bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN KECANDUAN GAME ONLINE DENGAN POLA TIDUR PADA REMAJA PUTRA
Authors: Erin Padilla Siregar
Published: November 2023

Game online adalah game atau permainan dimana banyak yang dapat bermain pada waktu yang sama dengan melalui jaringan komunikasi online. Kecanduan game online yang dialami saat usia remaja, bisa mempengaruhi sisi aspek sosial remaja dalam menjalani kehidupan sehari- hari. Menurut WHO (World Health Organization) kurang lebih 18% dari penduduk dunia pernah mengalami susah tidur, sehingga menyebabkan tekanan jiwa bagi para penderitanya.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kecanduan game online dengan pola tidur pada remaja putra di dusun III desa bakaran batu kecamatan batang kuis kabupaten deli serdang, Penelitan ini bersifat deskriptik analitik yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tentang realitas pada obyek yang diteliti secara objekif tentang hubungan kecanduan game online terhadap pola tidur pada remja putra di dusun III desa bakaran batu. Penelitian dilakukan mulai Maret sampai Agustus dengan populasi sebanyak 87 responden dan sampel seluruh responden dijadikan menjadi sampel (total sampling) denganinstrument berupa kuesioner.Pengelolaan data dengan cara editing, coding, tabulating dan data entry hasil penelitian yang pola tidurnya terganggu kecanduan game onlineterdapat 32 responden (52,5%) remaja yang pola tidurnya terganggu tidak kecanduan game online 29 responden (47,5%) dan remaja yang pola tidurnya tidak terganggu kecanduan game online 23 responden (88,5%) remaja yang pola tidurnya tidak terganggu tidak kecanduan game online 3 responden (11,5%).Hasil penelitian.Dari hasil uji statistik di peroleh nilai Odd Ratio (OR) = 0,039. 95% CI = 0,039-0,530 dan P value 0,003 < 0,05 yang artinya ada hubungan signifikan antara kecanduangame online terhadap pola tidur.Diharapkan dapat memanfaatkan waktu sebaik mungkin dan membatasi dalam bermain game online sehingga dapat terpenuhinya kebutuhan tidur
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TINGKATAN PREEKLAMPSIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI RSUD KOJA JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Hafsa Mohamed Mohamud  , Istianah Surury
Published: November 2023

Preeklamsia pada ibu hamil merupakan keadaan dimana gangguan kehamilan yang ditandai oleh tekanan darah tinggi dan kandungan protein yang tinggi dalam urine dan umumnya terjadi pada usia kehamilan ≥20 minggu yang merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas perinatal di Indonesia. Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) masih didominasi oleh tiga penyebab utama kematian yaitu perdarahan sebesar 30,13%, preeklamsia 27,1%, dan infeksi sebesar 7,3%. Pada tahun 2015, AKI di Provisi DKI Jakarta mencapai 10% preeklamsia berat, 10% perdarahan post-partum dan 4,7% infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian tingkat preeklamsia pada ibu hamil di RSUD Koja, Jakarta Utara periode Januari-Desember 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik sederhana dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi berjumlah 705 ibu hamil dengan preeklamsia dan sampel yang didapatkan berjumlah 394 ibu hamil dengan preeklamsia. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik random sampling dan alat dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian univariat dari faktor ibu didapatkan Riwayat Hipertensi sebanyak 186 responden (47,2%), Diabetes sebanyak 151 responden (38,3%), Kehamilan Ganda sebanyak 40 responden (10,2%), Umur Ibu <20/<35 tahun sebanyak 164 responden (41,6%), Primigravida sebanyak 135 responden (34,3%) dan Obesitas sebanyak 203 responden (51,5%). Hasil penelitian bivariat didapatkan tidak ada hubungan preeklamsia dengan kejadian antara lain Riwayat Hipertensi (p value= 0,387), Diabetes (p value= 0,268), Kehamilan Ganda (p value= 0.183), Umur Ibu (p value= 0.232), Primigravida (p value= 0.378), dan Obesitas (p value= 0.491). Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara preeklamsia dengan kejadian faktor Riwayat Hipertensi, Diabetes Kehamilan Ganda, Umur Ibu, Primigravida dan Obesitas.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN BEBAN KERJA TERHADAP KELENGKAPAN PENGISIAN EARLY WARNING SCORE (EWS) DI RS DR. SOETARTO YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Daryani  , Fitri Suciana  , Sri Sat Titi Hamranani  , Widayati
Published: November 2023

Tingginya angka kematian di rumah sakit saat ini menjadi perhatian utama dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Pasien yang berisiko mengalami perburukan kondisi klinis dapat meningkatkan mortalitas atau kejadian meninggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan Pengetahuan dan Beban Kerja terhadap Kelengkapan pengisian Early Warning Score (EWS) di RS Dr. Soetarto Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian adalah diskripsi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perawat di RS Dr. Soetarto Yogyakarta sebanyak 40 orang. teknik sampel adalah total sampling. Analisa data menggunakan chi square. Karakteristik responden meliputi rerata umur 35,53 tahun, sebagian besar responden dengan jenis kelamin perempuan, pendidikan sebagian besar D III Keperawatan dan masa kerja lebih dari 3 tahun. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut Pengetahuan perawat tentang EWS di RS TNI Dr. Soetarto Yogyakarta adalah baik, beban kerja perawat ringan atau rendah. Analisis lebih lanjut didapatkan hasil ada Ada hubungan pengetahuan (pv: 0,007) dan beban kerja (0,015) dengan kelengkapan pengisian EWS di RS TNI Dr. Soetarto Yogyakarta.
UPAYA PENURUNAN SESAK NAPAS PADA KLIEN ASMA DI RUMAH SAKIT TAMAN HUSADA BONTANG
Authors: Erliana Roos  , Ni Wayan Wiwin Asthiningsih
Published: November 2023

