bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF CRYOLITE FOR LIQUID-PHASE SINTERING OF FACING CERAMICS BASED ON LOW-PLASTIC CLAY
Authors:   A.G. and N. G. Stoletovs Vladimir State University, FILIPPOVA L. S. , AKIMOVA A. S. ,   A.G. and N. G. Stoletovs Vladimir State University, PIKALOV E. S. ,   A.G. and N. G. Stoletovs Vladimir State University
Published: June 2024

The study results of the possibility of using cryolite as a flux-hardening additive are presented and the mechanism of formation of cryolite-alumina melt with the participation of aluminum oxide in the composition of low-plastic clay during firing is considered. The influence of the resulting melt on the formation of the ceramics structure and its basic physical-mechanical properties is shown.
Beyond the theoretical and pedagogical constraints of cognitive load theory, and towards a new cognitive philosophy in education
Authors: Kim Minkang , Duncan Christopher , Yip Stanley , Sankey Derek
Published: June 2024

Cognitive load theory (CLT), a construct of instructional psychologist John Sweller, has long been a mainstay of educational psychology and university educational technology courses, regionally and internationally. Although aspects of this cognitivist theory have been severely criticised, including its insistence on direct instruction in opposition to inquiry-based pedagogies, a comprehensive philosophical, neurobiological, and education critique has been missing. This paper fills the gap, by subjecting the main theoretical and pedagogical claims of CLT to close and searching scrutiny, in part, utilising a newly emerging synthesis of philosophy and cognitive brain science, appropriately known as Cognitive Philosophy. The paper pushes past CLT, with its emphasis on the transient nature of working memory and core notion of cognitive ‘load’, to propose an account of the learning brain that is predictive (not reactive), embodied, neuronally plastic, non-linear, dynamically self-organising, and inherently emotional. This alternative account immediately problematises Sweller’s understanding of working memory and his account of language learning, based on Geary’s questionable epistemological claims, while keeping the practical needs of teachers and teacher educators firmly in view. Armed with this alternative, teachers can move beyond the theoretical and pedagogical constraints of CLT, including trying to mitigate a putative ‘load’ in working memory.
This is why psychology can’t have nice things: Commentary on Sanbonmatsu, Cooley & Posavak (2023)
Authors: Richters John E.
Published: June 2024

American society deserves a much better return on its multi-billion dollar investment in psychological science than a grievance-based, blame shifting thesis that attempts to explain away its failures and justify more of the same. In their recent attempt to defense this thesis, Sanbonmatsu, Cooley & Posavac (2023) rely on fallacious arguments and counterfactual claims that collapse under the weight of their contractions and reveal a sobering portrait of precisely the problems of psychological science that the authors unsuccessfully attempt to explain away.
Emergency Contraception: Ongoing Medical, Pharmacological, Political, and Ethical Controversies
Authors: Kraetschmer Kurt
Published: June 2024

The aim of the critical analysis is an illumination of unresolved issues on Emergency Contraception (EC). This form of contraception has been offered as an effective method of birth control to women since the end of the last century. At present -- in the post-Roe generation where access to abortion has been restricted -- the interest in EC is increasing. It is important therefore to provide accurate and complete information on which prospective users of EC can rely. Material and Metho The material encompasses documents issued by leading health authorities -- such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) -- as well as research articles published in high-ranked scientific journals. This material is assessed by a critical analysis which compares the discrepancies in data provided and in claims made. Results The result is evidence of publications containing unreliable claims and conflicting views on some of the most salient aspects of EC such as safety, efficacy, mode of action, drug-drug interactions, legislation on abortion medication, and ethical discussions on the protection of life. Implications Consumers and patients should be critical towards claims made by health agencies and rather rely on high-level research in the area of pharmacovigilance and on publications by legal experts.
Special Strength Exercises to Prevent Tendinitis in Vocational Technical Education
Authors: Serrano Sánchez. P. H Edilberto
Published: June 2024

The innumerable benefits of physical exercises for the improvement of the quality of life of the human being are unquestionable, so the scientific community is constantly committed to the search for the best alternatives so that the well-being and health of humanity are effectively enhanced.
A Survey of Monkey Pox Disease in Humans
Authors: Priyanka Nallabothula
Published: June 2024

Human monkey pox is a zoonotic Orthopoxvirus with a presentation similar to smallpox. Clinical differentiation of the disease from smallpox and varicella is difficult. Laboratory diagnostics are principal components to identification and surveillance of disease and new tests are needed for a more precise and rapid diagnosis. The majority of human infections occur in Central Africa, where surveillance in rural areas with poor infrastructure is difficult but can be accomplished with evidence-guided tools and educational materials to inform public health workers of important principles. Contemporary epidemiological studies are needed now that populations do not receive routine smallpox vaccination. New therapeutics and vaccines offer hope for the treatment and prevention of monkey pox; however, more research must be done before they are ready to be deployed in an endemic setting. There is a need for more research in the epidemiology, ecology, and biology of the virus in endemic areas to better understand and prevent human infections.
Sea Sail Venom: a Blessing in Disguise
Authors: Biswas Rajib
Published: June 2024

