bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Transcriptomic Biomarker Predicting Linezolid-Associated Neuropathy During Treatment of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Zielinski Nika , Baiceanu Dragos , Dragomir Antonela , Heyckendorf Jan , Ibraim Elmira , Köhler Niklas , Leschczyk Christoph , Popa Cristina , Rachow Andrea , Sachsenweger Jens , Carballo Patricia , Schaub Dagmar , Zeeb Hajo , Tulu Begna , DiNardo Andrew , Lange Christoph , Reimann Maja
Published: June 2024

Background: Neuropathic adverse events occur frequently in linezolid-containing regimens, some of which remain irreversible after drug discontinuation. Objective: We aimed to identify and validate a host RNA-based biomarker that can predict linezolid-associated neuropathy before multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) treatment initiation and to identify genes and pathways that are associated with linezolid-associated neuropathy. Methods: Adult patients initiating MDR/RR-TB treatment including linezolid were prospectively enrolled in 3 independent cohorts in Germany. Clinical data and whole blood RNA for transcriptomic analysis were collected. The primary outcome was linezolid-associated optic and/or peripheral neuropathy. A random forest algorithm was used for biomarker identification. The biomarker was validated in an additional fourth cohort of patients with MDR/RR-TB from Romania. Results: A total of 52 patients from the 3 identification cohorts received linezolid treatment. Of those, 24 (46.2%) developed peripheral and/or optic neuropathies during linezolid treatment. The majority (59.3%) of the episodes were of moderate (grade 2) severity. In total, the expression of 1,479 genes differed significantly at baseline of treatment. Suprabasin (SBSN) was identified as a potential biomarker to predict linezolid-associated neuropathy. In the validation cohort, 10 of 42 (23.8%) patients developed grade ≥3 neuropathies. The area under the curve for the biomarker algorithm prediction of grade ≥3 neuropathies was 0.63 (poor; 95% confidence interval: 0.42 – 0.84). Conclusions: We identified and preliminarily validated a potential clinical biomarker to predict linezolid-associated neuropathies before the initiation of MDR/RR-TB therapy. Larger studies of the SBSN biomarker in more diverse populations are warranted.
SCHOOL STRATEGY IN STRENGTHENING THE CHARACTER OF NATIONALISM IN STUDENTS OF SDN 8 PENA NA'E BIMA CITY
Authors: Syudirman  , Nur Istaqam
Published: June 2024

This research aims to describe the school's strategy for improving the nationalist character of students at SDN 8 Pena Na'e, Bima City, and the supporting factors for increasing the nationalist character of students at SDN 8 Pena Na'e, Bima City. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This research was carried out at SDN 8 Pena Na'e, Bima City. Data sources from teachers and students. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. To ensure the validity of the data, triangulation techniques were used. Based on the research results, it was found that the school's strategy for improving students' nationalistic character is: (1) The school involves its students in taking part in the flag ceremony every Monday morning, (2) The school involved students in a cultural parade wearing traditional regional clothing, (3) involvement of students in following beautiful walks, (4) involvement of students in Lenggo cultural dances. It is hoped that this article will contribute to developing a theoretical framework and practical strategies for developing knowledge in Indonesia
User awareness of knowledge management practices of public university libraries in Bangladesh
Authors: Mostofa Sk Mamun , Othman Roslina
Published: June 2024

Background of the study: Users of university libraries frequently have high expectations for the support services offered by the library. The goals of KM are to enhance library services, generate more with fewer resources, prevent duplication of effort, and take advantage of already existing knowledge.
Purpose: The main aim of this research is to recognize the user awareness of Knowledge Management (KM) Practices of public university libraries in Bangladesh.
Method: The present research used quantitative methods. A total of 1,060 printed questionnaires were distributed among undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) students of five public university libraries in Bangladesh using a simple random sampling technique. Out of 1,060 questionnaires, 811 usable questionnaires were returned, giving a response of 76.5%.
Findings: The study found that users' familiarity with KM is moderately low. They learned about KM through courses provided by their respective departments and independent study through research literature. It was also found that lack of awareness, problems with organizational culture, improper technology deployment, and inadequate support from management are the challenges related to KM practice in public university libraries in Bangladesh.
Conclusion: Finally, the research presented managerial and practical implications with further research directions.
HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI PANGAN TINGGI INDEKS GLIKEMIK DENGAN KEJADIAN OBESITAS SENTRAL PADA DEWASA MUDA
Authors: Tarisshania Reyna , Setyaningsih Aryanti
Published: June 2024

