bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The metabolite 2-Methylbutyrylcarnitine does not Promote Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice
Authors: Wen Jielu , Zhao Zhengde , Cen Zhipeng , Zeng Renli , Lin Liyan , Yang Liu , Chen Yingna , Chen Sifan
Published: August 2024

Background: Although 2-methylbutyrylcarnitine (2MBC) has been associated with metabolic disorders and promotes thrombosis, its effect on atherosclerosis remains elusive. This study was aimed at investigating the role of 2MBC in atherosclerosis development.

Methods and Results: Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice were fed a Western diet for 18 weeks to induce atherosclerosis, then administered once-daily gavage with 2MBC or vehicle for 18 weeks. Parameters of systemic lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis were detected. Although 2MBC did not upregulate plasma total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, the plasma total triglycerides (TG) levels were further upregulated in Western-diet-induced mice treated with 2MBC, thus suggesting that this compound may contribute to hypertriglyceridemia. In addition, 2MBC had no effect on atherosclerosis development, as evidenced by no alterations in plaque area, exacerbation of local inflammation, or effects on plaque stability. RAW264.7 macrophages were used to investigate the effect of 2MBC on oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation in vitro. Treatment with 2MBC did not affect lipid uptake by foam cells. The addition of 2MBC did not affect the relative mRNA levels of inflammation-associated genes when macrophages were treated with lipopolysaccharide. In addition, to investigate the destructive effects of 2MBC on the vascular endothelium, we stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Ox-LDL did not alter the expression levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 or vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Furthermore, 2MBC combined with ox-LDL stimulation did not alter the expression of SR-A1 and ABCA1 in HUVECs.

Conclusions: Our study provides the first evidence that 2MBC does not promote atherosclerosis development. This compound does not increase intravascular plaque area, exacerbate the degree of local inflammation, or affect plaque stability in ApoE−/− mice.
The Liar’s Paradox and the Form of Utopia
Authors: Mann Jenny C.
Published: August 2024

If I lie and I say that I am lying, am I lying or telling the truth? This ancient riddle, the Liar’s Paradox, is at the heart of Thomas More’s Utopia (1516). Because the Liar’s Paradox refers to itself while also negating the truth of its own proposition, it generates an unresolvable logical contradiction. This essay recovers how scholastic logicians and modern mathematicians have grappled with the Liar Riddle, which provides a compact formula for capturing infinity. Drawing on these formalizations, I argue that Utopia uses the abstract techniques of logic and mathematics to inscribe an autonomous artificial system. This abstract formalization comprises utopia’s radical political potential: its ability to convert enclosure into a method of infinite expansion.
Media Background of Directors and Financial Risk Disclosure: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Mujtaba Muhammad Irsyad Elfin , Aini Siti Nur , Narsa I Made
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This research aims to examine the impact of the media background of board members on the financial risk disclosure practices of companies in the Indonesian business context.
Method: The research method utilized data from non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2010-2021. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis was employed to test the relationship between the independent variable (media background of board members) and the dependent variable (the quality of financial risk disclosure).
Findings: The results of the study indicate that board members with a media background tend to disclose fewer financial risks, suggesting that the influence of a media background can affect financial risk disclosure practices.
Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in exploring the impact of media backgrounds in the context of financial risk disclosure in Indonesian companies, providing new insights into the dynamics of corporate governance and the role of media in an increasingly information-driven era.
Redisplacement rate after bony hip reconstructive surgery in nonambulatory patients with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Delbrück Heide , Gehlen Yannik , Hildebrand Frank , Brunner Reinald
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Up to 90% of nonambulatory patients with cerebral palsy (CP) experience hip displacement during their lifetime. Reconstructive surgery is recommended. Redisplacement rate is an outcome parameter.

Methods

In a systematic literature review (MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL databases) until January 2023 we searched for reports with redisplacement rates after bony hip reconstructive surgery in nonambulatory patients. Quantitative data synthesis, subgroup analysis and meta-regression with moderators were carried out.

Results

The pooled mean redisplacement rate was 16% (95% CI: 12–21%) with a prediction interval of 3–51% (Q: 149; df: 32; P < 0.001; I2: 78%; τ2: 0.67 and τ: 0.82) in 28 studies (1540 hips). Varus derotation osteotomy (VDRO) alone showed a higher redisplacement rate than VDRO + pelvic osteotomy (30% vs 12%, P < .0001). Mean age in the VDRO-alone subgroup was 7.1 years and in the combined group 9.5 years (P = .004). In meta-regression, lower redisplacement rates were observed with higher preoperative migration index (MI) (correlation coefficient: −0.0279; P = .0137), where comprehensive surgery was performed. Variance in true effects are explained by type of bone surgery (57%), preoperative MI (11%), age (5%) and MI for definition of failure (20%). No significant reduction in the redisplacement rate could be observed over the mid-years of studies (1977-2015).

