bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessment
Authors: Amouei Abdoliman , Fallah Hourieh , Asgharnia Hosseinali , Mousapour Abbas , Parsian Hadi , Hajiahmadi Mahmoud , Khalilpour Asieh , Tabarinia Hajar
Published: April 2020

Background: Nowadays, uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture is one of the reasons for the entry of heavy metals into the environment. In this study, the heavy metals contamination of the soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and its ecological risk assessment were evaluated. Methods: In this study, 108 soil samples were collected from agricultural soils of some places of Babol in Mazandaran province. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (PG-990) was used to determine the concentrations of lead, cadmium, and zinc in the soil samples. The assessment of soil contamination was performed by the contamination factor, degree of contamination indices, and the potential ecological risk of the heavy metals. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive and chi-square tests were used to compare the mean with existing standards. Significant level was considered at P<0.05. Results: The highest lead concentration (35.7 ± 9.5 mg/kg) was observed at 5-cm depth, and the maximum cadmium (1.1 ± 0.2 mg/kg) and zinc (88 ± 22.6 mg/kg) concentrations were observed at 15-cm depth. The results showed that lead, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in the agricultural soils enriched with compost fertilizers were acceptable, but agricultural soils enriched with chemical fertilizers indicated higher content than those enriched with compost fertilizers and higher than the maximum allowable concentration. The maximum contamination degree, pollution index, and potential ecological risk in the agricultural soils enriched with the chemical fertilizers were 15.77, 1.97, and 293.48, respectively, and these soils had low potential pollution and moderate ecological risks. Conclusion: According to the results, it is necessary to use compost fertilizers for the agricultural soils enrichment.
The effect of organic chelates and gibberellic acid on petroleum hydrocarbons degradation in the soil co-contaminated with Ni and crude oil under canola cultivation
Authors: Baghaie Amir Hossein , Daliri Amir
Published: April 2020

Background: Soil remediation is one the important problem in environmental studies. Thus, this research was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic chelates and gibberellic acid (GA3 ) on the degradation of crude oil in the soil co-contaminated with Ni and crude oil under canola cultivation. Methods: For treatments, HEDTA and NTA chelates at rates of 0 and 2.5 mmol/kg soil and foliar GA3 (0 (GA3 (-) and 0.05 (GA3 (+) mM) were used. In addition, the soil was polluted with Ni (0 and 100 mg Ni/kg soil) and crude oil at rates of 0, 2, and 4% (W/W). The plant used in this experiment was canola. The concentration of Ni in soil and plant was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) was measured using GC-mass. The mean differences were calculated according to the least significant difference (LSD) test. Results: The greatest degradation of crude oil belonged to the non-Ni-polluted soil under cultivation of GA3 -treated plant, while the lowest one was observed in the soil received the greatest level of HEDTA and NTA chelates. Applying 0.05 mM GA3 foliar significantly increased the degradation of crude oil in soil and Ni in plant shoot by 12.1 and 8.3%, respectively. In addition, soil microbial respiration was also increased by 11.3%. Conclusion: HEDTA, NTA, and GA3 had a significant effect on the Ni phytoremediation efficiency and degradation of crude oil in soil that is a positive point in environmental pollution. However, the role of soil physico-chemical properties on the phytoremediation efficiency cannot be ignored.
Bioremediation of phenanthrene-polluted soil using Bacillus kochii AHV-KH14 as a halo-tolerant strain isolated from compost
Authors: Feizi Rozhan , Jorfi Sahand , Takdastan Afshin
Published: April 2020

Background: Phenanthrene (PHE) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with crystalline structure of C14H10, which was produced from incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons and fossil fuels and can cause harmful biological effects. Bioremediation using halophilic bacteria is payed attention over chemical methods due to considerable benefits. Methods: In the present study, a halo-tolerant bacterium Bacillus kochii strain AHV-KH14 was isolated from municipal compost, and used for the bioremediation of PHE from the contaminated soil. The effects of operational parameters including soil/water ratio, initial inoculum size, PHE concentration, and salinity on the bioremediation performance were investigated. Results: A biodegradation efficiency of about to 98% was obtained for PHE concentration of 50 mg/ kg and salinity level of 1.5%. By increasing salinity content PHE concentration, PHE biodegradation rate decreased significantly. It was found that the bioremediation efficiency decreased with increasing PHE concentration. It was also revealed that for the unwashed soil sample, cumulative concentrations of different hydrocarbons played an important role in decreasing the efficiency of bioremediation. Conclusion: A natural hydrocarbon-contaminated soil sample with total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of 2350 mg/kg was subjected to bioremediation using the selected conditions of operational parameters, and a biodegradation rate of 17.7% was obtained.
Photocatalytic removal of xylene as a pollutant in the air using ZnO-activated carbon, TiO2 -activated carbon, and TiO2 /ZnOactivated carbon nanocomposites
Authors: Rangkooy Hossein Ali , Jahani Fereshteh , Siahi Ahangar Atefeh
Published: April 2020

