bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of the platelet-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic indicator in patients with intracranial hemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yuan Xiang , Zhang Sen , Wan Jun , Yang Jingxian , Deng Yongjie , Feng Yuning , Bao Qingyu , Liu Xin , Shen Yihong , Chen Xian , Zeng Jingyao , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2025

Background

The prognostic value of platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in ischemic stroke had been investigated in previous studies. However, the results of studies on PLR in patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) are inconsistent. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to determine the prognostic value of PLR in predicting functional outcome and mortality in patients with ICH.

Methods

We searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and CNKI for relevant studies up to 10th June 2024. The Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was applied to evaluate the quality of the included studies. We calculated the pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) between PLR and both functional outcome (as measured by the modified Rankin Scale, mRS) as well as mortality. Poor functional outcomes were defined as mRS > 2.

Results

A total of 6 studies with 2992 patients were included. The random effects meta-analysis demonstrated that elevated PLR exhibited an association with poor functional outcome in patients with ICH (OR = 1.69; 95% CI [1.39–2.07]; P<0.0001; I2 = 24%). Similarly, elevated PLR was associated with mortality in patients with ICH (OR = 1.65; 95% CI [1.12–2.43]; P = 0.01; I2 = 31%).

Conclusion

This study suggested that elevated PLR was significantly associated with poor functional outcome (mRS>2) and increased mortality, indicating that elevated PLR could serve as a reliable a prognostic factor for unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with ICH. It is advisable to conduct extensive prospective investigations across diverse ethnic backgrounds to verify the accuracy of this correlation prior to its utilization in clinical settings.
Exploring the science and data foundation for Federal public lands decisions
Authors: Foster Alison C. , Canchola Andrew T. , Haby Travis S. , Carter Sarah K.
Published: February 2025

Public lands provide diverse resources, values, and services worldwide. Laws and policies typically require consideration of science in public lands decisions, and resource managers are committed to science-informed decision-making. However, it can be challenging for managers to use, and document the use of, science and data in their decisions. To better understand science and data use in Federal public lands decisions in the United States, we assessed the number, type, and age of documents cited in 70 Environmental Assessments (EAs) completed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in Colorado from 2015–2019. We focused on the BLM, as they manage the largest area of public lands in the United States. We selected Colorado as our study area, as actions proposed on BLM lands in Colorado are representative of those across the nation. Fifty percent of citations were categorized as science and 23% as data. EAs contained an average of 17 citations (range 0–111), with documents analyzing effects of oil and gas development and recreation actions including the highest and lowest mean number of citations (41 and 6, respectively). Of individual resource analysis sections within EAs, 24% contained ≥1 science citation and 21% contained ≥1 data citation. Journal articles were the most cited type of document (26% of citations) followed by non-BLM inventories (13%). Forty-seven percent of citations were relatively recent (2010 or later); the oldest citation was from 1927. Commonly analyzed resources with the highest mean number of citations were socioeconomics, mineral resources, and noise. Fourteen of 33 commonly analyzed resources included <1 citation on average. Actions and resources with no or few citations represent opportunities for strengthening the transparent use of science and data in public lands decision-making.
Implementation research to develop an optimized delivery model for effective implementation of evidence-based interventions to reduce stillbirth in India: A study protocol
Authors: Pathak Gadapani Barsha , Mukherjee Reema , Kandpal Vani , Agarwal Abhishek , Mony Prem , Washington Maryann , Mazumder Sarmila , Arora N. K.
Published: February 2025

Background

Stillbirth remains a public health concern in India, despite a decrease in reported rates. Inconsistent data collection hampers clear understanding the burden of stillbirth, and interventions for its reduction are scattered across various national programs. This research aims to explore effective strategies to improve the delivery and uptake of high-quality antenatal and intrapartum care services which have the potential to reduce stillbirth rates in various states of India.

Methods

This mixed-method, multi-site study in India will be conducted in three phases: Phase 1: Formative Phase; Phase 2: Development of a Comprehensive Package for Stillbirth Reduction and Optimization of the implementation model and Phase 3: Scale-up of comprehensive package and monitoring of optimized strategy/model. Participants will include pregnant women, women who have recently delivered, family members, respectable community members, healthcare workers and staff, state and district health authorities. The effectiveness of intervention package and optimized implementation model in reducing stillbirth will be evaluated using a pre-post quasi-experimental design. The burden of stillbirth will be estimated through community survey, recording pregnancy outcomes for women who have delivered within the past one year. Various methods including semi-structured questionnaires, verbal autopsies, and in-depth qualitative interview guides, review of clinical case sheets will be used to assess the causes of stillbirth. Additionally, government health facilities will be assessed and strengthened over study period. This study will utilize implementation science theories, models, and frameworks (TMF), including the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to identify barriers and facilitators, and the evaluative TMF of RE-AIM (Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation and maintenance) to monitor the optimized model. The primary outcome is the development of a scalable, sustainable model of intervention package and delivery strategies to reduce stillbirths. The secondary outcome includes a robust estimation of burden, timing, and risk factors of stillbirths across all study sites. Certain sites will conduct an economic evaluation to assess the incremental cost of implementing comprehensive packages using the optimized implementation model.

