bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escaping The Middle Income Trap: Challenges to be Confronted by Asian Economies
Authors: Paudel Anup
Published: June 2022

Background: Several developing nations that effectively moved from low to middle-income status are subsequently caught within the middle-income trap because of the recurring economic expansion. In this situation, what should policymakers do?

 Objective: The article attempted to examine the essential factors that can substantially influence Asian nations' ability to avoid sinking into the middle-income trap. Finally, the research looked at factors that help Asia's high-income countries stop getting into this trap as their economies develop.

 Method: The paper examines the elements that are crucial for Asian economies and should deter them from slipping towards the middle-income trap using qualitative as well as quantitative methods.

 The analysis section consists of two sections: a descriptive analysis of the time patterns of different variables based on nineteen Asian economies from 1990 to 2014, and empirical research using panel regression and a panel probit regression analysis using the countries' income status as a binary variable to devise a possible policy recommendation.

 Result: According to studies, technological improvements, infrastructure development, and the demographic dividend are far more essential variables for overcoming the middle-income trap are technical improvements, infrastructure development, as well as the demographic dividend. Furthermore, governments in this area should implement optimal macroeconomic policies in order to promote growth without compromising economic stability.

 Conclusion: This study concludes that three main emphasis points should be examined when the middle-income trap needs to get addressed in the Asian region's high-income nations' growth path. They are appropriate R&D investments indicating technical advancement in research and innovation, development and realization of "soft" and "hard" infrastructure, and optimal use of the demographic dividend.
Nexus between Savings, Investment and Economic Growth in Nepal (1975-2020): Evidence from ARDL Bounds Testing Approach
Authors: Mahara Tilak Singh
Published: June 2022

Background: There are different sources of economic growth, including domestic savings for capital formation. Domestic savings mobilized into the expansion of productive capacity of an economy adds economic growth and thereby reinforces investment and savings. Gross savings and capital formation matter for the economic growth of Nepal.

Objective: The study's main objective is to inspect the nexus between gross domestic saving, gross capital formation, and economic growth in Nepal.

Methodology: This study uses the Auto-Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration. Zivot-Andrews (ZA) unit root test has been used to check for a structural break in data, and the Bounds test has been carried out to explore the existence of a long-run association between variables.

Results: The empirical outcomes pointed out a positive and significant long-run relationship between gross domestic savings, gross capital formation, and economic growth in Nepal. Zivot-Andrews unit root tests reveal a structural break in the data set. Causality result indicates a unidirectional linkage from gross investment to growth, economic growth to gross domestic saving, and a bidirectional linkage between gross domestic savings and gross investment.

Conclusion: The study concludes that an increase in the productive capability through increased saving and investment in the productive sector helps increase the economic growth in Nepal. So, gross domestic savings, gross investment, and economic growth are associated in the long run with one structural break.

Implications: The study implies that real economic growth in Nepal can be enlarged if the government of Nepal focuses on an increase in saving and make strong provisions for mobilizing and investing such savings into productive sectors of the economy.

Originality: This paper is original and has not been published in other publications. Similarly, no financial support has been received while working on this paper.

Paper Type: Research paper
Who Remembers Better? Sex Differences in Memory Among Higher Education Students in Nepal
Authors: Koirala Bhasha
Published: June 2022

There are manifestations that conclude sex plays a role in the memory function and thus sex tends to favour a memory type. This comparative study was conducted with higher education boy and girl students to assess the difference in different types of memory between sexes. The assessment done was based on Post Graduate Institute (PGI) memory scale developed by Pershad and Wig (1988). Sex was sole independent variable and dependent variables were ten memory subscales. Data collected were analysed by computing the mean and t-test. Comparison between two groups indicates significant difference in five subscales i.e., remote memory, recent memory, mental balance, attention and concentration and retention of dissimilar pairs. Among five subscales except in recent memory male score has outperformed and the difference in the score was significant. As such computing mean also demonstrated higher mean average in male side. However, the difference in memory between male and female has been demonstrated to some extent though it has followed distinct pattern.
Analisis Risiko Usaha Jasa Konsultan Pengawas Proyek Konstruksi di Surabaya
Authors: Rifaldi Tian
Published: June 2022

Construction project business has high risks. In Supervisory Consulting Services, risks can arise in the several fields; like marketing, production, and resources. The aim of this study was identifying, analyzing, responding, or controlling of dominant risks in the Supervisory Consultant Services. The data collection techniques used questionnaire and interviews with respondents. They were personals from Supervising Consultant. Data analysis used Severity Index method which was combined with the multiplication of probability and impact. Respond was carried out to the dominant risks and the categories were unacceptable and undesirable categories. For the result, there were 3 unacceptable risks and 4 undesirable risks. The risk respond was reducing the risks. Unacceptable risk category were late payment terms, poor document control, and design changes. The response was carried out by preparing documents for payment terms, conducting a review of the design before the construction process, facilitating personnel with equipment to support supervision. Undesirable risk category were inappropriate qualification documents, low progress, findings by the audit team, and lack of team work. Responses are carried out by compiling qualifications and participating in auctions according to sub-sectors, evaluating the schedule with acceleration methods, compiling technical and non-technical administrative reports for any changes, and building good communication within the team.
Education About Covid-19 And Adaptation Of The New-Normal Life Era In Kutuwetan Village Kecamatan Jetis, Ponorogo
Authors: Andriani Wiwiek Retti , Suwanto Agus Wiwit
Published: June 2022

