bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Security of Federated Learning: Attacks, Defensive Mechanisms, and Challenges
Authors: Benmalek Mourad , Benrekia Mohamed Ali , Challal Yacine
Published: March 2022

Recently, a new Artificial Intelligence (AI) paradigm, known as Federated Learning (FL), has been introduced. It is a decentralized approach to apply Machine Learning (ML) on-device without risking the disclosure and tracing of sensitive and private information. Instead of training the global model on a centralized server (by aggregating the clients’ private data), FL trains a global shared model by only aggregating clients’ locally-computed updates (the clients’ private data remains distributed across the clients’ devices). However, as secure as the FL seems, it by itself does not give the levels of privacy and security required by today’s distributed systems. This paper seeks to provide a holistic view of FL’s security concerns. We outline the most important attacks and vulnerabilities that are highly relevant to FL systems. Then, we present the recent proposed defensive mechanisms. Finally, we highlight the outstanding challenges, and we discuss the possible future research directions.
Novel Optimized Reusable Component Repository Using Neural Networks
Authors: Nagaraju Krishna Chythanya , Reddy Cheruku Ramesh Kumar
Published: March 2022

For the success of the time bound development of software to meet with high demand of market, it is very much necessary for organizations to maintain a proper reusable component repository, either open source or proprietary. This was also endorsed by the survey authors conducted and analyzed data collected as shown in this work. This paper aims to bring out the opinions of actual users like developers in using the Repository. A survey was conducted by the authors of this paper. Basically, survey aims at identifying the experiences of developers using reusable components and trying to identify what developers are expecting from the reusable component repositories and the practices of usage of repositories in the companies. In this paper a Novel Repository building mechanism using Neural Networks is proposed. The normalized features are considered as input to Neural Network model which specifies whether required component exists or not in the repository. The experiment results were found to be giving 94% accuracy in identifying an existing component at the time of retrieval.
A Novel Autoregressive Co-Variance Matrix and Gabor Filter Ensemble Convolutional Neural Network (ARCM-GF-E-CNN) Model for E-Commerce Product Classification
Authors: Latha Yarasu Madhavi , Rao Bhukya Srinivasa
Published: March 2022

With the advancement of technologies intelligent and automated environments are rapidly evolved with deep learning and transfer learning techniques. However, the existing technique exhibits different difficulties due to increases in processing data complexity. This research developed an Artificial Intelligence (AI) framework for e-commerce product classification. The data for analysis is collected from different website sources and images are classified. The proposed AI framework is stated as Autoregressive Co-Variance Matrix and Gabor Filter Ensemble Convolutional Neural Network (ARCM-GF-E-CNN). The ARCM-GF-E-CNN incorporates an auto-regressive Co-variance matrix for the classification of online product images. The collected database is categorized into class based on features of the image. The simulation results expressed that the proposed ARCM-GF-E-CNN exhibits higher accuracy for the validation and testing dataset. Further, the analysis of ARCM-GF-E-CNN with existing technique expressed that the proposed classifier increases accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.
Antropologia adhortacji Familiaris consortio
Authors: Merecki Jarosław
Published: March 2022

Autor wychodzi od stwierdzenia, że w przeciwieństwie do myśli starożytnej i średniowiecznej myśl nowożytna za pierwotny i naturalny stan ludzkiego współistnienia uznała konflikt (Hobbes, Marx, Sartre). W antropologii biblijnej, od której wychodzi Jan Paweł II w swojej adhortacji Familiaris consortio, pierwotna prawda człowieka nie jest wyrażona w modelu konfliktu, lecz przeciwnie – konflikt powstaje w wyniku zdrady pierwotnej prawdy, którą jest jedność kobiety i mężczyzny. W biblijnej wizji relacji międzyludzkich sytuacją wyjściową, doświadczeniem, w którym wyraża się pierwotna prawda o człowieku, nie jest zatem relacja konfliktu, lecz relacja mężczyzna-kobieta, w której dwie osoby potwierdzają swoje człowieczeństwo nie poprzez poddanie drugiej osoby swojej własnej woli, lecz poprzez dar z siebie, który składają sobie nawzajem. W antropologii adhortacji Familiaris consortio małżeństwo i rodzina są uprzywilejowanym miejscem, w którym człowiek doświadcza przynależności i daru.
Successful Management of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis in a Child with Acute-on-Chronic Kidney Disease and Malnutrition
Authors: Al Reesi Mohammed , Al Muqbali Taleb , Al Ajmi Ahmed , Menon Varna
Published: March 2022

Mucormycosis is a very rare fungal infection in children. It is caused by opportunistic fungi, and mainly affects immunocompromised patients. Early diagnosis is very important for a good outcome. Successful management requires the reversal of the underlying predisposing risk factors, surgical debridement and prompt administration of active antifungal agents, with liposomal amphotericin B being the first line therapy. This case, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, is the first rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis to be reported on among Omani children. We highlight the importance of early diagnosis and prompt surgical and medical interventions in achieving a satisfactory outcome and we review the published literature in regard to the management.

