bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of whitefly species of the Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) species complex, associated with vegetable crops in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: N’cho Anthelme-Jocelin , Seka Koutoua , Assiri Kouamé Patrice , Simiand Christophe , Otron Daniel H. , Ochou Germain , Konan Kouassi Arthur Jocelin , Kouadio Marie-France , Fondio Lassina , Atta Diallo Hortense , Martin Thibaud , Delatte Hélène
Published: October 2022

Since several years, whiteflies of the species complex of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) are causing several damages on vegetable crops in Côte d’Ivoire. These sap-sucking insects are the main vector of many viruses on tomato and several species of this complex have developed resistances against insecticides. Nevertheless, there is very little information about whitefly species on vegetable crops in Côte d’Ivoire. Here, we investigated the species diversity and their genetic diversity and structuring on samples from vegetable crops in the major tomato production areas of Côte d’Ivoire. To assess this diversity, 535 whitefly samples from different localities and plant species were collected and analysed with nuclear (microsatellite) and mitochondrial (mtCOI) markers. In each site, and ecological data were recorded, including whiteflies abundance and plant species colonised by B. tabaci. The analysis of mtCOI sequences of whiteflies indicated the presence of four cryptic species on tomato and associated crops in Côte d’Ivoire. These were MED ASL, MED Q1, SSA 1 and SSA3. The MED ASL species dominated over all samples in the different regions and plant species. One haplotype of MED ASL out of the 15 identified predominated on most plant species and most sites. These results suggested that MED ASL is probably the main phytovirus vector in the Ivorian vegetable cropping areas. In contrast, only five haplotypes of MED Q1 were identified on vegetables but in the cotton-growing areas of the country. Its low prevalence, low nuclear and mitochondrial diversity might indicate a recent invasion of this species on vegetable crops in Côte d’Ivoire. The Bayesian nuclear analysis indicated the presence of hybrid genotypes between the two main species MED ASL and MED Q1, however in low prevalence (10%). All these results highlight the need to maintain whitefly populations monitoring for a more effective management in Côte d’Ivoire.
Comparability of in-person and web screening: Does mode affect what households report?
Authors: Graber Jessica E. , Williams Douglas , Clark Jason
Published: October 2022

Household screening is common when information about characteristics of household members is needed for selection of survey respondents. When key characteristics have a low prevalence, or are oversampled, this can result in a large number of sampled households screened, many of which have no persons selected. For in-person surveys this can be inefficient and costly, especially in an environment of declining response. A multimode design using a mail, push-to-web approach is an attractive alternative due to lower cost and high internet penetration. However, little is known about the comparable data quality properties between in-person and web modes. While in-person screening is considered a gold standard approach, respondents may fail to report household members and interviewers may unintentionally screen out reluctant respondents. Similarly, those self-responding sometimes fail to report unrelated household members or young children. In this study we compared in-person and web screening in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Households were randomly selected to complete a self-administered web screener and subsequently be screened by an interviewer during an in-person visit. We report on the comparability of household characteristics between modes to determine if web screening provides data equivalent to in-person screening. We examine time between the web and in-person screening to see if true change can account for differences. In the presence of conflicting data, we examine selection criteria based on the screening responses to see how inaccuracies affect selection status, or if inaccuracies or person omissions are systematically related to a specific mode. Approximately 93% (80/86) of households agreed on selection status between the web and in-person modes. Household composition matched fully for 84% (72/86) of households. These results indicate that web screening is a viable option enumerating households in population surveys.
An innate ability: How do basal invertebrates manage their chronic exposure to microbes?
Authors: Williams Leah M. , Gilmore Thomas D.
Published: October 2022

Homologs of mammalian innate immune sensing and downstream pathway proteins have been discovered in a variety of basal invertebrates, including cnidarians and sponges, as well as some single-celled protists. Although the structures of these proteins vary among the basal organisms, many of the activities found in their mammalian counterparts are conserved. This is especially true for the Toll-like receptor (TLR) and cGAS-STING pathways that lead to downstream activation of transcription factor NF-κB. In this short perspective, we describe the evidence that TLR and cGAS-STING signaling to NF-κB is also involved in immunity in basal animals, as well as in the maintenance of microbial symbionts. Different from terrestrial animals, immunity in many marine invertebrates might have a constitutively active state (to protect against continual exposure to resident or waterborne microbes), as well as a hyperactive state that can be induced by pathogens at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Research on basal immunity may be important for (1) understanding different approaches that organisms take to sensing and protecting against microbes, as well as in maintaining microbial symbionts; (2) the identification of novel antimicrobial effector genes and processes; and (3) the molecular pathways that are being altered in basal marine invertebrates in the face of the effects of a changing environment.
Uterine Torsion in a Gravid Unicornuate Uterus
Authors: Latika Chawla  , Madhulika Singh  , Ria M  , Mamta Kumaree Sah  , Shilpa Panta  , Mriganka Bordoloi
Published: October 2022

