bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Dynamic Characteristics of a Listening Room
Authors: Nobari Ali S.
Published: December 2024

Dynamic characteristics of a room play a significant role in its acoustic performance. Among other dynamic parameters, the resonance frequency and modal damping are two most important factors in a room’s acoustic behavior and the efficiency of the active/passive absorbers used to control that behavior. In this paper, the experimental modal analysis (EMA) techniques will be exploited for the purpose of identification of the resonance and modal damping of a listening room, using different excitation sources and various room configurations and the accuracy of the results will be examined.
On average behavior of Hecke eigenvalues over arithmetic progressions
Authors: Wang Youjun
Published: December 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be a given integer. Let [Formula: see text] be a normalized primitive holomorphic cusp form of even integral weight for the full modular group [Formula: see text]. Denote by [Formula: see text] the [Formula: see text]th normalized coefficient of the Dirichlet expansion of the [Formula: see text]th symmetric power [Formula: see text]-function [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we are interested in the average behavior of [Formula: see text] over arithmetic progressions.
Rational spherical triangles
Authors: Wang Haiyang
Published: December 2024

A rational spherical triangle is a triangle on the unit sphere such that the lengths of its three sides and its area are rational multiples of [Formula: see text]. Little and Coxeter have given examples of rational spherical triangles in the 1980s. In this work, we are interested in determining all the rational spherical triangles. We introduce a conjecture on the solutions to a trigonometric Diophantine equation. An implication of the conjecture is that the only rational spherical triangles are the ones given by Little and Coxeter. We prove some partial results towards the conjecture.
Effect of δ-Potential on Electron-Momentum Filter Based on Hybrid δ-Magnetic-Barrier and Rectangular-Electric-Barrier Nanostructure
Authors: Kong Yong-Hong , Fu Xi , Li Ai-Hua
Published: December 2024

A hybrid magnetic-electric-barrier nanostructure consisting of a [Formula: see text]-magnetic-barrier and a rectangular-electric-barrier can be constructed by patterning a half-infinitely wide ferromagnetic stripe and a Schottky-metal stripe on the surface of GaAs/AlxGa[Formula: see text]As. This hybrid nanostructure was recently demonstrated to act as an electron-momentum filter. Here, we introduce a tunable [Formula: see text]-potential by the atomic-layer doping to manipulate this momentum filter. The wave-vector filtering is found to be associated with this [Formula: see text]-doping, since the effective potential experienced by electrons in the device depends on the [Formula: see text]-potential. It also is found that the wave-vector filtering efficiency can be effectively controlled by changing the weight or position of the [Formula: see text]-doping. These interesting findings may be useful for designing structurally manipulable electron-momentum filters for nanoelectronics device applications.
Robust Formation Control of Quadrotor UAVs: A Fully-Actuated Control Approach
Authors: Liu Zhihao , Li Peng
Published: December 2024

In this work, a fully actuated system (FAS) control scheme for the quadrotor UAV formation is designed. Deploying the FAS techniques, two controllers are designed for position and angle tracking so that the UAV formation is driven along the given trajectory with enhanced internal stability. Considering the scenario where the environment disturbances and actuator faults affect UAV systems, an extended state observer (ESO) is designed to estimate the uncertainty. Subsequently, the effect of the fault and uncertainty is compensated in the FAS controller to enhance the accuracy. As a result, the proposed formation coordination controller ensures that the UAV team completes the desired flight mission. According to the simulation results, the proposed method is more accurate and robust against the disturbance and fault with the accurate estimation compared with traditional methods.
Ecological Influences on Informal Property Rights: Experimental Evidence
Authors: Kimbrough Erik O.
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the possibility that informal property right systems evolve unique features as a function of the characteristics of the resources over which they are established. We develop an experimental environment that allows us to test this hypothesis by comparing the emergence of property in (virtual) land when resource yields are either high- or low-variance and renewable or non-renewable. Previous research suggests that high-variance resources may lead to relatively insecure claims to property. Intuition suggests that this may be amplified when those resources are renewable. The experiments confirm that informal property rights adapt to resource characteristics in a manner largely consistent with these predictions.
A Lady with Generalized Nodular Lesions
Authors: Wong Ho Tung , Chay Tin Wai , Au Chi Kit , Lai Tin Lok
Published: December 2024

