bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical study of asphaltene inhibitors effects on asphaltene precipitation of an Iranian oil field
Authors: Ahmadbaygi Afshar , Bayati Behrouz , Mansouri Mohsen , Rezaei Hossein , Riazi Masoud
Published: January 2020

The amount of precipitated asphaltene can be considerably reduced with pretreatment of asphaltene inhibitor, in the crude oil. Efficiency of asphaltene inhibitors mainly depends on some parameters such as pH of the oil and the chemical structure of asphaltene inhibitors. In this paper, the amounts of asphaltene precipitation have been experimentally measured using two n-paraffin precipitants; n-heptane and n-hexane. The performance of the studies on the asphaltene accumulation was studied using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy analysis. The onset point has been determined by three different commercial asphaltene inhibitors. The results show that when an asphaltene inhibitor is not injected into the mixture of synthetic oil/n-heptane, AOP (Asphaltene Onset Point) occurs at 35 vol.% of n-heptane, while with addition of 3000 ppm of asphaltene B inhibitor, AOP occurs at 60 vol.% of n-heptane.
Diagnósticos, intervenções e resultados de enfermagem cipe® a uma paciente com pielonefrite: relato de caso
Authors: Ferreira de Oliveira Brenner Kássio , Arouca da Silva Maxwell , Da Silva Carvalho Alessandra , Silva Raylesson Oliveira da , Da Silva Melo Amanda , Farias Cordeiro Cliviane , Suzuki Quéfren Guimarães , Cordeiro Priscilla Mendes
Published: January 2020

Resumo: Este artigo buscou relatar a experiência da prática da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem, com base nas demandas terapêuticas de uma paciente com pielonefrite de acordo com a teoria das necessidades humanas básicas e a CIPE®. Trata-se de um relato de caso com abordagem descritiva de acadêmicos e docentes de um curso de graduação em enfermagem do interior do Amazonas. Diagnósticos, intervenções e resultados de enfermagem foram construídos a partir dos termos constantes no Modelo de Sete Eixos da CIPE® versão 2.0. Foram elaborados 9 Diagnósticos de Enfermagem (DE) diretamente relacionados ao processo patológico: Risco de Infecção aumentada por presença de acesso venoso periférico, eliminação urinária prejudicada, marcha prejudicada, ansiedade da separação aumentada, dor aguda moderada, falta de apetite, sono prejudicado, aceitação da condição de saúde prejudicada, higiene corporal prejudicada. O uso da CIPE® para construção das afirmativas diagnósticas, nos mostra a possibilidade de outros métodos para aplicação do processo de enfermagem, possuindo aplicação individual como coletiva, revelando-se um instrumento que pode contribuir com a organização e a qualidade do cuidado prestado, orientando e facilitando a tomada de decisões no ambiente hospitalar.
Produksi dan Optimasi Biosurfaktan dari Bakteri Halofilik Chromohalobacter japonicus BK-AB18
Authors: Yuliana Cut , Hertadi Rukman , Wahyuningrum Deana
Published: January 2020

Perkembangan teknologi bioproses telah mendorong pendekatan ke arah produk surfaktan biologi (biosurfaktan) yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada optimasi produksi biosurfaktan dengan menggunakan variasi sumber karbon dan nitrogen. Tahap awal penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menguji potensi bakteri Chromohalobacter japonicus BK-AB18 penghasil biosurfaktan dengan  menggunakan metode uji hemolisis dimana hasil menunjukkan aktivitas hemolisis yang tinggi dengan  ukuran zona bening 3 cm pada media agar darah. Selanjutnya dilakukan produksi pada medium optimal dengan menambahkan 2% variasi sumber karbon terdiri dari minyak zaitun, minyak jagung, minyak kelapa sawit, minyak kacang kedelai dan minyak bunga matahari serta 0,3 % variasi nitrogen terdiri dari urea, NaNO3, NH4Cl, NH2(SO)4 and KNO3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produksi biosurfaktan dari Chromohalobacter japonicus BK-AB18 meningkat secara signifikan dengan menggunakan minyak zaitun sebagai sumber karbon dan urea sebagai sumber nitrogen dengan hasil penyebaran minyak 4,8 cm serta aktivitas biosurfaktan dengan nilai tegangan permukaan sebesar 34 dyne/cm, dan hasil uji emulsifikasi sebesar 76%.
Pengaruh Blending Biofuel dari Minyak Jelantah Terhadap Kerosin
Authors: Andrianti Irma , Monde Junety , Fauzan Akhmad , Lorianti Lorianti
Published: January 2020

