bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivasi Pengembangan dan Pematangan Karir Kewirausahaan di Pondok Pesantren (Kajian di Pondok Pesantren Al-Rabbani Cikeas)
Authors: Almuin Nani , Solihatun Solihatun , Haryono Sugeng
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT 

Entrepreneurship education not only teaches in a public school science course but this time entrepreneurship has become a trend today that has been widely adopted by educational institutions based schools. Santriwan entrepreneurial learning curriculum and female students form a moderate boarding school after graduation is not only a tutor but can build an entrepreneurial career as a pious and fair. This study uses descriptive Qualitative analysis based on the analysis of modern pesantren institutions that have been successful in running the entrepreneurship curriculum. Motivation career development and maturation in the boarding school al Rabbani generally can be done, just need to be given the maturity and debriefing basics of entrepreneurship to be more effective. Motivational counseling and debriefing program development and maturation of entrepreneurial career in boarding school Al Rabbani aiming to make dropout to be creative, innovative and mature to build a career in the field of entrepreneurship. With the knowledge of entrepreneurship into capital and the best way towards a successful entrepreneur.

Keywords: Education, motivation, entrepreneurship, career, management, and development

 

ABSTRAK

Pendidikan kewirausahaan tidak hanya di ajarkan di sekolah umum saja namun saat ini ilmu kewirausahaan sudah menjadi trend masa kini yang sudah banyak diterapkan oleh lembaga pendidikan berbasis pesantren. Kurikulum pembelajaran kewirausahaan membentuk santriwan dan santriwati pondok pesantren yang moderat, setelah lulus tidak hanya menjadi guru mengaji namun bisa membangun karir menjadi seorang wirausaha yang soleh jujur dan adil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitiatif deskriftif analisis berdasarkan analisis lembaga pesantren modern yang sudah sukses dalam menjalankan kurikulum kewirausahaan. Motivasi pengembangan dan pematangan karir di pondok pesantren al Rabbani umumnya bisa terlaksana, hanya saja perlu diberikan kematangan dan pembekalan dasar-dasar ilmu kewirausahaan agar lebih efektif. Program penyuluhan dan pembekalan Motivasi pengembangan dan pematangan karir kewirausahaan di pondok pesantren Al Robbani bertujuan menjadikan remaja putus sekolah menjadi kreatif, inovatif serta matang membangun karir di bidang wirausaha. Dengan bekal ilmu kewirausahaan menjadi modal dan cara yang terbaik menuju seorang wirausahawan yang sukses.

Kata kunci : Pendidikan, Motivasi, Kewirausahaan, karir, pengelolan dan pengembangan

 
Kapas, Kain dan Seragam Sekolah di Jawa 1900-1942
Authors: Sulastri Sri , Husin Huddy
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT

Education that took place during the colonial period in practice did not only have to do with economic aspects but also attached to the social aspects inherent in it. The colonial government's mastery pattern, which tends to lead to racial models, also resides in the application of world education policy at that time. These differences can be seen at: the level / level of formal education that not all other indigenous and non-European children can follow, different subjects that are nurtured by indigenous children with European children, besides those who more visible is related to clothes or uniforms worn by students (there is a very significant difference between school uniforms used by European children and indigenous children).

Keywords: Cotton, Fabric, School Uniform, Java

ABSTRAK

Pendidikan yang berlangsung selama masa pemerintahan kolonial pada prakteknya tidak hanya bersangkut-paut dengan aspek ekonomi saja, akan tetapi juga melekat pula segi-segi sosial yang inheren didalamnya. Corak penguasaan pemerintah kolonial yang cenderung mengarah pada model yang rasial, juga bersemayam didalam penerapan kebijakan dunia pendidikan pada saat itu. Perbedaan-perbedaan tersebut nampak pada : level/ jenjang tingkatan pendidikan formal yang tidak semua anak-anak pribumi dan non-Eropa lainnya dapat mengikuti, mata pelajaran yang berbeda-beda yang diasup oleh anak-anak pribumi dengan anak-anak Eropa, selain itu yang lebih terlihat ialah berkaitan dengan pakaian atau seragam yang dikenakan oleh para peserta didik (terdapat perbedaan yang sangat signifikan antara seragam sekolah yang digunakan oleh anak-anak Eropa dengan anak-anak pribumi).

Kata Kunci : Kapas, Kain, Seragam Sekolah, Jawa
Pengaruh Desain Daftar Menu Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian
Authors: Nuriyanti Widya - , Maya Siska
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT

Menu listing design needs to have a visual power that attracts the attention of consumers and to be able to compete with other cafes. Design Objectives in the menu list becomes important, because its existence is not limited to the menu information offered but as the attraction of the cafe and can increase sales. In addition to the Design in the menu list also to find out how much influence on consumers in purchasing decisions. This study uses a quantitative approach where quantitative research emphasizes the testing of theories through measurement of research variables with numbers and performs analysis with statistical procedures. Data collection techniques using questionnaires that refer to the three aspects of the variable from the menu list of elements of color, typeface, text, illustrations or drawings. The results show that the elements of color, text, illustrations and images have an important effect on the design of the cafe menu list of purchasing decisions. Of the three most dominating elements in purchasing decisions is the color element because the color menu design is more important than the black and white café menu design

