bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implant Imaging
Authors: Bhoosreddy Ajay R , Bhoosreddy Seema , Shirsekar Vinayak Umesh
Published: November 2013

Implants improve the quality of life for patients who are unable to keep their natural teeth, fix acute problems, and give patients the benefit of restorative improvements for a modern lifestyle. The greatest key to successful implant placement is accurate preplacement assessment. Imaging plays a pivotal role in preplacement assessment. Success of dental implant restorations is in part, dependent on adequate diagnostic information about the bony structures of the oral region. This article reviews the applications of different imaging technologies and their diagnostic contribution to presurgical evaluation, treatment planning and postoperative assessment of dental implants.

How to cite this article

Bhoosreddy AR, Bhoosreddy S, Shirsekar VU. Implant Imaging. J Contemp Dent 2013;3(3): 127-132.
Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion Using a Fixed Functional Appliance
Authors: Sonawane Manish Suresh , Karandikar Girish Ramchandra , Shah Shaili Sanjay , Kulkarni Vinayak Shridharrao , Burad Hitesh Jagadish
Published: November 2013

Treatment of class II malocclusion has always been an enigma to the orthodontic fraternity. Noncompliant correction of class II malocclusion using fixed functional appliances at the deceleration stage of growth has gained tremendous popularity in the recent times. Aim of the illustrated article is to demonstrate the efficacy of a fixed functional appliance in correction of class II malocclusion. We are reporting a 12-year-old female patient with a skeletal class II malocclusion treated using the Forsus appliance. Forsus FRD was the best option considering age, patient comfort, ease of installation, predictable results and patient compliance. The appliance was worn for 5 months after the initial alignment with fixed mechanotherapy (MBT 0.022"). The mandible was brought forward to a class I skeletal and dental relationship by the end of this phase of treatment.

How to cite this article

Shah SS, Karandikar GR, Sonawane MS, Kulkarni VS, Burad HJ. Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion Using a Fixed Functional Appliance. J Contemp Dent 2013;3(3):153-158.
Attachments: A Boon for Hemimandibulectomy Patients
Authors: Nadgere Jyoti B , Chandavarkar Saili Mohan , Gurav Sandeep
Published: November 2013

Discontinuity defects in the mandible cause various ill effects like imbalance in the muscles of the lower face, facial disfigurement, restriction of tongue causing alteration of speech and altered salivation. It leads to decreased mandibular function by deviation of the residual segment toward the surgical side and affects masticatory function adversely. Postoperative care and prosthodontic rehabilitation required in hemimandibulectomy patients is interdisciplinary including surgical management, prosthodontic treatment, speech therapy, oral physiotherapy and psychologic care. It is difficult to provide a functional, retentive and stable prosthesis to such patients. In the described case report, a hemimandibulectomy patient was successfully rehabilitated by providing maxillary and mandibular overdentures with intraradicular ball attachments on natural teeth. This treatment option was a simple, convenient and economical method of enhancing denture retention and stability; and providing security and comfort to the patient.

How to cite this article

Chandavarkar SM, Ram SM, Gurav S, Nadgere JB, Shah N. Attachments: A Boon for Hemimandibulectomy Patients. J Contemp Dent 2013;3(3):159-164.
A Sense of Stile Rhetoric in Edgar Allan Poe's “Never Bet the Devil Your Head”
Authors: Dern John A.
Published: November 2013

Is Poe's “Never Bet the Devil Your Head” a mere trifle, or is it a tale warranting serious attention? More than just a satirical farce, this overtly comic story from 1841 is a rhetorical lampoon of what Daniel Royot dubs “the Transcendentalist postulation of secret essence.” Deriving archetypal elements of plot and characterization from two earlier Poe tales, “The Bargain Lost” and “Bon-Bon,” “Never Bet the Devil Your Head” combines “the fantastic” with what Poe labels “the quaint in phraseology.” In other words, Poe unleashes a tale of uncertain identity, rhetorical flourish, and double meaning, where the hapless victim of an ill-fated pigeon-wing over a turnstile may or may not be a boy's pet dog. If he is a dog, the protagonist is no ordinary dog, but an oath-making product of the narrator's fancy, acting in comic juxtaposition with the narrator's erudite schemes of language—and his penchant for whingeing. If he is not a dog, however, then he is no less ill-fated owing to a lack of what J. A. Cuddon calls the Transcendentalist emphasis on “individual conscience.” Still, the real lesson of “Never Bet the Devil Your Head” is not the titular moral, but the satirical substitution of rhetorical minutiae for “secret essence.”
Purloined Letters Edgar Allan Poe, Maria Edgeworth, and the Study of Chirography
Authors: Tarr Clayton Carlyle
Published: November 2013

Letters, both political and amorous, prove vital to the plot of Maria Edgeworth's Helen (1834), but to this point no text had been so concerned with the potential hazards of epistolary promiscuity once handwriting is transformed to print. Edgeworth champions the subjectivity of handwriting over the machinery of print because the former reveals hidden attributes about the writer's character. Edgar Allan Poe follows Edgeworth in placing importance on the intersections between chirography and character, but that is not where the influence between the authors stopped. In Helen, the eponymous heroine demonstrates her dynamic agency through a capacity for detective work, as she solves a vital case of theft and extortion through visual and circumstantial evidence. Although Lady Davenant keeps her letters in a desk equipped with a reliable lock, the Portuguese boy she employs nevertheless manages to steal them. Helen's detective work places the agency of perception squarely on the shoulders of a woman and prefigures the customs of detective fiction later recognizable in Poe's short stories.
La División de Poderes en la Constitución de 1982
Authors: Ramos Rigoberto Armando
Published: November 2013

