bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bottom-up effects on herbivore-induced plant defences: a case study based on compositional patterns of rhizosphere microbial communities
Authors: Benítez Emilio , Paredes Daniel , Rodríguez Estefanía , Aldana Diana , González Mónica , Nogales Rogelio , Campos Mercedes , Moreno Beatriz
Published: July 2017

Below-ground soil microorganisms can modulate above-ground plant-insect interactions. It still needs to be determined whether this is a direct effect of single species or an indirect effect of shifts in soil microbial community assemblages. Evaluation of the soil microbiome as a whole is critical for understanding multi-trophic interactions, including those mediated by volatiles involving plants, herbivorous insects, predators/parasitoids and microorganisms. We implemented a regulated system comprising Nerium oleander plants grown in soil initially containing a sterile/non sterile inoculum, herbivore Aphis nerii and predator Chrysoperla carnea. After aphid attack, plants emitted a characteristic blend of volatiles derived from two biosynthetic classes: fatty acid catabolites and aromatic-derived products. Three aliphatic compounds were mainly detected in plants grown in the inoculated microbial soil, a blend which was preferentially chosen by C. carnea adult females. The contrasting effect of the initial inocula was attributed to the different microbial consortia developed in each treatment. We argue that differences in the relative abundance of the active microbial communities in the rhizosphere correlate with those in the emission of selected volatile compounds by attacked plants. The mechanisms involved in how the functional soil microbiome modulates inducible indirect defence of plants are discussed.
The Role of Inflammation in β-cell Dedifferentiation
Authors: Nordmann Thierry M. , Dror Erez , Schulze Friederike , Traub Shuyang , Berishvili Ekaterine , Barbieux Charlotte , Böni-Schnetzler Marianne , Donath Marc Y.
Published: July 2017

Chronic inflammation impairs insulin secretion and sensitivity. β-cell dedifferentiation has recently been proposed as a mechanism underlying β-cell failure in T2D. Yet the effect of inflammation on β-cell identity in T2D has not been studied. Therefore, we investigated whether pro-inflammatory cytokines induce β-cell dedifferentiation and whether anti-inflammatory treatments improve insulin secretion via β-cell redifferentiation. We observed that IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα promote β-cell dedifferentiation in cultured human and mouse islets, with IL-1β being the most potent one of them. In particular, β-cell identity maintaining transcription factor Foxo1 was downregulated upon IL-1β exposure. In vivo, anti-IL-1β, anti-TNFα or NF-kB inhibiting sodium salicylate treatment improved insulin secretion of isolated islets. However, only TNFα antagonism partially prevented the loss of β-cell identity gene expression. Finally, the combination of IL-1β and TNFα antagonism improved insulin secretion of ex vivo isolated islets in a synergistic manner. Thus, while inflammation triggered β-cell dedifferentiation and dysfunction in vitro, this mechanism seems to be only partly responsible for the observed in vivo improvements in insulin secretion.
Compounding Impacts of Human-Induced Water Stress and Climate Change on Water Availability
Authors: Mehran Ali , AghaKouchak Amir , Nakhjiri Navid , Stewardson Michael J. , Peel Murray C. , Phillips Thomas J. , Wada Yoshihide , Ravalico Jakin K.
Published: July 2017

The terrestrial phase of the water cycle can be seriously impacted by water management and human water use behavior (e.g., reservoir operation, and irrigation withdrawals). Here we outline a method for assessing water availability in a changing climate, while explicitly considering anthropogenic water demand scenarios and water supply infrastructure designed to cope with climatic extremes. The framework brings a top-down and bottom-up approach to provide localized water assessment based on local water supply infrastructure and projected water demands. When our framework is applied to southeastern Australia we find that, for some combinations of climatic change and water demand, the region could experience water stress similar or worse than the epic Millennium Drought. We show considering only the influence of future climate on water supply, and neglecting future changes in water demand and water storage augmentation might lead to opposing perspectives on future water availability. While human water use can significantly exacerbate climate change impacts on water availability, if managed well, it allows societies to react and adapt to a changing climate. The methodology we present offers a unique avenue for linking climatic and hydrologic processes to water resource supply and demand management and other human interactions.
Raised-Volume Forced Expiratory Flow-Volume Curve in Healthy Taiwanese Infants
Authors: Lai Shen-Hao , Liao Sui-Ling , Yao Tsung-Chieh , Tsai Ming-Han , Hua Man-Chin , Chiu Chih-Yung , Yeh Kuo-Wei , Huang Jing-Long
Published: July 2017

The raised-volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression (RVRTC) manoeuvre has been applied to obtain full forced expiratory flow-volume curves in infants. No reference data are available for Asian populations. This study was conducted to establish predictive reference equations for Taiwanese infants. Full-term infants without any chronic disease or major anomaly were enrolled from this cohort study. Full forced expiratory flow-volume curves were acquired using RVRTC manoeuvres through Jaeger’s system. Tidal breath analysis, passive respiratory mechanics, and tidal forced expiratory flow-volume curves were performed and collected at the same measurement. Multiple linear analyses were used to model the variables. We performed 117 tests of RVRTC flow-volume curves in 97 infants. The results revealed that all parameters, except for FEV0.5 /FVC, correlated highly and positively with body length. These parameters correlated significantly with other parameters of passive respiratory mechanics and tidal forced expiratory flow-volume curves. This is the first study to establish equipment-specific reference data of full forced expiration using RVRTC manoeuvres in Asian infants. The results revealed that parameters of RVRTC manoeuvres are moderately related to other parameters of infant lung function. These race-specific reference data can be used to more precisely and efficiently diagnose respiratory diseases in infants of Chinese ethnicity.
Niosomes: A Strategy toward Prevention of Clinically Significant Drug Incompatibilities
Authors: Mohamed Hebatallah B. , El-Shanawany Sohair M. , Hamad Mostafa A. , Elsabahy Mahmoud
Published: July 2017

