bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Big Data Analysis of K-POP on Social Media: focused on Images, Figures, and Public Attitude
Authors: Lee Johee , Lee Inho
Published: June 2022

This study aims to present the image and thoughts about K-POP among the public through objective data as we realized that it is necessary to conduct a systematic analysis of the public mentality and attitude toward K-POP to sustain the movement of Hallyu or Korean Wave. To this end, we used the big data in 2014 and 2021 to compare and analyze the K-POP-related images, figures, and public attitude between the two time points. The result can be summarized as follows: First, between 2014 and 2021, the changes over time in the media, where K-POP can be accessed by the audience, are more pronounced than common images about K-POP; Second, the figures that appeared consistently and commonly in 2014 and 2021 were found to be EXO and BTS, popular South Korean boy-bands. In the case of EXO, there was no commonly related figure at both points of time, but as for BTS, it was found that their fan club, A.R.M.Y, appeared as a common related figure; Third, compared to 2014, the rate of positive response toward K-POP decreased while negative response increased in 2021; in other words, the attitude toward K-POP turned negative. Unlike the previous studies that collect data with questionnaires or materials and analyze them, we used the already stored data and Sometrend, Korea’s big data analysis software, provided by VAIV Company, to find out what people think about K-POP. This study is significant as it extracts information from the existing data, analyzes the contents, and reinterprets the results from various angles to derive meaningful results. It is expected that the findings of this study, presented through precise data—the K-POP-related images, figures, and public attitude—will be used as basic material to contribute to the sustaining of the K-POP wave.
Electoral politics after the crisis: Change, fluctuations and stability in the 2021 Althingi Election
Authors: Helgason Agnar Freyr , Harðarson Ólafur Þ. , Ólafsson Jón Gunnar , Önnudóttir Eva H. , Þórisdóttir Hulda
Published: June 2022

We present an analysis of the 2021 Althingi election in Iceland based on several key indicators obtained from the post-election voter survey of the Icelandic National Election Study (ICENES). The overall question we seek to address concerns the degree to which Icelandic politics have continued to move towards either recovery or transformation after the political and economic upheavals of 2008. The 2021 campaign and election were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the government enjoyed high support across the political spectrum for its handling of the outbreak and its economic consequences. The election resulted in the coalition parties increasing their vote share by 1.5 percentage points. Based on the ICENES data, we find that 45% of voters switched parties in 2021, compared with 2017, which is slightly lower than in previous elections. On the issue dimensions of state–market and integration–isolation, we observe a sharp return towards more pro-market and pro-integration attitudes, respectively. Trust in politicians and satisfaction with how democracy works continued to increase from an all-time low in 2009. We also observe that the youngest age groups continued to be least likely to vote, spent less time following the campaign and were more inclined to follow news on social media. We conclude that Icelandic politics seem to have reached a balance after the crisis, albeit a new balance that is characterised by a more fragmented party system than before.
Rannsókn á tengslum kynferðis og aldurs dómara og lögmanna við úrslit dómsmála í héraði
Authors: Sólnes Valgerður , Rafnsdóttir Guðbjörg Linda , Bogason Benedikt , Iversen Kjartan Vífill
Published: June 2022

Hér á landi hefur ekki verið rannsakað hvort og þá hvaða tengsl séu á milli kynferðis og aldurs dómara og málflytjenda annars vegar og niðurstaðna dómsúrlausna hins vegar. Rannsóknin, sem er þverfræðileg á sviði félagsfræði og lögfræði, laut að því að greina upplýsingar um kynferði og aldur dómara og málflytjenda í þeim dómsúrlausnum í einkamálum, sem kærðar hafa verið eða áfrýjað til Hæstaréttar og Landsréttar, á tíu ára tímabili. Rannsakað var hvort tengsl væru á milli þessara þátta og úrslita dómsmálanna. Rannsóknin gefur til kynna að kyn lögmanna hafi þýðingu, óháð kyni dómara, og að kvenkyns málflytjendur til sóknar og varnar auki líkur á að mál falli umbjóðendum þeirra í vil. Aldur dómara virðist jafnframt hafa þýðingu fyrir úrslit mála þannig að eldri dómarar (50 ára og eldri) séu líklegri til að dæma varnaraðila í vil, óháð öðrum þáttum. Enga samvirkni á milli kyns dómara og lögmanna má á hinn bóginn finna í gögnunum sem rannsökuð voru. Það er von okkar að rannsóknarniðurstöðurnar gagnist umræðunni um starfsemi dómstóla og jafnrétti og hvetji til frekari rannsókna á því sviði.
Effective all-fiber pump recycler for kilowatt fiber lasers
Authors: Lin Weixuan , Desjardins-Carrière Maxime , Iezzi Victor Lambin , Vincelette André , Bussières-Hersir Marie-Hélène , Rochette Martin
Published: June 2022

We report an effective pump recycler for industrial kilowatt fiber lasers. The pump recycler is a