Asma adalah penyakit kronis pada saluran pernapasan yang ditandai dengan sesak akibat peradangan dan penyempitan pada saluiran napas. Tujuan studi kasus yang dilakukan dapat memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan sesak napas dengan melaporkan tindakan keperawatan nonfarmakologi terhadap penurunan sesak. Metode yang digunakan penulis adalah metode deskriptif dengan pemaparan studi kasus melalui pendekatan asuhan keperawatanyakni pengkajian, penegakkan diagnosa keperawatan, perencanaan, implementasi, dan evaluasi keperawatan. Tindakan keperawatan yang dilakukan pada klien selama 2x24 jam dengan asma adalah mengajarkan teknik nonfarmakologi untuk mrnurunkan sesak yaitu menganjurkan klien untuk memilih posisi yang nyaman dengan memberikan posisi semi fowler, mengajarkan klien batuk efektif. Masalah sesak teratasi namun diperlukan adanya perawatan lebihlanjut dan dukungan dari keluarga untuk meminimalkan kambuhnya penyakit.
ABOUT THE FEATURES OF INTONATION DEVELOPMENT IN THOMAS ADES’S OPERA “THE TEMPEST”
Authors: Володягина Д.А.
Published: November 2023

В фокусе статьи находится опера «Буря» современного британского композитора Томаса Адеса, в 2004 году пополнившая список выдающихся музыкальных воплощений известного шекспировского сюжета. Одновременно с очевидными свежестью и сложностью музыкального языка сочинения, оперный театр «The Tempest» оказывается во многом традиционен в драматическом и композиционном планах. Сольные, ансамблевые и хоровые эпизоды составляют органичное целое, скреплённое приметой поствагнеровской оперы: интонационным сюжетом произведения (термин Н. И. Дегтяревой). В статье показано, что в опере Адеса «Буря» этот сюжет выстраивается с помощью развития и взаимодействия лейткомплексов (основных персонажей и ключевых явлений) и лейтэмблем (основных персонажей и важных топонимов), выявляя симфоничность мышления композитора.

The article focuses on the opera «The Tempest» by the contemporary British composer Thomas Adès. In 2004 «The Tempest» joined the list of outstanding musical embodiments of the famous Shakespearean plot. Simultaneously with the obvious freshness and complexity of the music language of the composition, the opera theater «The Tempest» turns out to be largely traditional in dramatic and compositional terms. Solo, ensemble and choral episodes form an organic influenced by the post-Wagner opera the intonation plot of the work (the term of N. I. Degtyareva [1]). This study shows that in the opera «The Tempest» by Ades the plot is built through the development and interaction of leitcomplexes (main characters and key phenomena) and leitembles (main characters and important toponyms), revealing the symphonic thinking of the composer.
Motion along Nares Strait recorded in the Lincoln Sea: aeromagnetic evidence
Authors: Kovacs Louis C.
Published: November 2023

Detailed low-level aeromagnetic data taken over the Lincoln Sea and surrounding regions are discussed in an attempt to explain the evolution of the area and its relation to the possible movement of North America and Greenland along Nares Strait. A depth-to-source analysis of the data delineates a major northeastward extension of the Nares Strait extending to the western edge of the Morris Jesup Rise, and identified here as the Arctic Ocean portion of the Wegener Fault or Fracture Zone. Two regions of moderate amplitude, short wavelength anomalies characterized by shallow (< 2 km) magnetic basement are delineated, one to the north of Ellesmere Island and the other to the northwest of the Morris Jesup Rise, as well as a steep escarpment paralleling the Wegener Fault and forming the northwest boundary of a deep, sediment-filled basin. A plate tectonic analysis of these data suggests that the hot spot responsible for the formation of the Morris Jesup Rise-Yermak Plateau in the late Eocene and early Oligocene and the Kap Washington Group volcanics at about the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary was also active in the late Cretaceous. During this period, prior to any strike-slip movement of Greenland along Nares Strait, a single, Iceland-like volcanic massif was formed north of Greenland and Ellesmere Island contemporaneously with postulated sea-floor spreading in the Makarov Basin. Sinistral movement of North America from Greenland along Nares Strait, and along a second "Ellesmere Fracture Zone" extending northeast through the massif from the edge of the Ellesmere Island shelf then led to the formation in early Tertiary time of a deep sediment-filled basin due to thinning and foundering of the crust northeast of Nares Strait, the emplacement of the western half of the massif between Lomonosov Ridge and Ellesmere Island, and of the eastern half of the massif just west of the Morris Jesup Rise. A shift in the hot spot to the east then led, with the initiation of spreading in the Eurasia Basin, to the later formation of the Morris Jesup Rise and Yermak Plateau. A total left-lateral displacement of about 250 km between these features is noted, similar to the amount suggested along Nares Strait by other geophysical work in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea.
Satellite magnetic field over the Nares Strait region
Authors: Langel Robert A. , Thorning Leif
Published: November 2023

