bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of durum wheat (Triticum durum) genotypes on grain filling parameters
Authors: MOHAMED BADR ISLAM DJOUDI , KHALISSA CHENITI , ALI GUENDOUZ , NASSREDDINE LOUAHDI , HAROUN BELGUET
Published: August 2023

Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), a crucial crop in the Mediterranean basin, faces challenges due to drought, resulting in substantial yield losses. This study was carried out during the winter (rabi) season of 2020–2021 to determine the influence of grain filling parameters on individual grain weight variation and their relationship to yield components in 3 durum wheat genotypes (Boussellam, Oued El-Bared and GTA-dur) grown at 3 different locations with varying rainfall patterns under a semi-arid condition of Algeria. Samples were collected from each genotype on 9 different dates to assess grain number, dry weight and grain filling parameters. The experimental results revealed significant genotype effects on grain yield, 1000-kernel weight and most grain filling parameters across all 3 locations, except for the parameter SFR (supreme fill rate). Boussellam recorded higher grain yield, kernel weight and maximum final weight parameter (MFW) due to its longer grain filling duration and higher rate of grain filling. Linear regression analysis indicated decrease of 0.001 mg/day in the rate of grain filling led to a loss of 0.9527 mg in the maximum final weight. Correlation analysis highlighted the interdependence between the rate and grain filling duration, which varied across different environments and influenced dry-matter accumulation, ultimately led to higher grain yield.
Production potential of short duration rice (Oryza sativa) in relation to age of seedlings, date of transplanting and crop geometry
Authors: KAUR PRABHJIT , SAINI K S , KAUR KIRANDEEP , KAUR JASHANJOT
Published: August 2023

An experiment was conducted at the research farm of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab during 2018 and 2019 to determine the production potential of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in relation to age of seedlings, date of transplanting and crop geometry. The results revealed that growth and productivity of short duration rice crop were improved by transplanting younger seedlings of 3 and 4 weeks age (nursery sown on June 12 and June 19) as compared to the older ones 5 and 6 week old seedlings (nursery sown on May 29 and June 5). Transplanting of rice at 25th June and 10th July with 20 cm × 15 cm crop geometry recorded better growth, yield attributes and higher yield as compared to 15 cm × 15 cm crop geometry. Rice transplanted on 10th July required fewer irrigations (14 and 17) as compared to the crop transplanted on June 25 (16, 19) in 2018 and 2019, respectively. This led to a water saving of 12.5 and 10.5% during those respective years, without compromising the yield. It is worth noting that a single irrigation was applied at a depth of 7.5 cm. For higher saving in irrigation water, nursery of PR 126 can be sown up to June 20 and 25–30 days old seedlings can be transplanted up to July 10 at 20 cm ×15 cm spacing.
Impact of varying doses and application methods of metribuzin on productivity and profitability of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under different tillage systems
Authors: AHLAWAT ISHA , KAMBOJ B R , YADAV DHARAM BIR , DAHIYA GARIMA , ABHISHEK  , RANA ANJALI
Published: August 2023

Addressing the imperative of aligning food production with the escalating global population necessitates the identification of sustainable land management strategies. In the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India, weed infestation causes a significant threat to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity. To address this concern, a field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at the research farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Rice Research Station, Kaul, Haryana. The primary objective of this experiment was to assess the effects of varying doses and application methods of metribuzin on the productivity and profitability of wheat crop under zero and conventional tillage systems. Notably, the application of post-emergence (POE) metribuzin at a dose of 350 g/ha as a urea-mix broadcast at 35 days after sowing (DAS) in combination with pinoxaden (PDN) exhibited notablebenefits in terms of productivity and economic viability of wheat. This treatment yielded significantly higher number of effective tillers/mrl (111 in zero tillage; 112 in conventional tillage) and grain yield (5,573 kg/ha in zero tillage; 5,972 kg/ha in conventional tillage). Moreover, the treatment combination of metribuzin at 350 g/ha as a urea-mix broadcast and pinoxaden applied at 35 DAS resulted in the highest net returns and benefit-cost ratio under both tillage systems.
Improvement of Ultra-Soft Soil Using Prefabricated Vertical Drain with Vacuum Preloading System: Laboratory Model Study
Authors: Kefas Pio , Wijaya Andreas Erdian , Khaq Ginanjar , Djunaidy Marcello
Published: August 2023

Use of Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVDs) to improve ultra-soft soil by vacuum preloading method on laboratory scale is described in this study. The laboratory model will be carried out in a vacuum chamber 1m x 1m x 1m with 1 (one) PVD in the middle which is connected to the vacuum pump. During vacuum preloading test, 3 (three) units of settlement plates will be monitored until 60 days. As a comparison data on soil conditions, a test will be carried out by taking 2 (two) samples to see the distribution of differences in the properties condition of ultra-soft soil before and after vacuuming and its relationship with the settlement. Laboratory test shown properties changes which the soil nearest PVD has the bigger changes compared to soil farther from PVD. The change in unit weight (g) based on the sample distance of 15cm and 45cm from the PVD was an increase of 16.47% and 9.59%, respectively. While the change in natural water content (wn) was down 92.81% and 34.47% respectively. Meanwhile, the results of the permeability test showed a decrease of 97.05% and 85.77%, respectively.
Factors Militating Against the Effective Execution of TET Fund Approved Projects in Northeast Zone Nigeria: Implication for Policy
Authors: Adamu Yahaya Muhammad , Hammaiyo Lamido Muhammad
Published: August 2023

