bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A First-in-Human Phase I Study of GC1118, a Novel Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibody, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Oh Do-Youn , Lee Keun-Wook , Han Sae-Won , Kim Jin Won , Shin Jung-Won , Jo Seong-Jin , Won Jonghwa , Hahn Seokyung , Lee Howard , Kim Woo Ho , Bang Yung-Jue
Published: June 2019

Lessons Learned

GC1118 is a novel fully human anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody with unique binding epitopes and different ligand-binding inhibitory activity compared with cetuximab or panitumumab. GC1118 showed promising antitumor activity, especially in patients with colorectal cancer resistant to prior EGFR antibody. Skin toxicities were more common and diarrhea was less frequent compared with other anti-EGFR antibodies.

Background

GC1118 is a novel monoclonal antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with more potent ligand inhibition than cetuximab or panitumumab. We conducted a first-in-human, phase I study of GC118 in patients with refractory solid tumors.

Methods

In the dose escalation part, GC1118 was administered on days 1, 8, 15, and 22, followed by a 2-week rest, during which dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were evaluated. In the expansion part, patients were enrolled into three cohorts (Cohort 1 [C1], patients with colorectal cancer [CRC] without prior anti-EGFR treatment; Cohort 2 [C2], patients with CRC with tumors resistant to anti-EGFR therapy; Cohort 3 [C3], EGFR-overexpressing gastric cancer).

Results

In the dose escalation part, 24 patients were treated at five dose levels: 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mg/kg. In the 5.0 mg/kg cohort, two patients experienced DLTs (skin toxicities). The maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) was 4.0 mg/kg. Common adverse events were skin toxicities. In the expansion part, 39 patients were enrolled. In Cohort 1, stable disease (SD) was observed in 58%; in Cohort 2, partial response (PR) 17% and SD 8%; in Cohort 3, PR 8% and SD 17%.

Conclusion

GC1118 showed promising antitumor activity and was well tolerated. Infrequent diarrhea compared with other anti-EGFR antibodies might be advantageous for further development.
Leucaena establishment on frontage country in the Queensland Gulf
Authors: Rolfe Joe , Lemin Craig , English Bernie , Caird Robert , Black Emma , Perry Lindsey , Henry Ronny , Henry Colleen , Connolly Glen , Connolly Cheryl
Published: June 2019

Poster presented at the International Leucaena Conference, 1‒3 November 2018, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Incorporating leucaena into goat production systems
Authors: Cowley Frances C. , Roschinsky Romana
Published: June 2019

Keynote paper presented at the International Leucaena Conference, 1‒3 November 2018, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.The integration of leucaena into goat production systems in the tropics and subtropics is reviewed. Goats are well adapted to leucaena, and able to be productive on diets containing up to 100% leucaena as a result of bacterial and hepatic detoxification. Incorporation of leucaena into goat production systems can improve liveweight gains, milk production, worm control and reproduction. Successful feeding systems for goats can be based on both grazed silvopastoral systems and cut-and-carry intensive systems, although there is a lack of farming systems research examining the integration of leucaena into goat production systems, or documentation of the practicalities of these practices.
Strategies to breed sterile leucaena for Western Australia
Authors: Real Daniel , Han Yong , Bailey C. Donovan , Vasan Saipriyaa , Li Chengdao , Castello Marieclaire , Broughton Sue , Abair Alexander , Crouch Sam , Revell Clinton
Published: June 2019

Keynote paper presented at the International Leucaena Conference, 1‒3 November 2018, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.Strategies to breed sterile leucaena for Western Australia include plant breeding and biotechnology tools to generate sterile lines at both the tetraploid and triploid ploidy levels. For tetraploids, the main target species is the commercial Leucaena leucocephala, that is well known for its potential as a high-quality, productive and persistent forage. Gene editing technologies (CRISPR) will be utilized to edit out flowering genes and develop a non-flowering L. leucocephala. For triploids, the strategy is to cross tetraploid species (L. leucocephala and/or L. diversifolia) with diploid species to generate sterile triploid hybrids. The diploid parents will include species that have good forage attributes such as L. collinsii, L. macrophylla, L. shannonii and L. pulverulenta. Several of these triploid crosses have already been created by the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (Perth, Western Australia) and will be evaluated in the Kimberley and Pilbara regions of Western Australia for their agronomic performance and sterility. Vegetative propagation will be required for the tetraploid gene-edited non-flowering L. leucocephala. Triploids can either be vegetatively propagated, once generated, or generated via a seed production nursery.
Quantifying benefits of energy efficient house design through monitoring of specified air quality and household energy activity
Authors: Wentzel M
Published: June 2019