Uterine torsion in an antenatal patient is such a rare phenomenon, that its incidence is yet not documented. Obstetricians can spend their entire careers without coming across such a case. We describe a case of an antenatal patient with a unicornuate uterus with asymptomatic uterine inversion.
Development of Grinding and Polishing Technology for Stainless Steel With a Robot Manipulator
Authors: Shaw Jinsiang , Fang Yu-Jia
Published: October 2022

In traditional industries, manual grinding and polishing technologies are still used predominantly. However, these procedures have the following limitations: excessive processing time, labor consumption, and product quality not guaranteed. To address the aforementioned limitations, this study utilizes the good adaptability of a robotic arm to develop a tool-holding grinding and polishing system with force control mechanisms. Specifically, off-the-shelf handheld grinder is selected and attached to the robotic arm by considering the size, weight, and processing cost of the stainless steel parts. In addition, for contact machining, the robotic arm is equipped with a force/torque sensor to ensure that the system is active compliant. According to the experimental results, the developed system can reduce the surface roughness of 304 stainless steel to 0.47 µm for flat surface and 0.76 µm for circular surface. Moreover, the processing trajectory is programmed in the CAD/CAM software simulation environment, which can lead to good results in collision detection and arm posture establishment.
KONSUMSI TABLET TAMBAH DARAH KAITANNYA DENGAN BERAT LAHIR BAYI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Aprisia Betta , Simbolon Demsa
Published: October 2022

Latar Belakang: Konsumsi tablet tambah darah (TTD) pada ibu hamil yang tidak sesuai dengan rekomendasi minimal 90 tablet selama kehamilan dapat meningkatkan risiko defisiensi zat besi, anemia, dan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) yang akan berdampak pada berbagai masalah gizi dan kesehatan dalam siklus kehidupan berikutnya.Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan konsumsi TTD dengan berat lahir bayidi Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2017 dengan desain cross sectional. Variabel independen adalah konsumsi TTD. Variabel dependen adalah berat lahir bayi. Variabel perancu adalah faktor anak, ibu dan keluarga. Populasi studi penelitian ini sebanyak 12.350 ibu hamil di Indonesia.Sampel penelitian sebanyak 11.735 jiwa yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi logistik multivariat.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menemukan 6,99% bayi BBLR. Sebesar 49,97% Ibu hamil dengan konsumsi TTD tidak sesuai rekomendasi. Konsumsi TTD berhubungan dengan berat lahir bayi (p=0,003). Konsumsi TTD tidak sesuai rekomendasi berisiko 1,252 (OR95%CI:1,081-1,456) dibandingkan konsumsi TTD sesuai rekomendasi setelah dikontrol dengan faktor pendidikan ibu, status sosial ekonomi keluarga.Simpulan: Konsumsi TTD pada ibu hamil berhubungan dengan berat lahir bayi. Perlu edukasi pentingnya konsumsi TTD minimal 90 butir selama kehamilan dalam upaya pencegahan risiko terjadinya berat lahir rendah (BBLR) pada bayi yang baru lahir, terutama pada keluarga miskin dan pendidikan ibu yang rendah.Kata Kunci: Berat lahir bayi; Konsumsi tablet Fe; Sosial ekonomi; Pendidikan ibu.
CEMARAN MIKROBIOLOGI PADA MAKANAN, ALAT MAKAN, AIR DAN KESEHATAN PENJAMAH MAKANAN DI UNIT INSTALASI GIZI RUMAH SAKIT X DI BANJARMASIN
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Hekmah Nurul , Fathullah Desya Medinasari , Norhasanah Norhasanah
Published: October 2022

Latar Belakang : Cemaran adalah kejadian yang tidak dikehendaki ada dalam makanan yang mungkin berasal dari lingkungan atau sebagai akibat proses produksi makanan, dapat berupa cemaran biologis, kimia dan benda asing yang dapat mengganggu, merugikan dan membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Mikroba dapat mencemari beberapa aspek seperti makanan, alat makan, air dan kesehatan penjamah makanan.Tujuan : Mengetahuai cemaran mikrobiologi pada makanan, alat makan, air dan kesehatan penjamah makanan di unit instalasi gizi Rumah Sakit X di BanjarmasinMetode : Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Variabel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa yaitu cemaran mikrobiologi pada makanan, cemaran mikrobiologi pada alat makan, cemaran mirobiologi pada air dan cemaran mikrobiologi pada kesehatan penjamah makanan. Cara pengukuran pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Total Plate Count (TPC) untuk sampel makanan dan sampel swab dubur, Colony Forming Unit (CFU) untuk sampel alat makan, metode Most Probable Number (MPN) untuk sampel air, metode. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa jenis sampel yang telah dilakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium seperti 24 sampel makanan, 4 sampel alat makan, 6 sampel air dan 18 sampel rectal swab.Hasil : Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium menunjukkan seluruh sampel makanan dan kesehatan penjamah makanan menunjukkan hasil memenuhi syarat, sedangkan untuk hasil pemeriksaan cemaran pada air kran terdapat 1 sampel air kran yang tidak memenuhi syarat serta pada alat makan terdapat 2 sampel alat makan yang tidak memenuhi syarat.Simpulan : Tidak ada bukti kontaminasi mikrobiologis dalam sampel makanan atau kesehatan penjamah makanan. Sementara itu, beberapa sampel menunjukkan bakteri dalam air keran dan peralatan makan. Dua sampel sampel alat makan mengandung bakteri patogen, dan satu sampel air kran mengandung bakteri ColiKata Kunci : Alat makan; Air; Cemaran mikrobiologi; Penjamah makanan.
Translanguaging as a pedagogy: exploring the use of teachers’ and students’ bilingual repertoires in Chinese language education
Authors: Han Jinghe
Published: October 2022

