bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Could L1 intonation patterns be applied in teaching Mandarin tones to atonal learners of Chinese? – An acoustic phonetic study
Authors: Juhász Kornélia , Bartos Huba
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on the acoustic comparison of Mandarin Chinese lexical tones and Hungarian monosyllabic intonation patterns. The aim of this experiment was to explore whether atonal L1 intonation patterns are applicable in teaching tones in L2 Mandarin Chinese, and also to investigate to what extent atonal and tonal monosyllabic contours differ. Mandarin Chinese rising Tone 2 is compared to two corresponding Hungarian rising contours: i) monosyllabic interrogative contour and ii) the rising phase of the f
0 pattern in alternative questions. Mandarin Chinese falling Tone 4 is likewise compared to Hungarian i) declarative and ii) imperative f
0 curves. We compared Mandarin Chinese and Hungarian native speakers’ production regarding five acoustic features. Results show that Mandarin Chinese Tone 2 is articulated with longer duration, and a more concave f
0 curve compared to Hungarian rising intonation patterns. Mandarin Chinese Tone 4, on the other hand, was found to differ from the Hungarian imperative contour only in terms of the f
0 curve shape, since Tone 4 featured a more domed curve. Hungarian declaratives are characterized by a more concave f
0 pattern, realized in a lower f
0 range compared to Tone 4. The results of this study may contribute to the proper application of atonal intonation patterns in L2 teaching of Mandarin Chinese through the differences and similarities between atonal and tonal monosyllabic f
0 patterns.
从语言交际性原则到语言交通性原则——关于国际中文教育总体性原则的哲学思考
Authors: 徐为民  , 吴剑  , 刘俊言
Published: September 2024

提要

语言交际性原则被看作是对外汉语教学的总体性原则，它对对外汉语教学的发展具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。然而，这一原则也存在着特定的局限性，并由此造成了不少问题，主要表现为：把语言的作用仅限于人与人之间的接触往来而忽视了人与人之间的内在沟通;把语言看作是一种交际工具致使对外汉语教学成为一种纯粹的工具性教学，从而造成了“汉字难”等一系列教学怪论;把交际作为语言教学的中心内容造成了文化知识边缘化和碎片化。这些局限性和问题在一定程度上造成了对外汉语教学学科理论性的弱化以及学术地位的边缘化。在当前对外汉语教学向国际中文教育转向的背景下，语言交际性原则的这些局限性及问题不仅没有得到很好地关注与解决，反而日益凸显。因此，为更好地适应从“语”到“文”的这种转变，应该以金岳霖等倡导的语言“交通性”来替代或包容“交际性”，确立起语言交通性原则。基于语言交通性原则的国际中文教育应该具有更加宽广的包括人和世界交通在内的语言观，以语言的中介性替代语言的工具性，以大文化视域来替代单纯的语言视域，以口语书面语并重的教学理念替代单纯重口语的教学理念，以双向度的跨界教育理论来替代单向度的语言文化传播理论，以实现国际文化交流和世界文明互鉴。
Analyzing the Impact of Informal Labor Sector Regulation in the Context of International Trade: A Theoretical Approach
Authors: Hernández-Luna Yezid
Published: September 2024

I analyze the relationship between international trade and welfare using a theoretical model of heterogeneous firms with a labor market segregated between informal and formal firms. The segregation in this case is a result of the introduction in the market of a regulatory threshold, according to which firms having less than a certain quantity of workers are defined as informal, otherwise they are formal and should pay additional fixed and marginal labor costs. This threshold creates a situation where it is endogenously more profitable for the most productive informal firms to scale back production to avoid formal labor costs. The numerical solution of the model shows that, after trade openness, a share of the most productive informal firms become less productive informal, and that the less productive formal firms become most productive informal. The welfare in the economy decreases because of the shrinking of firms, the higher prices, and the reduction of available varieties. Likewise, the comparative static exercise yields evidence that a decrease in the regulatory threshold forces informal firms to become formal; therefore, under full employment conditions, such a policy increases all average wages and raises welfare.
Traditional landscape painting and art image restoration methods based on structural information guidance
Authors: Yao Zhimin
Published: September 2024

In the field of traditional landscape painting and art image restoration, traditional restoration methods have gradually revealed limitations with the development of society and technological progress. In order to enhance the restoration effects of Chinese landscape paintings, an innovative image restoration algorithm is designed in this research, combining edge restoration with generative adversarial networks (GANs). Simultaneously, a novel image restoration model with embedded multi-scale attention dilated convolution is proposed to enhance the modeling capability for details and textures in landscape paintings. To better preserve the structural features of artistic images, a structural information-guided art image restoration model is introduced. The introduction of adversarial networks into the repair model can improve the repair effect. The art image repair model adds a multi-scale attention mechanism to handle more complex works of art. The research results show that the image detection model improves by 0.20, 0.07, and 0.06 in the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient, and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), respectively, compared to other models. The proposed method outperforms mean filtering, wavelet denoising, and median filtering algorithms by 6.3, 9.1, and 15.8 dB in PSNR and by 0.06, 0.12, and 0.11 in structural similarity index. In the image restoration task, the structural similarity and information entropy indicators of the research model increase by approximately 9.3 and 3%, respectively. The image restoration method proposed in this study is beneficial for preserving and restoring precious cultural heritage, especially traditional Chinese landscape paintings, providing new technological means for cultural relic restoration.
Further results on enumeration of perfect matchings of Cartesian product graphs
Authors: Wu Tingzeng , Zeng Xiaolin
Published: September 2024

