bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Version 2 of the global catalogue of large anthropogenic and volcanic SO2 sources and emissions derived from satellite measurements
Authors: Fioletov Vitali E. , McLinden Chris A. , Griffin Debora , Abboud Ihab , Krotkov Nickolay , Leonard Peter J. T. , Li Can , Joiner Joanna , Theys Nicolas , Carn Simon
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) measurements from the Ozone
Monitoring Instrument (OMI), Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS), and
TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) satellite spectrometers were
used to update and extend the previously developed global catalogue of large
SO2 emission sources. This version 2 of the global catalogue covers the
period of 2005–2021 and includes a total of 759 continuously emitting point
sources releasing from about 10 kt yr−1 to more than 4000 kt yr−1
of SO2, that have been identified and grouped by country and primary
source origin: volcanoes (106 sources); power plants (477); smelters (74);
and sources related to the oil and gas industry (102). There are several
major improvements compared to the original catalogue: it combines emissions
estimates from three satellite instruments instead of just OMI, uses a new
version 2 of the OMI and OMPS SO2 dataset, and updated consistent
site-specific air mass factors (AMFs) are used to calculate SO2 vertical
column densities (VCDs). The newest TROPOMI SO2 data processed with
the Covariance-Based Retrieval Algorithm (COBRA), used in the catalogue, can
detect sources with emissions as low as 8 kt yr−1 (in 2018–2021)
compared to the 30 kt yr−1 limit for OMI. In general, there is an
overall agreement within ±12 % in total emissions estimated from
the three satellite instruments for large regions. For individual emission
sources, the spread is larger: the annual emissions estimated from OMI and
TROPOMI agree within ±13 % in 50 % of cases and within ±28 % in 90 % of cases. The version 2 catalogue emissions were calculated
as a weighted average of emission estimates from the three satellite
instruments using an inverse-variance weighting method. OMI, OMPS, and
TROPOMI data contribute 7 %, 5 %, and 88 % to the average, respectively,
for small (<30 kt yr−1) sources and 33 %, 20 %, and 47 %,
respectively, for large (>300 kt yr−1) sources. The catalogue
data show an approximate 50 % decline in global SO2 emissions between
2005 and 2021, although emissions were relatively stable during the last 3 years. The version 2 of the global catalogue has been posted at the NASA
global SO2 monitoring website (https://doi.org/10.5067/MEASURES/SO2/DATA406, Fioletov et al., 2022).
SedTrace 1.0: a Julia-based framework for generating and running reactive-transport models of marine sediment diagenesis specializing in trace elements and isotopes
Authors: Du Jianghui
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) are important tools in studying ocean biogeochemistry. Understanding their modern ocean budgets and using their sedimentary records to reconstruct paleoceanographic conditions require mechanistic understanding of the diagenesis of TEIs, yet the lack of appropriate modeling tools has limited our ability to perform such research. Here we introduce SedTrace, a modeling framework that can be used to generate reactive-transport code for modeling marine sediment diagenesis and assist model simulation using advanced numerical tools in Julia. SedTrace enables mechanistic TEI modeling by providing flexible tools of pH and speciation modeling, which are essential in studying TEI diagenesis. SedTrace is designed to solve one particular challenge facing the users of diagenetic models: existing models are usually case-specific and not easily adaptable for new problems, such that the user has to choose between modifying published code and writing their own code, both of which demand strong coding skills. To lower this barrier, SedTrace can generate diagenetic models only requiring the user to supply Excel spreadsheets containing necessary model information. The resulting code is clearly structured and readable, and is integrated with Julia’s differential equation solving ecosystems, utilizing tools such as automatic differentiation, sparse numerical methods, Newton-Krylov solvers and preconditioner. This allows efficient solution of large systems of stiff diagenetic equations. We demonstrate the capacity of SedTrace using case studies of modeling the diagenesis of pH, radiogenic and stable isotopes of TEIs.
Assimilating CryoSat-2 freeboard to improve Arctic sea ice thickness estimates
Authors: Sievers Imke , Rasmussen Till A. S. , Stenseng Lars
Published: January 2023

