bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASaiM: a Galaxy-based framework to analyze raw shotgun data from microbiota
Authors: Batut Bérénice , Gravouil Kévin , Defois Clémence , Hiltemann Saskia , Brugère Jean-François , Peyretaillade Eric , Peyret Pierre
Published: September 2017

Background

New generation of sequencing platforms coupled to numerous bioinformatics tools has led to rapid technological progress in metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to investigate complex microorganism communities. Nevertheless, a combination of different bioinformatic tools remains necessary to draw conclusions out of microbiota studies. Modular and user-friendly tools would greatly improve such studies.

Findings

We therefore developed ASaiM, an Open-Source Galaxy-based framework dedicated to microbiota data analyses. ASaiM provides a curated collection of tools to explore and visualize taxonomic and functional information from raw amplicon, metagenomic or metatranscriptomic sequences. To guide different analyses, several customizable workflows are included. All workflows are supported by tutorials and Galaxy interactive tours to guide the users through the analyses step by step. ASaiM is implemented as Galaxy Docker flavour. It is scalable to many thousand datasets, but also can be used a normal PC. The associated source code is available under Apache 2 license athttps://github.com/ASaiM/frameworkand documentation can be found online (http://asaim.readthedocs.io/)

Conclusions

Based on the Galaxy framework, ASaiM offers sophisticated analyses to scientists without command-line knowledge. ASaiM provides a powerful framework to easily and quickly explore microbiota data in a reproducible and transparent environment.
Catch-slip behavior observed upon rupturing membrane-cytoskeleton bonds
Authors: Rajasekharan Vivek , Sreenivasan Varun K. A. , Pereira Fred A. , Farrell Brenda
Published: September 2017

Cells are capable of cytoskeleton remodeling in response to environmental cues at the plasma membrane. The propensity to remodel in response to a mechanical stimulus is reflected in part by the lifetime of the membrane-cytoskeleton bonds upon application of a tensile loading rate. We measure the lifetime and force to rupture membrane-cytoskeleton linkages of a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line, HN-31 by applying a tensile loading rate (< 60 pN/s) with a handle bound to a cell, while monitoring the displacement of the handle at 2 kHz after averaging. We observe the lifetime increases with loading rate,rfto a maximum after which it decreases with further increase inrf. This biphasic relationship appears insensitive to drugs that target microtubule assembly, but is no longer detectable, i.e., lifetime is independent ofrfin cells with reduced active Rho-GTPases. The loading rate-time relationship resembles catch-slip behavior reported upon applying tensile loads to separate protein complexes. Under small loads the bonds catch to increase lifetimes, under larger loads their lifetime shortens and they dissociate in a slip-like manner. Our data conforms to a model that considers the membrane-cytoskeleton bonds exhibit a load-dependent conformational change and dissociate via two pathways. We also find the membrane-cytoskeleton linkages strengthen with stationary compressive load,FSC(|FSC| < 40 pN), and conclude this metastatic cell line responds to small mechanical stimuli by promoting cytoskeleton remodeling as evident by observing F-actin within the membrane nanotube (10 µm length) formed after bond rupture.
Tissue specific auxin biosynthesis regulates leaf vein patterning
Authors: Kneuper Irina , Teale William , Dawson Jonathan Edward , Tsugeki Ryuji , Palme Klaus , Katifori Eleni , Ditengou Franck Anicet
Published: September 2017

The plant hormone auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) has a profound influence over plant cell growth and differentiation. Current understanding of vein development in leaves is based on the canalization of auxin into self-reinforcing streams which determine the sites of vascular cell differentiation. However, the role of auxin biosynthesis during leaf development in the context of leaf vein patterning has not been much studied so far. Here we characterize the context specific importance of auxin biosynthesis, auxin transport and mechanical regulations in a growing leaf. We show that domains of auxin biosynthesis predict the positioning of vascular cells. In mutants that have reduced capacity in auxin biosynthesis, leaf vein formation is decreased. While exogenous application of auxin does not compensate the loss of vein formation in auxin biosynthesis mutants, inhibition of polar auxin transport does compensate the vein-less phenotype, suggesting that the site-specific accumulation of auxin, which is likely to be mainly caused by the local auxin biosynthesis, is important for leaf vein formation. Our computational model of midvein development brings forth the interplay of cell stiffness and auxin dependent cell division. We propose that local auxin biosynthesis has the integral role in leaf vascular development.

Highlights

Built spatially and temporally resolved auxin biosynthesis map in growing leaf primordium of Arabidopsis.

Expression domains of auxin biosynthetic enzymes within primordia strongly correlated with leaf vein initiation.

Results show that domains of auxin biosynthesis within primordia drive leaf vein initiation and patterning.