Counting perfect matchings is an interesting and challenging combinatorial task. It has important applications in statistical physics and chemistry. As the general problem is #P-complete, it is usually tackled by randomized heuristics and approximation schemes. Let

G

G

and

H

H

be two graphs. Denote by

G
×
H

G\times H

the Cartesian product of graphs

G

G

and

H

H

. The number of perfect matchings of some types of Cartesian product

G
×
H

G\times H

is investigated by the Pfaffian method, where

G

≅

P

2

G\cong {P}_{2}

,

P

3

{P}_{3}

,

P

4

{P}_{4}

or

C

4

{C}_{4}

, and

H

≅

T

H\cong T

or

H

H

is a non-bipartite graph with a unique cycle. In this article, we construct a Pfaffian orientation of the graph

G
×

P

2

G\times {P}_{2}

, where

G

G

is a non-bipartite graph with

k

k

odd cycles. We obtain the counting formula on the number of perfect matchings of

G
×

P

2

G\times {P}_{2}

.
State Violence, Divine Abuse
Authors: Lloyd Vincent
Published: September 2024

It is tempting to attribute state violence to the imposition of a normative order, and it is tempting to construct an opposition between sanctifying that order and messianic interruptions of that order. This framework supposes that God, and the surrounding language of the sacred, follows the logic of rule, imposing a set of expectations on what is to be done enforced by threat of punishment. But what if we centre the story of Job in our account of the divine and with it an image of God as abuser rather than ruler, that is, God as only imposing the phantom of norms, norms that shift or evaporate as soon as they are imposed, never fulfilling a promise of reward or threat of punishment as expected? I explore this possibility through brief encounters with two texts on the racial violence of the state, one by Aimé Césaire and the other by the contemporary Black American writer Kiese Laymon.
Want to Build a Death Camp? Call in the Lawyers: Obtaining Legal Title to the Land for the Killing Camp at Auschwitz
Authors: Grantham Bill
Published: September 2024

The massive expansion of the Auschwitz extermination camp in 1943 involved a panoply of German lawyers and public officials, who laboured diligently at the legal clearance of title to lands belonging to multiple Polish owners so that the German Reich would have complete, legal, and unchallengeable ownership of the death camp site. These bureaucratic actions in pursuit of unspeakable ends, presented here in a historical-political inquiry, reveal fundamental – and much contested – issues of justice and legality, law versus non-law.
“She Would Get all of Them. Every Last One”: Carrie and the Jouissance of Revenge
Authors: MacNeil William P.
Published: September 2024

Is there more powerful revenge narrative in contemporary popular culture than that of all-time über-nerd, Carrie White? For Carrie is a figure of abjection nonpareil, one who is, routinely, subjected to ongoing and intensifying humiliations. Given this treatment, it should come as no surprise when, finally, the tormented Carrie turns the tables, quite spectacularly, on her tormenters – and everyone else who gets in her way. A catastrophic state of affairs that Carrie so clearly ‘enjoys’, embodying what might be called revenge’s jouissance. Utilising a perspective that is broadly psychoanalytic, this article will take up Carrie’s jouissance of revenge, situating it in terms of three registers: phallic jouissance, juris-jouissance and feminine jouissance. All, with this end in sight: nothing less than the re-inscription of feminist connection and, with it, the possibility of forgiveness – instantiated in Carrie as victimised outlier and victimising jouisseuse – at the very centre of the Law’s psychic subjectivity and social bond.
A numerical analysis of the rotational flow of a hybrid nanofluid past a unidirectional extending surface with velocity and thermal slip conditions
Authors: Aldhafeeri Anwar Ali , Yasmin Humaira
Published: September 2024

This work inspects 3D magnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanofluid flow on a permeable elongating surface. The emphasis of this paper is on the study of hybrid nanofluid flow within a rotating frame, taking into account the simultaneous impact of both thermal and velocity slip boundary conditions. The chosen base fluid is water, and the hybrid nanofluid comprises two nanoparticles

Cu

\text{Cu}

and

Al

2

O

3

{\text{Al}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{3}

. The effect of the magnetic and porosity parameters is taken into account in the momentum equation. The thermal radiation, Joule heating, and heat source are considered in the energy equation. Using a similarity system, we transform the PDEs of the proposed model into ODEs, which are then solved numerically by the bvp4c technique. The magnetic field shows a dual nature on primary and secondary velocities. Enrich magnetic field decreases the primary velocity and enhances the secondary velocity. The rotation parameter has an inverse relation with both velocities. The temperature profile amplified with the escalation in heat source, magnetic field, rotation factor, and Eckert numbers. The skin friction is boosted with magnetic parameters while the Nusselt number drops.
Is serum hornerin a potential biomarker in fibromyalgia? A pilot study
Authors: Seyithanoğlu Muhammed , Koca Tuba Tülay , Dağlı Hasan , Ertürk Zeynel
Published: September 2024

Objectives

The study aims to investigate the relationship between serum hornerin levels and disease severity and pain scores and to evaluate hornerin’s potential as a biomarker and its role in understanding the etiopathogenesis of fibromyalgia (FM).