Drug incompatibilities are considered as one of the most critical problems in intensive care units. In the current study, the ability of nanomaterials to prevent drug incompatibilities in clinical settings has been investigated. As a proof-of-concept, the ability of niosomes to prevent physical and chemical incompatibilities that occur upon mixing acyclovir and vancomycin during management of acute meningitis has been explored. Nanosized spherical particles loaded separately with either vancomycin or acyclovir, with high entrapment efficiency (ca. 46–56%), could be prepared, and sustained release of their entrapped cargoes have been demonstrated over time. We have shown that precipitation, degradation and loss of biological activity of drugs occurred upon mixing solutions of the free drugs. On the contrary, drugs loaded separately inside niosomal structures exhibited high stability, exceptional physical and chemical compatibilities for up to 48 h with complete preservation of the antimicrobial activity of vancomycin. This study opens a venue for a new spectrum of applications of nanomaterials in preventing clinically significant drug incompatibilities, aiming at the reduction of adverse reactions, cost and hospitalization period, and improvement of patient compliance and therapeutic outcomes.
Ligandless dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with syringe to syringe back extraction for the determination of lead in water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Yao Li , Xu Wenzhi , Lin Chaowen , Zhu Yongqun , Luo Fuxiang , Zhang Jianhua , Liu Haitao , Pang Liangyu
Published: July 2017

Ligandless DLLME combined with syringe to syringe back extraction was applied for the preconcentration of Pb prior to analysis by FAAS.
Optimization of subcritical water extraction of phenolic antioxidants from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel by response surface methodology
Authors: Yan Linlin , Cao Yungang , Zheng Guangyao
Published: July 2017

Subcritical water extraction (SWE), a ‘green’ and efficient extraction technology, was applied to extract phenolic antioxidants from pomegranate peel in this study.
Neutrophil extracellular trap formation upon exposure of hydrophobic materials to human whole blood causes thrombogenic reactions
Authors: Sperling Claudia , Fischer Marion , Maitz Manfred F. , Werner Carsten
Published: July 2017

Granulocytes eject their DNA on hydrophobic surfaces in the form of NETs, leading to the activation of the coagulation cascade.
Alginate-based hydrogels functionalised at the nanoscale using layer-by-layer assembly for potential cartilage repair
Authors: Gentile P. , Ghione C. , Ferreira A. M. , Crawford A. , Hatton P. V.
Published: July 2017

Articular cartilage injuries are frequently difficult to repair because of the poor regenerative capacity of this tissue.
Et3GeH versus Et3SiH: controlling reaction pathways in catalytic C–F bond activations at a nanoscopic aluminum chlorofluoride
Authors: Meißner G. , Dirican D. , Jäger C. , Braun T. , Kemnitz E.
Published: July 2017

Catalytic C–F activations at Lewis-acidic amorphous aluminum chlorofluoride (ACF) with Et3GeH and Et3SiH for reaction pathway control are presented.
Hybridization of silver orthophosphate with a melilite-type phosphor for enhanced energy-harvesting photocatalysis
Authors: Wu Haoyi , Wang Zheng-Ming , Koike Kazuhide , Negishi Nobuaki , Jin Yahong
Published: July 2017

A water-resistant Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+,Dy3+long-lasting phosphor was hybridized with visible-light active Ag3PO4to achieve enhanced photocatalysis and energy-harvesting long lasting photocatalysis.
A conductive wood membrane anode improves effluent quality of microbial fuel cells
Authors: Huang Zhe , Gong Amy , Hou Dianxun , Hu Liangbing , Ren Zhiyong Jason
Published: July 2017

A wood membrane electrode enables electricity production from wastewater with good effluent quality.
Physicomechanical properties of spark plasma sintered carbon nanotube-containing ceramic matrix nanocomposites
Authors: Azarniya Abolfazl , Sovizi Saeed , Azarniya Amir , Rahmani Taji Boyuk Mohammad Reza , Varol Temel , Nithyadharseni Palaniyandi , Madaah Hosseini Hamid Reza , Ramakrishna Seeram , Reddy M. V.
Published: July 2017

Recently, a wide variety of research works have focused on carbon nanotube (CNT)–ceramic matrix nanocomposites.
Crystalline (Ni1−xCox)5TiO7nanostructures grown in situ on a flexible metal substrate used towards efficient CO oxidation
Authors: Jiang Yanan , Liu Baodan , Yang Wenjin , Yang Lini , Li Shujun , Liu Xiaoyuan , Zhang Xinglai , Yang Rui , Jiang Xin
Published: July 2017

Scalable (Ni1−xCox)5TiO7nanowire arrays were grownin situon a flexible titanium network substrate and exhibited superior catalytic performance for CO oxidation.
Half-metallic properties of 3d transition metal atom-intercalated graphene@MS2 (M = W, Mo) hybrid structures
Authors: Zhang Xiuyun , Bao Zujian , Ye Xiaoshan , Xu Wenxian , Wang Qiang , Liu Yongjun
Published: July 2017

Spin density plots and band structures of TM@(G/MoS2) (TM = V, Mn, Fe, Ni).
Facile thiolation of hydroxyl functional polymers
Authors: Andrén O. C. J. , Malkoch M.
Published: July 2017

A simple synthetic pathway to broaden the accessibility of thiol-functional polymers including formation of dendritic hydrogelsviaTEC chemistry.
Flexible unipolar thermoelectric devices based on patterned poly[Kx(Ni-ethylenetetrathiolate)] thin films
Authors: Liu Liyao , Sun Yuanhui , Li Wenbo , Zhang Jiajia , Huang Xing , Chen Zhijun , Sun Yimeng , Di Chongan , Xu Wei , Zhu Daoben
Published: July 2017

