bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Orang Tua dalam Menanamkan Nilai Karakter Kearifan Lokal Pada Masyarakat Pesisir
Authors: Bayu Yunus , Rahmadina Anastasya
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengambarkan peran orang tua menanamkan kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnopedagogi. Hasil penelitian adalah orang tua memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap proses pembentukan karakter. Keteladan orang dapat mengantar anak/remaja diarahkan untuk secara aktif memajukan toleransi dan penghormatan terhadap keyakinan orang lain. Hal ini dilakukan agar individu anak dapat merefleksikan target tersebut dalam kehidupan sehari-hari di masyarakat. Perubahan individu yang konstruktif dapat menjadi cikal bakal lahirnya kehidupan keberagaman yang penuh penghormatan terhadap perbedaan dan diharapkan dapat menciptakan ikatan keragaman yang saling menguatkan, saling mendukung, dan menghormati satu sama lain. Nilai assitulung-tulungeng merupakan kekuatan budaya yang tercermin dari modal utama dalam membangun relasi sosiologis di tengah umat yang berbeda agama dan budaya. Paling tidak inilah yang bisa dipahami dari komentar Ikram di atas. Kesadaran personal yang diterangi oleh sinar iman kebenaran, tentu akan melahirkan kesadaran sosiologis yang berimplikasi pada terciptanya hubungan yang harmonis masyarakat pesisir.This study aims to describe the role of parents in instilling local wisdom. This study uses a qualitative method with an ethnopedagogical approach. The results showed that parents have a big influence on the character ordering process. Exemplary can lead children / adolescents to be actively directed to promote tolerance and respect for the beliefs of others. This is done so that individual children can reflect on these targets in everyday life in society. Constructive individual change can be the forerunner to the birth of a diverse life that is full of respect for support and is expected to create bonds of diversity that mutually reinforce, support one another, and respect one another. The value of assitulung-tulungeng is a cultural strength seen from the main asset in building sociological relations among people of different religions and cultures. At least this is what can be implemented from Ikram's comments above. Personal awareness that is illuminated by the light of faith in truth will certainly give birth to a sociological awareness which has implications for the creation of harmonious relationships in coastal communities.
The Implementation of Embodied Learning: A Literature Review
Authors: Sani Yulvia , Wardany Ossy Firstanti , Herlina Heni , Vernanda Genesa
Published: December 2021

This literature review aims to determine the implementation of the embodied learning approach in children. The research method used is a narrative review of ten articles that have met the criteria. The criteria for the article are to be found in Google Scholar, published in the last 8 years (2012-2021), and the title contains "Embodied Learning". There are five things that are studied, namely the concept of embodied learning; the relationship between psychology, education, and the environment; student age; tools and materials (technology); and materials that can be provided through an embodied learning approach. This literature review shows that embodied learning is a learning approach that emphasizes the involvement of the body in the process of receiving and responding to the material. Embodied learning can be implemented to improve children's language skills, motor skills, memory skills, and learning foreign language material. The ages of students who accept this embodied learning approach are range from 4 years to 12 years, or kindergarten and elementary school ages. From the ten articles studied, it was found that the involvement of the body in the learning process can build information in students' long-term memory.
Performance Evaluation of a Nanomaterial-Based Thermoelectric Generator with Tapered Legs
Authors: Ebiringa Marilyn A. , Adimonyemma JohnPaul , Maduabuchi Chika
Published: December 2021

A thermoelectric generator (TEG) converts thermal energy to electricity using thermoelectric effects. The amount of electrical energy produced is dependent on the thermoelectric material properties. Researchers have applied nanomaterials to TEG systems to further improve the device’s efficiency. Furthermore, the geometry of the thermoelectric legs has been varied from rectangular to trapezoidal and even X-cross sections to improve TEG’s performance further. However, up to date, a nanomaterial TEG that uses tapered thermoelectric legs has not been developed before. The most efficient nanomaterial TEGs still make use of the conventional rectangular leg geometry. Hence, for the first time since the conception of nanostructured thermoelectrics, we introduce a trapezoidal shape configuration in the device design. The leg geometries were simulated using ANSYS software and the results were post-processed in the MATLAB environment. The results show that the power density of the nanoparticle X-leg TEG was 10 times greater than that of the traditional bulk material semiconductor X-leg TEG. In addition, the optimum leg geometry configuration in a nanomaterial-based TEG is dependent on the operating solar radiation intensity.
Distribución del género Tityus Koch, 1836 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) en la ciudad de La Plata (Argentina)
Authors: Giambelluca Luis Alberto , González Sandra E. , Rodríguez Gil Sergio G. , González Alda
Published: December 2021

