bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pyrotinib Sensitizes 5-Fluorouracil-Resistant HER2+ Breast Cancer Cells to 5-Fluorouracil
Authors: Yi Jianing , Chen Shuai , Yi Pingyong , Luo Jinlin , Fang Meng , Du Yang , Zou Lianhong , Fan Peizhi
Published: July 2020

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer. However, acquired chemoresistance leads to a loss of its efficacy; methods to reverse are urgently needed. Some studies have shown that pyrotinib, an ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is effective
against HER2+ breast cancer. However, whether pyrotinib sensitizes 5-FU-resistant breast cancer cells to 5-FU is unknown. We hypothesized that the combination of pyrotinib and 5-FU would show synergistic antitumor activity, and pyrotinib could reverse 5-FU resistance in HER2+
breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Our data showed that pyrotinib inhibited the growth of 5-FU-resistant SKBR-3/FU and MDA-MB-453/FU cell lines and the parental cell lines. 5-FU remarkably suppressed the growth of SKBR-3 and MAD-MB-453 cells. However, SKBR-3/FU and MAD-MB-453/FU cells
showed resistance to 5-FU. A combination of pyrotinib and 5-FU resulted in the synergistic inhibition of the growth of the 5-FU-resistant SKBR-3/FU and MDA-MB-453/FU cell lines and the parental cell lines. Pyrotinib decreased significantly the IC50 values of 5-FU and the thymidylate
synthase (TS) mRNA expression levels in the 5-FU-resistant SKBR-3/FU and MDA-MB-453/FU cell lines and the parental cell lines and increased significantly the intracellular concentration of 5-FU in SKBR-3/FU and MDA-MB-453/FU cells. In addition, pyrotinib reduced the ABCG2 mRNA and protein
expression levels in SKBR-3/FU and MDA-MB-453/FU cells and downregulated the protein expression levels of pAKT, pHER2, and pHER4 in all four cell lines. After TS or ABCG2 in 5-FU-resistant breast cancer cells was knocked down, the sensitivity of SKBR-3/FU and MDA-MB-453/FU cells to 5-FU was
restored. Moreover, in vivo experiments demonstrated that pyrotinib in combination with 5-FU more effectively inhibited SKBR-3/FU tumor growth than either pyrotinib or 5-FU alone. In conclusion, our findings suggest that pyrotinib could restore sensitivity of 5-FU-resistant HER2+
breast cancer cells to 5-FU through downregulating the expression levels of TS and ABCG2.
PEMBINAAN PENULISAN KARYA TULIS ILMIAH BAGI GURU-GURU KOMUNITAS MGMP BAHASA INDONESIA TINGKAT SMP DI KECAMATAN SEKUPANG KOTA BATAM
Authors: Handayani Nurma Dhona , Oktavia Yunisa , Mubarak Zia Hisni
Published: July 2020

Abstrak

Penulisan karya tulis ilmiah jenis penelitian tindakan kelas telah menjadi sebuah kebutuhan dasar bagi para guru sekolah sebagai salah satu syarat dalam pengurusan kenaikkan pangkat dan golongan untuk setiap guru. Guru dituntut untuk mampu meneliti di dalam kelasnya dan memecahkan permasalahan yang terjadi di dalam kelasnya sendiri dengan menggunakan berbagai media dan sarana yang kreatif. Maka dari itu, pemerintah menetapkan kenaikan pangkat dan golongan tenaga pendidik wajib dengan melakukan penelitian. Berdasarkan pengamatan tim Pengabdi pengabdian terhadap para guru Sekolah Menengah Pertama di kota Batam, fenomena penelitian tindakan kelas bagi para guru untuk kenaikan pangkat mereka menarik minat tim Pengabdi pengabdian untuk mengadakan kegiatan pengabdian yang bersifat pembinaan pada guru-guru komunitas MGMP mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di kecamatan Sekupang, kota Batam. Tentunya hal ini sejalan dengan tujuan para guru yaitu sebagai ajang pembelajaran untuk menghasilkan karya tulis ilmiah yang berguna dalam Pengabdian kenaikan pangkat dan golongan mereka,kegiatan pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat menambah pemahaman dan pengetahuan para guru terhadap karya tulis ilmiah dan mengasah kemampuan dan skill penulisan karya tulis ilmiah jenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Dari kegiatan pembinaan ini juga diharapkan agar para guru mampu terhindar dari plagiarisme dimana banyak ditemukan kasus plagiarisme pada karya tulis ilmiah usulan kenaikan pangkat guru. Out put dari kegiatan ini adalah proposal penelitian tindakan kelas yang dibuat oleh guru-guru komunitas MGMP mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia sebagai peserta pembinaan.
Parenting Culture on The Role of Father in Prevention of Stunting in Toddler
Authors: Januarti Luluk Fauziyah , Hidayathillah Ariska Putri
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Prevention of stunting in toddler is one of the roles of fathers in protecting against danger. However, most fathers still play a passive role in this regard. Madura culture sees the role of father only as head of families and breadwinner in the family. The purpose of the research is to analyze the effect of parenting culture on the role of fathers in prevention of stunting in toddler.

Methods: The research design is observational with cross sectional approach. Exogenous variables are parenting culture while the endogenous variables are the role of fathers and prevention of stunting in toddler. The research population is 230 fathers with a sample of 132 fathers using the cluster sampling method. The research instrument used is a research questionnaire. This research uses statistical test Binary Logistic Regression.

