bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting risk to inform housing policy and practice
Authors: Ghasri Milad , Stone Wendy , Easthope Hazel , Veeroja Piret
Published: December 2022

This study explores how critical life events can be used to predict short-term, medium-term and long-term periods of housing stress for individuals and households, which might, in turn, lead to further housing and related forms of disadvantage and support needs. It considers how the identification of ‘risk pathways’ support an early intervention model of housing assistance for different population groups.Critical life events experienced by individual household members—or households as a unit—can result in housing shocks. These critical life events include positive events—for example, partnership formation, birth of child, promotion at work—as well as negative events. Negative events typically have a negative effect on household income—for example, separation or divorce, unexpected job loss and acute health conditions. They can be short-term or long-term in duration; can be planned or unanticipated; and can have acute or chronic impacts on housing and living arrangements and other spheres of life. The resulting ‘housing shocks’ can include inability to afford rent or mortgage payments; eviction; overcrowding; or housing precarity. Many such shocks are underpinned by housing stress, in which household resources are inadequate to manage affordability pressures when combined with a critical life event.The socio-demographic attributes of household members most vulnerable to entering into housing stress are young to early middle-aged adults (18–44 years); looking for work; or living in rental housing (including both private and social rental). Understanding more about critical life events as contributors to housing stress can support policy development options that go beyond the usual administrative boundaries and support intersectional approaches to reducing housing stress.
Understanding the regional landscape and contributions of crops to end hunger in the Global South: Towards a parsimonious foundation
Authors: Kruseman Gideon
Published: December 2022

International agricultural research for development contributes to the development of agricultural technologies that aim to reduce poverty, increase incomes of resource-poor farmers in low and lower-middle income countries that provide poor consumers with affordable, healthy and sustainable diets. Setting priorities for demand driven breeding that service complex and dynamic agri-food systems, requires a strong evidence base. Efforts to provide foresight to support priority setting are often contested. Our paper aims to develop a parsimonious approach to better understand the regional landscape and contributions of the various crops to end hunger in the Global South. It thereby sets out to build a foundational understanding of the current situation as a robust starting point for looking into the future. The study shows the importance of being conscious of the impact lens of interest and the inherent data limitations by bringing together evidence in a transparent manner by making comprehensive and robust open access data sets interoperable and providing a method for generating a composite index to view the evidence. The available data allowed us to pursue two lenses: a Rural Livelihoods Lens (focused on food production/supply); a Food and Nutrition Lens (focused on food consumption/demand) and a composite index of the two.
Drawing the Line: Evaluation, Boundary Work, and Boundary Objects in a New Discipline
Authors: Gerber Alison
Published: December 2022

Artistic research—research carried out by artists, through artistic practice—displays the markers of a burgeoning academic discipline. Dominant perspectives on research cultures would therefore predict that practitioners’ boundary work would play a decisive role in the development of this field. But when binary understandings come up against multiplex meanings, when and how do binaries matter? Focusing on documentary evidence drawn from the Swedish artistic research field, I consider how evaluations and boundaries interact in this emerging research discipline by theorizing the relationship between commitments to boundary work and orientations to boundary objects. This analytical perspective offers specific insights into the definition of new artistic and academic fields, and how the research conducted within them is evaluated.
“Actions imposed by circumstances”: Exceptionality in the Use of the Neurotropic Yellow Fever Vaccine, 1940s-1970s
Authors: Velmet Aro
Published: December 2022

Why did the French neurotropic vaccine against yellow fever remain in global use from 1945 to the early 1980s, despite mounting evidence that it could cause fatal encephalitis in small children? This paper investigates debates over the safety and efficacy of the French Dakar-strain vaccine at the World Health Organization in the postwar years. French microbiologists argued for retaining the vaccine, citing millions of successful vaccination in colonial Africa during World War II. Critics pointed to well-documented postwar cases of serious adverse effects, and the availability of a safer alternative – the Rockefeller 17-D strain. Investigating the WHO-s process of standardization reveals how postwar decisions to retain the Dakar strain as an emergency option, next to the 17-D vaccine, were shaped by prewar epidemiological data. These, in turn were limited by colonial infrastructure and racialized logics of wartime vaccination campaigns. Though the vaccine was supposed to be used only as an emergency alternative, in practice, its ease of use in West African settings made it the default option during outbreaks for decades.
Konsumsi dan Perilaku Konsumen
Authors: Satria Muhammad Hassel Yasa , Azwarini Fallia Maylafaiza , Nabila Aisha
Published: December 2022

Konsumsi merupakan suatu bentuk perilaku ekonomi yang asasi dalam kehidupan manusia. Dalam ilmu ekonomi secara umum, konsumsi adalah perilaku seseorang untuk menggunakan dan memanfaatkan barang dan jasa untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Dalam teori ekonomi konvensional hal terpenting dalam konsumsi adalah bagaimana konsumen mengalokasikan pendapatan untuk membelanjakan atas produk atau jasa dan menjelaskan keputusan alokasi tersebut dalam menentukan permintaan yang diinginkan.Konsumen akan menggunakan parameter kepuasan melalui konsep kepuasan (utility) yang tergambar dalam kurva indifferent (tingkat kepuasan yang sama). Setiap individu berusaha memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya melalui aktifitas konsumsi pada tingkat kepuasan yang maksimal menggunakan tingkat pendapatannya (income) sebagai keterbatasan penghasilan (budget constraint).Perkembangan zaman menuntut perindustrian untuk memenuhi keinginan dan kebutuhan konsumen yang terus meningkat. Pemenuhan akan kebutuhan dan keinginan konsumen membuat pemasar memahami terlebih dahulu perilaku konsumen sekitar.
Sikap Toleransi Dalam Pluralisme Budaya Dan Kebudayaan Di Indonesia
Authors: Satria Muhammad Hassel Yasa , Oktaviani Nadia , Fadillah Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Negara Indonesia adalah sebuah negara yang terdiri dari beranekaragam kebudayaan dan budaya. Negara Indonesia memiliki banyak daerah dimana setiap daerah memiliki ciri khas budaya tersendiri. Dengan semakin beragamnya kebudayaan masyarakat dan budaya tentunya akan semakin banyak perbedaan keinginan antara satu kelompok dengan kelompok lainnya, bangsa Indonesia selalu menjunjung tinggi nilai persatuan dan kesatuan, menjunjung tinggi dasar negara pancasila serta Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. Meskipun Indonesia terdiri dari berbagai suku bangsa, etnis, agama dan kebudayaan namun bangsa memiliki semboyan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika yang artinya “Meskipun berbeda-beda tetapi tetap satu jua” jadi meskipun bangsa Indonesia beranekaragam, mereka harus tetap satu, saling toleransi, saling menghormati antara satu sama lain, budaya satu dengan budaya lainnya agar semua masyarakat dapat hidup berdampingan secara damai tanpa terjadinya konflik perpecahan akibat perbedaan kebudayaan di Indonesia. Sebagai bangsa dengan masyarakat majemuk, tentunya kita harus benar-benar memahami makna suku bangsa, ras, agama dan kebudayaan dalam suatu masyarakat agar kita tetap sadar bahwa kita tetap satu yaitu bangsa Indonesia. Oleh karena itu pentinglah bagi suatu bangsa untuk mempelajari dan mengamalkan toleransi dan pluralisme dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara sesuai dengan Pancasila sebagai Dasar Negara Indonesia agar kehidupan rakyat berjalan sesuai cita-cita bangsa dan hidup damai dengan toleransi antardaerah.
Dinamika Pemilihan Umum Ketua Himase 2021/2022
Authors: Satria Muhammad Hassel Yasa , Aziz Hamid Abdul
Published: December 2022

