bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS SUMBER DAN KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN NELAYAN PESISIR DI KOTA TARAKAN
Authors: Sidik Jafar
Published: February 2024

This study aims  analyze the source of income of fishing families meet household needs in Tarakan City and to analyze the level of income inequality of fishing communities in Tarakan City. This research was conducted in 2021 in Tarakan City. The results showed that the fishermen's family income comes from the husband and additional income from the wife and children,  contributes of each family income; husband is 45%, wife is 54% and 5% Children, and per capita income of Rp. 772,753. The Gini Index of 0.41 is classified as moderate inequality. The Lorenz curve shows that 50% of the population enjoys less than 40% of the total income. The distribution of income for fishermen in the coastal TarakanCity, of the World Bank criteria shows that 40% of low-income fishermen enjoy 23.69% of the total income, while 40% of middle-income earners enjoy 38.76% and 20% of high-income earners enjoy 38.55% of total income , the income distribution of fishermen in the coastal city of Tarakan is not too unequal (low inequality), greater than 17%, base on the World Bank criteria. Keywords : Gini Index, Income Inequality, Coastal Fishermen, Urban
ANALISIS BRAND TRUST, BRAND IMAGE, DAN BRAND LOYALTY TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN NIPPONPARTS PADA CV.MOTOROLI
Authors: Wibowo Berry , Sudarwati Sudarwati , Aryati Ida
Published: February 2024

The study of this study was to further examine the simultaneous and partial effects of brand trust, brand image, and brand loyalty on buying decisions for Nipponparts at CV.Motoroli. Using a quantitative method with Nipponparts buyers at CV. Motoroli was used as a population and taking acsamplecofc100crespondents. Thecsamplingctechnique iscpurposivecsampling, reinforced by simultaneous tests, partial tests, multiple linear regression tests, and coefficientcofcdeterminationctests. Thecresultscshowedcthatcthe 3 independent variables hadcacpositivecandcsignificantceffectconcthe dependent variable. The research tool uses the SPSS Statistics 25 program. Keywords: Brand Trust, Brand Image, Brand Loyalty, Buying Decision.
PENGARUH ROTASI AUDITOR, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN PERGANTIAN MANAJEMEN TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT SEKTOR PERTANIAN 2019-2021
Authors: Tarigan Sanrival M , Siagian Valentine
Published: February 2024

The quality of audit report in financial statements are the key points for the user of the financial statement to make a decision. This research has a purpose in examining what effect will be given from auditor switching, firm size, and management change to the quality of an audit. The population of this research is from the company with agriculture sector listed at Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019-2021. Using logistic regression in analysing the data with the using of SPSS version 26. The results are : 1) Auditor switching has no significant effect on audit quality. 2) Firm size has a significant effect on audit quality. 3) Management change has no significant effect on audit quality.Keywords : Auditor, Management, Audit Quality, Firm Size,
ACCOUNTING CONSERVATISM: THE EFFECT OF FIRM PERFORMANCE, POSITIVE ACCOUNTING THEORY, AND LITIGATION RISK
Authors: Averio Thomas
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of firm performance, positive accounting theory proxied by bonus plan, debt covenant, and political cost, and litigation risk on accounting conservatism. The data used in this study is the annual report of food beverage subsector companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2019. The sampling technique being applied in this study is purposive sampling, with multiple linear regression. This results showed that firm performance and bonus plan have negative effect on accounting conservatism, while debt covenant, political cost, and litigation risk have no significant effect on accounting conservatism.Keywords: Accounting Conservatism, Firm Performance, Positive Accounting Theory, Litigation Risk.
PENGARUH PRODUK, HARGA DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PADA TOKO RS KOMPUTER MEDAN
Authors: Ginting Samuel T.U.A , Keliat Ezranto , Simanjuntak Yuli R.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of product, price, and service quality on consumer satisfaction at a computer hospital shop. Where the Independent Variables consist of Product (X1), Price (X2), and Service quality (X3), and the Dependent Variable Consumer Satisfaction (Y). The survey was distributed to 96 respondents using probability sampling technique with random sampling. Statistical Test using SPSS Version 22, by looking for the Instrument Validity Test where r-Count 0.202 r-Table then all Indicator Variables X and Y are declared Valid, and Reliability Test where the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient Value of Variables X and Y 0.6 then Variables said to be reliable. Data analysis uses descriptive where all X and Y variables are in the interval 3.41 – 4.2, so it is included in the agreed criteria. and Statistical Test through the Classical Assumption Test where the regression model does not show symptoms of multicollinearity in the multicollinearity test, the regression model does not show heteroscedasticity symptoms in the heteroscedasticity test, and the nomality test where the linear regression model has used normal distribution data. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis where the Coefficient of Multiple Determination (R2) is 0.560 indicating that the X variable simultaneously influences the Y variable by 56.0%. Partial Correlation where X1, X2, X3 have a significance of 0.000 0.005 that there is a significant correlation of the 3 variables, and the Partial Determination Correlation (r2) is the most dominant, i.e. Product is 0.497 or 49.7% the most dominant to the variable Consumer Satisfaction (Y) , Hypothesis test with F test where Sig F 0.000 0.005 then there is a joint effect of X1, X2, X3 on Y. and t test where variable X1 has a significant effect on Y, and variables X2, X3 each have no effect on variable Y Consumer Satisfaction.Keywords: Product, Price, Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction
PENGARUH OPINI AUDIT, PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN KAP, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KETEPATAN WAKTU
Authors: Faizah Wynne Nurul , Mulyani Mulyani
Published: February 2024