The government's policy of removing large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) and the existence of a new-normal life policy have generated mixed perceptions and responses in the people of Kutuwetan Village, Jetis District, Ponorogo Regency. Many residents do not comply with the health protocol regarding wearing masks and washing hands on the grounds that there are new-normal recommendations (normal life). This is related to public knowledge of Covid-19 and how to live healthy behavior in the new-normal life. Therefore, community empowerment is very necessary to increase knowledge so that there is a change in people's behavior to reduce the transmission of Covid-19. The purpose of this activity is to change people's behavior by increasing knowledge and empowering the community. The activities carried out are in the form of structured education in several sessions for sub-district and village officials, representatives of community leaders, representatives of TP-PKK mothers, and representatives of Karang Taruna in Kutuwetan Village. The results of the implementation of the activities were evaluated using a questionnaire that was measured pre-post, with the average result of the pre-test score being 95% in the category of sufficient knowledge, while the post-test results the test obtained 70% good knowledge category, then there is an increase in knowledge about Covid-19 and how to prevent it as well as changes in people's behavior in clean and healthy living which is seen from washing hands, wearing masks, keeping a distance. The output of the activity is in the form of journal publication. The follow-up evaluation was carried out with the Kutuwetan Village Satgas (task-force) Covid-19.
MEMBERSAMAI ALUMNI MENINGKATKAN POTENSI DIRI PREGNANCY MASSAGE ENTERPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Indriani Ririn , Pratamaningtyas Susanti , Rahayu Dwi Estuning
Published: June 2022

Pengabdian Masyarakat diberdayakan untuk menghasilkan calon wirausahawan muda yang inovatif dan kreatif di bidang Ilmu Kebidanan, bukan hanya mampu membuka lapangan pekerjaan untuk dirinya sendiri namun juga mampu membuka lapangan pekerjaan baru untuk orang lain, khususnya alumni yang masih belum beruntung untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan yang sesuai dengan profesinya ataupun berwirausaha secara mandiri atau berkelompok. Terciptanya lapangan pekerjaan dengan cara berwirausaha ini dapat meringankan beban negara dalam membuka lapangan pekerjaan baru. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan saat ini adalah masih pada tahap tahun pertama. Sehingga direncanakan untuk tahun kedua dan ketiga dapat dilanjutkan dengan peserta yang berbeda. Hasil yang didapatkan ketrampilan pelatihan pregnancy massage kepada alumni merupakan pilihan tepat untuk memberi kesempatan bagi para alumni membuka peluang usaha baru. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang sekaligus sebagai evaluasi kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat didapatkan dari nilai pre test (dilakukan sebelum pemberian materi), post test (dilakukan setelah pemberian materi) yang mengalami kenaikan nilai pengetahuan baik dari 0 naik menjadi 10 orang (58.83%) mengalami peningkatan, pengumpulan tugas membuat video tentang Pregnancy Massage, dan membuat rencana usaha Pregnancy Massage Enterpreneurship. Ketrampilan pregnancy massage membuka lapangan pekerjaan baru
Axial-vector contributions to the HFS of muonic hydrogen
Authors: Miranda Hernández Jesús Alejandro , Roig Garcés Pablo , Sánchez Puertas Pablo
Published: June 2022

We review the axial-vector meson contributions to the HFS of muonic hydrogen. We evaluate the impact of the singly- and doubly-virtual asymptotic behavior of the transition form factors of the axial-vector mesons. As our main result, we find an opposite sign (and a factor of 2 difference) concerning previous analyses and a novel discussion of the hadronic modeling.
Evaluating a Wearable Solution for Measuring Lower Extremity Asymmetry During Landing
Authors: Räisänen Anu M. , Benson Lauren C. , Whittaker Jackie L. , Emery Carolyn A.
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

Force plates can be used to monitor landing asymmetries during rehabilitation, but they are not widely available. Accelerometer-based wearable technology may be a more feasible solution. The purpose of this article was to determine the agreement between impact accelerations measured with force plates and accelerometer-derived measures of (1) centre of mass (COM) acceleration and (2) tibial acceleration asymmetries during bilateral landings.

Method:

Participants completed three countermovement jumps (CMJ) and three squat jumps (SJ) on dual force plates with triaxial accelerometers attached to each tibia and lower back, near the COM. Bland and Altman 95% limits of agreement (95% LOA) were calculated.

Results:

19 adults ( n = 11; 58% women, n = 8; 42% men) participated in the study. The mean differences between impact and COM accelerations were 0.24 g (95% LOA: −1.34 g to 1.82 g) and 0.38 g (95% LOA: −1.15 to 1.91 g) for the CMJ and SJ, respectively. The mean differences between the impact and tibial acceleration-based lower limb asymmetries in the CMJ and SJ were −6% (95% LOA: −32% to 19%) and 0% (95% LOA: −45% to 45%), respectively.

Conclusions:

Our findings show acceptable agreement between impact acceleration and accelerometer-based COM acceleration and lack of agreement between impact accelerations and accelerometer-based tibial acceleration asymmetries. COM acceleration could be used to quantify landing impacts during rehabilitation, but we do not consider the accelerometer-based asymmetry measures to be a suitable alternative for force plate-based measures. Future work should focus on determining normative values for lower extremity asymmetries during landing tasks.
Muş İli ve Çevresinin Depremsellik Parametrelerinin Uzaysal Dağılımı ve Maksimum Magnitüd Değeri
Authors: ANADOLU KILIÇ Nazlı Ceyla
Published: June 2022

Yapılan çalışmada Muş il merkezli (38.73ºK Enlem ve 41.49ºD Boylam) 200 km yarıçapındaki dairesel alanın depremsellik parametreleri, depremsellik parametrelerinin uzaysal dağılımı ve maksimum magnitüd değeri belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla 1900-2020 yılları arasında meydana gelen M≥3.0 olan deprem verileri Kandilli Rasathanesi ve Deprem Araştırma Enstitüsü deprem kataloğundan alınmıştır. Depremsellik parametrelerinin belirlenebilmesi ve haritalanabilmesi için çalışma alanı 0.25°Kx0.25°D r=0.25 olacak şekilde 285 alt bölgeye ayrılmıştır. Hesaplama yapılabilen her bir alt alanda Gutenberg-Richter bağıntısındaki “b” katsayısı En Büyük Olasılık Yöntemi kullanılarak, depremsellik parametreleri ise Poisson Modeline göre hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar sonucunda çalışma alanının 0.60≤b≤0.97 aralığında değişim gösteren nispeten küçük “b” değerleri ile karakterize olduğu görülmüştür. Mw=5.5 ve Mw=6.0 magnitüd değerlerindeki depremlerin tekrarlanma periyotlarının sırası ile 10≤Tr≤290 ve 25≤Tr≤775 aralıklarında değişim gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Aynı magnitüd değerlerinin 50 ve 100 yıllık zaman dilimleri içerisinde yaratacağı ortalama tehlike oranı değerleri ise yine sırası ile 0.80 ve 0.74 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma alanının tamamını kapsayacak “mmax” değerinin belirlenebilmesi için yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda 7.2≤mmax≤7.3 aralığının olası-güvenilir olduğu bunun için de Kijko-Sellevol-Bayes teorisinin daha uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Analysis of the Mutanaqisah Musyarakah Contract as a Solution for Home Ownership Financing in Islamic Banking
Authors: Nurhayati Yuli , Hasan Asyari
Published: June 2022

The need for residential houses is currently increasing. Islamic financial institutions, especially Islamic banking, offer a variety of products and services to face the needs of the community. Murabahah contracts are still a prima donna product in Indonesia, but murabahah has many weaknesses in its implementation. The presence of musyarakah mutanaqisah can be the best solution for property ownership for the community. The research method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis and literature. This study aims to analyze the implementation and advantages of musyarakah mutanaqisah contracts in financing home ownership in Islamic banking. The results of the analysis show that the implementation of MMQ can be a solution for the community in fulfilling their prerequisites, but there are many things in musyarakah mutanaqisah that must be understood so that this product can run well in Indonesia. The benefits of musyarakah mutanaqisah contracts for customers are financing with relatively longer terms and additional spare parts that are more affordable.
Islamophobia: Definition, History, and Aspects
Authors: Jaber Nihaya
Published: June 2022

This literature review draws on the available evidence regarding Islamophobia in the West. Despite the revolutionary ideas in regard to human rights, Muslims are still being persecuted in different countries and mistreated daily. Islamophobia is a current dilemma for Muslims who are suffering from a lot of abuse as a result of misconceptions about Islam in the face of the refugee crisis, some events in the Middle East, terrorism under the pretext of Islam, and prejudicial representation of Muslims in Western media and politics. Consequently, Muslims in the West are frequently misconstrued and affected badly because of their religion. This paper starts by defining the word ‘Islamophobia’ and tracking its origin. Then it tries to look back in history for the main events leading to the eruption of this phenomenon. Lastly, it sheds light on four aspects of Islamophobia which are violence, prejudice, discrimination, and exclusion.
Holding back the years? Tradition and innovation in family wineries
Authors: Heidrich Balázs , Vajdovich Nóra , Németh Krisztina , Németh Szilárd
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to discuss the findings of our research on Hungarian family wineries’ economic and non-economic goals in the context of innovation and tradition. The coexistence of the seemingly contradictory principles of tradition and innovation can have a variety of effects on innovation strategies. The loyalty to tradition and the pursuit of innovation can help companies to develop successful products or services but can also hinder the development of an organisation. Our research reveals new findings concerning Hungarian family wineries: innovation, development, and improvement challenges are nearly entirely focused on products, technological processes, and wineries are more aware of environmental stewardship. From an organisational and management point of view, no development or improvement objectives have been identified in the case of the enterprises examined.
Piperacillin/tazobactam in modern clinical practice
Authors: Igor Bereznyakov
Published: June 2022

Piperacillin/tazobactam represents a combination of the ureidopenicillin and the lactamase inhibitor. The antibiotic is the drug of choice for the treatment of severe infections, primarily in surgical and intensive care units. The area of clinical use of piperacillin/tazobactam includes intra-abdominal infections, skin and soft tissues infections, late nosocomial pneumonias, including ones in the context of the covid -19 pandemic, and infections of other localizations. The effectiveness of the intervention increases with intravenous administration of the drug by the method of prolonged infusions. A high susceptibility of most causative pathogens of wound infection to piperacillin/ tazobactam has been established in Ukraine (with the exception of Klebsiella spp. and non-fermenting bacteria). The drug can be used in patients with a history of allergic reactions to lactams; preliminary allergological testing is indicated only in cases of allergy to aminopenicillins and aminocephalosporins. The first domestic piperacillin/tazobactam under the name Refex is registered on the Ukrainian market.
Private, Public and Common
Authors: Laín Bru , Manjarín Edgar
Published: June 2022

The conception of property is usually moulded upon diverting historical and political-philosophical frameworks. The current interest on the commons illustrates these divergences when they come up between a ‘pure’ public and a ‘pure’ private form of ownership. This conceptual triad misleads by conflating private property with an absolute property right while equating public property with a centralised political regime. This article traces the republican conception of property in order to show how it draws a legal and philosophical continuum around different forms of ownership, based on a fiduciary principle underlying the relationship between the sovereign or principal (trustor) and its agent (trustee). Despite modern socialism apparently left aside the question of the commons, the republican-fiduciary rationale was reformulated according to the modern industrial capitalist society.
Estilos de apego y perfil de dificultades en la regulación emocional en una muestra de adolescentes femeninas (16-19 años)
Authors: Alcindor-Huelva P. , Delgado Campos A. , Izquierdo Morejón F. J. , Faya Barrios M.
Published: June 2022

Introducción: El mundo emocional tiene un gran impacto en la vida de las personas. La regulación de las emociones influye significativamente en la calidad de vida y su falta es un factor de riesgo para la aparición de trastornos mentales (ansiedad, depresión, trastorno por estrés post-traumático, autolesiones…). Uno de los elementos que interviene en el desarrollo de la regulación emocional es el estilo de apego. Objetivos: El objetivo principal es estimar la puntuación total y las variables del cuestionario DERS para posteriormente comparar el perfil de las dificultades en la regulación emocional. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal. El tamaño muestral es 63 sujetos femeninas. Se administraron un cuestionario socio-demográfico, CaMir-R (evaluación del apego en adolescentes), DERS (Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emocional) en población adolescentes (16-19 años). Resultados: Hay una diferencia significativa en las dificultades en la regulación emocional en las pacientes según su estilo de apego, principalmente en la variable de Desatención, Descontrol emocional y puntuación total. Se encontró una correlación negativa moderada entre la puntuación de Seguridad del cuestionario Ca-Mir-R y la puntuación total del cuestionario de DERS. Sin embargo solo un 8% de la variabilidad de la puntuación total DERS es explicado por la Seguridad Ca-Mir-R. Conclusiones: Las adolescentes con un estilo de apego inseguro tienen más dificultades para reconocer e identificar sus emociones, y para controlar sus conductas cuando se encuentran bajo un estado emocional intenso. Se justificaría la realización de más estudios, con una especial atención a los distintos estilos de apego inseguros.
Understanding the Emerging Perspectives of Taste Masking of Bitter Drugs for Enhancing Patient Compliance: A Bird’s Eye Review
Authors: Bhakare Shweta , Pise Ajay G.
Published: June 2022

Scientists struggle to conceal the bitterness of medications. Many oral medicines and bulking agents are bitter. Bitterness masking is vital for patient compliance. Many formulations with increased performance and acceptance have been developed to improve palatability. The disagreeable taste of formulation has been disguised by sensory, barrier, chemical, and complexity methods. Taste is acknowledged as a crucial component in patient compliance, especially in youngsters, where acceptability and hence ease of administration may be considerably altered. The methods used to hide the taste of medications are detailed in this review. Taste is a key factor in oral product adoption. Many oral medications, foods, and bulking agents have unpleasant bitter flavours. Oral administration of bitter medications is a major concern for health care practitioners, particularly for juvenile patients. Masking a drug’s disagreeable taste increases patient compliance and thereby profits. Various known procedures have been used to remove or reduce the bitterness of these medications, but no generally applicable methodology has been identified.
Assessing the Potential Resistance of Floating Vegetations Against Different Flow Rates
Authors: AKYOL Bayram , DUAN Xuanhua , YEŞİLEKİN Nebi
Published: June 2022

Constructed floating wetlands (CFWs) have been rising an innovative and environment-friendly water treatment technology for both stormwater and wastewater over the decades. For the sustainability of these systems, hydraulic components of wetland should be very well monitored and managed. This study examined the root resistance of Baumea rubiginosa (PA) and Phragmites australis (PB) grown in normal drinking water and a synthetic water mix representing stormwater and domestic wastewater with low and high nutrient content against different flow rates. With the nutrient uptakes from intermediate bulk container (IBC) water tanks, two plant species had reached at harvest stage over the period of 35 weeks, and then they were subjected to flume test experiment. Two plant species from five different water types showed different growth levels in roots and shoots, and thanks to their stronger and denser root structures, plant species of PA and PB in domestic wastewater with low nutrient were found more resistant to the flow by pushing water deeper and cause a higher hydraulic head loss between upstream and downstream in comparison to the rest of plant types. The relationship between three different components root volume, flow rate and head loss was also analysed through correlation test in SPSS and the relationship between root volume and head loss was found positive at the higher flow rate(s). The results demonstrate that these native plant species in CFWs could be used to reduce extreme flow rates in upstream side and provide a safe environment during extreme flood events.
FORMATION OF STUDENTS' READINESS FOR SELF-EDUCATION AS A CURRENT PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM
Authors: Dereza I.S.
Published: June 2022

This article deals with one of the most important problems in the sphere of education now - the problem of formation of readiness of students to the self-education.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CREATIVE ACTIVITY AS A MEANS OF FORMING FUNCTIONAL COMPETENCE FUTURE TEACHER
Authors: Sorokina O.O.
Published: June 2022

In this article the characteristic of creative activity as a way of formation of students functional competence is described.
LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION PROCESSES
Authors: Hamanyuk V.A.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with influence of integration and globalization processes on the role offoreign languages and methods of their studying in European countries.
ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF TEACHING ENVIRONMENT AND THE BASICS OF SAFETY IN A COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL
Authors: Holovko O.N. , Hryhoryev E.F. , Liy V.A.
Published: June 2022

The problems arising teaching in average comprehensive schools of ecology and bases of safety of ability to live are analyzed the ways of increase of quality of knowledge are offered.
GROUP WORK IN THE SCHOOL DIDACTIC SYSTEM
Authors: Hryhorenko L.V. , Kravtsova A.O.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the problem concerning the role of group work in the process of schoolchildren learning. Group work in school didactics is considered to be a universal organizational form of educational process in modem schools. Scholars' and pedagogues' research on group work is supported by teachers in process of learning at school. However, a number of shortages of experimental checks on introduction of the forms of group work in educational process have caused numeral researches devoted to this problem.
STUDENT SELF-GOVERNMENT OF SENIOR STUDENTS AS A SOCIAL ORDER
Authors: Kosenchuk O.H.
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the views of scholars on the concept of "students' self-government, the role, and place of business of the pupils' self in the process of actialization of the individual leader-paired.
DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS BY PROJECT METHOD
Authors: Kovshar O.V.
Published: June 2022

In the article an author examines possibilities of method of projects for development of educational activity of students, forming of cognitive activity and selects the value of project activity in becoming of personality of junior schoolboy.
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF INCREASE QUALITIES OF VOCAL AND CHORAL WORK IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING STUDENTS
Authors: Viktorova M.V.
Published: June 2022

It is important for receiving positive results in a vocal-choral work to know and to create pedagogical conditions of rising of the quality of the vocal-choral work in the process of pupils education. Pedagogical conditions of forming of quality of vocal-choral work mean specially created conditions owing to which deep understanding of aesthetic content of a musical composition are carried out and its influence to the personality strengthen.
Kral Davut ile Golyat İkonografisi Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz
Authors: TERCANLI Akın
Published: June 2022

Samuel-I kitabındaki bilgilere göre genç bir çoban iken Filistiler ile İsrailoğulları arasındaki savaşa kendi istediğiyle dâhil olan Hz. Davut (M.Ö. 1010-940), İsrail halkına meydan okuyan iri cüsseli Golyat adındaki savaşçıya karşı çıkmıştır. Düşmanın saldırısını ustaca savuşturan genç Davut, elindeki sapanla alnının ortasından vurarak Golyat’ı önce yere sermiş ardından da onun üzerine çıkarak kılıçla başını kesmiştir. Meydan okuma vasıtasıyla gerçekleşen bu hadise Davut’un askeri ve siyasi kariyerini de başlatmıştır. Tasvir sanatları açısından özellikle Avrupa resminde çok geniş yer tutan bu ikonografik konu hem Tevrat hem de Kur’an-ı Kerim’de detaylı bir şekilde açıklanmaktadır. İki din arasındaki ortak ikonografik metni dikkatli bir şekilde analiz ettiğimizde tek farkın Hz. Davut yerine “Kral David” Golyat yerine de “Câlût” denmesiyle sınırlı olmadığı bir başka ifade ile kutsal anlatılardaki tek farkın “isim değişikliği” olmadığı görülür. Orta doğu kaynaklı iki dinin, aynı ikonografik metinleri farklı yorumlamasıyla başlayan değişimler, İslamiyet’in kutsal kişiliklerin tasvirini yasaklayan genel tutumu ve Hristiyanlığın bu konudaki “serbest” yaklaşımı sanat açısından konunun daha farklı bir zeminde ilerlemesine doğrudan olanak sağlamıştır. Biz de bu çalışmamızda semavi dinlerin kutsal olarak kabul ettiği ancak sadece İslamiyet’in “Peygamber” sıfatıyla benimsediği Hz. Davut’un tarih sahnesine çıkmasına sebep olan bir mücadeleyi ikonografik açıdan karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde ele alacağız. Çalışmamızın temel amacı Hz. Davut ve Golyat ikonografisinin dinler arasındaki metinsel farklılıkları ve bu farklılıkların sanatsal izdüşümlerini incelemektir.
Unreasonably Caused (on the Essence of Evil)
Authors: Fatenkov Aleksey
Published: June 2022

A hypothesis is presented and justified, according to which the essence of evil is considered as something that is unreasonably caused. The author's arguments are supported by the conceptual interrelation between the following three statements: 1) dialectically conflicting interpretation of evil; 2) traditional classification of evil as an unvalue; 3) suspicious attitude towards causality, which is characteristic of philosophical schools that are not strictly rationalistically oriented. By differentiating causation and founding, evil differs from good, which is understood in its essence as something unreasonably (extra casually) founded. Within the conceptual matrix of “causation and founding” some other meaningful ethical phenomena are determined, in particular, indifference. To support his hypothesis, the author uses, first of all, modernist style texts (or texts that are read as modernist ones) both of realistic and religious orientation, by interpreting them. In the meaningful explanation of the essence of evil as of something that is unreasonably caused, special emphasis is given to the F.M. Dostoevsky’s characters — Kirillov and Stavrogin. Attention is paid to the semantic nuances of the termed word combination (when bringing together the “unreasonableness” with the «involuntariness» and “inadvertence”). When drawing conclusions, the author emphasizes that evil cannot do in its manifestation without a causal action, which is absolutely formal, but at the same time solely reliably ascertained reason of an evil deed drowning in a lot of reasons that are empirically meaningful, but pretty speculative ones. Causality provokes and protects evil. Indifference being the thing that is reasonably not caused constitutes evil deeds that are turned inside out. Total indifference is indistinguishable from interminable evil. The “free” causality that is rationalistically confident cannot overcome nature's indifference to humans (which, however, can never be complete or thorough) and cannot support freedom (which is belittled by any causality) it the latter’s nurturing of good. And last but not least, good and evil are not that asymmetric so that a final victory of one over the other would be possible, and not that symmetric, too, so that the struggle for good against evil would become meaningless and hopeless.
Functional approach to the design of norms of Civil and Entrepreneurial Law
Authors: Efimov Anatoly V.
Published: June 2022

This article examines the regulatory nature of the norm of law. Based on a functional approach to the construction of legal norms, it is proposed to describe the norm as a function in which the legal consequences embodied in dispositions or sanctions are dependent on certain circumstances whose properties are reflected in the hypothesis. In particular, the functional dependence of the legal consequences on certain circumstances is shown by the example of doctrinal approaches to determining the amount of compensation for moral damage by the formula. The author substantiates that the valuation concepts inherent in modern law can be used to describe functional dependencies as coefficients that are estimated by the law enforcement within the given ranges of values.
It seems that a functional approach to the construction of legal norms will significantly affect law enforcement practice. Formulas of functional dependencies can form the basis of computer programs, which will automatically determine for the law enforcer the totality of relevant variables to be evaluated, as well as the totality of legal consequences depending on the specific circumstances of the case.
Civil Law, civil legal relations, innovative technologies, legal regulation of innovation, artificial intelligence
Authors: Koval Vladimir N.
Published: June 2022

Civil law regulation of innovation activity is one of the most important factors in the development and efficiency of the economy. The article examines and analyzes the question of the legal origin of the concept of “innovation”, “innovation activity”, the main European and national normative legal acts of Civil Law in the field of innovation are studied. Applying various scientific methods, the author draws specific conclusions and recommendations that allow us to foresee the legal risks of the development of innovative activity.
Certain aspects of the law enforcement practice of taking preliminary interim measures in accordance with article 144.1 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Lepeshin Dmitry A.
Published: June 2022

The article examines the features of preliminary interim measures for disputes on the protection of copyright and associated intellectual property on the Internet and specific aspects of law enforcement practice of their adoption Article 1441 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation.
The authors note that the peculiarity of applications for preliminary protection of copyright and (or) associated intellectual property rights (except for the rights to photographic works and works obtained by methods similar to photographs on the Internet) is the possibility of their submission to the Court by filling out a unique electronic form, posted on the official website of the Moscow City Court, and signing with an exclusively enhanced qualified electronic signature belonging to an individual authorized to act on behalf and in the interests of the applicant (as by a power of attorney, and by the post held in the case of representing the interests of a legal entity).
The documents’ requirements to be submitted by applicants simultaneously with the application for insufficient protection of copyright and (or) associated intellectual property rights (mandatory requisites) are noted, as well as the legal consequences of failure to submit such documents or their non-compliance with the established requirements.
The authors conclude that the copyright holder has the right to demand restrictions on access to information resources that distribute not only objects of copyright and (or) associated intellectual property rights but also the information necessary for obtaining them using information and telecommunications networks. This is because posting information on the sale of audiovisual works on websites without the copyright holder's consent, including links for downloading them, is one of the forms of distribution of such objects.
The article discusses the peculiarity of trademark rights protection, including cases of its illegal use on a website on the Internet, and also expresses an opinion on the possibility of claiming the protection of rights to stylized artistic images that are not a trademark by the procedure provided for in Article 1441 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, even if their illegal use consists in placing photographs of relevant artistic images, drawings on the website page without the consent of the copyright holder.
The first Soviet Criminal Code: conceptual framework and general characteristics (To the 100th anniversary of the adoption)
Authors: Chuchaev Alexander I.
Published: June 2022

The article reveals the background of the preparation of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR of 1922, the reasons for the codification, the characteristics of the criminal legislation in force in 1917 - 1922 are given, its classification is carried out (three groups of norms are identified, firstly, defining the essence of the new Criminal Law; secondly, brought to life by the current mo-ment and, in the third, transient), the drafts of the Criminal Code of the General Advisory De-partment of the People’s Commissariat of the RSFSR and the section of Judicial Law and Criminology of the Institute of Soviet Law are analyzed, the conceptual foundations of the first Criminal Code of the RSFSR and the characteristics of its General and Special parts are presented, the significance of the Code for further the development of legislation and the science of Criminal Law.
On the significance of the translation of the Codex Iustinianus into Russian: the view of a legal historian
Authors: Lysenko Olga L.
Published: June 2022

The review of the translation into Russian of the 6th book of the Codex Iustinianus shows the significance of this translation, and also notes that an important primary source is being introduced into domestic scientific circulation. Attention is drawn to the fact that the very high quality of the 6th book of the Codex Iustinianus into Russian was provided by a team of translators who managed to take into account all aspects of this late Roman source of law: legal, linguistic and historical, and thus avoid many errors and inaccuracies
The family tree of Stepan Smal-Stotsky
Authors: Dobrzhanskyi Oleksandr , Tsmukh Petro
Published: June 2022

У статті досліджується історія родини відомого ученого та громадського діяча С.Смаль-Стоцького. Відзначено, що батьки ученого були селянами середнього достатку. Він мав трьох братів і чотирьох сестер. Велику роль у його вихованні відіграли дідусь і бабуся по батьковій лінії. Простежити коріння С.Смаль-Стоцького можливо тільки до другої половини ХVІІІ ст., бо більш давніх метричних книг по його рідному селу немає. Велика увага приділена дослідженню розвитку сімʼї після того, як С.Смаль-Стоцький одружився з Емілією з родини Заревичів. Показано життєвий шлях кожного з їхніх дітей ‒ Ірини, Романа, Нестора, внуків та правнуків. Родина Смаль-Стоцьких дала кілька відомих імен учених, громадських діячів. На жаль, жоден з дітей не зміг залишитися на українських землях, світові війни розкидали їх по різних країнах і континентах. Але їхні нащадки пам’ятають про С.Смаль-Стоцького, про що свідчать їхні спогади, листи, повідомлення в соціальних мережах.
Participation of the Ukrainian Social Democratic Union in the work of the general imperial congresses and conferences of the RSDLP in 1905–1907
Authors: Dubinskiy Volodymyr , Fedkov Oleksandr
Published: June 2022

The article finds out that after joining the RSDLP 2 (15) February 1905, USDU participated in the activities of the latter, as evidenced, in particular, the active work of its representatives in the imperial conferences and congresses of the Russian Social Democratic Party. The first forum with the participation of a representative of the Union was the Mensheviks All-Russia Conference of Party Officials in the spring of 1905. The latter acknowledged the achievements of the allies in working among the peasantry and ordered them, together with the Mensheviks Organization Committee, to convene a conference of agitators who worked in the given direction and to reprint in Russian popular publications already published in Ukrainian. The representative of the USDU, P. Tuchapskyi, took part in the Second All-Russian Congress of Menshevist (November 1905). The documentary materials of this forum testified to the continuation of the work of the unions in the villages of most of the Ukrainian provinces of the Russian Empire. The delegate of the Union considered it was necessary to carry out theoretical insights into the agrarian question and its discussion in the party press. Three representatives of the USDU were present at the 4th (unifying) congress of the RSDLP (April-May 1906). It was then that the process of association of the Union and the Kyiv District Organization had also been completed. The minutes of the forum testified that USDU representatives opposed the USDRP’s membership in the Russian Marxist Party. The union campaigned actively to increase its representation at the 5th Congress of the RSDLP in May-June 1907. Because of the events held at this forum, the union members formed one of the largest delegations, numbering twelve party members. The mentioned testified to transforming the USDU into one of the most influential communities in the Russian Marxist Party. At the same time, the participation of the organization in the Russian Social Democratic Party, the character of the activities of the organization, showed that it worked on a project that was presented to its creators as a «Russian socialist republic».
Military actions and activities of the Russian and Austrian administrations in Pokuttya in 1914-1915
Authors: Korolko Andrii
Published: June 2022

