bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness and influence of Vocal and Instrumental Improvisation in Music Therapy on children diagnosed with autism. Pilot Study.
Authors: Knapik-Szweda Sara
Published: January 2020

Autism is a developmental disorder which is difficult to recognize and diagnose. The present study examines the effectiveness of music therapy intervention based on improvisational techniques with the elements of Creative Music Therapy by Paul Nordoff and Clive Robbins and improvisational techniques by Tony Wigram (such as imitating, frameworking, dialogues, holding) on  developmentl of children with Autism (two boys diagnosed with autism - case 1. and case 2), especially in verbal and nonverbal communication, disturbance behavior patterns, cognitive and social-emotional areas.  The results indicate a positive outcome in two music therapy observing tools: Scale I Child – Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Rating Form and Scale II Musical Communicativeness Rating Form. The tables indicate the intensity of interaction between the therapist and the subject during the music therapy process (including communication skills, cognitive skills and behavior patterns). The results of case 1 are indicated in Scale I and Scale II and  show a significant effect of improvisational music therapy. The important findings from the analysis of behavior in the sessions were Stability and confidence in interpersonal musical relationship, Activity relationship developing, (scale 1.). The results of the case 2. show small changes in musical behavior when it comes to Stability and confidence in interpersonal musical relationship, but in Activity relationship developing the indicators show a lot of changes between sessions. The results of the research indicate that  music therapy intervention has a positive outcome and may be an effective method to increase functioning of children with autism.
Cross-cultural differences in visual perception
Authors: Čeněk Jiří , Čeněk Šašinka
Published: January 2020

According to recent cross-cultural studies there exist culturally based differences between visual perception and the related cognitive processes (attention, memory). According to current research, East Asians and Westerners percieve and think about the world in very different ways. Westerners are inclined to attend to some focal object (a salient object within a perception field that is relatively big in size, fast moving, colourful) focusing on and analyzing its attributes. East Asians on the other hand are more likely to attend to a broad perceptual field, noticing relationships and changes. In this paper we want to describe the recent findings in the field and propose some directions for future research.
Dictionaries and ideologies: some remarks of the EFL lexicography
Authors: Włodarczyk-Stachurska Anna
Published: January 2020

The term ideology itself has recently gained a lot of attention in anthropology, sociolinguistics and cultural studies. As a starting point it seems crucial to form an area of inquiry, that is the sense of language ideology. Here Alan Rumsay’s (1990, p. 346) definition is a useful starting point: „[…] linguistic ideologies are shared bodies of commonsense notions about the nature of language in the world”. The article aims to look at the way EFL dictionaries cope with the task to present the standardization of certain words and usages. In other words, we will attempt to find out if/how lexicographers cope with the job of being legislators, if their products advise about the proper usage as well as meanings of the words available in the standard forms of English. In order to achieve this goal, the number of issues of paramount importance will be investigated:

The term of linguistic ideology,

The concept of standardization

The dictionaries and ideology of standard – the state of the art

 

Our method is making comparisons between different lexicographic sources (dictionaries) in relation to selected entries, and generalising from the way the latter are presented (in the sense of formal and semantic values).
Investigation of multi-criteria method for the assessment of sustainable development: The case of Lithuania
Authors: Kareivaitė Roberta
Published: January 2020

The process of implementing sustainable development started at the end of the 20th century with the aim to balance economic, social and environmental development and minimize damage to humans and the environment. Nowadays, when new economic problems emerge social interest groups  lobby, environmental standards are raised, sustainable development becomes an integral part of  democratic society and is a particularly relevant object of scientific investigations. Taking into consideration the aspect of sustainable development complex assessment, the research problem can be formulated as follows: how to assess sustainable development comprehensively? This research, according to statistical data analysis (Lithuania’s case), identifies multi-criteria method (SAW) as the best method of analyzing sustainable development from the approach of different dimensions (economic, social and environmental).

According to the results of SAW method, it can be noted that when a country is improving economic indicators, environmental indicators usually decrease, which in turn determines the characteristics of the social dimension slight decrease.
Sylvia Plath and the dangers of biography
Authors: Asotić Selma
Published: January 2020

2013 marked the 50th anniversary of the death of Sylvia Plath and was commemorated by a flurry of new publications on the life and work of the late poet. The renewed interest in Sylvia Plath also revitalized the decades-old debate on the interdependence of her poems and her biography. This paper investigates and problematizes the way in which poetry in general and the work of Sylvia Plath in particular are read and interpreted. It tries to shed some light on the “biographical fallacy” which has for so long plagued critical approaches to her work and shows ways in which S. Plath’s own poetic method differs from the method of confessional writers such as Robert Lowell, in the hope of revealing why S. Plath’s work cannot and should not be approached through the prism of her biography.
Gorlin–Goltz-szindrómás beteg komplex fogorvosi, szájsebészeti kezelése és 8 éves követése
Authors: Gurdán Zsuzsanna , Gelencsér Gábor , Lengyel Zsuzsanna , Szalma József
Published: January 2020

Absztrakt:

A Gorlin–Goltz-szindróma autoszomális dominánsan öröklődő kórkép. Vezető tünetei
az állcsontok keratocystái, a multiplex basaliomák, csontvázfejlődési
rendellenességek, intracranialis calcificatio és tenyéri, talpi dyskeratosis. A
szindróma egyik leggyakoribb és sokszor először észrevehető tünete az állcsonti
keratocysta. A szerzők munkájukban egy fogszabályozó osztályon diagnosztizált és
kezelt gyermek esetét mutatják be. A betegség ritka előfordulása ellenére fontos
a korai, fiatalkorban történő felismerés. A betegek rendszeres gondozásával
megelőzhetők az akár életet veszélyeztető elváltozások és a radikális műtéttel
járó kezelések. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(2): 67–74.
Az egyedfejlődés kritikus fázisaiban történő gyógyszeres kezelések késői következményei. A hibás hormonális imprinting koncepciójának kiterjesztése
Authors: Csaba György
Published: January 2020

