bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality assessment of the educational process in the format of culturological expertise
Authors: Kliapysheva Evgeniia Vladimirovna
Published: August 2024

The article presents the developed methodology for carrying out cultural expertise. The purpose of the expertise is defined as the establishment of the quality of the cultural component in the substantive and technological components of the educational process. The culturological approach as a methodological basis for culturological expertise is considered in three aspects.
Motivation of employees of preschool educational organization
Authors: Kuznetsova Nataliia Ivanovna
Published: August 2024

The article reveals effective systems of staff motivation in preschool educational organizations aimed at developing human resource potential, raising work motivation, creating a positive microclimate, developing a corporate culture.
Representation of capillary phenomena from the physical model of unpacking a liquid
Authors: Haydarov Gennadiy Gasimovich , Haydarov Andrey Gennadyevich
Published: August 2024

Based on the physical model of «unpacking» a fluid, published in 1983 to explain the physical nature of surface tension, an explanation of capillary phenomena was proposed. The unified physical nature of the condensation process and the processes in the capillaries expressed in terms of the surface tension of the liquid is proved. To prove the applicability of the «unpacking» model for capillary phenomena, an empirical Borelli-Jurin formula for determining the height of fluid lifting in capillaries was theoretically derived depending on the magnitude of the surface tension. The assumptions under which the formula is obtained are indicated. In addition, the article proposes a new formula for determining the maximum height of liquid lift in the capillaries, depending on the critical temperature of the liquid and the molecular weight of the liquid.
Perspective directions of agricultural production development in the Arctic region
Authors: Maretskaya Anna Yurievna
Published: August 2024

Currently existing macroeconomic and technological risks in agriculture, combined with the complex conditions of production in the Arctic regions, impose special requirements for state regulation of the agricultural sector. The subject of the study is the mechanisms of agricultural policy aimed at the development of agricultural production in the Arctic region. The aim of the work is to identify promising areas of agricultural development in the North, on the example of the Murmansk region. As a result of the study, the author considered the priorities and objectives of agricultural policy in the field of agriculture.
Modelling of permanent wilting point from routine soil properties on a typical alfisol
Authors: Affinnih Kehinde , Olaniyan Hn , Ahamefule Henry , Anwanane Nnenne
Published: August 2024

La capacidad de retención de agua del suelo en el punto de marchitamiento permanente es fundamental para el estrés hídrico de las plantas en un tipo de suelo específico. Este estudio se llevó a cabo para formular un modelo de regresión o ecuación para predecir los puntos de marchitamiento permanente (PWP) de los suelos en un Alfisol típico de origen complejo basal en la Granja de Enseñanza e Investigación de la Universidad de Ilorin. Se recogió un total de cuarenta y cinco (45) muestras de suelos alterados y cuarenta y cinco (45) no alterados a lo largo de una toposequencia (pendiente superior, media e inferior) a 3 profundidades: 0 cm - 30 cm, 30 cm - 60 cm, y 60 cm - 90 cm. Las propiedades del suelo de las muestras perturbadas y no perturbadas se determinaron utilizando métodos experimentales básicos y/o se calcularon utilizando técnicas acreditadas. Las propiedades del suelo medidas incluyen las proporciones de suelo separadas, densidad aparente, porosidad total, PWP y materia orgánica. Se desarrollaron tres modelos diferentes para predecir la PWP del suelo utilizando la técnica del modelo de regresión. No se observó ninguna relación significativa entre la PWP y los separadores del suelo, la densidad aparente y la porosidad total. Sin embargo, solo el contenido de limo se correlacionó positivamente con PWP (r=0.22; p<0.05). Aunque, el modelo tres de PWP con el coeficiente de determinación ajustado más alto (0.2952) emergió como la elección óptima. El modelo aclara el 30 % de parte de la varianza en el error cuadrático medio de PWP con arena, limo y arcilla contribuyendo estadísticamente al modelo. Esto implica que variables y técnicas adicionales, como el aprendizaje espacial y automático, aparte de las utilizadas en el presente estudio, proporcionarían una función de pedotransferencia más fiable para predecir la PWP en el suelo.
Preferencia alimenticia y de oviposición de Gonipterus platensis(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) en tres especies comerciales de Eucalyptus en Colombia
Authors: Gamarra Bustamente Julio , Rin Uribe Mario
Published: August 2024

Gonipterus platensis (Marelli, 1926), is a beetle that belongs to the family Curculionidae, a phytophagous species within the genus Eucalyptus. It is native to Australia, where it is not considered a pest due to the presence of biological controllers. In Colombia, eucalyptus trees are the second exotic species with the largest planted area, and because in 2016 was recorded the presence of G. platensis in the country, efforts have been made to study and determine the potential damage that this species can cause in plantations through studies of its feeding preferences and oviposition, among others. The present study aims to determine the preference of G. platensis for the three most planted commercial eucalyptus species in the country: Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden, E. urophylla
S.T. Blake, and the hybrid E. grandis W.Hill ex Maiden × E. urophylla S.T. Blake (E. urograndis). An experiment was conducted using a multiple-choice design to assess feeding and oviposition preference. Two assays were carried out: one with seedlings and the other with an olfactometer. The present study reveals that G. platensis has a feeding preference for E. grandis, followed by E. urophylla, and to a lesser extent, the hybrid species E. urograndis. Furthermore, G. platensis is capable of ovipositing in all three eucalyptus species studied without making any differentiation.
Pharmacists at the Forefront: Identifying and Addressing Prescription Errors in Outpatient Settings of Tertiary Care Hospitals in Pakistan
Authors: Saleem Raheela , Sial Fahad Jibran , Wei Calvin R. , AbuBakar Maaz , Osama Muhammad , Abdul Qadir Memon Ayesha
Published: August 2024

Objective:

The study sought to quantify the frequency and categorize the types of prescribing errors occurring in outpatient settings while evaluating the
efficacy of pharmacist interventions in mitigating such errors.

