bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of changing exposure to PM2.5 on mortality for US diplomats with multiple international relocations: a modelling study
Authors: Edwards Leslie , Milner James , Wilkinson Paul , Milojevic Ai
Published: October 2024

Background

Current evidence linking long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and mortality is primarily based on persons that live in the same residence, city and/or country throughout the study, with few residential moves or relocations. We propose a novel method to quantify the health impacts of PM2.5 for United States (US) diplomats who regularly relocate to international cities with different PM2.5 levels.

Methods

Life table methods were applied at an individual-level to US mortality statistics using the World Health Organization’s database of city-specific PM2.5 annual mean concentrations. Global Burden of Disease concentration-response (C-R) functions were used to estimate cause-specific mortality and days of life lost (DLL) for a range of illustrative 20-year diplomatic assignments for three age groups. Time lags between exposure and exposure-related mortality risks were applied. Sensitivity analysis of baseline mortality, exposure level, C-R functions and lags was conducted. The effect of mitigation measures, including the addition of air purifiers, was examined.

Results

DLL due to PM2.5 exposure for a standard 20-year assignment ranged from 0.3 days for diplomats’ children to 84.1 days for older diplomats. DLL decreased when assignments in high PM2.5 cities were followed by assignments in low PM2.5 cities: 162.5 DLL when spending 20 years in high PM2.5 cities compared to 62.6 DLL when spending one of every four years (5 years total) in a high PM2.5 city for older male diplomats. Use of air purifiers and improved home tightness in polluted cities may halve DLL due to PM2.5 exposure. The results were highly sensitive to lag assumptions: DLL increased by 68% without inception lags and decreased by 59% without cessation lags for older male diplomats.

Conclusion

We developed a model to quantify health impacts of changing PM2.5 exposure for a population with frequent relocations. Our model suggests that alternating assignments in high and low PM2.5 cities may help reduce PM2.5-related mortality burdens. Adding exposure mitigation at home may help reduce PM2.5 related mortality. Further research on outcome-specific lag structures is needed to improve the model.
Process evaluation findings from Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities 2.0: a cardiovascular disease prevention intervention for rural women
Authors: Szeszulski Jacob , Rolke Laura J. , Ayine Priscilla , Bailey Regan , Demment Margaret , Eldridge Galen D. , Folta Sara C. , Graham Meredith L. , MacMillan Uribe Alexandra L. , McNeely Andrew , Nelson Miriam E. , Pullyblank Kristin , Rethorst Chad , Strogatz David , Seguin-Fowler Rebecca A.
Published: October 2024

Background

Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities 2.0 (SHHC-2.0) was a 24-week cardiovascular disease prevention program that was effective in improving physical activity and nutrition behaviors and clinical outcomes among women in 11 rural New York, USA towns. This study evaluated the delivery of SHHC-2.0 to prepare the intervention for further dissemination.

Methods

This process evaluation was guided by the Medical Research Council recommendations and engaged program leaders and participants (i.e., women over age 40) using quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative evaluation included examination of enrollment and retention data, a participant survey, and a fidelity checklist completed after classes. Descriptive and comparative statistics were used to assess implementation measures: program reach, participant attendance, dose delivered, program length, perceived effectiveness, fidelity, and participant satisfaction. The qualitative evaluation included focus groups (n = 13) and interviews (n = 4) using semi-structured guides; audio was recorded and transcripts were deductively coded and analyzed using directed content analysis and iterative categorization approaches. Comparisons across towns and between intervention and waitlist control groups were explored.

Results

Average reach within towns was 7.5% of the eligible population (range 0.7-15.7%). Average attendance was 59.8% of sessions (range 42.0-77.4%). Average dose delivered by leaders was 86.4% of curriculum components (range 73.5-95.2%). Average session length was 51.8 ± 4.8 min across 48 sessions. Leaders’ perceived effectiveness rating averaged 4.1 ± 0.3 out of 5. Fidelity to curricular components was 81.8% (range 67.4-93.2%). Participants reported being “more than satisfied” with the overall program (88.8%) and the health benefits they obtained (72.9%). Qualitative analysis revealed that participants: (1) gained new knowledge and enjoyable experiences; (2) perceived improvements in their physical activity, nutrition, and/or health; (3) continued to face some barriers to physical activity and healthy eating, with those relating to social support being reduced; and (4) rated leaders and the group structure highly, with mixed opinions on the research elements.

Conclusions

SHHC-2.0 had broad reach, was largely delivered as intended, and participants expressed high levels of satisfaction with the program and its health benefits. Our findings expand on best practices for implementing cardiovascular disease prevention programs in rural communities.

Clinical trials Registration

www.clinicaltrials.gov #NCT03059472.
RELAX (REducing Levels of AnXiety): a study protocol for a parallel two-arm randomised controlled trial evaluating a web-based early intervention for pregnant women with high levels of repetitive negative thinking to prevent escalating anxiety during pregnancy and after birth
Authors: Volkmer Brittannia , Sawjani Yogini , Newburn Mary , Bennett Jo , McGovern Megan , Bridle Laura , Towner Nathalie , McCabe Laura , Clark Katherine , Webster Sophie , Hylton-Potts Alison , Mayer Lucy , Senevirante Gertrude , Bick Debra , Newby Jill , Goldsmith Kimberley , Moulds Michelle L. , Hirsch Colette
Published: October 2024

Background

Perinatal anxiety is common: up to 40% of pregnant women and new mothers experience high levels of anxiety. Given its prevalence, interventions that are low-intensity, highly accessible and cost-efficient, and target modifiable risk factors for anxiety are needed. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT)—such as worrying about ways things will go wrong in the future or ruminating about past negative events—is a risk factor for the development of anxiety. RNT is maintained by the tendency to generate negative interpretations of ambiguous situations.

