bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Providing of a highly specialized medical care for servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine by roentgen-endovascular interventional methods
Authors: Humeniuk K. V. , Hangal I. I. , Karpenko K. K.
Published: September 2021

Aim: to provide high-quality and full-fledged minimally invasive highly specialized medical care by X-ray endovascular methods, according to modern world standards, for the Armed Forces of Ukraine on all territories of the country and direct participants of combat operations in the context of Joint Forces Operation (JFO) in certain parts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions.
Materials and methods. The provision of minimally invasive highly specialized medical care by X-ray endovascular techniques for servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the conditions of JFO in certain parts of Luhansk and Donetsk regions and the National Military Medical Clinical Center of Kyiv (NMMCC) in critical internal bleedings, pathology and injuries of the main vessels, acute cardiovascular pathology over a period of 2018–2020 was analyzed: 1038 diagnostic coronary interventions to servicemen with acute coronary syndrome, 346 stenting of coronary arteries in an emergency, 36 – angioplasty of coronary arteries. A total of 296 interventions for pathology of the peripheral vascular system including combat trauma were performed. Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed for 100 patients with internal bleeding. An emergency care mechanism was implemented for patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Joint Forces Operation in certain parts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions.
Results. The implementation of these methods of highly specialized care in the Armed Forces of Ukraine allowed to realize the standards of emergency care for acute coronary syndrome, the average time of “door – balloon” was 100 minutes (CI 95 %, 98–103 minutes, P < 0.05). In the conditions of JFO, care for patients with acute coronary syndrome, the interval “door – balloon” takes time from 2 to 12 hours (CI 95 %, 5.5–6.5 hours, P < 0.05), fatalities were absent. At transcatheter arterial embolization, technical success of arterial occlusion was 100 %. In the treatment of main vessels, the length of hospital stay after endovascular interventions was 1–18 days (CI 95 %, 1.96–2.51 days, P < 0.05). The main complications were postpuncture hematoma – 4.73 %, acute occlusion after intervention within 24 hours – 2.36 %, pseudoaneurysm – 0.68 %. Effective recanalization of the main blood flow was achieved in 262 cases (88.51 %).
Conclusions. The implementation of X-ray endovascular techniques into the medical service of the Armed Forces of Ukraine allowed for providing high-quality highly specialized medical care directly to participants of Joint Forces Operation in certain parts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions in the shortest possible time.
Modern aspects of allohernioplasty of postoperative ventral hernias (a literature review)
Authors: Vorovskyi O. O.
Published: September 2021

The aim. Based on the data of the publications of herniologists for the last 5 years to examine the effectiveness and safety of prosthetic materials used in hernioplasty of postoperative ventral hernias.
According to surgeons, the incidence of postoperative ventral hernia is up to 20 % of performed laparotomies, and if risk factors are present – up to 70 %. This problem was considered solved by the use of prosthetic mesh that became the standard of surgical approach in hernia repair since a recurrence rate was reduced to 20 %. However, the results of histological examination and body biological responses to an implant showed chronic inflammatory processes due to use of prosthetic material, especially polypropylene, causing purulent-inflammatory complications and intraperitoneal adhesion in 20.0–45.8 %. To prevent adhesion, a special barrier layer was applied on the polypropylene mesh, a process of mesothelial epithelialization (formation of the neoperitoneum) was supposed to occur, thereby reducing the risk of adhesions. A temporary nature of the barrier coating, where adhesion may develop at any time after implantation resulting in complications, has proven to be a potential problem of composite prostheses. There has been an attempt to address the challenge by using biological meshes made of decellularised pig and bovine dermis. However, recurrence rates after repair of hernia using the biological meshes was 6.3–61.0 %, wound infection – 16.0 %.
Conclusions. Thus, world publications have proved today that it is impossible to perform adequate hernioplasty of postoperative hernias without the use of prosthetic material. However, complications and recurrences of the disease remain quite high. In order to improve these indicators, a sufficient number of studies were conducted, the effect of various prosthetic meshes on the patient body and on the postoperative wound itself was examined. Nevertheless, all the results are often contradictory, without specific conclusions about the indications for the use of method and type of prosthetic material.
Influence of mica mineral on flame retardancy and mechanical properties of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene composites
Authors: Kahraman Merve , Kızılcan Nilgün , Oral Mehmet Ali
Published: September 2021

In many plastic applications, improvement of the flame retardancy is a very significant topic. Polypropylene (PP) is used in many applications such as housing industry due to its cost performance efficiency. Enhancement of flame retardancy properties of PP is necessary in many applications. In this study, the investigation focuses on the synergistic effect of mica mineral and IFR in enhancing the flame retardancy properties of PP in order to achieve cost competitive solution, so as to provide that different/various ratios of IFR and mica mineral were added into PP to compose 30 wt% of the total mass of the polymeric compounds. The synergistic effect of mica mineral with IFR in PP was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), glow wire test (GWT), UL-94 test, thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA), and mechanical tests. The results from LOI, UL 94, and GWT tests indicated that mica added to PP/IFR compound has a synergistic flame retardancy effects with the IFR system. When the content of mica was 6 wt%, LOI value of PP compound reaches to 34.9% and becomes V-0 rating (3.2 mm) in UL 94 flammability tests and compounds pass GWT tests both at 750 and 850°C.
Adoption of strategies for clean combustion of biomass in boilers
Authors: Sharma Shrutika , Sharma Mayank , Mudgal Deepa , Bhowmick Hiralal
Published: September 2021

Fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas are continuously being used for electricity generation. However, combustion of fossil fuels has raised environmental concerns which have forced the world to search for alternative sources of energy like geothermal, solar and biomass energy. Biomass is a carbon-based fuel, readily available in many parts of the world, highly volatile with less sulphur and nitrogen content, its ash possesses the property of absorbing carbon dioxide emissions, co-firing of biomass and coal increases thermal efficiency, it creates employment opportunities and provides a better way of utilization of agricultural waste. However, chlorine species from biomass combustion results in corrosion of boiler tubes at high temperature. In this review, challenges like fouling, agglomeration, gaseous emissions, emission of heavy metals, low heating value, storage and transportation problems and high temperature corrosion have been discussed, which can limit the flexibility, economy and reliability of biomass boilers. Each of these challenges has a relatively satisfactory solution except for hot corrosion, which has been addressed through several approaches with varying success and those approaches have been presented in this review. It is recommended that the implementation of the discussed remedies can surely provide efficient, economical and ecological biomass combustion.
An enhanced feedback-feedforward control scheme for process industries
Authors: Yadav Manish , Patel Hirenkumar G.
Published: September 2021

In this article, a unified control scheme is proposed for dead-time compensation and disturbance rejection via feedback and feedforward controller. The objectives of this work are suggested in two folds, first tuning of fractional order feedback controller via delayed Bode’s ideal transfer function instead of conventional Bode’s ideal transfer function with the benefits of dead time compensator and second feedforward controller for disturbance rejection. An existing method is utilized for comparison with the proposed scheme. To examine the efficacy of the proposed method robustness test is also carried out via sensitivity analysis. For quantifiable evaluation of the proposed scheme Integral Absolute Error (IAE) and Integral Square Error (ISE) are utilized. For the usefulness of the proposed scheme, two practical problems are demonstrated in this paper. The limpidity and instinctive appeal of the proposed scheme make it beautiful for industrial applications.
Review of automated writing evaluation systems
Authors: Zhang Shuai
Published: September 2021

This review generally endeavours to include a brief description of widely used automated writing evaluation systems, an explanation of underlying technologies, working principles and scopes of application, followed by a critical evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages in using these systems in educational contexts. Hopefully, the review would provide implications for language assessment practice and relevant research.
Drawing structured plasmonic field with on-chip metalens
Authors: Wang Yulong , Min Changjun , Zhang Yuquan , Feng Fu , Si Guangyuan , Li Ling , Yuan Xiaocong
Published: September 2021

The ability to draw a structured surface plasmon polariton (SPP) field is an important step toward many new opportunities for a broad range of nanophotonic applications. Previous methods usually require complex experimental systems or holographic optimization algorithms that limit their practical applications. Here, we propose a simple method for flexible generation of structured SPP field with on-chip plasmonic metalenses. The metalens is composed of multiple plasmonic focusing nanostructures whose focal shape and position can be independently manipulated, and through their superposition, SPP fields with specially designed patterns are obtained. Based on this method, we demonstrate several structured SPP fields including S- and W-shaped SPP focal fields and tunable SPP bottle beams. This work could provide new ideas for on-chip manipulation of optical surface waves, and contribute to applications such as on-chip photonic information processing and integrated photonic circuits.
Acoustics as Tangible Heritage: Re-embodying the Sensory Heritage in the Boundless Reign of Sight
Authors: Fırat Hasan Baran
Published: September 2021

This conceptual study discusses cultural and historic sounds as tangible heritage by focusing on preservation practices for both soundscape and individual sound sources besides the acoustical fingerprints of the spaces. Although the intangible cultural heritage concept has opened a new room into the sensory objects, the formal approaches to sensory heritage are still missing and ambiguous. This study dwells on why we should classify culturally significant sensory objects as tangible heritage assets in terms of heritage, sensory semiotics, and acoustics. The digitalization methods to preserve and reconstruct acoustic heritage along with their measurable and computable nature were discussed as well.
The effect of temozolomide on Hsp60 and Hsp70 expression in extracellular vesicles derived from U87MG glioma cells
Authors: Pekmez Murat , Kılcı Cansu
Published: September 2021

Objectives

Temozolomide (TMZ) is an effective drug for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), but the mechanism underlying TMZ resistance is poorly understood. New evidence has revealed that the release of heat shock proteins (Hsps) derived from extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in cancer progression by modulating tumor microenvironment and cellular cross-talk. This study aims to evaluate the effects of TMZ on the expression of EV-derived and cellular Hsps and cell motility in U87MG human glioblastoma cell line.

