bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
पौरस्त्य चिन्तनमा न्याय दर्शन
Authors: उपाध्याय धनकृष्ण
Published: November 2024

पौरस्त्य चिन्तन परम्परामा दार्शनिक पक्षको पउल रहको छ । दशर्न भनेको संसारबारे प्रस्तुत दृष्टिकोण हो । बह्माण्डको उत्पत्ति ईश्वर, जीव, आत्मा आदिबारे दर्शनमा गहन रूपमा विश्लेषण गरिएको हुन्छ । पौरस्त्य दर्शन भन्नाले आर्यवर्तअन्तर्गत तपोवन र ऋषिमुनिको चिन्तन मननलाई बुझिन्छ । खास गरेर पौर स्त्य दार्शि नक चिन्तन मूलतः आध्यात्मिक नैतिक तथा धार्मिक पक्षमा आधारित रहको छ । यो आस्तिक रहे पनि चार्वाक दर्शन जस्तो पूणर्तः भौतिकवादी, अनीश्वरवादी र नास्तिक दर्शनको पनि उच्च स्थान रहेको पाइन्छ । खास गरेर षडदर्शनलाई पौरस्त्य वा पर्वूीय दशर्न मा महत्त्वपूर्ण स्थान रहको छ । यिनै षड्दर्शन अन्तर्गत पहिलो दर्शनका रूपमा न्याय दर्शन रहेको छ । उक्त न्याय दर्शनको अध्ययनका क्रममा यसको मूल ग्रन्थ गौतमको न्यायसूत्रलाई मूल आधार मानिएको छ । साथै यससम्बन्धी चर्चा भएका लखे रचना, अध्ययन, अनुसन्धान र विवेचन भएका विविध कृतिको उपयागे गरिएको छ । उक्त अध्ययनमा मूलतः पुस्तकालय विधिको प्रयागे गरिएको छ । साथै शाधे अध्ययन विधि र कालक्रमिक विधिको समेत उपयोग का साथै एपिए पद्धतिअनुरूप लेखलाई अघि बढाइएको छ । न्याय दर्शनका सोह्र पदार्थहरु, चार वटा प्रमाण, इश्वर, विश्वको सृष्टि,आत्मा, अप्रमा, प्रमाण, आत्मा, बन्धन मोक्ष जस्ता विषयहरुमा विषयका बारेमा संक्षिप्त चर्चा गरी निष्कर्षमा पुग्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ ।
ध्वनिविज्ञान र नेपाली भाषाका ध्वनिको सैद्धान्तिक अध्ययन
Authors: खतिवडा लय
Published: November 2024

ध्वनिविज्ञानले मानवीय ध्वनिको सूक्ष्मरुपमा अध्ययन गर्दछ । ध्वनि अवयव, श्वाास प्रवाह, उच्चारण प्रक्रिया, स्वर र व्यञ्जन ध्वनिको वर्गीकरण ध्वनिविज्ञानमा गरिन्छ । आदिका बारेमा वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन गर्ने काम ध्वनिविज्ञानले गर्दछ । स्वर ध्वनिको वर्गीकरण जिब्रोेको सक्रिय भाग,जिब्रोको उचाइ,ओठको स्थिति, मांसपेशीय आधार, हाब्रोको स्थिति, मूल र सयुंक्त आदि आधारमा गरिन्छ भने व्यञ्जन ध्वनिको वर्गीकरण उच्चारण स्थान, प्रयत्न, घोषत्व र प्राणत्वका आधारमा गरिन्छ । ध्वनि परिवर्तनको कारण, ध्वनिका कारणले अर्थमा हुने भिन्नतालाई ध्वनिविज्ञानले सुक्ष्मरुपमा अध्ययन गर्दछ । ध्वनिविज्ञान र यसका शाखाहरू, ध्वनिको पहिचान, वर्गीकरण तथा नेपाली भाषाका ध्वनिसम्बन्धी अध्ययन द्वितीय स्रोतबाट सामग्री्र सङक्लन गरी यो लेख तयार गरिएको छ ।
Consideraciones sobre los comienzos del magisterio mexicano: análisis desde el pensamiento de Søren Kierkegaard
Authors: Montemayor González Mario Alejandro
Published: November 2024

Montemayor González, Mario Alejandro. Consideraciones sobre los comienzos del magisterio mexicano: análisis desde el pensamiento de Søren Kierkegaard. En este artículo reflexiono acerca del surgimiento del magisterio mexicano y la orientación de su actividad pedagógica. Concretamente, a principios del siglo XX comenzó una cruzada nacional de alfabetización, programas de maestros ambulantes y misiones culturales. Todas ellas fueron estrategias para llevar maestros a comunidades en las que residía la mayoría de los pueblos no letrados del México rural. Problematizo las implicaciones éticas que esto tuvo para la configuración de la mexicanidad del propio maestro y de su acción como docente, la influencia del positivismo y la centralidad del conocimiento objetivo. Desde el abordaje filosófico de Søren Kierkegaard realizo una crítica a los desvíos de una época que pretendió establecer la historia universal y nacional como el saber general sobre el pasado, pero descuidó la historia territorial local que demanda el sujeto existente. El énfasis de la identidad nacional en la escolarización, que da cohesión al Estado–nación desvinculó a las personas de sus territorios en el México rural.
Semantic reading deficits in young adults: lack of conceptual thinking
Authors: Shcherbakova O. V.
Published: November 2024

