bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genomic Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Genome following Infection in Syrian Golden Hamster and Associated Lung Pathologies
Authors: Rudramurthy Gudepalya Renukaiah , Naveenkumar Chakenahalli N. , Bharathkumar Kumaraswamy , Shandil Radha K. , Narayanan Shridhar
Published: November 2023

The continuous evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus led to constant developments and efforts in understanding the significance and impacts of SARS-CoV-2 variants on human health. Our study aimed to determine the accumulation of genetic mutations and associated lung pathologies in male and female hamsters infected with the ancestral Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. The present study showed no significant difference in the viral load between male and female hamsters and peak infection was found to be on day four post infection in both sexes of the animals. Live virus particles were detected up to 5 days post infection (dpi) through the TCID-50 assay, while qRT-PCR could detect viral RNA up to 14 dpi from all the infected animals. Further, the determination of the neutralizing antibody titer showed the onset of the humoral immune response as early as 4 dpi in both sexes against SARS-CoV-2, and a significant cross-protection against the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 was observed. Histopathology showed edema, inflammation, inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis, and degeneration of alveolar and bronchial epithelium cells from 3 dpi to 14 dpi in both sexes. Furthermore, next-generation sequencing (NGS) showed up to 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the SARS-CoV-2 (ancestral Wuhan strain) genome isolated from both male and female hamsters. The mutation observed at the 23014 position (Glu484Asp) in the SARS-CoV-2 genome isolated from both sexes of the hamsters plays a significant role in the antiviral efficacy of small molecules, vaccines, and the Mabs-targeting S protein. The present study shows that either of the genders can be used in the pre-clinical efficacy of antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2 in hamsters. However, considering the major mutation in the S protein, the understanding of the genetic mutation in SARS-CoV-2 after passing through hamsters is crucial in deciding the efficacy of the antiviral agents targeting the S protein. Importance: Our study findings indicate the accumulation of genomic mutations in SARS-CoV-2 after passing through the Syrian golden hamsters. Understanding the genomic mutations showed that either of the hamster genders can be used in the pre-clinical efficacy of antiviral agents and vaccines.
Meta-Analysis of Organic Fertilization Effects on Soil Bacterial Diversity and Community Composition in Agroecosystems
Authors: Shu Xiangyang , Liu Weijia , Huang Han , Ye Qinxin , Zhu Shunxi , Peng Zhaohui , Li Yiding , Deng Liangji , Yang Zepeng , Chen Honglin , Liu Dinghui , Shi Jialing
Published: November 2023

Application of organic fertilizers or their combination with chemical fertilizers is a feasible practice for improving soil fertility and reducing soil degradation in agroecosystems, and these regulations are mainly mediated though soil microbial communities. Despite bacteria ranking among the most abundant and diverse groups of soil microorganisms, the effects of long-term organic fertilization (OF) and chemical–organic fertilization (COF) on soil bacterial diversity and community composition remain unclear. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis and demonstrated that OF had no significant effect on bacterial alpha diversity. Application of chemical fertilizer and crop residue significantly decreased bacterial Richness index. Both OF and COF significantly altered bacterial community structure, with these changes being predominately attributed to shifts in soil pH. For bacterial phyla, both OF and COF significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, suggesting that OF and COF may cause the enrichment of copiotrophic taxa. In addition, COF significantly increased the relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria but decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria. Overall, our results suggest that organic and chemical–organic fertilization can effectively maintain bacterial diversity and enhance soil fertility in agroecosystems, and the alteration of soil bacterial community structure is closely intertwined with soil pH.
Application of Methionine Increases the Germination Rate of Maize Seeds by Triggering Multiple Phenylpropanoid Biosynthetic Genes at Transcript Levels
Authors: Ren Ying , Shen Fengyuan , Liu Ji’an , Liang Wenguang , Zhang Chunyi , Lian Tong , Jiang Ling
Published: November 2023

Methionine is an essential amino acid that initiates protein synthesis and serves as a substrate for various chemical reactions. Methionine metabolism plays an important role in Arabidopsis seed germination, but how methionine works in seed germination of maize has not been elucidated. We compared the changes in germination rate, the contents of methionine and folates, and transcriptional levels using transcriptome analysis under water or exogenous methionine treatment. The results indicate that the application of methionine increases seed germination rate (95% versus 70%), leading to significant differences in the content of methionine at 36 h, which brought the rapid increase forward by 12 h in the embryo and endosperm. Transcriptome analysis shows that methionine mainly affects the proliferation and differentiation of cells in the embryo, and the degradation of storage substances and signal transduction in the endosperm. In particular, multiple phenylpropanoid biosynthetic genes were triggered upon methionine treatment during germination. These results provide a theoretical foundation for promoting maize seed germination and serve as a valuable theoretical resource for seed priming strategies.
Room-Temperature NH3 Gas Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Sensors Based on Graphene/PPy Composite Films Decorated by Au Nanoparticles with ppb Detection Ability
Authors: Shen Chi-Yen , Hung Tien-Tsan , Chuang Yao-Wei , Lai Shao-Kai , Tai Chi-Ming
Published: November 2023