Methods

The study included 36 female patients diagnosed with FM and 36 healthy female volunteers, matched for age and body mass index (BMI). Disease functional status and pain intensity in FM were assessed using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS), respectively. Serum hornerin levels were measured using a commercial ELISA kit.

Results

The mean age and BMI were 47.08 ± 9.76 and 27.17 ± 4.19 in the patient group and 43.61 ± 12.40 and 25.43 ± 5.25 in the control group. Serum hornerin levels averaged 2.64 ± 0.50 ng/mL in the patient group and 2.33 ± 0.49 ng/mL in the control group, showing significantly higher levels in the FM group (p=0.009). The median VAS score for FM patients was 8.0 (6.25–10) cm, and the mean FIQ score was 61.64 ± 15.09. The cutoff value for hornerin was determined to be 2.44 ng/mL (with 63.9 % sensitivity and 61.1 % specificity). A positive correlation was found between serum hornerin levels and BMI values.

Conclusions

Elevated hornerin levels were observed in FM cases. Hornerin has the potential to be explored as a biomarker for diagnosing FM.
The Surprising Resilience of the Russian War Economy
Authors: Libman Alexander
Published: September 2024

The war in Ukraine was expected to result in severe consequences for the Russian economy, with international sanctions reversing three decades of integration into the global economy. Yet Russian economic performance has confounded those expectations and fueled the war effort, even as the formidable Russian military initially faltered. Russia’s market core has provided flexibility, while trade with China and the Global South has replaced closed Western channels. But shifting much of the country’s productive capacity into the military sector may prove unsustainable.
Ghosts of Urban Past, Present, and Future in Ulaanbaatar
Authors: Sorace Christian
Published: September 2024

Ger districts, informal neighborhoods where residents live in traditional yurts, continue to house much of the Mongolian capital’s population. Government redevelopment plans, in an echo of socialist-era urbanization, call for moving inhabitants to new apartment buildings. The ger districts are often blamed for causing air pollution, poverty, and crime. But many residents are skeptical of the “apartmentalization” scheme and prefer to stay in the ger districts, even though they must provide for their own basic needs, like heat and water, since the state has not provided the necessary infrastructure.
Culture, Imperialism, and the Other Russias
Authors: Platt Kevin M. F.
Published: September 2024

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has prompted calls for canceling Russian cultural figures, both contemporary and historical, who are denounced as mouthpieces of imperialist aggression. Even if justified in some cases, such sweeping condemnations overlook diverse Russian voices and identities.
Pentraxin-3: Possibilities and perspectives for using the biomarker in patients with previous COVID-19
Authors: Kanaeva Tatyana V. , Karoli Nina A.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to determine the potential prognostic value of serum biomarkers in relation to the development of adverse cardiovascular events in patients who have undergone COVID-19. Material and methods. The prospective study involved 114 patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19. In addition to standard examinations, blood samples were taken from patients on the day of hospitalization to determine the level of serum cardiovascular biomarkers, including pentaxin-3 (РТХЗ). The patients were monitored for 366 [365; 380] days after discharge from the COVID hospital with registration of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) developed in patients. Results. During follow-up, MACE was noted in 19 patients (16.7%), including 2 deaths (1.8%) from cardiovascular causes. The incidence of MACE was higher in patients with higher concentrations of РТХЗ (odds ratio — OR 1.28, 95% confidence interval — Cl 1.13-1.45; p<0,001), interleukin 6 (OR 1.01, 95% Cl 1.0-1.02; p=0.048), D-dimer (OR 2.05, 95% Cl 1.16-3.6; p=0.019), lactate dehydrogenase (OR 1.08, 95% Cl 1.03-1.13; p<0.001), creatine phosphokinase-MB (OR 1.19, 95% Cl 1.02-1.39; p=0.001). The concentration of PTX3>3.1 ng/ml predicted the development of MACE with a sensitivity of 94.0% and a specificity of 82.1% (AUC 0.885; p<0.001). Conclusion. Serum biomarkers, in particular РТХЗ, may be used to predict the development of MACE in the long-term follow-up of patients who have undergone COVID-19.
sST2 and morphofunctional parameters of the left ventricle in patients with ischemic heart disease with chronic heart failure and previous COVID-19
Authors: Fateev Sergey S. , Ryzhkov Ivan M. , Fedulov Vladimir K. , Kovalenko Elena V. , Markova Ludmila I. , Belaya Olga L.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to assess the concentration of the sST2 biomarker and its relationship with the morphological and functional parameters of the LV myocardium in patients with coronary artery disease and chronic heart failure (CHF) l-lll functional class (FC), who had and did not have COVID-19. Material and methods. We examined 100 patients (66 males), median (Me) age 65 [63; 67] years, with stable coronary artery disease with CHF l-lll FC (New York Heart Association), divided into 2 groups depending on the COVID-19. Along with the conventional clinical examination, the concentration of serum sST2 was determined by enzyme immunoassay Results. It was found that in patients who underwent COVID-19 (group 1), the sST2 level was 38.4 [35.5; 44.8] ng/ml, in the comparison group (group 2) — 29.63 [27.9; 32.7] ng/ml (p<0.001). In group 1, the final diastolic volume and the final systolic volume of LV significantly exceeded those in group 2 (p=0.004 and p=0.02) and amounted to 118.2 [107.5; 166.5] and 44.1 [35.0; 58.1] ml, respectively, for the 1st and 107.5 [92.4; 129.5] and 37.9 [29.5; 47.4] ml for the 2nd group. The number of patients with grade 2 diastolic dysfunction (DD) in group 1 (18-33.9%) significantly exceeded that in the comparison group (7-14.9%). Changes in global longitudinal deformation of LV in COVID-19 group (-15.6 [-20.8; -13.8]%) were more pronounced than in the comparison group (-19.9 [-21.5; -16.3]%)(p=0.018). Conclusion. CHD patients with CHF l-lll FC and previous COVID-19, have significantly higher serum sST2, more pronounced LV DD and greater global longitudinal deformation.
Efficiency of acupuncture using magnetopuncture method in the correction of autonomic manifestations of asthenic syndrome in operators
Authors: Klauchek Anzhelika E.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to determine the effectiveness of magnetopuncture techniques in the corrective treatment of asthenic syndrome with autonomic manifestations in operators. Material and methods. 66 employees of the operator service aged 24-47 years with asthenia were examined. A survey, a neurological examination, a subjective assessment of fatigue using Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) were conducted before and after treatment. Acupuncture treatment included 10 sessions of magnetopuncture. Results. After the course of magnetopuncture, there was an improvement in the condition of the patients, a significant decrease in the subjective assessment of fatigue on the FAS scale from 31.2 (28.6; 34.6) to 17.6 (15.4; 18.8) points (p=0.001). According to the data of the heart rate variability spectrum after corrective treatment, there was a significant increase in the high-frequency component (HF) in absolute values (p<0.001), as well as significant differences in the components of LF (p=0.011) and HF (p=0.027) in normalized units, and the ratio of the low-frequency component to the high-frequency one (LF/HF) (p=0.006). Conclusions. The proposed scheme of magnetopuncture is an effective non-drug technique for the correction of autonomic disorders in asthenic syndrome among operators, and can be used for complex rehabilitation.
Integral assessment in differentiated approach to evaluation of harmful and dangerous working conditions among medical workers of separate specialties
Authors: Ratushnaya Naila Sh.
Published: September 2024

