bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SIDE
Authors: Malhotra Rashmi
Published: July 2014

To make sound decisions, managers analyze data from multiple sources using different dimensions and eventually integrate the results of their analysis. This study proposes the design of a multi-attribute-decision-support-system that combines the analytical power of two different tools: data envelopment analysis (DEA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), one of the major algorithms using swarm intelligence. DEA measures the relative efficiency of decision making units that use multiple inputs and outputs to provide non-objective measures without making any specific assumptions about data. On the other hand PSO's main strength lies in exploring the entire search space. This study proposes a modeling technique that jointly uses the two techniques to benefit from the two methodologies.
Outsourcing Maintenance Operations to Off-Shore Vendors
Authors: Ramanujan Sam , Lou Hal
Published: July 2014

Ever since Eastman Kodak announced that it was outsourcing its information systems (IS) function in 1988 to IBM, DEC and Businessland, large companies have found it acceptable to transfer their IS assets, leases and staff to third party vendors. In the recent past, there is a trend towards selective sourcing in which organizations opt to use third party vendors for certain IS functions which represent 20-60% of the IS budget while still retaining a substantial internal IS department. This paper reports on issues involved in selective sourcing of maintenance operations. In particular, it addresses the issues involved in performance of maintenance services from an off-shore location. These issues are organized using a framework developed based on the knowledge gained from prior research in IS implementation and Socio- Technical approach to studying organizations. A number of lessons that we learned from the X-OIL - OCS case study are also presented.
An Analysis of Chinese Laws Against Computer Crimes
Authors: Wan Hakman A. , Lu Ming-Te
Published: July 2014

An overview of the computer crime and related legislation in the People’s Republic of China is given. Relevant laws and their interpretation by Chinese legal scholars with respect to negligence, trade secrets, copyright and piracy, data protection and privacy are presented. The unique aspects of the Chinese legal system are accentuated. Due to the differences in the cultural, political, and legal environments, the PRC courts may treat some computer crimes more severely and may hand out penalties accordingly.
Clinical Pathway Analytics
Authors: Caron Filip , Vanthienen Jan , Baesens Bart
Published: July 2014

Recently, medical informatics researchers have focused on supporting standardized activity coordination patterns that structure complex multi-disciplinary interventions. While the designed clinical pathways are aimed to improve the provided healthcare, this paper demonstrates that the care process of individual patients can significantly deviate from the standardized path. Examining the deviations in the individual care processes might result in the further enhancement of the provided quality of care, the evaluation of adverse events or the identification of suboptimal use of resources. This paper presents an optimal combination of process analytics for extracting valuable medical and organizational information from real-world care processes. The authors elaborate an extensive case study based on these process analytics on a series of oncological care processes.
Information Technology Supporting Healthcare and Social Care Services
Authors: Cruz-Cunha Maria Manuela , Simoes Ricardo , Varajão João , Miranda Isabel
Published: July 2014

The authors are developing a pilot project for a Municipality in the North of Portugal, envisaging the definition and implementation of an e-marketplace for healthcare and social services, in order to facilitate the interaction between healthcare and social services professionals and people with special needs (or their relatives). Based on the results of a survey on user needs analysis and expectations conducted in 2011, the paper discusses the relevance and interest of such platforms and the main drivers and motivations of the population for using such services, as well as which services would motivate citizens to use the platform. The results of the study will be used to select the products and services perceived to be the most desired by the potential users. The paper thus makes three main contributions: (1) the results of the study confirm the interest and the perceived potential of such a service, from the end-users perspective; (2) the findings support the advantage of expanding this pilot project to a full scale implementation; and (3) the performed analysis improves our understanding of the relations between the characteristics of the inquired population and the perceived interest in such platforms.
See-Through-Sound
Authors: Henriques J. Tomás , Cavaco Sofia , Correia Nuno
Published: July 2014

See-Through-Sound is a research project that is aimed at creating an innovative solution for mapping visual information into the auditory realm, enabling a spatial environment and its unique features to be described as organized sonic events. Of particular interest to us has been the creation of a tool for people with vision disabilities to help them perceive and recognize objects and features of their environment through sonic representations of light, color and shapes. Applications for sighted people have also been explored as sonification methods for monitoring changes in color within a broad range of scenarios, as well as advanced motion detection. The benefits and promise of this technology are far reaching; it goes beyond mere medical and scientific applications. Ultimately the main goal of this research project is the attempt to systematize and create a universal vocabulary of sonic events that map visual data into auditory data, both for man and machine use.
Group-Based Discretionary Access Control in Health Related Repositories
Authors: Zamite João , Domingos Dulce , Silva Mário J. , Santos Carlos
Published: July 2014

The authors introduce a group-based discretionary access control with decentralized permission and group management for scientific repositories. Currently, access control approaches for repositories have inflexible centralized administrations, which do not scale well to large numbers of users. Moreover, discretionary access control is a legal standard for health-related resources. The proposed access control model, which is formalized using Barker's Unifying Meta-model, differentiates permissions for data and meta-data, enabling the sharing of meta-data while protecting sensitive data. The authors describe how the model was implemented, and what challenges were tackled, in the Epidemic Marketplace, an open software information platform for epidemic studies, designed to foster cooperative behavior and data sharing.
Discontinuation Pattern among Iucd Users: A Study at Tertiary Health Care Centre
Authors: Nanda Smiti , Malik Roopa , Sangwan Vijayata , Kumar Viral
Published: July 2014

Intrauterine contraceptives are the most frequently used reversible family planning method in the world. The method is safe, rapidly reversible, inexpensive, highly effective, long lasting and nonhormonal. These attributes make it unique and desirable for many users. Inspite of all these characters and high initial acceptance, discontinuation remains high. We conducted this study among IUCD users at our department, a tertiary health care centre to determine discontinuation rate and causes for its discontinuation.