Highlights and eTOC Blurb

Using modelling and a spatiotemporal analysis of auxin biosynthesis and transport, Kneuper et al. show that tissue specific auxin biosynthesis defines places of vein initiation hence underlining the importance of auxin concentration in vein initiation.
The Perceptual Shaping of Anticipatory Actions
Authors: Maffei Giovanni , Herreros Ivan , Sanchez-Fibla Marti , Friston Karl J. , Verschure Paul F.M.J.
Published: September 2017

Humans display anticipatory motor responses to minimize the adverse effects of predictable perturbations. A widely accepted explanation for this behavior relies on the notion of an inverse model that, learning from motor errors, anticipates corrective responses. Here, we propose and validate the alternative hypothesis that anticipatory control can be realized through a cascade of purely sensory predictions that drive the motor system, reflecting the causal sequence of the perceptual events preceding the error. We compare both hypotheses in a simulated anticipatory postural adjustment task. We observe that adaptation in the sensory domain, but not in the motor one, supports the robust and generalizable anticipatory control characteristic of biological systems. Our proposal unites the neurobiology of the cerebellum with the theory of active inference and provides a concrete implementation of its core tenets with great relevance both to our understanding of biological control systems and, possibly, to their emulation in complex artefacts.
Spatial difference analysis of residential energy consumption, income and carbon emissions in China
Authors: Ding Yongxia , Niu Shuwen
Published: September 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to analyze the internal relationships and tendency of residential energy consumption, income and carbon emissions.

Design/methodology/approach

Taking 30 provinces of China as the analysis unit and dividing them into two types of urban and rural consumer groups, the panel data model was built. In addition, panel unit root test, panel cointegration test and panel Granger causality test were also used.

Findings

The results showed that there are long-run equilibrium relationships between the three variables, which show the regular tendency in the spatial process. The elasticity coefficients of residential energy consumption and CO2 emissions vary across the three regions and decline continuously from the western to central and eastern regions. In addition, geographic location is also an important factor on the energy consumption and CO2 emissions in residential sector.

Originality/value

This paper provides some points for policies on cutting energy use and pollution in residential sector.
Job separation rates of immigrants and natives in the UK during the Great Recession
Authors: Papoutsaki Dafni
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to assess the probability of job separations of immigrants and natives in the UK before and during the economic crisis of 2008.

Design/methodology/approach

A mixed proportional hazard duration model with a semi-parametric piecewise constant baseline hazard is used on a data sample of inflows into employment.

Findings

It is found that the crisis increased the probability of exits to unemployment for all groups, while immigrants from the new countries of the European Union seemed to have the lowest hazard towards unemployment even after controlling for their demographic and labour market characteristics. More specifically, even when we account for the fact that they tend to cluster in jobs that are most vulnerable to the business cycle, they are still less likely to exit dependent employment than natives. However, this migrant group is adversely affected by the crisis the most.

Research limitations/implications

Possible implications of out-migration of the lower performers are discussed.

Originality/value

This paper makes use of the panel element of the UK Quarterly Labour Force Survey, and uses duration analysis on the individual level to assess the labour market outcomes of natives and immigrants in the UK.
How immigrants helped EU labor markets to adjust during the Great Recession
Authors: Kahanec Martin , Guzi Martin
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The economic literature starting with Borjas (2001) suggests that immigrants are more flexible than natives in responding to changing sectoral, occupational and spatial shortages in the labor market. The purpose of this paper is to study the relative responsiveness to labor shortages by immigrants from various origins, skills and tenure in the countryvis-à-visthe natives, and how it varied over the business cycle during the Great Recession.

Design/methodology/approach

Using data primarily from the EU Labor Force Survey and the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions, the authors calculate a wage-based measure of labor shortages in the first stage while in the second stage the authors use them in a first-differences fixed-effects model as a regressor to explain changes in immigrants’ distribution across sectors, occupations and countriesvis-à-visthe natives.

Findings

The authors show that immigrants have responded to changing labor shortages across EU member states, occupations and sectors at least as much and in many cases more flexibly than natives. This effect is especially significant for low-skilled immigrants from the new member states or with the medium number of years since migration, as well as with high-skilled immigrants with relatively few (one to five) or many (11+) years since migration. The relative responsiveness of some immigrant groups declined during the crisis years (those from Europe outside the EU or with 11 or more years since migration), whereas other groups of immigrants became particularly fluid during the Great Recession, such as those from new member states.

Research limitations/implications

The results suggest that immigrants may play an important role in labor adjustment during times of asymmetric economic shocks, and support the case for well-designed immigration policy and free movement of workers within the EU. Some limitations include alternative interpretations of the wage premium as our measure of shortage, as well as possible endogeneity of this measure in the model.

