bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis hubungan antara volume ekspor, kurs, harga dan jumlah produksi kakao di Indonesia
Authors: Prastowo  , Wulandira Rezky Pertama
Published: July 2023

Purpose – This study aims to examine the effect of international cocoa prices, the amount of domestic cocoa production, and the exchange rate on cocoa export volume.Methods – The method used is the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) with time series data from 1980-2019.Findings – The results show that in the short term, international cocoa prices have a significant negative effect and the rupiah exchange rate has a significant positive effect on cocoa export volume. In the long run, cocoa export volume is negatively affected by domestic production and positively by the rupiah exchange rate.Implication – The needs to be strict regulation regarding the quality of cocoa produced domestically and exported so that Indonesian cocoa is competitive in the intenational market. In addition, the stability of the rupiah exchange rate.Originality – this research contributes to cocoa trade policies in the international market.
AbstrakTujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dari harga kakao internasional, jumlah produksi domestik kakao, dan nilai tukar terhadap volume ekspor kakao. Metode – Metode yang digunakan adalah Vector Error Corection Model (VECM) dengan data time series dari tahun 1980- 2019. Temuan – Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka pendek, harga kakao internasional memengaruhi secara negatif signifikan dan nilai tukar Rupiah secara positif signifikan terhadap volume ekspor kakao. Dalam jangka panjang, volume ekspor kakao dipengaruhi secara negatif oleh jumlah produksi domestik dan secara positif oleh nilai tukar Rupiah. Implikasi – Perlu adanya regulasi ketat terkait mutu kualitas kakao yang diproduksi domestik dan diekspor sehingga kakao Indonesia kompetitif di pasar internasional. Selain itu, stabilitas nilai tukar Rupiah. Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini berkontribusi terhadap kebijakan perdagangan kakao di pasar internasional
Analisis determinan ketimpangan pendapatan di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Raziq Khairul , El Hasanah Lak Lak Nazhat
Published: July 2023

Purpose – This study aims to analyze the effect of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), Regional Original Revenue (PAD), District/City Minimum Wage (UMK), and population on the level of income inequality in Yogyakarta Special Region Province.Methods – The research method used is panel data regression with the help of Eviews 9 software with the selected model being the Random Effect Model. Findings – Simultaneously, the independent variables affect the dependent variable. While partially, it was found that GRDP had no effect on the level of income inequality, regional own-source revenue had a positive and significant effect, minimum wage and population were found to have a negative and significant effect.Implication – The research results have implications for policies related to regional revenue and the District Minimum Wage in an effort to improve community welfare to minimize income inequality in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.Originality – This study examines income inequality in the Special Region of Yogyakarta with variables of GRDP, local revenue, district minimum wage and population.
AbstrakTujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK), dan jumlah penduduk terhadap tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.Metode – Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan bantuan software Eviews 9 dengan model yang terpilih adalah Random Effect Model. Temuan – Secara simultan variabel independen berpengaruh terhadap variabel dependen. Sedangkan secara parsial, ditemukan PDRB tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan, pendapatan asli daerah berpengaruh positif dan signfikan, upah minimum serta jumlah penduduk didapatkan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan.. Implikasi – Hasil penelitian berimplikasi pada kebijakan terkait penerimaan daerah serta Upah Minimum Kabupaten dalam upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat untuk memperkecil ketimpangan pendapatan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini meneliti tentang ketimpangan pendapatan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dengan variabel PDRB,PAD, UMK dan Jumlah Penduduk.
Keputusan migrasi di Indonesia
Authors: Astuti Riska Dwi
Published: July 2023

Purpose – This study aims to analyze individual characteristics and internal factors on affecting migration decision.Methods – Individual-level of 5698 respondents from the Indonesian Family Survey are analyzed using logistic and probit regressions.Findings – Marital status and number of household members are found to be negatively significant on affecting migration decision. Furthermore, the economic condition measured using income accumulation and debt at household level is statistically insignificant. Originality – This study is one of few research that use individual-level data to analyze migration in Indonesia.
AbstrakTujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik individu atau faktor internal individu dalam mempengaruhi keputusan migrasi. Metode – Informasi di tingkat individu atas 5698 responden dari data Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) dianalisis menggunakan regresi logit dan probit.Temuan – Status pernikahan dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap keputusan individu bermigrasi. Di sisi lain, keadaan ekonomi rumah tangga yang dijelaskan dengan akumulasi pendapatan dan hutang rumah tangga tidak mempengaruhi keputusan migrasi.Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini merupakan satu dari sedikit analisis migrasi menggunakan data di tingkat individu di Indonesia
Spatial Differences and Drivers of Tourism Ecological Security in China’s Border Areas
Authors: Wang Jie , Chen Xi , Zhang Zhao hui
Published: July 2023

