bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Kebijakan Pengelolaan E-Retribusi Di Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Handayani Yesica , Ariany Ria , Ameliza Kiki
Published: August 2022

The use of the e-retribution system in Bukittinggi since the beginning of 2020 has an effect on the local revenue (PAD) from the retribution sector. This study aims to find out and analyze the implementation of the Bukittinggi Mayor Regulation Number 39 of 2020 regarding the payment, deposit and payment procedures for wholesale and/or shop levies electronically analyzed using Edward III's theory. This research is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The types of data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The data collection technique used was obtained by field research and library research. Data analysis was carried out by qualitative analysis and using purposive sampling technique in determining the sources. Testing the validity of the data is done by triangulation method. The results showed that the implementation of the electronic retribution collection policy at the Department of Small And Medium Business Cooperatives And Trade when viewed from the Eward III theory had not been implemented optimally. In terms of resources, there is a shortage of personnel in managing user fees electronically. In addition, the absence of specialized personnel in the field of information and technology has resulted in the slow development of the electronic levy receipt application system. The absence of a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) made by the Department of Small And Medium Business Cooperatives And Trade is also an obstacle in implementing the policy. The e-retribution has not yet been implemented as a whole because the collection of retribution before 2019 is still collected manually.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Remunerasi Dan Mutasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Kantor Imigrasi Kelas II Non TPI Agam
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli , Heliyani Heliyani
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, every government organizational are supposed to increase their job performance, which is used to give excellent service to the customer/society. In order to achieve goal is needed qualified human resources. The research was conduct at the Agam Immigration Office. The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of leadership, mutation, and remuneration on employee performance, by distributing questionnaires for 42 civil servants and conduct interviews and observations. Then the data is processed used quantitative analysis methods by using SEM (structural equation models) analysis technique based on Smart PLS variance.The result showed that leadership has positive effect on job performance, the remuneration has positive effects to job performance and mutation has positive effect to job performance.
Uluslararası hizmet ticaretinin cari denge ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkileri: Türkiye örneği
Authors: İnançlı Selim , Torusdağ Mustafa
Published: August 2022

Son 30 yılda, bilgi, üretim ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki hızlı gelişmeler ile birlikte mal ve hizmetlerin dünya ticareti içinde payı sürekli artış göstermektedir. Türkiye’de turizm, inşaat ve mütahitlik hizmetleri, taşımacılık gibi uluslararası hizmet alanlarında önemli gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Türkiye’nin uluslararası hizmet ticareti gelirleri cari dengeyi ve ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de uluslarararası hizmet ticaretinin cari denge ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi 1990-2020 dönemini kapsayan yıllık veriler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bunun için ADF (1970) ve DF-GLS birim kök testleri, bayer-hanck eşbütünleşme testi ve Fourier Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testleri uygulanmıştır. Nedensellik analizi bulgularına göre büyümeden hizmet ticaretine doğru tek yönlü ve cari açık ile hizmet ticareti arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
La América Latina de José Revueltas
Authors: Sabugal Torres Mtro. Eduardo
Published: August 2022

José Revueltas, escritor fundamental para entender las contradicciones históricas del México posrevolucionario, prolífico novelista, ensayista y cuentista, concibió de una manera especial lo latinoamericano y aportó desde su visión de izquierda, materialista dialéctica, a la configuración, crítica y análisis, del imaginario latinoamericano. Aquí se rastrea esa concepción, a partir de las evocaciones que el escritor hace a partir de vivencias propias y experiencias adquiridas en varios países que visitó al centro y sur del continente, como militante y periodista. Se identifican algunas características importantes de la concepción que Revueltas tenía de América Latina, como la necesidad y urgencia de superar la corriente indigenista, el internacionalismo proletario y los lazos solidarios entre países hermanos, el antimperialismo como postura inalienable, y la riqueza dialógica generada del encuentro con artistas, escritores e intelectuales marxistas, que ayudó a pensar lo propio de la región, como lo fue la señera figura de José Carlos Mariátegui.
Federico Gamboa y el naturalismo mexicano
Authors: Mendoza Ruíz Flor de Liz
Published: August 2022

En México, durante el siglo XIX, se crea la Hacienda Pública, lo cual implica que los mexicanos comienzan a pagar impuestos. Asimismo, surgen las instituciones bancarias, se desarrollan las vías férreas, se construyen canales de agua potable además de edificios “modernos” e inicia sus funciones el primer organismo que rige la educación pública. En este contexto se desarrolla todo el trabajo literario de Federico Gamboa, reconocido por su influencia en la corriente naturalista mexicana.
Sistema de aprendizado de máquina para apoiar decisões em planos de estudo
Authors:   , Gomes Daniela de Souza
Published: August 2022

