bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Предиктори успішної професійної діяльності фахівців державної служби україни з надзвичайних ситуацій
Authors: Сіверс Зінаїда
Published: February 2022

У статті представлено результати емпіричного дослідження зі встановлення предикторів успішної (ефективної) професійної діяльності фахівців ДСНС. Дослідження проводилося в кілька етапів. На першому етапі його учасниками стали 25 звичайних громадян віком від 18 до 65 років і 15 фахівців, що мали досвід роботи в надзвичайних ситуаціях і представляли вікову групу 22–45 років. Було проведено дві фокус-групи: перша – зі звичайними громадянами (90 хв), друга – із фахівцями (120 хв). У результаті сформовано перелік професійних компетентностей фахівця екстремального профілю діяльності. Цей перелік містив також компетенції (оскільки частина респондентів через низький рівень обізнаності не розрізняла компетентності і компетенції) і складався із 27 пунктів. На другому етапі проводилося напівструктуроване інтерв’ю з кожним експертом (20 хв). Група експертів складалася з 12 осіб (поліцейські, військові, рятувальники, психологи). Добір експертів проводився з урахуванням таких критеріїв: стаж не менше ніж 5 років, участь у ліквідації наслідків надзвичайних ситуацій (повеней, пожеж, воєнних дій, аварій). Зрештою з переліку компетентностей було вилучено помилково включені компетенції, а деякі – об’єднано в компетентності. У подальшому експертам пропонувалося визначити ті компетентності, які є найважливішими для прогнозування успішної професійної діяльності. Кожну професійну компетентність потрібно було оцінити за п’ятибальною шкалою. На основі отриманих даних підраховувалася частота представленості певної компетентності. Це дало змогу визначити предиктори успішної професійної діяльності фахівців ДСНС, зокрема такі компетентності, як толерантність до невизначеності і ризикова компетентність. У статті також наведено результати огляду теоретичних та емпіричних досліджень, присвячених вивченню феноменів «толерантність до невизначеності» і «готовність до ризику», а також представлено психологічний інструментарій для вивчення цих феноменів. Головний висновок нашого аналізу полягає в тому, що спроби, зроблені для кращого розуміння феноменів толерантності до невизначеності і готовності до ризику, не видаються наразі настільки ефективними, щоб досягнути єдиного концептуального визначення або задовільної емпіричної міри, яка б охоплювала весь спектр допустимості невизначеності та змісту ризиків. Це значно ускладнює практичне опанування компетентностей, необхідних для успішної (ефективної) професійної діяльності фахівців ДСНС. А опитувальні методики, які є основним психологічним інструментарієм, є надто суб’єктивними.
Комплексна інтерактивна технологія підтримки освітніх реформ «КІТ-ПРО»: Підсумки та перспективи застосування
Authors: Grytsenok Liudmyla , Kapustiuk Olena
Published: February 2022

У статті висвітлюється актуальність питання технологізації як умови ефективності зміни ставлення громадян до освітніх реформ в Україні. Представлено огляд наукових досліджень щодо розуміння поняття «соціальна технологія»; зазначено, що в науковій літературі сьогодні ще немає однозначного визначення та розуміння цього терміна. Запропоновано узагальнене визначення поняття соціально-психологічної технології та її критеріїв, на основі яких було розроблено авторську технологію – «КІТ-ПРО» (комплексна інтерактивна технологія підтримки реформи освіти), яка може бути використана в роботі з учителями, учнями та їхніми батьками для забезпечення ними підтримки освітніх інновацій. Наведено опис соціально-психологічної технології «КІТ-ПРО», сформульовано її визначення, мету і завдання. Розкрито основні принципи, на яких побудовано авторську технологію; визначено критерії ефективності та ефекти впровадження. Проаналізовано результати застосування цієї технології з використанням даних моніторингової онлайн-анкети та авторської «Моделі оцінки ставлення» до освітніх інновацій. Виділено питання, які потребують подальших наукових розвідок, та окреслено перспективи застосування технології «КІТ-ПРО» в процесі формування позитивної громадської думки щодо будь-яких соціально-психологічних процесів.
Екранний час і здоров'я підлітків: Як віднайти баланс у часи пандемії
Authors: Naydonova Liubov , Umerenkova Nataliia , Diatel Nadiia
Published: February 2022

