bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9883: Outcomes of Cardiac Arrest Hospitalizations in Obese Patients with vs. without Prior Bariatric Surgery Status: A Nationwide Propensity-Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Gandhi Zainab J , Jnaneswaran Geethu , Raju Athul Raj , Sultan Waleed , Agarwal Charu , Mudgal Gaurav , Varughese Vivek Joseph , Ravalani Abhimanyu , Desai Rupak
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Prior bariatric surgery (PBS) in obese patients curtail the risk of future cardiovascular diseases, but its role in outcomes of obese patients developing new acute cardiac events remains largely unknown. We assessed the outcomes of cardiac arrest (CA) by the effect of bariatric surgery on obese patients.

Methods:
Hospitalizations among adult obese patients with CA were identified using the National Inpatient Sample (2015October-2017). Propensity-matched analysis (1:1) was performed for sociodemographic/hospital characteristics to identify two cohorts, with (PBS+) or without (PBS-) status. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality and the secondary endpoint was healthcare resource utilization.

Results:
Propensity matched obese cohorts admitted for CA, PBS+ vs PBS- (n=1275 each), had patients with comparable age (mean 58 years), with a higher frequency of white (>70%), females (>60%), and Medicare enrollees (>40%). PBS+ cohort had lower rates of diabetes (27.8% vs 36.1%), hyperlipidemia (33.7% vs 48.6%), renal failure (17.3% vs 22.0%), chronic pulmonary disease (11.8% vs 21.2%) and higher rates of anemias (18.4% vs 12.2%), liver disease (5.1% vs 2.4%) and alcohol abuse (6.7% vs 2.4%) vs. PBS- cohort (p<0.05). Despite a lower burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in the PBS+ group, there was no significant difference in all-cause mortality (46.3% vs 45.1%, p=0.551) between the two cohorts
(Table 1)
. The PBS+ cohort was less often transferred routinely and had a shorter hospital stay with equivalent hospital charges compared to the PBS- cohort (p<0.001).

Conclusions:
This propensity-matched analysis showed that the prior bariatric surgery status (irrespective of timeframe) did not improve the survival in CA admissions among obese patients. Preventive strides are warranted to control persistent CVD risk factors that could hinder the benefits of surgery in obese patients and worsen outcomes of future cardiac events.
Abstract 9903: CT Number Predicts Calcium Thickness in Optical Coherence Tomography Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Kurogi Kazumasa , Ishii Masanobu , ikebe sou , Kaichi Ryota , Mori Takayuki , Komaki Soichi , Yamamoto Nobuyasu , Arima Yuichiro , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Kaikita Koichi , Matsushita Kenichi , Tsujita Kenichi
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can assess calcium thickness, which is the key factor for predicting good stent expansion in calcified lesions. However, OCT can underestimate coronary calcium severity due to its penetration limitation and lipid accumulation while multi-slice computed tomography (CT) allows for a noninvasive assessment of coronary calcification. This study aimed to compare cross-sectional CT and OCT images for the assessment of calcification.

Methods and Results:
We investigated 33 lesions using coronary CT and OCT for the assessment of calcification. Of the 33 lesions, 211 regions of interest were set every 30 degrees in both the CT and OCT cross-sectional images. In 88 (41.7%) regions of interest with CT-detected calcium, the thickness of calcium was not detectable in the corresponding OCT image due to limited penetration, lipid attenuation, and guidewire artifact. There was an excellent correlation between CT number and thickness of calcium in the corresponding OCT image (R=0.797, P<0.001). Receiver-operator curve analysis also showed fair discrimination between calcium thickness less than 500 μm and 500 μm or higher at a CT number of 1021 HU.

Conclusions:
Cross-sectional CT imaging could complement the underestimation of calcium severity in OCT-guided PCI, predicting the calcium thickness by CT number.
Abstract 9912: A Case of Left Ventricle Non-Compaction in an Asymptomatic Athlete
Authors: Echeverry Tatiana , Mehan Shivalika , Weinrauch Michael
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Left ventricle non-compaction (LVNC) is defined as a primary genetic cardiomyopathy by the American Heart Association and as an unclassified cardiomyopathy by the European Society of Cardiology. Phenotypically, it is characterized by prominent trabeculations and intertrabecular recesses in the ventricular cavity. The clinical manifestations of LVNC range from an asymptomatic state to progressive heart failure and life-threatening arrhythmias. The following case highlights an athletic patient with LVNC.

Case Presentation:
A 22-year-old male presented to the cardiology clinic for evaluation prior to enrolling in the police academy. At age 15, an echo revealed prominent trabeculations. The patient has been a competitive soccer player since high school. Upon presentation, he was asymptomatic with non-specific T wave changes noted on ECG, stress echocardiography revealed preserved functional capacity, prominent trabeculations, and EF 55%. No arrhythmias were noted. CMR revealed a hyper-trabeculated LV predominantly at the mid-ventricular and apical segments, moderate left and right ventricular enlargement with EF 55%. No LGE enhancement was noted.