This opinion article reports a pioneering effort in its field, indicating the potential of conotoxins as pharmacological agents for anti-adhesion adjunct therapy in the context of malaria. In a similar vein, the potential application of conotoxins as inhibitors of protein-protein interactions holds promise for the mitigation of emerging diseases such as AIDS and COVID- 19.
Impact of Age on HbA1c Level of Diabetic Patients Attending Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Oladayo Mustafa Ibrahim
Published: June 2024

The present study looked into the possibility of impact of age on HbA1c level of diabetic patients attending Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) Zaria, Nigeria, as there have been reports of correlation between age and HbA1c in some other parts of the world. Three hundred and fifty (350) diabetic patients were initially recruited over a period of 10 months, from March 2018 to December 2018. Subjects consisted of 200 female and 150 male diabetic patients. After 10-12 hours fast, 5mL of blood was drawn from volunteer patients. About 3mL was centrifuged in order to separate the serum after which the serum was then analysed for glucose. Two hundred and fifteen (215) subjects, comprising of 110 female and 105 male diabetic patients, with ages between 46 years and 84 years (mean age = 65±19 years) and mean blood glucose of 200±20 mg/dL were then selected for the study. The remaining 2mL whole blood was analysed immediately for HbA1c. Information about patient’s age was obtained via a well-designed questionnaire and matched with hospital record. There was no significant difference in the mean HbA1c levels of male and female participants. For the given blood glucose range, the HbA1c level increased by 0.2%, proportionally, with every decade (10 years) increase in age. It was concluded that HbA1c increases consistently – independent of blood glucose and gender – with increase in age of diabetic patients.
Identifying the Toxidrome of Ivermectin Toxicity
Authors: Stewart H. Dy Jon
Published: June 2024

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2019, Ivermectin has been proposed as an alternative for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 infection despite the lack of evidence and clinical trials recommending its use. In this study, we report the case of a 52-year old Filipino male with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus who developed a subacute history of fever, cough and generalized weakness, causing him to self-medicate with supratherapeutic doses of Ivermectin and thereafter subsequently developed decrease in sensorium, restlessness and complex visual hallucinations. Significant laboratory examinations showed hyperglycemia, mild hyponatremia, positive SARS-CoV2 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test and bilateral pneumonia on chest radiograph. He was subsequently started on antibiotics, high flow nasal cannula and given two doses of activated charcoal. During the first 24 hours of hospital admission, there was significant improvement in the patient’s sensorium with resolution of restlessness and visual hallucinations. During the rest of the hospitalization, his respiratory symptoms had improved and he was subsequently discharged. Clinical outcome in our patient after administration of activated charcoal and completion of antibiotics showed an overall improvement in symptoms and without any neurologic sequelae.
Gallstone Ileus; the Radiographic Findings in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Muhammad Baba Sule
Published: June 2024

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2019, Ivermectin has been proposed as an alternative for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 infection despite the lack of evidence and clinical trials recommending its use. In this study, we report the case of a 52-year old Filipino male with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus who developed a subacute history of fever, cough and generalized weakness, causing him to self-medicate with supratherapeutic doses of Ivermectin and thereafter subsequently developed decrease in sensorium, restlessness and complex visual hallucinations. Significant laboratory examinations showed hyperglycemia, mild hyponatremia, positive SARS-CoV2 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test and bilateral pneumonia on chest radiograph. He was subsequently started on antibiotics, high flow nasal cannula and given two doses of activated charcoal. During the first 24 hours of hospital admission, there was significant improvement in the patient’s sensorium with resolution of restlessness and visual hallucinations. During the rest of the hospitalization, his respiratory symptoms had improved and he was subsequently discharged. Clinical outcome in our patient after administration of activated charcoal and completion of antibiotics showed an overall improvement in symptoms and without any neurologic sequelae.
Safevi Dönemi Hükümdarlık Sembolü: Kızılbaş Tacı/Tac-ı Haydari
Authors: Subaşı Adıbelli Tuba , Yıldırım Mustafa
Published: June 2024