Discussion

This innovative study addresses a critical public health gap in context of stillbirth reduction in India. Integrating proven interventions with real-world implementation challenges across diverse regions, this project aims to develop a comprehensive and replicable model. If successful, this model can significantly improve stillbirth prevention in low-resource settings.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov CTRI-2024/07/069796.
Effects of outdoor play on body composition and physical performance in children: the Yamanashi Adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Wako Masanori , Fujimaki Taro , Ichikawa Jiro , Koyama Kensuke , Shinohara Ryoji , Otawa Sanae , Kobayashi Anna , Horiuchi Sayaka , Kushima Megumi , Yamagata Zentaro , Haro Hirotaka ,   on behalf of the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Childhood is a pivotal developmental stage that substantially affects lifelong habits. Recent research has emphasized the vital role of outdoor play in children’s mental and physical well-being. Despite the World Health Organization recommending 1 hour of daily physical activity for children, a knowledge gap exists regarding the specific link between children’s physical performance, body composition (evaluated through bioelectrical impedance analysis [BIA]), and outdoor play habits.

Methods

Utilizing data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a national birth cohort study, this study included 494 eight-year-old participants. The assessment included body composition (height, weight, body fat percentage, predicted muscle weight, and phase angle using BIA) and physical performance (50 m sprint, standing long jump, 20 m shuttle run, and handgrip strength). Parents provided information on children’s outdoor playtime.

Results

The group with more outdoor play demonstrated superior sports test results, particularly among boys. Girls engaged in increased outdoor play exhibited higher predicted muscle weights, whereas boys showed greater phase angles in the lower limbs. Handgrip strength correlated with phase angle and predicted muscle weight. Notably, the association between body composition and sports test results was more pronounced in boys than in girls, with phase angles exhibiting stronger links to running and jumping.

Conclusion

This pioneering study explored the relationship between outdoor play, body composition, and physical performance in children. Outdoor play positively correlated with improved sports performance, revealing sex disparities in body composition changes. Unlike previous studies focusing on general physical development, this study scrutinized specific physical functions, uncovering correlations between phase angle and muscle quality. Findings suggest that outdoor play positively impacts muscle quality, especially in boys, contributing to enhanced physical performance in children. Understanding these effects on body composition and physical activity is imperative for promoting children’s health.
The role of iron deficiency and factors associated with anemia during pregnancy in Southeastern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Bereket Tedros , Tela Freweini Gebrearegay , Gebretsadik Gebretsadkan Gebremedhin , Beyene Selemawit Asfaw
Published: February 2025

Background

Pregnant women are more likely to experience anemia due to their increased need for nutrients, and anemia has been associated with unfavorable maternal-fetal outcomes. In Ethiopia, anemia rates are increasing despite efforts to reduce them. Besides, the extent to which iron deficiency contributes to anemia in this population is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the role of iron deficiency and factors associated with anemia during pregnancy in the southeastern zone of Tigray, Ethiopia.

Method

A facility-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 311 pregnant women who attended four health facilities in the southeastern zone of Tigray region from January to June 2020. The study utilized a semi-structured, pretested questionnaire to collect data. The data were entered into Epi data 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Candidate variables with a p-value ≤ 0.25 in the bivariate logistic regression were considered to the final model of multivariate logistic regression analysis. Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value of ≤ 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance for the factors associated with anemia.

Results

A total of 311 mothers had completed the survey with a response rate of 98.1%. The overall magnitude of anemia was 55(17.7%). Out of the anemic pregnant women, 30(54.5%) were due to iron deficiency. Third-trimester pregnancy (AOR = 4.9; 95% CI:1.49, 15.98), interpregnancy gap of ≤ 2 years (AOR = 7.7; 95% CI: 2.71, 21.64), coffee/tea intake immediately after meal (AOR = 3.0; 95% CI: 1.02, 8.92), low diet diversity score (AOR = 4.2; 95% CI: 1.02,17.57), not taking iron-folic acid supplementation (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.05, 6.70), and Mid upper arm circumference value of < 23cm (AOR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.16, 6.47) were independent factors associated with anemia.

Conclusion

Based on the findings, anemia is a mild public health concern in the study areas. Additionally, over 50% of the anemia cases were attributed to iron deficiency anemia. Nutritional counseling on food diversification, especially the consumption of iron-rich foods, and delaying the drinking of coffee/tea after a meal, as well as iron-folic acid supplementation, are needed to reduce anemia in the study area.
Violencia verbal y discurso televisivo. Análisis pragmalingüístico de la figura del moderador-excitador
Authors: Brenes Peña Ester
Published: February 2025

En los últimos años, el medio televisivo, movido por el deseo de obtener una mayor rentabilidad económica, ha potenciado el empleo de un discurso caracterizado por su mayor coloquialidad y por la presencia de un mayor número de elementos verbales descorteses. Las leyes del mercado dictan que los mensajes emitidos se moldeen de forma que puedan ser comprendidos por una amplia capa de la sociedad y que, además, capten la atención del telespectador por medio de la transgresión de lo considerado socialmente adecuado. Nuestro objetivo, a lo largo de estas páginas, consiste en indagar en el segundo de estos aspectos, es decir, en las causas y posibles consecuencias que posee este aumento de la descortesía y violencia verbal en televisión, medio de comunicación de masas convertido en modelo idiomático para millones de hablantes. Para ello, nos centramos en el análisis de un género determinado, las tertulias, y, más concretamente, en el estudio de la evolución que ha sufrido una de las figuras que participan en él: el rol del moderador.
Radio e ideología: la ridiculización a través del lenguaje
Authors: López Martín José Manuel
Published: February 2025