Pemilihan umum sebagai sarana demokrasi telah digunakan di organisasi-organisasi universitas termasuk prodi Pendidikan Sejarah, yang notabene memiliki mahasiswa yang heterogen, melalui pemilu memungkinkan semua pihak bisa terakomodasi apa yang diinginkan dan dicita-citakan sehingga terwujud menjadi kemahasiswaan yang lebih baik. Mahasiswa pendidikan adalah komponen penentu berhasil atau tidaknya pelaksaan pemilu. Karena pada dasarmya hanya kekuatan pemilihan mahasiswalah yang bisa menentukan nasib himpunan mahasiswa sejarah kedepan. Setiap mahasiswa apapun latar belakangnya, mereka memiliki hak yang sama untuk menyatakan pendapat, menyikapi secara kritis kebijakan himpunan mahasiswa sejarah.Penelitan ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan beberapa hal, yaitu : (proses pelaksanaan Pemilu Raya di HIMASE tahun 2021/2022, (2) bentuk-bentuk partisipasi politik mahasiswa dalam Pemilu Raya HIMASE tahun 2021/2022, dan (3) faktor penunjang dan penghambat partisipasi politik mahasiswa dalam Pemilu Raya HIMASE tahun 2021/2022.Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Data penelitian yang berupa paparan data didapatkan dari penelitian ex post facto. Artinya yaitu penelitian ini dilakukan setelah kejadian itu terjadi, pengambilan datanya dengan cara wawancara dan pemanfaatan dokumen. Data terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik analisis interaktif melalui reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Instrumen uang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data berupa instrumen manusia, yaitu peneliti sendiri untuk menjaga keabsahan data, dilakukan kegiatan trianggulasi data.
Aneka Ragam Kehidupan Masyarakat Banjarmasin Di tepian Sungai Martapura
Authors: Satria Muhammad Hassel Yasa
Published: December 2022

Sungai menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan dari Banjarmasin, kota tertua di Kalimantan yang konon sudah ada sejak tahun 1526. Banjarmasin mendapat sebutan ”Kota Seribu Sungai” lantaran anak Sungai Martapura dan Barito serta sejumlah kanal bangunan Belanda yang membelah-belah kota itu. Bagi urang banua banjar, sungai memiliki arti mendalam dan merupakan urat nadi kehidupan. Walaupun jejak-jejak budaya masyarakat sungai itu kian terkikis. Begitu kota itu bertumbuh, permukiman pun meriap, termasuk rumah-rumah kayu dan semipermanen di tepian Sungai Martapura yang lebarnya sekitar 100 meter itu. Permukiman tepi sungai itu lalu dianggap menjadi bagian dari masalah perkotaan. Jejak jiwa dan emosi alami masyarakat terhadap sungai tampaknya tidak bertemu dengan para pembangun kota yang sibuk membangun daratan. Perjalanan kali itu bisa dikatakan mengintip kehidupan seperti apa adanya. Rumah-rumah di tepian Martapura bersangga tiang-tiang kayu. Ada yang menjadikan sungai sebagai halaman depan, ada pula yang menganggapnya bagian belakang rumah. Seakan gamang, sebagian rumah mempunyai dua pintu utama, satu menghadap ke jalan dan sebuah lagi ke arah sungai.
Pemikiran Materialisme Dialektis dan Historis Karl Marx Sebagai Landasan Revolusi Sosial
Authors: Satria Muhammad Hassel Yasa
Published: December 2022

Karl Marx adalah seorang filsuf, sosiologi, ekonom, politisi dan aktivis. Pemikiran-pemikirannya disebut sebagai kritik politik ekonomi dari perspektif kaum proletar yang dikenal dikenal sebagai filsafat kritis. Karya Marx banyak dipakai sebagai pisau analisis, pada dasarnya karya Marx menjelaskan tentang pemahaman filosofi keadilan sosial dengan mengambil kasus-kasus ketidakadilan dalam ekonomi yang didasarkan pada pemikirannya tentang dialectical and historical materialism. Pemikiran inilah yang membuat Marx dicap sebagai anti tuhan untuk mewujudkan masyarakat tanpa kelas, tanpa penindasan, dan tanpa alienasi masih selalu diperdebatkan.Materialisme adalah sistem pemikiran yang meyakini materi sebagai satu-satunya keberadaan yang mutlak dan menolak keberadaan apapun selain materi. Sistem berfikir ini menjadi terkenal dalam bentuk paham materialisme dialektika Karl Marx. Marx berpendapat bahwa manusia adalah makhluk alamiah dalam obyek alamiah.
Corak Kehidupan Pada Masa Kerajaan Sriwijaya
Authors: Satria Muhammad Hassel Yasa , Saputra Ahmad Khairani , Aziz Hamid Abdul
Published: December 2022

