bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Versorgungsrealität patellastabilisierender Operationen
Authors: Fuchs Andreas , Frodl Andreas , Yilmaz Tayfun , Feucht Matthias J. , Hoffmann Reinhard , Dickschas Jörg , Schmal Hagen , Izadpanah Kaywan
Published: May 2022

Hintergrund

Die patellofemorale Instabilität zählt zu den häufigsten Pathologien des Kniegelenks. Die Planung und Durchführung patellastabilisierender Operationen ist sehr variabel. Bezüglich der operativen Maßnahmen kommt der präoperativen Planung, gerade im Hinblick auf die häufig hohe Komplexität der zugrundeliegenden Pathologien, eine entscheidende Bedeutung zu.

Fragestellung

Ziel dieser Studie war es, die aktuelle Versorgungsrealität in Bezug auf Planung und Durchführung patellastabilisierender Operationen unter Mitgliedern der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DGOU) abzubilden. Des Weiteren sollte erhoben werden, ob ggf. automatisierte Analysen der zugrundeliegenden Anatomie die Planung und Durchführung patellastabilisierender Operationen (im Primär- und Revisionsfall) beeinflussen würden.

Material und Methoden

Unter allen aktiven Mitgliedern der DGOU wurde per Mail eine anonymisierte Online-Umfrage mit 16 Fragen erhoben. 7974 Mitglieder wurden angeschrieben, 393 Rückmeldungen konnten anschließend analysiert werden.

Ergebnisse

Die MPFL-Plastik (89,8 %) ist die am häufigsten durchgeführte Operation zur Patellastabilisierung. Dahinter folgen Tuberositasversatzoperationen (64,9 %), Korrekturosteotomien (51,2 %) und Trochleaplastiken (19,9 %). Die Wahl bezüglich des operativen Vorgehens fällt überwiegend auf Grundlage einer Kombination aus klinischen und radiologischen Befunden (90,3 %). Für die Entscheidung zur Operation werden hauptsächlich MRT-Bildgebung (81,2 %), Standard-Röntgenbilder (77,4 %) und Beinganzaufnahmen (76,6 %) herangezogen. Insgesamt würden 59,3 % der Befragten eine automatisierte Analyse für eine vereinfachte präoperative Planung und die Detektion von entscheidenden radiologischen Parametern (59,0 %) in Anspruch nehmen, sofern diese zur Verfügung stünden.

Diskussion

Die Erhebungen dieser Umfrage unter Mitgliedern der DGOU weisen die MPFL-Plastik als zentralen Ansatzpunkt zur operativen Behandlung patellofemoraler Instabilitäten aus, diagnostisch ist die MRT-Bildgebung essenziell. Durch eine zukünftige Etablierung automatisierter Software-gestützter Analysemethoden könnte bei einer Vielzahl von Operateuren eine Erweiterung der radiologisch berücksichtigten Parameter in der Planung patellastabilisierender Operationen erreicht werden.
von Neumann’s inequality for row contractive matrix tuples
Authors: Hartz Michael , Richter Stefan , Shalit Orr Moshe
Published: May 2022

We prove that for all $$n\in {\mathbb {N}}$$

n
∈
N

, there exists a constant $$C_{n}$$

C
n

such that for all $$d \in {\mathbb {N}}$$

d
∈
N

, for every row contraction T consisting of d commuting $$n \times n$$

n
×
n

matrices and every polynomial p, the following inequality holds: $$\begin{aligned} \Vert p(T)\Vert \le C_{n} \sup _{z \in {\mathbb {B}}_d} |p(z)| . \end{aligned}$$

‖
p

(
T
)

‖

≤

C
n

sup

z
∈

B
d

|
p

(
z
)

|

.

We apply this result and the considerations involved in the proof to several open problems from the pertinent literature. First, we show that Gleason’s problem cannot be solved contractively in $$H^\infty ({\mathbb {B}}_d)$$

H
∞

(

B
d

)

for $$d \ge 2$$

d
≥
2

. Second, we prove that the multiplier algebra $${{\,\mathrm{Mult}\,}}({\mathcal {D}}_a({\mathbb {B}}_d))$$

Mult

(

D
a

(

B
d

)

)

of the weighted Dirichlet space $${\mathcal {D}}_a({\mathbb {B}}_d)$$

D
a

(

B
d

)

on the ball is not topologically subhomogeneous when $$d \ge 2$$

d
≥
2

and $$a \in (0,d)$$

a
∈
(
0
,
d
)

. In fact, we determine all the bounded finite dimensional representations of the norm closed subalgebra $$A({\mathcal {D}}_a({\mathbb {B}}_d))$$

A
(

D
a

(

B
d

)

)

of $${{\,\mathrm{Mult}\,}}({\mathcal {D}}_a({\mathbb {B}}_d))$$

Mult

(

D
a

(

B
d

)

)

generated by polynomials. Lastly, we also show that there exists a uniformly bounded nc holomorphic function on the free commutative ball $$\mathfrak {C}\mathfrak {B}_d$$

C

B
d

that is levelwise uniformly continuous but not globally uniformly continuous.
A Path FORWARD: Development of a Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Clinic to Create Health and Wellness for the Child and Adolescent with a Fontan Circulation
Authors: Rychik Jack , Goldberg David J. , Rand Elizabeth , Mancilla Edna E. , Heimall Jennifer , Seivert Nicholas , Campbell Danielle , O’Malley Shannon , Dodds Kathryn M.
Published: May 2022