Представлено результати всеукраїнського масового опитування «Медіакультура в умовах пандемії», зокрема емпіричного дослідження екранних практик та показників здоров’я підлітків в умовах пандемії (вибірка: учні 7-10 класів з усіх макрорегіонів, усього 1732 особи). Висвітлено аналіз тривалості екранних практик підлітків та їхній зміст; представлено показники здоров’я підлітків та зв’язок цих показників з медіапрактиками; розглянуто можливі компенсатори медіаопосередкованого навчання під час пандемії. За параметрами тривалості та змісту екранних практик виявлено, що порівняно з 2018 р. 47,6% підлітків почали більше користуватися різними ґаджетами, а кількість дітей, які користуються інтернетом 7 годин і більше в будній день, зросла вдвічі. Також виявлено, що понад 60% підлітків використовують інтернет для навчання, понад половину – переглядають фільми та слухають музику, понад третину – грають в онлайн-ігри та публікують свою творчість. В умовах дистанційного навчання 69% дітей почали частіше шукати інформацію для навчання, 43% стали рідше грати в онлайн-ігри, 34,4% – рідше шукати нові знайомства в інтернеті. З огляду на показники здоров’я (соматичний дискомфорт і сон) кожен третій підліток постійно відчуває дискомфорт у спині, кожен четвертий – постійний головний біль і кожен четвертий часто не лягає спати всю ніч. Під час дистанційного навчання третина підлітків стала спати менше, а третина – більше. За допомогою коефіцієнта рангової кореляції Спірмена виявлено прямі зв’язки між тривалістю сну і тривалістю користування ґаджетами (с=0,56, р≤0,01), а також між частотою розладів сну і дискомфортом у спині (с=0,30; р≤0,01) та головним болем (с=0,24; р≤0,01). Окреслено можливі компенсатори медіаопосередкованого навчання: збільшення рухової активності, регулювання сну, практикування самомоніторингу часу онлайн, розподіл екранного часу між навчанням і рекреаційними практиками. Запропоновано, – як батькам, так і педагогам, – звернути увагу на необхідність пошуку додаткових форм роз’яснення причинно-наслідкових зв’язків між особливостями екранних практик і зазначеними компенсаторами, що сприятиме розвитку культури цифрового здоров’я.
Aposentaria com melhor qualidade de vida no Brasil: evidências em artigos empíricos e de revisão da literatura
Authors: Marques Samuel da Cruz , Soler Zaida Aurora Sperli Geraldes
Published: February 2022

Introdução: O Brasil enfrenta o desafio de lidar com o envelhecimento populacional sem contar com o respaldo cultural propício ao envelhecimento com qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Analisar artigos científicos empíricos e de revisão da literatura que abordem o preparo para a aposentadoria para melhor qualidade de vida, no Brasil. Métodos: Revisão de artigos científicos empíricos e de revisões integrativas e sistemáticas, que abordam aspectos de preparo para a aposentadoria com qualidade de vida, com busca bibliográfica na base de dados Lilacs e no Google Acadêmico, de 2000 até 2021, com textos completos e gratuitos. Resultados: Foram selecionados 29 artigos, sendo 10 de revisão da literatura e 19 empíricos; com maior número de publicações nos anos de 2017, 2020 e 2021; foram publicados principalmente em periódicos interdisciplinares. Conclusão: Constatou-se baixo número de artigos científicos nesta área, indicando necessidade de realização de pesquisas sobre preparação da aposentadoria com maior qualidade de vida, no contexto brasileiro.
Análisis del comportamiento emocional en alumnos de educación secundaria en el aprendizaje virtual
Authors: Sarmiento Saavedra Juan Carlos , Chango Sailema Wilson Gustavo , Mendoza Loor José Javier , Troya Loor María Angélica
Published: February 2022

Introducción. La educación evoluciona constantemente y cada vez mejora con la innovación de nuevas metodologías, estrategias, recursos y el avance tecnológico. Objetivo. Comparar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de educación mediante emociones para mejorar el aprendizaje virtual. Metodología. Se empleó la investigación de la ciencia del diseño. Los métodos que se aplicaron fueron el analítico, sintético y experimental. El estudio se realizó en la Unidad Educativa “Nueva Concordia”, a un grupo de once estudiantes que cursan el bachillerato obteniendo un muestreo no probabilístico debido a la pandemia mundial. El instrumento que se aplicó en la encuesta fue un cuestionario, que mediante la escala de Likert permitió medir la valoración de las emociones del estudiante y para el índice de consistencia interna se empleó el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach con un valor de 0,82 de muy alta confiabilidad y validez. Luego para indicar el grado de relación estadística entre las emociones y las notas se aplicó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Resultados. Los resultados mostraron que las emociones; felicidad, sorpresa y asco están correlacionadas positivamente y las emociones miedo y neutral de forma negativa con la nota del tutor virtual. Conclusión. La investigación permite concluir que las emociones no están fuertemente correlacionadas con la nota del estudiante luego de la interacción, sin embargo, sí influyen en la misma. Esto se debe a que todas las personas son distintas y aunque se encuentren algunas similitudes en este sentido no quiere decir que se cumplan de forma generalizada en todas las personas.
HUBUNGAN PERAN KELUARGA DALAM MERAWAT LANSIA DENGAN TINGKAT DEPRESI LANSIA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KUMUN
Authors: Aulia Azma
Published: February 2022

Lack of family role in caring elderly with depression level of elderly marked by still many elderly who less get care from family. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the family in caring for the elderly against the level of elderly depression in the work area of Kumun Public Health Center in 2015. This type of research is descriptive analytics using Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study were all Elderly who experienced Depression in Working Area of Public Health Center of Kumun with number of 105 people. The sample in this research is 60 respondents. Sampling is done by Accidental Sampling method by taking case or respondent that happened to exist or available somewhere in accordance with research context. The data were collected by using questionnaires and guided interviews in August 2018. The data analysis technique used in this research is Spearman Rank correlation test with 95% confidence degree (? = 0,05).  The results showed that Odd Ratio (OR) = 6.732 with P value = 0,005 where p < 0,05 then H0 rejected and H1 accepted which means that there is a significant relationship between the level of elderly depression with the role of family in caring elderly in the working area of Public Health Center of Kumun. This research is expected to serve as input for Public Health Center to improve nursing service of soul and family to give role and support in elderly care to prevent relapse of depression client.
Evolutionary Origins of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Turaman Cem
Published: February 2022

