bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Q-H characteristics for heavy crude oil pipeline
Authors: Кутуков Сергей Евгеньевич , Четверткова Ольга Витальевна , Гольянов Андрей Иванович
Published: April 2021

Проблема повышения точности технологических расчетов нефтепроводов обрела особую остроту на фоне модернизации системы обнаружения утечек и разработки программного обеспечения в области планирования грузопотоков в системе магистральных трубопроводов. Расхождение результатов гидравлических расчетов и фактических параметров перекачки вызвано, в частности, такими факторами, как игнорирование мультифазного характера течения нефти (особенно на недогруженных участках нефтепроводов, проложенных по пересеченной местности), отсутствие актуальных данных по состоянию длительно эксплуатируемых труб, применение методик расчета потерь энергии на трение, базирующихся на постулатах классической гидравлики. В настоящей статье авторами предложен метод определения гидравлической характеристики трубопровода на установившемся режиме эксплуатации, перекачивающего неньютоновские реологически сложные нефти в диапазоне малых скоростей сдвига, который предполагает непосредственную интерпретацию экспериментальных данных вискозиметрии и исключает погрешности аппроксимации кривой течения реологической моделью и осреднения параметра вязкости. С этой целью рассмотрены вопросы аномалии вязкости и тиксотропии неньютоновских нефтей. Дано обоснование предлагаемого метода и представлено практическое приложение излагаемой методики на примере анализа гидравлической характеристики магистрального нефтепровода Атырау-Самара, по которому транспортируется смесь нефтей с частично разрушенной внутренней структурой.

The problem of improving the accuracy of technological calculations for oil pipelines has become especially acute against the background of modernization of the leak detection system and development of software in the field of planning cargo flows in the trunk pipeline system. Discrepancy between hydraulic calculation results and actual pumping parameters is caused, in particular, by such factors as ignoring the multiphase oil flow nature (especially in under-loaded sections of oil pipelines laid over rough terrain), the lack of up-to-date data on the state of long-operating pipes, the use of methods for calculating friction-related energy losses based on the postulates of classical hydraulics. In this article, the authors propose a method for determining the hydraulic characteristics of a pipeline at steady state operation, pumping non-Newtonian rheologically complex oils in the range of low shear rates, which implies a direct interpretation of experimental viscometry data, excluding errors in approximating the flow curve by a rheological model and averaging the viscosity parameter. For this purpose, the anomaly of viscosity and thixotropy of non-Newtonian oils are considered. The article provides a substantiation of the proposed method and presents a practical application of the described technique by the example of the analysis of the hydraulic characteristics of the Atyrau-Samara main oil pipeline, through which an oil blend with partially destroyed internal structure is transported.
Ultra Kapasitör Kullan Elektrikli Araç ve Şarj İstasyonu Tasarımı ve Efektif Durumunun Araştırılması
Authors: TAŞDEMİRCİ Çağatay , ÖZKAN Arif
Published: April 2021

Petrolden üretilen fosil yakıtların doğaya olan olumsuz etkileri nedeniyle günümüzde alternatif enerji kaynaklarının daha verimli ve yaygın kullanılması önem kazandı. Taşıtlarda fosil yakıtların kullanımdan uzaklaşılmak istenmesi, elektrikli taşıtların yaygınlaşmasını ve bu alanda yapılan çalışmaları hızlandırdı. Elektrikli taşıtlar konusunda yapılan çalışma ve araştırmalar beraberinde “şarj süresi, maksimum menzil, maliyet ve farklı depolama yöntemleri” gibi başlıkların öneminin artmasına neden oldu. Fakat halan günümüzde bir saati bulan şarj süreleri ve içten yanmalı motor kullanan araçlara göre düşük menzilleri, elektrikli araçların yaygınlaşmasının önündeki en büyük engeller arasında olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Elektrikli araç teknolojisinin ilerlemesi beraberinde yeni depolama ve şarj sistemleri üzerinde araştırmaların yapılmasını da beraberinde getirdi. Modern enerji depolama sistemlerine bir örnek de ultra kapasitörler oldu. Bu kapasitörlerin şarj ve deşarjlarında akım sınırının olmaması ve büyük kapasiteleri erişebilmesi batarya teknolojisine alternatif olarak görülmelerini sağladı. Fakat yüksek şarj akımı gereksinimleri, depolanan enerjinin zaman içerisinde kaybı ve yüksek kapasiteli kondansatör üretiminin zorluğu halan aşılması gereken sorunlar arasındadır.

Bu çalışmada elektrikli taşıtlara için alternatif olabilecek, enerjinin ultra kapasitörlerle depolandığı model bir araç tasarlanmıştır. Kullanılan manyetik şarj sistemleri (kablosuz şarj) ile kısa süreli ve duraklamasız şarj imkanı elde edilmiştir. Üretilen model araç ve şarj istasyonu, klasik bataryalı araç ve bağlantılı hızlı şarj sistemli model ile karşılaştırılmış, avantaj ve dezavantajları incelenmiştir.
Strategies to Reach Nomadic Children During Polio SIAs: Experience in Dadaab and Fafi Sub-Counties of Kenya after the 2013-2014 Polio Outbreak
Authors: Ahmed Abdi H. , Mohamed Gedi , Okeibunor Joseph , Onuekwusi Iheoma , Mkanda Pascal , Okiror Samuel
Published: April 2021