Obesity is among the world's top 10 health problems and the top five in developing countries like Indonesia. The prevalence of central obesity based on Basic Health Research in 2018 was 31%. This means that more than a quarter of people aged ≥15 years were centrally obese in 2018. Factors that influence obesity are the habit of eating high index glycemic food, fast food, less physical activity, and socioeconomics. This research aims to determine the relationship between high glycemic index food consumption with the incidence of central obesity in young adults. The research method used a cross sectional approach. The sample of 108 respondents was obtained using proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected by measuring hip waist circumference, body weight and height, while for glycemic index intake using modified FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire). Bivariate analysis used the contingency coefficient test analysis method with a significance level of 5%. The prevalence of central obesity in young adult was 56 (51.9%), young adult who often consume food with a high glycemic index were 84 young adult (77.8%). There is a relationship between high glycemic index food consumption and the incidence of central obesity in young adults (p = 0.001). There was a correlation between high glycemic index food consumption with incidence of central obesity in young adults.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA ASUPAN CAIRAN HARIAN DAN MINUMAN ISOTONIK DENGAN TINGKAT HIDRASI ATLET NON-ELITE UKM SEPAK BOLA DI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SURABAYA
Authors: Noor Rossi Alysia , Pratama Satwika Arya , Dini Cleonara Yanuar , Bahar Asrul
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to describe the amount of daily fluid intake, isotonic drinks, hydration, physical activity, and to determine the relationship between fluid intake with isotonic drinks on the hydration level of non-elite athletes. This study applied cross-sectional design with total sampling method on 25 non-elite football athletes. The instruments used was SQFFQ Beverages for daily fluid intake and isotonic drinks, IPAQ shortform for physical activity levels, and Urine Specific Gravity (USG) for hydration levels. The results of this study found that the average fluid intake of athletes was less (3468.81±1330.34 ml), less isotonic drink intake (548±243.82 ml), hydration level is minimal dehydration (1018.20±7.05 g/dl), and high physical activity level (3009.52±1275.86 MET-minutes/week). Daily fluid intake and hydration levels had a significant relationship (r=0.657, p=0.000), and the relationship between isotonic drinks and hydration level its also significant (r=0.561, p=0.004). The amount of daily fluid intake and isotonic drinks had a significant relationship with athletes' hydration levels.
Authors: Hasby Esa Pallewi , Sehah Sehah , Sugito Sugito
Published: June 2024

Pemodelan struktur geologi bawah permukaan Gunungapi Ciremai telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui bentuk struktur bawah permukaan dan dapur magma gunungapi sebagai mitigasi awal. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data anomali medan gravitasi satelit yang didapatkan dari website http://topex.ucsd.edu/cgi-bin/get.cgi dengan posisi -6,6949° – 7,0949° LS dan 108,2083° - 108,6083° BT yang telah terkoreksi hingga koreksi udara bebas. Pengolahan data yang dilakukan meliputi koreksi bouguer dan koreksi terrain sehingga diperoleh nilai Anomali Bouguer Lengkap yang berkisar -117,7 – 67,5 mGal. Selanjutnya reduksi ke bidang datar menggunakan Pendekatan Deret Taylor dan pemisahan anomali regional – residual menggunakan metode Polinomial dilakukan sehingga mendapatkan nilai anomali residual dengan rentang -116,2 – 27,93 mGal. Peta kontur anomali residual menunjukkan nilai anomali rendah pada posisi 108.4017° LS dan -6.898° BT yang diperkirakan merupakan dapur magma Gunungapi Ciremai yang masih aktif. Sedangkan hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa letak dapur magma Gunungapi Ciremai terletak pada posisi 108.3965° LS dan -6.8962° BT. Posisi tersebut tidak berada tepat di bawah kawah vulkanik, melainkan 511,37 m ke arah timur dari kawah vulkanik dengan volume relatif besar dengan kedalaman berkisar 2 – 8 km. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan struktur geologi bawah permukaan Gunungapi Ciremai tersusun atas batuan pada fase cair (1,50 – 1,88 g/cm3) yang diperkirakan merupakan dapur magma, batuan sedimen yang terdiri atas batupasir gampingan, batupasir tufan, konglomerat, dan breksi (1,91 – 2,65 g/cm3), serta batuan lava andesit-basaltik (2,7 – 3,0 g/cm3).
Authors: Lubis Lailatul Husna , Harefa Faradilla Firdani , Sibuea Christofel Haposan , Ginting Mira Hestina
Published: June 2024

An earthquake with a magnitude of Mw 5.8 rocked the North Tapanuli region on October 1 2022 (02:28:43 WIB) in the Renun segment caused by (right-lateral strike slip). The main earthquake data and the parameters of the source mechanism were obtained from Global CMT and aftershock data were obtained from the BMKG catalog with a range of study locations at 1.60⁰ – 2.52⁰ North Latitude and 98.55⁰ East Longitude – 99.50⁰ East Longitude. The method used is the Coulomb Stress method using Coulomb 3.4 software. The results of the analysis of changes in coulomb stress are areas where there is an increase in stress of 0 to 0.2 bar and a decrease in stress of 0 to -0.2 bar. Areas that have increased stress are in the southwest, southeast, northwest and northeast. While the areas that experienced a decrease in stress were in the east, north, west and south.
Authors: Khodijah Siti , Umiati Ngurah Ayu Ketut , Arianto Fajar
Published: June 2024

