bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
À l’écoute du choeur entier : réflexions sur une écologie et une économie plus holistiques de la composition
Authors: Hron Terri
Published: October 2022

Cette réflexion sur la création musicale dans l’Anthropocène dessine trois aspects de la pratique de l’auteure. Le premier concerne le désapprentissage des catégories et des définitions de la musique et de la création musicale encouragées et parfois imposées par la culture dominante, souvent basées sur des valeurs extractivistes et patriarcales. Le deuxième invite à privilégier l’écoute comme pratique active, cultivant une plus grande présence aux autres êtres, humains et au-delà. Le troisième repose sur la conviction que même les petits gestes peuvent se répéter comme des fractales à travers un système, parce que ce à quoi nous prêtons attention grandit et parce que nous pouvons au moins cesser d’exercer des exclusions et des oppressions.
Sounding Extremes: Ecological Sound Art in the Anthropocene
Authors: Barclay Leah
Published: October 2022

The catastrophic impacts of climate change, vanishing biodiversity, and the rapid deterioration of our global ecosystems require urgent attention and aggressive political action. This article explores a body of interdisciplinary research through a series of ecological sound projects designed to draw attention and awareness to changing ecosystems. These projects are framed as participatory acoustic ecology and position the discipline as a socially engaged, inclusive, accessible, interdisciplinary field that inspires communities to listen and act during times of crisis.
Le patrimoine archéologique de la Nation w8banaki
Authors: Blanchet Edgar , Treyvaud Geneviève , Plourde Jean-Nicolas
Published: October 2022

Le Bureau du Ndakina du Grand Conseil de la Nation Waban-Aki a développé un protocole de gestion du patrimoine archéologique. Ce protocole se positionne en réaction aux abus passés et présents dans la gestion du matériel archéologique sur le territoire ancestral de la nation. Nous présentons dans cet article les défis auxquels le Bureau est confronté, illustrés par trois cas de figure : 1) les limites du rapatriement d’objets situés sur la portion états-unienne du territoire ancestral ; 2) l’enjeu des archéologues amateurs et de la constitution de collections privées ; 3) le cas du rapatriement d’une collection provenant d’un site funéraire w8banaki. Ces exemples nous mènent à affirmer que la vie des objets se poursuit bien au-delà de leur abandon dans le sol. Leur muséification constitue parfois leur mort sociale, mais une vie symbolique persiste, car ce matériel devient vecteur de revendications et de reconstruction symbolique. Les objets sont porteurs de savoirs et ils sont centraux à la construction identitaire des groupes et des individus. De plus, dans le contexte précis des nations autochtones, ils occupent un rôle de médiateur et sont sujets à diverses formes de politisation. Comme nous tentons de le démontrer en ancrant cet article dans l’expérience récente de la Nation w8banaki, les objets peuvent être instrumentalisés simultanément à diverses fins. C’est dans ce contexte que s’inscrivent les démarches récentes et croissantes de rapatriement de matériel archéologique et ethnologique, un concept qu’il importe de considérer avec beaucoup de vigilance.
L’art contemporain, passeur d’autorité et espace de restitution
Authors: Graff Julie , Marcoux Gabrielle
Published: October 2022

Cet article se penche sur trois expositions d’art actuel présentées en région, au Québec, entre 2017 et 2019, qui, à travers un certain nombre de gestes décoloniaux, tissent des liens entre art, musées, communautés et territoire. Les artistes et commissaires – autochtones et allochtones – engagés dans ces trois projets développent des stratégies ancrées, notamment, dans l’art relationnel afin de développer des réflexions critiques quant à l’inscription de l’espace muséal – espaces de création, de diffusion et de contrôle de connaissances – en territoire colonisé. Les autrices souhaitent ainsi, par l’étude de ces trois projets, explorer l’engagement possible de l’art contemporain dans des projets de restitution et de nouvelles formes de relationalité entre musées et communautés.
Rapatrier le matériel phytogénétique, en revenir aux semences
Authors: Hall Ingrid
Published: October 2022

La question du rapatriement deslandraces(variétés paysannes) auprès des communautés autochtones et locales qui les ont domestiquées, sélectionnées et continuent encore à les cultiver, est au coeur de cet article. Ces vingt-cinq dernières années, face à des institutions internationales frileuses, différents acteurs se sont mobilisés, en dehors mais également depuis ces mêmes institutions, pour que ce terme soit adopté. L’auteure propose ici d’analyser ce processus en termes de controverse scientifique dans le cadre de laquelle les différents acteurs ont ouvert un espace de dialogue et de négociation autour de la gouvernance des ressources phytogénétiques à différentes échelles (globale, nationale, locale). La réflexion porte en grande partie sur le cas, pionnier, de la pomme de terre, mais l’auteure ne s’y est pas restreinte. Cet article s’intéresse aussi à la façon dont ces débats contribuent à déconstruire le commun global constitué pour les ressources phytogénétiques dans les domaines de l’alimentation et de l’agriculture en opérant un double processus de reterritorialisation et de rematérialisation. Ces ressources redeviennent ainsi peu à peu des semences ancrées territorialement, historiquement et culturellement.
Le développement des études sur les « Métis de l’Est »
Authors: Leroux Darryl
Published: October 2022