Keywords: Cafe, List menu, Purchase Decision

ABSTRAK 

Desain daftar menu perlu memiliki kekuatan visual yang menarik perhatian konsumen dan agar mampu bersaing dengan kafe lainnya. Tujuan Desain dalam daftar menu menjadi penting, karena keberadaannya bukan sebatas informasi menu yang ditawarkan tetapi sebagai daya tarik dari kafe tersebut dan dapat meningkatkan penjualan. Selain itu Desain dalam daftar menu juga untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruhnya terhadap konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dimana penelitian kuantitatif lebih menekankan pada pengujian teori- teori melalui pengukuran variabel- variabel penelitian dengan angka dan melakukan analisis dengan prosedur statistik. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang mengacu pada tiga aspek variabel dari daftar menu yaitu elemen warna, jenis huruf, tulisan, ilustrasi atau gambar. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa elemen warna, tulisan, ilustrasi dan gambar berpengaruh penting dalam desain daftar menu kafe terhadap keputusan pembelian. Dari ketiga elemen yang paling mendominasidalam keputusan pembelian adalah elemen warna karena desain menu berwarna lebih penting dari desain menu kafe yang  hitam putih.

 Keywords: Kafe, Daftar Menu, Keputusan Pembelian
Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Pada Film Sang Kiai
Authors: Widiyatmika Wegig , Sulistyo Edy Tri , Nugroho Sugeng
Published: February 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pendidikan karakter dalam film Sang Kiai sebagai pembangunan karakter untuk media pembelajaran yang relevan. Sumber data diperoleh dengan mengamati cerita dari film Sang Kiai secara langsung. Teknik untuk mengumpulkan data menggunakan ulasan dokumen atau mendengarkan dan mempelajari literatur. Analisis data menggunakan teori sinematografi dengan mengamati adegan dan dialog dalam film Kiai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang disampaikan melalui adegan dalam film. Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam film Sang Kiai dapat dipahami dari dialog dan adegan yang dimainkan oleh para pemain. Film Sang Kiai berisi 8 nilai pendidikan karakter yang terkandung dalam film ini termasuk agama, disiplin, kerja keras, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, semangat nasional, penghargaan terhadap prestasi, persahabatan / komunikatif yang tercermin dalam setiap adegan dalam film â€œThe Kiaiâ€. Film Kiai berisi nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang relevan sebagai pembangunan karakter. Film ini dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran yang bertujuan pembentukan karakter.
Wayang Sebagai Media Komunikasi Simbolik Perilaku Manusia Dalam Praktek Budaya Dan Agama Di Bali
Authors: Seramasara I Gusti Ngurah
Published: February 2019

Wayang sebagai seni pertunjukan merupakan media komunikasi simbolik perilaku manusia dalam praktek agama dan budaya sudah dikenal sejak jaman pra Hindu. Ritual bayang-bayang dalam kepercayaan animisme dan dinamisme merupakan praktek budaya dan agama untuk memuja roh nenek moyang. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi pertunjukan wayang sebagai media komunikasi simbolik dalam praktek budaya dan agama di Bali. Permasalahan yang diangkat melalui penulisan ini adalah ingin menginvestigasi apakah pertunjukan wayang dalam praktik budaya dan agama di Bali, dipahami dan dihadirkan sebagai ujud pemujaan pada kekuatan gaib sebagai perkembangan dari tradisi pra Hindu. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengkaji masalah di atas adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teori interaksi simbolik dan komunikasi. Penulisan ini ingin menunjukan bahwa wayang sebagai media komunikasi simbolik perilaku manusia dalam praktek budaya dan agama di Bali telah dilakukan sejak jaman pra Hindu dan masih dipertahankan oleh orang Bali sampai sekarang. Kekuatan gaib yang dapat mengganggu manusia masih dipercaya oleh masyarakat Bali, terutama pada anak yang lahir pada tumpek wayang, sehingga perlu diruwat (dibersihkan) gangguan itu dengan wayang sapuh leger.
Kesenian Ronggeng Pasaman Dalam Perspektif Kreativitas Apropriasi Musikal
Authors: Martarosa Martarosa , Yakin Imal , Fernando Kurniawan
Published: February 2019

Tumbuh dan berkembangnya kesenian Ronggeng Pasaman tidak luput dari dampak interaksi secara multikultur antara musik Barat (Portugis dan Belanda) dan musik Timur (Arab, India, Melayu, Minangkabau,  Mandailling dan Jawa imigran). Hal ini terkait dengan isu identitas, migrasi (diaspora), dan bentuk apropriasi musikal. Fenomena yang muncul diisukan bahwa, kesenian Ronggeng yang berkembang dalam budaya masyarakat Pasaman saat ini, mereka yakin bahwa kesenian tersebut adalah didatangkan dari Jawa imigran. Namun secara musikal dijumpai bahwa, bentuk seni pertunjukan kesenian ronngeng pasaman yang berkembang, sangat jauh berbeda dengan bentuk seni pertunjukan Ronggeng yang berkembang di daerah Jawa. Ditinjau dari ciri-khasnya kesenian ronggeng teramati bahwa, bentuk seni pertunjukannya banyak kemiripannya dengan aspek musikal yang terkandung diluar ranah budaya masyarakat Pasaman seperti, dijumpai dalam pemakaian alat musik, sistem nada dan penggunaan teknik dalam permainan alat musik tradisi masyarakat Pesisir Sumatera Barat yang disebut garitiak dan gayo atau ornamentasi yang terkandung dalam kesenian rabab pasisie dan musik gamat. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dibawah payung disiplin musikologi dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dan interpretatif yang terdiri dari dua aspek (tekstual dan kontekstual). Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa,  tumbuh dan berkembangnya tradisi kesenian Ronggeng Pasaman disamping menggunakan alat musik biola Eropa (Barat) juga dapat dikatakan sebagai salah satu hasil produk budaya apropriasi musikal antara Barat (Portugis dan Belanda) dan Timur (Arab, India, Melayu, Minangkabau,  Mandailling dan Jawa imigran).
TINGKAT NYERI PEMASANGAN KATETER MENGGUNAKAN JELI OLES DAN JELI YANG DIMASUKKAN URETHRA
Authors: Anita, dkk Diyah Candra
Published: February 2019