Methods

A parallel two-arm randomised controlled trial will assess the efficacy of adding interpretation training (RELAX) to usual maternity care. Participants (N = 268) will be randomised to (i) 12 sessions of online interpretation training (RELAX) plus usual care, or (ii) usual care alone. We will assess anxiety, depression, RNT, and work and social adjustment at baseline, plus 4, 8 and 36 weeks later.

Discussion

Should the intervention result in lower levels of anxiety than usual care, it could be an accessible, cost-effective way to help women who are vulnerable to experiencing anxiety in the perinatal period.

Trial registration

ISRCTN 12754931. Registered 25th May 2023, prior to recruitment.
Treatment-seeking behaviours of patients with tungiasis in endemic areas of Homa Bay County, Kenya: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Suzuki Kana , Ongaya Asiko , Okomo Gordon , Nzou Muuo , Amukoye Evans , Kamiya Yasuhiko
Published: October 2024

Background

Tungiasis, an ectoparasitic disease caused by sand fleas, causes suffering to millions of people in the tropics. Although the Kenyan National Policy Guidelines list tungiasis treatments as including disinfectants, flea repellents, and botanical oil, the insufficient knowledge and financial constraints of affected communities have led to neglect and inappropriate self-treatment. Current reports show insignificant progress on educational activities at the community level. Therefore, we investigated community residents’ treatment-seeking behaviour concerning tungiasis, using an endemic area of Kenya as the research setting.

Methods

A cross-sectional mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected from the participants—410 adults who had experienced tungiasis—using a questionnaire, while qualitative data were collected from 20 older adults to 10 medical staffs using semi-structured individual interviews. The study was conducted in two sub-counties of Homa Bay County, Kenya.

Results

Factors significantly correlated with using non-guideline-listed treatments for tungiasis were ‘not knowing the causse of tungiasis’, ‘not seeking treatment from healthcare facilities and traditional healers’, and ‘wait and see to prevent infection in non-affected members’. The interviews with the older adults revealed 19 self-treatment options for tungiasis, and 40% of the participants opted for self-removal using sharp objects. Only two of these treatments were listed in the guidelines. The most frequently mentioned reason for using a self-treatment option was ‘Someone else’s idea’. The most frequently mentioned reason for choosing the best self-treatment option was ‘Effectiveness’. Interviews with medical staff revealed 11 treatment options; only five of these treatments are listed in the guidelines. The most frequently mentioned reason for selecting/using the treatment was ‘Supply situation’.

Conclusions

Residents’ socioeconomic factors, cultural factors, and access to appropriate treatment, as well as knowledge of medical staff were significant factors that influenced the residents’ tungiasis treatment-seeking behaviours. This study provides feasibility and baseline data to establish an effective, safe, and sustainable treatment for tungiasis.
The Black Gay Male Image under Siege
Authors: Bost Darius
Published: October 2024

This essay discusses Isaac Julien's film Looking for Langston alongside 1980s Black British political culture, in which visual culture played a significant part. Focusing on the role of the image in that time and place, the article reads the embodied performances of waiting, use of the montage, and constructed scenes of Black queer lifeworlds, past and present, as challenging the linear modes of temporality that have confined Black politics to a perpetual state of deferment and the modern notion of vision under which the Black gay male image remains under siege.
The Difference Queer Aesthetics Make
Authors: Yapp Hentyle
Published: October 2024

Queer Aesthetics will be a new section for GLQ, and this essay explains its focus and rationale as it replaces the Moving Image Review. This essay outlines the need for queer aesthetics as an analytic as it relates to changes in liberal governance and media representation, subjectless critique, and academic discourse. In addition, it outlines a genealogy of queer aesthetics and form and questions the centrality of representation as a discourse for queer theory and studies.
A Queer Idea Of Home
Authors: Gutterman Lauren Jae , Manalansan IV Martin F. , Vider Stephen
Published: October 2024

This forum brings together five scholars who were all asked to reflect on the following questions: How does the space of home figure in your work? How does thinking about the queering of domesticity help us to understand home better?
Template switching enables chemical probing of native RNA structures
Authors: Hall Ian , O'Steen Martin , Gold Sophie , C. Keane Sarah , Weidmann Chase A.
Published: October 2024

RNAs are often studied in nonnative sequence contexts to facilitate structural studies. However, seemingly innocuous changes to an RNA sequence may perturb the native structure and generate inaccurate or ambiguous structural models. To facilitate the investigation of native RNA secondary structure by selective 2′ hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE), we engineered an approach that couples minimal enzymatic steps to RNA chemical probing and mutational profiling (MaP) reverse transcription (RT) methods—a process we call template switching and mutational profiling (Switch-MaP). In Switch-MaP, RT templates and additional library sequences are added postprobing through ligation and template switching, capturing reactivities for every nucleotide. For a candidate SAM-I riboswitch, we compared RNA structure models generated by the Switch-MaP approach to those of traditional primer-based MaP, including RNAs with or without appended structure cassettes. Primer-based MaP masked reactivity data in the 5′ and 3′ ends of the RNA, producing ambiguous ensembles inconsistent with the conserved SAM-I riboswitch secondary structure. Structure cassettes enabled unambiguous modeling of an aptamer-only construct but introduced nonnative interactions in the full-length riboswitch. In contrast, Switch-MaP provided reactivity data for all nucleotides in each RNA and enabled unambiguous modeling of secondary structure, consistent with the conserved SAM-I fold. Switch-MaP is a straightforward alternative approach to primer-based and cassette-based chemical probing methods that precludes primer masking and the formation of alternative secondary structures due to nonnative sequence elements.
Ο ρόλος της κυτταρικής γήρανσης στις παθήσεις του όρχεως
Authors: Τατάνης Βασίλειος
Published: October 2024

