bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Significance of Production Rates in Reduction of Wax Precipitation and Deposition thickness in a flowline
Authors: Kinate Bright Bariakpoa , Ajienka Joseph Atubokiki , Ikiensikimama Sunday Sunday
Published: March 2022

Investigating wax formation tendencies in flow line for different rates of production will assist in decision making in determining the location of wax formation and point of wax modifiers injection. In this work, experimental and field data of Niger Delta field waxy crude oil samples were modeled and simulated with Multiflash and exported to OLGA software to investigate the wax formation tendencies in flow line. The properties of the waxy crude oil were modeled and characterized in multiflash and exported to OLGA. What if analysis of five case scenarios (Base case (14,000 bbl/day)), Production turndown case (10000 bbl/day and 12000 bbl/day), Production Ramp-up case (16000 bbl/day) and 18000 bbl/day) were run with Rygg, Rydahl, and Ronningsen (RRR) model for 100 days in a 16 inches flow line of 28500 ft length. For crude oil sample 1 with a production rate scenario of 14000 bbl/day (24,176 kg/s), the wax settles at a distance of 15625 ft from the wellhead. For a production rate scenario of 12000 bbl/day, the deposition is 303 ft closer than the base case. For the scenario of a flow rate of 10000 bbl/day, the deposition occurs 2871 ft closer to the base case. For the scenario of a flow rate of 16000 bbl/day the deposition is 4563 ft further from the base case. Meanwhile, for the scenario of a flow rate of 18000 bbl/day, the deposition of 7163 ft is further from the base case condition. Increase in the rate of production for the three crude samples prolong wax precipitation downstream the flow line. In addition, the thickness of wax deposited increases gradually with the production rate and exhibit a comparable relationship with the specific mass of wax. The precipitation rate is not linear with the rate of production and depends on other properties of the crude. Producing waxy crude at a higher rate will minimize wax formation and deposition tendencies in flow line in the field.
Petrography Characteristic of Porphyritic Dacite Rock in Olele Village, Kabila Bone, and Bone Bolango
Authors: Nurrahmah Siti Chusnul Chatimah , Zainuri Ahmad , Kasim Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Porphyritic Dacite volcanic rocks are abundant in Olele Village, Kabila Bone, Bone Bolango. This research aims to determine the petrography characteristics of porphyritic dacite rock in Olele. The methods used in this research were field observation and petrography analysis to determine rock texture, mineral composition, and micro-texture plagioclase. Olele Porphyritic Dacite has a porphyritic texture composed phenocryst of plagioclase, quartz, hornblende, sanidine, opaque mineral, and secondary minerals such as sericite and clay minerals. Rock textures include glomeroporphyritic, seriate, and embayment. The micro-textures in plagioclase are fine oscillatory zoning, synneusis, glomerocryst, fine sieve, coarse sieve, resorption surface, and broken crystal. Magmatic processes that occur in the magma chamber include fractional crystallization, magma injection, magma mixing, convection, adiabatic decompression, syn-eruption decompression, and undercooling. The secondary minerals indicated alteration hydrothermal process.
Miscible Water Alternating Gas CO2 Injection Performance Analysis as Efforts to Improve Oil Recovery Factors in Field CW
Authors: Wahyuningrum Citra , Fathaddin Muhammad Taufiq , Nugrahanti Asri , Omar Esaim Mustafa Abrahim
Published: March 2022

The Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) method aims to increase oil production. One of the EOR methods is CO2 injection. CO2 injection mechanism is by expanding the volume of oil, reducing viscosity, and reducing the mobility ratio. The purpose of the study was to compare the recovery factor gain in the waterflood, Miscible CO2 Continuous injection, and Miscible WAG CO2 injection methods with a three-dimensional simulation methodology using CMG Compositional software in the CW Field. From the CW field, a sectoral model was chosen to be studied, namely the area of the CW-A well and the CW-B well because the two areas have different reservoir conditions. The optimal injection well pattern for the CW-A Well area and the CW-B Well area is Inverted Five Spot. CO2 injection is said to be miscible because the injection pressure and reservoir pressure are above MMP (2800 psi) and mixing occurs between CO2 and oil to form a homogeneous phase. The optimal CW-A (Low Permeability) well area using the 4 PV CO2 Continues Injection scenario (injection rate 31.8 Mscf/d) produces an RF of 61.18%. Optimal CW-B (High Permeability) Well Area using CO2-WAG 2 PV injection scenario in 90 days (3 months) cycle, WAG Ratio 1:3 (injection water rate 20,036.84 bwpd and gas injection rate 33.75 Mscf/d) produces RF of 61.76%.
The Use of Sodium Polyacrylate for Oil-Water Demulsification Process
Authors: Aditya Sekar Melati , Samsol Samsol , Pramadika Havidh , Ridaliani Onnie
Published: March 2022

Oil-water emulsion formation is common in oil fields. The emulsion is a problem which causes an increase in production costs and a decrease in oil quality. Therefore, a demulsifier formulation is needed to overcome these problems. The use of household waste, particularly disposable diapers, is a promising alternative. One of the substances contained in diapers is sodium polyacrylate super absorbent polymer, known as sodium polyacrylate. The substance takes 450 years and 500 years to decompose in the sea and on land. Sodium polyacrylate has inert and hydrophilic properties with the working principle of absorbing and trapping water which is expected to reduce the water content in oil-water emulsions which are mostly produced from old oil wells. In this experiment, diapers were used to separate the emulsion in light crude oil samples which were tested with brine with 20% and 70% salinity at 50oC. Centrifuge was used to speed up the demulsification process within 1 to 3 minutes. It can be concluded that sodium polyacrylate contained in diaper waste can reduce the water content of the emulsion. In addition, the demulsification process by sodium polyacrylae was more stable and higher in brine with a salinity of 70% compared to brine with a salinity of 20%.
PERANCANGAN DAN ANALISIS SISTEM PENDETEKSI INTRUSI BERBASIS NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM (NIDS) PADA SISTEM KEAMANAN JARINGAN KOMPUTER
Authors: Gozali Ferrianto , Setiaji Achmad Lucky
Published: March 2022

