bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Radiological, Functional and Plantar Pressure Disturbance Results of Two Different Surgical Techniques on Syndesmosis Injuries with Malleolus Fractures
Authors: ALTUN Yusuf Murat , ÖKEN Fuad , BEK Nilgün , YAVUZ İbrahim Alper , GÜRHAN Utku
Published: July 2022

Background and objectives This study compared the clinical and radiological results of three cortex conventional metal screw fixation and EndoButton implant techniques. We applied dynamic pedobarographic analysis to the cases to reveal the effect of the postoperative functional levels on the gait and plantar pressure distribution parameters and to determine the differences between the groups. Materials and methods In our retrospective study, 42 patients were evaluated in two groups, divided into metal screw (Group I; n=24) and button-stitch implant technique (Group II; n=18). After the groups were formed, the functional and clinical outcomes of the patients were evaluated and measured prospectively by an investigator blinded to the surgical procedures of the patients clinically and radiologically. Results We found the AOFAS score significantly higher in the EndoButton group (p=0.041), while the Weber and Freiburg scores were similar between the two groups (p=0.07 and p=0.49, respectively). When the plantar pressure distribution analyzes of the operated sides were examined, the loading percentages in the forefoot and midfoot were found to be statistically significantly higher in the metallic screw group providing static fixation, while the percentage of lateral heel loading was found to be statistically significantly lower. The medial heel loading percentage was also lower in the screw group, but no statistically significant difference was detected. Conclusions We observed that the conventional screw static fixation technique used to repair syndesmosis injuries causes limitation in ankle dorsiflexion, increases the pressure percentages in the forefoot and midfoot, and causes a later return to work/daily life.
Ectoparasite Worm Pyragraphorus hollisae Intensity and Prevalence in Silver Pompano Fish (Tranchinotus blochii) in Lampung Waters, Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Akbar Rizhar Eman Karunia , Sri Subekti  , Nunuk Dyah Retno Lastuti
Published: July 2022

Pomfret (Tracinotus blochii) is a new commodity currently the mainstay of Indonesian marine aquaculture. Pomfret's exports totaled 2,150 thousand tons in 2018. From 2017 to 2018, this number increased by 100 percent from the export volume produced in Indonesia, which was 1,075 thousand tons. Of course, there are problems that are frequently encountered in the development of cultivation, such as the attack of ectoparasite worms. In this study, the silver pompano was found to be infested with the Pyragraphorus hollisae worm. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and intensity of the ectoparasite worm Pyragraphorus hollisae in silver pompano (Trachinotus blochii) in Lampung waters, Sumatra, Indonesia. This is an experimental laboratory study, and the study design is a cross-sectional study. The purposive sampling method was used to collect silver pompano. The intensity and prevalence of the P. hollisae ectoparasite worm that infested the silver pompano (Tracinotus blochii) in Lampung waters were the main parameters observed. Physical and chemical parameters are used as supporting parameters in this study. In the light category, the P. hollisae ectoparasite worm that infested silver pompano from Lampung waters had an intensity value of 1.38 individuals/head. The prevalence of P. hollisae worms in silver pompano (Trachinotus blochii) in Lampung waters was 86.7 percent in the usual category.
Pengaruh Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) terhadap Hematologi Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang Diuji Tantang Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Rozi Rozi , C. Prijantono Roy , Sudarno  , Kusdarwati Rahayu
Published: July 2022

Aeromonas hydrophila adalah penyakit bakteri pathogen yang berperan penting dalam menyebabkan kematian pada komoditas ikan nila. Pada penelitian ini, pakan yang mengandung asap cair tempurung kelapa yang dapat diaplikasikan sebagai imunostimulan untuk mengobati penyakit Motile Aeromonad Sepricemia (MAS) pada ikan Nila. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh asap cair tempurung kelapa pada uji aktivitas antibakteri secara In vitro dan uji tantang A. hydrophyla secara uji In vivo. Tahapan uji invitro meliputi uji MIC, uji sensitivitas asap cair, dan antibiotik ampicillin sebagai kontrol. Selanjutnya pada uji invivo dengan mencampurkan setiap 100gr pakan yang mengandung asap cair dengan dosis 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% dan 9% (v/w). Selanjutnya uji tantang tantang dilakukan dengan menyuntikan suspensi bakteri A. hydrophila dengan dosis 106 sel/cfu sebanyak 0,1 ml secara oral pada pakan dan variabel pengamatan meliputi total eritrosit, hemoglobin, kadar hematokrit dan gejala klinis ikan nila. Analisis data menggunakan Anova dan diuji DMRT dengan selang kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi asap cair terbaik secara invitro dengan MIC 1% dan sensitivitas asap cair 9% dengan diameter 5.63 cm, sedangkan uji tantang yang paling efektif pada perlakuan 3% dapat menurunkan infeksi A. hydrophyla pada ikan nila dengan jumlah total eritrosit (106/L): 2,27±0,15, total hemoglobin (g/dL): 8,03±0,21, dan kadar hematokrit (%): 21,35±1.34 (p < 0.05). Ikan nila yang diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila pada perlakuan kontrol menunjukkan gejala sirip geripis, sisik mengelupas, hemoragic, dan exopthalmia. Sedangkan perlakuan yang diberikan asap cair melalui pakan menunjukan kondisi ikan nila lebih baik pada gejala klinis dan analisis hematologi daripada ikan yang tidak diberikan perlakuan.
PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN PERUMAHAN TERHADAP KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT DI KAWASAN PESISIR KELURAHAN SALEKOE KECAMATAN WARA TIMUR KOTA PALOPO
Authors: S Muh.Sulkipli Muliadi
Published: July 2022

Paper ini memproyeksi jumlah penduduk pada Kecamatan (Wara Timur) di Kabupatan/ Kota ( Palopo) dan menghitung kebutuhan fasilitas umum. Paper ini merupakan tugas kuliah perencanaan fasilitas umum
PENGARUH DAYA TARIK WISATA KAWAH RENGGANIS TERHADAP KEPUASAN PENGUNJUNG DI RANCABALI
Authors: Putra Adi Fajar Permana
Published: July 2022