Absztrakt:

A hormonális imprinting (bevésődés) a célhormon és a fejlődő hormonreceptor első
találkozása alkalmával történik meg, és életreszólóan meghatározza a receptor
kötési képességét. Elmaradása esetén a komplex működése tartósan hiányossá
válik. Az imprinting optimális időpontja perinatalisan van, amikor a fejlődési
ablak nyitva áll: ez megteremti annak lehetőségét, hogy a célhormonhoz hasonló
molekulák (rokon hormonok, szintetikus hormonok, endokrin disruptorok stb.)
kapcsolódjanak a receptorhoz, ami hibás imprinting kialakulásához vezet. Az
orvostudományi adatbázis (PubMed) tanulmányozása arra enged következtetni, hogy
a fejlődési ablak nyitva tartása alkalmával nemcsak a célhormonhoz hasonló
molekulák tudnak hibás imprintinget létrehozni, de a legkülönbözőbb gyógyszerek
is (nem feltétlenül endokrin célpontokon); ez arra utal, hogy a hibás imprinting
kialakulásában a fiziológiás molekulaszerkezethez való hasonlóságnál fontosabb
szerepet játszik a kritikus periódus (a fejlődési ablak nyitottsága), ami
megengedi az idegen molekulák általi provokációt. A gyógyszerek által kiváltott
imprinting hatása a hormonális hibás imprintinghez hasonlóan tartós és hosszú
idő után fellépő elváltozásokban (betegségekben) mutatkozik meg. Kritikus
fejlődési periódus nemcsak perinatalisan van, de a pubertáskor is igényli a
fiziológiás átprogramozást, és megengedi idegen molekulák (gyógyszerek)
beavatkozását, ami ugyancsak késői betegségek megjelenéséhez vezet (pubertal
origin of health and disease = POHaD). Míg hormonszerű hibás imprinterek
esetében a receptorok játszhatnak szerepet a hibás imprinting kialakulásában, a
gyógyszerek imprintingje esetében ez (figyelembe véve széles körű
különbözőségüket) nem bizonyított, így a hatásmechanizmus tisztázatlan. Ez
azonban nem akadályozhatja a jelzett időpontokban a gyógyszerelés elkerülését
vagy maximális óvatossággal történő használatát. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(2):
43–49.
The Economy of Wellbeing in Beji: Pesantren and Entrepreneurship in Village Community
Authors: Hadi Syamsul
Published: January 2020

This article aims to explain the field findings related to the socio-economic conditions of the community in Beji village. The village was known as the base of the santri and the socio-economic impacts that provide value to the life of the community around the pesantren. The research used a qualitative method with a constructivism approach. Excavation of data through in-depth interview techniques and field observations and enriched with document studies. Informants interviewed were determined through the snowballing techniques. The result of the research shows that the existence of Manbail Futuh pesantren in the middle of village society not only serves to serve religious education (Islam) but with the number of santri coming from various regions, so the existence of pesantren also gives a socio-economic impact for the surrounding community. Against the community the economic benefits provided by pesantren is not active but passive. This is because the pesantren is limited to providing opportunities for local residents in the pesantren location to accommodate 833 students of mukim and has an active student of 2,469 people without attracting any pennies for "retribution". Sociologically, the socio-economic relation between pesantren and the local people who work as a sword gives birth to the pattern of the economic behavior of mashlahat. It can be said that the economic action played by pesantren is a substantive economy based on Islamic moral values, namely the principles of ta'awun (mutual help) and the principle of maslahat (the common good).
Mopo’alati Tradition In The Coastal Muslim Community At Molotabu Beach Bone Bolango District
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Yahiji Kasim , Rusli Muh
Published: January 2020

This paper elaborates on the reality of the Mopo'alati tradition in Gorontalo. It expresses respect, hopes to the sacred, and supernatural. This tradition is celebrated once a year in the month of Muharram by Muslim communities on the coast of Molotabu as an expression of gratitude and prayer of salvation in facing a hard life and challenging sea. The study used a qualitative descriptive method through ethnographic design in order to understand deeply the philosophy of the tradition and its correlation with world life. Mopo’alati tradition is urgent to be studied in order to identify the inconsistency values deviates from Islam and encouraged the ritual ceremony to Islamic nuance. The finding illustrates that Gorontalo society is very fanatical about Islam, thus all mental-spiritual activities, social activities, and traditions must be based on the philosophy of “Adati hulo huloa to Syara’ah,  Syara’ah hula hula’a to Qur’ani”. It means the custom bases on religious values and the religious values base on Alquran.  This philosophy contains the very deep meaning of tauhid (God's values). On another side, Gorontalo society defenced the ancestor's tradition even though it deviated from Islamic values. Nowadays, Mopo’alati tradition is packaged in a ritual format by giving a more objective moral light. The ceremony was started by doing two rakaat of unobligation pray, reciting al-Waqi’ah verse, al-Rahman verse, and Yasin verse, reciting zikir, and closed by reciting safety pray. Mopo’alati ceremony was closed by giving food, cakes, and money which collected in a ceremony to poor people around the village.
Preventing Radicalism: Islamic Moderation and Revitalization in the Border
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim , Prasojo Zaenuddin Hudi , Sulaiman S.
Published: January 2020

