bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KESALAHAN FONOLOGI DAN SINTAKSIS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH KOTA MANADO
Authors: Nyaran Yudhistira N , Soga Zainuddin , Hadirman Hadirman , Tombong Alimudin Rivai
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi wujud kesalahan fonologi yang dilakukan oleh siswa dan mengidentifikasi wujud kesalahan sintaksis dalam pengunaan muana<ts| dan muzaka<r siswa di kelas VIII MTs Muhammadiyah Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian lapangan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penelitian yang dilakukan secara sistematis dengan mengangkat data yang ada di lapangan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa di kelas VIII MTs Muhammadiyah Manado yang berjumlah 15 orang. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah pengolahan data kemudian mendeskripsikan data dan menyimpulkan hasil dari teks bacaan untuk kesalahan fonologi dan soal tes untuk kesalahan sintaksis.Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan ialahkesalahan fonologi yang dilakukan siswa di kelas VIII MTs Muhammadiyah Manado adalah kesalahan pengucapan huruf pada kata yang ada di dalam teks bacaan, seperti/ذ/ menjadi /س/ ,/ج/. Huruf /ث/ menjadi /س/. Huruf/ظ/menjadi/ج/.Huruf  /ض/ menjadi /ظ/ dan/ج/. Huruf /ظ/ menjadi /ج/. Huruf /خ/menjadi /ح/. Kesalahan sintaksis yang ada pada siswa di kelas VIII MTs Muhammadiyah Manado adalah kesalahan pada pemilihan kata dalam satu kalimat. Ada dua jenis kesalahan sintaksis yang dilakukan siswa VIII MTs Muhammadiyah Manado yaitu kesalahan kalimat ambigu dan kesalahan kalimat ketidaktepatan dalam pemilihan kata.Kedua jenis kesalahan ini, siswa di kelas VIII melakukan kesalahan sintaksis yang paling dominan yaitu kesalahan kalimat ketidaktepatan dalam pemilihan kata dengan jumlah kesalahan 46.
Acculturation of Islam and Culture in Shalawat Ngelik and Mauludan in Pathok Negoro Mosque Mlangi Yogyakarta
Authors: Imawan Dzulkifli Hadi , Al Ghazali Muhammad Nurkhalid
Published: July 2023

This study describes the acculturation of Islam and local culture in Shalawat Ngelik and Kojan at the Maulidan Event at the Pathok Negoro Mlangi Mosque, Yogyakarta. Shalawat Ngelik is the recitation of Barjan's shalawat, which is read in a high voice at the time of the Mauludan event. Shalawat Ngelik and Kojan are typical Mlangi prayers that reflect the acculturation of culture and Islam, which have been rooted since the 18th century AD and have been maintained until now. For this reason, this study aims to explain the acculturation process of culture and Islam in the Ngelik and Kojan prayers at the Maulidan event at the Pathok Negoro Mlangi Mosque. This research method is a qualitative historical analysis approach. The results of this study explain that there is the acculturation of culture and Islam in the prayers of Ngelik and Kojan at the Maulidan event at the Pathok Negoro Mlangi Mosque, which can foster religious enthusiasm, care for traditions, and togetherness in the Mlangi community.
Combined technologies for increasing the reliability and service life of aerospace products
Authors: Smolentsev Vladislav , Kondratiev Mihail , Smolentsev Evgeny
Published: July 2023

The paper considers a major scientific and applied problem of improving the quality and reliability of scientific products by technological methods and means, forming the basis for the production of competitive products of domestic engineering, primarily in the aerospace industry. The analysis of the defect appearance causes in technology and the decrease in its reli-ability at the stages of product life cycle is carried out. Measures were identified to ensure established reliability while maintaining or increasing the resource with minimizing costs at the stage of commercializing by gradually increasing opera-tional characteristics underway product test. It is shown that combined methods of part process allow creating small-sized multilayer vibration-resistant filters with an increased area of the working area and a total wall thickness that ensures the stability of the product to repeated vibrations, which previously caused undesirable increase in the dimensions and mass of a manufactured product. The possibilities of using combined processing methods with the imposition of electromagnetic fields to improve the operational characteristics of upgraded and aircraft parts under formation, including their elements, in the expansion of mass production of scientific products, particularly developed for their import substitution, are found.The change in the mechanical characteristics of materials under various processing methods has been studied. Specimens test for strength at failure and stretch have shown that the consistent use of highly efficient electrochemical sizing followed by jackhammering (or other) way of hardening allows the increase in the characteristics of products up to 10%, achieving a result not lower than that obtained after tooling with hardening.
KOMBINASI MINYAK IKAN LEMURU DAN MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMA DAN ORGAN DALAM AYAM BROILER
Authors: Suci Dwi Margi
Published: July 2023

The aim of this research was to evaluate the use of lemuru fish oil as palm oil substitution in ration on broiler performance. This research used 200 Ross broilers day old chick (DOC) is divided into 4 treatments and 5 replications. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD), where the treatments level of palm oil and lemuru fish oil were respectively P0 = rations containing 3% palm oil and 0% lemuru fish oil, P1 = rations containing 2% palm oil and 1% lemuru fish oil, P2 = rations containing 1% palm oil and 2% lemuru fish oil, P3 = rations containing 0% palm oil and 3% lemuru fish oil. The variables observed were feed intake, final body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, and income over feed and chick cost (IOFCC). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significant result (P<0,05) were followed by Duncan test. The results showed a significant effect (P<0.05) in decreasing FCR in the starter period with a higher level of use of lemuru fish oil, increasing body weight gain and decreasing FCR in the finisher period with a lower level of use of lemuru fish oil, but the treatments did not significantly effect  on performance broiler during the age of 35 days. Weight and percentage of internal organs and digestive tract under normal conditions, except liver weight.

