bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of snowmelt regime on phenology of herbaceous species at and around treeline in Western Himalaya, India
Authors: ADHIKARI Bhupendra S. , KUMAR Rahul
Published: December 2020

The present study attempts to investigate the phenological changes of herbaceous plant species in early snowmelt microsite and late snowmelt microsite in treeline ecotone (3200-3300 m asl) at Tungnath, western Himalaya. Four sites, each with two microsites (early snowmelt: ES and late snowmelt: LS) were selected and within each microsite, 3 quadrats (1x1m each) were permanently laid and studied for phenology. Eighty-six species were recorded, of which the proportion of perennial forbs, hemicryptophytes and natives was 90, 84 and 70%, respectively. The early phenophase was noticed in the majority of species in ES microsite than that of LS microsite and the timing of different phenophases varied among microsites. The vegetative phase peaked July (75.6%), while flowering, fruiting and seed maturation phases peaked in August (72.1% and 23.3%, respectively) and 71% species attained the senescence during September. This indicates that species might adapt to the different adaptation to a warming climate. Immediately after the snowmelt 10 species were observed in flowering, while 11 species were in the bud development phase. Comparing 13 common species of the present study with those of past in same or similar study areas indicates that timing and duration of vegetative and flowering phenophase (77% and 69%, respectively) have advanced and lengthened, while fruiting and seed maturation have shortened. Furthermore, phenophase initiation has advanced for flowering (69% species), fruiting (46% species) and senescence (38% species) phases. It seems that the early snowmelt influences spring phenology of herb species on the microsite level and may continue to influence the overall phenology of species for the whole growing season in timberline.
Geospatial analysis-based approach for assessing urban forests under the influence of different human settlement extents in Ibadan city, Nigeria
Authors: OLOKEOGUN Oluwayemisi S. , OLADOYE Abiodun O. , AKINTOLA Oluwatoyin O.
Published: December 2020

Urban forests are an essential component of urban areas as they provide many environmental and social services that contribute to the quality of life in cities. Urban forests in most cities of Nigeria are gradually becoming bitty as a result of urbanization activities, thereby posing adverse effects. In this study, we assessed the changes in the urban forests cover under the influence of different human settlement (HS) extents across the urban area of Ibadan city using remotely sensed data. The pattern of change(s) in the urban forests cover over 20 years were examined by analysing and manipulating Landsat and Sentinel-2 datasets using Google Earth Engine, ArcGIS 10.1, and Erdas 2014 software. The extents of human settlement (for the year 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020) were extracted (from Landsat datasets), analysed, and mapped to evaluate the status of the urban forests cover under different human settlement extents. The result reveals a substantial land cover changes within the urban area of Ibadan.  The urban forest cover decreased from 24.14% to 7.99%. Also, there is a significant decrease in the urban forests cover as a result of a substantial increase in human settlement extent (102,806 to 122,572 pixels). The study provides an opportunity to map the status of urban forest cover and extents of HS in a developing city using remotely sensed data and applications of GIS tools.
Technological Capabilities of Hydrocarbonyl Processes in the Concentration and Separation of Platinum Group Metals
Authors: Fedoseev I. V. , Kotlyar Yu. A. , Vasekin V. V. , Rovinskaya N. V.
Published: December 2020

The principal possibility of processing the industrial poor collective concentrates of platinum group metals (pgms) using a hydrocarbonyl technology with the selective concentration of pgms from poor multicomponent chloride and chloride-sulfate solutions with the subsequent production of pure pgms is shown.
Refugiados e migrantes em campanhas públicas: dar voz a quem não tem voz
Authors: Belim Célia
Published: December 2020

Este artigo foca-se no potencial persuasivo das campanhas de comunicação pública sobre refugiados e migrantes. A partir da análise da retórica a suportes (n=62), conclui-se que o discurso adota uma tática retórica assente na proposta aristotélica: ethos, pathos e logos. Os resultados indicam: 1) o uso da credibilidade da fonte e do sujeito ativo, construindo a impressão de que são dignos de confiança; 2) ao nível do pathos, a instigação da dimensão afetiva, motivando, potencialmente e com valor positivo, a empatia, o compadecimento, o exercício de reflexão, o reconhecimento do erro dos preconceitos, o peso da responsabilidade, o ímpeto a agir e a resolver problemas, a gratificação por ajudar e a consciencialização do contributo para algo positivo e, com valor negativo, a frustração e a culpa; 3) ao nível do logos, a força do realismo – alicerçada nos dados estatísticos, factos, exemplos e personalizações –, dos recursos estilísticos como a metáfora, do uso do ponto de interrogação e da riqueza e multiformismo da criatividade.
“Eles”, venezuelanos, e a crise na Venezuela: práticas discursivas na revista Veja
Authors: Martins Moisés de Lemos , Marcondes Valéria
Published: December 2020