Provinsi Jawa Barat menjadi salah satu daerah destinasi wisata yang banyak dikunjungi. Salah satu aspek yang membuat Jawa Barat banyak dikunjungi adalah adanya kepuasan wisatawan terhadap pengalaman yang mereka miliki.
Peran Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDES) Dengan upaya meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan di desa Bina Baru Kecamatan Kulo Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Authors: Darwis Idham
Published: July 2022

Perencanaan merupakan usaha dalam menyusun rencana kegiatan. Perencanaan partisipatif sebagai strategi pembangunan dan proses penentuan keputusan public, sangat bergantung pada kesadaran masyarakat untuk mau melibatkan diri dalam proses pembangunan. Keberhasilan dalam pembangunan ditentukan faktor sosial dan politik, meliputi: tingkat kepercayaan masyarakat (public trust), legitimasi (legitimacy), tanggung gugat (accountability), kualitas layanan (public service quality), dan mencegah pembangkangan publik (public disobedience). Partisipasi dan transparansi akan menjadi perangkat untuk mengembalikan kepercayaan masyarakat pada pemerintah. Legitimasi sendiri dipahami sebagai pengakuan dan dukungan dari rakyat. Akuntabilitas menjadi indikator kemampuan pemerintahan memperoleh kepercayaan dari masyarakat. Perencanaan pembangunan partisipatif memegang peran penting dan merupakan aplikasi fungsi otonomi daerah dalam pembangunan.(Ahmad Mustanir et al. 2019) Pembangunan secara umum identik dengan proses perubahan yang direncanakan atau perbaikan kondisi menuju ke arah yang lebih baik. Pembangunan adalah sebuah upaya mencapai kemajuan bagi umat manusia secara umum, pembangunan seringkali dikaitkan dengan pencapaian dan peningkatan kesejahteraan secara ekonomis(Ahmad Mustanir, Nirmawati, akhwan Ali 2019).
PENERAPAN PERMAINAN KARTU KATA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PADA SISWA KELAS IV DI SDN KASSI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: L Marjuni.
Published: July 2022

Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan permainan kartu kata untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca nyaring siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Kassi. Kecamatan Manggala kota Makassar mengalami peningkatan.
Recommendations and Guidelines for Creating Scholarly Journals: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ng Jeremy Y. , Cobey Kelly Denise , Ahmed Saad , Chow Valerie , Maduranayagam Sharleen G. , Santoro Lucas J. , Sikora Lindsey , Marusic Ana , Shanahan Daniel , Townsend Randy , Ehrlich Alan , Iorio Alfonso , Moher David
Published: July 2022

Background: Scholarly journals play a key role in the dissemination of research findings. However, little focus is given to the process of establishing new, credible journals and the obstacles faced in achieving this. This scoping review aimed to identify and describe existing guidelines for starting a biomedical scholarly journal. Methods: We searched five bibliographic databases: OVID Medline + Medline in Process, Embase Classic + Embase, ERIC, APA PsycINFO, and Web of Science on January 14, 2022. A related grey literature search was conducted on March 19, 2022. Eligible sources were those published in English in any year, of any format, and that described guidance for starting a biomedical journal. Titles and abstracts of obtained sources were screened. We extracted descriptive characteristics including author name, year and country of publication, journal name, and source type, and any recommendations from the included sources discussing guidance for starting a biomedical journal. These recommendations were categorized and thematically grouped.Results: A total of 5626 unique sources were obtained. Thirty-three sources met our inclusion criteria. Most sources were blog posts (10/33; 30.30%), and only 10 sources were supported by evidence. We extracted 51 unique recommendations from these 33 sources, which we thematically classified into nine themes which were: journal operations, editorial review processes, peer review processes, open access publishing, copyediting/typesetting, production, archiving/indexing/metrics, marketing/promotion, and funding. Conclusions: There is little formal guidance regarding how to start a scholarly journal. The development of an evidence-based guideline may help uphold scholarly publishing quality, provide insight into obstacles new journals will face, and equip novice publishers with the tools to meet best practices.
Cinema after socialism. The Slovak and Latvian film industries
Authors: Solís Sofía
Published: July 2022

After socialism, the hybridization of the film markets in Slovakia and Latvia appeared with outward possibilities of further visibility, funding, and trafficking. Yet, the dominant trends of the global cinema arrived to lead the audience and market shares. The decisions taken by the audiovisual sector of each country followed the specific conditions of the post- socialist climate. Both cases applied different strategies to enhance the domestic cinematic works, under the particular struggles of each film industry. This article intends to review the directions taken after the socialist management aiming to present two scenarios of the current so-called transition.
EVALUASI DAN REMEDIAL PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Hadi Syamsul
Published: July 2022

Artikel ini memuat beberapa penjelasan tentang Evaluasi dan Remedial Pembelajaran PAI, yang mencakup Pengertian, Tujuan, Fungsi, Prinsip-Prinsip, Jenis-jenis, dan Alat-alat Penilaian yang digunakan dalam Evaluasi dan Remedial Pembelajaran PAI.
IMPLEMENTASI BUKU CERITA FIKSI DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BACA SISWA KELAS II
Authors: Harianti
Published: July 2022

IMPLEMENTASI BUKU CERITA FIKSI DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BACASISWA KELAS II
Investigating Corroboration of Self-Perceived Posttraumatic Growth among Sri Lankan Tamil Survivors of Ethnopolitical Warfare Through Trait, Domain, and Profile Agreement Approaches
Authors: Reynolds Caleb Joshua , Blackie Laura , Furr Mike , Demaske A. , Roepke Ann Marie , Forgeard Marie , Jayawickreme Eranda
Published: July 2022

