bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Chinese herbal formulae (BU-SHEN-YI-QI Granule) pretreatment on the dynamic expression of thrombin in NVU after ischemia/reperfusion
Authors: Liu Aihua , Sun Jing , Tiwari Sagun , Han Zhenxiang
Published: April 2022

Background
In a previous study, we demonstrated that Bu-Shen-Yi-Qi granule, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine compound, exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in a rat model of ischemic stroke. In the present study, we examine whether Bu Shen Yi Qi granule (BSYQG) treatment has a protective impact on the dynamic expression of thrombin in the neurovascular unit of the ischemic brain following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.
Methods
Adult male SD rats (n = 36) were divided into four groups: sham operation, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), I/R + BSYQG-treatment (6g/kg/day), I/R + Argatroban (0.56 mg/ml). We established the ischemic/reperfusion model by classic cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5h, followed by 24h reperfusion. Immunofluorescence and TUNEL Double Staining were used to determine cell apoptosis in NVU. Immunofluorescence was used to examine the dynamic expression of thrombin in NVU.
Results
In cerebral ischemic/reperfusion damage, BSYQ treatment protected cells against apoptosis in the neurovascular unit. Furthermore, 6 hours after ischemic/reperfusion damage, BSYQ treatment significantly reduced brain thrombin activity.
Conclusion
BSYQ exerts protective effects in NVU after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury by inhibiting dynamic expression of thrombin.
Clinical Utility of Urine DNA for Noninvasive Detection and Minimal Residual Disease Monitoring in Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Kaiwei , Hu Hailong , Wu Junlong , Wang Huina , Guo Zhaoxia , Yu Wei , Yao Lin , Ding Feng , Zhou Tao , Wang Wang , Wang Yunkai , Liu Lei , Cao Shanbo , Lou Feng , Niu Yuanjie , Ye Dingwei , He Zhisong
Published: April 2022

Current methods for the early detection and minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring of urothelial carcinoma (UC) are invasive and/or possess suboptimal sensitivity. We developed an efficient workflow named urine tumor DNA multidimensional bioinformatic predictor (utLIFE). Using UC-specific mutations and large copy number variations, utLIFE-UC model was developed on bladder cancer cohort (n = 150) and validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) bladder cancer cohort (n=674) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) cohort (n=22). The utLIFE-UC model could discriminate 92.8% UC with 96.0% specificity, and validated robustly in BLCA_TCGA and UTUC cohorts. Furthermore, compared to cytology, utLIFE-UC achieved a great improvement in detection of non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC, p<0.01). In the MRD cohort, utLIFE-UC could distinguish 100% of patients with residual disease, showing superior sensitivity than cytology (p<0.01) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH, p<0.05). utLIFE-UC is a promising method for early diagnosis and MRD monitoring in UC. This study shows that utLIFE-UC can detect urothelial carcinoma with high sensitivity and specificity in patients in early-stage cancer or with minimal residual disease, is a cost-effective, rapid, high-throughput, noninvasive, and promising approach that may reduce the burden of cystoscopy and blind surgery.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus progression and the novel genetic variations in IL-22 and FoxP3 genes
Authors: HUSSAIN NAGEEN , Aneela Syeda , Aqsa Noor , saeed Ahmed
Published: April 2022

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the autoimmune disorders. It is thought that the deregulation in the inflammatory markers is due to a problem in the Forkhead box family member (FOXP3) which is involved in the tolerance mechanism. One cannot ignore the role of cytokine-mediated signaling pathways like IL-22. This study was done in Lahore. Pakistan. The main objective of the study was to check the alliance of FoxP3 and IL-22 gene polymorphism in association with SLE. Sixty samples (n = 60) from SLE patients were collected from different hospitals in Lahore. DNA was extracted from EDTA anticoagulated blood of SLE patients. After DNA extraction, IL-22 and FoxP3 genes were polymerized through PCR and further sequenced through the Sanger Sequencing method. The FoxP3 exon 2 and three SNPs in IL-2 i.e. rs2227491, rs2227485, and rs2227513 which were already identified were confirmed by Chromas 2.6. The mutations were checked with the help of Nucleotide Blast. Our observation showed that there are nine mutations in studied genotyped samples. The frequency of mutation was 27.27%. Allele T in rs2227485 and, allele C in rs2227513 and rs2227491 were identified in the study predominantly. These 9 mutations were found in the case of the IL-22 gene. No mutation was observed in Exon 2 of the FoxP3 gene in SLE patients. It is concluded that there may be any association between IL-22 gene polymorphism and SLE but the FoxP3 gene was not tangled in the progression of SLE in the Lahore population.
Investigation the effect of drought stress on tolerant and resistant rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties in terms of morphologic and genetic characters
Authors: Arvas Yunus Emre , Yolci Muhammed Said , Marakli Sevgi
Published: April 2022

