bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunoprotective therapy for suppression of humoral immune response induced by hypoxia and toxemia
Authors: Alexandrov V. N. , Zarubin I. V. , Kondratenko A. A. , Mikhaylova E. V. , Kromskiy S. V. , Sigareva L. P. , Gorichny V. A. , Pak N. V. , Slizhov P. A. , Kokorina A. A.
Published: July 2021

The possibility of using preparations limiting toxemia and hypoxia, in particular inhibitors of proteoletic enzymes and antihypoxants, as preparations having immunoprotective activity is considered. Under the conditions of the experimental model of severe mechanical injury on mice-hybrids of the first generation F1 (CBAC57BL6), the immunoprotective activity of such antihypoxants as amtisol and a derivative of 1, 2, 4-triazino-5, 6 indole, as well as a counterkal, a drug limiting toxemia and a cationoacceptor preparation of dimexide, administered to immunized erythythermal It has been shown that in the body of mice receiving antihypoxants, contrical and dimexide accumulate significantly more antibody-forming cells compared to their number in animals of the control group. Thus, amtisol, a derivative of 1, 2, 4-triazino-5, 6 indole, contrical and dimexide can be considered not only as preparations for pathogenetic therapy of trauma, but also as immunoprotectors drugs that indirectly limit the formation of post-traumatic immunodeficiency and the risk of infection in an immunocompromised host. The risk of infectious complications and the generalization of the inflammatory process in patients after severe mechanical injury is more than 50%. Prevention of infectious complications of traumatic disease should be comprehensive and aimed at correcting the function of the immune system.
Features of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures among the personnel of camp training events in military educational organizations in the context of the spread of the new COVID-19 coronavirus infection
Authors: Kuzin A. A. , Zobov A. E. , Lantsov E. V. , Yakovlev A. G. , Panov A. A. , Kalimullin O. A. , Lemeshchenko A. V. , Artebyakin S. V.
Published: July 2021

The experience of medical maintenance for assembly events annually held on the basis of the educational process of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov. The main directions of the organization of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures among the personnel at each stage of the camp gathering have been determined. It is shown that at the preparatory stage it is advisable to develop additional plans that concretize sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures for the stages of the camp gathering. At the stage of accepting participants, the main direction is the organization of events that prevent the introduction of infection with the arriving personnel. At the main stage of the camp training, the leading role belongs to disinfection measures. At the stage of departure of participants, the main efforts should be focused on minimizing the potential risk of infection along the route and the introduction of infection into their military units. The features of disinfection are described depending on the type of object being processed. The results of testing a designed device for fixing dispensers with a skin antiseptic on the basis of a unified military stand in a camp gathering are presented. The features of the organization of medical control over the material and household provision of the personnel of the training camp are stated. The basic principles of prophylaxis and anti-epidemic protection during assembly activities in the context of the spread of COVID-19 have been formulated.
Sanitary and parasitological state of water bodites in the Аstrakhan region
Authors: Arakelyan R. S. , Shendo G. L.
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the sanitary and parasitological state of water bodies in the Astrakhan region in 20152019. A total of 16683 laboratory studies of water samples were conducted during the analyzed period. The number of samples taken from various environmental objects was 15253 (91,4%), of which 2595 (17%) were water samples taken from various water bodies. Of the last 82 (3,2%), samples did not meet sanitary standards. Centralized water supply was tested for parasitic contamination in 666 (25,7%) samples, swimming pool water in 947 (36,5%) samples, open water (river water) in 696 (26,8%) and wastewater in 286 (11%) samples. Of the 635 (24,5%) water samples collected in 2015, 14 (2,2%) did not meet hygiene standards. Of the 671 (25,9%) samples taken in 2016, 32 (4,8%) samples showed positive findings. Percentage of water samples collected and examined in 2017 it accounted for 463 (17,8%) of all water samples studied during the analyzed period, of which 14 (3%) did not meet sanitary standards. The share of water samples selected and tested for parasitic indicators in 2018 was 518 (22,4%), of which 18 (3,5%) samples did not meet the hygiene standards. In 2019, compared to previous years, the number of water samples taken for parasitic indicators decreased several times and amounted to 308 (11,9%), of which positive findings were noted in 4 (1,3%) samples. The absence of positive findings in water samples taken from Central water supply facilities indicates high-quality filtration and prevention of these facilities. The presence of cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa, as well as eggs and larvae of helminths in water samples taken from swimming pools and open reservoirs indicates fecal contamination of these objects. The presence of positive findings in wastewater samples indicates that sewage treatment plants do not provide reliable deworming and disinfection of wastewater.
The Ladoga Tragedy of September 17, 1941: Underreported Facts
Authors: Shevchuk I. A. , Arutyunyan L. V. , Petreev I. V.
Published: July 2021