Methods

Glial-EVs were isolated from the culture medium and characterized by SEM and immunoblotting. The effect of TMZ treatments (25, 200 and 750 µM) on cell proliferation (MTT assay), migration (scratch assay), and Hsp60 and Hsp70 levels (immunoblotting) were evaluated.

Results

TMZ treatments led to an increase in intracellular Hsp70 while decreasing EV-derived Hsp70. Cellular Hsp60 level was elevated at the low dose of TMZ, but it reduced at higher TMZ concentrations. Hsp60 was also decreased in EVs secreted from TMZ-treated cells. Besides, TMZ treatment reduced the proliferation and migration of glioma cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that TMZ has the potential to target both EV-derived and cellular Hsps for GBM treatment, thus it may reduce cell motility.
Exact Beltrami flows in a spherical shell
Authors: Bogoyavlenskij Oleg
Published: September 2021

Exact flows of an incompressible fluid satisfying the Beltrami equation inside a spherical shell are constructed in the Cartesian coordinates in terms of elementary functions. Two scale-invariant equations defining two infinite series of eigenvalues λ

n
and

λ

̃

m

${\tilde {\lambda }}_{m}$

of the operator curl in the shell with the nonpenetration boundary conditions on the boundary spheres are derived. The corresponding eigenfields are presented in explicit form and their symmetries are investigated. Asymptotics of the eigenvalues λ

n
and

λ

̃

m

${\tilde {\lambda }}_{m}$

at n, m → ∞ are obtained.
Sintering behavior and ionic conductivity of Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 synthesized with different precursors
Authors: Davaasuren Bambar , Ma Qianli , Heiden Alexandra von der , Tietz Frank
Published: September 2021

Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (LATP) powders were prepared from different NO
x
-free precursors using an aqueous-based solution-assisted solid-state reaction (SA-SSR). The sintering behavior, phase formation, microstructure and ionic conductivity of the powders were explored as a function of sintering temperature. The powders showed a relatively narrow temperature windows in which shrinkage occurred. Relative densities of 95% were reached upon heating between 900 and 960 °C. Depending on the morphological features of the primary particles, either homogeneous and intact microstructures with fine grains of about <2 µm in size or a broad grain size distribution, micro-cracks and grain cleavages were obtained, indicating the instability of the microstructure. Consequently, the ceramics with a homogeneous microstructure possessed a maximum total ionic conductivity of 0.67 mS cm−1, whereas other ceramics reached only 0.58 mS cm−1 and 0.21 mS cm−1.
Performance Differences Between Greco-Roman and Freestyle Wrestlers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ulupınar Süleyman , Özbay Serhat , Gençoğlu Cebrail , İnce İzzet
Published: September 2021

Ulupınar, S, Özbay, S, Gençoğlu, C, and İnce, İ. Performance differences between Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestlers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 3270–3279, 2021—This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize evidence on performance differences between Greco-Roman (GR) and freestyle (Fr) wrestlers. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria (91 individual data and a total of 752 wrestlers). The analysis of handgrip strength comprised 9 outcomes from 5 studies with no significant difference between GR and Fr wrestlers. The analysis of isometric (back or leg) strength comprised 15 outcomes from 6 studies with a significant effect favoring GR wrestlers. The analysis of muscle power comprised 15 outcomes from 5 studies with a significant effect favoring GR wrestlers. The analysis of strength endurance comprised 4 outcomes from 3 studies with no significant difference between GR and Fr wrestlers. The analysis of anaerobic capacity and power comprised 6 outcomes from 3 studies with no significant difference between GR and Fr wrestlers. The analysis of speed comprised 19 outcomes from 7 studies with a significant effect favoring GR wrestlers. The analysis of flexibility comprised 20 outcomes from 6 studies with a significant effect favoring Fr wrestlers. This study indicated that GR wrestlers had greater isometric strength, muscle power, and speed performance, but Fr wrestlers had greater flexibility. Given the significant effect sizes favoring GR wrestlers, it is possible that they focused on training strategies to improve physical strength-power performance. However, considering the significant effect size favoring Fr wrestlers, it is possible that they focused on training strategies to improve flexibility because Fr wrestling techniques require a larger range of motion during both attack and defense.
Analyzing from Home: The Virtual Space as a Flexible Container
Authors: Levey Elizabeth J.
Published: September 2021

