bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic interactions between Protein Kinase D and Lobe mutants during eye development of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Maier Dieter , Nagel Anja C. , Preiss Anette
Published: December 2019

Background

InDrosophila,the development of the fly eye involves the activity of several, interconnected pathways that first define the presumptive eye field within the eye anlagen, followed by establishment of the dorso-ventral boundary, and the regulation of growth and apoptosis. InLobe (L)mutant flies, parts of the eye or even the complete eye are absent because the eye field has not been properly defined. Manifold genetic interactions indicate thatLinfluences the activity of several signalling pathways, resulting in a conversion of eye tissue into epidermis, and in the induction of apoptosis. As information on the molecular nature of theLmutation is lacking, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still an enigma.

Results

We have identified Protein Kinase D (PKD) as a strong modifier of theLmutant phenotype. PKD belongs to the PKC/CAMK class of Ser/Thr kinases that have been involved in diverse cellular processes including stress resistance and growth. Despite the many roles of PKD,Drosophila PKDnull mutants are without apparent phenotype apart from sensitivity to oxidative stress. Here we report an involvement ofPKDin eye development in the sensitized genetic background ofLobe. Absence ofPKDstrongly enhanced the dominant eye defects of heterozygousL2flies, and decreased their viability. Moreover, eye-specific overexpression of an activated isoform of PKD considerably ameliorated the dominantL2phenotype. This genetic interaction was not allele specific but similarly seen with three additional, weakerLalleles (L1, L5, LG), demonstrating its specificity.

Conclusions

We propose that PKD-mediated phosphorylation is involved in underlying processes causing theLphenotype, i.e. in the regulation of growth, the epidermal transformation of eye tissue and apoptosis, respectively.
Finite element analysis comparing WaveOne Gold and ProTaper Next endodontic file segments subjected to bending and torsional load
Authors: Ismail Amira Galal , Zaazou Mohamed Hussein Abdelfattah , Galal Manar , Kamel Nada Omar Mostafa , Nassar Mohamed Abdulla
Published: December 2019

Background

The objective of this study was to assess the bending and torsional properties of two nickel-titanium endodontic files with equivalent sizes and various designs and alloys using finite element analysis, ProTaper Next®X2 (PTN) size 25 with 0.06 taper and WaveOne Gold® (WOG) primary size 25 with 0.07 taper.

Methodology

Two-dimensional models of the two files PTN and WOG were created using computer tomography scanning and stereomicroscope to produce a three-dimensional digital model. Instrument behavior under bending or torsional conditions was numerically analyzed in SolidWorks software package.

Result

ProTaper Next® revealed higher flexibility than WaveOne Gold® when exposed to cantilever bending but showed higher stress accumulation than WOG. In terms of torsional resistance, PTN also revealed higher torsional resistance than WOG.

Conclusion

The geometry of the instrument, thermomechanical treatment of the alloy, and its composition affect the mechanical behavior (bending and torsion) of nickel titanium rotary files. Hence, being aware of these behavioral differences, each clinician will be able to use the adequate file according to the clinical situation in addition to the manufacturer’s instructions.
In vitro free radical scavenging and antidiabetic activity of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts: a comparative evaluation of Argyreia pierreana and Matelea denticulata
Authors: Gudise Venkataiah , Chowdhury Bimalendu , Manjappa Arehalli S.
Published: December 2019

Background

Oxidation is believed to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus by lipid peroxidation; DNA and protein damage leads to the development of vascular complications like coronary heart disease, stroke, neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. The herbal preparations are complementary and alternative medicines to allopathic drugs which are believed to cause adverse events. Therefore, the current study was aimed to identify the novel plants, which belong to the generaArgyreia(Argyreia pierreana(AP)) andMatelea(Matelea denticulata(MD)), and assess the aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts for in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic potential by DPPH, OH•, superoxide, and glucose uptake and gene expression (GLUT-4 and PPARγ) studies using the L-6 cell line respectively.

Results

The preliminary scrutiny revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, and glycosides. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of ethanolic extracts were found higher than those of aqueous extracts. The ethanolic extracts exhibited the superior antioxidant capacity when compared with aqueous extracts. However, the ethanolic extract of MD was shown superlative glucose uptake activity (72.54%) over control (0.037%) and GLUT-4 and PPARγ gene expressions (1.17 and 1.20) in term of folds respectively over cell control (1.00).