The conclusion of this study was the use of 3% lemuru fish oil can improve FCR in the starter phase, but the different level of palm oil and lemuru fish oil until 3 % in broiler rations does not affect on broiler performance during the age of 35 days.
COMPLICAÇÕES CLÍNICAS E CIRÚRGICAS DOS RECEPTORES DE TRANSPLANTE RENAL NO CONTEXTO ORGANIZACIONAL DE TRABALHO
Authors: Souza de Oliveira Antonia Rozângela , Porfírio Ferreira Renata , Ximenes do Prado Marlon , Ferreira da Silva Larissa , Almeida de Sousa Nayane , Soares Barbosa Aglauvanir , Rodrigues da Silva Alan , Borges Studart Rita Mônica
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar as complicações clínicas e cirúrgicas dos receptores de transplante renal no contexto organizacional de trabalho. Método: Trata-se de um estudo com delineamento transversal, realizada em 264 prontuários de pacientes submetidos a transplante renal do Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, no período de outubro de 2021 a maio de 2022. Foram incluídos maiores de 18 anos e excluídos crianças e transplante duplo. Os resultados foram apresentados a partir de estatística descritiva e realizados os testes de Mann-Whitney e de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: Observou-se prevalência do sexo masculino entre os pacientes submetidos a transplante renal (60,2%), faixa etária entre 40 a 59 em (40,5%), com ensino médio (40,2%), índice de massa corporal normal (43,4%), casados (54,3%) e provenientes do interior do estado (49,4%). O tempo de hospitalização em paciente com função imediata do enxerto foi em média de sete dias e de 10 dias, com função tardia. A obesidade foi um fator que impactou no prolongamento da hospitalização para os pacientes que apresentaram função lenta do enxerto (p=0,04), enquanto as infecções e complicações cirúrgicas nas diferentes funções do enxerto percebeu-se que essas complicações aumentaram de forma significativa o tempo de internação em todas as situações. Conclusão: Conclui-se que às infecções e complicações cirúrgicas independente da função do enxerto, contribuíram para o aumento significativo no tempo de hospitalização, obtendo mediana de 33 dias para aqueles que apresentaram qualquer complicação cirúrgica.
Truman y el padre corporativo
Authors: Fuentes Lenci ´Álvaro
Published: July 2023

En ocasión del 25 aniversario de The Truman Show, este texto se propone revisitar la película de Peter Weir (1998) a partir de dos fuentes principales: “Mar abierto (un horizonte en quiebra)” de Juan Jorge Michel Fariña, artículo publicado al año del estreno de la película (1999), y Padres en el cine, Películas en interlocución (2022), el último libro de Eduardo Laso. Mediante la primera fuente, se busca profundizar en la comparación de las figuras paternas de Truman (el padre corporativo que es Christof y el padre farsante que le asigna el Reality Show) con los padres de bebés apropiados en la dictadura militar de 1976, entendiendo que ambos son vínculos que se basan en la falsificación de la identidad. Se aporta un concepto de superyó de escala corporativa, haciendo ingresar herramientas de psicología de grupos y tipología de los padres; esto último con la ayuda de la segunda fuente mencionada. Volver a pensar The Truman Show es tomar el desafío de actualizarla, desprendiendo conclusiones acerca del tipo de relación que emisores y receptores de la información establecen bajo la escena comunicacional del presente; porque un clásico es una película que no pierde relevancia a pesar del paso del tiempo.
El origen cinematográfico del colonialismo en Haití: White of Zombie
Authors: Brito Alvarado Xavier , Rodríguez Caguana Adriana , Jadán Diego
Published: July 2023

Reflexionar sobre el cine zombi, encasillado como B, es complejo, no por la falta de bibliografía o cuestiones metodológicas, sino porque su validez académica, muchas veces, ha sido opacada por considerarlas como producciones sin discurso político o científico. No obstante, en los últimos años esta mirada ha sido desplazada, y hoy, estas producciones, ocupan un lugar para explicar las múltiples ansiedades e incertidumbres sociales en que vivimos. La premisa de este trabajo recoge la película White Zombie (1932), La legión de los hombres sin alma; la primera película de esta temática, en la que se mezcla las narraciones fantásticas con las políticas de la época; y con ello debatir sobre el colonialismo como discurso histórico que sigue vigente en las sociedades. De esta forma, el ensayo comienza con un recorrido bibliográfico de lo zombi y sus representaciones cinematográficas, un segundo momento versa sobre la ubicación histórica y política del zombi en Haití, y, por último, el análisis de la película “White Zombie”, que desentraña las complejas relaciones entre blancos y negros dentro de un contexto colonial haitiano.
El uso del cine como pasador de lo real en la película documental “Lemebel”
Authors: Reyes Mosqueira Isabel
Published: July 2023