Background: Poliomyelitis, often called polio is a viral paralytic disease caused by Polioviruses. Although all susceptible individuals are at risk of getting infected, only about 1% become paralyzed. During the 2013 Polio Outbreak in Garissa County in Kenya, 50% of the confirmed cases were from the nomadic population although it comprises of only less than 20% of the total population in the county. Following concerns from the Horn of Africa Polio Technical Advisory Group (TAG) regarding inadequate vaccine coverage of nomadic population, several strategies were put in place to improve coverage and Acute Flaccid Paralysis case reporting among nomads in the rest of the planned 2014 polio vaccination campaigns. We describe strategies initiated from April 2014 by the Ministry of Health and partners to reach children in nomadic settlements in the two sub-counties of Dadaab and Fafi of Garissa County. Methods: The strategies involved improving the mapping and tracking of the nomadic population by establishing lists of nomadic settlements obtained from local clan leaders and government administrators, their <5-year-old populations and focal persons. Focal persons were used to mobilise residents in their respective settlements and guide vaccination teams during campaigns. Settlement leaders were sensitised to report cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis. In remote hamlets, trained community health volunteers were used as vaccinators. In such places drugs for common illness were also provided during the campaigns. A tracking tool to monitor nomadic population movement and special tally sheets to capture data were created. Training of vaccination personnel and intense social mobilisation activities was done. Results and conclusion About 2,000 additional children, from both nomadic and non-nomadic areas were reached when the new initiatives were started. For the first time, an actual number of nomadic children accessed was documented. Suspected AFP cases continued to be reported from nomadic settlements, and the number of zero dose children among the nonpolio AFP cases dropped. With modification and improvement, these strategies may be used to take health services such as routine immunisation to nomadic communities and reduce their vulnerability to vaccine preventable disease outbreaks.
Lessons Learnt from Interregional and Interagency Collaboration in Polio Outbreak Response in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Okiror Samuel , Toure Brigitte , Davis Bob , Hydarov Rustum , Ram Bal , Nwogu Chidiadi , Okeibunor Joseph
Published: April 2021

Following the outbreak of poliovirus in the countries in the Horn of Africa, Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia, in two WHO regions, an outbreak response involving the WHO Africa and WHO East and Mediterranean Regions and partner agencies like the UNICEF in East and Southern African was developed. This paper documents response to polio virus outbreak in the Horn of Africa and the lessons learnt for the interregional and inter-agency collaboration on the response. This collaboration led to speedy interruption of the outbreak and within a period of one year the total virus load of 217 in 2013 was brought down to mere six. This resulted from collaborative planning and implementation of activities to boost the hitherto low immunity in the countries andimprove surveillance among others. A number of lesson were generated from the process. Some of the lessons is critical role such collaboration plays in ensuring simultaneous immunity boosting, information and resources sharing, among other. Some challenges were equally encountered, chiefly in the appropriation of authorities. In conclusion, however, one is safe to note that the collaboration was very fruitful given the timely interruption of transmission.
Use of Call Centers in Polio Eradication Efforts in Island Settlement in Chad
Authors: Daleke Lisi Aluma Adele , Koulmini Sam , Kalilou Souley , Igweonu Obianuju , Amadou Kouassi Felix , Alimou Traore Mohamed , Ntezayabo Benoit , Zomahoun Delayo Laurel , Barry Aboubacar , Matela Esanga Aime , Nanko Bagayoko Adama , Mavungu Landu Don Jethro , Aziz Kadai Abdel , Toyma Bondoro , Abakar Sedick Djibrine , Nathei Penaling , Mahamat Daouda , Bohoussou Philbert , Okeibunor Joseph , de Medeiros Narcisse , Rabenarivo Bakoly , Diomande Fabien , Okiror Sam
Published: April 2021

Background: One of the four key strategies of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) is high immunization coverage, with oral polio vaccine as part of routine immunization schedules. However, given the weak routine immunization structures in the African Region, coverage is enhanced with supplemental immunization activities (SIAs), and mop-up immunizations. Unfortunately, anecdotal information show that vaccination teams sometimes omit some catchments areas without immunization. This paper thus describes the use of “Call Centers” in detecting missed populations and taking prompt corrective action. Method: The study was based on review of call records during polio supplemental immunization campaigns in Bol Districts in Chad from February to May 2018. The immunization coverage resulting from these campaigns was compared with that of February 2018. A compilation of data – details on communities, community leaders, and their phone numbers was performed. On the eve of the campaign, community leaders were alerted on the vaccinators’ visitThe community leaders were called on the eve of the campaign to alert them on the visit of the vaccinators. At the end of each day, activities (visits as well) were reviewed at the coordination centres Vaccinators were asked to return to any community where community leaders did not confirm visits). Result: Telephone calls allowed the verification and confirmation of the vaccinators visits in 92% of cases. Villages where vaccination was planned but which were not reached were revisited. More than 1,011 children were caught up through this approach in 10 villages in the Bol district. Conclusion: In conclusion, call centers played significantly higher role in generating covering more children with immunization during immunization campaign.
Implementation of Blended Learning with A STEM Approach to Improve Student Scientific Literacy Skills During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lestari Hana , Rahmawati Ima , Siskandar Ridwan , Dafenta Hadi
Published: April 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has a positive impact on the blended learning system, especially the synchronous and asynchronous aspects of online learning. This study aims to obtain information about how to apply the blended learning model with the STEM approach to students' scientific literacy skills during the COVID pandemic. The research method used was pre-experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. This research was conducted at SMAN 1 Bojong Gede, Bogor Regency in the academic year 2020/2021. The research sample used two class X which have been selected as purposive sampling. The instrument used in this study was a student science literacy test containing 20 question items. The data processing technique was carried out descriptively by calculating the mean and percentage of each item to obtain a description of the students' scientific literacy skills, then the data were analyzed inferentially with paired sample t-test using SPSS version 22 software, to see differences in scientific literacy before and after blended learning with the STEM approach. The results showed that in general, the average scientific literacy skills of students from the application of the blended learning model with the STEM approach had an average score of 85.50 in the good category. For students to have a better understanding of scientific literacy, students' understanding of science should be continuously trained through the blended learning model with the STEM approach.
Globular-to-Spray Transition in Cold Wire Gas Metal Arc Welding
Authors:   American Welding Society, RIBEIRO R. A. , ASSUNÇÃO P. D. C. , DOS SANTOS E. B. F. , BRAGA E. M. , GERLICH A. P.
Published: April 2021