Abstract Network intrusion detection system is a system that can detect illegal accesses or intrusions happened in a computer network. Actually, there are many types of intrusion detection systems and the differences are based on how network administrators implement the system to secure the network. In this study, the system called Network Intrusion Detection System or NIDS in brief, is used to design and implement the intrusion detection system in the network model design. Intrusion detection system will utilize the snort application that serves as a sensor and detection server and be implemented in a network model that has been designed previously. The performance of the system is investigated through the monitoring of the use of disk space, memory usage and cpu usage of the system during intrusion detection identification process. Three different intrusion scenarios such as Portscanning, ICMP flooding and SYN flooding is performed to see the effect in the system's performance. During the test, the use of disk space still has not shown any significant use, due to the detection time limit used in this study was too short. However, the difference in memory
PERENCANAAN JARINGAN EVOLUTION DATA OPTIMIZED (EVDO) PADA TELKOM FLEXI AREA JAKARTA
Authors: Candra Henry , Fauzi Muhammad Ikhsan
Published: March 2022

Abstract The development of high-speed data connection and internet in mobile phones technologies is rapidly growing lately. Certain technology that support the growth of mobile data communication is EVDO system. EVDO offers wireless internet technology for data optimization and internet access with high speed data rate and large capacity. This technology also provides a solution for wireless mobile internet with high performance. EVDO can achieve peak data rates up to 2.45 Mbps on the forward link with the use of 1.25 MHz wide spectrum. This paper discusses Network Evolution Data Optimized (EVDO) plan at Telkom Flexi Jakarta. The area of discussion includes traffic prediction, and coverage area to existing BTS CDMA 2000 1x. Based on the prediction, the number of customers in 2015 for the dense urban areas in Central Jakarta will be 150,000 customers, while in the urban area of West Jakarta will reach 60,000 customers and the local urban areas in North Jakarta will have 60,000 subscribers. The offered traffic in dense urban area North Jakarta is 15,170 Kbps/km2, while in urban area of West Jakarta is 17,455 Kbps/km2, and for the urban area in North Jakarta is 13,473 Kbps/km2. Keywords: EVDO, wireless network, internet access.
PENGGUNAAN NON ZERO DISPERSION SHIFTED FIBER PADA TRANSMISI KOMUNIKASI SERAT OPTIK KANAL 40 Gbit/s
Authors: Yuniarti Harumi , S Bambang Cholis
Published: March 2022

Abstract Optical fiber transmission is generally used when the channel capacity (40 Gbit / s). Some of the key factors in achieving successful performance of this system include the implementation of Apol-DPSK modulation technique (Alternate Polarization Return-to-Zero Differential Phase Shift Keying), which accurately able to power up the canal, placement of optical amplifier (repeater) is recommended to increase the transmission range (the average gain for the entire wavelength range, low noise figure) and the use of optical fiber characteristics. To complement performance optical gain is selected fiber types NZDSF (Non-Zero Dispersion shifted fiber), it certainly can provide significant gains at the same time to reduce the widening pulse narrowing occurs due to chromatic dispersion and non-linear fiber effects. Keywords: Apol-RZDPSK, EDFA, RFA, DRA, NZDSF, PMD.
PENGGUNAAN JARINGAN SARAF TIRUAN UNTUK DIAGNOSIS KEGAGALAN PADA ARRESTER ZINC OXIDE G. Riana Naiborhu
Authors: Naiborhu G Riana
Published: March 2022

Abstract Arrester melindungi peralatan gardu terhadap switching dan gelombang surja. Arrester yang rusak dapat membuat sistem tenaga menjadi kegagalan sehingga menyebabkan sistem seluruhnya mati/padam , atau bahkan meledak merusak peralatan lain atau menyakiti orang. Sebuah pemeliharaan yang prediktif secara efisien membantu menghindari masalah seperti ini pada arrester, menunjukkan kebutuhan untuk substitusi arrester ketika kegagalan permanen terdeteksi. Tulisan ini menyajikan serangkaian tes yang dilakukan untuk menghubungkan gambar termal dan kegagalan yang biasa terjadi dalam arrester Zinc Oxide dan pengembangan dari algoritma komputasi yang didasarkan pada teknik kecerdasan buatan untuk menganalisis gambar thermal pada arrester Keywords: Arrester, Jaringan Saraf tiruan, Kegagalan, Pemantauan, Zinc Oxide, Gambar thermal
PERBAIKAN JATUH TEGANGAN PADA FEEDER B KB 31P SETIABUDI JAKARTA DENGAN METODE PECAH BEBAN
Authors: Kasim Ishak , Irianto Chairul Gagarin , Fachrizal Fachrizal
Published: March 2022

Abstract The need for electricity in Indonesia now increases , along with an increase in the number of customers , which is industry and households. With the increasing need for electricity at the moment, the level of reliability of the electrical system becomes very important thing to guarantee the continuity for supply of power to consumers. In this final assignment will be discussed regarding repairs voltage drop at the feeder B KB 31P in Setia Budi Jakarta method breaks the load. Falling voltage on the network is very closely associated with the increasing load on each phase. The magnitude of the voltage and the voltage drop size on feeder network tip B KB 31P will be analysis of data by using two measurements which are in the daytime and night-time before and after a splits load will then be compared to the standard service voltage variations that have been determined by PLN. Keywords: network, intrusion, detection, snort, flooding.
Dewan Redaksi, Daftar Isi dan Editorial
Authors: Julian Engelin Shintadewi
Published: March 2022