A unipolar thermoelectric device of poly[Kx(Ni-ethylenetetrathiolate)] was patterned via an electrochemical process on a prepatterned PET substrate with printed PDMS.
Novel vinylene-bridged donor–acceptor copolymers: synthesis, characterization, properties and effect of cyano substitution
Authors: Wei Congyuan , Zou Jiabin , Zhang Weifeng , Huang Jianyao , Gao Dong , Wang Liping , Liao Yi , Yu Gui
Published: July 2017

Cyano groups were introduced into two vinylene-bridged monomers and four polymers were synthesized, and their FET performances were fully studied.
Selective cross-dehydrogenative C–O coupling of N-hydroxy compounds with pyrazolones. Introduction of the diacetyliminoxyl radical into the practice of organic synthesis
Authors: Krylov Igor B. , Paveliev Stanislav A. , Shelimov Boris N. , Lokshin Boris V. , Garbuzova Irina A. , Tafeenko Viktor A. , Chernyshev Vladimir V. , Budnikov Alexander S. , Nikishin Gennady I. , Terent'ev Alexander O.
Published: July 2017

Oxidative C–O coupling of oximes, N-hydroxyphthalimide, and N-hydroxybenzotriazole with pyrazolones via formation of N-oxyl radicals is described.
Identifying a cobalt catalyst for highly selective hydrosilylation of allenes
Authors: Yang Zheng , Peng Dongjie , Du Xiaoyong , Huang Zheng , Ma Shengming
Published: July 2017

An efficient method of cobalt-catalyzed allene-hydrosilylation is developed. The less-substituted CC bond was reacted and the reaction demonstrated Z-stereoselectivity.
Moiety effect on the luminescent property of star-shaped triphenylamine (TPA) derivatives as mechanochromic materials
Authors: Zhang Ying , Feng Yao-Qin , Wang Jun-Hao , Han Gaoyi , Li Miao-Yu , Xiao Yaoming , Feng Zhen-Dong
Published: July 2017

Introducing small moieties, such as –COOH/–COOCH3, on TPA will form supramolecular interactions with different self-assemblies, demonstrating different effects on the MCF luminescent property.
Crystal growth and characterization of a mixed laser crystal: Nd-doped Gd0.89La0.1NbO4
Authors: Ding Shoujun , Zhang Qingli , Liu Wenpeng , Luo Jianqiao , Peng Fang , Wang Xiaofei , Sun Guihua , Sun Dunlu
Published: July 2017

A Nd:GdLaNbO4 crystal was grown successfully by the Czochralski method and a CW laser was realized with a slope efficiency of 34.2%.
Separation of main and satellite droplets in a deterministic lateral displacement microfluidic device
Authors: Tottori Naotomo , Hatsuzawa Takeshi , Nisisako Takasi
Published: July 2017

We present a novel DLD microfluidic device for preparing satellite-free main droplets and monodispersed satellite droplets.
Facile synthesis of water soluble reduced graphene oxide with a high concentration and its application in printable micro-supercapacitors
Authors: Su Haibo , Zhu Pengli , Zhang Leicong , Zhou Fengrui , liang Xianwen , Li Tingxi , Wang Qing , Sun Rong , Wong Chingping
Published: July 2017

A facile and efficient method has been developed to synthesize water soluble graphene (WSG), and MSCs could be easily fabricated by direct printing using WSG-based ink.
The role of curvature effects in liquid–liquid extraction: assessing organic phase mesoscopic properties from MD simulations
Authors: Duvail Magali , van Damme Steven , Guilbaud Philippe , Chen Yushu , Zemb Thomas , Dufrêche Jean-François
Published: July 2017

A molecular approach for investigating the role of chain configurations of reverse micelles containing rare-earth metals involved in liquid–liquid extraction.
Correction: Phase behavior of colloid–polymer depletion mixtures with unary or binary depletants
Authors: Park Nayoung , Conrad Jacinta C.
Published: July 2017

Correction for ‘Phase behavior of colloid–polymer depletion mixtures with unary or binary depletants’ by Nayoung Park et al., Soft Matter, 2017, 13, 2781–2792.
Fabrication of a one-dimensional tube-in-tube polypyrrole/tin oxide structure for highly sensitive DMMP sensor applications
Authors: Jun Jaemoon , Lee Jun Seop , Shin Dong Hoon , Oh Jungkyun , Kim Wooyoung , Na Wonjoo , Jang Jyongsik
Published: July 2017

1D tube-in-tube polypyrrole/tin oxide structure was fabricated using electrospinning and vapor deposition polymerization to construct the DMMP gas sensor, which shows high sensitivity and selectivity.
MnCO3/Mn3O4/reduced graphene oxide ternary anode materials for lithium-ion batteries: facile green synthesis and enhanced electrochemical performance
Authors: Zhang Rui , Wang Dong , Qin Lu-Chang , Wen Guangwu , Pan Hong , Zhang Yingfei , Tian Nan , Zhou Yu , Huang Xiaoxiao
Published: July 2017

The MnCO3/Mn3O4/reduced graphene oxide ternary composites which exhibit excellent electrochemical performance are synthesised via a green and facile method.
Stable hierarchical microspheres of 1D Fe–gallic acid MOFs for fast and efficient Cr(vi) elimination by a combination of reduction, metal substitution and coprecipitation
Authors: Niu Hongyun , Zheng Yang , Wang Saihua , He Sijing , Cai Yaqi
Published: July 2017

Stable hierarchical microspheres composed of one-dimensional Fe–gallic acid MOFs were synthesized to quickly and efficiently remove Cr(vi) from water.
Enhanced efficiency and environmental stability of planar perovskite solar cells by suppressing photocatalytic decomposition
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wu Jiang , Wang Yafei , Sarvari Hojjatollah , Liu Detao , Chen Zhi David , Li Shibin
Published: July 2017

