bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CATARATA CONGÊNITA: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Leal Gabriely do Nascimento , Medeiros Julya Sabino , Pimenta Natália Maria Riera , Vieira Matheus Pereira
Published: October 2024

Esta revisão de literatura reuniu artigos publicados preferencialmente em inglês, espanhol, francês e português nos últimos cinco anos na base de dados PUBMED objetivando revisar a catarata congênita, especialmente causas, diagnóstico e tratamento. A catarata congênita é uma opacificação do cristalino presente ao nascimento ou que surge logo após, sendo uma das principais causas de cegueira infantil. Pode ser causada por fatores genéticos, infecções intrauterinas (como rubéola e toxoplasmose) ou distúrbios metabólicos, como a galactosemia. O diagnóstico precoce é fundamental, e o “teste do olho” é crucial para identificar anomalias. O tratamento é cirúrgico, e a intervenção precoce pode evitar a ambliopia e promover melhor desenvolvimento visual. A cirurgia envolve a remoção do cristalino opacificado, com ou sem implante de lente intraocular. As complicações incluem glaucoma e opacificação da cápsula posterior. O acompanhamento pós-operatório é essencial para correção óptica e prevenção de complicações. O sucesso depende do tempo da cirurgia e da gravidade da catarata. Políticas públicas de diagnóstico e tratamento precoce são fundamentais para reduzir a cegueira infantil causada por catarata congênita.
AVANÇOS NO TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO DE ANEURISMAS DA AORTA TORÁCICA: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE TÉCNICAS ENDOVASCULARES E CIRURGIA ABERTA
Authors: Pierson Ian Dias de Souza , Andrade Clara Pego de , Mariano Maria Eduarda Oliveira , Veloso  João Henrique Teixeira
Published: October 2024

Introdução: Os aneurismas da aorta torácica (AAT) representam uma condição grave com alto risco de ruptura e mortalidade associada. O tratamento cirúrgico visa prevenir a ruptura, e as duas abordagens principais são a cirurgia aberta e as técnicas endovasculares. A escolha do procedimento depende de diversos fatores, como a localização do aneurisma, condição clínica do paciente e expertise cirúrgica. Nos últimos anos, as técnicas endovasculares, como a colocação de endoprótese (TEVAR), têm se destacado pela menor invasividade e recuperação mais rápida, embora a cirurgia aberta continue sendo indicada para casos mais complexos. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão integrativa é comparar os avanços recentes no tratamento cirúrgico de aneurismas da aorta torácica, com ênfase na eficácia, complicações e desfechos clínicos das técnicas endovasculares em relação à cirurgia aberta. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, abrangendo artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2023. Os critérios de inclusão contemplaram estudos comparativos entre as técnicas endovasculares e a cirurgia aberta em pacientes com AAT. Foram analisados ensaios clínicos, estudos de coorte e revisões sistemáticas que avaliaram complicações intraoperatórias, tempo de internação, mortalidade e resultados a longo prazo. Após triagem, 28 estudos foram selecionados para análise. Resultados e Discussão: A análise revelou que as técnicas endovasculares (TEVAR) são associadas a menor tempo de internação, redução das complicações pós-operatórias e recuperação mais rápida quando comparadas à cirurgia aberta. No entanto, pacientes submetidos à cirurgia aberta apresentaram melhores resultados em termos de durabilidade do reparo e menor taxa de reintervenção em longo prazo, especialmente em aneurismas complexos ou localizados em segmentos mais distais da aorta. Apesar das vantagens da técnica endovascular, complicações como endoleaks e a necessidade de novas intervenções ainda são questões desafiadoras. A seleção criteriosa dos pacientes é crucial para determinar a técnica mais apropriada. Conclusão: Os avanços nas técnicas endovasculares representam uma importante evolução no tratamento dos aneurismas da aorta torácica, oferecendo uma opção menos invasiva com bons resultados em curto prazo. No entanto, a cirurgia aberta continua a ser o padrão-ouro em casos mais complexos e de difícil acesso endovascular. A escolha entre as abordagens deve ser baseada nas características individuais do paciente e na complexidade do aneurisma.
Global-scale gravity wave analysis methodology for the ESA Earth Explorer 11 candidate CAIRT
Authors: Rhode Sebastian , Preusse Peter , Ungermann Jörn , Polichtchouk Inna , Sato Kaoru , Watanabe Shingo , Ern Manfred , Nogai Karlheinz , Sinnhuber Björn-Martin , Riese Martin
Published: October 2024