Conclusion

Our pooled data support the more extensive surgical approach in patients with high preoperative MI and emphasize the superiority of combined surgery. Studies should report a coordinated set of parameters and outcome classifications according to internationally accepted gradings to reduce redisplacement in future.
Microfractures, autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis, osteochondral autograft transplantation and autologous chondrocyte implantation for knee chondral defects: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Valisena Silvia , Azogui Benjamin , Nizard Rémy S , Tscholl Philippe M , Cavaignac Etienne , Bouché Pierre-Alban , Hannouche Didier
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Despite the publication of several randomized controlled trials (RCTs), it is not clear which technique for the treatment of focal chondral and osteochondral defects of the knee grants the best clinical outcome. The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to compare the efficacy and safety of microfractures (MF), autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC), osteochondral autograft transplantation (OCT) at short (< 1 year), intermediate (1–5 years) and long-term (> 5 years).

Methods

We carried out an NMA with Bayesian random-effect model, according to PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, clinicaltrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, from inception to November 2022. The eligibilities were randomized controlled trials on patients with knee chondral and osteochondral defects, undergoing microfractures, OCT, AMIC, ACI, without restrictions for prior or concomitant surgery on ligaments, menisci or limb alignment, prior surgery for fixation or ablation of osteochondritis dissecans fragments, and prior cartilage procedures as microfractures, drilling, abrasion, or debridement.

Results

Nineteen RCTs were included. No difference among treatments was shown in the pooled comparison of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) at any timepoint. Safety data were not available for all trials due to the heterogeneity of reporting, but chondrospheres seemed to have lower failure and reoperation rates.

Conclusion

This NMA showed no difference for PROMs with any technique. The lower failure and reoperation rates with chondrospheres must be interpreted with caution since adverse event data was heterogenous among trials. The standardization of the efficacy and safety outcome measures for future trials on knee cartilage repair and regeneration is necessary.
El cuerpo como lienzo aleccionador en “Ciudadanía” de Denise Phé-Funchal y “Locaciones” de Carla Pravisani
Authors: Masís-Chacón Nicole
Published: August 2024

This paper analyzes the short stories “Ciudadanía” (2011) by Denise Phé Funchal and “Locaciones” (2014) by Carla Pravisani. The objective is to review the representation of segregation and biopolitics over bodies through irony. Both stories construct characters traversed by body practices (Muñiz, 2014) that evidence the use of bodies as didactic-moralizing exhibitions. In addition, these bodiesare segregated and excluded from the social environment, according to the mixophobia proposed by Bauman (2015) to be transformed into dehumanizing and biopolitical practices typical of a permanent state of exception, as proposed by Giorgio Agamben (2014). Thus, the texts, based on what Hutcheon calls parodic irony, show in a scathing way the dehumanization of contemporary societies.
María Teresa Sánchez: las palabras contra el olvido
Authors: Zosa-Cano Alexander
Published: August 2024

One of the integral writers of Nicaraguan culture was María TeresaSánchez (Managua, October 15, 1918- Ibid., August 21, 1994) whoshe developed in the genres of poetry, narrative and essay; In addition to being an anthologist, editor and cultural promoter. His work Nicaraguan Poetry: Anthology (1948) rescues from oblivion to many authors before the middle of the last century, becoming a reference work of the 20th century. Here a poetic sample and a text are gathered narrative with the purpose of presenting to a new audience the work of a woman whose talent must be appreciated.
Contemporary papermaking in the tradition of Mahatma Gandhi
Authors: Hubbe Martin A. , Madappa Kavya
Published: August 2024

This editorial draws a parallel between important papermaking innovations that were implemented by Mahatma Gandhi and some more recent ventures in papermaking in India. Both of these examples share common themes of fostering the skills of local people, using local resources, and contributing to a better future. A key insight is the scaling of the equipment to be well matched with the size of the production team and enabling a broad range of product grades. The case study considered introduces a modern twist – using papermaking to achieve circularity in the production of textiles. As in the early days of European papermaking, once again waste textile products are serving as the primary source of material.
MASLD- Global prevalence, pathophysiological processes and management pathways- tackling a complex problem
Authors: Choudhuri Gourdas , R Kalel Seema , Dev Sharma Zubin , Bansal Rinkesh
Published: August 2024

Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is characterised by deposition of fat in liver which can be associated with necroinflammation and fibrogenesis, which may progress to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review intends to highlight the increasing prevalence, increasing data on genetic predisposition, gut microbiome and pathophysiological processes involved in the complex interplay for development of MASLD. The complex pathways also highlight the association of MASLD with cardiometabolic disorders like diabetes, atherosclerotic heart disease and dyslipidaemia particularly for hypertriglyceridemia. It also reviews briefly the diagnostic tools available in assessing the disease as well as lays outlay for the management of MASLD by various means including lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy and surgical options. Endoscopic and surgical weight management therapies have also been shown to be effective in MASLD. However, access and acceptability remain poor for these weight reduction methods. The developments in the integrated management of MASLD have been fairly encouraging with many programs encompassing lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions together. Further well-designed long-term prospective studies should be undertaken to generate evidence with definitive results.
Recent global perspectives and implications of medical-assisted death and euthanasia
Authors: Bouabida Khayreddine , Chaves Breitner , Anane Enoch , Jagram Navaal
Published: August 2024

Medical-assisted death and Euthanasia MAD-E is a medical practice in some parts of the world that has become, more than ever, the center of a vast debate both within the medical scientific community and in the community at large due to various factors. MAD-E involves complex medical, ethical, legal, and societal considerations and public health implications. This paper will present some general aspects of MAD-E, its definitions, legal status, clinical applications, and domains, and discuss certain important elements of the debate, highlighting the most recent perspectives, considerations, and implications associated with the practice of MAD-E.
Frequency of anesthetic techniques used in preeclamptic patients undergoing cesarean section
Authors: Balderas -Vázquez Dalila , Mendoza -Mejías Erik Javier , Zuno Núñez Victoria Nayeli
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a gestational complication characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria. It is one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. During cesarean section, choosing the appropriate anesthetic technique is crucial to ensure the safety of the mother and fetus. However, there is a paucity of updated information on anesthetic techniques and their frequency in patients with preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section. Objective: Determine the frequency of anesthetic techniques used to carry out the cesarean section procedure in pre-eclampsia obstetric patients in HGZ 3 of the IMSS, Aguascalientes, during the period from January 2022 to December 2022. Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective study was carried out. , in a sample of 64 obstetric patients with a diagnosis of preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section at HGZ 3 IMSS, Aguascalientes, during the period January to December 2022, who met the selection criteria. Results: We analyzed 64 records of patients with a diagnosis of preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section in order to determine the frequency of anesthetic techniques used to perform a cesarean section in patients with the previously mentioned diagnosis. It was observed that the anesthetic techniques used were: 26 (40.62%) mixed neuraxial block, 30 (46.87%) subarachnoid blocks, 1 (1.56%) epidural block and 7 (10.93%) general anesthesia. Conclusion: The most used anesthetic technique was subarachnoid block followed by mixed neuraxial block, while general anesthetics were less common, however, more frequent than expected. There is no anesthesia protocol for the anesthetic management of pregnant patients with a diagnosis of preeclampsia who must undergo a Caesarean section.
Severe methemoglobinemia in a 10-month-old patient in the pediatric intensive care unit. case report
Authors: E Caballero-Estupiñán , JM López-Álvarez , DL Lorenzo-Villegas
Published: August 2024

Methemoglobinemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of methemoglobin (>1.5 g/dl) in the blood, leading to tissue hypoxia and cyanosis. This disorder can range from asymptomatic to severe, with manifestations such as altered mental status and generalized seizures. In children, increased oxidation of hemoglobin's heme group is ften due to exposure to nitrates found in certain foods and drugs, compounded by infants' biochemical peculiarities. Prompt recognition and appropriate management are essential to prevent complications. Management involves identifying and eliminating triggers, supportive care, and specific treatments such as methylene blue. However, caution is warranted in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, as methylene blue can precipitate hemolysis. Ascorbic acid may be considered as an alternative in such cases. We present a case of a 9-month-old infant admitted to the intensive care unit with severe methemoglobinemia, likely triggered by dietary nitrate exposure. Treatment with methylene blue effectively reduced methemoglobin levels, resolving cyanosis and metabolic acidosis.
Features of the synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-(carboxyphenyl)chromones
Authors: Shablykina Olga V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska St., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine, Moskvina Viktoriia S. , Khilya Volodymyr P. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska St., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska St., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

Flavonoids and their derivatives have historically been a source of therapeutic agents. Every year, more and more data is published on new flavonoid compounds, both synthetic and isolated from natural sources, and their innumerable physiological and pharmacological activities. This review presents synthetic routes towards 3-(carboxyphenyl)chromones and evaluation of their biological activity as published in both journal and patent literature. We have focused specifically on the 3-(carboxyphenyl)chromones, because while methods of synthesis and biological activity of 2(3)-substituted and 2,3-disubstituted chromones are well studied, literature data on isoflavones containing a carboxyl, ester, or amide group in ring B is scarce and fragmentary. The presented generalization of synthetic strategies and biological activity of 3-(carboxyphenyl)chromone derivatives demonstrates that this class of compounds can be targeted for discovery of new drugs and can be readily prepared owing to recent advances in synthetic organic and medicinal chemistry
Дистанційне зондування Землі в розв’язанні геоекологічних проблем України: сучасний стан і перспективи
Authors: Попов Михайло Олексійович
Published: August 2024

