bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient–physician communication during oncological follow-up visits in a Chinese outpatient clinic
Authors: Zhan Yinxia , Mao Peiyang , Gao Feng , Xu Wei , Pu Yang , Feng Gang , Wang Jin , Liao Dongbiao , Zhao Zhenhua , Zhang Yu , Li Jie , Shi Qiuling , Du Xiaobo
Published: August 2023

Background
As the number of cancer survivors rises, patient care focus has recently shifted towards outpatient services, emphasizing the management of chronic conditions. As health systems struggled to meet the increasing demands, a greater emphasis has been placed on improving the efficiency of outpatient visits. However, given the restricted visitation duration in China’s crowed outpatient clinics, it remains uncertain whether symptoms induced by cancer or its treatment receive adequate treatment.
Objective
We aimed to analyze the duration of routine follow-up visits for patients with cancer and the nature of their communication with doctors during these visits. Improving oncological outpatient services and reducing work pressure on oncologists, by identifying the core needs of cancer patients and determining the time required for physicians to address these needs.
Method
From Oct-Nov 2022, patients in the oncology outpatient clinic at a tertiary A hospital in China were recruited. Demographic and disease characteristics of patients were collected in the outpatient clinic, and fixed-effects models were used to analyze factors affecting the visit length.
Results
Total 488 established patients and 28 newly diagnosed patients were involved. The median duration taken by physicians to attend to the new and established groups was 7 minutes (4–11 minutes) and 4 minutes (3–7 minutes), respectively. Among the established patients, those for regular outpatient follow up (79.71%) spent 4 minutes (3–6 minutes) with their doctors, those for therapy counseling (10.86%) spent 6 minutes (4–9 minutes), those for insurance reimbursement (4.92%) spent 5 minutes (4–7.5 minutes), those for symptoms distress (4.51%) spent 6.5 minutes (4–9 minutes). The following attributes had significant impact on the visit time: the composition of visitors (OR = 0.57 [95% CI, 0.23–0.91]), patient education level (OR = 0.75 [95% CI, 0.03–1.47]), whether the patient was currently receiving anti-cancer treatment (OR = 0.79 [95% CI, 0.18–1.40]), and different core complaints for the appointment (OR = 0.55 [95% CI, 0.19–0.91]).
Conclusion
Our work describes the status of the content and duration of doctor–patient communication in oncological follow-up clinics in public hospitals in China. Patients had a single need for clinic visits, especially those attending a follow-up after discharge. Physicians spent as much time dealing with reimbursement issues as they spent on routine follow-up visits. Complaints of symptom distress were rare, and the reason for this needs to be investigated further. While oncology outpatient physicians in China have a heavy workload, patients' needs should be given sufficient attention.
Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea): Variation in Morphological and Yield Traits across Sri Lanka's Agro-climatic Zones and Genetic Diversity Assessment
Authors: Malki Susanga , Sivashoby S , Ratnayake Kamani , wijesinghe Amani , Gimhani Radhika
Published: August 2023

Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) is an underutilized tuber crop in Sri Lanka. This study evaluated thirteen quantitative and four qualitative plant morphological traits across the arrowroot populations in Sri Lanka's seven agro-climatic zones. Principal component analysis was done to identify the lead plant morphological traits for arrowroot plant and cluster analysis was performed to evaluate the similarity level among collected plant populations. Twenty M. arundinacea genotypes from different agro ecological regions of Sri Lanka were screened for genetic diversity using ISSR markers. Nine of the thirteen quantitative morphological traits were found to be significantly distinct from one another. Seven out of thirteen quantitative plant morphological traits were identified as lead plant morphological traits for production of quality rhizomes for crop selection, improvement, and application in Sri Lanka. Five ISSR markers produced 53 bands in total across 20 samples, with an average frequency of 10.6 bands per primer. The ISSR-PCR analysis revealed a high level of polymorphism (94.34%). Primer UBC 811 has the highest PIC value (0.428), indicating that it is the most informative marker for assessing genetic diversity in M. arundinacea. The genotypes from the wet zone and dry zone were categorized individually based on the dendrogram created using UPGMA cluster analysis. The study found genetic variety in M. arundinacea based on their varied agro ecological zones, and the current findings will be useful in future crop improvement efforts in M. arundinacea.
Do nurses’ career competencies act as mediators and predictors between job resources and work engagement in the job demands-resources theory? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yamada Masako , Asakura Kyoko , Takada Nozomu , Sugiyama Shoko
Published: August 2023

Background: Since nurses have various career options, it is essential for them to possess career competencies which are the knowledge, skills, and abilities for their career self-management. Nurses’ roles have expanded globally due to dynamically changing healthcare settings and advanced specialization fields. In this context, career competencies may help nurses to navigate their careers successfully. However, few studies have investigated the association between career competencies and positive work-related outcomes for nurses. Our study aimed to examine whether nurses’ career competencies act as mediators and predictors between job resources and work engagement in the motivational processes of the job demand-resources theory. We explored whether career competencies and four types of job resources (supervisor support, coworker support, role clarity, and career opportunities) are mutually related and lead to work engagement.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between July and August 2022. Mediation analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling with data from 263 nurses working in hospitals in the Tohoku region of Japan.
Results: Career competencies mediated the relationship between the four types of job resources and work engagement. Furthermore, career competencies enhanced work engagement through increased supervisor support and career opportunities.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that career competencies are a critical personal resource for enhancing work engagement in the motivational process of the job demand-resources theory. We trust that our insights will contribute to effective nursing management and continuing education.
EDB-mediated neuroprotection against acute ischemic brain injury is associated with reduced central and peripheral inflammation
Authors: Wang Dongxue , Wang Yutao , Jiang Wenyi , Shi Junfeng , Huang Wenting , Cao Chengkun , Wang Xue , Zhang Gongchun , Li Yuankuan , Chen Keyang , Lee Kwang-Youl , Lin Li
Published: August 2023