Energy efficient building design aims to use passive design principles such as orientation, insulation, materials and surrounding area layout to minimise the need for active space heating or cooling. Implementation of the principles of energy efficient design in specifically low-cost houses delivered by government can have numerous benefits such as monetary savings, increased comfort and health indoor environments for homeowners and inhabitants. The project described here measured the indoor air quality of six energy efficient houses in two project areas as well as energy activity and potential benefits related to energy efficient house design. It was concluded that a small reduction in CO2 is achieved in an energy efficient house when compared with a conventional house. However, the reduction achieved is dependent on the type of fuel used for space heating. Overall, the energy efficient houses observed in the project were more comfortable and households spent less on space heating requirements than conventional houses. It is recommended that the principles of energy efficient design should be a minimum requirement in low-cost housing delivery.
Granny shows the way: Results from implementing an alternative fire-lighting method in Orange Farm
Authors: Wentzel M
Published: June 2019

High levels of air pollution caused by domestic coal burning create human health problems and unwarranted economic loss. The associated health cost is estimated at R1.2 billion per annum. The Basa Njengo Magogo (BNM) alternative fire lighting method represents the highest impact on health from a benefit-cost and employment point of view since the method can potentially reduce ambient air pollution caused by the use of household coal in a relatively short period, by approximately 40-50%. In a pilot study funded by the Department of Minerals and Energy (DME), the method was demonstrated to 16 000 households through a series of direct demonstrations in Orange Farm. The study found that 99% of households who attended a demonstration used the BNM method and continued to use it after a month, households saved on average 25 kilograms of coal, translating in a R26 saving per month. A wide scale implementation of the BNM method holds the potential not only to reduce air pollution but also to result in coal and monetary savings for low-income households.
Making infrastructure work for the poor: Development benefits of PV systems in two Bangladesh communities
Authors: Chowdhury HU
Published: June 2019

Bangladesh has been suffering from acute shortages of energy and the gap between demand and supply of energy has been gradually increasing. As the country has very limited natural resources, except natural gas, it largely depends on imported fuel. But due to financial and technical inability, it is almost impossible for Bangladesh to extend fossil fuel based power distribution networks to the rural community. Moreover, the low purchasing power is also a limiting factor for the rural population to have access to the formal energy market. As a result, rural society is in a most vulnerable situation from the side of energy consumption. Against this background, this study aims to examine the link between energy and economic development by collecting primary data from two Bangladesh communities which use solar energy. The study made an attempt to find out the economic and social impacts of sustainable rural energy on poor people and governance and management of these infrastructure projects. The study found that providing electricity through solar energy has a multidimensional affect on rural livelihood. It not only improves the living standard of the rural people but also improves access to information, better health for women and children and an extension of indoor income generating activities. However, poor maintenance, lack of technical knowledge, and training hampered the operation and repairing functions of solar energy technology in the rural community. For improving effective management of solar energy technologies, there is a need to increase end user awareness of system use, end-user capacity to troubleshoot problems, and level of service, quality and timeliness of repairs. The local government should come forward to increase awareness among beneficiaries and ensure the effective functioning of these systems.
Replacement depreciation and price regulation
Authors: Lambrechts IJ
Published: June 2019

Price regulation occurs quite commonly amongst natural monopolies which frequently include public utilities. In South Africa and in certain countries in Africa, there has recently been a revival of price regulation in certain industries and enterprises, where competition is limited or non-existent. Price regulation can be applied in a multitude of ways. Because of the importance of the price levels (historical and replacement) in the price setting exercise, the focus in this paper will be on the issue of depreciation to arrive at the final prices. The electricity utility industry was historically viewed as a highly mature and heavily regulated natural monopoly. In many parts of the world, electricity utilities have already been deregulated to a large extent and in the United States the process was preceded by a process of unbundling or ringfencing of the main divisions, i.e. generation and distribution. Even the network component of transmission, traditionally seen as natural monopolies, was deregulated to a large extent. The deregulation process, whether fully or partially, emphasised the requirement for a detailed explanation for a specific price level. The need for acceptable and transparent selling prices has, therefore, not disappeared. Regulatory pricing is consequently a vital component of pricing at this stage and in the restructured industry it will continue to play an important role because of a limited number of participants. In other sectors of the South African energy industry too, the deregulation process has either not started or has not been completed. Price regulation is presently and will in future be applicable to the liquid fuels industry, which includes the pipeline of Petronet as well as gas pipelines. Other industries which are being price regulated at the moment include water, medicine, telecommunication (fixed lines) and postal rates. Although the economic regulation for these industries may differ substantially, the principles applying to depreciation calculations would be similar. Replacement depreciation produces lower profit figures during periods of inflation. Quoted companies often oppose this system because of a lack of taxation recognition on income and the adverse effect on earnings per share. This paper covers the calculation of depreciation by price regulators where assets are not diversified (single assets). Shorter depreciation lifetimes based on historical cost result in an automatic provision for replacement depreciation. The extent of the provision would be a function of the difference between the actual and selected lifetimes, income tax rates, re-investment rates and the extent of the financial gearing ratio. Provision for replacement depreciation may be reduced significantly, if not reduced completely, by reducing depreciation lifetimes.
From technology transfer to participative design: a case study of pollution prevention in South African townships
Authors: Van Niekerk W
Published: June 2019

