bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Malaria Case Surveillance System in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa, 2022: A focus on DHIS2
Authors: Mabona Maxwell , Zwane Thembekile , Raman Jaishree , Kuonza Lazarus , Mhlongo Babongile , Bapela Poncho
Published: September 2023

Background South Africa set a target to eliminate malaria by 2023, with KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province the malaria-endemic province closest to achieving this goal. Objective two of the National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan (NMESP) focused on strengthening surveillance systems to support the country’s elimination efforts. Regular evaluations of the malaria surveillance systems against the targets of the NMESP objective are crucial in improving the system's performance and impact. This study aimed to assess whether the malaria surveillance system in KwaZulu-Natal Province meets the NMESP surveillance objective and goals. Methodology: A mixed-methods cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the malaria surveillance system, focusing on the District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2). The study assessed the data quality, timeliness, simplicity, and acceptability of the system. Key personnel from the KZN Province malaria control program were interviewed using self-administered questionnaires to evaluate their perception of the system's simplicity and acceptance. Malaria case data from January 2016 to December 2020 were extracted from the DHIS2 and evaluated for data quality and timeliness. Results The survey respondents generally found DHIS2 acceptable (79%, 11/14) and easy to use (71%, 10/14), stating that they could readily find, extract, and share data (64%, 9/14). Overall data quality was good (88.9%), despite some variables having low completeness and data availability. However, case notifications were not timely, with only 61% (2,622/4,329) of cases reported within 24 hours. During the 5-year study period, the DHIS2 captured 4,333 malaria cases. The majority of cases (81%, 3,489/4,330) were categorized as imported, mostly from Mozambique, while the majority of patients (67%, 2,914/4,333) were male. Conclusion The malaria surveillance system largely met the NMESP surveillance strategic goals, but it fell short of the overarching surveillance objective of achieving 100% notification of cases within 24 hours. The majority of reported cases in KZN Province are imported from neighboring countries. Engaging with healthcare professionals responsible for case notification is crucial to improve notification timeliness.
Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Anaphylaxis to Local Anesthetics in Dental Practice: A Latin American Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cherrez-Ojeda Ivan , Gallardo-Bastidas Juan C. , Borrero Gabriela Rouillon , Silva Paola Andrea Mena , Sarfraz Zouina , Sarfraz Azza , Cano Leonardo , Robles-Velasco Karla
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study aims to assess Latin American dentists' knowledge, preparedness, and competency in managing anaphylactic reactions to LAs.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a web-based survey from November 2021 to February 2022 targeting board-certified dentists in various Latin American countries. The survey comprised 26 structured questions focused on demographic information, knowledge, and attitudes toward anaphylaxis. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were performed in Stata 17.0.
Results: The majority of respondents (81.9%) were from Ecuador with a mean age of 35 years and an average of 10 years of professional experience. Lidocaine was the most frequently used local anesthetic (88.1%). While 85.2% could identify dyspnea as a symptom of anaphylaxis, only 50.1% knew the correct route for epinephrine administration, and just 43.5% had epinephrine in their emergency kits. Confidence in managing anaphylactic reactions was low (9.6%). Regional comparisons indicated no significant differences in knowledge and attitudes, except professionals from Ecuador displayed more confidence in managing anaphylaxis (P=0.002). In multivariate regression, older age was inversely related to both knowledge of anaphylaxis management and the possession of epinephrine (P=0.003 and P=0.0001, respectively).
Conclusion: There is a significant gap in the knowledge and preparedness of Latin American dentists concerning anaphylaxis management.
Clinical Relevance: The study's findings underscore the need for educational interventions to improve the understanding and readiness of dental professionals in handling anaphylactic emergencies and ultimately improving patient safety in dental practice.
A secure user authentication scheme for crypto-wallet in Iot environment
Authors: Truong Toan-Thinh , Tran Minh-Triet , Duong Anh-Duc
Published: September 2023

As 4.0-revolution makes a extraordinary affect on the way we work in numerous areas, data security is still one of the issues that continuously get extraordinary considerations. Presently, the prevalent environment is internet of things (Iot) since it can connect a huge number of diﬀerent gadgets in an increasingly wide range, and this leads to the risk of information leakage. Besides, the field of crypto-currency is a hot topic with a lot of sophisticated thefts, so the progressively utilization of crypto-wallets should protect the transactions from hurt. Clearly, Iot could bea promising and challenging environment for quick and secure crypto-currency exchanges. Recently, Lee et al proposed a three-factor anonymous user authentication scheme for Iot, and this is an improved result from Dhillon and Kalra’s work. In 2023, Wang et al also proposed a lightweight mutual and transitive authentication mechanism for Iot network. All works are builtfrom highly reliable formal analysis, but we discovered some limitations such as replays or privileged insider attacks in their works. In addition, we propose a secure improvement to provide time-efciency, reasonable energy-consumption as well as more suitable for crypto-wallet applications in Iot environment.
Coordination challenges in wind energy development: Lessons from cross-case positive planning approaches to avoid multi-level governance ‘free-riding’
Authors: Weber Jessica
Published: September 2023