Exhaled human breath analysis has great potential for the diagnosis of diseases in non-invasive way. The 13C-Urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection indicates the ammonia concentration of 50–400 ppb in the breath. This work successfully developed a surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator based on graphene/polypyrrole composite films decorated by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs–G/PPy) with sensitivity and selectivity to detect ammonia in parts-per-billion concentrations, which is promising for the accurate diagnosis of H. pylori infection. XRD, EDS, and SEM characterized the AuNPs–G/PPy nanocomposites, providing comprehensive insights into their structural, compositional, and morphological properties. The gas-sensing capabilities of the fabricated SAW sensors were extensively investigated, focusing on their response to NH3 gas at ambient temperature. The concentration of ammonia gas was effectively quantified by monitoring the frequency shift of the SAW device. Notably, our developed SAW sensor demonstrated outstanding sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability, and reproducibility for 50–1000 ppb NH3 in dry air. The excellent sensing performance of the AuNPs–G/PPy hybrid composite film can be attributed to the synergistic effects of graphene’s superior conductivity, the catalytic properties of gold nanoparticles, and the conductivity sensitization facilitated by electron-hole recombination on the polypyrrole surface.
Modelling the Make Process of the Mineral Supply Chain Upstream Segment
Authors: Castillo-Villagra Raúl , Icarte Gabriel , Thoben Klaus-Dieter
Published: November 2023

The upstream segment of the minerals supply chain (MiSC) is the backbone for achieving the transition to clean energy by securing the supply of minerals. Recently, the MiSC has been disrupted, affecting mineral supply and generating uncertainty among clean energy producers. Supply chain (SC) mapping addresses this uncertainty, providing a holistic end-to-end view. However, MiSC mapping studies mainly focus on the downstream segment, leaving aside the upstream segment. In this context, the fundamental gap is the lack of standardized modelling frameworks that can accurately represent the upstream segment dynamics and, at the same time, seamlessly integrate with the downstream segment. This paper bridges this gap, designing a model for the MiSC upstream segment (MiSCOR). Framed within design science research methodology, MiSCOR is built by adapting two reference models, the Exploration and Mining Business Reference Model (EM) and the Supply Chain Operations Reference Model (SCOR), focusing on the commodity-making process. The MiSCOR demonstrates its applicability and robustness in real operational scenarios of one of the largest copper producers. MiSCOR provides a management tool for practitioners and decision-makers in the MISC’s upstream segment, offering blueprints to throw functional silos, foster collaboration, and a standardized framework that integrates seamlessly with the downstream segment.
Essential Oil Blends with or without Fumaric Acid Influenced In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, Greenhouse Gas Emission, and Volatile Fatty Acids Production of a Total Mixed Ration
Authors: Alabi Joel O. , Okedoyin Deborah O. , Anotaenwere Chika C. , Wuaku Michael , Gray DeAndrea , Adelusi Oludotun O. , Ike Kelechi A. , Olagunju Lydia K. , Dele Peter A. , Anele Uchenna Y.
Published: November 2023

The growing interest in improving rumen fermentation and mitigating methane emissions necessitates the use of essential oil blends (EOB) and fumaric acid (FA). This study evaluated the synergistic effect of four EOB with or without FA supplementation on in vitro dry matter digestibility, greenhouse gas emission, and total volatile fatty acid production using inoculum from three rumen-cannulated Black Angus beef cows. The study was arranged in a 4 × 2 + 1 factorial design to evaluate the effects of the four EOB and two FA levels on a total mixed ration (TMR). The EOB dosage was 100 µL while FA was added at 3% of total mixed ration. The EOB × FA interaction (p < 0.05) influenced the dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and hemicellulose degradabilities. All the EOB and FA (EFA) treatments decreased (p < 0.001) the dry matter degradability compared to the control (TMR substrate only). The EFA4 treatment reduced the neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose degradabilities compared to the control. The ruminal pH was influenced (p < 0.001) by both the EOB and FA inclusion, and the EOB × FA interaction was significant. The microbial mass was higher (p < 0.001) in the EFA1, EFA4, and EOB4 compared to the control and the EOB3 treatments. The EFA1 and EOB1 produced less (p < 0.001) gas than the control by 29.1 and 32.1%, respectively. Compared with the control, the EFA1 and EOB1 treatments decreased (p < 0.001) methane gas by 90.8% and 86.4%, respectively, while the carbon dioxide was reduced (p = 0.004) by 65.7 and 57.9%, respectively. The EOB × FA interaction was significant (p < 0.001) for the total and individual volatile fatty acid concentrations. The inclusion of FA increased the propionate concentration by 9.5% and decreased (p = 0.02) the acetate concentration by 4%. In summary, the synergistic effect of the EOB and FA offers an effective way to reduce greenhouse gas emission and enhance total volatile fatty acids.
A Vision of 6th Generation of Fixed Networks (F6G): Challenges and Proposed Directions
Authors: Uzunidis Dimitris , Moschopoulos Konstantinos , Papapavlou Charalampos , Paximadis Konstantinos , Marom Dan M. , Nazarathy Moshe , Muñoz Raul , Tomkos Ioannis
Published: November 2023

