bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unrooting the Potential of Intranasal Administration of Curcumin as a Novel Asthma Controller by Alleviating Airway Inflammation
Authors: Naufal Muhammad Afif , Triastari Stella Kristi , Shalihah Rifda Hanun
Published: September 2021

Asthma is a chronic disease where air passage of the lung is inflamed and swollen. It is among major non-communicable diseases (NCDs) with more than 339 million sufferers and affects patients’ quality of life. Some drugs are currently used to control asthma symptoms, but it has its own economic burden. The aim of this literature review is to assess the potential use of curcumin to control asthma, as curcumin is cheaper and widely available in Indonesia. A total of eight literature was acquired after searching through Pubmed, Clinical Key, Scopus, Science Direct, Proquest, and Wiley Online databases with keywords including “intranasal”, “curcumin”, “asthma”, “inflammation”, and “airway”. Since inflammation is the most featured phenomenon in asthmatics that may lead to airway obstruction, it is important to lessen airway inflammation and thus control asthma. This mechanism can be seen in administration of curcumin, which although having a wide array of interaction with pathways, showcased to have anti-inflammatory effect which is beneficial in asthma. The anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin also negates other pathologic events relevant in asthma and appears to be preventive if administered before exacerbation. Intranasal administration displayed to be the most efficacious in asthma model, bested the efficacy of standard drugs. Lastly, no toxicity was observed by included studies.
Role of Employee Behaviour and Job Stress on Work-Life Balance: A Case of HEIs of Pakistan
Authors: Shaikh Sofia Bano , Wajidi Abuzar
Published: September 2021

The study aims to identify how workplace stress and employee behaviour impair the work-life balance of faculty members of Higher Education Institutes in Karachi, Pakistan. This study has included a quantitative survey research design. The study collected 386 sample responses from faculty members using the purposive sampling technique. The PLS-SEM analysis was used for data analysis through SmartPLS version 3.2.9. The results have shown that employee behaviour has a positive and significant effect on ER, IR, and WLB; workplace stress has a positive and significant effect on anxiety; workplace stress has a positive and significant effect on time stress, and workplace stress has a negative and significant effect on work-life balance. Furthermore, the study recommends using person-centered stress management techniques for possible work-life stress and employee well-being. Offering relaxation/care exercise classes, enabling wellness, and supplying facilities, such as gymnasiums, encouraging safe living, healthy eating options, and providing guidance are just a few examples. This study is significant for employee’s well-being because the findings will allow them to understand and negotiate their roles throughout the family and work-life. By understanding the importance of WLB, employees would be able to introspect themselves to cope with their job and relationship management. Similarly, management can identify career stages and help employees with the development tasks they experience at each stage. Lastly, the study implications accentuate that by formulating appropriate strategies, management can help employees and retain them as essential organizational assets.
Abusive Supervision and its influence on Employee Silence and Organizational Productivity: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Phulpoto Kamran , Phulpoto Nazar Hussain , Brohi Manzoor Ali , Memon Saifullah
Published: September 2021

It is the need of every organization to maximize its profits by working with efficient and effective organizational tools and to make the best use of organizational resources. For a business to gain profit it is essential for managers and decision-makers to keep the pace of generating profits always at a certain mark. This study aims to identify potential managerial problems for businesses operating in Pakistan, specifically related to employee-supervisor relationships. The study is a novel attempt in this field as it intends to uncover the employee silence aspects in the event of abusive supervision and finds its impact on overall organizational performance. The research was carried out with a sample of 110 responses collected from public and private organizations in Pakistan. This research has identified that with the increase in abusive leadership, there will be a decrease in organizational productivity and employees’ silence will also significantly increase. Meanwhile, employee silence has a comparatively larger effect i.e., 12% on the productivity of an organization, than the direct effect of abusive supervision on productivity. The study findings accentuate that the organizational leadership team should work on maintaining fair treatment of every employee and decrease the extent of abusive supervising behaviour at work in order to maximize profits and let employees use their potential creativity to give the best output that organizations really expect them to provide.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Abrasion Susceptibility Effect on Land Cover in the Coastal Area of Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Pratama D.N.D.
Published: September 2021