Simulation of HPGe and CsI(Tl) detectors have been carried out by using the MCNP program. This study aims to determine the efficiency of the detector that occurs in conditions of distance and the use of housing materials. Simulation is done by making detector geometry, source definition and pulse count model. The detector geometry is made by modifying the aluminum and stainless steel housing. The emitted gamma radiation comes from a point source of Cs-137 rays. Radiation irradiation to the detector in the direction of the x-axis with a variation of 0.75 to 3.75 cm. . The output of the MCNP program is to display the count value for each predetermined energy bin and the error value of each. The simulation results show that the use of housing of the detector and the distance of the source affect the enumeration. The best efficiency values for the HPGe and CsI(Tl) detectors are  and  of the aluminium housing. The results of simulation show results that are in accordance with the theory.
 
Key words: HPGe, CsI(Tl), efficiency, aluminium, stainless steel.
Determinasi Resiko Keamanan Pangan Berdasarkan Kandungan Escherichia coli Pada Ikan Budi Daya Mina Padi Banyumas
Authors: Syuraihanah Khotoh , Mulandari Kusriyah , Sukardi Purnama , Mardiyana Mardiyana
Published: June 2024

Mina padi is a way of raising fish between rice plants, as an interval between the two rice planting seasons or raising fish as a substitute for crops in the rice fields. Panembangan Village is one of the areas in Banyumas Regency which carries out fish farming using the mina padi system with the fish reared in this cultivation being Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) where this fish is a superior commodity from Banyumas Regency. The purpose of this study is determine the content of E. coli bacteria and how the food safety conditions in tilapia fish (O. niloticus) from the cultivation of mina padi in Panembangan Village are based on applicable standards. The analytical method used is the MPN (Most Probable Number) method with the SNI 01-2332.1-2006 and SNI 7388:2009. The results of this study found that tilapia (O. niloticus) from mina padi cultivation contained E. coli bacteria ranging from 9.1x101 – 7.3x103 colonies/gr. The content of E. coli bacteria in the cultivation of mina padi in Panembangan Village comes from the water used in the mina padi system and has exceeded the standard (<3 APM/gr) which indicates that tilapia fish (O. niloticus) is unsafe for consumption. So based on the results of this study it is necessary to monitor the water sources used and the management of fishery products so that the fish produced by Mina Padi cultivation are suitable for consumption.
Authors: Afifah Afifah , Hestiyani Rani Afifah Nur , Ati Viva Ratih Bening , Mardihusodo Hajid Rahmadianto , Wisesa Sindhu , Nafiisah Nafiisah , Fadhilah Synta Haqqul , Munfiah Siti , Wahyudin Wahyudin
Published: June 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is still a health problem for the elderly in the world, including Indonesia. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the most common causes of CKD in Indonesia. The aim of this community service was to provide prevention education and carried out early detection of risk factors for chronic kidney disease in the elderly. Educational activities and early detection of CKD risk factors were carried out using lecture methods and checking blood pressure and blood glucose levels. There was an increase in knowledge after the giving education and it was discovered that 34% of participants experienced hypertension and 11% experienced hyperglycemia from 102 participants. Overall, this community service has succeeded in increasing knowledge and detecting the main risk factors for CKD.
Authors: Buana Pratama Angga
Published: June 2024

Resik Kutha Waste Bank is one of the waste banks in the city of Surakarta that has been operating since 2019. Starting with the collection of household waste at the RT level and now, as time goes by and community enthusiasm grows, it has developed to the RW level. So far, the transaction recording process at the waste bank has been done manually and sometimes delayed, causing some administrative issues such as forgetting to bring the waste deposit book, misplacing it, losing it, or damaging it. In addition, the management also desires to provide real-time savings information. To address these issues, a web-based waste savings application has been developed with the aim of assisting in real-time transaction recording and allowing both parties to view previous transaction histories, as well as providing necessary reports. The method used in this service involves socialization and training techniques for both the management and the waste bank customers. The results obtained after the training are believed to have increased understanding regarding environmental awareness socialization and the use of waste savings applications among the participants. It is hoped that in the future, this web-based waste savings application can address the encountered issues and can be further developed and utilized for other waste banks in the Kadipiro Subdistrict
Research progress in tumor angiogenesis and drug resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Mou Jiancheng , Li Chenhong , Zheng Qinghui , Meng Xuli , Tang Hongchao
Published: June 2024

