bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tümeller Sorunu'nun Uğrağı - Duns Scotus
Authors: Bingöl Mustafa
Published: February 2025

Duns Scotus'un evrenseller konusundaki görüşü nominalist yaklaşıma yakın olsa da, tam anlamıyla nominalizm olarak sınıflandırılamaz. Onun görüşleri, "bağımsız gerçeklik" (realism) ile "sadece zihinde var olanlar" (nominalism) arasında bir orta yol arayışını yansıtır.
On üçüncü ve on dördüncü yüzyılların kavşağında yer alan Duns Scotus çağdaşlarının ve seleflerinin eleştirileri, yaygın olarak kabul edilen metafizik ilkelerin reddini içermiyordu. On üçüncü yüzyılda ortaçağa dönüp baktığımızda, Duns Scotus’un sisteminde St. Thomas çağı ile Ockham çağı arasındaki iki yüzyıl arasında bir köprü görme eğiliminde olabiliriz; ama Ockham’ın kendisi kesinlikle Duns Scotus’ta akraba bir ruh görmedi ve Scotus’un felsefesi daha radikal bir eleştirinin yolunu hazırlamış olsa bile, onun sistemi ortaçağın büyük spekülatif sentezlerinin sonuncusu olarak görülmelidir. Scotus’un rasyonel psikoloji, doğal teoloji ve etik alanındaki görüşlerinden emin bir şekilde, Ockhamist metafizik eleştirisini ve ahlak yasasının doğasına ilişkin tuhaf Ockhamist görüş; Scotus’un felsefesini herhangi bir referansa başvurmadan kendi içinde ele alır.
Duns Scotus, evrensellerin gerçek varlıklar olarak değil, yalnızca zihindeki kavramlar olarak var olduğunu savunmuştur. Bu anlamda, evrensellerin gerçekten var olmadığını, sadece dilde veya zihindeki genellemeler olarak var olduklarını ileri sürmüştür. Bununla birlikte, Duns Scotus'un görüşü, evrensellerin tamamen yok sayılması anlamına gelmez. Ona göre, evrenseller zihinde gerçek birer kavram olarak var olsalar da, bu kavramlar bireylerde veya nesnelerde bulunan özelliklerin genellemeleridir. Yani, evrenseller zihinsel varlıklar olarak kabul edilir, ancak bunlar nesnelerin doğasından bağımsızdır. Duns Scotus'un evrenseller üzerine olan yaklaşımı, bireysel varlıkların önceliğini vurgular. Ona göre, evrenselleri oluşturan temel birimler bireylerdir ve genel kavramlar bu bireylerin niteliklerinin zihinsel özetleridir.
Duns Scotus'un evrenseller konusundaki bu görüşleri, Orta Çağ felsefesi içinde nominalizmin (özellikle William of Ockham'ın nominalizmi gibi) gelişimine katkıda bulunmuş ve sonrasında modern felsefenin yönelimlerini etkilemiştir.
Traumatismos dentoalveolares en odontopediatría, protocolo de intervención en pacientes pediátricos. Revisión Bibliográfica
Authors: Quilca Yanza Miguel Angel
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Los traumatismos dentoalveolares en niños de 6 meses a 10 años son comunes en odontopediatría y afectan su salud y desarrollo oral, lo que hace crucial una atención oportuna para evitar complicaciones. Esta revisión analiza las manifestaciones clínicas, etiologías y estrategias de manejo de estos traumatismos. Materiales y métodos: Se revisaron 32 artículos entre 2020 y 2024 en Google Scholar. PubMed, Elsevier y SciELO. Resultados: Las causas más frecuentes de traumatismos dentoalveolares en niños son caídas, deportes de contacto y accidentes de tráfico, afectando principalmente la parte anterior del maxilar y la mandíbula. La rápida intervención es esencial para evitar la pérdida dental, y las clasificaciones clínicas y radiológicas ayudan a categorizar la gravedad del trauma. Aproximadamente un tercio de los niños preescolares experimentan trauma dental, lo que resalta la importancia de la atención inmediata y la educación preventiva. Conclusiones: El manejo adecuado de los traumatismos dentales es clave para la salud bucal y la calidad de vida de los niños.
Trends and Developments in Gamification for Science Education: A Bibliometric Review from 2019 to 2023
Authors: Saputra Amri , Hijriyah Umi , Romlah Listiyani Siti , Susanti Agus , Sunarto  , Shabira Qonita
Published: February 2025

This study aims to identify and analyze research trends in gamification focusing on science education and explore opportunities for further development. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, a total of 126 relevant publications were identified from the Publish or Perish database indexed by Scopus, with 43 documents from the 2019–2023 period selected and analyzed based on inclusion criteria. These criteria include articles discussing gamification in science education, English-language articles, open-access publications, and Scopus-indexed articles. The literature review process followed PRISMA guidelines to ensure the quality of results, and data were analyzed using bibliometric methods with the assistance of VOSviewer 1.6.20 software. The results indicate significant fluctuations in the number of publications and citations year by year, reflecting the dynamics of research activity. Most publications originate from Spain, the United States, and Malaysia, with quantitative methods being the most widely used approach (51%). The main themes explored include student engagement, motivation, and conceptual understanding, particularly in STEM subjects. Collaborative networks highlight the importance of diverse perspectives in advancing gamification research. Density analysis reveals that the long-term impact and scalability of gamification in educational science still hold substantial potential for exploration. Therefore, further studies are urgently needed to optimize the role of gamification and maximize its benefits in the learning process.
Analysis of Morphological Characteristics and Growth Patterns of Uceng Fish Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1842) on the Setail River, Banyuwangi, East Java
Authors: Orchida Kharisma , Arfiati Diana , Kusuma Wahyu Endra , Hamami Syeftyan Muhammad Ali
Published: February 2025