This manuscript explores the experience of teleanalysis for analyst and patient during the COVID-19 pandemic through the lenses of embodied intersubjective relating, the neurobiology of social engagement, and technologically mediated human interaction. At the beginning of the pandemic, many analytic dyads were embarking on remote work for the first time. More than a year later, we are facing the question of whether we will ever return to in-person work. In order to unpack this question, it is useful to consider how in-person analysis and in-person interaction more generally differ from remote interaction. Multiple nonverbal modalities are responsible for affective coregulation in intersubjective relating, including voice, body, and shared physical space. While conscious awareness tends to concentrate on auditory and visual inputs, other sensory inputs also impact affective experience. The impact of physical distance upon psychoanalytic treatment is compared with that of the couch. The shift in the balance of power introduced by teleanalysis is considered. Analyzing and being analyzed from home bend the frame of psychoanalysis, complicating notions about distance and intimacy and opening new spaces in which meaning can be cocreated. The COVID-19 pandemic presents an opportunity for psychoanalysis to engage more deeply with the questions raised by teleanalysis in order to enhance our understanding of its impact on treatment.
A Novel Microcontroller-Based System for the Wheel-Running Activity in Mice
Authors: Zhu Meina , Kasaragod Deepa Kamath , Kikutani Kazuya , Taguchi Kei , Aizawa Hidenori
Published: September 2021

Voluntary wheel-running activity is a way to assess rodents’ circadian rhythm and motivation for exercise. Deficits in these behaviors are implicated in the pathophysiology of sleep and psychiatric disorders. Limited space in animal facilities can hamper long-term monitoring of running wheel activity outside of the home cage. To address this issue, we provide a stand-alone solution to monitor the wheel-running activity of mice in their home cage. This system, named the wheel-running activity acquisition (WRAQ) system, is based on a microcontroller driven by a lithium polymer battery. With the WRAQ, we can record the wheel-running activity and illumination data for at least 30 d. Applying the WRAQ to an endotoxemia mouse model robustly detected the altered wheel-running activity and its recovery. With wireless data transfer capability extension, the system also allows for online monitoring and reporting of the circadian time (CT). We used the online monitoring of wheel-running activity with this extended WRAQ system and observed a significant shift of the active period in the circadian rhythm following a temporal chemogenetic activation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)-subparaventricular zone (SPZ). Together, these findings indicate that the WRAQ system is a novel and cost-effective solution for the analysis of wheel-running activity in mice.
D VİTAMİNİ İLE ZENGİNLEŞTİRİLMİŞ YOĞURT TÜKETİMİ VE SAĞLIK ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: AKSU Burcu Merve , ÖZBEY Fatih
Published: September 2021

Mikro besin ögesi eksiklikleri malnütrisyona neden olan bir halk sağlığı problemidir. Bu eksiklikler sağlığı olumsuz etkileyerek morbidite ve mortalite prevalansını artırmaktadır. Yaygın görülen eksikliklerden biri D vitamini eksikliğidir. D vitamini, besinsel kaynaklarının sınırlı olması ile birlikte temel kaynağı güneş olarak kabul edilen bir vitamindir. Ancak yıl boyunca güneş alan ülkelerde de eksikliğinin görülmesi bu konuda endişeleri doğurmaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü D vitamini eksikliğini gidermek için zenginleştirmeyi kabul etmiştir. Yoğurt besin değeri yüksek ve toplumumuzda tüketimi tercih edilen fermente bir süt ürünüdür. Yoğurdun D vitamini ile zenginleştirilmesinin serum D vitamini düzeyini artırdığı gösterilmiştir. Zenginleştirilmiş yoğurt tüketiminin açlık glukoz, insülin direnci, trigliserit düzeyinde azalma ile sağlığa katkı sağladığını gösteren çalışmalar vardır.
The growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor axis in pregnancy
Authors: Kaur Harleen , Muhlhausler Beverly S , Roberts Claire T , Gatford Kathryn L
Published: September 2021

The growth hormone (GH)–insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis is one of the main drivers of mammalian growth and development. Pituitary secretion of GH is pulsatile and under positive and negative hypothalamic control, as well as stimulation from gastric-secreted acyl-ghrelin. GH acts both directly via the GH-receptor (GHR) and indirectly via stimulation of IGF1 production to induce anabolic and metabolic responses at multiple target tissues. In this review, we describe the major changes to this axis during pregnancy, with increasing GH abundance in the maternal circulation across multiple species. This stimulates the secretion of IGFs, whose bioavailability is also increased by proteolytic cleavage of their circulating binding proteins during pregnancy. These changes in turn induce maternal metabolic adaptations to pregnancy and promote placental function and fetal growth, as does exogenous GH or IGF treatment in animal models of normal and compromised pregnancy. Finally, we explore alternative approaches to enhance maternal GH abundance during pregnancy to promote maternal adaptations, placental function and hence fetal growth.
Дипломатическое представительство Азербайджанской Демократической Республики в Армении в 1918-1920-е годы
Authors: Ganbarova Senuber
Published: September 2021

Кровавый военно-колониальный режим Российской империи не сумел уничтожить древнейшие традиции государственности азербайджанского народа. 28 мая 1918 года была создана Азербайджанская Демократическая Республика, которая являлась первым светским демократическим и правовым государством на мусульманском Востоке, а также в тюрко-исламском мире. Азербайджанская Демократическая Республика смогла просуществовать в напряженной и сложной социально-политической обстановке всего 23 месяца. К сожалению, не достигнув двухлетнего возраста, независимая Азербайджанская Республика подверглась нападению большевиков и была временно свергнута. Со дня образования правительство АДР проводило гибкую внешнюю политику и стремилась установить добрососедские отношения со всеми государствами региона.

