bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive function in patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer – results from a prospective observational study
Authors: Grunewald Camilla M. , Feldmeier Vera , Supprian Tillmann , Albers Peter , Giessing Markus , Niegisch Günter
Published: March 2022

Background:

Impaired cognitive function of bladder cancer patients plays a role in coping with the kind of urinary diversion and may impact perioperative morbidity. In this study we therefore aimed to assess the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Secondary objectives included correlation of common cognition tests, assessment of the admitting physician, and perioperative complication rates.

Methods:

Patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer were prospectively screened by neuropsychological tests including cognition tests [DemTect (Dementia Detection test), MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination), clock drawing test] prior to surgery. Besides, clinical characteristics and perioperative outcomes were documented. Frequency of mild cognitive impairment as assessed by DemTect was correlated with the results of MMSE and clock drawing test, the occurrence of anxiety and depression, the assessment of the admitting physician, and perioperative complication rates as calculated by Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Comparative analysis (parametric and nonparametric) of patient characteristics (nonpathological versus pathological DemTect suggestive of mild cognitive impairment) was performed.

Results:

A total of 51 patients (80% male, median age 69 years) were analyzed. DemTect was suspicious of mild cognitive impairment in 27% (14/51) of patients, whereas MMSE and clock drawing test showed pathological results only in 10/51 and 6/51 patients, respectively. We found no correlation between mild cognitive impairment and anxiety/depression status. In all, 5/20 patients (25%) with suspicious DemTect results were considered suitable for a continent diversion neobladder by the admitting physician. Suspicious DemTect results were predictive for higher perioperative complication rates (29% versus 5%). Study limitations include small sample size and missing long-term follow-up.

Conclusions:

Mild cognitive impairment was observed in more than a quarter of radical cystectomy patients prior to surgery. Preoperative assessment should be supplemented by neuropsychological testing such as the DemTect as mild cognitive impairment is often underestimated and associated with significantly higher perioperative complication rates.
On the convective wave equation for the investigation of combustor stability using FEM-methods
Authors: Heilmann Gerrit , Sattelmayer Thomas
Published: March 2022

Solving the Helmholtz equation with spatially resolved finite element method (FEM) approaches is a well-established and cost-efficient methodology to numerically predict thermoacoustic instabilities. With the implied zero Mach number assumption all interaction mechanisms between acoustics and the mean flow velocity including the advection of acoustic waves are neglected. Incorporating these mechanisms requires higher-order approaches that come at massively increased computational cost. A tradeoff might be the convective wave equation in frequency domain, which covers the advection of waves and comes at equivalent cost as the Helmholtz equation. However, with this equation only being valid for uniform mean flow velocities it is normally not applicable to combustion processes. The present paper strives for analyzing the introduced errors when applying the convective wave equation to thermoacoustic stability analyses. Therefore, an acoustically consistent, inhomogeneous convective wave equation is derived first. Similar to Lighthill’s analogy, terms describing the interaction between acoustics and non-uniform mean flows are considered as sources. For the use with FEM approaches, a complete framework of the equation in weak formulation is provided. This includes suitable impedance boundary conditions and a transfer matrix coupling procedure. In a modal stability analysis of an industrial gas turbine combustion chamber, the homogeneous wave equation in frequency domain is subsequently compared to the Helmholtz equation and the consistent Acoustic Perturbation Equations (APE). The impact of selected source terms on the solution is investigated. Finally, a methodology using the convective wave equation in frequency domain with vanishing source terms in arbitrary mean flow fields is presented.
Treatment with pyrotinib-based therapy in lapatinib-resistant HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: a multicenter real-world study
Authors: Hua Yijia , Li Wei , Jin Nan , Cai Dongyan , Sun Jie , Sun Chunxiao , Yang Fan , Wu Xinyu , Huang Xiang , Wang Biyun , Yin Yongmei
Published: March 2022

Background:

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective for treating human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer. However, therapies subsequent to TKI progression remain controversial, and effective treatments for TKI resistance are urgently needed. We evaluate the practice of exchange of TKIs, which involves treatment with a different TKI following prior TKI failure. Specifically, this study investigated the efficacy of pyrotinib-based therapy in lapatinib-resistant HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (NCT04899128).

Methods:

This real-world study included 76 patients diagnosed with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who received pyrotinib-based therapy after lapatinib progression at four Chinese institutions between August 2018 and March 2020. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and toxicity profiles were reported.

Results:

All patients received pyrotinib-based therapy in two or later line therapy. The median PFS was 8.0 months (95% CI 5.1–10.9). OS has not reached. The ORR and CBR were 17.1% and 60.5%, respectively. The median PFS was 7.1 months (95% CI 5.633–8.567) and intracranial ORR was 42.9% in patients who had brain metastasis ( n = 14). Patients who benefited from lapatinib ⩾ 6.0 months prior exhibited a longer PFS (10.6 versus 6.0 months, p = 0.034, stratified hazard ratio (HR) 0.534, 95% CI 0.293–0.975). The most common adverse effects were diarrhea ( n = 34, 44.7%) and hand-foot syndrome ( n = 10, 13.2%).