Drought associated with global warming is a major limiting factor for crop production. This abiotic stress affects the quality and yield of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) which is a model organism and also one of the major consumed products all over the world. In this study, we aimed to analyse morphologic (root length, shoot length, root wet weight, shoot wet weight, root dry weight and shoot dry weight) of rice varieties (dhan 65, dhan 71, kızıltan and Karacadağ local rice) grown under drought stress during 21 days. For genetic properties, Hopi and Osr30 retrotransposon movements were investigated by using IRAP marker technique. Depending on the decreasing in the amount of water, we observed that all growth parameters showed variable results in four varieties. Moreover, IRAP-PCR indicated different polymorphism ratios among samples. These rates were 0-75% for Hopi and 0-50% for Osr30 . As far as we know, this is the first detailed report on dhan 65, dhan 71, kızıltan and Karacadağ local rice varieties grown under drought stress.
Applicant Perspective on the 2021 Ophthalmology Residency Cycle - A Post-Match Analysis
Authors: Nirmalan Aravindh , Baiyasi Ahmad , Jassal Japnam , Kasetty Venkatkrish , Goldman David
Published: April 2022

Objective: To evaluate the experiences and preferences of applicants applying for the 2020 - 2021 application cycle for ophthalmology residences during the COVID – 19 pandemic. Methods:A cross sectional survey was conducted online. All applicants to the Henry Ford ophthalmology residency program during the 2020-2021 application cycle were invited to complete the survey. The survey was open for completion from June 4, 2021, to July 4, 2021.Results:Survey responses were collected from 94 applicants (17.2% completion); 71 (75.5%) US MD, 10 (10.6%) DO, and 13 (13.8%) IMG MD. Applicants reported a mean (SD) USMLE Step 1 score of 243.10 (12.59) and 5.60 (5.33) publications accepted and/or submitted. Applicants applied to a mean (SD) of 82.31 (22.12) programs, were offered 8.90 (11.47) interviews, and attended 8.26 (5.56) of them. The most important factors respondents believed in choosing programs to apply to were geographical location (n = 73 (81.1%)), perceived fit in a program (n = 72 (80.0%)), and program reputation (n = 68 (75.6%)). Most respondents believed they were adequately able to assess their fit through virtual interviews (n = 56 (59.2%)). In the event of another year of virtual interviews, respondents were asked for changes they would like to see changed/improved in the match process. The most frequent response was a better assessment of a programs (n = 16 (32.0%)), followed by a stronger cap on the number of programs applied to and/or number of interviews an applicant could attend (n = 10 (20.0%)), and better opportunities to speak and connect with residents (n = 8 (16.0%)).Conclusion:Applying for ophthalmology residencies continues to be recognized as a highly competitive process with many complexities involved. Future cycles may investigate the value of replacing in-person interviews with virtual ones or may adopt a hybrid model to ease applicant financial burden and stress from travel. Given another cycle for virtual interviews, program directors may find value to offer more opportunities to interact with residents, improve virtual tours of facility, and limit technical difficulties during these interviews.
Dihydromyricetin Attenuates Colitis in Mice induced by DSS via Improving Intestinal Barrier Function
Authors: Wang XiaoJuan , Jin ZhengXu , Ma XueNi , Li XiaoLi , Xiong Bin , Cheng Long , Zhang DeKui , Li Yi
Published: April 2022

The destruction of intestinal barrier plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UC. The anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis and anti-bacterial effects of DHM have been concerned. However, the effect of DHM on Intestinal Barrier Function remains unclear. In this study, we found that DHM protected intestinal barrier from DSS through suppressing inflammatory cell infiltration and restoring the expression of Tight junction proteins (TJs) occluding and ZO-1. Meanwhile, DHM reduced cell apoptosis in the gut by influencing the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase3. FITC-dextran leakage and gut microbiota viability experiments were used to tested the protective effect of DHM on intestinal barrier intact. Therefore, DHM may have great therapeutic potential as a new drug for UC.
The relationship model among parent-child relationship, coping responses and behavioral problems in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Taghizade Soulmaz , Mahmoodi Zohreh , Zandifar Atefeh , Qorbani Mostafa , Mohamadi Farima , Mehrafzoun Niloufar
Published: April 2022

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) constitutes a prevalent behavioral problem. The present study was conducted to examine the parent-child relationship model and investigate strategies to cope with behavioral problems in children with ADHD.Methods: This descriptive study selected 300 children with ADHD using convenience sampling. The data collected using the child behavior checklist, the parent-child relationship scale (PCRS), the Billings and Moos Coping Checklist, the socioeconomic status questionnaire, the general health questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and a demographic checklist were analyzed in SPSS-25 and LISREL 8.8.Results: According to the results of the path analysis on the relationship model among parent-child relationship domains, coping responses and children’s behavioral problems, parent-child dependency domain (B=0.22) in the direct path, disease duration (B = 0.085) in the indirect path, and conflicts in the domain of parent-child relationship (B=0.366) in both direct and indirect paths had the most positive causal effect on behavioral problems. Furthermore, intimacy in the said domain (B = -0.42) had the most negative causal effect in both direct and indirect paths. The extent to which parents used coping responses via the direct path had positive causal effect on behavioral problems (B = 0.12).Based on the findings of the path analysis test in the relationship model among positive parent-child relationship, coping responses and children’s behavioral problems, the positive parent-child relationship score had the most negative causal effect via the direct path (B = -0.56), and the child's age had the highest positive causal effect via the indirect path (B=0.1) on behavioral problems in children.Conclusion: Based on findings, there is a causal and significant relationship between the parent-child relationship and extent to which coping responses are used. It is recommended that training programs be developed to strengthen communication skills, coping responses and problem-solving techniques in parents.
NamSor's performance in predicting the country of origin and ethnicity of 90,000 researchers based on their first and last names
Authors: Sebo Paul
Published: April 2022

