bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Fast X-Ray Transient XRT 210423 and Its Host Galaxy
Authors: Eappachen D. , Jonker P. G. , Levan A. J. , Quirola-Vásquez J. , Torres M. A. P. , Bauer F. E. , Dhillon V. S. , Marsh T. , Littlefair S. P. , Ravasio M. E. , Fraser M.
Published: May 2023

Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) are X-ray flares with durations ranging from a few hundred seconds to a few hours. Possible origins include the tidal disruption of a white dwarf by an intermediate-mass black hole, a supernova shock breakout, or a binary neutron star merger. We present the X-ray light curve and spectrum as well as deep optical imaging of the FXT XRT 210423, which has been suggested to be powered by a magnetar produced in a binary neutron star merger. Our Very Large Telescope and Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) observations began on 2021 May 6, thirteen days after the onset of the flare. No transient optical counterpart is found in the 1.″ (3σ) X-ray uncertainty region of the source to a depth g

s
= 27.0 AB mag. (We use the word “counterpart” for any transient light in a wave band other than the original X-ray detection wave band, whereas the word “host” refers to the host galaxy.) A candidate host lies within the 1.″ X-ray uncertainty region with a magnitude of 25.9 ± 0.1 in the GTC/HiPERCAM g

s
filter. Due to its faintness, it was not detected in other bands, precluding a photometric redshift determination. We detect two additional candidate host galaxies: one with z
spec = 1.5082 ± 0.0001 and an offset of 4.″2 ± 1.″ (37 ± 9 kpc) from the FXT, and another one with

z

phot

=

1.04

−
0.14

+
0.22

and an offset of 3.″6 ± 1.″ (30 ± 8 kpc). Based on the properties of all the prospective hosts, we favor a binary neutron star merger, as previously suggested in the literature, as the explanation for XRT 210423.
A Statistical Search for a Uniform Trigger Threshold in Solar Flares from Individual Active Regions
Authors: Carlin Julian B. , Melatos Andrew , Wheatland Michael S.
Published: May 2023

Solar flares result from the sudden release of energy deposited by subphotospheric motions into the magnetic field of the corona. The deposited energy accumulates secularly between events. One may interpret the observed event statistics as resulting from a state-dependent Poisson process in which the instantaneous flare rate is a function of the stress in the system and a flare becomes certain as the stress approaches a threshold set by the microphysics of the flare trigger. If the system is driven fast, and if the threshold is static and uniform globally, a cross-correlation is predicted between the size of a flare and the forward waiting time to the next flare. This cross-correlation is broadly absent from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) soft X-ray flare database. One also predicts higher cross-correlations in active regions where the shapes of the waiting time and size distributions match. Again, there is no evidence for such an association in the GOES data. The data imply at least one of the following: (i) the threshold at which a flare is triggered varies in time; (ii) the rate at which energy is driven into active regions varies in time; (iii) historical flare catalogs are incomplete; or (iv) the description of solar flares as resulting from a buildup and release of energy, once a threshold is reached, is incomplete.
The Magnetic Sensitivity of the (250–278 nm) Fe ii Polarization Spectrum
Authors: Afonso Delgado David , del Pino Alemán Tanausú , Trujillo Bueno Javier
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a theoretical investigation of the polarization and magnetic sensitivity of the near-ultraviolet (near-UV) solar spectral lines of Fe ii between 250 and 278 nm. In recent years, UV spectropolarimetry has become key to uncovering the magnetism of the upper layers of the solar chromosphere. The unprecedented data obtained by the CLASP2 suborbital space experiment across the Mg ii h and k lines around 280 nm are a clear example of the capabilities of near-UV spectropolarimetry for magnetic field diagnostics throughout the whole solar chromosphere. Recent works have pointed out the possible complementary diagnostic potential of the many Fe ii lines in the unexplored spectral region between 250 and 278 nm, but no quantitative analysis of the polarization and magnetic sensitivity of those spectral lines has been carried out yet. To study the polarization signals in these spectral lines, we create a comprehensive atomic model including all the atomic transitions resulting in strong spectral lines. We then study the magnetic sensitivity of the linear and circular polarization profiles in a semiempirical model representative of the quiet Sun. We present a selection of Fe ii spectral lines with significant linear and circular polarization signals and evaluate their diagnostic capabilities by studying their formation heights and magnetic sensitivity through the action of the Hanle and Zeeman effects. We conclude that when combined with the CLASP2 spectral region these Fe ii lines are of interest for the inference of magnetic fields throughout the solar chromosphere, up to near the base of the corona.
Early Results from GLASS-JWST. XIX. A High Density of Bright Galaxies at z ≈ 10 in the A2744 Region
Authors: Castellano Marco , Fontana Adriano , Treu Tommaso , Merlin Emiliano , Santini Paola , Bergamini Pietro , Grillo Claudio , Rosati Piero , Acebron Ana , Leethochawalit Nicha , Paris Diego , Bonchi Andrea , Belfiori Davide , Calabrò Antonello , Correnti Matteo , Nonino Mario , Polenta Gianluca , Trenti Michele , Boyett Kristan , Brammer G. , Broadhurst Tom , Caminha Gabriel B. , Chen Wenlei , Filippenko Alexei V. , Fortuni Flaminia , Glazebrook Karl , Mascia Sara , Mason Charlotte A. , Menci Nicola , Meneghetti Massimo , Mercurio Amata , Metha Benjamin , Morishita Takahiro , Nanayakkara Themiya , Pentericci Laura , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Roy Namrata , Vanzella Eros , Vulcani Benedetta , Yang Lilan , Wang Xin
Published: May 2023

