bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of microsatellite loci for an Australian epiphytic orchid, Dendrobium calamiforme, using Illumina sequencing
Authors: Trapnell Dorset W. , Beasley Rochelle R. , Lance Stacey L. , Field Ashley R. , Jones Kenneth L.
Published: June 2015

Premise of the study:

Microsatellite loci were developed for the epiphytic pencil orchid Dendrobium calamiforme for population genetic and phylogeographic investigation of this Australian taxon.

Methods and Results:

Nineteen microsatellite loci were identified from an Illumina paired‐end shotgun library of D. calamiforme. Polymorphism and genetic diversity were assessed in 24 individuals from five populations separated by a maximum distance of ∼80 km. All loci were polymorphic with two to 14 alleles per locus, expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.486 to 0.902, and probability of identity values ranging from 0.018 to 0.380.

Conclusions:

These novel markers will serve as valuable tools for investigation of levels of genetic diversity as well as patterns of gene flow, genetic structure, and phylogeographic history.
Preparation of Ni/Cu composite nanowires
Authors: Wang Hu , Li Xiaoyu , Li Ming , Xie Kenan , Liao Li
Published: June 2015

Ni/Cu composite nanowires were synthesized in an aqueous solution for the first time. The synthetic process consisted of two steps. Firstly, pure nickel nanowires were prepared through chemical reduction in solution under a magnetic field. Secondly, copper was reduced on the surface of the nickel nanowires, during which Ni/Cu composite nanowires with an average length of 80 µm and diameter of about 200 nm were synthesized. The products were characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The method has notable advantages: It is template-free, inexpensive, easy-to-operate, and it only needs a short reaction time, which makes it suitable for large-scale preparation.
Le métier de photographe
Authors: Vauclare Claude , Debeauvais Rémi
Published: June 2015

Évalués à environ 25 000, les photographes professionnels font face, depuis une quinzaine d’années, à des changements importants liés à la diffusion des nouvelles technologies numériques, qui ont redéfini les pratiques de toute une profession. La mutation des conditions de création, de production et de diffusion de la photographie s’est traduite par une dérégulation du marché de la photographie et par une fragilisation du cadre juridique qui garantissait auparavant les revenus des photographes. L’étude est fondée sur une enquête menée auprès d’un échantillon de 3 000 photographes et sur de nombreux entretiens avec des professionnels. Elle présente les caractéristiques sociodémographiques de cette population professionnelle en expansion depuis quinze ans (+ 37 %) qui se renouvelle en se féminisant. Elle décrit la diversité des statuts professionnels, juridiques et fiscaux qui encadrent l’exercice du métier de photographe et les conditions de l’activité : positionnement sur le marché, revenus nets d’activité, évolution des techniques photographiques. Enfin, l’étude décrit les représentations que les professionnels ont de leur métier et de son avenir : adaptation nécessaire aux innovations technologiques, concurrence de la photographie en amateur par exemple, et les attentes qu’ils ont exprimées, notamment en termes de simplification des régimes sociaux et fiscaux, d’accès à la formation professionnelle continue et de protection du droit du photographe auteur.
L’apport de la pluralité des méthodes dans la prévention du risque psycho-socio-organisationnel
Authors: Machado Tony , Desrumaux Pascale , Lancry Alain
Published: June 2015

Le diagnostic et la prévention du risque psycho-socio-organisationnel (RPSO) nécessite l’utilisation de méthodes complémentaires (examen des indicateurs de fonctionnement et de santé, entretiens, analyse de l’activité, adaptation d’un questionnaire) permettant de prendre en compte différentes exigences et ressources impactant la santé des travailleurs. L’intervention menée dans le secteur de l’hôtellerie-restauration (N = 230) a mobilisé ces différentes méthodes interrogeant des déterminants organisationnels propres à l’entreprise. Les entretiens et les analyses de l’activité ont permis d’identifier des exigences (exposition aux comportements antisociaux, risque perçu d’exposition à un accident du travail, exigences physiques et environnementales) et des ressources (communication, accompagnement au changement) complémentaires à celles des modèles de référence de Karasek et Siegrist (demande, latitude, soutien, récompense). Les résultats indiquent que la prise en compte des exigences et ressources spécifiques permet de mieux expliquer les atteintes sur la santé, évaluée sous les dimensions de stress, d’épuisement physique et émotionnel. Par ailleurs, conformément au modèle JDR, un rôle modérateur des ressources sur le lien existant entre exigences et santé a été observé. Lors de l’évaluation du RPSO, il semble donc nécessaire d’articuler l’intervention autour d’une méthodologie combinatoire afin d’être au plus près des réalités de terrain vécues par les agents et construire un plan d’actions de prévention efficace.
Étude de la genèse de démarches de GPEC. Le cas d’établissements du secteur médicosocial
Authors: Bellini Stéphane
Published: June 2015