Shoreline dynamics naturally occur in coastal areas, and over time, are also influenced by anthropogenic processes taking place both on-site and upstream. Bordering the Indian Ocean, the coastal area of Bantul Regency in the Special Region of Yogyakarta is faced with typical strong and high waves that induce changes in its shoreline dynamics and activities. Consequently, tourism, a leading economic sector in the area, often needs to adjust to such changes. Here, shorelines were extracted from the spatial data of time-series Sentinel 2A imagery (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020) using water index transformation, MNDWI, while the land cover changes were analyzed using the Decision Tree classification. Based on the results, accretion appeared most significant from 2016 to 2017, creating an additional 22.32 ha. In contrast, shoreline change from 2019 until 2020 indicated the most severe abrasion that led to a loss of 34.89 ha. The highest rate of landward shoreline change was 41.58 m/year.
Very Simple Mathematical Model of MMT (Modern Monetary Theory)
Authors: Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper is to provide a concise theoretical and mathematical foundation for the major parts of the debate in the recently discussed school of economics called Modern Monetary Theory (MMT), while maintaining the basics of the neoclassical microeconomic framework, such as utility maximization of consumers using budget constraints and utility functions, and equilibrium of demand and supply of goods under perfect competition with constant returns to scale technology. By a two-periods overlapping generations (OLG) model in which the economy grows by technological progress, we will show that: 1) We need a budget deficit to achieve full employment with constant price when the economy grows by technological progress. This budget deficit should not be offset by future surplus; 2) A budget deficit that exceeds the level necessary to maintain full employment in a growing economy with constant price will cause inflation. A stable budget deficit is required to prevent further inflation; 3) A budget deficit that is insufficient to maintain full employment will cause a recession with involuntary unemployment. A budget deficit larger than the one necessary and sufficient to maintain full employment without a recession can overcome a recession caused by insufficient budget deficit and restore full employment. The deficit created to overcome the recession should not be offset by subsequent surpluses, since full employment can then be maintained through constant budget deficits.
A Systematic Review of Research Exploring Stakeholder Views on the Kindergarten-school Transition
Authors: Fleisz-Gyurcsik Anita
Published: September 2021

A smooth kindergarten-school transition is till problematic, even thoughit has been receiving attention from researchers as well as education professionals (e.g. Heckman, 2011). It is clear to everyone that children, kindergarten teachers, primary school teachers, and parents are all greatly affected by the kindergarten-school transition (e.g. Correia & Marques-Pinto, 2016). Therefore, the goal of my study is the systematic review of research exploring the kindergarten-school transition related views and opinions of the stakeholders. A search was conducted for English language studies that were published in peer reviewed journals between 1 January 2016 and 1 September 2020, in the ERIC, Scopus and the Web of Science databases. The expressions „kindergarten school transition”; „transition into primary school”; „transition to school”; „starting school”; „beliefs concerning school transition” were used as search terms. A total of 646 publications were identified, of which 21 complied with the inclusion criteria. Those papers were included that present such empirical work that explore the views and opinions of stakeholdersregardingthe kindergarten-school transition of normally developing children. The present review considers six aspects: (1) the country where data were collected; (2) the phase of transition when data were collected; (3) the issue of transition studied; (4) participants; (5) data collection methods; (6) main results. The review showed that numerous questions regardingthe kindergarten-school transition are researched worldwide. My study can serve a basis for understanding the problems of starting school in different countries, as well as to formulate further research questions, and to design further research.
“He visto al Señor” (Jn 20,18a).
Authors: Picó Guzmán Carmen
Published: September 2021

Las palabras «He visto al Señor» de María Magdalena en el relato de aparición del Cuarto Evangelio parecen condensar la experiencia personal y la autorización de María Magdalena como enviada por el Resucitado para anunciar el acontecimiento pascual. En este trabajo de investigación nos acercamos al contexto literario y semántico del texto del Cuarto Evangelio para entender el significado de esta expresión, el motivo de su uso, y las tradiciones que la soportan como testimonio del discipulado de María Magdalena. Además, desde la historia de las tradiciones, buscaremos aquellas tradiciones que apoyan el relato y lo dotan de credibilidad para las comunidades que lo escuchaban. Después comprobaremos qué repercusión tuvo este testimonio en la historia temprana de la Iglesia desde los textos cristianos de los primeros siglos que recogen este testimonio.
La fraternidad agustiniana tras el Vaticano II: acentos y desafíos
Authors: Lozano Roldán Víctor
Published: September 2021

A partir de la situación de crisis que atraviesa hoy la VR, el autor destaca el valor de la fraternidad, un elemento característico de la vida consagrada en general y del carisma agustiniano en particular, como una clave fundamental para la revitalización de la vida y misión de las comunidades religiosas.
Jacques Maritain Favré
Authors: Somavilla Rodríguez Enrique
Published: September 2021

Los pensadores siempre han tenido una influencia muy importante a la hora de plasmar y llevar adelante sus reflexiones sobre la existencia y la contingencia. Jacques Maritain es uno de los filósofos más cercanos a la fe cristiana del siglo XX. Su vida, trayectoria e ideas han influenciado en diversos pontificados, especialmente de Giovanni Battista Montini (Pablo VI). Influyó en la Doctrina social de la Iglesia y en el proyecto político de la Democracia Cristiana.
La alegría de ser cristianos comprometidos
Authors: Montes Peral Luis Ángel
Published: September 2021