El siguiente trabajo busca comprender cuál es la relación entre el cine como pasador de lo real y el uso del cuerpo como herramienta en la performance de Pedro Lemebel. Para esto, se hace uso de la película documental “Lemebel” donde este se muestra y encuentra entre arte y artista. Ya que, se presenta como sujeto, producto y producción artísticas por medio de su cuerpo, “cuerpo político” que denuncia la violencia sistémica en época de dictadura militar en Chile de los años 80’ hacia las disidencias sexuales marginadas. Y, por otro lado, busca reivindicar el término “colisa” referido a los “maricas sudacas” diferenciándolos de los “gays”. Para llevar a cabo lo anterior, se hace uso de los registros de real, simbólico e imaginario, para luego hacer un recorrido por la noción de real dentro de la obra de Lacan. De modo que, más adelante se relaciona lo real con el arte y, el uso del cuerpo en el arte performático.
The Origins and Significances of Iron Buddha Statues of late Silla
Authors: Kwon Bo Kyung
Published: July 2023

Among the various materials used for Buddhist statues, iron is noteworthy in the history of Korean art as it only started to be used for Buddha statues in late Shilla and almost disappears after Koryŏ. Previous studies have attributed the emergence of iron Buddha statues to the introduction of the Sŏn(Chinese Chan) Buddhism to Shilla, rise of local powers, and shortage of copper, but this study argues that the lack of tin brought the production of iron Buddha statues. Shilla was not short of copper, but tin, another indispensable material when making bronzeware, was not mined in the Korean peninsula and therefore was expensive. At the time, to effectively exert power in the provinces, monarchs of Shilla turned to the Sŏn Buddhism, which had spread to all corners of the country. Large Buddhist statues were made for Sŏn temples to demonstrate the royal authority. For this purpose, iron was used in the place of bronze, whose production process required tin, a precious material.
First made with above reasons, iron Buddha statues fulfilled the wishes of patrons including the royal family, to decorate temples. At first, Sŏn monks were not enthusiastic about making iron statues, but as time passed, they also participated actively. Iron Buddha statues were initially made to decorate temples and to pray for the souls of the dead but they came to take on the role of supporting and protecting the temple in the chaotic late Shilla society. In conclusion, the perception and the significance attributed to iron Buddha statues changed according to the economical, political, and social changes in late Shilla.
The Introduction of Bat Design in late Chosŏn and its Use by the Royal Court
Authors: Roh Jihyun
Published: July 2023

This study aims to clarify how bat design, originally developed in Ming and Qing dynasties to wish for longevity on the Imperial Birthday, were introduced to and used by the royal family of Chosŏn. Until now, bat designs of late Chosŏn were interpreted as being of Chinese influence or as common symbol of good fortune. However, in both countries, bat design could be employed only by the royal family to wish for longevity. The earliest example of bat design in Chosŏn appeared during the reign of King Yŏngjo, and by King Chŏngjo’s time, it had evolved significantly to resemble Qing designs. I have focused on Chosŏn’s diplomatic relations with Qing to understand this development. During the reign of King Chŏngjo, prolific cultural exchanges brought Qing enamelware to Chosŏn, which likely had impact on the use of bat design. After this period, bat design in Chosŏn was used for the same social class, with the same purpose significance, and form as in the case of Qing. In conclusion, the meaning of bat design was fully understood in Chosŏn by the royal court through cultural exchanges with Qing, and it was used accordingly, to wish for longevity.
Association between AGTR1 (c.1166 A>C) Polymorphisms and Kidney Injury in Hypertension
Authors: Zeng Yiyao , Jiang Yufeng , Huang Ziyin , Li Kexin , Zhou Yafeng
Published: July 2023

Background: High blood pressure is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases. Kidney damage is one of the most common organ secondary damage to hypertension. The study of hypertension gene polymorphisms is an important means of precision treatment of primary hypertension. Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between AGTR1 (c.1166 A>C) gene polymorphisms and hypertension combined with kidney damage, while exploring the relationship between codominant, dominant and recessive gene model and hypertension with kidney injury and the susceptibility of different genotypes to hypertension with kidney injury. Methods: The distribution of AGTR1 polymorphism in the AGTR1 in hypertensive patients (hypertension group, 292 patients) and hypertension with kidney injury patients (44 patients) were detected and compared by PCR-melting curve method. Results: The genotype distribution of hypertension and combined groups met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05); the distribution difference between the three genotypes was statistically significant (p < 0.05), the codominant, dominant and recessive distribution frequency of genotypes (p < 0.05), and no difference between A allele and C allele (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our study identified the relationship of AGTRA (c.1166 A>C) with hypertension combined with renal injury, and compared the susceptibility of different genetic models, which may provide novel targets for precision gene therapy of hypertension. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/indexEN.html; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2100051472.
School Environment Impact on Entrepreneurial Intention Mediated By Financial Literacy and Entrepreneurial Characteristics
Authors: Effendi Maya Syafriana , Firdaus Venus  F , Utami Nastiti Edi , Emarawati Jayanti Apri , Maison Djoni , Roosdiana Roosdiana
Published: July 2023

This latest research discusses the need for a better understanding of interest in entrepreneurship in vocational high school students. Financial literacy is knowledge needed by everyone (including vocational high school students) in everyday life. It consists of studying theory, mastering practical skills and developing financial thinking, all of which will make each of us financially successful.