Abstract. In this study, a new method to assimilate satellite radar altimetry derived freeboard instead of sea ice thickness is presented with the goal of improving the initial state of sea ice thickness predictions in the Arctic. In order to quantify the improvement in sea ice thickness gained by assimilating freeboard, we compare three different model runs. One reference run (refRun), one that assimilates only SIC (sicRun) and one that assimilates both SIC and FB (fbRun). It is shown that, estimates for both SIC and FB can be improved by assimilation, but only the fbRun improved the sea ice thickness estimates. The resulting sea ice thickness is evaluated by comparing it to Alfred Wegener Institute's (AWI) weekly CryoSat-2 sea ice thickness data product, which is based on the same FB observations as were assimilated in this study. It is shown that the sea ice thickness from the fbRun is closer to the traditional CryoSat-2 sea ice thickness than sea ice thickness from refRun or sicRun. Additionally, we compare independent sea ice draft measurements from the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project to both fbRun sea ice thickness and observed CryoSat-2 sea ice thickness. This comparison shows that our new method provides equally good results as the AWI weekly CryoSat-2 product; in two of three locations even better results.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of actual eroded wind turbine blades
Authors: Vimalakanthan Kisorthman , van der Mijle Meijer Harald , Bakhmet Iana , Schepers Gerard
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Leading edge erosion (LEE) is one of the most critical degradation mechanisms that occur with wind turbine blades (WTBs), generally starting from the tip section of the blade. A detailed understanding of the LEE process and the impact on aerodynamic performance due to the damaged leading edge (LE) is required to select the most appropriate leading edge protection (LEP) system and optimize blade maintenance. Providing accurate modeling tools is therefore essential. This paper presents a two-part study investigating computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling approaches for different orders of magnitudes in erosion damage. The first part details the flow transition modeling for eroded surfaces with roughness on the order of 0.1–0.2 mm, while the second part focuses on a novel study modeling high-resolution scanned LE surfaces from an actual blade with LEE damage on the order of 10–20 mm (approx. 1 % chord); 2D and 3D surface-resolved Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) CFD models have been applied to investigate wind turbine blade sections in the Reynolds number (Re) range of 3–6 million. From the first part, the calibrated CFD model for modeling flow transition accounting for roughness shows good agreement of the aerodynamic forces for airfoils with leading-edge roughness heights on the order of 140–200 µm while showing poor agreement for smaller roughness heights on the order of 100 µm. Results from the second part of the study indicate that up to a 3.3 % reduction in annual energy production (AEP) can be expected when the LE shape is degraded by 0.8 % of the chord, based on the NREL5MW turbine. The results also suggest that under fully turbulent conditions, the degree of eroded LE shapes studied in this work show the minimal effect on the aerodynamic performances, which results in a negligible difference to AEP.
Sermaye Piyasası Araçları ile Kalkınma ve Yatırım Bankalarının Performansları Üzerine Bir İncele
Authors: AKKAYNAK Bilal
Published: January 2023

Yatırım ve kalkınma bankaları bir ülkede finansal sistemin önemli unsurlarındandır ve ülke ekonomisinde tasarrufların finansal sisteme aktarılması aşamasında kilit role sahiptir. Bu süreçte tasarrufların reel sektörü fonlaması çok önemlidir. Bu durum ancak sermaye piyasasının güçlü dinamiklere sahip olabilmesi ve kalkınma ve yatırım bankaları gibi aracı kurumların sağlam finansal yapıları sayesinde mümkün olabilecektir. Bu bakımdan tasarrufların, sermaye piyasasının ve kalkınma ve yatırım bankacılığının gelişmişliği ülke ekonomisini ve dolaylı olarak toplum refahını da artıracaktır. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren kalkınma ve yatırım bankalarının finansal performanslarının sermaye piyasası araçlarının gelişimi ile aralarında bir nedensellik bağının bulunup bulunmadığı araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda finansal performansın kıymetli maden depo hesapları, devlet iç borçlanma senetleri, hisse senedi ihracı, özel sektör borçlanma araçlarının ihracı, varlık teminatlı menkul kıymetler, varlığa dayalı menkul kıymetler, varantlar ve sertifikalar gibi menkul kıymetler ile aralarında bir nedenselliğin bulunduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir.
VISÃO SOCIOLINGUÍSTICA DO OBJETO DIRETO ANAFÓRICO
Authors: Luz Claudia Norete Novais , Lopes Norma da Silva
Published: January 2023

Este artigo analisa o uso variável de um fenômeno do português falado, a retomada anafórica do objeto direto de terceira pessoa, com base na Teoria Variacionista (ou Sociolinguística Quantitativa). São quatro as estratégias possíveis de retomada anafórica do objeto direto: a) o clítico acusativo; b) o pronome lexical; c) o objeto nulo ou categoria vazia; d) o sintagma nominal anafórico. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, o corpus utilizado é oriundo de dados reais de fala de quarenta e oito informantes soteropolitanos extraídos de entrevistas do banco de dados do PEPP – Programa de Estudos sobre Português Falado em Salvador e de dezoito informantes do NURC – Projeto Norma Urbana Culta, sendo analisados os três níveis de escolaridade (fundamental, médio e superior) dos informantes.  Definiu-se como objetivo entender o efeito da escolarização na escolha da variante entre os entrevistados. Com a análise dos dados, percebeu-se que os clíticos estão cada vez mais padecendo no português do Brasil, os pronomes lexicais, mesmo sendo estigmatizados socialmente, e o sintagma nominal anafórico são mais usados que os clíticos recomendados pela tradição gramatical. Já o objeto nulo demonstra ser preferência na retomada anafórica dos informantes investigados, demonstrando que essa variante não é combatida pela escola.
Sifat Kimia dan Organoleptik Minuman Fungsional yang Terbuat dari Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea) dan Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) dengan Perbandingan yang Berbeda
Authors: Nurkaya Hamka
Published: January 2023

Bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea) di beberapa tempat di Indonesia saat ini semakin populer sebagai bunga yang memberikan banyak manfaat kesehatan bagi tubuh. Minuman bunga telang atau dalam bentuk lain semakin mudah dijumpai di beberapa tempat. Bunga telang banyak ditemukan dalam bentuk segar ataupun kering, kini relatif semakin ramai diperjualbelikan. Namun dalam penyajian sebagi minuman fungsional bunga telang tidak memiliki rasa dan juga aroma sehingga perlu ditambahkan bahan lain seperti jahe merah. Penelitian ini dimulai dari persiapan bahan yang akan digunakan yaitu bunga telang kering dengan jahe merah yang sudah diolah menjadi bubuk bunga telang dan bubuk jahe merah. Selanjutnya pencampuran bahan bubuk bunga telang dan bubuk jahe merah kemudian dikemas. Penelitian ini menggunakan perhitungan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perbandingan bubuk bunga telang dan bubuk jahe merah yang berbeda yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan, yaitu P1=100%:0%, P2=75%:25%, P3=50%:50%, P4=75%:25%. Parameter yang yang diamati adalah kadar air, kadar abu, antioksidan dan tingkat kesukaan terhadap warna, aroma, dan rasa pada minuman fungsional bunga telang dengan penambahan bubuk jahe merah. Adapun hasil uji sifat kimia berupa kadar air didapatkan hasil terendah pada minuman fungsional yaitu pada perbandingan komposisi bunga telang 25% dengan penambahan bubuk jahe merah 75% (P4) sebesar 10.66%. Hasil kadar abu tertinggi pada perlakuan P4 yaitu sebesar 5.78%. Sementara pada perlakuan P4 juga menunjukkan hasil tertinggi aktivitas antioksidan dengan Nilai IC50 sebesar 44.97 ppm. Hasil uji organoleptik yang memiliki nilai tertinggi dari tingkat kesukaan panelis adalah perlakuan P4 dengan nilai dan kategori yaitu warna 3,74 (suka), Aroma 3,63 (suka) dan Rasa 3,39 (suka).
RACIAL COMPOSITION OF PLASMOPARA HALSTEDII UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL EXPERIMENTAL FACILITY OF VNIIMK
Authors: Starina A. A. , Dmitrenko N. N. , Moskaleva N. A.
Published: January 2023

Intensive cultivation of sunflower in the last twenty years with non-observance of scientifically based crop rotations and the involvement of foreign hybrids has led to an imbalance in the parasite-host system, which has stimulated the race-forming process of the downy mildew pathogen. Obtaining a high quality sunflower crop is possible with the placement of a variety or hybrid in a crop rotation, taking into account its resistance to the pathogen biotype of a given area, which requires monitoring the process of race formation.
MEANS OF FORMING THE IMAGE OF A COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Merkulov Alexandr Vladimirovich
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the formation of a positive image of the enterprise. A positive, emotionally colored image of an organization speaks not only about the general culture, but also represents a certain characteristic that serves as a significant basis for competitiveness, focus on success, as well as one of the important conditions for the successful operation of the company in the chosen direction.
THE INFLUENCE OF DICTATORIAL REGIMES OF THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE
Authors: Bulanov Dmitry Alekseevich , Magomedova Alexandra Magomedovna , Shumakova Sofia Andreevna , Grits Valentina Alekseevna
Published: January 2023

Today, the whole world strives to create a unified democratic society, as only in democratic regimes do citizens have a direct and indirect opportunity to participate in the direct development of their state, as well as to solve the most important issues for their country, but these theses are mainly adhered to by the countries of Europe and North America in which democratic political regimes without radical changes. At the same time, there is an analogue of a democratic political regime as an authoritarian or totalitarian dictatorship, in which units have access to solving state issues, but despite this, both types of political regimes are present in the world. The purpose of this work is a comprehensive and comprehensive analysis of dictatorial and democratic regimes in Republican Spain and the Kingdom of Greece, to compare them, as well as the impact that was exerted on the overall situation of the country as a whole, as well as on the reaction of neighboring countries and other countries to the policies of these countries.
WOMEN IN THE SERVICE OF THE PENAL SYSTEM
Authors: Magomedova Alexandra Magomedovna , Ivanov Danil Olegovich , Chukhanov Ravil Nailevich
Published: January 2023

This article examines the gender aspect in the penal system. The article considers the history of obtaining the rights of women to perform public service in departmental institutions. The article considers the Russian legislation regulating the official activities of female persons in the UIS. The stereotypes of women in the service are described and recommendations are given for optimizing the activities of women employees in this system within the framework of the law.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW IN THE CONTEXT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Minina Valeria Vladimirovna
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the foreign experience of legal regulation of intellectual property in the context of artificial intelligence, due to the fact that in our country the legal regulation of this field is still at its formation stage. The author concludes that it is necessary to evaluate the contribution of artificial intelligence in the creation of a work or invention in each specific case.
FEATURES OF CUSTOMS CONTROL OF TRANSBOUNDARY MOVEMENT OF RARE SPECIES OF ANIMALS PROTECTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL CITES CONVENTION
Authors: Ronzhina Nina A. , Laurinaite Alina Eugenievna , Volkovich Arseny Sergeyevich
Published: January 2023