Una de las funciones de un hablante ideológico es difundir su ideología a través del discurso. Su intención última consiste en legitimar su propia ideología y desprestigiar la ajena. Para ello, entre otras estrategias, utiliza la táctica de ridiculizar el discurso del adversario para así desacreditarlo ante su audiencia. Esto da como resultado un discurso claramente descortés hacia la persona de la que se habla, ya que se falta claramente a su imagen positiva. Este tipo de estrategias son comunes en los ejemplos que vamos a analizar, pertenecientes todos al lenguaje radiofónico.
Influencia de la dieta de la mujer lactante en el desarrollo de alergias en el niño: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Borrego Mateos Raquel , Sanz Durán Lidia
Published: February 2025

Introducción: El aumento de enfermedades alérgicas producido en los últimos años se ha asociado a factores genéticos y ambientales, entre los que se encuentra la alimentación con leche materna, que puede prevenir la alergia o, por el contrario, sensibilizar a ciertos alérgenos, según sea la composición de la propia leche, el sistema inmune del lactante o su epigenética. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es evaluar el nivel de evidencia científica que existe actualmente sobre el impacto que tiene la dieta materna durante la lactancia en la prevención o desarrollo de enfermedades alérgicas del niño. Metodología: Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica consultando en las bases de datos PubMed, TripDatabase y Cochrane Library de todos los artículos escritos en inglés de los últimos 5 años revisando resúmenes y artículos completos. Discusión: Los estudios controlados aleatorizados son éticamente difíciles de realizar, por lo que la mayoría de los estudios publicados son observacionales y están sujetos a sesgos. Algunos estudios han encontrado asociaciones entre el consumo materno de grasas saturadas y leche de vaca con una menor prevalencia de enfermedades alérgicas, pero otras revisiones concluyen que no hay suficiente evidencia para afirmar el impacto de la dieta materna en las alergias. Otros factores como la exposición a alérgenos ambientales y la genética también influyen. Conclusiones: La heterogeneidad de los resultados puede ser debida a que muchos de los estudios realizados son observacionales y, por tanto, no controlan bien las variables externas influyentes. Esto podría solucionarse con la realización de más ensayos clínicos que realicen un adecuado control de todas estas variables.
Green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles from Garcinia mangostana leaf extract: A promising antibacterial agent for poultry
Authors: Rusli R. K. , Zurmiati Zurmiati , Mutia R. , Reski S. , Darmawan A. , Hidayat C. , Mahata M. E. , Hilmi M. , Yuniza A.
Published: February 2025

Background and Aim: The development of zinc-based antimicrobials has progressed from conventional to nanoparticle (NP) formulations due to their enhanced biological properties. This study evaluates the antibacterial efficacy of green-synthesized zinc oxide NPs (ZnO-NPs) derived from Garcinia mangostana leaf extract against both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria relevant to poultry health.

Materials and Methods: Using a completely randomized design, six treatment groups were tested: Positive control (PC) (tetracycline, 2.5 mg/mL), negative control (NC) (HCl 0.1 N + distilled water), and ZnO-NPs at concentrations of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 mg/mL. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method, measuring inhibition zones against Escherichia coli, S. Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Lactobacillus plantarum.

Results: The positive control demonstrated the most significant inhibition zones across all bacterial strains. ZnO-NPs exhibited dose-dependent antibacterial activity, with maximum inhibition zones recorded as 18.58 mm for E. coli, 17.09 mm for S. Typhimurium, and 17.41 mm for S. aureus at the highest concentration (10 mg/mL). However, the antibacterial activity against L. plantarum was less pronounced, with a maximum inhibition zone of 9.93 mm. These findings indicate selective toxicity of ZnO-NPs, favoring pathogenic over non-pathogenic strains.

Conclusion: Green-synthesized ZnO-NPs using G. mangostana leaf extract demonstrate promising antibacterial properties against poultry pathogens. Their selective action highlights potential applications as eco-friendly feed additives to improve poultry health and mitigate pathogenic risks.

Keywords: antibacterial, green synthesis, nanotechnology, poultry health, zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Real-World Trends and Future Projections of the Prevalence of Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy Among Commercially and Medicare-Insured Adults in the United States
Authors: Wong Robert J. , Gagnon-Sanschagrin Patrick , Heimanson Zeev , Maitland Jessica , Bellefleur Remi , Guérin Annie , Samson Aaron , Olujohungbe Olamide , Bumpass Brock
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION:

Describing cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) burden over time can inform clinical management and resource allocation. Using healthcare claims data, this observational study examined recent trends in the prevalence of cirrhosis and HE and associated healthcare resource utilization among commercially and Medicare-insured adults in the United States.

METHODS:

Data from the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database and 100% Medicare Research Identifiable Files were analyzed (2007–2020). Annual prevalence of cirrhosis, HE, overt HE (OHE) hospitalizations, and rifaximin ± lactulose use, and costs per hospitalization per year were calculated. Average year-over-year changes in prevalence of cirrhosis, and HE were estimated. Trends were extrapolated to 2030 using ordinary least-squares regression.

RESULTS:

From 2007 to 2020, the prevalence of cirrhosis increased by an average of 4.6% year-over-year in the Commercial population and 8.1% in the Medicare population; the prevalence of HE increased by 4.3% and 2.5%, respectively. Rates of OHE hospitalizations decreased from 27.5% to 5.5% (Commercial) and from 26.2% to 9.5% (Medicare), and rates of liver transplantation increased. Average payer costs (Commercial) and provider charges (Medicare) per OHE hospitalization increased (from $40,881 to $77,699 and from $45,913 to $74,894, respectively). Use of rifaximin ± lactulose showed an increasing trend during the observation period, whereas lactulose use declined steadily.

