bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Especificación de un modelo para el estudio de las redes colaborativas en una universidad productora de conocimiento
Authors: Aldana-Balderas Wilfrido , Espinoza-Morales Francisco , Hernández-Valdés Jorge , García-Lirios Cruz
Published: April 2019

Las redes de conocimiento y la colaboración organizacional son reflejo de una cultura del éxito, liderazgo transformacional y clima de relaciones en torno a las que se gestan relaciones de confianza, apoyo, innovación y metas. Se trata de organizaciones bidireccionales y horizontales con equidad y solidaridad. El objetivo del presente trabajo es establecer las correlaciones entre los factores. Se llevó a cabo un estudio no experimental, transversal y exploratorio con una selección de 300 administrativos, estudiantes y docentes de una universidad pública del centro de México. A partir de un modelo estructural, los resultados muestran que existe una relación de dependencia entre el clima de metas y la colaboración. A partir de estos hallazgos se advierten líneas de investigación relativas a la confianza como determinante de las redes de conocimiento y la colaboración organizacional.
Hallazgos y discursos en torno a la maternidad adolescente
Authors: Romero de Loera Bélgica
Published: April 2019

The objectives of this article are, on the one hand, to make visible the most representative current studies on "early motherhood", in order to situate young mothers in the sociocultural debates of today, identifying what is known about them, from where they have been seen and which questions are emerging from each of the studies reviewed. The results of the review of research articles have been thematically categorized, also included is a summary of the theoretical and methodological mainstream of the revised researchers. It is concluded that the study of adolescent motherhood as a social problem focuses on an adult-centric vision of motherhood and youth.
On hamiltonian decompositions of tensor products of graphs
Authors: Paulraja P. , Sampath Kumar
Published: April 2019

Finding a hamiltonian decomposition of G is one of the challenging problems in graph theory. We do not know for what classes of graphs G and H, their tensor product G x H is hamiltonian decomposable. In this paper, we have proved that, if G is a hamiltonian decomposable circulant graph with certain properties and H is a hamiltonian decomposable multigraph, then G x H is hamiltonian decomposable. In particular, tensor products of certain sparse hamiltonian decomposable circulant graphs are hamiltonian decomposable.
Management of major bile duct injuries following laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy - single center experience
Authors: Toskovic Borislav , Bilanovic Dragoljub , Resanovic Aleksandar , Todorovic Slobodan , Mrda Davor , Crnokrak Bogdan , Nadj Igor
Published: April 2019

Introduction/Objective. Bile duct injuries represent a devastating and potentially life-threatening consequence of cholecystectomy. Although most cholecystectomies are currently performed laparoscopically, some complex cases require an open approach. The aim of this report is to present and analyze a single center experience regarding the management of these injuries. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary referral institution. During a 13-year period, we identified a total of 64 patients. Only patients requiring surgical reconstruction to repair bile duct injuries were included in the study. Patients were grouped according to the type of surgical approach, i.e. laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy. Results. Out of 64 patients with bile duct injuries, 38 (59.4%) incurred the injuries during open and 26 (40.6%) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. No differences between the groups were observed concerning the time of bile duct injury diagnosis, type of injury, incidence of concomitant vascular and bile duct injuries, type of reconstruction procedure or complication rates after the primary intervention. The latency of bile duct injury management was found to differ between the study groups. In the open cholecystectomy group, bile duct injuries were managed significantly later than in the laparoscopic one. Conclusion. The results suggest that bile duct injuries occur with equal frequency after laparoscopic as well as open cholecystectomy. However, injuries are managed later after open than after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Tertiary centers have satisfactory outcomes of major bile duct injury reconstruction, with low rates of both morbidity and mortality.
Approximate analytical solutions of non-linear local fractional heat equations
Authors: Deng Shuxian
Published: April 2019

Consider the non-linear local fractional heat equation. The fractional complex transform method and the Adomian decomposition method are used to solve the equation. The approximate analytical solutions are obtained.
Numerical simulation of damage and permeability evolution mechanism of coal seam under microwave radiation
Authors: Xue Yi , Cao Zhengzheng , Dang Faning , Ma Zongyuan , Gao Jun
Published: April 2019

Microwave heating is an effective method to improve the recovery rate of coalbed CH4. In this study, a fully coupled electromagnetic thermodynamic model was developed to study the effects of coal compaction, thermal expansion and thermal gas desorption on coal deformation. The simulation results show that although in the initial stage, the decrease of gas pressure by microwave is not obvious, the distribution of gas pressure in coal seam is obviously affected by microwave after a period of time. The microwave can also affect the mineral composition of rocks, cause rock damage, promote the development of cracks, and promote the increase of permeability
The dynamic evolution analysis of gas seepage field during the mining process of protective layer
Authors: Cheng Hongmei , Dong Yuxia , Li Xiru , Chen Heng
Published: April 2019