Achieving national renewable energy targets presents multi-level governance challenges, such as uneven progress and discrepancies arising from varying subordinate specifications and incentives on wind energy development. Governments have commenced adopting ‘positive planning’ that aim to integrate energy targets with spatial and land use planning, yet detailed discussions regarding wind energy development remain scarce. This paper assesses three cases in Germany and Sweden within criteria-based explanatory case studies to provide planners and policy makers with knowledge on key factors, lessons learned, and challenges. Positive planning appears to center on a strong energy target focus, limited space, and a balanced approach, shaped by the socio-political context. While Germany more recently embraces positive planning, Sweden started ambitiously on a national level but encounters policy and planning challenges. Planning agencies play an important role in promoting wind energy targets at mid-scale levels; however, legally binding targets matter. Striking a balance between energy targets and addressing land use concerns without disregarding them requires managing a delicate trade-off. Early communication and inter-agency collaboration, as seen in Sweden, might facilitate identifying compromises, navigating trade-off between species protection and renewable energy and offering municipal incentives. Nonetheless, satisfactory spatial trade-offs for long-term proof of concept remains a challenge.
Digitaler Ableismus im Feld der Bildung
Authors: Walgenbach Katharina
Published: September 2023

Ausgangspunkt des Beitrags ist die These, dass es für die Beantwortung der Frage nach der Genese und Persistenz digitaler Ungleichheits- und Diskriminierungsprozesse im Feld der Bildung notwendig ist, auch die damit einhergehenden hierarchisierten Fähigkeitsordnungen im digitalen Raum zu untersuchen. Im Durchgang durch sechs Thesen wird in diesem Beitrag der Analysebegriff des ‹Digitalen Ableismus› entwickelt, der einen Perspektivwechsel auf Fähigkeitspräferenzen und Fähigkeitsprivilegien vornimmt. Unter Digitalem Ableismus wird dabei verstanden, dass digitale Angebote auf eine als homogen angenommene Nutzergruppe kalibriert sind, womit eine einseitige Präferenzsetzung und Hierarchisierung von als ‹normal› oder ‹natürlich› angesehenen Fähigkeiten einhergeht. Die Verantwortung für die Nutzbarkeit digitaler Technologien wird dabei den Usern zugeschrieben, anstatt den Institutionen oder Anbietern. In seinen zeitlichen Formen ist der Digitale Ableismus durch eine nachträgliche Bereitstellung technischer Problemlösungen gekennzeichnet. In seinen Handlungsschemata ist er reaktiv, additiv und individualisierend ausgerichtet, was zu digitalen Ausschlüssen und Ungleichheiten führt.
Herkunftsbedingte und sprachliche Einflüsse bei der häuslichen Internetnutzung von Kindern
Authors: Richter Lea , Gruchel Nicole , Buhl Heike M. , Kamin Anna-Maria
Published: September 2023

Der Beitrag betrachtet die digitale häusliche Lernumwelt von Kindern unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Differenzkategorien Herkunft und Sprache und erarbeitet Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Migrationshintergrund, der Familiensprache, einer internetbezogenen Eltern-Kind-Interaktion sowie einer unterhaltungs- und schulbezogenen Nutzung des Internets von Kindern. Empirische Grundlagen sind standardisierte Eltern- und Kinderbefragungen sowie ethnografisch orientierte Untersuchungen in Familien. Die quantitativen Analysen zeigen, dass Kinder, deren Hauptverkehrssprache in der Familie nicht Deutsch ist, häufiger gemeinsam mit ihren Eltern das Internet nutzten. Vertiefend liessen in der qualitativen Untersuchung diejenigen Kinder häufigere und komplexere Internetnutzungsformen für schulische Zwecke erkennen, die einen Migrationshintergrund aufweisen und hauptsächlich in ihrer Herkunftssprache (nicht Deutsch) innerhalb der Familie sprechen. Insbesondere in Familien, die selten in der Häuslichkeit Deutsch sprechen, hat sich die (gemeinsame) Internetrecherche als Mittel zur Kompensation von Sprachbarrieren erwiesen. Fehlende elterliche Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten aufgrund von sprachlichen Verständnisproblemen können insofern durch kindliche, elterliche oder gemeinsame Rechercheprozesse ausgeglichen werden.
Einführung in die Messung digitaler Kompetenzen im Alter
Authors: Weinhold Niklas , Barczik Kristina , Jokisch Mario , Doh Michael , Göbl Linda
Published: September 2023

Digitale Kompetenzen nehmen infolge einer voranschreitenden Mediatisierung aller Alters- und Lebensbereiche eine zunehmend wichtige Rolle für die soziale und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe ein. Besonders ältere Generationen stehen hier vor grossen Herausforderungen, da sie durch ihre Medienbiografie andere Voraussetzungen für die kompetente Nutzung mit sich bringen. Unterstützung wird mittlerweile durch eine Vielzahl von formellen und informellen Bildungsangeboten für ältere Erwachsene geboten, die auf eine Stärkung digitaler Kompetenzen abzielen. Um die Wirksamkeit dieser Bildungsformate zu prüfen, bedarf es einer Messung digitaler Kompetenzen, die allerdings vielerorts nicht hinreichend evaluiert wird. Mitunter fehlt es für diese Personengruppe an theoretisch-konzeptionell abgeleiteten und empirisch-methodisch validen Messinstrumenten. Die Autor:innengruppe des Beitrags hat sich deshalb seit März 2022 zusammengefunden und aktuelle Modelle digitaler Kompetenz sowie darauf aufbauende Messinstrumente diskutiert. Eine Übersicht hierüber soll in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt werden. Aus forschungsprojektbedingtem Evaluationsbedarf wurde im Verlauf ein bereits bestehendes Messinstrument (DigCompSAT auf Grundlage des Digital Competence Framework for Citizens, DigComp) so überarbeitet, dass ein erster Versuch für reduziertes und reliables Messinstrument zur Evaluation digitaler Kompetenzen älterer Erwachsener vorgeschlagen werden kann, welches weiterer Prüfung und Verbesserung bedarf.
Effect of Fertilizer Rate, Substrate, and Container Type on Greenhouse Production of Sandhill Milkweed
Authors: Campbell-Martínez Gabriel , Thetford Mack , Miller Debbie , Wilson Sandra , Gómez Celina
Published: September 2023