Ο καρκίνος του όρχεος αποτελεί μία πάθηση που εμφανίζεται κυρίως στην 3η – 4η δεκαετία της ζωής και αφορά το 1% των καρκίνων στους άνδρες. Με την εξέλιξη της ογκολογικής θεραπευτικής η 5ετής επιβίωση ανέρχεται πλέον στο 97%. Κυτταρική γήρανση ονομάζεται ο μηχανισμός ανταπόκρισης του κυττάρου σε διάφορες καταστάσεις στρες, ο οποίος χαρακτηρίζεται μεταξύ άλλων από αναστολή του κυτταρικού κύκλου, τροποποιημένη λειτουργία και διατήρηση της μεταβολικής δραστηριότητας του κυττάρου. Ο ρόλος της κυτταρικής γήρανσης στην καρκινογένεση είναι αρκετά αμφιλεγόμενος, καθώς έχει δύο διαφορετικές όψεις. Η θετική πλευρά συνίσταται στην αναστολή του πολλαπλασιασμού των κυττάρων είτε στην περίπτωση που τα τελευταία φέρουν βλάβες του DNA είτε ως απάντηση σε στρεσογόνους παράγοντες όπως τα ογκογονίδια. Η αρνητική πλευρά σχετίζεται με την παραμονή των γηρασμένων κυττάρων ως αποτέλεσμα της δυσλειτουργίας του ανοσοποιητικού συστήματος. Στη μελέτη μας συμπεριλήφθηκαν 30 ασθενείς που υπεβλήθησαν σε ορχεκτομή στην Α’ Πανεπιστημιακή Ουρολογική του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών. Τα χειρουργικά παρασκευάσματα των ορχεκτομών, μονιμοποιημένα σε φορμόλη και εγκλεισμένα σε παραφίνη αποτέλεσαν την τράπεζα του βιοπτικού υλικού. Ακολούθησε η επεξεργασία του βιοπτικού υλικού με χρώσεις ειδικές για την ανίχνευση γηρασμένων κυττάρων και κυρίως με τη χρήση του αντιδραστηρίου SenTraGorTM. Αρχικά, καταλήξαμε ότι η κυτταρική γήρανση είναι παρούσα σε μεγάλο ποσοστό στη νεοπλασία in situ των γεννητικών κυττάρων, ενώ ακολούθησαν οι καρκινικές και φυσιολογικές δομές. Επιπλέον, έγινε συσχέτιση του ποσοστού της κυτταρικής γήρανσης σε σχέση με τον ιστολογικό τύπο του καρκίνου του όρχεος. Βάσει των αποτελεσμάτων μας, το σεμίνωμα συσχετίστηκε με μεγαλύτερα ποσοστά κυτταρικής γήρανσης σε όλες τις κατηγορίες ιστών (φυσιολογικός ιστός, νεοπλασία in situ των γεννητικών κυττάρων και καρκινικός ιστός), ενώ ακολούθησαν το εμβρυϊκό καρκίνωμα και σε ομότιμα επίπεδα το τεράτωμα και ο όγκος του λεκιθικού ασκού. Εν συνεχεία, πραγματοποιήθηκε συσχέτιση του ποσοστού θετικών στην κυτταρική γήρανση κυττάρων με το μέγεθος του όγκου, την παρουσία λεμφαγγειακών εμβόλων και τη διήθηση του Rete testis. Η συσχέτιση μεταξύ της κυτταρικής γήρανσης και του μεγέθους του όγκου ήταν στατιστικά σημαντικά στο σύνολο των δειγμάτων, ενώ οι συσχετίσεις με την παρουσία λεμφαγγειακών εμβόλων και τη διήθηση του Rete testis δεν ανευρέθηκαν στατιστικά σημαντικές. Η συσχέτιση της κυτταρικής γήρανσης με το παθολογοανατομικό στάδιο της νόσου και τους προεγχειρητικούς δείκτες δεν ήταν στατιστικά σημαντική με εξαίρεση την LDH στο σύνολο των δειγμάτων και στην υποομάδα του σεμινώματος.
Krew kobieca w religiach i folklorze Japonii: konteksty „Sutry krwawego jeziora”
Authors: Sobczyk Małgorzata
Published: October 2024

This book is the first Polish monographic study on the Blood Bowl Sutra (Ketsubonkyō), which is an interpretation of the impure – due to physiologically conditioned bleeding – nature of women and the need to atone posthumously for polluting the world with blood (menstrual and childbirth). The study contains photocopies of manuscripts and old prints from the author’s private collections, used as a source base for research. The considerations take into account the broader religious and cultural context that determined the reception of the sutra in Japan and its functioning in Buddhist teaching for five centuries, permanently influencing the issue of women's salvation in Japanese Buddhism.
Zabytki – biologia – konserwacja
Authors: Karbowska-Berent Joanna , Kozielec Tomasz
Published: October 2024