The process of gas extraction by the protective layer mining is actually the multi-field coupling process. In this paper, the governing equations of the gas diffusion and seepage in the damaged coal and rock mass under the condition of the coupling action of gas and solid are established. A multi-field coupling analytical program is compiled by the FORTRAN language. The distribution and dynamic evolution law of the gas seepage field of the protected layer are calculated and analyzed. The result will provide the data support for the gas extraction design.
A new non-linear viscoelastic-plastic seepage-creep constitutive model considering the influence of confining pressure
Authors: Liu Ding , Pu Hai , Ju Yang , Cao Lili , Sha Ziheng , Xu Junce , Ni Hongyang , Liu Senhao , Lu Jingfeng
Published: April 2019

In this paper, the non-linear viscoelastic-plastic creep models in 1-D and 3-D casesare established. The new non-linear viscoelastic-plastic seepage-creep constitutive models addressed, considering the influence of confining pressure. The proposed models provide the prediction of the creep deformation under the seepage.
Mineral katkı içeren kalsiyum alüminat çimento esaslı harçların mekanik, dayanıklılık, termal ve içyapı özelliklerinin araştırılması
Authors: Tuyan Murat , Soykan Kübra Sevcan , NAMAL İrem , ANDİÇ ÇAKIR Özge
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmada, kalsiyum alüminat
çimentosunun ağırlıkça %10’u ile %40'ı oranında yüksek fırın cürufu ve uçucu
kül ile kısmi ikame edilmesi sonucu elde edilen kalsiyum alüminat çimento
esaslı harç karışımlarının mekanik, dayanıklılık, termal ve içyapı özellikleri
incelenmiştir. Karışımların basınç ve eğilme dayanımları 3, 7, 28 ve 90.
günlerde belirlenmiştir. Harç karışımları üzerinde sülfat ve asit direnci,
yüksek sıcaklık direnci, termogravimetrik analiz (TGA), bilgisayarlı mikro
tomografi (MicroCT) ve x-ışını foto elektron spektroskopisi (XPS) analizleri
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kalsiyum alüminat çimentosunun %10 yüksek fırın cürufu ve
%20 uçucu kül ile ikame edilmesi sonucu üretilen harçlar üzerinde basınç
dayanımı, yüksek sıcaklık direnci ve dayanıklılık deney sonuçları kontrol
karışımı ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Mineral katkı ilavesi nedeniyle karışımların
gözenek yapısında değişiklikler olmasına rağmen, karışımların kimyasal
özelliklerinde önemli bir değişiklik gözlemlenmemiştir. Deney sonuçları, yüksek
fırın cürufunun ve uçucu külün kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu yerine kısmen
kullanılması ile ekolojik verimli ve uygun maliyetli bir bağlayıcı yapı
malzemesi üretebileceğini göstermektedir.
High speed laser cladding of an iron based alloy developed for hard chrome replacement
Authors: Lampa Conny , Smirnov Ivan
Published: April 2019

Tougher environmental legislations related to the usage of hexavalent chrome are forcing industries to search for new alternatives to replace conventional hard chrome plating [European Union, Off. J. Eur. Union 56, 1–5 (2013)]. In addition to the environmental aspects, the typical requirements of the coatings are smooth surfaces with high resistance to wear and corrosion [R. Weil and K. Sheppard, “Electroplated coatings, friction, lubrication, and wear technology,” in ASM Handbook, ASM International, edited by S. D. Henry (ASM International, Metals Park, OH, 1992), Vol. 18, pp. 834–839]. Furthermore, to be attractive to any high volume industrial application, a replacement solution must not only have technical, but also cost benefits. High-speed laser cladding is such a process that can replace hard chrome plating [T. Schopphoven, A. Gasser, and K. Wissenbach, J. Laser Appl. 28, 022501 (2016); T. Schopphoven, A. Gasser, and G. Backes, Laser Tech. J. 4, 26–29 (2017)]. If compared to conventional laser cladding, where the layer thickness normally ranges between 0.5 and 1.5 mm, the high-speed laser cladding process can produce layers between 25 and 500 μm in thickness. The resulting heat input as well as the dilution with the substrate is very low [T. Schopphoven, A. Gasser, and G. Backes, Laser Tech. J. 4, 26–29 (2017)]. Until now, nickel based alloys have mostly been used as hard chrome replacement with high-speed laser cladding [T. Schopphoven, A. Gasser, and K. Wissenbach, J. Laser Appl. 28, 022501 (2016); O. Raykis, Laser Tech. J. 1, 28–30 (2017)]. However, there is a need for new innovative coating materials. The novel iron-based alloy in this study, consisting of 18% Cr and 2.5% Ni, features very good wear properties and high corrosion resistance. In combination with high-speed laser cladding, this alloy delivers an environmentally friendly and cost effective solution with complete metallurgical bonding to the substrate.
El abordaje integral e intercultural del paciente
Authors: Herrera Ramírez Diego , Troya Altamirano Carlos , Guevara Alicia , Obregón Miguel , Gaus David
Published: April 2019

Para superar el enfoque biologista y deshumanizador de la medicina hegemónica los modelos de atención se autodefinen arrogantemente “con enfoque integral, bio-psico- social, e intercultural”. El presente escrito critica la pretensión positivista del enfoque integral e intercultural del paciente. Y, a continuación, propone un método de abordaje utilizando conceptos de las ciencias sociales como apoyo indispensable para que los médicos puedan superar el biologismo y el positivismo médico.

