh Juliana Aparecida
Published: April 2024

Este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito de reguladores vegetais no rendimento de óleo essencial (OE) e atividade antioxidante de plantas de Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Para tanto, instalou-se experimento em casa de vegetação, do Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia do Cerrado, do Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Ituiutaba, MG. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com 5 tratamentos, contendo três repetições cada. As plantas foram tratadas com as seguintes substâncias: 1- ácido indolil butírico a mg L-1; 2- GA3 a 100 mg L-1; 3- cinetina a 100 mg L-1; 4- stimulate® a 1%.; e 5- controle (água). As mudas foram produzidas através de estacas e para isso foram utilizadas plantas matrizes, ocorrentes em fragmentos de Cerrado. Aos 30 dias após a produção dessas, foram realizadas três aplicações com os reguladores vegetais, via foliar, e intervalos de 10 dias cada. As plantas foram mantidas em casa de vegetação, sob temperatura de 25ºC e irrigação por aspersão até 60 dias após a última aplicação dos tratamentos. Para determinar rendimento do OE e análises fitoquímicas, as partes aéreas das plantas, nos diferentes tratamentos, foram coletadas, secas em estufa de circulação forçada de ar, à 35ºC, até obtenção de massa seca. O método utilizado para quantificar os óleos essenciais foi hidrodestilação, a atividade antioxidante foi avaliada através da captura do radical DPPH, os compostos fenólicos totais foram determinados pelo reagente de Folin-Ciocalteau e o teor de flavonoides quantificado por método colorimétrico. Frente aos resultados deste estudo, os reguladores vegetais influenciaram notoriamente no rendimento do óleo essencial em plantas de Lippia alba, com destaque para os maiores teores observados em plantas tratadas com citocinina, auxina e StimulateÒ. Em relação as análises fitoquímicas, plantas tratadas com cinetina, seguidas das com GA3, apresentaram maiores quantidades de fenólicos totais, flavonoides e atividade antioxidante.
PRINCIPLES OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN CREATING CLOSED CYCLES FOR PROCESSING SEWAGE SLUDGE INTO ORGANIC FERTILIZER
Authors: Momot R. , Nebesnaya A.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the prospects for implementing the principles of a circular economy in the oil and gas sector. The purpose of this study is to consider the possibility of creating closed cycles for processing sewage sludge into organic fertilizer. In view of the fact that the resulting wastewater sludge at an oil and gas enterprise can be processed into an effective organic fertilizer, we decided to calculate the effectiveness of this process and identify its feasibility. The methodological justification is built through the use of comparative and calculation-analytical analysis methods, which include the collection and analysis of the main indicators of the development of the organic fertilizer market in the region. The article analyzes literary sources on research issues in recent years. A SWOT analysis of the factors influencing the creation of closed cycles for processing sewage sludge into organic fertilizer was carried out. As a result of the analysis, potential opportunities and threats for the development of a circular economy were identified. Strengths and opportunities were found to outweigh weaknesses and threats. Among the strengths and opportunities, the following prevail: the possibility of recycling sewage sludge, reducing environmental pollution, reducing the carbon tax at enterprises in the oil and gas sector, building a circular economy at the enterprise. The efficiency of processing sewage sludge into organic fertilizer was calculated, which corresponds to the principles of a circular economy. The calculation showed the feasibility of using a circular economy in the oil and gas sector.
Guidance and Counselling in Inclusive Education: Fostering Inclusivity and Empowering Diverse Learners
Authors: Augustin Jebakumar J.T. , Subramanian P.
Published: April 2024

Inclusive education stands as a cornerstone of contemporary educational systems, aiming to provide equal opportunities for learners of all abilities and backgrounds. This research delves into the pivotal role that guidance and counselling play within the framework of inclusive education. By examining the multifaceted aspects of their involvement, this study seeks to elucidate the impact of guidance and counselling on the academic, social, and emotional development of diverse learners.
Environment Modifying in Inclusive Education
Authors: Cathrine Asha S. , Blessing Mary A.
Published: April 2024

The goal of inclusive education is to give all students equal opportunities to learn, without regard to their abilities, backgrounds, or needs. To achieve this, it is essential to alter the educational environment to meet the distinct requirements of each learner. Visual schedules, tactile materials, and auditory aids are some of the sensory resources available in inclusive classrooms to cater to different sensory preferences. To promote focus and comfort, learners can opt for adaptable seating and quiet spaces. An environment that fosters inclusivity is as much about culture as physical elements. It is critical to cultivate an atmosphere of empathy, understanding, and respect. Among all students, a sense of belonging, peer support, and open dialogue can be encouraged by recognising and commending their differences and unique qualities. Environment modification in inclusive education, improved by changing surroundings, is a key method for giving excellent education that appreciates students’ diversity. By making these changes, schools and teachers can aid in making surethat every student has an equalchance to learn, join in, and do well in school.
Fostering Support and Empowering Learners in Inclusive Education
Authors: Rubina J.
Published: April 2024

