bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The opportunities of humanities alumnus to develop career in oil and gas company
Authors: Paramitha Clara Ayu , Ramanda Siti Devitra , Putra Robi Jaya
Published: September 2019

Humanities as considered as knowledge field dealing with culture, language, and art. People who are studying in the field of humanities believe that it will more difficult in getting job after stated to be graduated, especially to work in Oil and Gas Company. The difficulties are due to the knowledge is an applied knowledge. This research is aimed to know whether or not the chances for Humanities to compete in Gas and Oil Company. The method used here is descriptive qualitative in which used to analysed the fact and condition happened. The result obtained from this research is that there are still opportunities for humanities alumnus to compete or even build career in the Gas and Oil Company, yet the alumnus should gain more experience and knowledge.
Perfil nutricional de usuários de entorpecentes em tratamento em um estado da região nordeste
Authors: Monteiro Nayara Vieira Do Nascimento , Oliveira Iara Katrynne Fonsêca , Vilar Thiana Magalhães , Araújo Francisca Yonnállya Gomes de , Carvalho Cecília Maria Resende Gonçalves de
Published: September 2019

Introdução: O uso abusivo de drogas é um problema relevante em saúde publica. Tendo em vista os prejuízos causados aos usuários pelo abuso dessas substâncias. Objetivo: Conhecer o perfil nutricional de dependentes químicos em tratamento, de forma a contribuir para um cuidado nutricional efetivo. Método: Foram coletados dados antropométricos (peso e estatura) para avaliação de Índice de Massa Corporal, bem como foi aplicado um questionário de frequência alimentar para verificação de seus hábitos alimentares. Resultados: A maioria dos indivíduos em tratamento encontrava-se na faixa etária entre 31 a 40 anos, e estavam eutróficos. Observaram-se alguns casos de sobrepesos e apenas um indivíduo apresentava obesidade, que pode ser explicado pelo aumento do consumo de alimentos energéticos em detrimento de baixo consumo de frutas e legumes. Conclusão: O perfil nutricional dos dependentes químicos em tratamento na instituição avaliada transitou entre a eutrofia e o excesso de peso, sendo um sugestivo ao consumo aumentado de alimentos, possivelmente em substituição à droga, como uma compensação.
Engenharia Civil: Percepções e perspectivas da primeira turma de alunos de uma Faculdade do interior do of Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Monteiro Sabrina , Santos Clairton Edinei dos , Pissaia Luís Felipe
Published: September 2019

Essa pesquisa teve o intento de analisar o perfil dos alunos ingressantes da primeira turma do Curso de Engenharia Civil, de uma Faculdade Privada no interior do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O estudo de caso tem uma abordagem qualitativa. O instrumento de pesquisa foi um questionário contendo doze questões, alicerçados nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos de Gil (1991), aplicado com dez sujeitos, sendo alunos da presente autora na disciplina de Cálculo Elementar para a Engenharia. Para a análise de dados, utilizou-se Bardin (2016), o qual auxiliou a organização da coleta obtida. Por meio da pesquisa, foi possível constatar a sua importância, neste momento inicial, com a finalidade de conhecer os alunos e também, a essencial continuidade da pesquisa ao longo dos semestres, como um meio de acompanhar os alunos na sua trajetória e conhecer os novos.
O MOODLE como ferramenta de apoio à modalidade presencial no Campus Bela Vista: Percepção dos professores do Curso de Licenciatura em Química
Authors: Carvalho Edione Teixeira de , Nascimento Francis-Elpi de Oliveira
Published: September 2019

