bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Welcome and Appeal for the “Maid of Dundee”’: Constructing the Female Working-Class Bard in Ellen Johnston’s Correspondence Poetry, 1862–1867
Authors: Garrard Suz
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores the significant role of the press in the cultivation of class-based networks of female readers. The essay takes for its focus the Scottish poet Ellen Johnston’s (c.1830–74) ‘conversations in verse,’ conducted with her working-class correspondents within the letters page of a Glasgow newspaper, the Penny Post (153). Writing under the pseudonym ‘The Factory Girl,’ Johnston was in fact a woman writing in her late twenties and thirties, which once again indicates the malleability of ‘the girl’ as a site of identification for female authors and readers alike. The poetic exchanges between ‘The Factory Girl’ and her working-class female correspondents demonstrate the radical potential of the letters page. As a space co-opted by female readers and writers for the development of ‘their own system of writing and mentoring,’ the letters page is here shown to have destabilised the ‘material and social limitations of class by enabling conversations between marginalised authors that would not have otherwise occurred’ (158-59). These intimate poetic exchanges in the public space of the newspaper are read as a political intervention through which women sought to ‘achieve upward social and cultural–if not economic–mobility’ (154).
The Editor of the Period: Alice Corkran, the Girl’s Realm, and the Woman Editor
Authors: Rodgers Beth
Published: January 2020

In this essay, Beth Rodgers focuses attention on a middle-class monthly periodical that was self-consciously modern in its outlook, especially in terms of the models of girlhood it advanced. In addition to encouraging girls to cultivate lives outside the home through education and employment, the Girl’s Realm (1898–1915) further embodied its progressive 1890s moment through the prominent textual presence of its female editor, Alice Corkran (c.1847–1915). Through an analysis of Corkran’s monthly ‘Chat With the Girl of the Period’ column, Rodgers not only shows how the editor served as an exemplar of modern, female professionalism for the magazine’s girl readers but also demonstrates the significant platform afforded to those readers within the editorial space.
Vicarious Pleasures: Photography, Modernity, and Mid-Victorian Domestic Journalism
Authors: Boman Charlotte
Published: January 2020

Family magazines such as the Leisure Hour (1852–1905) and All the Year Round (1859–95) featured articles on the rise of new visual media technologies, linking them to domestic consumption and a rapidly shifting urban environment. In this essay, Charlotte Boman focuses specifically on the stereoscope, which became popular after being introduced to the public at the Great Exhibition (1851). Photography was a frequent topic of discussion in the mid-Victorian periodical press and played a key role in constructing the relationship between middle-class domesticity and the urban environment, demonstrating the ‘reciprocity between graphic and verbal culture and the resulting erosion of the private-public dichotomy’ (p. 216). Because women were so closely associated with privacy and domestic life, urban photography had the effect of unsettling conventional gender relations and destabilising the divide between public and private space.
Reading Poet Amy Levy through Victorian Newspapers
Authors: Hughes Linda K.
Published: January 2020

In this essay, Linda K. Hughes casts light on Amy Levy’s (1861–89) dexterous placement of her poetry in carefully selected newspapers throughout the 1880s. Levy is perhaps best known for her novels and three published volumes of poetry, as well as for her associations with various intellectual and political coteries in fin de siècle London; however, she was, in fact, ‘entrepreneurial’ in her dealings with the daily and weekly newspapers she published in throughout the 1880s, often ‘submitting in a verse medium that had already found favor with the editors’ (p. 459). The significance of media publishing contexts for Levy’s career has been underplayed in scholarship of the author, yet, as Hughes cautions, to obscure this dimension of her authorship is ‘to miss a crucial dimension of her work, even to distort her achievement and her engagement with the publishing world’ (p. 456). What emerges from this account is an entirely new perspective on Levy as a savvy and strategic newspaper poet, with a perspicacious understanding of poetry’s relationship with ‘audience, placement, and opportunity in the Victorian press’ (p.457).
‘I simply write it to order’: L. T. Meade, Sisters of Sherlock, and the Strand Magazine
Authors: Clarke Clare
Published: January 2020

Clare Clarke’s essay illuminates the adroit professionalism of the Irish author, journalist, and editor L. T. Meade (1844–1914) in the context of the extensive catalogue of detective fiction she contributed to the Strand Magazine (1891–1950). Meade’s foray into the detective genre followed an enormously successful period of writing novels for girls, as well as a stint at editing the girls’ magazine Atalanta (1887–98). As Clarke demonstrates, this radical departure from her literary focus on girls’ print culture is indicative of Meade’s ‘market acuity, her ability to produce precisely those genres which were in demand by periodical editors–in her own terms, her ability to give a literary editor “what his public want[s]”’ (p. 474). Meade’s talent for tapping into market trends and producing copy that catered to the tastes of readers ultimately secured her position as a regular contributor in the male-dominated Strand Magazine.
The Response of the Late Victorian Feminist Press to Same-Sex Desire Controversies
Authors: Youngkin Molly
Published: January 2020