We report the detection of a high density of redshift z ≈ 10 galaxies behind the foreground cluster A2744, selected from imaging data obtained recently with NIRCam on board JWST by three programs—GLASS-JWST, UNCOVER, and DDT#2756. To ensure robust estimates of the lensing magnification μ, we use an improved version of our model that exploits the first epoch of NIRCam images and newly obtained MUSE spectra and avoids regions with μ > 5 where the uncertainty may be higher. We detect seven bright z ≈ 10 galaxies with demagnified rest frame −22 ≲ M
UV ≲ −19 mag, over an area of ∼37 arcmin2. Taking into account photometric incompleteness and the effects of lensing on luminosity and cosmological volume, we find that the density of z ≈ 10 galaxies in the field is about 10× (3×) larger than the average at M
UV ≈ −21 ( −20) mag reported so far. The density is even higher when considering only the GLASS-JWST data, which are the deepest and the least affected by magnification and incompleteness. The GLASS-JWST field contains five out of seven galaxies, distributed along an apparent filamentary structure of 2 Mpc in projected length, and includes a close pair of candidates with M
UV < −20 mag having a projected separation of only 16 kpc. These findings suggest the presence of a z ≈ 10 overdensity in the field. In addition to providing excellent targets for efficient spectroscopic follow-up observations, our study confirms the high density of bright galaxies observed in early JWST observations but calls for multiple surveys along independent lines of sight to achieve an unbiased estimate of their average density and a first estimate of their clustering.
M92 (NGC 6341) Is a Metal-complex Globular Cluster with an Atypical Primordial Population
Authors: Lee Jae-Woo
Published: May 2023

We present a multiple stellar population study of the metal-poor globular cluster (GC) M92 (NGC 6341), which is long known for the substantial metallicity dispersion, using our own photometric system. We find two groups with slightly different mean metallicities, the metal-poor (MP) stars with [Fe/H]
hk
= −2.412 ± 0.03 and the metal-rich (MR) ones with −2.282 ± 0.002. The MP constitutes about 23% of the total mass with a more central concentration. Our populational tagging based on the [C/Fe]
ch
and [N/Fe]
nh
provides the mean n(P):n(I):n(E) = 32.2:31.6:36.2 (±2.4), where P, I, and E denote the primordial, intermediate, and extreme populations, respectively. Our populational number ratio is consistent with those of others. However, the MP has a significantly different populational number ratio than the mean value, and the domination of the primordial population in the MP is consistent with observations of Galactic GCs that less massive GCs contain larger fractions of the primordial population. Structural and constituent differences between the MP and MR may indicate that M92 is a merger remnant in a dwarf galaxy environment, consistent with recent suggestions that M92 is a GC in a dwarf galaxy or a remnant nucleus of the progenitor galaxy. Discrepancy between our method and those widely used for the Hubble Space Telescope photometry exists in the primordial population. Significant magnesium and oxygen depletions of −0.8 and −0.3 dex, respectively, and helium enhancement of ΔY ≳ 0.03 are required to explain the presence of this abnormal primordial group. No clear explanation is available with limited information of detailed elemental abundances.
There’s More to Life than O2: Simulating the Detectability of a Range of Molecules for Ground-based, High-resolution Spectroscopy of Transiting Terrestrial Exoplanets
Authors: Currie Miles H. , Meadows Victoria S. , Rasmussen Kaitlin C.
Published: May 2023

Within the next decade, atmospheric O2 on Earth-like M-dwarf planets may be accessible with visible–near-infrared (NIR), high-spectral-resolution, ground-based extremely large telescope (ELT) instruments. However, the prospects for using ELTs to detect environmental properties that provide context for O2 have not been thoroughly explored. Additional molecules may help indicate planetary habitability, rule out abiotically generated O2, or reveal alternative biosignatures. To understand the accessibility of environmental context using ELT spectra, we simulate high-resolution transit transmission spectra of previously generated evolved terrestrial atmospheres. We consider inhabited preindustrial and Archean Earth–like atmospheres, and lifeless worlds with abiotic O2 buildup from CO2 and H2O photolysis. All atmospheres are self-consistent with M2V–M8V dwarf host stars. Our simulations include explicit treatment of systematic and telluric effects to model high-resolution spectra for Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT), Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), and European ELT (E-ELT) configurations for systems 5 and 12 pc from Earth. Using the cross-correlation technique, we determine the detectability of major species in these atmospheres: O2, O3, CH4, CO2, CO, H2O, and C2H6. Our results suggest that CH4 and CO2 are the most accessible molecules for terrestrial planets transiting a range of M-dwarf hosts using an E-ELT-, TMT-, or GMT-sized telescope, and that the O2 NIR and H2O 0.9 μm bands may also be accessible with more observation time. Although this technique still faces considerable challenges, the ELTs will provide access to the atmospheres of terrestrial planets transiting earlier-type M-dwarf hosts that may not be possible using JWST.
Ponar and the will to remember: Holocaust commemorations in Soviet Lithuania
Authors: Jakulytė-Vasil Milda
Published: May 2023