Angiogenesis is considered a hallmark pathophysiological process in tumor development. Aberrant vasculature resulting from tumor angiogenesis plays a critical role in the development of resistance to breast cancer treatments, via exacerbation of tumor hypoxia, decreased effective drug concentrations within tumors, and immune-related mechanisms. Antiangiogenic therapy can counteract these breast cancer resistance factors by promoting tumor vascular normalization. The combination of antiangiogenic therapy with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for overcoming drug resistance in breast cancer. This review examines the mechanisms associated with angiogenesis and the interactions among tumor angiogenesis, the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, drug distribution, and immune mechanisms in breast cancer. Furthermore, this review provides a comprehensive summary of specific antiangiogenic drugs, and relevant studies assessing the reversal of drug resistance in breast cancer. The potential mechanisms underlying these interventions are discussed, and prospects for the clinical application of antiangiogenic therapy to overcome breast cancer treatment resistance are highlighted.
The Relationship between Empathy and Competence among College Psychological Members: The Chain Mediating Role of In-Terpersonal Communication and Listening
Authors: Zhang Xingyu , Chen Maolin , Hu Chaobing
Published: June 2024

: Psychological members can provide college students with solid peer support and sustain their mental health. This study examined the relationship between empathy, interpersonal communication, listening and psychological members' competence among 407 university students, and also analysed the mediating role of interpersonal communication and listening. The results showed that psychological members‘ empathy, interpersonal communication, and listening were significantly and positively related to psychological members’competence, interpersonal communication mediated the relationship between empathy and competence, listening mediated the relationship between empathy and competence, and interpersonal communication and listening chained the mediating role between empathy and competence. This suggests that psychological members' empathy enhances their competence by influencing their interpersonal communication and listening, which in turn enhances their competence.
Expression of GLOD4 Gene in the Testis of Qianbei Ma Goats and Its Effect on Testicular Leydig Cells
Authors: Wang Jinqian , Chen Xiang , Sun Wei , Tang Wen , Chen Jing jia , Zhang Yuan , Li Ruiyang , Wang Yanfei
Published: June 2024

The objective of this paper was to study the expression pattern of the GLOD4 gene in the testis and its regulatory effect on testicular cells. Currently, the regulated mechanism through are unclear. Here, we explored how GLOD4 functions in goat leydig cells to enhance our understanding of spermatogenesis and improve reproduction in breeding rams. In this study, we demonstrated that the localization of GLOD4 in testicular cells using immunohistochemistry and subcellular localization analyses. Subsequently, we analyzed the GLOD4 expression pattern in 4 age-based groups (0, 6, 12, and 18 months old) using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) and protein blotting. Finally, we performed GLOD4 gene silencing and overexpression studies in testicular cells from goats and explored the effects of GLOD4 on cell proliferation, the cell cycle, steroid hormone secretion and the expression of candidate testosterone hormone-regulated genes. GLOD4 was mainly expressed in testicular leydig cells, and the subcellular localization results showed that the GLOD4 protein was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Silencing of GLOD4 significantly suppressed the mRNA expression levels of the testosterone secretion-related genes CYP11A1, 3β-HSD and CYP17A1 and the mRNA expression levels of cell-cycle related genes CDK6, PCNA, and Cyclin E. Moreover, the cell cycle was blocked at the G2/M phase after GLOD4 silencing, which significantly suppressed testosterone secretion. In contrast, GLOD4 overexpression significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of the testosterone secretion-related genes CYP11A1, 3β-HSD, and CYP17A1 and increased the expression of the cell-cycle related genes CDK6, PCNA, and Cyclin E. Moreover, GLOD4 overexpression promoted the cell cycle from G0/G1 phases to enter the S phase and G2/M phases,promoted the secretion of testosterone. Taken together, our experimental results indicate that GLOD4 may affect the development of cells in Qianbei Ma goats of different ages by influencing the cell cycle, Proliferation and testosterone hormone synthesis. These findings enhance our understanding of the functions of GLOD4 in the cells of goats.
Information and Modular Evolution
Authors: Bajrami Zyri
Published: June 2024

The study is based on information as the property of matter and its evolution from chemical to digital information. Consequences of these forms of information include molecular, modular, cel-lular, non-human, and human individual interactions, as well as human-machine interaction, and the formation of corresponding modules through self-organizing selective processes. The function of modular structures is decision-making and is analogous to the behavior of an intelligent agent. The evolutionary modular model is proposed based on the interaction of evolutionary factors (matter, energy, information, self-organization, natural selection, and heritability) among themselves and with the arrow of time. In conclusion, we realize that the essence of the evolution of living organ-isms is modular evolution. Modules through which the survival and reproduction of living organ-isms is ensured, are formed by two basic molecular processes, which are molecular recognition or information and modular self-organization.
Digital Genome and Self-Regulating Distributed Software Applications with Associative Memory and Event-Driven History
Authors: Mikkilineni Rao , Kelly W. Patrick , Crawley Gideon
Published: June 2024

