bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polypharmacy, drug-drug interactions, anticholinergic burden and cognitive outcomes: a snapshot from a community-dwelling sample of older men and women in northern Italy
Authors: Perdixi Elena , Ramusino Matteo Cotta , Costa Alfredo , Bernini Sara , Conti Silvia , Jesuthasan Nithiya , Severgnini Marco , Prinelli Federica
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Polypharmacy (PP) use is very common in older people and may lead to anticholinergic burdens that affect cognitive impairment. We aimed to determine the occurrence of PP, drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and anticholinergic burden (ACB) and their role in cognitive outcomes in Italian older population.
Methods
Cross-sectional data from 636 community-dwelling adults (73.2±6.0 SD, 58.6% women) participating in the NutBrain study (2019-2023) were analyzed. Participants were asked about their medication use, and data on DDIs and ACB were extracted. The association of PP (≥ 5 drugs/day), DDIs, and ACB with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and specific cognitive domains was assessed using logistic regression adjusted for confounders. Sex-stratified analysis was performed.
Results
Overall, 27.2% of the participants were exposed to PP, 42.3% to DDIs and 19% to cumulative ACB. Women were less exposed to PP and more exposed to ACB than men. In multivariate analysis, the odds of having MCI (24%) were three times higher in those with severe ACB ( ≥ 3) (OR 3.34, 95%CI 1.35-8.25). ACB was positively associated with poor executive function (OR 4.45, 95%CI 1.72-11.49) and specifically with FAB and phonological and semantic fluency. In a stratified analysis by sex, ACB was statistically significantly associated with MCI and executive function in women and with memory in men.
Conclusions
PP, DDIs and anticholinergic (AC) use are very common in community-dwelling older people. AC exposure is associated with MCI, especially poor executive function. Further sex-stratified longitudinal neuroimaging studies are warranted. Clinicians are encouraged to be vigilant when prescribing anticholinergics.
Trial registration: Trial registration number NCT04461951, date of registration July 7, 2020 (retrospectively registered, ClinicalTrials.gov).
An Analysis of the Community Impact of Charity Medical Clinics in North Texas
Authors: Mills Logan G , Newsom Barbara , Lewis Abigail , Pottorff Alexandra , Wu Ashley Wallace , Onuigbo Chiamaka C , Smith Cory , Castro Erika , Morgan Kelsi , Wu Lawrence , Phan Hiep S , Tran Bau P , Lake Katherine , Guirguis Mina , Wagner James M , Kindratt Tiffany Billmeier , Gimpel Nora
Published: December 2023

The cost of medical services continues to be a major barrier to healthcare accessibility for many individuals in America. Community charity medical clinics help address this disparity by providing free or reduced-cost care for the medically underinsured; however, their economic and public health contributions have yet to be well analyzed. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the services provided in four primary-care charity clinics in North Texas. Only encounters completed within the study period by a physician or physician assistant with sufficient documentation to assign a level of service were reviewed for this study. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Evaluation and Management Standards were used to identify the level of service provided for each encounter, and their subsequent value was determined based on Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services fee-for-service schedules at the time service was provided. Common conditions managed during these encounters were identified using ICD-10 codes documented with each encounter. 3942 encounters were identified, and 2148 (54.5%) were audited. The most prevalent diagnoses encountered were hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and major depressive disorder. We estimate the total value of services and medications provided for one year is between $840,278.30 to $845,737.41. Findings indicated that community, charity clinics provide a significant economic impact through a high level of care and a broad scope of services for a vulnerable patient population. The results of this study may be used in the development and implementation of future services to meet the needs of the medically underinsured.
The gut microbiota and its metabolite butyrate shape metabolism and antiviral immunity along the gut-lung axis in the chicken
Authors: Guabiraba Rodrigo , Saint-Martin Vincent , Guillory Vanaique , Chollot Melanie , Fleurot Isabelle , Kut Emmanuel , Roesch Ferdinand , Caballero Ignacio , Helloin Emmanuelle , Chambellon Emilie , Ferguson Brian , Velge Philippe , Kempf Florent , Trapp Sascha
Published: December 2023

The gut microbiota exerts profound influence on poultry immunity and metabolism through mechanisms that yet need to be elucidated. Here we used conventional and germ-free chickens to explore the influence of the gut microbiota on transcriptomic and metabolic signatures along the gut-lung axis in poultry. Our results demonstrated a differential regulation of certain metabolites and genes associated with innate immunity and metabolism in peripheral tissues of germ-free birds. Furthermore, we evidenced the gut microbiota's capacity to regulate mucosal immunity in the chicken lung during avian influenza virus infection. Finally, by fine-analysing the antiviral pathways triggered by the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate in chicken respiratory epithelial cells, we found that it regulates interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), notably OASL, via the transcription factor Sp1. These findings emphasize the pivotal role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in shaping homeostasis and immunity in poultry, offering crucial insights into the mechanisms governing the gut-lung axis dialogue in birds.
Court of High Commission, Oath Ex Offcio and the Privilege Against Self-Incrimination in English Debates at the Turn of the XVI – XVII Centuries
Authors: Кондратьев С.В.
Published: December 2023

Статья повествует о политической дискуссии о полномочиях Суда Высокой комиссии, используемых ею инквизиционных процедурах, присяге ex officio между юристом общего права Джеймсом Морисом и юристом цивильного права Ричардом Косином в Англии в начале 1590-х гг., в ходе которых затрагивались сферы общего и цивильного права, пределы королевской прерогативы, Великая хартия вольностей, права подданных, включая право не обвинять самого себя.