The electrical current required for a transition from globular to spray droplet transfer during gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is determined by the specified wire feed speed in the case of constant-voltage power supplies. Generally, in narrow groove welding, spray transfer is avoided, be-cause this transfer mode can severely erode the groove sidewalls. This work compared the globular-to-spray transition mechanism in cold wire gas metal arc welding (CW-GMAW) vs. standard GMAW. Synchronized high-speed imaging with current and voltage samplings were used to characterize the arc dynamics for different cold wire mass feed rates. Subsequently, the droplet frequency and diameter were estimated, and the parameters for a globular-to-spray transition were assessed. The results suggest that the transition to spray occurs in CW-GMAW at a lower current than in the standard GMAW process. The reason for this difference appears to be linked to an enhanced magnetic pinch force, which is mainly responsible for metal transfer in higher welding current conditions.
Automated Recognition of Weld Pool Characteristics from Active Vision Sensing
Authors:   American Welding Society, CHENG YONGCHAO , WANG QIYUE , JIAO WENHUA , XIAO JUN , CHEN SHUJUN , ZHANG YUMING
Published: April 2021

While penetration occurs underneath the workpiece, the raw information used to detect it during welding must be measurable to a sensor attached to the torch. Challenges are apparent because it is difficult to find such measurable raw information that fundamentally correlates with the phenomena occurring underneath. Additional challenges arise because the welding process is extremely complex such that analytically correlating any raw information to the underneath phenomena is practically impossible; therefore, handcrafted methods to propose features from raw information are human dependent and labor extensive. In this paper, the profile of the weld pool surface was proposed as the raw information. An innovative method was proposed to acquire it by projecting a single laser stripe on the weld pool surface transversely and intercepting its reflection from the mirror-like weld pool surface. To minimize human intervention, which can affect success, a deep-learning-based method was proposed to automatically recognize features from the single-stripe active vision images by fitting a convolutional neural network (CNN). To train the CNN, spot gas tungsten arc welding experiments were designed and conducted to collect the active vision images in pairs with their actual penetration states measured by a camera that views the backside surface of the workpiece. The CNN architecture was optimized by trying different hyperparameters, including kernel number, kernel size, and node number. The accuracy of the optimized model is about 98% and the cycle time in the personal computer is ~ 0.1 s, which fully meets the required engineering application.
The role of economic factors and risky behavior for youth and young adults in the HIV epidemic in 29 low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Gaumer Gary , Jordan Monica , Sherafat-Kazemzadeh Roya , Hariharan Dhwani , Bosman Victoria , Nandakumar A K
Published: April 2021

Background

Using cross-sectional data from recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in 29 low- and middle-income countries, this study examined how youth and young adults (15-24 years) differ from older adults in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, knowledge and attitudes, risk taking, and economic vulnerability to the epidemic.

Methods

Using individual DHS data from 403,000 adults, logistic regression modeling was used to examine prevalence, knowledge, attitudes, and risky behaviors in 27 sub-Saharan African and two Caribbean countries. As DHS lacks a cohort design, we used inverse probability weighting (IPW) rather than the DHS sampling weights to adjust sample weights for selection bias, which reflects the fact that wealthier persons tend to live longer with HIV, making it appear that higher wealth is a risk factor for HIV prevalence.

Results

As in older adults, HIV prevalence among younger adults varies enormously across countries. Prevalence in adults ages 15-24 varies from lows of < 0.3% (Niger, Ethiopia, Senegal, Burundi, The Gambia, Burkina Faso) to over 20 times higher in countries such as Zambia, Mozambique, and Lesotho. Multivariate results show that prevalence among youth and young adults is largely due to: (1) the high prevalence among young women, and (2) for both genders, the influence of family poverty in regions of high wealth inequality. We confirm previous studies showing that all women, including women 15-24 have far higher risk of HIV infection than comparable males. They develop faster physically, and our study data show that they are sexually active earlier, and that young women engage in more risky behaviors than young men.