Dans le cadre d’une recherche-action, nous observons la genèse d’une démarche de Gestion Prévisionnelle des Emplois et Compétences par des acteurs de terrain. Nous mettons en discussion la littérature sur la GPEC avec celle de l’appropriation des outils de gestion, qui souligne l’intérêt d’intégrer l’acteur dans l’analyse. La grille de lecture des dynamiques d’appropriation éclaire les processus sociaux à l’œuvre (jeux de pouvoir, construction de sens, apprentissage) et permet de mieux les comprendre. Nous montrons également que les formes de GPEC sont produites par l’imbrication de ces processus sociaux. Plus que la fiabilité des outils, les dimensions humaines à l’œuvre dans une démarche de GPEC sont des facteurs de succès.
Le commerce international de produits agricoles et ses rivalités permanentes
Authors: Pouch Thierry
Published: June 2015

Lorsqu’il s’agit d’analyser l’échange international entre les nations, un clivage oppose deux courants de pensée. Le premier voit l’échange de marchandises comme une source possible d’accroissement de la richesse des nations, et comme l’un des fondements d’un processus de pacification des sociétés. Le second courant montre au contraire que, dès lors que des marchandises sont échangées, elles battent nécessairement pavillon, et que les acteurs, nations, participant à l’échange sont entrés dans un jeu de rivalités commerciales pour capter la part de marché la plus élevée. Les produits agricoles constituent l’une des manifestations de ces rapports de force dans l’économie mondiale. Une mise en perspective historique des rivalités commerciales entre des puissances agricoles a pour finalité de montrer en quoi, d’hier à aujourd’hui, l’agriculture constitue un domaine complexe à partir duquel l’analyse doit nécessairement être pluridisciplinaire.
Les enjeux de l’implantation de grands élevages dans le bassin inférieur du Pilcomayo : nouvel eldorado ou dernière frontière ?
Authors: Antoine Olivier
Published: June 2015

La forte demande mondiale de viande, de produits carnés et de matières premières agricoles pousse les pays producteurs à étendre leurs frontières agricoles et pastorales vers de nouveaux territoires au risque d’y provoquer de fortes tensions géopolitiques. C’est le cas dans le bassin du Pilcomayo où les territoires, répartis entre l’Argentine et le Paraguay, font aujourd’hui l’objet d’intenses enjeux fonciers en vue d’y introduire des élevages bovins à grande échelle. Cette région semi-aride d’Amérique du Sud était déjà le théâtre de tensions entre les deux pays autour de la répartition des eaux du Pilcomayo, mais cette pression aussi brutale qu’inédite s’est traduite par une multiplication des conflits locaux et frontaliers. Pourtant, la transformation du bassin du Pilcomayo en nouvel eldorado de l’élevage risque d’ores et déjà d’être remise en cause par l’introduction de cultures beaucoup plus rentables comme le soja. Dès lors, la question du devenir de l’élevage extensif se pose, ainsi que le choix de son maintien, notamment dans un pays comme l’Argentine où la consommation de viande représente un véritable enjeu politique et social.
Riz, terre et eau du Lango : la lente émergence d’un territoire hydraulique ougandais
Authors: Torretti Charlotte , Gay Lauriane , Calas Bernard
Published: June 2015

Le périmètre rizicole d’Olweny dans le nord de l’Ouganda est une opération d’aménagement du territoire destinée non à réduire l’insécurité alimentaire nationale mais à améliorer les revenus paysans pour réduire les disparités entre les agriculteurs et les urbains, les nordistes et les sudistes. Ce projet hérite de deux phases antérieures qui se sont soldées par des échecs à cause, d’une part, de l’insécurité civile qui a régné en Ouganda et plus particulièrement dans le Lango depuis 1980, et, d’autre part, des erreurs de conceptions initiales. En 2014, dans le cadre de la démocratie pluripartite, la réhabilitation du projet participe de la stratégie du pouvoir pour conquérir l’électorat du Nord, traditionnellement dans l’opposition. Localement, le projet pose trois enjeux. Le premier est l’émergence d’un consensus autour de la gestion du projet et d’une mise en cohérence des pratiques agraires, le second concerne l’obligation d’augmenter le capital travail. Enfin le troisième concerne la marchandisation de la terre qu’accélère le projet.
Quel avenir pour l’altérité sexuelle ?
Authors: Dijon Xavier
Published: June 2015

Les études de genre se multiplient aujourd’hui pour que soit mieux reconnue la place qui revient à la femme dans la société. Or cette tendance se manifeste au moment où l’idéologie du gender n’entend aborder l’altérité sexuelle que sous le double signe de la liberté et de l’égalité d’individus indifférenciés. Pour permettre aux études de genre de donner leur fruit sans tomber dans l’excès idéologique, il importe d’ouvrir, tant dans la raison scientifique de l’objectivation que dans la raison politique du contrat social, l’espace d’une lecture symbolique de la dualité sexuelle.
Accelerated Corneal Collagen Cross-linking for Postoperative LASIK Ectasia: Two-Year Outcomes
Authors: Marino Gustavo K. , Torricelli Andre A. M. , Giacomin Natalia , Santhiago Marcony R. , Espindola Rodrigo , Netto Marcelo V.
Published: June 2015

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking for postoperative LASIK ectasia after 2 years.