Diabetes became a global pandemic within only a few decades, and is now ravaging both the developed and developing worlds. Physicians, while competing with this “new” challenge are focusing mostly on the serum blood levels and diabetic complications; and in the best case, to the proximate causes of the disease such as obesity, family history, age and diet. The ultimate causes of this condition, like any other civilisation disorder, lay in the evolutionary history of the human. A number of hypotheses put forth to explain the exponential increase of the diabetes prevalence with an evolutionary point of view such as; evolutionary trade-offs, developmental plasticity, thrifty genotype, life history and selfish brain alongside with the disrupting change in human diet. Finally, four main interacting predisposing factors to consider in planning the diabetes control activities are prominent: Genes, prenatal environment, diet and physical activity. If the former two are difficult to act on, the latter two need to be introduced in the agenda of all the parties.
Teaching Dementia in Secondary Schools to Create Dementia Friendly Generation
Authors: Felc Brina , Leskošek Vesna , Felc Zlata
Published: February 2022

By educating non-health related students about dementia too, we can create a generation that is more supportive of people with dementia in the community where they live. The aim of the study was to evaluate knowledge of dementia and attitudes towards people with dementia among Slovenian non-health related students. A total of 1128 students (68.3 % of girls) aged 16.0 years in average (aged between 14 and 19 years) completed the questionnaire. Out of 20 questions and supplementary questions on dementia knowledge, participants were on average able to answer more than fourteen correctly. Respondents differed significantly on three sources. Respondents with relatives with dementia reported higher knowledge, boys reported lower levels of knowledge than girls, and students of secondary technical and vocational school, and of general secondary schools (grammar-school) scored significantly higher on the knowledge questionnaire comparison to students of lower vocational and secondary vocational schools. The results of research provide sources for further research about gender specific educational interventions and active inclusion of students with relatives with dementia in education which could improve general exposure of problem and gaining of knowledge for appropriate treatment.
Sleep Extension Improves Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Huang Chih-Shan , Tan Yong-Ning , Chang Tsui-San , Yang Chien-Ming , Sung Jia-Ying
Published: February 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sleep extension lowers blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic sleep restriction, and the moderating role of sleep apnea on the effect of sleep extension. Methods: This study enrolled 19 adults with type 2 diabetes and a sleep duration of less than 7 hours per night, of whom 16 (84.2 %) had obstructive sleep apnea. They were instructed to sleep at their usual time for 3 weeks as baseline, and then to increase their time in bed by 1 more hour per night for 3 weeks. Their sleep duration was recorded using actigraphy monitoring and sleep logs. Their fasting plasma glucose, glycated albumin, and glycated hemoglobin were measured before and after sleep extension. Results: Nine of the 19 (47.4 %) participants had a decrease in glycated albumin after sleep extension, and these participants had a significantly higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI; p < 0.001). The participants with an AHI ≥ 30 times per hour were older (p = 0.04), had a shorter baseline total sleep time measured by actigraphy (p = 0.04), and had a more significant decrease in glycated albumin after sleep extension (p = 0.01). The AHI level was significantly correlated with the extent of decrease in glycated albumin after sleep extension (r = 0.72, p = 0.001). Conclusion: The current study showed the potential of 3-week sleep extension in decreasing blood glucose in patients with diabetes comorbid with severe obstructive sleep apnea and sleep deprivation.
Lyfas, A Smartphone-Based Subclinical Depression Tracker
Authors: Chattopadhyay Subhagata , Das Rupam
Published: February 2022

Background: Subclinical traces of depression are difficult to diagnose; although, it influences other mental faculties. Lyfas is a smartphone-based ubiquitous and non-invasive biomedical application that captures Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and its associated Cardiovascular biomarkers (CVb), which might help detect such traces as mind and body are intertwined through autonomic modulation. Aim: Using Lyfas, an attempt has been made to (i) screen Subclinical depression states in adults by assessing the CVb scores, and (ii) analyze the psychophysiological effects of Subclinical depression on other mental faculties for establishing a correlation. Methods: The paper presents a retrospective observational study of 86 adults, comprised of 52 males and 36 females who took the Lyfas test. Lyfas findings are validated by an established questionnaire-based instrument under the supervision of a senior psychiatrist. Results: The study found that 77% of the subjects (84% females and 72% males) showed traces of Subclinical depression, further validated by a senior psychiatrist through a series of consultations. ‘Insomnia’ (males 36% and females 71%) and ‘Negative thoughts’ (males 36% and females 46%) were the two correlated high-rank effects of the Subclinical depression in the sample. Conclusion: The paper proposes that Lyfas can detect the traces of Subclinical depression in adults by capturing and interpreting CVb scores that surrogate for the Cardiac Autonomic Modulation (CAM) and provide the snapshot of the mind-body state of homeostasis.
Modulation of the Expression of TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, IFNy and IL-10 in THP1 Cell Line Following Infection with Leishmanai donovani Isolates from Different Clinical forms of Leishmaniasis
Authors: Al Dawi Amal F. , Babiker Dina T. , Mustafa N.K.Y. , Hussien Mohamed O , Ali Sababil S , Mukhtar Maowia M.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Protozoa of the genus Leishmania cause a wide range of pathologies from self-healing skin lesions to visceral pathology. The outcome of infection depends on the species of the infecting Leishmania parasite, the quality and quantity of the host immune response and the host genetic background. Objective: This study aimed to determine the differential expression of TL2, TL4, TL9, IFN-γ and IL-10 cytokine genes of Human THP1 cell line following in vitro infection with Leishmania donovani isolates from different clinical forms. Methods: Human THP1 cells were infected by live promastigotes of leishmania donovani isolates from visceral (VL), cutaneous (CL), Post Kala-Azar dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) and mucosal Leishmaniasis (ML) Patients. The expression of Tolls like receptor TL2, TL4 and TL9 and the expression of IFN-γ and IL-10 cytokine were measured using Real Time PCR. Results: A significant increase in the expression of TLR 2, TLR4 and TLR9 by THP-1 was detected following infection of THP-1 cells with L. donovani isolates from ML and PKDL patients. A high expression IL-10 mRNA by THP-1 cells was detected in cells infected by Leishmania donovani isolates from mucosal lesions. Conclusion: Leishmania donovani isolates from different clinical forms of Leishmaniasis induce different cytokine responses.
Identificação de Lophomonas spp em lavado broncoalveolar de indivíduo portador de SRAG por SARS-CoV-2 associado a tuberculose pulmonar
Authors: Araújo Caroline Pessoa , Trindade Aline Figueiras da , Oliveira George Gomes , Araújo Paulo Sérgio Ramos de , Souza Gustavo Lago Oliveira de
Published: February 2022