У доповіді наведено найважливіші результати наукових досліджень у сфері застосування методів і технологій дистанційного зондування Землі для вирішення нагальних прикладних завдань у сфері геоекологічної безпеки держави. Створене фахівцями Державної установи «Науковий центр аерокосмічних досліджень Землі Інституту геологічних наук НАН України» теоретичне та методичне підґрунтя відкриває можливості для комплексного застосування космічних і наземних інформаційних систем під час геоекологічних досліджень об’єктів літосферного, гідросферного та атмосферного середовищ. Розглянуто низку актуальних практичних впроваджень цих розробок в екологічній, соціально-економічній та кліматичній сферах застосування.
Актуальні питання функціонування наукової періодики Національної академії наук України
Authors: Радченко Анна Ігорівна , Гавриш Андрій Володимирович
Published: August 2024

У статті обговорено актуальні питання, пов’язані зі змінами у функціонуванні наукової періодики Національної академії наук України, зокрема розглянуто прийняті нещодавно документи «Положення про журнал відкритого доступу Національної академії наук України» та «Порядок функціонування Програми підтримки журналів Національної академії наук України». Проаналізовано відповідність видань, які зараз входять до Програми підтримки журналів НАН України, вимогам зазначеного Положення. Підкреслено необхідність дотримання норм Закону України «Про медіа» та визначено можливі шляхи поліпшення організації процесу рецензування наукових творів.
When Life Is Expected to Be Brief: A Case-Based Guide to Prenatal Collaborative Care
Authors: Wilson Sharen , Mehlhaff Krista
Published: August 2024

Advances in fetal health detection and neonatal care have improved outcome predictions but have outpaced the development of treatments, leaving some families facing the heartbreaking reality of their baby’s short life expectancy. Families with a fetus that has a life-limiting condition must make tough decisions, including the possibility of termination, perinatal palliative care options, and the extent of newborn resuscitation. Access to abortion services is crucial in decision-making, underscoring the significance of palliative care as an option. Perinatal palliative care programs offer vital support, honoring the baby and family throughout pregnancy, birth, and death. They provide compassionate care for pregnant individuals, partners, and newborns, integrating seamlessly into standard pregnancy and birth care. Successful programs prioritize families’ desires, goals, and personal priorities, whether through a dedicated team or an organized system.

“Regardless of the length of a baby’s life or duration of illness, it is their lifetime. The infant and family deserve skilled and compassionate attention to their plight; a safety net throughout the experience; a palliative care approach emphasizing living fully those days, hours, and even moments.” (1)
Infant Hydrocephalus
Authors: Lu Victor M. , Shimony Nir , Jallo George I. , Niazi Toba N.
Published: August 2024

Hydrocephalus is a neurosurgical condition that is highly prevalent in pediatric medicine. In the infant population, there is a distinct set of features that all primary pediatricians would benefit from understanding. Infant hydrocephalus can present prenatally on imaging and postnatally with symptomatic enlargement of the head and associated skull features and raised intracranial pressures. The 2 major pathophysiology models of infant hydrocephalus are the bulk flow and the intracranial pulsatility models. The most common acquired forms of hydrocephalus include posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, postinfectious hydrocephalus, and brain tumor. The most common congenital forms of hydrocephalus include those due to myelomeningocele, aqueductal stenosis, and posterior fossa malformations. There are various evaluation and treatment algorithms for these different types of hydrocephalus, including cerebrospinal fluid shunting and endoscopic third ventriculostomy. The aim of this review was to elaborate on those features of hydrocephalus to best equip primary pediatricians to diagnose and manage hydrocephalus in infants.
„Kreálok valamit, csak így szavakból!” – mesterséges intelligencia és művészet az énképmérésben
Authors: Kellerwessel Klaus , Ujhelyi Adrienn
Published: August 2024

