bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validity and reliability of assessing diaphragmatic mobility by area on X-rays of healthy subjects
Authors: Pedrini Aline , Gonçalves Márcia Aparecida , Leal Bruna Estima , Tavares Michelle Gonçalves de Souza , Yamaguti Wellington Pereira , Góes David Luiz , Paulin Elaine
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the concurrent validity, as well as the intra- and inter-rater reliability, of assessing diaphragmatic mobility by area (DMarea) on chest X-rays of healthy adults. Methods: We evaluated anthropometric parameters, pulmonary function, and diaphragmatic mobility in 43 participants. Two observers (rater A and rater B) determined diaphragmatic mobility at two time points. We used Pearson’s correlation coefficient to evaluate the correlation between DMarea and the assessment of diaphragmatic mobility by distance (DMdist). To evaluate intra- and inter-rater reliability, we used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC [2,1]), 95% CI, and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: A significant correlation was found between the DMarea and DMdist methods (r = 0.743; p < 0.0001). For DMarea, the intra-rater reliability was found to be quite high for the right hemidiaphragm (RHD)-ICC (2,1) = 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86-0.95) for rater A and ICC (2,1) = 0.90 (95% CI: 0.84-0.94) for rater B-and the left hemidiaphragm (LHD)-ICC (2,1) = 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93-0.97) for rater A and ICC (2,1) = 0.91 (95% CI: 0.81-0.95) for rater B-(p < 0.0001 for all). Also for DMarea, the inter-rater reliability was found to be quite high for the first and second evaluations of the RHD-ICC (2,1) = 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98-0.99) and ICC (2,1) = 0.95 (95% CI: 0.86-0.97), respectively-and the LHD-ICC (2,1) = 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98-0.99) and ICC (2,1) = 0.94 (95% CI: 0.87-0.97)-(p < 0.0001 for both). The Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between the mobility of the RHD and that of the LHD. Conclusions: The DMarea method proved to be a valid, reliable measure of diaphragmatic mobility.
Is the COPD Assessment Test sensitive for differentiating COPD patients from active smokers and nonsmokers without lung function impairment? A population-based study
Authors: Karloh Manuela , Rocha Simone Aparecida Vieira , Pizzichini Marcia Margaret Menezes , Cavalli Francine , Matte Darlan Laurício , Pizzichini Emilio
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scores in adults with and without COPD, as well as to compare the CAT scores for nonsmokers, former smokers, and smokers without COPD with those for patients with COPD. Methods: This was a cross-sectional population-based study (the Respira Floripa study). The study included adults ≥ 40 years of age residing in the city of Florianópolis, Brazil. A total of 846 households were surveyed. In addition to completing the Respira Floripa questionnaire and the CAT, participants underwent pulmonary function testing. Results: We analyzed data on 1,057 participants (88.1% of the predicted sample size). A functional diagnosis of COPD was made in 92 participants (8.7%). Of those, 72% were unaware that they had COPD. The mean CAT score was higher in the group of COPD patients than in that of individuals without COPD (10.6 [95% CI: 8.8-12.4] vs. 6.6 [95% CI: 6.1-7.0]; p < 0.01). Individual item scores were significantly higher in the patients with COPD than in the individuals without COPD (p < 0.001), the exception being the scores for the items related to sleep (p = 0.13) and energy (p = 0.08). The mean CAT score was higher in the group of COPD patients than in nonsmokers (5.8 [95% CI: 5.3-6.4]) and former smokers (6.4 [95% CI: 5.6-7.2]; p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the mean CAT score between the group of COPD patients and smokers without COPD (9.5 [95% CI: 8.2-10.8]; p > 0.05), the exception being the mean scores for confidence leaving home (p = 0.02). Conclusions: CAT scores were higher in the group of patients with COPD than in nonsmokers and former smokers without COPD. However, there were no significant differences in CAT scores between COPD patients and smokers without COPD. Smokers with an FEV1/FVC ratio > 0.70 have impaired health status and respiratory symptoms similar to those observed in COPD patients.
Patient-ventilator asynchrony
Authors: Holanda Marcelo Alcantara , Vasconcelos Renata dos Santos , Ferreira Juliana Carvalho , Pinheiro Bruno Valle
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT Patient-v entilator asynchrony (PVA) is a mismatch between the patient, regarding time, flow, volume, or pressure demands of the patient respiratory system, and the ventilator, which supplies such demands, during mechanical ventilation (MV). It is a common phenomenon, with incidence rates ranging from 10% to 85%. PVA might be due to factors related to the patient, to the ventilator, or both. The most common PVA types are those related to triggering, such as ineffective effort, auto-triggering, and double triggering; those related to premature or delayed cycling; and those related to insufficient or excessive flow. Each of these types can be detected by visual inspection of volume, flow, and pressure waveforms on the mechanical ventilator display. Specific ventilatory strategies can be used in combination with clinical management, such as controlling patient pain, anxiety, fever, etc. Deep sedation should be avoided whenever possible. PVA has been associated with unwanted outcomes, such as discomfort, dyspnea, worsening of pulmonary gas exchange, increased work of breathing, diaphragmatic injury, sleep impairment, and increased use of sedation or neuromuscular blockade, as well as increases in the duration of MV, weaning time, and mortality. Proportional assist ventilation and neurally adjusted ventilatory assist are modalities of partial ventilatory support that reduce PVA and have shown promise. This article reviews the literature on the types and causes of PVA, as well as the methods used in its evaluation, its potential implications in the recovery process of critically ill patients, and strategies for its resolution.
Comparison of two smoking cessation interventions for inpatients
Authors: Campos Antonio Carlos Ferreira , Nani Angela Santos Ferreira , Fonseca Vilma Aparecida da Silva , Silva Eduardo Nani , Castro Marcos César Santos de , Martins Wolney de Andrade
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two cognitive behavioral therapy-based smoking cessation interventions initiated during hospitalization and to evaluate the factors related to relapse after discharge. Methods: This was a prospective randomized study involving 90 smokers hospitalized in a university hospital. We collected data related to sociodemographic characteristics, reasons for admission, smoking-related diseases, smoking history, the degree of nicotine dependence (ND), and the level of craving. Patients were divided into two treatment groups: brief intervention (BrInter, n = 45); and intensive intervention with presentation of an educational video (InInterV, n=45). To assess relapse, all patients were assessed by telephone interview in the first, third, and sixth months after discharge. Abstinence was confirmed by measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO). Results: Of the 90 patients evaluated, 55 (61.1%) were male. The mean age was 51.1 ± 12.2 years. The degree of ND was elevated in 39 (43.4%), and withdrawal symptoms were present in 53 (58.9%). The mean eCO at baseline was 4.8 ± 4.5 ppm. The eCO correlated positively with the degree of ND (r = 0.244; p = 0.02) and negatively with the number of smoke-free days (r = −0.284; p = 0.006). There were no differences between the groups in terms of the variables related to socioeconomic status, smoking history, or hospitalization. Of the 81 patients evaluated at 6 months, 33 (40.7%) remained abstinent (9 and 24 BrInter and InInterV group patients, respectively; p = 0.001), and 48 (59.3%) had relapsed (31 and 17 BrInter and InInterV group patients, respectively; p= 0.001). Moderate or intense craving was a significant independent risk factor for relapse, with a relative risk of 4.0 (95% CI: 1.5-10.7; p < 0.00001). Conclusions: The inclusion of an educational video proved effective in reducing relapse rates. Craving is a significant risk factor for relapse.
KYPHOPLASTY AND VERTEBROPLASTY IN THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROTIC VERTEBRAL FRACTURES
Authors: Nahum García Ortiz Uriel , Ángel Fuentes Rivera Miguel , Amado González Moga , Alberto Santos Benitez Hugo
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare these procedures in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Methods: Patients who underwent vertebral augmentation procedures between March 2010 and October 2016 were selected for the study. Kyphosis, anterior vertebral height, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), number of portals, cement volume, and complications were recorded. The results were analyzed by difference of the means. Results: Sixty-eight patients were selected, accounting for 105 procedures. A statistically significant improvement was observed in VAS and ODI with both procedures (p<0.001) without statistically significant difference between them, regardless of the number of portals or cement applied. There was a high correlation between kyphosis correction and ODI improvement (p =0.012). Conclusions: Both vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are effective procedures for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. We found no significant difference between both procedures. The high correlation between improvement of kyphosis and ODI suggests that these procedures are better than conservative treatment to improve the quality of life of patients, however more studies are required to reach a final conclusion. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective comparative study.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PANORAMA OF ORTHOPEDIC SPINE PATHOLOGY IN MEXICO
Authors: Armenta Alan Giovanni Polanco , Martínez Eulalio Elizalde , Gonzalez Rubén Torres , Garfias Adrián Rocha , Prado María Guadalupe Sánchez
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the epidemiology of orthopedic spine pathology in a national reference hospital in Mexico. Methods: Retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study, using the database and hospitalization census of the orthopedic spine service from January 2009 to December 2016. The data analysis was performed with SPSS version 22 measuring the central frequency and percentages. The demographic variables age and sex, and those related to the diagnosis, type of pathology, affected segment and degrees of affection were obtained. The sampling technique was non-probabilistic sampling by convenience of consecutive cases. Results: We analyzed 7,771 cases: 50.34% males, with a mean age of 53.51 years. The prevalence of the most frequent diseases in hospitalized patients was stenosis of the lumbar canal with 25.85% (1,834 patients), followed by lumbar disc herniation (23.12%), spondylolisthesis (22.63%), cervical spondylotic myelopathy (8.76%), lumbar pain and lumbosciatalgia (4.10%), cervical disc herniation (3.96%), primary infection (3.80%), loosening of material (3.16%), spinal tumors (2.53%) and cervical instability (2.04%). Conclusions: This is the largest series of cases of spinal pathology treated in a hospital in Latin America. The most frequent condition was the stenosis of the lumbar canal, the most affected segment was the lumbar, and the most affected age group was 51 to 60 years. The estimate is an increase in the incidence of spinal diseases, so it is necessary to identify the risk factors and the behavior of each disease for its prevention. Level of Evidence IV; Retrospective, observational and descriptive study.
PELVIC INSUFFICIENCY: UNDERDIAGNOSED CONDITION, THERAPEUTIC DIAGNOSTIC REVIEW
Authors: García Francisco Javier Sánchez , Estrada Jorge Alberto de Haro , Johnson Herman Michael Dittmar
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: The importance of sacral fractures has recently been recognized. However, its diagnosis is difficult, both clinically and through image, but there are more options for comprehensive diagnosis. Methods: We conducted a literature review about its diagnosis and the treatments currently offered, and also to check which treatments had the best results. Results: Patients with pelvic insufficiency have limited mobility due to lumbar or pelvic pain. As radiculopathy is a neurologically stable condition, it has a reported incidence of only 5% and sphincter disorders. The pain improves when lying down and increases with load. The treatments vary from conservative to surgical. Discussion: The different treatments were compared, and the one that has more morbidity is the conservative, because it predisposes us to complications (pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, heart failure, decubitus ulcers); in the interventionists we observe a faster improvement to normal activity of these patients, the complications are minor and the pain improvement is noticeable and much faster. Conclusion: Fractures due to pelvic insufficiency are underdiagnosed. However, there are already better imaging techniques and combined with good exploration and clinical history we can suspect this condition and offer the best possible treatment, these being the invasive ones that have had better results with lower morbidity and recovery of activity much more quickly. Level of Evidence III; Review of therapeutic studies - Investigation of treatment results.
DESIGN OF GEODETIC NETWORKS BASED ON OUTLIER IDENTIFICATIONCRITERIA: AN EXAMPLE APPLIED TO THE LEVELING NETWORK
Authors: Rofatto Vinicius Francisco , Matsuoka Marcelo Tomio , Klein Ivandro
Published: July 2018

Abstract: We present a numerical simulation method for designing geodetic networks. The quality criterion considered is based on the power of the test of data snooping testing procedure. This criterion expresses the probability of the data snooping to identify correctly an outlier. In general, the power of the test is defined theoretically. However, with the advent of the fast computers and large data storage systems, it can be estimated using numerical simulation. Here, the number of experiments in which the data snooping procedure identifies the outlier correctly is counted using Monte Carlos simulations. If the network configuration does not meet the reliability criterion at some part, then it can be improved by adding required observation to the surveying plan. The method does not use real observations. Thus, it depends on the geometrical configuration of the network; the uncertainty of the observations; and the size of outlier. The proposed method is demonstrated by practical application of one simulated leveling network. Results showed the needs of five additional observations between adjacent stations. The addition of these new observations improved the internal reliability of approximately 18%. Therefore, the final designed network must be able to identify and resist against the undetectable outliers - according to the probability levels.
SOIL SPECTRAL MAPPING AND ITS CORRELATION WITH THE TRADITIONAL METHODOLOGY
Authors: Chicati Marcelo Luiz , Nanni Marcos Rafael , Cézar Everson , Oliveira Roney Berti de , Chicati Mônica Sacioto
Published: July 2018

Abstract: The use of remote sensing is increasing in agriculture and this raises questions about its efficiency over other usual methods. Thus, the purposes of this study were to compare methodologies for soil mapping, using field samplings and spectral data (from laboratory and from a simulated Landsat-TM), and to estimate their correlation. The soil samples were collected in a wetland with a great variety of soil classes. The distribution of soil classes in the maps was based on independence analysis by the Chi-square. Ten soil classes were determined in the study area, 6 in the first category level. The map of laboratory spectral data showed low correlation with conventional data. The map of spectral data that simulated wavelenghts corresponding the spectral bands of Landsat-TM sensor showed the same behavior of the previous map, with lower correlation with the conventional data. Thus, we verified that the mapping of paddy soils with spectral data shows low correlation with conventional data, however, still rather positive.
APPLICATION OF CALIBRATION CERTIFICATE OF DIGITAL LEVELING SYSTEMS IN THE MONITORING OF STRUCTURES: A CASE STUDY AT THE GOVERNADOR JOSÉ RICHA HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT - PR
Authors: Gemin Alyne Raminelli Siguel , Matos Érica Santos , Faggion Pedro Luís
Published: July 2018

Abstract: The monitoring of the vertical behavior of benchmarks installed in the dam crest of the Governador José Richa hydroelectric power plant (UHGJR) has been performed by the first-order differential leveling method with the use of digital leveling systems which are composed of a digital level and a invar barcode rod. By default, the scales of these instruments are the same, but over time both can change, degrading the observations. In the past, the simultaneous calibration of these systems was not considered in the determination of UHGJR settlements, however, after the development of the first calibration system of digital leveling systems in Brazil, it was possible to investigate the equipment performance as well as to determine a scale factor to be applied to correct the level readings. The results achieved are the systems calibration used in the monitoring of the UHGJR and the calibration certificate application in leveled sections in November 2016. The maximum correction applied to the elevation differences was of the order of nine tenths of millimeters, result attributed to the region observed in the rod, since the deviations obtained in the calibration vary according to the reading position at the rod.
Structural analysis of composite metakaolin-based geopolymer concrete
Authors: PELISSER F. , SILVA B. V. , MENGER M. H. , FRASSON B. J. , KELLER T. A. , TORII A. J. , LOPEZ R. H.
Published: July 2018

Abstract The study of alternative binders to Portland cement, such as geopolymer cements, offers the chance to develop materials with different properties. With this purpose, this study evaluated experimentally the mechanical behavior of a geopolymer concrete beam and compared to a Finite Element (FE) nonlinear numerical model. Two concrete beams were fabricated, one of Portland cement and another of metakaolin-based geopolymer cement. The beams were instrumented with linear variable differential transformers and strain gauges to measure the deformation of the concrete and steel. Values for the compressive strength of the geopolymer cement concrete was 8% higher than the Portland cement concrete (55 MPa and 51 MPa, respectively) and the tensile rupture strength was also 8% higher (131 kN) for the geopolymer concrete beam in relation to Portland cement concrete beam (121 kN). Distinct failure mechanisms were verified between the two samples, with an extended plastic deformation of the geopolymer concrete, revealing post-fracture toughness. The geopolymer concrete showed higher tensile strength and better adhesion in cement-steel interface.
Coding the “New Implicit Method” in MatLab for preliminary tunnel design
Authors: FERRÃO W. C. , BERNAUD D.
Published: July 2018

Abstract The tunnel design is a subject that demands a three-dimensional analysis dealing with two different players: lining and rockmass. The traditional methods of getting the necessary parameters for design do not consider a correct interaction between the two players, but the New Implicit Method (NIM) takes this characteristic in its core and develops some formulations for elastic, plastic and viscous rockmasses. Understanding that the stiffness of the lining and the distance between the lining and the tunnel face change the convergence of the tunnel, a code in MatLab for NIM is validated through Finite Element (FEM) with its results being presented. The validation of this method was compared with FEM analysis and the results obtained an average accuracy of 12% what represents a good approximation regarding geotechnical issues.
Concrete application of clinker-efficient cements
Authors: Palm Sebastian , Müller Christoph , Proske Tilo , Rezvani Moien , Graubner Carl-Alexander
Published: July 2018

The performance of clinker-efficient cements with granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and limestone beyond the limits of the current DIN EN 197-1 was examined. Fresh, mechanical and durability properties of concretes made with laboratory and plant cements were determined. It can be stated that cements with a clinker content of about 50 wt% using GGBS and a limestone content of up to 20 wt% are suitable, in principle, for producing structural concretes. These cements gave fresh concrete properties as used in practice, good mechanical properties and, with the exception of the freeze–thaw resistance, admissible durability properties within the framework of the currently valid description deemed to satisfy rules in Germany. Concretes made with cements outside the currently envisaged extension of DIN EN 197-1 with a clinker content of about 20 to 35 wt% and a limestone content of up to 50 wt% can also exhibit admissible durability properties, if exacting concrete technology measures (low water–cement ratio and corresponding addition levels of admixtures) are applied in the concrete production.
Nanostructured diatomite and its potential for the removal of an antibiotic from water
Authors: Garcia-Alonso José Alfredo , Zurita-Martinez Florentina , Guzmán-González Carlos Alberto , Del Real-Olvera Jorge , Sulbarán-Rangel Belkis Coromoto
Published: July 2018

The objective of this research was to perform characterization of Mexican diatomite through different techniques and to analyze its efficiency in the adsorption of ciprofloxacin present in synthetic water. Mexico has large deposits of diatomite land that have not been well characterized; characterization is important in order to increase the use of this biomaterial in more specialized applications, such as the adsorption of emerging pollutants. Some of the emerging contaminants found in wastewater and surface water are antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin. With the characterization, it was confirmed that diatomite is a nanostructured material composed of silicon oxide. Different forms of diatoms were found as well, corresponding to the species Discostella, Amphipleura and Cymbopleura, which showed a porous structure on the order of 50–380 nm with a surface area of 27·51 m2/g. The variables that were used to corroborate the adsorption efficiency of ciprofloxacin onto diatomite were the concentration of ciprofloxacin and initial pH for a period of time of 12 h. In this research, the data suggest a good affinity between ciprofloxacin and the diatomite. The adsorption efficiency at pH 9 was between 18 and 34%, and in the case of pH 6, it was between 64 and 75%.
Guidance on hidden defects in bridges in the UK and Ireland
Authors: Collins John , Ashurst David , Webb John , Sparkes Peter , Ghose Amrit
Published: July 2018

There is a long history of failure or collapse of bridges in the UK and Ireland attributable to hidden defects. This paper summarises and discusses some of the guidance issued in the Ciria publication C764 Hidden Defects in Bridges – Guidance for Detection and Management. Some case studies of recent problems are included. The current standard practice of bridge inspection and associated management is compared to a proposed proactive approach, which includes targeted inspections and requires knowledge and understanding of the risks posed by types of defects. The question of what cannot be seen is raised. The importance and competence of the inspector, engineer and asset owner are emphasised. The types of defects that may be hidden are discussed and listed for each main element of bridges. The challenges to the industry arising from the recommendations are discussed; suggestions are made for further research and the recommended proactive methods are discussed.
An alternative corrosion protection for wrought-iron bridges
Authors: Gent Dave , Thomas Paul , Woof Max-Xavier
Published: July 2018