O mundo globalizado da era das tecnologias digitais clama por novos espaços de interação e aprendizagem que superem as limitações de tempo e espaço, presentes na escola tradicional. Assim sendo, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção dos professores titulares do curso de Licenciatura em Química do IFMT/UAB, modalidade EaD, quanto ao uso dos recursos tecnológicos do AVA/Moodle também no contexto do ensino presencial. Procedeu-se uma revisão bibliográfica prévia que fundamentou a elaboração do instrumento de pesquisa, e obteve-se os dados por observação participante, e pesquisa de campo através de um questionário que foi aplicado a 21 (vinte e um) professores titulares e analisado pelo viés da análise de conteúdo, com vistas aos objetivos do estudo. Os resultados apontam que o maior acesso à informação, à difusão de ideias e conceitos através das mídias e, a influência da internet nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem são fatores que vêm pressionando a escola a superar seu paradigma tradicional de ensino e a se aproximar das forças operantes no mundo para além da sala de aula. A pesquisa evidenciou que os professores apoiam iniciativas de utilização das TICs no contexto do ensino presencial, como é o caso dos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem – AVAs, percebendo as inovações tecnológicas como positivas, e desejam fazer uso de seus recursos, mas clamam por formação continuada em serviço para possibilitar a fluência tecnológica necessária para utilização pedagógica das TICs.
A relevância da Biblioteca Multinível diante da efetivação dos direitos educacionais dos usuários com deficiência visual e motora
Authors: Barbosa Erika Cristiny Brandão Ferreira , Moreira Heloísa Beatriz Cordeiro
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo disserta sobre a importância das bibliotecas multiníveis existentes na Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica visando o processo de inclusão dos usuários com deficiência motora e visual. O objetivo do estudo é demonstrar a relevância deste tipo de biblioteca para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de toda a comunidade acadêmica. Para tanto, apresenta-se uma pesquisa que vislumbra a definição de deficiência visual e motora, destaca o papel das leis diante da garantia dos direitos desse público e defende o acesso à informação como forma de inclusão. Como metodologia, usou-se a pesquisa quali-quantitativa. Desse modo, os instrumentos foram tanto os livros, artigos de periódicos e leis para a pesquisa qualitativa e um questionário para a quantitativa. Constatou-se que há um interesse da rede federal de ensino em assegurar os direitos dos estudantes com deficiência e uma necessidade de conscientização das instituições e da sociedade no processo de efetivação da inclusão em sua totalidade. Nesse sentido, pode-se exemplificar a Biblioteca Waldyr Diogo de Siqueira, como uma Biblioteca Multinível do IFCE, campus Fortaleza.
Ambiente Virtual para Simular a Condução de uma Cadeira de Rodas
Authors: Corrêa Daniel Malgarin , Bertolini Cristiano , Parreira Fábio José , Silveira Sidnei Renato , Ulbricht Vânia Ribas , Almeida Iara Carnevale de , Geller Marlise , Ribeiro Vinícius Gadis
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem, por objetivo, o de apresentar a construção de um simulador virtual para condução de uma cadeira de rodas. Com o uso de tecnologias assistivas pretende-se alcançar um nível de acesso à mobilidade para pessoas com deficiências, tais como as pessoas que possuem baixa mobilidade. Neste sentido, simuladores são desenvolvidos com o intuito de proporcionar situações reais do dia-a-dia, para que os seus usuários possam vivenciar inúmeras vezes a mesma situação e conseguir superá-la da melhor forma possível. Neste contexto, foi desenvolvido um simulador virtual que pode ser adaptado para várias situações diferentes de acordo com a necessidade, sendo composto por três cenários do dia-a-dia, em que foram inseridas algumas dificuldades encontradas por usuários de cadeira de rodas elétricas. O trabalho foi desenvolvido empregando-se a metodologia de pesquisa conhecida como dissertação-projeto, já que foi proposto e desenvolvido o ambiente virtual para a condução da cadeira de rodas.
Avaliação do perfil do consumidor em relação a soja (Glycine max) e seus derivados
Authors: Silva Rayane Rangel Cunha da , Nascimento Nathalia Cardoso , Pereira Irislene Costa , Silva Risley Nikael Medeiros , Oliveira Renan Elan da Silva , Júnior Francisco Cesino de Medeiros
Published: September 2019

Introdução: Entre os produtos agrícolas, a soja (Glycine max) possui elevada expansão, ocupando uma posição de destaque, pela alta produtibilidade e por ser de fácil cultivo. Com o crescente aumento por alimentos saudáveis, a soja vem ganhando espaço no mercado com a elaboração de novos produtos como: farinhas de soja, sucos enriquecidos com a soja, queijos, iogurte de soja, leite de soja, extrato hidrossolúveis e proteínas texturizadas. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil do consumidor em relação a soja e seus derivados. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, de caráter descritivo, realizado na cidade Caxias-MA, no qual entrevistou-se 100 participantes, de ambos os sexos, e diferentes faixas etária, de forma aleatória em locais como: supermercados, mercado público, praças e faculdades, através de um questionário sobre ingestão de soja e seus derivados. Discussão e Resultados: A proteína texturizada de soja e o “leite” de soja foram os produtos mais conhecidos e consumidos pelos entrevistados, a maioria dos entrevistados relatam 65% não conhecer os benefícios. Conclusão: Com base no estudo ainda é pequeno o hábito e frequência de consumir a soja e seus derivados pela população estuda, mesmo o Brasil sendo uns dos grandes produtores mundiais do grão. Isso se deve tanto à falta de informação com relação aos benefícios dos produtos, quanto pela falta de costume da população em consumir o grão como parte da alimentação usual.
PENINGKATAN KONSENTRASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA MELALUI PEMANFAATAN EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN QUIZIZZ PADA MATA KULIAH KIMIA FISIKA I
Authors: Purba Leony Sanga Lamsari
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

This research is a descriptive qualitative study to determine the increase instudent learning concentration through the use of quizizz learning evaluations inPhysics Chemistry I. The population in this study were all Chemistry EducationStudents FKIP-UKI, with student sampling in the 3rd semester of the 2018/2019academic year. Questionnaires that are used as instruments in research arevalidated by two validators who are experts in the field of learning evaluation.The results of data analysis obtained from the pre-test and post-test showed anincrease in the concentration of student learning through the utilization of quizizzlearning evaluations in Chemistry Physics I courses of 0.45, with a moderateincrease in interpretation. Of the five indicators of learning concentration, theindicator of accuracy experienced the highest increase of 0.53 and theunderstanding indicator experienced the lowest increase of 0.36. Based on indepthinterviews with students used as sampling, accuracy increases due to timeconstraints and students 'fear of the response of answers inputted by students toquizizz. Evaluation of learning using quizizz helps improve students' learningconcentration. The use of quizizz can be done by other lecturers, teachers andstudents who will implement PKM to support the 4.0 industrial revolution.