Háttér és célkitűzések: A tetszőleges szövegi bemenet alapján művészi minőségű képeket alkotó mesterséges intelligencia (MI) megjelenése eddig még feltáratlan lehetőségeket tartalmazhat a pszichológia számára. Jelen kutatás során egy kvantitatív és kvalitatív módszereket szintetizáló és a résztvevő számára is élvezetes új énképmérő módszer kidolgozására tettünk kísérletet. A módszer elődjei közé tartoznak a különböző nyitott kérdéses önjellemzések, az önarcképfestés művészetterápiai tradíciója, illetve a számítógép-alapú testképvizsgáló eljárások. Módszer: A kutatás során arra kértünk 11 fiatal felnőtt résztvevőt, hogy a Midjourney nevű szoftver segítségével készítsenek képeket önmagukról. Az egyes képek alapjául szolgáló parancssorokat kategóriaelemzésnek vetettük alá, a résztvevőkkel pedig félig strukturált interjúkat vettünk fel. Eredmények: Az elemzések során szignifikáns egyéni különbségeket találtunk a résztvevők által említett önjellemzési kategóriákban, illetve a kategóriák időbeli változásában. Hogy ezek a különbségek milyen szituációs vagy személyen belüli hatásoknak tulajdoníthatók, eljövendő kutatások tárgyát fogja képezni, például a flow állapotra való egyéni érzékenység és az identitásállapot szerepének vizsgálatán keresztül. Az interjúk tanulsága szerint a résztvevők egy izgalmas önismereti tanulásként, identitásuk különböző aspektusaival való kísérletezésként élték meg a folyamatot. Többen megdöbbentek a gép képességeitől és saját művészi teremtőerejüktől, azonban az ember-gép kommunikáció félresiklásai több esetben megnehezítették az alkotást. Következtetések: Az általunk kidolgozott eljárás magában hordozza a potenciált arra, hogy a későbbiekben egy valid és reliábilis mérőeszközzé válhasson, nemcsak az énkép, hanem bármilyen attitűd mérésére. Az énhatékonyság-érzés megtapasztalása, illetve az önismereti tanulás érzete hosszú távon akár egy művészetterápiás felhasználásnak is az alapját képezheti.
Experiences of psychedelic drug use among people with psychotic symptoms and disorders: Personal growth and mystical experiences
Authors: La Torre Joseph T. , Gallo Jade , Mahammadli Mehdi , Zalewa Daniel , Williams Monnica T.
Published: August 2024

Individuals with a history of psychotic experiences and disorders such as schizophrenia, and mood disorders with psychotic features tend to be excluded from psychedelic-assisted therapy research and treatment programs, despite minimal research demonstrating heightened risk of adverse effects for this group. Participants (n = 100) were asked to complete an online, retrospective survey that asked about psychotic experiences and/or diagnoses and one memorable psychedelic experience, along with mental health histories, dose used, set and setting, and other relevant variables including whether they mixed their psychedelic with other substances. Respondents also completed pertinent psychometric questionnaires and answered questions regarding the impact of their psychedelic experience on their well-being, mental health, relationships, spiritual beliefs, and aspects of their life. Thematic inductive analysis was used to identify recurring themes. Most respondents (n = 88) stated that their psychedelic experience resulted in some degree of personal growth. Many also described mystical-type experiences, increased levels of contemplation and spirituality, improved insight, symptomatic improvements, and feelings of love and appreciation following the experience. Most described overall positive experiences, however, 11% (n = 11) described overall negative experiences, which included symptom exacerbation, dysphoria, and terror, and a slightly larger portion described mixed-type experiences.
Post-Quantum Public-Key Cryptoschemes on Finite Algebras
Authors: Moldovyan Alexandr , Moldovyan Dmitriy , Moldovyan Nikolay
Published: August 2024

One direction in the development of practical post-quantum public-key cryptographic algorithms is the use of finite algebras as their algebraic carrier. Two approaches in this direction are considered: 1) construction of electronic digital signature algorithms with a hidden group on non-commutative associative algebras and 2) construction of multidimensional cryptography algorithms using the exponential operation in a vector finite field (in a commutative algebra, which is a finite field) to specify a nonlinear mapping with a secret trapdoor. The first approach involves the development of two types of cryptoschemes: those based on the computational difficulty of a) the hidden discrete logarithm problem and b) solving a large system of quadratic equations. For the second type, problems arise in ensuring complete randomization of the digital signature and specifying non-commutative associative algebras of large dimension. Ways to solve these problems are discussed. The importance of studying the structure of finite non-commutative algebras from the point of view of decomposition into a set of commutative subalgebras is shown. Another direction is aimed at a significant (10 or more times) reduction in the size of the public key in multivariate-cryptography algorithms and is associated with the problem of developing formalized, parameterizable, unified methods for specifying vector finite fields of large dimensions (from 5 to 130) with a sufficiently large number of potentially implementable types and modifications each type (up to 2500 or more). Variants of such methods and topologies of nonlinear mappings on finite vector fields of various dimensions are proposed. It is shown that the use of mappings that specify the exponential operation in vector finite fields potentially eliminates the main drawback of known multivariate-cryptography algorithms, which is associated with the large size of the public key.
The Issues of Creation of Machine-Understandable Smart Standards Based on Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Shalfeeva Elena , Gribova Valeria
Published: August 2024