A major factor in the maintenance of metallic bridge structures involves cleaning and repainting to protect the fabric of the structure from the elements. It is known from experience in the current financial climate that as budgets are squeezed and industry resources are stretched, this cleaning and repainting cycle is often not maintained due to the cost of undertaking the works. This lack of maintenance results in a shortening of the structure’s lifespan and eventually larger costs as the bridge requires replacement before its anticipated design life. The three main factors which constrain maintenance painting are (a) accessibility of all parts of the structure, (b) the surrounding environment and (c) the complexity of the new paint protection system. When these factors are combined, the cost of carrying out that painting often becomes prohibitive. This investigation focused on the use of linseed oil as a method of protecting metallic structures, in particular those fabricated from wrought iron, which tend to be much older and of heritage or historical interest, yielding promising results of interest to the wider bridge community.
Evaluating social value in the UK construction industry
Authors: Cartigny Tom , Lord Wayne
Published: July 2018

A comparative study of contracts tendered in England, Wales and Scotland was conducted to determine the impact of the Public Services (Social Value) Act 2012 (‘the Act’) on public sector construction contracts. This paper builds on the literature review paper already published by the authors, which set out to define what social value means in the context of public sector works in the UK and under the Act, by assessing the impact on public sector procurement in the UK. A broad method of measurement for social value in public sector construction contracts is developed before reviewing published contracts (tendered and awarded) on the Official Journal of the European Union website. The study has found that the Act has had little impact on England, where social value was already being considered; however, there has been a significant increase in attempts to incorporate social value associated with construction projects in both Wales and Scotland.
Yaratıcı Dramanın Şiir Yazmaya Yönelik Tutuma Etkisi
Authors: ARPAĞ Mahmut
Published: July 2018

Şiir, edebiyatımızda kendine
özgü bir yeri olan özel bir edebi türdür. Çocuğun dil sevgisi ve bilinç
kazanması için en etkili türlerden biri şiirdir. Şiir sayesinde çocuk; dilinin
zenginliklerinin bilincine varır, kelimelerin farklı anlamlarını fark eder, dil
becerilerini geliştirir, duygu ve düşüncelerini uygun beden hareketleriyle
destekler. Çocukluktan beri insan hayatında yer alan şiirin insan hayatının her
aşamasında ve sürekli olarak üzerinde durulması gerekir. Çocuk şiiri Türk
edebiyatına geç girmiştir ancak çocuk şiirinin değeri zamanla anlaşılmış ve
edebiyatımızda giderek daha fazla yer almıştır. Çocuklar, şiir yazmaya yatkın
ve isteklidir. Çocukların istekleri üzerinde durulursa şiir yazmaya olan
ilgileri artar ve şiir yazma becerileri gelişir ancak süreç iyi devam etmezse
veya çocuklar belirli yöntemler ve belirli kalıplarla şiir yazmaya zorlanırsa
ilgileri ilköğretimin sonuna doğru kaybolabilir. Bu yüzden şiir yazarken
öğrencilerin şiir yazmaya yönelik tutumunu olumlu yönde etkileyecek yöntemler
tercih edilmelidir. Bu yöntemlerden biri çocukların hayal güçlerini, sanatsal
duyarlılıklarını, zihinsel kapasitelerini ve yaratıcılıklarını geliştiren;
duygularını uygun şekilde ifade etme becerisi kazandıran, algılama ve yorumlama
gibi iletişim yeteneklerini geliştiren yaratıcı dramadır. Bu araştırmada
yaratıcı drama yöntemi kullanılarak şiir yazma etkinlikleri uygulanmıştır. Bu
araştırmanın amacı, yaratıcı drama yönteminin
ilköğretim ikinci kademe 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin şiir yazmaya yönelik tutumuna
etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada ön test- son test deney deseni
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında
6. sınıfta okuyan yetmiş iki öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma, Ankara ili
Haymana ilçesindeki üç devlet okulunda iki hafta devam etmiştir. Araştırmanın
verileri “Şiir Yazmaya Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin
analizinde t testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, öğrencilerin şiir
yazmaya yönelik tutuma ilişkin olarak ön ve son testler arasında son test
lehine önemli farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Yaratıcı drama yöntemi ile şiir
yazmak, öğrencilerin şiir yazmaya yönelik ilgi ve tutumlarını olumlu yönde
etkilemiştir.
Okulöncesi Dönem Öğretmenlerinin Çocuk Edebiyatı Yapıtlarını Seçme Ölçütü Olarak Yazınsal Karakterlere Yükledikleri Anlam
Authors: BULUT Sevilay
Published: July 2018

Okulöncesi dönem öğretmenlerinin çocuklarla
gerçekleştirdikleri kitap okuma odaklı etkinliklerde, ortama taşıdıkları
kitapları seçerken hangi ölçütlere göre hareket ettiği önemlidir. Bu bağlamda
dış yapı gibi biçimsel özelliklerin yanında iç yapı özelliklerinden olan; konu,
ileti, biçem, kurgu ve karakterler gibi yazınsal öğeler metin
değerlendirmelerinde göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Yapılan araştırmada
öğretmenlerin kitap seçimlerinde özellikle karakterler bağlamında nelere dikkat
ettiği üzerinde durulmuştur. Araştırma case study (durum çalışması) deseninde
nitel bir çalışmadır. Veriler betimsel kodlama yoluyla çözümlenmiş ve önce
kategorilere sonra da temalara ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada önce; “Karakterin türü”,
“Gerçek yaşama aktarma”, “Olumlu karakter özellikleri” ve “Son sayfada ne mesaj
veriyor?” kategorilerine ve sonrasında bu kategorilerden hareketle; “Karakter
Özellikleri” ve “Davranış ve Değer Öğretimi” temalarına ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma
sonucunda öğretmenlerin davranış ve değer öğretimi konusunda özellikle bu amaca
hizmet edebilecek olumlu karakter özellikleri taşıyan kahramanlara yöneldikleri
anlaşılmıştır.
Çocuklar İçin Hazırlanan Masal Kitaplarındaki Dil Dışı Göstergelerin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA EDİZER Zeynep , KONU Meltem Merve
Published: July 2018