The paper describes the results of a series of qualitative studies on comprehension of metaphoric meanings of verbal texts by young healthy adults. Using stimuli of various genres (fables, jokes, short story, science education text) we showed that despite high IQ and education levels the majority of participants failed to reconstruct meanings of the texts. Namely, they struggled with: 1) formulating core ideas of the text; 2) differentiating important semantic features of the text from unimportant ones; 3) rewording the core ideas of the text with no distortion of their meanings; 4) building up the text’s cognitive representation; 5) putting together the information explicitly described in the text and use it to deduce new knowledge; 6) reading traditional cultural codes; 7) providing metacognitive control under their own subjective projections. All these difficulties indicate pre-conceptual stage of cognitive development and might be overcome through developing of conceptual thinking skills. We also discuss educational practices that supposedly contribute to the abovementioned difficulties: lack of semantic reading training in primary school, non-systematised presentation of information and prevalence of visual forms of communication, and early digitalization of education leading to the increase of cognitive load while reading.
A History of “Cohesion”: from M. O. Gershenzon’s “The Poet’s Vision” to V. Weidlé’s “Les Abeilles d’Aristée”
Authors: Smirnova Natalia N.
Published: November 2024

The paper is devoted to perception in the theory of literature of the famous statement of Leo Tolstoy about “cohesion” that ensure wholeness of narrative in a novel. Tolstoy’s idea of “cohesion” has repeatedly inspired various interpretations in literary criticism (for instance, M.O. Gershenzon, V.B. Shklovsky, B.M. Eikhenbaum, T. Rainov, and others). There are two contrary positions on the interpretation of the idea of “cohesion”: M.O. Gershenzon’s intuition theory of and in the formal method of V.B. Shklovsky. In the theory of M.O. Gershenzon the “cohesion” become the foundation of the principle of slow reading and expresses the points of correlation between personal vision of author and reader. In V.B. Shklovsky’s theory the “cohesion” is a technique, an element of narration in a fairy tale, short story, novel, etc; and character subjectivity is defined by the function of narration technique. In the 1930s V. Weidlé reconsidered the development of the aesthetics of the first third of the 20th century, showing key changes in literature and art. During this period, it’s observed the disappearance of the individual from the system of views on the nature of literary work, massive influence of analytical approaches, both in literary criticism and in literature itself, fragmentation of wholeness of literary work in aesthetic perception and replicating its techniques. Researchers still often consider to the idea of “cohesion” through Shklovsky’s theory, that inevitably creates distortion in the apprehension of Tolstoy’s aesthetics.
A History of Design, Creation, Publication, and Critical Reception of Lyubov Gurevich’s Novel “Flatland” (“Ploskogoryeˮ)
Authors: Mikhailova Maria Viktorovna
Published: November 2024

The article attempts to characterize L.Y. Gurevich’s (1866-1940) creative persona and explain the reasons behind her refusal to continue her career as a writer and her transition to “the guild of critics.” A study of contemporary responses to the novel Ploskogorye (Flatland, 1897) suggests that their utterly arbitrary interpretation of the central idea, misinterpretation of the content and harsh criticism seemed to be painful to the young writer. The incomprehension of the critics, which could be found even in well-intentioned reviews, their contradictory remarks and focus on secondary aspects reveal, among other things, shortcomings of the methodology of criticism in general (especially in populist and Marxist criticism). Moreover, it also demonstrates male critics’ common unfriendliness towards women’s writing, which the author of the novel could not help but feel. In addition, the reviews allow us to look at the unsuccessful method of promoting the novel by the writer herself and similar ways that critics used to diminish the importance of works written by female authors. Nevertheless, various interpretations of the novel make it possible to read it from different perspectives and conclude how readers might have reacted to it.
Distribution Area of the Naukan Language: Geography of Multilingualism and Dynamics of Contacts
Authors: Pupynina Maria Yu. , Koryakov Yury B.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the distribution area of the Naukan Yupik language and linguistic contacts of speakers of the Naukan language with speakers of the Chukchi, Inupiaq and Central Siberian Yupik languages. According to the literature sources, supplemented by data obtained during field work in Chukotka, the distribution area of the Naukan language is described in the context of the Naukan-Chukchi-Inupiaq multilingual zone, where all three languages were widespread to varying degrees. This area includes, in addition to the village of Naukan, the Diomede Islands, as well as the Chukchi villages of Uelen and Inchoun. The article also provides a description of the historical development of this zone over the past few centuries, during which residents of several separate Naukan speaking villages resettled into one large village, Naukan. The Central Siberian Yupik language, despite its genetic proximity to Naukan, was not part of this contact zone. The article provides linguistic data comparing borrowings from Chukchi into the Naukan and Central Siberian Yupik languages, indicating that Naukan had been in contact with Chukchi for quite a long time, regardless of the Central Siberian Yupik language.
A Fragment National Library of Russia Greek 87: A New Find of the New Tropologion
Authors: Nikiforova Alexandra Ju.
Published: November 2024

The article identifies a hymnographic 8th–9th centuries fragment National Library of Russia Greek 87, brought in 1859 from the Christian Orient by Constantine Tischendorf and sold by him to the Imperial Public Library, as a witness of the new Hierosolymitan tropologion. The folio contains seven hymns for the Cheesefare Week of Great Lent. It is the second as of today, after Sin. Gr. NF MG 56+5, such a collection in Greek, i.e. of Quadragesima, has been identified. The texts are published for the first time with a Russian translation and accompanied by a commentary.
Interaction Between Reflexive and Caritive Markers in the Norwegian Language
Authors: Gordeev Nikita O.
Published: November 2024