Objective: We aimed to evaluate NamSor’s performance in predicting the country of origin and ethnicity of researchers based on their first and last names.Methods: We selected the 22 countries whose researchers authored at least 1000 medical publications in 2020 and whose percentage of migrants was <2.5% in 2020. Using PyMed, a Python library that gives access to PubMed, we extracted all publications in 2021 whose first authors were affiliated with universities or research institutes in the selected countries (N=89,906 articles). We calculated the proportion of misclassifications (=errorCodedWithoutNA) and the proportion of non-classifications (=naCoded) for three variables available in NamSor: “continent of origin” (Asia/Africa/Europe), “country of origin” and “ethnicity”. We created two other variables: “continent#2” ("Europe" replaced by "Europe/America/Oceania") and “country#2” ("Spain" replaced by “Spain/Hispanic American country” and "Portugal" replaced by "Portugal/Brazil"). We repeated the analyses by removing all results with accuracy<50%.Results: For the full sample and the subsample, errorCodedWithoutNA was, respectively, 17.0% and 13.4% for “continent”, 6.7% and 3.6% for “continent#2”, 28.3% and 20.3% for “country”, 20.7% and 12.2% for “country#2”, and 21.2% and 15.7% for “ethnicity”, whereas naCoded was zero and 18.3% for all variables, except for “ethnicity” (zero and 10.9%).Conclusions: NamSor is accurate in determining the continent of origin of individuals, especially when using the modified variable and/or restricting the analysis to names with inference accuracy ≥50%. The risk of misclassification is higher with country of origin or ethnicity, but decreases, as with continent of origin, when using the modified variable (country#2) and/or the subsample.
Retinoic acid alleviates the reduction of Akt and Bad phosphorylation and regulates Bcl-2 family protein interactions in animal models of ischemic stroke
Authors: Kang Ju-Bin , Shah Murad-Ali , Park Dong-Ju , Koh Phil-Ok
Published: April 2022

Ischemic stroke causes a lack of oxygen and glucose supply to brain, eventually leads to severe neurological disorders. Retinoic acid is a major metabolic product of vitamin A and has various biological effects. The PI3K-Akt signaling pathway is an important survival pathway in brain. Phosphorylated Akt is important in regulating survival and apoptosis. We examined whether retinoic acid has neuroprotective effects in stroke model by regulating Akt and its downstream protein, Bad. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between retinoic acid and Bcl-2 family protein interactions. Animals were intraperitoneally administered vehicle or retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) for four days before surgery and ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. Retinoic acid reduced neurological deficits and histopathological changes, decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells, and alleviated reduction of phospho-PDK1, phospho-Akt, and phospho-Bad expression caused by MCAO damage. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that MCAO damage reduced the interaction between phospho-Bad and 14-3-3, which was attenuated by retinoic acid. Furthermore, retinoic acid mitigated the increase in Bcl-2/Bad and Bcl-xL/Bad binding levels and the reduction in Bcl-2/Bax and Bcl-xL/Bax binding levels caused by MCAO damage. It alleviated the increases in caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 expression caused by MCAO. We showed that retinoic acid alleviated neurological disorders, attenuated the decrease in phospho-Akt and phospho-Bad expression, regulated phospho-Bad binding with 14-3-3, modulated Bcl-2 family protein interactions, and ultimately alleviated caspase-3 activation. Therefore, we demonstrate that retinoic acid prevented apoptosis against cerebral ischemia through phosphorylation of Akt and Bad, maintenance of phospho-Bad and 14-3-3 binding, and regulation of Bcl-2 family protein interactions.
When will extreme heat events become part of the new climate normal?
Authors: Zittis George , Lazoglou Georgia , Hadjinicolaou Panos , Lelieveld Jos
Published: April 2022

As a result of global warming, extreme heat events have become more frequent and severe. This will likely continue or accelerate in the future, particularly under high radiative forcing scenarios. In the present study, based on an ensemble of global climate model simulations, we identify the absolute historical extremes expressed by several temperature indices. Considering projections under two future pathways (SSP1-2.6, SSP5-8.5), we investigate to what extent extreme heat events will become predominant during the rest of the century. The timing of a transition to prevailing hot weather extremes is critical for the development of mitigation and adaptation strategies, therefore, we also identify the projected first year of such a transition, as well as the persistence in subsequent decades. Different aspects of heat extremes are investigated, including both maximum and minimum temperature. For some climate zones, our results highlight that regardless of mitigation efforts, hot weather conditions will be at least similar but likely more extreme compared to historical events within the following decades. By the end of the century, under a business-as-usual pathway, successive years will be much more extreme than the most severe conditions in the recent past virtually everywhere.
Interactive higher Salinity and Water Stress levels severely reduced the Growth, stress tolerance, and Physiological Responses of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.)
Authors: Xu Minggang , Abrar Muhammad Mohsin , Sohail Muhammad , Saqib Muhammad , Akhtar Javaid , Abbas Ghulam , Wahab Hafiz Abdul , Mumtaz Muhammad Zahid , Mehmood Khalid , Memon Muhammad Suleman , Sun Nan
Published: April 2022