Conclusion:

Pyrotinib-based therapy has the potential to improve survival in patients with lapatinib-resistant HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, including those with brain metastases. Pyrotinib could provide a clinically significant increase in PFS for patients who benefited from prior lapatinib.
A population-based study in synchronous versus metachronous metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pape Marieke , Vissers Pauline A. J. , Bertwistle David , McDonald Laura , Slingerland Marije , Haj Mohammad Nadia , Beerepoot Laurens V. , Ruurda Jelle P. , Nieuwenhuijzen Grard A. P. , Jeene Paul M. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , Verhoeven Rob H. A.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Real-world data on treatment and outcomes in patients with synchronous metastatic disease compared with patients with metachronous metastatic disease in esophagogastric cancer have not been published before. The aim of our study was to explore treatment, overall survival (OS), and time to treatment fialure (TTF) in patients with synchronous and metachronous metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods:

Patients with synchronous metastatic disease (2015–2017) and patients with metachronous metastatic disease initially treated with curative intent for nonmetastatic disease (2015–2016) were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. OS and TTF were assessed from metastatic diagnosis for patients with synchronous, early metachronous (⩽6 months) or late metachronous (>6 months) metastatic disease using Kaplan–Meier curves with two-sided log-rank test.

Results:

Median OS was 4.2, 2.1, and 4.4 months in patients with synchronous, early metachronous, and late metachronous metastatic disease, respectively ( p < 0.001). The proportion of patients receiving systemic treatment was 41.3%, 21.5%, and 32.5% for synchronous, early metachronous, and late metachronous metastatic disease, respectively ( p = 0.001). Among patients receiving systemic treatment, median OS was 8.8, 4.5, and 9.1 months ( p < 0.001) and median TTF was 6.1, 3.8, and 5.7 months ( p < 0.001) in synchronous, early metachronous, and late metachronous metastatic disease, respectively.

Conclusion:

Patients with early metachronous metastatic disease have a worse survival compared with patients with synchronous or late metachronous metastatic disease. These patients less often receive systemic treatment, and even when treated, survival is worse compared with patients with synchronous or late metachronous metastatic disease, suggesting a more aggressive tumor behavior.
European gas price crisis: Is Gazprom responsible?
Authors: Milov Vladimir
Published: March 2022

Many commentators have blamed Gazprom, Europe’s largest gas supplier, for contributing to the 2021–2 European natural gas price crisis through market manipulation and withholding the necessary gas supply volumes from the European market. Is there any substance to such claims? Is Gazprom really involved in manipulating the European gas market and prompting the record-breaking surge in European natural gas prices? The current article analyses the official figures on Gazprom’s production capabilities, and supply and demand, and offers some insights as to why exactly claims of market manipulation by Gazprom should be taken seriously. It argues that Gazprom did indeed have the ability to ease the pressure on the European gas market in 2021, but did not use it as one would expect of a company acting in good faith. Figures shown in the article lay out a detailed case that the EU authorities should open an investigation into Gazprom’s market manipulation.
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Oligopeptide Effects on Enhancing Memory, Cognition and Improving Sleep Quality in Teenagers and Elderly People in a Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Yeh Ai-Ling , Chao Chien-Liang , Huang Wen-Fang , Lin Hang-Ching , Wang Chao-Jih
Published: March 2022

Walnut has been reported to have beneficial effects on improving cognitive performance. This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluates the clinical effectiveness and safety of walnut oligopeptide (WO) on memory enhancement, cognition, and sleep quality in teenagers and elderly people. Eighteen teenagers and 18 elderly people were, respectively, randomly allocated to placebo, low dosage (170 mg), and high dosage (340 mg) WO administration groups (n = 6 per group in each population). After 90 days of administration, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) score was significantly increased and the global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score was significantly decreased in the WO administration group. In addition, the average scores for test subjects of Chinese, Mathematics, and English examinations were significantly increased from the baseline for the teenagers in the WO administration group. Our results support the claim that WO has the potential to become a new option for nutritional intervention, to enhance the memory, cognitive ability, and sleep quality of teenagers and elderly people. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Shanghai Nutrition Society and registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn ) with an ID number of ChiCTR1900028160.
The Effects of Flagging Propaganda Sources on News Sharing: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Twitter
Authors: Liang Fan , Zhu Qinfeng , Li Gabriel Miao
Published: March 2022

While research on flagging misinformation and disinformation has received much attention, we know very little about how the flagging of propaganda sources could affect news sharing on social media. Using a quasi-experimental design, we test the effect of source flagging on people’s actual sharing behaviors. By analyzing tweets ( N = 49,126) posted by 30 China's media accounts before and after Twitter's practice of labeling state-affiliated media, we reveal the corrective role that flagging plays in preventing people's sharing of information from propaganda sources. The findings suggest that the corrective effect occurs immediately after these accounts are labeled as state-affiliated media and it leads to a long-term reduction in news sharing, particularly for political content. The results contribute to the understanding of how flagging efforts affect user engagement in real-world conversations and highlight that the effect of corrective measures takes place in a dynamic process.
Social Media and Belief in Misinformation in Mexico: A Case of Maximal Panic, Minimal Effects?
Authors: Valenzuela Sebastián , Muñiz Carlos , Santos Marcelo
Published: March 2022