La preciosa carta Primera Tesalonicenses constituye el primer escrito cristiano del que tenemos noticia cierta. Con muy buenas razones podemos denominarla como la «carta de la alegría propia del ser cristiano comprometido». En verdad constituye todo un canto de gozo a la actuación de Dios manifestada de muy diversas formas en una de las más primitivas comunidades en territorio europeo. Esto nos lleva a una reflexión muy pertinente: Desde sus inicios el cristianismo ha estado unido esencialmente a la alegría y al compromiso creyente. Tiene toda la razón el Papa Francisco, cuando comienza su Exhortación Apostólica con estas atinadas palabras: «La alegría del Evangelio llena el corazón y la vida entera de los que se encuentran con Cristo». Sí, llenó el corazón y la vida de Pablo y de los tesalonicenses y hoy puede llenar también nuestro corazón y nuestra propia vida, tan necesitada de entusiasmo interior y de testimonio convincente ante el mundo.
El quiasmo en el Praeceptum de san Agustín (III)
Authors: Luis Vizcaíno Pío de
Published: September 2021

En el presente artículo el autor estudia los quiasmos detectados en los capítulos quinto, sexto y séptimo del Praeceptum agustiniano.
La filosofía como terapéutica vital humana
Authors: Natal Álvarez Domingo
Published: September 2021

“Esta convicción de que sabiduría y vida son indisociables hacía de la filosofía el saber terapéutico por excelencia. El término ‘terapia’ alude aquí a su función liberadora y sanadora: era ‘remedio’ para las dolencias del alma”. Como dice Cicerón: La filosofía es “medicina del alma” (Tusculanas III, 3,6).
Religion in the public sphere: The Quebec charter of values, a critical reflection
Authors: Pandimakil Peter G.
Published: September 2021

Contemporary challenges on religious belief and practice occur often within democratic polities; they do appear as advocates for equality before law, state neutrality and for freedom of conscience. Such claims perceived as demands for equal justice mark the public sphere of the West thanks especially to an expanding consciousness of individual rights and increasing religious cultural diversity, a phenomenon due also to immigration. These are obvious signs of the Western society becoming more and more pluralistic, but in a way distinct from such traditional polities elsewhere. Whatever the advantages of a pluralist society, it is also seen as a potential threat to entrenched values. How would then a democratic regime deal with multiculturalism and religious freedom, guaranteeing social coherence and security, becomes a crucial contemporary issue. Employing the Quebec Charter of Values as a case in point, this essay highlights the importance of re-defining the public sphere. It has to be a discursive sphere which would only materialize when rationality and emotions play an equal role, in shaping the social body, especially through narratives. And religions do seem to have an important role to play here, not only in shaping a strong, open self-identity, but also in recognizing the common, human vulnerability.
DE AGONE CHRISTIANO. A project of Christian life in contrast with Manichaeism, IIº
Authors: Palliparambil Joseph Alexander
Published: September 2021

This study brings to light a facet of De agone christiano (St Augustine, 396), which was hardly treated in the previous studies: its anti-Manichean feature. The recent Manichean studies permit to understand better the combat element present in their cosmology and ethics; this, on the other hand, helps us to understand how Augustine makes capital of it to contradict the Manichean combat in order to offer an alternative Christian combat of life based on the Gospel essence of Charity, applicable to the Christian life even today.
La cuestión del culto a Jesús y el reconocimiento de su estatus divino en los orígenes del cristianismo
Authors: Aráuz Glen J.
Published: September 2021

¿Por qué razón los seguidores de aquel galileo, Jesús, quisieron hablar de él con términos que se aplicaban a Dios? ¿Le dieron culto verdaderamente como a Dios? ¿Qué les condujo a ello? En definitiva, ¿cómo se llega a las grandes confesiones cristológicas? Numerosos son los estudios que en la tentativa de barruntar una respuesta han esgrimido las más variadas hipótesis a partir de un atento y sesudo análisis de las fuentes disponibles. Como una muestra reseñamos aquí los planteamientos de tres reconocidos especialistas en la palestra del cultivado campo de los estudios neotestamentarios. Ellos son, español Santiago Guijarro Oporto, «Las “Confesiones de fe” en el Nuevo Testamento»; L. Hurtado, profesor emérito de Nuevo Testamento en la Universidad de Edimburgo (Escocia), con dos de sus obras, Los primitivos papiros cristianos. El estudio de los primeros testimonios materiales del movimiento de Jesús (2010), ¿Cómo llegó Jesús a ser Dios? Cuestiones históricas sobre la primitiva devoción a Jesús (2013); y James D. G. Dunn, profesor emérito del Departamento de Teología de la Universidad de Durham (Inglaterra), ¿Dieron culto a Jesús los primeros cristianos? Los testimonios del Nuevo Testamento (2011).
Modernidad y Posmodernidad
Authors: Natal Álvarez Domingo
Published: September 2021

Al explorar las Fuentes del yo, Ch. Taylor se encuentra con que s. Agustín ha sido el creador de la interioridad, del sentido de la libertad a partir del fondo insobornable de la vida humana, y de la idea de la sociedad humana en solidaridad frente al mal pues “la vida de los santos es social” como dice el Santo en La Ciudad de Dios. Así, puede asegurarnos que la deuda de Kant con san Agustín es tan grande como la de Rousseau. Lo mismo podría decirse de Descartes y de los creadores de los derechos de la persona humana como Locke y otros constructores de la “identidad moderna” como el romanticismo, Goethe, y el modernismo que intentaron superar a san Agustín más allá de la religión.
El Catecismo "Testigos del Señor"
Authors: Resines Llorente Luis
Published: September 2021