Biological systems have a unique ability inherited through their genome. It allows them to build, operate, and manage a society of cells with complex organizational structures where autonomous components execute specific tasks and collaborate in groups to fulfill systemic goals with shared knowledge. The system receives information from various senses, makes sense of what is being observed, and acts using its experience, while the observations are still in progress. We use the General Theory of Information (GTI) to implement a digital genome, specifying the operational processes that design, deploy, operate, and manage a cloud-agnostic distributed application that is independent of IaaS and PaaS infrastructure, which provides the resources required to execute the software components. The digital genome specifies the functional and non-functional requirements that define the goals and best-practice policies to evolve the system using associative memory and event-driven interaction history to maintain stability and safety while achieving the system’s objectives. We demonstrate a structural machine, cognizing oracles, and knowledge structures derived from GTI used for designing, deploying, operating, and managing a distributed video streaming application with autopoietic self-regulation that maintains structural stability and communication among distributed components with shared knowledge while maintaining expected behaviors dictated by functional requirements.
Policy Instruments Fostering Site Level Application of Circular Practices in Construction
Authors: Jayalath Chandana
Published: June 2024

One of the most pursued predicaments in the recent past is the slowness in transmuting circular practices. In the hope for many apparent advantages, construction firms have been attempting to embrace circularity oriented functions, thus controlling its negativities, to the extent where possible. However, many of these are futile attempts that have been made ad-hoc without having validated policy instruments intact. Only a few studies have taken an overarching approach to address this matter and effectively inculcate circularity at construction sites. This article is aimed to fill this knowledge gap by introducing a structured outline resulting in 9 policy categories and over 100 policy instruments. Developed from a review of 90 studies selected from Google scholar platform and 16 policy documents essentially contributed by eminent research groups, these policy instruments were subsequently validated in a series of 18 semi-structured interviews with experts and industry personnel having international exposure in large scale construction projects. This study provides over 150 practical examples scaffolding circularity as a noble cause. Of a practical insight, a fundamental reconfiguration of site operations deem indispensable.
The People You Can Count on in the Italian Regions
Authors: Arnone Massimo , Leogrande Angelo
Published: June 2024

In the following article, we analyzed a variable present in the ISTAT-BES dataset, namely "People You Can Count On"-PYCC for the Italian regions. Following an analysis of the time series aimed at highlighting the trends of the regions, we created a clustering with a k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette coefficient. The data shows the presence of two clusters. We then present an econometric model aimed at estimating the value of PYCC based on a set of socio-economic variables. The results are also discussed in light of the economic policy implications.
Complexity: Emergent Order in Ant Colonies. Is Natural Selection Pressure a Requisite
Authors: Montgomery Richard Murdoh
Published: June 2024

The phenomenon of emergence in complex systems is vividly exemplified by the coordinated behaviors of ant colonies, where apparent chaos evolves into order. This article delves into the essence of complexity and emergence through interdisciplinary research spanning biology, computer science, and information theory. It begins by examining the foundational principles of swarm intelligence, revealing how simple ant behaviors culminate in sophisticated collective intelligence. The discussion then transitions to the philosophical dimensions of emergent phenomena and the principles of self-organization that underpin systemic order. Key concepts such as ant colony optimization algorithms and stigmergy are synthesized, highlighting their relevance in both natural and artificial systems. The broader societal implications are considered through the lens of collective intelligence, drawing parallels between ant colonies and human social structures. Complementary online resources and multimedia content enrich the narrative, providing accessible insights and dynamic representations of ant intelligence. This convergence of diverse perspectives underscores the remarkable capacity for simplicity to generate complexity, culminating in a profound understanding of collective wisdom.
Filosofi Pendidikan Inklusi dalam Praktik Pendidikan Abad Ke-21 di Indonesia
Authors: Septyah Rizkika
Published: June 2024

Inclusive education in Indonesia has evolved in recent years, in line with the government's commitment to provide equal education for all children, including those with special needs. This article reviews the philosophy of inclusive education and its implementation in Indonesian education. Through literature and policy analysis, it is found that although there is increasing awareness and support for inclusive education, there are still barriers that need to be overcome. These include the lack of accessibility and adequate facilities, limited teaching staff for children with special needs, and social stigma towards children with special needs. This review also identifies the characteristics of inclusive education and its implementation. In conclusion, inclusive education in Indonesia requires a holistic and collaborative approach between the government, communities, and educational institutions to create a truly inclusive and equal learning environment for all learners
Analyzing Multi-Head Attention on Broken BERT Models
Authors: Wang Jingwei
Published: June 2024

This project investigates the behavior of multi-head attention in Transformer models, specifically focusing on the differences between benign and trojan models in the context of sentiment analysis. Trojan attacks cause models to perform normally on clean inputs but exhibit misclassifications when presented with inputs containing predefined triggers. We characterize attention head functions in trojan and benign models, identifying specific 'trojan' heads and analyzing their behavior.
Investigation on Full-Scale Crash for Reinforced Divided Central Median W-Beam Barriers with Post-Densification
Authors: Zhang Feng , Wei Hongliang , Wei Yongke , Zhang Hongchao , Chen Bin
Published: June 2024