The growing radical and extreme ideologies recently are not only a concern but also a threat to the social relations of harmony and human peace, including in the border region of Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan. It is important to spread moderate Islamic teaching to counter this extreme ideology to the people in the border region of Kapuas Hulu. This research examines the roles of religious leaders and religious institutions in disseminating moderate Islam in the border region of Kapuas Hulu to counter the growing influence of radical-extremism. This research employs a qualitative method and the data from field research is presented descriptively. This research shows that religious leaders and religious institutions exist in almost every sub-district in the border region. They teach messages of Islamic moderation that include four principles namely the concept of tawasuth-moderate, tawazun-equality, tasamuh-tolerant, and i`tidal. This principle must be strengthened as a foundation in behaving, acting, speaking, socializing, and living in the Indonesian nation and state. It is on these values and principles that religious leaders and religious institutions reinforce their role in preaching, guiding and fostering people in the border region.
The Activity of the Convention Structures of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity to Promote Technology Transfer
Authors: Shugurov Mark
Published: January 2020

Introduction: in the context of increasing the role of technology transfer in achieving the sustainable development goals, the importance of scientific and technological cooperation within the framework of the Convention cooperation is increasing. The aim of the study is to develop a comprehensive proposal on the systemic interaction of the Convention structures of the UN Convention on Biodiversity in promoting the transfer of biotechnologies for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. The objectives of the study are: 1) to carry out a consistent analysis of the development perspective of technology transfer at the level of meetings of the Conference of the Parties, in the activities of the Executive Secretary, the Subsidiary body on scientific, technical and technological advice and the Clearing-House Mechanism; 2) to reveal promising areas of the Convention cooperation on facilitating the biotechnology transfer. Methods: the general scientific methods (systemic, structural and functional) and specific scientific methods (comparative law, dogmatic legal). Results: the Convention structures of the Convention on Biodiversity, treating the technology transfer as a multi-component process, develop and implement measures to promote it on the basis of taking into account the technological needs, creating an enabling environment and appropriate information exchange. The CBD Convention process is open to other Convention and non-Convention technology transfer initiatives governed by the Convention in order to achieve synergies. Conclusions: the CBD Convention Bodies play a crucial role in enhancing the cooperation among all stakeholders, as well as identifying the gaps and eliminating the duplication of the international biotechnology transfer initiatives in line with the objectives of the Convention.
Legal Problems of Digitalization: Theoretical and Legal Aspects
Authors: Gaivoronskaya Yana , Miroshnichenko Olga
Published: January 2020

Introduction: digitalization is an interdisciplinary problem, but the degree of its mediation by specialists in different fields varies significantly. The modern legal studies of digitalization are often haphazard and superficial. Lawyers are clearly lagging behind modern trends, which can create a number of serious problems in terms of the legal regulation and loss of humanitarian and legal values accumulated by humanity. This situation really creates a number of serious threats to the legal regulation, because technologies are developing, the number of rules associated with their use is increasing, and these rules are written by the experts in the field of digital economy and IT-technologies. The purpose of the study: to summarize the main theoretical and legal problems arising from the widespread introduction of digital technologies in the legal regulation and legal activity. Research objectives: to define the concept of digitalization; to consider the main trends of scientific research on issues related to the largescale spread of digitalization and artificial intelligence technologies; to identify and formulate the main problems of doctrinal and theoretical plan discussed by the legal community in the context of digitalization; to determine the limits of the real impact of new technologies on the social regulation. Methods: the system, structural and functional ones, the methods of analysis and synthesis, expert evaluation. Results: the paper systematizes the main problems of digitalization that concern modern lawyers. The problems of digitalization are divided into general social ones, concerning threats to the development of society as a whole, and special legal ones, concerning the actual change of the legal regulation and law in the era of digitalization. Conclusions: it is not technologies that need the legal regulation, but the relations with the use of technologies do. As for the “horror stories” about AI and total digitalization, most of the problems lie in the sphere of natural intelligence, not artificial one, in the sense that it is necessary to regulate the actions of natural intelligence carriers in the design of artificial intelligence.
Transformation of the Institute of the Source of Increased Danger in the Information and Digital Era
Authors: Deryugina Sophia
Published: January 2020

Introduction: the development of the latest information and telecommunication technologies used in the civil law sphere transforms the understanding and application of tort liability for damage caused by a source of increased danger. The identified mechanism requires a scientific analysis to determine the essential changes in the institution of a source of increased danger. The implementation of activities related to the sources of increased danger implies the presence of a threat of harm to the subjects of law. To ensure the greatest protection of subjects, digital technologies are used. The purpose of the study: to determine the characteristics of the concept “owner of a source of increased danger”, to consider the impact of digital technologies on the institution of a source of increased danger. Methods: general method; general scientific method (logical (induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis), system); private law (formal legal, comparative legal). Results: the content of the concept “owner of the source of increased danger”is revealed. The problem of lack of transparency of information about the owner of the vehicle, its causes and consequences is raised. Considered the actual use of digital technologies today in this area and proposed ways to develop the protection of subjects of law from the possibility of illegal actions. Conclusions: the characteristics of the basic concept of “owner of a source of increased danger” are defined, the influence of digital technologies on the institution of a source of increased danger is considered. It is revealed that the identification of the concepts “owner of the source of increased danger” and “owner of the property” can lead to a mixture of proprietary relations and non-contractual obligations, requiring their specific legal regulation. The analysis of the new electronic title is carried out, as well as the further prospects of its development are revealed. The approximate list of data necessary for safety of the subject which enters the legal relationship connected with use by the vehicle is specified.
Ebû Hanîfe’nin (ö. 150/767) Hayatı ve Zühd Anlayışı
Authors: AKDAĞ Eyyup
Published: January 2020