Con cierto retraso respecto de su publicación, pues el catecismo va por su tercera edición, este artículo hace una lectura profunda, para detectar sus puntos débiles al presentar la fe al pueblo de Dios. En asunto tan serio, los obispos españoles deberían ser más cuidadosos, más exquisitos al redactar, más preocupados al seleccionar colaboradores y más exigentes al aprobarlo. Si se tratara de un par de fallos, alguna inexactitud, o un error insignificante, no habría materia para un artículo. Por desgracia no es así, y han ofrecido al pueblo de Dios un catecismo claramente mejorable.
TRACING THE ROOTS OF CONSTRUCTION CONFLICTS: EXPLAINING PROBLEMS, PREFERENCES, AND PROCESS
Authors: Alshehri Abdullah Mohammed
Published: September 2021

The construction industry is continuously struggling to resolve the conflicts equitably and economically. Therefore, the present study aims to trace the roots of construction conflicts by explaining problems, preferences, and processes associated with the

construction industry. Quantitative research design has been employed and 116 owners, constructors, consultants, and stakeholders were recruited because of their direct involvement in the construction industry. A questionnaire was distributed

among the respondents to trace the problems, preferences, and processes associated with conflicts the construction industry. The results showed that that lack of communication and coordination, contract provisions, ambiguities, bid rigging, contracting classification system, unforeseen ground conditions, and discrepancies were major reasons of conflict. The study has concluded that productivity of construction industry is significantly influenced through the implementation of

realistic schedule and plan for the construction project.
Program Dharma Penanggulangan Rabies Berbasis Masyarakat dengan Pendekatan One Health
Authors: Subrata I Made , Utami Ni Wayan Arya , Agustina Kadek Karang , Purnama Sang Gede , Agustina Kadek Karang , Swacita Ida Bagus Ngurah , Girardi Janice , Pradnyani Putu Erma , Velynawati Putu , Swarayana I Made Indrayadnya , Frank Corlevin , Irawan Hendra , Januraga Pande Putu , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman
Published: September 2021

Program Dharma merupakan model pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dapat diaplikasikan pada semua desa di Bali. Pilot project telah dilakukan di dua desa dan satu kelurahan wilayah pariwisata Sanur sejak tahun 2016 sampai saat ini. Pada tahun 2019, Program Dharma diperluas ke wilayah Desa Jagapati dan Sibang Kaja, Kabupaten Badung serta Desa Purwakerthi dan Desa Bunutan Kabupaten Karangasem. Kelemahan dan kekurangan dalam pilot project tersebut kemudian disempurnakan sebelum diterapkan pada desa lain di Bali. Program yang telah kami lakukan di desa Pilot Project kami tuang dalam buku panduan Program Dharma ini.
Os desafios na gestão de resíduos e na promoção da sustentabilidade e participação popular em Santo André-SP
Authors: Mizutani Meriellen , Maróstica Juliana Rodrigues
Published: September 2021

