bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geophysics, geology, geometry and AI: a story of creative tension, the value of synergy and novel paths into unchartered lands
Authors: Wellmann Florian
Published: March 2024

Investigating the subsurface: this is one of the main tasks in the field of applied geophysics. And equally so in geology. But even if the aim is the same, the approach differs remarkably: on one side, methods based on physics, often combined with a substantial load of mathematical and numerical tools for processing and inversion; on the other side, the hermeneutic approach of geology, where a vast body of knowledge and sparse observations leads to, often qualitative, insights into the expected distribution of rock types and structures. Of course, these are the two caricatured extremes - in reality, there are many links between the fields, both in theory and also in practice. But arguably, the interaction is not always without tension. In this talk, we will explore a fruitful link, one that conceptualizes many commonalities in a qualitative and quantitative manner: geometry. Concepts from this field have been fundamental for centuries in both geophysics and geology. This ranges from the realization that many aspects of Earth's complex evolution can be simplified to 2-D manifolds within 3-D space, to the understanding that sharp discontinuities often produce discernible signals in geophysical investigations. This link has therefore been used implicitly for many years - but recent advances in computational geometry provide a more flexible integration of both aspects into modern inverse frameworks. In this talk, we will delve into the general concepts behind computational geometry, with a special focus on novel developments in the field. We will especially focus on low-dimensional parameterisations, which provide an efficient and flexible way to represent complex geological settings, but keep the possibility to integrate them into geophysical inverse frameworks. This link will be exemplified with joint geophysical-geological inversions using potential-field and electrical methods. A main advantage from this integration is the possibility to perform probabilistic inversion and uncertainty quantification, and to obtain meaningful posterior distributions for both, the geometric features, and the employed rock properties. Finally, we will venture into the realm of AI and investigate as to how the recent advances in foundation models will aid the understanding of geological context in the task of joint geological-geophysical investigations. One remarkable realisation has been that large pre-trained models may show emergent properties, which lead to a generalised representation of context for a wide range of applications, including geophysics and geosciences. After an investigation of current possibilities to use LLMs in inverse frameworks, we round off our journey by an educated look into the glass bowl about the evolving possibilities for a tighter integration of hermeneutic geological aspects and quantitative geophysical methods.
Mechanical properties and carbon sequestration potential of MICP-based shotcrete partially substituted with industrial solid waste
Authors: Yuan Xinyi , Zhang Chao , Song Zian
Published: March 2024

Reducing the substantial carbon dioxide emissions from mining activities is essential for establishing environmentally friendly mines and achieving carbon neutrality in the mining industry. This study introduces a practical approach for reducing carbon dioxide emissions in underground mining by leveraging shotcrete, a widely used material in mining, as a carrier for carbon mineral sequestration. Additionally, to further mitigate the overall carbon footprint related to the shotcrete preparation, we enhanced the carbonation process by utilizing bacteria and incorporating solid waste materials as ordinary Portland cement substitutes (mainly yellow phosphorus slag and coal gasification slag). Our research reveals that shotcrete containing bacteria microorganisms exhibits significantly enhanced carbonation rates compared to conventional shotcrete. Specifically, it absorbs approximately 0.76 kgCO2 per square meter within a span of 14 days. Moreover, the substitution of solid waste materials fixed with bacteria not only enhances the mechanical performance of the shotcrete but also further augments the bacterial carbonation ability. Characterization techniques, such as XRD and SEM/EDS, reveal the presence of captured carbon dioxide in the form of calcite, pyrrhotite, and magnesite, resulting in a denser cementitious matrix and improved mechanical properties.
Influence of intracrystalline deformation on chemical diffusion in garnet around coesite inclusions
Authors: Luisier Cindy , Tajcmanova Lucie , Duretz Thibault , Lenz Larissa Lenz , Khakimova Liudmila
Published: March 2024

Coesite inclusions in garnets are emblematic observations, typical of Ultra-High-Pressure (UHP) rocks.  While small inclusions may fully preserve coesite, sufficiently large inclusions undergo partial transition of coesite to quartz. Here, we focus on samples from UHP rocks from Dora Maira Massif (Western Alps). Classical petrographic analysis indeed reveals the coexistence of quartz and coesite as well as deformation of the surrounding garnet (radial fractures). In addition, microprobe analysis further shows chemical zoning in garnet around partially transformed inclusions. This observation suggests a link between chemical zoning and deformation related to the phase transition. Such an observation provides a unique opportunity to investigate the relation between multi-component diffusion and garnet deformation using both microprobe analysis and quantitative modelling.
Application of reaction front propagation modelling to amphibolite-facies plagioclase hydration: an example from the Bergen arcs, Norway
Authors: Moore Jo , Piazolo Sandra , Beinlich Andreas , Austrheim Håkon , Putnis Andrew
Published: March 2024