Indonesia's. Setail River is one of the longest rivers in Banyuwangi Regency. Setail River has high potential for fishery biodiversity. One of the fish that is often found in Setail River is Barred loach or known locally as Uceng Fish (Nemacheilus fasciatus). The purpose of this study was to determine the morphological characteristics and determine the relationship between length, weight and condition of Uceng fish in Setail River. Observation of color patterns and special characteristics of sample fish morphologically Nemacheilus fasciatus with characteristics including Having a brown body color, a small elongated body (fusiform). On the body there is a longitudinal black spot pattern, a dorsal pattern resembling a saddle, a homocercal tail fin type, an emarginate tail morphology (slightly concave). The type of mouth is subterminal inferior and has 3 pairs of barbels. Meristic observations of uceng fish have pectoral fins, pelvic fins, dorsal fins, tail fins and anal fins. In this study, an analysis of the relationship between length and weight showed that the growth pattern of the uceng fish was negative allometric and the condition factor obtained the range of condition factor values for male uceng fish during the study at each station for male uceng fish 0.68-1.35 and female uceng fish 0.68-1.40.
Teachers' Perception toward e-LKPD STEM-EDP to Improve System Thinking Skills and Creative Problem Solving Skills
Authors: Atina Alyana , Kartini Herlina  , Abdurrahman
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the needs of teachers and students in physics education, focusing on renewable energy. It aims to describe a valid e-LKPD (electronic student worksheet) for Alternative Energy Learning based on the STEM Engineering Design Process (EDP) to enhance students' System Thinking Skills and Creative Problem Solving Skills through qualitative and quantitative methods. A survey of 20 high school physics teachers in Lampung Province revealed that 77.8% use the STEM model for teaching, but only 72.2% of students engage in setting goals and defining problems. These findings indicate that current e-LKPDs are inadequate, lacking activities to develop the necessary skills. Thus, there is a clear need for more effective e-LKPDs to provide a more engaging and comprehensive learning experience.
Improving Environmental Literacy and Creative Thinking Skills Through Earth and Space Science Integrated Eco-Pedagogy (ESS-EcoP) Module
Authors: Napitupulu Nurasyah Dewi , Miftah  , Zaky Muhammad , Siddik  , Septianti Amelia , Talokon Regina Chalista Agata
Published: February 2025

Eco-pedagogy is an educational approach that places emphasis on the relationship between humans and the natural world, and encourages the undertaking of practical actions for the benefit of environmental sustainability. The objective of this study is to enhance students' environmental literacy and creative thinking abilities through the Earth and Space Science (ESS) integrated eco-pedagogy (EcoP) modules. This research is development research (R & D) using 4-D model by Thiagarajan. The research subjects were 22 prospective physics teacher students. Data on environmental literacy and creative thinking skills were collected through pre-test and post-test by using the environmental literacy test and creative thinking skills questionnaire. The results demonstrated that the implementation of the validated ESS-EcoP module integrated with eco-pedagogy can markedly enhance 65.05% students' environmental literacy and 55.49% students’ creative thinking skills. This research is anticipated to contribute to the advancement of innovative learning models that can augment students' awareness and concern for the environment.
Mixture of Garlic (Allium sativum) Extract 50% and Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel 50% Effectiveness Against Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria
Authors: Christine  , Fernanda Bella , Florenly
Published: February 2025

Enterococcus faecalis may infiltrate dentinal tubules in the cementum and dentin of the root, causing endodontic failure. A key stage in root canal therapy is irrigation. NaOCl is an efficient irrigation at higher concentrations, although its toxicity causes periapical tissue injury. Garlic and red dragon fruit peel suppress Enterococcus faecalis. To test the antibacterial activity of garlic (Allium sativum) extract and red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract at 50% against Enterococcus faecalis bacterium. A post-test only control-group design was used in this in vitro study. A 50% blend of garlic (Allium sativum) extract and red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract was compared to 2.5% NaOCl against Enterococcus faecali. ANOVA test results revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in Enterococcus faecalis inhibition between garlic extract (Allium sativum), red dragon fruit peel extract, a mixture of both, and NaOCl: 9.30 ± 0.89, 15.88 ± 2.65, 12.30 ± 2.53, and 20.39 ± 2.41 mm. Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract killed Enterococcus faecalis better than garlic (Allium sativum) and garlic-red dragon fruit peel combo.
Analysis of Supplementary Feeding Satisfaction on Weight Gain and Reduction in the Incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency in Pregnant Women
Authors: Tridiyawati Feva , Angelina Tria Shinta , Titin  , Rohani Siti
Published: February 2025

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women is a global health issue affecting maternal and fetal health. Supplemental feeding (SF) is an intervention to address CED, but its success depends on maternal satisfaction with the program. This study analyzed the relationship between maternal satisfaction, weight gain, and reduction in CED incidence among pregnant women. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional design, 150 pregnant women from three health centers (Kutawaluyo, Kutamuki, Sukatani) were studied. Data were collected via questionnaires covering satisfaction with SF, weight gain, and nutritional status. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between satisfaction with SF and weight gain (p = 0.04). Logistic regression revealed that satisfied mothers were 2.8 times more likely to achieve healthy weight gain than dissatisfied ones (OR = 2.8, p < 0.01). Maternal satisfaction was crucial for SF success in preventing CED. Psychosocial factors like communication between mothers and health workers and family support significantly influenced satisfaction levels. The study underscores the importance of tailoring SF programs to pregnant women’s needs and strengthening health policies to reduce CED prevalence. Enhanced maternal satisfaction with SF can improve nutritional outcomes, benefiting both mothers and their unborn children.
CATÁLISE DA REAÇÃO DE HIDRÓLISE DO FOSFATO DE BIS-(2,4-DINITROFENILA) NA PRESENÇA DE LANTÂNIO (III) E a-NUCLEÓFILOS
Authors:   , Pereira Amanda Alves Candido
Published: February 2025