As cidades têm o desafio de gerenciar adequadamente seus resíduos sólidos, limitando os impactos no ambiente e na saúde da população, bem como na contribuição para a redução nas mudanças climáticas e aumento da poluição. Considerando a limitação quanto à destinação final correta dos resíduos, é relevante minorar as quantidades produzidas por meio de ações de redução, reutilização e reciclagem. Neste contexto, destaca-se neste artigo o Projeto Moeda Verde implantado no município de Santo André – São Paulo, que tem por objetivo mitigar o descarte incorreto dos resíduos domésticos através da participação popular e da troca por hortifrútis frescos, visando avançar rumo a um desenvolvimento mais sustentável, justo e saudável ao cidadão e a cidade. Os resultados demonstraram que é possível de forma simplificada e com baixo custo financeiro a instalação de um projeto de coleta seletiva com a participação da população.
INFLUENCE OF THE ENVIRONMENT TO MAGGIE'S BEHAVIOR IN CRANE'S "MAGGIE: A GIRL OF THE STREET"
Authors: Y. Sigar Prawidya , Rorintulus Olga , S. lolowang Imelda
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this research Is to reveal the infiuence of the environment to Maggie's behavior In Crane's “Maggie: A Giri of the Streets”. In conducting this research, the writer uses qualitative research In which the data are in the form of words rather than numbers. In analyzing data, the writer uses objective and psychological approach. The data collected in this research from two sources, primary and secondary sources. Primary source is Crane's “Maggie: A Girl of the Streets” and secondary source are the other books and data from internet that related to this research. The result of the research shows that Maggie has a miserable life that caused by her bad environment. It caused by her family condition, her Job, her neighborhood, her love relationship with Pete, and all the problems that she has to face in everyday of her life. She has to survive by anything ways in order to get a better life. But the conditions make her depressed. At the end of the story, Maggie chooses a wrong decision. She kilis her self.
TEACHING RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH QUANTUM TEACHING STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDEBTS' WRITING SKILL
Authors: Ubro Pinkan , Wowor Deane J , Samola Nurmin
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study is to find out whether or not Quantum Teaching Strategy are effective to help students enhance their writing skills. This study was carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Manganitu. The research used quantitative research. Hopefully, this research can be useful to provide information to teachers in teaching and learning activities so that teachers are more creative and know how to improve students' curiosity, to gain students’ interest in learning English in class. The population of this research was the students of SMA Negeri 1 Manganitu and class X that consisting of 20 students was taken as sample. This study used a pre-experimental, pre-test, and post-test design with only one group. The researcher gathered data by asking students to complete a written test firstly also known as pre-test the apllied Quantum Teaching Strategy, secondly delivered with written test also known as post-test. After these activities, the researcher analysed the data by comparing the mean score of pre-test and post-test. The result of post-test score was 64.2 compared to the total mean = 17.85 as the result of pre-test. This meant that Quantum Teaching Strategy was an effective way to improves student’s writing skill in recount text especially in personal recount text. It was recommended to teachers to use Quantum Teaching Strategy in order to maximize students’ capability in learning English.
INCREASING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY BY USING MIND MAPPING TECHNIQUE AT SMP N 2 BITUNG
Authors: Delatu Tara A. , Wowor Diane , Kamagi Sarah
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study was to find out whether using mind mapping technique can       increase students’ vocabulary or not. It was conducted at SMP N 2 Bitung. The subject in this study was Class VII-4, academic year 2017/2018, which consisted of 35 students. This research was a pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed statistically by comparing the mean score of the tests. The findings showed that the students' score in posttest were higher than the pre-test. The mean score of post-test (T2) was 82, and the mean score of the pre-test (T1) was 49. This indicated that the use of mind mapping technique increased students’ vocabulary.
THE INFLUENCE OF LADY MACBETH TO MACBETH DOWNFALL IN SHAKESPEARE'S MACBETH
Authors: Moonik Meidy Maekel , Mogea Tini , Sabudu Delli
Published: September 2021

This research intends to depict the influences of Lady Macbeth to Macbeth downfall, and the effect of Lady Macbeth influences to Macbeth. In doing this research, the writer uses objective approach. Objective approach is used because primary source of this research is literary work, the drama Macbeth. However, the analysis of drama Macbeth is based on the writer analysis and interpretation in accordance with the fact and evidences found in drama. By the analyzing the topic, it is found out that, the downfall of Macbeth not only caused by his own weakness but also bad influences of Lady Macbeth as a wife. The analysis shows that Lady Macbeth not only supports her husband to make the prophecy became true, but Lady Macbeth has controlled the mind set of Macbeth. Lady Macbeth influences her husband to did the crime in order the prophecy about Macbeth will be a king of Scotland became true. Finally, Lady Macbeth influences her husband to murder King Duncan. In the end, Macbeth cannot happy to all that He got, He fell guilt, unhappy and uncomfortable.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ MASTERY OF VOCABULARY THROUGH THE USE OF GLOSSING TECHNIQUE ( A Study conducted at SMP Anugrah Tondano )
Authors: Mamaghe Niveyla , Rombepajung Paula , Hampp Paula
Published: September 2021

The aim of the research is to improve the students’ vocabulary through the use of Glossing technique. The design of this research is quantitative research through pre-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design This study was conducted at SMP Anugrah  Tondano. The subject of the research was the second grade students in academic year of 2019/2020. The writer used reading text of Narrative text .The result of the data analysis showed that there was an increase between the pre-test and post-test. It can be seen from 10 students showed that the mean score of  pre-test was 53 and  post-test was 74 score. Based  on this finding from this study, it can be concluded that having more vocabulary significantly affects the comprehension of the students reading activity. Moreover by having many vocabulary the students can easily get the information and can enrich their knowledge by reading a lot of book. Finally, this research proved that theGlossing technique effective to improve student’s vocabulary in reading comprehension.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Paranduk Rida , Karisi Yofri
Published: September 2021