Agama Hindu-Budha diperkirakan masuk ke Indonesia pada awal Tarikh Masehi, dibawa oleh para musafir dari India. Raja-raja dan para bangsawan yang pertama kali menganut agama ini kemudian membangun kerajaan-kerajaan yang bercorak Hindu-Budha seperti Kerajaan Kutai yang terletak di Kalimantan Timur, Kerajaan Tarumanegara di Jawa Barat, Kerajaan Holing, Kerajaan Melayu di Sumatra Selatan dan berpusat di Jambi, Kerajaan Sriwijaya, Kerajaan Mataram Kuno, Kerajaan Kediri, Kerajaan Singasari, Kerajaan Bali dan Pajajaran, serta Kerajaan Majapahit. Masing-masing kerajaan tentu memiliki sejarah dan peninggalan-peninggalan yang harus kita ketahui. Salah satunya adalah Kerajaan Sriwijaya. Kerajaan yang terletak di Sumatera Selatan dan beribukota di Palembang ini memiliki nilai sejarah yang tinggi untuk kita ketahui seperti historiografi, sejarah berdirinya, lokasi kerajaan, prasasti-prasasti peninggalan, hubungan regional dan luar negeri, masa kejayaannya, masa kemunduran maupun aspek-aspek kehidupan apa saja yang terkandung dalam kerajaan ini. Kerajaan ini masih jauh lebih dulu besar dibanding sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit yang menjadi penghancurnya. Sejarahnya dapat diteladani dan menjadi inspirasi pemersatu Indonesia. Mengingat Sriwijayalah kerajaan yang menjadi kerajaan nasional dan maritim pertama sebelum ada ide menyatukan nusantara.
Kebudayaan dan Masyarakat Banjarmasin
Authors: Satria Muhammad Hassel Yasa
Published: December 2022

Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, kebudayaan umat manusiapun mengalami perubahan. Menurut para pemikir post modernis dekonstruksi, dunia tak lagi berada dalam dunia kognisi, atau dunia tidak mempunyai apa yang dinamakan pusat kebudayaan sebagai tonggak pencapaian kesempurnaan tata nilai kehidupan. Hal ini berarti semua kebudayaan duduk sama rendah, berdiri sama tinggi, dan yang ada hanyalah pusat-pusat kebudayaan tanpa periferi. Sebuah kebudayaan yang sebelumnya dianggap pinggiran akan bisa sama kuat pengaruhnya terhadap kebudayaan yang sebelumnya dianggap pusat dalam kehidupan manusia modern. Keberadaan kebudayaan dalam kehidupan manusia adalah fungsional dalam struktur-struktur kegiatan untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan-kebutuhan hidup sebagai manusia. Yaitu sebagai kategori-kategori atau golongan-golongan yang ada di dalam lingkungannya. Yaitu kategori yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memenuhi berbagai kebutuhan hidupnya sebagai manusia. Kebutuhan-kebutuhan hidup yang harus dipenuhi manusia agar dapat hidup sebagai manusia mencakup tiga kategori. Ketiga kategori kebutuhan tersebut harus dipenuhi secara bersama-sama dan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan tersebut di integrasi oleh kebutuhan adab, yang menjadikan pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup tersebut sebagai tindakan-tindakan yang penuh adab, etika, dan moral.
A Comprehensive Medication Management Liaison (CMML) Process Framework for Expanded Interdisciplinary Day-Surgery Teams
Authors: Oji Valerie U , Ansari Abdul R , Wagner Benjamin L
Published: December 2022

Implementation science (IS) in the field of surgical care can help with adoption of evidence-based strategies, prevent and manage adverse events, and facilitate high quality medical care. This could be challenging in same day or outpatient surgery settings however. This research letter explores factors in developing a framework to address medication adverse events using CMML with anesthesiology and expanded interdisciplinary outpatient surgical teams. The six-month qualitative study involved interviewing key informants on managing a case example of a perioperative anesthesia adverse event, utilizing Roger’s Diffusion of Innovation Theory as a theoretical framework. Emergent codes and themes pertained to awareness and knowledge of the problem significance, qualifications, empowerment, and financial viability of the proposed liaison role. CMML was found to be valued by study participants with safety and costeffectiveness implications. Still, CMML adoption would require addressing leadership motivators and barriers, multidisciplinary credentialing and engagement to enhance IS research capacity. Key consideration points for implementation are Pre-Admission and Recovery, Internal Medicine consults, Anesthesiologist accessibility, Patient Education, Interdisciplinary Communication. Implementation should build upon existing effective organizational processes, with a framework of Regulatory, Workforce, and Fiscal pillars for IS strategy success.
The pattern of antibiotic sensitivity of gram-negative MDR bacteria in patients admitted to the ICU
Authors: Akhondimeybodi Zohre , Meybodi Mahya Sadat Emami , Mousavi Seyed Alireza , Hamidfar Mahdie , Shahcheraghi Seyed Hossein
Published: December 2022

Due to the uncontrolled increase in the administration of antibiotics, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms in patients admitted to intensive care units has also increased. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the pattern of sensitivity and compliance of treatment with the results of culture in gram-negative MDR bacteria in patients admitted to the intensive care unit of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd. This cross-sectional study was performed over a period of one year on the results of culture of patients admitted to the intensive care unit of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd (2020). The samples included blood, urine, wounds, bronchoalveolar lavage, shunt, and throat. All patient information and antibiotics prescribed were obtained using their records. Finally, the data was entered into SPSS (v. 26) and analyzed. In total, out of 298 patients for whom initial antibiotics were started experimentally, 226 cases had the culture results consistent with one of the antibiotics that were started initially. Among the antibiotics that were used more, clindamycin showed the least agreement with antibiotic sensitivity results. Among antibiotics, clindamycin had significantly the most compatibility in blood and urine and the least compatibility in wound. The present study showed a relatively good agreement in the initial experimental administration of antibiotics.
Prevalence of animal bite cases in Kerman city
Authors: Ayatollahi Jamshid , Jam Rahim , Mousavi Seyed Alireza , Fallah Tahere , Hamidfar Mahdie , Shahcheraghi Seyed Hossein
Published: December 2022

