bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skins e Carecas
Authors: Jesus Sérgio Nunes de , Negreiros Davys Sleman de , Xavier Rayssa Rossatt de Souza
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho tem como ancoragem a análise do rock tradicional, que passou por uma forte ruptura, originando o punk rock, conceituado como uma manifestação cultural e social, concatenado com o rock psicodélico, que emergiu no início da década de 1970 e trouxe à sociedade juvenil urbana elementos como simplicidade e agressividade, disseminadas por meio da música e atitudes desprezadas pela ideologia da época - atitudes estas que, no Reino Unido, culminaram em uma revolução musical e cultural caótica sob a tensão da Guerra do Vietnã. Consequentemente, bandas oriundas de movimentos que ocorreram na época acima citada influenciaram diversas partes do mundo. Sabe-se que, devido a esse fator histórico, ao chegar ao Brasil, se destoaram e originaram três novas vertentes: os Carecas do ABC, Carecas do Subúrbio e Carecas do Brasil; inicialmente, representavam a cultura proletária e suburbana.
Apontamentos para o estudo da Cavalaria Medieval na perspectiva da história Global
Authors: Costa Ives Leocelso Silva
Published: July 2024

Nas últimas três décadas, diversos historiadores em regiões das mais distintas do mundo têm colaborado coletivamente para a construção de uma perspectiva global da História. Tal perspectiva seria pautada pelas conexões históricas existentes entre regiões muitas vezes examinadas de forma estanque e pelo esforço de ruptura com algumas narrativas historiográficas que elencam a Europa Ocidental como espaço privilegiado de análise. Ainda que os estudos de História Global, influenciados pelo processo de globalização pós-fim da União Soviética, tenham focado no período após a Expansão Marítima Europeia, diversos pesquisadores vêm buscando trazer o enfoque global para a época pré-moderna, levando ao desenvolvimento de uma História Medieval Global. Diante disso, este artigo almeja examinar algumas possibilidades e limitações para o estudo da Cavalaria Medieval sob a égide da História Global.
(Sobre)vivência na história e literatura
Authors: Paula Elenice de
Published: July 2024

Este texto tem como objetivo levantar análises sobre o pensamento social da escritora Conceição Evaristo a partir das discussões sobre as relações de trabalho. Para isso, junto da observação das obras Olhos D ́Água (2014), composto por 15 contos, e nos romances Ponciá Vicêncio (2003) e Becos da Memória (2006), em uma perspectiva interseccional, busco investigar como, por meio das histórias narradas, as personagens exibem cenários sociais dos quais nos auxiliam para a leitura e compreensão do mundo. De tal maneira, acredito que a discussão promovida neste texto tanto serve como basilares para destacar as contribuições da autora como pensadora social brasileira, como nos conduz para identificar possibilidade do aprimoramento da literatura no cotidiano escolar, sendo o ensino de história uma das formas possíveis para isso.
The Imperative for Modern Public Cloud Providers to Upgrade Their Data Centers
Authors: Taha Sajid
Published: July 2024

This study explores the imperative to modernize cloud computing in response to evolving technological landscapes and business demands. The research examines key areas requiring urgent attention to maintain competitive edge and operational efficiency in the digital era. We investigate the critical need for data center upgrades to accommodate emerging technologies and increased workloads. The study also delves into enhanced security measures and data privacy compliance protocols necessary to protect sensitive information in an increasingly complex threat environment. Furthermore, we analyze strategies to meet the growing demand for performance and scalability, ensuring that cloud infrastructure can adapt to fluctuating business needs. The research emphasizes the importance of maintaining system reliability to minimize downtime and maximize productivity. Additionally, we explore the potential of hybrid cloud integration to enable innovation and reduce costs. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities in modernizing cloud computing, offering insights for organizations seeking to optimize their cloud strategies. Key findings highlight the significance of proactive infrastructure management, the adoption of advanced security frameworks, and the implementation of flexible, scalable architectures. This research contributes to the body of knowledge on cloud computing modernization, serving as a valuable resource for IT professionals, business leaders, and researchers in the field.
W stulecie I Zjazdu Fizyków Polskich 1923-2023
Authors:   Wydział Fizyki, Politechnika Warszawska, Garbarczyk Jerzy E.
Published: July 2024

In reference to 48. Congress of Polish Physicists in Gdansk 2023, this article resembles the 1st Congress of Polish Physicists which took place inWarsaw 100 years ago. The program of the 1923 Congress and short profiles of scientists who gave lectures on it were given.The political and economic landscape of Poland in twenties of of the last century was sketched and the contemporary situation in world physics and physics in Poland was described.
Perceptions on Influence of Membership in Young Farmers Clubs on Career Interest and Participation in Agricultural Activities Among Secondary School Students in Nakuru North Sub-County, Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: Njenga Nancy N. , Oywaya-Nkurumwa Agnes , Munyua Catherine N.
Published: July 2024