A infecção pelo protozoário Lophomonas spp é uma condição rara, com pouco mais de 250 casos descritos no mundo, nenhum deles no Brasil. Esta infecção está associada em sua grande maioria a estados de imunossupressão e a condições de higiene precárias em países subdesenvolvidos. O objetivo desde artigo é relatar o primeiro caso brasileiro de lofomoníase broncopulmonar em indivíduo do sexo masculino concomitantemente a Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) pelo novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) e tuberculose pulmonar. Durante a investigação do quadro respiratório, paciente apresentou nódulo solitário cavitado em exame de imagem, sendo submetido a lavado broncoalveolar que evidenciou a presença do protozoário do gênero Lophomonas spp. Foi iniciado tratamento medicamentoso com Metronidazol durante 14 dias, havendo melhora clínica, com interrupção da febre e posterior extubação. Dessa forma, se faz importante considerar a variedade de possibilidades etiológicas nos quadros infecciosos do trato respiratório que não respondem a terapêutica convencional empregada para pneumonias bacterianas e fúngicas.
O saber docente e a formação profissional: a relação entre o saber cotidiano e escolar no ensino e aprendizagem de matemática na educação básica
Authors: Cardoso Raiane Ribeiro , Valente Francilene Farias , Lobato Júnior José Maria dos Santos , Silva Francisco da Conceição , Lobato Marinaldo Carvalho , Chaves Neto Antonio Maia de Jesus , Costa José Francisco da Silva
Published: February 2022

O presente estudo é resultado de uma investigação que estudou os saberes docentes e a formação de professores, dando ênfase para a importância da relação entre saber cotidiano e saber escolar no ensino e na aprendizagem da Matemática. Teve como objetivo investigar se a formação profissional tem auxiliado o docente na relação entre o saber cotidiano e o saber escolar no processo de ensinar e aprender matemática. Tomamos como referencial teórico os estudos de Freire (1996), Lorenzato (2010), Gauthier (1998), Ribeiro (1997), Franchi (1995), Nogueira et al. (2014), Andrade (2013) e PCNs de Matemática (Brasil, 1998). Utilizamos da pesquisa bibliográfica, apropriando-se de métodos qualitativos com análise e discussão, apoiando-se em leitura, reflexão e diálogo. Os resultados mostram que a formação profissional de professores pouco contribui em formar docentes capazes de identificar a realidade em que o aluno está inserido, portanto, um grande desafio de ser docente está na prática de relacionar os conteúdos escolares com a realidade do educando, constatando-se que o ensino da matemática para ser mais efetivo tem a necessidade de considerarem a importância da relação entre os conteúdos das diferentes disciplinas escolares e a realidade e interesse dos alunos, pois seus conteúdos, quando abordados de forma isolada, não se tornam uma ferramenta eficaz para resolver problemas e para a construção de novos conceitos. Assim, a relação do saber escolar com o saber cotidiano se torna não só importante, mas necessário para o ensino e aprendizagem.
Case study on the clinical and anatomopathological descriptions of dog with primary uveal lymphoma
Authors: Dias Fernanda Gosuen Gonçalves , Magalhães Larissa Fernandes , Pereira Lucas de Freitas , Honsho Cristiane dos Santos , Costa Marina Laudares , Oliveira Alex Roberto de , Belmiro Daniela do Nascimento , Ramos Victória Marques Russo , Jorge Adriana Torrecilhas
Published: February 2022

