bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percepção de docentes de biologia sobre a presença da "cegueira botânica" em escolas públicas do Estado do Pará
Authors: Santos Mayanna Igreja dos , Pontes Altem Nascimento , Martins Junior Alcindo da Silva
Published: October 2021

O ensino de botânica apresenta diversos entraves, entre eles o desinteresse dos alunos pelo conteúdo, dadas as dificuldades em perceber a importância das plantas para a sua vida, condição esta denominada “cegueira botânica”. Este trabalho teve como objetivo compreender a percepção de professores de biologia sobre as dificuldades que os alunos do ensino médio têm em estudar botânica, investigando a existência da condição de “cegueira botânica”. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa do tipo sequencial exploratória com 28 docentes da disciplina de biologia, atuantes em escolas do ensino médio da rede pública do estado do Pará. Utilizou-se a aplicação de questionários estruturados com perguntas abertas e fechadas para a coleta dos dados e a técnica de análise atribuída para a sua interpretação foi do tipo análise de conteúdo. Foi identificado que 25% dos docentes desconhecem o termo cegueira botânica; a dificuldade de perceber as plantas em seu ambiente foi a principal característica da cegueira botânica identificada pelos docentes em seus alunos; as metodologias citadas pelos professores que mais despertam o interesse do aluno em aulas de botânica foram aulas de campo e aulas práticas. O ensino deve ser um momento que oportunize a construção do conhecimento de modo colaborativo a fim de que todos os sujeitos sejam capazes de atuar de forma significativa nesse processo e a utilização de metodologias de ensino diferenciadas podem contribuir neste processo, almejando a superação da cegueira botânica.
Reprocessamento de instrumental de cirurgia ortopédica em um centro de material e esterilização
Authors: Pereira Hedna Maiara Bernardo , Melo Constance Majoi Fabricio de , Oliveira Gésica Kelly da Silva , Souza Gracielly Karine Tavares , Fernandes Sabrina Emylle Torres , Alves Nemório Rodrigues , Hollanda Gabriela Silva Esteves de , Ferreira Nadja Silva , Mendonça Renata Angélica de Oliveira Rosa
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Analisar as causas de reprocessamento por não conformidades dos instrumentais de cirurgia ortopédica em um Centro de Material e Esterilização (CME). Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório, retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em um CME de classe II, a partir do livro de notificação de reprocessamento do serviço e das notificações do software de Gestão de Riscos e Segurança do paciente VIGIHOSP. Resultados: A partir da identificação do quantitativo de repetição de cada não conformidade em caixas específicas, foi possível perceber que a perda da integridade da embalagem é a principal causa de retrabalho. Conclusão: As caixas de cirurgias ortopédica mais reprocessadas estão de acordo com o preconizado nas diretrizes, no entanto, a conformidade, não está evitando a perda da integridade da embalagem.
Analisis Risiko Return IHSG dan Return Dollar Terhadap Return Saham Sektoral Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI)
Authors: Eunike Elisabet, M.M  , Ir. Tarsicius Sunaryo, MA., Ph.D
Published: October 2021

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Green Building Analysis of PT United Tractors on Existing Building Based on the Latest Rating Tools Green Building Council Indonesia
Authors: Burhan Bakhtiar , Berchsman Hanny J. , Hendriana Dena , Nasution Henry , Baskoro Gembong
Published: October 2021

PT United Tractors building has received a Platinum predicate for the Greenship New Building Category. However, the more advanced the development and growth of the company, research must continue to be done to see if the building is still feasible in its current condition. The method used in this research is to compare the condition of the existing building with the Greenship New Building Assessment tool. After comparisons, a new category suitability analysis was carried out for existing buildings. The analysis was carried out by direct measurement methods, interviews and using secondary data. From the results of the study, the PT United Tractors building received a Gold rating, because it met five building eligibility requirements, including Appropriate Site Development, Energy Efficiency and Conservation, Water Conservation, Material Resources and Cycle, Indoor Air Health and Comfort. The assessment of the suitability of the criteria in each category showed a result of 65 points (57%). For this reason, it needs improvement in order to reach the highest point in Platinum rank.
Margaretha Meyboom, 1856-1927
Authors: Jiresch Ester
Published: October 2021