Fluid inflitration along brittle presursors is commonly with associated with hydration and deformation of the host rock. In many cases the relative timing of fracturing, fluid infiltration, reaction, and deformation is unclear, making it difficult to disentangle the relative importance of processes that facilitate advancement of the hydration front. Here we present the transition from an anhydrous and relatively undeformed precursor rock into a highly deformed and hydrated plagioclase-rich rock. The studied outcrop preserves both (1) the interface between the anhydrous granulite-facies parent lithology and a statically hydrated amphibolite-facies rock, and (2) a transition from statically hydrated amphibolite to the sheared amphibolite-facies lithologies. Detailed petrography, quantitative mineral chemistry and bulk rock analyses have been applied to investigate compositional variations and assemblage microstructure across both interfaces. Here, we produce hydro-chemical numerical models based on local equilibrium thermodynamics in an attempt to reproduce the characteristics of the hydration and deformation interfaces. Here, we present a comparison between the observed characteristics of the hydration front and those produced by modelling of the reaction front propagation.
Gateway to a salt giant: a new record of the Messinian Salinity Crisis from the westernmost part of the Mediterranean
Authors: Ducassou Emmanuelle , Flecker Rachel , Williams Trevor ,   IODP Expedition 401 participants
Published: March 2024

Salt giant formation is dependent on the dimensions of the connection linking the marginal basin to the open ocean and the nature of exchange between then. However, records from these connecting straits are rare, making it difficult to test connectivity scenarios. As part of the IMMAGE Land-2-Sea project, Integrated Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 401 drilled a new site, U1611, in the Alborán Sea. This basin is thought to have been part of the corridor that linked the Mediterranean with the Atlantic during the formation of the late Miocene salt giant. More than 600 m of sediments were recovered from Site U1611 spanning the early Messinian to early Pliocene. Here we present preliminary results and consider their implications for the origin and evolution of the Messinian Salinity Crisis.
Long-Term Tendencies and Variability of CO content in the Atmosphereof the Moscow Megapolis
Authors: Kirillova Natalia , Rakitin Vadim , Skorokhod Andrey , Dzhola Anatoly , Shilkin Arseny , Fedorova Eugeniya
Published: March 2024

This report presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic long-term data sets on CO total content (CO TC) at stations of the A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS), in Moscow and Moscow oblast. The long-term variability of CO TC and meteorological parameters in atmospheric boundary layer were investigated. A decrease in the average TC CO annual values in 2000–2023 was found for Moscow (–2.23 ± 0.36%/year) and for Zvenigorod Scientific Station (ZSS) (‒1.12 ± 0.33%/year). The CO trend characteristics in both sites in different seasons and periods are demonstrated and discussed.After about 2007–2008, the rate of CO TC reduction decreased at both sites. In 2008–2023 at the ZSS no significant changes in CO TC in the summer and autumn months were found: trend was near zero (-0.04±0.81%/year). An increase in the wind speed in the atmospheric boundary layer of Moscow in different periods of 2008–2022 at a rate of 0.66±0.55%/year has been determined. At the same time, no statistically significant changes in wind speed were found in Kaluga oblast (0.12±0.56%/year). The results indicate the influence of the climatic (meteorological) factor on air quality in Moscow.Study was supported by Russian Science Foundation, Project No 20-17-00200.
Experiment and simulation of quasistatic capillary rise in an ink-bottle setup resultingin pressure-saturation (p-s) hysteresis
Authors: Nepal Animesh , Hidalgo Juan J. , Ortin Jordi , Lunati Ivan , Dentz Marco
Published: March 2024

During imbibition, fluid-fluid interface at the inlet of a constriction experiences an increase in capillary force that results in rapid fluid invasion known as Haines jump. During drainage, the interface gets pinned at the end of the constriction, which causes pressure-saturation (p-s) trajectories to follow different paths during imbibition and drainage resulting in p-s hysteresis. In this work, we performed quasistatic two-phase flow experiments and simulations of cyclic imbibition and drainage in a capillary tube with a constriction (ink-bottle) to have a quantitative understanding of p-s hysteresis. In the setup, drainage and imbibition were driven by quasitatically changing the pressure gradient between the inlet and the outlet of the tube. The experimental results were compared with the results from a numerical model in OpenFOAM, which solves the Navier-Stokes equations employing Volume of Fluid method to calculate the position of the interface. We observed that multiphase flow through a single constriction revealed distinct p-s hysteresis, a common trait in porous media. The steeper the constriction, the more pronounced the p-s hysteresis and vice versa. We derived an analytical solution to obtain the p-s curve and compared the results obtained from experiments and simulations. This comparative study will allow us to quantitatively link the pore-scale capillary physics to large-scale p-s hysteresis.
Toward targeted observations of the meteorological initial states for improving the PM2.5 forecasts in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
Authors: Yang Lichao , Duan Wansuo
Published: March 2024