Intraocular lymphoma is a malignant neoplasm, which commonly affects the uveal tract of dogs, most of the time, a consequence of the multicentric by the hematogenous spread of neoplastic lymphocytes. The symptoms are varied and the chronicity can cause serious eye problems such as glaucoma and loss of visual acuity. In view of the unusual occurrence of primary ocular lymphoma in dogs, the objective was to discuss the case of a dog with uveal involvement, presenting conjunctival congestion, increased episcleral vessels, hypopyon, hyphema and increased intraocular pressure. After seven days of conservative treatment, symptoms worsened, especially the intraocular pressure. The tutor returned only two months after the consultation with the sonographic report of neoplasia in the uvea. There was an increase in the ocular bulb, vascularization and corneal edema, posterior synechia, discomfort, loss of visual acuity and neoformation in the iris. Was opted for enucleation and the histopathology suggested large cell lymphoma in the uveal tract. Two years after surgery, no metastases were observed. It is concluded that lymphoma can affect the uveal tract primarily in dogs, demonstrating different clinical signs and, in addition, early diagnosis and correctly instituted treatment favor quality of life and survival of the affected.
Suporte social e assistencial de pessoas com demência e seus cuidadores através de um aplicativo móvel de saúde
Authors: Brites André da Silva , Caldas Célia Pereira , Motta Luciana Branco da , Sztajnberg Alexandre , Stutzel Matheus Costa , Filippo Michel Pedro , Carmo Danielli Santos do
Published: February 2022

Objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a utilização do Sistema Móvel de Assistência ao Idoso (SMAI) no cuidado de pessoas com demência por meio das mensagens trocadas entre os familiares cuidadores e os profissionais de saúde. Trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa, baseado no referencial fenomenológico descritivo, sobre a experiência de utilização do aplicativo SMAI na produção do cuidado em um serviço de geriatria e gerontologia. Os dados foram analisados com auxílio do software IRAMUTEQ e a técnica da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) para estimar a frequência das palavras por meio da classificação dos segmentos de textos em função dos vocabulários e análise lexical das palavras. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas sobre dois corpus textuais, sendo um deles resultado das mensagens enviadas pelos cuidadores e outro com as respostas dos profissionais de saúde. Trinta e quatro familiares cuidadores de pessoas com demência e cinco profissionais de saúde participaram do estudo. A utilização do sistema traduziu-se na organização das consultas; no manejo das alterações comportamentais; no monitoramento remoto e no gerenciamento do cuidado pela equipe de saúde do serviço, além do estreitamento do vínculo e melhoria da comunicação. As respostas dos profissionais por meio do aplicativo apontaram uma demanda relacionada a organização do cuidado da pessoa com demência no domicílio. O aplicativo SMAI funcionou como uma ferramenta inovadora de suporte social e assistencial aos familiares cuidadores que receberam orientações acerca do cuidar de uma pessoa com demência e suas especificidades. As transformações tecnológicas e sociais podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de modelos de cuidados à saúde cada vez mais inovadores. O estudo abre perspectivas para o desenvolvimento de aplicativos móveis que promovam o cuidado integral das pessoas com demência e ofereçam uma rede de suporte social aos familiares cuidadores.
Sustainable development goals and the scientific community: a systematic review of the literature and the research agenda
Authors: Dibbern Thais , Serafim Milena Pavan
Published: February 2022

The aim of this paper is to discuss the process of the constitution of the Sustainable Development Goals and, by extension, present how the scientific community has been collaborating with its legitimization and adoption. Specifically, we will explore and contextualize the 2030 Agenda and its relationship with the scientific community, presenting an overview of the field, as well as providing recommendations and directions for future research. Methodologically, the manuscript shares an exploratory approach and is carried out through bibliographic reviews and bibliometric analysis. The main results found are: most of the published studies analyzed originate from North-Global countries; there has been a quantitative growth regarding the number of publications made in the period consulted, especially between the years 2019-2021; regarding the types of studies identified, case studies on experiences implemented in the university environment stand out, as well as studies that address the social commitment of this community in relation to the SDGs; as for research collaboration, there is a predominance among countries of the Global North, with sporadic collaborations between countries of the Global North-South and the Global South-South.
Rotavirus infection-associated central nervous system complications: clinicoradiological features and potential mechanisms
Authors: Lee Kyung Yeon
Published: February 2022

Despite the introduction of vaccines in 2006, rotavirus remains one of the most common causes of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. While many studies have conclusively shown that rotavirus infection causes gastroenteritis and is associated with various extraintestinal manifestations including central nervous system (CNS) complications, extraintestinal manifestations due to rotavirus infection have been relatively overlooked. Rotavirus infection-associated CNS complications are common in children and present with diverse clinicoradiological features. Rotavirus infection-associated CNS complications can be classified based on clinical features and brain magnetic resonance imaging findings, particularly lesion location on diffusion-weighted imaging. Common clinicoradiological features of rotavirus infection-associated CNS complications include: (1) benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis; (2) acute encephalopathies/encephalitis, such as mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion, acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion, and acute necrotizing encephalopathy; (3) acute cerebellitis; and (4) neonatal rotavirus-associated leukoencephalopathy. The precise mechanism underlying the development of these complications remains unknown despite a number of clinical and laboratory studies. Here we review the diverse clinicoradiological features of rotavirus infection-associated CNS complications and propose a hypothesis of their pathophysiology.
Hyperbaric oxygen influences chronic wound healing – a cellular level review
Authors: RŮŽIČKA J , DEJMEK J , BOLEK L , BENEŠ J , KUNCOVÁ J
Published: February 2022