Objective: an integral assessment of the working conditions of doctors of central district hospitals, followed by a quantitative differentiated selection of the totality of the most adverse factors for the health of doctors. Material and methods. A study of the harmful factors of production activities of 80 medical workers (24 surgeons, 16 anesthesiologists, 18 neuropathologists and 22 emergency doctors) of the central district hospital was carried out during 2021-2022 in accordance with the requirements of R 2.2.2006-05, based on the results of a special assessment of working conditions (SOUT). A mathematical model proposed by V. Ivanov (2016) was used to calculate the values of the integral assessment of the working conditions of doctors, expressed in conditional units (UE). Results. The indicators of integral assessment of working conditions calculated as a result of the studies were: for emergency doctors — 5.18 units, surgeons — 3.47 units (were consistent with the dangerous), for anesthesiologists — 2.27 units (met unacceptably harmful conditions), for neuropathologists — 0.13 units (were characterized as harmful). Conclusion. The method of integral assessment of harmful working conditions of medical workers makes it possible to quantitatively carry out a differentiated selection of the totality of the most dangerous industrial factors for the health of doctors.
Motivation for choosing a clinical psychologist career
Authors: Novokreshchenova Irina G. , Novokreshchenov Igor V. , Chunakova Viktoria V. , Semikina Natalya A. , Smotrova Yulia N. , Aranovich Lilia M.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to determine the dominant motives for choosing a profession "clinical psychology". Material and methods. The methodology of R. V. Ovcharova was applied to determine the motives for choosing the profession of a clinical psychologist. The opinion of students in the specialty "Clinical Psychology" was also studied with the help of a specially designed author's questionnaire (19 questions), which allowed to determine significant motivation factors in choosing a profession students (n=126). Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between gender, the presence of relatives — medical workers and motivation factors. Results. For a group of students, the total score for internal individually significant motives is 2500 points, for internal socially significant motives — 2172 points. The motive of "the opportunity to realize their personal qualities" is statistically more significant for men (b=1.12±0.52; p=0.03), the motive of "low tuition" —for women (b=-1.10±0.55; p=0.04). 68.3% of respondents have medical workers in their environment. For people who do not have relatives — medical workers, such motives as "vocation" (b=-0.81±0.35; p=0.02), "low tuition" (b=-1.18±0.50; p=0.02), "parents' desire" (b=-0.89±0.37; p=0.02) are more significant when choosing a profession. Conclusions. The dominant motives for choosing the profession of "clinical psychology" for students are internal motives. The motives for choosing a profession depend on such personal identifiers as gender and the presence of relatives — medical workers.
What stops businesses from adopting green management practices? A qualitative study from the Turkish manufacturing sector
Authors: Akduru Hale Eda
Published: September 2024

Being green has many benefits both for national economies and organisations. According to the literature, green management impacts various performance indicators and strengthens the competitive power of firms in the manufacturing industry. Considering that the manufacturing sector is highly likely to harm the environment, it is important to note why firms do not have green management practices. This study aims to understand the most common reasons hindering green management practices in the Turkish manufacturing industry. According to a thematic analysis based on the responses of 76 interviewees, five main themes as (1) financial inadequacy, (2) insufficient infrastructure, (3) lack of awareness, (4) lack of experience, and (5) resistance have been identified as the main reasons for not to implement green management practices. Another finding of the study suggests that the most crucial contribution of green management to businesses in the manufacturing industry is the long-term reduction of costs.
Effect of inflation adjustments on inventories
Authors: Gül Meltem
Published: September 2024