The occurrence of several phenomena of company delays in submitting their financial reports over the past three years has increased. In addition, the Covid-19 phenomenon also affects many aspects and causes companies to be late in reporting their financial statements. The purpose of this study is to prove whether audit opinion, profitability, public accounting firm size, and company size can affect the timeliness of submitting financial reports in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 period. The sampling technique used in this study is a non-probabilistic sampling technique. The conclusion of this study shows that profitability has a negative and significant effect on the timeliness of financial report submission, company size has a positive and significant effect on the timeliness of financial report submission, while audit opinion and KAP size have no significant effect on the timeliness of financial report submission.Keywords: timeliness, audit opinion, profitability, size of public accounting firm, company size.
Learning growth and development of living things topic: An analysis of students’ interest at a private middle school in Labuhanbatu district
Authors: Sari Ayu Manja , Harahap Hasmi Syahputra
Published: February 2024

Students’ engagement and curiosity in learning Biology is suboptimal, hence innovative teaching methods are required to cultivate their interest and enhance their understanding of the subject matter. The research aims to identify differences in students’ interest in learning Biology across grades VII, VIII, and IX, based on gender and other indicators. The study analyzes the variations in students’ interest in the growth and development of living creatures at Bulu Tolang Adventist Private Middle School, Labuhanbatu Regency. The research population comprises all students at the school, with a research sample of 64 students using total sampling techniques. The study employed a quantitative descriptive research method and used a questionnaire of 20 statements calculated using a Likert scale. The data analysis involved descriptive description of the average percentage of students’ interest in learning. The research results revealed that: (1) Grade VII students’ interest in learning was categorized as high (65.62%), Grade VIII high (62.69%) and Grade IX medium (51.60%); (2) Students’ interest in learning based on gender showed that males were in the medium category (54.28%) in paying attention to lessons, while females were higher (65.23%); and (3) Student interest in learning based on indicators, namely feelings of enjoyment in participating in learning amounting to (59.68%), attention (58.99%), interest (57.43%), and student involvement (60.11%). The study concludes that Grade VIII students exhibit higher interest in learning Biology than their Grade VII and IX counterparts. Based on gender, female students demonstrate greater interest in learning than male students. The study also indicates that students’ feelings of joy, attention, interest, and involvement are in the medium category. Factors that influence the level of student learning include the family environment, motivation, and interest in learning. Innovative teaching methods can help support students’ higher interest in learning, including interest and feelings of enjoyment in learning.
An analysis of digital literacy skills of high school students in biology
Authors: Sukma Ridho Ilafi , Purwianingsih Widi , Amprasto Amprasto
Published: February 2024

Digital literacy is a crucial skill for understanding information from various sources, such as the use of the internet and other digital media as a learning resource. Navigating the internet is an important skill to master to keep updated with the development of information and communication technology in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 and to master one of the 21st-century skills. Skills that someone should have in digital literacy include internet searching, hypertextual navigation, evaluating information, and synthesizing information. This study aims to determine the digital literacy skills of tenth-grade high school students in biology class. The research method follows the quantitative descriptive method. The population and sample were 62 tenth-grade high school students. The data collection technique is in the form of questionnaires focusing on four aspects of digital literacy. The results indicate that the digital literacy of tenth-grade high school students with an average score of 44% is in the fair category. Meanwhile, the results for each aspect of the digital literacy indicator obtained different scores, namely internet searching at 47% (fair), hypertext navigation at 27% (fair), evaluating information at 40.32% (fair), and synthesizing information at 60.48% (good). This research suggests how stakeholders can issue policies as a basis for improving students' digital literacy to support the learning process focusing more on 21st-century skills.
Ethnopedagogical Content in the Traditional Art of Sasak Ethnic Group: Gendang Beleq
Authors: Alditia Lalu Muhammad , Nurmawanti Iva
Published: February 2024

