bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of Lawsonia intracellularis in horses raised in three regions of the state of Paraná, Brazil
Authors:   União de Ensino do Sudoeste do Paraná, Caleffo Tatiane , Dahm Vinicius ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Santos Jéssica Gonçalves dos ,   Iowa State University, Cheng Arthur Colombari ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Faccin Mayane ,   Texas A&M University, Matos Monica Regina de ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Cavasin João Pedro ,   College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Gabardo Michelle de Paula ,   Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, Guedes Roberto Mauricio Carvalho ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Viott Aline de Marco ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná
Published: July 2021

Lawsonia intracellularis is a bacterium already described in several species and most prevalent in pigs, in which it causes enteric problems. Horses can also be affected, developing a disease known as equine proliferative enteropathy, which results from the proliferation of intestinal crypt cells in response to infection by the bacterium. Despite the existence of reports of the disease in several countries, including Brazil, there are still no reports of the disease or epidemiological studies of its occurrence in symptomatic or asymptomatic horses in the state of Paraná. Thus, the present study was conducted to examine the occurrence of L. intracellularis in asymptomatic horses raised in the west, northwest and north regions of Paraná by means of serological testing and the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technique. In the serological approach, the immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) technique was employed. Feces were processed and subjected to qPCR. In total, samples were collected from 162 animals from 20 farms. Of these, 9/162 (5.55%) showed specific antibodies against L. intracellularis. Real-time PCR, on the other hand, identified 7/162 (4.32%) fecal samples positive for the presence of the bacterium. When the techniques were compared, none of the samples was positive by both, demonstrating that, for a better diagnosis, they must be performed together. In contrast to most reports in horses, the present study describes higher serological and molecular occurrence in animals older than two years. These results are of great epidemiological relevance, as they indicate that the bacterium is present in the sampled regions of the state of Paraná. Therefore, the disease must be included in the differential diagnosis of diseases with similar clinical manifestations.
Use of different combinations of enzyme complexes in broiler diets
Authors:   Faculdade de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Santos Neto Lindolfo Dorcino dos , Martins Julyana Machado da Silva ,   Universidade Estadual de Minas Gerais, Carvalho Genilson Bezerra de ,   Faculdade de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Jardim Filho Roberto Moraes ,   São Salvador Alimentos S.A., Stringhini José Henrique ,   Faculdade de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Oliveira Helder Freitas de ,   Faculdade de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Café Marcos Barcellos ,   Faculdade de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás
Published: July 2021

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of “on top” addition of different enzyme complexes, the enzyme α-galactosidase and three sources of the enzyme phytase available on the market, in broiler diets. In the first experiment, 1260 one-day-old Cobb 500® chicks were distributed into seven treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with six replicates and 30 birds/replicate. Treatments consisted of combinations of different enzyme complexes, namely, complex A (phytase, protease, xylanase, ß-glucanase, cellulase, amylase, pectinase), complex B (protease and cellulase) and complex C (xylanase, amylase and protease); isolated α-galactosidase (GAL); and three sources of phytase (P1, P2 and P3) in the diet. The treatments were formulated as follows: T1 - basal diet (BD); T2 - BD + enzyme complex A + enzyme complex B (BDAB); T3 - BDAB + GAL; T4 - BD + complex A + GAL; T5 - BD + complex C + P1 + GAL (BDCG); T6 - BDCG + P2; and T7 - BDCG + P3. The following variables were measured in the experimental period of 42 days: feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), average final weight (AFW), feed conversion (FC), and carcass yield. Significant differences occurred for AFW, WG and FC in the pre-starter phase. In the second experiment, 112 Cobb 500® chicks aged 25 days were distributed into seven treatments in a CRD with four replicates and four birds/replicate. Treatments were the same as in the first experiment. Nutrient digestibility was evaluated in an experimental period of seven days. Differences were found in the metabolism coefficient of ether extract (MCEE). Dietary inclusion of enzyme complexes improves the AFW and WG of chickens from 1 to 7 days of age and MCEE in the grower phase.
Influence of caprine arthritis encephalitis on milk production and quality along the lactation curve in primiparous dairy goats
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Araujo Julcimara Alves , Schultz Erica Beatriz ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Lima Magna Coroa ,   Centro Universitário de Viçosa, Oliveira Rodrigo Vasconcelos de ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rodrigues Marcelo Teixeira ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Krebs Lisia Castro ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Oliveira Raquel Silva de ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Andrade Priscila Bernardo de ,   Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) on the production of milk and its components (protein, fat and total solids) along the lactation curve of primiparous goats. The study was developed using a database from the years 2014 to 2018. Sixty-one animals were subjected to the serological test for CAE, whose result indicated that 42 were seropositive and 19 seronegative, and milk production and quality data were compiled. To adjust the curve for production of milk, fat, protein and total solids during lactation, the following nonlinear model developed by Wood (1967) was used: Y = atb e-ct, where Y represents the observations of milk, fat, protein or total solid production at time t; a is the parameter associated with the initial production; b is the parameter associated with the rate of rise in production until the peak; c is the parameter associated with the rate of decline of the lactation curve; and is the representative time of the day in milk. The parameters were compared by the confidence interval considering 95% probability. Peak production was calculated using the following formula: a(b/c)b e-b. There was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) between seropositive and seronegative primiparous goats for initial production and the rates of rise and decline of the parameters of milk, fat, protein and total solid production. However, at their peak, these variables were 26, 27, 23 and 23% higher, respectively, in the seronegative goats than in their seropositive counterparts. In conclusion, CAE does not affect milk production or the production of fat, protein and total solids along the lactation curve, but seropositive goats produce less milk and respective components at the peak of the lactation curve than seronegative goats.
Forage characteristics and beef cattle production in perennial pastures of BRS Paiaguás and BRS Piatã in integrated crop livestock system
Authors:   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Sekiya Bianca Midori Souza , Lupatini Gelci Carlos ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Andrighetto Cristiana ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Neves Franciely de Oliveira ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Marangoni Guilherme Antônio Oliveira ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Mulero Jeferson ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Lopes Rodrigo Medina ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho
Published: July 2021