METHODS:

A prospective, single-center case series was performed with patients treated for postoperative LASIK ectasia. All eyes underwent accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CCL-Vario Crosslinking; Peschke Meditrade GmbH, Zurich, Switzerland) at 9 mW/cm
2
for 10 minutes. The main outcome measures were changes in uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, central corneal thickness, corneal topography, and endothelial cell density. These parameters were assessed at baseline and at the 6-month and 1- and 2-year follow-up visit.

RESULTS:

The study enrolled 40 eyes of 24 patients (15 male and 9 female) with a mean age of 33.8 ± 7.5 years (range: 24 to 52 years) that attained at least 2 years of follow-up. The surgical procedure was uneventful in all cases. All eyes stabilized after treatment without any further signs of progression and no statistically significant changes in the mean uncorrected distance visual acuity (
P
= .649), corrected distance visual acuity (
P
= .616), mean keratometry (
P
=.837), steep keratometry (
P
= .956), ultrasonic pachymetry (
P
= .135), slit-scanning pachymetry (
P
= .276), and endothelial cell density (
P
= .523). In addition, 72.5% of the patients presented stable or gains of Snellen lines over time.

CONCLUSIONS:

Accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking seems to be safe and effective in halting postoperative LASIK ectasia progression after 2 years of follow-up. However, a longer follow-up period with a larger cohort is needed to validate these findings.

[
J Refract Surg.
2015;31(6):380–384.]
Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segment Explantation in Patients With Keratoconus: Causes, Technique, and Outcomes
Authors: Chhadva Priyanka , Yesilirmak Nilufer , Cabot Florence , Yoo Sonia H.
Published: June 2015

PURPOSE:

To assess the causes for intrastromal corneal ring segment (Intacs; Addition Technology Inc., Lombard, IL) explantation in patients with keratoconus, and technique for explantation, long-term outcomes, and secondary procedures to correct visual acuity.

METHODS:

Ten eyes of 8 patients with a history of Intacs explantation between 2004 and 2012 were included in a retrospective study performed at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Causes of Intacs removal, surgical technique, preoperative and postoperative corneal examination, and uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity were documented. Additionally, corneal topography (Tomey, Nagoya, Japan) parameters such as average keratometry and corneal cylinder were assessed.

RESULTS:

Although the segments were well positioned, the most common cause of Intacs removal was worsening visual acuity (80%). There was no statistically significant difference between pre-Intacs placement, post-Intacs placement, and post-Intacs removal in uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, average keratometry, or corneal cylinder, except between 1-year post-Intacs placement corrected distance visual acuity (0.57 logMAR [20/75 Snellen]) and 1-month post-Intacs removal corrected distance visual acuity (0.25 logMAR [20/36 Snellen],
P
=.03). Four patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty after Intacs removal with good visual outcomes.

CONCLUSION:

This study demonstrates the visual and structural outcomes that returned to near baseline after Intacs explantation in keratoconic eyes.

[
J Refract Surg.
2015;31(6):392–397.]
Registro fósil y distribución de Anadenathera en Argentina desde el Mioceno hasta la actualidad
Authors: Fernández-Pacella L.
Published: June 2015

En la actualidad Fabaceae, es una de las familias dominantes de los Bosques Tropicales Estacionalmente Secos (Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests, SDNF o Bosques Secos Estacionales Neotropicales, BSEN. El género Anadenanthera, que integra dicha familia, tiene amplia distribución geográfica en el continente sudamericano y las Antillas, pero en Argentina sólo está presente Anadenantera colubrina var. cebil en el norte del país y sus registros están representados a partir del Mioceno Inferior hasta la actualidad por medio de palinomorfos y leños pemineralizados. El objetivo central de este trabajo es contribuir a la comprensión en el marco de la historia del género Anadenanthera durante el Neógeno y Cuaternario en Argentina, sobre la base de la revisión e integración de los antecedentes paleobotánicos, geológicos y climáticos disponibles que han afectado al género en el país. Los materiales fósiles estudiados provienen de diversas formaciones geológicas de Argentina: Formación Chenque (Mioceno Inferior), Formación Paraná (Mioceno Medio), Formación San José (Mioceno Medio), Formación Ituzaingó (Plioceno) y Esteros de Iberá (Holoceno). El material encontrado en la Formación Chenque es referido a Polyadopollenites coincide con el material descripto para el Mioceno Medio del centro-este de Argentina y para el Plioceno del noreste de Argentina. Por otra parte en la Formación Paraná e Ituzaingó se estudiaron ejemplares de leños permineralizados correspondientes a Anadenantheroxylon villaurquisense, por último, el ejemplar hallado en el Holoceno de los Esteros de Iberá en la provincia de Corrientes corresponde a Anadenanthera colubrina var. macrocarpa. Con estos datos se puede concluir que Anadenathera tuvo un registro geográfico amplio entre el Mioceno y Holoceno de Argentina, fue hallado en sedimentos del Mioceno Inferior de la Patagonia formando parte de una Paleoflora Subtropical. Desde el Mioceno Medio-Superior el género conformó parte de la vegetación del nordeste argentino constituyendo bosques xerófilos. Su último registro equivale al Holoceno Medio de sedimentos provenientes de los Esteros del Iberá, integrando la vegetación regional e indicando una vegetación abierta características de ambientes secos. Por último, es de destacar que la sucesión espacial y temporal del género Anadenanthera en la Argentina habría estado íntimamente asociada a los eventos tectónicos y climáticos acaecidos durante el Neógeno y Cuaternario.
Polimorfismo morfológico de una población urbana de Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Brygadyrenko Viktor V. , Korolev Olexij V.
Published: June 2015