Since the 1960’s several unsuccessful attempts were made to reduce air pollution in South African townships. These efforts targeted coal fires and included devolatalised coal, low-smoke stoves and electrification. All these efforts were more or less prescriptive in nature, technology driven and shared a common view of the role of technology. In this paper a different approach is described that had very good results. This approach starts at the coal user and their preferences and does not try to change their behaviour or attitude by means of education or coercive measures. This was done because after several years of involvement with coal and wood using communities, a good understanding was developed of the role of fire in the household and the context in which possible solutions must function. Also, the user of the technology is made a full partner in the problem solving process. This approach resulted in the adaptation of an alternative method to light a coal fire. The adapted method enjoys widespread acceptance and can reduce the contribution of coal fires to air pollution by 50%. Plans are under way by the South African Government to introduce communities nationwide to this method.
Performance of a parabolic trough solar collector
Authors: Brooks M J , Mills I , Harms T M
Published: June 2019

The performance of a South African parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) module has been characterised using the ASHRAE 93-1986 standard. The collector is designed for component testing and development in a solar energy research programme. Low-temperature testing was performed at Mangosuthu Technikon’s STARlab facility using water as the working fluid. Both an evacuated glassshielded receiver and an unshielded receiver were tested, with which peak thermal efficiencies of 53.8% and 55.2% were obtained respectively. The glass-shielded element offered superior performance at the maximum test temperature, desensitising the receiver to wind and reducing the overall heat loss coefficient by half. The collector time constants for both receivers indicate low thermal inertia and the measured acceptance angles exceed the tracking accuracy of the PTSC, ensuring the collector operates within 2% of its optimal efficiency at all times. Off-sun thermal loss results and the behaviour of the PTSC under increased angles of incidence are described. A description of the test system components is given.
The potential impact of small-scale flywheel energy storage technology on Uganda’s energy sector
Authors: Okou Richard , Sebitosi Adoniya Ben , Khan Azeem , Pillay Pragasen
Published: June 2019

The energy crisis in Uganda has caused a sharp decline in the growth of the industry sector from 10.8% to 4.5% between 2004/5 and 2005/6. This crisis has escalated the power disruptions, which have had adverse effects on various sectors. While business owners have resorted to importation of fossil fuel generators that have increased the cost of production, others have resorted to battery energy storage systems to cater for short outages, which are limited in life span, depth of discharge, among others. These interventions have, thus, further in-creased the cost of goods and services. In addition, the rural populations using solar home systems incur high battery maintenance and replacement costs. In this paper an electromechanical flywheel battery is proposed as a better alternative in mitigating energy storage problems. It is found that by replacing the battery storage systems with the electromechanical flywheel battery, a saving of up to 35% on cost of energy can be made in the solar home systems and for the industry sector, the power disruptions could be reduced.
Energy security and liquid fuels in South Africa
Authors: Nkomo Jabavu Clifford
Published: June 2019

South Africa relies heavily on imported crude oil. Domestic sources and available substitutes alone cannot satisfy the country’s current demand, resulting in imported crude oil accounting for over 90% of South Africa’s requirements. This high level of dependence on imported crude oil exposes the economy to potential events that either interrupts supplies or leads to higher oil prices thereby undermining economic growth and development. Widening diversity of supply, demand-side measures and maintaining strategic inventories will strengthen energy security.
SASRAD: An hourly-timestep solar radiation database for South Africa
Authors: Ciolkosz Daniel
Published: June 2019

A methodology is presented for the correction and filling of solar radiation data at sites within South Africa, with the aim of creating a continuous, hourly-timestep dataset for multiple locations. Data from twenty sites, collected by the Agricultural Research Council, are analysed with regard to the amount of data requiring offset or multiplier adjustment, as well as the amount of bad data. A range correction algorithm is implemented based on the 90th percentile (10% exceedance) hourly irradiance, as a function of site latitude and elevation. The resulting, corrected data set is given the title: South African Solar Radiation Database (SASRAD). Comparisons are made with two other solar radiation datasets, the South African Atlas of Agrohydrology and Climatology, and a limited set of older historical data from the South African Weather Service (SAWS). Results indicate that the SASRAD dataset matches well with other datasets, with major discrepancies apparently due to problems with the other data sets, rather than the SASRAD data. The Coefficient of Multiple Determination (R2) between the Atlas and SASRAD for monthly radiation is 0.927, and the mean error between three of the SASRAD sites and the corresponding SAWS data is 1.1 MJ m-2 d-1. The fraction of data requiring correction varied from 11% to 100%, depending on the site. The range correction algorithm was successful at correcting data that had been subject to incorrect calibration, and did not remove annual trends in mean radiation levels.
Reduction in air pollution using the ‘basa njengo magogo’ method and the applicability to low-smoke fuels
Authors: Le Roux Lukas J. , Zunckel Mark , McCormick Shirley
Published: June 2019

