bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activated-carbon-supported K–Co–Mo catalysts for synthesis of higher alcohols from syngas
Authors: Lv Meimei , Xie Wei , Sun Song , Wu Gaimei , Zheng Lirong , Chu Shengqi , Gao Chen , Bao Jun
Published: March 2015

Activated-carbon-supported K–Co–Mo catalysts exhibit excellent performance for alcohol synthesis from CO hydrogenation, especially increasing the selectivity for C2+OH significantly.
A tricarboxylated PtCl(terpyridine) derivative exhibiting pH-dependent photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution from water
Authors: Yamauchi Kosei , Sakai Ken
Published: March 2015

A ‘negatively charged’ PtCl(terpyridine) derivative was found to be the first example of a Pt(ii)-based molecular photocatalyst capable of driving H2 evolution coupled with a PCET process at the ligand geometry.
Tris(8-methoxy-2-quinolylmethyl)amine (8-MeOTQA) as a highly fluorescent Zn2+probe prepared by convenient C3-symmetric tripodal amine synthesis
Authors: Mikata Yuji , Nodomi Yuki , Ohnishi Risa , Kizu Asako , Konno Hideo
Published: March 2015

The convenient synthesis ofC3-symmetric tribenzylamines utilizing acetaldehyde ammonia trimer (1) revealed tris(8-methoxy-2-quinolylmethyl)amine (8-MeOTQA) as a fluorescent zinc sensor with high sensitivity.
Two novel 3d–4f heterometallic coordination polymers with infinite [Ln4(OH)4]n8n+ chains involving in situ decarboxylation
Authors: Wu Wen-Ya , Zhang Rui-Feng , Zhang Xue-Jing , Cheng Peng
Published: March 2015

Two novel heterometallic coordination polymers with infinite Ln4(OH)4]n8n+ chains [Ln4Co(QDA)2(QA)6(OH)4(H2O)4] (Ln = Tb1, Dy2; H2QDA = 2,3-quinolinedicarboxylic acid, HQA = 3-quinolinecarboxylic acid) have been achieved.
Amino-ether macrocycle that forms CuII templated threaded heteroleptic complexes: a detailed selectivity, structural and theoretical investigations
Authors: Santra Saikat , Mukherjee Sandip , Bej Somnath , Saha Subrata , Ghosh Pradyut
Published: March 2015

Self-sorting behavior of a newly synthesized macrocycle with divalent metal ions and aromatic ligands via pseudorotaxane formation has been described.
1,1/1,2 Isomerisation in Lewis base adducts of B2cat2
Authors: Cade I. A. , Chau W. Y. , Vitorica-Yrezabal I. , Ingleson M. J.
Published: March 2015

The unexpected 1,1/1,2 isomerisation of the diolate in B2cat2 is observed on addition of Lewis bases.
A thorium metallacyclopentadiene complex: a combined experimental and computational study
Authors: Fang Bo , Hou Guohua , Zi Guofu , Fang De-Cai , Walter Marc D.
Published: March 2015

The first thorium metallacyclopentadiene complex was prepared and its reactivity was investigated.
Fine control on the photochemical and photobiological properties of Ru(ii) arene complexes
Authors: Chen Yongjie , Lei Wanhua , Hou Yuanjun , Li Chao , Jiang Guoyu , Zhang Baowen , Zhou Qianxiong , Wang Xuesong
Published: March 2015

With the increase of the electron-withdrawing strength of the R group, both ligand photodissociation and 1O2 generation of the complexes improved markedly.
A quantitative analysis of the efficiency of solar-driven water-splitting device designs based on tandem photoabsorbers patterned with islands of metallic electrocatalysts
Authors: Chen Yikai , Sun Ke , Audesirk Heather , Xiang Chengxiang , Lewis Nathan S.
Published: March 2015

Optical obscuration and kinetic overpotentials of patterned electrocatalyst films are investigated using a 0-dimentional load-line analysis and experimental measurements.
A solution-processed, mercaptoacetic acid-engineered CdSe quantum dot photocathode for efficient hydrogen production under visible light irradiation
Authors: Liu Bin , Li Xu-Bing , Gao Yu-Ji , Li Zhi-Jun , Meng Qing-Yuan , Tung Chen-Ho , Wu Li-Zhu
Published: March 2015

We describe a simple, efficient and stable mercaptoacetic acid-engineered CdSe quantum dot photocathode for hydrogen generation by water-splitting from neutral water.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor potency of chlorinated parabens in the aquatic environment
Authors: Terasaki Masanori , Yasuda Michiko , Makino Masakazu , Shimoi Kayoko
Published: March 2015

Parabens are widely used as preservatives in personal care products.
High-throughput protease activity cytometry reveals dose-dependent heterogeneity in PMA-mediated ADAM17 activation
Authors: Wu Lidan , Claas Allison M. , Sarkar Aniruddh , Lauffenburger Douglas A. , Han Jongyoon
Published: March 2015

Pericellular proteases, a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) in particular, are major regulators of cellular microenvironment and have significant implications in various pathological situations including cancer, inflammatory and vascular disease.
Identification and quantification of seleno-proteins by 2-DE-SR-XRF in selenium-enriched yeasts
Authors: Zhao Jiating , Pu Yunxia , Gao Yuxi , Peng Xiaomin , Li Yunyun , Xu Xiaohan , Li Bai , Zhu Nali , Dong Juncai , Wu Gang , Li Yu-Feng
Published: March 2015

