bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A marine controlled-source electromagnetic application using towed and seafloor-based receivers capable of mapping seafloor and embedded massive sulfides
Authors: Ishizu Keiichi , Kasaya Takafumi , Goto Tada-Nori , Koike Katsuaki , Siripunvaraporn Weerachai , Iwamoto Hisanori , Kawada Yoshifumi , Ishibashi Jun-Ichiro
Published: February 2024

Deep-sea massive sulfide deposits formed by hydrothermal fluid circulation are potential metal resources. They can exist not only as mound manifestations on the seafloor (seafloor massive sulfides) but also as embedded anomalies buried beneath the seafloor (embedded massive sulfides). The distribution of embedded massive sulfides is largely unknown, despite their expected high economic value. Recent drilling surveys have revealed a complex model suggesting embedded massive sulfides coexist beneath seafloor massive sulfides. In the coexisting case, geophysical methods are required to distinguish and map seafloor and embedded massive sulfides for accurate resource estimation. Marine controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) methods are useful for mapping massive sulfides because they exhibit higher electrical conductivity compared with the surrounding host rock. However, CSEM applications capable of distinguishing and mapping the massive sulfides are lacking. We use a towed electric dipole transmitter with two types of receivers: stationary ocean-bottom electric (OBE) and short-offset towed receivers. This combination uses differences in sensitivity: the towed receiver data are sensitive to seafloor massive sulfides, and the stationary OBE receiver data are sensitive to embedded massive sulfides. Our synthetic data example demonstrates that the combined inversion of towed and OBE data can recover resistivities and positions of the massive sulfides more accurately than existing inversion methods using individual applications. We perform the combined inversion of measured CSEM data obtained from the middle Okinawa Trough. The inversion models demonstrate that a combined inversion can map the location and shape of embedded massive sulfides identified during drilling more accurately than the inversion of individual data sets.
Remimazolam and Remifentanil Anesthetics for an Adolescent Patient with Stiff-Person Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Morita Hironobu , Kinoshita Hirotaka , Kiyokawa Masayo , Kushikata Tetsuya , Hirota Kazuyoshi
Published: February 2024

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by fluctuating rigidity and stiffness of the axial muscles. There are no reports on the use of remimazolam in a patient with SPS. A 16-year-old Japanese woman with SPS was scheduled to undergo intrathecal baclofen pump exchange. General anesthesia was induced and maintained using remimazolam, remifentanil, and intermittent rocuronium bromide. No intraoperative mobility or significant autonomic symptoms were observed. Additionally, electroencephalographic signature showed sufficient anesthetic depth. The patient’s emergence from general anesthesia was uneventful. In conclusion, remimazolam could be considered an effective anesthetic drug for patients with SPS.
Developmental regulation of cellular metabolism is required for intestinal elongation and rotation
Authors: Grzymkowski Julia K. , Chiu Yu-Chun , Jima Dereje D. , Wyatt Brent H. , Jayachandran Sudhish , Stutts Whitney L. , Nascone-Yoder Nanette M.
Published: February 2024

Malrotation of the intestine is a prevalent birth anomaly, the etiology of which remains poorly understood. Here, we show that late-stage exposure of Xenopus embryos to atrazine, a widely used herbicide that targets electron transport chain (ETC) reactions, elicits intestinal malrotation at high frequency. Interestingly, atrazine specifically inhibits the cellular morphogenetic events required for gut tube elongation, including cell rearrangement, differentiation and proliferation; insufficient gut lengthening consequently reorients the direction of intestine rotation. Transcriptome analyses of atrazine-exposed intestines reveal misexpression of genes associated with glycolysis and oxidative stress, and metabolomics shows that atrazine depletes key glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites. Moreover, cellular bioenergetics assays indicate that atrazine blocks a crucial developmental transition from glycolytic ATP production toward oxidative phosphorylation. Atrazine-induced defects are phenocopied by rotenone, a known ETC Complex I inhibitor, accompanied by elevated reactive oxygen species, and rescued by antioxidant supplementation, suggesting that malrotation may be at least partly attributable to redox imbalance. These studies reveal roles for metabolism in gut morphogenesis and implicate defective gut tube elongation and/or metabolic perturbations in the etiology of intestinal malrotation.
The implementation of TQM models in an unstable macro-environment
Authors: Τασιός Αριστείδης
Published: February 2024