Al-modified compact ZnO film-based planar PSCs exhibit high environmental stability and UV resistance.
From understanding the formation mechanism to enhanced supercapacitor performance of VSB-5 with a hierarchical structure
Authors: Zhang Yue , Hu Rudan , Wen Feng , Zhang Jianli , Wang Yining , Niu Richao , Wang Xin , Zhu Junwu
Published: July 2017

Rod-like VSB-5 with a hierarchical structure was obtained by the transformation of Ni3(PO4)2·8H2O with high electrochemical performance for supercapacitors.
Superior sodium storage performance of additive-free V2O5 thin film electrodes
Authors: Li Yanwei , Liu Canzheng , Xie Zhiping , Yao Jinhuan , Cao Guozhong
Published: July 2017

A V2O5 thin film electrode with superior sodium storage performance was fabricated by a facile and cost-efficient cathodic deposition method.
Synthesis and hydrolysis of NaZn(BH4)3 and its ammoniates
Authors: Wang Meichun , Ouyang Liuzhang , Peng Chenghong , Zhu Xiaoke , Zhu Weiheng , Shao Huaiyu , Zhu Min
Published: July 2017

The synthesis and hydrolysis performance of NaZn(BH4)3 and its ammoniates were investigated in this paper.
A novel fabricated material with divergent chemical handles based on UiO-66 and used for targeted photodynamic therapy
Authors: Nian Fuyu , Huang Yafan , Song Meiru , Chen Juan-Juan , Xue Jinping
Published: July 2017

A unique zirconium-based framework, used as a fabricated material to achieve dual functional chemical modification of UiO-66, was synthesized and demonstrated.
Geometrical shape adjustment of KTa0.5Nb0.5O3nanofillers for tailored dielectric properties of KTa0.5Nb0.5O3/PVDF composite
Authors: Chen Gaoru , Yang Wenlong , Lin Jiaqi , Wang Xuan , Li Dongping , Wang Yu , Liang Mengfan , Ding Weimin , Li Haidong , Lei Qingquan
Published: July 2017

The tailored dielectric properties of nanocomposites can be realized by adjusting the shape of introduced nanofillers.
High opto-electronic quality n-type single-crystalline-like GaAs thin films on flexible metal substrates
Authors: Rathi M. , Dutta P. , Zheng N. , Yao Y. , Khatiwada D. , Khadimallah A. , Gao Y. , Sun S. , Li Y. , Pouladi S. , Ahrenkiel P. , Ryou J.-H. , Selvamanickam V.
Published: July 2017

High mobility n-type GaAs – mobilities greater than 1300 cm2 V−1 s−1, highest achieved among semiconductor films grown directly on Ge template on metal foils.
Optimized electron-transport material based on m-terphenyl-diphenylphosphine oxide with the harmonious compatibility of high ET and electron mobility for highly efficient OLEDs
Authors: Zhang Qing , Wang Bo , Tan Jianghong , Mu Guangyuan , Yi Wei , Lv Xialei , Zhuang Shaoqing , Liu Wei , Wang Lei
Published: July 2017

Harmonious compatibility of high ET and electron mobility for highly efficient OLEDs.
Dithienylbenzodiimide: a new electron-deficient unit for n-type polymer semiconductors
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Zhang Xianhe , Wang Gang , Uddin Mohammad Afsar , Tang Yumin , Wang Yulun , Liao Qiaogan , Facchetti Antonio , Marks Tobin J. , Guo Xugang
Published: July 2017

A novel imide-functionalized dithienylbenzodiimide was synthesized and incorporated into polymer semiconductors, which exhibit low-lying FMOs and substantial electron mobilities.
Energy harvesting relaying using non‐ideal relaying node in Rician fading channels
Authors: Hu Yifan , Cao Ning , Chen Yunfei , Mao Minghe , Feng Ye
Published: July 2017

Idle nodes are used in cooperative communication to achieve performance gains. Energy harvesting (EH) technology makes cooperative communication less dependent on batteries. In this study, the performance of EH amplify‐and‐forward relaying is analysed by considering the throughput for Rician fading channels and non‐ideal relaying nodes, compared with previous works that focused on Rayleigh fading channels with ideal relaying nodes. The authors consider discrete time EH protocol and continuous time EH protocol. In addition, they derive the analytical expressions for the average throughput. Numerical results are presented to show the good performance of the system in Rician fading channels and the satisfactory performance while using the non‐ideal relaying node by examining various system parameters using the analytical expressions.
Integration of auto‐steering with adaptive cruise control for improved cornering behaviour
Authors: Idriz Adem F. , Abdul Rachman Arya S. , Baldi Simone
Published: July 2017

Several works have proposed longitudinal control strategies enabling a vehicle to operate adaptive cruise control and collision avoidance functions. However, no integration with lateral control has been proposed in the current state of the art, which motivates the developments of this work. This study presents an integrated control strategy for adaptive cruise control with auto‐steering for highway driving. An appropriate logic‐based control strategy is used to create synergies and safe interaction between longitudinal and lateral controllers to obtain both lateral stability and advanced adaptive cruise control functionalities. In particular, an index is proposed to evaluate lateral motion of the vehicle based on previously published experimental studies on human driving. In order to handle unstable lateral motion of the vehicle, the desired acceleration is determined based on physical limitation in braking with cornering situations. Simulation results show that the proposed integrated controller satisfies the performance in terms of autonomous driving, path tracking and collision avoidance for various driving situations.
Wishart distance‐based joint collaborative representation for polarimetric SAR image classification
Authors: Geng Jie , Wang Hongyu , Fan Jianchao , Ma Xiaorui , Wang Bing
Published: July 2017

