bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LPS Cooperates with Poly-L-Arginine to Promote IL-6 and IL-8 Release via the JNK Signaling Pathway in NCI-H292 Cells
Authors: Zhang Ling-Ling , Chen Bing , Fan Xiao-Yun , Wu Sha-Sha , Zhang Sheng-Quan , Wu Hui-Mei
Published: December 2016

Objective. Herein, we aimed to study the mechanism whereby poly-L-arginine (PLA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can synergistically induce the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 in NCI-H292 cells.Methods. NCI-H292 cells were divided into control, PLA, LPS, and PLA+LPS groups. At various time points, the phosphorylation of JNK in each group was measured by western blotting. Additionally, the productions of IL-6 and IL-8 were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effects of SP600125, an inhibitor of the JNK pathway, on the increase of p-JNK, IL-6, and IL-8 were also studied.Results. Our results showed that either PLA or LPS treatment alone can significantly increase the phosphorylation level of JNK in NCI-H292 cells. Of interest was the combined use of PLA and LPS that has a synergistic effect on the phosphorylation of JNK, as well as synergistically inducing the release of IL-6 and IL-8 in NCI-H292 cells. Furthermore, SP600125 significantly inhibited the activation of JNK signal, as well as reducing the productions of IL-6 and IL-8 in response to PLA+LPS stimulation.Conclusions. The JNK signaling pathway contributes to the release of IL-6 and IL-8, which is stimulated by the synergistic actions of PLA+LPS in NCI-H292 cells.
Neuroprotective Effect of Paeonol Mediates Anti‐Inflammation via Suppressing Toll‐Like Receptor 2 and Toll‐Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathways in Cerebral Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injured Rats
Authors: Liao Wen-Yen , Tsai Tung-Hu , Ho Tin-Yun , Lin Yi-Wen , Cheng Chin-Yi , Hsieh Ching-Liang
Published: December 2016

Paeonol is a phenolic compound derived from Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews (MC) and P. lactiflora Pall (PL). Paeonol can reduce cerebral infarction volume and improve neurological deficits through antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects. However, the anti‐inflammatory pathway of paeonol remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between anti‐inflammatory responses of paeonol and signaling pathways of TLR2 and TLR4 in cerebral infarct. We established the cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion model in Sprague Dawley rats by occluding right middle cerebral artery for 60 min, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. The neurological deficit score was examined, and the brains of the rats were removed for cerebral infarction volume and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. The infarction volume and neurological deficits were lower in the paeonol group (pretreatment with paeonol; 20 mg/kg i.p.) than in the control group (without paeonol treatment). The IHC analysis revealed that the number of TLR2‐, TLR4‐, Iba1‐, NF‐κB‐ (P50‐), and IL‐1β‐immunoreactive cells and TUNEL‐positive cells was significantly lower in the paeonol group; however, the number of TNF‐α‐immunoreactive cells did not differ between the paeonol and control groups. The paeonol reveals some neuroprotective effects in the model of ischemia, which could be due to the reduction of many proinflammatory receptors/mediators, although the mechanisms are not clear.
The Immune System in Cancer Pathogenesis: Potential Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Pandya Pankita H. , Murray Mary E. , Pollok Karen E. , Renbarger Jamie L.
Published: December 2016

Interplay among immune activation and cancer pathogenesis provides the framework for a novel subspecialty known as immunooncology. In the rapidly evolving field of immunooncology, understanding the tumor-specific immune response enhances understanding of cancer resistance. This review highlights the fundamentals of incorporating precision medicine to discover new immune biomarkers and predictive signatures. Using a personalized approach may have a significant, positive impact on the use of oncolytics to better guide safer and more effective therapies.
Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening Instruments for Very Young Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Towle Patricia O. , Patrick Patricia A.
Published: December 2016

Research on ASD in infancy has provided a rationale for developing screening instruments for children from the first year of life to age of 18 months. A comprehensive literature search identified candidate screening tools. Using methodological probe questions adapted from the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS), two Level 1 and three Level 2 screening instruments were reviewed in detail. Research evidence conclusions were that instrument development was in beginning phases, is not yet strong, and requires further development. Clinical recommendations were to continue vigilant developmental and autism surveillance from the first year on but to use the screening instrumentsper seonly for high-risk children rather than for population screening, with considerations regarding feasibility for individual settings, informing caregivers about strengths and weaknesses of the tool, and monitoring new research.
Structural Phenomenon of Cement-Based Composite Elements in Ultimate Limit State
Authors: Iskhakov I. , Ribakov Y.
Published: December 2016

Cement-based composite materials have minimum of two components, one of which has higher strength compared to the other. Such materials include concrete, reinforced concrete (RC), and ferrocement, applied in single- or two-layer RC elements. This paper discusses experimental and theoretical results, obtained by the authors in the recent three decades. The authors have payed attention to a structural phenomenon that many design features (parameters, properties, etc.) at ultimate limit state (ULS) of a structure are twice higher (or lower) than at initial loading state. This phenomenon is evident at material properties, structures (or their elements), and static and/or dynamic structural response. The phenomenon is based on two ideas that were developed by first author: quasi-isotropic state of a structure at ULS and minimax principle. This phenomenon is supported by experimental and theoretical results, obtained for various structures, like beams, frames, spatial structures, and structural joints under static or/and dynamic loadings. This study provides valuable indicators for experiments’ planning and estimation of structural state. The phenomenon provides additional equation(s) for calculating parameters that are usually obtained experimentally and can lead to developing design concepts and RC theory, in which the number of empirical design coefficients will be minimal.
Kawasaki Shock Syndrome in a 12-Year-Old Girl Mimicking Septic Shock
Authors: Sinhabahu Vindika Prasad , Suntharesan Janani , Wijesekara Dimuthu Saraji
Published: December 2016