A influência do íon lantânio (La3+) foi estudada na reação de clivagem hidrolítica da molécula de fosfato de bis-(2,4-dinitrofenila) (BDNPP) em pHs 8,00 e 9,00 e também na presença de hidroxilamina (NH2OH), um a-nucleófilo. Tal atividade foi monitorada através da técnica de Espectroscopia de Absorção Molecular na região do UV-Visível. O tratamento cinético avaliou a ordem das
cinéticas da reação em H2O como de pseudo-primeira ordem e na presença de NH2OH, como sendo consecutiva. Os valores das constantes foram plotados em Curvas de Hill para estudar o efeito da cooperatividade do íon lantânio sobre a reação estudada.
Badminton-related musculoskeletal injuries in senior players: Epidemiology and preventive strategies for common injuries
Authors: Pengked Kanapot , Hareebin Yuttachai , Tawanwongsri Weeratian , Manunyanon Saranrat
Published: February 2025

Badminton is a popular sport with numerous health benefits but carries the risk of injury. Limited research is available on badminton-related injuries among senior Asian players. This cross-sectional study used a questionnaire to gather data on demographics, exercise habits, injury history, injury mechanisms, affected body parts, symptoms, and injury severity from 254 participants. Most participants were male (70.6%), with a median age of 46 years (inter-quartile range [IQR] = 16.0). The median injury incidence was 4.3 per 1,000 hours played (IQR = 6.5). The most commonly injured body parts on the dominant side were the knees (51.1%), ankles (36.3%), and shoulders/clavicles (25.5%). On the non-dominant side, the knee (34.2%) and ankle (25.5%) were frequently injured. The most common mechanism of knee and ankle injuries occurs during changes in direction. Common injuries included ankle sprains (23.5%), patellar tendinopathy (20.3%), and muscle cramps (31.6%). Most injuries (60.6%) were mild. Future studies should focus on comprehensive prevention methods to reduce injuries.
Mathematics teachers’ professional experimentation with mathematical origami in secondary education
Authors: van Wijk Jacoliene , Bos Rogier , Shvarts Anna , Doorman Michiel
Published: February 2025

Mathematical origami can be a valuable tool for teaching mathematics. This study explores mathematical origami teaching practices in secondary education. The addressed research question is: What do mathematics teachers report about their professional experimentation with mathematical origami in the secondary education classroom? The study focuses on exploring and describing these professional experiments. Using grounded research theory, we analyzed 45 articles written by teachers from four countries. Four key categories emerged from our analysis: mathematical topics taught using mathematical folding, teachers’ reasons for using folding, aspects of a teaching process, and advice for teachers. In a validation process, experts confirmed these categories. Our findings indicate that mathematical origami is applied across a broad range of topics and domains, with various reasons for its use, and diverse learning objectives achieved in different lesson phases. Teachers also encourage their colleagues to incorporate folding into their classrooms and provide valuable advice for implementation.
Colombian pre-service mathematics teachers’ knowledge and didactic suitability in the context of the measurement
Authors: Gómez-Muñoz Mauricio Pablo , Rodríguez-Nieto Camilo Andrés , Pimienta Acosta Adolfo , Breda Adriana
Published: February 2025

The research aim was to identify the didactic suitability criteria that emerge from the practice of pre-service mathematics teachers (PMTs) when they develop a workshop on measurement. The study was based on the theory of didactic suitability. The methodology was qualitative, developed in four stages: (1) a questionnaire was designed consisting of items related to concepts of the measure; (2) the participants, PMTs, were selected; (3) development of a workshop in which a questionnaire-based task is implemented to collect data within the context of participant observation, and (4) the data were analyzed based on the theoretical foundation and didactic suitability indicators were proposed to teach the measure. The results show the importance of agreeing on criteria and components and establishing indicators of didactic suitability specifically in terms of cognitive, epistemic, interactional, mediational, affective, and ecological.
Teaching creativity through mathematical lateral thinking problems: A pilot study
Authors: Shodiq Lukman Jakfar , Juniati Dwi , Susanah Susanah
Published: February 2025

The integration of creativity in mathematics has been the subject of extensive scholarly and applied discourse. The positioning of learning that fosters creativity through mathematical lateral thinking problems (MLTP), or problems with multiple or unexpected solutions, has, however, not disclosed much about the exploration of teachers’ orientation and action. Semi-structured interviews and teaching observation were used in this qualitative descriptive study. Two mathematics teachers were chosen using purposive sampling techniques. Six categories on orientation components of pedagogical content knowledge, i.e., teachers’ knowledge about the concepts, aims, topic and students’ category, examples, procedures, and integration of MLTP, are used as interview and observation guidelines. By classifying the findings, the data were descriptively examined. MLTP can fosters students’ creativity and aligns with the curriculum. The fundamentals of number operations were a crucial first ability. Learners with intermediate to upper cognitive capacities will benefit more from the dynamic integration of MLTP. The dynamic stage of perception, challenge, alternatives, and harvesting could be used to foster creativity through the solving of open-ended, semi-unexpected, and unexpected problems. Supporting the effective use of creativity in the classroom requires professional development for teachers that focusses on problems development that addressing creativity.
Challenges to learning mathematical concepts among sixth-grade students in primary education: A teachers’ perspective
Authors: Abuhasanein Youssef , Rejeb Abdessatar , Jemai Khaled
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to identify the main challenges faced by sixth-grade students in grasping mathematical concepts at elementary levels in Northern Tunis as perceived by teachers. It also examined how teacher-related variables like teacher’s gender, age, and qualifications influence these perceptions. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this study conducted a survey that served as the primary instrument for data collection. The sample consisted of 200 teachers: 127 females and 73 males. Findings revealed challenges like overcrowded classrooms, lack of specialized mathematics laboratories, inadequate reward and discipline systems, minimal focus on modern teaching methods in teacher training programs, and insufficient parental involvement in their children’s education. The data also suggested a relationship between these challenges and the teacher-related variables of gender and age, indicating that these variables influence the perceptions of challenges. Recommendations were made to address these issues, highlighting the importance of taking these challenges seriously.
Exploring the relationship between computational estimation and problem-solving in year 2 and year 4 children
Authors: Desli Despina , Efstathopoulos Konstantinos
Published: February 2025