The author studies the interaction between the basic Norwegian reflexive marker and several frequent caritive verbs. The study shows that there are diverse forms of the interaction possible, ranging from simple derivation of reflexive forms to idiomatic change of verb’s meaning or ban on verb-reflexive pairings. The author also tries to analyze possible factors that can influence the studied interaction, i.e. causative and decausative semantics of a verb, the degree of its “specialization” on expressing caritive meaning etc. The final part of the paper studies the interaction between several Norwegian reflexive verbs and preposition uten ‘without’, such constructions are compared with similar Russian ones.
ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ СИСТЕМИ НАКОПИЧУВАЛЬНОГО ПЕНСІЙНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: РУЩИШИН Надія , ГРИЦАК Оксана , РУЩИШИН Марія
Published: November 2024

У дослідженні наведено аргументи на користь існування об’єктивної потреби в реформуванні пенсійного забезпечення в Україні, зокрема через поширення системи накопичувального забезпечення. Вказано на недоліки чинної солідарної системи, що не дозволяють державі у повній мірі забезпечити соціальний захист населення у сфері пенсійного забезпечення. Надані характеристики системи накопичувального пенсійного забезпечення стосуються її переваг порівняно з солідарною системою та здатності вирішувати складні соціально-економічні завдання; передумов та тенденцій, які визначають вектори реформування державного управління в контексті впровадження в Україні накопичувальної пенсійної системи; процесів посилення соціального захисту та соціальних гарантій населення через зміну рівнів та умов пенсійної системи. Сформовано комплекс перешкод та стимулів розвитку системи накопичувального пенсійного забезпечення в Україні, які стосуються вдосконалення нормативно-правової бази, модернізації інституційного забезпечення, осучаснення ринкової інфраструктури, державного регулювання та тенденцій внутрішнього ринку праці, якості життя населення та ін.
The impact of budget deficit on inflation: Insights of Sri Lanka
Authors: Viththika Selvavinayagam , Arulrajah Jeyapiratheeba Anton , Gnanachandran Gnanasubramaniam
Published: November 2024

This research explores the impact of budget deficits on inflation in Sri Lanka from 1990 to 2022, examining both long-term and short-term effects. The study uses statistical methods like unit root tests and econometric models, including the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and the Error Correction Model (ECM), to assess the reliability and stability of these relationships. Inflation is the dependent variable, with budget deficits as the primary independent variable, and money supply, interest rates, and unemployment rates as secondary variables. Findings indicate an inverse relationship between budget deficits and long-term inflation, while money supply and unemployment rates positively affect inflation. In the short term, previous year’s money supply, budget deficit, and unemployment rates are negatively correlated with inflation. However, the previous year’s budget deficit and the current year’s unemployment rate significantly increase short-run inflation. Interest rates do not significantly impact inflation in either the short or long term. This study, through historical data analysis and econometric techniques, aims to clarify these impacts, enhancing understanding of Sri Lanka’s macroeconomic dynamics and aiding policymakers in sustainable economic management.
Leveraging machine learning for augmenting organizational effectiveness: Analytic hiearchy process framework
Authors: Jha Srirang Kumar , Jha Shweta , Arora Monika
Published: November 2024

Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a unique tool which can help in improvising the usage of machine learning in attaining organizational effectiveness. True, machine learning has emerged as one of the most important tools in enhancing organizational effectiveness through improved strategic decision-making vis-à-vis key performance indicators. It has redefined the way companies can create, and measure value added, and experiences generated for the end users of their products, services, and other offerings. Machine learning algorithms are being leveraged for making more predictive and prescriptive key performance indicators which ultimately contribute towards optimizations of business processes and overall improvement in the competitiveness of the organizations. It also helps the organizations in attaining excellence in execution of strategic decisions through almost accurate predictive insights on various management functions related to HR, marketing, finance, and operations which in turn boost stakeholder satisfaction. In this study, the authors have developed an analytic hierarchy process framework based on review of 166 peer-reviewed research papers to determine how the organizations can priorities management functions and their attributes coupled with machine learning applications for higher levels of efficiencies. Insights from this article may help the practicing managers in prioritizing use of machine learning in management functions for optimizing results and improving overall organizational effectiveness.
Pilihan Tanpa Kandidat: Mengupas Fenomena Kotak Kosong Pilkada 2024 LampungPilihan Tanpa Kandidat: Mengupas Fenomena Kotak Kosong Pilkada 2024 LampungPilihan Tanpa Kandidat: Mengupas Fenomena Kotak Kosong Pilkada 2024 LampungPilihan Tanpa Kandidat: Mengupas Fenomena Kotak Kosong Pilkada 2024 Lampung
Authors: Irawan Hendra , Habiburrahman  , Wulandia Selsa , Ravika Reza
Published: November 2024