Kawasaki disease is diagnosed when fever lasts for more than 5 days with the presence of four out of five of the following clinical features: bilateral conjunctival congestion, changes in the lips and oral cavity, polymorphous exanthem, changes in peripheral extremities, and acute nonpurulent cervical lymphadenopathy (Nakamura et al., 2012). The average age of onset is 2 years and 90% of patients are below 5 years of age. Boys are more affected than girls (Cox and Sallis, 2009). This case report describes an adolescent female who was initially managed as having septic shock and subsequently found to have Kawasaki shock syndrome.
Blowhole Colostomy forClostridium difficile-Associated Toxic Megacolon
Authors: Kerstens Jeroen , Diebels Ian , de Gheldere Charles , Vanclooster Patrick
Published: December 2016

We present the case of a 58-year-old man who underwent urgent blowhole colostomy for toxic megacolon (TM) secondary toClostridium difficileinfection (CDI). This infection occurred under antibiotic coverage with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, four days after laparoscopic sigmoidectomy in our hospital. Although prospective clinical research regarding the surgical management of TM is lacking, decompressive procedures like blowhole colostomy are reported to carry a high risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality and are widely regarded as obsolete. Subtotal or total colectomy with end ileostomy is currently considered the procedure of choice. After presenting our case, we discuss the literature available on the subject to argue that the scarce evidence on the optimal surgical treatment for TM is primarily based on TM associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and that there might be a rationale for considering minimally invasive procedures like blowhole colostomy for CDI-associated TM.
Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in 1 mol L−1HCl Using Gum Exudates ofAzadirachta indica
Authors: Manickam Malarvizhi , Sivakumar Dheenadhayalan , Thirumalairaj Brindha , Jaganathan Mallika
Published: December 2016

The ability of gum exudates ofAzadirachta indica(GAI) to inhibit corrosion on mild steel in 1 mol L−1HCl has been studied using mass loss, polarization, and impedence measurements. The effect of temperature (303–323 K) and immersion time of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12 hours on corrosion behavior of mild steel was examined. Gum exudates decrease the corrosion rate up to a concentration of 80 ppm and at 323 K temperature. GAI adsorb chemically onto the surface of the mild steel while it obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherms. Polarization studies show GAI as mixed mode inhibitor. Surface studies ascertain that a shielding layer was formed on the mild steel surface.
The SGLT-2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Has a Therapeutic Effect on Atherosclerosis in Diabetic ApoE−/−Mice
Authors: Leng Weiling , Ouyang Xinshou , Lei Xiaotian , Wu Mingxia , Chen Liu , Wu Qinan , Deng Wuquan , Liang Ziwen
Published: December 2016

Background. Our study aimed to observe the effect of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin on diabetic atherosclerosis and investigate the subsequent mechanism.Methods. Aortic atherosclerosis was induced in streptozotocin induced diabetic ApoE−/−mice by feeding with high-fat diet, and dapagliflozin was administrated intragastrically for 12 weeks as treatment. Effects of dapagliflozin on indices of glucose and fat metabolism, IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3 protein levels, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. The atherosclerosis was evaluated by oil red O and hematoxylin-eosin staining. The effects of dapagliflozin on the IL-1βproduction in culturing primary macrophages of wild type and NLRP3−/−knockout mice were investigated for mechanism analyses.Results. Dapagliflozin treatment showed favorable effects on glucose and fat metabolism, partially reversed the formation of atherosclerosis, inhibited macrophage infiltration, and enhanced the stability of lesion. Also, reduced production of IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3 protein, and mitochondrial ROS in the aortic tissues was detected with dapagliflozin treatment. In vitro, NLRP3 inflammasome was activated by hyperglucose and hyperlipid through ROS pathway.Conclusions. Dapagliflozin may be of therapeutic potential for diabetic atherosclerosis induced by high-fat diet, and these benefits may depend on the inhibitory effect on the secretion of IL-1βby macrophages via the ROS-NLRP3-caspase-1 pathway.
Cement-Based Renders Manufactured with Phase-Change Materials: Applications and Feasibility
Authors: Coppola Luigi , Coffetti Denny , Lorenzi Sergio
Published: December 2016

