bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forward-backward translation and cross-cultural validation of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale among Tigrigna-speaking Eritrean refugees
Authors: Mogos Mulubrhan F. , Beckstead Jason W. , Evans Mary E. , Kip Kevin E. , Boothroyd Roger A.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale is a widely used instrument for studying depression in the general population. It has been translated into several languages. Cross-cultural relevance of the construct of depression and cultural equivalence of the CES-D items used to measure it are crucial for international research on depression. Given the increasing number of refugees from Eritrea entering the USA and Europe, there is a need among health care researchers and providers for an instrument to assess depressive symptoms in the native language of this vulnerable population. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employed forward–backward translation and assessed the CES-D scale for cross-cultural research and depression screening among Tigrigna-speaking Eritrean refugees. Forward–backward translation, cognitive interview and semantic analysis were conducted to ensure equivalence of comprehension of the items and instructions between Tigrigna- and English-speaking samples. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the measurement invariance of the translated version.

Findings

Translation efforts were successful as reflected by the results of semantic analysis and pilot testing. Evidence supporting the measurement invariance of data collected using the Tigrigna version of the CES-D was obtained from a sample of 253 Eritrean refugees in the USA.

Practical implications

The findings of this study provide support for reliability and validity of data collected using the Tigrigna version of the CES-D scale. This important tool for assessing depression symptoms among Eritrean refugees is now available for health care providers and researchers working with this vulnerable population.

Originality/value

This work is an original work of the authors and it has not been published previously.
Are Kenyan lecturers motivated to teach?
Authors: Bett Harry Kipkemoi
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a discussion on the overlooked side of motivation among Kenyan lecturers: the motivation to teach.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is generally a review of the current status of lecturer motivation in Kenya in relation to their teaching and research. This has been done anchored on Herzberg’s two-factor theory.

Findings

While the general belief is that lecturers are more motivated to teach than to engage in research owing to immediacy of returns (from teaching), arguments are given showing that contextual factors may contribute to lecturer demotivation in their teaching.

Practical implications

There is need to increase the number of lecturers in higher education in Kenya so as to mitigate against the overwhelming workload affecting many faculty members. A balance between hygiene and motivators should also be borne in mind, especially in relation to teaching and research.

Originality/value

The general assumption in literature is that since many lecturers in Kenya are not engaging in research, they must be motivated to teach. This study, however, argues that many contextual challenges do not motivate lecturers in the country to teach.
Skilled immigrants: a resettlement information literacy framework
Authors: Sayyad Abdi Elham , Partridge Helen , Bruce Christine , Watson Jason
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an understanding of skilled immigrants’ lived experience of using information to learn about their new setting.

Design/methodology/approach

Thematic analysis was conducted on a qualitative data set collected through 16 semi-structured interviews with newly arrived skilled immigrants in Australia.

Findings

The study uncovered six different themes of experiencing using information to learn among skilled immigrants. The themes, presented as a framework, explain skilled immigrants learn about their new life through: attending to shared stories by others; getting engaged; researching; comparing and contrasting past and present; being reflective; and being directly educated.

Research limitations/implications

The study presents the theory-to-practice translation approach of “information experience design” that enables the enactment of theoretical understanding of information research.

Originality/value

The study invites, encourages and enables information professionals to take part in interdisciplinary conversations about integration of skilled immigrants in their host countries. Using the presented framework in the study, information professionals will be able to explain skilled immigrants’ learning about their new setting from an information lens. This provides information professionals an opportunity to work with immigration service stakeholders to help them incorporate the presented framework in their real-world practice and service. Such practice and services are of potential to support newly arrived skilled immigrants to become more information literate citizens of the host society who can participate more fully in their host society.
Concept theory in library and information science: an epistemological analysis
Authors: Machado Luís Miguel Oliveira , Martínez-Ávila Daniel , Simões Maria da Graça de Melo
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the literature on concept theory in library and information science (LIS) from an epistemological perspective, ascribing each paper to an epistemological family and discussing their relevance in the context of the knowledge organization (KO) domain.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper adopts a hermeneutic approach for the analysis of the texts that compose the corpus of study following contingency and categorical analyses. More specifically, the paper works with Bardin’s contingency analysis and follows Hjørland’s families of epistemologies for the categorization.

Findings

The analysis corroborates the observations made for the last ten years about the scarcity of studies on concept theory in LIS and KO. However, the study also reveals an epistemological turn on concept theory since 2009 that could be considered a departure from the rationalist views that dominated the field and a continuation of a broader paradigm shift in LIS and KO. All analyzed papers except two follow pragmatist or historicist approaches.