Hanefi mezhebinin kurucusu Ebû Hanîfe,
İslam ilim ve düşünce tarihinin en önemli şahsiyetlerinden biri kabul edilmektedir.
Kendisine ilim ve zekâsının yüksekliğine işaret etmek üzere en büyük imam manasına
gelen ‘İmâm-ı A‘zam’ lakabı verilmiştir. Çok sayıda öğrenci yetiştiren Ebû
Hanîfe görüş ve düşünceleriyle Ehl-i Sünnet anlayışının oluşmasına zemin hazırlamıştır.
Kur’an ve sünnet temelli din anlayışını benimseyen Ebû Hanîfe bid‘at olarak
kabul ettiği görüş ve düşüncelerle yoğun bir şekilde mücadele etmiştir. Onun hakkında
yapılan çalışmalarda, şahsiyeti ve manevî yaşantısına yeterince temas
edilmediği daha ziyade kelâmî ve fıkhî konulardaki görüş ve düşünceleri ön
plana çıkarıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışma ise onun hayatı ve manevî
yaşantısına dair bir kısım hususları irdelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ebû Hanîfe
zühd, vera‘ ve âhireti tercih etme konusunda yüce bir makâma ulaşmış ve
evliyaullahın en gözde isimlerinden birisi olmuştur. Tasavvuf tarihinin zühd
döneminde yaşayan Ebû Hanîfe şahsiyeti ve mânevî yaşantısıyla birçok önemli
sûfîyi etkilemiş ve tasavvufun müstakil bir ilim dalı olarak yer edinmesinde
talebeleri kanalıyla etki etmiştir. Kendisi zengin ve varlıklı olmasına rağmen
dünyaya meyletmemiş, zâhidâne bir hayatı tercih etmiştir. İlim ve ibâdet
eksenli bir hayat geçirmiş, idarenin teklif ettiği görevlerden hep uzak durmuştur.
Ebû Hanîfe’ye bazı kitaplar nispet edilmektedir. O kitaplardan biri de el-Vasiyye’dir.
el-Vasiyye’de Ebû Hanîfe’nin şahsiyeti ve manevî hayatına dair bazı
yaklaşımları bulmak mümkündür. Bu çalışmada temelde el-Vasiyye’den
hareketle tarih ve tabakât türü ana kaynaklardan da istifade edilerek Ebû
Hanîfe’nin zühd hayatı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Kur’an’ın Mekke’de Yazılması ve Medine’de Çoğaltılması Üzerine Bazı Değerlendirmeler
Authors: ALTUNTAŞ Mehmet
Published: January 2020

Kur’an ilimleri ve tarihi konusunda
eser yazan âlimlerin çoğu, Kur’an’ın Mekke’de yazılması hususunu fazlaca gündeme
getirmemişlerdir. Şüphesiz bu durum Kur’an’ın yazımıyla ilgili rivayetlerin ve
yazı bilenlerin yetersizliğinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Buradan hareketle bazı Müslüman
âlimler ve müsteşrikler, Kur’an’ın Medine’de yazılmaya başlandığını iddia
etmişlerdir. Kur’an’ın yazılmaya başlama tarihi olarak âlimler genelde
risaletin beşinci yılını esas almaktadırlar. Şüphesiz bu tarih, Hz. Ömer’in
Müslüman oluşuna yönelik olarak anlatılan ve üzerinde Tâ-hâ Sûresi’nin yazılı
olduğu sahifeyle ilgilidir. Kaynaklarda bu tarihten önce Kur’an’ın
yazıldığına dair bir rivayet bulunmamaktadır. Ancak, her ne kadar konuyla
ilgili rivayetler yeterli olmasa da, Mekkî ayetlerdeki bazı kelime ve ifadeler,
Kur’an’ın daha erken dönemlerden itibaren Mekke’de yazıldığına işaret etmektedir.
Bazı âlimler, Hz. Osman döneminde
Kur’an’ın çoğaltılması esnasında Tevbe 128-129 ve Ahzab 23. ayetlerin sadece Ebû
Huzeyme’de bulunduğunu ifade etmektedirler. Bu, makul bir durum değildir. Çünkü
ayetlerin tamamı Hz. Peygamber ve Hz. Ebû Bekir döneminde olmak üzere iki kez
yazılmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu ayetlerin Hz. Osman döneminde yazılı olarak sadece
bir kişide bulunması tarihî gerçeklerle bağdaşmamaktadır.

Öte taraftan vahyin yazıldığı söylenen
hayvanların kürek kemikleri, yassı taşlar gibi yazı malzemeleri dinî, ticarî, edebî
bir kimliğe sahip olan Mekke şehrinin kültür seviyesi ve gelenekleriyle uyum
arz etmemektedir. Bedir savaşında esir düşen müşriklerin en azından bir
kısmının okuma-yazma bilmesi Mekke’deki yazı bilenlerin sayısının iddia
edilenden daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir.
Müslüman Geleneğinde Vahiy Anlayışı
Authors: CEYHAN Mehmet Akif
Published: January 2020