Originality/value

The results provide new insights into the functioning of the European Single Market and the roles various immigrant groups play for its stabilization through labor adjustment during the times of uneven economic development across sectors, occupations and countries.
Morbidity differential among emigrants’ and non-emigrants’ wives in Kerala, India
Authors: Ali Imtiyaz , Bhagat Ram B. , Shankar Geetika , Verma Raj Kumar
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the overall morbidity prevalence and their differentials among emigrants’ and non-emigrants’ wives in Kerala, India.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on the third round of The Kerala Migration Survey-2007 data. The third round of KMS was perhaps the first survey which has collected data on Indian emigration and morbidity scenario during 2007 at the household and individual level. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression models, and Oaxaca decomposition models were used to examine the disease differentials among emigrants’ and non-emigrants’ wives.

Findings

The paper shows that household size is negatively associated with chronic disease and incidence of morbidity is much lower among emigrants’ wives. The result also shows that among women, those who stay with a husband or whose husbands are elsewhere in India show a higher incidence of morbidity than those whose husbands are abroad, owing to the limited scope of activity as well as freedom in lifestyle and for taking independent decisions. Thus, it can be concluded that for women, the scope of activity and the freedom to live are important factors contributing to the level of morbidity. Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition results show that non-poor households and non-Muslim religion are in a disadvantageous position in terms of chronic morbidity.

Research limitations/implications

This paper is based on the cross-sectional nature of data; this is an obvious limitation on the effect of emigration on morbidity differentials among emigrants’ and non-emigrants’ wives.

Originality/value

There are few or rare studies conducted so far to investigate the effect of migration on the health of the spouses or families left behind.
Private attribute inference from Facebook’s public text metadata: a case study of Korean users
Authors: Choi Daeseon , Lee Younho , Kim Seokhyun , Kang Pilsung
Published: September 2017

Purpose

As the number of users on social network services (SNSs) continues to increase at a remarkable rate, privacy and security issues are consistently arising. Although users may not want to disclose their private attributes, these can be inferred from their public behavior on social media. In order to investigate the severity of the leakage of private information in this manner, the purpose of this paper is to present a method to infer undisclosed personal attributes of users based only on the data available on their public profiles on Facebook.

Design/methodology/approach

Facebook profile data consisting of 32 attributes were collected for 111,123 Korean users. Inferences were made for four private attributes (gender, age, marital status, and relationship status) based on five machine learning-based classification algorithms and three regression algorithms.

Findings

Experimental results showed that users’ gender can be inferred very accurately, whereas marital status and relationship status can be predicted more accurately with the authors’ algorithms than with a random model. Moreover, the average difference between the actual and predicted ages of users was only 0.5 years. The results show that some private attributes can be easily inferred from only a few pieces of user profile information, which can jeopardize personal information and may increase the risk to dignity.

Research limitations/implications

In this paper, the authors’ only utilized each user’s own profile data, especially text information. Since users in SNSs are directly or indirectly connected, inference performance can be improved if the profile data of the friends of a given user are additionally considered. Moreover, utilizing non-text profile information, such as profile images, can help increase inference accuracy. The authors’ can also provide a more generalized inference performance if a larger data set of Facebook users is available.

Practical implications

A private attribute leakage alarm system based on the inference model would be helpful for users not desirous of the disclosure of their private attributes on SNSs. SNS service providers can measure and monitor the risk of privacy leakage in their system to protect their users and optimize the target marketing based on the inferred information if users agree to use it.

Originality/value

This paper investigates whether private attributes of SNS users can be inferred with a few pieces of publicly available information although users are not willing to disclose them. The experimental results showed that gender, age, marital status, and relationship status, can be inferred by machine-learning algorithms. Based on these results, an early warning system was designed to help both service providers and users to protect the users’ privacy.
Consumer acceptance of mobile payment across time
Authors: Wu Jinnan , Liu Lin , Huang Lihua
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Although perceived risk and usefulness have been identified as two major factors that influence consumer acceptance of an innovative mobile payment (m-payment), relatively few researchers have explored the impact of affective factors on perceived risk and usefulness, and the relationship between perceived risk and usefulness. Also, it is unclear whether there is a difference in the acceptance intention among users across different diffusion stages of this innovation. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of positive emotion in consumer acceptance of WeChat payment across time.

Design/methodology/approach

This study proposed and validated a framework integrating the consumer response system model and the affect heuristic. A total of 484 valid responses were collected through two online surveys at two diffusion stages of WeChat payment technology. The structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis were used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The results show that users’ acceptance intention is relatively related to perceived risk, perceived usefulness, and positive emotion. Positive emotion has a strong negative impact on perceived risk and a positive impact on perceived usefulness. Also, perceived usefulness strongly decreases users’ perception of risk. Multigroup analyses find that both positive emotion and perceived risk have significant positive and negative impacts on acceptance intention at the stage of market introduction rather than market growth. Rather, the influence of positive usefulness on acceptance intention is significantly higher at the stage of market growth than at market introduction.