Este artigo analisa a reportagem intitulada “Fuga de uma ditadura: a saga dos venezuelanos no Brasil”, da autoria de Jennifer Ann Thomas, publicada, em 2019, pela revista brasileira Veja. O objeto são os refugiados e a crise na Venezuela. Foram identificadas as estruturas discursivas utilizadas para representar os outros, no caso, os imigrantes venezuelanos. E foram analisadas as expressões linguísticas, que simbolizam e produzem as diferenças entre “eles” (os outros, a Venezuela e os seus cidadãos) e “nós” (o Brasil e os brasileiros). A conclusão a que chegámos é a de que o discurso sobre o outro, que na reportagem da Veja compreende também as estatísticas e as fontes próximas do poder governamental, apenas dizem o que é adequado que os públicos da revista saibam, ou seja, os seus leitores. Em síntese, a análise desta reportagem da revista Veja permite concluir que nela ocorre a reprodução do discurso hegemónico sobre “o outro”, um discurso reducionista, conservador e nacionalista. A nossa linha de orientação semiológica tem como referência teórica a Semiótica Social (Martins, 2002/2017), uma disciplina das Ciências Sociais e Humanas, que tem como preocupação essencial estabelecer as condições de possibilidade social do sentido e que, em termos semânticos e pragmáticos, procede à interpretação explicativa e compreensiva dos discursos. Por outro lado, sendo o nosso propósito a compreensão dos processos de construção social do outro, ou seja, a compreensão dos processos de construção social das identidades, inspiramo-nos na corrente de pensamento, que ficou conhecida na Europa como a “filosofia da diferença” (Descombes, 1998; Foucault, 1966; Levinas, 2002; Martins, 2019; Ricoeur, 1991).
Discursos migrantes: estratégias de construção de nós e os outros em discursos jornalísticos de opinião
Authors: Marques Maria Aldina , Ramos Rui
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo analisa o tratamento mediático do fluxo migratório em direção à Europa num período de intensa visibilidade da questão na imprensa nacional (setembro e outubro de 2015), num corpus de textos de opinião e títulos de outros textos jornalísticos de três publicações generalistas de referência no âmbito nacional. Recorre aos fundamentos teóricos e aos instrumentos metodológicos da análise do(s) discurso(s), tomada em sentido amplo (Adam, 2011; Berthoud & Mondada, 1995; Charaudeau, 1997, Moirand 1999, 2006; Rabatel & Chauvin-Vileno 2006, nomeadamente), para descrever e analisar a construção discursiva das imagens dos migrantes em contraste com as dos europeus, com saliência para a dêixis pessoal, as escolhas lexicais e os processos de modalização, marcados nos discursos. Conclui que o discurso dos média foi fundamental para a construção discursiva do acontecimento social protagonizado pela chegada massiva de refugiados e migrantes à Europa. Essa construção articula-se em torno de dois grupos, nós e eles. Na atividade de referenciação levada a cabo, ocorre um processo de categorização e recategorização que aponta para a construção de um grupo homogéneo, eles, os outros, em torno de diferentes designações, mas maioritariamente em torno da designação “refugiado”. Em contraste com tal homogeneidade, o grupo constituído por nós, os europeus, está fraturado por dissensos em torno de valores, frequentemente marcados em estruturas paralelísticas opositivas. Os modos de referenciação, que convocam o conhecimento partilhado sobre a guerra, e a modalidade avaliativa enquadram o posicionamento dos locutores-enunciadores envolvidos na construção da opinião pública e conferem aos discursos uma vertente emocional forte.
A crise dos refugiados: sequências narrativas e emoção em crónicas/reportagens ou a narrativa ao serviço da persuasão
Authors: Duarte Isabel Margarida
Published: December 2020

Pretende mostrar-se, num corpus ad hoc de textos dos média centrados na crise dos refugiados, de que forma alguns mecanismos linguísticos e, mais especificamente, enunciativo-pragmáticos contribuem para a construção de um discurso empático, usado para fins argumentativos. Esses textos jornalísticos estão entre a crónica e a reportagem. Tomam partido, embora não o façam explicitamente, através de um conjunto de argumentos lógicos, objetivamente arrumados e assumidos pelo locutor, mas antes através de narrativas que têm os refugiados como fonte de informação e como protagonistas e, às vezes, como narradores primeiros. Por meio dessas narrativas, o locutor procura aproximar-se da vivência trágica relatada pelos refugiados e trazê-la para perto do leitor, cuja empatia (Lencastre, 2011) visa conquistar. A empatia linguística (Rabatel, 2017) traduz-se em mecanismos enunciativos como pôr-se no lugar do outro, assumindo a sua voz, para compreender o seu ponto de vista. As sequências narrativas, mas também as descritivas e dialogais (Adam, 2005) estão ao serviço dessa empatia, através da qual se procura conseguir a persuasão do alocutário. Serão elencados vários mecanismos que contribuem para a mesma estratégia discursiva de convencimento do alocutário, através da patemização do discurso. Conclui-se que a emoção no discurso (Plantin, 2011), que leva à empatia, é maior se for protagonizada pela voz de pessoas com nome e histórias situadas em espaços que se podem descrever, pondo palavras relatadas, narrativas e descrições ao serviço da construção da tese que os locutores jornalistas defendem.
The System of Automated Control over the Modes of Electric Adsorption Devices for Selective Cleaning of Gas Emissions
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia, Merentsov N. A. , Persidskiy A. V. ,   Federal Research and Production Center “Titan-Barrikady”, Volgograd, Russia, Topilin M. V. ,   OOO LUKOIL-Engineering VolgogradNIPImorneft, Volgograd, Russia, Golovanchikov A. B. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia
Published: December 2020