Discussion:
LVNC is estimated to affect 8-12 patients per 1 million annually, but the actual number is likely higher as many individuals are asymptomatic. Although the cause of LVNC is unclear, it has been associated with mutations in sarcomere encoding genes including MYH7 and MYBPC3. It remains controversial whether LVNC is a distinct disorder since it has been reported in other cardiomyopathies and since it has been reported in pregnancy and trained athletes. The current diagnostic criteria for LVNC include a ratio of non-compacted to compacted myocardium >2.1:1 as demonstrated by echo or a ratio of >2.3:1 by CMR. However, it has been proposed that trabeculation formation represents a physiological adaptation to increased loading conditions seen in pregnancy and vigorously trained athletes. Therefore, it remains unclear whether the current diagnostic criteria apply to an athletic population. Furthermore, the prognostic implications of prominent trabeculations meeting accepted diagnostic criteria for LVNC remain uncertain.
Abstract 9923: Global Circumferential Strain and Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Myocarditis Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Silva Thiago Q , Awadalla Magid , Hassan Malek , Zafar Amna , Drobni Zsofia , Gongora Carlos , Mahmood Syed S , Zhang Lili , Chen Carol , EDERHY Stephane , Barac Ana , Jones-O'Connor Maeve , Murphy Sean , Coelho-filho Otavio R , Rizvi Muhammad A , SAHNI GAGAN , Mandawat Anant , Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti G , Hartmann Sarah , Gilman Hannah , Zatarain-Nicolás Eduardo , Mahmoudi Michael , Gupta Dipti , Michel Caroline , Mansilla Ana Gonzalez , Calles Antonio , Cabral Marcella , Fernandez-Aviles Francisco , Gavira Juan Jose , Gonzalez Nahikari S , Castro Manuel Garcia Y , Afilalo Jonathan , Sullivan Ryan , Ganatra Sarju , Zlotoff Daniel , Yang Eric , heinzerling lucie , Thuny Franck , Zubiri Leyre , Reynolds Kerry , Lyon Alexander , Nohria Anju , Fradley Michael , Thavendiranathan Paaladinesh , Neilan Tomas
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Myocarditis is a rare but highly morbid complication of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) use. Improved methods for detection and risk stratification are needed. Cytotoxic chemotherapy associates with reduced global circumferential strain (GCS) but no data is available on the utility of GCS in ICI myocarditis.

Hypothesis:
We hypothesized that GCS by echocardiography would be reduced in ICI myocarditis and the magnitude of reduction would have prognostic implications.

Methods:
In this retrospective cohort, GCS from 75 patients with ICI myocarditis (cases) and 49 ICI treated patients without myocarditis (controls) was compared. Pre-ICI GCS values were available for 10 cases and 39 controls. Measurements were performed by a reader blinded to group and time (TomTec, Germany). Major adverse cardiac event was defined as a composite of cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, complete heart block, and cardiac death.

Results:
Cases and controls had similar age (66±15 vs. 63±12 years; p=0.19), sex (male: 55% vs. 66%; p=0.22) and cancer type (p=0.08). Pre-ICI GCS values were lower in cases (n=10) than in controls (n=39) (-21.7±2.0 vs. -23.5±2.9, p=0.04), but within normal range. Overall, 56% (n=42) of cases had left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >50% at presentation. The GCS was lower in cases than in controls (-17.5±4.2 vs. -23.5±3.0, p<0.001) in the entire cohort and in both preserved (-19.7±3.8 vs. -23.6±3.0, p<0.001) and reduced EF (-14.6±2.7 vs. -20.9±2.3, p<0.001) strata. Over a median follow-up of 30 days, 28 events occurred. An absolute GCS value < the median (17.1%) was associated with an increased rate of events (HR: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.6-15.0, p=0.005, Figure), adjusted for age and LVEF. The association was also noted when GCS is treated as continuous (HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03-1.35, p=0.02).

Conclusions:
Global circumferential strain is lower in patients with ICI-myocarditis and the magnitude of the reduction in GCS has prognostic significance.
Abstract 9929: Inhibition of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) Reduces E-Cigarette-Induced Increase in Endothelial Permeability
Authors: Han Daniel D , Xu Fengyun , Derakhshandeh Ronak , Huang Abel , Whitlatch Adam , Keith Rachel J , Hamburg Naomi , Ganz Peter , Hellman Judith , Schick Suzaynn , Springer Matthew L , Mohammadi Leila
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
A growing body of research has linked e-cigarette (e-cig) use and vascular dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanism of endothelial function impairment from e-cig use is relatively unknown. We investigated how e-cig use affects endothelial permeability and its regulation by the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) pathway.

Hypothesis:
E-cig use increases endothelial permeability compared to both cigarette users and non-users via increasing ligands of RAGE.

Methods:
We recruited 120 healthy participants who either chronically use e-cigs (n=42), cigarettes (n=28), or no products (n=50), with no dual users. Serum levels of the RAGE ligand subunit S100A8 and the complete RAGE ligand calprotectin were quantified by Luminex and ELISA. Endothelial permeability was measured in cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-Ls) that were incubated in all participants’ sera individually by using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). 1 ug/mL of FPS-ZM1 (RAGE inhibitor) and TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor) diluted in DMSO were administered to HMVEC-Ls with individual sera. 200 pg/mL of calprotectin and DMSO were administered as positive and negative controls.