The paper focuses on the evaluation of the rheological and mechanical performances of cement-based renders manufactured with phase-change materials (PCM) in form of microencapsulated paraffin for innovative and ecofriendly residential buildings. Specifically, cement-based renders were manufactured by incorporating different amount of paraffin microcapsules—ranging from 5% to 20% by weight with respect to binder. Specific mass, entrained or entrapped air, and setting time were evaluated on fresh mortars. Compressive strength was measured over time to evaluate the effect of the PCM addition on the hydration kinetics of cement. Drying shrinkage was also evaluated. Experimental results confirmed that the compressive strength decreases as the amount of PCM increases. Furthermore, the higher the PCM content, the higher the drying shrinkage. The results confirm the possibility of manufacturing cement-based renders containing up to 20% by weight of PCM microcapsules with respect to binder.
ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism and Obesity in 1,574 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Pan Yan-Hong , Wang Min , Huang Yan-Mei , Wang Ying-Hui , Chen Yin-Ling , Geng Li-Jun , Zhang Xiao-Xi , Zhao Hai-Lu
Published: December 2016

Association between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and the risk of overweight/obesity remains controversial. We investigated the possible relationship between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and obesity in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. In this study, obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) value ≥ 25 kg/m2and subjects were classified into 4 groups (lean, normal, overweight, and obese). PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was used to detect the ACE gene I/D polymorphism in T2DM patients. Metabolic measurements including blood glucose, lipid profile, and blood pressure were obtained. Frequencies of the ACE genotypes (DD, ID, and II) were not significant among the 4 groups of BMI-defined patients (P=0.679) while ACE II carriers showed higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) (allP<0.050). Hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in these T2DM patients were found to be significantly associated with BMI. In conclusion, the relationship of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with obesity is insignificant in Chinese patients with T2DM. SBP and PP might be higher in the ACE II carriers than in the DD and ID carriers.
The Role of Mitochondria and Oxidative/Antioxidative Imbalance in Pathobiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Białas Adam Jerzy , Sitarek Przemysław , Miłkowska-Dymanowska Joanna , Piotrowski Wojciech Jerzy , Górski Paweł
Published: December 2016

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common preventable and treatable disease, characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases. The major risk factor of COPD, which has been proven in many studies, is the exposure to cigarette smoke. However, it is 15–20% of all smokers who develop COPD. This is why we should recognize the pathobiology of COPD as involving a complex interaction between several factors, including genetic vulnerability. Oxidant‐antioxidant imbalance is recognized as one of the significant factors in COPD pathogenesis. Numerous exogenous and endogenous sources of ROS are present in pathobiology of COPD. One of endogenous sources of ROS is mitochondria. Although leakage of electrons from electron transport chain and forming of ROS are the effect of physiological functioning of mitochondria, there are various intra‐ and extracellular factors which may increase this amount and significantly contribute to oxidative‐antioxidative imbalance. With the coexistence with impaired antioxidant defence, all these issues lead to oxidative and carbonyl stress. Both of these states play a significant role in pathobiology of COPD and may account for development of major comorbidities of this disease.
The Effect of Eighteen-Month Metformin Treatment in Obese Adolescents: Comparison of Results Obtained in Daily Practice with Results from a Clinical Trial
Authors: van der Aa Marloes P. , Hoving Vera , van de Garde Ewoudt M. W. , de Boer Antonius , Knibbe Catherijne A. J. , van der Vorst Marja M. J.
Published: December 2016

Background. In a recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) in obese adolescents, 18 month-treatment with metformin versus placebo was reported to lead to stabilisation of the BMI. This study aimed to compare the effect of metformin on BMI in obese adolescents in daily practice versus results obtained in an RCT.Methods. Obese adolescents treated off label with metformin in daily practice in an outpatient clinic with a follow-up of ≥18 months were identified. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected at baseline and at 18 months. Patients treated with metformin for 18 months in an RCT were used for comparison. BMI was compared between the two groups.Results. Nineteen patients (median age 14.3 (interquartile range 11.7–15.7) years, BMI 31.3 (28.8–33.8) kg/m2) treated in daily practice were compared to 23 patients receiving metformin in the RCT (age 13.6 (12.6–15.3) years, BMI 29.8 (28.1–34.5) kg/m2). BMI change after 18 months was −0.36 (−2.10–1.58) versus +0.22 (−2.87–1.27) kg/m2for the two groups, respectively. In the multivariable model, BMI change was not statistically significantly different between the two groups (p=0.61).Conclusion. Treatment with metformin in obese adolescents in daily practice resulted in a comparable change in BMI as observed in an RCT. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov number:NCT01487993.
The Hedgehog Signaling Networks in Lung Cancer: The Mechanisms and Roles in Tumor Progression and Implications for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Abe Yoshinori , Tanaka Nobuyuki
Published: December 2016

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide and is classified into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Several gene mutations that contribute to aberrant cell proliferation have been identified in lung adenocarcinoma, a part of NSCLC. Various anticancer drugs that target these mutated molecules have been developed for NSCLC treatment. However, although molecularly targeted drugs are initially effective for patients, the 5-year survival rate remains low because of tumor relapse. Therefore, more effective drugs for lung cancer treatment should be developed. The hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway contributes to organ development and stem cell maintenance, and aberrant activation of this signaling pathway is observed in various cancers including lung cancer. In lung cancer, HH signaling pathway upregulates cancer cell proliferation and maintains cancer stem cells as well as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Furthermore, physical contact between CAFs and NSCLC cells induces HH signaling pathway activation in NSCLC cells to enhance their metastatic potential. Therefore, HH signaling pathway inhibitors could be a useful option for lung cancer therapy.
Bearing Capacities of Different-Diameter Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes under Axial Compression
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Tang Zhenyun , Li Zhenbao , Ma Hua
Published: December 2016