This study examines the effect of inflation accounting, which has been brought to the agenda again due to the increasing inflation in recent periods, on inventories, which is one of the non-monetary items. The case study method was used. Based on the Borsa Istanbul sector index, the inventories item in the financial statements of 6 enterprises operating in the Forestry Products and Furniture sector was subjected to inflation adjustment with the simple average method according to the producer price index 2022. As a result of the inflation adjustment, it was observed that the inventory item increased, and the same increase caused an increase in the equity item.
Otel çalışanlarının perspektifinden gayri ahlaki müşteri davranışları
Authors: Esen Ozan
Published: September 2024

Hotels operating for customer satisfaction experience some failures in the service delivery process. It is stated that the failures experienced may be caused by customers violating generally accepted behaviours. Jaycustomer behaviours ranging from theft to sexual harassment have severe effects on businesses, employees and other customers. This study aims to reveal various jaycustomer behaviours encountered by hospitality business employees in contact with guests and the approaches employees use to address these behaviours. In this context, semi-structured interviews were held with 12 department employees interacting with customers in five-star hotels in Kuşadası. The fact that employees working in animation, housekeeping, front office and food and beverage services departments, who have close interaction with customers, are included in the sample reflects the originality of the research. The data obtained was analysed using descriptive analysis. In this context, it has been observed that all department employees encounter jaycustomer behaviours. They commonly exhibit behaviours such as transferring information to their superiors, explaining, apologising and moving away from the environment to solve these problems. As a result of the research, essential inferences were provided to the relevant literature and hotel managers.
Evaluation of local people's perceptions, satisfaction, and support for tourism regarding the Şanlıurfa culture route festival
Authors: Erdem Ahmet
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the participants' perceptions, satisfaction, and support for tourism regarding the Şanlıurfa Culture Route Festival. The participants' perceptions of the festival's social, individual, economic, and touristic benefits significantly influence their satisfaction levels. Among these, perceived economic and personal benefits impact festival satisfaction the most. Furthermore, participants' satisfaction with the festival substantially affects their support for tourism development. Accordingly, the positive perception of the benefits associated with the festival influences satisfaction levels, and high satisfaction levels directly impact tourism development support in the destination. Analysing the averages of the responses given by participants to the scales, it is found that the festival helps alleviate daily stress, contributes to the promotion of the region, provides social interaction opportunities for local people, increases the business volume of local enterprises and that the events organised during the festival are sufficient. Additionally, it has been observed that participants intend to attend the Culture Route Festival again and strongly support tourism development.
Dijitalde yeni benlik aranıyor: Cinsiyetsizlik söylemleri üzerine bir çalışma
Authors: Özdemir Merve , Kayış Figen
Published: September 2024

The concept of self-expresses a person's views on himself/herself. The uploads a person makes to himself/herself show how the self is perceived. The development and rapid spread of communication technologies have made digital technologies easily enter daily life. Many digital technology tools such as tablets, phones, and computers have created an environment allowing people to present their self-presentations and selves virtually. Mainly because social media applications allow for making friends, creating a new identity and profile, and meeting the need for socialization. Their structure allows for communication, which brings about the use of these channels by many individuals. The recent spread of the concept of genderlessness by influencers especially shows that a new one has been added to how the self is constructed through social media. In the method section, this study discussed Instagram, one of Turkey's most used social media platforms. Two influencers with the highest number of followers in Turkey and Europe, who emphasize genderlessness discourses, were examined within the sample. According to the findings, influencers emphasize genderlessness discourses.
Do corporate carbon emissions affect financial constraints? Evidence from developed markets
Authors: Bilyay-Erdoğan Seda
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışma kapsamında, karbon emisyonları ile finansal kısıtlamalar arasındaki ilişki ve farklı sahiplik özelliklerinin bu ilişkiyi nasıl etkilediği incelenmektedir. Analizlerde kullanılan örneklem 24 gelişmiş ülkede bulunan 2632 şirketten 2002 ile 2022 yılları arası için toplanan 20,774 şirket-yıl gözlemden oluşmaktadır. Sabit etkiler içeren panel veri tahmin metodolojisini kullanarak yaptığımız analizler, bir firmanın karbon emisyonları ile finansal kısıtları arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuçlar, daha yüksek karbon emisyonlarına sahip firmaların daha büyük finansal kısıtlar yaşama olasılığının daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, farklı mülkiyet özelliklerinin de aracı değişken etkisine dair yeni kanıtlar sunmaktayız: Karbon emisyonlarının finansal kısıtlar üzerindeki pozitif etkisinin, daha fazla kurumsal ve daha fazla yabancı mülkiyete sahip firmalar için daha yüksek olduğunu göstermekteyiz. Buna karşılık, karbon emisyonlarının finansal kısıtlar üzerindeki pozitif etkisinin, daha yüksek devlet mülkiyetine sahip şirketler için daha düşük olduğunu gözlemlenmiştir. Genel olarak, bulgularımız çevresel performansın firmaların finansal kısıtlarını etkileyen önemli bir faktör olduğunu ve firmanın mülkiyet yapısının bu etkide aracı değişken rolü oynadığını göstermektedir.
POLYNOMIAL DESIGN OF LOW-ORDER CONTROLLERS FOR SISO DESCRIPTOR SYSTEMS
Authors: ЧЕХОНАДСКИХ А.В.
Published: September 2024