Tourism activities generally have a ∩-type lock on the level of tourism ecological security in an area, but when applied to the border areas of China, there are certain specificities in the spatial evolution of tourism ecological security (TES) compared to traditional findings. This paper measures tourism ecological security in China’s border areas from 2009 to 2020 by using the DPSIR model with the superefficient SBM-DEA and analyzes the spatial differences, evolutionary characteristics, and driving factors of tourism ecological security in border areas by using Pearson’s correlation coefficients, center of gravity models, and geographic probes: (1) The overall tourism ecological security index of China’s border provinces is relatively good. Tourism activities do not completely affect the traditional “∩ lock” of the border provinces. The tourism ecological security level of the border provinces presents three spatial-temporal changes (“∩” type, “U” type, “\” type) and four evolution trends (“high–high–high”, “middle–middle–medium”, “medium–low–low”, and “low–low–low”). (2) The overall tourism ecological security level in border areas is polarized between high and low levels, and the ecological security efficiency of the three large areas is spatially characterized as “Southwest Area > Northeast Area > Northwest Area”, and the center of gravity of ecological security is mostly concentrated in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Neimenggu, where the ecological security level is higher. (3) Social and environmental factors are the main factors that influence tourism ecological security in border areas, while economic factors account for a smaller proportion. Accordingly, this thesis also proposes the driving mechanism of the ecological security of tourism sites in border areas in China with a view to providing theoretical support for policy formulation.
The Effect of Bodyweight Support and Incline Running on Triceps Surae Electromyographic Activity
Authors: Timbert Tom , Babault Nicolas , Methenitis Spyridon , Cometti Carole , Amiez Nicolas , Paizis Christos
Published: July 2023

Body weight support (BWS) and incline running (IR) are commonly used either during rehabilitation or during training separately, with many positive effects on athletes’ performance and rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of BWS and IR. In eighteen healthy men (age: 20.3 ± 1.2 yr, body weight: 70.2 ± 4.8 kg, body height: 179.6 ± 5.4 cm), the changes in electromyographic activity (EMGA) during a 10-min run with BWS (15% or 30% of body weight; in different occasions) and IR at 7%, as well as jumping performance and gait spatiotemporal parameters were evaluated. Lower Rating of Perceived Exertion and a significant decrease in VL (33,4%), SOL (17%), and GL EMGA (28.5%, p < 0.05) but not in GM (10.5%, p > 0.05), were observed during BWS30% at 7% slope compared to flat running. Also, low-frequency fatigue of the quadriceps was induced only after running without BWS at 7% slope (P = 0.011). No changes were found in jumping performance (p = 0.246) and gait spatiotemporal parameters (p > 0.05) except for flight time (p < 0.006). In conclusion, compared to normal flat running, BWS reduces electromyographic activity and fatigue during slope running.
Student Perception of Online Teaching in Undergraduate Dental Education in Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mohammad Shegufta , Sultana Labuda , Azad Salahuddin Al , Nahar Nurun , Chode Vikram , Rahman Sayeeda , Majumder Md Anwarul Azim
Published: July 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the education sector of Bangladesh suffered a lot. To adapt to this uncertain situation, the online teaching-learning method was introduced for the first time in the dental colleges to continue regular classes. This qualitative study explored the in-depth perception among students of this new, affordable, flexible online learning method and to find out the scope of improvement of the delivery method. Two focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted, each including 6-8 participants (N=16, the male: female ratio was 7:9) for gaining an in-depth understanding of the perception of online teaching among the dental students. With the help of the trigger questions, the facilitator and moderators conducted both the FGDs. By analysing the Focus group discussion, four distinct themes were identified. The main themes extracted from the data refer to the difficulties which students faced during participation in online classes (e.g., low attention span, unusual timing of classes, internet accessibility, power cut, boring content, etc.), advantages of online learning (e.g., saves time, able to continue studying during the lockdown, saves money, avoids commuting, being safe during a pandemic situation, one can participate in classes if sick, etc.), disadvantages of online classes (e.g., not feasible for clinical classes and lab works, lack of social interactions, lack of group study, long screen time, lack of after class peer discussion, lack of engagement, etc.), and also scopes of improvements (e.g., technological training for staff, recorded classes, technological orientation for students, more engaging contents, online support, more interactive lessons, short duration of the class, break after 30-45 minutes and also teachers training for online facilitation, etc.). In Bangladesh, the online teaching-learning method is not a regular practice. Most of the institutions were forced to adopt this method on very short notice because of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Online education in a clinical subject like dentistry requires a special training program, online content preparation, and interactive lesson delivery setup which are big challenges for a re-source-constrained medical education setup. The focus group discussion unveiled some key issues which indicated that there are many scopes for improvement in online teaching methods. With the help of the medical education department and through faculty development the online learning sessions can be made attractive as well as beneficiary for the key stakeholders.
The Impact of Monetary Policy on the U.S. Stock Market since the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Thorbecke Willem
Published: July 2023