The present study attempted to examine the relationship between computational estimation and problem-solving in young children. For this purpose, quantitative research based on a cross-sectional design was conducted with 94 year 2 and year 4 children, who were presented with a computational estimation task (CET) and a problem-solving task (PST). In the CET, participants were asked to produce an estimate for a computational result, whereas in the PST they were presented with mathematical problems from different mathematical topics that they had to solve with accuracy. The analysis of the results revealed high performance from participants in both age groups on both tasks. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between success in the CET and performance in the PST: children who accomplished successful computational estimations tended to have a high success rate in problem solving. This finding was true for both age groups and indicates the strong relationship between these two abilities from an early age. Educational implications of the study are discussed in relation to mathematics teaching and learning.
Teaching approaches of the functions in seventh grade, the Kosovo case
Authors: Kamberi Saranda , Latifi Ismet , Iseni Egzona , Rexhepi Shpetim
Published: February 2025

In everyday life and mathematics, we often deal with connections and relationships between objects of the same type or different types. Thus, we associate the elements of a community or a set in some way with the elements of the same community (set) or of another community (set). For example, we assign a grade to each student, a price to each commodity, a corresponding number to all pages of a book, and so on. Students learn the functions almost every school year, starting with the seventh grade and so on. There are different ways of explaining functions so that students can more easily understand their meaning in achieving results. In the time we are living thanks to the advancement of technology, we are having the opportunity to search for different ideas on the Internet for the explanation and development of various activities related to daily life. Illustrations greatly influence students to have as much concentration as possible during the lesson and in terms of the implementation of functions.

In this paper, we have tried to clearly explain the meaning and application of linear functions as well as their graphical presentation. Also, in this paper we have tried to illustrate with some examples the graphical representation of linear functions, giving different practical techniques through different figures and visualizations. A questionnaire in this paper included 88 seventh-grade students at the school "Elena Gjika" city Prishtina, Kosovo. With the help of the statistical test, we have concluded that practical techniques such as illustrations, various visualizations, and practical work are important in learning the function and its graphic presentation.
Quantum machine learning: Transforming cloud-based AI solutions
Authors: Bangar Raju Cherukuri
Published: February 2025

This study examines the feasibility of placing quantum computing technology into cloud ML systems to make QML far faster and more scalable. Quantum computers tackle standard ML performance challenges through their special traits, including superposition and entanglement. Implementing QML on cloud-based platforms unlocks the specific advantages of scalability and accessibility while providing the required flexibility. Cloud-based systems can better predict results with faster performance when they use quantum algorithms to process machine learning tasks. This research examines how QML connects to cloud computing technology while showing how these industries can use it to handle limited processing power and improve overall system performance.
A GIS and Gen-AI-Driven framework for automated renewable energy resource assessment and infrastructure optimization
Authors: Krishna Gandhi  , Pankaj Verma
Published: February 2025

As the globe moves towards renewable energy, maximizing the utilization of renewable resources and enhancing infrastructure management are important issues that conventional approaches find difficult to handle successfully. This paper presents a novel approach that integrates Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI) to improve an efficiency of renewable energy systems. Moreover, GIS has strong instruments for analyzing issues concerning geography, whereas Gen-AI has enhanced features for energy rate prediction, selection of areas that are suitable for energy production, and control of facilities. These technologies have been proposed to work in synergy to address some of the complex issues like determination of exact locations of the sites, estimating energy generation at any time and controlling real-time energy requirements. Furthermore, it is applied to predict and improve maintenance as well as correct configuration of smart grids to become more effective and eco-friendly energy distributing system. The applications of the framework include many REN sectors, such as solar, wind, hydro, and bioenergy, solving the issues of rearing losses, environmental effects, and varying energy demands. Through solving these urgent problems, integrating GIS and Gen-AI constructs the groundwork for a more sustainable, robust and future energy structure.
Adapting Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) for Seismic risk assessment in developing countries: a case study of Dir City, Pakistan
Authors: Ibrar Ul Haq  , Khalid Azam  , Hassan Wadood  , Noor Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Frequent seismic activity in Pakistan, exemplified by the devastating 2005 Kashmir earthquake, underscores the need for robust methods to assess building vulnerability. This study focuses on adapting FEMA's Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) methodology for application in developing countries like Pakistan, with Dir City which is situated in Zone III according to seismic hazard maps of Building Code of Pakistan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa serving as a case study. The majority of the city's structures are old, non-engineered and were built by local masons, therefore they could be in danger during a seismic event. Recognizing local challenges, the FEMA Data Collection Form was modified to incorporate region-specific attributes such as slope, foundation type, liquefaction potential, and structural configurations, including unreinforced masonry, confined masonry, stone masonry, and RC frames with URM infill. The methodology emphasizes the use of score modifiers to account for material and construction practices unique to the region. This paper discusses the adaptation process, challenges in implementing RVS in resource-limited settings, and the importance of localized frameworks for seismic risk assessment. The study aims to provide a methodological foundation for future efforts to enhance seismic resilience in high-risk zones.
Future of cloud computing: Innovations in multi-cloud and hybrid architectures
Authors: Bangar Raju Cherukuri
Published: February 2025