Background: Today, advances in different areas of science and technology along with their application in industries have led to an increase in dangerous pollutants which can resist biodegradation. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are regarded as important factors of air pollution in closed environments. Xylene is one of these compounds which is produced in mass quantities and widely used in industries, therefore, the removal of this compound is necessary. One of the available technologies for removing this compound is photocatalytic degradation. The present study aimed to determine the efficiency of photocatalytic removal of xylene as a pollutant in air using TiO2 -ZnO nanoparticles and TiO2 -ZnO composite coated on activated carbon under ultraviolet radiation. Methods: In this experimental study, after coating of the nanoparticles on activated carbon, the produced catalysts with a specific surface area were characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and porosity analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the type and percentage of the main elements present in the bed were determined using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The tests were carried out at laboratory scale and ambient temperature. In order to produce polluted air containing 100 ppm xylene vapor at a specific flow rate and concentration, a dynamic concentrator system was used. The removal of xylene was investigated under continuous flow mode. Results: The results of the specific surface area using BET analysis and SEM images showed that nanoparticles were well coated on activated carbon. According to the results of the photocatalytic removal, the efficiencies of photocatalytic removal of xylene by AC/ZnO 5%, AC/TiO2 15%, and AC/3TiO2 /1ZnO were 80.1, 89, and 95.1%, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, the use of ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposite on activated carbon can be an appropriate method for the photocatalytic removal of xylene from polluted air.
Effect of coagulation and sonication on the dissolved air flotation (DAF) process for thickening of biological sludge in wastewater treatment
Authors: Atamaleki Ali , Miranzadeh Mohammad Bagher , Mostafaii Gholam Reza , Akbari Hosein , Iranshahi Leila , Ghanbari Farshid , Salem Atieh
Published: April 2020