Inflation in 2021 and 2022 grew much faster than the Federal Reserve expected. The Fed downplayed inflation in 2021 and then increased the federal funds rate by 500 basis points between March 2022 and May 2023. This paper investigates how this unprecedented tightening impacted the stock market. To do so it estimates a fully specified multi-factor model that measures the exposure of 53 assets to Bauer and Swanson (2022) monetary policy surprises over the 1988 to 2019 period. It then uses the monetary policy betas to gauge investors’ beliefs about monetary policy between 2020 and 2023. The results indicate that changing perceptions about monetary policy multiplied uncertainty and stock market volatility.
The Role of Microglial Exosomes and Mir-124-3p in Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Repair after Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Mavroudis Ioannis , Balmus Ioana Miruna , Ciobica Alin Stelian , Nicoara Mircea Nicusor , Luca Alina Costina , Palade Dragos Octavian
Published: July 2023

Background: This review aims to explore the regulatory mechanism of microglial exosomes, particularly focusing on the role of miR-124-3p, in modulating neuroinflammation and promoting neuronal repair following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Multiple studies investigating the impact of microglial exosomal miRNAs, specifically miR-124-3p, on injured neurons and brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) in the context of TBI were reviewed. Results: Animal models of TBI, in vitro cell culture experiments, RNA sequencing analysis, and functional assays were employed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects of miR-124-3p-loaded exosomes on neuroinflammation and neuronal repair. The increased expression of miR-124-3p in microglial exosomes after TBI inhibited neuronal inflammation and promoted neurite outgrowth. This effect was achieved by promoting the anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of microglia, suppressing mTOR signaling through downregulation of PDE4B, and inducing autophagy in BMVECs. These actions collectively contributed to neuroprotection, reduced blood-brain barrier leakage, and improved neurologic outcomes in animal models of TBI. Conclusion: Microglial exosomes, particularly those carrying miR-124-3p, have emerged as promising candidates for therapeutic interventions in TBI. These exosomes exhibit neuroprotective effects, attenuate neuroinflammation, and promote neuronal repair and plasticity. Targeting miR-124-3p and utilizing microglial exosomes as therapeutic agents hold great potential for future clinical translation in TBI management. However, further research is required to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize their delivery strategies for effective treatment in human TBI cases.
Preparation and Characterization of Dopamine Modified Carbon Fiber Paper Composites for Gas Diffusion Layers
Authors: Ma Jiahua , Chen XiangYu , Sun XiaoShuai , Zhao ChuanShan
Published: July 2023

Carbon fibers (CFs) cannot be directly used for the preparation of CF paper because of their chemically inert nature. Herein, the surface of CF was modified via the spontaneous oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine. By taking full advantage of the spontaneous oxidation and self-polymerization properties of PD to maintain the maximum strength of CFs, a polydopamine-modified CF paper (PDA-CFP) with excellent performance was prepared using PD-modified CFs (PDA-CFs), which increased the proportion of hydrophilic functional groups on the surface of carbon fibers, increased the O/C ratio on the CF surface by 6 times, and improved the bond strength between the modified CF and the adhesive by making full use of the interaction force between polydopamine and PVA fibers. In this way, the primary properties of the CF paper was improved. Overall, the results showed that the dispersion of CF was considerably improved by the dopamine modification. In addition, the primary physical properties of PDA-CFP were better than those of virgin CF paper (CFP-0). PDA-CFP exhibited a maximum tensile strength of 2.04 kN/m2, a minimum resistivity of 0.06055 Ω·cm and a minimum porosity of 72.4%. The tightness could be increased by up to 12.1%.
Reducing Outdoor Air Pollutants through Moss-Based BioTechnological Purification Filter in Kazakhstan
Authors: Biloshchytskyi Andrii , Kuchanskyi Oleksandr , Andrashko Yurii , Yedilkhan Didar , Neftissov Alexandr , Biloshchytska Svitlana , Amirgaliyev Beibut , Vatskel Vladimir
Published: July 2023

The research considers creating a network of moss-based biotechnological purification filters in the Smart City concept. The extent of absorption of heavy metals and gases by Sphagnopsida moss under different conditions was investigated. The efficiency of air purification with biotechnological filters was also investigated using the example of the city of Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, where an excess of the permissible concentration of harmful substances in the air, according to the WHO air quality guidelines, is recorded throughout the year. Data on the level of pollution recorded by sensors located in the biggest Kazakhstani cities from 06/21/2020 to 06/04/2023 were selected as the basis for calculating the efficiency. In total, there are two hundred twenty sensors in 73 settlements of the Republic of Kazakhstan, with 80 such sensors located in the city of Almaty. Since creating a single biotechnological filter is expensive, the task was to calculate the air purification effect in the case of increasing the number of filters placed in polluted areas. As a result, it is shown that ten filters provide an air purification efficiency of 0.77%, 100 filters 5.72%, and 500 filters 23.11%. A biotechnological filter for air purification based on moss was designed at Astana IT University, considering the climatic features, distribution, and types of pollution in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The obtained results are essential for ensuring compliance with the ISO 37120:2018 standard for environmental comfort in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Additionally, the research findings and the experience of implementing a moss-based biotechnological filter can be applied to designing similar air purification systems in other cities. This is of great importance for the advancement of the field of urban science.
Inheritance of the Resistance to Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say.) in a Heterogeneous Inbred Families Population of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Ayala-Ruiz Ariana Yuzaleth , Castellanos-Pérez Gloria , Jiménez-Galindo José Cruz , Ramírez-Cabral Nadiezhda , Ramírez-Valle Orlando , Figueroa-González Juan José , Malvar Rosa A.
Published: July 2023

The bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say.)) is one of the main pests of stored beans in the world. Heterogeneous Inbreed Families (HIF) Population of Near Isogenic Lines (NILs) could be an exceptional strategy to study the inheritance of the resistance against A. obtectus. We developed a HIF population of NILs of R-bufa-80-12 (Phaseolus vulgaris) to study the inheritance related to bean weevil resistance and to search NILs with high resistance to the pest within the HIF population. The objective of this research was to study the inheritance in a HIF population and to identify the best lines to provide weevil resistance in bean breeding for commercial genotypes that could reduce pesticide applications. To achieve this objective, we developed a set of 148 NILs which were near-homozygous in the genome, except in the region under study. The HIF were evaluated in two environments under natural infestation with A. obtectus in free choice bioassays in a warehouse highly infested. The population showed wide variability for the traits studied, from 17.2 to 29.2 g for 100 seed weight, 0.0-0.8 for consumption in grams, 2.0-30.0 for consumption in percent and 1.2-9.6 for preference (number of adults in the bottle to the end of the experiments. The heritabilities for resistance traits were from very low to low 0.0 to 0.19. The heritability for 100 seed weight was the highest, with a value of 0.90. All traits studied in this research have a normal distribution, so they are considered to be quantitatively inherited. However, a great variability was found for the traits studied, which allows selecting lines with a high level of resistance within the R-bufa-80-12 HIF population. All traits studied in present research are of quantitative inheritance. The best lines of the HIF population for resistance to A. obtectus were the Line-45, Line-129, Line-124, Line-108 and Line-47.
Bioverm® (Duddingtonia flagrans) comparado à associação de Duddingtonia flagrans e Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle biológico de nematóides bovinos no sudeste do Brasil
Authors: Vidal Maria Larissa Bitencourt , VIEIRA ITALO STOUPA , CASTRO LORENA SOUZA , DE FREITAS SAMUEL GALVÃO , E Silva André Ricardo , ARAUJO JACKSON VICTOR
Published: July 2023

A utilização de bioprodutos é uma alternativa para minimizar o uso indiscriminado de anti-helmínticos para o controle de vermes na pecuária. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos da administração oral de duas formulações comerciais, à base do fungo Duddingtonia flagrans (Bioverm®) e D. flagrans associado a Pochonia chlamydosporia, no controle de vermes em bovinos naturalmente infectados em pastagem de fevereiro. a outubro de 2021. Dezoito bovinos Holandês x Zebu foram divididos em grupos de seis animais (grupo 1 Bioverm®, grupo 2 Associação e controle), separados em piquetes naturalmente infectados com larvas de helmintos (L3). Coleta de amostras de fezes para determinar a carga parasitária e amostras de pastagens para determinar a infestação de L3. O estudo demonstrou baixa recuperação de L3 na pastagem devido à baixa precipitação pluviométrica durante o experimento. O EPG foi menor nos grupos 1 e 2 em relação ao controle nos meses de abril, maio e julho, enquanto em março os valores foram menores apenas no tratamento 1 em relação ao controle. A administração individual ou combinada de produtos fúngicos reduziu a liberação de ovos e a presença de larvas nas pastagens em determinados meses do ano, indicando sua eficácia no controle estratégico de parasitas gastrointestinais em bovinos.
A Customized Human Mitochondrial DNA Database (hMITO DB v1.0) for Rapid Sequence Analysis, Haplotyping and Geo-Mapping to Advance Translational Mitogenomics
Authors: Shen-Gunther Jane , Gunther Rutger S. , Cai Hong , Wang Yufeng
Published: July 2023

The field of mitochondrial genomics has advanced rapidly and revolutionized disciplines from molecular anthropology, population genetics, to medical/oncogenetics. However, mtDNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis for matrilineal haplotyping and phylogeographic inference remains hindered by the lack of a consolidated, mitogenome database and efficient bioinformatics pipeline. To address this, we developed a customized human mitogenome database (hMITO DB) embedded in a CLC Genomics workflow for read mapping, variant analysis, haplotyping, and geo-mapping. The database was constructed from 4,286 mitogenomes. The macro-haplogroup (A to Z) distribution and representative phylogenetic tree were found consistent with published literature. The hMITO DB automated workflow was tested using mtDNA-NGS sequences derived from Pap smears and cervical cancer cell lines. The auto-generated read mapping, variants track, and table of haplotypes and geo-origins were completed in 15 min for 47 samples. The mtDNA workflow proved to be a rapid, efficient and accurate means of sequence analysis for translational mitogenomics.
Evaluation of Polycaprolactone Applicability for Manufacturing High-Performance Cellulose Nanocrystal Cement Composites
Authors: Lee Hyung-Joo , Kim Woosuk
Published: July 2023