How to cite this article

Malik R, Sangwan V, Nanda S, Kumar V, Kumar M. Discontinuation Pattern among Iucd Users: A Study at Tertiary Health Care Centre. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(1):8-10.
Effect of Postnatal Exercises on Quality of Life in Immediate Postpartum Mothers: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Mahishale Arati V , Ulorica Lume Pereira Antonyna Maria , Patil Hema S
Published: July 2014

Objective

Women are potentially susceptible to complications during postpartum period which may affect their physical, mental and social wellbeing. It is essential to deliver appropriate postpartum care in immediate postpartum mothers to improve the general wellbeing. Postnatal exercises are administered in routine clinical practice for early mobility and postnatal recovery. The present study aimed to assess the effect of postnatal exercise on postpartum maternal physical, mental, social and general wellbeing in immediate postpartum women.

Materials and methods

Setting—Tertiary care hospital; Subjects—33 immediate postpartum women with vaginal delivery were recruited after obtaining an informed consent and clearance from the institutional ethical committee; Treatment— postnatal exercises namely aerobic exercises, general body strengthening exercises, and pelvic floor muscle exercises were given from 2nd to 4th day postpartum, twice per day each session lasting for 30 minutes each; Tool—the short-form (36) questionnaire was administered as an outcome measure; statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16.

Results

The results showed statistically significant difference in quality of life according to the short form (36) scores on 4th day postintervention as compared to 2nd day preintervention with p < 0.001 in all domains.

Conclusion

Postnatal exercises administered during immediate postpartum period helps improve the quality of life by improving physical, mental, social and general wellbeing.

How to cite this article

Mahishale AV, Maria Vlorica LPA, Patil HS. Effect of Postnatal Exercises on Quality of Life in Immediate Postpartum Mothers: A Clinical Trial. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(1):11-14.
Emergency Contraceptive Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in Women Presenting to Family Planning Outpatient Clinic in Central India
Authors: Maru Laxmi , Dave Anupama , Kaushal Manila
Published: July 2014

Objective

The aim of this study is to determine the degree of knowledge, attitude practices, and perceived needs about emergency contraception in women attending family planning clinic in Central India and to investigate the factors that militates against its use.

Methods

This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out among women attending family planning clinic in Central India from April 2009 to March 2010. One thousand and forty-two women (aged 18-35 years) participated in this study and answered the questions presented in the self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information and the awareness, knowledge and use of emergency contraception. Completed questionnaires were collected before the women left the clinic and the data analyzed.

Results

Overall, 149 (14.3%) women were aware of Emergency Contraceptive pills and among those, 125 (83.9%)women correctly identified 72 hours as the time limit for the methods to be used. More than half (61.8%) did not know correct dosage and 68.7% were unaware about the side effects of the available post-coital pill. Only 80 (7.7%) women had previously used emergency contraceptive pills. None of them was aware about use of intrauterine contraceptive device as emergency contraception. Emergency contraception awareness was positively associated with age, education and level of monthly income.

Conclusion

Awareness about emergency contraception was very low, especially regarding correct timing of its use and its side effects. Public information strategy needs to be devised and widely publicized so that awareness about Emergency contraception increases in India.

How to cite this article

Kaushal M, Maru L, Dave A. Emergency Contraceptive Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in Women Presenting to Family Planning Outpatient Clinic in Central India. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(1): 21-24.
The Effect of Transabdominal Amnioinfusion on Perinatal Outcomes in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Tasnim Nasira , Mahmud Ghazala , Fatima Saba
Published: July 2014

Objective

To evaluate the role of transabdominal amnioinfusion in improving the latency period and perinatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Materials and methods

A randomized controlled trial was carried out at MCH Centre, Unit I, PIMS, Islamabad, from Jan 2008 to Dec 2008. Sixty women with singleton pregnancies between 28 and 32 completed weeks of gestation, complicated with PPROM was randomly allocated into two groups viz transabdominal amnioinfusion (amnioinfusion group) and expectant management (control group), within 24 hours of admission.

Results

The demographic characteristics were comparable in both the groups. Amnioinfusion group showed significant improvement in PPROM to delivery interval (18.47 ± 6.699 vs 8.93 ± 4.741 days; p = 0.001), neonatal birth weight (p = 0.019) and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes (p = 0.007 for 1 minute and p = 0.012 for 5 minutes). There was less frequency of respiratory distress syndrome (p = 0.032), neonatal sepsis (p = 0.020) and neonatal jaundice (p = 0.002) in the amnioinfusion group. Fewer neonates were admitted to NICU (p = 0.010) and higher survival rate was found in amnioinfusion group (p = 0.023).