Young Farmers’ Club (YFC) activities globally have played a vital role in the mastery and attainment of knowledge in agriculture subject since it is best learned by use of practical activities. Increased youth participation in agricultural production is necessary and vital in facilitating food and nutritional security. In Kenya, Young Farmers Club of Kenya (YFCK) was established to help boys and girls to develop ideas for better farming, provide social and recreational activities, help give the necessary dignity to agriculture as an occupation and develop good and competent agricultural leadership. The objectives of YFCK included promoting interest in farming, sound training in advanced methods of crop and animal husbandly, leadership skills, self-reliance, self-confidence and responsibility. The purpose of this study was to determine the perception on influence of membership in young farmers clubs on career interest and participation in agricultural activities among day secondary schools students in Nakuru North sub-county. A descriptive survey design was adopted with a target population of 2,660  agriculture students and 32 agriculture teachers. Proportionate random sampling was used to select a sample of 120 respondents from the 19 day public schools. Data was collected from the sampled heads of agriculture subject using a questionnaire. Content validity of the instrument was ascertained by two panels of experts from Department of Agricultural Education and Extension and the supervisors. Reliability of the instruments was ensured through a pilot-test using 40 agriculture students and four agriculture teachers from Nakuru East Sub-county. The reliability of the instrument was tested using Cronbach Alpha coefficient. A reliability coefficient was 0.76 and 0.73 for YFCK members and Agriculture teachers respectively, at a significance level of α= 0.05. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive with the aid of SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Data was analysed  using various tables and graphs. The researcher recommends that Agriculture teachers in collaboration with school administration should enhance YFCK activities. This is for proper and effective practical activities in teaching of Agriculture subject according to the syllabus. The findings of the study will be of importance to secondary school teachers, students and other scholars of higher institutions of learning by emphasizing in formation of young farmers clubs in day secondary schools in Nakuru North Sub- County, Nakuru County Kenya.
PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH KULIT SEMANGKA MENJADI MANISAN DAN SELAI DI KELURAHAN SUNGAI AMBANG KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Maharani Evy , Edwina Susy , Rahmayuni  , Eliza  , Tety Ermi , Pebrian Sispa , Kusumawaty Yeni
Published: July 2024

Semangka sebagai salah satu produk hortikultura yang berkembang di Kota Pekanbaru. Kecamatan Rumbai Timur merupakan salah satu sentra produksi semangka yang ada di Kota Pekanbaru tepatnya di Kelurahan Sei Ambang. Sebagai sentra produksi semangka yang pada waktu panen sering mengalami banjir panen dan banyaknya buah semangka berukuran kecil, diperlukan informasi bagaimana pengolahan semangka sehingga petani tidak mengalami kerugian yang besar dengan memanfaatkan semangka yang tidak terjual. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan selama 3 (tiga) bulan mulai dari bulan Mei 2023 sampai dengan bulan Juli 2023 yang  mulai dari  persiapan, pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pelaporan. Kesimpulan: (1) Teknologi pengolahan kulit semangka menjadi selai dan manisan merupakan proses pembuatan yang relatif mudah sehingga memotivasi kelompok tani semangka untuk mencoba mengembangkannya; (2) Pengolahan semangka ampera yang berukuran kecil dan biasanya tidak laku dijual dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah dan penghasilan petani semangka sekaligus mengurangi limbah dan (3) Kendala dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan adalah kesibukan anggota kelompok tani tetapi melalui kerjasama dengan Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan hal ini dapat diatasi. Tingkat ketercapaian sasaran pelatihan dapat dilihat dari kemampuan peserta mempraktekkan pengolahan kulit semangka menjadi produk selai dan manisan yang dapat dikonsumsi dengan citarasa yang disukai masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: semangka, albedo, manisan, selai, teknologi tepat guna
Enhancing Yield and Yield Components of BARI Sarisha-14 and BARI Sarishaa-15 through Boron Fertilization
Authors: Salam Md. Abdus , Mahmuda Onna Kazi Ashika , Perveen Suriaya , Islam Md. Shafiqul
Published: July 2024

Boron is an essential micronutrient for mustard that plays important roles in growth, development as well as yield of mustard. A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh during November through January to study the effect of boron fertilizer on the yield of mustard two varieties in T. aman rice- Mustard- Boro rice cropping pattern. The experiment consisted of two factors- Factor A: Two mustard cultivars viz., BARI Sarisha-14 and BARI Sarisha-15 and Factor B: Four levels of boron viz., 0 kg boron ha-1 (control), 0.5 kg boron ha-1 (50% of RD), 1.0 kg boron ha-1 (100% of RD) and 1.5 kg boron ha-1 (150% of RD). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results reveal that yield and yield contributing characters were not significantly influenced by studied two mustard varieties except plant height. Numerically the higher seed yield was recorded from the variety BARI Sarisha-14. In case of level of boron application, the highest seed yield was obtained with the application of 1.0 kg boron ha-1 (100% of RD) which was followed by application of 1.5 kg boron ha-1 (150% of RD) and the lowest seed yield of mustard was recorded in control treatment (no boron application). From the interaction, it is observed that BARI Sarisha-14 with 1.0 kg boron ha-1 (100% of RD) produced the highest seed yield which was statistically similar with BARI Sarisha-15 with 1.0 kg boron ha-1 (100% of RD). From the results of the study, it may be concluded that BARI Sarisha-14 or BARI Sarisha-15 with 1.0 kg boron ha-1 (100% of RD) could be cultivated for obtaining highest seed yield of mustard in T. aman rice-Mustard-Boro rice-based cropping pattern.
Navigating the Landscape of Qualitative Research Methods in Pakistan: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Muhammad Yaar , Safdar Samina , Saif Sajida
Published: July 2024