Originality/value

This paper follows-up and systematizes the contributions to the LIS and KO fields on concept theory mainly during the last decade. The epistemological analysis reveals the dominant views in this paradigm shift and the main authors and trends that are present in the LIS literature on concept theory.
Chinese workers’ history: passive minds docile bodies
Authors: Leung Elly , Caspersz Donella
Published: June 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to describe an exploratory study that has sought to understand how an institutionalised docility rather than resistance has been created in the minds of Chinese workers by the Chinese State. The study proposes that this docility has been crucial in enabling China to become a world leading economic powerhouse.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper draws on Foucault’s concept of governmentality and uses the genealogical method to examine the historical events that have shaped the mentalities of today’s Chinese workers. Original interviews (n = 74) with everyday workers across industries and locations illustrate this.

Findings

It was found that the utilisation of centuries-long Confucian hierarchical rules by successive regimes has created a cumulative effect that has maintained workers docility and their willingness to submit themselves to poor working conditions that – ultimately – benefit the Chinese State and business, though this is at their expense. This finding is in juxtaposition to current research that claim that their working conditions are fostering a rising consciousness and resistance among Chinese workers.

Originality/value

This paper provides a novel explanation for why Chinese workers accept their poor working conditions and thus critiques current perspectives about Chinese worker resistance.
Analysis and synthesis of Industry 4.0 research landscape
Authors: Wagire Aniruddha Anil , Rathore A.P.S. , Jain Rakesh
Published: June 2019

Purpose

In recent years, Industry 4.0 has received immense attention from academic community, practitioners and the governments across nations resulting in explosive growth in the publication of articles, thereby making it imperative to reveal and discern the core research areas and research themes of Industry 4.0 extant literature. The purpose of this paper is to discuss research dynamics and to propose a taxonomy of Industry 4.0 research landscape along with future research directions.

Design/methodology/approach

A data-driven text mining approach, Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), is used to review and extract knowledge from the large corpus of the 503 abstracts of academic papers published in various journals and conference proceedings. The adopted technique extracts several latent factors that characterise the emerging pattern of research. The cross-loading analysis of high-loaded papers is performed to identify the semantic link between research areas and themes.

Findings

LSA results uncover 13 principal research areas and 100 research themes. The study discovers “smart factory” and “new business model” as dominant research areas. A taxonomy is developed which contains five topical areas of Industry 4.0 field.

Research limitations/implications

The data set developed is based on systematic article refining process which includes the keywords search in selected electronic databases and articles limited to English language only. So, there is a possibility that other related work may not be captured in the data set which may be published in other than examined databases and are in non-English language.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind that has used the LSA technique to reveal research trends in Industry 4.0 domain. This review will be beneficial to scholars and practitioners to understand the diversity and to draw a roadmap of Industry 4.0 research. The taxonomy and outlined future research agenda could help the practitioners and academicians to position their research work.
Multi‐trophic β‐diversity mediates the effect of environmental gradients on the turnover of multiple ecosystem functions
Authors: Martinez‐Almoyna Camille , Thuiller Wilfried , Chalmandrier Loïc , Ohlmann Marc , Foulquier Arnaud , Clément Jean‐Christophe , Zinger Lucie , Münkemüller Tamara
Published: June 2019

Much effort has been devoted to better understanding the effects of environment and biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. However, few studies have moved beyond measuring biodiversity as species richness of a single group and/or focusing on a single ecosystem function. While there is a growing recognition that along environmental gradients, the compositional turnover of multiple trophic groups influences not only productivity but multiple ecosystem functions, we do not know yet which components of multi‐trophic β‐diversity influence which ecosystem functions.

Here, we captured the biodiversity found in soils using environmental DNA to study total soil multi‐trophic β‐diversity (between all taxa regardless of their trophic group association), horizontal β‐diversities (β‐diversities within trophic groups) and vertical β‐diversity (β‐diversity across trophic groups) along a 1,000 m elevational gradient in the French Alps. Using path analyses, we quantified how these β‐diversity components mediate the effects of environmental turnover on the turnover of multiple ecosystem functions (i.e. productivity, N‐cycling, N‐leaching) and overall multifunctionality.

While we found a strong direct effect of soil properties on the turnover of multiple ecosystem functions, we also found an indirect effect of climate and soil properties through multi‐trophic β‐diversity. More specifically, only total multi‐trophic β‐diversity and the horizontal β‐diversity of saprophytic fungi were strongly related to the turnover of multifunctionality and, to a lower extent, the turnover of productivity and N‐cycling. Our results suggest that decomposition processes and resulting nutrient availability are key to understand how ecosystem functions change along soil properties and climatic gradients in alpine ecosystems.

By demonstrating how saprophytic fungi and their associated trophic groups can offset the direct responses of multiple ecosystem functions to environmental change, our study highlights the paramount importance of multi‐trophic diversity for better understanding ecosystem multifunctionality in a changing world.