Today, it is anticipated most individuals diagnosed with single-ventricle malformation will survive surgical reconstruction through a successful Fontan operation. As greater numbers of patients survive, so has the recognition that individuals with Fontan circulation face a variety of challenges. The goal of a normal quality and duration of life will not be reached by all. The hurdles fall into a variety of domains. From a cardiovascular perspective, the Fontan circulation is fundamentally flawed by its inherent nature of creating a state of chronically elevated venous pressure and congestion, accompanied by a relatively low cardiac output. Ventricular dysfunction, atrioventricular valve regurgitation, and arrhythmia may directly impact cardiac performance and can progress with time. Problems are not limited to the cardiovascular system. Fontan circulatory physiology impacts a multitude of biological processes and health parameters outside the heart. The lymphatic circulation is under strain manifesting as variable degrees of protein-rich lymph loss and immune system dysregulation. Organ system dysfunction develops through altered perfusion profiles. Liver fibrosis is ubiquitous, and a process of systemic fibrogenesis in response to circulatory stressors may affect other organs as well. Somatic growth and development can be delayed. Behavioral and mental health problems are common, presenting as clinically important levels of anxiety and depression. Most striking is the high variability in prevalence and magnitude of these complications within the population, indicating the likelihood of additional factors enhancing or mitigating their emergence. We propose that optimal care for the individual with single ventricle and a Fontan circulation is ideally offered in a comprehensive multidisciplinary manner, with attention to elements that are beyond cardiac management alone. In this report, we share the concepts, our experiences, and perspectives on development of a clinic model—the “Fontan rehabilitation, wellness and resilience development” or FORWARD program. We provide insights into the mechanics of our multidisciplinary model of care and the benefits offered serving our growing population of individuals with a Fontan circulation and their families.
Collaborative Governance for Innovative Environmental Solutions: Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Cases from Around the World
Authors: Avoyan Emma
Published: May 2022

It is common understanding that to address pressing environmental issues and ensure sustainable environmental management innovative solutions are required. Many studies have striven to understand which governance conditions enable generation of innovative solutions. However, there are very few studies in the field of management and public administration studies that investigate the combined, interactive effects of a suit of conditions on the likelihood of innovative solutions. This article uses the method of qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to investigate the complex causality of collaborative governance and innovative solutions. More specifically, it examines the combination of conditions of collaborative process, leadership, institutional design and knowledge sharing, and their joint effects on the presence or absence of innovative solutions. An analysis of 16 cases of environmental endeavors with a goal of generating innovative solutions and extracted from Collaborative Governance Case Database shows that there are 3 possible configurations or paths leading to innovative solutions. Various combinations of the above-mentioned conditions can in fact be sufficient for generating innovative solutions. The configurations provide insight into which collaborative conditions deserve attention when aiming for innovation in the field of sustainable environmental management.
Shock-buffet analysis on a supercritical airfoil with a pitching degree of freedom
Authors: Scharnowski Sven , Kokmanian Katherine , Schäfer Clara , Baur Tim , Accorinti Alessandro , Kähler Christian J.
Published: May 2022

The interaction between the transonic flow around a spring mounted OAT15A airfoil model and the resulting pitching motion of the model were investigated with the goal of understanding the dynamics of the occurring phenomena. The experiments were performed at a free-stream Mach number of 0.74, a Reynolds number of$$\mathrm{Re}_\mathrm {c}=3.1\times 10^6$$Rec=3.1×106, and a mean angle of attack of$$5.8^\circ$$5.8∘. A periodic pitch motion with an amplitude of the angle of attack of$$\pm \,0.9^\circ$$±0.9∘was observed for these flow conditions. The dominant structural frequency of the airfoil’s pitch motion was adjusted to be in the range of the natural buffet frequency of the flow with inhibited pitching motion of the model. The structural motion locks into the frequency of the shock buffet with the pitching degree of freedom at a dominant frequency of 115.5 Hz. Velocity field measurements by means of high repetition rate particle image velocimetry (PIV) were used to capture the motion of the shock and to determine the state of the boundary layer flow for the different phases of the model motion. The PIV results with high temporal resolution allow the detailed observation of the evolution of the different phases of the buffet cycle. Mean values and statistical quantities, spectra and space-time correlations were determined from the measurement data to analyze the flow effects. It was possible to estimate the convection velocity of turbulent structures in the detached boundary layer.

Graphical abstract
Effect of moisture on the nonlinear viscoelastic fracture behavior of polymer nanocompsites: a finite deformation phase-field model
Authors: Arash Behrouz , Exner Wibke , Rolfes Raimund
Published: May 2022