Rabies is one of the most important common diseases between humans and animals and is considered as one of health problems in the world. This study was conducted to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of animal bite cases referred to rabies prevention centers in Kerman city. The current study was cross-sectional. All registered cases of animal bites at the rabies prevention centers in Kerman were investigated during 2021. The data of the study was analyzed according to demographic and epidemiological information using descriptive and inferential statistics methods. The results of the study showed that there were 3460 cases of animal bites and its prevalence was higher in young people and males. The most common animal bites were caused by dogs. Considering the many cases of animal bites in Kerman, it is recommended to plan educational and care activities to reduce them.
Lupeol: An Alternative Approach towards Cancer Treatment
Authors: Sharma Devender , Gupta Niraj
Published: December 2022

Cancer is a broad word for a group of neoplastic illnesses defined by changes in a cell's structure that cause it to proliferate abnormally. There are about 200 cancers detected in human body. Each type of carcinoma has different indications and symptoms, as well as different treatments. Lupeol 280 mg/g dried leafs is a chemical component found in aloe leaves. Lupeol is a triterpene active in both food and medicine. Over the last decade, an unprecedented massive increase in involvement in triterpene as a result of their cholesterol-lowering properties. The products based on triterpene are commercially over sold in the world due to its heavy demand of use. Fagarsterol another name for the chemical lupeol. It's found in foods like Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Capsicum annuum Group, Fragaria, Olea europaea, Mangifera indica, Vitis vinifera, Aloe barbandesismiller, Semaltreeetc. Lupeol was already demonstrated to be an efficient curative and protective constituent for a wide range of disorders. It is an anti-carcinogenic and curative compound. Many developments have been so far with respective lupeol dosage formulation to increase bioavailability and pharmacological effect. This manuscript also provides deep inside of recent patents associated with lupeol in past decade.
Cryptocurrency in India and its impacts on Legislation
Authors: Lohiya Sunil
Published: December 2022

Due to the rapid development of information and communication technologies, many activities in our daily life have been done online and have become more effective. Due to the huge growth in the number of online users, the concept of virtual payment has become active and a new concept has emerged recently. Which is cryptocurrency. Which facilitates the process of financial activities like buying and selling. The use of virtual currency to make various payments has become widespread in recent years. Virtual money in which cryptocurrency has a prominent place. But it is not fully regulated so most of the countries have not accepted this currency in their economic activities. The current legality of this cryptocurrency as well as its impact on this currency is a subject of study. It has responded in terms of rules and laws to develop a clear picture of its impact on various laws in India to regulate crypto currencies. Taking this matter into consideration, the present research paper has been presented.

Abstract in Gujarati Language:

માહિતી અને સંચાર તકનીકોના ઝડપી વિકાસને કારણે, આપણા રોજિંદા જીવનમાં ઘણી પ્રવૃત્તિઓ ઓનલાઈન કરવામાં આવી છે અને તે વધુ અસરકારક બની છે. ઓનલાઈન વપરાશકર્તાઓની સંખ્યામાં ભારે વૃદ્ધિ થવાથી વર્ચ્યુઅલ ચુક્વણીનો કોન્સેપ્ટ સક્રિય બન્યો છે અને એક નવો જ કોન્સેપ્ટ હાલ મા જોવા મળ્યો છે. જે ક્રિપ્ટોકરન્સી છે. જે નાણાકીય પ્રવૃત્તિઓ જેમ કે ખરીદી અને વેચાણ ની પ્રક્રિયાને સરળ બનાવે છે. તાજેતરના વર્ષોમાં વિવિધ ચુક્વણી કરવા માટે વર્ચ્યુઅલ ચલણનો ઉપયોગ વ્યાપક બન્યો છે. વર્ચ્યુઅલ મની કે જેમા  ક્રિપ્ટોકરન્સી નુ આગવું સ્થાન છે. પરંતુ તે સંપૂર્ણપણે નિયંત્રિત નથી તેથી મોટાભાગના દેશોએ તેમની આર્થિક પ્રવૃત્તિઓમાં આ ચલણને સ્વીકાર્યું નથી. આ ક્રિપ્ટોકરન્સીની વર્તમાન કાયદેસરતા તેમજ આ કરન્સી પર તેની અસર કેવી રહેસે તે અભ્યાસ નો વિષય છે. ક્રિપ્ટો કરન્સીને નિયંત્રિત કરવા માટે ભારતમાં વિવિધ કાયદાઓ પર તેની અસરનું સ્પષ્ટ ચિત્ર વિકસાવવા માટે નિયમો અને કાયદાઓના સંદર્ભમાં પ્રતિભાવ આપ્યો છે. એ બાબતને ધ્યાને લઈ પ્રસ્તુત સંસોધન પત્ર રજૂ કરેલ છે.

Keywords: ક્રિપ્ટોકરન્સી, બિટકોઈન, ડિજીટલ કરન્સી, વર્ચ્યુઅલ કરન્સી
Impacts of unemployment on mental and physical health and health risk behavior of working and educated unemployed youth in Moradabad district
Authors: Pratiksha  , Rani Seema
Published: December 2022

In the presented paper, an attempt has been made to analyze the prevalence of unemployment on mental and physical health and health risk behavior of working and educated unemployed youth of Moradabad district. On a comparative study of the facts, it is clear that the problem of feeling constant pressure was common in both unemployed and employed youths. It can also be said here that the social and family environment is responsible for the situation of this pressure in the unemployed youth, whereas in the working youth, this pressure arises due to various adverse conditions in their workplace.