Molly Youngkin’s essay investigates the heterosexism of a fin de siècle feminist newspaper, the Women’s Penny Paper (1894–99, later retitled the Women’s Herald and the Woman’s Signal), highlighting its treatment of three controversies: the Oscar Wilde trials, the death of poet Amy Levy, and the emergence of Sappho as a model of lesbian new womanhood. When the paper did address these controversies it ‘reshaped narratives about this [same-sex] desire to fit its own heterosexist agenda,’ responded in a disapproving way, or avoided a discussion of sexuality entirely (p. 543). The overall effect of this editorial bias was to pursue an ‘overarching agenda of advocating for heterosexual women’ and to reinforce social purity debates about ‘the effects of men’s sexual practices on heterosexual women and their families’ (p. 544). These feminist papers thus constructed the ‘other’ in ways that upheld restrictive conventions of race and sexuality while claiming to be vehicles of progressive thought.
Ministers and Nahdawi Masculinity: The Beirut Church Controversy
Authors: Womack Deanna Ferree
Published: January 2020

The gendered dimensions of institutional Protestantism and the rough edges of missionary authority come to the forefront in chapter 4, which considers the various printed media that Syrian Protestant men employed to assert their masculinity and claim independence from male missionary authority. Tracing the history of the Syrian Evangelical Church of Beirut and its connection to the Nahda, this chapter uses an anti-missionary publication from the turn of the century to examine the asymmetrical relationship between (male) Presbyterian missionaries and Syrian pastors on the one hand, and between Protestant men and women in Syria on the other. Multiple forms of patriarchy operated in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Beirut during church controversies involving missionary Henry Harris Jessup and the prominent Syrian Protestant Khail Sarkis.
Tennyson’s ‘Tithonus’ and the Revision of Wordsworth’s ‘Tintern Abbey’
Authors: Thomas Jayne
Published: January 2020

This chapter examines the Wordsworthian echoes and borrowings in the 1860 dramatic monologue ‘Tithonus’, revealing ‘Tithonus’, and, in part the earlier ‘Tithon’ on which it is based, as a rewriting of the relationship between mind and nature, of the self reencountering itself in time, as it appears in Wordsworth’s ‘Tintern Abbey’ (1798). In reworking Wordsworth’s interaction between mind and nature, ‘Tithonus’ is consolidating a new poetic alongside revising what has ostensibly become an outdated poetic trope. The revisions, in part, free Tennyson from the universal subjectivity of the lyric speaker, thereby strengthening the strategies of the monologue. Yet, Tennyson’s borrowings and echoes create effects that the poet cannot fully control, feeding, compromising, directing, and, ultimately, supporting the poem.
Crowned Anarchy-Anarchy-Anarchism – Countereffectuating Deleuze and Guattari’s Politics
Authors: Eloff Aragorn
Published: January 2020

In this chapter I propose that Deleuze and Guattari's work does in fact suggest an anarchist political sensibility; an anarchism that is able both to analyse and respond effectively to the conditions of the present and to propose and create something genuinely new. In fact, I argue, it is perhaps only anarchism - a life politics of anarchism that is the differenciation of anarchy as the becoming of the crowned anarchy and nomadic distributions of the virtual - that sufficiently responds to the full scope of the political philosophy Deleuze and Guattari developed throughout their lives, which is perhaps why so many anarchists have come to recognise aspects of their theories and practices in the active nihilism of joyful encounters.
‘Visible Invisibility’ as Machinic Resistance
Authors: Hubatschke Christoph
Published: January 2020

This chapter discusses Deleuze, Guattari and anarchism in terms of contemporary anarchist praxis. Specifically, Christoph Hubatschke thinks about the politics of the face. In the wake of the events of 1968, Guattari, impressed by this extraordinary revolutionary upheaval, wrote a short text entitled Machine and Structure. In this text, Guattari introduced the notion of the machine for the first time in order to describe a new form of chaosmotic organising – a form of revolutionary politics without a party, without a specified programme and, most importantly, without representation.
Pierre Clastres and the Amazonian War Machine
Authors: Kalyniuk Gregory
Published: January 2020

In addressing the relation between Deleuze’s philosophy and anarchism, no discussion would be complete without considering Pierre Clastres’ ethnographic research on the stateless peoples of the Amazon basin, which forms a key source for the two volumes of Capitalism and Schizophrenia. This chapter focuses on Clastres’ analysis of political power in primitive societies—particularly its regulation through collective levelling mechanisms which avert social division by means of a systematic dispersal of power.
Kennedy and the Democratic political considerations of compromise
Authors: Baron Kevin M.
Published: January 2020