Abstract. In the past, satellite climatologies of gravity waves (GWs) have initiated progress in their representation in global models. However, these could not provide the phase speed and direction distributions needed for a better understanding of the interaction between GWs and the large-scale winds directly. The ESA Earth Explorer 11 candidate CAIRT could provide such observations. CAIRT would use a limb-imaging Michelson interferometer resolving a wide spectral range, allowing temperature and trace gas mixing ratio measurements. With the proposed instrument design, a vertical resolution of 1 km, along-track sampling of 50 km, and across-track sampling of 25 km in a 400 km wide swath will be achieved. In particular, this allows for the observation of three-dimensional (3D), GW-resolving temperature fields throughout the middle atmosphere. In this work, we present the methodology for the GW analysis of CAIRT observations using a limited-volume 3D sinusoidal fit (S3D) wave analysis technique. We assess the capability of CAIRT to provide high-quality GW fields by the generation of synthetic satellite observations from high-resolution model data and comparison of the synthetic observations to the original model fields. For the assessment, wavelength spectra, phase speed spectra, horizontal distributions, and zonal means of GW momentum flux (GWMF) are considered. The atmospheric events we use to exemplify the capabilities of CAIRT are the 2006 sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event, the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the tropics, and the mesospheric preconditioning phase of the 2019 SSW event. Our findings indicate that CAIRT would provide highly reliable observations not only of global-scale GW distributions and drag patterns but also of specific wave events and their associated wave parameters. Even under worse-than-expected noise levels of the instrument, the resulting GW measurements are highly consistent with the original model data. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the estimated GW parameters can be used for ray tracing, which physically extends the horizontal coverage of the observations beyond the orbit tracks.
Development and deployment of a mid-cost CO2 sensor monitoring network to support atmospheric inverse modeling for quantifying urban CO2 emissions in Paris
Authors: Lian Jinghui , Laurent Olivier , Chariot Mali , Lienhardt Luc , Ramonet Michel , Utard Hervé , Lauvaux Thomas , Bréon François-Marie , Broquet Grégoire , Cucchi Karina , Millair Laurent , Ciais Philippe
Published: October 2024