The integrated crop-livestock system is highlighted in Brazilian agriculture, in which the synergism between the components can increase productivity and animal performance. Forage is one of the most important components because it is the basis of animal feed. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the beef cattle production and pastures characteristics of Urochloa brizantha ‘BRS Piatã’ and ‘BRS Paiaguás’, under continuous grazing in an integrated crop livestock system. The experiment was conducted in west of Sao Paulo State, in a randomized complete block design with two treatments and three replicates, from October 2018 to June 2019. The treatments were 3-year-old pastures of BRS Piatã and Paiaguás, in an integrated crop livestock system with perennial pasture and soybean. Nellore steers (14 ± 2 months old and 244 ± 13 kg initial weight) were used. The grazing method adopted was a continuous stocking with a variable rate to maintain a pasture height of 30 cm. Herbage mass was 5716 and 5480 kg dry matter ha-1 for Piatã and Paiaguás, respectively. The crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were similar between the two cultivars. The leaf blade mass of BRS Piatã was greater than that of BRS Paiaguás in summer. Animal performance was similar between treatments, with average daily gain of 0.901 and 0.822 kg day-1 and weight gain per area of 888 and 865 kg ha-1 in Piatã and Paiaguás, respectively. The BRS Piatã and BRS Paiaguás grasses are indicated for use in perennial pastures in integrated crop livestock systems.
The Experience of Absorption of New Immigrant Adolescents in the Digital Age, as Perceived by Mentors Who Work With Them From a Social-Emotional Point of View
Authors: Zilka Gila Cohen
Published: July 2021

Immigration of adolescents involves multiple, many-faceted changes. This study examined the experience of absorption of adolescents in Israel, in the digital age, through the eyes of mentors who work with them, from the mentors’ social-emotional perspective of themselves and of their students. In this mixed-method study, 122 mentors completed questionnaires with closed and open-ended questions, and wrote extensively about their difficulties. The findings show that most mentors (66%) worked hard to make their students part of the social fabric. Some of the mentors (34%) encountered problems resulting from misunderstandings and poor communication because of language difficulties and lack of control over pragmatic aspects in a sociocultural context. They strove to raise social awareness in the adolescents through observation, and to provide tools for reading and responding to behaviors, all the while encouraging social involvement. Mentors thought that digital environments helped them and the adolescents in their coping. Thanks to digital environments, especially smartphones, adolescents were able to blend into their new environment. Translation, databases, numerous applications, and groups on social networks respond to their needs and help with difficulties they encounter in real time, creating a sense of social connection and belonging.
Avaliação da Qualidade do Modelo de Features em Linhas de Produtos de Software Utilizando Medidas
Authors: Bezerra Carla I. M. , Monteiro José Maria , Andrade Rossana M. C.
Published: July 2021

Em Linhas de Produto de Software (LPS), a avaliação da qualidade é um fator crítico, pois um erro na linha pode se propagar para diversos produtos. Enquanto o modelo de features é um dos principais artefatos de uma LPS, uma das estratégias existentes para avaliar a qualidade consiste em utilizar medidas para essa avaliação. Sendo assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor um conjunto de medidas para avaliação da qualidade do modelo de features de uma LPS. Inicialmente, as medidas são identificadas a partir de uma ampla revisão bibliográfica e, em seguida, uma especificação detalhada das mesmas é proposta. Essas medidas são então utilizadas para avaliar a qualidade do modelo de features do Mobiline, uma LPS voltada para aplicações móveis e sensíveis ao contexto.
InspSoft 2.0: Um Jogo para o Ensino de Inspeção de Software
Authors: Lopes Adriana , Viana Davi , Rabelo Jacilane , Vieira Andréia , Conte Tayana
Published: July 2021