This research aimed to show the effectiveness of catheters in men using the included urethral gel with gel applied to the catheter to the client pain response in adult inpatient ward 3 class in PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. The research design used Quasi-eksperiment with posttest only control group. Mann Whitney statistical test result p = 0.275 thus concluded there were no significant differences in the level of pain between groups gel smeared with gel group entered the urethra.Keywords: the level of pain catheter, rab gel, gel included urethra
The Book of Psalms in the Church Slavonic, Greek, and Polish Languages from Simon Azarjin’s Library
Authors: Celunova Jelena A.
Published: February 2019

This article is devoted to research on the Book of Psalms manuscript written in the first half of the 17th century from Simon Azarjin’s book collection. The Book of Psalms is written inter-linearly in three languages: Church Slavonic, Greek, and Polish. The availability of the text in Polish in the Orthodox psalms makes this memorable text unique. The research concentrates on the clarification of the aim that led to the creation of the Book of Psalms. The lack of a preface or any other evidence of its author, time, or place of its translation forces us to turn to indirect facts, namely, to research of the textological character and to an analysis of Church Slavonic and Polish texts. Textological research of the Church Slavonic edition of the Book of Psalms reveals its similarity with pre-Nikonian texts and the analyses of the text in Polish allows us to affirm that the author had used the Catholic Leopolita’s Bible in 1561, exposed it to a profound edition—both textological as well as linguistic. The analysis of the inserted changes into the text in Polish and the alternated language itself enables us to assume that the author of the manuscript might have been a native from West Russia, while the text itself had probably been created in the Trinity Monastery of St. Sergius. The efforts aimed at adaptation of the Polish text into the text in Church Slavonic prove that the tri-lingual Book of Psalms might have been created for the inhabitants of the previous territories of Great Principality of Lithuania who converted from the Catholic Church or from the Greek Catholic into the Orthodox Church. The text in Polish had thus been needed especially for those believers practicing the Orthodox religion in order to understand the Church Slavonic language of worship.
Mikhail Lomonosov’s “Short Manual in Rhetoric”: The History of the First Edition from 1748
Authors: Kostin Andrei A. , Lemeshev Konstantin N.
Published: February 2019

The article studies the first editions of Mikhail Lomonosov’s “Kratkoe rukovodstvo k krasnorechiiu (A Short Manual in Rhetoric),” issued by the Academy of Sciences in 1748 and 1765. The textual variations help us demonstrate that the common view on the history of these texts as directly descending from the only extant set of proof-reads is false. With textual and codicological analysis (including the presentation of three unique copies of the first edition), and using the records of the Academy Chancellery and Typography, we argue that the creation of the unique varying copies of the first edition were caused not only by the fire in the Academy building (December 5, 1747), but also by the lack of paper in the Typography’s stock and the fact, that the most part of the book had not yet been written by the time it started to print. For more than a year Lomonosov provided the typography with only small portions of the text, and thus the reprinting the portion of the print run damaged by the fire coincided with the creation of the last chapters. This made it possible for Lomonosov to radically rewrite the first paragraphs of an early chapter “On fictions,” turning it into a theoretical text, legitimizing the fiction genres, which became the crucial part of the Academy print in 1747/48 (Volchkov’s translation of the Aesop’s Fables; the translations of the Fenelons’ Telemaque and Barclay’s Argenis; Sumarokov’s tragedies). The article concludes with a verified stemma of the print sources of the “Kratkoe rukovodstvo,” issued during Lomonosov’s lifetime; and the Moscow edition (1759–1765) is argued to present the latest authorized text.
“The Word for Mercy” in the Church Slavonic Translation of the Second Half of the 17th Century and Its Polish Original: Realia Interpretation
Authors: Pentkovskaya Tatiana V.
Published: February 2019

“The Word for Mercy” was considered to be an original essay, written by Epiphanius Slavinetsky or Euthymius Chudovsky. In fact, it is a translation of Piotr Skarga’s cognominal sermon. The Church Slavonic translation is an example of the so-called inter-confessional rendering of the Polish original that shows its adaptation to the Orthodox tradition and to Russian historical and cultural specificity. The present paper analyses the problems of realia interpretation in the Church Slavonic translation of the Polish source. A distinctive feature of the translation is the elimination of specific signs of the Polish origin of the text. The translator pretends that a translated text is an original composition. To achieve this goal, he changes or omits the names of the Western saints. As markers indicating its place within the Byzantine tradition, he uses Greek lexical borrowings. Making a choice between lexical equivalents for transmission of the foreign realia, the translator probably uses multilingual lexicons such as the Thesaurus Polono-Latino-Graecus by Grzegorz Knapiusz and the Trilingual Lexicon by Epiphanius Slavinetsky. Very similar methods characterize the works of Simeon of Polotsk. Thus, it was not only the practice of the Chudov Monastery bookmen, but also Muscovite prevailing practice. “The Word for Mercy” is a unique example of adaptation of the Western ideas of state charity to the Russian situation in the second half of the 17th century. The ideological changes in the translation give this sermon features of the socio-legal project that is the hallmark of Early Modern times.
Addendum to "Quantum Gravity and the Holographic Mass" in view of the 2013 Muonic Proton Charge Radius Measurement
Authors: Haramein Nassim
Published: February 2019

