bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative assessment and optimization of parallel contact model for flexible paddy straw: a definitive screening and central composite design approach using discrete element method
Authors: Patel Abhishek , Singh Krishna Pratap , Roul Ajay Kumar , Nalawade Rohit Dilip , Mahore Aman , Kumar Mohit , Avilala Prasad , Ramulu Chelpuri , Kebede Berhanu , Patra Abhik
Published: January 2024

To simulate the bending behaviour of paddy straw at varied moisture contents after crop harvesting, we created a flexible paddy straw specimen model based on the Hertz–Mindlin with parallel contact bonding model using the discrete element model (DEM) approach. The research presented in this study aims to investigate a new approach called Definitive Screening Design (DSD) for parameterizing and screening the most significant parameters of the DEM model. This investigation will specifically focus on the three-point bending test as a means of parameterization, and the shear plate test will be used for validation purposes. In addition, the most influential DEM parameters were optimized using another Design of Experiments approach called Central Composite Design. The findings from the DSD indicated that parameters such as bonded disk scale, normal stiffness, and shear stiffness have the highest impact on the bending force, while the coefficient of static friction (Straw-Steel) has the least effect. The three bonding parameters were respectively calibrated with the loading rate (0.42, 0.5, and 0.58 mm s−1) and a good agreement between actual and simulated shear force at moisture content M1—35 ± 3.4%, M2—24 ± 2.2% and M3—17 ± 2.6%. Modelled stem helps simulate the straw with low error and increases the accuracy of the simulation. The validated model, with an average relative error of 5.43, 7.63, and 8.86 per cent, produced reasonable agreement between measured and simulated shear force value and loading rate.
Bioinformatic analysis reveals an association between Metadherin with breast cancer prognosis and tumor immune infiltration
Authors: Yang Lixian , Yang Liu , Kong Fanting , Zhang Shiyu , Pu Pengpeng , Li Xiaowei , Song Zhenchuan
Published: January 2024

Breast cancer metastasis and invasion are both promoted by the oncoprotein Metadherin (MTDH). However, the the role of Metadherin in breast cancer progression and its role in the immune microenvironment. Are not clear. A bioinformatic analysis was performed to demonstrate the prognostic value of Metadherin in BC. In the present study, we found that Metadherin is overexpressed in BC and is significantly correlated with individual cancer stage, age, subclasses, menopause and nodal metastasis status. Metadherin overexpression was associated with a significant decrease in OS and DSS. Cox multivariate analysis indicated that Metadherin was an independent negative prognostic indicator for OS and DSS. Moreover, Metadherin hypomethylation status was associated with poor prognosis. A negative correlation was also noted between Metadherin overexpression and the number of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, cluster of differentiation 8+ T cells, and natural killer cells. Association patterns varied with different subtypes. Various associations between Metadherin levels and immune cell surface markers were revealed. A total of 40 groups of BC and adjacent normal breast tissue samples were collected. Metadherin mRNA was detected by PCR, and its expression levels in BC tissues were significantly increased compared with those noted in normal tissues. The expression levels of Metadherin were also measured in normal and BC cell lines, respectively, and similar conclusions were obtained. The Metadherin mRNA levels were knocked down in SK-BR3 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines and the cell proliferative and migratory activities were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 and scratch assays, respectively. The results indicated that the cell proliferative and migratory abilities were reduced following knockdown of Metadherin expression. Therefore, Metadherin may be considered as a novel prognostic biomarker in BC.
Factors influencing pain medication and opioid use in patients with musculoskeletal injuries: a retrospective insurance claims database study
Authors: Scholz Stefan Markus , Thalmann Nicolas Fabrice , Müller Dominic , Trippolini Maurizio Alen , Wertli Maria Monika
Published: January 2024

Opioid use is only recommended in selected cases of musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries. We assessed factors associated with increased opioid use in MSK injuries. In a retrospective analysis of over four million workers with MSK injuries using the Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (Suva) database, we analyzed risk factors by multivariate logistic regression. Injury severity was associated with pain medication, opioid, and strong opioid use. Whereas fractures, contusions, and ruptures had higher odds for any pain medication use, increased odds for strong opioids were observed in fractures, superficial injuries, and other injuries. Injuries of the shoulders, elbow, chest, back/spine, thorax, and pelvis/hips showed high odds for opioid use (odds ratio (OR) > 2.0). Injuries of the shoulders had higher odds for strong opioid use (OR 1.136; 95% CI 1.040–1.241). The odds for using strong opioids increased from 2008 OR 0.843 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.798–0.891) to 2018 OR 1.503 (95% CI 1.431–1.578), compared to 2013. Injury severity, type of injury, and injured body parts influenced the use of pain medication and overall opioid use in musculoskeletal injuries. Strong opioids were more often used in fractures but also in superficial and other minor injuries, which indicates that other factors play a role when prescribing strong opioids.
Structural and biochemical rationale for Beta variant protein booster vaccine broad cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Bruch Eduardo M. , Zhu Shaolong , Szymkowicz Lisa , Blake Taylor , Kiss Tara , James D. Andrew , Rak Alexey , Narayan Kartik , Balmer Matthew T. , Chicz Roman M.
Published: January 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, uses a surface expressed trimeric spike glycoprotein for cell entry. This trimer is the primary target for neutralizing antibodies making it a key candidate for vaccine development. During the global pandemic circulating variants of concern (VOC) caused several waves of infection, severe disease, and death. The reduced efficacy of the ancestral trimer-based vaccines against emerging VOC led to the need for booster vaccines. Here we present a detailed characterization of the Sanofi Beta trimer, utilizing cryo-EM for structural elucidation. We investigate the conformational dynamics and stabilizing features using orthogonal SPR, SEC, nanoDSF, and HDX-MS techniques to better understand how this antigen elicits superior broad neutralizing antibodies as a variant booster vaccine. This structural analysis confirms the Beta trimer preference for canonical quaternary structure with two RBD in the up position and the reversible equilibrium between the canonical spike and open trimer conformations. Moreover, this report provides a better understanding of structural differences between spike antigens contributing to differential vaccine efficacy.
Prevalence and predictors of poor self-care behaviors in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Niriayo Yirga Legesse , Yemane Bisrat , Asgedom Solomon Weldegebreal , Teklay Gebrehiwot , Gidey Kidu
Published: January 2024