Methodology:

This study was a cross-sectional, retrospective interventional study conducted over a one-year period from September 1, 2017, to August 31, 2018,
at the outpatient departments of one government and one private tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad, Pakistan. A total of 2,552 outpatient
prescriptions were randomly collected and evaluated by the researchers to identify prescribing errors, using the British National Formulary (BNF)
as a reference guide. The study rigorously adhered to the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology)
guidelines, ensuring comprehensive reporting, transparency in methodology, analysis, and interpretation of the observational research findings

Results:

The collected data were analyzed using chi-square tests in SPSS version 25 to assess statistical significance. Among the 2,552 outpatient
prescriptions examined, 12,501 (40.4%) prescribing errors were identified. The error rate was higher in the government hospital (6,672; 42.8%)
compared to the private hospital (5,829; 38.0%). The most prevalent errors occurred during the subscription stage (2,302; 45.1%), with 1,245
(48.1%) and 1,057 (42.0%) errors in the government and private hospitals, respectively. This was followed by errors in the inscription (3,447;
45.0%), superscription (5,156; 40.4%), and transcription (1,596; 31.3%) stages. Common interventions during the subscription stage addressed
incomplete patient information (age, weight, etc.), missing consultant signatures, and stamps. For the inscription stage, frequent interventions
involved incorrect drug doses and strengths.Typical interventions for the subscription and inscription stages included adding missing therapy
durations and usage instructions, respectively. Pharmacist interventions were accepted at a higher rate in private hospitals (3,669; 62.9%) compared
to government hospitals (3,675; 55.1%), with a total of 7,344 (58.7%) interventions accepted.

Conclusion:

The study revealed a high prevalence of prescribing errors across all stages of the outpatient prescription process, with the subscription stage being
the most error-prone. The findings highlight the critical role of pharmacist-led prescription interventions in mitigating prescribing errors, thereby
enhancing prescribing practices, optimizing therapeutic outcomes, and safeguarding patient safety.
Sesamol Loaded Silver Nanoparticles Gel Engineered for Wound Healing via Topical Delivery: Optimization In vitro and Ex vivo Evaluation
Authors: Makeen Hafiz A. , Albratty Mohammed
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

The current investigation involved the development and application of a topical treatment
for wound healing for sesamol loaded into the silver nanoparticles (SML-AgNPs).

Methods:

SML-AgNPs were produced through the application of microwave technique. The SML-AgNPs
were further optimized utilizing a Box Behnken Design (BBD).

Results:

The Opt-SML-AgNPs formulation that was optimized demonstrated a particle size of 160.49 ± 1.11
nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.241 ± 0.54, a zeta potential of -21.09 ± 0.88 mV, and an efficiency of
84.19 ± 1.19%. The morphology of the Opt-SML-AgNPs reveals a spherical structure. The Opt-SML-AgNPs
exhibit a higher in vitro drug release rate as compared to the SML suspension. The Opt-SML-AgNPs were incorporated
into the carbopol gel (Opt-SML-AgNPG) and evaluated for various parameters. The skin permeation
investigation revealed a twofold increase for the Opt-SML-AgNPG formulation when compared to the
SML-conventional gel formulation. This finding indicates a prolonged release pattern and an enhanced permeability
profile. The Opt-SML-AgNPs formulation exhibited a higher level of antioxidant activity when compared
to the SML solution which is beneficial for wound healing.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the Opt-SML-AgNPG exhibits considerable potential in effectively penetrating the
deeper dermal layers. Therefore, it may be considered that they possess the potential to serve as a suitable
nanocarrier to administer topical delivery in the context of treating skin-related illnesses.
Magnesium (Mg2+): Essential Mineral for Neuronal Health: From Cellular Biochemistry to Cognitive Health and Behavior Regulation
Authors: Kumar Aakash , Mehan Sidharth , Tiwari Aarti , Khan Zuber , Gupta Ghanshyam Das , Narula Acharan S. , Samant Rajaram
Published: August 2024

:

Magnesium (Mg2+) is a crucial mineral involved in numerous cellular processes critical for neuronal
health and function. This review explores the multifaceted roles of Mg2+, from its biochemical interactions
at the cellular level to its impact on cognitive health and behavioral regulation. Mg2+ acts as a cofactor
for over 300 enzymatic reactions, including those involved in ATP synthesis, nucleic acid stability, and neurotransmitter
release. It regulates ion channels, modulates synaptic plasticity, and maintains the structural integrity
of cell membranes, which are essential for proper neuronal signaling and synaptic transmission. Recent
studies have highlighted the significance of Mg2+ in neuroprotection, showing its ability to attenuate oxidative
stress, reduce inflammation, and mitigate excitotoxicity, thereby safeguarding neuronal health. Furthermore,
Mg2+ deficiency has been linked to a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and
cognitive decline. Supplementation with Mg2+, particularly in the form of bioavailable compounds such as
Magnesium-L-Threonate (MgLT), Magnesium-Acetyl-Taurate (MgAT), and other Magnesium salts, has
shown some promising results in enhancing synaptic density, improving memory function, and alleviating
symptoms of mental health disorders. This review highlights significant current findings on the cellular mechanisms
by which Mg2+ exerts its neuroprotective effects and evaluates clinical and preclinical evidence supporting
its therapeutic potential. By elucidating the comprehensive role of Mg2+ in neuronal health, this review
aims to underscore the importance of maintaining optimal Mg2+ levels for cognitive function and behavioral
regulation, advocating for further research into Mg2+ supplementation as a viable intervention for neuropsychiatric
and neurodegenerative conditions.
From Traditional Use to Modern Evidence: The Medicinal Chemistry of Antimalarials from Genus Artemisia
Authors: Rauf Abdur , Olatunde Ahmed , Hafeez Nabia , Hemeg Hassan A. , Aljohani Abdullah S.M. , Al Abdulmonem Waleed , Ribaudo Giovanni
Published: August 2024

While the use of plants in traditional medicine dates back to 1500 B.C., modern advancements
led to the development of innovative therapeutic techniques. On the other hand, in the
field of anti-infective agents, lack of efficacy and the onset of resistance stimulate the search for
novel agents. Genus Artemisia is one of the most diverse among perennial plants with a variety of
species, properties, and chemical components. The genus is known for its therapeutic values and, in
particular, for its role in the origin of antimalarial agents derived from artemisinin. In this review,
we aim to provide an updated overview of the evolution of natural and nature-inspired compounds
related to the genus Artemisia that have been proven, in vitro and in vivo, to possess antimalarial
properties. An overview of the chemical composition and a description of the ethnopharmacological
aspects will be presented, as well as an updated report on in vitro and in vivo evidence that allowed
the translation of artemisinin and its derivatives from traditional chemistry into modern medicinal
chemistry. The biological and structural properties will be discussed, also dedicating attention to the
challenging tasks that still are open, such as the identification of optimal combination strategies, the
routes of administration, and the full assessment of the mechanism of action.
Synthetic Strategies of Highly Bioactive Scaffold Bis(indolyl)methane Under Greener Condition- A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kundu Arijit , Mukhopadhyay Chhanda
Published: August 2024

Bis(indolyl)Methanes are a major class of heterocycles with considerable promise for
technological and biological applications and being fluorescent active as well. Considering the
extensive quantity of work on various synthetic techniques, the objective of this study is to measure
the previous and current status of research studies related to different types of
Bis(indolyl)methane (BIM) derivatives. Currently, research is focused on developing green synthetic
strategies for dependable, sustainable and environmentally friendly synthetic processes. The
present literature describes the formation of BIM moieties starting from suitable precursors using
conventional reaction procedures, as well as reactions mediated by microwaves, ultrasounds, organocatalysts,
transition metal catalysts, metal-free ionic liquid catalysts, and other environmentally
friendly reaction protocols. The current review discusses the explosive development of different
environmentally friendly synthesis routes for bis(indolyl)methane and its analogues during the past
few decades. Moreover, this study includes the biological activities such as antibacterial, anticancer,
anti-inflammatory, etc., of BIM derivatives, which have been investigated in recent years.
Diabetes and its Silent Partner: A Critical Review of Hyperinsulinemia and its Complications
Authors: Rangraze Imran Rashid , El-Tanani Mohamed , Arman Rabbani Syed , Babiker Rasha , I. Matalka Ismail , Rizzo Manfredi
Published: August 2024

In this complex realm of diabetes, hyperinsulinemia is no longer regarded as just a
compensatory response to insulin resistance but rather has evolved into an integral feature. This
comprehensive review provides a synthesis of the current literature, including various aspects
associated with hyperinsulinemia in diabetic complications. Hyperinsulinemia has been shown
to be more than just a compensatory mechanism, and the key findings demonstrate how hyperinsulinism
affects the development of cardiovascular events as well as microvascular complications.
Additionally, recognizing hyperinsulinemia as a modifiable factor, the diabetes management
paradigm shifts towards cognitive ones that consider the use of lifestyle modifications in
combination with newer pharmacotherapies and precision medicine approaches. These findings
have crucial implications for the clinical work, requiring a careful appreciation of hyperinsulinemia's
changing aspects as well as incorporation in personalized treatment protocol. In addition,
the review focuses on bigger issues related to public health, showing that prevention and
early diagnosis will help reduce the burden of complications. Research implications favor longitudinal
studies, biomarker discovery, and the study of emerging treatment modalities; clinical
practice should adopt global evaluations, patient education, and precision medicine adaptation.
Finally, this critical review provides an overview of the underlying processes of hyperinsulinemia
in diabetes and its overall health effects.
Comparative Evaluation of the Essential Oil Content of Asteraceae Family Medicinal Plants
Authors: Gobinath Arun , Yadav Sangilimuthu Alagar
Published: August 2024

Background:

The Asteraceae family comprises the largest flowering plant species,
which have also been proven to have medicinal value for various illnesses due to the presence of
numerous volatile and non-volatile constituents.