The article discusses the features of control and supervision activities carried out by customs authorities in cases of transboundary movement of rare species of animals protected by the CITES Convention, details the procedure and rules for the transboundary movement of these objects. The CITES Convention is characterized as a special international act that ensures the conservation of biodiversity in the context of foreign trade in protected species of wild fauna.
Histomorphological and histomorphometric changes in the testes of male Wistar rats following prepubertal exposure to caffeine
Authors: Adeyemi David O , Awoniran Paul O , Orumana Ogheneyoma M , Jolayemi Kehinde A
Published: January 2023

This experiment was designed to study the effects of caffeine on the histomorphology of the testes of prepubertal male Wistar rats. Prepubertal Wistar rats (25-28 days old), weighing between 50-60 g were randomly divided into three treatment groups (B, C and D) and control (A) of ten rats each. Group A rats received distilled water while Groups B, C, and D rats were respectively given daily dose of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg of caffeine dissolved in distilled water for 14 days by gavage. Five rats from each group were sacrificed 24 hours after the last caffeine administration while the remaining rats were monitored for another three weeks for them to attain sexual maturity. The rats were sacrificed under diethyl ether anesthesia and the testes were fixed by immersion in Bouin’s fluid. The tissues were processed for histomorphological and histomorphometric assessment. Data obtained were analyzed using one way ANOVA followed by Dunnett post hoc test for comparison with control. Alpha level was set at 0.05. Results showed that treatment with caffeine caused a significant decrease in testicular weight and a marked cellular degeneration and depletion of germ cells in the testes of rats in group D. The height of the germinal epithelium was significantly reduced when compared with control. This study concluded that prepubertal exposure of Wistar rats to caffeine reduced testicular growth and deleteriously alters testicular morphology.
Significance of foetal autopsy in diagnosis of VACTERL association
Authors: Jessy JP , Kumar Rajesh , Kaur Anupriya , Kapoor Kanchan , Sharma Mahesh , Kaur Amandeep
Published: January 2023

VACTERL association occurs in 1 in 10000- 40000 live births and is associated with vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac malformations, tracheoesophageal fistula, renal dysplasia and limb defects. A 19-week-old male foetus with antenatal diagnosis of foetal hydronephrosis on antenatal ultrasound in the left kidney was medically terminated and brought for foetal autopsy. No other malformation was reported on antenatal scan. On autopsy, facial abnormalities, upper and lower limb defects, coronal vertebral clefts and imperforate anus with a two vesselumbilical cord were found. Both environmental and genetic factors are considered to be responsible for this association. The present case illustrates the importance of foetal autopsy for making a definitive diagnosis in the missed sonographic findings like anal atresia and absence of upper- and lower-limb bones.
Մշակութային տնտեսությո՞ւն, թե՞ տնտեսական մշակույթ. հասարակության զարգացման անկյունաքարը/Cultural Economy or Economic Culture? Cornerstone of Society Development
Authors: VARDANYAN Tatevik
Published: January 2023

Economic theory in the modern world is becoming more and more inclusive, touching on topics
that may not be directly related to the cornerstones of economics, but nevertheless, as a result of deep
analysis, their reference to economic life becomes obvious. In this sense, it is relevant to analyze culture
in economic life from two different perspectives. On the one hand, it is important to understand how
having an economic culture and applying its mechanisms in society can «re-edit» that society. And,
on the other hand, what are the effects of culture and its development as a separate object of activity
on the well-being of society, improving the quality of life and, in general, economic development? The
answers to these two questions will make it possible to expand our economic «horizon», creating new
prospects for the development of society and the increase in the level of well-being.
Տեղական ինքնակառավարման մոդելների համեմատական վերլուծությունը և Երևան քաղաքի մոդելը/Comparative Analysis of Local Self-Government Models and Yerevan City Model 3
Authors: BARSEGHYAN Araksya
Published: January 2023

One of the most important factors determining the efficiency of local self-government in any
community is the relationship between local self-government and the state, so it is necessary to pay
attention to the model of local self-government functioning in a given community and, if necessary,
to change the model or make improvements to this model. Accordingly, in the present paper, a
comparative analysis of existing models of local self-government has been carried out, the positive and
negative sides of each model have been highlighted, the model of local self-government of Yerevan
City has been studied, and as a result it has been found out that one of the reasons of incomplete and
inefficient implementation of the powers delegated to local self-government bodies of Yerevan City is
related to the existing model of local self-government. As a result, it is proposed to make improvements
to the model of local self-government of Yerevan city.
Application of LP for Agricultural Land Allotment: Difference between Modelling and Reality
Authors: Gurjar Anil , Ghosh Anupam
Published: January 2023

