bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macular Imaging
Authors: Ndubuisi Okonkwo Ogugua , Thelma Agweye Chineze , Akanbi Toyin , Ashibel Utam Utam
Published: May 2024

Since its inception, retinal imaging has been vital in documenting and understanding macular diseases. The early thinking was to document retinal pathology as it became possible to visualize the retina using an ophthalmoscope. This reasoning quickly evolved into the need to monitor disease evolution and treatment changes using digital images. With further rapid advancement in imaging technology, it has become possible to visualize and image at a subcellular level, the macula, in health and disease. Technological advances have resulted in the scanning laser ophthalmoscope, optical coherence tomography, and adaptive optics incorporation into imaging. The “dye” and “non-dye” based evaluation of retinal vasculature has improved our understanding of various macula and retinovascular diseases. The fundus photograph and optical coherence tomography are the most utilized technologies for imaging the macula. With an expected increase in diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration patients, more macular imaging will be done in years to come. Consequently, more macula image data will be available for data analysis using artificial intelligence, improving our predictive ability and personalization. Therefore, macular imaging will assume increasing significance and imaging techniques for the macula should be known and understood. This chapter provides an exhaustive list of common and less-known imaging techniques for macular imaging and an overview of their use in evaluating the macula in clinical practice and research.
An Approach to Assist Learners to Build Their Own Curriculum in Personal Learning Environment Context, Based on the AI Concepts
Authors: Guettat Belhassen , Farhat Ramzi , Karoui Syrine
Published: May 2024

With the emergence of information technologies and the proliferation and diversification of learning tools, educational institutions have diversified their approaches and resources in order to improve learners’ performance and education quality. Thus, they have invested in the learning environments which offer learners’ personalization learning possibilities. But this option depends generally on institutional constraints. Considering this limit, personal learning environments (PLEs) have come to allow learners to individually develop their learning environment by selecting the right curriculum, resources, and appropriate activities. This concept is in vogue, especially in the lifelong learning context. Mostly, the setting up of such an environment is not based on educational concepts (choice of objectives, selection of appropriate programs and activities). As a result, we are faced with undesirable situations: learning is not aligned with learner prerequisites; training layout does not align with the content and learner expectations. The question arises: how can learners define their learning objectives, set up their own activities, and follow their training? In this context, we propose an approach to assist learners to build their own curriculum, which is supported by an assisted PLE developed on the basis of artificial intelligence (AI) concepts and using a dynamic questionnaire.
Recent Updates on Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Sahlolbei Maryam , Ahmadieh-Yazdi Amirhossein , Rostamipoor Mohadeseh , Manoochehri Hamed , Mahaki Hanie , Tanzadehpanah Hamid , Kalhor Naser , Sheykhhasan Mohsen
Published: May 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a revolutionary development in the field of cancer immunotherapy, offering a targeted approach to combat various hematologic malignancies. In this treatment, the patient’s genetically modified T cells are extracted and transformed to produce chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that are exclusive to cancer cells. These altered T cells identify, attach to, and destroy cancer cells when they are reinfused back into the patient, offering a customized course of therapy. While the CAR T-cell therapy’s clinical success has been most evident in cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and certain types of lymphomas, ongoing research aims to extend its applicability to solid tumors. Despite its promise, challenges like cytokine release syndrome and the high cost of treatment remain. Nonetheless, CAR T-cell therapy heralds a new era in cancer treatment, offering a potentially curative approach for patients with otherwise refractory diseases.
Data Sensor Fusion for Surveillance Applications: Evaluation of Extended Kalman Filter vs. Unscented Kalman Filter
Authors: M. Sogamoso Oscar , A. Fernández Eduardo , J. Suarez Marco
Published: May 2024

This chapter introduces the foundations of the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) for data sensor fusion applications in surveillance applications. After explaining how to model the drone under the constant turn rate and velocity (CTRV) dynamics, the EKF and UKF techniques for Lidar and Radar data sensor fusion are applied to enable better 3D object detection and reconstruction from point cloud data is evaluated under a performance comparison. Through root mean square error (RMSE) and mean square error (MSE) the filters are designed to meet the specifications of the model based on the position of the gathered points (X and Y axis) in the space state model. By degrading the measurements with Gaussian and Rayleigh noise, the results evaluate and compare both techniques to show the tolerance and performance in terms of stability, scalability, and application to drone monitoring in surveillance activities.
Knowledge Management and Knowledge Leadership in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Resolving the Automation-Augmentation Paradox
Authors: El-Farr Hadi , Sevag Kertechian Kevin
Published: May 2024