Sumber energi terbarukan semakin mendapat perhatian, hal ini disebakan karena berkurangnya cadangan minyak dan meningkatnya kesadaran manusia akan lingkungan. Biofuel secara umum adalah bahan bakar berasal dari tumbuhan dan hewan. Blending adalah suatu proses pencampuran untuk mendapatkan produk yang memenuhi spesifikasi. Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah blending biofuel dengan kerosin yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik perbandingan rasio blending biofuel dengan kerosin. Analisa yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah bilangan asam, massa jenis, bilangan penyabunan, flash point, distilasi, dan bilangan iodin. Variabel penelitian rasio blending 5:95, 10:90, 15:85, 20:80, 25:75, 30:70. Nilai terbaik pada penelitian ini terdapat pada blending dengan rasio B30,  bilangan asam diperoleh rasio blending B30 0,08  mg/gram, massa jenis pada rasio blending B30 800 Kg/m3, bilangan penyabunan pada rasio blending B30 2,24 mg/gram,  flash point terbaik pada rasio blending B30 51°C, distilasi 90% pada rasio blending B30 298 °C dan bilangan iodin pada rasio blending B30 0,75 gram I2/gram minyak.
Seasonal Local Female Workers in Hazelnut Agriculture: The Case of Fatsa
Authors: BAŞ Latife , CİĞERCİ ULUKAN Nihan
Published: January 2020

The main purpose of this study is to make visible the female labor used in the production of hazelnuts which is important agricultural product for Turkey. Especially, women living in rural areas constitute the most disadvantageous in terms of the problems encountered. The invisibility of women's labor in rural areas emerges as informal and precarious and the vast majority of the work done with depreciation seen as an extension of domestic works. On the other hand, when the related literature is examined, even though many studies are carried out regarding the working and living conditions of women, the studies conducted with the women working in the agricultural sector are limited. Although these studies deal with the issue of labor in hazelnut farming with different dimensions, the women’s labor and gender perspective has not been mentioned very much. In this context, our study has been carried out on local and seasonal agricultural female workers who are generally ignored in the literature. In this context, in the two different villages of Fatsa District of Ordu, detailed interviews were conducted within the framework of semi-structured questionnaires with neutrally selected 20 women., In the interviews, sociological characteristics of women, ownership structure, working and living conditions, gender relations and future fictions of women have been asked.
On Platform of Foucault and Agamben: Bio-Politics
Authors: DUTLU Didem , ARI Mehmet
Published: January 2020

This article, by reseaching what “bio-politics” is and by discussing its position in political area over the effects of bio-political practices on “life and death”, tries to provide to establish ideational transmissions among different intellectual frameworks instead of approaching in a consuming attitude towards the concept often mentioned recently and to eliminate its ambiguity. For this purpose, this article scrutinizes “bio-politics” with its comprehensive structure articulated to highly-charged current issues by concentrating on two central names who light the fuse of this dynamism: Michel Foucault and Giorgio Agamben. In this context, it is valid to analyse the bio-political adventure of Foucault by using especially “power” and “governmentality” and of Agamben by focusing “bare life” and “state of exception”. Within this framework, it compares these philosophers through the transformation of “right over life and death”. In this regard, the principal purpose of this article is to try to position “bio-politics” in political area by analysing different thinking efforts around it and examining the changing borders between “life and death”.
ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTIVE BIOLOGY TEACHER CAPABILITIES IN ACQUIRING THE LEARNING CONCEPTS AND BIOLOGY SCIENCE MATERIALS IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Ningsih Kurnia
Published: January 2020

This study was aimed to analyse the ability of prospective Biology teachers to master the learning concepts and Biology Science materials in Junior High Schools. The used method in this study was a descriptive analysis, involving some prospective teachers (the students who were taking micro-teaching courses (PPL-1) in even semester of 2017/2018 academic year) in the Biology Education Study Programme FKIP Untan, as the research subjects. A total of 30 university students with GPA ≥ 3.00 were randomly selected. The instrument in this study was an ability assessment of learning concepts and materials of Biology Science in junior high schools. The data analysis was done in descriptively qualitative and quantitative methods; including data collection, data reduction, data presentation, data analysis using means and percentages, and conclusions eventually. The results showed that the prospective Biology teachers in mastering the concept of learning obtained an average value of 76.89 with A, B, and C grades respectively, 46.67%, 40.00%, and 13.33%. For mastering the biology science concept, it was obtained an average value of 75.73 with grade A, B, and C respectively, 33.33%, 46.67%, and 20.00%. It was certainly concluded that the ability of prospective biology teachers in mastering the concepts of learning and the materials of Biology Science was classified into the good category.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF BERORIENTASI BRAIN BASED LEARNING UNTUK MELATIH KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Susanti Vera Dewi , Adamura Fatriya
Published: January 2020

This study aims to find out how the process development of cooperative learning tools oriented to brain-based learning to train thinking skills critical mathematical students. The learning toolswdeveloped consisted of lesson plan, worksheet, and learning achievement test. Thiswdevelopment research method uses a modified 4-Df model which consistss of define,ydesign, andtdevelop. The result of this study is that the cooperative learning tool is brain-based learning that is good because the validator team states that the learning device that has been developed is valid, and the implementation of the test, the device meets certain requirements and THB is reliable, valid and sensitive.AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran kooperatif berorientasi brain based learning untuk melatih kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan meliputi: RPP, LKS dan THB. Penelitian pengembangan dilakukan dengan menggunakan model 4-D yang telah dimodifikasi yang terdiri dari define, design, dan develop. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah perangkat pembelajaran kooperatif berorientasi brain based learning yang baik telah didapatkan karena tim validator menyatakan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan valid, dan pelaksanaan uji coba, perangkat memenuhi syarat-syarat tertentu dan tes hasil belajar reliabel, valid dan sensitif.Kata Kunci: Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran, Pembelajaran Kooperatif, Brain Based Learning, Logaritma, Berpikir Kritis Matematis
Revenue policy features as an important direction of social policy
Authors: Biganova M. A.
Published: January 2020

The main provisions, essence and content of the revenue policy as a key part of the social policy of the state have been considered in the article. The author rightly notes, that the income policy is aimed at solving such important tasks as helping vulnerable groups of the population by resorting to the use of the social security system and leveling the inflationary processes that affect the income and savings of citizens. Various models of social regulation have been adduced, including the “Scandinavian” or “Swedish” model, monetarist, paternalistic, and others. The study have used various general scientific research methods: observation method, the systemic-functional method, method of synthesis and analysis, method of scientific abstraction.