Inspeção de Software é um processo formal que possui um conjunto de atividades visando garantir a qualidade dos artefatos de software. Para executar tais atividades, são necessários conhecimentos específicos e uma adequada capacitação de profissionais. Uma forma de auxiliar na melhor aprendizagem é através de jogos educacionais. Esses jogos podem facilitar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, reforçando conceitos através da prática. Desta forma, este artigo apresenta o jogo InspSoft 2.0 que apoia na aprendizagem de Inspeção de Software. Adicionalmente, são descritos os resultados de avaliações que permitiram verificar questões relacionadas ao aprendizado através do jogo.
Aplicando Controle Estatístico de Processo em Projetos Evolutivos de Pequeno Tamanho: Resultados e Lições Aprendidas na Implementação do Nível 5 do CMMI-DEV na Synapsis
Authors: Simões Carlos , Montoni Mariano , Silva Jaqueline , Anginho Thiago , Barbosa Vanessa
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o caminho adotado pela Synapsis para implementar as áreas de processo do nível 5 do CMMI-DEV em projetos evolutivos de pequeno tamanho. Também serão discutidos os resultados alcançados com a adoção de controle estatístico de processo em mais de 20 projetos, além das lições aprendidas na condução com sucesso de uma avaliação SCAMPI A do nível 5 do CMMI-DEV.
Uma avaliação da abordagem TDD (Test Driven Development) em uma empresa desenvolvedora de software madura
Authors: Ribeiro Samira , Albuquerque Adriano , Filho Leodércio , Júnior Lobo , Régia Sandra , Cavalcante Niedja
Published: July 2021

Projetos de desenvolvimento de software buscam cada vez mais identificar o máximo possível de erros antes da entrega final do produto para o cliente, visando diminuir os seus custos com a manutenção do software. Este trabalho utiliza os resultados obtidos em dois projetos (um projeto que utilizou TDD e outro projeto que não utilizou TDD) para indicar que o uso de TDD pode resultar em projetos com um número menor de falhas. Para sustentar sua indicação em favor do TDD, o trabalho explora dois indicadores, densidade de defeitos em teste sistêmicos e cobertura de testes unitários.
Estruturando Desenvolvimento de Software como um Serviço de TI: Uma Experiência Prática
Authors: Kalinowski Marcos , Reinehr Sheila
Published: July 2021

Em ambientes organizacionais envolvendo sistemas em produção nem sempre é possível prever as demandas de desenvolvimento que irão surgir. Neste cenário, torna-se um diferencial para fornecedores estruturar-se para prestar serviços capazes de tratar estas demandas, respeitando, tanto o volume, quanto a prioridade de atendimento. Neste artigo é relatada a experiência de estruturar o desenvolvimento de software na forma de prestação de um serviço de TI que atenda a um acordo de nível de serviço (SLA) estabelecido com o cliente para atender às suas necessidades. Serão apresentadas a visão externa, por meio dos aspectos contratuais, e a visão interna, por meio dos controles gerenciais utilizados para assegurar o atendimento do SLA.
TestCheck – Uma Abordagem Baseada em Checklist para Inspecionar Artefatos de Teste de Software
Authors: Brito Jardelane , Dias Neto Arilo Claudio
Published: July 2021

A qualidade dos testes aplicados em um projeto de software é um fator determinante para a qualidade do produto final. Diversas estratégias podem ser aplicadas para avaliação da sua qualidade. Uma delas é garantir a qualidade dos artefatos produzidos ao longo do processo de testes. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma dissertação de mestrado onde foi desenvolvida uma abordagem baseada em checklist, TestCheck, para inspeção de artefatos de teste de software (planos, casos e procedimentos de teste). Para avaliar a abordagem proposta, foram realizados três estudos experimentais. Eles analisaram e indicaram a eficácia, eficiência e amadurecimento da abordagem proposta em relação à detecção de defeitos em artefatos de teste.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants on Human Standard Bacteria and Candida albicans
Authors: Fazeli-Nasab Bahman , Rahmani Ahmad Farid , Valizadeh Moharram , Khajeh Hamideh , Beigomi Maryam
Published: July 2021

