bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recovery of State Losses in Corruption Cases in Indonesia, through the Asset Recovery Model and Mutual Legal Assistance
Authors: Santoso Bambang
Published: April 2023

Two issues will be examined in this study: whether the optimization of recovering state losses in corruption cases can be carried out with the mutual legal assistance model and whether the obstacles to optimizing the recovery of state losses in corruption cases with the mutual legal assistance model. The study aims to obtain complete information about optimizing the recovery of state losses in cases of corruption which can be carried out using the mutual legal assistance model, and obstacles to optimizing the recovery of state losses in corruption cases using the mutual legal assistance model. The study shows that efforts to recover state losses in corruption cases can be carried out in various ways, one of which is the mutual legal assistance (MLA) model. MLA plays an essential role in recovering assets obtained from corruption crimes, especially assets taken abroad by corruption perpetrators. MLA can run optimally if there is a strong synergy between stakeholders. Efforts to return 'stolen' state assets (stolen asset recovery) through criminal acts of corruption tend not to be easy to do. Corruption perpetrators have extraordinary access and are difficult to reach in hiding or money laundering the proceeds of their corruption crimes. An international institution, the Basel Institute on Governance, the International Center for Asset Recovery stated that: 'asset recovery is a difficult task and is fraught with the complications of the banks involved, the navigation of a costly international legal labyrinth and the fact that those implicated in public looting are usually those with the most power and influence'.
English in Adverts in Ghana
Authors: Ganaa Faustina Ethel
Published: April 2023

The paper examines the uses of English in TV advertisements in Ghana. The paper aims to establish the formal and functional properties of English used in TV adverts in Ghana and to examine the extent to which the language used in adverts deviates from the general principles of language. Data for the study is drawn from recordings of TV advertisements done by radio stations in Ghana and analyzed using qualitative approaches. The study finds that the advertisements exhibit formal properties of the English language, functional properties, and in some cases, a mixture of both formal and functional properties of the English language. Regarding the use of standard language or otherwise in advertisements, the paper shows that the general trend is the use of standardized forms with cases of variations in lexicon and spellings. In terms of the impact of these variations on the message of the adverts, the paper suggests that the variations did not alter the messages intended in the adverts. Therefore, the author recommends integrating more variations in adverts by marketing companies to activate people's memories and adopt both functional and formal English features to attract the elite and the non-elite.
Assessment of E-learning Technologies in Universities: Case of University of Dar Es Salaam
Authors: Makundi Tumaini Meckphason , Ikoha Peters Anselemo , Kilwake Juma
Published: April 2023

The universities worldwide are struggling to use e-learning technologies to solve the current situation created by pandemics. The universities in Tanzania found themselves with no option but to make use of e-learning like any other public university in the world to support students away from them. There are various e-learning technologies, and according to the various studies reviewed, universities use an amalgamation of e-learning technologies to support the teaching and learning processes. These technologies disorient the users when they want to integrate them during the teaching and learning process. The study adopted a case study design based on the University of Dar es Salaam. The study applied stratified sampling techniques to group the students based on the year of study and simple random sampling was used to get a sample of 392 based on the strata. A questionnaire was used as the tool to get data from the respondents. The findings of this paper will be essential in identifying the most effective e-learning technologies based on the preference to support the learning process.
Literatur Review: Plant Efficacy as Biolarvicide for Anopheles Mosquito Vector Control
Authors: Asrianto Asrianto , Samai Suarna , Sahidin Muhamad , Sahli Indra Taufik , Hartati Risda , Mulyani Wiwiek
Published: April 2023

Mosquito vectors are a severe threat to the prevalence and incidence of malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and filariasis. Malaria is a Plasmodium infection that is transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria cases in tropical and subtropical countries have social and economic impacts. Mosquito vector control has been using chemical and synthetic compounds. This method can reduce malaria cases, but it creates new problems that also slow down the elimination of malaria in the long run. Vector control in the larval phase using bioactive compounds of various plants is an alternative to eradicating vectors; besides that, utilizing these bioactive compounds is relatively safer, cheaper, and more accessible. Plants contain several compounds that are toxic to Anopheles mosquito larvae. This literature study summarizes research on extracts of various plants that function as larvicides of the Anopheles mosquito. The research method uses a literature study. The literature related to the research topic was obtained from the databases of Google Scholar, Semantic Sholar, Garuda, PubMed, and Science Direct. The primary literature is a publication of the last ten years. The literature study results showed that the plants Vitex negundo Linn., Lawsonia inermis Linn., Stachys byzantina K.Koch., Pithecellobium dulce Bth., Olax dissiti?ora Oliv., Ipomea cairica Linn., Ricinnus communis Linn., Carica papaya Linn., Paederia foetida Linn., Glycosmis pentaphylla Retz., Terminalia chebula Retz., Annona squamosa Linn., Tagetes erecta Linn. and Azadiracha indica Juss. against mosquito vectors. This study concludes that secondary plant metabolites can be used as candidates and alternatives for controlling Anopheles mosquito larvae.
In Silico Study of Bajakah Compounds (Spatholobus suberectus) to Protease SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor
Authors: Norhayati Norhayati , Andika Andika , Purwanto Aris
Published: April 2023

Coronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19 is caused by a virus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Until now, there is no specific treatment guide in dealing with COVID-19 in Indonesia. The curative pharmacological therapy for COVID-19 used is antiviral such as lopinavir, ritonavir, and oseltamivir, currently based on trial and error. This study carried out a Molecular Docking Analysis of 16 compounds owned by the Bajakah plant (Spatholobus suberectus). Oseltamivir was used as a control, and validation was carried out on a natural ligand, namely boceprevir against the main protease CoV or Mpro, 7C6S and the result was 1.47 Å using Toshiba hardware and AutoDock Tools, ChemSketch, Discovery Studio, Avogadro, UCSF Chimera software. Lipinski Rules of Five (RO5) analysis and ADMET analysis using SWISSADME and admetSAR. Licochalcone A compound had the best binding energy and inhibition constant values of -7.98 kcal/mol and 1.42 ?M. In contrast, the 6-Methoxyeriodictyol compound had fewer binding energy and inhibition constants, namely -5.24 kcal/mol and 143.04 ?M, respectively. In addition to the licochalcone A compound, the afrormosin compound, 3'4'7'-trihydroxyflavone, formononetin, cajanin, and dihydrokaempferol showed good binding energy values and inhibition constants compared to oseltamivir (control), so that these compounds have the potential to inhibit Mpro SARS-COV-2 or the virus that causes COVID-19. Analysis of Lipinski Rules of Five and ADMET is used to determine the properties of a molecule on the pharmacokinetics of drugs in the human body, and the results obtained to meet the requirements so that it is potentially effective for oral consumption.
Evaluasi Penambahan Kalium pada AB-Mix Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tiga Varietas Selada (Lactuca sativa L.) Hidroponik
Authors: De Sousa Olandino Tome Francisco Dorosario , Hariyono Kacung , Dewanti Parawita
Published: April 2023

Hidroponik merupakan salah satu metode pertanian modern yang saat ini sedang banyak diminati dan dikembangkan. Hidroponik menawarkan solusi untuk bertani pada lahan yang sempit dan terbatas. Umumnya, metode bertani hidroponik dilakukan pada tanaman sayur, hal ini didukung dengan permintaan sayur yang meningkat dikalangan masyarakat. Metode hidroponik memanfaatkan larutan nutrisi sebagai sumber hara, yaitu nutrisi AB-Mix yang merupakan nutrisi majemuk dengan kandungan hara makro dan mikro. Namun, kebutuhan setiap varietas tanaman berbeda. Pada penelitian ini, pengaruh dosis hara kalium (K) di evaluasi terhadap pertumbuhan dan beberapa chemical properties tanaman yang diuji dengan uji proksimat. Terdapat tiga verietas selada yang digunakan yaitu selada varietas hijau, selada varietas merah dan selada varietas butterhead. Selain itu, tiga dosis kalium berbeda diaplikasikan pada penelitian ini yaitu penambahan kalium dengan dosis 225 ppm, 250 ppm dan 275 ppm. Beberapa parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini meliputi tinggi tanaman, banyak daun, lebar daun, lebar kanopi, kandungan klorofil, berat segar, berat kering, dan juga dilakukan analisis proksimat untuk mengetahui chemical properties tanaman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, penambahan kalium berdampak pada masing-maisng varietas selada. Hal tersebut dikarenakan setiap varietas memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda. Kalium secara signifikan mempengaruhi kandungan proksimat pada selada merah dibandingkan dengan selada kepala hijau dan selada butterhead. Namun secara keseluruhan, penambahan kalium mampu meningkatkan bobot segar, lebar daun, lebar tajuk, tinggi tanaman, dan jumlah daun untuk semua varietas selada yang diuji. Dari segi kandungan klorofil, penambahan 250 ppm kalium ke setiap varietas selada dapat meningkatkan kandungan klorofil tanaman.
Keragaman Genetik Tanaman dan Produktivitas Tebu Klon Unggul Harapan SB 01, SB 03, SB 12 (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Di Lahan Kering Sambiroto Mojokerto
Authors: Setyobudi  , Lailiyah Wiharyanti Nur , Cahyaningrum Descha Giatri , Rohmah Rizqa Yuhda
Published: April 2023