This study aims to analyze the importance of the school environment and understanding of financial literacy and entrepreneurial characteristics that mediate students' interest in entrepreneurship. The saturated sample in this study consisted of 41 class 11 vocational student respondents, with an age range of 16-18 years who participated in community service activities held by UPI YAI lecturers. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire survey which was carried out at the end of the presentation of the material by the lecturers with 45 question indicators.

Structural Equation Model with Partial Least Square is an analytical technique used in this study. Testing path analysis with a measurement model (outer model) is carried out to find out the correctness of the answers given to the questions, namely measurements of internal consistency, convergent validity and discriminative validity, then proceed with testing the structural model (Inner Model). The results of the study show that the school environment has a direct effect on financial literacy and this financial literacy has an effect on the entrepreneurial characteristics of students. Meanwhile, the school environment and financial literacy have no effect on students' interest in entrepreneurship.

This study shows that school environment, financial literacy and business characteristics can be valuable indicators to increase and trigger students' interest in entrepreneurship. These results can be used to guide policy makers where to place more emphasis on financial education for vocational
model pembelajaran project citizen
Authors: NURAENI HENI
Published: July 2023

Pemodelan pembelajaran Project Citizen adalah salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran yang populer dalam konteks pendidikan kewarganegaraan atau civic education. Model ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi aktif siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dan melibatkan mereka dalam memahami, menganalisis, dan mengatasi masalah sosial dan politik di sekitar mereka.
Exploring relative strengths in people with Down syndrome: Spatial thinking and its role in mathematics
Authors: Morris Su , Farran Emily Kate , Gilligan-Lee Katie Anne
Published: July 2023

There is convincing evidence that training spatial abilities leads to improved mathematics performance in typically developing (TD) children (Hawes et al., 2022). However, a lack of information on mathematical development and spatial-mathematical associations in people with Down syndrome (DS) hinders the translation of these interventions. Here, we establish developmental trajectories of mathematics, and explore whether spatial ability predicts attainment on different mathematics measures in individuals with DS. Participants with DS (N=36; 9-35 years) and TD children (N=132; 4-11 years) completed three groups of tasks: spatial tasks assessing different sub-domains of spatial thinking; mathematics tasks assessing early mathematics skills, mathematical reasoning, arithmetic, and geometry; and IQ tasks. The developmental trajectories of mathematics performance against mental age revealed similar starting points of the trajectories and similar rates of development for DS and TD groups. Furthermore, after controlling for verbal skills, spatial skills explained between 5.8% and 18.1% of the variation in mathematical performance across different mathematics tasks, and the pattern of spatial-mathematical relations was similar for DS and mental-age matched TD groups. This shows that mathematical development in DS groups appears to mirror that of typically developing children, indicative of delay only. Strong spatial-mathematical relations were observed for individuals with DS, like those seen for TD participants. This is the vital preliminary knowledge needed to support the design and use of spatial intervention for improving mathematics in individuals with DS.
A negative emotional state impairs individuals' ability to filter out distractors from working memory: An ERP study
Authors: Ye Chaoxiong , Liu Ruyi , Guo Lijing , Zhao Guoying , Qiang Liu
Published: July 2023

Capacity-limited visual working memory (VWM) requires that individuals have sufficient memory space and the ability to filter distractors. Negative emotional states are known to impact VWM storage, yet their influence on distractor filtering within VWM remains underexplored. We conducted direct neural measurement of participants (n=56) who conducted a lateralized change detection task with distractors, while manipulating the emotional state by presenting neutral or negative images before each trial. We found a detrimental effect of distractors on memory accuracy under both neutral and negative emotional states. Memory accuracy also decreased as the number of items increased. Using contralateral delay activity (CDA; sensitive to VWM load) to observe the VWM load in each condition, we found that in the neutral state, the participants showed significantly higher late CDA amplitudes when remembering 4 targets compared to 2 targets and 2 targets with 2 distractors but no significant difference when remembering 2 targets compared to 2 targets with 2 distractors. In the negative state, no significant CDA amplitude differences were evident when remembering 4 targets and 2 targets, but CDA was significantly higher when remembering 2 targets with 2 distractors compared to 2 targets. These results suggest that the maximum number of items participants could store in VWM was lower under negative emotional states than under neutral emotional states. Importantly, the participants could filter out distractors when in a neutral emotional state but not in a negative emotional state, indicating that negative emotional states impair their ability to filter out distractors in VWM.
Signatures proposed to index perceptual effects emerge in a purely cognitive task
Authors: Chen Sixing , Rahnev Dobromir
Published: July 2023