Conclusions

Though one might imagine that HIV infections of young adults is due to more risky behaviors, our findings do not support this. Controlling for demographics and economic status, younger adults show better risk behavior than older adults for all three risky behaviors we study here. One important risk factor for the youth and young adults, both male and female, is being poor and living in regions with high wealth inequality, suggesting the need for continued targeting programs to reduce HIV risk for young men and young women separately, and concentrating those programs geographically in high wealth inequality areas.
KESETARAAN BATAS USIA PERKAWINAN DI INDONESIA DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Dewi Siregar Fitri Yanni , Kelana Jaka
Published: April 2021

In principle, the limitation of age of marriage for citizens is intended so that the couple who are getting married are expected to have adequate maturity in thinking, maturity of mental and physical strength. The minimum age limit for marriage has been regulated in statutory regulations and the Compilation of Islamic Laws, however, there are still inequalities with the stipulated age limit. The inception of Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage stipulates that the minimum age of marriage for women is equal to the minimum age of marriage for men, which is 19 (nineteen) years. It is hoped that the implementation of this provision will be an answer to public unrest. This research is a normative juridical legal research conducted by examining library materials or primary legal materials. The research specification used in this study is a descriptive analytical method that is related to the equality of age limit of marriage in the perspective of Islamic law, then the conclusion is drawn using the deductive method where the regulation regarding the minimum age limit of marriage in Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to the Law Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, can also be considered good and safe because it has exceeded the age limit of adulthood by Islamic jurists and does not conflict with Indonesian law and human rights and can realize the goal of marriage properly without ending in divorce and procreation healthy and high quality.
MACAM-MACAM RISIKO DALAM BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Mutafarida Binti
Published: April 2021

Islamic banks are financial institutions that are expected to answer the needs of Muslims to financial transactions in accordance with sharia. The future of sharia banks will depend heavily on human resource capacity to manage and adapt to the banking business environment. This profit institution in its operation not only faces profit, but in line with business development, technological development, and the development of society requirement for banking product, sharia bank also face risk which has unique characteristic compared to conventional bank. In its operations, sharia banks are required to remain sharia principles in achieving the vision of their mission. Sharia banking is required to be able to face global competition with its identity as a principled and obedient financial institution in sharia compliance.Keywords: sharia bank, risk

 

Abstrak

Bank syariah adalah lembaga keuagan yang diharapkan menjawab kebutuhan umat islam terhadap transaksi keuangan yang sesuai dengan syariah. Masa depan bank syariah akan sangat bergantung kepada kemampuan sumber daya insani mengelola dan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan bisnis perbankan. Lembaga profit ini dalam operasionalnya tidak hanya menghadapi keuntungan saja, tetapi seiring perkembangan bisnis, perkembangan teknologi, maupun perkembangan kebutuhan masyarakat akan produk perbankan, bank syariah juga menghadapi risiko risiko yang mempunyai sifat unik dibandingkan dengan bank konvensional. Dalam operasionalnya bank syariah dituntut untuk tetap berprinsip syariah dalam mencapai visi misi yang telah ditetapkan. Perbankan Syari’ah dituntut untuk mampu menghadapi kompetisi global dengan jati dirinya sebagai lembagakeuangan yang berprinsip dan patuh pada syariah (sharia compliance).Kata kunci : bank syariah, risiko
CREDIT CARD PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Utsmani M. Mujib
Published: April 2021

The era of globalization demanding transactions as quickly as possible, plus a shift in the culture of the people who are headed for the less cash society, demands the world of banking to continue to innovate technology in the field of digital transactions such as sharia (Islamic credit card). Sharia card basically belongs to the needs tahsiniyyat, which can familiarize humans to the best habits. But if it turns out in practice to cause ugliness, it must be stopped and abandoned. Because if sharia card does not exist, does not mean to harm the harmony of human life as when the absence of things that are dharuriyyat. Nor is there anydifficulty in the absence of a hajiyyat. Sharia law is permitted, with the provision of no interest, is not used for transactions that are inconsistent with sharia, does not encourage excessive spending (istraf) by means of, among others, a maximumceiling of expenditure, the main cardholder must have the financial ability to repay in due course; not using facilities for things that are contrary to sharia.Keywords: credit card, sharia card, Islamic law.

 

AbstrakEra globalisasi yang menuntut dilakukan transaksi secepat mungkin, ditambah pergeseran budaya masyarakat yang sedang menuju less cash society, menuntut dunia perbankan untuk terus melakukan inovasi teknologi di bidang transaksi digital seperti syariah card (kartu kredit syariah). Syariah card pada dasarnya termasuk ke dalam kebutuhan tahsiniyyat, yang dapat membiasakan manusia kepada kebiasaan-kebiasaan yang paling baik. Namun jika ternyata pada praktiknya menimbulkan kemudharatan, maka harus segera dihentikan dan ditinggalkan. Karena apabila syariah card tidak ada, tidak berarti merusakkeharmonisan kehidupan manusia seperti ketika tidak adanya hal yang bersifat dharuriyyat. Juga tidak ditimpa kesulitan seperti ketika tidak adanya hal yang bersifat hajiyyat. Syariah card dibolehkan, dengan ketentuan tidak menimbulkan riba, tidak digunakan untuk transaksi yang tidak sesuai dengan syariah, tidak mendorong pengeluaran yang berlebihan (israf) dengan cara antara lain menetapkan pagu maksimal pembelanjaan, pemegang kartu utama harus memiliki kemampuan finansial untuk melunasi pada waktunya, dan tidak menggunakan fasilitas untuk hal-hal yang bertentangan dengan syariah.Kata Kunci: credit card, syariah card, hukum Islam.
HYBRID CONTRACT: KONSTRUKSI AKAD DALAM PRODUK PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Hasan Nurul Fatma
Published: April 2021