Despite the indispensable role of self-care behavior in managing heart failure, the practice of self-care behavior remains poor, especially in developing countries. There is a scarcity of research focusing on poor self-care behavior and its determinants within our specific context. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of poor self-care behavior among ambulatory heart failure patients. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Ethiopia, involving patients with heart failure. We utilized the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale (EHFScBS-9) to evaluate adherence to self-care behaviors. Data were gathered through patient interviews and a review of medical records. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of poor self-care behavior in heart failure patients. We included a total of 343 participants in the final analysis of this study. The findings revealed that a majority of the patients (73.8%) demonstrated poor overall self-care behavior. Specifically, the majority of patients did not engage in regular exercise (76.1%), failed to consult doctors in case of rapid weight gain (75.6%), did not monitor weight daily (71.5%), did not restrict fluid intake (69.9%), and did not contact doctors in case of experiencing fatigue (68.6%). Additionally, 32.4% of patients did not reach out to doctors when experiencing shortness of breath, 30% did not restrict salt intake, 29% did not adhere to prescribed medication, and only 7% did not consult doctors if edema occurred. Our findings indicated that rural residence (AOR: 5.76, 95% CI: 2.47–13.43), illiteracy (AOR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.52–6.31), prior hospitalization (AOR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.21–3.61), and taking five or more medications (AOR: 1.83, 1.01–3.33) were significant predictors of poor self-care behavior. In conclusion, a majority of the participants in our study demonstrated poor self-care behavior. Risk factors for this behavior included rural residence, illiteracy, prior hospitalization, and taking five or more medications. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize these high-risk patients and implement interventional programs aimed at improving self-care behaviors and overall treatment outcomes in heart failure patients.
Targeting ocean conservation outcomes through threat reduction
Authors: Turner Joseph A. , Starkey Malcolm , Dulvy Nicholas K. , Hawkins Frank , Mair Louise , Serckx Adeline , Brooks Thomas , Polidoro Beth , Butchart Stuart H. M. , Carpenter Kent , Epps Minna , Jabado Rima W. , Macfarlane Nicholas B. W. , Bennun Leon
Published: January 2024

Nations have committed to reductions in the global rate of species extinctions through the Sustainable Development Goals 14 and 15, for ocean and terrestrial species, respectively. Biodiversity loss is worsening despite rapid growth in the number and extent of protected areas, both at sea and on land. Resolving this requires targeting the locations and actions that will deliver positive conservation outcomes for biodiversity. The Species Threat Abatement and Restoration (STAR) metric, developed by a consortium of experts, quantifies the contributions that abating threats and restoring habitats in specific places offer towards reducing extinction risk based on the IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesTM. STAR is now recommended as an appropriate metric by recent disclosure frameworks for companies to report their impacts on nature and STAR has seen widespread uptake within the private sector. However, it is currently only available for the terrestrial realm. We extend the coverage of the threat abatement component of the STAR metric (START), used to identify locations where positive interventions could make a large contribution to reducing global species extinction risk and where developments that increase threats to species should be mitigated, to the marine realm for 1646 marine species. Reducing unsustainable fishing provides the greatest opportunity to lower species extinction risk, comprising 43% of the marine STARTscore. Three-quarters (75%) of the global marine STARTscore falls entirely outside the boundaries of protected areas and only 2.7% falls within no-take protected areas. The STAR metric can be used both to guide protected area expansion and to target other actions, such as establishment and enforcement of fishing limits, to recover biodiversity.
A Phase 2 study of nivolumab in combination with modified FOLFIRINOX for metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Morizane Chigusa , Ueno Makoto , Ikeda Masafumi , Sudo Kentaro , Hirashima Yoshinori , Kuroda Masataka , Ueno Shinji , Okusaka Takuji , Furuse Junji
Published: January 2024

Background

Nivolumab with modified FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) may have additive antitumour effects while minimising chemotherapy cytotoxicity. We assessed the efficacy and safety of nivolumab+mFOLFIRINOX in metastatic pancreatic cancer.

Methods

Thirty-one treatment-naïve patients aged ≥20 years with metastatic unresectable/recurrent pancreatic cancer (≥1 measurable lesion per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours version 1.1) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0/1 score and life expectancy ≥90 days received nivolumab (480 mg, every 4 weeks) plus mFOLFIRINOX. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and safety.

Results

At the median follow-up of 13.4 months, the ORR was 32.3% (complete response 0%; partial response 32.3%) and the median duration of response was 7.4 (range: 3.5–21.9) months; the primary endpoint was not met. Median OS and PFS were 13.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.6–16.6) months and 7.4 (95% CI: 3.9–9.2) months, respectively. The 1-year survival rate was 54.8% (95% CI: 36.0%–70.3%). Drug-related serious adverse events were reported in 29.0% of the patients; 3.2% drug-related adverse events led to discontinuation, and none led to death within 30-day safety window.