DISCUSSION:

The healthcare burden of cirrhosis and HE in the United States is increasing. Trends are projected to continue unless action is taken, such as improving medication access and developing policies addressing the contributing factors.
Estética, cognição e música: a mímesis como operação da potência cogitativa
Authors: Caixeta João Lázaro Ribeiro
Published: February 2025

Resumo: A presente investigação explora a experiência estética no pensamento de Tomás de Aquino, com foco na música, analisando como a experiência estética ocorre a partir da potência cogitativa através da representação. A pesquisa examina a teoria aristotélica da “mímesis” e sua aplicação na filosofia de Tomás, explorando como a música assume um papel de utilidade ao despertar o afeto do coração humano e conduzi-lo a um estado de devoção espiritual. Esta análise é realizada a partir de obras específicas como a Suma de teologia, II-II q. 91 a. 1-2 e I-II q. 32 a. 8, entre outras, relacionando o efeito da música com as operações da alma e seus impactos no intelecto e nos sentidos. Mediante essas análises nota-se que a música, ao ser direcionada de maneira adequada, pode não apenas intensificar as disposições interiores humanas, mas também levar a um movimento do homem conforme a percepção estética musical, conectando os sentidos ao espírito humano.
Palavras-chave: Estética; Cognição; Filosofia Medieval; Tomás de Aquino; Mímesis.
Aesthetics, cognition and music: mimesis as an operation of the cognitive faculty
Abstract: This investigation explores the aesthetic experience in the thought of Thomas Aquinas, focusing on music, and analyzing how the aesthetic experience occurs through the cogitative power via representation. The research examines Aristotle's theory of “mimesis” and its application in Thomas's philosophy, exploring how music assumes a role of utility by awakening the affections of the human heart and leading it to a state of spiritual devotion. The analysis is based on specific works such as the Summa Theologica, II-II q. 91 a. 1-2 and I-II q. 32 a. 8, among others, relating the effect of music to the operations of the soul and its impacts on the intellect and the senses. These analyses demonstrate that music, when properly directed, can not only intensify the inner human dispositions but also lead to a movement of man according to the aesthetic perception of music, connecting the senses to the human spirit.
Keywords: Aesthetics; Cognition; Medieval Philosophy; Thomas Aquinas; Mimesis.
 
Data de registro: 08/10/2024
Data de aceite: 29/01/2025
การเรียนรู้รูปแบบใหม่ที่ตอบสนองต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงของโลกอนาคต
Authors:   มหาวิทยาลัยสวนดุสิต, ตำนานจิตร บุญญลักษม์ , ชวนชม จิรัฐ ,   มหาวิทยาลัยสวนดุสิต, รัมมะฉัตร ตระกูล ,   มหาวิทยาลัยสวนดุสิต
Published: February 2025

การเรียนรู้รูปแบบใหม่ในโลกอนาคตช่วงเวลาตั้งแต่ปี ค.ศ. 2001 ถึง ค.ศ. 2100 (พ.ศ. 2544 ถึง พ.ศ. 2643) เป็นช่วงที่โลกแห่งการศึกษามุ่งเน้นการสร้างความรู้ ความสามารถ และพัฒนาศักยภาพของคนให้ได้มากที่สุดเท่าที่จะทำได้โดยปราศจากข้อจำกัด สร้างโอกาสที่จะประยุกต์ทักษะเชิงบูรณาการข้ามสาระเนื้อหา และสร้างระบบการเรียนรู้ที่เน้นสมรรถนะเป็นฐาน ความเป็นไปได้ที่จะเกิดขึ้นในโลกแห่งการศึกษายุค 2030 คือ สถาบันการศึกษาจะยังคงเป็นแหล่งหลัก ในการเรียนรู้เหมือนดังเช่นทุกวันนี้ แต่ก็ต้องเผชิญความท้าทายเรื่องการเปลี่ยนแปลงโครงสร้างประชากรเข้าสู่สังคมสูงวัย ในการศึกษา AI จะเข้ามามีบทบาทอย่างมากเช่นกัน แต่แบบที่ได้ผลดีที่สุดยังคงต้องเป็นการผสมผสานระหว่างระบบอัตโนมัติกับความใส่ใจของผู้สอน เพราะการเรียนรู้ของคน ไม่ใช่การเขียนโค้ดระบบสั่งการเหมือนหุ่นยนต์ คาดการณ์ว่าการเรียนรู้จะเป็นแบบส่วนบุคคล (personalized) ปรับให้เหมาะกับผู้เรียนแต่ละคนมากที่สุดโดยเรียนผ่านระบบ ทุกคนสามารถเข้าถึงการเรียนรู้ที่มีคุณภาพเท่าเทียมกัน ผู้เรียนแต่ละคนจะได้เรียนบทเรียนที่ต่างกันตามระดับความรู้ความเข้าใจแต่ละคน ผู้สอนอาจต้องเปลี่ยนบทบาทจากผู้สอนมาเป็นผู้ดูแลให้คำแนะนำ สอดคล้องกับที่สำนักงานเลขาธิการสภาการศึกษาร่วมกับคณะครุศาสตร์จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัยดำเนินงานโครงการศึกษาการออกแบบนโยบายการพลิกโฉมระบบการเรียนรู้ที่ตอบสนองการเปลี่ยนแปลงของโลกอนาคตในปี 2040 โดยมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาและออกแบบวิสัยทัศน์การศึกษาไทยในปี 2040 ซึ่งก็คือ ระบบการศึกษาไทย เป็นผู้นำในการเปลี่ยนแปลงชีวิตผู้เรียนให้มีความสุขอย่างมีคุณค่า สามารถสร้างสรรค์สังคมและเศรษฐกิจใหม่ที่พึงประสงค์ได้
A Cross-sectional Study: How is The Relationship Between Social Determinants of Family Dimensions and Stunted Toddlers?
Authors: Ramani Andrei , Rachmayanti Riris Diana , Kusumawati Nur Farida , Diana Rian , Khomsan Ali , Riyadi Hadi
Published: February 2025

