bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of some novel azido- and tetrazoloquinoline-3-carbonitriles and their conversion into 2,4-diaminoquinoline-3-carbonitriles
Authors: Mekheimer Ramadan Ahmed , Elgemeie Galal Hamza , Kappe Thomas
Published: December 2009

Quinoline-3-carbonitriles carrying amino groups at the 2- and/or 4-position have been prepared via the corresponding azido- or tetrazolo-quinolines, through the intermediacy of phosphazenes.
The synthesis of thiobisphenols from 3-alkylphenols derived from natural phenolic lipids
Authors: Tyman John H. P. , Johnson Robert A.
Published: December 2009

3-Alkylphenols derived from renewable natural resources have been used to synthesise thiobisphenols by reaction with sulfur dichloride. In contrast to previous work, we have found that 3-alkylphenols give isomeric products, the major symmetrical, the 4,4′-thiobis compound, the minor symmetrical, 2,2′-thiobisphenol, and some of the believed unsymmetrical isomer. The role of the solvent and catalyst have been studied in the reaction of 3-pentadecylphenol with sulfur dichloride. Evidence for the structures of the 2,2′ and 4,4′ isomers has been obtained from related reactions of 4-bromo-3-methylphenol, 2-bromo-5-methylphenol and their chloro analogues.
Hydrolysis of phosphate diester catalysed by transition metal complexes of a salicylaldimine Schiff base bearing dibenzo-18-crown-6
Authors: Zhang Jin , Xie Jia-qing , Tang Ying , Li Jun , Li Jian-zhang , Zeng Wei , Hu Chang-wei
Published: December 2009

A new crowned Schiff base ligand and its cobalt(II) and manganese(III) complexes were synthesised and characterised. These complexes were used to catalyse the hydrolysis of bis(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP) in order to mimic the action of hydrolytic metalloenzymes. The kinetics and the mechanism of the titled reactions were investigated. The change of the characteristic ultraviolet spectra of the reaction systems was also analysed. A kinetic mathematical model of BNPP cleavage catalysed by the complexes is proposed. The function of the crown ether ring and the effects of the reaction conditions on the catalytic hydrolysis of BNPP are discussed.
Stereoselective synthesis of (3E)-2-stannyl-1,3-dienes via palladium catalysed cross-coupling reactions
Authors: Cai Mingzhong , Li Haigen , Hao Wenyan
Published: December 2009

Hydrozirconation of terminal alkynes 1 gives (E)-alkenylzirconium complexes 3, which when cross-coupled with α-iodoethenylstannanes 4 in the presence of [Pd(PPh3)4] catalyst afford stereoselectively (3E)-2-stannyl-1,3-dienes 5 in good yields.
Synthesis and conformations of novel diamide-bridged homooxacalix[3]arenes
Authors: Liu Shilan , Gong Shuling , Zheng Qin , Chen Yuanyin , Wu Xiaojun
Published: December 2009

A series of novel di-O-bridged homooxacalix[3]arenes and their esters and acylamides have been synthesised. A full account of the synthesis, conformational features of these compounds is provided.
Crystal Structure of 4-Hydroxy-2-Methyl-5H-Naphtho[1′,2′:5,6]Pyrano [4,3-b]Pyridin-5-One: A New Heterohelicene
Authors: Kettmann Viktor , Světlík Jan
Published: December 2009

X-ray analysis of the title compound reveals that the molecule relieves steric strain in the fjord region by small adjustments of some bonding parameters rather than any remarkable helical twist. The results show that a (C–)H···N contact shorter than the van der Waals radii of the H and N atoms is an energetically favourable interaction.
Synthesis of axially chiral dendrimers containing meta-terphenyl peripheral groups and a chiral binol core
Authors: Rajakumar Perumal , Srinivasan Kannupal , Periyasami Govindasamy
Published: December 2009

Fréchet-type poly(arylether) dendritic bromides carrying m-terphenyl peripheral groups were synthesised up to second generation by convergent methodology. Simple O-alkylation of chiral (S)-BINOL with the dendritic bromides afforded the corresponding axially chiral dendrimers. The molar optical rotation values of the dendrimers become increasingly negative as the dendrimer generation increases.
Synthesis of Spirocyclohexanone Ring Containing Thiazolidine Nucleus: A Regioselective Approach
Authors: Chande Madhukar S. , Suryanarayan Vijay
Published: December 2009

The paper highlights the Michael addition reactions of 2-arylimino-3-aryl-thiazolidin-4-one 1 with acceptors like methyl acrylate and acrylonitrile to furnish the diadducts 5 and 8. Dieckmann condensation of 5 affords the spirocyclohexanone derivative. Also discussed is the interaction of 1 with 1,5-diarylpenta-1,4-dien-3-ones 9.
Deprotection of Thioacetal Using 1-butyl-4-aza-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2] Octane Dichromate (BABOD) in the Presence of AlCl3
Authors: Hajipour Abdol R. , Bagheri Hamid , Ruoho Arnold E.
Published: December 2009

A variety of thioacetal (2) are deprotected to parent carbonyl compounds (3) using 1-butyl-4-aza-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2] octane dichromate (BABOD) (1) in the presence of AlCl3 in refluxing CH3CN.
Synthesis of Cycloheptane-1,2,3,4-tetraols as Cyclitol Mimetics
Authors: Şengül Mehmet Emin , Menzek Abdullah , Saraçoğlu Nurullah
Published: December 2009

Acidic hydrolysis and acetylation of epoxidation products 11a/b of 1,4-diacetoxy-2-cycloheptene afforded unsymmetrical 1,2,3,4-tetraacetoxycycloheptane (12). OsO4-cis-hydroxylation and acetylation of 1,4-diacetoxy-2-cycloheptene gave two symmetrical 1,2,3,4-tetraacetoxycycloheptanes (14/15). Deacetylation of 1,2,3,4-tetraacetoxy cycloheptanes gave cycloheptane-1,2,3,4-tetraols as cyclitol mimetics.
Mechanistic Study of Methane Reforming with Carbon Dioxide on a Supported Nickel Catalyst
Authors: Zi-Feng Yan , Ling Qian , Xin-Mei Liu , Lin-Hua Song , Chun-Min Song , Rong-Gang Ding , An Yuan , Ke Qiao
Published: December 2009