La División de Poderes es el principio político según el cual las funciones legislativa, judicial y ejecutiva del Estado deben estar separadas, como poderes independientes, para que pueda establecerse un sistema de controles y equilibrios que limite las facultades del gobierno y proteja los derechos individuales.- Principio establecido en nuestra Constitución de la República el cual no se respeta en su totalidad. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/lrd.v30i0.1231 Revista de Derecho, Vol. 30, No. 1, año 2009; 9-26
Heavy metal content of agricultural soils in a Mediterranean semiarid area: the Segura River Valley (Alicante, Spain)
Authors: Mico Llopis C. , Peris M. , Sánchez J. , Recatalá L.
Published: November 2013

Assessment of the content and sources of heavy metals in soils is required to identify agricultural areas affected by contamination on a regional level, according to the European Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection. The total content of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn of 29 agricultural soils used to grow vegetable crops such as artichoke, broccoli, and potato, in the Segura River Valley, Alicante, Spain, as a representative area of the semiarid Mediterranean region, was determined to assess the current state of heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils. The mean values (mg kg-1) were: Cd, 0.38; Co, 7.9; Cr, 28.3; Cu, 21.6; Fe, 15,274; Mn, 320; Ni, 23.7; Pb, 19.6; and Zn, 57.8. These values followed the sequence: Fe>Mn>Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Pb>Co>Cd. Despite intensive production, the soil heavy metal concentrations were equal to, or lower than concentrations determined by others working on Spanish agricultural soils. Nevertheless, some plots had high Cd and Pb concentrations. Based on these results and others from the Spanish Mediterranean region, further studies under semiarid conditions are required to obtain a better knowledge of the pollution levels, especially in the case of anthropogenic metals such as Cd and Pb. This is critical to safeguard the environmental and production functions of these soils and, therefore, their quality. Further, given the importance of vegetables in the Mediterranean diet, it is important to extend the work to other areas of the European Mediterranean region.
Short communication. Mechanisms in competition, under laboratory conditions, between Spanish biotypes B and Q of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)
Authors: Pascual S.
Published: November 2013

Laboratory studies were carried out on aspects affecting competition between biotypes B and Q of whitefly [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)]: mating behaviour, egg viability and pyriproxyfen resistance. Pairs of biotype B females and males spent more time as courting couples than pairs with Q males, regardless of female biotype. Mixed pairs of biotype Q females and biotype B males spent more time as courting couples than biotype Q pairs. Egg viability from the different crosses and from single females was similar. Pyriproxyfen application to a mixture of whiteflies with a biotype ratio B/Q of one gave a reduction in the ratio because of higher resistance of the Q biotype to the insecticide. The data agrees with the observed displacement of biotype Q by biotype B whiteflies under laboratory conditions, and vice versa in the field.
Distribution of wild potato species in the North of the Department of La Paz, Bolivia
Authors: Coca Morante M. , Ticona V.H. , Castillo Plata W. , Tolin Tordoya I.
Published: November 2013

From 2001 to 2003, field collections of wild potatoes (Solanum Section Petota Solanaceae) were made in the north of the Department of La Paz, Bolivia, with the aim of determining their current distribution in this region. The collection embraced sectors of five provinces: Omasuyos, Larecaja, Camacho, Muñecas and Bautista Saavedra. Five previously described wild species were collected: Solanum acaule Bitter, S. achacachense Cárdenas, S. brevicaule (Bitter) Juz and Buk, S. candolleanum Berthault and S. circaeifolium Bitter, as well as four unidentified species. Some wild potato species in Bolivia, such as S. achacachense, are rare and in danger of extinction because of the destruction of their habitat. In contrast, S. brevicaule, S. candolleanum and S. circaeifolium were recorded in new areas. Some species were affected by pests (Premnotrypes sp.) or the fungus Phytophthora infestans. This is the first time that "Lelekoyas" potatoes (S. tuberosum subsp. andigena) have been detected in the area of influence of Lake Titicaca. In summary, this work reports degrees of genetic erosion for some species, the finding of taxa in new geographical areas, some probable new species, and the presence of P. infestans in some of the species detected.
Rice cv. Bahia mutagenized population: a new resource for rice breeding in the Mediterranean basin
Authors: Domingo C. , Andres F. , Talón M.
Published: November 2013