Abstract. To effectively monitor highly heterogeneous urban CO2 emissions using atmospheric observations, there is a need to deploy cost-effective CO2 sensors at multiple locations within the city with sufficient accuracy to capture the concentration gradients in urban environments. These dense measurements could be used as input of an atmospheric inversion system for the quantification of emissions at the sub-city scale or to separate specific sectors. Such quantification would offer valuable insights into the efficacy of local initiatives and could also identify unknown emission hotspots that require attention. Here we present the development and evaluation of a mid-cost CO2 instrument designed for continuous monitoring of atmospheric CO2 concentrations with a target accuracy of 1 ppm for hourly mean measurements. We assess the sensor sensitivity in relation to environmental factors such as humidity, pressure, temperature and CO2 signal, which leads to the development of an effective calibration algorithm. Since July 2020, eight mid-cost instruments have been installed within the city of Paris and its vicinity to provide continuous CO2 measurements, complementing the seven high-precision cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) stations that have been in operation since 2016. A data processing system, called CO2calqual, has been implemented to automatically handle data quality control, calibration and storage, which enables the management of extensive real-time CO2 measurements from the monitoring network. Colocation assessments with the high-precision instrument show that the accuracies of the eight mid-cost instruments are within the range of 1.0 to 2.4 ppm for hourly afternoon (12:00–17:00 UTC) measurements. The long-term stability issues require manual data checks and instrument maintenance. The analyses show that CO2 measurements can provide evidence for underestimations of CO2 emissions in the Paris region and a lack of several emission point sources in the emission inventory. Our study demonstrates promising prospects for integrating mid-cost measurements along with high-precision data into the subsequent atmospheric inverse modeling to improve the accuracy of quantifying the fine-scale CO2 emissions in the Paris metropolitan area.
Spatiotemporal functional permutation tests for comparing observed climate behavior to climate model projections
Authors: French Joshua P. , Kokoszka Piotr S. , McGinnis Seth
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Comparisons of observed and modeled climate behavior often focus on central tendencies, which overlook other important distributional characteristics related to quantiles and variability. We propose two permutation procedures, standard and stratified, for assessing the accuracy of climate models. Both procedures eliminate the need to model cross-correlations in the data, encouraging their application in a variety of contexts. By making only slightly stronger assumptions, the stratified procedure dramatically strengthens the ability to detect a difference in the distribution of observed and climate model data. The proposed procedures allow researchers to identify potential model deficiencies over space and time for a variety of distributional characteristics, providing a more comprehensive assessment of climate model accuracy, which will hopefully lead to further model refinements. The proposed statistical methodology is applied to temperature data generated by the state-of-the-art North American Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (NA-CORDEX).
Hydrothermal inputs drive dynamic shifts in microbial communities in Lake Magadi, Kenya Rift Valley
Authors: Collins Evan R. , Ferland Troy M. , Castañeda Isla S. , Owen R. Bernhart , Lowenstein Tim K. , Cohen Andrew S. , Renaut Robin W. , O'Beirne Molly D. , Werne Josef P.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The Methane Index (MI) is an organic geochemical index that uses isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) as a proxy for methane cycling. Here, we report results from core spanning > 700 ka in Lake Magadi, Kenya, which shows abrupt shifts between high and low MI values in the core. These shifts coincide with interbedded tuffaceous silt. Where tuffaceous silts are present, MI “switches off” (MI < 0.2); in contrast, where these silts are absent in the core, the MI increases (MI > 0.5). Bulk organic matter is enriched in 13C in Magadi during “MI-off” periods, with values of ~ −18 ‰ in the upper part of the core and −22 to −25 ‰ in the lower portion. Evidence from n-alkanes and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) support previous interpretations of an arid environment with a shallower lake where Thermoproteotal (formerly Crenarchaeota) archaea thrive in a hot spring rich environment over Euryarchaeota. Sediments deposited when the MI switches “on” showed δ13COM values as low as −89.4 ‰, but most were within the range of −28 to −30 ‰, which is consistent with contributions from methanogens rather than methanotrophs. Thus, the likely source of these high MI values in Lake Magadi is methanogenic archaea. Our results show that hydrothermal inputs of bicarbonate-rich waters into Lake Magadi cause a shift in the dominant archaeal communities, alternating between two stable states.
Electron spin dynamics during microwave pulses studied by 94 GHz chirp and phase-modulated EPR experiments
Authors: Lenjer Marvin , Wili Nino , Hecker Fabian , Bennati Marina
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Electron spin dynamics during microwave irradiation are of increasing interest in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, as locking electron spins into a dressed state finds applications in EPR and dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments. Here, we show that these dynamics can be probed by modern pulse EPR experiments that use arbitrary waveform generators to produce shaped microwave pulses. We employ phase-modulated pulses to measure Rabi nutations, echoes, and echo decays during spin locking of a BDPA radical at 94 GHz EPR frequency. Depending on the initial state of magnetization, different types of echos are observed. We analyze these distinct coherence transfer pathways and measure the decoherence time T2ρ, which is a factor 3–4 longer than Tm. Furthermore, we use chirped Fourier transform EPR to detect the evolution of magnetization profiles. Our experimental results are well reproduced using a simple density matrix model that accounts for T2ρ relaxation in the spin lock (tilted) frame. The results provide a starting point for optimizing EPR experiments based on hole burning, such as electron-nuclear double resonance or ELDOR-detected NMR.
Influence of water on crystallographic preferred orientation patterns in a naturally deformed quartzite
Authors: Rahl Jeffrey M. , Moehringer Brendan , Befus Kenneth S. , Singleton John S.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Laboratory experiments demonstrate that intragranular water exerts an important control on deformation within quartz, causing weakening and promoting plasticity. The role of water in natural quartz deformation, however, remains unclear, as recent studies find an inverse relationship between water content and the magnitude of plastic strain. Furthermore, little work has investigated the effects, if any, of water on the relative activity of various slip systems in quartz. We focus on a naturally strained quartzite from the Antietam Formation of the Blue Ridge in Virginia, USA. Quartz water content ranges from < 50 to > 2000 ppm H2O. Water content and crystallographic data were correlated for 968 grains, enabling us to explore the relationship between water content and quartz crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) patterns. “Dry” (< 150 ppm H2O) and “wet” (> 500 ppm H2O) subsets show distinct CPOs; c axes of dry grains define a cross girdle oriented perpendicular to the extension direction (x), whereas c axes of wet grains are concentrated along the perimeter of the pole figure. All water content subsets show grains clustered near the direction of maximum shortening (z), consistent with activity of the basal 〈a〉 slip system. The cross girdle in the driest grains suggests activity of prism 〈a〉 and possibly rhomb 〈a〉, whereas the orientation of the wettest grains implies a contribution from prism [c] slip. These slip system interpretations are supported by analyses of intragranular misorientations. These results indicate that water content impacts the relative activity of various slip systems in natural quartz, potentially affecting application of the quartz opening angle thermometer.
Modelling the effect of free convection on permafrost melting rates in frozen rock clefts
Authors: Sedaghatkish Amir , Doumenc Frédéric , Jeannin Pierre-Yves , Luetscher Marc
Published: October 2024