The nature of activation of methane on supported nickel catalyst has been investigated by means of temperature programmed surface reaction (TPSR), temperature programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray photoelectron energy spectroscopy (XPS) and pulse reaction and a synergetic mechanism of carbon dioxide reforming with methane is tentatively postulated. TPSR, TPD and XPS results indicate that carbidic Cα, carbonaceous Cβ and carbidic clusters Cγ surface carbon species formed by decomposition of methane show different surface mobility, thermal stability and reactivity. Cα and Cβ species on the nickel surface are thermally unstable and can be rapidly converted into Cγ species upon increasing temperature. The carbidic carbon is a very active and important intermediate in carbon dioxide reforming with methane and the carbidic clusters Cγ species might be the precursor of the surface carbon deposition.
Use of Zeolites for Phthalocyanine Synthesis at Low Temperature
Authors: Kharisov Boris I. , Medina A.M. , de la Rosa Javier Rivera , Méndez U. Ortiz
Published: December 2009

Non-substituted phthalocyanines have been synthesised starting from phthalonitrile in various non-aqueous solvents in the presence of two different zeolites of the clinoptilolite type is studied. The zeolites are shown to be effective matrices for phthalonitrile cyclisation at relatively low temperatures (0–40°C).
An Environmentally Benign Synthesis of Flavones from 1,3-diketones Using Silica Gel Supported NaHSO4 catalyst
Authors: Kucukislamoglua Mustafa , Nebioglu Mehmet , Zengin Mustafa , Arslan Mustafa , Yayli Nurettin
Published: December 2009

A simple and enviromentaly benign method for synthesis of flavones is described via dehydrative cyclisation of o-hydroxydibenzoylmethane using silica gel supported NaHSO4 catalyst.
Polycyclic Furans from Condensations of Phenanthrene-9,10-quinone with Aryl Ethers and Phenol
Authors: Morrison Brian J. , Musgrave Oliver C.
Published: December 2009

Phenanthrene-9,10-quinone reacts with anisole in the presence of SnCl4.5H2O at 180 °C to give 11-methoxybenzo[b] phenanthro[9,10-d]furan and with veratrole to form both the 11,12-dimethoxy and the 10-monomethoxy analogues.
Synthesis and Structures of [(4-pyridylmethyl)oxy]tetrathiacalix[4]Arenes Derived from O-alkylation of Tetrathiacalix[4]Arene with 4-(chloromethyl)Pyridine
Authors: Casas Carol Pérez , Yamato Takehiko
Published: December 2009

O-Alkylation of the flexible tetrathiacalix[4]arenes 1 with 4-(chloromethyl)pyridine in the presence of Cs2CO3 gave tetra-O-alkylated products with 1,3-alternate and 1,2-alternate conformation.
One Pot Three Component Synthesis of 9-arylpolyhydroacridine Derivatives in an Ionic Liquid Medium
Authors: Li Yu-Ling , Zhang Mei-Mei , Wang Xiang-Shan , Shi Da-Qing , Tu Shu-Jiang , Wei Xian-Yong , Zong Zhi-Min
Published: December 2009

In this paper the preparation of 3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-9-aryl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10- decahydroacridin-1,8-dione derivatives from aromatic aldehydes, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3- cyclohexanedione and ammonium acetate in ionic liquids [bmim+][BF4-] is described. This new method has the advantages of easier work-up, milder reaction conditions, high yields and an environmentally benign procedure compared with other methods.
A Novel Reductive Cross-coupling Reaction of 2-nitrobenzoic Hydrazides and Aldehydes or Ketones Promoted by the Low-valence Titanium Reagent: An Access to 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,3,4-benzotriazepine-5-one Derivatives
Authors: Shi Daqing , Shi Chunling , Rong Liangce , Wang Juxian , Zhuang Qiya , Tu Shujiang
Published: December 2009

A short and facile synthesis of a series of 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,3,4-benzotriazepine-5-one derivatives was accomplished in good yields via the intermolecular reductive coupling reaction of 2-nitrobenzoic hydrazides and aldehydes or ketones promoted by the low-valence titanium reagent (TiCl4/Zn system). Structures were established on the basis of elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR spectra.
1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Synthesis of [1-[4-(thiazolyl/imidazothiazolyl/triazolyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-3,4-dicarboxylate esters from 3-(4-acetylphenyl)sydnone
Authors: Hunnur Raveendra K. , Latthe Prashant R. , Badami Bharati V.
Published: December 2009

Cycloaddition of 3-(4-acetylphenyl)sydnone (1) with DMAD gave dimethyl 1-(4-acetylphenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3,4-dicarboxylate (2), which on bromination yielded the corresponding monobromoacetyl (3) and dibromoacetyl (4) derivatives. Both compounds 3 and 4 on reaction with thiourea and thioacetamide afforded the 2-amino- (5) and the 2-methyl- (6) thiazole derivatives respectively, while compound 3 on reaction with 2-aminothiazole gave the imidazothiazole 7. Compound 3 was converted into its azide (8), which on 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with DMAD afforded the 1,2,3-triazole-4,5-dicarboxylate (9).
Synthesis of Unsymmetric Trisannelated Benzenes Using a SOCl2/EtOH Reagent
Authors: Hu Zhiguo , Dong Zhibing , Liu Jun , Liu Wenjie , Zhu Xinling
Published: December 2009

A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of unsymmetric trisannelated benzenes is presented. The dimers of cycloketones react with molecules of other cycloketones to form corresponding unsymmetric trisannelated benzenes in the presence of thionyl chloride in anhydrous ethanol.
Acid Catalysed Condensation of 2-hydroxy-2,2′-biindan-1,1′,3,3′-tetrone with Enols
Authors: Das Suven , Fröhlich Roland , Pramanik Animesh
Published: December 2009

Various enolic compounds such as acetyl acetone, ethyl- and methyl-acetoacetate condense with 2-hydroxy-2, 2′-biindan-1,1′,3,3′-tetrone 1 in acid medium to produce adducts, which preferentially remain in the hemi-ketal form as confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies. 1 is also found to undergo acid catalysed dimerisation to furnish a cage like adduct fabricated by ketal and hemi-ketal linkages.
DABCO–POCl3, a Mild Dehydrating Agent for the Preparation of Nitriles from Aldoximes
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Bakhtiari Khadijeh , Shoar Rahim Hekmat , Oskooie Hossein A.
Published: December 2009

DABCO–POCl3 was found to be an efficient reagent for the dehydration of aldoximes to nitriles under mild reaction conditions in excellent yields.
The Synthesis of Substituted Tetrahydro-1H-xanthen-1-ones and Xanthenes
Authors: Patil Mahesh L. , Borate Hanumant B.
Published: December 2009