This article explores the post-war history of the largest mass murder site in Lithuania, Ponar, and attempts by Jewish survivors to commemorate Holocaust victims during the period of Soviet occupation (1944–1990). The research shows that in spite of the ruling authorities creating significant obstacles for the small Jewish population to hold commemorations and over the course of the various physical transformations of Ponar, the site remained one of the most significant and most symbolic for Jewish identity and Jewish resistance to state policies.
Le cirque en France à l’épreuve de l’École républicaine : histoire d’une scolarisation différée (1880-1974)
Authors: Froissart Tony , Lemonnier Jean-Marc , Dutheil Frédéric
Published: May 2023

Si les historiens et sociologues ont relaté les difficultés enseignantes à s’emparer des activités physiques artistiques comme support d’une éducation physique scolaire (EPS) depuis 1980-1990 en France, cette contribution se tourne vers la période précédant ces structurations institutionnelle, professionnelle et scolaire. L’enjeu réside dans le questionnement d’une absence scolaire du cirque de près d’un siècle (1880-1974) et les motifs et valeurs qui y président. Il s’agit d’interroger les tenants et aboutissants d’une pratique physique très ancienne mais durablement absente de l’école française durant le xx e  siècle alors qu’elle recouvre certains codes de la gymnastique ou du sport. En centrant nos focales sur l’EPS, l’évolution de la pratique du cirque et la lente structuration de la profession circassienne, notre intention est d’apprécier le procès de non scolarisation du cirque, à l’aune des représentations sociales, des attentes institutionnelles et conceptuelles depuis la fin du xix e  aux années 1970. Nous montrerons notamment que le cirque ne peut ou ne doit pas être scolarisé durant ces neuf décennies en croisant plusieurs types de sources, qu’elles relèvent de textes institutionnels, d’ouvrages de concepteurs scolaires, de revues spécialisées ou d’affiches de cirque.
Donner une part de soi. La transférabilité des ressources et dispositions dans l’encadrement des classes de mer
Authors: Guillaud Étienne
Published: May 2023

Les entretiens et observations menés au sein d’établissements assurant l’encadrement de classes de mer soulignent comment le travail « d’éducation au milieu marin » prend des formes variées selon les propriétés sociales des éducateurs eux-mêmes et de l’organisation plus générale du travail. Occuper un poste d’éducateur de classe de mer est une activité professionnelle peu formalisée, où il est possible pour le travailleur de transférer des savoirs et savoir-faire constitués en dehors de l’espace de travail. L’importation d’un capital social local peut ainsi devenir un élément déterminant dans la constitution d’une offre éducative. La nature comme les modalités de cette transférabilité s’avèrent toutefois variables selon les configurations.
Enquêter sur son groupe minoritaire d’appartenance : avantage épistémique et production de la face interne de la frontière du groupe
Authors: Trawalé Damien
Published: May 2023

À partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée dans des associations parisiennes LGBT noires, cet article questionne les effets que peuvent induire pour la recherche un statut de minorité partagé entre enquêteur·rice et enquêté·e·s. L’enjeu est double. Il s’agit d’abord de questionner la notion d’avantage épistémique en remettant en cause l’idée selon laquelle le statut d’ insider serait mécaniquement gage de facilité d’accès au terrain, de confiance et de compréhension. L’article se propose, ensuite, de substituer à cette notion d’avantage épistémique une autre caractéristique qui apparaît plus fondamentalement structurer la recherche d’un·e minoritaire qui porte sur son groupe statutaire d’appartenance. Dans cette configuration, le·la chercheur·e se trouve pris·e dans le travail d’entretien et de production des frontières du groupe qui structure plus largement les relations qu’entretiennent ses membres dans la vie quotidienne.
Du collectif au contrat collectif, paradoxes de la trajectoire de la protection sociale (complémentaire) des fonctionnaires
Authors: Beaucreux Florian
Published: May 2023

L’article s’appuie sur la trajectoire de la protection sociale en santé des fonctionnaires pour s’intéresser aux particularités de leurs mutuelles. Leurs constitutions, leurs périmètres et modalités d’intervention sont spécifiques et les placent dans une position atypique vis-à-vis de l’assurance maladie complémentaire (AMC). Bien que les spécificités s’amenuisent, ce modèle économique et social semble intrinsèquement opposé aux principes de marché. Les réformes de la protection sociale complémentaire des fonctionnaires semblent ainsi déterminantes dans la question de l’érosion des valeurs mutualistes, et plus généralement la structuration de l’AMC.
Specializing Within a Prelicensure Nursing Program: An Innovative Clinical Design
Authors: Barnum Leslie , Mutascio Jennifer
Published: May 2023

Background:

Traditionally, prelicensure nursing programs aim to give students exposure to several different populations in preparation for becoming a registered nurse. Those who begin a career in a specialty such as pediatrics have often had little exposure and experience with the aptitudes and knowledge needed to be workforce ready.