Conclusion

The treatment with transabdominal amnioinfusion in pregnancies complicated with PPROM resulted in significant prolongation of pregnancy and better neonatal outcomes as compared to women who were managed with traditional expectant management.

How to cite this article

Fatima S, Tasnim N, Mahmud G. The Effect of Transabdominal Amnioinfusion on Perinatal Outcomes in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(1):28-32.
A Complication of Surgical Abortion: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Mehra Reeti , Pandhar Dilpreet Kaur , Huria Anju
Published: July 2014

Dilatation and evacuation (D and E) is the most commonly used method for later abortion. It is one of the safest procedure when performed by experienced personnel. Complication rates are high in second trimester abortion compared to first trimester. Rupture of uterine wall covered with organized blood clots is very rare complication after second trimester surgical abortion. It is a surgical emergency and may have deleterious consequences if diagnosis is delayed.

How to cite this article

Kaur M, Pandhar DK, Mehra R, Huria A. A Complication of Surgical Abortion: A Rare Presentation. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(1):33-34.
Hook Effect in Molar Pregnancy: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Gupta Hemprabha , Bagchi Sipra , Mittal Anushree
Published: July 2014

Molar pregnancy is associated with very high levels of hCG in serum as well as in urine and therefore is an important marker in its diagnosis and follow-up. However, at times very high levels of hCG may be associated with falsely low or negative hCG levels because of Hook effect. Here, we report two cases molar associated with Hook effect.

How to cite this article

Kunwar S, Gupta H, Bagchi S, Mittal A. Hook Effect in Molar Pregnancy: A Report of Two Cases. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(1):49-50.
Correlation of Ovarian and Stromal Volumes to Fasting and Postprandial Insulin Levels in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients
Authors: Nagori CB
Published: July 2014

Background

Patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are believed to have large ovaries due to increased stroma. They also have derangement in luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone levels and high insulin resistance. As insulin resistance is thought to be associated with androgen and stromal excess, correlation was expected between insulin resistance and stromal excess.

Aim

To assess if ovarian and stromal volumes in PCOS patients have any correlation with fasting and postprandial insulin levels.

Materials and methods

A prospective study of 153 subfertile patients was done over a period 18 months. After detailed history, clinical examination and informed consent of all patients were scanned by two-dimensional (2D) on day 3 of the cycle. Patients were divided into PCOS and non-PCOS groups according to Rotterdam criteria. Patients with hormonal derangements other than PCOS were excluded from the study.

Patients were assessed by three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound (US) for ovarian and stromal volumes and fasting and postprandial insulin levels were checked on the same day.

Results

With Pearson correlation significance level of 0.354 (2 tailed) correlation for ovarian volume to fasting insulin was 0.588, for ovarian volume to postprandial insulin was 0.523, for stromal volume to fasting insulin was 0.601, and for stromal volume to postprandial insulin was 0.523. No correlation could be established in non-PCOS group.

Conclusion

In PCOS patients, a strong correlation was found between ovarian and stromal volume and fasting and post prandial insulin levels.

How to cite this article

Panchal S, Nagori CB. Correlation of Ovarian and Stromal Volumes to Fasting and Postprandial Insulin Levels in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(1):12-14.
Pattern of Prolactin Secretion after Normal Vaginal Delivery and in Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Manapatt Asokan Keloth , Anoop Latha , Tharammal Deepna , Sathyapal Aiswarya , Muneer Yasmeen
Published: July 2014

Prolactin (PRL) is hormone of multiple biological actions and is best known for its role in milk production. This hospital-based study was undertaken to review the impact of PRL hormone in vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery. Our study is meant to create awareness in the society to promote breast feeding and the importance of promoting normal vaginal delivery whenever possible. In this study, we investigated the serum PRL values using enzyme-linked immunoflow assay method in 101 women who underwent normal (56) and cesarean delivery (45) in obstetrics and gynecology department of Kannur Medical College, Anjarakandy. Serum PRL at 24 and 48 hours blood sample was estimated among the two groups, mean PRL in vaginal delivery 24 hours 359.46 ± 119.70 ng/ml, 48 hours 386.67 ± 135.66 ng/ ml and in cesarean delivery 24 hours 245.49 ± 115.49 ng/ml, 48 hours 282.92 ± 69.59 ng/ml. The values of serum PRL are found to be significantly higher in the vaginal delivery group (p < 0.001) as compared with the cesarean section group. Through this study, we concluded that the mothers who delivered by cesarean section had decreased PRL levels than the women who delivered vaginally which may have a significant role in establishment of breastfeeding.

How to cite this article

Manapatt AK, Anoop L, Tharammal D, Sathyapal A, Muneer Y. Pattern of Prolactin Secretion after Normal Vaginal Delivery and in Cesarean Delivery. Int J Infertility Fetal Med 2014;5(1):15-17.
Single Incision Gasless Laparoscopic Surgeries and other Low-cost Minimally Invasive Techniques for Evaluation of Infertility in Rural Areas
Authors: Sailo Linda , Jesudian Gnanaraj
Published: July 2014

Single incision Lift laparoscopic surgeries offer a very attractive and low cost option of evaluation of infertility in rural areas. We describe this and other minimally invasive low cost methods used in evaluation and management of infertility in rural areas.

