bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between postoperative zonal fixation of hybrid tibial components in revision total knee arthroplasty and subsequent aseptic loosening
Authors: van Laarhoven Simon N. , Nota Sjoerd P. F. T. , van Hellemondt Gijs G. , Schreurs Berend W. , Wymenga Ate B. , Heesterbeek Petra J. C.
Published: January 2025

Aims

Tibial fixation in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) can present surgical challenges. It has been suggested that appropriate fixation in at least two of the three anatomical zones (epiphysis, metaphysis, and diaphysis) is essential for implant survival. However, supporting clinical data are lacking. In this retrospective case-control study, we investigated the relationship between zonal fixation of hybrid rTKA tibial components and re-revision total knee arthroplasty for aseptic loosening (rrTKA-AL).

Methods

All consecutive rTKAs with hybrid tibial components (May 2006 to December 2020) were screened for subsequent rrTKA-AL. A control group was randomly selected from the remaining cohort. Postoperative radiographs of rTKAs were scored in random order by three blinded observers for zonal fixation in the epiphysis (bone resection level below, at, or above fibular head; 0 to 2), metaphysis (number of sufficiently cemented zones; 0 to 4), and diaphysis (canal filling ratio (CFR); %). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to quantify the agreement between observers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between zonal fixation and rrTKA-AL.

Results

Overall, 33 patients underwent a further rrTKA-AL from a total of 1,173 rTKAs where hybrid tibial components (2.8%) were used. Patients requiring rrTKA-AL had a significantly lower epiphyseal bone resection level (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.76; p = 0.006), lower number of adequately cemented zones (OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.79; p = 0.004), but no difference in CFR (p = 0.858). Furthermore, patients needing rrTKA-AL had more frequently previous revisions (p = 0.047), a higher rate of a prior use of a stemmed tibial component (p = 0.011), and a higher Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute classification (p < 0.001). Agreement of zonal fixation between observers was good (ICC 0.79 to 0.87).

Conclusion

Patients in need of subsequent rrTKA-AL had lower epiphyseal bone resection levels and a lower number of sufficiently metaphyseal cemented zones following rTKA. These results emphasize the importance of appropriate metaphyseal fixation at rTKA. With this information, orthopaedic surgeons can identify patients at greater risk for rrTKA-AL and optimize their surgical technique in revision knee arthroplasty surgery.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2025;107-B(1):65–71.
National and regional trends in the prevalence of Perthes’ disease among the male population in South Korea
Authors: Kim Hong J. , Yoon Pil W. , Cho Euihwan , Jung Inyong , Moon Jun-Ki
Published: January 2025

Aims

We evaluated the national and regional trends from 2013 to 2022, in the prevalence of Perthes’ disease among adolescent males in South Korea.

Methods

This retrospective, nationwide, population-based study included a total of 3,166,669 Korean adolescent males examined at regional Military Manpower Administration (MMA) offices over ten years. Data from the MMA were retrospectively collected to measure the national and regional prevalence per 100,000 and 95% CI of Perthes’ disease according to the year (1 January 2013 to 31 December 2022) and history of pelvic and/or femoral osteotomy in South Korea. Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the Perthes’ disease prevalence and several related factors.

Results

The prevalence of Perthes’ disease showed a gradually increasing trend for a ten-year follow-up period from 2013 to 2022 with a mean of 71.17 (95% CI 61.82 to 80.52) per 100,000, ranging from 56.02 (95% CI 48.34 to 63.71) in 2013 to 77.53 (95% CI 67.94 to 87.11) in 2019. The proportion of patients with a Stulberg classification ≥ III ranged from 50.57% in 2015 to 80.08% in 2019, showing a gradually increasing trend. Following the trend for Perthes’ disease, an increase in the proportion of pelvic and/or femoral osteotomies was observed, whereas conservative treatment decreased in adolescent males. For a ten-year follow-up period, the prevalence of Perthes’ disease was highest in provinces, followed by the metropolitan area and Seoul.

Conclusion

The prevalence of Perthes’ disease in adolescent males increased over time from 2013 to 2022. In particular, the trend in the prevalence of Perthes’ disease with incongruent hips was significantly associated with overweight and obesity rates among male adolescents with a very high level of correlation.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2025;107-B(1):42–49.
Do patients with minimally displaced distal radial fractures need a plaster cast?
Authors: Costa Matt L. , Appelboam Andy , Johnson Nick A. , Mechlenburg Inger , Gundtoft Per H.
Published: January 2025

Traditionally, patients with a fracture of the distal radius are treated in a cast if they do not require surgery. If the fracture requires manipulation, the cast is moulded to hold the reduction and maintain normal anatomical alignment during healing. However, is a cast necessary for patients whose fracture does not require manipulation? Removable splints are an alternative treatment option. Such splints have the advantage that they can be adjusted to improve fit around the wrist as swelling reduces, and can be removed and reapplied for the purpose of washing or, in some cases, exercise. However, evidence for their safety and effectiveness in the management of distal radius fractures is lacking. DRAFT3 is a multicentre randomized non-inferiority trial and economic analysis designed to determine the safety and effectiveness of removable splints as an alternative to casts in the treatment of distal radius fractures that do not require manipulation.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2025;107-B(1):7–9.
Assessing the effectiveness of suprascapular nerve block in the treatment of frozen shoulder
Authors: Bennett Jonathan , Patel Neal , Nantha-Kumar Nakulan , Phillips Veronica , Nayar Sandeep K. , Kang Niel
Published: January 2025

Aims

Frozen shoulder is a common and debilitating condition characterized by pain and restricted movement at the glenohumeral joint. Various treatment methods have been explored to alleviate symptoms, with suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) emerging as a promising intervention. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of SSNB in treating frozen shoulder.