This research offers a post-structuralist multilingual lens to examine translanguaging practice in Chinese as an Additional Language (CAL) teaching and learning. It investigates a cohort of bilingual Chinese teachers who had been trained in a teacher-researcher education programme in an Australian university. This research asks how the Chinese teachers utilised their own and their students’ bilingual repertoires to assist the learning of Chinese in Australian schools. The participant teachers’ theses were collected, and the evidentiary chapters reporting on their classroom teaching were analysed. Informed by the initial results, a follow-up stimulated recall interview was conducted. This research found that the teachers’ translanguaging practices were identified in the form of theirs and their students’ lingual and non-lingual capitals, and these practices showed a strong pedagogical purpose, particularly in motivating and engaging learners. The teachers’ translanguaging practices contributed to CAL pedagogy across three dimensions: teachers’ classroom instruction, teaching and learning resources, and learning activity design. These practices have demonstrated an impact on the students’ engagement, the enrichment of teaching content and improvement in dynamic teaching processes. This research is expected to provide insights into the future development of translanguaging curriculum and pedagogy in CAL education.
A review: Silver–zinc oxide nanoparticles – organoclay-reinforced chitosan bionanocomposites for food packaging
Authors: Muiz Lisna Junaeni , Juwono Ariadne Lakshmidevi , Krisnandi Yuni Krisyuningsih
Published: October 2022

Research on bionanocomposites has been developed, while its application as food packaging is still being explored. They are usually made from natural polymers such as cellulose acetate, chitosan (CS), and polyvinyl alcohol. Bionanocomposite materials can replace traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials, enabling them to use new, high-performance, lightweight, and environmentally friendly composite materials. However, this natural polymer has a weakness in mechanical properties. Therefore, a composite system is needed that will improve the properties of the biodegradable food packaging. The aim of this mini-review is to demonstrate recent progress in the synthesis, modification, characterization, and application of bionanocomposites reported by previous researchers. The focus is on the preparation and characterization of CS-based bionanocomposites. The mechanical properties of CS-based food packaging can be improved by adding reinforcement from inorganic materials such as organoclay. Meanwhile, the anti-bacterial properties of CS-based food packaging can be improved by adding nanoparticles such as Ag and ZnO.
The Mediated Engagement of Switzerland with BRI: A Transnational Comparative Framing Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhan
Published: October 2022

This paper offers a transnational comparative framing analysis of leading legacy news media in Switzerland (Neue Zürcher Zeitung, abbreviated to NZZ, in German) and China (China Daily in English) in their coverage of Swiss engagement with the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in 2017 and 2019. The results implied a clear dominance of both newspapers’ economic and political actors and related frames. By introducing a geopolitical frame into the generic frame categories and adding an economy-driven frame into domestic frame categories based on the current framing pool from Transcultural Comparative Framing Model (TCFM), the study discussed how the two newspapers shared the same focus by frequency but differed from each other in the contextual discourse through argumentation. China Daily preferred to report from a general and positive overview, focusing on bilateral relations between China and Switzerland. In contrast, NZZ intended to cover more about specific Swiss industries and international actors such as the European Union and the United States, presenting a hybrid perspective towards BRI. The study found a clear presence of ideology-driven and political-position-driven frames on both newspapers—NZZ in particular. Given the importance of cultural congruence in framing studies, the study calls for an inclusion of more cultural notions and a general transcultural frame for reporting and researching emerging transnational topics through TCFM. Only when a discursive space is created with respect to different cultural patterns, might resonation in communicative encounters and conceptualization repertoires become possible.
Gift-Giving and the Seventh-Century Frankish Church in Merovingian Hagiography: The case of the Vita Eligii
Authors: Visintini Eduard
Published: October 2022