Inspired by collaborative representation classifier (CRC), a Wishart distance‐based joint CRC (W‐JCRC) is proposed for polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) image classification. Since that neighbouring pixels usually belong to the same category with high probability, they can be simultaneously represented via a joint representation model of linear combinations of labelled samples. The joint collaborative representation of neighbouring pixels can overcome the influence of speckle noise at the same time. Considering the statistical property of PolSAR data, a weighted regularisation term with revised Wishart distance is designed to contain the correlations between unlabelled and labelled samples. The coefficients of representation are estimated by an ‐norm minimisation derived closed‐form solution. In the experiments, three real PolSAR images are applied to evaluate the performance, and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is able to improve classification accuracies compared with other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Efficient Synthesis of N-Alkyl Polyhydroxylated Pipecolamide Compounds from d-Glucurono-6,3-lactone
Authors: Wadouachi Anne , Kaddour Alaa , Toumieux Sylvestre
Published: July 2017

N-Alkyl pipecolamides were efficiently synthesized from d-glucurono-6,3-lactone via a key 5-azido N-alkylamide intermediate that can be used as a scaffold for the synthesis of 4-amino and N-sulfonated pipecolamide derivatives.
Krankenhaus Rating Report 2017: Der Osten macht den Unterschied
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: July 2017

In keinem anderen Bundesland geht es Krankenhäusern derzeit wirtschaftlich so gut wie in Sachsen. Während dort im Jahr 2015 so gut wie keine Klinik rote Zahlen schrieb, waren 40 Prozent aller Häuser in Baden-Württemberg defizitär. Bundesweit sind 9 Prozent aller Krankenhäuser akut insolvenzgefährdet, so der neue Krankenhaus Rating Report.
Aufsichtsräte in deutschen Krankenhäusern: Eine qualitative Studie verdeutlicht Handlungsdruck
Authors: Haberland Patrick A.
Published: July 2017

Aufsichtsräte stehen immer öfter im Scheinwerferlicht: Sie sollen als wichtiges Steuerungs- und Kontrollorgan Missmanagement vermeiden, strategische Impulse geben und die finanzielle Prosperität von Krankenhäusern sicherstellen und kontrollieren. Zudem sollen sie den Patientennutzen im Auge behalten. Um dieser doppelten Verantwortlichkeit gerecht zu werden, braucht es professionelle Aufsichtsräte.
UnternehmensPorträt ID Berlin: Erfolgreiche Pioniere
Authors: Mau Jens
Published: July 2017

Ein Familienunternehmen, das Pionierarbeit leistet und großen Industriekonzernen seit Jahrzehnten die Stirn bietet? Das klingt nach einem Mittelständler aus München oder Stuttgart. In diesem Fall handelt es sich jedoch um die Erfolgsgeschichte des Softwareunternehmens ID Berlin.
Kliniken: Dauerthema Krankenhaushygiene
Authors: Mewis Dirk
Published: July 2017

Seit 2010 hat sich die Anzahl der Krankenhaushygieniker fast verdoppelt. Trotzdem ist die Hygiene in deutschen Krankenhäusern immer noch ein Problem.
Predictive Value of Whole Blood and Plasma Coagulation Tests for Intra- and Postoperative Bleeding Risk: A Systematic Review
Authors: Larsen Julie , Hvas Anne-Mette
Published: July 2017

Excessive perioperative bleeding is associated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as increased economic costs. A range of whole blood laboratory tests for hemostatic monitoring has emerged, but their ability to predict perioperative bleeding is still debated. We conducted a systematic review of the existing literature assessing the ability of whole blood coagulation (thromboelastography [TEG]/thromboelastometry [ROTEM]/Sonoclot), platelet function tests, and standard plasma-based coagulation tests to predict bleeding in the perioperative setting. We searched PubMed and Embase, covering the period from 1966 to November 2016. In total, 99 original studies were included. The included studies assessed TEG/ROTEM/Sonoclot (n = 29), platelet function tests (n = 27), both test types (n = 8), and standard coagulation tests only (n = 18), and some (n = 17) investigated the predictive value of testing in patients receiving antithrombotic medication. In general, studies reported low positive predictive values for perioperative testing, whereas negative predictive values were high. The studies yielded moderate areas under receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve (for the majority, 0.60–0.80). In conclusion, while useful in the diagnosis and management of patients with overt bleeding, whole blood coagulation and platelet function tests as well as standard coagulation tests demonstrated limited ability to predict perioperative bleeding in unselected patients. Therefore, we recommend that both whole blood and plasma-based coagulation tests are primarily used in case of bleeding and not for screening in unselected patients prior to surgery.
Imaging of Pediatric Chronic Neck Infections
Authors: Gaddikeri Santhosh , Nagarajan Murali , Vattoth Surjith , El Beltagi Ahmed
Published: July 2017

Chronic neck infections in the pediatric population can have an indolent presentation that can mimic more serious conditions including neoplasia. Ultrasound remains a reliable primary modality for imaging of sialadenitis and infected congenital cystic neck lesions in children, whereas cross sectional imaging is needed if intervention is contemplated, to better evaluate multispatial involvement, lymph nodal morphology and distribution, and as the primary imaging modality to study more complex anatomy in case of ear infections.
Prävention nach herzchirurgischen Eingriffen
Authors: Kimmel Martin
Published: July 2017

Das akute Nierenversagen nach herzchirurgischen Eingriffen ist häufig (bis zu 30 % aller Patienten) und mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität assoziiert. In dem vorgestellten Projekt steht die Prävention eines akuten Nierenversagens in der Herzchirurgie durch Biomarker gesteuerte (IGFBP7 x TIMP-2 im Urin) Intervention bei Hochrisikopatienten im Fokus [1].
The Incidence and Effects of Alloimmunization in Pregnancy During the Period 2000 – 2013
Authors: Jerković Raguž Marjana , Šumanovic Glamuzina Darinka , Brzica Jerko , Gruica Tonći
Published: July 2017

Introduction The objective of the analysis was to examine the epidemiological aspects of maternal alloimmunization and to determine the most common antibody specificities resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).