Conclusion

The ethanolic leaf extracts of both plants showed significant in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities compare to aqueous extracts. TheMatelea denticulataethanolic leaf extract exhibited superior activity. This superior activity might be due to their higher phenolic and flavonoid content. However, further approaches are needed to define these activities.
Automated gamma-ray log pattern alignment and depth matching by machine learning
Authors: Wang Shirui , Shen Qiuyang , Wu Xuqing , Chen Jiefu
Published: December 2019

Depth matching of multiple logging curves is essential to any well evaluation or reservoir characterization. Depth matching can be applied to various measurements of a single well or multiple log curves from multiple wells within the same field. Because many drilling advisory projects have been launched to digitalize the well-log analysis, accurate depth matching becomes an important factor in improving well evaluation, production, and recovery. It is a challenge, though, to align the log curves from multiple wells due to the unpredictable structure of the geologic formations. We have conducted a study on the alignment of multiple gamma-ray well logs by using the state-of-the-art machine-learning techniques. Our objective is to automate the depth-matching task with minimum human intervention. We have developed a novel multitask learning approach by using a deep neural network to optimize the depth-matching strategy that correlates multiple gamma-ray logs in the same field. Our approach can be extended to other applications as well, such as automatic formation top labeling for an ongoing well given a reference well.
Computer Program for Error Grid Analysis in Arterial Blood Pressure Method Comparison Studies
Authors: Grothe Oliver , Kaplan Anika , Kouz Karim , Saugel Bernd
Published: December 2019

We recently proposed continuous error grid analysis to describe the clinical relevance of measurement differences between a test and a reference method for arterial blood pressure (AP) measurement. Here, we present instructions on how to perform continuous error grid analysis in AP method comparison studies and provide a freely accessible computer program for automated computing of continuous error grids and calculation of the proportion of measurement pairs in the different risk zones.
First record of Synedropsis roundii (Bacillariophyta, Fragilariaceae) in the Mediterranean region
Authors: BLANCO SAÚL , ROMO SUSANA , GARCÍA-MURCIA ANA
Published: December 2019

Populations of the fragilarioid diatom Synedropsis roundii are described from the phytoplankton of the Albufera of Valencia, a large and shallow eutrophic lagoon in the Spanish Mediterranean coast. The specimens collected are described and illustrated with light and scanning electron microscopy. This is the first documented record of this species since its description, and the first illustrated record of the genus in the Mediterranean region. The Albufera lagoon and the type locality of the species (Imboassica Lagoon, SE Brazil) are similar in some ecological features. The ecological and biogeographical implications of this finding are briefly discussed.
Consequences of the experimental removal of Sabella spallanzanii (Gmelin, 1791) from the fouling assemblage of a Mediterranean harbour
Authors: PIERRI CATALDO , COLANGELO PAOLO , DEL PASQUA MICHELA , LONGO CATERINA , GIANGRANDE ADRIANA
Published: December 2019

Filter feeding invertebrates are a relevant component of fouling assemblages with a pivotal role in ecological processes, since they improve water quality, enhance habitat heterogeneity and transfer organic matter from the water column to the benthos. They modulate the availability of resources to other species, with effects on the density and behavior of the surrounding macrofauna. The fanworm Sabella spallanzanii, one of the largest and most abundant Mediterranean filter feeders, provides a shelter for predation and a secondary substrate for algae and settlement for sessile invertebrates. We tested its role in driving the structure of fouling assemblages, through a removal experiment.The experiment was one-year-long, with four sampling times. The effect of the removal on the fouling community was marginal in terms of species richness and evenness, while the biomass showed important differences, with a constant increase over time with higher values in the samples containing S. spallanzanii. At the end of observations, the biomass reached the value of 3917 g DW m-2 in controls and 2073 g DW m-2 in treatments. The empty space left by fanworms was not used by other species with similar biomasses. It is possible that the functioning of fouling communities may, in the event of loss of species, fluctuate in terms of biomass mobilization to different compartments, either towards the pelagic compartment or to the detritus chain. In systems with reduced water turnover, this by-pass can have important consequences in terms of stability and ecological balance.
Distribution of the Mediterranean ribbed limpet Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 along the Ligurian coast and implications for conservation actions
Authors: FERRANTI MARIA PAOLA , MONTEGGIA DAVIDE , ASNAGHI VALENTINA , DAGNINO ALESSANDRO , GAINO FEDERICO , MORETTO PAOLO , PARODI VERONICA , TIXI LUCA , CAPPANERA VALENTINA , VALERANI CLAUDIO , BAVA SIMONE , CHIANTORE MARIACHIARA
Published: December 2019

Patella ferruginea is an endemic limpet of the Western Mediterranean Sea, presently considered the most threatened marine macroinvertebrate in the region and included in several international conservation directives. Its populations were widespread throughout the Western Mediterranean in the late Pleistocene (Tyrrhenian period), still largely distributed until the 19th century and presently confined into small populations in few restricted areas due to human harvesting for food and baits, construction of coastal infrastructures and the effects of seawater pollution. In particular, the species was reported as presently missing in the whole of the Italian continental coasts and measures are in progress to reintroduce the species through translocation and reproduction in controlled conditions along the Ligurian coasts (North-western Mediterranean).Recent surveys along the Ligurian coasts, performed to assess the most suitable sites for reintroduction, allowed the discovery of 32 specimens of this endemic limpet, considered disappeared in the area. These findings shed new light on the ability of natural dispersion of the species, the relevance of the measures set in place to restore the presently rarefied populations and provide hints for the selection and management of sites within the Natura 2000 Ecological network.
Benthic diatoms species richness at Dvuyakornaya Bay and other coastal sites of Crimea (the Black Sea) under various environments
Authors: NEVROVA ELENA L. , PETROV ALEXEI
Published: December 2019