Margaretha Anna Sophia Meyboom werd op 29 juli 1856 in Amsterdam geboren als tweede dochter in een domineesgezin. Haar ouders Angenis Henriette Frederika Tydeman (1828-1898) en Louis Susan Pedro Meyboom (1817-1874) hadden in totaal acht kinderen. De ouderlijke omgeving en vooral haar vader hadden een grote invloed op Meybooms leven en werk. Haar vader legde de basis voor haar twee grote passies, maatschappelijk engagement en interesse in het Noorden. Enerzijds was L.S.P. Meyboom een pionier op het gebied van moderne theologie, anderzijds was hij ook zeer geïnteresseerd in oude, heidense religies en schreef hij onder meer het boek De godsdienst der oude Noormannen1, waaruit hij zijn kinderen voorlas. Dit boek lijkt het beginpunt te zijn geweest voor Margaretha’s literaire interesse. In navolging van haar vader – hij had Deens geleerd door middel van vergelijkende bijbelstudies – begon Margaretha zichzelf op zeventienjarige leeftijd Deens te leren met behulp van een Deense grammatica en andere Scandinavische boeken die ze in de bibliotheek van haar vader had gevonden. De dominee van de Noorse Zeemanskerk hielp haar met de uitspraak.2 Al snel begon Meyboom ook vertalingen te maken van verhalen uit deze boeken, die ze opstuurde naar het dagblad Het Nieuws van den Dag, waar ze als feuilleton werden gepubliceerd. Zo werd de vertaalster geboren. Vermoedelijk is haar eerste gepubliceerde vertaling “Filia maris” van de Deen Johanne Schjørring (1836-1910) in 1880. Meybooms eerste vertalingen verschenen onder het pseudoniem Urda (een van de Noordse godinnen van het lot). Vanaf het moment dat ze hele boeken begon te vertalen – in 1891 als eerste Judas van Tor Hedberg (1862-1931) – publiceerde ze onder haar eigen naam. In totaal heeft Meyboom meer dan vijftig werken van Scandinavische auteurs vertaald. Met uitzondering van de Zweedse Selma Lagerlöf (1858-1940) en Tor Hedberg (1862-1931), waren dit Deense en Noorse auteurs, onder wie de Noren Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson (1832-1910), Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906), Knut Hamsun (1860-1952), Alexander Kielland (1849-1906), Arne Garborg (1851-1924), de Denen Carl Ewald (1856-1908), Adda Ravnkilde (1862-1883), en vele anderen. Ze liet het Nederlandse publiek kennismaken met de moderne literaire en sociale ideeën van Scandinavische schrijvers zoals Ibsen, Bjørnson en Lagerlöf.
Analysis of I/D Relationship of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism With Uric Acid Exchange in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Chuvashia Population)
Authors: Madyanov I. , Yashchenko I. , Khabarova O. , Opalinskaya I.
Published: October 2021

It is known that metabolic disorders of uric acid (UA), in particular hyperuricemia (HU), are associated with vascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2). Previously, the authors established a relationship between the I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and vascular lesions in patients with DM 2 living in Chuvashia. It was of interest to find out how the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and metabolic disorders of MC in patients with diabetes mellitus 2 (residents of Chuvashia) are related. ACE gene polymorphism was determined by the I/D polymerase reaction method in 104 patients with diabetes mellitus 2, in 46 of whom UA metabolism was studied in depth. The UA was determined spectrophotometrically in the blood and in daily urine, and the total and fractional renal clearance of the UA was calculated. There were no significant differences in the parameters of UA metabolism depending on the I/D polymorphism. A steady tendency towards a decrease in renal UA clearance was established in the DD genotype. In patients with the DD genotype in comparison with carriers of the I allele (genotypes ID and DD), a lower mean value of UA clearance was recorded (M 10.0, Me 8.4 ml/min versus M 12.4, Me 11.7 ml/min; Z=1.1, p=0.28) and a higher prevalence of its low (<9 ml/min) values: 60% (9 out of 15) versus 34.6% (9 out of 26) (χ2=2, 18, p=0.14). It should be assumed that with an increase in the number of examined patients, the relationship of the DD genotype with a reduced UA clearance will acquire statistical significance. With the DD genotype, according to many authors, the maximum ACE activity is rectified. The authors suggest that an increase in ACE activity contributes to a decrease in UA transit through the kidneys in the DD genotype
Optimization of Dental Care Insurance Financial Provision to the Preferential Contingent of the Kyrgyzstan Southern Region Population
Authors: Karataeva A. , Ismailov A. , Smanaliev M. , Sydykov A. , Yuldashev I. , Kalbaev A.
Published: October 2021

The results of studying of the Pregnant Women Oral cavity condition Indicators in the Southern region of the Kyrgyzstan and determining the Average cost of dental treatment are presented. On 100% prevalence of dental caries, DMFT Index — 2.2, the most frequently and intensively affected were women 20–29 years old (84%). The incidence of caries and its complications in the first molars was 55%. The average cost of treating one patient was 309.2 soms. The data can be used for planning payments for pregnant women, as a preferential contingent in Compulsory health insurance.
How to Learn and Control Effective Hybrid Cars
Authors: Zulfugarova N.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the history of hybrid cars, their types, running principle, parts, characters, advantages and negative features. Hybrid cars combine the efficient features of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine, and the use of hybrid cars in Azerbaijan, as in other countries, is satisfactory.
Increasing the Efficiency of Sport-oriented Enterprises of the Textile Industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Xonkeldiyeva K.
Published: October 2021

Cotton spinning enterprises were established as separate independent enterprises. Their products are used as raw materials in other weaving mills or other industries. The capacity of cotton spinning factories is determined by the number of chambers and the number of products produced. In textile enterprises, the organization of serial production is the most effective. In market conditions, it makes sense to plan production continuously.
Modernization of the Discipline’s Content “Human Anatomy” Taking Into Account the Requirements of the Professional Standards
Authors: Petrenko E.
Published: October 2021