Los autores entienden la interculturalidad como un problema de poder, en el cual, se confrontan no solo intereses económicos y políticos sino también formas de pensar, valorar y sentir el mundo. La interculturalidad en la Medicina, es la posibilidad de crear las condiciones subjetivas y objetivas que permitan la libre elección del “itinerario terapéutico” de parte de los pacientes, a través de la “intercuturalidad real”. Lo que significa descolonizar el consultorio médico, para convertirlo en un espacio inclusivo de la diversidad.
Pengelolaan Kelas: Upaya Mengukur Keberhasilan Proses Pembelajaran
Authors: Mahmudah Mahmudah
Published: April 2019

Classroom management is an activity or effort to overcome a problem, which is aimed at creating and maintaining a classroom atmosphere that effectively supports the learning program. Effective learning can be done by creating students’ motivation to always be involved and participate in the learning process in the classroom. Creating an effective learning atmosphere can be done through creating a sense of comfort, fun and motivation so as to encourage students to learn. Therefore, success in student learning process must be supported by a competent teacher. The success in improving the effectiveness of the learning process in classroom management needs a teacher who is active (reading a lot) in mastering the material comprehensively, can control the information so as not to be obsolete, has work commitment (sincere, diligent and not easy to complain), and is able to be the model of his/her students.
Pendidikan Inklusif: Konsep Dasar, Ruang Lingkup, Dan Pembelajaran
Authors: Yulianto Totok
Published: April 2019

Inclusive education provides educational services based on the variation of learners potential in an educational institution. This service is very suitable for children with special needs that has unique individual characteristics. The implementation of inclusive education is currently not aligned with national schooling systems that tend to implement a standardized service system. The term of standard service is the equal treatments for each individual and the learning completeness with the benchmarks of the national standard. In relation to the condition of children with special needs, who has various limitations and learning needs, the implementation of inclusive education requires curriculum modification, learning strategy, learning assessment system and school management in accordance with the needs for children with special needs.
Transformation of Gender Relations as a Result of Compensation Reactions
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Baturina Larisa Nikolaevna , Baturina Natalia Viktorovna ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: April 2019

The paper deals with the changes in the gender relations of families in the early 21st century. The relevant problems of the modern Russian family are considered from the perspective of the compensation theory developed by German philosophers Joachim Ritter, Hermann Lübbe, and Odo Marquard. Having analyzed the modern family phenomena, the authors conclude that they can be explained either with the help of infantilization process (a refusal to grow up and become mature) or culture historification. Infantilization could be found in such aspects as a decrease in marriages, an increase in marriage and childbearing age, changes in several wedding traditions, and appearance of the new ones. The compensation theory explains the manifestation of modernization in society and can be used to present gender relations culture in the context of family and marriage. As a result of the culture historification, the paper suggests the following phenomena demonstrated by the government through mass media: traditional nuclear family model (which consists of a father, a mother, and children), gender stereotypes about families (male breadwinner and female housekeeper), supporting the traditional female models. The authors pay attention to quasi traditions in gender relations which are offered by false experts. The main idea of these quasi traditions is to spread gender stereotypes about feminine and masculine role models.
ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF MAINTENANCE CRITERIA FOR GREEN ROOF IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Saharuddin Shafikah , Khalil Natasha
Published: April 2019

The implementation of green roof on top of buildings is becoming a trend in the urban cities and provides numerous benefits to the green development growth. Despite the benefit and enhancement on green roof installation, maintenance consideration is still largely unexplored as the main significant factor in the viability of green roof installation. This paper is aimed to identify the significant criteria of green roof maintenance practice in Malaysia. The literature findings revealed that there are generally twenty (20) criteria pointed as maintenance criteria. Out of 20, six maintenance criteria were identified as the most significant factors towards the best practice of green roof maintenance.
HIGH-RAISED BUILDINGS IN URBAN AREA CONTRIBUTES TO THE SNATCH THEFT INCIDENTS
Authors: Mustafa Anith Nabilah , Md Sakip Siti Rasidah
Published: April 2019

Snatch theft incidents are on the rise in Malaysia especially in the cities. It tends to happen in cities because there is a possibility to commit it and both crime and urban are often associated with each other. The aim of this paper is to find out whether the building with two or more levels in urban area contributes to the snatch theft incidents. The present study has been taken up to detect the hotspots of snatch theft in Selangor, Malaysia. The crime data were obtained by requesting and analysing the index crime statistical data from the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP). This study made use of the Geographical Information System (GIS) where its 3D modelling function to construct, assess and analyse the area with high snatch theft cases. The crime reports of 2010 until 2015 were geocoded and the crime maps were prepared in ArcGIS 10.2. It was found that the hotspot area is a mix-used development area which consists mainly of commercial and residential areas of more than two-level buildings.
Jóvenes universitarios, cultura escrita y ciberespacio. Elementos conceptuales, empíricos y metodológicos para una propuesta de investigación
Authors: Carvajal Barrios Giovanna
Published: April 2019