A central question in many studies on perception and consciousness is whether the effects of a given manipulation are perceptual or cognitive. Typically, studies seek to find evidence that the raw sensory experience has been altered, that is, a manipulation produces perceptual rather than cognitive effects. There are two major proposals for behavioral signatures that could allow this type of inference. First, a long-standing proposition is that different parameters of the drift diffusion model (DDM) map onto different effects, such that a drift rate bias indicates a perceptual effect, whereas a starting point shift indicates a cognitive effect. Second, a newer proposal holds that, when plotted as a function of a sensory feature, changes in the peak of the distributions for confidence and reaction time (RT) imply that a given manipulation’s effects are perceptual. Here we test both of these proposals. We designed a purely cognitive task where no effects can be perceptual, and examined whether the proposed signatures of perceptual effects occur in this task. Participants viewed numbers generated by two distributions and indicated which distribution the numbers likely came from. In separate conditions we manipulated prior beliefs and rewards related to each distribution. We found that both of these manipulations elicited the same signatures previously proposed as indicative of purely perceptual effects. Our results demonstrate that individual DDM parameters and the peaks of confidence and RT distributions in isolation are insufficient to distinguish between perceptual and cognitive effects.
Reallocating time between movement behaviors has implications for post-secondary students’ mental health and wellbeing
Authors: Groves Claire , Kwan Matthew , Witham Braden , Faulkner Guy , Brown Denver M. Y.
Published: July 2023

Objective: Examine the theoretical impact of reallocating time between self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), recreational screen time, and sleep on psychological distress and mental wellbeing among post-secondary students.Participants: 24,742 post-secondary students (Mage=24.3±7.72 SD years; 66.4% female) from Cycle 1 of the Canadian Campus Wellbeing Survey. Methods: Cross-sectional isotemporal substitution modelling. Results: Replacing 20 min of screen time with either sleep or MVPA was associated with lower psychological distress, greater mental wellbeing, lower odds of reporting mild-to-severe psychological distress and low mental wellbeing, except for reallocating screen time to sleep among students who exceed the sleep guideline recommendations. Reallocating time between sleep and MVPA revealed noteworthy patterns: replacing sleep with MVPA was associated with greater mental wellbeing but not lower psychological distress.Conclusions: Findings highlight the potential mental health benefits of replacing screen time with sleep or MVPA as an integrative whole day approach to promote campus wellness.
Beyond a global endorsement of group-based hierarchies - Preferences for group-based inequality differ between different types of hierarchies
Authors: Kremeti Eleni , Asbrock Frank , Deutsch Roland
Published: July 2023

Based on theory and evidence from social hierarchization research, we hypothesize that a preference for dominance-based hierarchies (PREF-D), characterized by differences in dominant behavior between social groups, and a preference for competence-based hierarchies (PREF-C), characterized by differences in competencies between social groups, constitute two distinct dimensions of the preference for group-based hierarchy. To test this hypothesis, four studies (N = 1.119) with US American online samples were conducted to develop the 16-item Preference for Hierarchy Scale (PREF-HS) aimed at measuring PREF-D and PREF-C and subject it to initial validation. CFA indicates an overall perfect model fit for PREF-HS (CFI = .97, RMSEA = .05, SRMR = .05). Further studies indicate distinct associations of each preference with various group-relevant variables (e.g., political orientation). We demonstrate that individuals hold distinct preferences toward social hierarchies depending on which group differences define those hierarchies and introduce a new measure assessing both preferences for group based hierarchies.
Methodological Advances in Studying Postnatal Locomotor Development
Authors: Mielke Falk
Published: July 2023

One crucial characteristic which sets animals apart from most other forms of life is the capability of quick locomotion. Yet moving around does not always come easy: some animals are better at it than others, and common research tools in the field of locomotor biomechanics occasionally fail to quantify subtle differences. For example, during early development, variability in locomotor patterns is high, faults and instabilities are common, but maturation is quick, which is a challenging context for comparative biomechanics. In this project, I set out to expand our methodological capabilities for developmental, comparative biomechanics. The thesis covers kinematics (how animals move) and kinetics (why they move). Based on the observation that locomotor patterns are often repetitive, and applying probabilistic, predictive models which incorporate variability, I spotlight the most fragile of newborn animals: those who are born with particularly low weight. My primary model system are piglets, where low birth weight is common due to increasing litter sizes in commercial breeding. The applied methods (Fourier analysis, probabilistic statistics) are exapted from other fields, thus not novel, but rarely applied to quantitative biomechanics to date. I also highlight limitations and quantify commonly accepted inaccuracies of existing inverse dynamic methods. The case of piglet locomotion can demonstrate how the exapted tools enable unprecedented detail in the analysis of locomotor biomechanics. In particular, I can confirm that low birth weight piglets are fully capable of normal locomotion, and I precisely quantify how their development is halted shortly after birth. This provides some important constraints for the evaluation of coping strategies in commercial farming. Besides, the methodological advances which I present in detail enable a whole new set of research questions for different contexts, within the field of locomotor biomechanics and beyond.
Women's Motivation for Joining the Maoist Movement in Nepal: A Study of Ex-PLA Participants in Janaki Rural Municipality, Kailali
Authors: Adhikari Kanshi Prasad
Published: July 2023