Soil salinity and water deficit are serious issues of changing climate reducing crop production worldwide. The current research was undertaken to explore the growth, stress tolerance, and physiological responses of guava to combined salinity and water shortage. Guava was grown for one year in pots containing soil with eight treatments of salinity and water stress (control, 10 dS m− 1, 20 dS m− 1, 40 dS m− 1, control + deficit water, 10 dS m− 1 + deficit water, 20 dS m− 1 + deficit water, 40 dS m− 1 + deficit water). The results showed that plant growth, stress tolerance, and physiological attributes (i.e., chlorophyll contents, rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and rate of transpiration) were decreased with increasing salinity, and plants could not survive at a salinity level of 40 dS m− 1. With increasing Na+ concentration, the K+ concentration in leaves, root, and stem was decreased. Salinity-induced damaging effects on shoot growth were exacerbated due to due to water deficit. Plants' growth and physiological attributes were severely damaged at 20 dS m− 1 level of salinity both in abundant and deficit water supply. Our findings validated that guava is a moderately salt-tolerant plant and can be cultivated on soils having salinity up to 10 dS m− 1.
A DNA assembly toolkit to unlock the CRISPR/Cas9 potential for metabolic engineering
Authors: Yuzbashev Tigran , Yuzbasheva Evgeniya , Melkina Olga , Patel Davina , Bubnov Dmitrii , Dietz Heiko , Ledesma-Amaro Rodrigo
Published: April 2022

CRISPR/Cas9 technology enables chromosomal integration of marker-free DNA, eliminating laborious marker recovery procedures. Nevertheless, assembling CRISPR/Cas9 editing systems is labour intensive and the vast majority of contemporary metabolic engineering projects do not involve this cutting-edge technology. We have identified key issues with current Cas9 toolkits and designed corresponding solutions. These include 1) A system to quickly switch between marker-free and marker-based integration constructs via Cre-expressing and standard Escherichia coli assembly strains. 2) The ability to redirect multigene integration donors into alternative genomic loci via Golden Gate – based exchange of homology arms. 3) A rapid, simple in-vivo method to re-encode guide sequences via recombineering between Cas9-helper plasmids and single oligonucleotides. We combine these methodologies into a next-generation toolkit for efficient metabolic engineering using CRISPR/Cas9. As a proof of concept, we characterized a library of 137 promoters and built a de novo Yarrowia lipolytica strain synthetizing 373.8 mg/L homogentisic acid.
Correlation analysis between the complex electrical permittivity and relaxation time of tissue mimicking phantoms in 7T MRI
Authors: Hernandez Daniel , Kim Kyoung-Nam
Published: April 2022

Dielectric relaxation theory describes the complex permittivity of a material in an alternating field, in particular Debye theory relates the time it takes for an applied field to achieve the maximum polarization and the electrical properties of the material. Although, Debye’s equations were proposed for electrical polarization, in this study, we investigate the correlation between the magnetic longitudinal relaxation time T1 and the complex electrical permittivity of tissue-mimicking phantoms using a 7T magnetic resonance scanner. We created phantoms that mimicked several human tissues with specific electrical properties. The electrical properties of the phantoms were measured using bench-test equipment. T1 values were acquired from phantoms using MRI. The measured values were fitted with functions based on dielectric estimations, using relaxation times of electrical polarization, and the mixture theory for dielectrics. The results show that, T1 and the real permittivity are correlated; therefore, the correlation can be approximated with a rational function in the case of water-based phantoms. The correlation between index loss and T1 was determined using a fitting function based on the Debye equation and mixture theory equation, in which the fraction of the materials was taken into account. This phantom study and analysis provide an insight into the application relaxation times used for estimating dielectric properties. Currently the measurement of electrical properties based on dielectric relaxation theory uses an antenna, sometimes invasive, that irradiates electric field into a small sample, and is not possible to create a map of electrical properties for a complex structure like the human body. This study could be further used to compute electrical properties maps of tissues by scanning images and measuring T1 maps.
Climate change may cause the extinction of the butterfly Lasiommata petropolitana in the Apennines
Authors: Bonifacino Marco , Pasquali Lorenzo , Sistri Ginevra , Menchetti Mattia , Santini Luca , Corbella Cecília , Bonelli Simona , Balletto Emilio , Vila Roger , Dincă Vlad , Dapporto Leonardo
Published: April 2022