This experimental study examined the application effect of polycaprolactone (PCL), an organic resin material with excellent elasticity and ductility, on improving the mechanical performance of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) cement composites. To analyze the effect, a test specimen containing CNC and PCL mixed, containing only CNC, and a control (plain) specimen containing nothing were compared. PCL was compared according to its shape, and in the case of Granules, which is the basic shape, interfacial adhesion with cement was not achieved, so a DCM solution was used to dissolve and use the Granules form. As a method for bonding PCL to the CNC surface, the CNC surface was modified using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), and surface silylation was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) analysis. To evaluate the dispersibility according to the application of PCL to the modified CNC, particle size analysis (PSA) and zeta potential analysis were performed according to the PCL mixing amount (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 vol.% compared with those of CNC) and size distribution. Through the zeta potential value, the highest dispersion stability was shown at 1 vol.%. The cohesive force of CNC was low and the dispersion stability was high according to the application of PCL. According to the results of the dispersion stability evaluation, the degree of hydration of the dissolved PCL 1 vol.%, CNC-only specimens, and plain specimens were analyzed. Hydration products increased by increasing the degree of hydration in the unhydrated area. However, the incorporation of PCL showed a low degree of hydration, and the analysis of strength characteristics also showed a decrease of approximately 27% compared with that of plain specimens. This was because the bonding with SiO2 was not smooth owing to the solvent, thus affecting internal hydration. To investigate the effect of the PCL shape, the compressive and flexural strength characteristics were compared using PCL powder as an additional parameter. The compressive and flexural strength values were improved by approximately 54% and 26%, respectively, compared with those of the plain specimen. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis determined that the filler effect that made the micropore structure denser, affected the mechanical performance improvement.
Protecting Complex Biodiversity Systems: Ciliophora Endosymbionts of the Threatened Freshwater Mussel Species Unio crassus
Authors: Zając Katarzyna , Mioduchowska Monika , Zając Tadeusz
Published: July 2023

Infections with symbiotic single-celled organisms classified as Ciliophora, are commonly reported in various species of invertebrates. Freshwater mussels also play the role of a host for them, being responsible for their biodiversity. Knowledge about these relationships is insufficient. Freshwater mussels are among the most endangered groups of animals. Ciliate endosymbionts in mussels may be responsible for the diseases and increasingly frequent cases of mass mussel deaths and are particularly dangerous for commercially farmed mussels and for restocking of mussels as part of active conservation measures. On the other hand the Ciliophora parasites and commensals living in freshwater mussels is undescribed. Many of these species are likely to become extinct before they are known to science. Recently, two genera of Ciliophora, Conchophthirus sp. and Trichodina sp., have been described in the mantle cavity of U. crassus - an endangered and protected species in the EU. The basis of extensive research on the impact of endosymbiotic ciliates on U. crassus populations is the knowledge of their species composition, proportion of infected individuals, level of infection intensity and distribution in different types of rivers. Such studies were carried out in the mantle cavity of U. crassus from three rivers in three seasons. Cloning, sequencing and functional analysis of the genetic material of Ciliophora was carried out using NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) analysis based on the hypervariable V4 and V9 regions of the 18SrRNA gene, which enables the identification of taxonomic groups, including genera and species. The most numerous OTUs are common and cosmopolitan species. But some commensals and potentially parasites were found too. Ciliophora associated with mantle cavity form an interesting, hierarchical biocomplex but their interactions with mussels need further studies.
Solid-State Fermentation as a Sustainable Tool for Extracting Phenolic Compounds from Cascalote Pods
Authors: López-Cárdenas Francisco , Ochoa-Reyes Emilio , Baeza-Jiménez Ramiro , Tafolla-Arellano Julio C. , Ascacio-Valdés Juan A. , Buenrostro-Figueroa Jose J.
Published: July 2023