This research aims to investigate the motivations of women for joining the Maoist movement and strives to challenge outdated beliefs about women's issues. It delves into their socio-cultural, economic, and educational backgrounds, as well as their pursuit of gender equality, leadership, and self-worth while working alongside men on equal terms. The study focuses on 15 Ex-PLA women in Janaki Rural Municipality, employing a purposive sampling method and an anthropological approach involving interviews and observations. The research unravels the challenges in analyzing female participants' experiences and opinions, considering the sensitivity and confidentiality of the subject matter and the cautious approach to human rights and privacy. The discussion reveals the deeply entrenched patriarchal system in Nepal, which has historically relegated women to a subordinate position and deprived them of power and knowledge creation. Despite legislative measures granting women citizenship and some representation, informal barriers and societal attitudes continue to impede their progress. The study highlights various factors motivating women to join the Maoist movement in Janaki Rural Municipality, including the historical patriarchal nature of Nepal, limited property rights for women, extended male absences, the dual burden of coordinating with both Maoist and security forces, and the impact of the Kilosera-2 operation's brutality and upheaval. Ultimately, this research sheds light on the transformative potential of women when given opportunities and challenges the prevailing societal norms, offering insights into the factors driving their participation in the Maoist movement and advocating for their rights and recognition on equal footing with men.
Technical Analysis and Efficient Market Hypothesis in the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE)
Authors: Lamichhane Bhubaneshwar
Published: July 2023

Stock exchange is a trading platform for the buyer and seller of securities. The stock exchange acts as a “barometer” of the health of the economy or considered a mirror of economy. If the market as a whole expects economic prospects to improve, share price will rise, and vice versa. The history of securities market began in Nepal with the flotation of shares by Biratnagar Jute Mills Ltd and Nepal Bank Ltd in 1937 A.D. Introduction of the company Act in 1964 A.D., and the establishment of Securities Exchange Center Ltd in 1976 was other significant developments relating to capital markets in Nepal. At present there is only one stock exchange in Nepal, which is also called secondary market i.e. Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE). Nowadays, Nepal’s stock market has become major area of investments. Basically, there are two approaches of analyzing the securities: fundamental analysis and technical analysis. Beside these there is another technique for analyzing the share price behavior that is called efficient market hypothesis. Each price of an individual share is independent of the previous price. The price of a moment does not affect the price of another moment. This type of moment of prices is called random walk of prices.
Contribution of King Manendra in the Developmemnt of Nepal
Authors: K C Tej Bahadur
Published: July 2023

The presented study is limited to King Mahendra's activities focused on the development of Nepal. From Prithvi Narayan Shah to Gyanendra Birvikram Shah, King Mahendra Birvikram Shah is a name that cannot be forgotten in the political history of Nepal and Nepali people even if they want to forget it. Although political parties and their leaders have accused King Mahendra of running the state in an autocratic style within the non-partisan governance system, of not being able to appreciate the sentiments of the people, and being stubborn, in fact, looking at the steps and decisions he took during his tenure, it seems that he is a person who understood the demands of the times and can address them. The main purpose of this study is to highlight the contribution of King Mahendra in the politics of Nepal. The conclusion of this article prepared on the basis of auxiliary sources is that the steps taken by King Mahendra with the intention of devoting himself to the country's development and nationalism are considered to be in the interest of the nation.
Gender in Neelam Karki Niharika's Story 'Second Marriage'
Authors: Joshi Homnath
Published: July 2023

The presented research article is based on the gender analysis of the second marriage story collected in Neelam Karki Niharika's Havan Katha Sangraha (2062). In this article, the story of the second marriage is presented as an analytical material and the topic of what is the state of gender in the story is presented as a major problem. In this article, the theoretical framework of www patriarchy, representation and body politics is presented and the story is interpreted and analyzed on the basis of textual analysis method, and the social exploitation, physical and mental pressure and control of women due to patriarchy in the story, as well as how women are active for their rights and self-esteem are presented as a conclusion. This article is based on qualitative method.
Impact of Radio Program Civic Voice on Rehabilitation of Free Bonded Labourers in Bardia District
Authors: B C Dilli Bahadur
Published: July 2023

This study focuses on the effect of the radio program Civil Voice on the restoration of free bonded labourers in Bardia district. The study is based on the analysis of the questionnaire survey. The survey covers only the free bonded labourers. Since the program is only focused on the sensitive issue of restoration of free bonded labourers, it is in the interest of this class that has spent a life of slavery and society to focus on the interests of this class. In this way, since the radio program works on the side of slavery, it is natural that the study is attractive. No one has studied this poison before. Therefore, the study focuses on the social responsibility of communication. It was found that the Civil Voice program mainly takes the policy system to free bonded labourer and in the absence of rehabilitation, the problems of free bonded labourers to the implementing agencies. It was found that this program contributed to policy information, government efforts and free bonded labourers to be organized, empowered and aware of their rights.
Comparative analysis of ELISA, FEIA and CLIA techniques in diagnostic immunoassays for thyroid stimulating hormone: A cross-sectional study form Morang, Nepal
Authors: Mallick Ram L. , Gaire Chandra Prakash
Published: July 2023

Background: TSH and circulating thyroid hormones are measured in serum as part of a thyroid function test (TFT), which evaluates the thyroid gland's ability to produce and regulate thyroid hormones. The objective of the current study was to compare the technical performance between ELISA, FEIA and the currently marketed automated CLIA for measuring the TSH level.