İletişimde, kullanılan dil
kadar dil dışı göstergeler de önem taşımaktadır. Özellikle okul öncesine ve
okumaya yeni başlayan çocuklara yönelik hazırlanan kitaplarda görsellerin
yansıttığı iletiler çok önemlidir. Bu dönemdeki çocuklar, karşılaştıkları
görselleri çoğu zaman kendilerince anlamlandırıp bir masal uydurarak bir
başkasına aktarabilmekte ya da kendi kendilerine anlatabilmektedirler. Çalışmada
bu yaşlar için masalları anlamlandırma ve yorumlama sürecinde kullanılan dil
dışı göstergelerin önemini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda dünya
klasik masallarından olan Bremen Mızıkacıları, Çizmeli Kedi, Külkedisi, Pamuk
Prenses ve Uyuyan Güzel masal kitaplarındaki görseller, Charles Sanders Peirce’ün
kuramı dâhilinde incelenmiştir. Böylelikle masallardaki içselleştirme ediminde dil
dışı göstergelerin yeri ve önemi açığa çıkarılmıştır.
Mulheres submetidas á mastectomia: aspectos sentimentais e emocionais
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Gislaine , Dourado Bastos Keyla , De Souza Araújo Anne Jacob , Ferreira Bispo Tânia Christiane , De Sousa Almeida Oliveira Gleide Regina , Da Silva Schulz Renata
Published: July 2018

O câncer de mama é o segundo tipo com maior frequência no mundo e, também o que mais acomete as mulheres. Dentre os tipos de tratamento existe a mastectomia parcial ou total, sendo esse último o método mais radical. Objetivo: explanar como a mastectomia repercute no emocional e sentimentalmente na mulher. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, na qual foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo e BDENF, utilizando os descritores: Câncer de mama, Mastectomia, e Cuidados de enfermagem. Dentre os artigos selecionados 13 estavam apropriados a pesquisa. Resultados: A necessidade da mastectomia é uma condição que ocasiona tensão, temor, angustias e muita preocupação. Causa muita dor e sofrimento para a mulher e seus familiares, pois acarreta em uma mutilação que repercute em sua imagem corporal, afeta a sexualidade e a autoimagem. . Percebe-se que a mutilação, reproduz uma gama de sentimentos que afeta a feminilidade. O processo de ser mastectomizada traz repercussões complexas para a mulher que envolvem a aceitação do próprio corpo. Conclusão: A contribuição na assistência de enfermagem, busca aprimorar o trabalho de cuidado com as pacientes, procurando sempre prestar uma assistência diferenciada pemeada pela promoção do o conhecimento e da atenção individualizada. Contudo, as ações de enfermagem não devem se resumir apenas a realizar as habilidades técnicas, mas deve abranger também toda a ação humanizada de comunicação e apoio.
Japanese encephalitis virus real-time RT-PCR v3
Authors: A Northill Judy , Finger Mitchell , Lyon Michael , M Mackay Ian
Published: July 2018

A real-time RT-PCR using an MGB probe, this assay detects Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) from human and mosquito samples. The assay targets the 3'UTR region of known JEV strains.
Investigation of the reaction mechanism of [4 + 2] cyclization of 2,3 dimethylbuta-1,3-diene to methylacrylate using the Michaelis-Menten equation
Authors: Kostiv Irina
Published: July 2018

The cycloaddition reaction between 2,3‑dimethylbuta-1,3-diene and methylacrylate proceeds by the second order kinetics. The rate constants increase with the increase in the excess of one of the reactants. The change in the effective rate constants is described by the Michaelis–Menten equation indicating that the reaction proceeds through the initial equilibrium stage of formation of a molecular complex stabilized by van der Waals interaction which then transforms into the product. The limiting stage of the reaction is established and its mechanism is suggested.
Study of impact factors and the mechanism of gypsum binder hydration process in the presence of nanomodifiers
Authors: Derevianko Victor , Kondratieva Natalia , Hryshko Hanna ,   Department of Construction Materials, Products and Structures Engineering,   Department of Chemical Engineering and Binding Materials,   Department of Hydroreclamation Systems Operation and Construction Technology
Published: July 2018

This article represents the results of the research of nanomodification of mineral binders involving structure formation mechanisms and gypsum binder hydration process, and thus, affecting various properties. Experiments proved that during growth, crystals partly penetrate into each other and form a three-dimensional network permeating and incorporating the entire gypsum stone into a whole body, which promotes structuring of calcium sulfate matrix and improvement in gypsum compressive strength up to 30%. Chemical functionalization of the surface of carbon nanotubes promotes a reduced sedimentation effect, allows for a more uniform nanostructure dispergation throughout the modified material volume and provides chemical interaction between the substance matrix and nanotubes.
Donald Trump, Andrew Jackson, Lebensraum, and Manifest Destiny
Authors: Johansen Bruce E.
Published: July 2018

President Donald Trump's admiration of President Andrew Jackson evokes a discussion of parallels between their ideologies, including a reluctance to repudiate white supremacy and a disregard for the rule of law. These attitudes are reflected both in Jackson's authorship of the Indian Removal Act (1830) and his refusal to acknowledge a judgment by the US Supreme Court in favor of the Cherokee Nation that might have averted the Trail of Tears. Jackson's advocacy of American exceptionalism (“America first” to Trump) also provokes an analysis of what later was cast in popular discourse as Manifest Destiny. United States history--its “race law” in particular--is described here through the admiring eyes of Adolph Hitler, who likened Germany's expansion before and during World War II to United States “westward movement” during the nineteenth century.
An Understanding of the Islamic Banking Industry from Customers’ Perspective
Authors: Chowdhury Rebeka Sultana
Published: July 2018

During the last decade, conventional banks faced stiff competition from Islamic bank. The main purpose of the study is to find out the customers’ perspective on Islamic banking in Bangladesh. The study was based on both primary and secondary data. For collecting primary data, a questionnaire survey was conducted among Islamic banks’ customers. Selection of respondents was based on random sampling as well as the convenient sampling method. Customer opinions were measured by a 5-point Likert scale. Customers’ perspectives have been measured with respect to various aspects (service quality, profit rate, service charge, internet banking, employee proficiency, etc.). Findings of the study reveal that the respondents think positively about almost all aspects of the Islamic bank.
JEL Classification Code: G21
The Potential Impact of AEC 2015 on the Small Farmers of Myanmar
Authors: Chhani Lalrin
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study is to find out the potential impact of AEC by comparing the farmers’ and the government officials’ perspective, and then find a solution for the farmers’ problem by using AEC. The research was done by discussing with six farmers’ family and three government officials. The participating farmers were chosen with the help of the government officials. The participants of the government can be divided into two, the one who had direct contact with the farmers and the one who formulate agriculture plans and development of agriculture sector.
The significant research findings were the following: 1) Problems and challenges of the farmers in the current situation; 2) How did the farmers perceived and understand the AEC?; 3) What were the farmers’ expectations and how did they prepare for the AEC?; 4) How did the government perceive the AEC?; 5) What will the potential impact of the AEC be for the small land farmers in Myanmar?; and 6) What should the farmers do in order to solve their problems and make wise use of the AEC?
Role of Microcredit on the Education: A Study on NGOs in Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Ishita , Biswas Pronab
Published: July 2018

Bangladesh is a pioneer of the conceptualizing micro-credit program. It has undertaken some such programs to reduce poverty and bring about socio-economic changes in the rural community. Among them, microcredit plays vital role in promoting education. So micro-credit is considered as vital tools to promote the education and reduce drop out. Presently Microfinance popularly known as micro-credit. Now there are many types of microcredit organizations, we can see throughout the country. The common micro-credit institutions are GB, BRAC, ASA. This study explores the role of micro credits on the education, who had acquired micro credits from different microcredit organizations. Primary research was carried out with the help of a major NGO’s who give loan for education. Two hundred in-depth personal interviews were conducted by the author Roy, I. and Biswas, P. from February to August 2015. Most of the developing countries like Bangladesh; people are poor especially in the rural areas people who are unable to send their children to school. Though Bangladesh Government provides some reading and writing materials to all level of students throughout the Bangladeshi students. But it is not sufficient, and it can’t motivate parents to send their children school. Because of the high cost of education parents are discouraged to educate their children. In such a situation some major microcredit institutions provide money for their children education who is the member of these institutions. They sometimes provide money without any condition or sometimes conditionally. Such major micro-credit organizations are GB, BRAC, and ASA.
Factors Affecting Customers Brand Switching Behavior in Mobile Telecommunication Industry: A Study of Pabna District in Bangladesh
Authors: Masud-Ul-Hasan Md.
Published: July 2018

The mobile telecommunication market in Bangladesh has already been saturated. In this matured market every company wants to protect their customer from being switched to their competitors. On the other hand, every company tries to attract the competitor’s customer. In this situation it is very important to understand every detail of the customers switching behavior. This study was intended to identify the factors affecting brand switching behavior as well as the factors which create the switching barrier.
The Impact of Human Resource Development (HRD) Practices on Organizational Effectiveness: A Review
Authors: Uddin Md. Bashir , Naher Kamrun , Bulbul Afroza , Ahmad Neser Aminul , Rahman Mohammad Mizanur
Published: July 2018