Sandhill milkweed [Asclepias humistrata (Walter)] is important for monarch butterfly [Danaus plexippus (L.)] conservation efforts, yet precise cultivation practices are largely not available. We tested the effects of three fertilizer rates and four substrate types and four container types on the performance of sandhill milkweed during greenhouse production. Seedlings fertilized with a high (0.90 g per 48-cell container) controlled-release fertilizer rate of 15N–3.9P–10.0K (15–9–12 Osmocote® Plus) had reduced performance compared with low and medium fertilizer rates (0.34 and 0.56 g per 48-cell container, respectively). Seedlings grown in large containers (∼175 mL including standard 32-cell liners and tall tree-tubes) outperformed seedlings grown in small containers (∼100 mL including standard 48-cell liners and short tree tubes). A transplant ready plant can be produced for spring within 16 weeks when seeds are sown in early January. Although sandhill milkweed seedlings can be grown under various fertilizer rates and in various containers and substrates, seedlings grown in tall tree tubes in a peat-based mix (Sunshine Mix) outperformed a nursery standard substrate and two wood fiber substrates. We recommend growing plants in a peat-based substrate within tall tree tube containers and applying a medium fertilizer rate.
Pine Straw Mulch Depth Modulates Soil Conditions
Authors: Abdi Damon E. , Fields Jeb S. , Beasley Jeffrey
Published: September 2023

Mulching landscape beds is a common task for landscapers seeking to affect soil conditions and reduce weed pressure. This study investigated the effects of three pine (Pinus sp.) straw mulch depths (5, 10, and 15 cm) on soil moisture/temperature modulation during late winter/spring. No differences in soil volumetric water content were observed; however, increasing mulch depth to ≥10 cm decreased fluctuations in temperature. This research provides a better understanding of the effect of mulch depth and potential environmental benefits so that landscape contractors can determine cost-benefits of mulching applications.
Underload work and Challenging Work: Overcoming Boredom among Millennials
Authors: Rihhandini Don Ozzy , Parahyanti Endang
Published: September 2023

The research aimed to explore the moderation role of challenge in the relationship between underload work and boredom at work, especially among millennial employees. As part of the current productive age and some had even occupied essential positions in the company, millennials had characteristics that were easier to get bored than other generations, which could increase millennials’ vulnerability to feeling bored at work. Therefore, a special strategy was needed to deal with boredom among millennials to maintain company productivity and psychophysical health in millennials. The research involved 327 millennials employee in Indonesia aged 23-40. Data were collected from December 2021 – January 2022 via a Google Form. The data were analyzed using simple moderation by PROCESS Hayes. The findings show that boredom can be predicted by three underload work variables: perception of underload work, the expectation of workload, and desire for the workload. The moderation role of challenge can only be found to reduce the effect of underload work perception on boredom but not on workload expectation or workload desire. Based on this result, it can be concluded that seeking challenges or adding responsibilities at work can prevent boredom among employees who perceive low workloads in their current state. As a result, organizations must provide employees with the opportunity and support to take on new challenges at work. Employees must also be proactive in seeking new challenges to avoid boredom.
Institutional Dynamics of Halal Tourism Development in Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Musthofa Budiman Mahmud , Pranita Diaz , Rasul Mohamad Sattar , Haidlir Banu Muhammad
Published: September 2023

In the context of Southeast Asia, Muslim-majority nations Indonesia and Malaysia had pioneered the development of halal tourism. Nevertheless, Malaysia has outperformed Indonesia in cultivating its halal tourism industry. The research sought to investigate the political economy factors contributing to this discrepancy. The research posited that the emergence of Islamic identity, the intensification of Islam’s politicization, and the varying degrees of capitalizing on Islamic values are three crucial determinants influencing the relative success of Malaysia’s halal tourism industry compared to Indonesia’s. Firstly, the perception of Islamic identity in Malaysia is less threatening compared to that in Indonesia. Secondly, the politicization of Islam is less pronounced in Malaysia than in Indonesia. To examine these assertions, the research utilized a methodological blend of primary and secondary data, incorporating interviews with policymakers and stakeholders of halal tourism in both countries. In addition to identifying the critical factors shaping the development of halal tourism, the research contributed by offering several recommendations concerning the innovative aspect of halal tourism branding. It was argued that within the growth of halal tourism in a nation, debates surrounding the emergence of Islamic identity in aspects of halal tourism can potentially obstruct the advancement of cultural tourism commodities. Consequently, the research enhances our understanding of the complex interplay between political economy factors and the evolution of halal tourism from an academic perspective.
Impacto da diplomacia econômica nas exportações do Paraguai durante o período de 2000-2019
Authors: García Recalde Marcia Lorena , Cabral López María Antonella
Published: September 2023