Method:

An innovative clinical cohort program was designed to prepare students better to graduate with a strong specialty foundation already established. Following the American Association of Colleges of Nursing recommendation to seek academic-practice partnerships, this cohort model was established between a university and freestanding children's hospital. Students enrolled in this program complete all required didactic and simulation coursework in the traditional curriculum. In addition, they participate in frequent clinical experiences at the children's hospital throughout the entire program.

Results:

Students graduating from this program have received adequate preparation to graduate, pass NCLEX, and are competent in all necessary general nursing principles. At the same time, they are well versed in pediatric nursing and comfortable caring for this specialty population.

Conclusion:

Prelicensure students can specialize in pediatrics while meeting all general requirements of a traditional Bachelor of Science in Nursing program. This novel clinical cohort design could serve as a model to change standard programming and better meet the needs of our practice partners.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2023;62(8):475–478.]
Patterns of Change in Parental Health Literacy in Relation to Children's Oral Health
Authors: Schmiege Sarah J. , Jiang Luohua , Albino Judith , Johnson Rachel L. , Wilson Anne R. , Brega Angela G.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Although health literacy (HL) skills may change over time, most research treats HL as a constant, using baseline HL to predict other health-related constructs. Few studies have explored change in HL over time.

Objective:

We examined person-level differences in HL trajectories. We identified subgroups (latent classes) based on longitudinal assessments of HL and examined the association of class membership with demographic and oral health variables.

Methods:

We used four measurement waves of parental HL data, reflecting the risk of limited HL, collected as part of an intervention to reduce dental decay in American Indian children (
N
= 579 parent-child dyads at baseline). Repeated measures latent class analysis (RMLCA) models were estimated to identify subgroups of HL trajectories over time. We examined class membership in association with baseline demographics and with 36-month assessments of parental oral health knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors as well as pediatric oral health.

Key Results:

A four-class model best fit the data. The largest class (
high HL
; 49.7% of the sample) was characterized by high levels of HL at all waves. A second class (improving HL; 17.7%) improved over all waves. The remaining two classes were characterized as moderate HL (20%) and low HL (12.6%) and maintained relatively stable HL levels over time. Higher educational attainment was associated with membership in the
high HL
and
improving HL
classes. Older age among this young-adult sample and higher income also were associated with
high HL
class membership. Parents in the high HL and
improving HL
classes exhibited more favorable performance on measures of oral health knowledge, beliefs, and behavioral adherence than did those in the other classes. Class membership was not associated with pediatric oral health.

Conclusions:

RMLCA demonstrated person-level variability in HL trajectories. Longitudinal patterns were associated with baseline demographics and prospectively with parental oral health knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors, but not with pediatric oral health. [

HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2023;7(2):e89–e98.

]
Revisiting the Energy-Growth nexus with debt channel. A wavelet time-frequency analysis for a panel of Eurozone-OECD countries
Authors: AWADA Mohamed , MESTRE Roman
Published: May 2023

In this paper, continuous wavelet decompositions regarding the notions of coherence and phase are used to analyze the time-frequency dynamics of the existing relationships between energy supply and economic growth for a group of European countries. The objective is to identify both the intensity and the direction of the relationship over time and across frequencies. We also study the existence of a debt channel implying an indirect relationship between energy and growth. Our results show the complexity of the energy supply-growth relationship composed by direct effect at the short run and indirect effects through debt channel at the mid and long run. The countries with the highest debt/GDP ratio are more subject to such direct and indirect effects than others where only short run direct effect is noted.
Linear barycentric rational interpolation method for solving Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation
Authors: Li Jin
Published: May 2023

The Kuramoto-Sivashinsky (KS) equation being solved by the linear barycentric rational interpolation method (LBRIM) is presented. Three kinds of linearization schemes, direct linearization, partial linearization and Newton linearization, are presented to get the linear equation of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation. Matrix equations of the discrete Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation are also given. The convergence rate of LBRIM for solving the KS equation is also proved. At last, two examples are given to prove the theoretical analysis.
Approaches to multi-attribute group decision-making based on picture fuzzy prioritized Aczel–Alsina aggregation information
Authors: Ijaz Saba , Ullah Kifayat , Akram Maria , Pamucar Dragan
Published: May 2023

The Aczel-Alsina t-norm and t-conorm were derived by Aczel and Alsina in 1982. They are modified forms of the algebraic t-norm and t-conorm. Furthermore, the theory of picture fuzzy values is a very valuable and appropriate technique for describing awkward and unreliable information in a real-life scenario. In this research, we analyze the theory of averaging and geometric aggregation operators (AOs) in the presence of the Aczel-Alsina operational laws and prioritization degree based on picture fuzzy (PF) information, such as the prioritized PF Aczel-Alsina average operator and prioritized PF Aczel-Alsina geometric operator. Moreover, we examine properties such as idempotency, monotonicity and boundedness for the derived operators and also evaluated some important results. Furthermore, we use the derived operators to create a system for controlling the multi-attribute decision-making problem using PF information. To show the approach's effectiveness and the developed operators' validity, a numerical example is given. Also, a comparative analysis is presented.
Uniform density estimates and $ \Gamma $-convergence for the Alt-Phillips functional of negative powers
Authors: De Silva Daniela , Savin Ovidiu
Published: May 2023