The general characteristics of the total field magnetic anomalies from satellite data over the region adjacent to Nares Strait are briefly described. The interpretation of satellite data is still at an early stage, but it is favoured that the regional anomalies in this region reflect variations in composition and/or structure in the lower crust related to the lnnuitian Ellesmere-Greenland mobile belt. An elongated negative anomaly occurs over Ellesmere Island parallel to the Innuitian mobile belt and to Nares Strait. This negative anomaly separates major magnetic highs over northern Greenland and the Alpha Ridge of the Canada Basin. The magnetic contrast is interpreted to represent either a change in the thickness of the Precambrian crust or apetrologic change brought about during the formation of the Innuitian mobile belt.
Borderline hypernatraemia and mortality rates in South African infants: A single-centre observational study
Authors: Naka N , Solomon F , Madhi S A , Izu A , Pettifor J M , Dangor Z , Lala S G
Published: November 2023

Background. In children, hypernatraemia occurs most commonly in infants (younger than 1 year). Although hypernatraemia is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates, it is variably defined in the paediatric literature as either serum sodium ≥150 mmol/L or serum sodium >145 mmol/L. In hospitalised adults, a serum sodium level >145 mmol/L but <150 mmol/L (called borderline hypernatraemia) has recently been identified as an independent risk factor for mortality. There are limited data about a potential association between borderline hypernatraemia and mortality in infants. 
Objectives. To determine whether borderline hypernatraemia is associated with increased mortality in hospitalised infants. 
Methods. We conducted a single-centre, retrospective observational study of 8 343 infants admitted to a tertiary-level academic hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa, of whom 254 had borderline hypernatraemia, 376 had hypernatraemia (serum sodium ≥150 mmol/L), and 7 713 did not have hypernatraemia. Mortality rates were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). 
Results. In 254 infants with borderline hypernatraemia, 115 (45.3%) were neonates (≤28 days old) and 140 (55.1%) were male. In 139 infants >28 days old with borderline hypernatraemia, the mortality rate (n=9/139; 6.5%) was significantly higher than the mortality rate observed in infants without hypernatraemia (n=194/5 857; 3.3%) (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.03 - 3.98). 
Conclusion. Borderline hypernatraemia may be a risk factor associated with higher mortality in hospitalised infants. Prospective studies are required to determine whether borderline hypernatraemia contributes independently to mortality risk in hospitalised infants.
An audit of electronic discharge summaries of neonates admitted with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy to tertiary hospitals in [City], 2018–2019.
Authors: Afolabi K M , Van der Byl A , Joubert G
Published: November 2023

Background. A discharge summary may be the only available health record for a patient, especially in resource-limited settings with suboptimal record-keeping. Considering the risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes secondary to hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) and litigation, the quality of summaries for neonates with HIE is particularly important. 
Objectives. To audit electronic discharge summaries of neonates admitted with HIE to two tertiary hospitals in [City], South Africa. 
Methods. A retrospective, quantitative study was conducted. Electronic discharge summaries of late preterm and term neonates with HIE, admitted in 2018 and 2019 were audited for relevant information: final diagnosis, birth history, clinical evaluation, management, investigations, plan at discharge, and counselling of parents. 
Results. Of the 165 identified cases, 34 (20.6%) were excluded. Ten patients did not have electronic discharge summaries. Details of the other 24 cases in admission registers were incomplete. The final diagnosis of HIE appeared in 87 (66.4%) of 131 audited summaries. More than half (52.7%) lacked correct ICD-10 coding for HIE. Information on foetal distress and sentinel events was absent in 61.1% and 42.0%. Requirement for resuscitation was recorded in 90.8% of summaries. Performance of cardiac compressions and adrenaline administration were not specified in 46.6% and 54.2%. Admission blood gas results, particularly base deficit, lactate and glucose, were absent in 42.7%, 63.4% and 90.8% of summaries. Eligibility for therapeutic hypothermia was not captured in 41.2%. Cranial ultrasound, neuro-imaging, exclusion of meningitis, or multisystem involvement was not mentioned in 80.9%, 99.2%, 80.2% and 96.2%, respectively. Notes on counselling of parents were lacking (83.2%). Final cause of death was unspecified in 12 of 14 (85.7%) patients who died. 
Conclusion. Discharge summaries of neonates at risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes secondary to HIE lacked essential information. Quality improvement and regular auditing of patient records must be prioritised.
Vers une conceptualisation de l’anxiété de performance au travail
Authors: Maheu Lauriane , Longpré Philippe , Richard Sandrine
Published: November 2023

Plusieurs situations courantes en contexte de travail sont propices à l’expérience d’anxiété de performance. Toutefois, les connaissances sur l’anxiété de performance en milieu de travail sont encore limitées. Notamment, dans la littérature, aucune des définitions ne semble bien représenter ce phénomène complexe. Cet article tente donc une première conceptualisation de l’anxiété de performance au travail en se basant sur la littérature actuelle. Plus précisément, une analyse de différentes définitions et échelles portant sur l’anxiété de performance dans divers domaines a été réalisée. La conceptualisation proposée est composée de quatre dimensions, soient les manifestations somatiques, cognitives, comportementales et affectives. Cette conceptualisation opérationalisable permettra de poursuivre les travaux des auteurs qui souhaitent développer une échelle de mesure.
Deliberative Mini-Publics as a Democratic Alternative: The Normative Desirability, Technical Feasibility, and Political Viability of Sortition
Authors: Solé Delgado Victoria
Published: November 2023

