bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water Scarcity and Social Conflict: A Review
Authors:   Wheatley Research Consultancy, Bagley, Minnesota, USA, Wheatley Mary
Published: November 2024

Water scarcity represents a critical global challenge, exacerbating social conflicts across diverse geopolitical contexts. This review explores the intricate relationship between water scarcity and social conflict, elucidating how diminished water resources fuel disputes, examining the efficacy of various mitigation strategies, and highlighting the role of international cooperation and innovative solutions in conflict prevention. By analyzing both historical incidents and contemporary situations, the paper offers insights into how water management and strategic interventions can alleviate tensions and promote sustainable practices. The study underscores the necessity for robust policy frameworks, community engagement, and the integration of technology to address the complex dynamics of water scarcity and its potential to incite social unrest.
Health Economics of Vaccine Development and Distribution: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Shah Syed
Published: November 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound implications for the economics of vaccine development and distribution, revealing both achievements and disparities in global health systems. This narrative review examines the economic frameworks that shaped COVID-19 vaccine R&D, distribution logistics, and pricing strategies, with a focus on lessons for future pandemics. A thematic analysis of the literature was conducted, including peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and industry publications. Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, JSTOR, Scopus, and World Health Organization (WHO) archives were searched using terms like “COVID-19 vaccine economics,” “vaccine distribution costs,” and “pandemic preparedness.” Inclusion criteria focused on studies examining economic models of vaccine development and distribution, while studies limited to clinical outcomes were excluded. Key findings highlight the critical role of public-private partnerships in accelerating vaccine development through shared financial risk, until now also revealing significant inequities in global access, exacerbated by pricing strategies that favored high-income countries. Logistical challenges, particularly cold chain storage and distribution, further delayed access in low- and middle-income countries. The review emphasizes the need for resilient global supply chains, innovative financing models, and equitable pricing frameworks to ensure fair vaccine access in future pandemics. Addressing these issues is essential for a more effective and fair global health response.
SAÚDE MENTAL E SUAS VÁRIAS NARRATIVAS PÓS REFORMA PSIQUIÁTRICA
Authors: DA SILVA COSTA Luis Henrique , DE ALENCAR Helena Côrtes , FARIAS SILVA Ana Beatriz
Published: November 2024

A Reforma Psiquiátrica no Brasil, iniciada nos anos 1980, trouxe uma mudança significativa na abordagem da saúde mental, com foco na desinstitucionalização e no cuidado comunitário. Esse processo visou garantir os direitos das pessoas em sofrimento psíquico e romper com o modelo hospitalocêntrico, substituindo-o por uma rede de atenção psicossocial. Com isso, surgiram novas narrativas e práticas de cuidado, voltadas para a inclusão social, autonomia e respeito à diversidade de experiências dos indivíduos. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as várias narrativas que emergem na saúde mental após a Reforma Psiquiátrica no Brasil, destacando suas implicações para o cuidado em saúde mental. Metodologia:Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, baseada em uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa. Foram selecionados artigos, livros e teses, disponíveis em bases de dados como SciELO, LILACS e GOOGLE ACADEMICO. Os critérios de inclusão foram publicações entre os anos 2018 e 2023, em português, que discutam o impacto da Reforma Psiquiátrica, a formação de narrativas sobre a saúde mental e suas implicações para os profissionais e usuários do sistema de saúde. Resultados e Discussões: A Reforma Psiquiátrica promoveu uma pluralidade de narrativas em saúde mental, pautadas na humanização, inclusão e construção de redes de apoio comunitário. Essas narrativas desafiam o estigma associado ao sofrimento mental, promovendo uma visão de acolhimento e cuidado integral. Considerações Finais: As novas narrativas da saúde mental pós-Reforma Psiquiátrica representam um avanço importante para a humanização do cuidado, promovendo uma visão mais inclusiva e respeitosa do sofrimento psíquico.
Réselő adapter rezgéstani vizsgálata kőzetvágás során
Authors: Virág Zoltán , Szirbik Sándor
Published: November 2024

This paper deals with a dimensional rock sawing machine to optimize the production of small-volume dimension stone products in limestone. After cutting around the block stone, the rock material can be moved with the help of the machine. The finite element (FE) analysis of the adapter with simplified geometry treated as a solid model is to investigate the natural frequen-cies of the adapter to identify any potentially dan-gerous frequencies. In this study, the eigenvalue extraction used to calculate the natural frequen-cies is based on the Lanczos iteration methods. The natural frequencies of the concept design, es-timated by FE-modal analysis, provide an oppor-tunity to give sufficient stability against the low frequencies associated with the normal operating speed of the cutting at the final version.
Egy egyszerűsített fékmodell termikus elemzése
Authors: Bolló Betti , Sarka Ferenc , Voith Katalin
Published: November 2024

