bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Caregiver Experience During the Pandemic: A Preliminary Qualitative Exploration and Reflection of Interview Data
Authors: Thomas Karin E. , Lyndes Kathryn , Jackson Katie
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

The COVID-19 pandemic created an unprecedented caregiving environment. This preliminary study explored self-perceptions of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) caregiver experiences of unique challenges, the impact of the pandemic, and the available and needed resources to be more effective caregivers.

Method:

This study incorporated a brief qualitative interview, which was analyzed using a narrative, thematic approach. The sample consisted of eight ALS caregivers recruited from support groups, hospitals, clinics, and medical professional referrals.

Results:

While the eight caregivers were affected to varying degrees by the pandemic, several positive and negative themes emerged from their answers. The main positive theme was the perception of the availability of support groups and medical services through virtual formats and telemedicine services. Negative themes included a sense of increased caregiver burden during the pandemic along with the view that medical personnel needed more advanced training to meet the unique needs of patients with ALS and caregivers.

Conclusions:

Although the sample was small and nonrepresentative, the interviews shed light on possible issues that, if addressed, could create improved perception of medical support and lower feelings of burden. For instance, caregiver perceptions of needed training could be addressed through caregiver education about the roles and availability of medical personnel. Health care teams could also benefit from understanding the unique roles and needs, including a sense of burden in ALS caregivers, and by offering increased appointments through virtual formats.
Scale adaptive fitness evaluation‐based particle swarm optimisation for hyperparameter and architecture optimisation in neural networks and deep learning
Authors: Wang Ye‐Qun , Li Jian‐Yu , Chen Chun‐Hua , Zhang Jun , Zhan Zhi‐Hui
Published: June 2022

Research into automatically searching for an optimal neural network (NN) by optimisation algorithms is a significant research topic in deep learning and artificial intelligence. However, this is still challenging due to two issues: Both the hyperparameter and architecture should be optimised and the optimisation process is computationally expensive. To tackle these two issues, this paper focusses on solving the hyperparameter and architecture optimization problem for the NN and proposes a novel light‐weight scale‐adaptive fitness evaluation‐based particle swarm optimisation (SAFE‐PSO) approach. Firstly, the SAFE‐PSO algorithm considers the hyperparameters and architectures together in the optimisation problem and therefore can find their optimal combination for the globally best NN. Secondly, the computational cost can be reduced by using multi‐scale accuracy evaluation methods to evaluate candidates. Thirdly, a stagnation‐based switch strategy is proposed to adaptively switch different evaluation methods to better balance the search performance and computational cost. The SAFE‐PSO algorithm is tested on two widely used datasets: The 10‐category (i.e., CIFAR10) and the 100−category (i.e., CIFAR100). The experimental results show that SAFE‐PSO is very effective and efficient, which can not only find a promising NN automatically but also find a better NN than compared algorithms at the same computational cost.
A new blind anti‐jamming algorithm based on a novel antenna array design
Authors: Yang Xin , Wang Feixue , Liu Wenxiang , Chen Feiqiang
Published: June 2022

The next‐generation navigation tools are developed to enable precision and reliability. Military users are more likely to encounter jamming, so it is necessary to seek the technologies which can steadily provide high‐precision positioning services in all‐weather and harsh conditions. However, when users use an array antenna for interference suppression, it usually introduces pseudorange and carrier phase biases, which deteriorates the accuracy and integrity of positioning. To address this issue, the authors propose a blind anti‐interference algorithm with biases suppression. Compared to the commonly used blind space–time adaptive anti‐jamming algorithms, this algorithm can not only retain the advantages of the simple structure of the blind anti‐jamming algorithm but also suppress pseudorange biases and carrier phase biases, both of which are crucial for users to obtain the availability of positioning. Moreover, the algorithm proposed can be applied easily and quickly to the actual high‐precision positioning system with minor hardware changes in some cases. The relevant theoretical analysis and experiments have proved the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm: (1) code phase biases and carrier phase biases can almost be ignored and (2) it also can significantly improve the accuracy and integrity of positioning; the average positioning error is 1.6 mm, and it can keep the positioning accuracy better than 0.1 m for 97.5% of the time.
Research progress on microstructure and property regulation of ultra-high temperature oxide eutectic ceramics by high gradient directional solidification technology
Authors: SHEN Zhonglin , LIU Yuan , SU Haijun , ZHAO Di , LIU Haifang
Published: June 2022