Methods

The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023475851). We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases in November 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SSNB against other interventions were included. The primary outcome was any functional patient-reported outcome measure. Secondary outcomes were the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, range of motion (ROM), and complications. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias v. 2.0 tool.

Results

A total of 12 RCTs were identified (702 patients; mean age 55 years (30 to 72)). Eight RCTs were deemed “low” risk-of-bias and four raised “some concerns”. Comparator interventions included intra-articular steroid injection (IAI), hydrodistension, physiotherapy, and placebo injection with 0.9% saline. Seven studies compared SSNB to IAI, with SSNB resulting in greater improvement in the Shoulder and Pain Disability Index (mean difference -4.75 (95% CI -8.11 to -1.39); p = 0.006) and external rotation (mean difference 11.64 (95% CI -0.05 to 23.33); p = 0.050). In three studies, SSNB demonstrated better VAS (mean difference -0.31 (95% CI -0.53 to 1.79); p = 0.004) compared to physiotherapy (with or without placebo injection). One study favoured hydrodistension over SSNB in improving ROM and VAS. There was no significant difference in outcomes between SSNB administered under ultrasound guidance or using a landmark technique.

Conclusion

SSNB can be administered in the outpatient clinic with promising outcomes compared to IAI or physiotherapy based on level I evidence. It can therefore be considered as a first-line treatment option.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2025;107-B(1):19–26.
Don’t mind the gap: reframing the Perren strain rule for fracture healing using insights from virtual mechanical testing
Authors: Tanveer Maham , Klein Karina , von Rechenberg Brigitte , Darwiche Salim , Dailey Hannah L.
Published: January 2025

Aims

The “2 to 10% strain rule” for fracture healing has been widely interpreted to mean that interfragmentary strain greater than 10% predisposes a fracture to nonunion. This interpretation focuses on the gap-closing strain (axial micromotion divided by gap size), ignoring the region around the gap where osteogenesis typically initiates. The aim of this study was to measure gap-closing and 3D interfragmentary strains in plated ovine osteotomies and associate local strain conditions with callus mineralization.

Methods

MicroCT scans of eight female sheep with plated mid-shaft tibial osteotomies were used to create image-based finite element models. Virtual mechanical testing was used to compute postoperative gap-closing and 3D continuum strains representing compression (volumetric strain) and shear deformation (distortional strain). Callus mineralization was measured in zones in and around the osteotomy gap.

Results

Gap-closing strains averaged 51% (mean) at the far cortex. Peak compressive volumetric strain averaged 32% and only a small tissue volume (average 0.3 cm3) within the gap experienced compressive strains > 10%. Distortional strains were much higher and more widespread, peaking at a mean of 115%, with a mean of 3.3 cm3 of tissue in and around the osteotomy experiencing distortional strains > 10%. Callus mineralization initiated outside the high-strain gap and was significantly lower within the fracture gap compared to around it at nine weeks.

Conclusion

Ovine osteotomies can heal with high gap strains (> 10%) dominated by shear conditions. High gap strain appears to be a transient local limiter of osteogenesis, not a global inhibitor of secondary fracture repair.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2025;14(1):5–15.
Theorising Housing Precarity Governance from A Relational Perspective: Affective Attachment of Debtors
Authors: Hoření Samec Tomáš
Published: January 2025

This article aims to theorise the housing governance of vulnerable debtor populations from a relational perspective, developing the affective attachment concept. While the emotionality of housing has been studied in housing research, the relational understanding of affects/emotions offers a fruitful perspective for understanding the interface of power (re)production between subjects and structures. The argument is supported by a literature review and excerpts from a qualitative analysis of 30 interviews with overindebted people and 20 institutional actors which demonstrate the relevance of emotions in attachment to the precarious housing market. Linking the relevance of affective attachment with moral discourses, the article shows the potential to better understand how the (self)control and (self)discipline–(self)governance–of vulnerable people could be performed by morally modulated affects and emotions.
The Endowment Effect and Housing Studies: The Role of Multiple Reference Points
Authors: Tomal Mateusz
Published: January 2025

One of the most researched and proven behavioural biases is the endowment effect, which manifests in people's higher valuation of goods they own relative to goods they do not. Loss aversion is considered the main cause of the endowment effect because of the assumption that losses loom larger than gains. Whether decisions are framed as either gains or losses depends on the adopted reference point, which is usually taken as current ownership. Mainstream behavioural economics also postulates that the decision-making process involves multiple reference points. This study aims to provide new arguments in favour of the existence of multiple reference points affecting the formation of the endowment effect based on theoretical reflections and empirical evidence from the housing market. A critical review of the literature, as well as an empirical study, revealed that there are multiple reference points in the housing market, the interaction between which leads to the endowment effect.
Introduction to the Special Issue: ‘Facing the Housing Affordability Crisis in Southern Europe: Housing Policies in the Spotlight’
Authors: Simón-Moreno Héctor , Heitkamp Thorsten , Marques Pereira Sandra , Siatitsa Dimitra
Published: January 2025

