bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combination of Astragaloside II and Notoginsenoside Fc Ameliorated Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Diabetes with Acute Kidney Injury via activating PDGFB and inhibiting SHP-1/VEGFA pathway
Authors: Shen Yilan , Ye Dan , Lin Kanghong , Guo Xieyi , Wang Niansong , Xin Wenfeng , Xu Youhua , Gui Dingkun
Published: January 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality and ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the main cause of AKI. It has been reported that hyperglycemia was a crucial risk factor for renal IRI in diabetes patients with renal IR-induced AKI. Whereas there is no effective treatment. Here, we explored the nephroprotective effects of combination of Astragaloside II and Notoginsenoside Fc on diabetes with IR-induced AKI and its potential mechanisms. We established hyperglycemia with renal hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) injury model in vivo and in vitro. We first found that combination of Astragaloside II and Notoginsenoside Fc could improve biochemical indexes and renal histologic injury in model mice. We provided relevant evidence that combination of Astragaloside II and Notoginsenoside Fc significantly reduced apoptosis level. In addition, our data suggested that combination of Astragaloside II and Notoginsenoside Fc could have inhibited effects on oxidative stress and NLRP3 activation, further suppressing inflammatory cell aggregation and inflammatory factor secretion. Further studies found that the combination of Astragaloside II and Notoginsenoside Fc could prevent SHP-1-induced VEGF inhibition and activate PDGFB to ameliorate renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) function. In conclusion, our study indicated that combined treatment of Astragaloside II and Notoginsenoside Fc exerted beneficial protective effects on renal tubular injury and mitochondrial oxidative stress in diabetes with ischemia-reperfusion induced AKI via activating PDGFB and inhibiting SHP-1/VEGFA signaling pathway. Therefore, combination of Astragaloside II and Notoginsenoside Fc may be a potential therapeutic strategy to treat diabetes with IR-induced AKI.
Scientific creativity and innovation ability and its determinants among medical postgraduate students in Fujian province of China, a cross sectional study.
Authors: Liu Fengqiong , Qu Shuming , Fan Yi , Chen Fa , Hu Zhijian , He Baochang
Published: January 2023

Background: Graduate education is a main approach to train high level innovative elites. With the expansion of the scale of graduate education in China, it has gradually emerged that the lack of innovation ability of graduate students is recognized as the primary problem in graduate education. How to comprehensively improve the quality of postgraduate teaching has become the core task of educational reform and development. However, data about the current cultivation and development of innovative ability of graduate students in China is limited.
Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical postgraduate students. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis methods were used to analyze the data to describe the current innovation ability in advanced medical education and potential influence factors.
Results: A total of 1241 medical students were surveyed, according to the results of questionnaire data analysis. The proportion of subjects who participated in the College Student’s Entrepreneurship and Innovation program or any other scientific research programs are fairly high which are 46.82% and 29.20% respectively. Most of participant are observed with high levels of self motivation and active learning, and have good performance in creative thinking. However, only a small number of participants (16.6%) reported academic achievements such as publications. Most of the students are satisfied with the current scientific research environment and think that the current postgradute training system is qualified for cultivation of innovation ability, and expects the inclusion of course specialized in systemic medicine and medical informatics in the curricula. Multiple logistic regression results showed that among the factors studied, gender, medical specialties, types of master degree are associated with cognition & skills, academic performance and creativity.
Conclusions: It will be important to incorporate more techniques of creating and improving creativity in the curricula of the current postgraduate education, especially for course such as systemic medicine and informatics. Guidance in the earlier school life can stimulate creativity and an early introduction into scientific research work will facilitate innovative thinking and behavior. Scientific research programs such as the National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training for University of PRC have been widely implemented in the undergraduate education system throughout the country. However, training effectiveness of the current scientific research programs is worth improving.
Mechanisms of ferroptosis with immune infiltration and inflammatory response in rotator cuff injury
Authors: Tong Zhicheng , Li Huimin , Jin Yanglei , Sheng Lingchao , Ying Mingshuai , Liu Qixue , Wang Chenhuan , Teng Chong
Published: January 2023