"ZABYTKI – BIOLOGIA – KONSERWACJA” ("MONUMENTS – BIOLOGY – CONSERVATION") is an interdisciplinary collective study, which includes 14 articles on various issues related to the protection of monuments against damage of biological origin, i.e. biodeterioration. The focus was primarily on objects made on paper (including photographs), parchment, leather or fabric. The authors are specialists in the fields of biology, chemistry and medicine, as well as art conservators who, in their professional practice, solve problems resulting from the development of microorganisms or insects in collections. The publication presents contemporary views on, among others: testing methods of harmful microorganisms using the achievements of molecular biology; the use of biocides for disinfection of monuments, taking into account the legal aspects of their use; and monitoring library, archival and museum collections in order to protect them against insects. Attention was also paid to health hazards in the workplace caused by contact with infected crops or biocides. The study is intended mainly for conservators of works of art who have the opportunity to update their knowledge of biology in conservation, as well as for conservation students as a supplement to the basic knowledge acquired during classes
The Red Sports Culture is Integrated Into The Public Sports Curriculum of Colleges And Universities Evaluation System Construction And Path Analysis
Authors: Zhang Lei , Huang Jin , Wang Shaojie , Jiang Bo
Published: October 2024

The red sports culture, which was born in the revolutionary era, is an excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation. Its inheritance and development reflects the theoretical consciousness of the coordinated development of "cultural power" and "sports power". The integration of red sports culture into the public physical education curriculum of colleges and universities is the in-depth analysis of the concept of cultivating college students' "cultural self-confidence" and the goal path of forging ahead "sports power". In this study, the literature method, Delphi method, expert interview method, analytic hierarchy process and other research methods are used to construct the evaluation system of integrating red sports culture into public physical education courses in colleges and universities, including 4 first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators and 42 third-level indicators, and determine the weights of indicators at all levels. Finally, objective analysis and case enumerations are made according to the weights assigned to indicators at all levels. And put forward the path of integrating red sports culture into college public physical education curriculum construction.
The Life of the Transcendental I in Husserl’s C-Manuscripts
Authors: Rybák David
Published: October 2024

The following paper traces Husserl’s late time-analyses (concentrated especially in the so-called C-manuscripts) in the context of the problem of the life of the transcendental ego. We proceed from the constitutive stage of primal life (Urleben), in which the streaming living presence is constituted as lasting now (nunc stans). Then we trace further the structural connections of the constitution of the so-called first transcendence, that is, the transcendence of the immanent stream of consciousness, and the second transcendence, in which life is constituted as living-in-the-world (In-der-Welt-Leben). It turns out that the life of the transcendental I is of the character of a striving life (strebendes Leben) and that the first and second transcendence belong to it essentially.
Bóg, metalogika i fatalizm
Authors: Woleński Jan
Published: October 2024

-
Skąd przychodzimy? Kim jesteśmy? Dokąd zmierzamy? Muzealnictwo etnograficzne na rozdrożach XXI wieku
Authors: Czachowski Hubert
Published: October 2024

Ta Gauguinowska fraza użyta w tytule referatu posłużyła autorowi do przedstawienia drogi, jaką przechodziło muzealnictwo etnograficzne od swych początków w XIX wieku, przekształcenia paradygmatów w drugiej połowie wieku XX, po czasy współczesne, charakteryzujące się dużą zmianą zakresu etnologii i antropologii. Rodzi się bowiem podstawowe pytanie: czy i jak muzea etnograficzne mają odpowiedzieć na dokonujące się dziś zasadnicze zmiany w dyscyplinie? Istotne jest także pytanie o to, co zrobić z dotychczasowym dziedzictwem etnograficznych muzeów, także w kontekście bardzo silnej tendencji dekolonizacyjnej, która we współczesnej antropologii staje się dogmatem. I dotyczy to również — przez analogie — niekolonialnych przecież zbiorów polskich lub kolonialnych inaczej.
Bronisław Piłsudski — działalność na rzecz Muzeum Tatrzańskiego i organizacji badań etnograficznych na Podhalu
Authors: Kwiecińska Magdalena
Published: October 2024

Bronisław Piłsudski był pierwszym inicjatorem szeroko zakrojonych badań na Podtatrzu i w tym celu powołał w 1911 roku Sekcję Ludoznawczą przy Towarzystwie Tatrzańskim, następnie opracował memoriał W sprawie Muzeum Tatrzańskiego. (O urządzenie działu ludoznawczego). Zasłużoną osobą dla działalności Sekcji była też Bronisława Giżycka, która realizowała zarówno kolekcjonerstwo i etnograficzne badania terenowe jak i zadania administracyjne podczas nieobecności Piłsudskiego. Ze swoimi spostrzeżeniami dzieliła się z nim w listach. Posłużyło mu to w kolejnych latach do podjęcia własnych badań w rozpoznanym przez nią terenie. Dokonania Giżyckiej na rzecz etnografii Podtatrza były znaczące i niesłusznie pozostały w cieniu dokonań Piłsudskiego, a Sekcja zamarłaby zupełnie, gdyby nie jej determinacja. Piłsudski zachęcił do działalności w Sekcji również Juliusza Zborowskiego, absolwenta językoznawstwa Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, który wówczas był nauczycielem gimnazjalnym w Nowym Targu (od 1922 roku pierwszym dyrektorem Muzeum Tatrzańskiego). Z czasem etnografia stała się dla Zborowskiego głównym przedmiotem zainteresowania, które systematycznie rozwijał. Odwoływał się do zaleceń Piłsudskiego, którego uważał za „pierwszego na Podhalu nowoczesnego etnografa i muzealistę, pioniera nowoczesnej ludoznawczej i muzealnej pracy na Podhalu i dla Podhala”. Zborowski był oddany podjętemu dziełu, znawcą i autorytetem naukowym w dziedzinie kultury góralskiej. Jego wysiłkiem Muzeum Tatrzańskie było ważnym ośrodkiem wymiany myśli naukowej i odgrywało rolę centrum prac badawczych nad regionem w zakresie kolekcjonowania, prowadzenia eksploracji terenowych i naukowego upowszechniania wiedzy.
Kilka uwag o potencjale rozwoju muzeów etnograficznych w Polsce
Authors: Wasilewska Joanna
Published: October 2024