Chronic wound is a serious medical issue due to its high prevalence and complications; hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is also considered in comprehensive treatment. Clinical trials, including large meta-analyses bring inconsistent results about HBOT efficacy. This review is summarizing the possible effect of HBOT on the healing of chronic wound models at the cellular level. HBOT undoubtedly escalates the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen radicals (ROS and RNS), which underlie both the therapeutic and toxic effects of HBOT on certain tissues. HBOT paradoxically elevates the concentration of Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1 by diverting the HIF-1 degradation to pathways that are independent of the oxygen concentration. Elevated HIF-1 stimulates the production of different growth factors, boosting the healing process. HBOT supports synthesis of Heat shock proteins (HSP), which are serving as chaperones of HIF-1. HBOT has antimicrobial effect, increases the effectiveness of some antibiotics, stimulates fibroblasts growth, collagen synthesis and suppresses the activity of proteolytic enzymes like matrix metalloproteinases. All effects of HBOT were investigated on cell cultures and animal models, the limitation of their translation is discussed at the end of this revie
Short-Term Arterial Compliance Changes in the Context of Systolic Blood Pressure Influence
Authors: SVEC D , CZIPPELOVA B , CERNANOVA KROHOVA Jana , MAZGUTOVA N , WISZT R , TURIANIKOVA Z , MATUSKOVA L , JAVORKA M
Published: February 2022

Arterial compliance (C) is a complex parameter influencing ventricular-arterial coupling depending on structural (arterial wall remodeling) and functional (blood pressure, smooth muscles tone) changes. Based on Windkessel model, C can be calculated as the ratio of a time constant Tau characterizing diastolic blood pressure decay and total peripheral resistance (TPR). The aim of this study was to assess changes of C in the context of systolic arterial pressure (SAP) perturbations during four physiological states (supine rest, head-up tilt, supine recovery, mental arithmetic). In order to compare pressure independent changes of C a new index of C120 was proposed predicting C value at 120 mm Hg of SAP. Eighty-one healthy young subjects (48 f, average age 18.6 years) were examined. Hemodynamic parameters were measured beat-to-beat using volume-clamp photoplethysmographic method and impedance cardiography. We observed that C was strongly related to SAP values on the beat-to-beat time scale. Interestingly, C120 decreased significantly during stress phases. In conclusion, potential changes of SAP should be considered when measuring C. Arterial compliance changes in the opposite direction to TPR pointing towards influence of vascular tone changes on its value.
A csehszlovák állam születése: Prága, 1918. október 28.
Authors: Tóth Andrej
Published: February 2022

There was no Czechoslovakian state at the outbreak of WW1. Apart from a few „dreaming emigrants„, no one thought in 1914 that such a state would ever come into existence. However, the Great War (1914â€’1918) enabled the birth of the Czechoslovakian state. On October 18, 1918, the national committee in Prague announced the foundation of the new state. Through the October 28 events in Prague and the decisions of Czech politicians, the paper presents the birth of the First Czechoslovakian Republic.
Virulensi Isolat Phytophthora Palmivora Dalam Menimbulkan Penyakit Busuk Akar Pada Pembibitan Kakao
Authors: Rahmahwati Rizka , Khaeruni Andi , Bande La Ode Santiaji
Published: February 2022