Abstract. This research develops a conceptual model of a karst system subject to mountain permafrost. The transient thermal response of a frozen rock cleft after the rise in the atmospheric temperature above the melting temperature of water is investigated using numerical simulations. Free convection in liquid water (i.e. buoyancy-driven flow) is considered. The density increase in water from 0 to 4 °C causes warmer meltwater to flow downwards and colder upwards, resulting in significant enhancement of the heat transferred from the ground surface to the melting front. Free convection increases the melting rate by approximately an order of magnitude compared to a model based on thermal conduction in stagnant water. The model outcomes are compared qualitatively with field data from the Monlesi ice cave (Switzerland) and confirm the agreement between real-world observations and the proposed model when free convection is considered.
Performance of wind assessment datasets in United States coastal areas
Authors: Sheridan Lindsay M. , Wang Jiali , Draxl Caroline , Bodini Nicola , Phillips Caleb , Duplyakin Dmitry , Tinnesand Heidi , Rai Raj K. , Flaherty Julia E. , Berg Larry K. , Jung Chunyong , Young Ethan
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The atmospheric dynamics that occur near the intersection of land and water offer exciting and challenging opportunities for wind energy deployment in coastal locations. New models and tools are continually being developed in support of wind resource assessment, and three recent products are explored in this work for their performance in representing characteristics of the wind resource at coastal locations: the Global Wind Atlas 3 (GWA3), the 2023 National Offshore Wind data set (NOW-23), and the wind climate simulations that are a component of the Wind Integration National Dataset (WIND) Toolkit Long-term Ensemble Dataset (WTK-LED Climate). These relatively new products are freely available and user-friendly so that anyone from a utility-scale developer to a resident or business owner can evaluate the potential for wind energy generation at their location of interest. The validations in this work provide guidance on the accuracy of wind resource assessments for coastal customers interested in installing small or midsize wind turbines (≤ 1 MW in capacity) to support energy needs at the residential, business, or community scale, such as the island and remotely located participants of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Energy Transitions Initiative Partnership Project. At 23 coastal locations across the United States, dataset performance varies according to different evaluation metrics. All three recent datasets tend to overestimate the observed coastal wind resource. GWA3 produces the smallest annual average wind speed relative errors, whereas WTK-LED Climate is in best agreement in terms of representing diurnal wind speed cycles. NOW-23 is the highest performing of the datasets for representing seasonal and inter-annual trends in the coastal wind resource. While GWA3 and WTK-LED Climate are relatively insensitive to the dataset output heights selected for wind resource assessment at small and midsize wind turbine hub heights (20 m – 60 m), significant variation in the NOW-23 representation of wind shear across the wind profile in the lowest 100 m of the atmosphere leads to notable differences in wind speed estimates according to the dataset output heights selected for evaluation. GWA3 exhibits challenges in representation of observed wind speed diurnal cycles at small and midsize turbine hub heights, likely due to the dataset’s consistent treatment of hourly wind speed trends regardless of altitude.
Tall Wind Profile Validation Using Lidar Observations and Hindcast Data
Authors: Cheynet Etienne , Diezel Jan Markus , Haakenstad Hilde , Breivik Øyvind , Peña Alfredo , Reuder Joachim
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The development of large offshore wind turbines and airborne wind energy (AWE) systems requires reliable wind speed datasets at heights far above the atmospheric surface layer. Traditional measurement approaches, primarily reliant on met-masts, fall short of addressing the needs of modern wind turbine design and AWE systems development. In this study, we validate three different model-based datasets, namely the 3-km Norwegian Hindcast archive (NORA3), the New European Wind Atlas (NEWA), and ERA5 using Doppler wind lidar data from several locations in Norway and the North Sea. The validation focuses on altitudes from 100 to 500 m above ground, covering the operational range of large wind turbines and AWE systems. Our findings indicate that ERA5 and NORA3 perform remarkably well in offshore locations, with ERA5 showing the closest correlation to lidar data up to 200 m. NORA3 outperforms the other two models in two coastal and one complex terrain sites. Finally, an increasing agreement between the models and lidar measurements with height suggests that model-based datasets can be valuable for AWE systems research and development.
Hysterectomy Rate Following Endometrial Ablation in Ontario: A Cohort Analysis of 76,446 Patients
Authors: McGee J , McClure A , Ilnitsky S , Vilos A , Abu-Rafea B , Vilos G
Published: October 2024

Background: Endometrial Ablation (EA) is an alternative to hysterectomy for the management of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB); however, it does not eliminate the need for future surgical re-intervention.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to establish long-term clinical outcomes including the risk of hysterectomy in women who had undergone a primary EA.

Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective population-based cohort study utilising administrative data from the Canadian province of Ontario. This study assesses patients undergoing surgery in a publicly funded health care system.

Main Outcome Measures: We assessed women in Ontario undergoing a primary EA over a 15-year period. The primary outcome was hysterectomy within 5 years of primary EA. Secondary outcomes included myomectomy and repeat EA. All outcomes were also reported for 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 years of follow-up. Logistic regression was used to establish predictors of hysterectomy within 5 years of primary EA.

Results: A total of 76,446 primary EAs were evaluated from 2002-2017, with 16,480 (21.56%) undergoing a subsequent surgical intervention. The average age of primary EA was 43.8 (+/- 6.3) years. Within 5 years, the evaluable cohort was 52,464, with 8,635 (16.46%) of women having proceeded to hysterectomy, 664 (1.27%) to myomectomy, and 2,468 (2.8%) to repeat ablation. By 15-years follow-up, the evaluable cohort was 1,788, with 28.75% had undergone a hysterectomy, 2.01% a myomectomy, and 5.20% a repeat EA. On logistic regression analysis, advancing age at time of EA was associated with significantly decreased odds of hysterectomy (OR=0.94, 95% CI 0.935-0.944, p<.0001) as was increasing surgical experience (OR=0.997, 95% CI 0.994-1.000, p=.022). Conversely, complex diagnosis (OR=1.102, 95% CI 1.042-1.164, p<.0001) and previous abdominal surgery (OR=1.288, 95% CI 1.222-1.357, p<0.0001) were associated with increased risk of subsequent hysterectomy.

Conclusion: Primary EA is associated with a high risk of progression to subsequent hysterectomy or other surgical intervention, without evidence of plateau of risk with long term follow-up.