Background: Dissolved air floatation (DAF) is one of the methods has been used for the sludge thickening in wastewater treatment plants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of coagulation and sonication processes as additional configurations on the efficiency of a lab-scale DAF process for thickening of the biological sludge of an industrial wastewater treatment plant in Kashan, Iran. Methods: The required amounts of sludge samples were collected from a wastewater treatment plant and kept at temperature of 4°C. Variables, such as pressure (3, 5, and 7 atm), flotation time (5 and 10 minutes), ultrasonic irradiation power (0, 75, and 150 W), and presence/absence of Fe-based coagulant were considered on a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) included coagulation, flotation, and sonication processes, respectively. Results: The use of ultrasonic waves led to an insignificant increase in the DAF efficiency (P>0.05), however, the application of coagulant significantly increased the thickening efficiency (P<0.05). The maximum efficiency of the process was achieved at flotation time of 5 min, pressure of 3 atm, and sonication power of 75 W. Conclusion: According to the results, DAF has a proper efficiency for thickening of biological sludge. Coagulation compared to sonication has a greater effect on the efficiency of the process.
Comparing cardiac troponin levels using sevoflurane and isofluranein patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a systematic review and metaanalysis
Authors: Hosseinifard Hossein , Ghadimi Nashmil , Kaveh Sara , Shabaninejad Hossein , Lijassi Alaadine , Azarfarin Rasoul
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Cardiac troponin is one of the heart biomarkers and its high levels correlates with a high risk of cardiomyocytes damage. This study aimed to compare sevoflurane and isoflurane effect on troponin levels in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
 Methods: We systematically searched for RCTs which had been published in Cochrane library, PubMed, Web of science, CRD, Scopus, and Google Scholar by the end of February 30th, 2019. The quality of articles was evaluated with the Cochrane checklist. GRADE was used for quality of evidence for this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was done based on random or fixed effect model.
 Results: Five studies with total of 190 (sevoflurane) and 191 (isoflurane) patients were included. The results showed that pooled mean difference of troponin levels between the two groups was significant at ICU admission time and 24 hours after entering. The comparison of troponin level changes between the two groups (baseline = at time ICU) in 24 and 48 hours after ICU admission was significant.
 Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that blood troponin levels were significantly lower at the time of arrival in ICU with isoflurane and after 24 hours with sevoflurane. Generally, given the small mean difference between isoflurane and sevoflurane, it seems that none of the medications has a negative effect on the cardiac troponin level.
Biventricular reverse remodeling and relationship with mitralvalve prolapse after transcatheter closure of ASD secundum, a 3Dechocardiographic study
Authors: El-Sisi Amal , Dabour Shaheen , Fattouh Aya M , Assar Effat , Naguib Rasha , AbdelMassih Antoine Fakhry
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common anomaly of the mitral valve. Several studies have shown prevalence of MVP in atrial septal defect (ASD) especially secundum types (II). The aims of this study is to show the potential role of 3D echocardiography in improving the diagnosis of MVP and to depict the relationship between reverse remodeling of the right and left ventricles (RV, LV) and MVP after transcatheter closure of ASD II.
 Methods: Sixty patients underwent transcatheter closure of ASD II and completed follow up by 2D and 3D echocardiography in Cairo University Children Hospital before the procedure and at 24 hours, 1 and 6 months after the procedure.
 Results: 3D echocardiography was more accurate than 2D echocardiography in detecting MVP frequency in ASD II patients (75% vs. 50%). Maximum statistically significant remodeling was detected by 3D echocardiography 1 month after the procedure (RV: LV ratio by 3D echocardiography 1.9±0.03 24 hours after the procedure vs. 1.6±0.03 1 months after the procedure, P <0.01) while 2D echocardiography was delayed in detecting biventricular reverse remodeling. 3D derived RV: LV ratio was accurate in detecting MVP status with a sensitivity of 88%.
 Conclusion: MVP in ASD II may be related to Biventricular remodeling; 3D echocardiography is accurate in the detection of reverse remodeling as well as MVP in ASD II patients before and after device closure.
Agreement between Framingham, IraPEN and non-laboratory WHO-EMR risk score calculators for cardiovascular risk prediction in a large Iranian population
Authors: Mirzaei Mohsen , Mirzaei Masoud
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Estimation of the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), may lead to prophylactic therapies. This study aims to compare and evaluate the agreement between CVD prediction of Iran Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease (IraPEN) and Framingham risk score (FRS).
 Methods: All 40-79 years old participants in the Yazd Health Study who did not have a history of CVD were included. The 10-years risk of CVD was estimated by the laboratory (IraPEN), non-laboratory WHO-EMR B and FRS. The risk was classified into low, moderate and high-risk groups. Cohen’s weighted kappa statistics were used to assess agreement between tools. To assess discrepancies McNemar’s χ2 test for paired data was used. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
 Results: In total, 2103 participant was included and the risk scores were calculated. Of them, 26.5% were stratified as high risk by FRS, compared with 6.1% by IraPEN. A slight agreement (37.9%) was observed (kappa 0.17, P < 0.0001), in other words. This discrepancy between IraPEN vs. FRS was seen in both sexes (P < 0.0001), although in women the agreement ratio was higher (52.1% vs. 21.3%). The discrepancy between FRS and IraPEN in categorizing people at risk of CVD was 55.5%, (P < 0.0001) but this was not significant between IraPEN and non-laboratory WHO-EMR-B (World Health Organization - Eastern Mediterranean Regional-B group countries) score (P < 0.523; discrepancies, 5.8%).
 Conclusion: Our study shows a slight agreement between various CVD risk scores. Thus, reviewing the IraPEN and using alternative tools for the low-risk group should be considered by decision-makers. It is important to use a more reliable score for nation-wide risk assessment.
Association between dietary inflammatory index and components of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Ghorabi Sima , Esteghamati Alireza , Azam Kamal , Daneshzad Elnaz , Sadeghi Omid , Salari-Moghaddam Asma , Azadbakht Leila , Djafarian Kurosh
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Limited data are available on the association of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. The present study was conducted to investigate the association of DII with MetS and its components among Iranian adults.
 Methods: A total of 404 subjects, aged 18 years or older, were included in the current cross-sectional study. We used a validated and reliable 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary intakes. Fasting blood sample was obtained to quantify glycemic indicators and lipid profile. MetS was defined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III).
 Results: Mean age of study participants was 38.20 ± 9.55 years. No significant association was found between DII and odds of MetS (odds ratio [OR]: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.48-1.76). In terms of MetS components, a significant positive association was seen between DII scores and reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.32-3.97); such that after controlling for energy intake, demographic variables and BMI, participants in the highest category of DII had 2.71 times greater odds for having reduced levels of HDL-C (OR: 2.71, 95% CIs: 1.34, 5.47). There was no other significant association between other components of MetS and DII scores either before or after adjusting for confounding variables.
 Conclusion: We observed no significant association between DII and odds of MetS. However, higher score of DII was associated with lower levels of HDL.
Protective effect of bacterial lipase on lipopolysaccharide-induced toxicity in rat cardiomyocytes; H9C2 cell line
Authors: Mamipour Mina , Yousefi Mohammadreza , Dehnad Alireza , Faridvand Yousef , Zarezadeh Reza , Khaksar Majid , Pouyafar Ayda , Rahbarghazi Reza
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Cardiovascular system is highly sensitive to LPS-induced oxidative damage. This study aimed to show the inhibitory effect of bacterial Lipase on LPS-induced cardiomyoblasts toxicity.
 Methods: Rat cardiomyoblasts H9C2 were classified into Control, LPS (cells received 0.1, 1 and 10 μg/mL LPS) and LPS+ Lipase groups. In LPS+Lipase group, different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide were pre-incubated with 5 mg/mL bacterial lipase at 37˚C overnight prior to cell treatment. After 72 hours, cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. The expression of key genes related to toll-like receptor signaling pathways was assessed by real-time PCR assay. Percentage of fatty acids was evaluated in each group using gas chromatography assay. The levels of NO was also measured using the Griess reaction.
 Results: Data showed H9C2 cells viability was decreased after exposure to LPS in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Incubation of LPS with lipase increased cell survival rate and closed to near-to-control levels (P < 0.05). Lipase had the potential to blunt the increased expression of IRAK and NF-κB in cells after exposure to the LPS. Compared to the LPS group, lipase attenuated the increased level of NO-induced by LPS (P < 0.05). Gas chromatography analysis showed the reduction of saturated fatty acids in cells from LPS group while the activity of lipase prohibited impact of LPS on cell fatty acid composition. LPS decreased the ability of cardiomyoblasts to form colonies. Incubation of LPS with lipase enhanced clonogenic capacity.
 Conclusion: Reduction in lipopolysaccharide-induced cytotoxicity is possibly related to lipase activity and reduction of modified lipopolysaccharide with toll-like receptor.
Prognostic value of platelet indices in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Ghaffari Samad , Parvizian Nashmil , Pourafkari Leili , Separham Ahmad , Hajizadeh Reza , Nader Nader D , Javanshir Elnaz , Sepehrvand Nariman , Tajlil Arezou , Nasiri Babak
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Given the role of platelets in thrombus formation, markers of platelet activation may be able to predict outcomes in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 492 patients with acute PTE were enrolled. Patients were evaluated for platelet indices including mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet-lymphocyte-ratio (PLR), as well as for the simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) risk score. The primary endpoint was in-hospital all-cause mortality. Major adverse cardiopulmonary events (MACPE, composite of mortality, thrombolysis, mechanical ventilation and surgical embolectomy during index hospitalization) and all-cause death during follow-up were secondary endpoints.
 Results: MPV, PDW and PLR were 9.9±1.0 fl, 13.5±6.1%, and 14.7±14.5, respectively, in the total cohort. Whilst MPV was higher in those with adverse events (10.1±1.0 vs 9.9±1.0 fl; P = 0.019), PDW and PLR were not different between two groups. MPV with a cut-off point of 9.85 fl had a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 50% in predicting in-hospital mortality, but it had lower performance in predicting MACPE (Area under the curve: AUC 0.58; 95%CI 0.52-0.63) or long-term mortality (AUC 0.54; 95% CI 0.47-0.61). The AUC for all these three markers were lower than the AUC calculated for the simplified PESI score (0.80; 0.71-0.88).
 Conclusion: Platelet indices had only fair-to-good predictive performance in predicting in-hospital all-cause death. Established PTE risk scoring models such as simplified PESI outperform these indices in predicting adverse outcomes.
ST elevation myocardial infarction during head-up tilt testing
Authors: Simonetto Faganello Lucas , Pimentel Mauricio , Arbo Magalhães Ana Paula , Ioschpe Zimerman Leandro
Published: April 2020