Humankind has entered a new era wherein a main characteristic is the convergence of various technologies providing services and exerting a major impact upon all aspects of human activity, be it social interactions with the natural environment. Fixed networks are about to play a major role in this convergence, since they form, along with mobile networks, the backbone that provides access to a broad gamut of services, accessible from any point of the globe. It is for this reason that we introduce a forward-looking approach for fixed networks, particularly focused on Fixed 6th Generation (F6G) networks. First, we adopt a novel classification scheme for the main F6G services, comprising six categories. This classification is based on the key service requirements, namely latency, capacity, and connectivity. F6G networks differ from those of previous generations (F1G–F5G) in that they concurrently support multiple key requirements. We then propose concrete steps towards transforming the main elements of fixed networks, such as optical transceivers, optical switches, etc., such that they satisfy the new F6G service requirements. Our study categorizes the main networking paradigm of optical switching into two categories, namely ultra-fast and ultra-high capacity switching, tailored to different service categories. With regard to the transceiver physical layer, we propose (a) the use of all-optical processing to mitigate performance barriers of analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters (ADC/DAC) and (b) the exploitation of optical multi-band transmission, space division-multiplexing, and the adoption of more efficient modulation formats.
Revisiting Vaccine Hesitancy in Residential Care Homes for the Elderly for Pandemic Preparedness: A Lesson from COVID-19
Authors: Leung Cyrus Lap Kwan , Wei Wan In , Li Kin-Kit , McNeil Edward B. , Tang Arthur , Wong Samuel Yeung Shan , Kwok Kin On
Published: November 2023

Residents in residential care homes for the elderly (RCHEs) are at high risk of severe illnesses and mortality, while staff have high exposure to intimate care activities. Addressing vaccine hesitancy is crucial to safeguard vaccine uptake in this vulnerable setting, especially amid a pandemic. In response to this, we conducted a cross-sectional survey to measure the level of vaccine hesitancy and to examine its associated factors among residents and staff in RCHEs in Hong Kong. We recruited residents and staff from 31 RCHEs in July–November 2022. Of 204 residents, 9.8% had a higher level of vaccine hesitancy (scored ≥ 4 out of 7, mean = 2.44). Around 7% of the staff (n = 168) showed higher vaccine hesitancy (mean = 2.45). From multi-level regression analyses, higher social loneliness, higher anxiety, poorer cognitive ability, being vaccinated with fewer doses, and lower institutional vaccination rates predicted residents’ vaccine hesitancy. Similarly, higher emotional loneliness, higher anxiety, being vaccinated with fewer doses, and working in larger RCHEs predicted staff’s vaccine hesitancy. Although the reliance on self-report data and convenience sampling may hamper the generalizability of the results, this study highlighted the importance of addressing the loneliness of residents and staff in RCHEs to combat vaccine hesitancy. Innovative and technology-aided interventions are needed to build social support and ensure social interactions among the residents and staff, especially amid outbreaks.
Early stage of invasion of the quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) within the interconnected lakes Lough Ree and Lough Derg of the Shannon River system, Ireland
Authors: Flynn Oscar , Minchin Dan , Caplice Martina B. , O’Leary Kate , Swanwick Heather , Baars Jan-Robert
Published: November 2023

Quagga and zebra mussels of the genus Dreissena are two of the most impactful freshwater invasive alien species that have spread widely across the globe. These species attach to natural and artificial substrates, form dense populations and filter large volumes of water causing ecological and economic damage. Following the quagga mussel’s discovery in the Shannon River system in Ireland, this study assesses its local distribution, population density, relative abundance, and population structure in the interconnected lakes Lough Ree and Lough Derg in order to determine the likely year and location of its introduction. Polymodal length-frequency analysis was used to distinguish between year cohorts and estimate growth rates. The quagga mussel is established widely across both lakes and is settling on a range of artificial surfaces, natural substrates, dead shells, plant material, and other invasive bivalves. High densities of quagga mussels exceeding 20 000 individuals per m2 were present on artificial surfaces in Lough Ree with total dreissenid densities reaching 26 758 per m2. The relative abundance of quagga mussels to zebra mussels on natural substrates is high in Lough Ree (up to 94.7%) and low in Lough Derg (up to 16.8%). Two to four year cohorts were present at all sites, with quagga mussels attaining large shell sizes over 34 mm in length. Growth varied between sites with a maximum estimated yearly growth rate of 16.8 mm. The time and place of the quagga mussel’s initial introduction in Ireland is still uncertain, but its widespread distribution, population structure, and high population density and relative abundance suggest it was first introduced to Lough Ree in 2016 or 2017.
Actualités sur deux maladies virales vectorielles zoonotiques en Europe : West Nile et Usutu – réémergence du stéréotype 8 du virus de la fièvre catarrhale ovine (FCO)
Authors: Zientara Stéphan , Gonzalez Gaëlle
Published: November 2023

Deux flavivirus zoonotiques ou à potentiel zoonotique ont émergé en Europe, les virus West Nile et Usutu. Le virus Usutu dont le cycle est similaire à celui de West Nile circule en Europe et en France (depuis 2015). Il provoque une mortalité importante chez les oiseaux (notamment les merles) mais infecte aussi l’Homme (104 cas humains ont été rapportés en Europe). Le virus de la fièvre catarrhale du mouton de sérotype 8, transmis par des moucherons, a émergé en Europe du nord en 2006. La souche BTV-8 a réémergé en France en 2015. Nous avons effectué des analyses phylogénétiques de 164 génomes complets de virus BTV-8 séquencés directement à partir de prélèvements de sangs de ruminants. Une évolution génétique linéaire du virus est mise en évidence lors de chaque épizootie. L’utilisation en monte privée de semence contaminée pour l’insémination de cheptels bovins pourrait expliquer la réémergence du BTV-8 en 2015. Mots-Clés : West Nile, Usutu, émergence, fièvre catarrhale ovine, ré-émergence, évolution génétique
Duel franco-prussien. Quand la revue scientifique D’émile Alglave arbitrait les différents de Louis Pasteur et de Rudolf Virchow
Authors: Rosolen Serge , Dupouy-Camet Jean
Published: November 2023

Le bicentenaire de la naissance de deux savants exceptionnels du XIXe siècle, le français Louis Pasteur et l’allemand Rudolf Virchow a été fêté à un an d’intervalle. Le premier, chimiste et microbiologiste, a été qualifié de bienfaiteur de l’humanité, le second, médecin et père de l’anatomie pathologique, représentant d’un libéralisme à tendance sociale, a exercé une influence considérable sur la science allemande. S’ils ne se sont rencontrés physiquement qu’une fois ou deux, ils ont pu lire leurs articles parus dans la Revue Scientifique de la France et de l’étranger dirigée par Émile Alglave. Le conflit franco-prussien de 1870-1871 va exacerber leur patriotisme. Ils mettront en sourdine leurs aspirations de chercheurs pour s’ériger en thuriféraires de la civilisation et en défenseurs du génie de leur peuple, au nom de la Science. Nous présentons deux textes publiés dans La Revue Scientifique de la France et de l’étranger en 1871 qui illustrent les prises de position des deux savants. Mots-clé : Louis Pasteur ; Rudolf Virchow, Émile Alglave, Revue Scientifique, guerre franco-prussienne 1870-1871
Une approche translationnelle et ‘one health’ de la recherche sur la schizophrénie
Authors: Demars Fanny
Published: November 2023

Mots-Clés : Schizophrénie, psychose, patients à ultra haut risque, délétion 22q11.2, vulnérabilité interindividuelle, stress, extinction de la peur, modèle animal, épigénétique
Les vaccins aujourd’hui chez l’animal : 2. Adaptation aux enjeux sanitaires et défis sociétaux
Authors: Ridremont B
Published: November 2023

Les vaccins vétérinaires présentent un intérêt de plusieurs ordres : clinique, épidémiologique, zootechnique, environnemental, économique. Ils jouent également un rôle dans l’éradication de certaines infections, la lutte contre les maladies émergentes uniquement animales et les zoonoses, la préservation de la biodiversité, la lutte contre l’antibiorésistance et la prévention des toxi-infections alimentaires. En conclusion, les vaccins vétérinaires constituent une réponse aux défis sanitaires et aux attentes sociétales en termes de bien-être animal, santé humaine, lutte contre l’antibiorésistance, sécurité alimentaire, préservation de l’environnement (concepts « One Health » et « One Welfare »). Mots-clés : vaccins, vétérinaire, protection clinique, épidémiologie, économie, environnement, émergences, zoonoses, biodiversité, antibiorésistance, santé publique
Le chat dans l’islam et dans les croyances populaires en Tunisie
Authors: Gharbi Mohamed
Published: November 2023

L’auteur présente la première analyse descriptive sur la perception du chat par les tunisiens. Cette analyse comporte trois volets : le volet religion, proverbes et expressions et la perception du chat. La perception qu’a l’humain du chat varie à une période et un lieu donnés et conditionne de manière significative l’état de bien-être et les soins accordés aux animaux. Cette étude se veut la matrice d’une réflexion et d’un débat sur le sujet. Mots-Clés : Chat, Tunisie, Croyances, Islam
TÜRK DİZİ VE FİLMLERİNİN YABANCI DİL OLARAK TÜRKÇE ÖĞRENİMİNE ETKİSİ: KAZAKİSTAN ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Yaman Yılmaz
Published: November 2023

Özet: Öğrenme ortamı hedef dilin gelişiminde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Ancak Türkiye dışında gerçekleştirilen yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde ulaşılmak istenen başarıyı engelleyen çeşitli faktörler bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türk dizi ve filmlerinin yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenimine etkisini anlamaya ve belirlemeye çalışmaktır. Durum çalışmasının kullanıldığı bu çalışmada veriler görüşme tekniği ile elde edilmiştir. Toplanan veriler betimsel ve içerik analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada sonuçlara göre Türk dizi ve filmleri sırasıyla konuşma (%46), dinleme (%40), yazma (%10) ve okuma (%4) becerilerine olumlu yönde katkı sağladığı, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenmeyi isteklendirmede (%60) ile Türkiye ve Türk kültürünü tanıtma ve sevdirmede (%90.6) önemli bir kaynak olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca not tutma (%25) ve dil bilgisi öğrenme etkenlerinin (%3) katılımcılar tarafından az tercih edildiği görülmüştür.
Geological, legal and environmental aspects of lithium brine projects, NW Argentina
Authors: Rioja Héctor Santiago Sanchez , Saravias Santiago , López Michel
Published: November 2023

Lithium is crucial for the transition to green energy since Li-ion batteries are commonly used in consumer electronics, electrical vehicles and for storing electricity from renewable energy sources (wind and solar). In this scenery, the Li brine deposits located in Salta, Jujuy and Catamarca (NW Argentina) have a particular interest as they belong to the well-known “Lithium Triangle”. The issues related to the governance and sustainable development of Li resources are particularly challenging due to these Li brine deposits being constituted of dynamic fluids. Geological aspects of Li brine deposits are analyzed in the Argentinian legal framework that was conceived for solid ore deposits. The division of a salar into mining claims is very common in Argentina and this situation requires a specific definition of the boundaries of the mineralized body and the distribution of lithium grade. The understanding of the geological, legal, environmental and social aspects is crucial to address potential conflicts in simultaneous lithium extraction activities within one salar.
Structural reliability of a RC beam considering different preliminary designs
Authors: Fürst Adriano , Gomes Wellison José de Santana
Published: November 2023

In the last decades, most of the structural designs around the world have been made by employing semi-probabilistic approaches based on partial safety factors. These practical methods allow the engineer to deal with the safety of structures without the need to directly address the uncertainties involved. The simplicity of these approaches depends on the fact that the same values of the safety factors must be applicable to a large number of different cases; this typically leads to dispersion in the structural reliability levels. The present paper aims at quantifying such dispersion within a specific scenario, regarding RC structures, in a way different from those found in the literature. It focuses on a simple residential building, for which seven preliminary design solutions are proposed by different engineers, and seven different structures are obtained from these solutions, considering the specifications given by the Brazilian structural design code ABNT NBR 6118:2014. The structural reliability indexes of a continuous beam, common to all solutions, are assessed and compared. The results indicate that, even in this specific case, the variability related to the safety levels is significant. Furthermore, in some cases the reliability index is found to be below the target levels provided by international structural standards.
Implantação do projeto permanente de coleta seletiva solidária na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - campus Araranguá
Authors: Bortolotto Geovana Dagostim Savi , Bortolotto Tiago , Sandi Camila Garbin , Baggio Isadora Metz , Fernandes Felipe Galdino , Madruga Kátia Cilene Rodrigues
Published: November 2023

Um programa de coleta seletiva bem estruturado pode minimizar diversos impactos ambientais, gerando renda e inclusão social. A Universidade tem papel fundamental na formação profissional qualificada dos estudantes, sendo que a educação pode contribuir para a inserção dos valores que tange à questão ambiental visando a responsabilidade na segregação dos resíduos gerados. O presente estudo objetiva apresentar como ocorreu a implantação do projeto de coleta seletiva solidária dentro da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), no Campus situado no município de Araranguá, assim como os principais resultados atingidos pelo projeto. Esse iniciou em abril de 2022 e desde então o Campus vêm realizando a segregação dos resíduos e a destinação correta dos recicláveis. Foi definido um fluxo de trabalho que contempla desde o descarte até o destino do material. Entre os meses de abril de 2022 a agosto de 2023, aproximadamente 1100 kg de material reciclável foi coletado. De todos os materiais coletados como “Recicláveis”, aproximadamente 63 kg precisaram ser descartados como “Rejeitos”. Diante disso a perda média por coleta foi de 8,1% e a média de material triado girou em torno dos 65 kg/coleta. Registros fotográficos foram adicionados às postagens juntamente com orientações para o descarte correto e enviadas à comunidade acadêmica, o que contribuiu para que houvesse redução dos resíduos segregados incorretamente. O projeto tem trazido oportunidades de aprendizado sobre questões ambientais na Universidade e esperamos que ele possa contribuir cada vez mais para mostrar a responsabilidade social e ambiental acerca dos resíduos que são gerados diariamente.
Economic and Social Standing of Individuals in Iran Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ghadiri Fereshteh , Sahraian Mohammad Ali , Ashtari Fereshteh , Baghbanian Seyed Mohammad , Majdi-Nasab Nastaran , Hatamian Hamidreza , Faraji Fardin , Bayati Asghar , Sharifipour Ehsan , Jalali Nazanin , Mozhdehipanah Hossein , Kamali Hoda , Ayoubi Saeideh , Eskandarieh Sharareh , Naser Moghadasi Abdorreza
Published: November 2023