With the rapid development of aerospace and other high-tech fields, a new generation of high perfor-mance, high efficiency ultrahigh temperature structural materials and their preparation technologies increasingly becomes the focus of the development of aerospace strategy in the world. Ultrahigh temperature alumina based eutectic ceramics have excellent intrinsic oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, creep resistance, high strength and other excellent properties. Therefore, they have outstanding advantages and great development prospect in extreme environment such as ultrahigh temperature above 1 400℃, water and oxygen corrosion circumstances. In this paper, the current development status has been firstly introduced for the ultrahigh temperature oxide eutectic ceramics prepared by high gradient directional solidification technologies. Then, the formation mechanism and control method of the defects during the high gradient directional solidification process of the alumina based ultrahigh temperature eutectic ceramics have been summarized. Furthermore, the microstructure characteristics and homogenization control methods, crystal orientation and texture control methods, mechanical properties and strengthening-toughening control methods of oxide eutectic ceramics have been reviewed. Finally, the development trend and breakthrough point have been comprehensively prospected for the preparation of oxide eutectic ceramics with high performance and large size by high gradient directional solidification technologies.
Nonsinusoidal motion effect on a self-propelled heaving foil
Authors: CHEN Xiao , CAO Yong , HUANG Qiaogao , PAN Guang
Published: June 2022

In order to explore the mechanism of bionic propulsion and bionic robots, to make up for the limitations of traditional propulsion with a uniform incoming flow, numerical methods are used to couple fluid dynamics and flapping foil motions, and a flapping-fluid coupling self-propulsion calculation model is established in this paper. K is used as the waveform adjustment parameter to change the waveform from triangle wave to sine wave and square wave. The self-propulsion performances of non-sinusoidal heave motion under two frequency-heaving amplitude combinations are numerically simulated to study the influence of different motion waveforms on self-propulsion velocity, efficiency and flow field structure in still water. The results show that the non-sinusoidal waveform has a great influence on the self-propulsion. With the increase of K, the closer to the square wave, the more violent the speed oscillation, the faster the starting acceleration, the greater the forward displacement and the average speed, as K decreases, self-propulsion efficiency and energy utilization continue to increase. The results of this study have certain guiding significance for the design of bionic underwater vehicles.
Verification and reliability analysis of synchronizers in clock domain crossing
Authors: FAN Yuyang , DENG Zhi , LI Zihang
Published: June 2022

There are a large number of multi-clock domain circuits in the airborne equipment of aircraft. When data is transmitted across the clock domain, meta-stability may occur, resulting in data transmission errors and reduced circuit reliability. However, due to the occasional and non-reproducible faults caused by metastability, and the high cost of existing cross-clock domain specific verification software, cross-clock domain circuit verification in three-mode redundancy scenarios is not supported. To solve this problem, a method that combines register transfer level (RTL) validation, board-level accelerated testing and computational evaluation based on traditional tools is presented. This method can detect the cross-clock domain transmission problems in three-mode application scenarios or normal scenarios and assess potential cross-clock domain transmission risks using generic simulation tools at an early stage of design. It reduces the cost of economy and time for high safety level airborne complex electronic verification, and improves the reliability of the circuit.
Electromechanical coupling modeling and analysis of piezoelectric damping laminated structures based on zig-zag hypothesis
Authors: WANG Xiong , GAO Yingshan , ZHANG Shunqi , DOU Weiyuan
Published: June 2022

Based on the zig-zag theory and Hamiltonian principle, the electromechanical coupling dynamic finite element(FE) model of piezoelectric damping laminated structure is established, the natural frequency and loss factor of the structure is accurately calculated. The eight nodes quadratic element is adopt for FE modeling, each node with seven DOFs, which considers the complex elastic modulus of damping layer. The correctness of model is verified by the calculation and simulation of an example in the literature. The effects of reinforcement orientation angle, thickness of damping layer and structure curvature on the frequency and loss factor of piezoelectric damping laminated structure are investigated. This study can provide references for vibration control and optimization design of piezoelectric damping laminated structures.
GRPr Theranostics: Current Status of Imaging and Therapy using GRPr Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Kurth Jens , Potratz Madlin , Heuschkel Martin , Krause Bernd J , Schwarzenböck Sarah Marie
Published: June 2022

Addressing molecular targets, that are overexpressed by various tumor entities, using radiolabeled molecules for a combined diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) approach is of increasing interest in oncology. The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr), which is part of the bombesin family, has shown to be overexpressed in a variety of tumors, therefore, serving as a promising target for those theranostic applications. A large amount of differently radiolabeled bombesin derivatives addressing the GRPr have been evaluated in the preclinical as well as clinical setting showing fast blood clearance and urinary excretion with selective GRPr-binding. Most of the available studies on GRPr-targeted imaging and therapy have evaluated the theranostic approach in prostate and breast cancer applying bombesin derivatives tagged with the predominantly used theranostic pair of 68Ga/177Lu which is the focus of this review.
Update Breast Cancer 2022 Part 1 – Early Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Welslau Manfred , Müller Volkmar , Lüftner Diana , Schütz Florian , Stickeler Elmar , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Thomssen Christoph , Witzel Isabell , Fehm Tanja N. , Belleville Erik , Bader Simon , Seitz Katharina , Untch Michael , Thill Marc , Tesch Hans , Ditsch Nina , Lux Michael P. , Aktas Bahriye , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Schneeweiss Andreas , Harbeck Nadia , Würstlein Rachel , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Wöckel Achim , Seliger Barbara , Massa Chiara , Kolberg Hans-Christian
Published: June 2022