9 июля 1919 года правительством Азербайджанской Демократической Республики была принята временная инструкция о секретариате Министерства иностранных дел. В период существования республики в ее столице городе Баку функционировали дипломатические представительства 16 государств, среди которых были, иностранные миссии США, Великобритании, Франции, Италии и т.д.

Одним из главных вопросов, постоянно привлекавших к себе внимание правительства Азербайджана, был вопрос о границах и отношениях с близкими соседями.

Одной из серьезных преград на пути укрепления Азербайджанской государственности в этот период стала экспансионистская и агрессорская политика Дашнакской Армении, которая пыталась присвоить исторические азербайджанские земли. Армения предъявляла необоснованные территориальные претензии к Карабаху, Нахичевану, Зангезуру и т.д. Несмотря на то, что вражественная позиция Армении по отношению к Азербайджану прослеживалась в течении всего периода существования АДР, Азербайджанской Республике ценою больших усилий и потерь все же удалось сохранить свою территориальную целостность.

В статье приводится информация об азербайджано-армянских отношениях в 1918-1920-х годах, а также о деятельности дипломатического представительства Азербайджанской Демократической Республики в Армении в указанный период.

Цель исследования - изучить дипломатические и политические отношения Азербайджанской Демократической Республики с Республикой Армения в 1918-1920 годах с исторической точки зрения, а также выявить и проанализировать исторические и геополитические корни и сущность армяно-азербайджанского Нагорно-Карабахского конфликта.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФОТОХІМІЧНОЇ ДИМЕРИЗАЦІЇ 3-ГЕТЕРОАРИЛ (ФУРИЛ, ТІОФІЛ, СЕЛЕНОФІЛ І ТЕЛУРОФІЛ)-АКРИЛАТІВ МЕТОДОМ DFT
Authors: Джалал Резан , Хаді Абдаллах Хассан
Published: September 2021

На основі всебічного огляду фотохімічних димеризацій різних 3-гетероарил(фурил, тіофіл, селенофіл і телурофіл)-акрилатів було представлено докладне теоретичне пояснення спостережуваної фотохімічної реакції сполук даного типу. Теорія функціоналу густини (DFT) була використана для вивчення механізму реакції і визначення місця розташування всіх проміжних і перехідних станів уздовж кривої потенційної енергії. Розраховані енергетичні бар'єри були використані для порівняння стабільності різних конформацій. Реакції показали гарну регіо - та стереоселективність за рахунок утворення бірадикального перехідного стану. Для обґрунтування результатів найбільш стабільних ізомерів було виконано порівняння значень глобальної електрофільності, нуклеофільності, жорсткості, м'якості і потенціалу іонізації. Крім того, для найбільш стабільних продуктів були проаналізовані частоти ІЧ-коливань, енергетичні параметри та виконаний аналіз молекулярних орбіталей.
АНАЛІЗ ДИФТОРХЛОРМЕТАНОВОГО ЕКСТРАКТУ ЛАВРОВОГО ЛИСТА МЕТОДОМ ГАЗОВОЇ ХРОМАТОГРАФІЇ З РІЗНИМИ ВИДАМИ ДЕТЕКТУВАННЯ
Authors: В. Євлаш Вікторія , О. Потапов Володимир , С. Пілюгіна Інна , С. Власенко Ганна , В. Білий Дмитро
Published: September 2021

Наведено результати аналізу дифторхлорметанового (фреонового 22) екстракту лаврового листа методом газової хроматографії з мас-спектрометричним (МС) і полуменево-іонізаційним детектуванням (ПІД). Виявлено 93 компоненти, 49 з яких ідентифіковано. Встановлено, що до складу дифторхлорметанового екстракту лаврового листа входять терпени (25.07 %), терпеноїди (40.50 %), жирні кислоти (7.93 %), ароматичні вуглеводні (0.53 %), алкани (0.22 %). Домінуючими сполуками були 1,8-цинеол та камфен.
Comparison of meteorological data, related to reference evapotranspiration, from conventional and automatic stations in the Sertão and Agreste regions of Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Lopes Iug , Machado Guimarães Miguel Julio , Medrado de Melo Juliana Maria , Guedes Cabral de Almeida Ceres Duarte , Lopes Breno , Gonçalves Leal Brauliro
Published: September 2021

The objective was to perform a comparative study of the meteorological elements data that most cause changes in the reference Evapotranspiration (ETo, mm) and its own value, of automatic weather stations AWS and conventional weather stations CWS of the Sertão and Agreste regions of Pernambuco State. The ETo was calculated on a daily scale using the standard method proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Penman-Monteith (FAO-56). The ETo information obtained from AWS data can be used to update the weather database of stations, since there is a good relationship between the ETo data obtained from CWS and AWS, statistically determined by the Willmott's concordance index (d > 0.7). The observed variations in the weather elements: air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and global solar radiation have not caused significant changes in the ETo calculation.
Por uma História Negra
Authors: Pinn Maria Lídia de Godoy , Reis João Carlos
Published: September 2021