In the Mediterranean basin, the limited availability of rice genetic resources restricts the success of breeding programs. Although mutation induction is a powerful alternative to generate desired novel variations, current rice mutant resources have little relevance in the Mediterranean breeding programs that require well-adapted cultivars for maximum performance. In this work a genome-wide mutation induction has been used on rice cv Bahia, a japonica cultivar well adapted to the Mediterranean climate and cultural practices, to increase its genetic variability and to facilitate the generation and selection of interesting agronomical traits. Bahia mutant collections were generated by irradiating seed batches with either 30 Gy fast neutrons or 250 Gy gamma rays. After initial screening of M2 plants and followed by evaluation of M3 and M4 generations in open field, elite genotypes were selected. The selected lines carried morphological and physiological changes of agronomical interest such as earliness, culm height reduction, yield increase and spontaneous spots appearance in leaves. The mutants are useful as breeding materials for improving varieties in the Mediterranean.
Short communication. Prediction of weight of major cuts by mean slaughter or carcass weight in Iberian pigs
Authors: Daza A. , Olivares A. , Cordero G. , López Bote C.J.
Published: November 2013

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of predicting the weight of major joints in the carcass of Iberian pigs. One hundred and nineteen castrated Iberian pigs of the Torbiscal line, fattened under free-range conditions, were used. Simple regression analyses were carried out to find the relationships between slaughter or carcass weight with ham, foreleg and loin weights. The best predictions were obtained by linear and quadratic functions. To determine the accuracy of the regression equations data from 20 free-ranged Iberian pigs barrows of the Torbiscal line and 12 of the Guadyerbas line were used. A good prediction of ham weight was obtained both with linear and quadratic functions in Torbiscal pigs when the slaughter or carcass weight was considered as independent variable. However, in these pigs the prediction of loin weight was weak. For the Guadyerbas line the slaughter weight, in linear and quadratic functions, predicted adequately ham weight, but overestimated foreleg weight. It is concluded that slaughter or carcass weight can be used to predict ham weight in Iberian pigs. Since genetic line affects the accuracy of the regression equations, specific equations should be developed for each line.
Short communication. Pheromone inhibitors for Pandemis pyrusana males (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Curkovic T. , Brunner J.F.
Published: November 2013

A grease matrix was loaded with pheromone components for Pandemis pyrusana and Choristoneura rosaceana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), two synchronic and sympatric species affecting apple orchards in Washington, USA. The chemicals used were a 5-blend of cis-11-tetradecenyl-acetate (Z11-14Ac), trans-11-tetradecenyl-acetate, cis-11- tetradecenyl-1-ol, cis-11-tetradecanal, and cis-9-tetradecenyl-acetate (Z9-14Ac) (90.05:1.89:1.42:0.95:5.69 ratio), or a 2-blend of Z11-14Ac and Z9-14Ac (94:6 ratio). Experiments to test each blend separately in a wind tunnel (at 0.16% and 16% pheromone), or in field trials (1.6% and 16%), indicated that significantly more P. pyrusana males responded to the higher concentration within any blend, and that a source containing the 5-pheromone blend caused significant reduction in attractiveness to this species. Source contact was significantly reduced within the P. pyrusana male behavioral sequence. This is the first report for P. pyrusana pheromone inhibitor, but further research is needed to identify whether one or more specific components elicit this response. The inhibitory effect observed probably helps to avoid interspecific matings in nature, and might be useful to develop some strategies against this pest, but it impedes to developing an attracticide formulation targeting simultaneously P. pyrusana and any other sympatric and synchronic species using these chemicals (as C. rosaceana) within their pheromone blends.
Short communication. Secondary dormancy in Diplotaxis erucoides: a possible adaptative strategy as an annual weed
Authors: Martínez-Laborde J.B. , Pita-Villamil J.M. , Pérez-García F.
Published: November 2013

The germination of stored Diplotaxis erucoides seed was studied under controlled conditions of temperature and light by conducting germination tests over three years after collection. The D. erucoides seed was not dormant at harvest, but secondary dormancy appeared during storage as indicated by reduced germination 12 months after collection (from 92% down to 39%). This could be overcome by prolonged storage or by the use of gibberellic acid. Such shifts between dormancy and non-dormancy can be interpreted in terms of the soil seed bank dynamics in relation to intraspecific competition and/or with its adaptation as an annual weed in periodically disturbed soil in cultivated areas.
Short communication. The effect of freeze-thaw cycles on soil aggregate stability in different salinity and sodicity conditions
Authors: Sahin U. , Anapali O.
Published: November 2013

Freezing and thawing affect soil aggregate stability. Understanding the effects of freezing and thawing processes on aggregate stability is necessary for the development of strategies for managing saline-sodic soils. This study was performed to determine the effects of freezing and thawing cycles (two, four, and six) on wet aggregate stability in six soils of different salinity and sodicity (54 dS/m, 11.7%; 49 dS/m, 11.8%; 53 dS/m, 31.7%; 85 dS/m, 39.7%; 59 dS/m, 13.9%; 68 dS/m, 36.8%, respectively) and three different aggregate sizes (< 1, 1-2, and 2-4 mm). The experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions using disturbed and non-cropped soil samples. In soils with a high percentage of exchangeable sodium and high electrical conductivity, the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the wet aggregate stability was not significant. However, when the electrical conductivity was high and the percentage exchangeable sodium relatively low, wet aggregate stability was significantly reduced by the freeze-thaw cycles. Moreover, for aggregate sizes of 1-2 and 2-4 mm, a significant reduction (P
Short communication. PCR detection of DNA of bovine, ovine-caprine and porcine origin in feed as part of a bovine spongiform encephalopathy control program
Authors: Corona B. , Lleonard R. , Carpio Y. , Uffo O. , Martínez S.
Published: November 2013