The integration of culture in education, known as ethnopedagogy, enhances learning effectiveness. However, limited research exists on this topic.  Therefore, this study aims to explore ethnopedagogical content in gendang beleq art, serving as a reference for integrating culture and local wisdom in Indonesia. This research adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing a literature study method to gather information from various relevant sources like articles, proceedings, and books. The data was analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach with thematic analysis. Findings reveal that gendang beleq art contains various ethnopedagogical contents. These include ethnomathematics concepts like geometric shapes (such as half a needle, beam, and tube) and flat shapes (triangles, pentagons, and circles). Additionally, the art form incorporates ethnoscience concepts related to sound, as well as concepts of motion, locomotors in floor formations or patterns, and dance during drum beleq performances. Lastly, it encompasses the content of the Pancasila concept, emphasizing integration, unity, justice, and equality. These findings highlight gendang beleq art as a valuable reference for cultural products and local wisdom, with the potential to enhance ethnopedagogical-based learning implementation.Keywords: Ethnopedagogy, Gendang beleq, Sasak ethnic, Traditional art
Learning Management System (LMS) Moodle: Unraveling Its Impact on Accounting Students’ Academic Performance
Authors: Jannah Raodahtul , Sari Nur Rahmah , Anwar Puspita Hardianti
Published: February 2024

The outbreak of covid-19 has caused significant changes in education sector, including the demand to conduct lectures with the assistance of technology. One of the worthly used technologies is the Learning Management System (LMS). This study aims to analyze student perception about factors affecting the use of LMS Moodle and how its use then affects their academic performance. This is a quantitative study adopting personal computer usage model and technology to performance chain model. This study involved 156 accounting students of an Islamic Sate University in Makassar, Indonesia. Data were obtained by questionnaire and analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) processed by AMOS. The result shows that of the four variable factors proposed, the task-technology fit factor did not show a positive effect on the use of LMS, while three other variables namely Facilitating Conditions, Social Factors, and Long-Term Consequences show a positive effect on the usage of LMS. Then, Task-Technology Fit and The Use of LMS have a positive effect on Accountant Student’s Academic Performance.Keywords: Accounting students, Academic performance, LMS, Technology
Exploring Perceptions of Pharmaceutical Vocational High School (VHS) Students toward the Importance of English for Their Future Career
Authors: Rosida Futia , Sujannah Wahyu Diny
Published: February 2024

Vocational High Schools (VHS) prepare their students to be ready to work in their fields after graduation. In this globalization era, understanding English will be beneficial and a plus point for the students when looking for a job. Thus, this descriptive qualitative research aimed to explore the perceptions of pharmaceutical VHS students regarding the significance of English for their future careers. The participants, consisting of eight twelfth-grade students who had high English scores and majored in Industrial Pharmacy, were interviewed and the findings revealed that they believed that English proficiency was crucial for their future careers as it helps in accessing international job opportunities and resources, benefiting from professional development and in-house training, and overcoming language barriers in a globalized world. Thus, it is suggested that the English curriculum should be tailored to meet the specific language needs of the pharmaceutical field and future research could explore the expectations of pharmaceutical industry employers regarding the English skills of job applicants.
Pela Gandong Among the Communities of Hatu, Haya, and Tehua in 1999-2000
Authors: Saimima Johan Robert , Eiromkuy Zakaria , Sinaga Rouli Retta Trifena
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This article aims to explain the Pela Gandong among the Christian community of Hatu Village, the Islamic community of Haya Village, and the Islamic community of Tehua Village during communal conflicts of 1999-2004 in Maluku, in Hatu Village exactly. Pela Gandong had functioned to prevent violence and maintain humanity among them because the three communities lived Pela Gandong as their cultural fraternity. This research uses a qualitative approach using literature study and interviews with Christian figures from the Christian community of Hatu Village. All the data about Pela Gandong is arranged through historical research methods (heuristic stage, criticism stage, auffassung stage, and darstellung stage). The results of this study are: (1) the history of the survival of the Christian community in Hatu Village in the midst of communal conflict which only lasted in 1999-2000, because the community with the two other villages lived in Pela Gandong; (2) the meaning of Pela Gandong as the integration of the three villages at that time, that was a pattern of relation fought among the three villages based on cultural fraternity manifested in various humanitarian activities reciprocally that united them despite their different religions, that contributing to the cessation of conflicts based on multidimensional issues; and (3) the importance of it’s preservation post-conflict. 

 

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas tentang Pela Gandong antara masyarakat Kristen di Desa Hatu, masyarakat Muslim di Desa Haya, dan masyarakat Muslim di Desa Tehua saat terjadinya konflik komunal tahun 1999-2004 di Maluku, khususnya di Desa Hatu. Pela Gandong telah berfungsi untuk mencegah kekerasan dan mempertahankan kemanusiaan di antara mereka, karena ketiga kelompok masyarakat tersebut menghidupi Pela Gandong sebagai persaudaraan kultural mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melakukan studi literatur dan wawancara dengan para tokoh masyarakat Kristen di Desa Hatu. Semua data mengenai Pela Gandong diolah dengan metode penelitian sejarah (“heuristic stage, criticism stage, auffassung stage, dan darstellung stage”). Hasil dari penelitian ini, yakni: (1) sejarah kelangsungan hidup masyarakat Kristen di Desa Hatu di tengah konflik komunal, yang memang hanya berlangsung pada tahun 1999-2000, karena masyarakat tersebut bersama dua desa lain tadi menghidupi Pela Gandong; (2) pemaknaan Pela Gandong sebagai integrasi ketiga desa saat itu yakni suatu pola relasi yang diperjuangkan antara tiga desa itu dengan berbasis pada persaudaraan secara kultural yang dimanifestasikan dalam berbagai kegiatan kemanusiaan secara resiprokal, yang mempersatukan mereka meski berbeda agama sehingga berkontribusi pada berhentinya konflik yang berbasis isu-isu multidimensional; serta (3) pentingnya pelestarian Pela Gandong pascakonflik.
The Influence of Counseling About Menopause on the Success of Self-Mental Treatment at the Dolo Community Health Center, Dolo District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Siyamti
Published: February 2024