Η παρούσα έρευνα ασχολείται με την εφαρμογή εργαλείων Ολικής Διαχείρισης Ποιότητας σε ένα ασταθές μακρο-περιβάλλον, με τη χρήση ενός ειδικού εργαλείου TQM, του Κοινού Πλαισίου Αξιολόγησης και την εφαρμογή του στον Ελληνικό Δημόσιο Τομέα, ο οποίος αντιμετώπισε ασυνήθιστες συνθήκες τα τελευταία 8 χρόνια, λόγω στην ελληνική κρίση χρέους.Όπως ανέφεραν πολλοί συγγραφείς στο παρελθόν, η βιβλιογραφία έχει όλα όσα χρειάζεται να γνωρίζει κάποιος για τις εφαρμογές TQM, αλλά στις περισσότερες περιπτώσεις η πραγματικότητα δεν ταιριάζει με το αρχικό σχέδιο, επειδή υπάρχουν εσωτερικοί οργανωτικοί παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν τη διαδικασία υλοποίησης TQM. Επιπλέον, σύμφωνα με την ανάλυση PESTEL, οι εξωτερικοί μακρο-περιβαλλοντικοί παράγοντες έχουν αντίκτυπο σε έναν οργανισμό και στις διαδικασίες του. Αυτοί οι παράγοντες είναι: Πολιτικά, Οικονομικά, Κοινωνιολογικά, Τεχνολογικά, Περιβαλλοντικά και Νομικά θέματα. Ως εκ τούτου, υπάρχουν εξωτερικοί οργανωτικοί παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν τη διαδικασία εφαρμογής της TQM. Από την άλλη πλευρά, σε περιόδους δημοσιονομικής κρίσης και ασταθούς οικονομικού μακροπεριβάλλοντος, η υιοθέτηση αρχών ποιότητας από τους οργανισμούς μπορεί να βελτιώσει την ικανότητά τους να αντιμετωπίζουν την αβεβαιότητα και να προσφέρουν στους πολίτες – πελάτες ποιοτικές υπηρεσίες. Ωστόσο, η έλλειψη πόρων και υποστήριξης σε περιόδους οικονομικής κρίσης μπορεί να επηρεάσει την εταιρική κουλτούρα και να προκαλέσει προβλήματα στην επιτυχή εφαρμογή της TQM. Επιπλέον, ανεξέλεγκτοι παράγοντες στο εξωτερικό περιβάλλον έχουν αρνητικό αντίκτυπο στη διαδικασία υλοποίησης και προκαλούν προβλήματα στην υλοποίηση της στρατηγικής.Έχοντας υπόψη τα παραπάνω, ο συγγραφέας συνδύασε τη θεωρία υλοποίησης TQM με την ανάλυση PESTEL, προκειμένου να εντοπίσει τους κρίσιμους παράγοντες για την επιτυχή εφαρμογή των εργαλείων TQM, ειδικά σε περιόδους ασταθούς μακρο-περιβάλλοντος. Διαπιστώνοντας ότι ένας σημαντικός τομέας που χρήζει προσοχής είναι τα χαρακτηριστικά του εξωτερικού περιβάλλοντος όπου δραστηριοποιείται ο οργανισμός, προκειμένου η εφαρμογή της TQM να είναι αποτελεσματική. Ως εκ τούτου, αυτή η έρευνα συμβάλλει στο σύνολο των γνώσεων της θεωρίας TQM διερευνώντας πώς οι εξωτερικοί παράγοντες επηρεάζουν τις διαδικασίες εφαρμογής της, χρησιμοποιώντας την ανάλυση PESTEL.
Case Report: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a 21-year-old female patient with no prior asthma
Authors: Rangari Ankit , Ghewade Babaji , Gajabe Gauri
Published: February 2024

Hypersensitivity brought on by Aspergillus causes a lung illness known as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). ABPA is a common fungal disease that affects individuals with uncontrolled asthma, cystic fibrosis, and immunocompromised patients. Aspergillus mould species are highly prevalent in the environment, especially in organic waste. There are more than a hundred different species of Aspergillus throughout the world, but the most common offenders are Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus clavatus. Several Aspergillus species, most notably Aspergillus fumigatus, are responsible for human diseases. Depending on the amount and virulence of inhaled Aspergillus and the host’s genetic vulnerability and immunity, Aspergillus can produce allergic or allergic (Aspergillus-mediated allergies and asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonia, and ABPA pulmonary disorders. Because of its unique appearance, particularly when there is no medical history of asthma, it may be challenging to diagnose in some circumstances. Although side effects from treating ABPA are regularly described, cumulative medication toxicity caused by several compounds is uncommon. It’s essential to make a wise decision among the several compounds that are available and efficient against ABPA. We document a case of ABPA in a female patient who had no prior history of asthma. She had complained about having trouble breathing. The presence of specific IgE antibodies against Aspergillus fumigatus & an elevated eosinophil count were used to make the diagnosis of ABPA.
Ethical considerations in adaptive platform trial design in public health emergencies: a WHO initiative
Authors: Wright Katharine , Littler Katherine
Published: February 2024