Material and methods: A total of 1,200 participants were enrolled in the study. Subjects were chosen randomly, either OPD patients or inpatients of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital. Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA), Enzyme-linked Immunoassay (ELISA) and Fluorometric Enzyme Immunoassay (FEIA) technologies were performed.

Results: The total number of patients (1200) was categorized into group I, normal TSH (n = 680); group II, elevated TSH (n = 300); and group III, decreased TSH (n = 220). CLIA and FEIA based results were significantly more sensitive compared to ELISA results for TSH detection.

Conclusion: Chemiluminescence assay system, when compared to FEIA and ELISA, is far superior in terms of accuracy and sensitivity for reporting both subnormal and above normal TSH levels and can be helpful in the detection of subclinical thyroid dysfunction (SCTD) and in the screening of thyroid diseases.
बजेट चक्रका चरणहरू बिचको तार्किक सम्बन्ध र पुँजीगत खर्च सुधार
Authors: मैनाली Mainali गोपीनाथ Gopi Nath
Published: July 2023

आय व्ययको विवरण र बार्षिक वित्तीय योजना प्रस्तुत गर्ने इतिहास लामो छ। समयक्रमसँगै बजेटको आकार र आयतनका साथै यसको अर्थ र आधारभूत संरचनामा पनि परिवर्तन भएको छ। शुरुमा बजेटलाई एक आर्थिक बर्षको सम्भावित आय र प्रस्तावित खर्चको विवरण मानिन्थ्यो। बजेट तथा वार्षिक विकास कार्यक्रम सरकारको आर्थिक दर्शन, नीति तथा प्राथमिकताको संयन्त्र भएकाले यो जति सन्दर्भिक, वास्तविक र कार्यान्वयनयोग्य भयो त्यति नै आर्थिक सामाजिक प्राथमिकतालाई संवोधन गर्न सकिन्छ। बजेट चक्रका चरणहरुबीच तार्किक सम्बन्ध स्थापित गरेर सरकारी विनियोजनलाई नतिजामुखी बनाउँदै राज्यबाहिरका पात्रहरुको क्रियाशीलता बढाउन नेपालमा नीति संरचनाहरु भएपनि ती अपेक्षित नतिजामा पुग्ने गरी क्रियाशील भएनन्। किन बजेट प्रस्ताव र कार्यान्वयनबीच खाडल बढ्दै गयो ? बजेट व्यवस्थापनका चरणहरुमा पात्रहरुको भूमिका कसरी प्रभावकारी पार्ने भन्ने पक्षमा विश्लेषण गर्न प्रस्तुत लेख केन्द्रित रहेको छ।
Interrelation and Distinction between Legislative Drafting and Policy
Authors: Khadka Arjun Kumar
Published: July 2023

Drafting is part of the legislative process, which in turn is part of the policy process. It is even sometime compared or linked to a child's game of Snakes and ladders. Snakes and ladders are game of chance where legislative drafting is game of skill. Moreover, legislative drafting requires abundance of knowledge of the language, its grammar, and the technical requirements of the form of legislation and perform the task in a non-partisan manner and keeping totally away from political controversies. On the other hand, a policy relates to government goal for achieve the methods and principles. But, policy document is not a law. Thus, policy sets out the goals and planned activities of a concern ministry and department, but laws set a standard procedures and principles that must be followed. If a law is disregard, the violator will punish as prescribed by the laws.  So, law is binding and mandatory compared to policy, which means that legislative process is more valuable in practice.
New Public Management Reform: Implementation Experiences of Developing Countries and Nepal
Authors: Bhul Baburam
Published: July 2023

This article examines the practical experiences of developing countries and Nepal regarding new public management (NPM) reforms. This article employed the descriptive research design based on the systematic literature review using almost 50 articles for the analysis; the study aims to understand the extent of NPM adoptions. While many developing countries have partially embraced NPM principles, full implementation remains a challenge. NPM has portrayed public managers as business-like owners of a leaner, more privatized government, incorporating corporate methods and principles. However, the argument suggests that NPM may not be appropriate for developing nations due to issues like corruption and administrative incompetence. NPM initiatives in the underdeveloped world have resulted in both successes and failures, influenced by localized contextual factors rather than national capabilities. The circumstances should guide reformers, urging open-mindedness towards effective strategies. Since the 1960s, Nepal has pursued public administration strengthening efforts, adopting NPM-related reform principles after 1990. Despite good intentions, NPM-based reforms have not brought significant improvements to Nepalese public administration. The article also focuses on how Nepal's political environment, path-dependency traits, and bureaucratic behavior have influenced the implementation of NPM-oriented reforms.
Trap, Snip, Repeat: Cat Overpopulation and Gendered Labour in a Feral Sterilisation Programme
Authors: Grieve Kirsten L. , Muzzatti Stephen L.
Published: July 2023