Braking system is one of the important safety components of a railway vehicle. Brake components slow the train by using friction between the train wheels and the brake block. The efficiency of the braking system is strongly dependent on the quality of the material of the components, especially the brake blocks. In the present paper, we have carried out optical microscope investigations of a brake block. On the other hand, numerical simulation was used to analyse the frictional heat distribution in the brake block using the Ansys software package. In the initial phase of the research, it was found that the software is suitable for calculating the frictional heat and for modelling heat transfer and heat conduction.
A járműmérnök oktatás és képzés a miskolci egyetemen
Authors: Jármai Károly , Mihalik László
Published: November 2024

The article describes the objectives of the automotive engineering BSc program launched in 2016, the professional competencies to be acquired, the subject structure taught, the specializations, and the community-building events and activities that have contributed to the success of the program, which has contributed to the success of the training and the building of the student community of automotive engineering.
Célgéptervezés módszertana
Authors: Simon Gábor , Rónai László
Published: November 2024

Nowadays the increase of the productivity at industries are a main objective. This paper deals with the design methodology of single purpose machines. The steps of the design process are detailed through an exact problem, which is the machining of a pneumatic distributor block. After performing the necessary calculations, the elements of the single purpose machine are selected in the design phase. The 3D model of the machine is made in Autodesk Inventor Professional software.
Review of future fuels in transportation
Authors: Bencs Péter
Published: November 2024

The primary objective of this research is to investigate the impact of fossil fuel vehicles on greenhouse gas emissions. Given the potential for technological progress, the phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles is accelerating. The priority is to achieve greenhouse gas neutrality in transport as soon as possible. This study will present the impact of different powertrains on achieving greenhouse gas neutrality (with a particular focus on the impact of combined technologies) and the impact of battery electric vehicles on achieving greenhouse gas neutrality. The study will show, under different scenarios, that combining different technologies is more effective at reducing greenhouse gases than is using a completely clean technology.
Függönymozgató berendezés fejlesztése távoli vezérléssel és tűzeseti automata működéssel
Authors: Kapitány Pálma
Published: November 2024

This article deals with the development of a curtain moving device. The previous details, such as technical objective and question of mechanical elements, have already been published. This article was created with the aim of reporting on the tested electronic solution of communication and shows the final working version. The paper talks about IR remote control, use of Wi-Fi module and implement of RF transceiver. The paper has been expanded with changes of control in case of fire.
Intelligens asztal kiszolgálása fuzzy alapú ütemezési módszer segítségével
Authors: Piros Attila , Trautmann Laura
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a fuzzy logic-based scheduling method, the Compact Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System (CMFIS), for improving decision-making in manufacturing. CMFIS allows quick evaluation of various scheduling scenarios and can replace shift managers by efficiently handling multiple objectives like prioritization, production capabilities, and time uncertainties. A case study at ESZO Ltd. illustrates CMFIS’s application in optimizing cutting operations. The system considers machine capacities and material dimensions, dynamically adjusting machine assignments for efficient production. Configured through an Excel-based framework, it processes inputs and produces clear outputs through defuzzification, offering a practical tool for enhancing manufacturing decision-making.
Grafo-analitikus optimálás 3D-ben
Authors: Szabó Ferenc János
Published: November 2024

The grapho- analytical optimization technique is based on the Kuhn- Tucker optimality criterium and it is applied for the solution of a three- dimensional optimization problem. The graphic part of the solution shows in three dimension the structure of the problem, while the analytical side of the solution gives the possibility of high accuracy of the optimum result. The optimization method is applied for the numerical example of a I beam subjected to bending and tension.
A számítógép segítette tervezési módszerek hatása a műszaki tervezésben
Authors: Szabó Kristóf
Published: November 2024

The goal of technical design is that the method used and the process followed produce a tangible result that provides an optimal solution to a specific technical problem. With the help of computer technology tools, various planning support procedures can be created, which, in addition to the methods of classical design methodologies, make the work of design engineers easier.
Hangolható asztal optimális hangolásának kísérleti ellenőrzése és kompatibilis munkadarab tervezése
Authors: Bártfai András , Dombóvári Zoltán
Published: November 2024

The tuneable clamping table was designed to attenuate chatter vibrations in the finishing operations of thin walled machining. This is achieved by the tuning of the frequency and damping parameters of the table’s dominant mode. The frequency is actively tuned by a rotary spring, while the damping can be changed passively, using eddy current modules. This study aims to develop a compatible dummy workpiece for the table and experimentally validate the corresponding optimal tuning parameters both for general harmonic forcing and in the case of a milling operation.
Épületmodell vizsgálata szélcsatornában
Authors: Máté Berecz , Bencs Péter
Published: November 2024

The primary objective of the research is to test a building model in a wind tunnel. Given the potential for technological development, different building models will be tested using simulation, but real measurements are also required. The priority is to be able to provide architects with adequate baseline data and to verify the environmental impact of different buildings. This paper presents the construction of a building model for the study, the measurement setup in an experimental wind tunnel and the evaluation of the results. The paper presents the evaluation of the results and the experiments carried out on the basis of different test cases. The results in turn provide an opportunity for further improvement and adaptation of the building for a more cost-effective operation.
Gépépítő alumínium profil lehajlás vizsgálata
Authors: Besenyei István , Bihari Zoltán
Published: November 2024