This clinical quiz discusses a condition that can cause generalized nodular lesions, its underlying immunological reactions, and its management.
Applying ChatGPT and AI‐Powered Tools to Accelerate Evidence Reviews
Authors: Nguyen-Trung Kien , Saeri Alexander K. , Kaufman Stefan
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools have been used to improve the productivity of evidence review and synthesis since at least 2016, with EPPI‐Reviewer and Abstrackr being two prominent examples. However, since the release of ChatGPT by OpenAI in late 2022, the use of generative AI for research, especially for text‐based data analysis, has exploded. In this article, we used a critical reflection approach to document and evaluate the capacity of different generative AI tools such as ChatGPT, GPT for Google Sheets and Docs, Casper AI, and ChatPDF to assist in the early stages of a rapid evidence review process. Our results demonstrate that these tools can boost research productivity in formulating search strings and screening literature, but they have some notable weaknesses, including producing inconsistent results and occasional errors. We recommend that researchers exercise caution when using generative AI technologies by designing a thorough research strategy and review protocol to ensure effective monitoring and quality control.
Dehydroevodiamine Alleviates Doxorubicin‐Induced Cardiomyocyte Injury by Regulating Neuregulin‐1/ErbB Signaling
Authors: Jie Song , Wenying Guo , Lebo Sun
Published: December 2024

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used antitumor drug; however, its use is limited by the risk of serious cardiotoxicity. Dehydroevodiamine (DHE) is a quinazoline alkaloid which has antiarrhythmic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of DHE on doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) and its potential mechanism.

Materials and Methods: Rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to DOX for 24 h to establish a DOX‐induced cardiomyocyte injury model. DHE and ErbB inhibitor AG1478 were used to treat H9c2 cells to investigate their effects. Cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays were used to evaluate cell viability. Flow cytometry and caspase‐3 activity assay were used to detect apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis‐related proteins and neuregulin‐1 (NRG1)/ErbB pathway–related proteins. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress were also detected, respectively. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect mRNA expression levels of hub genes.

Results: DHE enhanced cardiomyocyte viability and decreased LDH release in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner. DHE also significantly inhibited DOX‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the protective mechanism of DHE against DIC was related to ErbB signaling pathway. DOX treatment significantly reduced NRG1, p‐ErbB2, and p‐ErbB4 protein expression levels in cardiomyocytes, while DHE pretreatment reversed this effect. ErbB inhibitor AG1478 reversed the protective effect of DHE on cardiomyocytes.

Conclusion: DHE protects cardiomyocytes against DOX by regulating NRG1/ErbB pathway. DHE may be a potential agent for the prevention and treatment of DIC.
Assessment of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms and Health‐Related Quality of Life in Rosacea Patients: A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Seetan Khaled , Gablan Mohammad , Alnaimi Mohammad , Alhazaimeh Daleen , Younes Mohammad Bani , Alnaimi Ahmad , Qablan Almutazballlah
Published: December 2024

Background: Rosacea, a chronic facial dermatosis, poses a substantial global prevalence burden. Its impact extends beyond physical symptoms, affecting patient quality of life, self‐esteem, and psychosocial functioning. This study aims to assess the health‐related quality of life and emotional well‐being in Jordanian rosacea patients in comparison to healthy controls.

Methods: A case‐control study, matching for age and sex, was conducted among rosacea patients attending the outpatient department at a governmental secondary hospital in the north of Jordan between September 2022 and November 2023. Adult patients with a confirmed rosacea diagnosis for a duration of ≥ 3 months were paired with healthy controls. Health‐related quality of life, anxiety, and depression were evaluated using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), respectively. Disease severity was assessed using the Clinician’s Erythema Assessment (CEA) grading system.

Results: The study included 198 rosacea patients and 198 healthy controls. Rosacea patients exhibited significantly higher DLQI scores (mean 11.32 ± 5.4) compared to controls (mean 4.28 ± 2.3), indicating diminished quality of life. Subscale analysis revealed prominent differences in symptoms/feelings and daily activities. Additionally, rosacea patients reported elevated scores on the HADS anxiety (mean 9.38 ± 3.2) and depression (mean 8.19 ± 4.3) subscales in contrast to controls (mean 3.88 ± 2.18 and mean 3.41 ± 1.87, respectively). More than half (57%) of rosacea patients experienced moderate or severe anxiety, and nearly a third (31%) reported moderate or severe depression. Regression analyses revealed that higher disease severity significantly predicted worse quality of life (β = 0.384), anxiety (β = 0.352), and depression (β = 0.312).

Conclusion: The study demonstrated that rosacea patients in Jordan experience significantly diminished quality of life and higher rates of anxiety and depression compared to healthy controls. Disease severity and multiple facial lesions emerged as strong predictors of poor psychological outcomes, while female gender increased vulnerability and longer disease duration showed a protective effect. These findings emphasize the need for routine psychological screening and a holistic treatment approach, particularly for newly diagnosed patients with severe disease manifestations.
Guild Dynamics and Pathogen Interactions in Hyalomma Ticks From Algerian Cattle
Authors: Abdelali Salma Kaoutar , Aissaoui Lynda , Maitre Apolline , Piloto-Sardiñas Elianne , Julie Constance , Foucault-Simonin Angélique , Moutailler Sara , Galon Clemence , Mateos-Hernández Lourdes , Obregon Dasiel , Zając Zbigniew , Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro
Published: December 2024