In the reviewed studies non-verbal communication used by teachers in teaching English. The purpose of this research is to study the type of Non-verbal communication by English teachers in teaching and to finding out how English teachers use non-verbal communication in teaching class, much further, whether to seek out the strength and weaknesses of the non-verbal communication, and to find out the effective way to use non-verbal communication efficiently and effectively.  This research used a Quantitative approach which the effortsis to collect all of the studies that shared the common field of the study.  The result of this study showed that the benefits,the advantages, the disadvantages and its effects. Moreover the non-verbal communicationgive some contributions in education which can be applied by teacher today.  Recommendation and suggestion are offered in the current study.  Hence,non-verbal communication is recommended to be used by teacher in this classroom.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TASK BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING IN TEACHING WRITING
Authors: Bambulu Dewi Oktaviani , Pelenkahu Noldy , Sanger Maikel
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to see the effectiveness of Task-Based Language Teaching in Teaching Writing. Writing is very important for students because they can express themselves in writing form and being brave to state their own opinions. Many English teacher got some problem in teaching writing, the teacher must choose a strategy which is suitable on the students conditions. Not only speaking ability that must be taught and applied in the class but also writing ability. The data of this research was students scores in writing procedure text. The population of this study were the first grade and the sample was 31 students of smp berea tondano in academic year 2017/2018. The research used one group pre-test and post-test experiment. The result showed that there was an increase between the pre-test (62,40) and tghe post-test (67,60). In this research, the research used quantitative experimental research as design of this research. Then, the research identified and analyzed based on statistic calculation for getting good result accuratelty, completely and systematically. A teacher should be creative to use various strategy in english teaching moreover teaching writing. In choosing the strategy, the teacher should pay attention to the material will be given.
SACRIFICE IN A STEPHANIE MEYER’S BREAKING DAWN (2008)
Authors: Tumoka Dewi Christiyani , Wuntu Ceisy N , Maru Mister G
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to reveal sacrifice in Meyer’s Breaking  down. In conducting the study, the writer delimited this study only in reveling sacrifice in Meyer’s Breaking down. Bella focuses on the main character.  The research employs a descriptive qualitative method. It means that all of the data is in the form of words and sentences rather than numbers, and it focuses on the process that produces the results. After analyze the novel the writer may conclude that the kinds of Bella’s sacrifice can be formulated into three categories they are: Willing to stop her study and get married in the very young age, Willing to pregnant event it will endanger her life and the third willing to give up her life for her baby. These three types of sacrifice clearly describe in the novel. Finally, the suggestions are 1) Sacrifice is the very important things in human life, 2) Every relationship needs sacrifice to the sake of others life, 3) Sacrifice is a good moral act that important to become a lesson for everyone.
OPTIMIZING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT THROUGH E-LEARNING METHOD WITH WHATSAPP APPLICATION AT STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 1 BUKO
Authors: Tangiduk Yustira Kharlina , Samola Nurmin , Rorimpandey Rinny
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine whether the E-learning method can be effective in optimizing students' reading comprehension of descriptive text with WhatsApp Application. This research was conducted in class X MIA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Buko in the academic year of 2020/2021. This study used one group-pretest-postest design of research with the data analysis were the frequency distribution of scores, mean and standard deviation. The questions from the pretest and posttest used the type of multiple choice questions with questions about the descriptive text. From this result, it was found that the mean of posttest Y = 7.8 with standard deviation Sy = 0.79 was higher than mean score at pretest X = 5.33 with standard deviation Sx = 0.89. It means that students' reading comprehension in descriptive text was higher after treatment at posttest than pretest. So the researcher concluded that the application of the E-learning method through WhatsApp application was effective in optimizing students' reading comprehension of descriptive text.
THE RELATIONSHIPS OF PSYCHOLINGUISTICS IN ACQUISITION AND LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: Lumentut Yuliana , Lengkoan Fergina
Published: September 2021

Through psychology we can learn about how students ' attitudes and behaviors in acquiring and learning languages while through linguistics we can learn about language concepts and structures. At the stage of language acquisition, there are four phases of language acquisition in the child (1) the level of the (starting from age 0 sampai1 years), (2) period of holophrase (starting at the age of 1 to 2 years), (3) The two-word greeting period (starting at 2 to 2 years 6 months) (4) The starting period of grammar (starting at 2 years 6 months – up to 3 years and above).  And the four advanced stages are; 1. Sensorimotor stage (birth up to age 2 – 3 years), (2) Pre-operational stage (3 to 6 or 7 years old) (3) concrete operational stage (aged 6/7 years to 11 or 12 years), (4) Formal operational stage (12 years old to adulthood). While language learning is done formally in formal settings, For example language learning in the classroom. It is not important to learn anywhere while not in the classroom as long as the process of learning is directed at the mastery of the rules of the language consciously by educators as well as learners, the process is called learning. During the formal and informal learning process, the psycholinguistic process works to acquire language knowledge through a study. So this interdisciplinary can lead educators to understand the process that happens in every student who is faced with when they are trying to understand and identify the material understanding in language learning presented in the classroom.
Determination of in situ detection efficiency for IM-NAA of non-standard geometrical samples
Authors: Nguyen Duy Quang , Trinh Van Cuong , Tran Tuan Anh , Ho Van Doanh , Nguyen Thi Tho , Ho Manh Dung
Published: September 2021