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo, identificar o impacto da diplomacia econômica sobre asexportações do Paraguai durante o período de 2000 a 2019. Para a obtenção desses dados,foi utilizado um modelo gravitacional, com dados de seção transversal. Foi consideradauma amostra de 15 países, priorizando os parceiros comerciais do Paraguai com níveismais altos de exportações e escritórios diplomáticos. Uma das principais descobertas foique a diplomacia econômica teve um impacto determinante sobre as exportações. Damesma forma, entre outras conclusões, destacou-se a importância de aprofundar o trabalhodiplomático como uma estratégia para colaborar na expansão das exportações.
ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION STRUCTURE
Authors: Zilli Júlio César , De Sá Freire Patrícia
Published: September 2023

Innovation needs a structure based on paradigmatic values that allow the transmutation of an organization towards the survival into an organization ready to learn. To understand this context, it was performed a theoretical rereading, constructing a parallel between the structure of scientific revolutions to the progress of science and the innovation structures for organizational development. This applied qualitative approach can be considered as an exploratory descriptive of bibliographic order. This study goes beyond the discussion of the technological paradigm for the understanding of the innovation and people paradigms, building, in the end, innovation structure framework, which promotes the understanding of internal organizational processes that cause the necessary state of crisis for the creation, implementation and acceptance of innovation. The proposed framework is a relevant tool to the understanding of organizational behavior and development in the different processes of innovation, whether incremental, distinctive or radical ones.
INCENTIVOS FISCAIS E INOVAÇÕES TECNOLÓGICAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Pereira Valadão Marcos Aurélio , Teodorovicz Jeferson , Angelotti Meira Liziane , Miranda Tabak Benjamin
Published: September 2023

O presente trabalho apresenta algumas concepções sobre recentes mudanças no perfil da literatura e do próprio direito tributário acerca das relações entre tecnologia, inovação e políticas públicas tributárias, especialmente aquelas ligadas à renúncia de receita, em outras palavras, os benefícios fiscais. Adotar-se-á como proposta metodológica a premissa hipotético-dedutiva, assim como ferramenta metodológica o levantamento bibliográfico e documental, assumindo o pressuposto de que a concepção de incentivos fiscais para a inovação e tecnologia decorre de processo evolutivo teórico e normativo, que se liga a fatores históricos (nacionais e internacionais), a partir da década de noventa do século XX, mas com maior força nos primeiros anos do século XXI. Por isso, serão analisadas as principais iniciativas (legislativas e teóricas) sobre o assunto nesse período, bem como suas importantes repercussões. Contudo, tudo indica que apesar das diversas iniciativas legislativas e ações de governo o País não obteve o desenvolvimento esperado no setor de inovação.
PERFIL DE AUTORES E COAUTORES DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA EM GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO KM BRASIL
Authors: Feitoza Rayan Aramís de Brito , Paiva Eliane Bezerra , Duarte Emeide Nóbrega
Published: September 2023

Os estudos de uso da informação são importantes para caracterização de determinado público de usuários da informação, seja ela científica, acadêmica, organizacional, do contexto social, entre outros. Assim, a necessidade de compreender o atual perfil de autores e coautores que pesquisam em evento sobre o domínio Gestão do Conhecimento é cada vez mais importante para o seu status e (re)conhecimento de seu impacto na sociedade. Esta pesquisa objetiva caracterizar os autores e coautores da produção científica nos anais do KM Brasil 2016 e 2018, a fim de traçar o perfil desses usuários de informações científicas e acadêmicas que vêm contribuindo para o desenvolvimento teórico e prático da gestão do conhecimento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, do tipo documental, por meio do método indireto. Para coletar os dados, utiliza os anais do Congresso Brasileiro em Gestão do Conhecimento – KM Brasil, o currículo da Plataforma Lattes e o Escavador. Adota a análise de conteúdo como técnica de análise e interpretação dos dados. Identifica o gênero, o vínculo institucional, a produtividade dos pesquisadores, a tipologia dos autores e dos coautores e as fontes de informação mais utilizadas. Constata a predominância da comunidade acadêmica e universitária (grupo de usuários classificados como estudantes e pesquisadores) no KM Brasil, em todas as categorias analisadas, e conclui que esse grupo se sustenta com pesquisas teóricas e práticas em gestão do conhecimento e seus subtemas (inovação, tecnologia, sistemas de informação, entre outros) nas pesquisas científicas e nas práticas organizacionais.
MODELO PARA MEDIR RELAÇÕES INTERINSTITUCIONAIS ESTRATÉGICAS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO ORGANIZACIONAL
Authors: Riedo Ijean Gomes , Francisco Humberto Rodrigues , Feiden Aldi
Published: September 2023