A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Changes in Milk Protein Interactions and Associated Molecular Modification Resulting from Thermal Treatments and Storage
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Grosvenor Anita J. , Li Xing , Wang Xin‐lu , Ma Ying , Clerens Stefan , Dyer Jolon M. , Day Li
Published: June 2019

We investigated protein modifications that occur during short‐ and long‐term storage of raw, pasteurized, and ultra‐high‐temperature processed (UHT) milks using RE‐HPLC and redox proteomics. The RE‐HPLC results show that casein dissociation and whey protein/κ‐casein association occurred in both pasteurized and UHT milk. The extent of protein interactions was more pronounced in UHT milk after storage. The redox proteomics analyses show that primary structural level protein modifications were not correlated to processing type on the of day processing but did occur and increase during storage. Methionine oxidation was the most significant type of oxidative modification in all samples, particularly in the caseins. Methionine oxidation increased in the UHT‐treated milk samples with longer storage times, especially in the micelle‐phase proteins, likely due to the increasing exposure of these proteins as they migrated to the serum phase. Glycated and lactosylated early‐stage Maillard reaction products were also found after heat treatment, particularly in UHT‐treated milk, with the levels of these products maintained and generally increased with increasing storage time.

Practical Application

Understanding changes in protein modification during heat processing and storage of liquid milk products may help develop a model to predict the quality and shelf‐life stability of heat treated milk products.
Market response of US equities to domestic natural disasters: industry‐based evidence
Authors: Malik Ihtisham A. , Faff Robert W. , Chan Kam F.
Published: June 2019

This study investigates US industry‐based price response to domestic natural disasters over the period 1960–2015. Using an event study methodology, we estimate pre‐, during and post‐disaster impacts. We document a slower response in the pre‐disaster period than in the post‐disaster period. We further find that industries react differently to the same disaster and that reactions are not always negative. For example, meteorological disasters have a positive (negative) market impact on Gold (Banking). Moreover, we provide evidence that not every industry responds similarly to different disasters, e.g., Gold reacts positively (negatively) to meteorological (geophysical) disasters.
Characteristics of skin cancers among adult patients in an urban Malaysian population
Authors: Han Winn Hui , Yong Shin Shen , Tan Leng Leng , Toh Yen Fa , Chew Man Fong , Pailoor Jayalakshmi , Kwan Zhenli
Published: June 2019

There has been a rising incidence of skin cancers among Asians in recent years. We present a retrospective analysis of 106 skin cancers and analysed the demography, clinical subtypes of skin cancers and surgical techniques used for skin cancer treatment. In our population, skin cancers were most frequently basal cell carcinomas and diagnosed among ethnic Chinese patients.
Does human genome editing reinforce or violate human dignity?
Authors: Segers Seppe , Mertes Heidi
Published: June 2019

Germline genome editing is often disapproved of at the international policy level because of its possible threats to human dignity. However, from a critical perspective the relationship between this emerging technology and human dignity is relatively understudied. We explore the main principles that are referred to when ‘human dignity' is invoked in this context; namely, the link with eugenics, the idea of a common genetic heritage, the principle of equal birth and broader equality and justice concerns. Yet the concept is also used in favour of germline genome editing as it might improve the overall well‐being of future generations. We conclude that dignity concerns do not justify a complete ban on safe heritable genome editing but should inform the implementation of side constraints to ensure that the value judgements about human traits that are inherent in this practice do not result in a diminished basic respect for those people affected by them.
Resilient employees are creative employees, when the workplace forces them to be
Authors: De Clercq Dirk , Pereira Renato
Published: June 2019

With a basis in conservation of resources theory, this article considers the connection between employees' resilience and disruptive creative behaviour—conceptualized herein as the extent to which they generate radically new ideas for organizational improvement—as well as how this connection might be invigorated by resource‐draining work conditions that stem from excessive workloads and unfavourable decision‐making processes. Data collected through a survey administered to employees in an organization that operates in the distribution sector reveal that employees' resilience levels spur their disruptive creative behaviour, and this process is more prominent among employees who believe they have insufficient time to complete their work tasks (i.e., suffer from high work overload) and operate in organizational climates marked by high rigidity or dysfunctional politics. The findings accordingly inform organizational practitioners that the allocation of employees' personal resource bases to disruptive creative behaviours might be particularly useful among employees who face substantial adversity in their organizational functioning.
Perceived changes and perceived transferability for treating intoxicated women victims of violence among emergency clinicians after an alcohol and other drugs training program
Authors: Marshall Amy , Schultz Tim , de Crespigny Charlotte
Published: June 2019

Introduction and Aims

Given the significant overlap between alcohol intoxication and violence against women, it is imperative that emergency clinicians are equipped to care for women presenting with both issues. This research aimed to explore emergency clinicians’ perceived changes and ability to apply training, particularly to intoxicated women victims of violence.

Design and Methods

Using a pre‐post questionnaire, 74 participants of the Emergency Mental Health Alcohol and Drug program were surveyed about their education/training, awareness and use of guidelines and tools, perceived changes in knowledge, skills and confidence and ability to apply the training.