The topic of studying the history of the great Patriotic war, which is still relevant, is reflected. One of the little known pages of the besieged Leningrad is presented-the story of the death of people in the Ladoga tragedy on September 17, 1941 on barge No. 752. It considers the beginning of water evacuation from the blockaded Leningrad. Based on the memories of participants in those events and a number of documents, the paper discloses the factors that resulted in mass death of Red Navy officers, among whom were cadets and officers of the Dzerzhinsky High Navy Engineering School, Ordzhonikidze Navy Hydrographic School, graduates of the Naval Medical Academy, and their family members. The reasons of the tragedy were significant overload of the barge, underestimated unfavourable weather forecasts, lack of evacuation plan, unsuitable floating craft for transporting people, and neglected safety. Archival materials made it possible to reconstruct the barge sinking. Surge of Hitlers troop attacks in early times of the Great Patriotic War predetermined a less-than-prompt organisation of evacuation from Leningrad. This also was due to the fact that pre-war mobilisation plans did not consider mass evacuation measures and, accordingly, there were no clear tried and true plans. The authors of the article present separate archival summaries of the said events.
Vasubandhu. [“The Great Compassion and the Perfections of All Buddhas”]. A Fragment of the Seventh Part of Abhidharmakośabhāṣya
Authors: Ostrovskaia Helena P.
Published: July 2021

The paper presents a commented translation of the fragment Jāna-nirdeśa (The doctrine of knowledge) from the seventh part of the exegetic compendium Abhidharmakośabhāya ascribed to the eminent medieval Buddhist thinker Vasubandhu (4th5th centuries AD). The fragment can be used as a historical source for the study of evolution of the image of the Buddha in post-Canonical treatises where the real Śakyamuni was invested with the attributes of a transcendental object of religious cult. The text explicates the conceptual differences between the great compassion (mahākāruā), treated as the Buddhas attribute, and compassion (kāruā) as a characteristic trait of enlightened ascetics (śravakas and pratyekabuddhas) and explains the postulate of identity of all buddhas perfections (the perfection of religious merits and knowledge, the perfection of the Dharmic body, the perfection of serving all sentient beings). This is the first translation based on the Sanskrit edition by P. Pradhan (Pradhan 1967: 414416).
Preliminary Findings about the “Okulich” Collection of Chinese Popular Prints (MAE No. 3676) in the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (The Kunstkamera)
Authors: Vinogradova Tatiana I. , Zavidovskaia Ekaterina A.
Published: July 2021

There are several collections of Chinese popular woodblock prints nianhua in the fund of the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences (the Kunstkamera) acquired from different collectors. The paper addresses the so-called Okulich collection (MAE No. 3676) consisting of 250 original titles, most of which possess undoubted artistic value. According to the dated sheets, the prints were produced in the last years of the 19th century, and no later than 1904. We only know that, in 1928, a man named Okulich donated these prints to the Kunstkamera. Two groups of paintings from this collection are discussed in more detail: a series of prints that represent illustrations for the main Chinese textbook The Thousand Character Essay (Qian zi wen), and those named xiaojiaochang nianhua printed in Shanghai in the early 20th century. Their scrutiny allows us to conclude that the collector was both serious and skillful in selecting sheets for this collection: apart from being fluent in Chinese, he was a connoisseur of Chinese traditional culture and lived in China for a long time. We discovered a large family with surname Okulich who lived in China in the first half of the last century, and contacted a member of this family, but she was unable to help us with identifying the potential collector.
Old Uyghur Sitātapatrā dhāraṇī fragments preserved in the State Hermitage Museum
Authors: Kiliç Cengiz Ayşe , Turanskaya Anna A.
Published: July 2021

