bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Effect of Varying the Metal Precursor in The Colloidal Synthesis of MoSe2 Nanomaterials and Their Application as Electrodes in The Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Ndala Zakhele , Shumbula Ndivhuwo , Nkabinde Siyabonga , Kolokoto Tshwarela , Nchoe Obakeng , Shumbula Poslet , Linganiso Cebisa , Tetana Zikhona , Gqoba Siziwe , Moloto Nosipho
Published: July 2020

Herein we report on the use of different metal precursors in the synthesis of MoSe2 nanomaterials in order to control their morphology. The use of Mo(CO)6 as the metal precursor resulted in the formation of wrinkled few-layer nanosheets, while the use of H2MoO4 as the metal precursor resulted in the formation of nanoflowers. To investigate the effect of the morphologies on their performance as catalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction, electrochemical characterization was done using linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. The MoSe2 nanomaterials were found to have superior electrochemical performance towards the hydrogen evolution reaction with a lower Tafel slope, on-set potential and potential at 10 mA/cm2 compared to the wrinkled few-layer nanosheets. This was found to be due to the higher effective electrochemical surface area of the nanoflowers compared to the nanosheets which suggests a higher number of exposed edge sites in the nanoflowers.
Catalytic Activity of Srilankite Nanoparticles in the Esterification of Oleic Acid
Authors: Berrones-Hernández Roberto , Trejo-Hernández Gerardo , Pérez-Luna Yolanda del Carmen , Sánchez-Roque Yazmin , Rojas-Blanco Lizeth , Zamudio-Torres Ildefonso , Figueroa-Ramírez Sandra Jazmín , Pérez-Hernández Germán , Ramírez-Morales Erik
Published: July 2020

This work shows the results obtained in the synthesis of srilankite nanoparticles, (Zr, Ti)O2, and TiO2 anatase, both catalysts presented an admix of phases, anatase/rutile, and srilankite/rutile, respectively. Their performance in the production of biodiesel through the esterification of oleic acid was evaluated. The catalysts were obtained using the sol-gel process and sulfated via the impregnation method. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scan electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze the properties in its crystalline structure, morphology, and chemical composition. Its efficiency during the esterification reaction was measured based on the decrease in free fatty acids (FFA). FFA, oleic acid was added at different weight percentages (1%, 3%, and 5% w/w). The time of reaction was 6 hours at 55 °C and the catalyst with better performance was the sulfated Srilankite/rutile, reaching a maximum conversion of up to 90%.
Sistem Pemasaran Dropship dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Cahyadi Iwan Fahri
Published: July 2020

Companies that want to survive must be able to adapt and respond to changes in the business environment, whether it's internal and external environment. Companies that are not able to adapt to changing environment then it will fail in his efforts. One of the changes that are happening at the moment is the marketing system with a system of dropship. On the other hand being debated dropship marketing system for the leaders of religion in Indonesia. There are some religious leaders denounce as there are elements of gharar and partly justifies. Islam is the perfect religion. Most of the religious leaders gave an answer that is clearly selling dropship allowed in Islam with a record must meet the Islamic jurisprudence. The solution is through the Covenant of samirah, wakalah and salam. Thus the law of selling dropship system is allowed, as long as there are no prohibited items.
Desain Penyelesaian Kredit Macet Dalam Pembiayaan Murobahah Di BMT Bina Ummat Sejahtera
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: July 2020

Financing based on Islamic principles actually to increase employment opportunities and economic prosperity in accordance with the Islamic values. The existence of BMT run financing based on Islamic principles not only for profits and enliven the financing business in Indonesia, but also to create a safe business environment with Islamic principles that do not burden the debtor. One of the financing with the principles of Syariah is financing with the murabahah system. Murabahah financing is a type of purchase contract item with the acquisition price and profit (margin) as agreed by the seller and the buyer where the refund loans by the customer can be done in the form of a mortgage or loan. Loans granted certainly has risk so required ability and effectiveness in managing credit risk and minimize the potential losses. Experienced credit risk is a breakdown of murabahah financing so that need to design a settlement in such financing.
Paradigma Maqāsid Syariah Menjadi Disiplin Ilmu
Authors: Abidin Mukhlis
Published: July 2020

The focus of this paper is on the issue of maqasid sharia from the historical aspect and the paradigm shift in thinking from scientific disciplines that still belong to Ushul Fiqh to become independent disciplines. Maqasid sharia is an attempt to harmonize commands and prohibitions to produce a moderate attitude in capturing messages from religious texts born 14 centuries ago. Maqasid sharia was established as a new independent scientific discipline after the appearance of as-Syatibi, which was later developed by scientists after a change of approach (which was previously only a fiqh approach in the modern approach to maqasid science with multiple disciplines including medical, social and any other sciences which support to take legal conclusion). Maqasid sharia is wisdom from what Allah revealed about law to be made a universal value.
Keberadaan Bank Syariah dalam Tata Hukum Nasional
Authors: Aristoni Aristoni
Published: July 2020