Results: The results of the research with the Binary Logistic Regression test showed that the role of father significantly affected the prevention of stunting with the result of sig 0.001 <α 0.05. Parenting culture significantly influences the prevention of stunting in toddler with the result of sig 0.019 <α 0.05. This shows that the role of father will increase the prevention of stunting in toddler, parenting culture will increase the role of father and parenting culture will increase prevention of stunting in toddlers.

Conclusion: Parenting culture is beneficial for father in increasing their roles in preventing stunting in toddlers and it is important for nurses to understand their culture before understanding transcultural nursing applied to society.
Short-term Outcomes of Preterm Infants in a Medical Center at Banyumas Regency, Indonesia: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Purwandari Haryatiningsih , Huang Mei-Chih
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Short-term outcomes of preterm infants refers to any preterm infants’ conditions after birth including medical diagnosis or morbidity, length of stay at the hospital, and readmission to hospital after discharge. A high number of preterm births were identified as the major case in the year of 2015 in a medical center at Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. However, limited evidence showed the preterm infants’ short-term outcomes in this medical center. This study was intended to investigate the short-term outcomes of preterm infants in a medical center, Banyumas Regency, Indonesia.

Methods: The study used a retrospective design with a case-control study involving a convenience sampling of data set from 50 preterm and 50 term infants who were born from January to December 2015 in a medical center, Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. Any preterm infants’ outcomes from the hospital medical record were collected. Chi-Square, T-test, and Mann-Whitney U were used for statistical analysis.

Results: The study showed that preterm infants experienced low birth weight (LBW), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), jaundice, and longer length of stay at the hospital compared to term infants (p<0.01; p=0.027; p<0.01; p<0.01, respectively). Surprisingly, the study found there was no significant difference in readmission to the hospital between two groups.

Conclusion: Healthcare professionals can use the data as considerations for improving preterm infants’ optimal care.
Adequacy Of Activity Oriented Technique In Instructing Science To VII Class Understudies
Authors: Arif Mehwish
Published: July 2020

The motivation behind the exploration was to examine the adequacy of action situated strategy in showing science in understudies of in optional classes. The Test bunch educated by action situated strategy was contrasted and the benchmark group which was instructed in the traditional course book approach. Maintenance test consequences of the two gatherings were contrasted altogether and furthermore objectivewise with discover whether various sorts of exercises has any huge impact on the maintenance limit of understudies. The strategy utilized in the examination is exploratory technique. The reliant variable is the accomplishment of understudies while the autonomous variable is the instructing strategy.
Glioblastoma and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma in an
Adolescent Girl with Constitutional Mismatch Repair
Deficiency syndrome mimicking Neurofibromatosis Type-I
Authors: AYDIN Firdevs , ALTAY Derya , GÖRÜKMEZ Orhan , KİRAZ Aslıhan Hafo , KARAMAN Filiz , ÖZCAN Alper , YILMAZ Ebru , KURTSOY Ali , ÖZKAN Keramettin Ugur , DENİZ Kemal , PER Hüseyin , KARAKUKCU Musa , ÜNAL Ekrem , PATIROĞLU Türkan
Published: July 2020

Children with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRDS) are prone to
different types of cancers. A 16-year-old girl who was misdiagnosed with neurofibromatosis
Type-I (NF-I) for 1 years had experienced glioblastoma and colonic adenocarcinoma. After
operation, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were started for adenocarcinoma. Genetic analysis
from the patient, effected brother, and mother showed heterozygote (c.479 + 36A> G) mutation
in the intron 4 region of NF-1 gene. Initially, it was thought that this genetic variant was
causative. Furthermore, next generation sequencing showed that the index patient and his
brother have homozygote (c.1444 C>T) mutations in the MSH6 gene which are associated with
CMMRDS both died because of colonic adenocarcinoma, and T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,
respectively. Patients with CMMRDS may resemble NF-I. The physicians must not be confused
with the previous diagnosis. Increased awareness of CMMRDS, and prompt evaluation for an
underlying genetic background is advised if there are unexpected cancer in patients with NF-I.
¿Quiénes son los profesores de Religión Católica?
Authors: Araya Flores Héctor
Published: July 2020

Ante la necesidad de obtener una caracterización más precisa acerca de quienes ejercen la docencia de Religión en Chile, este artículo comienza por presentar el contexto de la carrera de pedagogía en Religión desde una perspectiva histórica y desde el desarrollo profesional docente. Luego, desde los datos del Ministerio de Educación para el período 2011-2016, indaga su número, su formación pedagógica, el lugar en el cual realizaron esos estudios, entre otros. Finalmente, se interpretan los datos a la luz de investigaciones y estándares de ejercicio pedagógico en aula de acuerdo a las políticas educativas vigentes.
PTFO 8-8695: Two Stars, Two Signals, No Planet
Authors: Bouma L. G. , Winn J. N. , Ricker G. R. , Vanderspek R. , Latham D. W. , Seager S. , Jenkins J. M. , Barclay T. , Collins K. A. , Doty J. P. , Louie D. R. , Quinn S. N. , Rose M. E. , Smith J. C. , Villaseñor J. , Wohler B.
Published: July 2020

