bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel 3D imaging approach for quantification of GLUT4 levels across the intact myocardium
Authors: Geiser Angéline , Currie Susan , Al-Hasani Hadi , Chadt Alexandra , McConnell Gail , Gould Gwyn W.
Published: July 2024

Cellular heterogeneity is a well-accepted feature of tissues, and both transcriptional and metabolic diversity have been revealed by numerous approaches, including optical imaging. However, the high magnification objective lenses needed for high-resolution imaging provides information from only small layers of tissue, which can result in poor cell statistics. There is therefore an unmet need for an imaging modality that can provide detailed molecular and cellular insight within intact tissue samples in 3D. Using GFP-tagged GLUT4 as proof of concept, we present here a novel optical mesoscopy approach that allows precise measurement of the spatial location of GLUT4 within specific anatomical structures across the myocardium in ultrathick sections (5 mm×5 mm×3 mm) of intact mouse heart. We reveal distinct GLUT4 distribution patterns across cardiac walls and highlight specific changes in GLUT4 expression levels in response to high fat diet-feeding, and we identify sex-dependent differences in expression patterns. This method is applicable to any target that can be labelled for light microscopy, and to other complex tissues when organ structure needs to be considered simultaneously with cellular detail.
Measurement of microclimates in a warming world: problems and solutions
Authors: Mitchell Duncan , Maloney Shane K. , Snelling Edward P. , Carvalho Fonsêca Vinícius de França , Fuller Andrea
Published: July 2024

As the world warms, it will be tempting to relate the biological responses of terrestrial animals to air temperature. But air temperature typically plays a lesser role in the heat exchange of those animals than does radiant heat. Under radiant load, animals can gain heat even when body surface temperature exceeds air temperature. However, animals can buffer the impacts of radiant heat exposure: burrows and other refuges may block solar radiant heat fully, but trees and agricultural shelters provide only partial relief. For animals that can do so effectively, evaporative cooling will be used to dissipate body heat. Evaporative cooling is dependent directly on the water vapour pressure difference between the body surface and immediate surroundings, but only indirectly on relative humidity. High relative humidity at high air temperature implies a high water vapour pressure, but evaporation into air with 100% relative humidity is not impossible. Evaporation is enhanced by wind, but the wind speed reported by meteorological services is not that experienced by animals; instead, the wind, air temperature, humidity and radiation experienced is that of the animal's microclimate. In this Commentary, we discuss how microclimate should be quantified to ensure accurate assessment of an animal's thermal environment. We propose that the microclimate metric of dry heat load to which the biological responses of animals should be related is black-globe temperature measured on or near the animal, and not air temperature. Finally, when analysing those responses, the metric of humidity should be water vapour pressure, not relative humidity.
Mythological Aspects of Supreme Power Concept by Eusebius Pamphilus
Authors: Savelieva Marina
Published: July 2024

The article deals with one of the earliest Christian interpretations of the supreme secular power created by Eusebius Pamphilus, Bishop of Caesarea, during the life of the first Christian emperor Constantine the Great. It is proved that the concept by Eusebius contains mythological ideas transformed in a Christian context. In particular, the main focus of the interpretation of the Lord is the recognition of Him as Pantocrator [Παντοκράτωρ – the Lord of all] endowed with infinite power and authority over the Universe. Such an interpretation reconstructs archaic ideas about the deity as the centre of power and says nothing about his mercy and justice. This concept became the basis for the argumentation of the absolute nature of the Christian emperor’s supreme power – Basileus. The Lord, communicating with Basileus through His Son, Christ the Logos, gives him the sacred right to reign and thus makes him godlike [Friend of God – Θεóς, divinely favoured] – an icon of the Lord of all. Another mythological feature of Eusebius’ interpretation of supreme power is the solution to the problematic relationship between the reign and the priesthood. Eusebius believed that the Lord’s endowment of Basileus with the right to reign obliges him to perform priestly functions at the same time. The purpose of Basileus’ priesthood was to enlighten his flock about the essence of the Word of God, and not to observe religious rituals. In this way, the role of the basileus-priest differed from the Patriarch. Thus, the mythological nature of the concept by Eusebius of Caesarea is the fact that he unconsciously replaced various semantic connections. This happened because he could not explain the essence of supreme power and its value to society in a different way. The foundation of Eusebius’ mythological thinking is the beginning of the synthesized rationality (historical understanding of the real past) and myth (substitution of history by religious tradition) of the history of the Byzantine Empire.
The Role of Religious and Spiritual Factors in Coping with Psychosocial Problems in Refugee Adolescents
Authors: Kuru Nur Pamuk , Baynal Fatma
Published: July 2024