Editorial Para penulis dan pembaca JETri yang terhormat, terima kasih atas kepercayaan yang diberikan kepada kami. Pada JETri edisi Februari 2014 disampaikan hasil-hasil penelitian yang sangat bervariasi yaitu tentang perancangan pengkopel hibrid untuk aplikasi altimeter, pemanfaatan Television White Space (TVWS), pemanfaatan Raspberry Pi dalam sistem keamanan, perancangan Voice Operated Exchange (VOX), perancangan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS), perancangan sistem grid pentanahan PLTU, dan pengujian arrester metal-oxide tanpa celah.Terbatasnya sumber daya menyebabkan dilakukannya berbagai upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas. Contoh pertama adalah pemanfaatan Raspberry Pi dalam sistem pengawasan yang dilengkapi dengan pendeteksi gerakan sehingga perekaman hanya terjadi pada saat ada gerakan yang terdeteksi. Contoh lainnya adalah pemanfaatan Voice Operated Exchangepada berbagai peralatan seperti pemancar dan perekam yang dapat menghasilkan penghematan daya karena peralatan baru akan bekerja pada saat mendeteksi suara yang melebihi ambang tertentu. Salah satu upaya untuk efisiensi frekuensi adalah dengan memanfaatkan kanal televisi yang sedang tidak digunakan atau TVWS untuk berbagai keperluan antara lain komunikasi nirkabel dan sistem peringatan dini bencana.Pemanfaatan sumber energi alternatif semakin menjadi perhatian banyak pihak. Salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang ketersediaannya melimpah di Indonesia adalah energi surya. Sayang sekali pada saat ini belum ada standar yang tersedia tentang pembangunan PLTS, oleh sebab itu perlu segera disusun standar pembangunan PLTS. Berbicara masalah kelistrikan, faktor keamanan sangatlah penting antara lain sistem pentanahan untuk menjaga keamanan peralatan dan pekerja di area pembangkit. Selain itu peran arester juga sangat penting oleh karena itu kondisi arester harus dipantau dan segera diganti sebelum tidak berfungsi. Diharapkan hasil-hasil penelitian yang dipublikasikan pada JETri edisi ini dapat memberikan informasi yang bermanfaat bagi para pembaca Jakarta, Februari 2014
PERANCANGAN PENGENDALI PID UNTUK GERAKAN PITCH DAN ROLL PADA QUADCOPTER
Authors: Subrata Rosalia H. , Tarumasely Raymond , Setiawan Calvin D.
Published: March 2022

Recently, Quadcopter is used a lot due to it’s capability to perform difficult movements compared with other type of air craft and also for its capability to take off and land on narrow space vertically.  The Proportional Integral Derivate (PID) Controller is expected to control the Quadcopter’s angle movement pitch and role back to the original position. Design process is conducted by creating a mathematical model of the system to stabilize pitch and roll movement of the Quadcopter and handle other types of disturbance. The parameters of the PID controller are determined by using MATLAB v.13 program through simulation process. The parameters are used as references for Arduino Mega Microcontroller to perform pitch and roll movement of the Quadcopter. By using PID controller coefficient Kp = 0.0316, Ki = 0.05, Kd = 0.26, the controller is able to reduce the oscillation of the system with error rate about two degrees from the input. Quadcopter saat ini banyak digunakan karena mempunyai kemampuan untuk melakukan gerakan yang sulit dilakukan oleh pesawat jenis lain, serta kemampuan untuk terbang dan mendarat secara vertikal di tempat yang sempit. Pengendali Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) untuk gerakan sudut pitch dan roll pada quadcopter ini diharapkan mampu mengembalikan posisi pitch dan roll sesuai dengan referensi yang dimasukkan ketika diberikan dorongan pada quadcopter. Proses perancangan dimulai dengan membuat model matematis sistem terlebih dahulu. Dibutuhkan sebuah sistem pengendali untuk mengatur gerakan sudut pitch dan roll pada quadcopter, sehingga dapat bergerak dengan stabil dan mampu mengatasi gangguan dari luar. Sebagai pengendali gerakan sudut pitch dan roll digunakan pengendali PID, yang parameternya ditentukan dengan program aplikasi MATLAB versi 13. Parameter PID ini diprogram ke mikrokontroler, dalam hal ini digunakan Arduino Mega. Osilasi pada sistem dapat diredam dengan koefisien PID Kp = 0,0316, Ki = 0,05, dan Kd = 0,2. Besarnya error rate sekitar dua derajat dari input yang diberikan.
PENGATURAN ARUS KOMPENSASI UNTUK PEMBEBANAN NONLINIER PADA SISTEM FILTER AKTIF TIGA FASE
Authors: Yuniantoro Indriarto , Wahyudi Rudy S.
Published: March 2022

The nonlinear load connected to a three-phase currents source will cause distortion. In order to reduce the distortion, a three-phase active filter system is used. Reduction is carried by the compensation current. The proportional integral (PI) control is often used to control the compensation current. Development of pulse width modulation rectifiers connected to the PI control can produce a pure sinusoidal current source. Compensating current control is also done by Akagi instantaneous power theory approach. Beban nonlinier yang dihubungkan dengan arus sumber tiga fase akan mengakibatkan distorsi. Untuk dapat mereduksi distorsi tersebut digunakan filter aktif sistem tiga fase. Reduksi dilakukan dengan mengkompensasi arus. Dalam pengaturan arus kompensasi digunakan kendali proporsional integral (PI). Pengembangan kendali PI terhubung penyearah modulasi lebar pulsa (MLP) menghasilkan arus sumber sinusoida murni. Pengendalian arus kompensasi dilakukan juga dengan pendekatan teori daya sesaat Akagi.
SISTEM MONITORING KINERJA PANEL LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Siregar Riki Ruli A. , Wardana Nurfachri , Luqman Luqman
Published: March 2022