O elevado índice de reprovações é um problema recorrente enfrentado por diversas instituições de ensino superior. Nas universidades públicas, essa questão impacta, principalmente, em termos de logística e alocação de recursos físicos e ﬁnanceiros, visto que muitos estudantes atrasam suas colações de grau, gerando uma lotação além da prevista de pessoas nos cursos. Conhecendo os riscos e motivações de uma reprovação, é possível traçar um plano de ação para mitigar que tal evento ocorra. Uma forma de avaliar isso é por meio de dados históricos escolares, os quais dão in- dícios se o estudante terá sucesso ou não em uma disciplina ou revelam padrões que se repetem ao longo da trajetória acadêmica do indivíduo. Neste trabalho, buscou-se explorar dados históricos da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, utilizando mineração de dados, para construir um sistema inteligente capaz de fornecer insumos que auxi- lia na tomada de decisões de estudantes e professores, no momento de elaboração do plano de estudos para um dado semestre letivo de graduação, a ﬁm de evitar repro- vações. Provendo informações que caracterizam os possíveis cenários que o estudante pode encontrar, o sistema fornece um apoio na escolha por caminhos que visam mini- mizar as chances de insucesso nas disciplinas cursadas. Amparando cada estudante individualmente, com informações direcionadas ao perﬁl deste, o resultado que se es- pera é uma queda nos índices de reprovação da universidade. Por ﬁm, vale destacar que a metodologia proposta aqui é um processo replicável para outras instituições de ensino, considerando as semelhanças adotadas nos processos avaliativos do ensino superior. Palavras-chave: Ciência de Dados. Mineração de Dados Educacionais. Mineração de Padrões Frequentes. Regras de Associação. Rede Neural. Caminho Crítico.
Nova abordagem para previsão de erros em partidas de xadrez
Authors:   , Silva Davi Hagap Emanuel da
Published: August 2022

O jogo de xadrez é amplamente utilizado como objeto de estudo em diversas áreas do conhecimento, incluindo a computação. Um dos problemas abordados na literatura recente é a análise de tomada de decisão em partidas de xadrez. Dentre as diferentes estratégias de representação de posições do tabuleiro adotadas nos trabalhos anali- sados, nenhuma utilizou a representação através de grafos no problema de previsão de erros. O objetivo desse trabalho é desenvolver modelos de aprendizado capazes de prever se um jogador cometerá ou não um erro em uma posição de tabuleiro. Para tal, são propostos atributos baseados em grafos capazes de representar conceitos do jogo de xadrez de forma eﬁciente, atributos extraídos de metadados das partidas também são propostos. A qualidade dos atributos propostos foi validada através de testes empíricos, da condução de análises exploratórias, e do treinamento de modelos de previsão que utilizam tais atributos como entrada no processo de treinamento. Os resultados dos modelos treinados também foram comparados com resultados obtidos através de modelos de referência, propostos por um trabalho da literatura recente. A comparação mostrou melhoria geral na acurácia obtida pelos modelos treinados com os atributos desenvolvidos, validando a estratégia proposta de utilização de grafos para representação de posições de xadrez. Palavras-chave: Xadrez. Predição de erros. Grafos.
Effects of thoracic spinal thrust manipulation for the management of shoulder impingement syndrome: systematic review
Authors: Bazal Bukhari  , Ashfaq Ahmad  , Arooj Fatima  , Sarwat Ali  , Admin
Published: August 2022

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of thoracic spinal thrust manipulation for shoulder impingement syndrome in the improvement of pain, range of motion and functional outcomes.
Method: The systematic review was conducted by 2 researchers independently using search strategy developed for different databases, including Cochrane Central register of control trials, PubMed, Pedro and MEDLINE, for relevant articles published between 2008 and 2020. The search strategy was designed for each database by combining the key terms and Boolean operators related to the review’s objective.
Results: Of the 312 studies identified, 14(%) were included. Of them, 4(%) were in favour of thoracic thrust manipulation, 8(%) did not support thoracic thrust manipulation as the sole treatment and 2(%) favoured thoracic thrust manipulation along with exercises.
Conclusion: Studies indicated immediate improvement in range of motion as well as pain after thrust manipulation, but others reported no such clinical difference. Manipulation should be combined with other exercise therapy to ensure some clinical improvement.
Key Words: Rotator cuff impingement, Rotator cuff impingement syndrome, Shoulder impingement, Shoulder impingement syndrome, Spinal manipulation.
Effects of Processing Techniques on the Nutritional Quality of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Varieties
Authors: Abdallah S  , Yahaya D  , Alhassan M
Published: August 2022