Results:
Incubation of HMVEC-Ls with e-cig users’ sera significantly increased endothelial permeability compared to sera from cigarette smokers and non-users. There was no significant difference in calprotectin serum levels, but S100A8 level was significantly and substantially higher in e-cig users’ sera than in smokers’ and non-user’s sera. Inhibition of RAGE, but not of TLR4, significantly reduced permeability only in e-cig users’ sera compared to vehicle.

Conclusions:
Endothelial permeability resulting from e-cig use relies on activation of the RAGE pathway and can be partially prevented by inhibition of RAGE.
Abstract 9963: Early Guided Palliative Communication Intervention to Optimize Family Support and Manage Expectations for Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
Authors: Siddiqui Safanah , Tabatabai Ali , Nathan Rachel , Anders Megan , Gibbons Miranda , Russo Marguerite , Whitehead Sarah , Kheirbek Raya E
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly instituted for patients with severe circulatory or respiratory failure and as bridge to recovery or destination therapies (device implantation or organ transplantation). Morbidity and mortality for those patients is high.

Hypothesis:
ECMO combined with COVID isolation presents an additional set of challenges for patients, families.

Objective:
To test feasibility of an early, concurrent, and semi-structured palliative care intervention in improving communication, clarifying goals of care, and highlighting the experience of patients’ families.

Methods:
IRB Approved Qualitative study using content analysis of guided, in-depth discussions with families of COVID-19 patients within 48-72 hours of being cannulated for ECMO between March- October 2020. Scripted template was developed to guide and facilitate goals of care conversations and to ensure consistent communication with family members throughout patients’ disease trajectory. Patient demographics, comorbidities, clinical course, length of stay, and discharge disposition was obtained from the institution’s COVID-19 Data Warehouse and analyzed using descriptive statistics

Setting:
Large urban academic medical center.

Results:
Patients were 44 ± 10 years, Hispanic or Latino 27/43 (63%), white 3 (7%), Black 8 (19%). Palliative care documentation for ECMO acknowledgement meeting was 36/43 (84%). Timely and guided communication demonstrated themes expressed by families including 1) social isolation and related grief of not being at patient’s bedside; 2) helping children of patients adjust to a new normal; 3) coping with multiple family members suffering from COVID-19; 4) importance of faith and spirituality; 5) need for hope and gratitude 6) futility of prolonged ECMO stay. Survival to discharge 24/43 (56%). There was no statistical difference in hospital survival or length of stay between patients with and without documented palliative care.

Conclusions:
Early and ongoing palliative care intervention is feasible to support families’ acknowledgment of complexity, benefits and limitations of ECMO, and it is useful in highlighting families’ experiences, managing expectations and alleviating suffering.
Abstract 9977: Concerns Raised Around Adverse Event Reporting Associated with the Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Device
Authors: Hu Gene , Lin Anthony , Mandrola John M , Enache Bogdan , Tomes Madris , Redberg Rita F
Published: April 2024

Objective:
To review adverse events reports for the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD) device and understand challenges in its application.

Background:
The S-ICD is an increasingly popular alternative to transvenous ICD (TV-ICD) devices since FDA approval in 2012. Although we have the benefit of professional guidelines, there are no high-quality trials showing mortality benefit. There are concerns about higher rates of inappropriate shocks with use of S-ICD, which prompted a ‘Smartpass’ firmware upgrade in 2016. The impact of this upgrade on rates of inappropriate shocks remains ill-defined.

Methods:
Narrative reports of adverse events associated with the S-ICD reported to the FDA MAUDE database were reviewed for reason for reporting and outcomes. These were compared with the total number of devices found on shareholder reports as of October 2020.

Results:
Of 35,000 S-ICD devices in the US, 9,349 adverse events and 2,521 inappropriate shocks were reported in MAUDE. There were 108 deaths, 21 of which were due to a failure to convert a ventricular arrhythmia. Rates of inappropriate shocks comprised an increasing proportion of adverse events year over year with no decline following the ‘Smartpass’ upgrade.

Conclusion:
The multiple instances of death following S-ICD failure are alarming as these fatal events are thought to be rare for TV-ICDs. Additionally, even with the introduction of Smartpass, inappropriate shocks have not declined. These findings, taken in conjunction with the lack of data for mortality benefit of the S-ICD and safety concerns surrounding the recent lead recall, should be considered by clinicians in future decisions about S-ICD use.
Abstract 9979: Medicare Reduces Disparities in Hospital Readmission Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Sherrill Clay , Chew Christopher , Cowherd Michael , Yang Hannan , Rossi Joseph
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
We examined the relationship between type of health insurance and all-cause readmission in the year following PCI among age-bracketed groups in a single large health system.

Materials & Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed data from all patients undergoing PCI at UNC-Chapel Hill Hospitals from 2015 to 2019. Patients were divided into groups based on age (<65 or 65+) and type of insurance. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between the presence of private insurance coverage and readmission rate in the year following PCI among the <65 population and the 65+ Medicare population.