The presence of Islamic banks operating on a profit sharing system is the beginning of the history of the growth of Islamic banks in Indonesia as an effort to meet the needs of the people who want banking products and services that are not interest-based, and are not speculative or not violating the principles of justice and togetherness. In addition, the birth of Islamic banks is also an opportunity for Muslims to use to relate calmly without hesitation because it is based on strong religious motivation in mobilizing public funds to finance economic development towards the welfare of many people. The existence of Islamic banks in the national legal system has a strong foothold after the enactment of Law Number 7 of 1992 concerning Banking which has substantially regulated banking business activities that have an operational basis for profit sharing. Provisions for profit sharing contained in these laws and regulations have been used as the legal basis for the operation of Islamic banks in Indonesia.
Multi Level Marketing dalam Tinjauan Hukum Islam (Studi Fatwa DSN-MUI NOMOR: 75/DSN-MUI/VII/2009 Tentang Pedoman Penjualan Langsung Berjenjang Syariah)
Authors: Nurhisam Luqman
Published: July 2020

Bisnis Multi Level Marketing (MLM) kian hari makin berkembang, bahkan muncul MLM yang berbasis syari’ah. Perusahaan yang berbasis syari’ah diwajibkan memenuhi janji atau komitmennya. Hal ini sesuai dengan ajaran Islam, secara realitas, kini perusahan MLM sudah banyak tumbuh di dalam maupun luar negeri. Contohnya adalah Ahad Net, UFO BKB Syariah, Exer, Mitra Permata Haji, dan K-Link Indonesia yang menjalankan prinsip syari’ah dan memperoleh sertifikat halal dari DSN-MUI, sebagaimana yang difatwakan dalam Nomor: 75/DSN-MUI/VII/2009.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa kebolehan dari mekanisme Multi Level Marketing dengan menggunakan kerangka hukum Islam merujuk pada Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor: 75/DSN-MUI/VII/2009. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah library research, dengan analisa deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Multi Level Marketing yang mana telah dipraktekkan oleh masyarakat sebagaimana yang difatwakan oleh DSN-MUI Nomor: 75/DSN-MUI/VII/2009 tentang Pedoman Penjualan Langsung Berjenjang Syariah hukumnya adalah boleh, dengan merujuk kepada hadis-hadis yang diuraikan sebelumnya bahwasanya dapat dijadikan sebagai hujjah atau pedoman hukum dan segala kegiatan bisnis yang menggunakan pedoman penjualan berjenjang diharuskan memenuhi berbagai ketentuan-ketentuan sebagaimana yang terdapat dalam fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor: 75/DSN-MUI/VII/2009. DSN-MUI menggunakan dalil-dalil tersebut adalah sebagai  landasan secara umum, karena tidak ada dalil yang spesifik terkait dengan Multi Level Marketing.

 

Kata kunci: Multi Level Marketing, MLM, fatwa DSN-MUI
Analisis Sistem Dropship Marketing Perspektif Konsep Maqashid Syariah Al-Syatibi
Authors: Soviana Riqqa , Abidin Zainal
Published: July 2020

Dropship marketing system is a method of buying and selling online that is intended to achieve ease of transaction between seller and buyer. The benefit to be realized utilizes e-commerce as a practical modern tool. But in practice found a problem in this system that questions the element of mutual benefit between the seller and buyer. The problem is in the form of no need for a seller (dropshipper) to have merchandise to be traded. Whereas the existence of merchandise is a harmony and the conditions that must be met in the practice of buying and selling in order to avoid the element of uncertainty (gharar). Based on that problem then this research was made. This study aims to examine in depth the marketing implementation of the dropship system with the analysis of the concept of maqashid sharia al-Syatibi. The method used is in the form of a literature review with secondary supporting references. The results of this study indicate that the dropship marketing system that has been practiced by the wider community is not in accordance with the concept of maqashid syariah al-Syatibi. This is caused by the existence of lafadz clear orders and prohibitions related to the necessity of having merchandise by the seller, so that between the seller and buyer there is no party who feels disadvantaged. In connection with the most important thing, namely the fulfillment of the elements of maintenance of religion, soul, reason, honor and descent, as well as property as a condition for the achievement of sharia maqashid.
Reimbursement Penalties and 30-Day Readmissions Following Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Hollenbeak Christopher S. , Spencer Maureen , Schilling Amber L. , Kirschman David , Warye Kathy L. , Parvizi Javad
Published: July 2020

Background:

The U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act created the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) and the Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program (HACRP). Under these programs, hospitals face reimbursement reductions for having high rates of readmission and hospital-acquired conditions. This study investigated whether readmission following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) under the HRRP was associated with reimbursement penalties under the HACRP.

Methods:

Hospital-level data on hospital-acquired conditions, readmissions, and financial penalties were obtained from Definitive Healthcare. Outcomes included receipt of an HACRP penalty and the associated losses in revenue in 2018. Logistic regression and linear regression models were used to determine whether the all-cause, 30-day readmission rate following TJA was associated with the receipt or magnitude of an HACRP penalty.

Results:

Among 2,135 private, acute care hospitals, 477 (22.3%) received an HACRP penalty. After controlling for other patient and hospital characteristics, hospitals with a 30-day readmission rate of >3% after TJA had over twice the odds of receiving an HACRP penalty (odds ratio, 2.20; p = 0.043). In addition, hospitals with a readmission rate of >3% after TJA incurred $77,519 more in revenue losses due to HACRP penalties (p = 0.011). These effects were magnified in higher-volume hospitals.