En la ciudad de La Plata se encuentra el género Tityus con registros desde 1943. Se estudió la distribución territorial del género Tityus en esta ciudad y su expansión en los últimos 15 años a partir de las consultas recibidas en el Laboratorio de Aracnología del CEPAVE, provenientes de particulares e instituciones públicas y privadas. Se recibieron 189 consultas desde el año 2005 al 2020. Se utilizó el programa QGIS para geolocalizar cada escorpión con capas de trazado urbano y desagües pluviales. Para el análisis espacial de distribución se consideró un home range de una hectárea por individuo para el cálculo de área y en los casos de áreas de influencias solapadas durante el mismo año se consideró el área como la unión de las mismas. El género Tityus en la ciudad de La Plata está representado por las especies T. carrilloi y T. confluens ambas de interés sanitario y de hábitos sinantrópicos, que ocupan dos zonas diferentes bien definidas. El análisis de la dispersión independiente en las dos zonas indicaría que podrían usar los desagües para dispersarse, y al ser inconexos estos no habría flujo de escorpiones entre ambas zonas. La colonización de estas especies en la zona en estudio se vio afianzada para T. confluens a partir del año 2005 y para T. carrilloi a partir del 2011. Los mayores registros son en los meses cálidos, desde enero a abril, siendo este último el de mayor valor. Septiembre es el único mes sin denuncia. La tasa de expansión calculada fue de 4.42 ha/año.
Quantum-chemical investigation of interactions in supramolecular systems: cholesterol - bile acids - silica in aqueous solutions
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kazakova O.O.
Published: December 2021

Hypercholesterolemia significantly increases the risk of myocardial infarction associated with COVID-19. Along with pharmacological treatment, the possibility of the excretion of excess cholesterol from an organism by adsorption is also of great interest. The interaction of cholesterol with the surface of partially hydrophobized silica in aqueous solutions of bile acids was investigated by the PM7 method using the COSMO (COnductor-like Screening MOdel) solvation model. The distribution of electrostatic and hydrophobic potentials of molecules and complexes was calculated. The values of free Gibbs energy adsorption of bile acids on the surface of silica correlate with the distribution coefficients in the n-octanol-water system. The energy of interaction of cholesterol with bile acids affects its adsorption on silica. The stronger the bond of cholesterol with the molecules of bile acids, the less it is released from the primary micelles in solution and adsorbed on the surface.
Еffect of graphene filler oxidation on the thermal destruction of epoxy-graphene composites
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sigareva N. V. , Gorelov B. M. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shulga S. V. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

The participation of the electronic subsystem of graphene nanoparticles in heat transfer on the interfaphase surface with epoxy polymer, its participation in the thermodestruction processes of epoxy matrix and the concentration interval of the subsystem's influence on the thermal destruction of the polymer matrix are investigated. For such purpose, epoxy resin composites with oxidized and non-oxidized graphene nanoparticles have been used.The particles were obtained by electrochemical method and those are characterized by the same dispersion and analogical of defect spectra. The particles have the same crystal structure, however in composites with oxidized graphene, the participation of the electronic subsystem in thermophysical processes on the interfacial surface is blocked by the atomic layer of adsorbed oxygen. Сomposites of epoxy resin filled with the same particles of nonoxidized and oxidized nanoparticles in the filler content 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 wt%. The multilayered graphene particles were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) methods. It was shown that the graphene particles are the 2D dimensional structures with about of 100 layers. Desorption curves of epoxy and its composites have been obtained using a programmable thermal desorption mass-spectroscopic (TDMS) technique for fragments with 15≤ m/z ≤108 and temperature interval 35 - 800 оС. The activation energy of desorption was determined from the Wigner-Polanyi equation as 35 - 150 kJ/mol, temperature and mass dependences of the quantity of desorbed atomic fragments have been calculated. It were established the graphene electron subsystem takes part in polymer structure thermodestruction for epoxy composites with nonoxidized graphene enhancing their heat resistance at graphene content С ≤ 1 wt%. With increasing filler content, the thermodestruction behavior in pristine epoxy and its composites with nonoxidized and oxidized graphene is analogical. The thermodestruction characterizes by the stepwise variations in the desorption intensity of atomic fragments. The electron subsystem of graphene particles does not participate in the heat resistance variations.
Basalt fiber based biocide materials
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine KPI named Igor Sikorsky, Shevchenko V. M. , Guts N. A. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine KPI named Igor Sikorsky, Shpak A. Ye. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine KPI named Igor Sikorsky, Surovtseva E. R. ,   Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

