bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of metabolic syndrome and its components with the risk of kidney cancer: A cohort-based case-control study
Authors: Jiang Runxue , Li Zhi , Wang Xia , Cai Haifeng , Wu Shouling , Chen Shuohua , Hu Hailong
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing several types of cancer in humans; however, its effect on the development of kidney cancer is not uniform. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components and the risk of developing kidney cancer. METHODS: We conducted a cohort-based case-control study. The case group included 217 patients with new kidney cancer in the Kailuan cohort. A total of 868 subjects who were matched for age and sex with those in the case group age (± 1 year) at 1:4 as the control group were selected from baseline survey participants without malignant tumours at the same time as the case group. Biennial baseline survey data of the cases and controls were collected, and the baseline data nearest to the onset time of cases were used for statistical analyses. Logistic proportional risk regression models were used to analyse the association between MetS and its components and the risk of developing kidney cancer. RESULTS: The proportion of MetS patients in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P< 0.01). The risk of developing kidney cancer was significantly higher in the MetS group than in the non-MetS group [odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval, CI) = 1.63 (1.20–2.21)], and the risk of kidney cancer increased as the number of MetS components increased compared with subjects without any MetS components (p𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑑< 0.01). Elevated blood pressure and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were associated with the risk of kidney cancer [OR (95% CI) = 1.49 (1.02–2.17) and 1.55 (1.13–2.13), respectively]. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the risk of developing kidney cancer is correlated with MetS.
Evaluation of dental and skeletal effects of the asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion appliance: A three-dimensional finite element study
Authors: Keser Merve , Gulnar Burak , Baser Baris
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Transverse maxillary deficiency is one of the most common skeletal anomalies. The incidence of posterior crossbite caused by maxillary deficiency is between 2.7% and 23.3%. Unilateral posterior crossbite is more common than bilateral crossbite. The most common treatment for skeletal posterior crossbite is rapid maxillary expansion (RME), in which the base of the maxillary bone is expanded by separating the midpalatal suture. OBJECTIVE: This study compares the biomechanical effects of three different RME appliances, especially the effects on the midline, and evaluates the usability of the modified asymmetric RME (ARME) appliance for treating unilateral crossbites. METHODS: Three scenarios were created with skull models using three different appliances: (1) conventional-bonded RME appliance; (2) full-cap splint RME appliance, with all teeth covered with acrylic; and (3) ARME, with all teeth on the right side and premolars and molars on the left side covered with acrylic. The finite element method was used to assess stress levels and displacements in all models after applying a 5-mm horizontal displacement to the RME screw. RESULTS: The lateral transverse movement of the first molars was greater with the conventional RME appliance than with the full-cap splint RME appliance. The lateral transverse movement of the first molar was greater on the left than on the right side with the ARME. The lateral transverse movement of the central incisors was greater with the full-cap splint RME appliance than with the conventional RME appliance. The lateral transverse movement of the central incisor was greater on the right than on the left side with the ARME. CONCLUSION: Asymmetrical RME appliance increases unilateral expansion compared to other appliances. Therefore, it should be used in cases of unilateral posterior crossbite. This appliance can also successfully treat posterior crossbite with upper midline deviation, since it corrects the shifted midline.
Five-year follow-up on two revascularization methods used on patients with left main artery disease and/or multivessel coronary artery disease
Authors: Xu Yi-Jun , Yang Peng-Jie , Chen Zhi-Qiang , Liu Peng , Wen Wen , Li Xiao-Wei , Guo Jia-Qi , Deng Yong-Zhi
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are the main treatment methods for left main artery disease (LMAD) and triple-vessel coronary artery disease (TVCAD). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the five-year post-treatment effects of CABG and PCI in patients with severe coronary vasculopathy. METHODS: A total of 430 patients with LMAD and/or triple-vessel coronary artery disease from November 2014 to July 2015 were enrolled retrospectively in the affiliated cardiovascular hospital of Shanxi Medical University and divided into the CABG group and PCI group. The living conditions of the patients were obtained through medical records and telephonic follow-ups five years after the surgery date. The independent risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The effects of the two treatment methods were followed up and evaluated to measure the predictive ability of the Global Risk Classification (GRC) scoring system for MACCE after five years. RESULTS: There were 212 cases in the CABG group and 218 cases in the PCI group. Smoking (P= 0.047), diabetes (P= 0.031), LVEF (P= 0.020), LMAD (P= 0.008), and anterior descending branch lesions (P= 0.038) were significantly correlated with MACCE. The prevalence of MACCE in the CABG group and PCI group had no significant difference (P= 0.549). The GRC scoring system received an AUC of 0.701 for predicting MACCE. CONCLUSION: For patients with severe coronary artery disease, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of MACCE between the CABG and the PCI groups. Several independent risk factors for MACCE were found. The GRC scoring system showed a strong predictive ability for MACCE after five years of revascularization.
Teacher’s Use of Code-switching Types and Functions in Teaching TOEFL and IELTS Preparation Classes
Authors: Andriani Erina , Ena Ouda Teda
Published: January 2023