The article describes a political debate between common lawyer James Morice and civil Lawyer Richard Cosin on the powers of the Court of High Commission, its inquisitorial procedures, and the oath ex officio in England in the early 1590s, during which the areas of common and civil law, the limits of the royal prerogative, the Magna Carta, the liberties of subjects, including the privilege against self-incrimination were touched upon.
Impacto ambiental de escolhas alimentares e alternativas para população de baixa renda
Authors: Oliveira Déborah Carvalho de , Coutinho Rebecca Carvalho de Oliveira , Souza Norma Maria de , Rochinha Isabela da Silva Pedro , Cecchin Daiane , Carmo Dirlane de Fátima do
Published: December 2023

A alimentação tem um papel de suma importância no processo de desenvolvimento dos seres vivos. Porém, observa-se que, para os seres humanos, o ato de se alimentar envolve, além dos aspectos nutricionais, a cultura, características socioeconômicas e o meio ambiente. Objetivou-se, então, avaliar os impactos ambientais gerados pelas escolhas alimentares em uma comunidade e analisar, no âmbito socioeconômico, a acessibilidade de indivíduos de baixa renda aos alimentos que melhor se enquadram na definição de dietas adequadas e sustentáveis. Tendo como base hábitos alimentares de um grupo de moradores da Comunidade de Manguinhos (RJ), foram analisadas as pegadas de carbono e hídrica, a partir de dois cardápios simulados. Considerando a caracterização socioeconômica da população, também foram analisados os fatores relacionados à acessibilidade à alimentação sustentável por famílias de baixa renda. Há um elevado consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e de origem animal entre os indivíduos da Comunidade de Manguinhos. No cardápio simulado com padrão ocidental as refeições com carnes vermelhas e os alimentos ultraprocessados corresponderam a emissões de carbono de 46% e 39%, respectivamente, e pegadas hídricas de 39% e 34%, respectivamente. Há a necessidade de mudanças nos sistemas alimentares e em como ocorre a distribuição. Programas de educação nutricional e ambiental são necessários para famílias com menores rendas, visando a auxiliá las a terem acesso a alimentos seguros e a fazerem escolhas conscientes quanto à alimentação.
A Engenharia didática na formação inicial de professores de matemática: o estudo da generalização e complexificação da Sequência de Padovan
Authors: Passos Machado Vieira Renara , Regis Vieira Alves Francisco , Machado Cruz Catarino Paulo Maria
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho retrata uma investigação referente às situações de ensino, sobre o estudo do processo de generalização e complexificação da sequência de Padovan. Com isso, a pesquisa possui o viés de descrever os elementos de um estudo sistemático dos modelos de generalização e complexificação da sequência de Padovan, promovendo a compreensão histórico-evolutiva, identificação, descrição e exploração de suas propriedades matemáticas, fundamentado e organizado de acordo com o percurso metodológico da Engenharia Didática em conjunto com a Teoria das Situações Didáticas. Assim, são desenvolvidas situações didáticas, realizando uma transposição didática do objeto matemático, considerando os seus aspectos epistemológicos, cognitivos e didáticos. À vista disso, uma análise primordial do campo epistêmico-matemático é realizada abordando o processo de generalização dos coeficientes, ordem e termos iniciais da sequência, bem como a sua extensão para os números inteiros. A complexificação foi realizada inserindo componentes imaginárias e, consequentemente, o aumento dimensional da recorrência, sendo exploradas as relações recorrentes uni, bi, tri e n-dimensionais e quatérniosde Padovan. Foram desenvolvidas situações de ensino com enfoque na Teoria das Situações Didáticas e aplicadas com discentes matriculados na disciplina de História da Matemática do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Ceará. Essas situações instigam o pensamento intuitivo dos discentes, visando a compreensão de determinadas propriedades e teoremas no processo de generalização e complexificação. Desse modo, foi possível promover o desenvolvimento de uma concepção epistemológica para o ensino de História da Matemática, oportunizando aos docentes de Matemática em cursos de formação inicial de professores, relações epistemológicas matemáticas de Padovan, evidenciando o processo evolutivo diante da perspectiva histórica e matemática.
An association sequence suitable for producing ground-state RbCs molecules in optical lattices
Authors: Das Arpita , Gregory Philip D. , Takekoshi Tetsu , Fernley Luke , Landini Manuele , Hutson Jeremy M. , Cornish Simon L. , Nägerl Hanns-Christoph
Published: December 2023