The mechanisms underlying damage in high-performance polymer nanocomposites are remarkably affected by hygrothermal conditions. In this study, we develop a phase-field formulation to investigate the influence of hygrothermal conditions on the nonlinear viscoelastic fracture behavior of epoxy resins and their nanocomposites at finite deformation. For this, the Helmholtz free energy, capturing the effect of temperature and moisture and nanoparticle contents, is defined based on an additive decomposition of the energy into an equilibrium, a non-equilibrium, and a volumetric contribution with different definitions under tensile and compressive loading. The coupled displacement phase-field problem is solved using a quasi-Newton monolithic algorithm and a staggered solution scheme. Numerical examples show that the monolithic algorithm is more efficient. Simulations are performed to investigate the effect of temperature, deformation rate, and moisture content on the force–displacement response of boehmite nanoparticle/epoxy samples in benchmark numerical problems. Comparing numerical predictions and experimental data for compact-tension tests shows good agreement at different nanoparticle contents. Also, the model’s capability to predict fracture patterns is evaluated using simulations of single-edge notched nanocomposite plates under tensile and shear loading.
Association of social service counseling in breast cancer patients with financial problems, role functioning and employment—results from the prospective multicenter BRENDA II study
Authors: Dayan Davut , Leinert Elena , Singer Susanne , Janni Wolfgang , Kühn Thorsten , Flock Felix , Felberbaum Ricardo , Herbert Saskia-Laureen , Wöckel Achim , Schwentner Lukas ,   BRENDA-Study Group
Published: May 2022

Background

This study examined the relationship between social service counseling (SSC) and financial and role functioning problems in primary breast cancer (BC) patients over a 5-year observation period.

Methods

In the multicenter prospective study, patients were approached before surgery (t1), before initiation of adjuvant treatment (t2), after therapy completion (t3), and 5 years after surgery (t4). We examined the proportion of BC survivors who had financial and role functioning problems and the proportion who were employed at t4. We examined how frequently patients were informed about, offered, or used SSC, and we used multivariate logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between this and financial and role functioning problem prevalence.

Results

Of the 456 BC survivors, 33% had financial problems and 22% reported role functioning problems at t4. There was no evidence that women with increased financial problems were informed about SSC more often than those without (OR 1.1, p = 0.84) or that they used SSC more often (OR 1.3, p = 0.25). However, women with role functioning problems were informed about SSC significantly more often (OR 1.7, p = 0.02) and attended counseling significantly more often (OR 1.6, p = 0.03). Among participants aged < 65 years at t4 (n = 255), 70% were employed. Patients who had received SSC were more likely to be employed at t4 than patients who did not (OR 1.9, p = 0.04).

Conclusion

These findings underline the importance of SSC for BC patients with role functioning issues. They indicate that individuals who use SSC are more likely to be employed later on than individuals who do not.
Evidence for the role of Rab11-positive recycling endosomes as intermediates in coronavirus egress from epithelial cells
Authors: Saraste Jaakko , Enyioko Mary , Dale Hege , Prydz Kristian , Machamer Carolyn
Published: May 2022

After their assembly by budding into the lumen of the intermediate compartment (IC) at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi interface, coronaviruses (CoVs) are released from their host cells following a pathway that remains poorly understood. The traditional view that CoV exit occurs via the constitutive secretory route has recently been questioned by studies suggesting that this process involves unconventional secretion. Here, using the avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) as a well-established model virus, we have applied confocal microscopy to investigate the pathway of CoV egress from epithelial Vero cells. We report a novel effect of IBV infection on cellular endomembranes, namely, the compaction of the pericentrosomal endocytic recycling compartment (ERC) defined by the GTPase Rab11, which coincides with the previously described Golgi fragmentation, as well as virus release. Despite Golgi disassembly, the IC elements containing the major IBV membrane protein (M)—which mostly associates with newly formed virus particles—maintain their close spatial connection with the Rab11-positive endocytic recycling system. Moreover, partial colocalization of the M protein with Rab11 was observed, whereas M displayed negligible overlap with LAMP-1, indicating that IBV egress does not occur via late endosomes or lysosomes. Synchronization of virus release using temperature-shift protocols was accompanied by increased colocalization of M and Rab11 in vesicular and vacuolar structures in the pericentrosomal region and at the cell periphery, most likely representing IBV-containing transport carriers. In conclusion, these results add CoVs to the growing list of viruses exploiting the endocytic recycling apparatus defined by Rab11 for their assembly and/or release.
Antibiotic prescribing for children with upper respiratory tract infection: a Finnish nationwide 7-year observational study
Authors: Korppi Matti , Heikkilä Paula , Palmu Sauli , Huhtala Heini , Csonka Péter
Published: May 2022

Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a self-limiting viral infection and should not be treated with antibiotics. The aim was to evaluate antibiotic prescriptions for children with uncomplicated URTI in a large nationwide private clinic network between 2014 and 2020. Special focus was given to macrolide prescriptions and costs. The data were obtained from the electronic health records (EHR) of the largest private healthcare company in Finland (with about 250,000 paediatric visits annually across the country). The collected variables included diagnoses, age, visit year, speciality of the doctor, and prescribed antibiotics. The number of uncomplicated URTIs in < 18-year-old children was 156,187 (53.0% in boys). The prescription rate of antibiotics decreased from 18.0% in 2014 to 8.8% in 2020, and that of macrolides from 6.1 to 1.7%. The costs decreased accordingly. Paediatricians prescribed antibiotics less often than general practitioners or ear, nose, and throat specialists.

Conclusion: Antibiotic prescriptions for uncomplicated URTIs, especially macrolides, decreased substantially during the 7-year surveillance period; however, 8.8% of children still received unnecessary antibiotics. To further reduce unwarranted antibiotic prescriptions, active interventions are needed that can be performed by applying the available EHR system.