Keywords: concentration, education, industry 4.0, physical chemistry, danquizizz

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif untuk mengetahuipeningkatan konsentrasi belajar mahasiswa melalui pemanfaatan evaluasipembelajaran quizizz pada mata kuliah Kimia Fisika I. Populasi dalam Penelitianini adalah seluruh mahasiswa Pendidikan Kimia FKIP-UKI, dengan samplingmahasiswa Semester 3 tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Angket yang digunakansebagai instrument dalam penelitian di validasi oleh dua orang validator yang ahlidibidang evaluasi pembelajaran. Hasil analisis data yang diperoleh dari pre-testdan post-test menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pada konsentrasi belajarmahasiswa melalui pemanfaatan evaluasi pembelajaran quizizz pada matakuliah Kimia Fisika I sebesar 0,45, dengan interpretasi peningkatan sedang. Darilima indikator konsentrasi belajar, indikator ketelitian mengalami peningkatantertinggi yaitu sebesar 0,53 dan indikator pemahaman mengalami peningkatanpaling rendah yaitu 0,36. Berdasarkan wawancara mendalam terhadapmahasiswa yang digunakan sebagai sampling, ketelitian meningkat akibatadanya batasan waktu dan ketakutan mahasiswa terhadap respon jawaban yangdiinput mahasiswa pada quizizz. Evaluasi pembelajaran dengan menggunakanquizizz membantu meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar peserta didik. Penggunaanquizizz dapat dilakukan oleh dosen pengampu matakuliah lain, guru danmahasiswa yang akan melaksanakan PKM untuk mendukung revolusi industri4.0.

Kata Kunci: konsentrasi, pendidikan, industri 4.0, kimia fisik, dan quizizz
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MINAT EKSPLORASI LINGKUNGAN SOSIAL PADA MATA PELAJARAN SOSIOLOGI DI KELAS XII IPS. 2 SMA NEGERI 6 KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Purba Jojor
Published: September 2019

This Classrooms Action Research (CAR) was conducted to determine the application of the discovery learning in the learning process as well as to find out the increment interest in the exploration of the social environment of grade XII.IPS.2 students of SMA 6 Bekasi who were also as the research subject. The activity of students in following the learning process by using Discovery Learning method has increased by 4 aspects of cooperation, liveliness, courage and the percentage / deliver results. Student learning outcomes also increased. From the results of these studies concluded that the implementation of Discovery Learning method improved social environment exploration interests Sociology in subject in Class XII IPS.2 SMAN 6 Bekasi.Keywords : Classroom Action Research, Discovery Learning Method, Sociology
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI SMAN 113 JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Ernawati Renatha
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis study aims to reveal whether there is influence on the performance of employees working Discipline. The number of respondents as many as 30 employees, research was conducted on the employees of SMAN 113 Jakarta. Data from interviews and questionnaires, the data work discipline and the employee's performance of the instrument. Validation data used qualitative and quantitative data analysis by ANOVA. Pearson correlation (Pearson correlation) amounted to 0,747, or 74.7% is the value of r count that shows a strong correlation or relationship between supervision Work Discipline and Performance Improvement employees SMAN 113 Jakarta, testing the hypothesis with t test to prove that there is an influence on employee performance Employee Discipline, Determinant correlation (R2) between the two variables were analyzed using correlation analysis obtained amounted to 55.80%. This means that 55.80% Employee Performance, results showed that there was a positive and significant influence between the discipline of work and employee performance with the regression equation Y = 12.428 + 0,663XKeywords: Discipline of work, Employee PerformanceABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap apakah ada pengaruh Disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jumlah responden sebanyak 30 orang karyawan, Penelitian ini dilakukan pada karyawan SMAN 113 Jakarta. Data hasil wawancara dan angket, data disiplin kerja dan kinerja karyawan dari instrumen. Validasi data menggunakan kualitatif dan kuantitatif analisis data dengan ANOVA. korelasi pearson (pearson correlation) sebesar 0,747 atau 74,7% merupakan nilai r hitung yang menunjukkan korelasi atau hubungan yang kuat antara pengawasan Disiplin Kerja dan Peningkatan Kinerja karyawan SMAN 113 Jakarta, Uji hipotesis dengan uji t membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh Disiplin Pegawai terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Korelasi penentu (R2) antara kedua variabel dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi diperoleh sebesar 55,80%. Artinya 55,80% Kinerja Karyawan, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara disiplin kerja dan kinerja karyawan dengan persamaan regresinya Ŷ = 12,428 + 0,663XKata kunci: Disiplin kerja, Kinerja Karyawan
WUJUD PRAGMATIK DEKLARATIF PEJABAT PUBLIK DALAM TINJAUAN FUNGSI BAHASA (STUDI KASUS PENGGUNAAN BAHASA CALON WALIKOTA BANDUNG TAHUN 2013)
Authors: Mulianingsih Sunasih
Published: September 2019