We obtain density estimates for the free boundaries of minimizers $ u \ge 0 $ of the Alt-Phillips functional involving negative power potentials

   \begin{document}$ \int_\Omega \left(|\nabla u|^2 + u^{-\gamma} \chi_{\{u>0\}}\right) \, dx, \quad \quad \gamma \in (0, 2). $\end{document}

These estimates remain uniform as the parameter $ \gamma \to 2 $. As a consequence we establish the uniform convergence of the corresponding free boundaries to a minimal surface as $ \gamma \to 2 $. The results are based on the $ \Gamma $-convergence of these energies (properly rescaled) to the Dirichlet-perimeter functional

   \begin{document}$ \int_{\Omega} |\nabla u|^2 dx + Per_{\Omega}(\{ u = 0\}), $\end{document}

considered by Athanasopoulous, Caffarelli, Kenig, and Salsa.
Self-Efficacy and Digital Anxiety and their Influence on Virtual Educational Performance
Authors: Iraola-Real Ivan , Vasquez Carla , Diaz-Leon Ivan , Iraola-Arroyo Alonso
Published: May 2023

Digital self-efficacy is the degree of confidence to efficiently use technological tools. This type of self-efficacy reduces digital anxiety and increases students' performance in virtual environments. This justifies the objective of the present research, which is to analyze the levels of self-efficacy and digital anxiety, as well as their influence on virtual educational performance in students of a private university in Lima, Peru. Using a non-probabilistic convenience sampling procedure, 116 students participated, 105 females (90.5%) and 11 males (9.5%) between 17 and 50 years of age (MeanAge = 26.78, SD = 7.02). The results showed that students perceived to agree in having optimal levels of digital self-efficacy and efficient virtual educational performance. However, they indicated neither agreement nor disagreement in feeling digitally anxious. In addition, it was observed that digital self-efficacy is related to virtual educational performance; and digital anxiety was higher in the older study cycles. The results dispute the concept of "digital native" because age was not related to high levels of self-efficacy, digital performance, or low levels of digital anxiety.
The School of the Future
Authors: Drigas Athanasios , Papanastasiou George , Skianis Charalabos
Published: May 2023

Technology is developing at a rapid pace, affecting the socioeconomic situation of the planet through innovation and the evolution of applications for easier and faster access to goods and services. The development of new technologies has also affected education. In this paper, the school of the future is presented with regard to emerging or exponential disruptive technologies and the impact of emotional intelligence on those involved in education. The politics of globalization, global perspectives, perceptions, and contemporary social values lead to the education of individuals with accessibility for everyone, from everyone, and from everywhere and at any time in an inclusive world. The school is changing. Research showed that the school of the future reshapes its learning environment to meet the increasing demands of the 21st century which are positively correlated with dynamic, flexible, interactive, creative, and self-directed learning technologies.
Context and Learning Style Aware Recommender System for Improving the E-Learning Environment
Authors: Benabbes Khalid , Housni Khalid , Zellou Ahmed , Brahim Hmedna , El  Mezouary Ali
Published: May 2023

The learning management system (LMS) is an e-learning software that raised the interest of disparate learners’ groups. However, learners have difficulties in finding learning resources tailored to their preferences in the best way at the right time. Making the learning process more efficient and pleasant for learners can be achieved by using context and learning styles such as customizing aspects. This study proposes a new data-driven approach to retrieve learners' characteristics using traces of their activities based on the Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model (FSLSM). In this research, the traces of 714 learners who enrolled in three agronomy courses taught at IAV HASSAN II (winter session 2019, 2020, and 2021) were analyzed. Learners are categorized into clusters by their preference level for global/sequential learning styles, using an unsupervised clustering method. Then a classifier model tailored to our requirements was trained and based on the learner's learning style and their current context, a learning object recommendation list is proposed for them. The results revealed that the k-means algorithm performed well in identifying learning styles (LS) and the use of context features defined from the learners' adaptive close environments improved learning performance with an accuracy of over 96% given that most of the learners preferred a global learning style.
Success Factors to Promote Digital Learning Platforms: An Empirical Study From an Instructor’s Perspective
Authors: Songkram Noawanit , Chootongchai Suparoek , Thanapornsangsuth Sawaros , Osuwan Hathaiphat , Piromsopa Krerk , Chuppunnarat Yootthana , Songkram Nutthakorn
Published: May 2023

Digital learning platforms have been used as teaching aids in many countries; however, their success factors are not well established in Thailand. The primary objective of this study was to identify and confirm the success factors to promote digital learning platforms in Thailand from instructors’ perspectives. The sample included 788 Thai instructors. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) method indicates a good fit of a four-factor model to the observed data. The CFA construct revealed four success factors in promoting digital learning platforms: education policy, online classroom management, online learning system, and training method. The results explain the influence each of the four factors. Finally, this paper proposes guidelines for the promotion of digital learning platforms.
What Does Digital Learning Teach?
Authors: Shulga Marina
Published: May 2023