Abstract in Hindi Language:

प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र में मुरादाबाद जनपद के कार्यरत् एवं शिक्षित बेरोजगार युवकों के मानसिक तथा शारीरिक स्वास्थ्य एवं स्वास्थ्य जोख़्मि व्यवहार पर बेरोजगारी के प्रभाव की व्यापकता का विश्लेषण करने का प्रसाय किया गया है। तथ्यों का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन करने पर यह स्पष्ट होता है कि लगातार दबाव महसूस करने जैसी समस्या बेरोजगार एवं कार्यरत् युवकों दोनों में सामान्य रूप से पायी गयी। यहाँ पर यह भी कहा जा सकता है कि बेरोजगार युवकों में इस दबाव की स्थिति के लिए सामाजिक एवं पारिवारिक परिवेश उत्तरदायी है जबकि कार्यरत् युवकों में यह दबाव उनके कार्यक्षेत्र की विभिन्न प्रतिकूल परिस्थितियों के कारण उत्तपन्न होता है।

Keywords: बेरोजगारी, मानसिक स्वास्थ्य, शारीरिक स्वास्थ्य, स्वास्थ्य जोख़िम व्यवहार।
Occurrence of Quinolone-Resistance Genes in Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Salmonella Enterica Serotype Typhi Isolated form Blood Sample of Patients with Typhoid Fever
Authors: S. Hassan Jabbar , Al-Tamimi Bushra J. , Ghazi Hassan Fuad
Published: December 2022

Salmonella is approved as a common foodborne pathogen, causing major health problems throughout the world particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Low-level fluoroquinolone resistance is conferred by both chromosomal and plasmid-encoded resistance, this research was carried out look into the occurrence rate of qnrA,qnrB and qnrS genes  in  Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi Cipr  ofloxacin-resistant insulate from blood samples of patients with typhoid fever. Fifteen Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolated previously from patients with typhoid fever were included in this study. All bacterial isolates were confirmed to have ciprofloxacin resistant by VITEK 2 microbial identification system; after plasmid DNA extraction; multiplex-PCR was done with primer sequences intended to plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance genes which is qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS. In this study; it was 21 qur genes amongst 15 isolates. The qnrS gene was the commonest (10/21, 47.6%) followed by qnrA (6/21, 28.5%), whereas only 4 isolates were positive for qnrB (5/21, 23.8%). Some isolates had more than one qnr genes. So, Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella typhi can have more than one gene at the same time; and the most occurrence rate in regards to qnr gene in this study was qnrS compared to qnrA and qnrB
Highlighting the Treatment Regimens used in COVID-19 epidemic in Iraq with Special Regards to Vitamin D
Authors: AL-Nema Zinah Mudhafar , Natiq Yahya Ruaa , Mubdir Khalf Noor
Published: December 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a flu-like infection caused by a novel virus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). After the widespread around the world, it was announced by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global pandemic. The symptoms of COVID-19 may arise within 2 weeks and the severity ranged from mild with signs of respiratory infection to severe cases of organ failure and even death. Management of COVID-19 patients includes supportive treatment and pharmacological medications expected to be effective with no definitive cure of the disease. The aims of this study are highlighting the management protocol and supportive therapy especially vitamin D and manifesting the clinical symptoms by patients in Iraq. An observational study was conducted on 200 patients and descriptive parameters for data were calculated to analyze the results. The mean age was 42.56±17.49 years and the majority of patients were presented with mild to moderate symptoms (78%). There were many different pharmacological treatment regimens and random doses and duration of vitamin D were taken by the patients. In conclusion, a non-specific treatment protocol was used for the patients without compliance to the national guidelines for management and treatment of COVID-19 patients in Iraq with the administration of a wide range of pharmaceutical agents that required monitoring for their safety and efficacy. Vitamin D is administered in different doses and duration without depending on the basal serum concentration.
A Study of the inhibitory effect of Terpinen-4-ol on Amastigote Forms of Leishmania tropica within Macrophages of Mouse in vitro
Authors: Hami Abdulazim Mohammed
Published: December 2022

It was recorded that Terpinen-4-ol has an anti-parasitic properties, so it will be noteworthy to intensify the studies about this compound.

This study aims to test the effectiveness of terpinen-4-ol on amastigote forms of Leishmania parasite in macrophages.

This effect was studied by adding increasing concentrations  of  Terpinen-4-ol to  culture wells containing mouse macrophages that were previously incubated with the promastigote forms of the parasites for 24 hours .Then, they were incubated for another 24 hours with increasing concentrations of Terpinen-4-ol.  After, Parasites were enumerated into macrophages in wells either treated with Terpinen-4-ol or in control wells.

Treatment with Terpinen-4-ol at concentrations (0.01%, 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%) (v/v) decreased the viability of the amastigote forms inside macrophages (24.02%, 32.74%, 66.72%, 100%) respectively, compared to control wells (water only). 

This study demonstrated an activity of Terpinen-4-ol against amastigote forms of Leishmania tropica in vitro with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC50) value was 0.0416% (v/v).
Evaluation of Hepatic Enzymes in major β-thalassemic Patients using Deferasirox
Authors: Dallal Bashi Ahmed Yahya , Fathi Fatimah Haitham
Published: December 2022

Abstract
β-thalassemia major is a genetic disease that causes sever defect in normal hemoglobin synthesis. The patients with β-thalassemia major need periodic blood transfusions that can result in accumulation of body iron, so treatment with iron chelating agent is required. Complications of this iron overload affecting many vital organs, including the liver. The aim of this work was to evaluate liver enzymes in β -thalassemia major patients with deferasirox versus without it. Two groups of β-thalassemia major patients were involved in this study named group A; 40 β-thalassemia patients of blood transfusion dependent without deferasirox, group B; 40 β-thalassemia patients of blood transfusion dependent on deferasirox. In addition to group C, 40 normal subjects as a control group. Samples of serum were obtained from all participants to be tested for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase and ferritin. The biochemical data of the patients on blood transfusion without deferasirox showed significant increases in the mean serum levels of aminotransferases and ferritin in comparison with control. Whereas the patients on blood transfusion with deferasirox exhibit significant increases in the means serum levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and ferritin in comparison with control. Iron overload may cause liver injury, shown by significant increases of; ALT and AST activities and elevated ferritin level in serum of transfusion dependent patients of β-thalassemia major. Administration of deferasirox for β-thalassemia major patients causes elevation of serum ALP activity and ferritin level.
Role of Topical Ritodrine Hydrochloride in Experimentally Induced Hypertrophic Scar in Rabbits
Authors: Kadhim Haitham , Gatea Fouad , Abu Raghif Ahmed , Ali Kholod
Published: December 2022