Background: In East Java, the prevalence of stunting in toddlers exceeds the national average of 32.8%, while in Sampang Regency it reaches 47.9%. Stunting poses a significant challenge by hindering economic growth, exacerbating poverty, and widening socio-economic disparities. The research aims to analyze the relationship between family characteristics and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Sampang, Madura.Method: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design in Sampang Regency.  A total of 384 toddlers and their mothers participated as the research sample. The research variables included parental characteristics, anthropometric measurements of maternal height, and maternal knowledge status. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Pearson correlation inference test.Result: The test results showed that family social status had no significant influence on stunting among toddlers. However, maternal height significantly influenced the incidence of stunting, with a P-value of 0.030.  These findings highlight the importance of addressing maternal height as a determinant of toddler stunting. Thus, intervention needs to be given to adolescent girls to prevent toddler stunting.  Such interventions could include health education programs focused on improving adolescent nutritional status to increase growth. Efforts should prioritize adolescent girls before menarche to optimize height development and reduce the future stunting risk of their offspring.
Quality of Life, Perceived Stigma, and Depression among People Living with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Stefanovic Claudio , Buntoro Ika Febianti , Iswaningsih Iswaningsih , Legoh Dickson Alan
Published: February 2025

Background: The intersecting challenges of a growing population of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), efforts to improve their quality of life (QoL), and the ongoing persistence of stigma contribute to an increasing incidence of depression among PLWHA. Existing research presents conflicting evidence and seldom addresses the interplay between QoL, perceived stigma, and levels of depression. This study aims to fill that gap by examining the effects of QoL and perceived stigma on the depression levels of PLWHA.Method: A cross-sectional study involving 97 PLWHA was conducted. The face-to-face measures included the WHOQOL-BREF, the Modified Berger HIV Stigma Scale, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). An ordinal logistic regression model was employed to identify associations between QoL, perceived stigma, depression, and other potential predictor variables.Result: Among the 97 PLWHA, the majority were male (55.7%), belonged to the early adult age group (39.2%), and had completed senior high school (53.6%). The QoL results indicated that 47.4% reported good QoL, while 52.6% reported poor QoL. Regarding perceived stigma, 50.5% felt not stigmatized, whereas 49.5% felt stigmatized. The levels of depression were categorized as follows: normal/not depressed (68%), mildly depressed (11.3%), moderately depressed (8.2%), severely depressed (6.2%), and very severely depressed (6.2%). This research underscores that QoL serves as a protective factor against depression and mitigates the negative effects of stigma on mental health, highlighting the urgent need for targeted interventions and holistic approaches.
Determinant Factors of Postpartum Visit Attendance in Surakarta: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Puriastuti Emma Anastya , Hardiningsih Hardiningsih , Pratiwi Dyah Krisnawati Satia , Rahmawati Nur Anisah , Suprobo Nina Rini
Published: February 2025

Background: Women can experience complications and mortality in the postpartum period. Women are also burdened with the long-term consequences of complications after delivery. Access to high-quality care during the postpartum period is essential to improving maternal outcomes, but the number of postpartum visits has not met the standard. This study aims to analyze the determinants of postpartum visit attendance in Surakarta.Method: A retrospective case-control study was conducted using secondary data. The database used in this study was derived from maternal and child health books and data from community health centers. All mothers who had completed the postpartum period (≥42 days postpartum) with the inclusion criteria of having a maternal and child health book and living in Surakarta were involved in this study. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically. The relationship between the two variables was analyzed using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was performed using the logistic regression test. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.Result: A total of 179 postpartum mothers' data were successfully collected. Most of them had incomplete postpartum visit data. (75.4%). The number of children and type of delivery were related to the status of the mother's postpartum visit (p ≤ 0.05). Other variables, namely age, occupation, insurance ownership, complications during pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum, education, and place of delivery, were unrelated to the completeness of postpartum visits (p> 0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that the type of delivery simultaneously affected the mother's postpartum visit. Mothers who experienced a CS delivery compared to normal delivery had a 0.170 times greater chance of having a complete postpartum visit.
Being Faithful, Condom Use, No Drug Use and Circumcision Behavior in Men Sex with Men Group
Authors: Fatiah Mona Safitri
Published: February 2025