El artículo presenta la formulación del problema, el marco teórico, el estado del arte y los objetivos de una investigación que se encuentra en desarrollo en la ciudad de Cali (Colombia). El antecedente inmediato del proyecto es un trabajo doctoral, en el que se caracterizan las prácticas de lectura y escritura de dos grupos contrastantes de sujetos (jóvenes universitarios y adultos profesionales) en el ciberespacio. El proyecto –que actualmente se encuentra en su fase de recolección de datos- se propone profundizar en algunos de los hallazgos de dicha investigación, al analizar la incidencia que tiene la relación de los sujetos (en este caso los jóvenes) con la cultura escrita alfabética, en sus modos de leer y escribir al interior de escenarios como WhatsApp, Facebook y Twitter. Así mismo busca establecer comparaciones con un trabajo realizado dos décadas atrás, con el fin de identificar las trasformaciones que se han dado durante este tiempo en la configuración de hábitos juveniles de lectura y escritura.
MarcoPolo: una plataforma digital de análisis del discurso electoral en Twitter
Authors: Alcántara Plá Manuel , Ruiz Sánchez Ana , Benito Rey Marisol , Amessa García Vanessa , Martín Jimeno Alejandro
Published: April 2019

Objetividad, validez y replicabilidad son requisitos básicos de la investigación científica. Los estudios de análisis del discurso digital no deben ser ajenos a ello, sobre todo en ámbitos con alto impacto social como es el discurso político. En este artículo presentamos la plataforma MarcoPolo, una herramienta implementada para cumplir con ellos respetando las restricciones de licencias del corpus y para hacer las investigaciones accesibles a un público más general. Permite navegar por el corpus a través de más de 10.000 gráficos que representan los usos léxicos en Twitter de los cinco partidos más votados en España y sus candidatos entre octubre de 2015 y junio de 2016. Se describe el diseño de la página, su uso y algunos ejemplos de su funcionalidad para los investigadores del discurso político digital.
Who are „Young Carers”? Analysis of the Use of the Term in German Speaking Countries and Development of a Definition / Wer sind Young Carers? Analyse der Begriffsverwendung im deutschsprachigen Raum und Entwicklung einer Definition
Authors: Frech Marianne , Nagl-Cupal Martin , Leu Agnes , Schulze Gisela C. , Spittel Anna-Maria , Kaiser Steffen
Published: April 2019

Introduction

Children and adolescents with caring responsibility who are looking after a family member or a person close are often hiding from the view of the public. They are not well recognised from professionals from health care, education and social services. Several research as well as support programmes have been initiated within the last years. It became obvious that the term ‘young carers’ was translated in various ways into German and connected with different attributes. An integral understanding is yet of high relevance for the international dialogue as well as for the transfer from theory to practice.

Aim

The aim of this article is to analyse and conceptualize the use of different terminologies for ‘young carers’ by professionals when providing support for these young people. A definition for the target population was developed for German speaking countries that will provide the groundwork for the scientific and public discourse.

Methods

A concept analysis by Walker und Avant (2014) was conducted.

Results

The analysis illustrated the various use of terms as well as defining key characteristics – the presence of an ill person that needs support, the age of these young people, the tasks they perform as well as the involved high responsibility.

Discussion

Not all children of family members or persons close who have an illness or impairment perform a support role. Only part of these young people take on caring tasks and provide support on a significant level.

Conclusion

The analysis showed the need for a clarification of the terms used in German speaking countries for ‘young carers’. A commonly applied definition enables an identification of the target group by professionals and the persons concerned. Additionally, it facilitates the alignment to the proceeding international discourse.
Delirium-Prevention Programs in German and Austrian Hospitals – Views on Goals, Barriers, Facilitators and Implementation Procedures: A Qualitative Telephone Study / Programme zur Delirprävention in deutschsprachigen Krankenhäusern: eine qualitative, telefonische Befragung zu den Zielstellungen, Barrieren, Förderbedingungen und Umsetzungsschritten in der Implementationsphase
Authors: Wübbeler Markus , Bachmann Sandra , Bringemeier Julia
Published: April 2019

Objectives

Analysis of barriers, facilitators and concepts to implement delirium prevention programs in German and Austrian hospitals.

Materials and Methods

Qualitative, semi-structured expert interviews with 9 leaders of delirium prevention programs in Germany and Austria.

Results

Leaders described delirium incidence reduction, higher standards in hospital care for older patients, and improvement of employee satisfaction as goals for their delirium prevention pro-gram. Barriers were described with fragmented hospital care structures – regarding sections and professional background of the staff – and lack of financial resources. Facilitators were named with acknowledging delirium prevention successes of known community leaders and building interest groups and networks. For the implementation of their delirium prevention program, hospitals used working groups and networks to benefit from outside perspectives on their implementation process.