The politics surrounding freedom of information changed with the 1960 election of President Kennedy. Partisan power shifted to unified Democratic government, and the power tensions between the White House and Congress over executive privilege faced new challenges. Congressional Democrats were loath to attack their new president in the same manner that Moss went after Eisenhower, so leadership directed the Moss Subcommittee to back off. While partisan politics dictated that congressional Democrats go easy on Kennedy, congressional Republicans increased attacks on the administration over issues of executive privilege and freedom of information, following the same playbook Moss had used on Eisenhower. Within the CLDC, Moss learned to take another approach to handling the politics of unified Democratic government and in dealing with Kennedy, who was acting on the precedent set by Eisenhower to continue similar policies in denying information. The result would be a deal worked out between Kennedy and Moss to ensure that, going forward, executive privilege would only be invoked with the full authority of the president and by no one else.
Ford and veto bargaining over amending FOIA
Authors: Baron Kevin M.
Published: January 2020

Congress passed the first amendments to FOIA in 1974 over Nixon's objections during the height of the Watergate Scandal. Nixon's expansion in the use and scope of executive privilege not only brought about a Supreme Court decision but pushed Congress into amending FOIA. On the day Nixon resigned from office and Ford was sworn in as president, the FOIA amendment bill was sitting in a conference committee. The conference committee reached out to Ford his first week in office to inform him that a final version of the bill was done and would be passed immediately. Ford asked for time, opening what would become several months of negotiations between the White House and Congress over amending FOIA. Unable to sway Congress enough, Ford threatened to and then ultimately vetoed the amendment bill, which Congress overrode. The interactions between the executive and legislative branches during this bargaining period highlights key factors of understanding the issues of executive privilege and FOIA in the post-Nixon period.
Raymond Aron: An Introduction
Authors: Adair-Toteff Christopher
Published: January 2020

This Introduction discusses Aron’s life and works. It provides an overview of the book’s chapters. It explores Aron’s response to the critical question: “What would you do?”
Italian Politics and Nineteenth-Century British Literature and Culture
Authors: Cove Patricia
Published: January 2020

The nineteenth-century Italian Risorgimento, or ‘resurgence’, re-drew Europe’s map to create a new nation-state: Italy. Italian Politics and Nineteenth-Century British Literature and Culture argues that the Risorgimento radically shaped nineteenth-century British political, literary and cultural landscapes. Crossing borders, political divides and genres, this study examines the intersections of literary works by Mary Shelley, Lady Morgan (Sydney Owenson), Giovanni Ruffini, Wilkie Collins, Elizabeth Barrett Browning and others with journalism, parliamentary records and pamphlets, to establish Britain’s imaginative investment in this seismic geopolitical realignment. This book explores four political focal points of British engagement with Italian unification, moving between two crucial turning points that shaped Europe’s geopolitical map, the 1815 Congress of Vienna and 1861 creation of the Kingdom of Italy, to excavate the unsettling fusion of political optimism and disaffection produced through the collision of British and Italian politics and culture. British and Anglo-Italian responses to the Risorgimento reveal a complicated, decades-long print contest that played out across high literary modes, pamphlets and propaganda, memoirs and travelogues, parliamentary debates, journalism and emerging genres like sensation fiction. This study argues that forging a new state demands both making and unmaking; as the Risorgimento re-mapped Europe’s geopolitical reality, it also reframed how the British saw themselves, their politics and their place within Europe. These chapters demonstrate that the nation-building enterprise of Risorgimento culture was a participatory, international field crossing borders, print forms, political parties and literary genres, which played an invigorating role for British political discourse and print culture.
Outsourcing US Intelligence
Authors: Van Puyvelde Damien
Published: January 2020

In the 21st century, more than any other time, US agencies have relied on contractors to conduct core intelligence functions. This book charts the swell of intelligence outsourcing in the context of American political culture and considers what this means for the relationship between the state, its national security apparatus and accountability within a liberal democracy. Through analysis of a series of case studies, recently declassified documents and exclusive interviews with national security experts in the public and private sectors, the book provides an in-depth and illuminating appraisal of the evolving accountability regime for intelligence contractors.
Security as Politics
Authors: Neal Andrew W.
Published: January 2020

This book argues that while ‘security’ was once an anti-political ‘exception’ in liberal democracies – a black box of secret intelligence and military decision-making at the dark heart of the state – it has now become normalised in professional political life. This represents a direct challenge to critical security studies and securitisation debates and their core assumption that security is a kind of illiberal and undemocratic ‘anti-politics’. The book investigates security from the perspective of professional political practice - historically, sociologically and theoretically. Using an extended UK case study, including interviews with parliamentarians and former security ministers, it examines security politics from the early 1980s to the present day to show how its meaning and practice have changed over time. It explores the history of legislative/executive relations on security, including the reasons for parliamentary exclusion from security policy making such as executive secrecy and parliamentary deference. The book demonstrates that political activity on security has increased to such an extent that it requires a rethink of the assumed pathological relationship between ‘politics’ and ‘security’. Security has been migrating from the realm of exceptional politics to one of ‘normal politics’.
Process Philosophy and Political Liberalism
Authors: Dombrowski Daniel A.
Published: January 2020