The rapid identification of residues of mammalian materials in animal feedstuffs is important for the effective control of feed as a potential source of transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). It is included in the monitoring program developed to avoid the appearance of this disease. In the present work a PCR analysis was tested for the detection of mammalian residues (bovine, caprine, ovine and porcine). The DNA extraction method utilised guanidium thiocianate, and primers flanking a conserved region of mitochondrial DNA were synthesized for each species. PCR tests were specific for each species and allowed detection in feedstuffs of levels as low as 1% of bovine DNA and 1.5% of ovine, caprine and porcine DNA. These PCR tests may allow the rapid detection of residues of these species constituting a powerful tool against BSE
Estimation of vector propensity for Lettuce mosaic virus based on viral detection in single aphids
Authors: Moreno A. , Bertolini E. , Olmos A. , Cambra M. , Fereres A.
Published: November 2013

Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV) is transmitted by aphids nonpersistently causing severe disease outbreaks in commercial lettuce crops. New strategies to control plant viruses have arisen based on molecular techniques, which analyze plantvirus- vector interactions. In this work, two PCR-based methods with a previous immunocapture phase, have been developed to detect LMV in single aphids. Detection rates using a RT-nested-PCR method in single aphids and transmission efficiency of Myzus persicae (vector species) and Nasonovia ribisnigri (nonvector species) were compared. Although the percentage of viruliferous aphids for N. ribisnigri (45.8 ± 2.3) was higher than for M. persicae (39.2 ± 3.5) after the same acquisition access period, N. ribisnigri was unable to transmit the virus while M. persicae proved to be an efficient vector (with a transmission rate per single aphid of 10.4 ± 0.8). A method was proposed to estimate vector propensity for nonpersistent viruses based on the relationship between the percentage of viruliferous aphids and their transmission ability. This methodology could be applied to decision-making and implementing control strategies to prevent virus spreading
Review. An overview on the environmental behaviour of pesticide residues in soils
Authors: Navarro S. , Vela N. , Navarro G.
Published: November 2013

The current state of knowledge of the main aspects regarding the behaviour and fate of pesticide residues in the soil environment is reviewed in this article. Once a pesticide is introduced into the environment, whether by application, disposal, or a spill, it can be influenced by many processes. Physical and chemical properties of the pesticide, site characteristics, such as soil, geology, and vegetation, environmental conditions, crop management systems, and chemical handling practices can all affect each process. Each factor must be considered when determining the likelihood of pesticide movement and off-target effect. These fate processes can have both positive (they can bring a pesticide in contact with the target pest) and negative (leading to injury of nontarget plants and animals) influences on a pesticide’s effectiveness or its impact on the environment. Processes responsible for accumulation, movement and disappearance of pesticides in the soil and the factors involved in their dynamics are assessed. Also, the environmental significance of the formation of bound residues and some techniques used currently for remediation of pesticide-contaminated soils are discussed according to the recent researches
What's the big deal?. Estimates of agricultural trade benefits to the Spanish economy from a potential Doha agreement
Authors: Philippidis G.
Published: November 2013

In the context of the Doha Development Round, the vast majority of computable general equilibrium studies examine agricultural trade led gains to developing countries, whilst European Union based studies are scarce and only one assessment exists in the case of Spain. This study also focuses on Spain, whilst developing the literature in two ways. Firstly, a more realistic representation of the agriculture sector is undertaken through modelling improvements to agricultural factor-, input- and product markets. Secondly, the policy scenarios now account for tariff "binding overhangs", thereby better reflecting the true level of market access from a potential agreement, whilst the trade led impacts are examined from the inclusion of "sensitive" product lines within the harmonised tariff formula. Through careful scenario design, protection and support reforms are implemented in three "Doha" experiments to reflect the current negotiations, each with different levels of tariff reductions (i.e., market access). Spain experiences equivalent variation (EV) losses in all scenarios reflecting shallower tariff reductions from the tariff binding overhangs, whilst EV losses are minimised when agro-food market access is increased due to allocative efficiency improvements. The size of the predicted EV losses are "broadly" in line with the literature, although specified modelling changes to the agricultural sectors result in a different set of conclusions with respect to price, output and trade balance trends. Finally, in our "likely" Doha scenario including sensitive tariff lines, potential global trade gains are severely limited whilst Spanish welfare losses are maximised.
Fatty acid, protein and energy gain of broilers fed different dietary vegetable oils
Authors: Kavouridou K. , Barroeta A.C. , Villaverde C. , Manzanilla E.G. , Baucells M.D.
Published: November 2013

The objective of this study was to assess energy, nitrogen, fat and fatty acid deposition in broilers fed diets containing different vegetable oil sources. Forty female broiler chickens were fed five diets, with different fats (coconut, palm, olive, soybean (SO) and linseed oil (LO)) at 10% from 30 to 50 days of age. The animals consuming the LO diet presented the lowest body fat content. There were no differences among treatments regarding nitrogen balance. The greater percentage of apparent metabolizable energy was obtained with the LO diet. All animals deposited more saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids than digested, however the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids deposited in the SO and LO treatments was lower than the amount digested. These results indicate that chickens that consumed the highly polyunsaturated diets deposited less fat due to a lower gain of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Effect of a nitrification inhibitor (DMPP) [3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate] on nitrate leaching and maize yield during two growing seasons
Authors: Díez López J.A. , Hernaiz P.
Published: November 2013