Conclusions:

Acute care hospitals in the United States with higher 30-day readmission rates following TJA are more likely to be penalized and to have greater revenue losses under the HACRP than hospitals with lower readmission rates after TJA. This strengthens the incentive to invest in the prevention of readmissions after TJA, for example, through greater efforts to reduce surgical site infections and other modifiable risk factors.
Penggunaan emotional appeals pada niat berdonasi (guilt appeals vs sadness appeals): sudut pandang Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Choirunnisa Zuyyinna , Hendriyana Tanti , Hartini Sri
Published: July 2020

The objective of this study is to compare the use of emotional appeal (guilt appeals and sadness appeals) on donation advertisement on Rohingya social disasters against the intention of donating using the perspective of Planned Behavior Theory. The research method used in this research is quantitative research with experimental design with convenience sampling, that is, master sudent at Airlangga University. By using ANOVA test and multiple linear regression, this study answers the hypothesists. The results show that sadness appeals has greater impact than guilt appeal in the formation of subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. In addition, this study found that behavioral control not signifiacantly impact the intention of donating. This research also provides implications for nonprofit organizational managers to pay attention in delivering information of donation to donors, because respondents had begun to more sensitive of the type of advertising framing.
Firm attributes and share price fluctuation of deposit money banks listed in Nigeria
Authors: Idris Adamu Adamu , Ekundayo Oyindamola Olusegun , Yunusa Abdulateef
Published: July 2020

This paper examined firms’ attributes impact on the fluctuation of share prices of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was employed, and 13 deposit money banks firms were selected out of 15 from 2006-2016. Descriptive statistics were presented, and correlation analysis was conducted to understand the degree of relationship among the variables. Ordinary least Squares regression was used to ascertain the combined impact of the explanatory variables on the share prices. The study finds four firms’ attributes (dividend ratios, book value, growth and liquidity) to have statistically significant effect on share prices. Companies with high dividends and asset growth as well as low liquidity and book values are more likely to experience higher share prices; hence, the need for investors to be aware of these attributes in making investment decisions. The findings contribute to the existing literature by extending the study to the banking industry.
WITHDRAWN: Tripartite Motif Containing 37 Activates the Wnt/β-catenin Signalling Pathway and Confers Cisplatin Resistance to Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Jin xin , Ding Dapeng , LIU FEIYE , Chen Yizhi
Published: July 2020

Background
Emerging evidence shows that the deregulation of tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins have various functions in cellular processes and play important role in innate immunity, nervous system diseases, protein quality control and carcinogenesis. However, the precise biological function and molecular mechanism of TRIM family proteins in ovarian cancer chemo-resistance remain unclear.
Methods
The protein and mRNA expression of TRIM37 in ovarian cancer cell lines and patient tissues were determined using Real-time PCR and Western blot and IHC respectively. Functional assays, such as MTT, FACS, and Tunel assay used to determine the oncogenic role of TRIM37 in human ovarian cancer progression. Furthermore, western blotting and luciferase assay were used to determine the mechanism of TRIM37 promotes chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells.
Results
Herein, we found that the protein and mRNA expression of TRIM37 were markedly overexpressed in ovarian cancer tissues which shown partially responded to cisplatin chemotherapy. Moreover, TRIM37 expression was inversely correlated with patient survival in our cohort HCC tissue samples and public HCC database. Overexpression of TRIM37 confers cisplatin resistance on ovarian cancer cells; but, inhibition of TRIM37 sensitized ovarian cancer cell lines to cisplatin cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, TRIM37 upregulated the levels of nuclear β-catenin, thereby activating canonical wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Conclusions
our results demonstrate that targeting TRIM37/β-catenin axis may represent a promising strategy to enhance cisplatin response in patients with chemo-resistant ovarian cancer.
Enzasataurin Enhances ATRA-induced Differentiation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Authors: Li Ze-yi , Liang Cui , Ding Ming , Weng Xiang-qin , Sheng yan , Wu Jing , Lu Hao , cai xun
Published: July 2020

Background

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is considered to be the sole clinically useful differentiating agent in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, it has been effective only in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) but not other subtypes of AML. Therefore, finding strategies to sensitize cells to ATRA may develop ATRA-based therapy in the treatment of non-APL AML patients.
Methods

Cell proliferation was assessed by cell growth. Cell death was evaluated by cell viability and Annexin-V assay. Cell differentiation was analyzed by CD11b expression and morphology. To explore the underlying mechanisms, we studied the role of PKCβ, MEK, ERK, AKT, PU.1, C/EBPβ and C/EBPε by Western-blotting analysis.
Results