As acknowledged by scholars and practitioners, the rise of artificial intelligence and cyber-physical systems has led to a shift from the third to the fourth industrial revolution. Knowledge management as a discipline evolved in the late twentieth century, reflecting the increasing importance of knowledge as a resource in the knowledge-economy era. This chapter explores how organizations manage their knowledge in the fourth industrial revolution, which arguably should differ from how they did in the 1990s. The paper will begin by identifying the major characteristics of the four industrial revolutions. It will then delve into organizations’ strategies for managing knowledge during the third industrial revolution. Subsequently, alternative knowledge management strategies will be highlighted to address the changes brought about by the fourth industrial revolution. We claim that organizations might decide to prioritize augmentation or automation, or we propose an organic relationship between both, calling for another approach to managing knowledge: DeParadoxication. By reviewing relevant literature, this chapter proposes a theoretical framework for knowledge management in the twenty-first century.
Quantum computing for simulation of fluid dynamics
Authors: Sanavio Claudio , Succi Sauro
Published: May 2024

The implementation of quantum algorithms for the simulation of classical fluid dynamics poses a fundamental challenge due to the nonlinearity of the fluid equations. In this work, we provide a pedagogical introduction to quantum computing algorithms for simulating classical fluids, with a special focus on the Carleman-Lattice Boltzmann algorithm, which has captured significant attention in the last couple of years. While this algorithm demonstrates satisfactory convergence to analytical solutions for systems at low-to-moderate Reynolds numbers, it also shows an exponential depth of the corresponding quantum circuit. As a result much further analysis is needed to assess the availability of the Carleman-Lattice Boltzmann method on a quantum computer.
Recent Development and Application of Phage-Mediated Biocontrol Strategies and Detection against Salmonella
Authors: Liu Rui , Huang Chenxi
Published: May 2024

Salmonella has emerged as one of the most important indicators of contamination with foodborne pathogens. Thus, it is necessary to develop sensitive and stable methods for rapid detection and control of Salmonella to ensure food safety. Typically, bacteriophages, shortened to phages, can not only specifically recognize host bacteria but also lyse the pathogens to produce many progeny phages. When phages were applied to detect Salmonella, they could not only recognize live bacteria but also achieve signal amplification to improve detection sensitivity further. Meanwhile, phages can also be applied as antibacterial agents against Salmonella in raw materials in agriculture, processing environments, and extend shelf-time for food products. In this chapter, we reviewed the up-to-date research development to use phages as recognition elements and antibacterial agents for rapid detection and biocontrol of Salmonella in foodstuff and agriculture-related matrices, dissected the unavoidable challenges, and debated the upcoming prospects.
Perspective Chapter: Application of Abnormally Fertilized Eggs and the Associated Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Wu Bin , Feng Xue , Lu Suzhen , J. Gelety Timothy
Published: May 2024

Human IVF laboratory often shows many abnormal fertilization eggs, such as no pronucleus (0PN), monopronucleus (1PN), three pronuclei (3PN) or multi-pronuclei (mPN) zygotes and these abnormal eggs are usually not used and typically discarded. Recent researches have showed that further evaluation on these abnormal eggs may provide some hope for aged infertile couples to have babies in their family. Our study showed that 0PN eggs may be rescued by introcytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The 1PN zygotes should be cultured to observe their cleavage and blastocyst formation until Day 3 to Day 6. Selecting normal chromosomal embryo transfer may have healthy baby birth. Although most of 3PN embryos are genetically abnormal chromosomal composition, a small portion of 3PN embryos may develop to blastocyst with normal chromosomal composition. Also, those embryos derived from 3PN, especially by ICSI, have more possibility for self-correction to become normal euploid embryos. The microsurgically removing 1PN from 3PN zygotes may artificially correct this abnormal fertilization. After one PN removal, the formed blastocyst may be screened by the PGT for embryo transfer in rare embryo patients to achieve pregnancy and delivery of a healthy newborn. Based on no obvious difference of ooplasm between normal fertilized 2PN and 3PN zygotes, the cytoplasm of 3PN zygotes may be used to supplement the aged woman poor oocytes to improve embryo quality. Transferring partial cytoplasm from 3PN zygote to the fertilized 2PN zygotes of aged woman may promote the receipt embryo to develop blastocysts. This partial ooplasmic transfer does not change the aging woman genetic composition and the woman embryos still keep her with her husband genetic genes in the cell nucleus. However, the baby born with this technique might appear epigenetics because the mixed mitochondrial DNA would be passed on to all future generations.
Corporate Social Responsibility in Morocco: Global Perspectives and Local Application
Authors: Batti Tarik , El Madi Lahsen
Published: May 2024