In English courses, TOEFL and IELTS preparation classes are opened to accommodate the students’ need in learning English skills intensively and passing those standardized tests. As the EFL students still learn the target language, teachers often code-switch to give exposure and explanation. This research aims to study the use of code-switching in English courses. The research questions posed in this study are “what are the types of code-switching used by the teacher in TOEFL and IELTS preparation classes?” and “what are the functions of code-switching in TOEFL and IELTS preparation classes?” This study used descriptive statistics with two structured observation sheets as the instruments. The results showed that the teacher uses seven types of code-switching, intersentential, intrasentential, emblematic, lexical borrowing, integrated loanword, situational, and metaphorical switching in both observed TOEFL and IELTS classes. The researcher finds the six functions of code-switching: referential, directive, expressive, phatic, metalinguistic, and pedagogical functions.
Pemaknaan Murtad Perspektif K.H. Sholeh Darat: Telaah Terhadap Kitab Majmu’at Al-Syariat Al-Kafiyat Li Al-Awam
Authors: Ichrom Muhamad
Published: January 2023

Karya ulama Nusantrara tidak terlepas dari kondisi yang melatar belakangi pada saat itu. Abad 19  merupakan babak akhir kolonialisme di Indonesia, kualitas dan semangat perjuangan Ulama menjadi salah satu penentu kemerdekaan. Salah satunya adalah K.H. Sholeh Darat, K.H. Sholeh Darat merupakan ulama Nusantara yang mempunyai pandangan tegas terhadap pemahaman yang menyimpang baik permasalahan terhadap akidah maupun terhadap sesuatu yang berbau kolonialisme. Penelitian ini berjenis riset pustaka dengan hermeneutik sebagai analisis datanya. Sumber primer dalam kajian ini adalah kitab karangan K.H. Sholeh Darat yang berjudul Majmu’at al Syariat al-Kafiyat Li Al-Awam. Dengan metode hermeneutik terhadap kitab tersebut penulis bermaksud melihat latar belakang pendapat tersebut tentang Konsep Murtad ketika ditarik dalam situasi bangsa Indonesia yang sedang menghadapi kolonialisme pada saat itu. Dalam Kitab Majmu’at al Syariat al-Kafiyat Li Al-Awam K.H. Sholeh menuliskan bahwa Murtad mempunyai tiga kategoti, pertama, murtad secara itiqod (keyakinan), kedua, murtad karena Ucapan dan ketiga murtad secara perbuatan. Pandangan semacam itu tentu bukan berasal dari ruang yang hampa, melaikan karena latar belakang dan situasi yang menuntut demikian. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa corak pemikiran KH. Muhammad Sholeh al-Samarani bersifat responsif, sederhana, menjunjung nilai budaya, nasionalis, dan lokalitas serta cenderung sufistik
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI : ANALISIS FILOSOFIS, PEDAGOGIS, PSIKOLOGI, DAN SOSIAL
Authors: Amrullah M. Kholis
Published: January 2023

Some assumptions regarding high-level thinking are something that allows it to be obtained. In fact, this ability cannot be obtained, but must be trained and applied repeatedly. In this article, the ability to think at a high level is connected with several approaches, namely philosophical, pedagogical, psychological, and social. The culmination of higher-order thinking skills is being able to communicate well with society. this preposition is based on the findings of an analysis that leads to the ability of humans to classify and overcome problems. Psychologically, the ability to think high helps humans in determining the right decisions in taking actions.
Flow Batteries From 1879 To 2022 And Beyond
Authors: Tolmachev Yuriy
Published: January 2023

We present a quantitative bibliometric study of flow battery technology from the first zinc-bromine cells in the 1870’s to megawatt vanadium RFB installations in the 2020’s. We emphasize, that the cost advantage of RFBs in multi-hour charge-discharge cycles is compromised by the inferior energy efficiency of these systems, and that there are limits on the efficiency improvement due to internal cross-over and the cost of power (at low current densities) and due to acceptable pressure drop (at high current densities). Differences between lithium-ion and vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are discussed from the end-user perspective. We conclude, that the area-specific resistance, cross-over current and durability of contemporaneous VRFBs are appropriate for commercialization in multi-hour stationary energy storage markets, and the most import direction in the VRFB development today is reduction of stack materials and manufacturing costs. Chromium-iron RFBs should be given a renewed attention, since it seems to be the most promising durable low-cost chemistry.
PERCUTANEOUS DRAINAGE AS AN ALTERNATIVE OF SURGICAL MANAGEMENT IN PARARENAL ABSCESS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Wilianto Bagas , Daryanto Besut , Satyagraha Paksi
Published: January 2023

Objective: This case report will discuss the experience of using percutaneous drainage as an alternative of open surgery in pararenal abscess therapy. Case(s) Presentation: 61 years old woman complained of left flank pain 6 months before with septic condition. Physical examination revealed tenderness and mass in the left flank region with leukocytosis. Abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) Scan results showed a left lower pole pararenal abscess, severe hydropyonephrosis and ureteropelvic junction stones. Percutaneous abscess drainage and percutaneous nephrostomy was performed with an 18Fr troicart using ultrasound guidance. Discussion: The pus culture showed Escherichia coli bacteria. After three days of operation and intravenous antibiotics, the patient experienced clinical improvement. Outpatient follow-up showed decreased drain production from percutaneous abscess drainage and clear yellow liquid production from percutaneous. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy was performed for the management of stone evacuation. After going through the whole procedure, there is clinical improvement of patient. Conclusion: Percutaneous drainage is an alternative option in the management of perirenal abscesses. Compared to open surgical drainage, the percutaneous technique provides a minimally invasive process, shorter length of stay and more effective costs. This procedure has also shown good clinical improvement in patients.