Cat overpopulation in Toronto, Canada, is a serious and growing problem. Small, and frequently isolated, groups of volunteers work in a variety of capacities to help mitigate the large numbers of litters produced by stray and feral cats. One such organisation is Toronto Street Cats. This volunteer group works with the help of the Toronto Humane Society to operate a monthly trap/neuter/release (TNR) programme. Groups of caretakers look after registered feral cat colonies and capture cats of breeding age. Once a month these cats are sterilised, vaccinated, treated for parasites, and microchipped in an evening-long marathon. Volunteers in veterinary medicine (registered veterinary technicians [RVTs], veterinary assistants and veterinarians) comprise the medical staff who provide treatment and perform the assembly-line surgeries. Post-surgery, the cats are taken by the volunteers to a recovery facility and
Mourned pets. About Coping with Animal Death in Veterinary Practice and Caregiver’s Experience
Authors: Lange Łucja
Published: July 2023

The article is written from the first-person perspective as an autoethnographical attempt to describe the experience of loss of a pet companion, a cat, when the decision about euthanasia was challenged and undermined, causing regret and complex feelings about the situation. The author tries to provide explanation for her feelings and for veterinarian behavior, at the same time introducing new kind of veterinarian in-home services for palliative care and euthanasia.
Prevalence of group B streptococcus colonisation and pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital
Authors:   Hanoi Medical University, Pham Thu Trang , Pham Thi Thanh Hien ,   Hanoi Medical University, Do Tuan Dat ,   Hanoi Medical University, Duong Thi Tra Giang ,   Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of maternal group B streptococcus (GBS) colonisation and pregnancy results of pregnant women at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive with 537 pregnant women delivered at the Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in 2021, GBS was detected based on culture, isolation, and identification of bacteria from the vagina-rectum samples at 36-37+6 weeks gestation. Results: The prevalence of maternal GBS colonisation was 18.1%. 87.5% of GBS colonisations were applied to intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis during labour or ruptured membranes. Diabetes increased the risk of carrying GBS (OR=2.3, 95%CI: 1.17-4.34). Maternal GBS colonisation increased the risk of rupture of membranes (OR 3.09, 95%CI: 1.95-4.85) and antibiotic treatment of newborns (OR=3.39, 95%CI: 1.05-10.92). However, there was no increased risk for cesarean section or postpartum infection (p>0.05). Maternal GBS colonisation with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis has not increased the risk for early neonatal (OR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.06-5.44). Conclusion: The prevalence of maternal GBS colonisation was 18.1%. Pregnant women carrying GBS treated with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis did not increase the risk of maternal adverse pregnancy outcomes and early neonatal infection.
Application of CLSI’s EP15A3 guideline in Accu-chek Inform II method verification
Authors:   Hanoi Medical University, Le Hoang Bich Nga , Tran Thi Thuy Quynh ,   Hanoi Medical University, Le Lam Kieu Oanh ,   Hanoi Medical University, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lan ,   Hanoi Medical University,   Hanoi Medical University Hospital
Published: July 2023

Method validation is an essential laboratory requirement to ensure reliable test results for diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to evaluate the determination of blood glucose level method by the Accu-chek Inform II analyzer at Hanoi Medical University Hospital. Method and materials: Internal control materials were provided by the manufacturer to conduct experiments to evaluate the precision, accuracy and linearity of blood glucose testing on the Accu-chek Inform II analyzer according to the guideline EP15A3 of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Results: The within-run precision and within-laboratory precision of two experimental quality control levels are less than the manufacturer’s claim, the observed mean is not within the verification interval, but the Bias is less than the allowable Bias. The accuracy and precision of the blood glucose test performed on the Accu-chek Inform II analyzer used at the Hanoi Medical University Hospital were confirmed in accordance with the manufacturer’s claims.
PARKIR PINTAR BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO UNTUK GEDUNG BERTINGKAT
Authors: Widodo Andrian Eko , Wati Fanny Fatma
Published: July 2023

Masalah parkir merupakan isu yang sangat krusial di era modern saat ini. Semakin banyak masyarakat yang menggunakan kendaraan pribadi, menyebabkan kebutuhan akan tempat parkir semakin meningkat, terutama di pusat perbelanjaan seperti mal dan gedung bertingkat. Terbatasnya informasi mengenai ketersediaan tempat parkir membuat para pengendara mengalami kesulitan dalam menemukan lahan parkir yang tersedia. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, diusulkan untuk merancang dan membuat prototipe sistem parkir yang lebih modern dengan sistem otomatisasi. Sistem ini akan mampu menampilkan informasi mengenai ketersediaan lokasi parkir dan letaknya, sehingga dapat membantu para pengendara dalam mencari lahan parkir yang kosong.Penelitian ini mencakup pengujian software dan hardware. Pada pengujian software, digunakan program Arduino Uno untuk mengendalikan komponen yang digunakan. Sementara itu, pengujian hardware dilakukan untuk menguji kinerja sensor infrared dengan menggunakan Arduino Uno sebagai pengolah data dari sensor tersebut. Hasil dari pengujian sensor infrared dan uji sistem menunjukkan bahwa semuanya berjalan dengan baik dan semua fungsi yang diharapkan dapat berjalan dengan baik. Dalam uji coba sensor infrared, dapat dideteksi jarak yang memungkinkan palang pintu untuk terbuka, dan informasi mengenai jumlah sisa slot parkir dapat ditampilkan pada layar LCD.