There are so many cases of women experiencing psychological problems when facing menopause. When the woman cannot overcome her psychological condition, it will automatically affect her physical health condition. This requires health education in order to achieve self-mental treatment success. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of the influence of counseling about menopause on the success of self-mental treatment. This study used the pre-experiment method with pre-test and post-test experiments. The population studied were all women who were experiencing menopause at the Dolo Health Center, Dolo District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, using a purposive sampling technique, a sample of 70 respondents was obtained. The results of data analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test statistically obtained that Exact Sig. (2-tailed) p value < 0.05 then H_0 was rejected, and H_1 was accepted, meaning that there was an effect of counseling about menopause on the success of self-mental treatment at the Dolo Health Center, Dolo District. Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The counseling process occurs through knowledge transfer. Knowledge about menopause in women is very important because it will be the basis for carrying out an action including self-mental treatment. Increasing the implementation of self-mental treatment can encourage women to be more prepared in dealing with the symptoms of menopause that arise and can maintain their mental health.
KOMBINASI AUTOKEY CIPHER DAN TRANSPOSISI KOLOM DALAM MODEL SUPER ENKRIPSI
Authors: Handoko L. Budi , Umam Chaerul
Published: February 2024

Kriptografi modern dibangun berdasarkan banyak konsep yang diperkenalkan dalam kriptografi klasik. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi efektivitas penggunaan metode Autokey Cipher dan Transformasi Kolom dalam melindungi keamanan data sensitive. Tranposisi kolom merupakan jenis trabnsposisi cipher yang mudah dan sederhana. Dengan menerapkan metode enkripsi Autokey Cipher menggunakan kunci 'FIKUNGGUL' dan transformasi kolom dengan kunci 'JAYA', teks asli 'UDINUSSMG' berhasil diubah menjadi teks sandi yang kompleks dan sulit diprediksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kedua teknik kriptografi ini secara signifikan meningkatkan tingkat keamanan data terhadap serangan brute force dan akses tidak sah. Proses enkripsi dan dekripsi yang kompleks dari kedua metode kriptografi tersebut berhasil mencegah penyerang untuk dengan mudah mendapatkan akses ke informasi yang dilindungi, serta memberikan lapisan keamanan tambahan yang efektif.
Hambatan Self Care Management Diabetes Mellitus: Perspektif Sosial Budaya di Puskesmas Mandiangin Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Izzati Wisnatul , Wahyuni Ade Sry , Fitria Sanggita
Published: February 2024

Penyakit Diabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit yang masuk pada 10 daftar penyakit terbanyak di Indonesia dan jika tidak dikelola dengan baik dapat menyebabkan komplikasi. Penanganan saat ini yang dianggap tepat untuk permasalahan diabetes melitus adalah self care management. Self care management diabetes merupakan dasar atas keberhasilan dalam pengobatan diabetes melitus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami hambatan self care management diabetes melitus, perspektif sosial budaya di Puskesmas Mandiangin Kota Bukittinggi tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif fenomenologi. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 12 orang yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purfoseful sampling. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara dengan teknik semi structure interview. Teknik analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Collaizi. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan 4 tema yang berkaitan dengan hambatan self care management diabetes melitus dalam perspektif sosial budaya. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini didapatkan adanya hambatan informan dalam melakukan self care management dalam perspektif sosial budaya. Diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini pasien diabetes melitus dapat mempertahankan kepatuhan dalam  self care management.

Kata Kunci: Self-care, sosial-budaya, hambatan, diabetes
Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Kekerasan pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dalam Keluarga di Kelurahan Pasie Nan Tigo Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang
Authors: Sari Novita , Neherta Meri , Fajria Lili
Published: February 2024