Keywords: Minimal invasive, pararenal abscess, percutaneous drainage.
Implementasi Komunikasi Perusahaan di Era Digital: Studi Analisis Pada Portal Website amartha.com
Authors: Agya Akhyarsyah
Published: January 2023

Digitalisasi media telah mengubah lini kehidupan manusia, baik dari segi kehidupan pribadi, maupun kehidupan bersosial dengan manusia lainnya. Peralihan kehidupan bisnis konvensional menjadi digital membawa perubahan dalam proses berlangsungnya perusahaan, termasuk komunikasi perusahaan. Media digital mampu menjadikan proses komunikasi perusahaan berubah ke arah yang terintegrasi, efektif, cepat, dan mudah untuk dijangkau. Amartha merupakan sebuah perusahaan pendanaan mikro yang menggunakan produk-produk media digital sebagai dasar operasional perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana penggunaan serta penyebaran komunikasi perusahaan khususnya pada pihak eksternal perusahaan dengan memanfaatkan website dan media sosial Instagram, Twitter dan Facebook. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif, library research (penelitian pustaka) dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Amartha telah memanfaatkan produk media digital seperti website dan media sosial dengan sangat baik, walaupun masih dibutuhkan kesolidan tim, serta penyelarasan konten memaksimalkan komunikasi perusahaan khususnya kepada pihak eksternal perusahaan.
Faāliyatu Istikhdām E-Learning Siakad Fī Ta’līmi Al- Khitābi Aṡnāi Azminati Covid 19
Authors: Aisyah Nuraisyah , Rahmah Meutia , Amri Khairul
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Penggunaan E Learning Siakad Pada Pembelajaran Qira’ah di IAIN Langsa Pada Masa Covid 19. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah, Kualitatif Deskriptif. Adapun instrumen yang digunakan adalah: Angket, dokumentasi  yang menjadi sumber data dalam penelitian ini ialah Mahasiswa Bahasa arab angkatan tahun 2019.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di IAIN Langsa. Dan hasil penelitian ini adalah: efektifitas penggunaan Elearning Siakad dalam pembelajaran qira’ah di iain langsa dimasa covid 19 sudah cukup efektif . Hasil dari penyebaran angket melalui google form mahasiswa menyatakan setuju bahwa pembelajaran Elearning ini sangat memudahkan mahasiswa di masa pandemi saat ini dengan 60,9%. Pembelajaran elearning yang dilakukan pada masa pandemi covid saat ini membuat proses pembelajaran menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien sebanyak 56,5% dan diperkuat dokumendasi nilai mahasiswa dengan rata rata nilai kelas sebanyak 83,51%.
Gender-Based Choice of Politeness Strategies in Interviews by Desi Anwar with Queen of Denmark Margrethe II and President Erdogan
Authors: Arianti Theresia , Yutika Seli Fenny
Published: January 2023

Politeness strategies are a crucial element in conversations. Choosing the appropriate politeness strategies would lead to a smooth talk between the Speaker (S) and the Hearer (H). Preferred politeness strategies are different among different racial groups and also genders. In the case of an interview, the interviewer needs to suit his/her choice of politeness strategies to the interviewee’s preference so that the interviewee would feel comfortable in answering the interview questions. Thus, this current study aims to (1) examine the politeness strategies used by Desi Anwar in the interviews with Queen of Denmark Margrethe II and President Erdogan; (2) examine whether or not the choices of politeness strategies follow the preferred politeness strategies for men and women. The research questions are 1) What politeness strategies are used by Desi Anwar in the interviews with Queen of Denmark Margrethe II and President Erdogan? (2) Do the choices of politeness strategies follow the preferred strategies for men and women? The findings show that in interviewing Queen Margrethe II, Desi Anwar used to notice H, including both S and H, seeking agreement, being optimistic, and giving compliments as the politeness sub-strategies; one of them, i.e., compliment, is in line with females’ preferred politeness sub-strategies. However, in interviewing President Erdogan, Desi Anwar does not give any politeness sub-strategies preferred by males. It shows that it is easier for Desi Anwar to choose the appropriate politeness sub-strategies when she has an interviewee of the same gender.
Syntactic Analysis of Movement Transformation in Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Adha Ruly
Published: January 2023