In this work two key theses are defended: political liberalism is a processual (rather than a static) view and process thinkers should be political liberals. Three major figures are considered (Rawls, Whitehead, Hartshorne) in the effort to show the superiority of political liberalism to its illiberal alternatives on the political right and left. Further, a politically liberal stance regarding nonhuman animals and the environment is articulated. It is typical for debates in political philosophy to be adrift regarding the concept of method, but from start to finish this book relies on the processual method of reflective equilibrium or dialectic at its best. This is the first extended effort to argue for both political liberalism as a process-oriented view and process philosophy/theology as a politically liberal view. It is also a timely defense of political liberalism against illiberal tendencies on both the right and the left.
Political Liberalism and Process Thought
Authors: Dombrowski Daniel A.
Published: January 2020

Chapter Abstract: This chapter continues the effort to bring together the twin concepts of 'political liberalism' and 'process thought' by tracing the origin and history of political liberalism and by detailing the politically liberal views of Whitehead and Hartshorne. The emphasis is on the ongoing character of both political liberalism and the method by which politically liberal principles are justified.
Organic Marxism and Process Liberalism
Authors: Dombrowski Daniel A.
Published: January 2020

Chapter Abstract: In this chapter the organic Marxism of Philip Clayton and Justin Heinzekehr is examined. The alleged close connection between process thought and Marxism is critiqued. The historical tendency of process thinkers (including Whitehead and Hartshorne) to be political liberals is defended; further, the implicit processuality of political liberalism is made explicit.
Using Free Online Readings to Teach Introduction to American Government
Authors: Kaufman Chelsea
Published: January 2020

Several studies have examined using electronic textbooks as compared to print textbooks, or open educational resources (OER) compared to commercial textbooks. Fewer studies, however, examine the use of free or low-cost online readings that are not an OER textbook or assigned in conjunction with a textbook. In my introductory American Government course, all assigned course readings were items that students could access for free online or through the university library. The use of these free or low-cost materials should have provided similar benefits to students as the adoption of an OER textbook typically would, namely cost savings. At the same time, they could have drawbacks similar to OERs and electronic textbooks, such as students having difficulty finding information within the text or accessing materials if they do not have home Internet access. Furthermore, this approach required more preparatory work for the instructor.
An Experiment in Teaching with Design Thinking
Authors: Raymond Chad
Published: January 2020

This paper presents an experiment in teaching undergraduates with design thinking, a problem-solving methodology. Students participated in a design thinking project—designing games related to course subject—in two different undergraduate courses over a four-year period. The project was modified over time based on observations of students’ behavior and their academic performance with the goal of improving students’ experience of design thinking. These modifications included the introduction of a formal method of creative ideation, evaluating the designs of existing games, and peer feedback on the games designed by students. Some evidence emerged that these changes improved students’ reactions to design thinking but did not impair their ability to acquire course-specific domain knowledge.
Shipwrecked with John Rawls: Decision Making behind a Veil of Ignorance in a Classroom Simulation
Authors: Shaw Greg
Published: January 2020

In a classroom simulation that asks students to allocate scarce resources among a group of varied characters, evidence shows that ignorance of one’s character assignment is strongly associated with a more Rawlsian pattern of distribution. When students do not know which character is their own, they tend to support the most vulnerable as they redistribute resources to ensure that nearly all of the characters can survive and thrive. This is particularly the case when students know that a small portion of their grade is determined by the fate of their character. In contrast, a control group of students who worked through the simulation without consequence for their grades were significantly less redistributive and were more willing to sacrifice weak characters. Implications of students’ choices in the simulation segue nicely with class discussions of American social policy.
Водосборная цистерна эллинистического времени с поселения Вилино (Рассадное) – как погребальное сооружение позднескифской культуры
Authors: Medvedev Gennadii
Published: January 2020

В статье характеризуется водосборная цистерна с поселения Вилино (Рассадное) из Юго-Западного Крыма. Сооружение использовалось во время функционирования усадьбы – с конца IV – до начала III в. до н.э. Поселение входило в состав хоры Херсонеса. В конце II – начале I в. до н.э. на поселении появляется население позднескифской культуры. С этого времени и до конца II в. н.э. – а возможно до первой половины III в. н.э., объект используется как погребальное сооружение.

В цистерне обнаружены останки около 30-ти костяков, а также фрагменты инвентаря характерного для позднескифской культуры Предгорного Крыма. Позже оно было ограблено, а после использовалось как подвальное помещение.
«Дитяче» повсякдення в Гетьманщині ХVІІІ ст. у документах про «дорослі» девіації
Authors: Serdiuk Igor
Published: January 2020

У статті на прикладі справи про зґвалтування неповнолітньої дівчини аналізується інформаційний потенціал судової документації Гетьманщини для вивчення історії дитинства. Показано, що окрім опису злочину такі джерела містять багато важливих подробиць, побутових деталей, вказівок на мотивації дій фігурантів. Такі дані уможливлюють дослідження сприймання дітей, дитячої праці, догляду й опіки над малолітніми.
Позашлюбні діти в документах церковного обліку населення у XVIII – першій половині XIX століття
Authors: Podgorna Anastasiia
Published: January 2020