The bearing capacities of concrete-filled steel tubes are normally derived through experiments with small-scale specimens, but it is uncertain whether such derivations are appropriate for the much larger components used in practical engineering. This study therefore investigates the effect of different diameters (219, 426, 630, and 820 mm) on the axial compression of short concrete columns in steel (Q235) tubes. It is found that the peak nominal stress decreases with increasing specimen size and that the axial bearing capacity is determined by three separate components: the cylinder compressive strength of the concrete, the improvement in strength due to the confining effect of the steel tube, and the longitudinal strength of the steel tube. At peak load, increases in the specimen diameter reduce the hoop stresses in the steel tube, thereby reducing the strengthening effect of confinement. Vertical stress in the steel tube is increased with diameter; therefore, the axial bearing capacity of the steel tube is directly related to the specimen size. Size effect coefficients for these three aspects of bearing capacity are defined and used to develop a size-dependent model for predicting the axial bearing capacity of large, concrete-filled steel tubes. The model is then validated against experimental data.
A Cost-Sensitive Sparse Representation Based Classification for Class-Imbalance Problem
Authors: Liu Zhenbing , Gao Chunyang , Yang Huihua , He Qijia
Published: December 2016

Sparse representation has been successfully used in pattern recognition and machine learning. However, most existing sparse representation based classification (SRC) methods are to achieve the highest classification accuracy, assuming the same losses for different misclassifications. This assumption, however, may not hold in many practical applications as different types of misclassification could lead to different losses. In real-world application, much data sets are imbalanced of the class distribution. To address these problems, we propose a cost-sensitive sparse representation based classification (CSSRC) for class-imbalance problem method by using probabilistic modeling. Unlike traditional SRC methods, we predict the class label of test samples by minimizing the misclassification losses, which are obtained via computing the posterior probabilities. Experimental results on the UCI databases validate the efficacy of the proposed approach on average misclassification cost, positive class misclassification rate, and negative class misclassification rate. In addition, we sampled test samples and training samples with different imbalance ratio and use F-measure, G-mean, classification accuracy, and running time to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The experiments show that our proposed method performs competitively compared to SRC, CSSVM, and CS4VM.
Comparison of Sexual Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior between Female Chinese College Students from Urban Areas and Rural Areas: A Hidden Challenge for HIV/AIDS Control in China
Authors: Chen Min , Liao Yong , Liu Jia , Fang Wenjie , Hong Nan , Ye Xiaofei , Li Jianjun , Tang Qinglong , Pan Weihua , Liao Wanqing
Published: December 2016

Currently, research in sexual behavior and awareness in female Chinese college students (FCCSs) is limited, particularly regarding the difference and the influencing factors between students from rural areas and urban areas. To fill the gap in available data, a cross-sectional study using anonymous questionnaires was conducted among 3193 female students from six universities located in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, China, from February to June, 2013. Of the 2669 respondents, 20.6% and 20.9% of the students from urban and rural areas, respectively, reported being sexually experienced. The proportion of students who received safe-sex education prior to entering university from rural areas (22.4%, 134/598) was lower (P<0.0001) than the proportion from urban areas (41.8%, 865/2071). Sexual behavior has become increasingly common among FCCSs, including high-risk sexual behavior such as unprotected commercial sex. However, knowledge concerning human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) transmission and the risks is insufficient, particularly for those from rural areas, which is a challenge for HIV/AIDS control in China. The Chinese government should establish more specific HIV/AIDS prevention policies for Chinese young women, strengthen sex education, and continue to perform relevant research.
Olive Stone Ash as Secondary Raw Material for Fired Clay Bricks
Authors: Eliche-Quesada D. , Felipe-Sesé M. A. , Infantes-Molina A.
Published: December 2016

This work evaluates the effect of incorporation of olive stone ash, as secondary raw material, on the properties of fired clay bricks. To this end, three compositions containing 10, 20, and 30 wt% olive stone ash in a mixture of clays (30 wt% red, 30 wt% yellow, and 40 wt% black clay) from Spain were prepared. The raw materials, clay and olive stone ash, were characterized by means of XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS, and TG-TDA analysis. The engineering properties of the press molded specimens fired at 900°C (4 h) such as linear shrinkage, bulk density, apparent porosity, water absorption, and compressive strength were evaluated. The results indicated that the incorporation of 10 wt% of olive stone ash produced bricks with suitable technological properties, with values of compressive strength of 41.9 MPa but with a reduced bulk density, by almost 4%. By contrast, the incorporation of 20 wt% and 30 wt% sharply increased the water absorption as a consequence of the large amount of open porosity and low mechanical strength presented by these formulations, which do not meet the standards for their use as face bricks. The bricks do not present environmental problems according to the leaching test.
Oral Administration ofLactobacillus plantarum299v Reduces Cortisol Levels in Human Saliva during Examination Induced Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Andersson Hannah , Tullberg Cecilia , Ahrné Siv , Hamberg Kristina , Lazou Ahrén Irini , Molin Göran , Sonesson Mikael , Håkansson Åsa
Published: December 2016

