bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’homosexualité dans le Code pénal suisse de 1942
Authors: Delessert Thierry
Published: June 2016

La construction de l’article sur la « débauche contre nature » dans le Code pénal suisse de 1942 permet d’analyser les influences entre les experts juridiques et les psychiatres, ainsi que la formation d’un consensus entre les traditions criminelles françaises et allemandes. La nouvelle norme dépénalise les actes sexuels entre adultes du même sexe, mais punit spécifiquement les actes commis sur des moins de vingt ans, l’abus de détresse et la prostitution homosexuelle. Les buts sont d’éviter des scandales et des chantages, voire le suicide des concernés, entre autres. Plus encore, cet article de loi vise à prévenir le développement d’un militantisme aussi visible qu’a connu l’Allemagne avant l’arrivée au pouvoir des nazis.
Estructuras de fábrica: enfoques «antiguos» y «modernos» para fenómenos muy locales
Authors: Magdalena-Layos F. , García-Muñoz J. , Mencias-Carrizosa D.
Published: June 2016

Para estudiar ciertos fenómenos de comportamiento local en las estructuras históricas de fábrica se propone la caracterización del material como un medio discontinuo. Se implementan tres métodos: uno experimental, fotoelástico, y dos numéricos, elementos finitos heterogéneos y bloques rígidos en contacto unilateral. De la comparación cualitativa de los resultados se deduce que las irregularidades aleatorias en el contacto entre piezas desempeñan un importante papel en la explicación del comportamiento local de la fábrica. La comparación cuantitativa con los resultados de ensayos de carga realizados previamente sobre muros aparejados en seco apoyan esta hipótesis. Los resultados obtenidos son muy esperanzadores y hacen pensar que es necesario profundizar en el desarrollo de enfoques de este tipo que, aún siendo relativamente comunes en el campo de los medios granulares, han sido muy escasos en el campo de las estructuras históricas de fábrica.
Remote Gripping for Effective Bilateral Teleoperation
Authors: Abeykoon A.M. Harsha S. , Ruwanthika R.M. Maheshi
Published: June 2016

Accessibility for remote locations could be easily overcome by teleoperation. When manipulating an object at a remote place, it is beneficial if the operator is capable of feeling the force and position information including environmental object impedance for successful remote manipulation. In this chapter, bilateral control, based on acceleration architecture is explained from the basics starting from the human's haptic perception. The sensorless sensing mechanism “Reaction Torque Observer” is applied to the gripper which enables the operator to feel the remote environment while on remote manipulation. “Disturbance Observer” which is a popular control tool used to attain robustness is also successfully adopted for this application. Further, authors introduce force lock during bilateral teleoperation, which facilitate handling delicate objects. Practical as well as experimental results are discussed and the chapter concludes with suggestions for possible future research directions.
Towards an Inclusive Walk-in Customer Service Facility
Authors: Cinto Tiago
Published: June 2016

It is estimated that 15% of the world's population has some sort of physical or sensory disability, according to the World Health Organization (2011). In an era marked by the rising of new technological devices, the inclusion of this public in digital environments still faces many obstacles, what frequently lets it out of this informational society. In this sense, Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais – CEMIG, one of the biggest Brazilian electrical energy utility company, has started to design and deploy a high-tech, user-friendly, inclusive customer service facility aimed at rendering a wide range of services by means of several gadgets such as self-service kiosks, tablets, and interactive panels and tables to help address the digital divide. For doing so, the applications to be developed and run on those devices need to be carefully studied and previously tested in order to meet the needs and expectations of the target audience. This paper describes the process of designing these innovative solutions to meet the demands of this new service channel.
Interactive/Automated Method to Count Bacterial Colonies
Authors: Monteiro Fernando C. , Ribeiro João , Martins Ramiro
Published: June 2016

Counting of bacterial colonies on agar plates is a routine practice to get a rough estimate of the number of viable cells in a sample. The number of colonies in a culture is predominantly manually counted to calculate the concentration of bacteria in the original broth; however, manual counting can be tedious, time-consuming and imprecise. Automation of colony counting has been of increasing interest for many decades, and these methods have been shown to be more consistent than manual counting. Significant limitations of many algorithms used in automated systems are their inability to recognize overlapping colonies as distinct and to count colonies on the plate boundary. This study proposes an interactive counting system and a fully automated system using image processing which overcomes these problems. The proposed system is capable to reduce the manpower and time required for counting while taking account colonies both around the central area and boundary areas of the dish. These systems are part of an application to count colonies based in a mobile phone camera.
Palliative Care
Authors: Hua May
Published: June 2016

Palliative care is a specialty of medicine that focuses on improving quality of life for patients with serious illness and their families. As the limitations of intensive care and the long-term sequelae of critical illness continue to be delimited, the role of palliative care for patients that are unable to achieve their original goals of care, as well as for survivors of critical illness, is changing and expanding. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce readers to the specialty of palliative care and its potential benefits for critically ill patients, and to present some of the issues related to the delivery of palliative care in surgical units.
The History and Development of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSARs)
Authors: Dearden John C.
Published: June 2016