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) may be affected by socioeconomic status (SES). This study aims to explore the determinants of SES among Iranian patients with MS and examine how these factors relate to disability and disease progression. Methods: All patients with MS listed in the nationwide MS registry of Iran (NMSRI) until January 8, 2022, were included in this population-based study. Results: Among the 5153 patients, most were female (74.5%), married (70.8%), and did not hold an academic degree (53.8%). Unemployment (OR: 3.75) and being unmarried (OR: 2.60) were significantly associated with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)≥6, and the time to progression was shorter in the unemployed group (P value: 0.03). There was also a significant negative correlation between the time to progression and the age at disease onset. Conclusion: The study suggests that providing financial and social support to MS patients and their families through investment could reduce both individual and societal burdens.
Monitoring the COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Trend and its Determinants Among Iranian Adults
Authors: Molaeipour Leila , Hajebi Ahmad , Janani Leila , Salehi Masoud , Taghdisi Mohammad Hossein , Nazari-Kangavari Hajar , Esmailzadehha Neda , Varse Fatemeh , Pourattar Nasrin , Motevalian Seyed Abbas
Published: November 2023

Background: Vaccination seems to be the most critical means of halting the COVID-19 pandemic. It is crucial to understand the factors that influence COVID-19 vaccine acceptance to avoid low vaccination rates. This study intended to monitor the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and its association with socio-demographic factors and prior diagnosis of COVID-19 in Iranian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study utilized data from the COVID-19 Population Survey of Iran (COPSIR), a repeated national survey designed to monitor COVID-19-related behavioral insights. From April 2020 to November 2021, thirteen iterations of a series of cross-sectional studies involving computer-assisted telephone interviews were conducted. Results: The COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate remained above 80% until the ninth wave in February 2021, when it dropped to 62.9%. However, throughout the next four surveys, it rose gradually from 72.0% to 85.7%. The multilevel regression model revealed that the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was significantly and positively linked with age and education. Conclusion: Despite the relatively high COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate among Iranian adults, after the emergence of vaccines on the global market and controversies about their safety in Iran, the initially high vaccine acceptance rate dropped significantly, and then increased over time and returned to its peak level (85%). According to the Commodity Theory, this rise in vaccine acceptance can be attributed to the COVID-19 vaccine shortage in the country between January and July 2022. For Iranian adults to accept vaccines more readily, health promotion programs should target the youth and the less literate adults.
Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of an Educational Application in the Quality of Students’ Learning in the Cardiac Surgery Technology Course
Authors: Salehinia Reza , Bana Derakhshan Homayoon , Safaei Atlasi , Nasiri Sangari Marzieh
Published: November 2023

Background: There are various methods for teaching content, which is the most common lecture method with the most minor retention in teaching. Innovation in basic science teaching methods is needed to keep up with the ever-changing landscape of technology. The purpose of this study was to design, implement, and evaluate an educational application (gamification) on students’ learning in the course of cardiac surgery technology. Methods: This study is applied research in this project in which we intended to make the concepts of cardiac surgery technology understandable, enjoyable, and easy for students using an educational application (gamification) method. In this study, an educational application was created and provided to the students. Finally, three areas of student perception of learning, their scientific ability, and their educational atmosphere were evaluated via the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire. Results: According to the demographic findings, out of 110 samples, 65 (59%) were female students, and the mean age of the participating students was 21.23±2. The application was compatible with the Android operating system. It consisted of three parts investigating anatomy, surgical procedure, and cardiac surgical instruments and other parts investigating search, game guide, and participants’ points. Students’ learning and learning environment were evaluated as high (good picture of learning). Regarding the learning dimension and educational atmosphere, the highest score was related to the learning dimension (45.1). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the mean perception scores of male and female students. Conclusion: With the advancement of technology and industrialization of different societies, the use of new learning methods will be highly effective in educating students. According to the results of this study, students’ satisfaction with this educational application in cardiac surgery technology course indicated that this application upgrades and improves the learning of new teaching methods and motivates students to participate in the classroom. In other words, applying educational content can be fruitful.
Potential Roles of Exosomes in Aging and Age-Related Diseases
Authors: Hosseini Leila , Abolhasanpour Nasrin
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To review exosomes in aging and age-associated diseases. Design: A review study. Participants: Aged animals. Interventions: Exosome treatment. Outcome measures: The occurrence of age-associated diseases, aging skin, cognition, and cardiac dysfunction. Results: Exosomes are secreted by various cell types and comprise proteins, lipids, functional messenger RNAs, cytokines, growth factors, different noncoding RNA, micro-RNAs, and other bioactive substances. These nanoparticles are implicated in several physiological processes, including intercellular communication, cell migration, angiogenesis, and anti-tumor immunity, and have gained major interest in regenerative medicine. Furthermore, several studies have demonstrated the potential roles of exosomes in age-associated diseases such as aging skin, cognition, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and osteoarthritis (OA). Conclusions: We summarized various mechanisms of exosomes in the treatment of age-related diseases, including OA, PD, AD, and aged skin. These vesicles can be of efficient medicinal value for aged-associated disease therapy in preclinical trials. Further clinical trials are needed, but the majority of the literature suggests research directions that may provide new treatment approaches and strategies for clinical application.
Effect of sports shoe weight on lower limb muscle activities in athletes with ACL reconstruction during walking
Authors: Jafarnezhadgero AmirAli , Piran Hamlabadi Milad , Nader pour Masoumeh
Published: November 2023