In this study, the team employed full-scale crash tests to investigate the impact of post-densification technology on the safety performance of separated central median W-beam barriers under low compaction conditions. By precisely simulating the design and construction environment of the central median, the study comprehensively evaluated the barrier's containment, redirection, buffering, and anti-intrusion performances, as well as the deformation of both the barrier and vehicles under various collision scenarios. The results indicate that under low compaction soil conditions, the A-level separated central median barriers reinforced with post-densification technology effectively meet the specified protection requirements. By comparing the influence of soil strength variations on barrier performance under simulated rainfall conditions, it was confirmed that enhancing soil compaction significantly improves soil stability, effectively increases the overall strength and stability of the barriers, reduces deformation, and significantly enhances safety performance. This study not only validates the effectiveness of the reinforcement scheme but also provides new perspectives for the scientific research of safety barriers and offers crucial technical support for the optimal design of road safety protection facilities.
Overturn Dynamics of a Small Moon
Authors: Aslanov Vladimir S.
Published: June 2024

The paper considers the possibility of rotating a small moon by 180 degrees from a dynamic point of view using two rocket engines mounted on the surface of the moon. A thrust control law for the engines which allows to turn the moon over and then stabilize it relative to a new equilibrium position by parrying a gravity gradient torque is proposed. The dynamic aspects of such an experiment are discussed using the example of the Mars satellite Deimos.
Load-Aware and Priority Adaptive Traffic Congestion Control Method in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Tadesse Ermias Melku , Demilew Samuel Asferaw , Mengesha Ayene Zinabie , Geto Alemu Desu
Published: June 2024

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) are a subset of mobile ad hoc networks used to communicate between vehicles and infrastructure. During vehicular congestion communication, nodes compete to acquire channels, causing the channels to become congested. The congestion on the vehicle network results in increased delay and packet loss, resulting in reduced VANET performance. To address this problem, we developed a load-aware and priority adaptive traffic congestion control method in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The proposed scheme identifies less-congested road segments based on the network's load and reduces traffic congestion by suggesting other routes between nearby roadside units (RSUs). This research aims to improve the efficiency of the vehicular environment by utilizing the movement of vehicles with (RSUs) and sharing the traffic load between them. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocol in reducing congestion and enhancing the overall performance of VANETs. To validate the proposed algorithm, we have implemented and tested the proposed algorithm using Network Simulator 3 (NS3) for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication scenarios and computed the performance of the algorithm on different parameters of the network. The simulation result of the proposed load aware and priority adaptive traffic congestion control method in VANET improved the packet delivery ratio, packet lost ratio, and end-to-end delay by 96%, 4.1%, and 1102 milliseconds, when compared to TDCCA value of 92%, 5.7%, and 1154 milliseconds, respectively
The Application of Convolutional Neural Networks in Organ-on-a-Chip Technology: A Review
Authors: Anderson William , Sarmadi Morteza
Published: June 2024

Recent developments in microfluidics and biomaterials have enabled the creation of organs-on-chips (OoCs), which provide a controlled and lifelike in vitro microenvironment resembling an actual organ. Organ-on-a-chip technology offers a tremendous opportunity for efficient, cost-effective, and ethical drug testing and research. However, the high throughput and large quantities of data these complex microenvironments produce make it difficult for researchers to effectively analyze the data and draw valuable conclusions. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are most aptly positioned to address many of OoC’s challenges because of their ability to interpret microscopic images and facilitate the analytical process. Despite the growing field of AI, there have been a limited number of studies summarizing the various applications of CNNs in OoCs. This review aims to provide 1) an overview of the technology involved with CNNs and OoCs 2) an insight into the state-of-the-art applications of CNNs in OoCs including device parameters, predicting and tracking cell trajectories, super-resolution image segmentation, and image classification, and 3) an overview of existing challenges and opportunities ahead for clinical translation of this technology. Various applications of CNNs have been classified by the type of task. Different CNN models such as Faster R-CNNs, fully convolutional networks (FCNs), and Mask R-CNNs are explained and highlighted. This review article can be used as a resource for a better understanding of the potential of CNNs in biomedical research and clinical applications, particularly OoCs.
TSP Algorithm based on Convex Hull Insertion Method
Authors: Zheng Mengna
Published: June 2024

The algorithm described in this paper inherits the concepts of layered fusion, insertion, and set from four convex hull-based heuristic algorithms. It summarizes relevant definitions and theorems, proposes valuable research hypotheses, combines grouping and insertion, and innovatively introduces the practice of "grouped insertion."
Local functional food: Stunting prevention in toddlers
Authors: Yarmaliza  , Farisni Teungku Nih , Fitriani  , Reynaldi Fitrah , Zakiyuddin  , Fadillah Mardi , Arundhana Andi Imam , Syahputri Veni Nella
Published: June 2024