We identify a route for the production of ^{87}87Rb^{133}133Cs molecules in the X^1\Sigma^+X1Σ+ rovibronic ground state that is compatible with efficient mixing of the atoms in optical lattices. We first construct a model for the excited-state structure using constants found by fitting to spectroscopy of the relevant a\,^3 \Sigma^+ → b\, ^3\Pi_1a3Σ+→b3Π1 transitions at 181.5 G and 217.1 G. We then compare the predicted transition dipole moments from this model to those found for the transitions that have been successfully used for STIRAP at 181.5 G. We form molecules by magnetoassociation on a broad interspecies Feshbach resonance at 352.7 G and explore the pattern of Feshbach states near 305 G. This allows us to navigate to a suitable initial state for STIRAP by jumping across an avoided crossing with radiofrequency radiation. We identify suitable transitions for STIRAP at 305 G. We characterize these transitions experimentally and demonstrate STIRAP to a single hyperfine level of the ground state with a one-way efficiency of 85(4)%.
State of nervous system functions of Wistar rats when using peptide taftsin-PGP (selank) in restraint stress
Authors: Bobyntsev Igor I. , Krivoshlykova Marina S. , Medvedeva Olga A. , Vorvul Anton O. , Andreeva Liudmila A. , Myasoedov Nikolai F.
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study was to investigate the state of functions of the nervous system of Wistar rats upon application of the peptide taftsin-PGP under conditions of chronic stress. Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on 45 male Wistar rats weighing 200-230 g. Selank peptide (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro) was injected intraperitoneally at doses of 80, 250 and 750 μg/kg 15 min before stressor exposure. Animals were divided into 5 groups (n = 9): 1 - control (non-stressed animals injected with saline); 2 - stress (stressed animals injected with saline); 3-5 - stress+taftsin-PGP at doses of 80, 250 and 750 µg/kg. Animals were stressed for 28 days; from days 15 to 28, they were injected with selank/saline. The neurotropic effects of selank were evaluated in the elevated plus-maze, open field (OF) and forced swimming tests. To assess the severity of stress response, the concentration of corticosterone in rat serum was evaluated using enzyme immunoassay. Results. It was found that 28-day immobilisation stress caused disturbances of nervous system functions in the form of increased anxiety, horizontal, vertical, locomotor activity, emotionality and expression of depressive behaviour, as well as increased concentration of corticosterone in blood serum of experimental animals. Taftsin-PGP administration against the background of preliminary stressing (from the 15th to the 28th day of the experiment) contributed to a decrease in the severity of stress-induced behavioural changes in rats: at a dose of 750 µg/kg the peptide had anxiolytic effect, 250 µg/kg - antidepressant effect. At the same time, these changes occurred against the background of a significant decrease in serum corticosterone level. Conclusion. Thus, selank corrects stress-induced changes in the state of nervous system functions under 28-day restraint stress.
Exchange Rate and Stock Market in Mexico: A Correlation Analysis (1993-2022)
Authors: Reyes Guzmán Gerardo , Pimentel Canizales María Esther , Rostro Hernández Perla Esperanza
Published: December 2023

The aim of this paper is to estimate using monthly data the influence of the Mexican Stock Market in the nominal Exchange Rate from 1993 to 2022. We conducted an Exploratory Data Analysis to identify the most important correlations of the following monetary variables: 28-day Mexican Debt bills/ (T-Bill), interest rates, inflation, and Stock Exchange Market both from Mexico and from the USA respectively. We then resorted to a VAR model to indentify which of these variables determined changes in Mexico´s nominal Exchange Rate more significantly. During the period in question the model showed, that Exchange Rate variations were driven by the Mexican Stock Exchange Market, the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the US Treasury Bills. The model also pointed out that variations in Mexican Stock Market were determined by the Mexican Stock Market itself, the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the US Treasury Bills (T-Bills).
Seasonal distribution, source apportionment and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in groundwaters in Owo, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ore Odunayo T. , Bayode Ajibola A. , Badamasi Hamza , Olusola Johnson Adedeji , Durodola Solomon S. , Akeremale Olaniran K. , Adesina Morenike O.
Published: December 2023

The study focused on evaluating the seasonal distribution, source apportionment, and probabilistic risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in groundwater. Groundwater samples were obtained from Owo, southwestern Nigeria and subjected to liquid–liquid extraction and quantified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Total PAH concentrations varied from about 180 to 23,600 ng/L during the dry season. The wet season, on the other hand, exhibited a wider range, from about 1,550 to 150,000 ng/L. Seasonal variations were also found in PAH types and concentrations, with relatively higher concentrations recorded during the wet season. Diagnostic ratios and positive matrix factorization indicated that coal/biomass combustion and traffic-related vehicular emissions were the prevalent sources of PAHs in groundwater. Health risk assessment indicated potential carcinogenic risks (incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) > 1E − 04), while ecological assessment suggested medium (RQNC < 800 and RQMPC ≥ 1) and high ecological risks (RQNC ≥ 800 and RQMPC ≥ 1). The study reflected the need for effective mitigation strategies.
Toxic complications of high doses of treîsulfan in children: experience of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Authors: Aliev T. Z. , Machneva E. B. , Kostareva I. O. , Sergeenko K. A. , Burlaka N. A. , Kudaeva L. M. , Potemkina T. I. , Lozovan Yu. V. , Smirnova D. S. , Slinin A. S. , Kirgizov K. I. , Varfolomeeva S. R.
Published: December 2023

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a treatment method for a number of severe malignant and non-tumor diseases. Autologous (auto) and allogeneic (allo) HSCT improves outcomes in patients with solid and hematological malignancies. The toxicity of conditioning regimens before HSCT is often a limiting factor for successful transplant outcomes. The most common manifestations of visceral and tissue toxicity are epithelial (dermatological and mucosal) toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. Reducing the incidence of toxic complications of preparative regimens preceding HSCT is the optimization of accompanying therapy, and and individualized selection of doses of chemotherapy. In our study, among 119 HSCT cases performed in 2021–2022, treosulfan-containing preparative regimens were used. Dermatological toxicity was diagnosed in 80.0 %, mucositis – in 100 %, hepatotoxicity – in 18.5 % of observations, no neurological toxicity was recorded.
A Comprehensive Review on Targeted Cancer Therapy: New Face of
Treatment Approach
Authors: Karati Dipanjan , Kumar Dileep
Published: December 2023