Results:
Readmission rate was 19.0% in the <65 group and 27.12% in the ≥65 group. After adjusting for age, gender, procedural variables, and medical comorbidities, odds ratios (OR) were determined based upon reference groups of “Private” in the <65 group and “Medicare + Private” in the ≥65 group. In the <65 population, OR’s showed increased risk of readmission in all groups compared to “Private.” In the ≥65 population, OR’s showed no increase in risk of readmission between “Medicare + Private” and other groups.

Conclusion:
The presence of universal health care (Medicare) in the >65 population significantly reduces disparities in repeat hospital admissions following PCI that are noted in patients <65 without private insurance. Utilization of hospital readmission data coupled with NCDR Cath-PCI data is a useful tool to determine predictors of readmission.
Abstract 9995: Predictors of Functional Mitral Regurgitation Severity in Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Tom , Kocyigit Duygu , Chan Nicholas , Tang Wai Hong W , Griffin Brian P , Flamm Scott D , Kwon Deborah H
Published: April 2024

Background:
Functional mitral regurgitation is a result of left ventricular and/or atrial remodeling and dysfunction leading to the leaflet malcoaptation, and associated with adverse prognosis. This study assesses the associations between clinical and chamber quantification parameters by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging with FMR severity.

Methods:
This study includes a retrospective cohort of adult NICM patients undergoing CMR during 2002-2017. Quantitative left ventricle, left atrial and right ventricle parameters measured by CMR and clinical factors were assessed for their associations with mitral regurgitant fraction using multivariable linear regression analyses.

Results:
In 633 NICM patients, mean age was 52.6 years, 256 (40.4%) were female and mitral regurgitant volume and fraction were 11±11 mL and 14±13% respectively. Mitral regurgitant fraction was greater than 20%, 30% and 40% in 26.5%, 11.8% and 6.5% of the cohort respectively. In multivariable linear regression analyses(Table), female sex, higher left-ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed, left ventricular ejection fraction and left atrial volume indexed, and reduced right ventricular ejection were all independently associated with higher mitral regurgitation fraction.

Conclusion:
FMR is prevalent in NICM patients, and interestingly, female sex and higher left ventricular ejection fraction were independently associated with mitral regurgitation severity, while other predictors include adverse left ventricular and left atrial remodeling, and right ventricular dysfunction.
Intrinsic functional connectivity among memory networks does not predict individual differences in narrative recall
Authors: Kurkela Kyle , Ritchey Maureen
Published: April 2024

Individuals differ greatly in their ability to remember the details of past events, yet little is known about the brain processes that explain such individual differences in a healthy young population. Previous research suggests that episodic memory relies on functional communication among ventral regions of the default mode network (“DMN-C”) that are strongly interconnected with the medial temporal lobes. In this study, we investigated whether the intrinsic functional connectivity of the DMN-C subnetwork is related to individual differences in memory ability, examining this relationship across 243 individuals (ages 18-50 years) from the openly available Cambridge Center for Aging and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) dataset. We first estimated each participant’s whole-brain intrinsic functional brain connectivity by combining data from resting-state, movie-watching, and sensorimotor task scans to increase statistical power. We then examined whether intrinsic functional connectivity predicted performance on a narrative recall task. We found no evidence that functional connectivity of the DMN-C, with itself, with other related DMN subnetworks, or with the rest of the brain, was related to narrative recall. Exploratory connectome-based predictive modeling (CBPM) analyses of the entire connectome revealed a whole-brain multivariate pattern that predicted performance, although these changes were largely outside of known memory networks. These results add to emerging evidence suggesting that individual differences in memory cannot be easily explained by brain differences in areas typically associated with episodic memory function.
Speaker Competence Affects Prefrontal Theta and Occipital Alpha Power during Selective Word Learning in Preschoolers
Authors: Brehm Julia , Hoti Liridona , Sander Myriam C. , Werkle-Bergner Markus , Gampe Anja , Daum Moritz M.
Published: April 2024

In the present study, we investigated the cognitive processes underlying selective word learning in preschoolers. We measured rhythmic neural activity in the theta (4–8 Hz) and alpha frequency range (7–12 Hz) in 67 four-year-olds. EEG was recorded during anticipation and encoding of novel labeling events performed by a speaker who had previously shown either competence (correct) or incompetence (incorrect) in labeling familiar objects. In both groups, children selected the target object equally often upon recall. However, children observing the incompetent speaker revealed weaker representations of novel words indicated by an increased likelihood for selecting familiar but incorrect items upon recall. Modulations in theta and alpha power suggest differential processing of novel label–object pairs depending on the speakers' competence. In the incompetent, but not the competent, speaker condition, increases in prefrontal theta power during anticipation and encoding were related to increased recall success. Findings suggest that theta power in the present study reflects cognitive control. In both conditions, occipital alpha power—indicating attentional processes—reflected familiarity with novel items, but in opposite directions. In familiar item trials, alpha power was increased observing the incompetent and decreased observing the competent speaker. Thus, both cognitive control and attention processes during word learning are differentially affected by speaker characteristics.
Delta-band Activity Underlies Referential Meaning Representation during Pronoun Resolution
Authors: Ding Rong , Ten Oever Sanne , Martin Andrea E.
Published: April 2024