Post-stroke inflammation is instrumental in the cascade of secondary injury, and it is orchestrated by resident microglia, astrocytes, and circulating immune cells. Controlling the destructive inflammatory response is a promising avenue for stroke therapy. Edaravone dexborneol (EDB) has been identified as a clinical protectant for stroke management. However, the impact of systemic EDB administration on the central and peripheral inflammation following stroke has not been fully characterized. In this study, we investigate the immunomodulatory effects of EDB on the central and peripheral immune systems in a mouse model of experimental stroke. Our results indicate that EDB administration significantly ameliorated MCAO-induced infarction and neurological deficits by regulating the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Specifically, EDB restrained the polarization of M1 microglia and A1-type astrocytes, as well as the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Furthermore, EDB upregulated tight junction expression and attenuated the accumulation of peripheral leukocytes in the ischemic brain. Additionally, systemic EDB administration inhibited the expression of M1 macrophages and the macrophage-dependent inflammatory response in the spleen and blood. These data indicate that EDB plays a neuroprotective role in acute ischemic brain injury by regulating the central and peripheral inflammation mediated by brain-resident microglia, astrocytes, and circulating leukocytes.
Optimizing Radio Access in 5G Vehicle Networks Using Novel Machine Learning-Driven Resource Management
Authors: Natarajan Rajesh , Mahadev Natesh , Alfurhood Badria Sulaiman , Ranjith Christodoss Prasanna , Zaki John , MN Manu
Published: August 2023

The huge crossover of vehicle network needs cannot be met by present cellular technologies and vehicular networks. To achieve desired results in a vehicle context, resource management has evolved into a complicated task. The 5G wireless network claims to provide communications that are ultra-fast, delayed less, and dependable. Software-defined networking (SDN) is one of the major technologies that will enable 5G. Additionally, it guarantees increased performance all around. Managing the increased mobility of vehicles and maintaining smooth transfer between base stations are the main concerns. Additionally, providing safety-critical applications like autonomous driving requires very low latency and great dependability. Due to the limited amount of spectrum available and the dynamic nature of vehicular communication, effective resource allocation strategies are required. To maintain network efficiency, interference, and channel congestion must be reduced, and priority techniques are required to meet the needs of various services. In this study, we proposed a traffic classification using Magnified Recurrent Neural Network (MRNN) and optimized the radio access in 5g vehicle networks using Boosting Ant Colony Optimization (BACO) for the resource allocation procedure. The BACO-MRNN algorithm produced the best results based on several performance metrics, including accuracy of 98.10%, precision of 97.23%, recall of 98.15%, F1-Score of 98.45%, and RMSE of 30.10%. Additionally, the BACO-MRNN classification revealed a very advanced capacity for discrimination. The entire potential of connected vehicles and the fulfillment of smart transportation systems depend on the effective resolution of radio access difficulties in 5G vehicle networks.
Drug-Protein Interaction Prediction via Multi-View Variational Autoencoder and Cascade Deep Forests
Authors: Xia Liang-Yong , Wu Yu , Zhao Longfei , Chen Leying , Zhang Shiyi , Wang Mengdi , Luo Jie
Published: August 2023

Accurate prediction of Drug-Protein Interactions (DPIs) is crucial for drug discovery and precision medicine. Despite recent progress, the high-dimensionality representation drug and protein characteristics and their interactions poses a significant challenge. In this study, we propose a novel deep learning framework, Multi-view Variational Auto-Encoder embedded Deep Forest (MVAE-DFDPnet) for DPI prediction. This framework learns low-dimensional drug/protein embeddings from heterogeneous drug/protein networks by multi-view variational auto-encoder, then feeds drug-protein embeddings into a cascade deep forest to predict yet unknown DPIs. Our experiments show that the MVAE-DFDPnet achieves 98.6% out-of-sample accuracy in predicting DPIs on benchmark datasets, outperforming state-of-the-art methods with much lower embedding dimensions. We further demonstrate the robustness and generalizability of the method by testing on unseen drugs and proteins as well as on unseen drug classes, where the model still maintains high prediction accuracy. We have also successfully validated a number of novel DPIs by experimental evidence found in literature, demonstrating the potential of MVAE-DFDPnet in real-world applications.
Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Predictive Learning Performance Using Federated Learning
Authors: Farooq Umer , Naseem Shahid , Li Jianqiang , Mahmood Tariq , Rehman Amjad , Saba Tanzila , Mustafa Luqman
Published: August 2023

