bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Segmentación semántica bajo paradigma one-shot learning utilizando SAM y CP-CVV
Authors: Duque-Domingo Jaime , Gómez-García-Bermejo Jaime , Zalama Eduardo , Gómez-Ramos Raúl , Finzi Alberto
Published: August 2024

La detección y segmentación de objetos en escenas complejas se suele llevar a cabo mediante el entrenamiento de modelos de detección y/o segmentación que requieren el etiquetado manual de cientos de imágenes por categoría. Tanto el proceso de etiquetado como el del entrenamiento pueden llegar a ser costosos tanto computacionalmente como a nivel de esfuerzo humano. Las técnicas de segmentación genérica mediante zero-shot learning abren la posibilidad a segmentar objetos nunca antes vistos. Sin embargo, estas técnicas no son semánticas y no nos permiten identificar el objeto que se está segmentando. Nosotros proponemos el uso de un método integrado de segmentación genérica y CP-CVV para detectar y segmentar objetos a partir de una única muestra. Esta técnica permite crear un abanico de posibilidades donde se busca un aprendizaje rápido e incremental y sólo tenemos acceso a una o a un reducido número de imágenes del objeto que deseamos localizar.
Aprendizaje por demostración mediante datos sintéticos para tareas parametrizadas
Authors: Prados Carrasco Adrián , Mora Velasco Alicia , Méndez García Alberto , Garrido Bullón Santiago , Barber Castaño Ramón Ignacio
Published: August 2024

El aprendizaje de tareas por demostración es una tarea desafiante. Uno de los principales desafíos es la extrapolación del conocimiento a partir de demostraciones del usuario. Generar un conjunto de situaciones diversas cubriendo todos los casos posibles es una tarea compleja. Por esto, surge la idea de utilizar la parametrización de tareas, que genera información relevante de puntos característicos de una tarea, permitiendo modelar una política con una menor cantidad de demostraciones. En este artículo, presentamos un algoritmo centrado en generar información sintética para la generalización de tareas parametrizadas. El algoritmo permite la generación autónoma de datos, produciendo demostraciones de características similares a las de los usuarios. Para ello, una métrica basada en la distancia de Wasserstein, que tiene en cuenta los datos probabilísticos de las trayectorias aprendidas, ha sido desarrollada. Se han realizado pruebas en simulación, comparando la eficiencia con dos algoritmos de Lfd y en un entorno real, para una tarea de barrido, realizada con el robot ADAM.
Control de un robot social mediante modelos de comportamiento para el cuidado de personas mayores
Authors: Merino Fidalgo Sergio , Sánchez-Girón Coca Celia , Zalama Casanova Eduardo , Gómez García-Bermejo Jaime , Duque Domingo Jaime
Published: August 2024

En los últimos años se ha experimentado un aumento de personas mayores que viven solas en sus casas o en situación de dependencia, que requieren un cuidado especial. En muchas ocasiones, ofrecer este servicio resulta complicado, puesto que un cuidador puede tener a su cargo a varias personas de diferentes localidades. Para solucionar este problema, el proyecto EIAROB trabaja para crear un ecosistema de inteligencia ambiental para el apoyo a los cuidados de larga duración en el hogar mediante uso de robots sociales. En este artículo se presenta una arquitectura encargada del control de un robot social mediante máquinas de estados finitos jerárquicas y árboles de comportamiento, dentro de una vivienda de una persona mayor para que dicho robot interactúe con ella, ejecutando planes mediante un ejecutor de acciones. Se exponen dos ejemplos de planes: dar los buenos días y recordar la medicación, realizados con ambos métodos y finalmente se presentan y comparan sus resultados.
Sistema de orientación de un aerogenerador empleando Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Díaz Barrio Roberto , Santos Peña Matilde , Armenta Déu Carlos
Published: August 2024

A la hora de generar energía eléctrica empleando aerogeneradores para aprovechar la fuerza del viento, hay que tener en cuenta que estos han de orientarse de forma correcta respecto al mismo; ya que de no hacerlo, no serán capaces de aprovechar la energía disponible, e incluso podrán producirse cargas y efectos anómalos que pueden perjudicar el conjunto de la máquina de forma estructural. En este trabajo se pretende obtener empleando un controlador con lógica borrosa (Fuzzy Logic Controller, FLC), un sistema que mantenga la orientación correcta del aparato. Para ello, se presentará un modelo de planta adecuado, para a continuación comentar la lógica que ha de seguir el control debido a las características del modelo. Al final, se validará todo
mediante simulaciones en las que el modelo obtenido tendrá que mantener la orientación ante distintas casuísticas, y por último  e comentarán las conclusiones extraídas de la realización del trabajo.
Energy Management System for a Hybrid Fuel Cell Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Quintana Javier Alejandro , Bordons Alba Carlos , Esteban Roncero Sergio
Published: August 2024