Solar module performance monitoring is required to assess its performance under operational condition. This paper presents a new technique for real time monitoring i.e. current, voltage, and dust density. To be able to monitor those three aspects, the design of solar module performance monitoring model is equipped by current, voltage and dust density calibrated sensors, web integrated application by internet for data communication and database for data storage.  This Arduino Uno microcontroller based system design is connected to the computer through ESP8266 Wi-Fi module with UART communication and UDP method. The advantage of using this new monitoring technique is the result of every sensor can be processed automatically and monitored from a long distance with the use of internet. Information about voltage and electrical current from the solar power plant that has been accumulated in real time can be processed with Excel document from the database. This facility makes it easier to process the real time accumulated data for further use. Pemantauan terhadap performa panel surya sangat perlu dilakukan untuk menilai kinerja sebuah panel surya pada kondisi lingkungan yang nyata. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan suatu teknik baru pemantauan secara langsung dan real time untuk arus, tegangan, dan kualitas udara. Untuk memenuhi keperluan tersebut, sistem monitoring performa panel surya yang dirancang dilengkapi dengan sensor pengukur arus, tegangan dan kualitas udara yang telah dikalibrasi, sistem pengirim data dengan menggunakan internet yang diintegrasikan ke web aplikasi dan database sebagai penyimpan data. Perancangan sistem berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Uno ini dihubungkan ke komputer melalui modul Wi-Fi ESP8266 dengan komunikasi UART dan metode pengiriman UDP. Hasil dari sistem monitoring ini adalah pengukuran dari setiap sensor dapat diproses secara langsung dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk grafik pada kondisi real time serta dapat memonitor performa tersebut secara jarak jauh atau melalui internet. Informasi mengenai tegangan dan arus dari panel surya yang dikumpulkan pada kondisi real time dapat diperoleh langsung melalui dokumen Excel yang datanya didapatkan dari database. Fasilitas ini memberikan kemudahan untuk pengolahan data selanjutnya.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PARKIR DENGAN REKOMENDASI LOKASI PARKIR
Authors: Zulkarnain Dikki , Julian Engelin Shintadewi
Published: March 2022

Vehicle parking is an absolute thing that is needed in public places or public facilities. Finding a parking spot becomes difficult in big cities, especially during rush hour. Parking system that already exists in several cities in Indonesia can provide information of the availability of parking at the entrance. However, this system is still not helping enough for the driver, they still need to find their own parking spot that is time consuming and can lead to jam or stuck in the parking area. In this study, a parking system with recommended parking location has been designed. Driver will receive printout of parking ticket from a thermal printer that contain the closest parking location to the entrance of the building or facility. From the results of tests performed, it has generated a parking system that can provide recommendations parking location by checking the order using microcontroller program. Each parking location equipped with parking sensors to detect the presence of vehicles. At the entrance, seven segment display provides information of the number of available parking slot. Keywords: microcontroller, parking location recommendation, parking sensor Tempat parkir kendaraan merupakan hal mutlak yang sangat dibutuhkan di tempat-tempat umum atau fasilitas publik. Menemukan tempat parkir kosong menjadi hal yang sulit di kota-kota besar terutama pada jam sibuk. Sistem parkir yang sudah ada di beberapa kota besar di Indonesia dapat memberikan informasi ketersediaan tempat parkir di pintu masuk. Namun sistem ini dirasa masih kurang membantu karena pengemudi masih harus mencari tempat parkir sendiri sehingga menghabiskan waktu dan dapat menimbulkan kemacetan di area parkir. Dalam penelitian ini dirancang sistem parkir dengan rekomendasi lokasi parkir. Pengendara akan penerima printout tiket dari printer termal yang bertuliskan lokasi parkir yang disarankan yaitu yang terdekat dengan pintu masuk bangunan atau fasilitas. Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan, telah dihasilkan sistem parkir yang dapat memberikan rekomendasi lokasi parkir berdasarkan pengecekan urutan oleh program mikrokontroler. Di setiap lokasi parkir terdapat sensor untuk mendeteksi keberadaan kendaraan. Di bagian pintu masuk, tampilan seven segment memberikan informasi jumlah parkir yang tersedia.  Kata kunci: mikrokontroler, rekomendasi lokasi parkir, sensor parkir
SWEEP FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS UNTUK ANALISIS AWAL GANGGUAN MEKANIS PADA TRANSFORMATOR DISTRIBUSI
Authors: Fathoni Dimas , Irianto Chairul Gagarin
Published: March 2022

Sweep Frequency Response Analysis (SFRA) is a sensitive diagnosis technique to detect and to find out changes in the characteristic of distribution transformer winding by injecting low voltage at the specified frequency range. The changes can be due to electrical damage or mechanical disturbance such as during transportation, earth quake, and short circuit. Disturbances that can be detected are the transformer core damage, winding shift, and deformation of the transformer winding. The SFRA test method being used here is to compare bushing distance which is implemented by the frequency versus magnitude curve. The test is done using D-YN5 distribution transformer with 315 kVA capacity located at     PT PLN Kebun Jeruk Area. The test results showed that for normal condition with relative value, the R-LF value is 2.76 > 2, R-MF is 3.89 > 1, R-HF is 1.73 > 0.6 and for mild disruption condition the R-LF value is 0.6 < 0.79 < 1, R-MF is 0.6 < 0.61 < 1, R-HF is   1.03 > 0.6  which meet  the reference standard DL/T 911-2004. Keywords: Sweep Frequency Response Analysis, transformer deformation, SFRA testAnalisis Respons Frekuensi Penyapuan atau Sweep Frequency Response Analysis (SFRA) adalah teknik diagnosis yang sensitif untuk mendeteksi atau mengetahui perubahan karakteristik kumparan transformator distribusi dengan menginjeksi tegangan rendah pada rentang frekuensi yang ditentukan. Perubahan karakteristik tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh kerusakan kelistrikan atau gangguan mekanis seperti kerusakan pada saat transportasi pengiriman, gempa bumi, dan hubung singkat. Jenis gangguan yang dapat dideteksi adalah kerusakan pada inti transformator, pergeseran kumparan, dan perubahan bentuk kumparan (deformasi) transformator. Metode pengujian Analisis Respons Frekuensi Penyapuan yang dipergunakan disini adalah dengan melakukan perbandingan antara jarak kaki-kaki antar bushing yang diimplementasikan dalam bentuk kurva hubungan antara frekuensi dan magnitudo. Pengujian dilakukan pada satu jenis transformator distribusi D-YN5 dengan kapasitas daya 315 kVA yang berlokasi di PT PLN Area Kebon Jeruk. Dari hasil pengujian untuk kondisi normal dengan nilai relatif didapat R-LF bernilai 2,76 > 2, R-MF 3,89 > 1, R-HF 1,73 > 0,6 dan untuk kondisi tingkat gangguan ringan didapat R-LF bernilai 0,6 < 0,79 < 1, R-MF 0,6 < 0,61 < 1, R-HF 1,03 > 0,6 yang sesuai dengan acuan standar DL/T 911-2004. Kata kunci: Analisis Respons Frekuensi Penyapuan, deformasi transformator, pengujian SFRA
RANGKAIAN PENGATUR ALIRAN CAIRAN INFUS BERBASIS ATMEGA 8535
Authors: Amelia Amanda , Prawiroredjo Kiki
Published: March 2022