How to cite this article

Sailo L, Jesudian G. Single Incision Gasless Laparoscopic Surgeries and other Low-Cost Minimally Invasive Techniques for Evaluation of Infertility in Rural Areas. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(1):30-31.
Microwaves: A Revolution in Histoprocessing
Authors: Amrutha N
Published: July 2014

Background and Aim

Pathologists are under constant pressure for instant and reliable diagnosis. The manual procedures employed in private laboratories and institutional setup for histoprocessing and staining are laborious and intense. Thus, this study aims to evaluate and compare the microwave tissue processing and staining with the conventional methods which are in vogue.

Materials and methods

Of the formalin fixed tissue biopsies received by our department, 30 specimens were randomly picked and subjected to grossing. Each specimen was cut into equal halves, each half was processed and stained by conventional method while the other by the microwave method. The entire procedure was blinded and evaluated by four observers based on the criteria of Mahesh Babu et al (2011): Cellular clarity, cytoplasmic details, nuclear detail and color intensity. The results were statistically analyzed using Chi square test and kappa.

Results

The overall time employed for microwave processing was 2 hours and for conventional methods it was 7 hours, while H and E staining by microwave process took 16 minutes and 45 seconds and it took 31 minutes and 20 seconds by the conventional process. The diagnostic ability of microwave method yielded promising results and was less time consuming.

Conclusion

Microwave processing and staining yielded quicker and better results compared to the routine methods. Therefore, Microwave can serve as a quicker and a reliable diagnostic method for a pathologist.

How to cite this article

Amrutha N, Patil S, Rao RS. Microwaves: A Revolution in Histoprocessing. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):149-152.
Evaluation of Mercury Contamination in Patients and Water during Amalgam Removal
Authors: Molina Gustavo Otoboni , Oliveira Marcelo Tomás , Constantino Henrique Vieira , Milioli Elysa , Ghizoni Janaina Salomon , Pereira Jefferson Ricardo
Published: July 2014

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate mercury levels in wastewater and in patients during the removal of dental amalgam restorations.

Materials and methods

To test for mercury levels, patients were tested before and after amalgam restoration removal. To test for mercury emissions, samples of constant volume of wastewater from high-speed drills were collected before and during amalgam restoration removal.

Results

Although the systemic mercury levels were lower than the limit of biological tolerance, all patients had increased levels after dental restorations. All samples of wastewater had increased mercury levels too.

Conclusion

The urinary levels of mercury increased with dental amalgam removal using a high-speed drill. During the process of amalgam removal, water used for cooling the dental drill was contaminated with mercury.

Clinical significance

The mercury released by the physical action of the drill, the replacement material and especially the final destination of the amalgam waste can increase contamination levels that can be a risk for human and environment health.

How to cite this article

Oliveira MT, Constantino HV, Molina GO, Milioli E, Ghizoni JS, Pereira JR. Evaluation of Mercury Contamination in Patients and Water during Amalgam Removal. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):165-168.
The Inadequacy of the Y-axis of Growth (SNGn) for the Vertical Pattern Assessment in Patients with Sagittal Discrepancies
Authors: Paranhos Luiz Renato , Torres Fernando César , Brando Tiago Monteiro , Kaieda Armando K , Ramos Adilson Luiz
Published: July 2014

Aim

The aim of this cephalometric study was to evaluate the influence of the sagittal skeletal pattern on the ‘Y-axis of growth’ measurement in patients with different malocclusions.

Materials and methods

Lateral head films from 59 patients (mean age 16y 7m, ranging from 11 to 25 years) were selected after a subjective analysis of 1630 cases. Sample was grouped as follows: Group 1 — class I facial pattern; group 2 — class II facial pattern; and Group 3 — class III facial pattern. Two angular measurements, SNGoGn and SNGn, were taken in order to determine skeletal vertical facial pattern. A logistic regression with errors distributed according to a binomial distribution was used to test the influence of the sagittal relationship (Class I, II, III facial patterns) on vertical diagnostic measurement congruence (SNGoGn and SNGn).

Results

Results show that the probability of congruence between the patterns SNGn and SNGoGn was relatively high (70%) for group 1, but for groups II (46%) and III (37%) this congruence was relatively low.

Conclusion

The use of SNGn appears to be inappropriate to determine the vertical facial skeletal pattern of patients, due to Gn point shifting throughout sagittal discrepancies.

Clinical Significance

Facial pattern determined by SNGn must be considered carefully, especially when severe sagittal discrepancies are present.

How to cite this article

Paranhos LR, Brando TM, Kaieda AK, Ramos AL, Torres FC. The Inadequacy of the Y-axis of Growth (Sng n) for the Vertical Pattern Assessment in Patients with Sagittal Discrepancies. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2): 169-173.
Geometric Analysis of Maxillary First Premolar Prepared by Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments
Authors: Al-Sudani Dina , Almalki Majed , Al-Shahrani Saad , Ahlquist Michael
Published: July 2014

Aim

The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and comparing the shaping ability of two Nickel-titanium rotary instruments, with two disparate design features, on root canal geometry of extracted human maxillary first premolars using microcomputed tomography.