Allah’ın
insan ile iletişime geçmesi olarak tanımlanan vahiy konusu, Müslüman
geleneğimizde asırlardır araştırılan, mahiyet ve içeriğine ilişkin zihinlerde
sayısız soruya cevapların arandığı bir tartışma alanıdır. Bunun sebebi vahyin,
diğer bir deyimle Kur’an’ın, İslâm inanç sisteminin ana kaynağı olmasıdır. Dinin temelini oluşturan vahiy, esasen farklı bir
ontolojik alandan yani Allah’tan, farklı bir ontolojik varlık olan elçi Cibril
aracılığı ile farklı bir ontolojik alana yani peygambere yapılan bildirimin adıdır.
Vahyin kelime
manasında bulunan “gizli ve hızlı bildirim” anlamından kaynaklı olduğu
düşünülen insanlığın vahyin mahiyetine ve geliş yollarına yönelik merakı, vahyi
gönderen Allah ile vahyi alan insan arasındaki ontolojik farklılık, bu
iletişimi daha da gizemli hale getirmektedir. Müslüman kelâm ekolleri, dinin
ana kaynağı durumunda bulunan vahyi, Allah’ın kelâm sıfatı, Kelâmullah ve
Halku’l-Kur’an konuları bağlamında değerlendirmiş, Allah’ın kelam sıfatının
kadîm mi hâdis mi olduğu, Kur’an’ın mahluk olup olmadığı konuları etrafında
tartışmışlardır. Buna ilaveten Şii kelamcılar vahiy konusunda farklı bir metod
izlemek suretiyle konuyu imamet nazariyesi ile birlikte ele almış ve imamların
da ilham adı altında vahiy alabildiklerini ifade etmişlerdir.
W. Montgomery Watt’a Göre Endülüs İslâm Medeniyetinin Batı Avrupa’ya Etkisi
Authors: AYRANCI İlhami
Published: January 2020

Çağımızda Portekiz ve İspanya
Devletleri’nin bulunduğu coğrafya, Müslümanlar tarafından ‘Endülüs’ olarak
adlandırılmıştır.
710 yılında gerçekleştirilen
bir keşif harekâtının ardından birkaç yıl içerisinde fethedilen Endülüs
bölgesi, 750 yılına kadar Şam Emevi hilafetinin bir eyaleti olarak kalmış,
ondan sonraki üç asra yakın bir süre de Emevi ailesi tarafından yönetilmiştir.Endülüs’te 712-1492 yılları
arasında 780 yıl süre ile hüküm süren Müslümanlar, özellikle ilk üç asırlık
dönem içerisinde kültür ve medeniyet alanında Batı’da o güne kadar görülen en
güçlü ve ileri medeniyeti oluşturmuş, sanat ve mimarî başta olmak üzere, tıp,
hukuk, felsefe ve edebiyat gibi çok sayıda bilim dalında ortaya koydukları birbirinden
değerli eserlerle tarihteki öncü yerini almıştır. Saray, kale ve cami gibi önemli
eserlerine günümüzde de tanıklık ettiğimiz Gırnata (Granada), İşbiliye (Sevilla) ve Kurtuba (Cordoba) gibi
dönemin önemli şehirlerinin yer aldığı bölge, bugün de İspanya’nın 17
eyaletinden birisi olarak ‘Andulusia/Endülüs’ olarak adlandırılmaktadır.

Bu makalede, Endülüs’ün
Müslümanlar tarafından fethi, fetihten sonraki gelişmeler ve ortaya konulan
‘birlikte yaşama kültürü’ hakkında bilgiler verildikten sonra, tarihi süreç
içerisinde ‘Endülüs medeniyetinin’ Batı Avrupa’ya etkisi, W. Montgomery Watt’ın eserleri
çerçevesinde ele alınarak değerlendirilmektedir.
Evaluating the protective effect of resveratrol, Q10, and alpha-lipoic acid on radiation-induced mice spermatogenesis injury: A histopathological study
Authors: Najafi Masoud , Cheki Mohsen , Amini Peyman , Javad Abdolreza , Shabeeb Dheyauldeen , Eleojo Musa Ahmed
Published: January 2020

Background: Testis is one of the most sensitive organs against the toxic effect of ionizing radiation. Exposure to even a low dose of radiation during radiotherapy, diagnostic radiology, or a radiological event could pose a threat to spermatogenesis. This may lead to temporary or permanent infertility or even transfer of genomic instability to the next generations.
Objective: In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of treatment with three natural antioxidants; resveratrol, alpha lipoic acid, and coenzyme Q10 on radiation-induced spermatogenesis injury.
Materials and Methods: 30 NMRI mice (6-8 wk, 30 ± 5 gr) were randomly divided into six groups (n=5/each) as 1) control; 2) radiation; 3) radiation + resveratrol; 4) radiation + alpha lipoic acid; 5) radiation + resveratrol + alpha lipoic acid; and 6) radiation+ Q10. Mice were treated with 100 mg/kg resveratrol or 200 mg/kg alpha lipoic acid or a combination of these drugs. Also, Q10 was administered at 200 mg/kg. All treatments were performed daily from two days before to 30 min before irradiation. Afterward, mice were exposed to 2 Gy 60Co gamma rays; 37 days after irradiation, the testicular samples were collected and evaluated for histopathological parameters.
Results: Results showed that these agents are able to alleviate some toxicological parameters such as basal lamina and epididymis decreased sperm density. Also, all agents were able to increase Johnsen score. However, they could not protect against radiation-induced edema, atrophy of seminiferous tubules, and hyperplasia in Leydig cells.
Conclusion: This study indicates that resveratrol, alpha-lipoic acid, and Q10 have the potential to reduce some of the side effects of radiation on mice spermatogenesis. However, they cannot protect Leydig cells as a source of testosterone and seminiferous tubules as the location of sperm maturation.
Key words: Radiation, Spermatogenesis, Resveratrol, Alpha-Lipoic Acid, Coenzyme Q10.
Frozen embryo transfer: Endometrial preparation by letrozole versus hormone replacement cycle: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Samsami Alamtaj , Ghasmpour Leila , Davoodi Sara , Moradi Alamdarloo Shaghayegh , Rahmati Jamshid , Karimian Ali , Homayoon Hamide
Published: January 2020

