bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics and degree of severity of COVID-19 in Hemodialysis Patients in Armed Forces Institute of Urology.
Authors: Umar Saba , Sabir Sohail , Raja Khalid , Mansoor Khurram , Sajid Tanveer , Saleem Salman , Ikram Aamir , Siddiqui Fuad , Sabir Haroon
Published: October 2021

Introduction
 This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical characteristics and severity of COVID -19 in hemodialysis patients at  from 1st March 2020 to 15th August 2020.
Methodology
It was a prospective and Cross Sectional Observational Study. We collected data prospectively that includes all patients on maintenance hemodialysis and reviewed clinical characteristics  of those with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between March 1and August 15, 2020.
Results
 39 out of 268 dialysis dependent patients had  COVID-19. Mean age of patients was 55.9yrs. Only 35.8% patients were symptomatic. 15 out of 39 were having mild  disease,12  had moderate and 12  had severe disease. Females (54.5%)  were found to be  more affected  than males(45.5%). Dry cough was the commonest symptom (53.8%) followed by fever (46.1%) and abdominal pain(18.1%).  Patients with multiple comorbidities were found to have severe disease.
Conclusion
We concluded that patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis are susceptible to COVID-19 and that hemodialysis centers are  high risk for spread of infection. Isolating  patients with COVID-19  can help in preventing the spread of COVID-19.
Effect of Competitive Advantage on the Relationship between Strategic Leadership and Performance of International Non-Governmental Organizations in Kenya
Authors:   University of Nairobi, Oracha Joan Anyango , Ogutu Martin ,   University of Nairobi, K’Obonyo Peter ,   University of Nairobi, Twalib Medina ,   University of Nairobi
Published: October 2021

In developing countries, International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) have taken active and complementary roles in sustainable human development. Despite the role of INGOs in development, the issues of sustainability, availability of funds, and supportive leadership have remained a major challenge in developing countries. The concept of competitive advantage has been recognized as a central building block in strategic management and an important precedent to organizational performance. Competitive advantage is a deliberate effort by the organization to align its internal conditions and capabilities with changes in the external environment. This study sought to establish the mediating effect of competitive advantage on the relationship between strategic leadership and performance of international non-governmental organizations in Kenya The study was anchored on strategic leadership theory, upper echelons theory and resource-based view theories. For methodology, descriptive cross-sectional survey design covering 277 respondents was adopted. Semi structured questionnaires were used to collect data. The study findings indicated that data collection tool/questionnaire was reliable as Cronbach alpha was greater than 0.7 for all variables. The results indicated a significant mediating effect of competitive advantage on the relationship between strategic leadership and performance of international non-governmental organizations in Kenya. This means that the influence of strategic leadership on performance is indirect through competitive advantage. The study concluded that both competitive advantage and strategic leadership concurrently influence organizational performance positively. It is recommended that international non-governmental organization must be able to identify their competitive advantage. Keywords: Strategic Leadership, Competitive Advantage, Performance, International Non-Governmental Organizations & Kenya.
Conoscere per deliberare. Riflessioni sulla formazione giuridica
Authors: Consorti Pierluigi
Published: October 2021

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Breve storia delle riforme universitarie a) fino al 2000 - 3. b) dal 2000 a oggi - 4. Il piano degli studi giuridici e l’accesso alle “professioni classiche” - 5. Proposte di revisione della tabella attuale. a) il contesto generale e particolare - 6. b) i punti salienti.

Knowing to deliberate. Reflections on legal education.

ABSTRACT: The debate on legal education in Italy appears to be an always open question. The synthesis is complicated by the coexistence of multiple factors that increase its complexity. However, the gradual and stable decrease in enrollments and the simultaneous lack of employment prospects for graduates require it to be revised, also favored by the opportunities opened by the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR). In this essay I proceed to a preliminary historical reconstruction of the debate still in progress and I present reflections which, hopefully, will be useful for its operational conclusion.
Disertaciones Doctorales Escuela Graduada de Trabajo Social Beatriz Lassalle
Authors: Rodriguez Ramirez Jannette
Published: October 2021

Se presentan los resúmenes de las disertaciones culminadas por estudiantes durante el año académico 2020-2021 para adquirir el grado doctoral en la Escuela Graduada de Trabajo Social Beatriz Lassalle de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Río Piedras. Se incluyen elementos de las investigaciones como; autores/as, títulos, detalles metodológicos y hallazgos, entre otros.
ՀԱԿԱՃԳՆԱԺԱՄԱՅԻՆ ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԸ COVID-19-Ի ՀԱՂԹԱՀԱՐՄԱՆ ԵՎ ՏՆՏԵՍՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԵՏՃԳՆԱԺԱՄԱՅԻՆ ՎԵՐԱԿԱՆԳՆՄԱՆ ՀԱՄԱՏԵՔՍՏՈՒՄ / FEATURES OF ANTI-CRISIS POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF OVERCOMING COVID-19 AND RESTORING THE ECONOMY IN POST-CRISIS PERIOD
Authors: Sargsyan К.
Published: October 2021