This paper argues for the combination of political and socio-economic analysis in the study of early medieval gift-giving, specifically in the context of the late Merovingian Church. Gift-giving in this period is often viewed through a historiographical tradition strongly influenced by anthropological scholarship, which rarely considers any socio-economic reasoning behind the act – particularly in the case of ecclesiastical institutions and actors. This paper associates itself with the recent and growing answer to this position, and particularly to Ian Wood’s re-working of Appadurai and Appadurai Breckenridge’s “Temple Societies” theory. It studies the political, social, and economic context and repercussions of gift-giving in the Life of Saint Eligius, a seventh-century craftsman, member of the Merovingian court, and subsequently bishop of the see of Noyon, in North-Eastern Francia. The paper analyses the vita in a threefold way: Firstly, it looks at the connection between political patronage and gift-giving through the saint’s relationship to the Merovingian court. Secondly, it considers the potential socio-economic effects of gift-giving on the ecclesiastical institutions described throughout the text, and on the societies around them. Thirdly, it interprets these aspects in the light of the political expansion of the Merovingian Church, and of its institutions, in eastern Gaul.
A systematic review of transcranial direct current stimulation on eye movements and associated psychological function
Authors: Subramaniam Ashwin , Liu Sicong , Lochhead Liam , Appelbaum Lawrence Gregory
Published: October 2022

The last decades have seen a rise in the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) approaches to modulate brain activity and associated behavior. Concurrently, eye tracking (ET) technology has improved to allow more precise quantitative measurement of gaze behavior, offering a window into the mechanisms of vision and cognition. When combined, tDCS and ET provide a powerful system to probe brain function and measure the impact on visual function, leading to an increasing number of studies that utilize these techniques together. The current pre-registered, systematic review seeks to describe the literature that integrates these approaches with the goal of changing brain activity with tDCS and measuring associated changes in eye movements with ET. The literature search identified 26 articles that combined ET and tDCS in a probe-and-measure model and are systematically reviewed here. All studies implemented controlled interventional designs to address topics related to oculomotor control, cognitive processing, emotion regulation, or cravings in healthy volunteers and patient populations. Across these studies, active stimulation typically led to changes in the number, duration, and timing of fixations compared to control stimulation. Notably, half the studies addressed emotion regulation, each showing hypothesized effects of tDCS on ET metrics, while tDCS targeting the frontal cortex was widely used and also generally produced expected modulation of ET. This review reveals promising evidence of the impact of tDCS on eye movements and associated psychological function, offering a framework for effective designs with recommendations for future studies.
Acacetin improves cognitive function of APP/PS1 Alzheimer’s disease model mice via the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway
Authors: Bu Juan , Zhang Yanmin , Mahan Yeledan , Shi Shen , Wu Xuanxia , Zhang Xiaoling , Wang Zhaoxia , Zhou Ling
Published: October 2022

Background

Acacetin (5,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone), one of the main extractions from Saussurea involucrata, has anti-inflammatory effects. Our previous study found that acacetin inhibited the Nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury. NLRP3 inflammasome plays a role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) process. However, few studies have examined the effects of acacetin in AD.

Methods

We randomly divided APP swe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice into acacetin group (intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg acacetin) and AD model group (intraperitoneal injection of same volume of saline). C57BL/6 mice were selected as control group (same treatment with AD model group). After treating for 30 days, a Morris water maze test was conducted to evaluate spatial learning and memory of the mice. Senile plaque (SP) formation was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. NLRP3 inflammasome-related inflammatory factors and amyloid-β-42 were detected by Western blot or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Acacetin improved spatial learning and memory of AD mice and reduced APP/β expression, thereby decreasing SP formation in the brain. Acacetin also reduced the expression of NLRP3, cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 1 (caspase-1), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the release of inflammatory factors, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β.

Conclusions

Acacetin improved the learning and memory abilities of AD mice and exerted a protective effect on AD by inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling pathway and reducing SP formation.
Evaluation of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid modified chitosan immobilized in amino-carbmated alginate matrix as a low cost adsorbent for effective Cu(II) recovery
Authors: Shehzad Hamza , Farooqi Zahoor H. , Ahmad Ejaz , Sharif Ahsan , Irfan Ahmad , Din Muhammad Imran , Begum Robina , Liu Zhirong , Zhou Limin , Ouyang Jinbo , Rasheed Lubna , Akram Tehreem , Mahmood Azhar
Published: October 2022