Introduction to the Special Issue: ‘Facing the Housing Affordability Crisis in Southern Europe: Housing Policies in the Spotlight’.
New Politics for Housing: Unpacking the Role of Financial Actors in Promoting the Financialisation of Housing in Portugal
Authors: Xerez Romana , Lima Joana de Mesquita , Lima Valesca
Published: January 2025

Housing is increasingly playing a key role in the global economy, acting as a catalyst for capital expansion, international investment, and wealth accumulation. The transformation of the Portuguese housing system, which has been influenced by financial actors, illustrates the expansion of finance into housing systems. This paper unpacks recent housing policy and reports on the dimensions of the changes and alterations in financial actors, markets, practices, measurements, and narratives dominant in Portugal. We find that while the liberalisation of the rental market has sparked interest from private sector investors in recent years, the anticipated improvements in housing provision and affordability have not been realised thus far. These findings shed new light on the key features of the financialisation of the Portuguese housing sector and the extent of the political power of financial actors in promoting the financialisation of housing.
Less Access and More Inequality: Evidence of and Responses to the Housing Affordability Crisis Faced by Young People in Spain’s Larger Cities
Authors: Martínez del Olmo Almudena
Published: January 2025

The sharp rise in rental prices in the absence of a decommodified housing sector has led to a growing mismatch between the Spanish housing system and households’ needs, especially in large cities. This article analyses the impact of recent housing market dynamics on housing access problems faced by young people in Madrid and Barcelona and the implications of Spain’s recently approved Right to Housing Law. Empirical evidence suggests that young people are increasingly facing exclusion from access to housing, as well as rising inequality in relation to the process of leaving the parental home, which varies depending on where they live. In this regard, the new Housing Law sets the course towards a more balanced and fair housing system. While it generates controversies and challenges, it also reflects the need for multifaceted and multi-scalar measures to address the current housing emergency, requiring greater cooperation between different levels of government.
Hunting for Education: ‘Archaeological’ Speculations on Critique and Paideia
Authors: Oliverio Stefano
Published: January 2025

This paper explores in what sense “critique” can be considered a basic educational concept, by investigating to what extent it is coextensive with the emergence of the possibility of world-disclosing and the (related) notion of the educable human in the Western tradition. In particular, the focus will be on the original separation that makes something like a world possible: the reference is to the partition between humans and animals, whose features will be outlined through a dialogue between Heidegger and Freire (strikingly similar in their assumptions on this topic).
Against this backdrop, the point of emergence of this disseverance will be indicated as occurring in hunting, through which humans set themselves free from their intimacy with animality and accessed a dimension “beyond” and “above” nature.
In their educational project, the Greeks still maintained an awareness of this ‘history,’ as is evident by the importance that hunting held in their myths about and their (philosophical) reflection on education. This idea will be investigated by also tracking the evolution of the gesture of hunting towards the horizon which presides over the creation of the school and the form of rationality and the epistemic attitude that it embodies. Finally, it is argued that in the face of contemporary (ecological) challenges, we must complement critique with post-critique, which may help us recover forgotten dimensions of our educational heritage.
Pedagogías salvajes: nuevas concepciones para una ontología relacional en educación
Authors: Alonso Del Casar Judit
Published: January 2025

El concepto de ‘Pedagogías salvajes’ parece un oxímoron a primera vista. Quizás porque en Pedagogía hemos heredado cierta preferencia por lo cultivado, lo planificado, lo civilizado y lo domesticado, no es de extrañar que nuestras percepciones entren en conflicto con lo indómito o incluso con lo espontáneo, que son algunos de los atributos con que hemos definido a lo “salvaje” como un símil de lo que también yace falto de educación. Sin embargo, acotando entre un total de seis bases de datos (Education Resourcer Information Center (ERIC), Dialnet, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), Scielo y ProQuest), se pudo comprobar que los vínculos entre la Pedagogía y lo salvaje se han actualizado recientemente en Educación Ambiental a partir del concepto de “Wild Pedagogies”. Una forma que emerge entre la literatura de Ciencias Sociales en inglés y que busca dar protagonismo a otras voces más-que-humanas para romper así con los estereotipos que han sido promovidos por las culturas occidentales y el statu quo en cuanto a la instrumentalización de la naturaleza en tiempos de paradigmas con predominancia antropocéntrica. Con ello, sus bases relacionales priorizan enfoques menos centrados en el ser humano y dicen dar paso a nuevas ontologías en educación. Este trabajo se sitúa dentro de la contextura educativo-ambiental que le da cobijo y significación teórica al término originario, además de ser una propuesta de reflexión para la Teoría de la educación como un análisis bibliográfico que converge con el nicho de reflexiones que se extraen de las que son sus seis piedras angulares hasta el año 2022: (#1) Co-profesor; (#2) La complejidad, lo desconocido y la espontaneidad; (#3) Localización de lo salvaje; (#4) Tiempo y práctica; (#5) Cambio socio-cultural; (#6) Construyendo alianzas y Comunidad Humana; y hasta el año 2024: (#7) Aprender a amar, cuidar y ser compasivo; y (#8) Ampliar la imaginación.
Use of Waste, Processing the Theme of Circular Economy in
School with the Help of Recycling Clothes
Authors: Fabula Dominik Máté , Angyal Zsuzsanna
Published: January 2025