The innovation of Islamic Bank’s products is an indicator of the ability of Islamic bank to adapt with the needs of modern human being. Basically, Islamic bank has been done some of innovation efforts, one of the effort is by engineering akad in fiqh muamalah. Some of akadin fiqh muamalah are not only adopted, but also adapted by Islamic bank so that in line with the people needs. The Islamic principal of freedom is the main capital of facing the complexity of economic problems and the highdemands of people in case of the role of Islamic bank.Hybrid contract (al-’uqud al-murakkabah) is an example of Islamic Bank strategy to develop bussiness innovation. Hybrid contract is a dealing of two parties to have muamalah that covers two or more akad. Hybrid contract has been used in many varians of Islamic bank’s products. For example IMBT, property financing (MMQ), syariah card, take over financing, Islamic pledge, current account product, Islamic checking account financing, Islamic bonds, and Islamichedging.Keyword: Hybrid contract, Islamic bank.
Strategi Pemasaran Produk Penghimpunan Dana Bank Syariah dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Pangsa Pasar Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Irfan Harmoko
Published: April 2021

Market share of sharia banking in Indonesa is low. It‟s acontradictif with the realy that Indonesia is a largest moslim population. One of the way to increase sharia bank market share is growth up the funding or DPK. Market segmentation is one of strategy that can be applied. In addition, giving high return, good banking facilities (ATM, CMS, mobile banking, internet banking) can also add attraction for customer to deposit funds the sharia bank.
Konsep Dasar Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (MSDM) dalam Perspektif Syariah
Authors: Mohamad Johaeri Irhas
Published: April 2021

Kesejahteraan akhirat mampu dicapai oleh setiap orang melalui kesalehan kehidupan sosial dan individu, sedangkan kesejahteraan sangat terkait dengan kualitas hidup seseorang dalam mengatur kehidupannya yang meliputi juga kesejahteraan harta benda. Oleh sebab itu Islam tidak mengajarkan kepada penganutnya untuk melakukan kejelekan seperti meminta-minta, justru Islam mengajarkan untuk bermuamalah dan berbagi kepada sesama umat dan manusia melalui sedekah, zakat dan berdagang atau bisnis.Agama Islam memiliki perspektif sendiri dalam memahami dan membangun konsep ekonomi untuk menata kehidupan dan kebutuhan manusia. Namun kebutuhan kehidupan manusia tidak dapat dipenuhi secara otomatis oleh Allah SWT dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya sehingga memerlukan cara terbaik untuk mengatur kehidupannya melalui ekonomi.2Perilaku bisnis dalam ekonomi syariah terkait manajemen sumberdaya manusia memiliki pijakan utama yang terbagi aspek internal dan eksternal. Aspek internal dalam sumber daya manusia berupa kepercayan dan kejujuran, kecerdasan, aktif dan inovatif, berwawasan luas dan bermoral. Aspek kepercayaan dan kejujuran diterapkan dalam setiap transaksi atau praktik bisnis yang dilakukan diantaranya menjauhi apa yang diharamkan, seperti riba dan monopoli barang dagangan. Sedangkan aspek kecerdasan berupa bagaimana sikap pelaku bisnis dalam menangkap peluang dan menindaklanjutinya terkait mekanisme pasar berupa harga, upah dan lingkungan pasar dalam bisnis. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan wawasan luas aktif dan inovatif agar menciptakan keuntungan dan kesejahteraan baginya.Aspek eksternal terdapat dalam ruang lingkup; pertama, keuntungan dan kesejahteraan. Hal ini menjadi perhatian utama dalam perilaku bisnis dan ekonomi syariah terkait manajemen sumber daya manusia. Sebab manajemen sumber daya manusia, termasuk terkait perilaku bisni harus bertujuan pada keadilan sosial dan perekonomian yang adil dan merata. Kedua, konsumsi yaitu dengan memperhatikan maqashid syariah dan penerapan halal dan haram. Ketiga, produksi, yaitu memperhatikan proporsional atau keseimbangan berproduksi dengan tidak berlaku pelit dan mensia-siakan barang yang diproduksi, keadilan dan kepemilikan yang jelas.
Implementasi Aksioma Etik Praktik Financing pada Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Sustainable and Resposible Investment di Indonesia
Authors: Ririn Tri Puspita Ningrum
Published: April 2021

This research is motivated by the fact that the new direction of the concept of development in the world has accepted the concept of Sustainability Development Goals. This implies that all stakeholders involved in national development are required to be able to realize the objectives as contained in the concept, including the Islamic finance business. This business should have a future view. This orientation will encourage Islamic finance to continue to conduct research and development to find various types of needs and technology and other standards that are in line with future demands. It is interesting if the study relates to the implementation of axioms of ethics in realizing the Sustainability Development Goals concept in the Islamic finance business in Indonesia for further research. Through an empirical study with a qualitative approach, this study shows that conceptually, the Islamic microfinance institution agrees with the concept of green banking as a form of sharia compliance. While implementation, Islamic microfinance institutions in Indonesia have not significantly followed the components of green banking.
Strategi Peningkatan Pembiayaan Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil
Authors: Dian Alfi Wulandari  , M. Muhaimin
Published: April 2021