A short and an efficient methodology for the synthesis of substituted tetrahydro-1H-1-xanthenones and xanthenes is described.
Study of Cyclic Derivatives of 1,2- and 1,3-aminoalcohols as Chiral Catalysts in Additions of Diethylzinc to Benzaldehyde
Authors: Hajji Chakib , Testa M. Luisa , Zaballos-García Elena , Sepúlveda-Arques Jose
Published: December 2009

The enantioselectivity of the addition reactions of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde in the presence of cyclic derivatives of 1,2- and 1,3-aminoalcohols as catalysts has been studied.
First Application of Ionic Liquid to Reactions Involving Organotellurium Compounds as Intermediates
Authors: Wang Lei , Huang Zhizhen
Published: December 2009

The condensation reaction of telluronium salts 1 with aldehydes and dibutyl telluride 4, bromide 5 with aldehyde 2 proceeded smoothly in the ionic solvent [bmim][BF4], affording a novel method for the stereoselective synthesis of (E)-α,β-unsaturated compounds 3 in high purity, excellent yields and high stereoselectivity.
Organic Reactivity in Ionic Liquids: Some Mechanistic Insights into Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
Authors: Lancaster N. Llewellyn
Published: December 2009

Ionic liquids have been advanced as alternative solvents for organic reactions. In this paper, the principal findings of studies on nucleophilic substitutions in ionic liquids are reviewed. Thus our examination of halides (Cl-, Br- and I) in a range of ionic liquids is combined with our study of amine nucleophilicity into a single narrative. There have been a few other quantitative studies of nucleophilic substitutions in ionic liquids, and the results of these studies are also summarised in this work. These data are compared to related reactions in molecular solvents, and used to show where ionic liquids do (and do not) offer advantages over molecular solvents for nucleophilic substitutions.
Aerobic Oxidative Coupling of 2-naphthols by Simple Copper Salts: A Highly Efficient Catalytic System in the Absence of Ligand or Carrier
Authors: Zhang Shi-Yong , Lan Jing-Bo , Su Xiao-Yu , Guo Sheng-Jin , Chen Li , You Jing-Song , Xie Ru-Gang
Published: December 2009

A ligand-free or carrier-free copper salt system that catalysed aerobic oxidative coupling of 2-naphthols has been established. 1,1′-Bi-2-naphthols were afforded in excellent yields in methanol in the presence of 5 mol % copper (| or ||) salts. The coupling reaction could also be performed very well in aqueous solvents.
Synthesis of (22R,23R)-22,23-epoxy-3β,5α-dihydroxystigmastan-6-one from Stigmasterol
Authors: Bernardo Yamilé , Alonso Esther , Coll Francisco , Coll-García Danahe , Pérez Carlos , Agüero Georgina
Published: December 2009

A new (22R,23R)-22,23-epoxy-3β,5α-dihydroxy-stigmastan-6-one brassinosteroid analogue has been synthesised from stigmasterol 1 and its activity as a plant growth promoter has been tested.
One pot Sonogashira-coupling/Wittig olefination procedures
Authors: Watanabe Masataka , Mataka Shuntaro , Thiemann Thies
Published: December 2009

Bromoarylcarbaldehydes, bromoheteroarylcarbaldehydes, and bromoalkenals can be subjected to a one pot Sonogashira coupling–Wittig olefination reaction to give easy access to molecules with extended pi-systems.
New Route Synthesis of Styryl Pyrones: High Yield Synthesis, Reactions and Spectral Properties of 2-Phenyl-6-Styryl-4-Pyrones
Authors: El-Ghanam Abdel Moneim
Published: December 2009

2-Phenyl-6-styryl-4-pyrone derivatives have been synthesised from the reaction of ethyl phenylpropiolate with benzylideneacetone derivatives in the presence of sodium ethoxide. Treatment of styrylpyrone with phosphorus pentasulfide gave the corresponding styrylpyran-4-thione which on treatment with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and aqueous methylamine afforded the corresponding oxime and 1-methyl-2-phenyl-6-styrylpyridine-4(1H)-thione, respectively. On the other hand, styrylpyran-4-thione reacted with malononitrile to give pyrolylidenemalononitrile which on treatment with bidentate reagents, hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, thiourea, and thiosemicarbazide afforded the corresponding styrylspiropyran derivatives of pyrazole, 1,2-oxazole or 1,3-thiazine, respectively.
Supported catalytic epoxidation of polyisobutylene with alkene chain ends
Authors: Cross Paul , Hunter Robert A. , Miller Christine , Fullwood Nigel , Rimmer Stephen
Published: December 2009

Polystyrene beads functionalised with cobalt acetylacetonate or 1-phenylacetylacetonate were used as catalysts in the aerobic epoxidation of oligoisobutylene with alkene chain ends. The beads were produced in a range of porosities (22–45 vol.%) and were fully characterised by SEM and porosimetry.
Lewis acid promoted radical annulation reaction of 2-bromopentenoyl-2-oxazolidinones with 1-hexene
Authors: Kavrakova Ivanka K.
Published: December 2009

Radical Lewis acid promoted annulation reaction of 2-bromopentenoyl-2-oxazolidinones with 1-hexene proceeded smoothly under mild conditions to give functionalised cyclopentane derivatives in good yield but with modest diastereoselectivity. Reductive debromination with tris(trimethylsilyl)silane, LiOOH hydrolysis and esterification provided cleanly the corresponding cyclopentaneacetic acid and its methyl ester.
Novel 6-substituted Pyrimidines and Pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidines from (2-acetamido-1,2-dicyanovinyl)Ammonium Chloride
Authors: Al-Azmi Amal
Published: December 2009

The reaction of triethyl orthoformate with 5-amino-6-ethoxy-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarbonitrile (5), available from DAMN via the ammonium salt 4, afforded iminoformate 6. The latter cyclised with aqueous ammonia or equimolar amounts of aryl/benzyl amines to give the corresponding pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidines 8, 9a–c. Reaction with excess of aqueous ethylamine, methylamine or benzylamine caused cyclisation with substitution of an ethoxy group to give 9d–f. Hydrolysis of compounds 8, 9a–b under acidic conditions gave the corresponding pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidones 10, 11a–b. Heating 4 to reflux in THF unexpectedly formed 5-amino-6-(4-chlorobutoxy)-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarbonitrile (12) and 5-amino-2-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-4-pyrimidinecarbonitrile (13). X-Ray crystallography established the structure of N-ethyl-N-(7-ethyl-8-imino-2-methyl-7,8-dihydropyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimid in-4-yl)amine (9e).
A New Cu(II) Bridging-carboxylate Helical Chain Polymer: Synthesis and Structural Aspects
Authors: Datta Amitabha , Dey Dilip Kumar , Hwang Wen-Shu , Matsushita Takayuki , Rosair Georgina
Published: December 2009