Cascalote pods are an important source of phenolic compounds, mainly recovered using solvent extraction methods. As a sustainable alternative, this study aimed to evaluate solid-state fermentation (SSF) to enhance the extractability of total phenolic compounds (TPC) with antioxidant activity (AA) from cascalote pods. Aspergillus niger GH1 was selected based on the amount of TPC released and AA measured (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP) in a shorter time. Moreover, moisture, temperature, inoculum size, and mineral composition were evaluated. The largest amount of TPC released was 124.17 mg/gdm (g of dry material) after 12 h of culture, strongly and highly significantly correlated with the AA. Moisture and KH2PO4 concentration were the main influencing factors on TPC release. Treatment 6 [1x 107 spores/gdm, 30 °C, 60% moisture, mineral composition (g/L): KH2PO4, 1.52; NaNO3, 7.65; and MgSO4, 1.52] was selected due to the highest values of both TPC and AA. SSF-assisted extraction allowed increase 118 % and 93 % in TPC and AA values, respectively. Corilagin, lagerstannin, geraniin, and ellagic acid were the main phenolic compounds identified by RP-HPLC-ESI-MS in cascalote extracts. The results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of SSF-assisted extraction as a biotechnological alternative for the recovery of important bioactive molecules from this underutilized material.
Effect of Different Additives on the Quality of Rehydrated Corn Grain Silage: A Systematic Review
Authors: Diogénes Luciana Viana , Pereira Filho José Morais , Edvan Ricardo Loiola , De Oliveira Juliana Paula Felipe , Nascimento Romilda Rodrigues do , Santos Edson Mauro , Alencar Elisvaldo José Silva , Mazza Pedro Henrique Soares , Oliveira Ronaldo Lopes , Bezerra Leilson Rocha
Published: July 2023

This review aimed to analyze the effects of additives in the process of producing silage from re-hydrated corn grains for ruminants. Control treatment studies used in this analysis was corn grain rehydrated with water only. To be included in the review, the studies needed to follow stand-ardized criteria, including the absence of additives in the control treatment and the evaluation of the silage in beef animals, such as cattle, goats, and sheep. A total of seven publications, published between 2014 and 2022, were included in the final dataset. To compare the results, the PROC ANOVA of SAS was used, which included a random effect of comparison within the study, per-forming a paired comparison. It was observed that the use of additives did not influence the chemical composition, pH, organic acid and ethanol content, microbial population, fermentative losses, aerobic stability, and dry matter in vitro digestibility of rehydrated corn grain silage (p >0.05). Based on this information, it is concluded that the use of additives in rehydrated corn grain silage did not show major differences on silage quality. It is important, however, to evaluate the effects of additives in silages on animal performance.
Recent Advances in Combating Bacterial Infections by Using Hybrid Nano-systems
Authors: Patel Unnati , Hunt Emily C.
Published: July 2023

In recent years, antimicrobial resistance in many human pathogens has become a serious health concern. Since infections with resistant pathogens cannot be treated with traditional antimicro-bial drugs, new strategies are necessary to fight bacterial infections. Hybrid nano-systems may provide a solution to this problem, by combining multiple mechanisms for killing bacteria to synergistically increase the effectiveness of the antimicrobial treatment. In this review, we high-light recent advances in the development of hybrid nano-systems for the treatment of bacterial infections. We discuss the use of hybrid nano-systems for combinational therapy, focusing on various triggering mechanisms for drug release and the development of biomimetic nanomateri-als. We also examine inherently antimicrobial nano-systems and their uses in preventing infec-tions due to wounds and medical implants. This review summarizes recent advances and pro-vides insight into the future development of antimicrobial treatments using hybrid nanomateri-als.
Comparison between biofloc technology system and aquamimicry in the cultivation of Litopenaeus vannamei in lined ponds in Southern Brazil
Authors: Catalani Kim , Wasielesky Wilson , Zuñiga Rodrigo , Souza Márcio Silva de , Foes Geraldo
Published: July 2023

This work compared biofloc technology and aquamimicry technologies in Litopenaeus vannamei lined ponds, using a density of 60 shrimp·m-2. The experiment lasted 120 days, with two treatments, bioflocs (TBio) and aquamimicry (TMi), and three replications for each. In both treatments, the average values of the water quality parameters were as follows: temperature was 24.0 ± 0.32 °C, dissolved oxygen was 8.00 ± 0.45 mg·L-1, pH was 8.40 ± 0.20, and alkalinity was 240.01 ± 37.15 mg·L-1. The control of water quality was effectively maintained in both treatments, indicating the aquamimicry system’s capability to efficiently recycle the nutrients found in the lined ponds’ water. Furthermore, both treatments demonstrated efficiency in shrimp production, and the shrimp from the TMi treatment reached an average final weight of 11.73 ± 2.21 g, average survival of 53.3 ± 15.2%, and productivity of 3.56 ± 0.15-ton·ha-1. The TBio shrimp reached a final weight of 11.48 ± 1.25 g, survival of 63.3 ± 8.16%, and productivity of 4.08 ± 1.10-ton·ha-1. The present study demonstrated that TMi treatment pondspresented zootechnical performances close to those of TBio treatment ponds. The results achieved can contribute to the improvement of this cultivation system to use it in higher stocking densities.
Biomarkers in assessing the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques: a narrative review
Authors: Kovalskaya A. N. , Duplyakov D. V.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To study the role of biomarkers in assessing the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques.