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTH region) has suffered from successive heavy haze events during the past several decades. The PM2.5 has been dominated as one of the main air pollutants during the haze events, which poses a higher health risk and even a higher death rate. An accurate prediction of the PM2.5 concentration is critical for providing early warnings to residents and helping governments take timely actions. However, due to the complex chemical and physical processes, and uncertainties of meteorological and emission conditions, the numerical chemical transport models (CTMs) are not able to provide presice forecast results, especially on heavy haze days. Here, to reduce the uncertainties caused by meteorological initial conditions and improve the air quality forecasting skills in the CTMs, an advanced approach of conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) was adopted to identify the sensitive area for targeted observations of meteorological fields associated with PM2.5 concentration forecasts. By considering one heavy haze episode that occurred in 2017 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, we first explored the effect of possible targeted meteorological observations on improving the PM2.5 forecasting skills during both the accumulation and dissipation periods of the haze event. Since assimilating the additional observations on the sensitive areas is verified to be effective on improving the PM2.5 forecasts, we then investigate how to refine the ground meteorological observation network to greatly improve the PM2.5 concentration forecasts by identifying sensitive areas for targeted observations. Our study will provide a new strategy to reduce the uncertainties of air quality forecasts, and finally help improve the air quality forecast skills. 
Improving the Latin America and Caribbean Soil Information System (SISLAC) database enhances its usability and scalability
Authors: Díaz-Guadarrama Sergio , Varón-Ramírez Viviana M. , Lizarazo Iván , Guevara Mario , Angelini Marcos , Araujo-Carrillo Gustavo A. , Argeñal Jainer , Armas Daphne , Balta Rafael A. , Bolivar Adriana , Bustamante Nelson , Dart Ricardo O. , Dell Acqua Martin , Encina Arnulfo , Figueredo Hernán , Fontes Fernando , Gutiérrez-Díaz Joan S. , Jiménez Wilmer , Lavado Raúl S. , Mansilla-Baca Jesús F. , de Lourdes Mendonça-Santos Maria , Moretti Lucas M. , Muñoz Iván D. , Olivera Carolina , Olmedo Guillermo , Omuto Christian , Ortiz Sol , Pascale Carla , Pfeiffer Marco , Ramos Iván A. , Ríos Danny , Rivera Rafael , Rodriguez Lady M. , Rodríguez Darío M. , Rosales Albán , Rosales Kenset , Schulz Guillermo , Sevilla Víctor , Tenti Leonardo M. , Vargas Ronald , Vasques Gustavo M. , Yigini Yusuf , Rubiano Yolanda
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Spatial soil databases can help model complex phenomena in which soils are a decisive factor – for example, evaluating agricultural potential or estimating carbon storage capacity. The Latin America and Caribbean Soil Information System, SISLAC, is a regional initiative promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) Latin America and the Caribbean Soil Partnership to contribute to sustainable management of soil. SISLAC includes data from 49 084 soil profiles distributed unevenly across the continent, making it the region's largest soil database. In addition, there are other soil databases in the region with about 40 000 soil profiles that can be integrated into SISLAC and improve it. However, some problems hinder its usages, such as the quality of the data and their high dimensionality. The objective of this research is evaluate the quality of the SISLAC data and the other available soil databases to generate a new improved version that meets the minimum quality requirements to be used for different purposes or practical applications. The results show that 15 % of the existing soil profiles had an inaccurate description of the diagnostic horizons and 17 % of the additional profiles already existed in SISLAC; therefore, a total of 32 % of profiles were excluded for these two reasons. Further correction of an additional 4.5 % of existing inconsistencies improved overall data quality. The improved database consists of 66 746 profiles and is available for public use at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7876731 (Díaz-Guadarrama and Guevara, 2023). This revised version of SISLAC data offers the opportunity to generate information that helps decision-making on issues in which soils are a decisive factor. It can also be used to plan future soil surveys in areas with low density or where updated information is required.
A plane away: Transitioning traditional 2D character design workflows to 3D space using VR paint tools
Authors:   , Hoffensetz Douglas
Published: March 2024

When cinematic and interactive experiences are created within virtual reality, audiences are enabled to decide where their attention is directed, something that must be balanced with authorial and narrative intention. Similarly, when creating characters within virtual domains, the challenge is to ensure character consistency regardless of which angle audiences may have. This practice-based research investigates options for informing how creatives approach decision making that can optimize character design choices. By exploring methods based on two-dimensional character design and traditional workflows, the research examines how visual consistency can accompany the transition to character design and new workflows required for three-dimensional spaces.
Understanding the interplay between students' social bonds and metacognition in middle school science
Authors:   , Wangdi Dumcho
Published: March 2024

The study explores how social bonds (social and emotional connections) and metacognition (thoughts about thinking) interact when Bhutanese Year 9 students learn physics. Findings reveal that social bonds and metacognition mutually reinforce each other during physics learning. Students’ metacognitive engagement is shaped by their bonds, with intact bonds leading to deeper engagement and enhanced understanding of physics concepts, while broken bonds are associated with reduction in metacognitive engagement. The study contributes to a holistic understanding of metacognition in science education scholarship, offering practical implications that can inform the practices of science teaching.
REQUIREMENTS FOR FOSTERING THE DEVELOPMENT OF CROSS-CULTURAL COMPETENCE AMONG ASPIRING PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg city, Russia, Kargapoltseva N.A. , Maigeldiyeva Sh.M. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Ailauova Zh.S. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: March 2024

