bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on China's Healthcare Development Issues Based on the Grey Forecasting Model
Authors: Xu Qing , Liu Yiyao , Zhang Yiming
Published: February 2025

This paper focuses on four major issues and provides in-depth analysis. For issue one, the three-spline interpolation method is used to fill missing data, and the IQR method and box plot are employed to detect and remove outliers. The growth trend of medical institutions in different regions is analyzed. For issue two, principal component analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the dimensionality of healthcare resource allocation indicators, with the applicability of the analysis determined by the KMO and Bartlett tests. The relationship between resource allocation and regions is analyzed using the variance explanation table and Spearman correlation coefficient, while Moran's I index reveals spatial distribution characteristics. For issue three, the ARIMA model is used to predict the number of medical institutions in various regions over the next five years, with data stationarity tests and parameter optimization conducted. The models predictive ability is assessed through MSE. For issue four, the Pearson correlation coefficient is used to analyze key factors influencing the number of medical institutions, such as population aging and GDP, and the grey forecasting model is applied to predict future trends. The study shows that population aging and regional development imbalance will continue to affect the number of medical institutions, and economic development is highly correlated with healthcare levels. The paper proposes strategies to optimize the healthcare system, expand medical insurance coverage, and promote technological innovation, emphasizing the importance of addressing public health systems and the aging challenge.
Modeling user autonomy in recommender systems using Markov perturbation-based multi-armed bandits
Authors: Yang Yuxuan
Published: February 2025

Recommender systems play a critical role in e-commerce, streaming media, and other fields, where user engagement is vital to platform success. These systems, however, face challenges like the cold start problem, which limits recommendation accuracy for new users and items due to sparse data. Although multi-armed bandit (MAB) algorithms are considered effective for balancing exploration and exploitation, existing studies lack simulations of algorithm performance in scenarios where recommender systems indirectly influence user choices, limiting insights for performance improvements in real-world applications. This study explores the performance of key MAB algorithmsExplore-Then-Commit (ETC), Upper Confidence Bound (UCB), and Thompson Sampling (TS)under a novel framework that models user behavior as an unreliable intermediate using Markov state transitions. This Markov perturbation-based approach provides a foundation for indirectly influencing user decisions. Two algorithmic frameworks are examined: one considering only the recommendation system's influence on user choices, and another also considering user feedback as a dynamic influence on state transition probabilities. Results show that, while considering user feedback increases adaptability, it also causes greater volatility. TS achieves the lowest cumulative regret with strong stability, while Asymptotic-UCB achieves a better balance between exploration and exploitation than standard UCB, with consistent adaptability under varying feedback. In contrast, ETC demonstrates significant volatility, highlighting its limitations in feedback-driven scenarios. These findings provide valuable insights for enhancing MAB algorithms in real-world cold start recommendation applications, especially where systems influence user choices indirectly.
Bioelectric sensor and its application in medical signal acquisition
Authors: Wang Yiyang
Published: February 2025

As the cornerstone of the bridge between life science and mechatronics, bioelectrical sensors have made significant progress in various scientific fields in recent years. Despite some drawbacks, this sensor distinguishes itself from others in the sense of its revolutionary sensitivity and accuracy. This paper will start from summarizing their existing technologies in the fields of medical treatment, environmental monitoring, industrial manufacturing and agricultural production, and discussing their breakthrough achievements in frontier science. Then, this paper will focus on the analysis of the research results of bioelectrical sensors in the acquisition of ECG, EEG and EMG signals, respectively emphasizing their high-precision, high resolution and immediacy, which are essential for modern medicine to detect human signals. Additionally, the paper will briefly discuss some recentpopular technologies, such as enhancing the comfort of patients wearing ECG monitoring equipment, as well as the fields favored by cutting-edge science - brain computer interface and the new bionic structure of EMG sensors, giving a comprehensive understanding of bioelectric sensors.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis and Comprehensive Management Strategies
Authors: Yu Xiaohan
Published: February 2025

A common pregnancy problem, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), is caused by impaired glucose and carbohydrate metabolism that is initially identified during pregnancy. Because GDM has a major influence on the health of mothers and infants, its rising prevalence has made it a serious public health concern. The multifaceted pathophysiology of GDM, which includes insulin resistance, genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, and lifestyle variables, is reviewed in this article. It highlights the serious short-term hazards, such macrosomia and gestational hypertension, as well as the long-term effects, like a higher chance of type 2 diabetes in both mothers and their children. Effective management of GDM requires a multifaceted approach, encompassing dietary adjustments, physical activity, regular blood glucose monitoring, and pharmacological interventions when necessary. Public health strategies promoting low-glycemic index and high-fiber diets, alongside interventions targeting obesity and physical inactivity, are vital to reducing GDM incidence. Furthermore, this study highlights gaps in understanding the influence of social, cultural, and economic factors on GDM management and emphasizes the need for future research to develop inclusive, personalized strategies to address these disparities effectively.
Global Warming and Island Ecosystems: Evolutionary Adaptations in Heat Resistance
Authors: Li Can
Published: February 2025

Global warming has significantly altered ecosystems, especially in isolated islands and nearby coastal biomes, where organisms face increased thermal stress and climatic disturbances. These distinctive ecological systems serve as natural laboratories for examining the evolutionary responses of organisms to increased temperatures. This research undertakes a comparative analysis of paleontological evidence and extant species within island ecosystems to elucidate genomic divergences and their evolutionary trajectories, further elucidating the mechanisms underlying thermotolerance adaptation. This study rigorously investigates the roles of natural selection and adaptive mechanisms in enhancing thermotolerance among organisms by integrating palaeobiological datasets and molecular genomic analyses. The review consolidates findings in three primary areas: reconstructing paleoclimatic thermal environments from fossil records, elucidating the physiological and molecular mechanisms of thermotolerance in extant taxa, and assessing climate change as a selective pressure in adaptive evolution. This study consolidates evidence from various perspectives to elucidate the impacts of global warming on evolutionary trajectories and underscores the substantial ecological ramifications of climate-induced selective pressures.
Systematic analysis on conduction and effects of electric current to and through the human body
Authors: Zhu Xuanyi
Published: February 2025

In recent years, electricity has become increasingly prevalent in different aspects of peoples life, from communication to industrial production, due to the development of science and technology. As electricity is an integral part of daily life, its risks are frequently overlooked, especially in scenarios involving electrical accidents during production, transmission, and consumption. This paper provides a systematic analysis of the conduction and effects of electric current to and through the human body, emphasizing the potentially life-threatening risks often neglected in daily electricity usage. The study delves into the mechanisms of alternating and direct current conduction, the protective role of skin resistance, as well as a simplified and practical model of current path in the human body. In addition, various types of electrical contact, including step and touch potentials, lightning strikes, contact with conductors, and electric shock drowning, are also examined to highlight their physiological impacts, ranging from minor injuries to fatal outcomes. Lastly, the paper reviews key safety protocols, standards, and protective measures designed to reduce the risk of electrical injuries, underscoring the need for increased public awareness and adherence to safety practices.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications and Optimization Analysis
Authors: Huo Yongzhen
Published: February 2025

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a sophisticated medical imaging technique predominantly used in medical diagnostics and research. It leverages the unique properties of atomic nuclei under magnetic fields and radio waves to create high-detail, high-contrast 3D images, providing doctors with unparalleled views of the body's interior. This article aims to explore the application scope and optimization strategies of MRI, in order to provide more accurate and reliable imaging support for medical diagnosis. Through reasonable image optimization and parameter adjustment, such as adjusting magnetic field strength, selecting appropriate pulse sequences, etc., image quality can be further improved, artifacts and noise can be reduced, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy. MRI is of paramount importance in neurology, cardiology, and orthopedics, as it aids in diagnosing tumors, vascular issues, and joint injuries. By optimizing image quality through adjustments to magnetic field strengths and pulse sequences, diagnostic precision can be significantly enhanced. This exploration highlights MRI's broad applicability and the strategies employed to refine its output, ensuring more reliable imaging support for accurate medical diagnoses.
Potential Application of CRISPR Technology in the Development of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Cong Yuanzhou
Published: February 2025

Cancer has already become one of the major factors impacting the life expectancy of humans. From long ago, treatments for different types of cancer have been developed in many ways. Among many technologies applied to cancer treatment, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) gene editing and Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) are two popular technologies. Currently, there have already been mature treatments for some of the cancers based on these two technologies. Many studies have been conducted to develop new treatments based on CRISPR or ICI, and there are also many ongoing studies in the meantime. However, the potential combination of the two technologies has not been noticed as much as the technologies by themself. This essay provides a basic description of CRISPR gene editing and ICIs as cancer treatment and discusses the potential combination of the two technologies in the field of cancer immunology and the challenges researchers might have to face during the development of new treatments.
Current Progress of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cell Cell Therapy
Authors: Ye Maojie
Published: February 2025

Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, has become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Cancer is the result of the transformation of normal cells into tumor cells in a multi-stage process. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) have emerged as a new approach to cancer treatment. Recent advances in CAR-T therapy include the development of multiple generations of CARs, each of which modifies the CAR receptor to enhance anti-tumor activity. Despite these advances, CAR-T therapy still faces challenges such as antigen escape, where tumors develop resistance through downregulation or loss of target antigens. This review provides an overview of the principles, procedures, and current achievements of CAR-T therapy while highlighting its limitations and potential improvements. It explores strategies to mitigate side effects, improve the safety and efficacy of CARs, and expand the indications of CAR-T therapy to solid tumors. This article aims to provide valuable insights into the current status and future prospects of this transformative cancer treatment.
Application and Prospect of CRISPR System in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment Research
Authors: Zhang Yunxi
Published: February 2025

Alzheimer's disease (abbreviated as AD), commonly known as senile dementia. As its name implies, it is the most common degenerative disease of the central nervous system that occurs in the elderly population. At present, there is still no effective treatment method. At present, CRISPR system-based research continues to advance in the field of AD therapy, such as CRISPR Cas9 for the construction of cell and animal models and gene knockout therapy, CRISPR Cas13 for the development of new detection technologies, CRISPRi has made progress in exploring related gene regulatory mechanisms, and CRISPRa can achieve gene transcriptional activation and functional characterization. However, these studies are still in the exploratory stage and have not yet been fully translated into effective clinical treatments. In this paper, we analyze the application of different CRISPR systems in AD treatment research, including model construction, gene editing, and exploration of regulatory mechanisms, and demonstrate their potential in AD treatment research. It provides a comprehensive reference for follow-up research, and can further optimize the technology to improve efficiency in the future, and focus on solving problems in clinical translation, so as to promote the development of AD treatment.
The Feasibility of Using CRISPR-Cas9 to Knock Out IL-6 Receptor in CAR-T Cells to Mitigate Cytokine Release Syndrome in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan
Published: February 2025

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a common complication associated with chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, primarily driven by excessive interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. Although the use of IL-6 inhibitors and corticosteroids can partially alleviate CRS, these approaches often yield limited success and may compromise CAR-T cell functionality. Recent advancements in gene-editing technologies, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, offer significant opportunities by enabling site-specific knockout of the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) in CAR-T cells. In vitro studies have demonstrated that IL-6 gene deletion substantially reduces CRS-related inflammatory responses while preserving the anti-tumor capabilities of CAR-T cells. This strategy not only addresses inflammation at its source but also mitigates harmful systemic inflammatory responses, thereby improving therapeutic outcomes. This review highlights the pivotal role of IL-6 in CRS pathophysiology, the shortcomings of conventional treatment strategies, and the potential of genome-editing approaches such as IL-6R knockout. By precisely targeting the root causes of IL-6-mediated inflammation, this approach aims to optimize both the efficacy and safety of CAR-T cell therapy.
Advances in the application of ICIs in melanoma
Authors: Zhou Zhenghang
Published: February 2025

One of the most lethal type of skin cancer, melanoma, can now be effectively treated with immunotherapy, especially when immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are used. ICIs that target CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 have already become a front-line treatment that has improved the prognosis of patients with advanced melanoma (AM) throughout the last ten years. Nonetheless, this discipline continues to face a number of difficulties, including drug resistance and variance in patient response. This review aims to present the most recent findings about the use of ICIs in AM and to explain their mode of action, clinical effectiveness, and combination treatments. We summarize clinical trial results showing an improved survival rate using the ICIs, as well as preclinical and early clinical development studying new immune checkpoint (ICs) targets such as LAG-3 and TIM-3. Despite these advances, resistance mechanisms and predictive biomarkers remain to be determined. This dissertation discusses the current development of ICI-based melanoma treatments, focusing on the need for personalized approaches and further investigation of combination treatments. Future studies should be directed toward overcoming resistance, optimizing patient selection, and investigating the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in treatment outcomes.
Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in postoperative rehabilitation of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
Authors: Zhang Qingqing
Published: February 2025

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common knee injury, and pain management and functional recovery after its reconstruction is an important part of the rehabilitation process. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), as a non-invasive method of pain management, has been widely used in a variety of clinical scenarios, especially during postoperative recovery. This review studies the application of TENS in ACL postoperative rehabilitation and analyses its effects on pain control, functional recovery and patient satisfaction. The results showed that TENS significantly reduced postoperative pain after, and ACL reduced patients' need for opioids. It also has a positive effect on functional recovery. So, TENS as a pain management modality shows potential in postoperative rehabilitation after ACL, especially in pain management and early functional recovery. Nevertheless, the optimal parameter settings (e.g., frequency, intensity, and treatment duration) and long-term effects of TENS remain controversial. Future studies need to explore the optimal application parameters and evaluate its long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.
A Review of Wrist Joint Injury
Authors: Zhang Mengxi
Published: February 2025

Wrist joint injury is a common orthopedic disease, and its diagnosis and treatment are of great significance for the functional recovery and quality of life of patients. In addition, I have personally experienced the wrist injury recently, so I choose to explore the causes and diagnosis and treatment methods of wrist injury, to explore the most effective and latest technology and find the most effective way to minimize the damage to the human body by studying the overall technological changes and breakthroughs. At the same time, I think rehabilitation training plays a crucial role in the recovery process of wrist injury. Through static training and endurance training, the stability and flexibility of the wrist can be significantly enhanced. With various treatment methods combined with rehabilitation training can effectively promote the functional recovery of patients and reduce the occurrence of sequelae. At the same time, as a Chinese, I also deeply understand that some TCM therapies have particularly effective auxiliary effects in this stage.
The advantages, disadvantages, and improvement method of the CAR-M technology
Authors: Teng Junhui
Published: February 2025

Chimeric Antigen Receptor Macrophages (CAR-M) is the latest generation of chimeric antigen receptor technology. Its main principle involves introducing the CAR gene into macrophages extracted from a patient's body, activating these macrophages, and then re-infusing them back into the patient. Compared to the previous generation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells (CAR-T) technology, CAR-M has significant advantages as it can circumvent the challenge of effectively penetrating the tumor microenvironment. CAR-M is capable of engulfing the corresponding tumor cells, and at the same time, CAR-M cells can present antigens and produce cytokines to enhance the killing ability of T cells against tumor cells. However, since macrophages are highly differentiated cells that cannot divide and proliferate, multiple injections are required. This article analyzes the technology by combining the strengths and weaknesses of CAR-M. By altering the inherent defects of macrophages and changing them to monocytes (the precursor cells of macrophages), and further improving or enhancing some of the defects or advantages of monocytes themselves, the effectiveness of the technology can be enhanced. Now, the integration of CAR-M technology with the CRISPR/Cas system can enhance the efficiency of the technology in disease treatment. Currently, Cas9 is relatively popular and has a broader range of applications. However, due to the significant off-target effects of CAS9, the CAS12a system, which has a lower off-target rate, can be selected.
数字人文视域下非遗海内外传播路径研究——以四大传统印染工艺为例
Authors: 李 尧月 , 蒋 苏敏
Published: February 2025

本报告以夹缬、蜡染、扎染和蓝印花布四大传统印染工艺为研究对象，探索数字人文视域下非遗文化的海内外传播路径。通过分析当前的传播现状、挑战和机遇，提出创新的传播策略和路径，旨在促进非遗文化的国际交流与保护，同时加强国内的非遗传承和公众教育。
Disruptive Impacts of Central Bank Digital Currencies on the Traditional Financial System: A Regulatory Framework Perspective
Authors: Zhou Lushan , Hu Bowen , Zheng Li
Published: February 2025

Central bank digital currency (CBDC) is a groundbreaking innovation that provides a digital currency issued by the state to replace cash and commercial bank deposits, and is gradually changing the operating mode of the traditional financial system. This paper explores the disruptive impact of CBDC on financial institutions, monetary policy and payment systems through theoretical analysis and empirical data. The study pointed out that CBDC has the potential to improve financial inclusion, reduce transaction costs and enhance the efficiency of monetary policy transmission. However, the challenges it has caused, such as financial disintermediation, systemic risks and privacy issues, urgently need to establish a strong regulatory framework to address them. Through data-driven insights and case studies, this paper provides a comprehensive perspective on how to find a balance between innovation and financial stability.
Bridging the Gap: ESL Teachers' Views on AI Integration and Its Impact on Language Learning
Authors: Abou Assali Mouna
Published: February 2025

This quantitative study investigated ESL teachers' perceptions of AI utilization in the classroom. Data from a Likert-scale survey administered to 120 ESL teachers revealed both challenges and opportunities associated with AI integration. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Challenges identified included concerns about teacher preparedness, potential bias within AI algorithms, and unequal access to technology and resources. Opportunities included the potential for AI to enhance student motivation and interaction, personalize learning experiences, and encourage teachers' own professional development. These findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive AI tools, targeted professional development programs for ESL educators, and a collaborative approach where AI complements teachers' expertise. The study contributes to the field by offering quantitative insights for educators and developers working to harness the potential of AI for effective and equitable ESL language learning.
EFL Teachers’ Beliefs on and Practices of Differentiated Instruction in Oman
Authors: Al-Breiki Suhaila Mubarak , Al-Mekhlafi Abdo Mohammed , Smaoui Chokri
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to explore the beliefs that EFL teachers in public schools in Oman hold about differentiated instruction and the extent to which they practise DI as perceived by them. Two tools were used to collect data on these dynamics: a questionnaire distributed to 338 English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers and semi-structured interviews with 10 English language teachers. After analysing both quantitative and qualitative data, the findings indicated that Differentiated Instruction is not yet a common practice among English language teachers in Oman but that EFL teachers held high beliefs about it also revealed that teachers practised environment differentiation more than content, process, or product differentiation. However, teachers’ views on their differentiated instruction practices in interviews did not match their reported practices in the questionnaire. Moreover, there were significant differences in DI according to teaching experience and according to gender – female teachers seemed to differentiate instruction more than male teachers in all four elements. The findings of the present study gave the opportunity to provide recommendations for future research into the Differentiated Instruction approach.
Dynamics of Celebrating Mother Tongue Day in Multilingual and Digital India
Authors: Bhat Mohmad Ashraf
Published: February 2025

India, with its vast linguistic diversity, is home to 1,652 mother tongues, making it one of the most complex multilingual nations in the world. However, globalization, urbanization, and the increasing dominance of English and Hindi have marginalized many indigenous languages, posing a serious threat to their survival. International Mother Language Day (IMLD), observed annually on February 21st, serves as a global initiative to promote linguistic diversity and protect endangered languages. This article explores the challenges of preserving mother tongues in India’s sociolinguistic landscape, highlighting the historical context, policy interventions, and technological advancements aimed at safeguarding linguistic heritage. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 has reinforced mother tongue-based education, but its implementation remains a challenge due to infrastructure gaps and societal attitudes favoring English. Furthermore, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital technologies offer promising solutions, yet the dominance of English in digital spaces limits access for many regional languages. Government initiatives such as the Bhashini Project aim to bridge this gap, but concerted efforts are needed to integrate regional languages into education, media, and technology. The discussion underscores the importance of preserving mother tongues as an integral part of India’s cultural identity and socio-economic progress while advocating for inclusive language policies in an increasingly digital world.
THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF STUDENTS IN REGARDS TO THEIR MENTAL HEALTH AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NAMIBIA
Authors:   Department of Psychology and Social Work, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia, Rukambe Zelda U , Kalimba Hilma N.K ,   Department of Psychology and Social Work, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
Published: February 2025

This paper enlists the findings of the Qualitative research study conducted on students at the University of Namibia. This study is concerned with the lived experiences of students registered at the University of Namibia, in regards to their mental health. The study aimed at exploring the mental health issues faced by students at the University of Namibia, investigating how students cope with their mental health challenges as well as the institutional support available at the University of Namibia to promote student’s mental health. This study adapted the phenomenological design and used a qualitative research approach to yield insights around the experiences of students at the University of Namibia. The participants on whom the study was conducted on were 10 students, including 4 significant informants, specifically a lecturer, an SRC, Dean of Students as well as a Social Worker. The study comprised of exploratory and thematic analysis. The findings were categorized into codes. The codes developed from the results were stress, COVID-19, negative encounters with lecturers, codes on their coping mechanisms as well as the institutional support available to them. Some participants portrayed symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress that affect their mental wellbeing, leading to poor academic performance
Factors associated with postoperative pain among patients with upper limb fracture fixation surgery at Nghe An Trauma and Orthopedics hospital
Authors: Mai Thi Huong
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aimed to identify some factors associated with postoperative pain in patients undergoing upper limb fracture fixation surgery at Nghe An Trauma and Orthopedics Hospital in 2024.
Participants and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 150 patients who underwent upper limb fracture fixation surgery at the Upper Limb Department, Nghe An Trauma and Orthopedics Hospital, from April to June 2024. The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) was used to assess postoperative pain levels. Anxiety levels were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety Subscale (HADS-A). Social support was evaluated using the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI). Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient characteristics. Independent t-test was applied to compare differences between groups. Additionally, Pearson correlation analysis examined linear relationships between variables. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: The proportion of male and female participants was 67.3% and 32.7%, respectively. The mean patient age was 45.7 ± 15.8 years, ranging from 18 to 77 years. A majority of patients (66.7%) had a high school education. Factors significantly associated with postoperative pain included surgical incision length, gender, duration of surgery, anxiety levels, and social support (p < 0.05) at 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively.
Conclusion: Minimizing postoperative pain requires a multidisciplinary approach, including optimizing surgical techniques, implementing multimodal analgesia strategies, and enhancing psychological support. These measures are essential for reducing tissue trauma, improving pain management, and enhancing the quality of life for postoperative patients.
Understanding the potential for renewable energy in supply chain decarbonization
Authors: Thanawala Zaid
Published: February 2025

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a comprehensive methodology for evaluating environmental impacts across a product’s entire life cycle, from raw material extraction to disposal. This systematic approach enables informed decision-making by identifying critical environmental impacts and trade-offs at each stage. LCA is widely used in industries such as agriculture, textiles, and radiological protection to optimize eco-efficiency and material selection. The Ecoinvent database plays a crucial role in LCA by providing high-quality inventory data that enhances the accuracy of environmental impact assessments. Additionally, reducing industrial emissions requires a multifaceted approach, including energy efficiency improvements, renewable energy integration, and carbon capture technologies. Supply chain decarbonization, particularly Scope 3 emissions, is vital for achieving net-zero targets, as these indirect emissions often constitute the majority of a company's carbon footprint. LCA serves as a powerful tool for identifying high-emission stages in supply chains and implementing targeted reduction strategies. By integrating LCA with supply chain management, industries can enhance sustainability efforts and contribute to global climate goals.
Leitura acadêmica digital nos livros didáticos de ensino médio venezuelano
Authors: Díaz Loyo Carlos Eduardo , Zarraga de Diaz Egledys Guadalupe , Cunha Anecleto Úrsula
Published: February 2025

Este estudo explora as práticas de leitura acadêmica digital em livros didáticos do Ensino Médio venezuelano, com foco nos materiais da Colección Bicentenario. Ancorada na Teoria da Ação Comunicativa de Habermas e nos Novos Estudos do Letramento, a pesquisa busca revelar como a leitura acadêmica digital está integrada a esses livros didáticos e seu potencial para promover o letramento emancipatório. Metodologicamente, o estudo adota uma abordagem qualitativa, crítico-interpretativa, e analisa documentos de livros didáticos de 4º ano do Ensino Médio, nas disciplinas de Espanhol e Inglês. Os resultados indicam a presença de características hipertextuais e multimodais que permitem aos estudantes interagirem com diversos textos digitais e físicos. Essas características, como hiperlinks e recursos multimodais, oferecem oportunidades para a ampliação de conhecimentos e interação crítica com o conteúdo. No entanto, sua implementação frequentemente carece de orientação pedagógica explícita, limitando o desenvolvimento de um letramento crítico e transformador. Apesar desses desafios, os livros didáticos possuem potencial para fomentar o letramento acadêmico digital, destacando a necessidade de os professores orientarem e estimularem essas práticas em sala de aula. Esta pesquisa contribui para a compreensão das interseções entre letramento digital, leitura acadêmica e práticas pedagógicas no contexto educacional venezuelano.
Development of Real Time Underground Monitoring System Using Unmanned Vechile
Authors:   2 Student, Department of IT , Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology, Bhuvaneshwari V.
Published: February 2025

The cave environment plays a crucial role in research across geology, biology, ecology, hydrology, and cultural anthropology. This project aims to develop an unmanned vehicle using IoT and Raspberry Pi technologies to monitor cave conditions and transmit data via GPS. The vehicle will detect environmental parameters such as air quality, temperature, humidity, lighting, objects, and soil condition using integrated sensors and AI algorithms. Designed for safe navigation, the unmanned vehicle identifies hazards like air pollution, darkness and autonomously retreats to avoid damage. The unmanned vehicles have become more reliable and practical for cave exploration. This system will assist in identifying dangers like collapses, flooding, landslides, and low oxygen zones, enhancing safety in cave exploration. The vehicle is designed to operate in confined and harsh environments, ensuring reliable performance in challenging cave conditions. Robust sensors ensure precise detection of environmental parameters, even in low-light or obstructed areas. This innovative solution bridges the gap between manual cave exploration and modern technological advancements.

Key Words: Sensor Fusion, Internet of things, Remote Sensing , Artificial Intelligence, Hazard Detection
LRCN-Based Surveillance System
Authors:   Rathinam College of Arts and Science       Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India., Mary Lethiciya
Published: February 2025

A Surveillance and Alert System is designed to detect violent activities and fire spread within a surveillance environment, promptly alerting the concerned authority. Today, CCTV surveillance is the most fundamental and impactful security feature a premise can have. Being a well-known method of preventing and identifying undesirable activities, CCTV systems are commonly deployed in various premises. For instance, a college campus may have CCTV installed in diverse structures, such as dormitories, classrooms, canteens, sports complexes, auditoriums, etc. However, manually searching through recorded video after an incident occurs is a time-consuming process. The aim of this project is to develop a Long-term Recurrent Convolutional Network (LRCN) system for environments like academic campuses to monitor CCTV footage and detect violent activities, such as fighting, and fire incidents. The system will create alerts through calls and messages via email, including the video of the detected activity, which will be sent to the respective authority.

Keywords—Violence Detection, Alert Generation, LRCN, Fire detection, Non-violence
A Study on Financial Performance Analysis of TVS Motors Limited
Authors:   MCOM, MBA (Banking & Finance)  ASSISTANT PROFESSOR  UICM, MBA DEPARTMENT  GURU NANAK UNIVERSITY,, Tripathy Sucheta
Published: February 2025

The technique of determining a company's performance and financial features through accounting and financial statements is known as financial performance analysis. The goal of this investigation is to find out how effective and efficient the company's management is, as evidenced by financial records and reports. A company's performance can be judged by its financial outcomes, i.e., the size of risk and profitability, which are the two key criteria that define the level of concern. The technique of determining a company's performance and financial features through accounting and financial statements is known as financial performance analysis. The goal of this investigation is to find out how effective and efficient the company's management is, as evidenced by financial records and reports. A company's performance can be judged by its financial outcomes, i.e., the size of risk and profitability, which are the two key criteria that define the level of concern. A financial decision that adds risk lowers the firm's worth; on the other side, a financial decision that enhances earnings raises the firm's value. The two most fundamental components of any business concern are risk and profit. The major figures in the financial statements, as well as the noteworthy relationships between them, are the subject of the financial analysis. The practise of evaluating the relationship between the components of a financial statement in order to better understand the entity's performance and performance is known as financial statements analysis. The purpose of this research was to use a comparison analysis to analyse TVS' financial performance in 2023 and 2024. The TVS motor has been found to be both efficient and cost-effective through research.

Keyword- Comparative Analysis, TVS Motors, Financial Performance
ESG: Integrating sustainability into business organizations
Authors: Krasin Kremen
Published: February 2025

In today's business world, ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) is an increasingly important component of corporate strategy. This approach combines three key aspects focusing on the company's sustainable and responsible management. Implementing ESG standards is important not only because it improves a company's image and sustainability but also because more investors and customers are looking to associate with companies that demonstrate a responsible attitude toward society and nature. Thus, ESG is not just a moral choice but a strategic necessity in the modern business environment. The article aims to review the tools related to ESG indicators that help organizations track their progress toward sustainability, the main concepts related to sustainable development and corporate sustainability, tools and methods for measuring corporate sustainability, and the integration of ESG into the company's strategy. The conclusion that must be drawn is that despite the difficulties and challenges associated with choosing the right tool to track the sustainability of business organizations, ESG is a valuable aid, providing them with important information. Timely interpretation of this information can be of great benefit to organizations, preventing their exposure to risks and shocks of an economic, social, or environmental nature. The application of tools to report on progress toward sustainable development contributes to the positive image of organizations and their contribution to the environment in which they operate.
Comparison of machine learning algorithms in predicting hospital readmissions for diabetic patients
Authors: Meda Shefqet , Cuku Lily , Tafa Zhilbert
Published: February 2025

Hospital readmission is a substantial burden on healthcare systems, increasing both costs and patient strain. Current traditional methods for identifying patients at high risk for readmission are often based on clinicians' judgment. This issue is especially concerning for patients with chronic conditions like diabetes, where the pressure to reduce readmissions may lead to worse outcomes. Unlike traditional methods, machine learning algorithms can analyze complex datasets to identify patterns and risk factors, resulting in more precise predictions of readmission risk. They can also facilitate better resource allocation and personalized patient care. Previous studies have applied various algorithms to predict readmissions in healthcare institutions. In this study, we apply and compare the optimized versions of different machine learning (ML) models to predict 30-day readmissions and identify important predictors driving these outcomes. Based on the predefined metrics, the analyses identify the Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier (SGDC) as the best-performing model for the available dataset and the applied ML parameter optimization. Although ML models demonstrate potential for predicting readmissions, they are not yet fully reliable.
Investigation of photocathodic corrosion protection of ZnO/ZnS thin film for AISI 304 stainless steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution
Authors: VEERAPONG Soravid , OO Naw Blessing , DACHBUMROONG Boossayamas , CHAUM Parichart , NA WICHEAN Thanate , JONGPRATEEP Oratai , PEWNIM Naray , PANOMSUWAN Gasidit , TECHAPIESANCHAROENKIJ Ratchatee
Published: February 2025