Pada hasil kegiatan pemuliaan yang sebelumnya telah dilaksanakan, diperoleh Klon unggul harapan tebu SB 01, SB 03, SB 12. Klon tebu tersebut memerlukan pengujian lanjut sehingga didapatkan calon varietas unggul baru. Hasil analisa regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa rendemen, hablur, dan bobot tebu pada Klon SB 01, SB 03 dan SB 12 memiliki nilai sig berturut-turut 0,54 ; 0,89 ; 0,69 yang menunjukkan bahwa tetua tidak berpengaruh terhadap hasil parameter rendemen, hablur ataupun bobot tebu Klon. Koefisien keragaman fenotip pada rendemen termasuk dalam kriteria agak rendah sedangkan hablur dan bobot tebu memiliki kriteria tinggi. Koefisien keragaman genetik rendemen termasuk kategori tinggi, hablur memilki kriteria rendah sedangkan bobot tebu memiliki kriteria agak rendah. Rendemen memiliki nilai duga heritabilitas arti luas yang tinggi sehingga faktor genetik memiliki pengaruh tinggi dari pada faktor lingkungan, sedangkan hablur dan bobot tebu memiliki nilai duga heritabilitas rendah sehingga faktor lingkungan memiliki pengaruh lebih tinggi dari pada faktor genetik. Klon SB 01 memiliki kecenderungan mewarisi karakter morfologi dengan varietas VMC71/238 dengan potensi produksi brix 22%, bobot Klon 1.069 ku/ha, rendemen 8,14% dan hablur 86,23 ku/ha. Klon SB 03 memiliki kecenderungan mewarisi karakter morfologi dengan varietas Cening dengan potensi produksi brix 23%, bobot Klon 1.069 ku/ha, rendemen 8,14% dan hablur 86,23 ku/ha. Klon SB 12 memiliki kecenderungan mewarisi persamaan karakter morfologi dengan varietas PSBM 90-1 dengan potensi produksi brix 23%, bobot Klon 1.196 ku/ha, rendemen 9,05 % dan hablur 108,27 ku/ha.
Gambaran Perlukaan Jenazah di Bagian Forensik RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Periode 2019-2021
Authors: Samantha Samantha , Susanti Rika , Adrial Adrial
Published: April 2023

Latar Belakang: Kekerasan merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbesar di dunia. Kekerasan dapat dibuktikan dengan menemukan tanda-tanda kekerasan pada jenazah yang tergambarkan dari jenis luka yang ditemukan. Jenis kekerasan dapat berupa kekerasan mekanik, fisika, maupun kimia. Berbagai data terkait usia, jenis kelamin, sampai pendapatan negara juga berhubungan dengan kejadian luka dan kekerasan.
Objektif: Untuk mengetahui gambaran perlukaan jenazah di Bagian Forensik RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Periode 2019– 2021.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif retrospektif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Sampel berupa Visum et Repertum jenazah dengan perlukaan yang tercatat di Bagian Forensik RSUP M.Djamil Padang periode 2019– 2021. Analisis data secara univariat.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian pada 77 VeR jenazah dengan perlukaan mendapatkan total luka sebanyak 1.463 buah dan jenis kekerasan sebanyak 83 buah. Kelompok usia terbanyak yaitu kelompok usia 30–59 tahun (42,9%), jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki (77,9%), agama terbanyak adalah islam (96,1%), jenazah paling banyak merupakan golongan pelajar (19,5%), alamat terbanyak berasal dari Kota Padang (28,6%) dengan jenis kedatangan terbanyak merupakan rujukan dari fasilitas kesehatan lain (71,4%). Jenis luka terbanyak adalah luka lecet (58,2%), luka memar (19,2%), dan luka terbuka tepi tidak rata (11,6%). Jenis kekerasan terbanyak adalah kekerasan tumpul (92,8%).
Kesimpulan: Jenazah dengan perlukaan terbanyak berada pada kelompok usia 30–59 tahun, lebih banyak laki-laki daripada perempuan, mayoritas jenazah menganut agama Islam, paling banyak merupakan golongan pelajar, dan alamat terbanyak berasal dari Kota Padang dengan jenis kedatangan paling banyak adalah rujukan dari fasilitas kesehatan lain. Jenis luka terbanyak adalah luka lecet, diikuti luka memar, dan luka terbuka tepi tidak rata dengan penyebab luka terbanyak adalah kekerasan tumpul.
Peran Odontologi Forensik dalam Mengungkap Identitas Jenazah yang Tidak Dikenal
Authors: Anisa Nur , Koerniati Isnindiah , Hidayat Taufik
Published: April 2023

Latar belakang: Odontologi forensik merupakan salah satu metode untuk mengidentifikasi jenazah dalam bidang forensik. Metode tersebut terbukti lebih mudah, cepat, dan biaya yang dikeluarkan lebih sedikit.
Objektif: Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran odontologi forensik dalam mengungkap identitas jenazah yang tidak dikenal.
Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui database elektronik Pubmed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan Proquest. Berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, literatur terpilih dinilai kelayakannya menggunakan kuesioner Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP checklist) dan The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI checklist) yang disesuaikan dengan desain masing-masing literatur.
Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 35 literatur. Odontologi forensik berperan dalam mengidentifikasi perkiraan usia, jenis kelamin, ras, dan kelainan yang terdapat pada gigi. Identifikasi gigi menggunakan rugoscopy, cheiloscopy, bekas gigitan, cetakan gigi, radiografi, studi fotografi, ameloglyphics, dan metode molekuler.
Kesimpulan: Dari hasil studi literatur ini disimpulkan bahwa odontologi forensik berperan penting dalam mengidentifikasi jenazah yang tidak dikenal. Keberhasilan identifikasi ini tergantung pada kelengkapan catatan gigi antemortem dan postmortem.
Hubungan Jumlah Trombosit dengan Stadium Karsinoma Nasofaring di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Reyani Nadhifa Naura , Rahman Sukri , Muhammad Syamel
Published: April 2023