Keywords: Mucormycosis; Sinusitis; Proptosis; Liposomal amphotericin B; Rhizopus; Posaconazole; Malnutrition.
Дидактические условия формирования готовности к межкультурной коммуникации у иностранных студентов средствами неродного языка
Authors: Апанасюк Л.А. , Разумовская Е.А. , Киреева И.А.
Published: March 2022

Процессы интеграции в международное образовательное пространство, постоянное расширение сфер взаимодействия российских и зарубежных вузов со всей очевидностью показывают, что дальнейшее развитие международных отношений возможно только в условиях диалога представителей разных национально-культурных общностей, способных понять другую культуру. В этих условиях образование иностранных студентов рассматривается в качестве средства комфортного существования в новом обществе, а целью обучения неродному языку становится формирование готовности к межкультурной коммуникации, что актуализирует проблему разработки соответствующих дидактических условий. Целью данной работы является анализ дидактических условий формирования готовности к межкультурной коммуникации у иностранных студентов средствами неродного языка. Новизна исследования в статье состоит в выявлении и установлении особых средств обучения неродному языку для формирования готовности к межкультурной коммуникации у иностранных студентов. В итоге обобщена характеристика дидактических условий формирования готовности к межкультурной коммуникации у иностранных студентов. Результаты и материалы работы могут использоваться на практических занятиях по теории межкультурной коммуникации и русскому языку как иностранному.
Критериальная характеристика проверки уровня сформированности умений учащихся третьего класса решать задачи алгебраическим способом
Authors: Бежанова Н.Л. , Игнатьева В.О.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлена критериальная характеристика проверки уровня сформированности умений учащихся третьего класса решать задачи алгебраическим способом, состоящая из критериев, показателей и уровневых показателей.
Ценностная направленность личности как условие взаимодействия поколений сегодня
Authors: Грохольская О.Г.
Published: March 2022

Социальное, психологическое и цифровое противостояние поколений, связанное с ситуацией трансформации мирового сообщества сегодня, ведет к разрыву важнейшего жизненного механизма передачи опыта от старшего поколения к младшему. Главная проблема взаимодействия поколений состоит в том, что имеется разрыв в понимании ими целей и ключевых жизненных приоритетов. Автор размышляет о том, как выстроить взаимодействие поколений через восстановление духовных скрепов, которые существовали в виде: воспитания патриотизма, веры в светлое начало, установки на созидательный труд, почитания многовековой мудрости народов.
Возможности использования песенного материала на уроках английского языка в средних и старших классах
Authors: Гумерова Д.Р.
Published: March 2022

В данной статье рассматриваются особенности использования песенного материала на разных этапах урока. Также дается характеристика принципам отбора песенного материала для уроков английского языка, рассматриваются возрастные особенности использования песенного материала на уроках иностранного языка.
Киберспорт как социальный феномен
Authors: Ирянов А.В. , Чернышева И.В. , Егорычева Е.В. , Мусина С.В.
Published: March 2022

Представлена информация о явлении «киберспорт», приведены его сходства с традиционным спортом, анализ аудитории зрителей и пользователей, а также данные о соревнованиях и дисциплинах. Даётся обоснование его популярности и доказательство успешного развития.
Игровые технологии как мотивационный компонент на уроках химии
Authors: Кударбекова Д.С.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассмотрены игровые технологии как мотивационный компонент, помогающий удержать и закрепить внимание учеников к предмету, и помогает обеспечить легкость восприятия сложного материала, делает его более привлекательным и простым для восприятия. Новые стандарты в образовании, применение новых технологий в обучении и особенно в практических занятиях помогает сделать преподавание химии, являющееся сложным, более легким в восприятии и ключевым в обновлении методики преподавания самого предмета. Функция преподавателя в такой методике не обучать, а направлять к новым знаниям, заинтересовывая при этом учащегося. Информационный поток, обрушивающийся на учеников в социальной жизни наполнен потоками информации, что делает невозможным ее полное восприятие, поэтому нельзя игнорировать «клиповое мышление» учеников при подготовке к проведению урока химии, учитывая при этом желание к изучению сложного материала простым способом, именно таким способом и является игра. Она способствует закреплению сложных знаний, полученных легким способом в процессе игры, что делает запоминание легким, если учителю удается соблюсти наполненность игры знаниями и при этом поддерживать стремление учеников к их получению. Запоминающимся новый материал помогают делать положительные эмоции, получаемые учениками в игровой среде урока химии, что способствует выработке логического мышления, развития словарного запаса, точности знаний и формул (научная сторона) и при этом восприятие материала в лаконичной форме. Такая форма воспроизводства знаний помогает развивать у учеников такие компетенции как эффективное использование времени, умение выбирать главное из предлагаемого, принятие решений на основании своего выбора, использование классификаций и применение коммуникаций, являющиеся совершенно новым результатом образовательного процесса.
Цифровизация физического воспитания обучающихся и спортивный образовательный процесс в школах
Authors: Кульчицкий В.Е. , Литвина Г.А. , Корманенко Н.В.
Published: March 2022