The formation of professional competencies of students studying at the Department of Anatomy of the National University named after P.F. Lesgaft requires the modernization of the content of the discipline “Human Anatomy” and the inclusion of the educational topic “Fundamentals of Physical Development” in the curriculum of the discipline. The analysis of the educational material of the discipline modules was carried out in accordance with their volume and complexity, as well as taking into account the classroom hours allocated for practical classes and current controls in the curriculum of each module. Mastering the training material of the module “Anatomy of the musculoskeletal system” is of great importance for future specialists in the field of physical culture and sports. In addition, within this module, the basics of anatomical analysis are studied, the knowledge of which is necessary for students to successfully master related disciplines. The module “Anatomy of life support and regulation systems” includes a large amount of educational material, but future specialists in the field of physical culture and sports do not need to know it in full but should pay attention to the study of systems that ensure the efficiency of the body. In addition, the functional features of the support and regulation systems are studied by students in a related discipline — physiology. Thus, it is advisable to include the educational topic “Fundamentals of physical development” in the curriculum of the module “Anatomy of life support and regulation systems”. Practical classes and current controls of this module of the discipline are distributed in the curriculum in such a way that the last lesson is assigned to the liquidation of student debts in the discipline. This lesson can be allocated to the study of the basics of physical development and the technique of anthropometry, without reducing the classroom hours allocated to the study of other educational topics of the module. Since the educational topic “Fundamentals of physical development” involves the development of practical skills for conducting anthropometric measurements, the control work “Assessment of physical development” performed by students during independent work will allow to assess the level of study of the educational material.
Kedinamisan dalam Kearifan Lokal: Perancangan Identitas Visual Galeri Sulam Pinjaik Patah
Authors: Masdupi Erni , Kurniawati Tri , Fitra Halkadri , Faisal Dini
Published: October 2021

AbstrakGaleri Sulam Pinjaik Patah sebagai usaha kolektif warga Nagari Panampuang memiliki potensi menjadi salah satu ikon produk sulam di Sumatra Barat. Namun, dari sisi desain grafisnya belum memiliki solusi desain yang baik. Logo yang dimiliki belum dapat memperkenalkan karakter, kepribadian, dan ciri khas Sulam Pinjaik Patah. Identitas visual merupakan jawaban bagi permasalahan Galeri Sulam Pinjaik Patah karena penggunaan identitas visual yang sistematis, terstruktur dan konsisten akan mampu membangun brand awareness. Identitas visual dirancang dengan menggunakan metode research and development (R&D) yang terdiri dari tahapan mengenali potensi dan masalah, merancang desain produk, validasi dan uji coba. Hasil rancangan identitas visual memiliki elemen yang dinamis, aplikasi yang fleksibel sehingga memberi ruang bagi entitas untuk mengembangkan elemen dari identitas visual. Kata kunci: galeri sulam, identitas visual, kearifan lokal, pinjaik patah AbstractGaleri Sulam Pinjaik Patah has the potential of becoming one of the icons of embroidery products in West Sumatra. However, the gallery does not have a better graphic design solution. Its current logo does not introduce the character, personality, and characteristics of the origin of the name Pinjaik Patah embroidery. The problem is gallery needs more recognition to create brand awareness. It demands a systematic and consistent use of visual identity, not just a logo. The research and development (R&D) method is used to design the visual identity. The stages are identifying potentials and problems, designing product designs, validating, and testing. The final design of Galeri Sulam Pinjaik Patah’s visual identity has dynamic elements and flexible applications that allowed the gallery to improve and develop its visual identity. Keywords: embroidery gallery, local wisdom, pinjaik patah, visual identity
Representasi Nilai-nilai Religiusitas dalam Desain Ornamen Gong Senen Jepara
Authors: Irsyada Abdulloh Eizzi , Happy Handry Rohmad Dwi
Published: October 2021