It has long been known that materials containing cellulose fibers in their composition are destroyed by molds, microorganisms, actinomycetes, which use cellulose as a carbon source. Different fibrous materials to varying degrees (but always) are affected by molds. It is known that linseed and cotton types of paper are affected by the smallest number of fungi, and sulphate ones by the largest. The most biostable is cotton paper, the composition of which contains chalk in a sufficiently large amount. The observations carried out by the authors showed that the highest biostability (fungal resistance) is characteristic of papers containing chalk and kaolin, the lowest is glued types of paper with a high degree of sizing. Aging of paper with increasing temperature increases the overall susceptibility of all types of paper tested without exception. Obviously, changes in the physical and chemical properties of paper as a result of aging create more favorable conditions for the growth of fungi. It is well known that paper can serve as a medium for the spread of infectious diseases. The authors of the article studied the thermo-physical properties of basalt fiber and investigated the possibility of using it for the manufacture of heat-insulating technical paper.Obtaining materials that are not affected by bacteria, insects and molds (fungicidal,insecticidal) can be solved by using inorganic fibers, which are obtained from almost unlimited natural resources and which have excellent biochemical properties. It should be noted that the concept of "biocidal" paper (material) is collective. It combines species that differ in their ability to kill bacteria (bactericidal), molds (fungicidal), insects (insecticidal). Each of the biocidal types of materials has two or more of these properties.
The influence of carbon-containing, magnetic and nano-dispersed additions on structure and electrophysical properties of polypropylene-based composite monofibers
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dzubenko L. S. , Gorbyk P. P. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sapyanenko A. A. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Rezanova N. M. ,   Kyiv Institute for Technology and Design
Published: December 2021

There were PP- and iron-containing, fibrous, carbon- and nanodispersed-addition-based composite fibers prepared. There were addition content equals of 5.0%mass. There were blend of isotactic PP and addition homogenized in melt with one-screw lab extruder. There were zonal temperature on extruder equals of 230-250 o C. There were strangs receiving in bath of water and threated with knife granulation. Then, there were granules drying on air during 5h, and, then in thermal vacuum oven at 80±5 o C during 3h. Then, there are monofiber of 1 mm’s diameter formed on lab stand. Then, from one formed those others monofibers of different values of spinneret drawing (Фв, %). There were Фв for monofibers equals of 300 and 500%. Then, there were formed monofibers threated with thermoorientational drawing process at 150 oC. Then, there were monofibers of Фв value, which equals of 300%, drawn till draw degree λ=6, but, those others of Фв value, which equals of 500% - to λ=4. It is succeed, for composite monofibers, that orientational drawing process has had realized, until to the same value, as well as for one of virgin PP. But, when at formation and thermoorientational drawing processes, there were placing much number of breaks, as compared with monofiber of pure PP. When studying the structure with SEM technique, there was revealed microfibrillar structure of composite monofiber. When using optical microscopy, then there was determined irregularity for distribution of addition’s particles, leading to disproportional distribution of tension values at loading. It is revealed, for composite monofiber, at given value for content of addition, that electrical conductivity phenomenon is absent here. There are real ε’and imaginal ε’’ parts of complex dielectrical permittivity phenomenon, on frequency of 9 GHz, equals of 2.1 and 0.2, accordingly. It is established, that pure, non-drawn and composite monofiber itrinsically have satisfactory magnetic properties (σs=0.5 Gs∙cm3/g, Hc= 695 E). There are real μ’ and imaginal μ’’ parts of complex magnetical permittivity phenomenon equals of 1.1 and 0.02, accordingly.
Composite systems for medical purposes, created on the basis of hydrophobic silica
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Turov V. V. , Gorbyk P. P. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Krupska T. V. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Turanska S. P. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chekhun V. F. ,   R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Luk'yanova N. Yu. ,   R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

Composite systems with certain cytotoxic (AM1/lectin) and adsorption (AM1/gelatin) activity have been developed on the basis of methyl silica and protein molecules – lectin and gelatin. For both types of composites, mechanisms of water binding to the surface and methods of transferring of hydrophobic materials into the aquatic environment have been investigated. The state of interfacial water in air, organic and acid media was studied. It has been found that the presence of a hydrophobic component in composites stabilizes of surface water in a weakly associated state, when a significant part of water molecules does not form hydrogen bonds. Liquid hydrophobic medium enhances this effect, and the strong acid (trifluoroacetic), added to it, promotes the transition of water to a strongly associated state. It has been shown that the redistribution of water in the interparticle intervals of AM1 with protein molecules immobilized on their surface changes under the influence of mechanical loads. Mechanoactivated samples are characterized by the possibility of water penetration into the spaces between the primary particles of methyl silica. It has been shown that immobilization of lectin on the surface of AM1 is accompanied by an increase in the interfacial energy gS from 4.1 to 5.2 J/g. This is due to an increase in the concentration of strongly bound water. If we analyze the changes in the distributions of radii R of the clusters of adsorbed water, we can state that in the water adsorbed by native lectin molecules, there are two main maxima at R = 1 and 3 nm. In the immobilized state, the maximum at R = 1 nm is present in both types of water (of different order), but the second maximum is observed only for more ordered associates.
Trends in Health Care Use and Spending for Young Children With Neurologic Impairment
Authors: Bayer Nathaniel D. , Hall Matthew , Li Yue , Feinstein James A. , Thomson Joanna , Berry Jay G.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Children with neurologic impairment (NI) are a growing subset of children who frequently use health care. We examined health care use and spending trends across services for children with NI during their first 5 years of life.