It is widely accepted that modern QSAR began in the early 1960s. However, as long ago as 1816 scientists were making predictions about physical and chemical properties. The first investigations into the correlation of biological activities with physicochemical properties such as molecular weight and aqueous solubility began in 1841, almost 60 years before the important work of Overton and Meyer linking aquatic toxicity to lipid-water partitioning. Throughout the 20th century QSAR progressed, though there were many lean years. In 1962 came the seminal work of Corwin Hansch and co-workers, which stimulated a huge interest in the prediction of biological activities. Initially that interest lay largely within medicinal chemistry and drug design, but in the 1970s and 1980s, with increasing ecotoxicological concerns, QSAR modelling of environmental toxicities began to grow, especially once regulatory authorities became involved. Since then QSAR has continued to expand, with over 1400 publications annually from 2011 onwards.
QSAR Models towards Cholinesterase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Mohan C. Gopi , Gupta Shikhar
Published: June 2016

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurological syndrome with the combination of aging, genetic, and environmental factors triggering the pathological decline. Interestingly, the importance of the Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme has increased due to its involvement in the ß-amyloid peptide fibril formation during AD pathogenesis. In silico technique, QSAR has proven its usefulness in pharmaceutical research for the design/optimization of new chemical entities. Further, QSAR method advanced the scope of rational drug design and the search for the mechanism of drug action. It is a well-established fact that the chemical and pharmaceutical effects of a compound are closely related to its physico-chemical properties, which can be calculated by various methods from the compound structure. This chapter focuses on different Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies carried out for a variety of cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of AD. These predictive models will be potentially used for further designing better and safer drugs against AD.
Recent Advancements in Docking Methodologies
Authors: Srivastav Vijay Kumar , Singh Vineet , Tiwari Meena
Published: June 2016

Nowadays molecular docking has become an important methodology in CADD (Computer-Aided Drug Design)-assisted drug discovery process. It is an important computational tool widely used to predict binding mode, binding affinity and binding free energy of a protein-ligand complex. The important factors responsible for accurate results in docking studies are correct binding site prediction, use of suitable small-molecule databases, consistent docking pose, high dock score with good MD (Molecular Dynamics), clarity whether the compound is an inhibitor or agonist, etc. However, still there are several limitations which make it difficult to obtain accurate results from docking studies. In this chapter, the main focus is on recent advancements in various aspects of molecular docking such as ligand sampling, protein flexibility, scoring functions, fragment docking, post-processing, docking into homology models and protein-protein docking.
Scoring Functions of Protein-Ligand Interactions
Authors: Yan Zhiqiang , Wang Jin
Published: June 2016

Scoring function of protein-ligand interactions is used to recognize the “native” binding pose of a ligand on the protein and to predict the binding affinity, so that the active small molecules can be discriminated from the non-active ones. Scoring function is widely used in computationally molecular docking and structure-based drug discovery. The development and improvement of scoring functions have broad implications in pharmaceutical industry and academic research. During the past three decades, much progress have been made in methodology and accuracy for scoring functions, and many successful cases have be witnessed in virtual database screening. In this chapter, the authors introduced the basic types of scoring functions and their derivations, the commonly-used evaluation methods and benchmarks, as well as the underlying challenges and current solutions. Finally, the authors discussed the promising directions to improve and develop scoring functions for future molecular docking-based drug discovery.
Influência da uniformidade de aplicação de água e da lâmina de irrigação na produção da cultura do milho
Authors: Freitas Paulo Sergio Lourenço de , Mantovani Everardo Chartuni , Sediyama Gilberto Chohaku , Costa Luiz Claudio
Published: June 2016

Avaliaram-se, no experimento, os efeitos de duas uniformidades, uma alta (> 80%) e a outra baixa ( < 70%), com o coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen de aproximadamente 82 e 67%, respectivamente, na aplicação da lâmina de água por meio de um sistema de irrigação por aspersão convencional e cinco lâminas de água na cultura do milho, Zea mays L. (Poaceae). O tratamento com a lâmina de água adequada foi denominado de L1, e os demais, L2, L3, L4 e L5, receberam lâminas de água relativas ao tratamento L1, da seguinte forma: 50, 75 125 e 150%, respectivamente. A semeadura foi realizada no dia 17 de maio e a colheita, no dia 23 de novembro de 1999. Utilizou-se o cultivar BR 201. A uniformidade de aplicação de água, 84 e 67%, para os tratamentos L1A e L1B, respectivamente, influenciou a produtividade da cultura do milho, sendo estas de 6.360 e 4.675 kg . ha-1, respectivamente
Influência do nível de energia aplicado sobre a curva de compactação de três Latossolos
Authors: Mata Jose De Deus Viana da , Neiro Everton Da Silva , Tormena Cassio Antonio , Andrade Gonçalves Antonio Carlos , Gonçalves da Silva Maria Anita , De Paula Souza Marcos Luiz , Faure Alan G.
Published: June 2016