Background
Rotator cuff (RC) tears are one of the most common shoulder disorders. The causes of RC tears include acute trauma and chronic impact injury. The clinical outcome of RC tears is not satisfactory because the pathogenesis of RC tears is not well understood. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms involved in RC tears need to be elucidated in order to develop clinical innovative therapies.
Methods
The mechanism of ferroptosis and inflammation involved in the development of RC tears was investigated and confirmed using a combination of bioinformatics methodology and in vivo experimental approaches.
Results
The Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to obtain the microarray data relevant to the RC tears for further investigation. In addition to carrying out function enrichment analysis, protein-protein correlation analysis, building the correlation regulatory network, and examining potential associations between ferroptosis and immune abnormalities and inflammatory responses in RC tears, a number of bioinformatic techniques were used to identify the ferroptosis-related genes. Last but not least, we created an RC tears rat model for in vivo experimental validation. This model was primarily based on histological analysis and the qPCR approach to assess the major correlation pairs in regulating ferroptosis and the inflammatory response in RC tears. For the additional function enrichment analysis, 10 hub ferroptosis-related genes were chosen to construct the correlation regulation network. In RC tears, it was discovered that genes related to hub ferroptosis and hub inflammatory response were strongly correlated. The outcomes of in vivo tests showed that RC tears were related to Cd68-Cxcl13, Acsl4-Sat1, Acsl3-Eno3, Acsl3-Ccr7, and Ccr7-Eno3 pairings in regulating ferroptosis and inflammatory response.
Conclusion
The pairs Cd68-Cxcl13, Acsl4-Sat1, Acsl3-Eno3, Acsl3-Ccr7, and Ccr7-Eno3 were found to be connected to RC tears in regulating ferroptosis and the inflammatory response. Our results show an association between ferroptosis and inflammation, providing a new avenue to explore the clinical treatment of RC tears.
Characterization and identification of filamentous bacterium XJ-16 and analysis of its bioactive components
Authors: Jiang Ke , Bai Ruoxuan , Luo Xianglian , Gao Ting , Xu Fangxu , Zhao Hongxin , Zhang Dianpeng
Published: January 2023

Actinomycetes, which can produce a variety of bioactive compounds in the metabolic process, is one of the important sources of novel drugs, enzymes, anti-tumor drugs and enzyme inhibitors. It has been the focus of researchers to find and develop Actinomycetes with special characters. Strain XJ-16 is a blue alkali-resistant filamentous bacterium with high antimicrobial activity isolated from saline-alkali land of Xinjiang. Based on the classification, the enzyme production, metabolite antibacterial activity, and antibacterial substance isolation of XJ-16 were explored. which showed that XJ-16 belongs to the blue group of Streptomyces sp, and it can secrete cellulase, lipase, urease, protease, catalase and oxidase during metabolism. In addition, the bacteriostatic substance secreted by the strain XJ-16 showed inhibitory effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as the yeast Candida albicans. Then it was found that the bacteriostasis produced by XJ-16 has strong tolerance to acid, weak tolerance to alkali, and easy to be inactivated. After tested by HPLC, the retention time of antimicrobial substance was 13.261 min. This study provides a theoretical basis for the search for new antibacterial compounds and the further development of blue alkaline Actinomycetes XJ-16.
Adsorption of Cd (II) by a novel living and non-living Cupriavidus necator GX_5: optimization, equilibrium and kinetic Studies
Authors: Li Xingjie , Xiao Qiusheng , Shao Qin , Li Xiaopeng , Kong Jiejie , Liu Liyan , Zhao Zhigang , Li Rungen
Published: January 2023

Biosorbents have been extensively studied for heavy metal adsorption due to their advantages of low cost and high efficiency. In the study, the living and non-living biomass of Cupriavidus necator GX_5 previously isolated were evaluated for their adsorption capacity and/or removal efficiency for Cd (II) through batch experiments, SEM and FT-IR investigations. The maximum removal efficiency rates for the live and dead biomass were 60.51% and 78.53%, respectively, at an optimum pH of 6, a dosage of 1 g/L and an initial Cd (II) concentration of 5 mg/L. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was more suitable for fitting the experimental data, indicating that the rate-limiting step might be chemisorption. The Freundlich isotherm model fit better than the Langmuir isotherm model, implying that the adsorption process of both biosorbents was heterogeneous. FT-IR observation reflected that various functional groups were involved in Cd (II) adsorption: -OH, -NH, C=O, C-O and C-C groups for the living biomass and -OH, -NH, C-H, C=O, C-N and N-H groups for the dead biomass. Our results imply that non-living biosorbents have a higher capacity and stronger strength for absorbing Cd (II) than living biomass. Therefore, we suggest that dead GX_5 is a promising adsorbent and can be used in Cd (II)-contaminated environments.
Speed and quality of interbody fusion in porous bioceramic Al 2 O 3 and polyetheretherketone cages for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a comparative study
Authors: Kostysyn Roman , Ryska Pavel , Jandura Jiri , Selke-Krulichova Iva , Poczos Pavel , Hosszu Tomas , Cesak Tomas
Published: January 2023

Background The objective of this prospective randomized monocentric study is to compare the speed and quality of interbody fusion of implanted porous Al2O3 (aluminium oxide) cages with PEEK (polyetheretherketone) cages in ACDF (anterior cervical discectomy and fusion).
Materials and methods A total of 111 patients were enrolled in the study, which was carried out between 2015 and 2021. The 18-month follow-up (FU) was completed in 68 patients with an Al2O3 cage and 35 patients with a PEEK cage in one-level ACDF. Initially, the first evidence (initialization) of fusion was evaluated on computed tomography (CT). Subsequently, interbody fusion was evaluated according to the fusion quality scale, fusion rate and incidence of subsidence.
Results Signs of incipient fusion at 3 months were detected in 22% of cases with the Al2O3 cage and 37.1% with the PEEK cage. At 12-month FU, the fusion rate was 88.2% for Al2O3 and 97.1% for PEEK cages, and at the final FU at 18 months, 92.6% and 100%, respectively. The incidence of subsidence was observed to be 11.8% and 22.9% of cases with Al2O3 and PEEK cages, respectively.
Conclusions Porous Al2O3 cages demonstrated a lower speed and quality of fusion in comparison with PEEK cages. However, the fusion rate of Al2O3 cages was within the range of published results for various cages. The incidence of subsidence of Al2O3 cages was lower compared to published results. We consider the porous Al2O3 cage as safe for a stand-alone disc replacement in ACDF.
Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the Cryptochrome/Photolyase Family in brown algae Saccharina japonica
Authors: Wu Yukun , Zhang Pengyan , Liang Zhourui , Yuan Yanmin , Liu Yi , Zhang Di , Liu Fuli
Published: January 2023