Conclusion

Although delirium prevention is associated with cost savings in hospital procedures, program leaders described a lack of financial resources to implement delirium prevention programs. To face the demographic shift in hospital care, it is vital to implement national health care funding for delirium prevention programs. Currently, hospital leaders described an undersupply of older patients with delirium in German and Austrian hospital care.
Human Leukocyte Antigens Class II Alleles Affecting the Response to 5–7 Year Antiretroviral Therapy in A Latvian Cohort
Authors: Jasinskis Vladislavs , Koļesova Oksana , Koļesovs Aleksandrs , Rozentāle Baiba , Ažiņa Inga , Kramiča Ksenija , Vīksna Ludmila , Eglīte Jeļena
Published: April 2019

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) aims at suppressing viral replication and strengthening immune system in patients with HIV-1. Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) are among factors responsible for effectiveness of ART. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HLA Class II alleles on the response to long-time ART, assessed by a change in CD4+ T-cell count in relation to viral load. The sample included 69 patients (17 females and 52 males) aged 20 to 50 with HIV-1 infection, who were undergoing ART in the Latvian Centre of Infectious Diseases. The median period of observation was 5.7 years. CD4+ T-cell count and viral load were analysed at the baseline and end of the period of observation. HLA typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction with low resolution sequence specific primers. Multiple hierarchical linear regression analysis confirmed that an increase in HIV-1 viral load was associated with a decrease in the level of CD4+ T-cell count. In addition, HLA-DRB1*04 and HLA-DQB1*06:01 alleles contributed negatively to the level of CD4+ T-cell count.
Biomechanical Properties of Human Dilated Ascending Aorta
Authors: Brečs Ivars , Stradiņš Pēteris , Kalējs Mārtiņš , Strazdiņš Uldis , Ozolanta Iveta , Kasyanov Vladimir
Published: April 2019

Aneurysms of ascending aorta are dilatation of the first part of the human aorta. They commonly show no clinical symptoms. This condition increases the risk of aorta dissection, which is a life-threatening condition. In this study we attempted to elucidate the changes in the biomechanical properties that occur in the dilated human ascending aorta. Fourteen specimens of ascending aorta wall were mechanically tested under a uniaxial tensile test. Two specimens from each ascending aorta anterior region were cut in longitudinal and circumferential directions. The samples were stretched until rupture of the sample occurred. The obtained experimental data were processed to determine maximal stress, maximal strain and the tangential modulus of elasticity in the linear part of the stress-strain curve. The obtained results showed a remarkable anisotropy of the ascending aorta tissue. We found higher strength of the tissue in the circumferential direction than in the longitudinal direction. There were no statistically significant differences between the strains of the samples. Tangential modulus of elasticity of the aortic samples in the longitudinal direction was significantly lower than the elastic modulus of the samples in the circumferential direction. The tissue in the circumferential direction is stronger and stiffer than in the longitudinal direction.
Presence of Human Bocavirus 1 and other Respiratory Viruses in Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Latvia
Authors: Vilmane Anda , Ziemele Inga , Rasa Santa , Terentjeva Anna , Murovska Modra , Gardovska Dace , Lin Yung-Cheng , Nora-Krūkle Zaiga
Published: April 2019

Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality of children in the world. In addition to respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus types A and B, parainfluenza types 1, 2 and 3, and adenoviruses, several new respiratory viruses associated with LRTI were discovered in the 21st century. These are metapneumovirus, coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1, parainfluenza virus type four and human bocavirus one (HBoV1). HBoV1 was discovered in 2005 and is considered as the fourth most prevalent respiratory virus worldwide. However, the high frequency of co-infections detected together with HBoV1 raises doubt about whether HBoV1 is a true pathogen or just a bystander. This is the first study aimed to determine the presence of HBoV1 and 18 other respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) of children with LRTI in Latvia. Using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction method, the HBoV1 genomic sequence was detected in 60.0% of NPA samples, showing that HBoV1 prevalence is high among children with LRTI in Latvia. HBoV1 mono-infection was revealed in 6.67%. The most common co-infections associated with HBoV1 were rhinovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus A and B, metapneumovirus, and enterovirus.
Retrospective Serological Evidence of High Exposure of Globally Relevant Zoonotic Parasite Toxoplasma Gondii in The Latvian Population
Authors: Deksne Gunita , Veisa Vija , Rezeberga Dace , Vīksna Ludmila , Krūmiņa Angelika
Published: April 2019

Toxoplasmosis is an important infection caused by the single-celled parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which is a zoonotic parasite causing widespread human and animal diseases, mostly involving the central nervous system. Humans can acquire toxoplasmosis by ingestion of raw or undercooked meat containing T. gondii tissue cysts, ingestion of oocysts shed by infected felids via contaminated food or water, and by vertical transmission to the fetus through the placenta from the mother during pregnancy. The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of specific anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using a large set of clinical diagnostic laboratory data obtained over a 14-year period. In total, 25 069 unique patients were included in the present study. The overall specific anti-T. gondii IgG prevalence were 36.3%, which was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than IgM prevalence (2.4%). Mean age for IgG antibody-positive patients was 33.7 ± 12.2 years. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.99; p < 0.01) was observed between age group and anti-T. gondii IgG antibody prevalence, which ranged from 4.2% to 66.7%. The most prevalent (69.9%; 95% CI 69.2–70.7) comorbidities of patients tested for presence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were classified as factors affecting health status which includes also monitoring of normal pregnancy.
Differences in Long- and Short-Term Memory Performance and Brain Matter Integrity in Seniors With Different Physical Activity Experience
Authors: Šneidere Kristīne , Alruwais Nourah , Dowell Nicholas G. , Arnis Voldemārs , Harlamova Jeļena , Kupčs Kārlis , Mintāle Iveta , Ulmane Zane , Vanaga Andra , Young Jeremy C. , Rusted Jennifer , Stepens Ainārs
Published: April 2019