The then Department of Minerals and Energy (DME) piloted the top-down Basa njengo Magogo alternative fire ignition method at Orange Farm dur-ing the winter of 2003. In total, 76% of households reported less smoke in their homes, while 67%reported less smoke in the streets after one month of using the method (Palmer Development Consulting, 2003). Work by Nova (Schoonraad & Swanepoel, 2003) in eMbalenhle (actual environ-mental tests) indicated up to a 60% reduction in smoke compared with the conventional method of bottom-up ignition. To support the findings of the environmental studies, the CSIR were appointed by the DME to conduct an experiment under con-trolled laboratory conditions to gather quantitative data on the reduction in particulate emissions asso-ciated with the Basa njengo Magogo method of lighting coal fires. The CSIR was further contracted to assess whether the Basa njengo Magogo technol-ogy was viable with low-smoke fuels.The experiment was conducted using traditional D-Grade coal in both the conventional bottom-up and the Basa njengo Magogo ignition techniques. Three low volatile fuels were also assessed using the Basa njengo Magogo method namely:•    Anthracite (volatile content of 10.6%)•    Anthracite (volatile content of 12%)•    Low volatile coal (volatile content of 20.8%), from Slater Coal in Dundee.All four fuels using the Basa njengo Magogo method recorded similar times of between 11 and 13 minutes from ignition to the fires reaching cook-ing temperature. The bottom-up fire for conven-tional D-Grade coal reached cooking temperature after 55 minutes.Particulate emissions from all the Basa njengo Magogo fires were similar and up to 92% lower in particulate emissions than that of the D-Grade coal in the bottom-up fire. SO2 emissions from the two D-Grade coal fires were the lowest and were identical. The highest SO2 emission resulted from the low volatile coal. The method of lighting the fire does not have a significant effect on the SO2 emissions. The Basa njengo Magogo method of ignition uses approximately 1 kg less coal to reach cooking temperature than the traditional bottom–up method. At a cost of approximately R1.00 per kilo-gram of coal, this translates into a cost savings of approximately R30 per month.
The mapping of maximum annual energy yield azimuth and tilt angles for photovoltaic installations at all locations in South Africa
Authors: Matshoge Tebogo , Sebitosi Adoniya Ben
Published: June 2019

Photovoltaic (PV) technology is fast emerging as a viable energy supply option in mitigation against environmental degradation through the burning of traditional fossil fuels. The cost of the technology, however, still poses a major challenge, as the efficiencies are generally still quite modest. Current research efforts to improve efficiency are mainly focused on component physics and manufacturing technologies. Little attention seems to be paid to improved system design at field level. Traditionally it is assumed that a panel installed at a tilt angle that is equal to the latitude at a location should achieve maximum annual energy yield for a non-tracking installation. However, in practice, due to a number of factors such as wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, global and diffuse irradiation and other climatic factors, the optimum azimuth and tilt get more convoluted. In this paper the optimum angles (azimuth and tilt) to maximise annual energy yield for fixed angle PV installations at all locations in South Africa have been tabulated. Climate data software together with solar design software were used in determining the angles. The availability of these tables will offer an additional support tool to the country in promoting the growth of PV as a viable alternative energy generation technology for both urban as well as the most secluded rural areas that are not grid connected.
Identification of co-expression gene networks controlling rice blast disease during an incompatible reaction v1
Authors: Bevitori Rosangela , Sircar Sanchari , neves de Mello Raquel , Coiti Togawa Roberto , Silva Oliveira Tiago , de Fátima Grossi de Sá Maria , Parekh Nita
Published: June 2019

This protocol provides a step-wise method to construct co-expression network from RNA-seq data based on the publication : Identification of co-expression gene networks controlling rice blast disease during an incompatible reaction. Bevitori et al. (2019)
Extracting total RNA from Caenorhabditis elegans using phase-lock gel separation tubes v1
Authors: Riccio Cristian
Published: June 2019

This protocol describes how to extract total RNA from C. elegans worms starting with 3300 worms on a 90mm NGM plate
Purification of DNA-dependent RNA Polymerase from Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 v2
Authors: LCB Berwanger Lutz
Published: June 2019

This protocol can be used to purifiy DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 by heparin and ion-exchange chromatography.
Preparation of rice plants for inoculation with Magnaporthe oryzae v1
Authors: Bevitori Rosangela , Sircar Sanchari , Neves de Mello Raquel , Coiti Togawa Roberto , Silva Oli Tiago , de Fátima Grossi-de-Sá Maria , Parekh Nita
Published: June 2019

Preparation of rice plants for inoculation with Magnaporthe oryzae
Creating a more isogenic strain of worms starting from parental strain v1
Authors: Riccio Cristian
Published: June 2019

This protocol describes how to create a more isogenic strain starting from a parental strain.
Thermoelectric Cooling Block
Authors: Vasil’ev Evgenii N. , Gejnts Ehl’mar R. , Derevyanko Valeriy A. , Kokov Evgenii G. , Kukushkin Sergei V.
Published: June 2019