Evidence relating to the treatment of breast cancer patients with early-stage disease has increased significantly in the past year. Abemaciclib, olaparib, and pembrolizumab are new drugs
with good efficacy in the relevant patient groups. However, some questions remain unanswered. In particular, it remains unclear which premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive
breast cancer should be spared unnecessary treatment. The question of the degree to which chemotherapy exerts a direct cytotoxic effect on the tumor or reduces ovarian function through
chemotherapy could be of key importance. This group of patients could potentially be spared chemotherapy. New, previously experimental biomarker analysis methods, such as spatial analysis of
gene expression (spatial transcriptomics) are gradually finding their way into large randomized phase III trials, such as the NeoTRIP trial. This in turn leads to a better understanding of
the predictive factors of new therapies, for example immunotherapy. This review summarizes the scientific innovations from recent congresses such as the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium
2021 but also from recent publications.
Imidazolium based ionic liquids as green corrosion inhibitors against corrosion of mild steel in acidic media
Authors: Ganjoo Richika , Bharmal Aayan , Sharma Shveta , Thakur Abhinay , Assad Humira , Kumar Ashish
Published: June 2022

Ionic liquids are compounds that consist entirely of ions. Since the last decade, ionic liquids have evolved as effective corrosion inhibitors. Ionic liquids are extensively used as potent corrosion inhibitors against metals and alloys because of their high solubility, low toxicity, low melting point, high polarity, and very high stability to thermal and chemical processes. This review would focus on the excellent inhibition properties of imidazolium-based ionic liquids, as well as the different factors that affect the inhibition efficacy of these compounds, such as the effect of chain length, molecular surface area, and position of substituents attached to the imidazolium ring, and so on. This article discusses the recently analyzed imidazolium-based ionic liquids and their inhibition mechanisms as studied by employing several techniques such as Potentiodynamic polarization, Weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Density functional theory (DFT) studies, Molecular dynamics simulations and so on.
Double Divisor Cordial Labeling of Graphs
Authors: Sharma Vishally , Parthiban A
Published: June 2022

In this paper a new variant of divisor cordial labeling (DCL) named double divisor cordial labeling (DDCL) is in-troduced. A DDCL of a graph Gω
having a node set Vω
is a bijection gω
from Vω
to {1,2,3,…, |Vω
|} such that each edge yz is given the label 1 if 2gω
(y)/gω
(z) or 2gω
(z)/gω
(y) and 0 otherwise, then the modulus of difference of edges labeled 0 and those labeled 1 do not exceed 1 i.e; |eg
ω
(0) — eg
ω
(1)| ≤ 1. If a graph permits a DDCL, then it is known as double divisor cordial graph (DDCG). In this paper we derive certain general results concerning DDCL and establish the same for some well known graphs.
A Review: Differential transform in numerical study of differential equations
Authors: Bhardwaj Adarsh , Arora Geeta
Published: June 2022

Differential equation plays an important role in understanding various phenomenon of science and engineering. Various methods have been developed by mathematicians to obtain a numerical solution of differential equations with minimum errors, transform methods are one of such numerical methods. Till present no transform methods claims to have zero error in obtaining the numerical or exact solution of the given differential equations. Few of well-known transform methods are Laplace transform, Sumudu transforms, Differential transform, Integral transform method etc. In this paper the review of Laplace transform is presented which is one of the tools used by scientists and researchers in finding the solution to their differential equation. In this work, 18 research papers of applications of Laplace transform have been studied and it is shown how this transform has been used by other researchers to obtain the exact solution of ordinary, partial and fractional differential equations. To present a literature review on application of Laplace transform is the main objective of this work.
Bifurcation induced by delay parameter in plant growth dynamics
Authors: Kaur D
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed for plant growth dynamics using delay differential equations. The state variables considered are: plant biomass and nutrient concentration. It is assumed that the delayed nutrient concentration adversely affects the plant growth. The positivity of solutions is established and the feasible interior equilibrium point is calculated. The stability of the system around the interior equilibrium is checked. Hopf-Bifurcation occurred around the critical value of the delay parameter. Analytical findings are supported using MATLAB simulation.
Thermodynamic and acoustical properties of glycols in aqueous glutaraldehyde solutions
Authors: Neopaney B D , Kaur P
Published: June 2022

In the current study, various thermodynamic and acoustical properties have been analyzed using density (ρ) and ultrasonic velocity (u) of liquid mixture aqueous glutaraldehyde with EG, DEG and TEG. It is carried out at different temperatures (293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K) and concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 mol.kg−1). Values of acoustic impendence (Z), adiabatic compressibility (β) and intermolecular free length (Lf) are calculated with the help of given velocity and density data. Adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free length decreased with the rise in concentration, indicating weak interaction between the molecules of the mixture. Acoustic impedance varies linearly as concentration increases, indicating the absence of complex formation.
Application of Voltage Difference transconductance Amplifier (VDTA) for realization of analog active filter: Review
Authors: Zaffer Masooma , Kamboj Uma
Published: June 2022