Ticks are pivotal in transmitting a variety of pathogens that affect both humans and animals. These pathogens often occur in guilds, groups of species that exploit similar resources in similar ways. Although the composition of tick‐borne pathogen (TBP) guilds is well‐documented, the interactions among pathogens within these guilds remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that abiotic and biotic factors significantly influence the patterns of occurrence and interactions among pathogens within these guilds. To investigate this, we analyzed microfluidic‐based high‐throughput data on microorganisms from 166 Hyalomma excavatum ticks (94 male and 72 female) collected across different seasons from cattle in the central Algerian steppe using network analysis to uncover complex pathogen–pathogen interaction patterns. We found that female ticks had a higher infection rate (63.9%) with common pathogens such as Rickettsia slovaca (26.4%), unclassified Apicomplexa (22.2%), and Borrelia afzelii (19.4%). Male ticks showed a 56.4% infection rate, with Rickettsia (31.1%) and R. slovaca (16%) being the most prevalent. Notable pathogen–pathogen interactions within guilds were identified, with positive associations such as between R. slovaca and Rickettsia conorii in males, and B. afzelii and Borrelia spielmanii in females, indicating cooperative interactions. Conversely, negative associations, such as between Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Francisella tularensis, suggested competitive exclusion. The observed variation in interaction patterns under different conditions indicates that ecological determinants, both biotic and abiotic, influence pathogen association dynamics within guilds. These findings have significant implications for understanding disease transmission and developing control strategies.
The Coordinated Mining Technology of Coal and Gas in Outburst Coal Seams
Authors: Hu Chaowen , Wang Jianjun , Zhang Feng , Hu Bing , Zhang Jinshan
Published: December 2024

With the increase of mining depth, the gas management problem in coal and gas outburst mine is more prominent. At the same time, gas is used as a clean resource to mine together with coal which is to realize the simultaneous extraction of coal and gas more practical significance. The relation between coal mining and gas extraction is mutually reinforcing and restricting. It is of great theoretical significance and application value to study simultaneous extraction of coal and gas technique optimization. The Qidong Coal Mine of the Wanbei Coal and Electricity Group is a coal and gas outburst mine. The spacing of the coal seam is small, the occurrence conditions are complex, and the mining is difficult. This study used theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and engineering analogy to investigate the coordinated mining technology of coal and gas in outburst coal seams.
Changes in Serum Protein Profile in Laying Hens Housed in a Cage‐Free System
Authors: Tóthová Csilla , Sesztáková Edina , Galiková Blanka , Glembová Veronika , Oršuľaková Veronika , Nagy Oskar
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study was to characterize the distribution of serum proteins in laying hens reared under cage‐free open farm conditions and to evaluate the changes in the concentrations of serum protein fractions throughout the 1‐year laying period. Ten Dekalb White white‐egg–laying hens were blood sampled from the wing vein at 17, 22, 29, 38, 50, 60, and 70 weeks of age. Egg laying was observed at 18 weeks of age. The average daily egg production in the initial phase of laying (week 22) was 6.3, reaching the maximum (8.5 eggs) in week 38. After a slight decrease, from week 60, the egg production increased repeatedly and stayed relatively constant till the end of the study (8.1–8.3 eggs). The serum samples were analyzed for the concentrations of total proteins and the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins. Five protein fractions were identified on the serum protein electrophoretogram of the hens, including albumin, α1‐, α2‐, β‐, and γ‐globulins. The size and shape of the fractions differed significantly according to the stage of the laying period. Significant changes were detected in the ratio of all individual protein fractions as well as in the concentrations of total proteins and protein fractions. The concentrations of total proteins, albumin, α2‐, β‐, and γ‐globulins decreased significantly after the beginning of egg production compared to values recorded before laying (p < 0.05) and started to increase after reaching the maximum egg production in week 38. The A/G ratios were higher before and at the beginning of the laying period, and the lowest values were obtained in weeks with the highest egg production. These findings suggest that the beginning of egg production is the most critical period in the laying cycle of hens reared under alternative farming conditions characterized by the most marked alterations in the serum protein profile.
Assessment of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults
Authors: Shitole Sanyog G. , Heckbert Susan R. , Marcus Gregory M. , Shah Sanjiv J. , Sotoodehnia Nona , Walston Jeremy D. , Reiner Alexander P. , Tracy Russell P. , Psaty Bruce M. , Kizer Jorge R.
Published: December 2024

Background

Available evidence supports the importance of inflammation in atrial fibrillation (AF) pathogenesis, yet general anti‐inflammatory therapies have failed to show benefit for prevention of the arrhythmia. Better understanding of the specific inflammatory pathways involved is necessary to advance therapeutics.