Theoretical and experimental studies of heat exchange processes in the thermoelectric block of a refrigeration unit designed for ship freezers and provision chambers have been carried out. In the original design of the block, which includes 8 thermoelectric modules S-199-14- 11, thermosyphons, a liquid heat exchanger with counter coolant flows and vacuuming volume were used to accommodate thermoelectric modules, which allowed minimizing heat losses and increasing cooling efficiency. Using a mathematical model, the performance characteristics and modes of operation of the refrigeration unit under different conditions and layout options are calculated. An experimental model of a thermoelectric unit was created and tested, the values of cooling power in various operating modes were determined
A study of risk factors and clinical outcome of stroke in children
Authors: Vyas Shruti , Vaswani Rajwanti K.
Published: June 2019

Background: Stroke is a significant cause of neurological morbidity and mortality in children. Early recognition permits timely therapeutic intervention aimed at preventing recurrence and improving long-term outcome. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors, clinical outcome of stroke in children and to evaluate any association between them.Methods: This was a prospective, observational study, conducted over one and a half year at a tertiary care centre. Children between 1 month to 12 years and diagnosed to have stroke were enrolled. The clinical profile, investigations and outcome of stroke were studied. Data collected was analysed using Pearson chi-square test.Results: Of 55 children enrolled, definite etiology could be determined in 44 (80%) children. The common risk factors identified were vasculitis (30.9%), vasculopathy (23.6%), hypercoagulable states (18.1%), cardiac diseases (12.7%) and bleeding diathesis (7.2%). Focal neurologic deficits (69%), convulsions (58%), altered sensorium (41.8%), fever (45.4%) and aphasia (34.5%) were the chief presenting features. The overall mortality was 30.9% and neurologic deficits were observed in 54.5%. Children with undetermined etiology had a favorable outcome compared to those with definite etiology (p=0.007). Poor outcome was witnessed with vasculitis and cardiac diseases; recurrence was common with Moyamoya disease. Presence of either of altered sensorium (p=0.0005) or convulsions (p=0.046) or visual complaints (p=0.032) or headache (p=0.042) were associated with poor outcome whereas presence of focal neurologic deficits alone predicted a better outcome (p=0.036).Conclusions: The nature of risk factor and the clinical presentation significantly influence the outcome of stroke in children.
К основаниям структурно-функциональной модели Экономики Будущего
Authors: Арапов Сергей Васильевич
Published: June 2019

Настоящая статья посвящена актуальной проблеме структурно-функциональной модели Экономики Будущего. Представления об экономике знаний в литературе достаточно разнообразны. Но структурно-функциональная модель Экономики Будущего отсутствует. В статье рассмотрены основания для такой модели. Она строится на основе модели баланса распределенных оснований, которая использовалась автором ранее в других исследованиях.
В статье вводится понятие «экономические основания». Под этим термином понимается система экономических институциональных структур, которые управляют экономическими секторами, а через них – отраслями экономики. Экономические основания представляют собой каркас экономической системы. Взаимодействие экономических оснований между собой составляет функциональную базу универсальной экономической системы. В статье раскрывается содержание экономических оснований, исследуется новая структура социального запроса, итоги которого могут быть исходными данными для формирования экономических показателей.
Роль интеллектуального капитала в формировании инновационного потенциала российской организации
Authors: Саяпина Карина Владимировна , Устинова Ольга Евгеньевна
Published: June 2019

Развитость инновационной системы становится одним из основополагающих факторов обеспечения конкурентоспособности хозяйствующих субъектов. Это требует пристального изучения значения и роли интеллектуального капитала в инновационном развитии и потенциале экономических систем. Целью предлагаемого исследования является разработка механизма оценки влияния индекса развития человеческого капитала на инновационную активность организаций. Методологической основой исследования выступают экономико-математические модели, разработанные для изучения экономических взаимодействий, концепции российских и зарубежных исследователей в сфере интеллектуального капитала и инновационного развития. В качестве методов проведения оценки использованы статистические, математические методы, методы сравнительного анализа. Основными результатами исследования выступают сформированные системы оценки влияния индекса развития человеческого капитала и инновационной активности хозяйствующих субъектов на основе предложенного механизма расчета интегральных показателей.
Инфраструктурное обеспечение предпринимательства в условиях цифровой экономики России
Authors: Морозова Ирина Анатольевна , Московцев Александр Федорович , Сметанина Анастасия Игоревна
Published: June 2019

Статья посвящена проблеме развития инфраструктурного обеспечения предпринимательства в условиях цифровизации экономики и основана на сравнительном анализе современной российской и мировой практики типологизации и управления данным развитием. С помощью метода регрессионного анализа на базе статистических материалов Международного института управленческого развития (IMD) авторами оценивается вклад каждого из выделяемых им типов инфраструктуры в обеспечение роста деловой активности в сфере цифровой экономики в России (в разрезе показателей индекса цифровой конкурентоспособности). В результате обосновывается ключевая роль не выделяемой и не развиваемой в России ресурсной инфраструктуры в стимулировании роста деловой активности в сфере отечественной цифровой экономики, а также малозначимая роль наиболее активно развиваемой в России информационной инфраструктуры. На базе этого делается вывод о необходимости учета мирового опыта в современной России и предлагаются рекомендации по перераспределению финансирования национальной программы «Цифровая экономика Российской Федерации».
Информационное общество: особенности коммуникаций у разных поколений
Authors: Кошель Владимир Андреевич , Шкляр Татьяна Львовна
Published: June 2019