This present paper provides an in-depth analysis of CSR practices in Morocco, focusing on the Office Cherifien of Phosphates (OCP) as a case study. The study explores the historical evolution of CSR at the international level, as well as its adaptation to Moroccan socio-economic specificities. It highlights Moroccan companies’ commitment to CSR, notably through the CGEM’s CSR label. Emphasis is placed on OCP’s ambitious initiatives in green energy, sustainable water management, and research, underscoring its position as a responsible leader. Additionally, the drivers and barriers to CSR integration in Morocco are presented. Overall, the article demonstrates how Moroccan companies can integrate CSR principles into their operations, surpassing mere compliance to contribute to societal and environmental development.
Determination of Signal Molecules, Proteins, and Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Compounds in Wheat Varieties Infected by Leaf Rust Disease
Authors: Sarsenbayev Kanat
Published: May 2024

The disease resistance of wheat cultivars varies due to the plants’ defense systems, which include signaling molecules such as ferulic (coniferelic) acid, salicylic, arachidonic, and jasmonic acids. Therefore, the determination of quantitative and qualitative composition of signal molecules, low-molecular organic compounds, and proteins in wheat varieties with different leaf rust disease resistance levels is crucial. In this study, proteins and signal molecules in wheat leaf samples inoculated with fungal pathogen were isolated and identified using LCMS and HPLC chromatography. In addition, changes in the concentration of several organic compounds in infected plants were analyzed. The validity of obtained data on the absence of other components of metabolic cycles after chromatographic separation was discussed.
Inferring Food Preferences and Dietary Structures of the Americans with Transfer Learning
Authors: Chen Yihan , Jiang Lin , Tan Zhen
Published: May 2024

Health problems have always received significant attention. According to previous research, different food types are highly related to multiple chronic diseases. However, few studies have been conducted to comprehensively assess the future development of people’s health in terms of food structure or food preferences. This paper uses transfer learning-based image recognition method to analyze the food preferences of the United States people for 101 kinds of food based on online rating information. According to the analysis results, the overall food preferences of the Americans tend to be healthy, although foods with high sugar content are still one of the top-rated categories among the public. In addition, compared to domestic foods, foreign foods are widely popular among American residents. Our study can be useful for the research perspective that food preference reflects people’s tendency of future food structure and, based on which, predicts their future health.
Integrating MLSecOps in the Biotechnology Industry 5.0
Authors: Pervez Naseela , J. Titus Alexander
Published: May 2024

Biotechnology Industry 5.0 is advancing with the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as Machine Learning (ML), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing. It is no surprise that an industry that utilizes data from customers and can alter their lives is a target of a variety of attacks. This chapter provides a perspective on how Machine Learning Security Operations (MLSecOps) can help secure the biotechnology Industry 5.0. The chapter provides an analysis of the threats in the biotechnology Industry 5.0 and how ML algorithms can help secure with industry best practices. This chapter explores the scope of MLSecOps in the biotechnology Industry 5.0, highlighting how crucial it is to comply with current regulatory frameworks. With biotechnology Industry 5.0 developing innovative solutions in healthcare, supply chain management, biomanufacturing, pharmaceutical sectors, and more, the chapter also discusses the MLSecOps best practices that industry and enterprises should follow while also considering ethical responsibilities. Overall, the chapter provides a discussion of how to integrate MLSecOps into the design, deployment, and regulation of the processes in the biotechnology Industry 5.0.
Assessment of Gastrointestinal Manifestations and Predictive Factors Associated with Their Occurrence in Kawasaki Disease Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hosseini Amirhossein , Shiari Reza , Bagherfar Hoora , Rahmani Khosro , Mofidi Seyed Ali , Javadi Vadood , Sabooree Arsalan , Imanzadeh Farid , Mollaei Maryam , Hajipour Mahmoud
Published: May 2024

Background: Kawasaki disease is an idiopathic febrile systemic vasculitis, recognized as the leading cause of acquired heart disease in pediatric patients. Gastrointestinal manifestations can lead to delayed treatment, underscoring the importance of identifying and predicting factors associated with these manifestations to enable timely intervention. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to identify the aforementioned factors. Methods: This retrospective study collected demographic information, medical history, physical examination findings, and laboratory results of 359 children suspected of having Kawasaki disease and referred to Mofid Children’s Hospital between 2013 and 2022. The study assessed the frequency of gastrointestinal manifestations and their association with physical examination findings and laboratory data. Results: A total of 359 patients were included in the study, comprising 153 males and 206 females. The mean age of participants was 2.8 ± 2.6 years. Abdominal pain was the most common clinical manifestation, reported in 39% of patients. Elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were observed in 38.1% of patients, while 30.2% showed elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and 10.5% exhibited direct hyperbilirubinemia. Patients with elevated ALT and AST levels had a higher incidence of abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, and anorexia. Moreover, patients with positive findings of red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) in their stool examination had a higher incidence of fever and abdominal pain. Conclusions: Based on our statistical analysis, elevated AST and ALT levels, hyperbilirubinemia, and positive stool findings of RBC and WBC appear to be predictive factors for gastrointestinal manifestations in Kawasaki disease.
Barriers To Learning English Banyuwangi Marine Academy Students
Authors: Doni Hadi Irawan  , Muhamad alfi khoiruman
Published: May 2024