We consider the latest results of the measurement of the charge radius of the proton utilizing laser spectroscopy of muonic hydrogen published in Science on January 25, 2013 by an international team lead by Aldo Antognini and carried out at the Paul Scherrer Institute Proton Accelerator. Given the new charge radius measurement, we compute the proton mass utilizing our generalized holographic approach and find that our result is now within 0.00072x10e-24 g of the 2010-CODATA value of the proton rest mass. Our predicted charge radius is now within 0.00036x10e-13 cm and remains within one standard deviation of the new measurement.
Pengembangan dan Promosi Pariwisata Kepulauan Nias
Authors: Telaumbanua Dalinama
Published: February 2019

Kepulauan Nias memiliki objek dan daya tarik wisatawan yang ada di masing-masing Daerah Tempat Wisata (DTP).
Analysis of The Application of Marketing Communication Mix by PT. Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk
Authors: Badru
Published: February 2019

marketing communication mix sebagai suatu strategi dalam pemasaran yang lebih efektif
Improving Practices for Selecting a Subset of Important Predictors in Psychology: An Application to Predicting Pain
Authors: Bainter Sierra , McCauley Thomas Granville , Wager Tor D , Losin Elizabeth Reynolds
Published: February 2019

In this paper we address the problem of selecting important predictors from some larger set of candidate predictors. Standard techniques are limited by lack of power and high false positive rates. A Bayesian variable selection approach used widely in biostatistics, stochastic search variable selection, can be used instead to combat these issues by accounting for uncertainty in the other predictors of the model. In this paper we present Bayesian variable selection to aid researchers facing this common scenario, along with an online application (https://ssvsforpsych.shinyapps.io/ssvsforpsych/) to perform the analysis and visualize the results. Using an application to predict pain ratings, we demonstrate how this approach quickly identifies reliable predictors, even when the set of possible predictors is larger than the sample size. This technique is widely applicable to research questions that may be relatively data-rich, but with limited information or theory to guide variable selection.
Double Responding: A New Constraint for Models of Speeded Decision Making
Authors: Evans Nathan J. , Dutilh Gilles , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan , van der Maas Han
Published: February 2019

Evidence accumulation models (EAMs) have become the dominant models of speeded decision making, which are able to decompose choices and response times into cognitive parameters that drive the decision process. Several models within the EAM framework contain fundamentally different ideas of how the decision making process operates, though previous assessments have found that these models display a high level of mimicry, which has hindered the ability of researchers to contrast these different theoretical viewpoints. Our study introduces a neglected phenomenon that we term “double responding”, which can help to further constrain these models. We show that double responding produces several interesting benchmarks, and that the predictions of different EAMs can be distinguished in standard experiment paradigms when they are constrained to account for the choice response time distributions and double responding behaviour in unison. Our findings suggest that lateral inhibition (e.g., the leaky-competing accumulator) provides models with a universal ability to make accurate predictions for these data, and that only models containing feed-forward inhibition (e.g., the diffusion model) provide poor predictions for these data regardless of the assumptions underlying how double responses are triggered. We believe that our study provides an important step forward in further constraining models of speeded decision making, though additional research on double responding is required before broad conclusions are made about which models provide the best explanation of the underlying decision-making process.
Negative influences of Facebook use through the lens of network analysis
Authors: Faelens Lien , Hoorelbeke Kristof , Fried Eiko I , de Raedt Rudi , Koster Ernst H. W.
Published: February 2019

Various recent studies suggest a negative association between Facebook use and mental health. Yet, empirical evidence for this association is mixed, raising the question under which conditions Facebook use is related to negative outcomes, such as decreased well-being. Our study addresses this question by investigating the relationship between Facebook use, rumination, depressive, anxiety-, and stress-related symptoms, taking into account potential key variables such as social comparison, contingent self-esteem, and global self-esteem. In a first study, we explored the unique relations between these constructs using state-of-the-art network analysis. Subsequently, we conducted a preregistered replication study. In both studies, social comparison and self-esteem held a central position in the network, connecting social media use with indicators of psychopathology. These findings highlight the prominent role of social comparison and self-esteem in the context of social media use and well-being. Longitudinal and experimental studies will be required to further investigate these relationships.
Future expectations in clinical depression: biased or realistic?
Authors: Zetsche Ulrike , Bürkner Paul - Christian , Renneberg Babette
Published: February 2019

Negative expectations have been highlighted as a key mechanism in the maintenance and recurrence of depression. Nonetheless, no study has investigated depressed individuals’ expectations about their future mood so far. This is surprising given that experiences of sustained negative mood and lack of positive mood are the hallmark symptoms of depression. The present study thus assessed depressed individuals’ expectations about their future mood and examined whether these expectations are accurate or negatively biased.The study used experience sampling methodology (ESM) to contrast participants’ expectations with their actually experienced sad and happy mood within a four-day period. At the end of this period, participants recalled their past mood. All variables were assessed in 30 clinically depressed individuals and 37 matched healthy controls, as well as in 56 undergraduate students with a wide range in depressive symptoms.Results revealed that clinically depressed individuals held negatively biased expectations about their future mood: they expected more sad and less happy mood than they actually experienced. In contrast, healthy individuals showed realistic expectations about their future mood. Depressed individuals also demonstrated a negative mood recall bias. Finally, individuals’ expectations and memories were more closely linked to depression status than their actually experienced mood.Although negative mood is the hallmark symptom of depression, the expectations and memories of negative mood may be even more central for the understanding of depression.
Self-efficacy and Attitude of the Teachers of SMAN Kuansing District towards the Utilization of ICT
Authors: Hadriana Hadriana
Published: February 2019

