Abstract 4653: DNA-PKcs dependent phosphorylation of topoI-S10 determines its ubiquitination by BRCA1/BARD1, rate of topoI degradation and CPT response.
Authors: Shah Ankur K. , Sachdev Vibhu , Parker Julian Taylor , Malinkovich Yevnegyia , Tohme Yara Hamade , Hu Yiheng , Parvin Jeffrey D. , Bharti Ajit K. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract: The age-adjusted mortality rate for cancer is about the same in the 21st century as it was 50 years ago. In the past decade, our understanding of oncogenesis at molecular level has increased greatly. This has resulted in the development of several targeted drugs and many more are in the pipeline. However, the lack of predictive biomarkers to stratify the patient population has restricted the benefits of these new developments. Camptothecins (CPTs) target topoisomeraseI (topoI) and represent a highly potent class of anticancer drugs. Two topoI inhibitors, topotecan and irrinotecan (CPT analogues), are in clinical use and several other topoI inhibitors are in different phases of development. SCLC, colon, ovarian, breast and cervical carcinomas are treated with topoI inhibitors. However, only 13% to 32% of patients respond to these drugs. TopoI mutations are rare in the patient population, and CPTs are not substrates for MDR transporters, therefore the rate of proteolytic degradation of topoI is a potential mechanism explaining CPT resistance. A differential rate of topoI degradation by the ubiquitin-proteosomal pathway (UPP) has been linked to CPT response, but the mechanism is not well understood. Using a functional proteomics approach, we have isolated a topoI interacting complex and have determined that: i) Ku70/Ku80/DNA-PKcs associates with topoI, and DNA-PKcs specifically phosphorylates topoI at S10, ii) S10-phosphorylated topoI is ubiquitinated by the BRCA1/BARD1 heterodimer, K-48 ubiquitin linkage indicates polyubiquitination and proteosomal degradation of topoI in response to CPT, iii) topoI S10 phosphorylation level determines the rate of topoI ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and colon cancer cells. Higher levels of topoI pS10 ensures rapid degradation of topoI by the UPP and confers resistance to CPT. These cell based findings have further been tested in retrospective clinical studies. We have raised a monoclonal phosphospecific antibody against topoI-pS10 and shown its specificity in IF and IHC assays. In a retrospective study, we have performed IHC of FFPE tissues from metastatic CRC patients treated with FOLFIRI (combination therapy, 5FU, Leucovorin and Irinotecan). IHC analysis was performed in ten responders and ten non-responders tissues by anti topoI-pS10. Our preliminary data indicates that non-responders have very high level of topoI-pS10; in contrast the responders were negative for IHC staining. A larger retrospective study is underway to develop this predictive biomarker.

Citation Format: Ankur K. Shah, Vibhu Sachdev, Julian Taylor Parker, Yevnegyia Malinkovich, Yara Hamade Tohme, Yiheng Hu, Jeffrey D. Parvin, Ajit K. Bharti. DNA-PKcs dependent phosphorylation of topoI-S10 determines its ubiquitination by BRCA1/BARD1, rate of topoI degradation and CPT response. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4653. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4653

Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.