English is one of obligatory subjects given in Junior High School and Senior High School. At university level, English is also given as the main goal of this class is to prepare the grads to face global competition. The research aimed to describe English learning problems reported by the learners as non – English Department students. This study applied qualitative research method and use observation and data recording, as the instruments. The data were analyzed through three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results of the study show that students experience a range of English learning problems. It happened due to different proficiency level of the students.
Pendidikan (Peningkatan Kompetensi) Guru
Authors: Eka Mayasari  , Syarif Muhammad
Published: May 2024

The teacher's competencies are as follows: 1) Paedagogic Competence, is the teacher's understanding of students, designing and implementing learning, evaluating learning outcomes and developing students to actualize their various potentials. 2) Personal competence, is a personal ability that reflects a solid, stable, mature, wise and authoritative personality and becomes a role model for students and has noble character. 3) Social Competence, is the teacher's ability to communicate and interact effectively with students, fellow educators, educational staff, parents/guardians of students and the surrounding community. 4) Professional Competence, competency in mastering learning material broadly and in depth which includes mastery of curriculum subject matter in schools and the scientific substance that overshadows the material. Competency development efforts are the ability of a teacher to carry out obligations in a responsible and appropriate manner to achieve effective and efficient learning outcomes. Efforts to develop teacher competence are as follows: 1) certification program, 2) increasing teacher competency and professionalism, 3) participating in teacher upgrading, 4) attending teacher deliberations in subject areas, 5) attending courses, and 6) increasing knowledge through mass media or the media electronic.
A gamifikáció megjelenése különböző HR-funkciókban
Authors: Czeily Tibor , Dajnoki Krisztina
Published: May 2024

A szervezetek az elmúlt években komoly kihívásokkal találták szembe magukat, melyekre kreatív, innovatív HR-eszközökkel voltak kénytelenek válaszolni annak érdekében, hogy képesek legyenek megtalálni, megszerezni, valamint megtartani a tehetséges munkavállalókat. Az egyik ilyen újszerű eszköz a HRszakemberek kezében a gamifikáció, melyet számos szervezet sikerrel alkalmazott. A tanulmány célja nemzetközi szakirodalmak alapján feltárni és átfogó képet adni arról, hogy milyen HR-funkciókban jelenik meg a játékosítás, illetve az adott területen milyen eredményeket értek el a szakemberek annak bevezetésével. Szisztematikus irodalomkutatás segítségével, a PRISMA-protokoll alkalmazásával a gamifikáció HR-funkciókban való megjelenését vizsgáljuk, valamint jó gyakorlatokat mutatunk be. A mintába 2023 után megjelent nemzetközi publikációkat vontunk be a ScienceDirect adatbázisára alapozva. Az eredmények alapján a gamifikáció leggyakoribb alkalmazása a képzés-fejlesztés területén valósult meg, ugyanakkor megjelenik a teljesítmény- és a karriermenedzsment HR-funkcióknál is. Az alkalmazott gamifikációs eszközök a komoly játékok, a VR, a digitális platformok/applikációk és a szabadulószoba. A szakirodalom alapján megállapítható, hogy a gamifikált képzésben résztvevő munkavállalók elkötelezettebbek, motiváltabbak, ugyanakkor nem minden esetben mutatható ki egyértelműen, hogy a jobb teljesítmény a játékosítás hatására következett be.
INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY ASSURANCE: A SOCIO-ECONOMIC VIEW
Authors:   Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Pak Y. , Nurguzhina G. ,   G. Daukeyev Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications, Pak D. ,   Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Tebayeva A. ,   Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University
Published: May 2024

Institutional aspects of higher education quality assurance have been considered. The controversial aspects of the integration of the Kazakh higher education system into a single educational space have been studied. The factors hindering the innovative development of higher education have been analyzed. The features of the National Education Quality Assessment System, including procedures for input, intermediate and output control, have been considered. The expanding mass character of higher education and its accessibility exacerbate the problem of quality assurance as the most important competitive advantage of a university. Recommendations have been given for developing the culture of quality education, improving the National Qualifications System, increasing the effectiveness of the universityemployer social partnership in the development of practice-oriented programs in the format of a competency-based approach. The need to increase budget funding for higher education and to improve the social status of university teachers has been emphasized, which will have a positive impact on the growth of economic indicators.
Coronary Artery Disease in Patient with An Anomalous Origin of Right Coronary Artery
Authors: D. Nugraheni Winda , Meuthia Feranti
Published: May 2024