Hypertrophic scars are fibroproliferative illnesses caused by improper wound healing, during that, excessive inflammation, angiogenesis, and differentiated human dermal fibroblast (HDF ) function contribute to scarring, whereas hyperpigmentation negatively affects scar quality. Over 100 million patients heal with a scar every year. To investigate the role of the beta 2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR); Ritodrine, in wound scarring, the ability of beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonist (β2ARag) to alter HDF differentiation and function, wound inflammation, angiogenesis, and wound scarring was explored in HDFs, zebrafish, chick chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM), and a porcine skin wound model, respectively. A study identify a β2AR-mediated mechanism for scar reduction. β2ARag significantly reduced HDF differentiation, via multiple cAMP and/or fibroblast growth factor 2 or basic FGF (FGF2)-dependent mechanisms, in the presence of transforming growth factor betaβ1, reduced contractile function, and inhibited mRNA expression of a number of profibrotic markers. β2ARag also reduced inflammation and angiogenesis in zebrafish and CAMs in vivo, respectively. In Red Duroc pig full-thickness wounds, β2ARag reduced both scar area and hyperpigmentation by almost 50% and significantly improved scar quality. Indeed, mechanisms delineated in vitro and in other in vivo models were evident in the β2ARag-treated porcine scars in vivo. Both macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis were initially decreased, whereas DF function was impaired in the β2ARag-treated porcine wound bed. This data reveal the potential of β2ARag to improve skin scarring.
The purpose of this study was to assess the therapeutic effect of topical Ritodrine hydrochloride on hypertrophic scars in rabbits.
Thirty-two healthy male albino rabbits that divided in to 4 groups were included in the study (healthy; induced untreated hypertrophic scars; induced hypertrophic scars treated with 0.1% Triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) as a standard drug; and induced hypertrophic scars treated with 0.5% Ritodrine HCL gel twice daily for 21 days. Histopathology of skin sections, transforming growth factor beta1 TGFβ-1 level, and collagen III alpha1 in skin tissue were all used as outcome measures.
Compared to the induced hypertrophic scar group; treatment with Ritodrine significantly reduced means of TGF β1 and collagen III (p ≤0.01); significantly reduce mean score of inflammation (p ≤0.001), significantly lowered scar size (P ≤ 0.001), and significantly lower mean scar height (P≤0.001), but no significant decrease in SEI (P>0.05).
Therapy of induced hypertrophic scar with topical Ritodrine was successfully effective in rabbits. It reduced the immunological score (TGF-β1, collagen III), inflammation, and scar size in a substantial way. This effect was comparable (except in terms of SEI) to topical Triamcinolone acetonide efficacy
Isolation of Catchin and Epigallocatchin From Iraqi Rhus coriaria By Preparative High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (PHPLC)
Authors: Ibrahem Nabaa Mohammed , Khadum Enas Jawad , Mutlag Shihab Hattab
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Two compounds were isolated from the fruit part of Rhus coriaria that grow wildly or cultivated in the north of Iraq. The compounds were separated by preparative high-Performance Liquid Chromatography and their structures were established based on detailed spectroscopic techniques like FTIR and LC-MS/MS.

Keywords: Rhus coriaria, Preparative HPLC, LC-MSMS, FTIR
Synthesis, Molecular Docking Study and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of some Quinazolinone Derivatives as Nonclassical Antifolates and Potential Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Oleiwi Mohammed Abdulameer , Zalzala Munaf H.
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A series of new 4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives (S1-S4) were synthesized and characterized   by FTIR,1HNMR and 13CNMR .Their cytotoxic activity against a set of human cancer cell lines MCF-7 (breast) and A549 (lung) was evaluated using MTT assay. To detect their selectivity toward cancer cells, the compounds were also tested against epithelial cells derived from normal human fibroblast (NHF). Methotrexate (MTX) was used as a reference for comparison . All the tested compounds exhibited toxicity against the normal cells lower than cancer cells. All the tested compounds displayed higher cytotoxicity against lung cancer cell line (A549) than MTX with the most potent one is compound S2 (IC50: 5.73 µM). Among the tested compounds, compound S1 exhibited the highest antitumor activity against MCF-7cell line (IC50: 3.38 µM) compared to MTX (IC50: 27.32 µM). The binding modes of the synthesized compounds with the target proteins (DHFR and TS) were investigated by molecular docking studies using GOLD software.
Epicatechin product of Camellia sinensis leaves detection by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Ibrahim Ruaa mohammed , Zahraa Suhail Nassir
Published: December 2022

The current study performed in order to detect and quantify epicatechin in two tea samples of Camellia sinensis (black and green tea) by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Extraction of epicatechin from black and green tea was done by using two different methods: maceration (cold extraction method) and decoction (hot extraction method). Qualitative and quantitative determinations of epicatechin in two tea samples were investigated. Epicatechin identification was made by utilizing preliminary chemical tests and TLC. This identification was also boosted by HPLC and then quantified epicatechin in all ethyl acetate fractions of two tea samples. This research revealed the existence of epicatechin in black and green tea according to TLC and HPLC. The 50% aqueous ethanol was better solvent for extraction of epicatechin from leaves of tea. Quantitative estimation of epicatechin by HPLC revealed that ethyl acetate fraction of DGTAE contains the higher concentration of epicatechin than other analyzed fractions. Conclusion, tea is an excellent source of catechins particularly epicatechin that possessed various pharmacological effects.
إسهام هشام جعيط في التأريخ للنظم والمؤسّسات في بلاد المغرب
Authors: حافظي علوي حسن
Published: December 2022