Mini-públicos deliberativos como una alternativa democrática: la deseabilidad normativa, factibilidad técnica y viabilidad política del sorteo 
Abstract: Democratic societies are currently facing a legitimacy crisis, as evidenced by citizens’ distrust towards political institutions and parties, as well as the emergence of anti-democratic responses. To address this crisis some civil society actors and scholars have proposed alternatives based on radical egalitarian principles that can be classified as “real utopias”. To overcome the contradiction between utopia and reality, these alternatives need to extend beyond what is considered normatively desirable and must also be both technically feasible and politically viable. This paper aims to analyze sortition and mini-publics as one of those alternatives. 
Resumen: La emergencia de propuestas antidemocráticas y la desconfianza ciudadana hacia los partidos e instituciones políticas reflejan la crisis de legitimidad que atraviesan actualmente las sociedades democráticas. Para abordar esta crisis, algunos actores de la sociedad civil e investigadoras/es han propuesto alternativas basadas en principios igualitarios radicales que pueden ser clasificadas como “utopías reales”. Para superar la contradicción entre utopía y realidad, dichas alternativas deben extenderse más allá de lo normativamente deseable y deben ser también técnicamente factibles y políticamente viables. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar el sorteo y los mini-públicos como una de esas alternativas.
Entre la identidad y la ideología: factores de riesgo de violencia electoral para las candidaturas a las elecciones legislativas del 2022 en Colombia
Authors: Duque Salazar Juan Diego , Salazar Escalante Luisa
Published: November 2023

Objetivo/contexto: el presente artículo identifica los perfiles de las candidaturas que fueron más propensas a reportar hechos de violencia electoral durante las elecciones legislativas de 2022. Para esto, definimos el concepto de violencia electoral, revisamos la literatura nacional e internacional sobre el fenómeno e identificamos dos aspectos relevantes como factores de riesgo. Primero, atendemos a las características relacionadas con la identidad, como la edad, el sexo y la pertenencia étnica de las candidaturas. Segundo, exploramos las características relacionadas con la posición política, por ejemplo, identificarse como candidatura de izquierda. Metodología: para realizar el análisis utilizamos una encuesta de 512 candidaturas a las elecciones legislativas diseñada por los autores e implementada en colaboración con la Misión de Observación Electoral (MOE). Con estos datos realizamos modelos de regresión lineal para identificar las características de las candidaturas más asociadas a las diferentes formas de violencia electoral reportadas en campaña. Conclusiones: identificamos que los factores de identidad, particularmente ser candidato joven, mujer y de una zona de conflicto armado, están más asociados con el reporte de hechos de violencia electoral. Sorpresivamente, no encontramos una asociación estadísticamente significativa con candidaturas que se reconocieron como de izquierda, como afirma la literatura nacional e internacional sobre el fenómeno. Este hallazgo es preliminar, debido a que la muestra posee una subrepresentación de las candidaturas de los extremos ideológicos, por lo que este resultado debe ser explorado con mayor profundidad en futuras investigaciones. Originalidad: aunque los estudios de violencia electoral abundan, pocos se enfocan en los competidores; esta es la primera vez en Colombia que se hace una encuesta a candidaturas que indaga sobre formas de violencia electoral que van más allá de las violencias físicas, como la violencia psicológica, la económica y la sexual.
Bacteria Are a Major Determinant of Orsay Virus Transmission and Infection in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Vassallo Brian G. , Scheidel Noémie , Fischer Sylvia E. J. , Kim Dennis H.
Published: November 2023

The microbiota is a key determinant of the physiology and antiviral immunity of animal hosts. The factors governing the transmissibility of viruses between susceptible hosts are incompletely understood. Bacteria serve as food for
Caenorhabditis elegans
and represent an integral part of the natural environment of
C. elegans.
We determined the effects of bacteria isolated with
C. elegans
from its natural environment on the transmission of Orsay virus in
C. elegans
using quantitative virus transmission and host susceptibility assays. We observed that
Ochrobactrum
species promoted Orsay virus transmission, whereas
Pseudomonas lurida
MYb11 attenuated virus transmission relative to the standard laboratory bacterial food
Escherichia coli
OP50. We found that pathogenic
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
strains PA01 and PA14 further attenuated virus transmission. We determined that the amount of Orsay virus required to infect 50% of a
C. elegans
population on
P. lurida
MYb11 compared with
Ochrobactrum vermis
MYb71 was dramatically increased, over three orders of magnitude. Host susceptibility was attenuated even further in presence of
P. aeruginosa
PA14. Genetic analysis of the determinants of
P. aeruginosa
required for attenuation of
C. elegans
susceptibility to Orsay virus infection revealed a role for regulators of quorum sensing. Our data suggest that distinct constituents of the
C. elegans
microbiota and potential pathogens can have widely divergent effects on Orsay virus transmission, such that associated bacteria can effectively determine host susceptibility versus resistance to viral infection. Our study provides quantitative evidence for a critical role for tripartite host-virus-bacteria interactions in determining the transmissibility of viruses among susceptible hosts.
Nordic Humour
Authors: Lundquist Lita
Published: November 2023