We report a case of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during head-up tilt testing (HUTT). A 54-year-old man was admitted to our emergency department after four episodes of syncope. Treadmill test and electrophysiological study were normal. During passive HUTT, the patient had inferolateral ST elevation. Coronary angiography showed two severe lesions in the right coronary artery and circumflex artery.
Long-term functioning of kidney grafts
Authors: Nikonenko T. N. , Trailin A. V. , Nepomnyashchy V. N. , Fen S. V. , Vildanov S. R. , Rusanov I. R. , Nikonenko A. S.
Published: April 2020

Purpose of the study. to study the morphological changes of long-functioning kidney transplants and determine the main causes of transplant dysfunction.

Materials and methods. A total of 52 recipients aged 20 to 70 years were analyzed retrospectively at different times after transplant surgery (5 to 22 years).Morphological changes in the kidney transplant are comparable according to light microscopy. The morphological changes in the graft were studied in the initial and long-term period. Morphological studies were conducted in monitoring mode.

Results. In the early period after transplantation, ischemic injuries, primary graft function, and episodes of acute rejection were taken into account. In the distant period, morphological changes were evaluated in accordance with the recommendations of the Banff-classification.

When analyzing long-term results, antigendependent (immune) and antigen-independent (visible) factors that affect the renal transplant are distinguished. The main clinical and laboratory indicators of allografts dysfunction are increased creatinine and proteinuria.

In antigen-dependent forms (cellular, humoral and mixed rejection), humoral rejection is the most common (25%) allografts dysfunction.

Antigen-independent forms of dysfunction (streptococcal infection 25%, inflammatory diseases 19,2%, recurrent pathology 3,8%, signs of cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in combination with other forms was found in 59,2%, nephrosclerosis 65,4%).

Conclusions. The data obtained suggest that antigen-dependent (immune) factors, and in particular humoral rejection, are the most common cause of allografts dysfunction, and antigenindependent factors contribute to the progression of chronic rejection and the development of nephrosclerosis.
The effect of nanoscale biodegradable polymer film on the healing of cut wounds of the skin of complicated Psevdomonas auregenosa (Experimental research)
Authors: Popadyuk O. Y. , Genyk S. M. , Kuzyk R. V. , Kostyuk V. V.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Effect of the biodegradable polymer film saturated with zinc nanoxide and hydrated C60 fullerene on the healing of skin cut wounds complicated Pseudomonas aeruginosa are study.

Materials and methods. The studies were performed on 35 Guinea pigs in vivarium of IvanoFrankivsk National Medical University.

The animals were divided into three groups: group I (10 animals) the wounds were treated without the use of films; group II (10 animals) – the covering material for Curasorb Zn wounds was used; group III (10 animals) –the biodegradable polymer film with C60 fullerene and zinc nanoxide (nZnO – particle size of 30 nm) was used.

The simulated skin cut wounds were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and investigated wound healed at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days using a Curasorb Zn film and a biodegradable polymer film with C60 fullerene and zinc nanoxide. The area of the wounds was measured, the microbiological examination of the wound content and pathomorphological evaluation of the wound tissues.

Results. Wounds area in animals of group II to the 3-rd day increased slightly by 8,9 mm2, and wounds area animals of group III decreased by 44,8 mm2, indicating the therapeutic effect and sorption capacity of the film from the first days of treatment.

Curasorb Zn films reduced the bacterial pathogen by two orders and the nanooxide film reduced the bacterial level to non-pathogenic levels of magnitude by 3 orders of magnitude by day 3. The bacterial level remained high in the film-free group (group I).

Conclusion. The polymer film saturated with zinc nanooxide and hydrated C60 fullerene has a high local wound healing effect, antimicrobial activity, which improves the effectiveness of local treatment of purulent wounds and reduce the healing time.
CURRENT STATE OF CT/MRI SPINAL CANAL STENOSIS DIAGNOSIS AT THE LUMBOSACRAL LEVEL (REVIEW)
Authors: Sementsov A. S. , Ponomarenko V. V.
Published: April 2020

Issues of epidemiology, classification and radiological signs of the spinal stenosis in this review are present. Modern European criteria for spinal stenosis and radicular openings can improve the diagnosis of the condition of the spinal cord and roots; clarify the criteria for indications for surgical treatment.
Dynamics analysis of the reasons for disability among population of Zaporizhzhia region at 2013–2018
Authors: Lashkul Z. V. , Chemirisov V. V. , Kurochka V. L. , Mashikhina I. V. , Poliakov G. L.
Published: April 2020

Purpose of the study. To study the dynamics of the main causes of disability among the population of Zaporizhzhia region for 2013– 2018.