Due to increasing changes in demographics, maintaining cognitive functioning later in life has become both economic and social concerns, and thus finding a cost-effective solution is one of the priorities in research. Factors like physical and intellectual activities have been associated with better cognitive performance in later life. While several studies have considered the impact of short-term physical activity interventions on cognitive functioning, retrospective research focusing on life-time physical activity experience has been sparse. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between memory performance and whole brain matter integrity in seniors with different regular life-long physical activity experience. Fifty-three Latvian seniors aged 65–85 (M = 72.25, SD = 5.03, 83% female) with no self-reported chronic disease participated in the study. Measures of memory, physical activity and whole brain matter integrity were obtained and analysed. The obtained results indicated no significant relationship between physical activity experience and short and long-term memory and whole brain matter integrity; however, brain matter integrity was significantly correlated with demographic factors like age and education. These results might be related to inadequate physical activity measures, as well as unequal physical activity experience in participants. In the future, more detailed assessment of physical activity experience should be considered.
Long-Term Evaluation of The Functional and Esthetical Outcomes for The New Method of The Toe-To-Hand Transfer for Full-Length Thumb Reconstruction in Congenital Thumb’s Hypoplasia in Children
Authors: Ozols Dzintars , Zariņš Jānis , Pētersons Aigars
Published: April 2019

Congenital thumb hypoplasia is a rare deformity of the upper extremity. Incidence of thumb hypoplasia type I–V was 2–3 and type IIIb-V was 0.5–1 per 20 000 newborns per year in Latvia. The classification of thumb hypoplasia was created by Blauth in 1967 (type I to V). The base of the metacarpal bone is absent for hypoplasia type IIIb–V; therefore, toe-to hand transplantation is not recommended. A stable first carpometacarpal joint has been considered a mandatory factor for successful toe-to-hand transplantation. A technique for toe-to-hand transplantation for thumb hypoplasia type IIIb–V patients has been described in literature but overall results were not better than pollicisation. The aim of this study is to describe a new technique for thumb reconstruction with a second toe transfer with metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis, which can provide a 5-digit hand and restore the functionality of the thumb for thumb hypoplasia IIIb–V. Long-term follow up was done to evaluate the functions and aesthetics of the hands. A survey to evaluate aesthetical outcome for the transplantation method and pollicisation method was completed by 290 respondents. The overall population rated the aesthetic outcomes of the new transplantation method significantly higher than for pollicisation (p < 0.0001).
Changes in Diagnostic Patterns of Depression Among Family Physicians in Latvia after Participating in The Education Course on Depression Developed within the National Research Programme Biomedicine 2014–2017: Preliminary Results
Authors: Rancāns Elmārs , Ķīvīte-Urtāne Anda
Published: April 2019

Annually, 7.9% of the general population in Latvia are suffering from depression. According to the official statistics, less than 8000 persons a year have been treated for depression in the state-paid health care services while the National Research Programme (NRP) BIOMEDICINE 2014–2017 found that more than 70 000 depressed patients annually are coming to family physicians (FPs) in Latvia. Within NRP researchers have developed an algorithm for diagnostics and treatment of depression and carried out ten educational courses for FPs all over Latvia in 2016. Data on the treatment of depression have been collected from the National Health Service (NHS) database from 01.01.2015 till 30.06.2017. Changes between the trained and control groups have been calculated for the time period before intervention — 2015–2016 and six months right after it. The “Depression School” was attended by 210 (15.2%) out of 1382 FPs, in contract with the NHS, who signed in for the course on first-to-come basis. There were no statistically significant demographic differences between trained and control groups, except, a larger proportion of FPs from rural places vs. the capital city attended the courses. Comparing the trained and control groups, during the period before the intervention there were on average 0.96 vs. 0.83 depressive episodes (F32) and 3.26 vs.1.74 recurrent depressive disorder (F33) episodes in 1/2 year (p < 0.001). Statistically significant increase was observed for F33 episodes (+1.42, p < 0.001), and numeric for F32 episodes (+0.18, p = 0.36) in the trained group of FPs in 2017. In total this gave a statistically significant (p < 0.001) increase by 43.6% of F33 diagnoses following the education course on depression for family physicians. Further analysis of data to access sustainability of training effect after 12 and 24 months are underway.
Глобальные города: многокритериальная оценка устойчивого развития
Authors: Шмелева И.А. , Шмелев С.Э.
Published: April 2019