Decision making in the agriculture sector is complex, with nature, economics, profit calculations and long-term goals playing their roles side-by-side. One critical aspect of agriculture is the allotment of land for the production of multiple crops. This paper illustrates an example of land allotment for agriculture in a setting where land produces four crops at the same time. While the linear programming model generated a particular set of outputs recommending particular pieces of land to be allotted for specific crops, the reality was far different. It was found that land allotment was guided by a mix of factors - business and nature - and was dependent on the available supply of the crop in the market and whether a crop can withstand a sudden change in the climate.
A Comprehensive survey on Various Machine Learning Models for Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Satyajeet Sharma Hidangmayum , Johnson Singh Khundrakpam
Published: January 2023

As a result of the current global pandemic, there has been a surge in the use of various online platforms and services available via the internet. This results in the increase of exposure to different cyber-attacks on the network infrastructures. Cyber threats in the form of malicious software or also known as “malwares” have posed a serious threat to the smooth running of both government and business sectors. To cope with such issues, researchers have come up with various methods of machine learning based techniques in order to detect malicious activity on the network. But the major issue remains with the presence of vast diversity of features that leads to lengthy training processes and the need to deal with the prediction accuracy. This paper presents a literary review of various works on different machine learning-based intrusion detection system presented in different research papers over the last five years. Also, the results obtained from the various works such as evaluated metrics, datasets, and accuracy are discussed and compared. The scope of our review study is to provide a brief idea of intrusion detection as well as a reference to other research works done in the field of machine learning based intrusion detection system. Finally, the issues and future development are discussed by evaluating typical studies from recent years.
A Systematic Literature Review on Automatic Recognition and Classification of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: K. Prajapati Nisha , V. Patel Amit
Published: January 2023

Cardiovascular diseases have a high morbidity rate and per year it leads to 17 million deaths worldwide. Coronary Atherosclerosis is one of the chief causes of stroke and progressive heart disease marked by lipids and fibrous elements accumulation in the arteries. Artificial intelligence (AI) has established remarkable progress in recent times in clinical practice helping patients and healthcare professionals in the accurate and faster diagnosis of diseases. Prediction models in the identification of Atherosclerosis have set foot in the academic literature to assist in making medical decisions during urgent circumstances. This paper aimed to systematically review automatic atherosclerotic plaque detection algorithms. The advantages of these latest techniques in automatic recognition of atherosclerotic plaque, its composition, classification strategy and future predictions in terms of severity are elucidated in this review with limitations and research gaps. The findings suggest that deep learning models are the future of diagnosis and ensemble learning algorithms are best in non-invasive accurate detection of cardiovascular diseases.
A Novel Approach for Classification of DDoS Attacks using Naive Bayes
Authors: Sanjota Chanu Usham , Johnson Singh Khundrakpam , Jina Chanu Yambem
Published: January 2023

One of the prevailing Internet attacks that cause havoc in society is the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. It is human bad intention that triggers it and is one of the most discussed intrusion detection in the field of Information security and control access. Detection of DDoS attack is quite challenging and required effective classification models. Moreover, before any dataset is fed into the classification algorithm, it requires certain pre-processing to decrease the dimensions of the dataset. The original attack datasets contain features that have no or very less significance in classification. Information gain which is a feature selection algorithm is applied to decrease the dimension of the dataset which in turn helps in selection of important features. The Naïve Bayes classifier which works on the principle of bayes theorem is deployed as a classifier to the selected features to classify the class categories within a short duration with improve performance parameters.
A Study of Methods Researched for Lung Cancer Detection
Authors: Nalawade Aishwarya , A. Patil Shrinivas
Published: January 2023

Advancement in medical science has sharply increased the overall average lifespan of humans since the last century. But this in turn has led to an increase in the incidence or rather possibility of cancer. It has been found that the risk of cancer steadily increases as age increases and more than 1,000 people out of 1,00,000 in the age group of 60 years and older suffer from some type of cancer. This, coupled with the mounting pollution and lifestyle changes has resulted in cancer becoming one of the top five non-communicable diseases together responsible for 70% of global deaths as per WHO data. Air pollution and global warming due to various causes have made lung cancer a major concern. It becomes essential to detect the presence of cancer as early as possible to minimize the risk of fatality and recurrence. The development of intelligent systems is a ray of hope for automation of the entire process of anomaly detection, identification of a disease, localization of the disease as well as analysis of the severity of the disease. Systems are being developed for the early detection of lung cancer through the results of various diagnostic systems. This paper studies the numerous preprocessing techniques implemented and different algorithms used for the detection of lung cancer through CT scans.
Ontology of Indian Online Matrimonial Information System and Social Services
Authors: - Mamta , Saxena Monika
Published: January 2023