In this study, a clinically achievable concentration of enzastaurin enhanced ATRA-induced differentiation of AML cell lines, HL-60 and U937 as well as non-APL AML primary cells, while it also restored ATRA sensitivity in ATRA-resistant cell line, HL-60Res. Mechanistically, in all these cell lines, enzastaurin-ATRA (enz-ATRA) enhanced the protein levels of PU.1, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and C/EBPε. The activity of protein kinase C β (PKCβ) was suppressed by enz-ATRA treatment in HL-60 and HL-60Res cells. However, another PKCβ-selective inhibitor mimicked the cellular and molecular effects of enzastaurin only in HL-60 cells. Only in U937 cells, enz-ATRA activated MEK and ERK, and a MEK specific inhibitor suppressed enz-ATRA-triggered differentiation and reduced the protein levels of PU.1, C/EBPβ and C/EBPε. Enz-ATRA activated Akt in HL-60 and HL-60Res cells. However, an Akt inhibitor blocked enz-ATRA-triggered differentiation and restored the protein levels of PU.1, C/EBPβ and C/EBPε only in HL-60Res cells. Therefore, PKCβ inhibition, MEK/ERK and Akt activation are involved in enz-ATRA-induced differentiation in HL-60, U937 and HL-60Res cells, respectively by modulation of the protein levels of C/EBPβ, C/EBPε and PU.1.
Conclusions

Enzastaurin, at the clinically achievable concentration, enhances ATRA-induced differentiation of AML cells by PKCβ inhibition, MEK/ERK and Akt activation. This study may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for AML patients.
Resting Energy Expenditure Guided Intervention for Gestational Weight Gain in Obese and Overweight Women
Authors: Zhao Xiuling , Ma Wei , Zhang Caixia , Xu Pili , Zhang Chunmei , Jiang Shan , Gaudet Laura , Gao Jie , Wen Shi Wu
Published: July 2020

BackgroundThere is sparse in the literature on resting energy expenditure guided intervention to manage gestational weight gain in obese and overweight women. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study in Beijing, China between May 1, 2017 and April 30, 2018. Obese/overweight women who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at LuHe hospital of Capital Medical University, a tertiary care facility in Beijing, China, for their routine prenatal care at 10-13 weeks of gestation during the study period were recruited into the study after written consent was obtained. Pregnant women who took steroid medication or who were diagnosed with thyroid disease or affected by pre-pregnant diabetes mellitus or for other reasons could not participate in the study assessments were excluded. Women who were recruited between May 1, 2017 and November 30, 2017 were the designated control group with diet recommendation based on pre-pregnancy body mass index and ideal weight, without resting energy expenditure monitoring. Women who were recruited between December 1, 2017 and April 30, 2018 were the intervention group, with resting energy expenditure guided diet recommendation to manage gestational weight gain. Gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes between the two groups were compared.ResultsA total of 53 eligible women (32 in intervention group and 21 in control group) were recruited and included in the final analysis. There was no difference in baseline demographic and clinical characteristics between the two groups. Gestational weight gain (GWG) in the intervention group (13.45±4.16 Kg) was lower than in the control group (18.20±4.84 Kg). Rate of excess GWG in the intervention group (37.59%) was also lower than in the control group (66.67%). The REE in women of the intervention group with excess GWG increased faster than women with appropriate GWG during pregnancy, especially from 1st trimester to 2nd trimester. Rate of macrosomia in the intervention group (3.12%) was lower than in the control group (19.05%). There was no fetal growth restriction observed in either group. Conclusion: Resting energy expenditure guided nutrition intervention during pregnancy may lower GWG and lower incidence of macrosomia, with no apparent impact on fetal growth restriction. Future studies with larger sample size and randomized controlled trial design are needed to confirm findings from this small-scale study.
Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern of Post-Operative Wound Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Western Nepal
Authors: Khatiwada Sulochana , Acharya Susma , Poudel Rajesh , Raut Shristi , Khanal Rita , Karna Subhash Lal , Poudel Anuj
Published: July 2020

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) is one of the most common postoperative complications and cause significant postoperative morbidity, mortality, prolong hospital stay and increase in hospital cost. The condition is serious in developing countries like Nepal owing to irrational prescriptions of antimicrobial agent. SSIs in those countries rates from 2.5% to 41.9%. This study was performed to find the common organisms causing surgical site infections and their antibiotics sensitivity pattern in a tertiary care hospital, western Nepal.Materials and methods: Pus or swab samples collected from suspected post- operative wound infections and submitted for culture and sensitivity in the Department of Microbiology were included in this study. Isolation and identification of the organisms was done as recommended by American society of microbiology (ASM). Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guideline.Results: Out of 152 pus and swab samples processed for culture, (64.5%) showed culture positivity. In total isolates (65.7%) were Gram negative bacteria and (34.3%) Gram positive bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (23.9%) was the predominant Gram positive isolate and Escherichia coli (18%) was the major Gram negative isolate. S. aureus showed (100%) sensitivity towards Linezolid and (94.4%) towards Vancomycin. Among commonly used antibiotics for Gram positive bacteria Penicillin (94.4%), Erythromycin (80.5%) were highly resistant. Sixty percent of Staphylococcus aureus isolated showed methicillin resistant (MRSA). Gram negative bacteria showed (100%) sensitivity towards the Colistin sulphate and Polymyxin B and were highly resistant towards Ampicillin (98.2%), Cefexime (87.3%), Ceftriaxone (87.3%) and other commonly used antibiotics. Overall multi-drug resistance was found in (89.5%) isolates. Among Gram negative bacterial isolates (23.1%) were MBL producer and (21.7%) were ESBL producer.Conclusion: Culture positivity in suspected case of SSIs was high (65.1%). Staphylococcus aureus was the common causative agent of SSIs. Bacteria showed more than 50% resistance towards commonly used antibiotics. So for the selection of appropriate antibiotic for better treatment of patients, culture and sensitivity should be done in every suspected case of SSIs.
Impact of community gardening on lifestyles' sustainability: quantitative & qualitative evaluation of a natural experiment
Authors: Tharrey Marion , Sachs Ashby , Perignon Marlène , Simon Chantal , Mejean Caroline , Litt Jill , Darmon Nicole
Published: July 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
The Association of Wolbachia on the Gene Expression in Drosophila Adult Testis
Authors: Dou Wei-Hao , Xiao Jin-Hua , Huang Da-Wei
Published: July 2020