Para a historiadora Maria Beatriz Nascimento (1942-1995), a historiografia produziu ao longo dos anos uma série de distorções e negligenciamentos sobre os passados das populações negras. Ao (re)escrever a história dos quilombos a autora propôs que essa fosse feita a partir de outras temporalidades, teorias e aspirações, em vista a uma reconciliação das populações negras com os seus passados e com as possibilidades futuras abertas por esse movimento. Contudo, apesar da importância de suas produções para os debates sobre subjetividade negra, raça e historiografia ao longo das décadas de 1970, 1980 e 1990 no Brasil, sua obra e agência pouco figuram na disciplina histórica enquanto uma possibilidade teórica e historiográfica para a escrita da história. Dessa maneira, propomos neste artigo celebrar suas produções, tomando-as como “uma possibilidade nos dias da destruição”. Para isso, temos como enfoque central a concepção de uma epistemologia que privilegia a (re)escrita da história frente a uma perspectiva negra, a fim de evidenciar a potência teórica do pensamento da historiadora para sua área de formação e atuação acadêmica.
Evaluation of the visibility of peri-implant bone defects using ultrasonography with two types of probes
Authors:   Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Turkey, Orhan Kaan ,   Medical Design Application and Research Center (MEDITAM), Ankara University, Turkey, Serindere Gozde ,   Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Dentistry, Turkey, Belgin Ceren Aktuna ,   Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Dentistry, Turkey, Kurt Mehmet Hakan ,   Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Turkey
Published: September 2021

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of intraoral and extraoral ultrasonography evaluations performed with two different types of probes (linear and “hockey stick”) for the visibility of peri-implant bone defects. Material and methods: Fourteen implants were inserted into sheep heads. Peri-implant bone defects were created without knowing the depth, which served as the gold standard for the defects. The defects were scanned with two different probe types (linear and hockey stick probes) extraorally and intraorally, using two different ultrasonography systems. For intra- and interobserver agreements for each probe types, Kappa coefficients were calculated. Results: The lowest ICC values were found in both intra- (ICC = 0.696) and interobserver reliability (ICC = 0.762) obtained with the extraorally used linear probe. There was a high agreement with the gold standard when using hockey sticky probes intraorally. For both linear probes, there were no significant differences in agreement among the two observers and the gold standard (p >0.05). Conclusions: High agreement was found when using high-frequency hockey stick probes intraorally, which means that they can be used with good effect for the evaluation of the visibility of peri-implant bone defects. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one on this subject. Thus, it can be stated that US can be an alternative method of examining defects. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of US in visualizing peri-implant bone defects.
Peripheral arterial response during haemodialysis – is two-dimensional speckle-tracking a useful arterial reactivity assessment tool?
Authors:   Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Medical University of Łódź, Poland, Ustyniak Sergiusz , Stefańczyk Ludomir ,   Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Medical University of Łódź, Poland, Kaczmarska Magdalena ,   Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Medical University of Łódź, Poland, Kurnatowska Ilona ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Transplantation Nephrology, 1st Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Łódź, Poland, Goździk Maciej ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Transplantation Nephrology, 1st Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Łódź, Poland
Published: September 2021

Aim: 2D speckle tracking is a method used in myocardial strain assessment. However, several studies have confirmed the suitability of its application in the assessment of arterial strain (a marker of arterial stiffness). The aims of our study were to evaluate whether 2D speckle tracking can assess the changes in carotid and femoral strain caused by fluid loss during haemodialysis, and to determine the direction and amount of these changes. Material and methods: We examined the distal common carotid and proximal femoral arteries in 74 haemodialysed patients (28 women and 46 men) before and after their haemodialysis sessions. EchoPac software was used to analyse the recorded ultrasound examinations. Circumferential strain values were acquired for further analysis. Results: We found a decrease in carotid circumferential strain values after haemodialysis sessions (5.916 ± 2.632% before haemodialysis and 4.909 ± 2.409% after haemodialysis, p = 0.000022). The amount of fluid lost during haemodialysis sessions correlated (correlation coefficient of 0.434, p = 0.000222) with the decrease of carotid circumferential strain. The correlation coefficients were slightly higher (0.445, p = 0.000146) when a ratio of fluid loss volume to the BMI was used. No statistically significant changes were found in femoral circumferential strain. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that arterial response to body fluid loss may be assessed by 2D speckle tracking. This method enabled us to measure carotid circumferential strain changes caused by fluid volume contraction during haemodialysis sessions. We found an important decrease in the carotid circumferential strain values after the procedure. The amount of this decrease correlated significantly with the decrease in the volume of fluid lost during the haemodialysis session.
Ultrasonography-guided sialolithotomy and stricture dilations of the major salivary glands: a preliminary study
Authors:   Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry, Turkey, Orhan Kaan ,   Medical Design Application and Research Center (MEDITAM), Ankara University, Turkey, Bozkurt Poyzan ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry, Turkey, Berktaş Zeynep Serap ,   Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry, Turkey, Kurt Mehmet Hakan ,   Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry, Turkey
Published: September 2021