Study design

Twenty four bifurcated maxillary first premolars were divided into two groups and embedded in a rubber-based impression material. Both groups were submitted to microcomputed tomography before and after canal preparation (buccal and palatal) with either ProFile Vortex or Revo-S rotary instruments. Images were reconstructed and cross-sections corresponding to a distance 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 mm from the anatomical apex were selected for canal transportation analysis. Volume changes were also measured.

Results

The degree and direction of canal transportation were non-significant for both instruments. Statistically significant differences were observed only between levels in the buccal canal in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two rotary systems in regards to the volume of dentin removed.

Conclusion

Our findings showed that ProFile Vortex and Revo-S instruments respected the original root canal anatomy and behaved similarly. ProFile Vortex rotary systems produced with innovative process were concluded to shape the upper maxillary premolar by leading minimal canal transportation, similar to Revo-S, rotary systems produced from traditional process.

How to cite this article

Al-Sudani D, Almalki M, Al-Shahrani S, Ahlquist M. Geometric Analysis of Maxillary First Premolar Prepared by Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):174-180.
The Impact of Handicap Severity on Oral and Periodontal Status of Patients with Mental Retardation
Authors: Tözüm Tolga F , Ozgul Ozkan , Dursun Erhan , Ozgul Betul Memis , Kartal Yasemin , Coskunses Fatih Mehmet , Kocyigit Ismail Doruk
Published: July 2014

Aim

Mental retardation (MR) subjects comprise a considerable amount of the community and are susceptible to oral and periodontal problems due to insufficient oral care. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the oral health and periodontal status of MR patients in Turkey with regard to periodontal indices and Decay missed filling teeth (DMFT) scores and compare findings according to severity of the MR.

Materials and methods

One hundred and five MR patients were included to the study and divided into 3 groups according to MR severity diagnoses. Demographic variables like age, gender, disabled sibling, BMI, living an institution and clinical parameters like plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), missing teeth and DMFT scores were recorded from all subjects. Appropriate statistical analyses were used to compare the findings.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences between groups according to age, gender, disabled sibling, living status and DMFT scores. Clinical periodontal indices and the number of missing teeth were showed a statistically significant increasing trend with the severity of MR (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations between PI and periodontal disease measures like GI, PD, CAL and BOP and also between PI and DMFT (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The deteriorated teeth condition and deprived periodontal health of MR patients may be most likely caused by the poor oral hygiene and may be worsen with the severity of the MR.

Clinical significance

Knowledge of oral and periodontal status of mental retardation patients has great importance for public health and family education.

How to cite this article

Ozgul O, Dursun E, Ozgul BM, Kartal Y, Coskunses FM, Kocyigit ID, Tözüm TF. The Impact of Handicap Severity on Oral and Periodontal Status of Patients with Mental Retardation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):218-222.
Texture of Composite Resins Exposed to Two- and Three- Body Wear in vitro
Authors: Kanehira Masafumi , Finger Werner J , Sasaki Keiichi , Iwasaki Naohiko , Takahashi Hidekazu , Koottathape Natthavoot
Published: July 2014

Purpose

To analyze on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures from eight composite resins, taken in the centers of the initial, the middle and the terminal thirds of in vitro produced wear tracks morphological features to explain causative mechanisms for the material wear observed under two- and three-body wear.

Materials and methods

In vitro wear behavior of eight composite resins, three conventional and five nanofiller containing marketed products was evaluated using a custommade Zr-ball-on-disk sliding device. The composite specimens were subjected to 50,000 one-way sliding cycles (1.2 Hz, 50 N load), either simulating two-body wear with water as the intermediate medium or three-body wear using aqueous suspensions of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) beads and poppy seeds, respectively. Volume loss of the materials was determined in previous study. Representative specimens were selected for inspection by scanning electron microscopy at 500-fold magnification. From each of the 24 wear tracks microphotographs were taken in the central deepest parts of the initial, middle and terminal thirds of the tracks.

Results

For most materials morphological differences were detected depending on the location within the wear track. As a rule, the surface deterioration found increased toward the final part of the wear scar. According to common classification in tribology abrasive wear and fatigue wear, or a combination of both mechanisms were found for all materials tested. Wear was dependent both on the testing mode and on the composition of the individual composite resin material.

Conclusion

The morphological assessment of wear tracks reflects the nature of the abrasive and reveals insight into the mechanism generating wear patterns. Morphological details confirmed abrasive and fatigue-related wear as main failure mechanisms. Selection of food-like slurries as third-body media, such as poppy seed suspension is mandatory to simulate wear of composite restorations in occlusal cavities where three-body wear is the dominating determinant of loss of substance and surface deterioration.

How to cite this article

Iwasaki N, Takahashi H, Koottathape N, Kanehira M, Finger WJ, Sasaki K. Texture of Composite Resins Exposed to Two- and Three-Body Wear in vitro. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):232-241.
Chemo-Mechanical Caries Removal with PapacarieTM: Case Series with 84 Reports and 12 Months of Follow-up
Authors: Bussadori Sandra Kalil , de Godoy Camila Haddad Leal , Alfaya Thays Almeida , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos , Mesquita-Ferrari Raquel Agnelli , Motta Lara Jansiski
Published: July 2014

Aim

The aim of the present study was to determine the success rate after 12 months of follow-up in a series of cases in which chemo-mechanical caries removal (CMCR) was performed with PapacarieTM, followed by restoration with glass ionomer cement.

Background

The development of conservative techniques for carious tissue removal and improvements in dental restoration materials have allowed better preservation of dental structures in the treatment of decayed teeth. Chemo-mechanical caries removal (CMCR) is a conservative atraumatic treatment option. PapacarieTM is a papain-based material developed to act only on the carious dentin, allowing its easy removal with a blunt curette.

Case report

The study involved a total of 84 deciduous posterior teeth with occlusal dentinal caries. Only teeth without risk of pulp exposure were studied. After a period of 12 months, the restorations were evaluated based on criteria employed in previous studies. The radiographic evaluation revealed resorption and calcification of the affected teeth. The data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis with the aid of the XLSTAT program. The success rate was 88.1% and 98.8% based on the clinical and radiographic evaluations, respectively. The difference between the success and failure rates was statistically significant (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

PapacarieTM is an effective product for CMCR on occlusal dentinal tissue in deciduous teeth, demonstrating a high clinical and radiographic success rate after 12 months of follow-up.

How to cite this article

Buskadori SK, de Godoy CHL, Alfaya TA, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Motta LJ. Chemo- Mechanical Caries Removal with Papacarietm: Case Series with 84 Reports and 12 Months of Follow-up. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):250-253.
Impact of a tsunami generated at the Lesser Antilles subduction zone on the Northern Atlantic Ocean coastlines
Authors: Roger J. , Frère A. , Hébert H.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. On 11 March 2011, a Mw ~ 9.0 megathrust earthquake occurred off the coast of Tohoku, triggering a catastrophic tsunami reaching heights of 10 m and more in some places and resulting in lots of casualties and destructions. It is one of a handful of catastrophic tsunamis having occurred during the last decade, following the 2004 Indonesian tsunami, and leading to the preparation of tsunami warning systems and evacuation plans all around the world. In the Atlantic Ocean, which has been struck by two certified transoceanic tsunamis over the past centuries (the 1755 "Lisbon" and 1929 Grand Banks events), a warning system is also under discussion, especially for what concerns potential tsunamigenic sources off Iberian Peninsula. In addition, the Lesser Antilles subduction zone is also potentially able to generate powerful megathrust ruptures as the 8 February 1843 Mw ~ 8.0/8.5 earthquake, that could trigger devastating tsunamis propagating across the Northern Atlantic Ocean. The question is in which conditions these tsunamis could be able to reach the Oceanic Islands as well as the eastern shores of the Atlantic Ocean, and what could be the estimated times to react and wave heights to expect? This paper attempts to answer those questions through the use of numerical modelings and recent research results about the Lesser Antilles ability to produce megathrust earthquakes.
Observations of the anisotropy of cosmic rays at TeV–PeV
Authors: BenZvi S.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. During the past decade, multiple observatories have reported significant observations of the anisotropy of cosmic rays in the TeV energy band. The anisotropy has been observed at large scales and small scales in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The source of the anisotropy is not well-understood, though both a galactic and a heliospheric origin have been suggested. We discuss recent observations of the shape and energy dependence of the anisotropy, with particular attention to measurements by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory in the Southern Hemisphere and the Milagro and High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatories in the Northern Hemisphere.
Riding on the fast lane: how sea turtles behave in post-nesting migration
Authors: Wang Y.-H. , Cheng I-J. , Centurioni L.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Sea turtles are known as powerful swimmers. How do they behave when riding in strong currents during their migrations? In this study, three, satellite-tagged, post-nesting green turtles travelled from Lanyu Island, east of Taiwan, partly within the Kuroshio to their foraging sites approximately 1000 km away in the Ryukyu Archipelago. Their swimming behaviors were analyzed by comparing their migration velocities estimated from Argos tag data with ocean currents derived from a data simulation model and from AVISO advection estimates. Results suggest that the turtles take advantage of Kuroshio during the initial portion of their migration routes. They must then make a great effort to swim eastward, at speeds over 1 m s−1, toward their foraging sites to avoid being carried off course by the strong current. The cues that might cause the change in swimming direction were evaluated with a Principle Component Analysis. The factors considered are ambient current velocity, wind, eddy activity (vorticity), magnetic field (latitude) and water temperature. The analysis shows that the ambient current and water temperature are negatively correlated with the eastward swimming velocity. This suggests that the changes in ocean current and a drop of water temperature, likely due to eddies impinging on the Kuroshio, may trigger the eastward swimming. Despite the differences among migratory routes of three Argos-tagged turtles after leaving the Kuroshio, they all reached foraging sites in the same general area. That suggests there may be more complex cues that guide the turtles to their foraging sites during their post-nesting migrations.
Evaluation of significant pigmets in green teas of different origin
Authors: Ošťádalová Martina , Tremlová Bohuslava , Straka Ivan , Pokorná Jana , Čáslavková Petra
Published: July 2014