What is Known:• Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is the most common infection in children. Uncomplicated URTI is a self-limiting viral infection, and antibiotic treatment is not warranted.

What is New:• Almost 9% of children with uncomplicated URTIs still received unnecessary antibiotics. Paediatricians prescribed antibiotics less often than general practitioners or ear, nose, and throat specialists. To further reduce unwarranted antibiotic prescriptions, active interventions are needed that can be performed by applying the available EHR system.
Stage-dependent niche segregation: insights from a multi-dimensional approach of two sympatric sibling seabirds
Authors: Fromant Aymeric , Arnould John P. Y. , Delord Karine , Sutton Grace J. , Carravieri Alice , Bustamante Paco , Miskelly Colin M. , Kato Akiko , Brault-Favrou Maud , Cherel Yves , Bost Charles-André
Published: May 2022

Niche theory predicts that to reduce competition for the same resource, sympatric ecologically similar species should exploit divergent niches and segregate in one or more dimensions. Seasonal variations in environmental conditions and energy requirements can influence the mechanisms and the degree of niche segregation. However, studies have overlooked the multi-dimensional aspect of niche segregation over the whole annual cycle, and key facets of species co-existence still remain ambiguous. The present study provides insights into the niche use and partitioning of two morphologically and ecologically similar seabirds, the common (CDP, Pelecanoides urinatrix) and the South Georgian diving petrel (SGDP, Pelecanoides georgicus). Using phenology, at-sea distribution, diving behavior and isotopic data (during the incubation, chick-rearing and non-breeding periods), we show that the degree of partitioning was highly stage-dependent. During the breeding season, the greater niche segregation during chick-rearing than incubation supported the hypothesis that resource partitioning increases during energetically demanding periods. During the post breeding period, while species-specific latitudinal differences were expected (species specific water mass preference), CDP and SGDP also migrated in divergent directions. This segregation in migration area may not be only a response to the selective pressure arising from competition avoidance between sympatric species, but instead, could reflect past evolutionary divergence. Such stage-dependent and context-dependent niche segregation demonstrates the importance of integrative approaches combining techniques from different fields, throughout the entire annual cycle, to better understand the co-existence of ecologically similar species. This is particularly relevant in order to fully understand the short and long-term effects of ongoing environmental changes on species distributions and communities.

This work demonstrates the need of integrative multi-dimensional approaches combining concepts and techniques from different fields to understand the mechanism and causal factors of niche segregation.
A machine learning analysis of difficulty scoring systems for laparoscopic liver surgery
Authors: Ruzzenente Andrea , Bagante Fabio , Poletto Edoardo , Campagnaro Tommaso , Conci Simone , De Bellis Mario , Pedrazzani Corrado , Guglielmi Alfredo
Published: May 2022

Introduction

In the last decade, several difficulty scoring systems (DSS) have been proposed to predict technical difficulty in laparoscopic liver resections (LLR). The present study aimed to investigate the ability of four DSS for LLR to predict operative, short-term, and textbook outcomes.

Methods

Patients who underwent LLR at a single tertiary referral center from January 2014 to June 2020 were included in the present study. Four DSS for LLR (Halls, Hasegawa, Kawaguchi, and Iwate) were investigated to test their ability to predict operative and postoperative complications. Machine learning algorithms were used to identify the most important DSS associated with operative and short-term outcomes.

Results

A total of 346 patients were included in the analysis, 28 (8.1%) patients were converted to open surgery. A total of 13 patients (3.7%) had severe (Clavien–Dindo ≥ 3) complications; the incidence of prolonged length of stay (> 5 days) was 39.3% (n = 136). No patients died within 90 days after the surgery. According to Halls, Hasegawa, Kawaguchi, and Iwate scores, 65 (18.8%), 59 (17.1%), 57 (16.5%), and 112 (32.4%) patients underwent high difficulty LLR, respectively.

In accordance with a random forest algorithm, the Kawaguchi DSS predicted prolonged length of stay, high blood loss, and conversions and was the best performing DSS in predicting postoperative outcomes. Iwate DSS was the most important variable associated with operative time, while Halls score was the most important DSS predicting textbook outcomes. No one of the DSS investigated was associated with the occurrence of complication.

Conclusions

According to our results DDS are significantly related to surgical complexity and short-term outcomes, Kawaguchi and Iwate DSS showed the best performance in predicting operative outcomes, while Halls score was the most important variable in predicting textbook outcome. Interestingly, none of the DSS showed any correlation with or importance in predicting overall and severe postoperative complications.

Graphical abstract
Early postoperative endoscopic evaluation of rectal anastomoses: a prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Axt Steffen , Haller Kristin , Wilhelm Peter , Falch Claudius , Martus Peter , Johannink Jonas , Rolinger Jens , Beltzer Christian , Axt Lena , Königsrainer Alfred , Kirschniak Andreas
Published: May 2022

Background

Reported incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL) of rectal anastomoses is up to 29% with an overall mortality up to 12%. Nevertheless, there is no uniform evidence-based diagnostic procedure for early detection of AL.

The objective of this prospective clinical trial was to demonstrate the diagnostic value of early postoperative flexible endoscopy for rectal anastomosis evaluation.

Methods

Flexible endoscopy between 5 and 8th postoperative day was performed consecutively in 90 asymptomatic patients. Sample size calculation was made using the two-stage Simon design. Diagnostic value was measured by management change after endoscopic evaluation. Anastomoses were categorized according to a new classification. Study is registered in German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00019217).