The load capacities of the elements of a frame structure are usually well reflected by the deflection values of the elements. The deflection values may vary depending on the direction of load applied to the machine element and the type of gripping method chosen. In this sense, the aluminium profiles used in machine building can be considered as similar frame elements, whose deflection values can be determined by conventional calculation or by using a finite element program.
Mozgás felnagyítás szerkezeteknél, irodalmi áttekintés, alkalmazás
Authors: Bozzay Péter , Bodnár Dávid , Jármai Károly
Published: November 2024

This paper demonstrates how novel motion-enhancing computer vision techniques can use high-speed video cameras to see and quantify the vibrational mode shapes of simple structures. Motion magnification is an algorithm designed to magnify the subtle movements of video footage. The basic principle of the algorithm is to obtain a representation of the video that allows time-frequency bandpass filtering, amplification and reconstruction of the signals corresponding to the motion of objects. This process results in a video in which the apparent motion of objects is amplified within a given frequency band.
A newly Diagnosed Female Breast Cancer in Karbala: Demographic, Clinical, and Histopathological Characteristics
Authors: Alhashimy Anwar
Published: November 2024

Abstract:
Background: Breast cancer is considered as a significant public health issue due to its high incidence, prevalence, and mortality rate. It is a multi - faceted disease with both environmental and genetic causal factors. It is the first of the 10 most popular tumors triggering public concern in Iraq, compensating for 20% of all cancers and approximately 33 percent of total of female cancers.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study was accomplished at the Breast Clinic, Al-Hussein Teaching Medical City, Karbala province, Iraq from September 2020 to March 2021. The study enrolled a randomly selected group of women (70 patients) newly diagnosed as breast cancer. The study included all women attending the breast clinic diagnosed a breast cancer based on clinical examination in combination with positive imaging findings and confirmed by pathological assessment. The data was collected for those patients including; demographical, clinical and histopathological findings and were statistically analyzed.
Results: The mean age at time of diagnosis was (52.24±10.52) years and the mean body mass index was (26.80±4.23 kg/m2). A family history of breast cancer was recorded in (21.4%) of patients. most patient were presented with painless palpable mass (74.3%). Stage II breast cancer was the most frequent stage and invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common histological type (74.3%). Most cases were expressed positive for both estrogen and progesterone receptors while was negative in (84.3%) for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.
Conclusion: a significant proportion of breast cancer patients in Iraq have locally advanced disease with the most common complaint being a painless breast lump at time of diagnosis.
Key words: breast cancer, invasive ductal carcinoma, immunohistochemistry.
The Value Diagnostic of Procalcitonin and Complete Blood Count in Patients with Sepsis due to Community -Acquired Pneumonia.
Authors: AL-Banaa Jaafar Salman Jasim , Kadhum Najeh Hashem , Rahi Sattar Jabbar , Alhibaly Hameed Abdulhasan , Aljanabi Monqith abdulmohsin
Published: November 2024

Background :Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) the acute infection of lung tissue in a patient who has acquired it from the community.The most common bacterial pneumonia complications are sepsis .it is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a deregulated host response to infection . Objective : This research aims to to find potential value diagnostic for Procalcitonin (PCT) and Complete Blood Count (CBC) markers, which could provide diagnostic and prognostic value markers for community -acquired pneumonia  and sepsis. Materials and Methods: The samples were (120)  participated  divided into (20) patients of sepsis due  to CAP , (60) patients with  bacterial CAP and (40) control  were collected  blood samples from both males and females patients between the age of (23-95 years) and the average age was (54.9 , 72.5 and 51.4 years) for the three groups  in the study. All the samples were diagnosis by doctor specializing in respiratory and chest diseases, at Imam  Al-Sadiq Hospital in Babylon Governorate, and a doctor specializing in Internal Medicine at Imam  Al-Hussein Medical City in Kerbela Governorate during the period  December 2022 to June 2023. the PCT were estimated by  using automated a combination of Up-converting Phosphor Technology (UPT) and immunochromatography and CBC results by using automated haematology analyzers Sysmex XN -2000. Results: the results  showed high  significant differences regarding most investigated parameters (PCT,WBC, Lym, Mono,Gra , Lym % , Mono%, Gra%, HCT and  N/L ratio .) at P value < 0.000 expect HGB at P  value  < 0.002 and PLT / L  at P value < 0.001 while PLT  there is no significant differences at P value < 0.094 and  also  showed the   PCT, WBC,GRA,GRA % ,N/L ratio and PLT/L ratio were  elevated in patients of CAP and sepsis due to CAP compared to control while reduced  the results of the LYM, LYM %,HGB and HCT  in patients of CAP and sepsis due to CAP compared to control .Conclusion:  Our results showed that PCT ,  WBC , GRA , GRA% ,NLR and PLR were  more valuable marker  for the diagnosis the patients with CAP and Sepsis due to CAP  than other CBC parameters.
Une brève histoire du droit au temps de la gouvernance : de la rétroaction à la réflexivité
Authors: Bernatchez Stéphane
Published: November 2024