Platform trials, using adaptive methodologies, have played an important role in the research response to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and offer prospect of being widely used in future pandemic preparedness and response. As these relatively new methodologies raise a number of ethical and governance challenges, in early 2022 the Health Ethics and Governance Unit of the World Health Organization commissioned five rapid reviews, with the aim of learning from, and building on, experiences during the pandemic. These five reviews have been published separately: this short paper provides an introduction to them, sets out the context in which they were produced, and draws together some cross-cutting themes and future directions.
Evaluation of a Seed Award scheme to promote the involvement of global health researchers in public and community engagement: approaches, challenges and lessons learned
Authors: Quy Huong Van Thuy , Fisher Jaom , Chambers Mary
Published: February 2024

Background Public and community engagement (PCE) in health research is becoming more common and many research organizations are committed to fostering PCE to strengthen their research culture. However, barriers that may make researchers hesitate to undertake PCE activities may be heightened in Global South research settings. To address these challenges, we set up a PCE Seed Award scheme at the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU) across four research sites in Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi -Vietnam, Indonesia, and Nepal to enable researchers to incorporate public engagement activities in their research. Methods The Seed Award scheme followed three steps: 1. A call for applications and funding decisions: Researchers were invited to submit grant applications twice per year. Applications were reviewed and funding decisions made by a committee including external reviewers. 2. Supporting and monitoring: Successful awardees were supported to further develop their proposals, strengthen engagement capacity and to plan evaluation. 3. Reporting and evaluation: Awardees were asked to conduct evaluation throughout the activities and to submit an end-of-project report. The scheme itself was evaluated using mixed methods. Results Over a six-year period from 2016-2022, 41 small grants were awarded. The PCE team supporting the scheme delivered 19 training sessions to help strengthen awardees PCE capacity. Conclusions We conclude that the scheme has made a profound impact in encouraging researchers at the OUCRU research units to lead and be involved with PCE activities. During this period, many more researchers, of all grades, were active in engagement projects. The scheme was improved by adding mentoring and training, and one-on-one mentoring helped attract more applicants. In this paper, we describe the process of development and implementation of this award programme, which aims to support and promote researcher-led public engagement and reflect on the challenges and lessons learned.
Stakeholder engagement to develop a directory of COVID-19 related mental health services in Vietnam: reflections on a participatory approach
Authors: Thai Jessica Ngoc , Le Craig William , Fisher Jaom , Chambers Mary
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a rise of mental health issues amongst Vietnamese communities in Vietnam and the diaspora. However, there were few resources and no directory of services available for people seeking mental health support in Vietnam. In response to this need, we initiated an engagement project to improve Vietnamese communities' access to mental health support. This project aimed to involve stakeholders in the development of a directory of resources in order to ensure that it met local needs. The phases of development included: (1) reviewing desk research findings; (2) reviewing the list of mental health support services that we could find; (3) verifying the first draft of the directory; (4) helping disseminate the directory; and (5) updating the directory. In February 2022 the first edition of the mental health directory for Vietnamese and foreigners living in Vietnam was published. In this paper we describe the iterative approach taken to developing a resource that would have maximum utility for the target communities. We describe the process of partnering with people with lived experience, community members and expert stakeholders in this process, and reflect on how this strengthened the outcomes in terms of the relevance of the output, the research uptake and the access for the wider community. We believe that it is important to publish examples of community engagement projects in order to demonstrate good practise and promote increased involvement of communities in research.
A catalogue of chromosome counts for Phylum Nematoda
Authors: Blaxter Mark L. , Leech Chloe , Lunt David H
Published: February 2024

Nematodes are important biological models in genetics and genomics, with research driven by basic biological as well as applied questions. The presence of holocentric chromosomes, clades with frequent polyploidy and the phenomenon of programmed DNA elimination make nematode karyotypic diversity of particular interest. Here we present a catalogue of published karyotypes of nematode species, rationalising and normalising descriptions from the previous 135 years. Karyotypes of 257 species are presented in taxonomic context. Nuclear chromosome counts range from 2 to 60. Tylenchina is identified as particularly diverse in karyotype. We highlight that Rhabditida and especially parasitic Rhabditina are well-represented, but there is a paucity of data from Enoplea, Dorylaimia, and from free-living marine groups in Chromadorea. The data have been uploaded to the Genomes on a Tree (GoaT) datasystem (https://goat.genomehubs.org/) for integration with ongoing, large-scale genome sequencing efforts.
The genome sequence of a hoverfly, Cheilosia impressa (Loew, 1840)
Authors: Falk Steven , Poole Oliver ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Cheilosia impressa (hoverfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Syrphidae). The genome sequence is 395.0 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.87 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of a barkfly, Mesopsocus fuscifrons Meinander, 1966
Authors: Sivell Duncan ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Mesopsocus fuscifrons (barkfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Psocodea; Mesopsocidae). The genome sequence is 184.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 9 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 20.13 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of a muscid fly, Polietes domitor (Harris, 1780)
Authors: Falk Steven , Sivell Duncan , Webb Judy , Grzywacz Andrzej ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequence Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Polietes domitor (muscid fly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Muscidae). The genome sequence is 1,043.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 19.95 kilobases in length.
What looks dangerous? Reliability of anxiety and harm ratings of animal and tool visual stimuli
Authors: Seow Tricia X. F. , Hauser Tobias U.
Published: February 2024