What is new? This study has the longest follow-up assessing hysterectomy outcomes in women undergoing a primary EA, with 28.75% of women having undergone a hysterectomy within 15 years of their EA.
Caesarean scar defect and retained products of conception (RPOC): a step-by-step combined hysteroscopic and laparoscopic treatment
Authors: Panico G , Mastrovito S , Bonetti E , Fanfani F , Scambia G , Catena U
Published: October 2024

Background: Uterine scar defect (also called uterine niche or isthmocele) associated to retained products of conception (RPOC) is an uncommon occurrence following caesarean section. Typically, the primary indicator is abnormal vaginal bleeding, and an accurate diagnosis can be established through ultrasound evaluation. Several surgical and endoscopic treatments have been described.

Objectives: To show a step-by-step video of combined hysteroscopic and laparoscopic approach to perform isthmocele repair in a patient with caesarean scar defect and RPOC.

Materials and Methods: We report a case of a 34-year-old patient who was referred to our Digital Hysteroscopic Clinic (DHC) for abnormal vaginal bleeding and persistent pelvic pain, three months after a caesarean section. A single-step diagnostic approach through transvaginal ultrasound and diagnostic hysteroscopy revealed the presence of an isthmic uterine niche within the caesarean scar area, containing a poorly vascularised heterogeneous hyperechoic focal mass measuring 33x11x33 millimetres.

Main outcome measures: Removal of RPOC and surgical complications.

Results: All retained placental tissue was removed and the uterine wall defect was corrected. No complications occurred and the patient was discharged two days after the procedure. Patient was asymptomatic at 3 months follow up and ultrasound and hysteroscopy showed a reconstituted uterine wall.

Conclusion: An integrated hysteroscopic and laparoscopic approach seems to be an effective conservative method to remove RPOC and perform isthmocele repair with optimal surgical results.
ICG mapping of postoperative lymphatic leakage in the groin: a video article and literature review
Authors: Schubert M , Bauerschlag D.O. , Farrokh A , Maass N , Pape J , Alkatout I
Published: October 2024

Background: Inguinofemoral lymphoceles are a common postoperative complication after inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy (LNE) and a challenge for patients as well as physicians. We report here our preliminary experience in the surgical management of a recurrent lymphocele using indocyanine green (ICG) detection, followed by robotic-assisted closure of the lymphatic leaks.

Objectives: The aim of this article is to illustrate the surgical steps of ICG-assisted detection of inguinal lymphatic leaks and their surgical treatment by means of robot-assisted suturing. Furthermore, the feasibility of the approach will be evaluated.

Materials and methods: A 59-year-old woman with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva and previous conventional bilateral inguinofemoral LNE presented with symptomatic therapy-resistant lymphoceles in the groin. After a lengthy and frustrating course of standard therapy, she was offered the off-label option surgical treatment with ICG detection and subsequent robot-assisted ligation of the leaks, using the Da Vinci robotic system™.

Main outcome measures: Perioperative data, specific aspects of the surgical approach specifics, objective and subjective outcomes of the new approach.

Results: The procedure was performed as planned, with no intraoperative complications or device-related issues. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient developed no further lymphoceles.

Conclusion: Visualisation of the leakage by ICG combined with minimally invasive robotic-assisted laparoscopy is a promising therapy option. The pictures and videos demonstrate our experience in regard of the safety, feasibility, and usefulness of this procedure.

Further studies will be needed, to prove the absolute efficacy of the technique and express a general recommendation in regard of this approach for the treatment of inguinofemoral lymphoceles.
Successful pregnancy outcome after sonographic control and gasless laparoscopic removal of 810-gram fibroid during pregnancy: case report
Authors: Piriyev E , Römer T
Published: October 2024

The management of symptomatic uterine fibroids during pregnancy is a challenging situation. In some cases, surgical therapy can be required. Reports indicate that both laparotomy and laparoscopy are safe methods. However, laparoscopy is associated with less morbidity. This paper describes the case of a 31-year-old woman with a symptomatic uterine fibroid which was removed by gasless laparoscopy.
Recommendations for the implementation and conduct of multidisciplinary team meetings for those providing endometriosis and adenomyosis care – a Delphi consensus of the European Endometriosis League (EEL)
Authors: Burla L , Kalaitzopoulos D.R. , Samartzis N , Khazali S , Bokor A , Renner S.P. , Hudelist G , Constantin A.S. , Schäfer S.D. , Nassif J , Naem A , Keckstein J , Krentel H
Published: October 2024

Background: The treatment of endometriosis and adenomyosis requires a complex, multidisciplinary approach. Some centres have established multidisciplinary teams (MDT) and regular meetings. There are currently no international data or recommendations.

Objectives: To examine existing MDT meetings and define consensus recommendations to support implementation and conduct.

Materials and Methods: Online questionnaires were sent through the European Endometriosis League (EEL) based on a Delphi protocol. After a literature review and assessment of existing MDT meetings, essential aspects for consensus statements were identified. The consensus statements were evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale with the possibility to modify them. Results were analysed between rounds and reported to the respondents.
Consensus, defined as ≥70% agreement, concluded the Delphi process when achieved in the majority of statements.