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developed countries. CAD is a pathological process characterized by the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques in the epicardial arteries, both obstructive and non-obstructive. This study aims to investigate rare cases of anomalous right coronary artery arising from the left main coronary artery and its clinical implications for coronary artery disease (CAD). The research methodology involved clinical examinations, echocardiography, diagnostic coronary angiography, and computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to obtain a comprehensive understanding of this case. The research findings indicate severe stenosis in the proximal-mid left main coronary artery (LAD) and an anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (RCA) leading to lower-level stenosis. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on the proximal-mid LAD lesion resulted in significant improvement in the patient's condition. The implications of this research underscore the importance of a deep understanding of coronary artery anatomical variations for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of CAD patients, especially in rare cases like this.
In Brief: Casgevy for Beta Thalassemia
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: May 2024

Exagamglogene autotemcel (Casgevy – Vertex), a cell-based gene therapy recently approved for treatment of sickle cell disease1, has now been approved by the FDA for treatment of patients ≥12 years old with transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia.
Applications of nanotechnology in allergy and asthma
Authors: Pervaiz Saima , Masood Cheema Sara , Shaheen Tahir , Tahir Romeeza , Haider Zeeshan , Shamim Saba
Published: May 2024

The increasing incidence of allergic diseases requires effective curative strategies for their alleviation. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is a causal treatment technique instead of a symptomatic treatment technique for allergies. At present, AIT is being offered utilizing immunization response modifiers (IRMs) or adjuvants. The adjuvant helps in vigorous inaugral as well as long-term IR (immune response), thus enhancing the efficacy of AIT. The successful development of novel additives requires complete knowledge regarding the underdevelopment of novel and conservative additives. Hence, this review describes the applications of nanotechnology in allergic disorders, namely, allergies and asthma. The development of vaccines based on nanoparticles (NPs) is an important strategy for AIT because of their innate physicochemical characteristics, production ease and capacity to incite inherent immunity.
Pemanfaatan Potensi Desa Musirlor Melalui Produk UMKM dalam Menyongsong Wisata Bendungan Semantok
Authors: Hendra Setiawan  , Nurman Ramadhan  , Khoirotus Silfiyah
Published: May 2024

This research will add MSME products located in Musirlor Village, Rejoso District, Nganjuk Regency. We use the method of Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) which means an approach by utilizing the potential of assets in it that intersect with the potential of Tourism. A methodology used to uncover power in society through dialogue with citizens to determine the type of skill. From the results of research through these methods, most of the population in the village Musirlor 50% work as farmers and gardening. Unfortunately, the population here lacks the Giants and skills to produce processed products from agricultural products. Analyzing from these conditions, we innovate to make processed corn named “Japri (Crispy Corn)” and companion products for MSMEs, namely Citronella Oil and (Papi) Crispy papaya. With the Semantok Dam located in the next village, namely Sambikerep village, it will certainly be an area that will be crowded with visitors from out of town, even abroad so that it becomes an opportunity for the surrounding community, especially Musirlor Village which is only 3.5 kilometers from the dam.
Arteritis células gigantes: Más allá de lo típico
Authors: Ramírez Paulina , Zoroquiain Pablo , Valenzuela Antonia , Burgos Paula I.
Published: May 2024

Introducción: Arteritis de Células Gigantes (ACG), es la vasculitis primaria más frecuente del adulto y puede manifestarse por cefalea, claudicación mandibular, síntomas visuales, entre otros. Caso clínico: Hombre 81 años de edad, con 2 semanas de debilidad muscular en cintura escapular y pelviana, agregándose posteriormente claudicación mandibular. Exámenes destaca VHS 107 mm/h. Se sospecha ACG por lo que se realiza biopsia arte­ria temporal observándose una angeítis de la rama de la arteria temporal con necrosis fibrinoide y leucocitoclasis. Estudio com­plementario destaca pANCA + > 1/80, MPO (+). El diagnóstico clínico-patológico fue vasculitis ANCA+. Se inicia azatioprina y ajuste corticoterapia, con favorable respuesta. Conclusión: Vas­culitis ANCA+ deben estar dentro del diagnóstico diferencial de pacientes que se presentan con clínica de ACG.
A practical, step-by-step, guide to taxonomic comparisons using Procrustes geometric morphometrics and user-friendly software (part B): group comparisons
Authors: Cardini Andrea
Published: May 2024