Climate change represents a threat to narrow-ranged mountain species living in low-altitude massifs. We studied the disjunct Apennine population of Lasiommata petropolitana (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in the Gran Sasso and Monti della Laga National Park. We quantified the altitudinal shifts undergone in the last decades (1964-2021) in the Alps and Apennines and estimated the local extinction risk due to climate change. We also sequenced the COI mitochondrial marker of seven Apennine specimens, comparing them with those available across the Palearctic. We projected the probability of presence for the species under a future climatic scenario using an ensemble forecasting approach. We found that, despite geographical isolation, the Apennine population of L. petropolitana displays a single widespread COI haplotype also occurring in most European populations. In the Alps and Apennines, this species has shifted uphill an average of 6.3 m per year since 1964. Accordingly, our model predicted a likely extinction in the Apennines by about 2060, due to a reduction of the climatic suitability in this region. Implications for insect conservation Despite its potential loss in the Apennines would not erode mitochondrial diversity, L. petropolitana characterises the butterfly community of the Gran Sasso massif as an alpine enclave. The loss of the Apennine population, together with those of other orophilous butterflies, could trigger a homogenization of alpha and beta diversity and induce a loss of functional diversity in the impoverished high-altitude biotas. As habitat heterogeneity is a key aspect for populations to endure climate change, the maintenance of varied microhabitats, mainly through grazing management, could address the decline of this population.
Notable Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylamide (PAM) with Graphene Oxide (GO) and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT)
Authors: Awasthi Seema , Yadav Thakur Prasad , Awasthi Kalpana
Published: April 2022

In the present investigations, the Polyacrylamide (PAM)-graphene oxide (GO)-single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) composite materials has been prepared and physical properties (electrical and mechanical) mesurments have been carried out. The dispersion of GO-SWNTs in PAM matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The GO sheets provide the enormous surface area in nanocomposite films, while the SWNTs act as wires joining the GO together in the composite matrix. This interconnected network creates a conducting path, lowering film resistance and improving PAM films' electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Raman study demonstrated that carbon nanofiller (SWNTs, GO) and PAM have good interfacial boding. Low-temperature dc electrical conductivity measurement and nanoindentation technique were used to investigate the electrical and mechanical properties of PAM-SWNT-GO composite films. At 15 wt% GO and SWNT loading in PAM, significant increases in electrical conductivity and mechanical characteristics (hardness and elastic modulus) are found. Electrical conductivity of 15 wt% GO and SWNTs in PAM is found to be 5 orders of magnitude higher than that of PAM polymer. In compared to pure PAM polymer, the elastic modulus and hardness are found to be 8 and 134 times higher, respectively.
Takeaways from an Experimental Evaluation of XDP and DPDK under a Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Freitas Eduardo , Filho Assis T. de Oliveira , Carmo Pedro R. X. , Sadok Djamel H. J. , Kelner Judith
Published: April 2022

The popularization of the Linux kernel at data center servers became a significant factor to consider when developing or deploying network applications. New “packet processing frameworks” emerged to ensure fast packet processing inside these servers that rely on the Linux kernel , XDP and DPDK being the two main ones. Alongside this, Cloud Computing environments dominated the data center scenario, bringing virtualization to the center of these servers. This work compares DPDK and XDP packet processors when subject to a cloud computing environment with I/O, CPU, and network load. We first describe an architecture that implements frameworks and emulates a cloud environment. We measure throughput and packet loss while varying the number of competing VMs, CPU usage by the frameworks, and packet size and present our results in the form of takeaways. We conclude that the virtual environment can impact the performance of both frameworks depending on the received packet size and the type of workload the cloud environment performs. A significant case to highlight is when the cloud environment performs network load, and the servers receive small-sized packets, creating both throughput degradation and increasing packet loss. We conclude our experiments by conducting statistical non-parametric hypothesis tests to enhance our conclusions and have a closer look at the results.
Knowledge-graph-based cell-cell communication inference for spatially resolved transcriptomic data with SpaTalk
Authors: Shao Xin , Li Chengyu , Yang Haihong , Lu Xiaoyan , Liao Jie , Qian Jingyang , Wang Kai , Cheng Junyun , Yang Penghui , Chen Huajun , Xu Xiao , Fan Xiaohui
Published: April 2022

Spatially resolved transcriptomics (ST) provides genetic information in space toward elucidation of the spatial architecture in intact organs and the spatially resolved cell-cell communications mediating tissue homeostasis, development, and disease. To facilitate inference of spatially resolved cell-cell communications from ST data, we here present SpaTalk, which relies on a graph network and knowledge graph to model and score the ligand-receptor-target signaling network between spatially proximal cells, decomposed from ST data through a non-negative linear model and spatial mapping between single-cell RNA-sequencing and ST data. The performance of SpaTalk benchmarked on public single-cell ST datasets was superior to that of existing cell-cell communication inference methods. SpaTalk was then applied to STARmap, Slide-seq, and 10X Visium data, revealing the in-depth communicative mechanisms underlying normal and disease tissues with spatial structure. SpaTalk can uncover spatially resolved cell-cell communications for single-cell and spot-based ST data universally, providing new insights into spatial inter-cellular dynamics.
Efficacy and safety analysis of a new hemostatic gelatin matrix for spinal surgery: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Gao Ran , Yang Xiaowei , Xu Jiaqiang , Liang Wen , Xie Banglin , Zhang Bin , Guo Runsheng , Lai Qi
Published: April 2022