Abstrak Gong Senen merupakan karya ukir Jepara lampau yang dirancang langsung oleh Citrokusumo, yang merupakan Adipati Jepara, sekitaran tahun 1720 silam. Citrokusumo seolah-olah menjadikan Gong Senen sebagai sarana atau media berkomunikasi dengan warganya. Setiap ornamen pada Gong Senen mengandung nilai-nilai pesan religiusitas yang secara umum meliputi hubungan manusia dengan Tuhannya, sesamanya serta lingkungannya. Namun, pada masa modern ini, tidak banyak masyarakat Jepara, khususnya desa Senenan yang mengetahui karya ukiran bersejarah ini, begitu juga dengan pesan atau nilai yang terkandung pada setiap elemen ukirnya. Oleh karenanya, penelitian ini diharapkan mampu melacak, menganalisa hingga merangkum apa saja nilai-nilai religiusitas yang terepresentasi dalam setiap elemen-elemen ukiran Gong Senen Jepara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Selain menggunakan pendekatan estetis dan historis, penelitian ini juga menggunakan teori tanda semiotika sebagai pisau analisisnya, dengan mengindikasikan objek ornamen sebagai penanda dan makna dibalik ornamen tersebut sebagai petanda. Adapun nilai-nilai filosofi kehidupan Adiluhung Jawa di balik kemegahan ornamen ukir Gong Senen ini adalah pesan kepada warga Jepara, sebagai contoh dalam ornamen merak untuk menjaga lima perkara sebelum datangnya lima perkara, yakni menjaga masa muda sebelum tua, sehat sebelum sakit, kaya sebelum miskin, sempat sebelum sempit, serta hidup sebelum mati. Kata Kunci: desain, Gong Senen, Jepara, religiusitas, representasi AbstractGong Senen is an ancient Jepara carving designed directly by Citrokusumo, the Duke of Jepara, around 1720. Citrokusumo seems to make Gong Senen a tool or medium to communicate with its citizens. Each ornament carved on Gong Senen consists of the values of the religious messages which generally includes the human relationship with God, each other, and the environment. Yet, Not many people of Jepara, especially Senenan village, know about this historic carving as well as the message or value contained in each element of the carving. Therefore, this research is expected to trace, analyze and summarize the religious values represented in each element of Gong Senen Jepara carve. This research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. In addition, besides using aesthetic and historical approaches, this study also uses semiotic sign theory as a tool of analysis, by indicating the ornament object as a signifier and the meaning behind the ornament as a signified. The philosophical values of the “Adiluhung” (great) Javanese life behind the splendor of this Gong Senen carved ornament are a message to Jepara’s residents, as an example in peacock ornament to protect five matters before the arrival of five matters those are keeping the youth before the old, the health before the sick, the rich before the poverty, the ability before the inability, and the life before the death. Keywords: design, Gong Senen, Jepara, representation, religiosity
Nature and frequency of diagnosis of different forms of glomerulonephritis as cause of development and progression of chronic kidney disease in different regions of world, according to clinical and morphological studies with renal biopsy
Authors: Teplova N. V. , Chervyakova G. A. , Vardanyan A. G. , Arakelov S. E. , Dzheksembekov A. G. , Apokina V. V.
Published: October 2021

Hypertensive disorders in pregnant women are a significant factor in the development of complications leading to maternal and perinatal mortality. However, most cases of adverse outcomes are preventable. The choice of drug therapy in this group of patients should be made on the basis of a complete analysis and risk stratification.

Purpose of work.Consideration of modern classification, diagnostic methods and rational antihypertensive therapy of chronic arterial hypertension on the example of a clinical case of a pregnant patient in a therapeutic hospital.

Case description. The presented work describes a case of severe arterial hypertension during the first trimester of pregnancy, poorly amenable to drug correction.

Conclusion.The features of this clinical observation are the problems associated with the selection of antihypertensive therapy for severe arterial hypertension during low gestational age pregnancy, taking into account comorbidities
Xenon analgesia in children with extensive wounds
Authors: Bagaev V. G. , Rauschenbach N. G. , Mitish V. A. , Medinsky P. V. , Amcheslavsky V. G. , Kolesnik I. V. , Lukyanov V. I. , Bagaeva Yu. V. , Dvornikova M. A.
Published: October 2021

Purpose. To assess the effectiveness of sub-narcotic concentrations of xenon in the local treatment of extensive wounds in children with severe injuries.

Material and methods. 14 patients (average age 9.3 ± 4.0 years) with extensive wounds were taken into the trial. 67 dressings in them were done with 30 % xenon and oxygen. Pain intensity was assessed by the numerical rating scale of pain (NRSp) (1–10 points); sedation depth – by Ramsay scale (1–6 points) and BIS index.

Results. Inhalations of 30 % xenon with oxygen during wound dressings reduced the intensity of pain from Me 3.67 (1.2; 6.0) to Me 2.0 (1.0; 3.3) points by NRSp scale (p < 0.05); after sedanalgesia, it increased again to Me 3.0 (1.0; 5.3). Analgesia with 30 % xenon was effective in 55 (82.0 %) dressings; in 8 (11.9 %) patients with trauma, xenon concentration was increased to 50 %, and in 4 (5.9 %) cases 50 % xenon was added with Fentanyl 1–2 mcg/kg. The depth of sedation assessed by the Ramsay scale decreased (p < 0.05) from 6.0 (5.6; 6.0) to 3.1 (2.2; 4.5) points; after sedanalgesia it increased to Me 5.0 (4.5; 5.4) points. At the same time, the mean value of BIS index decreased (p < 0.05) from 97.5 ± 1.5 to 86.5 ± 5.0 U; after dressing, it rapidly increased to 93.0 ± 2.1 U. During dressings, 82 % of children were calm, had contact with a doctor. Afterwards, their sleep was restored, their mood improved.

Conclusion. Sedanalgesia with xenon in sub-narcotic concentrations is an effective technique to relieve pain during treatment of extensive wounds in children.
IMPACT OF ARCTIC SEA ICE REDUCTION ON ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION PATTERNS
Authors: Gradov Viacheslav S. , Borovko Irina V. , Krupchatnikov Vladimir N.
Published: October 2021

