Serotonin amide with anti‐inflammatory and wound healing properties
Authors: Amorim Jorge Luis , da Silva Moreira Iris Gonçalvez , Rezende Claudia Moraes , Fernandes Patrícia Dias 
Published: June 2021

Some serotonin amides, as N‐behenoyl‐5‐hydroxytryptamine (C22:0‐5‐HT), are present in the surface wax of coffee beans and few studies show their possible biological activity. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory effect of C20:0‐5‐HT in the model of carrageenan‐induced inflammation into the subcutaneous air pouch (SAP), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by PMA‐stimulated leukocytes and MTT cell viability assay healing effect on the contraction model of the lesion in diabetic mice. C22:0‐5‐HT was synthesized by the group of Professor Claudia Rezende, Chemistry Institute, UFRJ. Female Webster mice (20–25g; n= 6–8) received oral administration of C22:0‐5‐HT (0.1, 1, 3 or 10 mg/kg) and were evaluated in model of SAP. Mice received carrageenan injection into the SAP and after 24 h were euthanized and the exsudate from SAP were collected for measurement of cell count. For the evaluation of ROS, leukocytes from the SAP were collected and incubated with C22:0‐5‐HT (0.1, 1 or 3 μM) for 1 h. Cells were incubated with 10 nM phorbol myristate acetate and 2 mM 2′‐7′‐dichlorodihidrofluoescein diacetate. The results were expressed as DCF‐DA fluorescence. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay using RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. For the analysis of healing activity female Webster mice (30–35g, n=10–12) received alloxan (65 mg/kg, iv) and after 7 days were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine. The dorse was trichotomized and an area of 10 mm in diameter was exposed. The animals received topical administration (3 mg/animal) for 14 days and photos were taken on days 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14 to follow the retraction of the lesion. The image was processed in ImageJ program and the results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of the wound area and expressed as arbitrary units (AU). Statistical significance between groups was determined by ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's test (*p<0.05) and the number of the animal research ethical committee is DFBCICB015‐04/16. C22:0‐5‐HT showed anti‐inflammatory activity in the three higher doses tested with reduction on cell migration (vehicle= 60.8 ± 8 × 106 cells/mL versus 61.7 ± 7 × 106 cells/mL, 31.2 ± 6* × 106 cells/mL, 37.1 ± 7* × 106 cells/mL, and 30.4 ± 6* × 106 cells/mL), with the doses of 0.1, 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg, respectively. It was also observed reduction in levels of ROS by PMA‐stimulated leukocytes in all concentrations tested (vehicle= 197,237.4 ± 8 fluorescence versus 98,852.1 ± 9* fluorescence, 87,951.3 ± 8.* fluorescence, 77,932.1 ± 7* fluorescence) and did not reduce the cell viability. Was observed improvement in healing of the treated mice on days 10 and 14 after injury. Naïve: day 0 = 40.1 ± 3.1 AU; 3 = 29.2 ± 5.1 AU; 7 = 13.1 ± 3.4 AU; 10 = 6.1 ± 2.2 AU; 14 = 3.2 ± 1.1 AU; Diabetic mice: day 0 = 41.3 ± 5.1 AU; 3 = 30.2 ± 5.4 AU; 7 = 20.1 ± 4.4 AU; 10 = 13 ± 3.5 AU; 14 = 7.2 ± 2 AU; Diabetic mice C22:0‐5‐HT‐treated (3 mg/animal) day 0 = 37.4 ± 6 AU; 3 = 30.9 ± 4 AU; 7 = 14.1 ± 3 AU; 10 = 2.7 ± 0.9* AU; 14 = 0.3 ± 0.1* AU. The results demonstrate that C22:0‐5‐HT produces anti‐inflammatory and healing effect. The mechanism(s) still under investigation.

Support or Funding Information

This study was financed in part by the CNPq and FAPERJ.

This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.