Conclusion

Nivolumab+mFOLFIRINOX was tolerable in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. ORR and survival were comparable to previously reported data. (JapicCTI-184230)
Programmed disassembly of a microtubule-based membrane protrusion network coordinates 3D epithelial morphogenesis in Drosophila
Authors: Tran Ngan Vi , Montanari Martti P , Gui Jinghua , Lubenets Dmitri , Fischbach Léa Louise , Antson Hanna , Huang Yunxian , Brutus Erich , Okada Yasushi , Ishimoto Yukitaka , Tõnissoo Tambet , Shimmi Osamu
Published: January 2024

Comprehensive analysis of cellular dynamics during the process of morphogenesis is fundamental to understanding the principles of animal development. Despite recent advancements in light microscopy, how successive cell shape changes lead to complex three-dimensional tissue morphogenesis is still largely unresolved. Using in vivo live imaging of Drosophila wing development, we have studied unique cellular structures comprising a microtubule-based membrane protrusion network. This network, which we name here the Interplanar Amida Network (IPAN), links the two wing epithelium leaflets. Initially, the IPAN sustains cell–cell contacts between the two layers of the wing epithelium through basal protrusions. Subsequent disassembly of the IPAN involves loss of these contacts, with concomitant degeneration of aligned microtubules. These processes are both autonomously and non-autonomously required for mitosis, leading to coordinated tissue proliferation between two wing epithelia. Our findings further reveal that a microtubule organization switch from non-centrosomal to centrosomal microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) at the G2/M transition leads to disassembly of non-centrosomal microtubule-derived IPAN protrusions. These findings exemplify how cell shape change-mediated loss of inter-tissue contacts results in 3D tissue morphogenesis.
An electrochemically cleanable pH electrode based on an electrodeposited iridium oxide–ruthenium oxide–titanium composite
Authors: Hu Guangxing , Diao Yongxing , Cui Shuang , Wang Hongda , Shi Yan , Li Zhuang
Published: January 2024

Biological contamination is an important issue in environmental pH detection, and our prepared electrochemically cleanable electrode may be an effective solution.
Design and application of dual-emission metal–organic framework-based ratiometric fluorescence sensors
Authors: Zhang Shuxin , Xiao Jingyu , Zhong Geng , Xu Tailin , Zhang Xueji
Published: January 2024

This review introduces the recent advances in dual-emission MOF-based ratiometric fluorescence sensors for various targets such as pH, temperature, ions, biomarkers, etc., over the last 5 years.
Correction: Redox behavior and adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric determination of nanomolar levels of palladium using a novel Schiff base reagent containing a squaric acid moiety
Authors: Ba-Shami R. M. , Gazzaz H. , Bashammakh A. S. , Al-Sibaai A. A. , El-Shahawi M. S.
Published: January 2024

Correction for ‘Redox behavior and adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric determination of nanomolar levels of palladium using a novel Schiff base reagent containing a squaric acid moiety’ by R. M. Ba-Shami et al., Anal. Methods, 2014, 6, 6997–7005, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4AY01160K
Iodide-assisted energy-saving hydrogen production using self-supported sulfate ion-modified NiFe(oxy)hydroxide nanosheets
Authors: Paniya Shraddha , Gaonkar Asmita Dileep , Vankayala Kiran
Published: January 2024

Sulfate groups grafted on NiFe(oxy)hydroxide favor the iodide oxidation reaction (IOR) which in turn boosts H2 evolution in hybrid water electrolysis.
A highly diastereoselective (5+1) annulation of allenoates and pyrazolones catalyzed by CH3OK
Authors: Lai Jingxiong , Huang You
Published: January 2024

A CH3OK catalyzed [5+1] annulation was developed using a newly designed allene with 1,5-biselectroephilic properties.
Synthesis of 4-styrylquinolines via direct oxidative C3-alkenylation of anthranils under Pd(ii) catalysis
Authors: Awasthi Annapurna , Tiwari Khushboo , Yadav Pushpendra , Bhowmick Suman , Tiwari Dharmendra Kumar
Published: January 2024

The palladium-catalyzed oxidative C3-alkenylation of anthranils (2,1-benzisoxazoles) with various styrenes has been successfully achieved.
Dual-defect semiconductor photocatalysts for solar-to-chemical conversion: advances and challenges
Authors: Li Tianqi , Li Yufeng , Guo Changfa , Hu Yong
Published: January 2024

The advances in and challenges faced by dual-defect semiconductor photocatalysts in solar-to-chemical conversion are summarized from various aspects, which will inspire the development of defect-rich materials for photocatalytic energy production.
Solid-state synthesis of diminutively granular and highly crystalline manganese hexacyanoferrate for a supercapacitor electrode
Authors: Ju Hui , Lang Hongli , Yi Tengfei , Tian Ke , Yue Jianru , Hu Lin , Zhao Ling , Liu Shuxin , Kong Dejian
Published: January 2024

A solid-state synthesis protocol enables the fabrication of diminutively granular and highly crystalline manganese hexacyanoferrate in a limited reaction region without additives and solvent.
Relativistic effects and pressure-induced phase transition in CsAu
Authors: Manfro Júlia F. B. , Rech Giovani L. , Zorzi Janete E. , Perottoni Cláudio A.
Published: January 2024