First-time research of the pristine water area of Dvuyakornaya Bay (South-Eastern Crimea, Black Sea) revealed high taxonomic richness of benthic diatoms (Bacillariophyta). Altogether, 304 species, 78 genera, 37 families and 20 orders were identified. Among them 68 newly-found species for the Black Sea were marked. The largest species number was marked in the genera Navicula (41 species), Nitzschia (29), Amphora (25), Cocconeis (20), Diploneis (16), Lyrella, Fallacia and Planothidium (10 species respectively). Inter-regional comparative analysis of diatom species richness was carried out using Bray-Curtis similarity coefficient and Venn diagrams. Diatom taxocene of Dvuyakornaya Bay (DB) was compared with Bacillariophyta flora from several Crimean coastal sites under different level of anthropogenic impact, i.e. relatively pristine water area near Cape Fiolent (CF) and heavy polluted Sevastopol Bay (SB) and Balaklava Bay (BB). The highest similarity of species composition (58%) was registered between intact biotopes (DB vs CF) and between heavy polluted water areas (SB vs BB), despite the geographical remoteness of the compared areas, differences in hydrological-hydrochemical conditions and in bottom substrates patterns. The lowest species similarity of diatom taxocenes was observed between SB and CF (32.3%) and between SB and DB (36.5%). It was concluded that the content of technogenic pollutants (trace metals, PCBs, PAHs and pesticides) in the bottom sediments, as well as the heterogeneity of microbiotopes are represent major factors influencing on the species composition of benthic Bacillariophyta in the investigated coastal water areas.
Corporate governance
Authors: Rasskazov Sergey , Rasskazova Albina , Deryugin Pavel
Published: December 2019

The first section of the textbook includes topics that reveal the mechanisms and tools of corporate governance, the second-the assessment of its quality. The texts of 10 lectures with diagrams and illustrations are presented. A number of topics involve practical training in the package Mathcad or similar. Solutions of problems, including program listings, are given.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
For undergraduate and graduate students studying in the areas of "Economics", "Management" and "Sociology", teachers and graduate students of economic universities, and can also be useful to managers and specialists of both financial and non-financial companies.
Tribology properties evaluation for friction pair Zn coated steel –TiCN MP coated/uncoated tool steel
Authors: Evin Emil , Tomáš Miroslav
Published: December 2019

When the sheet metal stamping processes are simulated, different values of the friction coefficient need to be defined in different regions, considering the nature of the deformation process. Thus, the regression and analytical models to determine the friction coefficient under the blankholder and on the die drawing edge by the strip drawing test are presented in the article. These models were verified by experimental strip drawing test under the same contact conditions. Zn coated high strength low alloyed steel sheet H220PD+Z100 was used at experiments and friction tests were done against the tool steel and TiCN MP coated tool steel. The results indicate, that values of friction coefficients evaluated by linear regression are lower than evaluated from analytical models. The positive effect of coating TiCN MP when applied on the contact surfaces was found, thus, decreases the friction coefficient and the drawing force scattering during the strip drawing test.
Influence of cryorolling on properties of L-PBF 316l stainless steel tested at 298K and 77K
Authors: PETROUSEK Patrik , KVACKAJ Tibor , KOCISKO Róbert , BIDULSKA Jana , LUPTAK Miloslav , MANFREDI Diego , ACTIS GRANDE Marco , Bidulsky Robert
Published: December 2019

The goal of the present work is to evaluate mechanical properties and to analyse the microstructure of 316L stainless steel produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) follow by rolling with different thickness reduction under ambient and cryogenic conditions. The samples before rolling were heat treated. The static tensile test was realized at ambient and cryogenic (77K) conditions. The L-PBF powder metal production technology approved that is a key technology in the AM area, especially for metal powder materials. Mechanical properties tested at 298K and 77K shows that the application of various thermo-deformation rolling conditions increases of strength properties. Achieved mechanical properties are comparable to conventional bulk materials. The strength properties after the rolling under ambient and cryogenic conditions were significantly increased.
"Carrie Fisher Sent Me"
Authors: Knopf Christina M.
Published: December 2019