Objective:

The study aims to compare the volatile phytoconstiteunts presence in the essential oils of
Asteraceae family plants including Roman Chamomile Oil (Chamaemelum nobile), German
Chamomile Oil (Matricaria chamomilla), Davana Oil (Artemisia pallens), Wormwood Oil (Artemisia
absinthium), Armoise Oil (Artemisia vulgaris), Tansy Oil (Tanacetum vulgare), Yarrow Oil
(Achillea millefolium), Tarragon Oil (Artemisia dracunculus), Tagetes Oil (Tagetes erecta) and
Immortelle Absolute Oil (Helichrysum italicum) as simultaneous estimation using the novel methods.

Methods:

Roman chamomile, German chamomile, davana, wormwood, armoire, tansy, yarrow, tarragon,
tagetes, and immortelle absolute oils were extracted by steam distillation from their respective
Asteraceae species and carried out the gas chromatography analysis.

Results:

The result was that GC-MS analysis of selected essential oils contains terpenes and terpenoids
in major amounts. Among the detected volatile constituents in crucial oils Methyl Chavicol
was found higher 75.63% in Tarragon Oil compared to other constituents followed Neryl acetate
(60.25%) found in the immortelle absolute oil, Cis davanone (55.36%) was found in the davana oil,
Ocimene (45.58%) in the tagetes oil, α-bisabololoxide B (45.26%) in the German chamomile oil,
Beta thujone (50.65%) in the tansy oil, Alpha thujone (40.21%) in the wormwood oil and Camphor
(38.65%) in the armoise oil. 1,8-Cineole, Alpha pinene, and Camphene were found in three oils
(Wormwood oil, Armoise oil and Yarrow oil) among the selected oils.

result:

The results revealed the majority of terpenes and terpenoid-natured compounds. Methyl Chavicol (75.634%) was the highest content found in the tarragon oil when compared to the compounds found in the ten Asteraceae essential oils. The compounds such as Neryl acetate (60.251%) werefound in the immortelle absolute oil, Cis davanone (55.3640%) was found in the davana oil, Ocimene (45.5856%) in the tagetes oil, α-bisabololoxide B (45.2655%) in the German chamomile oil, Beta thujone (50.6520%) in the tansy oil, Alpha thujone (40.2150%) in the wormwood oil and Camphor (38.654%) in the armoise oil. 1,8-Cineole, Alpha pinene and Camphene were the compounds found in three of the ten Asteraceae essential oils

Conclusion:

Finally, we concluded that species from the same family (Asteraceae) were biologically
synthesized with different volatile constituents. Hence, each essential oil has a unique biochemical
fingerprint. These findings will help the food industry in relation to natural flavoring.
Pseudolaric Acid B Inhibits FLT4-induced Proliferation and Migration in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Lei Panpan , Liang Jinna , Su Xinyue , Gao Jiapan , Ren Bingxi , Ma Xiaoyu , Zhang Yuxiu , Ma Weina
Published: August 2024

Objectives:

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) has attracted much attention on account of the high
incidence and mortality of cancers. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3 (VEGFR3/FLT4), which is a
highly expressed receptor in NSCLC, greatly regulates cancer proliferation and migration. Pseudolaric Acid B
(PAB) is a diterpenoid acid with antitumor activity isolated from Pseudolarix kaempferi. This study aimed to
explore the inhibitory effect of PAB targeting FLT4 in NSCLC.

Methods:

Cell membrane chromatography was used to evaluate the affinity of PAB binding on FLT4. NCIH1299
cells were used in this study, and an MTT assay was performed to determine the anti-proliferation effect
of PAB. Cell cycle analysis was conducted to study the cycle arrest of PAB. Wound healing and Transwell assays
assessed the rate of cell migration. Western blot analysis evaluated the expression of related proteins.

Results:

PAB showed strong affinity to FLT4 with a KD value of 3.01 × 10- 6 M. Targeting FLT4 by PAB inactivated
downstream P38MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways, which inhibited the proliferation of NCI-H1299 cells.
Meanwhile, PAB promoted G2/M phase arrest by influencing CyclinB1 and CDK1 complex formation to inhibit
NCI-H1299 cell growth, but the effect was attenuated by knocking down the FLT4. Besides, PAB regulated
MMP9 secretion through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to inhibit NCI-H1299 cell migration. However, the
ability of PAB to inhibit migration was significantly weakened by FLT4 knockdown in NCI-H1299 cells.