The Empty Box phenomenon is a current that is being discussed ahead of the 2024 elections, which is certainly inseparable from democracy. Empty boxes are predicted to be a solution as well as an inconsistency that erodes democratic values. In Lampung itself, there are two regions that will fight the Empty Box in the upcoming 27 November 2024 Pilkada, which is motivated by several factors, one of which is political domination. Understanding the existence of the Empty Box is important especially for mutual understanding and avoiding misconceptions. This article focuses on how the presence of the Empty Box in the conception of democracy and the empiricism of the community to channel their disapproval of the Single Candidate. This research uses Library Research method, literature study with descriptive and comparative approaches to describe the data into straightforward, detailed and clear sentences that make it easier to understand. The results showed that the Empty Box in the concept of democracy is a solution, but also a new problem, especially in Lampung where there are practices of political domination
Sotorasib Treatment Could Worsen the Prognosis of Advanced KRASG12C-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Dueñas-Gonzalez Alfonso , Gutierrez-Delgado Francisco
Published: November 2024

Sotorasib, the first RAS inhibitor FDA-approved drug for advanced, KRASG12C-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), was approved in May 2021 under the FDA-Accelerated Approval program. This commentary critically reviews the results on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the CodeBreaK 200 trial, a randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial published in The Lancet in 2023. The study reported increased PFS with sotorasib based on a reduced hazard ratio (HR). Despite the FDA's rejection of regular approval for sotorasib in October 2023, the accelerated approval status is maintained pending further confirmatory trials. We stress the crucial role of journal editors in ensuring the comprehensive reporting of statistical analyses in RCTs, particularly for publications in highly-ranked journals like The Lancet, which can heavily influence the clinical practice of oncology. Their role in upholding the highest scientific integrity and transparency standards is essential for informing oncologists, patients, and decision-makers of public health systems.
Evaluation of the Tobacco Heating System (THS) During Closed Lower Limb Fracture Healing in Trauma Smokers’ Patients
Authors: Herbst Moritz , Aspera-Werz Romina , Braun Benedikt , Schulz Kevin , Rollmann Mika F. , Histing Tina , Nussler Andreas
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Since 1976, it's been recognized that increased cigarette consumption correlates with decreased bone density, hindering fracture healing and leading to prolonged hospitalization. Although prior research has shown the relatively less harmful effects of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) on bone cells in lab settings and animal models, clinical evidence regarding their impact on fracture healing remains scarce. This study aims to investigate whether switching to a tobacco heating system (THS) post-orthopedic surgery improves outcomes for smoking patients during tibia or femur fracture healing over a 6-month period.

METHODS: The study is a prospective, open-label, non-parallel, single-center trial involving 150 patients from a Level 1 Trauma center, Germany, diagnosed and treated for closed tibia, closed femur shaft, or closed distal femur fractures (according to AO/OTA: 41A2-41C3, 42A-C, 43A-C, 32A-C, 33A2-3, 33B-C). Participants will be categorized into three groups based on smoking behavior: smokers (no intervention), THS (participants switching from cigarettes to THS), and ex-smokers (participants abstaining from cigarettes or ENDS during the study). Clinical, radiological, and laboratory data will be collected during preoperative and postoperative assessments at 6, 12, 18, and 24 weeks. The primary outcome will be the serum concentration of N-terminal propeptide procollagen type 1, a bone formation marker. Secondary outcomes include bone metabolism, healing, immunological, blood count, and clinical parameters. Approval for the study protocol and consent declarations was obtained from the ethics committee of the medical faculty of Eberhard Karls University (724/2022BO1).

DISCUSSION: The study results will provide evidence that switching to THS previous orthopedic intervention improves clinical outcomes during closed tibia or femur fracture healing in smokers’ patients due to reduced bone resorption rate consequent to the diminished activity of cigarette smoke-activated osteoclast.
Influence of a City Block on ES-CFD Coupled Analysis
Authors: Yamamoto Tatsuhiro
Published: November 2024

Coupled analysis using the complementary methods of energy simulation (ES) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can improve the calculation accuracy of thermal environment simulations. However, existing studies on ES-CFD coupled analyses that consider the effects of solar radiation and surrounding conditions have been insufficient. In practice, net solar radiation fluctuates, owing to the influence of urban blocks, and the solar radiation incident on the interior determines the heating range of the interior, which results in fluctuations in the convective heat transfer coefficient. This study conducted an ES-CFD coupled analysis to examine differences in the convective heat transfer coefficients due to the different insolation conditions and the surroundings of target buildings. The risk of condensation was evaluated using the dew point temperature in the analysis model, and a neutral insulation performance was employed in the set cases with the presence or absence of urban streets as a variable. Buildings within urban city blocks were observed to have a lower dew point temperature and a higher risk of condensation, which is a reasonable assessment. The results of this study will contribute significantly to the development of comprehensive simulation technologies.
Algorithm for Planning Flexible Outcome-Based Engineering Curricula to Meet the Employee Needs of a Cluster of Companies
Authors: Vedhathiri Thanikachalam
Published: November 2024

In the last twenty years the graduates of traditional engineering programs could get employment. More than 1000 engineering colleges were closed. One of the reasons is due to an outmoded curriculum without providing any exposure to real-world projects, on-the-job training, flexibility, no challenging problems that demand problem-solving skills, critical thinking skills, no case studies, and no exposure to entrepreneurship. By getting feedback from industry representatives, faculty members, and graduates, this action research has been undertaken to develop a flexible, outcome-based, industry-specific curriculum. Further, the credits earned through on-the-job training, internships, courses completed through mass open, online courses, and knowledge earned by self-directed learning and taken into account. These flexible courses have to be accredited and the institutes should offer the needed industrial exposure, industrial training, and advanced cognitive methods, curriculum evaluation based on the fast growth of industrial advancements. The developed algorithm can be adopted to evaluate many other engineering programs. Three successful case studies have also been presented. It is suggested to create policies to offer needed on-the-job training, internships, and compensation to the companies.
Exploring the Multidimensional Influences on Sleep and Active Heart Rate Dynamics: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Wang Cheng , Lizardo Omar , Hachen David S.
Published: November 2024