The pedagogy of environmental education and sustainability
has long been an important part of children's education both
worldwide and in Hungary. We have been aware of our planet's
problems for decades, and finding solutions to them is an
increasingly pressing issue. The pedagogy of environmental
education and sustainability aims to target these questions during
the education of children. In Hungary, these goals are mostly to
be achieved with the help of natural science subjects and with the
sustainability subject, which can be chosen as an independent
matriculation subject from September 2022. The subject of
sustainability is still taught in a few institutions. However, the
issue of sustainability and the lessons associated with it have
been supported by the program called Sustainability Theme Week
since 2016. A lesson plan by Dominik Máté Fabula that was created
during a public tender they announced is also the basis of the
present work, which is about the reuse and recycling of clothes
based on a circular economy. The students, learning the difference
between the linear and circular economy, must work out the
possibilities of recycling clothes in group work. In our study, we
will present the possibility of implementing the lesson plan,
possible practical changes, and experiences after implementation.
Konkurenciaelemzés szükségessége és néhány módszere
Authors: Benkő-Kiss Árpád
Published: January 2025

Companies in the competitive market suffers continuous
pressure by competitors. The occurrence and the presence of
competitors in the marketing segments needs reactions, pliancy,
and analysis. The competitor analysis must be a complex and
planned process to determine, evaluate our competitors' behaviour
and helps to determine the adequate answers.
Csapatépítő programok hatása a vállalaton belüli
kommunikációra és a munkahelyi légkörre
Authors: György Hampel , Mendlerné Oszmayer Ágnes , Zsótér Brigitta
Published: January 2025

A csapatépítő programoknak, közösségi eseményeknek fontos
szerepe van egy vállalkozás életében. A munkavállalók egymással
való jó kapcsolata megkönnyíti a kommunikációt és jobb minőségű
munkavégzést, produktumot eredményez. A családias környezet és jó
munkakörülmények hozzájárulnak a dolgozói elégedettséghez,
vállalat iránti elkötelezettségéhez. Egy dél-alföldi
élelmiszerfeldolgozó kisvállalkozás munkavállalóinak körében
felmérés készítettünk arról, hogy hogyan értékelik a
vállalatvezetés elmúlt 3 évben tett ilyen irányú törekvéseit. A
felmérés eredményei alapján a dolgozók pozitívan értékelik a
csapatépítő, közösségformáló szándékkal bevezetett programokat.
Szívesen vesznek részt a programokon, javult a cégen belüli
kommunikáció és a munkahelyi légkör is.
Niche marketing alkalmazása a kézműves élelmiszerek piacán
Authors: Lendvai Edina , Kőműves Hédi
Published: January 2025

A niche marketing előnye a tömegmarketinggel szemben, hogy
gyorsabban tud reagálni a meglévő és gyorsan változó kisebb
piacokra, ahol a rugalmasság és a megkülönböztethetőség
felértékelődik. A kutatásunk során a kézműves élelmiszerek piacán
a COVID-19 pandémia hatásának vizsgálatát célozza meg. A primer
kutatás a niche marketing stratégia elemeire és az
élelmiszerfogyasztói magatartást befolyásoló tényezőkre fokuszál.
A szekunder kutatásban bemutatásra kerül egy online piac, valamint
a pandémia hatására bekövetkezett egyes fogyasztói magatartások.
Felmérésünkben kérdőív segítségével vizsgáltuk a Bödön Piacon
árusító termelők alkalmazkodását az új helyzethez. Emellett a
fogyasztói oldal is feltérképezésre került, de az nem szerepel a
tanulmányban. Az eredmények szerint a pandémia hatására az
alkalmazkodás terén a bankkártyás fizetés és a házhozszállítás
iránti igény nőtt. A promóció és az értékesítési csatornák
bővítése terén az online jelenlét fontosságát felismerték és
alkalmazták a termelők.
Notes on the taxonomic status and typification of Litsea nicobarica (Lauraceae)
Authors: Tapas Chakrabarty , Anand Kumar , Partha Pratim Ghoshal
Published: January 2025

The name Litsea nicobarica Bhuinya & P.Singh is lectotypified and is synonymized under L. glutinosa (Lour.) C.B. Rob.
Implementación del enfoque basado en riesgos como solución para la lucha contra del lavado de dinero en México
Authors: Ledesma López Manuel
Published: January 2025