Aim of the study: The present preliminary study aims to evaluate the possible positive outcomes of ultrasonography-guided sialolithotomies and duct stricture dilations utilizing stone retrieval baskets and guide wires. Case description: A total of 6 cases in an ongoing study (4 cases of sialolithiasis and 2 cases of duct strictures with intraluminal adhesion) were analyzed. All sialoliths were <5 mm in diameter. Stone removals and duct dilations were performed under ultrasonography guidance with two different types of linear probes. Edema measurements were carried out, and the area of edema was evaluated via the echogenicity changes. Patient satisfaction was also evaluated by the patients themselves using a Visual Analog Scale questionnaire on postoperative day 0, and on days 1, 2, and 3. Conclusions: There were no postoperative complications, and mouth openings returned to normal at 7-day follow-up. The pain scores decreased after 6 hours, and pain subsided completely after 12 hours in all the patients. Edema also resolved gradually after the operation. The patient satisfaction levels were high.
Real-time CEUS-guided biopsy revealing a littoral cell angioma of the spleen after inconclusive CT and MRI findings
Authors:   Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humbold-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany, Lerchbaumer Markus Herbert , Althoff Christian E. , Fischer Thomas
Published: September 2021

The aim of this case report is to present real-time CEUS-guided biopsy for diagnosing rare benign splenic pathologies after inconclusive findings on cross-sectional imaging. We present the case of a 50-year-old male patient who received a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the thorax during the evaluation for lung transplant due to lung fibrosis, with incidental finding of disseminated hypodense splenic lesions. During follow-up imaging, the patient did not tolerate a complete MRI examination, and two acquired pulse sequences did not confirm the final diagnosis. While CT-guided biopsy revealed no results, CEUS-guided target biopsy with repeated contrast injections showed a benign littoral cell angioma of the spleen. The use of real-time CEUS-guided target biopsy during lesion washout may be a useful tool to improve the accuracy of biopsy and accelerate the diagnosis in patients with parenchymal lesions after inconclusive cross-sectional imaging findings which may pose a challenge for CT-guided biopsy.
The definitive role of CEUS in an ambiguous case of renal cell carcinoma
Authors:   Students’ Scientific Society at the Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Drelich Katarzyna , Zbroja Monika ,   Students’ Scientific Society at the Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Cyranka Weronika ,   Students’ Scientific Society at the Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Pustelniak Olga ,   Students’ Scientific Society at the Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Kopyto Ewa ,   Students’ Scientific Society at the Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Kuczyńska Maryla ,   Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Published: September 2021

Angiomyolipoma is a benign tumor consisting of abnormal vessels, smooth muscles, and fatty tissue. Renal cell carcinoma is an insidious neoplasm accounting for approximately 2% of global cancer diagnoses. Due to similar diagnostic features, the differentiation between the two types is sometimes difficult. We hereby present the case of a 60-year-old patient with no clinical symptoms and a focal lesion in the parenchymal layer of the left kidney incidentally detected on ultrasound examination. The putative diagnosis was angiomyolipoma, which was then confirmed by another ultrasound and computed tomography examinations. However, a further radiologic consultation revealed another probable diagnosis – renal cell carcinoma. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was conducted, and the enhancement pattern was suggestive of cancer. To sum up, a thorough imaging examination plays an important role in the diagnostic work-up of neoplastic lesions in the kidney. Even then, however, the radiological image of the lesion may be misleading, so differential diagnosis is important for making a proper diagnosis.
The ultrasonographic dynamic heel-rise test of the Achilles tendon
Authors:   LIFE Institute’s Orthopaedics Department and Biological Treatment Centre, LIFE Institute, Warsaw, Poland, Ciszkowska-Łysoń Beata ,   Department of Radiology, Carolina Medical Center, Warsaw, Poland, Zdanowicz Urszula ,   Orthopaedic and Sports Traumatology Department, Carolina Medical Center, Warsaw, Poland,   McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA, Śmigielski Robert ,   LIFE Institute’s Orthopaedics Department and Biological Treatment Centre, LIFE Institute, Warsaw, Poland
Published: September 2021

The treatment of Achilles tendon rupture attempts to restore the primary anatomical structure and principal biomechanical properties of the damaged tendon. Postoperative clinical assessment of the healing progression and function monitoring may be difficult and require experience. Diagnostic imaging (ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging) helps monitor the healing process. In the following paper, we propose a heel-rise test – a dynamic assessment of the Achilles tendon performed under direct observation and ultrasound monitoring to establish the tension of the Achilles tendon. The test allows for a simple assessment of tendon function and may be safely repeated at any postoperative stage. It may be performed by a physician, radiologist and physiotherapist to monitor the recovery process following Achilles tendon damage.
Analysis of the influence of hot rolled plate steel treatment using temper and quench-temper method on vickers hardness number enhancement
Authors: Taufik Achmad , Pratikto Pratikto , Suprapto Agus , Sonief Achmad As’ad
Published: September 2021