Results

Low levels of previous education/training, awareness and use of best practice tools were reported. Although high rates of change in knowledge and confidence were reported after the program, a minority (38%) felt able to apply this to intoxicated women victims of violence. Working in an emergency department (P = 0.03) and having higher qualifications (P < 0.01) were the only significant factors affecting their ability to apply the training.

Discussion and Conclusions

The lower rates of perceived ability to apply to intoxicated women victims of violence suggest a deficit in ability to translate knowledge into practice. Higher qualifications affected respondents’ ability to apply the training to intoxicated women victims of violence, suggesting that general skills learned regarding translating knowledge into practice rather than specific content may have more impact. This research indicates that clinicians’ knowledge and confidence can be positively impacted by targeted education/training, but any future education/training must include knowledge translation skills.
Botulinum neurotoxin A, blinding, and bias
Authors: Hastings‐Ison Tandy , Graham Kerr
Published: June 2019

This article is commented on by Day on page 159 of this issue.
Intravenous ketogenic diet: guidelines for ketogenic parenteral therapy
Authors: Kossoff Eric H
Published: June 2019

This commentary is on the clinical practice guide by van der Louw et al. on pages 48‐56 of this issue.
The Zealandia Volcanic Complex: Further evidence of a lower crustal “hot zone” beneath the Mariana Intra‐oceanic Arc, Western Pacific
Authors: Stern Robert J. , Tamura Yoshihiko , Shukuno Hiroshi , Miyazaki Takashi
Published: June 2019

This paper addresses formation of felsic magmas in an intra‐oceanic magmatic arc. New bathymetric, petrologic, geochemical, and isotopic data for Zealandia Bank and two related volcanoes in the south‐central Mariana arc is presented and interpreted. These three volcanoes are remnants of an older andesitic volcano that evolved for some time and became dormant long enough for a carbonate platform to grow on its summit before reawakening as a rhyodacitic volcano. Zealandia lavas are transitional between low‐ and medium‐K and tholeiitic and calc‐alkaline suites. They define a bimodal suite with a gap of 56–58 wt% SiO2; this suggests that mafic and felsic magmas have different origins. The magmatic system is powered by mantle‐derived basalts having low Zr/Y and flat rare earth element patterns. Two‐pyroxene thermometry yields equilibration temperatures of 1000–1100 °C for andesites and 900–1000 °C for dacites. Porphyritic basalts and andesites show textures expected for fractionating magmas but mostly fine‐grained felsic lavas do not. All lavas show trace element signatures expected for mantle and crustal sources that were strongly melt‐depleted and enriched by subduction‐related fluids and sediment melts. Sr and Nd isotopic compositions fall in the normal range of Mariana arc lavas. Felsic lavas show petrographic evidence of mixing with mafic magma. Zealandia Bank felsic magmatism supports the idea that a large mid‐ to lower‐crustal felsic magma body exists beneath the south‐central Mariana arc, indicating that MASH (mixing, assimilation, storage, and homogenization) zones can form beneath intra‐oceanic as well as continental arcs.
Processing of dense bioinspired ceramics with deliberate microstructure
Authors: Le Ferrand Hortense , Bouville Florian
Published: June 2019

The architectures of biological hard materials reveal finely tailored complex assemblies of mineral crystals. Numerous recent studies associate the design of these local assemblies with impressive macroscopic response. Reproducing such exquisite control in technical ceramics conflicts with commonly used processing methods. Here, we circumvent this issue by combining the recently developed Magnetically Assisted Slip Casting (MASC) technique with the well‐established process of templated grain growth (TGG). MASC enables the local control over the orientation of platelets dispersed among smaller isotropic particles. After a high‐temperature pressureless heat treatment, the grains of the final ceramic follow the same orientation as of the initial platelets. This combination allows us to produce 95% dense alumina part with a grain orientation following any deliberate orientation. We successfully fabricated microstructures inspired from biological materials with ceramics that present periodically varying patterns with a programmable pitch down to a few tens of micrometers. The periodically textured dense ceramics exhibit matching variation of local hardness, confirming the capacity of the process to tailor local properties. This unique micrometer scale control over the local mechanical properties could be applied to adapt ceramic structures to complex loads using this inexpensive and scalable process. In systems where functional properties also depend on anisotropic grain orientation, the principle presented here could enable the creation of new multifunctional ceramics.
None‐rare‐earth activated Ca14Al10Zn6O35:Bi3+,Mn4+ phosphor involving dual luminescent centers for temperature sensing
Authors: Ding Yu , Guo Ning , Lü Xiang , Zhou Huitao , Wang Lu , Ouyang Ruizhuo , Miao Yuqing , Shao Baiqi
Published: June 2019