The scheme and algorithm of automated control over the modes of operation of electric adsorption mass transfer devices for selective purification of gas emissions are presented on the example of a continuous electric adsorber with a moving bed of adsorbent. The principle of automated control consists in self-adaptation of the mass exchange system to the reference (optimal) performance indicators, due to the imposition of regulated electric fields of a given intensity on the adsorption processes and recognition of the most effective hydromechanical modes of washing sorbent surfaces with a continuous phase using the turbulization index, i.e., assessing the contribution of the inertial component of the structure filtration flow of a continuous phase through a sorbent layer. A self-adaptive system for automated control of electrical adsorption processes will allow achieving the highest rates of gas emissions purification, with optimal energy consumption for the implementation of mass transfer processes and will provide an opportunity to smooth out technological, large-scale and other factors inherent in specific mass transfer processes and apparatus designs. The most important feature of the developed self-adaptive control system is its multifunctionality and a wide range of variation of operating modes from energy-saving optimal to emergency capture modes in cases of emergency emissions and unforeseen surges in the concentrations of harmful trapped substances from the continuous gas phase flow.
Creating Virtual Educational Environment with the Quest Technology
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Nemtinov V. A. , Borisenko A. B. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Nemtinova Yu. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Morozov V. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Rodina A. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Belousov O. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the creation of a virtual educational environment associated with the functioning of three centers for collective use of Tambov State Technical University, using special equipment (panoramic camera Insta360 Pro 6 with fish-eye lenses, viewing angle of each lens 200°). The 3D Vista Virtual Tour software was chosen as the development environment for the virtual tour, using functions related to e-learning and automatic integration with Moodle LMS. The virtual space of the created educational environment provides an opportunity for the existence of various forms of educational communication, based on the capabilities of modern teaching aids and modern information and communication technologies, allows providing conditions for improving the quality of education, exchange of views, mutual consultation, including increasing the level of professional competencies of applicants and students.
Recovery Current Sinusoidality Distortion in the Control System of Forced Discharge of Batteries into the Mains
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Frolov S. S. , Shatilov D. A. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2020

The requirements for the reverse recovery current sinusoidality are high. Therefore, when developing programs for microcontrollers for a universal system of pulse-width modulation of the recovery current, it is important to have information on the dependences of the sinusoidality distortion degree on the relationship between the total electromotive force of the battery and the mains voltage, the amplitude of the recovery current, the inductance of the active rectifier coil, through which it flows, as well as between the frequencies of the network and the control PWM signal. The results of research into the development of a microcontroller modulation system for a routine forced (training or diagnostic) discharge of storage batteries into a single-phase network are presented. The sought expressions for the dependences of the sinusoidality distortion degree are obtained on the basis of the results of the spectral transformation of the regenerative current function obtained in MathCAD when the latter is formed by the control signal with single-stroke double-sided PWM-2.
The Analysis of the Power Supply System Reliability with Relay Protection Fail-Safe Features
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, Russia, Zatsepina V. I. , Astanin S. S. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, Russia
Published: December 2020

The problem of reliability of relay protection systems and automation is considered. Based on the analysis results, for the construction of automation systems, a number of mathematical expressions have been proposed that allow at the design stage to assess the fault tolerance of the power supply system with the selected protection devices, thereby simplifying the process of choosing the most preferred system based on the obtained indicators.
The Development of Models and Algorithms for Unmanned Control of Agricultural Machinery Using Virtual and Augmented Reality Technologies
Authors:   “University “Dubna”, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia, Averkin A. N. , Lishilin M. V. ,   “University “Dubna”, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia, Dorokhin V. A. ,   “University “Dubna”, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia, Teryaev L. N. ,   “University “Dubna”, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the development of models and algorithms for creating a software and hardware complex for automatic unmanned control of agricultural machinery. A three-dimensional model of the test area in the virtual reality format, a set of basic motion control algorithms, and a simulation model of a software and hardware complex are described.
A Study of Diffusion Permissibility of MK-40 Membrane in Thermodynamic Conditions
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Gatapova N. Ts. , Dzhubari M. K. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Alekseeva N. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: December 2020