Cryptochrome/Photolyase Family (CPF) is a widely distributed and highly conserved gene family. The CPF includes photolyases that repair UV-induced DNA damage and blue-light receptors cryptochromes that are known for their photoreceptive functions in terrestrial plants. This study mainly emphasized the CPF members of the economically important brown alga Saccharina japonica, and traces the evolutionary relationship and distribution of this family in algae. Eight new CPF members were identified from the genomes of S. japonica and Undaria pinnatifida, and sixty CPF members from other different species were collected simultaneously for the phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic and transcriptional analyses provide evidence for the evolution and function of CPF genes in brown algae. According to the phylogenetic tree, the CPF family was divided into five branches. Photolyase homology domain (PHR) and a non-covalently bound flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) molecule are present in the CPF members of two brown algae S. japonica and U. pinnatifida. But they lack the typical C-terminal extension (CCT) characteristic of plant-like cryptochromes. The brown algae Ectocarpus siliculosus and U. pinnatifida have both animal-like CPF and plant-like CPF while only plant CPF members were identified in S. japonica. The results of RNA-seq and qPCR indicated that Sj Cryptochrome-DASH1 (CRY-DASH1) and Sj cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) genes may not only play a role in light response but also play an important role in the gametophyte development of S. japonica. Protein interaction network of Sj CPF members showed that there are circadian clock protein Timeless homologous genes in S. japonica, which are located in the core position of the protein interaction network. This implied that Sj CPF members may transmit information by interacting with downstream Timeless genes. These results provide information for subsequent research on functional and regulatory pathways of CPFs in algae species.
SAFE AI models to measure the impact of ESG factors on credit ratings
Authors: Agosto Arianna , Cerchiello Paola , Giudici Paolo
Published: January 2023

Artificial Intelligence methods, based on machine learning from data, are rapidly changing financial services, and credit lending in particular, complementing bank lending with platform lending.While financial technologies improve user experience, and possibly lower costs, they may increase risks and, in particular, the model risks that derive from inaccurate credit rating assessments.In this paper we will show how to reduce model risks, using a S.A.F.E. statistical learning model, that is: taking environmental, social and governance factors into account, to improve Sustainability, building a model for which ESG factors do predict credit ratings, to improve their Accuracy, dealing with data inconsistencies, to improve Fairness; merging ESG scores into one mixture, to improve Explainability.
Evaluation of plasma CD36 and glutathione as potential biomarkers for intracranial aneurysm.
Authors: Wang Hanbin , Wang Luxuan , Liu Yunmei , Men Weidong , Hao Wanjiao , Fang Chuan , Li Chunhui , Zhang Lijian
Published: January 2023

The underlying mechanisms of intracranial aneurysm (IA) formation and rupture are still unclear. Evidence has proved that it might be closely related to inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Our objective was to identify novel inflammatory and oxidative stress related biomarkers to assist IA management. In this study, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure the expression levels of CD36 and glutathione (GSH) in the plasma of 30 IA patients and 30 healthy controls. Then, correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and logistic regression analysis were applied to investigate CD36 and GSH as potential biomarker for IA. The expression level of plasma CD36 in the IA patients was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.0001), and the level of plasma GSH in the IA patients was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.0001). The plasma level of CD36 and GSH did not show significant correlation with age, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Hunter-Hess score, aneurysm size, aneurysm height, aneurysm neck, and aspect ratio. ROC analysis showed that CD36 and GSH had high sensitivity (90.0%, 96.6%) and specificity (96.6%, 86.6%) for IA diagnosis. And the combined sensitivity and specificity achieved 100% and 100%, respectively. The AUC of logistic regression model based on CD36 and GSH was 0.505. Our results suggested that CD36 and GSH might participate in the process of IA formation and rupture but did not affect its morphology. Moreover, the combination plasma CD36 and GSH could serve as potential biomarker for IA rupture.
A survey of surgically resected pituitary incidentalomas and a comparison of the clinical features and surgical outcomes of non-functioning pituitary adenomas discovered incidentally versus symptomatically
Authors: Guerreiro Vanessa , Mendonça Fernando , Freitas Paula , pereira Josué , Bernanrdes Irene , Pinheiro Jorge , Guimarães Tiago , Carvalho Davide
Published: January 2023