تُعرِّف هذه الدراسة بإسهام هشام جعيط في التأريخ للمؤسّسات السياسيّة والعسكرية والإدارية والقضائية في بلاد المغرب في القرنين الأول والثاني للهجرة، وتبرز دوره الرائد والمؤسس في دراسة دواوين الجند والرسائل والبريد والخراج والصدقات والأعشار والطراز ودار السكّة وبيت المال، ومقارنة سير العمل في هذه الدواوين بما كان عليه الأمر في العهد البيزنطيّ، وما عرفه المشرق الإسلامي من البدايات إلى العهد العباسي الأول، وذلك في مجمل مؤلفاته بوجه عامّ، مع التركيز بوجه خاصّ على تأسيس الغرب الإسلامي: القرن الأوّل والثاني ه/ السابع والثامن م؛ والكوفة: نشأة المدينة العربية الإسلامية؛ والفتنة: جدلية الدين والسياسة في الإسلام المبكر.
هشام جعيط والسيرة النبوية: في نقد المنهج
Authors: عثمان عمرو
Published: December 2022

منذ ظهور الجزء الأول من ثلاثيّة المؤرخ التونسي العربي هشام جعيط في السيرة النبوية في عام 1999، ظهرت العديد من الردود التي تناولت هذه الثلاثية، إما بالثناء عليها أو بالحطّ منها. ركزت بعض تلك الردود على المنهج أو المناهج التي استخدمها جعيط في دراسة السيرة، بينما اهتمّ بعضها الآخر إما بتأييد النتائج التي توصّل إليها أو نفيها ودحضها. تستعرض هذه الدراسة وتناقش بعض أوجه نقد ثلاثية جعيط عن السيرة النبوية، لا سيّما ما يتعلق منها بالجوانب المنهجية في دراسة السيرة، وتُختتم ببعض الملاحظات المتعلقة بتلك الردود على جعيط، وما تدل عليه في ما يخص طبيعة الكتابة والنقد التاريخيّين في العالم العربي المعاصر، فضلًا عن فرص التواصل بين أصحاب المناهج والمدارس المختلفة.
هشام جعيط والمستشرقون
Authors: عمامو حياة
Published: December 2022

​الاستشراق هو فكر متعدّد الاختصاصات يعكس معرفة الغرب عن الشرق، ولذلك يرى إدوارد سعيد أنّ الشرق هو اختلاق غربي ليس بوصفه فضاءً جغرافيًّا، بل بوصفه ذهنية ثقافية مختلفة. وقد خاض هشام جعيط في الاستشراق باعتباره تيّارًا فكريًّا ظهر خلال القرون الوسطى وبلغ أوج تطوّره في القرن التاسع عشر. وفرّق بين مختلف التيّارات الفكرية للاستشراق، ثمّ فرّق بين الاستشراق الأوروبي اللاتيني، وخاصّة منه الفرنسي المتأثّر بالإرث الاستعماري، والفلسفة الألمانية التي تعاملت مع الإسام من دون أفكار سلبية مسبقة. فضلًًا عن التيّارات الفكرية للاستشراق، كان لجعيط اطّلاع واسع وعميق على كتابات المستشرقين الأكاديميين عن الإسام باعتماد مناهج البحث الحديثة منذ القرن التاسع عشر، وقد اعتمد على أغلبهم فيما كتبه عن تاريخ المسلمين المبكّر خاصّة، ولم يكتف بالإشارة إليهم أو الاقتباس منهم، وإنّّما ناقش كثيرًا من أفكارهم المتعلقة بالعديد من القضايا، فدعم بعضها وصوّب أفكارًا أخرى ورفض بعضها الآخر. وهنا لا بدّ من الإشارة إلى دور جعيط المحوري في إطْلاع طلبة الجامعة التونسية على الاستشراق والمستشرقين من خلال دروسه وكتاباته.
من بواكير مؤلفات هشام جعيط: سؤال الماضي وهاجس المصير
Authors: حسن محمد
Published: December 2022

تتناول هذه الدراسة كتابات هشام جعيط الأولى باللغة الفرنسيّة في التاريخ والفكر، وهي متمثّلة في مقالتين متعلّقتين بعصر الولّاة في إفريقيّة، وكتابين؛ أحدهما "الشخصيّة العربيّة الإسلاميّة والمصير العربي"، والآخر "أوروبا والإسلام: صدام الثقافة والحداثة". وقد وُشِّحت هذه المؤلَّفات بمنهج راوح بين دقّة المؤرّخ وصرامة المفكّر في فلسفة التاريخ ونظرة المتطلّع إلى واقع أفضل، وإن كان لا يخفي تشاؤمه من الراهن أحيانًا. وراوحت المؤلَّفات أيضًا بين مراحل الزمن الثلاث: الماضي والحاضر والمستقبل، سعيًا إلى توظيف التاريخ في قراءة الحاضر، وذلك في سبيل بناء ثقافة عربيّة ملتزمة بقيم الحداثة والعلمانيّة.
هشام جعيط في ميزان السيرة النبوية الحديثة
Authors: الوحيشي سمية
Published: December 2022

تنظر هذه الدراسة أولًا في مختارات من محطّات مختلفة في ما أنتجه الفكر العربي الحديث في السيرة النبوية عمومًا، ثمّ تحدّد ثانيًا، من خلال منهجية "موقعة النص في سياقه" المراحل الزمنية المختلفة التي مرّ بها نص السيرة، وتقف عند الخصائص التي اكتسبها النص في كلّ مرحلة. وتحاول أخيرًا، في ضوء هذا النتاج الفكري الحديث في السيرة، ومن خلال موقعة نص هشام جعيط ضمن سياق الخطاب الفكري الما بعد حداثوي، أن تلقي أضواءً تقييميّة جديدة على "السيرة المحمدية" التي أنتجها.
Михаил Иванович Панов: Путь в науке. К 75-летию со дня рождения. – М.: «КДУ», «Университетская книга», 2022. – 760 с.
Authors: Тумина Л.Е.
Published: December 2022

Настоящая книга – дань памяти заслуженному профессору Московского университета Михаилу Ивановичу Панову (1947–2013), 75-летие со дня рождения которого отмечается в 2022 году. М.И. Панов – замечательный ученый-гуманист, блистательный интеллектуал, самобытный и вдохновенный оратор, талантливый педагог-реформатор, опытный организатор науки, русский интеллигент в подлинном смысле этого слова. Михаил Иванович Панов – явление уникальное: математик, логик, философ, методолог науки, социолог, политолог, культуролог, специалист в области управленческого знания, публицист, прекрасный оратор и педагог. Книга посвящена осмыслению вклада крупного и многогранного ученого в различные сферы научного знания. Творческая биография, представленная в книге, позволяет раскрыть искания духа и борения мысли, ведшие ученого по тернистому пути познания. Книга адресована самому широкому кругу читателей – всем интересующимся историей отечественной науки, всем связанным с Московским университетом, а также тем, кто только собирается связать свое будущее с Московским университетом.
Квантово-холістичний характер породження та сприйняття мовлення (гіпотетичне обґрунтування)
Authors: Kholod Oleksandr
Published: December 2022