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a new hemostatic gelatin matrix for use in spinal surgery.Methods: From September to December 2020, 54 patients from our hospital were recruited and randomly allocated to a test group or a control group using computer-generated randomization codes. In the test group, the new hemostatic gelatin matrix was used; in the control group, the Surgiflo™ Hemostatic Matrix was used. All operations for both groups were performed by a senior physician, and the following measures were recorded for comparison: (i) rates of successful hemostasis at 5 min; (ii) time to hemostasis; (iii) blood pressure (BP); (iv) red blood (RBC) cell count; and (v) hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the preoperative period, 1st to 2nd postoperative days, and 42nd postoperative day. Adverse events following surgery were also compared. Results: All patients were followed up for at least 6 weeks. In the test group, 24 and 2 cases achieved and did not achieve hemostasis within 5 min, respectively. In the control group, 23 and 2 cases achieved and did not achieve hemostasis within 5 min, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.967). The time to hemostasis, BP, RBC, and Hb in the preoperative period, on the 1st and 2nd postoperative days, and 42nd postoperative day also showed no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion: The new hemostatic gelatin matrix has the same efficacy and safety as that of Surgiflo™ Hemostatic Matrix.
Metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma to the brain: a case report and literature review
Authors: Sun Junwei , Li Jianhua , Wang Mingyu , Kan Zhisheng
Published: April 2022

Background:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common tumors in the head and neck. Brain metastasis from NPC is extremely rare and few case reports describe it in detail. Case presentation: We presented the experience of a 51-year-old patient with NPC that progressed to brain metastases and was surgically removed. The primary lesion of NPC was located in his left pharynx, while the metastatic mass appeared in the right temporal lobe, and it caused significant space-occupying effects. Surgical resection was performed and histopathology after surgery confirmed that the mass was a non-keratinizing undifferentiated carcinoma. Conclusions:Clinicians should pay continuous attention to the occurrence of NPC brain metastasis. More studies should focus on the epidemiological characteristics, the mechanisms of metastasis, advanced diagnostic methods, and better treatment strategies for NPC brain metastases.
Comparison of outcomes between Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion and MED-Assisted Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion in single-level lumbar spondylosis
Authors: Chang Feng , Wei Jinpeng , Zhang Peng , Gao Gang , Zhang Ting , Yu Chen , Xu Yongli , Ge Yizhou , Zhang Zhiguo , Huang Ying
Published: April 2022

Background: For Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis, lumbar fusion surgery is usually one of the treatment options after conservative treatment has failed. This retrospective study compared the recent clinical efficacy of Oblique Lumbar interbody Fusion (OLIF) and Microendoscopic Discectomy combine Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (MED-assisted MIS-TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar single-level spondylolisthesis. Methods: A total of 55 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwent OLIF or MED-assisted MIS-TLIF between February 2019 and February 2021 were enrolled. Operating time, intra-operative bleeding and post-operative drainage were recorded to evaluate the intraoperative performance. The oswestry disability index (ODI) and visual analog scale (VAS) for back and leg pain were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes. Lumbar lordosis (LL), fused segmental lordosis (FSL) and disc height (DH) were measured preoperatively, three days postoperatively, 3 months and 12 months postoperatively. Fusion status (FS) and cage subsidence (CS) were assessed at final follow-up postoperatively. Results were analyzed statistically.Results: In this study, patients were divided into the OLIF group (35 cases) and the MIS-TLIF group (20 cases). No statistically significant difference in preoperative indicators between groups. Intraoperative performance of the OLIF group was better than that of the MIS-TLIF group. At the immediate postoperative, the VAS was 3.54±1.12 in the OLIF group and 4.25±1.02 in the MIS-TLIF group(P=0.024). There was no significant difference in the VAS and ODI score at subsequent follow-up. Comparison of radiographic indicators showed that there was a significant difference in the DH between groups at post-operative and final follow-up(12.11±1.83 mm vs 11.04±1.26 mm, P = 0.024; 11.98±1.81 mm vs 10.88±1.27 mm, P =0.011). At the last follow-up, the fusion rate and CS in the OLIF group and the MIS-TLIF group was not statistically significant (91.43% vs 75%, P=0.206; 8.57% vs 15%, P=0.775).Conclusion: OLIF has advantages in terms of intraoperative performance and postoperative recovery. In terms of clinical presentation, both two groups have excellent short-term outcomes for patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis. Further follow up is required for long term outcome.
Intratracheal trimerized nanobody cocktail protects against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in mice
Authors: Nagata Kayoko , Utsumi Daichi , Asaka Masamitsu , Maeda Ryota , Shirakawa Kotaro , Kazuma Yasuhiro , Nomura Ryosuke , Horisawa Yoshihito , Yanagida Yohei , Kawai Yugo , Sato Kei , Yamaoka Yutaro , Miyakawa Kei , Ryo Akihide , Yasutomi Yasuhiro , Imura Akihiro , Takaori-Kondo Akifumi
Published: April 2022

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are highly resistant to vaccine-induced immunity and human monoclonal antibodies. Here, we demonstrate that a novel nanobody TP86 potently neutralized both BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron variants, and that the TP17 and TP86 nanobody cocktail broadly neutralized in vitro all VOCs as well as D614G. Furthermore, this cocktail showed therapeutic efficacy in vivo on VOCs using human ACE2 transgenic mice.
Survival outcomes of patients with FIGO stage IV ovarian cancer: cytoreduction still matters
Authors: Xiao Yao , Linghu Hua
Published: April 2022