Methods and Results

We evaluated 9 circulating markers of inflammation measured by immunoassays and incidence of AF in a population‐based older cohort. Biomarkers included measures of general inflammation and the NLR (nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptor) family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome, TNF‐α (tumor necrosis factor α), monocyte activation markers, and sIL‐2 (soluble interleukin‐2). Among 5726 participants (median age 72 years), 1836 developed AF over median follow‐up of 11.5 years. After adjustment for conventional risk factors, 5 biomarkers were positively associated with incident AF: IL‐6 (interleukin‐6), hazard ratio (HR), 1.14 (95% CI, 1.07–1.21); hs‐CRP (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein), HR, 1.05 (95% CI, 1.01–1.09); white blood cell count, HR, 1.18 (95% CI, 1.04–1.35); sTNFR1 (soluble TNF receptor 1), HR, 1.21 (95% CI, 1.05–1.39); and sIL‐2Rα (sIL‐2 receptor α), HR, 1.16 (95% CI, 1.05–1.29) (all per doubling of biomarker). sCD14, sCD163, IL‐18, and IL‐1 receptor antagonist showed no association with AF. Upon concurrent adjustment for all biomarkers, only IL‐6 remained significantly associated with the arrhythmia, HR, 1.17 (95% CI, 1.07–1.26).

Conclusions

Among older adults, IL‐6, hs‐CRP, white blood cell count, sTNFR1, and sIL‐2Rα were positively associated with incident AF, but only IL‐6 retained significance on concurrent adjustment. These findings newly document associations for sTNFR1 and sIL‐2Rα and lend support to a preeminent role for IL‐6 in development of this arrhythmia. The efficacy of IL‐6 blockade for AF prevention awaits completion of appropriate clinical trials.
Johann Jakob Bodmers anthologische Ausgaben des Codex Manesse (Zürich 1748; 1758/59)
Authors: Bleuler Anna Kathrin
Published: December 2024

J.J. Bodmer’s editions of the Codex Manesse (produced in Zurich around 1300) from 1748 and 1758/59 are examples of early modern German-language lyric anthologies. They lend themselves to discussing the central thesis of this volume, according to which early modern lyric anthologies were relevant for cultural-political interventions and consequently for canon-formation processes, insofar as – as will be shown – they exhibit a distinctly ideological-programmatic character. In order to work this out, Bodmer’s work will first be contextualized by examining his motivation for scrutinizing the German language, literature and culture of the Middle Ages as well as the historical images, discourse and thought traditions in which he was embedded. Bodmer’s editions are then examined with regard to their function and their significance in the history of reception.
State-Sponsored Qurʾanic Exegesis: a Comparative Analysis of Turkiye’s and Indonesia’s Official Tafsir
Authors: Mursyid Achmad Yafik , Nahdiyati Aeni
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze the official Tafsir in Turkiye and Indonesia within their respective socio-political contexts. Official Tafsir, such as “Kurʾan Yolu” in Turkiye and “Al-Qurʾan dan Tafsirnya” (QDT) in Indonesia, reflects state intervention in shaping religious discourse, differing from traditional Tafsir. This study identifies three main features of official Tafsir: exclusivity, collectivity, and responsiveness. The exclusivity in the official exegesis in both countries is influenced by the dominant madhhab (Hanafi in Turkiye and Shafiʾi in Indonesia), reflecting government efforts to standardize religious understanding in line with state interests. The research employs a comparative methodological approach, using primary data from official exegesis texts and secondary literature on political and cultural history in both countries. The findings indicate that official exegesis in Turkiye and Indonesia not only serves as a tool to maintain religious orthodoxy but also as an instrument for the state to address emerging social and legal issues. This study provides insights into the complex interplay between politics, culture, and religious interpretation, emphasizing the importance of maintaining inclusivity in religious discourse to meet the diverse needs of society.
Semantic Extensions of the Body Part Mkono in Kiswahili
Authors: Goodness Devet
Published: December 2024

In the course of everyday conversations, and in social media contributions online, the body part mkono [hand] in Kiswahili occurs in many idiomatic guises. Mkono is used to convey figurative meanings through metonymy, metaphor, personification and idiom. Expressions containing mkono perform various functions including the display of unity, provision of material or financial support, expressing reasons as the basis for concluding an argument, and for accepting something. Mkono is highly personified and its use occurs in religion, politics, and informal daily interactions.
Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae)
Authors: SALAZAR-VALLEJO SERGIO I. , PIOTROWSKI CHRISTINA N. , PAULAY GUSTAV
Published: December 2024