Background: Continuous and indiscriminate use of chemical drugs causes resistance to microorganisms, which in turn weakens the effect of drugs. This adverse event is associated with an increased number of drugs used by patients and the tendency to use compounds with newer and stronger formulations. Furthermore, the essential oils of several plants contain a significant inhibitory effect on pathogenic microorganisms. Objectives: Hence, the current study intended to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants on some standard human pathogenic bacteria and Candida albicans fungi isolated from women. Methods: Leaves of Cichorium intybus L., Hypericum perforatum L., Lavandula angustifolia, Thymus vulgaris L., and Taxus baccata L. were collected and analyzed in the botanical laboratory of the University of Zabol. Then, the ethanolic extract was prepared using 40 g of dried leaves in 400 cc of ethanol. Standard bacteria and fungi were obtained from the center for genetic and biological resources of Iran. To determine the activity of free radical trapping, diphenylpicryl hydrazyl was used, and then the antimicrobial effects were investigated by diffusion method in Müller-Hinton agar medium using 6 mm paper disks according to the Bauer and Kirby instructions. Statistical calculations were administered using Statistx Ver10. Mean comparisons were performed using the LSD at the 1% level, and Excel was also used to draw the shapes. Results: The diameter of the inhibitory zone of plant extracts against standard bacteria and clinical fungi of Candida albicans at a dilution of 100 ppm was analyzed, which revealed different effects (P < 0.01). Taxus baccata L., with a 15 mm diameter growth zone, showed the highest effect on inhibiting the growth of Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hypericum perforatum L. with a diameter of 15 mm was found as the most useful plant in inhibiting Shigella dysentery., with a diameter of 10 mm, was the most useful plant in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli. The Taxus baccata L., with a maximum growth inhibition zone diameter (20 mm), has been the most effective plant against Candida albicans. Conclusions: Considering the side effects of chemical drugs and antibiotics as well as the significant effect of medicinal plant extracts used in this study, the Taxus baccata L. was the most useful plant on inhibiting Candida albicans, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, Hypericum perforatum L. was found as the most useful plant to control the growth of Escherichia coli.
Once a Known Veterinary Pathogen, Now a Forgotten Zoonosis. Case Report of An Invasive Staphylococcus intermedius Group Infection
Authors: Ubiergo Lucia Ines , Castro Maximiliano Gabriel
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG), a known veterinary pathogen with the potential for zoonotic human infections, comprises S. intermedius, S. pseudintermedius, and S. delphini, which are not easily distinguishable. Without the proper equipment and procedures, it cannot be distinguished from Staphylococcus aureus (SAu), which causes underestimation of its true incidence. Case Presentation: A 52-year-old male with diabetes presented with complaints of fever and malaise. He developed respiratory failure and altered mental status; hence, intensive care was provided to him. Blood cultures and bronchoalveolar lavage culture developed methicillin-resistant SIG. Despite rapid adjustment of empiric antibiotic therapy, he died of multiple organ failure. Conclusions: Incorporating knowledge about this new pathogen and its aggressiveness into daily clinical practice can, through a high index of suspicion and detailed anamnesis, reduce misdiagnoses.
Comparing Mathieu and Tubularized Incised-Plate Urethroplasties for Repairing Distal Penile Hypospadias: A Single-Center Experience with Long-term Outcome
Authors: Mohajerzadeh Leily , Dooghaie Moghadam Arash , Khaleghnejad Tabari Ahmad , Rouzrokh Mohsen , Moghimi Nadiya
Published: July 2021

Background: Hypospadias is a congenital anomaly on the penis, in which the meatal orifice opens ventrally and proximal to the tip of the penis. In this regard, two common treatment methods are tubularized incised-plate urethroplasty (TIP) and the Mathieu incised-plate (MIP) technique. The present study aimed to compare the early and long-term outcomes of TIP and MIP among patients with distal penile hypospadias. Objectives: The study was also to evaluate the postoperative functional outcome of hypospadias over a long-term follow-up. Methods: Fifty-nine patients were randomly selected and assigned to two groups (TIP (n = 31) and MIP (n = 28)). Demographic information, preoperative findings, and postoperative complications were collected from the two groups. The Hypospadias Objective Scoring evaluation (HOSE) questionnaire and uroflowmetry were obtained to evaluate the long-term outcome of hypospadias repair. Results: The success rates of the surgical TIP and MIP techniques were 71.0% and 82.1%, respectively. Postoperative complications in the TIP group were three (9.7%) distal UCF and four (12.9%) meatal stenosis. In the MIP group, two (7.1%) and three (10.7%) patients suffered from distal UCF and meatal stenosis, respectively. Moreover, 89.3% of the patients in the MIP group and 80% of the patients in the TIP group had acceptable HOSE. Regarding the uroflow rates in the MIP group, 12% and 58% of the participants were below the 5th percentile and above the 25th percentile, respectively. Concerning the uroflow rates of TIP, 32% of the patients were below the 5th percentile, and 18% of the participants were above 25th percentile. Conclusions: Although there have been some reports on the superiority of TIP, we found these two techniques at approximately equal levels with a slightly higher success rate for the MIP regarding the early outcomes. With the exception of the long-term outcomes in cosmetic and functional evaluation, MIP is superior to TIP.
Expiation without Blood: An Essay on Substitution and the Trauma of Goodness in Levinas
Authors: de Warren Nicolas ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

The aim of this article is to develop a novel interpretation of the significance of trauma and substitution in Levinas’s ethical thinking in light of the problem of temporality, language, and the question of what it means to be a created being. With an emphasis on Levinas’s style of writing, the intersections of Derrida, Husserl, and Freud in his thinking, and the “two-times” of traumatic temporality, the argument of this article seeks to understand how responsibility for the other is crystallized through the trauma of the Goodness and expiation for the impossibility of enduring its unforgiving demand.
Digital literacy and foreign language learning
Authors: Vidosavljević Milena
Published: July 2021

Modern language teaching is oriented towards the use of new technologies, and in this regard it is necessary to work on the development of digital literacy, both for students and teachers. Knowing how to find, select, analyze and adequately use digital information are important segments of digital literacy. In this regard, in foreign language teaching, digitally literate teachers and students can further contribute to their own development, learning and acquisition of foreign languages. With the help of digital literacy, students are able to use digital tools, digital information as well as create online projects in foreign languages. However, in order for students to adequately work on their tasks in an online environment, teacher moderators are needed who strive for continuous improvement in this field, who cultivate positive attitudes towards the use of new technologies and recognize their pedagogical value. Therefore, the focus of this paper is, first, on defining the concept of digital literacy, on pointing out the connection between digital literacy and learning and teaching foreign languages, on student work and the role of teachers in the digital environment, as well as on research results.
Psychosocial development and attachment in late adolescence
Authors: Lelek Aleksandra , Klikovac Tamara
Published: July 2021