This discussion paper describes the increasing popularity of qualitative research methods and their application in Pakistan. It defines qualitative research methods and discusses why they are becoming an integral part of the Pakistani research domain. This paper discusses the possibilities and limitations of qualitative methods. This paper begins with a look at the central role of paradigms, pragmatics, and politics in determining why qualitative methods are chosen. The paper also gives a detailed account of using qualitative research methods at all stages of the studies in Pakistan. It introduces the design phase in which researchers make decisions related to sampling, methods of data collection, and ethical considerations. The paper then discusses the implementation of fieldwork, highlighting strategies for building rapport, interviewing, and observing participants that underpin data generation processes as guiding work dynamics in a complex Pakistani research environment. It also focuses on the analysis stage by discussing coding methods, data interpretation, and synthesis of quality descriptions, as well as situating findings within a larger social, cultural, and political setting in Pakistan. Lastly, the paper highlights some common issues in conducting qualitative research studies, particularly in Pakistani settings. It looks at quality concerns to assure the trustworthiness and credibility of qualitative research, discusses pedagogy that fosters skills needed to engage in rigorous analytical practices, and addresses ways research reports can be written. Hence, they appeal not only to Pakistan-based academics but will resonate cross-culturally wherever they are read.
Vapor-Plume Deposits, K–Pg Boundary Outcrop in the Village of Armenia, Belize
Authors: King, Jr. David T. , Petruny Lucille W.
Published: July 2024

Accretionary impact spherules, some as large as 3.1 cm in diameter, occur within a fine-grained carbonate layer (an impactoclastic calcisiltite), which lies atop the terminal Cretaceous (latest Maastrichtian) paleosol in an outcrop located at the village of Armenia in central Belize. This fine-grained layer is interpreted as the vapor plume deposit from the Chicxulub impact structure and is composed of pulverized and comminuted carbonate mixed with clay. The accretionary impact spherules were formed by the aggradation of the vapor plume’s fine solid particles during turbulent flight over a distance of about 520 km from Chicxulub’s southern rim. These impact spherules, which are remarkably well-preserved, exhibit a nucleus of either rock or glass and one to three concentric coatings of finely-comminuted carbonate target rock. Coatings on individual spherules are non-graded and display fine-scale components such as silt inclusions, crystal-filled radial fractures, and microconglomerate layers.
Mixed Infections of Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus and Citrus Tristeza Virus Affecting Calamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa Bunge) in Oriental Mindoro, Philippines
Authors: Mañugo Alliah Czarielle ,   Institute of Weed Science, Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines, Bolo Julie Ann Mae , Camacho Julianne , de Guzman Jamil , Aguilar Edna , Sta Cruz Filomena ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines
Published: July 2024

Huanglongbing (HLB) and tristeza are the most destructive diseases affecting citrus crops worldwide, including calamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa Bunge Wijnands) in the Philippines. Oriental Mindoro is the largest calamansi-producing province contributing to about 33% of the country’s production. This study was conducted to determine the current status of the occurrence of HLB and tristeza diseases affecting calamansi in the province through visual observation of symptoms in field surveys and detection of the causal pathogen. Both HLB and tristeza were found in all the nine villages surveyed located in the municipalities of Naujan, Pola, Roxas, and Victoria. Plants were showing the HLB symptom of blotchy mottle accompanied by interveinal chlorosis similar to zinc deficiency, defoliation, and twig die-back. Leaves were small, narrow, thick, and corky with enlarged veins and erect in appearance. Among the total of 155 plants tested from the surveyed farms, 150 were positive for HLB disease. Polymerase chain reaction using the LAS606F and LSSR primer pair that amplifies a 500 bp fragment of the Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus 16S rDNA has detected the HLB causal pathogen in symptomatic samples with blotchy mottle. Likewise, 154 out of 155 plants were also positive for tristeza by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. HLB and tristeza occurred mostly in mixed infections in seven farms while 83% and 90% in the other sites. HLB symptoms appeared to be dominantly expressed.
Memaknai Berkat Tuhan Sebagai Dampak Dari Ketaatan Kepada Perintah Tuhan Dan Penerapannya Dalam Kehidupan Orang Percaya Masa Kini
Authors: Rusmiyanto Andreas Danang
Published: July 2024