The main directions of improving the implementation of the state social policy, which is presented as a voluminous, multi-faceted process that has a complex structure and intersects with many other areas of state activity, have been proposed. The conclusion has been formulated, that society does not exist by itself, so the social sphere is in constant interaction with other spheres, such as production of material goods, politics, culture and the environment. It has been noted, that social policy is recognized as effective when the entire social sphere is at a high level, and the society clearly shows a positive response to the actions of the state. Thus, the broader is such a policy, the greater is the completeness of the covered areas, both explicit (the fight against poverty, social protection, etc.) and implicit (relations between social groups, motivation in society, etc.), the more effective is the overall functioning of the state as a whole.
The foreign experience in training public procurement specialists on the example of the USA, Great Britain and China
Authors: Tsibikov V. A.
Published: January 2020

The article reveals the features of the training of specialists in public procurement in countries with different types of economies and forms of state power in terms of the training system, applied pedagogical forms, methods and tools. The training programs for training foreign educational institutions, which are characterized by sufficient variability and adaptability in accordance with the needs of students, the intensity of the use of various forms of training: full-time (classroom), distance (in the mode of video conferencing during webinars), as well as by sending educational material and monitoring performance via email have been analyzed. The content of other educational documents and official publications in the media, as well as the results of correspondence (through chatting and e-mail) with representatives of training courses and leading training centers, answers to information requests to state authorities responsible for functioning contract system, – have been taken into account.

Based on the results of the analysis, the following key positions, allowing us to observe fundamental differences in the training of public procurement specialists in the West and East countries: the degree of state participation in the regulation of the training system and the degree of severity of the educational function in the formation of the necessary level of legal awareness of procurement specialists have been highlighted. It has been established, that in the United States and Great Britain, private licensed organizations compete with each other in providing such educational services to those involved in the training of public procurement specialists. In China, due to the presence of problems in the fight against corruption in the actions of state customers, the closest attention is paid to the formation of the necessary personality traits of officials to minimize the risks of committing offenses in contractual legal relations.
The effectiveness of an innovation ecosystem formation as territory strategic development element
Authors: Korchagina I. V. , Sychjova-Peredero O. V.
Published: January 2020

The problem of assessing and justifying the cost-effectiveness of creating various elements of an innovation ecosystem of territories, in particular, regions has been analyzed in the article. Most of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are working on the formation of innovative ecosystems in the context of strategic economic management. However, this raises the issue of budget and economic cost-effectiveness. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodological approach and the main directions of determining the effectiveness of the formation of innovative ecosystems.

It has been shown, that it is incorrect to evaluate efficiency only by the direct budget effect. Based on expert interviews the main effects of the development of the region’s innovation ecosystem have been identified and classified. It has been allowed us to clarify specific areas of the influence of the innovation ecosystem on a number of economic indicators, including the gross regional product. The formulas for calculating the most important effects of the development of innovative ecosystems in terms of value have been proposed. The influence of innovation ecosystems on the achievement of public goals of socio-economic development of territories has been noted. Based on data on the development of an innovation ecosystem with a core in the form of a regional support university and the implementation of student entrepreneurial projects, key effects arising from costs from various sources have been identified.

It has been shown, that additional costs for the development of innovative ecosystems can be fully justified, provided that a full-fledged funnel of projects is implemented. Attention has been paid to the problem of more complete and accurate assessments of the long-term effects of the development of an innovation ecosystem for spatial significance, migration attractiveness, and the development of human capital of the territory. Conclusions about the significant impact of costs on the formation of an innovation ecosystem on the development of the territory (both existing and potential) have been made.
Russia’s place and role in the remittances world system
Authors: Narbut V. V.
Published: January 2020

The results of the analysis of Russia’s role in the world system of remittances for the period from 2010 to 2018 have been presented in the article. The volumes of cash outflow from Russia and their inflow to Russia have been determined. The features of cross-border cash flows with the Commonwealth of Independent States countries and foreign countries have been revealed, which consist in the fact, that Russia is characterized by an extremely high volume and rate of outflow of funds in the form of cross-border transfers, along with a low volume of their inflow. It has been established, that the exchange of funds with the Commonwealth of Independent States countries and with foreign countries are independent flows with their own characteristics.