Հոդվածում ներկայացվում է կորոնավիրուսի համավարակի հետևանքով առաջացած տնտեսական ճգնաժամի հաղթահարման և տնտեսության հետճգնաժամային վերականգնման առանձնահատկությունների ուսումնասիրությունը և վերլուծությունը: Հոդվածում վերլուծվել են նաև հետճգնաժամային փուլում հակաճգնաժամային քաղաքականության առաջնահերթությունները և առկա ռիսկերը: / The article presents the analysis of the measures aimed at overcoming the economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic, as well as a study of the features of the post-crisis economic recovery. The article analyzes the priorities of anti-crisis policy in the post-crisis phase and brings out the existing risks in this area.
ВОПРОСЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО ВАРИАНТА КЛАСТЕРИЗАЦИИ РЕГИОНА В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ СТЕПЕНИ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ЭКОНОМИКИ / ISSUES OF FORMATION OF THE OPTIMAL OPTION OF CLUSTERIZATION OF THE REGION DEPENDING ON THE DEGREE OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: Sukiasyan Т.
Published: October 2021

Излагаются обобщенные теоретические положения об оценке экономической эффективности формирования и функционирования цифрового кластера региональной экономики с целью повышения
конкурентоспособности и эффективности организаций. Приводятся рекомендации для оценки сравнительной экономической эффективности вариантов кластеризации региональной экономики в зависимости от степени цифровизации производства товаров и предоставления услуг. / The generalized theoretical provisions on the assessment of the economic efficiency of the formation and functioning of the digital cluster of the regional economy in order to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of organizations are presented. Recommendations are given for assessing the relative economic efficiency of the options for a regional economic cluster, depending on the degree of digitalization of the production of goods and the provision of services.
ՆԵՐԴՐՈՒՄԱՅԻՆ ՇՈՒԿԱՅԻ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ՎԵՐԼՈՒԾՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՀՀ-ՈՒՄ / THE ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT MARKET FEATURES IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Authors: Hovnanyan L.
Published: October 2021

Հոդվածում ներկայացվում է ներդրումների հոսքերի շարժընթացի ուսումնասիրությունը և վերլուծությունը Հայաստանի տնտեսության մեջ: Հոդվածում վերլուծվել է նաև կապիտալի շուկայի կառուցվածքը իր մասնակիցներով և գործունեության ցուցանիշներով: / The article presents the study of investment flow trends and analysis in the Armenian economy. The paper also presents the structure of the capital market with its participants and performance indicators.ֈ
ՀԱՅԿԱԿԱՆ ԽՈՀԱՆՈՑԱՅԻՆ ՓԱՌԱՏՈՆԵՐԻ ԱՇԽԱՐՀԱԳՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆ ՈՒ ԴՐԱՆՑ ԶԲՈՍԱՇՐՋԱՅԻՆ
ՆՇԱՆԱԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ / ARMENIAN CULINARY FESTIVALS GEOGRAPHY AND THEIR
TOURISTIC SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: Valesyan A. , Valesyan A.
Published: October 2021

Խոհանոցային փառատոները ունեն զարգացման կայուն նախադրյալներ ՀՀ-ում: Փառատոների միջոցով փորձ է արվում վեր հանել յուրաքանչյուր բնակավայրին հատուկ սովորույթները,
ուտեստներն ու հիշարժան վայրերը: Խոհանոցային ամենամյա փառատոների շարքը նորերով համալրելը կնպաստի Հայաստանի զբոսաշրջային մրցունակության, վարկանիշի և ընդհանուր
զբոսաշրջային ակտիվության բարձրացմանը: / Culinary festivals have steady prerequisites for development in Armenia. Festivals try to highlight the customs, dishes and memorials characteristic of each region.The addition of a series of annual culinary festivals with new ones will enhance the reputation of Armenia and the overall competitiveness of
tourism.
ՇՊՀ-ՈՒՄ ՊՐՈՖԵՍՈՐԱԴԱՍԱԽՈՍԱԿԱՆ ԿԱԶՄԻ ՎԱՐԿԱՆԻՇԱՎՈՐՈՒՄԸ ՈՐՊԵՍ ՄԱՐԴԿԱՅԻՆ ՌԵՍՈՒՐՍՆԵՐԻ ՈՐԱԿԻ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ՄԵԽԱՆԻԶՄ / THE RATING SYSTEM OF PROFESSOR-TEACHING STAFF IN SUSH AS A MECHANISM FOR MANAGING THE HUMAN RESURCES
QUALITY
Authors: Sargsyan A.
Published: October 2021

Սույն հոդվածում ներկայացվում է ՇՊՀ-ի պրոֆեսորադասախոսական (ՊԴ) կազմի պարբերաբար գնահատման և վարկանիշավորման համար մշակված և ներդրված մոտեցումները և մեխանիզմները, որոնք ուսումնասիրման և հետազոտության արդյունք ենֈ Միաժամանակ ներկայացվում է դրա գործածումից հետո նախնական փորձնական (պիլոտային) ետազոտության արդյունքներն ու դրանց հիման վրա իրականացված բարելավումները: / In this paper the developed and built-in approaches and mechanisms for regular assessment and rating of teaching staff of SUSh are presented which are the outcomes of the research. It presents the results of the initial pilot study and, based on practical use, the improvements are made.
Mitigating Hot Spot Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks using Political Optimizer Based Unequal Clustering Technique
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India, Verm Sahil , Gain Sanjukta ,   RCC institute of information technology, Kolkata, India
Published: October 2021