Maddi kültürün, siyasi ve ideolojik aktarımın simgesi olan başlıklar/taçlar, ait olduğu medeniyet hakkında birçok ip uçları sunmaktadır. İran kültür sahası içinde, sanatsal verimliliğin en yüksek olduğu on altıncı yüzyıl Safevi dönemi; kreatif tekstil içerikleri özellikle özgünlük taşıyan başlıkları aracılığıyla, çağın sosyo-kültürel, sosyo-ekonomik, dini ve ideolojik özelliklerini yansıtması açısından önemli bir değere sahiptir. Çalışmamıza konu olan başlıkları; maddi yapı düzeni içerisinde sağladığı bilgi aktarımı, renk, doku, motif ve süsleme öğeleri ile tespit etmekteyiz. Bu makale, Safevi döneminde, siyasi ve dini anlamlarının yanı sıra sanatsal bir argüman olarak karşılaştığımız Kızılbaş Taç’ının yeri ve işlevini konu edinmiştir. Şeyh Haydar’ın bulunduğu dönem açısından radikal olduğu düşünülen bir karar ile Kızılbaş tacını Safevi tarikatının sembolü haline getirmesi ve Safevi hükümetine olan itaatin alameti farikası olarak kullanılması sürecini, tarihi kaynaklar ve görsel argümanlar incelenerek araştırma amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmamız, giriş, Kızılbaş taç’ının gelişimi, Tac Haydarinin şekli ve yapısı, Safevi Dönemi Tac-ı Haydari’nin kullanımı ve değerlendirme bölümlerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmamızda, 16.yy Safevi başlıkları ikonografik ve üslupsal açıdan tanımlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Topkapı Sarayı Müze Kütüphanesi arşivi, İran’da yapılan alan araştırması esnasında elde edilen görsel veriler, dijital ve basılı kaynaklar temin edilerek değerlendirilme yapılmıştır. Değerlendirme sonucunda bu başlıkların, dini kimliğin ve siyasi gücün simgesi olduğu, Safevi tarikatının siyasallaşma sürecinde bir dönüm noktası ayrıca en yüksek sınıf şerefesi olarak algılandığı, Safevi devri minyatürlerinde Tebriz saray üslubunu yansıtan önemli argüman olduğu ve bir yüzyıl kadar tarzını değiştirmeden sürdürdüğünü daha sonraki dönemlerde belirgin değişikliklere uğradığı görülmüştür.
KIRIM TATAR TÜRKÇESİNİN CANKÖY RAYONU AĞIZLARI VE BU AĞIZLARDA GÖRÜLEN FONOLOJİK SÜREÇLER
Authors: Er Elvina
Published: June 2024

Ağızlar, bir lehçenin oluşum süreçlerini yansıtmaları ve akraba lehçelerle bağlarını göstermeleri açısından büyük önem taşımaktadırlar. Kırım Tatar Türkçesi, Türk dilinin Tarihî Kıpçak ve Oğuz lehçelerinin kesişerek karışmaları neticesinde şekillenen Türk lehçelerindendir. Kırım Yarımadası’nda Kıpçak ile Oğuz Türkçelerinin dil bilimsel biçimlerinin dağılım alanlarını açık bir şekilde KTT (Kırım Tatar Türkçesi)’nin ağızları yansıtır. Kırım’ın bozkır bölgesinde Kıpçak özellikli Kuzey ağzı, güneyde Karadeniz sahili boyunda Oğuz özellikli Güney ağzı ve bu iki bölge arasında Kıpçak-Oğuz özellikli Orta ağzı konuşulmuştur. Tarihî süreçte bu üç ana ağzın, yarımadada büyük coğrafi engeller bulunmadığı için birbiriyle açık iletişimde olmaları, göçler, sürgün ve ekonomik etkenler neticesinde birbirini etkilemesi kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Ancak XX. yüzyılda Kırım Tatar Türklerine uygulanan Rus asimilasyon ve iskân politikaları nedeniyle konuşur sayısı gün geçtikçe azalan KTT, ağızlarının özgün yapısını da kaybetmektedir. Bütün bu etkileşimler neticesinde Türkoloji alanındaki ağız araştırmalarında ilginç ve önemli sahalardan biri olan Kırım, bilim dünyasında hak ettiği ilgiden mahrum kalmıştır.
Bu çalışma, Türkoloji araştırmalarındaki bu boşluğu doldurmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma sahası olarak Kırım’ın kuzeydoğusunda yer alan Canköy rayonu seçilmiştir. Çalışmanın malzemesini 2001 yılının yazında Kırım’ın Canköy rayonundaki köylerden derlenen bant kayıtları oluşturmuştur. 15 köyde 46 kişi ile yapılan konuşmalar banda alınıp Uluslararası Fonetik Alfabe (IPA) sistemine uygun olarak yazıya geçirilmiştir. Konuşmalar, KTT’yi daha iyi bildikleri ve ağız özelliklerini korudukları için 50 yaş üzeri kişilerle yapılmıştır. Elde edilen derleme metinleri üzerinden bu ağızların bugünkü durumu tespit edilmiş ve fonolojik süreçlerin incelemesi yapılmıştır.
Derleme metinlerinin incelenmesi sonucunda Kuzey Kırım ağzı sınırları içerisinde yer alan araştırma bölgemizde, KTT’nin bütün ağızlarının konuşulduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kırım Tatar Türklerinin 1944 yılında vatanlarından topyekûn sürgün edilmesi, söz konusu durumun başlıca nedenidir. Yaklaşık 50 yıl sonra sürgünden Kırım’a dönen Kırım Tatar Türkleri, bölgeye dağınık yerleştikleri için KTT ağızlarının yerleri de köklü bir değişime uğramıştır.
Çalışmamızda Canköy ağızlarında görülen fonolojik süreçler karşılaştırmalı, tarihsel yöntemle incelenmiştir. Bu incelemenin sonucunda araştırma bölgemizde tespit edilen fonolojik süreçlerin, her üç ağızda da çeşitli seviyelerde kendini gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu durumun, söz konusu ağızların temsilcilerinin sürgünde ve sürgün sonrası süreçte bitişik yaşamaları ve birbirleriyle olan sıkı temasları neticesinde gerçekleştiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
ARAFTA KALANLAR: ŞEHİR Mİ KÖY MÜ İKİLEMİNDE ‘ADALI’ YER KİMLİĞİ VE AİDİYETİ
Authors: Derdiçok Nükte Sevim
Published: June 2024