Le présent numéro des Cahiers de droit sur le temps et le droit constitue l’occasion rêvée de relever un nouveau défi, soit saisir temporellement le droit et, plus particulièrement, le droit de la gouvernance. Deux temps sont explorés dans le texte qui suit : la rétroaction et la réflexivité. Pour ce faire, deux des plus célèbres théories relatives au temps sont momentanément mobilisées, soit la théorie de la relativité et la théorie de l’évolution. Si la rétroaction fait intrinsèquement partie du jugement juridique, sa théorisation relève davantage du paradigme de la régulation propre à la gouvernance. Quant à la réflexivité, même si son émergence en théorie du droit est plus récente, elle s’avère néanmoins tout aussi indispensable pour penser l’application effective du droit. Malgré des généalogies différentes, la rétroaction et la réflexivité s’inscrivent toutes les deux dans une conception pragmatiste du droit, plus précisément du droit de la gouvernance.
Retour vers la nature juridique de la prescription extinctive
Authors: Motulsky-Falardeau Antoine
Published: November 2024

La nature juridique de la prescription extinctive est incertaine. Ses fondements paraissent se contredire et ses effets sont décrits comme étant tantôt absolus, tantôt limités. Sans prétendre résoudre cette énigme séculaire, le présent article propose une synthèse de la question et une analyse détaillée des arguments en cause. Selon l’auteur, la nature juridique de la prescription extinctive ressemble à celle de l’autorité de la chose jugée.
Les technologies de l’information et de la communication conjuguées au futur antérieur
Authors: Proulx Jeanne
Published: November 2024

La Loi concernant le cadre juridique des technologies de l’information exprime une volonté de régir l’intégration passée, présente et future des technologies de l’information et de la communication, tout en préservant la règle de droit. Cette loi valorise les principes de neutralité technologique et d’équivalence fonctionnelle établis dans les travaux de la Commission des Nations Unies pour le droit commercial international, notamment ceux sur le commerce électronique. Les moyens technologiques évoluent rapidement. La volonté d’aller plus vite et plus loin entraîne le besoin d’une économie d’espace par la miniaturisation des supports d’information, mais aussi le désir d’agrandissement de l’espace par la prolifération des écrans porteurs de documents interreliés dans l’espace médiatique. La nature humaine n’évolue pas au même rythme que la technologie. La contraction du temps et de l’espace mène à des conséquences qui se manifestent par la dictature de l’instant, l’éloignement de l’empathie et l’absence de compassion.

L’approche rédactionnelle civiliste choisie pour mettre en place un cadre juridique des technologies de l’information et de la communication situe la Loi concernant le cadre juridique des technologies de l’information dans une perspective de développement durable du droit. Cette loi est rédigée en des termes neutres sur le plan technologique et médiatique, permettant ainsi une interprétation évolutive. Quels que soient les supports ou les technologies utilisés, cette neutralité assure l’intégrité de la règle de droit qui demeure un moyen privilégié pour transmettre les valeurs de la société.
Erectile dysfunction after COVID-19 infection: A cross-sectional study in a male sample from Brazil
Authors: Bressa Gabriel Marton , Lopes Vinicius Eduardo , Machado Vinicius Buturi , Arbigaus Cesar Alexsandro , Santos Matheus Caires dos , Silveira Ricardo Mendes , Sobreiro Bernardo , Skare Thelma , Nisihara Renato
Published: November 2024

Introduction: COVID-19 infection may cause erectile dysfunction due to local viral infection and impairing mental health. Objective: To analyze the erectile function in Brazilian sample patients during pandemics with and without COVID-19 infection and compare with results from a sample obtained before the pandemic. Methods: Internet survey with epidemiologic questions, data on COVID-19 infection, and the International Index for Erectile Function (IIEF). Patients were divided into those with and without infections. A control group with results obtained before the pandemic was also included. Results: Four hundred twenty-two males were studied 210 with data obtained before the pandemic; 208 with data obtained during the pandemic (84 with COVID-19 infection and 124 without). Patients with COVID-19 infection had worse results of IIEF than those without (in the pandemics and before pandemics) with p=0.01 and used more sexual stimulants (p=0.02). The results were worse in the first month after the infection. Conclusion: Patients with COVID-19 infection had impairment in erectile function that is more severe in the first month after infection.
Nível de atividade física, esperança de vida e intensidade de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos em pacientes hemodialíticos
Authors: Rambo Tiago da Rosa , Silveira João Francisco de Castro , Paiva Dulciane Nunes , Reuter Éboni Marília
Published: November 2024