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of adding DMPP (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate) to urea on nitrate leaching and maize (Zea mays L.) yield over two growing seasons. Two nitrogen (N) levels (optimum and excessive) were applied to an irrigated maize crop under Mediterranean conditions. There were five treatments: optimal N (as urea) and the same dose plus DMPP; optimal N (as urea plus 40 kg N/ha) and the same N dose plus DMPP; and a control with no added N fertilizer. The maize was irrigated with an overhead mobile-line sprinkler system. EnviroSCAN probes were used to determine drainage and evapotranspiration and ceramic cups to obtain soil solution samples at a soil depth of 1.4 m. The use of DMPP with urea reduced nitrate leaching. No phytotoxic effects were observed due to the DMPP. There were no differences in grain yield between treatments with and without DMPP at the same rate of N. When DMPP was applied, sodium was displaced from the soil exchange complex due to increased NH4+ concentration, which also increased the electrical conductivity of soil in the drainage zone.
The Sisyphean tasks of avoiding case cancellation
Authors: Schuster Martin
Published: November 2013

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Sacral neuromodulation outcomes for the treatment of refractory idiopathic detrusor overactivity stratified by indication – lack of anticholinergic efficacy versus intolerability
Authors: Davis Tanya , Makovey Iryna , Guralnick Michael L. , O’Connor R. Corey
Published: November 2013

Introduction: Patients may fail oral overactive bladder therapies due to either poor drug efficacy or intolerability. We determined if the success of sacral neuromodulation varies if performed secondary to lack of anticholinergic efficacy versus drug intolerability.Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 152 patients undergoing staged sacral neuromodulation from 2004 to 2010 for refractory idiopathic detrusor overactivity with or without urge incontinence. Outcomes following sacral neuromodulation trials were compared based on the primary indication for anticholinergic failure: lack of drug efficacy versus intolerable side effects.Results: Overall, successful sacral neuromodulation trials were reported in 70% (106/152) of patients. Successful outcomes were noted in 70% (89/128) and 71% (17/24) of patients with poor anticholinergic efficacy and drug intolerability, respectively (p = NS).Conclusions: We found no significant difference in outcome success in patients undergoing sacral neuromodulation trials for refractory detrusor overactivity due to lack of anticholinergic efficacy versus intolerability.
Métastase pancréatique métachrone du cancer du rein : A propos d’un cas
Authors: Mqirage Mohammed , Zabala Egurrola José Antonio , García-Olaverri Rodríguez Jorge , Pertusa Peña Carlos
Published: November 2013

Les métastases pancréatiques du cancer du rein sont rares et surviennent le plus souvent plusieurs années après la néphrectomie. Le traitement chirurgical est souvent possible, permettant une bonne survie à distance. Nous rapportons le cas d’une métastase pancréatique métachrone d’un carcinome rénal à cellules claires 16 ans après la néphrectomie.
Robot-assisted right ureteral polypectomy: A case report
Authors: Karmo Brandon , Lim Kenneth , Santucci Richard , Mansour Sabry
Published: November 2013

Ureteral polyps are a rare cause of ureteral obstruction in the adult and pediatric populations. Fibroepitheial polyps (FEP) are the most common type of ureteral polyps. This clinical entity is very rare, warranting periodic clinical review by practitioners, and new advancements in laparoscopy allow new surgical approaches to its cure. We present the case of a 20-year-old male with right sided flank pain. He was found to have right uretero-pelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction and subsequently underwent laparoscopic robotic-assisted right collecting system exploration, excision of polyps and right ureteropyeloplasty. Ureteral polyps were excised and determined to be fibroepithelial in origin based on the pathological report. Our case highlights the importance of having FEP in the differential diagnosis of ureteral obstruction. We also found that laparoscopic robot-assisted polypectomy is a safe and acceptable surgical option for the excision of ureteral polyps.
Clavien classification in urology: Is there concordance among post-graduate trainees and attending urologists?
Authors: Elkoushy Mohamed A. , Luz Murilo A. , Benidir Tarik , Aldousari Saad , Aprikian Armen G. , Andonian Sero
Published: November 2013

Purpose: We assess the variations between post-graduate trainees (PGTs) and attending urologists in applying the Revised Clavien-Dindo Classification System (RCCS) to urological complications.Methods: Twenty postoperative complications were selected from urology service Quality Assurance meeting minutes spanning 1 year at a tertiary care centre. The cases were from adult and pediatric sites and included minor and major complications. After a briefing session to review the RCCS, the survey was administered to 16 attending urologists and 16 PGTs. Concordance rates between the two groups were calculated for each case and for the whole survey. Inter-rater agreement was calculated by kappa statistics.Results: There was good overall agreement rate of 81% (range: 30-100) when both groups were compared. Thirteen of the 20 cases (65%) held an agreement rate above 80% (k = 0.753, p < 0.001) including 3 (15%) cases with 100% agreement. There were only 2 cases where the scores given by PGTs were significantly different from that given by attending urologists (p ≤ 0.03). There was no significant difference between both groups in terms of overall RCCS grades (p = 0.12). When all participants were compared as one group, there was good overall inter-rater agreement rate of 75% (k = 0.71). Although the percent of overall agreement rate among PGTs was higher than the attending urologists (82% [k = 0.79] vs. 69% [k = 0.64]), this was not significantly different (p = 0.68).Conclusion: There was good overall agreement among PGTs and attending urologists in application of the RCCS in urology. Therefore, it is appropriate for PGTs to complete the Quality Assurance meeting reports.
Histórico da coleção de fósseis do Instituto Geológico
Authors: Vieira Percy Corrêa
Published: November 2013