The development of digital transformation requires the widespread use of digital technologies in standardization documents. One of the goals is to create standards with machine-understandable content that will allow the use of digital documents at various stages of development and production without the need for a human operator. The purpose of this work is to describe an approach for creating and translating industry normative documents into a machine-understandable representation for their further use in software services and systems. There are three types of SMART standard content: machine-readable, machine-interpretable, and machine-understandable. Knowledge graphs are actively used to formalize data and knowledge when solving various problems. The new two-level approach is proposed for the creation and translation into a machine-understandable representation of regulatory documents as knowledge graphs. The approach defines two types of interpretation of a smart document (human readability and machine understandability) through two related formats: a graph, each semantic node of which represents text in a natural language, and a network of concepts and strict connections. Each node of a human-readable graph corresponds (in general) to a subtree of a machine-readable knowledge graph. As the basis for ensuring the transformation of one form of smart standard representation into another form, LLM models are used, supplemented by a specialized adapter obtained as a result of additional training using the Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning approach. Requirements have been established for a set of problem- and subject-oriented tools for generating knowledge graphs. The conceptual architecture of the system for supporting the solution of a set of problems based on knowledge graphs is shown, and the principles for implementing software components that work with smart knowledge for intelligent software services are established.
A Study of Impact of Cumulative Rules of Origin on Korea Trade Flows
Authors: Lee Keon-Bong , Park Hyeon-Jung ,   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information
Published: August 2024

Research on the cumulative rules of origin(ROO) and trade flows has been conducted to explain impact of ROO on trade in the whole FTA context. This study examines the cumulative ROO and effects on trade in Korea, which has concluded FTAs with various countries 20 years after concluding its first FTA. However, empirical analysis of the relationship between FTAs and trade has been limited due to difficulties in measurement. Most studies use the Gravity Model to explain the relationship between the bilateral trade flows and ROO. In this study, we also used the Gravity Model to conduct fixed effects analysis using PPML, which is known to be more appropriate than random effects analysis in panel data models. As a result of the analysis, unlike the results of anlaysis of FTAs around the world, Korea was found to be unable to explain the direct relationship between cumulative ROO and trade flows. These results could be interpreted as Korea’s unique content in FTA conclusion, and this could provide many implications in the ongoing FTA negotiation process and future FTA negotiations.
Сlassification of technogenic waste in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Iakhiaev Dilmurad , Voronina Ludmila , Dementeva Diana , Malygina Mariia
Published: August 2024

The elimination of accumulated environmental damage, as well as the introduction of innovative environmentally friendly technologies in the implementation of new projects for the extraction and processing of natural resources in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, is a strategic task of the state. The fulfillment of this task depends both on the responsible approach of large enterprises and on the effectiveness of state support measures. The existing support mechanisms are aimed at the innovative development of enterprises and are not universal, not always applicable in the development and implementation of environmental projects. In this regard, there is a need for a comprehensive analysis of federal and regional support measures, depending on the characteristics of industrial activities and the formation of specific types of waste, which determined the relevance and purpose of the study. The geography of the study marked by the boundaries of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. As a result of the study using content analysis and statistical analysis of data, as well as graphical presentation of materials, it was determined that in the Arctic zone of the country, the most waste is generated from the extraction and enrichment of various ores, as well as oil and gas (gas condensate) production. The classification proposed by the authors is necessary for further research, namely, for the analysis of existing measures of state support for enterprises for the processing (or disposal) of technogenic waste, the development of comprehensive recommendations for federal and regional executive authorities. In addition, the formed classification of waste will be important for the heads of industrial enterprises, including for compliance with ESG principles, development of waste management policies and increasing the level of social responsibility of enterprises.
Research on the possibility of recycling soda waste in construction liquid glass compositions
Authors: Kochergina Maria , Strakhov Alexander , Ivashchenko Yuriy , Vedeneeva Natalia , Gornaeva Marina
Published: August 2024

A constant trend in recent decades has been the tightening of environmental requirements for production and finished products. In turn, in the development of the building materials industry, the issues of producing new types of innovative building materials, reducing the negative impact on the environment, and involving waste in their production are relevant. In recent years, many scientific teams have been conducting active research work related to the involvement of soda production waste as a raw material component in construction compositions. This type of waste accumulates in fairly large quantities, and its storage method requires large areas and high costs. Soda production waste is a mineral product consisting mainly of calcium carbonate and sulfate. This predetermines its use as a modifying component that helps increase the water resistance of liquid glass building compositions. The authors of the work experimentally confirmed the effectiveness of modification with a calcium-containing mineral product in the form of soda production waste. It was revealed that the modifier does not have a destructive effect on the liquid glass system. The induction period of hardening of the raw material mixture with a rational content of finely dispersed soda product is 55–80 minutes, defining the liquid-glass composition as very technologically advanced. It has been established that with the introduction of a finely dispersed waste additive in an amount of more than 10 % by weight of the binder, the increase in the water resistance of the samples is about 20–30 %. The authors of the work assessed the environmental and sanitary-hygienic safety of using soda production waste when designing recipes. It was established that the waste sample is slightly toxic and classified as hazard class 4. Based on the specific effective activity indicator, its radiation safety has been established.
A PRODUÇÃO DE JOGOS EDUCACIONAIS NO CONTEXTO DO MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL EM EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA (PROFEPT)
Authors: Bianconi Gledson Viagiano , Amaral Fabiano Francisco
Published: August 2024