The declarative and the pragmatic form of public services in the context of language function assessed controverse, not polite, and showed problems among individuals or groups are not consumted by public anymore. This research describes analytically the pragmatic expression of the public leader, the Bandung municipal candidate. The metode used is an analytic descriptive with the teqnic of data collection involved documentation study, the records of Bandung municipal candidate’s expressions in campange. This research showed that the politic statement of public leader becoming the Bandung municipal candidate has already completed the politeness of the languge. It connected with after the compange over there is no indication from public as the demonstrant. The form of the pragmatic and declarative has completed the politeness of the language. As the recommendation from the research are thelanguage communicated by the public leader having been polite is better kept or progressed. It showed public leaders are figure who will be imitated by the public in the case of language expressions (statements) Keywords: pragmatic, declarative, public leaders
Stein i Stuttgart
Authors: Lome Ragnild
Published: September 2019

Johanna Schwanauers oversettelse av Steins tale «What Are Master-pieces and Why Are There So Few of Them» (1935), trykt i Benses tidsskrift augenblick i mai 1958, kan ses som startskuddet på et intenst kjærlighetsforhold til Stein.
Utdrag fra Miniput
Authors: Leijer Nils
Published: September 2019

ONSDAGEN DEN 12 JUNI

Fick änligen (sic!) veta litet mera om den stora anläggning som upptar hälften av en barack och som kallas simulator.Anläggningen – en gång byggd för en rad olika forskningsuppdrag vid en av de vetenskapliga institutionerna – är ingenting annat än vad namnet anger, en simulator. När uppgifterna var klara och anläggningen blivit omodern i sitt sammanhang hade den inte längre fyllt någon funktion och man hade föreslagit att Kreativet skulle överta den. Under sammanträdet idag lämnade de tekniska och psykologiska sektionerna en redogörelse för ett försök som gjorts i den under inövningstiden de första veckorna på Kreativet. Det hade gällt uppgiften om bland annat människans förhållande till teknisk automatik och överlämnandet av kontrollerande funktioner till den. I den bakgrund som lämnades oss talades det om att den moderna människans tekniska miljö för de oinsatta framstår som en organism med eget liv och egen vilja och vars godtycke man är underkastad.
In-Situ Testing of a Multi-Band Software-Defined Radio Platform in a Mixed-Field Irradiation Environment
Authors: Budroweit Jan , Mueller Steffen , Jaksch Mattis , Alía Rubén Garcia , Coronetti Andrea , Koelpin Alexander
Published: September 2019

This paper presents an in-situ test concept for a multi-band software-defined radio (SDR) platform in a mixed-field radiation environment. Special focus is given to the complex automated test setup with respect to the requirements of the irradiation facility. Additionally, selected test results of a system-level evaluation are presented and discussed. For the verification of the mixed-field radiation environment, the software-defined radio (SDR) was also tested under proton irradiation. The cross-sections for the observed single event effects are compared and show similar results.
How Far Are We from Providing Pigs Appropriate Environmental Enrichment?
Authors: Fàbrega Emma
Published: September 2019

Limitations to the fulfilment of ethological and physiological needs can cause countless negative effects on animal welfare and lead to the development of abnormal behaviours [...]
HBD3 Induces PD-L1 Expression on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines
Authors: Gomez Hernandez Maria Paula , Bates Amber M. , Starman Emily E. , Lanzel Emily A. , Comnick Carissa , Xie Xian Jin , Brogden Kim A.
Published: September 2019

Human β-defensin 3 (HBD3) is an antimicrobial peptide up-regulated in the oral tissues of individuals with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and present in high concentrations in their saliva. In this study, we determined if HBD3 contributes to HNSCC pathogenesis by inducing programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on HNSCC cell lines. For this, SCC cell lines SCC4, SCC15, SCC19, SCC25, and SCC99 (5.0 × 104 viable cells) were used. Cells were incubated with IFNγ (0.6 µM) and HBD3 (0.2, 2.0, or 20.0 µM) for 24 h. Cells alone served as controls. Cells were then treated with anti-human APC-CD274 (PD-L1) and Live/Dead Fixable Green Dead Cell Stain. Cells treated with an isotype antibody and cells alone served as controls. All cell suspensions were analyzed in a LSR II Violet Flow Cytometer. Cytometric data was analyzed using FlowJo software. Treatment with IFNγ (0.6 µM) increased the number of cells expressing PD-L1 (p < 0.05) with respect to controls. Treatment with HBD3 (20.0 µM) also increased the number of cells expressing PD-L1 (p < 0.05) with respect to controls. However, treatment with IFNγ (0.6 µM) was not significantly different from treatment with HBD3 (20.0 µM) and the numbers of cells expressing PD-L1 were similar (p = 1). Thus, HBD3 increases the number of cells expressing PD-L1. This is a novel concept, but the role HBD3 contributes to HNSCC pathogenesis by inducing PD-L1 expression in tumors will have to be determined.
Molecular Detection of Cordycepin-Induced HeLa Cell Apoptosis with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Ma Pei , Xu Lei , Wang Luyao , Chen Nan , Zhang Xuedian , Chen Hui , Li Junying
Published: September 2019