Digital learning does not determine its strategic benchmarks independently since it always represents only a training system component. Consequently, its goals and objectives cannot be understood without a preliminary understanding of the purposes and objectives put forward by the training system a part of which it forms. The issue of identifying this purpose as a person being a cognitive activity subject or a person being a bearer of a certain number of skills requires clarification. The digital learning concept will always contain a positive ("correct") or negative ("incorrect") answer to this question in the "default" status, as prescribed by the training system. And it will serve as an auxiliary tool only in promoting (and approving) different concepts of human capacity as a "correct" one.
Online Language Learning Strategies in Institutes of Higher Learning (IPT) Malaysia Post Covid-19
Authors: Fitri Nurul'ain Nordin  , Nor Zahidah Binti Ahmad  , Lily Hanefarezan Binti Asbulah  , Nursafira Binti Ahmad Safian
Published: May 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic that spreaded around the world in March 2020 has changed the nation’s education landscape. Standard Operating Procedures that demand presence at respective residences have made online learning one of the best platforms that replace face-to-face learning in educational institutions across the country. Thus, this study aims to propose an effective online language learning strategy to be a reference for educators and students to master language skills using post-Covid19 educational technology. This research employs quantitative methods cross sectional studies supported by qualitative data. The research instruments is questionnaires. A total of 280 respondents consisting of university students in the Arabic field at Malaysian universities answered the questionnaire. The results showed that the respondents know how to learn through online learning with a mean rate of 4.24 and the respondents agreed that the instructions given during online learning should be clear with a highest mean rate of 4.46. Among the online learning strategies used by students are always sharing opinions during online learning, responding using chat rooms to engage in discussions and making notes to improve understanding. Respondents are also satisfied with online learning platforms such as google meet, Webex and zoom.
Lake-wide assessment of trace elements in surface sediments and water of Lake Sevan
Authors: Gevorgyan Gor , Von Tuempling Wolf , Shahnazaryan Gayane , Friese Kurt , Schultze Martin
Published: May 2023

Lake Sevan (Armenia) is one of the large freshwater high-mountain lakes of Eurasia. Detailed information about the extent and fate of trace elements on lake sediment and water quality has not been published yet. For this reason, surface sediment and water samples were collected from the southern and northern basins of Lake Sevan to determine trace element concentrations and assess the trace element behaviour. Geo-accumulation index, potential ecological risk index, and hazard index were calculated to estimate the environmental risk potential. In comparison to reference values, the investigated sediment samples contained elevated concentrations frequently for V, Cr, Co, Ni, Mo, Cd, Be, Ti, Rb, Sr, Se, Hf, and Th and occasionally for Cu, As, Li, B, Ag, Sb, Tl, Bi, U, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm. An overall potential ecological risk posed by all the investigated trace elements in the sediments was assessed to be moderate-considerable, however, Mo, Hg, and Cd were the elements with the highest ecological risk potential. The two basins of the lake showed significantly different behaviour according to the investigated trace element contents in the sediments to be higher in the bigger basin compared to the smaller basin. In comparison to reference concentrations in water samples according to the use of the adapted geo-accumulation index, elevated values for Ti, Cr, Cu, Cd, and Pb were observed. Elevated concentration was also observed in the case of B in nearly all water samples in comparison with literature values. Nevertheless, several water samples can be seen as not strongly anthropogenic influenced by Co, Ni, Sn, Sb, Ag, Hg, and Bi. The concentrations of trace elements in the lake water caused health risks to humans particularly children in the case of lake water used for drinking purposes, moreover, As was the main element posing health hazards. The results point out further attention to the sources of elevated trace elements in Lake Sevan, including anthropogenic influences and geological characteristics.
Management of Stage IV Neovascular Glaucoma in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy with Single Step Pars Plana Vitrectomy + Endolaser + Trabeculectomy + Mitomycin C Versus 2-Step Approach, i.e., Pan Retinal Photocoagulation Followed by Trabeculectomy + Mitomycin C
Authors: Narnaware Shilpi , Bawankule Prashant , Raje Dhananjay , Bansal Anju , Gupta Richa
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

To compare the success between single-step pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) + Endolaser (EL) + Trabeculectomy + mitomycin C (MMC) and 2-step approach, i.e., pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) followed by Trabeculectomy + MMC in cases of stage IV neovascular glaucoma (NVG) secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods:

Prospective, interventional study including 16 eyes of 16 patients with stage 4 NVG in cases of PDR between July 2019 and December 2020. Depending on the type of surgery, patients were divided into two groups. Group I: PRP followed by Trabeculectomy + MMC (n = 8), Group II: Combined PPV + EL + Trabeculectomy + MMC (n = 8). All patients received intravitreal bevacizumab 3 days before the surgery in both groups. Success criteria were postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) of <20 mm Hg with or without antiglaucoma medication.

Results:

Postoperative IOP decreased significantly in both groups, but the mean IOP after 6 months was lower in combined group (17 mm Hg) than trabeculectomy group (22.25 mm Hg; P = 0.204). Combined group required fewer anti-glaucoma medications (mean: 0.88) than trabeculectomy group (mean: 1.38). Cumulative surgical success rates for combined group and Trabeculectomy groups were 100% and 75% respectively. No significant differences in intraoperative complications were observed between the groups.