Des dizaines de milliers de personnes descendantes des premiers colons français en Nouvelle-France ont émergé au cours des quinze dernières années pour revendiquer une identité autochtone en tant que « Métis » en Ontario, au Québec, en Nouvelle-Écosse et au Nouveau-Brunswick. Ce mouvement social a conduit au développement d’une nouvelle littérature savante, principalement en langue française, prônant la présence de « Métis de l’Est » détenteurs de droits autochtones constitutionnels. Afin de comprendre les arguments intellectuels en faveur des soi-disant Métis de l’Est, l’auteur passe en revue une série d’articles de périodiques, des chapitres de livres, des livres et des thèses de doctorat sur le sujet. Il examine ce matériel sous la loupe de plusieurs universitaires métis et/ou en études autochtones pour illustrer certaines des lacunes de ce sous-domaine universitaire émergent. L’article est divisé en deux grands thèmes qui émergent de la revue de littérature consacrée à ce sujet : premièrement, l’ethnogenèse métisse réinventée et, deuxièmement, les préoccupations normatives coloniales / nationales.
Méthodes d’exploitation des corpus pour la traduction de termes complexes
Authors: Cabezas-García Melania , León-Araúz Pilar
Published: October 2022

La traduction des termes complexes pose souvent des problèmes sur différents plans. D’une part, dans le texte source, ils doivent être bien identifiés et compris, puis correctement traduits. Cependant, la solution à ces problèmes ne se trouve pas toujours dans les ressources terminologiques telles que les dictionnaires ou les bases de données, de sorte que le traducteur doit recourir à d’autres outils riches en informations, comme les corpus. Pour en tirer le meilleur parti, il faut connaître les différentes méthodes d’exploitation des corpus offertes par les systèmes d’analyse actuels. Cependant, ces dernières sont souvent inconnues, ce qui génère une réticence de la part des traducteurs à utiliser des corpus (Bowker 2004 ; Gallego-Hernández 2015 ; Loock 2016). Dans cet article, nous développons un protocole pour faciliter la compréhension et la traduction des termes complexes à l’aide de corpus parallèles et comparables. Nous illustrons la procédure avec des termes complexes de l’anglais, que nous traduisons en français et en espagnol.
“Tinged with gloom and grandeur”
Authors: McKim Denis
Published: October 2022

Scholars have discussed the role of romanticism in the condescending attitudes of Upper Canadian conservatives toward Indigenous peoples but they have yet to examine its role in the political culture of settler society; specifically, as it applies to the political ideology of Tories, the group that prevailed in bustling towns and embryonic outposts alike. Weaving together intellectual history, the history of emotions, and environmental history, this article explores the romantic tradition’s salience within the mentalité of Upper Canadian conservatism. It contends that influential figures from the worlds of politics and literature repeatedly invoked aspects of romanticism over several decades in denouncing subversive phenomena and in seeking to legitimize their vision of a hierarchical society. In particular, they drew on such compelling romantic tropes as powerful emotions and the magnificence of nature in the hope of bolstering a social order predicated on elite hegemony and rank-and-file deference. This helps to shed light on one of the animating factors within the Tory tradition, a multifaceted force that, for good or ill, has played an important role in shaping Ontario’s history.
Le réseautage, un soutien essentiel aux bibliothèques oeuvrant en milieu francophone minoritaire au Canada
Authors: Roy Alain
Published: October 2022

Au Canada, on reconnaît la présence de deux langues officielles. À l’extérieur du Québec, les communautés francophones en milieu minoritaire comptaient pour 22,8 % de la population en 2016. Pour cette population, l’accès à des services et collections de bibliothèque en français est cruciale. Et pour soutenir ce travail, le réseautage entre bibliothèques et bibliothécaires est essentiel. Pourtant, depuis la fin de la l’Association canadienne des bibliothécaires de langue française (ACBLF), au début des années 1970, les bibliothécaires travaillaient plutôt en isolement. En 2019, dans le cadre de ses obligations en vertu de la Loi sur les langues officielles, Bibliothèque et Archives Canada mettait sur pied le Réseau des bibliothèques des communautés de langue officielle en situation minoritaire (CLOSM). Après un retour sur le contexte historique de la création de ce réseau, de l’ACBLF à aujourd’hui, nous en présentons les caractéristiques et les réalisations, qu’il s’agisse du partage d’informations, de la Conférence nationale de mai 2021 ou encore de la recherche. Un court bilan suivra, portant entre autres sur son apport face aux défis que rencontrent les bibliothécaires oeuvrant en milieu francophone minoritaire.
L’externalisation ouverte dans le traitement des documents patrimoniaux : une collaboration citoyenne au service des institutions culturelles
Authors: Boudreau Christian , Claveau Myriam , Rousseau Louis-Pascal , Bégin Jérôme , Camirand David
Published: October 2022