No abstract
The Power of Fan
Authors: Richey Jeffrey
Published: December 2019

The latest Star Wars film, The Last Jedi (2017), unflinchingly embraces tragedy and the nobility of failure – themes and values that resonate with traditional East Asian thought, especially Daoism.  This is what makes it, along with The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Rogue One: A Star Wars Story (2016), among the most spiritually mature and philosophically consistent chapters of the series.  These films celebrate the (not unlimited) power of the feminine, the hidden, the receptive, and the organic — in a word, what traditional East Asian thought names as y?n ? — in ways that help the warmed-over cafeteria Zen Buddhism/Daoism that is George Lucas’ Jedi mumbo-jumbo to actually hold together and work to provide a meaningful worldview. If these movies work as art — as opposed to fun action fantasy or fanboy service — then they do so as y?n tragedies.  If their protagonists function as authentic heroes – as opposed to adolescent wish-fulfillment or mere signifiers of hegemonic power – then they do so with y?n nobility.  That is, they acknowledge and embrace the realities of weakness, obscurity, vulnerability, and fragility in order to discover and develop the virtues of adaptability, resilience, transformation, and growth.  The Daoist concept of f?n ? – which combines the meanings of “reversal,” “rebellion,” and “return” – not only helps explain the power of the best Star Wars films, but also explains why some audience members have reacted so negatively and violently to the evolving saga.
Spray of Chemicals as Affected by Different Parameters of Air Assisted Sprayer: A Review
Authors: Jadav C. V. , Jain K. K. , Khodifad B. C.
Published: December 2019

In orchards, day by day productivity reduces by diseases. To prevent the effect of these diseases, spraying of pesticide was one of the options. There were several methods for pesticide spraying, one of the efficient method practiced in spraying by air assisted sprayer, which reduced losses during spraying and cover more tree canopy area. In this sprayer, different parameters were affecting spraying such as blower speed, operating speed of sprayer, operating pressure in sprayer and pesticide applications. Therefore the study was conducted to find out the effect of different parameter on spraying. The operating speed of sprayer showed significant effect on spray droplets deposition, distribution by conspicuously greater at lower operating speed. In air assisted sprayer, increasing blower speed significantly increased drift force and increased tree canopy area in spraying. The efficiency of spray deposition increased with increase in blower speed. The conveying efficiency of spray particles, penetration and distribution of pesticide were increased with increase in operating pressure. The performance of sprayer was found better with increase in operating pressure (1 to 15 kg/cm2) of spraying.
Phytochemical Constituent’s Comparison Using Various Drying Effects on Rubus Fraxinifolius Pour Leaves
Authors: Dewi Rizna Triana , Fitria Irni , Sundowo Andini , Agustian Egi , Ismaini Lily , Normasiwi Suluh , Noviady Ikhsan , Destri  , Surya Muhammad Imam
Published: December 2019

Rubus fraxinifolius is a genus that belongs to the Rosaceae family, which grows in the mountainous forests in Indonesia. The study aimed to determine the effects of air-drying (AD) and oven drying (OD) of the young R. fraxinifolius leaves and compare them to the fresh leaves (FL) to observe the phytochemical content and bioactivities. Phytochemical contents of the samples were determined based on qualitative assay, total phenolics, and total flavonoid, whereas bioactivities were evaluated on antioxidant DPPH free radical scavenging effect, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and antibacterial assays. LCMS-MS was used for the quantitative investigation of naturally occurring phytochemicals. The methanol exttract of FL had the highest free radical scavenging activity against DPPH with IC50of 45.51± 5.03µg/mL, total phenolic content (25.35 ± 1.06 mg GAE/100 mg extract), and total flavonoid content (28.71 ± 2.07 equivalent quercetin mg/ 100 mg extract) compared to those of AD and OD. However, AD had the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50= 8.86 ± 1.41µg/mL) among others. The antibacterial activity of the young leaves showed that there was no activity difference in both fresh and dried conditions. Based on LCMS-MS analysis, it was revealed that Luteolin-7-O-glucoronide, an active antioxidant flavonoid glycoside, had been detected in FL and AD leaf extracts, but it was not found in OD leaf extract. Our ﬁndings showed that drying could influence the phytochemical contents, which significantly affect the production of characteristic active compounds in R. fraxinifolius leaves.
Water Quality Demonstrates Detrimental Effects on Two Different Seeds during Germination
Authors: Maity Moumita , Chatterjee Gourab , Banerjee Rajarshi
Published: December 2019

The study was aimed to determine the effects of water quality on seed germination and seedling growth of Cicer arietinum and Brassica juncea under laboratory condition at Haldia, West Bengal. Water from four different water bodies was examined including one control. Both the plant seeds and seedlings were treated for 15 days; and this was carried for three times in a year with each type of water. The germination and growth was observed for two weeks and mean readings were taken in the result. Shoot length, root length, number of root hairs, root hair length, and some biochemical assessment were determined. Biochemical assessment includes total carbohydrate, reducing sugar, total non-reducing sugar, protein content and total DNA. It was observed through all the parameters that the seed germination and growth of seedlings were highly sensitive to the quality of water and the polluted water exerted a kind of stress level to their growth. From the result it could be concluded that different quality water had significantly affected the seed germination and seedling growth of two species of plants assessed.
Study of Per Se Performance and Heterosis for Seed Yield and Component Traits in Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.)
Authors: Chauhan B.B. , Gami R. A. , Prajapati K. P. , Patel J. R. , Patel R.N.
Published: December 2019