This study offers an in-depth examination of how various social, personal, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors are associated with both sleep and active heart rate dynamics among college students. Utilizing data collected from 487 participants over a span of 637 days via wearable technology, this research aims to unravel the intricate relationships that influence heart rate variations. Through the application of latent growth-curve modeling, we meticulously analyzed the trajectory of heart rate changes and their associations with a broad spectrum of influencing factors. This methodological approach allowed for a nuanced understanding of the dynamic interplay between heart rate and its determinants over time. The analysis revealed a consistent increase in both sleep and active heart rates across the study period, accompanied by stable standard deviations. Peer influence significantly impacted sleep and active heart rates, especially at rest. Gender and race/ethnicity were associated with heart rate dynamics, as were conscientiousness and depression levels. Environmental factors, including days of the week, academic periods, and weather conditions, exhibited significant effects. Behavioral factors, such as physical activity and daily class attendance, played a substantial role in heart rate patterns. Our findings underscore the complex interplay of factors influencing heart rate dynamics in young adults. Tailored interventions should consider these multifaceted influences to promote optimal cardiovascular well-being.
Cannula Implantation Reduces the Severity of the Beta Amyloid Effect on Peroxidized Lipids and Glutathione Levels in the Brain of BALB/c Mice
Authors: Mukhina K. A. , Mitkevich V. A. , Popova I. Yu.
Published: November 2024

Sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (sAD) is the most common of neurodegenerative disorders. The lack of effective therapy indicates that the mechanisms of sAD development remain poorly understood. To investigate this pathology in animals, intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) using a Hamilton syringe, either during stereotactic surgery or through a pre-implanted cannula, is used. In this study, we analyzed the effect of chronic cannula implantation on the severity of Aβ effects at the behavioral, histological, and biochemical levels. The results showed that the local damage to neural tissue caused by cannulation has no bearing on the effect of Aβ on animal behavior and the microglial parameters of the unilateral hippocampus two weeks after the Aβ administration. However, cannula implantation fundamentally modifies some biochemical markers of the oxidative stress that occurs in the brain tissue in response to Aβ administration. Thus, the presence of a cannula reduces the severity of the Aβ impact on the levels of peroxidized lipids and glutathione two- and 10-fold, respectively. It is important to note that the detected changes are chronic and systemic. This is known because the homogenate of the entire contralateral (in relation to the cannula implantation site) hemisphere was analyzed, and the analysis was performed two weeks after implantation. At the same time, cannulation does not affect the rate of reactive oxygen species production. The obtained data indicate that chronic implantation of a cannula into the brain of experimental animals fundamentally distorts some parameters of oxidative stress in the neural tissue, which are widely used to assess the severity of experimental Alzheimer’s-type diseases.
5'-Noraristeromycin Repurposing: Well-known S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine Hydrolase Inhibitor As a Potential Drug Against Leukemia
Authors: Novikova O. N. , Matyugina E. S. , Gorshenin A. V. , Velikorodnaya Yu. I. , Krengauz M. D. , Vedernikova V. O. , Spirin P. V. , Prasolov V. S. , Kochetkov S. N. , Khandazhinskaya A. L.
Published: November 2024

5ˊ-Noraristeromycin as a racemic mixture of enantiomers was found to exhibit a pronounced cytotoxic effect on leukemia cells; IC50 for the Jurkat, K562, and THP-1 cell lines was 7.3, 1.3, and 3.7 μM, respectively. The general toxicity of 5'-noraristeromycin was studied in experiments on white mice upon single-dose intragastric administration; toxicometric parameters were determined, and the clinical and pathomorphological presentation of acute intoxication was studied. LD50 of the substance was shown to be 63.2 (52.7÷75.8) mg/kg; LD16, 44.7 mg/kg, and LD84, 89.4 mg/kg. Administration of the substance at a dose within the studied dose range is accompanied by systemic damage to the internal organs and tissues of the experimental animals.
Характеристика генома двух новых фагов Lactococcus lactis phage vL_296 и vL_20A
Authors: Chuksina T. A. , Fatkulin A. A. , Sorokina N. P. , Smykov I. T. , Kuraeva E. V. , Masezhnaya E. S. , Smagina K. A. , Shkurnikov M. Yu.
Published: November 2024