This paper focuses on the effect of sea ice melting under the effect of the mechanism of decreasing albedo of dry and wet ice and snow on the structure of atmospheric circulation. In particular, the Impact on storm tracks in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans is analyzed. Extreme weather events are usually associated with atmospheric blocking conditions. Blocking is such meteorological conditions in which a large anticyclonic atmospheric vortex is observed over an area for several days. The Molteni-Tibaldi blocking criterion and the magnitude of the local anticyclonic wave activity (LAWA) are used to estimate the number of blockings. Extreme values of LAWA may indicate the presence of atmospheric blockings. As a result, there is a weakening and eastward shift of Atlantic storm trajectories. There is almost no influence on the Pacific storm tracks.
METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE CITY ATMOSPHERE POLLUTION ACCORDING TO MONITORING DATA
Authors: Lezhenin Anatoly A. , Raputa Vladimir F.
Published: October 2021

The problem of assessing the city's atmospheric pollution based on monitoring data at stationary observation posts is considered. The results of the research carried out on the example of Iskitim city in the Novosibirsk region are discussed. The analysis of the relationship between the frequency of impurity emissions from dominant sources and the measured concentrations at the stationary observation point of the city for winter periods of time is carried out. The influence of the frequency of winds of different directions on the formation of the level of atmospheric pollution at the control post has been investigated. Taking into account the relative position of the observation point and the main highway of the city, a noticeable contribution of southwestern winds to the increase in benzo (a) pyrene concentrations is shown. The regularities of the formation of atmospheric pollution in calm conditions have been studied. A statistical relationship has been established between the number of calm recorded during the month at the Iskitim meteorological station and the values of benzo(a)pyrene concentrations.
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF PLANT COMMUNITIES IN THE DOLINSKY NATURE SANCTUARY (SAKHALIN) ACCORDING TO SATELLITE SURVEYS
Authors: Lobishcheva Inna I. , Verkhoturov Alexey A. , Melkiy Vyacheslav A.
Published: October 2021

The determination ratio of timber tree in the composition of stands makes it possible to judge about geoecological state of the vegetation cover. It be noted heterogeneous studying of forests in different regions of the country, in connection with which the research of specially protected natural areas (SPNA), which includes the Dolinsky Nature Sanctuary, with an insufficient number of employees in the forest industry, becomes especially relevant. Automated decoding of remote sensing data serves as an aid to ground-based observations. Work to identify the species composition of forests according to aerospace surveys on the territory of Sakhalin Island previously carried out in small volumes. The Sentinel-2 satellite images of the territory of the Dolinsky Nature Sanctuary, obtained in 2018-2021, analyzed in order to identify the classification features of various plant communities characteristic of the southern part of Sakhalin. On basis of visual interpretation, reference sites for geobotanical studies were identified, which with a high degree of confidence attributed to specific plant formations: fir-spruce, stone-birch, willow-alder river valleys, bamboo, deforested areas and plantings of pine and larch crops. Further work carried out using the methods of geoinformation analysis in ArcGIS. The optimal combinations of channels in the formation of synthesized image composites for the selection of training samples for each plant formation were determined when performing vegetation classification. In case of difficulties with the separation of some formations (larch - pine) in the images, the work carried out based on the materials of multi-season surveys. The obtained characteristics of the training samples can be used for further research in the Dolinsky Nature Sanctuary and beyond.
NUMERICAL ALGORITHM FOR ESTIMATING THE VELOCITY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MEDIUM IN THE VOLCANIC ZONE
Authors: Pinigina Daria L. , Kopylova Oksana A. , Khairetdinov Marat S.
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes an approach to the calculation and assessment of local velocities of seismic P-waves in a volcanic zone based on the use of the grid method. The numerical algorithm is tested on the experimentally obtained arrival times of P-waves from a vibration source of the SV-10/100 type for the mount Karabetova mud volcano. Registration was carried out by 35 receivers during sounding from 5 points of the vibrator in the frequency range of 10-60 Hz. It follows from the results of numerical modeling that the selection of nonlinearity in the travel time curve of seismic P-waves in the area of a volcanic edifice is possible with the number of grid nodes from 60x60 or more, which corresponds to 31.2 m along the X-axis and 48.1 m along the Y-axis. The obtained results of the distribution of local velocities are consistent with the previously obtained geological structure of the study area and indicate the presence of higher velocities in the area of the anticlinal fold passing through the volcano zone.
ON A BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR ONE OVERDETERMINED SYSTEM IN A HALF-PLANE
Authors: Urev Mikhail V. , Imomnazarov Kholmatzhon Kh. , Iskandarov Ilham K.
Published: October 2021

This paper considers a boundary value problem for an overdetermined system of equations in a half-plane. This problem arises in particular when solving a stationary system of the two-velocity hydrodynamics with one pressure and homogeneous divergent conditions and the Dirichlet boundary conditions for two phase velocities, as well as in problems of electrodynamics. The generalized solution to a stationary system of the two-velocity hydrodynamics in the case of two-dimensional unbounded domains, for instance, in a half-plane, has a significant difference from the three-dimensional case. Namely, in the two-dimensional case for the velocities it is impossible to satisfy the pre-set conditions at infinity and the condition of boundedness at infinity is imposed. In this case, the medium is considered to be homogeneous, and the energy dissipation occurs due to the shear viscosities of the phases of the subsystems, and other effects are not discussed in this paper. The mass transfer occurs due to the mass force. With an appropriate choice of functional spaces, the existence and uniqueness of a generalized solution with an appropriate stability estimate has been proved.
BUILDING OF TEMPERATURE MAPS OF NOVOSIBIRSK CITY BASED ON LANDSAT 8 DATA
Authors: Mamash Elena A. , Pestunov Igor A. , Chubarov Dmitrii L.
Published: October 2021