In this article, the author discusses new trends associated with multi-cloud and hybrid cloud realigning Enterprise ICT. I examined complex requirements, multitasking, business benefits of multi-cloud solutions, and hybrid-cloud implementing multiple CSPs with public and private, engaging that multi-cloud and hybrid architectures are how businesses can achieve flexibility, scalability, and great resiliency. Such improvements relate to significant issues like vendor capture, security issues, and runtime performance optimization.
The paper also analyzes some case examples of such enterprises to discuss their experience, lessons learned, and results achieved. In this empirical review, the authors analyze performance indicators, describe potential scenarios, and classify such tactics as valuable in achieving increased critical enterprise flexibility and utilization.
Besides, the discussion covers integration issues, skills shortage, and costs and provides practical solutions for the implementation process. Therefore, while claiming the applicability of the multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud approaches to scalability and security, this article reveals critical facts about their future for the further development of cloud services to enterprises.
Microservices and containerization: Accelerating web development cycles
Authors: Bangar Raju Cherukuri
Published: February 2025

We study the benefits of microservices and containerization for web development by looking at their ability to speed up deployments and keep apps stable. Microservices lets you build separate web application pieces that developers can work on independently while treating each like a small system. Containerization delivers stable and reliable deployment settings that help teams fix fewer problems during and after release. The paper analyzes past issues of monolithic software, which made deployments slow and made the systems unsustainable due to high load. The study applies case study evaluation and qualitative analysis to measure the actual results of these technologies in business, particularly their ability to reduce system failures and provide faster scalability. Our research focuses on tracking how quickly systems launch and remain active. Our research shows that microservices and containerization help make web development more efficient and effective. Our findings include practical steps for businesses to follow when adopting these architectures, plus future research topics in software engineering.
Free trade agreements and their effect on the Nigerian agricultural sector: An empirical review
Authors: IDISI PO  , ADEAGBO BA  , MADUEKWE IM  , MOHAMMED AA  , STEPHEN-ADAMU OO
Published: February 2025

The Nigerian agricultural sector, pivotal to the nation’s economy, faces challenges such as low productivity, limited market access, and structural inefficiencies that hinder its full potential. This empirical review examines the role of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) in shaping the sector’s growth and competitiveness. FTAs, including the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), offer expanded market access, increased agricultural exports, technology transfer, and economic integration opportunities. However, these agreements also present challenges, including competition from cheaper imports, dependency on external supply chains, and loss of government revenue. Empirical evidence highlights mixed outcomes of FTAs on Nigeria’s agriculture. While trade liberalisation has driven increased exports and productivity, domestic farmers face risks of market displacement and unequal benefits due to poor infrastructure, limited access to finance, and inadequate support policies. Insights from other nations reveal that the impacts of FTAs depend on country-specific economic conditions and policy frameworks. To maximise the benefits of FTAs, policy recommendations include implementing protection mechanisms for vulnerable sectors, promoting fair trade standards, enhancing infrastructure, facilitating access to finance, and fostering agricultural industrialisation. Effective FTA implementation and targeted interventions can unlock the sector’s potential, driving sustainable growth and inclusive development.
Shifts: Reflections on practice in digitised and theatre-making process
Authors: Lewis Janine , Lemmer Karina , Lepere Refiloe
Published: February 2025

Theatre-making as an organising frame is conceived as space (staging), where three roles – text, acting, and direction – bring the theatre-making to life. Within virtual theatre-making processes, the roles of those involved in making theatre are shifting due to creating in (re)imagined digitally punctuated spaces of deep listening, embodiment, and aesthetic choices. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the effects towards the 4th Industrial Revolution, forcing many slow transitioning spaces into a race for their positioning within the virtual space. Theatre-making has always been transitional. It has altered its ways of being in and (the use) of space and has already integrated the virtual within the creative practice to elicit alternate ways of thinking and being that offer shifts in how performativity and performance are theorised and understood. Where performativity may be seen as a space for effecting change, in theatre-making the performative is harnessed towards a (re)imagining of theatre in virtual space. Now the shift towards a more dominant virtual process and performance may merely be a further reshuffling or rearrangement of power, relationships, and authoring. This essay grapples with the question of what the new theatre virtual space is, what the new frames include, and which processes it teases out to suggest what the alternate roles, lenses, and tools may look like in virtual theatre-making going forward. Reflections on the possibilities of a new virtual theatre space are discussed here through documenting reflexive practice within an ex post facto research design. Pragmatic lived examples are offered by three diverse performing arts trainers and theatre-makers from their preferred vantage point, evoking ideas of hybridity. Theatre, process, and product(ion) are still the key components, but the new virtually staged space offers alternate ways of being which are vulnerable, expressive and diverse – all components that are pivotal to creativity and theatre-making.
Entrevista a Carlo Buontempo
Authors: Rodríguez Camino Ernesto
Published: February 2025

Carlo Buontempo es el actual director del Servicio de Cambio Climático del programa Copernicus de observación de la Tierra de la Unión Europea. Este servicio lo implementa el Centro Europeo de Predicción Meteorológica a Medio Plazo desde su nueva subsede de Bonn, Alemania. Carlo es una persona de referencia en el desarrollo e implementación de servicios climáticos y a través de esta entrevista nos resumirá el papel del Servicio de Cambio Climático de Copernicus. Agradecemos también a Carlo que se haya ofrecido a contestar a nuestras preguntas en español, idioma que maneja con gran maestría.
Study of the System of Uncertain Linear Differential Equations Under Neutrosophic Sense of Uncertainty
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, School of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Mohan Babu University, Tirupati, India, Rahaman Mostafijur , Mondal Sankar Prasad ,   Department of Applied Science, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India, Ahmad Shafique ,   Department of Mathematics, Bokaro Steel City College, Bokaro, Jharkhand, India, Gazi Kamal Hossain ,   Department of Applied Science, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India, Ghosh Arijit ,   Department of Mathematics, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Published: February 2025