Perkembangan permasalahan ekonomi di tengah masyarakat yang semakin kompleks, menuntut BMT untuk bisa merumuskan strategi untuk mempertahankan eksistensinya. Sebagai sebuah lembaga yang bergerak pada sektor jasa perbankan, tentunya pola pemasaran yang dilakukan BMT tidaklah sama dengan pemasaran untuk barang berwujud. Oleh karena itu diperlukan kejelian dalam merumuskan strategi dalam menghadapi pasar, dalam hal inilah strategi memegang peran penting agar BMT mampu bersaing.Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu berupa suatu prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif atau berupa ucapan tulisan dan perilaku yang dapat diamati dari subjek itu sendiri. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode wawancara, metode observasi, dan metode dokumentasi. Untuk menganalisis data pada penelitian kualitatif dilakukan melalui pengaturan data secara logis dan sistematis, dan analisis data itu dilakukan sejak awal peneliti terjun ke lokasi penelitian hingga pada akhir penelitian (pengumpulan data). Untuk pengecekan keabsahan data menggunakan ketekunan pengamatan, triangulasi dan perpanjangan keikutsertaan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembiayaan di BMT selalu mengalami peningkatan, dengan indikator meningkatnya jumlah pendapatan yang terjadi di BMT pada periode 2011-2014 masing- masing 17%, 10 %, 13 %. Sedangkan peningkatan nasabah pada tahun 2011-2014 berkisar 6%,3%, 5%, dan untuk calon nasabah berkisar 9%, 7%, 3%. Peningkatan tersebut tidak lepas dari strategi-strategi yang dilakukan oleh BMT. Strategi tersebut menggunakan teori bauran pemasaran, yaitu: Pertama, strategi produk yang sangat variatif dan selalu melakukan inovasi produk seperti produk murabahah. Kedua, strategi promosi dengan melakukan sosialisasi melalui brosur dan berkunjung ke masyarakat. Ketiga, strategi SDM hal ini terlihat dengan pendelegasian karyawan dalam pelatihan-pelatihan. Keempat, strategi proses yaitu dengan meningkatkan kompleksitas, dimana BMT melakukan penetrasi pasar .Kelima, strategi layanan pelanggan hal ini tercover dalam rumusan visi misi BMT, serta adanya beberapa prinsip, yaitu: prinsip operasional, prinsip bagi hasil, prinsip jual beli, sebagai implementasi dari layanan pelanggan.
Pembiayaan Ganda dalam tinjauan Peraturan Menteri Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Menengah Nomor 16/Per/M.Kukm/Ix/2015
Authors: Imelisa Aulia Dewi  , Qomarus Zaman
Published: April 2021

Pembiayaan ganda merupakan pembiayaan yang dilakukan oleh nasabah atau anggota yang sama yang menerima pembiayaan lebih dari satu kali. Kejadian pembiayaan ganda tersebut juga terjadi di KSPPS BMW Rahmah Jatim Kota Kediri ini, terdapat anggota yang dalam pengajuan pembiayaan pertamanya masih dalam tahap pelunasan angsuran tetapi sudah melakukan pengajuan pembiayaan lagi, dan pengajuan pembiayaan yang kedua diterima oleh KSPPS BMW Rahmah Jatim Kota Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif- kualitatif, sedangkan teknik yang digunakan peneliti untuk memperoleh data-data adalah dengan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dari KSPPS BMW Rahmah Jatim Kota Kediri. Hasil dari penelitian implementasi pembiayaan ganda dalam koperasi ditinjau dari Peraturan Menteri Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Menengah Nomor 16/Per/M.KUKM/IX/2015 (Studi kasus di KSPPS BMW Rahmah Jatim Kota Kediri) yaitu 25% dari 500 anggota dari KSPPS BMW Rahmah Jatim melakukan pembiayaan ganda. Dalam merealisasikan pengajuan pembiayaan ganda tersebut KSPPS BMW Rahmah Jatim menggunakan analisis 5C dan calon penerima pembiayaan harus mendapat rekomendasi dari pihak yang dikenal oleh staf dari KSPPS BMW Rahmah Jatim. Tetapi disini KSPPS BMW Rahmah telah melanggar peraturan yang dibuat oleh Peraturan Menteri Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Menengah Nomor 16/Per/M.KUKM/IX/2015 dengan tidak menerapkan prinsip syariah dengan tata kelola yang baik, tidak menerapkan prinsip kehati-hatian dan manajemen risiko, serta tidak mematuhi peraturan yang terkait dengan pengelolaan usaha simpan pinjam dan pembiayaan syariah. Selain itu KSPPS BMW Rahmah Jatim Kota Kediri telah melanggar peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) dengan melakukan pembiayaan ganda dalam kegiatan operasionalnya, karena pembiayaan ganda tidak diterapkan prosedur analisis pembiayaan yang baku.
Penerapan Good Corporate Governance dalam Manajemen Risiko Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Syariah
Authors: Nurid Fadhilatul B. M  , Nurul Hanani  , Sri Dwi Estiningrum
Published: April 2021