Material and methods. A review of literature sources investigating the biomarker assessment of the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques published for the period 01.01.2016 to 31.12.2022 was carried out. Literature search was carried out in English and Russian in PubMed databases, in Google Academy, Elibrary.ru according to the following keywords: “biomarkers of plaque vulnerability”, “NLR and vulnerable plaque”, “CRP and vulnerable plaque”, ”MMP-9 and vulnerable plaque”, “TIMP-1 and vulnerable plaque”, ”galectin-3 and vulnerable plaque”, “NGAL and vulnerable plaque”. A total of 183 articles were found, of which 42 articles in full-text format containing original clinical studies were selected for the preparation of this review.

Results. Numerous studies have shown that the vulnerability and rupture of the plaque, rather than its size and severity of stenosis, are the main cause of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease. Small plaques rich in lipids often become unstable due to an inflammatory reaction supported by the interaction between lipoproteins, monocytes, macrophages, T-lymphocytes and vascular wall cells. NLR, CRP, NGAL, Galectin-3, as well as markers of extracellular matrix degradation (MMP-9, TIMP-1) can play a special role in assessing the vulnerability of plaques.

Conclusion. The development of acute coronary syndrome is based on the destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque, which occurs not only due to changes in its lipid composition, but also infiltration by immuno-inflammatory cells, degradation of the extracellular matrix, as well as an active inflammatory reaction and neovascularization of the plaque. Therefore, traditional imaging methods that characterize the plaque by its appearance and size are not enough to predict the risk of rupture and the development of an acute thrombotic event. Thus, there is a need to identify new biomarkers that would correlate with the instability of plaque atheroma.
Polypharmacy: definition, impact on outcomes, need for correction
Authors: Martsevich S. Yu. , Kutishenko N. P. , Lukina Yu. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2023

The review is devoted to a modern problem of polypharmacy. A universal definition and clear criteria for this concept have not yet been formed, but it is believed that this is the prescribing of at least 5 medications (M). The article discusses the frequency and main causes of polypharmacy, demonstrates its clear relationship with the age. The presence of overweight and obesity, multimorbidity, low physical activity, fragility are clearly associated with polypharmacy. Cognitive impairment, disability, long-term pain syndrome and malignant diseases also predispose to polypharmacy. The absence of a permanent attending physician, living in a nursing home, consulting with several specialists, poor management of medical records are associated with polypharmacy. It is believed that polypharmacy leads to a following number of adverse consequences: it increases the risk of falls, side effects of M, hospitalizations and even death. The main reason for this is the occurrence of various adverse interactions between M, including unpredictable ones, but the causal relationship of these phenomena with polypharmacy is not always proven. To study of adherence to prescribed therapy with polypharmacy is not an easy task, to date, there is no clear answer to the question whether polypharmacy affects adherence to drug therapy. The article presents in detail the problems of potentially irrational prescriptions, discusses the main methods of preventing and combating polypharmacy. Obviously, the most acceptable methods are the cancellation of drugs that are not indicated or contraindicated to the patient, and the prescribing of those drugs for which there are direct indications, but which the patient does not receive. The patient’s therapy should be individualized as much as possible, taking into account numerous factors related to the peculiarities of the disease course, the prognosis, the patient’s lifestyle, his physical and mental status.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 22.07.2023 г. по 28.07.2023 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: July 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 22.07.2023 г. по 28.07.2023 г.
Information System For New Residents Registration Based On Web and Android
Authors: Shiddiq Zulfian Syahril , Rosid Mochamad Alfan , Fitrani Arif Senja , Hindarto Hindarto
Published: July 2023

The Suko Village is one of 24 villages in the Sidoarjo sub-district, Suko village is the second most populous village in the Sidoarjo sub-district, reaching 15 thousand people spread over 72 RTs. Geographically, the Suko village area is in the middle of the city which has led to many housing developments that have made Suko village a densely populated settlement, as well as a destination for residents outside the city of Sidoarjo to stop by and settle down.The purpose of this research is to design a Information System For Registration New Residents Based On Web and Android that can be accessed. The research method used is the waterfall method, while the technique for collecting data uses observation and interview techniques. The result of this research is to make the village government aware of all its citizens, including those who live not permanently and can record citizens efficiently and no longer use a manual system.
The Effect Of The Addition of Copper DB Killer On Yamaha Vixion 150cc Motorcycle on Exhaust Emissions
Authors: Wibowo Herdianto Tri , Akbar Ali Akbar
Published: July 2023

The addition of racing exhaust to a vehicle will greatly affect the quality of exhaust emissions. Racing exhausts that use the FreeFlow system which throws the remaining combustion gases out immediately without any deflection and catalyst in the racing exhaust. The addition of DB Killer uses nest-shaped copper material, besides reducing noise it also reduces excessive emissions and the material is easy to obtain, inexpensive, and has a simple manufacturing process. The advantage of DB Killer is that using a nest model copper plate catalyst material significantly reduces emissions compared to not using DB Killer. The DB Killer is installed at the end of a racing exhaust silencer and tested at different RPMs of 3500, 4500 and 5500. Tested using a gas analyzer to obtain CO, HC and CO2 values ​​for racing exhaust emissions without DB Killer and using a copper DB Killer. Obtaining the results of reducing exhaust emissions is much better and produces less noise. The result is a lower exhaust emission value because there is a DB Killer made of copper at the end of the exhaust silencer which can withstand emissions in the DB Killer which has a hollow design.
Analyzing Customer Satisfaction Using Importance Peformance Analysis (IPA) on 19 Liter Packaging Drinking Water Products
Authors: Ningsih Indrawati Rahayu , Jakaria Ribangun Bamban
Published: July 2023