Introdução: Indivíduos com doença renal crônica em estágio avançado necessitam de hemodiálise, em que tal recurso apresenta efeitos deletérios sobre aspectos da saúde física e mental, sendo que ainda não está claro de que forma o nível de atividade física está relacionado ao estado mental nesta população. Objetivo: Comparar o nível de atividade física com a esperança de vida e a intensidade de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos em pacientes hemodialíticos. Método: Estudo transversal realizado com 59 pacientes hemodialíticos dicotomizados em dois grupos (suficientemente ativo e insuficientemente ativo) de acordo com o nível de atividade física (Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física), avaliados quanto a esperança de vida (Escala de Esperança de Herth) e a intensidade de sintomas depressivos (Inventário de Depressão de Beck) e ansiosos (Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck). A comparação entre variáveis categóricas foi testada pelo teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e numéricas pelo teste T Student e U de Mann-Whitney (p<0,05). Resultados: Houve prevalência de sujeitos categorizados como suficientemente ativos (64%) e com mínimo grau de depressão (57%) e ansiedade (59%). Insuficientemente ativos apresentaram pontuações superiores no instrumento de depressão (p=0,001) e ansiedade (p=0,019), e semelhantes no de esperança de vida (p=0,067). Houve maior intensidade de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos nos insuficientemente ativos (p<0,001; p=0,003). Conclusão: Quando comparados aos insuficientemente ativos, pacientes hemodialíticos suficientemente ativos apresentam esperança de vida semelhante e menor intensidade de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos.
Is total muscle strength related to pelvic floor muscle strength in young women?
Authors: Oliveira Thaís Passos de , Amaral Maria Teresa Pace do , Scudeller Tânia Terezinha , Vieira Wesley de Oliveira , Dourado Victor Zuniga , Zanetti Miriam Raquel Diniz
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The intravaginal examination is an important part of the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) functional assessment. However, women sometimes refuse to submit to this procedure due to being embarrassed. This justifies the investigation of other alternatives of evaluation that could contribute to the treatment of pelvic floor disorders. Handgrip strength (HGS) provides an approximation of overall muscle strength, strongly associated with functionality, and this could be indirectly linked to the pelvic floor musculature. Objective: To verify whether there is a correlation between PFM strength and HGS. Methods: This is an observational study that evaluated 51 young women who filled out a clinical evaluation form and were submitted to pelvic floor evaluation, using the Modified Oxford Scale, Peritron® perineometer, and HGS (Saehan® dynamometer). For the perineometer and handgrip strength test, three repetitions of the maximum contraction were performed, considering the average of the attempts for analysis. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s coefficient were used to determine the correlation between variables, considering significance <0.05. Results: The participants were normotrophic, with a mean age of 23.14 ± 3.14 years, most were undergraduate students and physically active. The correlation coefficient between handgrip and pelvic floor musculature strength was 0.21 with a confidence interval of -0.07 to 0.46 and a significant value of 0.137. Conclusion: Pelvic floor muscle strength had a weak positive association with HGS. Therefore, it is not possible to state that women who have satisfactory HGS have a strong pelvic floor.
Partitions of numbers and the algebraic principle of Mersenne, Fermat and even perfect numbers
Authors: Ramasamy A. M. S.
Published: November 2024

Let ρ be an odd prime greater than or equal to 11. In a previous work, starting from an M-cycle in a finite field 𝔽ρ, it has been established how the divisors of Mersenne, Fermat and Lehmer numbers arise. The converse question has been taken up in a succeeding work and starting with a factor of these numbers, a method has been provided to find an odd prime ρ and the M-cycle in 𝔽ρ contributing the factor under consideration. Continuing the study of the two previous works, a certain type of partition of a natural number is considered in the present paper. Concerning the Mersenne, Fermat and even perfect numbers, the algebraic principle is established.
A note on Diophantine inequalities in function fields
Authors: Wilson Kathryn
Published: November 2024

We will discuss how the Bentkus–Götze–Freeman variant of the Davenport–Heilbronn circle method can be used to study $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$ solutions to inequalities of the form \[\mathrm{ord}(\lambda_1p_1^k+\cdots+\lambda_sp_s^k-\gamma)<\tau , \] where constants $\lambda_1,\dots, \lambda_s \in\mathbb{F}_q((1/t))$ satisfy certain conditions. This result is a generalization of the work done by Spencer in [11] to count the number of solutions to inequalities of the form \[\mathrm{ord}(\lambda_1p_1^k+\cdots+\lambda_sp_s^k)<\tau.\]
Factors associated with work engagement of nurses in the radiology department, Japan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tsuchihashi Hitomi , Yamaguchi Takumi , Yamada Yumiko , Koyama Tamami , Matsunari Yuko
Published: November 2024

Background

Radiology departments present unique challenges compared to other departments due to exposure to radiation and the specialized nature of the work. Nurses must not only manage typical nursing duties but also adhere to strict safety protocols to minimize radiation exposure. These additional responsibilities can significantly impact their work engagement and overall job satisfaction.

Objective

This study aimed to identify the factors associated with work engagement among nurses working at prefectural designated cancer care hospitals in Japan. Identifying these factors may lead to improvements in future work environments and educational systems.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study using an internet-based survey. A questionnaire using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) was conducted among 317 nurses; 140 responded (response rate: 44.2%).