The study examined the Factors Militating against the effective execution of Tet Fund approved Projects in Northeast Zone Nigeria: Implication for policy. The objectives of the study are to examine the efficiency of conduct and accessing of approved Tet fund projects on growth development in polytechnics in the Northeastern States and to examine the state of effective Administration of Polytechnics strategies in utilizing of Tet fund Grants in Northeast Zone. Data were collected from primary source and secondary source for the study. However, as a survey study the data for the research will be collected through questionnaire and interview, The research design used for this study is both quantitative and qualitative. The study area is Northeast zone, Nigeria. And the data collected will be analyzed using STATA statistical tools. Based on the findings it was found that the amount allocated to the polytechnics in the Northeast is not sufficient to cover staff request on training and development, execution of capital projects. The study recommends that Tet fund should review the amount allocated to each polytechnic to cover their request (training and development and capital project). Also, whenever funds are allocated to institutions and are not assessed, such funds should be roll over or reallocated in the next year budget, again TET Fund need to embark on periodic evaluation and supervision of projects it is supporting or funding in higher institutions in the region. This evaluation and supervision should not be restricted to capital projects alone. Projects on manpower development like academic staff training, conferences, workshops, engineering fabrications, supply of equipment among others should also be subjected to severe evaluation and supervision by TET Fund.
Sustainability Reporting and Financial Performance: An Empirical Investigation of Quoted Oil and Gas Companies in Nigeria
Authors: Imo ThankGod Obutor
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted to examine the influence of sustainability reporting on financial performance of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The population of the study comprises eleven (11) quoted oil and gas companies derived from the Nigerian Stock Exchange and the secondary data used emanated from the audited financial statements of the quoted Oil and gas companies investigated. Sustainability reporting was the independent variable, while financial performance as the dependent variable was measured by means of return on asset (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and return on capital employed (ROCE). The linear regressions was used to test the hypotheses. The results designate that sustainability reporting has a positive and significant influence on return on asset, return on equity and on return on capital employed; financial The study therefore concludes that, sustainability reporting significantly influences financial performance of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria, and recommends that, to enhance success, managers should focus on building a strategic capability in sustainability reporting. that will enable firms to satisfy market-based stakeholders and realize significant strategic benefits in terms of robust financial performance.
Influence of Experience and Motivation on Job Performance among Business Studies Teachers in Junior Secondary Schools in Rivers State
Authors: Kechinyerum ALIKOR Flourish , AJOKU Florence Onyinye
Published: August 2023

The study investigated the influence of experience and motivation on job performance among business studies teachers in junior secondary schools in Rivers State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population comprised of 39,560 business studies students drawn from 282 secondary schools across the 23 local government areas. A sample size of 1,329 was derived using simple random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire titled “Business Studies Teachers’ Experience and Motivation Performance Scales (BSTEMS) was used as instrument for data collection. Three experts validated the instrument while Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) was used to obtain the reliability coefficient of 0.98. Two research questions and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significant guided the study. A total of 1329 copies of the questionnaire was retrieved and used for the study. The items were rated on four (4) point rating scale; mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the research questions while z-test was used in testing the formulated hypotheses. The findings revealed that gender has no influence on teachers’ job performance. The researchers recommended that Teachers need to be motivated through workshops and conferences for effective job performance in business studies and Government should establish business studio to make teaching and learning of business studies more concrete and creative.
Assessment of Management Approach and the Effectiveness of Primary Health Care Systems in FCT Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Begha Victoria Kwaghdoo
Published: August 2023

Failure of Primary Health Care Systems in meeting previously set Millennium development goals and other health targets in Nigeria has necessitated a critical look at its Primary Health Care systems to decipher challenges and requirements necessary for its effectiveness in achieving Immunization Coverage. The purpose of this study was to analyse management approaches within the context of the primary health care system in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria for effectiveness in achieving immunization coverage. A descriptive survey approach was used and entailed the collection of data from 184 Primary Health Care Management Board members in the Federal Capital Territory, using a researcher- developed instrument titled a “Primary Health Care Manager Instrument (PHCMI). Data obtained from the questionnaire was analysed using IBM SPSS version 21. T-test and Regression analysis were used to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses respectively. The findings revealed that classical and neoclassical approaches were employed in promoting the effectiveness of Primary Health Care systems for achieving Immunization Coverage in the Federal Capital Territory, though strategies meant to promote immunization Coverage in Primary Health care systems were not well implemented. The test of hypothesis revealed that both Classical and Neoclassical Management Approaches have positive and significant effect on DTP3 Coverage in FCT at the conventional level. In reference to the findings and conclusion from the study, non-adaptation, low adaption, low engagement and poor implementation are factors that have mitigated the effectiveness of primary health care systems in the FCT. The management of the Federal Capital Territory Primary Health Care systems should be reoriented and incentivised to focus on core value delivery
Consignment Inventory System and Entrepreneurial Success among Micro Warehousing Firms
Authors: Dr. Ahunanya Valentine , Dr. Ovharhe Orugba Harry , Prof. Emenike C. Gladys , Prof. Otto Godly
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the consignment inventory system and entrepreneurial success among micro warehousing firms. The study adopted cross sectional design and correlation design. Warehousing entrepreneurs practicing consignment inventory system with systemization of passion on micro firms from five south-south states were selected on basis of convenience sampling techniques. A total population of 1000 and sample size of 286 was determined using Slovin's Formula at 0.05 level of significance. The 286 copies of questionnaire were administered, only 257 was deem fit after processing, retriever, coding and cleansing. Three research questions and three hypotheses were raised which was tested with parametric measurement using Pearson Product Moment Correlation because of its bivariate function via SPSS 25 version. From the findings, consignment inventory system strongly correlates with the entrepreneurial success of the micro firms. Hence, the maximum stock level, re-order stock level and minimum stock level has significant influence on the success of the micro firms. Hence, it was revealed that the alternate hypotheses were accepted. Based on the findings and conclusion, it could be recommended that entrepreneurs should design and construct credible validated stock level to ascertain long term success in the enterprise. Also entrepreneur should avoid danger stock level and stock out that would ruins the enterprise ability to achieve her success.
Capítulo 6 - Compressão medular neoplásica
Authors: Cavalcante Dandara Coelho , Ferreira Pedro Henrique Piauilino Benvindo
Published: August 2023