Artykuł jest zapisem doświadczeń autorki i wyprowadzonych stąd refleksji nad kondycją muzeów etnologicznych w Polsce. Autorka jako historyczka sztuki, która wraz z rozwojem zawodowym wkraczała stopniowo na grunt antropologii kultury i obserwowała zjawiska zachodzące w muzeach o takim profilu w Polsce, Europie i niektórych krajach azjatyckich, dzieli się swoimi uwagami co do ich roli, zadań i pożądanych kierunków rozwoju. Uwagi te wynikają z długoletniej praktyki muzealnej i osobistego doświadczenia; nie roszczą sobie pretensji do teoretycznych ani – tym bardziej – normatywnych uogólnień. Dotyczą szerokiego zakresu problemów, takich jak: styl zarządzania, kwestia nazewnictwa, polityka gromadzenia zbiorów czy odpowiedzialność społeczna związana z wytwarzaniem i dystrybucją wiedzy. Autorka zwraca uwagę na potencjał rozwoju polskiego muzealnictwa etnologicznego w kierunku dokumentacji, badania i reprezentacji współczesnej kultury społeczeństwa polskiego, przechodzącego kolejny okres dynamicznych przemian.
Trauma a wystawa muzealna. Jak stworzyć ekspozycję dotyczącą traumatycznych przeżyć?
Authors: Mosiej-Zambrano Karolina
Published: October 2024

Autorka zaprezentuje w artykule rozwiązania zastosowane podczas realizacji pierwszej ekspozycji czasowej Muzeum Pamięci Sybiru pt. „Tylko ból jest mój”, która przedstawia różnorodne aspekty rzeczywistości kobiet i dziewcząt – ich tragicznych przeżyć związanych z deportacją, pobytem na zesłaniu, więzieniem w Związku Sowieckim lub okresem okupacji sowieckiej, głównie w kontekście szeroko rozumianej kobiecości, kobiecych ciał i ich ról. Artykuł omówi problematykę pracy z tematyką traumy, retraumatyzacji i przemocy stosowanej wobec kobiet podejmowaną w działaniach prowadzonych podczas realizacji projektów wystawienniczych i edukacyjnych.
Misja — zachowanie tożsamości i pamięci: straty muzeów w obwodzie zaporoskim w Ukrainie, spowodowane rosyjską agresją wojskową (lata 2022–2023)
Authors: Varian Oksana
Published: October 2024

W lutym 2024 roku minęła dziesiąta rocznica rozpoczęcia wojny rosyjsko-ukraińskiej i druga rocznica rozpoczęcia na pełną skalę agresji militarnej Rosji przeciwko Ukrainie. Przez cały ten czas jednym z kluczowych komponentów rosyjskiej agresji militarnej była i nadal pozostaje walka na „froncie kultury”. Na okupowanych terytoriach agresor niszczy ukraińską edukację i kulturę. Rosja dokonała tam nie tylko zniszczeń wojennych. Obecnie „przetwarza” historię, manipuluje pamięcią narodową, wypełnia przestrzeń publiczną, hasłami i symbolami, które kształtują sowiecką oraz rosyjską tożsamość. Autorka opisuje charakter i rozmiary strat oraz metody działań agresora i okupanta na terenie muzeów obwodu zaporoskiego.
Ecos de um império derrotado: a memória da Guerra Colonial em Autópsia de um mar de ruínas, de João de Melo
Authors: Von Pfeil Rommel Leonardo
Published: October 2024

O presente ensaio analisa o testemunho da Guerra Colonial no romance Autópsia de um mar de ruínas, de João de Melo. Publicado em 1984, dez anos após a abertura política e o final do império colonial português, a narrativa busca construir uma memória sobre a guerra, inscrevendo na consciência e na identidade portuguesa contemporâneas, por meio da arte, um dos capítulos mais traumáticos da história da nação.
“A mania do horrível”: o grotesco e a Primeira Guerra Mundial na literatura brasileira
Authors: França Júlio , P. Silva Daniel Augusto
Published: October 2024

Partindo da perspectiva das poéticas do mal — uma investigação de cunho teórico e historiográfico dedicada aos modos artísticos de representação e de expressão literárias dos aspectos mais sombrios e perturbadores da experiência humana —, o artigo descreve o impacto que os grandes conflitos bélicos novecentistas, sobretudo a Primeira Grande Guerra, tiveram sobre as narrativas literárias brasileiras das primeiras décadas do século XX. O objetivo é demonstrar como as transformações na percepção dos avanços científicos e tecnológicos — de enaltecidos motores do progresso a temidas ferramentas de extermínio — impactaram a criação literária. Nossa hipótese é a de que o grotesco foi a principal estratégia artística para dar conta de uma percepção de irracionalidade e absurdo que permeou o período. Para ilustrar o argumento, apresentamos passagens de obras de Coelho Neto, João do Rio, Alfredo Taunay, Júlia Lopes de Almeida, Gustavo Barroso, Mário Sette e Afonso Schmidt.
The Impropriety of Pirates
Authors: Campos Johnson Adriana Michele
Published: October 2024