Results

Significant associations were found between work engagement and several factors. The mean UWES score was 54.3 (Standard deviation (SD): 18.4). Work engagement was positively associated with age (B = 0.179, p = 0.03), being male (B = 0.19, p = 0.015), higher position (B = 0.199, p = 0.012), desire for radiology assignments (B = 0.223, p = 0.003), and presence of a radiation exposure consultation system (B = 0.214, p = 0.034).

Conclusions

This study identified several factors associated with work engagement among radiology nurses, highlighting the importance of specialized support systems to address radiation-related concerns. These findings can inform interventions to enhance work engagement and well-being in this field.
Several methods for assessing research waste in reviews with a systematic search: a scoping review
Authors: Rosengaard Louise Olsbro , Andersen Mikkel Zola , Rosenberg Jacob , Fonnes Siv
Published: November 2024

Background

Research waste is present in all study designs and can have significant consequences for science, including reducing the reliability of research findings and contributing to the inefficient use of resources. Estimates suggest that as much as 85% of all biomedical research is wasted. However, it is uncertain how avoidable research waste is assessed in specific types of study designs and what methods could be used to examine different aspects of research waste. We aimed to investigate which methods, systematic reviews, scoping reviews, and overviews of reviews discussing research waste, have used to assess avoidable research waste.

Materials and Methods

We published a protocol in the Open Science Framework prospectively (https://osf.io/2fbp4). We searched PubMed and Embase with a 30-year limit (January 1993–August 2023). The concept examined was how research waste and related synonyms (e.g., unnecessary, redundant, duplicate, etc.) were assessed in reviews with a systematic search: systematic, scoping, or overviews of reviews. We extracted data on the method used in the review to examine for research waste and for which study design this method was applied.

Results

The search identified 4,285 records of which 93 reviews with systematic searches were included. The reviews examined a median of 90 (range 10–6,781) studies, where the study designs most commonly included were randomized controlled trials (48%) and systematic reviews (33%). In the last ten years, the number of reports assessing research waste has increased. More than 50% of examined reviews reported evaluating methodological research waste among included studies, typically using tools such as one of Cochrane Risk of Bias tools (n = 8) for randomized controlled trials or AMSTAR 1 or 2 (n = 12) for systematic reviews. One fourth of reviews assessed reporting guideline adherence to e.g., CONSORT (n = 4) for randomized controlled trials or PRISMA (n = 6) for systematic reviews.

Conclusion

Reviews with systematic searches focus on methodological quality and reporting guideline adherence when examining research waste. However, this scoping review revealed that a wide range of tools are used, which may pose difficulties in comparing examinations and performing meta-research. This review aids researchers in selecting methodologies and contributes to the ongoing discourse on optimizing research efficiency.
Comparative transcriptome profiling suggests the role of phytohormones in leaf stalk-stem angle in melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Mao Jiancai , Wang Haojie , Li Junhua , Yang Junyan , Zhang Yongbing , Wu Haibo
Published: November 2024

Leaf stalk-stem angle is an important agronomic trait influencing melon architecture, photosynthetic efficiency, and crop yield. However, the mechanisms governing leaf stalk-stem angle, particularly in melon, are not well understood. In this study, we explored the comparative transcriptome in the expanded architecture line Y164 and the compact plant architecture line Z151 at 30 days after pollination. Phytohormones were measured at the leaf stalk-angle site at the same time in these two lines using liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS) (LC-MS/MS). The phytohormones and transcriptomes were jointly analyzed. Differential hormone profiling revealed that the levels of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) and 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA) in the large-angled line Y164 were significantly higher than those in the small-angled line Z151. These differences were quantified as 2.1- and 2.8-fold increases, respectively. Conversely, the content of isopentenyl adenosine (IPA) was significantly elevated in Z151, with a 3.8-fold higher concentration relative to Y164. Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 1709 differently expressed genes (DEGs), with a predominant enrichment in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways related to photosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction. Similarly, photosynthesis and the hormone metabolic process were predominantly enriched in the biological process of Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Further integration of transcriptome and hormone analyses substantiated the close relationship between melon leaf stalk-stem angle and phytohormones, especially ACC, OPDA and IPA. Selected DEGs from phytohormone signal transduction were validated. Detailed analysis of DEGs highlighted the potential role of genes such as GH3s (LOC103490488, LOC103490483), SUARs (LOC107991561, LOC103497281 and LOC103489067), ARFs (LOC103503893, LOC103493078) and five genes in abscisic acid pathway. In summary, our findings strongly suggest a direct correlation between phytohormones and the leaf stalk-stem angles in melon.
Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of a handheld myotonometer measuring myofascial stiffness of lower lumbar myofascial tissue in healthy adults
Authors: Valenti Fabio , Meden Sara , Frangež Maja , Vauhnik Renata
Published: November 2024

Background

Biomechanical muscle properties, such as stiffness, can be valuable indicators of tissue health and show promise as a diagnostic and treatment measure for chronic low back pain (CLBP). The development of accessible assessment technologies, such as the MyotonPRO portable device, allows for the convenient quantification of muscle tone and stiffness changes. The aim of this study is to assess the reliability of lumbar erector spinae muscle stiffness with the MyotonPRO in healthy adults and to compare stiffness changes between prone and sitting position.