Cordycepin, extracted from the medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris, was shown to induce cancer cell apoptosis. Yet its anticancer function was limitedly evaluated, and the mechanism was not entirely elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated the effectiveness of cordycepin in inducing apoptosis in HeLa cells and investigated its apoptosis-inducing mechanism through label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). SERS spectral changes revealed detailed molecular changes in both early and late stages of apoptosis. Importantly, SERS characteristic peaks at 805 and 1438 cm−1, which were assigned to RNA, continued to decrease significantly from early to late apoptosis stages. It indicated that cordycepin induced HeLa cell apoptosis mainly through interfering with RNA production, potentially by restraining the translation of RNA encoding ribosomal proteins. Meanwhile, apoptotic cells and their apoptosis stage could be easily differentiated by SERS-based principal component analysis (PCA). Furthermore, the morphological changes of early and late-stage apoptotic cells were illustrated by differential interference contrast and fluorescence microscopic imaging. Therefore, the natural ingredient, cordycepin, could serve as a promising anticancer candidate. Our biological model of cell apoptosis in vitro, the non-invasive and rapid SERS technique, combined with PCA analysis, could be a powerful tool in the investigation of cell apoptosis mechanisms and anticancer drug screening.
First-Principles Modeling of Atomic Structure and Chemical and Optical Properties of β-C3N4
Authors: Lei Xue , Boukhvalov Danil W. , Zatsepin Anatoly F.
Published: September 2019

In our work, we report the results of first-principles modeling of optical and chemical properties of β-C3N4 in bulk (pristine and defected), surface, and nanoclusters. We demonstrate significant sensitivity of adsorption spectra of β-C3N4 to any kinds of disorder in atomic structure. Formation and passivation of the surface provides similar changes in optical properties. The value of the indirect bandgap depends on the chemical structure of the surface. The surface of the bulk crystal and nanocluster is chemically active and unavoidably passivated at ambient conditions. Partial oxidation of the surface of β-C3N4 provides decreasing of the bandgap. Functionalization of the active sites on the surface by monovalent species (hydrogen and fluorine) leads to vanishing of the bandgap in the case of (001) surface and changes the value of the bandgap in the case of nanoclusters. Results of our calculations also demonstrate the appearance of magnetic moments in hydrogenated and fluorinated (001) surface of β-C3N4.
Deactivation and Regeneration for the SO2-Poisoning of a Cu-SSZ-13 Catalyst in the NH3-SCR Reaction
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Zhaoqiang , Fan Rongrong , Guo Xin , Zhang Cheng , Wang Yu , Ding Zhiyong , Wang Rong , Liu Wei
Published: September 2019

Cu-SSZ-13 has been generally considered as the predominant commercial selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst in the NH3-SCR reaction because of its superior activity and durability. However, in real applications, SCR catalysts readily undergo hydrothermal aging and sulfur poisoning. In this work, the deactivation and regeneration of a commercial Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst was investigated for SO2 exposures during hydrothermal aging and the effect of different regeneration temperatures was compared. By using XRD, SEM, H2-temperature programmed reduction (TPR), X–ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and NH3-temperature programmed desorption (TPD) analysis, it was found that SO2 poisoning influenced the chabazite (CHA) structure even if regeneration cannot restore its original structure, the redox ability and ammonia storage performance also influenced by sulfation and the regeneration process. Moreover, the extent of a decrease in redox ability was more severe than acidity, suggesting that the amount of isolated Cu2+ and Cu+ reduction was responsible for irreversible deactivation over the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst. Combined with the analysis of Ea values and pre-exponential factor of the SCR reaction, a more likely explanation for the irreversible deactivation was that active sites were lost mostly in sulfated and regenerated process sites.
MiR-20b Down-Regulates Intestinal Ferroportin Expression In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Jiang Shuxia , Fang Xi , Liu Mingni , Ni Yingdong , Ma Wenqiang , Zhao Ruqian
Published: September 2019

Ferroportin (FPN) is the only known cellular iron exporter in mammalian. However, post-transcriptional regulation of intestinal FPN has not yet been completely understood. In this study, bioinformatics algorithms (TargetScan, PicTar, PITA, and miRanda) were applied to predict, screen and obtain microRNA-17 family members (miR-17, miR-20a, miR-20b, and miR-106a) targeting FPN, ‘seed sequence’ and responding binding sites on the 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) region of FPN. Dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed miRNA-17 family members’ mimics decreased the luciferase activity, whereas their inhibitors increased the luciferase activity. Compared with the FPN 3′UTR wild type reporter, co-transfection of a miRNA-17 family members’ over-expression plasmids and FPN 3′UTR mutant reporters enhanced the luciferase activity in HCT116 cells. Transfection with miR-20b overexpression plasmid significantly enhanced its expression, and it inhibited endogenous FPN protein expression in Caco-2 cells. Additionally, tail-vein injection of miR-20b resulted in increasing duodenal miR-20b expression, decreasing duodenal FPN protein expression, which was closely related to lower plasma iron level in mice. Taken together, these data suggest that the miR-20b is identified to regulate intestinal FPN expression in vitro and in vivo, which will provide a potential target for intestinal iron exportation.
Vacuolar H+-ATPase Subunit V0C Regulates Aerobic Glycolysis of Esophageal Cancer Cells via PKM2 Signaling
Authors: Son Sung Wook , Chau Gia Cac , Kim Seong-Tae , Um Sung Hee
Published: September 2019