Though research on assessing posttraumatic growth has been severely critiqued, some evidence suggests close others can observe and report changes in individuals following traumatic life events and are sensitive to idiosyncratic ways in which changes manifest. We extended these findings by investigating corroboration of self-perceived posttraumatic growth (PTG) and depreciation (PTD) as measured by the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-42 (PTGI-42) among Sri Lankan Tamil war survivors (n = 200). Informants slightly corroborated overall levels of PTG and PTD, while a more nuanced profile analysis procedure revealed overall—but not distinctive—profile agreement. This suggests self-other agreement is modest and may partly reflect shared narratives and collective cultural understandings about how people change after trauma. Results demonstrate further that informants were not sensitive to idiosyncratic ways in which target individuals had changed. Together, the lack of validity evidence suggests that the PTGI-42 may be inadequate in some cross-cultural contexts as a measure of nuanced posttraumatic change (i.e., as a measure of specific changes in the five theorized domains of growth and depreciation). Future work should emphasize culture- and context-sensitive measurement of posttraumatic change, particularly focusing on methods other than retrospective self-reports, such as prospective longitudinal designs.
LAPORAN HASIL WAWANCARA BIMBINGAN BELAJAR BAGI ANAK YANG KESULITAN BELAJAR DI SD NEGERI KASSI
Authors: Harianti
Published: July 2022

LAPORAN HASIL WAWANCARA BIMBINGAN BELAJAR BAGI ANAK YANG KESULITAN BELAJAR DI SD NEGERI KASSI
Pengaruh Orang Tua Terhadap Menyelesaikan Tugas / Pr Di SD Negeri Inpres Manggala
Authors: Fitrah Nur
Published: July 2022

Pendidikan merupakan sebuah sistem. Sebagai sistem, aktivitas pendidikan terbangun dalam beberapa komponen, yaitu pendidik, peserta didik, tujuan pendidikan, Pendidikan sangatlah penting untuk kita semua, tidak hanya orang dewasa tetapi darikalangan anak kecil sampe orang tua sangatlah membutuhkan pendidikan karena pendidikan penting untuk kehidupan yang berlangsung ini, pendidikan memiliki perananyang sangat penting bagi manusia karena dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan manusia dalam seluruh aspek kepribadian dan kehidupannya. Pendidikan digunakan sebagai indikator kemajuan suatu bangsa yang sangat penting dalam mendukung pembangunan,dan merupakan pondasi kompentensi suatu bangsa. Dengan pendidikan manusia dapat menghadapi dan memecahkan masalah serta tantangan yang dihadapinya. Berbicaratentang pendidikan tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan upaya-upaya yang harus dilakukanuntuk menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang kompeten dan berkualitas.Pengaruh perhatian orang tua dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar adalah dengan cara memberikan bimbingan agar giat belajar siswa dapat tersalurkan dan dapatditingkatkan dengan baik. Pengaruh perhatian orang tua ,antara orang tua terhadap hasil belajar siswa,karena waktu siswa lebih banyak dirumah. Orang tua yang memberikan perhatian dan bimbingan belajar yang baik kepada anak, maka hasil belajar anak dalam belajar juga akan mencapai hasil yang baik.
PERMAINAN KARTU KATA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PADA SISWA KELAS IV DI SDN KASSI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: L Marjuni.
Published: July 2022

Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan permainan kartu kata untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca nyaring siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Kassi. Kecamatan Manggala kota Makassar mengalami peningkatan.
Perencanaan Fasilitas Umum Kecamatan Walenrang Utara
Authors: Indar
Published: July 2022

Paper ini memproyeksi jumlah penduduk pada Kecamatan Walenrang Utara Kabupaten Luwu dan menghitung kebutuhan fasilitas umum. Paper ini merupakan tugas kuliah perencanaan fasilitas umum
Things always Come in Threes! A Meta-analysis of Published Studies on the Verifiability Approach and a Test of the Decline Effect
Authors: Delmas Hugues , Demarchi Samuel
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Palena et al. (2021) and Verschuere, Bogaard et al. (2021) published two meta-analyses on the verifiability approach (VA) that showed both consistent and inconsistent results. One reason for these inconsistencies may be the different methods used to test the effect of a moderator. We wanted to re-examine the previous effects and brought new elements. Hypotheses: We tested (a) the two moderator testing methods previously used to identify differences in results, (b) relevance of the verifiable/unverifiable ratio, (c) log-odds ratio to distinguish truth-tellers from liars, (d) other moderators (e.g., word count), and (e) the presence of a decline effect. Method: We analyzed 23 effect-sizes extracted from 20 published studies based on 1946 individual participants. Results: We observed an overall medium veracity effect for the number of verifiable details (gu = 0.54), the proportion of verifiable details (gu = 0.55) and the verifiable/unverifiable ratio (gu = 0.48). No veracity effect was found for the unverifiable details. Results between the two moderators testing methods were mostly consistent, except for the use of an information protocol and motivation. There were no effects of the use of an information protocol when only external lies and mock criminal setting studies were considered. The type of lie, the belief in the verification of one’s statement and cross validation moderated the veracity effect on the verifiability approach. All measures allow to distinguish liars from truth-tellers with LORs ranging from 0.91 to 1.21. A decline effect only appeared for the number of verifiable details. Conclusion: The VA was relevant for detecting lies, especially when they concerned external facts. Nonetheless, the low number of verifiable details may be due to reasons other than the lie.
Water discharge variations control fluvial stratigraphic architecture in the Middle Eocene Escanilla formation, Spain
Authors: Sharma Nikhil , Whittaker Alexander , Watkins Stephen , Valero Luis , Vérité Jean , Puigdefàbregas Cai , Adatte Thierry , Garcés Miguel , Guillocheau François , Castelltort Sebastien
Published: July 2022