Background: The endometrial preparation with stimulating natural cycles for frozen embryo transfer (FET) have benefits like lower cost and ease of use.
Objective: Comparing the clinical outcome of letrozole versus hormone replacement (HR) for endometrial preparation in women with normal menstrual cycles for FET in artificial reproduction techniques.
Materials and Methods: A total of 167 participants who had frozen embryos and regular ovulatory cycles were randomly divided into two groups for endometrial preparation. One group (82 women) was stimulated with letrozole 5mg/day and the other group (85 women) was hormonally stimulated by oral estradiol valerate (2 mg three times a day). All participants were followed serially by ultrasonography. Any patient who did not reach optimal endometrial thickness was excluded from the study. Implantation, biochemical and clinical pregnancy and abortion rate were reported.
Results: There was no significant difference in the mean age, duration, and primary or secondary infertility, cause of the infertility, number, and quality of transferred embryos between the groups. The mean estradiol level on the day of transfer was 643 ± 217 in the HR group and 547 ± 212 in the letrozole group (P = 0.01), which was significantly different. The clinical pregnancy rate was 38.7 in the letrozole group, higher than the HR group (25.3) but not significantly different (P=0.06).
Conclusion: For endometrial preparation in women with a normal cycle, letrozole yields higher pregnancy rate although it is not significant; due to its cost, ease in use, and lower side effects, letrozole is a good choice.
Key words: Letrozole, Hormone replacement, Endometrial, Preparation, Frozen, Embryo.
Role of latent female genital tuberculosis in recurrent early pregnancy loss: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Bagchi Bishista , Chatterjee Siddhartha , Gon Chowdhury Rajib
Published: January 2020

Background: Latent Female Genital tuberculosis (FGTB) or tubercular infestation is prevalent in Southeast Asia and even the presence of tubercular bacilli in the genital tract is becoming an important factor for reproductive failure. An immature endometrium becomes non-receptive, preventing implantation or rejection of implanted embryo in early months, resulting in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in association with other factors.
Objective: To detect the underlying causes of RPL in addition to the proven causes like uterine cavity defects, thrombophilia, chromosomal abnormalities, etc.
Materials and Methods: 317 women with RPL, enrolled over a period of 60 months (January 2014 to December 2018) conducted at Calcutta Fertility Mission in the present study. They were grouped in A, B, and C and undergone routine tests for the same along with the PCR test with an endometrial aspirate.
Results: Patients with only latent FGTB (Group A), patients with FGTB and associated factors (Group B), and patients with other causes of RPL (other than latent FGTB) (Group C) were34.4%, 42.3%, and 23.3% respectively. About 29.36%, 47.01%, and 21.62%of the patients had achieved pregnancy in Group A, B, and C, respectively. The rate of miscarriage was high in both Groups A and B, affected with latent FGTB, and live-birth was higher (75%) in Group C that did not have tubercular involvement of the genital tract.
Conclusion: The tubercular infestation or latent FGTB as per our study appears to be a very important cause of RPL in patients with recurrent “unexplained” miscarriage. It should be treated adequately at an early stage to prevent permanent damage to pelvic organs and restore reproductive health in women.
Key words: Female genital tuberculosis, Recurrent pregnancy loss, Endometrium, Implantation.
Interstitial ectopic pregnancy diagnosis by three-dimensional ultrasound and its laparoscopic management: A case report
Authors: Ahmadi Firoozeh , Pahlavan Fattaneh , Ramezanali Fariba , Akhbari Farnaz
Published: January 2020

Background: Interstitial Ectopic Pregnancy (IEP) is an uncommon type of ectopic pregnancy with the risk of rupturing and bleeding. The incidence of IEP is about 2-4% of all EPs. The diagnosis and management are challenging. We present a well-timed and managed case of IEP.
Case: The case was a 37-yr-old woman presented at the Royan Institute with a chief complain of sudden onset of pelvic pain and moderate vaginal bleeding, three weeks after her positive pregnancy test. She had got pregnant with in-vitro fertilization procedure. She was admitted for a two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS). The 2DUS findings showed a gestational sac with live embryo and yolk sac which was located high in the fundus and eccentric to the endometrium. The suspicion of IEP rose after the 2DUS findings, the confirmation of further diagnosis was then done by three-dimensional ultrasound, and the treatment was done by laparoscopy. The patient underwent laparoscopic left corneal resection. She was discharged after two days and her β-hCG achieved complete resolution (< 5 mIU/mL) after two weeks’ follow-up.
Conclusion: According to the life-threatening complications that are associated with IEP, acquaintance and suspicion about IEP is important. Specified information that obtained by three-dimensional ultrasound could be useful for exact locating and detection.
Key words: Pregnancy, Ectopic, Diagnostic, Ultrasound, Laparoscopic assisted surgery.
DIREITOS SOCIAIS X ORÇAMENTO PÚBLICO: POSSIBILIDADES E LIMITES – BREVE ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DE BRASIL E PORTUGAL
Authors: Guerra Sidney , Carneiro Cláudio
Published: January 2020