Amostras de solo deformado, obtidas na camada superficial de três Latossolos, foram compactadas, artificialmente, utilizando-se o sistema Proctor, adaptado para mini amostras, empregando-se três níveis de energia de compactação (E1, igual a 416,5 KJ m-3 ± 20,5; E2, igual a 694 KJ m-3 ± 35 e E3, igual a 1676 KJm-3 ± 84). A umidade do solo variou do estado correspondente a solo seco ao ar até à saturação. A densidade do solo (Ds), como indicador de compactação, bem como a umidade do solo, comportaram-se igualmente nos três latossolos, ou seja, a Ds aumentou e a umidade do solo para atingi-la decresceu, com o emprego de maior energia de compactação. O LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Eutrófico apresentou a maior amplitude de umidade para tráfego ou mobilização. O LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distroférrico e o LATOSSOLO BRUNO Distrófico apresentaram o mesmo comportamento frente às três energias de compactação
Propriedades físicas de um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distrófico influenciadas por sistemas de preparo do solo utilizados para implantação da cultura da mandioca
Authors: Watanabe Sergio Hitoshi , Tormena Cássio Antonio , Araujo Marcelo Alessandro , Vidigal Filho Pedro Soares , Pintro Jose Carlos , Saraiva da Costa Antonio Carlos , Muniz Antonio Saraiva
Published: June 2016

A região Noroeste do Estado do Paraná apresenta, na maior parte da sua extensão, solos de textura média a arenosa que, dependendo do sistema de preparo e manejo do solo e das culturas, podem ser predispostos a elevados níveis de degradação física. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar algumas propriedades físicas de um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distrófico, sob três sistemas de preparo do solo, para a implantação da cultura da mandioca (Euphorbiaceae). O experimento foi instalado em área da Fazenda Experimental Pinduca Ltda, Araruna, Estado do Paraná. Os sistemas de preparo adotados foram: plantio direto da mandioca na palhada da cultura da aveia sem revolvimento do solo, plantio em áreas sob preparo mínimo com escarificação e, preparo convencional com aração com arado de aivecas e gradagem. As propriedades físicas do solo avaliadas foram: distribuição dos tamanhos de agregados por peneiramento a seco, resistência do solo à penetração, densidade e porosidade do solo. Os resultados indicaram que os sistemas de preparo considerados levaram a alterações significativas na maioria das propriedades físicas avaliadas. O diâmetro médio ponderado e geométrico dos agregados foi significativamente maior no sistema de plantio direto em relação ao preparo mínimo e o preparo convencional. O plantio direto promoveu aumentos na densidade do solo e redução na macroporosidade em comparação com os outros sistemas de preparo. A resistência do solo à penetração apresentou valores considerados restritivos ao crescimento da cultura da mandioca no tratamento submetido ao sistema de plantio direto, em comparação com os sistemas de preparo mínimo e convencional
Análise do DNA plasmidial de Rhizoctonia spp. associadas com feijoeiro e amendoinzeiro
Authors: Silva Ricardo Ferrari , Kuramae Eiko Eurya
Published: June 2016

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo isolar plasmídios de Rhizoctonia solani e Rhizoctonia spp. binucleada e verificar sua presença com patogenicidade. Isolados de Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 HGI, obtidos de feijoeiro, e isolados hipovirulentos de Rhizoctonia spp. binucleada, obtidos de feijoeiro e de amendoinzeiro, coletados em diversas regiões produtoras do Estado de São Paulo foram analisados quanto à presença de DNA plasmidial. Foi constatado DNA plasmidial no isolado FJ-39.10, obtido de Rhizoctonia solani em feijoeiro, com tamanho de 2,6 kb. Não foi possível estabelecer correlação entre a presença de plasmídios e a virulência ou hipovirulência dos isolados
Modelo matemático para simulação de resfriamento de produtos agrícolas em fluxos contracorrentes
Authors: Dalpasquale Valdedir Antoninho
Published: June 2016

O resfriamento de produtos agrícolas secos em altas temperaturas, apesar de técnica e economicamente vantajoso, tem sido relegado a segundo plano porque não se tem conduzido experimentos a respeito. A razão desses não terem sido conduzidos foi devido à ausência de modelo de simulação capaz de viabilizar sua utilização em fluxos contracorrentes, uma vez que a simulação matemática permite a obtenção de resultados em curto período de tempo e com poucos investimentos financeiros. O modelo de simulação de secagem em fluxos contracorrentes da MSU, o modelo mais completo atualmente disponível, tem solução de natureza logarítmica positiva, o que dificulta sua obtenção. Nova demonstração daquele modelo resultou em outro com solução de natureza logarítmica negativa, o que lhe garante convergência para o resultado. Após otimização desse novo modelo em cada sistema de secagem onde for utilizado, torna-se possível dimensionar não apenas resfriamento em fluxos contracorrentes de produtos secados em altas temperaturas, mas também viabiliza o dimensionamento de sistemas de secagem e de pré-aquecimento nesse tipo de fluxo
Alabama argillacea (Hübner, 1818) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) e Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) em genótipos de algodoeiro: preferência para oviposição e capacidade predatória
Authors: Dos Santos Terezinha Monteiro , Boiça Junior Arlindo Leal
Published: June 2016