Results

Of the 90 anastomoses, 59 (65.6%) were unsuspicious. 20 (22.2%) were suspicious with partial fibrin plaques (n = 15), intramural hematoma and/or local blood coagulum (n = 4) and ischemic area in one. 17 of these anastomoses were treated conservatively under monitoring. In three a further endoscopic re-evaluation was performed and as consequence one patient underwent endoscopic vacuum therapy. 11 (12.2%) AL were detected. Here, two could be treated conservatively under monitoring, four with endoscopic vacuum therapy and five needed revision surgery. No intervention-related adverse events occurred. A change in postoperative management was made in 31 (34.4%) patients what caused a significant improvement of diagnosis of AL (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Early postoperative endoscopic evaluation of rectal anastomoses is a safe procedure thus allows early detection of AL. Early treatment for suspicious anastomoses or AL could be adapted to avoid severe morbidity and mortality.

Graphical abstract
Life style and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Reichmann Heinz , Csoti Ilona , Koschel Jiri , Lorenzl Stefan , Schrader Christoph , Winkler Juergen , Wüllner Ullrich
Published: May 2022

The question whether life style may impair the advent or course of the disease in patients with Parkinsonism is of great importance for patients and physicians alike. We present here comprehensive information on the influence of the environment, diet (especially caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, chocolate and dairy products), physical activity and sleep on risk and course of Parkinson’s disease.
Teaching the Virtual Brain
Authors: Hernández-Aceituno Javier , Arnay Rafael , Hernández Guadalberto , Ezama Laura , Janssen Niels
Published: May 2022

As a complex three-dimensional organ, the inside of a human brain is difficult to properly visualize. Magnetic Resonance Imaging provides an accurate model of the brain of a patient, but its medical or educational analysis as a set of flat slices is not enough to fully grasp its internal structure. A virtual reality application has been developed to generate a complete three-dimensional model based on MRI data, which users can explore internally through random planar cuts and color cluster isolation. An indexed vertex triangulation algorithm has been designed to efficiently display large amounts of complex three-dimensional vertex clusters in simple mobile devices. Feedback from students suggests that the resulting application satisfactorily complements theoretical lectures, as virtual reality allows them to better observe different structures within the human brain.
Capital, Inequality, and Volunteering
Authors: Eimhjellen Ivar
Published: May 2022

In this paper, I adopt Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical and methodological framework to investigate patterns of inequality in volunteering fields and practices in Norway. Multiple correspondence analyses of national survey data indicate a hierarchically structured social space in Norway according to total volume of capital, while the positioning of different volunteer fields and practices seems to be more egalitarian with regard to capital possession, with some exceptions. This resonates well with established notions of the Norwegian civil society model as social democratic and egalitarian. Based on the discussions and findings, and considering growing social, cultural, and economic differences in many societies, I argue for a new volunteering research agenda better tailored for investigating social inequalities and differentiation in volunteering in different societal contexts, providing a new vantage point for understanding and explaining such inequalities.
Studium ohne Schutzkonzepte?
Authors: Wolff Mechthild , Schröer Wolfgang
Published: May 2022

Schutzkonzepte in Studiengängen Sozialer Arbeit, aber auch an den Hochschulen allgemein sind keine Selbstläufer, sondern die beteiligten Akteur_innen müssen intensiv und zeitaufwendig über deren Notwendigkeit und Nutzen unterrichtet werden. Im Interview mit Sozial Extra schildert Mechthild Wolff (Hochschule Landshut) ihre lange Erfahrung mit der Implementierung von Schutzkonzepten und macht deutlich, dass es in dieser Hinsicht bis 2035 noch viel zu tun gibt.
Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Strategies for Use in Local Communities
Authors: Choueiri Roula , Garrison William T. , Tokatli Valerie
Published: May 2022

Early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is essential for improved outcomes. There is a paucity of data on the prevalence of ASD in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), but early identification may be further delayed in those communities. In this paper, recent studies on strategies for the early detection of ASD, and the prevalence of ASD in LMIC are reviewed. The limitations that can arise in the early identification of ASD in LMIC communities are discussed, and screening tools and strategies that can be helpful are identified. The goal is to recommend models that are culturally appropriate and scientifically valid, easily integrated within community settings while strengthening community systems and reducing disparities in the early identification of ASD. Starting locally by simplifying and demystifying the ASD identification process and building community connections will inform global researchers and policymakers while making a difference in the lives of the children and families affected by ASD.
Business model archetypes for data marketplaces in the automotive industry
Authors: Bergman Rômy , Abbas Antragama Ewa , Jung Sven , Werker Claudia , de Reuver Mark
Published: May 2022