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) encompasses a set of wirelessly connected sensor nodes in the network for tracking and data gathering applications. The sensors in WSN are constrained in energy, memory, and processing capabilities. Despite the benefits of WSN, the sensors closer to the base station (BS) expels their energy faster. It suffers from hot spot issues and can be resolved by the use of unequal clustering techniques. In this aspect, this paper presents a political optimizer-based unequal clustering scheme (POUCS) for mitigating hot spot problems in WSN. The goal of the POUCS technique is to choose cluster heads (CHs) and determine unequal cluster sizes. The POUCS technique derives a fitness function involving different input parameters to minimize energy consumption and maximize the lifetime of the network. To showcase the enhanced performance of the POUCS technique, a comprehensive experimental analysis takes place, and the detailed comparison study reported the better performance of the POUCS technique over the recent techniques.
Advancements in Encryption Techniques for Enhanced Data Security Over Cloud
Authors:   Department of CSE, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India, . Rishu , Sinha Vijay Kumar ,   Department of CSE, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India, Aggarwal Shruti ,   Department of CSE, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
Published: October 2021

With the advancements in internet technologies and increased transactions over the internet, the threats for data security increased many folds than ever. Nowadays message application services are in great demand, as they offered end-to-end encryption (E2EE) that is essential to provide security to the users while communication takes place between parties. Today messaging application service is in great use for communication. For making communication over the network. This paper presents that security is essential while communication takes place between users and how E2EE offers security to the users. Consumers' concerns related to the security and privacy of their data are growing day by day with increased inter-connectivity. We examine the existing mobile message service encryption protocols that provide security and the features which preserve privacy for messenger applications and also evaluate the technical challenges involved in its implementations.
Les cancers en Afrique : Un journal pour participer à la lutte
Authors: Ka Sidy , Dieng Mamadou Moustapha , Dem Ahmadou
Published: October 2021

No abstract.
Epidémiologie et présentations anatomocliniques des cancers urologiques à l’unité de chirurgie oncologique du CHU Donka
Authors: Traoré B , Bah R , Bah M , Keita F S , Barry S M , Kourouma T
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION : L’objectif de cette étude est de déterminer la fréquence et décrire les aspects anatomocliniques des cancers urologiques à l’unité de chirurgie oncologiques de l’hôpital national Donka. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Cette étude était rétrospective et descriptive concernant les patients suivis et pris en charge pour cancers urologiques à l’unité de chirurgie oncologique de Donka de 2007 à 2017. L’âge, le sexe, les localisations primitives et les types histologiques ont été étudiés. RESULTATS : Nous avons colligé 40 cas de cancers urologiques dont 31 (77,5%) de sexe masculin. Ils étaient âgés de deux à 81 ans, avec une moyenne de 44,0 ans. Il s’agissait de cancers du rein (14 cas), de la prostate (12 cas), de la vessie (huit cas), du testicule (quatre cas), de la verge (un cas) et de l’urètre (un cas). Les cancers du rein étaient constitués de néphroblastomes (sept cas) et de carcinomes à cellules claires (sept cas). Tous les cancers de la prostate étaient des adénocarcinomes. Pour le cancer de la vessie, on dénombrait le carcinome urothélial (trois cas), le carcinome épidermoïde (deux cas), l’adénocarcinome lieberkhunien (un cas), le sarcome rhabdoïde (un cas) et le carcinome peu différencié (un cas). Les cas de cancers du testicule étaient des carcinomes embryonnaires (deux cas) et des seminomes (deux cas). Les cancers de la verge et de l’urètre étaient respectivement un carcinome épidermoïde et un carcinome urothélial. CONCLUSION : Les cancers urologiques étaient relativement fréquents dans notre unité. Les plus fréquents était les cancers du rein, de la prostate et de la vessie.
Conceptual Urban Renewal Outlines Against Proposed Mediaspree Project at Holzmarkt Area in Berlin: A Proposal to Remodel Vibrant Urban Space
Authors:   Department of Architecture, Leading University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh., Ahmed Sayed
Published: October 2021

The German capital city of Berlin, amongst all European cities, is well known as one of the most freethinking center but yet historical. Its industrial historic structures and heritage elements over the spree river shore are reanalyzed and reexamined in this case study with emphasis on club culture and social recreation. The important issue is that, the structures and architectural style of these few surviving buildings have the common features and also diversities which were never brought under light and even ignored to let them became hub for unsocial activities like drug dealing and unhygienic adobes for homeless peoples. To discover and recognize their current contribution and possible social attribute over the whole city fabric, the main construct of this paper is to rethink Berlin’s so called public cohesion on the basis of recreational character and its associated urban order. The research question is: “What is the topmost role played by such built elements for formation of a distinct civic culture and keep Berlin alive?” To reveal the conceivable theoretical framework of this study will try to accentuate same facts and aspects followed by descriptive-analytical method and suggest independent and dependent variables, possible cooperative urban inventions based on the inhabitants’ interest, protest and demands against privatization of Media Spree. Documentation, field survey, associated drawings, related photographs from different time intervals and model studying was helpful for analyzing the urban morphology. The proposed design will try to indicate that the historic industrial buildings, pubs and markets, art practice and the overall landscape has tremendous bilateral relations for the wellbeing of city dwellers; which could be shaped well into a main ‘Axis’ of cultural activities, which Berlin is not posed with currently.
Comparative Assessment of Deformation Under Plate Bearing Test and CBR Test for Subgrade Soil
Authors: Sarsam Saad Issa
Published: October 2021