This paper presents the design, implementation, and experimental validation of the energy management system for a hybrid fuel cell and battery powertrain system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVS). The integration of fuel cells and batteries in UAV powertrains combines the high specific energy of fuel cells with the high specific power of batteries, resulting in a more efficient and lightweight energy solution. A novel energy management system (EMS), featuring advanced control algorithms such as fuzzy logic, is proposed to optimize energy distribution and enhance overall performance. The experimental setup includes a test-bench design equipped with a programmable DC/DC converter and a digital twin for real-time monitoring and predictive energy management system. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in energy efficiency, reduced emissions, and enhanced operational reliability. This study underscores the potential of hybrid powertrain systems in advancing the sustainability and efficiency of UAV operations.
Herramienta gráfica de estimación de producción de microalgas en reactores raceway externos alrededor del mundo
Authors: González Hernández Jose , Guzmán Sánchez José Luis , Moreno Úbeda José Carlos , Acién Fernández Francisco Gabriel
Published: August 2024

La herramienta está diseñada para el uso de reactores raceway operados en modo turbidostato, permitiendo la simulación de la producción de biomasa en cualquier localización para diferentes cepas en función del tamaño del reactor, la profundidad del cultivo y la concentración de biomasa en el reactor. La herramienta integra los datos climáticos disponibles en las bases de datos existentes para la localización seleccionada con el fin de determinar la disponibilidad de luz y el impacto de la temperatura en el cultivo, para proporcionar finalmente la tasa de crecimiento y la productividad de biomasa. Se calculan valores horarios para estimar una visión detallada del rendimiento de los cultivos y finalmente se calculan los valores medios diarios y anuales. La herramienta de simulación desarrollada es un instrumento muy útil para los procesos de toma de decisiones sobre la ubicación de instalaciones de producción de microalgas.
Sistema resistivo impreso en 3D multi-material para comandar sistemas robóticos
Authors: Minguella-Canela Joaquim , Ballón Bruno , Frigola Manel , Casals Alícia
Published: August 2024

El uso de técnicas de impresión 3D hace posible la incorporación de sensores en dispositivos personalizados a un coste relativamente bajo. Dichos sistemas pueden tener aplicaciones relevantes para controlar sistemas robóticos de varios grados de libertad. Sin embargo, muchas de las soluciones analizadas en la literatura no abordan geometrías en las que el circuito sensor tenga verdaderamente un recorrido de 3 dimensiones en el espacio. En este contexto, el presente trabajo se centra en el estudio y análisis de prestaciones de una propuesta de sensor de 2 grados de libertad fabricada mediante impresión 3D multi-material de deposición de hilo fundido (FDM). Dicho sistema, que basa su principio de funcionamiento en la medida de resistencias en componentes verdaderamente tridimensionales, y que puede tomar distintos valores según la configuración física de sus coordenadas generalizadas, es analizado en cuanto a precisión, repetibilidad y funcionamiento en uso continuado. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que es viable implementar dichos sistemas para comandar sistemas robóticos.
Diseño y modelado con procesos Gaussianos de un sensor blando
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez Víctor , Ballester Bernabeu Carmen , Copaci Dorin , Moreno Lorente Luis , Blanco Rojas Dolores
Published: August 2024

En este estudio, se presenta el diseño y modelado de un sensor blando piezoresistivo utilizando hilos de poliamida recubiertos de plata. Estos sensores destacan por su flexibilidad, bajo coste y fácil integración en textiles, lo que los hace ideales para aplicaciones en tecnología vestible. Se evalúan diferentes recubrimientos, identificando la silicona como la mejor opción para mejorar la sensibilidad y la relación señal/ruido. El montaje experimental incluye un banco de pruebas especializado para medir la respuesta del sensor bajo diversas condiciones de deformación. Se han aplicado Procesos Gaussianos (GP) para modelar la histéresis tensión-deformación, mostrando un rendimiento excepcional en la predicción y manejo de la incertidumbre. Las pruebas de validación cruzada confirman la eficacia de los GP en la caracterización del sensor, proporcionando una herramienta poderosa para aplicaciones de monitoreo de movimientos humanos y asistencia tecnológica. Este trabajo contribuye al avance de los sensores blandos, ofreciendo soluciones prácticas y precisas para su implementación en textiles inteligentes.
Localización de emisiones de metano combinando un sensor TDLAS y un robot móvil
Authors: Ojeda Pepe , Monroy Javier , González-Jiménez Javier
Published: August 2024

Este trabajo aborda el problema de la localización eficiente de emisiones de metano en espacios abiertos mediante el uso de robótica móvil. En contraposición a los métodos convencionales que emplean detectores puntuales, o que empleando medidores de rango dependen del suelo como reflector natural (los cuales conllevan largos tiempos e ineficientes trayectorias de inspección), se propone un enfoque robótico que aumenta la eficiencia de la toma de datos. Para ello se monta un detector de rango sobre una unidad pan-tilt que apunta continuamente a un robot móvil que actúa como reflector artificial, permitiendo tomar medidas sobre el plano horizontal. Este enfoque permite abarcar grandes superficies en cortos espacios de tiempo sin perder resolución espacial.  Los resultados obtenidos en un área experimental de 140 m2 validan la efectividad de este enfoque para la rápida detección y localización de fuentes de emisión de gas metano.
Temperature control for a PEM electrolyser powered by a renewable source
Authors: Sobral Barros de Queiroz Juliana , Claure Torrico Bismark , González Nogueira Fabrício , Bordons Alba Carlos , Ridao Carlini Miguel Angel
Published: August 2024