Latar Belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring merupakan keganasan paling umum dan sangat invasif, serta menempati peringkat keempat untuk kanker tersering yang terjadi di Indonesia. Beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan pasien diketahui memiliki pengaruh dalam hasil pengobatan, salah satunya jumlah trombosit. Jumlah trombosit yang tinggi sebelum terapi merupakan indikator prognosis buruk dan metastasis jauh pada karsinoma nasofaring.
Objektif: Mengetahui hubungan jumlah trombosit dengan stadium karsinoma nasofaring di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan metode cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data rekam medis pasien karsinoma nasofaring tahun 2015-2020 di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Data yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini akan dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan uji pearson chi-square. Kemaknaan statistik ditentukan jika nilai p<0,05 (IK 95%).
Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan 101 sampel dan sebagian besar penderita karsinoma nasofaring adalah laki-laki (60,4%). Penderita paling banyak memiliki usia di atas 40 tahun (76,2%) dan stadium IV merupakan stadium terbanyak. Sebagian besar sampel memiliki jumlah trombosit >300×109/L (67,3%) dengan rerata 369×109/L. Jumlah trombosit yang tinggi didapatkan paling banyak pada stadium lanjut. Hasil dari analisis bivariat antara jumlah trombosit dengan stadium karsinoma nasofaring yaitu p=0,308 (p>0,05).
Kesimpulan: tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jumlah trombosit dengan stadium karsinoma nasofaring.
Insulation Materials Based on Recycled Feather Waste: A Review
Authors: Alsamaraie Abdulmunem R. Abdulmunem , Samin Pakharuddin Mohd , Mazali Izhari Izmi , Jadallah Abdullateef A. , Sultan Khalid F.
Published: April 2023

Recently, the world has been moving towards reusing wastes in many industrial applications, such as buildings and automotive, to eliminate the environmental pollution impact due to increasing waste worldwide. Besides, waste reuse also leads to cost savings and improves sustainability. Therefore, this short review aims to present and discuss the recently used methods of utilizing feather waste as sustainable and renewable insulation instead of traditional petroleum-derived materials. The father's low thermal conductivity ranges from 0.024 W/(m. K) to 0.034 W/(m. K), and it's chemical composition and microstructure effectively trap air and produce a good barrier. So, feather waste fibers can be used as an effective thermal and acoustic insulation material with the same or better performance than commercially available products. However, several significant barriers and limitations associated with the manufacturing process of feathers insulations were identified in this review. These limitations make the commercial development of insulation materials based on feather waste a challenge. They need to be appropriately addressed to realize the potential of feather waste as a reliable insulation material.
Multiobjective Design of Gravity-Assist Trajectories via Graph Transcription and Dynamic Programming
Authors: Bellome Andrea , Sánchez Joan-Pau , Felicetti Leonard , Kemble Stephen
Published: April 2023

Multiple gravity-assist (MGA) trajectory design requires the solution of a mixed-integer programming problem to find the best sequence among all possible combinations of candidate planets and dates for spacecraft maneuvers. Current approaches require computing times rising steeply with the number of control parameters, and they strongly rely on narrow search spaces. Moreover, the challenging multiobjective optimization needs to be tackled to appropriately inform the mission design with full extent of launch opportunities. This paper describes a methodology based upon a trajectory model to transcribe the mixed-integer space into a discrete graph made by grids of interconnected nodes. The model is based on Lambert arc grids obtained for a range of departure dates and flight times between two planets. A Tisserand-based criterion selects planets to pass by. Dynamic programming is extended to multiobjective optimization of MGA trajectories and used to explore the graph, guaranteeing Pareto optimality with only moderate computational effort. Robustness is ensured by evaluating the relationship between graph and mixed-integer spaces. Missions to Jupiter and Saturn alongside challenging comet sample return transfers involving long MGA sequences are discussed. These examples illustrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed approach in capturing globally optimal solutions and wide Pareto fronts on complex search spaces.
Unified-Loop Structured H-Infinity Control for Aerodynamic Steering of Reusable Rockets
Authors: Sagliano Marco , Hernández José A. Macés , Farì Stefano , Heidecker Ansgar , Schlotterer Markus , Woicke Svenja , Seelbinder David , Krummen Sven , Dumont Etienne
Published: April 2023

This paper investigates the use of structured robust techniques for the control design of the aerodynamic descent phase of a reusable rocket. A unified control strategy based on the use of linear-time-invariant structured [Formula: see text] controllers for both attitude and position is proposed and verified in both frequency and time domains. The architecture of the controller and the observed performance are discussed. Moreover, the nonlinear behavior of the control strategy is analyzed by looking at both the gain-scheduling law in conditions of plant-controller misalignment through the use of misalignment matrices, and simulation results obtained with a high-fidelity, nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom closed-loop model in perturbed conditions. All the results are based on Cooperative Action Leading to Launcher Innovation in Stage Tossback Operations (CALLISTO), a reusable rocket demonstrator jointly developed by German Aerospace Center (DLR), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and National Centre for Space Studies (CNES).
Vortex Identification and Quantification on Blunt Trailing-Edge Rotor Blades in Reverse Flow
Authors: Wild Oliver D. , Jones Anya R.
Published: April 2023