The main foreign and CIS countries – Russia’s partners in cross-border money transfers-have been defined. The growth dynamics and the target structure of remittances have been assessed. It has been revealed, that cross-border remittances from Russia are characterized by seasonality: a steadily recurring growth of remittances in the fourth quarter and a decrease in the first quarter of each year. The results of the forecast of the volume of remittances of individuals for 2019 have been presented. In accordance with the forecast, the growth of remittances from the Russian Federation will continue in 2019. According to the forecast, 21,755 million dollars USA will be transferred abroad in the second half of 2019. In general, in 2019, the volume of money transfers abroad will be less than the volume of 2018 and will amount to 42,804 million dollars USA. In the first half of 2020, 17,635 million dollars USA is expected to be transferred abroad.
Large-Scale Assessment of Binding Free Energy Calculations in Active Drug Discovery Projects
Authors: Schindler Christina , Baumann Hannah , Blum Andreas , Böse Dietrich , Buchstaller Hans-Peter , Burgdorf Lars , Cappel Daniel , Chekler Eugene , Czodrowski Paul , Dorsch Dieter , Eguida Merveille , Follows Bruce , Fuchß Thomas , Grädler Ulrich , Gunera Jakub , Johnson Theresa , Jorand Lebrun Catherine , Karra Srinivasa , Klein Markus , Kötzner Lisa , Knehans Tim , Krier Mireille , Leiendecker Matthias , Leuthner Birgitta , Li Liwei , Mochalkin Igor , Musil Djordje , Neagu Constantin , Rippmann Friedrich , Schiemann Kai , Schulz Robert , Steinbrecher Thomas , Tanzer Eva-Maria , Unzue Lopez Andrea , Viacava Follis Ariele , Wegener Ansgar , Kuhn Daniel
Published: January 2020

Here we present an evaluation of the binding affinity prediction accuracy of the free energy calculation method FEP+ on internal active drug discovery projects and on a large new public benchmark set.
Surface curvature-quantized energy and forcefield in spacetime-warped chemical physics
Authors: Tian Zheng
Published: January 2020

Surface curvatures-quantized spacetime’s energy, forcefield, uncertainty and coupling were introduced consistently for geometrizing chemical physics generally to support well-established theories, tackle longstanding problems, predict new chemistry and chemical biology, geometrize Heisenberg’s Uncertainty, and quantize and generalize Einstein’s spacetime.
WS2/MoS2 Heterostructures via Thermal Treatment of MoS2 Layers Electrostatically Functionalized with W3S4 Molecular Clusters
Authors: Morant-Giner Marc , Brotons-Alcazar Isaac , Shmelev Nikita Y. , Gushchin Artem L. , Norman Luke , Khlobystov Andrei N. , Alberola Antonio , tatay Sergio , Canet-Ferrer J. , Forment-Aliaga Alicia , Coronado Eugenio
Published: January 2020

The preparation of 2D stacked layers that combine flakes of different nature, gives rise to countless number of heterostructures where new band alignments, defined at the interfaces, control the electronic properties of the system. Among the large family of 2D/2D heterostructures, the one formed by the combination of the most common semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides WS2/MoS2, has awaken great interest due to its photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical properties. Solution as well as dry physical methods have been developed to optimize the synthesis of these heterostructures. Here a suspension of negatively charged MoS2 flakes is mixed with a methanolic solution of a cationic W3S4-core cluster, giving rise to a homogeneous distribution of the clusters over the layers. In a second step, a calcination under N2 of this molecular/2D heterostructure leads to the formation of clean WS2/MoS2 heterostructures where the photoluminescence of both counterparts is quenched, proving an efficient interlayer coupling. Thus, this chemical method combines the advantages of a solution approach (simple, scalable and low-cost) with the good quality interfaces reached by using more complicated traditional physical methods.
General Screening of Surface Alloys for Catalysis
Authors: Montemore Matthew , Nwaokorie Chukwudi F. , Kayode Gbolade O.
Published: January 2020

Intensive research in catalysis has resulted in design parameters for many important catalytic reactions; however, designing new catalysts remains difficult, partly due to the time and expense needed to screen a large number of potential catalytic surfaces. Here, we create a general, efficient model that can be used to screen surface alloys for many reactions without any quantum-based calculations. This model allows the prediction of the adsorption energies of a variety of species (explicitly shown for C, N, O, OH, H, S, K, F) on metal alloy surfaces that include combinations of nearly all of the d-block metals. We find that a few simple structural features, chosen using data-driven techniques and physical understanding, can be used to predict electronic structure properties. These electronic structure properties are then used to predict adsorption energies, which are in turn used to predict catalytic performance. This framework is interpretable and gives insight into how underlying structural features affect adsorption and catalytic performance. We apply the model to screen more than 107 unique surface sites on approximately 106 unique surfaces for 7 important reactions. We identify novel surfaces with high predicted catalytic performance, and demonstrate challenges and opportunities in catalyst development using surface alloys. This work shows the utility of a general, reusable model that can be applied in new contexts without requiring new data to be generated.
C2: More complicated than it sounds
Authors: de Farias Robson
Published: January 2020