Cancer is one of life's most difficult difficulties and a severe health risk everywhere. Except for haematological
malignancies, it is characterized by unchecked cell growth and a lack of cell death, which results
in an aberrant tissue mass or tumour. Vascularization promotes tumor growth, which eventually aids metastasis
and migration to other parts of the body, ultimately resulting in death. The genetic material of the cells is
harmed or mutated by environmental or inherited influences, which results in cancer. Presently, anti-neoplastic
medications (chemotherapy, hormone, and biological therapies) are the treatment of choice for metastatic cancers,
whilst surgery and radiotherapy are the mainstays for local and non-metastatic tumors. Regrettably, chemotherapy
disturbs healthy cells with rapid proliferation, such as those in the gastrointestinal tract and hair follicles,
leading to the typical side effects of chemotherapy. Finding new, efficient, targeted therapies based on
modifications in the molecular biology of tumor cells is essential because current chemotherapeutic medications
are harmful and can cause the development of multidrug resistance. These new targeted therapies, which
are gaining popularity as demonstrated by the FDA-approved targeted cancer drugs in recent years, enter
molecules directly into tumor cells, diminishing the adverse reactions. A form of cancer treatment known as
targeted therapy goes after the proteins that regulate how cancer cells proliferate, divide, and disseminate.
Most patients with specific cancers, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia (commonly known as CML), will
have a target for a particular medicine, allowing them to be treated with that drug. Nonetheless, the tumor
must typically be examined to determine whether it includes drug targets.
Tumor Suppressive Role of MicroRNAs in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya , Mittal Rashmi , Arya Vedpriya
Published: December 2023

Triple-negative breast cancers are highly aggressive, a heterogeneous form of breast cancer with a
high re-occurrence rate that further lacks an efficient treatment strategy and prognostic marker. The tumor microenvironment
of the disease comprises cancer-associated fibroblasts, cancer stem cells, immunological
molecules, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and a metastatic microenvironment that contributes to disease
progression and metastasis to distant sites. Emerging evidence indicated that miRNA clusters would be of clinical
utility as they exert an oncogenic or tumor suppressor role in TNBC. The present review article aims to
highlight the therapeutic significance of miRNA in targeting the above-mentioned signaling cascades and modulating
the intracellular crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment of TNBC. Prognostic implications of miRNAs
to depict disease-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, relapse-free survival, and overall survival
outcome were also unveiled.
The Recent Report on Schiff Bases and their Complexes as DNA Binders
Authors: Mansi  , Bhutani Charu , Khanna Pankaj , Jain Manisha , Talwar Sangeeta , Yadav Shilpa , Khanna Leena
Published: December 2023

Schiff bases are dynamic organic compounds of bioactive importance, acting as
flexible ligands and can form complexes with metals. Schiff bases along with their metal
complexes have shown a large affinity towards DNA, which is one of the main targets of
chemotherapeutics. DNA can join hands with these motifs in multiple ways, like covalent
(crosslinking adducts) and non-covalent (intercalative or groove binding via electrostatic)
interactions. Besides, the binding ability and types vary with the metals involved in Schiff
base metal complexes. Thus, this review aims to describe significant recent reports of Schiff
bases and their metal complexes capable of binding with DNA to evaluate the superlative
DNA binders, type of association, and best metal-Schiff base combinations. Among the experimental
techniques employed in revealing these interactions, noteworthy UV absorption
and fluorescence spectroscopy studies have been discussed for the assessment of various types of bindings as
intercalation or groove type.
Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Potential of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles and its
Derivatives: A Review
Authors: Chaudhary Tarun , Upadhyay Prabhat Kumar , Kataria Ritu
Published: December 2023

1, 3, 4-oxadiazole and its derivatives have significant anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial
property. Their precise mechanism of action is not known but it is postulated that they act
by inhibiting the biosynthesis of certain prostaglandins. 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles are a class of heterocyclic
compounds with wide variety of biological and pharmacological activities. They have been
reported to possess analgesic, antimicrobial, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties. These
compounds are also active against a number of other inflammatory conditions such as arthritis,
gout etc. A wide variety of these compounds have been synthesized and some of them are under
clinical trials. In this review article, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of the 1, 3, 4-
oxadiazole shall be discussed.
Recent Advancements in the Synthesis of α-fluoroalkylated Azine-derived
Heterocycles through Direct Fluorination
Authors: Shavrina Oksana M. , Rassukana Yuliya V. , Onysko Petro P.
Published: December 2023

The review highlights recent advancements in the synthesis of α-fluoro and α,α-difluoroalkylated azines, focusing on two main approaches. The first approach involves nu-cleophilic deoxofluorination, wherein α-hydroxy- or α-oxoalkylated azines are treated with diethylaminosulfur trifluoride or other S-F reagents to introduce fluorine atoms. The second approach employs direct electrophilic benzylic fluorination, whereby alkylazines undergo fluorination using N-F reagents. Both methods provide flexibility in designing and synthesiz-ing fluoroalkylated heterocycles.
Right Ventricle and Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Valdés Corona Luis Francisco , Rodríguez Reyna Tatiana Sofía
Published: December 2023

Autoimmune diseases can express pathologies in specific organs (e.g. thyroid, pancreas,
skin) or generate systemic pathologies (generalized lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis,
systemic sclerosis), the latter usually present systemic inflammatory phenomena.