An inherent aerodynamic limitation of high-advance-ratio high-speed helicopters is reverse flow on the retreating blades, which can be a source of several unsteady effects, like vortex formation, that reduce rotor performance. The current study is the first detailed comparison of a rotor with a conventional, sharp trailing-edge NACA 0012 airfoil section with one equipped with a blunt-edge elliptical airfoil section. The aim was to detect and quantify vortex formation in reverse flow using planar particle image velocimetry on a subscale, low-Reynolds-number rotor rig in a water tank. The investigated blade azimuth angles ranged from 240 to 300 deg for advance ratios between 0.40 and 1.00 at pitch angles from 13 to 25 deg. Four main vortex structures were detected. At the aerodynamic leading edge, a strong interference of the tip vortex with the reverse-flow dynamic stall vortex was identified when blade flapping was restricted. Dynamic stall vortices advect closer to the blade surface for the blunt elliptical airfoil, thus reducing the wake area in reverse flow. Blade pitch kinematics govern the reverse-flow entrance-vortex strength and coherency. A coherent vortex street or wake sheet forms at the aerodynamic trailing edge of either airfoil. Overall, the vortex structures that form on the ellipse are more coherent than those on the NACA 0012. The current study highlights the significance of airfoil geometry, specifically the trailing-edge curvature, of an airfoil on the resulting vortex structures in reverse flow, strongly affecting the rotor performance at high advance ratios.
Numerical Analysis of Airfoil Flow Control Using a Nanosecond Pulsed Plasma Actuator
Authors: Aslani Roozbeh , Krieger Michael , Gittler Philipp
Published: April 2023

The control mechanism of a nanosecond dielectric barrier discharge (NS-DBD) actuator for suppressing laminar separation on airfoils was investigated using two-dimensional scale-adaptive simulations. To model the control effect of the NS-DBD actuator, a surface heating approach based on the analytical solution for transient one-dimensional heat conduction has been used. The focus of the investigation lies in the study of vortex formation and evolution induced by the actuator. A NACA 0015 profile was simulated at 14° with 250,000 chord-based Reynolds number. Regarding energy deposition, a low-energy case and a high-energy case were simulated. Several actuation parameters were varied, including the electrode position and surface temperature. In addition, the influence of constant and temperature-dependent modeling of the kinematic viscosity was investigated. The results for the time-averaged pressure coefficients show excellent agreement with measurement results. High grid resolution in the boundary layer allowed a detailed investigation of the vortex formation process. The main finding is that vortices are generated by baroclinic torque and vortex dilatation and not by a Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. Initially, tiny vortices form at the beginning of the separation region. Subsequently, these vortices are carried downstream and grow in size, thus preventing full separation due to momentum transfer from the external flow.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning terhadap Keterampilan Kolaboratif dan Komunikasi Sains pada Materi Sistem Ekskresi di Kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 1 Ciamis
Authors: Pertiwi Nadira Rasya , Sabila Hilda Novia , Sintawati Anita
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan model pembelajaran problem-based learning dalam meningkatkan keterampilan kolaboratif dan komunikasi sains peserta didik kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 1 Ciamis pada materi gangguan sistem ekskresi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi partisipasi pasif, kuisioner, dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data kemampuan abad 21 yang meliputi aspek kolaboratif dan komunikasi sains menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I diperoleh persentase sebesar 67% yang berarti tingkat kolaborasi peserta didik termasuk ke dalam kategori kolaboratif dan pada siklus II diperoleh persentase sebesar 83% yang berarti tingkat kolaborasi peserta didik termasuk ke dalam kategori sangat kolaboratif. Sedangkan untuk keterampilan komunikasi sains diperoleh persentase sebesar 65% yang tergolong kategori baik. Hasil persentase tersebut menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran problembased learning mampu meningkatkan kemampuan abad 21 diantaranya keterampilan kolaboratif dan komunikasi sains.
Autumn moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) new for the fauna of Kunashir Island
Authors:   Federal State Institution ", Dubatolov V.V. ,   Zapovednoe Priamurye",   , Yubileinaya street, 8, Bychikha village, Khabarovskii krai, 680502, Russia,   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze str. 11, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia, Zinchenko V.K ,   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze str. 11, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia, Ustjuzhanin P.Ya. ,   Altai State University, Lenin str. 61, Barnaul, 656049, Russia,   Biological Institute, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Prospekt, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
Published: April 2023

Three species, Epinotia autumnalis Oku, 2005 (Tortricidae), Deuterogonia kamonjii Fujisawa, 1991 (Oecophoridae) and Blenina senex (Butler, 1878) (Nolidae), are recorded from Russia for the first time. Thirty four moth and butterfly species are new for the fauna of Kunashir Island.
Access to academic heritage: ENC theses available online
Authors: Carette Camille
Published: April 2023

Led by the library of the French School École nationale des chartes (ENC), ThENC@ is a multi-layered project whose aim is to digitize and upload onto a single online platform academic works, the particularity of which is that these theses written by the School archivists-paleographers are not actually held by the School library. This project addresses the issues of digitization and restoration of documents, constitution of a corpus when the physical documents are not stored in a single place, copyright and open access, metadata work, and creation of a digital library. It shows the important role of libraries in accessing both old and recent academic works online.
Purchase on demand via interlibrary loan
Authors: Van den Avijle Jennifer , Maggiore Luca
Published: April 2023