İnsanın kimlik özelliklerinden biri olan ‘bir yerli olma’ durumu, demografik bir unsurdan ziyade kişinin aidiyet duygusunu ortaya çıkaran; bireyle ilgili psikolojik karakteristikleri ve kültürel üretimleri şekillendiren; bu üretimlerden faydalanarak bireyin hem iletişim hem de bir dışa vurum aracı olarak kullandığı kişisel deneyim anlatılarını oluşturan önemli etmenlerin başında gelmektedir. Kişi kendini ait ve oralı hissettiği bir yerle ilgili aidiyetini dışa vuran birtakım anlatmaları aktarmakta; bu aktarımlar sayesinde yer kimliği ve aidiyetini pekiştirirken aynı zamanda da söz konusu yerle ilgili imajlar oluşturmaktadır. Oluşturulan bu imajlar, kişilerin bir grup ve dolayısıyla da grup kimliği inşa etmelerine ve bunun neticesinde de aidiyet duygularının şekillenmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Herhangi bir konuyla ilgili olarak aktarılabilen kişisel deneyim anlatıları da bireyin sosyal hayatını oluşturan grup kimliğini kazanması ve bir gruba aidiyet hissi ile bağlanması aşamalarında önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada da dijital kültür ortamının çeşitli platformlarında kendisine yer bulan kişisel deneyim anlatılarından ‘adalı olmak’ ile ilgili olanları ele alınarak kişilerin tecrübeleri, yaşam deneyimleri ve kendilerini ait hissettikleri bir mekânla ilgili tutumları ve kültürel üretimleri incelenmiştir. Farklı dijital kültür ortamlarından tespit edilen kişisel deneyim anlatılarının içerdiği kültürel imajlar; olumlu, olumsuz ve tarafsız imajlar şeklinde tasnif edilerek ele alınmıştır. Tasnife dâhil edilen imajlar, kişisel deneyim anlatılarının anlatıcılarının kendi ifadelerinden oluşmaktadır. Böylece hem adada yaşayan hem de adaya uzaktan/dışarıdan bakan kişilerin adalı olma yer kimliği ve aidiyet duygusu ile ilgili olan tutum ve davranışları da tespit edilmiştir. Halk bilgisi ürünlerinin özelliklerinden biri olan kendimiz hakkında ve başkaları hakkında olma durumunu ortaya koyan bu tespitler, bireylerin yer kimliği ve aidiyet duygusu ile ilgili olarak kodladıkları imajları da sergilemektedir. İmajların ortaya koyduğu ikilemler de incelenerek bireylerin mekân çerçevesinde şekillenen kimlik özellikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu inceleme neticesinde adada yaşamak ve adalı olmak gibi ifadelerin kişiler için ne anlama geldiği, kimlik ve aidiyet kavramlarının hangi imajlar üzerine kurulduğu, adada olmanın/yaşamanın ne ifade ettiği ve adaların mekânsal özelliklerinin oluşturduğu çeşitli zıtlıkların yaşayanlar tarafından nasıl algılandığı gibi hususlar ortaya konmuştur.
Effect of antiviral therapy on the course of acute respiratory viral infections in children in contemporary conditions
Authors:   G.N. Gabrichevskiy Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ruzhentsova T.A. ,   Moscow Medical University "Reaviz", Moscow, Russian Federation, Garbuzov A.A. ,   G.N. Gabrichevskiy Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Meshkova N.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Popova R.V. ,   Mytishchi Regional Clinical Hospital, Mytishchi, Russian Federation, Slyusar O.I. ,   Moscow Medical University "Reaviz", Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