Phytophthora  palmivora adalah salah satu patogen tular tanah yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit busuk akar, busuk buah, busuk tajuk dan hawar daun pada tanaman kakao. Penanganan patogen ini di lapangan relatif sulit karena adanya dugaan patogen ini mengalami perubahan virulensi dari waktu ke waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat virulensi isolat P. palmivora  dari  dua sentra produksi kakao di Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan dua isolat P. palmivora  yaitu isolat PPKT-Koltim dan isolat PPKS-Konsel ditambah kontrol. Inokulum diperbanyak pada buah kakao sehat lalu dicampurkan pada media tanam Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian inokulum P. palmivora pada media tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya tumbuh dan perkembangan penyakit busuk akar pada tanaman kakao di persemaian. Isolat PPKT-Koltim memiliki tingkat virulensi yang lebih tinggi dari isolat PPKS-Konsel dengan masa inkubasi, kejadian penyakit, dan nilai AUDPC masing-masing 20.06 HIS, 92%, dan 609%/minggu.
PENGARUH LOCUS OF CONTROL TERHADAP KINERJA AUDITOR PADA INSPEKTORAT DAERAH KABUPATEN KONAWE
Authors: Fitriaman Fitriaman , Husin Husin , Pagala Sulfiani
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan Sistem Teknologi Informasi (Aplikasi SAS) terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan pada Balai latihan Kerja Kendari. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kausalitas dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sensus sampling, dimana sampel dalam penelitian ini merupakan Tim Penyusun Laporan Keuangan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN) pada Satuan Kerja Balai Latihan Kerja Kendari sebanyak 40 orang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan alat analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear sederhana menggunakan skala interval.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Sistem Teknologi Informasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan pada Balai Latihan Kerja (BLK) Kendari. Balai Latihan Kerja (BLK) Kendari telah mampu dalam menerapkan serta memanfaatkan fungsi dari sistem teknologi informasi berupa Sistem Aplikasi Satker (SAS) dalam segala mekanisme pengelolaan laporan keuangan secara tepat dan maksimal, sehingga pemanfaatan sistem teknologi informasi ini akan berdampak pada kemudahan dalam melaksanakan tugas utamanya berkaitan dengan pengolahan laporan keuangan secara lebih tepat, cepat, dan berkualitas dalam rangka memenuhi segala pertanggungjawaban keuangan yang terjadi selama Balai Latihan Kerja (BLK) Kendari memenuhi tujuan serta visi dan misi organisasinya.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN SISTEM AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAH DAERAH, PEMAHAMAN AKUNTANSI, DAN KETAATAN PADA PERATURAN PERUNDANGAN TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH (Studi Kasus Pada Organisasi Perangkat Daerah Kota Kendari)
Authors: Hasbuddin Hasbuddin , Husin Husin , Herman Yusna
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem akuntansi pemerintahdaerah, pemahaman akuntansi, dan ketaatan pada peraturan perundangan terhadapakuntabilitas kinerja instansi pemerintah. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer.Pengumpulan data menggunakan penyebaran kuesioner. Populasi dari penelitian iniyaitu seluruh organisasi perangkat daerah (OPD) di Kota Kendari dan metodepengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode sampel acak sederhana, sampel dalampenelitian ini sebanyak 22 OPD, dimana setiap OPD terdapat 3 responden sehinggajumlah sampel untuk penelitian ini sebanyak 66 amatan, kemudian diuji menggunakanAnalisis Deskriptif dan Uji Inferensial. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1). sistem akuntansipemerintah daerah secara parsial dan simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikanterhadap akuntabilitas kinerja instansi pemerintah daerah Kota Kendari. 2). pemahamanakuntansi secara parsial dan simultan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadapakuntabilitas kinerja pemerintah daerah Kota Kendari. 3). ketaatan pada peraturanperundangan secara parsial dan simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadapAkuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah Daerah Kota Kendari.
GABAergic System Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Zhao Haisheng , Mao Xijing , Zhu Cuilin , Zou Xiaohan , Peng Fanzhen , Yang Wei , Li Bingjin , Li Guangquan , Ge Tongtong , Cui Ranji
Published: February 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a series of neurodevelopmental diseases characterized by two hallmark symptoms, social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is one of the most important inhibitory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS). GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission is critical for the regulation of brain rhythm and spontaneous neuronal activities during neurodevelopment. Genetic evidence has identified some variations of genes associated with the GABA system, indicating an abnormal excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) neurotransmission ratio implicated in the pathogenesis of ASD. However, the specific molecular mechanism by which GABA and GABAergic synaptic transmission affect ASD remains unclear. Transgenic technology enables translating genetic variations into rodent models to further investigate the structural and functional synaptic dysregulation related to ASD. In this review, we summarized evidence from human neuroimaging, postmortem, and genetic and pharmacological studies, and put emphasis on the GABAergic synaptic dysregulation and consequent E/I imbalance. We attempt to illuminate the pathophysiological role of structural and functional synaptic dysregulation in ASD and provide insights for future investigation.
High Prevalence and Diversity Characteristics of blaNDM, mcr, and blaESBLs Harboring Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli From Chicken, Pig, and Cattle in China
Authors: Liu Zhihai , Wang Ke , Zhang Yaru , Xia Lining , Zhao Li , Guo Changmei , Liu Xudong , Qin Liting , Hao Zhihui
Published: February 2022