A compressão medular neoplásica (CMN) é uma complicação relativamente comum do câncer, decorrente, na maioria dos casos, da extensão epidural das metástases do corpo vertebral. Trata-se de uma das principais causas da síndrome de compressão medular
EFECTO DE LA INOCULACIÓN DE Rhodococcus fascians Y Azospirillum halopraeferens EN LA GERMINACIÓN DE PALO FIERRO (Olneya tesota A. Gray) EN CONDICIONES DE INVERNADERO
Authors: Rueda Puente Edgar Omar , Duarte-Medina Maricela , Del Toro Sánchez Carmen Lizette , Murillo-Amador Bernardo , Ortega García Jesús , Rangel Preciado Pablo , Hernández Montiel Luis Guillermo , Borboa Flores Jesús , Wong Corral Francisco Javier
Published: August 2023

The growth-promoting bacteria in plants (BGPB) are a group of different species of bacteria can increase plant growth and productivity. Which can benefit plants through their own bacterial metabolism (phosphate solubilizing, producing hormones or fixing nitrogen). At present, desertification is a growing phenomenon worldwide, afforestation is one of the common solutions to combat this problem. Trees for reforestation are initially grown in greenhouses or nurseries. Among numerous reforestation practices, there is an alternative that inoculation with PGPB. Is a forest species that is endemic Olneya tesota Sonoran Desert, which is in danger of extinction. The objective was to evaluate the effect of bacteria growth promoter in plants with Rhodococcuis fascians and Azospirillum halopraeferens on germination and emergence of Ironwood under four salt concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 M NaCl) under greenhouse conditions. Were obtained ironwood seeds in the region of Santa Ana, Sonora. Under greenhouse conditions was evaluated emergence percentage, germination rate, height, plant root length, fresh and dry weight of plant, number of bacterial cells attached to the root system, fresh and dry weight of the root. The results indicate that the germination percentage and other variables evaluated decreased as salinity increases. However, these changed positively to inoculation with bacteria R. fascians and A. halopraeferens.
PRODUCCIÓN DE FORRAJE, COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA Y PRODUCCIÓN DE GAS IN VITRO DE MAÍCES HÍBRIDOS AMARILLOS CULTIVADOS EN MÉXICO
Authors: Roblez Jimenez Lizbeth Esmeralda , Morales Osorio Andres , Ruiz Perez Jose A , Gutierrez Martinez Maria de Guadalupe , Gonzalez Ronquillo Manuel
Published: August 2023

Maize is the most important forage in feed cattle, due to its higher energy content, however, it is characterized by its wide range of varieties and the possibility of generating a large quantity of final products. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the forage yield, chemical composition and in vitro gas production as fresh and hay of a local yellow criollo maize and six varieties of yellow hybrid maize (HIT13, CML460, PIONER, COPPER, CDMO80001 and CLO80902). Fresh and dry yield did not show differences between treatments (P>0.05), their chemical composition (g / kg DM) showed differences (P ˂ 0.05) for the protein content by various storage methods ranging from 59.87 to 59.61 g kg-1 DM per conservation method, NDF ranged from 591 to 686 g kg-1 DM by variety and by the method ranged from 619 to 639 g kg -1 DM, ADF ranged from 298 to 345 g kg-1 DM by variety and 317 to 340 g kg-1 DM by conservation method; ADL ranged from 58 to 41 g kg-1 DM by variety and 41 to 57 g kg-1 DM by conservation method, in vitro gas production  there were no differences (P>0.05) between varieties and conservation method. It is concluded that according to the results obtained, the varieties studied show the same forage yields in both hay and fresh, chemical composition, and in vitro gas production.
INFESTATION OF CITRUS BLACK FLY, ALEUROCANTHUS WOGLUMI ASHBY, 1915 (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) IN AN AGROECOLOGICAL ORCHARD IN PARAIBA STATE
Authors: Souza Geisa Mayana Miranda , Vieira Daniele Lavra , De Oliveira Roberio , Souza Mileny Dos Santos , Da Silva Joalisson Gonçalves , Batista Jacinto De Luna
Published: August 2023