Background Visual stimuli are integral to psychology and cognitive neuroscience research, with growing numbers of image repositories tagged with their affective information like valence and arousal. However, more specific affective domains such as anxiousness and harm have not been empirically examined and reported for visual stimuli, despite their relevance to task paradigms investigating common psychiatric disorders like anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods In this study, we asked N = 80 participants to assess a set of 42 unique visual stimuli consisting of a variety of animals and tools on anxiety and harm scales. We then assessed the ratings’ psychometric properties. Results We found that animals were generally rated as more harm-perceiving and anxiety-inducing than tools, and were also higher in their inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities. Conclusions With this, we provide a database of affective information for these stimuli, which allows for their use in affective task paradigms using psychometrically validated visual stimuli.
Anti-nucleocapsid antibody levels following initial and repeat SARS-CoV-2 infections in a cohort of long-term care facility residents in England (VIVALDI)
Authors: Stirrup Oliver , Tut Gokhan , Krutikov Maria , Bone David , Lancaster Tara , Azmi Borscha , Monakhov Igor , Moss Paul , Hayward Andrew , Copas Andrew , Shallcross Laura
Published: February 2024

Background We have previously demonstrated that older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCF) in the UK show levels of anti-spike antibodies that are comparable to the general population following primary series and booster vaccination for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, data on the humoral response to other SARS-CoV-2 proteins associated with natural infection are scarce in this vulnerable population. Methods We measured quantitative levels of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies in blood samples taken from LTCF residents and staff after initial and repeat SARS-CoV-2 infections, between December 2020 and March 2023. Data on SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination were obtained through linkage to national datasets. Linear mixed effects models were used to investigate anti-nucleocapsid antibody levels, using log10 scale, in relation to time from most recent infection. This included evaluation of associations between repeat infection, staff/resident status, age, sex, Omicron infection and vaccination history and peak antibody level and slope of decline with time. Results We analysed 405 antibody observations from 220 residents and 396 observations from 215 staff. Repeat infection was associated with 8.5-fold (95%CI 4.9-14.8-fold) higher initial (peak) median anti-nucleocapsid antibody level, with steeper subsequent slope of decline. There were no significant differences in antibody level associated with resident (vs. staff) status or age, but Omicron infection was associated with 3.6-fold (95%CI 2.4–5.4-fold) higher levels. There was stronger evidence of waning of antibody levels over time in a sensitivity analysis in which observations were censored in cases with suspected undetected repeat infection. Conclusions We found similar levels of anti-nucleocapsid antibody in residents and staff of LTCFs. Repeat infection and infection with an Omicron strain were associated with higher peak values. There was evidence of waning of anti-nucleocapsid antibody levels over time.
The genome sequence of the hawthorn leaf beetle, Lochmaea crataegi (Forster, 1771)
Authors: Crowley Liam M. , Telfer Mark G. , Escalona Hermes E. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Lochmaea crataegi (the hawthorn leaf beetle; Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae). The genome sequence is 891.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 16 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X and Y sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 18.32 kilobases in length.
Assessment of the Factors Forming Restrictive Measures for International Trade Projects and Prospects for the Development of Mutual Trade Institutions of the EAEU Group of Countries
Authors: Demidova L. , Kotlyarevskiy P. , Goreeva N.
Published: February 2024

The authors consider aspects of the established practice of developing effective regulatory mechanisms for foreign trade projects organized by trade unions of countries. Using the grouping of protectionist measures of nontariff regulation of the EAEU countries, introduced in 2020, it was revealed that the main barriers and restrictions are institutional, not economic in nature. Special attention is paid to conducting a criteria-based assessment of the relationship between institutional barriers/restrictions and the level of obstacles using the chi-square criterion. Several statistical criteria were used to assess the degree of closeness of the relationship between the types of institutional barriers and the degree of their limitations, which are relatively easy to apply, but quite informative and meaningful in interpretation. The presented approaches in the analysis expand the possibilities of quantifying non-tariff mechanisms for regulating mutual trade projects in various trade unions organized by countries.
Features of the Formation of the Financial Base of a Modern State Corporation for the Implementation of Projects
Authors: Kiseleva T.
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the process of forming the financial base of state corporations for finance projects. The legal framework that provides a special financial mechanism for the state corporation is analyzed. The role of income from business activities, of budget resources and their composition in financing projects, in the formation and support of the activities of the state corporation is assessed. The object of the study is non-financial state corporations. The research was carried out on the basis of a systematic approach; also the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis, generalization, etc. The result of the study: to finance its projects, the state corporation is provided with a variety of sources, both budgetary and extra-budgetary, which give it an advantage in comparison with other forms of organizations.
The Relationship Between Project Management and the Concept of Lean Production in an Enterprise
Authors: Tashkinov A.
Published: February 2024