Human language offers a variety of ways to create meaning, one of which is referring to entities, objects, or events in the world. One such meaning maker is understanding to whom or to what a pronoun in a discourse refers to. To understand a pronoun, the brain must access matching entities or concepts that have been encoded in memory from previous linguistic context. Models of language processing propose that internally stored linguistic concepts, accessed via exogenous cues such as phonological input of a word, are represented as (a)synchronous activities across a population of neurons active at specific frequency bands. Converging evidence suggests that delta band activity (1–3 Hz) is involved in temporal and representational integration during sentence processing. Moreover, recent advances in the neurobiology of memory suggest that recollection engages neural dynamics similar to those which occurred during memory encoding. Integrating from these two research lines, we here tested the hypothesis that neural dynamic patterns, especially in delta frequency range, underlying referential meaning representation, would be reinstated during pronoun resolution. By leveraging neural decoding techniques (i.e., representational similarity analysis) on a magnetoencephalogram data set acquired during a naturalistic story-listening task, we provide evidence that delta-band activity underlies referential meaning representation. Our findings suggest that, during spoken language comprehension, endogenous linguistic representations such as referential concepts may be proactively retrieved and represented via activation of their underlying dynamic neural patterns.
The Longer Theology of Aristotle, Book X.14–17a: a Critical Edition and Translation
Authors: Treiger Alexander
Published: April 2024

The Longer Theology of Aristotle (LThA) is an interpolated version of the Theology of Aristotle (the latter being an Arabic adaptation of Plotinus’ Enneads IV–VI). LThA is preserved mainly in Judeo-Arabic manuscripts and a sixteenth-century Latin translation. Its importance lies in the fact that some non-Plotinian interpolations contained therein may be witnesses to lost Arabic philosophical sources (such as “Ibn Ḥasdāy’s Neoplatonist” postulated by Stern). The present study offers a critical edition and translation of LThA, Book X.14–17a. This passage contains several significant non-Plotinian interpolations. In particular, it exhibits a unique “Logos theology,” i.e., the idea that the divine “Logos” or “Word” (in Arabic: al-Kalima) constitutes an intermediary hypostasis between the Creator and His first creation, the Intellect. LThA shares this Logos theology with several Ismāʿīlī thinkers, notably the tenth-century Ismāʿīlī theologian Abū Yaʿqūb al-Sijistānī; in fact, the passage edited and translated herein (as well as the immediately preceding section: LThA, X.6–13) contains nearly-verbatim parallels to al-Sijistānī’s Kitāb al-Maqālīd. These parallels are presented in the Appendix.
Filling gaps in the knowledge of Goniodorididae taxa (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) with description of seven new species
Authors: PAZ-SEDANO SOFIA , COBB GARY , GOSLINER TERRENCE M. , POLA MARTA
Published: April 2024

Goniodorididae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 is a family of small nudibranchs within the heterobranch mollusks. They are distributed throughout the world, and its large species richness makes it the most diverse family within superfamily Onchidoridoidea. Recently, several integrative taxonomic works have been focused on the study of Goniodorididae genera, applying different tools of morphological and molecular analysis. As a result, dozens of species belonging to the family have been described. However, the results of the most complete phylogenetic analyses carried out to date have shown that the species richness remains highly underestimated. In the present work we studied nine species of Goniodorididae from the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic Oceans that had been previously elucidated from molecular analyses. Morphological and anatomical analyses were carried out to describe or redescribe these species. The internal anatomy of the specimens was studied by dissections. As a result, seven new species from Australia, the Philippines, Singapore and Hawaii are described, Trapania franae sp. nov., Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov., Ceratodoris trypomandyas sp. nov., Murphydoris polkadotsa sp. nov., Naisdoris aurornata sp. nov., Naisdoris labalsaensis sp. nov. and Naisdoris vitiligata sp. nov. The species Bermudella mica (Ortea & Moro, 2014) and Ceratodoris plebeia (Bergh, 1902) are redescribed.
Current Situation of Working Conditions of Female Workers in Export Processing Zones and Industrial Zones
Authors: Chi Dinh
Published: April 2024

