bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A IMPORTÂNCIA DE LIBRAS NA ALFABETIZAÇÃO DO SURDO
Authors: e Silva Willian Orany Sá
Published: August 2024

Este Artigo aborda a importância da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) na alfabetização de alunos surdos e destaca a relevância de práticas pedagógicas inclusivas no contexto da educação brasileira. O objetivo principal é discutir os benefícios de Libras no processo de alfabetização desses alunos, analisando práticas pedagógicas eficazes e os desafios ainda presentes no sistema educacional. A metodologia adotada é qualitativa e bibliográfica, com análise de documentos e entrevistas com educadores e alunos. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que o uso de Libras como primeira língua, combinado com o português escrito como segunda língua, tem mostrado resultados positivos no desenvolvimento acadêmico e social dos alunos surdos. A implementação de ferramentas como o SignWriting, que facilita a ponte entre a língua de sinais e o português escrito, destacou-se como uma prática eficaz na alfabetização. Além disso, a formação contínua dos professores em Libras e a sensibilização sobre sua importância são cruciais para a criação de um ambiente de aprendizado inclusivo. A pesquisa também identificou desafios significativos, como a necessidade de maior formação e capacitação dos professores e a participação ativa das famílias no processo de alfabetização. As práticas pedagógicas inclusivas observadas na escola estudada mostraram-se eficazes, mas ainda há espaço para melhorias e inovações. Considerações finais apontam que a alfabetização de alunos surdos depende de uma abordagem holística, que considere tanto o desenvolvimento acadêmico quanto o social e emocional dos alunos. Este estudo sugere políticas educacionais que promovam uma educação equitativa e inclusiva, contribuindo para a plena integração e participação dos alunos surdos na sociedade.
contrato como forma de proteção da confiança:
Authors: Silva Diniz César Henrique
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a teoria da confiança como fundamento para a obrigação contratual, explorando seu papel na justificação das relações contratuais. A metodologia empregada baseia-se na análise de doutrinas disponíveis em livros e artigos online, tanto nacionais quanto estrangeiros, que abordam a teoria da confiança no contexto do direito contratual. A teoria da confiança vai além da mera manifestação de vontade das partes ou dos resultados que o contrato firmado pretendeu ou pretendia atingir quando celebrado, enfatizando a legitimidade das expectativas depositadas na relação contratual. Os resultados demonstram que ela não apenas oferece uma resposta à natureza do vínculo estabelecido nas relações obrigacionais, mas também estabelece uma base sólida e moralmente defensável para o direito contratual.
Inov(ação):
Authors: Soares Silva Isabela Maria , Mendes Barbosa Letícia
Published: August 2024

O uso das tecnologias de inteligência artificial (IA) está em notável ascensão. A cada dia, observamos um aumento significativo na delegação de processos decisórios, tratamentos de dados e direcionamento dos usuários das plataformas digitais por meio de sistemas algorítmicos. No entanto, é imperativo reconhecer que a tão almejada neutralidade algorítmica não condiz com a realidade. Refletindo diretamente as dinâmicas do mundo offline, as IA e os dados nelas contidos reproduzem as práticas de racialização e violências rotineiramente direcionadas às pessoas negras no Brasil. Neste sentido, este artigo busca demonstrar que a estrutura do racismo é incorporada nos mecanismos de IA, razão pela qual é necessário regulamentar o seu desenvolvimento, operacionalização e fiscalização em consonância com a ordem jurídica de igualdade e combate à discriminação. Para tanto, o artigo explora o conceito de racismo algoritmo, inclusive a partir de casos concretos.
Patenteando subjetividades:
Authors: Sousa Alves Marco Antônio , Rios Gouvea Ane Laura
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo questionar e compreender como as plataformas digitais, por meio de seus algoritmos, atuam na constituição e na modulação de comportamento dos seus usuários. Através da abordagem de sujeito, dispositivo e poder, apresentada por Michel Foucault em "História da sexualidade: a vontade do saber" e também sobre os conceitos de governo e governamentalidade trazidos no livro “Segurança, território e população”, argumentamos, em consonância com Antoinette Rouvroy e Thomas Berns, no texto “Governamentalidade algorítmica e perspectivas de emancipação: o díspar como condição de individuação pela relação?”, que as plataformas se apresentam como dispositivos foucaultianos, instituindo uma nova forma de governo, que é algorítmica,  desempenhando assim um papel na reconfiguração da nossa subjetividade. Como evidências empíricas da pesquisa, discorremos sobre algumas patentes apresentadas pela Meta Inc./Facebook entre 2018 e 2023.
Elements of Change Series: Industrial Carbon Management: Crosscutting Scientific, Technical & Policy Implications
Authors: Katzenberger John ,   Aspen Global Change Institute, Hassol Susan Joy
Published: August 2024