The crystal structure of a new Cu(II) carboxylato-bridged complex [Cu(L)(SCN)]n (1) [where HL = 2-N-(2′-pyridylimine)benzoic acid] forms a helical chain polymer chain. In 1, adjacent copper atoms are linked by carboxylate groups in a syn–anti conformation. The title complex was also characterised by elemental analysis, IR spectra, electronic spectra and variable temperature magnetic measurements.
Synthesis and Characterisation of P-perfluoro{-1-[2-(2-fluorosulfonylethoxy) Propoxy]}Ethylated Polystyrene
Authors: Yang Ji-Cheng , Ni Hong-Bo , Li Jin , Zhao Cheng-Xue , Zhang Yong-Ming
Published: December 2009

A new kind of fluorinated polystyrene bearing a p-perfluoro{-1-[2-(2-fluorosulfonyl)propoxy]}ethyl group has been synthesised by one-electron oxidation of polystyrene by perfluoro{2-[2-(2-fluorosulfonyl) propoxy]}propionyl peroxide at different peroxide to polystyrene molar ratios. The yield of ω–fluorosulfonyl perfluoroalkylation decreases with increase in the reactant molar ratio. The modified polymer was characterised by various techniques: the ring perfluoro{-1-[2-(2-fluorosulfonyl)propoxy]}ethylation was proved by FT-IR, 19F NMR and DSC; desulfonylation of the fluorinated polystyrene appearing at 126° has been found by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The contact angles of water on the surface of ω–fluorosulfonyl perfluoroalkylated polystyrene were determined.
Formation of Novel Pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]Thieno [2,3-e][1,2,4]Triazolo[4,3-c] Pyrimidines and their Acyclic C-Nucleosides Analogues: Synthesis of 3-(Alditol-1-yl)Pyridothienotriazolopyrimidines
Authors: Khattab Ahmed F. , El-Essawy Farag A.
Published: December 2009

A series of the hydrazones were prepared by the reaction of 4-hydrazino-7,9-dimethylpyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno [2,3-d]pyrimidine (1) with monosaccharides, and their acetylation was studied. The oxidative cyclisation of the hydrazones 3a–c gave 3-(Alditol-1-yl)-pyridothienotriazolopyrimidenes 5a–c, whose acetylation was carried out. Also, oxidative cyclisation of arylidenes 7a,b gave the pyridothienotriazolopyrimidines 8a,b.
Synthesis of β-amino-α-ferrocenyl alcohols
Authors: Zhao Hai-Ying , Bian Zhan-Xi , Li Bao-Guo
Published: December 2009

β-Amino-α-ferrocenyl alcohols [FcC(OH)(R)CH2NH2] (R = Me, Et, nPr, iPr, Ph, p-MeOC6H4, o-ClC6H4, m-ClC6H4, p-ClC6H4, Fc; Fc = C5H4FeC5H5) were prepared by the reduction of cyanohydrin trimethylsilyl ethers of acylferrocenes with lithium aluminum hydride. All new compounds were characterised by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The X-ray crystal structure of β-amino-α,α-diferrocenylethanol shows that it has a polymeric chain structure with hydrogen bonding interactions between the OH proton and the N of NH2.
The conformation of some estrane acetals
Authors: Yamamoto Chishou , Matsumoto Taisuke , Matsumoto Tomohiro , Watanabe Masataka , Morais Goreti , Mataka Shuntaro , Thiemann Thies
Published: December 2009

The X-ray crystal structures of a number of 6-ketoestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-ones and 6-ketoestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one 17-O,O-acetals have been determined and the effect of the acetal group on the conformation of rings B and D are discussed.
An efficient and clean synthesis of 1-aroyl-3-aryl-4-substituted imidazole-2-thiones in water
Authors: Wang Xi-Cun , Wang Fang , Quan Zheng-Jun , Wang Man-Gang , Li Zheng
Published: December 2009

Treatment 1-aryl-3-aroyl/benzofuroyl thioureas with α-bromo substituted carbonyl compounds in water affording 1-aroyl/benzofuroyl-3-aryl-4-substituted imidazole-2-thiones in excellent yields within short time.
Photocyclisation of o-Xylylbischromones: Proximity Effect
Authors: Gupta Satish C. , Yusuf Mohamad , Thakur Mandeep , Kamboj Ramesh C.
Published: December 2009

The photocyclisation of thiophene and furan substituted o-xylylbischromones is described. The reaction occurs through a 1,4-biradical species. The proximity of the two chromophores due to intramolecular complex formation affects the chemical efficiency of the reaction.
The effect of structure on the electrochemical properties of 14 marine pyrroloquinoline metabolites
Authors: Antunes Edith M. , Maree Suzanne E. , Nyokong Tebello , Davies-Coleman Mike T. , Maree M. David
Published: December 2009

The electrochemical properties of 14 structurally related pyrroloquinoline metabolites (compounds 1–14) isolated from marine sponges were studied in pH-varied experiments using cyclic and square wave voltammetry. In general both substitution patterns and pH were observed to influence the reduction potentials of these molecules.
Selective oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols with chromium trioxide in ionic liquid
Authors: Zheng Yun-Fa , Du Xing-Fen , Bao Wei-Liang
Published: December 2009

The oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to corresponding aldehydes and ketones by CrO3 in room temperature ionic liquids is an efficient and low flammability method with fast rate, facile procedure and high yields.
Synthesis of enamines using easily prepared silica gel supported sulfuric acid catalyst
Authors: Bigdeli Mohammad Ali , Nikje Mir Mohammad Alavi , Gorji Banafshe , Moghimi Aboulghasem
Published: December 2009

A variety of enamines are easily and efficiently synthesised in short reaction times and moderate to high yields from corresponding acyclic and cyclic ketones using sulfuric acid–silica catalyst.
Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of two new 5α-hydroxyspirostanones
Authors: Leliebre-Lara Vivian , Coll Francisco , Pérez Carlos S. , Coll Deysma
Published: December 2009