Cowpea is a widely consumed food crop produced in the Savanna zone of Ghana. Anti-nutrients/bio-active compounds in it limit the biological availability of important nutrients/minerals (proteins, carbohydrates, fat, sodium, zinc, calcium, iron e.t.c). Thisstudy employed soaking to investigate the nutritional value of three cowpea varieties (Wang Kae, Kirkhouse Benga and Padi-Tuya). The soaking was in two forms; soaking in water and soaking with 1% each of NaHCO3and NaClsolutions. Standard chemical analytical procedures were carried out to measure proximate parameters (Fat, protein, carbohydrate, ash, moisture and crude fibre), anti-nutrients/bioactive compounds (Tannins, phytates, oxalate and flavonoids), and minerals (Sodium, iron, calcium and zinc) contents of the cowpea varieties. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in proximate composition, anti-nutrients/bioactive compounds and minerals among the cowpea varieties were obtained. Moisture content, ash, crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrates and crude fibre varied among the soaking regimes for the samples in the ranges of 7.47-19.90%, 2.35-6.11%, 23.35-26.33%, 29.23-35.33%, 21.70-31.36% and 2.24-4.78%, respectively. Values for iron, zinc, calcium and sodium ranged between 24.86-214.46mg/kg, 45.02-216.93mg/kg, 31.12-56.59mg/kg and 34.82-136.13mg/kg, respectively. Tannins, phytate, flavonoids and oxalate values also ranged between 1.35-6.74mg/g, 4.18-10.70mg/g,15.50-91.39mg/100g and 13.64-24.63mg/g, respectively. These results indicate that, soaking with water and (NaHCO3 + NaCl) solution have potentialities for enhancing nutritional value in the cowpea varieties, which could be a means of combating nutritional deficiencies and food insecurity in Ghana and other countriesin West Africa
Got Milk?
Authors: Reddy Gitanjali , Illig Tracy
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective: To test the absorbance of casein protein by comparing two infant feeding methods: formula and breastmilk, in a healthy six-month-old infant. Hypothesis: Casein protein will be better absorbed through the feeding of breastmilk in a healthy six-month-old infant. Methods: Conducted an in vitro experiment testing casein absorbance using pepsin to simulate an infant’s stomach environment and a colorimeter test to get absorbance measurements. Result: There is a statistically insignificant amount of evidence that casein protein is better absorbed through the feeding of breastmilk and therefore, breastmilk can be used interchangeably with infant formula in strict regards to casein supplementation.

 

Key Terms: Casein to whey ratio, colorimeter, pepsin, nutritional tailoring, absorbance, infant formula, breastmilk
EVALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF MEDICAL TRAINING: THE CASE OF THE MADINGRING DISTRICT MEDICAL CENTER, NORTH CAMEROON
Authors: Mounsi Frederic , Mountchissi Celestin , Lyonga David Ikome , Tchatchoua Fils Thomas Roger , Pohowe Karen Maigou , Kemme Marileine Pricyle Eulalie Kemme
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The environment is increasingly threatened by human activities. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the different activities carried out at Madingring Medical Center on the various environmental components.

Methodology: To do this, the identification, characterization, and evaluation of the impacts were carried out during several field works using the Léopold and Fecteau matrices. The analysis of the waste management system was done using the Ishikawa 5M diagram.

Findings: During the study, the real and potential impacts were identified on the various environments. The incineration of medical waste is classified as hazardous and the poor management of toilets emits polluting and toxic substances into the air, as well as unpleasant odors that modify air quality. The presence of stagnant water from the activities of the medical center due to the lack of good drainage degrades soil quality. Added to this, there is a development of algae and moss on the site. Concerning waste management, it appears that the Center does not have an environmental permit and a waste management plan, the sorting carried out is approximate, hazardous waste is incinerated illegally and others are dumped in landfills, contributing to environmental pollution. For each impact identified, corrective measures have been proposed and may make it possible to mitigate or eliminate the negative effects and improve the positive aspects, by implementing the environmental specifications.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: At the end of this study, some recommendations were made. These include training of medical staff in best practices and techniques for medical waste management, monitoring of the implementation of regulations on hospital waste management in Cameroon, information and sensitization of users on the social and environmental impacts of environmental degradation,  as well as the best practices and behaviors to adopt within health facilities, the use of bins for the collection and sorting of waste, the creation of a pre-collection unit of waste within the health centers of Cameroon in general and those of Madingring in particular.
Case Study of Semiconducting Material
Authors: Meera Kanawade  , Yogita Dighe  , Rasika Kanawade
Published: August 2022

This electronic document is a “live” template and already There is no doubt that semiconductors changed the world beyond anything that could have been imagined before them. Although people have probably always needed to communicate and process data, it is thanks to the semiconductors that these two important tasks have become easy and take up infinitely less time than, e.g., at the time of vacuum tubes. Semiconductor materials are the building blocks of the entire electronics and computer industry. Small, lightweight, high speed, and low power consumption devices would not be possible without integrated circuits (chips), which consist of semiconductor materials. This paper provides a general discussion of semiconductor materials, their history, classification and the temperature effects in semiconductors. In this section we provide details about the impact of temperature on the MOSFET energy band gap, carrier density, mobility, carrier diffusion, velocity saturation, current density, threshold voltage, leakage current and interconnect resistance. We also provide the applications of semiconductor materials in different sectors of modern electronics and communications.
Endoscopic Assisted Infracochlear Approach for Excision of a Large Congenital Hypotympanic Cholesteatoma: A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Sudesh , Sharma Shivbrat , Chauhan Narvir
Published: August 2022

Congenital cholesteatoma is a rare lesion resulting from failed involution of epidermoid rest cells, which take part in the formation of the mucosa of the middle ear cleft during embryonic development. We report the first case report of a large congenital hypotympanic cholesteatoma with extension to the jugular foramen and carotid canal, in a 13-year-old girl, which was excised successfully by endoscopic-assisted hypotympanotomy infra-cochlear approach.
Investigation of the effect of pellet drying modes on their strength in the production of substrate-soy-carrot feed additives
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Kurkov Yuri , Burmaga Andrej , Gorbunov Kirill
Published: August 2022