Ancient fluvial deposits typically display repetitive changes in their depositional architecture such as alternating intervals of coarse-grained highly amalgamated (HA), laterally-stacked, channel bodies, and finer-grained less amalgamated (LA), vertically-stacked, channels encased in floodplain deposits. Such patterns are usually ascribed to slower, respectively higher, rates of base level rise (accommodation). However, “upstream” factors such as water discharge and sediment flux also play a potential role in determining stratigraphic architecture, yet this possibility has never been tested despite the recent advances in the field of palaeohydraulic reconstructions from fluvial accumulations. Here, we chronicle riverbed gradient evolution within three Middle Eocene (~ 40 Ma) fluvial HA-LA sequences in the Escanilla Formation in the south-Pyrenean foreland basin. This work documents, for the first time in a fossil fluvial system, how the ancient riverbed systematically evolved from lower slopes in coarser-grained HA intervals, and higher slopes in finer-grained LA intervals, suggesting that bed slope changes were determined primarily by climate-controlled water discharge variations rather than base level changes as often hypothesized. This highlights the important connection betweenclimate and landscape evolution and has fundamental implications for our ability to reconstruct ancient hydroclimates from the interpretation of fluvial sedimentary sequences.
A brief decentering mindfulness induction to modulate the link between eating simulations and desire for attractive food – Does domain specificity matter?
Authors: Tatar Betül , Glandorf Hanna Lea , Papies Esther K.
Published: July 2022

We investigated the question of domain specificity in brief decentering across two experiments. Specifically, we assessed the effect of brief decentering-based mindfulness instructions on reactivity to food cues, and whether these instructions are most effective when they specifically refer to experiences in a specific domain (e.g., food cravings), or when taught more generally. In Experiment 1, participants (N = 91, female = 71, predominantly without prior meditation experience) listened to general decentering, domain-specific decentering or relaxation (control) instructions. They then viewed a bowl of crisps (attractive food) and a rice cake (neutral food), in counterbalanced order. The main outcome measure was the amount of salivation to foods as a physiological measure of desire to eat. We also assessed self-reported desire, consumption simulations, and subjective decentering experiences. Results showed that participants salivated more to the attractive food compared to the neutral food. Salivation to the attractive food was comparable across the three study conditions. Exploratory analyses suggested a decoupling effect, where general decentering, but not domain-specific decentering reduced the association between consumption simulations and salivation to crisps compared to relaxation. We conducted Experiment 2 to replicate findings of Experiment 1 with a different active control condition. Participants (N = 118, female 88, predominantly without prior meditation experience) followed the same procedure as Experiment 1, except a ‘normal viewing’ control condition was used, and only crisps were shown as food stimulus. As with Experiment 1, salivation to the attractive food was comparable across the three conditions. However, the decoupling effect found in Experiment 1 was not replicated. Overall, these experiments provide preliminary yet insufficient evidence on how decentering affects the link between consumption simulations and desire, and whether domain specificity modulates this relationship. These questions are worth continued investigation for their relevance to theory and to the development of cost-effective interventions that are optimised for use in daily life.
Charged Up and Anchored Down: Structural and Psychological Processes Influencing Defendant and Defense Attorney Plea Decision-Making
Authors: Cardenas Stephanie Aurora
Published: July 2022

Although legal scholars and psychologists have long suggested that prosecutorial overcharging may elicit cognitive errors (i.e., in the form of anchoring) that bias plea offer evaluations and coerce defendants to plead guilty, no work has empirically investigated whether these claims are warranted. If warranted, what are the underlying mechanisms for this effect—failures due to biased information processing or failures due to numeric priming—and what can be done to mitigate the harmful impact of anchoring biases on defendant and attorney plea decisions? To answer these questions, I have designed three studies that will collectively (a) demonstrate to what extent defendants and attorneys are susceptible to the anchoring bias, (b) provide information about the possible mechanism behind why they may succumb to anchoring effects, and (c) test the efficacy of a motivation-based debiasing strategy.
The Influence of Linguistic Form and Causal Explanations on the Development of Social Essentialism
Authors: Benitez Josie , Leshin Rachel , Rhodes Marjorie
Published: July 2022

Generic descriptions of social categories (e.g., boys play baseball; girls have long hair) lead children and adults to think of the referenced categories (e.g., boys and girls) in essentialist terms—as natural ways of dividing up the world. Yet, key questions remain unanswered about how, why, and when generic language shapes the development of essentialist beliefs. The present experiment examined the scope of these effects by testing the extent to which generics elicit essentialist beliefs because of their linguistic form or because of the causal information they convey. Generic language led children (N = 199, M age= 6.07 years, range = 4.5-7.95) to essentialize a novel social category, regardless of the causal information used to describe category-property relations (either biological or cultural). In contrast, both linguistic form and causal information influenced adults’ (N = 234) beliefs. These findings reveal a unique role of linguistic form in the development and communication of essentialist beliefs in young children.
Exploring individual variation in Turkish heritage speakers’ complex linguistic productions: Evidence from discourse markers
Authors: Özsoy Onur , Blum Frederic
Published: July 2022

Research in multilingual speakers is often compared to monolingual baselines which are commonly treated as if they were homogeneous across speakers. Despite recent research showing that this homogeneity does not hold, this reproduces nativespeakerism and monolingualism. In our study, we want to analyze the use of discourse markers in three different speaker groups of Turkish, and analyze extensively the variation between and within those groups. We interpret discourse markers as speech planning events, and distinguish between macro-planning utterance-initially, as well as micro-planning within an utterance. Both planning events are hypothesized to be more frequent with heritage speakers. The study also focusses on individual variation within those groups.
Cross-national psychometric evaluation of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy version for medical students
Authors: Piumatti Giovanni , da Costa Manuel João Tavares Mendes , Ardenghi Stefano , Baroffio Anne , Elorduy Marta , Gerbase Margaret W. , Gustin Marie-Paule , Palés Jordi , Quince Thelma , Rampoldi Giulia , Strepparava Maria Grazia , Thiemann Pia , Virumbrales Montserrat , Costa Patrício
Published: July 2022