Materials and methods. The materials of the study were statistical reports of medical and social expert commissions of Zaporizhzhia Region Center for Medical and Social Expertise for 2013–2018.

Statistical data processing was performed with calculations of intensive indicators for 10 thousand of the total population and for 10 thousand of adult population of Zaporizhzhya region. Statistical processing of the study materials was using computer programs of the STATISTICA package (StatSoft Statistica v. 6.0).

Results. The disability indicator can be considered as a reflection of the success of society, social protection and the level and quality of public health.

The article analyzes the dynamics of causes of disability among the population of Zaporizhzhia region for 2013–2018 according to the annual reports of medical and social expert commissions. We conducted an analysis of the causes of disability among the population of Zaporizhzhia region for 2013–2018.

The main causes of disability are: general illness; disability since childhood; industrial accident (occupational injury or other damage to health); occupational disease; diseases associated with exposure to radioactive radiation due to the Chornobyl disaster; injuries, injuries, injuries, illnesses in the military.

Conclusions. The most common cause of disability is «common disease», which is established in the absence of grounds (evidence) for recognizing the presence of any other cause.

In recent years, the population of Zaporizhzhia region has seen a gradual increase in primary disability due to general illness, work injury and among military personnel. At the same time, there is a tendency to decrease primary childhood disability and occupational diseases.

During the indicated period (2013–2018), there has been a slight fluctuation in the disability indicators due to the Chornobyl disaster, both downward and upward, with an overall trend towards stability.
FINANCIAL INSURANCE FOR ENTERPRISES – ANALYSIS OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY
Authors: Wicka Aleksandra
Published: April 2020

The aim of the article is to assess changes in the enterprises’ demand for financial insurance. The analysis covered expenses incurred by business entities on purchase thereof and supply by the entity. Data used in the study came from secondary sources published in studies by the Polish Financial Supervision Authority (KNF), the Polish Chamber of Insurance (PIU) and the Central Statistical Office (GUS). Furthermore, information from the studies-related literature has been included. The time period of studies covered the years 2005–2018. Selected types of insurance included in financial insurance have been presented herein and industries which these products are especially targeted at have been indicated. Moreover, supply by entities has been discussed with an indication of insurers who hold a leading position in the financial insurance sales in Poland. It has been stated that the demand (by value) for financial insurance in the years 2005–2018 was growing. The amount of the gross premium written in 2018 was twice as high as in 2005 and amounted to PLN 1.09 billion. Furthermore, it has been determined that the highest average dynamics of market growth concerned insurance from various financial risks (group 16), which are usually offered jointly with other insurance products, but also the dynamics of expenses incurred on purchasing surety was over 200%, whereas, in 2018 it was even 360%.
CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF ALBANIA AND VOIVODSHIPS IN POLAND IN 2010-2017
Authors: Kozak Sylwester , Muça Etleva
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of research on changes in the level of regional development in Albania and in all voivodships (regions) in Poland in 2010-2017. Annual data comes from national statistical offices. The level of regional development was determined by the multi-criteria decision analysis method - SAW (the Simple Additive Weighting) and includes two social and six economic criteria. The obtained results indicate that in the whole analyzed period the level of regional development in Albania was lower than in all regions in Poland. However, it achieved the highest increase in the studied group, among others thanks to improving the demographic situation, increasing entrepreneurship and improving the quality of the market. The Mazowieckie, Pomorskie and Wielkopolskie voivodships were characterized by the highest level of development throughout the entire period as a consequence of a good demographic situation, increased entrepreneurship and high GDP dynamics. Negative population growth and an increase in unemployment meant that the Lubelskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodships are characterized by the lowest level of regional development in Poland. Faster improvement of the situation in more developed regions contributed to the increase of disparity in the socio-economic development of regions in Poland.
Geodiversidade, geoconservação e turismo sertanejo na porção sudeste do município de Capitão de Campos, norte do estado do Piauí
Authors: Lima Marineldo De Brito , Dos Santos Francílio De Amorim , Cunha Suellem Maria , Araujo Renata Stefhane Da Silva
Published: April 2020

Alguns pontos do espaço geográfico apresentam características excepcionais, ocasionadas por fatores distintos. Em alguns casos essa combinação de características proporciona alto grau de beleza cênica, gerando visitação por parte das pessoas, essa visitação pode ser benéfica ou desvantajosa, a depender principalmente do controle de acesso e modo de utilização. A geoconservação no Nordeste brasileiro vem constituindo-se principalmente através do Turismo Sertanejo. Esta obra tem como área de estudo a porção Sudeste do Município de Capitão de Campos, localizado ao norte do estado do Piauí. O presente trabalho objetivou identificar e caracterizar áreas com distinta geodiversidade na parte sudeste do município de Capitão de Campos, norte do estado do Piauí e, ainda, mensurar os Valores Turísticos (Vtur) de cada geossítio ou sítio da geodiversidade identificado, buscando subsidiar ações de geoconservação e planejamento ambiental par uso racional dessas áreas. A metodologia constituiu-se em revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo ocorrida no dia 17 de março de 2019. O Vtur dos locais mapeados apresentou média baixa, apesar de sua expressiva relevância e beleza cênica, respectivamente. Isto ocorre principalmente pela ausência de infraestrutura e mecanismos de controle.
BROECKINELLA HENSONI N. SP., A NEW LARGER BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA FROM THE UPPER MAASTRICHTIAN OF IRAN AND A REVISION OF THE GENUS BROECKINELLA HENSON, 1948
Authors: Schlagintweit Felix , Rashidi Koorosh
Published: April 2020