Aleurocanthus woglumi is present in Paraiba state since 2009, causing a lot of damage to the citrus production in the State. There is a lack of knowledge about the bioecology of this Aleyrodidae member under the climatic conditions of ParaÃ­ba State. Thus, in order to know the population density of the pest and study the interference of climatic factors upon these insects, yellow sticky traps were installed evenly distributed in the orchard in the agroecological citrus property in Areia city, in Paraiba state. There were two distinct population peaks of the pest, one in September 2011 and another in April 2012. The lowest densities of the pest were recorded between October and December 2011, a period in which there was no new budding. The population monitoring of A. woglumi in Paraiba state has allowed knowing the time in which the insect occurs in the orchard and the variations in the number of individuals throughout time.
CROP YIELDS ALONG THE TOPOSEQUENCE OF TERRACED ANDOSOLS IN NAROK, KENYA
Authors: Ruto Alice Chepkemoi , Gachene Charles , Gicheru Patrick , Mburu David , Khalif Zeinabu
Published: August 2023

The principle objective of terracing is to reduce runoff and soil loss but it also contributes to increasing the soil moisture content through improved infiltration. A field experiment was conducted in Suswa, Narok County during the short and long rain seasons of 2013-2015 to assess the effect of terracing on crop yields. A randomized complete block design was used with maize and beans as the test crops. The study examined maize plant height, leaf area index (LAI), above ground biomass yields, number of bean pods and grain yields in the upper (U), upper middle (UM), middle (M), lower middle (LM) and lower (L) terrace, slope positions with farmers’ fields where terraces were not maintained were used as the control. The results showed that yields were significantly (P<0.05) higher in L>LM>UM>M>U, with values ranging from 7.2 t ha-1 to 3.0 t ha-1 for maize and 1374 kg ha-1 to 306 kg ha-1 for beans. Significant differences (P<0.05) were also observed  according to cropping patterns with CP2 on average recording the highest (803 kg ha-1) bean yields and CP4 (control)  the lowest (576 kg ha-1) in season I. CP3 had the highest (4.97 t ha-1) maize yields compared to CP4 (3.25 t ha-1) in season II. From the results of the study, it was possible to conclude that soil conservation measures and cropping patterns implemented at Suswa increased crop yields and the technology should be promoted for improved livelihoods.
DINÁMICA DE FERMENTACIÓN Y PRODUCCIÓN DE METANO DE DIETAS A BASE DE Brachiaria humidicola CON ALTOS NIVELES DE INCLUSIÓN DE Enterolobium schomburgkii (BENTH.) Y Senna occidentalis EN UN SISTEMA RUSITEC
Authors: Velez Terranova Oscar Mauricio , Campos-Gaona R. , Sánchez-Guerrero H. , Giraldo L.A.
Published: August 2023

Fermentative characteristics and methane production of diets with high inclusion of Enterolobium schomburgkii and Senna occidentalis plants on a Brachiaria humidicola based diet were studied, using the semi-continuous ruminal fermentation system (Rusitec). The evaluated treatments were: T1-100% B. humidicola (Control); T2- 40% B. humidicola + 60% E. schomburgkii; T3 - 25% B. humidicola + 75% E. schomburgkii y T4 - 25% B. humidicola + 75% S. occidentalis. In two evaluation periods of 10 days (7 adaptation and 3 analysis), gas production, methane, volatile fatty acids (VFA), ammonia, and dry matter and organic matter degradation were evaluated. The results showed that a high inclusion of E. schomburgkii reduced methane production by affecting organic matter degradation. Meanwhile, S. occidentalis increased diet degradation and ammonia, valerate, isobutyrate and TVFA levels, observing an average reduction of 29% in methane production. Several mechanisms may be determining the lower methane volumes observed with this species. Further studies to isolate and quantify the influence of the secondary metabolites present in these plants on ruminal methanogenesis are required.
RESPONSE OF HERBACEOUS VEGETATION TO WOODY PLANT SPECIES IN THE RANGELANDS OF EASTERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Abdulahi Mohammed Mussa , Ebro Abule , Nigatu Lisanework , Teka Habtamu
Published: August 2023

In the lowlands of arid and semiarid rangelands woody plants plays an important role in soil fertility maintenance, providing food, medicine, cosmetics, fodder, fuel wood and pesticides. A better understanding of the interaction of woody plants on their immediate environment is needed to guide optimum management of native vegetation in the production landscapes. However, the response of herbaceous vegetation to woody plant species remains poorly understood. This study evaluates the impact of two dominant woody plant species (Acacia senegal and Balanite aegyptica) on herbaceous vegetation in rangelands of eastern Ethiopia. Eighteen trees of relatively the same diameter at breast height were selected to study the effect of the tree on herbaceous vegetation. Vegetation sample data were collected from under canopy and open areas, and analysed for herbaceous vegetation parameters using two ways ANOVA. The herbaceous vegetation parameters under both woody plant species was significantly higher especially with regard to dry matter (101.3±0.97g/m2), basal cover (65.02±0.7%) and species richness (6.9±0.1211 no. species/m2) than the open grassland with dry matter (74.2±0.72g/m2), basal cover (50.53±0.67%) and species richness (5.3±0.11 no. species/m2). The species composition of herbaceous species also showed significant improvements under woody plant canopy with regard to percentage composition of perennial grasses (0.40%) than the open grassland with percentage composition of perennial grasses (0.27%). The positive effect woody plant presence can be also ascribed to some understory species such as Cenchrus ciliaris, Panicum maximum and Eragrostis papposa which have a good pastoral value, grow better under woody plants. Presence of woody plants facilitates the establishment of more palatable herbaceous vegetation under unfavorable climatic conditions that characterize these environments. Therefore, this tree has a significant effect on herbaceous vegetation improvement in resource poor rangelands and as a result, it is important to retain scattered A. senegal and B. aegyptica plants in the rangelands of eastern Ethiopia.
FERTILITY AND TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON IN OXISOL UNDER DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN SAVANNAH OF PIAUÍ, BRAZIL
Authors: Araújo Fernando Silva , Leite Luiz Fernando Carvalho , De Souza Zigomar Menezes , Torres Jose Luiz Rodrigues , Costa Antônio Samuel Henrique Brito , Ferreira Antônio Hosmylton Carvalho
Published: August 2023