Policymakers and analysts are heavily promoting data marketplaces to foster data trading between companies. Existing business model literature covers individually owned, multilateral data marketplaces. However, these particular types of data marketplaces hardly reach commercial exploitation. This paper develops business model archetypes for the full array of data marketplace types, ranging from private to independent ownership and from a hierarchical to a market orientation. Through exploratory interviews and case analyses, we create a business model taxonomy. Patterns in our taxonomy reveal four business model archetypes. We find that privately-owned data marketplaces with hierarchical orientation apply the aggregating data marketplace archetype. Consortium-owned data marketplaces apply the archetypes of aggregating data marketplace with additional brokering service and consulting data marketplace. Independently owned data marketplaces with market orientation apply the facilitating data marketplace archetype. Our results provide a basis for configurational theory that explains the performance of data marketplace business models. Our results also provide a basis for specifying boundary conditions for theory on data marketplace business models, as, for instance, the importance of network effects differs strongly between the archetypes.
Major ions, trace elements and evidence of groundwater contamination in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Vu Hung , Merkel Broder , Wiche Oliver
Published: May 2022

Groundwater contamination is a critical issue in Hanoi because it affects the water supply and treatment of a crowded city. This study aimed to explore the groundwater quality across the whole area of Hanoi city and identify potential contamination sources. 206 groundwater samples were collected in the Holocene and Pleistocene aquifers during two consecutive seasons (rainy 2015 and dry 2016) to assess the groundwater contamination and understand which elements can be used as tracers for future monitoring. As a result, the spatial distributions of major ions (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl−, and SO42−) and some selected elements (As, Li, Sr, Ba, Mn, Fe, Al, B, Br, total nitrogen (TN), and P) were obtained. Distributions of elements and contaminants varied not only on depth and regions (aquifers) but also season-wise. In the upper aquifer, SO42−, B, As, Br−, TN, and P concentrations were significantly higher than the common range. In the south of Hanoi city, we found elevated Li, Na, K, Mg, Cl− and Br concentrations in the Pleistocene aquifer. Additionally, the concentrations of such as As, Sr, Ba, Mn, Fe did not follow a clear pattern. Their concentrations seem to be predominantly influenced by geological processes controlling the study area's hydro-geochemical environment. However, high concentrations of SO42−, B, Br−, TN, and P, particularly in central Hanoi, supported the idea of contamination from the surface. This study's results might help managers foster sustainable groundwater resource strategies.
Phylogenetic and ecological reevaluation of the order Onygenales
Authors: Kandemir Hazal , Dukik Karolina , de Melo Teixeira Marcus , Stielow J. Benjamin , Delma Fatima Zohra , Al-Hatmi Abdullah M. S. , Ahmed Sarah A. , Ilkit Macit , de Hoog G. Sybren
Published: May 2022

The order Onygenales is classified in the class Eurotiomycetes of the subphylum Pezizomycotina. Families in this order have classically been isolated from soil and dung, and two lineages contain causative agents of superficial, cutaneous and systemic infections in mammals. The ecology and habitat choices of the species are driven mainly by the keratin and cellulose degradation abilities. The present study aimed to investigate whether the ecological trends of the members of Onygenales can be interpreted in an evolutionary sense, linking phylogenetic parameters with habitat preferences, to achieve polyphasic definitions of the main taxonomic groups. Evolutionary processes were estimated by multiple gene genealogies and divergence time analysis. Previously described families, namely, Arthrodermataceae, Ajellomycetaceae, Ascosphaeraceae, Eremascaceae, Gymnoascaceae, Onygenaceae and Spiromastigoidaceae, were accepted in Onygenales, and two new families, Malbrancheaceae and Neogymnomycetaceae, were introduced. A number of species could not be assigned to any of the defined families. Our study provides a revised overview of the main lines of taxonomy of Onygenales, supported by multilocus analyses of ITS, LSU, TUB, TEF1, TEF3, RPB1, RPB2, and ribosomal protein 60S L10 (L1) (RP60S) sequences, combined with available data on ecology, physiology, morphology, and genomics.
The V2 receptor antagonist tolvaptan counteracts proliferation and invasivity in human cancer cells
Authors: Marroncini G. , Anceschi C. , Naldi L. , Fibbi B. , Baldanzi F. , Maggi M. , Peri A.
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Hyponatremia, the most frequent electrolyte alteration in clinical practice, has been associated with a worse prognosis in cancer patients. On the other hand, a better outcome has been related to serum sodium normalization. In vitro studies have shown that low extracellular sodium promotes cancer cells proliferation and invasiveness. Tolvaptan, a selective vasopressin receptor type 2 (V2) antagonist, has been effectively used in the last decade for the treatment of hyponatremia secondary to the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis. A few in vitro data suggested a direct role of tolvaptan in counteracting cancer progression, so far. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and the mechanism of action of tolvaptan in cell lines from different tumours [i.e. colon cancer (HCT-8), hepatocarcinoma (HepG2), neuroblastoma (SK-N-AS)].

Methods and results

First, we showed that these cell lines express the V2 receptor. Tolvaptan significantly reduced cell proliferation with an IC50 in the micromolar range. Accordingly, reduced levels of cAMP, of the catalytic α subunit of PKA, and a reduced pAKT/AKT ratio were observed. Tolvaptan effectively inhibited cell cycle progression, whereas it induced apoptotis. Furthermore, it reduced cell invasiveness. In particular, anchorage-independent growth and the activity of collagenases type IV were blunted in the three cell lines. Accordingly, tolvaptan counteracted the RhoA/ROCK1–2 pathway, which has a pivotal role in regulating cell movement.