Starting from my former empirical studies but supplemented with fresh fictional “data” from Lars von Trier’s latest TV series Riget Exodus (2022), I first describe how Danes use humour in very characteristic ways, also in cross-cultural professional settings. Next, I explain not only Danish humour but all national humour with the notion of humour socialisation, which integrates and combines national humour with the national language on the one hand, and the specific national process of civilisation on the other hand. Moving to Nordic humour, I focus on how Danes and Swedes perceive each other’s humour, and then explain divergences between the humour of these two Nordic countries. These differences, I conclude, are the result mainly of differences in their respective civilising processes, while I am waiting and hoping for deeper comparative linguistic studies of the use of ‘humour warning signals in Danish and Swedish.
Testing Open Science Tools
Authors: Viitanen Essi
Published: November 2023

Data management plans (DMP) are an intrinsic part of planning for and implementing openness in scientific research. DMPs contain integral information on research projects: IT requirements, legal and ethical considerations and strategies for opening data. However, all too often, the DMP is seen as a chore drawn up at the request of external funders rather than a tool adopted for the benefit of project members. Similarly, the information gathered into DMPs is rarely utilised by other stakeholders such as institutional research services, nor linked to external parties such as data repositories.
Machine-actionable DMPs aim to change this landscape by offering better guidance and support for researchers preparing their plans, and facilitating a research data management system that allows data and information to be shared across institutions and repositories. In fact, one of the recommendations of the EOSC Nordic project, which studied FAIR incentives and expected impact in the Nordics, Baltics and EOSC, was the implementation of machine-actionable DMPs for seamless information workflow and supporting FAIR adoption in everyday research work.
Tools such as Data Stewardship Wizard and Argos do this by taking researchers through a set of simple structural questions on research data management from which answers are exported into funder templates resulting in downloadable DMP documents. These machine-actionable online tools transform  tick-the-box answers that are easy to fill in into full-text DMPs that comply with funder requirements.
This poster introduces a pilot project testing the Data Stewardship Wizard and localising its Knowledge Template to the needs of Aalto University. It presents the project’s findings and stages, including the process of creating a template for the Research Council of Finland DMPs and testing the tool with researchers. In doing so, it examines machine-actionable DMPs from a practice-based perspective and comments on the process of institutional implementation.
It’s the incentives, stupid!
Authors: Longva Leif , Smedsrød Bård
Published: November 2023

Watch VIDEO.
From 2004, a new incentives system for scholarly publishing was introduced in Norway. Part of the funding of the HE institutions has since been based on the amount of scholarly publishing produced per institution, as recorded in the Norwegian CRIS system, Cristin. And the incentives worked. Publishing increased more rapidly in Norway than in comparable countries, over the years following 2004 (Aagard et al. 2014).
But the sheer number of journal articles, anthologies and monographs is not necessarily what best brings science forward. And now the Norwegian government has announced that the publishing count will be dropped from the funding scheme (Meld. St. 14). Thus, we suggest that the right move would be to instead direct the incentives to stimulate good, transparent open science research practice.
The advantages of open science, both for further research advancement and the benefit to society, are well documented (Miedema 2022). This includes early and obstacle-free access to research output in terms of articles, peer review reports and commentaries, as well as access to the research processes with preregistration and registered reports, methods and protocols, as well as FAIR research data that enables reproducible research.
So, what is needed is an incentive system that stimulates such research practices. We suggest an incentive system, through the funding schemes of the institutions. This should favour institutions that follow open science practices. The institutions will thus be incentivized to stimulate open science, and identify and remove possible bottlenecks in their organisations that may hamper execution of open science. As employers of researchers as well as support staff, the managers of the institutions will look for ways to optimize local incentives, and also how their organisation may be designed, to best live up to the ideals of open science practices.
Based on the above, we suggest a systematic evaluation of each HE institution, to document how well they practice such openness in their research. To accomplish this a list of criteria that can be easily monitored and objectively evaluated is needed. Several of the open research output parameters should be easy to monitor and measure through a reporting system. The evaluation should also acknowledge that necessary limitations to open processes and outputs exists, and thus avoid biases between institutions due to the nature of their research.
Incentives directed towards the institutional level to stimulate open research practices will motivate the management to stimulate their organisation in the desired direction.
Role of Pink1-mediated mitophagy in adenomyosis
Authors: Chen Minmin , Wang Wei , Fu Xianyun , Yi Yongli , Wang Kun , Wang Meiling
Published: November 2023

Abstract Background

Recent studies indicate that endometrial hypoxia plays a critical role in adenomyosis (AM) development. Mitochondria are extremely sensitive to hypoxic damage, which can result in both morphological and functional impairment. Mitophagy is a crucial mechanism for preserving mitochondrial quality by selectively removing damaged mitochondria, thus ensuring the proper functioning of the entire mitochondrial network. In response to hypoxia, PINK1 is activated as a regulator of mitophagy, but its role in AM requires further study.

Objective

To explore the potential mechanism of mitophagy mediated by PINK1 in the pathogenesis of AM.

Method

The study compared PINK1, Parkin, OPTIN, P62, and NDP52 protein expression levels in patients with or without AM using clinical specimens and an AM mouse model. Pathological changes were compared using HE staining. Immunofluorescence and western blot were used to detect protein expression levels. Endometrial stromal cells (ESC) were isolated and examined for mitophagy, protein expression level, and cell invasion ability.