We proposed a new strategy for utilizing rare‐earth–free‐activated self‐referencing optical material with dual activators for temperature sensing, which was synthesized by conventional high‐temperature solid‐state method and was scarcely reported. Originating from the different thermal responses of Mn4+ and Bi3+ ions, a Mn4+/Bi3+‐based dual‐emitting fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) as dual‐modal temperature signal for temperature sensing has been corroborated as a promising temperature sensing method. Due to the outstanding thermal resistance of activator Mn4+ (anti‐Stokes) benefiting from the unique 3dn electronic configurations and strong field strength of host, together with the energy transfer from Bi3+ to Mn4+ ions and excellent thermal quenching of Bi3+, this temperature‐sensitive phosphor displayed both an extensive detection temperature region ranging from 303 to 563 K and excellent absolute and relative sensitivity of 0.0147 K−1 and 1.21% K−1 respectively, both of which are higher than some foregoing reported optical materials. Furthermore, two well‐separated emission peaks at blue and red regions enabled an excellent signal discriminability and accurate temperature detection under the single‐wavelength excitation of 340 nm. In addition, freedom from rare‐earth ions contributed its possibility to be mass‐produced for meeting the needs of economic rationality, nontoxic and convenient synthesis. It is anticipated that this preliminary study would arouse peoples’ attention on exploring more novel dual activator‐based optical thermometric materials in absence of rare‐earth ions.
The origin of the modulated structure in Sr2CuO3+δ (δ = 0.4): [CuO2] in‐plane oxygen vacancy or apical oxygen vacancy?
Authors: Shen Xi , Cao Li‐Peng , Zhao Jian‐Fa , Wang Wei‐Peng , Liu Qing‐Qing , Yao Yuan , Li Jun‐Jie , Gu Chang‐Zhi , Chen Ming‐Wei , Jin Chang‐Qing , Yu Ri‐Cheng
Published: June 2019

We propose the question of the modulated structures of copper oxide is caused by the [CuO2] in‐plane oxygen vacancy or apical oxygen vacancy. Sr2CuO3+δ single‐crystal samples were prepared using high‐temperature and high‐pressure methods. The major phase of Sr2CuO3+δ (δ = 0.4) single‐crystal system is found to be constituted by the 5 a modulated structure with the Fmmm space group, which originates from the [CuO2] in‐plane oxygen vacancy appearing in octahedral Cu‐O. Besides, the presence of the [CuO2] in‐plane oxygen vacancy may obliterate the superconductivity of the system. Experimental results deduce that the oxygen vacancy may appear in the apical oxygen sites in high‐temperature copper oxide superconductors.
A comparison of elaborated and restricted feedback in LogEx, a tool for teaching rewriting logical formulae
Authors: Lodder Josje , Heeren Bastiaan , Jeuring Johan
Published: June 2019

This article describes an experiment with LogEx, an e‐learning environment that supports students in learning how to prove the equivalence between two logical formulae, using standard equivalences such as DeMorgan. In the experiment, we compare two groups of students. The first group uses the complete learning environment, including hints, next steps, worked solutions, and informative timely feedback. The second group uses a version of the environment without hints or next steps, but with worked solutions, and delayed flag feedback. We use pretest and posttest to measure the performance of both groups with respect to error rate and completion of the exercises. We analyse the loggings of the student activities in the learning environment to compare its use by the different groups. Both groups score significantly better on the posttest than on the pretest. We did not find significant differences between the groups in the posttest, although the group using the full learning environment performed slightly better than the other group. In the examination, which took place 5 weeks after the experiment, the group of students who used the complete learning environment scored significantly better than a control group of students who did not participate in the experiment.
Efficacy and safety of recombinant human interleukin‐11 in the treatment of acute leukaemia patients with chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu ZhiRong , Wang Yaxuan , Yan Jingxin , Liu Junhong , Chen Bing , Zhang LuShun , Cheng Li
Published: June 2019

Rationale, aims, and objectives

Current meta‐analysis was conducted aiming to assess the efficacy and safety of recombinant human interleukin‐11 (rhIL‐11) in the treatment of acute leukaemia (AL) patients with chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia (CIT).

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), Cochrane Library, and Wan Fang Database on 4 July 2018.

Results

Ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two observational studies were included, which involved 754 AL patients with CIT. Pooled analysis demonstrated that rhIL‐11 was beneficial on CIT: recovery time of platelet count to 50 × 109/L [weight mean difference (WMD) = −4.19 days; 95% CI: −5.01, −3.37], recovery time of platelet count to 100 × 109/L (WMD = −4.45 days; 95% CI: −4.85, −4.06), platelet transfusion volume (WMD = −6.14 U; 95% CI: −9.20, −3.09), and the rate of haemorrhage (RR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.61). Most adverse events associated with rhIL‐11 were mild to moderate.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that rhIL‐11 is effective and safe in the treatment of CIT in patients with AL.
Supervised teaching and feedback improve physiotherapists' reporting of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in physiotherapeutic electronic patient records: A proof‐of‐concept randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lamsens Liesbeth , Janssens Lotte , Peers Koenraad , Caluwé Kim , Kiekens Carlotte , Van Eldere Johan , Vanhaecht Kris , Bruyneel Luk
Published: June 2019

Rationale, aims, and objectives

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a landmark for physiotherapy to describe the full spectrum of human functioning, but ICF patient record completion could improve. In this study, we examine the effect of supervised teaching and personalized feedback on physiotherapists' completion and reporting of ICF in electronic patient records.