Contrary to popular narratives, it is not clear whether using social media for news increases belief in political misinformation. Several of the most methodologically sound studies find small to nonexistent effects. However, extant research is limited by focusing on few platforms (usually Facebook, Twitter or YouTube) and is heavily U.S. centered. This leaves open the possibility that other platforms, such as those that rely on visual communication (e.g., Instagram) or are tailored to strong-tie network communication (e.g., WhatsApp), are more influential. Furthermore, the few studies conducted in other countries suggest that social media use increases political misperceptions. Still, these works use cross-sectional designs, which are ill suited to dealing with omitted variable bias and temporal ordering of processes. Using a two-wave survey fielded in Mexico during the 2021 midterm elections (N = 596), we estimate the relationship between frequency of news exposure on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram and WhatsApp, and belief in political misinformation, while controlling for both time-invariant and time-dependent individual differences. In contrast to political discussion, information literacy and digital skills, none of the social platforms analyzed exhibits a significant association with misinformed beliefs. We also tested for possible indirect, moderated, and reciprocal relationships, but none of these analyses yielded a statistically significant result. We conclude that the study is consistent with the “minimal media effects” paradigm, which suggests that efforts to address misinformation need to go beyond social platforms.
Neural Correlates of Self-Reported Knee Function in Individuals After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Criss Cody R. , Lepley Adam S. , Onate James A. , Simon Janet E. , France Christopher R. , Clark Brian C. , Grooms Dustin R.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common knee injury among athletes and physically active adults. Despite surgical reconstruction and extensive rehabilitation, reinjuries are common and disability levels are high, even years after therapy and return to activity. Prolonged knee dysfunction may result in part from unresolved neuromuscular deficits of the surrounding joint musculature in response to injury. Indeed, “upstream” neurological adaptations occurring after injury may explain these persistent functional deficits. Despite evidence for injury consequences extending beyond the joint to the nervous system, the link between neurophysiological impairments and patient-reported measures of knee function remains unclear.

Hypothesis:

Patterns of brain activation for knee control are related to measures of patient-reported knee function in individuals after ACL reconstruction (ACL-R).

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

In this multicenter, cross-sectional study, participants with unilateral ACL-R (n = 25; 10 men, 15 women) underwent task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging testing. Participants performed repeated cycles of open-chain knee flexion/extension. Neural activation patterns during the movement task were quantified using blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) signals. Regions of interest were generated using the Juelich Histological Brain Atlas. Pearson product-moment correlations were used to determine the relationship between mean BOLD signal within each brain region and self-reported knee function level, as measured by the International Knee Documentation Committee index. Partial correlations were also calculated after controlling for time from surgery and sex.

Results:

Patient-reported knee function was positively and moderately correlated with the ipsilateral secondary somatosensory cortex ( r = 0.57, P = 0.005) and the ipsilateral supplementary motor area ( r = 0.51, P = 0.01).

Conclusion:

Increased ipsilateral secondary sensorimotor cortical activity is related to higher perceived knee function.

Clinical Relevance:

Central nervous system mechanisms for knee control are related to subjective levels of knee function after ACL-R. Increased neural activity may reflect central neuroplastic strategies to preserve knee functionality after traumatic injury.
Physiotherapy interventions may relieve pain in individuals with central neuropathic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Kannan Priya , Bello Umar Muhammad , Winser Stanley John
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

To evaluate the effectiveness of any form of physiotherapy intervention for the management of central neuropathic pain (cNeP) due to any underlying cause.

Methods:

Multiple databases were searched from inception until August 2021. Randomised controlled trials evaluating physiotherapy interventions compared to a control condition on pain among people with cNeP were included. Methodological quality and the quality of evidence were assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool, respectively.

Results:

The searches yielded 2661 studies, of which 23 randomised controlled trials met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analyses. Meta-analyses of trials examining non-invasive neurostimulation revealed significant reductions in pain severity due to spinal cord injury (SCI; standardised mean difference (SMD): −0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.07, −0.11), p = 0.02) and phantom limb pain (weighted mean difference (WMD): −1.57 (95% CI: −2.85, −0.29), p = 0.02). The pooled analyses of trials utilising acupuncture, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and mirror therapy showed significant reductions in pain severity among individuals with stroke (WMD: −1.46 (95% CI: −1.97, −0.94), p < 0.001), multiple sclerosis (SMD: −0.32 (95% CI: −0.57, −0.06), p = 0.01), and phantom limb pain (SMD: −0.74 (95% CI: −1.36, −0.11), p = 0.02), respectively. Exercise was also found to significantly reduce pain among people with multiple sclerosis (SMD: −1.58 (95% CI: −2.85, −0.30), p = 0.02).