A significant variation in the strength and deformation behavior of subgrade soil when tested in the laboratory and in the field. However, correlation of such variables is essential to evaluate the quality of the constructed subgrade. An attempt has been made in the present investigation to assess the deformation of control and stabilized subgrade soil in the laboratory and in the field. California bearing ratio (CBR) test was conducted in the laboratory and the static plate bearing test (PBT) was conducted in the field. Subgrade soil samples were stabilized with 6% lime, 17 % Cationic Emulsion, and combination of lime and emulsion. Similar stabilization was conducted at test sections in the field. The behavior of the control and stabilized soil in deformation under static PBT in the field and CBR in the laboratory was monitored and evaluated. It was noticed that polynomial correlation exists with high coefficient of determination between laboratory and field deformation for stabilized soil. It was observed that the deformation under CBR test decreased after implication of lime by (96 and 88) % for unsoaked and soaked testing conditions respectively. The deformation decreases by (92 and 85.6) % for unsoaked and soaked testing conditions respectively when emulsion was implemented. The deformation decreases by (91 and 88) % for unsoaked and soaked testing conditions respectively when combined stabilization was implemented. However, the deformation under PBT decreases by (75, 56, and 50) % for lime, emulsion, and combined stabilization processes respectively. It was concluded that testing condition (soaked or unsoaked) has no significant impact on the deformation of stabilized soil while it has a significant influence on the deformation of untreated soil under CBR test. On the other hand, the deformation of control soil shows no significant variation among field and laboratory testing in the model, however, the stabilized soil samples exhibit higher influence of field deformation on the polynomial models.
Influence of Additives on the Fatigue Life and Stiffness of Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Sarsam Saad I.
Published: October 2021

Implementation of additives to the asphalt binder can enhance the overall physical properties of the modified asphalt concrete. In the present assessment, an attempt has been made to use 2 % of silica fumes and 4 % of fly ash class F for modification of asphalt binder in wet process. Asphalt concrete wearing course mixtures have been prepared and compacted by roller in the laboratory. The beam specimens of 400 mm length and 50 mm height and 63 mm width were extracted from the slab samples. The specimens were subjected to the four-point repeated flexural bending beam test. The flexural stiffness was calculated under three constant micro strain levels of (250, 400, and 750). The fatigue life was monitored in terms the number of load repetitions to reach the required reduction in stiffness. It was concluded that the flexural stiffness increases by (11, and 15) %, (17.7, and 63.6) %, (57.2, and 65) % when 2% of silica fumes or 4 % of fly ash are implemented and the specimen’s practices 750, 400, and 250 microstrain levels respectively. However, the fatigue life of asphalt concrete beam specimens increases by (40, and 72.8) %, (115, and 220.6) %, (46, and 94.6) % when 2% of silica fumes or 4 % of fly ash are implemented and the specimen’s practices 750, 400, and 250 microstrain levels respectively. It is recommended to use modified binder with fly ash and silica fumes in asphalt concrete to enhance the fatigue life and stiffness.
Factors Contributing to Collaborative Game-Based Learning (CGBL) Effectiveness
Authors: Amran Aryanti , Jalil Habibah Ab , Muhamad Mokhtar , Nasharuddin Nurul Amelina
Published: October 2021

In facing the Covid-19 pandemic, the teaching and learning landscape in Malaysian schools has also changed accordingly. The Ministry of Education has introduced Teaching and Learning at Home to take over the previous methods. Conventional teaching methods are unfitting during the ‘new norm’. Therefore, teachers need to diversify their instructional strategies and search for various resources in the digital environment - learning in this mode should create a fun digital learning environment. Digital Game-based Learning (DGBL) is a teaching aid that is capable of promoting enjoyment in learning. This article focused on DGBL as a learning method in a collaborative environment called Collaborative Game-based Learning (CGBL). There is a shortage of insight on the factors that support DGBL’s efficiency in the digital environment, specifically in CGBL in educational settings. This article employed a systematic Thematic Review (TR) approach to synthesise the literature published from 2016 until 2021 on CGBL in the digital environment. A keyword search was conducted, followed by a filtering process using inclusion criteria from the Scopus, Lens, and Mendeley databases. The author identified 65 peer-reviewed journal papers. Only 34 articles were used to be reviewed after the inclusion and exclusion processes. A TR of these articles identified 95 initial codes, later grouped into 32 codes, and created ten categories from three themes. From the TR results, it is found that the factors contributing to CGBL effectiveness are learning environment, learning motivation and learning strategies. This work provides insight on various parties in considering the implementation of CGBL in Teaching and Learning at Home as one of the appropriate alternative resources and methods.
The Relationship Between Family Functioning and Religiosity on Readiness for Change Among Persons under Surveillance
Authors: Shahrom Siti Hazreen , Hassan Siti Aishah , Kamarudin Engku Mardiah Engku
Published: October 2021