Originality/value

This study indicates that exploring the role of positive emotion and the moderating effect of diffusion stages in m-payment acceptance provides a more comprehensive understanding of how to achieve a greater acceptance rate of an innovative m-payment.
Strategic hybrid lateral transshipment for cost-optimized inventory management
Authors: Nakandala Dilupa , Lau Henry , Zhang Jingjing
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Logistics practitioners must continually improve inventory management processes as they daily respond to the twin drivers of customer satisfaction and cost efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the scenario of sourcing goods through lateral transshipments in a periodic-review policy setting, against a backdrop of cost optimization objectives.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors develop decision rules that make cost-optimized selection between backordering and combined reactive and proactive lateral transshipment options possible. This necessarily takes account of the trade-off between purchasing, holding and backorder cost components. In addition, the authors use simulation studies to illustrate the superior performance of the proposed decision options.

Findings

According to results of the simulation studies, the proposed two-step decision rule generates the lower inventory cost than the alternative decisions rules. The outperformance of proposed two-step decision rule is valid in different scenario.

Practical implications

This study develops the decision rules to assist wholesaler logistics practitioners to make optimized decisions with regard to whether they should proactively lateral transshipments and if selected, the optimum size of the extra lateral transshipment.

Originality/value

This study has made a significant contribution to the existing knowledge base as it develops decision rules for a combined proactive and reactive approach using lateral transhipments to meet both urgent demand and a part of the demand expected during the supplier lead time in a cost-efficient way.
Barriers to third-party logistics integration: empirical evidence from China
Authors: Huo Baofeng , Wang Qianwen , Zhao Xiande , Hua Zhongsheng
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate effects of two integrative mechanisms of third-party logistics (3PL) integration (i.e. information sharing and process coordination) between users and providers on relationship satisfaction, and further explores how partnership-surrounding (e.g. legal unprotectability) and partnership-specific barriers (e.g. measurement difficulty and cooperation difficulty) influence 3PL integration in the context of Chinese 3PL practices.

Design/methodology/approach

Using data collected from 247 3PL users in China, this study uses the structural equation modeling method to empirically examine the relationship among partnership-surrounding/specific barriers, 3PL integration and relationship satisfaction.

Findings

The results show that information sharing has no significant effect on relationship satisfaction, while process coordination has a positive effect on relationship satisfaction and partially mediates the relationship between information sharing and relationship satisfaction. Furthermore, as partnership-specific barrier, measurement difficulty and cooperation difficulty are negatively related to information sharing and process coordination. Surprisingly, as partnership-surrounding barrier, legal unprotectability is not significantly related to information sharing but is positively related to process coordination.

Originality/value

As a comprehensive study on 3PL user-provider relationship in China, this study extends existing 3PL literature by providing evidence about the importance of 3PL integration and different types of barriers to 3PL integration, also providing managerial implications for 3PL users, providers, law and regulation makers about how to better implement 3PL integration in China.
Strategic characterization of process assets based on asset quality and business impact
Authors: Sanchez-Segura Maria-Isabel , Ruiz-Robles Alejandro , Medina-Dominguez Fuensanta , Dugarte-Peña German-Lenin
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present the strategic intangible process assets characterization (SIPAC) methodology illustrated by an example of its application to the field of information technology (IT). This is a pioneering methodology for characterizing the impact and quality of intangible process assets and intellectual capital as levers to achieve organizational objectives. This strategic intellectual capital approach will help to identify both intangible assets and indicators geared to meeting organizational objectives. This is of vital importance since the success of an organization can be construed in terms of goal achievement.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper illustrates an example of the step-by-step application of the proposed methodology at an IT company. The aim is to describe its use in a real case so that other companies can benefit from the replication of the methodology used.

Findings

The proposed methodology (SIPAC) that the authors have designed and applied has been found to be useful and provide an insightful new point of view for strategic decision making in the IT industry taking into account intangible process assets.

Practical implications

The proposed methodology has been exemplified in a real case. This should help organizations to use the methodology to replicate the results.

Originality/value

Each and every organization has know-how represented by intangible assets. This paper meets an identified need to use intangible process assets as levers to help organizations achieve their business goals.
Multi-hazard disaster risk identification for World Cultural Heritage sites in seismic zones
Authors: Ravankhah Mohammad , Schmidt Michael , Will Thomas
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated multi-risk identification procedure for World Cultural Heritage (WCH) sites exposed to seismic events, while considering characteristics of disasters from earthquakes in a multi-hazard context on one side and particular aspects of WCH (e.g. outstanding universal values and associated condition of authenticity and integrity) on the other.