There are few pirates in the Latin American cultural tradition even though piracy was a fundamental force shaping the trajectory of the colonial and post-colonial Americas. This essay traces the seeming impropriety of piracy in relation to a genealogy in which pirates are themselves figure of the improper, conduits for improper wars and markers of struggles over the proper relationship to property. Readings of a few key texts – Machado de Assis’ “Canção de Piratas” (1894), J. L. Borges’ “La viuda Ching, pirata” (1935), Alejo Moguillansky’s film El escarabajo de oro (2014), and Nuruddin Farrah’s Crossbones (2011) – take the textualizations of piracy as reflections on the carrying capacity of form.
Múltiplas guerras possíveis
Authors: Santos Carolina Correia dos , Codebò Agnese
Published: October 2024

Apresentação à Matraga 63.
Agronegócio e agricultura familiar: interesses econômicos e abastecimento interno em debate
Authors: De Souza Silva Sheyla Suely , Ferreira de Lima de Souza Maria Aléxcia Michelle
Published: October 2024

Resultado de nossos estudos e orientações de mestrado, este artigo aborda as implicações do ultraneoliberalismo sobre a agricultura familiar e o agronegócio. Através do Materialismo Histórico Dialético, da pesquisa bibliográfica e da análise documental, apreendemos as determinações das desigualdades entre esses setores agrários. Os resultados evidenciam que a expropriação de terras dos trabalhadores do campo é recorrente ao longo da formação social brasileira e, através de uma burguesia e um Estado comprometidos com o mercado externo, essa violência forja a personificação do agronegócio, enquanto subalterniza a agricultura familiar. Na contramão dessas ofensivas, a agricultura familiar supera suas precárias condições objetivas; faz um manuseio reduzido de agrotóxicos; oferece, muitas vezes, melhores condições de trabalho no campo e abastece a alimentação da população brasileira. A relação intrínseca entre questão agrária e questão social e a escassez desse debate na área do Serviço Social evidenciam a importância do estudo ora apresentado.
Vozes da terra e ancestralidade: imaginando novas perspectivas para o Antropoceno
Authors: Seixlack Alessandra
Published: October 2024

O Antropoceno configura uma época de crise de dimensões ambientais, climáticas, econômicas, sociais, políticas e epistemológicas, que envolvem não apenas a humanidade, mas o próprio planeta Terra em seu conjunto. Embora a iminência da não existência de um mundo em devir nos traga angústias e anseios, esta também é uma oportunidade para pensarmos outros futuros possíveis e os caminhos que podem ser (ou já vêm sendo) trilhados para alcançá-los. Partimos da hipótese de que a imaginação de novos projetos estéticos-éticos-políticos no Antropoceno é indissociável do diálogo com as vozes da terra, suas políticas de ancestralidade e epistemes experimentadas cotidianamente no calor da vida. Nesse sentido, o artigo pretende analisar reflexões de pensadores indígenas e quilombolas que nos possibilitam fugir da cegueira antropocêntrica do mundo moderno e compreender outras formas de lidar com o tempo, outros saberes e outras enunciações, garantindo assim novas perspectivas para nossa sobrevivência na Antropoceno.
Padrão de reprodução do capital e questão social no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Castelo Rodrigo , Ventura Lays , De Rocamora Guilherme , Galdino Henrique
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo analisa o atual ciclo de reprodução do capital no Brasil, chamado de padrão exportador de especialização produtiva, e as particularidades da questão social na região meridional do estado do Rio de Janeiro, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, alternando reflexões teóricas com análises de dados empíricos. A ênfase recai no estudo da superexploração da força de trabalho na indústria automobilística e suas expressões salariais e da saúde do trabalhador, assim como os processos de luta e resistência operárias, sem perder de vista o histórico de todos os padrões de reprodução do capital na região e as lutas sindicais. O estudo aponta que o desenvolvimento econômico, via atração de setores de ponta dos grandes conglomerados internacionais, reafirma, em outras bases, a dependência e a superexploração no território fluminense, agravando ainda mais a questão social no estado.
Advancing oral cancer care: Insights from Tongluo Jiedu prescription
Authors: Cheng Chun-Yao , Hao Wen-Rui , Liu Ju-Chi , Cheng Tzu-Hurng
Published: October 2024

This editorial highlights the study which investigated the potential of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as an adjunctive therapy in oral cancer management. The study included 80 patients with oral cancer to evaluate the effects of the Tongluo Jiedu prescription on inflammatory stress markers, peripheral blood T-cell subsets, and overall immune function. The results indicated that Tongluo Jiedu substantially enhances immune function and reduces oxidative stress, thereby aiding in patient recovery and potentially minimizing treatment-related complications. This editorial discusses the broader implications of these findings for oral cancer care and emphasizes the importance of integrating TCM principles into modern oncology practices.
Effects of atrial septal defects on the cardiac conduction system
Authors: Kang Jin-Hua , Wu Hong-Yan , Long Wen-Jie
Published: October 2024

The case report presented in this edition by Mu et al . The report presents a case of atrial septal defect (ASD) associated with electrocardiographic changes, noting that the crochetage sign resolved after Selective His Bundle Pacing (S-HBP) without requiring surgical closure. The mechanisms behind the appearance and resolution of the crochetage sign remain unclear. The authors observed the disappearance of the crochetage sign post-S-HBP, suggesting a possible correlation between these specific R waves and the cardiac conduction system. This editorial aims to explore various types of ASD and their relationship with the cardiac conduction system, highlighting the diagnostic significance of the crochetage sign in ASD.
Rare primary gastric peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified: A case report
Authors: Jang Hee Ryeong , Lee Kyungyul , Lim Kyu-Hyoung
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastrointestinal lymphoma typically arises in the stomach, small bowel, or colorectum and is usually a B-cell lymphoma. However, primary T-cell lymphomas originating in the stomach are particularly rare. Gastric peripheral T-cell lymphoma-not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is an extremely rare subtype.