Adolescence is a challenging time when individuals experience rapid physical, emotional, and spiritual changes. This period may bring both opportunities and challenges. The situation may become more difficult when adolescents live in difficult circumstances, such as migration. Spending adolescence in refugee circumstances can lead to negative and traumatic situations for adolescents. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychosocial adjustment of refugee adolescents and to determine how they deal with trauma and negative experiences and how they cope with negative situations. This study aimed to understand the extent to which adolescent refugees who struggle with psychosocial problems resort to religious and spiritual methods and what coping styles they implement. Therefore, qualitative research was conducted through semistructured interviews with 50 adolescent refugees aged 11-19 years from different neighborhoods of Istanbul. To ensure the homogeneity of the study, attention was given to the age of the participants and to include both male and female participants. According to the results of the study, the most common psychosocial problems to which refugee adolescents are exposed are witnessing war, death, the loss of loved ones, and being forced to migrate. The participants had issues related to security, basic human needs, health, education, and housing. However, refugee adolescents were likely to use positive coping styles, including praying, reading the Qurʾān, gratitude, patience, and attributing good. The findings show that religious and spiritual factors are important for refugee adolescents’ attempts to cope with psychosocial problems. In addition, positive religious coping styles are significant for posttraumatic growth and development.
Testing the Mediating and Moderating Factors of the Link Between Religiosity and Vaccine Hesitancy: A Quantitative Study of Turkish Muslims
Authors: Ayten Ali , Sağırlı Muhammet Numan , Eren Cengiz Derya , Cengiz Ömer Faruk , Çalışkan Muhammed Turan
Published: July 2024

This study aims to examine the link between religiosity and vaccine hesitancy and whether this relationship is mediated by trust in science and scientists. The sample consisted of 571 Turkish Muslims. The participants' average age was 38.09 years (SD=11.3). The participants were asked to provide their demographic information and complete measures of vaccine hesitancy, religiosity, and trust in science and scientists. The findings indicate that (a) there is a significant positive correlation between religiosity and vaccine hesitancy, (b) trust in science and scientists has a mediating role in the relationship between religiosity and vaccine hesitancy, and (c) age has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between religiosity and vaccine hesitancy. The findings suggest that the role of religiosity in vaccine hesitancy functions through trust in science and scientists.
Caputo’s Postmodern Understanding of Religion
Authors: Bekalp Bilal
Published: July 2024

The most important characteristic of the age in which we live is the prominence of pluralistic and local understandings. In modern thought, the importance of reaching universal, objective, and precise knowledge is known. In postmodern thought, on the other hand, almost the opposite situation is put forward, and religion finds its place among pluralistic and local understandings. Religion no longer has valid, inclusive, and generalizable claims for everyone. In the postmodern age, religion is referred to as something between things. John Caputo, who has a very important place in contemporary thought, develops his thoughts from a postmodern framework. However, Caputo develops a hermeneutic approach to avoid falling into relativism. In doing so, he is under the influence of Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and Derrida. In particular, he develops an “event” theology based on Derrida’s concept of “religion without religion”. Combining this idea with hermeneutics, Caputo believes that life is always interpreted differently but that life still has a religious aspect. From this point of view, he puts forward an understanding of “weak theology”. Caputo’s “weak” theology rethinks various theological tropes and themes through a lens that significantly reshapes our understanding of the role and purpose of theology. In this paper, we address the concepts of weak theology and religion without religion and critically examine how religion and theology are situated within postmodern thought.
Book Review: Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, c. 1450–c. 1750
Authors: Fuad Abdur Rahman
Published: July 2024

The book examines Ottoman Sunnism’s evolution, orthodoxy, and spatial dimensions. Divided into three chapters, it critically engages with historical narratives, doctrinal debates, and socio-political dynamics shaping Ottoman Sunnism. Chapter I reevaluates Sunnī orthodoxy by tracing its historical dialogue with the past and the present. It examines the emergence of a new hadith culture in the sixteenth century, challenges conventional views through Shāhzādah Qorqud’s writings, explores the influence of Ibn Taymiyyah on Ottoman thought, redefines knowledge boundaries in Ottoman catechisms, and scrutinizes perceptions of heresy in Ottoman society. Moreover, Chapter II focuses on the spatial dimensions of Sunnitization, exploring how pious communities were constructed within urban institutions and convents. It investigates the transformation of spaces like the ʿimārah into mosques, the integration of Abdāl-affiliated convents into Khalwatī darwīsh networks, and the role of imāms in congregational prayers during the Ottoman Sunnitization era. Chapter III delves into the contextual and genre-specific nature of confessional politics, shedding light on the complexities of Sunnī-Shiʿī’ relations and Ottoman-Safavid diplomacy. It reexamines the portrayal of Qizilbash actors in Ottoman borderlands, evaluates Ottoman historical writing through the lens of Islamic history, and explores Islamic discourse in Ottoman-Safavid diplomatic exchanges.
Berlińska kolekcja numizmatyczna Radziwiłłów – (nie)znany rosyjski ślad, który nie istniał?
Authors: Krytsuk Raman
Published: July 2024