Background: Wolbachia is a type of intracellular symbiotic bacteria widely distributed in arthropods including most insects and nematodes. These maternally inherited bacteria can regulate the host's reproductive system in various ways for their own vertical transmission. Since the identification of Wolbachia in many insects, the relationship between Wolbachia and host has attracted great interest. Wolbachia must rely on the host cells to survive, and they can also improve the fitness of the host through a variety of ways. However, the molecular basis of interaction between Wolbachia and their host has not been well resolved so far. Results: We performed transcriptome sequencing on testis tissues of adults of Wolbachia-infected and Wolbachia-free Drosophila melanogaster. Comparison of gene expression profiles revealed 471 significantly differentially expressed genes that involved in cell metabolism, cell membrane component correlation and hydrolysis process.Conclusions: Our results show that lipid and carbohydrate metabolism are more active in Wolbachia-infected testis than in Wolbachia free testis. This work strengthens our general understanding of the Wolbachia-host intracellular relationship and may provide a new perspective for Wolbachia-mediated virus-blocking.
WITHDRAWN: Mig-6 Promotes the Apoptosis and Inhibits of the Flux of Autophagy in HCC Cell Lines Through Modulating Mig-6/miR-193a-3p/TGF-β2 Axis
Authors: Li Zixuan , Tian Yulong , Hong Duo , Wang Fan , Zhong Hongshan
Published: July 2020

Background:Mitogen-inducible gene 6 (Mig-6) is a tumor suppressor gene that plays an important role in many types of cancers by interacting with EGFR. Thus far, little is known about the molecular mechanism of Mig-6 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Also, the relationship between Mig-6 and miRNAs needs to be elucidated. Therefore, this study first aimed to find whether Mig-6 could promote apoptosis and inhibition of the flux of autophagy by its downstream miRNA in HCC cell lines. Methods: Two cell lines, HepG2and HLE, were used in this study. Mig-6 overexpression and knockdown models , miR-193a mimics and inhibitors models,were established. MiRNA microarray profiling were used to verified Mig-6 regulated- miRNA. Real-time PCR, Western blot analysis were carried out to detect RNA and protein expression.Evaluation of fluorescent LC3 puncta and cell fow cytometer assay were used to test the autophagy and apoptosis respectively. Results: Mig-6 induced the apoptosis and reduced the autophagy of HCC cell lines. MiR-193a-3p is a Mig-6-regulated miRNA in Mig-6 overexpression model, and miR-193a-3p affected the apoptosis and autophagy of HCC cells by regulating the expression of TGF-β2. Additionally, the relationship between Mig-6 and transforming growth factor TGF-β2 was explored in depth for the first time.Conclusion:These findings revealed an important regulatory axis Mig-6/miR-193a-3p/TGF-β2 in the apoptosis and autophagy of HCC cells, providing a novel insight into the therapeutic target in HCC.
Impact of Educational Self-efficacy Enhancement Program on Quality of Life, Pain Management, Self-efficiency Behaviors, and Its Impact of Satisfaction Among Adult Diabetic Patients With Peripheral Neuropathy Pain
Authors: Abu-Shennar Jawad.A AHMAD , Bayraktar Nurhan Bayraktar
Published: July 2020