The phenomenon of heterosis has provided the most important genetic tools in improving yield of crop plants. Identification of specific parental combination capable of producing the highest level of heterotic effects in F1 has immense value for commercial exploitation of heterosis. The experimental material consisted of eight parents (including check G.TIL 4) and their 28 half-diallel crosses. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences due to genotypes for all the traits. On the basis of mean values, the parents G.TIL 10, G.TIL 4 and SKT 1607 recorded maximum seed yield per plant. G.TIL 10 was top ranking for number of effective branches per plant. This parental genotype also expressed good performance for various yield components, viz., number of seed per capsule, harvest index (%) and oil content (%).The parent SKT 1608 found better for earliness, dwarfness and 1000 seed weight (g). While in case of hybrids, SKT 1608 × SKT 12-2, SKT 1608 × G.TIL 2 and SKT 1607 × G.TIL 2 were the best for seed yield per plant. Among the 28 F1 hybrids, SKT 1608 × SKT 12-2 and SKT 1608 × G.TIL 2 manifested significant positive heterosis for seed yield per plant over better parent and standard check (G.TIL 4) These two crosses also exhibited either of the significant positive heterosis for various component traits viz., plant height (cm), capsule length (cm), number of seed per capsule, harvest index (%), 1000 seed weight (g), oil content (%) and leaf area per plant (cm2).
How do media, political and regulatory agendas influence one another in high risk policy issues?
Authors: Opperhuizen Alette Eva , Klijn Erik Hans , Schouten Kim
Published: December 2019

This article shows how an emerging risk is covered by the media and how this interacts with political attention and policy implementation. Gas drilling has resulted in earthquakes in the Netherlands over the past 25 years. We show that an increase in the frequency and magnitude has not stimulated greater media attention. Media and political attention increased only after the media had interpreted the risk as a safety issue. Once this had happened, newspapers and political debates tended to focus on the emotionally loaded aspects. This is in contrast with the regulatory agenda, which followed its own course by focusing on factual information. By using a new method – supervised-machine learning – we analyse a large, longitudinal data set to explore patterns over time. Our findings shed new light on risk- and agenda-setting theory, confirming that media and politics agendas reinforce each other, but the regulatory agenda is not strongly influenced by them.
Design of an InP/ZnO core–shell nanocone array solar cell with efficient broadband light absorption enhancement
Authors: Zhang Zongyi , Wu Yonggang , Qin Xuefei , Xia Zihuan , Zhou Jian
Published: December 2019

We design a standing semiconductor-dielectric core–shell nanocone array
(CSNCA) that can not only concentrate the incident light into the
structure, but also confine most of the concentrated light to the
semiconductor (indium phosphide) core region, which remarkably
enhances the light absorption of the more material-saving
semiconductor core. We find guided resonance features along the radial
and FP-resonant features along the axial direction by analyzing the
electric field patterns at the absorption spectrum peaks. The CSNCA
can support multiple higher-order HE modes, in comparison to the bare
nanocone array (BNCA). Results based on detailed balance analysis
demonstrate that the core–shell design gives rise to higher
short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage, and thus higher power
conversion efficiency. Detailed research is focused on the 1 µm high
CSNCAs, and a remarkable power conversion efficiency enhancement
(42.2%) is gained compared with the BNCAs.
Algorithm to overcome atmospheric phase errors in SAL data
Authors: Depoy Randy S. , Shaw Arnab K.
Published: December 2019

Synthetic aperture ladar is an emerging sensor technology providing
high-resolution imagery of targets from long standoff ranges.
Atmospheric turbulence corrupts the collected phase history data with
spatially variant phase perturbations, impacting resolution and
contrast of reconstructed imagery. We explore the efficacy of
model-based reconstruction algorithms with model error corrections to
mitigate the deleterious effects of atmospheric turbulence and restore
image quality. We present results from model error correction
techniques utilizing spatially invariant, spatially variant, and a
model-based atmospheric phase error correction. We quantify the
performance of all algorithms using an atmospheric ray-trace
simulation.
Magneto-optical resonances in fluorescence from sodium D2 manifold
Authors: Grewal Raghwinder S. , Pati Gour , Tripathi Renu , Yu Anthony W. , Krainak Michael , Purucker Michael
Published: December 2019

We report on magneto-optical resonances observed in sodium fluorescence from D2 manifold with an intensity-modulated light. Fluorescence resonances are measured in the perpendicular (90°) and backward (180°) directions to the light propagation in laboratory experiments using a sodium cell containing neon buffer gas. Properties of these resonances are studied by varying the magnetic field at fixed-light modulation frequency, and vice-versa. Modulation with low-duty cycle shows higher-harmonic resonances of the modulation frequency and sub-harmonic resonances of the Larmor frequency. A dark resonance with maximum amplitude for laser wavelength closer to the crossover peak is observed. The origin of this dark resonance observed in Na D2 line is discussed using a theoretical model. Present study is aimed towards improving the understanding of magneto-optical resonances for remote magnetometry applications with mesospheric sodium.
Origin of cell contrast in offset aperture adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy
Authors: Guevara-Torres A. , Williams D. R. , Schallek J. B.
Published: December 2019