In this second part of the study, using a ‘clean’ dataset without very low precision landmarks and outliers, I describe how to compare mandibular size and shape using Procrustes methods in adult North American marmots. After demonstrating that sex differences are negligible, females and males are pooled together with specimens of unknown sex and species are compared using a battery of tests, that estimate both statistical significance and effect size. The importance of allometric variation and its potential effect on shape differences is also explored. Finally, to provide potential clues on founder effects, I compare the magnitude of variance in mandibular size and shape between the Vancouver Island marmot (VAN) and the hoary marmot, its sister species on the mainland. In almost all main analyses, I explore the sensitivity of results to heterogeneous sample size and small samples using subsamples and randomized selection experiments. For both size and shape, I find a degree of overlap among species variation but, with very few exceptions, mean interspecific differences are well supported in all analyses. Shape, in particular, is an accurate predictor of taxonomic affiliation. Allometry in adults, however, explains a modest amount of within-species shape change. Yet, there is a degree of divergence in allometric trajectories that seems consistent with subgeneric separation. VAN is the most distinctive species for mandibular shape and mandibular morphology suggests a long history of reduced variation in this insular population. Geometric morphometrics (GMM) is a powerful tool to aid taxonomic research. Regardless of the effectiveness of this family of methods and the apparent robustness of results obtained with GMM, however, large samples and careful measurements remain essential for accuracy. Even with excellent data, morphometrics is important, but its findings must be corroborated with an integrative approach that combines multiple lines of evidence to taxonomic assessment. The analytical protocol I suggest is described in detail, with a summary checklist, in the Appendix, not to miss important steps. All the analyses can be replicated using the entire dataset, which is freely available online. Beginners may follow all the steps, whereas more experienced researchers can focus on one specific aspect and read only the relevant chapter. There are limitations, but the protocol is flexible and easy to improve or implement using a programming language such as R.
SUPERVISED LEARNING MODELS FOR THE PREDICTION OF MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Authors: A Arivarasi , S Gayathri , J Sathya Sree
Published: May 2024

Machine learning (ML) techniques play a major role in engineering world. In this sequence the manufacturing industries also utilize the ML techniques for the various applications. Among them material properties prediction or forecasting is a noticeable process of manufactures using ML techniques. The ML techniques are broadly categorized into three types such as supervised; semi supervised and unsupervised learning techniques. The learning approach can be preferred based on the problem to solve using ML technique. In this chapter, the supervised learning for the prediction of material properties is presented. Initially the properties of materials and the necessity of ML technique for the prediction of material properties is described. Then four different supervised learning such as Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayesian (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are described for the prediction of material properties. Finally, the performance of these four techniques is evaluated based on accuracy. The performance analysis shows that the ANN with accuracy of 98% provides better than other techniques
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Kakati Jonalee Barman
Published: May 2024

India is an agricultural country. Agriculture is the primary occupation of more than half of the population in the country. From the time agriculture was started as a means for survival of human being, it has transformed in various ways over the time and the pace has rapidly increased in the last one decade due to globalization and technological advancement. The population of the world is increasing and there is long way to go to make this planet hunger free. Population growth, climatic changes and the reducing resources have put agriculture under tremendous pressure. Artificial intelligence has found its implementation in various sectors like healthcare, finance, manufacturing, marketing and others to overcome the traditional challenges and boost productivity. To ensure food security to the growing population, more efficient farming practices should be adopted using the recent technological advancements in the field of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence has the potential to drive an agricultural revolution to produce more food using fewer resources. This paper deals with how artificial intelligence has been adopted in agriculture to solve the challenges faced by farmers. Computer vision has found its applications in almost all fields and agriculture is one of them. The use of the advanced technologies in the ago industries is essential. In this paper the challenges faced in traditional method of farming and how smart farming can be helpful for the growth and sustainability of agriculture has been discussed
A SURVEY ON SMART CITY APPLICATIONS USING AI
Authors: A P Dr. Jyothi , Raj Athish Jayanth , Shivakumar Vinyas , Ali Faisal , Badiger Vinayak N.
Published: May 2024

The world’s population residing in cities is expected to rise to 80% by 2050, from 55% in 2022(World Economic Forum). According to (United Nations World Population Prospects 2022) world’s population is projected to reach 8 billion on 15 November 2022 and latest projections suggest that the population could grow to 8.5 billion by 2030, 9.5 billion in 2050 and 10.4 billion in 2100. Cities are going to be overcrowded, to tackle this problem and make them more comfortable and to adjust the projected population in the city and giving them a better lifestyle requires proper planning for infrastructure and its implementation. Modern problems like traffic congestion, sewage problems, noise pollution and many more. To overcome these modern problems, we can use modern technologies such as enabling Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine learning (ML) and Internet of Things (IOT) to bring smart solutions. Smart cities are the solution to all these problems. Smart transportation, education, healthcare, and energy sectors in the smart cities have more significant influence
MUSIC GENRE CLASSIFICATION
Authors: G.K Anantha Krishna , Bhyratae Suhas A , Bangera Advithiya A , Maruthi Mr , Majalikar Deepraj
Published: May 2024