An algorithm for constructing temperature maps of the underlying surface based on a multi-time series of atmospheric corrected satellite data from Landsat 8, implemented in the Google Earth Engine system, is presented. The results of the construction of temperature maps of Novosibirsk using this algorithm are discussed.
REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL COUNCILS AS A FORM OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN COSTA RICA
Authors: Chaves Daniela O.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the process of organizing the participation of the local community in environmental protection and decision-making in effective use of natural resources. The main form of public participation of the local population is described: regional environmental councils, which are organized in each administrative division of the Republic of Costa Rica. Clarified the legal framework that creates and establishes the functions of regional environmental councils as a body for the participation of citizens in environmental protection in the Republic of Costa Rica. The main directions of activity of regional environmental councils are listed. The types of council members, the frequency of meetings, and the conditions for re-election are characterized. The legal and regulatory framework governing forestry management in Costa-Rica is considered. The functions of regional environmental councils in relation to the rational management, conservation and restoration of the country's forest resources are listed. A case-study of the participation of a regional environmental council in the organization of forestry in the Talamanca region is described. Conclusions are made for the further prospects of regional environmental councils in the context of ubiquitous access to the Internet.
ESTIMATING CARBON EMISSIONS FROM FIRES OF DIFFERENT INTENSITY IN THE PINE FORESTS OF SIBERIA
Authors: Ivanova Galina A. , Ivanov Valery A.
Published: October 2021

In connection with global climate change, special attention is paid to the quantitative content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Currently, forest fires are one of the main sources of gas and aerosol emissions into the atmosphere. Based on the conducted experimental studies, data on carbon emissions from fires of different intensity in the pine forests of Siberia were obtained. The most important factors affecting the amount of burned biomass and the amount of carbon emissions are the type and intensity of the fire. High-intensity fires have the greatest impact on the ecosystem and the amount of carbon emissions. With an increase in the number of large high-intensity fires, an increase in pyrogenic carbon emissions into the atmosphere can be expected.
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF THE HUMUS PART OF THE WEST SIBERIAN TRANSECT SOILS
Authors: Klenov Boris M. , Yakutin Mikhail V.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the change in the indicator of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) in the humus of the latitudinal series of soils in Western Siberia. It is shown that not all humus substances are able to perform the function of cation exchange and participate in the formation of the organic part of the soil EC. It is shown that the organic matter in the latitudinal range of soils in Western Siberia is distributed in accordance with the known geographical pattern of the distribution of the total humus stock and the main characteristics of this stock. An unconventional evaluation method for determining the EC is proposed using analytical data on the content of acidic functional groups in humic acids and the composition of humic substances, which allows us to separately assess the contribution of humic and fulvic acids in the composition of the EC of the soil.
Venturing Into Feminist Consciousness: Portrayal of Women in Selected Akan Proverbs
Authors: Danquah Grace
Published: October 2021

Proverbs are normally classified as terse, succinct popular sayings. This study explores how the linguistic features of Akan proverbs contribute to the understanding women’s role and place in society. The aim is to examine and explore traditional portrayals of Akan women. Using the Negofeminism theory, ten Akan proverbs about women are critically examined. The argument is advanced that though the specific contexts that necessitates the use of a particular proverb influences its meaning, a careful scrutiny proves that Akans tend to present women as Negofeminist in some of their popular proverbs. Most of the proverbs can be interpreted as stating and implying the complementary role of the woman. The conclusion is drawn that such representations of the woman belie the portrayal of the African woman as a beast of burden.
Asthma Phenotypes and Host Risk Factors Associated With Various Asthma-Related Outcomes in Health Workers
Authors: Mwanga Hussein H. , Baatjies Roslynn , Singh Tanusha , Jeebhay Mohamed F.
Published: October 2021

Background: Work-related asthma phenotypes in health workers (HWs) exposed to cleaning agents have not been investigated extensively as other occupational exposures. This study aimed to describe asthma phenotypes and to identify important host risk factors associated with various asthma-related outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 699 HWs was conducted in two large tertiary hospitals. A total of 697 HWs completed questionnaire interviews. Sera collected from 682 HWs were analyzed for atopy (Phadiatop) and IgE to occupational allergens (NRL—Hev b5, Hev b6.02; chlorhexidine and ortho-phthalaldehyde—OPA). Methacholine (MCT), bronchodilator challenge (BDR) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were performed. An asthma symptom score (ASS) used five asthma-related symptoms reported in the past 12 months. Current asthma was based on use of asthma medication or an asthma attack or being woken up by an attack of shortness of breath in the past 12 months. Nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness (NSBH) was defined as having either a positive MCT or a significant bronchodilator response. Two continuous indices of NSBH [continuous index of responsiveness (CIR) and dose-response slope (DRS)] were calculated.