Se ha examinado el polimorfismo de una población urbana del carábido Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) en plantaciones forestales de las inmediaciones de Dnipropetrovsk (Ucrania). Se han estudiado 130 machos y 95 hembras mediante 14 parámetros métricos, 10 no métricos y 10 índices corporales. De acuerdo con 13 de los 14 parámetros métricos (a excepción de la longitud de las alas membranosas), P. melanarius mostró un dimorfismo sexual significativo. Las hembras mostraron una distribución normal en la longitud del cuerpo y los machos una diferencia significativa. Las 10 proporciones corporales más significativas de esta especie mostraron diferencias sexuales mucho menores (0,26±0,86 %) que las mediciones lineales (6,56±0,96 %). Las hembras y los machos tienen prácticamente la misma forma: cuando un parámetro indicador disminuye, otro lo hace también proporcionalmente. Se registraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre machos y hembras solo para las siguientes razones: longitud de los élitros/longitud del protórax, anchura de los élitros/anchura máxima del protórax y longitud/anchura de los élitros. Una diferencia muy significativa se registró en 6 de cada 10 cálculos de las proporciones corporales para las hembras y 5 de cada 10 para los machos. El coeficiente de variación es mínimo para las proporciones corporales y máximo para los parámetros métricos, lo que demuestra la existencia de diferencias de forma entre machos y hembras de P. melanarius. De los 10 parámetros no métricos, se registró dimorfismo sexual estadísticamente significativo (P=0,01) solo en la forma del borde delantero del labro (los machos en su mayoría tienen una ligera concavidad mientras que las hembras muestran dicho borde muy cóncavo). El Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA) estableció que el 45,2 % de la variabilidad morfológica de la población estudiada depende del sexo de los individuos: los parámetros métricos (longitud y anchura de la cabeza, protórax, élitros y partes de la cabeza, altura corporal) varían en conjunto sincrónicamente entre los ejemplares de distinto sexo. No se encontraron grupos más o menos definidos (morfotipos) en la población estudiada de P. melanarius. La distribución normal de ciertos caracteres en los ejemplares de la población estudiada se vio modificada por una asimetría significativa o un exceso en ciertas características morfológicas o proporciones métricas. Los datos obtenidos pueden servir de base para el seguimiento del estado de las poblaciones de P. melanarius ya que los individuos acumulan una gran cantidad de toxinas en condiciones de impacto antropogénico.
Self-Management of Operational Issues for Grid Computing
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Rafael , Glatard Tristan , Desprez Frédéric
Published: June 2015

Science gateways, such as the Virtual Imaging Platform (VIP), enable transparent access to distributed computing and storage resources for scientific computations. However, their large scale and the number of middleware systems involved in these gateways lead to many errors and faults. This chapter addresses the autonomic management of workflow executions on science gateways in an online and non-clairvoyant environment, where the platform workload, task costs, and resource characteristics are unknown and not stationary. The chapter describes a general self-management process based on the MAPE-K loop (Monitoring, Analysis, Planning, Execution, and Knowledge) to cope with operational incidents of workflow executions. Then, this process is applied to handle late task executions, task granularities, and unfairness among workflow executions. Experimental results show how the approach achieves a fair quality of service by using control loops that constantly perform online monitoring, analysis, and execution of a set of curative actions.
Cloud-Based Computing Architectures for Solving Hot Issues in Structural Bioinformatics
Authors: Mrozek Dariusz
Published: June 2015

Bioinformatics as a scientific domain develops tools that enable understanding the wealth of information hidden in huge volumes of biological data. However, there are several problems in bioinformatics that, although already solved or at least equipped with promising algorithms, still require huge computing power in order to be completed in a reasonable time. Cloud computing responds to these demands. This chapter shows several cloud-based computing architectures for solving hot issues in structural bioinformatics, such as protein structure similarity searching or 3D protein structure prediction. Presented architectures have been implemented in Microsoft Azure public cloud and tested in several projects developed by Cloud4Proteins research group.
Access Control in Cloud Computing
Authors: Zhao Qianqian , Ma Maode , Zhang Yuqing , He Bingsheng
Published: June 2015