The k0-based internal mono-standard (IM) method was first proposed for the concentration analysis of samples of non-standard geometry in the 2000s. The method has demonstrated several advantages such as the elimination of gamma-ray self-attenuation and geometrical effects. On the other hand, the accuracy of the method principally depends on the in situ relative detection efficiency, which requires to be obtained in each measurement. Therefore, the relative detection efficiency is always under consideration for the improvement of the analysis results. The present paper describes a simple and automatic procedure for the determination of the relative efficiency using one or more activation products emitting gamma rays over a considered range of the spectrum. The procedure can be applied for INAA and PGNAA analysis.
Faba bean gall (Olipidium viciae Kusano) disease management using fungicides in North Shewa, Highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Belachew Bekele Tiruneh  , Sisay Argaye Bereda
Published: September 2021

Faba bean gall becomes the worst problem for the crop production. The diseases can cause up to complete crop failure. Studies showed that, applications of some fungicides and seed dressings have certain effects of reducing faba bean gall diseases and increases yield. Thus, the study aims to select best effective and economical fungicide for faba bean gall disease management. The experiment was conducted at farmers’ field on hot spot areas to manage the disease using fungicides in 2019/20 cropping season. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Nativo SC 300, Eminant star, Rex-Dou and Mancozeb 80 WP fungicides were applied as manufacturers’ recommendations. Significant difference between plots in plant height, disease severity, area under disease progress curve, grain yield and thousand kernel weights were recorded. The highest (46.67%) disease score were recorded in control plots followed by Rex-Dou (40.0%) sprayed plots. Whereas the lowest, disease severity (15.11%) were recorded from Eminant star sprayed plots. The highest grain yield was recorded in Eminant star (3.08 ton ha-1) sprayed plot followed by Nativo Sc 300 (3.01 ton ha-1) and Mancozeb 80 WP (2.54 ton ha-1) sprayed plots respectively. Eminant star sprayed plots also gave the highest economic benefit ETB (102770.0) and marginal rate of return (1678.46) followed by Nativo Sc 300 with net benefit of ETB (99190.0) and a marginal rate of return (925.40) were received. Pod per plant was not showed significant difference between plots.
Optimizing bio-ethanol production from cabbage and onion peels waste using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as fermenting agent
Authors: Temam Gemeda Genemo  , Desta Lamore Erebo  , Aschalew Kasu Gabre
Published: September 2021

Production of bio-ethanol from lingocellulosic materials is providing a long-term sustainable for fuel supply. Cabbage and onion peels waste is one of cheap source of lignocellosic materials to serve as feedstock for bio-ethanol production. With the objective of evaluating its potential for bio-ethanol production, different concentrations (50g, and 100g) of Cabbage and onion peels waste treated with 1% diluted sulfuric acid and untreated were subjected to batch fermentation for 12 days with 0.5% and 1% yeast inoculums. Percent of bio-ethanol production, cell density and reducing sugars were measured at an interval of 4 days starting from the beginning. Results of these study showed that ethanol production was observed starting from the 4th day of fermentation, but its amount peaked 26.51 from 100g substrate with 1% inoculum on the 8th day of fermentation, and declined on 12th days (21.06%) from the same substrate concentration. Pretreated substrate showed significantly higher ethanol production than untreated. In agreement with ethanol production, cell density and reduction in reducing sugar were observed in the same pattern. Compared ethanol production between untreated substrates yield of 20.96%, and treated substrates yielded of 26.51%. Overall, this study showed that acid pre-treatment, inoculum concentration, fermentation period and substrate concentration affect the amount of bio-ethanol production. Finally, it can be concluded that the production of bioethanol from Cabbage and onion peels waste is economically and environmentally viable. Extensive use of these Wastes for bioethanol production may have twofold advantages, viz. reduction of its negative impact on environmental hygiene and generation of bio-ethanol.
Hydro-geochemistry and health risks assessment of some groundwaters suitability for drinking within the urban region of Unguja Island, Zanzibar
Authors: Ochieng O Anthony  , Ali Salim Ali  , Hekimani Seif Hamad  , Mariam Khamis Hamad  , Khamis Abubakar Juma
Published: September 2021

Majority of the Island inhabitants depends on groundwaters for drinking therefore the hydrogeochemistry and health risks assessment with respect to WHO standards is absolutely essential for protection policy formulation. The groundwater samples for analyses were collected from selected four wells within each (Chukwani-Mbweni, DarajaMbovu - Amani and Mwanakwerekwe) suburb during the moderate rainy season of January2020.The selection was based on their strategic positions taking into consideration relevant geographical and environmental factors commensurable with this study. Various contaminants and physiochemical parameters were determined using Atomic Absorption spectroscopy, GC/MS, Temp/pH/TDS/EC meter and DR/3900 spectrophotometer. Chemical Oxygen Demand values were also determined. Microbial contamination was determined using the MPN technique. The results shows that these groundwaters are slightly alkaline, microbially contaminated, have high C.O.D. values ranging from 188.5 to 305.7 mg/L indicating the existence of some organic based endocrine disruptive elements, and disparities in water quality parameters with respect to the recommended WHO standards thus ascertaining possible public health risks. The research recommends the need for continuous monitoring, assessment and treatment of these raw groundwaters for drinking at the point of collection rather relying on the old conventional boiling method or drinkingas it is.
Characteristics of effective teacher education in low- and middle-income countries: What are they and what role can EdTech play?
Authors: Allier-Gagneur Zoe , McBurnie Chris , Chuang Rachel , Haßler Björn
Published: September 2021