Развитие и распространение цифровизации всех социальных и экономических сфер происходит достаточно интенсивно. Специалисты в области физической культуры и спорта значительное внимание уделяют применению новых подходов в физической и спортивной подготовке, в том числе внедрению информационных технологий в различные образовательные программы. В данной статье анализируется использование информационных сервисов и применение цифровых технологий при реализации различных образовательных программ в области физической культуры и спорта.
Влияние занятий плаванием на организм ребенка
Authors: Литвина Г.А. , Кульчицкий В.Е. , Куйбар М.Р.
Published: March 2022

В данной статье рассмотрены теоретические аспекты влияния плавания на физическое и психическое развитие ребенка дошкольного возраста.
Роль физического образования в формировании личности военного инженера
Authors: Логинов В.А. , Прокопова Т.В. , Хухрянская Е.С.
Published: March 2022

В работе рассматриваются особенности физического образования в военном вузе в современных условиях. В качестве средства усиления мотивации к изучению физики, развития когнитивной деятельности обучаемых и формирования физического мышления предлагается участие обучаемых в создании учебно-методической базы и информационных приложений для учебного процесса кафедры.
Совершенствование учебно-тренировочного процесса по борьбе самбо на этапе спортивного совершенствования у студентов-спортсменов медицинского вуза
Authors: Пайгильдин А.Т.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматриваются условия для совершенствования учебно-тренировочного процесса по борьбе самбо у студентов-спортсменов медицинского вуза: планирование и реализация учебно-тренировочного процесса; взаимосвязь всех компонентов учебнотренировочного процесса по самбо; выбор средств и методов учебно-тренировочного процесса; взаимодействие тренера и спортсмена.
Формирование коммуникативной компетенции у студентов неязыкового вуза в процессе обучения иностранному языку с применением обучающих игр
Authors: Ревеко Л.С.
Published: March 2022

В статье анализируется место и роль игровых заданий в процессе обучения иностранному языку, а также их специфические свойства. Определяются психологопедагогические принципы обучения иностранному языку с применением деловых игр. Приводится классификация языковых игр и ряд примеров игровых заданий.
Физическая культура и спорта в трудах русских и советских педагогов-практиков
Authors: Смирнов В.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассмотрены особенности становления цифрового общества и цифрового образования, описаны проблемы связанные с двигательной активностью учащихся, что в свою очередь актуализирует применение и рассмотрение физической культуры в контексте здоровьесбережения. Проведен историко-педагогический анализ литературных и исторических источников по исследуемой проблеме. Описано отношение педагогов новаторов к физической культуре и ее практическое применение в обучении и воспитании детей и молодежи. Представлен практический опыт педагогов прошлого в воспитании обучающихся средствами физической культуры и спорта.
Разработка технологии приготовления сахарного печенья с добавлением льняной муки
Authors: Бардин А.В. , Иванова Н.Н. , Иванов Д.И.
Published: March 2022

Для придания кондитерским изделиям функциональное назначение можно вводить в рецептуру продукты мукомольно-крупяного производства. В том числе и льняную муку. Добавление ее в количестве 5 % улучшило органолептические показатели качества готового продукта. Применение муки приводило к снижению его влажности, не влияло на щелочность, не ухудшало намокаемость.
Обоснование актуальности разработки технологии многокомпонентных растворимых чайных напитков с применением растительного сырья и функциональных пищевых ингредиентов
Authors: Логвинчук Т.М.
Published: March 2022

Актуальность заявленной темы научно-исследовательской работы определяют приоритетные задачи государственной политики Российской Федерации в области создания и развития производства новых обогащенных, функциональных и специализированных (диетических лечебных и диетических профилактических) пищевых продуктов. Реализация поставленных задач и полученных результатов работы позволит получить чайные напитки, обладающие высокой пищевой и биологической ценностью, обусловленной обогащением растворимого чая биологически активными веществами других видов растительного сырья, а также функциональными пищевыми ингредиентами (витаминами и/или минеральными веществами и др.).
PREVENTION OF SUTURE INSUFFICIENCY IN INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSES
Authors:   Azerbaijan Medical University, Aghayev E.K. , Ismayilova Z.E. ,   Azerbaijan Medical University, Mamedov T.E. ,   Azerbaijan Medical University
Published: March 2022