Artykuł omawia historię kolekcji numizmatycznej berlińskiej linii Radziwiłłów i jej ewentualnych losów: powstania, dziejów i tajemnicy zniknięcia. Przedstawiono także tajemniczą historię zbioru monet rosyjskich „z kolekcji księcia Radziwiłła”, który od lat 90. XX w. krąży na rosyjskim rynku numizmatycznym – autor rozważa, czy jest on powiązany z berlińską kolekcją numizmatyczną Radziwiłłów.
Implementasi Literasi Baca Tulis di Sekolah : Studi Kasus di SDN 39 Raba Bima
Authors: Fitri Nurmiatul , Haryadi Didit
Published: July 2024

literasi baca tulis sangat diperlukan untuk mengembangkan komunikasi siswa. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Implementasi literasi baca tulis di SDN 39 Raba Bima yang dilihat dari aspek 1) Jumlah variasi bahan bacaan di sekolah 2) peminjaman bahan bacaan di perpustakaan 3) kegiatan sekolah yang berkaitan dengan literasi baca tulis 4) kebijakan kepala sekolah yang berkaitan dengan literasi baca tulis  dan 5) Komunitas Baca di sekolah.
penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif.  Pengambilan data menggunakan angket mendalam mengenai perkembangan literasi disekolah dan di bantu oleh wawancara  dilakukan kepada beberapa pegiat literasi disekolah seperti kepala sekolah, kepala perpustakaan dan ibu pembimbing literasi ibu Y untuk mendukung data. Tehnik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif atau statistik deksriptif. Penarikan kesimpulan dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan hasil yang diperoleh dengan kategori nilai presentase menggunakan rumus likert skala 1 sampai 4.

Hasil Implementasi Literasi Baca Tulis SDN 39 Raba Bima masuk dalam kategori sangat baik dengan aspek 1) Jumlah variasi bahan bacaan di sekolah dengan presentase 83% dengan kategori sangat baik 2) peminjaman bahan bacaan di perpustakaan dengan presenatse 88 % dengan kategori sangat baik 3) kegiatan sekolah yang berkaitan dengan literasi baca tulis dengan presentase 84% dengan kategori sangat baik 4) kebijakan kepala sekolah yang berkaitan dengan literasi baca tulis dengan presentase 88% dengan kategori sangat baik dan 5) Komunitas Baca di sekolah dengan presentase 92% dengan kategori sangat baik. Secara garis besar  Implementasi Literasi Baca Tulis SDN 39 Raba Bima sudah sangat baik akan tetapi masih harus meningkatkan kualitas implementasi literasi baca tulis dan harus dilakukan evaluasi literasi secara menyeluruh bukan saja hanya literasi baca tulis untuk mengetahui implementasi literasi secara keseluruhan.
The Existence of Muhammadiyah’s Islamic Education in Facing Generation Alpha and the Era Society 5.0
Authors: Rofingah Rofingah , Lailan Arqam Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Generation Alpha and the era of society 5.0 are an obstacle  for Muhammadiyah’s Islamic Education. Because everything is based on technology, all information is easy to get through digitally,  which has positive and negative impacts. The negative effect is more dominant, so  the progressivism of Muhammadiyah’s Islamic Education becomes  necessary for education providers. The research aims to explore the existence of Muhammadiyah’s Islamic Education in facing the Alpha generation and the era of Society 5.0. In this study, the authors used a qualitative method of library research. Journals, articles, books, and other relevant information can support this article's data as a source.
The results showed that the existence of Muhammadiyah’s Islamic Education in the generation Alpha  and the era Society 5.0 was pursued by innovating technology-based learning and lecture programs such as the eduMu, edutabMu, ISMUBAKU and SiberMu University and Trensains schools.
Councils dig deep to help children and families below poverty line
Authors: Hayes Derren
Published: July 2024

As the rise in the cost-of-living pushes more families into poverty, local authorities are developing a range of schemes, services and support packages to try to reduce the impact on children's health and wellbeing
How Different Student Demographics affect the Course Grades of the Different Teaching Modes for Hybrid Teaching Instructors Only
Authors: Moodie Douglas R.
Published: July 2024

Certain demographics of students may prefer certain modalities, and certain demographics may achieve higher mean grades in some teaching modalities than others. This study used student-section data from five years of all the undergraduate courses at Kennesaw State University (KSU) from 2015 to 2019. This data set with individual student course outcomes included full student demographics and course types, including previous university grade point average (GPA), sex, age, ethnicity, course department, modality, etc. The study only used data from those instructors who taught hybrid sections, as well as in-person and online sections, to avoid the effect of instructor bias. Previous research found that instructors who taught hybrid sections gave higher grades for their online and F2F sections compared to those instructors who had not taught hybrid sections. The results showed that that hybrid-teaching instructors gave higher mean course grades for their hybrid sections than their online or F2F sections and higher mean course grades than non-hybrid teaching instructors in all modalities. This effect held for all demographics.  
Acquired High Flow Arteriovenous Malformation of the Lower Lip Induced by Hormonal Variation- Report of a Rare Case and Review
Authors: BR Premalatha , Shetty Sujeeth Kumar , Hegde Usha , Chandavarkar Vidyadevi , Pasupuleti Swetha , Sangappa Sunila Bukanakere
Published: July 2024