Results

Both the endometrial tissue from patients with AM and AM ESC displayed an upregulation of protein levels for PINK1, Parkin, OPTIN, P62, and NDP52 when compared with the control group. Then, HE staining confirmed the successful establishment of the AM mouse model. Moreover, the ultrastructural analysis using transmission electron microscopy revealed that AM mice’s endometrial glandular epithelial and stromal cells had exhibited swollen, deformed, and reduced mitochondria along with an increase in the number of lysosomes and mitochondrial autophagosomes. The protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, OPTIN, P62, and NDP52 in uterine tissue from AM mice were noticeably increased, accompanied by a considerable upregulation of ROS levels compared to the control group. In addition, cells in the AM group showed remarkably elevated mitophagy and invasion potentials compared to the control group. In contrast, the cell invasion ability decreased following PINK1 knockdown using the RNA interference technique.

Conclusion

The high levels of PINK1-mediated mitophagy have been found in AM. The upregulation in mitophagy contributes to mitochondrial damage, which may result in the abnormal invasion characteristic of AM.
Conventional Adenomatous Polyps: Study of Histomorphological Features Using a Novel Scoring System
Authors: Nilekani Anvita , Vani BR , Samreen Asma , Murthy V Srinivasa
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Conventional adenomatous polyps are dysplastic proliferations that arise from the surface of the mucosa and grow in a top-down fashion. Dysplasia is graded as low-grade and high-grade using a two-tiered grading system. Aim: To grade the dysplasia in conventional adenomatous polyps by applying a novel scoring system. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, ESIC Medical College and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and Research (PGIMSR), Rajajinagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. A total of 46 cases reported as conventional adenomatous polyps were reviewed from January 2020 to June 2022. A cytological grading system was applied, evaluating eight parameters consisting of architectural and cytological features. Each parameter was scored, resulting in a total score ranging from 8 to 24. The final diagnosis was determined based on the histological pattern and the total cytological score. The results were tabulated in an excel sheet and analysed using mean, standard deviation, percentage, and frequency tables. The relationship between the independent variables was evaluated using the Chi-square test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the 46 cases, most presented in the 4th decade of life 12 (32.61%) cases. The mean age of presentation was 54.56±11.91 years (mean±SD) with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1. The most common site was the sigmoid colon 17 (36.96%) cases. There were 26 cases of low-grade dysplasia with a mean score of 9.1 and 20 cases of high-grade dysplasia with a mean score of 15.2. The most common type was tubular adenoma with low-grade dysplasia 24 (52.17%) cases and a mean cytological score of 9. The high-grade dysplasia in tubular adenomas 7 (15.22%) cases, tubulovillous adenomas 11 (23.19%) cases, and villous adenomas 2 (4.35%) cases had mean scores of 13.3, 15.2, and 18, respectively. Conclusion: Dysplasia in adenomatous polyps is an independent risk factor for malignancy. The cytological scoring system helps in accurately diagnosing the grade of dysplasia and simplifies the process. The present study emphasizes the need for objective criteria, paving the way for implementing relevant surveillance and clinical protocols.
Optimization of the Traditional Process of Oil Extraction from Sardine Viscera (Sardina pilchardus) in the Far North Region-Cameroon by the Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Chimi Bill Jaures , Ghomdim Horliane Nzali , Ngangoum Eric Serge , Djiazet Stève , Kapseu César , Tchiegang Clergé
Published: November 2023

Aims: Sardina pilchardus is a fish highly found in rivers and lakes in the Far-North region of Cameroon. This work aimed at optimizing the traditional extraction parameters in order to improve the quality and yield of oil.

Methodology: A central composite design was used to study the effect of processing (cooking time, viscera/water ratio and settling time) on the extraction yield and quality of oil. The yield and quality of the oil obtained were compared to the traditional extraction method.

Results: It appears that the cooking and the settling times increased the extraction yield. The cooking time, the viscera/water ratio and their interactions reduced the acid value. The viscera/water ratio contributed to the reduction of the peroxide value. Optimal condition was found to be at cooking time of 17.02min, viscera/water ratio of 100:152.86g/mL, settling time of 95.59 min, at the temperature of 95°C. The optimized processing conditions improved the extraction yield by 10 to 25%, an increase of 2.3 times compared to the traditional process and preserved the quality of the oil (acid value of 1.35 mg KOH /g oil and peroxide value of 1.20 meq O₂/kg oil).

Conclusion: The relationship between the actual and predicted data indicates that the response model was adequate to reflect the expected optimization. This will therefore help fish oil producers in the Far North region of Cameroon.
Effectiveness of Readers Theatre to Enhance English Reading Fluency in Fifth Grade: Action Research in Thrimshing Higher Secondary School
Authors: Kelzang  , Tshering Ngajay , Tshering Tsheten , Tshering Dendup
Published: November 2023

Researchers have identified the reading problem in the rural schools in Bhutan, and students hardly read English text. Therefore, researchers have resolved to conduct action research study to investigates the effectiveness of Readers Theatre as an intervention strategy to enhance reading fluency and motivation among fifth-grade students in the school. The researchers identified a decline in reading habits and fluency among students, particularly in English, despite recognizing the importance of reading for academic success and personal development.