Industrial Carbon Management (ICM) refers to the array of technologies that enable the combustion of fossil fuels while substantially reducing or eliminating carbon emissions. Although there is a great deal of technical understanding on this subject, knowledge is isolated within a small group of technologists and little is understood about the effects of these technologies on public policy. As part of AGCI’s ongoing Elements of Change series, this report summarizes discussions that took place on this topic at an AGCI meeting in 2000. Within the report is a brief review of ICM technologies, an analysis of their role in mitigating CO2 emissions, and a discussion of the challenges ICM poses to public policy.
ANALISIS ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN BISNIS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN UMKM DI SURABAYA
Authors: Sutjahyani Dewi
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan perekonomian yang terjadi saat ini sedang berkembang dengan pesat, khususnya di Indonesia. Tercatat Indeks Tendensi Bisnis atau Indeks tingkat optimisme wirausaha di Indonesia meningkat di akhir tahun 2013. Penelitian ini di tujukan untuk mengidentifikasi kewirausahaan, bisnis dan UMKM di Surabaya. Di Surabaya terdapat 45 UMKM sebagai objek untuk pengambilan data. Pada penelitian kali ini analisis yang di gunakan untuk pengujian instrumen adalah uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda.Teknik pengujian hipotesis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji parsial (T) dan uji simultan (F). Pada penelitian kali ini di temukan keseluruhan variabel pada uji asumsi klasik 1. kedua regresi terbebas dari multikolinieritas 2. tidak terjadinya Heteroskedasitas 3. Residual model regresi berdistribusi secara menyebar dan normal.
A Principal Component Analysis Algorithm for Seed Enterprise Financial Performance and Scientific and Technological Innovation
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of ECE, Ramireddy Subbaramireddy Engineering College Kavali, SPSR Nellore, A.P, 524142, India, P Brundavani
Published: August 2024

The correlation between scientific and technological innovation and the financial performance of seed enterprises is a critical area of study in the realm of entrepreneurship and innovation management. Moreover, innovations in seed technology can enhance product quality, yield, and resilience, thereby influencing customer satisfaction and brand reputation. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm is a fundamental technique used in data analysis and dimensionality reduction. This study investigates the correlation between scientific and technological innovation and the financial performance of seed enterprises, employing the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm for performance evaluation. By analyzing a comprehensive dataset encompassing R&D investments, technological advancements, and financial metrics of seed enterprises, the study aims to uncover underlying patterns and relationships. Additionally, the Principal Component Statistical Probabilistic Network (PCA-SPN) model is utilized to further explore the complex interactions between innovation factors and financial performance indicators. Through this integrated approach, the research seeks to provide valuable insights into the drivers of financial success in the seed industry, offering actionable recommendations for enhancing innovation strategies and maximizing financial outcomes. The study demonstrated that R&D investment levels are positively correlated with revenue growth, with an average annual growth rate of 12% observed in enterprises with high R&D expenditure (exceeding $500,000 annually). Additionally, technological advancements, quantified by patent filings and adoption rates of innovative seed varieties, exhibit a strong positive association with profitability metrics, such as gross margin percentages. For instance, seed enterprises introducing patented varieties experienced an average increase of 20% in gross margins compared to non-patenting counterparts.
Relasi Suami Istri dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Keluarga Sebagai Indikator Terjadinya Nusyuz Perspektif Hukum Islam (Studi Pemikiran Burhanuddin Ibrahim al-Bajuri bin Syaikh Muhammad al-Jizawi bin Ahmad)
Authors: Muzakkir. S
Published: August 2024

This research aims to investigate how the relationship between husband and wife in managing family finances can serve as an indicator of nusyuz, considering the perspectives of Islamic law and economics as articulated by Burhanuddin Ibrahim al-Bajuri from the intellectual legacy of Sheikh Muhammad al-Jizawi bin Ahmad. Family financial management is not only about practical aspects but also reflects the moral and ethical values governed by Islamic law. The methodology used is a qualitative research type with a phenomenological approach and a study of thought. The findings from this research are expected to provide deep insights into how these principles can be applied to strengthen the relationship between husband and wife and prevent domestic conflicts. This research is expected to provide ideas that strengthen the concept of good relationships according to Islamic teachings.
Sistem Ngadas Sapi Persepektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Dan Hukum Adat (Studi Kasus Di Desa Mekarsari Kecamatan Gunungsari)
Authors: MUh. Zidni Syukran  , Abrar
Published: August 2024

This research aims to address the following questions: (1) How is the implementation of the "ngadas sapi" system in Mekarsari Village, Gunungsari District conducted, and (2) What are the perspectives of sharia economic law and customary law on the "ngadas sapi" system in Mekarsari Village, Gunungsari District. This study is qualitative research, specifically a field research. The approach used is descriptie qualitative, analyzing data based on interview results. Data collection techniques include direct observation in Mekarsari Village, interviews to support and complement the research information, and documentation to supplement data and theory. The results of the study indicate that the cooperation in the form of "ngadas sapi" in Mekarsari Village is a type of business activity that falls under the wage contract category. According to customary law, it has become a legal basis as it has been established as a local custom and does not contradict other laws
Using Geospatial Technology to Investigate The Effects of Impervious Surfaces on Flooding in Mumbai
Authors: Kumar Rishi
Published: August 2024