:

Some studies have reported alterations in right ventricular contractility in patients with rheumatoid
arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis,
which may contribute to the known outcome of increased cardiovascular risk. However, there is
not much information available on the causes that generate these alterations, the most likely being
small vessel damage and fibrosis due to subclinical inflammation.1-5 In this sense, the disease in
which the alterations of the right ventricle have been more studied is systemic sclerosis, specifically
at the changes induced due to pulmonary arterial hypertension, this being one of the main causes
of death in this group of patients after the significant decrease in mortality associated with the
sclerodermic renal crisis with the treatment of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

:

In this review, we will focus on explaining the structural and functional changes that occur in the
right ventricle of patients with systemic sclerosis, from early alterations to late complications. In
this context, it is necessary to distinguish between right heart alterations that occur in patients with
systemic sclerosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension and those that occur without pulmonary arterial
hypertension and that can be attributed to other causes such as microvascular damage or myocardial
fibrosis.
COVID-19 Vaccines and the Menstrual Cycle: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Al-Husban Naser , Al-Najjar Sondos , Alkubaisi Fatima Abdulsattar , M. Alzibdeh Abdulla , Yasin Kenan A.S , Alhusban Alhareth Eid
Published: December 2023

Objective:

This study aimed to explore the impact of various COVID-19 vaccines on
the menstrual cycle of Jordanian women.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a retrospective analysis of tracked menstrual changes using
an anonymous questionnaire written in the local language. We received 732 responses, and after
exclusions, 617 responses were analyzed. The questionnaire covered six sectors: demographics,
medical history, COVID-19 infection and vaccination status, obstetric and gynecological history,
menstrual cycle history, and specific questions about cycle length, flow, and any symptoms before
and after each vaccine shot. Participants included Jordanian females who had received any
type of COVID-19 vaccine.

Results:

Among the participants analyzed, two-thirds were between the ages of 20-35, and the majority
had a normal BMI (59.6%). Most participants were single, nulliparous, and had never used
contraception methods (79.3%, 82.0%, and 93.8%, respectively). Only a small percentage had
other risk factors influencing menstrual cycle changes, such as surgical procedures (10.5%) and
specific medications (8.10%). Baseline menstrual information was recorded. Forty percent of participants
experienced changes in menstrual duration, and approximately one-fifth reported heavier
and more severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms. Body mass index (BMI) was directly
correlated with bleeding intensity after vaccination. Parity was weakly directly proportional to
bleeding intensity after vaccination. However, BMI and parity did not significantly correlate with
menstrual duration, menstrual cycle length, PMS symptoms, or cramps after vaccination.

Conclusion:

In a population of young, non-sexually active women with a normal BMI, most participants
did not experience significant changes in their menstrual cycles after receiving the
COVID-19 vaccine. Only one-fifth of participants reported shorter duration, heavier bleeding,
more frequent, more painful, and more severe PMS symptoms post-vaccination.
Menstrual Cup Awareness and Future Usage Possibilities of Consumers:
A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jain Tanushree , Katyal Tanya , Bharatam Sri Shivani Thatavarti , Kaushik Manthan , Ali Mohammad Daud , Patel Munfis , Zakir Foziyah , Khan Mohammed Zaafar , Mirza Mohd. Aamir , Iqbal Zeenat
Published: December 2023

Background:

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that menstrual
health be recognized, defined, and addressed as a health and human rights issue rather than hygiene.
The UN has acknowledged menstrual health as a worldwide public health and human rights
concern. Poor menstrual health, inadequate sanitation facilities and inadequate education are defining
characteristics of period poverty.

Objective:

To assess and compare among different age groups of respondents regarding knowledge
and awareness regarding menstrual cup and their future possibilities for usage among women
of Delhi, India.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted between 1st April and 30th May
2022 among the females of Delhi NCR region, India.

Results:

A total of 339 females participated in our study, which included 250 (73.7%) above the
age of 20 years, whereas 89 (26.3%) were below that age. Most of the respondents were aware of
menstrual health products such as menstrual pads -241 (96.40) above 20 years, 83 (93.26) below
20 years with [CI-1.03 (0.73, 1.46) p-value = 0.85], cotton pads-158 (63.20%), 50 (56.18%),
[CI-1.12 (0.75, 1.67) p-value = 0.56], tampons-190 (76.00), 61 (68.54), CI- 1.10 (0.76, 1.61) pvalue
= 0.59, and menstrual disc-34 (13.60%), 18 (20.22%), CI-0.67 (0.36, 1.25) p-value = 0.21.
Among respondents above 20 years of age, 83.60% of respondents were aware of menstrual cups.
When asked about the biodegradability of the menstrual health product, 158 (63.2%) respondents
aged above 20 years and 54 (60.67%) respondents aged less than 20 years negated it [CI-1.04
(0.70, 1.54), p-value = 0.83].