With the growth of online music databases and easy access to music content, people find it increasing hard to manage the songs that they listen to. Music genre classification is a vital activity that involves categorizing music genres from audio data. In the field of music information retrieval, music genre classification is frequently utilized. The proposed framework deals with three main steps: data pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is the method used to tackle music genre classification. The proposed system uses feature values of spectrograms generated from slices of songs as the input into a CNN to classify the songs into their music genres. A recommendation system is also implemented after the classification process. The recommendation system aims to recommend songs on each user‟s preferences and interests. Extensive experiments carried out on the GTZAN dataset show the effectiveness of the proposed system with respect to other methods
YOGA IN MODERN WORLD
Authors: Devi Dr. Athokpam Mirabai
Published: May 2024

The term „Yoga ‟ is derived from the Sanskrit word „Yuj‟ meaning control or unite. Originally yoga was practice for spiritual upliftment but however, practice of yoga is found to have several changes in the normal body physiology. These yogic techniques which aim at physical and mental self culture, have been shown to have convincing scientific basis and to produce consistent physiological changes. . It is reported that the practice of yoga stabilizes the autonomic nervous system with a tilt towards parasympathetic nervous system resulting in decrease heart rate and blood pressure. Yoga is especially helpful in the management of stress related disorders including diabetes mellitus, obesity, bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, psychiatric disorders, post traumatic stress disorders, etc. Fusion of ancient healing practice of yoga and modern medical science can improve quality of life and life expectancy by promoting positive health and mind. Yoga practice has several application in rehabilitation. With the advent of Ayush ministry in India, yoga has found a new place in the health related sectors as well as in the economy. Nowadays there is a great career scope of yoga not only in India but also in abroad due to increase adoptation of yoga on the global plateform. Modern lifestyle induced stress and competitive world has resulted in increasing popularity of health consciousness and a sharp increase in the acceptance of yoga around the world
LIPID PARAMETERS IN POST RENAL TRANSPLANTS
Authors: Devi Dr. Oinam Prabita , Devi Dr. Wahengbam Diana
Published: May 2024

Organ transplantation is a new field of medicine and has progressed significantly in the recent years. The treatment preferred for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is mostly renal transplantation (RT). Despite the improvement after RT, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still the main cause of death. Following transplantation, dyslipidemia can develop de novo, and also as a complication of CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease). The correlation between cardiovascular mortality and high lipid levels is well established among the general population. Treatment of dyslipidemia is considered as an important measure to improve survival after transplantation
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND HUMANMICROBE SYMBIOSIS ANALYZING THROUGH ONE HEALTH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Goswami Srijan , Dey Chiranjeeb , Bakshi Ushmita Gupta
Published: May 2024

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is one of the major concerns for global health development and safety. The emergence and spread of drug-resistant pathogens (Superbugs) that have acquired new resistance mechanisms, leading to antimicrobial resistance, continues to threaten our abilities to treat common and advanced (life threatening) infections. Globalization has led to unprecedented increases in the movements of people, animals, and food commodities which provide opportunities for global spread of resistant organisms. Combatting the rising threat of AMR therefore requires global concerted actions and commitment of everyone. The present paper points out some of the conceptual mismatches, and one-sided approaches that gave birth and nurtured the crisis called “Antimicrobial Resistance. Also attempts to answer fundamental questions as, where did we go wrong? And how did we end up creating a global crisis instead of minimizing it?”
ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ACROSS VARIOUS MEDIA PLATFORMS: A QUANTITATIVE INVESTIGATION OF MEDIA
Authors: Gajapathy Dr. V.
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is any human-like intelligence illustrated by a computer, robot, or other machine. This study examines the relevance of AI's role in various social media platforms. AI has the capability of helping transform how businesses market on social media sites such as Instagram as well as Twitter. It has the ability to automate numerous time-consuming social media management chores and even do largescale social media monitoring. AI allows social media advertisers in order to be connected to their intended audience as well as discover more about their inclinations. This enables businesses to more precisely target their adverts and create content. Social media platforms are actively helping businesses acquire new clients and maintain ties with existing ones. By posting their thoughts, photographs, or videos on these sites, users, both companies as well as individuals, are continually contributing an unimaginable massive quantity of data that is growing rapidly with each passing year. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a new concept that is rapidly gaining traction in the realm of suggestions and ads. It is extensively utilized and incredibly efficient at having an impression on social media, allowing businesses to discover, interact, and learn from their followers more effectively. Now, managing these massive platforms is not a simple process. Sample of 341 people from different media platforms to know the role and compare the significance of artificial intelligence across various media platforms. It is found that there is a significant difference between traditional media, Core digital media and Mixed media for role of artificial intelligence
ANALYSIS OF ROA AND ROE IN SELECT INDIAN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY
Authors: Govindasamy Dr. P.
Published: May 2024