Anak menjadi kelompok yang sangat rentan terhadap kekerasan  karena selalu diposisikan sebagai sosok lemah atau yang tidak berdaya. Dampak yang dialami oleh anak yang sering mengalami kekerasan mereka akan mengingat semua tindak kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh orang tuanya. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya kekerasan pada anak usia sekolah dalam keluarga di Kelurahan Pasie Nan Tigo Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional. Jumlah populasi 682 dan sampel sebanyak 252 responden secara Simple Random Sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik responden berdasarkan jenis kelamin perempuan (ibu) 182 responden (72,2%), berdasarkan usia berusia ?30 tahun 207 responden (82,1%) dan berdasarkan pekerjaan IRT 170 responden (67,4%). Berdasarkan faktor penyebab kekerasan pada anak disimpulkan bahwa responden berpengetahuan cukup tentang kejadian kekerasan pada anak 121 responden (48%), berpendidikan menengah (SMA/Sederajat) 162 responden (64,3%), memiliki sosial ekonomi rendah 151 responden (59,9%), memiliki lingkungan keluarga yang cukup baik sebanyak 110 responden (43,7%) menerapkan pola komunikasi yang kurang baik 199 responden (79%) dan yang ada melakukan kekerasan pada anak 197 responden (78%). Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan bagi orang tua mengenai kekerasan pada anak sehingga orang tua dapat merubah sikap untuk menghindari kejadian kekerasan pada anak.
Effectiveness of Ear Acupuncture Therapy and Behavioral Therapy in Children with ADHD
Authors: Dwijayanti Niken Arum , Haryanto Joko Tri , Badri Sholichan , Wardoyo Suwaji Handaru
Published: February 2024

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is one of the neurodevelopmental disorder. ADHD characterized by signs and symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsive. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of ear acupuncture therapy and behavioral therapy in children with ADHD. This research used Quasy Experimental Design with pretest and posttest design. This research was conducted in February-April 2023 at SLB Autis Alamanda and SLB Harmony Surakarta. The sample is children with ADHD who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample was divided into two groups, 15 children each group. Ear acupuncture therapy using earseeds at point zero, shenmen point, and liver point. Behavioral therapy using ABA method (Applied Behavioral Analysis). Data were analyzed using Independent Sample T-test. The result of this test showed that significance value is 0.849 (p > 0.05). The conclusion of this research is ear acupuncture therapy and behavioral therapy were not effective to decrease ADHD behavior in children at SLB Autis Alamanda and SLB Harmony Surakarta.
Pengaruh Teknik Hypnobirthing terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Nyeri Pada Persalinan : Literatur Review
Authors: Ulfah Siti Qomariyah , Lestari Yusri Dwi
Published: February 2024

Childbirth is a natural process that occurs in women with pain caused by uterine contractions. The high pain rate reaches 90% of mothers who give birth. Various actions and efforts have been made to reduce and reduce the level of pain in mothers, one of which is the hypnobirthing method. The purpose of this literature is to identify the effect of hypnobirthing on reducing pain levels in labor. This writer uses the method used in searching for articles is a literature review using the Google Scholar database, Science Direct, and Mendeley. The results of the article search were 654 articles identified from the database. After the screening process left 13 articles that could be assessed for feasibility. 3 out of 13 articles were excluded for some reason, leaving 10 articles to be included. The conclusion from this literature is that hypnobirthing has an effect on reducing pain levels in labor.
ANALYSIS OF APPLYING SURFACE WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY WHEN USING CHLORINE DIOXIDE AT WATER SUPPLY PLANTS
Authors: Mavrykin E. O.
Published: February 2024

The results of the conducted research made it possible to establish that in EU countries chlorine dioxide (CD) is more often used for secondary or final disinfection of drinking water. By-products of this process are chlorites and chlorates, which are subject to control in the drinking water of all EU countries. Aldehydes and carboxylic acids can also be formed in drinking water, which leads to a decrease in the microbiological stability of tap water. Ozonation and filtration using a carbon filter are used in the final stage of drinking water purification, which contributes to a significant reduction in the dose of CD and water contamination with toxic chlorites. In the case of pre-oxidation of water with sodium hypochlorite, the largest amount of chlorites and chlorates is formed, while in the case of using potassium permanganate for the same purpose, the need for CD and the amount of chlorites and chlorates in drinking water reduced. Chlorination of natural water that has undergone CD pre-oxidation leads to complete oxidation of the chlorites that have formed, increases the effectiveness of disinfection, and provides a bacteriostatic effect in the distribution network. During 2021-2022, when using CD for the treatment of drinking water at the Dniprovska WTP in Kyiv it was established that the process of treating natural water with CD is accompanied by the formation of its by-products, mainly toxic chlorites, the levels of which depend on the applied doses of CD and are the lowest in winter, while the largest ones are observed in summer and do not always reach regulatory values (0,2 mg/l) and range up to 0,7 mg/l, which corresponds to the WHO recommended standard for this substance in drinking water. Italian scientists focus their attention on the fact that during the first years of using CD at each water supply station, optimal conditions must be ensured for the safe and effective use of this reagent. Therefore, CD is becoming widespread in the EU countries and Ukraine for the treatment of tap drinking water; it is an alternative method of water effective disinfection at water supply stations with traditional surface water purification technology. Using such a method for treating surface water requires a preliminary pilot experiment and should be carried out along with an analysis of the feasibility of using the methods for preliminary and/or final purification of drinking water from organic substances and additional disinfection. Today, based on experimental and natural studies, it is relevant to expand knowledge about the properties of CD in the case of its use in drinking water supply for the treatment of surface water with a high content of organic substances.
EVALUATION OF POSSIBILITIES FOR USING ELECTROCHEMICALLY ACTIVATED WATER FOR IRRIGATION
Authors: Romashchenko M. I. , Konakov B. I. , Nikytiuk O. A. , Yarosh A. V.
Published: February 2024