PTFO 8-8695 (CVSO 30) is a star in the 7–10 million year old Orion OB1a cluster that shows brightness dips that resemble planetary transits. Although strong evidence against the planet hypothesis has been presented, the possibility remains debated in the literature. To obtain further clues, we inspected data from the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the ESA Gaia mission. The Gaia data suggest that PTFO 8-8695 is a binary: the photometric data show it to be overluminous with respect to members of its kinematic group, and the astrometric data are inconsistent with a single star. The TESS light curve shows two different photometric periods. The variability is dominated by a sinusoidal signal with a period of 11.98 hr, presumably caused by stellar rotation. Also present is a 10.76 hr signal consisting of a not-quite sinusoid interrupted by hour-long dips, the type of signal previously interpreted as planetary transits. The phase of the dips is nearly 180° away from the phase of the originally reported dips. As noted previously, this makes them difficult to explain as planetary transits. Instead, we believe that PTFO 8-8695 is a pair of young and rapidly rotating M dwarfs, one of which shows the same “transient-dipper” behavior that has been seen in at least five other cases. The origin of these transient dips is still unknown but likely involves circumstellar material.
The −12 mag Dip in the Galaxy Luminosity Function of Hickson Compact Groups*
Authors: Yamanoi Hitomi , Yagi Masafumi , Komiyama Yutaka , Koda Jin
Published: July 2020

We present the galaxy luminosity functions (LFs) of four Hickson Compact Groups using image data from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam. A distinct dip appeared in the faint ends of all the LFs at M

g
 ∼ −12. A similar dip was observed in the LFs of the galaxy clusters Coma and Centaurus. However, LFs in the Virgo, Hydra, and the field had flatter slopes and no dips. As the relative velocities among galaxies are lower in compact groups than in clusters, the effect of galaxy–galaxy interactions would be more significant in compact groups. The M

g
 ∼ −12 dip of compact groups may imply that frequent galaxy–galaxy interactions would affect the evolution of galaxies, and the dip in LF could become a boundary between different galaxy populations.
On the Measurement of Handedness in Fermi Large Area Telescope Data
Authors: Asplund Julia , Jóhannesson Guðlaugur. , Brandenburg Axel
Published: July 2020

A handedness in the arrival directions of high-energy photons from outside our Galaxy can be related to the helicity of an intergalactic magnetic field. Previous estimates by Tashiro et al. and Chen et al. showed a hint of a signal present in the photons observed by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). An update on the measurement of handedness in Fermi-LAT data is presented using more than 10 yr of observations. Simulations are performed to study the uncertainty of the measurements, taking into account the structure of the exposure caused by the energy-dependent instrument response and its observing profile, as well as the background from the interstellar medium. The simulations are required to accurately estimate the uncertainty and to show that previously the uncertainty was significantly underestimated. The apparent signal in the earlier analysis of Fermi-LAT data is rendered nonsignificant.
The Role of Inhomogeneities in Supernova Shock Breakout Emission
Authors: Fryer Chris L. , Fontes Christopher J. , Warsa James S. , Roming Pete W. A. , Coffing Shane X. , Wood Suzannah R.
Published: July 2020

The breakout of a supernova blast wave from its progenitor star provides strong constraints on the star and its immediate surroundings. These surroundings are shaped by mass loss from the star and can include a wide variety of inhomogeneities. Here we present results of multidimensional radiation-hydrodynamics calculations of the interactions of the supernova blast wave with inhomogeneities in the immediate surroundings of a massive Wolf–Rayet star, calculating the effect these interactions have on the shock breakout signal from supernovae.
Morphological Classification of the Convective Regimes in Rotating Stars
Authors: Hindman Bradley W. , Featherstone Nicholas A. , Julien Keith
Published: July 2020

We present a set of numerical simulations that model the convection zones of solar-like stars. With this suite of numerical experiments, we explore how the nature of the convective structures transitions through a series of morphological regimes as the reduced Rayleigh number increases. Convection first manifests as a belt of rotationally aligned, convective, Taylor columns that circumscribes the equator. As the supercriticality increases, the poles begin to convect, initially in a cellular form, but eventually a plumy form emerges. Finally, at extremely high values of the Rayleigh number, a weakly rotating regime is achieved with antisolar differential rotation, i.e., the equator rotates more slowly than the poles. For all of these regimes, we provide theoretical and empirical scaling relations that summarize how global quantities—such as the bulk Rossby number and Reynolds number—scale with the Rayleigh and Ekman numbers. We demonstrate that a Rossby number based on the properties of the thermal boundary layer that clings to the outer surface of the convection zone works particularly well to predict the transition to antisolar differential rotation.
The Effect of Bars on the Ionized ISM: Optical Emission Lines from Milky Way Analogs
Authors: Krishnarao Dhanesh , Tremonti Christy , Fraser-McKelvie Amelia , Kraljic Katarina , Boardman Nicholas Fraser , Masters Karen L. , Benjamin Robert A. , Haffner L. Matthew , Jones Amy , Pace Zachary J. , Zasowski Gail , Bershady Matthew , Bizyaev Dmitry , Brinkmann Jonathan , Brownstein Joel R. , Drory Niv , Pan Kaike , Zhang Kai
Published: July 2020

Gas interior to the bar of the Milky Way has recently been shown to be the closest example of a low-ionization (nuclear) emission region (LI(N)ER) in the universe. To better understand the nature of this gas, a sample of face-on galaxies with integral field spectroscopy is used to study the ionized gas conditions of 240 barred and 250 nonbarred galaxies, focusing on those that are most similar to the Milky Way. Strong optical line emission of [N ii] λ6584, Hα, [O iii] λ5007, and Hβ are used to diagnose the dominant ionization mechanisms of gas across galaxies and the Galaxy via Baldwin–Phillips–Terlevich diagrams. Barred galaxies show a strong suppression of star formation and an increase in composite and LI(N)ER-like spectra in their inner regions when compared with similar nonbarred counterparts. This effect is lessened in galaxies of very low (