Along with active participation and participation in the struggle of political systems, levels and sectors, especially the role of localities and businesses, up to now the company has developed social housing. has achieved some remarkable results. However, with the current number of completed worker housing of about 2.7 million m2, which only accommodates more than 340 workers, the set goal has not been achieved. The reason for not achieving the desired goals is that the mechanisms and policies for developing social housing and housing for workers still have some contents that do not meet practical needs and have not been supplemented or adjusted, timely amendment and completion, such as: participants, beneficiaries, automatic construction investment process, purchase and sale management. The implementation of preferential social housing policies must be done through many steps, so the time to carry out investment procedures is long, the space for innovation and development of social housing is limited as required; The reasonable costs for social housing development have not been calculated correctly or fully. Preferential policies for investors of social housing projects and worker housing are not attractive enough and not realistic enough. On that side, the state budget is still difficult and has not been able to arrange preferential capital for loans for social housing development; There is no mechanism to mobilize reasonable resources to achieve efficiency and system. This article aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the current situation of working conditions of female workers in Ho Chi Minh City. The topic of employment conditions of female workers has been studied by many researchers, but certain limitations still exist. In this article, the author pays special attention to the current working conditions of female workers in Ho Chi Minh City. With that goal, it will open up a multi-dimensional view of the problem, thereby contributing to solving the problems that are being posed in practice for the working conditions of female workers in Ho Chi Minh City.
Improve the Quality of People's Mobilization to Perform the Political Tasks of the Current Political System of Dong Nai Province
Authors: Loi Pham
Published: April 2024

During the leadership process, with the view that the revolutionary cause is the cause of the masses, the Party has always determined that civil campaign work is a task of strategic significance for the entire revolutionary cause, an important condition to ensure the leadership of the Party and strengthen the close relationship between the Party and the people. One of the important lessons, contributing to great achievements throughout history is the lesson "Taking the people as the root", promoting the role of ownership, creativity and resources of the people in the cause of building and defending the country. This is the cross-cutting ideology that contributes to the revolutionary cause of the Party, overcoming all difficulties and achieving many victories. The civil campaign work of the political system of Dong Nai province in each revolutionary period has different contents and methods, but they all aim at the important goal of strengthening the close relationship between the Party and the People, firmly strengthening the people's trust in the Party; mobilize and attract a wide range of people, arouse the spirit of patriotism, promote the strength of the great national unity bloc for the national development process. In addition to the achieved results, the civil campaign work also has limitations and inadequacies: In some places, the awareness and responsibility for the civil campaign work of the political system is not very deep; not fully aware of the important role and great strength of the People, the great national unity bloc and the idea of "Taking the people as the root" in the view that "Revolution is the cause of the masses"; the institutionalization and concretization of a number of Party guidelines and resolutions related to civil campaign work have not been timely. The grasping, assessing and forecasting of the situation, especially the People's situation before events and situations arising in complex fields and areas, sometimes and in some places, have not met the requirements. Therefore, in this article, the author focuses on researching solutions towards improving the quality of mobilizing people to perform the political tasks of the current political system of Dong Nai province.
Evaluations of Crypto-System AES Using Multiple Bloc Ciphering Mode
Authors: Sitraka Rakotondramanana , Malalatiana Ramafiarisona
Published: April 2024

Cryptography, a scientific field that has existed even before the beginning of computer science. This article looks at the development symmetric crypto-system, which falls within the framework of image security, by Advanced Encryption Standard (AES- Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithms. AES algorithm is not integrity protected. Cryptanalysis could use modified encrypted image of each ciphered bloc for generating oracle and getting the key. A new crypto-system uses hash function named AES-GCM (Advanced Encryption Standard-) for solving this problem. Using Galois Counter Mode (GCM) combined with Secure Hash Algorithm 256 bits (SHA-256) or BLAKE2s hash function, the old mode of ciphering like: Cipher FeedBack (CFB), Output FeedBack (OFB), Cipher Block Chaining (CBC), Electronic Codebook Block (ECB) and CounTeR (CTR) mode encryption, will increase the security level at confidentiality and integrity. In this article, robustness of the crypto-system will be evaluated by multiple criteria, indeed the statistical analysis, sensitivity measurement and performance measurement. For the statistical analysis, the histogram is flat and the correlation between adjacent pixel is not linear for the encrypted image. The relation between clear image and encrypted image doesn’t exist. For the sensitivity analysis, Number of Pixel Changing Rate (NPCR) and Unified Averaged Changed Intensity (UACI) permit to avoid differential attack of the crypto-system. The two values are respectively near 99% and 30%. For performance measurement, the similarity of the decrypted image and original image will be tested. The Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) are equals of infinity and zero. The decrypted image and original image are the same. The integrity of the image on the crypto-system will be evaluated by modifying one bit of the encrypted image. The decryption process doesn’t give decrypted image and show that the tag value is incorrect.
Numerical Study of Heat Transfer in a Partitioned Cavity Containing a Porous Medium
Authors: Faye Souleye , Diarra Sory , Sokhna Sidy , Sambou Vincent
Published: April 2024

Cavities separated by multiple vertical partitions and filled with a porous medium present a remarkable thermal insulation quality, offering potential solutions in various engineering fields. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of the presence of a porous medium on heat transfer through a partitioned cavity. We have developed a numerical model based on the Navier-Stokes and heat transfer equations, solved using Ansys Fluent software. We examine the evolution of the Nusselt number (convection and radiation) as a function of the position of the porous medium inside the cavity, as well as physical properties such as emissivity, wall conductivity and Rayleigh number. Current lines and isotherms are obtained from this numerical model. Nusselt numbers for both convection and radiation are calculated, taking into account the position of the porous medium in the system, as well as the effect of varying physical parameters on heat transfer. It has been observed that the presence of the porous medium leads to a reduction in the rate of heat transfer within the cavity. The further the porous medium is from the hot wall, the more pronounced this reduction. In addition, radiative transfer has a downward influence on convective transfer. Furthermore, the convective transfer rate decreases with increasing emissivity. As far as conductivity is concerned, transfer rates (convective and radiative) initially increase until a maximum Nusselt number is reached, after which they gradually decrease with a further increase in conductivity. Nusselt numbers (convection and radiation) increase as the Rayleigh number increases.
A Review on the Impact of Soil Acidification on Plant Nutrient Availability, Crop Productivity, and Management Options in the Ethiopian Highlands
Authors: Warke Amanuel , Wakgari Tesfaye
Published: April 2024