There are numerous theoretical perspectives on addiction and the behavioural change processes during the transition from addiction to recovery. Although the precise nature of the relationship between religion and family function has not been discovered, it has been highlighted as a significant component in addiction. This study examines the relationship of family functioning and religiosity on the readiness for change among Persons under Surveillance (PuS). We randomly selected respondents (n = 85) of PuS in the National Anti-Drugs Agency (NADA), Jempol District, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, who participated in this study. Descriptive analysis was used to identify the level of family functionality, religiosity and readiness for change. Next, Pearson correlations were used to determine the relationship of family functionality to change and religiosity to the readiness for change. Findings showed a significant correlation (p = 0.00, p <0.05) between family functioning and readiness for change and it was a low positive correlation (r = +0.47). Moreover, findings showed a significant correlation (p = 0.01, p <0.05) between religiosity and readiness to change the relationship was a weak positive correlation (r = + 0.27). In conclusion, family functioning and religiosity are related to readiness for change. This relationship is significant for PuS in NADA Jempol to implement self-care and for the divisional staff involved in NADA Jempol to develop prevention and rehabilitation strategies to prepare PuS out of the drug problem.
Assimilation of the KWHL Model: A Review of Learning and Facilitation (LaF) of HOTS for Argumentative Essay Writing
Authors: Mokhtar Marzni Mohamed , Jamil Marni , Rahman Fadzilah Abd , Baki Roselan , Yaakub Rohizani , Amzah Fadzilah
Published: October 2021

It is a necessity for teachers to develop higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) into learning and facilitation (hereafter known as LaF) processes implemented in the classroom. Teachers should carefully balance the content of knowledge or knowledge they wish to convey and then integrate with other skills, especially HOTS. This research set out to examine the assimilation of HOTS into the LaF of argumentative essay writing as carried out by Malay language teachers in secondary schools. To obtain a holistic overview of the methods used by teachers in LaF, a qualitative case study approach was employed as the research design of this study. Two research participants were involved voluntarily in this study, and it was conducted at a boarding school in a district in Selangor, Malaysia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and classroom observations with the two participants. The findings revealed that the assimilation of the KWHL model for the LaF of HOTS argumentative essay writing could be seen through (i) the pair-think-share activity; and (ii) usage of self-assessment whiteboard.
Understanding and Readiness in Facing IR 4.0 Future Skills Transformation among UPM Trainee Counsellors
Authors: Balan Subash , Zainudin Zaida Nor , Jalil Habibah Ab
Published: October 2021

Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 refers to the integration of technology within a particular industry, which encompasses big data, data analytics, cloud computing, robots, artificial intelligence, as well as Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. This study aims to assess the understanding of trainee counsellors of IR4.0 future skills, and to investigate how trainee counsellors improve their overall understanding of IR4.0 and its readiness. The qualitative research design employed in this study involved semi-structured interviews. Four trainee counsellors were chosen through convenient sampling and interviewed in 15-20 minute sessions. The findings indicate that trainee counsellors have a strong grasp of IR4.0. The respondents acknowledged, however, that their comprehension of IR4.0 in connection with future counselling professions is only modest, owing to the institution’s lack of formal educational exposure. Consequently, the respondents’ readiness to face IR4.0 is dangerously low, with the majority expressing worry towards their adaptability in future career development. Finally, the study concluded that educational institutions are vital in teaching and equipping students to confront the global challenges presented by IR4.0. This study is important because it aids researchers to analyse information on the understanding, readiness, and effect of IR4.0 on future skills among trainee counsellors. Additionally, it helps educational institutions in recognising the essential role of IR4.0 adoption in teaching and learning, as well as the implementation of the necessary measures to increase the readiness for training counsellors in tackling IR4.0.
Teacher’s Teaching Practices in the Class of Mualaf (New Convert)
Authors: Suhid Asmawati , Fakhruddin Fathiyah Mohd , Abah Noreha Che , Rashed Zetty Nurzuliana , Ahmad Abd. Muhsin , Zaremohzzabieh Zeinab
Published: October 2021

Education is highly emphasized in Islam because it can guide people to live righteous life according to Islamic law. The same also applies to mualaf or converts, who should be provided with proper education and guidance to perform their duties as true Muslims. In Malaysia, an increasing number of individuals are embracing Islam as their way of life. They are given an education and need to attend classes to ensure that they understand and practice the teachings of Islam properly. Therefore, teachers play an important role in achieving this goal by applying interesting and effective teaching methods. This study was conducted to identify the perceptions of mualaf students on their teachers' teaching practices in the classroom to ensure that they understand and practice what they have learned in class, besides strengthening their faith and morals. A total of 124 mualaf students from two educational institutions in one of the states in Malaysia were involved in this study using quantitative methods. Questionnaires were used to collect data based on the objectives of the study. The results showed that students had a positive perception of the teaching methods used by their teachers. This study also discussed some of the problems faced by mualaf students in their learning process. Overall, the findings of the study indicated that most students have a positive view of their teachers’ teaching. The current findings are expected to provide input to relevant agencies and a guide to improving the quality of teaching for mualafs.
Changes in Diversity and Species Composition Across Multiple Assemblages in the eastern Chukchi Sea During Two Contrasting Years are Consistent with Borealization
Authors:   University of Alaska Fairbanks, Mueter Franz , Iken Katrin , Cooper Lee , Grebmeier Jacqueline , Kuletz Kathy , Hopcroft Russell , Danielson Seth , Collins Eric , Cushing Dan
Published: October 2021