In the current era, the issue of multicultural education holds great significance in nurturing and cultivating the cross-cultural competence of primary school teachers. The development of cross-cultural competence has become a pressing social concern, particularly emphasizing the constructive transfer of knowledge within a multicultural setting. This heightened emphasis can be attributed to ongoing globalizing processes, educational integration, and the prevalent low level of cross-cultural competence among individuals. The establishment and enhancement of cross-cultural competence hold particular importance within foreign language education, especially in the professional training of teachers. Teachers must be prepared to address pressing educational issues that always involve the task of instructing and nurturing students from diverse ethnic and social backgrounds, encompassing varied cultural values, traditions, and lifestyles. Consequently, the education system should primarily focus on strengthening intercultural connections and harmony within Kazakhstan, necessitating a shift in the requirements for contemporary graduates of higher education institutions, who should possess a high level of competence in cross-cultural relations. Hence, the purpose of this research is to identify the pedagogical prerequisites essential for developing the cross-cultural competence of future primary school teachers, enabling them to comprehend and embrace diverse values, possess well-developed cross-cultural self-awareness, and engage effectively in intercultural interactions inherent in other cultures.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TEENAGERS' GAMBLING ADDICTION
Authors:   Atyrau University named after H. Dosmukhamedov, Atyrau city, Kazakhstan, Kaziev K.O.
Published: March 2024

Бүгінгі күні жасөспірімдеріміздің бойында құмарлықтың жағымсыз түрлері белең алып келеді. Отбасындағы жанжал мен орынсыз дау-дамайлар бала психикасына әсер етеді, жанұядағы түсініспеушілік жасөспірім бойында жағымсыз эмоциялық күйлерді тудырады. Құмарлық – адамның ойы мен әрекетінің негізгі бағытына терең із қалдыратын күшті, терең, тұрақты эмоция. Психология ғылымында құмарлықты екіге бөліп қарастырамыз: өнер мен білімге, еңбекке деген қызығушылық жағымды құмарлық түріне жатса, дүниеқұмарлық, баққұмарлық, ойынқұмарлық жағымсыз құмарлық түріне жатады. Қазақтың біртуар ақыны Абай атамыз құмарлықтың психологиялық табиғатын жақсы көрсеткен: «Құмарлық кісіге жүк артады, міндеттілік туғызады, міндет борышты етеді, бұлар еңбекке жүктейді, еңбек ғылым мен өнерге ашылған жол». Адамның ерік-жігерін әлсіретіп, күшін қашырып, психикасын бұзатын ол әрине жағымсыз құмарлықтар. Жағымсыз құмарлық әрекеттері әлеуметтік жағдайы жоғары отбасынан шыққан балаларда да кездеседі. Негізінен, жасөспірімдер қай жағынан болсын әлсіз сипатта болады, олардың бойында әлеуметтік маригинализм кездеседі. Себебі, оларда әлі есею процесі толық аяқталған жоқ, жасөспірімдер көп мәселелерді терең түсіне алмай, бойында құндылықтар жүйесі әлсіз болғандықтан қызығушылықтардың жағымсыз түрлеріне үйір келеді. Тәрбиедегі жағымсыз әрекеттер әлсіз қарсылықты күшейтіп, ата-ана тарапынан қолданылатын жазаланулар жасөспірім көңіл күйінде эмоциялық орнықсыздық тудырып, олардың қызығушылығы құмар ойындарға ауады. Мақалада жеткіншектердің ойынқұмарлыққа тәуелділігінің психологиялық ерекшеліктері анықталып, эксперименттік зерттеу жұмысының нәтижелері берілген.
On the Philosophy of State, Sovereign Thinking and the Biologism of Society
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Shamshurin Viktor , Shamshurina Nina ,   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University;Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
Published: March 2024

Философское осмысление государственного, державного мышления как основа общественного мнения, направлено на обоснование идеи суверенитета (само-господства как само-тождества) личности, общества и государства в соответствии с культурно-историческими, цивилизационными и религиозными традициями преемства, имеющими целью утверждения собственной авторской позиции, вырабатываемой на основе универсализма, системности и целостности как объективности, страхующими от рисков и ошибок. Иногда в ряде исследований, при этом, делается упор на биологической, телесно-экономической составляющей, подчас, на психологической (даже - психопатической), точнее - психосоматической. В данной статье особо отмечен ещё и не менее важный духовный, философско-религиозный аспект темы. При этом уточняется следующее очень важное положение: когда говорят специально о культурно-цивилизационном аспекте, то это, на поверку, скорее уточнение одного из трёх вышеназванных аспектов, как определённых репрезентативных баз данных в виде социологических или исторических выборок. При определении предмета исследования говорить только об онтологическом как биологическом, только физиологическом и даже экономическом измерении мира политического и происходящих в нём процессов значит упускать возможности рассмотрения этого предмета в наибольшем количестве вариантов. Уже сама оценка-квалификация чего бы то ни было как именно только «биологического», или природного, или материалистического (диалектико-материалистического), или экономического начала, в силу своей рефлексивности, не является чисто биологическим и т.д., но и одномоментно, и методологическим, гносеологическим, познавательным этапом. Любой, сколь угодно конкретный эмпирический факт в правовой, социально-политической области, есть совокупность абстрактных суждений, которые тем не менее, нуждаются в философско-стратегическом прослеживании связи с механизмом своего осуществления в реальном социуме.
Current State of Scientific and Expert Discourse on Trends in the Development of Russian Higher Education
Authors:   Moscow State Lomonosov University, Andryushina Evgenia ,   National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Grigorieva Natalia ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: March 2024