Виртуальное пространство проникает во все аспекты нашей жизни, меняя восприятия людей, механизмы мышления, специфику освоения информации и, безусловно, – коммуникации. Коммуникационные изменения проявились в стилистике, символике языка, его эмоциональной насыщенности.
Авторы данной статьи поставили перед собой задачу выявить коммуникационные особенности у разных поколений, проявляющееся в интернете.
Понимание данной коммуникационной специфики позволит профессионалам коммуникационной индустрии (маркетологам, бренд менеджерам, журналистам и д.р.) корректно выстраивать сообщения и наиболее эффективно решать коммуникационные задачи при обращении к целевым аудиториям.
В данной статье представлены результаты проведенного авторами исследования и анализа отличий коммуникаций каждого из рассматриваемых поколений.
По результатам исследований и вышеуказанного анализа, авторами были предложены конкретные рекомендации для каждого рассматриваемого сегмента целевой аудитории
Цифровые и информационные технологии в управлении предприятием: реальность и взгляд в будущее
Authors: Бабина Светлана Ивановна
Published: June 2019

В новой парадигме развития мировой экономики цифровые технологии рассматриваются как главный производительный ресурс, определяющий рост благосостояния общества. Использование организациями и, прежде всего, предприятиями реального сектора экономики современных компьютерных и информационных систем, является наиболее значимым условием их эффективного функционирования в условиях цифровой экономики. В статье представлены выводы по анализу состояния информатизации российских организаций, систематизируются достоинства и риски основных сегментов экосистемы цифровой экономики; актуализированы факторы, тормозящие цифровизацию деятельности на отечественных предприятиях.
К сдерживающим факторам отнесены: высокая стоимость решений; существующий разрыв между техническим обеспечением компаний и требованиями, предъявляемыми к IT-оборудованию для работы в цифровой среде; нехватка квалифицированных специалистов в данной области; некачественные данные, которые не оправдывают ожидания руководителей некоторых компаний в мгновенном прорыве; опасения относительно конфиденциальности информации и риски в случае ее утечки. Развитие цифровых финансовых технологий в России замедляется также из-за отсутствия соответствующей законодательной базы, осторожной позиции к цифровым финансовым инструментам и операциям с ними со стороны Минфина, Банка России, ФСБ. Для преодоления названных факторов необходимы усилия всех участников экосистемы цифровой экономики в соответствии с функциями и задачами, возлагаемыми на них данной системой.
Полученные результаты исследования могут способствовать развитию парадигмы цифровой экономики, центральными элементами которой являются экосистема, социально-экономические и правовые отношения между ее субъектами
К вопросу об условиях эффективности предпринимательской деятельности
Authors: Пономарев Олег Борисович
Published: June 2019

Эффективность любой деятельности, в том числе предпринимательской, определяется множеством внутренних и внешних факторов. Основные усилия учёных нацелены на исследование внешних факторов. В данной статье рассматриваются внутренние факторы успешной предпринимательской деятельности, которые предлагается рассматривать как пять основных сил предпринимателя и как пять основных ресурсов предпринимателя. Приложение пяти сил к пяти ресурсам составляет модель эффективного предпринимателя.
ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ ЗМІНИ ТРИБОТЕХНІЧНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ТА СИГНАЛІВ АКУСТИЧНОЇ ЕМІСІЇ ДЛЯ ПАРИ ТЕРТЯ 30ХГСА - Д16
Authors: Токарук Віталій Володимирович , Мікосянчик Оксана Олександрівна , Мнацаканов Рудольф Георгійович , Кудрін Анатолій Павлович
Published: June 2019

Розглянуто механізми структурної пристосованості контактних поверхонь при терті в залежності від твердості контртіла в парі тертя. Встановлено, що скорочення періоду припрацювання по зміні усередненої потужності акустичної емісії обумовлено інтенсифікацією механо-фізико-хімічних процесів при зростанні температури в триботехнічному контакті, що забезпечує перехід трибосистеми в стан структурної пристосованості з мінімальною дисипацією енергії.
Багатополяризаційні вимірювання та оцінка зміни величини відбитого сигналу за рахунок турбулентності
Authors: Averyanova Yuliya , Rudiakova Anna , Yanovsky Felix
Published: June 2019