A través del presente trabajo se analizan las responsabilidades que tiene el Notario Público con respecto a la ley antilavado, cual es su situación actual, se plantea la necesidad de una reforma de ley para convertirlo en un real coadyuvante en el combate del enriquecimiento ilícito en México. En este estudio se tratarán algunas particularidades de las legislaciones de España, Ecuador y Chile con la intención de tomar algunas buenas prácticas internacionales y de esta forma proponer una solución incorporando a nuestra legislación el enfoque basado en riesgos, entre otros elementos.
Traslado de Personas Extranjeras condenadas penalmente
Authors: Astrain Bañuelos Leandro Eduardo , Martínez Nava Susana
Published: January 2025

El traslado de personas condenadas en el extranjero tiene como propósito que se logre de manera efectiva la readaptación o reinserción social de aquellos sujetos que han sido sentenciados penalmente en un Estado del que no son nacionales, para que cumplan su pena en el Estado del que son originarios o bien en el que residen habitualmente. Para su procedencia, se requiere el cumplimiento de una serie de requisitos contemplados ya sea en las convenciones internacionales suscritas entre los Estados involucrados (el que condena y el que recibirá a su nacional para el cumplimiento de la pena) o bien en la Ley Nacional de Ejecución Penal (LNEP), cuando no exista una convención de esta naturaleza. Las personas extranjeras privadas de su libertad en cumplimiento de una pena que les fue impuesta constituyen un grupo vulnerable dentro de otro que por sí mismo representa un sector al que con frecuencia se le suelen violar sus derechos humanos. Por ello, su repatriación al Estado del que son originarios para cumplir su condena es un derecho humano que todo Estado debe garantizar, por lo que no es de extrañar que se encuentra contenido tanto en la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (CPEUM) como en diversas convenciones internacionales tanto bilaterales como multilaterales.
H.L.A. Hart sobre Responsabilidad
Authors: Mora Sifuentes Francisco M.
Published: January 2025

Uno de los temas centrales para la teoría jurídica es el análisis del concepto de responsabilidad. Se trata de una noción muy controvertida en los discursos normativos y se encuentra entre las más difíciles de abordar en el derecho. Este ensayo vuelve a la reconstrucción que de ella ofreció por H.L.A. Hart por dos razones básicas. La primera es de tipo general: su análisis se cuenta entre los más influyentes sobre responsabilidad para la disciplina. La segunda, está referida a la obra hartiana en sí: dicho tratamiento ofrece un marco fructífero para explicitar los compromisos teoréticos, metodológicos o, incluso, metafísicos del autor. En particular, me interesa hacer una breve incursión al problema del libre albedrío y a la postura defendida por él. Después de analizar y discutir los distintos sentidos de la noción identificados por el profesor de Oxford, con especial énfasis en la de responsabilidad-liability, concluyó con unas reflexiones finales.
Cultura de Paz, Derechos Humanos, Garantías y Estado constitucional y democrático de derecho
Authors: Martínez Vela Luis Manuel
Published: January 2025

La cultura de la paz encuentra inspiración en el ideal democrático de la inclusión, participación, libre manifestación de ideas, creencias y expresiones. La paz se inserta aquí, en la base del Estado constitucional como derecho humano, al cual también se le reconocen garantías, que deben responder de forma efectiva frente a cualquier gesto que la perturbe, el problema hoy es la falta de asequibilidad, accesibilidad y alcance de estas, particularmente del juicio de amparo tratándose de intereses difusos. El recorrido en torno a la instrumentación de las garantías en un contexto adverso a la paz nos llevará a identificar las carencias y oportunidades para detonar su preservación, de cara a las múltiples manifestaciones de violencia que la fragmentan.
Public Health Threats Posed by Biofilms and Innovative Strategies for their Control
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam university Islamabad, Pakistan, Abbas Syed Hamza , Khan Shahzar ,   Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam university Islamabad, Pakistan, Shah Majid ,   Saidu Medical College, Saidu Sharif, Pakistan,   Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital, Saidu Sharif, Pakistan, Aslam Jawad ,   Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan, Nawaz Humaira ,   Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam university Islamabad, Pakistan, Ilyas Nadia ,   Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam university Islamabad, Pakistan, Gamaryani Asim ,   School of Health and society, University of Wollongong Australia, Afridi Saba Qadir ,   Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam university Islamabad, Pakistan, Khan Izaz ,   Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan, Shah Brekhna ,   Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan,   Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, Shah Kashmala ,   Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan,   Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, Rashid Abdul ,   Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam university Islamabad, Pakistan, Khan Dilawaiz ,   Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid -i-Azam university Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: January 2025

Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces within a self-produced protective matrix. The structural complexity of biofilms and their inherent resistance to conventional antimicrobial treatments make them a significant public health challenge. These microbial communities, embedded within a self-produced extracellular matrix, are associated with numerous persistent infections, especially those occurring in healthcare settings where they colonize medical devices and chronic wounds. The effects of biofilms go beyond healthcare environments and persist in water treatment facilities, food processing plants, and nature, in which biofilms aid in pollution and transmission of disease.
This review article discusses multifaceted public health complications related to biofilms and the search for existing control strategies, the process of biofilm formation, mechanisms of persistence, and limitations of traditional antimicrobial approaches. Additionally, this article explores new innovative solutions, such as bacteriophage therapy, matrix-degrading enzymes, and quorum sensing inhibitors. The potential of a combination of antimicrobial agents with biofilm-disrupting compounds for the improvement of efficacy is also paid special attention. This review seeks to contribute to these ongoing efforts by presenting an overview of biofilm biology and assessing the efficacy of a variety of possible control strategies.
Subsequently, the insights derived from this study may be used to inform future research directions and aid in the development of more effective interventions for biofilm-associated infections and contamination in various settings.
A Patient-Centered Perspectives and Future Directions in AI-powered Teledentistry
Authors:   Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, Kaushik Richa , Rapaka Ravindra ,   University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
Published: January 2025