Aim: to assess the efficacy of antiviral therapy in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections in children in the context of contemporary clinical practice Patients and Methods: the study employed a pharmacoepidemiologic approach, utilizing a questionnaire survey of physicians to collect data on 6,116 children aged 3 to 7 years with mild to moderate acute respiratory infections. The study group included 5,144 (84%) children who received inosine pranobex. Comparison group 1 included 654 (11%) children who received other antivirals or immunomodulators. Comparison group 2 included 318 (5%) children who did not receive any etiological therapy. The clinical manifestations of acute respiratory viral infections, their duration, disease duration, complications, therapy, and the rationale for the choice of medications by the physician were analyzed. Results: disease duration in the study group (5.97±1.57 days) was significantly lower than in comparison group 1 (6.82±1.84 days, p<0.001) and comparison group 2 (6.79±1.88 days, p<0.001). Persistent complaints during convalescence were observed in 288 (5.6%) children in the study group, 154 (23.5%) children in comparison group 1, and 61 (19.2%) children in comparison group 2. Complications were reported in 164 (3.2%) children of the study group (n=169), 104 children (n=107, 15.9%; p<0.0001) in the comparison group 1, and 34 (n=34, 10.7%; p<0.0001) children of the comparison group 2. Conclusion: inosine pranobex has been demonstrated to reduce the rate of complications, prolonged cough, runny nose, and sore throat during convalescence, as well as overall disease duration, duration of the febrile period, and catarrhal phenomena in acute respiratory viral infections in children KEYWORDS: acute respiratory viral infections, COVID-19, herpesvirus infections, inosine pranobex, nasopharyngitis, acute tonsillitis, tonsillopharyngitis, real clinical practice, children. FOR CITATION: Ruzhentsova T.A., Garbuzov A.A., Meshkova N.A., Popova R.V., Slyusar O.I. Effect of antiviral therapy on the course of acute respiratory viral infections in children in contemporary conditions. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2024;7(2):163–170 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2024-7-2-12.
Perimenopausal disorders in women after COVID-19
Authors:   Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Maternal and Child Health, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Irgasheva S.U. , Nadirkhanova N.S. ,   Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Maternal and Child Health, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Azamkulova N.O. ,   Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Maternal and Child Health, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

Aim: to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of women with perimenopause after COVID-19 and to determine the possibilities of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the postcovid period. Patients and Methods: 96 female patients aged 45 to 54 years were examined. Group 1 consisted of 52 female patients who were being treated in a hospital for COVID-19 12–16 weeks before study. Group 2 (comparison group) consisted of 44 female patients without COVID-19. Further, HRT was performed in 21 female patients of group 1 without contraindications (subgroup 1A). HRT regimen: estradiol hemihydrate, 1.58 mg, transdermally sequestered and dydrogesterone, 10 mg, per os. In subgroup 1B, 31 female patients did not undergo HRT. All patients were examined, which included the following: survey, follow-up, hormone blood test and hemostasiogram. HRT efficacy was evaluated after 3 months. Results: group 1 had more significant neurovegetative, psychoemotional and metabolic disorders, as well as an increase in the frequency of menstrual disorders versus group 2. In group 1, 43/52 (82,7%) of the respondents experienced hot flashes, where 23/52 (44,2%) of female patients noted the first occurrence of hot flashes after suffering COVID-19. In group 2, 16/44 (36,3%) of patients were concerned about this symptom. In group 1, 42.3% (22/52) of patients reported menstrual disorders. In patients of subgroup 1A, the severity of neurovegetative, metabolic and psychoemotional disorders decreased after HRT versus those in subgroup 1B. Conclusion: in female patients who suffered moderate to severe COVID-19, perimenopausal disorders include more significant neurovegetative, psychoemotional and metabolic symptoms. Cyclic HRT using transdermal estrogens significantly improves the life quality of women, however, the unfavorable comorbid background observed may reduce the effect of hormone therapy KEYWORDS: perimenopause, menopausal syndrome, COVID-19, postcovid syndrome, modified Kuperman Index, hormone replacement therapy FOR CITATION: Irgasheva S.U., Nadirkhanova N.S., Azamkulova N.O. Perimenopausal disorders in women after COVID-19. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2024;7(2):110–115 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2024-7-2-4.
Vitamin D in combination with menopausal hormonal therapy in women
Authors:   LLC Center for Medicine and Diagnostics ", Muradova D.K. ,   My Doctor",   , Makhachkala, Russian Federation, Esedova A.E. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russian Federation, Mamedov F.S. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russian Federation, Magomedova T.S. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