The author examined the theoretical and methodological provisions of the relationship between project management and the concept of lean production in an enterprise, the history of the development of project management, the concept and purpose. It is noted that in modern conditions, project management managers are faced with new requirements for high agility, flexibility, prompt provision of the main departments of enterprises with operational information, but quite effective and manageable. This lean project management should contribute to the continuous improvement of the operational efficiency of enterprises. Methods and methods for creating working groups in an enterprise have been studied. Innovative methods in the economy lead to a significant increase in labor productivity and the release of labor resources. The article discusses the methodology and flexible working methods and the benefits that can be obtained through innovation. The formation and creation of working groups is presented, the need for developing the personnel potential of JSC Perm Mashinostroitel Plant is substantiated. A lean manufacturing project is described to reduce production losses in product release.
Quadratic Optimization Models for Balancing Preferential Access and Fairness: Formulations and Optimality Conditions
Authors: Schmitt Christian , Singh Bismark
Published: February 2024

Typically, within facility location problems, fairness is defined in terms of accessibility of users. However, for facilities perceived as undesirable by communities hosting them, fairness between the usage of facilities becomes especially important. Limited research exists on this notion of fairness. To close this gap, we develop a series of optimization models for the allocation of populations of users to facilities such that access for users is balanced with a fair utilization of facilities. The optimality conditions of the underlying nonconvex quadratic models state the precise balance between accessibility and fairness. We define new classes of fairness and a metric to quantify the extent to which fairness is achieved in both optimal and suboptimal allocations. We show that a continuous relaxation of our central model is sufficient to achieve a perfect extent of fairness, while a special case reduces to the classical notion of proportional fairness. Our work is motivated by pervasive ecological challenges faced by the waste management community as policymakers seek to reduce the number of recycling centers in the last few years. As a computational case study, applying our models on data for the state of Bavaria in Germany, we find that even after the closure of a moderate number of recycling centers, large degrees of access can be ensured, provided that the closures are conducted optimally. Fairness, however, is impacted more, with facilities in rural regions shouldering larger loads of visiting populations than those in urban regions.

History: Accepted by Pascal Van Hentenryck, Area Editor for Computational Modeling: Methods & Analysis.

Funding: Computer resources and support provided by the Erlangen Regional Computing Center are gratefully acknowledged. B. Singh was partially financially supported by the Bavarian State Ministry for Science and Art (Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst) under the Competence Network for Scientific High Performance Computing in Bavaria.

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0308 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0308 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
When Does the Gittins Policy Have Asymptotically Optimal Response Time Tail in the M/G/1?
Authors: Scully Ziv , van Kreveld Lucas
Published: February 2024

Looking Beyond Mean Delay in Queue Scheduling

A central aim of queueing theory is to design scheduling policies that reduce delays. Much of literature focuses on minimizing mean delay, but, in practice, it can be more important to reduce the delay tail—that is, the probability of especially large delays. There is a subtle interplay between these objectives. For instance, the SRPT policy (Shortest Remaining Processing Time) prioritizes short jobs over long jobs, which optimizes mean delay. Sometimes, SRPT also has optimal delay tail, but other times, its delay tail is pessimal. Thus, good mean delay need not imply good delay tail. The article When Does the Gittins Policy Have Asymptotically Optimal Response Time Tail in the M/G/1? explores the interplay between mean delay and delay tail for systems with unknown job durations. The article studies the Gittins policy, which optimizes mean delay in this setting. Curiously, its delay tail can be optimal, pessimal, or in between, depending on the job duration distribution. Fortunately, the worst case can be avoided: the article shows how to modify Gittins to avoid pessimal delay tail while maintaining near-optimal mean delay.
Educar para o progresso da nação:
Authors: Boto Carlota , Giardino Júlia Souza Santos , Ferrero Tiziana
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo objetiva investigar as finalidades assumidas pela disciplina escolar português no período entre 1930 e 1971 no Brasil, a partir do estudo de livros didáticos. Procuramos efetuar uma periodização inscrita diretamente na história da educação brasileira. Sendo assim, o marco inicial é 1930, ano em que foi criado o Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública, e em que se percebeu um progressivo controle estatal sobre a educação e a produção de livros didáticos no país. A data final é a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (Lei no 5.692/1971), uma vez que provocou mudanças significativas no ensino básico. A partir dos fundamentos teórico-metodológicos da história cultural, buscou-se lançar luz sobre os discursos presentes nos livros escolares da disciplina português adotados no ensino primário e no secundário, evidenciando aproximações de cada etapa. Disponíveis na biblioteca do livro didático na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo, as fontes forneceram relevantes indícios sobre as práticas em sala de aula, de maneira a esclarecer em parte o contexto social, histórico e pedagógico do período em questão. Foi possível concluir que o ensino da língua materna, dentro do processo de escolarização, era pensado e mobilizado como aliado a um projeto civilizatório que visava à inculcação de certos valores e comportamentos considerados fundamentais à nação.
O trabalho pedagógico em meio à pandemia:
Authors: Calheiros Vicente Cabrera , Castaman Ana Sara , Ferreira Liliana Soares
Published: February 2024