Soil acidity is a type of soil deterioration that has a negative impact on Ethiopia's overall and Western Oromia's specific sustainable agricultural production. Currently, soil acidity in highland portions of Western Oromia, including Gimbi, Nedjo, and surrounding areas, is a major problem that can impede agricultural productivity. Reviewing the mechanisms of soil acidification, which can affect soil nutrient availability and agricultural production, as well as management choices, were done in this context for this review topic. The main causes of acid soils are leaching of exchangeable basic cations and topsoil erosion caused by high temperatures and heavy rains, which promote the loss of organic matter the most. In most of Ethiopia's highland regions, the removal of agricultural waste and ongoing use of inorganic fertilizers that produce acidity are major factors in the development of soil acidity. Al and Mn toxicity are caused by acid soil, which also reduces nutrient availability. Furthermore, agricultural yield decreases due to acidity in the soil. The management options for acid soils include crop types resistant to Al toxicity, liming, and the use of organic materials as integrated forms of soil fertility control. Therefore, lime and organic fertilizers should be employed as crucial agricultural techniques for small-holder farmers in acidic soil locations in order to decrease the effects of soil acidity.
Effect of Weight at First Mating on the Performance of New Zealand White Rabbit Population in the Rainforest Zone of Nigeria
Authors: Obugo Collins , Bello-Onaghise Godspower , Orheruata Arierhire
Published: April 2024

It has been generally accepted that for breeders to embark on intensive production of rabbits there is a need to use appropriate body weight rabbit that has better performance. To provide such information, this study was therefore carried out to determine the effect of weight at first mating on the performance of the New Zealand White rabbit population at the University of Benin Teaching and Research Farm. The rabbits were grouped into four based on their weight before the first service (1.00 to 1.49kg, 1.50 to 1.99kg, 2.00 to 2.49kg, and 2.5kg and above) as weight groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. The rabbits were raised under acceptable management. The experimental animals were fed a commercial diet of 18% CP and 2700kcal/kg ME. Data collected were weight of doe before service (WBS), number of time served (NTS), litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), litter weight at birth (LWB), litter weight at weaning (LWW), pre-weaning mortality percentage (PWM), gestation length (GLT), and stillbirth (SBT). The data were subjected to statistical analysis using the R statistical package version 3.3.3 (2017). Significant means were separated using the Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results obtained showed an increasing trend with body weight at first service. The mean values for LWB were 40.08±1.04, 43.83±2.16, 49.26±2.93 and 45.57±3.74 g for weight groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Rabbits in weight 2 and 3 had a higher CV of 30%. Mean LWW ranged from 366.20±26.92 in group 1 to 442.90±29.74 in weight group 4. The average LSB was 4 kits. Litter sizes at weaning (LSW) were 3 kits except for group 4 with 4 kits. The body weight at first mating had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the performance traits. Gestation length (GLT) and pre-weaning mortality (PWM) showed significance (P<0.05). Gestation length (GLT) was highest in weight group 4 with mean days of 32.14±0.40 and the least in group 3 (30.53±0.09). Percentage SBT was highest in group 3 (10.48%) and none was recorded in group 4, 0.00±0.00. Percentage PWM was highest in groups 1 and 2 with 23.25% and 1.50%, respectively, while there was no PWM recorded in groups 3 and 4. The results of the efficiency of gain of offspring from the weight group were not significantly different (P>0.05) except for mortality which showed a significant difference (P<0.05). Rabbits from weight groups 1 and 3 showed better performance but for the high mortality in group 1, it will be better to mate rabbits for the first time at weight group 3.
New Theorems Solving Fifth Degree Polynomial Equation in Complete Forms by Proposing New Five Roots Composed of Radical Expressions
Authors: Larbaoui Yassine
Published: April 2024