This scoping review investigates the integration of AI into teledentistry with a focus on patient-centered perspectives and future directions. Teledentistry has progressed rapidly in the COVID-19 pandemic period, providing remote dental care by means of digital communication technologies.The introduction of AI has made diagnosis more precise, treatment planning more personalized, and processes more efficient and have also made dental services better accessible to the underserved. AI algorithms help in early diagnosis of dental issues, provides customized treatment plans, and improve patient outcomes. Despite the advantages, still many challenges exist. These are ethical concerns, data privacy issues, and regulatory hurdles that prevent widespread adoption. Use of AI in dental settings results in patients having mixed sentiments surrounding trust and data security arising out of fear of having reduced personal interactions with providers. Additionally, AI driven teledentistry is not validated in large scale clinical setting and cost effectiveness assessment which undermines scalability. This review identifies gaps in existing research and provides guidance for how patient-centered applications further facilitate increased transparency, AI education, and cross-disciplinary collaboration among dentists, computer scientists, ethicists, and policymakers. The future research should include clinical validation, economics, and ethical standards to make AI teledentistry use responsible and inclusive. This scoping review equips clinicians and researchers with a roadmap for responsible, patient-centered implementation of AI-enabled teledentistry, offering practical strategies and insights to enhance the quality and accessibility of remote dental care.
Inflammation in Heart Failure: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Yu Jiang , Zhou Guoxiang , Guo Yongzheng , Long Yang
Published: January 2025

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Heart failure (HF) is the end stage of various cardiovascular diseases. Despite recent advancements in understanding of HF pathogenesis and treatment, the prognosis of patients with HF remains poor. Inflammation is a key player in the development of HF, and its role in the pathogenesis of HF has been extensively studied. Inflammation is associated with elevated HF risk and adverse prognosis. Targeting cardiac inflammation has been suggested as a promising treatment strategy for HF. However, almost all clinical trials on the anti-inflammatory treatment of HF have not indicated improved clinical outcomes, and some have reported deterioration of the condition, possibly because of limited understanding of the specific role of inflammation in HF. The summary of inflammatory mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of different HF types, current anti-inflammation therapies for HF, and the results of clinical trials could provide new perspectives for understanding and targeting the role of inflammation in HF through the development of effective clinical therapeutic strategies.
Assessment of critical land cover rehabilitation in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Mursyid Harsanto , Liana  , Panambe Novita , Sadono Ronggo , Emma Soraya
Published: January 2025

The wide areas of critical land in Indonesia are attracting a high level of attention due to the significant influence of global warming. Addressing this issue requires several priority efforts, such as critical land rehabilitation programs. The level of critical land rehabilitation can be evaluated with remote sensing technology. Therefore, this research aimed to assess critical land in South Sulawesi rehabilitated by PT Vale Indonesia Tbk (PT VI) as compensation for mining nickel from the forest areas. The assessment was conducted in three villages across Luwu, namely Binturu, Lamasi, and Rante Alang. Successful critical land rehabilitation was determined by monitoring land cover changes (LCC) based on satellite data generated using Harmonized Sentinel-2 from 2019 to 2023. Furthermore, analysis was performed using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform with the Random Forest machine learning algorithm and correlation matrix. The result showed five LC classes, including high-density, low-density, shrubs, bare land, and buildings. Before rehabilitation in 2019-2020, non-forested LC in the three villages was only at a proportion of 23.41%, while forested LC reached 58.92% and increased to 80-95% in 2021-2023. Critical land rehabilitation in Luwu was considered a success due to increased LC at high- and low-density classes, along with declines in bareland and buildings. Additionally, an inverse correlation was detected between high- and low-density LC classes and buildings, barelands, and shrubs. Elevation in high- and low-density LC could significantly contribute to mitigating climate change.
Vegetation diversity as a factor in carbon sequestration and storage: examples from the ultramafic forests in Palawan Island, Philippines
Authors: De Castro Ma. Ellenita Gibe , Padrones Jenielyn , Boco Katrina
Published: January 2025