Estudou-se a influência de genótipos de algodoeiro contrastantes quanto ao teor de gossipol, sobre a preferência de oviposição de Alabama argillacea (Hübner, 1818) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) e de Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) e a capacidade de predação desse inimigo natural. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação, utilizando-se os genótipos CNPA Precoce 1, CNPA 9211-31, CNPA 9211-41 e GL2 GL3 em testes de livre escolha e confinamento. A média do número total de ovos colocados por A. argillacea/folha/genótipo no teste de livre escolha variou de 19,9 a 27,6 e de 14,1 a 17,3 ovos no teste de confinamento. O número médio de ovos de P. nigrispinus em teste de livre escolha variou de 8,5 a 29,6 nos genótipos CNPA 9211-41 e GL2 GL3, respectivamente. No teste de confinamento, as fêmeas desse predador ovipositaram em média, 45,8; 49,3; 51,7 e 56,0 ovos, nos genótipos CNPA 9211-41, CNPA 9211-31, CNPA Precoce 1 e GL2 GL3, respectivamente. Os genótipos de algodoeiro não apresentaram resistência do tipo não-preferência para oviposição a A. argillacea e não afetaram a oviposição de P. nigrispinus e nem sua capacidade diária de predação de lagartas de A. argillacea
Efeito do estresse hídrico sobre características de crescimento e a produção de óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifólia Cheel
Authors: Silva Silvia R.S. , Demuner Antonio Jacinto , De Almeida Barbosa Luiz Claudio , Dias Casali Vicente Wagner , Nascimento Evandro A. , Pinheiro Antonio Lelis
Published: June 2016

O efeito de estresse hídrico sobre o teor, a composição química do óleo essencial e o crescimento de Melaleuca alternifólia Cheel (Myrtaceae) foi estudado. Cada tratamento constituiu-se de um regime hídrico: 1- irrigação em dias alternados com 0,5 L de água por vaso; 2- irrigação diária com 1 L de água por vaso; 3- lâmina de 1 cm de água (1 L) e 4- lâmina de 10 cm de água (12 L). A deficiência hídrica severa diminuiu o crescimento, a produção de biomassa fresca e seca das plantas e o teor de óleo essencial. Os principais constituintes do óleo essencial de M. alternifólia não diferiram significativamente entre os tratamentos, com 1,77 a 3,22% para o p-cimeno, 1,86 a 3,54% para o 1,8-cineol, 9,05 a 10,25% para o -terpineol, 19,10 a 20,80% para o γ-terpineno e 37,89 a 39,37% para terpinen-4-ol
Estabelecimento de plantas e produtividade de grãos de duas cultivares de arroz no sistema pré-germinado
Authors: Silva Rosemeire Helena da , Lauretti Renato Luis Bertoni , Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Andreotti Marcelo , Pupo Gonçalves José Ricardo
Published: June 2016

O experimento foi conduzido em caixas de cimento amianto com capacidade de 500 litros, contendo solo Neossolo Flúvicos Ta Eutrófico. Os tratamentos foram duas cultivares de arroz irrigado (IAC 102 e Epagri 108) e três manejos da lâmina de água (1- semeadura em lâmina de água e manutenção constante dessa; 2 - semeadura em lâmina de água e retirada da água após três dias; 3 - semeadura em lâmina de água e evaporação natural da água). O manejo da lâmina de água com retirada três dias após a semeadura proporcionou melhor estande de plantas. O manejo da lâmina de água com evaporação natural proporcionou maior número total de espiguetas por panícula. A produtividade de grãos não foi afetada pelo manejo de água. A cultivar IAC 102 apresentou maior número de espiguetas granadas em relação à Epagri 108, refletindo na produtividade de grãos
Plantas de pimentão cultivadas em ambiente enriquecido com CO2. III. Características dos frutos
Authors: Rezende Fatima Conceição , Frizzone José Antonio , Pereira Anderson Soares
Published: June 2016

O experimento foi conduzido na Esalq/USP, em Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo, com o objetivo de estudar o efeito do aumento da concentração de CO2 e do volume de água aplicado em plantas de pimentão, Capsicum annum L. (Solanaceae), cultivados em vasos, em ambiente protegido. Adotaram-se quatro concentrações de CO2 (367, 600, 800 e 1000 µmol . mol-1) aplicadas diariamente no período da manhã. A irrigação foi realizada utilizando um gotejador por planta, com freqüência de dois dias, sendo aplicado quatro volumes de água definidos pela evapotranspiração (30,89 L, 40,7 L, 61,86 L e 82,83 L), com quatro repetições. Foram analisados o comprimento, o diâmetro e espessura da polpa dos frutos das primeiras colheitas. Para todos tratamentos de água a espessura da polpa foi maior nos ambientes enriquecidos com CO2. Nos ambientes com 800 e 1000 µmol . mol-1 de CO2, o diâmetro foi maior nas plantas irrigadas com os menores volumes. Plantas irrigadas com volume de 61,86 L, no ambiente com 800 µmol . mol-1, apresentaram maior comprimento de frutos
Microstructural Characterization and Properties of Microalloyed Powder Metallurgy Steels
Authors: Ghandi Arian , Saboktakin Rizi Mohsen , Javadinejad Hamid Reza , Ghaheri Ali , Zarenezhad Hamaneh
Published: June 2016

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of alloying elements of nickel, molybdenum, carbon and copper on hardness, density and microstructure of low alloy steel produced by powder metallurgy method. The results showed that molybdenum addition could lead to increase the density and hardness. Also, an increase in carbon content up to 1 wt. % could result in an increase in density and hardness. Copper is mainly added to increase strength as a result of solid solution hardening effect. Molybdenum is a ferrite stabilizer while Nickel is a strong austenite stabilizer. Consequently, the nickel and copper rich regions are mainly surrounded by austenite or bainite. Regions with higher amounts of alloying elements appeared to be martensitic islands. Increasing martensite and bainite volume fraction led to increase hardness.
Depigmented phenotypes inside a Salamandrina perspicillata population of the Campagna Romana (Latium, Italy)
Authors: Crucitti Pierangelo , Doglio Stefano , Tringali Luca
Published: June 2016