The only revision of Iphione was made by Pettibone in 1986, who recognized four species including two newly described in that work: I. muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) (type species), I. ovata Kinberg, 1856, I. treadwelli Pettibone, 1986, and I. henshawi Pettibone, 1986. She included I. fimbriata de Quatrefages, 1866, I. glabra de Quatrefages, 1866, and I. fustis Hoagland, 1920 within I. muricata, and I. spinosa Kinberg, 1856 and I. hirotai Izuka, 1912 in I. ovata. Three other species were later added to the genus: I. reticulata Amoureux, Rullier & Fishelson, 1978 from the Red Sea, I. coriolis Hanley & Burke, 1991 from the Coral Sea, and I. malifera Piotrowski, 2014 from the Philippines. A recent contribution showed that I. ovata ranges from the Red Sea to the Eastern Pacific and includes I. spinosa and I. reticulata. Our objectives were to revise the genus, evaluating all species and describing new ones by assessing the relevance of morphological features, assisted in part with COI sequence data. We studied the morphology of type and non-type material from 18 institutions and sequenced 52 specimens representing 11 species. We found that the size and position of eyes, the size relationships between cephalic appendages, and the number of rows of macrotubercles in elytra vary with body size. The most relevant diagnostic features for species delineation, confirmed by genetic species delineation, are the type and size relationships of macrotubercles, the presence of fimbriae, the development of the basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores, the type of neurochaetae (falcate versus acicular), and their tips (uni- vs bidentate; or simple vs hooded). We clarified the type species of the genus as I. ovata, and recognized 17 species, nine previously described and eight new. Our main results include: 1) the restriction of I. muricata; 2) the reinstatement of I. fimbriata including I. fustis; 3) redescriptions of I. coriolis, I. henshawi and I. treadwelli; and 4) the description of eight new species: I. ankeri sp. nov. from Guam, I. corbari sp. nov. from the Saya de Malha Bank, I. harrisae sp. nov. from French Polynesia, I. hourdezi sp. nov. from New Caledonia, I. hyndmani sp. nov. from Hong Kong, I. readi sp. nov. from the Red Sea (including many earlier records of I. muricata), I. richeri sp. nov. from New Caledonia, and I. wilsoni sp. nov. from Australia. Descriptions the eight newly described species include only one based upon a single specimen. Keys are included for the genera in the family, and species of Iphione.
Homeless in Their Own Home: Bulgarian Muslims After 1878
Authors: Fijołek-Kwaśniewska Katarzyna
Published: December 2024

Homeless in Their Own Home: Bulgarian Muslims After 1878
This article is a review of the study entitled Muzułmanie w Bułgarii 1878–1912 [Muslims in Bulgaria 1878–1912], authored by Krzysztof Popek (Kraków, 2022, pp. 562). This book outlines not only the history of the Muslim migrations and the legal status of Muslims in the newly established state, but also their participation in basic social areas such as administration, media, education, culture, etc.
 
Bezdomni we własnym domu. Bułgarscy muzułmanie po 1878
Recenzja monografii naukowej Muzułmanie w Bułgarii. 1878–1912 autorstwa Krzysztofa Popka (Kraków, 2022, 562 ss.). Książka stanowi skrupulatne opracowanie przedstawiające nie tylko historię migracji muzułmańskich i status prawny muzułmanów w nowo powstałym państwie, ale także ich udział w podstawowych obszarach społecznych, takich jak administracja, media, oświata, kultura itp.
Generalized Malmquist orthogonal functions based model predictive control
Authors: Spasić Miodrag , Mitić Darko , Antić Dragan , Danković Nikola , Nikolić Saša S
Published: December 2024

The computational burden could be an issue of traditional model predictive control (MPC) in real-time applications. There are different procedures to cope with this problem such as using explicit MPC or approximation of the control inputs using orthogonal-basis functions. This paper presents the design procedure and experimental validation of a generalized discrete-time Malmquist orthogonal functions-based model predictive control (MbMPC) whose usage can decrease calculation concerns. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time the Malmquist functions are introduced into the MPC design. The discrete-time orthogonal Malmquist functions properties are used within this approach for approximating the future control input increments with a smaller number of parameters than in traditional MPC approaches. It is shown that the satisfactory controller and closed-loop system performances can be achieved using smaller number of tuning parameters. The performance of the proposed MbMPC is shown and compared with discrete-time Laguerre orthogonal functions based MPC (LbMPC) applied to a DC motor servo system. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate better IAE, ITAE, ISE and ITSE controller performance indices as well as faster average calculation time in comparison with the LbMPC approach. Additionally, the advantage of using the proposed method is emphasized by showing how the length of the prediction horizon affects the computational burden in comparison to the traditional MPC approaches.
Developing a stochastic linear elastic material model and composite laminate theory including failures, using the fiber bundle–based approach—Part II: Stochastic composite laminate theory
Authors: Vas László Mihály , Tamás Péter
Published: December 2024

Using the fiber bundle cells (FBCs)-based stochastic material model developed in the first part of this paper, we derived a stochastic version of the classical composite laminate theory (SCLT) for controlled multiaxial deformation, where the strength parameters are stochastic variables. This model (SCLT) enables to describe both the deformation and the damage processes in each lamina up to the ultimate failure. By discussing some examples of simpler tensile load, we demonstrate the applicability of the results.
Secrecy in intimate relationships: Rethinking transparency and deceit in monogamies and non-monogamies
Authors: Klesse Christian , van Hooff Jenny
Published: December 2024