The development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has a very big influence on education. With the enactment of the 2013 Curriculum, a technology-based curriculum, teachers as learning agents must continue to equip themselves with knowledge related to ICT. This descriptive study aims to describe and analyze self-efficacy and attitudes of the teachers of SMAN Kuansing District towards the utilization of ICT in learning activities. Obstacles faced by the teachers in utilizing ICT and the efforts that have been done to overcome the obstacles are also discussed. The research data was collected in August 2018. By using stratified random sampling technique, 55 teachers were determined as the sample. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Then, the questionnaire was analyzed through descriptive statistics to obtain frequencies and percentages. Finally, it can be concluded that the average score of self-efficacy of the teachers of SMAN in Kuansing District in utilizing ICT is 80.6% and the average score of their attitudes is 92.8%. It means that their self-efficacy and attitude are in very good levels. Although there are many obstacles faced by teachers in terms of facilities, infrastructure and human resources, the teachers have their own strategies to solve those obstacle.
Development of Constructivism-Base Student Work Sheets of Aldehydes and Ketone Materials for Organic Chemistry II Students
Authors: Hasnah Hasnah , Susilawati Susilawati , Erna Maria , Rini Rini
Published: February 2019

Teaching materials that were applied previously in the form of MFIs are not yet constructivism-based. During the time, the applied student worksheet (LKM) is monotonic so that students are less motivated in the learning process, as the solution, a constructivism-based LKM need to be developed. The research aims to develop constructivismbased Student Worksheets on aldehyde and ketone material. This type of research was Research and Development with a 4-D development model which includes Definition, Design, Development, and Disseminate. This research was only carried out until the development stage and was followed by limited trials. The research was conducted at the FKIP University of Riau. The object of the research was constructivism-based LKM. The data analysis technique used in the study was descriptive statistical analysis, which was calculating the percentage of validation values. The average score of the assessment of the five aspects of the LKM feasibility by the validator team, which was didactic, constructs of feasibility of presentation, construct of linguistic, technical feasibility, characteristics of constructivism successively have a score of 98%, 100%, 99%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The average score of overall validation of constructivism-based Aldehyde and Ketone LKM is 99.39% with a valid feasibility category, meaning that the developed LKM are feasible to use in the real teaching.
Printed and IT THOTSIC as a Benchmark of Students’ Ability in Facing the National Examination
Authors: Sa’adah Siti Imroatus
Published: February 2019

This research aims to determine the characteristics of THOTSIC in class X chemistry material and to develop a valid and reliable package of questions. The results of PISA study in 2015 showed that the performance of Indonesian students was still relatively low. National Examination, as a benchmark for national standards, should consist of questions component with higher level thinking skills. Chemistry is a central science because it connects various other scientific fields. This is development research based on Research & Development (R & D) using the Plomp model. The results showed the average score of the material expert validator assessment was 99.27%. Limited trials consisted of 1 chemistry teacher and 10 students in class XI. Data analysis showed that teachers’ response questionnaires were 4.93 as a very good category and students’ were78.95% as a good category. The analysis of the reliability level of the questions was 0.62 in the high category level. The level of difficulty of the questions was 0.3 as a difficult criteria and the problem differentiator was 0.39, Dp≥0.3 = as the question was accepted.
Wildfire Dynamics in Nepal from 2000-2016
Authors: Bhujel Krishna Bahadur , Maskey-Byanju Rejina , Gautam Ambika P.
Published: February 2019

Increasing trends of wildfire in recent year has become a serious concern across the world. However, in the Nepalese context, there seem limited studies carried out in connection to wildfires. Thus, the present research was objectively carried out to find out the trends, compare the wildfire incidence, burnt area, burning days and density of wildfire in the period before 2016 (2000-2015) and 2016. For the purpose, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spector-Radiometer (MODIS) satellite images of Nepal were archived and literatures related to wildfires were collected from various sources. The burnt areas were calculated and wildfire incidences were counted in the image using ArcGIS. The wildfire events of before and during 2016 were compared by using excel program. The result showed wildfire incidence and burnt area are in increasing trends over the 17 years. The wildfire incidences were higher (around 33%) in 2016 in compared to the annual average incidences from 2000 to 2015. Similarly, there seems 42% more burnt areas in 2016 as compared to period from 2000 to 2015. Moreover, there seem 38 average annual wildfire days during the period from 2000-2015; however 40 wildfire days were recorded in 2016 adding two more days. The pre-monsoon period was found highly prone to wildfire incidence than the other seasons. The wildfire density showed around 0.09 incidence and 3.4 hectares burnt area per square km in 2016 which was only 0.03 incidences with 1.4 ha burnt area per km2 during 2000-2015. The highest density of wildfire was recorded to be nearly 0.16 incidences with 6.4 ha burnt area per km2 in 2016 in Tarai region. The findings will be helpful tool to wildfire ecology, wildfire managers and policy makers.
Physicochemical characteristics of forest soils in Tarai and Siwalik regions of Nepal
Authors: Sapkota Ramesh P. , Stahl Peter D. , Rijal Kedar
Published: February 2019