Conclusion:

In stage 4, NVG secondary to PDR, single step combined approach including PPV + EL + Trabeculectomy + MMC could be more effective in controlling IOP with better visual outcome than Trabeculectomy + MMC.
Costing analysis of an information & communications technology-enabled primary healthcare facility in India
Authors: Faujdar Dharamjeet Singh , Prinja Shankar , Singh Tarundeep , Sahay Sundeep , Kumar Rajesh
Published: May 2023

Background & objectives:

Information and communications technology (ICT) has often been endorsed as an effective tool to improve primary healthcare. However, evidence on the cost of ICT-enabled primary health centre (PHC) is lacking. The present study aimed at estimating the costs for customization and implementation of an integrated health information system for primary healthcare at a public sector urban primary healthcare facility in Chandigarh.

Methods:

We undertook economic costing of an ICT-enabled PHC based on health system perspective and bottom-up costing. All the resources used for the provision of ICT-enabled PHC, capital and recurrent, were identified, measured and valued. The capital items were annualized over their estimated life using a discount rate of 3 per cent. A sensitivity analysis was undertaken to assess the effect of parameter uncertainties. Finally, we assessed the cost of scaling up ICT-enabled PHC at the state level.

Results:

The estimated overall annual cost of delivering health services through PHC in the public sector was

JOURNAL/ijmer/04.03/02223309-202304000-00002/231FF04/v/2023-06-12T144437Z/r/image-tiff

7.88 million. The additional economic cost of ICT was

JOURNAL/ijmer/04.03/02223309-202304000-00002/231FF04/v/2023-06-12T144437Z/r/image-tiff

1.39 million i.e. 17.7 per cent over and above a non-ICT PHC cost. In a PHC with ICT, the cost per capita increased by

JOURNAL/ijmer/04.03/02223309-202304000-00002/231FF04/v/2023-06-12T144437Z/r/image-tiff

56. On scaling up to the state level (with 400 PHCs), the economic cost of ICT was estimated to be

JOURNAL/ijmer/04.03/02223309-202304000-00002/231FF04/v/2023-06-12T144437Z/r/image-tiff

0.47 million per year per PHC, which equates to approximately six per cent expenditure over and above the economic cost of a regular PHC.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Implementing a model of information technology-PHC in a state of India would require an augmentation of cost by about six per cent, which seems fiscally sustainable. However, contextual factors related to the availability of infrastructure, human resources and medical supplies for delivering quality PHC services will also need to be considered.
Etiological Profile and Clinico Epidemiological Patterns of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Kumar Vijayan Senthil , Sivasubramanian Srinivasan , Padmanabhan Padmapriya , Anupama Cherayi Padinjakare , Ramesh Kiruba , Gunasekaran Palani , Krishnasamy Kaveri , Kitambi Satish Srinivas
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Establishing the etiological cause of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is challenging due to the distinct distribution of various etiological agents. This study aims to determine the etiological profiles of both viruses and bacteria and their associated clinico-epidemiological features among the AES suspected cases in Tamil Nadu, India.

Methods:

Samples of 5136 suspected AES cases from January 2016 to December 2020 (5 years) were subjected to the detection of etiological agents for AES through serological and molecular diagnosis methods. Further, the clinical profile, age- and gender-wise susceptibility of cases, co-infection with other AES etiological agents, and seasonality pattern with respect to various etiological agents were examined.

Results:

AES positivity was established in 1480 cases (28.82%) among the 5136 suspected cases and the positivity for male and female groups were 57.77% and 42.23%, respectively. The pediatric group was found to be more susceptible than others. Among the etiological agents tested, the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was the predominant followed by Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex virus, Epstein–Barr virus, Varicella Zoster virus, and others. Co-infection with other AES etiological agents was observed in 3.5% of AES-positive cases. Seasonality was observed only for vector-borne diseases such as JEV, dengue virus, and West Nile virus infections in this study.

Conclusion:

AES was found to be a significant burden for Tamil Nadu with a diverse etiological spectrum including both sporadic and outbreak forms. Overlapping clinical manifestations of AES agents necessitate the development of region-specific diagnostic algorithm with distinct etiological profiles for early detection and effective case management.
A Case of Combined Infection with Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Lyme Borreliosis with Severe Meningoencephalitis and Complete Recovery
Authors: Ostapchuk Yekaterina O. , Dmitrovskiy Andrey M. , Pak Elena A. , Perfilyeva Yuliya V.
Published: May 2023

Here, we present a case of severe meningoencephalitis caused by combined infection with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and Lyme borreliosis (LB) in a 25-year-old woman in a rural area of Zhambyl region, Kazakhstan. She presented with fever, nausea, vomiting, weakness, sweating, severe headache, arthralgia, and malaise. The course of illness was further complicated by encephalitis with symmetric lesions of the midbrain cerebral peduncles and serous meningitis. TBE and LB co-infection were established by a two-fold increase in serum IgG titers between day 21 and day 25 of illness. Both infections responded well to combined therapy with human TBE immunoglobulins, antibiotics, antiviral drugs, glucocorticoids, and diuretics. The outcome of the disease was favorable and the patient recovered completely.
Assessment of the effects of hydrogen water on human gingival fibroblast cell culture in patients with chronic periodontitis
Authors: Bhatt Akanksha , Nayak Aarati , Bhat Kishore , Bogar Chetana , Nayak Ranganath , Naik Sachita
Published: May 2023

Background:

Activated inflammatory cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate pathogens. Under normal conditions, the pathogens are taken care of, and tissues are repaired. However, in periodontal disease, persistent inflammation causes increased ROS release and impaired healing. Therefore, removal of overproduced ROS using antioxidants is necessary. Hydrogen water has an antioxidative effect on cells and impedes oxidative stress-related disorders.