The intensive use of natural resources for food production has ruptured the sustainability of agro-ecosystems. In this context, this study aimed to quantify chemical attributes of Oxisol under five management systems: 1 = conventional tillage (CT); 2 = no-tillage system with millet (NT + M); 3 = crop–livestock integration system with soybean (CL + S); 4 = CL with pasture (CL + P); and 5 = native forest (NF). The following soil depths were studied: 0.00–0.05, 0.05–0.10, and 0.10–0.20 m; and the following traits were quantified: total organic carbon (TOC), soil acidity (pH), soil potential acidity (H + Al) and soil fertility (Ca, Mg, P and K). All treatments modified soil chemical attributes in comparison to NF (p <0.01). The highest phosphorus and potassium levels were observed under CL + S at all evaluated depths. The NT + M treatment increased Ca and Mg levels in layers 0.0–0.05 and 0.10–0.20, whereas CL + S increased base addition (BA), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and  base saturation (BS) levels in layer 0.05–0.10 m. Finally, both CL systems improved soil chemical quality, increased surface TOC and carbon stock in depth.
CARBON STOCKS AND STOCK CHANGES IN AGROFORESTRY PRACTICES: A REVIEW
Authors: Agevi Humphrey , Onwonga Richard , Kuyah Shem , Tsingalia Mugatsia
Published: August 2023

Trees on farmlands and agricultural lands play a crucial role in small holder farmers’ livelihoods in addition to carbon regulation through carbon sequestration. These trees have received much attention recently due to their contribution to climate change mitigation through carbon storage. Quantification of carbon stocks in these trees has always proven difficult due to the spatial extent of these trees and methodological difficulties encountered during measurement. This paper reviews a number of studies done in quantification of biomass and soil carbon stocks in agroforestry within tropics. Most appropriate method employed in determination of carbon stock changes is through use of allometric equations. The equations use parameters like diameter at breast height (DBH), height, crown area which can be measured during field inventory. DBH has always proven to be the best parameter to be used in the equation since it is easy to measure and it does not need expensive equipments.  Apart from trees, soils in agricultural lands have the capacity to store carbon and help mitigate effects of climate change. It then identifies the gap that future research can be done for accurate carbon quantification.

 
ORGANIZATION AND PERFORMANCE OF WATER RESOURCE USERS’ ASSOCIATIONS IN THE SOUTHERN RANGELANDS OF KENYA
Authors: Jawuoro Stanley Odhiambo , Koech Oscar Kipchirchir , Karuku George Njomo , Mbau Judith Syombua
Published: August 2023

Water insecurity is a threat to pastoral livelihoods and sustainability. The Water Act of Kenya, 2002, created the Water Resource Users’ Associations (WRUAs) to enhance water resource conservation access at the local level.  Nevertheless, environmental degradation has increased in recent times, further exacerbating water crisis and threatening livelihoods. This study sought to assess the status of community based water resource conservation in the Southern rangelands of Kiserian, Kajiado County, Kenya. Kiserian WRUA members were purposively sampled for this survey. Data was mainly collected through administration of a semi-structured questionnaire.  Focus group discussions and key informant interviews were also conducted to validate the data obtained from the questionnaire. Chi-square and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data using SPSS version 20.  Results indicated that access to information on water conservation and training were significantly associated, with membership to the WRUA (χ2=0.56, p≤0.05) and (χ2=0.71, p≤0.05), respectively. Majority (79.5%) of the Kiserian WRUA members had participated in tree planting within the catchment. Half (50%) of the WRUA members were mainly motivated to join the association because of perceived benefits like improved access to water at lower prices and participation in catchment protection. The main challenges facing the WRUA were inadequate funding from the government and other stakeholders (93.2%) and lack of support from county leadership (34.1%). It was concluded that WRUAs, especially in the rangelands of Kajiado, Kenya, played a key role in catchment conservation and water access for resilient livelihoods among pastoralists. This study therefore recommends awareness to increase WRUA membership and allocation of sufficient funding from the government and other related stakeholders to WRUA conservation activities, if catchment conservation for improved water access in the area is to be realized. 

 
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF THE Richardia brasiliensis (Gomes) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT
Authors: Matias Rosemary , Canale Fernanda Sollberger , Corrêa Bianca Obes , Bono José Antônio Maior , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck de , Dourado Doroty Mesquita , Roel Antônia Railda , Rivero-Wendt Carla Leticia Gediel , Pedrino Denise Renata
Published: August 2023