This paper is presenting new theorems and formulas to solve fifth degree polynomial equation in general forms by proposing five formulary solutions that we can calculate nearly simultaneously. The proposed roots for fifth degree polynomial in this paper are composed of radical expressions distributed in a specific architecture that allows them to neutralize each other during multiplication by eliminating radicality and reducing degrees of terms. The proposed architecture for each solution of quantic polynomial is composed of at least six distributed terms, where each term is a multiplication of a pair of radical expressions, whereas multiplications among proposed terms is allowing the reduction of degrees in order to obtain a quartic form at maximum. Furthermore, the proposed architectures of radical roots in this paper are allowing also to solve polynomial equations with degrees higher than five by reducing their expressions. As a result, this paper is presenting two new theorems to solve quantic equation in general forms, where one theorem is eliminating the expression of fourth degree then reducing the whole fifth degree equation into a simplified form, whereas the other new theorem is solving the quantic equation without eliminating the expression of fourth degree. All proposed theorems in this paper are built on a scaling logic concretized by engineering the structure of solutions then calculating the precise formulas of roots for equations, which allow to calculate all roots nearly simultaneously and forward the used engineering methodology to solve polynomial equations with degrees higher than five.
Assessment of the Effect of Neem Plant Products on House Mosquito Repellency: A Case Study of Burera and Gicumbi Districts
Authors: Ntabakirabose Gaspard , Mukanoheri Clementine , Vital Karinda , Uwera Marie , Nsengumuremyi Concorde , Nsengimana Venuste
Published: April 2024

Insect pests, diseases, and weeds are interlinked and complement each other. Mosquito bites constitute a nuisance to man and his environment. The female Anopheles mosquito transmits malaria parasites, Aedes aegygti mosquitoes are known to transmit yellow fever and dengue fever. Therefore, the present study seeks to assess the effect of neem plant products on house mosquito repelling. A case study of Burera, and Gicumbi Districts. A cross-section sampling technique was used in this study. Six respondents were selected from each category to make a sixth (60) respondent sample size. The results of this study indicated that neem oil, neem leaves, and neem smoke were most effective for repelling mosquitoes respectively at (p <0.01). There was a statistically significant difference between the various neem products repelling mosquito bites (Number of observations 60; P-Value < 0.0001, and R2 of 0.833). The finding of this study also indicated that using neem plant products to repel mosquitoes should increase neem plant product value, reduce costs of chemical insecticides, increase mosquito repellency, reduce disease vectors, increase the use of biological control, control mosquito bites, reduce the death of children under five years, and increase research studies. The high need for support for increasing research on eco-friendly techniques and strategies should be enhanced as well as reducing chemical pesticide use which increases Greenhouse gas emissions and reduction of pollinators.
Application Prospect of Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Methanol Technology in the New Electric Power Systems
Authors: Nie Xin
Published: April 2024

The new electric power systems based on new energy is a power system that is supported by source-grid-load-storage interaction and multi-energy complementarity, in order to reduce the carbon emission level of the new electric power systems, it is necessary to change the existing energy structure of the system through different energy carriers. Through technology comparison and analysis, seawater in-situ electrolysis hydrogen production technology can make full use of offshore renewable energy, which can effectively reduce the production cost of hydrogen production by electrolysis. With the development and industrial application of the third-generation low-energy phase change absorber, the technology of carbon dioxide capture by phase change solvent has great application prospects. The industrial application of carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol can rely on the existing mature C1 chemical system, and the new carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol device can improve the effective utilization rate of carbon dioxide and reduce the emission of tail gas. On this basis, the application scheme of carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol technology in the new power system is proposed: centered on the power grid, renewable energy is used to generate electricity, and part of the electricity is sent to the grid; part of the electricity is sent to the seawater in-situ electrolysis hydrogen production unit to produce hydrogen; the main product hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage equipment, and the by-product oxygen is used comprehensively; the carbon dioxide generated in the process of fossil fuel power generation is captured by phase change solvent, and then the new carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol device is used to synthesize carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol under the action of catalyst, part of the methanol is converted into hydrogen by cracking and stored, and the other part of methanol is directly used as the fuel of internal combustion power locomotives, when the power output of the grid is insufficient, methanol can be used as fuel for internal combustion generators, which are used to generate electricity and sent to the grid, and the stored hydrogen can also be used as fuel for hydrogen fuel cells, which are used to generate electricity and sent to the grid.
Market Trends and Outlook for Oil and Gas, a Review
Authors: Sunny Nwachukwu
Published: April 2024

Hydrocarbon business globally, commands enormous influence over the dynamics of financial integrity on wealth creation in the world economy, through global trade. Citing example with Nigeria’s Oil and Gas industry, her richly endowed mineral deposits, for the past six decades has (directly or indirectly) played very significant role on virtually all economic and commercial activities; in determining the financial health/viability of the nation’s economy. The global economy presently faces challenges of the global warming due to the climate change that has occurred as a result of incremental growth in energy demands and consumption. Energy, known as a critical factor to life is essential for purposes of powering the economy through daily economic activities, and also for maintenance of man’s existence, has its own consequences on the environment in the course of its production and utilization. As a result, it has been proven to be posing a number of challenges, threats to life and man’s sustainable existence because of the adverse incidences on the planet, resulting from impact of carbon emissions being generated from energy consumption of fossil fuels/Oil and Gas sources (among other greenhouse gases, GHGs). Energy transition, as a phenomenal trend on the global energy solutions management, would contain these global challenges (in ever increasing global population with its imminent threat of energy crisis/poverty) by applying energy-mix menu and technologically advanced initiatives (the proposed Maximum energy-minimum emissions strategy) to control global warming by net-zero carbon emissions target through decarbonizing technologies; for sustainability of the planet.