Results: The prevalence of current asthma was 10%, atopic asthma (6%) and non-atopic asthma (4%). Overall, 2% of subjects had work-related asthma. There was a weak positive association between NSBH and FeNO [CIR: Beta coefficient (β) = 0.12; CI: 0.03–0.22 and DRS: β = 0.07; CI: 0.03–0.12]. Combining FeNO ≥ 50 ppb with a BDR [mean ratio (MR) = 5.89; CI: 1.02–34.14] or with NSBH (MR = 4.62; CI: 1.16–18.46) correlated better with ASS than FeNO alone (MR = 2.23; CI: 1.30–3.85). HWs with current asthma were twice as likely to be atopic. FeNO was positively associated with atopy (OR = 3.19; CI: 1.59–6.39) but negatively associated with smoking status (GMR = 0.76; CI: 0.62–0.94). Most HWs sensitized to occupational allergens were atopic.

Conclusion: Atopic asthma was more prevalent than non-atopic asthma in HWs. Most asthma-related outcomes were positively associated with allergic predictors suggesting a dominant role for IgE mechanisms for work-related symptoms and asthma associated with sensitization to OPA or chlorhexidine.
Dose–Response Relationship Between Physical Activity and the Incidence of Peripheral Artery Disease in General Population: Insights From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004
Authors: Qu Cheng-Jia , Teng Le-Qun , Liu Xin-Nong , Zhang Yong-Bao , Fang Jie , Shen Chen-Yang
Published: October 2021

Purpose: A low ABI, ≦0.9, indicates peripheral artery disease (PAD) and physical activity (PA) represents an important non-surgical treatment for patients with PAD. However, as for the general population, the associations between PA, PAD, and their mutual dependence are not well-defined. Here we aimed to determine whether there is a dose–response relationship between PA and incidence of PAD in the general population using restricted cubic spline (RCS).

Patients and methods: This study analyzed 1,370 adults aged ≧40 years who had participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 1999–2004. The ABI of the participants were measured by trained technicians, and PAD was defined as ABI ≦0.9. PA was obtained with a standard questionnaire, and metabolic equivalents (MET) were used to quantify the PA level. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between PA and incidence of PAD, and the dose–response relationship was analyzed with RCS.

Results: PAD was present in 6.2% of the participants: 5.6% of males and 6.9% of females. After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with the first quartile (Q1) of MET, the odds ratios (ORs) of PAD for those with Q2, Q3, and Q4 of MET were 0.688 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.684–0.692], 0.463 (95% CI = 0.460–0.466), 0.816 (95% CI = 0.812–0.821), respectively (all p < 0.0001). The RCS regression showed that physical activity was related to the incidence of PAD in a non-linear manner (p for non-linearity < 0.0001). For females, the prevalence of PAD decreased as physical activity increased, reaching the minimum for activity at ~5,800 MET-min month−1 (OR = 0.425, 95% CI = 0.424–0.426), and for males, no plateau was found in this study.

Conclusion: The prevalence of PAD is inversely associated with PA, and vigorous activities might help decrease PAD risk for general population. The prevalence of PAD reaches the minimum at ~5,800 MET-min month−1, representing a recommended PA value.
Supporting Equity and Inclusion of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Individuals in Professional Organizations
Authors: Huyck Julia Jones , Anbuhl Kelsey L. , Buran Brad N. , Adler Henry J. , Atcherson Samuel R. , Cakmak Ozan , Dwyer Robert T. , Eddolls Morgan , El May Fadhel , Fraenzer Juergen-Theodor , Funkhouser Rebekah , Gagliardini Mathilde , Gallun Frederick J. , Goldsworthy Raymond L. , Gouin Samir , Heng Joseph , Hight Ariel Edward , Jawadi Zina , Kovacic Damir , Kumar Rachit , Kumar Santosh , Lim Stacey R. , Mo Chengeng , Nolan Lisa S. , Parbery-Clark Alexandra , Pisano Dominic V. , Rao Valluri R. , Raphael Robert M. , Reiss Lina A. J. , Spencer Nathaniel J. , Tang Stephen J. , Tejani Viral D. , Tran Emma D. , Valli Mikaeel , Watkins Greg D. , Wayne Rachel V. , Wheeler Lindsey R. , White Stephanie L. , Wong Victor , Yuk M. Caroline , Ratnanather J. Tilak , Steyger Peter S.
Published: October 2021

Disability is an important and often overlooked component of diversity. Individuals with disabilities bring a rare perspective to science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) because of their unique experiences approaching complex issues related to health and disability, navigating the healthcare system, creatively solving problems unfamiliar to many individuals without disabilities, managing time and resources that are limited by physical or mental constraints, and advocating for themselves and others in the disabled community. Yet, individuals with disabilities are underrepresented in STEMM. Professional organizations can address this underrepresentation by recruiting individuals with disabilities for leadership opportunities, easing financial burdens, providing equal access, fostering peer-mentor groups, and establishing a culture of equity and inclusion spanning all facets of diversity. We are a group of deaf and hard-of-hearing (D/HH) engineers, scientists, and clinicians, most of whom are active in clinical practice and/or auditory research. We have worked within our professional societies to improve access and inclusion for D/HH individuals and others with disabilities. We describe how different models of disability inform our understanding of disability as a form of diversity. We address heterogeneity within disabled communities, including intersectionality between disability and other forms of diversity. We highlight how the Association for Research in Otolaryngology has supported our efforts to reduce ableism and promote access and inclusion for D/HH individuals. We also discuss future directions and challenges. The tools and approaches discussed here can be applied by other professional organizations to include individuals with all forms of diversity in STEMM.
Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities
Authors: Hart Patrick J. , Ibanez Thomas , Paxton Kristina , Tredinnick Grace , Sebastián-González Esther , Tanimoto-Johnson Ann
Published: October 2021