Objective. To examine the factorial structure of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Medical student version (JSE-S) and assess items’ discriminatory ability at higher and lower empathy levels in medical student populations from different countries and languages.Methods. JSE-S datasets were retrieved from previous studies of 4,113 first- and/or second-year medical students from Switzerland, Portugal, Italy, Brazil, France, Spain, New Zealand, UK, Ireland, Mexico, and Peru. Parallel principal component analyses and item response theory were applied.Results. Excluding item 18, the Compassionate Care subscale emerged in five samples (Switzerland, Portugal, Italy, France and UK/Ireland), Perspective Taking in three (Switzerland, Portugal and UK/Ireland) and Walking in Patient’s Shoes in five (Switzerland, Portugal, Spain, UK/Ireland and Mexico/Peru). All subscales had items providing overlapping information. The JSE-S subscales had reliable high test performance at low empathy levels, while when the JSE-S increased, the standard error also increased.Conclusion. There was no consistent support across countries for the JSE-S three-factorial structure. Items provided redundant information and discriminatory power decreased when aiming to differentiate students at high empathy levels.Practice Implications. A JSE-S revision to improve cross-cultural comparability, results’ generalisability and validity should focus on suppressing or reformulating items that cannot differentiate medical students’ empathy.
Approaches for Enhancing Mathematics Learning of Students with Learning Difficulties
Authors: Khanal Bishnu
Published: July 2022

Mathematics, commonly taken as a complicated subject, has been further challenging for students with learning difficulties. Learning difficulties are the difficulties of learners acquiring the knowledge and skills to the average level expected of those of the same age, primarily because of mental disability or cognitive disorder. Effective teaching approaches are required to meet the needs of diverse students in enhancing mathematics learning. This paper explores the approaches for enhancing mathematics learning for students with learning difficulties. The armchair research adopts document study or library study to explore the techniques to enhance students’ mathematics learning with learning difficulties. The findings showed students’ perception of the learning of mathematics greatly affects students’ motivation to engage in learning mathematics and achievement. The positive perception of students encourages them for effective learning. Some of the approaches to enhance mathematics learning for students with learning difficulties include: giving praise at the appropriate time; developing problem-solving abilities; guiding to identify the reasons other than personal factors; finding the reasons for lacking effort in the subject, providing opportunities for students to showcase their abilities in the classroom; encouraging and supervising learning habits and analyzing the attributions of success and failure after each exam. These approaches are useful to enhance the learning of students with learning difficulties in our classroom situation, and they become helpful to the teachers.
Higher Education Status in Nepal: Possibilities and Prospects
Authors: Acharya Milan , Acharya Kamal Prasad , Gyawali Kalpana
Published: July 2022

Higher education is the key to the overall development of a country like Nepal, whose population is ephemeral through a demographic transition. Currently, 11 universities, four health academies and 1432 higher education institutions associated (constituent and affiliated) are providing mainstream higher education in Nepal. However, providing access to higher education to the increased number of the eligible population still remains a challenge, while on the other hand, the quality of higher education and its significance to local and national primacy has been a concern. In the meantime, planners, policymakers and researchers need timely and relevant data in order to meet the challenge faced in their relevant sectors. Despite having challenges in higher education in Nepal, Tribhuvan University, the oldest and leading university, is producing more Masters, MPhil, and PhD graduates for the nation’s overall development.
Native Language in English as a Foreign Language Classes: Teachers’ Lived Experiences
Authors: Neupane Nabaraj
Published: July 2022

Along with the prevalence of post-method pedagogy in English language teaching, the use of learners’ native language (NL) in English as a foreign language (EFL) context has become a vital issue. Considering the issue, this article aims to dig into the phenomenon of NL usage with special reference to Nepal. For achieving this objective, I followed a phenomenological study design to explore the teachers’ lived experiences. I purposively selected ten university English language teachers to observe their EFL classes based on age, qualification, gender, and teaching experience. The information obtained from the unstructured classroom observation led me to the four themes such as conditions, reasons, strategies and consequences. The findings reveal that most informants used NL for better and more efficient communication; they used NL in different ways; and learners were at ease, self-assured, and pleased with NL usage. This implies that EFL teachers need to use the learners’ NL sparingly.
बहुकक्षा बहुस्तर शिक्षण सिकाइ र यसको सान्दर्भिकता {Multi class multilevel teaching learning and its relevance}
Authors: जि.सी. G.C. कृष्ण बहादुर Krishna Bahadur
Published: July 2022