Conclusion:

PAB can inhibit the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells through targeting FLT4 and is
expected to be a promising FLT4 inhibitor for NSCLC treatment.
Investigating the Therapeutic Property of Galium verum L. (GV) for MSG induced Audiogenic Epilepsy (AEs) and Neuroprotection through In-Silico and In-Vitro Analysis
Authors: Singh Mansi , Panda Siva Prasad
Published: August 2024

Background:

Audiogenic Epilepsy (AEs) is a subtype of epileptic seizure that is
generally caused by high-intensity sounds. A large number of traditional medicines has been
explored in this lieu where our study chased Galium verum L. (Rubiaceae), an herbal plant
which is commonly known as Lady's Bedstraw, that contains a highly rich chemical composition
including flavonoids (Hispidulin, Quercetin, and Kaempferol), and phenolic acids (chlorogenic
acid, caftaric acid, and gallic acid). G verum is well known for its antioxidant, neuroprotective,
and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, the unique role of Adhesion G Protein-
Coupled Receptor V1 (ADGRV1) protein in the progression of audiogenic epilepsy has been
explored.

Aim and Objectives:

This study aimed to examine the potent phytoconstituents of the hydroalcoholic
extract of G. verum L. (HEGV) using analytical techniques. Additionally, our study
sought to evaluate the antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory properties, and antiepileptic
potency of HEGV by targeting ADGRV1 via in silico and in vitro analyses using SHSY5Y
cells.

Methods:

HPLC and LC-MS techniques were employed to identify the flavonoids, iridoids,
and phenolic acid derivatives present in HEGV. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), nitric
oxide (NO), and hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging assays were performed to confirm the antioxidant
potential of the extract. Additionally, in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamic
studies were performed using AutoDock Vina software to analyze the possible interactions
between crucial phytoconstituents of HEGV and ADGRV1, followed by cell line analysis.
In the in vitro analysis, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties were assessed
via cell viability assay, IL, GABA, and glutamate estimation.

Results:

LC-MS and HPLC analyses revealed high concentrations of hispidulin, a major flavonoid
found in HEGV. HEGV exhibited moderate-to-high free radical-scavenging activities
comparable to those of ascorbic acid. Docking analysis demonstrated that hispidulin has a
stronger binding affinity with ADGRV1 (Vina score = -8.6 kcal/mol) than other compounds.
Furthermore, cell line analysis revealed that the MSG exacerbates the neurodegeneration and
neuroinflammation, whereas, HEGV and Hispidulin both possess neuroprotective, antioxidant,
and antiepileptic activities.

Conclusion:

HEGV and Hispidulin proved to be promising candidates for treating audiogenic
epilepsy by modulating ADGRV1.
Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway by “Tianyu” Pairing: Implications for Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Tang Lu , Li Mingquan , Piao Songlan , Du Lianyun , Qiu Saiyue , Jiang Xin , Luo Meixiu , Wang Yinghang , Pan Zhi
Published: August 2024

Objective:

The objective of this study was to examine the impact of “Tianyu” Pairing
on oxidative stress in the development of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and approach its potential
mechanism using cell experiments.

Methods:

A cell model of RA was developed by stimulating rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like
synoviocytes (RA-FLS) with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). This model aimed to assess the impact
of serum containing Rhodiola rosea-Euonymus alatus drug pair (TYP) on inflammation and
oxidative stress in the development of RA, specifically through the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Results:

The findings from the in vitro experiment demonstrated that the presence of TYP in the
serum effectively suppressed the proliferation of RA-FLS induced by TNF-α. Additionally, TYP
facilitated the apoptosis of afflicted cells, attenuated the migratory and invasive capabilities of diseased
cells, and decreased the levels of Kelch ECH associating protein 1 (Keap1), reactive oxygen
species (ROS), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA)
(p < 0.01). The influence of inflammation and oxidative stress in RA-FLS cells was reduced by increasing
the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) and
levels of phosphorylated Nrf2, Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
(p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

TYP can regulate inflammation and oxidative stress in RA-FLS cells by activating
the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Potential of Parthenium hysterophorous and Lantana camara
Authors: Firdaus Aliya , Izhar Syed Khalida , Qamar Shazia , Siddiqui Arshi , Afaq Uzma
Published: August 2024

Background:

Parthenium hysterophorous and Lantana camara are notable for
their significant phytochemical and antimicrobial properties. Advancements in phytochemical
research have led to the development of novel formulations and products derived
from P. hysterophorus and L. camara. For instance, patent extracts from these
plants have been utilized in the formulation of pharmaceutical drugs, herbal supplements,
cosmeceuticals, and agricultural products. P. hysterophorous, commonly known as Santa
Maria feverfew or Congress grass, contains various bioactive compounds like terpenoids,
flavonoids, phenolics, and alkaloids.These compounds are the key to its medicinal properties,
particularly its antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, L. camara, often referred to as
wild sage, is rich in phytochemicals such as terpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloid glycosides.

Methods:

P. hysterophorous and L. camara plants selected and checking their antimicrobial
activity by agar well diffusion method.

Results:

In our study, we found that the leaf extract of P. hysterophorous exhibited the
most potent antibacterial activity against E. coli. P. hysterophorous exhibited the most potent
antifungal activity against A. niger and T. viride, with a diameter of inhibition zone
measuring 12 mm, followed by A. flavus and A. parasiticus. In case of L. camara, the inhibitory
zone ranging from 14 to 18 mm was detected against S. abony, P. aeruginosa, E.
coli, and K. pneumonia. The leaf extract of the maximum zone of inhibition in case of L.
camara was shown by A. flavus (12 mm).