Management of Sharia finance company is based on good corporate governance principle. It’s principle applied to manage company operational and kept sharia finance company among the bankings competition. Its company activities has many risks indeed. Since company as funding and financing party, so its confront the vital risk. Because of that, its has good risk management needed. Moreover, in the risk of financing. The risk management on the sharia finance company based on the sharia banking’s regulation. Its regulation include of Good Corporate Governance principle and Risk Management principle. For having to know this application is research carefully on the sharia finance company of BPRS Lantabur Tebuireng.This research makes use of qualitative approach with collecting data methods are observation, interview and documentation. Analysis process in this research are data reduction, description, makes conclusion and the last is data’s validity checking.The research result shows that application of good corporate governance (GCG principle) in the risk management of BPRS Lantabur Tebuireng’s financing are good. Amount four aspect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principle were good application are transparency, accountability, responsibility, and fairness. Meanwhile, one aspect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principle were bad application (not effective) is independency. Its independency aspect on the financing’s decision making is not effective yet. By the result of that, BPRS Lantabur Tebuireng needs good management process to cover financing analysis from customers financing propose.
Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (Car) terhadap Return On Assets (Roa) Perbankan Syariah (Studi Kasus: Bank Umum Syariah Devisa di Indonesia Periode 2012-2016)
Authors: Khusnul Imamah  , Achmad Munif
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh CAR terhadap ROA Bank Umum Syariah Devisa di Indonesia periode tahun 2012-2016. Di dalam Salinan Surat Edaran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 10/SEOJK.03/2014 Tentang Penilaian Tingkat Kesehatan Bank Umum Syariah dan Unit Usaha Syariah, parameter yang digunakan adalah capital dan earning. Parameter capital dinilai menggunakan indikator Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) dan parameter earning dinilai menggunakan indikator Return On Assets (ROA). Semakin tingginya permodalan suatu bank (CAR), maka kinerja bank (ROA) akan semakin tinggi. Jika dihubungkan dengan teori CAR dan ROA, selama periode tahun 2012-2014 CAR dan ROA Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia mengalami fluktuasi dan tidak sesuai dengan teori hubungan CAR dan ROA. Perbankan Syariah yang digunakan dalam penelitian memfokuskan pada 4 bank dengan jumlah kantor cabang dalam negeri terbanyak di Indonesia. Dan ke-4 bank tersebut merupakan bank yang terdaftar dalam Bank Umum Syariah Devisa di Indonesia.Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian kuantitatif, yakni penelitian yang disajikan dalam bentuk angka dan statistik. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder, yakni data yang sudah tersaji di website masing-masing bank, website Bank Indonesia, dan website Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah laporan keuangan publikasi triwulan yang fokus pada laporan rasio keuangan dari masing-masing bank yang menjadi anggota Bank Umum Syariah Devisa di Indonesia periode tahun 2012-2016 sebanyak 80 sampel.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa CAR berpengaruh terhadap variabel ROA dengan nilai thitung 8,276 > ttabel 1,665. H0 : ditolak dan Ha : diterima. Jadi CAR berpengaruh terhadap ROA pada Bank Umum Syariah Devisa dengan nilai kontribusi CAR terhadap ROA sebesar 46,8%. Sebesar 53,2% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yaitu Efisiensi Operasional, Financing Debt Ratio (FDR), Non Performing Financing (NPF) dan Exchange Rate (Nilai Tukar).
Analisis CAR, Dana Pihak Ketiga, NPK, dan BO terhadap BOPO Produk Pembiayaan Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Sugeng  , Eko Prasetyo
Published: April 2021

Bagi perbankan syariah pembiayaan merupakan salah satu dari kegiatan utamanya. Disebut salah satu kegiatan utamanya karena dari pendanaan nantinya akan dikelola oleh perbankan syariah untuk memperoleh pendapatan. Menurut perbankan syariah pembiayaan dapat dikelompokkkan menjadi tiga yaitu, prinsip jual beli, jasa dan bagi hasil.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), Non Performing Financing (NPF) dan Biaya Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) terhadap Produk Pembiayaan Perbankan Syariah yang telah terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jenis dari penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data skunder. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 12 perusahaan setelah dilakukan proses sampling di dapatkan sampel dengan jumlah 10 perusahaan dengan periode penelitian lima tahun sehingga didapatkan sampel sebanyak 50 sampel. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Regresi Linier Berganda. Setelah dilakukan pengujian didapatkan hasil bahwa secara parsial Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), Non Performing Financing (NPF) memiliki pengaruh terhadap Pembiayaan dari perbankan syariah, sedangkan Biaya Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) terhadap Pembiayaan perbankan syariah tidak meiliki pengaruh, hal ini disebabkan karena efektifitas dari pengelolaan biaya tidak secara langsung bersinggungan dengan pembiayaan. Hasil uji secara simultan berdasarkan dari tabel F didapatkan hasil bahwa Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), Non Performing Financing (NPF) dan Biaya Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) terhadap Pembiayaan perbankan syariah memiliki pengaruh.
AnalisisNilai Tukar Rupiah dan Inflasi terhadap Harga Saham
Authors: Moch. Rizki Rivaldi
Published: April 2021