Numerous educational institutions utilize data mining techniques to manage student records, particularly those related to academic achievements , which are essential in improving learning experiences and overall 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template outcomes. Educational Data Mining (EDM) is a thriving research field that employs data mining and machine learning methods to extract valuable insights from educational databases, primarily focused on predicting students’ academic performance. This study proposes a novel Federated Learning (FL) standard that ensures the confidentiality of the dataset and allows predicting student grades, categorized into four levels: Low, Good, Average, and Drop. To enhance model precision, optimized features are incorporated into the training process. This study evaluates the optimized dataset using five machine learning (ML) algorithms , namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree, Nã A¯ve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbours, and the proposed Federated Learning Model. The models’ performance is assessed regarding accuracy, precision , recall, and F1 score, followed by a comprehensive comparative analysis. The results reveal that FL and SVM outperform the alternative models, demonstrating superior predictive performance for student grade classification. This study showcases the potential of Federated Learning in effectively utilizing educational data from various institutes while maintaining data privacy, contributing to educational data mining and machine learning advancements for student performance prediction.
Combination of a MIP3α-antigen fusion therapeutic DNA vaccine with treatments of IFNα and 5-Aza-2’Deoxycytidine enhances activated effector CD8+ T cells expressing CD11c in the B16F10 melanoma model
Authors: Fessler Kaitlyn , Gordy James T. , Sandhu Avinaash K. , Hui Yinan , Kapoor Aakanksha R. , Ayeh Samuel K. , Karanika Styliani , Karakousis Petros C. , Markham Richard B.
Published: August 2023

Previous studies in the B16F10 mouse melanoma model have demonstrated that combining a DNA vaccine comprised of regions of gp100 and tyrosinase-related protein 2 fused to Macrophage-inflammatory protein 3-alpha (MIP3α) with recombinant Interferon alpha (IFN) and 5-Aza-2’-Deoxycytidine (5Aza) treatments resulted in significantly greater anti-tumor activity and immunogenicity in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This brief report details that the combination of vaccine with treatments IFN and 5Aza results in both the upregulation of genes expressing CD11c-interacting proteins and an increase in the TME of a distinct CD11c+ CD8+ T cell population. This cell population correlates with tumor size, is primarily comprised of effector or effector memory T cells, and has a more robust response to ex vivo stimulation as compared to CD11c- CD8+ T cells as measured by surface activation markers 4-1BB (CD137) and KLRG1 (Killer cell lectin-like receptor G1) and intracellular IFNγ production. In conclusion, this combination therapy results in greater presence of highly active effector CD8+ T-cells expressing CD11c in the TME that correlate with and are likely primary contributors to treatment efficacy.
Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combinations in advanced esophageal and gastric cancers: A systematic review and bayesian network meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhou Chunyang , Wu Xue , Tang Xiufeng , Liu Chengxin
Published: August 2023

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have yielded a revolution in the treatment of esophageal, gastroesophageal junction, and gastric cancers cancers. We made a Bayesian network meta-analysis to systematically compare the efficacy and safety of various immunotherapies, chemotherapy, and supportive treatment, and to further identify the best benefitting subgroup.
Methods We systematically searched Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and the conference abstracts of oncology conferences up to July 25, 2022. The Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed with a random-effect model using R, package gemtc and package JAGS. The primary outcomes including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and grade 3-5 adverse events (AEs).
Results Totally 11719 patients from 20 RCTs (19/20 were phase 3) were included, which were divided into 12 treatment regimens. Immune monotherapies yield superior OS benefit (HR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83–0.95), but inferior PFS (HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.7–0.8) compared with chemotherapy. Except for Nivo_5FCisp (HR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.49–1.32), Nivo_S1Oxal (HR = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.75–1.08), Tori_PacCisp (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.77–1.07), the other ICIs combined chemotherapy (IO) had a significant OS benefit compared with chemotherapy. Except for Nivo_5FCisp, the other IO regimens had significant PFS benefits than chemotherapy. There were no significantly statistical differences of ORR and grade 3-5 AEs. Sin_PacCisp and Cam_PacCisp achieved an effective balance between efficacy and safety. The former regimen ranked second for OS (48.3%), PFS (29.5%), ORR (18.4%), and sixth for grade 3-5 AEs (7.2%), the later one ranked third for OS and PFS, fifth for ORR and ninth for grade 3-5 AEs. Esophagogastric cancers with higher PD-L1 expression levels might benefit more from immunotherapies.
Conclusion We found immunotherapis were more likely to provide OS and PFS superiority compared with chemotherapy, with no significantly statistical differences of ORR and grade 3-5 AEs. Sin_PacCisp and Cam_PacCisp achieved an effective balance between efficacy and safety. Esophagogastric cancers with higher PD-L1 expression levels might benefit more from immunotherapies.
PTEN decreases NR2F1 expression to inhibit ciliogenesis during EGFRL858R-induced lung cancer progression
Authors: Hung Jan-Jong , Tran Thi Thanh Truc
Published: August 2023

Lung cancer is the major cause of death worldwide. Activation of oncogenes or inhibition of tumour suppressors causes cancer formation. Previous studies have indicated that Pten, as a tumour suppressor, inhibits cancer formation. In this study, we studied the role of Pten in EGFRL858R-induced lung cancer in vivo. Interestingly, loss of Pten increased bronchial cell hyperplasia but decreased alveolar cell hyperplasia in EGFRL858R*Pten−/−-induced lung cancer. Syatematic analysis of gene expression by RNA-seq showed that a number of genes related to ciliogenesis were upregulated in EGFRL858R*Pten−/−-induced lung cancer and subsequently showed that bronchial ciliated cells were hyperplastic. Several critical ciliogenesis-related genes, such as mucin5a, DNAI2 and DNAI3, were found to be regulated by NR2F1. Next, NR2F1 was found to be inhibited by overexpression of Pten, indicating that Pten negatively regulates NR2F1, thereby inhibiting the expression of ciliogenesis-related genes and leading to the inhibition of bronchial cell hyperplasia during EGFRL858R-induced lung cancer progression. In addition, we also found that Pten decreased Akt phosphorylation in A549, Kras mutant, and H1299 cells but increased Akt phosphorylation in PC9, EGFRL858R, and H1299L858R cells, suggesting that Pten may function as a tumour suppressor and an oncogene in lung cancers with Kras mutation and EGFR mutation, respectively. PTEN acts as a double-edged sword that differentially regulates EGFRL858R-induced lung cancer progression in different genomic backgrounds. Understanding the Pten in lung cancer with different genetic backgrounds will be beneficial for therapy in the future.
Prevalence of depression and associated factors among university students in Ethiopia: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bitew Sintayehu Tsegaye , Hailu Habtamu Belay , Weldekidan Fekede , Dejene Asnake Fantu
Published: August 2023

Background
Depression is one of the most commonly occurring mental disorders globally and it is increasingly prevalent among university students. This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide the pooled prevalence of depression and associated factors among university students in Ethiopia.
Method
The studies will be identified from data base of PubMed, Google scholar, EMBASE and reference lists of previous studies. All cross-sectional studies reporting the prevalence of depression among university students in Ethiopia will be included. In order to transform the prevalence of extracted studies we will use Freeman-Tukey transformation (arcsine square root transformation and the pooled proportion will be calculated using the back-transformation of the weighted mean of the transformed proportions, using inverse arcsine variance weights for the fixed-effects model and DerSimonian-Laird weights for the random-effects model. The Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistic will be used to test heterogeneity across studies. Meta regression and Subgroup analyses will be performed to explore source of Heterogeneity between studies and evidence of publication bias will also be assessed.
Discussion
Estimating the prevalence of depression among university student will help policy-makers and other stakeholders in developing evidence-based mental health promotion and prevention programme in university settings.
Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42023418350
Investigating the immunological function of alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, zinc-binding in regulating tumor response in the breast cancer microenvironment
Authors: Hanamura Toru , Yokoyama Kozue , Kitano Shigehisa , Kagamu Hiroshi , Yamashita Makiko , Terao Mayako , Okamura Takuho , Kumaki Nobue , Hozumi Katsuto , Iwamoto Takayuki , Honda Chikako , Kurozumi Sasagu , Richer Jennifer K , Niikura Naoki
Published: August 2023

Background: The immunosuppressive function of androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer is known; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Elucidating the immunoregulatory mechanisms in the breast cancer microenvironment will help develop novel treatment strategies. Here, we focused on AR-dependent secreted proteins encoded by the AZGP1 gene in breast cancer: alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, zinc-binding (ZAG), which is structurally similar to HLA class I and is implicated in immune regulation.
Methods: We performed a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to screen the biological processes associated with AZGP1 expression using a gene expression profile dataset of the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC). Subsequently, we analyzed the correlation between AZGP1 expression and the immune cell composition in breast cancer tissues estimated with the CIBERSORTx using METABRIC and another dataset of The Sweden Cancerome Analysis Network- Breast. In our previous study of 45 breast cancer tissues, we evaluated the infiltration of 11 types of immune cells using flow cytometry (FCM). ZAG expression was further evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between ZAG and the immune cells was analyzed. The action of ZAG in M1/M2 polarization models constructed using primary culture of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)-derived macrophage (Mφ) based on M1/M2 differentiation markers (Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 86, CD80/CD163, MRC1) and HLA class I/II expression evaluated by FCM (n=15 each).
Results: GSEA demonstrated that AZGP1 expression was negatively correlated with multiple gene sets representing immunological processes. AZGP1 expression was inversely correlated with Mφ M1 infiltration estimated by CIBERSORTx. ZAG expression was associated with decreased infiltration of monocytes/macrophages, non-classical monocytes, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in breast cancer tissues assessed by FCM. In in vitro analyses, ZAG decreased the expression of CD80, CD163, MRC1, and HLA classes I and II in the M1 polarization model and the expression of CD163 and MRC1 in the M2 polarization model. Conclusion: ZAG is a novel immunoregulatory factor affecting Mφ phenotype and possibly function in breast cancer tissues. Our findings lay the foundation for future studies to elucidate the immunological role of ZAG in breast cancer.
Ultra-thin magnetic metal with TMOKE-enhanced high performance sensing
Authors: Lei Fugui , Li Penglei , Liu Yufang
Published: August 2023

Magneto-plasmon sensing structure based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and magneto-optical (MO) effect has become a hot research topic in recent years. In this work, we propose a magneto-plasmon crystal consisting of an Au/Co double-layer nanoporous structure with optically thick Au film as a substrate. Due to the excitation of high-quality SPR, a Fano-like transverse magneto-optical Kerr (TMOKE) spectrum with subnanometer bandwidth is realized. A sensitivity of up to 677 nm/RIU is detected under subtle refractive index changes in air, and all the calculated figure of merits (FOM) are higher than 104 RIU-1. In addition, in order to highlight the superiority of the sensing performance of the magneto-optical plasmon (MOSPR) sensor, we compare the MOSPR sensor with the SPR sensor and calculate their FOM in different refractive index environments. The results show that the FOM of the MOSPR sensor is two orders of magnitude higher than that of the SPR sensor, which proves that the performance of the MOSPR sensor is significantly better than that of the SPR sensor and provides a theoretical basis for biosensing and gas detection based on magnetoplasmaon.
Arabic Opinion Mining System For E-Services Based on Ontology and Machine Learning
Authors: mansour maha
Published: August 2023

With the growing use of E-Services in the Arab world, there is a need for efficient methods to analyze customer feedback and opinions. This research is proposing an Arabic opinion mining system for E-Services based on ontology and machine learning techniques. The system utilizes an Arabic ontology to capture domain-specific vocabulary and relationships between features and a machine learning model to classify customer feedback into positive, negative, or neutral sentiments. By evaluating the performance of the system using several domains datasets for Arabic customer reviews of various e-services, and the results show that the system achieves a high accuracy level. Comparing the performance of the proposed system to traditional polarity and subjectivity approaches
Stochastic Evaluation of Serial Multi-Purpose Solar System Thru Gumbel-Hougaard Family Copula
Authors: Ismail Abdulkareem Lado , Aminu Abdulhadi , Yusuf Ibrahim
Published: August 2023

Considering the high cost and safety risks linked with traditional energy sources such as fossil fuels, hydroelectricity, thermal electricity etc. this made it mandatory for the globe to investigate in renewable energy sector. In line with above mentioned issues, the present study concentrated on a multi-purpose solar system consisting of four subsystems: a solar panel, a controller, two USB charge points and four electric bulb points all merged together in a series-parallel conformation. Components/units failure is constant and in line with exponential function, copula and general repairs are available for the repair of partial and entire system failure. The transition diagram of the system is used to derived the partial differential equations of order one, and solved using supplementary variable and Laplace transformation procedures. Maple software package is used to generate expressions for availability, reliability, mean time to failure (MTTF), sensitivity and cost. Results are justified using particular examples and presented in Tables and Figures.
Some Rigidity Theorems for Anosov Geodesic Flows in Manifolds of Finite Volume
Authors: Ibarra Sergio Augusto Romaña , Melo Ítalo Dowell
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we prove that if the geodesic flow of a complete manifold without conjugate points with sectional curvatures bounded below by - c2 is of Anosov type, then the constant of contraction of the flow is greater than e-c . Moreover, if M has finite volume, the equality holds if and only if the sectional curvature is constant. We also apply this result to get a certain rigidity for bi-Holder, bi-Lipschitz, and consequently, for C1-conjugacy between two geodesic flows.
Simple image deconvolution based on reverse image convolution and backpropagation algorithm
Authors: Nguyen Loc
Published: August 2023

Deconvolution task is not important in convolutional neural network (CNN) because it is not imperative to recover convoluted image when convolutional layer is important to extract features. However, the deconvolution task is useful in some cases of inspecting and reflecting a convolutional filter as well as trying to improve a generated image when information loss is not serious with regard to trade-off of information loss and specific features such as edge detection and sharpening. This research proposes a duplicated and reverse process of recovering a filtered image. Firstly, source layer and target layer are reversed in accordance with traditional image convolution so as to train the convolutional filter. Secondly, the trained filter is reversed again to derive a deconvolutional operator for recovering the filtered image. The reverse process is associated with backpropagation algorithm which is most popular in learning neural network. Experimental results show that the proposed technique in this research is better to learn the filters that focus on discovering pixel differences. Therefore, the main contribution of this research is to inspect convolutional filters from data.
Endosymbiosis change under the stress of omethoate and four plant allelochemicals in cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Liu Ying , Chen Chengyu , Li Ren , Liang Pingzhuo , Gu Shaohua , Zhang Lei , Gao Xiwu
Published: August 2023

Aphids feed on plant phloem-sap and are currently model taxa for studying insect-microbe interactions as they host several beneficial bacterial endosymbionts. In this study, the second generation of high-throughput sequencing was employed to identify the microbiome of cotton aphids, Aphis gossypii Glover. We found that the communities of endosymbiotic microorganisms could affected by the treatments of omethoate or plant allelochemicals. The low-dose and high-dose of omethoate could decreased the bacteria abundance in the cotton aphid. The tannic acid and quercetin slightly reduced the diversity of the community while 2-tridenone and gossypol significantly enhanced the abundance of the communities. Especially, the abundance of both Buchnera and Serratia obviously increased in the cotton aphid after exposure to gossypol. This is the first insight of endosymbiont variation under the induction of omethoate and plant allelochemicals. These results should be useful to understand the adaptation of the cotton aphid to xenobiotics.
Gender differences in social determinant factors of mental health problems among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A multilevel analysis
Authors: Supriyati Supriyati , Mediola Fiddina , Indraswari Braghmandita Widya , Wardani Ratri Kusuma , Rosha Putri Tiara , Nurvitasari Rahsunji Intan , Madyaningrum Ema , Putri Rahayu Kia Sandi Cahaya
Published: August 2023

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may increase mental health problems due to several pandemic-related stressors. These stressors may arise and become health problems. The study aims to provide evidence of determinants of mental health among adults in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and examines individual, family, and community factors contributing to adult mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic based on gender.
Methods
A total of 1,328 people (aged 24–59) from Sleman District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, were involved in this cross-sectional study. We used secondary data from the Sleman HDSS sixth wave’s data collection in 2020. The measurement of mental health was the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ). The analysis was conducted using chi-square tests and logistic regression.
Results
This study showed that 21.16% of respondents had a mental health problem. Based on stratified analysis by gender, the highest determinant of mental health in the male population was getting laid off (OR: 10.2; 95% CI: 1.50–70.0), and in the female population, it was having cancer (OR: 9.71; 95% CI: 1.67–56.5). The highest risk factor for the family level was being a woman in the poorest family (OR: 2.74; 95% CI: 1.46–5.11). In addition, at the community level, living in urban areas was protective against mental health problems (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.36–0.97).
Conclusions
The individual level significantly influences mental health; however, we cannot ignore the contribution of family and community factors to preventing mental health problems in the adult population.
Resting state brain networks arise from electrophysiology-invisible signals
Authors: Zhang Nanyin , Tu Wenyu , Cramer Samuel
Published: August 2023

Resting-state brain networks (RSNs) have been widely applied in health and disease, but their interpretation in terms of the underlying neural activity is unclear. To systematically investigate this cornerstone issue, here we simultaneously recorded whole-brain resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) and electrophysiology signals in two separate brain regions in rats. Our data show that for both recording sites, band-specific local field potential (LFP) power-derived spatial maps can explain up to 90% of spatial variance of RSNs obtained by the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal. Paradoxically, the time series of LFP band power can only explain up to 35% of temporal variance of the local BOLD time course from the same location even after controlling for the factors that may affect apparent LFP-BOLD correlations such as contrast-to-noise ratio. In addition, regressing out LFP band powers from the rsfMRI signal does not affect the spatial patterns of BOLD-derived RSNs, collectively suggesting that the electrophysiological activity has a marginal effect on the rsfMRI signal. These findings remain consistent in both light sedation and awake conditions. To reconcile this contradiction in the spatial and temporal relationships between resting-state electrophysiology and rsfMRI signals, we propose a model hypothesizing that the rsfMRI signal is driven by electrophysiology-invisible neural activities that are active in neurovascular coupling, but temporally weakly correlated to electrophysiology data. Meanwhile, signaling of electrophysiology and electrophysiology-invisible/BOLD activities are both constrained by the same anatomical backbone, leading to spatially similar RSNs. These data and the model provide a new perspective of our interpretation of RSNs.
Phytoremediation capacity of hybrid aspen at sites affected by industry and agriculture
Authors: Kaivapalu Marju , Ots Katri , Lutter Reimo , Tullus Arvo , Tullus Tea , Sopp Reeno , Hepner Heiki , Siller Mari-Liis , Hordo Maris , Õunapuu-Pikas Eele , Täll Kristjan , Vares Aivo , Tullus Hardi
Published: August 2023

Fast-growingPopulusspp. are well-acknowledged to restore contaminated soils from heavy metals in industrial areas. Thus far, there is no knowledge about the phytoremediation capacity ofPopulusspp. plantations in hemiboreal conditions to restore industrially polluted areas. The objective of this study was to assess the soil contamination rate of heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) and their uptake by trees in mature hybrid aspen (Populus tremula×Populus tremuloidesMichx.) plantations at different industrial pollution (e.g. cement factory, thermal power plants, oil shale mining) levels and soil restoration methods. In total, 65 soil samples from the 0–10 cm topsoil layer, 39 wood samples and 39 bark samples were collected. Ingrowth cores were cut to separate wood developed to early and late ages. Soil pollution with heavy metals was determined in all studied plantations. Our study showed that tree growth was affected by soil pH and C:N ratio rather than the heavy metal concentration in the soil. Cd differs from other metals and accumulates less in wood and more in bark. A direct influence of wood age was confirmed; heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn) content in the old wood (formed 11–21 years ago) was higher than in young wood (formed during the last 10 years). The highest amounts of metals would be removed with felling on former agricultural soils with higher biomass, although wood on poorly growing stands in quarry spoil contained higher metal concentrations.
Conditional Inference on the Extreme Value Type-I Distribution Based on Generalized Progressive Hybrid Censored Scheme
Authors: Maswadah M.
Published: August 2023