В начале 2023 года журнал «Уровень жизни населения регионов России» инициировал публикацию серии статей, в фокусе которых были реформы образования в России, а именно анализ пройденного и разработка основных направлений и положений модернизации системы образования РФ при сохранении черт национальной традиционности. Целью данной статьи является: во-первых, краткое обобщение позиций экспертов относительно различных аспектов реформ российского образования в ретроспективе и перспективе, во-вторых, выявление тех вопросов, которые не нашли должного отражения в указанных публикациях, в-третьих, представление собственного взгляда на направления развития российского высшего образования в современных условиях. Авторы выделили: «Точки согласия», объединяющие эпизоды с символическими заголовками а – «Вперёд в прошлое» и vice versa», б – «Маятник образовательной госполитики» и с – «И снова о Болонской системе», объединив таким образом мнения участников заочной дискуссии. Далее были обозначены «Особенные позиции» каждого и «Дефицит внимания» к отдельным современным реалиям образовательных процессов, а именно, к вопросам, связанным с процессами продолжающейся интернационализации высшего образования, которые являются объективной реальностью XXI столетия и которые необходимо учитывать независимо от тактических манёвров политической элиты и меняющейся конъюнктуры в мировой политике. На сегодняшний день векторы образовательной мобильности студентов и преподавателей поменяли своё направление с Запада на Восток, поэтому своевременно ставить вопрос не только о реформировании системы высшего образования на уровне национального государства, но и о возможности и целесообразности создания некой россиецентристской модели высшего образования как макрорегионального (имея в виду регион РФ-СНГ-АТР-Африка) образовательного центра. В заключении рассматриваются основные положения пилотного проекта по реформе высшего образования, стартующего в шести вузах страны на период 2023–2026 учебных годах.
Employment and Labour Payment in the Cultural Sector: Outcomes of the Budget Reform and the May Decrees
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Muzychuk Valentina ,   State Institute for Art Studies
Published: March 2024

В данной статье анализируются итоги бюджетного реформирования сферы культуры через призму преобразований, затрагивающих вопросы кадрового потенциала и оплаты труда. Отдельное внимание отводится оценке реализации «майских указов» Президента РФ от 2012 г. в части повышения оплаты труда работников учреждений культуры. Показано, что повышение оплаты труда работников культуры происходило одновременно с сокращением численности занятых в этой сфере. Несмотря на декларативную отчётность чиновников о выполнении «майских указов» по повышению оплаты труда, в сфере культуры эти нормативы были выполнены только в отношении федерального и регионального звена, в то время как в подавляющем большинстве муниципальных учреждений культуры указанное нормативное значение достигнуто не было. В результате бюджетного реформирования занятость в сфере культуры сократилась более чем на 10% за период с 2012 по 2022 гг., а оплата труда достигла 75% от уровня средней заработной платы по экономике, что по-прежнему свидетельствует о низком статусе профессий в этой области.
Youth Employment in the Economy of the Voronezh Region: Actual Problems and Promising Directions of their Solution
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Dashkova Ekaterina , Dorokhova Natalia ,   Voronezh State University, Syanova Anastasia
Published: March 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию актуальных проблем занятости молодёжи в одном из регионов Российской Федерации – Воронежской области. В результате ретроспективного анализа были выявлены этапы и особенности развития сферы занятости молодёжи в постсоветский период. На основе анализа статистических данных установлено, что в регионе сложилась напряжённая ситуация, обусловленная существенным сокращением численности молодёжи, а также её доли в общей численности занятого населения и безработных. По результатам социологического опроса выявлены особенности и проблемы трудоустройства и занятости молодёжи в Воронежской области. Положительными моментами исследуемой проблематики являются: высокий уровень удовлетворённости качеством полученного образования, предпочтение молодыми работниками стандартной занятости, эффективность института наставничества, активная и эффективная деятельность профсоюзных организаций Воронежской области в вопросах организации работы с молодёжью. В числе проблем выделены: недостаточные масштабы профориентационных мероприятий, «дискриминация» по опыту работы при трудоустройстве, низкий уровень заработной платы. В качестве перспективных направлений нивелирования проблем, выявленных по результатам исследования, обоснованы: совершенствование и повышение эффективности профориентационной работы на основе разработки и внедрения инновационных методик, отличающихся широким использованием современных информационно-коммуникационных технологий и учитывающих специфику ценностных ориентиров «поколения Z» и «поколения Альфа»; повышение инвестиционной привлекательности региональной экономики и создание новых высокотехнологичных рабочих мест с целью «удержания» молодёжи в регионе, а также привлечение талантливой молодёжи из других регионов и стран; разработка и реализация инструментария финансового и нефинансового стимулирования работодателей к увеличению оплаты труда молодых работников; распространение практики субсидирования трудоустройства молодёжи.
BORDER REGIONS IN CONDITIONS OF INTEGRATION: THEORETICAL ESTIMATIONS AND PRACTICAL RESULTS
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Kuzavko A.S.
Published: March 2024