Cesium auride (CsAu) is an intriguing compound formed by two metals that, upon reacting, exhibits properties of an ionic salt.
Influence of heat sintering on the physical properties of bulk La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 perovskite manganite: role of oxygen in tuning the magnetocaloric response
Authors: Nadig Pramod R. , M. S. Murari , Daivajna Mamatha D.
Published: January 2024

The study explores the influence of oxygen stoichiometry on the physical properties of bulk La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 manganite.
Determination of pore edge tension from the kinetics of rupture of giant unilamellar vesicles using the Arrhenius equation: effects of sugar concentration, surface charge and cholesterol
Authors: Karal Mohammad Abu Sayem , Billah Md. Masum , Ahamed Md. Kabir
Published: January 2024

Determination of membrane pore edge tension using the Arrhenius equation by varying the sugar concentration, surface charge density, and cholesterol.
Unraveling the molecular freezing behavior of water on a calcium silicate hydrate matrix
Authors: Zhang Siyuan , Chai Songyue , Hou Dongshuai , Wang Muhan , Yin Bing , Rong Hui , Liu Zhihua , Wang Pan
Published: January 2024

CSH composition impacts unfrozen water thickness.
Controlling product selectivity and catalyst lifetime by altering acid strength, cavity size of SAPO, and diffusion rate of methanol in the MTO reaction: DFT and MD calculations
Authors: Soheili Saeedeh , Nakhaei Pour Ali
Published: January 2024

The initiation mechanisms of the MTO process over silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) catalysts with zeolite-like structures using first-principles calculations have been investigated.
Trapping an unprecedented octacoordinated iron(ii) complex with neutral bis-tetrazolylpyridyl ligands and solvent molecules
Authors: Rigamonti Luca , Marchi Lorenzo , Fiorini Valentina , Stagni Stefano , Zacchini Stefano , Pinkowicz Dawid , Dziedzic-Kocurek Katarzyna , Forni Alessandra , Muniz Miranda Francesco , Mazzoni Rita
Published: January 2024

Reaction of the ligand Me2btp with iron(ii) strongly depends on the solvent polarity and allows to isolate a solvated octacoordinated complex stable in the solid state but able to interconvert in solution.
BNNT vs. CNT: influence of structural defects on damping characteristics of nanocomposites
Authors: Lee Taeho , Kim Jun-Sik , Yang Seunghwa
Published: January 2024

The viscoelastic damping of nanocomposites reinforced with BNNTs and CNTs was compared.
Green synthesis of hypercrosslinked polymers for CO2 capture and conversion: recent advances, opportunities, and challenges
Authors: Song Wenliang , Tang Yunxin , Moon Byeong Yeol , Liao Qian , Xu Hailang , Hou Qing , Zhang Heng , Yu Deng-Guang , Liao Yaozu , Kim Il
Published: January 2024

Hypercrosslinked polymers and the resultant carbon materials are promising platforms for CO2 capture and conversion, because of their high specific surface areas, and modifiable and accessible surface functionalities.
Bio-inspired progressive motile sperm separation using joint rheotaxis and boundary-following behavior
Authors: Bouloorchi Tabalvandani Mohammadjavad , Javadizadeh Saeed , Badieirostami Majid
Published: January 2024

A bio-inspired microfluidic device based on the structure of uterotubal junction (UTJ) is proposed which can separate motile sperms with enhanced DNA integrity.
Shaddock peel-loaded CeO2 composites with peroxidase-like activity for dye degradation and trace detection of ascorbic acid
Authors: Lv Wendi , Gao Ziyuan , Wu Huijuan , Liu Lizhi , Wang Huiyong , Zheng Baozhan , Du Juan , Guo Yong
Published: January 2024

A new strategy was proposed to prepare the peroxide mimicase Ce@CSP by growing CeO2 in pomelo peel, which was used to degrade dye and detect ascorbic acid.
Chiral carbon dots: a smart choice for inhibition of human serum albumin fibrillation
Authors: Konar Suraj , Sen Shubhatam , Pathak Amita
Published: January 2024

Human serum albumin (HSA) is a crucial protein in the human body, serving as a carrier for various small molecules and playing a vital role in maintaining osmotic pressure in the bloodstream.
Enhanced photocatalytic removal of U(vi) from water using tea waste biochar/g-C3N4/MoS2 Z-scheme composite: synthesis, performance, and mechanistic insights
Authors: Liu Jinxiang , He Zhiqiang , Duan Yi , Wang Yue , Peng Lin , Wang Jinsong , Cai Pingli
Published: January 2024

A novel Z-scheme composite of tea waste biochar/g-C3N4/MoS2 has been successfully synthesized, showcasing efficient photocatalytic removal of U(vi). The introduction of tea waste biochar enhances the transfer of photogenerated electrons.
Super resolution label-free dark-field microscopy by deep learning
Authors: Lei Ming , Zhao Junxiang , Zhou Junxiao , Lee Hongki , Wu Qianyi , Burns Zachary , Chen Guanghao , Liu Zhaowei
Published: January 2024

In this work, we propose a deep learning based framework which doubles the resolution in traditional dark field imaging after being trained on a dataset simulated with the forward imaging model.
Research progress on the catalytic and thermal decomposition of ammonium dinitramide (ADN)
Authors: Tian Yubo , Xu Weibin , Cong Weimin , Bi Xueqian , He Jiahui , Song Zhe , Guan Hongling , Huang Chuande , Wang Xiaodong
Published: January 2024