The Se content in Se-containing proteins of Se-enriched yeast was successfully identified and quantified by 2-DE combined with SRXRF techniques with high resolution and sensitivity.
The absolute isotopic composition and atomic weight of ytterbium using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and development of an SI-traceable ytterbium isotopic certified reference material
Authors: Wang Jun , Ren Tongxiang , Lu Hai , Zhou Tao , Zhou Yuanjing
Published: March 2015

The absolute isotopic composition of ytterbium in six varieties of (terrestrial source) materials were determined using MC-ICP-MS.
Induced-charge electroosmotic trapping of particles
Authors: Ren Yukun , Liu Weiyu , Jia Yankai , Tao Ye , Shao Jinyou , Ding Yucheng , Jiang Hongyuan
Published: March 2015

We present a novel position-controllable particle trapping method by the adjustable ICEO technique known as AC-flow field effect transistor.
System responses to chronic cold stress probed via1H NMR spectroscopy in plasma and urine matrices
Authors: Yang Yongxia , Wang Yaling , Zhang Jingli , Han Zhihui , Chen Ali , Pan Sina , Liang Shengwang , Wang Shumei
Published: March 2015

The metabolic pathways in plasma and urine revealed the biochemical changes under chronic cold stress from a systematic and holistic view.
Quantitative elemental analysis of bovine ovarian follicles using X-ray fluorescence imaging
Authors: Ceko M. J. , Hummitzsch K. , Hatzirodos N. , Rodgers R. J. , Harris H. H.
Published: March 2015

Highlights how quantitative XRF can differentiate between biological structures in bovine ovaries on the basis of trace element distribution alone.
Influence of electron storing, transferring and shuttling assets of reduced graphene oxide at the interfacial copper doped TiO2p–n heterojunction for increased hydrogen production
Authors: Babu Sundaram Ganesh , Vinoth Ramalingam , Praveen Kumar Dharani , Shankar Muthukonda V. , Chou Hung-Lung , Vinodgopal Kizhanipuram , Neppolian Bernaurdshaw
Published: March 2015

Herein we report a Cu2O–TiO2/rGO photocatalyst with phenomenal water splitting ability.
High-resolution and large-area nanoparticle arrays using EUV interference lithography
Authors: Karim Waiz , Tschupp Simon Andreas , Oezaslan Mehtap , Schmidt Thomas J. , Gobrecht Jens , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. , Ekinci Yasin
Published: March 2015

Step-and-repeat EUV–ATL to obtain large-area nanoparticle arrays.
Facile and eco-friendly synthesis of green fluorescent carbon nanodots for applications in bioimaging, patterning and staining
Authors: Shi Lihong , Li Yanyan , Li Xiaofeng , Wen Xiangping , Zhang Guomei , Yang Jun , Dong Chuan , Shuang Shaomin
Published: March 2015

We report a facile and eco-friendly strategy for the fabrication of green fluorescent carbon nanodots (CDs), and demonstrate their applications for bio-imaging, patterning, and staining.
An efficient approach to 1,2,3-trisubstituted indole via rhodium catalyzed carbene Csp3–H bond insertion
Authors: Shen Mei-Hua , Pan Ying-Peng , Jia Zhi-Hong , Ren Xin-Tao , Zhang Ping , Xu Hua-Dong
Published: March 2015

A method for convenient synthesis ofN-alkyl-2-aryl-indole-3-carbaldehydeviacarbene C–H bond insertion.
Design and synthesis of analogues of natural products
Authors: Maier Martin E.
Published: March 2015

In this article strategies for the design and synthesis of natural product analogues are summarized and illustrated with some selected examples.
“Old” chemistry in a new context: photocleavable 2-oxoacetate-containing latex dispersions and core–shell microcapsules for the controlled release of volatile compounds
Authors: Charlon Marine , Trachsel Alain , Paret Nicolas , Frascotti Laurence , Berthier Damien L. , Herrmann Andreas
Published: March 2015

2-Oxoacetates polymerised into nanoparticles or encapsulated in microcapsules are stable against hydrolysis and release fragrances on UVA irradiation.
Synthesis and thermoresponsive properties of four-arm star-shaped poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s bearing covalent and non-covalent cores
Authors: Chen Yougen , Xiao Nao , Fukuoka Moe , Yoshida Kohei , Duan Qian , Satoh Toshifumi , Kakuchi Toyoji
Published: March 2015

We succeeded in synthesizing a series of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s with linear and four-arm star-shaped structures and clarified their thermoresponsive properties.
Environmentally responsive amino acid-bioconjugated dynamic covalent copolymer as a versatile scaffold for conjugation
Authors: Wang Lin , Liu Li , Wu Libin , Liu Lingzhi , Wang Xiaobei , Yang Shixia , Zhao Hanying
Published: March 2015

A tyrosine-conjugated biodynamer with thermo/pH-responsive and adaptive features is constructed and modified by tyrosine-click reaction and HRP-mediated oxidative coupling reaction.
Synthesis of free-standing reduced graphene oxide membranes with different thicknesses and comparison of their electrochemical performance as anodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Jinxing , Wang Hui
Published: March 2015

Free-standing reduced graphene oxide membranes (rGOMs) with different thicknesses and carbon contents are prepared via a simple, low cost, scalable, and eco-friendly two-step process.
Fabrication of asymmetric-gradient-concentric ring patterns via evaporation of droplets of PMMA solution at different substrate temperatures
Authors: Sun Wei , Yang Fuqian
Published: March 2015