Background: Men Sex Men (MSM) adolescents and young adults living with Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in Indonesia is about 19.3%; the transmission occurs if they do not apply the behavior of be faithful, Condom use, no Drug use and circumcision. The purpose of study is to see the effect of BCD and circumcision behavior on the incidence of STI in young MSM in Indonesia.Method: Integrated Biological Behavior Survey (IBBS) data was the main data source used in this study, with the research design applied was a cross-sectional study. The study population was MSM spread across 24 provinces in Indonesia totaling 6,000 people and the sample used was MSM aged between 15-25 years around 2,200 people, sample selection using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) technique, where data testing used logistic regression test risk factor model using STATA 16 data processing software.Result: MSM suffering from STI had one of the STI symptoms (76.9%). Results: partner fidelity (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.08-2.64), condom use (AOR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.16-0.78), needle and syringe drug use (AOR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.28-0.71) and circumcision behavior (AOR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.98-1.45) appeared to be associated with STI incidence in Indonesia after controlling for the variables of frequency of anal sex, frequency of HIV testing and STI testing behavior. Conclusions: BCD and circumcision behavior is one of the easy-to-implement alternatives to prevent STI transmission among young MSM.
Impact of herbicide combinations on weed dynamics, crop productivity and economics in wet-direct seeded rice ecosystem
Authors: Mathew A T , Prabukumar G , Muniyandi S , Babu R R P V , Muthaiyan G , Nagarajan K , Manivannan V , Thirukumaran K , Parasuraman P
Published: February 2025

A field experiment was conducted during the summer of 2023 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, to evaluate the effects of various pre- and post-emergence herbicide combinations on weed dynamics and productivity in wet direct-seeded rice. The experiment employed a randomized block design with ten treatments replicated three times. The study assessed various weed management practices, including pre-emergence herbicides followed by post-emergence herbicides, pre-emergence herbicides followed by hand weeding, post-emergence herbicides followed by hand weeding, and the farmer's practice of two hand weedings. Key observations included weed flora, density, dry weight and crop parameters such as plant height, leaf area index, total dry matter production and yield attributes. The study found that, Echinochloa colona and Leptochloa chinensis were the dominant grasses, Cyperus difformis was the dominant sedge and Eclipta prostrata was the prominent broad-leaved weed. The pre-emergence application of pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron ethyl effectively controlled grasses, sedges and broadleaf weeds, particularly at 20 DAS. The ready-mix formulation of pendimethalin followed by triafamone + ethoxysulfuron was most effective at 40 DAS and harvest, significantly reducing weed density and improving yield parameters.
On the Kawaguchi–Silverman conjecture for birational automorphisms of irregular varieties
Authors: Chen Jungkai Alfred , Lin Hsueh-Yung , Oguiso Keiji
Published: February 2025

We study the main open parts of the Kawaguchi–Silverman conjecture, asserting that for a birational self-map f of a smooth projective variety X defined over

ℚ
¯

{{\overline{\mathbb{Q}}}}

, the arithmetic degree

α
f

⁢

(
x
)

{\alpha_{f}(x)}

exists and coincides with the first dynamical degree

δ
f

{\delta_{f}}

for any

ℚ
¯

{\overline{{\mathbb{Q}}}}

-point x of X with a Zariski dense orbit. Among other results, we show that this holds when X has Kodaira dimension zero and irregularity

q
⁢

(
X
)

≥

dim
⁡
X

-
1

{q(X)\geq\dim X-1}

or X is an irregular threefold (modulo one possible exception). We also study the existence of Zariski dense orbits, with explicit examples.
Extensions of a theorem of P. Hall on indexes of maximal subgroups
Authors: Beltrán Antonio , Shao Changguo
Published: February 2025

We extend a classical theorem of P. Hall that claims that if the index of every maximal subgroup of a finite group G is a prime or the square of a prime,
then G is solvable.
Precisely, we prove that if one allows, in addition, the possibility that every maximal subgroup of G is nilpotent instead of having prime or squared-prime index, then G continues to be solvable.
Likewise, we obtain the solvability of G when we assume that every proper non-maximal subgroup of G lies in some subgroup of index prime or squared prime.
Hydrocarbon-generating characteristics of Xujiahe coal-bearing source rocks in the continuous sedimentary environment of the Southwest Sichuan
Authors: Yang Tao , Xu Kun , Lu Jungang , Liu Bai , Liao Jianbo
Published: February 2025

The characteristics of coal-bearing source rocks in the continuous sedimentary environment of the Xujiahe Formation are discussed in the Southwest Sichuan through the thermal simulation and organic geochemical experiments, and the quantitative relationships are determined between carbon isotopes, maturity, and distinct organic matter (OM) types. The results show that the source rocks of the first member and third member of the Xujiahe Formation are mainly formed in the transitional sedimentary environment, while the source rocks of the fifth member of the Xujiahe Formation are primarily developed in the continental sedimentary environment, controlled by the continuous sedimentary environment of the Xujiahe Formation. The vitrinite and inertinite content increases with the liptinite content decreasing from the first member to the fifth member of the Xujiahe Formation. Moreover, the OM of the source rocks is typed II2 in the first member of the Xujiahe Formation, with the III OM in the third member and fifth member of the Xujiahe Formation. Additionally, the quantitative relationship is identified between methane carbon isotopes and maturities of the humic and mixed gas. The quantitative relationship is presented at δ
13C1 = 12.21 ln Ro – 39.72 (humic gas) and δ
13C1 = 8.07 ln Ro – 38.3 (mixed gas). The ethane carbon isotopes range from −24.93 to −21.07‰ in the first member and the third member of the Xujiahe source rocks, and are between −29.31 and −26.78‰ in the fifth member of the Xujiahe source rocks, which can effectively distinguish the OM type by ethane carbon isotopes. The emergence of new recombined heavy hydrocarbons leads to the carbon isotope inversion of heavy hydrocarbon in the high thermal evolution stage. This study has contributed to the hydrocarbon-generating characteristics of source rocks in the continuous sedimentary environment and the fine gas source correlation.
Some spectral properties of left and right generalized Fredholm operators
Authors: Azzouz Abdelhalim , Beghdadi Mahamed , Krichen Bilel
Published: February 2025