The failure of intestinal anastomotic suture is one of the urgent and dangerous problems in abdominal surgery. This problem not only complicates the course of the early postoperative period and increases financial costs, but it is also the main cause of deaths, the rate of which remains quite high with generalized peritonitis. The problem of the intestinal anastomotic leakage in the postoperative period forces researchers to develop various methods of preoperative preparation of patients, ways to strengthen the line of stitched ends of the intestine, new protocols for managing patients in the postoperative period. Despite the use of atraumatic and minimally invasive techniques as well as various stapling devices, and biopolymers of various compositions, the morbidity rate for ananastomotic leak remains quite high. The literature analysis demonstrates a tendency of preservation high rates of the suture failure of intestinal anastomosis. The actuality of this problem is especially clearly observed in case of emergency and urgent resection of the intestine against the background of acute intestinal obstruction, cancer intoxication and generalized peritonitis. The risk of anastomotic failure is believed to be caused by the age and general condition of a patient, the nature of the underlying disease, the presence of concomitant chronic diseases, the type of surgical operation, as well as the method and localization of the anastomosis being created. Despite the fact that there are a lot of sources devoted to the analysis of the causes of this problem, there is no consensus on the significance of risk factors and the effectiveness of the preventive methods used. In a number of publications there are contradictory data concerning the effectiveness of some preventive methods. Therefore, the solution of this problem requires new fundamental researches.
Triaging Women with Pregnancy of Unknown Location: Evaluation of Protocols Based on Single Serum Progesterone, Serum hCG Ratios, and Model M4
Authors: Izhar Rubina , Husain Samia , Tahir Muhammad Ahmad , Ala Syed Hasan , Imtiaz Rahila , Husain Sonia , Talha Sara
Published: March 2022

Background: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the ability of three protocols to triage women presenting with pregnancy of unknown location (PUL).
Methods: Women with pregnancy of unknown location were recruited from Aziz Medical Centre from 1st August, 2018 to 31st July, 2020. The criterion of progesterone, human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) ratio, and M4 algorithm were used to predict risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and classify women. Finally, 3 groups were established including ectopic pregnancy, failed pregnancy of unknown location, and intrauterine pregnancy (IUP). The primary outcome was to assign women to ectopic pregnancy group using these protocols. The secondary outcome was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the three protocols relative to the final outcome.
Results: Of the 288 women, 66 (22.9%) had ectopic pregnancy, 144 (50.0%) had intrauterine pregnancy, and 78 (27.1%) had failed pregnancy of unknown location. The criterion of progesterone had a sensitivity of 81.8%, specificity of 27%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 83.3%, and positive predictive value (PPV) of 25% for high risk result (ectopic pregnancy). The hCG ratio had sensitivity of 72%, specificity of 73%, NPV of 90%, and PPV of 44% for high risk result (ectopic pregnancy). However, model M4 had sensitivity of 86.4%, specificity of 91.9%, NPV of 95.8%, and PPV of 76% for high risk result.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it was revealed that prediction model of M4 had the highest sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value for high risk result (ectopic pregnancy).
Comparison of Price regarding the Domesticly Produced Medicine with the Price of the Similar Generic Medicine in India
Authors: Motevalli Mohammad Hosein , Dowlati Beirami Amirreza , Salimi Alireza , Yousefi Nazila
Published: March 2022

Background: Supporting domestic production, by assuming its effect on the increase of accessibility, has been acknowledged as one of the main pharmaceutical policies from two dimensions of better provision of the drugs in the market and the increase of affordability by reducing prices. Therefore, it is expected from the domestic industries to produce pharmaceutical products that, in addition to increasing access and a sustainable supply of drugs, have competitive prices compared to the rival imported products, and reduce the medical costs imposed on patients and the health system. In this study the price of domestically produced drugs were compared with the price of the similar generic ones in India.
Methods: In this study, first, India was selected for comparison due to reasons such as low price, good quality, and the possibility of commerce despite sanctions. Then, from the Iranian pharmaceutical statistics, drugs which were only produced in Iran and were highly consumed with respect to the number of sales were included in the study. Prices of Iranian and Indian medicines were extracted from related valid websites. Finally, the price of 110 drugs were compared to determine the success rate of the domestic production industry in offering a reasonable price in the absence of foreign competitors.
Results: According to the findings from 57 % of the drugs under study, the median consumer price of these drugs in India was lower than the Iranian consumer price. If this comparison was made with the minimum price of the Indian medicine, this percentage would reach 88.
Conclusion: According to the findings mentioned above, it can be concluded that reducing the drugs prices and costs does not occur in all cases of domestic production, and this alone cannot be a good justification for a complete support of the domestic production of drugs; however, it should be noted that reducing costs is not the only reason to support domestic production of these products, and policy makers may act with regard to other factors in line with supportive policies; thus,  the reasons regarding each case should be clearly defined for the health system.
Designing a Model for Public Welfare Governance in Iran
Authors: Olfatpor Nadali , Mousakhani Morteza , Daneshfard Karamolah , Irannejad Parizi Mehdi
Published: March 2022