This article addresses developing and applying a model-based controller for a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) electrolyser. The primary objective is to optimise temperature control, aiming for greater efficiency in hydrogen production and extended system lifespan. These two benefits are compromised when the electrolyser is subject to high temperatures exceeding its nominal temperature. Such conditions can occur when the system is powered by renewable sources, which can operate at high current densities due to their variability and intermittency. The proposed controller employs an MPC (Model Predictive Control) combined with a disturbance model to promote decoupling in handling disturbances and introduce an additional degree of freedom to the control strategy. Simulation results demonstrate the robust performance of the controller in managing system nonlinearities, ensuring desired reference tracking for the process.
Control de conjuntos diferenciales brushless integrados en plataforma omnidireccional
Authors: Nájera Canal Silvano , Ezquerro Ezquerro Miguel Angel , Falces de Andrés Alberto , Rico-Azagra Javier , Ferreiro Cabello Javier , Fraile García Esteban
Published: August 2024

Actualmente, se hacen necesarios sistemas de transporte autónomos conocidos como Vehículos Autónomos Guiados (AGV) para muchas aplicaciones. En muchos casos nos encontramos con que las plataformas móviles ya existen, pero se utilizan de forma manual. Un paso previo a la plataforma autónoma es la electrificación. En este artículo se propone un sistema formado por un conjunto de ruedas, motores y controladores, que pueden incorporarse de forma sencilla y económica a plataformas de tracción manual ya existentes, convirtiéndolas en plataformas de tracción eléctrica. Un enfoque tanto desde el diseño del conjunto como desde el control del mismo, demuestra su viabilidad y funcionamiento. Se muestra un ejemplo de adecuación a una plataforma de cuatro ruedas, sustituyendo exclusivamente dos de ellas por conjuntos electrificados, permitiendo libertad total de movimientos y rotación sobre sí misma. El sistema presentado hace uso de motores brushless con sensores tipo hall, controladores para motores brushless, encoders y una arquitectura tipo maestro-esclavo para la comunicación entre los conjuntos motrices.
Demostrador para el análisis de tráfico de red en subestaciones de tracción basadas en IEC61850
Authors: Baltuille Puente Pablo , Morán Antonio , Alonso Serafin , Prada Miguel Ángel , Fuertes Juan José , Domínguez Manuel
Published: August 2024

En este artículo se presenta un procedimiento para analizar tráfico de red en subestaciones de tracción ferroviaria basadas en el estándar IEC 61850. Se propone el uso de un conjunto de sondas que detectan los eventos generados por los diferentes dispositivos de la red (relés de protección, unidad de control de subestación, sistema SCADA, etc.), junto con la metodología a seguir para la generación y el análisis de los paquetes de red. Además, se realiza un experimento sobre un armario de control que replica la estructura de automatización de una subestación de tracción. En este sistema se genera tráfico de red de los protocolos IEC 60870-5-104, IEC 61850 GOOSE y MMS a través de la ejecución de una maniobra en condiciones normales. Este tráfico se monitoriza a través de las sondas y se hace un estudio de los eventos mediante la utilización de una herramienta de análisis de paquetes.
Dispositivo configurable para modelar y analizar comportamientos de consumo de agua
Authors: Álvarez Crespo Marta María , García-Fischer Agustín , Rubiños Manuel , Díaz-Longueira Antonio , Quintián Héctor , Calvo-Rolle José Luis
Published: August 2024

En el presente artículo se exponen las directrices fundamentales necesarias para desarrollar un modelo didáctico, modular y escalable que permita personalizar y recopilar datos relacionados con el consumo de agua. Este modelo servirá como herramienta para alcanzar el objetivo de proporcionar información valiosa sobre los patrones de consumo de agua y facilitar la toma de decisiones informadas en torno a la gestión de este recurso vital. El concepto parte de generar un conjunto de módulos individuales capaces de operar de forma autónoma, que se interconectan unos con otros, permitiendo ampliar el sistema, generar nuevas configuraciones y abordar nuevos retos. También admite la realización de diferentes experimentos y estudios enfocados en la optimización de los procesos sometidos a análisis. Sus resultados contribuirán a una gestión más eficiente y sostenible del consumo de agua.
Selección de keyframes para vSLAM mediante solape de barridos láser
Authors: Mengual Victor , Moreno Francisco-Angel , González-Jiménez Javier
Published: August 2024

El SLAM visual se basa comúnmente en la optimización de un grafo de keyframes, imágenes clave en una secuencia de vídeo, para la construcción de mapas 3D y la localización de la cámara. La creación de este grafo requiere de un proceso front-end eficiente que seleccione keyframes con suficiente solape entre observaciones pero con bajo coste computacional. Este trabajo propone utilizar información de barridos láser 2D, comunes en robots móviles, para determinar el solape entre observaciones de una cámara, incorporando información sobre la estructura de la escena y seleccionando nodos distanciados entre sí cuando el solape cae bajo cierto umbral. Esto evita el costoso proceso de extracción y emparejamiento de características en las imágenes para determinar la covisibilidad entre observaciones. Las pruebas realizadas demuestran que podemos mantener el nivel de solape alrededor de un determinado umbral durante la navegación, insertando keyframes a diferentes frecuencias según la estructura de la escena con un coste computacional significativamente menor que con el uso exclusivo de imágenes.
Actualización de la arquitectura de la electrónica del robot humanoide TEO
Authors: Maldonado-Muñoz Pilar Isabel , Rodríguez-Sanz Alberto , Martínez Santiago , Balaguer Carlos
Published: August 2024