Aims: This study aims to investigate the impact of the educational self-efficacy enhancement program on quality of life, pain management, self-efficiency behaviors, and its impact satisfaction among adult diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy pain.Materials and methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted at the Jordanian Ministry of Health. during the period from October - March 2020 with 72 adult diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy pain, after the ethical approval. Study group participants have implemented an educational self-efficacy enhancement program.Demographic data from, Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale, Quality of Life Questionnaire(EQ-5D), Pain Intensity Scale, and Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire were used in data collection. Results: This study found that the self-efficacy enhancement program had a significantly positive impact on diabetic peripheral neuropathy pain patients’ QoL, pain levels, self-efficiency behaviors, and satisfaction. Conclusion:It is crucial to improve their self-efficacy behaviors and modification of lifestyle and behavioral changes such as appropriate diet, exercise, reduce weight and encouragement stop smoking, and regularly visit treating physicians.
COVID-19: The Changing Trend of Tele-consultations in a Private Tertiary Level Health Facility in Tanzania
Authors: Adebayo Philip B , Jusabani Ahmed Mussa , Mukhtar Murtaza , Zehri Ali Akbar
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The current COVID-19 pandemic has occasioned the increased adoption of telemedicine. This study reports the uptake and trend of a new teleconsultation service in a Tanzanian hospital.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study that profiled requests for teleconsultations and uptake of the service between April 1, 2020, and June 30, 2020.Results: Two hundred and eighteen telephone inquiries were received over the 3 months. One hundred and sixteen (53.2%) individuals followed through with the teleconsultations. Paediatric (38.8%) and Internal medicine (32.8%) were the subspecialties with the highest number of teleconsultations. In a frame of 3 months, teleconsultation uptake was highest in May and lowest in June.Conclusion: There was a steady rise and a rapid fall in requests and uptake of teleconsultation services over the period under evaluation. Lack of insurance coverage for teleconsultations was a significant barrier. We propose a re-education and reiteration of the benefits of telemedicine to all stakeholders. This is important for the current era and beyond.
Body Fat Distribution Measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis is Associated with Occurrence of Colorectal Adenoma: A Case Control Study
Authors: Liu Zhong-Hui , Zhang Gui-Xi , Zhang Hao , Jiang Li , Deng Yang , Liu Jian-Wen , Yang Xue-Fei , Chan Fion Siu-Yin , Fan Joe King-Man
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesSome studies have reported that visceral fat volume measured by computed tomography (CT) was a risk factor for colorectal adenoma (CRA). However, CT is not a good method for risk stratification in clinical use for its radiation. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive method for assessment of body composition. The aim of current study was to evaluate the association of body fat measured by BIA with occurrence of CRA.Patients and methods:A total of 410 participants who had underwent screening colonoscopy from Jul 2017 to Dec 2019 in our center were recruited, including 230 with adenoma and 180 without adenoma detected. Body fat of participants were measured by BIA, including body fat mass (BFM), body fat percent (BFP), and waist-to-hip fat ratio. Parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS) were also measured, including waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood level of triglyceride, cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein.ResultsAccording to univariate analysis, age, male proportion, BMI, waist circumference, body fat mass, waist-to-hip fat ratio, blood pressure, and FBG were higher in adenoma group than adenoma-free group, p < 0.05. On multivariate analysis (adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, family history of CRC, etc.), High waist-to-hip fat ratio measured by BIA was associated with occurrence of CRA (compared with normal waist-to-hip fat ratio, OR 1.84; 95% CI, 1.09–3.09; p = 0.02). High waist circumference, as a component of MetS, was also independently associated with CRA (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.17–3.08, p = 0.01).ConclusionBody fat distribution measured by BIA is associated with occurrence of CRA. Central obesity is a risk factor for CRA.Trial registration: This study was prospectively registered in Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (www.chictr.org.cn; registry number: ChiCTR-RRC-17010862).
Amyloid-β Protein and Neuroglobin Protein as Biomarkers on Brainstem Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats
Authors: Li Wenhe , Zhu Haijun , Liang Yue , Tong Fang , Zhou Yiwu
Published: July 2020

Background: Biomarkers play an important role in accurate diagnosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Due to the complexity and diversity of TBI, it is likely that a single biomarker will not be used for exactly diagnose. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein is generated by sequential cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β- and γ-secretase, which may exert its toxic effects by increasing reactive oxygen species and neuroinflammation in the brain as damage factor of TBI. Its use in diagnosis for TBI is becoming more widespread. Neuroglobin (NGB) protein is great potential to diminish neuronal damage. Most epidemiological evidence suggested that Aβ and NGB may be used as biomarkers on brainstem (BS) following TBI. The aim of this study was to investigate the trend of Aβ and NGB on BS of rats with TBI and to analyze comprehensively them as potential biomarkers. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to the modified weight-drop model of closed TBI. Biologic behavior observation, histopathological assessments and western blot assay were performed. Aβ and NGB expression indicated temporal changes in BS after TBI. Their accuracy and efficiency of performing these tasks were calculated and statistical comparisons performed.Results: The results of Aβ enable us to speculate that the time points of 3 h, 6 h and 12 h may be crucial points for the diagnosis of TBI. NGB expression in the injured had obvious difference versus the control, the points of 1 h and 3 h were apparently higher than the control, and the groups of 12 h and 48 h were two peaks in the present study. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence assay results supported that Aβ and NGB co-localization in the neuros of BS, and the NGB specific expression in the BS of neurons.Conclusions: Therefore, the expression and change rules of Aβ and NBG in the BS may provide an important foundation for the diagnosis of TBI, damage assessment and therapeutic intervention.
New COVID-19 coronavirus infection in the practice of a neonatologist and pediatrician
Authors: Zaplatnikov A. L. , Osmanov I. M. , Gorev V. V. , Dmitriev A. V. , Mironova A. K. , Dementyev A. A. , Chabaidze Zh. L. , Zhdakaeva E. D.
Published: July 2020