Automatic Infusion Fluid Flow Regulator circuit Based on ATMEGA 8535 is a tool that  changes the flow of infusion fluid from the first tube to the second tube when the  fluid in the first tube has been exhausted. This tool equips with a regulator to control the number of droplets per minute from infusion fluids. The circuit consist of  Light Emitting Diode (LED),  infrared photodiode sensors, push buttons,  two seven segments, two DC motors, and  a microcontroller ATMEGA 8535 . The microcontroller processes the number of droplets and displays on  seven segments, adjusts the position of the motor that drives the clamp of rubber tube from the infusion tube and  detects the level of infusion fluid in the tube to close or open the flow of the fluid. After the tool is assembled and tested, the circuit has been run according  to the design. Two seven segments display the number from 10 to 20 drops per minute. Sensor detects the presence or absence of liquid in the tube.  DC motor  clamps the rubber tube from the infusion tube in accordance with the required droplets and change the flow of rubber tube from the first infusion tube to the second infusion tube if the fluid from the first tube has run out. Rangkaian Pengatur Aliran Cairan Infus Otomatis Berbasis ATMEGA 8535 adalah sebuah alat yang dapat mengganti aliran cairan infus dari tabung pertama ke tabung kedua apabila cairan pada tabung infus pertama telah habis. Alat ini  dilengkapi dengan pengatur jumlah tetesan cairan infus per menit. Komponen pembentuk rangkaian terdiri dari sensor photodioa infrared, tombol tekan, seven segment, motor DC, dan mikrokontroller ATMEGA 8535. Mikrokontroler berfungsi sebagai pemproses jumlah tetesan yang ingin ditampilkan pada seven segment,  mengatur posisi motor yang menggerakkan klem infus dan mendeteksi tinggi cairan pada tabung tetes untuk menutup atau membuka selang infus. Sesudah alat ini dirangkai dan diuji, rangkaian telah berjalan sesuai dengan rancangan yang dibuat. Dua seven segment menampilkan jumlah tetesan infus yaitu dari 10 sampai 20 tetes per menit. Sensor dapat mendeteksi ada tidaknya cairan pada tabung tetes. Motor DC menjepit sesuai dengan tetesan yang dibutuhkan dan dapat mengganti aliran cairan infus dari tabung pertama ke tabung ke dua bila cairan pada tabung pertama telah habis.
PEMBATASAN TRANSFER DAYA MAKSIMUM DAN PEMASANGAN KAPASITOR UNTUK STABILISASI TEGANGAN
Authors: Irdha Qeis , Sukmawidjaja Maula
Published: March 2022

This article discusses about the maximum power transfer limitation and capacitor installation to maintain voltage stability at South and Central Kalimantan 150 kV Substation, so that the voltage stability can be maintained and voltage collapse can be anticipated. Based on analysis result using power and voltages relation curve, the system is still in a reliable condition. At off-peak times, Bangkanai substation will collapse when power transfer reaches 138.079 MW, while Cempaka and Trisakti  substation can attain until they reach 175.392 MW and 171.576 MW respectively. Simulation result, using DIgSILENT software shows,  at peak load, Bangkanai, Cempaka and  Trisakti  substation  will  collapse  when  the power transfer reach 214.430 MW, 175.966 MW and 171.576 MW respectively.  When Cempaka substation reaches the maximum power transfer,  the capacitor which has 49.92 MVAR reactive power was installed and  the voltage of that substation was improved from 0.958 pu to 0.980 pu. Key Words : voltage stability, drop voltage, voltage collapse, DIgSILENT, locus of critical operation point.  ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas tentang pembatasan transfer daya maksimum dan pemasangan kapasitor untuk menjaga stabilitas tegangan pada GI 150 kV di Kalimantan Selatan dan Tengah sehingga stabilitas tegangan dapat dijaga dan runtuh tegangan dapat diantisipasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan kurva hubungan daya dan tegangan, sistem masih dalam kondisi yang handal. Di luar  waktu  beban  puncak, GI  Bangkanai  runtuh  ketika transfer daya mencapai 138,079 MW, sedangkan GI Cempaka dan GI Trisakti runtuh ketika transfer daya mencapai masing-masing  175,392 MW dan 168,572 MW. Hasil simulasi menggunakan software DIgSILENT, ketika waktu beban puncak, GI Bangkanai , GI Cempaka  dan  GI  Trisakti  masing-masing  runtuh  ketika  transfer  daya  mencapai 214,430 MW, 175,966 MW, dan 171,576 MW.  Ketika GI Cempaka mencapai transfer daya maksimumnya, dilakukan pemasangan kapasitor  yang memiliki  daya  reaktif  sebesar  49,92 MVAR. dan tegangan pada GI tersebut membaik dari 0,958 pu menjadi 0,980 pu.Kata kunci:  stabilitas tegangan, jatuh tegangan, runtuh tegangan, DIgSILENT,  titik operasi kritis.
DETEKSI GULA DARAH MELALUI GAS BUANG PERNAFASAN MENGGUNAKAN JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN BACKPROPAGATION
Authors: Yahya Mochtar , Haddin Muhamad , Susila Eka Nuryanto Budi
Published: March 2022