Berkat dijanjikan Tuhan akan diberikan kepada umatnya yang taat memegang perintah setiap perintah-perintahNya. Hidup dalam berkat Tuhan, merupakan hidup yang menjadi idaman dan harapan bagi setiap orang percaya. Perjalanan kehidupan yang dipenuhi dengan berkat secara jasmani maupun rohani menjadi sesuatu yang selalu didambakan dan membuat hidup semakin bersemangat. Terlebih lagi, jika hidup orang percaya ada dalam berkat Tuhan senantiasa. Tetap teguh dan setia memegang setiap ketetapan dan perintah Tuhan, maka akan berdampak bagi kehidupan orang percaya tersebut. Disaat kita mendapat suatu perlindungan dan penghasilan dari apa yang kita kerjakan dari sesama kita saja dapat memberikan rasa aman, kecukupan dan sukacita. terlebih lagi jika Tuhan sendiri yang memberikan hal itu kepada orang percaya, maka akan lebih dari apa yang sesama kita atau manusia berikan. Paper ini menyampaikan informasi tentang dampak dari sebuah ketaatan kepada Tuhan dalam kehidupan yang takut akan Tuhan, menuruti setiap perintah Tuhan dan menjaga hidup supaya berkenan di hadapan Tuhan. Memberikan suatu pemahaman dari arti sebuah ketaatan dan perilaku yang benar di hadapan Tuhan dan tidak menyimpang dari jalan Tuhan yang dikendaki-Nya. Dengan menggunakan metode deskripsi literatur diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi yang lengkap dan akurat
Fragments of the Future: Pessoa’s Orpheu and the Athenaeum
Authors: Sepúlveda Pedro
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: Fernando Pessoa understood literary work as a project always to be realized, as a fragment of a pursued but never achieved totality. His publications in the journal Orpheu, together with his numerous earlier editorial projects, reveal a particular understanding of the fragment that can be applied to his work as a whole. It links to the concept of the fragment as developed by Friedrich Schlegel and Novalis, particularly in the versions published in the Athenaeum, the founding journal of German romanticism, which Pessoa knew through a French edition of Novalis’s fragments. This essay analyzes commonalities and differences in the concept of the fragment in these works, distinguishing Pessoa’s by showing how the fragment in his writing is not an aesthetic program but the result of a failure.
KEYWORDS: Fernando Pessoa, Orpheu, German Romanticism, Fragment, Friedrich Schlegel, Novalis, Athenaeum
RESUMO: Fernando Pessoa entendeu a obra literária como projeto sempre por realizar, enquanto fragmento de uma totalidade almejada mas nunca alcançada. As publicações de Fernando Pessoa na revista Orpheu, assim como os inúmeros projetos editoriais que as precedem, revelam um entendimento particular do fragmento, que pode ser aplicado à obra pessoana enquanto todo. Este entendimento relaciona-se com o conceito de fragmento desenvolvido por Friedrich Schlegel e Novalis, particularmente nas versões publicadas no Athenaeum, a revista fundadora do Romantismo Alemão, que Pessoa conhecia através  de  uma  edição  francesa  dos  fragmentos  de  Novalis.  Este  ensaio  procura  analisar traços comuns e diferenças do conceito de fragmento nestas obras, distinguindo a conceção pessoana através da demonstração de que o fragmento em Pessoa não é um programa estético mas o resultado de uma falha.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fernando Pessoa, Orpheu, Romantismo Alemão, Fragmento, Friedrich Schlegel, Novalis, Athenaeum
Education Management in Multicultural Schools: Building Tolerance and Inclusion
Authors: Fadhilah Nurul
Published: July 2024

This research examines educational management strategies in multicultural schools with a focus on building tolerance and inclusion in the educational environment. Multicultural schools face unique challenges in integrating students from different cultural, ethnic and religious backgrounds. This research aims to identify effective managerial approaches in creating an inclusive and tolerant learning environment. Through qualitative methods, data were collected from in-depth interviews with principals, teachers and students in several multicultural schools. The results showed that successful education management in multicultural schools relies heavily on inclusive policies, continuous teacher training and active participation from the school community. The implementation of a curriculum that values cultural diversity and extracurricular programs that promote intercultural interaction were also found to contribute significantly to building tolerance among students. This study suggests that national education policies should further support multicultural schools by providing the necessary resources and guidance to manage diversity. Thus, effective education management in multicultural schools can play an important role in creating a more tolerant and inclusive generation.
Transformational leadership: an examination of South Kalimantan School Principals' Leadership Style
Authors: Perdana Iwan , Binti Ishak Rosnah , Binti Mansor Mahaliza
Published: July 2024