In order to check the possibility of using electrochemically activated water (ECHAW) in irrigation, a study was conducted to determine the influence of anolyte on biological pollutants of wastewater and the reduction of water mineralization by electrochemical activation, as well as the influence of catholyte and anolyte on the germination of seeds of cereal crops, the development of seedlings of pepper and tomato, and the yield of tomato. The research was conducted in laboratory conditions on two varieties of pepper and four varieties of tomato. ECHAW was obtained using laboratory water activators of our own production. Wastewater samples were taken at the Bortnychy wastewater aeration station in Kyiv. Experiments were carried out using vegetation containers of various types and one-time bacteriological tests. It was found that by electrochemical activation of mineralized water it is possible to reduce the level of its total mineralization by more than 50% and, with an anolyte, to destroy disease-causing bacteria in wastewater. The use of ЕCHAW accelerates the germination of seeds of cereal crops. On the 3rd day of germination, wheat grain germinated using EHCAW has a 9% longer root length than the grain germinated under the same conditions using non-activated water. Wheat grain germinated using EHCAW also has 33% longer sprouts. The growth rate when irrigated with activated water, depending on the variety of tomato plants, increases by 9,8-25,2%, the increase in stem diameters was equal to 11,3-22,4%. The yield of tomatoes when irrigated with activated water is 12,6-15,8% higher than in the case of irrigation by ordinary water, the size of the fruits is 15,4-25,1% larger. The results of the conducted research indicate the possibility and perspective of using EHCAW to increase the yield of crops under irrigation and improving the quality of drainage and wastewater by reducing their mineralization and providing their disinfection.
TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF WATER REMOVAL TARIFFS ON DRAINED LANDS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Romashchenko M. I. , Panteleev V. P. , Saidak R. V.
Published: February 2024

The article highlights the main provisions of setting tariffs for water removal services for drainage. The application of tariffs is considered as an economic tool for increasing the efficiency of the use of drained lands when implementing the Strategy of Irrigation and Drainage in Ukraine [1]. An analysis of the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On the Organization of Water Users and Stimulation of Hydrotechnical Land Reclamation"[2] regarding the provision of water users with water removal services for drainage by water user organizations and the payment of services by water users by the established water removal tariff was carried out. Emphasis is placed on the priority of the efforts in the field of hydraulic reclamation, namely proper operation and restoration of the country's drainage systems. The main point of the study is to realize the role of the status of water users who use water bodies to meet the needs of agriculture. According to the current legislation of Ukraine, the methodology of tariff formation should be based on a single basis - both for water supply and water removal.

It is necessary to take into account the requirements of EU regulations regarding the consideration of the activities specifics in the field of water policy. Information on the development of water user organizations in Ukraine is provided and the operation costs of reclamation infrastructure facilities on the country's drainage systems are analyzed. The practice of foreign countries regarding the application of tariffs for water removal is given and the factors of the natural environment that were taken into account when selecting the option/options of water management in agriculture on drained lands of the country are outlined. The vision of researchers regarding the method of establishing and applying tariffs is given and a thorough assessment of the reasoning of scientists is provided. The areas for further research in the field of tariff formation for drainage are indicated. The base of tariff formation and methodical approaches to the formation of tariffs for water removal in the drainage area in Ukraine are proposed. The normative legal acts of Ukraine, the UN, EU bodies, the World Bank, data from scientific studies on tariff formation in agriculture on drained lands for 1991-2023, and administrative data were used as the main sources of information for the article.
The Resilience of Tortor Sirittak Hotang Simalungun Through The Development of Dance Learning Media
Authors: Sitti Rahmah  , Yusnizar  , Raden
Published: February 2024

Resilience in this research is intended to maintain Tortor Sirittak Hotang Simalungun by developing dance learning media, which is utilized primarily in the Unimed FBS Dance Education Study Program. This research aims to add reference material for teaching as well as an effort to maintain the traditional art of Simalungun dance, which is feared to be drifting away with the times, where today's young generation does not know or is not interested in learning traditional dance art. Tortor Sirittak Hotang is a typical Simalungun dance depicting the Simalungun people's work activities as rattan farmers. This activity inspired the people of Simalungun to create a dance (Tortor) that tells how people live in search of rattan (spiritual hosting). Tortor Sirittak Hotang began to appear around the 1990s at the Rondang Bintang Party. Tortor Sirittak Hotang is not yet widely known to the younger generation of Simalungun, nor has it attracted their interest in learning more about it. This digital technology-based Simalungun dance learning media product results from research and development (R&D). Data collection through needs analysis, literacy studies, and documentation. Data analysis was obtained by distributing questionnaires to validate research products. This research indicates that the Simalungun dance media product, validated by material and media validators, is very suitable for use as a dance learning media for FBS Unimed Dance Education Study Program students.
Evaluating Two Small Sample Corrections for Fixed-Effects Standard Errors and Inferences in Multilevel Models With Heteroscedastic, Unbalanced, Clustered Data
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Lai Mark H. C.
Published: February 2024