CASE SUMMARY

We report a 63-year-old male presenting with epigastric pain. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a large ulcerative lesion in the gastric cardia. Biopsy and immunohistochemical profiling confirmed PTCL-NOS. Imaging indicated stage II disease involving the stomach and intra-abdominal lymph nodes. The patient is planned to undergo cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone or cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, and etoposide chemotherapy.

CONCLUSION

This case highlights the necessity of considering PTCL-NOS in differential diagnoses of gastric lesions. Comprehensive histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and guiding treatment.
Effects of foot reflexology on disease
Authors: He Ming-Ying , Ud Din M Jalal , Xu Hai-Feng , Wang Shang-Yu , Ying Guo-Huan , Qian Hao , Wu Bing , Qi Hong-Dan , Wang Xin , Zhang Gang
Published: October 2024

In this article, we review a recently published article to explore the significance of foot reflexology in modern medical practice. With the advancement of modern medicine, we are increasingly committed to finding the specific physiological mechanisms of foot reflexes to treat diseases, thereby better proving the therapy’s effectiveness. It has been reported that foot reflexes can activate the cerebral cortex and organs corresponding to the feet, stimulating blood flow, nutrition and nerves through neural and endocrine regulation to achieve the purpose of treating and preventing diseases and promoting health. The therapy shows unique potential and value, and provides a new perspective on integrating traditional medicine and modern medicine.
Development of Solar Power Tree – An Innovation that Uses Up Very Less Land and Yet Generates much more Energy from the Sun Rays by SPV Method
Authors: S.N. Maity
Published: October 2024

Energy and pollution are the present burning questions. So, there is an impending demand of an alternative green power. Solar, as believed, is the only major alternative in comparison to other sources of available renewable energies. For absorbing the sun solid silicon-crystalline photo-voltaic (SPV) method is the best. SPV panels are laid on structures at tilt angle. SPV is a land consuming system. Scarcity of land is the greatest crisis of the earth. Solar Power Tree is invented for installing PV-modules on a tall pole-like structure with branch- like panels and takes only 1% of land than conventional SPV layout.
Land Use and Agri-Production Analysis: A Case Study in Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: D. Chakraborty  , K.H. Kamble  , R.N. Garg  , Ravender Singh  , P. Aggarwal  , Ranjeet Kaur
Published: October 2024

The study pertains to the characterization of Meerut, Muzaffarnagar and Saharanpur district of western Uttar Pradesh in terms of soil, climate and land use. Based on soil and climate, homogeneous agro-ecological units were developed for these regions and the agri-technical possibilities of improving the productivity of major crops were studied. For land use, IIRS-1D LISS III and IRS P6 LISS III of both rabi and kharif season of 1998 and 2008 were used and the homogenous units were developed by using ArcGIS. Seventy eight agro-ecological units were identified. Satellite data shows an overall 5.31% decrease in double cropped area with increase in permanent fallow by 2.57% . Shift of land from agricultural to non-agricultural uses were 4.41% in which conversion of agricultural land to built-up areas has been estimated as 2.89 per cent. The yield gaps (potential-current) of rice, wheat, maize and sugarcane for each agro-ecological units (AAU) were calculated. Water and NPK fertilizer requirement for bridging these gaps were estimated.
Utilization of Fly Ash - A Waste Byproduct of Coal for Shielding Application
Authors: Monika Mishra  , Avanish Pratap Singh  , S.K. Dhawan
Published: October 2024

A matrix having conducting, magnetic and dielectric filler, due to their unique attenuation and electrical properties have shown their potential application in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. However, the difficulties of reflection of microwave are yet to be overcome. Recently, exfoliated graphite along with iron oxide and fly ash found to a better alternate to the conventional shielding materials. Conductivity of composites lies in the range 0.013"14.57 S/cm. The microwave absorption properties of the composites have been studied in the 8.2-12.4 GHz (X”Band) frequency range which shows a shielding effectiveness up-to 59.83 dB, which strongly depends on dielectric loss and weight fraction of fly ash and γ-Fe2O3 in EG matrix.
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polystyrene Waste using Bentonite as a Catalyst
Authors: B. Parasuram  , S. Karthikeyan  , S. Sundram
Published: October 2024

The recycling of waste plastics by thermal and catalytic degradation processes can be an important source of producing alternative fuel oil from the view point of an economical aspect and contributing to the environmental protection from the view point of an environmental aspect. In this work pyrolysis of Polystyrene (PS) was carried out with bentonite as a catalyst at temperature between 380 to 420 °C to explore its effect on pyrolysis product distribution. Three fractions of products were obtained: Pyrolysis oil (55 wt %), pyro gas (10 wt %) and char (34 wt %). The presences of catalyst produces light oil as well as increase in yields of liquid and gas fractions as the temperature increases were reported.
Separation of Toxic Metal Ions Such as Pb(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) from Industrial Waste Water Using Newly Synthesised tinzirconium molybdophosphate Cation Exchanger
Authors: P. Vinisha Valsaraj  , C. Janardanan
Published: October 2024