Применяется полиномиальный подход к синтезу оптимальных регуляторов пониженного порядка для линейных стационарных одноканальных систем, описываемых системами дифференциально-алгебраических уравнений. Метод критических корневых диаграмм и корневых многочленов использовался для синтеза таких регуляторов в классических системах автоматического управления. В работе берётся неустойчивый объект управления, заданный неправильной передаточной дробью с числителем 6-й степени и знаменателем 4-й степени. Для него находятся настройки стабилизирующих ПИ3-регуляторов, среди которых выделяется оптимальный по степени устойчивости; расчёт импульсной характеристики подтверждает его астатизм и безымпульсность. Схема метода остаётся той же, что и для классических систем управления, однако возникающие полиномиальные системы уравнений оказываются выше по степени и труднее для численного решения.

We apply a polynomial approach to low-order optimal controller design for linear stationary SISO systems described by differential-algebraic equations. Critical root diagrams and root polynomials are explored in low-order controller design in classical control systems. The method is illustrated on an unstable controlled plant defined by an improper transfer fraction with a 6th-degree numerator and a 4th-degree denominator. We find the settings of a few stabilizing PI3-controllers and select the optimal one providing the maximum relative stability; the impulse response calculation confirms that the close loop system is astatic and impulse-free. The method scheme remains the same as that for the classical control systems; however, the arising polynomial systems turn out to be of a higher degree and more difficult for numerical solving.
SCHEMES OF COMBINING DISCRIMINANT FUNCTIONS FOR INCREASING THE CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY IN AN ENSEMBLE OF DATA SOURCES
Authors: ЛАНГЕ М.М. , ПАРАМОНОВ С.В.
Published: September 2024

Исследуется точность классификации данных в терминах соотношения вероятности ошибки и количества обрабатываемой информации для различных схем комплексирования. Рассматриваются схемы комплексирования слабых разделяющих функций на множестве данных одной модальности и на ансамбле данных от источников различной модальности. Для предлагаемых способов комплексирования оценивается избыточность вероятности ошибки относительно теоретико-информационной нижней границы в форме модифицированной функции «скорость-погрешность» с мерой погрешности Хэмминга. Экспериментальные оценки, полученные на множествах изображений лиц и подписей, демонстрируют уменьшение вероятности ошибки и её избыточности относительно нижней границы с увеличением количества обрабатываемой информации за счёт комплексирования слабых разделяющих функций.

Given an ensemble of datasets, we study the object classification accuracy in terms of the error probability depending on the amount of processed information using various fusion schemes. Schemes of combining weak discriminant functions in each dataset as well as in an ensemble of different modality datasets are suggested. For the proposed fusion schemes, the redundancy of the error probability relative to the information-theoretic lower bound defined by the modified rate-distortion function with the Hamming distortion measure is evaluated. The experimental evaluations in datasets of signature and face images show a decrease in the error probability and its redundancy with the amount of the processed information being increased by combining weak discriminant functions.
ENERGY-SAVING CONTROL IN SYSTEMS WITH DISTRIBUTED PARAMETERS UNDER UNIFORM ESTIMATES OF TARGET SETS
Authors: РАПОПОРТ Э.Я. , ПЛЕШИВЦЕВА Ю.Э. , ЛЕВИН И.С.
Published: September 2024

Предложен метод синтеза оптимальных по энергопотреблению регуляторов в открытой и замкнутой областях определения пространственно-временных управляющих воздействий для линейных многомерных объектов с распределёнными параметрами параболического типа в условиях заданной точности равномерного приближения конечного состояния системы к требуемому пространственному распределению управляемой величины. Развиваемый подход базируется на разработанном ранее альтернансном методе построения параметризуемых алгоритмов оптимального программного управления, существенно использующем фундаментальные закономерности предметной области. Показано, что искомые уравнения регуляторов сводятся к линейным с ограничениями законам обратной связи по неполному наблюдению состояния объекта с нестационарными коэффициентами передачи, которые определяются предварительным расчётом программного управляющего воздействия.

A method is proposed for synthesis of energy-efficient controllers in both open and closed domains of definition of spatiotemporal control actions for linear multidimensional objects of the parabolic type with distributed parameters under the conditions of a specified accuracy of uniform approximation of the system's final state to the required spatial distribution of the controlled variable. The suggested approach is based on the previously developed alternance method of constructing parameterized algorithms for optimal programmed control, which utilizes fundamental regularities of the subject area. It is shown that the sought controller equations are reduced to linear laws with constraints for feedbacks based on incomplete observation of the state of an object with non-stationary transfer coefficients, which are determined by a preliminary calculation of the programmed control action.
TOTAL ENERGY CONTROL OF AIRCRAFT LONGITUDINAL MOTION
Authors: БЕЛОКОНЬ С.А. , ЗОЛОТУХИН Ю.Н. , КОТОВ К.Ю. , МАЛЬЦЕВ А.С. , ЯН А.П.
Published: September 2024

Рассматривается создание системы управления продольным движением летательных аппаратов на основе принципа управления полной энергией. Представлена структура системы управления, включающая не зависящее от летательных аппаратов ядро, а также переход к командам отклонения руля высоты и тяги, полученным на основе принципа инверсных моделей. Система управления реализована для моделей трёх летательных аппаратов различной аэродинамической схемы. Исследование качества регулирования выполнено методом численного моделирования.