METHODS

This was a retrospective study of 13 947 children with NI in the multistate IBM Medicaid MarketScan Database (2009–2017). We established birth cohorts of children with NI and analyzed claims from birth to 5 years. NI, identified by using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, diagnosis codes, was defined as ≥1 neurologic diagnosis that was associated with functional and/or intellectual impairment. We measured annual health care use and per-member-per-year spending by inpatient, emergency department (ED), and outpatient services. Population trends in use and spending were assessed with logistic and linear regression, respectively.

RESULTS

During their first versus fifth year, 66.8% vs 5.8% of children with NI used inpatient services, and 67.8% vs 44.4% used ED services. Annual use in both categories decreased over 0–5 years (inpatient odds ratio: 0.35, 95% confidence interval: 0.34 to 0.36; ED odds ratio: 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.77 to 0.79). The use of outpatient services (primary care, specialty care, home health) decreased gradually. Per-member-per-year spending on inpatient services remained the largest spending category: $83 352 (90.2% of annual spending) in the first year and $1944 (25.5%) in the fifth year.

CONCLUSIONS

For children with early-onset NI from 0–5 years, use and spending on inpatient services decreased dramatically; ED and outpatient service use decreased more gradually. These findings may help systems, clinicians, and families optimize care by anticipating and adjusting for shifting use of health care services.
Mixed-Valve Disease: Management of Patients with Aortic Stenosis and Mitral Regurgitation: Thresholds for Surgery Versus Percutaneous Therapies
Authors: Masson Jean-Bernard , Forcillo Jessica
Published: December 2021

Significant mitral regurgitation (MR), frequently seen in the presence of severe aortic stenosis (AS), results in an association that negatively affects prognosis and imposes particular challenges for both the assessment of the severity of valvular lesions and decisions regarding treatment allocation. This article reviews the available literature with regards to the assessment of MR and AS in the presence of both; surgical management and results in patients with concomitant AS and MR; the effect of MR on outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement; the effect of transcatheter aortic valve replacement on MR severity; and percutaneous treatment for MR after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. The authors aim to provide assistance in the decision-making process to treat patients with either a higher-risk double-valve procedure or a simpler, but perhaps incomplete, single-valve option.
Application of platelet-rich plasma for canine osteoarthritis treatment - a clinical series
Authors: Aminkov K. B , Mehandzhiyski N. H. , Aminkov B. Y. , Zlateva-Panayotova N. Z.
Published: December 2021

Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease (DJD), is defined as a progressive and permanent long-term deterioration of the cartilage surrounding the joints. There is no known cause for primary DJD. However, there are a wide variety of causes for secondary DJD, such as trauma, abnormal wear of joints and cartilage, or a congenital defect present at birth such as an improperly formed hip. One of the most popular methods used to biologically enhance healing in the fields of orthopaedic surgery and medicine includes the use of autologous blood products, namely, platelet rich plasma (PRP). Reports suggest that PRP, presumably containing high levels of platelet growth factors, may promote the recovery of the affected cartilage. This case series presents clinical and radiographic findings of three dogs with osteoarthritis of the elbow and knee joints. Pain score were assessed by CBPI (Canine Brief Pain Inventory). Treatment with three-fold intra-articular application of PRP, obtained by double centrifugation method, resulted in significant improvement in the function of the affected joint. Therefore, it could be concluded that PRP was clinically effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis in these three cases.
Ticks and associated tick-borne pathogens from dogs and red foxes from Bulgaria
Authors: Panayotova-Pencheva M. S. , Vichova B. , Dakova V. I. , Salkova D. S.
Published: December 2021