Criada a 27 de março de 1886, a Comissão Geográfica e Geológica (que deu origem ao Instituto Geológico) iniciou os levantamentos, estudos e pesquisas geológicos no Estado de São Paulo (então província) com os geólogos Luis Felipe Gonzaga de Campos e Francisco de Pau1a Oliveira, ambos formados na primeira turma da Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto, como com o próprio primeiro diretor da referida instituição,Orville Adelbert Derby, também geólogo. Mais tarde vieram integrar a mesma os geólogos Franz Eugen Hussak, Guilherme Florence e Joviano Pacheco.
ERRATA
Authors: Corpo Editorial
Published: November 2013

Errata
Recursos minerais não-metálicos do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Boggiani Paulo César , Coimbra Armando Márcia , Riccomini Claudio , Gesicki Ana Lúcia Desenzi
Published: November 2013

A Planície do Pantanal, a maior área inundável da América do Sul, é limitada por três planaltos onde estão concentrados os recursos minerais não-metálicos do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. O Planalto da Bodoquena é sustentado por rochas carbonáticas proterozóicas do Grupo Corumbá, enquanto os outros dois, os planaltos de Maracaju - Campo Grande e Taquari Itiquira, são desenvolvidos sobre rochas sedimentares e vulcânicas da Bacia do Paraná. No Planalto da Bodoquena as rochas carbonáticas têm emprego na fabricação de cimento e como corretivo de solo, e para esta finalidade, são também lavrados calcários pulverulentos (tufa) em Bonito. A argila é outro importante recurso, mas é utilizada apenas na indústria cerâmica, atualmente concentrada em dois pólos, nas regiões de Rio Verde de Mato Grosso - Coxim e Bela Vista - Jardim. As rochas ornamentais estão restritas aos mármores de Bonito e aos granitos de Porto Murtinho. Existem algumas restrições com respeito aos materiais de construção, como areia e brita, devido à baixa qualidade dos produtos. No caso da areia, a lavra vem causando problemas ambientais, especialmente nos rios vizinhos aos principais núcleos urbanos. Problemas ambientais similares decorrem também da atividade dos garimpos de diamante nas regiões de Aquidauana e Coxim. Rochas fosfáticas ocorrem no Grupo Corumbá na parte leste do Planalto da Bodoquena. A Formação Botucatu, a oeste de Campo Grande, apresenta bom potencial para areia de uso industrial; entretanto, são necessários estudos geológicos específicos para a melhor avaliação econômica destes depósitos. O aproveitamento dos minerais industriais do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul é ainda incipiente. Entretanto, as novas perspectivas econômicas e a melhoria do transporte para o Estado de São Paulo, principalmente através da Hidrovia Tietê-Paraná, deverão criar condições favoráveis ao incremento desta atividade. Por outro lado, a curto prazo deverão ser tomadas medidas para o adequado planejamento da atividade de mineração visando à redução dos impactos ambientais.
A numerical experiment on the influence of the interannual variation of sea surface temperature on terrestrial precipitation in northern Japan during the cold season
Authors: Sato Tomonori , Sugimoto Shiori
Published: November 2013

The role of sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly in modulating the terrestrial precipitation in winter around Japan was investigated using a regional atmospheric model. Large amount of snowfall occurs as the westerly winter monsoon carries abundant moisture from the Japan Sea. An experiment with realistic SST gives improved representation of terrestrial precipitation distribution compared to the reanalysis. The standard deviation of interannual variation of precipitation in the experiment was approximately 20% larger over the Kuroshio extension than that in the experiment with climatology SST, suggesting that the SST variability enhances the oceanic precipitation variability. For the role of Japan Sea, the terrestrial precipitation over the Japan Sea side (JSS) region in northern Japan was sensitive to the offshore SST anomaly through affecting moisture flux toward Japan. Since the offshore SST was clearly warmer in the 2000s relative to the 1980s, the effect of the long‐term SST variation on the terrestrial precipitation trend was examined. The experiment with realistic SST simulated the observed trend in terrestrial precipitation in the JSS region. In contrast, the precipitation trend was significantly reduced in the experiment with climatology SST. Therefore, the long‐term SST trend is an important factor for the precipitation trend in the region of Japan and the adjacent oceans where SST has significant trends. Precipitation in southern Japan facing the Pacific Ocean indicated increasing trend even without the SST trend. This suggests that the long‐term variations in extratropical cyclones are also an important factor for precipitation trends around the Kuroshio extension.
Decentralized simple adaptive control of nonlinear systems
Authors: Ulrich Steve , Sasiadek Jurek Z.
Published: November 2013