In present work, facile synthesis of a biocompatible hybrid biosorbent based on diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) modified chitosan immobilized in organo-functionalized sodium alginate matrix (DTPA-MCSA) was carried out. DTPA-MCSA was casted in microspherical hydrogel beads. Three dimensional microporous geometry of the biosorbent remained well preserved as observed in SEM analysis which revealed the improved mechanical strength of the alginate matrix. Surface functionalization of base biopolymers was confirmed by FTIR and SEM analysis. Equilibrium sorption studies using DTPA-MCSA for Cu(II) from aqueous medium were carried out in batch mode and found considerably dependent on pH, contact sorption time, temperature and initial copper concentration. Isothermal sorption data showed close correlation with Langmuir model as evident from nonlinear fitting of data (R
2 ˜ 0.99) at different temperatures. The experimental sorption capacity (q
e) was found nearly 67 mg/g using 100 mg/L initial concentration of copper ions. Kinetic studies were conducted using different initial concentrations for better elucidation of results and it showed better correlation with pseudo second order rate equation which unveiled that strong ion pair coordination and complexation exist between Cu(II) and newly grafted chelating sites of DTPA-MCSA. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. The results concluded that DTPA-MCSA could be a better candidate for adsorptive remediation of copper ions from liquid waste.
The Absence of Parkin Does Not Promote Dopamine or Mitochondrial Dysfunction in PolgAD257A/D257AMitochondrial Mutator Mice
Authors: Scott Laura , Karuppagounder Senthilkumar S. , Neifert Stewart , Kang Bong Gu , Wang Hu , Dawson Valina L. , Dawson Ted M.
Published: October 2022

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). In this study, we generated a transgenic model by crossing germline Parkin–/–mice with PolgAD257Amice, an established model of premature aging and mitochondrial stress. We hypothesized that loss of Parkin–/–in PolgAD257A/D257Amice would exacerbate mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to loss of dopamine neurons and nigral-striatal specific neurobehavioral motor dysfunction. We found that aged Parkin–/–/PolgAD257A/D257Amale and female mice exhibited severe behavioral deficits, nonspecific to the nigral-striatal pathway, with neither dopaminergic neurodegeneration nor reductions in striatal dopamine. We saw no difference in expression levels of nuclear-encoded subunits of mitochondrial markers and mitochondrial Complex I and IV activities, although we did observe substantial reductions in mitochondrial-encoded COX41I, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction as a result of PolgAD257A/D257AmtDNA mutations. Expression levels of mitophagy markers LC3I/LC3II remained unchanged between cohorts, suggesting no overt mitophagy defects. Expression levels of the parkin substrates, VDAC, NLRP3, and AIMP2 remained unchanged, suggesting no parkin dysfunction. In summary, we were unable to observe dopaminergic neurodegeneration with corresponding nigral-striatal neurobehavioral deficits, nor Parkin or mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkin–/–/PolgAD257A/D257Amice. These findings support a lack of synergism of Parkin loss on mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse models of mitochondrial deficits.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTProducing a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD) that is etiologically relevant, recapitulates clinical hallmarks, and exhibits reproducible results is crucial to understanding the underlying pathology and in developing disease-modifying therapies. Here, we show that Parkin–/–/PolgAD257A/D257Amice, a previously reported PD mouse model, fails to reproduce a Parkinsonian phenotype. We show that these mice do not display dopaminergic neurodegeneration nor nigral-striatal-dependent motor deficits. Furthermore, we report that Parkin loss does not synergize with mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results demonstrate that Parkin–/–/PolgAD257A/D257Amice are not a reliable model for PD and adds to a growing body of work demonstrating that Parkin loss does not synergize with mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse models of mitochondrial deficits.
Differential Regulation of the BDNF Gene in Cortical and Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Esvald Eli-Eelika , Tuvikene Jürgen , Moistus Andra , Rannaste Käthy , Kõomägi Susann , Timmusk Tõnis
Published: October 2022

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a widely expressed neurotrophin that supports the survival, differentiation, and signaling of various neuronal populations. Although it has been well described that expression of BDNF is strongly regulated by neuronal activity, little is known whether regulation of BDNF expression is similar in different brain regions. Here, we focused on this fundamental question using neuronal populations obtained from rat cerebral cortices and hippocampi of both sexes. First, we thoroughly characterized the role of the best-described regulators of BDNF gene - cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) family transcription factors, and show that activity-dependent BDNF expression depends more on CREB and the coactivators CREB binding protein (CBP) and CREB-regulated transcriptional coactivator 1 (CRTC1) in cortical than in hippocampal neurons. Our data also reveal an important role of CREB in the early induction of BDNF mRNA expression after neuronal activity and only modest contribution after prolonged neuronal activity. We further corroborated our findings at BDNF protein level. To determine the transcription factors regulating BDNF expression in these rat brain regions in addition to CREB family, we usedin vitroDNA pulldown assay coupled with mass spectrometry, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and bioinformatics, and propose a number of neurodevelopmentally important transcription factors, such as FOXP1, SATB2, RAI1, BCL11A, and TCF4 as brain region-specific regulators of BDNF expression. Together, our data reveal complicated brain region-specific fine-tuning of BDNF expression.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTo date, majority of the research has focused on the regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain but much less is known whether the regulation of BDNF expression is universal in different brain regions and neuronal populations. Here, we report that the best described regulators of BDNF gene from the cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) transcription factor family have a more profound role in the activity-dependent regulation of BDNF in cortex than in hippocampus. Our results indicate a brain region-specific fine tuning of BDNF expression. Moreover, we have used unbiased determination of novel regulators of the BDNF gene and report a number of neurodevelopmentally important transcription factors as novel potential regulators of the BDNF expression.
When San Francisco Met Tennessee: Civil War Memory, Racial Violence, and the Costs of Sectional Reconciliation during the Spanish-American War
Authors: McDonnell Pierce Gissler
Published: October 2022