The crucial component of guidance and counselling in the framework of inclusive education, placing a strong emphasis on nurturing support and empowerment for learners. The primary goal of inclusive education is to accommodate the diverse needs of all students, irrespective of their varying abilities and backgrounds. Guidance and counseling assume a pivotal role in establishing an inclusive environment through the provision of tailored support, addressing individual challenges, and cultivating a sense of empowerment among learners. The various strategies and practices employed in guidance and counseling to ensure inclusivity, with a dedicated focus on fostering the holistic development of students. A system of education that is inclusive must prioritise participation and guidance. Effective implementation of inclusive education, ensuring fair access, participation, and success for all learners, involves offering advice and assistance to teachers, individualised student support, encouraging community and family involvement, and promoting inclusive policies
Professional Development for Student Teachers Focusing on Inclusive Education and Fostering Self-Determination
Authors: Maragatha Valli C. , Sheeba K.A.
Published: April 2024

Inclusive education is a pedagogical philosophy that emphasizes embracing and accommodating the diversity of learners within a single educational environment. It is about creating an atmosphere of acceptance, where every student feels valued and has access to the same educational opportunities. Professional development for student teachers, particularly in the realm of inclusive education, plays a pivotal role in shaping their ability to create inclusive and empowering learning environments. The concept of self-determination, which involves fostering Self-regulation, Self-realization, Autonomy and Psychological empowerment in students, is crucial in the context of inclusive education. The depth of understanding and application of self-determination skills may vary between student teachers with bachelors’ and masters’ degrees. In the study, the researchers utilized a simple random sampling technique. This method is considered unbiased and ensures that the selected sample is representative of the entire population. The researchers specifically examined the self-determination of student teacher in relation to their highest qualification. This means they wanted to understand how self-determination varied among student teacher based on whether they held a bachelors’ degree or masters’ degree. The findings of the study revealed that student teacher with a bachelor’s degree demonstrated higher levels of self-determination compared to those with other qualifications. This suggests that there may be a correlation between the level of education and the degree of self-determination among student teacher. The study emphasized the importance of investigating the impact of professional development on self-determination, especially at different education levels. This exploration is crucial for understanding how teacher training programs can be improved to enhance the quality of inclusive education practices in schools. The study highlighted the potential impact of professional development on self-determination, indicating that higher education levels, such as obtaining a bachelor’s degree, might contribute to increased levels of self-determination among student teacher.
Need for Inclusive Education in India
Authors: Quazi Humera
Published: April 2024

Inclusive education in India is a progressive approach that aims to provide equal opportunities for education to all children, regardless of their abilities or disabilities. This inclusive model strives to create an inclusive society where all individuals can actively participate, contribute, and achieve their fullest potential. By emphasizing the integration of students with different learning needs into mainstream classrooms, inclusive education fosters an environment that promotes diversity, respect, and empathy. However, implementing inclusive education in India comes with its own set of challenges, such as the need for adequate infrastructure, trained teachers, and sensitization of society. Despite these obstacles, inclusive education is a crucial step towards ensuring a more equitable and inclusive future for all children in India.
Upholding Right to Education: Placing Quality Education in a Right Manner with NGOs Initiatives
Authors: Ninawe Arundhati
Published: April 2024

The fundamental right to education is enshrined in Article 21-A of the Indian Constitution. NEP 2020, emphasizes inclusive education in various ways, aiming to provide equal learning opportunities for all students, regardless of their abilities or disabilities, within mainstream educational settings and society at large. Early identification is a proactive approach crucial for ensuring that students with diverse needs receive the necessary support for their academic and personal growth. The present research paper delves into the Practical Approach that requires NGOs to support financially and academically for the Zilla Parishad Schools, Maharashtra through needs-based Projects. The present research paper is structured as follows: IntroductionResearch MethodologyConcept of identification and intervention in NEP 2020Role of NGOs in identification and interventionInclusive Practices expected for ZP Project by NGOsStrategic Part of the Model School Project Benchmark Set Evidence of Success Measurement for the Model School ProjectMajor Challenges, Suggestions Conclusion
Challenges and Prospects of Inclusive Learning Education
Authors: Harankumar K. , Irudhaya Mary M.
Published: April 2024