A novel four component inorganic cation exchange material tinzirconium molybdophosphate with two cations and two anions has been synthesized. Chemical composition of the compound was determined by ICP-AES method and structural studies were carried out using TGA, XRD, and FT-IR, SEM. Bifunctional behaviour of the material has been indicated by its pH titration curves. The material shows high ion exchange capacity of 1.96 meqg-1. The distribution coefficient studies of metal ions on the material were performed in different solvent systems and the material was found to be selective for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) ions. On the basis of distribution coefficient value, some analytically important binary separations of metal ion like Pb(II)-Co(II), Pb(II)-Ni(II), Pb(II)-Mg(II), Pb(II)-Hg(II), Cu(II)- Bi(III), Cu(II)-Zn(II), Cu(II)-Mg(II), Hg(II)-Zn(II), Hg(II)-Bi(III), Hg(II)-Mg(II) were achieved on tinzirconium molybdophosphate column. In order to demonstrate the practical utility of the material, quantitative separation of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) from textile effluent, paper industry and wood industry have been achieved.
A comparison of general surgery training programmes across 11 countries: improving understanding of the experience level of international medical graduates in the UK
Authors: Spellar KM , Chacko AZ , Beaton C
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Within the past five years there has been a significant increase in the number of international medical graduates (IMGs) joining the United Kingdom’s (UK) workforce. Having mentors and supervisors who understand the needs of IMGs and clinical and cultural differences in the workplace can benefit in the transition to working in a new country. Improving knowledge of and understanding differences between general surgical training programmes and grades across different countries could therefore aid in the support of IMGs within the UK.

Methods

Data on general surgical training programmes of the top ten countries for the primary medical qualifications of IMGs in the UK were collected to provide comparison with the UK training programme.

Results

The following countries were included: UK, India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Egypt, Ireland, Sudan, Sri Lanka, Romania, Iraq and South Africa. Training programme lengths ranged from 3 to 10 years. Only some training programmes provide additional training and qualification in sub-specialisation in general surgery. Other differences included a requirement for internship/non specialist training prior to training, differences in lengths of time spent in other surgical specialties and a requirement for research.

Conclusion

Understanding the training programmes of other countries may help UK surgeons to understand the prior experience of IMGs and enable them to provide better training and support.
Dual-biomimetic curved compound-eye camera system for multi-target distance measurement in a large field of view
Authors: Liu Yiming , Xu Huangrong , Zhang Yuanjie , Wu Dengshan , Zhou Xiaojun , Meng Qingyang , Wang Yuanyuan , Yu Weixing
Published: October 2024

Biomimetic curved compound-eye cameras (BCCECs) have attracted great attention for their potential applications in a variety of fields such as target recognition, monitor and three-dimensional localization in military due to their unique optical properties such as large field of view (FOV) and small size. In this work, we proposed a multi-target distance measurement method based on a dual-BCCEC system in a large FOV. To guarantee the precise measurement of the distance of multiple targets, a feature point searching and matching algorithm is developed for the dual-BCCEC system to improve the localizing efficiency of common feature points. In addition, a CALibration Tag (CALTag) self-recognition calibration method is also developed to calibrate ommatidia of the BCCEC with a high efficiency. Based on these two methods, the coordinates of multiple targets with clear feature points can be obtained after the distortion correction in sub-images and thus the distances of multiple targets with clear feature points can be achieved simultaneously with a single compound-eye raw image. The experiment results show that the dual-BCCEC system has a high distant measurement accuracy with an error of less than 6.80% for at least ten different targets in the a working distance ranging from 400 to 600 m in a quite large FOV of 98°×98°. The method demonstrated in this work can pave the way for multi-targets tracking in those related areas with high security monitoring requirements.
Optical pulling of Mie particles along a curved path by optical scattering forces
Authors: Lu Menglong , Wen Jiquan , Lu Liangchen , Ding Ping , Gong Xue , Lu Wanli , Zheng Hongxia , Chen Huajin
Published: October 2024

Optical pulling along straight trajectories has been successfully demonstrated for both dipolar and Mie particles using optical gradient and/or scattering forces over the past decade. However, much less attention is devoted to the pulling along curved paths, particularly for Mie particles, since the mechanism of continuous attraction based on intensity gradients is effective only for dipolar particles, thus limiting its practical applications. Here, we demonstrate the optical pulling of Mie particles with gain along a parabolic trajectory immersed in a two-dimensional vector Airy beam. Numerical results based on the decomposed force expressions exhibit that the longitudinal optical pulling effect is overwhelmingly dominated by the optical scattering force, while the optical gradient force has a negligible contribution. In addition, the Mie particle is shown to be transversely trapped stably in the main lobe of the Airy beam via the transverse gradient force in favor of the realization of optical pulling. Such an optical pulling phenomenon can also be observed for a gold particle coated with a suitable gain shell. Our findings may provide new insights into the customization of optical pulling in curved paths.
Quasi-bound states in the continuum with stable dual-resonance wavelengths in mid-infrared metasurface for ultrasensitive refractive index sensing and molecular vibrations of strong coupling
Authors: Liao Jie , Wang Pengjun , Fu Qiang , Dai Shixun , Chen Weiwei , Zhang Dong , Deng Lipeng , Li Jun , Dai Tingge , Yang Jianyi
Published: October 2024

In this paper, a dual-resonances mid-infrared all-dielectric metasurface sensor based on asymmetric cross dimer, which is driven by quasi-bound states in the continuum (QBIC), is proposed and investigated. The metasurface sensor maintains the total permittivity constant when the asymmetric parameter is adjusted, thereby ensuring the stability of the QBIC resonance wavelengths, which exhibit Q-factors of 6351 and 13561, respectively. The multiple decompositions and electromagnetic field distributions reveal that the toroidal dipole is the dominant component of the dual-resonance modes. The sensitivities to the refractive index are 3559 nm/RIU and 1146 nm/RIU, with corresponding figures of merit of 4449 RIU−1 and 2453 RIU−1, respectively. Further numerical simulations have demonstrated a strong coupling phenomenon between the QBIC and the molecular vibrations of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), resulting in a significant enhancement of the infrared absorption signal. With the 50-nm-thick PMMA layer, the enhancement of molecular signal is 90.614%.