The present work is another contribution to a better understanding of the chemical bond in C2. A density functional approach is employed, and the obtained results (bond distance and bond dissociation energy) agrees very well with the previously [2-4] valence bond results. The obtained results also points to a bond order of four, reinforcing previously obtained data [3]. Furthermore, based on the calculated IR and Raman spectra, is proposed that C2 exhibits, at an electronic level, an asymmetry, and that such molecule has not, in fact, a centre of inversion.
Ten Facets, One Force Field: The GAL19 Force Field for Water - Noble Metal Interfaces
Authors: Clabaut Paul , Fleurat-Lessard Paul , Michel Carine , Steinmann Stephan
Published: January 2020

Understanding the structure of the water/metal interfaces plays an important role in many are as ranging from surface chemistry to environmental processes. Due to their intrinsic complexity, the water/metal interfaces cannot yet be adequately described by quantum mechanical approaches and accurate force-ﬁelds are therefore needed. We develop and parametrize GAL19, a novel force-ﬁeld to describe the interaction of water with two facets (111 and 100) of ﬁve metals (Pt, Pd, Au, Ag, Cu). To increase transferability compared to its predecessor GAL17, the water-metal interaction is described as a sum of pair-wise terms. The interaction energy has three contributions: (i) physisorption is described via a Tang and Toennies potential, (ii) chemisorption and surface corrugation relies on an attractive Gaussian term and (iii) the angular dependence is explicitly included as a truncated Fourier series. 13 parameters are used for each metal surface and were ﬁtted on 250 water adsorption energies computed at the PBE+dDsC level. The performance of GAL19 was evaluated on a set of more than 600 DFT adsorption energies for each surface, leading to an average root mean square deviation (RMSD) of only 1 kcal/mol, correctly reproducing the adsorption trends: strong on Pt and Pd but weaker on Ag, Au and Cu. This force-ﬁeld was then used to simulate the water/metal interface for all ten surfaces for 1 ns. Structural analyses reveal similar tendencies for all surfaces: a ﬁrst, dense water layer that is mostly adsorbed on the metal top sites, and a second layer up to around 6 Å, which is less structured. On Pt and Pd, the ﬁrst layer is strongly organized with water lying ﬂat on the surface. The pairwise additive functional form allows to simulate the water adsorption on alloys, which is demonstrated at the example of Ag/Cu and Au/Pt alloys. The water/Ag-Cu interface is predicted to be disordered with water mostly adsorbed on Cu which should exacerbate the Ag reactivity. On the contrary, incorporating Pt into Au materials leads to a structuring of the water interface. Our promising results make GAL19 an ideal candidate to get representative sampling of complex metal/water interfaces as a ﬁrst step towards accurate estimation of free energies of reactions in solution at the metal interface.
γ-C(sp2)–H Arylation of Allylamines Using PdII and CO2 as a Transient Directing Group
Authors: Landge Vinod , Maxwell Justin , Chand-Thakuri Pratibha , Kapoor Mohit , Diemler Evan , Young Michael
Published: January 2020

Although C–H activation has become a powerful tool in the synthesis of complex molecules from simple precursors, transition metal-catalyzed reactions involving free alkenes often lead to insertion-type reactions. Herein we demonstrate that the addition of carbon dioxide in the form of dry ice allows the C(sp2)–H arylation of both secondary and primary allylamines in the presence of a PdII catalyst. Notably, the product 3,3’-diarylallylamine motif is prevalent in a variety of biologically-relevant structures, and this method represents the most straightforward synthesis of these targets to date. Key features of the method are the ability to access relatively mild conditions that facilitate a broad substrate scope, as well as direct diarylation of terminal allylamine substrates. In addition, several complex and therapeutically-relevant molecules are included to demonstrate the utility of the transformation.
Geometry-Wave Potential Quantified and Unified Properties in General Chemistry
Authors: Tian Zheng
Published: January 2020

Many long-known but never-quantified properties in chapters of the general chemistry have for the first time been quantified and consistently unified, using the particles (i.e. atoms, clusters, ions, moelcules, nanoparticles) geometro-wave (GW) energy being introduced herein. The GW-energy is proven able to help quantitative predictions and comparisons in the Lewis acid-base chemistry, self-assembly, electrochemistry, surface chemistry, and catalysis of the particles.
A study on new experimental induction of wound using metal surface contact in a rat model
Authors: Balaji K  , Perumal Saraswathi  , Prabhu K  , Shila Samuel  , Siva T
Published: January 2020

Burns injury is a global issue; when burns left unmonitored, it may lead to sepsis & hypovolemia. It majorly contributing to the country's morbidity and mortality. Accidental burns are quite common throughout the world. The degree of burns differs variably, and to identify a possible therapeutic option, it is of great importance for the researchers and scientists. Achieving a uniform burn wound model is thus required to study the burns injury at different levels involving epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. The goal of this study is to create a simple third-degree contact burn in Wistar albino rats. Third-degree contact burn wound was monitored on 7th, 14th, and 21st day for natural wound healing under gross and histopathological observation. Gross observation reported damaged skin to appear dry, leathery, and charred. Wound closure was observed to be delayed and incomplete on day 21. Histopathology revealed a wound healing process by hematoxylin and eosin method. This metal surface contact method revealed a simplified and cost-effective method for inducing a third degree of a wound in Wistar rats. The study is thus a milestone that could enable research progress in the area of wound healing.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Novel Coumarin Derivatives
Authors: Sanaryh Mohammed Al-awad  , Leaqaa Abdalredha raheem  , Ausama Ayob Jaccob
Published: January 2020