Le présent article traite de l’externalisation ouverte (crowdsourcing) au sein d’organisations à vocation historique et culturelle. Il porte plus particulièrement sur la collaboration citoyenne dans le traitement des documents patrimoniaux numérisés par les centres d’archives et les bibliothèques. Les auteurs y présentent les principales composantes de l’externalisation ouverte (organisation, contributeurs, tâches et plateformes), en particulier dans un contexte d’enrichissement du patrimoine documentaire, ainsi que la mécanique derrière ce phénomène et ses retombées. Ils abordent aussi trois importants défis auxquels doivent inévitablement faire face les organisations qui souhaitent externaliser des tâches relatives au traitement des documents patrimoniaux, à savoir la participation des contributeurs, la qualité des contributions et l’intégration institutionnelle de ces contributions. L’article termine sur des pistes de solution visant à concilier les pratiques institutionnelles (ou professionnelles) et les pratiques citoyennes dans le traitement des documents patrimoniaux, tout en précisant que les archivistes semblent bien placés pour relever certains de ces nouveaux défis.
Determination of oligomeric states of proteins via dual-color colocalization with single molecule localization microscopy
Authors: Tan Hua Leonhard , Bungert-Plümke Stefanie , Kortzak Daniel , Fahlke Christoph , Stölting Gabriel
Published: October 2022

The oligomeric state of plasma membrane proteins is the result of the interactions between individual subunits and an important determinant of their function. Most approaches used to address this question rely on extracting these complexes from their native environment, which may disrupt weaker interactions. Therefore, microscopy techniques have been increasingly used in recent years to determine oligomeric states in situ. Classical light microscopy suffers from insufficient resolution, but super-resolution methods such as single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) can circumvent this problem. When using SMLM to determine oligomeric states of proteins, subunits are labeled with fluorescent proteins that only emit light following activation or conversion at different wavelengths. Typically, individual molecules are counted based on a binomial distribution analysis of emission events detected within the same diffraction-limited volume. This strategy requires low background noise, a high recall rate for the fluorescent tag and intensive post-imaging data processing. To overcome these limitations, we developed a new method based on SMLM to determine the oligomeric state of plasma membrane proteins. Our dual-color colocalization (DCC) approach allows for accurate in situ counting even with low efficiencies of fluorescent protein detection. In addition, it is robust in the presence of background signals and does not require temporal clustering of localizations from individual proteins within the same diffraction-limited volume, which greatly simplifies data acquisition and processing. We used DCC-SMLM to resolve the controversy surrounding the oligomeric state of two SLC26 multifunctional anion exchangers and to determine the oligomeric state of four members of the SLC17 family of organic anion transporters.
A single-cell atlas of the cycling murine ovary
Authors: Morris Mary E , Meinsohn Marie-Charlotte , Chauvin Maeva , Saatcioglu Hatice D , Kashiwagi Aki , Sicher Natalie A , Nguyen Ngoc , Yuan Selena , Stavely Rhian , Hyun Minsuk , Donahoe Patricia K , Sabatini Bernardo L , Pépin David
Published: October 2022

The estrous cycle is regulated by rhythmic endocrine interactions of the nervous and reproductive systems, which coordinate the hormonal and ovulatory functions of the ovary. Folliculogenesis and follicle progression require the orchestrated response of a variety of cell types to allow the maturation of the follicle and its sequela, ovulation, corpus luteum formation, and ovulatory wound repair. Little is known about the cell state dynamics of the ovary during the estrous cycle and the paracrine factors that help coordinate this process. Herein, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to evaluate the transcriptome of >34,000 cells of the adult mouse ovary and describe the transcriptional changes that occur across the normal estrous cycle and other reproductive states to build a comprehensive dynamic atlas of murine ovarian cell types and states.
Unbiased proteomic and forward genetic screens reveal that mechanosensitive ion channel MSL10 functions at ER–plasma membrane contact sites in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Codjoe Jennette M , Richardson Ryan A , McLoughlin Fionn , Vierstra Richard David , Haswell Elizabeth S
Published: October 2022

Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels are an evolutionarily conserved way for cells to sense mechanical forces and transduce them into ionic signals. The channel properties of Arabidopsis thaliana MscS-Like (MSL)10 have been well studied, but how MSL10 signals remains largely unknown. To uncover signaling partners of MSL10, we employed a proteomic screen and a forward genetic screen; both unexpectedly implicated endoplasmic reticulum–plasma membrane contact sites (EPCSs) in MSL10 function. The proteomic screen revealed that MSL10 associates with multiple proteins associated with EPCSs. Of these, only VAMP-associated proteins (VAP)27-1 and VAP27-3 interacted directly with MSL10. The forward genetic screen, for suppressors of a gain-of-function MSL10 allele (msl10-3G, MSL10S640L), identified mutations in the synaptotagmin (SYT)5 and SYT7 genes. We also found that EPCSs were expanded in leaves of msl10-3G plants compared to the wild type. Taken together, these results indicate that MSL10 associates and functions with EPCS proteins, providing a new cell-level framework for understanding MSL10 signaling. In addition, placing a mechanosensory protein at EPCSs provides new insight into the function and regulation of this type of subcellular compartment.
Association of lithocholic acid with skeletal muscle hypertrophy through TGR5-IGF-1 and skeletal muscle mass in cultured mouse myotubes, chronic liver disease rats and humans
Authors: Tamai Yasuyuki , Eguchi Akiko , Shigefuku Ryuta , Kitamura Hiroshi , Tempaku Mina , Sugimoto Ryosuke , Kobayashi Yoshinao , Iwasa Motoh , Takei Yoshiyuki , Nakagawa Hayato
Published: October 2022

Background:

Hepatic sarcopenia is one of many complications associated with chronic liver disease (CLD) and has a high mortality rate; however, the liver-muscle axis is not fully understood. Therefore, few effective treatments exist for hepatic sarcopenia, the best of which being branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation to help increase muscle mass. Our aim was to investigate the molecular mechanism(s) of hepatic sarcopenia focused on bile acid (BA) composition.