) or very high (

) total stellar mass. Bar masks from Galaxy Zoo:3D show the bar’s nonaxisymmetric effect on the ionized gas and help predict the face-on distribution of ionized gas conditions near the bar of the Milky Way.
Diversity of Akanthomyces on moths (Lepidoptera) in Thailand
Authors: Aini Arifah Nur , Mongkolsamrit Suchada , Wijanarka Wijanarka , Thanakitpipattana Donnaya , Luangsa-ard J. Jennifer , Budiharjo Anto
Published: July 2020

Akanthomycesis a genus of invertebrate-pathogenic fungi from the family Cordycipitaceae (Ascomycota, Hypocreales). Its species occurs on two different types of hosts, spiders and insects, and in the latter case specifically Lepidoptera adults. Three new species ofAkanthomyces,A. noctuidarum,A. pyralidarum, andA. tortricidarumoccurring on adult moths from Thailand are proposed based on the differences of their morphological characteristics and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses using a combined dataset, including the internal transcribed spacer regions, the large subunit of the ribosomal DNA, translation elongation factor 1-α, the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, support the delimitation of these new species inAkanthomyces.
La population de la Chine
Authors: Dumont Gérard-François
Published: July 2020

Depuis le bouleversement de sa politique, engagé par Pékin à compter de 1979, la Chine, comme l’avait annoncé Alain Peyrefitte, s’est réveillée. Et tout s’est passé, depuis le début du XXI e  siècle, comme si se déployait une « sinomania ». Mais le modèle chinois est-il durable compte tenu notamment de ses paramètres démographiques ? Pour illustrer la réponse à cette question, treize figures et deux tableaux permettent de mettre en évidence la singularité des dynamiques et du futur démographiques de la Chine.
Quoi de neuf docteur ?
Authors: Charrier Baptiste , Leyzour Adeline , Chevanche Marion , Bonifait Thomas
Published: July 2020

À l’occasion de l’ouverture d’un lieu de soin pour adolescents sur le secteur V de pédopsychiatrie de Loire-Atlantique, les références à la psychothérapie institutionnelle servent d’arrière-pays pour notre équipe naissante. On remonte ses manches pour mettre les premières pierres qui structurent nos pratiques. Armature à l’articulation des propositions thérapeutiques. Un espace de parole pour tous celles et ceux qui participent à la vie dans ce lieu, les adolescents, les différents soignants. Début d’un regard collectif sur l’institution. On partage les idées. Un projet se discute ici et là, et permet de voir arriver un petit lapin à l’hôpital de jour. La petite boule de poils devient rapidement et malgré elle un support de parole. Ça donne à entendre les jeunes, les adultes et nos bricolages pour se débrouiller ensemble. Une manière de commencer à dire ce qu’on fout là.
L’évolution du discours institutionnel au sein d’un SESSAD autisme et ses effets sur la pratique clinique
Authors: L. Alice , B. Ninon
Published: July 2020

Appuyé sur l’expérience de deux psychologues cliniciennes en sessad autisme, ce texte propose d’analyser les effets de l’évolution du discours institutionnel adossé aux normes et recommandations actuelles et la manière dont celui-ci infiltre les pratiques cliniques auprès des jeunes.
Un maître d’apprentissage
Authors: Ruchaud Anaïs
Published: July 2020

Ethan est un jeune homme de 17 ans qui vient rencontrer une psychologue suite à un passage à l’acte. En difficulté pour subjectiver, les entretiens psychologiques se font plutôt sur le mode de la conversation autour de ses centres d’intérêt. Sa passion pour l’électricité semble l’aider à tenir à distance un réel très cru et un Autre qui jouit, pour Ethan.
Penser l’accueil, notamment en urgence, au sein du foyer de l’enfance
Authors: Ramond Camille
Published: July 2020

Dans le cadre de mon mémoire de formation d’éducatrice spécialisée, je me suis questionnée sur l’accueil, notamment en urgence, au sein d’un foyer de l’enfance. L’accueil est un point d’ancrage pour la suite de la relation, de l’accompagnement, et il est souvent confondu avec l’admission. Le temps d’accueil est, pour moi, transposable aux rites de passage, à savoir la séparation, la marginalisation et l’agrégation. Dans ce contexte, le travailleur social doit valoriser le passage d’un stade à un autre pour que le jeune s’autorise à grandir tout au long de son parcours.
Conte de fée
Authors: Rigaud Laurent
Published: July 2020

François Durand, éducateur, entretient avec Anna Marie, mère de famille, une relation trouble qui vient faire bouger les lignes entre professionnel et personnel. Laissant la porte ouverte à une possible relation amoureuse, il continue à officier comme éducateur tout en se perdant dans le vert profond des yeux d’Anna Marie.
I. L’étude d’évaluabilité
Authors: Diakaridja Soura Biessé , Fallu Jean-Sébastien , Bastien Robert , N. Brière Frédéric
Published: July 2020