The temperature modes of operation of ion-exchange membranes in an electrodialysis apparatus are described. The diffusion permeability of the MK-40 ion-exchange membrane has been experimentally investigated under the conditions of a temperature difference across the membrane at various concentrations of an aqueous solution of sodium chloride. The differences in the diffusion permeability of the membrane in thermostatic and thermodynamic modes are shown. The nature of the influence of the temperature drop across the membrane of aqueous sodium chloride solutions on changes in the value of the diffusion permeability coefficient of the MK-40 membrane was determined.
CALS Technologies in Mechanical Engineering Using the Example of Developing Three-Dimensional Models of Typical Products
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Popova A. A. , Shubin I. N. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Aliev R. E. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: December 2020

Three-dimensional models of the body parts were developed using the basic 3D modeling operations (rotation, extrusion, threading, etc.) of the T-FLEX CAD 3D CAD system, which made it possible to significantly simplify the work with assembly 3D models representing a complex structure consisting of a large number of parts. During the trial operation, the advantages of using the T-FLEX CAD 3D CAD system have been proven when working with complex 3D models. The advantages of using the program in the machine-building cluster are shown.
The Effect of Temperature and Duration of Loading on Carrying Capacity and Stress-Strain Properties of Glued Wood
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Yartsev V. P. , Suzyumov A. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Kryukova A. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Sazonov A. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Shefatov D. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: December 2020

The paper describes the problem of identifying the properties of a glue-wood beam in operation (with prolonged loading and variable temperature). Tests were carried out on model structures with prolonged transverse bending and constant temperature variations. During the tests, the values of stresses and deflections were recorded in a wide range of loads and temperatures. Stress diagrams are plotted for all investigated models. The results obtained showed that the presence of an adhesive layer significantly affects the bearing capacity and deformability of wood, which must be taken into account when designing wooden structures.
Enhancing Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) skills of gifted students through an enrichment program challenges and opportunities
Authors: ALABDULLATİF Malak
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to explore the challenges of developing a plan for an enrichment program with more focus on the SRL of gifted students. The plan included three phases: preparation, implementation, and development. In the preparation phase, the program was designed and initially applied for evaluation and improvement. The implementation phase included two experiments. The first one, a summer enrichment program, was conducted with an experimental group only. It consisted of twenty male students in the intermediate stage in KSA. The Wilcoxon test was conducted. Results showed statistically significant differences between the pre and post-tests of the experimental group for the SRL. It showed also statistically significant differences between the pre-and post-tests of the cognitive test. The second experiment consisted of twenty male and female students from the eighth grade of the Renzulli Academy in the USA. The Mann-Whitney test for independent groups yielded that there were no statistically significant differences between the medians of the experimental and control groups in SRL. Moreover, the results of the Wilcoxon test showed no statistically significant differences between the medians of the experimental group on the pre-and post-tests of the SRL. During the development phase, the program's presenters were interviewed to investigate the efficacy of the implementations. The results of the interviews revealed clarity and diversity in aspects of nurturing the gifted in the program, which led to a smooth implementation. They also showed some critical difficulties, such as the lack of sustainability and some administrative obstacles.
THE INFLUENCE OF TSUNAMI RELOCATED HOUSING ON THE CHANGES IN THE ACEH COASTAL MOUNTAIN NATURE AND IMPACT ON ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES
Authors: Wulandari Elysa , Zahriah Zahriah , Fuadi Zahrul , Sabila Farisa
Published: December 2020

Abstract - This paper reveals how the land use change process occurred due to the construction of post-tsunami relocation housing environments, and its impact on the pattern of daily economic activities of local communities in the coastal hilly areas. This study is important along with UU no. 24 Tahun 2007 concerning disaster management that disaster reconstruction activities must take into account the character of the local community and environmental sustainability. The phenomenological approach in this study is by observing the symptoms of the interaction between the artificial environment of the estate settlement, rural environment, and local residents-immigrants and the impact of the system's sustainability in the region. The data such as: 1) pre-tsunami and current land use maps (2020); 2) observation data, regarding daily activities of economic activities in the area; 3) interviews with community leaders to explain the dynamics of local people's economic activities. The analysis method uses a manual interaction diagram system, to read the causality structure which analyzed with “logic of space”. The results are: a) the location of relocated housing has shifted the location of livestock grazing and agricultural gardens towards hills as well as developing mining business activities C about 0.5-1Km from the housing, which is at risk of natural hazards; b) the housing environment somehow hinders the people’s daily freedom of movement and livestock towards the hills. Livestock sometimes cross residential areas and even eat plants in house yards and green open spaces and these disturb the comfort of residential residents. The conclusion is that the pattern of placing the relocated housing environment has created “space in space” which changes the pattern of community home-range activities. Suggestions for the sustainability of the economic life of local residents and the comfort of living for newcomers are the need for a strategy to organize an official route of movement to the hills and to make improvements to land for the hills, as well as the obligation to permanently fence off the housing environment. Both things are done with systems approach and synergize the interests of local communities and migrant communities. Keywords – relocated housing, vernacular settlements, hilly coastal areas, spatial behavior, Aceh Besar
ARSITEKTUR TROPIS PADA TATA RUANG DAN PERMUKIMAN DI KAMPUNG PULO GARUT
Authors: Aprita Dita Rizkia , Anisa Anisa
Published: December 2020