During the Spanish-American War, the First Tennessee Volunteer Infantry was one of fourteen state volunteer regiments mobilized and trained in San Francisco before deployment to the Philippines. Historians have written several detailed accounts of the First Tennessee’s visit to San Francisco, but the controversies that the regiment generated during its western travels have yet to be closely examined. In the most dramatic incident, nearly half of the regiment stormed out of the Presidio army base into a local neighborhood, in an attempt to lynch a Black San Franciscan named Daniel Thomas. Although the Southern regiment’s scandals sparked a brief period of tension in San Francisco, the city’s memories of these events quickly faded into the national narrative of sectional reconciliation. This essay reexamines the significance of the First Tennessee’s visit to San Francisco through the lens of the Thomas family’s experiences, considering these events within the broader historical arcs of American sectional reunion and overseas imperialism.
Watts Teach-In: “Restorative Histories” through Activist-Led Scholarship
Authors: Cupchoy Lani , Dennis Dawn A.
Published: October 2022

This article explores the practice of community-based projects emerging from Los Angeles, specifically Watts. We argue for activist-led scholarship rooted in “restorative histories” to shift the power relationship back into the hands of BIPOC communities. In this essay, we join the existing rich dialogue about public history and the community to share our pedagogical framework for educators interested in utilizing collaborative projects, such as a teach-in, to strengthen community partnerships that have historically been damaged by academics and practitioners who have exploited their relationships with, and the cultural wealth of, BIPOC communities.
The ocean and human health as a meta-discipline: Opportunity for Atlantic Canada
Authors: Watson-Wright Wendy M.
Published: October 2022

The one global ocean is receiving unprecedented attention recently, due to numerous factors such as the ocean’s role in climate change and the burgeoning blue economy. However, even though the ocean allows life on this planet, very little attention has been given to the complex relationship between the ocean and human health (OHH). USA and Europe have for a number of years focused funding on OHH as a meta-discipline (i.e., a discipline that includes the ideas and perspectives of a number of other disciplines), but Canada until now has not. This article examines the advancement of OHH and argues that Atlantic Canada could and should lead a Canadian meta-disciplinary program on the ocean and human health.Keywords: global ocean, human health, meta-discipline
Loon Watch – 25 years of successful volunteer citizen science at Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia
Authors: Kerekes Joseph J. , Hope Peter
Published: October 2022

N/A
An examination of mercury concentrations in eggshells of the common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) in Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Taylor Jillian R. , Campbell Linda , LeBlanc Molly
Published: October 2022

Mercury (Hg) is a potentially toxic metal that has bioaccumulating and biomagnifying properties. In egg laying animals, it can be transferred from an adult female to offspring. However, in turtles, the inter-and-intra-nest variation of Hg concentrations remains unknown. We investigated the concentration of Hg in preyed-upon Common Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) eggshells. The variability in Hg contamination between and within each nest was assessed. In June 2021, 368 eggshells left behind by predators were sampled from 14 nests, from three different sites in southwest Nova Scotia. Ten eggshells were randomly selected from each nest for analysis. We found no correlation between estimated number of eggs in a nest and average nest Hg concentration. Significant inter-nest variation (Hg ranging from 12.0 ± 3.85 to 172.3 ± 43.9 µg/kg) and intra-nest variability may indicate maternal transfer. The collection of the shells of freshly preyed- upon eggs is a useful non-destructive sampling technique to maintain sustainable turtle populations. Our results demonstrate the need for further investigation into the impact of Hg on temperate, freshwater turtle reproduction. Keywords: mercury concentration, maternal transfer, common snapping turtle, eggshells
Maritime marine life. Field guide to fishes, invertebrates and plants of the Northwest Atlantic
Authors: Wells Peter G.
Published: October 2022

N/A
International Legal Perspective on the Implementation of the Death Penalty Case Study of Mary Jane Fiesta Veloso
Authors: Saputri Ananda Ima
Published: October 2022