This paper considers a system of uncertain linear differential equations under the Neutrosophic uncertain environment. Suppose the mutual dependency of the dynamics of two variables is set on the mathematical manipulation under the scenario where the available information regarding initial states is imprecise and is given in the Neutrosophic sense of uncertainty. The concept of Neutrosophic differential equations can play a very effective role in this regard. The present chapter is engaged with a brief introduction of the theory of the system of Neutrosophic differential equations and the possible solution approaches. Combining different cases of Neutrosophic differentiability and the signs of the coefficients involved in the differential equations are taken for the synergetic study of the theory. At the end of the theory, a few physical phenomena are explored as possible applications of the proposed theory. For a better understanding and reliability of the proposed theory, numerical simulations and graphical visualizations are added to different pockets of this paper.
الوضع السياسي العام في العراق كما رسمه ابن عبد ربه في كتاب العقد الفريد
Authors: سعدون حميد هيثم , عبد الحسين رياض
Published: February 2025

يتناول بحثنا الوضع السياسي العام في العراق كما رسمه ابن عبد ربه في كتابه العقد الفريد .وهو يمثل دراسة لرؤية رجل من المغرب الإسلامي (الاندلس)، له توجهاته السياسية، والمذهبية، والمناطقية ، المخالفة لأهل العراق.
     البحث يتتبع ميول ابن عبد ربه بكل ابعادها واسقاطاتها على الروايات التي تتعلق بالعراق، ثم يشخص الصورة التي كان قد رسمها في ضوء ميوله تلك، وبطبيعة الحال كان الصورة مشوشة، وان كانت هناك إشارات في بعض جوانب الصورة تحكي عظمة العراق ، لكن لا تقارن مع ما ساقه من صور سلبية مزيفة عن العراق وأهله، وربما كانت تلك الصور غازل بها العراق فأقحمها ابن عبد ربة  ذرا للرمادِ في العيون ، ليخفي توجهاته السياسية.
   البحث جاء  بمحورين أساسيين الأول سينقل الصورة المزيفة التي رسمها ابن عبد ربه والتي تقوم على تحسين الصورة الاموية على حساب العراق وأهله والثاني سيتولى نقل الصورة الواقعية للعراق تلك التي اخفى معالمها ابن عبد ربه وختم المحورين بالنتائج التي توصل لها وكان أهمها هو اعلاء كل ما هو اموي وتقزيم كل ما هو عراقي .
ذاتية هيئة ادارة واستثمار اموال الاوقاف والمقومات التي تعتمد عليا في اداء مهامها
Authors: بلاسم عليل علياء , محمد علي الحسيني صادق
Published: February 2025

تعد هيئة ادارة واستثمار اموال الاوقاف هي الجهاز المسؤول عن الاوقاف , وتظهر اهمية الهيئة  الانها تتولى ادارت واستثمار اموال الاوقاف لما للأوقاف من دور مهم وفعال في تنمية وتطوير المجتمعات العربية  وتقديم الخدمات للأفراد في مجالات مختلفة , لأن  الوقف الممول الرئيسي للمرافق المختلفة منها التعليم والصحة ومؤسسات الفكر , ولعل الشاهد على ذلك العديد من المؤسسات والمرافق الشامخة التي نشأت تحت كنف نظام الوقف , وظلت الى يومنا هذا تؤتي واجبها كاملا غير منقوص , وتستنهض العزائم والهمم لصحوة تعيد للامة الاسلامية مجدها التليد
المكان في روايات سمير نقاش
Authors: سمير حسان طيف , داحس ناصر سعد
Published: February 2025

يسعى هذا البحث لدراسة أهم الاماكن التي جاء ذكرها في روايات الروائي سمير نقاش والتي كانت مؤثرة بصورة كبيرة على حياة الشخصيات؛ لأن المكان ذا اهمية كبيرة في الرواية, فهو المسرح الذي تجري فيه الاحداث, فأدى المكان دوراً بارزاً في أحداث الروايات, ولاسيما أماكن ذكريات الطفولة التي حفرت في ذاكرة الروائي, وأماكن أخرى متنوعة ما بين الشرق والغرب, وبين العام والخاص, والمرجع والحلم, وكلً من هذه الأنواع يحمل دلالة خاصة تميزه من الأماكن الأخرى, فقدمت الروايات اماكن عدة, وكان لكل من هذه الاماكن أثر في نفسية الروائي, لشعوره بالغربة وعدم الانتماء لاي ارض ولاسيما بعد الهجرة من العراق في عام 1951, فقد اعتنى عناية فائقة بتقديم الاماكن ووصفها بلغة فنية راقية عالية الدقة, ليجعل القارئ يفتتن بجمالية الأمكنة التي ذكرها في رواياته.
الأسمدة العضوية السائلة وتأثيرها على التربة والنبات
Authors: رياض اعناد محمد , سلام كشكول عادل
Published: February 2025

يعتبر التسميد العضوي حجر الأساس الذي يجب وضعه لرفع القيمة الإنتاجية للأراضي الزراعية والإقلال من التلوث البيئي الناتج من الإسراف في استخدام الأسمدة المعدنية (الكيمياوية) ولذا تعتبر المادة العضوية ذات تأثير غير مباشر على الخواص الطبيعية والكيميائية والحيوية فهي المسؤولة عن أي عامل فردي آخر عن ثبات التجمعات الأرضية كما أنها مسؤولة عن حوالي 50% من السعة التبادلية للأراضي، إلى جانب تأثيرها على حموضة التربة وقدرتها التنظيمية وعلى خصوبة التربة وإمداد النبات بالعناصر الغذائية المنطلقة من المركبات العضوية أثناء تحللها وإمداد الكائنات الدقيقة بالطاقة وعناصر بناء أجسامها. تساهم المادة العضوية في زيادة النشاط البيولوجي داخل منطقة انتشار الجذور لاحتوائها على بعض الميكروبات المفيدة والمنشطة للعمليات الحيوية فضلاً على أنها  تعتبر أحد المحسنات الطبيعية التي تقوم بدور هام وفعال في تحسين الخواص الطبيعية.
نمطية الخطاب الحواري في تهذيب السلوك
Authors: لفتة ساجت محمد , جواد الغراوي قصي
Published: February 2025