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tapered fiber bundle, with signal ports of Ge-doped fiber (GDF) with core/cladding diameters of 20/400 µm and pump fiber ports (PFPs) with core/cladding diameters of 135/155 µm. By splicing PFPs in pairs, 77.9% of the residual pump light reaching the pump recycler is sent back to the cladding of the GDF. The insertion of a pump recycler increases the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a fiber laser using an Yb-doped fiber (YDF) from 61.0% to 70.5%, with a maximum output power of 2.78 kW. The laser with a 20 m long YDF and pump recycler compares well to another laser using a 40 m long YDF without pump recycler. In both cases, the PCE is comparable but the laser with a 20 m long YDF and pump recycler benefits from reduced stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), thus enabling an 80% increase in Raman threshold. By giving access to short YDF length, the tapered fiber bundle represents an effective pump recycler since it enables reducing SRS while keeping a large PCE.
Optical trapping of Rayleigh particles based on four-petal Gaussian vortex beams
Authors: Liang Yuge , Su Yu , Li Jinhong , Yang Chen
Published: June 2022

The intensity distribution of four-petal Gaussian vortex (FPGV) beams through a focused optical system and the radiation force acting on a Rayleigh dielectric sphere is obtained based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle and the Rayleigh scattering theory. We mainly study the trapping of high and low refractive index Rayleigh particles by FPGV beams and the effect of the topological charge

m

on the radiation force. The results show that the specific distribution of the incident beam can be controlled by a reasonable choice of topological charge

m

. The multiple locations in a beam of light where particles of different refractive indices can be captured will be found. On the other hand, when

m

changes, the number of particles captured and the locations where they can be captured change accordingly. Therefore, the flexibility to simultaneously capture multiple Rayleigh particles with different refractive indices with a single beam at different locations in the focal plane can be achieved using the FPGV beam.
Optical computing of quantum revivals
Authors: Maia M. R. , Jonathan D. , de Oliveira T. R. , Khoury A. Z. , Tasca D. S.
Published: June 2022

Interference is the mechanism through which waves can be structured into the most fascinating patterns. While for sensing, imaging, trapping, or in fundamental investigations, structured waves play nowadays an important role and are becoming the subject of many interesting studies. Using a coherent optical field as a probe, we show how to structure light into distributions presenting collapse and revival structures in its wavefront. These distributions are obtained from the Fourier spectrum of an arrangement of aperiodic diffracting structures. Interestingly, the resulting interference may present quasiperiodic structures of diffraction peaks on a number of distance scales, even though the diffracting structure is not periodic. We establish an analogy with revival phenomena in the evolution of quantum mechanical systems and illustrate this computation numerically and experimentally, obtaining excellent agreement with the proposed theory.
Wavefront-corrected post-compression of a 100-TW Ti:sapphire laser
Authors: Kim Ji In , Yoon Jin Woo , Yang Jeong Moon , Kim Yeong Gyu , Sung Jae Hee , Lee Seong Ku , Nam Chang Hee
Published: June 2022

We analyzed and corrected the wavefront distortion induced during the post-compression of a 100-TW Ti:Sapphire laser and achieved the intensity enhancement. In the post-compression, the spectral broadening of the laser was obtained by propagating through three 0.5 mm-thick fused silica plates and the laser pulse duration was post-compressed from 24 fs to 11 fs using a set of chirped mirrors. We measured the wavefront aberrations due to the intensity-dependent nonlinear process during the post-compression of femtosecond high-power laser pulses. By compensating for the wavefront aberrations with an adaptive optics system, the Strehl ratio of the post-compressed beam was improved from 0.37 to 0.52 and the focused intensity of the post-compressed beam could be enhanced by a factor of 1.5, while the enhancement without the wavefront correction was only a factor of 1.1 in spite of the peak-power enhancement by a factor of 1.8.
Separated electrodes for the enhancement of high-speed data transmission in vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser arrays
Authors: Zhao Yaung-Cheng , Ahmad Zohauddin , Long Wu-Min , Khan Zuhaib , Ledentsov N. , Sanayeh Marwan Bou , Pan Te-Lieh , Chen Cheng-Chun , Chang Chia-Jui , Lu Tien-Chang , Ledentsov N. N. , Shi Jin-Wei
Published: June 2022

In this work, a novel design for the electrodes in a near quasi-single-mode (QSM) vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) array with Zn-diffusion apertures inside is demonstrated to produce an effective improvement in the high-speed data transmission performance. By separating the electrodes in a compact 2×2 coupled VCSEL array into two parts, one for pure dc current injection and the other for large ac signal modulation, a significant enhancement in the high-speed data transmission performance can be observed. Compared with the single electrode reference, which parallels 4 VCSEL units in the array, the demonstrated array with its separated electrode design exhibits greater dampening of electrical-optical (E-O) frequency response and a larger 3-dB E-O bandwidth (19 vs. 15 GHz) under the same amount of total bias current (20 mA). Moreover, this significant improvement in dynamic performance does not come at the cost of any degradation in the static performance in terms of the maximum near QSM optical output power (17 mW @ 20 mA) and the Gaussian-like optical far-field pattern which has a narrow divergence angle (full-width half maximum (FWHM): 10° at 20 mA). The advantages of the separated electrode design lead to a much better quality of 32 Gbit/sec eye-opening as compared to that of the reference device (jitter: 1.5 vs. 2.8 ps) and error-free 32 Gbit/sec transmissions over a 500 m multi-mode fiber has been achieved under a moderate total bias current of 20 mA.
High-speed two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy with echelon-based shot-to-shot balanced detection
Authors: Gao Frank Y. , Zhang Zhuquan , Liu Zi-Jie , Nelson Keith A.
Published: June 2022