Asymmetric-gradient-concentric ring patterns are fabricated via evaporating a PMMA solution droplet with a circular copper ring as template. Various micro-patterns are formed in the trench between the polymer rings.
Amorphous titanate-crosslinking N-rich carbon hybrid with 3D channels for fast lithium storage
Authors: Liu Jiehua , Xu Jiaqi , Zhou Kuan , Wang Lei , Wei Xiangfeng
Published: March 2015

A novel amorphous titanate-crosslinking N-rich carbon hybrid is successfully prepared for the first time and exhibits superior high-rate performance.
Application of electrodeposited cobalt hexacyanoferrate film to extract energy from water salinity gradients
Authors: Haj Mohammad Hosein Tehrani Samira , Seyedsadjadi Seyed Abolfazl , Ghaffarinejad Ali
Published: March 2015

Cobalt hexacyanoferrate film as a cheap and efficient electrode material for extracting energy from water salinity gradients.
Developmental and organ-specific toxicity of cucurbit[7]uril: in vivo study on zebrafish models
Authors: Chen Huanxian , Chan Judy Y. W. , Yang Xue , Wyman Ian W. , Bardelang David , Macartney Donal H. , Lee Simon M. Y. , Wang Ruibing
Published: March 2015

The macrocyclic Cucurbit[7]uril was evaluated for itsin vivotoxicity profile, including developmental toxicity and organ-specific toxicities using zebrafish models.
Charging and discharging at the nanoscale: Fermi level equilibration of metallic nanoparticles
Authors: Scanlon Micheál D. , Peljo Pekka , Méndez Manuel A. , Smirnov Evgeny , Girault Hubert H.
Published: March 2015

Surrounding environment, excess charge and size affect the Fermi level of the electrons in nanoparticles, having a significant influence on their properties.
Azasugar inhibitors as pharmacological chaperones for Krabbe disease
Authors: Hill Chris H. , Viuff Agnete H. , Spratley Samantha J. , Salamone Stéphane , Christensen Stig H. , Read Randy J. , Moriarty Nigel W. , Jensen Henrik H. , Deane Janet E.
Published: March 2015

Modified azasugar molecules have been synthesized and characterized as excellent pharmacological chaperone candidates to treat the neurodegenerative disorder Krabbe disease.
Domain walls and anchoring transitions mimicking nematic biaxiality in the oxadiazole bent-core liquid crystal C7
Authors: Kim Young-Ki , Cukrov Greta , Xiang Jie , Shin Sung-Tae , Lavrentovich Oleg D.
Published: March 2015

“Secondary disclinations” previously considered as evidence of a biaxial nematic phase are shown to be domain walls in a uniaxial nematic phase.
Mesoporous CuCo2O4 nanograsses as multi-functional electrodes for supercapacitors and electro-catalysts
Authors: Cheng Jinbing , Yan Hailong , Lu Yang , Qiu Kangwen , Hou Xiaoyi , Xu Jinyou , Han Lei , Liu Xianming , Kim Jang-Kyo , Luo Yongsong
Published: March 2015

A freestanding mesoporous CuCo2O4 nanograss electrode exhibits a superior pseudocapacitive performance and a high electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation.
Consumer-grade polyurethane foam functions as a large and selective absorption sink for bisphenol A in aqueous media
Authors: Han Jie , Qiu Wei , Tiwari Saumya , Bhargava Rohit , Gao Wei , Xing Baoshan
Published: March 2015

Consumer-grade polyurethane foam functions as a large absorption sink for BPA, showing superior uptake rates and selectivity to conventional adsorbents.
Facile preparation of semimetallic MoP2 as a novel visible light driven photocatalyst with high photocatalytic activity
Authors: Wu Tianli , Chen Shijian , Zhang Dingke , Hou Junke
Published: March 2015

In this work, semimetallic MoP2 nanoparticles are discovered as a new photocatalyst to efficiently degenerate methyl orange and produce H2 from water under visible light irradiation.
Real-time X-ray scattering studies of film evolution in high performing small-molecule–fullerene organic solar cells
Authors: Engmann Sebastian , Bokel Felicia A. , Herzing Andrew A. , Ro Hyun Wook , Girotto Claudio , Caputo Bruno , Hoven Corey V. , Schaible Eric , Hexemer Alexander , DeLongchamp Dean M. , Richter Lee J.
Published: March 2015

Comprehensive studies of the influence of the formulation additive 1,8-diiodooctane on the structural evolution of small molecule BHJ films with GIWAXS and GISAXS are presented.
Enhanced performance of quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells by tuning the building blocks in D–(π)–A′–π–A featured organic dyes
Authors: Lan Tian , Lu Xuefeng , Zhang Lu , Chen Yijing , Zhou Gang , Wang Zhong-Sheng
Published: March 2015

Four D–(π)–A′–π–A featured organic sensitizers with different building blocks have been constructed for efficient quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells.
Anchoring ultra-fine TiO2–SnO2solid solution particles onto graphene by one-pot ball-milling for long-life lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Sheng , Ling Min , Qiu Jingxia , Han Jisheng , Zhang Shanqing
Published: March 2015

A low cost, up-scalable and one-pot wet-mechanochemical approach is designed for fabricating TiO2–SnO2@graphene nanocomposites where TiO2and SnO2solid solution nanoparticles are evenly anchored on graphene sheets.
Human mesenchymal stem cells - current trends and future prospective
Authors: Ullah Imran , Subbarao Raghavendra Baregundi , Rho Gyu Jin
Published: March 2015