Вступ. У статті автор висуває гіпотезу про те, що процеси породження та сприйняття мовлення майбутніх журналістів мають квантово-холістичні характеристики. Дослідження здійснене завдяки теоретичним і праксеологічним методам. Практична частина дослідження присвячена спробі довести гіпотезу про те, що процеси породження та сприйняття мовлення майбутніх журналістів мають квантово-холістичні характеристики.

Методика практичної частини має декілька дослідницьких процедур, які здійснювалися в три етапи. На першому етапі досліджувані (N=43) за 180 секунд записували 10 слів, які їм спадали на думку; на другому етапі під час виконання досліджуваними (N=27) завдання з написання за 180 секунд п’яти речень, що спадали на думку, експериментатор читав шість разів текст молитви «Отче наш» українською мовою. Досліджувані не чули читання молитви. На третьому етапі виміврювався вплив мисленнєвого навіювання експериментатора, який знаходився на відстані 450–600 км від досліджуваних (N=24), на їхні асоціативні вербальні реакції під час опису уявлених досліджуваними образів. Усі отримані реакції інтерпретувалися в таблицях і діаграмах, що зафіксовано в міжнародних репозитаріях: 1) Social Science Research Network (SSRN) on February 12, 2022 (http://ssrn.com/abstract=4034175) and 2) Mendeley Data Search on February 18, 2022 (Kholod, Alexandr (2022), “For_article_Kholod_A_Quantum-holistic_2022”). Date, V1, doi: 10.17632 / gzsk33ykxv.1). Вік досліджуваних був у діапазоні від 18(19) років до 19(20) років у двох групах студентів, які навчалися за спеціальністю «журналістика».

Висновки. Встановлено, що з позицій холістичної концепції, асоціативні вербальні реакції досліджуваних мають притаманні їм квантові вербальні центри (QVC) та вербальні периферії (VP).

Усі процедури, проведені під час досліджень за участю людей, відповідали етичним стандартам Комітету з етики при Міжнародній радакційній раді наукового журналу «Соціальні комунікації: теорія і практика» (протокол № 2 від 28.02.2022).
Second Language Testing: Assessing the Psychometric Properties Causes of Second Language Writing Anxiety Scale (SLCWAS) Using Rasch Model Analysis
Authors: Alzahrani Mohammed R.
Published: December 2022

Purpose. The aim was to develop and validate (SLCWAS)so as to provide support for its application among primary school students. It was postulated the following: (1) the (SLCWAS) was developed for application to primary school students in a Saudi Arabian cultural context; and (2) the (SLCWAS) has appropriate psychometric properties.
Methods and Procedure. 190 primary school students were included in this study. CFA was conducted for testing item-factor structure of the scale. The fit indices were found to be Chi square = 32.16 (p < .001), degree of freedom = 190 (χ2 = 32.16; df = 190, χ2/df = 3.24), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = .07 (p < .05) standardized root mean- square residual (SRMR) = .05, comparative fit index (CFI) = .93, non-normed fit index (NNFI) = .96, goodness of fit index (GFI) = .96, and adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = .95. These outcomes prove that SLCWAS is a valid and reliable measure.
Results. Findings indicate that the empirical ICC curves fit well with the expected ICC curves for all the items. the levels of SLCWAS in primary school students are widely distributed. Higher Logits scores indicated that students have higher levels of SLCWAS. Males and females had the same location in answering SLCWAS items and that there was no DIF for the SLCWAS items with respect to gender.
Conclusions: SLCWAS was validated in the Rasch analysis with a sample of primary school students. The preliminary reliability investigation revealed a very high internal consistency for the scale.
Асоціативно-вербальна кваліфікація сенсорних етностереотипів сучасними носіями української мови
Authors: Semashko Tetiana , Shvets Olexandr
Published: December 2022

Мета. Шляхом дослідження глибинних закοнοмірнοстей сенсοрних кοреляцій простору людськοї свідοмοсті сформувати узагальнений асоціативний етнічний портрет свідомості сучасного українця в цілому й мовної свідомості зокрема, що презентують етнолінгвокультурне співтовариство, водночас як і систему його мовних перцептивних стереотипів.

Методи. Основним інструментарієм обрано такі методи:  метод семантико-диференціальних шкал, психοлінгвістичний метод спрямованого асοціативного експерименту, контекстуальний метод, методи спостереження, аналізу, систематизації, узагальнення  та  методу кількісних підрахунків. Застосовано комплексну методику на основі консолідації пошукового, експериментального, аналітичного, оцінного й  узагальнювального підходів.

Результати. Змодельовано асоціативні ряди слів-стимулів, які визначають еталони вербалізаторів чуттєвого сприйняття; з’ясовано напрями, за якими відбувається формування перцептивних еталонів; окреслено фактори невідповідностей реакцій на стимул у респондентів західного та східного регіонів України; виявлено мовні стереотипи сенсорного рівня, які існують у мовній свідомості сучасних українців.

Висновки. Результати спрямованого асоціативного експерименту виправдали очікування: респонденти актуалізували передбачені мовною системою об’єктивації – іменні сутності, які, інтегруючи притаманний українському етносу чуттєвий досвід, визначають еталони зорового сприйняття та репрезентують узагальнений асоціативний етнічний портрет мовної свідомості українців XXI ст., водночас як і систему його культурних перцептивних стереотипів. Отримані результати, як підґрунтя для глибшого осягнення закономірностей і тенденцій розвитку української мови у проекції на людську свідомість, сприятимуть упорядкуванню результатів внутрішнього рефлексивного досвіду українців, що, зрештою, уможливить опис української лінгвокультури.