This paper attempted to review theoretically the HRD and its matrix and revealed to show the positive relationship between HRD and organizational effectiveness. In HRD shows the different variables (outcomes) such as HRD instruments, HRD processes & climate variables and organizational dimensions. HRD affects the organizational goals which may result from higher productivity, cost reduction, more profits, better image and more satisfied customers and stake holders considered as organization dimensions HRD activities, as such, do not reduce costs, improve quality or quantity, or benefit the enterprise in any way. It is the on-the- job applications of learning that ultimately can reduce costs, improve quality, and so forth. In the organizational context, therefore, HRD means a process which helps employees of an organization to improve their functional capabilities for their present and future roles, to develop their general capabilities, to harness their inner potentialities both for their self and organizational development and, to develop organizational culture to sustain harmonious superior-subordinate relationships, teamwork, motivation, quality and a sense of belongingness. The study also analyses the Kliman Model of HRM to show the path of mechanisms which could lead to competitive advantage. Today’s fast changing environment modern organizations are more careful to sustain in the competitive advantage relating to HRD our study has been developed to help the management students, academicians, and professionals to understand the subject properly and enhance their knowledge about HRD network within the organization for its effectiveness.
Determining Bank performance using CAMEL rating: A comparative study on selected Islamic and Conventional Banks in Bangladesh
Authors: Rafiq Md. Rafiqul Islam
Published: July 2018

The present article seeks to examine the determinants of the bank profitability in a developing country like Bangladesh and to compare the performance of Islamic and conventional banks during the period 2008 - 2014. Specifically working within the Bangladeshi financial sector, the analysis is confined to the domestic commercial banks operating in the Bangladeshi financial sector during the period 2008-2014. In order to achieve the study objectives and to answer some questions, the ratio analysis and CAMEL has been used. The study found that the higher capital ratio, Tier-1, and growth in total deposits for Islamic banks than conventional banks. On the other hand, Islamic banks are not able to good perform with ROA, ROE and cost-to-income ratio while conventional banks showed satisfactory performance in utilizing funds which was proved in this analysis as high ROA, ROE and cost-to-income ratio. This study shows that management efficiency regarding operating expenses positively and significantly affects the banks’ profitability.
 
JEL Classifications: G2, G22, H12, G14
The present article seeks to examine the determinants of the bank profitability in a developing country like Bangladesh and to compare the performance of Islamic and conventional banks during the period 2008 - 2014. Specifically working within the Bangladeshi financial sector, the analysis is confined to the domestic commercial banks operating in the Bangladeshi financial sector during the period 2008-2014. In order to achieve the study objectives and to answer some questions, the ratio analysis and CAMEL has been used. The study found that the higher capital ratio, Tier-1, and growth in total deposits for Islamic banks than conventional banks. On the other hand, Islamic banks are not able to good perform with ROA, ROE and cost-to-income ratio while conventional banks showed satisfactory performance in utilizing funds which was proved in this analysis as high ROA, ROE and cost-to-income ratio. This study shows that management efficiency regarding operating expenses positively and significantly affects the banks’ profitability. 
JEL Classifications: G2, G22, H12, G14
Sustainability of a Social Business: A Case Study on Grameen Danone Foods Limited
Authors: Yasmin Nur Nahar
Published: July 2018

Achieving sustainability in the context of economic, social and environmental aspects has been one of the main focuses of modern times. The aim is to create the world that will facilitate the upcoming generations to lead a safe and sound life. Social business is a relatively new concept that assists in the creation of such a sustainable world by promoting and following the notion of “no-loss, no-dividend” business instead of conventional profit-maximizing business. The purpose of this paper is to show whether a social business can become a sustainable business and achieve the sustainable development goals set by United Nations. To scrutinize this theory of social business for sustainable development the author has selected Grameen-Danone Foods Limited (GDFL) as a case study. The endeavor of this paper is to elaborate the relationship between social business and sustainable development, describe GDFL as a social business and analyze the success (or failure) of GDFL as a sustainable social business. Finally, it tries to showcase a comparison of few of the sustainable development goals and the outcomes of the analysis of the business and social goals of GDFL. 
JEL Classifications: M 10
Relationship between Liquidity Risk and Net Interest Margin of Conventional Banks in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury A. N. M. Minhajul Haque , Siddiqua Ayesha , Chowdhury Abu Sayed Md. Mahmudul Haque
Published: July 2018

Net interest margin (NIM) of a bank depends on several firm-specific factors. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of liquidity risk on the profitability indicating variable NIM of the conventional banks in Bangladesh. Seven banks were analyzed using the annual reports of the banks for the period of 2011 to 2015. Researchers applied descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis to find out the results. The findings of the study provided evidence that cash to asset (CA) ratio had a negative relationship with NIM but a loan to asset (LA) ratio had a positive effect on the NIM. There was also a significant positive relationship between NIM and loan to deposit (LD) ratio. From the regression analysis it was clear that the LD, CA, and LA were able to explain the changes of NIM of the banks. 
JEL Classifications: G 21
Longitudinal component of the Poynting vector of a tightly focused optical vortex with circular polarization
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute оf RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Stafeev S. ,   Samara National Research University, Nalimov A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute оf RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: July 2018

We numerically investigated the focusing of optical vortices with the wavelength λ = 532 nm and right-hand circular polarization by using a diffractive lens with the numerical aperture NA = 0.95. The simulation was carried out using the Richards-Wolf formulae and the FDTD-method. The focusing of optical vortices with topological charges equal to ±1 and ±2 was investigated. It was shown that the focusing of optical vortices with circular polarization by a wide-aperture diffractive lens can produce an intensity distribution with the negative value of the longitudinal component of the Poynting vector.