Background. Different shoe weights affect walking mechanics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sport shoe weight on lower extremity muscle activities in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during walking. It was hypothesized that reduced shoe weight results in decreased frequency content of selected muscles during walking. Methods. Twenty healthy males and athletes with ACL reconstruction volunteered and gave their written informed consent to participate in this study. Participants were male and physically active. Each participant performed three walking trials in each of the light (mass per shoe: 150 ± 18 g), medium (300 ± 18 g), and heavy (450 ± 18 g) conditions in a randomized order and electromyography were analyzed during shod walking. Results. EMG results showed that the increase in shoe weight was directly related to the increase in electrical activity of the muscles, but only in the swing phase was the electrical activity of the TA muscle decreased. Conclusion. Different shoe weights affect the electrical activity of the muscles and the walking speed. Therefore, lighter weight shoes are recommended for patients with ACL. Practical Implications. The results of this study show that light shoes are useful for patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture and the use of lightweight shoes is recommended for people with anterior cruciate ligament rupture.
Major Bioactive Prenylated Flavonoids from Humulus lupulus L., Their Applications in Human Diseases and Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) – A Review
Authors: Comert Onder Ferah , Kalin Sevil , Sahin Nebahat , Davutlar Gulce , Abusharkh Khaled A.N. , Maraba Ozlem , Hal Rabia Selina , Ay Mehmet , Nahar Lutfun , Sarker Satyajit D.
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the incidence of cancers, inflammatory diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, glucose metabolism disorder and diabetes has increased alarmingly which demands more research into the discovery of new drug candidates to treat these human diseases. Main phytochemicals from Humulus lupulus L. (hops) have been demonstrated to have positive impacts on human health, and prenylated flavonoids are one of the major groups of bioactive phytochemicals found in this plant. Thus, this review summarizes the role of major prenylated components in hops in human diseases including cancer, inflammation and viral infections. In silico studies of prenylated bioactive compounds against various drug targets such as histone deactylases (HDACs), sirtuins (SIRTs), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and the molecular molecular interactions between protein and ligand have also been included. Furthermore, the structure-activity relationships (SAR) studies on these compounds are highlighted. This review concludes that the prenylated phytochemicals from H. lupulus L., including xanthohumol (XN), isoxanthohumol (IXN), 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) and 6-prenylnaringenin (6-PN), have promising roles in human health and may contribute to new drug discovery and development.
Investigating the Impact of Technostress on Perceived Hybrid Learning Environment and Academic Performance
Authors: Abbas Asad , Rincón Guillermina Benavides , Wang Liya , Siddiqui Mohammad Khubeb
Published: November 2023

For the betterment of society, education plays a significant role in helping human beings in both tangible and intangible manner. From time to time, various transformations came to the teaching and learning pedagogy. Moreover, it has been evaluated by respective available resources. During and post-COVID-19, we have seen a considerable inclination towards hybrid learning. So, as a researcher, we also need to evaluate whether it has been progressing well. The emergence of different waves of pandemics across the globe has forced higher education institutes to develop and implement new educational models and policies that help to improve the quality of education and learning. However, we also need to examine the impact of these new modalities. For this, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico, has also implemented its novel hybrid educational model, ' HyFlex+Tec,' to continue and uplift academic activities. This model has proposed access to quality education during and post-pandemic crisis and offers the possibility of providing a more environmentally friendly educational model. This study aims to explore the role of technostress in the association between a hybrid learning environment and students' academic performance and to reflect on how this new mode of blended learning could promote 'green-based' learning in an era of climate emergency. For this, we deployed a Form-based online survey among students through the convenient sampling technique. In total, we received 94 registered responses. For statistical analysis of quantitative datasets, we used a free and open statistical application, i.e., Jamovi. After the regression-based examination, it has been noted that technostress fully mediates the relationship between the perceived hybrid learning environment and the academic performance of undergraduate students. The reason for the occurrence of technostress among students is the continuous change in modalities, where the adaptation of new digital tools (software and devices) in a short time affects academic performance, thereby causing a lack of participation in course activities. This research provides guidelines to the university and government policymakers to update or introduce new flexible degree programs (in-person and hybrid) to promote digital skills and the wellbeing of students.
One of the founders of russian dentistry Pavel Georgievich Dauge: very personal…
Authors: Iordanishvili A.K.
Published: November 2023