वर्तमान समयमा बहुकक्षा बहुस्तर शिक्षण सिकाइलाई सिकाइको सन्दर्भमा नवीन प्रयोगका रुपमा लिने गरिन्छ । बहुकक्षा बहुस्तर शिक्षण सिकाइले विभिन्न कक्षाका विभिन्न सिकाइ स्तर भएका विद्यार्थीहरुलाई एकै ठाउँमा राखेर सिकाउने तरिकालाइ जनाउँछ । यस किसिमको सिकाइमा विद्यार्थीहरुले आफ्नो क्षमता अनुसार एकै परिवेशमा बसेर सिक्ने अवसरप्राप्त गर्दछन् । बहुकक्षा बहुस्तर शिक्षण सिकाइमा विभिन्न उमेर समूहका बालवालिकाहरुको वैयक्तिक विभिन्नतालाई समेटेर सबैको आवश्यकता, रुचि तथा क्षमताको सम्बोधन हुने गरी शिक्षण सिकाइ प्रक्रिया अवलम्बन गरिएको हुन्छ । यस सिकाइमा एक भन्दा बढी कक्षाका फरक फरक सिकाइ स्तर भएका बालवालिकाहरु एकै समयमा एउटै कक्षाकोठामा र एउटै बसाई व्यवस्थापनमा रहेर सिक्ने गर्दछन् । यसका लागि शिक्षक भने एक पटकमा एक जना मात्रहुने गर्दछ । व्यक्तिले आफ्नो क्षमता अनुसार आफै सक्रिय भएर हुने सिकाइले यस प्रक्रियामा निरन्तरता पाउने गर्दछ । नेपालको सन्दर्भमा बहुकक्षा बहुस्तर शिक्षण सिकाइको प्रयोग हुन थालेको एक दशक भइसकेको वर्तमान परिवेशमा यसको प्रयोग के–कसरी भइरहेको छ, यसबाट लाभान्वित व्यक्तिहरुको सिकाइको अवस्था के कस्तो छ, यस पद्धतिका समस्याहरु के–के छन् र ती समस्याहरु के–कसरी समाधान गर्न सकिन्छ भन्ने सन्दर्भमा उपायहरु प्रदान गर्ने उद्देश्यसहित यस अध्ययन कार्यलाई पूर्णता दिइएको छ । यसका साथै यो नयाँ किसिमको अभ्यास भएकोले यसको व्यापकता सम्भव छ वा छैन भन्ने तथ्यलाई पनि यस अध्यनबाट हेर्ने जमर्को गरिएको छ । काभ्रेपलाञ्चोक जिल्लालाई अध्ययन क्षेत्र बनाई गरिएको यस अनुसन्धानमा बहुकक्षा बहुस्तर शिक्षण सिकाइ पद्धति अवलम्बन गरिएका सम्पूर्ण विद्यालयहरु र त्यहाँ अध्ययन अध्यापनमा सङ्लग्न शिक्षक र विद्यार्थीहरु जम्मा जनसङ्ख्या रहेकोमा केवल तिनवटा विद्यालयहरुलाई अवस्था  Case का रुपमा छनोट गरिएको छ । यस अनुसन्धानको नमूना आकारका रुपमा छनोटमा परेका तिनवटा विद्यालय तथा यसमा अध्ययन गर्ने विद्यार्थी र अध्यापन गर्ने शिक्षकहरु रहेका छन् । उद्देश्यमूलक नमूना छनोट विधिबाट यस अध्ययनका नमूनाको छनोट गरिएको छ । सबै तह र कक्षाका विद्यार्थीहरुलाई एकै ठाउँमा राखेर सिकाउनका लागि शिक्षकलाई कठिनाई भएको र सिकारुहरुलाई आवश्यक केही विषयवस्तु बाहेक सबै अवस्थामा यो पद्धति सान्दर्भिक नभएको यस अध्ययनबाट देखिएको छ । त्यसैले यसको प्रभावकारीताका लागि शिक्षकलाई आवश्यक तालिमको प्रबन्ध गर्ने र विद्यार्थीहरुलाई अनावश्यक रुपमा एकै ठाउँमा बस्नुपर्ने बाध्यता भन्दा पनि स्वेच्छाले नै सिमीत तथा नवीन कुराहरु सिकाउनका लागि मात्र एकै बसाईको व्यवस्थापन गरी सिकाउँदा यसको सान्दर्भिकता तथा प्रभावकारीता दुवै बढ्ने देखिन्छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान ढाँचामा आधारित अध्ययन भएकोले यस अनुसन्धानबाट प्राप्त निचोडलाई भने समान गुणयुक्त जनसङ्ख्यामा सामान्यीकरण गर्न सकिँदैन ।
सहयात्री उपन्यासमा नारी चेतना र सशक्तीकरण {Female Consciousness and Empowerment in Sahayatri Novels}
Authors: खनाल Khanal राजेन्द्र Rajendra
Published: July 2022

प्रस्तुत लेख सहयात्री उपन्यासमा रहेको नारी चेतना र सशक्तीकरणको  विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा उपन्यासका नारीका अवस्था, नारी चेतना तथा सशक्तीकरणका सन्दर्भहरूको सोदाहरण विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । सहयात्री उपन्यास लैङ्गिक अत्याचार र विभेदको अन्त्यका लागि सबै नारीहरू सचेत हुनुपर्ने आग्रहमा केन्द्रित देखिन्छ । सामूहिक सक्रियताले अधिकार निर्माण तथा लैङ्गिक सन्तुलन कायम गर्न सकिने विचार यस उपन्यासका मुख्य उपलब्धि हुन् । लैङ्गिक दृष्टिले समानान्तर अस्तित्वलाई प्राधान्य दिइएको छ । नारीलाई केन्द्रीय भूमिका दिएर पुरुषसँगको समानान्तर सहकार्य तथा सक्रियताले मात्र सामाजिक परिवर्तन सम्भव छ भन्ने देखाउनु उपन्यासको सन्तुलित तथा सचेत प्राप्ति हो । समाजमा हुने लैङ्गिक समस्या  तथा सामाजिक शोषण र दमनका विरुद्ध सामूहिक एवम् साङ्गठनिक तवरले सशक्त आवाज सहित सक्रिय हुँदा न्याय स्थापना गर्न सकिने जनाउँदै लैङ्गिक सशक्तता तथा समानान्तर सचेत भूमिकाको आवश्यकता रहेको सन्देश दिइएको छ भने सामूहिक सचेत आवाजले अन्यायको पराजय र न्यायको विजय देखाउँदै सकारात्मक परिणति प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । उपन्यासमा सामाजिक, लैङ्गिक हिंसा एवम् समस्यालाई केन्द्रबिन्दु बनाएर इन्दु मार्फत् सशक्त चेतना निर्माण गर्दै लैङ्गिक समानताको पक्षपोषण गरिएको छ । नारी चेतना रसशक्तीकरणको आवाजलाई प्राधान्य दिई सचेत विचार प्रवाह गर्न सक्षम रहेकाले उपन्यासकार शीतविन्दु नारीकेन्द्री मुद्दामा संवेदनशील रहेको प्रस्ट हुन्छ ।