A mixed-method design was employed, combining quantitative data collection through pre- and post-tests with qualitative insights from structured interviews from 24 participants. To enhance the reading fluency, Readers Theatre approach was integrated into exploring its potential impact on motivation and fluency.

The results indicate significant improvements in reading fluency among participants after the intervention, with many exceeding expectations. Qualitative data revealed that Readers Theatre not only improved reading skills but also engendered enthusiasm and confidence in reading. This study highlights the critical role of motivation in successful reading interventions, emphasising that motivated readers are more likely to become proficient ones. The findings underscore the importance of innovative and engaging reading strategies in fostering reading fluency and motivation. This research offers valuable insights for educators and policymakers, advocating for the adoption of such strategies to empower students with essential reading skills and cultivate a lifelong love for learning.
Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Screening of Artocarpus altilis: Guyana Flora Extracts
Authors: Tewari Brij Bhushan
Published: November 2023

The plant material leaves of Artocarpus altilis (Breadfruit) were collected from university of Guyana road, Cummings lodge, Guyana.  Leaves were dried in oven at 50-55 ºC for 72 h.  The moisture content is calculated.  The dried leaves were grounded and extracted in each acetone, ethanol and   methanol solvents.  Extracts were collected and evaporation of solvent was done on rotavapour.  The respective solvent was added to viscous semi solid liquid extract to make up the desired volume of extract solution. The antimicrobial and antifungal activity of both plants were examined by well diffusion method, poison plate method, paper disc plate method and streak plate methods. In Artocarpus altilis leaves extract studies, maximum and minimum antimicrobial potential was observed for methanol and acetone solvent extracts, respectively. All plant extracts showed   antimicrobial potential toward the organisms Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The phytochemical analysis of methanol leaves extract of breadfruit tested positive for flavonoids, terpinoids, phenol, phlobatannins, steroids and phytosteroids and negative for tannins, saponins , alkaloids and cardiac glycosides.
Optimum Sowing Window and Suitable Varieties for Cultivation Soybean (Glycine max L.) During Off-Season in Northern Telangana Zone
Authors: Mounika, U.  , Balaji Naik, B.  , Ramanjaneyulu, A. V.  , Pavan Chandra Reddy, K.
Published: November 2023

Aims: To identify the optimum sowing time and suitable varieties of soybean for profitable cultivation during the off-season in the Northern Telangana Agroclimatic zone of Telangana state in India.

Study Design:  Strip plot design with three replications.

Place and Duration of Study: The Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rudrur, Nizamabad District, Telangana state, India, between October 2022 and June 2023.

Methodology: The field experiment was conducted in medium clay loam soil under irrigated condition. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with three varieties viz., JS 335 (V1), ASB 22 (V2) and KDS 726 (V3) as horizontal strips and nine dates of sowings viz., 3 Oct (D1), 19 Oct (D2), 3 Nov (D3), 19 Nov (D4), 3 Dec (D5) 19 Dec (D6), 3 Jan (D7), 19 Jan (D8) and 3 Feb (D9) as vertical strips, replicated thrice. The seeds were sown by dibbling at 5 cm apart within the row and rows were space at 45 cm apart. Standard recommended package of practice of kharif season suggested by PJTSAU was followed. The data on growth yield attributes was recorded on selected 5 plant, averaged/ plant and grain yield was recorded from net plot, converted to one hectare and analyzed statistically using OP Stat.

Results: The results of the experiment revealed that, the cv. KDS 726 recorded the maximum plant height (35.2 cm) and biomass accumulation (8.93 g plant-1) which was significantly more over the cv. JS 335 and cv. ASB 22 in 3 Nov and 19 Oct sowings, respectively. The cultivars the cv. JS 335 (V1) recorded more number of pods over cv. ASB 22 (V2) and cv. KDS 726 (V3) in 19 Oct (D2), 3 Nov (D3), 19 Nov (D4), 3 Dec (D5) and 3 Jan (D7) sowings. The cv. KDS 726 (V3) was found superior in terms of seeds pod -1 (3.0) which was comparable to cv. JS 335 (V1) and significantly more over cv. ASB 22 (V2) when it was sown on 19 Oct (D2). The cv. KDS 726 (V3) recorded significantly more test weight (g) over cv. JS 335 (V1) and cv. ASB 22 (V2) from 19 Oct (D2) to 3 Jan (D7) sowings. The cv. ASB 22 sown on 3 Oct produced significantly more seed yield (753 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (1599 kg ha-1) over cv. JS 335 and cv. (KDS 726). 

Conclusion: The soybean cv. ASB 22 with sowing first week of Oct was found to be suitable for cultivation during the off season.
Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolated from 2019 to 2020 in a Tertiary Hospital in Dakar-Senegal
Authors: Thiam Farma , Diop Abdou , Ndiaye Babacar , Bèye Ndeye Maguette , Ndiaye Issa , Sow Ousmane , Ndiaye Magatte , Diallo Thierno Abdoulaye , Seck Abdoulaye
Published: November 2023

Background: Multi-resistant bacteria have emerged as a global threat to human health. In Africa, there are few data on AMR. The objective of this study was to determine antibiotic resistance profile of enterobacteria strains and prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated in a university hospital in the suburbs of Dakar.

Methods: Enterobacterales were isolated from a wide range of clinical specimens (urine, pus, blood, catheter tip and bronchoalveolar fluid) from inpatients and outpatients at Medical Biology Laboratory of National University Hospital Center of Pikine from November 2019 to October 2020. Enterobacterales were identified using API 20E. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with ATB G-EU (08) (bio Mérieuxs®) on all enterobacterales in accordance with CA-SFM/EUCAST 2020 guidelines.