The article analyses the data published from January 2020 to April 25, 2020 in the print media or available on the official websites of peer-reviewed medical sources (pre print), international and national medical professional communities, and state regulatory authorities dedicated to the epidemiological and clinical laboratory features of the new coronavirus infection in newborns, infants and older children. The authors have concluded that currently there are no convincing data on vertical transmission of infection. At the same time, they have found that there is a risk of horizontal infection of a newborn child; therefore, there is the need for strict adherence to the recommended algorithms for monitoring children in the neonatal period born by the women with positive or presumably positive COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) status. The authors note that due to the limited quantity of observation cases, all existing recommendations are temporary and may be revised. The newborns from mothers with COVID-19 demonstrate the variability of clinical picture from asymptomatic course to severe respiratory failure. In the post-neonatal period children have asymptomatic or mild course of a new coronavirus infection. The authors note that some children with an asymptomatic course of the disease have pneumonia detectable during X-ray examination. Children with the manifest forms of COVID-19 do not have specific clinical symptoms; both children and adults have fever, cough and other catarrhal symptoms; tachypia, tachycardia and gastrointestinal symptoms are much less common. It has been found that children with COVID-19, unlike adults, are unlikely to develop severe pneumonia, as well as conditions requiring intensive care and mechanical ventilation. Changes in laboratory parameters in children also do not have a consistent pattern and they are less pronounced than in adults. The epidemiological data indicate that children are one of the main sources of the ongoing spread of infection in the human population. The authors present the first-ever data on the cases of 45 infants born from the mothers with positive COVID-19 status in Moscow.
The role of social factors in the development of chronic primary tuberculosis in early childhood
Authors: Gubkina M. F. , Yukhimenko N. V. , Petrakova I. Yu. , Khokhlova Yu. Yu. , Sterlikova S. S.
Published: July 2020

The objective of the article: to demonstrate the peculiarities of tuberculosis in young children and the high probability of the transition of primary tuberculosis in a child from a sociopathic family to a chronic process due to the absence of medical supervision after chemotherapy. The article describes a clinical case demonstrating the influence of dysfunctional social risk factors on the development of chronic primary tuberculosis in a child. The authors provide a detailed information of medical care to the child, including surgery.
Spontaneous obliteration of congenital arteriovenous malformation of the brain in childhood
Authors: Lagunavichene M. L. , Larionov S. N. , Alexandrov Yu. A. , Livadarov A. V. , Gruzin P. G. , Zhdanovich G. S.
Published: July 2020

Objective: to present a clinical case of spontaneous obliteration of congenital arteriovenous malformation of the brain in a 4-year-old child. Neurosonography revealed arteriovenous malformation in a 1-month-old girl; the diagnosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and multispiral computed tomography of the brain. The child did not receive surgical and drug treatment. Dynamic observation showed a decrease of malformation, and a control examination (age: 4 years) revealed a focus of gliosis, which indicated a complete spontaneous regression of arteriovenous malformation. The authors discuss diagnostic features, tactics of conservative and surgical treatment of children with arteriovenous malformation.
Diagnostics and observation tactics of newborns with arteriovenous malformation of Galena vein in a multidiscipline children hospital
Authors: Mironova A. K. , Sharykin A. S. , Vatolin K. V. , Pykov M. I. , Osmanov I. M.
Published: July 2020

The authors analyzed the results of diagnostics and treatment of arteriovenous malformations of the Galena vein in 6 newborns at the Bashlyaeva Children City Clinical Hospital in 2018–2019. They described the main methods of early and accurate topical diagnosis of the disease, clinical manifestations depending on the size and type of malformation, treatment options and their results in the near future and long-term perspective. The authors have concluded that a multidisciplinary approach involving a resuscitator, cardiologist, neurosurgeon and radiologist plays the most important role in preparing patient for surgery.
Treatment of emergency conditions (hypertensive crisis) in children with arterial hypertension
Authors: Leontyeva I. V. , Balykova L. A. , Kudashova A. V.
Published: July 2020

The article presents a modern classification of hypertensive crises in children. The authors describe detailed tactics of emergency care of hypertensive crises in children. They consider the treatment of hypertensive crises with beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, alpha blockers. The article contains a table of the main antihypertensive medications used to treat hypertensive crises.
Prospects of fermented milk products in children with primary hypolactasia of the adult type
Authors: Bogdanova N. M. , Khavkin A. I. , Kolobova O. L.
Published: July 2020

Lactose (β-galactosyl-1,4 glucose) is milk sugar, the main disaccharide of human and other mammalian breast milk. Lactase is intestinal disaccharidase that catalyzes the lactose hydrolysis. The lactase gene LCT controls biological function of the enzyme. The age-related genetically determined feature of disaccharide expression, epigenetic factors, and natural selection with persistent tolerance to milk sugar throughout lifetime has divided the human population according to the LCT gene into two phenotypes: lactase persistent and lactase non-persistent. There is conflicting evidence that the latter phenotype is associated with low calcium absorption and the development of osteoporosis. The regular use of fermented probiotic dairy products by individuals with the lactase non-persistence phenotype ensures the accumulation of peak bone mineralization and prevents osteoporosis.
Amoxicillin in the treatment of acute respiratory infections in children: a dialogue between a microbiologist and a clinical pharmacologist
Authors: Sidorenko S. V. , Dronov I. A.
Published: July 2020