Main outcome measures: Prevalence and type of existing MDT meetings and recommendations.

Results: In round 1, 69 respondents participated, with 49.3% (34) having an MDT meeting at their institutions, of which 97% are multidisciplinary. 50 % meet once a month and 64.7% indicated that less than 25% of their patients are discussed. Throughout the three rounds, 47 respondents from 21 countries participated. During the process, 82 statements were defined, with an agreement of 92.7% on the statements.

Conclusions: This study assessed existing MDT meetings for endometriosis and adenomyosis and developed recommendations for their implementation and conduct. The consensus group supports the strengths of MDT meetings, highlighting their role in offering guideline-based, multidisciplinary, and personalised care.

What is new? This study presents the first international data and recommendations on MDT meetings for endometriosis and adenomyosis.
LA INCONCEBIBILIDAD DE LA POBREZA EN LA SOCIEDAD LIBRE. EL ARGUMENTO JURÍDICO.
Authors: Luca Moratal Roméu
Published: October 2024

Poverty, an open wound on humanity, is also a pending issue for libertarian political theory, the current of thought that advocates minimization of coercion, and thereby maximization of freedom, as an ideal of social organization. While libertarians have prolifically argued that a free society would be much more prosperous in all its strata, they have never sought to demonstrate so ambitious a proposition that such a society would become incompatible with the very phenomenon of poverty. This essay provides demonstration thereof by means of a legal-philosophical argument built upon the legal treatment that so-called famine theft would presumably receive in the non-statist legal community. Based on the primacy of human life and dignity over any other legal value, famine theft would constitute an exception to the inviolability of private property. Echoing the historical development of maintenance obligations arising from a family relationship, the evolutionary nature of decentralized law would gradually widen the range of material needs suitable to qualify as determinants of poverty, the presence of which would legitimize the resort to this exception. Likewise, it would spontaneously result in the voluntary articulation of social assistance networks, the contribution to which would be judicially recognized as a counter-exception to the admissibility of famine theft and similar behaviors—thus affording full legal protection of property.
EXTRACTING PRICE SIGNALS FROM THE TERM STRUCTURE OF COMMODITY AND CREDIT MARKETS USING AUSTRIAN BUSINESS CYCLE THEORY
Authors: Philipp Deussen  , Max R. Angeley
Published: October 2024

Austrian School economists first explained the significance of interest rates for the structure of production in time. Furthermore, they showed how manipulating the level of interest and the credit supply causes the business cycle (v.Böhm-Bawerk, 1891; v.Hayek, 1938; v.Hayek, 1941 and v.Mises, 1949). More recently, Austrian School economists have elaborated the relationship between the term structure of interest rates and the business cycle (Barnett and Block, 2009; Bagus and Howden, 2010; Bagus et al., 2018; Potuzak and Nemec, 2020; Alonso-Neira and Sanchez-Bayon, 2023). At the same time, market practitioners understand the potency of yield curve inversions as a predictor of future recessions as a result of experience and observation unrelated to Austrian Business Cycle Theory (ABCT). Reference textbooks (Stigum and Crescensi, 2007) explain that capital allocators are pricing in future cuts to the central bank discount rate, thus inverting the yield curve. This ignores the role of free-market price signals in credit, which result from supply and demand fundamentals, and are the link connecting ABCT to term structures.The term structure of commodities markets is also affected by actual or anticipated shortfalls in production over different time horizons. This is widely understood, perhaps because settlement by physical delivery is commonplace and tangible (Hull, 2022). Even though credit and derivatives may at first glance seem more abstract, the same underlying market principles are at work there. The theoretical foundations of and recent work on ABCT provide the necessary tools to analyse both markets through the same lens.
EL DECLIVE DE LA VIRTUD EN OCCIDENTE
Authors: Fernando del Pino Calvo-Sotelo
Published: October 2024

Frecuentemente acusamos a la clase política de carecer de valores, pero ¿son los políticos una excepción o se limitan a reflejar la carencia de valores (o, mejor dicho, de virtudes) de la sociedad que les vota? ¿Puede un pueblo que ama la verdad y la honestidad votar a psicópatas, mentirosos patológicos y caraduras?“La ciudad no se adorna con cosas exteriores, sino con la virtud de quienes la habitan”, escribía Epicteto. ¿Cuáles son las virtudes de los que habitan las sociedades occidentales? Porque sin el ejercicio de las virtudes no se puede aspirar a un orden social justo ni tampoco a la felicidad individual, afirmación que hoy quizá sorprenda pero que Aristóteles tenía claro hace 2.300 años: “sin virtud no podemos ser felices, hasta donde los hombres pueden serlo1”. Lo mismo defiende el cristianismo, raíz de la civilización europea: la virtud es la piedra angular sobre la que se apoya la felicidad, la convivencia y la verdadera libertad del ser humano.
RESEÑA DEL LIBROESPÍRITUS DEL TIEMPO. TOMO I de Carlos Alejandro Dávila Núñez
Authors: Daniel José Gallego Morales
Published: October 2024