The stock exchange shows a dynamic part in the evolution of the economy of a country. Indian stock market comprises of a huge number of corporates of various sectors which contribute in the development of the economy. And one such sector which has a massive share in the economic development of our country is Automobile sector. India’s Automobile market has become 3 rd largest in the world in the year 2018. It also covers 7.1% share of our country GDP. The Automobile sector contributes around 22% of country’s manufacturing GDP. The empirical literature available shows that the past researches were merely focused on automobile sector contribution in the economy and there growth prospects in the future, while some aspects were not being raised in the past researches. Hence the researcher feels the need to find some new aspects 7 related to automobile sector and stock market (e.g. various legal provisions related to Indian stock market, relation between stock price, market index and automobile sector index, stakeholder perception regarding investment in automobile sector, volatility of return on shares of selected automobile companies) and researcher will also examine different factors affecting stock markets and automobile sector
FUTURISTIC TREND OF AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURERS AN ANALYSIS WITH HYUNDAI VS TATA MOTORS IN FY2023
Authors: Govindasamy Dr. P.
Published: May 2024

The transportation landscape has paradigm shift over the next 10 to 15 years with automotive sector trends - independent driving, connected vehicles, complete electrification, evolving electronics applications and shared mobility - amplifying their impact. The sprouting background benevolences have seamless openings for Indian auto manufacturers to lead the troublemaking modifications happening diagonally in all parts and increase the economic benefit, conferring to Mckinsey report. Indian auto players can develop backgrounds for invention, locally and in similar avenues overseas aiming to cope up with the complete products, combinations, or modules wide-reaching globally. In traditional micro mobility divisions (two Wheeler and three Wheeler), for Passenger Vehicles, such as cars and Sport Utility Vehicles, and light Computercontrolled Vehicles, Indian players can win adopting the strategy of electrification and frugal design requirements essential for emerging markets
A STUDY ON LONG RUN AND SHORT RUN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DOMESTIC AND GLOBAL FACTORS WITH SELECT SECTORAL INDICES OF INDIAN STOCK MARKETS
Authors: Sameera V. V. L.
Published: May 2024

The impact of global and domestic economic factors may not be same on all the sectoral indices, hence the present debate is made as an experiment to analyze the Long-term and short-term causality between select global and domestic economic factors with select sectoral indices of Indian stock market. Johansen co-integration test, VECM/VAR model, Wald test has been used to test the remote future and fleeting causality. The study concluded that, lag variables of respective index, NIFTY, IIP, NASDAQ and Petroleum rates posses long and short run association with Auto and Bank Index
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Authors: Bansal Yogita
Published: May 2024

Covid-19 changed the system of working in the organization, it has affected the past practices and new policies have been framed. Organizations are not compacting themselves in the office boundaries. They are providing their human capital the chance to work from home. It gave a boost in online recruitment and selection procedures. Jobseekers can easily contact now to the organization. Technologies are more in use than ever before. Information technology has changed the way of working. Some challenges also occurred by over use of gadgets. Employees mental health is going down, so mental health workshops are being conducted to cope up with the situation
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT: A STUDY & ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Chaudhary Nisha , Solanki Dr. Umesh
Published: May 2024

This paper study the relationship of psychological contract and organizational performance, and also confirms that different components of psychological contract aids in performance of organizations and also facilitate managers to understand the psychological makeup of different generations working in same organization, resulting in strengthening the factors of effective performance management system and this paper also reveals that the employees are likely to low their work efforts when they perceive that the institution is failed to keep on its commitments. Based on this analysis, a conceptual framework is being designed in this research paper, to show the linkage between psychological contract and organizational performance via employees' performance
PLANT-BASED PROTEIN: A WAY FORWARD FOR NUTRITION SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Shelake Pramod S. , Sabat Mousumi , E Mounika , Manik Shweta F. , Selvan Shilpa S. , Mohapatra Debabandya
Published: May 2024

In recent years, plant-based proteins are gaining much more importance for various reasons. Traditionally, nuts and leguminous crops were considered natural sources of plant proteins. With the advancement of extraction technologies, proteins are derived from a wide range of cereals, vegetables, vegetable seeds, algae, and other edible seeds, which can be alternative protein sources. Besides, the antinutritional factors associated with legume crops are taken care of to provide a portion of sustainable and holistic food to the population. Furthermore, some traditional processes like fermentation are ways to minimize the health deterrent factors associated with plant-based proteins. Plant-based proteins are not confined to the milk and meat analogs anymore; they now constitute a part of the customized diet or designer foods for different age groups and professionals, in the form of protein concentrates, isolates and hydrolysates. The global market for plant-based protein has seen exponential growth post-COVID times, and several major players are in the research and development of plant-based protein. Considering that a large section of the global population is still striving for nutritional security, the availability of these plant-based proteins will pave the way for meeting healthy body and soul requirements in this dwindling climatic condition