У статті розглядається різниця у відображенні позашлюбних дітей у метричних книгах і сповідних розписах другої половини XVIII – першої половини XIX ст. Робиться висновок, що на присутності байстрюків у джерелах позначилися не так реалії епохи, як принципи укладання джерел, зокрема і через дві послідовні зміни формуляру ведення метричних книг. Також було розглянуто відображення позашлюбних дітей у сповідних розписах і, зокрема, співставлено дані метричних книг і сповідного розпису, що продемонструвало ретельнішу їх реєстрацію у метричних записах.
«Політична кухня» української ідентичності: гастрономічна традиція як чинник націєтворення у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ століття
Authors: Kazakevych Olga
Published: January 2020

У статті проаналізовано взаємозв’язок між ідентичністю та традиційними стравами на прикладі ситуації, яка склалася в Україні у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Відмічено, що національна кухня асоціювалася з одним із символів національної ідентичності та мала певний вплив на формування етнополітичних світоглядних ідей. Культурні та національні межі в епоху модерного націєтворення, у тому числі, формувалися через традиційні харчові практики. Сучасники неодноразово зверталися до «кулінарної термінології», характеризуючи політичне життя українського народу.
Рефлексії митрополита В. Липківського на виклики перед віруючими у радянській Україні
Authors: Savchuk Tetiana
Published: January 2020

У статті висвітленні рефлексії митрополита Української автокефальної православної церкви В. Липківського на виклики перед православними віруючими у 1920-1930-х рр. Проповіді митрополита віддзеркалили уявлення духовенства про життєві перипетії, світоглядні кризи, що постали перед ними та вірянами в умовах суспільних карколомних змін. Митрополит В. Липківський – український пророк, який передбачив суттєві проблеми людства та християнства у ХХ – ХХІ ст. – десакралізацію особистості, безцерковне та побутове православ’я.
Актуальне дослідження з історії України та міжнародних відносин у Центрально-Східній Європі середини XVII ст.
Authors: Hurzhii Oleksandr
Published: January 2020

Рецензія на книгу: Газін Володимир. "Між Москвою та Варшавою. «Українське питання» у 1654–1667 рр." Монографія. Кам’янець-Подільський: ТОВ «Друкарня Рута», 2019. 372 с.
Доброчинна ініціатива духовенства Волинської губернії щодо заснування та розгортання діяльності релігійних давньосховищ краю
Authors: Kushpetiuk Olena
Published: January 2020

У статті проаналізовано доброчинну ініціативу духовенства Волинської губернії – подвижників музейної справи краю щодо заснування релігійних давньосховищ краю та їх благодійницьку діяльність спрямовану на збір, опрацювання та збереження старожитностей у цих музейних закладах.
Науково-педагогічні кадри Уманського учительського інституту у післявоєнні роки (1946-1954 рр.)
Authors: Dzhahunova Olena
Published: January 2020

У статті показано процес відновлення, розвитку та діяльності Уманського державного учительського інституту після Другої світової війни. Показано стан забезпечення вищого навчального закладу викладацькими кадрами та ставлення до них держави у повоєнний період. Досліджено та проаналізовано динаміку кількісних і якісних характеристик науково-педагогічних кадрів, їх гендерні, національні та партійні особливості.
«Нічого в житті не зрікаюсь» (життєвий шлях та інтелектуальна біографія Ольги Діденко)
Authors: Kutsenko Serhii , Opatskiy Igor , Pyzhianova Nataliia
Published: January 2020

Висвітлено життєвий шлях та інтелектуальну спадщину відомої уманської краєзнавиці, активної діячки пам’яткоохоронного руху другої половини ХХ ст., поетеси та громадської активістки Ольги Петрівни Діденко (1916-2010). Простежено процес формування поглядів О. Діденко, її найближче інтелектуальне оточення й основні досягнення у дослідженні історії Уманщини. Розглянуто інтелектуальну спадщину О. Діденко: опубліковану та підготовлені, але неопубліковані матеріали з етнографії, історії українського мистецтва та результати багаторічних археологічних експедицій.
Римська дипломатія у відносинах з Іраном у часи правління Юстиніана І (527-565)
Authors: Kusovkov Volodymyr
Published: January 2020

У статті розкриваються особливості розвитку пізньоримської дипломатії Юстиніана І у відносинах з Сасанідським Іраном. Автор статті аналізує наступність дипломатичної традиції, що формувалась у Римській імперії від початку взаємодії з іранськими царями у ІІІ ст. Розглядається практика обміну посольствами у мирний і воєнний час, укладання угод та їх стандартні умови. Особлива увага приділяється ролі римських грошових субсидій, як стабілізаційного фактору у відносинах двох імперій. Автор також аналізує обставини укладання та зміст «Вічного миру» (532 р.) та «П’ятдесятилітнього миру» (562 р.).
Соборність як складник розвитку національної ідентичності українців у другій половині ХІХ – першій третині ХХ століття: новітня історіографія
Authors: Semerhei Nataliia
Published: January 2020