The paper reviews the published work for realization of analog signal processing circuits especially filters using VDTA as an active building block. VDTA is new active building block which has been used to realize the filters and other analog signal processing networks. Important advantage of ideal effects of VDTA is also presented. Moreover, various types of active filters employing VDTA is its electronic tuning of transconductance gain. At the outset of this review paper brief account of filters and their application is given. Detailed study including Non-VDTA is also presented.
Molecular interaction study of glycols in water and sodium ethylparaben mixtures using acoustic method
Authors: Thakur Ashima , Sharma Gourav , Ahmad Bashir
Published: June 2022

Volumetric and acoustic analysis is used to study the interaction between sodium ethylparaben and ethylene glycol and propylene glycol as a function of temperature. Taking densities and speed of sound measurements at 0.1MPa and T=303.15 and 308.15K completes the approximation of apparent molar volume and apparent molar isentropic compression of glycols in aqueous solutions of sodium ethylparaben. At 303.15K and 308.15K, various parameters such as acoustic impedance, intermolecular free length, adiabatic compressibility, relaxation time, ultrasonic attenuation, relative association, and Gibbs’s free energy of glycols with sodium methyl in aqueous medium were investigated using density, viscosity, and sound speed data. Acoustic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free lengths have the same behaviour as these assessed parameters, however acoustic impedance has the opposite behaviour. Between the solute and the solvent, there is a strong contact.
“Generating matrix for Generalized Fibonacci numbers and Fibonacci polynomials
Authors: Arya Mannu , Verma Vipin
Published: June 2022

Many researchers have been working on recurrence relation sequences of numbers and polynomials which are useful topic not only in mathematics but also in physics, economics and various applications in many other fields. There are many useful identities on recurrence relation sequence but there main problem to find any term of recurrence relation sequence we need to find previous all terms of recurrence relation sequence of numbers and polynomials. There were many important theorems obtained on recurrence relation sequences. In this paper we have given special identity for generalized Fibonacci sequence of number and Fibonacci sequence of polynomials. These identities are very useful to represent Fibonacci generalized sequence of numbers and Fibonacci sequence of polynomials in the form of matrix. Authors define a special formula in this paper by this we can find special representation of Fibonacci generalized sequence of numbers and Fibonacci sequence of polynomials in the form of matrix. So, we can say that this paper is generalization of property of Fibonacci sequence of number and Fibonacci sequence of polynomials
Haar and Yager’s Ranking Methods for Intuitionistic Dense Fuzzy Set
Authors: Swethaa S , Afelix
Published: June 2022

The world is full of uncertainties. To deal with the uncertain nature mathematically, fuzzy set came into being. Fuzzy set was then extended to intuitionistic fuzzy set where the set itself contains its membership, non-membership and its hesitancy. When the entire components converge at a crisp numberin a set as n→ ∞, dense fuzzy set was identified. Thus, by introducing dense fuzzy set into the field of intuitionistic set theory, intuitionistic dense fuzzy set was introduced. In this present study, an effort has been made in ranking an intuitionistic dense fuzzy set. Ranking plays a vital role in fuzzy decision making problems and in numerous fuzzy applications. Ranking a fuzzy tuples is not as easy as an ascending order ranking. There are numerous methods for ranking a fuzzy number. But in all the cases it is found that, they end up in giving unsatisfactory results due to the complexity of the problem in one way or the other. Thus, this paper paves a way in finding a ranking method for the intuitionistic dense fuzzy set by means of Haar ranking and Yager’s ranking. Numerical examples are given and Cauchy’s sequence has been utilized for better illustration.
A brief review on Singular Value Inequalities
Authors: Kaur Maninderjit , Garg Isha
Published: June 2022

Singular values are defined as the square root of the eigenvalues of a Hermitian, positive semidefinite matrix S
*
S for some square matrix S with the entries from the field of complex numbers, which are useful in the theory of unitarily invariant norms and many other modern computational algorithms. For this review paper, data is gathered by investigating numerous existing articles, publications that show the research done by various authors and mathematicians on singular value inequalities and their applications, and how this concept originated. It has been tried best that this paper provides sufficient basic information for the researchers to begin their research in this field.
Studies on Potential of Magnetic Field Applications for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Singh Gurpinder
Published: June 2022

As per the reports published by Ministry of Water Resources GOI, increasing salinity of soil in Punjab is becoming threat to sustainability. There is an urgent need to reduce the rate of salt accumulation and improve the leaching of salts below root zone, make use of low-quality saline water and at the same time to increase the rate of germination of seeds and crop yield without leading to detrimental effects on environment.