Design/methodology/approach

An interdisciplinary review of current relevant approaches, methods, and practices is conducted through the existing literature of disaster risk management, heritage conservation, and seismology. Furthermore, a document analysis of concrete cases affected by seismic events supports concepts and the procedure.

Findings

This paper results in a methodology of identifying multi-risk of disasters induced by earthquakes. A bow-tie analysis diagram in combination with a risk identification matrix is developed for illustrating a multiple emergency scenario in identifying possible impacts of earthquakes’ primary effects, secondary hazards, and human-threats on tangible and intangible attributes of cultural properties.

Practical implications

The research aims to provide specialists and practitioners from multiple sectors engaged in pre-disaster risk mitigation and preparedness plan for cultural heritage with a practical risk identification tool. The proposed method, in a multiple hazard context, intends to enhance risk assessment procedure for determining more appropriate risk reduction strategies in the decision-making process.

Originality/value

This paper, through emphasising “earthquake disaster risk” rather than “earthquake risk”, illuminates the significance of quake-followed secondary hazards, potential human-induced hazards and human errors in the risk identification process, due to the fact that while a disaster may begin with a quake, its full scope might be triggered by a combination of the mentioned potential threats.
Putting applicant faking effects on personality tests into context
Authors: Burns Gary N. , Shoda Elizabeth A. , Roebke Mark A.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Estimates of the effects of faking on personality scores typically represent the difference from one sample mean to another sample mean in terms of standard deviations. While this is technically accurate, it does put faking effects into the context of the individuals actually engaging in faking behavior. The purpose of this paper is to address this deficiency.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper provides a mathematical proof and a computational simulation manipulating faking effect size, prevalence of faking, and the size of the applicant pool.

Findings

The paper illustrates that reported effects of faking are underestimates of the amount of faking that individual test takers are engaging in. Results provide researchers and practitioners with more accurate estimates of how to interpret faking effects sizes.

Practical implications

To understand the impact of faking on personality testing, it is important to consider both faking effect sizes as well as the prevalence of faking.

Originality/value

Researchers and practitioners do not often consider the real implications of faking effect sizes. The current paper presents those results in a new light.
Frameworks for consumers’ narratives in a changing marketplace
Authors: Gilliam David A. , Preston Teresa , Hall John R.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Narratives are central to consumers’ understanding of brands especially during change. The financial crisis that began in 2008 offered a changing marketplace from which to develop two managerially useful frameworks of consumer narratives. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

Consumer focus groups, interviews with bankers and qualitative consumer surveys were used to gather consumers’ narratives about retail banking. The narratives were examined through frameworks from both the humanities and psychology (narrative identity).

Findings

The individual consumer narratives were used to create first a possible cultural narrative or bird’s eye view and later archetypal narratives of groups of consumers for a ground-level view of the changing marketplace.

Research limitations/implications

Like all early research, the findings must be examined in other contexts to improve generalizability.

Practical implications

The narrative results revealed the impact of change on consumers’ identities, views of other entities and retail banking activity to yield managerially actionable information for segmentation, target marketing, branding and communication.

Originality/value

Frameworks are developed for consumer narratives which are shown to be useful tools in examining consumers’ reactions to changing markets and in formulating marketing responses.
One step deeper: gender and congruity in celebrity endorsement
Authors: Pradhan Debasis , Kapoor Vikram , Moharana Tapas Ranjan
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of user gender, celebrity gender, and celebrity-user gender congruity on celebrity personality-user personality (CP-UP) congruity, and consequently, brand purchase intention (BPI). Additionally, it delves into the mediating roles of CP-UP congruity and brand personality-celebrity personality (BP-CP) congruity.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey research entailing a sample of 709 adult consumers was used to test the framed hypotheses by means of a structural equation modelling.

Findings

The results indicate that while celebrity and user gender have a significant positive effect on CP-UP congruity, celebrity-user gender congruity has a negative effect. The study shows a partial mediation of CP-UP congruity in the relationship between gender congruity and BP-CP congruity. Furthermore, BP-CP congruity is shown to have a full mediation effect on the relationship between CP-UP congruity and BPI.

Research limitations/implications

Consistency of the results of this study may be corroborated by employing other methods to estimate congruity scores. Also, the results of the present study may not be generalisable across different product classes with varied consumer involvement.

Practical implications

The findings have major implications for practitioners in understanding the significance of BP-CP congruity among celebrity-user-brand in the formation of purchasing intentions. The results of the study suggest a better CP-UP congruity when the gender of the celebrity is opposite to the gender of the user. This result questions the generalisability of the similarity theory that exhorts a prospect’s customary identification with a spokesperson of her/his own sex and further reinforces the selectivity hypothesis that indicates different information processing of males and females while they make judgements. Therefore, it might be a good idea for advertisers targeting female audiences to employ male celebrities in certain endorsements.