Soils are important components of every terrestrial ecosystem. In Nepal, terrestrial ecosystems of Tarai and Siwalik regions are highly vulnerable due to intense anthropogenic disturbances. Forest depletion and land degradation have posed substantial impacts on soil quality. This review paper focuses on identifying the status of physical and chemical characteristics of forest soils in Tarai and Siwalik regions. For the purpose, published articles from various sources, as well as publications of Government of Nepal were reviewed. The study showed variation in physicochemical characteristics of soils in different regions. The land areas covered with vegetation were found effective in controlling erosion and consequently retention of important chemical properties of soils. The scientific studies on soil physical, chemical and biological quality seem inadequate. Standard research framework and sampling designs are required in future studies, so that comparisons on soil properties across different degraded and/or other land-use categories can be made. There is need of development of scientific database on soil quality for supporting future ecosystem management and restoration programs.
Periglacial environment in Nepal Himalaya: Present contexts and future prospects
Authors: Chauhan Raju , Thakuri Sudeep
Published: February 2019

Periglacial environment in the Nepal Himalaya (80°04’ to 88°12’ E longitude and 26°22’ to 30°27’ N latitude) is a research field that has received a little scientific attention although the first reported periglacial research was in 1958. After the first periglacial research, only 22 studies are reported in Nepal (area: 147,181 km2), most of which is carried out by researchers outside the country. Studies mainly focus on periglacial landforms and determining the lower limit of the mountain permafrost. The mean lower limit of permafrost (LLP) and the size of rock glaciers indicate a decreasing trend of the permafrost limit from the eastern (5239 m a.s.l.) to the western part of Nepal (4513 m a.s.l.). The rate of change in the LLP in response to climate change in Nepal Himalaya is 1.3–2.6 m/yr. Model on the scenario of permafrost change based on the IPCC climate scenarios shows that the LLP would rise by 188 m between 2009 and 2039 with the rise in temperature. The periglacial landforms, like vegetated patterned ground (earth hummocks, turf banked terraces), sorted polygons, sorted stripes, solifluction lobes, striated ground, and rock glaciers are reported from the Nepal Himalaya. The spatial and temporal coverage of periglacial research in Nepal Himalaya is very low. The arena of periglacial researches, like permafrost distribution modelling, periglacial hazards, periglacial ecology, relationships between permafrost and rangeland, and implication on mountain livelihood, global warming and periglacial change are the potential areas of research in the coming days.
Implicatura escalar como um universal linguístico: dados experimentais do português brasileiro
Authors: Vieira Renato Caruso
Published: February 2019

Neste trabalho, investigamos a aquisição de implicatura escalar em português brasileiro em busca dos componentes pragmático-cognitivos que sustentem o domínio desse tipo de inferência. Em nosso experimento, aplicado a crianças de 5 e 7 anos adquirindo português brasileiro, sentenças análogas contendo termos escalares fracos eram proferidas em contextos lower-bound e em contextos upper-bound, de maneira que tivemos oportunidade de testar a capacidade infantil de dar interpretação estritamente semântica ou de implicatura escalar aos termos escalares dependendo da influência contextual. Identificamos nas crianças testadas sensibilidade contextual capaz de garantir interpretação esperada, em concordância com resultados obtidos em outras línguas.
Relações referenciais em frases coordenadas e subordinadas adverbiais
Authors: Canceiro Nádia
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as relações referenciais que se estabelecem entre sujeitos em frases coordenadas e subordinadas adverbiais (integradas e não integradas). A observação do comportamento destes elementos irá fornecer pistas em relação às propriedades dos sujeitos omitidos e realizados nestas construções e às configurações estruturais que lhe estão subjacentes. Para complementar a abordagem teórica, construiu-se uma Tarefa de Juízo de Referência,de forma a obter todas as interpretações associadas a cada frase. Este estudo permitiu-nos perceber que a barreira entre coordenação e subordinação adverbial vai para além daquilo que está descrito.
Testando o papel da referência temporal na forma do imperativo em Português Brasileiro
Authors: Lamberti Luana , Schwenter Scott A.
Published: February 2019

O imperativo em português brasileiro pode ser expresso tanto com indicativo (come!) quanto subjuntivo (coma!). Pesquisas anteriores explicam esta variação segundo a região e como mudança em progresso para o indicativo. Nossa pesquisa experimental mostra que falantes de diversas regiões compartilham uma forte preferência pela forma do subjuntivo quando o contexto discursivo referido ocorre em um futuro distante, enquanto o indicativo é favorecido em contextos mais imediatos. A análise estatística dos dados revela que só nesses últimos contextos se percebe uma possível mudança em progresso para mais indicativo. O uso do subjuntivo em contextos temporais distantes mostra estabilidade. Concluímos que uma explicação adequada da variação precisa tomar em conta a referência temporal do imperativo em seu contexto discursivo.
História Antiga na África e a África na História Antiga
Authors: Garcia Pinto Luciano César
Published: February 2019

Apresentação
An Algorithm using Context Reduction for Efficient Incremental Generation of Concept Set
Authors: Kovács László
Published: February 2019