Indian online matrimony is a new medium and gaining popularity day by day in finding a soul mate, despite the traditional approach to marriage virtual space exhibit new aspects of media usage and selection of a spouse. Beliefs related to love, the role of gender and marriage are gingerly altered with the adoption of new social realities and life. Technological advancement and continuous development of e-commerce have given rise to various virtual portals including matrimony. They are accelerating the development of matrimony in virtual space. Global media and technological advancement have opened up a new world of possibilities. Technology is giving new methods to share, express and fulfill the need of searching soul mate. Gradually they are replacing the role of culture and societies to find a perfect match. Online matchmaking methods have altered the way marriages happen in India. Online matrimony is replacing the long Indian time consuming traditional process of marriages. Ontology is a concept that helps a matrimonial organization to maintain the data of millions of registered users in a systematic manner. The aim of this paper is to give a new approach to the matrimonial organization to manage their large size data effectively with a well-formed structure.
The Physiological Mechanisms of Triple Negative Breast Cancer in African American Women
Authors: Albert Tyra
Published: January 2023

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women. Multiple subtypes exist for tumor biology, but triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor. TNBC accounts for 20% of breast cancers and is one of the most aggressive subtypes associated with an earlier age susceptibility, racial and ethnic differences, and limited targeted therapies. African American women bear a disproportionate burden in oncology-related health disparities. This population of women is diagnosed at later stages often with regional to distant metastases, high tumor grades, aberrant sequence mutations, treatment delays, and decreased disease-free survival. This review explores the multifactorial nature of this health disparity by addressing the physiological mechanisms, socioeconomic factors, ancestral differences, and challenges associated with diagnosis and treatment methods in the era of precision medicine.
Evaluation of Nutrition Properties of Co-Fermented Maize/ Carrot/ Pigeon Pea and Millet/ Sweet Potato/ Pigeon Pea as Infant Complementary Food
Authors: M.A. Oyarekua , K.O. Oni , T.A. Sanni
Published: January 2023

Malnutrition in Nigeria can be attributed to poor nutritional quality of cereals like maize and millet that are mostly fermented and processed to gruel for infant’s consumption. Nigerians under-utilize Pigeon pea, carrots and sweet-potato as in infant complementary food despite their abundance. This study evaluated the nutritional quality of co-fermented maize/carrot/pigeon pea (MACP) and millet/sweet potato/pigeon pea (MISP) in ratio 50:20:20 as infant complementary foods. Proximate chemical composition, anti-nutritional factors, protein solubility and functional properties of MACP and MISP in terms of infant complementary food after 72hours fermentation time were analyzed using standard analytical methods. Statistical analyses all experiments were conducted in triplicate. A one-way analysis of variance was performed with P 0.05) energy value than the recommended 4kcal/g (on dry matter basis). Carbohydrate and dietary fiber values met the required values based on average breast milk intake. In anti-nutritional factors: TA( 2.05-1.10), Phenol( 1.02-0.48), Saponin ( 2.25- 2.36), Alkaloid (1.15-1.12), Flavanoid ( 0.35-0.28) Phytin(4.35-5.03) , Oxalate (0.68-0.81) and Cyanide(1.27-1.28). The antinutritional factors significantly (p0<05) reduced in sample MISP than in MACP. MACP sample had higher PS% in the pH range of 1-4, and significantly higher (p0<05) in the pH range of 10-12. While MISP had higher PS% in the pH range of 6-9. Both samples in terms of functional properties could be useful in structural interactions in foods, flavor retention, improved palatability and shelf life extension. In terms of general acceptability sample MACP was preferred while MISP was preferred in terms of color. The sample MACP was more enhanced in amino acids except in tryptophan compared to MISP .KEY WORDS: co-fermentation, cereals, legumes, tuber, nutrients.
Biomateriales basados en el territorio
Authors: Weiss Münchmeyer Alejandro Javier , Besoain Narvaez María José
Published: January 2023

Ante la creciente demanda de diseñadores por incorporar procesos de investigación y desarrollo material a partir de fuentes biológicas en sus procesos creativos, resulta fundamental reflexionar sobre cómo y bajo qué criterios estas prácticas se llevan a cabo. Esto no solo implica una búsqueda epistemológica para establecer marcos de acción global, sino también enfatizar el impacto que estas iniciativas generan en el contexto en que se sitúan. Entendiendo la importante influencia que el Norte Global ejerce sobre estas prácticas a nivel global, urge preguntarnos ¿cuáles debieran ser las aproximaciones pertinentes para una práctica biomaterial propia de la experiencia latinoamericana? y ¿cómo incide el contexto en la toma de decisiones por parte del biodiseñador para promover materiales que sean pertinentes en cada territorio? Este artículo presenta la metodología “Biomateriales Basados en el Territorio" (BBT), una guía reflexiva y crítica para iniciar un proceso consciente en la identificación, experimentación y desarrollo de nuevos materiales locales de origen biológico. Se presentará como caso de estudio el trabajo desarrollado por el Laboratorio de Biomateriales de Valdivia (LABVA) en el contexto austral de Chile. A través del análisis y seguimiento del proceso de creación de una paleta biomaterial, será posible proyectar una práctica con visión crítica y situada, capaz de promover la autonomía material para dar respuesta local a los desafíos socio-medioambientales que actualmente padecemos.
On quasi focal curves with quasi frame in space
Authors: Körpınar Talat
Published: January 2023