Objective. To clarify the effect ofLactobacillus plantarum299v on the salivary cortisol and salivary IgA levels in young adults under examination stress.Design. Forty-one students with an upcoming academic exam were included in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The probiotic bacteria or the placebo product was administered in capsules once a day during 14 days. Saliva was collected and a perceived stress test was filled out at each sampling occasion. Saliva was collected for cortisol analysis by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLI) and salivary IgA was analysed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Abundance of lactobacilli was evaluated by cultivation of saliva on selective medium and identification ofL. plantarum299v was done on randomly selected colonies by a random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing.Results. A significant difference in cortisol levels was found between the treatment group and the placebo group (P<0.05), together with a significant increase in levels of lactobacilli in the treatment group compared with the placebo group (P<0.001). No significant changes were found for salivary IgA.Conclusion. A probiotic bacterium with ability to reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) prohibited increased levels of the stress marker cortisol during the examination period. The registration number of the study isNCT02974894, and the study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.
A Rare Case of Extramedullary T/Myeloid Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(1;5)(q23;q33)
Authors: Monabati Ahmad , Safaei Akbar , Nouri Sadat , Safavi Moeinadin , Solhjoo Freidoon
Published: December 2016

Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a rare neoplasm which accounts for 2–5% of all leukemias and it is classified under heading of acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage in 2008 WHO classification. This patient was a 61-year-old man who presented with malaise and weakness. In physical examination there was cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy. Paraclinical evaluation revealed anemia (Hb = 10.3 g/dL, MCV = 108 fl). Histologic sections of the axillary lymph node revealed leukemic involvement with two discrete populations of cells in immunohistochemistry. One population was immunoreactive for MPO and the other showed immunostaining for CD3, CD99, and tdt. Differential count of bone marrow cells in marrow aspirate had 6% blast. Karyotype study on bone marrow culture depicted an interesting finding which was t(1;5)(q23;q33). An extensive search on literature was done for the same genetic change. A similar translocation has been mentioned in literature for other hematologic malignancies but not for same neoplasm; anyhow this translocation was an imbalanced one and led to der(5)t(1;5)(q12-25;q13-q35).
The Influence of Pain Severity and Interference on Satisfaction with Pain Management among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Authors: Baker Tamara A. , Krok-Schoen Jessica L. , O’Connor Melissa L. , Brooks Amber K.
Published: December 2016

Background. Health outcomes are often contingent on how effective the individual is able to manage existent illness-related symptoms. This is all the more relevant among chronic pain patients. Objective. This study aimed to identify indicators of pain treatment satisfaction among middle-aged and older adults (N=150) receiving outpatient treatment from a comprehensive cancer center. Methods. Patients were surveyed on questions assessing pain treatment satisfaction, pain severity, and additional social characteristics. Results. Descriptive data showed that middle-aged adults reported more pain locations, greater pain severity, and less satisfaction with pain treatment. A multivariate model was specified, showing older adults being more satisfied with their pain treatment. For the middle-aged adults, treatment satisfaction was generally lower with greater pain severity. This counters that for the older adults, where treatment satisfaction remained consistent despite increased levels of pain severity. Conclusion. These findings address an important issue regarding how pain is experienced across the life course. This suggests that general assumptions cannot be made about the health outcomes of older adults. Beyond the descriptive definitions of pain, there remains the need to develop models that account for determinants that may account for the pain experience among a diverse adult population.
Postpneumonectomy Compression of the Mitral Annulus: Rare Vascular Complication in Sportive Patient
Authors: Debeaumont David , Bota Susana , Baste Jean-Marc , Bellefleur Marie , Stepowski Dimitri , Vincent Florence , Bonnevie Tristan , Gravier Francis-Edouard , Netchitailo Marie , Tardif Catherine , Boutry Alain , Muir Jean-François , Coquart Jérémy
Published: December 2016

Numerous postpneumonectomy complications exist. We present a rare clinical case of postpneumonectomy exertional dyspnea revealing compression of the mitral annulus by the descending aorta. The patient was 42-year-old former smoker with pulmonary emphysema. He has been operated on, in 2012 (i.e., right pneumonectomy). Before the surgery, the patient was a recreational runner. However, after some months, it was difficult for the patient to resume running. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing indicated moderate exercise intolerance with important oxygen desaturation. More interestingly, a decrease of low oxygen pulse was noticed from the first ventilatory threshold with no electrical modification on the electrocardiogram. This decrease was indicative of a decline in stroke volume. The thoracic scan revealed a right pneumonectomy pocket with a liquid abnormal content. Moreover, the mediastinum had shifted toward the pneumonectomy space and the left lung was distended and emphysematous. Echocardiography revealed a major change in the mediastinal anatomy. The mitral annulus was observed to be compressed by the rear wall of the descending aorta. The diagnosis of postpneumonectomy syndrome or platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome was ruled out in this patient. Mitral annular compression by the descending aorta is rare complication, which must be researched in patients with postpneumonectomy exertional dyspnea.
LISP Optimisation of Mobile Data Streaming in Connected Societies
Authors: Balan T. , Robu D. , Sandu F.
Published: December 2016