Methods

Thirty asymptomatic participants (N = 15 women and N = 15 men) aged between 18 and 65 years were recruited to participate in this study. Two examiners tested muscle stiffness at the palpable muscle belly, one finger away from the spinous process at the level of the L4 vertebra, first from the left and then from the right side, both in prone position and after in sitting position. For inter-rater reliability, all participants were tested by two examiners on the same day, and intra-rater reliability was calculated using the same examiner’s assessment results with an exact 24-h interval. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error measures (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC) with a 95% confidence interval were calculated to assess intra-rater and inter-rater reliability.

Results

Statistical analysis revealed good intra-rater reliability with an ICC of 0.88 (95% CI [0.76–0.94]) for the stiffness of the left erector spinae and excellent intra-rater reliability with an ICC of 0.91 (95% CI [0.82–0.95]) for the right erector spinae, both in the prone position. Intra-rater reliability in the sitting position was excellent to very good with an ICC of 0.91 (95% CI [0.82–0.96]) for the left side and an ICC of 0.89 (95% CI [0.78–0.95]) for the right side. The results for the left-sided prone position showed good inter-rater reliability with an ICC of 0.87 (95% CI [0.73–0.94]). The prone position on the right side also showed good inter-rater reliability with an ICC of 0.84 (95% CI [0.68–0.92]). The inter-rater reliability for the left and right side in the sitting position was excellent with an ICC of 0.96 (95% CI [0.92–0.98]) for the left side and an ICC of 0.95 (95% CI [0.90–0.97]) for the right side.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated high reliability in measuring lumbar erector spinae muscle stiffness with the MyotonPRO in healthy adults and the ability of the device to detect even small changes in erector spinae muscle stiffness, testing both the right and left sides and measuring in both prone and sitting positions. The use of the sitting position to assess lumbar tissue tension in individuals may serve as a valuable substitute for the prone position, particularly for patients who experience discomfort in the prone position, and could have additional practical significance in clinical settings.
Chemical constituents and biological activities of endophytic fungi from Fagopyrum dibotrys
Authors: Xie Qiqi , Jia Yujie , Tao Jiwen , Bu Tongliang , Wang Qing , Shen Nayu , Zhang Xinyu , Xiao Yirong , Ye Lin , Chen Zhao , Huang Huahai , Li Qingfeng , Tang Zizhong
Published: November 2024

Background

Fagopyrum dibotrys is an important wild food and feed germplasm resource. It has high nutritional and medicinal value and is rich in natural products, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, coumarins, and alkaloids. Endophytic fungi in F. dibotrys have emerged as valuable sources of natural products. However, studies on the biological activity and chemical composition of these endophytic fungi remain limited.

Methods

In this paper, a new method to obtain natural active ingredients by fermentation of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants was proposed. Then the antioxidant and pathogenic activities of the endophytic fungi extracts were determined in vitro. In addition, secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi with medicinal activity were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

Results

Among the 95 endophytic fungal strains in F. dibotrys, four strains with high phenol yields were selected by reaction: Alternaria alstroemeriae (J2), Fusarium oxysporum (J15), Colletotrichum karsti (J74), and Colletotrichum boninense (J61). Compared with those of various extracts, the ethyl acetate fractions of A. alstroemeriae (J2), F. oxysporum (J15), and C. boninense (J61) exhibited superior antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The results indicated that the fungal extract was an excellent natural antioxidant and might be a potential antibacterial agent. The DPPH free radical clearance of A. alstroemeriae was 94.96 ± 0.004%. These findings indicated that A. alstroemeriae had strong antioxidant activity. In addition, the extract of A. alstroemeriae had good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with MICs of 0.5 and 0.05 mg/mL, respectively. The chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract from A. alstroemeriae were further analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). We noted that A. alstroemeriae can create a variety of medicinal substances that have high value in medicine, such as caffeic acid (884.75 ng/mL), 3-phenyllactic acid (240.72 ng/mL) and norlichexanthone (74.36 ng/mL).

