The correlation between intake of energy, protein, fat of underweight and CD4+ count for children with HIV
Authors: Maragareth Waisaktini , Hadisaputro Soeharyo , Margawati Ani 
Published: July 2019

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p><strong><em>Latar</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>Belakang</em></strong><em>: </em><em>Peningkatan infeksi HIV anak di Indonesia searah dengan peningkatan presentase penularan AIDS dari ibu ke anaknya dari 3% (2013) menjadi 4,6% (2015). </em><em>HIV anak menjalani t</em><em>erapi antiretroviral (ARV) untuk meningkatkan jumlah sel T-CD4+. Stadium klinis berat pada HIV anak menurunkan jumlah CD4+. Pemberian suplementasi zat gizi makro dan mikro dapat meningkatkan status gizi HIV anak yang menjalani ARV.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Tujuan</em></strong><em>: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan asupan energi, protein, </em><em>dan </em><em>lemak </em><em>terhadap</em><em> status gizi</em><em> berdasarkan berat badan</em><em> dan jumlah CD4</em><em>+</em><em> </em><em>pada HIV anak di Kota dan Kabupaten Semarang. </em></p><p><strong><em>Metode</em></strong><em>: </em><em>Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Subjek yaitu anak usia 1-14 tahun sebanyak 31 subjek. Data dikumpulkan meliputi tinggi badan (TB), berat badan (BB), asupan zat gizi diperoleh dengan metode food recall 2x24 jam. Jumlah CD4+ melalui pemeriksaan darah subjek. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dan Regresi Logistik untuk menghitung Prevalence Rasio (PR). </em></p><p><strong><em>Hasil</em></strong><em>: </em><em>Asupan protein memberikan risiko bermakna terhadap rendahnya jumlah CD4+ (PR=2,8; p=0,018; CI=1,331-5,891). </em></p><p><strong><em>Kesimpulan</em></strong><em>: Asupan gizi (energi, protein, lemak) tidak terkait dengan berat badan rendah (BB/U) dan </em><em>stunting</em><em> (TB/U). </em><em>A</em><em>supan zat gizi yang berhubungan </em><em>bermakna </em><em>dengan </em><em>jumlah </em><em>CD4+ yang rendah (&lt;500 sel/mm<sup>3</sup>)</em><em> hanya asupan protein.  Asupan protein yang kurang pada HIV anak berisiko mengalami suppresi berat (jumlah CD4+ &lt;500 sel/mm<sup>3</sup>) sebesar 3,036 kali</em></p><p><em><br /> </em><strong>KATA KUNCI<em>:</em></strong><em> asupan </em><em>gizi, HIV anak</em><em> </em><em>, </em><em>jumlah CD4 +,</em><em> </em><em>stunting</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>The increase in HIV</em><em>-</em><em>infect</em><em>ed</em><em> children in Indonesia in line with</em><em> the</em><em> increase percentage of HIV</em><em> positive children from mother to child transmission </em><em>from 3% (2013) to 4.6% (2015). HIV</em><em>-infected children using</em><em> antiretroviral therapy (ARV) to increase the T-cells CD4+</em><em> count </em><em>in HIV</em><em>-infected children </em><em>patients. </em><em>C</em><em>linical stage heavily on lowering the CD4+ </em><em>count for HIV-infected </em><em>children. Supplementation of macro and micronutrients can improve the nutritional status of children using antiretroviral HIV. </em><strong><em>O</em></strong><strong><em>bjectives</em></strong><em>. The study aimed </em><em>to analyze the relationship of intake of energy, protein, fat and clinical stage of  nutritional status and CD4 counts </em><em>for</em><em> HIV</em><em>-infected </em><em>children in the regional district and the city of Semarang.</em></p><p><strong><em>Methods</em></strong><em>: </em><em>A cross-sectional study in The Regional District and the City of  Semarang. The subject of 31 HIV-infected children aged 1-14 years. Data collected included height, body weight, nutrient intake obtained by the method of Food Recall 2x24 hours. The number of CD4+ through blood test subjects. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. </em></p><p><strong><em>Results</em></strong><em>: </em><em>The intake of protein significant</em><em>ly increase the</em><em> </em><em>of</em><em> </em><em>low </em><em>CD4+</em><em> count</em><em> (PR = 3.036; p = 0.021; CI = 1.211 to 7.608 and PR = 2.8; p = 0.018; CI = 1.331 to 5.891). </em><strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong><em> Nutrient intake (energy, protein, fat) is not associated with low body weight (WAZ), stunting (HAZ) and nutrient intake (energy, protein, fat) is not associated with low CD4 + incidence (&lt;500 cells/mm3).</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>KEYWORDS</strong>:<em> </em><em>CD4+</em><em> count,</em><em> HIV</em><em>-infected </em><em>children</em><em>, </em><em>nutrient intake, stunting </em><em></em></p>