Este pequeño libro, editado por Quimera Editorial, sirve de perfecta introducción para los distintos autores que ya tenían en sus escritos medievales la génesis de las ideas de la libertad. Se trata de un compendio de un total de 21 figuras con una semblanza que al lector le servirá como acercamiento.Como reza Carlos Alejandro al comienzo del prefacio, se trata de autores cuyas obras tuvieron directa o indirectamente influencia suficiente para que haya trascendido a lo largo del tiempo dentro de la historia del pensamiento económico. Por ejemplo, este primer tomo comienza con San Bernardino de Siena, cuyo cometido mejoró el trabajo de Pedro de Olivi en el siglo XV, el cual dos siglos atrás fue el primero en utilizar la palabra capital para referir al dinero invertido en negocios.
WASTEFUL GOVERNMENT SPENDING AND MARKET DISTORTION: AN EMPIRICAL ACCOUNT OF MODERN INTERVENTIONISM’S UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT
Authors: Erick Behar-Villegas
Published: October 2024

Wasteful government spending can be seen in the Misesian tradition as a type of interventionism with unintended consequences, such as market distortion and the creation of privilege. An underlying problem that helps the distortion become a tradition is that of ‘wasteful spending cultures’. The latter reflects a hardly identifiable problem in practice, i.e. the creation of welfare losses through public administration practices that are influenced by bureaucratic inertia. The growing acceptance of the compatibility of the Austrian tradition and public policy studies allows for a better understanding of imperfect policies, their consequences, and ways to improve both the process and its result. Using data from government-driven procurement of armored cars in Colombia, this paper illustrates how the distortion of the market mechanism is affected by narrative-driven practices and how special interest groups derive rents at the expense of citizens. Using a cost-effectiveness analysis, the study identifies how a tradition is built around procuring high-end vehicles, portraying a failed central planner in the modern public administration context of a developing country.
Analysing Nigeria’s Trade Policies: Evolution, Achievements, and Challenges
Authors: A. A. Soneye, , A. Yahaya-Bambale, , I. T. Jolayemi, , F. D. Theophilus, , H. M. Gambo,
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the trajectory of Nigeria's trade policies from the pre-independence era to the present day, highlighting their benefits and challenges. Indeed, successive Nigerian governments have implemented various policies to reduce dependence on oil and gas, seeking to diversify the economy base. While noticeable gains have been recorded in the agricultural sector and domestic manufacturing capabilities, the need for improvement is equally not doubtful. There is the strong imperative for improvements in the value-chain of agriculture, enhancement of manufacturing capabilities and efficiency, and capital investments to boost the solid minerals sector. All of these are initiatives that must be considered if the country must develop pragmatic trade policies. The globalisation of trade has clearly shown that Nigeria must move beyond implementing trade policies that are protective of its domestic industries, but to adopt those that balance its economic growth and development objectives.
Analysis of Capital Market Development and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: David Adekunle Oluwagbenga
Published: October 2024

This study examined the analysis of capital market development and economic growth in Nigeria between 1986 and 2022. As a result, the real gross domestic product was used as the dependent variable while independent variables in the study included market capitalisation, all share index, value of transactions, total number of new issues and exchange rate. The Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag Modelling (ARDL) technique as well as the Engle Granger causality test were used to analyse the data obtained from the CBN statistical bulletin. The results emanating from the analysis reported that the total number of new issues had a positive impact on economic growth while other variables had insignificant effects on economic growth. Furthermore, the causality results revealed that all the stock market variables had a uni-directional causality running from each of them to economic growth. Therefore, it is recommended that new issues in the capital market should be seriously regulated as they can affect economic growth in a significant manner.
Perceived Work-Related Stress and Coping Strategies among Clinical Nurses in University of Osun State Teaching Hospital
Authors: D. F. Onisile, , P. O. Olanipekun, , D. N. Akintayo, , A. C. Okafor,
Published: October 2024

Aim: To examine primary stressors, coping strategies, and techniques used by nurses working in the Uniosun Teaching Hospital in Osogbo, Osun State. Methods: Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: The University of Osun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, South-western, Nigeria between November 2022 and January 2023. Methodology: A self-structured questionnaire with contents derived from the Nursing Stress Scale (NSS) was used as the instrument. One hundred and eighty-seven (187) (21 males, 166 females; age ranged 18-60 years) qualified registered nurses were included in this study. Results: Majority of the respondents were 21-30 years old (44.9%), while more than a quarter (26.7%) had worked between 21 and 30 years. Workload was the main cause of stress among the overwhelming majority of respondents, with a response rate of 72.2% and a mean score of 17.35 while 88.8% reported relaxation as their coping mechanism. There was a significant difference between cause of stress and frequency of P = 0.000* while we found no significant difference between the causes of stress and the coping strategies adopted with P = 0.587. Conclusion: The study concludes that nurses' workload due to inadequate staffing is the primary cause of stress, and it recommends recruiting more nurses into the clinical field to help reduce this burden.
Parkinson’s disease caused by diabetes mellitus: pathophysiology and potential treatments
Authors: Thagunna Priyanka , Chaudhary Priya
Published: October 2024