Conclusion:

Evidence supports the use of non-invasive neurostimulation for the treatment of pain secondary to SCI and phantom limb pain. Beneficial pain management outcomes were also identified for acupuncture in stroke, TENS in multiple sclerosis, and mirror therapy in phantom limb pain.
Recent advance in treatment of atherosclerosis: Key targets and plaque-positioned delivery strategies
Authors: Li Li , Liu Sainan , Tan Jianying , Wei Lai , Wu Dimeng , Gao Shuai , Weng Yajun , Chen Junying
Published: March 2022

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of vascular wall, is a progressive pathophysiological process with lipids oxidation/depositing initiation and innate/adaptive immune responses. The coordination of multi systems covering oxidative stress, dysfunctional endothelium, diseased lipid uptake, cell apoptosis, thrombotic and pro-inflammatory responding as well as switched SMCs contributes to plaque growth. In this circumstance, inevitably, targeting these processes is considered to be effective for treating atherosclerosis. Arriving, retention and working of payload candidates mediated by targets in lesion direct ultimate therapeutic outcomes. Accumulating a series of scientific studies and clinical practice in the past decades, lesion homing delivery strategies including stent/balloon/nanoparticle-based transportation worked as the potent promotor to ensure a therapeutic effect. The objective of this review is to achieve a very brief summary about the effective therapeutic methods cooperating specifical targets and positioning-delivery strategies in atherosclerosis for better outcomes.
Nature and the native
Authors: Vasko Timothy Bowers
Published: March 2022

Critics of climate collapse and colonization in the Americas rightly identify the origin of these twin crises in early modern political theologies. They seek to combat these crises with new political theologies of nature that pay greater reverence to “native” peoples’ ecological knowledge. But in doing so, these critics subtly, perhaps unwittingly, recall elements of the colonial power they criticize. I explain why this is the case, examining Bartolomé de Las Casas’s use of naturales in his critiques of Spanish Conquest, and Thomas Harriot’s use of naturall inhabitants in his writing on English colonization to describe “native” Americans. Both authors aimed to promote politico-theological reverence for “native” peoples and their relationships with “nature.” This set into motion a productive form of power operating in modern political theologies. This power works by legitimizing the European-Christian presence in the Americas through their ability to recognize, respect, and protect “native” relationships with “nature.”
Pregnant mothers’ knowledge, attitude, practice and its predictors towards nutrition in public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Gezimu Wubishet , Bekele Firomsa , Habte Getu
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

Insufficient nutrition can predisposes women to infection, pregnancy losses, preeclampsia and anaemia as well birth of underweight baby whose survival is threatened. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess pregnant mothers’ nutrition knowledge, attitude, practice and associated factors.

Methods:

A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 378 participants who were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Quantitative data were collected using a structured and interviewer-administered questionnaire, which consisted of questions on sociodemographic features, obstetrics characteristics and pregnant women’s nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice. Data entry and analysis were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistical version 23. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to identify associated factors. All variables with p-value of < 0.23 in bivariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis, and finally, statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05 with 95% confidence interval.

Result:

From 378 women participated, a total of 231 (61.1%) respondents were in age range of 25–34 years. About 148 (39.1%) of women were not knowledgeable, 153 (40.5%) had an unfavourable attitude, and 47.7% had poor dietary practice. Knowledge (adjusted odds ratio = 4.5; 95% confidence interval: 2.88, 10.06, p = 0.03), attitude (adjusted odds ratio = 3.6; 95% confidence interval: 2.43, 6.66, p = 0.04) and practice (adjusted odds ratio = 3.6; 95% confidence interval: 2.43, 6.66, p = 0.036) were all significantly associated with maternal education. Regarding their occupation, merchant women were seven times (adjusted odds ratio = 7.02; 95% confidence interval: 2.88, 17.09, p = 0.01) more likely to have knowledge and government employees were six times (adjusted odds ratio = 6.05; 95% confidence interval: 3.58, 13.05, p = 0.04) more likely to be knowable than housewives. Moreover, multiparous women were 4.77 times (adjusted odds ratio = 4.77; 95% confidence interval: 1.15, 8.66, p = 0.002) more likely to be knowledgeable compared to primigravida women. Monthly income was also associated to attitude (adjusted odds ratio = 0.45, 95% confidence interval: 0.10, 1.66, p = 0.03). Women who had a favourable attitude were five times (adjusted odds ratio = 5.25; 95% confidence interval: 2.36, 9.62, p = 0.04) more likely to have good nutritional practices during pregnancy.