The vacuolar H+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) subunit V0C (ATP6V0C), a proton-conducting, pore-forming subunit of vacuolar ATPase, maintains pH homeostasis and induces organelle acidification. The intracellular and extracellular pH of cancer cells affects their growth; however, the role of ATP6V0C in highly invasive esophageal cancer cells (ECCs) remains unclear. In this study, we examined the role of ATP6V0C in glucose metabolism in ECCs. The ATP6V0C depletion attenuated ECC proliferation, invasion, and suppressed glucose metabolism, as indicated by reduced glucose uptake and decreased lactate and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in cells. Consistent with this, expression of glycolytic enzyme and the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) were also decreased by ATP6V0C knockdown. Mechanistically, ATP6V0C interacted with pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2), a key regulator of glycolysis in ECCs. The ATP6V0C depletion reduced PKM2 phosphorylation at tyrosine residue 105 (Tyr105), leading to inhibition of nuclear translocation of PKM2. In addition, ATP6V0C was recruited at hypoxia response element (HRE) sites in the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) gene for glycolysis. Thus, our data suggest that ATP6V0C enhances aerobic glycolysis and motility in ECCs.
Energy and Resource Efficient Production of Fluoroalkenes in High Temperature Microreactors
Authors: Mierdel Konstantin , Jess Andreas , Gerdes Thorsten , Schmidt Achim , Hintzer Klaus
Published: September 2019

Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) are the most common monomers for the synthesis of fluoropolymers at industrial scale. Currently, TFE is produced via multistep pyrolysis of chlorodifluoromethane (R22), resulting in a high energy demand and high amounts of waste acids, mainly HCl and HF. In this study, a new chlorine-free process for producing TFE and HFP in a microreactor is presented, starting from partially fluorinated alkanes obtained from electrochemical fluorination (ECF). In the microreactor, high conversion rates of CHF3, which is used as a surrogate of partly fluorinated ECF streams, and high yields of fluoromonomers could be achieved. The energy saving and the environmental impact are shown by a life cycle assessment (LCA). The LCA confirms that the developed process has economical as well as ecological benefits, and is thus an interesting option for future industrial production of fluoroalkenes.
Covalent Graft of Lipopeptides and Peptide Dendrimers to Cellulose Fibers
Authors: Orlandin Andrea , Dolcet Paolo , Biondi Barbara , Hilma Geta , Coman Diana , Oancea Simona , Formaggio Fernando , Peggion Cristina
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Bacterial proliferation in health environments may lead to the development of specific pathologies, but can be highly dangerous under particular conditions, such as during chemotherapy. To limit the spread of infections, it is helpful to use gauzes and clothing containing antibacterial agents. As cotton tissues are widespread in health care environments, in this contribution we report the preparation of cellulose fibers characterized by the covalent attachment of lipopeptides as possible antimicrobial agents. Aim: To covalently link peptides to cotton samples and characterize them. Peptides are expected to preserve the features of the fabrics even after repeated washing and use. Peptides are well tolerated by the human body and do not induce resistance in bacteria. Materials and Methods: A commercially available cotton tissue (specific weight of 150 g/m2, 30 Tex yarn fineness, fabric density of 270/230 threads/10 cm in the warp and weft) was washed with alkali and bleached and died. A piece of this tissue was accurately weighed, washed with methanol (MeOH) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and air-dried. Upon incubation with epibromohydrin, followed by treatment with Fmoc-NH-CH2CH2-NH2 and Fmoc removal, the peptides were synthesized by incorporating one amino acid at a time, beginning with the formation of an amide bond with the free NH2 of 1,2–diaminoethane. We also linked to the fibers a few peptide dendrimers, because the mechanism of action of these peptides often requires the formation of clusters. We prepared and characterized seven peptide-cotton samples. Results: The new peptide-cotton conjugates were characterized by means of FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). This latter technique allows for discriminating among different amino acids and thus different peptide-cotton samples. Some samples maintain a pretty good whiteness degree even after peptide functionalization. Interestingly, these samples also display encouraging activities against a Gram positive strain. Conclusions: Potentially antimicrobial lipopeptides can be covalently linked to cotton fabrics, step-by-step. It is also possible to build on the cotton Lys-based dendrimers. XPS is a useful technique to discriminate among different types of nitrogen. Two samples displaying some antibacterial potency did also preserve their whiteness index.
Characterization and Structural Analysis of Genkwanin, a Natural Product from Callicarpa americana
Authors: Porras Gina , Bacsa John , Tang Huaqiao , Quave Cassandra L.
Published: September 2019

The natural compound Genkwanin (systematic name: 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one) C16H12O5 (1) is a non-glycosylated flavonoid isolated from Callicarpa americana. Microcrystals of Genkwanin were prepared by slow evaporation of a methanol solution under low temperature conditions. The structure of 1 was determined based on spectroscopic analyses, one-dimensional NMR, HRESIMS and was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystals grow as very thin needles with an extremely high aspect ratio and with the long axis (along the y-axis) corresponding to the very short unit cell b-axis. There are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit with two different conformations and modes of packing in the crystal. One molecule has a higher degree on non-planarity than the other. The short stacking distance and separation between the molecules implies a high degree of co-planarity consistent with a conjugated system. The crystal structure is non-centrosymmetric but achiral.
The Molecular Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Brain Cells: Radiation Necrosis vs. Tumor Recurrence
Authors: Cuccurullo Vincenzo , Di Stasio Giuseppe Danilo , Cascini Giuseppe Lucio , Gatta Gianluca , Bianco Cataldo
Published: September 2019