There have been growing indications that persons with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk of getting Parkinson's. Insulin is the hormone responsible for energy metabolism and glucose regulation. However, several reports have demonstrated that insulin can pass across the brain-blood junction and affect multiple processes within the brain. Furthermore, there has been increasing proof that an event like peripheral insulin insensitivity takes place in the brains of Parkinson's disease individuals, regardless of diabetes. This brings up the notion that faulty glucose signaling pathways are to blame for the emergence of pathological aspects of Parkinson's disease (PD), implying that the glucose signaling pathway could be an alternative target for disease management. After identifying the linkages between Parkinson's disease and T2DM, it is perhaps not unexpected that medications used to treat T2DM and phytotherapy are among the most effective therapy options being prioritized as innovative treatments for PD. Thus, this study explored the shared pathogenic mechanisms and metabolic pathways that link DM and Parkinson's disease with different PD therapies.
Main risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases among residents of the Altai Territory
Authors: Aleksentseva A. V. , Osipova I. V. , Shirokostup S. V. , Dechar V. V. , Klimova E. E.
Published: October 2024

Purpose of the study. analysis of the prevalence of the main risk factors for the development of chronic NCDs in the unorganized population of the Altai Territory aged 25–64 years.

Materials and methods. The study involved 1,103 people aged 25–64 years, selected by random sampling from the population of the Altai Territory. The survey was conducted using a standard questionnaire. During the study, the blood pressure level, height, and weight of respondents were measured.

Results. The study involved 1103 people, of whom 33.4 % were men (n = 368), women – 66.6 % (n = 735). Smoking was registered in 21.5 % (n = 234), among men – 45.7 % (n = 166), among women – 9.4 % (n = 68). IBP of salt was detected in 58.9 % (n = 650), among men – 63.6 % (n = 234), among women – 56.6 % (n = 416). Consumption of less than 5 servings of fruits and/or vegetables on average per day was noted in 55.7 % (n = 597), among men – 67.6 % (n = 244), among women – 49.6 % (n = 353). NFA occurs in 19.9% (n = 218), among men – 19.4 % (n = 71), women – 20.1 % (n = 47). Obesity occurs in 34.9 (n = 349), among men – 22.3 % (n = 73), women – 41% (n = 276). High blood pressure among all respondents was 50.3 %; in men this risk factor was lower than among women (45.4 % and 52.8 %, respectively).

Conclusions. For the first time, the features of the main risk factors for the development of chronic non-diseases were studied in an unorganized sample of the region’s population aged 25–64. Residents of the region have a high incidence of salt IBP, NPOF and elevated blood pressure. The ESSE-RF study made it possible to identify gender and territorial characteristics of our region. Thus, the study demonstrated that both sexes have NPOF and salt IBP, but smoking was more common among men, and high blood pressure among women. This study is the starting point for epidemiological studies in the Altai region and can serve as a guide for further monitoring of the prevalence of risk factors and the effectiveness of preventive programs.
Population regularities of the prevalence of coronary heart disease and psychosocial risk factors in men in a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia
Authors: Akimova E. V. , Kayumova M. M. , Gafarov V. V.
Published: October 2024

Purpose of the study: to determine associations of the prevalence of coronary heart disease and some psychosocial risk factors (negative affective states) among men 25–64 years old in the open population of a mid-urban city in Western Siberia.

Material and methods. A cross-sectional study with a response rate of 85.0 % was conducted on a representative sample of men 25–64 years old in the city of Tyumen (n = 1000). To determine the levels of personal anxiety, depression, hostility, vital exhaustion, and sleep quality, the standard WHO MONICA-MOPSY questionnaire was used.

Results. In the open population of a mid-urban city in Western Siberia, psychosocial risk factors for CVD are significantly common in men aged 25–64 years: personal anxiety (92.4 %), depression (23.6 %), sleep disturbance (50.9 %), hostility (70.0 %), vital exhaustion (54.5 %). Frequency of detection of high gradations of psychosocial risk factors for CVD – personal anxiety (36.6 %), depression (4.6 %), sleep disorders (9.5 %), hostility (46.4 %), vital exhaustion (15.9 %) – increases with age, reaching a maximum in the sixth decade of life. In men 25–64 years old in a mid-urban city in Western Siberia with the presence of IHD, high levels of PSF are more common than in persons without IHD – personal anxiety (OR 4.07), depression (OR 21.07), sleep disorders (OR 5.05) , hostility (OR 2.71), vital exhaustion (OR 6.02); with the presence of «definite» IHD – significantly more often – personal anxiety (OR 9.51), depression (OR 39.84), sleep disturbance (OR 5.28), hostility (OR 4.65), vital exhaustion (OR 14. eleven).

Conclusions. Thus, analysis of the definition of psychosocial risk factors associated with the prevalence of coronary heart disease in men 25–64 years old seems necessary to use when developing a preventive program to reduce high cardiovascular risk in the open population of a mid-urban city in Western Siberia, focused primarily on regulation of psychological parameters.