This article foregrounds the role of secrets in creating, maintaining and disrupting intimacy. We extend sociological theorising on secrecy by demonstrating the operative role of secrets, across the entire relational spectrum within the non/monogamy system. The focus on non/monogamy is particularly revealing, as questions about secrecy and deceit are intensely charged with moral meanings. Ultimately, we argue that secrecy is an integral and constitutive part of intimate practice. Building on Simmel’s work on deceit and lying, and its recent adaptations within the sociology of secrecy and critical theory, we assert that practices of secrecy should be central to the study of intimacy and the sociology of personal life. The distinction between consensual non-monogamy (e.g. polyamory) and non-consensual non-monogamy (such as affairs) tends to focus on mutual disclosure and transparency as key markers of difference. We take an important step in challenging the dichotomy of secrecy and transparency, showing that strategies of secrecy are implicated in the production of both monogamies or non-monogamies, whether consensual or not.
Mission and global governance: A Convergence of pneumatology and human flourishing
Authors: Johnston David L.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this paper is to connect a thread of ecumenical pneumatology with a view of Christian mission actively engaged with global governance. This thread starts with the Holy Spirit working in creation, continuing in and through human history, and finally bringing the whole created order, human and nonhuman, into Christ’s New Heavens and New Earth. A special emphasis is given to the Indian missiologist Samuel Rayan (1920-2019) and German theologian Jürgen Moltmann. In this light, efforts after WWII to found the United Nations, draft the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), work for peace and development, and especially the current global convergence behind the Sustainable Development Goals – all these efforts, despite their dysfunctions and weaknesses, should be seen as signs of God’s Spirit sowing values already stamped on human beings at creation and marked for redemption and renewal in the Kingdom to come at the Parousia. Christians can be found at all levels of global governance, from politicians and diplomats at all levels of the G7, G20 and various UN summits, to those working at the UN, or in various NGOs or in the business community. Many more are needed.
A Thematic Analysis of Low-Income African American Fathers’ Meta-Emotion Interview Responses
Authors: Brown Deon W. , Bryant Summer , Lozada Fantasy T. , Bocknek Erika , Brophy-Herb Holly
Published: December 2024

This study explored African American fathers’ beliefs about and experiences with their own and their children’s negative emotions. Participants included 58 African American fathers in the Midwestern region of the United States between the ages of 29 and 40 ( M age = 30.94). Participants completed the Meta-Emotion Interview, a semi-structured interview of parents’ and their children’s negative emotion. A theoretical thematic analysis of participants’ responses to a subset of Meta-Emotion Interview questions about sadness and anger was conducted. Five themes of African American fathers’ beliefs about and experiences with their own and their children’s negative emotions were interpreted: (1) responsibility for children’s emotions, (2) complex relationship with anger, (3) reckoning negative emotions, (4) children at the center, and (5) actively working through emotions. Taken together, these five themes demonstrate that African American fathers recognize the inherent value of negative emotions while navigating the potential harm these emotions may bring to self and others. Furthermore, the findings provide insight into the role of African American fathers in parental emotion socialization processes.
Multiple Reputations: Selective Attention to Competence and Character
Authors: de La Trobe Alexandra V. T. , Brown Gordon D. A. , Walasek Lukasz
Published: December 2024

Reputation is multidimensional, with some traits being more relevant than others in particular contexts. Can people selectively respond to reputational cues relevant to the task at hand? Across three studies, we examined how people weigh cues about helpfulness and competence when forming expectations about strangers’ behavior. Using adapted investment games, we varied whether a stranger’s helpfulness or competence predicted participants’ future payoffs. We found that when helpfulness is task-relevant (Experiments 1 and 2), participants correctly use this cue in investment decisions. When competence matters most (Experiment 3), participants use it as the primary cue. Overall, a high reputation for outcome-irrelevant characteristics did not compensate for a low reputation for the outcome-relevant reputational cue. However, we also find an asymmetric spillover: Decision-makers prefer cooperating with others who are highly competent and highly helpful, regardless of task demands. We discuss our results within the theoretical framework of person perception and theories of reputation.
Research on aspect-based sentiment analysis of movie reviews based on deep learning
Authors: Mao Hanyue , Fan Yang , Tong Mingwen
Published: December 2024