Tradisional menurut KBBI merupakan cara berpikir dan bertindak yang selalu berpegang teguh pada norma. Tradisional masih berkaitan dengan kesenian,ciri khas budaya dan permukiman. Permukiman tradisional merupakan hal terpenting ketiga setelah sandang dan pangan yang sangat dibutuhkan masyarakat. Permukiman merupakan suatu wadah tempat terbentuknya suatu komunitas dengan tujuan bermasyarakat satu dengan yang lainnya. Permukman tradisional merupakan hal yang sering diketahui oleh kebanyakan orang,terutama permukiman tradisional Sunda. Pada dasarnya permukiman Sunda sama dengan permukiman tradisional lainnya hanya saja konsep tata ruang dan konsep permukiman saja yang berbeda. Adapun permukiman yang ingin dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah permukiman sunda lebih tepatnya Kampung Pulo Garut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan penerapan arsitektur tropis pada tata ruang dan pola permukiman tradisional Sunda. Adapun penerapan teori yang akan dikaji menggunakan beberapa aspek tropis dan pengkajian yang akan di analisis hanya beberapa aspek tropis,yaitu kenyamanan termal,suhu udara,kelembaban,pergerakan udara,intesitas matahari dan curah hujan.Adapun  metode yang akan digunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun tujuan yang akan menjadi hasil dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan penerapan arsitektur tropis pada permukiman tradisional serta mengetahui hubungan faktor iklim dengan pola tata ruang.
Management of multiple rib fractures-results from a Major Trauma Centre with the review of the existing literature
Authors:   Specialty Registrars, Emergency Medicine, Royal Preston Hospital, England, United Kingdom, Chowdhury Dr. D. , Okoh Dr. P. ,   Specialty Registrars, Emergency Medicine, Royal Preston Hospital, England, United Kingdom, Dambappa Dr. H. ,   Specialty Registrars, Emergency Medicine, Royal Preston Hospital, England, United Kingdom
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Rib fractures are amongst the most common fractures following major traumapresenting to the Emergency Department. The impact of rib fractures is even more significant in thepatient with underlying chronic respiratory conditions. Aim: To assess our current management ofrib fractures at our trauma center. Method: The current study collected our data from the TARNRegistry primarily focussing on patients with multiple rib fractures. The main components were theanalgesic requirement of our patients. The number of rib fracture stabilization procedures and theaverage number of ribs fixed were also studied. Results: The data were collected retrospectivelyover 12 months. There were 313 patients identified as having chest wall injuries. From the data,41.9% (131) of patients were over the age of 65 years. A significant proportion of our patients34.5% (108) were noted to have multiple rib fractures (>3 Ribs). It was noted that 3% (9) of the313 patients required operations. The average of the patients included in the study was noted to be61 years with an age range of 17-92 years. Conclusion: The mainstay management of rib fractureis a provision of adequate analgesia and the prevention of respiratory complications that can allstem from poor ventilatory function amongst other patient factors and injury patterns. Through thedecades, surgical stabilization has gained pace and has found its niche in the management of ribfractures.
A descriptive study on the hypertensive crisis in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors:   Professor, Department of General Medicine, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Sangivalasa, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Rao Dr. Salla Surya Prakasa , Ramani Dr. Salla Sweta ,   DNB(CTVS), Ex. Registrar, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, King George Hospital, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Kiran Dr. Pudi Venkat Sai ,   Post-Graduate, Department of General Medicine, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Prasad Dr. Siddanati Kiran ,   Internee, Department of General Medicine, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: December 2020

Objective: The objective of the present study, A Descriptive study on Hypertensive Crisis inVisakhapatnam, India was to evaluate the modes of presentations, clinical profile, and spectrum oftarget organ damage in patients with hypertensive emergencies. Material and Methods: The studypopulation included patients admitted in this hospital with severely elevated blood pressure withclinical or laboratory evidence of acute target organ damage. Result: The clinical and laboratoryprofile of 50 of these patients were evaluated. Males had higher chances of developing ahypertensive emergency compared to females. The commonest presenting symptoms were chestpain, dyspnoea, and neurological deficit. The majority of the patients have known hypertensives.Higher levels of blood pressure at presentation were associated with an adverse outcome. Acute LVFwas the commonest target organ damage observed. In-hospital mortality of 14% was observed inthe present study. Conclusion: Known hypertensives are at a higher risk of presenting with acutetarget organ damage associated with chest pain. Acute LVF is the commonest form of target organdamage encountered in the present study.
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, A.S. Dr. Jagadish. , Vikranth Dr. Vikranth ,   Postgraduate resident, Department of Pediatrics, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, B. Dr. Ravichander ,   Professor and Head of Department, Department of Pediatrics, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Published: December 2020