Stem cells are cells specialized cell, capable of renewing themselves through cell division and can differentiate into multi-lineage cells. These cells are categorized as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and adult stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells which can be isolated from human and animal sources. Human MSCs (hMSCs) are the non-haematopoietic, multipotent stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into mesodermal lineage such as osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes as well ectodermal (neurocytes) and endodermal lineages (hepatocytes). MSCs express cell surface markers like cluster of differentiation (CD)29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and lack the expression of CD14, CD34, CD45 and HLA (human leucocyte antigen)-DR. hMSCs for the first time were reported in the bone marrow and till now they have been isolated from various tissues, including adipose tissue, amniotic fluid, endometrium, dental tissues, umbilical cord and Wharton's jelly which harbours potential MSCs. hMSCs have been cultured long-term in specific media without any severe abnormalities. Furthermore, MSCs have immunomodulatory features, secrete cytokines and immune-receptors which regulate the microenvironment in the host tissue. Multilineage potential, immunomodulation and secretion of anti-inflammatory molecules makes MSCs an effective tool in the treatment of chronic diseases. In the present review, we have highlighted recent research findings in the area of hMSCs sources, expression of cell surface markers, long-term in vitro culturing, in vitro differentiation potential, immunomodulatory features, its homing capacity, banking and cryopreservation, its application in the treatment of chronic diseases and its use in clinical trials.
Breitflächige Duodenal- und Papillenadenome – eine Herausforderung im Grenzbereich zwischen interventioneller Endoskopie und Chirurgie
Authors: Seewald S. , Bertschinger P. , Jacob A. L. , Schmidt J.
Published: March 2015

Die Resektion von breitflächigen Duodenal- und Papillenadenomen gehört zu den endoskopischen Eingriffen mit einem deutlich erhöhten Komplikationsrisiko. Die Indikationsstellung für eine endoskopische Resektion bedarf deshalb einer spezifischen Risikoabschätzung. Chirurgische Verfahren wie die pankreaserhaltende Duodenektomie oder transduodenale Papillekomie sind dabei mögliche Alternativen. Der folgende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die aktuellen endoskopischen und chirurgischen Verfahren. Des Weiteren werden wichtige praktische Aspekte des klinischen Managements, der Diagnostik und Therapie mit Beispielen diskutiert.
An integrated wire harp and readout electronics inside vacuum
Authors: Chatterjee Mou , Nabhiraj P. Y.
Published: March 2015

A wire harp is a well known instrument used in ion beam profile measurement and beam diagnostics. Till date, for beam instrumentation, the harp is placed inside the vacuum chamber or beam line in direct exposure to the beam profile to be measured, whereas the related readout electronics is placed outside somewhere at a convenient place. Here, a harp has been developed along with the readout electronics as an integrated part of it and both were placed inside the beam line vacuum (order of 10−7 Torr) to make the system much simpler, easy to operate, and measure small beam current more accurately. The entire signal conversion and processing is done inside the vacuum unlike other systems; hence, the electronics is kept inside. This results in a lesser number (only 4 pin) of electrical connections (feedthrough) including power which otherwise would have required 32 feedthrough pins only for signal readout for a 13 × 13 (X × Y) channel harp. This paper describes a completely new approach to the design of a conventional beam harp widely used for beam instrumentation.
Photoacoustic signal and noise analysis for Si thin plate: Signal correction in frequency domain
Authors: Markushev D. D. , Rabasović M. D. , Todorović D. M. , Galović S. , Bialkowski S. E.
Published: March 2015

Methods for photoacoustic signal measurement, rectification, and analysis for 85 μm thin Si samples in the 20-20 000 Hz modulation frequency range are presented. Methods for frequency-dependent amplitude and phase signal rectification in the presence of coherent and incoherent noise as well as distortion due to microphone characteristics are presented. Signal correction is accomplished using inverse system response functions deduced by comparing real to ideal signals for a sample with well-known bulk parameters and dimensions. The system response is a piece-wise construction, each component being due to a particular effect of the measurement system. Heat transfer and elastic effects are modeled using standard Rosencweig-Gersho and elastic-bending theories. Thermal diffusion, thermoelastic, and plasmaelastic signal components are calculated and compared to measurements. The differences between theory and experiment are used to detect and correct signal distortion and to determine detector and sound-card characteristics. Corrected signal analysis is found to faithfully reflect known sample parameters.
Carrier injection dynamics in heterojunction solar cells with bipolar molecule
Authors: Takahashi Yosuke , Yasuda Takeshi , Yonezawa Kouhei , Moritomo Yutaka
Published: March 2015

A boron subphthalocyanine chloride (SubPc) is a bipolar molecule and is used in hetero-junction organic solar cells. Here, we investigated the carrier injection dynamics from the donor α-sexithiophene (6T) or acceptor C60 layers to the bipolar SubPc layer by means of the femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy. We observed gradual increase of the SubPc– (SubPc+) species within ≈300 ps. The increases are interpreted in terms of the exciton diffusion within the 6T (C60) layer and subsequent electron (hole) injection at the interface. In 6T/SubPc heterojunction, the electron injection is observed even at 80 K. The robust electron injection is ascribed to the efficient charge separation within the 6T layer under photo exciation at 400 nm.
Applied quantum chemistry: Spectroscopic detection and characterization of the F2BS and Cl2BS free radicals in the gas phase
Authors: Jin Bing , Sheridan Phillip M. , Clouthier Dennis J.
Published: March 2015