Data sharing as one of the most popular service applications in cloud computing has received wide attention, which makes the consumers achieve the shared contents whenever and wherever possible. However, the new paradigm of data sharing will also introduce some security issues while it provides much convenience. The data confidentiality, the privacy security, the user key accountability, and the efficiency are hindering its rapid expansion. An effective and secure access control mechanism is becoming one way to deal with this dilemma. In this chapter, the authors focus on presenting a detailed review on the existing access control mechanisms. Then, they explore some potential research issues for the further development of more comprehensive and secure access control schemes. Finally, the authors expect that the topic of access control in cloud computing will attract much more attention from academia and industry.
Emoticon Use in Mobile Communications :-)
Authors: Nelson Robert A. , Tossell Chad C. , Kortum Philip
Published: June 2015

Following the ubiquitous spread of smartphones across the world, an increasing amount of communications are conducted through text-based media (e.g., text messaging, email, social media, etc.). As such, important non-verbal information ordinarily conveyed through means such as facial expressions and body language can be absent. This can have a profound effect on the connectedness of a group, and can contribute to misunderstanding in interpersonal communications. However, emoticons have been used to provide this missing socio-emotional information and to help enhance the subtle interpretation of electronic communications. This article describes the content of current research into emoticon-use, including the parallels between emoticons and face-to-face non-verbal communications, the effect of gender and cultural differences on emoticon-use, and emoticon usage in media accessed through mobile technology. Given the high volume of mobile communications—and well-documented usability problems with regard to typing long messages on small screens—this article concludes with the suggestion of deeper integration of emoticons and mobile communication, as well as indications for future research.
The Impact of Mobile Phones on Teenagers' Socialization and Emancipation
Authors: Stefania Kalogeraki , Marina Papadaki
Published: June 2015

The mobile phone has become an indispensable mean of communication in the world today, and for teenagers specifically has become de rigueur in everyday life. The eagerness of teenagers to embrace mobile devices can be associated with such devices' instrumental as well as social and expressive functions. However, these functions are intertwined with critical impacts on the interaction between teenagers and parental/peer groups. On the one hand, the mobile phone acts as a symbolic “umbilical cord” that provides a permanent channel of communication, intensifying parental surveillance. On the other hand, it creates a greater space for interaction with peers beyond parental monitoring and control. This article summarizes current research and presents an empirical example of the impact of teenagers' mobile phone communication on the dynamics of parental and peer group interactions during their socialization and emancipation from the familial sphere.
Mobile Communication Tools as Morality-Building Devices
Authors: Caron André H. , Caronia Letizia
Published: June 2015

The rise of Mobile Devices (MD) in the last two decades is noteworthy not only for the unprecedented rate at which they have spread, but for the vast number of countries in which they have so quickly been adopted, blind to both culture and economic stature. Moreover, the accelerated nature of their constantly-evolving design and function adds additional layers of complexity to the already-complicated topic of behavior in public places and during face-to-face communication. Drawing on extant literature and research, this article focuses on a specific but underexplored consequence of the mobile turn in everyday communication: MDs enhance the stage dimension of the social interactions they are embedded in, and therefore elicit a moral reasoning on the rights and duties of the individual in public places. They cooperate in building the bases of intersubjectivity: a sense of the other.
Mobile Phone Beeping
Authors: Taiwo Rotimi , Igwebuike Ebuka
Published: June 2015

Beeping (also known as “flashing”, “missed call” or “buzzing”) is a behavior associated with mobile phone users, typically in the developing world. It is a behavior that involves a user dialing the number of another user, allowing the phone to ring a few times, but quickly canceling the call before the other person can answer. Despite being a common and established mobile phone human practice, beeping has not received adequate attention from scholars as some other behaviors associated with digital technologies, such as cyberbullying, mobile phone addiction, sexting, phone-sharing, and usage while driving. This article, therefore, offers a historical and analytical overview of existing research on the use of a beeping system as a cost-reduction strategy opposed to SMS/text messaging. It provides a solid empirical basis for an informed discussion of the social uses and social effects of the practice of beeping in no-cost communication, especially in developing countries.
Mobile Seamless Learning from the Perspective of Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Sha Li
Published: June 2015

Based on existing efforts to conceptualize and characterize Mobile Seamless Learning (MSL) from a variety of perspectives, recognition of an inherent link between MSL and lifelong learning rationalizes the necessity of viewing MSL from the perspective of Self-Regulated Learning (SRL). Thus, this article illustrates the key to understanding MSL is to view learners in MSL environments as agents of their own learning, who are motivated to and capable of learning anywhere, at any time. For the purpose of designing effective MSL systems in the future, this article attaches importance to an analytic SRL model of MSL, viewing MSL systems as social, cognitive, and metacognitive tools.
Mundane Mobile Maintenance, Entrapment, and Hyper-Coordination
Authors: Hall Jeffrey A. , Pennington Natalie
Published: June 2015