Conclusions

Overall, these findings indicate that tolvaptan effectively inhibits tumour progression in vitro. Further studies should clarify whether the V2 receptor might be considered a possible target in anti-cancer strategies in the future.
One-Step Solvometallurgical Process for Purification of Lithium Chloride to Battery Grade
Authors: Avdibegović Dženita , Nguyen Viet Tu , Binnemans Koen
Published: May 2022

The use of lithium in manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries for hybrid and electric vehicles, along with stringent environmental regulations, have strongly increased the need for its sustainable production and recycling. The required purity of lithium compounds used for the production of battery components is very high (> 99.5%). In this work, a solvometallurgical process that exploits the differences in solubility between LiCl and other alkali and alkaline-earth chlorides and hydroxides in ethanolic solutions has been investigated for the purification of LiCl to battery grade at room temperature. A closed-loop flowsheet based on the green solvent ethanol is proposed for purification of LiCl, a precursor for battery-grade LiOH·H2O. High-purity LiCl solution (> 99.5% Li) could be obtained in a single-process step comprising the simultaneous selective dissolution of LiCl and the precipitation of Mg(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2 using LiOH·H2O in 95 vol% ethanol. However, the analogous process in aqueous solution resulted in impure LiCl (typically less than about 75%).

Graphical Abstract
Proper -colorings of are Bernoulli
Authors: RAY GOURAB , SPINKA YINON
Published: May 2022

We consider the unique measure of maximal entropy for proper 3-colorings of
$\mathbb {Z}^{2}$
, or equivalently, the so-called zero-slope Gibbs measure. Our main result is that this measure is Bernoulli, or equivalently, that it can be expressed as the image of a translation-equivariant function of independent and identically distributed random variables placed on
$\mathbb {Z}^{2}$
. Along the way, we obtain various estimates on the mixing properties of this measure.
Attitudes toward policies to encourage influenza vaccination in long-term care facilities: A national survey of US adults aged 50–80 years
Authors: Johnson Kimson E. , Malani Preeti N. , Kirch Matthias , Solway Erica , Singer Dianne C. , Kullgren Jeffrey T.
Published: May 2022

In October 2017, the National Poll on Healthy Aging surveyed a nationally representative sample of 2,007 adults aged 50–80 years to assess attitudes toward influenza (flu) vaccination policies in long-term care facilities. Support for requiring vaccinations was lowest for visitors. Policy makers can use these findings to develop sustainable vaccination strategies.
Representations of Latinos in a Democratic Party Campaign in the United States: Identity Ownership, Narratives, and Values
Authors: Larrosa-Fuentes Juan S.
Published: May 2022

In the 2016 United States presidential election, candidates Trump and Clinton embraced the demands of certain social groups and in this way, politically and symbolically, chose to “own” the social identities of these groups. Trump decided to attack the Latino community, while Clinton positioned herself as an advocate for this community. This article presents the results of a social narrative analysis of the values that Clinton and her team used to reach out to Latino communities during the 2016 election. The Spanish-language messages produced by the Democratic campaign compose the sample, which includes blog posts, Facebook posts, tweets, and television ads. Clinton’s campaign produced narratives about who the “good Latinos” are and, consequently, the “good immigrants” while at the same time promoting values such as globalism, cosmopolitanism, and multiculturalism. Paradoxically, these narratives and values failed to portray Latinos’ diversity because they left out this community’s historical, social, and cultural complexity.
Sacrificial Fathers and the Death of Their Children: How the Story of Job Challenges the Priestly Tradition
Authors: Awabdy Mark A. , Häner Tobias
Published: May 2022

Job’s burnt offerings for his sons and daughters followed by their death (Job 1) resembles the sequence of Aaron’s burnt offerings for himself and his sons followed by the death of his oldest sons (Lev 8–10). Within this common sequence of events, the two stories share a cluster of important, identical lexemes. Although it is not impossible that these features could have resulted unintentionally from a shared scribal culture, the textual evidence is strong enough to indicate that the scribe of Job’s prologue alludes to the priestly inauguration story of Leviticus 8–10. By reading Job after Leviticus, one sees the sharp contrast between the divine silence following Job’s intermediary sacrifices (Job 1:5, 18–19) and the divine response both to Aaron’s and to Nadab and Abihu’s sacrifices (Lev 9:22–10:3). This study clarifies how the story of Job rejects a mechanistic understanding not only of traditional wisdom, but of the Priestly cultic tradition of ancient Israel and Judah.
An Archaeology of Ancient Thought: On the Hebrew Bible and the History of Ancient Israel
Authors: Pioske Daniel
Published: May 2022

The question of how to approach the Hebrew Bible as a source for the histories we write of ancient Israel continues to divide scholars. This study responds to such concerns by pursuing an approach informed by a historicized view of knowledge, or a framework in which the claims we make are understood to be reflective of the eras in which they are realized. What this line of research encourages, I argue, are historical investigations into the underlying modes of knowing that would have contributed to the stories told in the biblical writings. Since knowledge about the past is itself historical, this study contends that it is necessary to situate such claims in time, examining the normative assumptions of an era that establish the parameters by which this knowledge is organized and granted credibility. The epistemic conditions that gave rise to the stories recounted in the Hebrew Bible are as much an object of historical interest, on this view, as the stories themselves for assessments of what evidence they might offer.
The Rise of the Holy Spirit in Sixteenth-Century Kabbalah
Authors: Afterman Adam
Published: May 2022