The objective of this article was to analyse the types of movement transformation which is applied in Bahasa Indonesia. This article aims to collect ideas, theories, and reported empirical data within the context of scholarship in the library. The theory used in this article was taken from the theory of Transformational Generative Grammar (TGG) introduced by Noam Chomsky. This article was an attempt to highlight how Chomsky’s concept called movement transfssormation works in Bahasa Indonesia. The data were taken from some sentences in Bahasa Indonesia. In this article, the sentences were analysed by using IC analysis. IC analysis is a method of analysing sentences by dividing them into their constituent structures. The methods used in analysing sentences were bracketing and tree diagram. Some types of movement transformation that were applied in Bahasa Indonesia were Affix Hopping, Interrogative (Aux Movement), Wh-Movement, Passive Transformation, Dative Movement, Topicalization, Particle Movement, and Relative Movement.
Armed clashes on the Polish-Moldavian borderland in the mid-20s – mid-40s of the XVII century
Authors:   Chernivtsi National University named aft er Yurii Fedkovich, Balukh Oleksii
Published: January 2023

Th e aim. Based on the work of predecessors, the available source base, the pur- pose of the study to analyze the military and political situation in the northern Moldavian border volosts during the struggle of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire for hegemony in Central-Eastern Europe in the mid-20s – mid-40s of the 17th cen- tury. Research methodology. Th e research presented in this article is carried out on the ba- sis of the principles of historicism and objectivity, which involve considering the facts in their temporal and spatial interconnection. Th e methods used by the author (analysis and synthesis, descriptive, problem-chronological, comparative-historical and problem-chronological) allowed to realize the purpose of the study and perform the main tasks of the research. Th e scientifi c novelty is that a detailed analysis of the events of the 1620s-1640s on the Polish-Moldavian borderland, as a time of increasing confrontation between Poland and the Porte, which ulti- mately led to their long-term confrontation and increased internal and external political inter- ference in Moldavian aff airs, and possession of the Khotyn fortress gained strategic importance. Conclusions. Th e second quarter of the 17th century was characterized by increased rivalry between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire. Th roughout this pe- riod, Moldavia continued to be a vassal dependency of the Porte, and the military-political situation of the Bukovynian borderland within the Moldavian state was defi ned by the constant interference of Polish-Cossack and Horde troops in its internal aff airs. Th e Polish kings tried to keep Moldavia in their sphere of infl uence and sent troops there, which destroyed and plundered mainly the border territories with Poland, especially the territories of Chernivtsi and Khotyn vo- losts. At this time, the strategic importance of the Khotyn fortress grew signifi cantly, it continued to play the role of an outpost on the Polish-Moldavian border. So, the territory of the Northern Moldavian border volosts was a bridgehead for the struggle between Turkey and Poland, as du- ring the 1620s and 1640s, both states sought to increase their infl uence on Moldavia and also on Bukovyna, as its constituent part. As a result, from the second quarter of the 17th century the territory of Bukovyna became the scene of important military and political clashes.
Американський та китайський вектори зовнішньої політики Японії прем’єрства Дзюнітіро Коїдзумі (2001-2006 рр.)
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ogііеnko University, Dubinsky Volodymyr , Yuha Oleksandr ,   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ogііеnko University
Published: January 2023

Th e article defi nes the essence, peculiarities and results of Prime Minister Koizumi Junichiro’s foreign policy concept (2001–2006) in the context of Tokyo’s relations with Washington and Beijing at the beginning of the 21st century. Th e methodological bases of the study are the principles of historicism, objectivity and systematicity, as well as diff erent methods. Problem-chronological became the principal method. Th e methods of content analysis, expert assessments were also applied. Th e scientifi c novelty lies in the attempt to comprehensively study the main vectors of the Japanese (American and Chinese) government’s foreign policy activities at the beginning of the 21st century, to determine their content and specifi cs of implementation, and to establish their consequences. Conclusions. It has been established that as Prime Minister, Koizumi paid close attention to the American vector of foreign policy, and as a result, Japan’s relations with the United States improved considerably. Th e strengthening of Japan’s crisis-response mechanism, and its positive experience of participation in overseas operations, helped the country gradually achieve the status of an equal ally of the United States. Simultaneously, there has been a strain on Japan-China relations. It has been established that China’s dissatisfaction with Koizumi’s policies stemmed fi rstly from his focus on strengthening the Japanese-American alliance and secondly from the Prime Minister’s own behaviour, which was seen as disrespecting the national feelings of the Chinese (“war of nerves”). As a result, China’s offi cial policy was aimed at condemning Koizumi’s actions and limiting intergovernmental contacts. As a result, during his premiership, there was no fundamental convergence in the assessment of the historical past and relations between the two countries, which was damaging to both of them in the end.
Historical and political aspects of the educational Process in the uman region (the 1930s)
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State.Pedagogical University, Skus Оlga , Dzhahunova Olena ,   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State.Pedagogical University
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study is to consider the peculiarities of the educational process development in the Uman region under the conditions of social and political changes in Ukraine during the 1930s. Th e research methodology is based on general scientifi c and problem-chrono- logical methods, analysis, principles of objectivity, historicism, etc. Th e scientifi c novelty lies in an attempt to highlight the ambiguous infl uence of the policy of the Soviet regime on the formation and further development of national education in the territory of the Uman district. Th e conclusions of the conducted research allow us to assert the multiface tedness of the raised problem, which has fairly wide coverage in various formats, and at the same time, is consonant with the present. Th e Soviet regime was distinguished by the total establishment of ideological doctrine with the use of repression in all spheres, including education. Th e formation of the Ukrainian education system took place in the 1920s due to the Ukrainization policy, which was curtailed at the end of the decade, moving to its reconstruction in the direction of unifi cation, the creation of a single all-Soviet system. In the diffi cult socio-economic conditions of the early 1930s, more than two dozen secondary schools and evening schools for adults functioned in the Uman district. Th ere was active development of education in the native language, considering the best achievements of pedagogical science, aimed at improving the quality of education and spreading experience. Since 1931, the state-party policy in education had been changing due to a number of decrees issued, resulting in a single centralized, ideological education system. Its functioning was negatively infl uenced by socio-economic and socio-political factors – forced collectivization, the genocide of 1932–1933, and repressions, which in 1937–1938 acquired a mass character. Both hunger and the repressive apparatus were raging in the Uman region. At the same time, considering the need for qualifi ed personnel, the authorities strengthened the educational structure as an important ideological tool for the education of Soviet people and the creation of a totalitarian society.
Volyn nobility at Wilno sejm in 1566: ancient problems and attempts to solve them (based on the 39th book materials of the Lithuanian Metric records)
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vashchuk Dmytro , Mykhailiuk Yury ,   Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy
Published: January 2023