The headmaster plays a crucial part in ensuring the school's advancement and caliber. transformational school leaders are crucial in advancing educational innovation and Restructuring. The survey was designed to get information on their opinions regarding the practice of transformational school leadership. 335 teachers at private schools who participated in this study were chosen freely due to the wide distribution of the population in South Kalimantan, as demonstrated by their willingness to complete an online survey via Google Forms. The questionnaire is used to measure transformational leadership and builds on Bass's theory (1985).  It is clear from the results that transformational leadership fell into the high category. Individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational drive, and idealized influence are all high categories, as demonstrated by the four components outlined by Bass (1985).
Herbicide residues as a possible risk factor in semen quality and spermatogenesis
Authors: Ajayi David Daisi , Awoleke Jacob Olumuyiwa , Adewara Emmanuel Olumide , Ajayi Olubunmi Bolanle , Ajayi Samuel Oluwafemi
Published: July 2024

Background
Reports from various countries have consistently demonstrated a correlation between herbicide exposure, arising from agricultural practices, and a decline in semen quality, leading to male infertility. This study was conducted at Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital in Ado-Ekiti, a rural community characterized by a predominantly agrarian population to determine the relationship between semen quality and herbicides residues.
Methods
The study focused on males whose spouses were seeking assistance at infertility clinics. Routine semen analyses were performed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, categorizing samples into normospermic, asthenospermic, oligospermic, and azoospermic groups. Seminal plasma samples from each group (twenty samples per group) were subjected to analysis for the presence and concentration of herbicides using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The following herbicides were investigated: halosulfurum, linuron, fluometuron, chlo-rimuron, imaxamox, cloransulam, dicamba, fluroxypor, trichlopyr, propanil, cloclinafop, clethodim, quizalofop, fluazifop, pinoxaden, bentazon, atrazine, and bromoxynil. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 24.
Results
The analysis revealed significantly higher concentrations of most herbicides in the asthenospermia, oligospermia, and azoospermia groups compared to the normospermic group (P<0.05). These findings suggest a strong association between herbicide exposure and poor semen quality in the studied population.Conclusion
This study provides compelling evidence supporting the hypothesis that herbicides exposure could be a contributory factor to diminished semen quality in the investigated rural com-munity. The results underscore the importance of considering seminal herbicide determination as a routine component in male infertility testing. Additionally, the study advocates for the implementation of relevant legislation to mitigate potential risks associated with herbicide exposure.
Environmental and Personal Contexts as Predictors of Students’ Drive to Pursue Librarianship
Authors: Alcontin Mariel , Ambal Eloisa , Abatayo Jolo Van Clyde
Published: July 2024

Identifying the factors influencing students' intentions to enroll in specific courses is crucial for developing effective strategies to attract prospective students. Career decision-making often poses challenges for potential college students. This research focuses on assessing Grade 12 students' perceptions of a career in librarianship, examining both environmental and personal factors and their motivation to pursue such a career. The study employs a descriptive-correlational methodology using a standardized questionnaire to collect data from 205 Grade 12 students at Saint Michael College of Caraga. Results indicate that environmental and personal factors significantly influence students' desire to enter the field of librarianship. Regression analysis revealed that the perception of the librarian's role and students' self-efficacy are strong predictors of their inclination toward this profession. This suggests that students' self-assessment of their abilities and how they manage situations with the skills they possess play a crucial role in their career decisions. Educational institutions should create targeted marketing campaigns to highlight the benefits and opportunities in librarianship, aligning with students' goals and the factors influencing their career choices. To boost enrollment, librarians and associations must employ effective promotional strategies. Additionally, recognizing library and information science as a priority by the Commission on Higher Education emphasizes the critical need for expanding the librarian workforce through strategic outreach and education.
Attention Allocation of the Sichuan Provincial Government and Chongqing Municipal Government in the Construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle: An Analysis Based on 238 Policy Documents in China
Authors: Yang Can
Published: July 2024

The construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle holds a pivotal strategic position in China's regional development landscape. Attention is a scarce resource, the optimization of government decision-making hinges critically on effective attention allocation. This study examines 238 policy documents issued by the Sichuan Provincial Government and Chongqing Municipal Government pertaining to the Twin-City Economic Circle. Leveraging grounded theory and content analysis, we utilize Nvivo12 to process and analyze these texts, aiming to delineate the overall distribution and specific characteristics of the governments' attention allocation. Our findings reveal disparities in attention allocation across different timeframes and domains, along with issues such as imbalances in policy tool structures, attention allocation structures, and the precision of attention allocation. Consequently, we recommend that the Sichuan Provincial Government and Chongqing Municipal Government enhance the utilization of demand-oriented policy tools to refine their policy tool frameworks, prioritize non-urgent policy issues to optimize attention allocation, and refine the targets of attention allocation to enhance the precision of policy arrangements.
Perinatal and Maternal Outcome of Antepartum Hemorrhage in Addis Ababa University
Authors: Fantahun Yitbarek , Mesfin Eyasu , Assefa Addisu
Published: July 2024

Background
Any bleeding from the genital tract during pregnancy, after the period of viability until the delivery of the fetus (end of second stage), is defined as antepartum hemorrhage. Antepartum hemorrhage is an obstetric emergency contributing to a significant amount of perinatal & maternal morbidity and mortality.
Objective
To assess the perinatal and maternal outcomes of Antepartum hemorrhage.
Methodology
Facility based prospective cross sectional descriptive study was done from January to June 2018 on women with APH who delivered in Addis Ababa University. Pregnant women who were diagnosed to have antepartum hemorrhage and delivered in the three hospitals in the study period were included. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23 statistical software.
Results
There were a total of 9643 deliveries of which 358 women were diagnosed to have antepartum hemorrhage which accounts for 3.7%. Abruptio placenta was the most frequent diagnosis which was found in 221 women and constitutes 2.3% of all deliveries. Cesarean section was the most common route of delivery, 224 deliveries, which accounts for 62.5 %. The perinatal mortality rate was 15.8% (158 per 1000 birth). Fifty four (15%) of the mothers had developed postpartum hemorrhage. A total of 52(14.5%) women were diagnosed with anemia postpartum and there was one maternal death.
Conclusion
Antepartum hemorrhage is associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality with an increased cesarean section rates, anemia, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm deliveries, low birth weight, NICU admission, intrauterine fetal death and perinatal mortality.
 
Key Words: Antepartum Hemorrhage, Maternal outcome, Perinatal outcome,
EFFECT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON SAFE ABORTION AND CONTRACEPTIVE SERVICES AND MITIGATION MEASURES: A CASE STUDY FROM A TERTIARY FACILITY IN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Tolu Lemi Belay , Hurisa Tesfaye , Abas Ferid , Daba Mekdes , Abebe Biruck , Nigatu Balkachew , Prager Sarah
Published: July 2024

Background: To protect the gains made in sexual and reproductive health in Ethiopia over the past several decades, care for childbearing women and newborn infants needs to continue during the pandemic. The provision of safe abortion and contraceptive services remains critical. When staff and services are under extreme stress there is a real risk of increasing avoidable harm. This case study aims to determine the impact of COVID-19 on contraception and safe abortion care services at a tertiary facility in Ethiopia.
Materials and Methods: We collected data on safe abortion and contraception services from service delivery units from March through May 2020.  For comparison, and due to seasonal variation in caseload throughout the year, we pulled data from March through May 2019.   
Results: Deliveries and immediate postpartum family planning have decreased by 27.6% and 66.7% respectively during the pandemic compared to the same months last year. Overall, the number of clients presenting for family planning was reduced by 27%. Safe abortion services and comprehensive abortion care were reduced by 16.4% and 20.31% respectively. Likewise, family planning service utilization among safe abortion and post-abortion clients were reduced by 40.6%, and 39.7% respectively.
Conclusion and recommendations: The COVID-19 pandemic is significantly impairing safe abortion and contraception services. Both contraception and abortion services have decreased significantly following the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings underscore that the Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) and their partners (donors and non-government organizations) must take swift action, including defining abortion care and contraceptive services as essential services to continue during the pandemic. Innovative methods, such as telehealth (voice or video calls), self-care interventions, and utilization of health extension workers, need to be maximized to maintain and increase access to these essential health services.
The Utilization of antenatal care and associated factors in Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kassa Zemenu
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: Antenatal(ANC) is care given for pregnant women with the purpose of prevention, early detecting of the existing disease and treating health and health-related problems for both mother and unborn baby. The purpose of this study was to assess the utilization of ANC and associated factors in the Gedeo zone.
Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from August 1 to September 30, 2018, including a reproductive age group woman in Gedeo zone Southern Ethiopia.  A stratified, two-stage cluster sampling technique was used. Finally, the study population was selected from the respective source population using a simple random sampling technique (computer-generated random numbers was used). Data were checked, coded and entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The wealth index was computed using the principal component analysis. Descriptive statistics was employed to display the study findings. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were computed to identify the determinants of utilization ANC.
Results: Utilization of at least one ANC contact was 72.6% (95% CI: 69.3, 75.8).Wealth index highest quartile (rich) and grand multigravida are higher odds to utilize ANC contact. Whereas the husband's education status secondary and above are lower odds of utilization ANC contact.
Conclusion:  ANC utilization in the Gedeo zone is low with other findings. The highest Wealth index quartile (rich) and grand multigravida are higher odds of utilization ANC contact. Whereas  the husband's educational status starting from secondary level and above have lower odds of utilization ANC contact.  Therefore, the government and stakeholders could be empowered the women and families to increase the utilization of ANC contact.
Stillbirth and associated factors among women delivered in public hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: LOLASO TSEGAYE , Weldekidan Fekede , Abera Tesfaye , Mekonnen Tilahun , Chewaka Lalisa
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Stillbirth have decreased substantially worldwide in the past 40 years. Yet there is still a large gap between the developing and developed countries. Data on prevalence and main risk factors for stillbirth were limited in developing countries including Ethiopia. Identifying the prevalence and risk factors of stillbirth is important for planning maternal and child health care services.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the magnitude and associated factors of stillbirth among women delivered at public hospitals in Southwest Ethiopia February 01 to March 30, 2018.
 
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1980 delivering women’s from randomly selected hospitals from February 01 to March 30, 2018. All women who gave birth at public hospitals of Bench-Maji, Kaffa and Sheka Zones during study period were included. Data was collected by pretested questionnaire by face to face interview and entered to Epidata version 3.0 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify independently associate factors at CI of 95% and significance level of P-value<0.05.
RESULT: The magnitude stillbirth, in this study was 99 per 1000 livebirths, 95% CI: 85-114 per 1000 livebirths.  Rural residence [AOR = 2.76 (CI 1.57-4.85)], maternal undernutrition [AOR = 2.99 (CI 1.90-4.72)], had no iron/folate intake during pregnancy [AOR = 8.26 (CI 4.82-14.16)], having delivery complication [AOR = 3.77 (CI 2.31-6.16)], induced labor [AOR = 2.25 (CI 1.26-4.00)] and underweight [AOR = 7.60 (CI 3.73-15.48)] were factors significantly associated with stillbirth.
CONCLUSION: In the study area magnitude of Stillbirth still found as public health concern. Residence, nutritional status, iron folate intake during pregnancy, delivery complication, induced labor and low birth weight were factors significantly associated with stillbirth. This could call for improvement of nutritional status of the mothers; supplementation of iron folate during pregnancy; prevention, early diagnosis and management of obstetric complications.
KEY WORD: Stillbirth, factors, southwest Ethiopia.
Assessment of Predictors and Effect of Disclosure of HIV Seropositive Status to Sexual Partner among HIV Positive Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Four Teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa
Authors: Weldetensaye Eskinder Kebede , Fantahun Yitbarek , Tamru Amanuel
Published: July 2024

Background: It is very crucial that women have the ability to disclose safely the status of being HIV-positive to male partners for the uptake as well the continued use of methods of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services. The majority of the women are afraid to disclose their serostatus to their partners due to denial, blame, physical violence, and lack of financial support. Because of these reasons they discontinue the ANC follow-up and ARV medication for them as well as the baby. In Ethiopia, there are not many studies done to exploring HIV positive status disclosure to partners, the predictors, and the effects of disclosure of HIV positive status among HIV positive women during pregnancy.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 328 HIV-positive pregnant women who were attending ANC in four teaching   Hospitals in Addis Ababa. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and SPSS- 21 version was used to analyze the data.
Result: Among the study participants 80% of the women had disclosed their HIV status to their partner. Presence of partner discussion before HIV test, the duration of the relationship between the couples, and knowing partner’s HIV status were found to be strongly associated with their disclosure and those with status disclosure to the partners are 12 times more likely to utilize the PMTCT services than those with no disclosure (COR 12.01(3.64-39.81).
Conclusions: The HIV-positive status disclosure among pregnant women is found to be high in our study. It is showed that those women with no disclosure were found to have less in PMTCT programs.  It is very important to note that proper uptake of and continued utilization of all PMTCT programs is hugely affected by women's disclosure of their HIV-positive status to their partners.
Early Sexual Debut and Associated Factors among High School Students in Kindo Koysha Distric, Wolayta Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: DAKA Kassa
Published: July 2024

Background: Early Sexual debut during adolescent period has several potential impacts on sexual and reproductive health of adolescents. Sexual interest peaks around puberty and continues through adolescence. The adolescent sexual interest is motivated by a number of factors, including physiologic changes, nutritional and social factors, peer influences, and rehearsal for identity and adult gender roles
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Kindo Koyisha district, Wolaita Zone, Sothern Ethiopia. About 508 students were selected to be enrolled in this study.
The Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done. Multi-colinearity tests were conducted using variance inflation factor (VIF<10) and tolerance (>0.1) as cutoff. Hosmer and Lemeshew goodness of fit test was used to check for model fitness. Normality tests were done for continuous data. Variables with p<0.05 in multivariable regression were considered as statistically significant. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and associated factors of early sexual debut among high school and preparatory students in Kindo Koyisha district Wolaita zone southern Ethiopia.
Result: This study revealed that 152 (30.3%), (95% CI= 26.30%-34.38%) of respondents were involved in early sexual debut. Factors associated with early sexual debut were grade  AOR 2.6[1.32-5.13], marital status AOR 0.10[0.049-0.29], watching porn media AOR 1.72[1.01-2.94], having boy/girlfriend AOR 2.16[1.38-3.40], not discussing sexual and reproductive health issues with parents AOR 2.91[1.74-4.89].
Editorial: Contributing to the Growth of Scientific Journals in Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Prof. Delayehu
Published: July 2024