Em virtude das transformações sociais realizadas a partir da Pandemia Covid-19, assumiu-se o ensino remoto no Brasil no primeiro semestre de 2020, com ampla e profunda repercussão no trabalho pedagógico. Dentro de um complexo e variado conjunto de mudanças tidas em todo o território nacional, o objetivo deste estudo é investigar os impactos no trabalho pedagógico na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, tendo como campo empírico os discursos de professores e professoras dos três Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (IFs) presentes no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para a produção dos dados, aplicou-se um questionário on-line e fundamentou-se teórica e metodologicamente o estudo na Análise de Movimentos de Sentidos. Constatou-se haver entendimentos díspares, a manutenção/permanência das relações que já aconteciam antes do período pandêmico. Considera-se que é necessário que se compreenda o modo como cada professor(a) lida com estas “novidades”, a fim de entender a complexidade do trabalho pedagógico remoto.
A mediação em museu de ciência em Belford Roxo/RJ como forma de inclusão social
Authors: Júnior Sérgio de Souza Henrique , Pereira Grazielle Rodrigues
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho investigou a importância dos museus e Centros de Ciências para a formação de mediadores, estudantes da educação básica em um museu de ciências localizado no município de Belford Roxo na Baixada Fluminense. O objetivo foi analisar as contribuições desse espaço, durante as etapas de concepção e implantação, na formação dos alunos mediadores bem como o impacto na perspectiva dos mediadores sobre a ciência. O que mudou na perspectiva deles sobre ciência? O papel do mediador é transformar o conhecimento científico em algo acessível por meio de atividades interativas e estimular o interesse do público em relação à ciência. A pesquisa foi realizada com uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando um questionário online com perguntas fechadas e abertas para avaliar a participação dos alunos no processo de concepção e implantação do centro. Os resultados indicaram que estar em um Centro de Ciências proporcionou experiências importantes e inéditas para os alunos, despertando o interesse e a curiosidade em relação à ciência. O sentimento de pertencimento ao espaço também foi destacado pelos participantes. Além disso, a metodologia de formação dos mediadores foi de grande relevância para a compreensão da importância desses espaços para a educação e formação destes mediadores. Conclui-se que o envolvimento dos alunos é uma ferramenta importante para a consolidação de um Centro de Ciências e pode gerar o sentimento de pertencimento e engajamento necessários para a inclusão de toda a comunidade escolar.
História, capitalismo e mudanças climáticas:
Authors: Das Neves Karine Oliveira , Oliveira Michele Mezari , Volpato Gildo
Published: February 2024

Buscou-se analisar qualitativamente o documentário Before the Flood (2016), intitulado no Brasil como Seremos história?, que retrata as consequências ocasionadas pelas mudanças climáticas devido à ação antrópica. Nesse sentido, o estudo teve como objetivo compreender as mudanças climáticas provocadas pela ação humana no planeta e identificar as possibilidades de evitar o aumento dessas catástrofes, a partir da análise de cenas do documentário Before the Flood (2016). A fim de elucidação e compreensão do documentário, procurou-se estabelecer diálogo com autores, como Gomes (2012), Sagan (2017), Harari (2017) e com o relatório do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas da Organização das Nações Unidas (IPCC, 2022). O estudo nos permitiu compreender que a preservação planetária e a recuperação ambiental se fazem necessárias e que, para que a espécie humana sobreviva, é preciso haver consciência ambiental. Apesar de muito negacionismo, as mudanças climáticas podem ser evidenciadas pelas imagens do degelo das calotas polares, furacões, desertificação, excesso de gás carbônico na atmosfera, inundações e terremotos. Assim, o contexto atual, repleto de exploração ao meio ambiente desenfreada pelo capital, instiga a reflexão sobre a necessidade de uma consciência cósmica, histórica, ambiental e educacional. O documentário Before the Flood (2016) e os autores em que foi baseado o estudo corroboram a importância da conscientização dos cidadãos e a necessidade urgente de recuperação e preservação do meio ambiente. Se não mudarmos nosso estilo de vida e os princípios nocivos estimulados pela sociedade capitalista de competição, produção, acumulação e consumo, podemos estar no caminho da extinção de nossa espécie e de todas as outras.
Questões de gênero e direitos humanos nos currículos brasileiros:
Authors: Barreto Januário Soraya
Published: February 2024