Th e purpose of the article is the analysis of a separate document from the 39th Book of Records of the Lithuanian Metricа, which concerns the participation of Volyn nobi- lity delegation at the session of Wilno Sejm (Sejm Wileński) in January 1566. Th e methodo- logical foundations of the research are based on the fundamental dogmas of historicism and objecti vity. At the same time, the principle of systematicity was used for a comprehensive study of the document content. Analytical and synthesizing methods were used to generalize the obtained information. Th e scientifi c novelty consists in conducting analytical work with the content of the presented document and its corresponding publication at the end of the article. Conclusions. A delegation from Volyn nobility arrived at Wilno Sejm which had been held early in 1566. Th e ambassadors had the authority to inform the Grand Duke of Lithuania Sigismund II Augustus about various problems in the region and to obtain appropriate solutions to them. Actually, it was structured like this: fi rst the message of the ambassadors, and then the resolution of the ruler. Th e total of 14 positions ("prozb") were presented. Currently, the principle of distri- bution of these “prozb” remains unknown from the document: arbitrary or regular. In terms of content we can establish that the raised issues were related to: military service, payment of cer- tain taxes and implementation of duties, administrative positions, criminal off enses and the stay of military mercenaries in Volyn. Th e analyzed document vividly illustrates one of the aspects of the General Sejm (Sejm Walny) functioning and its competence. Sigismund II August did not ignore any of Volyn ambassadors’ "prozb". However not all of them received an immediate solution. Th e ruler took the opposite position on some issues as for example in the case of Lutsk monitor position in the Council of Lords: Sigismund II August categorically refused to renew the historical antiquity to which the plenipotentiary ambassadors appealed.
Historical and Demographic characteristics of prisoners of Kherson governance in the first half of the 19th century (based on clerk documentation materials)
Authors:   Berdyansk State Pedagogical University, Korotky Oleksiy
Published: January 2023

Th e purpose of the research is to establish the number and dynamics of priso ners in the prisons of the Kherson province in the fi rst half of the 19th century, to analyze the age distribution of prisoners, gender distribution, social origin of prisoners, distribution of prisoners into diff erent categories depending on the crimes committed. Th e research methodology is based on the principles of a concrete-historical approach or historicism. Quantitative research methods, historical-comparative method, interpretation method, general scientifi c methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the research. Th e scientifi c novelty of the study lies in the fact that this study is the fi rst attempt to form a comprehensive picture of the number and composition of prisoners in the Kherson province in the fi rst half of the 19th century, based on statistical data from the two largest cities of the province – Odesa and Kherson. For the fi rst time, the study analyzed the distri- bution of inmates of the Odesa prison castle by age and crimes committed. Th e obtained data were compared with the Kherson prison castle, which made it possible to identify trends common to the two cities regarding the composition of prisoners and their number. In turn, these results were considered in the context of the entire Southern Ukraine and other Ukrainian provinces within the Russian Empire. Conclusions. It was found that the majority of prisoners were men, while only a fi ft h were women. Th e basis of the prison “population” of the two main prisons of the Kherson province was made up of persons imprisoned for violating the population localization system and minor property crimes – theft and fraud. Th is was a typical situation for Southern Ukraine, where the population of cities was rapidly increasing and attracting new immigrants, which was refl ected in the number of arrestees. A comparison with other Ukrainian provinces made it possible to es- tablish that, in relation to the number of citizens, the number of detainees in Odesa and Kherson was not an exception to Ukrainian provinces.
Of the local media to the regime of the «tabelas negras» in the Kyiv region: the information potential
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Architecture and Construction, Yakubovskyy Ihor
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to investigate the information potential of the Kyiv region’s local newspapers to the research of the «black boards» regime as a key authorities’ strate- gy in the action which caused the Holodomor of 1932–1933. Th e research focuses on the deep examination of the local media’s materials regarding the functioning of mechanism of «black boards». Th e research methodology involves a combination of methods of comparative stu- dies, contextual analysis, abstraction, and concretization. Th e scientifi c novelty of the article is in showing that Kyiv region’s local newspapers are the indispensable source to the practices of «black boards» on the level of districts and village’s. Th ese media include the most complete cases related to the using of the mechanism of «black boards», fi lling up the information of the documental sources to the regional practices of the «black boards» and its infl uence on the do- ing of Holodomor of 1932–1933, especially on the quantity deaths by famine. Conclusion. Th e informative potential of the Kyiv region’s local newspapers of 1932–1933 enable to deeply investi- gate the following issues: the implementation by local authorities of the central’s and republican’s normative documents relayed to the regime of «black boards»; the specifi cs of the ideological and propagandist convoy regarding the realization of the power’s decisions in the fi eld of «black boards»; the role of local media in the process of the intensifi cation of the strategies aimed the famine in the Ukraine; the everyday practices pertaining to the recording on the «black boards» the various subjects (villages, collective farms, mans etc.); the statistic of the diff erent parts of the «black board’s» regime; the evolution of the authority approach’s to the using of the mechanism of the «black board’s» as a mean of killing by famine.
Situación epidemiológica de la bronquitis obstructiva y asma en lactantes y preescolares
Authors: Herrera Gana Ana Maria , Cavada Chacón Gabriel , Clavero Herrera María Jesús
Published: January 2023