Background: A multitude of population-based studies have investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in various ethnic and age groups, with a notable association observed between vitamin D deficiency and the duration of postmenopause and age. Menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT) is widely regarded as the gold standard for the treatment of menopausal disorders. The addition of vitamin D metabolites to complex therapy has been demonstrated to improve certain metabolic parameters and clinical outcomes in elderly and postmenopausal women. However, data on the interaction of vitamin D metabolites and different MHT options when administered together as part of complex therapy are scarce. Aim: to compare the severity of changes in vitamin D serum levels in women receiving MHT. Patients and Methods: the study included 60 women aged 45–55 years in surgical postmenopause (duration 1 to 5 years). Prior to the commencement of the study, all women were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency, defined as a serum level below 20 ng/mL. The women were then divided into two groups, each comprising 30 individuals. Group 1 was prescribed 17β-estradiol transdermal gel, while group 2 was prescribed a combined oral estrogen-progestagen MHT (1 mg 17β-estradiol + 5 mg dydrogesterone). In addition to MHT, all women received colecalciferol (vitamin D) 6,000-8,000 IU/day for 8 weeks. Results: women who received combined MHT exhibited a more pronounced increase in serum vitamin D levels than those who received monotherapy, despite receiving equal doses of drugs and presenting with similar baseline vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: it is recommended that all women undergo vitamin D deficiency screening prior to initiating MHT. In cases of low vitamin D levels, combined estrogen-progestagen MHT is the preferred option. KEYWORDS: menopause, menopausal hormone therapy, vitamin D, colecalciferol. FOR CITATION: Muradova D.K., Esedova A.E., Mamedov F.S., Magomedova T.S. Vitamin D in combination with menopausal hormonal therapy in women. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2024;7(2):123–126 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2024-7-2-6.
Laser Strengthening of Tools and Parts of Automobile Transport Repair Workshops Equipment in the Agricultural Sector
Authors:   Uman National University of Horticulture, Kovalchuk Yuriy , Lisoviy Ivan ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Kravchenko Vasyl ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Kovalchuk Andriy ,   Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National Air Force University
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this work is to study the effect of laser processing on the surface layers of alloys and to study their microstructure and features in order to improve their mechanical properties and increase the production resource of relevant tools and parts of equipment for repair shops of automobile transport in the agricultural sector. The effect of laser processing on the near-surface microstructure of alloys was studied. It is shown which steel will have the maximum hardness as a result of laser hardening among steels 40H13, 30H13 and 20H13. As a result of the change in the chemical composition, the levels of martensitic transformation points in the liquid state zones decrease, and a significant amount of residual austenite (40-60%), characterized by a dispersed structure, remains in them. This has a positive effect on the operational characteristics of irradiated products, especially when exposed to external shock loads. The optimal level of dissolution in R6M5, 9HS and HVG steels of initial carbides to obtain the maximum possible hardness during their laser processing was determined. The value of microhardness and heat resistance of bronze as a result of its laser hardening was investigated. Therefore, the influence of laser processing on the near-surface microstructure of alloys was investigated in order to improve their mechanical properties and increase the resource of production of appropriate tools and parts of automobile transport repair workshops equipment in the agricultural sector. It was determined that the maximum hardness is achieved in the case of hardening steel 40H13, since the carbon content in it is the highest compared to steels 30H13 and 20H13. Also, to obtain the maximum possible hardness during laser processing of R6M5 steel, it is enough to dissolve 30% of the original carbides and 60-70% for 9HS and HVG steels. Treatment of bronze by laser hardening made it possible to achieve values of microhardness up to 700 Hμ50, and heat resistance of the layer up to 350°С. The service life of products made of these laser-hardened alloys is increased by an average of 4-5 times compared to standard heat treatment.
Optimization of process performing an expert study of vehicles on the basis of monitoring the main indicators
Authors:   Cherkasy State Technological University, Tarandushka Liudmyla , Khaliavka Viktor ,   Cherkasy scientific and research expert forensic center of MIA of Ukraine, Kolomiiets Yaroslav ,   Cherkasy scientific and research expert forensic center of MIA of Ukraine
Published: June 2024

After the study of the expert points quality work regarding the comprehensive research of vehicles, the main group of parameters which reflect the organizational structure of expert institutions was identified and an algorithm for their monitoring was developed. The parameters of an expert institution are the provision of divisions with personnel ( ), necessary areas ( ), necessary documents ( ), equipment and supplies ( ), metrological equipment ( ), material and chemical resources ( ), completeness of the organization of structural divisions of the expert service ( ), constant self-assessment of the performed services for the expert examination of vehicles ( ) and adjustment of their performance, which reflects the parameter of the quality of the expert examination ( ). As a result of conducting an analysis of expert vehicle research service functioning according to the proposed algorithm, it becomes possible to identify the shortcomings of the organization of this type of enterprise, as a result of which improvements can be made to increase the efficiency of its functioning. Therefore, the result of the investigation is a system of parameters, the consistent evaluation of which in accordance with the developed algorithm for the implementation of control over expert research will make it possible to assess the effectiveness of the expert service functioning in general. It was found that this system of parameters meets the criteria of necessity and sufficiency for assessing the state of the enterprise from expert research. A set of universal indicators based on technical regulation was developed, which allow to assess the state of the expert institution through the conduct of expert studies. The proposed method of evaluating expert institutes provides an opportunity to improve the organizational and technological structure of this type of enterprises.
Standardization of elliptic curves: analysis and implementation in cryptographic protocols
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Ulichev Oleksandr , Zadorozhny Kostyantyn ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to consider the current state of elliptic cryptography, the prerequisites for its use, as well as the requirements of modern standards related to the use of elliptic cryptography The use of elliptic curves in cryptography is considered one of the most promising areas of development of modern security algorithms. This mathematical approach is based on the complexity of solving the discrete logarithm problem in a group of points of an elliptic curve over a finite field. The use of cryptography on elliptic curves allows you to ensure the security of data exchange using effective encryption algorithms and the creation of digital signatures (DI). This study examines elliptic curves for cryptographic purposes, and provides basic operations on the point group of elliptic curves. Special attention is paid to Elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) and Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) key exchange algorithms. The standards regulating the use of elliptic curves in cryptographic systems are also analyzed, and the advantages of this cryptographic paradigm compared to the main asymmetric algorithms are considered. Potential threats and vulnerabilities of cryptographic algorithms based on elliptic curves are investigated. Examples of popular standardized curves recommended by relevant organizations, such as NIST, used in real-world cryptographic applications are also provided. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is currently one of the foundations for the development of modern public-key cryptographic algorithms. ECC has gained recognition in cryptography for providing a high level of security with shorter key lengths (compared to other cryptographic approaches), high speed, resource savings, and versatility, giving it an advantage over other methods such as RSA and others. It provides a secure network connection, generates secret keys for TLS servers and their clients, and is also used to create digital signatures that guarantee the authenticity of transactions in cryptocurrency systems.
Forecasting the congestion of the streets of large cities, taking into account fluctuations in the density and speed of traffic flows
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Vojtov Viktor , Berezhna Natalija ,   State Biotechnological University, Sysenko Igor ,   State Biotechnological University, Voitov Anton ,   State Biotechnological University, Kryvenko Leonid ,   State Biotechnological University, Kozenok Anna ,   State Biotechnological University
Published: June 2024