Aim:

To study the effect of hydrogen water on cell viability, migration, and its antioxidative potential in fibroblasts obtained from chronic periodontitis patients.

Materials and Methods:

The gingival tissue samples were obtained from 26 subjects (13 periodontally healthy individuals and 13 chronic periodontitis patients) and processed. The human gingival fibroblasts were cultured and the assays were commenced once adequate growth was detected. The effect of hydrogen water on cell viability was checked by neutral red assay, while the migration potential was assessed by transwell migration assay. The antioxidative potential of hydrogen water was evaluated by CUPRAC assay.

Statistical Analysis:

Intergroup comparison was done using Mann–Whitney U-test. Intragroup comparison was done using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results:

Hydrogen water was nontoxic to the fibroblasts at 24 h and 48 h. The intergroup comparison of the cell viability between hydrogen water-treated periodontally healthy gingival fibroblasts (HF) and fibroblasts from patients with chronic periodontitis (CF) showed a statistically significant (P = 0.00) difference at 24 h and 48 h. Hydrogen water also positively influenced the migratory capacity. Hydrogen water-treated fibroblasts obtained from chronic periodontitis patients showed more migration in comparison to the healthy group (P = 0.00). Hydrogen water showed an antioxidative potential. The maximum potential was seen in relation to the fibroblasts obtained from chronic periodontitis patients at 48 h.

Conclusion:

Hydrogen water was nontoxic, increased the migratory capacity, and showed an antioxidative potential on human fibroblasts obtained from periodontally healthy individuals and patients with chronic periodontitis.
Assessment of tongue posture in class I malocclusion with vertical malrelations
Authors: Al-Shennawy Ahmed M. , Yousif Atia A. E. W. , Abo Taha Neven F.
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Tongue is a soft muscular tissue which is mainly made of mucosa, muscles, vascular and nerve supply. The mucosa of body is formed from the first pharyngeal arch and third pharyngeal arches; while the skeletal muscles develop from myoblast that migrate from occipital somite's.

Aim

Owing to its effect on the building structures all around and vital functions, this study was carried out to assess the tongue posture in vertical malrelations; in class I malocclusion.

Materials and methods

A cephalometric study was carried out on 153 adult patients (76 female, 75 male) from 17 to 22 years old) with skeletal class I. The sample was selected according to the mandibular plane angle (SN/GO-GN) and categorized according to vertical facial pattern into; high angle (SN/MP >37), low angle (SN/MP <27) and average angle (SN/MP 32 ± 5°); including 26 females and 25 males in each group. The tongue position was calculated along horizontal line passing through the incisal edge of the lower central incisor to the cervical distal third of the lower second molar and extending posteriorly. Taking the cervical area as a center, six angles will be drawn at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 12°, and 150°. The contours of the dorsum of the tongue and the palate and six distances will be measured at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150° between tongue and palate contour.

Results

Tongue positions were found to be higher in position in skeletal class I malocclusion in low and high mandibular plane (posterior part of the tongue); on the other, lower tongue position (anterior part) was found in increased mandibular plane angle without sex differences

Conclusion

Tongue position is affected by the position of the mandible in vertical plane; regarding the anterior or posterior part without sex differences.
Comparison of the safety and efficacy of propofol and dexmedetomidine as sedatives when used as a modified topical formulation
Authors: Wen Shixiong , Li Zhengyang , Xiao Xiuying , Zhan Weiwei , Zheng Yuanyuan
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of propofol and dexmedetomidine as sedatives in patients with anticipated difficult airways, used as a modified topical preparation.Methods: A total of 432 patients were enrolled in this study. They were classified as ASA I and ASA II. The patients were equally divided into group A (propofol group) and group B (dexmedetomidine group). A modified Awake Fiberoptic Intubation (AFOI) was carried out for these patients, followed by airway assessment and evaluation of clinical outcome based on intubation scores, adverse events, and postoperative data.Results: Patients in both groups had successful intubation at the first attempt. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The SARI scores which characterized the overall score for tracheal intubation were 4.6 and 4.2 for groups A and B, respectively. With respect to rescue infusion and consciousness, 11 patients (5.09 %) in group A required rescue, as against 5 patients (2.31 %) in group B. Seven (7) patients (3.24 %) in group A (propofol group) had severe airway obstruction, while only 4 patients (1.85) in group B had the same adverse reaction. Patients in group B had more satisfactory and favourable outcomes than those in group A who were treated with modified AFOI.Conclusion: The use of dexmedetomidine based on modified topical anaesthesia is safe and comfortable in terms of patient convenience and difficult airway management. Thus, dexmedetomidine is a safe, feasible and effective method for managing difficult airway when applied using the modified AFOI.