When acoustic signals sent from individuals overlap in frequency and time, acoustic interference and signal masking may occur. Under the acoustic niche hypothesis (ANH), signaling behavior has evolved to partition acoustic space and minimize overlap with other calling individuals through selection on signal structure and/or the sender’s ability to adjust the timing of signals. Alternately, under the acoustic clustering hypothesis, there is potential benefit to convergence and synchronization of the structural or temporal characteristics of signals in the avian community, and organisms produce signals that overlap more than would be expected by chance. Interactive communication networks may also occur, where species living together are more likely to have songs with convergent spectral and or temporal characteristics. In this study, we examine the fine-scale use of acoustic space in montane tropical wet forest bird communities in Costa Rica and Hawai‘i. At multiple recording stations in each community, we identified the species associated with each recorded signal, measured observed signal overlap, and used null models to generate random distributions of expected signal overlap. We then compared observed vs. expected signal overlap to test predictions of the acoustic niche and acoustic clustering hypotheses. We found a high degree of overlap in the signal characteristics (frequency range) of species in both Costa Rica and Hawai‘i, however, as predicted under ANH, species significantly reduced observed overlap relative to the random distribution through temporal partitioning. There was little support for acoustic clustering or the prediction of the network hypothesis that species segregate across the landscape based on the frequency range of their vocalizations. These findings constitute strong support that there is competition for acoustic space in these signaling communities, and this has resulted primarily in temporal partitioning of the soundscape.
A Scoping Review to Assess Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes, Challenges and Recommendations in the Context of Climate Migration
Authors: van Daalen Kim Robin , Dada Sara , Issa Rita , Chowdhury Maisoon , Jung Laura , Singh Lucy , Stokes Diarmuid , Orcutt Miriam , Singh Neha S.
Published: October 2021

Background: As growing numbers of people may be forced to migrate due to climate change and variability, it is important to consider the disparate impacts on health for vulnerable populations, including sexual and reproductive health (SRH). This scoping review aims to explore the relationship between climate migration and SRH.

Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Global Health and Google for peer-reviewed and gray literature published before 2nd July 2021 in English that reported on SRH in the context of climate migration. Data were extracted using a piloted extraction tool and findings are reported in a narrative synthesis.

Results: We screened 1,607 documents. Ten full-text publications were included for analysis: five peer-reviewed articles and five gray literature documents. Reported SRH outcomes focused on maternal health, access to family planning and antiretroviral therapy, sexual and gender-based violence, transactional sex, and early/forced marriage. Recommendations to improve SRH in the context of climate migration called for gender-transformative health systems, education and behavior change programmes, and the involvement of local women in policy planning and programme implementation.

Discussion: While the disparate impacts of climate change and migration are well-established, primary data on the scope of impact due to climate migration is limited. The SRH outcomes reported in the literature focus on a relatively narrow range of SRH domains, emphasizing women and girls, over men. Achieving holistic and equitable SRH in the context of climate migration requires engaging all genders across the range of SRH outcomes and migration contexts. This review highlights the need for further empirical evidence on the effect of climate migration on SRH, with research that is context-specific and engages communities in order to reflect the heterogeneity of outcomes and impact in the climate-migration-SRH nexus.
A Roadmap for the Restoration of Mediterranean Macroalgal Forests
Authors: Cebrian Emma , Tamburello Laura , Verdura Jana , Guarnieri Giuseppe , Medrano Alba , Linares Cristina , Hereu Bernat , Garrabou Joaquim , Cerrano Carlo , Galobart Cristina , Fraschetti Simonetta
Published: October 2021

Canopy-forming macroalgae play a crucial role in coastal primary production and nutrient cycling, providing food, shelter, nurseries, and habitat for many vertebrate and invertebrate species. However, macroalgal forests are in decline in various places and natural recovery is almost impossible when populations become locally extinct. Hence, active restoration emerges as the most promising strategy to rebuild disappeared forests. In this regard, significant efforts have been made by several EU institutions to research new restoration tools for shallow and mesophotic reef habitats (e.g., MERCES EU project, AFRIMED, and ROCPOP-life) and effective techniques have subsequently been proposed to promote self-sustaining populations. Recent research indicates that macroalgal forest recovery requires a broad spectrum of measures, ranging from mitigating human impacts to restoring the most degraded populations and habitats, and that the viability of large restoration actions is compromised by ongoing human pressures (e.g., pollution, overgrazing, and climate change). We propose a roadmap for Mediterranean macroalgal restoration to assist researchers and stakeholders in decision-making, considering the most effective methods in terms of cost and cost-effectiveness, and taking background environmental conditions and potential threats into account. Last, the challenges currently faced by the restoration of rocky coastal ecosystems under changing climate conditions are also discussed.