Este estudo investigou as dissertações relacionadas a jogos educacionais no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (ProfEPT), motivado pela percepção da escassez de trabalhos que explorem essa integração dentro do programa. Utilizando uma abordagem do estado da arte, foi realizada uma análise descritiva e de conteúdo, explorando registros disponíveis no repositório digital do ProfEPT. O estudo compreendeu três etapas: mineração de dados de 2.142 produtos e dissertações de 2017 (início do programa) a 2023; organização em planilha; e análise de dados, incorporando palavras-chave na pesquisa e revisão de resumos. A pesquisa revelou que apenas 2,52% das dissertações abordam a temática dos jogos na educação. Quanto à natureza dos produtos desenvolvidos, a maioria consistiu em jogos de tabuleiro (54,72%), seguidos por sequências didáticas (18,87%) e manuais (11,32%). As áreas de conhecimento mais prolíficas na criação de jogos educativos foram: Línguas (16,2%), Formação de Professores (13,9%) e campos relacionados à Saúde (13,9%). Conclui-se que há uma notável escassez de pesquisas específicas relacionadas ao ensino por meio de jogos educacionais no ProfEPT, destacando a necessidade de investigações adicionais nesse campo. Esses resultados fornecem informações valiosas sobre a evolução das pesquisas e a presença de jogos educacionais nas diversas áreas do conhecimento, incentivando futuras investigações sobre os  desafios e oportunidades associados à integração de jogos no contexto pedagógico.
Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil
Authors: Boeger Walter , Pinto Ângelo Parise
Published: August 2024

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classification. In this context, the B Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (h[p://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to 6 users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others.
A Hybrid Intelligence Method for Argument Mining
Authors: Van der Meer Michiel , Liscio Enrico , Jonker Catholijn , Plaat Aske , Vossen Piek , Murukannaiah Pradeep
Published: August 2024

Large-scale survey tools enable the collection of citizen feedback in opinion corpora. Extracting the key arguments from a large and noisy set of opinions helps in understanding the opinions quickly and accurately. Fully automated methods can extract arguments but (1) require large labeled datasets that induce large annotation costs and (2) work well for known viewpoints, but not for novel points of view. We propose HyEnA, a hybrid (human + AI) method for extracting arguments from opinionated texts, combining the speed of automated processing with the understanding and reasoning capabilities of humans. We evaluate HyEnA on three citizen feedback corpora. We find that, on the one hand, HyEnA achieves higher coverage and precision than a state-of-the-art automated method when compared to a common set of diverse opinions, justifying the need for human insight. On the other hand, HyEnA requires less human effort and does not compromise quality compared to (fully manual) expert analysis, demonstrating the benefit of combining human and artificial intelligence.
İnsan aktivite tanıması için yeni bir veri kümesi ve derin öğrenme modelleri ile sınıflandırılması
Authors: Vurgun Yasin , Kıran Mustafa Servet
Published: August 2024

Mobil sensörler ile insan aktivite tanıma, giyilebilir ve mobil sensörlerin artması nedeniyle son yıllarda ilgi çekici bir araştırma alanı haline gelmiştir. Müslüman hayatında Namaz, müminlerin günde beş vakit kılmak zorunda oldukları bir aktivitedir. Bu çalışmada insan aktivitesi tanımada kullanılmak üzere namaz kılmayı da içeren yeni bir veri kümesi sunulmaktadır. HAR-P (Human Activity Recognition for Praying) adını verdiğimiz veri setinde yürüme, koşma, yazı yazma, merdiven inme, merdiven çıkma, oturma, ayakta durma ve namaz kılma gibi 8 aktivite için doğrusal hızlanma, ivme, manyetik alan ve jiroskop sensör verileri yer almaktadır. HAR-P veri seti için akıllı saat ile 15-60 yaş arası 50 erkek gönüllüden veri toplanmıştır. HAR-P veri kümesinde LSTM, ConvLSTM ve CNN-LSTM modellerinin sınıflandırma başarısı karşılaştırılmıştır. Ortalama en yüksek başarı oranı olan %91’e doğrusal hızlanma sensörü ile LSTM yöntemi ve ivme sensörü ile ConvLSTM modelinde ulaşılırken, en düşük ortalama başarı oranı olan %83,6’a jiroskop sensörü ve ConvLSTM yöntemi ile ulaşılmıştır.
Sosyal medyada nefret söylemi çerçevesi: Geçmişten günümüze kapsamlı bir derleme
Authors: Büyüktanır Büşra , Yakar Özlem , Altınel Girgin Ayşe Berna
Published: August 2024