Aspect-based sentiment analysis aims to extract the sentiment polarity of different aspects within a text. In recent years, most methods have relied on pre-trained language models such as BERT and Roberta to learn semantic representations from the context. However, in texts with ambiguous sentiment expression, the absence of domain knowledge guidance may lead pre-trained language models to miss critical information, and the attention mechanism might incorrectly focus on text that is irrelevant to the aspect categories. To address these issues, this study integrates the ontology of movie reviews to construct an aspect-based sentiment analysis model based on the ERNIE(OMR-EBA). We annotated a new Chinese data set focused on movie reviews to evaluate the model’s performance. Experimental results show that our model achieves 86% accuracy in aspectual sentiment analysis, which is better than other baseline models. The movie review domain ontology and aspect-based sentiment analysis model proposed in this study can provide valuable reference and guidance for research in the field of online movie reviews. It can also help movie production teams understand genuine user sentiments, aiding in subsequent marketing and production efforts.
Prognostic impact of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in Egyptian breast cancer patients
Authors: Fouad Fayrouz A , Khali Mohamed A , Moaz Inas , Elmasry Hossam , Gheta Nada , Abdeen Asala , Tantawi Mariam , Elkholy Ganna , Rihan Shaimaa , Kamel Mahmoud M , EL-Kenawy Ayman EL-Meghawry , Abdel-Moneim Youssef AS , Gameel Abdallah M
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic relevance of MMP-2 and MMP-9 as biomarkers for breast cancer, as well as their association with clinicopathological factors. Breast cancer is a leading contributor to cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. The discovery of biomarkers is crucial for early diagnosis, outcome prediction, and effective treatment. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a significant role in various physiological and pathological activities, including development, tissue repair, inflammation, cancer spread, and metastasis. While the prognostic significance of MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in breast cancer has been studied, the findings remain inconclusive. Participants were divided into three groups, with each group consisting of 62 individuals: Group I comprised healthy controls, Group II consisted of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients (stage I-III), and Group III included patients with metastatic breast cancer. Levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were evaluated in these groups using the ELISA method. An evident increase in MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels was noted when comparing the control group with both the breast cancer and metastatic groups. Furthermore, a notable correlation was identified between serum MMP-9 levels and the pathological diagnosis of breast cancer ( P < 0.001) as well as tumor size ( P < 0.01). MMP-2 and MMP-9 have emerged as promising biomarkers for breast cancer, with MMP-9 specifically associated with disease prognosis. Continued investigation into the anti-tumor mechanisms of MMPs may yield significant advancements in the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for the management of breast cancer.
Sleep and Depressive Symptoms in Sedentary Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Sleep Complaints: Findings From Ambulatory Sleep EEG
Authors: Huang Jing , McPhillips Miranda V. , Li Mengchi , Spira Adam P. , Calderon Russell , Li Junxin
Published: December 2024

Background

There is limited and inconsistent evidence on the association between electroencephalography (EEG) measured sleep and depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between EEG-measured sleep and depressive symptoms.

Methods

Using baseline data from a randomized clinical trial, we included 66 sedentary community-dwelling older adults with sleep complaints (≥ 1 self-reported insomnia symptom). Sleep was measured using an in-home sleep EEG (Sleep Profiler™) for 2 nights and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used to measure depressive symptoms. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted with each sleep parameter as the primary predictor and GDS score as the outcome, adjusting for age, sex, race, education, marital status, chronic conditions, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score.

Results

Several sleep variables were associated with depressive symptoms (GDS score), including a higher percentage of sleep stage N1 (B = 0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02 – 0.20) and N2 (B = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.00 – 0.08), a lower percentage of N3 sleep (B = −0.04, 95% CI: −0.08 to −0.01), greater wake after sleep onset (B = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00 – 0.02), and a greater number of awakenings ≥90s/hour (B = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.21-1.53).

Conclusions

Our study reveals that among sedentary community-dwelling older adults with sleep complaints, more lighter sleep (stage N1, N2), less deep (N3) sleep, and increased awakenings are associated with more depressive symptoms. Sleep interventions aimed at enhancing sleep architecture may also help alleviate depressive symptoms in this population.
Thermal and radiation effects on the cross-linking and mechanical properties of HNBR elastomers
Authors: Mammadov A.Kh.
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the enhancement of the properties of mixtures based on hydrogenated butadiene nitrile rubber (HNBR) under thermal, radiation and thermo-radiation effects by introducing into them the composition of chlorine-containing triazine and peroxide compounds (HCPX and ABTST) into the composition. It has been shown that radiation-chemical cross-linking and the formation of effective chemical cross-links in HNBR depend both on the absorbed dose of radiation and on the addition of vulcanizing agents. It has been established that the activity of hexachloroparaxylene (HCPX), dicumyl peroxide (DP) and triazine (ABTST) is not the same; the content of the gel increases markedly with increasing absorbed dose. A higher crosslinking density is observed for images subjected to thermo-radiation crosslinking. The change in the molecular structure of HNBR, observed both during heating and irradiation, has the same nature. It has been shown that the physical and mechanical properties of saturated radiation and thermal vulcanizates are practically inferior to thermo-radiation ones in strength.
Platform Labour as a Stepping Stone? Challenging the Dominant Narrative for Danish Housecleaning Platforms
Authors: Floros Konstantinos , Galis Vasilis
Published: December 2024