Background
Clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas(CNFPAs) constitute one of the most common tumors in the sellar region and are often discovered only when associated with compressive symptoms. With the frequent use of brain imaging, there has been an increase in the prevalence of incidentally discovered CNFPAs.
Aim
We aim to determine the prevalence of incidental diagnosis with CNPAs observed over a decade and compare the analytical, clinical and treatment differences between those who were diagnosed either incidentally or symptomatically. We also intend to evaluate the pathology differences between both groups.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed patients aged ≥ 18years with an apparent CNFPA.defined as a pituitary lesion compatible with pituitary adenoma which is not associated with the clinical or biochemical evidence of a hormone-secreting tumor. Inclusion criteria included normal prolactin level for lesions < 9mm or a prolactin level < 100ng/mL for lesions ≥ 10mm in maximal tumor diameter.
Results
We included 119patients [53.8% males; mean age:56.8 years(SD = 16.7)]. Diagnosis was incidental in 47.1% of patients and many patients had unappreciated signs and symptoms of pituitary disease. In the symptomatic and incidental groups,66.7% and41.1% of patients had hypopituitarism, respectively(p = 0.005). Only20.4% of patients incidentally diagnosed had microadenoma(p = 0.060). Hypopituitarism was present in18.8% of those patients with microadenomas. Most tumors were macroadenomas(87.4%). Half of those patients diagnosed incidentally were submitted to surgery, compared to75.8% of those who were diagnosed symptomatically(p = 0.004).
Conclusions
CNFPAs are commonly diagnosed incidentally, with many manifesting symptoms on examination. Accordingly, if there was a greater level of knowledge and more suspicion about these pathologies, it might be possible to discover them earlier.
P-15 promotes chondrocyte proliferation in osteoarthritis by regulating SFPQ to target the Akt-RUNX2 axis
Authors: Li Yuanli , Nie Junlan , Deng Changgong , Li Hong
Published: January 2023

Background
The disruption of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation is a critical event during the process of joint injury in osteoarthritis (OA). P-15 peptides could bind to integrin receptors on various precursor cells, promote cell adhesion, release growth factors, and promote the differentiation of osteoblast precursor cells. However, the role it plays in OA, particularly in chondrocyte proliferation, is not fully understood.
Methods
The activity of SFPQ and RUNX2 in the bone tissue of patients with osteoarthritis was analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) inducer was performed to establish an in vitro model of OA. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 assay. The expressions of COL2a1, ACAN, COMP, SOX9, and BMP2 related to cartilage differentiation were detected using qRT-PCR. In addition, the expression levels of SFPQ, AKT, p-AKT, and RUNX2 were detected using Western blotting.
Results
The results showed that the expression of SFPQ was significantly decreased and the expression of RUNX2 was significantly increased in osteoarthritis cartilage tissue. P-15 peptide reversed IL-1β-induced cell proliferation obstruction and alleviated chondrocyte damage. Furthermore, P-15 polypeptide increased the expression levels of cartilage differentiation genes COL2a1, ACAN, and BMP2, while decreasing the expression of COMP and SOX9 in an inverse dose-dependent manner. Then specific interfering RNA proved that P-15 maintains chondrocyte stability and is associated with the SFPQ gene. Finally, we confirmed that P-15 inhibited the Akt-SUNX2 pathway, which is regulated in the expression of SFPQ.
Conclusions
P-15 can mitigate chondrocyte damage and osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting cell death and modulating SFPQ-Akt-SUNX2 pathway, offering an opportunity to develop new strategies for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Associations of whole blood zinc levels with coronary artery calcification and future cardiovascular events in CKD patients
Authors: Zhang Danfeng , Zhu Yuyu , Li Huan , Wang Yunfei , Niu Zheng , Zhou Wenli , Wang Deguang
Published: January 2023

This study was conducted to compare the differences of the whole blood zinc concentration in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) as compared to healthy controls, and to explore the correlations of the whole blood zinc level with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and cardiovascular event (CVE) in CKD patients. 170 CKD patients and 62 healthy controls were recruited . The whole blood zinc concentration were determined in using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) method. The degrees of CAC were evaluated by Agatston score based on computed tomography (CT). Regular follow-up visits were performed to record the incidence of CVE, and risk factors were analyzed by COX proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier survival curve. There were statistically significant lower zinc in CKD patients than in healthy population. The prevalence of CAC was 58.82% in CKD patients. Our study found that dialysis duration, iPTH, ALP, 25(OH)D3, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), total cholesterol and Hs-CRP were positively correlated with CAC, while albumin, Hb and zinc were negatively correlated with CAC. A COX proportional hazard model demonstrated that moderate to severe CAC, NLR, phosphate, 25(OH)D3, iPTH and HLDL were associated with an increased risk for CVE, while zinc, Hb and albumin was inversely associated with a reduced risk for CVEs. Kaplan-Meier curve showed that low zinc (zinc <86.62μmol/L) patients and moderate to severe CAC patients had lower survival respectively. Our study found the lower levels of zinc and higher prevalence of CAC in CKD patients, the low zinc is involved in the high incidence rate of moderate to severe CAC and CVE in CKD patients.
Overexpression of PTEN gene increases Ins2 gene mRNA expression, not Ins1 gene mRNA expression, in insulinoma cell line Rin-5F
Authors: Kiba Takayoshi
Published: January 2023

One functional neuroendocrine tumor that causes hypoglycemia due to insufficiently high insulin production is an insulinoma. In rats, two genes coding for insulin, insulin 1 (Ins1) and insulin 2 (Ins2) are found on chromosome 1. Ins1 was produced from an Ins2 transcript, and it was inserted into the genome via an RNA-mediated duplication-transposition event, according to some structural feature analyses. In this study, the author has looked at how overexpression of the PTEN gene in the insulinoma cell line Rin-5F affects the expression of the insulin genes, Ins 1 and Ins 2. In the insulinoma cell line, overexpression of the PTEN gene boosts Ins2 gene mRNA expression but not Ins1 gene mRNA expression. It has been reported that PTEN upregulates insulin signaling by increasing insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-2 mRNA levels. Also, PTEN has been reported to be secreted in exosomes and thereafter, into extracellular space. The present study has suggested that overexpression of PTEN might induce the increasing Ins 2 gene expression, one of the phosphorylated genes against the IRS-2 through the insulin/IGF-1 receptor. This can suggest further investigation and examination of the PTEN gene expression and insulinoma carcinogenesis.
Effect of propionyl group on birefringence and wavelength dispersion of propionylated cellulose acetate optical compensation films
Authors: Min Xiaoyu , Han Xueqing , Wu Tong , An Minfang , Li Liangbin
Published: January 2023

Propionylated cellulose acetate (PCA) with different propionyl substitution degrees (DSPr) was synthesized, and the corresponding optical films were prepared by solution casting. The birefringence and its wavelength dispersion of PCA films stretched at 10°C above and below the glass transition temperature (Tg) with different draw ratios (DR) were studied. The introduction of propionyl group at different substitution sites present different contribution to birefringence and its wavelength dispersion. The propionyl group at C-2 and C-3 sites have a larger positive orientation birefringence with stronger inverse wavelength dispersion, while that at the C-6 site shows a higher negative orientation birefringence with weaker normal wavelength dispersion compared with the acetyl group. Compared with CA film, the introduction of the propionyl group weakens the orientation birefringence of PCA film. With the increase of DSPr from 0.023 to 0.303, the occurrence of propionyl substitution only at the C-6 site turns to C-2, C-3 and C-6 sites and the wavelength dispersion of in-plane birefringence (Δnin) decreases. When DSPr is further increased to 0.537, the Δnin and out-of-plane birefringence (Δnth) of PCA films at different DR show a very weak wavelength dispersion with the relative horizontal curves. Current results indicate that when the substitution degree of the propionyl group and acetyl group is suitable, the wavelength dispersion of PCA film can be eliminated.
New evidence in the relationship between trade openness and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Théodore GNEDEKA Kodjo , WONYRA Kwami Ossadzifo
Published: January 2023

This paper re-examines the effect of trade openness on food security in Sub-Saharan African countries. Panel data covering 37 Sub-Saharan African countries over the period from 2004 to 2018 were mobilized. We employ a system GMM approach to account for unobserved heterogeneity, correlated individual effects and potential endogeneity of the explanatory variables was adopted. As food security is a multidimensional concept, we used four indicators to capture it. To improve the robustness of the empirical results, we also used globalisation as an alternative factor to trade openness. The empirical results show that trade openness significantly improves food security in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, in the presence of political instability, a deterioration of the food security situation is observed. The results reveal also that the quality of institutions, economic growth, remittances, human capital and the importance of the agricultural sector are also factors favouring the level of food security in sub-Saharan Africa. Any policy aimed at trade openness must take into account the quality of institutions in order to achieve the expected results.
JEL: C33; F14; Q18
Intelligent system for cognitive study on student's network based on computational analysis
Authors: Maan Harkeerat Singh , Kaur Mandeep , Patil Rajkumar
Published: January 2023

The neurological, behavioral, and cognitive problems in teenage students are increasing day by day. It is very important to address these issues by gathering information from public opinion. The distribution of Public Opinion Information (POI) in student work is unsystematic, and it is difficult to extract the needed information intelligently. In this research, an intelligent extraction algorithm for analyzing public opinion data from student work is proposed. The algorithm is based on human-computer interaction, machine learning, and computational techniques. A fuzzy semantic autocorrelation mapping feature set of public opinion information is developed from the student work, along with a spatial structural model of data semantic distribution features. The statistical feature quantity of semantic similarity of the public opinion data is retrieved from the student work, and semantic ambiguity is decreased. Adaptive learning and machine understanding, along with human-computer interaction, are used to process the data. In the human-computer interaction machine understanding center, the processor adjusts the grid partition of public opinion information of the student work according to the differences in statistical features, constructs a feature decomposition model of student behavior, and performs context mapping. Finally, semantic analysis is carried out to analyze student behavior based on cognitive study. The simulation outcomes show that the proposed method is computationally inexpensive, has low time complexity, and has the ability to provide real-time monitoring of public opinion information on student behavior.
Application of Intelligent Models in Determining the Pore Pressure of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs
Authors: Kianoush Pooria , Mohammadi Ghodratollah , Hosseini Seyed Aliakbar , Khah Nasser Keshavarz Faraj , Afzal Peyman
Published: January 2023