Flooding is one of the most common and impactful natural disasters in the world. Some areas are devastated by floods on a yearly basis. One such area is the city of Mumbai, an extremely developed and populated coastal city in India. Mumbai faces several floods each year during its monsoon season from June to September. These floods are devastating to Mumbai which is India’s financial capital. There are several theories as to why Mumbai floods so much and one theory is due to its high impervious, or artificial, surface percentage. Using geospatial technology such as satellite imagery from NASA worldview and Global Flood Monitoring System, this study focused on understanding the causes and effects of flooding in Mumbai and determining whether impervious surfaces cause more flooding in Mumbai. The flood event that was analyzed, the f loods of July 2nd 2019, was also mapped. This study suggested that Mumbai’s high impervious surface percentage and urbanization led to greater flooding which caused mortality and several economic damages. This research shows the potential for analyzing natural disasters with satellite technology and how to possibly prevent future damage from floods.
Interplay Between Nationalist Weaknesses and Communist Strengths in the Outcome of the Second Stage of the Chinese Civil War (1946–1949)
Authors: Sun Haley
Published: August 2024

A year after the sudden ending of the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945), the second stage of the Chinese Civil War began and ended in 1949 with the victory of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). There is heated debate on the cause of the Nationalists’ defeat: Was it the CCP’s strengths or the Guomindang (GMD)’s weaknesses? The outcome of the war was ultimately an interplay between the GMD’s weaknesses and the CCP’s strengths. The GMD made serious tactical errors in areas where the CCP was strong, which exacerbated the GMD’s deficiencies, and bolstered the CCP’s status as a viable alternative. In terms of both popular support and military successes, the GMD fell short, which was in stark contrast to the CCP’s immense gains. This essay demonstrates how, first of all, the Nationalists lost the support of key social groups while the Communists won their support through the attraction of their ideology and the promise of socioeconomic reforms. Second, the GMD made errors that deeply weakened their military strategy while the CCP embraced mobile warfare. In the end, the GMD’s failures were not enough to lead to their defeat, nor did the CCP’s strengths alone cause their success.
Ideological Symphonies: Beethoven and the French Revolution
Authors: Zhang Daniel
Published: August 2024

The development of western art music from the Classical era to the Romantic era is often treated as a narrative separate from its contemporary political history, despite the importance of the historical backdrop against which this shift began – the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. It was during this period, characterized by the rise of individualism and resistance against Europe’s absolutist monarchies, that the musical giant Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) produced some of his most important works. While not all of Beethoven’s works had explicit political connections, over time, there were stylistic developments within his pieces that captured the political progressiveness of the historical period. This research paper uses a range of primary and secondary sources, as well as music score evidence, to compare stylistic choices and developments over time in Beethoven’s music with the political and ideological narrative of the French Revolution, from reformist reticence to unreserved revolutionary violence. Additionally, it argues that starting from the Third Symphony, the structure of each symphony reflects the Jacobin revolutionary ideal, from violence and terror to the ultimate utopian victory. The paper concludes that while it remains unclear whether Beethoven intended the political connotation in his works, his progressive compositions present a parallel narrative to that of the French Revolution, and the stylistic developments echoing the revolutionary vigor, radicalism, and violence across his symphonies served as a means of radicalizing the public and glorifying the ideals of the French Revolution.
The Overemphasized Legacy of the Napoleonic Code
Authors: Li Zilei (Stevenson)
Published: August 2024

When we discuss the legacies of Napoleon, it is inevitable to disregard his contribution to global jurisprudence: the French Civil Code of 1804. As Emperor, Napoleon proposed to enhance his military achievements with a comprehensive codification. Although he was not the precedent in doing so, it was him who created the paradigm of all codes that we now consider “modern.” For decades, historians investigating the course of Napoleon’s codification have developed a plausible explanation of its unparalleled significance in the world; that is, it extensively embodies the ideas of the radical French Revolution, which undermined feudal regimes and shaped modern society. However, this argument reflects a common tendency of glossing the Code by adding personal interpretations through modern lenses; it is neither objective nor inaccurate. The first part of this study is largely based on James Gordley’s essay (1994) on the myths of Napoleon’s codification. We will see that ideas expressed in the Code were not as novel to people in the nineteenth century as principles of the Revolution were, because many concepts were proposed by early French writers and framers of Roman law. In the second part of the study, we will investigate the relation between codification and the modern world. We will use Latin America as an instance to illustrate the limitations of the Code due to its relative antiquity. When we combine the conclusions of the two parts, it is plain that the legacy of Napoleon’s Code is often overemphasized in the modern world.
What is The Most Common Human Factor That Threatens Marine Species in The North Atlantic Ocean Region?
Authors: Yu Alex
Published: August 2024