The authors report the finding of eight individuals of Salamandrina perspicillata (Savi, 1821) with aberrant body colour discovered within a large population of the species in the Natural Reserve “Macchia di Gattaceca and Macchia del Barco” (Campagna Romana, Latium).
[Butterflies and day-flying moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Pleistocene terrace of Romanengo (Italy, Lombardy, Cremona)]
Authors: Ghisolfi Marco , Allegri Manuele
Published: June 2016

In this paper the authors present the results of a two-year field-study carried out on butterflies and day-flying moths from Pleistocene terrace of Romanengo (Lombardy, Cremona), a relict highland isolated in the Padanian Valley. It was collected 2212 records and it was provides a list of 67 species belonging to 13 families. This list is supplemented by notes on biogeography, phenology and notes on vegetation preference. In particular the authors evidenced the dominance of European-asiatic (37%) and Paleartic species (18%) and the prevalence of eurychorousskiophilous (66%) o mesohygrophilous species (62%). It was evident the preference for seminatural anthropogenic grassland with mesophilous (37%) or nitrophilous-ruderal characteristics (19,1%). The conclusive analysis underlined the presence of two tropical species (Utethesia pulchella and Spoladea recurvialis) and the threatened condition of hygrophilous or stationary species like Heteropterus morpheus and Lycaena tityrus.
[First reporting of the signal crayfish (Decapoda, Astacidae) in the Province of Savona, Italy]
Authors: Bo Tiziano , Candiotto Alessandro , Delmastro Giovanni Battista , Fea Gianluca , Fenoglio Stefano , Ghia Daniela , Gruppuso Laura
Published: June 2016

In this short note we report the sudden and numerically significant expansion of signal crayfish (P. leniusculus) from Piedmont towards Liguria. P. leniusculus (Decapode Astacidae) is native to northwestern America, introduced in Italy in 1981 in the province of Bolzano, a few years later it was reported in Brugneto Lake (Genova district) and during the 2009 in the Valla stream (Alessandria district). The peculiarities of this species, originally from “cold water”, making it potentially invasive in the Apennine watercourses and also the presence of this allochthonous decapod in the Savona district, would like to suggest the implementation of containment plans, acts at least to limit its spread.
Neuropathic pain treatment: still a challenge
Authors: Nascimento Osvaldo J.M. , Pessoa Bruno L. , Orsini Marco , Ribeiro Pedro , Davidovich Eduardo , Pupe Camila , Filho Pedro Moreira , Dornas Ricardo Menezes , Masiero Lucas , Bittencourt Juliana , Bastos Victor Hugo
Published: June 2016

Neuropathic pain (NP) is the result of a series of conditions caused by diseases or lesions to the somatosensory system. Due to the better understanding of NP pathophysiology previously unexplored therapies have been used with encouraging results. In this group, acetyl-L-carnitine, alpha-lipoic-acid, cannabinoids, clonidine, EMA401, botulinum toxin type A and new voltage-gated sodium channel blockers, can be included. Besides, changing paradigms may occur with the advent of optogenetics and a better understanding of epigenetic regulation. We reviewed the published literature on the pharmacological treatment of NP. Despite the interesting results, randomized controlled trials are demanded the majority of the therapies previously mentioned. In spite of several studies for the relief of NP, pain control continues being a challenge.
Rare Malignancies in Eastern India, Socio-Economic Impact
Authors: Senapati Surendranath , Samanta Diptirani , Mishra Saumyaranjan , Bose Chaitali
Published: June 2016

The etiology of cancer is multifactorial. Various factors, including physical carcinogens, chemicals and viral carcinogens affect patients with known predisposing factors who subsequently develop malignancies. Here is a retrospective study of 18 patients who developed rare malignancies in clinical situations like xeroderma pigmentosum, tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, hereditary multiple exostosis, second malignancies due to radiotherapy and chronic irritation. The predisposing factors like chronic infection in leprosy, filariasis, poverty and ignorance leading to the chronicity of the lesion, lack of available health care facilities and socio-cultural background, i.e. consanguinity marriage in some community are responsible for the development of these rare malignancies. They were treated at A.H Regional Cancer Centre, Cuttack, Odisha, which is located at Eastern part of India for various malignancies, between January 1989 and January 2008. Malignancies that developed in patients with the above predisposing factors are being reported here due to their rarity and to highlight the impact of socio cultural background in developing these malignancies. Patients with above clinical situations should be kept under close observation for early detection of malignancy so their chances of survival can be improved. In addition, those oncogenic stimuli that initiated or propagated the malignancies, due to socio-economic factors, should be addressed promptly to prevent their eventual development.
Characteristics and Patterns of Rare Malignancies Published in Rare Tumors
Authors: Habboush Jacob , Hollant Laeticia , Smart Brigit , Single Megan , Gaines Katherine , Patel Ajaykumar , Miller Robert
Published: June 2016