In general, blood glucose level test is conducted using urine and glucometer test by pricking the fingertips of the patients using needle. TGS 822 and MQ 138 gas sensor systems can be used to detect Acetone and Alcohol compounds from the oral cavities of a person which are correlated with blood glucose levels in the body. This study used MQ 138 and TGS 822 gas sensors to detect acetone levels, which were classified using backpropagation artificial neural network. The training with 60 samples and testing on 7 respondents indicates that TGS 822 and MQ 138 gas sensor could detect the blood glucose level with average detection accuracy of 96,53% by considering the temperature and humidity.  The average deviation is 3,47 % compared to glucometer. Keywords: Gas sensor, respiratory gas, blood glucose level, Backpropagation Tes kadar gula darah pada umumnya dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes urin dan glukometer dengan menusuk ujung jari pasien menggunakan jarum. Sistem sensor gas TGS 822 dan MQ 138 dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi senyawa Aseton dan Alkohol dari rongga mulut seseorang yang berkorelasi dengan kadar gula darah dalam tubuh. Penelitian ini menggunakan sensor gas MQ 138 dan TGS 822 untuk mendeteksi kadar aseton, yang diklasifikasikan menggunakan jaringan syaraf tiruan backpropagation. Pelatihan dengan menggunakan 60 sampel dan pengujian pada 7 responden menunjukkan bahwa sensor gas TGS 822 dan MQ 138 mampu mendeteksi kadar gula darah dengan akurasi deteksi rata-rata 96,53% dengan memperhatikan suhu dan kelembaban. Deviasi rata-rata 3,47 % dibandingkan dengan glukometer.Kata kunci: Sensor gas, gas pernafasan, kadar glukosa darah, Backpropagation.
FLOWER POLLINATION ALGORITHM UNTUK OPTIMASI PENGENDALI PID PADA PENGENDALIAN KECEPATAN MOTOR INDUKSI
Authors: Djalal Muhammad Ruswandi , Yunus Muhammad Yusuf , Imran Andi , Setiadi Herlambang
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe use of Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller in induction motors is becoming more and more popular, because of its simple structure. PID controller requires proper parameter setting for optimal performance on the induction motor. The most commonly used method is by trial and error  to determine parameters of the PID controller, but the results obtained are not optimal and incorrect PID controller’s parameters will damage the system. For that reason, in this research it will be shown one of PID parameters tuning method by using Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) to optimize and determine the exact parameters of the PID. FPA is a method that is being adapted and applied as a smart algorithm to solve optimization problem. The PID parameters tuning in this study  gives results that the value of kp, ki and kd are  0.4213, 0.2337 and 0.027 respectively. As a comparison, this study has also used Firefly, Cuckoo Search, Particle Swarm, Imperialist Competitive, Ant Colony, Differential Evolution, and Bat method. The FPA method can well tune the PID parameters, so that the resulting overshoot is very small in comparison with the other methods, it is  at 1,019 from the set point.  Compared with other methods, the settling time is also very fast, that is  0.3second. Keywords: PID, FPA, Bee-Colony, Cuckoo, Firefly ABSTRAKPenggunaan pengendali Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) pada motor induksi menjadi semakin populer, karena strukturnya yang sederhana. Pengendali PID memerlukan pengaturan parameter yang tepat untuk kinerja optimal pada motor induksi. Metode yang paling umum digunakan adalah dengan metode trial and  error untuk menentukan parameter pengendali PID, namun hasil yang didapat tidak optimal dan parameter pengendali PID yang tidak tepat akan merusak sistem. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini, diperlihatkan  salah satu metode penalaan parameter PID dengan menggunakan metode Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) untuk mengoptimalkan dan menentukan parameter PID yang tepat. FPA adalah salah satu metode yang diadaptasi dan diterapkan sebagai algoritma cerdas untuk mengatasi masalah optimasi. Hasil penalaan yang diperoleh adalah nilai kp,   k i, dan kd masing-masing  sebesar  0,4213, 0,2337, dan 0,0274. Sebagai perbandingan, penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode Firefly, Cuckoo Search, Particle Swarm, Imperialist Competitive, Ant Colony, Diferential Evolution, dan metode Bat. Metode FPA dapat menala parameter PID  sehingga overshoot yang dihasilkan sangat kecil dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya yaitu sebesar1,019 terhadap  set point. Waktu settling yang diperoleh juga sangat cepat dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya. yaitu 0,3 detik. Kata kunci: PID, FPA, Bee-Colony, Cuckoo, Firefly
KAJIAN KEBIJAKAN TARIF SEWA KANAL MULTIPLEXING PADA PENYELENGGARAAN TELEVISI DIGITAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wijayapraja R Deiny Mardian , Widiastuty Woro Indah , Susila Tjandra
Published: March 2022