In the North Atlantic Ocean Region, the greatest human threat to marine species is ship strikes. The many different species that reside in the ocean are affected greatly by various human factors such as pollution, ship traffic, infrastructure in the water and net entanglement. In this paper we establish that ship strikes cause the most damage to species in the North Atlantic region. We found that ship traffic affects many species greatly, from being the cause of death for 53% of the 40 Right whales autopsied between 1970 and 2006, to hundreds of sturgeon across three distinct regions killed by this method. Ship strikes are the most damaging factor, especially to the larger marine animals in the ocean such as whales and sturgeon. Our results not only show how one factor harms these species to a great extent, but how humans, through many different forms, greatly threaten the survival of other species. We conclude that these factors will continue to harm and threaten the well-being of species unless concerted action is taken to mitigate the effects.
Religion, History, Values, and Sexual and Reproductive Health Policy in China versus the U.S.
Authors: Tao Grace
Published: August 2024

The UN’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) lay a roadmap to better environmental sustainability, living standards, social equality, and more across developed and developing nations. Among those were goals designed to address gender inequality and promote female autonomy by ensuring widespread access to sexual and reproductive healthcare. However, a solution cannot be implemented before determining potential roots or agitators to the issue. This essay, through a comparison of policies in the U.S. and China, explores the correlation between a nation’s culture and its citizens’ access to sexual and reproductive healthcare. The outcome of this analysis suggests that American cultural values (Christianity, individualism, democracy, and openness) sometimes lead to reduced access to reproductive healthcare. Eighteen American states have enacted some form of termination ban, though contraceptives remain constitutionally protected. On the other hand, Chinese cultural values (collectivism, totalitarianism, utilitarianism, and privacy) correlate with increased access, as terminations and contraceptives are both legal and widely accessible. Prevalence rates of contraception and terminations in China result in fewer unmet family planning needs.
Evaluating Resultant Moral Luck in Involuntary Manslaughter
Authors: Huang Zihan (Harrison)
Published: August 2024

Humans are imperfect beings. Our success or failure in accomplishing something almost always depends to some extent on luck, an external factor beyond our control (Nagel, 1979). This paper examines different scenarios of involuntary manslaughter in which resultant moral luck, the moral luck concerning the consequences of an action, plays a role in affecting the outcome of an ordinary action, such as driving. The term “involuntary manslaughter” can be divided into three subcategories: unlawful act manslaughter (the defendant causing death with the specific intent for the relevant crime), gross negligence manslaughter (the defendant causing death due to gross negligence), and reckless manslaughter (the defendant causing death due to recklessness). While scholars agree that involuntary manslaughter often gets lighter sentences than murder, moral luck in all three types of involuntary manslaughter remain controversial topics in criminal law today (Mitchell and Mackay, 2011). The extent to which the luck and responsibility of the offender determines their culpability provides insights into criminal lawmaking and judicature.
The Connection Between Social Relationships and Adolescent Academic Success
Authors: Cui Olivia
Published: August 2024

Adolescence is a time of heightened susceptibility to social influence; teens look to important social figures to help guide their decision-making. Thus, their social relationships hold power in shaping how adolescents regard their education. Three main factors that impact a student’s academic performance are social relationships with parents, teachers, and peers. These relationships vary in how they influence academic achievement: for parent-child relationships, the parent’s involvement with the child’s education affects academic performance, for peer-to-peer relationships, social norms regarding education is the key source of influence, and for teacherstudent relationships, the teachers’ perception and expectations of their students has the greatest impact on students’ academic performance. This paper discusses current research on the effects of social relationships (i.e., parent-child, peer-to-peer, and teacher-student) on adolescent academic success and offers explanations as to why these social relationships have such a significant impact on academic success.
Cognitive Behavioral Art Therapy in Treating Adolescent Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Narrative Review
Authors: Tao Yuan (Emma)
Published: August 2024

As Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) continues to become a prevalent psychological disorder that creates profound impacts on adolescents, concerns regarding substantial variances in cognitive development between adults and adolescents have been raised. Due to such differences, current research suggests that the effectiveness of current GAD treatments has been less effective for adolescents. Thus, new therapeutic methods are emerging. This narrative review addresses and synthesizes existing theoretical frameworks and research for one newly developed therapeutic method - Cognitive Behavioral Art Therapy (CBAT). This narrative review is conducted through search engines and databases of Google Scholar, JSTOR, and ProQuest. Results indicated that CBAT holds high theoretical potential and although active researchers in this field have only conducted 3 clinical trials, all trials demonstrated positive results in addressing adolescent GAD. This paper further discusses the theoretical analysis, implementation, and limitations of CBAT. Overall, although CBAT is potentially highly beneficial to adolescent GAD, research done on this therapeutic method is still very limited, and future studies and clinical trials should be done to further explore its effectiveness on adolescent GAD.
The Dream of St. Ursula by Carpaccio: What it Reveals About Late 15th Century Female Spirituality
Authors: Zhang Nina
Published: August 2024