The theory of Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) provides efficient methods for conceptualization of formal contexts. The methods of FCA are applied mainly on the field of knowledge engineering and data mining. The key element in FCA applications is the generation of a concept set. The main goal of this research work is to develop an efficient incremental method for the construction of concept sets. The incremental construction method is used for problems where context may change dynamically. The paper first proposes a novel incremental concept set construction algorithm called ALINC, where the insertion loop runs over the attribute set. The combination of object-level context processing and ALINC is an object level incremental algorithm (OALINC) where the context is built up object by object. Based on the performed tests, OALINC dominates the other popular batch or incremental methods for sparse contexts. For dense contexts, the OINCLOSE method, which uses the InClose algorithm for processing of reduced contexts, provides a superior efficiency. Regarding the OALINC/OINCLOSE algorithms, our test results with uniform distribution and real data sets show that our method provides very good performance in the full investigated parameter range. Especially good results are experienced for symmetric contexts in the case of word clustering using context-based similarity.
Luiz, seus Pais e o Tratamento Oncológico: um Estudo de Caso
Authors: Lanzetta Roberta Corrêa , Bernart Ana Beatriz Rocha , Simonato Mariana Pereira , Lima Fernanda Ferreira da Silva
Published: February 2019

Introdução: A complexidade do tratamento em oncologia pediátrica exige terapias multimodais em centros especializados, intervenções multiprofissionais, assim como um manejo que respeite a singularidade de cada caso. Relato do caso: Trata-se do caso de um adolescente de 16 anos que foi encaminhado de um hospital geral, onde foi diagnosticado com osteossarcoma. Na ocasião, além da doença localmente avançada, também apresentava metástases pulmonares bilaterais. A partir do suporte da equipe multiprofissional, o paciente e seus familiares puderam construir estratégias para atravessar o adoecimento oncológico. Conclusão: O câncer produz efeitos não só do ponto de vista orgânico, mas também traz consequências ao psiquismo, que podem ser potencialmente traumáticas. Nota-se a necessidade da elaboração dos diversos lutos que perpassam o adoecimento e tratamento oncológico para que alguma capacidade (re)inventiva seja possível. Evidenciou-se que não só os pacientes, mas também seus responsáveis e a equipe multiprofissional, possuem maneiras de lidar com o que experienciam no dia a dia na oncologia pediátrica.
TINGKAT KEYAMANAN PASIEN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION DENGAN REHABILITASI JANTUNG FASE 1 DI IPI RUMAH SAKIT BAPTIS KEDIRI
Authors: Idris Desi Natalia Trijayanti , Dewi Arlina , Sari Novita Kurnia
Published: February 2019

Pasien AMI merasakan nyeri yang sangat hebat. Nyeri yang diakibatkan oleh pasien AMI menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan dan penurunan fungsi tubuh yang berdampak berupa gejala fisik dan psikoemosional, yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh rehabilitasi jantung fase 1 Terhadap kenyamanan pasien acute myocardial infarction di Ruang IPI RS Baptis Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasy � experiment dengan post test design. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan mengunakan teknik quota sampling dengan jumlah sampel 40 yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok Intervensi dilakukan rehabilitasi jantung fase 1 dan kelompok kontrol mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan sesuai prosedur yang ada di rumah sakit. Pengumpulandata dengan kuesioner SGCQ yang sebelumnya telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan uji statistik Independent Samples T-Test untuk mengetahui pengaruh kenyamanan pasien acute myocardial infarction. Hasil penelitian untuk kenyamanan pada kelompok intervensi mean 94.95 dan pada kelompok kontrol 78.20 Uji beda kenyamanan pada kelompok intervensi dan kontrol didapatkan hasil nilai t -4.36 dengan p<0.001. Kesimpulan Ada Perbedaan yang signifikan kenyamanan pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol setelah dilakukan rehabilitasi jantung fase 1.

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Kata kunci: Acute myocardial infarction, Rehabilitasi jantung fase 1, kenyamanan
HUBUNGAN KADAR GULA DARAH SEWAKTU DENGAN GEJALA NEUROPATI PERIFER PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
Authors: . Supriyadi , . Susmini
Published: February 2019

Gangguan metabolik mampu menyebabkan beberapa penyakit salah satunya ialah diabetes melitus. Gejala umum yang sering muncul pada kasus diabetes melitus yaitu hiperglikemia. Hiperglikemia yang berkepanjangan dapat mengakibatkan berbagai macam komplikasi diantaranya komplikasi mikrovaskuler dan makrovaskuler. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar gula darah sewaktu dengan gejala neuropati perifer penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 32 penderita diabetes melitus yang dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling, penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Kedung Dowo Kecamatan Nganjuk. Berdasarkan uji statistik Fisher’s Exact Test didapatkan p value 0.002 (p value < 0.05) yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara kadar gula darah sewaktu dengan gejala neuropati perifer penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2.
PERSPEKTIF QUR'AN TENTANG KEHIDUPAN
Authors: Saad Suadi
Published: February 2019

Sikap manusia terhadap hidup di dunia ini ada dua: ada yang berpandangan optimis dan ada yang berpandangan pesimis. Kaum optimis, yang beragama maupun yang anti agama, sama-sama berpendapat bahwa hidup ini cukup berharga karena mengandung makna dan tujuan. Inilah pandangan manusia pada umumnya. Tetapi berkesimpulan bahwa hidup ini bermakna dan bertujuan belum berarti banyak, jika tidak diteruskan dengan upaya menjawab pertanyaan, makna yang mana dan tujuan yang mana, bernilai positi (baik) atau negatif (jahat)?Di dalam artikel ini dijelaskan tentang hidup di dalam perspektif ayat-ayat Qur'an menurut pemahaman saya dengan, tentusaja, ditunjang oleh hadis-hadis Nabi maupun pandangan beberapa mufasir. Upaya ini terasa penting agar kita dapat memahami apa sebenarnya hakikat, arti, dan tujuan hidup yang kita jalani ini, menurut Qur'an.
HADITS MUKHTALIF DAN SOLUSI APLIKASINYA
Authors: Sohari Sohari
Published: February 2019