Recently, the passivity results for linear time‐invariant systems were successfully extended to nonlinear and nonstationary systems, thus guaranteeing stability of adaptive control of nonlinear square systems. Based on this theoretical development, this paper presents the development of a new class of direct adaptive controllers, which employ a new decentralized adaptation law mechanism that is developed from the simple adaptive control technique. The resulting direct adaptive control methodology is referred to as decentralized simple adaptive control. A simplification of this new control algorithm, referred to as decentralized modified simple adaptive control, is also presented. In addition, it is shown that both control methodologies can be modified to avoid divergence in practical situations, where the trajectory tracking errors cannot reach zero. Using Lyapunov direct method and Lasalle's invariance principle for nonautonomous systems, the formal proof of stability is established. As well, a numerical simulation study for a trajectory tracking problem by a rigid‐joint manipulator is presented to illustrate the new adaptive control approaches. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constrained Order in Nanoporous Alumina with High Aspect Ratio: Smart Combination of Interference Lithography and Hard Anodization
Authors: Montero Moreno Josep M. , Waleczek Martin , Martens Stephan , Zierold Robert , Görlitz Detlef , Martínez Victor Vega , Prida Victor M. , Nielsch Kornelius
Published: November 2013

With only two matched processing steps, the fabrication of thick nanoporous alumina membranes with mono‐oriented, perfect hexagonal packing of pores, and precise control of all structural parameters over large areas is demonstrated. The cylindrical pores are uniform in shape and widely tunable in their dimensions and spatial distribution, with aspect ratios as high as 500. In brief, electropolished aluminum is first patterned using three‐beam interference lithography in a single step and then anodized in a hard regime. The periodic concavities in the aluminum surface guide the pore nucleation, and the self‐ordering phenomenon guarantees the maintenance of the predefined arrangement throughout the entire layer. In contrast to other methods, the interpore distance can be easily adjusted, the porous layer is not limited in thickness, no prefabricated stamps are involved, and the periodic pattern can be easily reproduced without risk of degradation. The approach overcomes the time, cost, and scale limitations of other existing processes. These membranes are well‐suited for the templated fabrication of perfectly ordered arrays of highly uniform 1D nanostructures. Thus, the application fields of these functional membranes are diverse: magneto‐optical and opto‐electronic devices, photonic crystals, solar cells, fuel cells, and chemical and biochemical sensing systems, to name a few.
Pd‐Porphyrin‐Cross‐Linked Implantable Hydrogels with Oxygen‐Responsive Phosphorescence
Authors: Huang Haoyuan , Song Wentao , Chen Guanying , Reynard Justin M. , Ohulchanskyy Tymish Y. , Prasad Paras N. , Bright Frank V. , Lovell Jonathan F.
Published: November 2013

Development of long‐term implantable luminescent biosensors for subcutaneous oxygen has proved challenging due to difficulties in immobilizing a biocompatible matrix that prevents sensor aggregation yet maintains sufficient concentration for transdermal optical detection. Here, Pd‐porphyrins can be used as PEG cross‐linkers to generate a polyamide hydrogel with extreme porphyrin density (≈5 × 10−3m). Dye aggregation is avoided due to the spatially constraining 3D mesh formed by the porphyrins themselves. The hydrogel exhibits oxygen‐responsive phosphorescence and can be stably implanted subcutaneously in mice for weeks without degradation, bleaching, or host rejection. To further facilitate oxygen detection using steady‐state techniques, an oxygen‐non‐responsive companion hydrogel is developed by blending copper and free base porphyrins to yield intensity‐matched luminescence for ratiometric detection.
Overgrowth syndrome associated with a gain‐of‐function mutation of the natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) gene
Authors: Miura Kohji , Kim Ok‐Hwa , Lee Hey Ran , Namba Noriyuki , Michigami Toshimi , Yoo Won Joon , Choi In Ho , Ozono Keiichi , Cho Tae‐Joon
Published: November 2013

The signal pathway of the C‐type natriuretic (CNP) and its receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) is involved in the longitudinal growth of long bones. Loss of function mutations at NPR2 cause acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux, while overproduction of CNP by chromosomal translocation and a gain‐of‐function mutation at NPR2 have been reported to be responsible for an overgrowth syndrome in three cases and one family, respectively. We identified a four‐generation family with an overgrowth syndrome characterized by tall stature, macrodactyly of the great toes, scoliosis, coxa valga and slipped capital femoral epiphysis, similar to those previously reported in association with CNP/NPR2 overactivity. The serum level of amino‐terminal proCNP was normal in the proband. A novel missense mutation of NPR2, c.1462G>C (p.Ala488Pro) was found to co‐segregate with the phenotype in this family. In vitro transfection assay of the mutant NPR2 revealed overactivity of the mutant receptor at baseline as well as with the ligand. This overgrowth syndrome caused by a gain‐of‐function mutation at NPR2 should be differentiated from Marfan or related syndromes, and may be categorized along with the overgrowth syndrome caused by overproduction of CNP due to its phenotypical similarity as overgrowth CNP/NPR2 signalopathy. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ACVR1 (587T>C) mutation in a variant form of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: Second report
Authors: Nakahara Y. , Katagiri T. , Ogata N. , Haga N.
Published: November 2013