In this and previous work [D. J. Clouthier, J. Chem. Phys. 141, 244309 (2014)], the spectroscopic signatures of the X2BY (X = H, halogen, Y = O, S) free radicals have been predicted using high level ab initio theory. The theoretical results have been used to calculate the electronic absorption and single vibronic level (SVL) emission spectra of the radicals under typical jet-cooled conditions. Using these diagnostic predictions, the previously unknown F2BS and Cl2BS free radicals have been identified and characterized. The radicals were prepared in a free jet expansion by subjecting precursor mixtures of BF3 or BCl3 and CS2 vapor to an electric discharge at the exit of a pulsed molecular beam valve. The B̃2A1–X̃2B2 laser-induced fluorescence spectra were found within 150 cm−1 of their theoretically predicted positions with vibronic structure consistent with our Franck-Condon simulations. The B̃2A1 state emits down to the ground state and to the low-lying Ã2B1 excited state and the correspondence between the observed and theoretically derived SVL emission Franck-Condon profiles was used to positively identify the radicals and make assignments. Excited state Coriolis coupling effects complicate the emission spectra of both radicals. In addition, a forbidden component of the electronically allowed B̃–X̃ band system of Cl2BS is evident, as signaled by the activity in the b2 modes in the spectrum. Symmetry arguments indicate that this component gains intensity due to a vibronic interaction of the B̃2A1 state with a nearby electronic state of 2B2 symmetry.
Submicron cubic boron nitride as hard as diamond
Authors: Liu Guoduan , Kou Zili , Yan Xiaozhi , Lei Li , Peng Fang , Wang Qiming , Wang Kaixue , Wang Pei , Li Liang , Li Yong , Li Wentao , Wang Yonghua , Bi Yan , Leng Yang , He Duanwei
Published: March 2015

Here, we report the sintering of aggregated submicron cubic boron nitride (sm-cBN) at a pressure of 8 GPa. The sintered cBN compacts exhibit hardness values comparable to that of single crystal diamond, fracture toughness about 5-fold that of cBN single crystal, in combination with a high oxidization temperature. Thus, another way has been demonstrated to improve the mechanical properties of cBN besides reducing the grain size to nano scale. In contrast to other ultrahard compacts with similar hardness, the sm-cBN aggregates are better placed for potential industrial application, as their relative low pressure manufacturing perhaps be easier and cheaper.
Numerical simulations of the two-dimensional multimode Richtmyer-Meshkov instability
Authors: Thornber B. , Zhou Y.
Published: March 2015

The two-dimensional Richtmyer-Meshkov instability occurs as shock waves pass through a perturbed material interface, triggering transition to an inhomogeneous turbulence variable density flow. This paper presents a series of large-eddy-simulations of the two dimensional turbulent RM instability and compares the results to the fully three dimensional simulations. There are two aims for this paper, the first is to explore what numerical resolution is required for a statistically converged solution for a two dimensional inhomogeneous flow field. The second aim is to elucidate the key differences in flow physics between the two dimensional and three dimensional Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities, particularly their asymptotic self-similar regime. Convergence is achieved using 64 independent realisations and grid resolutions up to 40962 in the plane. It is shown that for narrowband cases the growth rate θ = 0.48 which is substantially higher than the three-dimensional equivalent. Mix measures are consistently lower compared to three-dimensional, and the kinetic energy distribution is homogeneous at late time. The broadband case has a similar initial growth rate as the three-dimensional case, with a marginally lower θ = 0.63. Mix is similar in magnitude, but is reducing at late time. The spectra in both cases exhibit the dual-cascade expected from two-dimensional turbulence.
Solution-processed Al-chelated gelatin for highly transparent non-volatile memory applications
Authors: Chang Yu-Chi , Wang Yeong-Her
Published: March 2015

Using the biomaterial of Al-chelated gelatin (ACG) prepared by sol-gel method in the ITO/ACG/ITO structure, a highly transparent resistive random access memory (RRAM) was obtained. The transmittance of the fabricated device is approximately 83% at 550 nm while that of Al/gelatin/ITO is opaque. As to the ITO/gelatin/ITO RRAM, no resistive switching behavior can be seen. The ITO/ACG/ITO RRAM shows high ON/OFF current ratio (>105), low operation voltage, good uniformity, and retention characteristics at room temperature and 85 °C. The mechanism of the ACG-based memory devices is presented. The enhancement of these electrical properties can be attributed to the chelate effect of Al ions with gelatin. Results show that transparent ACG-based memory devices possess the potential for next-generation resistive memories and bio-electronic applications.
Size effect of strong-coupled superconducting In2Bi nanoparticles: An investigation of short-range electron phonon coupling
Authors: Lin Po-Yu , Gandhi Ashish Chhaganlal , Wu Sheng Yun
Published: March 2015

We report the influence of the nanosized effect on the superconducting properties of bimetallic In2Bi nanoparticles. In this study, the temperature- and applied magnetic field-dependence of the magnetization were utilized to investigate the electron-phonon coupling effect while controlling particle sizes 〈d〉 from 21(2) to 42(5) nm. As the particle size decreases, the electron-phonon constant λEP decreases rapidly, signaling the short-range electron-phonon coupling effect which acts to confine the electrons within a smaller volume, thereby giving rise to a higher superconducting transition temperature TC. An enhanced superconducting transition was observed from the temperature dependence of magnetization, revealing a main diamagnetic Meissner state below TC ∼ 5.72(5) K for 〈d〉 = 31(1) nm In2Bi nanoparticles. The variation of the TC is very sensitive to the particle size, which might be due to crystallinity and size uniformity of the samples. The electron-phonon coupling to low lying phonons is found to be the leading mechanism for the observed strong-coupling superconductivity in the In2Bi system.
Interface engineering for efficient fullerene-free organic solar cells
Authors: Shivanna Ravichandran , Rajaram Sridhar , Narayan K. S.
Published: March 2015