A floristic study was conducted in two ultramafic formations in Palawan Island, selected for their differing land uses, to assess the role of ultramafic forests as a carbon sink based on plant diversity and Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) content. A total of 17 tree species were identified inside an active mining area in Mt. Bulanjao, Rio Tuba, Bataraza, while only 15 tree species in Magarwak, Brgy. Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City. Palawan Mangkono (Xanthostemon speciosus Merr.), an island endemic species that thrives well in ultramafics, is the most dominant species in Rio Tuba, Bataraza, whereas Putian (Mastixia pentandra Blume) is the dominant species in Puerto Princesa City based on the Important Value Index (IVI). In terms of diversity, both sites exhibited low diversity index values, with Bataraza site having H'=2.232 while Magarwak, Puerto Princesa City had H'=2.286, respectively. Such data implied the alarming rate of species lost in ultramafic forest, primarily attributable to anthropogenic activities. Further analysis of SOC content indicated that Puerto Princesa City's ultramafic soils contained 99.05 t ha-1, while a much lower value of 85.68 t ha-1 at Bataraza was quantified. Considering the combined contribution of vegetation diversity and soil carbon, this study suggests that Puerto Princesa City's ultramafic formations have the potential to sequester atmospheric carbon and may act as a sink. Both the unusual characteristics of ultramafic soils and their existing vegetation contribute to the enhancement of the carbon storage potential of this forest type, although present land use serves as a crucial consideration. These findings underscore the importance of preserving and conserving native metallophytes in the area, making this research a pivotal basis for conservation efforts.
The use of chitosan-coated biochar for the improvement of heavy metals-contaminated soil and healthy food products
Authors: Hamzah Amir , Priyadarshini Rossyda , Lestari Sri Umi
Published: January 2025

Soil health is a global concern related to food health issues, and the intensity of using agrochemicals contributes greatly to contamination by Pb (lead), Cd (cadmium), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc), and other heavy metals. Land contaminated with heavy metals is absorbed by plants and transferred to tissue, causing food to be unhealthy for consumption. Soil improvers such as biochar and chitosan have been widely used for improvement, but the use remains partial. In this context, granular coating technology is the right choice for overcoming soil problems. Chitosan-coated biochar technology is an effort to combine biochar and chitosan, which are made into granules and function as soil amendments. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain oil amendments that are effective in reducing heavy metals in soil. The target was for the soil to be healthy as well as produce healthy and safe food products. A completely randomized design was used with three replications. The production of granular chitosan biochar was then investigated on vegetable plants. Growth observations were carried out every week until the plants were about to be harvested, while soil and heavy metal analysis was conducted before and after planting. The observed data were analyzed using an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) tests. The results showed that a chitosan-coated biochar dose of 20 t/ha increased plant growth in all observed parameters. The use of chitosan-coated biochar reduced Pb from 10.77 mg/kg to 6.73 mg/kg, Cd from 5.01 mg/kg to 2.56 mg/kg, and Cu from  71.22 mg/kg to 25.65 mg/kg.
Native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promote the growth of Vitex cofassus seedlings in post-asphalt mining soil media
Authors: Tuheteru Faisal Danu , Husna  , Nurdin Wiwin Rahmawati , Himawan Ade , Tuheteru Edy Jamal , Albasri  , Mulyono Sri , Arif Asrianti
Published: January 2025

Post-asphalt mining land is generally damaged and infertile; therefore, restoration efforts are necessary. The use of native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) can improve plant growth and accelerate the success of restoration. This research aimed to elucidate the effect of native AMF inoculation on the growth of Vitex cofassus seedlings in greenhouse conditions. In this study, a completely randomized design was implemented with seven treatments, i.e., uninoculated (control), Racocetra crispi, Glomus intraradices, Glomus sp., Glomus sp-LW10, Glomus sp.-SW10 and Mycofer IPB (commercial AMF). The percentage of AMF colonization, plant growth, dry weight as well as P and Ca uptakes were measured after 3 months of planting. The results showed that AMF inoculation significantly increased the percentage of colonization, growth, and dry weight of shoots and total plants of V. cofassus. Mycorrhizal Inoculation Effect (MIE) ranged between 92.2% and 94.6%. Native and commercial AMF inoculation increased P and Ca uptakes in the roots and shoots of V. cofassus. There is a promising future for native AMF to be developed into a biofertilizer for restoring post-asphalt mining land in Indonesia.
Assessing land subsidence from anthropogenic activity in Northern Sumatra, Indonesia revealed using SAR interferometry
Authors: Perdana Redho Surya , Anggara Ongky , Suhadha Argo Galih , Pangestika Dita Mulia , Atmojo Aulia Try , Al Attar Muhammad Nabil , Sonya Putri , Alif Satrio Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Land subsidence is a significant issue in urban areas globally, including several cities with a growing population in Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. This study employs Sentinel-1 SAR data and the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) InSAR technique to monitor land subsidence in Medan, Deli Serdang, Dumai, North Aceh, and Lhokseumawe from 2015 to 2023. The SBAS algorithm was implemented in LiCSBAS with an unwrapped interferogram. Then corrected for atmospheric effects using GACOS, was employed to increase the results of the land subsidence. The analysis was enhanced using GRACE satellite data to assess the impact of groundwater depletion on subsidence. Results indicate significant subsidence across all study regions, particularly in Medan and Dumai, with rates ranging from -48.6 mm/year to +54.1 mm/year. The findings highlight the critical role of rapid urbanization, excessive groundwater extraction, and oil and gas exploration in driving subsidence. This study underscores the need for sustainable urban planning and aquifer management to mitigate future environmental and infrastructural risks.
Ecological risk assessment of some heavy metals in sediments in the Dong Nai River section flowing through Binh Duong Province, Vietnam
Authors: Huynh An The , Ho Lien Bich , Nguyen Tuyet Anh Huynh
Published: January 2025