Rare Tumors is an international peer-reviewed medical journal established in 2009. The journal is focused on rare cancers and aims to expand upon current knowledge on their presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes. We reviewed the 335 case reports published from 2009 to 2015. We found great diversity in both the country of origin as well as specialty of first authors. Outside of the United States (US) and European Union (EU), there were 20 countries with contributions to the journal. Similarly, there was representation from twelve medical specialties with first authorship of reports. Rare Tumors continues to encourage involvement from physicians across the globe and from all medical disciplines.
Appendiceal Hemangioma, Mimicking Acute Appendicitis in a 17-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Geramizadeh Bita , Niakan Amin , Zolmadjdi Nadjmeh , Marzban Mahsa
Published: June 2016

Epithelial tumors of appendix are not so common, and mesenchymal tumors of the appendix are even less common. Capillary hemangioma of the appendix is an extremely rare event and to the best of our knowledge only 4 cases have been reported in the English literature so far. In this case report we want to explain our experience with an extremely rare occurrence of capillary hemangioma of appendix in a 17-year-old girl presented with right lower quadrant pain that was operated with the clinical impression of acute appendicitis. The patient has been operated as a routine appendectomy with a completely uneventful postoperative period.
Three Years Sustained Complete Remission Achieved in a Primary Refractory ALK-Positive Anaplastic T Large Cell Lymphoma Treated with Crizotinib
Authors: Mahuad Carolina Valeria , Repáraz María de los Ángeles Vicente , Zerga Marta E. , Aizpurua María Florencia , Casali Claudia , Garate Gonzalo
Published: June 2016

The prognosis of the primary refractory anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK+) anaplastic T large cell lymphoma is ominous. The identification of molecular targets with potential to drive oncogenesis remains a cornerstone for the designing of new selective cancer therapies. Crizotinib is a selective ATP-competitive inhibitor for ALK, approved for its use in lung cancer with rearrangements on ALK gene. The reported cases describe the use of crizotinib as a bridging strategy prior to allotransplantation; there are no reported prolonged survivals under monotherapy with Crizotinib. We report a case of a primary refractory ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma that sustains complete response after 3 years of crizotinib monotherapy.
Granisetron Transdermal System in the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Kitayama Hiromitsu
Published: June 2016

Serotonin-type 3 receptor antagonists have been available as intravenous and oral formulations. Recently, granisetron transdermal system has won a firm position in the antiemesis of cancer chemotherapy. Its pharmacokinetic profile has been shown by pooled population analysis incorporation data. The 52 cm2 patch, which contains 34.3 mg granisetron, releases 3.3 mg daily and reaches the maximal plasma concentration after 48 hours, maintaining a 2.2 ng/mL stable average concentration over six days. This level is similar to the one obtained with daily oral 2 mg of granisetron. Three randomized clinical studies evaluating its efficacy have been published. Transdermal granisetron showed noninferiority to other formulations of serotonin-type 3 receptor antagonists for highly and moderately emetogenic – including multiday – chemotherapy. The adverse effects were not significantly different from other formulations. The system has possible applications in oral chemotherapy, radiotherapy, dexamethasone sparing, palliative care, and refractory emesis due to benign disease.
Алгебра непрерывных функций как непрерывная оболочка своих подалгебр
Authors: Akbarov Sergei Saidmuzafarovich
Published: June 2016

Непрерывной оболочкой называется операция, сопоставляющая произвольной инволютивной стереотипной алгебре $A$ ее ближайшую в некотором смысле стереотипную алгебру $\operatorname{\mathsf{Env}}_{\mathcal C}A$, свойства которой, улавливаемые гомоморфизмами во всевозможные $C^*$-алгебры, не отличаются от свойств $A$, но элементы которой различаются этими гомоморфизмами.
Если $A$ - инволютивная стереотипная подалгебра в алгебре ${\mathcal C}(M)$ непрерывных функций на паракомпактном локально компактном топологическом пространстве $M$, то для того, чтобы ${\mathcal C}(M)$ была непрерывной оболочкой $A$ $\operatorname{\mathsf{Env}}_{\mathcal C}A={\mathcal C}(M)$
необходимо, но не достаточно, чтобы $A$ была плотна в ${\mathcal C}(M)$. В заметке анонсируется необходимое и достаточное условие для выполнения этого равенства: нужно, чтобы инволютивный спектр алгебры $A$ совпадал с $M$ с точностью до возможного ослабления топологии, при котором, однако, система компактов в $M$ остается прежней и топология на каждом компакте не меняется.
Rationale for Quality Assurance in Fecal Egg Monitoring of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis
Authors: Hoekendijk David J. L. , Hill Philip C. , Sowerby Stephen J.
Published: June 2016

Substantial investment has been made into the once “neglected” tropical disease, soil-transmitted helminthiasis, and into control programs that operate within a framework of mapping baseline disease distribution, measuring the effectiveness of applied interventions, establishing when to cease drug administration, and for posttreatment evaluations. However, critical to each of these stages is the determination of helminth infection. The limitations of traditional microscope-based fecal egg diagnostics have not provided quality assurance in the monitoring of parasite disease and suboptimal treatment regimes provide for the potential development of parasite resistance to anthelmintic drugs. Improved diagnostic and surveillance tools are required to protect therapeutic effectiveness and to maintain funder confidence. Such tools may be on the horizon with emergent technologies that offer potential for enhanced visualization and quality-assured quantitation of helminth eggs.
Calmodulin Polymerase Chain Reaction–Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism for Leishmania Identification and Typing
Authors: Miranda Aracelis , Samudio Franklyn , González Kadir , Saldaña Azael , Brandão Adeilton , Calzada Jose E.
Published: June 2016