By using a reflective-echelon-based electro-optic sampling technique and a fast detector, we develop a two-dimensional terahertz (THz) spectrometer capable of shot-to-shot balanced readout of THz waveforms at a full 1-kHz repetition rate. To demonstrate the capabilities of this new detection scheme for high-throughput applications, we use gas-phase acetonitrile as a model system to acquire two-dimensional THz rotational spectra. The results show a two-order-of-magnitude speedup in the acquisition of multidimensional THz spectra when compared to conventional delay-scan methods while maintaining accurate retrieval of the nonlinear THz signal. Our report presents a feasible solution for bringing the technique of multidimensional THz spectroscopy into widespread practice.
Arbitrary access to optical carriers in silicon photonic mode/wavelength hybrid division multiplexing circuits
Authors: Tan Jianzong , Xiao Huifu , Ma Mingyang , Zhou Xudong , Yuan Mingrui , Dubey Aditya , Boes Andreas , Nguyen Thach G. , Ren Guanghui , Su Yikai , Mitchell Arnan , Tian Yonghui
Published: June 2022

The manipulation of optical modes directly in a multimode waveguide without affecting the transmission of undesired signal carriers is of significance to realize a flexible and simple structured optical network-on-chip. In this Letter, an arbitrary optical mode and wavelength carrier access scheme is proposed based on a series of multimode microring resonators and one multimode bus waveguide with constant width. As a proof-of-concept, a three-mode (de)multiplexing device is designed, fabricated, and experimentally demonstrated. A new, to the best of our knowledge, phase-matching idea is employed to keep the bus waveguide width constant. The mode coupling regions and transmission regions of the microring resonators are designed carefully to selectively couple and transmit different optical modes. The extinction ratio of the microring resonators is larger than 21.0 dB. The mode and wavelength cross-talk for directly (de)multiplexing are less than −12.8 dB and −19.0 dB, respectively. It would be a good candidate for future large-scale multidimensional optical networks.
Epidemic management and control through risk-dependent individual contact interventions
Authors: Schneider Tapio , Dunbar Oliver R. A. , Wu Jinlong , Böttcher Lucas , Burov Dmitry , Garbuno-Inigo Alfredo , Wagner Gregory L. , Pei Sen , Daraio Chiara , Ferrari Raffaele , Shaman Jeffrey
Published: June 2022

Testing, contact tracing, and isolation (TTI) is an epidemic management and control approach that is difficult to implement at scale because it relies on manual tracing of contacts. Exposure notification apps have been developed to digitally scale up TTI by harnessing contact data obtained from mobile devices; however, exposure notification apps provide users only with limited binary information when they have been directly exposed to a known infection source. Here we demonstrate a scalable improvement to TTI and exposure notification apps that uses data assimilation (DA) on a contact network. Network DA exploits diverse sources of health data together with the proximity data from mobile devices that exposure notification apps rely upon. It provides users with continuously assessed individual risks of exposure and infection, which can form the basis for targeting individual contact interventions. Simulations of the early COVID-19 epidemic in New York City are used to establish proof-of-concept. In the simulations, network DA identifies up to a factor 2 more infections than contact tracing when both harness the same contact data and diagnostic test data. This remains true even when only a relatively small fraction of the population uses network DA. When a sufficiently large fraction of the population (≳ 75%) uses network DA and complies with individual contact interventions, targeting contact interventions with network DA reduces deaths by up to a factor 4 relative to TTI. Network DA can be implemented by expanding the computational backend of existing exposure notification apps, thus greatly enhancing their capabilities. Implemented at scale, it has the potential to precisely and effectively control future epidemics while minimizing economic disruption.
Mob4-dependent STRIPAK involves the chaperonin TRiC to coordinate myofibril and microtubule network growth
Authors: Berger Joachim , Berger Silke , Currie Peter D.
Published: June 2022

Myofibrils of the skeletal muscle are comprised of sarcomeres that generate force by contraction when myosin-rich thick filaments slide past actin-based thin filaments. Surprisingly little is known about the molecular processes that guide sarcomere assembly in vivo, despite deficits within this process being a major cause of human disease. To overcome this knowledge gap, we undertook a forward genetic screen coupled with reverse genetics to identify genes required for vertebrate sarcomere assembly. In this screen, we identified a zebrafish mutant with a nonsense mutation in mob4. In Drosophila, mob4 has been reported to play a role in spindle focusing as well as neurite branching and in planarians mob4 was implemented in body size regulation. In contrast, zebrafish mob4geh mutants are characterised by an impaired actin biogenesis resulting in sarcomere defects. Whereas loss of mob4 leads to a reduction in the amount of myofibril, transgenic expression of mob4 triggers an increase. Further genetic analysis revealed the interaction of Mob4 with the actin-folding chaperonin TRiC, suggesting that Mob4 impacts on TRiC to control actin biogenesis and thus myofibril growth. Additionally, mob4geh features a defective microtubule network, which is in-line with tubulin being the second main folding substrate of TRiC. We also detected similar characteristics for strn3-deficient mutants, which confirmed Mob4 as a core component of STRIPAK and surprisingly implicates a role of the STRIPAK complex in sarcomerogenesis.
The two extremes of Hansen’s disease—Different manifestations of leprosy and their biological consequences in an Avar Age (late 7th century CE) osteoarchaeological series of the Duna-Tisza Interfluve (Kiskundorozsma–Daruhalom-dűlő II, Hungary)
Authors: Spekker Olga , Tihanyi Balázs , Kis Luca , Váradi Orsolya Anna , Donoghue Helen D. , Minnikin David E. , Szalontai Csaba , Vida Tivadar , Pálfi György , Marcsik Antónia , Molnár Erika
Published: June 2022