In this study, we firstly characterize focal curves by considering quasi frame in the ordinary space. Then, we obtain the relation of each quasi curvatures of curve in terms of focal curvatures. Finally, we give some new conditions with constant quasi curvatures in the ordinary space.
Fuzzy controller and stabilizer on random operators
Authors: Madadi Masoumeh , Saadati Reza
Published: January 2023

In a random operator inequality, by the fuzzy controllers, we stable an approximately additive odd random operator and find an estimation for such random operators and we solve Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability problem for a random operator inequality.
Pricing cumulative loss derivatives under additive models via Malliavin calculus
Authors: Khalfallah Mohammed El-arbi , Hadji Mohammed Lakhdar , Vives Josep
Published: January 2023

We show that integration by parts formulas based on Malliavin-Skorohod calculus techniques for additive processes help us to compute quantities like ${\E}(L_T h(L_T))$ for different suitable functions $h$ and different models for the cumulative loss process $L_T$. These quantities are important in Insurance and Finance. For example they appear in computing expected shortfall risk measures or stop-loss contracts. The formulas given in the present paper, obtained by simple proofs, generalize the formulas given in a recent paper by Hillairet, Jiao and Réveillac using Malliavin calculus techniques for the standard Poisson process, a particular case of additive process.
The ruled surface obtained by the natural mate curve
Authors: Güler Fatma
Published: January 2023

The natural mate curve r1 of r is deﬁned the integral of principal normal vector with any parameter s, of a curve r. We investigate the ruled surface generated by the natural mate curve of any Frenet curve r = r(s) in the Euclidean 3-space. We obtained some necessary and suﬃcient conditions for this surface to be developable and minimal ruled surface. We research related to be the asymptotic curve and the geodesic curve of the base curve on the ruled surface. Example of our main results are also presented.
Asymptotically lacunary µ-statistical equivalence of generalized difference sequences in probabilistic normed spaces
Authors: Haloi Rupam , Sen Mausumi , Tripathy Binod Chandra
Published: January 2023

The current article introduces the notion of asymptotically lacunary $(\Delta^n,\mu)$-statistical equivalent sequence in the settings of a probabilistic norm $N$. Furthermore, the article presents the concepts of asymptotically $(\Delta^n,\mu)$-strongly Ces\'{a}ro equivalent sequences and asymptotically $(\Delta^n,\mu)$-strongly Ces\'{a}ro Orlicz equivalent sequences in the theory of probabilistic normed spaces and also investigates their various properties including some inclusion relations as well as some equivalent conditions in this new settings.
Consistency of an Infinite system of third order three-point boundary value problem in the $bv_0$ space by the theory of measure of noncompactness
Authors: Sapkota Niraj , Das Rituparna , Savapondit Santonu
Published: January 2023

Several authors have examined the solvability conditions for an infinite system of differential equations in different Banach spaces using the concept of measure of noncompactness. In all these studies, they have considered differential equations where the boundary conditions are defined on two points. In this paper, we have studied the solvability conditions for an infinite system of third-order three point boundary value problem in the sequence space of bounded variation $bv_0$ with the help of the theory of measure of noncompactness and have given a suitable example to illustrate the result.
Radiographic presentation of a multi-compartmental atypical giant lipoma of the lower extremity
Authors:   Saint Louis University School of Medicine, USA., Patel Niel , Krishnan Rohini ,   Saint Louis University School of Medicine, USA., Desai Nitin ,   Saint Louis University School of Medicine, USA.
Published: January 2023

A 61-year-old female with no significant past medical history presented with painless progressive left lower extremity weakness and foot drop resulting in altered gait over the course of two years prior to seeking care. Examination revealed a hypertrophied left lower extremity, steppage gait, and 1 out of 5 strength with left ankle dorsiflexion. Initial x-ray of the affected ankle was unremarkable.
Large pyomyoma after an urgent uterine artery embolization (UAE)
Authors:   David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA., Bechay Kirollos , Thomas Mariam ,   David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA., Le Thomas ,   David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA., Beck Ryan ,   David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA., Vuu Kien ,   David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA., Quinn Brian ,   David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Published: January 2023

Leiomyomas, or fibroids, are a common, benign tumor of the smooth muscle of the uterus, with a cumulative incidence of 70% in white women and 80% in black women by age 50 [1]. Suppurative leiomyoma, also referred to as pyomyoma, is a rare disorder of infarction with subsequent infection of a leiomyoma, which must be distinguished from other degenerative changes [2,3]. Incidence of the disease is unknown but previously estimated under 1% of operated fibroids [3], and there have been approximately 100 cases reported since 1945. The modes of infection are thought to be via direct extension from the uterine cavity, a lymphatic or a vascular route of bacterial seeding [3,4]. Pregnancy, the post-partum period, and uterine instrumentation, including dilatation and curettage (D&C) and C-section, are important risk factors for direct inoculation and account for the majority of pyomyoma cases that were reported [5,6]. Idiopathic pyomyomas also occur, such as in post-menopausal women; risk factors for ischemia, such as hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis, increase the risk of pyomyoma [4,5]. Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) is increasingly used as a non-invasive treatment for symptomatic fibroids and involves infarction of leiomyomas, which can rarely lead to pyomyoma [7,8]. We present a case of pyomyoma that developed after an urgent uterine artery embolization with a follow-up discussion of the relevant literature.
The Covid-19 pandemic economic costs in terms of labour force loss
Authors: Bednar Ondrej , Kaderabkova Bozena
Published: January 2023