Originality/value

This is the first study that tests for the mediation effect of CP-UP congruity in the relationship between gender congruity and BP-CP congruity, and that of BP-CP congruity in the relationship between CP-UP congruity and BPI.
Impact of online advertising on adolescent’s brand attitudes
Authors: Eshghi Abdolreza , Sarkar Juhi Gahlot , Sarkar Abhigyan
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of online advertising on advertising message involvement (AMI) and brand attitude formation among adolescent consumers. More specifically, the impact of advertising copy type and individual task orientation on brand attitude is examined through the mediating role of AMI among a sample of adolescents in India. Moderating role of product’s technology intensiveness is also examined.

Design/methodology/approach

Experimental design with three-way factorial analysis of variance was conducted along with independentt-tests and regressions.

Findings

The results show that the effect of ad copy type and individual task orientation on brand attitude is mediated by AMI. While both narrative and factual ad copies are found to increase AMI among the respondents, narrative ad copies generate greater AMI when compared with factual ad copies, irrespective of respondents’ task orientation or technology intensiveness of the product. Managerial insights regarding the type of online advertising that would generate a greater AMI and more favorable brand attitude among adolescent consumers are discussed.

Originality/value

The contribution of this research lies in providing the empirical evidence regarding the type of online advertising that can help marketers generate a greater AMI and cultivate more favorable brand attitude among the adolescent consumers.
Living in the city: school friendships, diversity and the middle classes
Authors: Vincent Carol , Neal Sarah , Iqbal Humera
Published: September 2017

Much of the literature on the urban middle classes describes processes of both affiliation (often to the localities) and disaffiliation (often from some of the non‐middle‐class residents). In this paper, we consider this situation from a different position, drawing on research exploring whether and how children and adults living in diverse localities develop friendships with those different to themselves in terms of social class and ethnicity. This paper focuses on the interviews with the ethnically diverse, but predominantly white British, middle‐class parent participants, considering their attitudes towards social and cultural difference. We emphasize the importance of highlighting inequalities that arise from social class and its intersection with ethnicity in analyses of complex urban populations. The paper's contribution is, first, to examine processes of clustering amongst the white British middle‐class parents, particularly in relation to social class. Second, we contrast this process, and its moments of reflection and unease, with the more deliberate and purposeful efforts of one middle‐class, Bangladeshi‐origin mother who engages in active labour to facilitate relationships across social and ethnic difference.
Disaster response aided by tweet classification with a domain adaptation approach
Authors: Li Hongmin , Caragea Doina , Caragea Cornelia , Herndon Nic
Published: September 2017

Social media platforms such as Twitter provide valuable information for aiding disaster response during emergency events. Machine learning could be used to identify such information. However, supervised learning algorithms rely on labelled data, which is not readily available for an emerging target disaster. While labelled data might be available for a prior source disaster, supervised classifiers learned only from the source disaster may not perform well on the target disaster, as each event has unique characteristics (e.g., type, location, and culture) and may cause different social media responses. To address this limitation, we propose to use a domain adaptation approach, which learns classifiers from unlabelled target data, in addition to source labelled data. Our approach uses the Naïve Bayes classifier, together with an iterative Self‐Training strategy. Experimental results on the task of identifying tweets relevant to a disaster of interest show that the domain adaptation classifiers are better as compared to the supervised classifiers learned only from labelled source data.
Identification of limits and barriers to climate change adaptation: case study of two islands in Torres Strait, Australia
Authors: McNamara Karen E. , Westoby Ross , Smithers Scott G.
Published: September 2017

Communities living on remote islands are often viewed as among the most exposed and vulnerable to climate change impacts. This study uses the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework to investigate how indigenous communities living on two physically different islands in Torres Strait, Australia, experience what they consider to be the impacts of climate change in relation to their daily lives. During this process, a series of natural, physical, and socio‐cultural limits and barriers to climate change adaptation were identified on Boigu, a low‐lying mud island inundated by the sea during high tides and storm surges. As a volcanic island, Erub's elevation is higher but significant community infrastructure, housing, and cultural sites are located on the low coastal fringe. No immediate limits to climate change adaptation were identified on Erub, but physical and socio‐cultural barriers were revealed. Limits to climate change adaptation occur when adaptation actions fail to protect the things valued by those affected, or few adaptation options are available. Barriers to climate change adaptation may be overcome if recognised and addressed but can become entrenched limits if they are ignored. Within the participating communities, such limits and barriers included (a) restricted adaptation options due to limited access to particular livelihood assets; (b) difficulty engaging with government processes to secure external support; and (c) people's place‐based values, which evoke a reluctance to relocate or retreat.
Comparison of Laboratory‐Developed and Commercial Monoclonal Antibody‐Based Sandwich Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Almond (Prunus dulcis) Detection and Quantification
Authors: Liu Changqi , Chhabra Guneet S. , Zhao Jing , Zaffran Valerie D. , Gupta Sahil , Roux Kenneth H. , Gradziel Thomas M. , Sathe Shridhar K.
Published: September 2017