Conclusion:

Pregnant women’s knowledge, attitude and practice towards nutrition in this area were low. The educational status of women was associated with knowledge; attitude and practice. Likewise, occupation and parity were associated with knowledge; and attitude was also found to be a determinant factor of nutritional practice. Therefore, community nutritional education and antenatal nutritional counselling need to be strengthened in the area.
Carbon ion radiotherapy for recurrent ameloblastoma: A case report
Authors: Zhang Yihe , Li Xiaojun , Zhang Yanshan , Ye Yancheng , Pan Xin , Hu Tingchao , Chen Weizuo , Chai Hongyu , Wang Xin , Yang Yuling
Published: March 2022

Ameloblastoma is a kind of benign, odontogenic tumor of epithelial origin, and surgery is mainstay treatment method; however, recurrence is common, and usually the treatment for recurrence is still surgery. We report on a patient of recurrent ameloblastoma treated with carbon ion radiation therapy and achieved a good efficacy. A 25-year-old female with relapse of an ameloblastoma was referred to the Wuwei Heavy Ion Center for carbon ion therapy. She had been initially diagnosed with ameloblastoma 8 years ago and underwent operation of right mandible ameloblastoma. After she transferred to our center, she accepted a dose of 60 GyE carbon ion radiation therapy, and the efficacy is good. Carbon ion radiation therapy can be an effective treatment option for ameloblastoma.
A roadmap for the development and evaluation of the eHealthResp online course
Authors: Estrela Marta , Magalhães Silva Tânia , Pisco Almeida Ana Margarida , Regueira Carlos , Zapata-Cachafeiro Maruxa , Figueiras Adolfo , Roque Fátima , Herdeiro Maria Teresa
Published: March 2022

Background

Inappropriate antibiotic use constitutes one of the most concerning public health issues, being one of the main causes of antibiotic resistance. Hence, to tackle this issue, it is important to encourage the development of educational interventions for health practitioners, namely by using digital health tools. This study focuses on the description of the development and validation process of the eHealthResp online course, a web platform directed to physicians and pharmacists, with the overall goal of improving antibiotic use for respiratory tract infections, along with the assessment of its usability.

Methods

The eHealthResp platform and the courses, developed with a user-centered design and based on Wordpress and MySQL, were based on a previously developed online course. A questionnaire to assess the usability was distributed among physicians (n = 6) and pharmacists (n = 6). Based on the obtained results, statistical analyses were conducted to calculate the usability score and appraise the design of the online course, as well as to compare the overall scores attributed by both groups. Further qualitative comments provided by the participants have also been analyzed.

Results

The eHealthResp contains two online courses directed to physicians and pharmacists aiming to aid in the management of respiratory tract infections. The average usability score of the eHealthResp online courses for physicians and pharmacists was of 78.33 (±11.57, 95%CI), and 83.75 (±15.90, 95%CI), respectively. Qualitative feedback emphasized the usefulness of the course, including overall positive reviews regarding user-friendliness and consistency.

Conclusions

This study led us to conclude that the eHealthResp online course is not recognized as a complex web platform, as both qualitative and quantitative feedback obtained were globally positive.
Feeling Authentic on Social Media: Subjective Authenticity Across Instagram Stories and Posts
Authors: Kreling Rebekka , Meier Adrian , Reinecke Leonard
Published: March 2022

Self-presentation on social network sites (SNS) such as Instagram is often assumed to be inauthentic or even fake. While authenticity on SNS has been linked to increased well-being, most research has investigated it either monolithically (e.g., via screen time measures) or with regard to stable self-presentations (e.g., in Facebook profiles). In contrast, this study compares subjective authenticity perceptions within users and between self-presentations via two SNS features—Stories vs Posts. Drawing on the affordances approach, we theorize and test whether and how Stories produce greater state authenticity than Posts. Results from a preregistered within-subjects study comparing self-reports on N = 489 Posts and N = 546 Stories from N = 202 Instagram users show that by allowing more spontaneous self-presentation, Stories indeed produced (slightly) higher authenticity perceptions than Posts. However, subjective authenticity was high in both features, indicating that they similarly offer a space for authentic online self-presentation.
Establishing a Patient-Centered Virtual Care Model Across the Continuum of Care
Authors: Zhang Xiu , McJoynt Terre , Furst Joseph W. , Myers Jane F.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

The once-in-a-generation COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the pace at which virtual care (VC) was advanced to triage, evaluate, and care for patients. An early adopter of VC delivery, Mayo Clinic had provided video visits and other remote care options for more than 5 years, yet the need for VC during the pandemic surpassed our available capacity for telehealth care.

Methods:

To continue providing high-quality care while preventing exposure of patients and staff to high-risk environments, staff from Primary Care and Express Care (minor acute services) collaborated to expand the outpatient VC service to triage patients with acute or chronic symptoms and to address concerns that could be managed remotely. We aimed to maximize the treatment options available outside of high-cost settings and also aimed to accelerate development of longer-term solutions for improving care coordination and continuous population management.

Results:

Patient use of virtual visits showed an unprecedented increase after changes were implemented that expanded the existing virtual visit menu, facilitated patient self-triage and direct scheduling, streamlined physical connections for virtual appointments, and incorporated additional language (medical interpreter) support. The combination of patient convenience, ease of scheduling, and added safety for providers and patients, in conjunction with other telehealth options, resulted in a better overall patient experience.