يقوم هذا البحث بدراسة المنهج الحواري في تهذيب السلوك واثره على سلوك الفرد والمجتمع من خلال محاورة النبي موسى -u- وفرعون وبيان دلالة الحوار بفتح آفاق عميقة  بين طرفي الحوار، والعمل على معرفة الدلالة السياقية التي هيأت الجو التعبيري للحوار في اختيار المفردة في مخاطبة الطرف الاخر من الحوار دون غيرها من المفردات القرآنية الأخرى
      فالبحث يهدف الى بيان المعنى وتحديده توجيهاً دقيقاً, وربط تلك المفردات في النصوص القرآنية بسياقها المقالي والمقامي واثرها؛ من اجل الوصول إلى معناها المراد والذي هيأ لها سياقها الذي وردت عليه في المتن القرآني.
التأثيرات ( الحاتية , الحورية , الميتانية , اللوفيانية ) على مضامين ودلالات الفن الحثي
Authors: سعيد عنيد رسل , عبد الهادي سعدون
Published: February 2025

ظهرت قبائل عدة  مثل حاتي ، وحوري ، ولوفي, والتي أسست ممالك مستقلة منتشرة في إرجاء الاناض
الأناضول ,اعتقد الحثيون أن كل أنواع الأحداث السيئة أو الجيدة التي حدثت لهم جاءت من الآلهة, نتيجة لذلك عملوا على أحياء  الاحتفالات القديمة والمهرجانات المختلفة لإرضاء الآلهة , إذ نظموا الاحتفالات ، ورحلات
ورحلات العبادة ، وبعض الطقوس باسم الآلهة لكي يتجنبوا غضبها ويمكن وصف زهرية أنانديك وهي ذات تأثير حاتي تحمل مشاهد متعددة وأن أهم مشهد في الزهرية هو وجود مجموعة من الأشخاص يقومون بعملية الرقص والحاتيون كانوا يقومون بهذه الرقصات طلبا لنزول المطر أما عند الحثيين وهي تمثل لإقامة طقس
تأثير التنوع المعرفي على الأداء الأبداعي للمجموعة (دراسة تحليل لآراء عينة من جامعة واسط)
Authors: خليل حسن زينب , ناظم الشيباني آلهام
Published: February 2025

هدفت هذه الدراسة للتعرف على مدى تأثير التنوع المعرفي المتوافر لدى التدريسين داخل الأقسام العلمية في جامعة واسط على مستوى الأداء الأبداعي لمحقق وذلك عن طريق قياس مستوى تنوعهم في المهارات  والخبرات والأفكار و في تحديد ما هو صواب وما هو خطأ ، وقد تم أستطلاع عينة  من الجامعة مقدارها 396) فردآ بين  تدريسي ورئيس قسم . وأعتمد الباحث الأستبانة كأداة رئيسية من أجل جمع البيانات المطلوبة ، فضلآ عن أستخدام مجموعة من الأدوات الأحصائية لغرض تحليل البيانات وأختبار الفرضيات وعليه توصلت الدراسة الى مجموعة من النتائج كان أبرزها ان التدريسين  يختلفون في طريقة تفكيرهم كما انهم يمتلكون معارف وخبرات ومهارات متنوعة ومختلفة عن بعضهم بما يحقق تمايزهم فضلا عن اختلاف اعتقاداتهم ورؤيتهم لما هو صواب وما هو خطأ وحالة الأختلاف هذه تعزز من مستوى الأداء الأبداعي المتوافر داخل الجامعة المبحوثة بوساطة أختلاف الأراء و الأفكار المطروحة ، وأبرز التوصيات التي وضعها الباحث تمثلت ب رفع مستويات الأهتمام من قبل الجامعة ب التنوع المعرفي لدى التدريسين لما له من دور فعال في تقديم أفكار أبتكارية جديدة تنهض بواقع الجامعة فضلآ عن أيجاد الحلول المناسبة للمشكلات وذلك عن طريق أقامة الندوات وحلقات النقاش العلمية التي تعد مصدرآ رئيسيآ لكل ما هو جديد وهذا بدوره يسهم في زيادة مستوى الأداء الأبداعي للمجموعة.
التحديات التي تواجه الاستثمار الاجنبي المباشر في العراق
Authors: راغب رزيج علي , شاكر بحيت غالب
Published: February 2025

شهد الاستثمار الاجنبي المباشر تطور عالمياً بحيث اصبح من أهم انواع الاستثمارات ، إذا تعاظمت أهميته نتيجة مساهمة الشركات متعددة الجنسيات في نقل وتدوير الاموال والتكنولوجيا عالميا ، ليعطي دفعه نحو التكامل العالمي من خلال ربط اسواق العمل وراس المال والانتاجية ليساهم في رفع مستوى التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية ، وأهتم بتشخيص واقع المناخ والبيئة الاستثمارية العراقية وتحديد المعوقات التي تحول دون القيام بنشاط استثماري فعال في الاقتصاد العراقي والعمل جاهداً على تهيئة البيئة الاستثمارية جاذبة التي يمكن أن تعمل على تحفيز واستقطاب الاستثمارات الأجنبية المباشرة في العراق .
وتناول البحث تحليل الاستثمار الاجنبي المباشر الصادر والوارد الى العراق للمدة 2004-2017 ، كما اثبتت الدراسة ان هناك تحديات متعددة اثرت سلباً على الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر في العراق ومنها (عدم الاستقرار السياسي والاقتصادي والفساد المالي والاداري وتدني مؤشرات بيئة الاعمال والمديونية وفترة الارهاب والعقود الاستثمارية ) التي ادت الى عدم تمكن وصول رؤوس الاموال الاجنبية والتكنولوجيا الحديثة الى العراق .
وان اهم توصيات الدراسة توفير بيئة تشريعية وقانونية واشاعة ثقافة الاستثمار الاجنبي في المجتمع العراقي ، والقضاء على الفساد المالي والاداري والعمل على تحسين البنى التحتيه وتطويرها من أجل تحفيز وجذب الاستثمار الاجنبي المباشر الى العراق .
دلالات الفعل الماضي في آيات الصلاة
Authors: حسن عبيد القريشي حيدر , طارش عبد الربيعي مجيد
Published: February 2025