Mobility mechanisms are key elements of “always connected” smart environments. Since the first mobile IPv4 protocols, the IP mobility solutions have evolved from host mobility to network mobility and migration to IPv6, but there are still use-cases to be covered, especially for redundant multihomed scenarios. Also mobility does not refer only to hosts or individuals, but also to code/applications and to virtual machines. LISP (Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol) can contribute to new solutions for both host mobility and virtual machine mobility (e.g., inside enterprise data centers) by the separation of the identifier and location of a network endpoint. The aim of this paper is to propose a LISP based multihome and load-balanced network architecture for urban environments. Validation is done in an emulated environment for the case of an enterprise with distributed locations, but, furthermore, we extrapolate to other mobile urban scenarios, like the case of providing reliable load-balanced and secured Internet in Public Transportation Systems, with a proposal for an open-source implementation.
Functional Roles of Pattern Recognition Receptors That Recognize Virus Nucleic Acids in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Yu Lili , Xu Yongtao , Wang Fangchao , Yang Can , Liu Guoyan , Song Xiangfeng
Published: December 2016

Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells with the capability to modulate immune responses. Evidence showing that hAD-MSCs could mediate innate immune responses through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is increasing. However, the roles of PRRs in regulating the innate sensing of virus nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) in hAD-MSCs have not yet been investigated. This study focused on the abundant expression of PRRs, including Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), which recognize viral RNA, and gamma-interferon inducible protein 16 (IFI16), which recognizes viral DNA in hAD-MSCs. Poly(I:C), a synthetic dsRNA analogy, activated TLR3 and RIG-I and induced the expression of type I interferons (IFN-α/β) and antivirus proteins, including IFN-stimulating gene 15, 2′5′-oligoadenylate synthetase, and Mx GTPase 1 in hAD-MSCs, which were attenuated by the knockdown of each TLR3 or RIG-I. Synthetic herpes simplex viral DNA (HSV60) activated IFI16 and induced the expression of IFN-α/β and antivirus proteins in hAD-MSCs, which were inhibited by the knockdown of IFI16. Both poly(I:C) and HSV60 induced the expression of IFN-α/β through the phosphorylation of IFN-regulatory factor 3. All these results indicated that PRRs recognizing virus nucleic acids were expressed and can mediate antivirus responses in hAD-MSCs.
Immune Cytolytic Activity Stratifies Molecular Subsets of Human Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Balli David , Rech Andrew J. , Stanger Ben Z. , Vonderheide Robert H.
Published: December 2016

Purpose: Immunotherapy has the potential to improve the dismal prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), but clinical trials, including those with single-agent PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibition, have been disappointing. Our aim was to examine the immune landscape of PDA as it relates to aspects of tumor biology, including neoepitope burden.

Experimental Design: We used publicly available expression data from 134 primary resection PDA samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas to stratify patients according to a cytolytic T-cell activity expression index. We correlated cytolytic immune activity with mutational, structural, and neoepitope features of the tumor.

Results: Human PDA displays a range of intratumoral cytolytic T-cell activity. PDA tumors with low cytolytic activity exhibited significantly increased copy number alterations, including recurrent amplifications of MYC and NOTCH2 and recurrent deletions and mutations of CDKN2A/B. In sharp contrast to other tumor types, high cytolytic activity in PDA did not correlate with increased mutational burden or neoepitope load (MHC class I and class II). Cytolytic-high tumors exhibited increased expression of multiple immune checkpoint genes compared to cytolytic-low tumors, except for PD-L1 expression, which was uniformly low.

Conclusions: These data identify a subset of human PDA with high cytolytic T-cell activity. Rather than being linked to mutation burden or neoepitope load, immune activation indices in PDA were inversely linked to genomic alterations, suggesting that intrinsic oncogenic processes drive immune inactivity in human PDA. Furthermore, these data highlight the potential importance of immune checkpoints other than PD-L1/PD-1 as therapeutic targets in this lethal disease. Clin Cancer Res; 23(12); 3129–38. ©2016 AACR.
Inhibition of Rac1 Signaling Downregulates Inflammasome Activation and Attenuates Lung Injury in Neonatal Rats Exposed to Hyperoxia
Authors: Hummler Julia K. , Dapaah-siakwan Fredrick , Vaidya Ruben , Zambrano Ronald , Luo Siwei , Chen Shaoyi , Kerr Nadine , de Rivero Vaccari Juan Pablo , Keane Robert W. , Dietrich W. Dalton , Bancalari Eduardo , Young Karen C. , Wu Shu
Published: December 2016