Offset aperture and split detector imaging are variants of adaptive optics scanning ophthalmoscopy recently introduced to improve the image contrast of retinal cells. Unlike conventional confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy, these approaches collect light laterally decentered from the optical axis. A complete explanation of how these methods enhance contrast has not been described. Here, we provide an optical model with supporting in vivo data that show contrast is generated from spatial variations in the refractive index as it is in phase contrast microscopy. A prediction of this model is supported by experimental data that show contrast is optimized when the detector is placed conjugate with a deeper backscattering screen such as the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid, rather than with the layer being imaged as in conventional confocal imaging. This detection strategy provides a substantial improvement in the contrast these new methods can produce.
Formation of the Bovine Ovarian Surface Epithelium during Fetal Development
Authors: Hartanti Monica D. , Hummitzsch Katja , Bonner Wendy M. , Bastian Nicole A. , Irving-Rodgers Helen F. , Rodgers Raymond J.
Published: December 2019

When first formed, the ovary only has an established epithelium at its base or hilum. Later, an epithelium is established around the rest of the ovary. To examine this further, we conducted scanning electron microscopy of the surface of bovine fetal ovaries and immunohistochemistry of ovarian cross-sections. From the earliest time point, the cells on the surface of the base or hilum of the ovary were cuboidal. On the remainder of the ovary, the surface was more irregular. By mid-development, the surface was covered completely with either a stratified or simple epithelium of cuboidal cells. Clefts were observed in the surface and appeared to form due to the expansion of stroma surrounding each open ovigerous cord, elevating the areas surrounding each cord, while leaving the opening of the cord to form the base of each cleft. The continued expansion of the surrounding stroma below the surface appeared not only to close the ovigerous cords from the surface but to compress the clefts into the shape of a groove. Later, most of the ovarian surface was covered with a simple cuboidal epithelium. The changes to the ovarian surface during fetal development coincide with the remodeling of the stroma and cords below.
Riffing the Canon: The Pictures Generation and Racial Bias
Authors: Symko Riva
Published: December 2019

This article considers exhibitions as archival documents, and conceives of the restaging of exhibitions as an act of appropriating the archive. It examines The Pictures Generation 1974–1984 (2009), curated by Douglas Eklund as a restaged 'riff' on Pictures (1977), curated by Douglas Crimp. Pictures was a focused meditation on the historical significance of a particular aesthetic strategy. The Pictures Generation historicized Pictures as the foundational moment of appropriation. Eklund's form of restaging, however, reinforced the racially segregated realities that have marginalized the history of appropriative practices by artists of colour. Drawing on a post+colonial framework, I consider how exhibition restagings may be leveraged as a curatorial strategy of historical rupture.
Insights on the history of tuberculosis: Novalis and the romantic idealization
Authors: Barroso Maria Do Sameiro
Published: December 2019

Tuberculosis affected the world population since ancient times, being known to Hippocratic physicians. It was not completely understood and it was difficult to manage. From the eighteenth century onwards, it became highly devastating with a high sociological impact until Robert Koch (1843–1910) identified the pathogenic agent of tuberculosis, in 1882. His discovery enabled a progressive identification and control of infectious diseases. Novalis, born Georg Philipp Friedrich von Hardenberg (1772–1801), an early German Romantic poet, struck by the suffering and death of his fiancée, Sophie von Kühn (1782–1797), who died of a liver abscess as a complication of pulmonary tuberculosis, is a major founder of the romantic idealizing of the disease which lasted until the control of the endemic. Current medicine tends to identify the condition which struck Novalis as cystic fibrosis. However, his name will always be associated with the white plague, the feared and ethereal disease that killed and inspired young artists and talented poets.
Quilombolas, japoneses e o “macaco” Jupará em roças de quase tudo no Sul da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Guimarães Eduardo M.
Published: December 2019