Fermented dairy products are produced using starter cultures. They ferment milk to create products with a certain texture, aroma, and taste. However, the lactic acid bacteria used in this production are prone to bacteriophage infection. We examined the genomes of two newly discovered bacteriophage species that were isolated from cheese whey during the cheesemaking process. We have determined the species and the lytic spectrum of these bacteriophages. Phages vL_20A and vL_296 were isolated using lactococcal indicator cultures. They have unique lytic spectra: of the 21 possible identified host bacteria, only four are shared amongst them. The vL_20A and vL_296 genomes comprise linear double-stranded DNA lengths with 21,909 and 22,667 nucleotide pairs, respectively. Lactococcus phage bIL67 (ANI 93.3 and 92.6, respectively) is the closest to the phages vL_20A and vL_296. The analysis of the CRISPR spacers in the genomes of starter cultures did not reveal any phage-specific vL_20A or vL_296 among them. This study highlights the biodiversity of L. lactis phages, their widespread presence in dairy products, and their virulence. However, the virulence of phages is balanced by the presence of a significant number of bacterial strains with different sensitivities to phages in the starter cultures due to the bacterial immune system.
Sun Protection Strategies of Young Children and their Parents: A Comparative, Cross-Sectional Study from Türkiye
Authors: Keskinkaya Zeynep , Işık Mermutlu Selda , Kaya Özge , Taşkıran Ayşegül
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to investigate the frequency of sun protection measures used by young children and their parents and evaluate the possible effect of parental knowledge and behavior on their children’s sun safety practices. A sun safety awareness test and a self-reported questionnaire survey regarding sun protection strategies, reasons and barriers for using these methods were conducted on parents of children aged 3-5 years between June and December 2023. One hundred fourty parents [median age: 35 (27-49), female:male=113:27] were included. Parents who sought advice from their physicians [14.0 (0-19)] had a higher median awareness score than those who did not [12.0 (1-18)] (p
İşitme Cihazı Kullanmayan Geriatrik Bireylerin Konuşma Algısı, Uzaysal Algı ve İşitme Kalitesi ile Yaşam Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çekiç Şule , Şahin Pınar
Published: November 2024

Yaşlanmayla birlikte hem fiziksel hem de fonksiyonel pek çok farklılaşmalar olmaktadır. Benzer durum duyusal işlevlerde de görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada yaşlanmayla meydana gelen genel sağlık durumundaki değişikliklerin konuşma algısı, uzaysal algı ve işitme kalitesi ile ilişkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu prospektif anket çalışmasında işitme cihazı kullanmayan, genel sağlık durumu ile ilgili herhangi bir yakınması olmayan 31 sağlıklı yaşlı yetişkin (60+ yaş) değerlendirilmiştir. Kontrol grubunda ise 31 sağlıklı genç yetişkin (18-30 yaş) yer almıştır. Çalışma; Konuşma, Uzaysal Algı ve İşitme Kalitesi (KUİK) ölçeği ve SF-12 kısa form yaşam kalitesi anketi kullanılarak dijital platformlar üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yaşlı yetişkinlerde konuşma algısı, uzaysal algı ve işitme kalitesi düzeyleri ile yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel ve mental bileşenleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Ayrıca KUİK genel toplam puanın yanı sıra konuşma algısı, uzaysal algı ve işitme kalitesi boyutlarına ait puanlar gruplar arasında karşılaştırılmıştır. Yaşlı ve genç yetişkin gruplarının KUİK genel toplam puanlarının, konuşma algısı ve uzaysal algı alt boyutlarına ait puanlarının anlamlı şekilde farklı olduğu (p
PUBLIC POLICY IN THE FIELD OF BUSINESS ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors:   Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, Samoylenko Larisa , Drobot Anton ,   Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy
Published: November 2024

The article examines the issue of business economic security in the context of public policy, with a particular focus on the challenges faced by enterprises in Ukraine during the full-scale war. Business economic security is one of the key elements of the stable functioning of the national economy, as entrepreneurial activity serves as the foundation for economic growth, job creation, and state budget revenues. However, modern challenges such as war, inflation, currency fluctuations, political instability, and cyber threats jeopardize the stability of enterprises, emphasizing the importance of state intervention and support. The study analyzes the theoretical aspects of business economic security, including the concept of economic security, its main characteristics, and factors influencing the resilience of enterprises. The role of the state in ensuring economic security, particularly in wartime conditions when businesses suffer significant losses due to infrastructure destruction, asset loss, and production capacity damage, is also explored. The article pays special attention to analyzing the existing public policy mechanisms aimed at supporting business economic security in Ukraine. Legislative initiatives, regulatory tools, and institutional mechanisms used by the state to protect businesses from economic threats are reviewed. The article also highlights international approaches to shaping public policy in the field of economic security, which can be useful for improving national strategies. The authors consider the main threats to business economic security, including inflation, currency fluctuations, financial crises, political risks, war, international sanctions, as well as technological challenges and cyber threats. The war in Ukraine creates new economic and political risks that negatively affect the business environment, particularly through infrastructure destruction and loss of the workforce. The study proposes strategies and recommendations for enhancing business economic security in the context of war and economic crisis. In particular, it emphasizes the need to increase transparency and stability in public policy, develop partnerships between the state and business, and support innovative and technological initiatives. Implementing these recommendations will allow Ukrainian enterprises to better adapt to new challenges and minimize risks associated with economic instability. The article concludes by summarizing the key aspects of the study and stating that future research should focus on exploring new challenges related to post-war economic recovery and developing comprehensive strategies that will enable businesses to remain resilient and competitive in the face of both global and local crises.
THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF EMPLOYMENT AND STRATEGEIS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   University of Economics and Law KROK, Petrova Iryna , Barash Alina ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman
Published: November 2024

The article explores the transformation of employment and human resources under the influence of the digital economy. Digital technologies are changing the professional structure, automating processes, and creating new requirements for workers. While new professions are emerging, they are often aimed at further automation, raising the risk of mass unemployment and loss of control over one's professional future. Special attention is given to the impact of digitalization on shifts in approaches to human resource management. The article also discusses an ecosystem approach to labor organization based on human-technology interaction and the importance of preserving humanistic values in the new economy
Un piano per il lavoro verde e la mobilità sostenibile. Analisi di scenario
Authors: D’Alessandro Simone , Bonetti Marta , Cano-Ortiz David , Ceraolo Michele
Published: November 2024