The work has developed a methodical approach for forecasting the congestion of the streets of large cities, taking into account the fluctuations in the density of traffic flows and the speed of movement of cars in the traffic flow, which are associated with "peak hours". The methodological approach, unlike the previously known ones, complements the well-known robustness criterion developed by the authors in previous publications, which allows to increase the accuracy of forecasting the occurrence of traffic jams. Time-varying functions of traffic flow density and vehicle speed in the traffic flow are proposed. In addition to real time, functions contain variable parameters in the form of amplitude of oscillations and period of oscillations. This makes it possible to adapt the forecasting model to the real road network, taking into account the period of network congestion and road infrastructure. The dependences of the change in the range of robustness of the traffic flow when the density and speed of movement of vehicles in the flow change. It has been proven that in the presence of fluctuations of the listed parameters, the appearance of traffic jams occurs at average values of density and speed. A significant influence of the amplitude of fluctuations in the density and speed of movement of vehicles in the stream on the appearance of traffic jams has been proven. It is shown that the magnitude of the amplitude of oscillations during "peak times" significantly reduces the stability range of the traffic flow. The influence of the "peak hour" period on the loss of stability of the traffic flow is given. It has been proven that the period of oscillations is an insignificant factor in forecasting traffic jams. However, accounting for such a factor will allow to adapt the mathematical model to the real conditions of traffic flow behavior and thereby increase the accuracy of forecasting. It is shown that accounting for the fluctuating component of the traffic flow expands the possibilities of applying the robustness criterion presented by the authors in previous publications and makes it possible to provide a more accurate forecast for various sections of the road network of large cities.
Implementation of Intercept Parking Concept in Urban Environment
Authors:   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Nykonchuk Viktoriia , Khitrov Ihor ,   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Pachkevych Svetlana ,   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering
Published: June 2024

The implementation of intercept parking concepts in urban environments is crucial for improving transportation infrastructure and enhancing residents' quality of life. The city of Rivne, while compact, faces challenges of traffic congestion and air pollution due to its limited area and high population density. One of the key measures to address these issues is the implementation of parking systems, specifically intercept parking. Intercept parking involves creating parking zones outside the city center to reduce the flow of cars in central areas. This can significantly reduce traffic congestion and promote the use of public transportation, thereby improving the city's transportation system. For example, research has shown that effectively utilizing intercept parking can reduce the number of cars entering the city center and encourage the use of public transport. However, successful implementation of intercept parking requires a comprehensive approach and consideration of various aspects, including the needs of the local population, characteristics of the transportation infrastructure, and potential implications for city development and road safety. The article presents research and data collection on the capacity of inbound car flows in various parts of the intercept parking network aimed at evaluating the load on the road network of the city of Rivne during peak periods, taking into account the city's level of motorization. The study analyzed inbound traffic flows at six key points on the main arterial streets of the city. The research results identified a significant load on Rivne's road network from inbound traffic flows, negatively impacting the city's mobility. The only viable solution to this problem is the implementation of an automated intercept parking network both in the suburbs and in the central part of the city. Intercept parking represents a crucial step towards optimizing urban space and improving residents' quality of life by reducing traffic congestion in cities and fostering the development of sustainable urban environments. Implementing intercept parking concepts proves to be a significant step in urban space improvement and enhancing residents' quality of life. The practical application of this concept can contribute to further development and optimization of urban agglomerations, as it promotes efficient use of parking spaces and the development of safe and balanced urban environments.
Fuzzy control system for the electrical complex of street lighting in settlements
Authors:   Kryvyi Rih National University, Sinchuk Oleh , Mykhailenko Oleksii ,   Kryvyi Rih National University, Horshkov Viktor ,   Mining and Electromechanical College of Kryvyi Rih National University
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the issue of improving the energy efficiency of electrical systems that provide comfortable living conditions for the population of cities and towns, namely street lighting. A fuzzy control system for a group of LED luminaires of a road section is created that regulates the power of the lighting devices and, accordingly, their brightness and controls the connection to a power source (either to the grid or to a battery) depending on the level of illumination, traffic intensity and electricity tariff. It was found that a controlled system with combined power supply is more efficient. It reduces electricity consumption on a typical summer night by 75.31% and 74.93%, and on a winter night by 80.4% and 77.68% compared to the traditional street lighting option, when the lighting network is either completely shut down at night or operates at only 50% of capacity, respectively. It can be stated that the fuzzy control system for the electrical complex of street lighting is energy efficient. It is also recommended that specialized enterprises in settlements responsible for the lighting network pay more attention not only to replacing light sources with new, more energy-efficient ones, but also to introducing alternative power sources for lighting installations that allow charging batteries during daylight hours, such as solar panels. This, along with the use of the fuzzy control system under consideration, will make it possible to save even more on electricity costs, which is very important in today's environment.
Determination of the safety margin of parts with non-standard stress changes
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Nevdakha Yurii , Pukalov Viktor ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Pirogov Volodymyr ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Nevdakha Natalia ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Vasylkovskyi Mykhailo ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: June 2024