Methods:

The correlation between serum BA levels and psoas muscle mass index (PMI) was examined in 73 CLD patients. Gastrocnemius muscle phenotype and serum BA levels were assessed in CLD rats treated with BCAA. Mouse skeletal muscle cells (C2C12) were incubated with lithocholic acid (LCA), G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) agonist or TGR5 antagonist to assess skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

Results:

In human CLD, serum LCA levels were the sole factor positively correlated with PMI and were significantly decreased in both the low muscle mass group and the deceased group. Serum LCA levels were also shown to predict patient survival. Gastrocnemius muscle weight significantly increased in CLD rats treated with BCAA via suppression of protein degradation pathways, coupled with a significant increase in serum LCA levels. LCA treated C2C12 hypertrophy occurred in a concentration-dependent manner linked with TGR5-Akt pathways based upon inhibition results via a TGR5 antagonist.

Conclusions:

Our results indicate LCA-mediated skeletal muscle hypertrophy via activation of TGR5-IGF1-Akt signaling pathways. In addition, serum LCA levels were associated with skeletal muscle mass in cirrhotic rats, as well as CLD patients, and predicted overall patient survival.

Funding:

This research was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 22K08011 and 21H02892, and AMED under Grant Number JP21fk0210090 and JP22fk0210115. Maintaining cirrhotic rats were partially supported by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of the KCS gene family in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)
Authors: Zhang Aixia , Xu Jingjing , Xu Xin , Wu Junping , Li Ping , Wang Baohua , Fang Hui
Published: October 2022

The aboveground parts of plants are covered with cuticle, a hydrophobic layer composed of cutin polyester and cuticular wax that can protect plants from various environmental stresses. β-Ketoacyl-CoA synthase (KCS) is the key rate-limiting enzyme in plant wax synthesis. Although the properties of KCS family genes have been investigated in many plant species, the understanding of this gene family in sorghum is still limited. Here, a total of 25 SbKCS genes were identified in the sorghum genome, which were named from SbKCS1 to SbKCS25. Evolutionary analysis among different species divided the KCS family into five subfamilies and the SbKCSs were more closely related to maize, implying a closer evolutionary relationship between sorghum and maize. All SbKCS genes were located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9 and 10, respectively, while Chr 1 and Chr 10 contained more KCS genes than other chromosomes. The prediction results of subcellular localization showed that SbKCSs were mainly expressed in the plasma membrane and mitochondria. Gene structure analysis revealed that there was 0–1 intron in the sorghum KCS family and SbKCSs within the same subgroup were similar. Multiple cis-acting elements related to abiotic stress, light and hormone response were enriched in the promoters of SbKCS genes, which indicated the functional diversity among these genes. The three-dimensional structure analysis showed that a compact spherical space structure was formed by various secondary bonds to maintain the stability of SbKCS proteins, which was necessary for their biological activity. qRT-PCR results revealed that nine randomly selected SbKCS genes expressed differently under drought and salt treatments, among which SbKCS8 showed the greatest fold of expression difference at 12 h after drought and salt stresses, which suggested that the SbKCS genes played a potential role in abiotic stress responses. Taken together, these results provided an insight into investigating the functions of KCS family in sorghum and in response to abiotic stress.
Regional water footprint assessment for a semi-arid basin in India
Authors: Mehla Mukesh Kumar
Published: October 2022

Water footprint assessment enables us to pinpoint the impacts and limitations of the current systems. Identifying vulnerabilities across various regions and times helps us prepare for suitable actions for improving water productivity and promoting sustainable water use. This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the sector-wise water footprint in the Banas River Basin from 2008–2020. The water footprint of the Banas River Basin was estimated as 20.2 billion cubic meters (BCM)/year from all sectors. The water footprint has increased over the year with the increase in population, the number of industries, and crop production demand. The average annual water footprint of crop production varied from 11.4–23.1 BCM/year (mean 19.3 BCM/year) during the study period. Results indicate that the water footprint has nearly doubled in the past decade. Wheat, bajra, maize, and rapeseed & mustard make up 67.4% of crop production’s total average annual water footprint. Suitable measures should be implemented in the basin to improve water productivity and promote sustainable water use in agriculture, which accounts for nearly 95.5% of the total water footprint (WF) of the Banas basin. The outcomes of the study provide a reference point for further research and planning of appropriate actions to combat water scarcity challenges in the Banas basin.
“La Divina Providencia” y “la puerta del Estrecho” de Magallanes en dos poemas coloniales
Authors:   Universidad de Magallanes (Chile), Formoso Bavich Christian
Published: October 2022