La ricerca, promossa dalle organizzazioni che fanno parte dell'Alleanza Clima Lavoro, ha l'obiettivo di simulare l'impatto economico, sociale e ambientale di un piano per il lavoro ver-de e la mobilità sostenibile, mirato a promuovere l'elettrificazione della mobilità in Italia e la decarbonizzazione del settore trasporti. Le simulazioni sono state effettuate utilizzando il mo-dello macroeconomico Eurogreen, uno strumento basato sulla dinamica dei sistemi, calibrato specificamente per il contesto italiano. Nelle analisi di scenario, sono state considerate ipotesi aggiuntive, come la riduzione dell'orario di lavoro settoriale e un aumento delle esportazioni di prodotti legati alla mobilità sostenibile. I risultati indicano che, sebbene il piano favorisca una riduzione delle emissioni e un aumento dell'occupazione, politiche integrative saranno necessarie per rendere la transizione ecologica un processo equo e che crei lavoro di qualità. L'articolo sottolinea quindi l'importanza di un approccio sistemico e integrato per affrontare le sfide della transizione verso un futuro più sostenibile ed equo, con particolare attenzione alle dinamiche socioeconomiche.
Sindacato e politiche industriali in transizione. Il caso di industria italiana autobus
Authors: Bez Charlotte , Castellani Angelo , La Rocca Emanuela , Sala Gianluca
Published: November 2024

In Italia i trasporti sono uno dei principali settori responsabili delle emissioni di CO2 annue, con la mobilità privata responsabile del 70% delle emissioni dei veicoli su gomma. La transizione ecologica, che include l'elettrificazione dei mezzi di trasporto e il potenziamento del trasporto pubblico da parte dello Stato, è cruciale per ridurre queste emissioni. Il presente contributo analizza il ruolo della Federazione Impiegati Operai Metallurgici (Fiom) nella crisi aziendale di Industria Italiana Autobus (Iia), focalizzandosi sull'agenda sindacale in materia di transizione ecologica e politiche industriali. La ricerca si basa su interviste semi-strutturate con membri della Fiom di Bologna e Avellino. I risultati della ricerca mostrano una visione comune della transizione come un'opportunità per migliorare l'occupazione e produrre beni socialmente utili; non come una minaccia, ma come un mezzo per garantire un futuro sostenibile, promuovendo alleanze tra sindacati e movimenti ambientalisti.
Eco-sindacalismo per trasformazioni giuste
Authors: González Reyes Luis
Published: November 2024

Una transizione eco-sociale nelle economie più ricche implica una profonda trasformazione economica basata su cinque assi fondamentali: la diminuzione dei consumi materiali ed ener-getici, la localizzazione dell'economia, la diversificazione, l'integrazione del metabolismo umano nell'ecosistema e la redistribuzione della ricchezza. Affinché tutto questo possa verifi-carsi è necessaria la costruzione dell'autonomia economica. Le implicazioni occupazionali di tali trasformazioni sono molto importanti. Innanzitutto, è probabile una perdita netta di ore di lavoro nell'economia nel suo complesso, nonché la riduzione di molti settori di attività. La seconda implicazione è che l'economia nel suo complesso dovrà basarsi sul settore primario agro-ecologico. È sulla base di questi assunti che Ecologistas en Acción lavora insieme a di-verse organizzazioni sindacali. Da questo lavoro emergono dunque due linee strategiche. La prima riguarda la protezione degli individui, con misure come il job sharing (riduzione dell'orario di lavoro, prepensionamento) o il reddito di base. La seconda è la costruzione dell'autonomia economica attraverso misure quali il recupero e l'esproprio dei luoghi della produzione e la costruzione di cooperative e di mutue.
Protagonismo sindacale verso la transizione giusta a Civitavecchia
Authors: Caligari Marco , Asara Viviana
Published: November 2024

La partecipazione dei lavoratori e delle comunità coinvolte è stata identificata come elemento chiave nei processi di Transizione Giusta. Inoltre, la letteratura degli Environmental Labour Studies ha indagato alcune delle condizioni contestuali e i motivi per cui i sindacati a volte si oppongono o ritardano le transizioni ecologiche, e altre volte le supportano con un ruolo trasformativo. Questo articolo analizza un caso di transizione energetica dal carbone in Italia con una forte partecipazione "dal basso", la centrale elettrica a carbone Enel di Torrevaldaliga Nord (Civitavecchia) sotto il controllo Enel, in cui ha giocato un ruolo di rilievo il protagonismo sindacale. Il contributo cerca di far luce sui processi attraverso i quali si è sviluppato questo protagonismo, tale da costruire una negoziazione sociale nel territorio con le Istituzioni nella direzione di una Transizione Giusta, grazie all'apporto essenziale di due fattori precipui ? la valorizzazione della cooperazione con esperti e saperi eterogenei, e la coalizione tra sindacati e organizzazioni ambientaliste ? focalizzandosi in particolar modo su un anno di snodo centrale, il 2019. Il saggio rappresenta un work in progress, presentando alcuni risultati di una prima fase di ricerca sul campo che ha permesso di raccogliere 33 interviste semi-strutturate.
L'emergere dell'istruzione mediata da piattaforme digitali. Critica Delle retoriche dominanti a partire da una ricerca sul campo
Authors: Armano Emiliana , Briziarelli Marco , Risi Elisabetta
Published: November 2024