Background: One important goal of policymakers regarding economy in developed countries is to improve quality, standard and level of well-being in society. The purpose of this study was to provide a model that leads to improving the quality of public welfare in the country's governance system.
Methods: This was a combined (qualitative-quantitative) research conducted in 2020. To collect data in the qualitative section, exploratory interviews based on theme analysis, and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire, were used. Analysis of the qualitative section was done through MaxQDA 18 software, and in the quantitative section, it was done by SPSS 22 and SmartPLS 2 software. The statistical population in the qualitative method included experts in the field of policymaking and social welfare. Purposive and snowball sampling were used, which resulted in 18 interviews. The statistical population in the quantitative method included 150 managers from the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare selected based on Cochran's formula 108.
Results: In the qualitative part, after recording the data from the interviews, 99 initial indicators were identified. After coding based on theme analysis method, 69 indicators, 8 dimensions (social capital; public policies and policymaking; domestic and international environment; public participation and management; transparency in affairs; social security; social health; quality of governance and public welfare), and 5 components (causal, intervention, and contextual causes, strategies and consequences) were approved, and led to the creation of a public welfare governance model based on theme analysis. The results of the quantitative part indicated that the dimensions of public policies and policymaking and social capital affect domestic and international environment, public participation and management, as well as the dimension of transparency in affairs. They also affect social security and health, which in turn, affect the quality of public welfare governance.
Conclusion: One of the requirements for establishing and improving the governance of public welfare in Iran is addressing the 8 components and 69 indicators extracted in this model.
TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIA’S MIGRATION POLICY: TRENDS, PRIORITIES, AND THE PLACE OF CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES
Authors:   Director of the Institute of Demographic Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Demographic and Migration Policy, MGIMO University, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Ryazantsev Sergey V. , Kasymov Osim K. ,   Junior Research Scientist of the Institute of Demographic Research of the Federal Research Center for Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the transformation of the migration policy of the Russian Federation in 2000–2020, as well as identifying the role of the Central Asian countries and their priorities in migration policy. The article uses analytical and statistical research methods to identify the geographical priorities of the migration policy of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the conceptual documents reflecting the key messages of the Russian migration policy was carried out. Findings: it is revealed that in recent years, citizens of Central Asian countries have been actively receiving documents that give the right to long — term residence in Russia-a temporary residence permit and a residence permit, as well as Russian citizenship. Despite the importance of migration from Central Asia for Russia, this region is hardly mentioned in official documents on migration policy and migration regulation. Conclusions: migrants from Central Asian countries make a significant contribution to the socio-demographic development of Russia: first, migration partially reduces the shortage of labor resources, provides labor for many sectors of the economy and regions; second, migration replenishes the population of regions and localities where depopulation occurs; third, migrants partially compensate for the decline in the birth rate and the number of children in some regions and localities of the country. The Russian migration policy does not officially identify priorities for inviting migrants from Central Asia to permanent residence in the country. However, in practice, migrants from Central Asian countries are officially considered by the Russian authorities as temporary labor.
Awareness of venous thromboembolism during long-haul flights among medical students – what do they really know about its prevention and treatment?
Authors: Wołkowski Maciej , Witkowska Jagoda , Zembura Marcela , Wojciechowska Eliza , Urbanek Tomasz
Published: March 2022

Wstęp

Ogólnoświatowy ruch samolotowy osiąga rocznie liczbę 2,3 miliarda pasażerów. Powikłaniem długich lotów samolotem jest żylna choroba zakrzepowo-zatorowa (venous thromboembolism – VTE). Obejmuje ona zakrzepicę żył głębokich (deep vein thrombosis – DVT) i zatorowość płucną (pulmonary embolism – PE). Pomimo stosunkowo dużej częstości występowania tej choroby dostęp do informacji na temat czynników ryzyka oraz prewencji VTE jest ograniczony, co może wynikać ze zbyt małej liczby ogólnodostępnych artykułów dotyczących problemu, jak również z niedostatecznej uwagi poświęcanej tej jednostce chorobowej przez wykładowców i lekarzy. W pracy podjęto próbę oceny świadomości i wiedzy studentów medycyny na temat powikłań zakrzepowych związanych z długotrwałymi lotami samolotem.

Materiał i metody

Badanie przeprowadzono między 10 listopada 2017 r. a 28 lutego 2018 r. w grupie 100 studentów medycyny Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach. Do badania wykorzystano kwestionariusz ankiety, który zawierał 12 pytań dotyczących wiedzy na temat występowania i patogenezy VTE związanej z długotrwałymi lotami samolotem. Uczestnicy badania opierali swoje odpowiedzi na wiedzy zdobytej podczas nauki na uniwersytecie.

Wyniki

Prawidłowo częstość występowania VTE związanej z lotami samolotem wskazało 43% ankietowanych. Żaden ze studentów nie wskazał poprawnie czynników ryzyka VTE. Spośród badanych 40% znało patogenezę VTE w wyniku długotrwałych lotów. Zadowalający jest fakt, że 100% ankietowanych wiedziało, że odpowiedni ubiór może redukować ryzyko VTE podczas lotów samolotem.