Neste artigo, reflete-se sobre os sistemas de policultivo existentes no Baixo Sul da Bahia, tendo em vista a sua importância na sustentabilidade da agricultura e, sobretudo, na sua vinculação com processos identitários. Na região, a principal atividade econômica é a agricultura, desenvolvida em pequenas áreas denominadas roças, onde predominam cultivos extremamente diversificados. O objetivo principal do estudo é descrever este modelo agrícola — conhecido como “plantar misturado” — desenvolvido por indígenas, escravizados fugitivos de grandes plantações e seus descendentes na região denominada Empata Viagem (Baixo Sul da Bahia, Brasil). Nos marcos do processo de modernização da agricultura, concebido para superação do atraso do meio rural, uma verdadeira amnésia histórica torna invisíveis esses sistemas agrícolas. Nas pesquisas agronômicas, agricultores japoneses sintetizam o novo, o inesperado e, mesmo, o inusitado, pois embora tenham chegado à região em meados do século XX se destacam como “inventores” dos sistemas de policultivo. O epílogo da epopeia fica a cargo do Jupará, animal, supostamente, responsável pelo plantio das primeiras roças de cacau do Sul da Bahia.
Effectiveness of six molecular typing methods as epidemiological tools for the study of Salmonella isolates in two Colombian regions
Authors: Lozano-Villegas Kelly , Rodríguez-Hernández Roy , Rondón-Barragán Iang
Published: December 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was the genotypic characterization of the strains of Salmonella spp. isolated from broiler chickens and humans with gastroenteritis from two regions of Colombia, by BOXA1R-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR methods. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine strains of Salmonella were assessed, 15 from poultry farms in Santander region, and 34 from Tolima region isolated from poultry farms (n=24) and the stool samples of people with gastroenteritis (n=10). BOXA1R primers were selected for repetitive element-based PCR (REP-PCR) and five arbitrary primers, namely, GTG 5, OPB 15, OPP 16, OPS 11, and P 1254 were used for RAPD-PCR to generate DNA fingerprints from the isolates. Fingerprint data from each typing method were under composite analysis and the diversity of the data was analyzed by grouping (clustering). The dendrogram was generated by the unweighted group method with analysis of the arithmetic mean based on the Dice similarity coefficient. In addition, Simpson's index was evaluated to discriminate the power of the methods. Results: OPP 16 primer and composite analysis proved to be superior compared to other REP-PCR typing methods. The best discriminatory index was observed when GTG 5 (0.92) and OPP 16 (0.85) primers were used alone or combined with RAPD-PCR and BOX-PCR (0.99). Conclusion: This study indicated that OPP 16 and GTG 5 primers provide suitable molecular typing results for the discrimination of the genetic relationship among Salmonella spp. isolates and may be useful for epidemiological studies.
Iatrogenic lesions of the skeleton
Authors: Melnichenko Galina A. , Mamedova Elizaveta O.
Published: December 2019

Osteoporotic fractures are an important public health problem due to their negative impact on the quality of life and life expectancy, as well as high cost of treatment and rehabilitation. Along with the major risk factors for osteoporotic fractures, such as low bone mineral density (BMD), age, low body weight, frequent falls and previous fractures, an important secondary risk factor, especially among susceptible individuals, is taking certain medications. The difficulty in assessing fracture risk when taking various drugs, as well as the development of appropriate methods of prevention and treatment, is often due to the absence of large randomized trials with a sufficient level of evidence, as well as the heterogeneity of the main risk factors for fractures in studied groups of patients. We focus on the main groups of drugs for which there is evidence of a negative impact on bone metabolism, BMD and fracture risk. In addition to drugs, bone metabolism is also influenced by bariatric surgery, transplantation of solid organs, gonadectomy for various diseases.

This article is the RePrint from the original publication in Obesity and Metabolism 2016; 13(2); pp. 41-47. doi: 10.14341/omet2016241-47
Cinco tipos de narrativas históricas interculturais no currículo
Authors: Plá Sebastián
Published: December 2019

Um ensaio pedagógico teórico sobre a relação entre narração histórica no currículo do ensino obrigatório e ensino intercultural de história é apresentado aqui. No texto, são apresentadas cinco tipologias que enquadram as narrativas históricas e sua relação com a interculturalidade mais comum na educação latino-americana. Esses tipos são: a) a narrativa nacionalista monocultural; b) história universal ou multiculturalismo acadêmico; c) a história liberal multicultural; d) consciência histórica intercultural; ee) interculturalidade crítica e descolonial. Na primeira parte, são apresentados alguns aspectos teóricos sobre a narração. Posteriormente, cada um dos tipos de narrativa é descrito e, no final, reflete-se a relação entre narração, interculturalidade e justiça curricular para o ensino de história na América Latina.
As interações docentes na partilha de saberes ‘tardifianos’
Authors: Leal Cristianni Antunes , Meirelles Rosane Moreira Silva de
Published: December 2019

O saber docente é modelado enquanto profissional pelo acúmulo de experiências, e nas interações docentes há aprendizagens para os profissionais do ensino, assim, a socialização entre professores é considerada um importante recurso para a permanência docente na profissão. Sob tais afirmações o estudo discute os Saberes Experienciais de três professores da área das Ciências Naturais, e os dados coletados foram analisados à luz de Tardif (2014). Os resultados mostraram que há trocas de experiências entre os agentes educativos que se caracterizam como uma formação in loco embora não creditada como em cursos de pós-graduação. Como proposição tem-se a possibilidade de se realizar mini jornadas científicas nas escolas sem ônus para o docente a fim de realizar discussões coletivas que podem contribuir no e para o desenvolvimento profissional, além de propagar a residência pedagógica entre os professores considerados novatos.
Title 01 FW 11
Authors: last name FW  last name FW  last name FW  last name FW first name FW ,   Corporate name FW 11
Published: December 2019

Abstract 01 FW 11, 1p only
Photocatalytic activity of NiFe2O4 and Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 modified by Eu(III) and Tb(III) for decomposition of Malachite Green
Authors: Tsvetkov M. P. , Ivanova I. R. , Valcheva E. P. , Zaharieva J. Ts. , Milanova M. M.
Published: December 2019