Questo articolo si basa sull'interpretazione dei risultati di una ricerca qualitativa volta a investigare l'esperienza vissuta da professori e docenti nel periodo della normalità pandemica (e post), sviluppata prevalentemente in Italia, ma integrata con esperienze di vissuti europei e statunitensi. L'analisi si focalizza su due aspetti: da un lato, dal punto di vista teorico, la possibile alternativa all'egemonia degli obiettivi di apprendimento finalizzati e feticizzati dalla dimensione della "misurabilità" e del raggiungimento dei risultati orientati riduttivamente alla valutazione e alla performatività di un modello di istruzione iperindustrializzato. Dall'altro, sulla base dei risultati di una ricerca empirica esplorativa, investiga come a chi lavora nella formazione superiore e universitaria sia richiesto di adattarsi ai formati previsti nell'insegnamento mediato: i lavoratori sono quindi "spinti" ad operare in termini di soggettività neoliberale, mobilitando in maniera performativa forme acritiche di auto-attivazione di risorse comunicative, relazionali e personali.
Performance measurement systems in an era of complexity, uncertainty and grand challenges
Authors: Vitale Gianluca
Published: November 2024

The current uncertain and emergency environment is challenging business man-agement like never before. Companies are called to face many complex and wicked problems affecting society on a global scale. Climate change, global pan-demics, social inequalities, war conflicts, digital transformation, and energy supply shortages are only a few of the critical issues companies must deal with daily. Per-formance measurement systems and management control practices can have a key role in addressing such a turbulent environment. Accordingly, the literature has recently started investigating their role in supporting companies facing societal "Grand Challenges". The scientific debate on this topic is intense but still in its in-fancy leaving open wide research areas that need to be further explored and inves-tigated. The articles included in this volume fuel the ongoing debate by analysing the role of performance measurement systems and management control tools in several contexts and under uncertain and emergency conditions.
The Relevance of Rewards in Performance- Based Management Control
Authors: Kilpinen Vilma , Claude Mutiganda Jean , Skoog Matti
Published: November 2024

This study aims to increase the understanding of how employees in different or-ganizational contexts and hierarchical levels explain and appreciate, i.e. under-stand, their organisation's reward systems. Two different schools of thought have dominated the debate of how to conceptualize the role of rewards in performance management and organisation psychology literature: agency theory and self-determination theory. This study combines these schools and take both monetary aspects into account in line with what is prescribed in agency theory and more non-financial aspects that self-determination consider. The study applies a case study approach based on interviews and publicly available information from five Finnish organisations. The organisations analysed operate in different sectors, have different organisational structures, and use different reward systems. From a careful investigation of the five different organisations, a cross-sectional picture emerges showing the role of reward systems in companies, and their perceived importance as management control tools. The findings show that reward transpar-ency and fair communication are the most significant factors affecting the experi-ence of employees towards performance-based management control system that is used to allocate rewards. Monetary rewards should also be complemented and linked with social non-financial rewards to reach the decent management control acceptance and understanding in the organisation.
Sustainable Performance: Unraveling the Nexus between ESG and Performance Management Systems
Authors: Borlatto Edoardo , Truant Elisa , Giacosa Elisa , Manzi Luca Maria
Published: November 2024

In the current highly competitive environment, firms are devoting growing levels of attention towards environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards as a response to external pressure from stakeholders. Consequently, scholars are cur-rently displaying heightened interest in examining the integration of financial and non-financial information, including ESG, within performance measurement sys-tems (PMSs). Adopting broader PMSs would provide companies with a more holis-tic comprehension of their performance, consequently avoiding prioritizing solely financial and economic indicators while neglecting sustainability and social re-sponsibility. We employed the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) protocol to car-ry out the research and conducted a comprehensive exploration of the subject un-der investigation. Specifically, we first constructed the research profile of the sam-ple, offering an overview of the existing knowledge in the field. Subsequently, we performed a meticulous and qualitative examination of the prevalent emerging themes discovered in the sample. Finally, the review concludes by presenting a structured research agenda that outlines various avenues for future research.
The Interaction of Sustainability Governance Structure and Sustainability Management Control Systems: An Italian Case Study
Authors: Cantele Silvia , Valcozzena Silvia , Campedelli Bettina , de’ Stefani Chiara , De Luca Marco
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze sustainability governance mechanisms and understand which roles and responsibilities fall under a governance system, as well as the pro-cesses of integrating sustainability into management control systems. Qualitative research focused on the case study analysis of SIT. Interviews were conducted with key figures within the firm regarding roles and responsibilities in sustainability issues to address the peculiarities related to sustainability governance design and implementation and to delve into the role of sustainability management control systems. Several documents were also analyzed: sustainability reports, sustainabil-ity plans, corporate monographs, and questionnaires related to participation in sustainability ratings and awards. Based on a review of the literature on corporate governance and the integration of corporate sustainability into it, including the analysis of previous studies on sus-tainability management control systems, this study found that good sustainability governance and a coherent sustainability management control system play a key role. They provide support in decision-making, enable the implementation of stra-tegic objectives consistent with sustainability targets, identify actions and best practices for effective improvement in sustainability performance, and enable the firm to pursue sustainable success. From a practical point of view, this case study represents a good example of how sustainability can permeate all business pro-cesses, thus providing opportunities for growth and continuous improvement.