A library cannot and should not purchase every book ever published. It should however nurture a collection development policy guided by the needs of the patrons and environment in which it operates. Interlibrary loan offers patrons an affordable, easy and quick way to meet the most pressing needs where hiatuses in the collection are concerned. However, international loan requests for books can be costly and have a high delivery runtime with only a short lending period. Purchasing these titles rather than requesting them can turn out to be more cost- and time effective. In addition, adding requested titles to the collection is a sure way of developing the collection based on actual needs. The University of Antwerp Library implemented a Purchase on Demand pilot in 2018. This paper presents our findings after four years of POD-ILL as an additional acquisition model and partial alternative to international ILL. We provide a short introduction on the concept of POD-ILL and take a closer look at the collection purchased through POD-ILL. As expected, most purchases were made for the faculties of Law and Social Sciences and the departments of History and Literature. As an alternative to international ILL, the main benefit is the extended loan due to an owned versus lent copy. Our yearly budget was more than sufficient to cover the cost, which has provided some leeway in the purchase strategy and parameters. We have recently opted for inclusion of study books that are in high demand.
The gentle art of giving and receiving
Authors: Preiß Florian
Published: April 2023

Deutsches Museum library is one of the largest collections of literature on the history of science and technology. It shares its resources to a broad audience by interlibrary loan and document delivery. The latter is carried out as part of the Subito library network. Also, to share its collection online, the museum library takes part in the platform Deutsches Museum Digital.
Optically distinguishable electronic spin isomers of a stable organic diradical
Authors: Shimizu Daiki , Sotome Hikaru , Miyasaka Hiroshi , Matsuda Kenji
Published: April 2023

Herein, we demonstrate a model of electronic spin isomers, the electronic counterpart of nuclear spin isomers, by employing a through-space conjugated stable organic diradical. We investigated a benzotriazinyl radical dimer linked via triptycene skeleton. The diradical has a small singlet–triplet energy gap of -3.0 kJ/mol, indicating ca. 1:1 coexistence of the two spin states at room temperature. The diradical at room temperature shows characteristic near-IR absorption bands around 500–900 nm, which is absent for the corresponding mono-radical subunit. Variable temperature measurement revealed that the absorbance of the NIR band depends on the abundance of the singlet state, and we assigned the NIR band as the singlet-specific absorption band. It enables photoexciting one of the two spin states coexisting in thermal equilibrium. Ultrafast transient spectroscopy disclosed that the two spin-states independently follow qualitatively different excited-state dynamics. Namely, the singlet excited state undergoes intramolecular symmetry-breaking charge transfer, and the triplet excited state goes exciton fusion to form a monomer-like excited state. These results demonstrate optically distinguishable spin isomers.
Two modes of fusogenic action for influenza virus fusion peptide
Authors: Michalski Michal , Setny Piotr
Published: April 2023

The entry of influenza virus into the host cell requires fusion of its lipid envelope with the host membrane. It is catalysed by viral hemagglutinin protein, whose fragments called fusion peptides become inserted into the target bilayer and initiate its merging with the viral membrane. Isolated fusion peptides are already capable of inducing lipid mixing between liposomes. Years of studies indicate that upon membrane binding they form bend helical structure whose degree of opening fluctuates between tightly closed hairpin and an extended boomerang. The actual way in which they initiate fusion remains elusive. In this work we employ atomistic simulations of wild type and fusion inactive W14A mutant of influenza fusion peptides confined between two closely apposed lipid bilayers. We characterise peptide induced membrane perturbation and determine the potential of mean force for the formation of the first fusion intermediate, an interbilayer lipid bridge called stalk. Our results demonstrate two routes through which the peptides can lower free energy barrier towards fusion. The first one assumes peptides capability to adopt transmembrane configuration which subsequently promotes the creation of a stalk-hole complex. The second involves surface bound peptide configuration and proceeds owing to its ability to stabilise stalk by fitting into the region of extreme negative membrane curvature resulting from its formation. In both cases, the active peptide conformation corresponds to tight helical hairpin, whereas extended boomerang geometry appears to be unable to provide favourable thermodynamic effect. The latter observation offers plausible explanation for long known inactivity of boomerang-stabilising W14A mutation.
La ingeniería financiera del tercer milenio
Authors: Cáceres R. Augusto
Published: April 2023

La ingeniería financiera toma actualmente importancia como uno de los ejes de la estrategia corporativa en la industria. La rentabilidad  de la empresa ya no es función exclusiva del área de producción, por el contrario, depende de la forma  en que el área de finanzas, mercadontecnia y operaciones planifiquen  y coordinen sus estrategias.
arfAantisense RNA regulates MscL excretory activity
Authors: Morra Rosa , Pratama Fenryco , Butterfield Thomas , Tomazetto Geizecler , Young Kate , Lopez Ruth , Dixon Neil
Published: April 2023

Excretion of cytoplasmic protein (ECP) is a commonly observed phenomenon in bacteria, and this partial extracellular localisation of the intracellular proteome has been implicated in a variety of stress response mechanisms. In response to hypoosmotic shock and ribosome stalling inEscherichia coli, ECP is dependent upon the presence of the large-conductance mechanosensitive channel and the alternative ribosome–rescue factor A gene products. However, it is not known if a mechanistic link exists between the corresponding genes and the respective stress response pathways. Here, we report that the correspondingmscLandarfAgenes are commonly co-located on the genomes of Gammaproteobacteria and display overlap in their respective 3′ UTR and 3′ CDS. We show this unusual genomic arrangement permits an antisense RNA–mediated regulatory control betweenmscLandarfA, and this modulates MscL excretory activity inE. coli. These findings highlight a mechanistic link between osmotic, translational stress responses and ECP inE. coli, further elucidating the previously unknown regulatory function ofarfAsRNA.
Constitutional law on social security: individual problems of law enforcement practice (on the example of a monthly allowance in connection with the birth and upbringing of children)
Authors:   Irkutsk Law Institute (branch) University of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation, Ivanova E. L.
Published: April 2023