The run of military operations on the one of the strips of the Eastern front – Pokuttya as a part of the Western Ukrainian land territory is studied in the article. The preconditions of the war are shown by the author; the characteristic features of the military mobilization of the Austrian and Hungarian army on the territory of Pokuttya on the eve and at the beginning of the war are defined; the peculiarities of the Russian regime formation on the land are revealed; not simple relations between the occupying authority and the local population are traced.The eve and beginning of the World War I showed the escalation of mass political hysteria on the part of the Austro-Hungarian authorities. The official authorities were prejudiced against the population of the region, accusing it of Russophilia. At the same time, local authorities tried to demonstrate their loyalty to the Austrian emperor by holding a series of «patriotic» events.The capture of Pokuttya by the Russians in the autumn of 1914 was accompanied by the requisition of inventory and property, the persecution of representatives of the Ukrainian national movement and residents of Jewish nationality, and the brutality of Russian Cossack units. The hostilities of 1915 showed the weakness of the positions of Russian troops in Pokuttya. In some parts of the front, the positions of the warring parties often changed, which, in turn, depleted the material resources of the inhabitants of the region. In the early summer of 1915, Austrian troops liberated Pokuttya for a time. However, the events of 1916 will show that the front in the territory of Eastern Galicia will «come to life» and this will lead to a brutal, but short-lived, occupation of Pokuttya by Russian troops.The problem of Russian occupation in the current foreign policy situation is more important for our country than ever, and the occupation practice used on the Crimean peninsula and in Eastern Ukraine has its historical analogies with the period 1914-1915. That is why from the standpoint of protection of state sovereignty, national security, the study of this problem becomes especially relevant.
Representation of Cinematographic Postmemory about Symon Petlіura on the Example of the Movie «P.K.P.»
Authors: Khrystan Nazarii , Herehova Svitlana
Published: June 2022

The proposed study focuses on the problem of the conflict of memories of Symon Petliura in modern Ukraine. Looking for reasons for the ambiguous perception of the figure of the Chief Otaman, the author draws readers’ views on ways to construct the image of «alien / enemy» in the Soviet Union.One example of this ideological mechanism of influencing public consciousness has been and remains the way to visualize the memory of the past with the help of films. The construction of memory in the cultural space has concentrated all possible mechanisms of influence on the social consciousness, especially cinema. The Bolsheviks realized very early on the huge role of cinema as a means of influencing mass culture. With the help of cinema, the party leadership sought to form a «correct» view of reality, thus educating the people in the spirit of «communism and internationalism».The film «P.K.P» became a vivid embodiment of the Soviet propaganda machine and contributed to the formation of the image of «Petliura-enemy». The film has long been out of research attention and only at the beginning of the 21st century became available to the mass public. An important role in the creation of the film was played by the figure of Yurii Tiutiunnyk – General of the Army of the Ukrainian National Republic. Based on his memory, we can reconstruct in details the historical background of the film.The Chief Otaman continues to be the embodiment of controversy in the cultural memory of Ukrainians – a hero of the Ukrainian revolution and a traitor.
Sovietization in the educational space of the Rivne region (1939–1941)
Authors: Dobrochynska Valentyna
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the transformation of the education system in the western Ukrainian lands after the fall of Polish statehood in 1939 and their annexation to Soviet Ukraine. On the example of one of the six new administrative-territorial entities – the Rivne region, the Sovietization of education: the creation of a network of secondary and vocational schools, Ukrainization, the elimination of illiteracy, and the development of communist ideology was studied.Unification of the educational process in the western regions of Ukraine following the current in the USSR and the quantitative growth of schools required the training of teachers with established Marxist-Leninist worldviews. To provide educational institutions with skilled workers, the Soviet leadership has created three pedagogical schools in the Rivne region – in Ostroh, Dubrovytsia, Derman; the first higher educational institution – Rovno State Teachers’ Institute; Rovno Institute for Teacher Training for retraining local staff, as well as has organized the arrival of teachers from the central and eastern regions of Soviet Ukraine.The atmosphere of Soviet everyday life, the working conditions of teachers during the years of the totalitarian regime are highlighted, the specific examples of punitive and repressive actions against teachers and students are shown. Educational work was an important component of the educational process in educational institutions, which was based on political and ideological principles, the core of which was the formation of communist beliefs, internationalism, atheism, and militarism in students.During the first period of Sovietization, education was reorganized, the number of schools and students in the cities and villages of the Rivne region increased. The structure of the general educational institutions of Rivne, which took into account the national composition of student youth, was analyzed, and therefore most subjects were taught in the native language. Attention is drawn to the assimilation policy of the Soviet government, which instilled the Russian language in urban schools, while the declared Ukrainization concerned more rural schools in Ukraine.