A precise identification of Leishmania species involved in human infections has epidemiological and clinical importance. Herein, we describe a preliminary validation of a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay, based on the calmodulin intergenic spacer region, as a tool for detecting and typing Leishmania species. After calmodulin amplification, the enzyme HaeIII yielded a clear distinction between reference strains of Leishmania mexicana, Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania infantum, Leishmania lainsoni, and the rest of the Viannia reference species analyzed. The closely related Viannia species: Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania panamensis, and Leishmania guyanensis, are separated in a subsequent digestion step with different restriction enzymes. We have developed a more accessible molecular protocol for Leishmania identification/typing based on the exploitation of part of the calmodulin gene. This methodology has the potential to become an additional tool for Leishmania species characterization and taxonomy.
Metagenomics Study of Viral Pathogens in Undiagnosed Respiratory Specimens and Identification of Human Enteroviruses at a Thailand Hospital
Authors: Zhou Yanfei , Fernandez Stefan , Yoon In-Kyu , Simasathien Sriluck , Watanaveeradej Veerachai , Yang Yu , Marte-Salcedo Omely A. , Shuck-Lee Deidra J. , Thomas Stephen J. , Hang Jun , Jarman Richard G.
Published: June 2016

Numerous pathogens cause respiratory infections with similar symptoms. Routine diagnostics detect only a limited number of pathogens, leaving a gap in respiratory illness etiology surveillance. This study evaluated next-generation sequencing for unbiased pathogen identification. Respiratory samples collected in Thailand, Philippines, Bhutan, and Nepal, that were negative by several molecular and immunofluorescence assays, underwent viral cultivation. Samples which demonstrated cytopathic effect in culture (N = 121) were extracted and tested by Luminex xTAG respiratory viral panel (RVP) assay and deep sequencing by Roche 454 FLX Titanium system. Using RVP assay, 52 (43%) samples were positive for enterovirus or rhinovirus and another three were positive for respiratory syncytial virus B, parainfluenza 4, and adenovirus. Deep sequencing confirmed the Luminex assay results and identified additional viral pathogens. Human enteroviruses, including Enterovirus A type 71 and 12 types of Enterovirus B (EV-B) were identified from a hospital in Bangkok. Phylogenetic and recombination analysis showed high correlation of VP1 gene-based phylogeny with genome-wide phylogeny and the frequent genetic exchange among EV-B viruses. The high number and diversity of enteroviruses in the hospital in Bangkok suggests prevalent existence. The metagenomic approach used in our study enabled comprehensive diagnoses of respiratory viruses.
Six Cases of Paratyphoid Fever Due to Salmonella Paratyphi A in Travelers Returning from Myanmar Between July 2014 and August 2015
Authors: Katanami Yuichi , Kutsuna Satoshi , Morita Masatomo , Izumiya Hidemasa , Ohnishi Makoto , Yamamoto Kei , Takeshita Nozomi , Hayakawa Kayoko , Kanagawa Shuzo , Kato Yasuyuki , Ohmagari Norio
Published: June 2016

We report six cases of Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi A infections in travelers returning from Myanmar. In 2015, 31 cases of paratyphoid fever were reported in Japan, and 54.8% of those traveled to Myanmar. Among them, six patients presented to our hospital. They had traveled to Myanmar from July 2014 to August 2015 for business purposes. All six isolates were phage type 1, and they were resistant to nalidixic acid.
Implementación y evaluación del modelo Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS): estudio de caso en los Andes colombianos
Authors: Valencia G. M. , Anaya J. A. , Caro-Lopera F. J.
Published: June 2016

This paper analyzes the reflectance obtained with a series of Landsat images processed with LEDAPS model in a region of the Colombian Andes. A total of 38 images of TM and ETM sensors were calibrated to surface reflectance using LEDAPS in order to determine difference among bands of the same sensor, difference between sensors and analyze temporal patterns. Exact nonparametric statistics allow to conclude that: a) surface reflectance for band 1–5 and 7 were significantly different and this difference remains among images of different dates; b) there are statistical similarities between the TM and ETM sensors bands; c) temporal variations on surface reflectance from the years 1986 to 2013 with the sensors studied are not statistically significant. These results are supported by the implementation of robust modeling with various methods resistant to unusual observations and other typical problems of the classical least squares modeling.
Una aproximación volumétrica a la desagregación espacial de la población combinando cartografía temática y datos LIDAR
Authors: Goerlich F. J.
Published: June 2016