Wnioski

Ankieta wykazała niski poziom wiedzy, jak również świadomości studentów związanej z zagrożeniem VTE podczas lotów samolotem. Wyniki badania powinny zostać uwzględnione podczas planowania na studiach medycznych zajęć dotyczących problematyki VTE.
Import competition in the manufacturing sector in Peru: Its impact on informality and wages
Authors: Morales Fernando , Pierola Martha Denisse , Sanchez-Navarro Dennis
Published: March 2022

This paper studies the impact of import competition from China on labor outcomes in the Peruvian manufacturing sector in 2001–2010. Using data from the Peruvian Household Survey, we use a two-step procedure to evaluate the impact of the surge in imports from China on the likelihood of having an informal job and on wages in both the formal and informal sectors. On the first step, the results suggest that greater import competition increased—albeit weakly—the likelihood of having an informal job for workers with elementary education. On the second step, we find that the surge in imports from China was detrimental to wages of the least educated individuals with informal jobs—with no education and elementary education—, although we also find that this result is mostly driven by the presence of self-employed among informal workers. We also observe a wage increase among workers with formal jobs and elementary and high school education. These results are robust to the inclusion of different exclusion restrictions and even after accounting for industry-level growth which was strong during the period studied.
Synthesis of Sequences with Ideal Autocorrelation Properties
Authors: Egorov Vladimir , Lobov Sergev , Hodakovskiy Valentin
Published: March 2022

Method of synthesis of the sequences, possessing ideal autocorrelation functions, has been developed. The review of existing approaches, analytical conclusion of requirements to ideal sequences with considering the necessity to provide low pick-factor of the sequence and low level of side petals of autocorrelation function has been given. Mathematical model and its program embodiment, allowing to generate periodical sequences and assess their properties, have been created on the basis of suggested method. As a result of pursued computational experiments, the sequences with number of symbols from 6 to 4096 have been obtained. It’s been clarified that such sequence can be formed at its any length which has ideal periodic autocorrelation function at pick-factor equal or close to 1. Because suggested sequences have ideal ACF they can be recommended for use in the systems of railway automatics and communication for highly reliable management of train traffic on high-speed trunks as well as in communication systems qua signals in navigating and locational systems, qua signals applied in ultrasound defectoscopy and so on.
Discrepancy of clinical, laboratory and instrumental picture in patients with pulmonary embolism
Authors: Pronin A. G. , Rakhmatullina A. R. , Glukhov D. K.
Published: March 2022

The discrepancy of echocardiographic signs of right ventricular overload with the clinical picture and the level of plasma troponin concentration may underestimate the severity of the condition and lead to an inadequate choice of therapy, since all these parameters are currently determining the tactics of treatment of patients.

Objective: to assess the prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary embolism with inconsistency of clinical, laboratory and instrumental picture.

Material and methods. The course of the disease of 456 patients with pulmonary embolism was analyzed. 21 patients had a fatal outcome, the rest recovered. All patients underwent general clinical and biochemical blood tests, determination of the level of D-dimer and troponin, electrocardiography, echocardiography, ultrasound of the veins of the lower extremities, CT angiopulmonography, analysis of the results obtained.

Results. It was found that among patients with high- and moderate-risk pulmonary embolism, women more often than men have an increase in the plasma concentration of troponin levels by 2.4 times, as well as a 3-fold discrepancy in the clinical and laboratory-instrumental picture with the presence of signs of right ventricular overload according to echocardiography data, which appear in dynamics. The phenomenon of "delayed echocardiography signs of overload of the right heart" is recorded in 0.8% of all patients with pulmonary embolism. At the same time, in patients with a high risk of early pulmonary embolism – associated death, its occurrence is 2.1%, and in patients with a moderately high risk – 4.4%. When comparing the prevalence of clinical and instrumental symptoms of pulmonary embolism in these patients with the data of patients with high and moderate risks of early death from pulmonary embolism, no statistically significant differences were found, including in terms of echocardiography in dynamics. The delay of еchocardiography signs of overload of the right parts of the heart" by 12–36 hours from the clinical picture, including in patients with hemodynamically significant pulmonary embolism, can be detected only with a series of еchocardiography, which allows, if necessary, timely review scope of treatment. In patients with pulmonary embolism with a pronounced lesion of the pulmonary artery, due to the rapidly progressing course of the disease, it is possible that the еchocardiography criteria of the disease do not have time to develop. In this case, an assessment of the stroke volume may play an important role, hover this parameter is non-specific for this disease.
Natal cervical injury and its consequences as a result of caesarean section
Authors: Winderlich M. E. , Shchekolova N. B.
Published: March 2022

The article reflects topical issues of natal trauma and its consequences in children born surgically, with a comparison of different views of domestic and foreign scientists. Risk factors for natal trauma, features of the caesarean section technique, options for complications and outcomes for the newborn are presented. Data from a study of the health of 93 children aged 1 to 16 years who were born surgically by caesarean section were analyzed, approaches to the occurrence of natal trauma and its consequences, as well as their diagnosis and treatment in pediatric patients were considered. It is concluded that the treatment of natal trauma and its consequences after operative delivery should be aimed at eliminating the causes and undesirable symptoms of birth trauma.
Primary results of replacement the experimental hyaline cartilage defect with human fibroblast cell culture
Authors: Bozhokin M. S. , Marchenko D. M. , Mikhailova E. R. , Antipov A. P. , Nashchekina Yu. A. , Vcherashnij D. B. , Novoseltsev S. V. , Kruglov V. N.
Published: March 2022