The mixed metal oxides NiFe2O4 and Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 with a spinel-like structure, pure and modified with the lanthanide ions Eu(III) and Tb(III), were prepared by a sol-gel process in which propylene oxide was used as a gelling agent and then tested as photocatalysts. The photocatalytic activity was studied under polychromic visible light irradiation (halogen lamp) for the decomposition of the water pollutant Malachite Green in model solutions which were prepared under laboratory conditions. The modified samples showed a better activity under visible light irradiation than the pure samples. The highest activity under visible light irradiation was observed for Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 that was modified with 5 wt. % Eu(III) or Tb(III), and which showed the positive effects of the doping ions. Based on the cartographic data for the smooth and equal distribution of Tb(III) on the surface of Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 particles, the surface processes may have influenced the photocatalytic activity. The energy band gap of the samples was calculated, showing somewhat lower values for the doped samples than the pure ferrites.
Entkräftung und Widerruf
Authors: McMyler Benjamin
Published: December 2019

A speaker’s retraction of her own previous testimony serves to defeat the reason for belief provided by her testimony in a distinctive way. In telling an addressee that p, the speaker purports to settle for the addressee the question whether p. In retracting her testimony, the speaker then revokes her settling of this question for the addressee, cancelling the addressee’s entitlement to pass the epistemic buck back to her should the content of her belief be challenged, and this entitlement is cancelled even if the addressee has good reason to believe that the speaker’s retraction is misguided or mistaken. Deferentially believing a speaker and allowing them to settle a theoretical question thus has a distinctive temporal and interpersonal character, requiring the addressee to assume that both she herself and the speaker will continue to do their part in the joint activity that is the addressee’s holding p true.
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) and laser VEL: a review
Authors: Elia David , Gambacciani Marco , Berreni Nicolas , Bohbot Jean Marc , Druckmann René , Geoffrion Hugues , Haab François , Heiss Niko , Rygaloff Nicolas , Russo Eleonora
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this publication is to summarize the results of the vaginal erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) Smooth® laser (VEL) on the vaginal atrophy component of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). GSM has two categories of clinical signs related to estrogen deficiency: symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) and urinary symptoms. This symptomatology is chronic, progressive over the years and affects a majority of women concerned by natural menopause but not exclusively: we must also consider the growing number of survivors of gynecological or non-gynecological cancers (breast, cervix, uterus, vagina, anus, etc.). At a time when hormonal treatment of menopause is contested as is the installation of under urethra prosthesis, the innovation provided by the VEL technology has the merit of offering the women concerned an effective therapeutic alternative with the security of a patent. The VEL technology has an original and unique process: acting only by thermal effect and not by ablation on tissue, VEL is a safe solution in terms of side effects and potential complications. Studies have been increasing since 2012 and all demonstrate a significant improvement in the GSM signs and symptoms, as well as an improved sexual life after VEL treatment. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized studies are expected in order to ultimately confirm the safety and effectiveness of VEL.
Cardiorespiratory Responses to Endurance Exercise Over the Menstrual Cycle and With Oral Contraceptive Use
Authors: Barba-Moreno Laura , Cupeiro Rocío , Romero-Parra Nuria , Janse de Jonge Xanne A.K. , Peinado Ana B.
Published: December 2019

Barba-Moreno, L, Cupeiro, R, Romero-Parra, N, Janse de Jonge, XA, and Peinado, AB. Cardiorespiratory Responses to Endurance Exercise Over the Menstrual Cycle and With Oral Contraceptive Use. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 392–399, 2022—Female steroid hormone fluctuations during the menstrual cycle and exogenous hormones from oral contraceptives may have potential effects on exercise performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these fluctuations on cardiorespiratory responses during steady-state exercise in women. Twenty-three healthy endurance-trained women performed 40 minutes of running at 75% of their maximal aerobic speed during different phases of the menstrual cycle (n = 15; early follicular phase, midfollicular phase, and luteal phase) or oral contraceptive cycle (n = 8; hormonal phase and nonhormonal phase). Ventilatory parameters and heart rate (HR) were measured. Data were analyzed using a mixed linear model. For the eumenorrheic group, significantly higher oxygen uptake (p = 0.049) and percentage of maximum oxygen uptake (p = 0.035) were observed during the midfollicular phase compared with the early follicular. Heart rate (p = 0.004), oxygen ventilatory equivalent (p = 0.042), carbon dioxide ventilatory equivalent (p = 0.017), and tidal volume (p = 0.024) increased during luteal phase in comparison with midfollicular. In oral contraceptive users, ventilation (p = 0.030), breathing frequency (p = 0.018), oxygen ventilatory equivalent (p = 0.032), and carbon dioxide ventilatory equivalent (p = 0.001) increased during the hormonal phase. No significant differences were found for the rest of the parameters or phases. Both the eumenorrheic group and oral contraceptive group showed a significant increase in some ventilatory parameters during luteal and hormonal phases, respectively, suggesting lower cardiorespiratory efficiency. However, the lack of clinical meaningfulness of these differences and the nondifferences of other physiological variables, indicate that the menstrual cycle had a small impact on submaximal exercise in the current study.