This review mainly summarizes the application prospects of ADN as a novel oxidant and overviews the current research status on the thermal and catalytic decomposition of ADN.
The role of non-covalent interactions in 4-hydroxybenzylamine macrocyclisation: computational and synthetic evidence
Authors: Gonzalez-Oñate Andrés , Alí-Torres Jorge , Quevedo Rodolfo
Published: January 2024

Hydrogen bond-assisted macrocyclic synthesis, macrocyclisation vs. linear condensation.
Reticular chemistry guided precise construction of zirconium-pentacarboxylate frameworks with 5-connected Zr6 clusters
Authors: Peng Tianyou , Han Chao-Qin , Xia Hai-Lun , Zhou Kang , Zhang Jian , Si Jincheng , Wang Lei , Miao Jiafeng , Guo Fu-An , Wang Hao , Qu Lu-Lu , Xu Guozhong , Li Jing , Liu Xiao-Yuan
Published: January 2024

A zirconium-pentacarboxylate framework is constructed using a pentacarboxylic acid with 5-connected Zr6 clusters guided by reticular chemistry. One isoreticular MOF can be utilized for HClO detection with excellent sensitivity and selectivity.
Programming interchangeable and reversible heterooligomeric protein self-assembly using a bifunctional ligand
Authors: Son Soyeun , Song Woon Ju
Published: January 2024

This study illustrates that a carefully designed bifunctional linker can steer the construction of various protein heterooligomers without extensive sequence optimizations, expanding the structural and functional diversity of protein architectures.
The fractal geometry of polymeric materials surfaces: surface area and fractal length scales
Authors: Roman H. Eduardo , Cesura Federico , Maryam Rabia , Levchenko Igor , Alexander Katia , Riccardi Claudia
Published: January 2024

Non-treated (NT) and plasma-treated (PT) polymeric surfaces display self-affine fractal scaling. The plasma increases both the surface area and the fractal length scales, helping the design of PT interfaces with larger surface areas at the nm scale.
A bio-inspired silkworm 3D cocoon-like hierarchical self-assembled structure from π-conjugated natural aromatic amino acids
Authors: Mukherjee Smriti , Reddy Samala Murali Mohan , Shanmugam Ganesh
Published: January 2024

A 3D cocoon-like hierarchical self-assembled structures were obtained from π-conjugated amino acids using a simple and one step solvent-casting method.
Inert gas condensation made bimetallic FeCu nanoparticles – plasmonic response and magnetic ordering
Authors: Kollbek Kamila , Jabłoński Piotr , Perzanowski Marcin , Święch Dominika , Sikora Marcin , Słowik Grzegorz , Marzec Mateusz , Gajewska Marta , Paluszkiewicz Czesława , Przybylski Marek
Published: January 2024

Bimetallic FeCu nanoparticles of narrow size distribution produced by inert gas condensation (IGC) technique exhibit functional plasmonic and magnetic properties and can be considered as a promising system for the development of biosensors.
Enhancing the photo-response performance of a SnSe-based photoelectrochemical photodetector via Ga doping
Authors: Liang Zhiping , Hao Run , Luo Hualong , He Zhenming , Su Liumei , Fan Xing
Published: January 2024

A Ga-doping strategy, which transforms SnSe from a semiconductor to a metal, enhances its photo-response performance.
Modulating luminescence properties of CsMnBr3-based lead-free single crystals by pseudohalide doping
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Zisheng , Jie Jiahao , Hou Chunqing , Song Yilong , Fu Yuhao , Zhang Lijun , Dong Qingfeng
Published: January 2024

Pseudohalide doping promoting luminescence properties of lead-free CsMnBr3-based crystals.
Benchmarking nitrous oxide adsorption and activation in metal–organic frameworks bearing coordinatively unsaturated metal centers
Authors: Pitt Tristan A. , Jia Haojun , Azbell Tyler J. , Zick Mary E. , Nandy Aditya , Kulik Heather J. , Milner Phillip J.
Published: January 2024

Several MOFs are evaluated as adsorbents of anthropogenic N2O emissions, the third most abundant greenhouse gas, through complimentary experimental and DFT analysis. N2O activation in M2(dobdc) MOFs is also studied.
A nivalenol imprinted quartz crystal microbalance sensor based on sulphur-incorporating cobalt ferrite and its application to rice samples
Authors: Demir Betül , Yola Bahar Bankoğlu , Bekerecioğlu Sena , Polat İlknur , Yola Mehmet Lütfi
Published: January 2024

Nivalenol as a mycotoxin pesticide is toxic to humans and animals and causes major health problems including hemorrhage, anemia, and vomiting.
Physiological response to fetal intravenous lipid emulsion
Authors: Piccolo Brian D. , Chen Athena , Louey Samantha , Thornburg Kent L.R. , Jonker Sonnet S.
Published: January 2024