The Arctic Marine Biodiversity Observing Network monitors biological assemblages on taxonomic scales ranging from microbes to seabirds on the northeast Chukchi Sea shelf to improve understanding of their responses to changing environmental conditions, including climate change. Here, we compare two years, 2015 and 2017, the latter characterized by a much larger spatial extent of warmer, more saline Pacific waters within the study region. These environmental differences were associated with changes in the taxonomic diversity and species composition of eight different assemblages. Impacts included decreases in the diversity and abundance of benthic species and increases in the diversity and abundance of zooplankton and demersal fish. These observations are consistent with the expected patterns of borealization, a term that describes changes from polar to more southern or boreal conditions and that have been observed on other Arctic inflow shelves where there is communication with the global ocean. A decoupling of the seabird assemblage from other assemblages in 2017 suggests that seabirds were unable to fully adjust to changing prey conditions in 2017. Pronounced differences in the taxonomic composition and a substantial decline in taxonomic diversity of bacteria and protists in 2017 remain unexplained but suggest that these microbes are highly susceptible to changing conditions. Continued warming of the Chukchi Sea will likely result in further borealization, with differential impacts on pelagic and benthic communities.
Association of Urban Liveability with Cancer Incidence in Iran: A Nationwide Ecological Study
Authors: Khorrami Zahra , Mirzai Moghadameh , Fadakar Davarani Mohammad Mehdi , Khanjani Narges
Published: October 2021

Background: Urban liveability is a multidimensional concept associated with many domains of human health. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the association between urban liveability and cancer incidence in Iran. Methods: The data of provincial-level urban liveability were obtained from reliable sources. The data of cancer incidence were inquired from the population-based cancer registry of the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education in 2016. Urban liveability scores were determined in all provinces of Iran by utilizing the global liveable city index (GLCI) method. Negative binomial Poisson regression was used to examine the relationship between urban liveability and cancer incidence. Results: Provinces with a higher urban liveability had a higher likelihood of cancer incidence. Higher economic score was significantly associated with higher incidence in colorectal (IRR = 1.49, P = 0.005), liver (IRR = 1.48, P = 0.002), leukemia (IRR = 1.39, P = 0.005), lung (IRR = 1.39, P = 0.039), breast (IRR = 1.38, P = 0.011), and prostate cancers (IRR = 2.11, P < 0.001). Also, provinces with higher environmental friendliness and sustainability had significantly more stomach (IRR = 1.53, P = 0.004), colorectal (1.79, P < 0.001), lung (IRR = 1.43, P = 0.014), and prostate (IRR = 1.50, P = 0.032) cancer incidence. Provinces with higher political governance had significantly more breast cancer (IRR = 1.34, P = 0.002) and leukemia (IRR = 1.30, P = 0.016) incidence rates. Conclusions: Along with the development of urban liveability, the incidence of cancers is increasing in Iran. Cancer control strategies should be implemented especially in settings with higher urbanization.
Discourse Ethics and the Intergenerational Chain of Concern
Authors: Fritsch Matthias ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

This paper addresses the question of what discourse ethics might have to contribute to increasingly urgent issues in intergenerational justice. Discourse ethics and deliberative democracy are often accused of neglecting the issue, or, even worse, of an inherently presentist bias that disregards future generations. The few forays into the topic mostly seek to extend to future people the “all affected principle” according to which only those norms are just to which all affected can rationally consent. However, this strategy conflicts with core commitments of discursive ethics, as it renders agreement hypothetical and discursive participation virtual. I will attempt a supplementary route toward a connection between discourse ethics and intergenerational justice. Discourse ethics must be concerned, in what Habermas calls the symbolic reproduction of the lifeworld, with the emergence of rational minds capable of assessing reasons for proposed norms and policies, and such emergence is an intrinsically intergenerational affair. Symbolic reproduction links overlapping and non-overlapping generations in what has been elaborated as a chain-of-concern model, which I show to be linked to forms of indirect reciprocity among more than two parties. I conclude by discussing some consequences of this model for the all affected principle when viewed as specifically applied to future generations.
Sobre a Natureza das Proposições Silogísticas em Aristóteles
Authors: Mesquita António Pedro ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

The aim of this paper is to clarify and support the following hypothesis: the four propositional forms of Aristotelian syllogistics (AaB, AeB, AiB, AoB) state relations between universals, or are primarily conceptual. We characterize as “conceptual” those propositions which deal only with concepts and ignore any reference to objects. In a conceptual proposition, therefore, the reference is tacitly present in the simple occurrence of the terms, but is neutralised or cancelled out, because it is only the intension of these terms, that is, the concepts, which are dealt with in the proposition. On the other hand, we characterize as “objectual” those propositions (whether extensional or intensional in modem terms) which deal directly or indirectly of objects, even when, as it is often the case, a concept has to be assumed in the determination of these objects. In the present paper we try to confirm this hypothesis, by answering the following questions: (i) how to interpret the kind of predication present in each type of syllogistic proposition; (ii) if these predications really express relations between universals in the given sense and, therefore, if the propositions that express them are conceptual propositions in this sense; and to what measure can these propositions serve to introduce, also, objectual propositions.
Leibniz e a Teodicéia
Authors: Alves de Aquino Jefferson ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Leibniz rédige sa Théodicée afin de répondre au cepticisme presenté par Pierre Bayle, dans son Dictionnaire historique et critique, à propos de la légitimité des réponses de la philosophie, d’un côté au problème essentiel de la liberté humaine et son incompatibilité avec l’omnipotence et l’omniscience divines, et de l’autre côté à l’inadéquation entre une bonté suprême en Dieu et l’existence du mal. En même temps que Leibniz essaie de donner des réponses à ses contemporains Spinoza et Hobbes, il reprend et actualise des thèses augustiniennes déjà acceptées par la tradition théologique chrétienne.
Hermenêutica e Materialismo Histórico na Encruzilhada da História
Authors: Davi Amon Pinho ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

This paper intends to approach Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutical view of history to Walter Benjamin’s dialectical concept of it, choosing, as a contrasting point of view, historicism, which overlaps fact by comprehension on behalf of a so-called scientific neutrality. To the impossibility of ignoring the “being-there” of the historian, peculiar to gadamerian hermeneutics, Benjamin adds both the presuppositions of historical materialism and the concept of time present in Jewish-Christian theology and Jewish mystics, turning History into science and remembrance, conservation and redemption.
Kant e a Ideia de Uma Poética da Natureza
Authors: dos Santos Leonel Ribeiro ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Notre propos c’est de méditer le rapport reversible d’analogie qui, d’après la Critique du Jugement de Kant, on doit supposer entre l’art et la nature (entre l’esthétique et la téléologie), et de voir en quel sens cette idée, si blâmée par Schopenhauer comme appréciée par Goethe, peut encore donner à penser autrement les problèmes qui pose la conscience é cologique contemporaine, dans la mesure où elle nous dévoile une relation de l’homme vis-à-vis de la nature qui n’est plus seulement de maîtrise et de possession, mais plutôt d’admiration profonde et de respect gracieux. Seront thèmes majeures de notre exposition la notion kantienne d’une “technique de la nature” (qu’on propose de traduire par “poétique de la nature”) et surtout le rôle qui joue l’expérience esthétique (du beau et du sublime) de la nature dans l’économie de l’esthétique kantienne et dans l’architectonique même de la troisième Critique.
Organismo e Arte na Filosofia de Nietzsche
Authors: Araldi Clademir Luís ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

This article aims at analyzing the relations between art and organism in Nietzsche’s thought, having as its guiding line the attempt to build a new interpretation of the nature, beyond the ancient and modern teleological models. Using Nietzsche’s critique to Kant’s and Espinosas’s models of organism, it is questioned if the creation of artistic matrix expresses the effective relations of power in the world, or if it is a manifestation of the will to power, while being human will for illusion.
Paisagem e Complexidade Ecológica
Authors: Cardoso Andreia Saavedra ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

The approach to landscape complexity, elapses from the interpretation of its visible face while constellation of objective signs, which landscape architecture engages to code, inferring the action of the systemic processes as the result of the actualization of patterns or changeable configurations of existing relations between the mosaic of ecosystems, that in its relation to socio-cultural Systems have a particular expression on landscape structure. The present article clears the need of landscape narratives generated by its complexity, approaching the concept of evolutions by instability, implied on the self-organizing-systems theory due to the high connection between spatial and temporal scales, that characterize the complex interactions and the determinism-indeterminism involved in its autopoietic behaviour, causing the need of environmental narratives.
O Jardim da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian
Authors: Carapinha Aurora ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

This article introduces the Gulbenkian garden as an example of the idea of Garden in Portuguese Culture. Though the Gulbenkian garden was designed in the sixties and influenced by the modern movement the study of the ideas and of the all process of design reveals that this garden exceeds dogmatic principies of the modern garden. The garden is much more a framework where light, water, vegetation were designed by their materiality and their temporality than a product of artistic mediation. The reasons of this approach to the landscape design are cultural ones. Above all an aristotelic Nature’s idea and the sense of fraternity with Nature that we may find in our culture.
Sentimento da Natureza e Imagem do Homem
Authors: Veríssimo Serrão Adriana ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

L’article propose une lecture anthropologique du sentiment de la nature chez Kant, Feuerbach et Simmel. Ayant toujours ses racines dans un exercice de la sensibilité d’un sujet en même temps autoréférentiel et ouvert au monde, le sentiment de la nature exprime l’unité indivisible de l’humain. Étant, par contre, modélé par les différentes manifestations de la nature et prenant des formes divergentes, soit l’harmonie et la continuité, soit le conflit et la distance, c’est l’ambivalence de la nature humaine qui se révèle, aussi bien que la difficulté d’une Anthropologie comme théorie globale de l’Homme.
Anotações Sobre a Metafísica Dohna (1792/1793)
Authors: Bonaccini Juan A. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