The study deals with the relationship between psychosocial development and attachment in late adolescence. The aim is to examine the relationship between the success in resolving the crises of psychosocial development and attachment dimensions and to investigate the differences between attachment styles with respect to the success in resolving the crises of psychosocial development. The Questionnaire for Attachment Assessment, II revision (UPIPAV-R) and The Modified Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory (MEPSI) were applied on the sample of 212 students (aged 2026) of faculties and colleges situated in Belgrade. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between attachment dimensions and the success in resolving tasks of psychosocial development, with three significantly connected pairs of structures between two sets of variables. The securely attached adolescents were significantly and consistently more successful in resolving the crises of psychosocial development in comparison with the insecurely attached adolescents. They also showed a higher level of general psychosocial matureness. Significant differences in resolving the crises of psychosocial development were obtained between adolescents with different forms of insecure attachment. Based on the success in resolving the crises of psychosocial development, 59.4% of respondents were classified in the original attachment group, including: 76.6% with secure attachment, 57.1% with preoccupied, 56.6% with dismissing and 41.3% with fearful attachment.
Evaluation of the internal structure of the Serbian version of the Big five questionnaire for children and the development of a short form (SBFQ-C-29): A preliminary study
Authors: Popov Stanislava , Sokić Jelena , Radović Danijela
Published: July 2021

The personality characteristics of children and adolescents explained by the Big Five model have been studied much less than the personality characteristics of adults. One of the rare self-assessment personality instruments for the preadolescent and adolescent age is the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-C). The aim of this study is an evaluation and presentation of the latent structure and some psychometrical characteristics of the BFQ-C in the Serbian language. The sample consisted of 881 participants (54% female) who attended the final grades of primary and the initial grades of secondary schools (M=14 years, SD = .99). The original model, previously addressed across different cultures and languages, was tested through CFA. The hypothesized model did not obtain satisfactory fit indices. Following these results, the sample was randomly divided into two datasets. We opted for further exploration of the Serbian version of BFQ-C's latent structure and the development of its shorter version. The final result is the 29-item questionnaire solution (SBFQ-C-29), with loadings on five factors with satisfactory internal consistency, homogeneity, and adequacy, consistent with the previous studies addressing different cultures and languages.
Public buildings of architect Milan Zloković: Affirmation of modern architecture in Serbia
Authors: Panić Vanja
Published: July 2021

This article is conceived as a contribution to the study and understanding of modern architecture in Serbia and Yugoslavia in the period between the two world wars. The subject of this study is the architectural practice of architect Milan Zloković, one of the most important actors of architectural modernism in the forthcoming period. The focus of research is Zloković work on the design and implementation of public buildings with emphasis on the four objects: Hotel "Žiča" in Mataruška Banja (1931-1932), Building Children's University Clinic in Belgrade (1933-1936/1940), Building Elementary School in Jagodina (1937-1940) and FIAT Automobile Building Service in Belgrade (1939-1940). This phase of Milan Zloković practise is distinguished by authentic character of the author in the study of geometric forms, proportional analysis, applied materials and construction, all in new forms of organization of space in the spirit of modern architecture postulates.
Caravan collectives: Urban ecological exile in militant marginal spaces
Authors: Romanienko Lisiunia
Published: July 2021

The vehemence with which poverty persists in new EU states presents significant challenges for those interested in housing advocacy for the urban disadvantaged. post-Communist states like Poland have inherited an unenviable legacy of dilapidated Communist block housing presenting contemporary conditions that include concentrations of violent crime, an assault upon aesthetic sensibilities, and severe impediments for sustainable living. Other housing alternatives are the massive residential construction projects underway by foreign developers, resulting in false scarcity and spiraling costs. In response to these deleterious conditions, anarchist activists with a penchant for ecological living have advanced another alternative to the housing crisis through mobile architectural anarchy1. By recycling mobile architecture in the form of abandoned retro-fitted train wagons and traveling in small materially-unencumbered communities, these groups or caravans tend to informally settle or squat in peripheral, discarded environmental areas in cities to advance self-sufficient sustainable lifestyles known as urban homesteading2 . These migrant housing pioneers, known as the new hobos3 , have embraced their subaltern status, accepted their identity as stateless citizens in permanent exile and advanced nonhierarchical sustainable lifestyles. The analysis will provide a case study of participatory observation at Poland's eco anarchist caravan collective, describe barriers to collective action, and frame the phenomenon in light of the utility of marginal territorial squatting to inspire European housing policy to expand this egalitarian housing solution for cities in the future.
Cuatro cerámicas con epigrafía árabe del Museu de Borriana
Authors: Barceló Carmen , Labarta Ana , Benedito Nuez Josep , Melchor Monserrat José Manuel
Published: July 2021

En este trabajo se da a conocer una muestra de las más destacadas cerámicas de época almohade que se conservan en el Museo Arqueológico de Borriana y que proceden de excavaciones arqueológicas realizadas en la ciudad y su entorno. Se presta especial atención a la decoración epigráfica pintada o incisa sobre la arcilla fresca y la estampillada. Del análisis de su decoración epigráfica se ha extraído información de notable interés que complementa aquella directamente derivada del análisis tipológico.
Las finanzas de un heredero: Carlos de Aragón y Navarra (1421-1461)
Authors: Miranda Menacho Vera Cruz
Published: July 2021