Multilevel modeling (MLM) is commonly used in psychological research to model clustered data. However, data in applied research usually violate one of the essential assumptions of MLM---homogeneity of variance. While the fixed-effect estimates produced by the maximum likelihood method remain unbiased, the standard errors for the fixed effects are misestimated, resulting in inaccurate inferences and inflated or deflated Type I error rates. To correct the bias in fixed effects standard errors and provide valid inferences, small-sample corrections such as the Kenward-Roger (KR) adjustment and the adjusted cluster-robust standard errors (CR-SEs) with the Satterthwaite approximation for $t$-tests have been used. The current study compares KR with random slope (RS) models and the adjusted CR-SEs with Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), random intercept (RI) and RS models to analyze small, heteroscedastic, clustered data using a Monte Carlo simulation. Results show the KR procedure with RS models has large biases and inflated Type I error rates for between-cluster effects in the presence of level-two heteroscedasticity. In contrast, the adjusted CR-SEs generally yield results with acceptable biases and maintain Type I error rates close to the nominal level for all examined models. Thus, when the interest is only in within-cluster effect, any model with the adjusted CR-SEs could be used. However, when the interest is to make accurate inferences of the between-cluster effect, researchers should use the adjusted CR-SEs with RS to have higher power and guard against unmodeled heterogeneity. We reanalyzed an example in Snijders & Bosker (2012) to demonstrate the use of the adjusted CR-SEs with different models.
The origin of Amniota in phylogenetic context
Authors: Marjanović David
Published: February 2024

The membership, phylogeny and external relationships of Amniota quickly achieved “textbook wisdom” status in the mid-1990s, but were all called into question by phylogenetic analyses in the last few years. However, all these analyses and all their predecessors have either focused on early limbed vertebrates and barely extended into Amniota, or focused on amniotes and included very few non-amniotes as outgroups. Here I take an analysis of the first type, perform corrections and updates, and enlarge its sample of amniotes and amniote-related characters (among other things) in order to test these matters. Despite its very high rates of homoplasy, my matrix supports all “microsaurs” as amphibians, perhaps even less close to Amniota than Seymouriamorpha. For Diadectomorpha its “classical” position on the stem of Pan-Amniota is weakly supported; this stem has, however, greatly expanded to include many supposed amniotes, among others the fish-scaled Brouffia. The recent finding of Petrolacosaurus outside Diapsida, indeed outside Amniota along with Captorhinidae, is—weakly—corroborated despite my quite different taxon and character samples. Caseasauria, normally considered part of Pan-Mammalia, is instead nested among the “parareptiles” within Sauropsida; Varanopidae, similarly traditionally placed among the pan-mammals, instead emerges in three separate sauropsid positions. A period of very small body size around the origin of the amniotic egg is not supported by the optimal trees, but trees that seem compatible with it are nearly optimal. Slightly worse trees allow for aïstopods as limbless anthracosaurs. The generally low support for the trees highlights specific needs for future research. Still, it appears that the recently proposed membership of many traditional “microsaurs” in Amniota can be excluded with reasonable confidence, as can a position of Anthracosauria crownward of Temnospondyli or a temnospondyl origin for any extant amphibians. Coding the temporal bone of “microsaurs” and other taxa as the tabular or the supratemporal has practically no effect.
How do We Process Prices? Electrophysiological Evidence of Componential Analysis
Authors: Ojedo Fernando , Macizo Pedro
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate if the processing of prices (e.g., 8 euro) involves separate analysis of the digit (8) and the monetary category (euro). Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded when participants performed a price comparison task in which a pair of prices was presented and they selected the one with higher monetary value. There were compatible comparisons where the digit and the monetary category of one price were higher than those of the other price (e.g., 7 euro - 4 cent, 7 > 4 and euro > cent), and incompatible comparisons where the number of one price was larger but the monetary category smaller than those of the other price (e.g., 4 euro - 7 cent, 4 < 7 but euro > cent). Compatibility effect modulated ERPs in the 350-450 ms time-window, with more negative amplitudes on incompatible trials relative to compatible trials. This pattern of results suggests that prices were processed in a componential manner, challenging the evidences of the holistic model. The results of this study agree with the general model framework for multi-symbol number comparison: the constituents of a multi-symbol magnitude are processed and compared to each other separately in a componential manner.
Unraveling the Intricacies of Curiosity: A Comprehensive Study of Its Measures in the Chinese Context
Authors: Tian Yan , Huang Qi , Liu Xianqing , Zhang Jiamin , Ye Yanghua , Wu Haiyan
Published: February 2024