Materials and Methods The retrospective epidemiological study encompasses all pregnant women who underwent immunohematological screening and the newborn treated for HDN in the period from 2000 to 2013 in the Herzegovina region.

Results The indirect Coombs test (ICT) detected antibodies against antigens in 384 (2.4%) pregnant women of the 18 800 who were tested at the Department of Transfusion Medicine. The direct Coombs test (DCT) detected antibodies against antigens in 160 (0.8%) newborn treated for HDN. The results of our 13-year study, in which 60% of the pregnant women had non-RhD antibodies, confirms this finding.

Conclusion However, we have reached the 21st century and the burden of alloimmunisation in pregnancy is still on our backs. The problem of immunization and HDN is still present in our region, which is a neonatal and public health problem.
Einfluss der Fettleber auf den Glukosestoffwechsel nicht unterschätzen
Authors: Stefan Norbert , Pfeiffer Andreas F , Birkenfeld Andreas , Herzig Stephan , Schürmann Annette , Tschöp Matthias , Häring Hans-Ulrich , Roden Michael
Published: July 2017

Die nicht alkoholische Fettleber gilt in Europa und den USA als die häufigste Ursache für chronische Lebererkrankungen. Experten gehen davon aus, dass in Europa bis zu 30 % der Bevölkerung davon betroffen sind. Zu viel Fett in der Leber führt dabei nicht nur zu einer chronischen Erkankung der Leber, es hat auch einen negativen Einfluss auf den Zuckerstoffwechsel und führt beispielsweise zur Entwicklung eines Typ-2-Diabetes. Aus diesem Grund rücken neue Möglichkeiten zur Therapie der Fettleber immer mehr in den Fokus. Dabei werden sowohl Ernährungsumstellungen als auch medikamentöse Ansätze berücksichtigt. Um den Zusammenhang zwischen Leber und Typ-2-Diabetes noch zielgerichteter zu untersuchen, baut das Deutsche Zentrum für Diabetesforschung einen Forschungsschwerpunkt zum Thema Fettleber auf.
Genetic Alterations in Pendrin (SLC26A4) Gene in Adult Hypothyroid Patients
Authors: Mukherjee Sourav , Guha Manalee , Adhikary Bidisha , Bankura Biswabandhu , Mitra Pubali , Chowdhury Subhankar , Das Madhusudan
Published: July 2017

Current study was aimed to screen the SLC26A4 gene in 127 nonautoimmune and noncongenital hypothyroid patients, who were under optimal iodine nutrition and devoid of any characteristics of Pendred syndrome from eastern part of Indian population. 8 single nucleotide variants/mutations were identified in heterozygous state in 20% patient population, which include 1 novel nonsynonymous (p.C18S), 1 novel intronic (g.942C>A), 3 known nonsynonymous (p.S23X, p.V239D, and p.I455F), and 3 known intronic (g.23034G>T, g.29641C>G, and g.33893T>C) variants. Only g.23034G>T was noted also in homozygous state in 2% patient population. However, Controls exhibited only the variations g.23034G>T and p.I455F. Therefore, present study reports for the first time that the observed novel variants in pendrin gene might be linked with autoimmune negative hypothyroidism, without any characteristics of Pendred syndrome and/or congenital hypothyroidism. While, all observed known variants/mutations were reported with either Pendred syndrome and/or congenital hypothyroidism earlier, but never with nonautoimmune adult hypothyroidism solely. Thereby, the absence of any features of Pendred syndrome and/or congenital hypothyroidism in patients with observed known nonsynonymous variants/mutations may be due to either heterozygous state of each variant or differential domain specific activity of ions trafficking in the respective organ. The analysis of amino acid change at least for p.C18S, p.S23X, and p.V239D in correlation with phenotypic characteristics of respective patients might assume a possible effect on protein structure and function. Altogether, we report for the first time that genetical variations in SLC26A4 gene could play an important role in development of nonautoimmune adult hypothyroidism.
Natriuretisches Propeptid als früher Marker für das Risiko einer bronchopulmonalen Dysplasie bei sehr unreifen Frühgeborenen?
Authors: Gortner Ludwig
Published: July 2017

In der vorliegenden Auflage der Klinischen Pädiatrie legt die spanische neonatologische Gruppe aus Zaragossa Daten von insgesamt 117 sehr unreifen Frühgeborenen vor, welche ein erhöhtes Risiko für die Variablen Tod oder Überleben mit bronchopulmonaler Dysplasie (BPD) belegen, wenn ein erhöhter Wert des n-terminalen natriuretischen Propeptids vom Gehirntyp (NT-proBNP) gemessen wurde 8. Die Odds ratio lag bei dem seitens der spanischen Gruppe gewählten Grenzwert bei rund 4. Diese sorgfältige retrospektive Untersuchung war methodisch mit der Bestimmung des venösen NT-proBNP entnommen zwischen der 48.− 72. Lebensstunde parallel zu einer klinischen Untersuchung ergänzt durch eine Echokardiografie konzipiert.
19. Weltkongress für Psychoonkologie vom 14.-18. August 2017 in Berlin
Authors: Mehnert Anja , Lordick Florian
Published: July 2017

Liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen,

wir freuen uns sehr, Sie im Namen der International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) und dem Leipziger Kongressteam zum 19. Weltkongress für Psychoonkologie einzuladen, der vom 14.–18. August 2017 in Berlin stattfindet (www.ipos2017.com).
Preise des DN e. V
Authors: Großmann Anne , Schrooten Charlotte
Published: July 2017