It is widely known that conditional inference is usually just as effective as Bayesian inference based on a non-informative prior. However, it is less efficient than Bayesian inference based on the informative prior distribution. Therefore, the main objective is to find the conditional point estimates using the pivotal functions for the extreme value type-I distribution parameters, based on the generalized progressive hybrid-censoring scheme, and compare them with the Bayesian estimates, via Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation results showed that conditional inference is highly efficient and provides better estimates than Bayesian estimates based on different loss functions. Finally, weather phenomenon data has been analyzed to demonstrate the efficiencies of the proposed methods and to ensure the importance of this model for analyzing this data. AMS Classification: 62F10, 62F15, 62H10.
Forschungssynthesen und der Researcher-Practitioner-Gap
Authors: Munk Simon , Ziernwald Lisa , Lesperance Kaley , Holzberger Doris
Published: August 2023

In den letzten Jahren hat die Berücksichtigung wissenschaftlicher Befunde im Bildungsbereich an Bedeutung gewonnen. Dabei zeigt sich jedoch, dass zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis eine Lücke besteht, die dazu führt, dass wissenschaftliche Befunde nicht immer im Klassenzimmer ankommen (Researcher-Practitioner-Gap). Der vorliegende Artikel ist ein Diskussionsbeitrag, der Potenziale und Grenzen von Forschungssynthesen zur Verringerung des Researcher-Practitioner-Gaps beleuchtet. Es ergeben sich drei Hauptargumente, die zeigen, dass Forschungssynthesen in der Lage sind, den Researcher-Practitioner-Gap zu verkleinern: Überblick erleichtern, Generalisierbarkeit untersuchen und Transparenz und damit das Vertrauen in die Wissenschaft fördern. Trotz dieser Potenziale von Forschungssynthesen, den Researcher-Practitioner-Gap zu verkleinern, sollen auch Grenzen des Nutzens von Forschungssynthesen für die Praxis betrachtet werden. Hierzu zählen die Abstraktheit der Ergebnisse sowie die Schwierigkeit, Überzeugungen zu verändern. Um diesen Grenzen von Forschungssynthesen zu begegnen, spielt der Wissenschafts-Praxis-Transfer eine entscheidende Rolle. Ein wechselseitiger Austausch ermöglicht, dass empirische Evidenz in der Bildungspraxis ankommt und damit das Lehren und Lernen optimiert werden kann. Anhand eines Beispiels aus der Medienpädagogik wird die konkrete Umsetzung des Wissenschafts-Praxis-Transfers abschliessend näher beleuchtet.
Um dragão no índico a estratégia da China na Ásia Meridional e as reações indianas
Authors: Holanda Montenegro Renan , Almeida Fonseca Pedro Augusto
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de investigar a estratégia de política externa da China para a porção meridional da Ásia, tendo em vista a centralidade do Oceano Índico para os objetivos do país na contemporaneidade. Especificamente, analisamos empreendimentos portuários financiados sob a Iniciativa Cinturão e Rota no Paquistão, Sri Lanka e Bangladesh. A abordagem empírica parte do referencial proposto por Destradi (2010), que estabelece critérios para avaliar se uma potência regional adota traços de liderança, hegemonia ou império, e Yan Xuetong (2014), que vê a China de Xi Jinping dando mais valor à moralidade e ao suporte político em detrimento de meros ganhos econômicos. O trabalho ainda dá atenção especial às reações da Índia, que reivindica o status de líder da região.
NARRATIVAS SOBRE A ESCASSEZ DE PROFESSORES LICENCIADOS EM MATEMÁTICA EM CORRENTE
Authors: Silva Flávio de Ligório
Published: August 2023

O estudo analisa a relação entre política e escassez de professores licenciados em matemática em Corrente, Piauí. Procurou-se responder, por de uma pesquisa qualitativa à luz da sociologia e da psicologia social, à pergunta: o que revelam as narrativas de professores sobre a escassez de docentes de matemática nesse município? Os depoentes responderam questões abertas de duas entrevistas em profundidade. Os dados produzidos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo e permitiram compreender a relação entre a política clientelista e a escassez de professores de matemática em Corrente.
EXECUÇÃO DO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL PELAS UNIVERSIDADES FEDERAIS DO NORDESTE NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Silva Thales Fabricio da Costa e , Araujo Ana Carolina da Costa , Bresciani Luis Paulo , Almeida Débora Bruna Alves , Corcino Kevin Ferreira
Published: August 2023

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar como as universidades federais do Nordeste estão executando o Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil (PNAES) no contexto da pandemia do Covid-19. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental nos sites das 18 universidades federais dessa Região, obtendo-se 429 registros, que passaram por análise qualitativa de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam que as universidades têm executado ações nos 10 eixos do PNAES durante a pandemia, especialmente nos eixos atenção à saúde e inclusão digital. O artigo reforça a importância do PNAES no enfrentamento à pandemia.
POLÍTICA MUNICIPAL DE EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL DE CACHOEIRO DE ITAPEMIRIM-ES: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DAS ESCOLAS, ALUNOS E FAMILIARES
Authors: Vieira Alexandro Braga , Correa Martins Conceição Aparecida
Published: August 2023