We demonstrate the role of zinc oxide (ZnO) morphology and addition of an acceptor interlayer to achieve high efficiency fullerene-free bulk heterojunction inverted organic solar cells. Nanopatterning of the ZnO buffer layer enhances the effective light absorption in the active layer, and the insertion of a twisted perylene acceptor layer planarizes and decreases the electron extraction barrier. Along with an increase in current homogeneity, the reduced work function difference and selective transport of electrons prevent the accumulation of charges and decrease the electron-hole recombination at the interface. These factors enable an overall increase of efficiency to 4.6%, which is significant for a fullerene-free solution-processed organic solar cell.
The importance of corona generation and leader formation during laser filament guided discharges in air
Authors: Schmitt-Sody Andreas , French David , White William , Lucero Adrian , Roach William P. , Hasson Victor
Published: March 2015

Images taken with an intensified CCD camera show the dynamics during filament guided discharge events. The images reveal that filament initiated corona plays a role in the presented results. Furthermore, the images show the formation of leaders, propagating and eventually bridging the gap between the high voltage (HV) electrodes. Analysis of the images and comparison to oscilloscope traces of voltage and current dynamics reveal the origin of the delay between the filament and HV discharge and allows for a probability of discharge analysis.
Insulating-layer formation of metallic LaNiO3 on Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrate
Authors: Yoo Hyang Keun , Chang Young Jun , Moreschini Luca , Kim Hyeong-Do , Sohn Chang Hee , Sinn Soobin , Oh Ji Seop , Kuo Cheng-Tai , Bostwick Aaron , Rotenberg Eli , Noh Tae Won
Published: March 2015

We investigated the electronic structures of strongly correlated metallic LaNiO3 (LNO) and semiconducting Nb-doped SrTiO3 (Nb:STO) heterostructures by varying the LNO film thickness using in situ photoemission spectroscopy. We found that, contrary to other interfaces with SrTiO3 and LaAlO3, insulating LNO layers are formed between metallic LNO layers and Nb:STO. Such behavior seems to be related with an electron transfer from Nb:STO to LNO due to Schottky-barrier formation at the interface.
InP-based type-I quantum well lasers up to 2.9 μm at 230 K in pulsed mode on a metamorphic buffer
Authors: Gu Y. , Zhang Y. G. , Ma Y. J. , Zhou L. , Chen X. Y. , Xi S. P. , Du B.
Published: March 2015

This work reports on up to 2.9 μm lasing at 230 K of InP-based type-I quantum well lasers. This record long wavelength lasing is achieved by applying InP-based Sb-free structures with eight periods of strain-compensated InAs quantum wells grown on metamorphic In0.8Al0.2As template layers. The continuous-wave threshold current density is 797 A/cm2 and the idealized extrapolated threshold current density for infinite cavity length is as low as 58 A/cm2 per quantum well at 120 K. This scheme is a promising pathway for extending the wavelength range of type-I quantum well lasers on InP substrates.
Harbour Bathing and the Urban Transition of Water in Copenhagen: Junctions, Mediators, and Urban Navigations
Authors: Jensen Jens Stissing , Lauridsen Erik Hagelskjær , Fratini Chiara Farné , Hoffmann Birgitte
Published: March 2015

In 2002 the first public harbour swimming bath in the inner harbour of Copenhagen opened. By translating the old industrial harbour into a site of urban living and recreation, the practice of swimming in the harbour has been instrumental in aligning and catalysing a series of broader urban transformations pertaining to the wastewater infrastructure, industrial activities, urban development, and international marketing of the city. Through a study of the processes by which swimming in the harbour came into being as a transformative urban practice, we develop a navigational conceptualisation of urban transition processes. Our study suggests that the creation of the first harbour bath was not the end result of an overall master plan. Rather, we demonstrate that the harbour baths were the outcome of a contingent interplay among embedded actors' myopic and navigational actions over a period of twenty years. In order to conceptualise what provoked these navigational actions and how they translated into transformative urban change, we develop the notions of junctions and transition mediators. We introduce the notion of junctions to understand how navigations are provoked. Junctions are signified by particular sites with identities that have been rendered unstable due to tensions and ambiguities among the established sociomaterial assemblages by which they are configured. We argue that navigations signify sociomaterial repair work aimed at addressing such junctions. To conceptualise how such navigations might translate into coordinated urban transformations, we introduce the notion of transition mediators. A transition mediator is an artefact—such as the harbour baths—that succeeds in generating transformative change by displacing the boundaries and interdependencies within and among the established sociomaterial assemblages of the urban fabric.
Waterfall City (Johannesburg): Privatized Urbanism in Extremis
Authors: Murray Martin J
Published: March 2015

Located halfway between Johannesburg and Pretoria, the mixed-use megadevelopment called Waterfall City is a master-planned, holistically designed, urban enclave built entirely from scratch on 2200 ha of vacant land. This expansive city-building project at Waterfall City combines a hypermodernist stress on ‘smart’ growth, cutting-edge technologies, and state-of-the-art infrastructure with the New Urbanist focus on mixed-use facilities, a human-scale built environment, and pedestrian-friendly precincts. By performing all the conventional functions expected of a municipal administration, the real estate developers at Waterfall City have effectively replaced public authority with private management and control. With its private governance structures and ‘go-it-alone’ mentality, Waterfall City is an exemplary expression of a privately managed municipality that falls within the broad tradition of company towns, treaty concessions, free ports, and independent city-states. Apart from its sheer size and scale and administrative autonomy, the outstanding feature of Waterfall City is its unique blend of stern religious conformity (grounded in a traditional interpretation of Islamic principles) combined with a forward-looking commitment to private enterprise and consumerist consumption.
Urban Social Movements and the Struggle for Affordable Housing in the Globalizing City of Tel Aviv-Jaffa
Authors: Schipper Sebastian
Published: March 2015