The creation of a system for controlling the longitudinal motion of aircraft based on the principle of the total energy control is considered. The structure of the control system is presented. It includes a core independently of aircraft calculating commands for deflecting the elevator and thrust obtained on the basis of the principle of inverse models. The control system is implemented for models of three aircraft with different aerodynamic configurations. The study of the quality of regulation is carried out using the numerical modeling method.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE THICKNESS OF A SINGLE-LAYER ANTIREFLECTIVE COATING OF SIO2 ON A SILICON PHOTODIODE DEPENDING ON THE INCIDENT LIGHT CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: ТИМОФЕЕВ А.В. , МИЛЬШТЕЙН А.И. , ГРИГОРЬЕВ Д.Н.
Published: September 2024

Проведены теоретические исследования зависимости оптимальной толщины однослойного просветляющего слоя SiO2 на кремниевом фотодиоде от характеристик падающего на фотодиод света. Показано, что оптимальная толщина однослойного просветляющего SiO2 для различных распределений интенсивности по углу увеличивает квантовую эффективность фотодиода до 1,1 раза по сравнению с классическим однослойным просветляющим покрытием толщиной λ/4n, которое является оптимальным при нормальном падении монохроматического света.

Theoretical studies of the dependence of the optimal thickness of a single-layer antireflective coating of SiO2 on a silicon photodiode on the characteristics of light incident on the photodiode have been carried out. It is found that the optimal thickness of a single-layer antireflective coating of SiO2 for various angular intensity distributions increases the quantum efficiency of the photodiode up to 1.1 times compared to the classical single-layer antireflective coating with a thickness of λ/4n, which is an optimal coating in the case of normal incidence of monochromatic light.
INFLUENCE OF NONLINEAR PHASE NOISE ON QPSK AND M-QAM SIGNALS IN COHERENT OFDM FIBER OPTIC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
Authors: ВАРДАНЯН В.А.
Published: September 2024

Рассматривается когерентная волоконно-оптическая система передачи OFDM-сигналов. Каналы сформированы с помощью спектрально-эффективных форматов модуляции: QPSK, M-QAM. Исследуется влияние на канальные сигналы нелинейных фазовых шумов, возникающих в оптическом волокне. Показано, что появляющиеся в оптическом тракте нелинейные фазовые шумы преобразуются в амплитудные и, смешиваясь с шумами оптических усилителей, приводят к уменьшению показателя качества сигнала. Даны оценочные формулы для определения помехозащищённости канальных сигналов посредством расчёта Q-фактора.

A coherent fiber optic transmission system for OFDM signals is considered. The channels are formed using spectrally efficient modulation formats - QPSK and M-QAM. It is shown that the nonlinear phase noise arising in the optical path is converted into the amplitude noise and, after mixing with the noise of optical amplifiers, leads to a decrease in the signal quality index. Evaluation formulas are given for determining the noise immunity of channel signals using the Q-factor.
FRAUNHOFER DIFFRACTION PHENOMENA IN COHERENT LIGHT ON AN EXTENDED ASYMMETRIC EDGE WITH A REFLECTING (GRAY) INNER EDGE
Authors: ЧУГУЙ Ю.В.
Published: September 2024

С использованием модели эквивалентных транспарантов исследованы дифракционные явления Фраунгофера в когерентном свете на протяжённом объекте постоянной толщины в виде объёмного асимметричного края со скосом и плоской отражающей (серой) внутренней поверхностью объекта, характеризуемой модулем амплитудного коэффициента отражения света и сдвигом фазы в отражённой волне. Показано, что поле в дальней зоне может быть представлено в виде двух компонент: проходящей и отражённой, первая из которых соответствует дифракции света на абсолютно поглощающем асимметричном крае, а вторая описывает дифракционные явления на объёмной структуре в виде бипланарной щели, освещённой плоской волной света. На основе конструктивной аппроксимации интегральной функции Френеля получено в аналитическом виде выражение для спектра объекта, исходя из которого можно исследовать поведение полей в дальней зоне. Показано, что в случае большого скоса объекта основной вклад в поле даёт отражённая компонента. Предложены способы определения геометрических параметров объекта путём измерения положения центрального максимума отражённой компоненты и его эффективной ширины.