The synthesis and plant growth promoting activity of two 5α-hydroxyspirostanones are reported.
N, N′-Dichloro Bis(2,4,6-Trichlorophenyl) Urea (CC-2): An Efficient Reagent for Synthesis of Dialkyl Chlorophosphates
Authors: Shakya P.D. , Dubey D.K. , Pardasani Deepak , Palit Meehir , Gupta A.K.
Published: December 2009

An efficient and simple method is described for the preparation of dialkyl chlorophosphates by the use of new positive chlorine bearing reagent namely N, N′-dichloro bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) urea.
Spectral characterisation of oxazol-5(4H)-ones containing a furan and/or benzene ring in conjugation with the azlactone system
Authors: Palcut Marián
Published: December 2009

Oxazol-5(4H)-ones containing a furan and/or benzene ring in conjugation with the azlactone system have been investigated by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The IR absorption bands in the region of the C=O stretching vibrations measured in CHCl3 revealed a clear splitting due to Fermi resonance interaction. Compounds with a furan-2-yl substituent exert multilevel resonance when the first overtone of an in-plane scissoring deformation γ of the furan ring interacts with the fundamental carbonyl stretching mode. A correlation has been found between the wavenumbers of the C=N stretching vibration and the 13C NMR chemical shifts of the carbon in the C=N bond. Spectral characterisation (UV-VIS, 1H and 13C NMR), configurations and optimum conformations of these compounds are given.
Synthesis of new bifunctional BINOL derivatives
Authors: Zhang Yi-Li , Fan Qing-Hua
Published: December 2009

A series of new 3,3′-disubstituted BINOL derivatives have been synthesised. In a preliminary study, the asymmetric induction of these ligands was investigated in the addition of diethyl zinc to benzaldehyde in the absence of Ti(Oi-Pr)4. This showed different enantioselectivity and activity from those of the unsubstituted BINOL.
The crystal structure and unclassical pyran conformation of 2-amino-7-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-5-oxo-4H,5H-pyran [4,3-b]pyran-3-carbonitrile
Authors: Wang Xiang-shan , Zeng Zhao-sen , Shi Da-qing , Tu Shu-jiang , Wei Xian-yong , Zong Zhi-min
Published: December 2009

The X-ray crystal structure of 2-amino-7-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-5-oxo-4H,5H-pyrano[4,3-b]pyrano-3- carbonitrile 1, is determined. It is interesting that all the atoms of the pyran ring are coplanar, which is different from that of other similar compounds. The structure is stabilised by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The structure of the product is also characterised by IR, NMR spectra and elemental analysis.
Correlation of the Specific Rates of Solvolysis of Trimethylsilylmethyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate Using a Two-Term Grunwald–Winstein Equation
Authors: Kevill Dennis N. , Goken Erin G. , Park Byoung-Chun
Published: December 2009

The specific rates of solvolysis of trimethylsilylmethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate have been measured at 25.0 °C in ethanol, methanol, and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) and their mixtures with water. Determinations were also made in aqueous acetone and in TFE–ethanol mixtures. An extended (two-term) Grunwald–Winstein equation correlation gave sensitivities towards changes in solvent nucleophilicity and solvent ionising power as expected for an SN2 pathway, consistent with a previous proposal. For four solvents specific rates were determined at three or four additional temperatures and appreciably negative entropies of activation were observed, consistent with the proposed mechanism. At −20 °C, the specific rate of methanolysis is almost identical to that for methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, suggesting a fortuitous balance between steric hindrance effects and a favourable electronic effect upon the introduction of the trimethylsilyl group.
An Efficient and Practical Procedure for Preparation of Gem-Diacetates from Aldehydes Catalysed by Magnesium Perchlorate
Authors: Yang Shu-Tao
Published: December 2009

A mild and efficient method for the preparation of gem-diacetates from aldehydes with acetic anhydride is described using a catalytic amount of magnesium perchlorate giving excellent yields under solvent-free conditions.
A Highly-Selective Probe for Detection of Zinc(Ii) in Neutral Aqueous Solution
Authors: Yin Qiang , Zhang Zhen , Zhao Yu-Fen
Published: December 2009

A novel fluorescent chemosensor for the selective detection of zinc(II) in neutral aqueous solution has been synthesised by attaching the fluorophore into a macrocyclic polyamine (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane), and ion selectivity has been studied by fluorescence spectrocopy.
Alumina Sulfuric Acid Mediated Solvent-Free and One-Step Beckmann Rearrangement of Ketones and Aldehydes and a Useful Reagent for Synthesis of Keto- and Ald-Oximes
Authors: Hosseini-Sarvari Mona , Sharghi Hashem
Published: December 2009

Under solvent-free conditions, one-step Beckmann rearrangement of a variety of ketones and aldehydes could proceed in the presence of alumina sulfuric acid (ASA). The ASA reagent can also be used for the preparation of keto- and ald-oximes.
Convenient Syntheses of M- and p-Ethynylphenols
Authors: Lai Guo-Qiao , Liu Shi-Ling , Xu Jin-Feng , Shen Yong-Jia
Published: December 2009

m-Iodophenol (4a) was found to couple with 2-methylbut-3-yn-2-ol (5) in the presence of PdCl2–CuI–Ph3P-in triethylamine to afford 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-ynyl)phenol (6a), which was conveniently converted into m-ethynylphenol (7a). Under the same conditions, p-iodophenol did not couple with 5. However, p-iodo-1-[(tetrahydro-2 H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]benzene (4b) did react with 5 to afford 1-[(tetrahydro-2 H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]-4-[2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-but-3-ynyl]benzene (6b), which was similarly converted into 1-[(tetrahydro-2 H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]-4-ethynylbenzene (7b) with loss of acetone. Removal of the tetrahydropyranyl protecting group from 7b furnished p-ethynylphenol (8).
Mischmetall and Zn–Cu Couple as Efficient Reagents for the Pinacol Coupling of Aldimines
Authors: Vellemäe Eerold , Tšubrik Olga , Mäeorg Sirje , Mäeorg Uno
Published: December 2009

The reductive pinacol coupling of aldimines was studied in respect to different coupling-mediators such as mischmetall, Zn–Cu couple and Devarda alloy. High diastereoselectivity was achieved for three substrates. A simple procedure for the preparation of 1,2-diamines is described.
Zeofen: A User Friendly Agent for Oxidation of the Hantzsch 1, 4-Dihydropyridines
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Derikvand Fatemeh , Oskooie Hossein A. , Hekmatshoar Rahim
Published: December 2009