Method

In this proof‐of‐concept randomized controlled trial, the intervention group (10 physiotherapists) received supervised teaching and four rounds of personalized feedback on reporting of ICF components in electronic patient records. In the intervention group, review on patient record completion (n = 670 records) was performed at baseline, after teaching, after each of four feedback rounds, and at long‐term follow‐up. In the control group (five physiotherapists), which received no supervised teaching nor personalized feedback, review (n = 140 records) was performed at baseline, after the third feedback round of the intervention group, and at follow‐up.

Results

After the third round of feedback (95% vs 72% completion; β, 2.68; 95% CI, 0.62‐4.74), patient record completion was significantly higher in the intervention group. This was also true for following ICF components: “activity” (93% versus 64% completion; β, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.52‐4.54), “participation” (50% versus 14% completion; β, 3.67; 95% CI, 1.79‐5.55), and “personal factors” (35% versus 20% completion; β, 2.10; 95% CI, 0.63‐3.57). These statistically significant and clinically relevant effects persisted at long‐term follow‐up. For “environmental factors,” effects after the third round of feedback (75% vs 30% completion; β, 1.88; 95% CI, 0.63‐3.13) disappeared at follow‐up. Reporting of “body functions and structures” improved similarly across groups.

Conclusions

Supervised teaching and personalized feedback are active ingredients of an intervention to improve reporting of ICF components in physiotherapeutic patient records.
The venodilation effects of tapping versus massaging for venipuncture
Authors: Yasuda Kae , Sato Saki , Okada Kazunori , Yano Rika
Published: June 2019

Aim

To compare the effectiveness of tapping and massaging venodilation techniques by evaluating venous cross‐sectional area, venous depth, venous palpation score, and questionnaire responses of study participants.

Methods

This study had a quasi‐experimental design. Between August 2016 and October 2016, healthy adult volunteers (n = 30, mean ± standard deviation of age: 22.3 ± 2.2 years) were enrolled in this study. Three venodilation techniques were evaluated: the application of a tourniquet (Control Group), the application of a tourniquet and tapping of the participant's forearm (Tapping Group), and the application of a tourniquet and massaging of the participant's forearm (Massage Group).

Results

In all three groups, venous cross‐sectional areas increased significantly after the application of the venodilation technique. The change ratio of venous cross‐sectional area was significantly larger in the Massage Group than in the Control Group. Additionally, 83.3% of the participants selected massaging as their preferred venodilation technique, stating the technique was comfortable and provided a feeling of relief.

Conclusions

No significant differences were observed between the degrees of venodilation that were achieved using the three investigated venodilation techniques. Nonetheless, massaging was deemed the most effective technique after considering the participants' subjective comments.
Chloroplast phylogenomic data support Eocene amphi‐Pacific early radiation for the Asian Palmate core Araliaceae
Authors: Valcárcel Virginia , Wen Jun
Published: June 2019

Traditional phylogenies based on analysis of multiple genes have failed to obtain a well‐resolved evolutionary history for the backbone of the Asian Palmate group of Araliaceae, the largest clade of the family. In this study, we applied the genome skimming approach of next‐generation sequencing to address whether the lack of resolution at the base of the Asian Palmate tree is due to molecular sampling error or the footprint of ancient radiation. Twenty‐nine complete plastid genomes of Araliaceae (17 newly sequenced) were analyzed (RAxML, Beast, Lagrange, and BioGeoBears) to provide the first phylogenomic reconstruction of the group (95% of genera included). As a result, the early divergences of the Asian Palmate group have been clarified but the backbone of its core is not totally resolved, with short internal branches pointing to an ancient radiation scenario. East Asia is inferred as the most likely ancestral area for the Asian Palmate group (from late Paleocene to Eocene) from which early colonization of the Neotropics is inferred during the Eocene. The radiation of the core Palmate group took place during the late Eocene, most likely in the context of the Boreotropical hypothesis. Recurrent episodes of southward migration (to the tropics) coupled with northern latitude local extinctions (promoting geographic isolation of lineages) followed by northward expansion (promoting contact of lineages that erased the trace of preceding geographic isolation) are hypothesized to have linked to the alternation of the cold and warm periods of the Eocene.
Pharmacokinetics of altrenogest in gilts
Authors: Xiao Hongzhi , Sun Pan , Sun Feifei , Qiu Jicheng , Wang Jie , Wang Jianzhong , Lin Yalong , Gong Xiaohui , Zhang Lu , Zhang Suxia , Cao Xingyuan
Published: June 2019