Questão de estudo: O quanto o modelo mensura as relações interinstitucionais da piscicultura brasileira? Para tanto, foram utilizadas como referencial teórico as seguintes teorias: Hélice Tríplice e Comportamento Planejado. Desenho/metodologia/abordagem – O corte transversal foi realizado em três momentos do Evento International Fish Congress, em 2021, na cidade de Foz do Iguaçu/PR. A população pesquisada foi composta por 328 participantes da indústria, universidade e governo. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário com 18 questões com escala Likert. A contribuição é a proposição de modelagem estatística entre a teoria da Hélice Tríplice e a Teoria do Comportamento Planejado. A construção final do modelo utilizou seis análises estatísticas. Os resultados permitiram sugerir um modelo de estratégias interinstitucionais para a piscicultura brasileira. O resultado final foi que o modelo possibilita mensurar os comportamentos interinstitucionais para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de mercado.
EVOLUÇÃO CONCEITUAL DO TERMO ECOSSISTEMA DE INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Francisco Thiago Henrique Almino , Zanoni Iara Zaccaron , Feiden Bruna , Vefago Yuri Borba
Published: September 2023

A falta de consistência teórica em relação à terminologia do ecossistema de inovação produz uma teoria muito fragmentada e diversificada, que não garante consolidação do conhecimento. Dessa forma, através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura indexada na base de dados Web of Science de 2017 a 2022, este trabalho se propôs a verificar o atual panorama publicações a respeito dos conceitos atribuídos ao ecossistema de inovação. Primeiro, mostramos um panorama de publicações a respeito da conceituação dos ecossistemas, abordando os anos, as revistas e os autores mais representativos. Em seguida trouxemos um quadro conceitual a respeito dos ecossistemas que foram abordados nesses últimos cinco anos, juntamente com uma discussão cronológica da evolução do ecossistema de negócios e inovação, trazendo os principais termos usados e as similaridades e disparidades entre eles.
Current Perspectives of Matrix Metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11) as a Diagnostic
and Therapeutic Target for Cancer
Authors: Shobana Asokan , Deeksha Remella Venkata , Rahman Syed Ali Abdul , Thangaswamy Tiviya , Oviya Revathi Paramasivam , Gopisetty Gopal
Published: September 2023

Matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11), also known as stromelysin-3, is a member of the
matrix metalloproteinases family of proteins that are involved in physiological and pathological extracellular
matrix remodelling. MMP11 does not hydrolyse classical MMP substrates, such as laminin
and fibronectin, and many of its substrates remain unknown, piquing the interest of researchers. Several
studies have reported the role of MMP11 in inducing tumour growth by inhibiting apoptosis and
promoting cancer cell migration and invasion. Various reports have shown its potential as a diagnostic
and prognostic marker in a majority of cancers. MMP11 also induces an immune response as a
tumour-associated antigen, and recent evidence shows the involvement of many microRNAs in targeting
MMP11 in cancer, with prospective future applications in cancer immunotherapy and gene
silencing. Owing to the importance of MMP11 in both cancer diagnosis and therapy, there is a need
for deeper understanding of its mechanism and role in tumour progression. The current review focuses
on the role of MMP11 in cell signalling pathways, its expression status in various cancers, and its
potential in cancer treatment.
Real-world Safety and Effectiveness of Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL in
Participants with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus During the Period of Ramadan
in Four Countries (Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey): A Prospective
Observational Study
Authors: Hassanein Mohamed , Shaltout Inass , Malek Rachid , Assaad  Khalil Samir , Ballout Hajar , Annabi Firas , Shereen Mark
Published: September 2023

Aim:

This non-interventional observational study aimed to describe the clinical outcomes of patients with T2DM treated with Gla-300 during the period of Ramadan.

Background:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who decide to fast during the holy month of Ramadan face several challenges in achieving glycemic control without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. Insulin glargine-300 (Gla-300) has well-established safety and efficacy in improving glycemic control in multiple randomized clinical trials (RCTs). However, limited evidence is available regarding its safety and effectiveness during fasting.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the safety and clinical outcomes of insulin glargine-300 (Gla-300) in T2DM patients before, during, and after Ramadan.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective, observational, non-comparative, multicenter study on patients with T2DM currently treated with Gla-300 who planned to fast and continue on Gla-300 during Ramadan in four countries (Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey). The study outcomes included the change in glycemic parameters and incidence of hypoglycemia before, during, and after Ramadan.

Results:

One hundred and forty T2DM patients were included. Nearly 61% of the included patients had a duration of diabetes of <10 years. The mean Gla-300 daily doses during the pre-Ramadan, Ramadan, and post-Ramadan periods were 22.2 ±7.4, 20.4 ±7.5, and 22.5 ±4.7 IU, respectively. The mean change values from pre-Ramadan to Ramadan and post-Ramadan were -1.7 ±6.9 IU and 0.5 ±4.7 IU, respectively, among the included patients. The mean HbA1c decreased during the study period initiating from 7.9 ±1.4% pre-Ramadan to 6.9 ±0.4% post-Ramadan. The overall HBA1c target value was 6.9 ±0.4%, while the HbA1c target was achieved by 29 patients (21.9%). The mean fasting blood glucose (FPG) showed a reduction from baseline value in the post-Ramadan period by -0.9 ±2.3mmol/L. Five patients (3.57%) had symptomatic documented hypoglycemia during Ramadan, and none was considered to have severe hypoglycemia.