El propósito de este estudio es entender el funcionamiento de las finanzas, la gestión del patrimonio y los recursos de un príncipe heredero, Carlos de Aragón y de Navarra (1421-1461). Las particulares circunstancias políticas y personales marcaron inevitablemente su situación económica, los diversos escenarios y contextos de su trayecto vital le exigieron adoptar mecanismos financieros con el fin de obtener ingresos y recursos que permitieran su mantenimiento y el de su corte, desde la petición de préstamos, la petición de donativos y préstamos a las instituciones, los créditos y los empeños.
El Archivo de los Mariscales de Castilla y Marqueses de Malagón
Authors: González Antonio Sánchez
Published: July 2021

Una rama de la familia Saavedra, que ejerció en la Edad Media el oficio de mariscales de Castilla en la frontera con el reino de Granada, resurge en la Edad Moderna cuando la dignidad se transfiere a los Pardo Tavera, que compran a la Corona dos antiguas encomiendas como dominios estables, caso de Malagón que en 1599 fue erigido en marquesado. Estos marqueses entroncaron después, a partir del siglo XVII, con otras casas nobiliarias peninsulares, pasando su Archivo a incorporarse sucesivamente, primero en el siglo XVIII, al de los duques de Santisteban del Puerto y, definitivamente en 1818, al de los duques de Medinaceli. El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer el Archivo de mariscales de Castilla y marqueses de Malagón, desde su formación hasta nuestros días, tratando de sus escrituras, de su organización documental y su disposición actual, para facilitar el camino a futuras investigaciones sobre estos fondos. Para ello, metodológicamente, no solo hemos trabajado en el fondo documental conservado en el Archivo Ducal de Medinaceli aquí objeto de estudio, revisando sus inventarios y analizando las marcas dorsales de cada pieza documental, sino también en la documentación de referencia que se conserva en otros Archivos.
Rationes y decimas: evidencias sobre la gestión de las sernas en el siglo XI en el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Gómez Gómez Javier , Martín Viso Iñaki
Published: July 2021

Las sernas constituyen uno de los principales espacios comunales altomedievales, pero su definición resulta esquiva. Dada la diversidad de cultivos, la clave debe encontrarse en las formas de organización y gestión. El artículo analiza cuatro casos de estudio situados en diferentes localidades del valle del Duero (Viñayo, Valdesaz de los Oteros y Villasinta de Torío) y en el actual norte de Portugal (Arouca). La evidencia prueba la existencia de un modelo basado en dos niveles de propiedad. Por un lado y en un nivel superior, una autoridad encargada de velar por la salvaguarda y el correcto uso de las sernas, actuando como árbitro en caso de conflicto o como defensor en caso de amenaza. Por otro lado, y en un nivel inferior, se encontrarían los derechos de acceso de las comunidades, los cuales permitían el aprovechamiento familiar de las diferentes unidades de explotación en las que podían estar divididas las sernas, probablemente a cambio de algún tipo de censo. Finalmente se vincula las sernas y su control con la noción de «economía moral» y las formas de legitimación del dominio social.
Las profesiones femeninas de la nobleza y de las oligarquías urbanas en la castilla bajomedieval. Causas, dinámicas, privilegios y donaciones
Authors: Prieto Sayagués Juan Antonio
Published: July 2021

Durante la Baja Edad Media numerosas mujeres de la nobleza y de las oligarquías urbanas tomaron el hábito en algún monasterio. Se analizan las causas y dinámicas de estas profesiones, los diferentes comportamientos de las damas de dichos estamentos y las dotes, donaciones y privilegios que recibieron muchas de ellas. Estos últimos permitieron a varias religiosas tener criadas, disponer de bienes propios o reducir los límites de la clausura, surgiendo problemas en numerosas ocasiones derivados de las dotes y donaciones realizadas por los familiares de la monja en cuestión.
Una máquina para la industria medieval. Los batanes del sur valenciano: integración y negocio. Nuevas aportaciones (1490-1502)
Authors: Llibrer Escrig Antoni
Published: July 2021

El artículo tiene como objetivo el estudio de la región batanera de las comarcas del sur valenciano a través de nuevas aportaciones documentales. A lo largo del siglo XV y principios del siglo XVI, en las comarcas de la Vall d’Albaida, el Comtat y Alcoià el número de batanes hidráulicos aumentó hasta los 38 molinos en funcionamiento. El artículo muestra las causas de esta concentración, explica las características técnicas que aportan los documentos, y la adaptación de los batanes al conjunto de la red molinar de la zona. El trabajo concluye explicando los sectores sociales y económicos (artesanos empresarios) que organizaron y protagonizaron este desarrollo técnico e industrial, aportando ejemplos directos de las fuentes mediante análisis prosopográficos.
Peligros, inseguridades y problemas del viajero visigodo
Authors: Argüelles Álvarez Patricia A.
Published: July 2021