Due to the publication of N. Pchelin and S.-C. Rashmann Turfan manuscripts in the State Hermitage a rediscovery was published (2016), it became obvious that some some fragments of manuscripts and blockprints in different languages originally discovered during the four German Turfan expeditions (19021914) and later housed in the Museum fr Vlkerkunde (Berlin) for exhibition reasons, are preserved nowadays in the depot of the State Hermitage Museum. The present article deals with two Old Uyghur fragments of Sitātapatrā dhāraṇī blockprinted during the Yuan era. This paper presents codicological description of the fragments, and transcription, transliteration, translation and facsimiles of the preserved parts of text
Kurdish poets: from the history of Kurdish literary studies
Authors: Yusupova Zare A.
Published: July 2021

The article presents an account of the history of Kurdish literary studies (based on sources available to the author). The literature, discussed in this work, covers the period from the late Middle ages to the middle of the 20th c. The article gives an extent survey of the researches on Kurdish literature which exists in various dialects. It also defines the tasks for the studies of the Kurdish literature.
Who was collecting Hebrew books in the capital of Russian Empire and why
Authors: Iakerson Shimon M.
Published: July 2021

By the beginning of the 20th century a unique collection of Hebrew manuscripts (more than 20000 units) and first printed books was formed in the capital of the Russian Empire. These books ended up in St.Petersburg as part of several private collections, such as the collection of a Protestant paleographer and Biblical scholar Konstantin von Tischendorf, of the Karaite leader Avraam Firkovich, of the Archimandrite Antonin Kapustin, of the Barons Gnzburg, of a First Guild merchant Moses Aryeh Leib Friedland and of an Orientalist Professor Daniel Chwolson. The history of these collections and the motives of the collecting activity of their owners are the subject of this article.
Business Analysis of Puff Pastry Dough as a Gluten-free Casein-free Diet based on MOCAF Flour and Moringa Leaves for Autism Children
Authors: Gusti Sunsya Putri Cahyaning , Rohajatien Ummi , Soekopitojo Soenar , Wibowotomo Budi , Devi Mazarina , Yulianingrum Rizki , Wahyuni Wiwik
Published: July 2021

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has a digestive disorder called intestinal mucosal hypermeability, it happens because autism children cannot digest foods that contain gluten and casein, this problem can be overcome by implementing the GFCF (gluten-free casein-free) diet. The purpose of this study was to analyze the dream pastry business opportunity, which is a sheet-shaped puff pastry dough applying GFCF diet therapy. This puff pastry dough is in the shape of a sheet so that it is easy to make creation foods according to the autism children’s favorites. Dream Pastry product design is made from MOCAF flour as a source of gluten-free carbohydrates. It combined with Moringa leaf powder as a natural colorant. Dream Pastry's product development analysis consists of developing product concepts and developing business opportunities. The product concept development consists of processing MOCAF, Moringa leaves to the MOCAF-Moringa combination. Meanwhile, business opportunity analysis uses open a business straight in demand and the analysis of STP (Segmenting, Targeting, Positioning). The analysis were carried out using Market Sizing, while the market potential prediction used TAM (Total Available Market) of autism children recorded in Indonesia as many as 16,987 students. Then, for the SAM (Served Available Market), the author chose East Java as the initial market niche for product distribution. Also, the prediction of sales in the first month called SOM (Share of Market) as many as 106 boxes.
Effect of strength training on people with HIV and immunometabolic disorders
Authors: dos Santos WR , dos Santos WR , Pinheiro Paes P , Tenório Ramos KE , Dantas Botelho EH , Ferreira-Silva IA , de Queiroz Balbino V , Morais Fernandes AP
Published: July 2021