{The presented article focuses on the analysis of women's consciousness and empowerment in Sahayatri novel. In the presented article, the context of women's situation, women's consciousness and empowerment in the novel has been analyzed. Sahayatri's novel seems to focus on the demand that all women should be aware for the end of gender oppression and discrimination. The main achievement of this novel is the idea that collective activism can create rights and maintain gender balance. Gender equality is preferred. Giving women a central role and showing that social change is possible only through parallel collaboration and activism with men is a balanced and conscious realization of the novel. A message has been given stating that justice can be established when a collective and organizational voice is active against gender problems and social exploitation and oppression, and the need for gender empowerment and a parallel conscious role, while a collective conscious voice shows the defeat of injustice and the victory of justice. In the novel, gender equality has been nurtured by creating a strong awareness through Indu by making social and gender violence and problems central. It is clear that the novelist Seetbindu is sensitive to women-centric issues, as he is able to convey conscious thoughts by giving priority to the voice of women's consciousness rasshaktikaran.}
विधमान चुनौतिः स्वास्थ्य सेवा कि उपभोग्य बस्तु ? {Present Challenge: Healthcare or consumer goods?}
Authors: महत Mahat मोहन कुमार Mohan Kumar
Published: July 2022

राज्यले सबै नागरिकको पहुँचमा स्वास्थ्य सेवा विस्तार गर्नको लागि समयानुकुलको स्वास्थ्य नीति, रणनीति र कार्यक्रम सञ्चालन गर्नु पर्दछ । कतिपय कुरा नीतिगत रुपमा उल्लेख गरिए पनि त्यसको सो अनुरुप कार्यन्वयन, संचालन तथा व्यवस्थापन गर्न नसक्दा राज्यले प्रदान गर्ने स्वास्थ्य सेवा कागजमै सीमित भएको छ जवसम्म सरकारले स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्रको पर्वाधार विकास र विस्तारमा लगानी गर्दैन तवसम्म स्वास्थ्य सेवा मौलिक हकको रूपमा राज्यबाट प्राप्त गर्ने सेवा नभएर उपभोग्य वस्तु जस्तै गरी खरिद गर्ने र नसक्ने, निमुखा आम नागरिक स्वास्थ्य सेवाबाट वञ्चित हुनु परेको यथार्त हाम्रो सामु रहेको छ । जसले समाजमा हुने र नहुने बीचमा ठूलो आर्थिक तथा सामाजिक खाडल निर्माण गरी समतामूलक समाज निर्माण गर्ने महान अभिलाषा असफल हुन पुग्दछ । स्वास्थ्य सेवालाई हुनेले खरिद गर्ने वस्तु बनाउने र नहुनेले उपभोग गर्ने सेवा सुन्नु पर्ने बाध्यतालाई समयमै निराकरण गरी आजको आवश्यकता हो । तसर्थ स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्रमा नीतिगत परिवर्तन गर्दै लगानी विस्तार मार्फत राज्यले नागरिकको अधिकार सुरक्षित गर्न अपरिहार्य छ । 

{The state should conduct timely health policies, strategies and programs to expand the reach of health services to all citizens. Even though some things have been mentioned as policy, the health services provided by the state have been limited to paper because they cannot be implemented, operated and managed accordingly. Unless the government invests in the infrastructure development and expansion of the health sector, then health services will not be a service to be received from the state as a fundamental right, but a consumable item like People who buy and can't, facing ordinary citizens The reality of being deprived of health services is in front of us. Which leads to the failure of the great desire to create an egalitarian society by creating a huge economic and social gap between the haves and have-nots in the society. It is the need of the day to solve the necessity of making healthcare products for those who have them to buy and those who don't have to listen to them. Therefore, it is inevitable for the state to protect the rights of citizens through policy changes in the health sector and investment expansion.}
‘जिडीपी’ को अर्थराजनीति {Ecopolitics of 'GDP'}
Authors: चालिसे Chalise विशाल कुमार  Bishal Kumar
Published: July 2022

एक कृत्रिम जटिल र अमूर्त वस्तु सार्वजनिक नीति निर्माणको केन्द्रमा यत्रो समय सम्म कसरी रहन गयो, जसले मानिसको जनजीवनमा प्रभाव गर्ने निर्णयहरूलाई प्रभावित पारिरहेको छ । अर्थतन्त्रलाई नै प्रतिनिधित्व गर्ने एउटा तथाङ्कले कसरी देश र सरकारको कामकारबाहीलाई मापन गर्ने हैसियत बनायो ? आर्थिक सँगसँगै एउटा राजनीतिकमानक पनि कसरी भयो ? के यस्तो जटिल आर्थिक सामाजिक प्रणालीको चित्रण गर्न जिडीपी एक मात्र मापक हुनसक्छ ? यस्तै प्रश्नहरूको उत्तर दिने प्रयास डाएन कोयलको ‘जिडीपी अ ब्रिफ बट अफेक्सनेट हिस्ट्री स फिलिपे लिपेनिजको ‘दपावर अफ अ सिङ्गल नम्बरु र लोरेञ्जफिओरा मोन्टीको ‘ग्रस डोमेस्टीक प्रोब्लमु पुस्तकमा गरिएको छ । यो लेख यी तीन पुस्तकको सार समीक्षामा आधारित छ ।

{How did an artificially complex and intangible object remain at the center of public policy making for so long, influencing decisions that affect people's lives? How did a number that represents the economy become a measure of the country's and government's performance? How did a political standard along with economic ? Can GDP be the only measure to describe such a complex economic and social system? Attempts to answer similar questions have been made in Diane Coyle's book 'GDP A Brief But Effective History', Philippe Lippeniz's 'The Power of a Single Number' and Lorenzfiora Monti's 'Gross Domestic Problem'. This article is based on a summary review of these three books.}
SEGITIGA KEKERASAN, HAM, DAN PEREMPUAN AFGHANISTAN ERA KEPEMIMPINAN TALIBAN
Authors: Andani Rafika Wahyu
Published: July 2022