The article describes the shortcomings of the legal regulation of the procedure for making a decision by the authorized body on the appointment (refusal to appoint) a monthly allowance in connection with the birth and upbringing of a child. The author examines the history of the introduction of social support measures in the form of monthly payments for families with children aged 8 to 17 years, analyzes the legislative changes that occurred in December 2022 on the issue under study. Based on the problems of calculating the average per capita family income identified in the analysis of law enforcement practice, which, despite the amendments made in the legislation, have not been eliminated to date, the final part of the article makes proposals to adjust certain provisions of the rules established at the federal level governing the procedure for assigning and paying monthly allowances in connection with the birth and upbringing of a child.
Features of inheritance law in Germany at the end of the XIX century
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kolosok S. V.
Published: April 2023

The features of inheritance in Germany under the Civil Code of 1896 are investigated. The doctrines of inheritance and types of inheritance under German law of the late nineteenth century are analyzed. The purpose of the hereditary reform of the Civil Code in the German Empire is analyzed and the conclusion is substantiated that it consisted in overcoming the diversity of hereditary systems of the German lands. It is summarized that this goal was achieved as a result of the formation of a unified system of norms, which was based on the traditions of German law, and also sufficiently took into account the interests of the emerging bourgeoisie. As a result of the reform, hereditary fragmentation in Germany was overcome, including in connection with an integrated approach to the regulation of hereditary relations. Conclusions are presented regarding the peculiarities of the regulation of inheritance law under the German Civil Code of 1896, which were distinguished by a visible contradiction between the preservation of orders having feudal features (in the field of land ownership) and capitalist (in the field of inheritance by will). It is also revealed that the inheritance law of the late nineteenth century contributed to the strengthening of the economic position of the Prussian burghers and contributed to the formation and strengthening of large capital in the German Empire.
Disgorgement of profits: analysis of judicial practice
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Mayorova L. A.
Published: April 2023

The rule of disgorgement of profits is set out in paragraph 2 of Article 15(2) of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter – Civil Code) as a general remedy. Disgorgement of profits is called this rule in common law countries. It is analyzed. The idea of equity is a basis to force a person who has violated someone’s right to transfer the unlawful profit from such a violation to the plaintiff. The idea that an offender is not allowed to benefit from unlawful or dishonest conduct is supported by judicial practice and doctrine, and is enshrined in Article 1(4) of the Civil Code. There is little practice in applying this rule. Examples include violations of intellectual property rights, other absolute rights, negative confidentiality obligations, contracts, etc. In other cases, disgorgement of profits may arise from the specifics of the violated responsibility. The practice of disgorgement of profits from violation of fiduciary duties is considered. It is established that the nature of disgorgement of profits by violating someone’s right is not certain. The law uses the term «lost profits». Therefore, this institution can be interpreted as a way to calculate losses equal to profits. The defendant may refute this and provide evidence that the plaintiff himself would not have made such a profit. Is it allowed however to take all the profits from the defendant, if the plaintiff has no damages, and the defendant’s profit is large? Should the full profit of the defendant from the violation of the plaintiff’s right belong only to the plaintiff? It is possible to limit the compensatory nature of civil liability and to highlight its preventive and punitive function in the case of «cynical» violations.
Criminal-legal limits of expressing one’s opinion
Authors:   Volgodonsk District Prosecutor’s Office, Kamennova V. V. ,   Saratov State Law Academy
Published: April 2023

In the age of the Internet, the question of defining the limits of expression in the media, in particular on the Internet, is particularly relevant. With the advent of the digital era, more and more attention is paid to crimes occurring not in reality, but in the network, and extremism becomes a phenomenon that steadily pops up in the news feeds. High-profile cases in which law enforcement officials are trying to prosecute for inciting hatred for images, reps and likes demonstrate the need to distinguish between expression and extremism. The main difficult issues of estimation of such crimes are considered: the vague framework of the main «extremist» clauses (280 and 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), used as a pretext for restricting the activity of citizens by law enforcement agencies, the actions of which sometimes do not correspond to a potential threat; the difficulties with the definition of extremism itself and, as a consequence, the possibility to place under its concept any material; the subjective nature of linguistic expertise, in which the views of experts may be the opposite. It was noted that, as a result, an unlawful decision can significantly complicate a person’s life, since recognition of the activities as extremist brings a number of additional restrictions: economic, political, labour. In this regard, it is argued that it is necessary to distinguish between mere expression of opinion and actual incitement to hatred. However, it is also noted that a clear legislative distinction is questionable against the background of precedents that have already occurred. It concluded that criminal prosecution for opinions on the Internet should be the exception, not the rule.
SFÂNTUL CIPRIAN AL CARTAGINEI, EPISTOLA: DE MORTALITATE - DESPRE CONDIȚIA MURITOARE A OMULUI. TRADUCERE, INTRODUCERE ȘI NOTE
Authors: BUGIULESCU Marin
Published: April 2023