To give an insight into the different manifestations of leprosy and their biological consequences in the Avar Age of the Hungarian Duna-Tisza Interfluve, two cases from the 7th-century-CE osteoarchaeological series of Kiskundorozsma–Daruhalom-dűlő II (Hungary; n = 94) were investigated. Based on the macromorphology of the bony changes indicative of Hansen’s disease,KD271(a middle-aged male) andKD520(a middle-aged female) represent the two extremes of leprosy.KD271appears to have an advanced-stage, long-standing near-lepromatous or lepromatous form of the disease, affecting not only the rhinomaxillary region but also both upper and lower limbs. This has led to severe deformation and disfigurement of the involved anatomical areas of the skeleton, resulting in his inability to perform the basic activities of daily living, such as eating, drinking, grasping, standing or walking. The skeleton ofKD520shows no rhinomaxillary lesions and indicates the other extreme of leprosy, a near-tuberculoid or tuberculoid form of the disease. As inKD271, Hansen’s disease has resulted in disfigurement and disability of both of the lower limbs ofKD520; and thus, the middle-aged female would have experienced difficulties in standing, walking, and conducting occupational physical activities.KD271andKD520are amongst the very few published cases with leprosy from the Avar Age of the Hungarian Duna-Tisza Interfluve, and the only examples with detailed macromorphological description and differential diagnoses of the observed leprous bony changes. The cases of these two severely disabled individuals, especially ofKD271–who would have required regular and substantial care from others to survive–imply that in the Avar Age community of Kiskundorozsma–Daruhalom-dűlő II there was a willingness to care for people in need.
Factors affecting care of elderly patients among nursing staff at the Ho teaching hospital in Ghana: Implications for geriatric care policy in Ghana
Authors: Salia Solomon Mohammed , Adatara Peter , Afaya Agani , Jawula Waliu Salisu , Japiong Milipaak , Wuni Abubakari , Ayanore Martin Amogre , Bangnidong Jacob Erwontaa , Hagan Felix , Sam-Mensah Dorcas , Alhassan Robert Kaba
Published: June 2022

Introduction

The population of the aged is increasing globally and in Ghana. In 2020, the population aged over 60 years in Ghana was 2,051,903 and this is expected to reach 2.5 million by 2025 and 6.3 million by 2050. Despite the envisaged increase in the number and life expectancy of the older population in Ghana that will require nursing care, there is a paucity of data on nursing staff knowledge and attitudes toward elderly patients in Ghana.

Objectives

This study, therefore, assessed factors affecting the care of elderly patients among nursing staff in a tertiary referral health facility in the Volta region of Ghana.

Methods

The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design using quantitative data collection approaches. A total of 150 nurses were sampled with a response rate of 95%. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. The analysis included logistic regression to predict factors associated with nurses’ knowledge and attitude in caring for elderly patients, after multicollinearity diagnosis and controlling the effect of confounding variables.

Results

Majority (83.8%) of the nurses demonstrated good knowledge of the aging process, knowledge in the care of the elderly (88.7%), and (84.5%) had a positive caring attitude towards the elderly. Professional education, professional qualification, and knowledge on aged care were significantly associated with nurses’ attitude towards the elderly (p<0.001), (p<0.005), and (p<0.010), respectively. Lack of special wards/facilities emerged as the predominantly perceived barrier to caring for the elderly as per the nurses’ responses.

Conclusion

The majority of nurses demonstrated good knowledge and attitude in the aging process and care of the aged. Lack of special wards/facilities and lack of staff motivation were the leading perceived barriers to rendering care to the elderly. Scaling up gerontological nursing programs and establishing special aged care facilities in Ghana with appropriate policy guidelines and regulations for implementation of care will help improve nurses’ knowledge and caring attitudes toward the care of elderly patients. Likewise, a national geriatric care policy would help consolidate standard geriatric care in Ghana.
Manual wheelchair biomechanics while overcoming various environmental barriers: A systematic review
Authors: Rouvier Théo , Louessard Aude , Simonetti Emeline , Hybois Samuel , Bascou Joseph , Pontonnier Charles , Pillet Hélène , Sauret Christophe
Published: June 2022