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare, congenital disorder caused by heterozygous mutation of the bone morphogenetic protein type I receptor ACVR1. Various forms of atypical FOP have recently been identified, and a novel mutation, ACVR1 (587T>C), was reported in 2011. We report on the second patient worldwide with ACVR1 (587T>C) mutation. A 22‐year‐old Japanese male with no family history of heterotopic ossification did not show any malformation of the great toes and showed normal development from birth to the age of 17 years, when heterotopic ossification appeared in the lumbar area. The clinical symptoms were similar to those reported previously: the delayed onset with a slower and mild clinical course and little finger camptodactyly. Gene analysis revealed that the patient was heterozygous for ACVR1 (587T>C) mutation, the same one as reported in 2011, suggesting a correlation between the location of the mutation and the clinical symptoms. This second report of ACVR1 (587T>C) mutation worldwide is particularly meaningful in that it highlights the difference between clinical symptoms of the first reported patient with ACVR1 (587T>C) mutation and those of classic FOP. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Covalently Coupled Immunostimulant Heterodimers
Authors: Mancini Rock J. , Tom Janine K. , Esser‐Kahn Aaron P.
Published: November 2013

We report increased stimulation of dendritic cells via heterodimers of immunostimulants formed at a discrete molecular distance. Many vaccines present spatially organized agonists to immune cell receptors. These receptors cluster suggesting that signaling is increased by spatial organization and receptor proximity, but this has not been directly tested for multiple, unique receptors. In this study we probe the spatial aspect of immune cell activation using heterodimers of two covalently attached immunostimulants.
How Strain Affects the Reactivity of Surface Metal Oxide Catalysts
Authors: Amakawa Kazuhiko , Sun Lili , Guo Chunsheng , Hävecker Michael , Kube Pierre , Wachs Israel E. , Lwin Soe , Frenkel Anatoly I. , Patlolla Anitha , Hermann Klaus , Schlögl Robert , Trunschke Annette
Published: November 2013

Highly dispersed molybdenum oxide supported on mesoporous silica SBA‐15 has been prepared by anion exchange resulting in a series of catalysts with changing Mo densities (0.2–2.5 Mo atoms nm−2). X‐ray absorption, UV/Vis, Raman, and IR spectroscopy indicate that doubly anchored tetrahedral dioxo MoO4 units are the major surface species at all loadings. Higher reducibility at loadings close to the monolayer measured by temperature‐programmed reduction and a steep increase in the catalytic activity observed in metathesis of propene and oxidative dehydrogenation of propane at 8 % of Mo loading are attributed to frustration of Mo oxide surface species and lateral interactions. Based on DFT calculations, NEXAFS spectra at the O‐K‐edge at high Mo loadings are explained by distorted MoO4 complexes. Limited availability of anchor silanol groups at high loadings forces the MoO4 groups to form more strained configurations. The occurrence of strain is linked to the increase in reactivity.
Observing High‐Pressure Chemistry in Graphene Bubbles
Authors: Lim Candy Haley Yi Xuan , Nesladek Milos , Loh Kian Ping
Published: November 2013

Using IR spectroscopy, high‐pressure reactions of molecules were observed in liquids entrapped by graphene nanobubbles formed at the graphene–diamond interface. Nanobubbles formed on graphene as a result of thermally induced bonding of its edges with diamond are highly impermeable, thus providing a good sealing of solvents within. Owing to the optical transparency of graphene and diamond, high‐pressure chemical reactions within the bubbles can be probed with vibrational spectroscopy. By monitoring the conformational changes of pressure‐sensitive molecules, the pressure within the nanobubble can be calibrated as a function of temperature and it is about 1 GPa at 600 K. The polymerization of buckministerfullerene (C60), which is symmetrically forbidden under ambient conditions, is observed to proceed in well‐defined stages in the pressurized nanobubbles.
Multiple conjugate electrospinning method for the preparation of continuous polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn
Authors: He Jianxin , Qi Kun , Zhou Yuman , Cui Shizhong
Published: November 2013

Continuous polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarns were fabricated by the homemade multiple conjugate electrospinning apparatus, and the principle of yarn spinning was studied. The effects of the applied voltage, flow rate, spinning distance, and funnel rotary speed on the diameter and mechanical properties of nanofiber yarn were analyzed. The diameter of the nanofibers decreased with increasing applied voltage and the flow rate ratio of the positive and negative needles (FP/FN), whereas the diameter of nanofibers increased with increasing overall flow rate and needle distance between the positive and negative. Subsequently, the diameter of the yarns increased first and then decreased with increasing applied voltage, FP/FN, and needle distance. However, the diameters of the yarns increased dramatically and then remained stable with increasing overall flow rate. The nanofibers were stably aggregated and continuously bundled and then uniformly twisted into nanofiber yarns at an applied voltage of 20 kV, an overall flow rate of 6.4 mL/h, a needle distance of 18.5 cm, and an FP/FN value of 5:3. With increasing funnel rotary speed, the diameters of the nanofibers and yarns decreased, whereas the twist angle of the nanofiber yarns gradually enlarged. Meanwhile, an increase in the twist angle brought about an improvement in the yarn mechanical properties. Nanofiber yarns that prepared showed diameters between 70 and 216 μm. Nanofiber yarns with a twist angle of 65° showed a tensile strength of 50.71 MPa and an elongation of 43.56% at break, respectively. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40137.