new larger benthic foraminifera is described as Broeckinella hensoni from the upper Maastrichtian Tar-bur Formation of SW Iran (Zagros Zone). In comparison to the type species of the genus, Broeckinella arabica Henson, which also occurs in the Tarbur Formation, the new species has distinctly larger dimensions (e.g., size and thickness of test, chamber height). The first record of a microspheric specimen of B. arabica shows previously unrecorded annular chambers in the final test stage. Therefore, the generic diagnosis is herein emended. In the Tarbur Formation, both B. hensoni n. sp. and B. arabica occur in foraminiferal-algal wackestones. However, B. arabica occurs in a wider range of microfacies, including packstones and grainstones. It is assumed that Broeckinella originated in the Upper Cretaceous with Broeckinella neumannae Gendrot. The upper Albian Broeckinella aragonensis Peybernès is herein transferred to the porcellaneous genus Peneroplis Montfort.
Large extra dimensional limit of gravity subject to proton decay
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep
Published: April 2020

D(p) Branes can range from any number of spatial dimensions extending from 1 to 10. Most of the force and matter fields are concentrated along the wall of the brane as a open strings thereby permitted to travel in higher dimensions however a typical type of bosonic force field called the gravitons extend beyond the boundary of our 4 dimensions and extend to (4 + n) dimensions with the value of (n ≤ 10). This peculiar property of gravitons exist as because there are always a closed strings with no ends attached to a D(p) branes. The energy required to detect gravity is at a close proximity of 10^16 GeV to 10^19 GeV making GUT or grand unified theories. However, the LED or large extra dimensions model reduce the energy scale to 1000 GeV or 1 TeV. However in this paper I will show that not only energy required equals to 1 TeV but an energy of much less than 1 TeV that is 10 GeV. Therefore, the gravity would be accessible at a much lower energy provided the dimension of the LED is equal to 1 mm. During a head to head collision of proton bombardment in LHC 'gravitons' appeared but remains undetected as they quickly appeared to higher dimensions at (4 + n) with (4 < ≤ 10). However when dimensions = 6 then a Calabi-Yau manifold is formed but here there is SED or 'small extra dimensions' instead of LED. Now, an open question that I want to ask to my readers is that, if gravity of 1 mm which is sufficiently small one a scale = 1 where the force actually disappears then if it got except in higher dimensions then the higher dimensions must have a value of D = 2mm > r = 1mm. So, the throat must be larger than the minimal length of gravity to swallow it whole. Therefore, if extra dimensions exist then they must be equal to or greater than 1mm. Another important thing to note is the proton decay where a proton decays into a neutral pions and a positron which ultimately decays into 2 gamma rays and the half-life time of the proton decay is around 10^34 years which is impossible to observe for the humans. Now, a proton having a mass parameter of 1800 times greater than the electrons have the effect of gravity comparatively significant than that of the lepton 'electron'. And that proton decay has a connection with GUT via magnetic monopoles provided the D(p)-1 Branes are extremely long. However, an alternative approach of the 'magnetic monopole' can be found from the Gauss's law of magnetism as (∇ • B = 4πρ) where magnetic charge density that is ρ.
FREQUÊNCIA DE CASOS DE MORTALIDADE INFANTIL NO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO NO PERÍODO DE 2013 A 2017
Authors: Nascimento Costa Dáfiny , Rayane dos Santos Lima Kathia , Mirelly Ferreira de Lima Lívia , Tavares Xavier Amanda
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: Identificar a frequência de casos de mortalidade infantil no Estado de Pernambuco no período de 2013 a 2017. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e observacional. Os dados foram coletados no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) a partir do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade - SIM. RESULTADOS: Foram registrados 9.246 óbitos infantis no estado de Pernambuco no período de 2013 a 2017, desses 54,4% são do sexo masculino. O período neonatal precoce é a fase que mais ocorrem os óbitos, representando mais da metade dos casos dos óbitos infantis. Em relação aos dados maternos, 22,8% das mães eram adultas jovem e 51,3% com escolaridade acima de oito anos de estudo. As principais causas dos óbitos estão ligados ao período perinatal (57,2%) . CONCLUSÃO: Ressaltamos a importância da ampliação na assistência adequada durante todo esse período, pré-natal, parto, nascimento e valorização do planejamento reprodutivo, do fortalecimento da atenção primária à saúde.