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are uncommon vascular lesions. AVMs are the most serious type of vascular malformations, causing substantial deformity and functional disability. AVMs of the acquired type are rarely confronted in the head and neck region. They may present as a medical emergency while performing dental procedures due to their potential for uncontrollable haemorrhage. Dental professionals should be aware of their potentially fatal complications and management. Accurate diagnosis of AVMs is critical and their management remains challenging. Vascular anomalies involving the lips can negatively impact the functionality and facial appearance. In this article, we discuss a very rare case of acquired AVM of the lower lip triggered by hormonal variation occurring during menopause in a female patient, 58 years of age. There are no reported cases of acquired AVM of the lip with hormonal variation occurring during menopause as the trigger for proliferation of the lesion. An overview of the clinical, etiological, diagnostic and management aspects of head and neck region-acquired AVMs is also presented in this paper.
The Impact of Early Growth Response 1 (Egr1) on Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Cognitive Function: Narrative Review
Authors: Rahmi Upik , Goenawan Hanna , Sylviana Nova , Murtiani Farida
Published: July 2024

Introduction: EGR1 (Early Growth Response 1) gene expression is a molecular response that occurs in the brain as a result of synaptic activity and environmental stimuli. Early growth response 1 (EGR1) expression can be affected by several factors, including exercise or physical training. This review aims to determine the effect of EGR 1 expression on hippocampal synaptic plasticity function. Method: Literature search using data-based Pubmed, Science Direct, and Scopus online. The data used is from the year 1978 until the year 2022. Searched using English keywords such as EGR 1 and hippocampus. Results: Animal and human studies show that physical exercise can increase the expression of the EGR1 gene in the brain. This enhanced EGR1 expression is associated with increased synaptic plasticity, which includes changes in the strength and connectivity of synapses between neurons. Synaptic plasticity refers to the ability of the nervous system to change the strength and efficiency of communication between neurons. Physical exercise has been shown to increase synaptic plasticity by increasing dendritic growth and continuity, increasing neurogenesis (the formation of new neurons), and increasing synaptic connections between neurons. Physical exercise can increase EGR1 expression and synaptic plasticity. Increased EGR1 expression and synaptic plasticity induced by physical exercise are associated with improvements in cognitive functions, including memory, learning, and thinking ability. Conclusion: There is evidence that exercise can increase EGR1 expression and synaptic plasticity in the brain, especially in the hippocampus, to improve cognitive function.
Computational Investigation of Bioactive Phytoconstituents as SarS-Cov-2 Main Protease Inhibitors Through Molecular Docking and Interaction Fingerprint Studies
Authors: Galla Rajitha , Murthi Vidya Rani , Shaik Yasmintaj , Karnati Saritha , Vankadoth Umakanth Naik , Amineni Umamaheswari
Published: July 2024

Since 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 infection has continued to cause significant human suffering. Numerous investigations into the viral pathogenesis have led to converging conclusions on how the virus enters and spreads within the host. The main protease (Mpro) of coronaviruses has been considered as an attractive therapeutic target because of its important role in processing polyproteins translated from viral RNA. Many studies discovered that phytoconstituents possess potent antiviral activities. Hence, in the present work, 439 co-crystal ligands of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro were collected and docked with Mpro of SARS-CoV-2 (PDB ID:7AEH) to identify best crystal ligand. Among all the crystal ligands collected, HF0 (7-O-methyl-dihydromyricetin) showed good XP G score -7.872 Kcal/Mol and it was selected as reference to compare the docking scores of phytoconstituents. Then, molecular docking study was performed for 274 antiviral phytoconstituents from various medicinal plants against Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. Molecular docking studies found that seven phytoconstituents exhibited better docking scores than best co-crystal ligand HF0. Among the seven best docked phytoconstituents, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid showed good interactions with key amino acid residues in substrate binding site of Mpro with XPG Score –9.721 Kcal/Mol. Qikprop results indicated that the most phytoconstituents have demonstrated favourable pharmacological characteristics. Interaction fingerprint analysis revealed that all the seven best docked phytoconstituents of the present study bound to Glu166, key residue situated in the centre of the substrate binding site of Mpro resulting in the reduction of the catalytic activity of main protease thus blocking the replication of SARS-CoV-2.
Association of the Red Cell Distribution Width with Complete Blood Count, Glycated Hemoglobin and Vitamin D in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus- Across Sectional Study
Authors: Babker Asaad Ma. , Suliman Rania Saad , Farajallah Nour A. M. , Al-Qahtani Fahad , Alhadeb Dhafer Mubarak , Elzubair Qubaa Ahmed , Gopinath Kiran S , Abbas Anass M.
Published: July 2024

The current study was aimed to assess the association of the Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) with Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) and Vitamin D in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus to provide insight into the potential physiological mechanisms and predictive significance of RDW fluctuations in patients with heart failure who are diabetic. Material &Methods: The cross-sectional design of this study was utilized to investigate a cohort of 150 patients who had received a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The assessment centered on the evaluation of comorbidities, red cell distribution width (RDW), and glycemic management in addition to vitamin D levels. Information was gathered via questionnaires, encompassing demographic details as well as medical history. Blood samples were assessed for RDW, total blood count, HbA1c, and Vitamin D concentrations using automated analyzers. The statistical analysis was performed utilizing version 27 of SPSS. Results: The study found low relationships between HbA1c and Vitamin D (r = -0.033, p = 0.691), RDW and HbA1c (r = -0.046, p = 0.573), and RDW and Vitamin D (r = -0.128, p = 0.118). Furthermore, Vitamin D had diverse connections with CBC values, suggesting a complex link within the setting of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The findings of the current study indicated an association between the RDW and RBCs, Hb and Red blood cell indices (HCT, MCV, MCH and MCHC) in patients with T2DM. The RDW could therefore serve as potential marker for the management of patients with T2DM.
Effects of Methanolic Leaf-extract of Costus pictus D. Don on Swiss Albino Mice with Hyperglycemia Associated Renal Complications
Authors: Sarkar Sagar , Islam Rejuan , Ghosh Amlan Jyoti , Ghosh Supriyo , Saha Tilak
Published: July 2024