Functional food has emerged as a potential intervention to prevent stunting in toddlers, utilizing locally available ingredients such as tempeh and clams. These foods possess several favorable attributes, including ease of accessibility, affordability, have high nutritional value and excellent digestibility in the human body. This study introduces a novel approach by formulating tempeh broth as a substitute for clam flour, aiming to improve nutritional status and prevent stunting. The primary objective was to develop tempeh broth with substituted clam flour and evaluate the impact on organoleptic properties and nutritional value. The study involved a laboratory experiment where tempeh broth was substituted with varying amounts of claims flour: 15g (P1), 30g (P2), and 45g (P3). Organoleptic evaluation was conducted by 37 panelists using a hedonic scale technique. The analysis of the organoleptic test data comprised the normality, Friedman, and Wilcoxon Test. The findings revealed that the tempeh broth formula with a 15g clam flour substitution (P2) was the most preferred in terms of color, aroma, and taste. The substitution of clam flour in tempeh also led to an increase in the nutritional value, specifically higher protein, PUFA, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B6, total folic acid, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, ferrous and zinc. In conclusion, increasing the amount of clam flour substitution in tempeh broth resulted in higher nutritional value and had a significant effect on the organoleptic properties. The findings support the continued exploration of local functional food interventions to address nutritional deficiencies and improve public health nutrition.
Phytochemical characterization and antibacterial evaluation of crude saps from medicinal plants in Palestinian cuisine
Authors: Sawalha Hazem , Khasib Said , Mansour Bayan , Awwad Yousef , Abu Arra Zain , Kmail Abdalsalam O.
Published: June 2024

The emergence and evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains has shifted interest in herbal therapy. Plants have long been a source of anti-infective compounds. This study investigated the antibacterial activity and phytochemical composition of various Palestinian plants against five human pathogenic bacteria. Antibacterial activity was determined using the Agar Diffusion Method (ADM), as well as the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Broth Microdilution (BMD) assays. The successful ADM bacterial inhibition zones employing plant extracts were Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. (E. camaldulensis) 9.35 mm, Allium sativum L. (A. sativum) 8.35 mm, Ceratonia siliqua L. (C. siliqua) 7.85 mm, and Amygdalus communis L. (A. communis) 7.85 mm. The MIC50 values against the tested microorganisms varied from 5.69 to 398.5 mg/mL. Furthermore, the MIC50 values for Gram-positive bacteria varied from 5.69 to 233.88 mg/mL, whereas the values for Gram-negative bacteria ranged from 28.65 to 398.5 mg/mL. Most species of bacteria were effectively inhibited by E. camaldulensis and A. sativum extracts. For Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, the MIC50 values for E. camaldulensis were 39.01-40.38 and 31.60-85.37 mg/mL, respectively. The MIC50 values for A. sativum against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were 5.69-14.85 mg/mL and 38.98-200.11 mg/mL, respectively. The phytochemicals such as flavonoids, steroids, proteins, carbohydrates, and alkaloids in varying amounts, may explain their diverse capability to inhibit bacteria. The present study showed that E. camaldulensis, A. sativum, C. siliqua and A. communis are valuable Palestinian medicinal plants that contain antibacterial agents against the tested bacterial species. However, this study serves as a foundation for further pharmaceutical studies.
Effect of different feed on nutritional content of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens): A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lo Diana , Loho Luna , Afandi Frendy Ahmad , Romulo Andreas , Tedjakusuma Felicia , Somma Tammara , Kaburuan Emil Robert , Zulkarnain Arif , Khatri-Chhetri Rupak
Published: June 2024

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) or BSF is commonly used in food industry as a meat substitute to reduce food waste and environmental pollution. It could grow effectively using organic material such as manure and food waste. In this study, a comparison of the nutritional content of BSF fed with manure and food waste will be determined by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. The information about protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash, and calcium content of manure or food waste fed BSF from various scientific database sources was analyzed and discussed. There were 720 literatures selected to be included in the meta-analysis dataset, with the main selection criteria: original research articles published in the last ten years with nutritional data on manure and food waste fed BSF. From the literature screening process, 8 articles were obtained and included in the meta-analysis. Based on meta-analysis, it was found that the food waste fed BSF group has approximately 16% higher protein content, 33% higher fat content, but 59% lower ash content if compared to manure fed BSF group. However, the use of food waste as BSF feed did not give a significant effect on BSF carbohydrate and calcium content when compared to manure fed BSF.
A Fun Autodidactic Learning Model for Students to Improve Second Language Understanding
Authors: Pratikno Heru , Muttaqin Zainul
Published: June 2024