To obtain high-quality granules that meet the zootechnical requirements for their composition and strength in the production of substrate-soy-carrot feed additives, it is necessary to perform high-quality operations of mixing components, granulating and drying them. Search experiments have determined the factors that have the greatest impact on the strength of granules during their drying, these include: the moisture content of granules after the press granulator, the time of the product and the temperature in the drying chamber. As a result of mathematical processing of experimental data, regression equations of the second order were obtained, establishing the dependence of the strength of granules on the factors of variation. The nature of the influence of factors on the strength of granules during the production of substrate-soy-carrot additives and the implementation of their drying process is determined. It was found that with an increase in the moisture content of the granules after the granulator over 40%, a violation of the integrity of the granules is observed, and an increase in the drying temperature to 76 ° C leads to an increase in the optimization criterion, but with a further increase this factor does not affect the process. Optimal values of technological parameters of the drying process have been determined. The moisture content of the granules after the forming device should be at the level of Wh = 33 ... 37%, the time of the product in the drying chamber T = 46 ... 48 min, the temperature in the drying chamber t = 72 ... 74 ° C. The strength of the granules of the substrate-soy-carrot mixture after the drying process is in the range of 95... 98%. Keywords: DRYING, STRAW-MUSHROOM SUBSTRATE, SOY OKARA, CARROT, GRANULE, STRENGTH, REGRESSION EQUATION, DEPENDENCE, PARAMETERS
Prevalence of Orthorexia Nervosa among Medical Students in Chennai
Authors: Kamali Dr. , Ramasubramanian Dr. , Dhanalakshmi Dr. , Ravi Shreyas , Krishna Kumar K. Karishma , P Shivaraman
Published: August 2022

Background: Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterised by an obsession with healthy eating, which may lead to severe physical, psychological and social disorders. It is particularly important to study this problem in order to improve early detection and treatment. Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Orthorexia Nervosa in among medical students in Chennai. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study done at a medical college, among undergraduate medical students. After institutional ethical committee approval, the study was conducted on 306 students. Sociodemographic details were collected and ORTHO-15 questionnaire was used to estimate the prevalence of Orthorexia Nervosa. Data was entered in excel and analysed using SPSS version 22. Chi-square test and Multiple logistic regression were used for data analysis. p- value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of Orthorexia Nervosa among undergraduate medical students was 69.93% (95% CI 64.46 to 75.02%). No significant association was found between age group, gender, BMI category, place of stay and Orthorexia Nervosa. Conclusion: Orthorexia Nervosa tendency is common among medical students. Better awareness of healthy eating will help prevention of the problem.
Monitoring of heavy metals and essential trace elements in aquatic plant Ranunculus sphaerospermus Boiss. & Blanche (Ranunculaceae), sediments, and water of volcanic Haydarlar Lake, Türkiye
Authors: KARAHAN Faruk
Published: August 2022

Aquatic ecosystems contain communities of organisms that are dependent on each other and on their environment. Monitoring of trace element and heavy metal concentrations is important to understand the possible environmental risks in natural aquatic environments. In the present study, concentrations of some heavy metals and trace elements in aquatic plant Ranunculus sphaerospermus, sediments, and water samples of volcanic Haydarlar Lake were analyzed by using ICP-OES. The concentrations were found in the following ranges: 82.11 – 97.38, 9174.50 – 9942.29, and 0.63 – 0.89 for Al; 10.29 – 17.43, 30.60 – 55.60, and 0.81 – 0.98 for B; 1038.44 – 1682.30, 4017.26 – 4503.54, and 1276.61 – 1541.41 for Ca; 120.69 – 178.41, 6894.50 – 8103.47, and 0.51 – 0.69 for Fe; 2503.51 – 2983.38, 1118.50 – 1693.38, and 69.43 – 93.82 for K; 563.38 – 783.22, 885.32 – 1122.47, and 108.55 – 143.36 for Mg in the plant (mg kg−1), sediment (mg kg−1), and water (mg L−1) samples, respectively. The concentrations of Ca, Fe, and K elements in sediments and the content of Ca and K in lake water samples were found as higher than the acceptable limit, while concentrations of all elements in R. sphaerospermus were determined to be within acceptable limits. Transfer factors (TF) of the heavy metal and essential elements from sediment to the plant samples were evaluated. The trends of TF for all samples studied were in the following order; K>Mg>B>Ca>Fe>Al. Consequently, the approach used in this study could contribute to pollution monitoring in the future.
Characterization of ultrafine particles and the occurrence of new particle formation events in an urban and coastal site of the Mediterranean area
Authors: Dinoi Adelaide , Gullì Daniel , Weinhold Kay , Ammoscato Ivano , Calidonna Claudia Roberta , Wiedensohler Alfred , Contini Daniele
Published: August 2022