Conclusion:

Any organization that is considering deploying a sustainable program of VC must put patient needs and safety at the center. Organizations should seize opportunities to agilely adjust and advance any emergency-response solutions to serve a longer-term purpose.
Current Practice of Italian Association of Revision Surgery Members in the Treatment of Unified Classification System Type B Periprosthetic Femoral Fracture Around Hip Arthroplasty: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Capone Antonio , Cavaliere Pietro , Campacci Antonio , Carulli Christian , Pignatti Giovanni , Randelli Filippo , Marelli Bruno , Esopi Paolo , Congia Stefano , Marongiu Giuseppe
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Periprosthetic femoral fracture around hip arthroplasty are growing in the world, nevertheless management and treatment options for fractures “around the stem” are still debated due to lack of high-level studies.

Materials and method

A 85-item survey were fill out by 40 Italian Orthopedic Surgeon member of SIOT (Società Italiana di Ortopedia e Traumatologia) and AIR (Associazione Italiana Riprotesizzazione) to assess their current opinion in the management of type B periprosthetic femoral fractures. Responses were summarized using proportions, and further stratified by practice type, case volume, surgeon age, and fellowship training.

Results

Vancouver/UCS fracture classification showed a good interobserver agreement (k value = .76). ORIF were the treatment of choice for UCS type B1 fractures (100%), revision stem for B2 (85%) and B3 (100%). Locked plates were preferred to cable plate and cerclage without a plate for B1 fractures (50% vs 40% vs 10%); revision with modular stem was preferred to monoblock stem for B2 fractures (50% vs 35%) and B3 (75% vs 15%). Responders tended to postpone at 1-month weight-bearing in patients with B1 fractures. Regarding postoperative pharmacological treatment there was absolute lack of consensus.

Discussion

The primary finding of our survey confirmed the preference of ORIF for B1 fractures and stem revision for B2 and B3 fractures. However, there is no definitive operative technique for all UCS B fractures. Surgeons tended to favor locked plating over cable plating, although only slightly. This general lack of consensus coincides with the inconclusive evidence that currently exists in the literature, which demonstrates both favorable and unfavorable outcomes for both techniques

Conclusions

The absence of complete homogeneity among participants showed the need for prospective randomized studies to set up stronger guidelines for classification, management, surgical treatment, rehabilitation, and pharmacological support of periprosthetic femoral fractures.
Optimal Well-Being After Psychopathology: Prevalence and Correlates
Authors: Devendorf Andrew R. , Rum Ruba , Kashdan Todd B. , Rottenberg Jonathan
Published: March 2022

Optimal functioning after psychopathology is understudied. We report the prevalence of optimal well-being (OWB) following recovery after depression, suicidal ideation, generalized anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, and substance use disorders. Using a national Canadian sample ( N = 23,491), we operationalized OWB as absence of 12-month psychopathology, coupled with scoring above the 25th national percentile on psychological well-being and below the 25th percentile on disability measures. Compared with 24.1% of participants without a history of psychopathology, 9.8% of participants with a lifetime history of psychopathology met OWB. Adults with a history of substance use disorders (10.2%) and depression (7.1%) were the most likely to report OWB. Persons with anxiety (5.7%), suicidal ideation (5.0%), bipolar I (3.3%), and bipolar II (3.2%) were less likely to report OWB. Having a lifetime history of just one disorder increased the odds of OWB by a factor of 4.2 relative to having a lifetime history of multiple disorders. Although psychopathology substantially reduces the probability of OWB, many individuals with psychopathology attain OWB.
How Menopausal Symptoms are Related to Different Stages of Postmenopausal Years: A Study from Eastern India
Authors: Dasgupta Doyel , Roy Subho , Pal Baidyanath
Published: March 2022