Tariff regulation is essential to secure a competitive business. In digital television broadcasting, the multiplexing broadcast channel leasing tariff will greatly affect the competition between content or program service provider and multiplexing providers. Information about  competitions in digital television, especially in provision of digital television multiplexing infrastructure is needed. This research is conducted non only technically, but also from the point of view of regulation and business.  Regulatory analysis is carried out by referring to the implementation of existing regulation of digital television broadcasting in Indonesia and in other countries. In technical analysis, the technical calculations of deployment of the multiplexing infrastructure in service area is analized., The business analysis compared the ability of the purchasing power of the broadcasting content or program service provider with the  multiplexing channel leasing fare using various technical configurations. The tariff analysi focused on the possibility of appliying the upper and lower limit of the fare policies as well as the possibilities of the implementation of subsidized policies for the deployment of multiplexing infrastructure in a non economic areas. Keywords: digital television, regulation, tariff, broadcast, channel  ABSTRAK Regulasi tarif sangat penting dalam mengawal suatu bisnis yang kompetitif. Dalam bidang penyiaran televisi digital, tarif sewa saluran siaran multiplexing akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap kompetisi yang terjadi antara penyedia konten dan antar penyelenggara multiplexing sendiri. Informasi mengenai kompetisi di bidang televisi digital, terutama pada penyediaan infrastruktur multiplexing televisi digital sangat diperlukan. Untuk itu dalam penelitian ini dilakukan kajian baik secara regulasi, teknis dan bisnis. Analisis regulasi dilakukan dengan mengacu kepada regulasi  penyelenggaraan televisi digital yang sudah ada di Indonesia maupun di negara lain. Pada analisis teknis akan dibahas tentang perhitungan teknis penyelenggaraan infrastruktur multiplexing di wilayah pelayanan dan pada analisis bisnis akan dibandingkan kemampuan daya beli penyelengara konten terhadap tarif sewa saluran multiplexing dengan menggunakan berbagai konfigurasi teknis. Dalam analisis tarif, yang menjadi fokus adalah kemungkinan penerapan kebijakan tarif batas atas dan batas bawah, serta kemungkinan penerapan kebijakan subsidi untuk penyelenggaraan infrastruktur multiplexing di daerah nonekonomis.  Kata kunci: televisi digital, regulasi, tarif, penyiaran, saluran multiplexing
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENTANAHAN GAS INSULATED SWITCHGEAR 150KV PULOGADUNG DENGAN FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Kamal Jamaluddin , Abduh Syamsir
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research is to design Grid-Rod earthing system on Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) 150 kV Pulogadung based on IEEE Std. 80-2000. IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding uses Finite Element Method (FEM) to secure  people and equipment around substation. By changing some configurations based on initial design, the section I grid size that will be applied are 7 x 4 meters with the number of parallel conductor in its length and width’s side are nx= 7 and ny= 10. The section II grid size are, 7 x 7 meters with the number of parallel conductor in its length and width’s side are nx= 3 dan ny= 5. Grid depth is  0.8 meters from the ground surface and the number of 3 meters earthing rod used are 14 pieces. This design results for grounding resistance is 0.112 Ohm, touch voltage is 642.5 Volts and step voltage is 433.8 Volts which have met the safety standard of IEEE Std. 80-2000. Keywords: Finite Element Method, grounding system, substation Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem pentanahan Grid-Rod pada Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) 150 kV Pulogadung berdasarkan IEEE Std. 80-2000. IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding menggunakan Finite Element Method (FEM) untuk mengamankan peralatan dan orang yang ada di sekitar gardu induk. Dengan mengubah beberapa konfigurasi berdasarkan rancangan awal, sistem pentanahan Grid-Rod yang memenuhi standar aman adalah dengan ukuran grid bagian I sebesar 7 x 4 meter dengan jumlah konduktor paralel pada sisi panjang dan lebarnya adalah nx= 7 dan ny= 10 dan grid bagian II sebesar 7 x 7 meter dengan jumlah konduktor paralel pada sisi panjang dan lebarnya adalah nx= 3 dan ny= 5. Konduktor ditanam sedalam 0,8 meter dari permukaan tanah dan jumlah batang pentanahan dengan panjang 3 meter yang digunakan sebanyak 14 buah. Desain ini menghasilkan nilai tahanan pentanahan sebesar 0,112 Ohm, tegangan sentuh sebesar 642,5 Volt dan tegangan langkah sebesar 433,8 Volt dimana telah memenuhi standar aman IEEE Std. 80-2000.  Kata kunci: Finite Element Method, sistem pentanahan, gardu induk
ANALISIS INTERFERENSI WIRELESS INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION DENGAN INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM PADA FREKUENSI 5855 MHZ
Authors: Chen Kristianto , Sari Lydia
Published: March 2022

Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) aims to improve the transportation system based on electronics, computer and telecommunication technologies availabe today. ITS offers information to users and operators of vehicles to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the transport system. In the proximity of the frequency range used by ITS, another system called Wireless Industrial Application (WIA) is present. WIA is typically used for communication and automation purposes in industrial sites. While ITS uses the 5855-5875 MHz frequency band, WIA uses the 5725-5875 MHz band.  Analysis for the 5855-5875 MHz band is mandatory to map the potential interference between the two systems. Analysis is done using Minimum Coupling Loss (MCL) method, the output of which is used as the input for simulations done using Engineering Advance Monte Carlo Analysis Tool (SEAMCAT).  Simulation results show that there is potential interference between the two systems, with variable levels with respect to the separation distance between the two systems, the interfering transmitter power, and the bandwidth of the interfering system.Keywords: ITS, WIA, interference, MCL, SEAMCAT Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) merupakan penerapan teknologi maju di bidang elektronika, komputer, dan telekomunikasi yang memiliki prinsip manajemen strategi untuk meningkatkan fungsi transportasi secara keseluruhan. Sistem ini mampu memberikan informasi kepada pemilik barang atau penumpang serta operator angkutan sedemikian sehingga proses transportasi dapat berjalan secara efektif dan efisien. Pada rentang pita frekuensi yang berdekatan dengan ITS terdapat juga Wireless Industrial Applications (WIA). WIA merupakan jaringan nirkabel yang biasanya terdapat di lingkungan industri. ITS bekerja pada pita frekuensi 5855-5875 MHz dan WIA berada pada rentang frekuensi 5725-5875 MHz. Analisis pada rentang frekuensi 5855-5875 MHz perlu dilakukan untuk memetakan potensi interferensi antar kedua sistem. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode Minimum Coupling Loss (MCL) yang kemudian disimulasikan dengan perangkat lunak Engineering Advance Monte Carlo Analysis Tool (SEAMCAT). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan adanya potensi interferensi antara kedua sistem tersebut, dengan tingkatan yang bervariasi tergantung pada jarak pemisah antar sistem, daya pancar sistem penginterferensi, dan bandwidth sistem penginterferensi. Kata kunci: ITS, WIA, interferensi, MCL, SEAMCAT
APLIKASI KOMUNIKASI CAHAYA TAMPAK BERBASIS ARDUINO NANO UNTUK MENAMPILKAN JENIS BARANG PADA TOKO SWALAYAN
Authors: Rangga Arief Aditya , Prawiroredjo Kiki
Published: March 2022