Learning a second language, for example, English is often considered difficult by most students. In fact, this foreign language is very important for them in further studies and the world of work. Therefore, this research aims to determine a fun autodidactic learning model for students to improve second language understanding Apart from that, the writer also wants to know what methods students are interested in and effectively use in honing their English skills independently. Research data was obtained by filling out a questionnaire in the form of questions to determine the effectiveness of the interest learning model. The research respondents were Unisba Statistics students. After the data was collected, this research used quantitative descriptive methods to analyze it. This identification is carried out to reveal learning methods, problems encountered in learning, and efforts made in improving students' English skills. The results obtained based on this research are an effective independent method or model of learning English that is of interest to students, including through songs as a medium for teaching new languages and improving vocabulary and grammar. Apart from that, a fun autodidactic learning model, namely through communicative films and games, can also improve their English pronunciation skills. However, the popular method still has several obstacles, namely students do not know the pronunciation and structure of English according to grammatical rules.
Perceived Challenges and Ways to Improve Reading Proficiency for EFL Teachers: Narratives from EFL Teachers
Authors: Hakiki Abid , Mardiana Rizdika
Published: June 2024

The need of using English in global context has led schools in Indonesia to prepare and make their students proficient in English. However, the majority of English teachers may not have attained a level of proficiency deemed necessary for effective teaching. This study aimed to reveal the level of teachers’ reading proficiency and to figure out how they perceived challenges and ways to improve their proficiency. Qualitative data was used as a method of inquiry. The study employed a narrative inquiry to dig deeper into teachers’ perspective. A proficiency test, self-reflection (logbook), and interview were used as the instrument to measure 15 EFL teachers’ proficiency and figure out their challenges and ways to improve their proficiency. The data was analyzed using inductive reflective thematic analysis and the findings showed that teachers proficiency varied, but most of them have a good reading proficiency equal to B2-CEFR level; It is referred to as upper intermediate and independent user by CEFR. In addition, five themes expressing the teachers’ perceived challenges were revealed: 1) They experienced self-errors; 2) The answer is implied; 3) The text is difficult; 4) The question type is unfamiliar; 5) They encountered unfamiliar vocabulary. Moreover, the ways the teachers used to improve their proficiency were: 1) understand the question and passage carefully; 2) find main idea and supporting details; 3) familiarize with the topic; 4) Enrich vocabulary; 5) scan and take notes; 6) predict the question and keep focus. In conclusion, the findings provide the important insights into EFL teachers. Their collective experiences can be used to overcome the challenges faced by EFL teachers.
The Distribution of Junior High School Students’ Language Awareness Across English Oral Proficiency and Oral Corrective Feedback Preference
Authors: Prakoso Ananda Rival , Munir Ahmad , Mustofa Ali
Published: June 2024

Language awareness is crucial in langage learning. It entails how language is perceived and used by the students. Language awareness cannot be separated from teaching learning process since there are many interactions between teacher and students in the class including performing oral competency, learning from mistake, giving and taking oral corrective feedback. Thus, it stil uncovered yet that language awareness is really matter in junior high school. This research tried to investigate the level of language awareness of junior high school students across their oral proficiency level. The study also aims to find out whether students' level of language awareness is significantly different or not in their English oral language proficiency. In addition, the study also arried out to find out students type preference in receiving oral corrective feedback based on their language awareness level.  This research is quantitative in nature. The data was collected from teacher archive in the form of students score and questionnaire. Then, the data was analyzed with the help of SPSS 20. The result showed that from 92 junior high school participant 35% of participants are in low level of language awareness; 32% in moderate level and 31% in high level. Based on the result, it can be concluded that majority of junior high school student are in low level of language awareness followed by moderate, and high. The analysis also showed that it retains the hypothesis of students’ language awareness level is similar across different English oral proficiency. Student with low, moderate, and high proficiency shows relatively similar level of language awareness level. Thus, the majority of students prefer explicit correction for oral corrective feedback type.
Feasibility and Effectiveness of the Results of the Development of a Teaching Module for Writing Biographical Texts Based on Project Based Learning
Authors: Puspa Resti May , Noermanzah Noermanzah , Gumono Gumono
Published: June 2024

The teaching module for writing biographical texts made by teachers at SMK Negeri 3 Kota Bengkulu is still not student-centered, making it difficult for students to write biographical texts. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a teaching module for writing biographical texts based on project-based learning. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a teaching module for writing biographical texts based on project-based learning that is feasible and effective for use by teachers and students. This type of research was Research and Development model ADDIE with the following stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection techniques in this study used documentation techniques, interviews, questionnaires, observations, and test techniques. The results of the study showed that the teaching module needed by teachers and students is a learning activity based on project-based learning. The design developed in this study consists of three important components, namely learning objectives, learning activities, and assessments. The characteristics of the development of this teaching module are at the project-based learning stage starting from determining basic questions, compiling project planning, compiling project schedules, implementing and monitoring projects, assessing project results, and evaluating experiences. The teaching module has been implemented and the results are effective to use with the results of the t-test value tcount>ttable, namely 20.66>1.68 with a Sig. value (2-tailed) of 0.001<0.05.