У статті розглянуто набуток новітньої історичної науки про ментальний вимір української соборності у другій половині ХІХ – першій третині ХХ століття. З’ясовано, що у чималій кількості історичних синтез про ґенезу української соборності загалом, дослідження місця та ролі соборності у розвитку етноментальної ідентичності українців представлені досить скромно. Виявлено, що історики розглядають українське національно-культурне відродження як період активного формування ідеї та інституційного оформлення української соборності не лише у територіальному, але й у ментальному вимірах. Зазначено, що з-поміж етапів розвитку концепту соборності на ментальному рівні історики називають політизацію національного руху у другій половині ХІХ ст., зустріч східних і західних українців на фронтах Великої війни, проголошення Акта Злуки 1919 року, інтеграцію українських земель у політиці українізації 1920-х років.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Animals in 2019
Authors:   Animals Editorial Office
Published: January 2020

The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not [...]
Review: How Forage Feeding Early in Life Influences the Growth Rate, Ruminal Environment, and the Establishment of Feeding Behavior in Pre-Weaned Calves
Authors: Xiao Jianxin , Alugongo Gibson Maswayi , Li Jinghui , Wang Yajing , Li Shengli , Cao Zhijun
Published: January 2020

The provision of forage to pre-weaned calves has been continuously researched and discussed by scientists, though results associated with calf growth and performance have remained inconsistent. Multiple factors, including forage type, intake level, physical form, and feeding method of both solid and liquid feed, can influence the outcomes of forage inclusion on calf performance. In the current review, we summarized published literature in order to get a comprehensive understanding of how early forage inclusion in diets affects calf growth performance, rumen fermentation, microbiota composition, and the development of feeding behavior. A small amount of good quality forage, such as alfalfa hay, supplemented in the diet, is likely to improve calf feed intake and growth rate. Provision of forage early in life may result in greater chewing (eating and ruminating) activity. Moreover, forage supplementation decreases non-nutritive oral and feed sorting behaviors, which can help to maintain rumen fluid pH and increase the number of cellulolytic bacteria in the rumen. This review argues that forage provision early in life has the potential to affect the rumen environment and the development of feeding behavior in dairy calves. Continued research is required to further understand the long-term effects of forage supplementation in pre-weaned calves, because animal-related factors, such as feed selection and sorting, early in life may persist until later in adult life.
A Machine Vision-Based Method for Monitoring Scene-Interactive Behaviors of Dairy Calf
Authors: Guo Yangyang , He Dongjian , Chai Lilong
Published: January 2020

Requirements for animal and dairy products are increasing gradually in emerging economic bodies. However, it is critical and challenging to maintain the health and welfare of the increasing population of dairy cattle, especially the dairy calf (up to 20% mortality in China). Animal behaviors reflect considerable information and are used to estimate animal health and welfare. In recent years, machine vision-based methods have been applied to monitor animal behaviors worldwide. Collected image or video information containing animal behaviors can be analyzed with computer languages to estimate animal welfare or health indicators. In this proposed study, a new deep learning method (i.e., an integration of background-subtraction and inter-frame difference) was developed for automatically recognizing dairy calf scene-interactive behaviors (e.g., entering or leaving the resting area, and stationary and turning behaviors in the inlet and outlet area of the resting area) based on computer vision-based technology. Results show that the recognition success rates for the calf’s science-interactive behaviors of pen entering, pen leaving, staying (standing or laying static behavior), and turning were 94.38%, 92.86%, 96.85%, and 93.51%, respectively. The recognition success rates for feeding and drinking were 79.69% and 81.73%, respectively. This newly developed method provides a basis for inventing evaluation tools to monitor calves’ health and welfare on dairy farms.
Investigating Age-Related Neural Compensation During Emotion Perception Using Electroencephalography
Authors: Yang Tao , Di Bernardi Luft Caroline , Sun Pei , Bhattacharya Joydeep , Banissy Michael J.
Published: January 2020

Previous research suggests declines in emotion perception in older as compared to younger adults, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we address this by investigating how “face-age” and “face emotion intensity” affect both younger and older participants’ behavioural and neural responses using event-related potentials (ERPs). Sixteen young and fifteen older adults viewed and judged the emotion type of facial images with old or young face-age and with high- or low- emotion intensities while EEG was recorded. The ERP results revealed that young and older participants exhibited significant ERP differences in two neural clusters: the left frontal and centromedial regions (100–200 ms stimulus onset) and frontal region (250–900 ms) when perceiving neutral faces. Older participants also exhibited significantly higher ERPs within these two neural clusters during anger and happiness emotion perceptual tasks. However, while this pattern of activity supported neutral emotion processing, it was not sufficient to support the effective processing of facial expressions of anger and happiness as older adults showed reductions in performance when perceiving these emotions. These age-related changes are consistent with theoretical models of age-related changes in neurocognitive abilities and may reflect a general age-related cognitive neural compensation in older adults, rather than a specific emotion-processing neural compensation.
Bowel Dilatation on Initial Plane Abdominal Radiography May Help to Assess the Severity of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants
Authors: Zvizdic Zlatan , Sefic Pasic Irmina , Dzananovic Amra , Rustempasic Nedzad , Milisic Emir , Jonuzi Asmir , Vranic Semir
Published: January 2020