The current work focuses on new architecture, synthesis of coumarin-oxadiazole hybrid derivative products as both these (coumarin ring and oxadiazole) have a wide variety of biological behavior, Compounds containing the nucleus of coumarin (2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) are an interesting class of hetero cycles which hold an important role in the field of natural ingredients and synthetic organic chemistry.    It has been exciting medicinal chemists to study native coumarins or synthetic analogs for their application for decades. And they can be further modified to synthesize more effective and potent drugs. Compounds have been characterized by spectrophotometry of physicochemical properties and their structures verified by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) Such new derivatives of coumarinyl-oxadiazole was qualified to estimate the lethal dose, anticancer, anticoagulant and antioxidant activity. Their pharmacological properties depend on their pattern of substitution, compound S4F proved significant anticoagulant activity in concentration (50, 100, 200 mg/ml) similar for heparin, and monitor the coagulation effect on plasma, while compound S4CO give significant anticancer activity against MCF-7 a breast cancer cell. Specific compounds have strong antioxidants with the effective action of radical scavengers; the S4Cl compound with IC50 1.49 is the most potent antioxidant activity note. Basically, all the formulations tested reported satisfactory behavior. The review shows that varieties of coumarin derivatives have synthesized and shown anti-cancer, antioxidant and anti-coagulant potentials. These derivatives synthesis and its biological assay can be further modified in the future to improve the anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anticoagulant potentials of the versatile coumarin nucleus.
Recent Development in Sustained Release Beads
Authors: Pradeep Kumar S  , Gowda D V  , Vikas Jain
Published: January 2020

The sustained release system is formulated to release a drug slowly over a period of time in the body. The sustained release system is having more therapeutic activity of a drug when compared to immediate release. Beads is one of the most commonly used technique in a sustained release dosage form. These are the spherical particle with size ranging from 50nm to 2mm, which contains core substances. The molecular size of the drug particle must be lesser than 1000 Dalton to formulate as SRDF. This article also contains the method of preparation by the emulsion cross-linking method. The ionic gelation process used calcium chloride as a crosslinking agent to successfully produce alginate beads. It is concluded that the release of spores and metaloxyl from the beads was controllable and sustainable, which is essential to the environment and ecosystem in the biocontrol of aflatoxin and pesticide management. The drug-like acetazolamide is prepared by using calcium alginate, and glipizide beads is coating is explained. Information about iron cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose gelatin coacervate beads is mentioned, a brief explanation about the oyster hydrolysate containing in liposome in alginate beads is given. Then ofloxacin interpenetrating polymer beads to taste masking for sustained release information is added. The present sustained-release beads in the market is included.
Altering microtubule dynamics is synergistically toxic with spindle assembly checkpoint inhibition
Authors: Schukken Klaske M , Lin Yu-Chih , Bakker Petra L , Schubert Michael , Preuss Stephanie F , Simon Judith E , van den Bos Hilda , Storchova Zuzana , Colomé-Tatché Maria , Bastians Holger , Spierings Diana CJ , Foijer Floris
Published: January 2020

Chromosomal instability (CIN) and aneuploidy are hallmarks of cancer. As most cancers are aneuploid, targeting aneuploidy or CIN may be an effective way to target a broad spectrum of cancers. Here, we perform two small molecule compound screens to identify drugs that selectively target cells that are aneuploid or exhibit a CIN phenotype. We find that aneuploid cells are much more sensitive to the energy metabolism regulating drug ZLN005 than their euploid counterparts. Furthermore, cells with an ongoing CIN phenotype, induced by spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) alleviation, are significantly more sensitive to the Src kinase inhibitor SKI606. We show that inhibiting Src kinase increases microtubule polymerization rates and, more generally, that deregulating microtubule polymerization rates is particularly toxic to cells with a defective SAC. Our findings, therefore, suggest that tumors with a dysfunctional SAC are particularly sensitive to microtubule poisons and, vice versa, that compounds alleviating the SAC provide a powerful means to treat tumors with deregulated microtubule dynamics.
LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK SELF MANAGEMENT UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN REGULASI DIRI SISWA KELAS VIII
Authors: Habibi Ahmad
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of group guidance services with self management techniques to develop self-regulation in students. This type of research is quantitative research through true experimental design research method with a pre-test post-test control group design model. The population in this study were 178 students. The sample in the study were 20 eighth grade students of Muhammadiyah 3 Junior High School Semarang who were taken using simple random sampling technique. The data collection tool used is the scale of self regulation. Based on the results of the hypothesis test analysis obtained the results of t count tcount = 4.28. Then consulted with ttable with a significance level of 5% (0.05) which is 2,100. This shows that tcount = 4.28>ttable = 2.100. On the basis of these calculations, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) which reads there is the influence of group guidance services with self management techniques to develop self-regulation ability of class VIII students of Muhammadiyah 3 Semarang Middle School in 2017/2018 academic year received the truth at 5% significance level. Thus, it shows that group guidance services with self managementtechniques can develop self-regulation skills of eighth grade students of Muhammadiyah 3 Middle School SemarangKeywords: Group Guidance, Self Management Techniques, Self Regulation
BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK SIMULATION GAMES TERHADAP KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL SISWA KELAS XI IPS
Authors: Ibtyandi Tsamara Revinda , Rakhmawati Dini , Lestari Farikha Wahyu
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik simulation games terhadap komunikasi interpersonal siswa kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri 3 Pemalang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksprimen kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian Quasi Experimental menggunakan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 18 siswa, 9 siswa untuk kelompok eksperimen dan 9 siswa untuk kelompok kontrol dengan menggunakan sampling sistematis. Dalam penelitian ini data diperoleh melalui instrumen penelitian berupa skala psikologi komunikasi interpersonal dan wawancara. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-test, treatment, dan post-test. Treatment dilaksanakan sebanyak lima kali pada kelompok eksperimen dengan rata-rata 101 menjadi 117,22 meningkat sebanyak 16,22. Hasil uji hipotesis diperoleh hasil thitung = 2,325 dikonsultasikan dengan taraf signifikansi 5% (0,05) yaitu 2,120. Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa thitung = 2,325 > ttabel = 2,120. Disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik simulation games terhadap komunikasi interpesonal siswa kelas XI IPS SMA Negei 3 Pemalang.Kata kunci : Bimbingan Kelompok, Teknik Simulation Games, Komunikasi Interpersonal
Кавказ в системе геополитических представлений ф.М. Достоевского
Authors: Михновец Мария
Published: January 2020