Background: Inflammatory injury, particularly the production of active interleukin (IL)-1β plays a major role in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. The release of active IL-1β is controlled by posttranscriptional modifications of its proform (pro-IL-1β) through the inflammasome. Rac1 is a member of the Rho family of GTPases that regulate the inflammatory process. Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that Rac1 signaling increases inflammasome activation that results in damaging inflammation, and that the inhibition of Rac1 signaling prevents lung injury, by inhibiting inflammasome activation in a newborn rat model of BPD induced by hyperoxia. Methods: Newborn rat pups were exposed to room air or hyperoxia (85% O2) and received daily intraperitoneal injections of placebo (normal saline) or NSC23766, a specific Rac1 inhibitor, for 10 days. The effects on lung inflammation, alveolarization, vascular development, vascular remodeling, right ventricular systolic pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) were then assessed. Results: Hyperoxia exposure upregulated Rac1 and increased the production of active IL-1β, which was accompanied by increasing expression of the inflammasome. In addition, hyperoxia induced the pathological hallmarks of BPD. However, treatment with NSC23766 significantly decreased inflammasome activation and macrophage infiltration, improved alveolar and vascular development, and reduced pulmonary vascular remodeling and RVH. Conclusion: These results indicate that Rac1 signaling regulates the expression of the inflammasome and plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hyperoxia-induced neonatal lung injury. Therefore, targeting Rac1 signaling may provide a novel strategy to prevent and treat BPD in preterm infants.
Thoracoabdominal Asynchrony Is Not Associated with Oxyhemoglobin Saturation in Recovering Premature Infants
Authors: Brennan Colleen , Ulm Lara , Julian Samuel , Hamvas Aaron , Ferkol Thomas , Hoffman Julie , Linneman Laura , Kemp James
Published: December 2016

Background: Recovering premature infants are at risk for hypoxemia and lack of synchrony between their rib cage and abdomen due to airflow obstruction and poor respiratory compliance. Thoracoabdominal asynchrony (TAA) is a useful marker of resistive and elastic lung properties. Whether TAA predicts oxygenation is unknown. Objectives: We investigated oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2%) and TAA (phase angle, φ) in preterm infants with/without high-humidity nasal cannula (HHNC). Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 92 infants at 32 weeks' postmenstrual age. We measured SpO2% with pulse oximetry and TAA with φ via respiratory inductance plethysmography in infants (mean gestational age: 26.4 + 1.3 weeks) who required room air (n = 18) or HHNC with/without supplemental oxygen (1-5 liters per minute, FiO2 0.21-0.33, n = 74). We calculated median SpO2% from 24.7 + 10.0 min of quiet sleep and median φ from up to 60 breaths. Results: Infants breathing room air alone had marked TAA (φ = 83.6 + 32.9°, range: 10.9-148.5) as did those receiving varying degrees of ventilatory and oxygen support via HHNC (range of group means, φ = 47.0-90.0°). Infants breathing room air had statically greater median SpO2% than those receiving support (96.3 + 0.6% vs. 91.3 + 0.6%; ANOVA p = 0.001). SpO2% was not associated with TAA in either group (r2 = 0.09). Conclusion: Recovering premature infants exhibited TAA regardless of need for ventilatory support and supplemental oxygen. TAA was not associated with SpO2% in either group. Maintenance of SpO2% does not require correction of TAA.
Innate Obesity, Revealed by Selection Markers, Confers Significant Imprint of Hypothalamic Genes Controlling Energy Expenditure
Authors: Henry Belinda A.
Published: December 2016

The incidence of obesity is rapidly escalating and has reached epidemic proportions. In all species, including rodents, humans, and sheep, there is large variation in the degree of weight gain across individuals in response to an obesogenic environment. This individual variation is, at least in part, determined by innate differences in energy expenditure, of which adaptive thermogenesis is a key component. The hypothalamus is essential to the control of body weight and adiposity. Appetite-regulating peptides within the hypothalamus exert reciprocal effects on food intake and energy expenditure, such that neuropeptides that stimulate food intake inhibit thermogenesis and vice versa. This review discusses the role of the hypothalamic neuropeptides in determining innate predisposition to obesity in 3 animal models being obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rodents, genetically lean and obese sheep, and animals selected for high/low cortisol responsiveness. In rodents, leptin resistance is a primary feature of the propensity to become obese. This contrasts that of larger mammals, such as sheep, where altered susceptibility to obesity manifests within the melanocortin and/or orexin pathways. This review highlights fundamental species differences within the hypothalamus that lead to altered susceptibility to weight gain and increased propensity to become obese.
O legado de Stuart Hall e a Comunicação Comunitária
Authors: Cabral Adilson , Schneider Marco
Published: December 2016

This article advocates the relevance of Stuart Hall’s legacy for the study and practice of Community Communication, highlighting part of his production in the 1970s and 1980s, in which Marxian thought was more present. It is argued that the analysis of the various types of oppression and resistance that permeate the communicational practices only have to gain from its critical articulation to the general plan of the class struggle. It is defended, in epistemological, theoretical and methodological terms, a rapprochement between Cultural Studies and the Political Economy of Information, Communication and Culture, as a movement capable of revealing little explored horizons for the praxis of Community Communication.
A ideologia e a teoria da comunicação
Authors: Hall Stuart
Published: December 2016

Article first published in Rethinking communication, Vol.1 Paradigm Issues, edited by DERVIN, Brenda et al. (1989).
Mujeres en Círculo: análise do ativismo virtual gerado por uma comunidade feminista no facebook
Authors: Rodriguez Deborah
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho pretende analisar as práticas de ativismo virtual geradas no Facebookpela comunidade Mujeres en Círculo e tentar entender, a partir de uma aproximação etnográfica, de que maneira os discursos ali construídos contribuem para o empoderamento das mulheres dentro dos espaços sociais aos quais pertencem e como as narrativas patriarcais sobre gênero são subvertidas por meio dos debates ali gerados.
Dependência mobile: a relação da nova geração com os gadgets móveis digitais
Authors: Dantas Edmundo Brandão , Valim Carneiro Vidal Priscila
Published: December 2016