Abstract. In this work, new particle formation events (NPF) occurred at two locations in Southern Italy, the urban background site of Lecce (ECO station) and the coastal site of Lamezia Terme (LMT station), are identified and analysed. The study aims to compare the properties of NPF events at the two sites located 225 km away from each other and characterized by marked differences in terms of emission sources and local weather dynamics. Continuous measurements of particle number size distributions, in the size range from 10 nm to 800 nm, were performed at both sites by a Mobility Particle Size Spectrometer (MPSS). The occurrence of NPF events, observed throughout the study period lasted five years, produced different results in terms of frequency of occurrence, 25 % of the days at ECO and 9 % at LMT. NPF events showed seasonal patterns, higher frequency during spring and summer at the urban background site, while at the coastal site during the autumn-winter period. Some of these events happened simultaneously at both sites, indicating the occurrence of the nucleation process on a large spatial scale (regional event). Cluster analysis of 72 h back-trajectories showed that during the NPF events the two stations were influenced by similar air masses, most of which originating from the North-Western directions. Local meteorological conditions characterized by high pressure, with a prevalence of clear skies, low level of relative humidity (RH < 52 %), and moderate winds (3–4 m s-1) dominated the NPF events at both sites. Notable differences were observed in SO2 and PM2.5 concentrations, resulting in ~65 % and ~80 % lower at LMT compared to ECO, respectively. It is likely that the lower level of SO2, recognized as one of the main gas precursors involved in the nucleation process, can be responsible for the smaller NPF frequency of occurrence (~60 % less than ECO) observed in LMT.
A cloud screening algorithm for ground-based sun photometry using all-sky images and deep transfer learning
Authors: Wendt Eric A. , Ford Bonne , Volckens John
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) is used to characterize aerosol loadings within Earth’s atmosphere. Sun photometers measure AOD from the Earth’s surface based on direct-sunlight intensity readings by spectrally narrow light detectors. However, when the solar disk is partially obscured by cloud cover, sun photometer measurements can be biased due to the interaction of sunlight with cloud constituents. We present a novel deep transfer learning model on all-sky images to support more accurate AOD retrievals. We used three independent image datasets for training and testing: the novel Northern Colorado All-Sky Image (NCASI), the Whole Sky Image SEGmentation (WSISEG), and the METCRAX-II datasets from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). We visually partitioned all-sky images into three categories: 1) clear sky around the solar disk, 2) thin cirrus obstructing the solar disk, and 3) thick, non-cirrus clouds obstructing the solar disk. Two-thirds of the images were allocated for training and one-third were allocated for testing. We trained models based on all possible combinations of the training sets. The best-performing model successfully classified 95.5 %, 96.9 %, and 89.1 % of testing images from NCASI, METCRAX-II and WSISEG datasets, respectively. Our results demonstrate that all-sky imaging with deep transfer learning can be applied toward cloud screening, which would aid ground-based AOD measurements.
Airborne coherent wind lidar measurements of the momentum flux profile from orographically induced gravity waves
Authors: Witschas Benjamin , Gisinger Sonja , Rahm Stephan , Dörnbrack Andreas , Fritts David C. , Rapp Markus
Published: August 2022