This study assessed heavy metal contamination and ecological risk in the sediments of the Dong Nai River section flowing through Binh Duong Province, Vietnam. Four monitoring stations (DN1, DN2, DN3, DN4) were established to analyze the concentrations of heavy metals, including arsenic (As), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr). The results indicated that the concentrations of heavy metals were generally low and within acceptable limits established by Vietnam national standards (QCVN 43:2012/BTNMT). Notably, chromium and arsenic exhibited the highest concentrations among the metals analyzed. The Degree of Contamination (Cd) across the sampling sites ranged from 1.48 to 1.64, indicating a low level of overall sediment contamination. Correspondingly, the Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) values ranged from 5.23 to 6.73, reflecting low ecological risk levels across all monitoring stations. These findings suggest that while the current sediment quality in this section of the Dong Nai River is stable, ongoing monitoring is essential to prevent potential risks associated with heavy metal accumulation, particularly for chromium and arsenic. The study underscores the importance of proactive environmental management to safeguard the aquatic ecosystem against future contamination threats.
Soil quality and yield attributes of soybean on an Ultisol conditioned using cogongrass biochar enriched with nitrogen fertilizer dissolved in seaweed extract
Authors: Kilowasid Muhammad Harjoni , Cahyani Imas Nur , Febrianti  , Aldi Muhammad , Rahni Nini Mila , Alam Syamsu , Suaib  , Wijayanto Teguh , Hasid Rachmawati , Boer Dirvamena , Madiki Abdul , Hadini Hamirul , Arief Norma , Muhidin  , Nurmas Andi , Arma Makmur Jaya , Nuraida Wa Ode
Published: January 2025

The soil quality of Ultisol, which is indicated by its chemical properties, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and root nodules, is important for soybean growth. Cogongrass biochar enriched with N fertilizer solution using solvent from seaweed extract can change the soil quality. Using various seaweed extract solvents, this study sought to (i) test the impact of cogongrass biochar enriched with N fertilizer solution on the soil chemical quality and (ii) examine the effects of soil chemical changes on AMF, root nodules, tissue nutrient content, and soybean yield. The treatments consisted of (i) without biochar (B0), (ii) cogongrass biochar without enrichment (BN0), (iii) cogongrass biochar enriched with urea solution using solvent from extract of Kappapychus alvarezii (BNK), (iv) cogongrass biochar enriched with urea solution using solvent from extract of Sargassum sp. (BNS), and (v) cogongrass biochar enriched with urea solution using solvent extract of Ulva lactuca (BNU). In a randomized block design, each treatment was carried out three times. With or without fertilization, cogongrass biochar improves the chemical fertility of the soil. The increase in NH4+-N and nitrate-N content of the soil in enriched cogongrass biochar was greater than in unenriched. The AMF spores density and root nodules were reduced following enrichment. When biochar was added, there were more pods, pod dry weight, total seeds, and regular seeds per plant. In conclusion, the impact of increasing soil ammonium content led to decreased density of AMF spores, root infections, and root nodules. The level of available P greatly affected the components of soybean yield in Ultisol.
Oraciones relativas en zapoteco de Mixtepec
Authors: Ramos Pafnuncio Antonio
Published: January 2025

Relative sentences with a nominal head are one of the three types of relative sentences in San Pedro Mixtepec Zapotec. This type of sentence is formed by a nominal head plus a relative clause. The relative sentences with a nominal head are of the external head, are postnominal and employ the gap strategy and the relative pronoun. Relative clauses are introduced into the sentence by a general subordinator nè. The relativizable functions are the subject, the direct object and indirect object, the oblique, the genitive, and the object of comparison.
Programas de neurociencias en el desarrollo de habilidades blandas en educación superior
Authors: Ruiz Pérez Dorcas
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the impact of neuroscience on the development of social skills in higher education students. The methodology was based on the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selection of studies. The analyzed works covered the period between 2020 and 2023. The results indicated that the amount of research on the influence of neuroscience on the development of social skills in higher education is limited. In conclusion, the need to expand this field of research to consolidate its theoretical and practical basis is highlighted.
Gestión del talento humano y satisfacción laboral en instituciones educativas peruanas
Authors: Solís-Gómez Miluska , Berrocal-Villegas Salomón Marcos
Published: January 2025

Human talent has become the catalyst for organizational change; its management strengthens, mobilizes and increases the assets of the modern organization, turning human resources into a valuable opportunity for achieving organizational aspirations. Regarding the objective of the study, it was proposed to analyze the management of human talent in relation to job satisfaction in teachers and non-teachers of Peruvian educational institutions, with the collaboration of 136 participants belonging to 5 public educational institutions, regarding the line of research. It was developed by developing the positivist-quantitative paradigm route, based on the application of the non-experimental-transversal, correlational-causal design. In relation to the questionnaires applied, they standardly met the required psychometric requirements of validity and reliability. Regarding the research findings, the results validate the proposed hypotheses. It is concluded that talent management is strongly associated with staff satisfaction, according to the results analyzed from the sampled educational institutions. Additionally, it is shown that 50.5% of the covariance of job satisfaction can be explained from the covariance of talent management.