Conclusion:

Our research can help organization policymakers understand that a menstrual cup is
an effective alternative to disposable sanitary products.
Biological Potential of a Bibenzyl Compound ‘Gigantol’ for the Treatment
of Human Disorders: Pharmacological Activities and Analytical Aspects of
an Active Phytochemical Isolated from Orchid
Authors: Patel Kanika , Singh Gireesh Kumar , Husain Gulam Mohammed , Prasad Satyendra K. , Patel Dinesh Kumar
Published: December 2023

Background:

Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. is an important medicinal plant of the genus
Dendrobium from the Orchidaceae family. Gigantol is one of the key bioactive phytochemicals found
in Dendrobium plants. Gigantol is reported to have diverse pharmacological activities

Aims:

This narrative review explores the analytical aspects along with pharmacological activities of
gigantol as reported in different scientific publications.

Methods:

To find appropriate information related to Dendrobium plants and gigantol, extensive data
extraction was done using ScienceDirect, Google, PubMed, and Scopus databases, and diverse facts
were collected, arranged and analyzed to know the therapeutic potential of gigantol. Analytical aspects
of gigantol were also discussed in the present work.

Results:

Gigantol has a wide distribution in the Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium chrysanthum,
Dendrobium crystallinum, Dendrobium aphyllum, and Dendrobium devonianum. Available data indicates
diverse pharmacological activities of gigantol. Preclinical studies have shown its effectiveness
in the treatment of cataractogenesis, liver injury, leishmaniasis, nephrotoxicity, spasm, and skin disorders.
Gigantol has been found to control hepatocellular cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, bladder
cancer, and cervical cancer. The neuroprotective, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,
vasorelaxant, immune modulatory effect, antimalarial, and anti-herpetic properties of gigantol have
also been observed. Applications of different analytical techniques for the isolation and characterization
of gigantol were also discussed in detail.

Conclusion:

Gigantol has significant and diverse pharmacological activities that must be explored in
clinical setup to develop therapeutic leads for different diseases and health conditions.
Anticancer Potential of a Synthetic Quinoline, 9IV-c, by Inducing Apoptosis in A549
Cell and In vivo BALB/c Mice Models
Authors: Mirzaei Salimeh , Eisvand Farhad , Nejabat Mojgan , Ghodsi Razieh , Hadizadeh Farzin
Published: December 2023

Background:

In a previous work from the author of this study, the compound of 9IV-c, ((E)-2-(3,4-
dimethoxystyryl)-6,7,8-trimethoxy-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)quinoline-4-amine) was synthesized, and the
effects of potent activity on the multiple human tumor cell lines were evaluated considering the spindle formation
together with the microtubule network.

Methods:

Accordingly, cytotoxic activity, apoptotic effects, and the therapeutic efficiency of compound 9IV-c on
A549 and C26 cell lines were investigated in this study.

Results:

The compound 9IV-c demonstrated high cytotoxicity against A549 and C26 cell lines with IC50 = 1.66
and 1.21 μM, respectively. The flow cytometric analysis of the A549 cancer cell line treated with compounds
9IV-c showed that these compounds induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. Western blotting
analysis displayed that compound 9IV-c also elevated the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and increased the activation of caspase-
9 and -3 but not caspase -8.

Conclusion:

These data presented that the intrinsic pathway was responsible for 9IV-c -induced cell apoptosis. In
vivo studies demonstrated that treatment with the compound of 9IV-c at 10 mg/kg dose led to a decrease in tumor
growth compared to the control group. It was found that there was not any apparent body weight loss in the period
of treatment. Also, in the vital organs of the BALB/c mice, observable pathologic changes were not detected.
Overview of the New Bioactive Heterocycles as Targeting Topoisomerase Inhibitors
Useful Against Colon Cancer
Authors: Santos Mirelly Barbosa , de Azevedo Teotônio Cavalcanti Misael , de Medeiros e Silva Yvnni Maria Sales , dos Santos Nascimento Igor José , de Moura Ricardo Olimpio
Published: December 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally, with high mortality. Metastatic
CRC is incurable in most cases, and multiple drug therapy can increase patients' life expectancy by 2 to 3 years.
Efforts are being made to understand the relationship between topoisomerase enzymes and colorectal cancer.
Some studies have shown that higher expression of these enzymes is correlated to a poor prognosis for this type
of cancer. One of the primary drugs used in the treatment of CRC is Irinotecan, which can be used in monotherapy
or, more commonly, in therapeutic schemes such as FOLFIRI (Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Irinotecan) and
CAPIRI (Capecitabine and Irinotecan). Like Camptothecin, Irinotecan and other compounds have a mechanism
of action based on the formation of a ternary complex with topoisomerase I and DNA providing damage to it,
therefore leading to cell death. Thus, this review focused on the principal works published in the last ten years
that demonstrate a correlation between the inhibition of different isoforms of topoisomerase and in vitro cytotoxic
activity against CRC by natural products, semisynthetic and synthetic compounds of pyridine, quinoline, acridine,
imidazoles, indoles, and metal complexes. The results revealed that natural compounds, semisynthetic and synthetic
derivatives showed potential in vitro cytotoxicity against several colon cancer cell lines, and this activity
was often accompanied by the ability to inhibit both isoforms of topoisomerase (I and II), highlighting that these
enzymes can be promising targets for the development of new chemotherapy against CRC. Pyridine analogs were
considered the most promising for this study, while the evaluation of the real potential of natural products was
limited by the lack of information in their work. Moreover, the complexes, although promising, presented as the
main limitation the lack of selectivity.
Bunium persicum Seeds Extract in Combination with Vincristine Mediates Apoptosis
in MCF-7 Cells through Regulation of Involved Genes and Proteins Expression
Authors: Samandari-Bahraseman Mohammad Rasoul , Ismaili Ahmad , Esmaeili-Mahani Saeed , Ebrahimie Esmaeil , Loit Evelin
Published: December 2023

Background::

Bunium persicum seeds, a member of the Apiaceae family, have historically been consumed
as part of the Iranian diet.