Altrenogest, a synthetic progestogen, is characterized by its estrus synchronization in mares, ewes, sows, and gilts. To investigate the pharmacokinetic profile and evaluate its accumulation in gilts, 18 oral doses of 20 mg altrenogest/gilt/day were given to eight healthy gilts at an interval of 24 hr. Plasma samples were collected, and altrenogest was determined by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. WinNonlin 6.4 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters through noncompartmental model analysis. After the first administration (D 1), the pharmacokinetic parameters, including Tmax, Cmax, and the elimination half‐life (T1/2λz), were similar to those observed after the final administration (D 18). However, the mean residence time at D 1 was significantly lower than D 18. As a whole, the mean steady‐state plasma concentration (Css), degree fluctuation (DF), accumulation factor (Rac), and area under the plasma concentration–time curve in steady state (AUCss) were 22.69 ± 6.15 ng/ml, 270.64 ± 42.51%, 1.53 ± 0.23, and 544.63 ± 147.49 ng hr/ml, respectively. These results showed that after 18 consecutive days of oral administration of altrenogest, plasma concentrations of altrenogest had a certain degree of fluctuation, without significant accumulations.
Late presented congenital myasthenic syndrome with novel compound heterozygous CHRNE mutations mimicking seronegative myasthenia gravis
Authors: Nakano Yumiko , Tsunoda Keiichiro , Yamashita Toru , Mitsui Jun , Sato Kota , Takemoto Mami , Hishikawa Nozomi , Ohta Yasuyuki , Toda Tatsushi , Tsuji Shoji , Abe Koji
Published: June 2019

We found a late presented congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) patient with novel CHRNE gene mutations. Although our patient has shown blepharoptosis since youth, fatigable muscle weakness began at age 71. Genetic analysis revealed novel compound heterozygous CHRNE mutations (c.1032+2T>G, c.1306_1307 delGA). His myasthenic symptoms were well managed by oral anti‐cholinesterase drug until he died at 82‐year‐old. The present case showed mild myasthenic symptoms with very late presentation and slow progression. Late presented CMS is often underdiagnosed; therefore, genetic testing is important to distinguish it from other myasthenic disease.
Coping with multiple enemies: pairwise interactions do not predict evolutionary change in complex multitrophic communities
Authors: McClean Deirdre , Friman Ville‐Petri , Finn Alain , Salzberg Letal I. , Donohue Ian
Published: June 2019

Predicting the ecological and evolutionary trajectories of populations in multispecies communities is one of the fundamental challenges in ecology. Many of these predictions are made by scaling patterns observed from pairwise interactions. Here, we show that the coupling of ecological and evolutionary outcomes is likely to be weaker in increasingly complex communities due to greater chance of life‐history trait correlations. Using model microbial communities comprising a focal bacterial species, Bacillus subtilis, a bacterial competitor, protist predator and phage parasite, we found that increasing the number of enemies in a community had an overall negative effect on B. subtilis population growth. However, only the competitor imposed direct selection for B. subtilis trait evolution in pairwise cultures and this effect was weakened in the presence of other antagonists that had a negative effect on the competitor. In contrast, adaptation to parasites was driven indirectly by correlated selection where competitors had a positive and predators a negative effect. For all measured traits, selection in pairwise communities was a poor predictor of B. subtilis evolution in more complex communities. Together, our results suggest that coupling of ecological and evolutionary outcomes is interaction‐specific and generally less evident in more complex communities where the increasing number of trait correlations could mask weak ecological signals.
Termination of desynchronization rhythm and restoration of cardiac resynchronization by left‐sided ventricular premature complexes
Authors: Barold S. Serge , Kucher Andreas
Published: June 2019

Cardiac resynchronization devices that sense left ventricular (LV) activity and can detect interruptions of resynchronization therapy are able to record all forms of desynchronization rhythms, which are triggered by misalignment of LV timing cycles. We report five cases of this desynchronization rhythm that were terminated by isolated left‐sided ventricular premature complexes (LVPC) undetected by the right ventricular (RV) channel and unaccompanied by changes in the duration of the RV pacing cycles. In three cases, the devices did not even sense the LVPCs responsible for desynchronization termination. The restoration of resynchronization in our cases is in contrast to the traditional termination mode that is invariably associated with changes in the duration of the RV cycles.
A genome‐wide association study for partial resistance to southern corn rust in tropical maize
Authors: de Souza Camacho Lucas Rafael , Coan Marlon Mathias Dacal , Scapim Carlos Alberto , Barth Pinto Ronald José , Tessmann Dauri José , Contreras‐Soto Rodrigo Iván
Published: June 2019