In preterm neonates unable to obtain sufficient oral nutrition, intravenous lipid emulsion is life-saving. The contribution of post-conceptional level of maturation to pathology that some neonates experience is difficult to untangle from the global pathophysiology of premature birth. In the present study, we determined fetal physiological responses to intravenous lipid emulsion. Fetal sheep were given intravenous Intralipid 20® (n = 4 females, 7 males) or Lactated Ringer’s Solution (n = 7 females, 4 males) between 125 ± 1 and 133 ± 1 d of gestation (term = 147 d). Manufacturer’s recommendation for premature human infants was followed: 0.5–1 g/kg/d initial rate, increased by 0.5–1 to 3 g/kg/d. Hemodynamic parameters and arterial blood chemistry were measured, and organs were studied postmortem. Red blood cell lipidomics were analyzed by LC-MS. Intravenous Intralipid did not alter hemodynamic or most blood parameters. Compared with controls, Intralipid infusion increased final day plasma protein (P=0.004; 3.5 ± 0.3 vs. 3.9 ± 0.2 g/dL), albumin (P = 0.031; 2.2 ± 0.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.2 g/dL), and bilirubin (P<0.001; conjugated: 0.2 ± 0.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.2 mg/dL; unconjugated: 0.2 ± 0.1 vs. 1.1 ± 0.4 mg/dL). Circulating IGF-1 decreased following Intralipid infusion (P<0.001; 66 ± 24 vs. 46 ± 24 ng/mL). Compared with control Oil Red O liver stains (median score 0), Intralipid-infused fetuses scored 108 (P=0.0009). Lipidomic analysis revealed uptake and processing of infused lipids into red blood cells, increasing abundance of saturated fatty acids. The near-term fetal sheep tolerates intravenous lipid emulsion well, although lipid accumulates in the liver. Increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin may reflect increased red blood cell turnover or impaired placental clearance. Whether Intralipid is less well tolerated earlier in gestation remains to be determined.
On Accuracy of Testing Decryption Failure Rate for Encryption Schemes under the LWE Assumption
Authors: Wang Lin , Wang Yang , Jia Huiwen
Published: January 2024

Lattice‐based encryption schemes are significant cryptographic primitives to defend information security against quantum menace, and the decryption failure rate is related to both theoretical and realistic security. We quantitatively analyze how the floating‐point arithmetic and neglecting small probabilities impact the precision, and propose a new effective and efficient test of the failure probability. Therein explicit criteria are given to select the floating‐point datatype and to decide which small probabilities should be abandoned. Furthermore, the outcome is theoretically ensured to meet a given precision. Moreover, by combining the heuristic estimate and the precise simulation, this test is more efficient than previously neglecting small probabilities in a practical way.
Intelligent reflecting surface‐assisted UAV inspection system based on transfer learning
Authors: Du Yifan , Qi Nan , Wang Kewei , Xiao Ming , Wang Wenjing
Published: January 2024

Intelligent reflective surface (IRS) provides an effective solution for reconfiguring air‐to‐ground wireless channels, and intelligent agents based on reinforcement learning can dynamically adjust the reflection coefficient of IRS to adapt to changing channels. However, most exiting IRS configuration schemes based on reinforcement learning require long training time and are difficult to be industrially deployed. This paper, proposes a model‐free IRS control scheme based on reinforcement learning and adopts transfer learning to accelerate the training process. A knowledge base of the source tasks has been constructed for transfer learning, allowing accumulation of experience from different source tasks. To mitigate potential negative effects of transfer learning, quantitative analysis of task similarity through unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flight path is conducted. After identifying the most similar source task to the target task, parameters of the source task model are used as the initial values for the target task model to accelerate the convergence process of reinforcement learning. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can increase the convergence speed of the traditional DDQN algorithm by up to 60%.
SIANet: 3D object detection with structural information augment network
Authors: Zhou Jing , Lin Tengxing , Gong Zixin , Huang Xinhan
Published: January 2024

3D object detection technology from point clouds has been widely applied in the field of automatic driving in recent years. In practical applications, the shape point clouds of some objects are incomplete due to occlusion or far distance, which means they suffer from insufficient structural information. This greatly affects the detection performance. To address this challenge, the authors design a Structural Information Augment (SIA) Network for 3D object detection, named SIANet. Specifically, the authors design a SIA module to reconstruct the complete shapes of objects within proposals for enhancing their geometric features, which are further fused into the spatial feature of the object for box refinement to predict accurate detection boxes. Besides, the authors construct a novel Unet‐liked Context‐enhanced Transformer backbone network, which stacks Context‐enhanced Transformer modules and an upsampling branch to capture contextual information efficiently and generate high‐quality proposals for the SIA module. Extensive experiments show that the authors’ well‐designed SIANet can effectively improve detection performance, especially surpassing the baseline network by 1.04% mean Average Precision (mAP) gain in the KITTI dataset and 0.75% LEVEL_2 mAP gain in the Waymo dataset.
A low radar cross section antenna array based on a liquid metal metasurface
Authors: Ji Lu‐Yang , Hong Xiaoyue , Yang Rui , Liu Qingyue , Zhang Wenhan
Published: January 2024

A low RCS (radar cross section) slot array antenna based on a liquid metal metasurface is proposed. The metasurface consists of 6 × 6 nested ring‐shaped element. The inner ring with a checkerboard distribution can realise 180° ± 37° phase difference, which can effectively reduce the scattering performances for the slot array. The outer and inner ring together can excite more energy from the slot array, thus resulting in increased radiation gains. Therefore, by changing the layout of liquid metal on the metasurface, scattering and radiation enhancement modes can be switched. The measured results show that in the scattering mode, the RCS can be reduced from 8.1 to 17 GHz. While in the radiation enhancement mode, the proposed array with the metasurface can achieve a −10‐dB impedance bandwidth of 9.4–11.2 GHz (17.4%) with a maximum gain of 8.12 dBi. Compared with the slot array without the metasurface, the realised gain is enhanced by 1.2 dBi from 6.9 dBi. The measured results correspond well with the simulated ones.
Open Shortest Path First extension for the support of multiarea networks with arbitrary topologies
Authors: Gomes Xavier , Fonseca João , Valadas Rui
Published: January 2024