En el presente artículo se expone una propuesta de mejora de la electrónica general del robot humanoide TEO. Se introduce una nueva arquitectura para la unidad de alimentación basada en módulos y una reestructuración de los componentes ubicados en el torso. También se propone un prototipo de articulación embebida impresa en 3D con componentes mejorados. Con estos cambios, se busca solventar los problemas electrónicos y mecánicos producto del desgaste ocasionado por el uso del robot, así como facilitar el mantenimiento y sustitución de las diversas placas distribuidas por toda la estructura del robot.
Implementación de un entorno virtual para teleoperación de robot colaborativo ABB GOFA usando movimiento guiado externamente (EGM)
Authors: Oña Simbaña Edwin Daniel , Fraile Largo Sofía , Balaguer Carlos , Jardón Alberto
Published: August 2024

El uso de entornos virtuales en el ámbito de la robótica es cada vez más común haciendo posibles nuevas formas de interacción humano-robot. En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo de un sistema de teleoperación remota e inmersiva de un robot colaborativo ABB Gofa. El entorno virtual presenta dos escenas, una enfocada a la familiarización del usuario con los mandos y el entorno; y la segunda dedicada a la teleoperación del brazo robótico. Para el control remoto del robot, se ha utilizado una comunicación tipo cliente-servidor basada en el sistema de movimiento guiado externamente o externally guided motion (EGM). Se han programado diferentes funcionalidades como captura y reproducción de trayectorias, control de un actuador en el extremo, control del punto de vista del operario, sincronización de la posición de los objetos físicos con los virtuales, e integración de estrategias de seguridad para evitar colisiones.
Ontologie naturaliste et travail abstrait : Relire Marx après Descola et inversement
Authors: Sibille Benoît
Published: August 2024

Descola’s work has profoundly renewed ecological thought by suggesting that the global planetary crisis is linked to the ‘naturalist ontology’, by which modern Westerners distance themselves from non-humans. This article proposes to re-read Descola with Marx in order to critically assess question the genesis of this ontology. Rather than looking to the history of ideas in search of what prepared this naturalism, a close reading of Marx allows to hypothesise a practical origin of naturalism, in the worldly occupations that make up ‘abstract labour’. By shedding light on the practical ontogeny of naturalism, we emphasize that the Marxian analysis of capitalism remains highly needed for thinking about and living through the ecological crisis.
L’eredità del marxismo nella “società opulenta” tra Del Noce e Rodano
Authors: Stancampiano Simone
Published: August 2024

This essay aims to investigate, from Augusto Del Noce’s perspective, the two possible outcomes of Marxism following the advent of the affluent society in the 1960s. One is its fulfilment into the new bourgeois spirit, depriving itself of the dialectical-salvific aspect and preserving materialism to the utmost. The other is its opening up to the religious option, on pain of its defeat. It is precisely this last issue, for a possible dialogue between Marxists and Catholics, that measures the distance of Del Noce’s thought with that of his friend Franco Rodano, from whom he had nevertheless drawn the notion of “affluent society”.
Molecular Characterization of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficient variants in Kano North-West Nigeria
Authors: I Jelani , HL Abdullahi , AJ Alhassan , MM Dalhatu , MA Dangambo , FZ Abacha , S Haruna , RI Mahmud , MI Yandutse , HD Hamza , R Abdu , A. H Musa
Published: August 2024