Réaliser une étude d’évaluabilité (ÉÉ) est une étape importante permettant de planifier l’évaluation proprement dite d’une intervention ou d’un programme. C’est un exercice qui permet de collecter rapidement des données sur le déroulement d’un programme afin de prendre des décisions sur d’éventuelles modifications à apporter ou la conduite d’une évaluation formelle. Dans le cas actuel, l’étude d’évaluabilité a été appliquée à un programme de prévention de l’usage de substances psychoactives en milieu scolaire. Les différentes étapes de la conduite d’une étude d’évaluabilité y sont décrites ainsi que les résultats obtenus et les leçons apprises. Par ailleurs, les forces et faiblesses de l’étude d’évaluabilité, en tant que phase pré-évaluative d’un programme, et les défis de sa mise en œuvre sont présentés.
6. Les revues systématiques mixtes
Authors: Nha Hong Quan , Turcotte-Tremblay Anne-Marie , Pluye Pierre
Published: July 2020

Les revues systématiques mixtes sont des revues de littérature utilisant une approche systématique pour combiner des études quantitatives, qualitatives et mixtes. Elles sont de plus en plus populaires, car elles permettent une compréhension approfondie des phénomènes et interventions complexes. Dans ce chapitre, huit étapes de la revue systématique mixte sont présentées : (a) formulation d’une question de recherche, (b) définition des critères d’éligibilité, (c) identification des sources documentaires, (d) (élaboration de stratégie de recherche documentaire,(e) sélection des études pertinentes, (f) évaluation de la qualité des études retenues, (g) extraction des données des études retenues et (h) synthèse des données extraites. Ces étapes sont illustrées à partir d’un exemple tiré d’une revue systématique mixte sur les conséquences non intentionnelles d’une intervention reposant sur le financement basé sur les résultats. De plus, afin de guider l’intégration des données quantitatives et qualitatives, quatre devis de synthèse sont présentés : (a) devis de synthèse convergent avec intégration au niveau des données, (b) devis de synthèse convergent avec intégration au niveau des résultats de synthèse, (c) devis de synthèse convergent avec intégration au niveau de l’interprétation et (d) devis de synthèse séquentiel. Enfin, quelques défis des revues systématiques mixtes sont présentés dans l’analyse réflexive.
SMARTPHONE-BASED DIAGNOSTIC MODEL FOR HYPERTENSION USING FEATURES FROM PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAM
Authors: Devaki V. , Jayanthi T.
Published: July 2020

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is an optical technique which measures blood volume changes in the arterial blood using red and IR LEDs of wavelengths 660[Formula: see text]nm and 940[Formula: see text]nm, respectively. This paper proposes a methodology to measure the pulse rate from the video signal obtained using an LETV-LE MAX 2 mobile phone’s camera and also to evaluate hypertension. The Android smartphone records the intensity of light reflected from the index finger. The recorded video is separated into red, green and blue frames. Since the red video frames returned useful plethysmographic information, they are filtered using Butterworth band-pass filter and power spectral density analysis was performed on them. The immediate peak gives the pulse rate of the respective subject. Fifteen features of pulse waveform are extracted and by performing the feature selection process, seven features are selected and they undergo classification process using a neural network. The feature selection process is performed by using the eigenvalues of the principal component analysis method. The eigenvalues obtained from this method show the degree of variation present in the data. The eigenvalue that is near or close to zero gives the principal components. The features that are selected by the feature selection process of principal component analysis method are peak interval, settling time, rise time, normalized PPG, peak-to-peak amplitude, first derivative and second derivative. While performing the classification process using a neural network, the accuracy of prediction was calculated for both the normal and hypertensive subjects.
Computer Techniques for Detection of Breast Cancer and Follow Up Neoadjuvant Treatment
Authors: Araujo Adriel dos Santos , Resmini Roger , Moran Maira Beatriz Hernandez , Issa Milena Henriques de Sousa , Conci Aura
Published: July 2020

This chapter explores several steps of the thermal breast exams analysis process in detecting breast abnormality and evaluating the response of pre-surgical treatment. Topics concerning the process of acquiring, storing, and preprocessing these exams, including a novel segmentation proposal that uses collective intelligence techniques, will be discussed. In addition, various approaches to calculating statistical and geometric descriptors from thermal breast examinations are also considered of this chapter. These descriptors can be used at different stages of the analysis process of these exams. In this sense, two experiments will be presented. The first one explores the use of genetic algorithms in the feature selection process. The second conducts a preliminary study that intends to analyze some descriptors, already used in other works, in the process of evaluating preoperative treatment response. This evaluation is of fundamental importance since the response is directly associated with the prognosis of the disease.
Breast Cancer Diagnosis With Mammography
Authors: Baâzaoui Abir , Barhoumi Walid
Published: July 2020

Breast cancer, which is the second-most common and leading cause of cancer death among women, has witnessed growing interest in the two last decades. Fortunately, its early detection is the most effective way to detect and diagnose breast cancer. Although mammography is the gold standard for screening, its difficult interpretation leads to an increase in missed cancers and misinterpreted non-cancerous lesion rates. Therefore, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems can be a great helpful tool for assisting radiologists in mammogram interpretation. Nonetheless, these systems are limited by their black-box outputs, which decreases the radiologists' confidence. To circumvent this limit, content-based mammogram retrieval (CBMR) is used as an alternative to traditional CAD systems. Herein, authors systematically review the state-of-the-art on mammography-based breast cancer CAD methods, while focusing on recent advances in CBMR methods. In order to have a complete review, mammography imaging principles and its correlation with breast anatomy are also discussed.
Cloud Computing Technologies for Connected Digital Government
Authors: Mahmood Zaigham
Published: July 2020