Статья посвящена вопросу о месте Кавказа в системе геополитических воззрений Ф.М. Достоевского. На материале публицистики писателя показано, что Кавказ в его картине мира является территорией, принадлежащей Российской империи и недавно вошедшей в ее состав. Характерной чертой региона оказывается его принципиальная «инаковость», однако вопрос о ее специфике не проблематизируется. Особое место в статье посвящено вопросу о религиозной принадлежности Кавказа, который для Достоевского оказывается гомогенным в своей символической причастности к мусульманскому миру.
Printable Table of Contents: Informing Science Journal, Volume 23, 2020
Authors: Cohen Eli
Published: January 2020

Table of Contents for Volume 23 of Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, 2020.
The Relationship Between Military Expenditures and Economic Freedom in the Middle East and North Africa Region
Authors: SÖZEN İlyas , TUFANER Mustafa Batuhan
Published: January 2020

The relationship between military
expenditures and economic growth has been widely studied in the literature. However,
there are no studies focusing on the relationship between military expenditures
and economic freedom in the literature. In countries with high levels of
economic freedom, democratic regime transitions are more comfortable.
Therefore, military expenditures are expected to decrease as potential internal
turmoil, and external threats will be reduced in countries with high economic
freedom. This study examines the relationship between military expenditures and
economic freedom in 13 MENA countries (Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Israel,
Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Turkey)
during the period 1996-2018 by using panel data analysis. It was found that
economic growth, tax burden, and trade freedom had a positive impact on
military expenditures. It was also concluded that property rights, monetary
freedom, government integrity, and investment freedom negatively affected
military expenditures. Besides, it is understood that there is a bidirectional
causal relationship between military expenditures and tax burden, property
rights, monetary freedom, government integrity, investment freedom, and
business freedom. On the other hand, there is a unidirectional causality
relationship from economic growth to military expenditures and from military
expenditures to trade freedom.
Role of Protocatechuic Acid (PCA) on Hepatoxicity and Nephrotoxicity Induced by 2, 3, 7, 8-Tetracholorodibenzo-P-Dioxin (TCDD) in Rats
Authors: SAVCI Ahmet , ÖZDEMİR İlknur
Published: January 2020

It
is known that TCDD, one of the most toxic dioxin compounds, causes oxidative
damage by forming free radical in human and animal tissues. In this study, the
protective effect of PCA, an important phenolic compound, was examined in rat
kidney and liver tissues with TCDD-induced toxicity. For this purpose, 28
Wistar Albino rats (3-4 months old and weighing 280-310 g) were used. Rats were
randomly divided into 4 equal groups (control, TCDD, PCA and TCDD+PCA). TCDD
and PCA were dissolved in corn oil at doses of 2 µg/kg and 100 mg/kg,
respectively. Subsequently, the substances were administered to the rats by
oral gavage for 45 days. The test results showed that in both kidney and liver
tissues, TCDD increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) but inhibited the
level of glutathione (GSH) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),
catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). PCA administration was
found to increase the enzyme activities and GSH levels, whereas it decreased
the TCDD and MDA levels. In conclusion, it was observed that PCA decreased the
TCDD-induced lipid peroxidation, increasing the antioxidant activity.
Therefore, it might be suggested that PCA is a potential reducing agent for the
toxicity caused by TCDD.
Web Tabanlı Bitki Bilgi Sitemi (BBS): Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Kanuni Yerleşkesi Örneği
Authors: ALKİŞ Kamber Can , ÜNVER OKAN Saliha
Published: January 2020