The objective of this work was to evaluate the fungicide potential of the Richardia brasiliensis plant extract or its fractions on Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, as well as the isolation and identification of substances present in these fractions. For both the crude and ethanolic extracts, the plants’ aerial part was fractionated and the hexane fractions and ethyl acetate were separately subjected to columns of silica-gel leading to isolation of steroids and triterpene acids respectively. One- and two-dimensional 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral analyses were used for structural elucidation.  Concentrations of 10; 20; 40; 80; 160 µg 100mL-1 ethanolic extract, hexane fractions and a pure isolated substance (oleanolic acid) with 5 µL of DMSO were utilized for antifungal activity evaluation. Spectral analysis allowed identification and isolation of β-sitosterol and a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. For fungicide action, the hexane and acetate or pure fractions provided reduction of the mycelial growth of C. gloesporioides, at the 160 μg100 mL-1 concentration. For L. theobromae, the acetate or pure fraction and the ethanolic extract were highlighted in the concentrations of 80 and 160 μg100 mL-1. From the results of the evaluation of fungicide potential of the R. brasiliensis extract and its fraction against the fungi C. gloeosporioides and L. Theobromae, as well as the chemical insulation of the substances involved, it can be noted that this weed contains potential fungicidal substances and especially the isolated triterpenes are promising for use in formulations in the control of these pathogens.
PRÁCTICAS ANCESTRALES EN EL CULTIVO DE Manihot esculenta CRANTZ EN COMUNIDADES INDÍGENAS AMAZÓNICAS DEL ECUADOR
Authors: Mera-Andrade Rafael Isaís , Pineda-Morales Noé , Pomboza-Tamaquiza Pedro Pablo , Bejarano-Rivera Cristina Isabel , López-Villacis Isabel , Ortíz-Tirado Paul , Artieda-Rojas Jorge Rodrigo , Muñoz-Espinoza Manolo Sebastián , Carrasco-Silva Anselmo Humberto
Published: August 2023

The objective of the study was to identify the permanence of ancestral practices in the cultivation of Manihot esculenta Crantz (Yuca) in productive units of Amazonian communities of Ecuador. The study was carried out in the parish Mother Earth of the Pastaza Canton, Ecuador. Farmers (62 informants) were selected by non-probabilistic sampling, with the criterion of cultivating cassava in their productive units. Semi-structured interviews, observation tours and deep interviews were conducted. The variables analysed were: age, level of education, gender of the informants; cultivated area; cultivated cassava varieties; observation of the lunar phases; association with other crops; pest and weed control methods; cassava storage methods, medicinal uses and ritual practices associated with cultivation. The results show that the average age of the farmers is 55.7 years; the majority are women (62.7 %); 88.7 % consider the lunar phase for sowing, of them 92.7% sow in full moon; they cultivate four species of cassava; they use two traditional methods to control the arriera ant. The results suggest the need to promote the use of sustainable ancestral practices in cassava cultivation technology transfer programs.
NYMPH CONTROL OF Mahanarva andigena WITH Metarhizium anisopliae IN GREENHOUSE AND FIELD CONDITIONS IN PASTAZA, ECUADOR
Authors: Valle Segundo Benedicto , Puertas Ana , Iparraguirre Miguel , Caicedo Willan , Uvidia Hernán , Carrera Karina
Published: August 2023

The efficacy of four native isolations of Metarhizium anisopliae in the control of Mahanarva andigena nymphs in greenhouse and field was evaluated. In both conditions, the treatments were: four native isolations: T1: MT-51 (01), T2: P-50 (01), T3: T-63 (01) and T4: F55 (01); a commercial strain T5: Metazeb and T6 control treatment. In a greenhouse, 30 days old sugar cane seedlings were used, each one was infested with 10 fourth instar nymphs and subsequently sprinkled with 15 mL of a suspension of 1x108 conidia/mL-1 for each isolation, the commercial strain at a dose of 2x1012 conidia/ha-1 (300 g of commercial product/ha-1) and the control treatment (sterile distilled water + agral 90).  In greenhouse mortality was recorded for seven days and the corrected and confirmed mortality was determined. In the field, the treatments were sprayed at the same concentrations. The effectiveness of the treatments was determined at 7 and 14 days after the application, with the Henderson-Tilton formula. In the greenhouse treatments, T1, T2 and T3 caused high percentages of confirmed mortality, with values of 71.11, 67.5 and 54.45%, respectively, higher than the commercial strain, and in the field at 14 days, the application of treatments T1 and T2, reached an efficiency of 73.08 and 69.68%, higher than other treatments. These results demonstrate that the T1 isolations: MT-51 (01) and T2: P-50 (01) in greenhouse and field induced a high mortality of M. andigena nymphs, so they are the most promising for use as control biological agents of this insect pest in the cultivation of sugar cane.
Actualización en Ginecología Vol. 3
Authors: Salazar Vasquez Natalia Marina , Chano Quilumba Giovanny René , Huilcapi Carrillo María Fernanda , Aguilar Arteaga Tamara Patricia , Cárdenas Garófalo Lizbeth Leonor , Suasnavas Amagua David Andres
Published: August 2023

"Actualización en Ginecología Vol. 3" es una obra fundamental para profesionales y estudiantes de medicina interesados en la ginecología contemporánea. Este libro ofrece una visión integral y actualizada de los temas más relevantes en este campo médico en constante evolución.
Compendio en Temas de Imagenología Vol. 1
Authors: Lua Mawyin Carlos Andrés , Navas Cevallos Joffre Alexander , Plaza Palacios Irving Ignacio , Guzñay Saldaña Jessica Lorena , Mestanza Zurita Jéssica Gabriela , Valencia Leiva Giovanna Dayanyra , Guamialamá Coral Wilson Patricio , Guerrero Loaiza Andrea Yolanda
Published: August 2023