Southern corn rust (SCR) is a fungal disease found on corn in several countries worldwide. In Brazil, the disease can result in productivity losses of 65%, especially in areas with a history of the disease. In this study, the genetic architecture and identification of genomic regions associated with SCR resistance was investigated by performing a genome‐wide association study. Genotyping‐by‐sequencing was performed to carry out the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and phenotypic data from two environments on a panel of 164 maize inbred lines. Eight SNPs were identified as significant for SCR resistance. These SNPs were colocalized with QTL regions, some of which underlie candidate resistance genes with functions that play an important role in the stress response during pathogen recognition. These candidate genes, involved in plant defense pathways, could be associated with partial resistance to SCR and provide a partial comprehensive insight into the genetic architecture of this trait. After validation of the SNPs, they will be useful for marker–assisted selection and for a better understanding of maize resistance to SCR.
Phrase-final lengthening modulates listeners' perception of vowel duration as a cue to coda stop voicing
Authors: Steffman Jeremy
Published: June 2019

The present study addresses how listeners may be sensitive to temporal regularities associated with prosody in their perception of durational segmental cues. Specifically, this study tests whether expectations about phrase-final lengthening mediate listeners' categorization of a “coat”∼“code” vowel duration continuum, where vowel duration cues stop voicing. Prosodic position of the target was manipulated such that it was either medial, or final in a carrier phrase. Results indicate that this prosodic manipulation influences categorization such that listeners effectively require longer vowel duration for a “code” response when the target is phrase-final, suggesting that prosodic patterns can modulate listeners' processing of temporal cues.
Sex differences in hearing: Probing the role of estrogen signaling
Authors: Shuster Benjamin Z. , Depireux Didier A. , Mong Jessica A. , Hertzano Ronna
Published: June 2019

Hearing loss is the most common form of sensory impairment in humans, with an anticipated rise in incidence as the result of recreational noise exposures. Hearing loss is also the second most common health issue afflicting military veterans. Currently, there are no approved therapeutics to treat sensorineural hearing loss in humans. While hearing loss affects both men and women, sexual dimorphism is documented with respect to peripheral and central auditory physiology, as well as susceptibility to age-related and noise-induced hearing loss. Physiological differences between the sexes are often hormone-driven, and an increasing body of literature demonstrates that the hormone estrogen and its related signaling pathways may in part, modulate the aforementioned differences in hearing. From a mechanistic perspective, understanding the underpinnings of the hormonal modulation of hearing may lead to the development of therapeutics for age related and noise induced hearing loss. Here the authors review a number of studies that range from human populations to animal models, which have begun to provide a framework for understanding the functional role of estrogen signaling in hearing, particularly in normal and aberrant peripheral auditory physiology.
Active cancellation of sound generated by finite length coherent line sources using piston-like secondary source arrays
Authors: Hu Qi , Tang S. K.
Published: June 2019

The active cancellation of the sound generated by finite length coherent line sources is investigated numerically in the present study. A secondary source consists of a central circular core enclosed within an annulus is proposed. It is demonstrated that this source type can produce a much more directional secondary sound field than a single circular piston, even its size is much smaller than the latter if its two parts are vibrating out-of-phase with the right magnitude ratio. This property gives rise to more effective spanwise sound reduction. An example of a secondary source array for broadband noise control is also provided. Though the control performance becomes weaker as frequency increases, the noise reduction within the central region of the receiver plane remains significant in all the cases included in the present study.
PD-L1 expression on nonclassical monocytes reveals their origin and immunoregulatory function
Authors: Bianchini Mariaelvy , Duchêne Johan , Santovito Donato , Schloss Maximilian J. , Evrard Maximilien , Winkels Holger , Aslani Maria , Mohanta Sarajo K. , Horckmans Michael , Blanchet Xavier , Lacy Michael , von Hundelshausen Philipp , Atzler Dorothee , Habenicht Andreas , Gerdes Norbert , Pelisek Jaroslav , Ng Lai Guan , Steffens Sabine , Weber Christian , Megens Remco T. A.
Published: June 2019

PD-L1
+
Ly6C
lo
monocytes derive from Ly6C
hi
monocytes in bone marrow and control T cell survival in tertiary lymphoid organs.
In Vivo
Efficacy of WCK 5222 (Cefepime-Zidebactam) against Multidrug-Resistant
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
in the Neutropenic Murine Thigh Infection Model
Authors: Monogue Marguerite L. , Tabor-Rennie Jennifer , Abdelraouf Kamilia , Nicolau David P.
Published: June 2019

We describe the
in vivo
efficacy of human-simulated WCK 5222 (cefepime-zidebactam) exposure against multidrug-resistant
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(meropenem MICs 8 to >256 μg/ml) in a neutropenic murine thigh infection model. WCK 5222 MICs ranged from 4 to 32 μg/ml.
Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Hardware-Associated Vertebral Osteomyelitis with Oritavancin plus Ampicillin
Authors: Dahesh Samira , Wong Brian , Nizet Victor , Sakoulas George , Tran Truc T. , Aitken Samuel L.
Published: June 2019

Weekly oritavancin plus ampicillin continuous infusion combination therapy was used to successfully treat a deep spine vancomycin-resistant
Enterococcus faecium
infection associated with hardware. Checkerboard and time-kill assays confirmed synergy between these two antibiotics.