In June of 2023, the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C and the Palazzo Ducale in Venice concluded an extremely rare exhibition on Carpaccio’s art. Carpaccio’s art has rarely left Venice, as his most important works are too large or too fragile. This exhibition, the first exhibition of Carpaccio’s art outside Italy, has slowly reinvigorated interest in Carpaccio’s works. Though often overshadowed by his contemporaries, Giovanni Bellini, Giorgione, and Titian, Carpaccio is the most effective in conveying the realistic Venice in 1500. (Butterfield, 2023) This paper takes Carpaccio’s most renowned piece of work, the Cycle of Saint Ursula, to investigate the extent of female power in the household and the religious sphere, referencing historical sources and analyzing the contents of St. Ursula’s room. This paper argues that women in Venice in the late 15th and early 16th centuries were restrained rather than empowered by intertwined responsibilities in the domestic and spiritual spheres.
The Neurological Mechanisms and Possible Treatments of Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Jason
Published: August 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, accounting for sixty to seventy percent of all causes of dementia. Though Alzheimer’s Disease has been discovered for more than 116 years, the disease still lacks effective treatment. This paper presents the history of Alzheimer’s disease since 1907, when it was first discovered. As a literature review, the paper explores a wide range of studies conducted by global researchers. The major focus of this paper is to illustrate the specific neurological mechanisms of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease by looking into the two most predominant theories: Amyloid Beta Plaques, and Neurofibrillary Tangles. This paper compares and contrasts the two theories and discusses possible directions that could be considered in future studies. This paper also illustrates the potential impact and changes Alzheimer’s Disease could have on the brain from a neurology perspective. Besides the pathology of the disease, this paper also reviews possible treatments and ways to prevent Alzheimer’s Disease in a variety of areas including lifestyle, diet, hormones, and FDA-permitted medicines.
The Effect on Athletes’ Performance of Selecting Lanes in the 200m Dash
Authors: Ding Youyi
Published: August 2024

During the 200 meter dash in the sport of track and field, the first 100 meters of the race are run on a curve and the second half in a straight line. Since each athlete has to stay in their own lane throughout the race, athletes in higher lanes will start ahead in a staggered pattern, so each athlete runs the same distance. A common myth in the world of track and field is that the middle lanes are the best because biomechanics tells us that there is a physical disadvantage to an inside lane because the curve is run at a tighter angle and many believe there is a disadvantage to the outside lane because you are unable able to see the other competitors race and gauge yourself. However, this study found that contrary to common belief, the outside lanes are the best and provide a notable advantage when compared to other lanes in the 200 meters. Future studies should examine why the outside lanes provide an advantage compared to other lanes, including both mental and physical factors.
Gentrification and the Displacement of Minorities: Urban Citizenship
Authors: Hosanagar Inchara
Published: August 2024

This paper explores gentrification and questions of inequality. While minority communities have long been segregated and treated unfairly, gentrification has brought these inequalities to the forefront. The disparity between minority groups and their wealthier, white counterparts grows as gentrification continues to displace them into neglected areas. Rising housing costs reduce the supply of affordable housing, preventing them from benefiting from the economic growth and increased availability of services that come with increased investment. Communities attempting to achieve economic revitalization without the disruption that displacement brings face a challenge from gentrification
AI Art Will Never Reach the Level of Human Art
Authors: Zhao Olivia
Published: August 2024

This paper discusses Artificial Intelligence (AI) in art and compares its artistic ability to that of a human. In the past few years, the increased usage of AI based tools in art has led to a concern that it will replace human artists. However, this article argues that AI cannot possibly surpass human artists due to many adverse factors: Most people prefer human artworks; AI artwork developments are based on human creativity, not original； Therefore AI art is not real art. It is important to have a definition of art; so we can compare aspects of both artificial intelligence and humans and determine which is more capable of creating real art. If art is defined as the channel for emotional transfer from the art creator to the viewer, AI-created arts are far less likely to be considered as real arts as they lack original emotion and cannot express its inner meaning for the viewers effectively. While artworks created by human artists can convey the deepest metaphysical truth by sensory/perceptual means much more effectively.
DDoSAttacks: Detection Techniques
Authors: Lin Alice
Published: August 2024