In modern mechanical engineering, the search for machines, mechanisms, machine tools and other equipment that works under variable loads is widely conducted. During work from the actions of variable loads in machine parts according to the result and changes in stress. Incorrectly defined margin of safety of parts with non-standard changes will lead to breakdowns and destruction, as well as machine accidents. Thus, a more precisely defined safety margin is required in parts in which the maximum stress cycles vary according to a step law. The purpose of the article is to study the processes of a non-standard mode of voltage change, which change according to a step law and receive the number of cycles after which the destruction of the part occurs. The task takes place in the investigated values of the equivalent stress, according to the parameters of which the coefficient of production of the safety margin under the action of non-standard stresses. When performing the calculations of the parts, ultimately, the margin of safety during simultaneous action is changed to the value of normal and tangential stresses, which have different characteristics of stress cycles. These calculations are valid in the case when the amplitude changes do not vary over time, that is, for the established or stationary mode. However, in a number of reports, one can encounter such a situation when changes in the amplitude of stress cycles over time do not remain constant, that is, the so-called non-stationary regimes. Therefore, in a more detailed study, there is a margin of safety for non-standard stress changes. As a result of theoretical studies, the number of cycles after which parts are destroyed under the action of a load, characteristic of non-stationary modes of operation, is calculated and the coefficients of the safety margin of durability are determined.
Impact of increasing regulatory requirements on the level of thermal reliability and heat loss through walls and roofs of residential and public buildings
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Pashynskyi Victor , Nastoyaschiy Vladyslav ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Pashynskyi Mykola ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Bohatyrov Dmytro ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: June 2024

New edition of the State Building Regulations of Ukraine DBN V.2.6-31:2021 "Thermal insulation and energy efficiency of buildings" significantly increases the requirements for heat transfer resistance of walls and coatings of civil buildings. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the impact of the increased requirements of DBN V.2.6-31:2021 on the energy efficiency and comfort of buildings by comparing the thermal reliability characteristics of walls and roofs of civil buildings in different regions of Ukraine. The walls and combined roofs of residential and non-residential public buildings were analysed, the requirements for which in DBN B.2.6-31:2016 and DBN B.2.6-31:2021 differ in the minimum permissible value of heat transfer resistance, but coincide in other indicators. Climate conditions for the operation of buildings are reflected by data on atmospheric air temperature at 57 weather stations of Ukraine, which are given in DSTU-N B V.1.1–27:2010. The comparison of the same type of enclosing structures is made according to the criteria of reducing annual heat losses due to the enclosing and the probable duration of thermal failures. Annual heat losses in the set of each of the 57 weather stations are calculated according to the known dependencies of thermal physics. The durations of thermal failures of enclosures according to the comfort criterion are determined by the probabilistic method previously developed by the authors, which takes into account random fluctuations in the temperature of the external atmospheric and internal air in the room, as well as the random character of the heat transfer resistance of the enclosures. The probable duration of thermal failures of enclosing structures according to the comfort criterion, depending on the permissible temperature difference of the internal air and the inner surface of the enclosing structure, established in DBN B.2.6-31, can differ by two orders of magnitude. This indicator should be used only to compare the level of thermal reliability of enclosures with the same values of the permissible temperature difference. The increase in the heat transfer resistance of walls and roofs of residential and public buildings implemented in DBN V.2.6-31:2021 led to a decrease in heat loss by an average of 17%, a decrease in the probable duration of thermal failure of walls according to the comfort criterion by 17%, and combined roofs by 54 %.