Objetiva trazer as vozes dos profissionais da educação, dos estudantes e das famílias na elaboração da Política Municipal de Educação Especial de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim-ES, por meio da pesquisa qualitativa, estudo de caso, análise documental, grupos focais e questionários. Registra os dados em diário de campo, questionários e áudios, no período de abril a dezembro de 2017. Os resultados indicam documentos a partir da escuta de diferentes sujeitos e que considerem as realidades educacionais e o direito à Educação.
GESTÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO E OS DESAFIOS IMPOSTOS PELOS ORGANISMOS INTERNACIONAIS
Authors: Matos Ivy Daniela Monteiro , Carvalho Maria João
Published: August 2023

Os Organismos Internacionais implementam políticas homogeneizadoras em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, promovendo a massificação. No campo da educação, essas políticas afetam a forma de gestão e resvalam no trabalho docente, bem como nos parâmetros da avaliação escolar. O enfrentamento das forças capitalistas que promovem a ocultação das identidades locais e a alienação dos sujeitos envolvidos na dinâmica escolar precisa ser uma construção coletiva de estruturas democráticas nos planos administrativo e pedagógico, buscando a promoção da educação emancipatória de Freire.
PROGRAMA “QUALIFICA RS”: A EXPANSÃO DO MERCADO NA GESTÃO DA POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Vicente Magda de Abreu , Porto Marisel Valério , Gonçalves Leonardo Dorneles
Published: August 2023

Este artigo analisa o programa Qualifica RS com intuito de verificar em que medida o programa cumpre sua proposta de inovação. Como suporte metodológico foram consultados documentos, a base de dados do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral e o Diário Oficial do Estado do RS. Contou-se com o aporte teórico de autores como VERGER; ROBERTSON (2012); NEUMAN; CLARK (2012), EVANGELISTA; SHIROMA (2018), dentre outros. Concluiu-se que o programa viabiliza a expansão do setor privado dentro da esfera pública e que o resultado da seleção “técnica” não atende a pretensa isenção política prometida.
NOVO FUNDEB: UMA INCURSÃO SOBRE SEUS POSSÍVEIS AVANÇOS
Authors: Fossatti Paulo
Published: August 2023

O objetivo deste texto visa refletir sobre possíveis avanços na educação básica brasileira a partir da aprovação do Novo FUNDEB. É um estudo qualitativo com apoio de dados quantitativos, análise bibliográfica com os autores principais de nosso estudo que são Dourado (2007) Bruno (2018), Costa (2013) e Muniz (2015) e documental a partir de Brasil (1961; 1964; 1990; 1996; 2007; 2020a; 2020b), FNDE (2020a; 2020b), Fundef (1996), FUNDEB (2007) e Novo FUNDEB (2020). Os principais resultados foram: vigência permanente; abrangência desde a educação infantil até final da Educação Básica; aumento dos recursos complementados pela União, do salário do professor e valor médio por aluno; garantia do princípio da equidade; valorização das boas práticas de gestão; percentual específico para a educação infantil e a infraestrutura.
Legal Protection for Female Victims of Electronic-based Sexual Violence (EBSV): A Legal System Theory Perspective
Authors: Syahriana Nur Alfy , Zuhriah Erfaniah , Wahidi Ahmad
Published: August 2023

Since 2017-2021, case of electronic-based sexual violence (EBSV) reported to service institution continues to increase, and a majority of the victims are women. This research aims to describe the EBSV case data, explain legal protection efforts given to the victims, then analyze it using the legal system theory. The type of research used is juridical-empirical with locus research at Women Crisis Centre (WCC) Dian Mutiara. The research results show that on month January 2020 - September 2022, there were 42 cases handled by WCC Dian Mutiara. Then the legal protection for victims is carried out through preventive and repressive efforts. In terms of legal structure, the facilities and infrastructure for handling KSBE cases at WCC Dian Mutiara and the police are not yet fully available. At WCC Dian Mutiara, this can be seen from the lack of human resources (assistants) and the unstable finances of the institution. Meanwhile, in the police, it can be seen from the victim's complaint at the time of confiscation of evidence in the form of a handphone which is usually used for daily activities by the victim. Then the analysis of the legal substance shows that the rules regarding EBSV already exist in the Law on Electronic Transactions (UU ITE) and the Pornography Law, but more comprehensive rules are contained in the Law on Crimes against Sexual Violence (RUU TPKS). Finally, an analysis of legal culture shows that public oversight of the performance of law enforcers, especially the police, is increasing. However, some­times the community's understanding of a case is still partial, making it easy to intervene. Meanwhile, the legal culture of law enforcement officials can be seen from the lack of optimal cases in the process of resolving cases, coupled with the occasional attitude of the police, not on the side of the victims.
Ultra-severe plastic deformation for room-temperature superplasticity and superfunctionality
Authors: Edalati K.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Ultra-severe plastic deformation (ulta-SPD) is a terminology used for the introduction of extremely large shear strains (over 1000) to material so that the thickness of sheared phases geometrically reaches the subnanometer level. Under such extreme shearing conditions, new nanostructured phases with unique properties are formed even from the immiscible systems. Various metallic alloys and ceramics were developed by this concept for different applications such as room-temperature superplasticity, room-temperature hydrogen storage, photocatalytic hydrogen production, photocatalytic carbon dioxide conversion, etc. This article reviews recent advances regarding ultra-SPD with a focus on low-temperature superplasticity, which was reported for the first time at room temperature in aluminum and magnesium alloys.