During manual wheelchair (MWC) locomotion, the user’s upper limbs are subject to heavy stresses and fatigue because the upper body is permanently engaged to propel the MWC. These stresses and fatigue vary according to the environmental barriers encountered outdoors along a given path. This study aimed at conducting a systematic review of the literature assessing the biomechanics of MWC users crossing various situations, which represent physical environmental barriers. Through a systematic search on PubMed, 34 articles were selected and classified according to the investigated environmental barriers: slope; cross-slope; curb; and ground type. For each barrier, biomechanical parameters were divided into four categories: spatiotemporal parameters; kinematics; kinetics; and muscle activity. All results from the different studies were gathered, including numerical data, and assessed with respect to the methodology used in each study. This review sheds light on the fact that certain situations (cross-slopes and curbs) or parameters (kinematics) have scarcely been studied, and that a wider set of situations should be studied. Five recommendations were made at the end of this review process to standardize the procedure when reporting materials, methods, and results for the study of biomechanics of any environmental barrier encountered in MWC locomotion: (i) effectively reporting barriers’ lengths, grades, or heights; (ii) striving for standardization or a report of the approach conditions of the barrier, such as velocity, especially on curbs; (iii) reporting the configuration of the used MWC, and if it was fitted to the subject’s morphology; (iv) reporting rotation sequences for the expression of moments and kinematics, and when used, the definition of the musculoskeletal model; lastly (v) when possible, reporting measurement uncertainties and model reconstruction errors.
Water carrying in hills of Nepal–associations with women’s musculoskeletal disorders, uterine prolapse, and spontaneous abortions
Authors: Meierhofer Regula , Tomberge Vica Marie Jelena , Inauen Jennifer , Shrestha Akina
Published: June 2022

More than a third of women in Nepal have to carry water from source to home to satisfy their families’ daily needs. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a hilly area in Nepal to assess water-carrying practices and their association with women’s health. Quantitative interviews were conducted with 1001 women of reproductive age and were complemented with health surveys carried out by health professionals and structured observations of water carrying. Multivariate mixed logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between water-carrying-related risk factors and health issues for women. Around 46% of women faced considerably increased to excessive physical stress due to water carrying during the dry season. Women suffered from a disproportionately high prevalence of back pain (61%), with about 18% of this pain being horrible to excruciating; pain in the knees (34%); uterine prolapse (11.3%); and at least one spontaneous abortion (9%). The risk category of water carrying was significantly associated with uterine prolapse (OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.12–1.85, p = 0.031) and pain in the hips (OR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.27–2.26, p<0.001). Receiving help with water carrying during pregnancy and during the first three months after delivery was associated with reduced odds ratios for uterine prolapse (OR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.01–0.87, p = 0.037), and strong back pain (OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.12–0.87, p = 0.026). Improvements to water supply infrastructure and the promotion of social support for carrying water during pregnancy and after delivery are recommended to reduce water-carrying-related health risks.
Evaluation of Melia azedarach extract-loaded poly (vinyl alcohol)/pectin hydrogel for burn wound healing
Authors: Lee Jun Seung , Sun Kyung Hoon , Park Yongjin
Published: June 2022

Background

In this study, a hydrogel comprising poly (vinyl alcohol)/pectin (PVA/PET) was prepared by the addition of Melia azedarach extract for epithelial restoration. M. azedarach extract (MAE) contains volatile organic plant-derived compounds with antimicrobial properties. MAE has a variety of physiological properties, including antimicrobial, insecticidal, and anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to investigate whether MAE-loaded PVA/PET hydrogels have protective effects against burn wound healing.

Methods and findings

To mix M. azedarach with the gel, nanoparticles containing M. azedarach were prepared using chitosan/maltodextrin as the wall material. A PVA/PET hydrogel containing M. azedarach was developed and its applicability as a wound dressing was evaluated. In the in vitro scratch assay, MAE treatment showed a scratch recovery-promoting effect comparable to that of the positive control TGF-β1. The MAE-PVA/PET hydrogel was found to be non-toxic, and the antibacterial activity of the hydrogel was excellent against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, as the formulated hydrogel demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity, its wound-healing efficacy was investigated in vivo using a rat model.

Conclusion

MAE was found to be effective against burn wounds and to have antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo.
The One Health concept for the threat of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 to marine ecosystems
Authors: Bukha Khawla K. , Sharif Ehab A. , Eldaghayes Ibrahim M.
Published: June 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global health threat. This virus is the causative agent for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Pandemic prevention is best addressed through an integrated One Health (OH) approach. Understanding zoonotic pathogen fatality and spillover from wildlife to humans are effective for controlling and preventing zoonotic outbreaks. The OH concept depends on the interface of humans, animals, and their environment. Collaboration among veterinary medicine, public health workers and clinicians, and veterinary public health is necessary for rapid response to emerging zoonotic pathogens. SARS-CoV-2 affects aquatic environments, primarily through untreated sewage. Patients with COVID-19 discharge the virus in urine and feces into residential wastewater. Thus, marine organisms may be infected with SARS-CoV-2 by the subsequent discharge of partially treated or untreated wastewater to marine waters. Viral loads can be monitored in sewage and surface waters. Furthermore, shellfish are vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Filter-feeding organisms might be monitored to protect consumers. Finally, the stability of SARS-CoV-2 to various environmental factors aids in viral studies. This article highlights the presence and survival of SARS-CoV-2 in the marine environment and its potential to enter marine ecosystems through wastewater. Furthermore, the OH approach is discussed for improving readiness for successive outbreaks. This review analyzes information from public health and epidemiological monitoring tools to control COVID-19 transmission.
Exploring the History and Challenge of Government-authorized English Textbooks in Japan and Mainland China
Authors: Wang Linfeng
Published: June 2022