Der Verband Deutsche Nierenzentren (DN) e. V. hat 2 Preise ausgeschrieben – den Bernd Tersteegen-Preis 2017 und den Georg Haas-Preis 2017. Interessenten können sich bis zum 17.07.2017 unter den unten angegeben Kontaktdaten hierfür bewerben.
Niemand ist nur krank
Authors: Sonnenschmidt Rosina
Published: July 2017

Seit vielen Jahren begleitet Rosina Sonnenschmidt Patienten mit Krebs. Aus all den Erfahrungen, die sie dabei gewonnen hat, hat sie ein Behandlungskonzept abgeleitet. Neben der Miasmatik stellt sie dabei den Patienten mit seiner Individualität in den Mittelpunkt und aktiviert seine Potenziale. Sie fordert zudem Eigeninitiative von ihm, denn das eigene Tun und die Eigenverantwortung braucht es, um in den Heilungsprozess zu gelangen.
Erythropoietin for Cognitive Deficits Associated with Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depression: A Systematic Review
Authors: Li Xian-Bin , Zheng Wei , Ning Yu-Ping , Cai Dong-Bin , Yang Xin-Hu , Ungvari Gabor , Ng Chee , Wang Chuan-Yue , Xiang Yu-Tao
Published: July 2017

Introduction The purpose of this study is to systematically review the efficacy and safety of adjunctive erythropoietin (EPO) in treating cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods Two evaluators independently and systematically searched and selected studies, extracted data, and conducted quality assessment.

Results Four RCTs with 144 patients (71 in the EPO group and 73 in the placebo group) met the study entry criteria. Adjunctive EPO could improve schizophrenia-related cognitive performance. In patients with bipolar disorder, EPO could also enhance sustained attention, recognition of happy faces, and speed of complex information processing across learning, attention, and executive function when compared with placebo. In addition, EPO could enhance verbal recall, recognition, and memory in patients with major depression.

Discussion This preliminary study found that adjunctive EPO appears to be effective in treating cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression without major adverse effects observed. Further higher quality RCTs with larger samples are needed to confirm the findings.

Review registration: CRD42017058094
Body Composition is Different After Surgical or Pharmacological Remission of Cushing’s Syndrome: A Prospective DXA Study
Authors: Ceccato Filippo , Boccato Michela , Zilio Marialuisa , Barbot Mattia , Frigo Anna , Luisetto Giovanni , Boscaro Marco , Scaroni Carla , Camozzi Valentina
Published: July 2017

Patients with active Cushing’s syndrome (CS) exhibit an increase of the visceral adipose tissue, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events. Until now, it is not yet clear whether remission of CS leads to a normalization of body composition, or if different strategies to control hypercortisolism could result in a different clinical outcome concerning adipose tissue distribution. Therefore, we analyzed body composition changes using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in patients with CS in a prospective and controlled study. We considered 23 patients with CS, whose remission was achieved after surgery in 14 or gained with pharmacological treatment in 9 subjects. Clinical and DXA data (lean and fat mass in total body, trunk, and R1 box) were collected during active hypercortisolism and after sustained remission, defined as the normalization of both late night salivary and 24-h urinary cortisol levels, at least for 6 consecutive months. Healthy subjects, matched with CS for gender, age, and BMI, were considered as controls (n=25). After remission of hypercortisolism, body compositions of patients were similar to matched controls; fat mass in total body (−7.53%), trunk (−3.24%), and R1- box (−12.82%, all p<0.01) were decreased from baseline levels. Dividing patients by type of treatment, fat mass reduction was higher in those that achieved surgical remission of CS (total body −17.26%, trunk −22.73%, and R1 box −21.21%, all p<0.05). Surgical remission of hypercortisolism is characterized by improvement of body composition, particularly fat reduction, easily detectable with DXA during routine clinical practice.
Ferromagnetism in vanadium-doped Bi2Se3 topological insulator films
Authors: Zhang Liguo , Zhao Dapeng , Zang Yunyi , Yuan Yonghao , Jiang Gaoyuan , Liao Menghan , Zhang Ding , He Ke , Ma Xucun , Xue Qikun
Published: July 2017

With molecular beam epitaxy, we grew uniformly vanadium-doped Bi2Se3 films which exhibit ferromagnetism with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. A systematic study on the magneto-transport properties of the films revealed the crucial role of topological surface states in ferromagnetic coupling. The enhanced ferromagnetism with reduced carrier density can support quantum anomalous Hall phase in the films, though the anomalous Hall resistance is far from quantization due to high carrier density. The topological surface states of films exhibit a gap of ∼180 meV which is unlikely to be magnetically induced but may significantly influence the quantum anomalous Hall effect in the system.
Hybrid fluorescent layer emitting polarized light
Authors: Mohammadimasoudi Mohammad , Beeckman Jeroen , Hens Zeger , Neyts Kristiaan
Published: July 2017

Semiconductor nanorods have anisotropic absorption and emission properties. In this work a hybrid luminescent layer is produced based on a mixture of CdSe/CdS nanorods dispersed in a liquid crystal that is aligned by an electric field and polymerized by UV illumination. The film emits light with polarization ratio 0.6 (polarization contrast 4:1). Clusters of nanorods in liquid crystal can be avoided by applying an AC electric field with sufficient amplitude. This method can be made compatible with large-scale processing on flexible transparent substrates. Thin polarized light emitters can be used in LCD backlights or solar concentrators to increase the efficiency.
Electric field induced critical points and field gradient by trapped electrons in Li-doped KTa1-xNbxO3 single crystals
Authors: Rahaman M. M. , Imai T. , Sakamoto T. , Kojima S.
Published: July 2017