Objective::

While many of this herb's biological properties have been fully investigated, there is currently no
reliable information about its anticancer/cytotoxic properties.

Methods::

Herein, we first determined the major bioactive compounds of B. persicum seed extract (BPSE) via
GC-Mass analysis. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of the extract alone as well as in combination with vincristine
(VCR), a commonly used chemotherapy drug, using MTT assays on two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and
MDA-MB-231, as well as a normal breast cancer cell line, MCF-10A. Moreover, these compounds were evaluated
in vitro for their anticancer activity using ROS assays, Real-Time PCR, Western blots, flow cytometry, and
cell cycle assays.

Results::

As a result of our investigation, it was determined that the extract significantly reduced the viability of
cancerous cells while remaining harmless to normal cells. The combination of BPSE and VCR also resulted in
synergistic effects. BPSE and/or BPSE-VCR treatment increased the intracellular ROS of MCF-7 cells by over
twofold. Moreover, the IC30 of BPSE (100 μg/ml) significantly increased the BAX/BCL-2 and P53 gene expression
while reducing the expression of the MYC gene. Moreover, treated cells were arrested in the G2 phase of the
cell cycle. The BPSE-VCR combination synergistically reduced the NF-κB and increased the Caspase-7 proteins’
expression. The percent of apoptosis in the cells treated with the extract, VCR, and their combination was 27, 11,
and 50, respectively.

Conclusions::

The present study demonstrated the anticancer activity of the BPSE and its potential for application
in combination therapy with VCR.
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Compounds Extracted from Marine Sponge s:
A Systematic Review
Authors: Magri Angela Maria Paiva , Avanzi Ingrid Regina , Vila Guilherme Trindade , Granito Renata Neves , Estadella Débora , Jimenez Paula Christine , Ribeiro Alessandra Mussi , Rennó Ana Claudia Muniz
Published: December 2023

Background:

Previous studies have experimentally validated and reported that chem-ical constituents of marine sponges are a source of natural anti-inflammatory substances with the biotechnological potential to develop novel drugs.

Aims:

Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a systematic review to provide an overview of the anti-inflammatory substances isolated from marine sponges with therapeutic potential.

Methods:

This systematic review was performed on the Embase, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases. In total, 613 were found, but 340 duplicate studies were excluded, only 100 manuscripts were eligible, and 83 were included.

Results:

The results were based on in vivo and in vitro assays, and the anti-inflammatory effects of 251 bioactive compounds extracted from marine sponges were investigated. Their anti-inflam-matory activities include inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitrite or nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), phospho-lipase A2 (PLA2), nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), cy-clooxygenase-1 (COX-1), and superoxide radicals.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, data suggest (approximately 98% of articles) that substances obtained from marine sponges may be promising for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of different pathological conditions.
Knowledge Representation of Sensor Dataset with IoT Collaboration of Semantic Web and IoT: Storage of Temperature and Humidity Details
Authors: Mori Gajendrasinh N. , Swaminarayan Priya R. , Panchal Ronak
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Today, Internet of Things applications offer new opportunities in all domains
like home automation, transportation, medical diagnosis, agriculture, etc. According to
McKinsey Global Institute research, IoT will cover a market share of over $11.1 trillion by 2025.
Moreover, Semantic web technology approaches are used in IoT applications so that machines
can understand and interpret sensor-collected data.

Method:

Our proposed system uses a DHT11
sensor, NodeMCU for data collection, and ThingSpeak cloud for data analysis and visualization.
It utilizes the Protégé tool to develop semantic data modelling using Ontology/RDF graphs and
retrieval for future SPARQL queries.

Result:

This approach ensures the optimal presentation of
sensor data and the meaning of data and controls the information for the Home Automation System.
By semantic layer, we improved integration, interoperability, discovery, and data analysis.

Conclusion:

As far as applications are concerned, semantic technologies and IoT sensor data can
be transformed into a more valuable and practical format, enabling intelligent applications and
systems development across multiple fields, such as smart cities, industrial automation,
healthcare, and environmental monitoring.
Metal Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Characterization and Drug
Delivery Applications
Authors: Mhettar Prachi , Patil Rasika , Patil Dipti , Pantwalawalkar Jidnyasa , Jadhav Namdeo
Published: December 2023