A famous scholar (Höffe 2005:11) remembered recently an old and well known thesis, which is generally accepted by Kantians and historians of philosophy. According to it Kant, as was of use at his time, did not teach his own philosophy. This is not the evidence, however, when we examine the Dohna-Wundlacken Lectures on Metaphysics, which Kant presented in the 1792-93 winter semester. If we take as base for analysis the text of the course transcribed by Count Heinrich L. A. zu Dohna-Wundlacken, a sharp and young Student, and Baumgarten’s Metaphysica (that Kant apparently discusses and comments in his lessons), we will see that the situation is totally different. In order to make it clear, we discuss first Kant’s criticism to the Wolffian concept of Metaphysics and present some aspects of the new concept of Metaphysics proposed by Kant in the abovementioned text. Second, we point out how Kant did make use of theses and arguments already defended in the first Critique, thus dislocating the focus of his examination from an apparent commentary to Baumgarten’s text to the exposition of his own philosophy. Finally, we try to evaluate to what extent Kant’s concept of Metaphysics defended in this Lectures do remain faithful to the teachings of the critical philosophy.
Delfim Santos e Henri Bergson: Proximidade e Divergências
Authors: Carvalho Magda Costa ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Delfim Santos foi um dos mais destacados discípulos de Leonardo Coimbra e, nesse contexto, teve ao seu dispor um ambiente especulativo propício ao contacto precoce com a filosofia de Henri Bergson. Na sequência do encontro que teve com o filósofo francês, em Paris no ano de 1935, Delfim Santos contribuiu de form a decisiva para a aproximação de uma determinada facção do pensamento português da época à filosofia de Bergson. Ainda que tenha posteriormente construído a sua própria perspectiva filosófica em estreita ligação com o pensamento alemão contemporâneo, em especial sob a influência de nomes como Heidegger ou Hartmann, os primeiros escritos de Delfim Santos deixam bem clara uma aproximação especulativa a determinadas orientações bergsonianas. Contudo, já no final da sua vida - abruptamente interrompida - , as referências a Bergson surgem a propósito da filosofia de Leonardo Coimbra e visam fundamentalmente acentuar o que para Delfim Santos constituía o antibergsonismo do antigo Mestre português.
A Humanidade na Animalidade: Kant e a Antropologia do Bem e do Mal
Authors: Sardinha Diogo ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

A pergunta «o que é o homem?» deve começar por responder-se que ele é apenas o nome de um espaço. A configuração deste espaço, isto é os limites que o definem e as linhas que desenham territórios no seu interior, muda com o tempo. De tal modo que a história do homem, filosoficamente compreendido, pode ser contada a partir do estudo de diferentes configurações problemáticas. Impossível é responder definitivamente à pergunta pela essência do homem. O nominalismo espácio-antropológico é aqui desenvolvido com o auxílio da perspectiva kantiana, segundo a qual o homem está dividido entre uma disposição para o bem e uma inclinação pelo mal. Esta coincide com a animalidade, ao passo que aquela se confunde com a humanidade. Tal concepção permite explorar três temas importantes: primeiro, o de uma antropologia da violência, que consiste no estudo da força que deve ser exercida por certos homens (os educadores) para amansar os outros. O segundo problema é o da natureza da pergunta «que é o homem?», tratada aqui sob um triplo aspecto: do ponto de vista pragmático, definir o homem é saber a um tempo o que ele faz, o que pode fazer e o que deve fazer de si mesmo. Enfim, terceiro problema, o da passagem do eu nas perguntas «que posso saber?», «que devo fazer?» e «que me é permitido esperar?» ao homem, na quarta pergunta. No tratamento destes temas, a solução nominalista substitui a procura de uma essência por um trabalho sobre a identidade e a subjectividade.
O Direito Frente ao Mal Radical
Authors: Braz Adelino ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

A questão do mal radical em Kant não se limita à noção do indivíduo. Bem pelo contrário, as raízes do mal manifestam-se nas relações entre os seres humanos, justificando a necessidade e os limites do direito. Assim sendo, a hipérbole kantiana do povo de demónios mostra como a legislação jurídica neutraliza o mal a nível exterior sem ser capaz de erradicá-lo a nível interior. No entanto, trata-se aqui de constituir o direito unicamente como um meio de progresso, ou seja como uma condição de possibilidade de uma comunidade ético-civil.
A Crítica de Kant a Hobbes em Teoria e Prática
Authors: Pavão Aguinaldo ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Na segunda parte de TP, intitulada “Da relação da teoria à prática no direito político (contra Hobbes)”, Kant faz referência ao capítulo VII, § 14 de Do Cidadão. De acordo com Kant, Hobbes somente estaria certo se reconhecesse que a injustiça implica o reconhecimento ao lesado de um direito de constrangimento. Mas Kant entende que Hobbes toma a noção de injúria, ou injustiça, na sua generalidade, quer dizer, ele não procederia, segundo Kant, a nenhuma restrição conceituai capaz de acomodar esses conceitos à ideia de direitos inamissíveis (unverlierbaren Rechte), dentre os quais se destaca, para Kant, o direito do súdito fazer uso público da razão. Todavia, Hobbes, ao distinguir entre injustiça e iniqüidade permite que se pense numa restrição do conceito de injúria ou injustiça. Hobbes sustenta que, embora o poder supremo não cometa injúria contra ninguém, ele pode sim cometer iniqüidade. A meu ver, Hobbes aceitaria sem nenhum problema que quem sofre injúria tem um direito de constrangimento em relação ao causador da injúria, o que não é o caso da relação soberano-súdito, mas sim da relação súdito-súdito. Com base nessas considerações, o artigo tem como objetivo ponderar a procedência da crítica de Kant a Hobbes em TP II.
Evolución, Rupturas y Contramarchas en el Constructivismo Kantiano de John Rawls
Authors: Fraga Fernando Aranda ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Starting in a paper where he defines his constructivist notion of morality (1980), Rawls begins - at least explicitly - to grow apart from Kant, one of his major mentors up to the moment, especially regarding that first original support given in A Theory of Justice. At the same time, he reveals himself as sympathizing with the political philosophy of John Dewey. In order to accomplish this microproject where he makes explicit the changes affecting his theory, he resorts to a reasoning based on the supposedly variants that, according to Rawls, are present in constructivism. Out of this new version of moral constructivism, he begins drifting apart from the rigorous Kantianism the first community voices had began to criticize in him in the 70’s.