Connected digital government vision is about putting a government in the hands of its citizens. It suggests the use of digital connectivity technologies for the development of electronic services, collaboration with governmental institutions, and interacting with citizens for their full involvement in governments' processes and operations to make them transparent and more effective. Some of the latest technologies that can help to enhance connected governance include cloud distributed computing paradigm, internet of things vision, mobile technologies, social media, and Web 2.0-based communication tools. Although all these are well developed, the focus of this chapter is on cloud computing. In this chapter, the author first introduces the cloud computing paradigm, and then, outlining the characteristics and requirements of an open connected government, the chapter discusses how cloud-based provision and related technologies can support governments to enhance their functioning, transparency, openness, and interaction, in real time, with the citizens.
Technologies for Connected Government Implementation
Authors: Gerger Atakan
Published: July 2020

This chapter aims to identify critical success factors and examines the best use of Web 2.0 technologies to improve the effectiveness and transparency of electronic government (e-government) provision. To this end, the chapter presents the use of e-Portals for connected government (c-government), e-government, and mobile government. Since the connected government practices rely not only on the technologies used but also on the culture, regime, and structure of the population, a number of other relevant factors are also discussed to further determine the impact of latest technologies on c-government practices. This study has resulted in the identification of six basic critical success factors affecting the success of c-government. At the same time, it is suggested that Web 2.0 technologies may be used to make e-government applications more human-centred, transparent, social, dynamic, and applicable. New concepts such as Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 are also examined.
The Influence of Structural Properties on the Electrochemical Performance of Surface-Modified Ordered Carbon
Authors: Razman Nur Izzatie Hannah , Endud Salasiah , Misnon Izan Izwan , Nordin Norazzizi
Published: July 2020

Ordered carbon was prepared via nanocasting method with Santa Barbara Amorphous (SBA)-15 as the template and sucrose as the carbon precursor. The ordered carbon surface was then modified with oxygen and nitrogen species to alter its chemical and physical properties. All surface-modified ordered carbon samples were evaluated using nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyser and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Post modifications, the KOH electrolyte ion transportation are affected due to significant change in the ordered carbon structural properties.
Potassium Doping Effect on Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Thin Film Absorber Layer Deposited via Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Salleh Mohd Shahril , Chaudhary Kashif Tufail , Mazalan Elham , Ali Jalil
Published: July 2020

This article reports on the role of potassium (K) as dopant in Cu2ZnSn (S,Se)4, CZTSSe thin film in context of optical properties. Thin film precursor solution is prepared in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent, and doped by K with six different concentrations. The prepared solution are deposited on heated soda lime glass (SLG) substrates using spray pyrolysis technique, followed by selenization process using three-step temperature approach. UV-Visible spectra show high absorption coefficient, α, more than 104cm-1 and bandgaps in narrow range 0.98eV to 1.10eV. X-ray diffractograms show that all samples exhibit kesterite structure with preferential orientation along (112) orientation. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to determine the morphologies of the K-doped CZTSSe thin films. 1.5 mol % of K has shown better characteristics as an absorber layer among other tested samples.
Removal of Copper Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Waste Mill Scales
Authors: Nur Asyikin A.N. , Azis Raba'ah Syahidah , Sulaiman Syazana , Azuan Nurul Ayuni , Shaari Abdul Halim , Man Hasfalina Che , Ismail Ismayadi , Ibrahim Idza Riati , Saiden Norlaily Mohd
Published: July 2020

The optimization of the Copper ions (Cu ions) adsorption from aqueous solution for inclusion in prolonged the milling time of the extracted iron oxides from waste mill scales has been investigated. Different milling times were used to reduce the size of the raw mill scale which are 24, 48 and 72 h. The three adsorbents were characterized using XRD, FESEM and VSM. Adsorbents that milled for 72 hours gave pure magnetite from the XRD results. FESEM images revealed that prolonged the milling time might reduced the particle sizes. Magnetic hysteresis revealed that all the samples having ferromagnetic behavior. Batch adsorption experiment had been carried out with the three adsorbents and as the results, adsorbents that milled with 72 hours shown highest removal of Cu ions with 95% removal efficiency.
Gelation Behavior of Polyacrylamide Reinforced with Nano-Silica for Water Shutoff Treatment in Oil Field
Authors: Fadil Nurhazwane Abdul , Irawan Sonny , Mohd Isa Nur Amelia , Shafian Siti Rohaida
Published: July 2020

Polyacrylamide gel system is widely been used in oilfield for water shutoff treatment. Gelation behavior such as proper gelation time provides a basic guideline on gel placement depth in reservoir layers. In this study, the gelation behavior of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide crosslinked with chromium(III) acetate (PHPA/Cr3+) reinforced with nano-silica was studied in term of gelation time and gel stability. The gelation time of PHPA/Cr3+ gel could be controlled with the addition of nano-silica where the gel has shown a delay in gelation time at low concentration of nano-silica. At 0.3 wt.% of nano-silica concentration, the gelation time has shown two times delay compared to the original gel system. The gel at the formulations of 0.7 wt.% and 1.0 wt.% nano-silica content remained stable with H code after 24 hours observation.
Pulsed Laser Ablation Produced Copper Nanoparticles (CUO NPS): The Influence of Time
Authors: Adnan Nurul Nadia , Ab Razak Siti Noraiza , Roslan Muhammad Sufi , Taib Nur Athirah Mohd , Nurhafizah Hasim , Amran Nurmawaddah Balqish
Published: July 2020