Hantzsch 1, 4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) were readily oxidised by zeofen (ferric nitrate and HZSM-5 zeolite) to the corresponding pyridines in good yields.
Ligands Containing of a C=O and an –Nh–R Adjacent to the Oxime Group and their Cobalt(Ii), Nickel(Ii) and Copper(Ii) Complexes
Authors: Taş Murat , Batı Hümeyra
Published: December 2009

Ligands having a C=O group and an –NH–R group adjacent to the oxime group have been prepared from ω-chloroisonitrosoacetophenone and aniline or aniline derivatives in the presence of NaHCO3. The Ni(II), Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes of the synthesised ligands have been prepared and characterised. The ligands are proposed to coordinate to the metal ions via the oxime oxygen and amide nitrogen atoms. Thermal analyses data reveals that the water in the complexes is non-coordinated to the metal ions. Binuclear and polymeric structures are suggested for all complexes. The complexes showed an antiferromagnetic effect.
Novel Synthesis of Calix[N]Arene Amidoazobenzene Derivatives
Authors: An Lin , Cai Ya Hua , Wang Min-Hua , Yan Chao Guo
Published: December 2009

A series of calix[ n]arenas and calix[4]resorciarenes containing azo chromophores on the lower rim were synthesised with two routes. The first direct route involved alkylating calixarenes with 4-chloroacetoaminoazobenzene. The second indirect route was by acylating 4-aminoazobenzene with calix[ n]arylacetyl chloride. Their extracting abilities for transition metal ions were tested.
Michael Addition of Indole to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Catalysed by Silica Sulfuric Acid under Ultrasonic Irradiation
Authors: Li Ji-Tai , Dai Hong-Guang , Xu Wen-Zhi , Li Tong-Shuang
Published: December 2009

Silica sulfuric acid catalyses the Michael addition of indole to α,β-unsaturated ketones under ultrasonic irradiation to afford the corresponding β-indolylketones in 50-85% yields at room temperature.
Ru(Iii) Catalysed Oxidation of Diethanolamine and Triethanolamine by Br(V) in Presence of Perchloric Acid
Authors: Singh Ashok Kumar , Singh Ajaya Kumar , Singh Vineeta , Rahmani Shahla , Ashish  , Singh Bharat
Published: December 2009

Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) by potassium bromate in presence of ruthenium(III) chloride as homogeneous catalyst in perchloric acid medium have been investigated. First order kinetics with respect to each of [KBrO3] and [Ru(III) chloride] was observed in the oxidation of both DEA and TEA. With about eight-fold variation in [DEA] and 10-fold variation in [TEA], first order kinetics in [substrate] was observed up to nearly 3-fold variation in [DEA] and 5-fold variation in [TEA]. Kinetics with negative effect of [substrate] became more complex in both cases when a significant decrease in pseudo first order rate constant was observed at their higher concentrations. Inverse fractional order in [H+] was noted throughout its 10-fold variation. Variation in [Hg(OAc)2], [Cl–] and ionic strength (μ) of the medium did not bring about any significant change on the rate of reaction. The values of rate constants observed at four different temperatures were utilised to calculate the activation parameters. Acetic acid and ammonia have been identified as main oxidation products of the reactions. A suitable mechanism involving the formation of a complex between [Ru(III)–aminoalcohol] complex and bromate ion prior to the rate-determining step is proposed.
Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds from their Oximes with Zirconium Hydroxide Chromate [Zr4(OH)6(CrO4)5(H2O)2]
Authors: Rahimisadeh M. , Gholisadeh M. , Hassani H. , Bakavoli M.
Published: December 2009

Zirconium hydroxide chromate [Zr4(OH)6(CrO4)5(H2O)2] has been used as a stable, mild and efficient oxidising reagent to convent oximes to their corresponding carbonyl compounds in acetonitrile.
Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-4-Methylcyclohex-2-En-1-One
Authors: Parladar Vesile , Gültekin M. Serdar , Çelik Murat
Published: December 2009

4-Hydroxy-4-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one was synthesised from 4-methylanisole. The key step is the regioselective reaction of singlet oxygen with 4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-one.
A Facile Solvent-Free Synthesis of High Specific Activity Potassium [14C]Formate and Ethyl [14C]Formate Under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Seshan Ravi , Mathai Mathew Kudulil , Unny Parameshwaran Vadakke Kodara , Nagalingam Sivaprasad
Published: December 2009

Potassium [14C]cyanide was first hydrolysed to potassium [14C]formate with dilute alkali under microwave (1300 W) irradiation for 8 min in a sealed glass ampoule. Potassium [14C]formate was then esterified with triethyl orthophosphate under microwave irradiation for 20 min to furnish ethyl [14C]formate having high specific radioactivity (50 mCi/mmol) in an yield of 98%.
Application of Meldrum's Acid in Natural Product Synthesis. Synthesis of Ar-Turmerone and α-Curcumene
Authors: Mahulikar P.P. , Mane R.B.
Published: December 2009

Meldrum's acid (1) is employed in the synthesis of ar-turmerone (6) and α-curcumene (12). 1-( p-Tolyl)ethyl Meldrum's acid (3), synthesised by three different routes, was the key intermediate in these syntheses.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Binuclear Iron Carbonyl Cluster Containing the Triphos and μ,η2-OCC6H5 Ligands
Authors: Zhu Bao-Hua , Hong Hong , Jing Se , Lü Peng-Hui , Sun Jie
Published: December 2009

The new bimetallic cluster [Fe2(CO)4( μ,η2-OCC6H5)( μ4,η3-CH3C(CH2PPh2)2CH2PPh)] 3 has been synthesised from reaction between Fe3(CO)121 and the tripodal polyphosphine compound CH3C(CH2PPh2)3 (1,1,1-tris(diphenyl-phosphinomethyl)ethane: triphos) 2. The structure of cluster 3 has been established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Hydrolysis of P-Nitrophenyl Picolinate by Transition-Metal Hydroxamate Containing Benzo-15-Crown-5
Authors: Tang Ying , Feng Fa-mei , Li Jian-zhang , Li Hong-bo , Li Shen-xin , Qin Sheng-ying
Published: December 2009