"Compendio en Temas de Imagenología Vol. 1" es una valiosa joya literaria para los profesionales y estudiantes de medicina que desean explorar el emocionante mundo de la imagenología médica. Este libro ofrece una introducción completa y accesible a los fundamentos esenciales de la imagenología, desde la radiología convencional hasta las tecnologías de vanguardia como la resonancia magnética y la tomografía computarizada.
Dermatología en la Práctica Médica General Vol. 2
Authors: Pucha Pesántez Ronald Eduardo , Delli Villavicencio María Romyna , Proaño Cobos Sofia Nicole , Troya Lopez Maria Fernanda , González Avilés Ana Paula , Méndez Morillo Jennifer Carolina , Pérez Quiroga Fausto Daniel , Gordón Villagrán Ximena Gabriela
Published: August 2023

"Dermatología en la Práctica Médica General Vol. 2" es un recurso imprescindible para médicos generales y especialistas por igual. Este segundo volumen de la serie se adentra en el fascinante mundo de la dermatología, brindando una comprensión completa de las enfermedades cutáneas más comunes y desafiantes.
A Brief Look at Optical Diffuse Reflection (ODR) Spectroscopy
Authors: Myrick Michael L. , English Caitlyn M. , Kitzhaber Zechariah B.
Published: August 2023

In this short overview, we consider use cases for diffuse reflection spectroscopy and introduce the Kubelka-Munk diffuse reflectance formula. We conclude by comparing diffuse transmittance, diffuse reflectance, logarithmic transforms of both, and the Kubelka-Munk transform for mid-infrared spectroscopy of the same sample.
Postharvest Management, Nutritional Profile, and Value-Added Products of Mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Olalere Dorcas Funmilayo , Bolarinwa Islamiyat Folashade , Oke Moruf Olanrewaju
Published: August 2023

Mango is widely consumed and traded due to its health benefits, excellent fiber sources, and bioactive compounds. However, mangoes are climacteric fruits and, therefore, highly perishable, thus, requiring proper postharvest management and adequate processing into value-added and more stable products with a longer shelf life in order to make the fruits available and marketable all year round. Vital information on postharvest losses and management of mango, nutritional and health benefits of mango fruits, value addition to green mature mango and ripe mango, and utilization of mango by-products were presented in this review. The aims of this review are to motivate farmers to increase mango cultivation, to explore processors new products of mango, and to keep consumers abreast of nutritious products from mango.
Marshall Mcluhan’ın “Global Köy” Teorisinden XXI. Yüzyıl Rus Blogger Edebiyatına Bakış: Olga Savelyeva Portakallar. Bir Yetişkinin Dürüst Öyküsü
Authors: YETKİN Gülhanım Bihter
Published: August 2023

XX. yüzyılın önde gelen iletişim kuramcılarından biri olan Marshall McLuhan, 1964 yılında kaleme aldığı Medyayı Anlamak adlı eserinde teknolojilerin insanın fiziksel ve zihinsel kapasitelerinin uzantıları olduğu görüşünü savunur. Bu bağlamda bireylerin bilişim teknolojilerinin yardımıyla giderek daha fazla birbirine bağlanacağını ve böylece dünyanın metaforik bir “köye” dönüşeceğini ileri sürer. İletişim alanında “global köy” adıyla ortaya attığı bu teorisinde McLuhan’ın özellikle internet teknolojisine işaret eden açıklamaları, XX. yüzyılın son döneminde tam anlamıyla karşılığını bulur ve henüz oluşumlanan elektronik çağda insanlar aynı köyde yaşıyormuşçasına birbiriyle iletişime geçebilir hale gelir. Komünikasyon platformunda gerçekleşen söz konusu değişim, özellikle edebiyata çeşitli araçlar yardımıyla yeni bir boyut kazandırır. Nitekim bu çalışmada, kitle iletişimin önemli bir parçası olan internetin günümüz Rus toplumunda en yaygın kullanım şekli olan blogların niteliklerine değinilecek olup, söz konusu sosyal ağların sahipleri olan bloggerlardan Olga Savelyeva’nın edebî kimliği ön plana çıkarılarak Portakallar. Bir Yetişkinin Dürüst Öyküsü adlı eseri McLuhan’ın global köy teorisi bağlamında betimleme yönteminden faydalanılarak çözümlenecektir. Böylelikle globalleşen dünyanın bir getirisi olan yeni teknolojik düzenin sanatsal alan-daki karşılığı, Olga Savelyeva’nın eserinden yapılan ilgi çekici alıntılarla gün yüzüne çıkarılacaktır.
‘Yapısöküme’ Uğramış Mekân: Dijital Sanat ve Teknoloji Bağlamında Geleceğin Kentleri
Authors: MOLO Ümmühan
Published: August 2023