The scope of this paper is to introduce and study new classes of operators, namely, left and right generalized Fredholm operators. We also investigate the spectrum of left and right generalized Fredholm and generalized Weyl operators. At the end of the work, the invariance of the left (right) generalized Fredholm and generalized Weyl spectra is studied.
Numerical simulation of the effects of NH3 and H2 on the combustion characteristics of laminar premixed ethylene/air flames
Authors: Yao Jinfang , Dong Wenlong , Yang Yuhang , Wang Dongyang , Chu Huaqiang
Published: February 2025

Hydrogen (H2) and ammonia (NH3) are highly promising carbon-free fuels and can mitigate the greenhouse effect threat. The laminar combustion characteristics of ethylene (C2H4) doped with H2 and NH3 were numerically calculated at large doping proportion (0–50 %), initial temperatures (Tu = 300–400 K), and initial pressures (Pu = 0.1–1.0 MPa) by using the Chemkin/Premix Code. The equivalence ratio (Φ) ranged from 0.75 to 1.5. Laminar burning velocities (LBVs), adiabatic flame temperatures (AFTs), net heat release rates (NHRRs), temperature sensitivity analysis (TSA), mole fractions of radicals of H, O, OH and intermediates of C2H2, NO, NO2, the rate of production (ROP) and the reaction pathways were studied in this research. The results showed that H2 promoted the increase of C2H4/air LBVs, AFTs and NHRRs, while NH3 had the contrary effects. R1 (H + O2 <=> H + OH) had the largest positive sensitivity coefficient more than 0.3. Through the analysis of TSA and ROP, R146 (C2H3 + H <=> C2H2 + H2) was the main reaction to product C2H2, and C2H2 could be effectively inhibited after doping NH3. Additionally, the mole fraction of NO decreased as H2 increased but increased with the increase of NH3. The peak NO2 located much closer to the nozzle inlet after doping H2 and NH3, and R392 (NO + HO2 <=> NO2 + OH) was the main reaction linked NO and NO2. The reaction pathway showed the effect of NH3 on reducing CO2 was stronger than that of H2.
Regular 3-polytopes of order 2𝑛𝑝
Authors: Hou Dong-Dong , Feng Yan-Quan , Leemans Dimitri
Published: February 2025

In a paper from 2006, Schulte and Weiss initiated the problem of characterizing the regular polytopes of orders

2
n

⁢
p

2^{n}p

for 𝑛 a positive integer and 𝑝 an odd prime.
In this paper, we first prove that if a 3-polytope of order

2
n

⁢
p

2^{n}p

has Schläfli type

{

k
1

,

k
2

}

\{k_{1},k_{2}\}

, then

p
∣

k
1

p\mid k_{1}

or

p
∣

k
2

p\mid k_{2}

.
This leads to two classes, up to duality, for the Schläfli type, namely Type (1) where

k
1

=

2
s

⁢
p

k_{1}=2^{s}p

and

k
2

=

2
t

k_{2}=2^{t}

and Type (2) where

k
1

=

2
s

⁢
p

k_{1}=2^{s}p

and

k
2

=

2
t

⁢
p

k_{2}=2^{t}p

.
We then show that there exists a regular 3-polytope of order

2
n

⁢
p

2^{n}p

with Type (1) when

s
≥
2

s\geq 2

,

t
≥
2

t\geq 2

and

n
≥

s
+
t
+
1

n\geq s+t+1

coming from a general construction of regular 3-polytopes of order

2
n

⁢

ℓ
1

⁢

ℓ
2

2^{n}\ell_{1}\ell_{2}

with Schläfli type

{

2
s

⁢

ℓ
1

,

2
t

⁢

ℓ
2

}

\{2^{s}\ell_{1},2^{t}\ell_{2}\}

, where both

ℓ
1

\ell_{1}

and

ℓ
2

\ell_{2}

are odd.
Furthermore, for

p
=
3

p=3

and

n
≥
7

n\geq 7

, we show that there exists a regular 3-polytope of order

3
⋅

2
n

3\cdot 2^{n}

with type

{
6
,

2
s

}

\{6,2^{s}\}

if and only if

2
≤
s
≤

n
−
2

2\leq s\leq n-2

and

s
≠

n
−
3

s\neq n-3

.
For Type (2), we prove that there exists a regular 3-polytope of order

2
n

⋅
3

2^{n}\cdot 3

with Schläfli type

{
6
,
6
}

\{6,6\}

when

n
≥
5

n\geq 5

coming from a general construction of regular 3-polytopes of Schläfli type

{
6
,
6
}

\{6,6\}

with orders

192
⁢

m
3

192m^{3}

,

384
⁢

m
3

384m^{3}

or

768
⁢

m
3

768m^{3}

for any positive integer 𝑚.
Stability estimate and the Tikhonov regularization method for the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation backward in time
Authors: Duc Nguyen Van , Thang Nguyen Van , Muoi Pham Quy
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we study the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky (KS) equation backward in time. First, we prove a stability estimate of Hölder type. Then the ill-posed problem is regularized by the Tikhonov regularization method, and an error estimate of Hölder type is obtained. Finally, we apply a physics-informed neural network method to solve the problem numerically.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of leriodenine and nuciferine from Nelumbo nucifera for renal fibrosis: an In-silico analysis
Authors: Rapuru Rushendran , Begum Rukaiah Fatma , Singh S. Ankul , Vellapandian Chitra , Ali Nemat , AlAsmari Abdullah F. , Prajapati Bhupendra G.
Published: February 2025