En Chile existe escasa información acerca de la epidemiología de la patología obstructiva bronquial en menores de 5 años. Objetivo: determinar las tasas de hospitalización y mortalidad en menores de 5 años con diagnóstico de bronquitis aguda y asma a nivel nacional. Pacientes y Método: se construyeron las tasas de hospitalización con datos de los egresos del Departamento de Estadística e Información de Salud, seleccionando los códigos CIE10 de asma y bronquitis aguda. Los tamaños de las poblaciones expuestas al riesgo de hospitalización se obtuvieron de las proyecciones de población del Instituto Nacional de Estadística. La tasa de mortalidad se obtuvo calculando el cociente entre el número de defunciones y la población expuesta. Se estudió la evolución de la tasa de hospitalización global y por regiones desde el 2002 al 2017. Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes tenían diagnóstico de bronquitis aguda (93,6%), eran menores de 2 años, de sexo masculino y se hospitalizaron en los meses de invierno. Durante el período analizado se observó que la tasa de hospitalización por bronquitis aguda se redujo de 79,7 a 56,1 por 10.000 habitantes, en cambio la de asma se incrementó de 2,4 a 7,6 por 10.000 habitantes. La mortalidad en los pacientes con bronquitis aguda fue de 0,52 por 100.000 habitantes. No se observó mortalidad en los niños con diagnóstico de asma. Conclusiones: durante el período analizado se observó una reducción significativa de la tasa de hospitalización por bronquitis aguda en los menores de 5 años con una baja mortalidad asociada.
Disfunción de la proteína surfactante C en pacientes pediátricos: Caso Clínico
Authors: Nuñez-Paucar Héctor , Valera-Moreno Carlos , Atamari-Anahui Noé , Zamudio-Aquise Mariela Katherine , Torres-Salas Juan Carlos , Lipa-Chancolla Roxana , Pérez-Garfias Fabio , Gómez-Ponce Víctor , Untiveros-Tello Alex
Published: January 2023

Los desórdenes de disfunción del surfactante pulmonar se producen por defectos genéticos que alteran el metabolismo del surfactante pulmonar. Son trastornos poco frecuentes y causan morbi-mortalidad significativa en la población neonatal y pediátrica.Objetivo: Describir los hallazgos clínicos, histopatológicos y ultraestructura del cuerpo lamelar que orientan hacia disfunción de la proteína surfactante C (SP-C), en lugares donde no se disponen de estudios genéticos confirmatorios.Caso Clínico: Reportamos tres casos pediátricos de desórdenes de disfunción del surfactante pulmonar procedentes de un hospital pediátrico de Perú. En todos los casos se realizó biopsia pulmonar video asistida. Los estudios de ultraestructura del cuerpo lamelar fueron compatibles con disfunción del surfactante pulmonar tipo C. El tratamiento utilizado fueron pulsos de metilprednisolona mensualmente por seis meses, luego cada dos meses, variando la duración según la evolución clínica. También recibieron hidroxicloroquina diario y azitromicina tres veces por semana. Se realizaron evaluaciones clínicas, fondo de ojo, ecocardiograma, electrocardiograma y bioquímica periódicas. Al seguimiento hubo buena respuesta al tratamiento y no se observaron efectos adversos. Un caso falleció a pesar de las terapias recibidas.Conclusiones: En 3 pacientes con disfunción del surfactante tipo C el tratamiento con corticoides, hidroxicloroquina y azitromicina fue exitoso en 2 de ellos. Este es una de las primeras series de casos reportados en Perú que contribuye al estudio de estas enfermedades especialmente en países de bajos y medianos recursos.
Curvas de descenso de peso en recién nacidos a término durante las primeras 48 horas post natales
Authors: Gallardo Miguel , Cavada Gabriel , Gallardo Esteban
Published: January 2023