This paper wants to know the effect of bending radius on the distribution of hardness, grain distribution and microstructure on the surface area of tensile stress and compressive stress after bending, quenching and tempering. Material testing helps determine and analyze material quality. The research was conducted on the bending of Hot Rolled Plate Steel material with a radius of 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm, 65 mm and 70 mm with a measurement distance of 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm, the highest value was obtained at a radius of 55 mm with a measurement distance of 1 mm. After getting the quench-temper treatment with a holding time of 30 minutes, the value of 498 HV was obtained at a radius of 70 mm with a measurement distance of 2 mm. Hardness test was performed using the austenite temperature of 900 °С, microstructure test results obtained finer grains in the compression area r=2.173 µm and in the tensile area r=2.34 µm. This observation aims to determine the microstructure of the material undergoing a heat treatment process at a temperature of 900 °С with a holding time of 30 minutes using water cooling media. The results of the observation of the microstructure of the test specimens before the quench-temper process showed that the structure of ferrite was more abundant than perlite, but after the quench-tempering process the results showed that there was more perlite than ferrite due to the presence of austenite. The treatment on the transformation of the Ar3 line causes the hardness to change the shape of the martensite microstructure into steel while the thickness of the carburizing layer increases with the increase in the carbonization temperature on the surface of the quenched specimen, resulting in the formation of martensite and residual austenite causing the coating to become hard.
Improving the mechanical-mathematical model of pneumatic vibration centrifugal fractionation of grain materials based on their density
Authors: Bredykhin Vadym , Pak Andrey , Gurskyi Petro , Denisenko Sergey , Bredykhina Khrystyna
Published: September 2021

This paper has substantiated the mechanical-mathematical modeling of the process of fractionation of grain material into fractions. It has been established that this could optimize the process parameters and would make it possible to design new or improve existing working surfaces of centrifugal separators.
A mechanical-mathematical model of the pneumatic vibratory centrifugal separation of grain material by density has been improved. This research is based on the method of hydrodynamics of multiphase media. The improved mechanical-mathematical model takes into consideration the interaction between the discrete and continuous phases of grain material by introducing conditions of interaction at the interface of these phases. In the hydrodynamic modeling of the movement of the circular layer of seeds, the coefficient of dynamic viscosity of discrete and continuous phases was taken into consideration.
It was established that the pneumatic vibratory centrifugal separation process parameters are critically affected by the circular frequency of rotation of the cylindrical working surface, the frequency and amplitude of its oscillations. As well as such process characteristics as the airflow rate, dynamic viscosity coefficient, the average thickness of a grain material layer, and the mean density of its particles. Rational values for the technical parameters of the grain material pneumatic vibratory centrifugal fractionation process in terms of density have been determined by using the improved mechanical-mathematical model. The amplitude and oscillation frequency of the working surface are in the ranges A=(35…50)·10–5 m, ω=15.0...15.6 rad/s. The circular rotation frequency of the working surface, ω=24...25 rad/s. The airflow rate, V=2 m/s.
It was established that using the improved mechanical-mathematical model of fractionation makes it possible to improve the performance of a pneumatic vibratory centrifugal separator by 9 %. At the same time, the effectiveness of grain material separation could reach 100 %.
Designing a bench for testing medically and technically an information and measuring system for multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography of human lungs
Authors: Aleksanyan Grayr
Published: September 2021

This paper solves the problem of developing and creating multifunctional tools for conducting research into systems of multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography of human lungs. A test bench consisting of modern medical equipment, simulating pre-and postoperative environments to create conditions that are most similar to clinical ones, under which it is planned to operate multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography systems, was proposed and manufactured. This makes it possible to reduce significantly the time for approbation, testing, and elimination of practical inaccuracies and problems of clinical application of the developed medical and technical facilities. A positive result is achieved due to the possibility of forming new test plans with specified conditions and different levels of complexity. This enables enhancing the effectiveness of subsequent clinical tests on patients who are treated in a resuscitation unit or an intensive care unit. The operability of the bench is proved by the repeatability of obtained results of monitoring ventilation and perfusion for each examined person, the continuity of dynamic visualization of the breathing process, as well as a high degree of correlation of obtained values of differences of potentials with the readings of a bedside monitor of a patient. An information and measuring system of multi-frequency electric impedance tomography of human lungs, developed by the author earlier, was used as the EIT device. The EIT tests were performed for the frequency range of 50 kHz – 400 kHz at a current of 5 mA. All experimental studies involved volunteers who gave written information consent to participate in the tests. The results of the research show that the proposed bench can be used in practice to solve a wide range of scientific and applied problems in the field of electrical impedance tomography