Present study is aimed around use of electromagnetic energy for the change in the saline behaviour of water, for the investigations a characteristic sample of saline water of EC = 4000 μS/cm was magnetized by passing through a pipe fitted with 4 pairs of electromagnets, at flow rate of 2L, 3L & 4L per minute, with varying magnetic field strengths of electromagnet, by varying applied voltage of 2V and 4V. Surface Tension of differently magnetized saline water was observed by Stalagmometer drop count method. The rate of accumulation of salts in terms of EC of soil at 30 cm, 60 cm & 90 cm depths in soil was compared by irrigating soil in two 1m long vertical columns with saline water and Magnetically Treated Saline Water (MTSW) for 5 irrigations.

Effect of magnetically treated normal and saline water and Magnetic Field (MF) was also observed on seed germination and plant growth of Vigna radiata.

It was observed that not only MF in soil but also magnetically treated normal & saline water have facilitated the growth which can be attributed to increased absorption of water and nutrients if treated magnetically.
Application and Characterization of Poly Vinyl Alcohol Membrane in Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Gajbhiye P , Maan K S , Kahlon J S
Published: June 2022

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) has been attracting significant attention as it not only treats waste water but also generates electricity from using waste water thereby producing electricity. The present paper presents the use of MFC in converting the waste water into electricity using a PVA membrane and graphite electrodes assembled in a lab made single MFC stack. The highest voltage obtained as 452 mV in open circuit condition which got stabilized after working for 8hrs of operation and the membrane lasted for more than 10 days of operation. The maximum current density produced was 1400mA/sqm and the ion exchange capacity was found to be 1.2meq/gm. FTIR, contact angle, TGA and SEM analysis of the membrane was also done.
Anti-Corrosive Potential of the Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors Based on Biomass Waste: A Review on Preceding and Perspective Research
Authors: Thakur Abhinay , Sharma Shveta , Ganjoo Richika , Assad Humira , Kumar Ashish
Published: June 2022

Over the past decade, green chemistry has been emphasizing the importance of environmental sustainability and human health, aiming to minimize toxins and reducing wastes in an economically beneficial manner. The field of metallic materials deterioration, generally faced by the utilization of toxic compounds, discovered a promising research field in green chemistry. The application of inhibitors is a well-known strategy when metal corrosion needs to be avoided, prevented, controlled or mitigate. Green inhibitors are readily available, biodegradable, ecologically acceptable, sustainable and renewable sources. Their esteem broadens the numerous ranges of potential applications in various sectors besides “waste to energy” in the context of a circular economy. Extensive research on various biomass wastes such as corn stalks, nutshells, straw, forestry residue and plant waste-derived inhibitors tremendously has been utilized in corrosion mitigation in different industries to sustain the environment. All the mentioned aspects are the topic of this current review, which is meant as constructive criticism to spotlight the use of biomass waste as efficient green inhibitors in order to re-evaluate their viability and debate prospective research in the field, which is still lacking justification. As a result, this article aims to solve two current problems; waste and corrosion which will benefit both the environment and industry.
On Aλ
-almost null and Aλ
-almost convergent paranormed Orlicz sequence spaces
Authors: Singh Sukhdev , Malik Toseef Ahmed
Published: June 2022

The idea of almost convergent sequence was introduced by G. G. Lorentz [5]. In this paper, some new generalized sequence spaces on Aλ
-almost null & Aλ
-almost convergent sequences by Orlicz function are introduced and extended them to the paranormed sequence spaces. Some inclusion relation has also been established between the new spaces. In addition, the α-, β- and γ-duals of these spaces, and the characterization of (Aλ
(f)(Δ, M, q) : υ) & (υ : Aλ
(f)(Δ, M, q)) of infinite matrices are also given.
Defect induced emission of MgAl2O4 sintered at high temperature
Authors: Kaur Prabhpreet , Rani Suman
Published: June 2022

MgAl2O4 (MAO) spinel has been considered as one of the excellent optoelectronic material due to its excellent mechanical strength and transparency in visible region to IR region. Many studies reported that MAO has F centers generated due to high temperature sintering which resulted in visible emission. The aim of present study is to explore MAO sintered at high temperature for white light emission. MAO was synthesized by sol-gel method sintered at 1400°C high temperature for 4hrs. Prepared MAO was characterized by various characterization techniques; Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Fluorescence spectroscopy (FS). Peak at 674cm-1 in FTIR confirmed the formation of MAO. SEM Images showed the agglomeration of particles due to high temperature sintering Emission properties of MAO was studied by Florescence spectroscopy. MAO was excited by UV light. The emission spectra showed multicolor emission in visible region due to generation of F centers in the bandgap proving MAO as excellent material for white light emission.
Monitoring of terrestrial gamma radiation exposure in different geological Stress conditions of Uttarakhand Himalayan region, India
Authors: Prasad G , Kimothi S , Chandra S , Thapliyal A , Ramola R C
Published: June 2022