Las siguientes páginas ofrecen una visión de conjunto sobre las preocupaciones que el viajero tardoantiguo sufriría a la hora de emprender un viaje. Los caminos estaban llenos de problemas, ya fuera por la dureza de las jornadas o por posibles ataques violentos. A través del análisis de fuentes escritas, y prestando particular atención a la hagiografía medieval y al examen de la regulación viaria tardorromana, descubrimos la necesidad de proteger al viajero mediante la codificación de delitos que castigasen a los delincuentes. Aun así, tal y como reflejan las fuentes, no se erradicará dicha situación, pues existen numerosos ejemplos de salteadores de caminos que hacían peligrar la seguridad del viajero visigodo.
Reseña de: Da Silva, Marcelo Cândido, História Medieval
Authors: Améndolla Spínola Diego Carlo
Published: July 2021

Reseña de: Da Silva, Marcelo Cândido, História Medieval, São Paulo, Editora Contexto, 2019, 158 p. ISBN 978-85-520-0138-6
El aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales: la grana en Andalucía occidental durante el siglo XV
Authors: Martín Gutiérrez Emilio
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se estudia el aprovechamiento de la grana en Andalucía Occidental durante el siglo XV. El valor de la grana, que sirve para obtener el preciado color rojo para teñir lanas y sedas, permite reflexionar sobre la conexión existente entre los ecosistemas donde se recogía este recurso natural, los campesinos, la gobernanza de las ciudades y pueblos y el interés del mercado.
Santa Brigida ed il Monte Gargano: un paesaggio dell’anima. La descrizione dell’ambiente come stratagemma d’ammaestramento morale
Authors: Di Cosmo Antonio Pio
Published: July 2021

L’extravagantes delle Revelationes coelestes di Santa Brigida narra l’ascesa al Monte Gargano. Questo testo racconta un episodio della vita di Brigida e invia un preciso messaggio ai lettori, mentre opera su diversi livelli: il simbolico, il narrativo ed il teologico. Pertanto, la descrizione del paesaggio, proposta da Santa Brigida, rappresenta piuttosto un paesaggio dell’anima. L’ambiente è però dipinto con colori foschi e non rimanda alla realtà. L’esposizione culmina nella visione angelica nella grotta di San Michele. Qui gli angeli giustificano il decadimento generale con la corruzione morale delle popolazioni locali. Sicché si può ritenere che la descrizione del paesaggio del Gargano costituisce piuttosto un ammaestramento morale. Un espediente di successo dunque, che trasmette messaggi incisivi.
Seisenes y novenes. Tiempos de calma para la moneda castellano-leonesa (1282-1312)
Authors: Oliva Manso Gonzalo
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo pretende hacer una revisión de las políticas monetarias implementadas en Castilla durante los casi treinta años que comprenden los reinados de Sancho IV y Fernando IV. Las fuentes escritas ofrecen un gran número de datos dispersos en diplomas, pero también documentos completos dedicados a esta cuestión que nos ofrecen una visión bastante completa de los sistemas monetarios vigentes en esos años. El único cambio monetario acaecido en cada reinado se produjo al principio del mismo, casi un calco de lo que sucedió en tiempos de Fernando III. La nueva moneda emitida en cada momento era un medio para reafirmarse en el trono a la vez que una fuente legítima de ingresos. A partir de este momento ambos soberanos respetaron el compromiso asumido con sus súbditos y no introdujeron ninguna novedad importante. Estos pequeños retoques se hicieron a través de medidas indirectas: limitaciones a la exportación, desmonetización de emisiones previas y alteraciones en las relaciones de cambio.
Una inscripción medieval inédita en la iglesia de San Miguel de Aguayo (Cantabria)
Authors: Peña Fernández Alberto , García Alonso Manuel
Published: July 2021

Recientemente se ha descubierto en la iglesia parroquial de San Miguel de Aguayo (Cantabria), durante el transcurso de unos trabajos de reparo de la techumbre del edificio, una inscripción medieval inédita de la tipología monumentum fundationis, fechada en el año 1173, que fue reutilizada como material constructivo durante la edificación del templo actual en el siglo XVII. En este artículo se aborda la edición crítica del epígrafe atendiendo a sus caracteres formales, génesis, tradición y conservación,  y su contexto arqueológico e histórico, en base a los testimonios materiales y documentales conocidos. Su análisis integral y relacionado, nos permite afirmar que nos encontramos muy probablemente ante la inscripción fundacional de la antigua iglesia de San Miguel de Aguayo, cuyo emplazamiento anterior se localizaría en el sitio donde actualmente se conservan algunos restos arquitectónicos de la ermita de San Cristóbal, para levantarse unos siglos después en su ubicación actual.
NFIQ 2 NIST fingerprint image quality
Authors: Tabassi Elham , Olsen Martin , Bausinger Oliver , Busch Christoph , Figlarz Andrew , Fiumara Gregory , Henniger Olaf , Merkle Johannes , Ruhland Timo , Schiel Christopher , Schwaiger Michael
Published: July 2021

NIST Fingerprint Image Quality (NFIQ 2) is open source software that links image quality of optical and ink 500 pixel per inch fingerprints to operational recognition performance. This allows quality values to be tightly defined and then numerically calibrated, which in turn allows for the standardization needed to support a worldwide deployment of fingerprint sensors with universally interpretable image qualities. NFIQ 2 quality features are formally standardized as part of ISO/IEC 29794-4 and serve as the reference implementation of the standard.
Lycurgue enlacé par la vigne
Authors: Luccioni Pascal
Published: July 2021