Nefret söylemi, bireye veya gruba yönelik nefret ifadelerini içeren ve her türlü olumsuz uygulama ya da uygulamaya teşvik etmek amacıyla kullanılan ifadelerdir. Bu ifadeler, geçmişten günümüze yayılarak süregelmiştir. Nefret söylemleri kapsamında üretilen olumsuz ifadelerin tümü ve bunların kullanıma yayıldığı ortamların sosyal medya araçları olduğu söylenebilir. Bu araçlar, sosyal açıdan iletişim anlamında toplumsal öneme sahiptir. Teknolojinin gelişimiyle, bireyler geleneksel iletişim yerine dijital iletişimi tercih ettiği için, nefret söylemlerinin sosyal medya ortamlarında yer alması kabul edilebilir bir normdur. Türkçe dilinde nefret söylemlerine sosyal medya ortamlarında sıkça rastlanır; fakat bu konuda yapılan çalışma sayısı oldukça azdır. Ayrıca, sosyal medyada nefret söylemleri günümüzdeki çalışmaları kapsamaktadır. Bu iki düşünceyi bir arada tutan çalışma henüz bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışma, bahsedilen boşluğu doldurmak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada, geçmişten günümüze nefret söylemlerinin gelişimi ve Türkçe dilindeki nefret söylemleri detaylı şekilde incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, literatür incelemesi yapılırken 2019-2023 yıllarındaki çalışmalar dikkate alınmıştır. Çalışmada, konu olarak uygulama tabanlı çalışmalar ve sosyal analiz tabanlı çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Uygulama tabanlı çalışmalarda, nefret söylemi tespiti için makine öğrenimi ve derin öğrenme tabanlı uygulamalara yer verilmiştir. Sosyal analiz çalışmalarında ise, nefret söylemi tespitinde konu temelli dikkat uyandıran çalışmalar, betimsel analiz yapan çalışmalar, söylem analizi yapan çalışmalar ve içerik analizi yapan çalışmalar olarak alt başlıklar halinde incelenmiştir.
Intención emprendedora social: Un análisis bibliométrico
Authors: Zubiria-Ferriols Edurne , Martínez Fernández Maria  Teresa , Segarra Ciprés Mercedes
Published: August 2024

Recently, there has been an increase in interest in social entrepreneurship as a phenomenon that addresses the resolution of social problems as a central aspect of business. This interest is also reflected in academia, through the significant increase in research on Social Entrepreneurship Intentions (SEI).
With the purpose of contributing to the review of scientific production on SEI, the objective of this work is to carry out a systematic review of the literature on this topic, covering publications to 2023 and carry out an analysis of performance and scientific maps using the VOSviewer software.
The review carried out is based on 377 articles published in journals indexed in Web of Science and Scopus. The results confirm both a growing interest in the topic in question, mainly in Social Science journals, and that the interest is shown in a multitude of countries, with China, followed by the United States as the main countries in the ranking of contributions. From the relational analysis, the existence of a dispersed authorship network emerges, except for those ones led by the most prolific authors. Finally, the keyword concurrency analysis obtains a nodal network with 6 clusters, highlighting the educational context as recurrent, with the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Mair and Noboa Model as prevalent approaches. In addition, they highlight the importance of personal variables in entrepreneurs and the relevance of addressing social concerns such as Covid-19 and sustainability.
The providers’ perspective on memorable tourism experiences and sustainable rural destinations. An exploratory research
Authors: Marzo-Navarro Mercedes , Berné-Manero Carmen , Pedraja-Iglesias Marta
Published: August 2024

From an expansive and managerial perspective, this paper fills a significant and timely knowledge gap by analyzing service providers’ perspectives on forming memorable tourism experiences (MTEs) in rural settings and preserving the sustainable development of destinations. It focuses on tourism destinations’ sustainable development while stimulating further research as rural tourism expands in the Aragonese Pyrenees (Huesca, Spain). The opinions of the tourism providers about the role of MTE as the final output of their activities and the importance of sustainability development are essential to facing new challenges in an industry characterized by expert and exigent tourists. A structured description of the current research situation from the literature reviewed identifies the questions to include in an interview addressed to service providers selected among the Aragon Valley rural tourism context, public institutions, and tourist associations. The analysis of the qualitative data provides strengths and weaknesses of the rural tourism setting. The rural tourism providers interviewed show sensitivity towards sustainability issues. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the implementation of institutional, individual, and joint actions, on socio-cultural sustainability, and on how to take advantage of technologies. Tourism planning and implementing responsible and economically profitable practices arise as essential. Public bodies and private initiatives must allocate more resources to effective training, information, and awareness-raising. It is necessary to face the development of sustainable rural tourism through cooperation between all those involved in the value chain.