Effects of Costus pictus leaf extract (CPLE) in ameliorating the adverse outcomes of hyperglycemia-associated renal injury is investigated in Swiss Albino Mice. To induce renal injury associated with hyperglycemia, adult mice were given intraperitoneal injections of Streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in 0.5mol citrate buffer for five days. Animals were divided into five groups, namely CMC (vehicle control group, receiving only carboxy methyl cellulose), DC (Disease control group, receiving only STZ and without any treatment), GLD (positive control group, receiving standard drug glibenclamide), LD (experimental group treated with CPLE at 250 mg/kg bw) and HD (experimental group treated with CPLE at 500 mg/kg bw). After a rearing/treatment regimen of 4 weeks, animals were sacrificed to analyze various parameters. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) based area under the curve of plasma glucose (AUCglucose), kidney index, lipid profiling, serum, urine parameters (creatinine, albumin, urea), antioxidant studies and kidney histopathology were carried out. It was found that harmful lipids like cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C) levels were significantly elevated in the DC group, whereas LD, HD and GLD showed a tendency towards normalcy. Urine and serum parameters also showed the same trend in treatments and the GLD group, whereas the DC group showed steep abnormalities. Antioxidant study also reveals that treatment with CPLE, balances antioxidant activity by mitigating the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Histopathological investigations displayed significant disruptions in the microstructure of glomeruli of the DC group compared to both the treatments and GLD groups. These preliminary findings indicate that CPLE shows a trend to ameliorate hyperglycemia-associated renal complications and demands further detailed study.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Zanthoxylum armatum from Uttarakhand locations
Authors: Sharma Kunal , Gupta Amit , Srivastava Simran , Singh Arsh
Published: July 2024

In this study, we prepared three extracts (methanolic, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane) of Zanthoxylum armatum from respective regions of Uttarakhand (Bageshwar, Pithoragarh, and Champawat) for determining the antimicrobial activity of fruits and seed samples using the disc diffusion method. These samples were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit the growth of three different bacterial strains: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli, and the zone of inhibition was calculated in mm (millimeters). Against the three test pathogens, however, the fruit extracts demonstrated more potent antibacterial activity, but the antibacterial activity of seed extracts was less evident. Staphylococcus aureus was shown to be more susceptible to each of the extracts than other strains. This plant has the potential to treat a wide range of bacterial conditions, including skin infections, urinary tract infections, dental problems, diarrhoea, and dysentery. Similarly, Zanthoxylum armatum fruit and seed extracts were tested for their antioxidant capacity using 2,2′-diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavengers. These studies revealed that the methanolic fruit and seed extract of Zanthoxylum armatum from Bageshwar showed higher antioxidant and antimicrobial effects as compared to the control. Similar effects were obtained from ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts, but these had a lower effect than the methanolic extract. In short, Zanthoxylum armatum fruits and seeds have shown exceptional antibacterial properties against several pathogenic microorganisms that cause a number of disorders and have also shown antioxidant properties.
Effect of Cholinergic Receptor Antagonists on the Potentiation of the Effect of Adenosine Receptor Blockers in People with Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Mustafa Lirim , Islami Hilmi , Havolli Mirlinda , Alidema Fitim , Islami Pellumb , Dauti Arta , Abazi Fellenza , Bajraktari Demush
Published: July 2024

Background: The interaction between adenosine receptor blockers and anticholinergic substances in the treatment of bronchial asthma is an area of interest. The efficacy of such combinations in managing bronchial asthma and bronchial hypersensitivity needs to be explored further. Understanding lung function parameters such as airway resistance and intrathoracic gas volume is crucial for evaluating the effects of these medications. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of combining the adenosine receptor blocker, bamifylline, with the anticholinergic substance, ipratropium bromide spray, in patients with bronchial asthma. Specifically, the study sought to assess changes in lung function parameters, including airway resistance and intrathoracic gas volume, after administering ipratropium bromide alone and in combination with bamifylline. Methods: Sixteen patients with bronchial asthma were enrolled in the study. Lung function was evaluated using body plethysmography, with measurements of airway resistance (Raw), intrathoracic gas volume (ITGV), airway specific resistance (SRaw), and airway specific conductance (SGaw). Patients initially received ipratropium bromide inhalation (2 inhalations x 20µg), followed by Raw and ITGV measurements at intervals (5, 30, 60, and 120 minutes). Subsequently, patients received bamifylline (2 x 600 mg) daily for seven days at home. On the eighth day, they were administered ipratropium bromide spray (2 inhalations x 20µg), and lung function parameters were assessed similarly. Results: Administration of ipratropium bromide alone led to a significant reduction in airway resistance (p<0.05). However, the combination of ipratropium bromide with bamifylline did not significantly enhance the effects of adenosine receptor blockade (p<0.05). Specifically, there were no significant changes in Raw, ITGV, SRaw, or SGaw after combining ipratropium bromide with bamifylline. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that the addition of anticholinergic substances did not potentiate the action of adenosine receptor blockers in patients with bronchial asthma. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory effects of xanthines, such as bamifylline, were not augmented by anticholinergic substances in this study. These results highlight the need for further research to explore alternative therapeutic approaches in the management of bronchial asthma.
Supplementation Dadih Pudding as a Probiotic on the Psychosocial Problems of Children with CoviD-19 Undergoing isolation
Authors: Susmiati Susmiati , Helmizar Helmizar , Asrawati Asrawati , Yani Finny Fitry , Khairina Ilfa , Anggreiny Nila , Masnadi Nice Rachmawati
Published: July 2024

Previous studies have found that probiotic supplementation can positively affect mood and psychological symptoms such as stress and anxiety. Dadih is a traditional food from West Sumatera, Indonesia, derived from buffalo milk, a source of probiotics, and contains a lot of lactic acid bacteria, the type of Lactobacillus. This study aimed to prove the effect of giving dadih pudding as probiotics on psychosocial problems in children and adolescents with COVID-19 who underwent isolation treatment. This quasi-experimental research uses with post-test only with a control group. Among the respondents, 43 patients 5 – 18 years old with Covid 19 were isolated at the Quarantine Center. The respondents were divided into two groups, the experimental group gave dadih pudding (23 members), and the control group gave pudding only (20 members). Psychosocial problems determined with Pediatric Symptom Checklist 17 (PSC-17) checklist after two weeks of intervention with dadih pudding. There is a significantly different mean internalization between the control and intervention groups p <0.05. Children given dadih pudding (intervention group) had lower psychosocial problems than those not given the dadih pudding/control group (12.5% vs 87.5%); otherwise, the control group had more significant psychosocial problems 62.9% than the intervention group 37.1% (p < 0.05). Dadih pudding supplementation can significantly reduce the score of PSC-17 among children or adolescents during quarantine COVID-19. This supplementation can be used modulation microbiota in children who suffer from the psychosocial problems.
Acute Diarrhoea in Children Aged Up to 2 Years Age Group: Assessment of Therapeutic Strategies and Hospital Stay Variance, in Tertiary Care Rural Hospital – An Observational Study
Authors: Das Mousumi , Kale Ranjana S , Jain Manish
Published: July 2024

Acute Diarrhoea, it is one of the leading causes of under 5 childrens’ morbidity and mortality in India. It is most common in children especially those between 6 months and 2 years. Antimicrobials are mostly used drug for acute diarrhoeal cases according to many studies but according to WHO antibiotics are not required for all the diarrhoeal cases except few bacterial diarrhoeas. Other way, WHO recommends Zinc with low osmolarity ORS for acute diarrhoea. So, this study was designed for assessing the treatment pattern and its outcome in our setup. Objectives: - To assess the use of antibiotics and Zinc among children under 2 years suffering from acute Diarrhoea by analysing average of use and hospital stay. Materials and Methods: - This observational study includes 76 patients, admitted under Paediatric Department of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, in the period of 6 months. All the patients admitted during the study period having acute Diarrhoea with moderate dehydration as per definition of WHO was included in the study. Patients with other existing diseases, bloody diarrhoea and seriously ill were excluded. Data was collected from Paediatric ward and was analysed by using GraphPad software. Results: - Over all among the 76 patients, 25(32.89%) patients received antimicrobials only and 31(40.79%) received Zinc only and11(14.47%) patients received both. Hospital stay difference was not statistically significant in culture negative acute diarrhoea cases with the use of zinc and antimicrobials (p = 0.08) but it was significant in culture positive cases (p = 0.03). Conclusion: - In culture negative acute diarrhoeal cases Zinc was mostly used and hospital stay was not found to be significant with and without antimicrobials. Implication: - Uncomplicated acute diarrhoeal cases may be treated with Zinc alone effectively.
Seeing knowledge hiding through a multi-level lens
Authors: Tokyzhanova Talshyn , Durst Susanne
Published: July 2024