Günümüzde, şehir yaşamındaki stres,
beton çevre, trafik ve kirlilik gibi olumsuz yaşam koşulları nedeniyle insanların
bu alanlardan uzaklaşarak doğanın sunduğu doğal güzelliklerden yararlanma
istekleri artmaktadır. Eğlenme ya da dinlenme amaçlı olarak ziyaret edilen;
milli park, tabiat parkı, botanik parkı ya da arboretum sahalarında insanlar
çok sayıda ve farklı bitki türleriyle karşılaşırlar. Daha önce değişik milli
park, botanik parkları ve üniversite kampüslerinde yapılan gözlemlerde ziyaretçilerin
ve kullanıcıların/öğrencilerin birçoğunun alanda bulunan bitki türlerinin isim
ve özellikleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak istedikleri gözlemlenmiştir. Bu
çalışmada, gelişen teknoloji ile kullanımı yaygınlaşmakta olan “Open Data”
kavramından esinlenerek bitkilerin botanik özelliklerini içeren kare kodlar
oluşturulması ve kullanıcıların mobil cihazları aracılığıyla bu bilgilere direk
ulaşımını sağlayan bir yazılım geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma alanı
olarak çok sayıda değişik ağaç, ağaççık ve çalı türü barındıran Karadeniz
Teknik Üniversitesi Kanuni Kampüsü seçilmiştir. Kampüste en yaygın olarak
bulunan 13 ağaç türünün botanik özellikleri, görselleri ve konumlarını içeren bir
veri tabanı oluşturulmuş ve her biri için kare kod geliştirilmiştir. Yazılım,
Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi web ara yüzünden yararlanarak Leaflet aracı
yardımıyla HTML editörlerinden Visual Studio Code programında yazılmıştır.
Kullanıcıların mobil cihazları ile kare kodların barındırdığı öznitelik
bilgilerine ve OpenStreetMap açık kaynaklı kod sistemi ile konumsal bilgilerine
kolaylıkla ulaşabilmesi sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen
Web-BBS programı, çok sayıda ziyaretçi çeken değişik bitki müzeleri için örnek
teşkil edecektir.
Exergoeconomic Analysis of an Industrial Cogeneration Cooling System Powered By Natural Gas Fueled Diesel Engine
Authors: YILMAZ Ceyhun
Published: January 2020

This study
presents the exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a natural gas-powered diesel
cogeneration system. The cogeneration system is designed for a sports complex
with 1000 m2 closed area in Afyonkarahisar city. Natural gas is used as the
fuel in the cogeneration system of the sports complex, which includes a
swimming pool and ice rink. The natural gas diesel engine is used as the
primary energy source for the cogeneration system. In the system, the
electricity required for the cooling cycle is produced from the natural gas
diesel engine. At the same time, the engine exhaust gases are used in the
process of heat generation for swimming pool water heating. Finally, the waste
heat discharged from the system is used to produce electricity in the
thermoelectric power unit. The cogeneration system was modeled thermodynamically
by the EES program on a computer and then economically analyzed by using the
Aspen Plus program.  The operation of the
cogeneration system is described in detail, and a methodology based on
exergoeconomic relations and SPECO method is provided to allocate cost flows
through subcomponents of the system. The results were compared by using
thermodynamic and exergoeconomic performance parameters.  The exergetic efficiency of the cogeneration
system is found to be 28.74%, which indicates that 71.26% of the total exergy
input to the system, mainly by natural gas, is destroyed. As a result of the
economic analysis of the cogeneration system, the investment cost was
calculated as 62,000 $. The exergetic cost rate and the specific unit exergetic
cost of the power produced in the cogeneration system are calculated to be 0.75
$/h and 10.93 $/GJ (0.039 $/kWh), respectively. The specific unit exergetic
cost of the energy produced in the cogeneration system for cooling the ice rink
and heating the swimming pool in the sports complex are calculated to be 6.152
$/GJ (0.022 $/kWh) and 4.221 $/GJ (0.0152 $ /kWh), respectively.
Orman Ürünleri Sanayi Çalışanlarının İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliğine Kaderci Bakış Açılarının Tespit Edilmesine Yönelik Bir Alan Araştırması
Authors: AYDIN Aytaç , CEYLAN Gizem
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmada, orman ürünleri sanayi işletmelerinde çalışanların iş sağlığı ve güvenliği uygulamalarına bakışlarının kaderci yaklaşım çerçevesinde nasıl şekillendiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu amaçla hazırlanan anket formu İzmir ve Balıkesir illerinde bulunan sekiz orman ürünleri işletmesinde çalışan 470 kişi üzerinde uygulanmış ve istatistiksel analizler yapılarak sonuçlar ortaya koyulmuştur. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, kaderci yaklaşımın eğitim durumu, cinsiyet, iş kazası geçirme durumu ve orman ürünleri alt sektörleri düzeyinde anlamlı farklılıklar gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, kaderci yaklaşımın toplam çalışma süresi, medeni durum ve yaş gruplarına göre farklılık göstermediği ortaya çıkmıştır. İş kazalarının yaklaşık %99’unun önlenebilir niteliğe sahip olduğu göz önüne alındığında, orman ürünleri çalışanları arasında kaderci yaklaşım düzeylerinin yüksekliği ve değişkenliğinin önemli bir sorun olarak görülmesi gerektiği aşikârdır.