Hadits Nabi, yang menetapkan sumber hukum yang kedua seteh al­Qur'an ternyata di dalamnya terdapat kontradiksi, baik dari segi periwayatannya, sanadnya maupun dalam kualitasnya. Dari segi sanadnya terdapat perdebatan tentang adanya perawi dusta yang berakibat kepada adanya penolakan terhadap eksistensi hadits yang diriwayatkan. Hadits yang diriwayatkan oleh sejumlah besar perawi ditinjau dari segi kualitasnya bisa dijadikan dasar hukum, karena hadits tersebut tergolong mutawattir. Demikian juga terhadap hadits yang berkualitas Shahih dan Hasan nampaknya dapat diterima (maqbul) atau ma'muulun bih (bisa diamalkan). Di samping itu ada juga hadits maqbul yang tidak bisa diamalkan (maqbul ghairu ma'muulin bih).Adapun hadits maqbul yang ma'mulun bih (yang dapat diamalkan) ialah hadits muhkam, hadits mukhtalif, hadits rajih dan hadits nasikh. Dalam pembahasan ini penulis hanya akan menyoroti hadits mukhtalif, yaitu hadits maqbul yang saling berlawanan atau bertentangan maksudnya secara lahir. Dalam menyikapi, masalah hadits mukhtalif para ulama berbeda pendapat, antara lain ada yang membolehkan untuk mengamalkan salah satu dari kedua hadits mukhtalif, dan ada pula yang membolehkan untuk mengamalkan kedua hadits yang berlawanan. Salah satu contoh hadits mukhtalif adalah: Bahwa dalam masalah penyakit Nabi. mengungkapkan dua hadits (berlawanan) di satu sisi beliau mengungkapkan bahwa ''Penyakit itu tidak ada yang menular': namun di sisi lain beliau juga mengungkapkan bahwa kita harus menyingkir (menjauh) dari orang yang kena penyakit kusta.
COOPERATIVE LEARNING PRACTICE
Authors: Syafrizal Syafrizal , Pahamzah Jhon
Published: February 2019

The ultimate goal of the English language teaching and learning is that learners can use the language in an accepted level of  appropriacy. To achieve the goal of teaching, teachers should determine the appropriate strategy of the teaching ·and learning. A strategy is defined as a plan of action. Teaching strategy includes methods, techniques and materials that are selected to promote learning. The term of teaching and learning strategy represents the teaching and learning process. With a joint program between Indonesia government and the United Nations, the government has implemented a new  system of  learning which one of the feature is requiring students to .be actively involved in more cooperative and interactive ways of learning, that is, students are supposed to work in groups to achieve shared learning goals. What makes it different from individ11alistic and competitive class? And how the cooperative and interactive ways of  learning is conducted.
AGAMA DAN TANTANGAN­KEMANUSIAAN KONTEMPORER
Authors: Hudaeri Mohamad
Published: February 2019

Wacana keagamaan kembali menguat ketika masyarakat dunia memasuki milenium ketiga. Kesadaran untuk kembali ke agama ini tidak bisa dilepaskan dari krisis modernitas yang - tengah melanda masyarakat. Modernitas disamping mendatangkan kemakmuran material bagi sebagian masyarakat, ternjata juga mengandung berbagai macam paradoks, dehumanisasi dan alienasi.Munculnya berbagai macam penyakit kemanusian ini tidak bisa dilepaskan dari hilangnya ruang spiritual dari kehidupan manusia modem. Akibatnya, modernitas yang selama ini diagung-agungkan, telah menyebabkan manusia menjadi kerdil, kering dan hampa karena kehilangan makna dan tujuan hidup yang hakiki, yang berada pada ranah paling dalam pada diri manusia, yaitu spiritualitas. Untuk itulah agama kembali dilirik sebagai terapi krisis kemanusiaan.Namun demikian, tidak sedikit orang yang meragukan fungsi positif agama sebagai terapi krisis kemanusiaan kontemporer. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kenyataan bahwa sebagian dari tindakan kekerasan, eksklusivisme dan berbagai pelanggaran nilai-nilai universal kemanusiaan dilakukan atas nama agama: Jadi bagaimana mungkin agama dapat berperan menjadi solusi krisis?.Bagi sebagian cendekiawan dan agamawan, tindakan yang melanggar nilai-nilai kemanusiaan yang diatasnamakan agama tersebut disebabkan oleh sesuatu yang kompleks. Salah satunya adalah ketidakmampuan sebagian pemeluk agama dalam memahami nilai-nilai universal agamanya. Substansi agama telah direduksi oleh pemaham yang sempit dan kepentingan sesaat.Untuk itulah, saat ini, diperlukan adanya rekonstruksi teologis pada setiap agama agar mampu menghadapi tantangan kemanusiaan kontemporer. Dengan demikian, agama dapat memberikan arah, makna dan tujuan hidup pada manusia, serta tampil secara lebih ramah, sejuk, terbuka dan humanis.