The paper provides information about the personal life of an outstanding Russian dentist, founder of the journal “Stomatology”, Honored Worker of Culture of the Latvian SSR, Doctor of Medical Sciences Pavel Georgievich Dauge. The life path and professional activities of P.G. Dauge — Soviet seaman-order bearer Lev Mikhailovich Reisner, as well as members of the family, in which he was brought up. Particular attention is paid to the description of the life of P.G. Dauge and his son — L.M. Reisner during the period of mass political repressions in the USSR, the official ideological basis of which was the so-called concept of “intensifying the class struggle as the construction of socialism is completed,” as well as the “vital”, from the point of view of defending the socialist system, the preemptive destruction of the remnants of the “bourgeois elements” carried out in the 30—50 s. XX century by the organs of the NKVD.
Problems of intensification of bank lending to the real sector of the economy in the conditions of martial law
Authors: Gutsalenko Liubov , Marchuk Uliana , Muluk Tetiana
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Environmental security of Ukrainian society and the world community is the prerogative of the civilized world. The consequences of the terrorist military actions of the Russian Federation in Ukraine intensify the issue of environmental security. The costs of an environmental nature for the liquidation of the consequences of terrorist military actions are taking on a global scale and go beyond the borders of the state of Ukraine. These costs should be reflected in the accounting information system at all levels of management from micro to macro and meso levels.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to consider the environmental consequences caused by the military actions of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine and to investigate theoretical approaches to the definition of environmental accounting, its place and role in the information accounting system, taking into account the global costs of environmental restoration.Methods. In accordance with the outlined goal, general scientific research methods were used in the research process: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction (to form the theoretical foundations of the definition of environmental accounting); empirical - such as description and observation (to extract information about the risks and extent of damage to the environment caused by the terrorist military actions of the Russian Federation); graphic (for visualization of research results); theoretical - analysis, generalization, explanation; abstraction, logical methods (for the development of directions for improving the display of information about the global costs of environmental restoration in the accounting system). Results. The risks of damaged soils in war zones, the previous extent of damage to the agro-industrial complex are indicated; forest areas; energy system, etc. An assessment of the direct costs of agriculture and land resources was carried out. The approaches of scientists regarding the definition of environmental accounting are summarized, the features that are the basis of its essence (the process of displaying environmental costs and obligations, the accounting subsystem, the information collection system, the segmental area of accounting, the information function, the environmental accounting system) are highlighted. An assessment of Ukraine’s environmental sustainability in general with an EPI indicator of 49.6 and an assessment of environmental protection in 2022 is given. The location and relationship of environmental accounting in the information accounting system has been established.Prospects for further research are the need to compensate for the environmental consequences caused by the military actions of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine and to solve the problem of displaying the global costs of environmental restoration and the sources of their coverage in the accounting system, taking into account the norms of international law.
Development of the green bonds market
Authors: Prymostka Liudmyla , Sliesar Viacheslav
Published: November 2023

Introduction. It is determined that this type of investment is a significant segment for Ukraine as a member of global sustainable development. This financial segment is in a progressive and positive development stage. There is a need for a deeper study of the bonds in Ukraine and worldwide.Aim. The article aims to identify the global and national trends in the development of green bond markets to attract financial investments for the implementation of environmentally significant projects, as well as keep and substantiate the prospects for the development of this market in Ukraine.Methods. The theoretical basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition, analysis, and synthesis, as well as a complex approach to the study of economic processes in the field of financial investments. Specific methods of research, such as historical and economic analysis, statistical and economic analysis, abstract and logical analysis, and graphical methods were used.Results. The article presents the positive dynamics of the global green bonds market. The legal and regulatory framework that regulates the movement of green bonds in Ukraine is examined. The results of the research are relevant for application in the national financial system.The practical significance of the obtained results is that the proposals developed during the research will be used to create organizational support at various stages of the development of the green bond market in Ukraine. This will redirect financial flows toward the development and financing of green projects.Prospects. The prospects for further research are to utilize innovative mechanisms. Green bonds have created a new way to attract investors to green projects.