يهدف هذا البحث لدراسة دلالات الفعل الماضي في آيات الصلاة في القرآن الكريم لغرض تسليط الضوء على الدلالة الواردة في آيات الصلاة، وما تحملهُ هذه الدلالات من معاني، ولا سيما في جانب دلالتها على الصلاة وأفعالها وأوقاتها, أما المنهج المتبع في هذا البحث فقد أعتمتُ منهجاً ثابتاً وهو عرض اللفظة القرآنية في السياق الذي وردت فيه؛ لأن السياق يكشف عن المراد وتحليل دلالة تلك الألفاظ وتفصيل القول في الأغراض التي قصدها المعجمي، ثم بيان معناها عند المفسرين وأصحاب كتب معاني القرآن حتى تكتمل دلالتها ويتضح معناها ومراد المشرِّع منها؛ لأنّ الصلاة هي تشريع مطلوب من المؤمنين.
مرتكز الترغيب والترهيب في سورة يونس (عليه السلام)
Authors: طارش علي علي , تقي فضيل العلّاق حيدر
Published: February 2025

في هذا البحث نستعرض مرتكزاً أساسياً وهو المتمثل بالترغيب والترهيب، والذي عوّلت عليه السورة المباركة في كثيرٍ من آياتها المباركة؛ كونها سورة مكية جاءت تحارب مواضع الشرك واثبات الإلوهية الخالصة لله وحده، فضلاً عن ذلك شأنها أن تعمل على تقوية الوازع الدّيني لدى الإنسان، والتّرغيب في عبادة الله تعالى، وحث النّاس على صالح الأعمال، والتّرهيب الذي هو عكس التّرغيب، التخويف من عذاب الله تعالى، بسبب عدم الإطاعة وكثرة المعصية أو محاولة الإقتراب منها، وهي سُّنةٌ متّبعة في إرسال الأنبياء (عليهم السلام) المُبلغينَ بالبشارةِ والإنذار، وفضلاً عن ذلك أنَّهُ اسلوب تربوي لا يستغني عنه المربون الأفاضل؛ كونه يعود على النفس بالصلاح  ويهذبها ويزكّيها، من خلال معرفة آثارهما عند الأخذ بهما، وقد جعلت في هذا البحث مطلبان، فالأول التعريف بمعنى المرتكزات ومعنى الترغيب والترهيب، والثاني نماذج من الترغيب والترهيب في سورة يونس (عليه السلام)، مع التعضيد بسور أخرى، فضلاً عن بيان أهميتهما.
الحياة السياسية في عصر الموحدين دراسة موضوعية فنية شعر ابن ابار القضاعي ( ت 658 ه ) مثالاَ)
Authors: عبد الحميد رسن احمد , نبي احمدي محمد , يحيى معروف أ.د , اميري جهانكير أ.د
Published: February 2025

تعرضت هذه الدراسة إلى شعر ابن ابار القضاعي (658ه)، للكشف عن أغراضه وملامحه البلاغية، إذ نلحظ في دولتهم الحروب والفقر وكثرة الفتن، فضلاً عن موضوعات شعره الذي أكدت ما تقدم، وكذلك سوء الأحوال المادية، ولكن أخذ مدحه مساراً مغاييراً؛ كون التكسب لم يكن منهجه بل هموم أبناء جلدته ومدنهم هي شغله الشاغل، فضلاً عن توظيفه لمكونات الصورة الفنية لاسيما التشبيه والاستعارة، دخل في باب التكرار الذي ينسج فيه إبداعه لاسيما بتداخل المخارج الشديدة مع الرخوة بطريقة واعية، والجناس والطباق.
Investigating the Feasibility of ChatGPT for Personalized English Language Learning: A Case Study on its Applicability to Japanese Students
Authors: Sakai Noboru
Published: February 2025

This article explores the potential benefits and drawbacks of incorporating ChatGPT, an AI language model, into language learning and instruction. The author discusses the current debates surrounding ChatGPT's implementation in education, drawing on existing literature in the field of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL). The article presents case studies examining the applicability of ChatGPT in enhancing language learners' performance in multiple-choice tests, writing, and mathematics queries for standardized tests. The author concludes that while ChatGPT has immense potential in advancing language acquisition, it is important for users to exercise critical discernment and for educators to continually update their understanding of information technology to ensure effective implementation.
Universal Existence
Authors: Petrakis Sócrates Georges
Published: February 2025

Existence is the most fundamental and broad concept that can be used for definitions. Existences can be perceived as presences that change in space through interactions, attesting to the temporal dimension. The Universe, which exists and contains everything, can be considered unique because it has nothing around it with which to interact; therefore, its current existence, change or entropy variation, represented by an expansion, is defined by the interactions between its components, tending to reach a state of complete uniformity (without energy concentrations). Since universal evolution can continue if there is mass (concentrated energy) and space in between, the most extreme states of expansion and contraction are modeled, revealing an existential continuity in perpetual time. To clarify this perspective, the Standard Model, which considers 3D Space, is supplemented by the concepts of rest energy and vanishing dimensions. After considering and interweaving data and principles already presented in other studies, the addition or differentiation of this study is to present a cause for the beginning of the current expansion of the Universe and to improve the understanding of the process of existential evolution.