Availability of high resolution population distribution data, independent of the administrative units in which demographic statistics are collected, is a real necessity in many fields: risk evaluation due to earthquakes, flooding or fires, to name just a few, integration between socio-demographic and environmental or geographical information collected in different formats, policy design for the provision public services, such as health, education or public transport, or mobility studies in urban areas or metropolitan regions. Because of this, the literature has explored various methods of population downscaling, collected at communality or census tract level, into smaller areas; typically urban polygons from high resolution topographic maps or land use/land cover databases, or grid cells, allowing the elaboration of raster population layers. A common feature of all these methods is that they do not incorporate building height. In this way, downscaling methods don´t distinguish between the urban sprawl type of settlement, where most of the houses are detached or semi-detached, and compact cities with high buildings. This paper examines error reduction in downscaling census tract population into 1×1 km and 1 ha grids, when we add the third dimension, building height from LIDAR remote sensing data. Algorithms used are simple, and based on areal weighting with or without auxiliary land use/land cover information, since our focus is not in fine turning algorithms, but in measuring improvements due to the missing dimension: building height. Our results indicate that improvements are noticeable. They are comparable to the ones obtained when we move from binary dasymetric methods to more general models combining densities for different land use/land cover types. Hence, adding the third dimension to population downscaling algorithms seems worth pursuing.
Episodios térmicos extremos analizados con productos MODIS durante el invierno boreal (2000-2016)
Authors: Gomis-Cebolla J. , Jiménez-Muñoz J.C. , Sobrino J.A.
Published: June 2016

The beginning of the XXI century is characterized by the intensification of the existing global warming situation and for a series of drastic global meteorological events. Particularly, during the winter season a series of extreme temperature episodes affecting large areas of the northern hemisphere have been produced. In this paper, these episodes are studied by analyzing the thermal anomalies spatial distribution and temporal evolution in the period 2001-2016 from Land Surface Temperature (LST) products obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor. The study regions considered in this investigation are eight of the northern hemisphere. The results obtained for the heating and cooling episodes do not reveal an important discrepancy, however, an increase in the area affected by heating versus cooling is observed.
Potential sources and processes affecting speciated atmospheric mercury at Kejimkujik National Park, Canada
Authors: Xu Xiaohong , Liao Yanying , Cheng Irene , Zhang Leiming
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Source apportionment analysis was conducted with Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods using concentrations of speciated mercury (Hg), i.e., gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM), and particulate-bound mercury (PBM), and other air pollutants collected at Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia, Canada in 2009 and 2010. The results were largely consistent between the two years for both methods. The same four source factors were identified in each year using PMF method. In both years, factor Photochemistry and Re-emission had the largest contributions to atmospheric Hg, while the contributions of Combustion Emission and Industrial Sulfur varied slightly between the two years. Four components were extracted with air pollutants only in each year using PCA method. Consistency between the results of PMF and PCA include, 1) most or all PMF factors overlapped with PCA components, 2) both methods suggest strong impact of photochemistry, but little association between ambient Hg and sea salt, 3) shifting of PMF source profiles and source contributions from one year to another was echoed in PCA. Inclusion of meteorological parameters led to identification of an additional component – Hg Wet Deposition in PCA, while it did not affect the identification of other components. The PMF model performance was comparable in 2009 and 2010. Among the three Hg forms, the agreement between predicted and observed annual mean concentrations were excellent for GEM, very good for PBM and acceptable for GOM. However, on daily basis, the agreement was very good for GEM, but poor for GOM and PBM. Sensitivity tests suggest that increasing sample size by imputation is not effective in improving model performance, while reducing the fraction of concentrations below method detection limit, by either scaling GOM and PBM to higher concentrations or combining them to reactive mercury, is effective. Most of the data treatment options considered had little impact on the source identification/contribution.
Announcements / Anuncios
Authors: BSJ BSJ
Published: June 2016

Announcements / Anuncios
2015 Mid-Atlantic Telehealth Resource Center Annual Summit
Authors: Wibberly Kathy Hsu
Published: June 2016

The Mid-Atlantic Resource Center (MATRC; http://www.matrc.org/) advances the adoption and utilization of telehealth within the MATRC region and works collaboratively with the other federally funded Telehealth Resource Centers to accomplish the same nationally. MATRC offers technical assistance and other resources within the following mid-Atlantic states: Delaware, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia.The 2015 MATRC Summit “Shaping the Future of Healthcare through Innovation and Technology” will be held March 29-March 31, 2015, at The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. The Summit will explore how the partnership of human innovation and technological advancements is both shaping and transforming the future of healthcare.For further information and registration, visit: http://matrc.org/summit/index.html
Detecting Deception by Analyzing Written Statements in Korean
Authors: Kang Seung-Man , Lee Hyoungkeun
Published: June 2016

This paper delves into the effect of SCAN and its cross-linguistic applicability by analyzing written statements in Korean. For this research, we conducted an experiment in which truth tellers were asked to write a true statement about a staged event and liars a fabricated one about the same event. We analyzed these two types of written statements using the criteria of SCAN. The results (accuracy rate, 81.6%) indicate that SCAN is effective in detecting deception despite the low internal consistency level among coders (Cronbach’s alpha level, 0.577). It was also shown that the SCAN criteria are not universally applicable across languages as the mode of using pronouns in Korean yields no significant difference between truthful and deceptive statements.
La enseñanza oficial de cine en España
Authors: Blanco Mallada Lucio
Published: June 2016

En este artículo se recoge la historia de la enseñanza oficial de cine en España: los dos centros en los que se llevó a cabo, sus sedes, sus directores y las prácticas de fin de carrera. Todo ello visto desde la división en tres etapas del tiempo de existencia de la enseñanza anterior a su incorporación a la universidad: la etapa fundacional, la edad de oro y la crisis que lleva al cierre. A lo largo de estas tres etapas hubo un cambio de actitud en el alumnado, desde el entusiasmo y la ilusión inicial al desencanto y rechazo absoluto hacia la Escuela en los últimos años.