Conclusion:

Our study showed that insulin Gla-300 maintained the glycemic control of T2DM patients who decided to fast during the holy month of Ramadan without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. Regular self-monitoring of blood glucose levels during Ramadan is highly recommended to avoid possible complications.
Potential use of Acrocomia aculeata Pulp Oil in the Modulation of Chronic
Non-communicable Diseases, Especially in Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: de Souza Cazarim Maurílio , Aleixo Davi Trombini , da Cruz-Cazarim Estael Luzia Coelho , Abd El-Salam Mohamed A. , Pittella Frederico
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

The fruit oil from Acrocomia aculeata (Macauba or Bocaiuva) is highly rich in antioxidants and other bioactive compounds, emerging as a natural source of high potential for the modulation of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), like diabetes. Its effects on chronic NCDs are poorly studied yet. Our review aimed to evaluate the therapeutic results of pharmaceutical preparations containing Acrocomia aculeata pulp oil that are used for chronic NCDs.

Method:

A search was performed using PICO acronyms in English, Portuguese, and Spanish languages in the MEDLINE®, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, LILACs, and CENTRAL Cochrane Library databases. The degree of agreement for selection and eligibility was significant (Kappa= 0.992; 95% CI: 0.988-0.996). The difference between the intervention and control groups for blood glucose reduction was 63.5 ± 69.5 mg/dL (p<0.0001).

Result:

Overall, an improvement percentage of 55.1 ± 0.1 was observed for the variables associated with chronic NCDs, which represented 89.96% of the relative risk reduction (efficacy).

Conclusion:

The Acrocomia aculeate pulp oil exhibited promising results in experimental studies for glycemic control and reduction of a specific tumor, indicating a good potential to be explored for chronic NCDs treatment.
Formulation and Evaluation of Cola acuminata Gum-based Mucoadhesive Sustained-release Matrix Tablets of Diclofenac Sodium
Authors: Bamigbola Emmanuel Adelaja , Attama Anthony Amaechi , Kenechukwu Franklin Chimaobi , Oraeluno Jude Nkemjika
Published: September 2023

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate Cola acuminata gum (CAG) for the formulation of
mucoadhesive sustained-release matrix tablets of diclofenac sodium.

Methods:

Different batches of granules containing CAG and 100 mg of DS in ratios 0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1,
and 3:1 were prepared, compressed into tablets, and evaluated for mucoadhesive strength, swelling index,
and drug release in SGF (pH 1.2) and SIF (pH 7.4).

Results:

Swelling indices and mucoadhesive strengths of the tablets were pH-dependent. Swelling indices
of 56 + 2.03 to 121 + 2.19% and mucoadhesive strengths of 7.25 + 1.45 to 15.43 + 2.71 g/cm2
obtained at pH 7.4 were significantly higher (p<0.05) than swelling indices of 25 + 2.43 to 47 + 3.15%
and mucoadhesive strengths of 5.52 + 0.76 to 9.22 + 1.95 g/cm2 obtained at pH 1.2. The percentage
release of DS from the matrix tablets at pH 1.2 after 2 h (T2h) was insignificant. However, the percentage
of drug release at pH 7.4 was significant for all the batches and dependent on the CAG concentration.
The drug release was in the order of batches containing 3 g (80.44 + 7.75) < 2 g (86.35 + 5.65) <
1 g (90.08 + 6.14) < 0.5 g (99.70 + 3.90). The time for maximum drug release was 7 h (T7h) for CAG
containing 0.5 g and 10 h (T10h) for other batches.

Conclusion:

This study showed that CAG could be useful for mucoadhesive sustained drug delivery.
Implementasi 6D Building Information Modelling (BIM) pada Saluran Pengelak Bendungan Margatiga dengan Aplikasi Civil 3D dan HEC-RAS 2D
Authors: Fawji Muhammad Fahmi , Cahya Evi Nur , Dermawan Very
Published: September 2023

Building information modelling (BIM) mulai diterapkan dalam kegiatan kontruksi di Indonesia, salah satunya pada pekerjaan saluran pengelak di Bendungan Margatiga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan contoh penerapan BIM pada kontruksi saluran pengelak bendungan yang menerapkan tingkatan BIM pada level 3D BIM berupa pemodelan tiga dimensi menggunakan Civil 3D dan 6D untuk menganalisa dampak pada lokasi kontruksi saluran pengelak bendungan berupa aliran banjir dengan aplikasi HEC-RAS. Dari perhitungan Q10 sebesar 789,10 m3/s menghasilkan model 3D BIM pada Civil 3D dengan lebar saluran 31 meter, tinggi 5 meter, serta kemiringan talud 2. Hal tersebut dapat menahan aliran banjir Q10 dan Q25 di Sungai Way Sekampung. Pada saluran pengelak terjadi aliran subkritis dengan kecepatan tertinggi 2,01 m/s dan dapat mereduksi banjir sebesar 22% untuk Q10 dan 21% untuk Q25. Hasil model 3D BIM tersebut selanjutnya diekstrak, kuantitas volume pekerjaannya melalui Civil 3D sebesar 148.994 m3 untuk pekerjaan galian tanah dan untuk 11.259 m3 untuk timbunan tanah.
The Reporting and Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews Underpinning Clinical Practice Guidelines Focused on the Management of Cutaneous Melanoma: Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Khalid Mahnoor , Sutterfield Bethany , Minley Kirstien , Ottwell Ryan , Abercrombie McKenna , Heath Christopher , Torgerson Trevor , Hartwell Micah , Vassar Matt
Published: September 2023

Background

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) inform evidence-based decision-making in the clinical setting; however, systematic reviews (SRs) that inform these CPGs may vary in terms of reporting and methodological quality, which affects confidence in summary effect estimates.