Conclusion:

The present study suggests that these two weeds could be useful in the development
of bactericides and fungicides
Asian Spice Nanotech: Illicium verum made Metal Nanoparticles for Potent Antibacterial and Catalytic Applications
Authors: Bukhari Syeda Farah , Ali Syed Nawazish , Tauseef Saima , Begum Sabira , Zia Ambreen , Aamra Husena , Hassan Erum
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Asian spices are globally recognized for their rich phytochemical composition.
The bioactive compounds of Asian spices have significant potential to extend the biological
applications of metal nanomaterials by increasing their surface area, stability, dispersion, and ecofriendliness.

Method:

The present study is designed to prepare novel iron oxide (Fe2O3) and copper oxide (CuO)
nanoparticles using an aqueous extract of Illicium verum (star anise), a traditional Asian spice as a
reducing, capping & stabilizing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized to
study their molecular environment using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Elemental
composition was examined through the Energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed the size, shape, and other morphological characteristics of
nanoparticles. The optical properties have been tested through Ultraviolet-Visible (UV) spectroscopy
and the band gap energies of both Fe2O3 and CuO nanoparticles have been calculated by using the
Tauc plot method, which explores its semiconductor applications. The catalytic applications of obtained
nanoparticles have shown significant potential in the degradation of aqueous methyl orange
dye (MO).

Results:

Results revealed that Fe2O3 and CuO nanoparticles significantly increased the rate of reaction
by decreasing the reaction time to 45 mins and 40 mins, respectively in comparison to the
NaBH4 (60 mins). This shows that CuO has a larger surface area and more absorption capacity than
Fe2O3 NPs. To examine the cause of value healthcare, the obtained materials have also been applied
against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The bactericidal activity was compared
with gentamicin, which showed both nanometals are moderate to strongly active against tested microbes.

Conclusion:

The successful eco-friendly synthesis of metallic nanoparticles by using Asian spices
and their applications in physical and biological sciences opens the door for the scientific community
to develop and apply more novel and green nanomaterials in industrial and commercial areas.
Identification of Hub Genes and Analysis of their Regulatory miRNAs in Patients with Thymoma Associated Myasthenia Gravis Based on TCGA Database
Authors: Zhou Wei , Hu Jia , Nie Jun
Published: August 2024

Background:

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease, and 30% of patients with thymoma
often have myasthenia gravis. Patients with thymoma-associated MG (TAMG) have many
different clinical presentations compared to non-MG thymoma (NMG), yet their gene expression
differences remain unclear.

Objective:

In this study, we analyzed the Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) and analyzed their
regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) in TAMG, which will further clarify the possible pathogenesis of
TAMG.

Methods:

DEGs were calculated using the RNA-sequencing data of TAMG and NMG downloaded
from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. R software was then used to analyze the gene
ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of DEGs, while
STRING was applied to build the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Cytoscape to identify
and visualize the hub genes. Immune infiltration significances of hub genes were also explored by
using the TIMER database and TCGA database. Upstream microRNAs (miRNAs) of the hub genes
were predicted by online software.

Results:

We comparatively analyzed the gene expression differences between TAMG and NMG
groups. A total of 977 DEGs were identified between the two groups (|log fold change (FC)| >2,
adjusted P value <0.050), with 555 down-regulated genes and 422 up-regulated genes. Five top hub
genes (CTNNB1, EGFR, SOX2, ERBB2, and EGF) were recognized in the PPI network. Analysis
based on the TIMER and TCGA databases suggested that 5 hub genes were correlated with multiple
immune cell infiltrations and immune checkpoint-related markers, such as PDCD1, CTLA-4, and
CD274, in TAMG patients. Lastly, 5 miRNAs were identified to have the potential function of regulating
the hub gene expression.

Conclusion:

Our study identified 5 hub genes (CTNNB1, EGFR, SOX2, ERBB2, and EGF) and their
5 regulatory miRNAs in TAMG, and the hub genes were correlated with multiple immune cell infiltrations
and immune checkpoint-related markers. Our findings could help partially clarify the pathophysiology
of TAMG, which could be new potential targets for subsequent clinical immunotherapy.
Some New Aspects of Gold-catalyzed Benzannulation Reaction
Authors: Panda Biswajit
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

The gold-catalyzed benzannulation reaction of oxo-alkynes with al-kenes or alkynes is one of the important and unique reactions in gold-catalyzed organic trans-formations.

Methods:

In this manuscript, many facets of this reaction have been discussed concerning reac-tivity and selectivity, along with a new self-benzannulation process. The scope of this chemistry was extended to construct a phenanthrene moiety.

Results:

In addition, a palladium-gold dual catalytic arylation of isobenzopyrylium salts using arene-diazonium salts as an aryl group source and a one-pot isoquinoline synthesis is reported for the first time.