El recién nacido (RN) sano experimenta un descenso de peso fisiológico en los primeros días de nacido. El identificar la pérdida de peso normal en este período es relevante, ya que permite al clínico tomar conductas en relación con la necesidad de complementar la lactancia materna. Objetivo: Determinar las curvas que muestren la gráfica del descenso de peso que experimentan los RN sanos alimentados con leche materna exclusiva durante las primeras 48 horas de nacido. Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de RN de término sanos durante su permanencia en sala cuna, alimentados exclusivamente al pecho materno y con alimentación mixta. Se recopilaron los pesos al nacimiento, el primer y segundo día de vida. Se utilizó un polinomio cuadrático para modelar los pesos relativos. Se estimaron los percentiles de las variaciones de pérdida de peso. Resultados: La muestra se compuso de 4331 RN con edad gestacional promedio 38,84 semanas. De estos 56,45% fueron partos vaginales y 43,55% cesáreas. La distribución por género fue de 49,37% masculino y 50,63% femenino. De ellos, 82,96% fueron adecuados para la edad gestacional, 6,33% pequeños para la edad gestacional y 10,71% grandes para la edad gestacional. La mayor baja de peso se observó en las primeras 12 horas de vida. Conclusiones: Se obtiene la gráfica de baja de peso de los RN las primeras 48 horas de vida, que representan la pérdida de peso por hora para los RN de término sanos alimentados al pecho exclusivo. Estas curvas pueden ser usadas como herramienta de decisión al permitir categorizar la pérdida de peso del RN y ayudar en la toma de decisiones en lo que respecta a la indicación de adicionar lactancia artificial.
Percepción del riesgo de toxicidad por exposición a plaguicidas domésticos en hogares con niños de 0 a 3 años
Authors: Kandel Gambarte Paula C. , Rovedatti María Gabriela , Ferloni Analía , Pereiro Natalia , Cruz Martin G. , Aragone Soledad , Figar Silvana B. , Dawidowski Adriana R. , Wolansky Marcelo J.
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer las prácticas y la percepción sobre los riesgos de los plaguicidas domésticos (PDs) en madres y padres de niños en etapas tempranas del desarrollo. Sujetos y Método: Investigación de diseño cualitativo mediante entrevistas a madres y padres en 18 domicilios con niños de 0 a 3 años afiliados al Seguro de Salud del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires en el año 2015. Se identificaron categorías analíticas, se conceptualizaron categorías analíticas interpretativas de mayor nivel de abstracción y finalmente se construyeron diagramas para representar y organizar los hallazgos. Resultados: Las entrevistas mostraron que las madres y padres: 1) Utilizaban habitualmente PDs, 2) Mostraron en general baja preocupación por los peligros para la salud de los PDs y productos químicos hogareños excepto un grupo pequeño más sensibilizado, 3) Les preocupaba más las picaduras de insectos en sus hijos que la exposición a PDs, 4) Confiaban en los servicios de fumigación y/o en el marco normativo que los regula, y 5) Manifestaron interés en que el pediatra les brindara información acerca de los productos químicos que se utilizan diariamente en el hogar. Otras categorías analíticas mostraron un ajuste constante entre toxicidad, patogenicidad, higiene y bienestar. Conclusiones: Dado que los niveles de exposición hogareña considerados inocuos para adultos pueden ser toxicológicamente relevantes para individuos en desarrollo, los entes de gobierno y salud deberían proveer a los padres de herramientas intelectuales para decodificar los mensajes del mercadeo de PDs, así como para conceptualizar la relación entre contacto con PDs y trastornos de salud infantil.
Profitability difference between listed bank and non-listed bank
Authors: Edi Edi
Published: January 2023

This study aims to analyze what factor that can affect the profitability of listed bank and non-listed bank. The impact factor are internal and external factors. The detail of internal factors of the bank consist of bank size, capital adequacy ratio, management efficiency, diversification income, liquidity risk, credit risk and external factors of bank consist of market concentration, inflation and gross domestic product. Measurement of bank profitability that used on this study is net interest margin. The sample of this research is banks that are listed in OJK consist of 42 public owned banks and 63 private owned banks. The research data are tested and analyzed with data panel regression using E-views. The results of this research prove that management efficiency, liquidity risk, and market concentration are giving a significant effect to bank profitability. The novelty of this research are approaching the different result between listed bank and non-listed bank profitability in order to find out whether there are different factor that are influencing listed bank and non-listed bank profitability.
The influence of liquidity, profitability, and solvency on stock price
Authors: Adriansyah Fachri , Sherlita Erly
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze how financial ratios affected the stock prices of food and beverage firms. The current ratio (CR), return on assets (ROA), and debt-to-equity ratio are examples of financial ratios (DER). The research methodology used in this study is explanatory. The sample size for this study was 20 food and beverage firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the years 2018 to 2021 using a non-probability sampling method with a purposive selection strategy. The annual reports of the food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange were the source of secondary data for this study. Multiple linear regression analysis, which is computed using the SPSS 23 program, is the analytical technique used. The outcome of this
Pengaruh Return on Asset, Return on Equity, dan Net Profit Margin terhadap pertumbuhan laba pada perusahaan sub sektor farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2016-2020
Authors: Fathimah Nur Aini , Hertina Dede
Published: January 2023