The Fraunhofer diffraction phenomena in coherent light on an extended object of constant thickness in the form of a volumetric asymmetric edge with a bevel and a flat reflecting (gray) inner surface of the object, characterized by the modulus of the amplitude coefficient of light reflection and the phase shift in the reflected wave, are investigated using the model of equivalent transparencies. It is shown that the field in the far zone can be represented in the form of two components: transmitted and reflected, the former corresponding to diffraction of light at an absolutely absorbing asymmetric edge, and the latter describes diffraction phenomena at a volume structure in the form of a biplanar slit illuminated by a plane light wave. On the basis of a constructive approximation of the Fresnel integral function, an expression for the spectrum of the object is obtained in analytical form, which allows studying the behavior of fields in the far-field zone. It is shown that, in the case of a large object obliqueness, the main contribution to the field is given by the reflected component. Methods of determining the geometric parameters of the object by measuring the position of the central maximum of the reflected component and its effective width are proposed.
RSL AND ODMR SPECTROSCOPY OF NV CENTERS IN ⟨111⟩ DIAMOND NANOLAYERS AND PILLARS AFTER THE IMPACT OF A GA+ FOCUSED ION BEAM
Authors: КАРТАШОВ И.А. , ПОДЛЕСНЫЙ С.Н. , АНТОНОВ В.А. , ПОПОВ В.П. , ПАЛЬЯНОВ Ю.Н.
Published: September 2024

Исследованы спектральные характеристики оптически детектируемого магнитного резонанса отрицательно заряженных центров азот-вакансия (NV-) в синтетических алмазах и наностолбах на их поверхности, сформированных сфокусированным ионным пучком Ga+ при заселении нижних спиновых подуровней микроволновым излучением. В ходе исследований для проявляющихся спиновых резонансов при различных значениях внешнего магнитного поля выявлено как существенное уменьшение гиромагнитного соотношения, так и существенное падение контраста фотолюминесценции для направлений центров NV-, наклонных к оси наностолбов вследствие остаточных дефектов от ионного травления, регистрируемых на спектрах комбинационного рассеяния света в форме пиков от аморфного углерода и графита и создаваемых ими напряжений.

The spectral characteristics of optically detectable magnetic resonance (ODMR) are investigated for negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers in synthetic diamonds and nanopillars on their surface formed by a Ga+ focused ion beam (FIB), when lower spin sublevels are populated with the microwave radiation in 0-20 G magnetic fields. Both a significant decrease in the gyromagnetic ratio and the quenching of luminescence from the NV- centers inclined to the nanopillar axis are revealed due to residual defects and stresses created by them.
DETERMINING THE DIRECTION OF PORES IN THE CRYSTALLINE ORGANOMETALLIC FRAMEWORK BY RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY AND DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY CALCULATIONS
Authors: СЛЮСАРЕНКО Н.В. , ЮШИНА И.Д. , СЛЮСАРЕВА Е.А. , ГОЛОВКИНА Е.В. , КРЫЛОВА С.Н. , ВТЮРИН А.Н. , КРЫЛОВ А.С.
Published: September 2024

Предложен метод определения ориентации направления пор в металлоорганических каркасных структурах по спектрам поляризованного комбинационного рассеяния света. В методе используется чувствительность интенсивности линий комбинационного рассеяния света к геометрии распространения в кристалле. Работоспособность метода показана на кристаллах DUT-8 (Ni, Co). Интерпретация полученных результатов выполнена на основе анализа симметрии и направления колебаний в рамках периодических вычислений теории функционала электронной плотности. Одновременный подход позволил описать колебания и найти главную ориентацию кристалла, коллинеарную направлению пор. Знание ориентации пор необходимо для задач адсорбции и конструирования сложных многокомпонентных материалов на базе металлоорганических каркасных соединений.

A method is proposed for determining the orientation of the pore direction in metal-organic frameworks from the spectra of polarized Raman scattering. The method uses the sensitivity of the intensity of the Raman lines to the geometry of light propagation in the crystal. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated on DUT-8 (Ni, Co) crystals. The interpretation results are interpreted by analyzing the symmetry and direction of vibrations within the framework of periodic calculations of the electron density functional theory. The joint approach makes it possible to describe the vibrations and find the main orientation of the crystal, which is collinear to the direction of the pores. The knowledge of the pore orientation is necessary for solving adsorption problems and creating complex multicomponent materials based on metal-organic framework compounds.
UNUSUAL PROPERTIES OF THE RAMAN SPECTRA OF COAL GRAPHITE FROM THE SEREGEN DEPOSIT (TAIMYR). A NEW ALLOTROPIC FORM OF CARBON?
Authors: МЕЛЬНИК Н.Н. , СИМАКОВ С.К. , КОСЦОВ Д.С.
Published: September 2024

Методом комбинационного рассеяния света (КРС) исследовались образцы ископаемых углей из различных месторождений. Обнаружен необычный вид спектра КРС угольного графита из месторождения Сэрэген (Таймыр). Спектр состоит из интенсивных узких полос, характерных, как правило, для монокристаллов, в отличие от стандартных спектров для ископаемых углей - уширенные полосы D и G и слабо выраженный спектр КРС второго порядка. Исследования показали, что нет прямой аналогии между спектрами таймырского образца угольного графита и спектрами КРС других аллотропных форм углерода. На основании проведённых экспериментов сделано предположение, что есть вероятность существования новой аллотропной формы углерода.

The method of Raman scattering (RS) is used to study samples of fossil coals from various deposits. An unusual form of the Raman spectrum of coal graphite from the Seregen deposit (Taimyr) is discovered. The spectrum consists of intense narrow bands, which are usually typical for single crystals, in contrast to the standard spectra for fossil coals, i.e., broadened D and G bands and a weakly pronounced second-order Raman spectrum. The studies have shown that there is no direct analogy between the spectra of the Taimyr sample of coal graphite and the Raman spectra of other allotropic forms of carbon. Based on the experiments carried out, it is suggested that there is a possibility of the existence of a new allotropic form of carbon.