As we become more reliant on technology, we also become more vulnerable to cyberattacks. One of the most common types of cyberattacks is DDoS attacks, or Distributed Denial of Service attacks. These attacks are carried out to make certain servers or web pages unavailable, or very slow to update. One of the reasons DDoS attacks are very effective is that it is very hard to catch the attacker while the DDoS attack is occurring. Therefore, one of the crucial steps to protecting oneself against DDoS attacks is to develop a way to distinguish between DDoS traffic and normal traffic, so that the normal traffic is not affected when the DDoS traffic is being dealt with. This paper provides an overview of what DDoS attacks are, as well as some of the methods people have researched to detect DDoS attacks and distinguish between the different types of traffic.
Achieving sustainability: PepsiCo’s ESG and Customer Perception
Authors: Liu Xinning
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore consumer perceptions of PepsiCo’s sustainability efforts by analyzing the opportunity cost of their ESG investments. As a leading company in the food and beverage industry, PepsiCo has made outstanding contributions to environmental sustainability, and their ESG decisions are best for investors, consumers, and the environment. Main elements of methodology include estimation of the opportunity cost of Pepsi’s ESG program, survey through questionnaires, and interviews with PepsiCo employees. PepsiCo’s contribution to reduce environmental impact is undeniable, and the choices are in the best interests of the business. This study found that consumers’ awareness of PepsiCo’s ESG commitments is low, resulting in some consumers having concerns about the environmental impacts of PepsiCo’s operations and preventing consumers from appreciating PepsiCo’s commitment to reducing carbon emissions. Awareness must be increased to achieve the desired environmental impact, avoid consumer attrition and render the opportunity cost of PepsiCo’s ESG commitment equal to zero.
Distribution of galaxy morphological types with redshift
Authors: Harkawat Aryan
Published: August 2024

This research focuses on the relationship of the redshift of the galaxy cluster and the amount of elliptical galaxies it contains. We looked for trends or patterns that could be drawn from the data collected of the galaxies and their redshifts. The purpose behind the research is scattered online conjecture that states the merging of two galaxies will create an elliptical galaxy. While not complete proof, the findings of this research do allow further exploration into this statement. Galaxy Clusters are large groups of galaxies that are bound together through gravitational forces and can range in size and other properties. Galaxies can take on different shapes, most notably elliptical and spiral, and the goal of this study is to find if there’s a link between the redshift of a cluster and the morphological distribution of elliptical and spiral galaxies in a cluster. Using Galaxy Zoo, a morphological database, galaxies and their correlating morphology were gathered. Using a script, the data was matched to NASA’s Extragalactic Database to obtain their redshifts. Each galaxy was grouped to a certain redshift to get the percentage of ellipticals at each redshift, which was graphed using a scatter plot. A line of best fit was drawn and with it we calculated a Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient to get the correlation strength between percentage of ellipticals and redshift. This ended up as 0.9427, which signified a strong positive correlation between the two variables. Our correlation strength demonstrates that generally, higher redshifts mean higher percent of elliptical galaxies.
Psychological consequences of earthquake traumatized children and adolescents in Yushu
Authors: Xu Doris
Published: August 2024

This review dives into the ramifications of the Yushu earthquake on adolescents, exploring their vulnerability to psychological distress. The Yushu earthquake, also known as the 2010 Earthquake, was a devastating event that struck Yushu, Qinghai Province, China, on April 14. This earthquake had a magnitude of 6.9 and caused widespread destruction in the region. This earthquake serves as a catalyst for deeper explorations into the psychological outcomes of adolescents. In the review, psychological effects were pronounced, with studies revealing the prevalence of anxiety and PTSD within adolescents as an urgent matter. Biological insights into the hypothalamic pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA), hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex provide a scientific understanding of this issue. This review also discovers educational challenges faced by the Yushu earthquake survivors, as schools were severely damaged, disrupting learning routines and affecting adolescents’ daily lives. While substantial, government recovery efforts encountered challenges due to the isolation of Yushu County and the limited resources available to aid survivors. Furthermore, this report features survivors’ testimonies, highlighting the urgent need for physical and psychological support. The Yushu earthquake serves as a reminder of the importance of comprehensive disaster recovery strategies, addressing both immediate physical support and long-term psychological well-being therapy.
Analyzing Morphological Types and Color Indices of Galaxies in Clusters
Authors: Tang Ethan
Published: August 2024

Galaxy morphology is important for understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies within a cluster, as morphological type has been attributed to distance and location. The colors of galaxies are also very useful for analyzing their properties. This paper analyzes galaxy morphology, looking at the ratio of Early Type Galaxies to Late Type Galaxies within galaxy clusters at changing redshifts. Furthermore, the color indices of these galaxies are explored as the paper looks into how the colors of galaxies differ at various redshifts. It was found that Early Type Galaxies were dominant in clusters at redshifts less than one, while Late Type Galaxies were dominant in those at redshifts greater than one. Additionally, Early Type and Late Type Galaxies had similar changes in colors from redshifts 0-1, with Late Type Galaxies always appearing more blue than Early Types.
Neurobiological Foundation for Psychological Motivation Theories
Authors: Lermusiaux Tatiana
Published: August 2024