The article presents a modern view of amoxicillin in the treatment of acute respiratory infections in children from point of view of a microbiologist and clinical pharmacologist. Modern microbiological methods have changed the idea of the microbiota of the respiratory tract, however, the etiology of acute bacterial infections of the respiratory tract has not undergone significant changes – Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are still the most common pathogens. Amoxicillin remains the drug of choice for most respiratory infections of bacterial etiology. Inhibitor-protected aminopenicillins (amoxicillin/clavulanate etc.) do not have advantages over amoxicillin in most cases of acute respiratory tract infections, but increase the risk of adverse events. Current data on macrolides, which are widely used in clinical practice, indicate the need to limit their use in acute infections of the respiratory tract due to the increase in resistance of S. pneumoniae and the absence of clinically significant activity against H. influenza. Current information on the resistance of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, as well as available data on the pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin, require a review of dosing approaches. The daily dose of amoxicillin in children with acute respiratory infections should not be less than 45–60 mg/kg, and in many cases (acute otitis media, infections caused by H. influenzae or penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae strains), more than 90 mg/kg/day is required. Amoxicillin has a wide therapeutic range, and therefore the use of high doses of the drug is not associated with a decrease in the safety of therapy.
Analysis of the interconnection of the GSTP1, CYP1A2, CYP1A1 genes in children with congenital heart diseases
Authors: Tsepokina A. V. , Ponasenko A. V. , Shabaldin A. V.
Published: July 2020

The article presents data on the study of gene interconnections between the xenobiotics detoxification genes in various phases.

Materials and methods.The study involves 131 children with congenital heart diseases (CHD) and 103 conditionally healthy children. The genotyping was performed by RT-PCR method using TaqMan probes. Intergenic bonds were analyzed via MDR v.3.0.2.

Results and conclusion.We discovered no statistically significant differences in the genotype distribution in children with CHD and conditionally healthy donors. The analysis of intergenic interactions helped to develop a five-locus model characterized by the highest reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity: GSTP1 rs1793068 – GSTP1 rs6591256 – GSTP1 rs1871042 – CYP1A1 rs1048943 – CYP1A2 rs762551. This model was used to determine a number of protective and risky combinations of congenital heart defects-associated genotypes in children.
Diagnostic value of reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent to confirm iron deficiency in full-term infants
Authors: Balashova E. A. , Mazur L. I. , Persteneva N. P.
Published: July 2020

Diagnostics of Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in outpatient pediatric practice is often based on decreased hemoglobin level. Latent iron deficiency diagnostic is not a part of current routine practice.

Objective. To study the diagnostic value of red blood cell indices and reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent in diagnostics of iron deficiency in full-term infants.

Children characteristics and research methods. A prospective cohort study of healthy full-term children aged from 6 to 12 months at the children hospitals of Samara and Tolyatti. The laboratory examination included a general blood test to determine the concentration of hemoglobin, the number of red blood cells, red blood cell indices, and reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He); to determine serum ferritin and C-reactive protein. The AUC (area under the curve) was used to determine the diagnostic value of quantitative indicators. The children with anemia without iron deficiency and children who received iron supplements within 1 month prior to laboratory examination were excluded from the analysis.

Results. The study involved 207 children. When diagnosing iron deficiency in children, the highest AUC was found in Ret-He: 0.747 [0.679; 0.816] in 6-months-old children and 0.790 [0.708; 0.871] in 1-year-old children. The Ret-He diagnostic value was higher in children with iron deficiency: AUC 0.826 [0.754; 0.898] in 6- months-old children and 0.865 [0.809; 0.920] in 1-year-old children.

Conclusion. Ret-He is a better predictor of iron deficiency in children under 1 year as compared to the red blood cell indices. The diagnostic value of red blood cell indices and Ret-He is higher in case of iron deficiency anemia than in case of iron deficiency conditions.
Anaphylaxis in children: problems and solutions
Authors: Pampura A. N. , Esakova N. V.
Published: July 2020

Since the term “anaphylaxis” has been invented, there are multiple changes in the views on both pathophysiology and the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this disease. There have been currently adopted a number of international documents containing principles of anaphylaxis verification and treatment. However, the experts’ views differ, and some disagreements and problems of anaphylactic reactions remain relevant, especially in pediatric patients. The article discusses current issues and possible ways of treatment of anaphylaxis in children.
Causes, frequency and avoidance of diagnostic errors in newborns and children of the first year of life
Authors: Kirilochev O. K.
Published: July 2020

The article presents research methods to detect the frequency of diagnostic errors.

Objective: to compare clinical and pathological diagnoses in order to determine the frequency, causes and ways of avoiding diagnostic errors in children with infectious pathology specific to the perinatal period. The authors studied 234 death cases in the intensive care unit for newborns in 2006–2018, and they found diagnostic errors in 18,3% of cases. 53,4% of the diagnostic errors were associated with unrecognized infectious diseases specific to the perinatal period. The authors found that the correct intravital diagnosis was impossible for objective reasons in 65% of cases. Those objective reasons were mainly caused by diagnostic difficulties due to the lack of characteristic clinical data or the atypical course. Almost in every third patient the diagnostic errors were caused by subjective reasons and were associated with the diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus infection and neonatal sepsis. The subjective errors were often caused by the so-called doctor’s bona fide delusion due to a lack of knowledge, skills, experience. As the judgment error was the most common reason for misdiagnosis we need to improve the clinicians’ cognitive condition. Based on the audit results, the authors proposed the additional diagnostic approaches for certain diseases. One way to reduce errors is to improve educational initiatives for doctors.