Enhancing the educational system’s ability to reach every student is the goal of inclusive education. This entails changing the school’s culture, rules, and procedures to better accommodate the diverse student body in the area. It is among the best strategies for fostering a welcoming and tolerant community. The goal of inclusive education is to level the playing field for all students, regardless of their disabilities, and to create equality in society. It highlights that there is no need for division when it comes to including kids with special needs in a holistic environment. According to inclusive education experts, rather than isolating and confining students with special needs in special schools, normal schools should integrate them. Subsequently and only then can we demand educational equality. However, to succeed in inclusive education in India, we must overcome numerous barriers and difficulties. Therefore, inclusive education is a strategy that guarantees every student’s attendance, involvement, and academic success. An attempt has been made to address the problems and opportunities associated with inclusive education in this study.
Innovative Practices and Strategies in Inclusive Education
Authors: Mummurthi K.
Published: April 2024

Teaching and learning processes undergo continuous evolution and enhancement over time. The appearance of classrooms and lecture theatres has undergone significant changes in the past decade or more. Similarly, they provide a distinctly contrasting experience for the participating kids. Now, let us analyze the increasing popularity of inclusive teaching and explore some of the most effective methods for fostering a more inclusive learning environment. This article examines new practices and methods in inclusive education.
Supporting Inclusive Classroom: Unveiling the Social Commitment of Teachers in Inclusive Education
Authors: Mohanapriya S.
Published: April 2024

The essential function of teachers in promoting inclusive education, as well as the profound social commitment required for its successful implementation, Inclusive education entails creating an environment in which every learner, regardless of abilities, feels valued and supported. This paper explores the multifaceted aspects of a teacher’s social commitment in the context of inclusive education, addressing challenges, highlighting idealpractices, and highlighting the transformative potential of socially committed educators.
L’ELISIR D’AMORE BY GAETANO DONIZETTI. MUSICAL AND DRAMATURGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Romanian National Opera, Iași, “George Enescu” National University of Arts, Iaşi, România, Marcovici Cosmin Grigore , Simionescu Fântână Cristina ,   Romanian National Opera, Iași,, “George Enescu” National University of Arts, Iaşi, România
Published: April 2024

Through this study we aim to analyze the musical and dramaturgical aspects of Gaetano Donizetti's creation. Through this lyric work, representative of the romantic creation of Italian opera in the 19th century, we have a reference representation from a musicological perspective.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF MELODIC INTONATION WITHIN THE TRAINING OF PIANIST STUDENTS IN THE MUSIC SCHOOL
Authors:   Music School, Fălești, Republic of  Moldavia, Matcovschi Nelea
Published: April 2024

This article elucidates the principles and methods of developing melodic intonation for teaching piano students in the music school setting. The training of the student-pianist in the music school will be focused not only on the formation and development of technical musical-interpretive skills, but also on the perception and penetration of the intonation and semantic content of the performed music.
COMPOSER AND PERFORMER: RATIONALE, AIM, ACHIEVEMENT OF A COLLABORATIVE PATH IN THE MUSICAL ARENA OF THE POST-WW2 AVANT-GARDE
Authors:   Shrewsbury School, Shrewsbury, United Kingdom, Bradley-Fulgoni Peter
Published: April 2024

Part of the academic and musical world still blames the peripheral sociological role of “contemporary music” on the laziness of the audience. Yet, there is evidence to realise that the audience is not precisely the only entity to refer to in order to have an exhaustive view-point on the role of post-WW2 avant-garde on our musical horizon. In fact, what, in the last 60 years, most performers of the highest level have shown through their approach -or lack thereof- to new music, clearly reminds us of the necessity to scrutinise the reason of this stalemate from the joint perspective of two different and equally competent musical figures: performer and composer.
RELATION BETWEEN ART, DESIGN AND CRAFT: THE IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING ARTISTIC TECHNIQUES TEXTILE IN THE FORMATION OF FUTURE FASHION DESIGNERS
Authors:   “George Enescu” National University of Arts, Iaşi, România, Brustureanu Cornelia
Published: April 2024

This study started from the idea that knowledge of visual elements and aesthetics of textile arts, understanding contemporary textile techniques, is a form of reflective learning in which the practice (for example: physical actions in the fabric of the technique, touching and feeling the materials) can lead to the deepening of the creative process, contributing to the creation of an aesthetic that is not only visual, but also deeply material and even technical. This way of integrating the knowledge and values of art into fashion design in an experimental and reflexive manner can be a creative factor, therefore the analysis focused both on the idea of how fashion can be transformed through different ways of making textiles and on understanding the importance of knowing them.