Since the last few years, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been attracting attention
from scientific sororities. MOFs are novel porous materials with robust architectures that demonstrate
a multitude of applications in theranostics. Interestingly, it shows adaptable porosity, versatile
chemical configuration, tunable size and shape, tailorable surface functionalization, etc. MOFs have
a very porous network space that makes it possible to efficiently pack drug payloads and different
imaging markers. Nano-MOFs (NMOFs) are additionally biodegradable in nature due to the metalligand
linkages and their greater labile-ness. The present review article provides insights into the
fabrication of MOFs, especially different synthesis methodologies, along with merits and limitations.
A thorough description of several characterization techniques of MOFs and underlying principles
have also been depicted. Moreover, the role of MOFs as a promising nanocarrier for small molecules/
active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and biomolecule delivery has been deliberated along
with their theranostic potential. In a nutshell, this review offers the most recent advancements in
NMOFs for use in drug delivery applications. In line with this, MOF stands out as a versatile carriers
compared to other nanomaterials due to the multitude of uses it has in drug delivery and theragnostic,
emanating high hopes for its future clinical application.
Asymmetric Flared Vivaldi MIMO Antenna for 5G Millimeter Wave Communication
Authors: Paliwal Harsh Prabha , Agrawal Navneet , Chouhan Dungar Nath , Jhajharia Tejpal
Published: December 2023

Background::

As a panacea for most of today's wireless communication problems, recently,
the evolution and demand for mm-wave devices and antennas are increasing for their use
in different applications and future millimeter wave communication. A 4-port miniaturized
Asymmetric Vivaldi MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) antenna is designed and presented
for millimeter wave communication.

Method and Meterial::

The top side is made up a flared shape patch with an oval shape structure,
while the back side is made up of partial ground with flare shaped structure to achieve minimum
mutual coupling. The Vivaldi structure is used on a low-cost FR4 dielectric substrate for
wide bandwidth and high gain with a loss tangent of 0.02. The designed MIMO has an overall size
of 31 x 40 mm2. The proposed MIMO covers a 20-40 GHz dual frequency band.

Result::

The achieved isolation between antenna elements is more than 53.40 dBi, which shows
the low mutual coupling between antenna elements. The simulated response for the proposed antenna
is reported in terms of gain, ECC, surface current distribution, VSWR, returns loss, and directivity
and shows the MIMO antenna’s good performance characteristics.

Conclusion::

Both the simulated and measured results are presented, and it shows good agreement
between them.
Numerical Investigation on Effect of Bubbles Arrangement and
Volume Fraction on Apparent Viscosity of Bubbly Suspensions
Authors: Jia Zheng , Pang Mingjun , Niu Ruipeng
Published: December 2023

Background::

Bubbly suspensions can be often run into in natural and industrial processes.
The addition of bubbles with different sizes can lead to a significant change in the rheological
properties of a matrix liquid. It is extremely significant to fully understand the rheological
properties of bubbly suspensions for improving process efficiencies and optimizing productive
processes.

background:

Bubbly suspensions can be often run into in natural and industrial processes. The addition of bubbles of different sizes can greatly change the rheological properties of matrix liquid. It is extremely significant to fully understand the rheological properties of bubbly suspensions for improving process efficiencies and optimizing productive processes.

Objective::

The objective of this study is to explore qualitatively the physical law and internal
mechanism of the apparent viscosity of suspensions formed by a Newtonian liquid containing
different bubbles.

Methods::

Based on the parallel plate model of shear flow, the volume of fluid method (VOF)
was used to investigate the effect of bubble arrangement and volume fraction on the apparent
viscosity of bubbly suspensions at low volume fractions. The piecewise linear interface calculation
(PLIC) method was applied to reconstruct the interface based on the phase function.

Results::

The present results show that the relative viscosity (ηr) of bubbly suspensions shows a
nonlinear change with an increase in bubble volume fraction (ϕ). When the capillary number
(Ca) is less than 0.6, ηr shows a nonlinear increase with an increase in ϕ (ηr increases from 1 to
1.03 with an increase in ϕ from 0 to 2.94% at Ca=0.1). However, Ca is greater than or equal to
0.6, ηr shows a nonlinear decrease with an increase in ϕ (ηr decreases from 1 to 0.92 with an
increase in ϕ from 0 to 2.94% at Ca=2.5). Even if ϕ is the same, different arrangements of bubbles
can lead to different magnitudes of apparent viscosity of bubbly suspensions

Conclusion::

As ϕ increases, the region of low shear rate increases, which leads to a non−linear
decrease in the relative viscosity. When ϕ is the same, the different arrangements of bubbles can
lead to different effects on bubble dynamics and flow fields. This results in different viscous
dissipation in bubbly suspensions. Thus, the apparent viscosity of bubbly suspensions is different.

other:

Nothing
Pacijent u centru – poboljšanje ishoda liječenja edukacijom pacijenata
Authors: Jančić Babić Jadranka
Published: December 2023

Cilj ovog preglednog članka je utvrditi ima li kvaliteta komunikacije liječnika i pacijenta te zdravstvena pismenost pacijenta značajnu razliku u zdravstvenim ishodima liječenja pacijenata. Postoji jasna pretpostavka u literaturi da niska zdravstvena pismenost i neadekvatna komunikacija pacijenata i zdravstvenih djelatnika dovodi do neodgovarajućeg korištenja zdravstvene skrbi, s posljedično lošijim ishodima bolesti. Većina pregledanih studija pokazala je korelaciju između učinkovite komunikacije liječnika i pacijenta i poboljšanih zdravstvenih ishoda pacijenata. Stoga zdravstveni djelatnici imaju dužnost informirati i educirati pacijente o tome kako postići zdravlje i dobrobit, a pacijenti imaju potencijal da utječu na odnos pacijenta i liječnika, na njihovu uzajamna korist s ciljem poboljšanja ishoda zdravstvene skrbi.