The study of the dynamics of interstate interactions during globalization and regionalization of the world economy enabled to accumulate a significant amount of theoretical and empirical results, which can be used to assess the impact of cross-border trade cooperation on regional economic development. A particular interest is using different approaches and methods for the analysis of the development of border regions in the context of integration. The author compares the dynamics of some border regions of the Union State of Russia and Belarus, the EU and a number of other states involved in the integration processes. He attempts to summarize the most significant conclusions of Russian and foreign scholars studying the impact of interstate integration on the socio-economic situation of border regions. He notes that certain opportunities for assessing the impact of a region’s border position on its development are provided by the new theory of trade and new economic geography. The study has shown that the impact of integration on the development of border regions differs a lot. It depends on various goals and motives behind the convergence of independent states, as well as on unique institutional factors of border areas.
TRADE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CEE COUNTRIES AND RUSSIA AT A CROSSROADS
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Golubkin A.V. , Knyazev Yu.K. ,   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the statistical analysis of the current state of trade cooperation between the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and Russia over the past 15 years. The authors provide comparative characteristics of the results of mutual trade over the past 15 years with regard to dynamics of trade turnover, exports, imports and commodity composition of trade (on a county-by-country and period-by-period basis). The long-term trend of reducing the volume of trade turnover and Russian exports with a simultaneous increase in the CEE countries’ exports to Russia was revealed, the structure of commodity supplies was analised. It was demonstrated that the primarily raw material Russian export is unpromising in the context of the unfolding "green energy transition" in the European Union. It also pointed out a trend of curtailing mutual trade relations, which began in 2022 due to the sharp escalation of the conflict between Russia and the collective West.
Prevalence of Nomophobia Amongst Physiotherapy Students in Ahmedabad City
Authors: Desai Saloni , Jhala Mihirdev
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: Nomophobia is the fear of being unable to use ones mobile or being unreachable and refers to the feeling of discomfort or anxiety experienced by individuals. This study is aimed to find the prevalence of nomophobia amongst physiotherapy students.
Smartphone addiction is one of the most common issue amongst students as they can have easy access to internet for their daily use which in turn leads to its increasing demands. As the cost of service decreases the dependency of mobile phones to access educational content instead of books has also increased. A 2019 study showed the impact of nomophobia amongst physiotherapy students. This paper briefly describes the research carried out especially regarding the prevalence of nomophobia amongst in physiotherapy students in Ahmedabad city.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional-questionnaire based study was conducted among physiotherapy students. A total of 210 students completed this survey and were included in the analysis. The rate of nomophobia was measured using nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q). The study group consisted of 210 students, ages 18-25 years including both males and females. Each participant was asked to complete the survey through a google form by rating in the form of a 7 point likert scale. Ethical clearance was taken.
RESULT: The data is examined using microsoft excel 2016 version.The overall distribution of NMP-Q scores was absent for 3%, mild nomophobia for 18%, moderate nomophobia for 47% and severe nomophobia for 32%.
CONCLUSION: Hence from this study we concluded that there is moderate to severe prevalence of nomophobia amongst physiotherapy students.

Key words: Nomophobia, Physiotherapy students
A Systematic Review of Digital Intervention of Smoking Abstinence During the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Amin Samia , Billah Meer Sadad , Jahra Jarin Eida
Published: March 2024

Background and Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic created unique challenges for smoking cessation efforts. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions like smartphone apps and text messaging represent a promising approach to support quitting during the pandemic, but evidence of their effectiveness in the COVID context has been limited. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on mobile phone-based interventions for smoking cessation during the COVID-19 pandemic, describing study and intervention characteristics and evaluating impacts on smoking abstinence outcomes.
Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE was conducted for experimental studies on mobile phone interventions for smoking cessation published during the COVID-19 pandemic from 2021 to 2023. Study selection and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Eligible studies were described narratively.
Results: Six studies with 3,878 total participants met the inclusion criteria. Across the 6 studies, mobile phone interventions generally showed some positive impacts on quit intentions, attempts, and abstinence compared to control groups, but most differences were not statistically significant. Two studies found slight increases in quit intention associated with smoking cessation messaging. One study showed a higher rate of quit attempts in the past 24 hours and 12 months among the intervention group, and two studies showed higher abstinence rates at certain follow-ups in intervention arms, though not reaching significance.
Conclusion: Overall, the evidence implies text messaging and mobile apps could confer benefits for cessation, but current research has not definitively confirmed their efficacy. Mobile phone interventions demonstrate preliminary potential to aid smoking cessation during the pandemic, but high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to firmly establish their efficacy. Advancing mHealth solutions is critical to address elevated tobacco use risks during COVID-19.

Key words: COVID-19; Cessation; Digital Health; Intervention; Smoking
Probiotics: Current Trend in Combating Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Ezeanya-Bakpa Chinyere , Omorinbola Oluwabukola
Published: March 2024

Probiotics are live bacteria, most commonly belonging to the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera, although strains of other species are also commercially available and beneficial to the host. From an antibiotic perspective, probiotics have been shown to reduce the risk of certain infections, such as certain types of gastro-intestinal, respiratory and other reproductive infections. This may be accompanied by a reduced need for antibiotics for secondary infections. Although antibiotics appear to be effective against most infections, resistance is increasing among bacteria. Probiotics are specifically selected to prevent cross-contamination or transmission of antibiotic resistance. It is recommended to use probiotics together with antibiotics to reduce incidence, duration and/or severity of antibiotic resistance. This provides better compatibility with antibiotics and thus reduces the development of resistance. The extent to which probiotics directly reduce the spread of antibiotics resistance has not yet been fully studied. However, maintaining the balance of the microbiome while using antibiotics has been the potential to reduce infection and consequently resistance. Probiotics may reduce the need for antibiotics thus the risk of infection.