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) currently supports multiarea networking with two severe limitations: the multiarea topology is restricted to a two‐level hierarchy, and globally optimal routing may not be achieved. An OSPF extension that overcomes these limitations is proposed by introducing a routing overlay for the dissemination of multiarea routing information. It applies to both OSPFv2 (IPv4) and OSPFv3 (IPv6) and is transparent to area‐internal routers. The extension was fully implemented and tested, and the results show that the added functionality is completely achieved, at the cost of a small penalty in terms of convergence times for small networks.
Characterization of solitary internal waves in the northern Bali waters
Authors: Jayanti Nuning , Wicaksono Ashari , Purwandana Adi
Published: January 2024

Internal solitary wave (ISW) is an underwater wave, formed due to the evolution of internal tides. The presence of breaking ISWs in coastal areas can potentially influence coastal ecosystems through cross-shelf exchange mechanisms. The southern waters of the Kangean Island and the eastern waters of the Madura Island, known also as part of the northern Bali waters, have been an active habitat for ISW propagation. This study aims to identify and characterize ISW which potentially breaking onshore the Southern Kangean Waters (SKW) and the Eastern Madura Waters (EMW) using Sentinel 1 SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) imagery. ISW characterization was carried out using the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) model. The ISW amplitudes which propagate to EMW varies from 1 - 28 m with a propagation speed of 1.60 - 1.98 m/s, while the ISW which propagate to the SKW has an amplitude of 1 - 60 m with a propagation speed of 0.83 to 2.17 m/s. The results show that the ISW propagating to the SKW has stronger amplitude, phase velocity, and horizontal-vertical velocities than the ISW propagating to the EMW. The maximum speed of the horizontal current triggered by ISW leading to the EMW is 0.03 - 0.17 m/s and the vertical velocity 0.11 - 4.53 cm/s; the maximum speed of horizontal velocity leading to the SKW is 0.02 - 1.29 m/s and the maximum speed of the vertical velocity 0.04 - 19.03 cm/s.
Experimental study of the resistance of a hydrofoil supported watercraft (hysuwac)
Authors: Putri Rr. Niken D.H. , Suastika Ketut
Published: January 2024

A possible alternative to reduce fuel consumption on a ship is through energy efficiency. For this purpose, a hydrofoil supported watercraft (hysuwac) utilizes two hydrofoils, one installed near the bow and the other near the stern of the catamaran, to reduce the vessel’s resistance. To investigate the effectiveness of the hydrofoils, CFD calculations were conducted in an earlier study. The purpose of this study is to provide experimental data to validate the CFD calculation results reported earlier for which towing tests were conducted at the Laboratory of Ship Hydrodynamics, ITS Surabaya, Indonesia. The ship model was made by using a three-dimensional print, which is then assembled into a ship model that meets the test requirements. The hydrofoil used has a NACA 641-212 section with an angle of attack of 4°. Twelve variations of towing tests were carried out with six variations of speed and two conditions, namely catamaran without and with foil system. A comparison between the CFD and experimental results shows that the CFD results are consistent with the experimental data. The minimum magnitude of percentage difference between the CFD results and experimental data is 1.14%, while the maximum magnitude of this is 16.79%. The observed difference is ascribed mainly to scale effects.
Deep chlorophyll maximum in temperate lakes with different trophic conditions − a rare or common phenomenon?
Authors: Karpowicz Maciej , Pasztaleniec Agnieszka , Grabowska Magdalena , Pietryczuk Anna
Published: January 2024

Deep chlorophyll maxima (DCM) are a common phenomenon in low-trophic stratified lakes, and there is much less information about the occurrence of DCM in eutrophic and dystrophic lakes. Therefore, we performed in situ continuous measurements of chlorophyll concentration by a submersible spectrofluorometer in 23 temperate lakes with different trophic conditions (mesotrophic, eutrophic, and dystrophic). We perform chemical analyses of available nutrient forms to better understand the mechanism of DCM formation. We found the highest concentration of phytoplankton in the metalimnion or upper hypolimnion of most studied lakes, regardless of trophic conditions. Nevertheless, the differences in the number of phytoplankton between DCM and epilimnion were largest in low-trophic lakes, where the chl a concentration in DCM was even 15 times higher than that in the epilimnion. The mesotrophic lakes showed vertical niche segregation by phytoplankton, with a general pattern − green algae in the upper layer, below diatoms, then cryptophytes (and cyanobacteria). Our results indicated that the main factor for DCM in mesotrophic and eutrophic lakes was epilimnetic nutrient depletion, while in dystrophic lakes, it seems to be caused by other factors due to the depletion of dissolved nutrients in whole water profiles.
Effects of scanning methods on cracking, microstructures and microhardness of Inconel 625 parts formed by direct laser metal deposition
Authors: Khoa Tat Doan , Le Van Thao , Duong Van Nguy , Tran Van Chau
Published: January 2024

This study aims at investigating the effects of scanning methods on the stress distribution and microstructures of Inconel 625 thin-walled part fabricated by direct laser metal deposition. The results showed that with the single direction scanning (SDS) method, the residual stress at both the ends of the thin wall was relatively high while the stress at the middle was smaller with a stress difference of about 1800 MPa. In contrast, with the reverse direction scanning (RDS) method, the residual stress in the thin wall was distributed relatively evenly, with a stress difference of about 350 MPa between both the ends and the center. The experimental results showed that, in the SDS method, cracks occurred at both ends and in the middle of the thin wall, whereas in the RDS method, warping and cracks phenomena were eliminated. The microstructure of the Inconel 625 in the forming layer is characterized by a columnar crystal structure that has a small length and grows perpendicularly to the scanning direction. This growth is continuous between the forming layers. In both cases, the microhardness increases with the height of the formed layers. The microhardness values are relatively uniform with values ranging from 420 to 450 HV.
Price of Anarchy in uniform parallel machines scheduling game with weighted completion time as social goal
Authors: Muñoz Felipe T. , Parra Marco A.
Published: January 2024

