Incidence of peripheral trophic disorders determined by vein thrombosis of the lower limbs correlated with risk factors by age
Authors:   Sanitary Post High School “Fundeni”-Bucharest, Trucă Georgeta ,   Carol Davila University of  Medicine and Pharmacy,  Bucharest, Popa Florian ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Macovei Radu A. ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest Carol Davila University of  Medicine and Pharmacy,  Bucharest,   Carol Davila University of  Medicine and Pharmacy,  Bucharest Toxicology Clinic,  “Floreasca” Emergency  Hospital, Bucharest, Fulga M.L. ,   Sanitary Post High School “Fundeni”-Bucharest,   Carol Davila University of  Medicine and Pharmacy,  Bucharest, Ciucă Gina A. ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest,   Carol Davila University  Emergency Military  Hospital, Bucharest, Păunică-Panea G. ,   Sanitary Post High School Fundeni Bucharest,   Surgery Clinic, Sf. Pantelimon Emergency Hospital, Bucharest
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), in its clinical spectrum, includes both deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). It is a disease with high incidence and morbidity in hospital and community settings. Venous thromboembolism has various risk factors and there are studies proving that the risk of increasing the incidence of the disease is proportional to the risk factors. Diagnosis, treatment and complications of lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) depend on the anatomical location and extent of the process. The post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is the most common complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and clinically it is characterized by chronic pain, edema, enlarged veins, skin induration and other signs of the affected limb, while, in severe cases, it can develop venous ulcers. The incidence of peripheral trophic disorders by age and the prevalence of risk factors for deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs were examined in this regard. Materials and method: A retrospective study (January 2013 - December 2015) was conducted by collecting data from medical documents available in ""Floreasca"" Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania. The patients diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis, on the basis of Doppler ultrasound, were divided into two groups, according to age: group A (59 patients aged ≤50 years) and group B (130 patients aged> 50 years). A number of data from the medical anamnesis, along with clinical and paraclinical data were collected by us and we were interested in the incidence of peripheral trophic disorders caused by deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs correlated with the risk factors. The study showed the incidence of deep venous thrombosis in a certain age and a certain environment of origin. The incidence of patients who have had a VTE history is half the patients with deep vein thrombosis who have had prophylactic anticoagulant therapy before hospitalization. The incidence of patients who have had prophylactic anticoagulant therapy before hospitalization is 61.1% of the patients with deep vein thrombosis and a VTE history. The incidence of trophic disorders caused by deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs in patients who have had prophylactic anticoagulant therapy before hospitalization and in patients who also had a history of VTE is higher in those over 50 years old. The study showed the association of some risk factors for venous thrombosis with an age-related factor. Conclusions: Improving preventive strategies and an optimally efficient utilization of these strategies for patients at risk of venous thrombosis can lead to improved clinical outcomes in practice and also to the post-thrombotic syndrome prevention. Taking into consideration the risk factors by age group and a better understanding of epidemiology and the risk factors for the first or recurrent venous thrombosis can lead to optimal use of prophylactic strategies and improved quality of life. DVT affects all age groups and the incidence associated with PTS is high, therefore the prevalence of PTS in general population is considerable.