Background: Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation ( NIPPV) as primary respiratorysupport in neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) has not been studied. The presentstudy applied the use of NIPPV as a treatment modality in MAS and tried to identify factorspredicting NIPPV failure. Objective: The aim was to identify failure rates of MAS on NIPPV andpotential predictors of NIPPV failure. Design: Observational analytical study. Methods: 86 neonateswere admitted during the study period of 2 years of which 60 were included and NIPPV was appliedas the primary modality of respiratory support with available ventilators. Outcome variables werecompared between the MAS infants who failed NIPPV and those who were successfully managedwith NIPPV. Results: 7 neonates (11.7%) out of 60 enrolled neonates failed on NIPPV. There was asignificant decrease in Downe score, respiratory rate, heart rate, fio2 requirement after 6 hourscompared to a baseline measurement (p<0.01). On univariate analysis factors associated withNIPPV failure were high Fio2, high PEEP, at one hour of starting NIPPV (p<0.05). However, onlogistic regression none of the factors were predicting failure independently. Conclusion: NIPPVapplied early may reduce the need for mechanical ventilation in neonates with moderate to severeMAS.
Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Sık Görülen Enfeksiyonlar, Gram-negatif Mikroorganizmalar, Antibiyotik Direnci
Authors: ŞENOL Arzu , ÖZER BALIN Şafak
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde yatan hastaların çeşitli klinik örneklerinden izole edilen Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ve Acinetobacter baumannii’nin dağılımlarının, ilaç direnç oranlarının ve bu oranların yııllara göre değişiminin saptanması, böylece akılcı antibiyotik uygulaması ve direncin önlenmesine katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: İzole edilen suşların kolistin, tigesiklin, meropenem, imipenem ve trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol direnç oranları retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Üreyen bakterilerin identifikasyonu ve antibiyotik duyarlılık testleri VITEK 2 Compact ve MicroScan WalkAway 96 otomatize sistemi (kolistin için mikrotüp dilüsyon ) kullanılarak belirlenmiş ve Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) önerilerine göre değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde en sık gözlenen mikroorganizma A. baumannii (%57.2) olarak saptanmıştır. Hastane enfeksiyonu olarak ventilatörle ilişkili pnömoni (%94.1), santral venöz kateterle ilişkili kan dolaşım enfeksiyonu (%45.2) ve kateter ilişkili üriner sistem enfeksiyonu (%44) görülmüştür. A.baumannii, P.aeruginosa ve K.pneumoniae’da meropenem, imipenem ve trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol direnç oranları yüksek bulunmuştur. Tüm mikroorganizmalara karşı en düşük direnç oranına sahip antibiyotiğin kolistin olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: En yüksek duyarlılığa sahip antimikrobiyalin kolistin olması nedeniyle özellikle çok ilaca dirençli suşlara karşı kolistin tek başına veya diğer antibiyotiklerle kombine olarak kullanılabilir. E.coli’de karbapenemler ve trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol duyarlı suşlarda kullanılabilir. Antibiyotik duyarlılık test sonuçlarına göre tedavi başlanması ve düzenli sürveyans takibinin yapılması, yoğun bakım ünitelerinde uygun antibiyotik kombinasyonları seçilmesine ve dirençli mikroorganizmaların azaltılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
TECHNICAL PROCESS OF LOW- HEAD POWER INSTALLATIONS BASED ON RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES
Authors: MUKhAMMADIEV Muradulla Mukhammadievich , MAMADIEROV Erkin Karshievich , URIShEV Boborakhim Urishevich , DZhURAEV Kurbon Salikhdzhanovich
Published: December 2020

Technical process of compound low-head power installation containing hydropower station is viewed. Optimum utilization of renewable energy resources and operating stages control are considered.
Aspectos avaliativos do desenvolvimento infantil na atenção básica: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Araújo Bruna Cândido , Gerzson Laís Rodrigues , De Almeida Carla Skilhan
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O acompanhamento ofertado aos bebês potencializa o seu desenvolvimento. Objetivos: revisar na literatura atual como acontece a vigilância da saúde do bebê na atenção básica (AB) no Brasil, os métodos avaliativos utilizados pelos profissionais que trabalham com o público infantil e como é realizado o encaminhamento dos bebês com atraso no desenvolvimento infantil para o atendimento especializado. Métodos: revisão integrativa com busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, LILACS, PEDro, Scielo, Google Acadêmico, do início das bases até setembro/2018. A busca utilizou os descritores “vigilância da saúde da criança”, “puericultura”, “desenvolvimento infantil”, “atenção básica” e “atendimento especializado”, associados a seus termos sinônimos e seus equivalentes em inglês. Resultados: foram encontrados 130 estudos, dos quais 32 foram selecionados para análise detalhada, e, desses, oito foram incluídos na revisão. Verificou-se que as práticas mais comuns são a avaliação do crescimento e orientações aos pais. A utilização de testes específicos para o desenvolvimento não é uma prática comum na AB. Acerca do encaminhamento para o serviço especializado, os artigos que abordam o tema não deixam claro como é feito tal processo. Conclusões: No Brasil, não há uma avaliação precoce criteriosa do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor infantil, nos serviços de AB, bem como os bebês somente são encaminhados quando lesão neurológica ou atraso são evidentes.
Prevalência de parasitos intestinais em pacientes atendidos um laboratório de análises clínicas de um município do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Ferkito Marcos Vinicius , Dalzochio Thais
Published: December 2020