Curiosity, as the strong desire to acquire new information, plays a crucial role in human behaviors. While recent research has delved into the effects, behavioral manifestations, and neural underpinnings of curiosity, the absence of standardized assessment tools for measuring curiosity may hinder advancements in this field. Here, we translate different curiosity scales into Chinese and test each translated scale by examining its reliability and structural validity. Our results show that the scores derived from these scales have comparable reliabilities to those original versions. We also find strong links between various types of curiosity in taxonomy and show that traits like impulsive sensation seeking, intolerance of uncertainty, and openness can jointly predict trait curiosity. Additionally, we confirm the social aspect of social curiosity, showing that loneliness partially mediates the relationship between social anxiety and social curiosity. The current study provides various verified Chinese-version curiosity scales and elucidates mechanisms of curiosity from different perspectives, which can promote curiosity research in the Chinese or cross-cultural context.
Emotion Regulation Training for Adolescents with Major Depression: Results from a Randomized-Controlled Trial
Authors: Zsigo Carolin , Feldmann Lisa , Oort Frans J. , Piechaczek Charlotte , Bartling Jürgen , Schulte-Rüther Martin , Wachinger Christian , Schulte-Körne Gerd , Greimel Ellen
Published: February 2024

Difficulties in emotion regulation (ER) are thought to contribute to the development and maintenance of major depression (MD) in adolescents. In healthy adults, a task-based training of ER has previously proven effective to reduce stress, but no such studies are available for MD. It is also unclear whether findings can be generalized onto adolescent populations. The final sample consisted of n = 70 adolescents with MD, who were randomized to a task-based ER training (n=36) or a control training (n=34). Across four sessions, the ER-group was trained to down-regulate negative affect to negative images via reappraisal, while the control group was instructed to attend the images. Rumination, stress- and affect-related measures were assessed as primary outcomes, behavioral and neurophysiological responses (late positive potential, LPP), as secondary outcomes. The trial was preregistered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03957850). While there was no significant differential effect of the ER training on primary outcomes, we found small to moderate effects on rumination in the ER-group, but not the control group. During reappraisal (compared to attend), the ER-group showed an unexpected increase of the LPP during the first, but not during later training sessions. Although replication in large, multi-center trials is needed, our findings on effect sizes suggest that ER training might be promising to decrease rumination in adolescent MD. The LPP increase at the first session may represent cognitive effort, which was successfully reduced over the sessions. Future studies should research whether training effects transfer to daily life and are durable over a longer time period.
Evidence for different visual processing strategy for non-face stimuli in developmental prosopagnosia
Authors: Lowes Judith , Hancock Peter , Bobak Anna K
Published: February 2024

We assembled a test battery to investigate developmental prosopagnosia (DP), a neurodevelopmental syndrome resulting in severe face recognition difficulties. To screen for general cognitive deficits that could explain poor face test performance, participants completed a fluid reasoning task using abstract shapes. This initial screening showed that DPs (n = 21) were more accurate than neurotypical controls (n = 90) but significantly slower, suggesting speed-accuracy trade-off. To address this, we calculated the Balanced Integration Score and found no group differences, highlighting that DPs clearly adopted a different strategy from controls. DPs’ longer response times (RT) on face tasks vs controls are commonly interpreted as evidence of impairment and of lengthy, atypical featural face processing. Our data suggest this interpretation may be unreliable since clear RT differences were also observed in two non-face tasks where DPs showed no accuracy impairment. Instead, slower RTs appear to reflect a strategy shift in DPs.
Inconclusive evidence for within-individual increasing effects of income on self-esteem: A reanalysis and comment on Bleidorn et al. (2023)
Authors: Sorjonen Kimmo , Melin Marika , Melin Bo
Published: February 2024

In a recent study, researchers analyzed data from the Dutch Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences (LISS, N > 4,000) with a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) and concluded that increases in self-esteem are a function of previous increases in income. However, our analyses of person-mean centered scores in the same sample revealed no within-individual increasing effects. Consequently, it appears premature to assume a within-individual increasing effect of income on self-esteem. It is important for researchers to be cognizant of potential bias in RI-CLPM and we advocate validation of identified effects through analyses of person-mean centered scores.
Does Effort Increase or Decrease Reward Valuation? Considerations from Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Authors: Harmon-Jones Eddie , Matis Sophie , Angus Douglas Jozef , Harmon-Jones Cindy
Published: February 2024

The present research tested the effect of manipulated perceived control (over obtaining the outcomes) and effort on reward valuation using the event-related potential known as the Reward Positivity (RewP). This test was conducted in an attempt to integrate two research literatures with opposite findings: Effort justification occurs when high effort leads to high reward valuation, whereas effort discounting occurs when high effort leads to low reward valuation. Based on an examination of past methods used in these literatures, we predicted that perceived control and effort would interactively influence RewP. Consistent with the effort justification literature (cognitive dissonance theory), when individuals have high perceived control, high effort should lead to more reward valuation than low effort should. Consistent with the effort discounting literature, when individuals have low perceived control, low effort should lead to more reward valuation than high effort should. Results supported these interactive and integrative predictions.