Results: Of the 3422 different clinical specimens tested, 623 (17.1%) were culture positive. Enterobacteriaceae accounted for 57.6% (n=359) of the strains; Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were predominant isolates with 53.5% and 20.6% respectively. Seventy-four(%) strains of enterobacterales were ESBL. Antibiotic resistance patterns showed a prevalence of multidrug resistant strains of 32.6%. The most active antibiotics on isolates were imipenem (25%), followed by amikacin (15%), fosfomycin (12%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (10%).

Conclusion: High rates of ESBL and multidrug-resistant strains were found in both outpatients and inpatients. These results indicate need for an active surveillance system for antimicrobial resistance. Also, the application of good hospital hygiene practices and antibiotic therapy adapted to local data must be adopted.
Will Generative Artificial Intelligence Deliver on Its Promise in Health Care?
Authors: Wachter Robert M. , Brynjolfsson Erik
Published: November 2023

Importance

Since the introduction of ChatGPT in late 2022, generative artificial intelligence (genAI) has elicited enormous enthusiasm and serious concerns.

Observations

History has shown that general purpose technologies often fail to deliver their promised benefits for many years (“the productivity paradox of information technology”). Health care has several attributes that make the successful deployment of new technologies even more difficult than in other industries; these have challenged prior efforts to implement AI and electronic health records. However, genAI has unique properties that may shorten the usual lag between implementation and productivity and/or quality gains in health care. Moreover, the health care ecosystem has evolved to make it more receptive to genAI, and many health care organizations are poised to implement the complementary innovations in culture, leadership, workforce, and workflow often needed for digital innovations to flourish.

Conclusions and Relevance

The ability of genAI to rapidly improve and the capacity of organizations to implement complementary innovations that allow IT tools to reach their potential are more advanced than in the past; thus, genAI is capable of delivering meaningful improvements in health care more rapidly than was the case with previous technologies.
Anomalous Mitigation in Phase Evolution Impacting Thermal Stability in a Rapidly Solidified AA5182 Al–Mg Alloy via Continuous Thin‐Strip Casting
Authors: Pouraliakbar Hesam , Howells Andrew , Gallerneault Mark , Fallah Vahid
Published: November 2023

This study, for the first time, reports an anomalous phase evolution and its impact on the thermal and oxidation behavior of rapidly solidified AA5182 Al–Mg alloy strip fabricated using a novel thin‐strip (TS) continuous casting technique. The microstructural analysis reveals a through‐thickness gradient microstructure of distinct types, morphology, and fractions of nonequilibrium Al–Mn–Fe intermetallic and Al–Mg eutectic phases. The rapid solidification experienced in TS casting effectively mitigates the formation of phases, particularly with the Al–Mg (β‐Al3Mg2) eutectic, being nearly absent from the near‐surface regions. The total fraction of formed phases is considerably lower than that in the slowly cooled direct‐chill counterpart. The solute macrosegregation also shows an inverse Mg segregation profile toward the strip surface primarily due to a higher degree of matrix supersaturation closer to the strip surface. Modeling of solidification successfully predicts the influence of cooling rate on the fractions of the nonequilibrium eutectic phase, agreeing well with the experimental data obtained from image analysis. Heat treating the samples over a broad temperature range unveiled unexpected improvements in oxidation resistance and excellent thermal stability, attributed to the absence of the eutectic β‐phase in subsurface regions. The research findings have practical implications for improving the properties of sheet Al–Mg alloys.
Dual‐Functional Artificial Peroxidases with Ferriporphyrin Centers for Amplifying Tumor Immunotherapies via Immunogenic Cell Death
Authors: Wang Xingheng , Li Qian , Zhao Zhenyang , Yu Lanlan , Wang Sichun , Pu Hong , Adeli Mohsen , Qiu Li , Gu Peng , Li Ling , Cheng Chong
Published: November 2023

Constructing highly effective sonosensitizers that integrate tumor microenvironment (TME)‐adaptive and ultrasound (US)‐controllable production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to amplify tumor immunotherapies is extremely desirable but remains challenging. Here, inspired by the coordination structure and biocatalytic effects of Fe‐based peroxidase, a dual‐functional artificial peroxidase is synthesized with ferriporphyrin networks (FePorNW‐DAP) to serve a TME‐adaptive and US‐controllable ROS‐generator for amplifying tumor immunotherapies in breast cancer via immunogenic cell death. Owing to the structural advantages of the ferriporphyrin‐based large d–π‐conjugated networks with the monatomic Fe─N4 coordination center, moderate interaction with H2O2, and decreased bandgap, the FePorNW‐DAP displays efficient dual‐functional ROS production capabilities to combat tumor cells and amplify the tumor immunotherapies, 1) utilize locally produced H2O2 in the TME to catalytically generate potent •OH and other ROS species; simultaneously, 2) external US irradiation can further boost the generation of •OH and 1O2. This work provides not only critical evidence that the proposed dual‐functional artificial peroxidases can induce a strong antitumor immune response and immune memory but also offers essential guidance for creating a high‐performance and biocompatible strategy to regulate the immunosuppression TME and enhance the antitumor immune responses of breast cancer.