Метою цієї роботи є розробка нового поляриметричного підходу щодо оцінки внеску динамічних атмосферних явищ в відбитий радіолокаційний сигнал при мікрохвильовому дистанційному зондуванні хмар та опадів. В роботі рідкі гідрометеори (краплі дощу) розглядаються як об’єкти з нестійкою формою, параметри форми яких є випадковими величинами, що чутливі до впливу динамічних атмосферних явищ включно турбулентність. В роботі одержано математичні вирази для опису електромагнітного поля, що розсіюється рідкими гідрометеорами, а також для змінної (вібруючої) компоненти поля для випадку багатоплрязиційної радіолокаційної системи. Одержано математичний вираз для сигналу після фазового детектору для сепарації вібруючої компоненти, що викликана турбулентністю від змін сигналу, які викликані іншими факторами.  Для демонстрації практичної можливості реєстрації зміни відбитої електромагнітної енергії за рахунок турбулентності або інших явищ, що пов’язані з вітром проведено розрахунок співвідношення між середнім рівнем сигналу та величиною вібрацій в децибелах. Результати роботи є корисними для вирішення питань, що пов’язані з сепарацією вібрацій відбитого радіолокаційного сигналу, що викликані динамічними атмосферними явищами, наприклад турбулентністю, від інших факторів.
Використання несолодженого ячменю в пивоварінні
Authors: Loiko Sergii , Romanova Zoriana
Published: June 2019

Мета: Основною сировиною для виробництва пива є солод. Існує тенденція щодо використання інших зернових культур у пивовиробництві. Використання несолоджених матеріалів дає можливість пивоварам та технологам знижувати собівартість продукції. Але часткова заміна солоду однозначно впливає на якість сусла та готового пива. Основною метою дослідження було порівняти якісні показники пива, звареного лише із використанням солоду, та пива, звареного із частковою заміною солоду несолодженим ячменем. Методи дослідження: Для розв’язання даної проблеми було використано метод високоефективної рідинної хроматографії, аналізу та емпіричний методи досліджень. Результати: Використання великої кількості несолоджених матеріалів разом із допомогою ферментних препаратів дає пивоварам можливість отримувати продукт такого ж складу та якості, як при використанні тільки солоду. Висновки: Для пивоваріння із заміною великої кількості солоду, ячмінь є одним із найкращих варіантів, так як має багато характеристик солоду. Заміна частини солоду несолодженими матеріалами є можливою, економічно вигідною та технічно обґрунтованою при використанні ферментних препаратів.
STEM підхід у навчанні фізики майбутніх інженерів: вивчення явища електромагнітної індукції
Authors: Slipukhina Iryna , Bovtruk Alla , Mieniailov Serhiy , Maximov Serhiy , Kalenchenko Volodymyr
Published: June 2019

Постановка проблеми. Актуальність впровадження STEM підходу у вивченні курсу загальної фізики визначається необхідністю формування компетенцій проведення практико орієнтованих досліджень вже з молодших курсів: науковий та інженерний методи пізнання дійсності формують у майбутніх інженерів наукову і техніко-технологічну картини світу. Аналіз попередніх досліджень. Явище електромагнітної індукції– комплексна і складна тема з курсу загальної фізики; яка водночас має широке практичне застосування. Сучасний натурний фізичний експеримент є універсальним засобом для набуття майбутніми фахівцями відповідних дослідницьких компетенцій; комп’ютерно орієнтована система фізичного експерименту ефективно формує загальнонаукові і професійні навички майбутніх інженерів. Метою роботи було дослідження дидактичних особливостей використання наукового та інженерного (STEM) методів дослідження у вивченні майбутніми інженерами явища електромагнітної індукції у курсі загальної фізики. Методи: застосовано теоретичні і емпіричні методи наукового дослідження: методи аналізу і моделювання; педагогічний експеримент; обсерваційні і праксиметричні методи для визначення дієвості; ефективності і практичної придатності методичної системи. Результати і дискусія. Вивчення явища електромагнітної індукції з використанням компютерно орієнтованої системи фізичного експерименту демонструє етапи наукового методу дослідження; який починається з формулювання проблеми; побудови теоретичних моделей; продовжується висуненням гіпотези з подальшою експериментальною перевіркою; опрацюванням експериментальних даних; їх інтерпретацією; пошуком додаткової інформації; коригуванням експерименту; висуненням нових гіпотез і їх подальшою перевіркою STEM підхід у дослідженні ЕМІ було реалізовано відповідно до інженерного методу дослідження здійснювалось через етапи проектування; до яких входять: мозковий штурм; висування способів реалізації установки; підбір матеріалів; створення дослідного зразка та його багаторазове випробування. Висновки.Застосування різних підходів; орієнтованих як на наукове дослідження у рамках компютерно орієнтованої системи фізичного експерименту; так і на інженерний метод з використанням STEM навчання виявили практичну придатність; дієвість та ефективність: реалізація поставленої мети потребувала залучення і розвитку різного рівня компетенцій від алгоритмізованих дій до творчого підходу у випадку самостійного створення експериментальної установки. Виявлено; що за своїм змістом і метою STEM є інженерним методом у навчально-науковому дослідженні. Розробки і подальшого розвитку потребують організаційно-педагогічні умови реалізації методичної системи навчання фізики майбутніх інженерів з використанням STEM.
Development of Pre-Service English Teachers’ Language Skills and Learner Autonomy via Blended Learning
Authors: Nikolaeva Sofiya , Zadorozhna Iryna , Datskiv Olha
Published: June 2019