A commercially available monoclonal antibody (mAb)‐based direct sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (BioFront Technologies, Tallahassee, Fla., U.S.A.) was compared with an in‐house developed mAb 4C10‐based ELISA for almond detection. The assays were comparable in sensitivity (limit of detection < 1 ppm full fat almond, limit of quantification < 5 ppm full fat almond), specificity (no cross‐reactivity with 156 tested foods at a concentration of 100000 ppm whole sample), and reproducibility (intra‐ and interassay variability < 15% CV). The target antigens were stable and detectable in whole almond seeds subjected to autoclaving, blanching, frying, microwaving, and dry roasting. The almond recovery ranges for spiked food matrices were 84.3% to 124.6% for 4C10 ELISA and 81.2% to 127.4% for MonoTrace ELISA. The almond recovery ranges for commercial and laboratory prepared foods with declared/known almond amount were 30.9% to 161.2% for 4C10 ELISA and 38.1% to 207.6% for MonoTrace ELISA. Neither assay registered any false‐positive or negative results among the tested commercial and laboratory prepared samples.

Practical Application

Ability to detect and quantify trace amounts of almonds is important for improving safety of almond sensitive consumers. Two monoclonal antibody‐based ELISAs were compared for almond detection. The information is useful to food industry, regulatory agencies, scientific community, and almond consumers.
Characterization of Extracellular Polymeric Substances Produced by Pseudomonas fragi Under Air and Modified Atmosphere Packaging
Authors: Wang Guang‐Yu , Ma Fang , Wang Hu‐Hu , Xu Xing‐Lian , Zhou Guang‐hong
Published: September 2017

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play an important role in bacterial biochemical properties. The characteristics of EPS from 2 strains of Pseudomonas fragi cultured in meat aerobically (control) and in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) were studied. The amount and components of EPS, the surface properties, and the effect on biofilm formation of several spoilage organisms were evaluated. The results showed that MAP inhibited the growth of the P. fragi strains. Compared with the control, more loose and less bound EPS (containing protein and carbohydrate) were produced by P. fragi in MAP samples. MAP also caused increased cell autoaggregation and surface hydrophobicity. After the removal of the EPS, the surface property changes were strain‐dependent, suggesting that membrane compositions were also changed. In addition, the EPS displayed significant antibiofilm activity on Pseudomonas fluorescens and Serratia liquefaciens. In conclusion, P. fragi strains not only modified the amount, components, and surface properties of EPS but also changed the cell membrane compositions to adapt to MAP stress. Moreover, EPS may play an important role in microbial community competitions.
Evidence of hysteresis in propofol pharmacodynamics
Authors: Sepúlveda P. O. , Carrasco E. , Tapia L. F. , Ramos M. , Cruz F. , Conget P. , Olivares Q. F. B. , Cortínez I.
Published: September 2017

It is commonly assumed that loss of responsiveness and recovery of responsiveness occur at similar concentrations of propofol. However, the ‘conscious’ and ‘anaesthetised’ conditions produced by general anaesthetics may behave as two bistable states. We hypothesised that loss of responsiveness and recovery of responsiveness occur at different propofol concentrations. Propofol was administered to 19 healthy volunteers by effect‐site target‐controlled infusion using increasing and decreasing stable concentration steps of 7 min. Propofol serum concentrations were measured from venous blood samples at the end of each 7‐min step. A long step of 14 min was performed at loss of responsiveness. At this step, propofol concentrations were measured at 7 and 14 min. Propofol concentrations measured at loss of responsiveness and recovery of responsiveness were 2.6 (1.2–4.7) μg.ml−1 and 1.6 (0.6–3.3) μg.ml−1, respectively (p < 0.001). Propofol plasma concentration and the corresponding bispectral index values measured at minute 7 and minute 14 of the long step performed at loss of responsiveness were 2.6 (1.2–4.7) vs. 2.6 (1.3–4.3) at recovery of responsiveness, (p = 0.96) and 61.2 (49.0–77.0) vs. 58.4 (45.0–74.0), (p = 0.058), respectively. Loss of responsiveness and recovery of responsiveness appear to occur at different propofol concentrations. However, it is possible that, if equilibration was not achieved between plasma and effect‐sites at the end of each 7‐min step, the higher concentrations found at loss of responsiveness compared with those observed during recovery of responsiveness could be explained by a possible bias in estimations of the effect‐site concentrations of propofol by the Schnider model, rather than neural inertia.
Orexin A increases sympathetic nerve activity through promoting expression of proinflammatory cytokines in Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Fan Y. , Jiang E. , Hahka T. , Chen Q. H. , Yan J. , Shan Z.
Published: September 2017

Aim

Accumulating evidence suggests that orexin signalling is involved in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiovascular function. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Here, we test the hypothesis that upregulated orexin A signalling in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) increases sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) through stimulating expression of proinflammatory cytokines (PICs).

Methods

In vivo sympathetic nerve recordings were performed to test the impact of PVN orexin signalling on sympathetic outflow in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Real‐time PCR was carried out to assess effects of central administration of orexin A on PVN PICs expression in SD rats. To test whether orexin A‐induced increases in PICs were exclusively mediated by orexin receptor 1 (OX1R), OX1R‐expressing PC12 (PC12‐OX1R) cells were incubated with different dose of orexin A, and then, PICs mRNA and immunoreactivity were measured.

Results

Orexin A microinjection (25 pmol) into the PVN significantly increased splanchnic SNA (93.5%) and renal SNA (83.3%) in SD rats, and these increases were attenuated by OX1R antagonist SB408124. Intracerebroventricular injection of orexin A (0.2 nmol) into SD rats increased mRNA levels of PICs including IL‐1‐β (2.7‐fold), IL‐6 (1.7‐fold) and TNF‐α (1.5‐fold), as well as Fra1 (1.6‐fold) in the PVN. Orexin A treatment in PC12‐OX1R cells resulted in a dose‐ and time‐dependent increase in the expression of PICs and Fra1, a subunit of AP1 transcriptional factor. The increase in the PICs was blocked by AP1 blocker curcumin.

Conclusion

Paraventricular nucleus orexin system activation is involved in SNA regulation maybe through triggering AP1‐PICs pathway.
Professional Associations as Communities of Practice: Exploring the Boundaries of Ethics and Compliance and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Weller Angeli
Published: September 2017

For more than a decade, scholars and practitioners have noted the disconnection between E&C and CSR practices in US corporations and called for their alignment. There is scant literature on why this lack of alignment persists. This article applies communities of practice theory to illuminate the separate learning trajectories that the E&C and CSR fields in the US have taken over the past twenty five years, anchored by their respective professional associations. This article provides an important perspective on the role that n, boundaries, ethics and compliance, corporate social responsibility communities of practice play in reifying the knowledge and competencies within E&C and CSR, and the boundaries to collaboration that exist between their managers and practices. It also calls attention to the fact that alignment is not the only alternate trajectory that these practices and their communities may take in the future, and five distinct evolutionary paths are explored.
The New Story of Business: Towards a More Responsible Capitalism
Authors: Freeman R. Edward
Published: September 2017

Business is undergoing a conceptual revolution. Since the Global Financial Crisis there are many new ideas and proposals to make capitalism more responsible. The purpose of this paper is to identify key flaws in the “old story” of capitalism. Six principles are explained that taken together form the basis for a new story of business, one of responsible capitalism.
Important Aspects of Pharmacist‐led Medication Reviews in an Acute Medical Ward
Authors: Bülow Cille , Færch Kirstine Ullitz , Armandi Helle , Jensen Birgitte Nybo , Sonne Jesper , Christensen Hanne Rolighed , Christensen Mikkel B.
Published: September 2017

In some hospitals, clinical pharmacists review the medication to find drug‐related problems (DRPs) in acutely admitted patients. We aimed to identify the nature of identified DRPs and investigate factors of potential importance for the clinical implementation of pharmacist suggestions. In 100 randomly selected medication review (MR) notes, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical implementation and classified (1) timing and communication of the review; (2) DRPs and related suggestions for the physician; and (3) DRPs’ potential clinical relevance to patients as ‘beneficial’, ‘somewhat beneficial’, ‘no relevance’ or ‘other relevance’. Of 327 DRPs (0–13 DRPs per patient), 42% were implemented. The clinical implementation was higher if the MR note was made prior to (instead of after) the physician's admission, and even higher if the suggestions were communicated verbally (instead of only in writing) to the physicians (44% versus 79%, p < 0.05). The clinical relevance of the DRPs was either ‘beneficial’ (16%), ‘somewhat beneficial’ (43%), ‘no relevance’ (22%) or ‘other relevance’ (19%). The ‘beneficial’ DRPs had a higher clinical implementation (53%) than ‘no relevance’ (34%) (p < 0.05). The most frequently implemented suggestions were based on DRPs concerning ‘indication for drug treatment not noticed’, ‘inappropriate drug form’ and ‘drug dose too low’, with implementation rates of 83%, 67% and 63%, respectively. In our sample, the pharmacist's MR suggestions were only implemented by physicians in 42% of the cases, but review prior to physician contact and verbal communication of the suggestions, higher clinical relevance and specific types of DRPs were associated with a higher implementation rate.