Un rapide coup d’oeil à la culture populaire des comics tend à montrer qu’on n’y était pas souvent transformé en plante (peut-être est-ce en train de changer). Au contraire, les mythes grecs donnent beaucoup d’exemples de ces métamorphoses. Cette différence dans les modes de transformation est-elle liée à une particularité ontologique, à une particularité dans le rapport à l’intériorité de la plante comme Autre ? Il nous semble plutôt que c’est une matérialité commune qui permet la transformation. Ce qui signale cette propriété commune à tout le vivant, c’est entre autres un même comportement en présence de chaleur, ce qu’on appelle la « coction » (pepsis), une lente cuisson qui affecte tant les plantes que les animaux et que nous voyons se développer depuis la Collection hippocratique, à travers l’aristotélisme, jusqu’à la médecine de l’époque impériale. Corroborent cette notion d’un « opérateur chimique universel » tant les liens entre animaux et végétaux dans le pharmakon que le rôle important joué par les lianes dans l’imaginaire de l’Antiquité, à la fois comme ornement végétal (couronne), comme remède et comme aliment printanier. Tout ceci nous conduit sur le chemin d’une compréhension du végétal qui est bien éloignée de la nôtre et qui, au moins quand il s’agit de percevoir comment il est dans le temps, semble parfois plus riche.
Entre « silence » et expression
Authors: Tan Gillian G. , Kerbiriou Anne-Hélène
Published: July 2021

Les éleveurs nomades du plateau tibétain sont connus pour leur mode de vie axé sur l’élevage et leurs relations avec les animaux qui en découlent, principalement les yacks. Lorsqu’il s’agit des plantes, l’attention des chercheurs tend à se concentrer sur les aspects pratiques de la vie, à savoir les animaux domestiques, le régime alimentaire et la médecine. De ce point de vue, les éleveurs du Tibet ont une grande variété d’interactions avec des plantes qui non seulement apportent un complément à leur existence sur le plateau, mais leur permettent de la poursuivre. En dépit de cette attention et de ces connaissances pragmatiques, les nomades tibétains entretiennent d’autres relations avec des plantes, qualifiées de « sacrées » d’un côté et de « créatives » de l’autre. Les plantes sont sacrées — et par conséquent ne doivent pas être utilisées — lorsqu’elles poussent près des sources considérées comme la demeure des lu, créatures des eaux serpentiformes, et lorsque la plante elle-même est reconnue comme sacrée. Certaines plantes sont aussi le support de l’expression créative lorsque, par exemple, les femmes et les enfants se lancent dans des interactions et des activités imaginatives avec certains types de fleurs. Ces interactions moins soulignées avec les plantes élargissent notre compréhension des relations entre les nomades et les plantes sur le plateau tibétain, ces relations allant au-delà de ce qui est simplement utile ou nécessaire.
Culture du manioc au Congo-Kinshasa
Authors: Mboka Ingoli Jean-Claude
Published: July 2021

D’une extrémité à l’autre du paysage Maringa-Lopori-Wamba, au nord-ouest du Congo-Kinshasa, les agriculteurs bongando et mongo cultivent le manioc dans les champs familiaux aménagés à la lisière des plantations abandonnées d’héritage colonial. Par le biais de ces écologies simplifiées aujourd’hui en résurgence, différentes expériences nous guident vers des possibilités de vie du manioc cohabitant avec d’autres organismes humains et non humains. Dès l’aménagement de l’espace à cultiver et jusqu’à la plantation des boutures, des formes d’attachement, sous forme d’alliances et de liens affectifs, s’instaurent entre les humains et le manioc ainsi qu’avec tous les autres êtres visibles et invisibles, potentiellement engagés dans le devenir du cultigène. Les humains s’entourent d’alliés de la vie, ancêtres et génies, et de forces latentes, animales et végétales, qu’ils peuvent éveiller par un usage adéquat de la parole. D’un village à l’autre, la culture du manioc est un enchevêtrement de formes de vie qui fait entrer les humains dans un mouvement continu de vie, en développant une proximité affective avec les plantes et en s’harmonisant avec d’autres lignes de vie, selon divers mouvements rythmiques destinés à les connaître et à les approcher.
« Elle sera donc odeur de rose, d’oeillet, de jasmin, de violette »
Authors: Bertrand Aliènor
Published: July 2021

Cet article a pour but de montrer comment l’attention au végétal a été au coeur de l’une des contestations historiques les plus fortes du régime de séparation dualiste des Modernes. L’oeuvre d’Étienne Bonnot de Condillac combine ainsi un déplacement majeur de l’attention métaphysique aux plantes, de l’oeil à l’odeur, avec une enquête générale sur l’origine du langage. Cette combinaison érige les formes de la sensibilité en condition de l’institution. Le repérage de cette combinaison permet d’engager un dialogue avec l’oeuvre de Philippe Descola concernant la matrice ontologique générative des collectifs. Ce chemin de Condillac à Descola et retour n’est pas spéculatif : il s’enracine dans la mémoire affective de l’odeur des fleurs, qui sert ici de point archimédien au renversement du dualisme. Reste alors à savoir comment les plantes contribuent à l’institution des collectifs ou, au contraire, y résistent.