Discussion

In summary, many valuable active substances and medicinal substances can be obtained through the study of endophytic fungi of F. dibotrys.
Successful Management of Cystitis in a Male Dog
Authors: Kar Payel , Rajesh J.B. , G.E Chethan , Behera Suvendu Kumar , Sarma Kalyan , Prasad Hridayesh
Published: November 2024

A 5-year-old male mixed breed dog was brought with complaints of fever, vomiting, inappetence, hematuria for 1 week, dysuria, pollakiuria, pain during urination and pain on palpation in the caudal part of abdomen. Haemato-biochemical analysis showed Hemoglobin 9.1 gm/dL, RBC 4.4 million/µL, WBC 24.75 x 103 /µL, and Neutrophil 85%. Urine culture revealed Staphylococci. In USG, urinary bladder wall was markedly thickened and bladder endothelium lining was highly uneven. In urinalysis report, sanguineous color of urine with pH 7.8 and red blood cell (10 cells/HPF) were there. The management of cystitis was done with fluid therapy, broad-spectrum antibiotic, and supportive therapy for a duration one week. The condition of the dog improved and medicines were continued orally for another 2 weeks.
Optimizing Hydroponics Farming: A Comprehensive Review of AI and IoT Integration for Enhanced Efficiency and Sustainability
Authors: Choorappulakkal Jasmal , Jaglan Prashant , Shubham  , Kaushal Shilpa
Published: November 2024

Innovative techniques for sustainable agriculture, such as hydroponics and aeroponics, have come to light as viable answers to problems with food security. The present review delves at the ways in which Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) might be combined to optimize farming methods, with an emphasis on improving sustainability and efficiency. This article examines artificial intelligence's involvement in smart farming and highlights how it helps with decision-making, crop monitoring, and predictive analytics. The usefulness of IoT technologies for automated system management and real-time data collection in controlled environment agriculture is also highlighted. The research goes into additional detail on the complementary ways that AI and IoT work together to increase crop yields and resource efficiency. Furthermore, scalability, affordability, and technical knowledge constraints and opportunities are examined. The study also assesses the benefits and drawbacks of hydroponic technology, weighing its advantages for the environment against possible drawbacks like setup fees. Ultimately, the future of controlled environment agriculture is shaped by developing technologies, AI-driven model developments, and Internet of Things innovations. These are the study areas and future trends that are identified. The goal of this thorough analysis is to shed light on the state of artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) applications for hydroponic and aeroponic farming.
Corporate Governance and Manufacturing Firms’ Financial Performance in Nigeria
Authors: Oladipupo Ogunleye Edward , Kelvin Adeleye Olabanji
Published: November 2024

The corporate governance mechanism was initiated to curb the excesses of managers that are saddled with the running of firm and also protect the shareholders and public interest. However, the collapse of big firms all over the world few years ago has awaken a renewed interest in firm adherence to corporate governance mechanism. Similarly, in Nigeria some firms also face similar situation. This study set out to examine the impact of corporate governance on manufacturing firms’ financial performance in Nigeria. The data used were collected from 39 listed manufacturing firms in the Nigerian Exchange Group from 2003 to 2022. The panel regression technique was used to determine the impact of corporate governance on financial performance. The study used three measures of manufacturing firms’ financial performance namely; Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Tobin Q. Seven variables were used to measured corporate governance namely; Independence Board (IND), Board Meeting (BM), Audit Committee (AUD), Board Structure/Composition (BOC), Board Size (BOS), Executive Stock Ownership (EXS) and Nomination Committee (NOC), and the control variable was Firm Age. These variables were subjected to several test; Variance Inflation Factor (VIF). The Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation Langragian Multiplier Test, Breusch-Pegan-Godfrey Heteroskedasticity and the Hausman Test selected the Random Effect Panel regression. The study found that AUD had a positive effect on ROA and Tobin Q but negative with ROE, BOS had a negative effect on ROA, and ROE but positive with Tobin Q, BM had a negative effect on ROA, and Tobin q but positive with ROE. BOC had a negative effect on ROE and Tobin Q but positive ROA. EXS had negative effect on ROA and Tobin Q, but positive with ROE. IND had a positive effect on ROA and ROE but negative with Tobin Q. FAGE had a positive effect on ROA and ROE but negative with Tobin Q while NOC had positive effect on all the three measures of manufacturing firms’ financial performance. We concluded that corporate governance had significant effect on manufacturing firms’ financial performance in Nigeria. However, when different measurements were used to proxy firm financial performance the effect contrasts, this may be attributed to both the market value and operating value of financial performance adopted for this study. Hence, the study cannot draw conclusion on which of the manufacturing firm’s financial performance is better.
Teleost Caudal Fin Development and Regeneration: Mechanisms, Models, and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Ullah Kalim , Rani Rakhshanda , Shaheen Fouzia , Tasleem Faisal
Published: November 2024

The caudal fin of teleost fish, a fundamental locomotive structure, has received considerable attention due to its extraordinary capacity for regeneration. Teleosts' ability to regenerate their caudal fins involves complex interactions between various signaling pathways, growth factors, and transcription factors that organize wound healing, cell proliferation, and tissue redevelopment. Key pathways implicated in these processes include Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, FGF, and Notch signaling, which not only regulate the proliferation and differentiation of resident stem cells but also ensure the spatial and temporal coordination necessary for tissue architecture restoration. Moreover, on the practical challenges or limitations of translating these findings to human regenerative medicine would provide more balance. Looking forward, future research could benefit from advanced genomic and proteomic techniques to unravel the finer aspects of cellular dynamics and molecular diversity within the regenerative process of the caudal fin.