The objective of this study was to understand the diversity characteristics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) in chicken, pig, and cattle. A high prevalence of ESBL-EC (260/344) was observed in all food animals with prevalence rates of 78.6% (110/140) for chicken, 70.7% (58/82) for cattle, and 75.4% (92/122) for swine. However, the resistance rates presented significant differences in different animal origin ESBL-EC, where resistance to CTX, GEN, IMP, NEO, and OFL was the highest in chicken ESBL-EC, then in cattle, and the lowest in swine. Seriously, most ESBL-EC harbor multidrug resistance to antibiotics (MDR, ≥3 antibiotic categories), and the MDR rates of ESBL-EC were the highest in chicken (98.18%), followed by swine (93.48%), and the lowest in cow (58.62%), while the same trend also was observed in MDR of ≥5 antibiotic categories. This high prevalence and resistance can be partly interpreted by the high carriage rates of the β-lactamases CTX-M (n = 89), OXA (n = 59), SHV (n = 7), and TEM (n = 259). A significant difference of β-lactamase genes also presented in different animal species isolates, where the chicken origin ESBL-EC possessed higher carriage rates of almost all genes tested than cattle and swine. Notably, eight chicken origin ESBL-EC carried transferable plasmid-mediated blaNDM-1 or blaNDM-5, especially, of which four ESBL-EC also contained the colistin resistance gene mcr-1, as confirmed by genomic analysis. More interestingly, two deletion events with a 500-bp deletion in ΔISAba125 and a 180-bp deletion in dsbC were observed in three blaNDM-5 IncX3 plasmids, which, as far as we know, is the first discovery. This showed the instability and horizontal transfer of blaNDM genetic context, suggesting that blaNDM is evolving to “pack light” to facilitate rapid and stable horizontal transfer. Sequence types (STs) and PFGE showed diversity patterns. The most prevalent STs were ST48 (n = 5), ST189 (n = 5), ST206 (n = 4), ST6396 (n = 3), ST10 (n = 3), and ST155 (n = 3), where ST48 ESBL-EC originated from three food animal species. The STs of all blaNDM-positive ESBL-EC were attributed to three STs, namely, ST6396 (n = 2), ST206 (n = 2), and ST189 (n = 4), where ST189 was also the unique type for four mcr-1-carrying ESBL-EC. In conclusion, we suggest that the three animal species ESBL-EC show similar high prevalence, diversity in isolate lineages, and significant discrepancies in antibiotic resistance and resistance genes. This suggests that monitoring and anti-infection of different food animal origin ESBL-EC need different designs, which deserves more attention and further surveillance.
Curdlan, a Microbial β-Glucan, Has Contrasting Effects on Autoimmune and Viral Models of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Sato Fumitaka , Nakamura Yumina , Katsuki Aoshi , Khadka Sundar , Ahmad Ijaz , Omura Seiichi , Martinez Nicholas E. , Tsunoda Ikuo
Published: February 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease characterized by inflammatory demyelination and axonal degeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). Bacterial and fungal infections have been associated with the development of MS; microbial components that are present in several microbes could contribute to MS pathogenesis. Among such components, curdlan is a microbial 1,3-β-glucan that can stimulate dendritic cells, and enhances T helper (Th) 17 responses. We determined whether curdlan administration could affect two animal models for MS: an autoimmune model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and a viral model, Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV)-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD). We induced relapsing-remitting EAE by sensitizing SJL/J mice with the myelin proteolipid protein (PLP)139-151peptide and found that curdlan treatment prior to PLP sensitization converted the clinical course of EAE into hyperacute EAE, in which the mice developed a progressive motor paralysis and died within 2 weeks. Curdlan-treated EAE mice had massive infiltration of T cells and neutrophils in the CNS with higher levels of Th17 and Th1 responses, compared with the control EAE mice. On the other hand, in TMEV-IDD, we found that curdlan treatment reduced the clinical scores and axonal degeneration without changes in inflammation or viral persistence in the CNS. In summary, although curdlan administration exacerbated the autoimmune MS model by enhancing inflammatory demyelination, it suppressed the viral MS model with reduced axonal degeneration. Therefore, microbial infections may play contrasting roles in MS depending on its etiology: autoimmunity versus viral infection.
Optical Activation of the Dorsal Horn of the Thoracic Spinal Cord Prevents Ventricular Arrhythmias in Acute Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Rats
Authors: Wu Yong , Luo Zhongxu , Hu Zhengtao , Lv Kun , Liu Yinhua , Wang Deguo
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives

Spinal cord stimulation can prevent myocardial ischemia and reperfusion arrhythmias, but the relevant neurons and mechanisms remain unknown. Thus, this study applied optogenetic techniques to selectively activate glutamatergic neurons at the thoracic spinal cord (T1 segment) for examining the anti-arrhythmia effects during acute myocardial ischemic-reperfusion.

Methods

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) carrying channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2, a blue-light sensitive ion channel) CaMKIIα-hChR2(H134R) or empty vector were injected into the dorsal horn of the T1 spinal cord. Four weeks later, optogenetic stimulation with a 473-nm blue laser was applied for 30 min. Then, the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model was created by occlusion of the anterior descending coronary artery for ischemia (15 min) and reperfusion (30 min). Cardiac electrical activity and sympathetic nerve activity were assessed continuously.

Results

CaMKIIα-hChR2 viral transfection is primarily expressed in glutamatergic neurons in the spinal cord. Selective optical stimulation of the T1 dorsal horn in the ChR2 rat reduced the ventricular arrhythmia and arrhythmia score during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, preventing the over-activation of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity. Additionally, optical stimulation also reduced the action potential duration at the 90% level (APD90) and APD dispersion.

Conclusion

Selective optical stimulation T1 glutamatergic neurons of dorsal horn prevent ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmias. The mechanism may be associated with inhibiting sympathetic nervous system overexcitation and increasing APD dispersion during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.
Zircon U-Pb Dating for Paragneiss in the Xinxian Area in the Dabie–Sulu Orogenic Belt and Its Geochemical Characteristics
Authors: Shaogong Zhu , Yingjie Liang , Yuquan Zhang , Zian Li
Published: February 2022

In order to understand the subduction of the Yangtze block and its collision with the North China Craton, we performed the elements analysis and zircon U-Pb dating on paragneiss from Xinxian area, which located along the west edge of the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt. The major elements analysis showed SiO2, Al2O3, and K2O were enriched and the rare-earth element (REE) analysis showed the paragneiss had a high content of REEs, especially light rare Earth elements (LREEs). The elements analysis suggest that the protolith of paragneiss may be formed by terrestrial materials. As reflected by cathode luminescence (CL), zircon in rocks was metomorphic and had a core-edge microstructure. The edge of zircon was dated by LA-ICP-MS at 233 ± 24 Ma, which suggests that the paragneiss was formed later than the Triassic. The inherited zircon had a large age range of 456–1,727 Ma, mainly in the range of 705–811 Ma. The wide range of ages suggests that the protolith of paragneiss was sedimentary rocks formed no earlier than the Paleozoic. And the paragneiss from Xinxian area were generated in the Dabie-Sulu ocean basin or abortive ocean basin in the Paleozoic era.