Dentro de la escasa representación de las empresas españolas en las geografías del extremo austral americano, hallamos en Armas antárticas, de Juan de Miramontes Zuázola (1609), y Vida de Santa Rosa, del Conde de la Granja (1711), dos textos épicos que, abordados parcialmente, incluyen sendas representaciones del Estrecho de Magallanes. Este artículo explora dichas representaciones en diálogo con las recreaciones que las mismas obras ofrecen de Lima y el virreinato del Perú. Sostengo que ambos poemas coinciden en representar el estrecho como un espacio otro, cuya fortificación fallida a partir de la experiencia de Sarmiento de Gamboa termina por transformarlo en una naturaleza y una geografía que condensan lo demoníaco, y cuyas disposiciones pueden trastornar, e incluso derrotar, la empresa del cristianismo en el Nuevo Mundo. El adelgazamiento hasta la desaparición de un poema al otro, de las referencias indíge- nas –asociadas desde Pigafetta a la adoración del demonio–, configuran además en el Estrecho un locus diabolicus sin “mediadores”. Al mismo tiempo, exploro las posibilidades de que dicha representación de Magallanes se construya de manera funcional a la capital del virreinato, cuya naturaleza y experiencia religiosa sostienen la fortificación del proyecto imperial español en América.
Sujeto y modernidad en poemas en prosa de Augusto d’Halmar
Authors:   Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Edicación (UMCE) (Chile), Galgani Muñoz Jaime
Published: October 2022

Este artículo propone una revisión del concepto de sujeto moderno en los poemas en prosa del escritor chileno Augusto d’Halmar (1882-1950); en particular, en su obra Palabras para canciones, poemas en tono menor, escrito en la última década de su vida. Se propone que, en este género, d’Halmar moviliza los distintos discursos de la modernidad a fin de articular una configuración diluida del sujeto y una clave para comprender las temáticas de su obra anterior.
Comunidades del tiempo, temporalidades de lo común: el proyecto estético de Luis Oyarzún
Authors:   Universidad de Chile (Chile), Valenzuela A. Alejandro
Published: October 2022

Este artículo estudia el Diario íntimo (1995) de Luis Oyarzún a la luz de la teoría de la comunidad esté- tica desarrollada por Immanuel Kant en la Crítica del juicio. En concreto, se pretenderá mostrar de qué modo Oyarzún proyectó una suerte de educación estética del hispanoamericano con el fin de promover una nueva visión del nosotros en Hispanoamérica. En último término, tanto el concepto de comunidad como el de temporalidad nos permitirán repensar algunos de los conceptos centrales del pensamiento de Oyarzún —visión, titanismo, dominación, etc.— y, a su vez, ponderar la originalidad de su proyecto estético para Hispanoamérica.
El ensayismo de Martín Cerda como literatura menor. Aproximación a Escritorio
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes (Chile), Gavilán Muñoz Ismael
Published: October 2022

En el presente trabajo se efectúa una lectura del libro de ensayo Escritorio de Martín Cerda bajo las premisas conceptuales de “literatura menor” que proponen Gilles Deleuze y Felix Guattari. Con esto se busca dilucidar las principales características de la escritura ensayística de Escritorio para dar cuenta de su rendimiento como texto crítico en relación con sus referentes contingentes y culturales, así como también en referencia a la forma ensayística en el despliegue de su escritura.
Efficacy of Rotary Retreatment Techniques Assisted with Passive Ultrasonic Activation of Resin Solvent in Removal of Gutta-percha with Epoxy Resin and MTA Based Root Canal Sealers: An In-vitro Study
Authors: More Akash Kiran , Sumanthini MV , Shenoy Vanitha U
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Endodontic retreatment is indicated in cases of failed primary endodontic treatment. The main goal of retreatment is to establish conditions that will enable the healing of the periapical tissue. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of rotary retreatment with the ProTaper Universal Retreatment system supplemented with passive ultrasonic activation of solvent in retreatment of singlerooted mandibular premolar teeth obturated with gutta-percha and two different root canal sealers (AH Plus and MTA Fillapex). Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was conducted in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics at Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, from January 2019 to April 2019. Total 66 freshly extracted human single rooted mandibular premolars were used in this study. Root canal preparation was done using ProTaper Next rotary files. Teeth were decoronated to get a uniform length of 18 mm and were divided into three retreatment groups based on the technique used for retreatment. Group I included rotary retreatment, Group II involved rotary retreatment with solvent and paper point wicking, and Group III involved rotary retreatment with passive ultrasonic activation of solvent and paper point wicking. Based on the sealer used for obturation, teeth in each group were further divided into two subgroups, subgroup A with AH Plus sealer and subgroup B with MTA Fillapex sealer. Teeth were stored in an incubator for 30 days to allow sealer to set after which sectioning of the specimens was done buccolingually for examination under the stereomicroscope and photographed. Statistical analysis was done by using parametric Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Post-hoc tests and Unpaired t-test. Results: No statistically significant difference in percentage area of residual root canal filling material noted between the group I and II and when obturated with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer (subgroup A) as p-value=0.215. Whereas, it revealed a statistically significant difference between the group I, II, and III when obturated with gutta-percha and MTA Fillapex sealer (subgroup B) as p-value<0.001. Conclusion: Passive ultrasonic activation of solvent after guttapercha removal using ProTaper Universal rotary files could improve the quality of endodontic retreatment.
Socio-Economic Profile of the Dairy Farmers: A Study in Rural Urban Interface of Bengaluru
Authors: Shivagangavva P. D.
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To study the socio economic condition of dairy and non-dairy farmers in rural-urban interface of Bangalore.

Methodology: The study was conducted in rural area and surrounding of Bangalore urban in India. Data of 240 dairy samples, 120 non-dairy samples were drawn from different layers of South and North transects during 2016-17. Thus, the total sample size was 360. By using descriptive statistical analysis was done.Study was conducted in rural–urban interface of Bengaluru also heighted the influence of urbanization was brought changes in their herd size and socio-economic condition of the dairy farmers.

Findings: Study reveals that most of the rural people occupation was dairying, younger generation (36- 41 age) was more involved in more than others and their average operational holding (6.40) acre was less in dairy farmers as compare to non-dairy farmers. Education level was more in non-dairy farmers than the dairy farmers as dairy demands more labours. Dairy act as one of the instrument to alleviate the poverty generates the employment, income and provides the sustainable livelihood security for the dairy farmers. Therefore, it needs a paradigm shift in focusing more on marketing and production oriented dairy system for sustainable development and poverty alleviation oriented dairy system.
Isolation, Identification and Optimization of Natural Colorant Producing Soil-borne Aspergillus niger and Analysis of the Extracted Pigment
Authors: Kale Pravin , Wagh Mahesh S. , Kakad S. L. , Gadhave Avinash , Bhakare Sagar
Published: October 2022

Natural colorants have been used in various applications throughout human history, including food, dyes, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and various other products.  The objective of this study was to separate the naturally occurring filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger from the soil and get pigments for prospective industrial uses. Five different soil samples were taken on the campus (botanical garden, polyhouse, agricultural farm) of Padmashri Vikhe Patil College, Pravaranagar, India. By using standard techniques, the Aspergillus niger was isolated and identified from the soil samples (morphological & microscopic characteristics). To produce pigment, Aspergillus niger was cultured in five different liquid media for 7 days under shaking conditions: potato dextrose broth (PDB), Czapek-Dox broth (CDB), yeast extract malt extract broth (YMB), Sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB), and nutrient broth (NB). The pigments were extracted from the biomass using an ethanol-based extraction technique, and the biomass was then concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Five samples allowed for the isolation of Aspergillus niger, and a yield estimate for the brown pigment that was recovered from Aspergillus niger was made. Utilizing a UV-VIS spectrophotometer, secondary metabolites testing, and spectroscopic analysis of the pigments, it was determined whether they had antibacterial efficacy against test organisms. The composition of the medium had an impact on the pigment. In this study, this species produces more pigment after eight days of culture under various circumstances, including 25°C and pH 4. Carbon and nitrogen are the sources that are necessary for the creation of secondary metabolites and biomass. Temperature, pH, carbon supply, aeration, and fermentation type all affect the pigments because they are by-products of fermentation (solid or submerged). As low-cost, fungi can be used as color production cell factories. The food, pharmaceutical, bio-paint, and textile industries all have emerging uses for fungal pigments.
Genetic Diversity of Agro-morphogenic Traits in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr).
Authors: Rahama Md Anisur , Sarkar Anik , Modak Sourav , Hasan Md. Mahadi , Zeba Naheed
Published: October 2022

The genetic diversity of agro-morphogenic traits in 14 genotypes of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) were studied in an experiment using a Complete randomizes Design (CRD). Each trait's analysis of variance revealed a substantial difference between genotypes. Multivariate analysis based on thirteen characters of fourteen soybean genotypes was divided into four clusters. The maximum contribution of traits towards diversity was observed by days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of main branches per plant and leaf area index. As a result, these traits could be emphasized during selection of parents for hybridization. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and IV and the maximum intra cluster distance was found in cluster III. Considering group distance and other agro-morphogenic performance, genotypes G1 (BADC SV1) from cluster II, G10 (Asset-95) and G7 (BS-29) from cluster VII, G4 (GMOT-43) and G12 (BADC SV2) from cluster IV found potential for future hybridization program.
Exploring Early Childhood Education Teachers’ Assessment Practices on Learners in Sefwi-Wiawso Municipality of Ghana
Authors: Martin Georgina , Atteh Evans
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study was to explore learning areas teachers assess and strategies teachers employ during the assessment practices of Early Childhood learners in Sefwi - Wiawso Municipality of the Western Region of Ghana. Descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The sample size for this study was 110 basic school workers made up of 80 Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers, 29 Head teachers and 1 Basic school coordinator, however, 100 respondents returned their questionnaire for analysis. Purposive sampling techniques were used to select the sample for the study. The instruments used for data collection were close-ended questionnaire and interview for collecting both quantitative and qualitative respectively. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics whilst the qualitative data was analysed using thematic approach. Results from the study indicated that the learning areas or domains Early Childhood Education teachers assess Kindergarten children during assessment process included social skills, cognitive skills, physical development (psychomotor) skills and language skills. Besides, the Kindergarten teachers used strategies such as observation, anecdotal records, visual documentation and checklist to assess their pupils. The following recommendations were made in the light of the findings of the study: Kindergarten teachers should widen their assessment to all learning areas such as, Emotional and affective domains. This will enhance holistic development of the child. Additionally, there should be frequent in-service and refresher programmes by Municipal Education Directorate so as to equip the ECE teachers and those who are directly involve in identification and the use of assessment strategies.
Biology of the Reproduction of Mugilidae Neochelon falcipinnis (Valenciennes, 1836) in the Protected Marine Area of Niamone-Kalounayes (Casamance Estuary)
Authors: Diedhiou Patrick , Sarr Alassane , Samba Ousseynou , Sene Modou , Tall Marème
Published: October 2022