Neste estudo apresenta-se a discussão que envolve a efetividade dos direitos sociais em consonância com orçamento público. Para tanto, são expendidos os comentários acerca da dignidade da pessoa humana, em especial no que tange ao mínimo existencial, para na sequência tratar do orçamento público, alicerçado nas estruturas que envolvem a boa governança e escolas econômicas. O estudo comparativo entre Brasil e Portugal permearam a discussão, para ao final se propor o que se denomina de “modelo híbrido” para fazer frente aos problemas decorrentes da necessária efetivação de direitos e a escassez de recursos.
Sistem Deteksi Biometrik Keunikan Wajah Secara Real Time
Authors: Sinaga Anita Sindar RM
Published: January 2020

Facial recognition is important for identifying a person's biodata profile. The physical development of students from the time they entered college to graduation has experienced inconspicuous changes but it is sometimes difficult to identify faces one by one. Digital form is becoming a trend to remember more real time. An important part of human physical identification has begun to shift from signature - finger - face selection. The face includes five important senses that are interconnected into an identification device. In this study the focus is on face detection based on color, the application of the Camshift Algorithm and finding the distance between the face sensing points is the result of the Gabor Wavelet method. Training data uses 4-8 second real time video. The hue histogram is basically the same as the RGB histogram, the difference is that the hue histogram uses the Hue value instead of RGB because the hue value represents natural color without regard to lighting. Gabor Wavelet transform is provided to solve filter design problems. The face detection system looks for face points to form a frame-shaped face selection if previously the face has been stored in a database so the system can easily describe biodata. Face selection can be done on live testing data. The selection box detection follows every facial movement.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Distribusi Data dari aplikasi Asc Timetable Menuju Aplikasi Siakad
Authors: Purnomo Agus
Published: January 2020

Penjadwalan pembelajaran atau perkuliahan adalah kegiatan rumit. Inti dari penjadwalan adalah menggatur sumberdaya tenaga pendidik, ruang kelas, siswa dan waktu tidak berbenturan. Banyak software penjadwalan yang dikembangkan secara mandiri oleh institusi terkait dan ada juga yang dikembangkan oleh perusahaan komersial. Disini akan diangkat satu software penjadwalan dengan nama asc timetable. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah distribudi data dari asc timetable menuju aplikasi siakad harus dilakukan secara manual. Penyebabnya adalah tidak adanya fasilitas interkoneksi diantara keduanya. Solusi dilakukana adalah mengembangkan aplikasi penghubung yang mampu mendistribusikan data dari asc timetable menuju aplikasi siakad. Aplikasi dikembangkan berbasis teknologi web dengan bahasa pemprograman PHP dan database mysql. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa aplikasi yang mampu ektrak data xml asc timetable dalam format sql dan excel. Dari hasil uji ektrak data sebanyak 1305 jadwal perkuliahan, aplikasi yang dikembangkan mampu memberikan nilai efisiensi dan efektifitas waktu sebanyak 99% jika dibandingkan dengan metode ektrak manual
Implementasi Data Mining Penjualan Produk Pakaian Dengan Algoritma Apriori
Authors: Sinaga Anita Sindar RM
Published: January 2020

The problem faced by the Tanjung Redjo clothing store is the lack of management of sales data and irregular arrangement of clothing products. The arrangement of the location of clothing products on the shelf is not well regulated. The speed of service to customers can be improved by making the layout of clothing products good and orderly, so that store staff can find clothing products quickly. Shoppers can also search and view apparel accessories that are often sold together quickly, potentially increasing store sales turnover. A better and more organized arrangement of clothing products can be done by analyzing sales transactions that occur daily at the store by using the Apriori algorithm. By using this algorithm, the shop owner can find out the tendency of a combination of clothing products that are often sold at the same time, so that the shop owner can arrange the layout of clothing products well and regularly so that buyers or employees can find and retrieve clothing products quickly. How the Apriori algorithm works to find a combination of clothing products that are often sold simultaneously from a sales transaction. Rules applied If buying KA-701 and KK-201 and SP-2001, then buy ST-651. Support and Confidence values are calculated until 4 combination items are obtained to get the best selling associative rule output output.
Current Trends in Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Applications and Match Rates
Authors: Trikha Rishi , Keswani Aakash , Ishmael Chad R. , Greig Danielle , Kelley Benjamin V. , Bernthal Nicholas M.
Published: January 2020

Background:

The current U.S. orthopaedic residency application process is becoming increasingly impersonal in the wake of an increasing number of applications. Through an analysis of orthopaedic surgery residency application statistics, we have highlighted the effect that the number of orthopaedic applications has on match rate, and we have suggested methods for a more personalized application process.

Methods:

Data from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) and the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) for United States orthopaedic residency applicants from 2008 to 2018 were collected. These data included the average number of applications submitted per applicant, the average number of applications received per program, the total number of residency positions offered in the U.S., the total number of U.S. applicants, and the total number of U.S. applicants who matched to a U.S. orthopaedic surgery residency program. U.S. applicant match rates and the average number of applications received per residency position offered were calculated. Linear regression models were used to determine the rate at which these variables changed over time.

Results:

The average number of applications submitted by an applicant increased from 46.5 in 2008 to 74.9 in 2018. The average number of applications received per residency position offered increased from 54.1 in 2008 to 85.7 in 2018. The number of U.S. applicants was 740 in 2008 and 849 in 2018. The number of U.S. orthopaedic residency programs only slightly increased from 160 in 2008 to 171 in 2018. The match rate for U.S. medical school applicants has remained stable from 2008 to 2018 at a mean of 76.9% and a standard deviation of 2.3%.