Purpose: There is still no consensus on the therapeutic strategies for patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IV ovarian cancer (OC). We aim to outline the clinical characteristics and optimal therapeutic strategies of patients with FIGO stage IV OC.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the clinical features and survival of patients with FIGO stage IV OC that underwent cytoreduction or received at least one course of chemotherapy between January 2014 and December 2020.Results: One hundred and twenty patients were included. Compared with chemotherapy alone, cytoreduction significantly improved the median overall survival of patients (51 months vs. 21 months, p<0.001, HR 2.43, 95% CI 1.11-5.33). The completion of chemotherapy improved median overall survival of patients either with (53 months vs. 25 months, p<0.001, HR 7.015, 95% CI 1.372-35.881) or without cytoreduction (43 months vs. 6 months, p=0.006, HR 5.969, 95% CI 1.115-31.952). In patients with FIGO stage IVB, those with only extra-abdominal lymph node metastases had better survival. Conclusions: In patients with FIGO stage IVB, those with only extra-abdominal lymph node metastases had a better prognosis. Cytoreduction provided survival benefits to patients with FIGO stage IV OC. Completion of chemotherapy improved survival of patients either with or without surgery.
Family Values in Advertising Discourse of Women’s Periodicals of the NEP Era
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod ‒ National Research University, Gordeeva Еlena Yu. , Malutina Svetlana A. ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod ‒ National Research University
Published: April 2022

The aim of this research is to identify the values of a family and society, reflected in advertising discourse including bibliographic advertisement on the pages of women’s periodicals of the NEP era. New empirical material is introduced into scientific circulation: texts of traditional and editorial book advertisement of non-state periodicals for women (Magazine for housewives, 1922–1926, Women’s magazine, 1926–1930). The relevance of the research is due to the necessity of studying bibliographic advertisement in women’s specialized magazines, which has not been included previously in the orbit of scientific interest. The basic research methods are historical and typological, comparative historical, methods of linguistic and textual analysis, entire overview. The authors reveal the importance of bibliographic advertisement on the pages of “Magazine for housewives” and “Women’s magazine” in process of transformation of the value paradigm in post-revolutionary Russia, reconsideration of the old and consolidation of the new gender roles of a woman in Soviet society (the wife, the mother, the housewife, the worker, the social activist). Using syncretic of their genre nature texts on the pages of Magazine for housewives and Women’s magazine actualizes genres of bookselling advertisement (annotation, price list) as well as media genres (mini-review and review, recommendation, etc.). Comparisons, lexical repetitions, superlatives of adjectives, calls to action, etc. were used as means of language suggestion in book advertisement in specialized magazines. Indication of the uniqueness of a book novelty, promise of a gift or a benefit and personalization are becoming the universal methods of book advertisement. Since the strategies tested in bibliographic advertisement of the NEP era were actively developed in the subsequent period, our results can be used in future analysis of axiological context of the Soviet advertising discourse.
Verbalization of the Family Concept in Russian and Iranian Language Pictures (Based on Proverbs)
Authors:   University of Bojnord, Eidlak Khalida Siyami , Javad Yazdanmehr Sayyed Mohammad ,   Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Published: April 2022

This article examines the concept of the “family” and its lexicographic expression in the comparative relation of Russian and Persian linguocultures. The methodological basis of the study is the units that served as the fundamental material for the study, built on the methods of linguo-cognitive and linguocultural analyses of the “family” concept, as well as those withdrawn by the method of continuous sampling from explanatory and phraseological dictionaries of the compared languages. The relevance of the study is determined by the expediency of a comparative study of paremias in the linguocultural and linguo-cognitive aspects, in order to identify and demonstrate the fundamental centuries-old values of family relations of two compared linguocultures. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that such a conceptual analysis with the “family” component in a comparative-comparative aspect on the basis of phraseological units, proverbs and sayings of Iranian and Russian linguistic cultures is carried out for the first time. Based on the purpose of our study, which was to identify the specifics and originality of “family relationships and values” at the proverbial level of the two compared languages, the norms of behavior and relationships between members of the concept of “family” were identified. As a result of the linguocultural analysis of the hyperconcept “family” and the microconcepts branching from it, it was revealed that in the ordinary minds of representatives of both Russian and Persian people, they have a positive connotation. The conclusions obtained by us are of practical importance and can arouse the interest of researchers in the field of oriental studies, as well as teachers of Russian as a foreign language in an Iranian-speaking environment and the Persian language in a Russian-speaking audience for the purpose of further linguocultural analysis and study of the paremias of the compared languages, and are also taken into account in the development of specialized dictionaries of proverbs and sayings, phraseological units and set expressions.
PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA DAN GAJI TERHADAP KINERJA PT CIOMAS ADISATWA LAMPUNG SELATAN
Authors: Sari Rani Puspita , Citra Welia , Sanjaya Vicky F
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari adanya beban kerja dan gaji terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT Ciomas Adisatwa Lampung Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, dengan 30 responden yang dikumpulkan dari karyawan PT Ciomas Adisatwa Lampung Selatan dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan PLS. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah variabel beban kerja dan gaji terbukti memiliki pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Oleh karena itu, PT Ciomas Adisatwa Lampung Selatan harus menjadikan beban kerja dan gaji sebagai salah satu tolak ukur utama dalam meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan.
Kata Kunci: Beban Kerja; Gaji; Kinerja
 