Introdução: As parasitoses intestinais são caracterizadas como um grave problema relacionado à saúde pública no Brasil. Tais doenças estão associadas às condições socioculturais, como nível de escolaridade, renda, saneamento básico, hábitos de higiene, idade do indivíduo, entre outros. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de parasitos intestinais em pacientes atendidos em um laboratório de análises clínicas do município de Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo de caráter observacional, descritivo, retrospectivo e de abordagem quantitativa em que foram analisados 1808 laudos de exame parasitológico de fezes (EPF) realizados, em um laboratório de análises clínicas do município de Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, no período de 1 janeiro de 2016 a 31 dezembro de 2018. Resultados: Foram encontrados parasitas em 5,3% das amostras analisadas. A Endolimax nana foi o parasito mais prevalente (37,5%), seguida da Giardia lamblia (27,1%) e Entamoeba coli (21,9%). Foi observada uma maior prevalência de parasitos intestinais em pacientes do sexo masculino (54,1%), sendo que, em relação à idade, o maior percentual de amostras positivas (42,7%) foi verificado em crianças. Foram analisadas 3.235 amostras, sendo que, entre os pacientes com exame parasitológico de fezes (EPF) negativo, 59,1% (1012/1712) coletaram apenas uma amostra, 4,0% (69/1712) coletaram duas amostras e 36,9% (631/1712) coletaram três amostras. Quanto aos pacientes com EPF positivo, 47,9% (46/96) destes, coletaram apenas uma amostra, 4,1% (4/96) coletaram duas amostras e 47,9% (46/96) coletaram três amostras. Conclusão:Nas amostras avaliadas, observou-se uma menor prevalência de parasitos intestinais, quando comparado a outros estudos realizados no Brasil e no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Entretanto, a presença de parasitos intestinais na população como E. nana e G. lamblia, indicam contaminação fecal, e constitui um mau indicador das condições socioeconômicas, ambientais e sanitárias.
Características e repercussões da simulação como estratégia para o ensino-aprendizagem em enfermagem: revisão integrativa
Authors: Santos Laleska Carvalho , Conceição Karine Oliveira , Melo Matheus Santos , Barreiro Maria do Socorro Claudino , Cartaxo Freitas Carla Kalline Alves , Verdes Rodrigues Iellen Dantas Campos
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O ensino da ciência da enfermagem passa por um momento de transmutação para empreender componentes curriculares que superem o conceito médio de qualidade. Sendo assim, a simulação clínica adquire importância crescente, pois se utiliza de tecnologias para reproduzir cenários que simulam a prática, em ambiente controlado e realista, permitindo o alinhamento da prática à teoria, a atualização das técnicas do cuidado, reflexão sobre o saber fazer e como está fazendo, ganho de confiança, desenvolvimento da agilidade, além de enriquecer a vivência clínica a partir da experimentação de situações diversas. Objetivo: Identificar as características e repercussões do uso da simulação como estratégia para o ensino-aprendizagem em enfermagem. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada no período de novembro a dezembro de 2019, nas bases de dados BDENF, LILACS e PUBMED, por meio dos descritores enfermagem, simulação, ensino, aprendizagem e educação. Foram encontradas 362 publicações, das quais 14 fizeram parte da amostra final. Para análise dos estudos foi construído um quadro contendo asprincipais características dos trabalhos. Resultados: Identificaram-se estudos que abordaram os modelos de simuladores, as temáticas de aplicação dos cenários e as consequências de sua aplicação. Foi unânime a identificação dos benefícios nas habilidades cognitivas e não cognitivas gerados pela implementação da estratégia de ensino simulado. Verificou-se que a maior parte dos estudos realizou a simulação de alta fidelidade (42,9%), seguida pela de baixa fidelidade (35,7%) e o paciente simulado (7,1%). Constatou-se que os estudos abordaram as seguintes temáticas: dor, imunização e atendimento ao hipertenso, ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, problemas respiratórios, diabetes, avaliação cardiotorácica, feridas, e saúde mental. Quanto às repercussões, pode-se destacar estímulo ao estímulo ao pensamento crítico-reflexivo, crescimento pessoal e profissional, melhoria da destreza na realização de procedimentos, favorece ensino clínico de maneira humana e holística, favorece relação interpessoal e a comunicação. Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou identificar as características e repercussões do uso da simulação como estratégia de ensinoaprendizagemem enfermagem.
UKRAINIAN STUDIES IN THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF NEW EUROPEAN SCIENCE
Authors: Usatenko Tamara , Halyna Usatenko
Published: December 2020