Photocathodic protection is an alternative cathodic protection technique to protect metals by photo-generated electrons from a coupled semiconductor film under solar light. In this report, ZnO nanorods and heterostructure ZnO/ZnS nanorod films  on FTO substrates were studied for their photocathodic protection for 304 stainless steels (304 SS) in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.  The ZnO and ZnO/ZnS nanorods were fabricated on FTO substrates by spray pyrolysis and hydrothermal processes. The photocathodic performances of the ZnO and ZnO/ZnS photoanodes coupled with 304 SS samples were examined by Open-Circuit Potential (OCP), polarization curve analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). The ZnO/ZnS photoanodes showed better photocathodic performance than the ZnO photoanodes with larger negative potential shifts and higher photo-generated current density under light illumination. The ZnO/ZnS heterostructure films show promising photocathodic protection for 304 SS under chloride atmosphere. However, both ZnO and ZnO/ZnS failed to provide any protection under dark conditions.
Arginine-modified surface coffee grounds activated carbon for Pb\(^{2+}\) adsorption: Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies
Authors: CHUPIROM Jarawee , KHAOPHONG Sirikorn , HEMYAKORN Nopporn , INTACHAI Sonchai , Kongsune Panita
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on enhancing the value of coffee waste by converting it into activated carbon for removing Pb²⁺ ions from contaminated water. Coffee grounds were activated with KOH and carbonized at 600°C for 4 h to produce activated carbon (CGAC), then modified with arginine via hydrothermal treatment at 120°C for 48 h to create Arg-CGAC. The adsorbents' chemical and physical properties were analyzed using SEM, FT-IR, BET, and pHpzc methods. Batch experiments revealed that Arg-CGAC exhibited superior Pb2+ adsorption (223.10 mg∙g‒1) compared to CGAC (119.23 mg∙g‒1) under optimal conditions. Isotherm analysis showed stronger adsorbate-adsorbent interactions and a more endothermic adsorption for Arg-CGAC. Arg-CGAC demonstrated both physisorption and weak chemisorption, while CGAC primarily exhibited physisorption. Increasing temperatures made ΔG° values more negative, indicating more favorable adsorption for Arg-CGAC. Desorption tests showed a 98% yield over four cycles, but efficiency declined after the 7th cycle, stabilizing at 55% to 60%, suggesting good initial performance despite some regeneration limitations.
Clinical outcomes in post-stroke rehabilitation using upper-limb exoskeletons: review of latest reports. (Exoskeletons in post-stroke rehabilitation)
Authors: Rusinowska Barbara , Tybulczuk Balbina , Białowąs Patrycja
Published: February 2025

Background: Stroke is one of the main source of chronic disability in adults and affects motor dysfunction including paresis of upper limb. Currently, the use of new technologies is becoming more and more widespread and supports the effects of physical rehabilitation. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) is widely used gold standard in assessing motor functions of the upper limbs in stroke patients. Aim of the study: The purpose of this review is to present the results of upper limb rehabilitation using an exoskeleton on patients' motor functions based on FMA-UE.Material and methods: All relevant publications were retrieved from the PubMed, with key words such as “exoskeleton stroke” (PubMed – 212 results), “upper limb exoskeleton” (PubMed – 221 results), “stroke rehabilitation physiotherapy” (PubMed – 1191 results), and 35 papers were selected. Results: The results of research conducted on patients in subacute and chronic phase of stroke using various models of upper limb exoskeletons are introduced. We described the constructed exoskeletons and presented clinical outcomes after therapy using FMA-UE.Conclusions: Our analysis shows that rehabilitation of the upper limb using robotic exoskeletons significantly improves the movement of the proximal joints of the upper limb in post-stroke patients, regardless of the recovery phase.
The Bolivian political system within the socio-political conception of Álvaro García Linera
Authors: Bencomo Cuesta Jorge
Published: February 2025

Introduction:The study analyzed the evolution of Political Science from a Latin American perspective, highlighting the need to understand the region’s political systems without applying rigid Western models. The case of Bolivia was emphasized, where the political system underwent significant changes with the rise to power of Evo Morales and Álvaro García Linera in 2006. The 2009 Constitution represented a key transformation by incorporating plurinationality and redefining the structure of the State based on popular interests.Development: The analysis of Bolivia’s political system was based on general systems theory and García Linera’s thought. Five fundamental aspects of state reconfiguration were identified: the shift in class hegemony, the inclusion of new leaderships, the redistribution of power, the institutionalization of political pluralism, and the participation of social organizations. The 2009 Constitution consolidated Bolivia as a unitary, plurinational, and community-based State, granting greater autonomy to indigenous peoples and establishing new dynamics in the exercise of power.Conclusion: The study concluded that Bolivia’s political system underwent a structural transformation based on principles of communal democracy and pluralism. The hegemony of popular sectors and the decentralization of power marked a break with the traditional model. The influence of García Linera’s thought was key to shaping this system, as it incorporated the active participation of grassroots social movements in decision-making.