Psychological theories of motivation to date are rudimentary in that they assign the underlying explanatory component of motivation to either a single set of needs or to more cognitive influences like expectations or fairness. A review of the neurological processes taking place in motivated behaviors shows a much more complex and personalized situation. New distinctions are needed, for instance between wanting and liking, as it has been shown that wanting is a separate neural process from liking. Furthermore, neural patterns of learned dislike can be overridden by physiological imbalance that motivate new behaviors. In this review we propose that there is no grand theory of motivation that can address all individuals equally. We can, however, single out generic underlying theories, like incentive salience theory, that underlie the biological dopamine process for cue-based personal incentives. When applied to situations that require changes in motivation, such as interventions to stop a particular behavior, the current use of oversimplified theories of motivation hinder success. Therefore, this review highlights that attempting to alter a person’s behavior and motivation, especially through an intervention requires unique, personalized strategies that go beyond broad-stroke psychological theories.
The characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine and its global implications
Authors: Liu Zhihan
Published: August 2024

Based on the background of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the paper aims to illustrate the characteristics of Chinese traditional medicine and analyze the value of traditional Chinese medicine to the world. The paper uses textual analysis to examine the value of traditional Chinese medicine and how it can be applied to treat affected patients during the 2020 pandemic. Compared to allopathic medicine which is widely used around the world, traditional Chinese medicine plays its part in immunity as well as homeostasis. It shows its value in the COVID-19 treatment. Looking into the future, it can also contribute to rehabilitation, body and mental health. Also, it can be widely applied in the Western world as it has already attracted public attention, including social media platforms. In conclusion, although allopathic medicine plays a fundamental role in the medical world, traditional Chinese medicine can act as a helper and messenger.
CHROMATOGRAPHIC APPROACH IN THE ASSESSMENT OF LIPOPHILICITY OF CHLOROACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Apostolov Suzana , Mekić Dragana , Bogdanović Aleksandra , Petrović Slobodan , Matijević Borko , Mrđan Gorana , Vaštag Đenđi
Published: August 2024

Chloroacetamides are widely used and highly effective herbicides. However, in addition to the positive aspects of application, their residues and metabolites remain in water and soil for a long time, which is why they represent a threat to the ecosystem. Lipophilicity, as the most important physico-chemical parameter closely related to bioavailability or potential biological activity of compounds for the newly synthesized chloroacetamide derivatives was determined computationally by using appropriate software packages, as well as experimentally, by using thin-layer chromatography on reversed phases, RPTLC C18/ UV254s in a mixture of water and four organic modifier, separately. It was found that the chromatographic behavior of the studied derivatives of chloroacetamide is affected to a small extent by the applied organic modifier, and to a greater extent by the total number of carbon atoms in the structure of their molecules, as well as by the type of hydrocarbon substituents. Dependence between the chromatographic parameters and the software-derived values of the partition coefficient as a standard measure of lipophilicity, as well as the relevant parameters of acute ecotoxicity, was examined by using the linear regression analysis. The reliable application of chromatographic parameters in the assessment of lipophilicity and ecotoxicity of the tested chloroacetamide derivatives was confirmed by the obtained mathematical models.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SUBCUTANEOUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE RESPONSES TO CALCIUM ALUMINATE AND NANOSTRUCTURED TRICALCIUM SILICATE NANOMATERIALS IN MOUSE MODELS
Authors: Janković Ognjenka , Paraš Smiljana , Arbutina Radmila , Adamović Тijana , Mirjanić Vladan , Lovrić Jovana , Vukoje Karolina , Jokanović Vukoman
Published: August 2024

This study aimed o evaluate connective tissue reaction to experimental nanomaterial based on calcium aluminate (ALBO-CA) and commercial nanostructured tricalcium silicate DiaRoot Bioaggregate (DiaDent Group International, Burnaby, BC, Canada) in Wistar rats.The study included 36 rats aged from 10 to 11 weeks. In all animals, an incision took place on the back and two pockets of 15 mm in depth were made, in which sterile polyethylene tubes with test materials (ALBO-CA -Group F, Diaroot Bioaggregat- Group C) were implemented. The empty half of the tubes represented a negative control. After 7, 15, and 30 days (n=12), the animals were euthanized, and the tissues were processed for histological evaluation using hematoxylin-eosin (HiE) staining. Patohystological analysis included: inflammation, bleeding, fibrous capsule, and tissue integrity around the implanted material. Data were analyzed by the Mann -Whitney U test.ALBO-CA induced a statically significantly less inflammatory response after 15 (U=42.000, Z=-2.460, p=0.014) and after 30 days (U=42.000, Z=-2.198 p=0.028). At the end observation period significantly less vascular congestion (U=42.000, Z=-2.460, p=0.014) and significantly greater preservation of connective tissue integrity was noted (U =36.000, Z=-2.769, p=0.006) after ALBO-CA implantation compared to Diaroot Bioaggregate. There were no statistically significant difference in the fibrous capsule formation between the tested materials across all observation periods. The tested materials proved to be biologically acceptable, with the experimental nanostructured ALBO-CA showing a slightly better tissue response after subcutaneous implantation in rats.
Convexity dural arteriovenous fistula with Sylvian-Labbé collateral pattern: A case report
Authors: Yee Phyo Wint Shwe , Kotaro Tatebayashi , Kazutaka Uchida , Shinichi Yoshimura
Published: August 2024