Copper nanoparticles were synthesized using laser ablation method by the reduction of copper plate in the presence of distilled water. Effects of time as the laser hits on the copper target were increased, the amount of Cu NPs in the distilled water also increased. EDAX confirms the existence of Cu NPs. The metallic nanoparticles have a unique optical property known as Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) which can be utilized to enhance the light harvesting performance in many applications. The noble metals of copper have the ability to support surface plasmon resonance which can be used to enhance the efficiency of any device.
Luminescence Properties of Magnesium Sodium Borate Glasses Doped Sm3+, Dy3+ and Eu3+
Authors: Tamuri Abd Rahman , Majid Aryna Abdul , Husin Rosli
Published: July 2020

The luminescence properties Dy3+, Eu3+ and Sm3+ doped magnesium sodium borate glasses were investigated. The glasses samples containing the composition 30MgO-70Na2B4O7.10H2O-xRE2O3 (where RE = Dy3+, Eu3+, and Sm3+, x = 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mol %) are prepared by the conventional melt quenching technique. The optical properties have been evaluated using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy. The X-ray Diffraction pattern was studied to confirm the amorphous nature of the prepared glass. The absorption spectra yield the most intense absorption bands and transition energy levels for Dy3+, Eu3+, and Sm3+ located at 347 nm (6H15/2 → 6P7/2), 393 nm (7F0 → 5L6), and 403 nm (6H5/2 →6P5/2) respectively. The emission spectra demonstrate the highest emission intensity centered at 463 nm (4F9/2 → 6F11/2 + 6H9/2), 612 nm (5D0 → 7FJ), and 599 nm (4G5/2 → 6H7/2) for Dy3+, Eu3+, and Sm3+ respectively. Dy3+ emits combination of blue, yellow, and red light, Eu3+ emits red light and Sm3+ emits orange to red light. The higher the content of Dy3+, Eu3+, and Sm3+, the higher the spectral or peak intensity for both absorption and emission. The findings could be useful for development of laser, light emitting diode (LED), and color displays applications. KEY WORDS: Luminescence, Borax glass, Magnesium, Dysprosium, Europium, Samarium.
Biocompatible Hydroxyapatite Derive from Selayang Fish Bone via Mechanochemical Treatment
Authors: Ishak Afiqah Qayyum , Nik Ali Nik Aziz , Nurhaziqah Abd Majid Siti , Salleh Hasiah
Published: July 2020

Age of monstrous amount of underutilized marine processing byproducts has been perceived as waste and many effort were given to utilize these materials in various application. With an incredible number of study on these byproducts, some compound were identified and apply for human utilization. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the main inorganic calcium phosphate mineral with excellent osteoconductivity, good bioactivity and biocompatibility. The production of HAp powder from synthetic process involves many chemicals with complicated procedures. Due to this matter, the raw HAp powder was extracted from natural sources selayang fish bones. Extortion process started with boiling fish bones to eliminate adherent fish meats. After calcination process fish bone were dried in room temperature before crushed by using grinder to obtain the powder. Next, the powder undergo calcination process at 900°C for 5 hours. The characterization of raw HAp was done via X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectometer, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Thermogravimetric analysis.
Zinc Oxide Thin Film Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Hakim Amna Afiqah Nasution , Rashid Affa Rozana Abdul , Arsad Norhana , Surani Aisyah Hanim
Published: July 2020

ZnO thin films have been prepared by the dip coating sol gel method. Zinc acetate dihydrate, 2-methoxyethanol and monoethanolamine (MEA) were used as precursor, solvent and stabilizer respectively. The synthesized sample was coated on glass substrate as the molarity of the solution was kept constant at 0.1 M. The structural properties and surface morphologies of ZnO thin film were characterized by XRD and FESEM. The optical properties such as transmittance, absorbance, reflectance and refractive index were studied by using UV-Vis. The functional group of the synthesized sample were verified by using FTIR. Average crystallite sizes of the samples were calculated by using Debye-Scherrer's formula. Next, ZnO is coated on POF in order to examine the reaction towards UV light.
Self-Catalysed Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth Mechanism of ZnO Nanowires Grown on Silicon Substrate Pre-Coated with ZnO Buffer Layer
Authors: Jamaludin Naziha , Sakrani Samsudi , Chaudhary Kashif Tufail , Ali Jalil , Ismail Fairuz Diyana
Published: July 2020

The present article reports the growth mechanism of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires grown on silicon substrate pre-coated with ZnO buffer layer by thermal evaporation method. ZnO nanowires are grown for different growth time of 0, 30, 90 and 120 mins with controlled supply of Ar and O2 gas at 650 °C. The structural, morphological and crystallinity properties of ZnO nanowires are analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). FESEM images infers that, the nanowires growth is driven by self-catalysed vapor-liquid-solid mechanism, where the buffer layer serve as nucleation site. EDX spectra show the uniform composition and purity of ZnO nanowires. A strong (002) peak is detected in XRD spectra which indicates that the preferred growth orientation of the nanowires is toward the c-axis with a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The HRTEM microscopic graphs confirm the growth of nanowire along the preferred [0001] axis. Based on the analysis of grown ZnO nanowires, the probable growth mechanism is schematically presented.
Structural, Magnetic and Magnetotransport Properties of Sol-Gel Synthesized La0.67Ca0.33MnO3:TiO2 Nanocomposite
Authors: Lau Lik Nguong , Pah Lim Kean , Kechik Mohd Mustafa Awang , Chen Soo Kien , Ibrahim Noor Baayah , Halim Shaari Abdul , Lai Sin Yin
Published: July 2020