Bottled drinking water is water that has been processed without additives and then packaged and safe for consumption. Bottled bottled products also vary widely, ranging from 250 ml packages to products with 19 liter packaging. This 19 liter bottled water product is the one most widely used by the public where it is not only consumed as drinking water but also used as a medium for cooking. In addition to the affordable price, this package also contains quite a lot of water compared to other packages so that it is able to meet daily needs. So that is what has resulted in various brands of bottled water products starting to emerge. This research uses the importance performance analysis (IPA) method. Data collection was carried out by observing and distributing questionnaires. the results of the study indicate that there are 8 (eight) attributes that require improvement and 3 (three) attributes that canlowered the level of service to save costs and effort in order to meet the level of satisfaction with consumers.
INFLUENCE OF BIRTH ORDER AND INHERITANCE PRACTICE ON MARRIAGES OF PEASANT DAUGHTERS IN THE RURAL SOCIETY OF PRE-INDUSTRIAL BOHEMIA, 1701–1850
Authors: Velková Alice
Published: July 2023

The study examines the question of whether birth order influenced the marriage circumstances of peasant daughters and whether a change in inheritance practice influenced marriage strategies. The research was conducted on the Šťáhlavy estate in western Bohemia, where 94 families, formed in 1701–1820, were selected. The sample under study was made up of 256 daughters surviving into adulthood, divided into four categories based on birth order (eldest, youngest, middle, and only daughters). The research focused on several parameters, such as how large the percentage of women who entered into marriage was. It was also examined whether they entered into homogamous marriages as regards social class, age and family status and whether they married while their fathers were still alive. All these parameters were observed in the context of a change in inheritance practice (1787) consisting of ultimogeniture being gradually replaced by primogeniture.
SŇATEČNOST OBYVATEL NA STŘEDOČESKÉM PANSTVÍ ŠKVOREC V LETECH 1760–1839
Authors: Janáková Kuprová Barbora
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study is to analyze the development of nuptiality of the Škvorec estate in 1760–1839. The Škvorec estate (16 localities), located in the territory of today՚s Central Bohemia, near Prague, was an important agricultural area in given period. The analysis of nuptiality is based on complete nominal excerpts from parish registers. The number of marriages and other indicators of the nuptiality are compared with the values for the Czech lands as a whole and in more detail with other selected rural localities. The results mostly correspond with the trends observed in other localities in the Czech lands.
Pelestarian Dolanan Anak Sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Penggunaan Gadget pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar di Desa Karangmulyo
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Mahirriya Putri
Published: July 2023

Program Dolanan Anak menjadi salah satu media alternatif yang dapat mengalihkan perhatian anak dari gadget. Disebabkan penggunaan gadget pada anak dsapat berdampak negatif terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Permainan tradisional bertujuan untuk mengasah kemampuan afektif, psikomotorik dan kognitif anak serta pengenalan permainan tradisional dapat mempertahankan eksistensi permainan tradisional di kalangan generasi muda. Sasaran dalam kegiatan ini adalah anak-anak usia sekolah dasar di Desa Karangmulyo. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan adalah demonstrasi dan praktek. Hasil dari kegiatan ini berjalan dengan lancar, aman dan tertib. Anak-anak sangat semangat dan antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan bermain permainan tradisional. Dengan adanya kegiatan ini diharapkan mampu mengurangi kebiasaan anak-anak dalam menghabiskan waktu luangnya untuk bermain gadget, serta dapat tetap terjaga lestarinya permainan tradisional di tengah kehidupan modern.
Few-shot Object Detection via Message Transfer Mechanism
Authors: Lv Wen , Shi Hongbo , Qi Xinwei , Song Bing , Tao Yang
Published: July 2023

Few-shot object detection aims to achieve object localization and recognition on novel classes with limited training instances. Due to the constraints of the two-stage fine-tuning mechanism, existing models lack the ability of knowledge reasoning. When transferring the base model to novel class detection, we add a RoI feature transfer branch, which establishes a message transfer mechanism between complex instances, ensuring mutual attraction between instances of the same category while allowing for association across different categories. Specifically, a self-attention message transfer graph is constructed to facilitate the propagation of attribute information among target instances. Secondly, a box transfer loss function is proposed combined semantic relationship among instances to promote mutual exclusion among instances with significant category attribute bias, thereby constructing better category feature representations. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework compared to other state-of-the-art methods on two popular datasets, PASCAL VOC and MS-COCO.