Key words: Probiotics, Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus, Antimicrobial resistance
Scapular Dyskinesis: A Commonly Seen Mysterious Condition in Asymptomatic Adults – A Narrative Review
Authors: Kasodariya Ashani , Pansala Dharti
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Scapular dyskinesis is defined as visible alterations in scapular positions and motion patterns and is believed to occur as a result of changes in activation of scapular stabilizing muscles. Scapular dyskinesis is not associated with pain and appears to be prevalent in asymptomatic population. The strength deficits or muscular imbalance of scapular muscles lead to disoriented scapular movement, which may contribute to future shoulder injuries. So, this study aims to collect evidence regarding whether scapular dyskinesis is present in asymptomatic adults or not.
METHODS: A computer-based literature search was done using various database with keywords. In this review all types of studies were found. Based on predetermined selection criteria, present study included articles between 2012 to 2022, In which 8 out of 46 articles were fitted in the study on the basis of inclusion criteria.
RESULT: Results of all the studies reviewed, concluded that scapular dyskinesis is commonly seen in asymptomatic adults.
CONCLUSION: Strong evidence exists to show the presence of scapular dyskinesis in asymptomatic adults. Some study depicts the idea that asymptomatic individuals with scapular dyskinesis have strength deficits and require intervention to prevent future shoulder injuries.

Key words: Scapular dyskinesis, Asymptomatic adults, Strength deficit, Scapular muscles imbalance
A Cross-Sectional Study Evaluating Cardiorespiratory Fitness of College Youth Using Ruffier Dickson Test
Authors: Modi Krupal , Jain Shruti
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) strike Indians a decade earlier than the Western population and college youth are not exempted. Despite having an extensive understanding of physical exercise and its benefits, Physiotherapy students are less active than they were before attending graduate school. CVD shows an inverse relationship with Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). The Submaximal Ruffier Dickson Test (RDT) is used here to evaluate CRF of apparently healthy college youth.
AIM: To evaluate the Cardiorespiratory fitness of college youth using the Ruffier-Dickson test.
METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was done on 70 participants between the age group of 18-23 years. The RDT was performed by all participants and the Ruffier Dickson Index of cardiorespiratory endurance was calculated.
RESULT: Out of 70 participants, 55 were able to complete the test. The result shows that 43.6% of participants (n=24) were having Average Endurance (RI 6 to 9), 34.5% (n=19) were having Reasonably Good Endurance (RI 3 to 6), 9% (n=5) were having Very Good Endurance (RI 0 to 3), 7.2% (n=4) were having Moderate Endurance (RI 9 to 12), 5.5% (n=3) were having Poor Endurance (RI 12 to 15), and 0% were having RI value less than 0 and >15 which indicates Excellent Endurance and Very Poor Endurance respectively.
CONCLUSION: Nearly half of the participants fall into the ‘Average Endurance’ category of the Ruffier Dickson Index. So, the central focus here is to raise awareness about the need to assess CRF in Youth and predict current and future health in otherwise healthy youth.

Key words: Cardiorespiratory Fitness, College Students, Ruffier Dickson Test, Ruffier Index.
An Ayurvedic Approach in Muscular Dystrophy in Children
Authors: Dosani Minaj , Singhal Harish Kumar
Published: March 2024

Duchenne muscular dystrophy stands out as the most prevalent and severe form of childhood muscular dystrophy, impacting approximately one in every 5200 male births. It results from dystrophin deficiency, a condition inherited through X-linked recessive traits due to a missing or altered dystrophin protein encoded by the DMD gene located on chromosome Xp21. Unfortunately, this myopathy is currently incurable, often leading to mortality between the ages of 20-25. The primary pharmaceutical intervention for Duchenne muscular dystrophy involves corticosteroids, though they come with long-term negative consequences.In the realm of Ayurveda, Duchenne muscular dystrophy falls under the classification of Medomamsa dushti, attributed to Vata doshas and stemming from Bheejabagahaavyava dushti. Ayurvedic strategies for management emphasize the promotion of regeneration in neuromuscular illnesses, employing a combination of Ayurvedic oral drugs and Panchakarma therapies.

Key words: DMD, Dystrophin, Muscular Dystrophy, Medovaha Srotodushti
Aneurysm Wall Contrast on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A New Predictor of Rupture of Saccular Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Semin K. S. , Zakharova N. E. , Eliava Sh. Sh. , Konovalov A. N. , Kheireddin A. S. , Kalaeva D. B. , Batalov A. I. , Pronin I. N.
Published: March 2024

Background. Recent studies suggest that accumulation of contrast agent in the aneurysm’s wall may predict a high risk of aneurysm growth or rupture.

Objective. To compare the enhancement of the aneurysm wall with other characteristics that affect at the risk of rupture.

Materials and Methods. The study included 95 patients with 132 previously identified saccular aneurysms, who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to a specialized protocol using 3.0 Tesla MRI scanner. The presence or absence of aneurysm’s wall enhancement compared with the following characteristics: gender and age of the patient, the size and shape of the aneurysm, the presence of arterial hypertension, and the PHASES score.