The central nervous system (CNS) is generally resistant to the effects of radiation, but higher doses, such as those related to radiation therapy, can cause both acute and long-term brain damage. The most important results is a decline in cognitive function that follows, in most cases, cerebral radionecrosis. The essence of radio-induced brain damage is multifactorial, being linked to total administered dose, dose per fraction, tumor volume, duration of irradiation and dependent on complex interactions between multiple brain cell types. Cognitive impairment has been described following brain radiotherapy, but the mechanisms leading to this adverse event remain mostly unknown. In the event of a brain tumor, on follow-up radiological imaging often cannot clearly distinguish between recurrence and necrosis, while, especially in patients that underwent radiation therapy (RT) post-surgery, positron emission tomography (PET) functional imaging, is able to differentiate tumors from reactive phenomena. More recently, efforts have been done to combine both morphological and functional data in a single exam and acquisition thanks to the co-registration of PET/MRI. The future of PET imaging to differentiate between radionecrosis and tumor recurrence could be represented by a third-generation PET tracer already used to reveal the spatial extent of brain inflammation. The aim of the following review is to analyze the effect of ionizing radiations on CNS with specific regard to effect of radiotherapy, focusing the attention on the mechanism underling the radionecrosis and the brain damage, and show the role of nuclear medicine techniques to distinguish necrosis from recurrence and to early detect of cognitive decline after treatment.
Optimal Design of a Wide Area Measurement System Using Hybrid Wireless Sensors and Phasor Measurement Units
Authors: Bashian Amir , Assili Mohsen , Anvari-Moghaddam Amjad , Catalão João P. S.
Published: September 2019

Real-time monitoring of the power system by phasor measurement units (PMUs) leads to the development of such devices in a wide area measurement system (WAMS). However, the power system observability cannot be obtained by employing only PMUs. The communication infrastructure (CI) is a significant part of the WAMS that has to be optimally designed and implemented to collect data from PMUs and deliver them to control centers. In this paper, a novel hybrid wireless sensor network is proposed for the connection of PMUs throughout the system to enable convenient and low-cost communication media. The problem of observability in the communication system is checked along with the optimal placement of PMUs in the power system to reach full observability. A hybrid wireless sensor network including plug-in powered sensor nodes (PPSNs) and energy harvesting sensor nodes (EHSNs) is utilized for increasing the reliability of the communication system. In the proposed co-optimal PMU-sensor placement problem, the main objective is to minimize the total cost of PMU placement and the related communication system, considering full observability of the power system and CI. To achieve better results, the zero-injection bus (ZIB) effect and system observability redundancy index (SORI) are considered as a constraint in the objective function. A binary-coded genetic algorithm is used for solving the proposed mixed-objective optimization problem subject to different technical operating constraints. The proposed method is examined on IEEE 13-bus and IEEE 37-bus test feeder systems. The results show the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method compared with the conventional methods in this subject area.
Postprandial Glycemic and Insulinemic Effects of the Addition of Aqueous Extracts of Dried Corn Silk, Cumin Seed Powder or Tamarind Pulp, in Two Forms, Consumed with High Glycemic Index Rice
Authors: Haldar Sumanto , Gan Linda , Tay Shia Lyn , Ponnalagu Shalini , Henry Christiani Jeyakumar
Published: September 2019

Several plant-based traditional ingredients in Asia are anecdotally used for preventing and/or treating type 2 diabetes. We investigated three such widely consumed ingredients, namely corn silk (CS), cumin (CU), and tamarind (TA). The aim of the study was to determine the effects of aqueous extracts of these ingredients consumed either as a drink (D) with high-glycemic-index rice or added to the same amount of rice during cooking (R) on postprandial glycemia (PPG), insulinemia (PPI), and blood pressure (BP), over a 3 h measurement period. Eighteen healthy Chinese men (aged 37.5 ± 12.5 years, BMI 21.8 ± 1.67 kg/m2) took part in a randomized crossover trial, each completing up to nine sessions. Compared to the control meal (plain rice + plain water), the addition of test extracts in either form did not modulate PPG, PPI, or BP. However, the extracts when added within rice while cooking gave rise to significantly lower PPI than when consumed as a drink (p < 0.01). Therefore, the form of consumption of phytochemical-rich ingredients can differentially modulate glucose homeostasis. This study also highlights the need for undertaking randomized controlled clinical trials with traditional foods/components before claims are made on their specific health effects.
Heat as a Proxy to Image Dynamic Processes with 4D Electrical Resistivity Tomography
Authors: Robert Tanguy , Paulus Claire , Bolly Pierre-Yves , Koo Seen Lin Emma , Hermans Thomas
Published: September 2019