The effects of electric field and trapped electrons on a ferroelectric phase transition of the 5%Li-doped KTa0.74Nb0.26O3 crystals were investigated by micro-Brillouin scattering and dielectric measurements. In micro-Brillouin scattering, the remarkable changes of the central peak (CP) intensity were observed at the paraelectric cubic to ferroelectric tetragonal phase transition. The critical electric fields to induce the paraelectric to ferroelectric phase transition were found to shift to higher values with increasing temperature. From these CP results, we estimated lines of critical points for phase transitions including critical end point (CEP), (E, T) = (1.6 kV/cm, TC-T+3.4 °C) in the composition-temperature-electric field (x-T-E) phase diagram. The clear difference of the CEP was observed between Brillouin result at a fixed small area and dielectric result averaged over all area of a sample. It can be caused by the field gradient, which is induced by the trapped electrons. The existence of gradient of electric field was also discussed using the observed result of position dependence of the CP intensity.
Effect of traps and defects on high temperature performance of Ge channel junctionless nanowire transistors
Authors: Sun Chuanchuan , Liang Renrong , Xiao Lei , Liu Libin , Xu Jun , Wang Jing
Published: July 2017

We investigate the effect of traps and defects on high temperature performance of p-type germanium-on-insulator (GOI) based junctionless nanowire transistors (JNTs) at temperatures ranging from 300 to 450 K. Temperature dependence of the main electrical parameters, such as drive current (Ion), leakage current (Ioff), threshold voltage (Vt), transconductance (Gm) and subthreshold slope (SS) are extracted and compared with the reported results of conventional inversion mode (IM) MOSFETs and Si based JNTs. The results show that the high interface trap density (Dit) and defects can degrade high temperature reliability of GOI based JNTs significantly, in terms of Ioff, Vt variation, Gm-max and SS values. The Ioff is much more dependent on temperature than Ion and mainly affected by trap-assisted-tunneling (TAT) current. The Vt variation with temperature is larger than that for IM MOSFETs and SOI based JNTs, which can be mostly attributed to the high Dit. The high Dit can also induce high SS values. The maximum Gm has a weak dependence on temperature and is significantly influenced by neutral defects scattering. Limiting the Dit and neutral defect densities is critical for the reliability of GOI based JNTs working at high temperatures.
Effect of the inclusion of natural additives on animal performance and meat quality of crossbred bulls (Angus × Nellore) finished in feedlot
Authors: Fugita Carlos Alberto , do Prado Rodolpho Martin , Valero Maribel Velandia , Bonafé Elton G. , Carvalho Camila Barbosa , Guerrero Ana , Sañudo Carlos , do Prado Ivanor Nunes
Published: July 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence a finishing diet containing natural additives fed for 94 days on animal performance, carcass, and meat quality characteristics of crossbred bulls (1/2 Angus × 1/2 Nellore). Forty-eight bulls (initial BW 318 ± 4.7 kg and initial age 22 months) were used in a completely randomised design. Bulls were fed one of four diets: (1) CON – Control; (2) CCO – addition of 4 g/animal.day of a mix of essential oils from castor bean and cashew; (3) MIX – addition of 4 g/animal.day of a mix of essential oils (oregano oils, castor bean, cashew); (4) YST – addition of 4 g/animal.day of yeast. Bulls were finished in feedlot (in individual pens) and slaughtered at an average weight of 469 ± 6.7 kg. Final BW, hot carcass weight and average daily gain were greater (P < 0.05) in MIX diet than in the three other diets. However, DM intake, G : F, fat thickness, longissimus muscle area, marbling, and meat colour were similar (P > 0.05) among the four diets. The carcass conformation score was higher (P < 0.05) for bulls that were fed with the YST diet and similar for the three other diets. Meat from CCO had a reduced (P < 0.05) cooking loss when compared with CON diet. Shear force from MIX diet had lesser values (P < 0.05) than meat from YST diet, and it was similar among CON and CCO diets. There was no diet effect (P > 0.05) on lipid oxidation, moisture, ash, and total lipids contents. C14:0, C14:1 n-9, C16:0, C18:1 n-9, C18:1 n-7 and C18:3 n-6 fatty acids in intramuscular fat from the longissimus muscle were affected by the inclusion of additives in the diets. SFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-3 and n-6 fatty acid percentages, and the ratios PUFA : SFA and n-6 : n-3 were similar (P > 0.05) among diets. In conclusion, adding a mix of oregano, castor bean, and cashew oils in the diet improved the performance of the bulls, but meat characteristics did not significantly change.
The remaining koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) of the Pilliga forests, north-west New South Wales: refugial persistence or a population on the road to extinction?
Authors: Lunney Daniel , Predavec Martin , Sonawane Indrie , Kavanagh Rodney , Barrott-Brown George , Phillips Stephen , Callaghan John , Mitchell Dave , Parnaby Harry , Paull David C. , Shannon Ian , Ellis Murray , Price Owen , Milledge David
Published: July 2017

In the 1990s, the Pilliga forests were carrying the largest population of koalas west of the Great Dividing Range in New South Wales (NSW). Whereas the NSW koala population in its entirety was thought to be in decline, the Pilliga population stood out as potentially increasing. By 2007, anecdotal evidence suggested that the population was in decline. We undertook surveys of koalas in the Pilliga forests that repeated surveys undertaken between 1991 and 2011. We found that koalas had declined and were found in only 21% of sites in which they were observed in the initial surveys – by any measure, a 5-fold drop in occupancy in less than two decades is severe. Declines occurred evenly across the Pilliga, with persistence at a site seemingly related to a high initial density of koalas rather than to a slower rate of decline. Sites where koalas persisted were characterised as having higher temperatures and lower rainfall relative to other sites, being close to drainage lines with deeper soils and having a lower occurrence of fire. This pattern fits with the observation in the recent surveys that koalas were next to drainage lines in the western half of the Pilliga and fits with the suggestion that koalas show refugial persistence. Recovery from this point is not assured and will depend on how we manage the landscape, particularly with the threat of climate change. This will likely require active management within an adaptive management framework, such as restoration of refuges, and not simply habitat reservation.