This work monitors flavonoid pigments (theaflavins and thearubigins), and chlorophyll in green teas from different growing regions (India, China, Russia, Vietnam). These pigments affect the quality of the finished tea infusion and their quantity is affected by the way of tea processing (fermentation). 15 samples of green loose teas were selected for the analysis. The content of these pigments was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, the concentration of flavonoid pigments was measured at a wavelength of 665 nm (theaflavins) and 825 nm (thearubigins). Concentration of flavonoid pigments was determined using the standard conversion coefficients, which are 38.7 for TRs and 1.4 for TFs. Chlorophyll concentration was measured at 642.5 and 660 nm. Chlorophyll concentration was determined by the conversion using international standard conversion coefficients and calculation of linear regressions. The results were statistically processed and evaluated in the program of UNISTAT version 5.6. The total amount of chlorophyll ranged from 0.20 to 1.33 mg/L of tea. Concentrations of theaflavin ranged from 0.15 to 0.66 g/100 g of tea and TRs from 2.00 to 11.15 g/100 g of tea. The results showed that the amount of theaflavins, thearubigins and chlorophyll in green teas varied (P <0,05), especially in teas from lowlands in Vietnam and Krasnodar (Russia). Statistically demonstrable difference (P <0,05) in the content of pigments was also recorded in a group of Indian teas (from lowlands) and, from a group of Chinese teas, a statistical difference (P <0,05) was demonstrated in the content of pigments in the mountain teas. On the basis of the results it can be concluded that the quality of green tea is mainly influenced by the processing method depending on the processing area (the factory), than by their country of origin.
Vegetable oil based emulsions in milk
Authors: Mikulcová Veronika , Hauerlandová Iva , Buňková Leona
Published: July 2014

Milk and dairy products represent an important part of functional food in the market. Based on their positive health and nutritional benefits, they have gained popularity and their consumption as well as production is on the rise in the last few decades. As a result of this trend, milk-based products are being used for the delivery of bioactive food ingredients. This study is devoted to the formulation of stable emulsions containing grape seed oil dispersed with several emulsifiers (Tween 80, monocaprylin, and lecithin) in milk. Photon correlation spectroscopy was used to evaluate the characteristics of the emulsions in terms of mean droplet size, droplet size distribution and polydispersity index. Emulsions were prepared using 2% and 5% w/w grape seed oil, and 3%, 5%, or 8% w/w emulsifier, and these were homogenized at two different rates of 1050 and 13400 rpm. Parameters influencing emulsion particle size and particle size distribution were identified, which included emulsifier type, its HLB value, oil type (virgin, refined), homogenization rate and the fat content in the milk. Homogenization at 13400 rpm for 10 min. produced fine emulsions with small mean particle sizes and monomodal distribution of droplets. Regarding emulsifier type, the smallest droplet sizes were obtained with formulations containing Tween 80 (250-315 nm), whereas lecithin primarily accounted for the monomodal particle size distributions.
Determination of the species specificity of the primers for the detection of chicken and turkey meat by realtime PCR method
Authors: Maršálková Lenka , Mašlej Miloš , Belej Ľubomí­r , Golian Jozef , Židek Radoslav
Published: July 2014

The aim of this work was to use TaqMan Real-Time PCR for quantitative authentication of chicken and turkey meat.To meet this purpose, a specific pair of primers and TaqMan probe was used. The test was aimed at identifying the reaction cycle of turkey and chicken meat using by two sets of primers. With first set of primer designed for chicken we obtained the following results: Cp = 16.18 for 100% chicken DNA Cp = 29, 18 100% turkey DNA It was also amplified DNA of pig that exceeded the detection threshold fluorescence intensities in the 31.07 cycle (Cp = 31.07). Using primers designed for turkey we obtained the following results Cp = 31.16 for 100% CHDNA, Cp =16.18 100% TDNA. It was also amplified the 100% DNA of rabbit in 31.63 cycle (Cp = 31.63) and deer in cycle 32 (Cp = 32). The DNA of all other animal species was amplificated after more than 35 cycles (Cp >35). It follows that the second detection primer pair is specific enough to unrelated species of animals by 30 cycles of the reaction. Species authentication based on DNA analysis from this perspective overcomes all the shortcomings of proteins. At present, DNA analysis use different types of PCR. Is the most progressive Real-time PCR, which is suitable for the specific use of detection (primers and TaqMan probe). The TaqMan Real-time PCR is within the sensitivity and specificity, clearly one of the best methods for identifying the species of chicken and turkey meat. The specificity of this method, however, depends primarily on the specificity of the primers and TaqMan probe. The 30 cycle reaction was chosen by us as the threshold for specificity using primers for authentication chicken and turkey meat.
Nursing's Contribution to the Quality of Life of Family Caregivers of Alzheimer Patients
Authors: Vargas-Escobar Lina María ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Published: July 2014