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common life-threatening gastrointestinal emergency associated with prematurity. Timely diagnosis and adequate treatment are crucial to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the affected infants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of bowel dilatation on plane abdominal radiography (AR) in the early diagnosis and NEC severity in preterm infants. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed initial ARs of 50 preterm infants with NEC ≥ stage II admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a tertiary-care hospital. The largest bowel loops diameters (AD), the latero-lateral diameters of the peduncle of the first lumbar vertebra (L1), and the distance of the upper edge of the first lumbar vertebra and the lower edge of the second one, including the disc space (L1–L2), were measured. All anteroposterior ARs were done in a supine projection on the day of onset of the initial symptoms of NEC. Results: Preterm infants with surgical NEC showed a statistically significant increase in the AD/L1 ratio (p < 0.001) and AD/L1-L2 ratio (p < 0.001) compared with preterm infants with medical NEC. We found no significant association between the site of the most distended bowel loop and the severity of NEC (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Bowel loop distension on initial AR may serve as an additional diagnostic tool in the early diagnosis and severity of stages II/III NEC. Further prospective clinical studies should validate the results from this study.
The Influence of Disc Surface Topography after Vapor Blasting on Wear of Sliding Pairs under Dry Sliding Conditions
Authors: Dzierwa Andrzej , Pawlus Pawel , Zelasko Wieslaw
Published: January 2020

Wear tests were performed using a ball-on-disc tribological tester. In this study, 42CrMo4 steel disc of hardness 40 HRC co-acted with 100Cr6 steel ball with hardness of 60 HRC. Disc surfaces were created using vapor blasting to obtain values of the Sq parameter close to 5 µm. However, other disc surface topography parameters varied. Dry friction tests were carried out. Wear levels of discs and balls were measured using a white light interferometer Talysurf CCI Lite. It was found that the surface topography had a significant impact on tribological properties under dry sliding conditions. The research also allowed to identify significant dependencies between surface topography parameters and wear.
Recrystallization of Single-Crystalline VO2 Microtube Arrays on V2O5 Substrate
Authors: Ma Shuxiang , Zhao Chunwang
Published: January 2020

Single-crystalline VO2 microtube arrays on V2O5 substrate were fabricated through a thermal oxidation route based on resistive heating V foil in air. Four sheets of as-fabricated single-crystalline VO2 microtube arrays on V2O5 substrate were then, respectively, heated to approximately 855 °C and 1660 °C to melt V2O5 or VO2. Thereafter, the melted V2O5 or VO2 was cooled rapidly or slowly to recrystallize the liquid V2O5 or VO2. The morphologies and phases of the recrystallization products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. This study proposes that the peak temperature of heating and the cooling rate are responsible for the recrystallization products of single-crystalline VO2 microtube arrays on V2O5 substrate.
Interaction and Entanglement of a Pair of Quantum Emitters near a Nanoparticle: Analysis beyond Electric-Dipole Approximation
Authors: Kosik Miriam , Słowik Karolina
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we study the collective effects which appear as a pair of quantum emitters is positioned in close vicinity to a plasmonic nanoparticle. These effects include multipole–multipole interaction and collective decay, the strengths and rates of which are modified by the presence of the nanoparticle. As a result, entanglement is generated between the quantum emitters, which survives in the stationary state. To evaluate these effects, we exploit the Green’s tensor-based quantization scheme in the Markovian limit, taking into account the corrections from light–matter coupling channels higher than the electric dipole. We find these higher-order channels to significantly influence the collective rates and degree of entanglement, and in particular, to qualitatively influence their spatial profiles. Our findings indicate that, apart from quantitatively modifying the results, the higher-order interaction channels may introduce asymmetry into the spatial distribution of the collective response.
An Information Ontology for the Process Algebra Model of Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Sulis William
Published: January 2020

The process algebra model has been suggested as an alternative mathematical framework for non-relativistic quantum mechanics (NRQM). It appears to reproduce the wave functions of non-relativistic quantum mechanics to a high degree of accuracy. It posits a fundamental level of finite, discrete events upon which the usual entities of NRQM supervene. It has been suggested that the process algebra model provides a true completion of NRQM, free of divergences and paradoxes, with causally local information propagation, contextuality, and realism. Arguments in support of these claims have been mathematical. Missing has been an ontology of this fundamental level from which the formalism naturally emerges. In this paper, it is argued that information and information flow provides this ontology. Higher level constructs such as energy, momentum, mass, spacetime, are all emergent from this fundamental level.
A Study on the Effect of Performance Factor on GSHP System through Real-Scale Experiments in Korea
Authors: Kim Hongkyo , Nam Yujin , Bae Sangmu , Choi Jae Sang , Kim Sang Bum
Published: January 2020