Objective

Our objective was to appraise the methodological and reporting quality of the SRs used in CPGs for cutaneous melanoma and evaluate differences in these outcomes between Cochrane and non-Cochrane reviews.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis by searching PubMed for cutaneous melanoma guidelines published between January 1, 2015, and May 21, 2021. Next, we extracted SRs composing these guidelines and appraised their reporting and methodological rigor using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and AMSTAR (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) checklists. Lastly, we compared these outcomes between Cochrane and non-Cochrane SRs. All screening and data extraction occurred in a masked, duplicate fashion.

Results

Of the SRs appraised, the mean completion rate was 66.5% (SD 12.29%) for the PRISMA checklist and 44.5% (SD 21.05%) for AMSTAR. The majority of SRs (19/50, 53%) were of critically low methodological quality, with no SRs being appraised as high quality. There was a statistically significant association (P<.001) between AMSTAR and PRISMA checklists. Cochrane SRs had higher PRISMA mean completion rates and higher methodological quality than non-Cochrane SRs.

Conclusions

SRs supporting CPGs focused on the management of cutaneous melanoma vary in reporting and methodological quality, with the majority of SRs being of low quality. Increasing adherence to PRISMA and AMSTAR checklists will likely increase the quality of SRs, thereby increasing the level of evidence supporting cutaneous melanoma CPGs.
Congenital Telangiectatic Erythema: Scoping Review
Authors: Wojtara Magda Sara , Kang Jayne , Zaman Mohammed
Published: September 2023

Background

Congenital telangiectatic erythema (CTE), also known as Bloom syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by below-average height, a narrow face, a red skin rash occurring on sun-exposed areas of the body, and an increased risk of cancer. CTE is one of many genodermatoses and photodermatoses associated with defects in DNA repair. CTE is caused by a mutation occurring in the BLM gene, which causes abnormal breaks in chromosomes.

Objective

We aimed to analyze the existing literature on CTE to provide additional insight into its heredity, the spectrum of clinical presentations, and the management of this disorder. In addition, the gaps in current research and the use of artificial intelligence to streamline clinical diagnosis and the management of CTE are outlined.

Methods

A literature search was conducted on PubMed, DOAJ, and Scopus using search terms such as “congenital telangiectatic erythema,” “bloom syndrome,” and “bloom-torre-machacek.” Due to limited current literature, studies published from January 2000 to January 2023 were considered for this review. A total of 49 sources from the literature were analyzed.

Results

Through this scoping review, the researchers were able to identify several publications focusing on Bloom syndrome. Some common subject areas included the heredity of CTE, clinical presentations of CTE, and management of CTE. In addition, the literature on rare diseases shows the potential advancements in understanding and treatment with artificial intelligence. Future studies should address the causes of heterogeneity in presentation and examine potential therapeutic candidates for CTE and similarly presenting syndromes.

Conclusions

This review illuminated current advances in potential molecular targets or causative pathways in the development of CTE as well as clinical features including erythema, increased cancer risk, and growth abnormalities. Future studies should continue to explore innovations in this space, especially in regard to the use of artificial intelligence, including machine learning and deep learning, for the diagnosis and clinical management of rare diseases such as CTE.
Digital Health App to Address Disparate HIV Outcomes Among Black Women Living in Metro-Atlanta: Protocol for a Multiphase, Mixed Methods Pilot Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chandler Rasheeta , Farinu Oluyemi T O , Guillaume Dominique , Francis Sherilyn , Parker Andrea G , Shah Kewal , Hernandez Natalie D ,   Synergistic Sisters in Science
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Cisgender Black women in the southern United States are at heightened risk for HIV and adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Mobile health interventions that target HIV risk while being adapted to the needs and lived experiences of Black women are remarkably limited.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to refine SavvyHER, a mobile app for HIV prevention, with Black women residing in high HIV incidence areas of Georgia and evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of SavvyHER. This paper describes the procedures implemented to conduct this research.

METHODS

Community-based participatory research tenets guide this multiphase study to finalize the development of what we hypothesize will be an effective, sustainable, and culturally relevant HIV prevention and optimal sexual health and reproductive wellness app for Black women. This multiphased, mixed methods study consists of 3 phases. The first phase entails focus groups with Black women to understand their preferences for the functionality and design of a beta prototype version of SavvyHER. In the second phase, an app usability pretest (N=10) will be used to refine and optimize the SavvyHER app. The final phase will entail a pilot randomized controlled trial (N=60) to evaluate the app’s feasibility and usability in preparation for a larger trial.