Abstract. In the course of the GW-LCYCLE II campaign, conducted in Jan/Feb 2016 from Kiruna, Sweden, coherent Doppler wind lidar (2-µm DWL) measurements were performed from the DLR Falcon aircraft to investigate small-scale gravity waves induced by flow across the Scandinavian Alps. During a mountain wave event on 28 January 2016, a novel momentum flux (MF) scan pattern with fore and aft propagating laser beams was applied to the 2-µm DWL. This allows to measure vertical wind and horizontal wind along the flight track simultaneously, and hence, enables to derive the horizontal momentum flux profile. The functionality of this method and the corresponding retrieval algorithm is validated by means of a comparison against in-situ wind data measured by the High Altitude and Long Range (HALO) aircraft which was also deployed in Kiruna for the POLSTRACC (Polar Stratosphere in a Changing Climate) campaign. Based on that, the systematic and random error of the wind speeds retrieved from the 2-µm DWL observations are determined. Further, the measurements performed on that day are used to reveal pronounced changes of the horizontal scales of the vertical velocity field and of the leg-averaged momentum fluxes in the tropopause inversion layer (TIL) region, which are induced by interfacial waves.
GC Insights: Enhancing inclusive engagement with the geosciences through art-science collaborations
Authors: Wright Rosalie Alice , Jackson Kurt , Girardin Cécile , Smith Natasha , Wedding Lisa
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The environmental geosciences remain underrepresented in art-science partnerships, thereby missing valuable opportunities to enhance inclusive engagement. Here, we highlight potential pathways for scientists and artists to co-create approaches for reaching wider audiences in order to contextualise salient environmental research solutions. We synthesise lessons learned from our collective experiences as a team of scientists, artists, and exhibition officers, evaluate the potential benefits of such collaborations, and explore opportunities to enhance inclusive engagement of environmental geoscience research through art-science partnerships.
Ice nucleation by smectites: The role of the edges
Authors: Kumar Anand , Klumpp Kristian , Barak Chen , Rytwo Giora , Plötze Michael , Peter Thomas , Marcolli Claudia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Smectites, like other clay minerals, have been shown to promote ice nucleation in immersion freezing mode and likely contribute to the population of ice nucleating particles (INPs) in the atmosphere. Smectites are layered aluminosilicates, which form platelets that depending on composition might swell or even delaminate in water by intercalation of water molecules between their layers. They comprise among others montmorillonites, hectorites, beidellites, and nontronites. In this study, we investigate the ice nucleation (IN) activity of a variety of natural and synthetic smectite samples with different exchangeable cations. The montmorillonites STx-1b and SAz-1, the nontronite SWa-1, and the hectorite SHCa-1 are all rich in Ca2+ as the exchangeable cation, the bentonite MX-80 is rich in Na+ with a minor contribution of Ca2+, the synthetic Laponite is a pure Na+ smectite. The bentonite SAu-1 is rich in Mg2+ with a minor contribution of Na+, and the synthetic interstratified mica-montmorillonite Barasym carries NH4+ as the exchangeable cation. In emulsion freezing experiments, all samples except Laponite exhibited one or two heterogeneous freezing peaks with onsets between 239 K and 248 K and a quite large variation in IN activity, yet without clear correlation with the exchangeable cation, with the type of smectite, or with mineralogical impurities in the samples. To further investigate the role of the exchangeable cation, we performed ion exchange experiments. Replacing NH4+ with Ca2+ in Barasym reduced its IN activity to the one of other Ca-rich montmorillonites. In contrast, stepwise exchange of the native cations in STx-1b once with Y3+ and once with Cu2+ showed no influence on IN activity. However, aging of smectite suspensions in pure water up to several months revealed a decrease in IN activity with time, which we attribute to the delamination of smectites in aqueous suspensions, which may proceed over long timescales. The dependence of IN activity on platelet stacking and thickness can be explained if the hydroxylated chains forming at the edges are the location of ice nucleation in smectites, since the edges need to be thick enough to host a critical ice embryo. We hypothesize that at least three smectite layers need to be stacked together to host a critical ice embryo on clay mineral edges and that the larger the surface edge area is the higher the freezing temperature. Comparison with reported platelet thicknesses of the investigated smectite samples suggests that the observed freezing temperatures are indeed limited by the surface area provided by the mostly very thin platelets. Specifically, Laponite, which did not show any IN activity, is known to delaminate into single layers of about 1 nm thickness, which would be too thin to host a critical ice embryo.
Impact of cry wolf effects on social preparedness and the efficiency of flood early warning systems
Authors: Sawada Yohei , Kanai Rin , Kotani Hitomu
Published: August 2022

Abstract. To improve the efficiency of flood early warning systems (FEWS), it is
important to understand the interactions between natural and social systems.
The high level of trust in authorities and experts is necessary to improve
the likeliness of individuals to take preparedness actions responding to
warnings. Despite many efforts to develop the dynamic model of human and
water in socio-hydrology, no socio-hydrological models explicitly simulate
social collective trust in FEWS. Here, we develop the stylized model to
simulate the interactions of flood, social collective memory, social
collective trust in FEWS, and preparedness actions responding to warnings by
extending the existing socio-hydrological model. We realistically simulate
the cry wolf effect in which many false alarms undermine the credibility of
the early warning systems and make it difficult to induce preparedness
actions. We found that (1) considering the dynamics of social collective trust in
FEWS is more important in the technological society with infrequent flood
events than in the green society with frequent flood events; and (2) as the
natural scientific skill to predict flood events is improved, the efficiency
of FEWS gets more sensitive to the behavior of social collective trust, so
that forecasters need to determine their warning threshold by considering
the social aspects.
Warning Water Level Determination and its Spatial Distribution in Coastal Areas of China
Authors: Liu Shan , Shi Xianwu , Liu Qiang , Tan Jun , Sun Yuxi , Liu Qingrong , Guo Hanshuang
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The warning water level is the default water level at which storm surges may occur along a coast and indicates a stage of alert. This level forms the basis for storm-surge forecasting, and prewarning is an important reference for governments and aids in the decision-making process for storm-surge prevention and disaster risk mitigation. The warning water level has four categories (blue, yellow, orange, and red) based on water level observational data. Taking into account the actual defense capability of the shore, we determined the warning water level by comprehensively analyzing factors, including the high water level at the typical return period of each shore section, wave exposure degree and defense capability of storm surge protection facilities, and the shore section’s importance level. Here, we proposed a quantitative method for determining the warning water level, and the application of this method was introduced by taking the determination of the warning water level at the shore section of Zhifu District (Yantai City, Shandong Province, China) as an example. We analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of the warning water levels for 259 shore sections along the coast and revealed their current marine disaster prevention capabilities. Our findings provide a valid direction for determining future warning water levels and a reliable scientific reference for redetermining warning water levels in coastal areas while improving marine disaster prevention and protection capabilities.
European heatwaves in present and future climate simulations: A Lagrangian analysis
Authors: Schielicke Lisa , Pfahl Stephan
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Heatwaves are prolonged periods of anomalously high temperatures that can have devastating impacts on the environment, society and economy. In the recent history, heatwaves have become more intense and more numerous over most continental areas and it is expected that this trend will continue due to the ongoing global temperature rise. This general intensification may be modified by changes also in the underlying thermodynamical and dynamical processes. In order to study potential changes in heatwave characteristics and dynamics, we compare Lagrangian backward trajectories of air streams associated with historic (1991–2000) and future (2091–2100) heatwaves in six different European regions. We use a percentile-based method (Heat Wave Magnitude Index daily) to identify heatwaves in a large ensemble of climate simulations (Community Earth System Model – Large Ensemble (CESM-LE) with 35 members). In general, we find that air parcels associated with heatwaves are located to the east or inside the respective regions three days prior to the events. For future heatwaves, the model projects a north-/northeastward shift of the origin of the air masses in most study regions. Compared to climatological values, air streams associated with heatwaves show a larger temperature increase along their trajectory, which is connected to stronger descent and/or stronger diabatic heating when the air parcels enter the boundary layer. We find stronger descent associated with adiabatic warming in the northern, more continental regions and increased diabatic heating in all regions (except of the British Isles) in the simulated future climate. The enhanced diabatic heating is even more pronounced for heatwaves over continental regions. Diabatic temperature changes of near-surface air are driven by sensible heat fluxes, which are stronger over dry soils. The amplified diabatic heating associated with future heatwaves may thus be explained by an additional drying of the land surface.
Dynamics of Locus of Control, Financial Knowledge, Financial Behaviour and Financial Position: An Empirical Study
Authors: Nair Girish Karunakaran
Published: August 2022