Mary Jane, a citizen from the Philippines, was arrested on April 25, 2010 by the police at Adi Sutjipto Airport, Yogyakarta, for her efforts to smuggle 2.6 kilograms of Heroin. In this case, finally in October Marry Jane was sentenced to death by the Sleman District Court on charges of violating Article 114 paragraph 2 of Law Number 35 Year 2009 Regarding Narcotics. Mary Jane sent clemency, which was rejected by President Jokowi. Mary Jane then tried to submit the Judicial Review (PK) and the PK session where the Sleman District Court decided to forward the Mary PK to the Supreme Court (MA). From this there are the main issues raised in this paper namely how international legal review responds to the death penalty that still occurs in several countries, especially Indonesia in Narcotics crime cases and what is the legal basis for the death sentence for drug dealers. The purpose of writing this paper is to increase knowledge of the legality of the death penalty in terms of human rights and international law. This writing uses a research method conducted by studying and analyzing legal materials and related legal issues. Through international legal instruments as in Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), Article 6 paragraph (1) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and in the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights which are protocols additional to the ICCPR which obliges participating countries to ban the implementation of the death penalty and abolish the death penalty. However, the results of the study show that the application of the death penalty for Narcotics crimes must be carried out to protect the public by capital punishment for Narcotics offenders which does not conflict with human rights and international conventions of civil and political rights so that the death penalty can be applied in Indonesia.
Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Internasional dalam Kasus Sengketa Indonesia-Malaysia Mengenai Pulau Sipadan dan Ligitan
Authors: Novitasari Choirunnisa Nur
Published: October 2022

Disputes between Indonesia and Malaysia in the International Court of Justice on the issues of the islands of Sipadan and Ligitan continued to roll throughout the year until 1997 both countries raised this issue in international law. The two islands which are located in the center of Indonesia, precisely in the Makassar Strait, were finally won by the Malaysian side on December 17, 2002 The Court finally decided that Malaysia is the party that has full sovereignty over Sipadan Island and Ligitan Island. In its decision. The court made the doctrine of "ejfectivites" the main consideration for declaring Malaysian ownership of the two islands. According to the Court, the conventional Indonesian title claim and the OlY Malaysia chain of title claim are as weak as they cannot provide legal evidence that can support their respective ownership claims in the two disputed islands. The Court also believes that there is no authentic documentary evidence that can be sure that the two disputed islands belong to the Dutch or British territories. after various international legal channels taken by these two countries because it is based on several factors, namely: continuous presence, effective occupation, management and preservation of nature. This was confirmed in the Report of the International Court of Justice 1 August-31 July 2012, the decision of the International Court of Justice was carried out through bargaining led by presiding judge Gilbert Guillaume from France who established Malaysia as having sovereignty over the islands of Sipadan and Ligitan. Thus Malaysia has the right to draw a base line as its boundary to the outer points of Sipadan Island and Ligitan Island. As a friendly country, diplomatic relations between Indonesia and Malaysia were disrupted at that time due to the overlapping claims between Indonesia and Malaysia over the islands of Sipadan and Ligitan, which emerged since 1967, but as we know, based on The Hague's two conventions on resolving international disputes this, the countries (members) make maximum efforts to resolve international disputes peacefully. For this purpose, as long as the situation still permits or permits, the parties agree to submit their dispute to good services, mediation or the commission of inquiry to settle their dispute (diplomatic means) therefore a peaceful path is pursued by the two countries cannot do big things as a form of change in accordance with their wishes.
Pola Penerapan Sanksi Administratif Bagi Perusahaan Penyedia Jasa Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Terhadap perlindungan Buruh Migran Indonesia di Luar Negeri
Authors: Herlambang Pratama Herry , Sulistiyono Tri , Risky Salsabila Masyita Isnadya
Published: October 2022

Iming-imingi upah yang besar menjadi pekerja migran diluar neeri juga dibayangi-bayangi akan resiko yang juga sama besarnya. Jumlah perpindahan pekerja dari tanah air ke negeri asing semakin lama semakin meningkat . Resiko yang besar dan minat yang tinggi menyebabkan buruh migran sebagai pihak yang rentan terenggut haknya olehkarena itu perlu dilindungi oleh negara. Penelitian ini berusaha mengkaji mengenai penerapan pola sanksi yang didapat oleh perusahaan penyedia jasa tenaga kerja sebagai buruh migran dan perlindungan bagi  buruh migran Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris dimana realita yang terjadi dilapangan dikaji dan dikomparasi dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku. Tujuan untuk mengetahui seperti apa perlindungan hukum bagi pekerja migran dan sanksi bagi Penyedia Jasa Tenaga Kerja Indonesia
Legal Perspective: The Role of Infrastructure Guarantee Institution in Infrastructure Project Provision Through Public-Private Partnership Scheme
Authors: Abubakar Lastuti , Handayani Tri
Published: October 2022