Two hydroxamic acids HL1 and HL2 containing benzo-15-crown-5 have been synthesised and their transition metal (Cu2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Mn2+) complexes have been employed as models to mimic hydrolase in catalytic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl picolinate(PNPP). The kinetics and mechanism of PNPP hydrolysis have been investigated. A kinetic mathematical model of PNPP cleavage catalysed by these complexes is proposed. The effects of reactive temperature and metal ion in complexes on the rate of catalytic PNPP hydrolysis are discussed. The results show that the transition-metal hydroxamates (ML12, ML22, M= Cu2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Mn2+) containing benzo-15-crown-5 exhibit high activity in catalytic PNPP hydrolysis. The rate of PNPP hydrolysis catalysed by these complexes increased along with the increase of pH values of the buffer solution; the catalytic activity of different metal ions in complexes of the same ligand deceased in the order Cu2+> Co2+ >Zn2+ > Mn2+; the pseudo-first-order-rate constants of PNPP hydrolysis catalysed by the complexes are over 1000 times more than that of spontaneous hydrolysis of PNPP.
Silica Sulfuric Acid as a Reusable Catalyst for the Conversion of Ketones into Amides by a Schmidt Reaction under Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Eshghi Hossein , Hassankhani Asadollah , Mosaddegh Elaheh
Published: December 2009

Silica sulfuric acid is a highly efficient reagent for the conversion of a variety of ketones into the corresponding amides by a Schmidt reaction under solvent-free conditions. Cyclic, aliphatic and aromatic ketones with electron-donating or withdrawing substituents may be converted easily in excellent yield. The major advantages of this method are: operational simplicity, the ready availability of the reagent, selectivity, general applicability, mild reaction conditions, short reaction times and high yields. The recovered catalyst could be used in new attempts without any purification.
Synthesis of 3-Amino-1-Aryl-9-Methoxy-5,6-Dihydro-1H- Benzo[f] Chromene-2-Carbonitriles in Aqueous Media
Authors: Shi Da-Qing , Yu Chen-Xia , Zhuang Qi-Ya , Wang Xiang-Shan
Published: December 2009

3-Amino-1-aryl-9-methoxy-5,6-dihydro-1 H-benzo[ f]chromene-2-carbonitriles were synthesised by the reaction of substituted cinnamonitriles with 7-methoxy-2-tetralone using triethylbenzylammonium chloride (TEBA) as catalyst in aqueous media. The synthetic method has the advantages of good yields, less pollution, simple operation and being environment friendly. The structures of the products were identified by IR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis and confirmed by X-ray analysis.
A Convenient and Clean Procedure for the Synthesis of Pyran Derivatives in Aqueous Media Catalysed by Tebac
Authors: Wang Xiang-Shan , Zeng Zhao-Sen , Zhang Mei-Mei , Li Yu-Ling , Shi Da-Qing , Tu Shu-Jiang , Wei Xian-Yong , Zong Zhi-Min
Published: December 2009

A clean and simple synthesis of 6-amino-5-cyano-4-aryl-2-methyl-4 H-pyran-3-carboxylate derivatives was accomplished in high yields via the reaction of arylmethylidenemalononitriles with acetoacetate in aqueous media catalysed by triethylbenzylammonium chloride (TEBAC). The structures were established by spectroscopic data and further confirmed by X-ray analysis.
An Alternative Oxidising and Brominating Method Converting Alcohols to Aldehydes and β-Bromoethyl Esters using Ionic Liquid [Bmim][Br3]
Authors: Zhang Yu , Bao Weiliang
Published: December 2009

[Bmim][Br3] is an oxidising reagent which converts alcohols into aldehydes and ketones in mild conditions and good yields; the use of the ionic liquid (IL) as both an oxidising and a brominating reagent in the one-pot synthesis of β-bromoethyl esters from benzyl alcohols and diols has also been studied.
Synthesis and biological activity of new functionalised cyclohepta[4,5]-thieno[2,3-d][1,2,4] triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidin-5-ones
Authors: Shawali Ahmad S. , Ali Nasser A. H. , Ali Ahmed S. , Osman Dalia A.
Published: December 2009

Various functionalised derivatives of 5 H-cyclohepta[4,5]thieno[2,3- d][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a]pyrimidin-5-one were synthesised via reaction of hydrazonoyl halides (1) with either 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9-octahydro-2-thioxo-4 H-cyclohepta-[4,5]thieno[2,3- d]pyrimidin-4-one (2) or its methylthio derivative (3). The mechanism and the regioselectivity of the studied reactions are investigated and discussed.
Regioselective synthesis of thieno[2,3-b]indoles by tandem cyclisation involving sequential sigmatropic rearrangements
Authors: Majumdar K.C. , Alam Safiul
Published: December 2009

Thieno[2,3- b]indoles can be synthesised in 70–80 % yield by the sulfoxide rearrangement of 2-(4′-aryloxybut-2′-ynylthio)-1-methylindoles. The substrates are prepared by phase-transfer-catalysed alkylation of 1-methylindoline-2-thione with 1-aryloxy-4-chlorobut-2-ynes.
Behaviour of some 2(3H)-furanones bearing a pyrazolyl group as alkylating agents
Authors: Hashem Ahmed I. , Kandeel Kamal A. , Youssef Ahmed S. A. , Abou-Elmagd Wael S.I.
Published: December 2009

5-Aryl-3-(1,3-diphenylpyrazol-4-ylmethylene)-2(3 H)-furanones (1a–c) were prepared by condensing 1,3-diphenyl-pyrazole-4-carboxaldehyde with 3-aroylpropionic acids in the presence of N,N-dimethyl(chlorosulfinyloxy)meth-animinium chloride as a cyclodehydrating agent. The reactions of these furanones with anhydrous aluminium chloride in benzene, toluene and anisole led to the formation of 4,4-diaryl-1-(1,3-diphenylpyrazol-4-yl)buta-1,3-diene-2-carboxylic acids (6) as mixtures of two geometrical ( E,E- and E,Z-) stereoisomers. The unfavoured intramolecular alkylation of 1a–c compared with other furanones is discussed using Hyper Chem Professional (7) AM1 calculations.
LSER in the reaction between p-nitrobenzyl bromide and 2-mercaptobenzoxazole
Authors: Reddy Sudala Ranga , Kalyani Pandrangi , Manikyamba Prerepa
Published: December 2009