Palavras chave: Enfermagem em saúde pública; Mortalidade Infantil; Vigilância epidemiologia.
DADOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS SOB A SUSPEITA DE ZIKA VIRUS EM GESTANTES REGISTRADOS PELA 3ª GERÊNCIA REGIONAL DE SAÚDE DA PARAÍBA DE 2016 A 2019
Authors: Pontes de Brito Raquel , Silva Leal Luana , Laynara Barbosa de Aquino Santos Maryelli
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: O Brasil em 2015 foi alvo de uma doença atípica que logo culminou em um alto índice de nascidos com microcefalia. Em um curto período de tempo, menor que um ano, após sua introdução, o Vírus Zika se espalhou por todas as regiões do Brasil causando um alerta nacional e internacional. MÉTODOS: Realizada revisão bibliográfica de caráter quantitativo, em que foram coletados artigos de Revisão Bibliográfica, publicados de 2016 a 2018 (critérios de inclusão), tendo sido excluídos artigos com casos clínicos e relatos de caso. Os dados locais de registro da 3ª gerência de saúde foram liberados por meio de pedido formal juntamente à Secretaria Estadual de Saúde da Paraíba, tendo sido analisados os dados de 2016, a agosto de 2019 registrados no Sistema Nacional de Atendimento Médico (SINAN). RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se um alto índice de notificações de gestantes no terceiro trimestre de 2016 e, nos anos subsequentes, os números de notificações caíram. CONCLUSÃO: As estratégias de saúde da família são o meio mais rápido para identificar qualquer desequilíbrio patológico. Um fato que se destaca nessa análise é a presença eficaz da tecnologia nos sistemas de notificações, como o Centro de Informações Estratégicas de Vigilância em Saúde Nacional.

Palavras chave: Arbovírus; Microcefalia; Vírus Zika.
GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DEMOKRATIS, DISIPLIN KERJA DAN IMBALAN FINANSIAL TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA YAYASAN PERSATUAN PERGURUAN TAMAN SISWA CURUP
Authors: Istan Muhammad , Hardinata
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari gaya kepemimpinan demokratis, disiplin kerja dan imbalan finansial terhadap kinerja karyawan Yayasan Perguruan Tamansiswa Cabang Curup. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Yayasan Perguruan Tamansiswa Cabang Curup. Data dianalisis dengan cara regresi linier berganda. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 35 orang diperoleh dengan cara sensus (total sampling). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan kepemimpinan demokratis, disiplin kerja dan imbalan finansial berpengaruh positif secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan Yayasan Perguruan Tamansiswa Cabang Curup. Kepemimpinan demokratis, disiplin kerja dan imbalan finansial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Imbalan finansial merupakan variabel yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan pada Yayasan Perguruan Tamansiswa Cabang Curup.
Pola Asuh Orang Tua dalam Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Anak (Studi Kasus pada Anak TKW di SDN Pidodo Kecamatan Karangtengah)
Authors: Salafuddin Salafuddin , Santosa Santosa , Utomo Slamet , Utaminingsih Sri
Published: April 2020

Ibu sebagai madarasah yang pertama dan utama harus bisa menjadi sosok panutan bagi anak-anaknya. Namun bagaimana kalau ibu pergi meninggalkan rumah dan bekerja menjadi TKW. Pengasuhan anak akhirnya dilakukan oleh ayah atau orang tua lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pola asuh orang tua dalam penguatan pendidikan karakter pada keluarga TKW. Penelitian ini menggunakan  metode kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah ayah, kakek, nenek, anak, saudara terdekat, tetangga terdekat dan guru yang mengajar anak di SDN. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis dengan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, sajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan.  Keabsahan data menggunakan teknis triangulasi metodologis, yaitu menggunakan beragam metode untuk mengkaji problem tunggal. Hasil penelitian terdapat tiga macam pola asuh yang digunakan oleh orang tua dalam memberikan pengasuhan pada anak TKW. Ada tiga macam pola asuh (1) Pola asuh otoriter dengan ditandai sikap orang tua yang bertindak keras, diskriminatif. harus patuh terhadap perintah orang tua, anak dari orang tua yang otoriter memiliki lebih banyak tekanan (2) Pola asuh demokratis yaitu orang tua bersikap terbuka, percaya dengan kemampuan anak, selalu mengontrol tindakan anak sehingga anak terpacu untuk menjadi pribadi yang lebih baik. (3) Pola asuh permisif yaitu orang tua tidak peduli dengan tindakan anaknya, tidak mengontrol tindakan anaknya sehingga anak berperilaku sesuai keinginan sendiri dan tidak mempunyai rasa tanggung jawab. Strategi yang digunakan oleh orang tua dalam penguatan pendidikan karakter adalah dengan nasehat, teladan dan pembiasaan.
Profil Gender Sumber Daya Manusia Universitas Sam Ratulangi Tahun 2019 berbasis Penilaian Gender (Gender Assessment)
Authors: Pandiangan Dingse , Lotulung Leviane Jacklin , Sanggelorang Yulianty
Published: April 2020

Kesetaraan gender sangat diperlukan dalam membangun kepemerintahan yang baik, termasuk di dalam penyelenggaraan proses pendidikan di institusi perguruan tinggi. Guna mencapai kesetaraan gender, diperlukan adanya penjabaran konsep dan prinsip dasar penyelenggaraan good governance. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mewujudkan Profil Gender Unsrat yang merupakan salah satu output penilaian gender melalui suatu proses penilaian gender (gender assessment).  Pelaksanaan gender assessment ini dilaksanakan oleh Tim Riset yang dibentuk oleh Pusat Kajian Perempuan (PKP) LPPM UNSRAT. Pekerjaan efektif sekitar 2 minggu kerja untuk membuat suatu profil gender Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Dalam pelaksanaannya, menggunakan metode baseline data. Berdasarkan hasil assessment ditemukan bahwa proporsi kepemimpinan di UNSRAT harus lebih mempertimbangkan representasi gender, mengafirmasi keseimbangan jumlah mahasiswa berdasarkan kesetaraan gender, dan perlu dilakukan kegiatan-kegiatan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kapasitas civitas akademika dalam penerapan isu gender.
DIREITO E SEXUALIDADE
Authors: Pereira Ferreira Priscila , Alberto Dias Carlos
Published: April 2020

O presente trabalho faz uma leitura da situação da mulher no início do século XX no campo da sexualidade e das sucessivas leis que contribuíram para o surgimento da mulher atual. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica envolvendo Tratados de Direitos, Legislações e obras relativas ao tema. O Código Civil de 1916 propunha um ordenamento em moldes patriarcais, sendo a mulher considerada um ser inferior. A sexualidade e a prática sexual da mulher eram reprimidas tanto na família quanto na sociedade estando sujeita a punições legais caso agisse de forma contrária a moral socialmente estabelecida. Sucessivas mudanças nos dispositivos legais (Estatuto da Mulher Casada de 1962, Lei do Divórcio de 1977, Código Civil de 2002 entre outros) permitiram que assumisse status de igualdade em relação aos homens e o controle sobre o próprio corpo. Embora existam resistências ao novo modelo de mulher, são significativos os ganhos obtidos no campo jurídico e sexual.
RELAÇÕES HOMOAFETIVAS ENTRE GAYS
Authors: Costa de França Ribeiro Hugues
Published: April 2020

A pesquisa qualitativa de linha fenomenológica investigou como homens gays acima dos quarenta anos significam suas experiências afetivo-sexuais, na construção de seus mapas afetivos sexuais, seus níveis de satisfações, suas práticas amorosa, sexuais e a emergência de novos estilos de relacionamentos. Foram entrevistados trinta homens gays com idades ente 43 a 58 anos. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas. Utilizou-se para a análise das entrevistas uma combinação de Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 2004; FRANCO, 2007) e a proposta de Giorgi (1985, 1972). Foram elaboradas e analisadas as seguintes unidades de significado: a descoberta da diferença um fardo a carregar; a busca pela “tribo” e a felicidade do encontro; visibilidade ou invisibilidade um dilema a enfrentar; relacionamentos estáveis tradicionais ou um novo “estilo de vida nas relações”? Nas considerações finais discutem-se as dificuldades e novas possibilidades na construção dos mapas afetivo-sexuais por esses homens.
EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS E BIOLOGIA
Authors: Brizola Yared Yalin , Augusto Locks Geraldo
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho é recorte da dissertação desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação Strictu Sensu em Educação: “A educação sexual na escola: tensões e prazeres na prática pedagógica de professores de Ciências e Biologia”. Por meio de entrevistas semiestruturas audiogravadas, os dados foram obtidos com seis professoras de Ciências e Biologia de cinco escolas estaduais. Os depoimentos foram analisados qualitativamente – análise de conteúdo – e estabelecidas categorias a posteriori. Os resultados sugerem que a sexualidade ainda é apoiada nas concepções médico-higienista e moral religiosa dogmatizada; uma parcela significativa dos cursos de licenciaturas se circunscreve em paradigmas pedagógicos tecnicistas. Recomenda-se urgente avaliação dos currículos onde se inscreva uma visão antropológica do ser humano multidimensional, onde a sexualidade não poderá ser omitida/dicotomizada; além da necessidade de se implementar a educação continuada que possibilite o trabalho de uma educação sexual emancipatória onde os sujeitos possam ter a vivência de uma sexualidade mais autônoma e feliz.
PAIS E FILHOS EM ARRANJOS FAMILIARES HOMOAFETIVOS: A PERSPECTIVA DE HOMENS HOMOSSEXUAIS E DE SEUS/SUAS FILHOS/AS
Authors: Brandão Bertolini Débora
Published: April 2020

SANTOS, Y. G. S. Pais e filhos em arranjos familiares homoafetivos: a perspectiva de homens homossexuais e de seus/suas filhos(as). 2016. 211 p. (Dissertação de Mestrado). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016.
TRANSGENITALIZAÇÃO – MULHER PARA HOMEM
Authors: Augusto Machado José , Do Carmo Andrade Silva Maria , Roberto Bastos Canella Paulo
Published: April 2020

O transexual é definido, segundo o DSM-IV-TR 2002, como um transtorno de gênero, no qual se observa um desconforto persistente ou sentimento de inadequação ao papel de gênero do seu sexo. Neste trabalho apresentam-se seis casos de transexuais femininos, que estiveram em acompanhamento no Projeto de Gênero e Transgenitalização, no Ambulatório de Sexologia do Instituto de Ginecologia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), para adequação fenotípica. Apresentam-se as características gerais e especiais de cada caso, assim como sua evolução nas diversas fases do Projeto. Esse processo evolui por meio de consultas regulares por no mínimo dois anos, o que possibilitou um diagnóstico diferencial adequado, pautado em avaliações das condições físicas e psicológicas de cada indivíduo. Administração e acompanhamento que envolveram entrevistas e avaliações psicológicas, terapia com hormônios androgênicos, reflexões em grupo de iguais e início das etapas cirúrgicas, que passam por: mastectomia, histerectomia com anexectomia e posterior possível neofaloplastia. Repercussão histopatológica da androgenioterapia sobre útero e ovários extirpados.