This paper examines the history of English textbooks and the challenges they are facing in the current EFL contexts of Japan and mainland China. In these countries, English textbooks, and textbooks for all other subjects, can only be used in classrooms following governmental evaluation and approval. The main set of criteria for textbook evaluation is provided by the national curriculum, which also serves as a guideline for compiling textbooks; it illustrates the purpose and objectives of each subject, contains descriptions of achievement levels for each grade, as well as suggestions for teaching, assessing and compiling textbooks. In effect, textbooks are the direct materialization of the national curriculum implemented in real classrooms, particularly in textbook dominated English classes. This paper starts by discussing the significance of textbook research before presenting a historical review of English textbooks in Japan and mainland China. The focus of the review is to delineate the current challenge of underestimating the use of the first language in EFL textbooks. The final section draws trajectory maps of the two countries and explores a new approach to overcoming the challenge of creating engaging activities that incorporate both student’s first language and target language in EFL classrooms.
Separated by a Common Heterodoxy. Illich, Freire and the Perilous Spell of Radical Canonicity
Authors: Baldacchino John
Published: June 2022

Many scholars, students and teachers who admire and continue to find inspiration in Paulo Freire’s and Ivan Illich’s work often insist on a shared common ground. This is done for good reason: Illich and Freire sought a sense of hope and liberation beyond the limitations by which large sections of humanity remain oppressed. It is therefore too easy to argue that texts like Pedagogy of the Oppressed and Deschooling Society can be aligned in sustaining a liberating and emancipatory approach, just as Illich’s case for the disestablishment of education would make a lot of sense if it were aligned with Freire’s critical pedagogical narrative. However, as this paper begins to show, though noble, such an approach would be detrimental to the one foundational aspect which both works happen to share: the claim to heterodoxy by which both Freire and Illich have endeared to make their case. More than a standard academic paper, this is a reflection on decades of being engaged with these two books. In a mix of personal and academic thoughts, and mostly taken from an Illichian perspective, the author argues that one must clearly separate these books by further submitting them to a reading that would immediately dispense with the gloss by which they remain canonized though often confused. While not exhaustive, this paper is meant to provoke more questions than give any specific answers.
The Effect of Mat Pilates exercise on Sleep Quality of Obese Young Adults
Authors: Elvariani Maria Devina Putri , Putri Rahmi Isma Asmara , Setiawati Erna , Muhartomo Hexanto
Published: June 2022

Background: Obesity currently becomes one of the world's problems that can decrease a person’s quality of sleep. Pilates exercise was found to improve sleep quality in obese patients. Pilates exercise are safe to do because they don't involve jumping and running so they avoid trauma. Mat Pilates exercise is basic exercises that are done on the floor on a mat with simpler movements.Objective: To analyze sleep quality in obese young adults before doing Mat Pilates exercise and to compare changes in sleep quality for obese young adults before and after doing Mat Pilates exercise.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design applying one group pre-posttest. Samples were taken by purposive sampling with a total of 36 people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The measurement of sleep quality used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Data analysis was tested for normality by using the Shapiro-Wilk test and the effect of Mat Pilates exercise on sleep quality in the treatment group using the Wilcoxon test. The difference is significant if p <0.05.Results: The average sleep quality for young adults before participating in the Mat Pilates exercise was 8.22 ± 1.87, while the average sleep quality for young adults after participating in the Mat Pilates exercise was 4.33 ± 0.77. The statistical test results showed that there was a significant difference (p = <0.001).Conclusion: There is an improvement in the mean value of sleep quality after doing Mat Pilates exercise.
Case Report: A 10-Year-Old Girl with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Lupus Nephritis, Normotension On Control, Underweight, And Short Stature
Authors: Anjarsari Khansa Pinasti , Orviyanti Gerin , Radityo S Adhie Nur
Published: June 2022

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) disease is an evolutionary systemic disease affecting one or several organs of the body, such as the kidneys, skin, blood cells and blood system. In sick children, in addition to maintaining growth and development, fulfilling nutritional needs is very useful for accelerating the healing process, shortening the treatment period, reducing the occurrence of complications, reducing morbidity and mortality and preventing malnutrition due to medication or medical action. The purpose of this case is to report a case in Semarang and conduct a discussion of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus cases and the complication so that proper treatment can immediately start.Case Presentation: a 10-year-old girl came complaining of difficulty walking, patient's face was also swollen. Patients with a history of SLE, lupus nephritis, normotension on control, and had undergone 4 times CPA treatment but stopped since March 2020. The patient will continue the 2nd month of Cyclophosphamide (CPA) treatment, but the laboratory examination results show proteinuria +3, the patient also found good nutrition, short stature, and underweight, patient advised to be hospitalized.Conclusion: The patient was diagnosed with SLE, lupus nephritis, normotension on control, short stature, and underweight. Patients receive therapy in the form of methylprednisolone, CPA, anti-hypertensive supportive therapy and management of underweight and short stature children due the medication.
Selectivity of Ethanol Extract of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) Fruit in HepG2, Widr, 4T1, and Vero cell lines
Authors: Sasikirana Widyandani , Annisaa' Eva , Ekawati Nuraini , Eka Dini Intan Rahmania , Tumbilaka Estevina
Published: June 2022