Within a broader context of economic costs of the recent pandemic we calculate the excess deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic over the whole population and split them into age subgroups. Further, we estimate the cost of the labor force lost due to the pandemic. We employ a general additive model to set up a counterfactual time series of weekly deaths to count the number of deaths if the pandemic did not occur. Subtracting counterfactual series from the actual number of fatalities provides us with the excess deaths. The amount of excess deaths in the whole population is not statistically different from the COVID-19 victims reported by the Ministry of Health. However, we find excess deaths that are substantially higher than the reported COVID-19 causalities in the age group from 35 to 59 years. We estimated the costs of the lost labor force to be approximately 0.03% of the Czech 2021 GDP.
A Housing Market with Cournot Competition and a Third Housing Sector
Authors: Borgersen Trond-Arne
Published: January 2023

This paper integrates a non-profit third-housing sector (THS) into a housing market with Cournot competition. The paper analyses the indirect effects of a THS on the aggregate housing market, on a commercial housing supplier and on the market adaption of households not embraced by the THS. While beneficial for households included in the THS, a question arises related to the indirect effects of a THS. The paper argues for crowding-out and higher house prices in the commercial housing market in response to a THS expansion. In addition, a THS also affects the strategic behaviour of the commercial housing supplier. Compared to a conventional Cournot housing market, a fixed THS housing supply changes the market structure from one where the housing supply of different housing providers are alternative to one-another, to a market structure where housing supply is complementary.
Job grade camouflage: When low gender pay gap does not mean equal pay
Authors: Cadil Jan , Kopecky Martin , Jurcik Tomas
Published: January 2023

“Equal pay for equal work” is one of the backbone principles of Responsible Leadership. It is also deeply incorporated in legislation, mostly in developed countries. In recent decades, the gender pay gap has been put forward as a general indicator of equality by policy makers and researches alike. Yet, the research outcomes are disturbingly unsettled in comparison to bold political proclamations that are often based on simplified statistics. In our article we show, that gender pay gap shrinks substantially if firm-level job grades (based on Hay methodology) are used. The methodology used is gender neutral and focuses solely on the job size, not on the incumbent. Moreover, we show that the gender pay gap is not reflecting the idea of “equal pay for equal work” well. In fact, we conclude that people are being paid unequally regardless their gender. Low or non-existent gender pay gap then might just camouflage real inequalities leading managers and stakeholders to false feeling that company follows responsible leadership principles as defined by Steve Kempster (2016).
Optimal allocation of bank resources and risk reduction through portfolio decentralization
Authors: Mohammadi Arezoo , Minnoei Mehrzad , Fathi Zadollah , Ali Keramati Mohamamd , Baktiari Hossein
Published: January 2023

The main concern of all economic companies is the resources equipping and allocating them in different economic sectors with the aim of maximizing profit and minimizing risk. Decentralization is one of the important factors that reduce investment risk. The investors plan to create investment by carefully planning and collecting sufficient information on the economic situation and analyzing the situation of various industries. As an economic enterprise, banks are looking for short- and long-term investments in a types of loans ,such as bailment of a capital , civil participation, reward, etc, which guarantees the return of their capital. In this paper, considering the condition of a bank as an economic enterprise, a model is presented which not only increases profit but also reduces risk. Two objective functions have been defined that the first objective is to minimize the risk and the second objective function is to maximize the of the bank profit, which is used by robust programming and Malvi Sim model. In this paper, we have investigated the Risky and non-Risky Partfolio and the optimal portfolio of bank assets from scenario based solution of the model and by using PSO and Genetic Optimization Algorithm. At all levels of confidence and optimal values of risk based on the estimation of SPP-CVAR method by Particle Swarm Algorithm (PSA) is less than genetic algorithm, which indicates better performance of Particle Swarm Algorithm (PSA) than Genetic Algorithm (GA). Also, the optimum wealth obtained from PSA solution is higher at all levels of confidence than the corresponding value of Genetic Algorithm (GA), and this is another reason to confirm the performance of PSO algorithm compared to the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The values of the first goal function, obtained from the PSO algorithm, for all confidence levels are lower than those of the genetic algorithm. The optimum wealth obtained from PSA is higher than genetic algorithm. At 0.9 level, the value of LR of kupiec statistics for the SPP-CVAR method was less than the Chi-square statistics (Critical value) which was assumed to be acceptable.