The hyaline cartilage damage problem is actual, but existing recovery methods are not fully sufficient. A promising solution of this problem can be the implantation of a tissue-engineered structure (TEC), consisting of a cell culture and a biodegradable scaffold. In this experiment we created a construct consisting of a polylactide scaffold and a human dermal fibroblasts culture. After implantation of TEC in the modeled defect area we analyzed the experimental group regeneration results in comparison to the control group.
Two-dimensional manganese oxide on ceria for the catalytic partial oxidation of hydrocarbons
Authors: Wang Hai , Wang Liang , Luo Qingsong , Zhang Jian , Wang Chengtao , Ge Xin , Zhang Wei , Xiao Feng-Shou
Published: March 2022

Although the rational synthesis of catalysts with strong oxide-support interactions to modulate the geometric and electronic structures and achieve unusual catalytic performance is challenging in heterogeneous catalysis, it is in significant demand for the efficient and sustainable transformation of chemicals. Here, we report the synthesis and performance of a ceria-supported two-dimensional manganese oxide catalyst with strong metal oxide-support interactions, which help to produce well-dispersed and amorphous MnOx layers on the CeO2 matrix (MnOx/CeO2). This catalyst readily reacts with molecular oxygen to give a high capacity of active oxygen species, owing to the interfacial effect. The C-H bonds are adsorbed and activated by these active interfacial oxygen species, leading to high activities and selectivities in the industrially important C-H bond activation reactions, such as the oxidation of hydrocarbons to alcohols and ketones with molecular oxygen under solvent- and initiator-free conditions at mild temperature. The performance of the MnOx/CeO2 catalyst is greater than that of noble metal and highly efficient Mn-Ce solid-solution catalysts. More importantly, the catalyst is stable and exhibits constant reactivity in continuous recycling tests. These results are important for the design of highly efficient catalysts for the selective oxidation of hydrocarbons.
Evaluation of retracted publications in Dentistry: A systematic review
Authors: Wadgave Umesh , Khairnar Mahesh R
Published: March 2022

Background: The objective of retracting flawed publications is to maintain the integrity of scientific literature. Retractions in the dental literature have been on the rise in recent years. Hence, we aimed to review retracted articles related to dentistry. Methods: A search was conducted of the MEDLINE database for retracted articles in the dental literature published between April 1, 1993 and March 31, 2020. The retracted articles and the notices of retraction were reviewed, and the findings are presented. Results: During the selected period, 143 articles were retracted. Redundant publication (n=50, 35%) was the most common reason for retraction, followed by plagiarism (n=43, 30.1%) and data manipulation (n=42, 29.4%). Around 70.6% (n=101) of retracted articles were original articles. Eight (5.6%) of the articles were single authored. The retracted articles have been cited by about 1300 publications, after the date of publication of the retraction notice. The gap between publication and retraction was longer for funded articles than for non-funded articles, and for articles retracted for data manipulation than for articles retracted for other types of misconduct. Twenty-one journals and nine authors retracted two or more papers. The majority of authors of retracted articles (224, 37%) were from India. Conclusion: Our study showed that the retraction of publications due to misconduct such as duplicate publication, plagiarism, data manipulation is a matter of concern and calls for strict measures to curb the menace of research misconduct.
Effects of altitude on the chemical composition of grapes and wine: a review
Authors: Mansour Georges , Ghanem Chantal , Mercenaro Luca , Nassif Nadine , Hassoun Georges , Del Caro Alessandra
Published: March 2022

Of the geographical parameters in a winegrowing site, altitude is an important determinant of wine composition and quality. Grape polyphenols and volatiles comprise a large and varied group of compounds that contribute considerably to the sensory and health-promoting properties of wine. This review surveys the impacts of altitude and its related climatic characteristics on the phenolic and aroma compounds of grapes and wine through the examination of existing literature. Furthermore, this review highlights the challenge of distinguishing the effects of parameters, such as air temperature, variety, vine water status, soil and UV radiation, from the altitude effect. Overall, high-altitude growing sites can favour an increase - albeit at different intensities - in content of many chemical compounds found in grapes and wine, such as total polyphenols, total monomeric anthocyanins, catechins, quercetin derivatives and cyanidin-derived anthocyanins, trihydroxylated flavonols, carotenoids, isoamyl acetate and ethyl hexanoate. However, the altitude factor seems to be cultivar-dependent; in fact, it can exert a positive effect on the concentrations of acylated anthocyanins and of total aroma compounds in some cultivars (e.g., Ekşikara and Glera) and a negative effect on the same components in other cultivars (e.g., Merlot and Cabernet-Sauvignon). Its influence on the polyphenol content can also differ between different parts of the same cultivar; for instance, an increase in skin tannins and a decrease in seed tannins have been found to be concomitant with an increase in altitude in Syrah grapes. Moreover, at higher altitude, the effect of an increase in UV-B radiation can lead to an enhancement in colour intensity due to an increase in the synthesis of anthocyanins, flavonols and tannins. Due to their cool climate, high-elevated winegrowing regions represent favourite cultivation sites under current and future global warming.
Features of formation of pedagogical competence of a university teacher in the leading countries of the world
Authors: Kozlovskiy Yuriy , Iievliev Oleksandr , Mykytyuk Oksana , Tiurina Tamara , Say Dmytro
Published: March 2022