The epistle "On the Mortality" written in 252 AD, by St. Cyprian of Carthage is his most original moral writing. The Christians of the first centuries went through various plagues or epidemics, in which moments they proved the power of the faith by taking care of each other, without abandoning the sick. This prompted Saint Cyprian to write a work entitled De mortalitate. Plague reached a widespread, lasting from the year 251 until 254. The world was panicked. The epistle De mortalitate "On the Mortality" is addressed to Christians, through which he awakens in them the hope in future goodness and a dignified attitude towards death, which is a passage from exile to the heavenly homeland. In fact, the epistle „De mortalitate” contains an admirable doctrine of suffering and death, viewed from Christian viewpoint. This epistle is very actual for the contemporary time because we know the attitude of the Christians facing the epidemic and even more than the power of the faith assumed, all that is well affirmed for the current time, in the context marked by the Covid-19 pandemic.
Scenario of Wind Energy in India - A Review
Authors: Abhishek Kandwal
Published: April 2023

The energy that's generated by the moving wind is named as "wind energy." It's abundantly available within nature. In India, grid-connected wind power generation has now gained a high level of attention and acceptability as compared to other renewable technologies available in the country. Many developed and developing countries are now captivated by wind energy to fulfil many important aspects such as irrigation and electricity generation in remote areas. It's a clean source of energy, which has upmost importance within the growing rate of industrialization, agricultural development, etc. India has the fifth-largest installed alternative energy capacity. India has about 7% alternative energy installations, and about 2–3% of the whole energy generation is from wind. This paper will describe India's wind generation potential as well as the global status of wind energy. The objective of this study is to look at the present developments that have been made in India in the field of renewable energy and to analyze the future of our country in this world.
Factors associated with suicidal behavior in graduate students: a scoping review
Authors: Kogien Moisés , Marcon Samira Reschetti , Oliveira Angellica Fernandes de , Leite Vanessa Ferraz , Modena Camille Francine , Nascimento Frantiellen Castor dos Santos
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Mapear as evidências científicas sobre os fatores associados ao comportamento suicida de estudantes da pós-graduação stricto sensu. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo sistematizada pelas diretrizes do Joanna Briggs Institute e realizada nos repositórios SCOPUS, LILACS, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycInfo, OATD e BDTD-CAPES. Foram selecionados e analisados materiais bibliográficos que apresentaram fatores associados ao comportamento suicida para estudantes da pós-graduação stricto sensu. Resultados: Sete materiais bibliográficos atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade desta revisão. A maioria abordou fatores de risco para comportamentos suicidas, com ênfase insuficiente em fatores protetivos.  Conclusão: Foram identificados como fatores associados ao comportamento suicida na pós-graduação variáveis de saúde, psicológicas, sociodemográficas, relacionais e do contexto acadêmico. Essa revisão destaca a incipiência da produção científica nesse campo de saber e a necessidade de se dar maior ênfase e visibilidade a essa problemática.
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep of students from an African-Brazilian international cooperation university
Authors: Franco Ana Lydia Costa , Desiderio Gabriel Alves , Martins Francisco Iuri da Silva , Martins José Aurelio de Almeida , Morais Jairo Domingos de , Felipe Gilvan Ferreira
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa buscou avaliar os impactos da pandemia do vírus SARS-CoV-2 no sono de acadêmicos de universidade do interior do Ceará. Métodos: Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa, com abordagem analítica, realizada em 2022, por intermédio de um questionário sociodemográfico associado ao instrumento de análise da qualidade do sono. Participaram do estudo 225 estudantes maiores de 18 anos e com matrícula ativa nos cursos de graduação da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB). O questionário foi disponibilizado via e-mail. A análise foi realizada por meio de frequências absolutas e relativas das variáveis, além de medidas de tendência central e de dispersão. Resultados: A partir da análise dos dados, percebeu-se que, quando comparado o percentual da qualidade do sono de antes da pandemia (44,0%) com aquele durante o período pandêmico (25,8%), no segundo caso houve diminuição desta boa qualidade, podendo estar relacionada à dificuldade de adormecer ou à insônia. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a qualidade do sono foi significativamente impactada, de modo negativo, durante a pandemia, sendo ainda possivelmente prejudicial ao desenvolvimento e rendimento acadêmico dos estudantes.
Scoping protocol review: PRISMA-ScR guide refinement
Authors: Mattos Samuel Miranda , Cestari Virna Ribeiro Feitosa , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães
Published: April 2023

Objective: To clarify information about the PRISMA-ScR checklist and provide detailed guidance on items for improvement of the scoping review protocol. Methods: Literature review, with analysis of studies related to the topic, via the PubMed portal and the Joanna Briggs Institute website, in August 2022. A synthesis of the findings and recommendations for refinement of the method description were performed. Results: The analyzed material enabled the elaboration of recommendations for improvement of the protocol in seven items of PRISMA-ScR: Title, Summary, Objectives, Research, Selection of sources of evidence, Summary of results, and Expected results. Conclusion: By highlighting and clarifying the phases of the construction of the scoping review protocol, based on PRISMA ScR, we obtained the construction of a transparent and reproducible model.