Conclusion:

Moreover, a conductance measurement experiment was performed, which supports the formation of ionic species, most likely the isobenzopyrylium auric ate complex as an inter-mediate formed during the reaction process.
Mechanisms of Antidiabetic Effects of Medicinal Plants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fakhrozi Nurul Fatihah , Mohd Jofrry Suhaidah , Ming Long Chiau , Choo Chee-Yan
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide concern as its rising prevalence has
resulted in severe health problems. Some people employ traditional medicine to manage their
diabetes. AIM: This review aims to identify medicinal plants used in diabetes management and
to review their non-clinical data on its efficacy, toxicity studies, and mechanism of action.

Methods:

The databases used to search for information were PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect,
and Google Scholar, reporting from Jan 2018 until Nov 2023. The search terms involved “diabetes”,
“hypoglycemic” “medicinal plants”, “chemical compound”, “traditional use”, “extracts”,
“reduce blood glucose” and “toxicity”.

Results:

A total of twenty plants were identified, showing blood glucose reduction from 14.3%
to 80%, and their mechanism of action was thematically categorized under three mechanisms
which are 1) insulin secretagogue, 2) insulin sensitizer, and 3) retard intestinal absorption of glucose.
The plant extracts showed no sign of acute toxicity between 1.5 to 5 g/kg.

Conclusion:

To optimize their effectiveness, further research is required to evaluate chronic toxicity
and identify plant extract bioactive compounds.
Basics of Organic Chemistry: A Textbook for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Bansal Anshul
Published: August 2024

Basics of Organic Chemistry: A Textbook for Undergraduate Students is an essential guide for students who are learning organic chemistry. The book provides a clear and thorough introduction to fundamental concepts, beginning with the topic of structure and bonding, which lays the foundation by exploring atomic structure, hybridization, and chemical bonds. The second chapter on reaction mechanisms breaks down the processes and factors influencing chemical reactions. The next chapter introduces readers to reactive Intermediates including transient species like carbocations and free radicals, while the final two chapters on Stereochemistry and organic compounds examine the spatial arrangement of atoms and its impact on chemical properties.

Key features

- Clear explanations with detailed illustrations and structured chapters

- Real-world examples to connect theory with practice

- End-of-chapter exercises for self-assessment

- Bibliography for further reading

Designed for undergraduate students of chemistry and allied subjects, this textbook is a valuable resource for advanced studies, in organic chemistry, exam preparation, and laboratory work.
The Strength-Ductility Paradox
Authors: Fisher David
Published: August 2024

The strength-ductility paradox originally referred to the fact that the plasticity of titanium is improved when subjected to high-pressure torsion. This is also known as the SPD-paradox, where SPD is the initialism of severe plastic deformation. Today, we know that short-term annealing of the deformed material increases the strength and ductility simultaneously. The same phenomenon is also observed in other pure metals, in alloys and in metal-matrix composites. The book reviews the strength-ductility paradox in a wide range of materials, and the range of mechanisms involved. The book references 119 original resources with their direct web links for in-depth reading.
ANALISIS RETURN SAHAM DAN TVA PADA SEKTOR KESEHATAN SEBELUM DAN SELAMA PANDEMIK COVID-19
Authors: Fissholah Qurrota Aini , Hascaryani Tyas Danarti
Published: August 2024

The existence of the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019 greatly affected various sectors, one of which affected the conditions on the capital market sector in Indonesia. This research aims to determine and analyze comparisonal in stock return and Trading volume activity (TVA) between before and during the covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The research was carried healthcare sector issuers listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research is a comparative quantitative. The members of the sample have been selected using purposive sampling and obtained 15 companies as samples. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Test. The result shows that there is significant difference in stock return between before and during the covid-19 pandemic, this is supported by an increase in the profits of healthcare sector companies during the pandemic, meanwhile the TVA variable there is also a significant difference between before and during the covid-19 pandemic, this can be seen from the increase in transaction volume which shows investor interest in health-sector stock.
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA PERBANKAN MELALUI RASIO KEUANGAN BERDASARKAN ASPEK RISK PROFILE, EARNINGS, DAN CAPITAL SEBELUM DAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 (Studi Pada Bank BUMN Konvensional)
Authors: Wibowo Dimas Hary , Galuh Ajeng Kartika
Published: August 2024

Financial ratios as an indicator of bank performance, in conventional state-owned banks show differences in performance between before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to see whether there are conventional state-owned banks that have significant differences in performance between before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, as seen through the financial ratios. Financial ratios Non Performing Loan (NPL) and Loan to Deposit Ratios (LDR) as a projection from the Risk Profile aspect, Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Interest Margin (NIM) as a projection from the Earnings aspect, as well as the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) as a projection from the Capital aspect. The data analysis method is a different test used Paired Sample t-Test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The study results indicate a decrease in performance based on aspects of Risk Profile, Earnings, and Capital in conventional state-owned banks. From the results of data analysis, it was also found that bank Mandiri showed significant differences in NPL, LDR, ROA, ROE, NIM, and CAR, bank BRI showed significant differences in NPL, LDR, ROA, and ROE, bank BNI showed significant differences in NPL, LDR, ROA, ROE, and NIM, as well as at bank BTN showed significant differences in LDR, ROA, and CAR.
PENGARUH STOCK SELECTION SKILL, MARKET TIMING ABILITY, FUND AGE, EXPENSE RATIO, DAN FUND SIZE TERHADAP KINERJA REKSADANA 2016-2021
Authors: Santoso Pramana Ridha , Kaluge David
Published: August 2024