This article reviews literature associated with mundane mobile maintenance, entrapment, and hyper-coordination. Licoppe and Huertin (2001) and Ling and Ytrri (2002) first noted the important role of mobile phones in users' personal relationships. Much more than a device to make voice calls, the mobile phone has become highly integrated into the everyday interactions of vast segments of the global population. But with greater connectivity comes the possibility of dependency and anxiety. The integration and domestication of mobile phones can lead to heightened expectations of interpersonal connection and availability, which may result in feelings of entrapment and guilt. By providing a foundation in the earliest research on these inter-related topics and highlighting recent key studies, this article provides a thorough background of research on this subset of mobile communication practices.
Using Mobile Phones to Control Social Interactions
Authors: Madell Dominic , Boyd Matt
Published: June 2015

‘Cues-filtered-out' models of computer-mediated communication (CMC) imply that mobile phone use can inhibit the formation of social relationships by limiting transmission of non-verbal or non-textual cues. However, social information processing theory suggests that, to limit such effects, users unconsciously adapt their communication styles. This article agrees with that conclusion, and further notes that technology generally is adopted in a manner consistent with existing social contexts. This article also argues that people use mobile phone technology to deliberately control social interactions, effecting such control through choices relating to conversational synchronicity, continuous connection, and selective self-presentation. Finally, this article argues that the evolution of mobile phone behaviour may have an impact on human minds and social norms.
Empirical Research Methods for Evaluating Affective Satisfaction of Consumer Products
Authors: Park Jaehyun , Han Sung H.
Published: June 2015

Affective satisfaction can be defined as a subjective barometer of feelings perceived by users while experiencing and interacting with products. First proposed by Dr. Han of Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) and Dr. Nagamachi of Hiroshima University, affective engineering has since been the subject of numerous studies designed to build relationship models between design features and affective satisfaction. Some case studies used mobile phones to investigate affective satisfaction. Setting aside practice-based approaches, the cognitive processes of affect and emotion have also been investigated in the field of psychology, including the work of Dr. Russell at Boston University, which regards core affect as a neutral and calm state. This article reviews existing literature, and suggests methods for developing and validating product design concepts in terms of affective satisfaction.
Dimensions of Mobile Phone Behaviors in Environmental Communication
Authors: Wang Yuan Xin
Published: June 2015

The article explores major dimensions of mobile phone behaviors in environmental communication and suggests that the impact of mobile phone use upon environmental communication could be explored from at least five dimensions including information seeking, propagation, interaction, organizing, and data collection behaviors. Association between mobile phone use and environmental communication is explained. Dimensions of mobile phone behaviors are illustrated through published studies of environment communication. Major issues related to the mobile phone use are also reviewed.
The Role of Mobile Phones in Romantic Relationships
Authors: Duran Robert L. , Miller-Ott Aimee E. , Kelly Lynne
Published: June 2015

Mobile phones have become a ubiquitous presence in romantic relationships. They are playing an increasingly prevalent role in the initiation, maintenance, and dissolution of romantic relationships. They create issues related to autonomy and connection between romantic partners and have changed what it means to give a partner one's full attention. Additionally, scholars have developed several measurement scales to operationalize key concepts with regard to cell phones use in romantic relationships. This chapter presents the intellectual history and current knowledge pertaining to cell phone use in romantic relationships, discusses the various scales, and proposes directions for future research in this area.
Sustainability of the Use of Mobile Phones
Authors: Paiano A. , Lagioia G. , Cataldo A. , De Benedetto E.
Published: June 2015

In the present chapter, a global overview of mobile phone sector is presented. Specific focus is given to the Italian mobile phone sector, the sustainability of which is addressed by taking into account two critical aspects related to the behavioral patterns of the users (namely the energy consumption of mobile phones and associated equipment, and the conflicting link between potential dematerialisation due to the miniaturisation of the devices and the resource consumption and waste generated in this sector). This chapter also assesses the impact of the mobile phone sector on the national electricity consumption in a reference year (i.e., 2009), on the growing consumption of resources and on e-waste production. Additionally, some experimental guidelines for evaluating energy consumption and efficiency of mobile phones, of chargers and of batteries are provided. Finally, resource consumption and the e-waste generated by increased mobile phone usage are analyzed.
Mobile Diary Methods in Studying Daily Family Life
Authors: Malinen Kaisa , Rönkä Anna , Sevón Eija
Published: June 2015

This chapter introduces a mobile diary data collection tool and discusses its use in the field of family research. Although the mobile diary method is a newcomer in the field of family research, its history is rooted in the larger context of the development of methods for investigating daily life. Mobile phones offer several advantages for studying daily family dynamics: user friendliness, cost-effectiveness, the ability to capture daily emotions, interactions and significant moments, and data reliability and validity. Mobile diaries utilize various mobile phone services, including SMSs and applications, and they are increasingly used also with children. The benefits of mobile diaries in family interventions include their ability to elicit reflection and help clients to keep the aim of the intervention in mind. The future possibilities of mobile diaries in family research and interventions are discussed later in this chapter.
Rich Ling: An Intellectual Auto-Biography
Authors: Ling Rich
Published: June 2015