Pemenuhan hak asasi perempuan di Afghanistan menjadi salah satu isu yang sulit mendapat titik terang. Di era kepemimpinan Taliban yang berhasil merebut kursi pemerintahan beberapa waktu silam, hak perempuan kembali mengalami kemunduran. Human Right Watch menyatakan bahwa situasi hak perempuan di Afghanistan semakin memburuk. Ancaman dan serangan ditujukkan kepada para pemimpin perempuan, anak perempuan yang bersekolah, dan perempuan yang berusaha menghindari diri dari kekerasan domestik. Peristiwa kekerasan yang terus-terusan terulang seolah tidak terlihat di mata hukum dan pemerintah. Perlakuan Taliban ini menjadi bukti adanya diskriminasi terhadap perempuan. Artikel ini menggunakan Teori Segitiga Kekerasan Johan Galtung yang membagi kekerasan menjadi tiga kategori yang saling berkaitan antara satu sama lain, yaitu kekerasan langsung, kekerasan struktural, dan kekerasan kultural. Penulis juga mengaitkan perilaku kekerasan dengan konsep HAM. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk mencari dan mengindetifikasi kekerasan berserta dampaknya, sehingga memungkinkan untuk mencari solusi yang lebih komprehensif. Kata kunci: Segitiga Kekerasan, HAM, Kekerasan, Perempuan, Taliban.
Pengembangan Model Capacitated Maximal Covering Location Problem (CMCLP) untuk Penentuan Lokasi dan Tipe Distribution Center
Authors: Santoso Santoso , Heryanto Rainisa Maini
Published: July 2022

Facility location decision making is necessary for both the public and private sectors for optimum utilization of resources. While the private sector may locate facilities to maximize profit or minimize cost, the public sector aims at providing services to cover as many in the population as possible. In this research, a Capacitated Maximal Covering Location problem (CMCLP) with constraints in actual world such as various types of facilities and consider maximum available budget to build the facilities. An Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is constructed in order to find the optimal solution. The problem to be solved is determining the strategic location for establishment of a Distribution Center (DC) that maximize number of demands that can be fulfilled. A numerical example in the previous study will be used and solved using MATLAB 9.0. From the development model, the company finds the optimal location to build a DC and knows the number of products allocated from DC to each demand point and the maximum number of demands that could be fulfilled as in the previous study. The company also could find out the type of DC to be built and of course meet the available budget to build the DC.
Strategic Development of a National Pre-tertiary Learning Analytics System
Authors: Divjak Blaženka , Vondra Petra , Pažur Aničić Katarina
Published: July 2022

This paper elaborates the design of a National Learning Analytics (LA) and Educational Data Mining System for pre-tertiary education in Croatia. The described approach consists of the following five phases: 1) objectives setting, 2) user needs analysis, 3) data availability analysis, 4) dashboards pre-design and 5) validation of functionalities. There is an evident research gap, as well as the lack of practical examples about the development of a Learning Analytics System (LAS) for pre-tertiary education on the national and/or regional level. Therefore, this research aims to make a scientific contribution by filling the recognized gap, but also contribute to solving the practical issues of national schools’ LAS development. To increase the usability of an LAS, the involvement of all end users is essential. In the described case, six main user groups were identified: 10-18 years old students, teachers, school management and support staff, regional and national authorities responsible for education, strategic bodies and researchers and, finally, project partners that work on system development. For each of them, separate dashboard functionalities have been designed through several rounds of consultations. Consultations with users started with focus groups and panels, to brainstorm the most important issues they would like to answer in order to enhance learning and teaching. Between the two rounds of consultation, there was an evaluation phase of the relevance of the gathered questions. Finally, targeted users provided feedback on the pre-production functionalities of each dashboard and validated them. In this process, several challenges were detected, including data gathering and protection, ethical issues and interpretation of results for students who are underage, and continuous adjustments to the users’ needs.
A Mobile Based Pharmacy Store Location-aware System
Authors: Akhigbe Bernard Ijesunor , Ososanya Oladele Joseph , Olajubu Emmanuel Ajayi
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a formulated mobile-based location-awareness model that was implemented into a Location-awareness System (L-aS hereafter) for finding the pharmacy location where prescribed drugs and their prices are available for sale. The scenario that inspired the model formulation was formalized using the unified modeling language. The model was implemented within the android studio integrated development environment with the L-aS database created through SQL lite database. The system was tested using user experience based testing technique. Based on core system performance testing, the system demonstrated a normal response time, resource utilization (i.e. storage and memory usage), and data use potentials of 414.6ms, 4.964mb and 1.9116 kb/secs, and 3.0296mb respectively. Therefore, the system performed well under ordinary conditions as an android application running on small memory devices. The study concluded that the developed mobile based pharmacy store location-aware system was useful to provide information to purchase prescribed drugs especially in perplexed situation(s).
Scientific Mapping of Social Accounting using Research Indexed in Scientific Databases
Authors: Sadabadi Ali Asghar , Ramezani Saeed , Fartash Kiarash
Published: July 2022

Scientometrics is one of the most important scales for evaluating scientific outputs. Co-word and social network analysis (SNA) were used to investigate relationships in the field of social accounting researches indexed on Scopus. The findings of the study indicate that the most frequent topics and vocabulary in this area is economic analysis, economic and social effects. Moreover, the most valuable subject areas were identified: based on closeness, they are water resources, tourism economics and structural adjustment. Based on centrality, economic impact, economic analysis, environmental economics and income distribution. The results of the study indicate that many important social and environmental issues can be assessed through social accounting. Co-authorship analysis revealed that the co-authorship network in this domain was discrete and with low density. By utilizing the co-occurrence map, researchers and policymakers can make policy making more effective through being aware of the research trends and hot topics in social accounting.
Venezuelan Scientific Journals in Scopus
Authors: Velásquez Tomás Darío Marín , Tocuyo Dany Day Josefina Arriojas
Published: July 2022

The historical behavior of Venezuelan journals indexed in Scopus from 2000 to 2020, their visibility and impact were studied. The data were obtained from the Scimago Journals and Country Rank portal and were a number of journals, published papers, impact factor (SJR) and quartile of location. The historical behavior of each variable was analyzed using sequential time series models to establish whether the behavior has been random or whether it follows a defined trend. It was found that both the number of journals and the number of published papers follow definite trends and SJR behaves randomly. The decrease in the number of journals may be influenced by the critical socioeconomic situation of the country; however, the number of papers has increased over time and the SJR has remained in a narrow range, meaning that most journals fall between the Q3 and Q4 quartile.