This study investigates knowledge hiding (KH), a growing research area of increasing importance across multiple organisational levels. The rapid expansion of KH research runs the risk that existing knowledge is not accumulated but constantly re-invented. Therefore, this study aims to enhance our understanding by systematically reviewing the antecedents, boundary conditions and outcomes of KH. We develop a thematic mapping of 173 papers, identifying key antecedents, boundary conditions and outcomes of KH alongside emerging knowledge gaps and pertinent research questions. Leveraging these insights, we construct a multi-level framework that categorises KH at the micro, meso and macro levels, integrating findings from our thematic analysis. This study provides a consolidated view of KH literature and is a valuable guide for scholars seeking to advance this domain.
Looking Backwards: Tradition, the Temporal, and the Timeless
Authors: Kraver Jeraldine R.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Our “Looking Backwards” selection continues to honor our promise in the 80th anniversary issue of The CEA Critic : to reprint past matters from the journal—articles, essays, notices, photos—and juxtapose them against the themes or topics pursued in the issue at hand. Typically, identifying the reprint involves starting with a present issue and then searching through the journal’s archives for something that sets up a conversation. Also, in reproducing our selection, we present it as closely as possible to the original.
Notebooking Embodied Sonico-Musical Experience
Authors: Lamos Steve
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This essay argues that notebooking practices—regular, routine writing about everyday experience—focused on the felt experiences of sonic / musical activity can be used to generate new forms of becoming and being. To do so, I begin with how such notebooking constitutes a daily, habitual, and revelatory practice. I then describe how notebooking is a potentially unique means of exploring the value of writing about music. Building on this potential, I look to how the rhythmic dimensions of sonico-musical experience can create interesting forms of resonance. Finally, in way of illustration, I offer a case study of my own notebooking focused on the resonant rhythms that have appeared at the nexus of my playing drums in a part-time touring rock band while carrying out my full-time work as a composition professor.
D. H. Lawrence, T. S. Eliot, and the Meaning of the Mythical Method
Authors: Sumner Charles
Published: July 2024

Abstract: There is a discrepancy between evidence of T. S. Eliot’s respect for D. H. Lawrence and F. R. Leavis’s account of their diametrical opposition. My goal is to establish and spell out the reasons for Eliot’s ambivalent posture. On the one hand, I argue that both authors tried to reconcile the contradiction between social unity and individual freedom, and they did so by resolving it into more basic concerns with morality, impersonality, and tradition. This parallel explains Eliot’s attraction to Lawrence. On the other hand, I argue that the different way they framed and understood these concerns accounts for his antipathy and, in turn, sheds new light on the mythical method in The Waste Land . When considered alongside Lawrence’s work and Eliot’s judgment of it, the mythical method comes across as no glorification of the past but instead as a critique of the present for repeating it.
La unción de Wamba en la Historia Wambae regis, de Julián de Toledo : los prodigios de la abeja y la columna de humo, y las luchas políticas del 680
Authors: Asiss-González Federico J. , Carrizo Walter J.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The Historia Wambae regis (seventh century), by Julian of Toledo, is a text that records an important part of the reign of the Visigothic king Wamba (ca. 630-88). Written after his downfall, the book recounts the royal anointing of the monarch, the oldest known description of such a ritual. This event, in turn, involves two extraordinary elements not adequately addressed by scholars: the appearance of a column of smoke emanating from the monarch's head when the ceremonial oil is poured over him and that of a bee hovering over the same. Both elements have biblical significance and carry multiple political meanings of considerable antiquity. This article delves into the significance of these elements in the narrative of the anointing ritual, specifically determining how they contributed to shaping the political image of Wamba projected by Julian. It also explores the function of the narrative in the political context of the time in which the Historia Wambae regis was composed: the reign of Ervigio. Resumen: La Historia Wambae regis (s. VII), de Julián de Toledo, es un texto en el que se consigna una parte importante del reinado del rey visigodo Wamba (ca. 630-88). Escrito tras su caída, el libro relata de la unción regia del monarca, la descripción más antigua que se conoce de un ritual de este tipo. Tal evento, a su vez, involucra dos elementos extraordinarios no suficientemente abordados por los académicos: la aparición de una columna de humo, surgida de la cabeza del monarca cuando le es vertido el óleo ceremonial, y de una abeja que revolotea sobre la misma. La elección de ambos, por parte de Julián, no es casual, pues poseen una profunda significación bíblica, pero, además, cuentan con múltiples significados políticos de considerable antigüedad. Este artículo se propone indagar en el sentido que dichos elementos presentan en la narración del rito de unción, a fin de determinar, específicamente, de qué manera contribuyeron a la conformación de la imagen política de Wamba que el arzobispo proyectaba. Sin embargo, también se ahonda en la función del relato en la coyuntura política del momento en el que se compuso la Historia Wambae regis : el reinado de Ervigio.
Magic and Miracle in the Cantigas de Santa Maria
Authors: Bamford Heather
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The miracles in Alfonso X, el Sabio's (1252-84), Cantigas de Santa Maria are textual and visual representations of marvelous events attributed to the Virgin. This article examines how miracles and magic differ in their means of action through study of the magic depicted in Cantiga 125, in which a priest uses magic to seduce a maiden. Whereas magic is often strategically employed with identifiable and recorded steps and outcomes, we cannot describe how miracles come about or what actions can precipitate them apart from the divine reality to which they refer. Both miracles and magic, however, require faith, though in the case of magic, faith refers to a belief that magic can impact the world around us, rather than a faith in God. Through reference to theories of magic I argue that while a magic act is a marvel produced from a magician's expertise or a user's ability to follow instructions, a miracle results from God's grace.
Finite Groups with at Most Nine Non-Central Conjugacy Classes
Authors: Heffernan R. , MacHale D.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: We classify all finite groups with at most nine non-central conjugacy classes.
PUDCN: two-dimensional phase unwrapping with a deformable convolutional network
Authors: Li Youxing , Meng Lingzhi , Zhang Kai , Zhang Yin , Xie Yaoqing , Yuan Libo
Published: July 2024