Harga saham daari suatu perusahaan bisa menunjukan kualitas kinerja perusahaanntesebut. Dari situlah kemudian harga saham ini menjadi penting daisamping untuk sekedar menilai kinerja perusahan, harga jual saham ini juga akan sangat membantu sebuah perusahaan disektor modal. Akan tetapi mempertahankan ataupun meningkatkan harga jual sham bukan hal yang mudah, banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi harga saham baik internal maupun external. Diantara faktor externalnya adalah nilai tukar rupiah, inflasi, PDB, suku bunga deposito, jumlah uang beredar dan lain-lain.Tujuam dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh dari pengaruh external atau pengaruh luar perusahaan yang mempengaruhi harga saham perusahaan Penelitian ini menggunakan dua variabel independen yaitu nilai tukar rupiah dan inflasi dan variabel dependennya yaitu harga saham. Studi penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan unilever indonesia Tbk. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebesar 60 data harga saham unilever indonesia Tbk. yaitu mulai dari periode 2013-2017. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan Software SPSS 21.0.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai R square sebesar 0,190 yang berarti harga saham dipengaruhi 19% oleh nilai tukar rupiah dan inflasi secara simultan. Selajutnya, dari hasil regresi diperoleh persamaan Y=5325,331+0,043X1+(-14965,248)X2. Dari persamaan tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa nilai tukar rupiah berpengaruh positif terhadap harga saham perusahan Unilever Indonesia Tbk. sedangkan inflasi mempunyai pengaruh negative terhadap harga saham perusahaan Unilever Indonesia Tbk. dengan demikian perusahaan bisa mengambil kebijakan yang tepat ketika terjadi perubahan nilai tukar rupiah dan inflasi.Maka seharusnya menjadi perhatian bagi perusahaan yang menjual sahamnya di bursa saham untuk mengantisipasi pergerakan dari nilai tukar rupiah dan inflasi , agar harga saham perusahaan tersebut bisa stabil bahkan naik sesuai yang diharapkan perusahaan.
Analisis Manajemen Pembiayaan Murobahah BMT
Authors: Ryski Pebriana  , Rofik Efendi
Published: April 2021

The development of Islamic banking and Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia lately increasing. One reason is the strong belief in the Muslim community that banking and conventional financial institutions contain usury which is prohibited by Islam. The presence of Agritama Srengat Blitar BMT as Syari'ah savings and loans is intended to be a more innovative alternative in financial services, the financing process is also not complicated. The absence of an element of usury to Murabahah financing, and the ease of the process and conditions for financing, does not make more and more bad loans. The approach used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach, while the type of research is field research, and the method of collecting data is observation, interview and documentation, which is using three steps, data reduction, file presentation and drawing conclusions.The results of this study indicate that: 1). Financing procedures at BMT Agritama Srengat Blitar use 5C analysis (character, capacity, capital, collateral, condition) and take into account a maximum radius of 10 km, but this does not apply to existing customers and customers who get recommendations from partners. 2). The implementation of Murabahah financing management has not been in accordance with the murabaha management function which includes planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling. Where the planning of murabahah financing is devoted to agriculture and animal husbandry, but in practice it is not appropriate, then in the implementation of murabahah financing using a wakalah contract it is signed together with murabahah. And the supervision conducted by BMT Agritama is not routinely visited to the place of business.
CAR dan Financing To Deposit Ratio terhadap ROA PT Bank Syariah Mandiri
Authors: Ayu Maharani W
Published: April 2021

Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) dan Return On Asset (ROA)merupakan rasio yang digunakan sebagai faktor penilaian tingkat kesehatan bank syariah diIndonesia. CAR merupakan rasio permodalan bank untuk mengukur kecukupan modal bank.Sementara FDR merupakan rasio untuk mengukur kemempuan bank dalam membayar kembalipenarikan dana oleh deposan dengan mengandalkan pembiayaan. ROA adalah rasio yangmenunjukkan seberapa besar kontribusi aset dalam menciptakan laba bersih.Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk menguji pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), dan Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR)terhadap Return on Asset (ROA)pada PT Bank Syariah Mandiri periode 2010-2018.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian inisebanyak 36 laporan keuangan publikasi triwulanan Bank Syariah Mandiri periode 2010 -2018.Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah korelasi dan regresi linearberganda. Sedangkan uji asumsi klasik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi, ujinormalitas, uji multikolonieritas, uji hetereoskedasitas dan uji autokorelasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CAR PT Bank Syariah Mandiri dengan nilai rata-rata13,76% berada pada peringkat 1 yaitu bank memiliki kondisi kesehatan yang “sangat baik”. FDRPT Bank Syariah Mandiri dengan nilai rata-rata 84,71% berada pada peringkat 2 yaitu bankmemiliki kondisi kesehatan yang “baik”. ROA PT Bank Syariah Mandiri dengan nilai rata-rata1,31% berada pada peringkat 2 yaitu bank memiliki kondisi kesehatan yang “baik”.Secara parsialvariabel CAR tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA, melalui uji t diperoleh nilai Sig. 0,114>0,05, maka H1ditolak. Dan variabel FDR berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA, melalui uji tdiperoleh nilai Sig. 0,000 < 0,05, maka H2 diterima. Secara simultan varibel CAR dan FDRberpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA, melalui uji F diperoleh Nilai Sig. 0,000 < 0,05, maka H3diterima. Berdasarkan hasil analisis koefisien determinasi, nilai kontribusi variabel independenterhadap variabel dependen menunjukkan angka sebesar 0,509. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwaCAR dan FDR berpengaruh sebesar 50,9% terhadap ROA, dan sebesar 41,9% dipengaruhi faktorlain yakni faktor internal yang terdiri dari NPF (Non Performing financing) dan BOPO (BebanOperasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional), serta faktor eksternal yang terdiri dari inflasi,tingkat suku bunga, dan nilai tukar rupiah.