This article investigates the efficiency of Nash equilibria in a utilitarian scheduling game, where each job, acting as an agent, strategically selects a machine for its processing. The study focuses on a uniform parallel machine environment, employing the Weighted Shortest Processing Time rule as the local policy and the total weighted completion time as the social goal. We establish upper and lower bounds for the Price of Anarchy, offering valuable insights for this scheduling game.
Nicholas Reactions of Pentadiynyl–Co2(CO)6 Cations. Synthesis of Antimalarial Hinokiresinol Analogues
Authors: Green James R. , Muresan Marcus
Published: January 2024

Penta-1,4-diyn-3-ol–Co2(CO)6 complexes undergo Lewis acid mediated Nicholas reactions with high selectivity at the C-3 site, to give skipped (1,4-)diyne complexes. The compatible nucleophiles have a wide range of reactivity. The methodology has been applied to the synthesis of both (E)- and (Z)-isomers of a hinokiresinol and nyasol analogue, the (E)-isomer of which is known to have elevated antiplasmodial and antimalarial activity.
Synthesis and α-Functionalisation of Cyclic Imines
Authors: Brimble Margaret A. , Kuang Ze , Ding Xiao-Bo , Furkert Daniel P.
Published: January 2024

α-Functionalisation of cyclic imines is explored. The cyclic imine substrates are synthesised from their respective halonitrile precursors using a nucleophilic addition/cyclisation sequence. Selective monohalogenation of the cyclic imines yields α-haloimines, which serve as a platform to obtain various α-hydroxyimine derivatives. In addition, an unusual tautomerisation and oxidation sequence is observed in the attempted preparation of α-hydroxyimines.
Clinical and Socioeconomic Effects of Misdiagnosed Wrist Ligament Injuries
Authors: Rosvall Felicia , Hagert Elisabet , Gustafson Pelle , Andersson Jonny K.
Published: January 2024

Purpose Misdiagnosed and maltreated wrist ligament injuries (scapholunate [SL], lunotriquetral, and triangular fibrocartilage complex [TFCC]) filed to the Swedish National Patient Insurance Company (LÖF [“regionernas ömsesidiga försäkringsbolag”]) 2011 to 2018 were analyzed in terms of complications and costs for society.

Materials and Methods All filed claims are database registered. The database was assessed in June 2019 through injury International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision-SWE diagnoses. Demographics, reasons for avoidance, type of complication, and costs were assessed. Trend analysis was also used to compare the numbers of filed claims of wrist ligament injuries and total injuries.

Results The mean age of the 231 extracted patients was 38 years. Females represented 57%. Ninety-eight (42%) of the claims were judged as avoidable, in accordance with the 40% approved patient injuries of all notified injuries during the same time period. Isolated injuries to the TFCC and SL ligament were the most common (n = 185, 80%). One to seven secondary surgical procedures/patient were needed to treat the condition. Sixty-nine (30%) of the 231 patients had medical invalidity due to the avoidable complication(s). Disability was more severe if more than one surgical procedure was needed. There was a significant trend toward decreasing numbers of filed claims for wrist ligament injuries (p = 0.002) over time, in contrast to the total number of filed claims to LÖF, which has increased by an average of 6% annually for a cumulative increase of 60% from 2011 to 2018.

Interpretation The total cost for misdiagnosed and mistreated wrist ligament injuries in Sweden from 2011 to 2018 was €2,203,467, and costly for both the patients and society at large.

Level of Evidence Level III, therapeutic.
Morphometry of Superior Sagittal Sinus and Its Clinical Significance
Authors: Suganya Grace , Krishnaraj Ariharan , Veeramani Raveendranath , Kumar Dinesh , Krishnan Nagarajan
Published: January 2024

The position of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) in the midline along the sagittal suture is still a debate among neurosurgeons. The aim of the study is to evaluate the diameter and deviation of the SSS at various landmarks in the midline. We evaluated 100 computed tomography venography images. The mean diameter of SSS between nasion and bregma was 2.6 ± 0.7 mm and it was 3.7 ± 0.9 at bregma. Between bregma and lambda and at lambda, the mean diameters were 5.1 ± 1.2 and 5.7 ± 1.04, respectively. Deviation of SSS toward the right side was seen in approximately 77% of cases, while left deviation and no deviation were seen in 11 and 12%, respectively, between nasion and bregma. At bregma, 62, 10, and 28% deviation was seen toward the right side, left side, and in midline, respectively. In other three segments between bregma and lambda, at lambda and beyond lambda the right and left deviation of SSS were found in 68, 70, 71% and 11, 9, 11% respectively. While in these three segments there was no deviation in SSS in 21(between bregma and lambda), 21(at lambda) and 18% (beyond lambda). Further, we compared our data between genders and age groups. A statistically significant difference in diameter of SSS between genders was noted at the level of bregma and a significant difference in deviation of SSS between genders was noted in the segment between nasion and bregma. Thus, the findings of this study would serve as the crucial surgical data for the neurosurgeons in placing the burr holes in craniotomies and in the interhemispheric approach for midline tumors.