In seismic methods, pore pressure is estimated by converting seismic velocity into pore pressure and calibrating it with pressure results during the well-testing program. This study has been carried out using post-stack seismic data and sonic and density log data of 6 wells in one of the fields in SW Iran. While an optimum number of attributes is selected, the General regression (GRNN) provides higher accuracy than Back Propagation (BPNN) at the initial prediction stages. Suitable attributes for estimating compressional velocity (Vp) and density from seismic data are extracted by the Emerge module of HRS.8 software. Acoustic impedance (AI) is the most applicable seismic attribute used as root and reverses AI for estimating P-wave and density. Using a set of attributes can train the system to estimate the property. The correlation coefficient of actual and predicted P-wave using an AI seismic attribute has been calculated as 0.74 and the multi-attribute technique as 0.79. Also, density and three attributes reach from 0.57 to 0.60, which shows a better relationship between seismic attributes and density. After determining optimum layers with the principal components analysis (PCA), formation pressure was modeled with the feed forward-backpropagation (FFBP-ANN) method. Correlation between 0.2 and 0.3 is suitable for generating a neural network layer, and values below 0.2 have a low correlation. Five information layers, including gamma, Vp, AI, density, and overburden pressure, have the most linear convergence with the initial pressure model and are used to modify the ANN model of effective pressure with Petrel 2016 software.
Application of Pressure-Volume (P-V) Fractal Models in Modeling Formation Pressure and Drilling Fluid Determination in an Oilfield of SW Iran
Authors: Kianoush Pooria , Mohammadi Ghodratollah , Hosseini Seyed Aliakbar , Khah Nasser Keshavarz Faraj , Afzal Peyman
Published: January 2023

Accurate knowledge of pore and fracture pressures is essential for drilling wells safely with the desired mud weight. By definition, overpressure occurs when the pore pressure is higher than the normal hydrostatic pressure and is associated with specific environmental conditions in a particular part of the earth. This study focuses on the formation pressure studies' domain for an oilfield in SW Iran. It generally consists of carbonate rocks with no shale interbeds except for the Kazhdumi Formation. This study is based on information from 23 wells and the interpretation of seismic data. The effective, pore, and fracture pressure models are determined from combined geostatistical models and compared with fractal models. The highest correlation between the final effective pressure cube and the velocity cube is related to the lower Fahliyan Formation with 86% and Ilam with 71%, which indicates the accuracy of the modeled data with the original data. Based on the final formation pressure cubes, the maximum pore pressure is 10,000 psi in the Gadvan Formation up to the upper Fahliyan Formation, and the maximum fracture pressure is 13,000 psi in the lower Fahliyan up to the Gotnia Formation. Based on the Logratio matrix obtained from the pressure-volume (P-V) fractal model, the maximum overall accuracy (OA) in the dominant limestone intervals is 0.74 at depths of 2000–3000 meters, which is related to the Asmari to Sarvak Formations. Furthermore, it indicates a high correlation of the pore pressure cube model obtained from the combination of sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS) and co-kriging models with acoustic impedance inversion (AI) for minimizing the time and cost of drilling in new wells of the studied field.
Sentiment Analysis Model of Imbalanced Comment Texts Based on BiLSTM
Authors: Wen Han , Zhao Junfang
Published: January 2023

This paper tries to improve the performance of imbalanced comment texts sentiment analysis by combining deep learning and class imbalanced learning methods. A sentiment analysis method for imbalanced comment texts based on BiLSTM framework is proposed. For the case of more negative samples than positive samples, when the degree of imbalance is low, the minority class samples are Adaptive Synthetic Sampling, and the CNN-BiLSTM model is proposed to realize sentiment classification by constructing Sigmoid. When the degree of imbalance is high, the samples of majority class are sampled multiple times until the original dataset is divided into multiple low imbalance datasets. Then, multiple groups of equalization Adaptive Synthetic Sampling is carried out for the samples of minority class, and BiLSTM model is learned for each group of training data respectively. Finally, Ensemble learning is adopted to obtain the final sentiment classification results. Experimental results show that this paper method is superior to the traditional imbalanced comment texts sentiment analysis method.
EEG topography preserving convolutional neural network approach to assess skill levels during laparoscopic surgical training
Authors: Manabe Takahiro , Rahul FNU , Fu Yaoyu , Intes Xavier , Schwaitzberg Steven D. , De Suvranu , Cavuoto Lora , Dutta Anirban
Published: January 2023