The reaction between p-nitrobenzyl bromide and 2-mercaptobenzoxazole has been studied by following the conductance of the reaction mixture at different time intervals. The reaction is overall second order, being first order with respect to both [nucleophile] and [substrate]. The reaction is studied in 14 different protic and dipolar aprotic solvents and the second order rate constants are determined. Correlation of rate constants with different solvent parameters indicated that electron pair accepting ability of the solvent (E) and hydrogen bond accepting ability (β) of the solvent simultaneously influence the rate of the reaction.
Cobalt(II) frameworks of 3,3′-bipyridyl-5,5′-dicarboxylate (bpdc2-). X-Ray crystal structures of [Co(bpdc)(H2O)2]n and {[Co(bpdc)(H2O)4].2H2O}n
Authors: Jain Sneh L. , Bhattacharyya Pravat , Pritchard Robin G.
Published: December 2009

Sodium 3,3′-bipyridyl-5,5′-dicarboxylate (Na2bpdc) reacts with cobalt(II) chloride under hydrothermal conditions to give the guest-free two-dimensional framework [Co(bpdc)(H2O)2] n1 and at ambient temperature to generate the one-dimensional polymer {[Co(bpdc)(H2O)4].2H2O} n2. In 1 the bpdc2- ligand is tetradentate, coordinating through the pyridyl nitrogens and two of the carboxylate oxygen atoms, in 2 solely the nitrogen atoms of this ligand bind to cobalt.
Oxidation of α-hydroxy ketones to diketones by iodic acid supported on alumina
Authors: Hashemi Mohammed M. , Naeimi Hossein , Shirazizadeh Farveh , Karimi-Jaberi Zahed
Published: December 2009

Benzoins are rapidly oxidised to benzils in high yields by iodic acid supported on alumina under solvent-free conditions and microwave irradiation
Studies with heteroaromatic amines. A new route to 2-azolylamino-2-thiazolin-4-ones
Authors: Al-Zaydi Khadijah M. , Al-Shamary Asma , Elnagdi Mohamed H.
Published: December 2009

Heteroaromatic chloroacetamides 3a–c on treatment with potassium thiocyanate afforded the thiazolylamino-thiazolines 6a–c via intermediacy of 4a–c and 5a–c. Compounds 6a–c condensed with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (DMFDMA) to yield the Z–enamines 7a–c. The enamines 7a and 7b could be converted into the enamines 8a–e and 9a,b on treatment with amines. However, reacting 10c with morpholine afforded 11b. Compounds 9a,b, as well as 9c, were also obtained on reacting 6a–c with triethyl orthoformate and piperidine in DMF. The structures of 6a and 11b were confirmed by X-ray crystal structure determination.
Synthesis, structures and luminescent properties of [ZnCl2(2,6-bis {1-(phenylimino)ethyl}pyridine)]
Authors: Li Xuefu , Zhu Dongsheng , Gao Wei , Zhang Yuetao , Mu Ying
Published: December 2009

The complex 2, 6-Bis[1-(phenylimino)ethyl pyridine ZnCl2 (3) was synthesised via the reaction of ZnCl2 with the 2,6-bis[1-(phenylimino)ethyl]pyridine (L3) in CH2Cl2 and its structure determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The geometry of 3 can be best described as distorted trigonal bipyramidal. 3 has blue luminescence at room temperature in solution and the solid state which is assumed to be from a π*→π transition centred on the ligand. The Zn(II) centre plays a key role in enhancing fluorescent emission of the ligand.
Two new benzofuran derivatives from the roots of Zanthoxylum flavum
Authors: Ross Samir A. , Krishnaveni Kesanapalli S. , Burandt Charles L.
Published: December 2009

Two new benzofuran derivatives (1 and 2) have been isolated from the roots of Zanthoxylum flavum Vahi. The structures of the new compounds 1 and 2 were characterised as 6-methoxybenzofuran-5-propionylmethylester (1) and 6,7-dimethoxybenzofuran-5-propionyl-methylester (2) based on one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry.
Synthesis and phytotoxicity evaluation of novel 6α,7β-dihydroxyvouacapan-17β-oic acid derivatives
Authors: Castelo-Branco Pedro A. , Rubinger Mayura M. M. , Resende Jarbas M. , Silva Antônio A. , Ferreira-Alves Dalton L. , Piló-Veloso Dorila
Published: December 2009

The 6α,7β-dihydroxyvouacapan-17β-oic acid (1) isolated from Pterodon polygalaeflorus Benth has shown allelopathic and plant growth regulatory properties. Six novel esters of (1) were prepared and their effects on the radical growth of Sorghum bicolor L. and Cucumis sativus L. were evaluated.
Synthesis of monosubstituted calix[4]pyrroles in β position
Authors: Zhou Changzheng , Liu Kai , Qiu Hongdeng , Shao Shijun , Jiang Shengxiang
Published: December 2009

Through lithiation and electrophilic substitution of three calix[4]pyrroles, a series of new calix[4]pyrrole derivatives were synthesised. The derivatives were hydrolysed to produce acids and, under base catalysis, new esters were formed. Thus calix[4]pyrroles with an active functional group were obtained. The optimum reaction and purification conditions were investigated. The binding properties of the new derivatives with anions was examined.
Rapid reduction of chalcones to tetrahydrochalcones using nickel boride
Authors: Khurana Jitender M. , Kiran
Published: December 2009

A variety of chalcones is rapidly reduced to the corresponding tetrahydrochalcones in high yields with nickel boride, generated in situ, in dry methanol at ambient temperature. The halo, methoxy and methyl groups remain unaffected under these conditions.
Synthesis of three dissymmetrical pentaamines via bisaminals of linear tetraamines
Authors: Claudon Géraldine , Bernard Hélène , Le Bris Nathalie , Handel Henri
Published: December 2009

Bisaminals of linear tetraamines were selectively N-monofunctionalised with acrylonitrile in a Michael-type addition giving rise, after reduction, to three open-chain dissymmetrical pentaamines, bearing a new aminopropyl group on one terminal nitrogen atom.
Syntheses of Methyl 4,5-Dihydro-2H-Pyrazolo[3,4-a]Carbazole-3-Carboxylates
Authors: Martin Arputhari Ebenezer , Prasad Karnam Jayarampillai Rajendra
Published: December 2009

The syntheses of methyl 4,5-dihydro-2 H-pyrazolo[3,4- a]carbazole-3-carboxylates (4a–e) from 1-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazoles (1a–e) using the intermediates, methyl 2-(1-oxo-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1 H-carbazol-2-yl)-2-oxoacetates (3a–e) are discussed. The formation of the end products was characterised using spectral and analytical techniques.