The present study aimed to investigate how menopausal symptoms are related to different stages of postmenopausal years. The study participants (n = 715) were divided into four groups based on the quartile values of their years after menopause – Stage 1(1 – 2 years), Stage 2 (>2 – 5 years), Stage 3 (>5 – 9 years), and Stage 4 (>9 years). Menopausal symptoms were grouped into three domains namely physical, urinary and vaginal. We applied Correspondence Analysis to determine the interdependent relationship between menopausal symptoms and postmenopausal stages. The highest canonical correlation was observed between vaginal domain and menopausal stages. Participants who were at menopausal stages 3 and 4 independently showed proximity with vasomotor symptoms and urge incontinence; and those at stages 1 and stages 2 were more prone to physical symptoms. Arthralgia is recognized in early menopausal life, however its intensity increased with increase in menopausal age. The prevalence of urogenital atrophy increased with increase in postmenopausal years.
Carbon Neutral Hand Surgery: Simple Changes to Reduce Carbon Footprint
Authors: Ma Yangmyung , Han Seunghee
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Rapid climate change poses a major challenge to healthcare. The operating room is especially responsible for carbon emission, with 20% to 70% of hospital waste traced back to the operating room. This literature review aims to suggest changes that can be made in hand surgery for a more sustainable practice. Methods: A literature search was conducted from PubMed, Medline, and other online search engines with the keywords “carbon footprint, environmental health, carbon neutral, plastic surgery, hand surgery, surgery.” Results: “Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Research, Rethink and Culture” was the framework used to recommend a more carbon neutral practice. In reduction, techniques such as cutting down oversupply of materials, adopting protocols to perform cases in ambulatory settings, and simple measures to reduce energy were identified as valuable methods. Modified sterilization techniques and reprocessing single-use devices were techniques identified for reuse and recycling involved single-stream recycling, staff training, and donation of basic surgical supplies. Research involved adopting data-driven programs for life cycle assessment of all equipment in the operating room, while the use of telemedicine and “green meetings’ were suggested for rethinking. Finally, strategies to encourage a team approach to environmental responsibility were discussed. Conclusion: Carbon neutral practice must be implemented to safeguard sustainable and cost-effective operating rooms and healthcare systems. Hand surgery can pave the way for other specialties through the use of available resources to develop guidelines for carbon neutral practice. This requires active effort from hand surgeons to act as role models for other healthcare professionals.
Food Price Inflation and Relative Price Variability in India: Evidence from Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Samal Asharani , Goyari Phanindra
Published: March 2022

The present study examines the decomposition of relative price variability into two components (i.e., inflationary and real factors) in India using monthly data on 105 commodities prices over the period January 2005 to March 2017. The analysis of the study revealed that under primary food articles, 53% of relative price variability is due to real factors, and the remaining 47% due to inflationary factors. Whereas for manufactured food products, 30% of relative price variability is due to real factors, and the rest of the 70% due to inflationary factors. Overall, the important conclusion that emerges from the analysis is that few commodity prices have a larger contribution to relative price variability in the food basket. The majority of commodity prices under primary food articles have a larger contribution to variability in relative price changes, whereas under manufactured food products have the least contribution. Moreover, this study also accounts for wholesale price index and consumer price index non-food commodities to identify to which extent relative price variability is determined by real and inflationary factors.

JEL Classifications: E30, E31, Q11, L66
Effects of Leg Length, Sex, Laterality, and the Intermediate Femoral Cutaneous Nerve on Infrapatellar Innervation
Authors: Johnson Kenneth S. , Rowe Joanna , Hans Kanwalgeet , Gordon Victoria , Lewis Adam L. , Marolt Clayton , Willett Gilbert M. , Orth Charles , Keim-Janssen Sarah , Olinger Anthony
Published: March 2022

Background:

An iatrogenic injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve (IPBSN) is a common precipitant of postoperative knee pain and hypoesthesia.

Purpose:

To locate potential safe zones for incision by observing the patterns and pathway of the IPBSN while examining the relationship of its location to sex, laterality, and leg length.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

A total of 107 extended knees from 55 formalin-embalmed cadaveric specimens were dissected. The nerve was measured from palpable landmarks: the patella at the medial (point A) and lateral (point B) borders of the patellar ligament, the medial border of the patellar ligament at the patellar apex (point C) and tibial plateau (point D), the medial epicondyle (point E), and the anterior border of the medial collateral ligament at the tibial plateau (point F). The safe zone was defined as 2 SDs from the mean.

Results:

Findings indicated significant correlations between leg length and height ( r P = 0.832; P < .001) as well as between leg length and vertical measurements (≥45°) from points A and B to the IPBSN ( r P range, 0.193-0.285; P range, .004-.049). Male specimens had a more inferior maximum distance from point A to the intersection of the IPBSN and the medial border of the patellar ligament compared with female specimens (6.17 vs 5.28 cm, respectively; P = .049). Right knees had a more posterior IPBSN from point F compared with left knees (–0.98 vs–0.02 cm, respectively; P = .048). The majority of knees (62.6%; n = 67) had a nerve emerging that penetrated the sartorius muscle. Additionally, 32.7% (n = 35) had redundant innervation, and 25.2% (n = 27) had contribution from the intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve (IFCN).

Conclusion:

We identified no safe zone. Significant innervation redundancy with a substantial contribution to the infrapatellar area from the IFCN was noted and contributed to the expansion of the danger zone.

Clinical Relevance:

The location of incision and placement of arthroscopic ports might not be as crucial in postoperative pain management as an appreciation of the variance in infrapatellar innervation. The IFCN is a common contributor. Its damage could explain pain refractory to SN blocks and therefore influence anesthetic and analgesic decisions.
Comparison of Locking Plate Fixation and Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction for Neer Type 2B Distal Clavicle Fractures
Authors: Kim Dong Jin , Lee Yoon Min , Yoon Eun Ji , Sur Yoo Joon
Published: March 2022

Background:

There remains no consensus regarding which repair technique provides the most optimal results for unstable distal clavicle fractures.