Conclusions:

The match rate has remained stable from 2008 to 2018 despite an increase in the number of applications per position. This discrepancy suggests that increasing the number of submitted applications may not correlate with applicant success. We address this discrepancy and suggest methods that can potentially allow for a more targeted orthopaedic application experience.
Domesticar la ‘selva digital’: El fanfiction a examen a través de la mirada de una fanfictioner
Authors: Vazquez-Calvo Boris , Garcia-Roca Anastasio , López Báez Cristina
Published: January 2020

El fanfiction es una práctica letrada vernácula con importantes potencialidades formativas en el que se ponen en funcionamiento competencias lectoras, escritoras y literarias. Este trabajo tiene por objeto explorar el ámbito del fanfiction hispanófono y, a la postre, ofrecer algunas ideas para “domesticar” estas actividades desarrolladas en espacios de afinidad. Para ello, haciendo uso de una metodología etnográfica participativa, presentamos un estudio de caso de PARTICIPANTE, reconocida fanfictioner en España y Latinoamérica. Finalmente, estos resultados se han cristalizado en una serie de propuestas de aula para el aula de lenguas, primeras y/o extranjeras. Con ellas, esperamos motivar estudios y experiencias que las desplieguen y desarrollen.
Análisis crítico al término “masivo” en los MOOC: una Cartografía Conceptual
Authors: Escudero-Nahón Alexandro
Published: January 2020

El modelo original de los Cursos Masivos Abiertos en Línea -MOOC, por sus siglas en inglés- se ha diversificado amplia y profundamente en poco tiempo. La transformación ha sido tal, que es difícil reconocer en los nuevos modelos de MOOC los preceptos de gratuidad, apertura y masividad, que caracterizaron al modelo original. El objetivo de esta investigación documental fue analizar los factores que provocaron dicha transformación. Se aplicó el método de Cartografía Conceptual, que es un procedimiento de análisis crítico en cuatro fases: 1) Búsqueda de documentos pertinentes al problema de investigación; 2) Definición de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión de documentos; 3) Análisis de datos con siete categorías (Desarrollo histórico, Noción, Caracterización, Categorización, Diferenciación, Clasificación y Vinculación); 4) Interpretación de los resultados bajo la perspectiva educativa del e-learning. El hallazgo principal sugiere que el término “masivo” alude solamente a la capacidad que la tecnología digital tiene para matricular masivamente, pero no es un término educativo. De hecho, el término “masivo” es contradictorio con los principios educativos del e-learning, que promueven el diseño de ambientes virtuales y personales de aprendizaje. La diversificación del modelo original de MOOC obedece al desarrollo de criterios educativos que fomentan la personalización del aprendizaje.
APOCALIPSIS DEL PSEUDO ATANASIO [ApPsAr(ar) II] EDICIÓN, TRADUCCIÓN ANOTADA Y ESTUDIO
Authors: Bonhome Pullido Lourdes
Published: January 2020

Reseña del libro "Apocalipsis del Pseudo Atanasio [ApPsAr(ar) II] Edición, traducción anotada y estudio" de JUAN PEDRO MONFERRER-SALA
Pengaruh Pemangkasan dan Aplikasi Sitokinin terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Teh (Camellia sinensis)
Authors: Dewi Anjarsari Intan Ratna , Hamdani Jajang Sauman , Suherman Cucu , Nurmala Tati , Syahrian Heri
Published: January 2020

Pruning on tea plants is an ecophysiological manipulation to initiate the growth of new shoots as the formation of pecco shoots. Cytokinin, one of which is benzyl amino purine (BAP), is a growth regulator that can be applied to stimulate shoot initiation after being pruned. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of pruning and cytokinin application on the growth and yield of tea. The study was conducted at the Experimental Station of the Tea and Quinine Research Center, Gambung at an altitude of 1250 m above sea level (asl), from June to August 2018. Plant material used in this study was a 7-year-old GMB 7 clone. The exerimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of eight treatment combinations with four replications and contained 32 experimental units. The treatments used were clean and jambul/ajir pruning, 40 cm and 60 cm pruning height and BAP concentration. The variable observed were number of pecco shoots, number of banji shoots, fresh weight and dry weight of shoots. The results showed that the combination of type and height of pruning with the BAP application affected the number of pecco and banji shoots on the third picking,  but did not affect the fresh and dry weight of shoots. The treatment of clean and jambul/ajir pruning at 60 cm height and added with BAP application at 60 ppm exhibited the best treatment in producing the number of shoots and reduce the number of banji shoots.
Time Utilization Assessment based on External Audit
Authors: Emel'yanovich Anzhelika , Lau Ivan , Vlasov Matthew
Published: January 2020

All current business management trends and techniques are aimed at improving the efficiency of personnel management. Traditionally, the main indicators of staff performance assessment are those of workforce productivity. According to labor productivity, Russia ranks 36th. This situation is caused by many factors, including poor management functions in the organization of staff work, i.e. planning, organization, motivation, and control. The research involved monitoring ordinary employees in situations when their managers had questions related to low productivity. Despite the digitalization of all economic sectors, the motion study still remains an objective and reliable tool that helps to understand work organization, as well as to explain low productivity and poor time utilization. The research objective was to analyze the results of the motion study conducted in two organizations, a self-regulatory construction firm and a large food production company. The authors analyzed the time management of the employees by using the motion study method. Therefore, the article presents the results of two projects implemented in different scale and industry organizations to identify the loss of working time and the causes of low productivity. They showed that the main cause of low efficiency, regardless of the size of the business, remains the poor management, especially planning and control.