Profit growth is the difference between the profit generated from a period and the profit generated in the previous period. The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) on Profit Growth. The population of this study are pharmaceutical companies listed on the IDX. The sample in this study were 6 companies selected by purposive sampling method. The analytical method used is the panel data regression method. Based on the hypothesis, the results of the study show that Return on Assets has no positive effect on Profit Growth, Return On Equity has a positive effect on Profit Growth, and Net Profit Margin has no negative effect on Profit Growth.
Pengaruh leverage, debt maturity, ukuran perusahaan, dan usia perusahaan terhadap kinerja perusahaan
Authors: Datun Fajar Wakhi , Indrati Menik
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Debt to Asset Ratio, Short Term Debt, company size, and company age on company performance. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis in its testing. In this study, there were 32 companies that met the criteria from a total observation of 45 companies with research objects in LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2021 period. The Debt to Asset Ratio variable has a negative effect on company performance. Short Term Debt variable has a negative effect on company performance. Company size and company age variables have a positive effect on company performance. This research can also be taken into consideration for investors to be more careful in interpreting publications by companies in terms of making decisions with investment decisions, especially so that they can ensure that the investments they make in companies will bring benefits in the future. Companies should analyze aspects that can affect company performance so that they can be improved in order to encourage companies to be better with good company performance.
The Primal Ideas of Mankind of Petar Stanković
Authors: Bulić Nada , Matan Ante
Published: January 2023

The authors of this paper present a hitherto unpublished text ofPetar Stanković, titled Idee primitive dell’Uomo in istato di natura pressotutti i popoli del mondo per conoscere i rapporti delle lingue e loro origine,which serves as a treatise or supplement to his brief, annexed sixteenlanguagedictionary. Because the philological work of Petar Stankovićis less known, this paper contributes to its research and also to a betterknowledge of Croatian lexicography in relation to European lexicographyand the general lexicographic tendencies of that time. The introductory partof the paper offers a brief overview of the life and work of Petar Stankovićand a concise description of the contents of the text, while the centralpart of the paper contains Stanković’s text in Italian, which he includesas someone who has experience in exploring the similarities betweenlanguages and questioning the problem of the empirical origin of languageand its connection with objects in the material world. Stanković, in usingthe comparative method is in keeping with contemporary Indo-Europeanresearch. The authors conclude that this treatise should be viewed togetherwith the dictionary as a whole, and placed in the context of languageresearch as a phenomenon, philosophical traditions of the relationship oflanguage and ideas, and especially in the context of linguistic and classicalphilological research in future research.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ШТРАФНИХ САНКЦІЙ У ГОСПОДАРСЬКО-ДОГОВІРНИХ ВІДНОСИНАХ
Authors: Руденко Л. Д. , Горобець Н. С. , Корощенко К. Р.
Published: January 2023

Стаття присвячена з’ясуванню особливостей застосування штрафних санкцій у господарсько-договірних відносинах. Зважаючи на те, що положення про відповідальність сторін у разі неналежного виконання чи невиконання господарського зобов’язання, обов’язкові для господарського договору, окрему увагу приділено поняттю «господарсько-правова відповідальність». З’ясовано, що зміст останнього розкривається через поняття «господарські санкції», яким охоплюється відшкодування збитків, штрафні, адміністративно-господарські та оперативно-господарські санкції. Розкрито відмінності штрафних санкцій від адміністративно-господарських та оперативно-господарських санкцій, однією з яких їх є мета, яка спрямована на компенсацію майнових втрат, яких зазнала одна сторона договору в результаті неналежного виконання чи невиконання господарського зобов’язання іншою стороною. Особливу увагу приділено різним підходам у цивільному та господарському законодавстві до розуміння штрафу, пені та неустойки. Встановлено, що за ЦК України штраф та пеня є видами неустойки, а ГК України виділяє штраф, пеню та неустойку як види штрафних санкцій. Акцентовано увагу, що за одне порушення господарського зобов’язання може бути застосовано декілька видів штрафних санкцій, що не суперечить положенням статті 61 Конституції України. Визначено, що ЦК України, на відміну від ГК України, не обмежує предмет неустойки лише грошовими коштами, а включає також рухоме та нерухоме майно. З’ясовано, що вид та розмір штрафних санкцій самостійно визначається сторонами при укладенні договору, що іноді обумовлює надмірно великі суми компенсацій порівняно із завданими збитками. Водночас для дотримання балансу інтересів боржника і кредитора закон надав господарському суду право зменшувати розмір штрафних санкцій з урахуванням низки обставин. Аналіз окремих судових рішень дозволив зробити висновок про різний обсяг зменшення судами штрафних санкцій, що в деяких випадках нівелює значення штрафних санкцій в господарсько-договірних відносинах та свідчить про необхідність визначення на законодавчому рівні меж зменшення розміру таких санкцій.