O artigo aborda a relação das gerações Z e Y com os dispositivos móveis digitais, sintetizando as descobertas verificadas a partir de estudo exploratório e descritivo realizado sobre a interação de ambas com o smartphone. A intenção do estudo foi verificar se a geração Z apresenta maior grau de dependência a esses dispositivos do que a geração Y. Além de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, foi realizada pesquisa de campo, com aplicação de questionários no Distrito Federal, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, bem como é apresentada a análise de relatos de dois indivíduos pertencentes à geração Z que foram impedidos de utilizar seus celulares por um período. O resultado sugere que há maior dependência da geração Z, embora a diferença não seja tão expressiva.
A realidade flutuante em "Insônia"
Authors: Moura Edilson Dias
Published: December 2016

O início do século XX marca, tanto na História como nas artes, o princípio de transformações profundas em todas as instâncias das sociedades. Este ensaio discute como é possível que as chamadas vanguardas, ou o Modernismo, estejam presentes na obra de um autor como Graciliano Ramos, mesmo tendo este manifestado pouco interesse por movimentos dessa natureza. A resposta, a nosso ver, seria o próprio contexto histórico da produção artística, de qual nenhum autor àquela altura podia prescindir, tampouco não tirar dele suas experiências práticas de realização.
Em nome do bem
Authors: Nogueira Roberto Círio
Published: December 2016

O artigo apresenta um estudo comparativo entre o episódio da guerra deflagrada pelo personagem Zé Bebelo, em Grande sertão: veredas, de Guimarães Rosa, e os atentados cometidos pelo narrador-protagonista do conto “O cobrador”, de Rubem Fonseca. Com relação ao primeiro, pretende-se demonstrar sua compreensão idealizada da modernidade, segundo a qual a redenção da condição miserável dos sertanejos só seria possível através de uma revolução que impusesse a ordem republicana no sertão. Já com a análise de “O cobrador”, tencionamos explicitar a dissimulação com a qual o narrador se descreve como quem luta por uma sociedade mais igualitária; objetivo que, à semelhança do ocorrido com Zé Bebelo, também não é alcançado. A frustração dos ideais de ambos os personagens articula-se, por sua vez, a uma imagem de desigualdade social, que aproxima os textos de ambos os autores, justificando a abordagem comparativa.
Paralelismos entre o conto brasileiro da Caipora e o conto turco de Depegöz
Authors: Pinto Marco Syrayama de
Published: December 2016

Muito se escreveu acerca de vários aspectos da epopeia grega Odisseia, de Homero. Entretanto, suas influências, ou melhor, paralelismos com contos de outros países foram menos investigados. Neste estudo, confrontamos o conto de Depegöz, contido no ciclo épico turco chamado Dede Korkut Oğuznameleri, traduzido como O livro de Dede Korkut, com um conto brasileiro recolhido no interior do estado de São Paulo. Quanto a qual seja o conto original, se o turco ou o grego, ou mesmo outro, só restam conjecturas.
Giorgio Agamben: sujeito, tempo e relações políticas na contemporaneidade
Authors: Silva Fabiana Carneiro da
Published: December 2016

Resenha do livro O que é o contemporâneo? e outros ensaios, de Giorgio Agamben. Tradução de Vinícius Nicastro Honesko. Chapecó, SC: Argos, 2009.
A identidade franco-brasileira do Visconde de Taunay
Authors: Gregório Paulo Henrique da Silva
Published: December 2016

In his novels, especially those of regional character, Viscountof Taunay has used genuinely national elements,in order to exploit local themes, agreeing to the literarynationalism of the nineteenth-century in Brazil. Besidesthis Brazilianness, we find marks in his work thatreveal traces of Europeanized individuality, whose origincan be assigned to the education received by theirrelatives, from France. This article is focused in thisdouble identity of Taunay. Based on the assumptionsof the imagology, according to Daniel-Henri Pageaux,these images will be analyzed in some of his works, inwhich we will observe how the author, as Brazilian, seemsimbued with French values.
Paródia: a literatura como força subversiva em Olavo Bilac
Authors: Nogueira Clara Miguel Asperti
Published: December 2016

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar alguns textos da coluna semanal “Crônica”, publicada pelo poeta e jornalista Olavo Bilac na Gazeta de Notícias, entre 1897 e 1908, em que recursos retóricos, como a paródia, ganham destaque. Por meio da análise da escrita bilaquiana, procurar-se-á trazer à luz mecanismos linguísticos e literários manuseados pelo jornalista para convencer seus leitores sobre os benefícios sociais e culturais oriundos das reformas urbanísticas e sanitárias capitaneadas pela municipalidade carioca no limiar do século XX.
Cão
Authors: Mantovani Rafael
Published: December 2016

Poemas.
Princípio de sururu no pacato galinheiro
Authors: Alves Laura Penna
Published: December 2016

Editorial
A ideia
Authors: Lacerda Wagner
Published: December 2016

Conto. Texto crítico de Laura Penna Alves, Carolina Messias e Ana Amélia Coelho.
Editorial
Authors: Santos Rogério Fernandes dos
Published: December 2016

Editorial