The main purpose of the article is to study the main aspects of the formation of the pedagogical competence of a university teacher in leading countries. The idea of ​​forming a unified educational space as an integrative system in an information society has caused a change in the cognitive situation in science, which begins to acquire excessive subject diversity associated with an immense number of information flows and with the fact that knowledge acquires a new meaning in a post-industrial society. Modern information and telecommunication technologies have led to the emergence of new methods of cognition and communication, have significantly updated the research arsenal aimed at studying nature, culture, and society. In these conditions, the issue of professional development of scientific and pedagogical workers becomes especially acute. Taking this into account, an urgent need arose in universities to create conditions for professional competence, increase the requirements for the responsibility of teachers for the results of professional activities and improve the procedures for assessing the level of professional competence of scientific and pedagogical workers. As a result of the research, the most successful foreign experience of the process of forming the pedagogical competence of a university teacher was analyzed.
Career orientations of future specialists: factors of organizational culture
Authors: Bonkalo Tatiana , Volodarskaya Elena , Malyshev Andrey , Maskayeva Tatyana , Romanova Angela , Zhevak Regina
Published: March 2022

At present, the issues of professional development and professionalization of representatives of socionomic professions, the distinctive feature of which is serving other people, are relevant and practically significant. The study used a complex of psychodiagnostic techniques that allowed us to study the prevailing type of organizational culture of medical organizations (R. Harrison's questionnaire, adapted by S.A. Lipatov), the preferences of medical workers in building their professional careers (the ideas about a competitive medical worker (semantic differential - 16 opposite personality characteristics). The results of the study allow us to say that the type of organizational culture of a medical organization largely determines the views of medical workers about a competitive personality as a representative of medical professions and determines the orientation in their careers. To support the professional career of representatives of socionomic professions, it is necessary to develop and implement special programs aimed at forming the organizational culture of the organization, its orientation towards the development of the personality of each employee.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC FACTORS INFLUENCING THE REARING PERFORMANCE IN MINK (NEOVISON VISON)
Authors:   Department of Animal Anatomy and Zoology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 33, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland, Felska-Błaszczyk Lidia
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to indicate the relationship between various genetic and environmental factors and the results of kits rearing. Among the factors determining the degree of rearing of young kits, genetic factors should be mentioned, especially the color of the mink, and the environmental factors include: duration of labor, age of mothers, mating and laying time, length of pregnancy, litter size, nutrition, body condition the female and her milk yield, indoor microclimate, bacterial and viral diseases, or the care provided by the farm staff. As a result of the analysis, it can be concluded that the number of reared mink babies is influenced by both the color variety and a number of environmental factors, and the mink farmer's task is to get to know all these aspects and treat them comprehensively. The mink breeding should be carried out in such a way that the animal welfare is as good as possible, so that the females give birth to the healthiest and strongest litters.
Proteinuria – selected issues
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland, Skrzypczak Wiesław
Published: March 2022

Proteins in the urine of healthy individuals of various species are present in trace, practically immeasurable amounts. Under physiological conditions, the renal glomeruli filter out proteins with a molecular weight below 69 kDa, which are then almost completely reabsorbed in the proximal tubules. Occasionally, as an effect of low temperature, physical exercise, rapid change of body position, high-protein diet, medications, or at the end of pregnancy and in the postnatal period etc., proteins may be present in the urine of healthy individuals in higher amounts. This condition is referred to as physiological proteinuria. Most often, however, proteinuria is a symptom of a kidney disorder and may lead to further damage, eventually to renal failure. Proteinuria may be a result of: (a) increased penetration of proteins, mainly of low molecular weight, through the normal filtration membrane and the inability to absorb the increased amount of proteins in the proximal tubules – overflow proteinuria, (b) increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier, most often as a result of its damage – glomerular proteinuria, (c) damage to the renal tubules due to failure of reabsorption mechanisms – tubular proteinuria. Excretion of larger amounts of protein in the urine is always indicative of dysfunction of the kidneys and/or of the urinary tract. Having knowledge on the kind of excreted proteins (in terms of weight/size of the molecules) is very useful in medical and veterinary practice, as it enables early identification of the causes of proteinuria and distinguishing its etiology. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the role of uromodulin as a diagnostic marker of an early phase of renal dysfunction, especially of the tubules. The observations on the interaction of the digestive and excretory systems in the regulation of proteonemia in the postnatal period also seem to be important.