Studies from sub-Saharan Africa where malaria is endemic have observed high incidences of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase A- (G-6-PD A-) deficiency that sporadically leads to manifest haemolytic anaemia. The severity of this disease depends on the genetic variant involved, thus, pinpointing the type of G-6-PD variants will help in the management of G-6-PD deficiency. This is not exactly known among Hausa and Fulani ethnics in Northern Nigeria, hence the need for the study. Two ml of venous blood samples were collected from twenty (20) G-6-PD deficient individuals and dispensed into EDTA bottle to study the coding region of G-6-PD gene by using PCR-Sequencing techniques. Sequencing of the G-6-PD-deficient samples revealed two major polymorphic variants; A376G substitution (exon-5: Asn126Asp) and A376G/G202A substitution (exon-4: Val68Met) commonly observed among Hausa and Fulani ethnics. This is the first study of G-6-PD mutations in Kano, North-west Nigeria. The G-6-PD deficiency in Hausa and Fulani ethnics were associated with African variants (202A/376G G6PD A- allele) in exon 4 and no mutation was found within exon 6-7.
COVID 19 epidemic in India: impact on health, food security and nutritional status
Authors: Ramachandran Prema
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic was a major challenge that tested the coping capabilities and resilience of nations and people. Two years after the last wave of the epidemic in India, might be the appropriate time to assess the:  challenges the COVID-19 epidemic posed to the health, food security and nutritional status of the population,  appropriateness, timeliness and adequacy of the interventions to minimise the adverse consequences, and  impact of these interventions on the health and nutritional status of the population. India had three waves of the COVID-19 epidemic. The lockdown delayed and flattened the first wave; both cases and deaths were low. The devastating second wave, infected millions of persons; the health system was overwhelmed and case fatality rates were high. The third wave infected millions but death rates were low. The age-standardized COVID 19 mortality and longevity reduction due to COVID-19 were low. The stringent lockdown in 2020 resulted in economic contraction. Subsequently, economic growth recovered. During 2020 there was a steep rise in urban unemployment but the situation improved when lockdown was lifted. The demand for rural employment was high in 2020 and continues to be higher than the pre-COVID-19 levels even now. To combat food insecurity due to job loss and reduction in earnings, the provisions under the National Food Security Act were utilized to provide highly subsidized and free food grains to over 800 million Indians; this enabled the population to remain food secure and hunger-free. The provision of food grain at low cost is being continued even now to prevent the adverse impact of stagnant real income and high food inflation on food security. Data from the national surveys and our research study in urban low-middle-income families indicate that the COVID-19 epidemic did not result in increase in the prevalence of under- nutrition or over-nutrition in children or adults. These data suggest that the world’s most populous country and its citizens had managed the health and food security challenges of the COVID-19 epidemic relatively well.
Effectiveness of Magnesium Supplementation on Sleep Quality and Mood for Adults with Poor Sleep Quality: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Crossover Pilot Trial
Authors: Breus Michael , Hooper Stephanie , Lynch Tarah , Hausenblas Heather
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Conduct a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover pilot trial on adults with nonclinical insomnia symptoms to examine the effectiveness of magnesium supplementation on sleep quality and mood. Methods: Participants (N = 31 adults, M age = 46.01) were randomized to either the Magnesium Condition (1 g/d of Upgraded MagnesiumTM) or Placebo Condition for 2 weeks. Following a two-week washout, participants engaged in the alternative condition. Standardized self-reports (i.e., Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Restorative Sleep Questionnaire, Pain and Sleep Questionnaire, Flinders Fatigue Scale, Trait Anxiety Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, and Profile of Mood States) were completed at Baseline and Post Conditions along with daily objective measures of sleep and activity (i.e., Oura Ring) and adverse events. ISRCTN registry number is 70584524. Results: The Magnesium Condition had significant improvements compared to the Placebo Condition for sleep quality, mood, and activity outcomes (e.g., sleep duration, deep sleep, sleep efficiency, readiness, activity balance, and heart rate variability readiness), p’s < .05. Nonsignificant improvements for the Magnesium Condition compared to the Placebo Condition were evidenced for the Restorative Sleep Questionnaire, Anxiety Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, and Flinder’s Fatigue Scale, p’s > .05. No adverse events were reported and adherence was 100%. Conclusion: Magnesium supplementation may be an effective nonpharmacological intervention to promote sleep and mood. Longer term clinical trials conducted in a variety of populations and settings are encouraged.
Complete Edentulism & Positive Aging
Authors: E Fernández , S Parraguez , A Sarabia , J P Guzmán , P Padilla
Published: August 2024

Objective: The purpose of this article is to challenge two concepts widely disseminated and accepted in the Chilean dental field: first, that all people who wear complete prosthetic devices, particularly complete maxillary dentures (CMDs) are older people; and second, that among those patients who wear CMDs it is recommended to remove them at night, as a protective mechanism for their oral and/or systemic health. Methods: A review of the existing Chilean and international evidence on the nocturnal removal of CMDs to assess whether it can be considered a recommendation of universal scope was conducted. Results: Although there is evidence supporting nocturnal removal of CMDs, the quality of such evidence is low or very low according to the GRADE criteria, generating well-founded doubts about the validity of the overall nature of such recommendation. Conclusions: The authors propose that education of denture wearers should focus on the hygiene of the oral mucosa and the prosthetic device, respecting the autonomy of the person in the final decision of removing or not their CMDs during the night and that this recommendation should not be made indiscriminately for all those who wear them, thus considering the biopsychosocial context of each patient.
Efficacy of 3D GSPECT Reconstruction Filters on LVEF Evaluation in the Presence of Low to Intermediate Perfusion Defects – Correlation with ECHO
Authors: Masoomi Michael , Shammeri Iman , Kandari Latifa , Elrahman Hany , Shammeri Jehan , Ragab Osama , Arafat Sherif
Published: August 2024

Background: LVEF is a reli­able diagnostic and prognostic value in coronary artery disease. Several modalities in­cluding ECHO, GSPECT, cMRI and RNV can assess the LVEF. Filtering contributes to the variation of LVEF with influence on spatial resolution and statistical noise in the reconstructed images. The authors investigated the impact of Wiener and Butterworth filters variation for accuracy of LVEFs in CAD pts. Methods: Scans of 21 patients; 14 males and 7 females, 25-76 years old, with suspected CAD who underwent the 99mTc Myoview GSPECT using QPS and QGS were reconstructed with Winer filter based on the outcome of an earlier SPECT-CT optimisation of two chest phantoms. The patient results compared to the previous reports using a standard Butterworth filter and the ECHO for comparison. Results: 47%, 29% and 24% of pts reported normal, equivocal (EV) and having CAD based on LVEF respectively and prior to modified filtering. A good correlation between ECHO and the calculated LVEF with Winer and Butterworth (r2= 0.876 & r2=0.847) and for small heart (r2= 0.951 & r2=0.933) was observed. To achieve less variation in LVEF measurement, we established a mean cutoff value for Butterworth (0.26 +/-0.09) and a mean point value for Winer (4.9 +/-1.19) in correlation to ECHO. Patients with LVEF of <40 showed greater variation in points- setting for Winer, but less fluctuation in cutoff for Butterworth. No remarkable difference noticed for LVEF between two filter techniques for normal cases after adjusting parameters. Conclusions: There was a good agreement between LVEF derived from GSPECT and ECHO after adjusting parameters with 10% higher accuracy in equivocal cases at this stage. Mean percentage LVEF error for Wiener and Butterworth against ECHO LVEF were 2% and 6% respectively post correction, together with more elevated qualitative acceptable images. The accuracy of intermediate CAD reporting for both rest and stress studies were elevated, though more patients’ images are needed to be assessed for equivocal and smaller size hearts to reach a more statically viable result.
Evaluation of antineoplastic drugs in cervical cancer spheroids
Authors: Quintana Luz
Published: August 2024

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among Mexican female population. Current chemotherapeutic regimens used in clinical settings are associated with substantial toxicity and low efficacy. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new therapies and use drugs in cytotoxic and cytostatic combinations. An ideal in vitro model for the study of drugs is tumor spheroid culture. The model retains the important features and functionalities of the tumor in vivo, allowing for more efficient identification of drugs that influence cancer cells. This study aimed to evaluate four antineoplastic drugs (cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin) used in the treatment of solid tumors in spheroids formed from cells of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis during the interaction with antineoplastic agents were evaluated, and dose-response curves were constructed for each drug using checkerboard tests, thus evaluating the synergism between pairs of drugs. We obtained an efficacy of 71% for spheroid formation, and the best treatment was with doxorubicin, a drug that significantly reduced cell viability (p=0.001). However, the construction of dose-response curves showed variations in drug sensitivity for each patient. We can conclude that each spheroid responded differently to the treatments administered, suggesting that personalized treatment could improve the response to chemotherapy in cervical cancer patients.
Real World Utility of Next-Generation Sequencing in Neuro-oncology Patients
Authors: Richter Kent
Published: August 2024

Purpose. There has been a proliferation of commercially available tumor molecular profiling services. However, there is a paucity of evidence as to whether these data result in treatment alterations or enrollment into clinical trials for neuro-oncology patients. This study analyses if increasing use of tumor profiling services has resulted in increased personal neuro-oncologic care with personalized targeted therapies. Methods. We performed a retrospective chart review for all neuro-oncology patients at Geisinger Medical Center from 2016 to 2021 who underwent tumor profiling using commercial send-out testing. We analyzed factors including tumor pathology, actionable genes, treatment pre-tumor profiling, post- profiling, and survival after testing. The clinical action rate was based off these findings. Results. From 2016 to 2021, 83 patients had tumor genetic and molecular profiling. Pathologies included glioblastoma (44.5%), metastases (10.8%), meningioma (9.63%), and others. There was increased testing from 2016 (n=1) to 2021 (n=28). In total, three patients (3.61%) had therapy offered based off NGS testing; these were adjudicated during analysis and did not result from the testing’s recommendations but were extrapolations from specific mutations. None of the patients were enrolled in clinical trials based off their test results. The overall mean charges of testing in the five patients for whom our health plan had data were $44,581.88 (range $42,218.97-$47,126.89). Conclusion. Despite increased utilization of tumor profiling technologies in our patient cohort, we observed limited value in altering therapy. Selective testing for actionable alterations based on evidence and improved patient selection will be key to improve value of testing and make it more cost effective.
A study of the brain and its anatomical structure: A historical perspective - Part I
Authors: Rama Raju Venkateshwara
Published: August 2024

This study encompasses the progression and amalgamation and establishment of the learning of functional neuro anatomy via the exploration of its beginning of antiquity. Therefore, study discusses the leading major theories plus ideas that appeared during the anatomy-of-brain annals and chronicles plus absorb, comprehend, figure out, how the socio-antique background can manifest and signal over the nature of logical yet precise knowledge. Thus, amongst the various neuroscientists, academics, brain-anatomists, clinicians, clinical-doctors, clinical psychologists, and theorists, logicians, philosophers (and philanthropists) who were segment of this antiquity-record and were very influential and sturdy impact on the brain laws.
CONSIDERACIONES GEOCRONOLÓGICAS E ISOTÓPICAS DEL BATOLITO ANTIOQUEÑO
Authors: Ordoñez Cardona Oswaldo , Pimentel Marcio M.
Published: August 2024

El Batolito Antioqueño cubre una área aproximada de 8000 km2, y constituye la mayor intrusión calco-alcalina en la parte norte de la Cordillera Central de los Andes Colombianos. Básicamente, consiste de granodioritas y tonalitas. Localmente, se reconocen gabros y facies diorfticas. La facies más común es de grano medio a grueso, con cuarzo, feldespato potásico, plagioclasa, homblenda, biotita y minerales accesorios.
Los valores de E Nd (T) obtenidos están entre -2.40 y +2.66, y las edades modelo T DM se encuen­tran en el intervalo 4603 Ma a 1035 Ma. En roca total se obtuvo una edad isocrónica Rb-Sr de 98 :!: 27 Ma, interpretada como la mejor estimada para la edad de cristalización del magma original.
LOS ASERTOS O CONCLUSIONES PÚBLICAS EN EL COLEGIO DEL ROSARIO DURANTE LA ÉPOCA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL, 1826-1842
Authors: Guillén de Iriarte María Clara
Published: August 2024

La Universidad Central de Cundinamarca, fundada en 1826 por el vicepresidente Francisco de Paula Santander, con base en el plan de estudios elaborado por don Francisco Antonio Moreno y Escandón a finales del siglo XVIII, fue el primer intento por crear y consolidar la universidad pública en Colombia. Sin embargo, esto no se hizo realidad, dado que las clases universitarias se siguieron dictando en los colegios y la universidad pública se redujo a una oficina encargada de otorgar títulos, tal como había sido en la época colonial la Universidad de Santo Tomás. Se dan a conocer aspectos desconocidos sobre lo que fue el sistema universitario en torno de los grados y de los asertos de conclusiones públicas.
APORTACIÓN DE LA QUÍMICA VERDE A LA GRAN FARMACIA DE LA NATURALEZA
Authors: Bermejo Barrera Jaime
Published: August 2024

Se hace un comentario de una serie de productos de origen vegetal, obtenidos directamente de plantas así como de sus transformados. Todo esto constituye la denominada Química Verde. Tam­bién se describen los metabolitos aislados de algunas Compuestas, Hongos y Helechos que se han comportado biológicamente activos.
FOUR OSTEOLOGICAL SYNAPOMORPHIES WITHIN ELEUTHERO DACTYLUS (AMPHIBIA: LEPTODACTYLIDAE) AND THEIR BEARING ON SUBGENERIC CIASSIFICATIONS.
Authors: Lynch John D.
Published: August 2024

Based upon study of the skulls of 307 species of Eleutherodactylus representing ali identified subunits, four characters are examined relative to the current classification. Toree of these were identified previously but the fourth is a new one. Craugastor and the Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus, myersi, and sulcatus series are plesiomorphic for each character. Epiotic flanges are restricted to 14 Antillean species and the distribution suggests that neither Euhyas nor Pelorius is monophyletic. Fusion of the frontoparietal and prootic is reported for 60 species and the distribution suggests that neither Eleutherodactylus nor Euhyas is monophyletic. Although there are sorne problems with homology, the fusion appears restricted to the Eleutherodactylus abbotti series, the Eleutherodactylus martinicensis group, Euhyas, and Syrrlwphus. However, sorne Euhyas exhibit the plesiomorphic condition. The wide separation of the vomers is a character largely congruent with frontoparietal-prootic fusion but is restricted to the abbotti-martinicensis, Euhyas and Syrhhophus unit. Restudy of this character suggests that vomerine tooth series length is in need of careful study to separate nonhomologous states and that Euhyas may be monophyletic. A new character, median notch ofthe vomer, is shared only by the Eleutherodactylus binotatus series and most Euhyas but the two clades acquire the notch in two different ways.
SINOPSIS DE LA SECCION CABRERA DEL GENERO NEOTROPICALAXONOPUS (POACEAE, PANICOIDEAE, PANICEAE)
Authors: Giraldo-Cañas Diego
Published: August 2024

Se presenta un estudio taxonómico de las especies de la sección Cabrera del género Axonopus (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae). Se analizan diversos aspectos relativos a la clasificación, nomenclatura y afinidades genéricas y se presenta un resumen de la historia nomenclatura del género. Se presentan las claves para reconocer las 4 secciones del género y las especies de la sección Cabrera, así como también las descripciones de las especies, su sinonimia, su distribución geográfica y se comentan algunas observaciones morfológicas y ecológicas. Asimismo, se presentan microfotografías al microscopio electrónico de barrido (MEB) de los antecios superiores. La sección Cabrera se caracteriza por presentar el raquis densamente piloso, siendo los pelos tiesos, de base tuberculada (papilosos), dorados, a menudo fasciculados debajo de las espículas; sus espículas son glabras o con pelos simples esparcidos y su antecio superior es glabro, castaño y lustroso. Sus especies se distribuyen por todo el Neotrópico, siendo más abundantes en las sabanas de tierras bajas de Colombia, Brasil y Venezuela. Como resultado de este estudio, se redujo el número de especies de la sección a 2 de las I O aceptadas anteriormente. Se registra por primera vez el fenómeno de proliferación vegetativa (falsa viviparía) en una especie de origen tropical (Axonopus aureus).
LA TECNOLOGÍA MECÁNICA Y SU INGRESO A COLOMBIA
Authors: Poveda Ramos Gabriel
Published: August 2024

Se presenta una relación cronológica del desarrollo tecnológico y se comenta el ingreso al país de novedades tecnológicas como el ferrocarril, la navegación a vapor, diversas máquinas fabriles y algunos avances técnico-mecánicos. Se discuten las implicaciones sociales de tales innovaciones.
Employees with disabilities from the perspective of global and European standards
Authors: Siejak Paweł
Published: August 2024

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest wpływowi Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych, w tym Międzynarodowej Organizacji Pracy i Rady Europy na tworzenie standardów w obszarze ochrony praw pracowników z niepełnosprawnością. Omówiono najważniejsze konwencje i systemy instytucjonalne, jakie są zaangażowane w tym obszarze. Zwrócono uwagę na procedurę monitorowania wypełniania zobowiązań przez państwa członkowskie.
The Sports Act vis-a-vis integration of athletes with disabilities
Authors: Zwierzchowski Jakub , Sobiecka Joanna
Published: August 2024

In the past, sports activity mainly served as a means of rehabilitation for persons with disabilities (PWDs), leading to sports’ organizational structures to be limited primarily to athletes with disabilities (AWDs). Today, given the professionalization of adaptive sports, sports activity may also be a source of income. This, however, brings implications for forming adequate organizational structures that ensure achievement of best sports results and integration. Integration of PWDs is a process aimed at including them in the community life of persons with disabilities and opening the circles of able-bodied persons to PWDs. Given the above, in 2010 the Sports Act started to move away from the discriminating division between sports for “the able-bodied” and for “persons with disabilities”. At the moment, AWDs are subject to the same regulations as other athletes and efforts are made to involve them in competitive sports on the same terms and within the same organizational structures.
The aim of this study is to see if the adopted model of organizational structures in professional (Olympic and Paralympic) has significance for the sense of integration from the perspective of AWDs. To answer this question, provisions of the Sports Act that regulate the creation of Polish sports associations (PSAs) are analysed. Results of the analysis are juxtaposed with empirical research used for expert opinions for the Ministry of Sports and Tourism, which covered 613 Paralympic athletes. Sociological, including statistical, methods are used for the analysis of empirical research. The study employs the method of investigation of the law in force to analyse provisions of the Sports Act, relying on rulings of administrative courts and legislative materials. In the light of opinions of AWDs affiliated in PSAs dedicated to training both able-bodied athletes and AWDs, different opinions are observed on the sense of integration in sports when compared with opinions of AWDs affiliated in associations dedicated solely to training AWDs. Even though the Sports Act does not have a direct and literal proof for PSA’s integrational character, interpretation of provisions by administrative authorities and their application by courts suggests otherwise. Therefore, it can be concluded that legislative changes regarding the model of PSAs, which organizes competition for both able-bodied and AWDs brings positive results in terms of integration.
Model of linguistic knowledge graphs of Turkic languages
Authors: Gatiatullin A.R. ,   Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Institute of Applied Semiotics, Prokopyev N.A. , Suleymanov D.S. ,   Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Institute of Applied Semiotics,   Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Institute of Applied Semiotics
Published: August 2024

The article describes the TurkLang model of the linguistic knowledge graph for Turkic languages, which underpins software products for processing these languages. The model’s core elements are morphemes, the smallest meaningful units of language. It captures the properties of morphemes across morphonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic levels. This model is particularly well-suited to the structural and functional characteristics of Turkic languages, which are agglutinative, offering a comprehensive and pragmatically oriented description of their capabilities and textual manifestations. The model's properties are applied in semantic text processing software, including the "Turkic Morpheme" linguistic portal and the updated Tatar language electronic corpus "Tugan Tel." The unified TurkLang model ensures full compatibility across software products for Turkic languages and standardizes the concepts and terms used in linguistic research. This is important for Turkic languages, as many existing models are based on languages with different structures (like English or Russian) and fail to fully address the communicative, cognitive, and lexical-grammatical features of Turkic languages.
In response to the specific. The Space Between in Alison and Peter Smithson
Authors: Fernández-Villalobos Nieves
Published: August 2024

Some terms, such as neighbourhood, doorstep philosophy, or space between, take on particular significance in the work of Alison and Peter Smithson. The latter, especially, is a recurring term in their writings and works. Exploring the origins of their interest in this concept, the influence of Nigel Henderson and his impact on the Team X, as well as their reflections on the quality of the space between, based on the paintings of Pieter de Hoch, is the main aim of this writing. It is therefore proposed to explore some of the approaches that invite us to unravel the concept: through the void, the sky, the layers and lattices, the trees, we can observe how the space between enriches Smithsons’ architecture in order to serve each person and each place precisely and, in this way, offer answers to the specific; an approach that is, ultimately, at the origin of all their reflections.
Bioclimatic analysis of three buildings by Gilberto Gatto Sobral. Study case Universidad Central del Ecuador
Authors: Freire Castro Ursula
Published: August 2024

The bioclimatic quality of three buildings by architect Gilberto Gatto Sobral at Universidad Central del Ecuador was evaluated with two objectives: to find problems that might affect users’ health and productivity, and to establish if climate had a significant role in the design of these buildings The buildings included two faculties: Law and Economics, and the General Administration. Bioclimatic quality was established by comparing existing levels of temperature, relative humidity, and natural light against comfort standards and the local climate. Data were measured over two years in space samples using data loggers. It was concluded that all buildings have spaces outside of comfort being too cold and dark; and climate played a minor role because despite attempts to control natural light, the thermal behavior of materials and the sun’s apparent movement were ignored.
Museum reinvention in the face of the pandemic challenge: digitization strategies, heritage, and audiences
Authors: López López Yolanda , Cisneros Álvarez Pablo , Ávila Rodríguez María , Delage González Inmaculada
Published: August 2024

The pandemic period served as a catalyst in the museums’ adaptation, leading them to embrace innovation, collaboration, and resilience. As they emerged from the covid-19 crisis, these institutions found themselves in a unique position to play a vital role in society’s rebuilding and in preserving cultural heritage in an ever-changing world. The article aims to explore the main measures adopted, review the scientific literature on the subject, highlight some relevant cases in European, Asian, and American museums, and identify the challenges and dynamics driven in the post-pandemic period. The text stems from a thorough literature review to determine how the museum field should reconfigure its presence, considering three factors: technology, heritage, and audience. A landscape in which the presence of social networks, the rise of online exhibitions, and other digital resources are considered fundamental.