The use of information and communication technology greatly improved foreign languages teaching and learning. Learning management systems, such as Moodle, used to create and deliver courses, facilitate e-learning in different types of educational institutions. Blended learning as a combination of face-to face and e-learning is conducive to deep learning. We designed a new course “Teaching English as a foreign language to learners with special educational needs” to provide students enrolled in a master’s programme – pre-service English teachers, with an opportunity to enhance their language and professional skills as well as to develop their learner autonomy through meaningful learning experiences blending learning can supplement. We considered micro, meso and macro levels of the course implementation and functioning. In this paper we describe the context in which the course is introduced by providing information about the setting, the curriculum, the need for including this course in the master’s programme at the faculty of foreign languages. We also outline the way the course is designed, including its structure, particular tasks and assessment procedures and present students’ feedback about the impact of the course on their foreign language skills and learner autonomy. The results indicate that blended learning is an effective tool for development of pre-service teachers’ English language skills and learner autonomy. The findings of the study can be applied by faculty and administrators involved in the design of courses at tertiary level.
Badanie wpływu zawartości minerałów ciężkich na naturalną promieniotwórczość skał miocenu zapadliska przedkarpackiego
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Zagórska Urszula , Sikora Aleksandra ,   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Łykowska Grażyna ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: June 2019

In the Miocene rocks of the Carpathian Foredeep, the occurrence of overestimating the measurements of natural radioactivity logs for mudstones was noticed. This phenomenon causes problems with recognition on the basis of natural radioactivity profiling of these rocks from claystones, characterized by inferior petrophysical parameters. In this study, another possible source of increased radioactivity of mudstone rocks, i.e. the content of heavy minerals that tend to accumulate radioactive elements - uranium and thorium - was investigated. Heavy minerals, belonging to the accessory minerals, such as zircon, apatite, monazite, rutile, garnet and titanite, are characterized by increased radioactivity due to substitutions of U and Th in the crystal lattice. Natural radioactivity of the test samples was measured using the gamma spectrometry method with the RT-50 device from the Georadis company. The heavy minerals were then removed from the rock samples using a heavy liquid, previously separating the samples into grain fractions to facilitate the separation of the heavy fraction. The individual grain fractions deprived of heavy minerals were put back together and the uranium, thorium (and potassium) content was re-measured. Microscopic observations were also made to qualitatively analyze the mineralogical structure of the separated heavy fraction. In the tested samples, among others: zircon, tourmaline, garnet, rutile, apatite, chlorite or titanite grains were identified. The results of the measurements of natural radioactivity, before and after the separation of heavy minerals, do not give a clear answer to the problem of excessive indications of the gamma logs. It is necessary to increase the number of analyzed samples. The trend of decreasing amounts of U and Th in the samples from which the heavy fraction was isolated was observed. However, changes in radioactivity are so small that they do not allow to draw final conclusions. Additional analyzes are needed to assess the impact of other sources of uranium and thorium in analyzed rocks, such as the content of organic matter or Th content in clays.
FRACTALS – return to origin
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Such Piotr
Published: June 2019

Fractals have become fashionable. Therefore, in recent years there have been many articles in which the authors support something that they call a fractal account, including, for example, the sum of fractal dimensions. This paper is a recapitulation of what a fractal account is in the Earth sciences, what are its uses and boundaries. The definition of fractals is: it has a non trite structure in all scales, it is very hard to describe fractal structure in the Euclidean geometry, it is self-similar (directly or statistical), its Hausdorf dimension is greater than its topological dimension, it is described by recurrent formula, its dimension is not an integral number. In the face of such a wide and imprecise formula, various fields of science have introduced their definitions of fractal. It only has to meet most of the conditions included in the definition. In the analysis of geological objects in Earth sciences and in oil and gas industry, fractals are defined by the recurrence formula with its range of applicability, fractal dimension share a part of the space occupied by the fractal object, so the highest value of fractal dimension is equal to 3. Fundamental work in which the name of fractals for self- similar objects were introduced was The Fractal Geometry of Nature by Mandelbrot (1977). In the Earth sciences, statistical fractals (pseudofractals) are used. The straight line in the log-log plot is the indicator of fractal structure. In other words, the fractal structures are associated with the power patterns obtained during the analysis of geological objects. Generally, in the analysis of geological objects the Menger sponge and box methods of fractal dimension calculations are used. Fractals provide a unique opportunity to characterize complicated objects with the use of a single number, nevertheless, in order for the obtained results to be applicable and comparable with the results of other analyzes, both the model of the analyzed object and the method of calculation of the fractal dimension should be given, as well as the scope of applicability of this dimension.