Background: Parijoto, one of the melastomaceae family, has been known to have cytotoxic activity in some cancer cell lines, such as HeLa, MCF-7, and T47D. Aims: We aim to know about the selectivity of ethanol extract of Parijoto fruit in cell line HepG2, WiDr, 4T1, and Vero. Cytotoxic was determined by MTT assay. Method: Extract was added in three serial concentration three serial concentrations (125 µg/mL–500 µg/mL), while the positive  control doxorubicin gives in 2,5 µg/mL – 20 µg/mL for cancer cell and 40 µg/mL -100 µg/mL for Vero cell.  Results: Results showed that ethanol extract of parijoto fruit gave low activity in HepG2 and Vero cell (IC50: 250 µg/mL) and moderate activity in WiDr and 4T1 (IC50: 81,58 µg/mL and 158,72 µg/mL). Conclusion: The highest selectivity index is given in WiDr cell (SI> 3) means that the ethanol extract of parijoto fruit is a promising cytotoxic agent for colorectal cancer therapy.
IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS IN TUNICATE (Polycarpa aurata) ASSOCIATED BACTERIA
Authors: Raisa Sheila , Utomo Astika Widy , Hapsari Rebriarina , Mahati Endang
Published: June 2022

Background: Marine biodiversity in the last few decades has been explored and utilized as marine natural products. The secondary metabolites produced by marine organisms are utilized by humans in various aspects of life. One of the main source of secondary metabolites is marine invertebrates, such as tunicate. Several previous studies have shown that many metabolites have been identified in the last 40 years.Objective: This study aimed to identify the metabolite compounds produced by tunicate-associated bacteria.Methods: The two isolates of bacteria associated with tunicate Polycarpa aurata, Bacillus wiedmannii and Virgibacillus salarius, obtained from the culture collection of Tropical Marine Biotechnology laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang were used as material in this study. This study was carried out in Integrated Laboratory Diponegoro University from July to September 2020. Laboratory experiment was conducted by culturing these bacteria in Zobell Marine Broth 2216 at room temperature. The incubated culture was then added with ethyl acetate in a ratio of 1: 2 and then the supernatant was separated and evaporated. Analysis of the tunicate-associated bacteria methanol extract was carried out using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS).Results: 3-N-Hexyl-Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol compound (100%) was discovered by GC-MS analysis from the tunicate-associated bacteria B. wiedmannii and V. salarius extract.Conclusion: 3-N-Hexyl-Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol compound is an isomer compound of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) which needs further research on its application in medical and non-medical aspects.
Why Infertility Patients Came Late to Infertility Clinics (Study at Kariadi General Hospital)
Authors: Khotimah Rahma Khusnul , Pramono Besari Adi , Suharto Suharto , Trisetiyono Yuli
Published: June 2022

Background: Infertility is an inability of a spouse to get pregnant within twelve months seeking pregnancy without using any contraception. The duration of infertility affects the chance to get pregnant.Objective: To identify the factors causing infertility patient came late to Polyclinic Merpati RSUP Dr. KariadiMethods: This study was an observational descriptive with a cross-sectional design. The data were obtained from medical records and questionnaires. Twenty-six respondents were infertility patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and came to Polyclinic Merpati RSUP Dr. Kariadi in September 2020.Results: The number of infertility patients in September 2020 was 76 patients, 72,4% of them came to Polyclinic Merpati late. Most people came after being referred from the previous doctors. Three factors causing infertility patients came late were economic factors, a social factor, and another difficulty.Conclusion: Factors causing the late coming of infertility patients were economic factors, a social factor, and another difficulty
Insilico Analysis of Codon 131 Polymorphism in FcγRIIA Gene and it is Association with Clinical Symptoms Persistence of Dengue Patients
Authors: Nugraheni Enny , Ramadhani Dwi , Sariyanti Mardhatillah , Febrianti Ety
Published: June 2022

Background. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is infection caused by Dengue Virus. Failure of vascularization is a main symptom of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever inducing mediator secretion by an immune cell. FcgRIIA  and CCL2 have a significant role in dengue pathogenesis and possibility in having a chance to cause dengue with a worse manifestation. Objective. Analysis of bio-informatic structure, function and expression of FcgRIIA  gene. Methods. Insilico analysis used NCBI database to find position and sequences. Analysis mutant use SNO and OMIM. Protein prediction withUniprot.  Result. FcgRIIA   human with access number of NM_001136219 by a length of 2429 bp has its full name as Fc Fragment of IgG receptor IIa, located in 1q23.3 chromosom. analyzed mutation was rs1801274 with type of missense protein residue function experiencing a change from Histidin (H) turning into Arginin (R) with allele of wild-type A and becoming G amino acid position of 166. there was structural difference of FcgRIIA   gene in wild type and mutant. Conclusion. Gene FcγRIIA  is a play a role of pathogenesis of dengue infection. Mutation in FcγRIIA  have polymorfisme at Dengue Hemorrage Fever
THE EFFECT OF BEETROOT JUICE (Beta vulgaris L.) ON THE CONCENTRATION OF SPERMATOZOA IN WISTAR RATS EXPOSED TO MOSQUITO COIL SMOKE
Authors: Sapto Dean Pandu Eko , Hermawati Donna , Ariani RR. Mahayu Dewi , Putra Farmaditya Eka
Published: June 2022