I have been privileged to observe the diffusion of mobile communication into society, first from the perch of a researcher at Telenor Research and subsequently as a university professor. Mobile communication is the most wide-spread mediation technology in the world. The trajectory of the research, both mine and that of my colleagues, has often been first descriptive studies followed by more theoretically driven studies. This cycle was evident with the original adoption of the mobile phone and we are seeing it again with the adoption of the smartphone/mobile internet. New areas of research include the transition from interpersonal interaction to the mobile internet, the analysis of big data and the use of mobile communication for social good.
Digital Mobile Games in Education
Authors: Liu Xiaoming , Li Qing
Published: June 2015

The engaging, interactive power of digital games makes them a compelling tool for teaching and learning. With the emergence of mobile technologies into our daily life, mobile digital games start to gain attention from both researchers and educators. In this paper, the authors synthesize the existing literature on mobile digital games in the field of education. This review of the current state of educational mobile games indicates the following four strands. The first strand of literature focuses on exploring the attitudes of both students and educators towards mobile digital games in classrooms. The second body of literature addresses the educational values of mobile digital games. The third line of research focuses on ways to integrate mobile digital game design into current teaching and learning practices. Finally, some studies examine the specific challenges when developing mobile digital games both from designers' perspectives and educators' points of view. This article finishes with a discussion of the future direction of research related to educational digital mobile games.
Harnessing Mobile Technology for Student Assessment
Authors: Stowell Jeffrey R. , Tanner Jordan , Tomasino Erin
Published: June 2015

This article provides an overview of using mobile technology in the classroom to enhance assessment of student learning. Although research on mobile devices in education is still in the embryonic stage, students generally have positive views about using their mobile devices for classroom polling and backchannel communication. However, there are also several challenges including the increased opportunity to be distracted when using mobile devices for other purposes, cost of the technology, and privacy concerns. The information presented will serve as a focal point for future research regarding the use of mobile technology in the classroom, and may help teachers to find new ways to reach their students.
Microlearning and Mobile Learning
Authors: Hug Theo
Published: June 2015

Mobile learning proves to be an emerging, and rapidly expanding field of technological, educational and psychological research which is especially important in view of formal and informal learning contexts. Terms like microcontent, micromedia and microlearning gained significance during the past decade, too. Although many aspects of learning, didactics and education have, of course, been addressed on what can be called a micro-level for centuries, technological, geographical, cognitive and socio-cultural dynamics of mobility involve new options for the enhancement of didactic thinking in the digital age. This article provides an overview on historic and systematic aspects of mobile learning and microlearning including directions for future research.
Mobile Learning
Authors: Traxler John M. , Crompton Helen
Published: June 2015

In 1972, Alan Kay developed the concept of a handheld multimedia computer that was intended as a mobile device for learning. Since that early conception, scholars, such as Traxler, Sharples, and Soloway are the pioneering scholars who have paved the way to a better understanding of the philosophical, pedagogical, and conceptual underpinnings of mobile learning today. In this article, an overview is provided to explicate the initial foundations of this emerging field. Next, current scientific knowledge is delineated with explicit references to the early scholars. This article concludes with a preview of the future research directions in mobile learning.
The Use of Mobile Phones in K-12 Education
Authors: Bedesem Peña L. , Harmon Amanda
Published: June 2015

Today there is widespread ownership of mobile technology, including mobile phones among school-aged youth. To wit, researchers report that nearly 70 percent of 8- to 18-year-olds own a mobile phone. In parallel with increased accessibility and usage, researchers in various fields of education have begun to explore how mobile phones can impact teaching and learning. In this article, the authors discuss the work of pioneering scholars in the area of emerging technology in K-12 education. Next, the authors describe the current scientific knowledge on the ways in which mobile phones are used for students in K-12 classroom settings. The authors then review important research that highlights the added effects of mobile phones to support students with disabilities. Recommendations for future lines of investigation and further reading are provided.
Using Smartphones in the College Classroom
Authors: McMay Dani V. , Dyck Jennifer L.
Published: June 2015

As technology has advanced, cellphones have become smartphones, and ownership of smartphones by college students has become the norm. Smartphones are closer to mini computers that also make phone calls than cellphones with PDA (personal digital assistant) features. In addition to specialized apps that have been developed for use in the college classroom, activities that make use of the smartphone's immediate access to resources on the internet have been developed. The purpose of this article is to give a brief overview of the most recent research on how smartphones have increasingly come to be included in the college classroom, including student and teacher perceptions of the value of using this technology for real time feedback during a lecture session. Future directions include the need for much more focus on best practices and a better connection between merely incorporating the technology and improving learning outcomes.
Long-Term Mobile Phone Use Leads to Brain Tumors
Authors: Lou Lai Lei
Published: June 2015