Terrestrial gamma radiation dose (TGRD) exposure on the earth’s surface establishes the linkages with the distribution of radionuclide elements in that particular environmental condition. The rate of variation of the terrestrial gamma radiation in the environment is directly associated with the regional geology and to the elemental concentration of these elements. In this study, Environmental TGRD rates (mSv/h) were measured over the three different geological conditions (Kamal valley, Tona valley and Yamuna valley) with the objective of establishing baseline data on the background radiation. An extensive survey of gamma-ray dose rate is conducted focusing the areas highly suitable for fractures and valley zones. The rocks types in the study regions are basically unconsolidated and moderately structured. The Gamma-ray dose rate at one (1) meter above the ground was measured at 46 points, using a pocket survey dosimeter which. The highest TGRD rate (0.27 mSv/h) is observed (with 35% estimation error) at the location of Rama site in the Kamal valley. Similarly, for Buthothra site of Tons valley it is found to be 0.21 mSv/h with estimation error 37% and at Rekhud site of Yamuna valley it is 0.19 mSv/h with estimation error 36%. The ranges of the gamma dose rate in other sites are also found under the recommended value with normal distribution.
Unification of common fixed point in C
*-algebra valued metric spaces
Authors: Rishi  , Kumar Deepak
Published: June 2022

In the present article, we prove some common fixed point results for two pairs of weakly compatible mappings satisfying certain type of contraction using E.A. and CLR property in C*-algebra valued metric spaces. To support the results some illustrations are provided. The proved results extend and generalize some of the results in the literature.
Mathematical Modelling to estimate Radon exhalation rates: A study on soil samples from Pangi valley of Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Kumari Punam , Kumar Gulshan , Prasher Sangeeta , Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Sushil , Mehra Rohit , Kaur Sarabjot
Published: June 2022

Radon being radioactive gas is the main source of radiation exposure in the environment. When inhaled, it may cause carcinogenic diseases due to alpha emission during the radon decay, as alpha particles may damage respiratory and alveolar epithelial cells. Thus continuous investigation of the radon level in the environment is always required. In the same, correlation between concentration of radium with radon exhalation rates in the soil samples may be very helpful to know the variation of the radon level. In present study soil samples have been collected randomly from various locations of Pangi Valley of Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh, a northern hill state of India. Radon exhalation rates in collected samples have been measured using the closed can technique in correlation to different soil parameters. Radon mass exhalation rate in soil samples have found to vary from 0.018 to 0.179 Bq kg-1 h-1 with an average value of 0.082 Bq kg-1 h-1 and area exhalation rate from 0.56 to 5.42 Bq m-2 h-1 with an average of 2.47 Bq m-2 h-1. A Mathematical model has been developed using soil parameters viz. bulk density, porosity, emanation rates, diffusion coefficients etc. and use to estimate the radon exhalation rates in soil samples. A strong positive correlation has been obtained between the theoretically estimated and experimentally measured obtained values.
Application of surfactants for better tomorrow
Authors: Fatma Ishrat , Sharma Vivek , Kumar Ashish
Published: June 2022

Surfactants are the important class of amphiphilic species, which consists of both hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic part. They are characterized by some important properties like critical micelle concentration (CMC), charge, hydrophile-lypophile balance (HLB), aggregation, and chemical structure, which make them good emulsifying, dispersing and foaming agents. Presently, the global demand of the surfactants is on the peak due to their increased applications in detergents, paints, food emulsion, biotechnological processes, biosciences, pharmaceuticals, cosmetic products, etc. In order to prevent Corona pandemic disease, WHO and other regulatory authorities have recommended frequent use of soaps and sanitizers that makes surfactants an important class of species to be explored more in terms of their applications.
X-Ray Photoelectron spectroscopy and high resolution TEM studies of glass composites
Authors: Kaur Gurbinder , Mir Rameez Ahmad , Sharma Piyush , Kumar Vishal , Singh K , Pandey O P
Published: June 2022

In the present investigation, the structural properties of glass composites have been investigated. The glass composites consist of different alkaline earth modifiers, which exhibit marked difference in their strength and optical properties. The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns have been obtained for all the samples. The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) has also been simulated from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for the GG2 sample. The binding energy spectra have been obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Modifiers exhibited an observable effect on the peak positions of the elements.
Sustainability of inventory models along with carbon emission for deteriorating goods
Authors: Mishra Seema
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we have been studied the carbon emission using the inventory model in the form of differential equation. Global warming is exacerbated by carbon emissions. Manufacturing companies are major emitters of CO2. The production inventory model is presented in this study when there is a carbon emission in the environment.