The article, based on a study of the formation and development of Ukrainian studies in the crisis of classical science, analyzes the transformation of modern European science from Descartes to the present, the contradictions of high ideals of the Enlightenment about man, people, and human-based foundations of postclassical Ukrainian studies. The study describes Ukrainian studies in the context of fundamental changes in modern European science and the separation of the humanities from the natural science discussions of unity - the separation and search for the unity of the humanities and natural sciences. The role of Ukrainian studies in the formation of the Ukrainian literary language, spelling, literature, the establishment of scientific research in the processes of cultural and historical revival, social, national-revolutionary movements are revealed. The general theoretical scientific basis of Ukrainian studies is analyzed, noting specific features in classical and non-classical science. In the context of the research, the peculiarity of Ukrainian studies as a holistic, multiple, human-dimensional science is revealed, in the structure of which parts express the nature of the whole and give it specific properties. Apart from the integral structure, the parts acquire other object features. The article emphasizes that rethinking the role of Ukrainian studies in science, education, in all spheres of life is a powerful basis for the consolidation of the Ukrainian nation. There are well-founded arguments that the renewed Ukrainian studies, having passed a difficult path of formation, rise and prohibitions, oblivion, revival becomes the foundation for new post-classical science.
FEATURES OF THE UKRAINIAN MENTALITY AS A BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF DIASPORAS
Authors: Shakhno Yulia
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of the study of the main archetypes and features of the Ukrainian national character in their translational/restraining influence on the process of diaspora formation. It is proven that the “borderline” existence of the Ukrainian people determined the features of their mental code, which in turn programs the historical reality. Therefore, the mentality, acting as a fundamental condition for the existence of the ethnophore, is considered by us as an important factor in building multilevel social relations, including those outside the maternal ethnos. The article substantiates the urgency of the problem of mental determination in the conditions of temporal challenges of today and emphasizes the direct reflection of the dialectic of existence of the Ukrainian people in their worldview. Historical retrospective testifies to the predisposition of Ukrainians to group life forms and the preservation of national-specific identifiers. On the other hand, the contradictory essence of the main mental features enshrines the “principle of situationality” of the separation process in the conditions of foreign ethnic majority. The diasporal dimension of studying the problem allows to recourse to leveling the negativism of particular mental attitudes. It is argued that axiological priorities as the basis for the differentiation of objects, phenomena and processes of the objective world are a necessary condition for the formation of a social individual within both maternal and foreign ethnic environment. Their extrapolation to social relations makes it possible to outline the basic behavioral mechanisms and to reflect on actions, through which individual experience is projected. It is that very individual experience that becomes an important factor in the re/integration of the diaspora representatives and the process of institutionalization of ethnic minorities.
The mythology of electronic money in the culture of the information society
Authors:   Katanov Khakass State University, Nikitin Anton
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to define the specific features of the mythology of electronic money in the culture of the information society. There are determined three main aspects of the problem. First, the mythology of money includes a number of misconceptions in the field of economic knowledge. The main misconception is the idea that electronic money is primarily a material carrier of information about the number of monetary units in an account. In this misconception, information and the form of its presentation are an inseparable whole. Second, the modern mythology of money is represented by irrational ideas about how money can be acquired. In particular, it is idea that electronic money appears as a result of the game of chance, as a consequence of luck, as a «miracle». Third, the mythology of money is a secondary semiotic system, it is a set of additional meanings that reflect the impact of the world of finance on man and society. Features of the mythology of electronic money as a secondary semiotic system are a mystification of money, the interpretation of money as a magical force that is beyond the control of people, but affects them. The mystification trend is directly related to the peculiarities of electronic money itself: it is not a thing and has no significance.
Essays: myths and dead ends of artificial intelligence
Authors: Boldachev Alexander
Published: December 2020

The article contains an analysis of the philosophical foundations of the very idea of creating and implementing artificial intelligence via comparison by analogy with the hypothetical concept of "artificial life". The logical and conceptual unfoundedness of common definitions of artificial intelligence is demonstrated. The article offers the understanding of intelligence as an exclusively natural way of solving tasks, and not as a common function that can be implemented on the basis of other technologies. The conclusion is made about the inexpediency of direct replacement of a human with devices with artificial intelligence without a fundamental change in the basic principles of organizing field of activity. The questionableness of the idea of creating general artificial intelligence as a universal local device with a unified architecture in the presence of many specialized devices is substantiated. Doubts are expressed about the effectiveness of the application of evolutionary methods and learning procedures in the design of devices that solve tasks that are considered intelligent.