Qatar has witnessed significant economic growth since 2008 with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increasing by about 10 percent annually on an average, and it is consistently listed among the richest nations in the world since then. A study on the financial behaviour of the Qatari nationals would reveal their role in this achievement. This research tests the hypothesis that the locus of control, income, financial knowledge, financial behaviour and financial position of the citizens are causally related. The research methodology is typical to the empirical studies using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The evidence collected from randomly chosen 204 respondents supported five out of seven hypotheses which indicated that internal locus of control, financial knowledge, financial behaviour and financial position were causally related. For policy implementation, it is imperative that household of a country should be educated in terms of financial knowledge to control the financial behaviour which affects the financial position.
Evaluation of Gender Equality Criteria Related to Social Sustainability in Ports
Authors: Sanrı Özlem
Published: August 2022

Ports are developing sustainability frameworks in order to cope with latest requirements from the stakeholders. Economic, environmental and social dimensions of sustainability are the three pillars of the topic. Although economic and environmental aspects of sustainability in ports are widely researched in the literature, the social dimension of gender equality research is scarce. To fill the gap, it is important to identify the most important efforts for improving gender equality in ports. The aim of this study is to evaluate the gender equality criterias by port executives in terms of social sustainability. For this purpose, one of the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods, Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) was used to evaluate the priority weights of five criterias in Turkey.  The results show that recruitment policy is the most important criteria in the field. Therefore, some suggestions are made to port industry to become more socially sustainable by minimizing the gender gap.
Determinants of Stock Market Indices: An Analysis of Emerging Markets of Brazil, Mexico, Russia, and Turkey
Authors: Yılmaz Hülya , İlhan Bülent
Published: August 2022

This paper investigates the dynamic relationship between the stock market index and a set of macroeconomic variables in four emerging countries. The dependent variable measures monthly stock exchange points of respective markets from January 2010 to March 2021. Independent variables consist of the 5-Year bond yields, CDS Premiums, VIX Futures, gold price, MSCI Emerging Market Index, and Oil Prices. Since the dependent and independent variables have a cointegrating relationship, we conducted our analyses in both the short and long term. Findings indicated that CDS premiums, oil and gold prices have a negative, while VIX and MSCI have a positive effect on the stock index in the long term. On the other hand, bond yields and the COVID-19 have a negative while MSCI has a positive effect in the short term. In addition, the long-term effects are much evident in Brazil and Russia. The speed of adjustment to the long-term equilibrium in the stock market index is much higher in Turkey and Mexico.
Under the microscope of Bezpieka. The apparatus of repression against the Germans in the Western and Northern Territories during the communist era, collective work edited by Michał Mathea, Dom Współpracy Polsko-Niemieckiej / Haus der Deutsch-Polnischen Zusammenarbeit, Gliwice-Opole 2020, p. 206.
Authors: Syrwid Robert
Published: August 2022

Artykuł recenzyjny publikacji zbiorowej poświęconej działaniom aparatu bezpieczeństwa wobec ludności niemieckiej, pozostałej na ziemiach zachodnich i północnych państwa polskiego w latach 1945-1989. Praca zawiera pięć tekstów autorstwa czterech badaczy reprezentujących ośrodki akademickie w Słupsku i Wrocławiu oraz Oddziały Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej w Gdańsku i Wrocławiu. W artykułach przedstawiono i omówiono najważniejsze kierunki, metody i formy działania aparatu represji państwa komunistycznego podejmowane wobec Niemców - ale także częściowo i polskiej ludności rodzimej - na tzw. Ziemiach Odzyskanych w okresie Polski Ludowej i PRL. Poruszana problematyka obejmuje terytorialnie obszar Dolnego Śląska, Ziemi Lubuskiej, Pomorza Zachodniego, Pomorza Gdańskiego oraz Warmii i Mazur.
"Echoes of the 1951 Gryfice and Drawsko incidents in Warmia and Mazury in the light of the materials of the KW PZPR and WUBP in Olsztyn (part 1)"
Authors: Gross Radosław
Published: August 2022