This article problematises the invocation of the stepping stone hypothesis for platform labour by Danish policymakers, namely the argument that digital labour platforms facilitate transitioning to typical employment, especially for groups of vulnerable workers. Tracing the origins of the stepping stone hypothesis back to the international literature on temporary work agencies and workfare policies triggered by neoliberal policy shifts, the article explores the ideological underpinning of the hypothesis in the Danish context, as Danish policymakers invoked it without possessing relevant data. This article questions the stepping stone narrative drawing on policy document analysis and expert interviews, but also on interviews with platform housecleaners, whose backgrounds, experiences, and aspirations indicate that they do not perceive platform labour as a stepping stone. Early Danish research on platform labour has not been premised on the workers’ perspectives. We claim that policymakers’ positive depiction of platform labour serves towards social and institutional stabilisation of technoprecarious – migrant – labour as a desired and inescapable future of work within the Danish labour market.
Dilated dynamic supervised contrastive learning framework for fault diagnosis under imbalanced dataset conditions
Authors: Yang Rui , Jia Shi , Wang Houliang , Yan Yinglong , Zhang Pengfei , An Zenghui
Published: December 2024

Deep learning-based fault diagnosis methods have achieved significant results. However, under actual working conditions, the inability of equipment to operate for long periods in a fault state results in a much smaller amount of collected fault data compared to normal data. This leads to existing fault diagnosis models being able to learn only limited diagnostic knowledge, causing a substantial decline in diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, a dilated dynamic supervised contrast learning framework for imbalanced data scenarios is proposed. In this framework, a dilated convolution network is designed as a feature extractor to enhance the feature extraction ability by changing the dilation rate. Then, the dynamic supervision loss function is designed, and the sample compensation factor of each category is given according to the frequency of sample used in the training process to enhance the contribution of the minority class and optimize the feature extractor. Finally, a dynamic cross-entropy loss function is designed to train the network and classifier to achieve accurate classification of faults. Experiments on two open-source datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed model framework.
Enhancing prediction of separation point location in thrust-optimized contoured nozzles with new realizability constants in the k-ω turbulence model
Authors: Khaled Bensayah , Khadidja Kamri
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study was to examine the capability of the realizable k–ω turbulence model to accurately predict the position of the separation point in hypersonic flows. While the two-equation k–ω model is suitable for predicting boundary flows with zero pressure gradients, its reliability decreases for flows with adverse pressure gradients, particularly in complex flows where normal stresses calculated using the Boussinesq approximation can become negative and “non-realizable” under high strain conditions. To address this problem, this study proposes a solution by introducing new variables in the Cμ formulation of the realizable model, which can limit eddy viscosity and enhance its sensitivity to the mean flow and turbulence models. We conducted numerical simulations and found that the realizable model produced improved results that were close to those of the experimental data. These findings highlight the potential of the new constants of the realizable k–ω turbulence model to accurately predict the location of compressible turbulent separation points in hypersonic flows.
Study on the effects of material hardening on the development of high-speed rail corrugation
Authors: Chen Shuai , Zhao Guotang , Zhao Lei , Wang Ping , Wang Hengyu
Published: December 2024

To investigate the effect of material hardening on corrugation development, a theoretical model for corrugation development is proposed, which incorporates the consideration of material properties’ variation. Experiments were conducted to reproduce the corrugation phenomenon, and the mechanical properties of the hardened layer in corrugated rail were obtained utilizing Nano-indentation experiment. The corrugation depth gradually increased and eventually stabilized with the increase of rolling cycles, and the corrugation troughs exhibit greater material hardening compared to the peaks. The numerical algorithm for the corrugation development model was developed and the processes of corrugation development under conditions with and without material hardening were simulated. The growth of corrugation calculated using the model without material hardening exhibits a continual exponential increase with the number of wheel passages, which does not agree with what was observed in experiments and in the field. However, when considering material hardening, the development process of corrugation could be accurately reproduced.
Subjects, aliens, and undesirables: Managing mobility and insecurity in the British Empire
Authors: Dey Nandini
Published: December 2024

How do states use migration control to track both foreign and domestic threats? This article approaches this question historically, examining colonial migration control policies employed by the British Empire in South Asia. Studying the imperial state reveals important antecedents for the contemporary migration regime and shows that empire states engaged in similar practices even as they were monitoring imperial rather than nation-state borders. Papers – in the form of identity documents such as passports that could be flagged – emerged as a critical tool in the quest to repress transnational solidarities and anti-colonial resistance. Examining the ways in which migration control was operationalized within the empire along with the logics guiding such regulation, this article argues that colonial migration control was deployed as a tool to target threats to the empire, not only those considered Britain’s enemies abroad but also British subjects and citizens. The pretext of collaboration with enemy aliens allowed the hardening of borders and an intensification in how they were policed. I argue that states use the justification of external or foreign threats to monitor internal or domestic threats. The colonial border did not merely serve as a tool to constrain the movement of enemy aliens or foreigners, but also to enable the surveillance of ‘undesirable’ British Indians who were considered suspicious. This article thus centers the imperial security perceptions that undergird the contemporary racialized migration regime and shows that these perceptions were crystallized at the height of empire.