A ground source heat pump system is one of the high-efficient technologies for space heating and cooling since it uses stable underground temperature. However, in actual application, many situations cannot be achieved due to the unsuitable design of operation. In particular, the design characteristics of buildings with different building load patterns are not reflected by the conventional design method. Moreover, the design capacity of the heat pump can be reduced by designing less capacity than the peak load through the introduction of the heat storage tank, but there is no related quantitative design method. Therefore, in this study, the effect of the ground source heat pump system design factors such as shape, length of the ground heat exchanger, and the capacity of the heat storage tank on the system performance was analyzed. To quantify the effect of such factors on system performance, an experimental plant was constructed and case studies were conducted for each design factor.
Research on the Influence of Vibrations on the Dynamic Characteristics of AC Contactors Based on Energy Analysis
Authors: Sun Shuguang , Cui Jingrui , Du Taihang
Published: January 2020

Aimed at the influence of the vibration environment on the performance degradation of AC contactors, the purpose of this study is to investigate the failure mechanism of AC contactors under vibration conditions. During the closing process of AC contactors, the impact energy of the iron core may change due to the vibration stress, which may have an uncertain effect on the parameters of the dynamic response characteristics of the contact, and affect the working performance and service life of AC contactors. In this paper, a double-E AC contactor is selected as the research object. Based on the calculation of the transient magnetic field of the electromagnetic mechanism, an energy distribution model of the AC contactor is established. Based on this, considering the influence of vibrations and the input electrical energy under different closing phase angles, the energy model of the iron core collision under simple harmonic oscillation is investigated. The steady-state vibration energy at different frequencies and accelerations is calculated, and its influence on the dynamic response parameters of the AC contactor is analyzed. Finally, the simulation model is verified by experimental data. The results show that the energy analysis model can effectively reflect and explain the uncertainty of the dynamic characteristics of AC contactors under vibrations, from the perspective of the mechanism.
Three Decades of Urban Forest and Green Space Research and Practice in Croatia and Slovenia
Authors: Krajter Ostoić Silvija , Vuletić Dijana , Planinšek Špela , Vilhar Urša , Japelj Anže
Published: January 2020

Background and Objectives: Urban forests and green space contribute to human wellbeing. Green infrastructure is recognized by the European Union as a planning tool that contributes to the implementation of many public policies, with urban forests and green space as its main building blocks. Croatia and Slovenia are young democracies and recent members of the European Union. Hence, they also need to contribute to the implementation of those policies. Previous review studies on urban forests and green space rarely addressed scientific or professional publications in those countries. Furthermore, the body of knowledge about urban forest and green space research and practice in post-socialist countries is still rather weak. The goal of the paper is (a) to show that urban forest and green space research and practice is much stronger in these countries than it is possible to assume based only on previous review papers or only by searching Scopus and Web of Science, and (b) to describe publications written by scientists and professionals in the past 30 years. Materials and Methods: We used a trilingual systematic literature review to identify scientific and grey literature in various databases, as well as a snowballing technique, and yielded 211 publications in Croatia and 84 in Slovenia. Results: We identified many more publications on urban forests and green space science and practice in Croatia and Slovenia than it was possible to assume based only on previous review papers and when searching solely publications in English. Croatian authors showed continuity over time in terms of number of publications, while Slovenian publications have been on the rise in the past decade. In both countries, scientific papers were most frequent, and the vast majority of studies addressed capital cities. Croatian publications mainly focused on parks and park-forests, while Slovenian publications focused on urban forests. Interestingly, Croatian authors were affiliated with over 60 organizations, and in comparison to Slovenian authors, have stronger preference towards publishing in their local language. Green space planning and design followed by resource inventory were the most frequent themes. The least addressed themes in both countries were resource management, economic aspects, policy, legislation or governance. Conclusions: Important discussion in the future, especially in Croatia, would be regulation of urban forestry as a profession. Cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary studies, as well as focusing on cities other than capitals in future, can help in addressing issues such as climate change or application of participatory approaches.
Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis; Ranking the Significant Features Using a Random Trees Model
Authors: Joloudari Javad Hassannataj , Hassannataj Joloudari Edris , Saadatfar Hamid , Ghasemigol Mohammad , Razavi Seyyed Mohammad , Mosavi Amir , Nabipour Narjes , Shamshirband Shahaboddin , Nadai Laszlo
Published: January 2020

Heart disease is one of the most common diseases in middle-aged citizens. Among the vast number of heart diseases, coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered as a common cardiovascular disease with a high death rate. The most popular tool for diagnosing CAD is the use of medical imaging, e.g., angiography. However, angiography is known for being costly and also associated with a number of side effects. Hence, the purpose of this study is to increase the accuracy of coronary heart disease diagnosis through selecting significant predictive features in order of their ranking. In this study, we propose an integrated method using machine learning. The machine learning methods of random trees (RTs), decision tree of C5.0, support vector machine (SVM), and decision tree of Chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID) are used in this study. The proposed method shows promising results and the study confirms that the RTs model outperforms other models.