The reproduction of Neochelon falcipinnis was studied in the Marine Protected Area (MPA) of Niamone-Kalounayes located in the Casamance estuary (Senegal) from July 2021 to June 2022. The results of this study are presented after twelve (12) months of experimental seine fishing. Reproductive parameters such as length-weight relationship, condition factor (K), sex ratio (SR), gonadosomatic index (GSI) and size at first maturity (Lm50) were determined. A total of 386 individuals (150 males, 221 females and 15 of undetermined sex) were sampled.  The sex ratio was in favour of females (0.68 or 1:1.47). The length-weight relationship showed a minor allometric growth with allometric coefficient b values of 2.70 for both sexes combined, 2.60 for males and 2.79 for females. The ANOVA test showed no significant difference in condition factor in males (P > 0.05). In contrast, in females, there was a significant difference at the beginning of the cold season (P < 0.05). The monthly change in gonadosomatic index associated with the different stages of sexual maturity indicated a breeding period in the dry season (May, June and July). Peaks of sexual maturity are observed in June for both sexes. Sizes at first sexual maturity were 18 cm for males and 19 cm for females. These results, obtained provide information on the reproduction of Neochelon falcipinnis that can help in decision-making for better management of the resource.
Factors Affecting Project Performance of Building Construction Projects in Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Oghomwen Simon-Eigbe, Bridget , Ihensekhie Aiminhiefe, Margaret , Osamudiamen Bamidele, Bankole
Published: October 2022

Aim: This study identifies factors that influence construction project performance, evaluated the factors and examined the impact of these factors with a view to help owners, consultants, and contractors overcome performance problems and improve construction project performance and recommend modalities for enhancing the effective implementation of construction project objectives.

Study Design: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was adopted in this study.

Place and Duration of Study: Purposive sampling technique was used to elicit 100 copies of questionnaires from contractors, architects, clients, engineers and builders in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria between June 2019 and April 2022.

Results: The data was analysed using frequency, percentile, and relative importance index (RII) to rank factors. The results show that the top three cost-factors affecting project performance are escalation of material prices, design changes, and discrepancies in contract documents; the top three time-factors that affect project performance are: non-availability of resources as planned throughout project, slow decision making and time required to implement variation orders; the top three quality-factors affecting project performance are the availability of experienced and qualified personnel, deficiencies in coordination and lack of managers involvement in decision making. The study also revealed that, the top three factors for “others” category of factors that influence project performance are frequent staff development; good staff motivation and staff attitudes on the project. Finally, the study revealed the top three modalities to ensure effective project performance: frequent progress reviews; comprehensive contract management and dedicated leadership and management.

Conclusion: The paper shows among others that the factors affecting project performance are rising material prices, design changes, discrepancies in contract documents and slow resource availability as planned throughout the project. To ensure effective implementation of construction project objectives in the industry the study recommends among other things that stakeholders need to have a clear mission and vision to formulate, implement and evaluate their performance. Also, regular progress reviews should be carried out to ensure that clear decisions are made timely to ensure construction process proceeds as planned.
De Novo Gastric Acid Secretion Mediated by Dietary Acrylamide Induced Oxidative Stress in Stomach Tissue of Experimental Rats
Authors: Onwuka Osah Martins , Nkpurukwe Constance Ihuoma , Ajuzie Godson Chukwuemeka
Published: October 2022

Background: Acrylamide input on gastric mucosa lesion is known but not fully elucidated. In this study the impact of dietary acrylamide on gastric acid secretion; an aggressive factor capable of causing erosion of the stomach tissue was evaluated to explain possible reason why acrylamide could induce gastric mucosa lesion. Thus, the study focuses on the impact of dietary acrylamide on gastric acid secretion and its association with mucosa lesion.

Materials and Methods: Fifteen (15) male Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped into three groups (n = 5). Group 1 (control) was fed with standard rat diet, Group 2 and 3 were fed with standard rat diet contaminated with acrylamide doses (7.5mg/kg and 15mg/kg respectively) reported to compromise gastric mucosa integrity. The experimental animals were allowed free access to their various feed and drinking water ad libitum for 4 weeks. Impact of the dietary acrylamide on gastric acid secretion, gastric acidity and stomach tissue oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and Catalase, CAT) were determined.