This paper analyses a range of literature reviews to identify characteristics of effective teacher education, including focusing on practical subject pedagogy; incorporating peer support and; creating a coherent policy environment.
Pakistan Topic Brief: Providing Distance Learning to Hard-to-reach Children
Authors: Baloch Imdad , Kaye Tom , Koomar Saalim , McBurnie Chris
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in mass school closures across the world. It is expected that the closures in low- and -middle-income countries (LMICs) will have long-term negative consequences on education and also on broader development outcomes. Countries face a number of obstacles to effectively delivering alternative forms of education. Obstacles include limited experience in facing such challenges, limited teacher digital and pedagogical capacity, and infrastructure constraints related to power and connectivity. Furthermore, inequalities in learning outcomes are expected to widen within LMICs due to the challenges of implementing alternative modes of education in remote, rural or marginalised communities. It is expected that the most marginalised children will feel the most substantial negative impacts on their learning outcomes. Educational technology (EdTech) has been identified as a possible solution to address the acute impact of school closures through its potential to provide distance education. In this light, the DFID Pakistan team requested the EdTech Hub develop a topic brief exploring the use of EdTech to support distance learning in Pakistan. Specifically, the team requested the brief explore ways to provide distance education to children in remote rural areas and urban slums. The DFID team also requested that the EdTech Hub explore the different needs of those who have previously been to school in comparison to those who have never enrolled, with reference to EdTech solutions. In order to address these questions, this brief begins with an overview of the Pakistan education landscape. The second section of the brief explores how four modes of alternative education — TV, interactive radio instruction, mobile phones and online learning — can be used to provide alternative education to marginalised groups in Pakistan. Multimodal distance-learning approaches offer the best means of providing education to heterogeneous, hard-to-reach groups. Identifying various tools that can be deployed to meet the needs of specific population segments is an important part of developing a robust distance-learning approach. With this in mind, this section highlights examples of tools that could be used in Pakistan to support a multimodal approach that reaches the most hard-to-reach learners. The third and final section synthesises the article’s findings, presenting recommendations to inform Pakistan’s COVID-19 education response.

 This topic brief is available on Google Docs.
Government of Sierra Leone Education Data Hub: A User Research Report
Authors: Freiermuth Sophie , Bedoui Claire , Middleton Emily , Taddese Abeba
Published: September 2021

Report on the Government of Sierra Leone Education Data Hub
Deploying an e-Learning Environment in Zanzibar: A Short Guide
Authors: Groeneveld Caspar , Kibga Elia , Kaye Tom
Published: September 2021

In April 2020, the MoEVT and the World Bank approached the EdTech Hub to explore the feasibility of implementing a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). The parties agreed on three deliverables to support this work.

1. A practical and actionable report analysing key factors to be considered in deploying an e-learning platform in Zanzibar.

2. A report documenting the process of sourcing appropriate digital content, aligning this content with the curriculum and populating the e-learning system accordingly.

3. An implementation plan to guide the deployment of an e-learning system in Zanzibar.

This presentation deck is the third deliverable.
EdTech in Ghana: A Rapid Scan
Authors: Taddese A.
Published: September 2021

EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. These factors include the policy or vision for EdTech, institutional capacity, private sector partnerships, and digital infrastructure. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive; however, we hope they will serve as a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries and, in this case, Ghana. This report is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert.
EdTech in Kenya: A Rapid Scan
Authors: Otieno J. , Taddese A.
Published: September 2021

EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. These factors include the policy or vision for EdTech, institutional capacity, private-sector partnerships, and the digital infrastructure. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive; however, we hope they will serve as a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries and, in this case, Kenya. This report was originally written in June 2020. It is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert.
EdTech in Pakistan: A Rapid Scan
Authors: Baloch Imdad , Taddese Abeba
Published: September 2021

EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. This includes policies, government leadership, private-sector partnerships, and digital infrastructure for education. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive; nonetheless, we hope they will serve as a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries and in this case, Pakistan. This report was originally written in June 2020. It is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert.
EdTech in Senegal: A Rapid Scan
Authors: Upadhyay Arjun , Taddese Abeba
Published: September 2021

EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. These factors include the policy or vision for EdTech, institutional capacity, private sector partnerships, and digital infrastructure. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive. The aim is to provide a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries and, in this case, Liberia. This report is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert.
EdTech in Sierra Leone: A Rapid Scan
Authors: Mullan Joel , Taddese Abeba
Published: September 2021

EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. This includes policies, government leadership, private sector partnerships, and digital infrastructure for education. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive; nonetheless, we hope they will serve as a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries and in this case, in Sierra Leone. This report is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert.