bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Orthorexia Nervosa: Psychometric Limitations of the ORTO-15
Authors: Roncero María , Barrada Juan Ramón , Perpiñá Conxa
Published: September 2017

Orthorexia nervosa has recently been defined as excessive preoccupation with healthy eating, causing significant nutritional deficiencies and social and personal impairments. The ORTO-15 is the most widely used instrument to evaluate orthorexia nervosa, although previous studies obtained inconsistent results about its psychometric properties, and there are no data on the Spanish version. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the ORTO-15. In order to cross-validate the results, two independent samples were used (Sample 1: n = 807, 74.1% women; Sample 2: n = 242, 63.2% women). The results did not support the original recoding and reversal of the items; thus, the original scores were maintained. The analysis of the internal structure showed that the best interpretable solution was unidimensional, and due to low loadings, four items were removed. The internal consistency (α = .74) and temporal stability (r = .92; p < .001) of the final ORTO-11 version were adequate, higher than the 15-item version. The questionnaire showed significant associations with eating psychopathology (EAT-26 and SR-YBC-EDS; range r = .64 – .29; p < .05). However, this result should be interpreted with caution due to the redundancy observed between the ORTO-15 and the EAT-26. Our results suggest that the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the ORTO-15 are not adequate. Moreover, the instrument detects people who are on diets, but it is not efficient in detecting the severity of orthorexic behaviors and attitudes. New instruments are needed to continue the study of orthorexia nervosa.
3x2 Classroom Goal Structures, Motivational Regulations, Self-Concept, and Affectivity in Secondary School
Authors: Méndez-Giménez Antonio , Cecchini-Estrada José-Antonio , Fernández-Río Javier , Prieto Saborit José Antonio , Méndez-Alonso David
Published: September 2017

The main objective was to analyze relationships and predictive patterns between 3x2 classroom goal structures (CGS), and motivational regulations, dimensions of self-concept, and affectivity in the context of secondary education. A sample of 1,347 secondary school students (56.6% young men, 43.4% young women) from 10 different provinces of Spain agreed to participate (M age = 13.43, SD = 1.05). Hierarchical regression analyses indicated the self-approach CGS was the most adaptive within the spectrum of self-determination, followed by the task-approach CGS. The other-approach CGS had an ambivalent influence on motivation. Task-approach and self-approach CGS predicted academic self-concept (p < .01; p < .001, respectively; R2 = .134), and both along with other-approach CGS (negatively) predicted family self-concept (p < .05; p < .001; p < .01, respectively; R2 = .064). Physical self-concept was predicted by the task-approach and other-approach CGS’s (p < .05; p < .001, respectively; R2 = .078). Finally, positive affect was predicted by all three approach-oriented CGS’s (p < .001; R2 = .137), whereas negative affect was predicted by other-approach (positively) and self-approach (negatively) CGS (p < .001; p < .05, respectively; R2 = .028). These results expand the 3x2 achievement goal framework to include environmental factors, and reiterate that teachers should focus on raising levels of self- and task-based goals for students in their classes.
Effects of Cognitive Training on Cognitive Performance of Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Golino Mariana Teles Santos , Flores Mendoza Carmen , Golino Hudson Fernandes
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the immediate effects of cognitive training on healthy older adults and verify the transfer effects of targeted and non-targeted abilities. The design consisted of a semi-randomized clinical controlled trial. The final sample was composed of 80 volunteers recruited from a Brazilian community (mean age = 69.69; SD = 7.44), which were separated into an intervention group (N = 47; mean age = 69.66, SD = 7.51) and a control group (N = 33; mean age = 69.73, SD = 7.45). Intervention was characterized by adaptive cognitive training with 12 individual training sessions of 60 to 90 minutes (once a week). Eight instruments were used to assess effects of cognitive training. Five were used to assess trained abilities (near effects), including: Memorization Tests (List and History), Picture Completion, Digit Span, Digit Symbol-Coding, and Symbol Search (the last four from WAIS-III). Two instruments assessed untrained abilities (far effects): Arithmetic and Matrix Reasoning (WAIS-III). The non-parametric repeated measures ANOVA test revealed a significant interaction between group by time interaction for Picture Completion [F(74) = 14.88, p = .0002, d = 0.90, CLES = 73.69%], Digit Symbol-Coding [F(74) = 5.66, p = .019, d = 0.55, CLES = 65.21%] and Digit Span [F(74) = 5.38, p = .02, d = 0.54, CLES = 64.85%], suggesting an interventional impact on these performance tasks. The results supported near transfer effects, but did not demonstrate a far transfer effects.
Putting Satellite Maps of Surface Water to Practical Use
Authors: Hossain Faisal , Andral Alice , Srinivasan Margaret
Published: September 2017

2nd SWOT Application User Workshop: Engaging the User Community for Advancing Societal Applications of the Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission, Reston, Virginia, 5–6 April 2017
Mechanoregulated inhibition of formin facilitates contractile actomyosin ring assembly
Authors: Zimmermann Dennis , Homa Kaitlin E. , Hocky Glen M. , Pollard Luther W. , De La Cruz Enrique M. , Voth Gregory A. , Trybus Kathleen M. , Kovar David R.
Published: September 2017

Cytokinesis physically separates dividing cells by forming a contractile actomyosin ring. The fission yeast contractile ring has been proposed to assemble by Search-Capture-Pull-Release from cytokinesis precursor nodes that include the molecular motor type-II myosin Myo2 and the actin assembly factor formin Cdc12. By successfully reconstituting Search-Capture-Pull in vitro, we discovered that formin Cdc12 is a mechanosensor, whereby myosin pulling on formin-bound actin filaments inhibits Cdc12-mediated actin assembly. We mapped Cdc12 mechanoregulation to its formin homology 1 domain, which facilitates delivery of new actin subunits to the elongating actin filament. Quantitative modeling suggests that the pulling force of the myosin propagates through the actin filament, which behaves as an entropic spring, and thereby may stretch the disordered formin homology 1 domain and impede formin-mediated actin filament elongation. Finally, live cell imaging of mechano-insensitive formin mutant cells established that mechanoregulation of formin Cdc12 is required for efficient contractile ring assembly in vivo.
Ultrafast creation of large Schrödinger cat states of an atom
Authors: Johnson K. G. , Wong-Campos J. D. , Neyenhuis B. , Mizrahi J. , Monroe C.
Published: September 2017

Mesoscopic quantum superpositions, or Schrödinger cat states, are widely studied for fundamental investigations of quantum measurement and decoherence as well as applications in sensing and quantum information science. The generation and maintenance of such states relies upon a balance between efficient external coherent control of the system and sufficient isolation from the environment. Here we create a variety of cat states of a single trapped atom’s motion in a harmonic oscillator using ultrafast laser pulses. These pulses produce high fidelity impulsive forces that separate the atom into widely separated positions, without restrictions that typically limit the speed of the interaction or the size and complexity of the resulting motional superposition. This allows us to quickly generate and measure cat states larger than previously achieved in a harmonic oscillator, and create complex multi-component superposition states in atoms.
Graphene-based synthetic antiferromagnets and ferrimagnets
Authors: Gargiani P. , Cuadrado R. , Vasili H. B. , Pruneda M. , Valvidares M.
Published: September 2017

Graphene-spaced magnetic systems with antiferromagnetic exchange-coupling offer exciting opportunities for emerging technologies. Unfortunately, the in-plane graphene-mediated exchange-coupling found so far is not appropriate for realistic exploitation, due to being weak, being of complex nature, or requiring low temperatures. Here we establish that ultra-thin Fe/graphene/Co films grown on Ir(111) exhibit robust perpendicular antiferromagnetic exchange-coupling, and gather a collection of magnetic properties well-suited for applications. Remarkably, the observed exchange coupling is thermally stable above room temperature, strong but field controllable, and occurs in perpendicular orientation with opposite remanent layer magnetizations. Atomistic first-principles simulations provide further ground for the feasibility of graphene-spaced antiferromagnetic coupled structures, confirming graphene’s direct role in sustaining antiferromagnetic superexchange-coupling between the magnetic films. These results provide a path for the realization of graphene-based perpendicular synthetic antiferromagnetic systems, which seem exciting for fundamental nanoscience or potential use in spintronic devices.
Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis of saliva reveals disease-associated microbiota in patients with periodontitis and dental caries
Authors: Belstrøm Daniel , Constancias Florentin , Liu Yang , Yang Liang , Drautz-Moses Daniela I. , Schuster Stephan C. , Kohli Gurjeet Singh , Jakobsen Tim Holm , Holmstrup Palle , Givskov Michael
Published: September 2017

The taxonomic composition of the salivary microbiota has been reported to differentiate between oral health and disease. However, information on bacterial activity and gene expression of the salivary microbiota is limited. The purpose of this study was to perform metagenomic and metatranscriptomic characterization of the salivary microbiota and test the hypothesis that salivary microbial presence and activity could be an indicator of the oral health status. Stimulated saliva samples were collected from 30 individuals (periodontitis: n = 10, dental caries: n = 10, oral health: n = 10). Salivary microbiota was characterized using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics in order to compare community composition and the gene expression between the three groups. Streptococcus was the predominant bacterial genus constituting approx. 25 and 50% of all DNA and RNA reads, respectively. A significant disease-associated higher relative abundance of traditional periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Filifactor alocis and salivary microbial activity of F. alocis was associated with periodontitis. Significantly higher relative abundance of caries-associated bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus fermentum was identified in saliva from patients with dental caries. Multiple genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism were significantly more expressed in healthy controls compared to periodontitis patients. Using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics we show that relative abundance of specific oral bacterial species and bacterial gene expression in saliva associates with periodontitis and dental caries. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to evaluate if screening of salivary microbial activity of specific oral bacterial species and metabolic gene expression can identify periodontitis and dental caries at preclinical stages.
The effect of duration of untreated psychosis and treatment delay on the outcomes of prolonged early intervention in psychotic disorders
Authors: Albert Nikolai , Melau Marianne , Jensen Heidi , Hastrup Lene Halling , Hjorthøj Carsten , Nordentoft Merete
Published: September 2017

The duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has been shown to have an effect on outcome after first-episode psychosis. The premise of specialized early intervention (SEI) services is that intervention in the early years of illness can affect long-term outcomes. In this study, we investigate whether DUP affects treatment response after 5 years of SEI treatment compared to 2 years of SEI treatment. As part of a randomized controlled trial testing the effect of prolonged SEI treatment 400 participants diagnosed within the schizophrenia spectrum were recruited. For this specific study participants were dichotomized based on DUP, treatment delay, and time from first symptom until start of SEI treatment. The groups were analyzed with regard to treatment response on psychopathology, level of functioning, and cognitive functioning. The participants with a short DUP had a tendency to respond better to the prolonged treatment with regards to disorganized and negative dimension. For participants with short duration from first symptom until start of SEI treatment there was a significant difference on the negative dimension favoring the prolonged OPUS treatment. The finding of an effect of prolonged treatment for participants with a short total treatment delay could mean that prolonged SEI treatment is more beneficial than treatment as usual (TAU) so long as it is provided in the early years of illness and not just in the early years after diagnosis.
Hepatitis C cross-genotype immunity and implications for vaccine development
Authors: Islam Nazrul , Krajden Mel , Shoveller Jean , Gustafson Paul , Gilbert Mark , Wong Jason , Tyndall Mark W. , Janjua Naveed Zafar ,   The BC-HTC Team, Yu Amanda , Kuo Margot , Alvarez Maria , Chong Mei , Butt Zahid A. , Shrestha Nabin , Samji Hasina , Rizi Seyed Ali Mussavi
Published: September 2017

While about a quarter of individuals clear their primary hepatitis C (HCV) infections spontaneously, clearance (spontaneous or treatment-induced) does not confer sterilizing immunity against a future infection. Since successful treatment does not prevent future infections either, an effective vaccine is highly desirable in preventing HCV (re)infection. However, development of an effective vaccine has been complicated by the diversity of HCV genotypes, and complexities in HCV immunological responses. Smaller studies on humans and chimpanzees reported seemingly opposing results regarding cross-neutralizing antibodies. We report a lack of cross-genotype immunity in the largest cohort of people to date. In the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, reinfection with a heterologous HCV genotype (adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR]: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.25–0.84) was associated with a 55% lower likelihood of re-clearance. Among those who cleared their first infection spontaneously, the likelihood of re-clearance was 49% lower (aHR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.27–0.94) when reinfected with a heterologous HCV genotype. These findings indicate that immunity against a particular HCV genotype does not offer expanded immunity to protect against subsequent infections with a different HCV genotype. A prophylactic HCV vaccine boosted with multiple HCV genotype may offer a broader and more effective protection.
Identification of neuraminidase inhibitors against dual H274Y/I222R mutant strains
Authors: Hsu Kai-Cheng , Hung Hui-Chen , HuangFu Wei-Chun , Sung Tzu-Ying , Eight Lin Tony , Fang Ming-Yu , Chen I-Jung , Pathak Nikhil , Hsu John T.-A. , Yang Jinn-Moon
Published: September 2017

Influenza is an annual seasonal epidemic that has continually drawn public attentions, due to the potential death toll and drug resistance. Neuraminidase, which is essential for the spread of influenza virus, has been regarded as a valid target for the treatment of influenza infection. Although neuraminidase drugs have been developed, they are susceptible to drug-resistant mutations in the sialic-binding site. In this study, we established computational models (site-moiety maps) of H1N1 and H5N1 to determine properties of the 150-cavity, which is adjacent to the drug-binding site. The models reveal that hydrogen-bonding interactions with residues R118, D151, and R156 and van der Waals interactions with residues Q136, D151, and T439 are important for identifying 150-cavitiy inhibitors. Based on the models, we discovered three new inhibitors with IC50 values <10 μM that occupies both the 150-cavity and sialic sites. The experimental results identified inhibitors with similar activities against both wild-type and dual H274Y/I222R mutant neuraminidases and showed little cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, we identified three new inhibitors situated at the sialic-binding site with inhibitory effects for normal neuraminidase, but lowered effects for mutant strains. The results suggest that the new inhibitors can be used as a starting point to combat drug-resistant strains.
Anti-mycobacterial activity correlates with altered DNA methylation pattern in immune cells from BCG-vaccinated subjects
Authors: Verma Deepti , Parasa Venkata Ramanarao , Raffetseder Johanna , Martis Mihaela , Mehta Ratnesh B. , Netea Mihai , Lerm Maria
Published: September 2017

The reason for the largely variable protective effect against TB of the vaccine Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is not understood. In this study, we investigated whether epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the response of immune cells to the BCG vaccine. We isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from BCG-vaccinated subjects and performed global DNA methylation analysis in combination with functional assays representative of innate immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Enhanced containment of replication was observed in monocyte-derived macrophages from a sub-group of BCG-vaccinated individuals (identified as ‘responders’). A stable and robust differential DNA methylation pattern in response to BCG could be observed in PBMCs isolated from the responders but not from the non-responders. Gene ontology analysis revealed that promoters with altered DNA methylation pattern were strongly enriched among genes belonging to immune pathways in responders, however no enrichments could be observed in the non-responders. Our findings suggest that BCG-induced epigenetic reprogramming of immune cell function can enhance anti-mycobacterial immunity in macrophages. Understanding why BCG induces this response in responders but not in non-responders could provide clues to improvement of TB vaccine efficacy.
Transcriptome reprogramming during developmental switching in Physarum polycephalum involves extensive remodeling of intracellular signaling networks
Authors: Glöckner Gernot , Marwan Wolfgang
Published: September 2017

Activation of a phytochrome photoreceptor triggers a program ofPhysarum polycephalumplasmodial cell differentiation through which a mitotic multinucleate protoplasmic mass synchronously develops into haploid spores formed by meiosis and rearrangement of cellular components. We have performed a transcriptome-wide RNAseq study of cellular reprogramming and developmental switching. RNAseq analysis revealed extensive remodeling of intracellular signaling and regulation in switching the expression of sets of genes encoding transcription factors, kinases, phosphatases, signal transduction proteins, RNA-binding proteins, ubiquitin ligases, regulators of the mitotic and meiotic cell cycleetc. in conjunction with the regulation of genes encoding metabolic enzymes and cytoskeletal proteins. About 15% of the differentially expressed genes shared similarity with members of the evolutionary conserved set of core developmental genes of social amoebae. Differential expression of genes encoding regulators that act at the transcriptional, translational, and post-translational level indicates the establishment of a new state of cellular function and reveals evolutionary deeply conserved molecular changes involved in cellular reprogramming and differentiation in a prototypical eukaryote.
Direct observation of nanowire growth and decomposition
Authors: Rackauskas Simas , Shandakov Sergey D. , Jiang Hua , Wagner Jakob B. , Nasibulin Albert G.
Published: September 2017

Fundamental concepts of the crystal formation suggest that the growth and decomposition are determined by simultaneous embedding and removal of the atoms. Apparently, by changing the crystal formation conditions one can switch the regimes from the growth to decomposition. To the best of our knowledge, so far this has been only postulated, but never observed at the atomic level. By means of in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy we monitored and examined the atomic layer transformation at the conditions of the crystal growth and its decomposition using CuO nanowires selected as a model object. The atomic layer growth/decomposition was studied by varying an O2 partial pressure. Three distinct regimes of the atomic layer evolution were experimentally observed: growth, transition and decomposition. The transition regime, at which atomic layer growth/decomposition switch takes place, is characterised by random nucleation of the atomic layers on the growing {111} surface. The decomposition starts on the side of the nanowire by removing the atomic layers without altering the overall crystal structure, which besides the fundamental importance offers new possibilities for the nanowire manipulation. Understanding of the crystal growth kinetics and nucleation at the atomic level is essential for the precise control of 1D crystal formation.
Efficient engineering of chromosomal ribosome binding site libraries in mismatch repair proficient Escherichia coli
Authors: Oesterle Sabine , Gerngross Daniel , Schmitt Steven , Roberts Tania Michelle , Panke Sven
Published: September 2017

Multiplexed gene expression optimization via modulation of gene translation efficiency through ribosome binding site (RBS) engineering is a valuable approach for optimizing artificial properties in bacteria, ranging from genetic circuits to production pathways. Established algorithms design smart RBS-libraries based on a single partially-degenerate sequence that efficiently samples the entire space of translation initiation rates. However, the sequence space that is accessible when integrating the library by CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing is severely restricted by DNA mismatch repair (MMR) systems. MMR efficiency depends on the type and length of the mismatch and thus effectively removes potential library members from the pool. Rather than working in MMR-deficient strains, which accumulate off-target mutations, or depending on temporary MMR inactivation, which requires additional steps, we eliminate this limitation by developing a pre-selection rule of genome-library-optimized-sequences (GLOS) that enables introducing large functional diversity into MMR-proficient strains with sequences that are no longer subject to MMR-processing. We implement several GLOS-libraries in Escherichia coli and show that GLOS-libraries indeed retain diversity during genome editing and that such libraries can be used in complex genome editing operations such as concomitant deletions. We argue that this approach allows for stable and efficient fine tuning of chromosomal functions with minimal effort.
High-Affinity Functional Fluorescent Ligands for Human β-Adrenoceptors
Authors: Mitronova Gyuzel Y. , Lukinavičius Gražvydas , Butkevich Alexey N. , Kohl Tobias , Belov Vladimir N. , Lehnart Stephan E. , Hell Stefan W.
Published: September 2017

Visualization of the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) is of great importance for studying its function in a native cell. We have synthesized a series of red-emitting fluorescent probes targeting β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) that are compatible with confocal and Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy as well as with Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) binding assay in living cells. The probe based on the agonist BI-167107 and fluorescent dye KK114 demonstrates nanomolar binding affinity and up to nine-fold β2AR selectivity over β1AR. Carazolol-derived probes are fluorogenic and allow no-wash imaging experiments. STED microscopy of β2ARs stained at the native expression level on pancreatic CAPAN cells provides two-fold improvement in lateral optical resolution over confocal mode and reveals the formation of receptor microdomains. These probes retain their functional (agonist or antagonist) properties, allowing simultaneous modulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and receptor internalization as well as imaging receptor localization.
Subclass-specific IgG glycosylation is associated with markers of inflammation and metabolic health
Authors: Plomp Rosina , Ruhaak L. Renee , Uh Hae-Won , Reiding Karli R. , Selman Maurice , Houwing-Duistermaat Jeanine J. , Slagboom P. Eline , Beekman Marian , Wuhrer Manfred
Published: September 2017

This study indicates that glycosylation of immunoglobulin G, the most abundant antibody in human blood, may convey useful information with regard to inflammation and metabolic health. IgG occurs in the form of different subclasses, of which the effector functions show significant variation. Our method provides subclass-specific IgG glycosylation profiling, while previous large-scale studies neglected to measure IgG2-specific glycosylation. We analysed the plasma Fc glycosylation profiles of IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4 in a cohort of 1826 individuals by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. For all subclasses, a low level of galactosylation and sialylation and a high degree of core fucosylation associated with poor metabolic health, i.e. increased inflammation as assessed by C-reactive protein, low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglycerides, which are all known to indicate increased risk of cardiovascular disease. IgG2 consistently showed weaker associations of its galactosylation and sialylation with the metabolic markers, compared to IgG1 and IgG4, while the direction of the associations were overall similar for the different IgG subclasses. These findings demonstrate the potential of IgG glycosylation as a biomarker for inflammation and metabolic health, and further research is required to determine the additive value of IgG glycosylation on top of biomarkers which are currently used.
Spontaneous periodic ordering on the surface and in the bulk of dielectrics irradiated by ultrafast laser: a shared electromagnetic origin
Authors: Rudenko Anton , Colombier Jean-Philippe , Höhm Sandra , Rosenfeld Arkadi , Krüger Jörg , Bonse Jörn , Itina Tatiana E.
Published: September 2017

Periodic self-organization of matter beyond the diffraction limit is a puzzling phenomenon, typical both for surface and bulk ultrashort laser processing. Here we compare the mechanisms of periodic nanostructure formation on the surface and in the bulk of fused silica. We show that volume nanogratings and surface nanoripples having subwavelength periodicity and oriented perpendicular to the laser polarization share the same electromagnetic origin. The nanostructure orientation is defined by the near-field local enhancement in the vicinity of the inhomogeneous scattering centers. The periodicity is attributed to the coherent superposition of the waves scattered at inhomogeneities. Numerical calculations also support the multipulse accumulation nature of nanogratings formation on the surface and inside fused silica. Laser surface processing by multiple laser pulses promotes the transition from the high spatial frequency perpendicularly oriented nanoripples to the low spatial frequency ripples, parallel or perpendicular to the laser polarization. The latter structures also share the electromagnetic origin, but are related to the incident field interference with the scattered far-field of rough non-metallic or transiently metallic surfaces. The characteristic ripple appearances are predicted by combined electromagnetic and thermo-mechanical approaches and supported by SEM images of the final surface morphology and by time-resolved pump-probe diffraction measurements.
Enhanced ventral hippocampal synaptic transmission and impaired synaptic plasticity in a rodent model of alcohol addiction vulnerability
Authors: Almonte Antoine G. , Ewin Sarah E. , Mauterer Madelyn I. , Morgan James W. , Carter Eugenia S. , Weiner Jeffrey L.
Published: September 2017

It has long been appreciated that adolescence represents a uniquely vulnerable period when chronic exposure to stressors can precipitate the onset of a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders and addiction in adulthood. However, the neurobiological substrates and the full repertoire of adaptations within these substrates making adolescence a particularly susceptible developmental stage are not well understood. Prior work has demonstrated that a rodent model of adolescent social isolation (aSI) produces robust and persistent increases in phenotypes relevant to anxiety/stressor disorders and alcohol addiction, including anxiogenesis, deficits in fear extinction, and increased ethanol consumption. Here, we used extracellular field recordings in hippocampal slices to investigate adaptations in synaptic function and synaptic plasticity arising from aSI. We demonstrate that this early life stressor leads to enhanced excitatory synaptic transmission and decreased levels of long-term potentiation at hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses. Further, these changes were largely confined to the ventral hippocampus. As the ventral hippocampus is integral to neurocircuitry that mediates emotional behaviors, our results add to mounting evidence that aSI has profound effects on brain areas that regulate affective states. These studies also lend additional support to our recent proposal of the aSI model as a valid model of alcohol addiction vulnerability.
Design and development of polysaccharide hemostatic materials and their hemostatic mechanism
Authors: Yang Xiao , Liu Wen , Li Na , Wang Mingshan , Liang Bin , Ullah Ihsan , Luis Neve Agnaldo , Feng Yakai , Chen Hao , Shi Changcan
Published: September 2017

The formation of stable blood clots or hemostasis is essential to prevent major blood loss and death from excessive bleeding.
Transmutation effects on long-term Cs retention in phyllosilicate minerals from first principles
Authors: Sassi Michel , Okumura Masahiko , Machida Masahiko , Rosso Kevin M.
Published: September 2017

Thermodynamic analysis indicates that radiocesium transmutation in phyllosilicate mineral interlayers weakens the binding of remaining Cs and favors its desorption.
Light induced oxidation of an indoline derived system triggered spherical aggregates
Authors: Mrinalini Madoori , Vamsi Krishna Narra , Krishna Jonnadula V. S. , Prasanthkumar Seelam , Giribabu Lingamallu
Published: September 2017

A novel indoline assisted InBT system displayed a visible colour transitions from pink to orange to yellow in chloroform owing to the photooxidation of N,N-dimethyl indoline by light irradiation at excitation wavelengths of 320 and 500 nm, which leads to spherical assemblies.
Designing bifunctional alkene isomerization catalysts using predictive modelling
Authors: Landman Iris R. , Paulson Erik R. , Rheingold Arnold L. , Grotjahn Douglas B. , Rothenberg Gadi
Published: September 2017

Optimised isomerisation catalysts are found using an iterative approach combining experimental studies and descriptor modelling.
Chemistry and radiochemistry of As, Re and Rh isotopes relevant to radiopharmaceutical applications: high specific activity radionuclides for imaging and treatment
Authors: Feng Yutian , Phelps Tim E. , Carroll Valerie , Gallazzi Fabio , Sieckman Gary , Hoffman Timothy J. , Barnes Charles L. , Ketring Alan R. , Hennkens Heather M. , Jurisson Silvia S.
Published: September 2017

Advances in production, separation, target recovery, and chelation chemistry of high specific activity radionuclides will promote new theranostic agent development.
The cytotoxicity and mechanism of action of new multinuclear Scaffold AuIII, PdIIpincer complexes containing a bis(diphenylphosphino) ferrocene/non-ferrocene ligand
Authors: Tabrizi Leila , Chiniforoshan Hossein
Published: September 2017

New multinuclear gold(iii), palladium(ii) pincer complexes containing bis(diphenylphosphino) ferrocene/non-ferrocene ligands were investigated for their cytotoxicity and mechanism of action.
KLi3Fe(C2O4)3: a perovskite-like compound with 1 : 3 ordering at both A and B sites
Authors: Yao Wenjiao , Guo Yuan-Yuan , Lightfoot Philip
Published: September 2017

KLi3Fe(C2O4)3 adopts a perovskite-like structure with a unique 1 : 3 cation ordering pattern at both A and B sites.
Human milk peptides differentiate between the preterm and term infant and across varying lactational stages
Authors: Dingess Kelly A. , de Waard Marita , Boeren Sjef , Vervoort Jacques , Lambers Tim T. , van Goudoever Johannes B. , Hettinga Kasper
Published: September 2017

Variations in endogenous peptide profiles, functionality, and the enzymes responsible for the formation of these peptides in human milk are understudied.
Evaluation and optimization of reduction and alkylation methods to maximize peptide identification with MS-based proteomics
Authors: Suttapitugsakul Suttipong , Xiao Haopeng , Smeekens Johanna , Wu Ronghu
Published: September 2017

Here reduction and alkylation with commonly used reagents were systematically evaluated and optimized for MS-based bottom-up proteomics.
Role of solvent properties of water in crowding effects induced by macromolecular agents and osmolytes
Authors: Ferreira L. A. , Uversky V. N. , Zaslavsky B. Y.
Published: September 2017

Dipolarity/polarizability of water in polymer mixtures may be additive, reduced or enhanced depending on the composition of the mixture.
Beyond native block copolymer morphologies
Authors: Doerk Gregory S. , Yager Kevin G.
Published: September 2017

Block copolymers self-assemble into a range of canonical morphologies. Here, we review a broad range of techniques for inducing these materials to form structures beyond the ‘native’ morphologies seen in the bulk equilibrium phase diagram. Methods that exploit intrinsic encoding (molecular design) and external enforcement (directed assembly) are compared.
Facile synthesis of chitin nanocrystals decorated on 3D cellulose aerogels as a new multi-functional material for waste water treatment with enhanced anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant properties
Authors: Gopi Sreerag , Balakrishnan Preetha , Divya Chandradhara , Valic Srecko , Govorcin Bajsic Emi , Pius Anitha , Thomas Sabu
Published: September 2017

We report the fabrication and application of multi-functional hybrid bio-aerogels based on cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and chitin nanocrystals (CNCs).
Machine learnt bond order potential to model metal–organic (Co–C) heterostructures
Authors: Narayanan Badri , Chan Henry , Kinaci Alper , Sen Fatih G. , Gray Stephen K. , Chan Maria K. Y. , Sankaranarayanan Subramanian K. R. S.
Published: September 2017

We develop a bond-order based interatomic potential for cobalt–carbon from first-principles data using machine learning. This model accurately captures structural, thermodynamic, surface and mechanical properties of metal–organic heterostructures within a single robust framework.
Chiral triptycene-pyrene π-conjugated chromophores with circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Ikai Tomoyuki , Wada Yuya , Awata Seiya , Yun Changsik , Maeda Katsuhiro , Mizuno Motohiro , Swager Timothy M.
Published: September 2017

Novel chiral triptycenes showing circularly polarized luminescence based on the supramolecular chirality induced in the hydrogen-bonded aggregate have been developed.
Drug induced self-assembly of triblock copolymers into polymersomes for the synergistic dual-drug delivery of platinum drugs and paclitaxel
Authors: Callari Manuela , Wong Sandy , Lu Hongxu , Aldrich-Wright Janice , de Souza Paul , Stenzel Martina H.
Published: September 2017

Co-delivery of two drugs in one nanoparticle is increasingly used to overcome, for example, multi-drug resistance in cancer therapy and therefore suitable drug carriers need to be developed.
A series of pentanary inorganic supramolecular sulfides (A3X)[MB12(MS4)3] (A = K, Cs; X = Cl, Br, I; M = Ga, In, Gd) featuring B12S12clusters
Authors: Sun Zong-Dong , Chi Yang , Xue Huai-Guo , Guo Sheng-Ping
Published: September 2017

A series of multinary thiogallate- or thioindate-closo-dodecaborates synthesized by solid state reactions demonstrate second-harmonic generation behaviors.
Fabrication of oxidase-like hollow MnCo2O4 nanofibers and their sensitive colorimetric detection of sulfite and l-cysteine
Authors: Gao Mu , Lu Xiaofeng , Chi Maoqiang , Chen Sihui , Wang Ce
Published: September 2017

Hollow MnCo2O4 nanofibers as efficient oxidase mimics for sensitive detection of sulfite and l-cysteine have been developed.
Radical-mediated synthesis of γ-lactones by copper-catalyzed intermolecular carboesterification of alkenes with α-carbonyl alkyl bromides and H2O
Authors: Pan Gao-Hui , Song Ren-Jie , Li Jin-Heng
Published: September 2017

A novel copper-catalyzed intermolecular carboesterification strategy of alkenes with α-carbonyl alkyl bromides is described.
Scandium-catalyzed C(sp3)–H alkylation of N,N-dimethyl anilines with alkenes
Authors: Gao Hongjie , Su Jianhong , Xu Pengfei , Xu Xin
Published: September 2017

A scandium complex enabled an atom- and step-economical C(sp3)–H addition of N,N-dimethyl anilines to a variety of unactivated alkenes affording branched products.
Specific identification of human transferrin conformations using a cyanine dye supramolecular assembly
Authors: Zhang Xiufeng , Lan Ling , Yang Shu , Rui Yulan , Li Qian , Chen Hongbo , Sun Xin , Yang Qianfan , Tang Yalin
Published: September 2017

A new method to recognize human transferrin open conformation (apo-Tf) was developed using cyanine dye (MTC) supramolecular assembly.
The application of a UHPLC system to study the formation of various chemical species by compounds undergoing efficient self-aggregation and to determine the homodimerization constants (KDM) with values in the high range of 106–1010 M−1
Authors: Hetmańska Magdalena , Maciejewski Andrzej
Published: September 2017

This work demonstrates a new concept for the use of UHPLC method for identification of the species formed by a self-aggregating compound depending on its concentration and solvent used and to determine homodimerization constants, KDM = 106–1010 M−1.
Dimension-dependent band alignment and excitonic effects in graphitic carbon nitride: a many-body perturbation and time-dependent density functional theory study
Authors: Espinosa-García W. F. , Osorio-Guillén J. M. , Araujo C. Moyses
Published: September 2017

First-principles many-body theory and time-dependent density functional theory were used to study the dimension effects on the band alignment and optical properties of s-triazine and graphitic C3N4.
Theoretical insights into the reaction of Cp*(Cl)Hf(diene) with isonitriles
Authors: Du Ming-Ran , Zhang Xiang-Biao , Si Sheng-Meng , Wang Lei
Published: September 2017

The reaction of Cp*(Cl)Hf(2,3-dimethylbutadiene) with isonitriles is theoretically investigated, and detailed elementary reactions and the substitution effects are examined.
Network-based collaborative filtering recommendation model for inferring novel disease-related miRNAs
Authors: Gu Changlong , Liao Bo , Li Xiaoying , Cai Lijun , Chen Haowen , Li Keqin , Yang Jialiang
Published: September 2017

According to the miRNA and disease similarity network, the unknown associations are predicted by combining the known miRNA-disease association network based on collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm.
Electrochemical recognition and quantification of cytochrome c expression in Bacillus subtilis and aerobe/anaerobe Escherichia coli using N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-para-phenylene-diamine (TMPD)
Authors: Kuss S. , Tanner E. E. L. , Ordovas-Montanes M. , Compton R. G.
Published: September 2017

Transferring the colorimetric oxidase test to electrochemistry: quantitative detection of bacteria by means of cytochrome c oxidase.
Quasielastic neutron scattering study of microscopic dynamics in polybutadiene reinforced with an unsaturated carboxylate
Authors: Mashita Ryo , Inoue Rintaro , Tominaga Taiki , Shibata Kaoru , Kishimoto Hiroyuki , Kanaya Toshiji
Published: September 2017

The dynamics of BR is heterogeneous in ZDA/BR and a rigid network-like structure is responsible for its high elastic modulus.
Anionic wood nanofibers produced from unbleached mechanical pulp by highly efficient chemical modification
Authors: Sirviö Juho Antti , Visanko Miikka
Published: September 2017

An easily produced deep eutectic solvent was used as an efficient reaction medium for the chemical modification of lignin-rich groundwood pulp to obtain highly charged anionic wood nanofibers.
Printing ultrathin graphene oxide nanofiltration membranes for water purification
Authors: Fathizadeh Mahdi , Tien Huynh Ngoc , Khivantsev Konstantin , Chen Jung-Tsai , Yu Miao
Published: September 2017

We demonstrated for the first time that inkjet printing can be a low-cost, easy, fast, and scalable method for depositing ultrathin (7.5–60 nm) uniform graphene oxide (GO) nanofiltration membranes on polymeric supports for highly effective water purification.
Copper deficient Zn–Cu–In–Se quantum dot sensitized solar cells for high efficiency
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Pan Zhenxiao , Wang Wei , Du Jun , Ren Zhenwei , Shen Qing , Zhong Xinhua
Published: September 2017

Copper deficient non-stoichiometric Zn–Cu–In–Se QDs were developed to improve the performance of QDSCs.
Metal organic framework derived mesoporous carbon nitrides with a high specific surface area and chromium oxide nanoparticles for CO2 and hydrogen adsorption
Authors: Joseph Stalin , Kempaiah Devaraju M. , Benzigar Mercy , Baskar Arun V. , Talapaneni Siddulu N. , Jhung Sung Hwa , Park Dae-Hwan , Vinu Ajayan
Published: September 2017

A simple and versatile method for the preparation of mesoporous carbon nitrides functionalized with highly dispersed chromium oxide nanoparticles by using MIL-100(Cr) for CO2 and H2 adsorption is reported.
Azetidinium lead iodide for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Pering S. R. , Deng W. , Troughton J. R. , Kubiak P. S. , Ghosh D. , Niemann R. G. , Brivio F. , Jeffrey F. E. , Walker A. B. , Islam M. S. , Watson T. M. , Raithby P. R. , Johnson A. L. , Lewis S. E. , Cameron P. J.
Published: September 2017

Azetidinium lead iodide has been prepared for the first time; it is a stable, bright orange material that can act as the absorber layer in solar cells.
Selectively doping pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen into a 3D porous carbon matrix through template-induced edge engineering: enhanced catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Luo Ergui , Xiao Meiling , Ge Junjie , Liu Changpeng , Xing Wei
Published: September 2017

Selectively pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen doped porous carbon was synthesized and acted as an excellent electrocatalyst for the ORR.
Controlled protein adsorption and delivery of thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanogels
Authors: Wu Yuzheng , Li Haifeng , Rao Zhouquan , Li Huaqiang , Wu Yan , Zhao Jianhao , Rong Jianhua
Published: September 2017

Controlled protein adsorption and delivery of thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanogels by tailoring the temperature and pH value of the medium.
Impact of structurally modifying hyaluronic acid on CD44 interaction
Authors: Bhattacharya D. S. , Svechkarev D. , Souchek J. J. , Hill T. K. , Taylor M. A. , Natarajan A. , Mohs A. M.
Published: September 2017

Deacetylation and sulfation of HA results in minimized binding with CD44.
An air-stable ultraviolet photodetector based on mesoporous TiO2/spiro-OMeTAD
Authors: Bai Huiwen , Shen Ting , Tian Jianjun
Published: September 2017

A spiro-OMeTAD/mesoporous TiO2 heterojunction structure was developed for a highly sensitive and air-stable ultraviolet photodetector.
Grain boundary scattering effects on mobilities in p-type polycrystalline SnSe
Authors: Wang Si , Hui Si , Peng Kunling , Bailey Trevor P. , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Tang Xinfeng , Uher Ctirad
Published: September 2017

Grain boundary scattering is the dominant reason for the deteriorated performance of polycrystalline SnSe compared to single crystals.
Surface treatment via Li-bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide to eliminate the hysteresis and enhance the efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Chen Cong , Yang Guang , Ma Junjie , Zheng Xiaolu , Chen Zhiliang , Zhang Qi , Fang Guojia
Published: September 2017

We showed that perovskite solar cells employing Li-treated NiOxas a hole transport layer demonstrated excellent photovoltaic performance, and obtained a power conversion efficiency of up to 18.03%. In addition, the device possessed good long-term stability.
Nanoparticulate titanium dioxide-inhibited dendritic development is involved in apoptosis and autophagy of hippocampal neurons in offspring mice
Authors: Zhou Yingjun , Hong Fashui , Tian Yusheng , Zhao Xiangyu , Hong Jie , Ze Yuguan , Wang Ling
Published: September 2017

Numerous studies have demonstrated that, upon maternal exposure, nano-TiO2 can cross the placental barrier, accumulate in offspring animals, and cause neurotoxicity.
A triple‐step non‐linear control for path following of autonomous vehicles with uncertain kinematics and dynamics
Authors: Wang Yulei , Bian Ning , Li Jingyu , Yuan Jingxin , Chen Hong
Published: September 2017

The authors investigate the control problem for autonomous vehicle with both the uncertain kinematics and dynamics. The authors propose a triple‐step control scheme to realise the objective of the path following irrespective of the uncertain kinematics and dynamics. The proposed control strategy has the desirable modularisation property that yields an explicit expression without the expense of complicated control structure. The performance of the proposed controller is shown by benchmark simulations.
IoT technologiesfor smart cities
Authors: Hammi Badis , Khatoun Rida , Zeadally Sherali , Fayad Achraf , Khoukhi Lyes
Published: September 2017

The large deployment of Internet of things (IoT) is actually enabling smart city projects and initiatives all over the world. Objects used in daily life are being equipped with electronic devices and protocol suites in order to make them interconnected and connected to the Internet. According to a recent Gartner study, 50 billion connected objects will be deployed in smart cities by 2020. These connected objects will make the authors’ cities smart. However, they will also open up risks and privacy issues. As various smart city initiatives and projects have been launched in recent years, theyhave witnessed not only the expected benefits, but the risks introduced. They describe the current and future trends of smart city and IoT. They also discuss the interaction between smart cities and IoT and explain some of the drivers behind the evolution and development of IoT and smart city. Finally, they discuss some of the IoT weaknesses and how they can be addressed when used for smart cities.