Najpoważniejszy kryzys w polityce rolnej władz komunistycznych w Polsce był skutkiem ujawnienia w 1951 r. brutalnych metod skupu zboża i kolektywizacji wsi stosowanych w powiecie gryfickim i drawskim. Podobne metody, choć nie tak brutalne, stosowano także w innych regionach kraju. Wydarzenia te odbiły się w Polsce głośnym echem, w tym także na Warmii i Mazurach, w efekcie czego załamała się na kilka miesięcy polityka stalinowska wobec wsi, zahamowany został proces jej kolektywizacji. Publikowane dokumenty (część 1) przedstawiają reakcję wojewódzkich struktur władzy na wypadki gryfickie, a także opisują sytuację na wsi w poszczególnych powiatach województwa olsztyńskiego. Opór chłopów przeciwko nowej polityce rolnej był się na tyle silny, że najczęstszą metodą egzekwowania narzuconych świadczeń i skłaniania chłopów do wstępowania do spółdzielni produkcyjnych, było użycie środków siłowych.
CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF BIOMATERIALS USED IN DIFFERENT ENDODONTIC PROCEDURES-CASE SERIES
Authors: BAŞ Aybike , ÇELİKEL Periş , ŞİMŞEK DERELİOĞLU Sera
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Endodontic treatment may be required for the permanent teeth due to different reasons in childhood. Biological materials such as MTA and Biodentine® have started to be used nowadays in different endodontic treatment. Studies have shown that these materials stimulated the formation of new vascularized tissue in the apical of mature teeth with necrotic pulp and with periapical lesions. In addition, MTA and Biodentine® are preferred in direct and indirect pulp capping due to their properties such as biocompatibility and impermeability.

Purpose:

The aim of this study is to examine the teeth clinically and radiologically after the use of Biodentine® and MTA as a barrier on the pulp capping, Cvek pulpotomy and regenerative endodontic treatment.

Case Series:

Case 1: A 12-year-old girl presented at our clinic with complaints of intermittent pain and cold sensitivity in her tooth #16. Direct pulp capping was performed with MTA.

Case 2: An 7-year-old boy with a trauma associated complicated crown fracture in his tooth #11 was admitted to our clinic. Cvek pulpotomy was performed with Biodentine®.

Case 3: An 8-year-old girl with trauma associated crown fracture in her tooth #11 was admitted to our clinic. Regenerative endodontic treatment was applied with Biodentine®.

Case 4: Indirect pulp capping was performed with MTA to a 7-year-old boy admitted to our clinic with the complaint of cold sensitivity in his tooth # 46.

Conclusion:

Today, the success rate is high in vital pulp treatments with newly developed materials such as MTA and Biodentine®. In addition, root development continues after regenerative endodontic treatments with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) or Biodentine® in non-vital and open-apex teeth.
POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS FOR EARLY DETECTION OF ORAL CANCER: LEPTIN AND ADIPONECTIN
Authors: ÖZER Nezaket Ezgi , TETİK Aslı , KARACA Betül , VERAL Ali , GÜNERİ Pelin
Published: August 2022

Aim: To determine adiponectin and leptin expression levels in samples from healthy, dysplastic and cancerous oral lesions and to investigate the potential role of these biomarkers in oral cancer development.

Methods: Tissue samples from the archives which were histologically diagnosed as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) (n=24), oral dysplasia (n=12) and healthy tissue (n=16) were included. The concentration and purity of samples were determined after total RNA extraction. Thereafter, cDNA synthesis was performed. The differences between expression levels were evaluated with qPCR. Expression levels related to OSCC were performed according to normalizing gene ACTB. 2-ΔΔCT method was used for comparison of expression levels. Student t-test was used to compare the differences in gene expression levels between groups, using 2-ΔΔCT value for each gene.

Results: Adiponectin and leptin expression levels were decreased by 1.09 (p = 0.49) and 10.3 (p = 0.22), respectively, in OSCC group, however differences were not statistically significant. The level of adiponectin expression decreased by 1.65 times (p = 0.62) and leptin expression increased by 3 times (p = 0.30) in the dysplasia group. When OSCC and dysplasia groups were compared, it was found that the level of adiponectin expression increased by 1.52 times (p = 0.99) and the level of leptin expression decreased by 30.94 times (p = 0.16) in the OSCC group. The samples were re-grouped as increased risk (OSCC+dysplasia) (n=36) and healthy (n=16) and a decrease by 16.5 (p= 0.3) in leptin expression and an increase by 1.14 (p= 0.6) in adiponectin expression was observed in the increased risk group compared to the healthy group.

Conclusion: In tissue samples diagnosed as healthy, dysplastic and OSCC, expression levels for leptin and adiponectin have not been compared before. The results revealed a significant decrease in leptin expression and an increase in adiponectin expression in increased risk group.