Abstract: This study aims to determine the impact of workload and salary on employee performance at PT Ciomas Adisatwa South Lampung. In this study using quantitative research methods, with 30 respondents collected from employees of PT Ciomas Adisatwa Lampung Selatan with data analysis techniques using PLS. The results obtained from this study are that the workload and salary variables have been shown to have a significant influence, therefore PT Ciomas Adisatwa Lampung Selatan must make workload and salary as one of the main benchmarks in improving company performance.
Keywords: Workload; Salary; Performan
STRATEGI SOSIAL, EKONOMI, DAN BUDAYA PEKERJA PURNA MIGRAN ERA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Agustina Ika , Mubarok Kasirul
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Masyarakat di era COVID-19 mengalami perubahan, tak terkecuali purna migran. Perubahan terjadi yang disebabkan oleh pandemi mengakibatkan purna migran membuat dan melaksanakan strategi dalam bidang sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya untuk mempertahankan hidup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana strategi sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi purna migran  dalam masyarakat pada era pandemi. Teori Tindakan Sosial, Teori Masyarakat Risiko, dan Teori Modal Sosial digunakan sebagai alat untuk memperkuat analisis. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus  terhadap strategi sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi pekerja purna migran dalam  masyarakat masa pandemi kemudian dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam kepada empat informan purna pekerja migran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan saat awal menjadi purna migran mereka mengalami risiko akibat pandemi (diberhentikan, dipulangkan, dan tidak dibayar). Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, mereka membuat strategi     dalam bidang sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi merupakan pilihan yang tepat dan modal yang dimiliki purna migran dapat dikembangkan, baik sosial, budaya, dan  ekonomi. Temuan menarik dalam penelitian ini adalah setelah menjadi purna migran yang sudah menerapkan strategi mereka tetap mengalami risiko dalam bidang tersebut sesuai dengan teori masyarakat risiko.
Kata Kunci : Strategi Sosial; Strategi Ekonomi; Strategi Budaya; Purna Pekerja Migran.
 
Abstract: Society in the COVID-19 era has changed, including post-migrants. The changes that have occurred due to the pandemic have resulted in returning migrants to create and implement strategies in the social, economic, and cultural fields to sustain life. The purpose of this study is to explain how the social, cultural, and economic strategies of post-migrants in society during the pandemic era. Social Action Theory, Community Risk Theory, and Social Capital Theory are used as tools to strengthen the analysis. The method used is qualitative with a case study approach to the social, cultural, and economic strategies of returning migrant workers  in  a  community  during  the  pandemic  and  then  conducting  in-depth interviews with four informants of returning migrant workers. The results showed that when they first became retired migrants, they were at risk due to the pandemic (dismissed, repatriated, and unpaid). To meet the needs of life, they make a strategy in the social, cultural, and economic fields which is the right choice and the capital owned by post-migrants can be developed, both socially, culturally, and economically. An interesting finding in this study is that after returning migrants who have implemented the strategy, they still experience risks in this field according to the risk society theory.
Keywords: Social Strategy, Economic Strategy, Cultural Strategy, Retired Migrant Workers.
FATORES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS E CLÍNICOS ASSOCIADOS AO ATENDIMENTO DE IDOSOS VÍTIMAS DE QUEDAS EM UM PRONTO-SOCORRO
Authors: Martins Cristiano Inácio , Rona da Silva Karla , Castro Santos Camargos Mirela
Published: April 2022

Introdução: Com o envelhecimento populacional e aumento da longevidade, é de se esperar um aumento na demanda por atendimento dessa população, por diversos motivos, entre eles as quedas. Objetivo: Analisar os fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos associados à atendimentos por quedas em pacientes idosos de um pronto-socorro referência para politraumatizado do Estado de Minas Gerais. Metodologia: Estudo transversal descritivo, de natureza quantitativa, coleta de dados em fontes secundária. Resultados: A análise demonstrou maiores chances de ocorrência de queda no sexo feminino, um paciente de 75 a 79 anos tem 1,2 vezes mais chances de sofrer queda em comparação a um paciente na faixa de 60 a 64 anos. Estas chances são aumentadas em 1,5 vezes se o paciente for da faixa de 80 a 84 anos, 2,0 vezes se for da faixa de 85 a 89 anos, 2,5 vezes se for da faixa de 90 a 94 anos, 3,4 vezes se for da faixa de 95 a 99 anos e 6,5 vezes se for da faixa de 100 anos ou mais. Um paciente com classificação de Manchester verde tem 2,7 vezes mais chances de sofrer queda em comparação a um paciente com classificação azul. Estas chances são aumentadas 4,8 vezes para o paciente classificado na cor amarela, aumento de 6,4 vezes para a classificação cor laranja e 3,3 vezes para a cor vermelha. As lesões em membros inferiores foram os mais prevalentes dentre as lesões corporais. Considerações Finais: Os resultados apresentados são insumos para o planejamento de ações necessárias a gestão e organização da atenção à saúde do idoso, que contribuem para o fortalecimento de uma assistência de qualidade, segura e transparente.

Palavras-chave: Idoso. Quedas. Pronto-socorro.