Facing a severe housing crisis since 2008 and under pressure from an unprecedented social protest movement (particularly in 2011), the city of Tel Aviv has become an institutional laboratory for innovative experiments in housing regulation. Against this background, the author analyzes whether these recent shifts point towards a post-neoliberal transformation and a partial decommodification of housing in the interest of both middle-class and lower-class households. The empirical evidence used in this research stems mainly from a media analysis and thirty-three semistructured interviews conducted with political activists, housing experts, local politicians, and urban planners. This study shows that local political elites did indeed develop a number of affordable housing projects, while being less reluctant than their national counterparts to intervene in market pricing. However, these pioneering regulatory experiments hardly point towards a post-neoliberal direction. Despite small-scale market interventions, local decision makers define ‘affordable housing’ not in terms of social justice but, rather, by emphasizing the negative impact of rising housing prices on the global competitiveness of Tel Aviv. Accordingly, all innovative experiments in housing regulation focus exclusively on the needs and possibilities of middle-class households whose skilled labor power is seen as an essential economic asset for Tel Aviv's global city strategy. In addition to this, affordable housing projects are framed as tools to redevelop and gentrify the city's poorer southern and southeastern neighborhoods. As such, the author concludes that this clear class bias reflects a continuity of urban neoliberalism. Due to pressure from mass protests, the political elites may have changed their discourse but not their basic political agendas. These outcomes are explained by the lingering cohesion of local power relations and the strategic selectivity of the local state, since municipal public finances in Tel Aviv are heavily dependent on ground rent appropriation and, thus, entrepreneurial urban development strategies.
The Role of ‘Persistent Resilience’ within Everyday Life and Polity: Households Coping with Marginality within the ‘Big Society’
Authors: Andres Lauren , Round John
Published: March 2015

As Europe's current economic crisis continues many households are developing new coping strategies in response to the pressures of everyday life. This paper explores such practices within Birmingham's Castle Vale housing estate, drawing on the increasing engagement within the social sciences with notions of resilience. This concept, originating from engineering, psychology, and disaster management, is increasingly used in urban and economic geography, and is becoming influential on state policy. This paper furthers its current usages by proposing the concept of ‘persistent resilience’, whereby households, and their networks, develop responses not just to ‘shocks’, but also to more long-term processes, such as the changing nature of employment and/or responses to constantly altering state policies. This form of resilience has significant policy relevance, as it can be seen, albeit under different names, at the heart of the British government's ‘Big Society’ project, within which communities are to be empowered to steer their development while ‘big government’ withdraws. This paper argues, however, that there is an inherent tension within such assumptions of community-led development, as they do not consider the spaces in which it takes place. As the paper demonstrates, ‘persistent resilience’ is often formed in the semiformal/informal spaces of everyday life, which, in many cases, will be destroyed by cuts to government funding to communities. Thus, the paper calls for a more nuanced, everyday understanding of resilience and the spaces within which it is formed and transmitted.
Fiscal decentralization in specific areas of government: an empirical evaluation using country panel data
Authors: Letelier-Saavedra Leonardo E , Sáez-Lozano José L
Published: March 2015

While there is an extensive list of publications to explain fiscal decentralization across countries and over time, with this being defined as the share of all subnational government expenditure compared with that of the general government, a vacuum still exists when it comes to a similar analysis for the separate functions of the state. This research addresses that challenge by estimating an empirical model that explains the fiscal decentralization of six specific public goods. Since the data available from the International Monetary Fund, as well as from other sources, are incomplete, an imputation procedure is conducted in order to produce a balanced panel of forty-four countries. As opposed to studies based on subnational expenditure as a whole, our results suggest that, generally, fiscal decentralization does not exhibit the same pattern across specific government functions. This entails important policy lessons, as it suggests that fiscal decentralization should not be seen as an all-across-the-board strategy to modernize the state.
Environmental Research from Here and There: Numerical Modelling Labs as Heterotopias
Authors: Laborde Sarah
Published: March 2015

This paper examines the production of local and remote knowledge about the flows of a large Italian lake (Lake Como) on the basis of a dual ethnographic engagement with lake fishermen and computer modellers. The focus is the relationship between these two ways of knowing a lake, in relation to the lake itself and the places where the knowledge is produced. I first argue that despite being seemingly located at different edges of the environmental knowledge spectrum—the local and the remote and computer-mediated—the fishermen's and scientists' knowledges emerge from similar forms of skilled engagement in their respective environments. In other words, knowledge develops in place and fisherman and scientist do not know the same place in different ways; rather they know different places in similar ways. This raises the question of what kind of places these environmental modelling labs and offices are, and how they relate to the places they talk about, which are located elsewhere. I propose here the use of Michel Foucault's concept of heterotopia to model this complex articulation of the ‘here’ and ‘there’ in environmental modelling.
Reactivity of β-Diketiminato Magnesium Alkyl Complexes: Heterocumulenes and Phosphanes
Authors: Taylor Morgan J. , Coles Martyn P. , Fulton J. Robin
Published: March 2015