Since the Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health (EJRH) was launched in 2007, it has undergone a series of changes. For the first 10 years after its inception, our journal used to be published only once a year, which was even at times difficult to sustain.With the goal of improving both the quality and quantity of the research we publish every year, in 2017, in collaboration with the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) and a financial support from the Center for Reproductive Health Training (CIRHT) we conducted a landscape study to find out the major challenges of the Journal.Following the findings and recommendations of this study, we have been able to make major changes to the scientific publication. Among these changes are the numbers of volumes we publish per year- which grew to four times, the launching of its own automated manuscript processing and publishing website- https://ejrh.org/, the training of staff and editorial board members, the adoption of a comprehensive editorial policy, inclusion in Scopus and African Journals Online and recognition by the Ministry of Education.As you go through our July, 2023, volume, one of the articles you find is entitled - Evaluation of the Quality of Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health. This manuscript is compiled based on the landscape study conducted back in 2017.As our readers go through the conclusions and recommendations of this study, it might appear inconsistent with the current status of our publication. We decided to publish this article, even though it contrasts to the current reality of EJRH, because it would help other upcoming new scientific journals in their struggle to become a better platform for the scientific community they serve. We hope this study will inspire the same change in other scientific journals as it did to our Journal. I invite you to enjoy reading this and other articles with important findings to our practice.
 
Professor Delayehu Bekele
Editor-in-Chief
USE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN MATHEMATICAL EDUCATION IN PRIVATE SCHOOL
Authors: Abdyvasieva Z.
Published: July 2024

The article is written based on current problem. In fact, there are no textbooks or manuals for the formation of elementary mathematical concepts in preschool education. We know the situation of teachers and students specializing in preschool education. In the article "Explanation and justification", "Using children's literature for the formation and consolidation of mathematical ideas" it shows the method of using strategic formation and consolidation of elementary mathematical ideas. For the strategy "Using children's literature for the formation and consolidation of mathematical concepts" I used the work of A. Osmonova "Aldar köse" (1st grade) is children's literature. The work was analyzed step by step, feedback was formed and addressed. The above-mentioned methods are the most important and necessary methods of preschool mathematical education. The article consists of introduction, main part and conclusion.
SUBJECT INTEGRATION AND DIGITAL TEACHER
Authors: Biymursaeva B. M.
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the current problem of integration of subjects and the use of digital technologies in education. Particular attention is paid to the role of the digital teacher in a modern school and the opportunities that open up through the integration of various subjects through the use of digital tools. The author describes the advantages and challenges of modern education associated with the integration of subjects and the use of digital technologies, and offers practical recommendations for teachers and educational institutions. Included the following key points: 1. Introduction to the issue: Discussion of the relevance of integrating subject content and digital technologies in modern education. 2. Goals and objectives: Definition of the main goals of integration and tasks that must be solved for the effective combination of subjects and digital tools. 3. Methods and approaches: Analysis of various methods and approaches to integration, including interdisciplinary connections and the use of digital platforms for learning. 4. The role of the digital teacher: Consideration of the new role of the teacher in the context of digitalization of education and the necessary competencies for working in an integrated educational environment. 5. Examples and practices: Description of successful examples of integration of subjects using digital technologies in practice. 6. Problems and prospects: Identification of possible difficulties and problems faced by teachers and students, as well as prospects for the development of integration in the future. 7. Conclusion: Summing up the research, conclusions about the significance and effectiveness of the integration of subjects and digital technologies in the educational process. This abstract provides a summary of the main points of the article and can serve as a starting point for a more in-depth study of the topic.
Pathophysiology, life style intervention and complications of Type-2 diabetes: A review
Authors: Basak Mrinmoy , Laskar Moksood Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and insufficient insulin secretion. This study aims to investigate the pathophysiology comprehensively, assess the impact of lifestyle interventions, and delineate the complications associated with T2DM. Methodology: A thorough literature review was conducted to elucidate the multifaceted pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to T2DM. Lifestyle interventions, including dietary modifications and physical activity, were evaluated based on clinical trials, observational studies, evidence-based guidelines, and relevant epidemiological and clinical studies. Result and discussion: The pathophysiology of T2DM involves intricate interactions between genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. Insulin resistance, inflammation, dyslipidaemia, and oxidative stress collectively contribute to the progression of the disease. Lifestyle interventions, dietary modifications, emphasizing a balanced and nutrient-dense diet, along with tailored exercise regimens, demonstrated efficacy in improving glycaemic control and overall metabolic health. Furthermore, identifying complications in T2DM highlights the importance of early detection, risk mitigation, and comprehensive care strategies. Conclusion: This comprehensive study provides insights into the pathophysiology of T2DM, underscores the efficacy of lifestyle interventions, and delineates the diverse complications associated with the condition. It emphasizes the important role of lifestyle-oriented control of T2DM, with a focus on prevention and early intervention to mitigate complications and enhance a holistic and targeted approaches to improve the lives of individuals affected by this chronic metabolic disorder.