Visible light communication can be used to display information of goods on a shelf in supermarket, so customers can find goods easily. The transmitter transmits LED’s light to receivers when the receiver is located under the transmitter. Photodiode is used in the receiver circuit to receive the signal emitted by the LED. The signal received by the photodiode is processed by the Arduino Nano board to distinguish the code from each transmitter circuit. Each code represents content information on a particular shelf. The output of Arduino Nano board is connected to an LCD that display information of goods, brands and certain product discounts. The information of goods, brands and discounts entered manually by a keypad in the receiver circuit by an operator. From the test results, it can be shown that this system can display goods type information and discount of a product with maximum distance between the transmitter circuit and receiver circuit as far as 2.7 meters and the incidence angle of 1.3° at a distance of 2.2 meters.Keywords: visible light communication, Arduino Nano, LED, photodiode Komunikasi cahaya tampak dapat digunakan untuk menampilkan informasi jenis barang di toko swalayan sehingga pelanggan dapat menemukan barang dengan mudah. Rangkaian pemancar memancarkan cahaya dari LED ke penerima bila rangkaian penerima berada di bawah rangkaian pemancar. Fotodiode digunakan pada rangkaian penerima untuk menerima sinyal yang dipancarkan oleh LED. Sinyal yang telah diterima oleh fotodiode diproses oleh board Arduino Nano untuk membedakan kode dari tiap rangkaian pemancar. Tiap kode mewakili informasi isi barang pada rak tertentu. Output dari board Arduino Nano berupa informasi jenis barang, merek, dan diskon produk tertentu ditampilkan pada LCD. Adapun informasi jenis barang, merek dagang, dan diskon dimasukkan secara manual dengan menggunakan keypad yang terdapat pada rangkaian penerima oleh operator. Melalui pengujian yang telah dilakukan dapat ditunjukkan bahwa sistem ini dapat menampilkan informasi jenis barang dan diskon suatu produk pada jarak maksimum antara rangkaian pemancar dengan rangkaian penerima sejauh 2,7 meter dan sudut datang sebesar 1,3° pada jarak 2,2 meter.Kata kunci: komunikasi cahaya tampak, Arduino Nano, LED, fotodiode.
DESAIN OPTIMAL KONTROLER PROPORSIONAL INTEGRAL MOTOR DC MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITME PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Asri Andarini , Djalal Muhammad Ruswandi , Rahmat Rahmat
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we propose a method to control DC motors using Proportional-Integral (PI), in which PI parameters are determined using the intelligent Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. PSO tuning are done using PSIM software, with 5 swarm used to find effective parameters Kp and Ki. The value of Kp is 1.447, and Ki is 4.271. Using three parameters that is overshoot, rise time, and settling time, it can be concluded that PSO is better and faster than Ziegler Nichols method. With setting speed value 1000 rpm, overshoot using Ziegler Nichols method reach 1200 rpm whereas for the PSO only up to 1000 rpm. The rise time of PSO is better than Ziegler Nichols because the rise time is smaller. Settling time of PSO is less than or faster than Ziegler Nichols. The overall results show that PSO gives a better speed response than Ziegler Nichols method.Keywords: Particle Swarm Optimization, Proportional-Integral, Ziegler-Nichols, settling time, rise timeDalam penelitian ini diusulkan satu metode untuk mengatur kecepatan motor DC dengan kontroler Proporsional-Integral (PI) di mana parameter PI diperoleh dengan menggunakan algoritme cerdas Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Penalaan PSO dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak PSIM, dengan 5 swarm digunakan untuk mengetahui parameter Kp dan Ki yang efektif. Dari hasil simulasi diperoleh nilai Kp sebesar 1,447 dan Ki sebesar 4,271. Bila menggunakan tiga parameter penilaian yaitu overshoot, risetime, dan settling time, dapat disimpulkan bahwa PSO lebih baik dan lebih cepat dari pada metode Ziegler Nichols. Pada setting kecepatan 1000 rpm, overshoot pada metode Ziegler Nichols mencapai 1200 rpm, sedangkan pada PSO hanya sampai 1000 rpm. Rise time pada PSO lebih baik dari pada Ziegler Nichols karena nilainya lebih kecil. Settling time pada PSO membutuhkan waktu lebih sedikit atau lebih cepat dari Ziegler Nichols. Dari hasil keseluruhan diperoleh respons kecepatan dengan metode PSO lebih baik dibandingkan dengan metode Ziegler Nichols.Kata kunci: Particle Swarm Optimization, Proporsional-Integral, Ziegler-Nichols, settling time, rise time
Indeks Volume 17 Nomor 2, Februari 2020
Authors: Djuana Endang
Published: March 2022

Indeks Volume 17 Nomor 2, Februari 2020 It is a Complete Index for Volume 17 Number 2, February 2020 (Editorial use only)