Heteroleptic β-diketiminate/amidinate magnesium complexes {(BDI)Mg[MeC(NCy)2]} and {(BDI)Mg[BnC(NCy)2]} (Bn = CH2C6H5; BDI = {[N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)C(Me)]2CH}) were synthesised by treatment of [(BDI)MgR(THF)] (R = Me, Bn) with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. Rare terminal magnesium phosphanide complexes [(BDI)Mg(PR′2)(THF)] (R′ = Cy, Ph) were synthesised through prolonged exposure of [(BDI)MgMe(THF)] with di-substituted phosphines. Spectroscopic and structural details of these complexes will be discussed.
Monitoring live fuel moisture in semiarid environments using L-band radar data
Authors: Tanase M. A. , Panciera R. , Lowell K. , Aponte C.
Published: March 2015

Timely information on spatial variation of live fuel moisture is critical for fire risk assessment and behaviour modelling. Using an airborne synthetic aperture radar system, the sensitivity of radar data to live fuel (i.e. canopy foliage) moisture was evaluated. Field and airborne measurements were collected over a 3-week period in a semiarid Australian forest dominated by white cypress pine (Callitris glaucophylla). Linear regression models were used to relate equivalent water thickness and live fuel moisture content to backscatter intensity and polarimetric decomposition components. Results showed that radar systems can provide estimates of live fuel moisture with similar or better accuracies for both equivalent water thickness (R2 = 0.7–0.8, root mean squared error (RMSE) = 15%) and live fuel moisture content (R2 = 0.6–0.7, RMSE = 10%) than those achieved in previous studies using optical-based vegetation indices. It was also possible to estimate soil moisture under the forest canopy with accuracies of 0.05 volume/volume (v v–1) (R2 = 0.5–0.6). This is particularly relevant in the context of fire management because moisture availability of fine fuels is related to soil water content.
“Hätte, wäre, wenn…”
Authors: Maden-Weinberger Ursula
Published: March 2015

The German subjunctive mood (‘Konjunktiv’) is a grammatical feature that attests to the freedom of human beings to step out of the boundaries of their immediate situation and explore new possibilities in hypothetical scenarios. It therefore plays a pivotal role in advanced learner argumentative writing, but due to its highly complex nature regarding both form and usage, the ‘Konjunktiv’ challenges learners on virtually all levels of linguistic knowledge. This paper presents the first learner corpus-based study of this phenomenon with a two-pronged Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis approach: comparing learner data to native-speaker data and learner data at different levels of proficiency using the Corpus of Learner German (CLEG). The investigation seeks to explain the detected patterns of over-, under- and misuse and developmental paths by drawing on cognitive theories of second language acquisition.
The importance of task variability in the design of learner corpora for SLA research
Authors: Tracy-Ventura Nicole , Myles Florence
Published: March 2015

This cross-sectional study investigates task variability focusing on the use of Spanish past tense morphology in a spoken learner corpus. Sixty L2 learners of Spanish (English L1) from three different proficiency levels (20 per group) and fifteen native speakers completed three communicative tasks (a guided interview, a picture-based narrative, and a historical figures description) and an experimental task, all designed to investigate the acquisition of tense and aspect in L2 Spanish. Data were transcribed in CHAT, and analysed and coded using a specially created interactive coding program that works in combination with the CLAN program (MacWhinney 2000). Results demonstrate significant differences in the emergence and accurate use of past tense morphology across tasks. An additional analysis showed that the less controlled tasks encouraged few instances of more advanced features, suggesting that not all task types are equally successful at eliciting the range of tense-aspect morphological contrasts theoretically relevant for SLA research on tense and aspect.
EFL and/vs. ESL?
Authors: Gries Stefan Th. , Deshors Sandra C.
Published: March 2015

The study of learner language and that of indigenized varieties are growing areas of English-language corpus-linguistic research, which are shaped by two current trends: First, the recognition that more rigorous methodological approaches are urgently needed (with few exceptions, existing work is based on over-/under-use frequency counts that fail to unveil complex non-native linguistic patterns); second, the collective effort to bridge an existing “paradigm gap” (Sridhar & Sridhar 1986) between EFL and ESL research.

This paper contributes to these developments by offering a multifactorial analysis of seventeen lexical verbs in the dative alternation in speech and writing of German/French learners and Hong Kong/India/Singapore English speakers. We exemplify the advantages of hierarchical mixed-effects modeling, which allows us to control for speaker and verb-specific effects, but also for the hierarchical structure of the corpus data. Second, we address the theoretical question of whether EFL and ESL represent discrete English varieties or a continuum.
Protein arginine methyltransferase 10 is required for androgen-dependent proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells
Authors: Harada Naoki , Takagi Toshiki , Nakano Yoshihisa , Yamaji Ryoichi , Inui Hiroshi
Published: March 2015

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is the master regulator of prostate cell growth. Here, to better understand AR signaling, we searched for AR-interacting proteins by yeast two-hybrid screening and identified protein arginine methyltransferase 10 (PRMT10) as one of the interacting proteins. PRMT10 was highly expressed in reproductive tissues, such as prostate. Immunostaining showed that PRMT10 was expressed in the nucleus of both epithelia and stroma of rat prostate. In human prostate cancer LNCaP cells, PRMT10 co-immunoprecipitated with AR in both the presence and absence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Knockdown of PRMT10 by siRNA decreased DHT-dependent LNCaP cell growth and induction of prostate-specific antigen, an AR-target gene, without apparent loss of AR. DHT decreased PRMT10 at both the mRNA and protein levels. The decrease in PRMT10 was canceled by knockdown of AR or an AR antagonist. These results indicate that PRMT10 plays an important role in androgen-dependent proliferation of prostate cancer cells.