A major problem in chronic kidney illnesses is renal fibrosis. This research investigates the therapeutic potential of compounds derived from Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus). Comprehensive screening identified these compounds, which exhibit promising binding affinities with key targets associated with renal fibrosis. Leriodenine and Nuciferine demonstrate substantial potential by modulating critical targets such as PTGS2, JUN, EGFR, STAT3, mTOR, and AKT1. The identified biomolecule-target-pathway network highlights the intricate interactions underlying the therapeutic effects of lotus seed compounds in renal fibrosis. Strong binding affinities with PTGS2-PDBID:5F19, Leriodenine −8.99 kcal/mol and Nuciferine −9.33 kcal/mol, and JUN-PDBID:1S9K, Leriodenine −7.95 kcal/mol and Nuciferine −7.05 kcal/mol are shown by molecular docking investigations, indicating their potential as fibrotic process inhibitors. During 10 ns of molecular docking simulations, these compounds demonstrated robust hydrogen-bonding connections within the protein’s active site, leading to a possible alteration in the conformation of the ligand-binding site. The research establishes the foundation for future experimental validation, clinical trials, to bridge the translational gap. The research combines target prediction, protein–protein interaction studies, and biomolecular screening to clarify the molecular pathways behind renal fibrosis. We also carried out Insilico molecular docking and carried out molecular dynamics simulation of the best compound identified to obtain more precise results.
Performance of polyurethane adhesive in hardwood cross-laminated timber
Authors: Henfield Bradia T. , Franca Tamara , Franca Frederico , Quin Franklin , Arango Rachel A. , Ohno Katie M.
Published: February 2025

As hardwood cross-laminated timber (CLT) gains attention due to its construction potential, understanding the interaction between hardwood panels and adhesives is critical for ensuring structural integrity and longevity of buildings. This study investigated adhesive bonding properties in hardwood CLT made from red oak (Quercus spp. L.), sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.), and yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), using southern pine (Pinus spp. L.) (SP) as a control. Adhesive performance was evaluated through shear block tests to assess the bond line shear strength and delamination tests to measure the bond durability under cyclic moisture conditions. Results indicated significant variations in adhesive performance among the hardwood CLT specimens compared to SP, with differences in both shear strength and delamination resistance. Red oak CLT exhibited significantly greater delamination compared to all the other species. The delamination observed among the yellow poplar samples was not significantly different than that of the control SP samples. The shear block results indicated that the bond line strength of both red oak and yellow poplar samples was significantly greater than that of the control samples. These findings provide critical insights into selecting and optimizing adhesives for hardwood CLT production.
Analytical equations for predicting effective thermal conductivity in laminated wood composites
Authors: Pal Harsh , Malek Sardar
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an analytical modeling approach to predict the effective in-plane and out-of-plane thermal conductivities of laminated wood composite products such as Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT). Considering wood’s orthotropic nature, having models that could be used to estimate the effective thermal conductivity properties of laminated wood products in various directions becomes essential for understanding the coupling between mechanical and thermal properties, as well as predicting the dimensional stability of large wood composite panels. For this purpose, analytical thermal conductivity equations were derived in three orthogonal directions, considering different properties of wood along its orthotropic directions, following Fourier’s Law. The derived equations were then applied to different CLT panel products and results were compared to assess their accuracy. As CLT panels may be produced without edge gluing, two scenarios were investigated to understand the effect of edge gluing on thermal conductivity of such panels. First, the presence of adhesive between timber layers was ignored (i.e. not edge-glued panels); second, adhesive and its thickness were included. Results demonstrated the reasonable accuracy of the proposed approach in predicting the thermal conductivity of CLT panels made with different gluing methods. The modeling of imperfect bonds and air gaps is also briefly discussed.
Some bioactivities of Limonium meyeri extracts and their separated compounds
Authors: Sami Masum , Sezen Karaoğlan Esen , Hancı Hayrunisa , Kazaz Cavit
Published: February 2025

The antimicrobial and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activities of various extracts and isolated compounds of Limonium meyeri were investigated. Apigenin-7-O-β-glucuronide and myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction using chromatographic methods. Methanol extract showed 62.0% and ethyl acetate extract showed 57.6% tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activities at 400 µg/mL concentration. Myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside (IC50 = 27.7 ± 0.6 µg/mL) showed higher tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory effect than apigenin-7-O-β-glucuronide (IC50 = 43.0 ± 0.9 µg/mL). n-Hexane extract was found to be effective against Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 1 µg/mL), while methanol extract was effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 16 µg/mL). Myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside showed antimicrobial effect against Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 128 µg/mL). Thus, Limonium meyeri and its compounds may provide valuable insights for future studies as antityrosinase and antibacterial agents.
Global discussion on life cycle assessment allocation methods for recycled fibers
Authors: Azuaje Ivana , Gonzalez Ronalds , Ekvall Tomas , Gaudreault Caroline , Dessbesell Luana , Tu Qingshi , Lizundia Erlantz
Published: February 2025

On September 3rd, 2024, North Carolina State University, the University of British Columbia, Aalto University, the University of Chile, and the University of the Basque Country organized a global webinar on allocation methods for recycled fibers. The event focused on the challenges and complexities associated with allocation methods for open-loop recycling systems, focusing on bio-based fibers for packaging. The webinar featured three expert presentations by Dr. Tomas Ekvall, Dr. Caroline Gaudreault, and MSc. Ivana Azuaje, each offering valuable insights into the topic.