Results: Average dietary consumption across the groups was 90.88% per week. Acrylamide contaminated diet significantly increased gastric acid secretion and gastric acidity in a dose dependent manner when compared to control, P<0.01. Dietary acrylamide also induced oxidative stress on stomach tissues by significantly increasing MDA as well as decreasing SOD, GPx, and CAT of the stomach in a dose dependent manner when compared to control, P<0.01.

Conclusion: Findings from the study suggests that oxidative stress induced on stomach tissue by dietary acrylamide could be as a result of the increase in gastric acid secretion and gastric acidity observed.
Performance of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Variety Megha Turmeric-1 in Various Districts of Assam
Authors: Dutta Shourov , Baruah Bhaskar , Nath Lipika , Gogoi Sukanya , Baruah Sudeshna , Dihingia Subhashree , Sarmah Angana , Neog Manoranjan , Pathak Prasanna Kumar
Published: October 2022

Aim: An experiment was conducted in the farmers’ field of various locations representing four agro climatic zones of Assam to assess the performance of Turmeric variety Megha Turmeric-1.

Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted by the Krishi Vigyan Kendras of Karbi Anglong, Udalguri, Barpeta, Darrang, Dibrugarh, Sivasagar and Sonitpur under Assam Agricultural University.

Results: The study revealed that the plant was 175.24 cm tall with 10 numbers of leaves on main shoot. Additionally, the leaf lamina length and width were found to be 54.08 cm and 15.18 cm respectively from the study. The leaf disposition was erect with distant venation and wavy leaf margin. Moreover, the rhizomes were found to have distant inter nodal pattern along with tertiary rhizomes. The crop recorded higher yield 249.63 quintal per hectare against the local varieties in all the locations.

Conclusion: From the study, it can be inferred that the farmers may adoptMegha Turmeric-1 over their local varieties for better yield and returns.
Comparative Efficacy of Selected Chemicals and Biopesticides against Fall Army Worm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) on Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Ramesh M. , Tayde Anoorag R.
Published: October 2022

A field trail was conducted at Cental Research Farm, SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj, U.P. during kharif season of 2021 in Randomised Block Design with eight treatments were evaluated against, Spodoptera frugiperda i.e., Spinetoram 11.7%SC @0.9ml/lit, Chlorantraniliprole 18.5%SC @0.4ml/lit, Flubendiamide 39.35%SC @0.24ml/lit, Emamectin benzoate 5%SG @0.4g/lit, Neem oil 2% @5mi/lit, NPV @0.5ml/lit, Novaluron 10%EC @1ml/lit and control plot. First and second spray were carried with 15 days interval, the results revealed that, among the different treatments Spinetoram 11.7%SC, (4.93) was most effective treatment over the control followed by Chlorantraniliprole 18.5%SC (6.24), Flubendiamide 39.35% SC (6.42), Emamectin benzoate 5%SG (6.90), Novaluron 10%EC (8.13), NPV (8.28) and Neem oil 2% (8.37). Spinetoram 11.7%SC showing a highest yield of (41.10q/ha) against the control yielding up to (22.31q/ha) at the same time  among the treatments studied, the best and most economical treatment was Spinetoram 11.7%SC (1:1.79), followed by Chlorantraniliprole 18.5%SC (1:1.78), Flubendiamide 39.35%SC (1:1.77), Emamectin benzoate 5%SG (1:1.74), Novaluron 10%EC (1:1.68), NPV (1:1.60) and Neem oil 2% (1:1.44) when compared to control plot (1:1.25).
Pattern of Drug Resistance among Patients with Tuberculous Pleural Effusion in Tb Culture & Drug Susceptibility Laboratory, Jamnagar, India
Authors: Sojitra Pratiksha , Parmar Rashmika , Shingala Hitesh K. , Jethva Swati , Mankodi Payal
Published: October 2022

Background: Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is among the most common forms of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. India is such country which is classified as the highest multi drug resistance burden overall. There is limited information available regarding the drug resistance patterns in TPE, especially from high burden countries. This can be due to difficulty in obtaining specimens and limited facilities for drug susceptibility testing.

Aims and Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the culture positivity rate of tuberculous pleural effusion and detection of drug resistant pattern associated with it.

Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of 469 Pleural effusion samples from suspected patients from January 2020 to December 2021 at the TB Culture & Drug Susceptibility Laboratory attached to a tertiary care center, Jamnagar was done. Samples processed for CBNAAT followed by liquid culture. Positive culture isolates were checked for drug resistance in First Line-Line Probe Assay (for Rifampicin and Isoniazid) and Second Line- Line Probe assay (for Flouroquinolones and second line injectable drugs Amikacin, Capreomycin, Kanamycin).

Results: Culture positivity rate was seen 7.03%. Among these, Rifampicin resistance was 9.09 % and isoniazid resistance was 12.1%. Resistance to Fluoroquinolones was 33.33% and no resistance seen to second line injectable drugs. No MDR-TB or XDR-TB detected in present study.

Conclusion: In our present study we have found that there is an increase trend of resistance to Anti-TB drugs which needs atmost attention and necessary steps have to be taken in early diagnosis and in administration of drug therapy among the patients in whom pleural TB is being suspected. For this Novel molecular techniques can help in early diagnosis and treatment to prevent disease progression and amplification of resistance.