Mutual fund is a financial product frequently selected by small investors and those who have no sufficient time and skill to calculate risks and profits from their investment. Here investors entrust their money to people in charge of managing the fund in forms of portfolios. The objective of this research is to assess 16 mutual funds, selected through purposive sampling, from 2016 to 2021. The hypotheses were examined using F test and t test. The classical assumption test consists of normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests, performed in EViews. This study finds that stock selection skill and fund age negatively and significantly affect portfolio performance, that market timing ability positively and significantly influences portfolio performance, and that expense ratio and fund size negatively and insignificantly affect portfolio performance.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUNGANAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA BANK YANG TERDAFTAR INDEX LQ-45
Authors: Marito Anggi Sinta , Moh Athoillah
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of banks during the iCovid-19 pandemic with a sample of banking studies listed on the LQ45-Index, to find out whether there are differences in financial performance during the pandemic. This analysis uses the ratio of CAR (Capital Adequency Ratio), ROA (Return On Assets), and LDR/FDR (Loan Deposit Ratio) or (Financing to Deposit Ratio). This study uses a quantitative method with a comparative approach, because this study uses numbers and is analyzed using statistics. This study uses data from the publication of the Financial Statements Quarter I – Quarter IV 2019-2020. The population of this study was taken from the banks listed on the LQ45-Index for the 2019-2020 period, which amounted to six banks, namely Bank Central Asia (BCA), Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI), Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI), Bank Mandiri, Bank Tabungan Negara ( BTN), and the Sharia State Pension Savings Bank (BTPN). The statistical method used is the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the Paired Sample T-Test. The results showed that in the three BCA there were significant differences in financial performance during the Covid-19 pandemic, BRI's CAR and ROA ratios had significant differences in financial performance during the Covid-19 pandemic, while BNI, Bank Mandiri, BTN, and BTPN Syariah did not have differences in financial performance during the pandemic for ROA and LDR ratios, only the CAR ratio shows differences in financial performance during the pandemic
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN ELECTRONIC WALLET (E-WALLET) DI MASYARAKAT: STUDI KASUS PADA PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT SRIWIJAYA KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: A. Glenntiko Wiratama Putra
Published: August 2024

This study aims to: (1) determine the factors that influence the use of electronic wallets at the Sriwijaya Hospital, Palembang City. (2) determine the most dominant factor in influencing the use of electronic wallets The research method used is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. Data obtained directly from respondents using questionnaire instruments), documentation, and observation.The results of this study indicate that the variables of trust, perceived security, perceived benefits, perceived convenience, perceived risk, consumptive behavior after being assumed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis are known to have a relationship to the use of electronic wallets. While the results of the multivariate analysis state that perceived security and perceived benefits have a significant effect on the use of electronic wallets.This then becomes the basis of information and policy considerations for related parties to further improve the governance system for the existence and use of electronic wallets, especially at the Faculty of Economics as well as Malang City, Palembang and the State of Indonesia in general. Therefore, the results of this research are then expected to be able to provide references for improvement in order to create professional work and fair welfare for all parties.
ANALISIS HERDING BEHAVIOR PADA SEKTOR SEKTOR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA DAN BURSA SAHAM MALAYSIA TAHUN 2015 2021
Authors: Ivan Purnama Putera  , David Kaluge
Published: August 2024

The growth of investors in the Indonesian capital market has grown significantly over the past five years. However, this was followed by a fairly slow growth in financial literacy, especially in the capital market sector. The existence of inequality in the growth of these two things can lead to irrational investors because investors who have good literacy will make better investment decisions by doing analysis. One of the irrational behavior as a result of this inequality is herding behavior. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic which caused panic among investors in the capital market also encouraged herding behavior. This study aims to analyze and detect herding behavior on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Malaysia Stock Exchange by dividing it into three different periods, namely before the pandemic, during the pandemic, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used to detect herding behavior in this study is Cross. Sectional Absolute Deviation (CSAD) introduced by Chang et al. (2000) using the rolling regression method. The results showed that the intensity level of herding behavior was very high during the COVID-19 pandemic or in 2020 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Malaysian Stock Exchange. In addition, for the entire study period, the intensity level of herding behavior on the Malaysian Stock Exchange is higher than the Indonesian Stock Exchange.
ANALISIS PENGARUH ENVIRONMENT, SOCIAL, GOVERNANCE (ESG) SCORE TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM YANG TERDAFTAR DI INDEX IDX30
Authors: Aditama Fahreza
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) score on the company's stock returns. This study uses a sample of companies listed on the IDX30 Index from 2017-2020. The analysis technique used is in the form of multiple linear analysis using ESG score as the independent variable and stock return as a dependent variable and analyzed with the application of E-views 10. The results show that only the environmental score influences the company's stock returns. In further analysis, the social score and governance score do not affect the company's stock returns. Environmental score has a negative effect on stock returns. Companies must increase investment and assets if they want to reduce and limit the number of emissions issued in their business processes. This will affect the company's profitability so that it can influence investors' decisions.