Infrastructure development is a strategic step for Indonesia to accelerate national development and economic equality. One of the efforts to attract investment is a partnership between the Government and Business Entities in the infrastructure provision. The large source of funding is one of the obstacles in infrastructure development and to overcome the funding gap in infrastructure development, a new financing scheme is used that involved new partners (private, non-profit organization, or the community) to participate in infrastructure financing and project implementation. The involvement of the Business Entity in infrastructure financing is carried out with the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) scheme. One of the Government's contributions to PPP is to provide Government Guarantees through Indonesia Infrastructure Guarantee Fund (IIGF). This study aims to examine the role of IIGF in the Public and how it functions to encourage the acceleration of infrastructure development. This study utilizes a normative juridical research method with a specification of descriptive-analytical. Results indicate that: from a legal perspective, IIGF is an institution that provides a guarantee for losses due to political risks such as changes in regulations, delays or failures of financial close, as well as failures in granting licenses and approvals. As an institution that provides a guarantee, IIGF is a development of a corporate guarantee whose legal basis uses the concept of a Recourse Agreement according to Civil Code but its implementation regulated in separate statutory regulations. IIGF performs a guarantee function and adds value to infrastructure development that has the greatest impact on the benefit of the people of Indonesia; protects the interests of the government in fulfilling infrastructure development through transparent and accountable processes; and increases investor trust by providing investment convenience and payment certainty for claims of risk of loss for a collaborative infrastructure project.
The Urgency Of The Organization And Legitimacy Of The Digitalization Of The General Meetings Of Shareholders Of The Limited Liability Company During The Covid-19 Time In Review Of The Ius Constitutum
Authors: Rahmanda Bagus , Adhi Yuli Prasetyo , Widarnati Herni
Published: October 2022

Limited Liability Company is a legal entity of capital partnership that is engaged in business with authorized capital which is fully divided through shares. The purpose of a limited liability company is to run a business with capital divided into shares in which the shareholders have a stake in carrying out legal actions without being responsible for themselves regarding agreements in the company. One of the organs in a limited liability company that also has an important role is the General Meeting of Shareholders. Oftentimes, the General Meeting of Shareholders is crowned as the most vital organ of a limited liability company because it has the authority that other limited company organs do not have, such as the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioners. The rapid development of Covid-19 has hampered the holding of the GMS which was previously carried out in person but has now become virtual via teleconference media due to the physical distancing policy. Article 77 Paragraph 1 of Law Number 40 of the Year 2007 and POJK Number 16/POJK.04/2020 is a breakthrough to accommodate the online General Meeting of Shareholders of Limited Liability Companies. Based on this description, this research is aimed at knowing and analyzing the new arrangements for the General Meeting of Shareholders in Limited Liability Companies, especially in its implementation after Covid-19 hit Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical law research, namely by collecting secondary legal data consisting of secondary and primary legal materials. Data collection techniques are carried out by studying facts, documents, and books related to the problems studied. The implementation of the digitization of the GMS can generally be carried out either through teleconference media, video conferences, or other electronic media that allows all participants to interact and participate efficiently in meetings.
The Legal Protection for Child Perpetrators and Victims of Revenge Porn in Indonesia
Authors: Jennifer Graceyana , Rumondor Jenaya Adra , Desintha Pande Ketut Natalia
Published: October 2022

The development of the digital world brings so many benefits to human life, which includes all levels of people, from children to adults. For children, the digital world and social media will certainly support a more advanced and developing life. However, this progress also presents various potentials and challenges that are not in line with the fulfillment of children's growth and development rights. This is related to the threat of children's rights in criminal acts based on social media, both as perpetrators and as victims of the crime itself. One of these crimes is online gender-based violence that is rife in the form of cyberporn with revenge porn modus operandi, which is a crime by spreading vulgar content without the consent of the person in the content to take revenge. The research method used is a descriptive-analytical research method with a normative legal approach, where the author uses secondary data and a statutory approach to draw deductive conclusions. Therefore, the government needs to actively implement legal protection to protect the rights of children as victims and perpetrators. Such legal protection should be carried out in a preventative manner with the Virtual Police mechanism and the role of the Stakeholders, and repressively by carrying out the judiciary, instilling the concept of restorative justice in its implementation, both in the application of diversion for the perpetrator and the provision of restitution or compensation for victims.
Reducing the Company’s Insolvency: How suspension of debt payment obligation and bankruptcy proceedings help the company?
Authors: Agasie Deyola , Apriani Rani
Published: October 2022

Corporate insolvency will have an unfavorable effect on the country's economy. Currently many companies are facing the threat of bankruptcy applications in the Commercial Court because difficulty of paying the company's debts to its creditors. In the midst of the situation the number of Covid-19 cases that occurred in Indonesia, it has a negative impact with the decline in the performance of business actors due to the crisis. From that situation, it results in a decrease in the amount of income to the difficulty of paying debts or credit to creditors. To reduce the increase in insolvency, the government seeks the enactment of a moratorium on PKPU and Bankruptcy whose implementation will pay attention to the development of Covid-19 pandemic conditions. This research aims to find out how the implications in implementing a moratorium on PKPU and Bankruptcy in order to reduce the company's insolvency and how its legal protection efforts for creditors and debtors. This research is Normative juridical with a Statute Approach. The results of this study are the implications that will occur in the enactment of the moratorium on PKPU and Bankruptcy and legal protection for the parties under Law No. 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy and Delay of Debt Payment Obligations.  By fulfilling the terms and conditions as intended, the conclusion obtained is that the implementation of the moratorium has a positive and negative impact on the parties and obtains protection and is justified by applicable law but must be in accordance with the applicable provisions.