Two-dimensional phase unwrapping is a fundamental yet vital task in optical imaging and measurement. In this paper, what we believe to be a novel deep learning framework PUDCN is proposed for 2D phase unwrapping. We introduce the deformable convolution technique in the PUDCN and design two deformable convolution-related plugins for dynamic feature extraction. In addition, PUDCN adopts a coarse-to-fine strategy that unwraps the phase in the first stage and then refines the unwrapped phase in the second stage to obtain an accurate result. The experiments show that our PUDCN performs better than the existing state-of-the-art. Furthermore, we apply PUDCN to unwrap the phase of optical fibers in optical interferometry, demonstrating its generalization ability.
Performance enhancement of optical pulse coding phase-sensitive OTDR system with genetic-optimized code
Authors: Zhao Hanyu , Liu Fei , Lian Zhiwen , Wang Zhi , Yang Xu , Zhou Xian
Published: July 2024

Optical pulse coding (OPC) in phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (φ-OTDR) traditionally relies on standard coding sequences as probe pulse trains, which usually suffer the problem of distorted probe pulse caused by the gain saturation in erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). To improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and mitigate distortion caused by the EDFA gain saturation, a genetic-optimized code (Go-code) based OPC φ-OTDR (GOPC φ-OTDR) scheme is proposed in this paper. The unique Go-code sequence generated by the distributed genetic algorithm (DGA) is explored in the field of φ-OTDR for the first time, and the coding sequence was optimized to adapt to the vibration sensing requirements in φ-OTDR. Theoretical analyses focused on EDFA gain saturation effects and coding gain were conducted. The experiment of GOPC φ-OTDR demonstrated significant improvements compared with Golay φ-OTDR, achieving less distortion in decoding response and approximately 7.48 dB phase demodulation SNR enhancement within a 10-km sensing range. This research marks Go-code's pioneering exploration into φ-OTDR, demonstrating substantial advancements in optimization metrics, and opening avenues for exploring advanced OPC technologies.
Parallel diffusion models promote high detail-fidelity photoacoustic microscopy in sparse sampling
Authors: Wu Jie , Zhang Kaipeng , Huang Chengeng , Ma Yuanzheng , Ma Rui , Chen Xin , Guo Ting , Yang Sihua , Yuan Zhen , Zhang Zhenhui
Published: July 2024

Reconstructing sparsely sampled data is fundamental for achieving high spatiotemporal resolution photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) of microvascular morphology in vivo. Convolutional networks (CNN) and generative adversarial networks (GAN) have been introduced to high-speed PAM, but due to the use of upsampling in CNN-based networks to restore details and the instability in GAN training, they struggle to learn the entangled microvascular network structure and vascular texture features, resulting in only achieving low detail-fidelity imaging of microvascular. The diffusion models is richly sampled and can generate high-quality images, which is very helpful for the complex vascular features in PAM. Here, we propose an approach named parallel diffusion models (PDM) with parallel learning of Noise task and Image task, where the Noise task optimizes through variational lower bounds to generate microvascular structures that are visually realistic, and the Image task improves the fidelity of the generated microvascular details through image-based loss. With only 1.56% of fully sampled pixels from photoacoustic human oral data, PDM achieves an LPIPS of 0.199. Additionally, using PDM in high-speed 16x PAM prevents breathing artifacts and image distortion issues caused by low-speed sampling, reduces the standard deviation of the Row-wise Self-Correlation Coefficient, and maintains high image quality. It achieves high confidence in reconstructing detailed information from sparsely sampled data and will promote the application of reconstructed sparsely sampled data in realizing high spatiotemporal resolution PAM.
Design of subsurface defect detection system based on two channels
Authors: Chen Gengyang , Zhang Tengda , He Pan , Lu Rongsheng
Published: July 2024

With the continuous improvement of quality requirements for optical components, the detection of subsurface defects in optical components has become a key technology. However, there is a problem with existing detection techniques, which is that they cannot simultaneously and independently detect subsurface defects at the micrometer and nanometer levels. This article analyzes the scattering field model of subsurface scratches and conducts simulation experiments on the relationship between scattering light intensity and system aperture. Based on the simulation results, a dual channel experimental system with adjustable spot size was designed to achieve automated measurement of subsurface defects. The narrow channel was used to detect micrometer-level subsurface defects and the wide channel was used to detect nanometer-level subsurface defects. The experimental results verified the correctness of the simulation experiment. In order to improve the sensitivity of the system, we designed an aperture based on the scattering field distribution of surface and subsurface defects, which is used to block the interference signal on the sample surface and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the subsurface defect signal. The experimental results show that this aperture plays an important role, and the detection sensitivity of the system reaches 100 nm. We used four algorithms for data processing and found that the IQR algorithm is most suitable for this system. Finally, the detection results were compared under different spot sizes, and it was found that small spot sizes have better detection effects on nanoscale subsurface defects. In practice, the spot size can be dynamically adjusted according to the detection needs to achieve the optimal configuration of detection speed and sensitivity.