Since salt cannot always be used as a geophysical tracer (because it may pollute the aquifer with the mass that is necessary to induce a geophysical contrast), and since in many contaminated aquifer salts (e.g., chloride) already constitute the main contaminants, another geophysical tracer is needed to force a contrast in the subsurface that can be detected from surface geophysical measurements. In this context, we used heat as a proxy to image and monitor groundwater flow and solute transport in a shallow alluvial aquifer (<10 m deep) with the help of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). The goal of our study is to demonstrate the feasibility of such methodology in the context of the validation of the efficiency of a hydraulic barrier that confines a chloride contamination to its source. To do so, we combined a heat tracer push/pull test with time-lapse 3D ERT and classical hydrogeological measurements in wells and piezometers. Our results show that heat can be an excellent salt substitution tracer for geophysical monitoring studies, both qualitatively and semi-quantitatively. Our methodology, based on 3D surface ERT, allows to visually prove that a hydraulic barrier works efficiently and could be used as an assessment of such installations.
Strengths of Exaggerated Tsunami-Originated Placenames: Disaster Subculture in Sanriku Coast, Japan
Authors: Isoda Yuzuru , Muranaka Akio , Tanibata Go , Hanaoka Kazumasa , Ohmura Junzo , Tsukamoto Akihiro
Published: September 2019

Disaster-originated placename is a kind of disaster subculture that is used for a practical purpose of identifying a location while reminding the past disaster experience. They are expected to transmit the risks and knowledge of high-risk low-frequency natural hazards, surviving over time and generations. This paper compares the perceptions to tsunami-originated placenames in local communities having realistic and exaggerated origins in Sanriku Coast, Japan. The reality of tsunami-originated placenames is first assessed by comparing the tsunami run-ups indicated in the origins and that of the tsunami in the Great East Japan Earthquake 2011 using GIS and digital elevation model. Considerable proportions of placenames had exaggerated origins, but the group interviews to local communities revealed that origins indicating unrealistic tsunami run-ups were more believed than that of the more realistic ones. We discuss that accurate hazard information will be discredited if it contradicts to the people’s everyday life and the desire for safety, and even imprecise and ambiguous information can survive if it is embedded to a system of local knowledge that consistently explains the various facts in a local area that requires explanation.
Projecting Urbanization and Landscape Change at Large Scale Using the FUTURES Model
Authors: Van Berkel Derek , Shashidharan Ashwin , Mordecai Rua , Vatsavai Raju , Petrasova Anna , Petras Vaclav , Mitasova Helena , Vogler John , Meentemeyer Ross
Published: September 2019

Increasing population and rural to urban migration are accelerating urbanization globally, permanently transforming natural systems over large extents. Modelling landscape change over large regions, however, presents particular challenges due to local-scale variations in social and environmental factors that drive land change. We simulated urban development across the South Atlantic States (SAS), a region experiencing rapid population growth and urbanization, using FUTURES—an open source land change model that uses demand for development, local development suitability factors, and a stochastic patch growing algorithm for projecting alternative futures of urban form and landscape change. New advances to the FUTURES modelling framework allow for high resolution projections over large spatial extents by leveraging parallel computing. We simulated the adoption of different urban growth strategies that encourage settlement densification in the SAS as alternatives to the region’s increasing sprawl. Evaluation of projected patterns indicate a 15% increase in urban lands by 2050 given a status quo development scenario compared to a 14.8% increase for the Infill strategy. Status quo development resulted in a 3.72% loss of total forests, 2.97% loss of highly suitable agricultural land, and 3.69% loss of ecologically significant lands. An alternative Infill scenario resulted in similar losses of total forest (3.62%) and ecologically significant lands (3.63%) yet consumed less agricultural lands (1.23% loss). Moreover, infill development patterns differed qualitatively from the status quo and resulted in less fragmentation of the landscape.
Correction: Zhang, H.; Zhang, X. Generalized Tikhonov Method and Convergence Estimate for the Cauchy Problem of Modified Helmholtz Equation with Nonhomogeneous Dirichlet and Neumann Datum. Mathematics 2019, 7, 667
Authors: Zhang Hongwu , Zhang Xiaoju
Published: September 2019

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]
Alcohol and Cannabis Intake in Nursing Students
Authors: Tejedor-Cabrera Carlos , Cauli Omar
Published: September 2019

Background and objectives: Drug misuse among young people has become a major worldwide health concern. The present study analyzes substance misuse and its social and personal consequences in young university students. Materials and Methods: Screening of alcohol misuse was based on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), while screening of substance-related risks and problems was performed with the Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble (CRAFFT) score. Results: The population was composed of nursing students at the University of Valencia (Valencia, Spain) (n = 185). More than 50% of the surveyed students reported alcohol intake based on the CRAFFT scale; 31.4% were classified as having “risky alcohol use”, and 19.5% met the criterion for hazardous drinking based on the AUDIT score. In turn, 34.1% of the sample reported marijuana/hashish intake based on the CRAFFT scale. A gender effect was only observed for marijuana/hashish use, which was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in male students. No other gender differences were observed. In the logistic regression analysis, only age was identified as a protective factor for obtaining a reduced risk score with both the AUDIT and the CRAFFT. Among the social and personal consequences of drug misuse, the inability to “stop drinking once you have started” or the inability to “remember what happened while consuming” was significantly associated with an increased frequency of alcohol consumption (OR 20.93, p < 0.0001 and OR 13.68, p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with emerging social concerns about drug misuse in the university population, including nursing students as future healthcare professionals.