Purpose:

To compare radiologic and clinical outcomes between locking plate fixation and anatomic coracoclavicular (CC) ligament reconstruction for patients with unstable distal clavicle fractures.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The study included 41 patients with Neer type 2B distal clavicle fracture. In group A (n = 15), patients were treated using CC ligament reconstruction with autologous palmaris longus tendon, artificial tape, and Steinmann pin fixation; in group B (n = 26), patients were treated using anatomic locking plate fixation. All patients had a minimum 2 years of follow-up. CC distance and arthrosis of the acromioclavicular joint were assessed radiographically. Clinical outcomes—including range of motion, visual analog scale for pain, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons rating scale, and Constant score—were compared between the groups using the paired Student t test and Fisher exact test.

Results:

Bone union was attained in all patients. In both groups, the CC distance decreased significantly from presurgery to final follow-up: group A, from 16.25 ± 4.75 to 7.66 ± 2.61 mm ( P < .001); group B, from 17.3 ± 4.07 to 9.33 ± 2.01 mm ( P < .001). The final CC distance was significantly greater in group B (7.66 vs 9.33 mm in groups A and B, respectively; P = .028). Osteoarthritis of the acromioclavicular joint occurred in 13 of 41 patients (3 in group A and 10 in group B). At final follow-up, there was no statistical significance between the groups in range of motion, and clinical outcome scores were satisfactory in both groups, with no statistical difference between them.

Conclusion:

Anatomic locking plate and anatomic reconstruction of the CC ligament showed good clinical results, so both techniques can be considered reliable for restoring stability. However, CC ligament reconstruction had better CC distance on radiologic assessment and did not require removal surgery, so it may be the preferable surgical option to treat unstable distal clavicle fractures (Neer type 2B).
Variation in Child Serum Cholesterol and Prevalence of Familiar Hypercholesterolemia: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)
Authors: Fabiani Ester , Strand Martin Frank , Lindberg Morten , Goswami Nandu , Fredriksen Per Morten
Published: March 2022

Early stages of atherosclerosis may develop in childhood due to hyperlipidemia. The aims are to investigate the prevalence of familiar hypercholesterolemia in 6 to 12-year-old children and to study the deviation in cholesterol measures. Anthropometric data and venous blood were collected from children participating in the Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP). Out of 18 children with TC > 6.0 mmol/L, 15 were tested genetically and none diagnosed with FH. The prevalence of TC > 6.0 mmol/L declined from 1.3% in 2015 to 0.5% in 2016. The mean TC was 4.30 mmol/L both years, which is lower than in earlier studies. Usage of a single TC measurement and a threshold of TC > 6.0 mmol/L in screening children for FH, may not be a good screening strategy. While lipid values have a good reliability across 2 measurements, there are variations in individual TC levels across 1 year.
The impact of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals on corporate sustainability reporting
Authors: Whittingham Keith L , Earle Andrew G , Leyva-de la Hiz Dante I , Argiolas Alessia
Published: March 2022

In 2015, the United Nations launched the SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGs) in collaboration with civil society and firms, recognizing that leading firms have the potential to innovate bold solutions at scale to achieve global sustainability. Exploring the impact of the SDGs’ launch on firms, through the lens of normative pressure, we apply computer-aided text analysis to the language used in sustainability reports of 164 large corporations to investigate whether and how the SDGs impacted sustainability reporting. Results show that, when comparing firms’ sustainability reports before and after 2015, increasing alignment was observed with the language of certain SDGs, while alignment did not significantly change for other SDGs. We further analyze these changes across industries, natural resource intensity levels, and geo-institutional contexts, revealing variation among firms based on institutional characteristics that may point to selection priorities and critical gaps as global firms engage with the grand challenges embodied in the SDGs.

JEL CLASSIFICATION: M14
Boundary management and recovery when working from home: The moderating roles of segmentation preference and availability demands
Authors: Haun Verena C , Remmel Chiara , Haun Sascha
Published: March 2022

Blurred work–home boundaries can hamper teleworkers’ recovery from job demands. In this study, we investigate teleworkers’ temporal, physical, communicative, and technological boundary tactics as predictors of recovery experiences (i.e. psychological detachment and control during leisure time) and recovery outcomes (i.e. exhaustion). We hypothesized that individuals’ work–home segmentation preference as a personal factor and availability demands as a situational factor should moderate the relations between boundary tactics and recovery. Using a web-based survey, we collected data from 274 individuals who mainly worked from home in a lockdown period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results of hierarchical regression analyses revealed that the use of temporal boundary tactics was positively associated with psychological detachment, control, and lower exhaustion. The use of technological boundary tactics was related to higher psychological detachment. Our moderator hypotheses were partly confirmed: Segmentation preference and availability demands strengthened the relationships between several boundary tactics and psychological detachment, control, and exhaustion. In sum, our study contributes to a better understanding of teleworkers’ recovery processes and provides actionable knowledge for teleworkers on how to enable and sustain their recovery.