Многокритериальная оценка устойчивого (sustainable) и умного (smart) развития городов необходима для реализации нового стратегического направления трансформации городов c целью снижения их воздействия на окружающую среду, увеличения занятости и стимулирования экономического развития и улучшения качества жизни. Анализ показателей устойчивого и умного городского развития в 143 городах мира, включая Лондон, Нью-Йорк, Гонконг, Сан-Франциско, Лос-Анжелес, Сан-Паулу, Рио-де-Жанейро, Буэнос-Айрес, Париж, Берлин, Стокгольм, Москву, Пекин, Сеул, Сингапур, Шанхай, Сидней и Токио, проведен методом многокритериального оценивания по 20 индикаторам. Были выявлены основные факторы, влияющие на выбросы CO2 в городах, включая доли угля и возобновляемых источников (ВИЭ) в энергетике, уровень развития общественного транспорта, особенности велосипедного и пешеходного движения, степень переработки отходов, а также налог на выбросы углерода. Результаты показывают, что среди глобальных городов Сан-Франциско лидирует при выборе экономических и экологических факторов как приоритетных, Стокгольм – при выборе в качестве приоритетных социальной направленности и разумности развития. Сеул показывает очень хорошие показатели по всему спектру индикаторов. В статье обсуждаются стратегии, средства и показатели, которые позволяют городам лидировать в направлении устойчивого и умного развития. Такой подход может быть полезен для лиц, принимающих решения, а также для инвесторов, и может помочь в идентификации связей между различными сторонами устойчивого и умного развития, а также выявлению потенциала устойчивого развития и инвестиционных возможностей в городах.
Central Asian Regional Economic Cooperation Program as Driver of Regional Energy Projects to Promote Energy Security in the Post-Soviet Central Asia
Authors: Aminjonov F. S.
Published: April 2019

The resource-sharing mechanism, which ensured sufficiency and reliability of energy supplies within the Central Asian energy system (CAES) collapsed soon after the disintegration of the Soviet Union. Isolationist energy policies, both in terms of full self-reliance and self-control, without the establishment of self-sustaining independent energy systems, not only threatened security of energy supplies, but also, to a different extent, hampered the socio-economic development in Central Asia. In an attempt to mitigate the negative impact of the new energy policies, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) supported Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) was introduced as one of the key programs to ensure sustainable access of the population and economies to energy. One of the top priority areas has been strengthening regional cooperative dynamics in the energy sector. Primarily focusing on regional cooperation CAREC attempts to solve the problem of uneven distribution and seasonal variation of energy production in the region, assuming that this would lead to better standards of life and economic growth. This article aims to analyze the extent of contribution of CAREC energy initiatives to improve energy security and promote energy–led economic growth in Central Asia through regional energy projects.
The problem of the politicization of ethnic communities in the Flemish region of Belgium
Authors: Chernikina A. N.
Published: April 2019

This article seeks to trace the reasons for the emergence of separatist sentiments in the European Union states, particularly in Belgium. The article gives its brief assessment of the current state of the issue mentioned and undertakes an analysis of the situation pertaining the Flemish region. Significant attention is being given to the consideration of the economic reasons for the existing disparities and positions of the major nationalistic parties of the region of Flanders. Ethnic and cultural factors continue to play a significant role in the political life of modern European states and often become a major point of contention. The author notes that ethno-political conflicts are quite common, but almost insoluble problems. The origins of such conflicts are usually grounded firmly in the history of resettlement and development of a particular nation or an ethnic group. Besides, they reflect the processes of the restructuring of the global political space and are typically accompanied by political and national self-identification crises. It is equally important to understand the importance of certain historic periods to a nation, inhabiting the specific territory of a state.

In the case of Belgium, the period of its formation, and the developments, contributing to the country’s independence in the 19th century, are directly related to the Flemish people’s national memory — a key factor needed to determine the specifics of the existing differences between the two regions. Over the centuries, one ethnic group has been suppressed by the neighboring one. It couldn’t not fully fulfil its cultural and economic potential.

The change of the status of the Flemings in Belgium in the 20th century, the equalization of both nations in their rights have failed to resolve all the contradictions existing for centuries. The traditional Flemish desire to promote and protect the region’s interests has generated separatist sentiments, which still make up a significant part of the country’s domestic political agenda. However, owing to the fragmentation of the nationalist groups and the lack of coherent policy among them, it is currently impossible to make a statement on the region’s secession.
TIETOSUOJALAKI TULI VOIMAAN VUODEN ALUSSA
Authors: Heikkinen Pekka
Published: April 2019

Eduskunta hyväksyi 2018 loppuvuodesta kansallisen tietosuojalain. Laki tuli voimaan vuodenvaihteessa ja se korvasi aiemman henkilötietolain.
PERANCANGAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN TAS BACKPACK ERGONOMIS DAN MULTIFUNGSI
Authors: Rizani Nataya Charoonsri , Satria Agie
Published: April 2019

Backpack is one of the most attractive bag because of its excellence in the load management.Based on customer’s need identification, there were several primary dan secondary needs. Backpackdesign then was following the rules of product design with attention to ergonomic and financialaspects. Products were designed and developed, made a prototype and tested over a period of timeon the user. Results feedback during implementation include aspects of shapes, sizes, features anddesign.
INOVASI MESIN PRODUKSI PUPUK CAIR DARI JERAMI BERBASIS FERMENTASI DENGAN PENDEKATAN VALUE GRAPH
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan , Maarif M. Syamsul , Arkeman Yandra
Published: April 2019

Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kesuburan lahan sawah adalah dengan pemberian
pupuk organik yang berasal dari bahan organik berupa limbah pertanian seperti jerami. Dalam
proses pembuatan dengan pendekatan sosial, ekonomi, teknologi dan lingkungan (SETE). Proses
pembuatan pupuk organik yang berasal dari limbah pertanian memerlukan waktu yang lama bila
dilakukan secara alami. Dengan adanya imitasi dan inovasi dalam pembuatan mesin pupuk cair dari
jerami berbasis fermentasi dapat mempercepat proses pembuatan karena adanya proses pencacah,
penghancur dan pengaduk bahan organik serta pengaturan kondisi ideal. Jerami dan bahan pelarut
dikumpulkan pada ruang fermentasi berupa tangki. Efektivitas proses pembuatan pupuk cair sangat
tergantung kepada mikroorganisme pengurai. Apabila mereka hidup dalam lingkungan yang ideal,
maka mereka akan tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik pula. Pengkondisian proses pembuatan
pupuk cair melalui pengontrolan elektronik meliputi suhu, kelembaban, derajat keasaman dan
tekanan. Air hasil fermentasi disaring untuk mendapat cairan bebas padatan kemudian diukur dan
dikondisikan kadar zat haranya yang cocok buat tanaman.
INOVASI PRODUK SABUN HERBAL TRANSPARAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MICROWAVE DARI LIMBAH PALA
Authors: I.B.D Kapelle , Maarif M. Syamsul , Arkeman Yandra
Published: April 2019

Nutmeg oil production generates waste in the form of residue distillation are containing
compound trimeristin. Innovation in the waste utilization by producing transparent herbal soaps
using the microwave method for the transesterification process. The production process uses
microwave method requires a short time, costs and energy are small and good quality is a strength in
developing product . This product has a market opportunity because it can compete with other
products, the advantages that are the effects of aromatherapy herbal ingredients.
PENJADWALAN JOB UNTUK MEMINIMASI MAKESPAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE JOB SPLITTING DAN METODE BRANCH AND BOUND
Authors: Maulidya Rahmi , Batubara Sumiharni , H.B Rio Ronald
Published: April 2019

Pada lingkungan flexible flowshop dengan mesin identik paralel, setiap job mengambil rute
yangsamamelewati aliran proses seperti flowshop dengan jumlah mesin lebih dari satu.Kasus
penjadwalan pada produksi tower telekomunikasi memiliki karakteristik flexible flowshop dengan
mesin identik paralel.Produk terdiri dari variasi part yang banyak dan beragam.Perbedaan dalam
penentuan kelompok pekerjaan memberikan dampak yang besar terhadap waktu penyelesaian.Satu
jobtidak dapat diproses pada dua buah mesin secara bersamaan, tetapi apabila job tersebut
merupakan bagian dari sebuah produk, maka job dapat dipecah menjadi beberapa sub job dan
diproses terpisah pada mesin berbeda. Pemecahan job atau yang disebut metode job splitting menjadi
salah satu cara untuk meminimasi makespan disamping metode branch and bound yang terbukti
sesuai untuk karakteristik flexible flowshop.Hasil perhitungan masing-masing metode memberikan
dampak terhadap efisiensi waktu fabrikasi.
RANCANGAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (SMK3) BERBASIS OHSAS 18001-2007 DAN SISTEM INFORMASI WEB PORTAL STUDI KASUS DI DI KSO PERTAMINA EP - BBP
Authors: Nurcahyo Yuli
Published: April 2019

To anticipate and decrease the total amount of work accidents and occupational ilness,
the Indonesian government requires that every company has an obligation to implement the
Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHS MS). In this regard, KSO Pertamina
EP-BBP begin drafting a strategic step in reducing, managing and avoiding losses caused by
workplace accidents began compiling Occupational Health and Safety Management System
(OHS MS).
The results of the study found the gap between the requirements of OHSAS 18001-2007
standard with OHS MS application in the enterprise. From the results of the evaluation of the
data gap analysis of OHS conducted , then obtained the average value: 2.18 with medium-scale
gap (partially complied with the requirements). This is due to the absence of the Occupational
Health and Safety Management System designed effectively, and integrated.
The design of OHS MS base on OHSAS 18001-2007 and the Information Systems made
in the form of a web portal which was named Benakat Hebat Tanpa Insiden (KATAHATI). The
results of the evaluation conducted found an average value of 3.06 (low gap or need to
consistently adhere to the requirements), when compared with the previous OHS MS, then there
is an increase in the average value: 0.88 of every element of the requirements of OHSAS 18001-
2007. From the comparison of the old system with a new one, found an increase in compliance
and implementation and improvements of OHS MS in the company.
APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN APOTEK
Authors: Purnamayudhia Onny , Satoto Eko Budi
Published: April 2019

Business management in the field of pharmacy requires a Sales Information database
systems. The purpose of this study is to design and apply the Sales Information System and to
identify the needs and requirements of the new system are made in order to improve the weakness
in the sales system. The method used is to make the sales information system design phases makes
flow diagram and context diagram. The results of the study were achieved is to produce a draft
Sales Information System that can find solutions quickly and effectively than the existing system
with a computerized system. Software used is by using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.