Climate changes in recent years led to a sharp rise in the tick population and an increase in the number of animals and people with tick-borne infections. The domestic and wild carnivores, especially the dogs, have a huge role for the distribution of ticks in certain areas. In this study 60 ixodid ticks collected from domestic dogs and red foxes from Bulgaria have been investigated for infection with Ehrlichia canis, Hepatozoon canis, Babesia spp., and Rickettsia spp. The results showed that the dogs were infected with two tick species - Rhipicephalus sanguineus (72%) and Ixodes ricinus (28%). The red foxes were infected with only one species - I. ricinus. Out of all R. sanguineus ticks, 43.6% were female and 56.4% male. The opposite was observed for I. ricinus - female specimens (86.7%) were significantly more prevalent than males (13.3%). Similar trend was found out for I. ricinus collected from red foxes - 66.7% of the ticks were female and 33.3% male. Infectious agents were found in 31.7% of the investigated ticks. Ehrlichia spp. was established in 79% and Rickettsia spp. in 21% of the infected ticks. Ehrlichia spp. was found only in ticks collected from dogs. The majority of the ticks infected with Ehrlichia spp. were Rh. sanguineus (93.3%) and only one tick was I. ricinus (6.7%). Four ticks were positive for Rickettsia spp., two were Rh. sanguineus and two - I. ricinus, one of the latter was found on a fox. This is the first report about detection of Ehrlichia spp. in Rh. sanguineus ticks from Bulgaria as well as Rickettsia spp. in I. ricinus ticks collected from red foxes from this country.
Collagen-derived peptide, DGEA, inhibits pro-inflammatory macrophages in biofunctional hydrogels
Authors: Jha Aakanksha , Moore Erika
Published: December 2021

Macrophages are innate immune cells that play important roles in wound healing. Particularly, M1 macrophages are considered pro‐inflammatory and promote initial phases of inflammation. Long-term exposure to inflammatory stimuli causes an increase in M1 macrophages, which contributes to chronic inflammation. Activated M1 macrophages have been shown to upregulate integrin α2β1 expression. To interfere with α2β1 binding, we designed a biofunctional hydrogel utilizing a collagen I-derived peptide, DGEA (Asp-Gly-Glu-Ala). We hypothesize that M1 macrophage activation can be reduced in the presence of DGEA. Effects of DGEA on M1 macrophages were studied via soluble delivery and immobilization within poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels. We demonstrate that M1 macrophage activation is reduced both via soluble delivery of DGEA in 2D and via immobilized DGEA in a 3D PEG-DGEA hydrogel. This novel biomaterial can manipulate inflammatory macrophage activation and can be applied to prevent chronic inflammatory conditions via macrophage manipulation.

Graphical abstract
Eating behavior and nutrition characteristics of preschool children
Authors:   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Sorokman T.V. , Lozyuk I.Ya. ,   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: December 2021

According to modern ideas, nutrition at an early age not only ensures the normal functioning of all organs and systems, physical growth, psycho;emotional development and health of the child, but also forms a state of metabolism that determines health in the coming years. Purpose — to investigate the state of nutrition and peculiarities of eating behavior of preschool children. Materials and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of children's preschool institutions in Chernivtsi during 2019–2020. At the first stage, a survey of 109 children aged 4–6 years was conducted. The average daily nutrition was calculated using a computer program «ASCON-nutrition» with analysis of 38 ingredients and energy value. Results. It was found that 72 children (66.1%) were breastfed. The transition to artificial feeding before 3 months of age was registered in one third of children (32.1%); from 3 to 6 months — in another third of children (31.2%), 21.4% of mothers indicated early introduction of supplementary feeding, almost the same number — for late introduction of supplementary feeding. In 25.6% of cases the model of «clean plate» was registered, in 19.3% — the model «the more the better», in 10.1% — the model of «getting rid of negative feelings and physical pain», in 33.1% — model of «manipulation». The connection between the motivation of parents (r=0.67), especially mothers (r=0.79) to eat healthy food and the variety of taste preferences of their children was revealed. In most children, unbalanced diets were registered, which led to a deficiency of macro; and micronutrients (vitamins B1, B2, A, PP) and trace elements (iodine, calcium, iron, zinc). Deficiency of linolenic and linoleic acids and caloric content is noted. Conclusions. Disadaptive diets negatively affect taste habits and eating behavior, contribute to the development of deficiency of minerals and vitamins. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: nutrition of preschool children, eating behavior.
Mechanisms of formation of airway hyperreactivity in view of phenotypical heterogeneity and clinical deviation of bronchial asthma in adolescents (literature review)
Authors:   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Koloskova О.К. , Shakhova О.О. ,   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Tarnavska S.І. ,   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Vlasova O.V. ,   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: December 2021

Bronchial asthma is a disease characterized by recurrent episodes of variable bronchial obstruction, chronic bronchial inflammation, bronchial hypersensitivity and remodulation. Modern therapy of the disease was aimed at these links of pathogenesis, and this concept postulated the need for long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs and, above all, topical inhaled corticosteroids. However, it should be recognized that the coherent inflammatory theory currently requires revision and new understanding, or even replacement with a new theory, which, considering these characteristics of the disease as an epiphenomenon, will serve as a basis for new approaches in treatment and prevention. The aim of our work — to analyze the mechanisms of formation of bronchial hyperreactivity, taking into account the phenotypic heterogeneity and clinical deviation of bronchial asthma in adolescence (based on the analysis of scientific sources). It is extremely important to determine the risk of transition of the adolescents' bronchial asthma into adulthood, when chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases might develop. Among the main predictors of this risk such factors as age, obesity, early puberty, body weight at birth and in the newborn period and sex can be distin guished. Thus, some authors associate the risk of persistence of the disease with its onset in early childhood, and others — at the age of 6 years old. High body mass index and early onset of puberty are considered to be the predictors of persistent bronchial asthma. It is noted that low and extremely low birth weight of premature infants or rapid weight gain in the neonatal period are associated with a decrease in lung ventilation and the risk of persistent asthma in the future. It is believed that bronchial asthma in children is more common in boys than in girls, in contrast, during puberty, allergic diseases and asthma are more common in girls. Conclusions. The above mentioned literature data give reason to believe that, despite advances in the scientific understanding of the pathogenesis of the main characteristics of bronchial asthma, there are great difficulties in using them in practice. Moreover, current inflammatory paradigm of bronchial asthma needs to be revised because it being a dogma becomes unproductive from a clinical point of view. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: asthma, adolescents, hyperreactivity, remission.
Ibuprofen as an antipyretic and analgesic drug in pediatric practice (a literature review)
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Mamenko M.E.
Published: December 2021

Ibuprofen, along with paracetamol, is the drug of choice for lowering fever and pain relief in children; it is a drug sold without a prescription in most countries of the world, in particular in Ukraine, and can be taken by patients at home without prior doctor's examination. It is clear that such an application implies significant advantages over potential risks. In particular, an important condition for «home» use of drugs is the speed of action, the absence of severe side effects, low toxicity, good compatibility with other drugs and a wide therapeutic applicability. Ibuprofen meets these basic requirements, and therefore belongs to the most commonly used molecules in pediatric practice. The question of home use of drugs based on this molecule by parents to lower the temperature in children with acute respiratory diseases remains controversial, because there is an opinion regarding the negative effect of lowering the temperature on the patient's immune response. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the question was generally raised about the negative effect of lowering the temperature with ibuprofen on the prognosis of the disease, caused by the Sars-Cov-2 virus. It is the issues of assessing the benefit-risk ratio for the ibuprofen molecule that this literature review is devoted to. Long-term widespread use experience, numerous studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyzes prove the safety, efficacy and good tolerability of Ibuprofen compared to other medications, including OTC analgesics. Current research suggests that its use may go beyond the usual management of pain and fever in common clinical situations in children. Ibuprofen is not only safe for children at standard dosages, but it is also much safer during accidental or deliberate overdose compared to other analgesics that can lead to fatal consequences if misused. Thus, the overall benefit-risk ratio for the use of Ibuprofen to control pain and fever in children remains positive. The author declares no conflicts of interest. Key words: children, antipyretic drugs, analgesics, efficacy, safety, Ibuprofen.
The Role of New Media in the Agenda Setting (on the Example of the Topic of Coronavirus)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Oleshko V. F. , Mukhina O. S. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2021

The coronavirus pandemic is the most relevant topic that has engulfed the entire world’s media in the last two years. The next round of this issue’s related narrative is centred around the vaccination against COVID-19. The users of the new media conduct active discussions, exerting a direct influence on the agenda, including the use of manipulative techniques. The authors explore the methods used by both sides of the controversy by means of content analysis and online-survey.
Small Media on Instagram: Forms of Promotion and Interaction with the Audience (the Experience of the Regional Newspaper “Rodniki Irbitskie”)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Glebovich T. A. , Novopashina S. S. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the practical experience of upgrading of district newspaper’s Instagram account: the results of the work of an SMM specialist are presented, the applicability of SMM tools on the scale of small media is investigated, and an algorithm of work is formed considering the specifics of the platform and publication format. In addition, the network needs and audience’ preferences were analysed, and the most probable points of emotional interaction and preference for interactive cooperation were identified.
Tinkoff’s Social Media Communication Activities
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ponomareva A. N.
Published: December 2021

The article analyses Tinkoff’s bank communication strategies in social networks. These platforms are a promising avenue for advertising and promotion in the context of rapid development of information technology. Meanwhile we can talk about transitions of the companies to social networks to promote their products. There is an increasing focus on content marketing and blogging in the new media. The study aims to show which platforms and formats the bank chooses, what content it publishes and how it communicates with the audience.
The Coronavirus Theme Coverage Contexts on the Television News Agenda Following the Announcement of the Emergency
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Konkina K. M.
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of a study that examined the contexts of the coronavirus theme coverage on Russian TV news. In addition, the article considers the thematic diversity of the agenda for the period from February 1 to February 29, 2020. The study focuses on TV channels Russia 24, Moscow 24, OTR, Mir, and Euronews. Thus, the paper processed in all 4,930 original news stories, 869 of which were devoted to the topic of coronavirus. The aim of the study was to find out how TV journalists constructed the agenda at that time and how they were dealing with the topic of coronavirus. The collected data demonstrated that the television channels covered the themes at an equal rate. Moreover, the topic of coronavirus often constructed as the news of public interest, with more attention being paid to its coverage from an economic and political point of view, while a scientific explanation is the least common.
Press of British West Africa in the Final Stage of the Colonial Era
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Antoshin A.V.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the final stage in the history of the colonial press of British West Africa. The publication is based on materials from newspapers published in the 1940s — 1950s in Nigeria and Gambia. These publications are stored at the Library of Congress. The authors argue that periodicals are an important historical source for characterizing the processes of political, economic and socio-cultural modernization of Tropical Africa.
«Empathetic Speakers of the Age»: the Work of Women Writers of the 1850s
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Popova M. Yu. , Ermolenko S. I. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the little-studied phenomenon of «women’s» prose of the 1850s — the most mature period in the creative evolution of female writers. The authors’ attention is focused on the issue of the emergence of this phenomenon, as well as on the problem of the artistic originality of the works of fictional women. The study attempts to characterize the prose of female authors in the genre aspect. The corpus of the works studied in the article may be of particular scientific interest — many of them have not been reprinted since the publication.
Polish Music Culture in the Life and Work of the Composer Sergey Slonimsky
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Devyatova O. L.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of cultural relations between Poland and Russia in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries, which are studied using the example of musical culture and Russian-Polish relationships in the creative life of the St. Petersburg composer Sergei Mikhailovich Slonimsky. The significance of the genealogical and genetic roots and musical and creative contacts of the greatest master of modern culture with Poland and Polish music, both in the 19th and 20–2I-th centuries, is proved. It is concluded that it is musical culture, represented by its outstanding creative figures, that is capable, despite political differences, to establish strong, fruitful creative and friendly relations between the two Slavic countries.
Evaluation of Surgical Procedures Needed for Refugees in Turkey:Retrospective study
Authors: YILDIZ Munise , KOZANHAN Betül , ŞEN Zafer , GÜNENC Oğuzhan , EĞİLMEZ Ayşe
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Objective: Surgical procedures are critical components of healthcare services; however, they are usually neglected during public health interventions due to misperceived high costs and limited benefits. Estimating surgical needs for refugee individuals in the host country would help humanitarian aid planning and strategical development of national surgery capacity for resource allocation. The present research aimed to analyze the surgical procedures of refugees.
Methods: 2703 of 15725 hospitalized refugee patients, underwent a surgical procedure during February 2015 and December 2018. Demographic data of the patients such as age and gender, risk classification according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), the anesthesia type, type of the surgical procedures, intraoperative blood transfusion rates, admission incidence to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality rates were recorded. The surgical procedures divided into groups according to the surgical branches and analyzed.
Results: Distribution of two-thirds of the surgical procedures among medical branches was obstetrics and gynecology, orthopedics and traumatology, general surgery and plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery. The most common surgical procedures were C-section, appendectomy, disorders of bone integrity, and wrist injuries.
Conclusion: Approximately one sixth of the refugee patients treated in our hospital underwent various surgical procedures. Our results should be taken into account by governments in planning humanitarian assistance, budgeting sources, and improving surgical capacity for the rapidly growing number of refugees worldwide.
A comparative study of VITEK-2, Double Disc Synergy and Combined Disc Methods for detection of ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase) production in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains
Authors: YILMAZ Mustafa , AK Öznur , HACISEYİTOĞLU Demet , ALKAN Sevil
Published: December 2021

Aim: In this prospective study we aimed to compare the effectiveness of VITEK-2 (bioMérieux, France) automated system, double-disc synergy (DDST) versus combined disc test (CDT) in detecting the Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) positivity in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from various clinical samples.
Material and Method: E.coli and K. pneumoniae strains inoculated on Mueller Hinton Agar plate. Susceptibility tests were performed with the VITEK 2 (BioMérieux, France) system before. Afterward, EBSL positivity was investigated manually DDST and CDT. Minimal inhibitor concentration (MIC) results of three tests were compared with each other according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) criteria.
Results: 184 E. coli and K.pneumoniae strains, elevated. 92.9% of 98 patients with VITEK 2 positive results were positive with combined disc and DDS method, 100% of the 86 patients with negative results of VITEK 2 were negative with combined disc and MDC.
Conclusion: VITEK 2 was found to have a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 92.4%, a positive predictive value of 92.8% and a negative predictive value of 100%. VITEK 2 was found to be compatible with validation tests for ESBL positivity.
Didáctica y prácticas docentes con base en competencias
Authors: Gutiérrez Osorio Diana Mirley ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Rodríguez Baquero Inés Leonilde ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Moreno Correa Julio César ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Gómez Santrich Marta Eliana ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Morelo Pereira Douglas Jahir ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Published: December 2021

Este libro muestra las experiencias y resultados propios del ejercicio en las aulas con base en los postulados del modelo educativo crítico con enfoque de competencias (MECCEC). Las investigaciones que conforman este volumen abordan problemas fundamentales para los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje desde la didáctica. En primera instancia, el capítulo “Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas docentes para el modelo de competencias en una universidad multicampus colombiana” busca responder la pregunta: ¿cómo enseñan nuestros maestros? La investigación se centra en entender la forma en que los docentes de la UCC han asumido el modelo por competencias. De allí se extraen evidencias que permiten identificar estrategias didácticas que potencian las prácticas en el aula, así como potencialidades que pueden desarrollarse y oportunidades de mejora. En el segundo capítulo, “De la didáctica crítica a las estrategias de enseñanza para el desarrollo de competencias en lectura crítica y comunicación escrita”, se hace un análisis sobre cuáles son las contribuciones de la didáctica crítica a las estrategias de enseñanza para el desarrollo de dichas competencias en el programa Contaduría Pública. El capítulo final, “Estrategias didácticas para desarrollar un proceso de educación contable con enfoque de competencias en la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia”, responde, a través de un ejercicio de análisis in situ, a cómo la implementación del modelo educativo ha transformado el currículo desde la perspectiva de la didáctica general y plantea estrategias que faciliten el seguimiento y evaluación al modelo, con acciones que permitan mejorar la relación entre profesores y estudiantes en el aula.
Avaliação da Publicações Brasileiras Envolvendo Humor Vítreo como Amostra Alternativa para Análises Toxicológicas Forenses
Authors: Donato Ribeiro Angélica , Ciscato Cusinato Diego Alberto
Published: December 2021

A toxicologia forense atua na investigação post mortem para identificação e quantificação de substâncias exógenas, buscando correlacioná-las com a causa mortis. Para tanto são realizados exames toxicológicos em diversos fluidos ou tecidos biológicos, denominados matrizes. Os exemplos mais comuns e amplamente estudados de matrizes biológicas são sangue, plasma e urina, classificadas como matrizes convencionais. Outros tipos de matrizes como humor vítreo e saliva têm surgido como alternativa analítica e sua importância têm aumentado nas últimas décadas. O humor vítreo (HV) é uma substância gelatinosa e incolor que se encontra no segmento posterior dos olhos. Devido suas vantagens anatômicas e analíticas, o HV tem sido alvo de pesquisas para análise de concentração de drogas de abuso em casos post mortem. No entanto, mesmo sendo utilizado como matriz alternativa por mais de 50 anos, a quantidade de literatura ainda é limitada, principalmente a respeito da difusão de xenobióticos e sua correlação com as concentrações plasmáticas. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um levantamento bibliográfico dos estudos elaborados por pesquisadores brasileiros utilizando o humor vítreo como matriz alternativa para detecção post mortem de drogas de abuso no período de 2010 a 2020. Foram encontrados, no total, 187 artigos dos quais 07 foram estavam relacionados a cientistas brasileiros, evidenciando a deficiência deste tema de pesquisa na área de toxicologia forense em nosso país.
Effects of Different Types of Perceived Social Support on Changes in Subjective Health among Older Adults: A Focus on Gender Differences
Authors: Ha Miok , Kang Seungja
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This longitudinal study aimed to investigate which types of perceived social support are associated with changes in subjective health over time among Korean older adults. We further explored whether these associations vary by older adults' gender.Methods: The current study examined 3,650 older adults drawn from additional survey data of the 6th and 7th waves of the Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS). Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear regression analyses.Results: Higher perceived instrumental and emotional supports significantly associated with less decline in subjective health over 2 years. Gender only moderated the association between emotional support and changes in subjective health. That is, higher emotional support associated with less decline in subjective health among older women, but not among older men.Conclusion: These findings suggest that instrumental support is the strongest predictor of older adults' changes in health over time, indicating the need for public supports for those who lack instrumental support from their social ties. Health promotion programs for older women should aim to enhance their perceived emotional support to protect them from faster declines in subjective health over time.