Carbon emission is the result of manufacturing and disposal process which is further increased due to deterioration. It is inevitable in every production and manufacturing firms are significantly contributing to carbon emissions. With the increase in strict norms from the government and also through various NGO’s, the firms are now made to follow green technology. In this work an inventory model is developed considering an investment that is done on controlling carbon emission. Demand is a variant of the selling price of the product. The model aims at maximizing the profit accrued along with minimizing the carbon emission cost.
Solution of Non-Linear Partial Differential Equations Using Laplace Transform Modified Adomian Decomposition Method
Authors: Aland P V , Singh P
Published: June 2022

In this paper, solution of nonlinear systems of partial differential equations compute using Laplace transform modified Adomian decomposition method (LT-MADM). The proposed method is simple and effective method which is better than Laplace transform Adomian decomposition method (LADM). The proposed method is used to demonstrate the adequacy and authenticity of the technique. Some examples are given to illustrate the process.
Is It Worth Using Botulinum Toxin Injections for the Management of Mild to Moderate Blepharoptosis?
Authors: Ludwig Gustavo David , Osaki Midori Hentona , Gameiro Gustavo Rosa , Hentona Osaki Tammy
Published: June 2022

Background

Mild ptosis can be aesthetically displeasing for patients, especially in unilateral cases. However, some patients do not desire to undergo a surgical repair. Botulinum toxin injection might be an option in these cases.

Objectives

The authors sought to objectively examine the effects of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) injection into the orbicularis oculi muscle in the management of blepharoptosis.

Methods

In this prospective study, 8 patients with mild to moderate ptosis received application of BoNT-A in the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle. Standardized photographs were obtained at baseline and 2, 4, and 24 weeks. Digital image analysis software (Image J) was employed for objective analysis. Primary outcomes were the margin reflex distance-1 and qualitative changes on a 4-point scale.

Results

A significant increase in the margin reflex distance-1 on the treated side (baseline: 2.00 ± 1.13 mm; week 2: 2.52 ± 1.13 mm; P = 0.003) and a significant reduction (baseline: 3.23 ± 0.92 mm, week 2: 3.07 ± 0.96; P = 0.0268) on the contralateral eyelid were observed at week 2. After 24 weeks, the effect of BoNT-A diminished, and no significant difference from baseline was observed in either eyelid. Subjectively, 87.5% of patients reported improvement in their eyelid ptosis.

Conclusions

Botulinum toxin injection in the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle can be an option to temporarily manage ptosis in patients who do not desire to undergo a surgical procedure. This alternative treatment can also be employed to manage temporary ptosis induced by botulinum toxin diffusion to the levator aponeurosis.

Level of Evidence: 4
Anti-Müllerian hormone treatment enhances oocyte quality, embryonic development and live birth rate
Authors: Sinha Niharika , Driscoll Chad S , Qi Wenjie , Huang Binbin , Roy Sambit , Knott Jason G , Wang Jianrong , Sen Aritro
Published: June 2022

The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) produced by the granulosa cells of growing follicles is critical for folliculogenesis and is clinically used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of female fertility. Previous studies report that AMH-pretreatment in mice creates a pool of quiescent follicles that are released following superovulation, resulting in an increased number of ovulated oocytes. However, the quality and developmental competency of oocytes derived from AMH-induced accumulated follicles as well as the effect of AMH treatment on live birth are not known. This study reports that AMH priming positively affects oocyte maturation and early embryonic development culminating in higher number of live births. Our results show that AMH treatment results in good-quality oocytes with greater developmental competence that enhances embryonic development resulting in blastocysts with higher gene expression. The transcriptomic analysis of oocytes from AMH-primed mice compared with those of control mice reveal that AMH upregulates a large number of genes and pathways associated with oocyte quality and embryonic development. Mitochondrial function is the most affected pathway by AMH priming, which is supported by more abundant active mitochondria, mitochondrial DNA content and adenosine triphosphate levels in oocytes and embryos isolated from AMH-primed animals compared with control animals. These studies for the first time provide an insight into the overall impact of AMH on female fertility and highlight the critical knowledge necessary to develop AMH as a therapeutic option to improve female fertility.
Theatre and professional training: The Trame method
Authors: Tesauro Tiziana
Published: June 2022

The article presents the method called Trame, a method designed for the professional training of doctors, nurses and social workers. The method makes the theoretical reflection of the pedagogical directors of the twentieth century dialogue with a more specifically pedagogical and sociological literature that distances itself from cognitive learning models and conceives learning as a situated and collective activity; it interfaces with Dewey (1961) and, at the same time, with pedagogical approaches that thematise theatre as an educational device (Massa, R. (eds.) (1992) La Clinica Della Formazione, Milano, Italy, Franco Angeli). It also focuses on the role that the body plays in learning processes. Theatre is done with the body and it is precisely starting from the centrality of the body that theatrical practices can ‘push’ training practices towards an overcoming of the mind/body dichotomy and a clearer focus on the intertwining between performance and training. In this perspective, Trame is configured as a method that aims to train the ‘knowledge of’ the body to develop self-awareness and reflexivity on one’s professional action.
Accelerating the 2+2+1 method for estimating local traveltime operators in nonlinear beamforming using GPU graphics cards
Authors: Sun Yimin , Silvestrov Ilya , Bakulin Andrey
Published: June 2022