Although mobile phones have proved to be lifesaving in certain circumstances, wide concerns have been raised about brain tumors associated with their use. This article systematically reviews previous and current research in regards to mobile phone use and brain tumors. Recently, research (more than 10 years mobile phone use or cumulative mobile phone use more than 1640 hours) has been found that the amount of exposure to mobile phone radiation plays a key role in determining the significant associations between mobile phone use and gliomas, and acoustic neuroma. In general, those who use mobile phones for more than ten years, or cumulative call time for more than 1640 hours, have higher risks to develop brain tumors, especially glioma and acoustic neuroma, than those who use mobile phones for less than one year.
Mobile Phone Behavior in the College Classroom: Effects on Student Learning and Implications for Students and Teachers
Authors: Kuznekoff Jeffrey H.
Published: June 2015

This article provides a background on research in the communication discipline that examines mobile phone behavior in the college classroom, particularly the relationship between student texting and student learning. Thus far, scholars have found that using mobile phones during class lecture (i.e., texting or checking social network sites) has a negative impact on student learning and a negative impact on student note taking. In addition, this article highlights leading communication scholars who have conducted research in this area and the implications these findings have for both students and teachers.
Mobile Phones-Like Electromagnetic Fields Effects on Human Psychomotor Performance
Authors: Valentini Elia , Curcio Giuseppe
Published: June 2015

Nowadays nearly more than half of human beings on the planet are directly or indirectly exposed to an “evolutionary” novel physical agent: the electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted by cellular phones, base stations, as well as other types of wireless communication technologies. More than 10 years ago several studies reported that cognitive functions of human beings may have been altered while exposed to radiofrequency (RF) EMFs. Yet, the genuine effect of these non-ionizing radiations on human behaviour was not replicated by several other recent and more methodologically robust studies. Latest reviews and metanalyses confirmed the paucity of evidence in favour of psychomotor and cognitive effects of acute RF EMF exposure on human volunteers in well controlled laboratory settings. Thus, despite persisting concerns on potential biologic effects of acute RF EMFs irradiation, there is substantial lack of evidence that RF radiation can affect cognitive functions in humans.
Mobile Technostress
Authors: Chen Li
Published: June 2015

The term “technostress” was created by Craig Brod in the1980s and further explored by Michelle Weil and Larry Rosen. With the prevalence of mobile Information and Communication Technologies (mICTs) in recent years, mobile technostress has received attention from experts in various scientific fields. Mobile technostress can be defined as any type of stress that an individual suffers from as a direct or indirect result of mobile Information and Communication Technologies (mICTs). Current studies on mobile technostress have focus on (a) components of mobile technostress, (b) antecedents of mobile technostress (c) consequences of mobile technostress, and (d) smartphone and mobile technostress. Future directions for research on mobile technostress include exploring the positive aspects of mobile technostress, considering the neurobiological perspective and development of new research methodology.
Social Impacts of Mobile Phones on the Life of the Chinese People
Authors: Yushi (Boni) Li
Published: June 2015

With the introduction of mobile phones to the Chinese society in the early 1990s, there has been a great impact on the lives of ordinary Chinese people. Mobile phones have increased the convenience they have in their daily lives and more people are able to establish and expand their communicational links with others beyond their geographical locations. This is especially true since the introduction of text messaging and WeChat. The development of mobile phones has significantly helped the Chinese advance their views in the process of globalization. However, mobile phone technology has greatly reduced the traditional Chinese methods of face-to-face social interactions within families, neighborhoods, and communities. The social impacts and changes brought about by mobile phones need to be analyzed and evaluated. This article introduces the current situation of mobile phones in China from a sociological perspective. It discusses both positive and negative social impacts of mobile phones on the lives of the Chinese people.
mHealth in Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Programs around the World
Authors: Britton Briana , Pugliese Laura , Kachnowski Stan
Published: June 2015

The incorporation of mobile devices into the delivery of healthcare, known as mHealth, is changing the way care is delivered in the 21st century. The impact of mHealth is particularly salient in low and middle income countries (LMICs), where mHealth poses the opportunity to increase access and quality of healthcare in systems where supportive infrastructure is otherwise lacking. This approach is well-suited to target issues of maternal and child health, permitting an increase in health education, communication, monitoring, and care to what are often vulnerable and hard-to-access populations. Employing mHealth tactics that target such populations can improve the overall access and quality of maternal and child health in the developing world - a priority for the United Nations as reflected in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). While the field of mHealth is new and still developing, many programs and thought-leaders have already successfully applied mHealth strategies in interventions to improve maternal and child health through health education, preventive care, emergency response, biometric data collection, and training healthcare workers.
Smart Phone Health Applications
Authors: Seçkin Gül , Kahana Eva
Published: June 2015

In an era when there are nearly 332 million mobile phone users in the United States, and 5.6 billion worldwide, it is important to explore the clinical, research, and health implications of smartphone technology for personal and public health (Salehan & Negahban, 2011; Abroms, Padmanabhan, Thaweethai, & Phillips, 2011). Existing research suggest that mobile phones can be an effective platform to influence users' health decisions, and be utilized as an effective tool in promoting behavioral change (e.g., smoking cessation, weight loss, STD prevention, exercise and physical activity).The purpose of this article is to review literature that examined the use of mobile phones and smartphone health applications as mobile platforms for delivery of personalized care at the patients' convenience in support for chronic illness management and health promotion.