Convexity dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) is associated with high-grade dAVF and is usually presented with aggressive clinical presentation. Precise diagnosis and understanding the pathogenesis are important to achieving successful treatment without complications. We report a case of dAVF with Sylvian-Labbé collateral pattern, concerning embryological development that was thought to be involved in the vascular architecture and pathogenesis of dural AVF. Thus, a 60-year-old man was presented with sudden onset of seizure with no history of trauma. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed cortical hemorrhage in the left precentral gyrus. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed the convexity dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) involving a vein that appeared to be the vein of Labbé, the drainer was anastomosed with superior middle cerebral vein (SMCV) and formed the varix. With the successful treatment with trans-arterial embolization (TAE), obliteration of dAVF was achieved with no neurological deficits. This case highlights convexity dAVF with the complex relationship between embryological development and the arcade of venous drainage route, wherein the anomaly might be acquired and caused by elevated venous pressure in a vein that appeared to be the vein of Labbé. Gaining knowledge of the embryological basis may aid in a deeper understanding of acquired pathologies.
Spindle assembly checkpoint-dependent mitotic delay is required for cell division in absence of centrosomes
Authors: Farrell KC , Wang Jennifer T , Stearns Tim
Published: August 2024

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) temporally regulates mitosis by preventing progression from metaphase to anaphase until all chromosomes are correctly attached to the mitotic spindle. Centrosomes refine the spatial organization of the mitotic spindle at the spindle poles. However, centrosome loss leads to elongated mitosis, suggesting that centrosomes also inform the temporal organization of mitosis in mammalian cells. Here, we find that the mitotic delay in acentrosomal cells is enforced by the SAC in a MPS1-dependent manner, and that a SAC-dependent mitotic delay is required for bipolar cell division to occur in acentrosomal cells. Although acentrosomal cells become polyploid, polyploidy is not sufficient to cause dependency on a SAC-mediated delay to complete cell division. Rather, the division failure in absence of MPS1 activity results from mitotic exit occurring before acentrosomal spindles can become bipolar. Furthermore, prevention of centrosome separation suffices to make cell division reliant on a SAC-dependent mitotic delay. Thus, centrosomes and their definition of two spindle poles early in mitosis provide a ‘timely two-ness’ that allows cell division to occur in absence of a SAC-dependent mitotic delay.
BMP2 and BMP7 cooperate with H3.3K27M to promote quiescence and invasiveness in pediatric diffuse midline gliomas
Authors: Huchedé Paul , Meyer Swann , Berthelot Clément , Hamadou Maud , Bertrand-Chapel Adrien , Rakotomalala Andria , Manceau Line , Tomine Julia , Lespinasse Nicolas , Lewandowski Paul , Cordier-Bussat Martine , Broutier Laura , Dutour Aurélie , Rochet Isabelle , Blay Jean-Yves , Degletagne Cyril , Attignon Valéry , Montero-Carcaboso Angel , Le Grand Marion , Pasquier Eddy , Vasiljevic Alexandre , Gilardi-Hebenstreit Pascale , Meignan Samuel , Leblond Pierre , Ribes Vanessa , Cosset Erika , Castets Marie
Published: August 2024

Pediatric diffuse midline gliomas (pDMG) are an aggressive type of childhood cancer with a fatal outcome. Their major epigenetic determinism has become clear, notably with the identification of K27M mutations in histone H3. However, the synergistic oncogenic mechanisms that induce and maintain tumor cell phenotype have yet to be deciphered. In 20 to 30% of cases, these tumors have an altered BMP signaling pathway with an oncogenic mutation on the BMP type I receptor ALK2, encoded by
ACVR1.
However, the potential impact of the BMP pathway in tumors non-mutated for
ACVR1
is less clear. By integrating bulk, single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data, we show here that the BMP signaling pathway is activated at similar levels between
ACVR1
wild-type and mutant tumors and identify BMP2 and BMP7 as putative activators of the pathway in a specific subpopulation of cells. By using both pediatric isogenic glioma lines genetically modified to overexpress H3.3K27M and patients-derived DIPG cell lines, we demonstrate that BMP2/7 synergizes with H3.3K27M to induce a transcriptomic rewiring associated with a quiescent but invasive cell state. These data suggest a generic oncogenic role for the BMP pathway in gliomagenesis of pDMG and pave the way for specific targeting of downstream effectors mediating the K27M/BMP crosstalk.