Colossal magnetoresistive (CMR) materials have been widely studied because of their huge potential in spintronic technology. An introduction of secondary phase to the manganite matrix is able to improve the low field magnetoresistance (LFMR). This method is favoured by recent research works as it requires a lower magnetic field compared to intrinsic magnetoresistance. Structural, magnetic properties and magnetotransport properties of polycrystalline (1-x) La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO): x TiO2 composites where x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 were investigated in this work. Polycrystalline La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) was synthesized via sol-gel method and pre-sintered at 800 °C before appending with nano-sized TiO2. All samples are in LCMO phase having an orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma. The crystal structural parameter is studied by using Rietveld refinement. As TiO2 content increases, the magnetization is getting higher as observed via vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis at room temperature. Magnetotransport properties of the pure LCMO sample have been studied from 80 – 220 K. The LFMR is enhanced as the temperature drops. The results have shown LCMO: TiO2 manganite composite is an excellent candidate for future magnetic sensors and memory devices.
Valuing ecological goods and services: an analytical framework for policy makers
Authors: Rodrigo Chatura
Published: July 2020

Organic farming is a significant source of producing Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGSs). They are capable of producing many environmental benefits as well as health benefits. These benefits are utilized by consumers as well as the organic farmers. Recently with the growing concern over environmental and health issues and the fiscal burden of continuing fertilizer subsidy for paddy, the government of Sri Lanka encouraged paddy farmers to engage in organic farming. However, governments’ efforts were not successful and they had to increase the chemical fertilizer subsidy again. This suggests that successful policy needs to be evidenced based and needs to move out of traditional and conventional frameworks. This paper argues that organic paddy farming policies needs to be conceptualized in the perspective of EGSs. Further understanding ways to look at it from demand as well as supply side is quite essential. This paper provides an analytical frame work for evidenced based policy making, looking at promoting organic paddy farming from a EGSs perspective.
Why Nations Fail: The origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty
Authors: Dunusinghe Priyanga
Published: July 2020

No abstract available
Economic effectiveness of the devolution of power to provincial councils in Sri Lanka: a resource-productivity analysis
Authors: Gunaruwan T. L. , Dilhara S. T.
Published: July 2020

The devolution of power through the establishment of Provincial Councils in Sri Lanka is a highly debated subject, but hardly on economic grounds. The present research addressed the subject through the analysis of recurrent and capital expenditure patterns of the Provincial Councils in comparison to those of the National Government. The outcomes of the study clearly shows that the Provincial Council system is still overwhelmingly dependent on Government grants, even for its recurrent expenditure requirements, after 24 years of its existence. The study revealed that the Sri Lankan process of devolution has not been founded on any enabling economic justifications, and has not been able to produce any cost economics, generally expected through economically rational devolution of power. But, the study found that the process has resulted in negative economic implications, particularly by its apparent retarding effect on public investment, to the effect that over half-a-percent additional GDP growth push could be secured annually if the Provincial Council system could be abandoned. The devolution of Power through the Provincial Council system, brought about by the 13th amendment to the Constitution, cannot therefore be concluded as justifiable on economic grounds.
Estimation of demand and supply of pulpwood by artificial neural network: a case study in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Varadha-Raj S. , Narmadha N. , Alagumani T. , Chinnaduri M. , Ashok K. R.
Published: July 2020

The annual demand of paper and paperboard, including newsprint is at 11.15 Million Tones (MT) in India. The per-capita consumption is nearly 10.5 kg. The growth in the number of paper mills was from 17 units in 1950 to 759 units in 2010 with the production of 10.11 MT per annum. In Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu News prints and Papers Limited (TNPL) and Seshasayee Paper and Board Limited (SPB) are the major pulpwood based paper industries, which require 0.8 to 0.9 MT of pulpwood per year, whereas the availability of pulpwood is nearly 0.6 to 0.65 MT per year. This short supply will affect their performance in the market. Hence, this paper is to assess the factual demand and supply gap of industrial raw materials with different forecasting methods viz., trend analysis, moving average, single exponential smoothing model and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Based on forecast accuracy, ANN is observed as a reliable method which measures that the demand-supply gap of raw materials will be 0.01 MT and 0.24 MT in 2015 and 2020 respectively. In order to bridge the gap, industries must additionally produce raw materials by promoting resourceful captive plantation and the farm forestry area with profitable business model.
Assessing the production vs. price relationship of black tea in Sri Lanka: an application of Koyck’s geometric-lag model
Authors: De Silva M. S. K. , Jayasinghe-Mudalige U. K. , Edirisinghe J. C. , Herath H. M. L. K. , Udugama J. M. M.
Published: July 2020

The potential relationship between production and prices of black tea in Sri Lanka was examined using time-series data (1991–2011) in Koyck’s Geometric-lag models specified for three main elevations (High, Mid, and Low-grown). The results show that prices fetched at the Colombo auction impose a significant impact on production levels, and the time taken for an increase in price to have a complete effect on production was an average lag period of two and half months. Further, it shows that the actual and predicted levels of production were almost similar in most of the months during this period proving the validity and reliability of model.