Background: Mosquito coil smoke contains Allethrin that can increase the free radical effect. This process  may result in the damage of the cell membranes that triggered by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can affect spermatogenesis and decreasing the quality of spermatozoa, including the spermatozoa concentration. Beetroot contain flavonoid as an antioxidant which can counteract the free radicals in the body.Purpose: To identify the effect of beetroot juice in the spermatozoa concentration of Wistar rats that exposed by mosquito coil smoke.Method: This study used Post Test Only control group design. The samples were 28 male Wistar rats that divided into 4 groups. The Control Group(-) was a group without treatment. The Control Group(+) was only exposed by mosquito coil smoke. Group P1 was exposed by mosquito coil smoke and given 8 ml of beetroot juice. P2 group was exposed by mosquito coil smoke and given 16 ml of beetroot juice. For 56 days, on the 57th day all rats were terminated and spermatozoa concentrations were examined.Results: The average concentration of spermatozoa was: Group K(-)=20,00; Group K(+)=8,00; P1 group=12,40; P2 group=17,20. One Way ANOVA test found there were significant differences among the five treatment groups. Post-Hoc test found there were significant differences among K(-) with K(+), K(-) with P1, K(-) with P2, K(+) with P1, K(+) with P2 and P1 with P2.Conclusion: Beetroot juice administration increasing the spermatozoa concentration of male wistar rats that exposed by cigarette smoke.Keywords: Mosquito coil smoke, beetroot juice, spermatozoa concentration
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN HYPERTENSION IN THE NGLUWAR PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER IN MAGELANG REGENCY
Authors: Wicaksono Taufan Agung , Nugraheni Arwinda , Wahyudi Firdaus , Ardhianto Pipin
Published: June 2022

Background: Adherence is an important matter in the succession of hypertension medication. Despite the fact, it was found that many with hypertension had not used antihypertension medications as prescribed.Objective: To acknowledge the factors correlated to antihypertension medication adherence.Method: We used an observational, cross-sectional study model with a quantitative analytical approach. Some 131 qualified hypertensive patients of Ngluwar Public Health Center were recruited in February and March of 2021. A sampling method of purposive sampling was used. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Eighty-two respondents (62.6%) had high medication adherence and 49 respondents (37.4%) were low at medication adherence. The statistical analysis results are as follows. Level of education (p = 0.374, PR = 1.264, CI 95% = 0.765-2.090), job status (p = 0.025, PR = 0.591, CI 95% = 0.367-0.953), comorbidity (p = 0.366, PR = 1.239, CI 95% = 0.772-1.988), duration of hypertension (p = 0.604, PR = 1.124, CI 95% = 0.722-1.751), family support (p = 0.142, PR = 1.396, CI 95% = 0.890-2.190), health worker support (p = 0.002, PR = 1.994, CI 95% = 1.313-3.028), affordability (p = 0.329, PR = 1.246, CI 95% = 0.802-1.937) and accessibility (p = 0.564, PR = 1.240, CI 95% = 0.623-2.468), and polypharmacy (p = 0.573, PR = 0.848, CI 95% = 0.488-1.474).Conclusion: Job status and health worker support were significantly correlated to antihypertensive medication adherence.
POTENTIAL USE OF VIRTUAL REALITY IN OVERCOMING NEEDLE PHOBIA IN COVID-19 VACCINATION
Authors: Herlambang Penggalih Mahardika , Wiyono Nanang , Gunawan Hendry , Budiyanti Rani Tiyas
Published: June 2022

Background: Vaccination is very important because it can help prevent diseases that can be prevented by immunization (PD3I) such as polio, tetanus, diphtheria, measles, mumps, and rubella. During the Coronavirus Disease -19 (COVID-19) pandemic, the role of vaccination is very crucial, especially to reach herd immunity. However, there are many problems related to the implementation of vaccination, including needle phobia, which is a phobia of needles because it is considered painful. Virtual reality is a technology that develops in the form of a virtual image that can be used in vaccination services. This study aims to determine the potency of virtual reality to solve the needle phobia in vaccination services.Methods: The method used in this study is a literature review with sources from journals in the Scopus, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect database that was published in 2000 until 2020, and also books and articles with the keywords "virtual reality" "AND" "immunization," virtual reality " AND " vaccination " , "Needle phobia" "AND" "vaccination". This research was conducted from January to February 2021.Results: Based on the results obtained, virtual reality can be used in vaccination services, especially in the treatment of needle phobia. Virtual reality can become a distraction so that the patient will be distracted from fear and can lower the pain threshold. In addition, virtual reality can also be used as a means of education about immunization.Conclusion: Product development and clinical research need to be developed to assess the use of virtual reality in vaccination services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of virtual reality for other medical procedures that use needles can also be further investigated