İnsanın yaşamda mekân ile kurduğu derin ilişkinin en önemli göstergelerinden biri kentlerdir. Bu yerler, bir zamansallık dâhilinde var olmakta, tarihsel olma özelliğiyle kendisine kimlik yaratmakta ve yaşam dinamiklerindeki değişimlerle birlikte yeniden anlam kazanmaktadır. Kente dair bu nitelikler, onun sanata ilham olmasını sağlamakta ve bir mekân olarak kent çok defa sanat aracılığıyla yorumlanmaktadır. Günümüzdeki gelişmeler neticesinde teknoloji ve dijitalleşmenin yaşamı kuşatıcı etkisi, kentin sanattaki görünümünde yeni biçimler yaratmaktadır. Teknik düzeyde bir değişim halinde olan sanat kendisine alternatif yollar yaratırken, kent ortamını da bir içerik olarak kullanmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışma, dijital sanat eserlerinde yer alan kent mekânını konu edinmekte ve bir zamansallık zemininde estetik değer kazanan kenti, gelecekteki görünümüyle anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmanın örneklemini, Cihan Engin’in dijital sanat eserleri arasından seçilen, İstanbul ve Ankara illeri oluşturmaktadır. Sanatçının bu illeri geleceğin olasılıkları üzerinden kurgulama biçimi ve bu kurguda oluşan yeni anlam, Derrida’nın yapısöküm analiz yöntemiyle incelenmektedir. Bu yöntemle, eserdeki göstergelerin görünen anlamları ve karşıtlıkları ortaya koyulmakta, içi oyulan yapılar yeni anlamlarla tekrar kurulmaktadır. Analizden elde edilen sonuçlara göre geleceğin kentleri, zaman sıralamasını takip eden ve bu süreçte distopik görünümüyle göze çarpandır. Aynı zamanda bu yerler, insanı kent mekânının geri planında konumlandırdığı gibi, geçmiş ve gelecekten kente giriş yapan “ötekiler”le birlikte tekinsiz bir gelecek mekânı kurgulamaktadır. İnsanın, yaşamı var kılmak için mücadele içerisinde bile bulunmadığı bu güvensiz ortamlar, kentin yok olduğu ortamlardır.
INVESTIGATING THE USE OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING AND STUDENTS' SATISFACTION IN THE TEACHING OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS: A CASE STUDY AT MTS AL-IHSAN KRIAN
Authors: Arbi Anggun Purnomo
Published: August 2023

Researchers widely agree that project-based learning, an effective and strongly advised instructional strategy, can foster intense engagement and enhance students' learning experiences. In order to teach descriptive text at MTS Al-Ihsan Krian during the academic year 2021-2022, this study investigated the implementation of project-based learning (PjBL) and how students responded to its use. Students from MTS Al-Ihsan Krian's 7th grade were the study's subjects. The research employed a descriptive-qualitative approach to collect data from observational findings and responses from students collected via a questionnaire. The main source of data for this study was the teaching and learning process. The primary instrument was the researcher, who was assisted by secondary instruments like questionnaires and field notes from observations. PjBL's implementation has been found to have been successful based on observations, and the findings have shown both advantages and disadvantages. According to the survey results, students at MTS Al-Ihsan Krian responded favourably to the implementation of project-based learning, highlighting the positive impact it has on learning descriptive text. On the basis of the research findings, it is recommended that educators at MTS Al-Ihsan Krian keep encouraging and incorporate project-based learning into their descriptive text teaching methodologies. This strategy has demonstrated its potential for increasing student engagement, fostering collaborative skills, and cultivating a deeper comprehension and application of knowledge
Pengembangan Website Yayasan Al-Hizam Menggunakan Framework Nuxt JS
Authors: Hanafie Ahmad , Chintami D.A Amaliah , B Nur Isnayanti , Sulihin Sulfitra
Published: August 2023

Yayasan Al-Hizam merupakan badan hukum yang terdiri atas kekayaan yang dipisahkan dan diperuntukkan untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu di bidang sosial, keagamaan dan kemanusiaan, sistem informasi yang ada pada sebelumnya dinilai masih kurang dalam mengpublikasikan program kegiatan yayasan dan penambahan layanan open donasi pada website untuk menjaring dermawan yang ingin menginfakan hartanya untuk membantu keberlangsungan program yayasan. Tujuan penelitian mengembangkan aplikasi website menggunakan framework nuxt js yang lebih responsif guna membantu pengurus dalam mempublikasikan setiap program pedidikan, dakwa dan sosial yang berlangsung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dimana mengembangkan dengan menyempurnakan desain aplikasi serta menambah fitur pada aplikasi. Hasil pengujian aplikasi pengunjung mengakses link untuk masuk pada halaman dashboard yang menampilkan beberapa menu yaitu diantaranya tentang program yayasan, struktur organisasi, menu program yaitu menampilkan kegiatan yang berlangsung dan menu galeri adalah seluruh documentasi setiap program kerja yang berlangsung dan yang paling penting adalah menu open donasi dimana pengunjung bisa menyalurkan dana lewat layanan tersebut. Kesimpulan pengembangan aplikasi dinilai sudah cukup dalam mempublikasikan kegiatan yang berlangsung  dengan  ui designer dan tools yang menarik.
Mindfulness training in swimming: Efforts to reduce burnout and stress in junior athletes.
Authors: Sukur Abdul , Hartono Fajar Vidya , Gani Ruslan Abdul , Setiawan Edi
Published: August 2023

Purpose. The application of mindfulness training in sports activities showed enhancement, but lack of evidence about the effects of mindfulness associated with burnout and stress in junior swimming athletes through mixed research methods which created a gap in this study. Therefore, this research analyzed the effects of mindfulness on burnout and stress.
Material and methods. Mixed method research with 51 junior swimming athletes involved in this study. In this quantitative research, burnout level was measured using the Burnout Scale for University Athletes, while stress level was measured using The Perceived Stress Scale. The instruments in qualitative research involved in-depth interviews.
Results. First, the findings of the quantitative research found that there were no differences in burnout and stress scores in the mindfulness and control groups at the baseline stage (p≥0.05), but there were differences at the post stage (p ≤ 0.05). While the results of the qualitative research showed diverse perceptions of participants including the advantage, drawbacks and impact of mindfulness training.
Conclusions. Thus, our research confirms and highlights that mindfulness training is proven to be an alternative and solution for athletes in reducing burnout and stress levels intended for junior swimming athletes.