O artigo apresenta uma análise dos projetos pedagógicos dos bacharelados em publicidade e propaganda das universidades federais ofertadas no Brasil, numa perspectiva interseccional e decolonial. O saber publicitário é fortemente pautado em práticas de mercado e na lógica dos preceitos neoliberais, na qual o ideal de aprendizagem se foca em estereótipos redutores, e pouco preocupado com questões humanísticas voltadas para a diversidade e os direitos humanos. Dessa forma, é objetivo da pesquisa realizar um levantamento em torno das matrizes curriculares dos cursos, observando componentes obrigatórios e eletivas e/ou optativas, buscando compreender se os currículos oferecem na formação debates e problematizações em torno dos direitos humanos e das questões de gênero, atrelada às práticas da profissão. A metodologia é de ordem quantitativa, qualitativa e exploratória. Como resultados, foi possível compreender permanências e rupturas nas temáticas pedagógicas clássicas do curso, sobre os avanços, observamos a inclusão de componentes eletivas com temáticas de interesse da pesquisa e um deslocamento para práticas mais decoloniais das referências bibliográficas.
Conversas sobre ensinagem, exercícios de a/r/tistagem:
Authors: Bueno Zuleika de Paula , De Sousa Lima Ângela Maria
Published: February 2024

O ensaio discute as questões que emergiram durante uma pesquisa de pós-doutorado que teve por objeto de estudo as práticas docentes. As autoras enfatizam a relevância de uma abordagem integrada entre o ensino universitário, a pesquisa e a extensão. A argumentação é sustentada a partir dos conceitos de ensinagem, artistagem e integridade docente, desenvolvidos pelas estudiosas Léa Anastasiou, Sandra Mara Corazza e bell hooks. Para conduzir este estudo/esta pesquisa, as autoras adotam a metodologia da a/r/tografia, segundo a qual a produção artística é mobilizada como elemento condutor de uma investigação voltada para as atividades educativas. A adoção desse enfoque possibilitou às autoras afirmarem a docência universitária como um processo criativo, ético e estético. Por fim, o texto aborda a importância da colaboração entre docentes formadores/as, a necessidade de uma revisão da formação pedagógica no ensino superior e o reconhecimento da valorização de uma docência que seja marcada pela criatividade, pela reflexividade e pelo compromisso com a construção de conhecimentos e práticas transformadoras.
"A guerra é cultural, p*!":
Authors: De Matos Lins Heloísa Andreia , Cabello Janaina , Perol da Silva Cristiane
Published: February 2024

A partir de uma contextualização teórica e empírica sobre a chamada guerra cultural que impacta o país nos últimos anos, o artigo busca destacar a alfabetização como dispositivo político-instrumental das direitas radicais para a garantia do pleno governo da infância e controle social. Metodologicamente, o trabalho se desenvolve por meio de estudos pós-críticos, no caso, cartográficos. Neste contexto reflexivo, o texto concentra-se no enfoque de direitos e, mais especificamente, no direito humano das crianças à informação e no acesso aos bens culturais e simbólicos, ou seja, às formas de justiça epistêmica. São apresentadas algumas tendências e possíveis impactos dessas políticas para crianças surdas e ouvintes, em que se destaca a vulneração epistêmica em duas investigações e com um embasamento teórico voltado principalmente à perspectiva dos estudos da infância, dos estudos surdos, da história e da filosofia, bem como dos pressupostos freireanos. O trabalho indica elementos sobre como a alfabetização se converte num potente dispositivo político-instrumental do governo do ex-presidente Jair Bolsonaro.
A docência em escrileituras:
Authors: Schwantz Josimara Wikboldt , Rodrigues Carla Gonçalves
Published: February 2024

Esta pesquisa compõe um atlas ao inventariar a docência, a partir do exercício de escrileituras, desde as possibilidades existenciais e pedagógicas. Utiliza o referencial teórico de Deleuze e Guattari, intercessores artísticos e científicos. Justifica-se pela inquietação percebida na produção radiofônica realizada por professores em formação inicial e continuada na oficina Conatus, ao dizerem de acontecimentos de um cotidiano escolar. Trata do conceito de estilo para acompanhar o movimento, a composição, a variação e a fuga de uma prática educacional. Se questiona: Como a constituição de um estilo afeta os modos de ser professor(a)? A partir do método cartográfico, mapeia em planos extensivos (por meio de matérias e rastros deixados pela oficina) e intensivos (captura das forças e signos de uma docência, concebendo a escrita de um bestiário em devir). Considerou-se, na análise em transcriação, que a ação de escrever-ler favoreceu o aparecimento de um estilo animal, evidenciando a necessidade de brechas de respiro de um fazer que diminui a força de agir.
O ordinário em imagens:
Authors: Gobbi Marcia Aparecida , Stello Leite Maria Cristina
Published: February 2024

Fotografias pinhole são o mote para reflexões constantes neste artigo. Elas foram feitas por crianças frequentadoras de uma Escola de Educação Infantil (EMEI), situada em um Centro de Educação Unificado (CEU), equipamento público e gratuito, criado em 2004 como política pública urbana na cidade de São Paulo. Os pontos de vista de meninas e meninos foram privilegiados, pois permitem aproximações com representações do bairro onde moram, que ao mesmo tempo é onde o CEU está localizado. Trata-se de resultado de pesquisa realizada entre 2015-2017 cujo ponto de partida eram escolas públicas municipais de educação infantil e as crianças frequentadoras de EMEI. O objetivo era compreender diferentes aspectos da cidade a partir de seus pontos de vista. Caminhadas dentro e fora dos espaços institucionais guiadas por crianças e algumas funcionárias da EMEI, diálogos e escuta atentos e a realização de fotografias pinhole – feitas de modo artesanal em câmeras produzidas com latinhas de mantimentos – consistiram na metodologia usada. Destacamos questões fundamentais durante o processo: o que é construído imageticamente pelas crianças? A imagem captada é imagem de quê? Sabendo que são representações, portanto, verdadeiras e falsas (Lefebvre, 2006), o que podemos inferir sobre o bairro e o CEU e as relações espaciotemporais ao observarmos as imagens feitas? Essas questões orientaram pesquisa de campo acerca da infância, periferia e cidade no bairro da Pedreira onde está o CEU, extremo Sul de São Paulo, e nos apresentam a oportunidade de conhecer um pequeno recorte do que foi realizado com e pelas crianças.
Ainda sobre educação:
Authors: Pereira de Almeida Jefferson , Da Luz Matos Sônia Regina
Published: February 2024

Partindo da cena de Zaratustra, que sugere a unidade e a identidade que podem restar na aparência de multiplicidade, e resultante de experimentação desenvolvida em projeto de doutorado em curso, o artigo apresenta apontamentos filosóficos cujo objetivo é realizar a deriva acerca da sobrevida dos elementos teológicos e metafísicos nos projetos pedagógicos contemporâneos. Sendo assim, com a leitura de Friedrich Nietzsche e de alguns autores do pensamento contemporâneo, o texto investe sobre os vestígios teológicos, mostrando sua permanência e sua atualização na instrumentalização da educação pela economia. O percurso traçado também efetua sua deriva pelos usos da aprendizagem, seu papel de apêndice aos critérios econômicos, supõe o tensionamento constitutivo de forças, ao mesmo tempo que diagnostica o triunfo das forças reativas. No entanto, requerendo sua contrapartida, a escritura deixa rastros daquilo que poderia escapar ao retorno do idêntico. Como antídoto à insistente permanência que se atualiza, atendo-se aos riscos sugeridos pela cena de Zaratustra em que a voz única se oculta na fisionomia e na aparência de diversas vozes, indica-se a abertura da educação aos vocabulários para os quais multiplicidade e diferença são termos incontornáveis.
Paramedic electrocardiogram interpretation in acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Wyld Luke , Clegg Lisa , Griffin Kristina
Published: February 2024

Background:

The paramedic use of electrocardiogram (ECG) is the gold standard for prehospital identification of acute myocardial infarction. Following an extension to their scope of practice, all paramedics have the capability to identify an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, there have been no investigations into paramedic ECG interpretation.

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate paramedic accuracy regarding ECG interpretation and compare findings with international literature.

Methods:

Anonymous participants were voluntarily recruited to interpret 12 ECGs. A literature review was undertaken to compare results with previous studies.

Findings:

Paramedics correctly identified the ECGs with a mean score of 63%. Accuracy in ECG interpretation increased with a higher educational background and specialist training. Postgraduate mean accuracy was 83.33%, with specialist accuracy at 83.53%.

Conclusions:

Further education and research into interpreting difficult ECGs is necessary. Australian services may consider the implementation of modified cardiac protocols to include suspected non-STEMI.
Retrospective review of a Schwartz Rounds service for a veterinary team
Authors: Martin Amy
Published: February 2024

Schwartz Rounds are a multidisciplinary forum for human healthcare staff to process the emotional and social issues associated with delivering care. The aim is to care for the emotional needs of team members so that they in turn may attend to the emotional needs of their patients (clients).

Aim:

To run a pilot program at a large UK veterinary practice to assess the suitability and impact of Schwartz Rounds in this group.

Method:

Data analysis of feedback forms and attendance records from Schwartz Rounds in veterinary practice.

Results:

Over 90% of attendees found that the stories presented were: relevant to their daily work; would help them work better with colleagues; found the group discussion helpful; and had a better understanding of their work. Over 90% planned to attend again and recommend Schwartz Rounds to colleagues.

Conclusions:

The pilot provided sufficient quantitative evidence that Schwartz Rounds increase the wellbeing of practice teams to warrant further investigations.