This article examines the development and transformation of the holy spirit within Jewish mysticism. It begins with a brief analysis of primary trends concerning the holy spirit in biblical, rabbinic, and medieval Jewish texts that served as crucial material for the holy spirit’s ascendence in sixteenth-century Jewish mysticism. Following, it examines the writings of leading Jewish mystics: Moses Cordovero, Elijah de Vidas, and Ḥayyim Vital, who resided in the remote Galilean town of Safed. These luminaries each developed the concept of the holy spirit along a spectrum of pneumatic, fusionary, mystical, and revelatory experiences. Ultimately, they transformed the holy spirit into the peak experience of Jewish mystical life— experienced as prophecy, sanctification, and embodiment. This article highlights an important, yet understudied, Jewish mystical phenomenon.
Artificial-intelligence and sensing techniques for the management of insect pests and diseases in cotton: a systematic literature review
Authors: Toscano-Miranda R. , Toro M. , Aguilar J. , Caro M. , Marulanda A. , Trebilcok A.
Published: May 2022

Integrated pest management (IPM) seeks to minimize the environmental impact of pesticide application, and reduce risks to human and animal health. IPM is based on two important aspects – prevention and monitoring of diseases and insect pests – which today are being assisted by sensing and artificial-intelligence (AI) techniques. In this paper, we surveyed the detection and diagnosis, with AI, of diseases and insect pests, in cotton, which have been published between 2014 and 2021. This research is a systematic literature review. The results show that AI techniques were employed – mainly – in the context of (i) classification, (ii) image segmentation and (iii) feature extraction. The most used algorithms, in classification, were support vector machines, fuzzy inference, back-propagation neural-networks and recently, convolutional neural networks; in image segmentation,k-means was the most used; and, in feature extraction, histogram of oriented gradients, partial least-square regression, discrete wavelet transform and enhanced particle-swarm optimization were equally used. The most used sensing techniques were cameras, and field sensors such as temperature and humidity sensors. The most investigated insect pest was the whitefly, and the disease was root rot. Finally, this paper presents future works related to the use of AI and sensing techniques, to manage diseases and insect pests, in cotton; for instance, implement diagnostic, predictive and prescriptive models to know when and where the diseases and insect pests will attack and make strategies to control them.
Citric acid incorporated in a chitosan film as an active packaging material to improve the quality and duration of matured cheese shelf life
Authors: Ressutte Jéssica Barrionuevo , da Silva Saranti Tascila Ferreira , de Moura Márcia Regina , dos Santos Pozza Magali Soares , da Silva Scapim Mônica Regina , Stafussa Ana Paula , Madrona Grasiele Scaramal
Published: May 2022

Chitosan-based film incorporated with citric acid was prepared by the casting method for application in a Brazilian matured cheese. Three formulations of cheese were processed, with the intention of evaluating the application of a starter culture and the effect of the film in terms of its physiochemical, microbiological, and sensorial characteristics. It was observed by scanning electron microscopy (sem) analysis that the film has a homogeneous appearance, and the crosslinking between citric acid and chitosan was confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The cheese with chitosan-based film presented lower weight loss (5.2%) and showed antimicrobial activity against aerobic mesophilic bacteria. All samples showed high rates of sensorial acceptability (>79%), with no significant differences between them. It is apparent that the chitosan film maintained the typical cheese characteristics. Therefore, chitosan and citric acid film can be used to improve the characteristics of matured cheese and extend its shelf life.
Maritime trading networks and late imperial China's imperfect rediscovery of Southeast Asian geography, 1500–1740
Authors: Holroyd Ryan Edgecombe , Wang Kuan-Chi
Published: May 2022

This article shows that the descriptions of Southeast Asian geography contained in Ming and Qing Chinese sources that used observations collected from contemporary mariners reflect the structure of the maritime trading networks in the region. It examines several Chinese textual studies of Southeast Asia, navigational rutters, and maps, and uses geographic information system mapping to visualise and compare the extent of the authors’ and cartographers’ knowledge of the region. The article then takes the findings and situates them in the context of early modern Southeast Asian economic history to explain how the Chinese networks were transformed.
The logical problem of the incarnation: a new solution
Authors: Sijuwade Joshua R.
Published: May 2022

This article aims to provide a new solution to the Logical Problem of the Incarnation by proposing a novel metaphysical reconstrual of the method of reduplicative predication. This reconstrual will be grounded upon the metaphysical thesis of ‘Ontological Pluralism, proposed by Kris McDaniel and Jason Turner, and the notion of an ‘aspect’ proposed by Donald L. M. Baxter. Utilising this thesis and notion will enable the method of reduplicative predication to be further clarified, and the central objection that is often raised against this approach can be successfully answered.
Blanche Evan'sFilm Studies of the Dance: The “Technique Problem” and the Creation of New Forms in 1930s Revolutionary Dance
Authors: Harris Andrea
Published: May 2022

This article examinesFilm Studies of the Dance, a dance film created in 1935 by Blanche Evan, Lionel Berman, and David Wolff. The film premiered Evan's new system of dance training, Functional Technique, to the 1930s New York revolutionary dance community. I analyze the film and Functional Technique inside of the debates over technique and content that preoccupied left-wing modern dancers in this period. Ultimately,Film Studies of the Danceemerges as a collaborative attempt by Evan, Berman, and Wolff to create new approaches to dance and film that would unify form and content to further socially conscious art making.