The study objective was classification of skill level based on the topographical features of the electroencephalogram(EEG) during the most complex Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery(FLS) task.
We developed a novel microstate-based Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) analysis with linear discriminant analysis(LDA) classification that was compared with topography-preserving convolutional neural network(CNN) based approach to distinguish experts versus novices based on EEG. Ten expert surgeons and thirteen novice medical residents were recruited at the University at Buffalo. After informed consent, the subjects performed three trials of laparoscopic suturing and knot tying with rest periods in-between. 32-channel EEG during task performance was used to analyze spatial patterns of brain activity in 8 expert surgeons (2 dropouts due to data quality) and 13 novice medical residents. Besides conventional CSP analysis, microstate analysis was applied for preprocessing before CSP analysis for improved classification using LDA with 10-fold cross-validation. Also, a topography-preserving 3D CNN model (ESNet) was applied that considered both spatial and temporal information for the classification. Here, 5-fold cross-validation was repeated 10 times, and the results of each iteration of the testing data set were evaluated using indices, Accuracy, F1 score, Mathews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), sensitivity, and Specificity.
Microstate-based CSP analysis found that while novices had primarily the frontal cortex involved for a maximum of spatial pattern vectors, experts had the hotspot of the spatial pattern vectors over the frontal and parietal cortices where the discriminating parietal brain region was supported by the Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) of our 3D CNN-based model. Here, LDA with 10-fold cross-validation achieved more than 90% classification accuracy with microstate-based CSP, while conventional regularized CSP could reach around 80% classification accuracy. Then, 3D CNN provided the highest sensitivity of 99.30%, the highest specificity of 99.70%, the highest F1 score of 98.51%, and the highest MCC of 97.56%.
Microstate-based CSP analysis improved the LDA classification (~90%) of experts versus novices based on EEG topography during a complex FLS task; however, combining the spatial and temporal information in the EEG topography preserving 3D CNN model significantly improved the classifier accuracy (>98%) in addition to providing mechanistic insights based on Grad-CAM analysis.
Aquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) diversity of two Tiger Reserves state Telangana, India
Authors: Banerjee Someah , Jaiswal Deepa
Published: January 2023

The diversity and distribution of aquatic Hemipterans were studied from Amrabad and Kawal Tiger Reserve of state Telangana. This reportdocuments 38 species of aquatic hemipterans belonging to 22 genera and 10 families from Amrabad and Kawal Tiger Reserve. Interestingly, 20 species were noted as additions to the state of Telangana with two species Ranatra libera Zettel, 1999 and Rhagovelia sumatrensis Lundblad, 1933 were observed, where the first one is the new distributional record to Deccan peninsula and latter one from southern India. Global distribution map also presented here in this article. Kawal Tiger Reserve has high species diversity than the Amrabad tiger Reserve. The present report is the first documentation from both tiger reserves on aquatic hemipterans from the state of Telangana.
The Prevalence of Obesity among Syrian Private University Students and Its Relationship with Lifestyle
Authors: Albokaay Ayman , Rumman Aisha , Hammoud Taghrid
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Obesity is the excessive or abnormal accumulation of fat or adipose tissue in the body that is detrimental to health through its association with the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. A major public health epidemic has only gotten worse over the past 50 years. Obesity is a complex disease with multifactorial causes. We aim in two studies to study the most important factors that cause obesity among students of the Syrian Private University, and to link the most important risk factors and lifestyle of students with obesity.
Methods: A pivotal cross-sectional study targeting 432 students of the Syrian Private University according to specific admission and exclusion criteria, data were taken from them using an electronic form that was published on the students' social media sites.
Results: By interpreting the results of the descriptive statistics of the sample and applying the Chi-Square, ANOVA and Unpaired-T-test, we extracted many interesting results regarding the assessment of obesity among the studied students. The pattern of foods rich in carbohydrates, as well as those with a positive family history of obesity.
Conclusion: The absence of a relationship between several risk factors that passed in our study Such as (the number of hours of study, prolonged sitting, the number of hours of sports practiced per week, the number of meals consumed daily or weekly, and the type of medications usually used) and the development of this incidence of obesity prompts us to search more in two main areas in the future in broader and more comprehensive studies, namely, to ascertain the reasons for the absence of this relationship in young age groups and the presence of more additional factors. In depth related to heredity and general metabolism in the body, and the search for other unconventional risk factors that may be useful in determining the causality behind the increasing frequency of obesity cases in unusually young age groups. It is currently followed.
Development of an Animal-Derived Component-Free Medium for Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) Cells Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Saisud Sureewan , Posung Manoch , Tuntigumthon Suthida , Areesirisuk Atsadawut , Dhepakson Panadda , Teeka Jantima
Published: January 2023

Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells have been widely used for recombinant protein production. Currently, serum-free media for Sf9 cells are commercially available, but they mostly still contain animal-derived components. This work aimed to develop an animal-derived component free medium for Sf9 cells. Chemically defined lipid concentrate (CDLC), yeast extract (YE), and soytone (ST) were studied for serum substitutes using a central composite design (CCD). OSF9-ADCFM contained optimum concentrations of CDLC, YE and ST at 0.5% (v/v), 11.0 g/L, and 3.0 g/L, respectively. The mean viable cell concentration of 1.71 ± 0.14 x 105 cells/mL was obtained from 5 passages (P1-P5) in 25 cm2 tissue culture flask. The use of both peptones after 10-kDa ultrafiltration had a significant effect on Sf9 cells growth. Maximum cell concentrations and the specific growth rates of cell adaptation in suspension culture were 1.79–2.17 x 106 cells/mL and 0.025–0.027 h− 1, respectively. The results indicated that OSF9-ADCFM could be used for Sf9 culture in both static and suspension culture. Further study would be needed to verify the effect on protein production of this in-house animal-derived component-free medium.
Efficient production of isobutanol from glycerol in Klebsiella pneumoniae: Regulation of acetohydroxyacid synthase, a rate-limiting enzyme in isobutanol biosynthesis at gene expression level
Authors: Jo Min-Ho , Heo Sun-Yeon , Ju Jung-Hyun , Jeong Ki Jun , Kim Min-Soo , Kim Chul-Ho , Oh Baekrock
Published: January 2023

Background: Glycerol is inexpensive and abundant, and can be used for the industrial production of value-added products. Isobutanol is an important industrial chemical that has many applications, and its biosynthesis from different carbon sources has been studied using various microorganisms. So far, isobutanol production by Klebsiella pneumoniae has been mainly studied using glucose. In this study, we produced isobutanol from glycerol based on the K. pneumoniae ΔldhAΔadcmutant harboring pBR-iBO used in previous study using K. pneumoniae, which has an excellent ability to assimilate glycerol even under limited conditions.
Results: We investigated the effect of different acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) isoenzymes (rate-limiting enzymes in isobutanol biosynthesis), plasmid copy number, and different promoters as a method to increase isobutanol production by K. pneumoniae. The K. pneumoniae Cu ΔldhAΔbudA, pUC-tac-BN-ISO strain produced 2.56-fold more isobutanol than previously reported for glycerol-derived isobutanol production. Also, the in vitro enzyme activity of AHAS I (ilvBN) was greater than that of the other two isoenzymes (ilvIHand ilvGM). Evaluation of process factors indicated that an agitation speed of 200 rpm with the culture maintained at pH 6 were favorable conditions for isobutanol production (1.02 g/L).
Conclusion: We obtained enhanced isobutanol production from glycerol by metabolic engineering of K. pneumoniae. Our results demonstrated enhanced production of isobutanol from glycerol, and suggest future avenues for research in this area.
Thulium laser versus cold steel tonsillectomy with bipolar electrocautery: a prospective pilot study in adult patients
Authors: Baghdasaryan Manana , Mkhitaryan Gurgen , Martin Misakyan , Vermishyan Vahe , Tadevosyan Artashes , Poghosyan Anna
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Multiple surgical techniques and instruments with their advantages and disadvantages have been described to minimize intraoperative hemorrhage and reduce the operation time, postoperative pain, and incidence of comorbidities in patients undergoing tonsillectomy. The aim of this pilot study was to compare the operation time, intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, postoperative pain and wound healing of the Thulium Revolix laser tonsillectomy method over the more commonly practiced cold steel tonsillectomy.

Methods

A prospective, single-blinded randomized pilot trial was conducted from February 2020 to March 2021. The inclusion criteria were adult persons with chronic recurrent tonsillitis. Twelve adult persons (7 males and 5 females) with chronic recurrent tonsillitis were observed and underwent tonsillectomy. All persons were Armenians with a mean age of 28.7 years. The persons were randomly assigned to have one tonsil removed with a Thulium RevoLix laser 200, and the conventional cold steel tonsillectomy method was used for the other side. The operation time for each side and intraoperational bleeding were evaluated. On the second, fifth, seventh and twelfth days, pain intensity was recorded using the numeric rating pain scale, and wound healing was assessed clinically.

Results

The tonsillectomy time from incision to hemostasis was 12.08 ± 0.77 min with the laser method and 12.08 ± 0.77 min with the cold dissection method, with no statistically significant difference (P < 0.121). Intraoperative blood loss in the cold dissection method was 10.92 ± 1.31 ml, and absolutely no blood loss was observed during laser treatment (p < 0.000, t = 8.363). The highest NRS pain scores were revealed on the second postoperative day, which slightly decreased over the next 12 postoperative days in both groups. In the cold steel tonsillectomy group, the pain score was significantly higher than that in the laser tonsillectomy group on the 7th and 12th postoperative days: 1.67 ± 0.33 via 4.00 ± 0.69 (P = 0.006) on the 7th postoperative day and 0.17 ± 0.11 via 2.67 ± 0.73 (P = 0.003) on the 12th postoperative day.

Conclusion

The use of the RevoLix 200 laser for tonsillectomy in the present pilot study of 12 patients showed significantly better outcomes than those in conventional cold dissection methods in terms of intraoperative bleeding, postoperative pain and wound healing; however, there was no statistically significant difference in other parameters, such as operational time and late postoperative bleeding. A large full-scale prospective study is needed to increase the generalizability and reliability of the results.
Clinical trial registration: ISRCTN16280803 https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN16280803