RESULTS

Findings from preliminary focus groups revealed educational content, app aesthetics, privacy considerations, and marketing preferred by Black women, thus informing the first functional SavvyHER prototype. As we adapt and test the feasibility of SavvyHER, we hypothesize that the app will be an effective, sustainable, and culturally relevant HIV prevention, sexual health, and reproductive wellness tool for Black women.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings from this research substantiate the importance of developing health interventions curated for and by Black women to address critical HIV disparities. The knowledge gained from this research can reduce HIV disparities among Black women through a targeted intervention that centers on their health needs and priorities.

CLINICALTRIAL

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/42712
In Vivo Evaluation of Heavy Metal Decontaminated Marine Macroalgae (Ulva lactuca L.) Using Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi) Juice and Its Potency As Nephroprotector
Authors: Hasnadewi Ashfiya Hanif , Mulyati Mulyati , Nuriliani Ardaning , Sofyantoro Fajar
Published: September 2023

Ulva lactuca is a functional food ingredient with high antioxidant content. The presence of heavy metal contaminants in natural Ulva lactuca needs to be eliminated. Ulva lactuca was investigated for its potential as a nephroprotector in female Wistar rats. The study assessed Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) levels, creatinine levels, and kidney histopathology. The experiment included a Group I (control), Group II (administered 1000 mg/Kg BW/day of natural Ulva lactuca), and Group III (administered 1000 mg/Kg BW/day of heavy metal decontaminated Ulva lactuca using bilimbi juice). After 30 days of oral treatment, no significant differences were observed in BUN levels before and after treatment. However, significant variations were found in Group III compared to the Group I creatinine levels after treatment. Both natural and heavy metal decontaminated Ulva lactuca showed no adverse effects on kidney function. Notably, heavy metal decontaminated Ulva lactuca exhibited improved kidney histopathology, suggesting its potential as a nephroprotector. Further research is needed to explore its broader applications in promoting kidney health.
Effect of Poly Herbal Extract of Curcuma Amada Rhizome and Sida Spinosa Leaves on STZ-Induced Tissue Damage Marker Enzymes
Authors: Manikandhan C , Daniel Vivek , Daniel Kratika
Published: September 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a global health challenge with rising prevalence and associated complications. Among its various forms, Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) poses a significant health concern. Chronic hyperglycemia in T2DM leads to oxidative stress, which, in turn, contributes to tissue damage and dysfunction. The present study investigates the potential therapeutic impact of a poly-herbal extract comprising Curcuma amada rhizome and Sida spinosa leaves on tissue damage marker enzymes in a Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animal model. Curcuma amada, known as mango ginger, and Sida spinosa have long been acknowledged for their medicinal properties, often attributed to their rich content of bioactive compounds such as curcuminoids and flavonoids. These compounds possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making them promising candidates for mitigating oxidative stress-induced tissue damage. In this research, an animal model for T2DM was induced using STZ, followed by the administration of the poly-herbal extract. Blood glucose levels were monitored throughout the study, and various tissue samples, including liver and kidney, were analyzed to assess the activity levels of tissue damage marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The findings of this study aim to shed light on the potential protective effects of the poly-herbal extract against STZ-induced tissue damage marker enzyme alterations. A thorough examination of these effects will offer insights into the therapeutic potential of herbal remedies in mitigating complications associated with T2DM. This research adds to the growing body of knowledge on complementary treatments for diabetes, bringing us one step closer to a more comprehensive understanding of the therapeutic potential of natural compounds in managing this widespread and challenging condition.
A Novel Approach for Car Accident Detection and Analysis Using AIML Techniques
Authors: Gowda Preethi S , Shivanand Dr. Nirmala
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In the context of escalating concerns regarding road safety, this study introduces an automated traffic accident detection and analysis framework that utilizes surveillance footage. The approach synergistically combines the Motion Interaction Field (MIF) model and YOLO v5 algorithm to achieve accurate crash detection and precise vehicle classification. The primary objective is to develop an autonomous system for identifying and evaluating traffic events captured by security cameras. The MIF model extracts valuable insights from interactions among moving objects within images and videos, tailored explicitly for detecting damaged vehicles. Localization of damaged vehicles is achieved using the YOLO v5 algorithm, complemented by perspective transformation to enable vertical image representation. The unbiased finite impulse response (UFIR) technique, notable for its insensitivity to statistical noise data, effectively determines vehicle motion. Furthermore, this work delves into an in-depth analysis of car crashes, estimating impact speed and point of collision from an aerial perspective. This work encompasses meticulous accident clip analysis, precise car direction determination, and error identification. The outcomes underscore the potential of the proposed framework to revolutionize accident detection and analysis, contributing to heightened road safety and streamlined traffic management strategies.
A Review on Enhancing Quality of Self-Compacting Concrete by Used Cement Plastic Bag
Authors: Yaksh Sourabh , Sharma Asst Prof. Aditya , Gupta Asst Prof. Shashank , Pandey Prof. Mukesh
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Plastic waste is a vital solid waste due to its un-decaying properties with respect to time, but plastic waste has interlocking properties that lead to enhancing the interlocking properties of the concrete. Self-compacting concrete is concrete with high workability and does not need vibration it is good for complex structural elements. So high-strength concrete production becomes typical but the interlocking properties of the plastic waste can be given a suitable direction for the strength parameter of self-compacting concrete. The major plastic waste source at the site is the cement plastic bags, cement bags are made of polypropylene polymer therefore they cannot react with cement, but are fibrous in nature and perform good interlocking properties.