Objetivo: generar una reflexión acerca de las intervenciones de enfermería en la atención de los cuidadores de pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer a partir de la revisión de la literatura que aborda los diferentes aspectos de la calidad de vida de esta población. Método: se efectuó una revisión de la literatura científica y académica con 40 artículos publicados entre 2000 y 2011 en bases de datos (ISI Web of Science, SciELO, Medline, Pubmed, Science Direct y Ovid) así como los resultados de Google Scholar. Resultados: se evidencian los principales aspectos que integran la calidad de vida para el cuidador, especialmente en el ámbito subjetivo, representados en las dimensiones físicas, psicológicas, sociales y espirituales. Conclusiones: la calidad de vida del cuidador familiar del paciente con Alzheimer está dada por las condiciones objetivas y subjetivas que integran el concepto. Enfermería tiene el potencial de participar no solo desde la práctica clínica y comunitaria, sino desde los roles en educación, investigación y política pública.
Recovering from Alcohol Addiction: A Transformation to Promote Health
Authors: Diaz-Heredia Luz Patricia , Muñoz-Sánchez Alba Idaly , Duran-de Villalobos Maria Mercedes ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Published: July 2014

Se presenta una metasíntesis cuyo objetivo es establecer las características del proceso de recuperación en las personas que tienen adicción al alcohol. La metodología metasintética se fundamenta en la integración e interpretación de los hallazgos de algunos estudios cualitativos que permiten reconocer elementos sustanciales en la creación de nuevas interpretaciones en el fenómeno de recuperación de la adicción al alcohol. Para ubicar las fuentes se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Ovid, Medline, Cinalh, Psych Info, Lilacs y Scielo, que comprendió el periodo 1988 a 2008, y en el que se ubicaron once artículos mediante las palabras clave: abuso de alcohol, adicción, dependencia, recuperación, experiencia e investigación cualitativa; de estos únicamente seis cumplieron con los criterios de calidad para ser incluidos en la metasíntesis. Los hallazgos permiten señalar que la recuperación es concebida como una trasformación con movimiento ascendente, conceptualización que implica reconocer la potencialidad de los aspectos positivos de las personas, alcanzar la madurez psicológica y espiritual, y lograr la paz y la libertad para actuar. En conclusión, este proceso de transformación inmerso en la recuperación debe ser reconocido por el profesional de enfermería para establecer, entre ese otro y ella, una fructífera interacción que permita el desarrollo del cuidado.
Dinâmica do uso e ocupação do solo no litoral sul do estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil
Authors: Girardi Gisele , Cometti Renata De Souza
Published: July 2014

Este artigo analisa alguns aspectos do uso de terra e da ocupação do litoral sul do estado do EspíritoSanto, Brasil, região composta por onze municípios, cinco dos quais incluídos na região metropolitanada Grande Vitória. Justifica, inicialmente, o recorte territorial adotado e apresenta uma análise históricadesta ocupação, que é articulada ao movimento geral da organização do espaço no estado doEspírito Santo. Discute, com base em análises de tabelas, a dinâmica demográfica e urbana, os aspectosinfra-estruturais e indicadores socioeconômicos. Finalmente, aponta algumas tendências e cenáriosfuturos, com ênfase na recente exploração de petróleo no mar territorial sul-espiritossantense, forçaeconômica que promove uma nova organização do espaço. Este trabalho resultou de pesquisa desenvolvidapela equipe Espírito Santo do Subgrupo Temático Uso e Ocupação do Grupo Temático Modelageme Monitoramento da Erosão e Ocupação Costeira Instituto do Milênio (Milênio-Recos-MMOC),e pretende fornecer alguns elementos à compreensão das relações entre os elementos naturais e humanosque configuraram as zonas costeiras brasileiras.
Caracterização do uso e ocupação do solo dos municípios do Litoral Norte do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Strohaecker Tania Marques , Fujimoto Nina Simone Vilaverde Moura , Ferreira Anelise Helm , Kunst Aline Vicente
Published: July 2014

A ocupação dos municípios litorâneos do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul vem se intensificando nasúltimas décadas por causa de dois vetores principais: o processo de urbanização e o processo de exploraçãoturística. A proximidade da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RMPA), a acessibilidadefacilitada pela confluência de uma série de rodovias e a diversidade de ambientes longitudinais à costaconferem à região uma situação ímpar. Esses ecossistemas de rara beleza (campos de dunas, banhados,cordão de lagoas e escarpa do planalto) vêm sofrendo uma ação antrópica significativa, mas carente dequalidade. O principal objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar os perfis dos municípios do Litoral Norte doEstado do Rio Grande do Sul, a partir da análise territorial dos processos de urbanização e de emancipação,do crescimento demográfico, das migrações e de indicadores econômicos, contribuindo, assim,com elementos para subsidiar a formulação de políticas públicas municipais e regionais. A regionalizaçãoadotada procura contemplar aspectos político-administrativos e físico-naturais, englobando vinte e ummunicípios. A caracterização empreendida delineou quatro perfis de municípios: urbanos com populaçãopermanente; urbanos para fins de segunda residência; urbanos agroindustriais; e municípios rurais.