Local traveltime operators are an effective way to describe local kinematic wavefronts. They are useful for many applications. One of them is nonlinear beamforming for enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio of challenging seismic data. The so-called 2+2+1 method is a pragmatic approach to estimate unknown local traveltime operators from input data. However, its efficiency still has much room for improvement when the solution space is big. We accelerate the 2+2+1 method using graphics processing unit (GPU) computing with the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) programming language. We detail the CPU- and GPU-based 2+2+1 search algorithms and demonstrate the efficiency improvement using synthetic and field data examples. Compared to a standard multi-core CPU implementation, our new GPU implementation achieves almost the same quality results at only ∼10% run-time cost.
Translating Eve: Death and Female Identity in a Funerary Hymn Ascribed to Ephrem
Authors: Doerfler Maria E
Published: June 2022

The necrosima, a collection of 85 funerary madrāshê ascribed to Ephrem the Syrian, encompasses hymns in a variety of metres, commemorating Christians of all stations and backgrounds. Scholarly interest in the necrosima peaked in the nineteenth century; in the intervening decades, the hymns have retreated into relative obscurity, a fate precipitated in part by the recognition that few appear to be of genuinely Ephremic vintage. This article participates in an effort to revive interest both in the necrosima as a corpus, and in its individual hymnic constituents—including those of uncertain provenance. To this end, it focuses on one of its most striking examples, madrāshâ 31 (In funere matrisfamilias). The latter depicts a dialogue between a deceased wife and mother and her community, wherein the former presents herself as daughter, victim, and unwitting double of Eve. The article examines the motif of Eve’s legacy in the lives of ordinary Christian women, as depicted in madrāshâ 31, in three interlocking strata: of the necrosima; of roughly contemporaneous Syriac literature; and, finally, of the madrāshâ’s putative performative context. Each stratum elucidates intertextual connections and additional layers of meaning, resulting in a more satisfyingly ‘thick’ description of the madrāshâ and its narrative.
ATRT-02. Neuropsychological function in infant atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor versus low-grade glioma survivors reflects tumor malignancy and multimodal treatment
Authors: Traunwieser Thomas , Loos Elena , Nemes Karolina , Kandels Daniela , Neumayer Petra , Neumann-Holbeck Anne , Lüttich Peggy , Baust Katja , Faulstich-Ritter Kristin , John Rainer , Kreisch Andrea , Manteufel Eva , Nest Alexandra , Prüfe Jenny , Schubert Lisa , Siebrands Joy , Stamm Walther , Timmermann Beate , Gerss Joachim , Gnekow Astrid K , Frühwald Michael C
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Therapy of infants with brain tumors predisposes these patients to increased risks for cognitive sequelae, especially following radiotherapy. Neuropsychological outcome gains importance for those 40-60% of patients with an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) who survive beyond 2 years. Still, reports on cognitive late-effects in children with ATRT are scarce compared to other pediatric brain tumor groups. We analyzed neuropsychological outcome for long-term ATRT-survivors registered in EU-RHAB and infant low-grade glioma (LGG) survivors from the SIOP-LGG 2004-study and LGG-registry. PATIENTS+METHODS: Age at diagnosis of both cohorts was 0-36 months. ATRT-patients (n=13) treated with up to 54Gy radiotherapy (median age 22 months (±7.1)) were evaluated with the “ATRT-Neuropsychology” tool based on SIOPE-BTG QoS-Group recommendations at median 6.8 years (±2.8) after diagnosis. LGG-patients (n=15) treated without radiotherapy (4/15 with chemotherapy) were analyzed with the German “Neuropsychological-Basic-Diagnostic” tool 5.2 years (±0.6) post-diagnosis. RESULTS: The ATRT- vs. LGG-cohorts were comparable for median age at diagnosis, sex-ratio and tumor-localization, though they differed slightly in median age at assessment (9.5/7.2 years (±2.5/1.1)). Results of age-appropriate tests showed increased impairments for ATRT-patients in fluid intelligence (FI) (p=.006, d=1.214) and in visual-spatial processing (VSP) (p<.001, d=2.233) compared to LGG-patients. The median for neuropsychological test results of ATRT-patients spanned from considerably below the normal to the lower normal range (median=65-90), while results of LGG-patients were mostly in the lower normal range (median=83-103). Results for psychomotor speed abilities (PMS) were distinctly below the norm for both patient groups (p=.002-.007). CONCLUSION: Infant ATRT- and LGG-patients develop significant impairments in PMS abilities following multimodal treatment. Long-term survivors of ATRT suffer from additional FI and VSP deficits. Our data suggest that high malignancy requiring multimodal treatment determines the inferior cognitive outcome for the ATRT-cohort. Long-term neuropsychological monitoring (and treatment options) should be implemented as standard of care in ATRT- and LGG-trials.