Results. Accumulation of contrast agent by the aneurysm’s wall was associated with the aneurysm dome size (p < 0,001, Sp = 78,1 %, Se = 72,1 %) and PHASES score (p < 0,001, Sp = 64,1 %, Se =57,1 %). No relationship between age, gender, arterial hypertension, shape, and aneurysm location and contrast enhancement was found (p > 0,05).

Conclusion. Contrast enhancement of the aneurysm wall on MRI can be considered an additional risk marker of its rupture.
Atypical case of glioblastoma localization: infratentorial localization (Clinical Case and the Review of the Literature)
Authors: Talybov R. S. , Trofimova T. N. , Pavlova V. I. , Shvetsov I. V. , Mochalov V. V. , Martirosyan M. E. , Prishchepov A. A.
Published: March 2024

Glioblastoma is the most common high-grade primary brain tumor, occurring primarily in adults. This inﬁltrating tumor locates deep in the white matter, subcortical structures and thalamus. The typical localization of glioblastoma is supratentorial, accounting for more than 99% of cases. Primary infratentorial growth of glioblastomas involving the cerebellum is a very rare condition, occurring in less than 1 % of cases reported in the literature. The diﬀerential diagnosis consists mainly of solitary metastatic lesions and medulloblastoma. The clinical manifestations of cerebellar lesions are similar, but the methods of surgical and chemoradiotherapy treatment, prognosis and outcome in cases with various histologic types of the tumors are diﬀerent.

Thus radiology, carried out using multiparametric MRI mapping, is an decision making procedure. In thus publication we present an atypical case of infratentorial glioblastoma in a 45-yearold patient.
Factors Affecting Acceptance of Caesarean Section among Childbearing Age Women in Ebute-Metta, Lagos Mainland Local Government in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: M. C. Adewunmi , A. A. Farotimi
Published: March 2024

The research study was centered on investigating the factors affecting the acceptance of CS among childbearing age women in Ebute-Metta, Mainland Local Government of Lagos State, Nigeria. The descriptive survey design and simple random sampling and purposive sampling technique was used to elicit information from 138 women attending Antenatal Clinic in Federal Medical Centre, Ebute Metta; State Health Centre, Ebute Metta; Primary Health Care Centre; St. Annes Infirmary for Women, Dawodu Lane, Ebute-Metta; Redeemed Christian Church of God Maternity Centre, Ebute Metta, out of which 129 was returned and dully filled. Data was analyzed using frequency tables, percentage, mean and Standard Deviation. Chi-Square statistical tool was used to test hypotheses. Result revealed that 94.6% of the respondents have high knowledge of CS as a method of delivery. 30.3% of the respondents agreed that CS is preferable to vaginal delivery as the pain in vaginal delivery is usually unpleasant, 55% agree that CS cost more than vaginal delivery. 49.7% of the respondents have experienced CS. Statistically, Knowledge of CS will significantly affect acceptance of CS among women of Childbearing age at X2= 65.163; df=22; p-value 0.000<0.05. Cultural belief will significantly affect acceptance of CS among women of Childbearing age at (X2= 88.271; df= 43; P-value 0.000<0.05. It was therefore concluded that Mothers should therefore be educated on the process involved in Caesarean Section delivery and the advantage, causes, importance of this method of delivery in saving the life of mother and baby. It was recommended that a well-organized and structured education / counselling session be organised during antenatal visit in order to help increase useful information about Caesarean section.
“ДИВАН ЛУГАТ АТ-ТҮРКТӨ” КЕЗДЕШКЕН МУЗЫКАЛЫК ТЕРМИНДЕР
Authors: Абдимиталип уулу Нурсултан , Жапаралиев Шербол
Published: March 2024

XI кылымда жашаган улуу түрк тилчи жана ойчул Махмуд Кашгаринин “Диван Лугат ат-Түрк” аттуу энциклопедиялык эмгеги түрк тили менен адабиятынын, түрк элдеринин тарыхы жана географиясы боюнча жазылган эң байыркы эмгектердин бири. Ошондой эле аталган эмгек түрк элдеринин маданияты жана этнографиясы боюнча негизги булактардын бири. “Диван Лугат ат-Түрк” түрк элдеринин бай материалдык жана руханий баалуулуктары тууралуу, анын ичинде орто кылымдагы түрктөрдүн музыкалык маданияты боюнча да кызыктуу этнографиялык маалыматтарды берет. Бул эмгекте биринчи жолу ыр, күү, кошок, айтыш сыяктуу обонду билдирген түшүнүктөр айтылып, ошол мезгилдин кээ бир үйлөмө, чертме кылдуу жана урма аспаптарда ойнолгон музыкалык аткаруу жөнүндө маалыматтар берилген. Алсак, Махмуд Кашгари өз эмгегинде ошол доордун башка кылдуу аспаптары кобуз, икеме/эгеме, ченг/чонг/чуң жана бучы сыяктуу аспаптары, түрктөрдүн көөнө үйлөмө аспаптары сыбызгу, боргуй жана урма аспап болгон товыл жөнүндө да маалымат берет. Макалада “Диванда” кездешкен музыкалык терминдер азыркы кыргыз тилиндеги жалпылыктары менен салыштырылып каралды.