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was able to help to control viral condition in patients living with HIV/AIDS, diminishing virus concentration and increasing T CD4 + cells. However, adverse effects follow the treatment, like lipodystrophy syndrome, characterized by morphological changes in body fat distribution and changes serum lipids and glycides levels, increasing the risk for chronical diseases with cardiovascular effects. Thus, complimentary non-drug practices, as strength training, are essential to treat these patients, helping to improve their immunometabolic condition, leading to a better coping with the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a 12-week strength training protocol on immunometabolic system of people living with HIV/AIDS. It is a quasi-experimental study, conducted on 20 patients (16 men), all living with HIV/AIDS using HAART. T CD4 + cell numbers, serum triglycerides, cholesterol (total and fractions) and glycemia were measured before and after training. The data underwent to descriptive statistics using a paired T test, with the significance level set at p <0.05.There was a significant increase of 15.4% (p=0.009) on T CD4 + cells and, although not statistically significant, reduction on glycemia, total cholesterol and triglycerides and increase on HDL-cholesterol fraction. So, it is suggested that strength training may be effective on immunometabolic condition of people living with HIV / AIDS, increasing T CD4+ cells and controlling serum levels of lipids and glycides.
Experimental pilot study after surgery on a food supplement for athletes to protect articular knee cartilage. A functional and biochemical study
Authors: Alfaro-Adrián J , Araña Ciordia M , Barajas Vélez M
Published: July 2021

This double-blind experimental study evaluates the efficacy of chondroprotective supplementation (Carticure Plus®, 5000 mg Collagen – Bioactive Peptides, 1500 mg Glucosamine Hydrochloride, 1200 mg Chondroitin Sulfate, 1.1 mg Copper, 80 mg Vitamin C, 2 mg Manganese) in patients with meniscal and ligament pathology who have required arthroscopic surgery. 12 patients with ligamentous injury and 12 patients with meniscopathy were selected, who underwent the measurement of different inflammatory markers using ELISA, collagen 2A and hyaluronic acid, in addition to evaluating pain as well as functionality and quality of life through VAS (Visual Analogue Scale), WOMAC (Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) and KOOS (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score). Statistically significant differences of clinical improvement were observed in favor of Carticure Plus®, with an improvement in the functional capacity of the WOMAC scale, 76% Carticure Plus® vs 53% placebo, for all patients and with a clear improvement in the first month in meniscal injury, in improvement of the activities of daily life (KOOS), Carticure Plus® 31% vs placebo -1%, sports activity, (Carticure Plus® 41% vs placebo 13,2%) and sports and recreational activities (KOOS) (Carticure Plus® 128% vs Placebo 10,4%). On the other hand, in ligamentous injury an improvement in quality of life (KOOS) Carticure Plus® 75% vs Placebo -8,8% and pain (KOOS) Carticure Plus® 49,6% vs Placebo 0,3% was observed in the first month compared to the baseline. In the patient group, pain (KOOS) Carticure Plus® 31,4% vs Placebo 1,3% and activities of daily living (KOOS) Carticure Plus® 43,9% vs Placebo 27,1% in the third month from baseline, are associated with an improvement due to Carticure Plus® when compared to the placebo group. Despite the small sample size, it is remarkable the fact that statistically significant differences have been found, the efficacy of Carticure Plus® could be assumed.
Systematic review of the effects of physical activity during pregnancy
Authors: Córdoba-Caro LG , Barrantes-Borrachero I , Corchado-Gómez M , Oliva-Mendoza G , Parra-Chamizo M , Viera-León C
Published: July 2021

There are many queries regarding about the effects of physical activity during the gestation period. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review in order to find out the effectiveness of physical activity during pregnancy, as well as to determine which are the most beneficial. For this purpose, several databases have been used, such as Scopus, Scielo, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, Springer Link, World Wide Science, MedlinePlus, Dialnet and Google Scholar using the keywords “physical activity” and “pregnancy”. The documents selected were 79, including articles and theses in Spanish and English published between 2004 and 2020. To carry out the descriptive analysis, eight variables have been extracted: research objectives, mean age of pregnant women, data collection tools, planning of physical activities performed, gestational period in which physical activities begin, the most frequent mode of delivery, intensity of activities and results of the study. After that, they have combined with each other, in order to obtain outcomes. The outcomes indicate that the main objective of the studies is to evaluate the effect of physical activity on the health of the mother over thirty years of age and that the period in which it is most commonly put into practice is from the first and second trimesters onwards. In conclusion, physical activity has very positive effects on pregnant women, as it does not alter the health of either the mother or the child. Likewise, the most beneficial are activities programs with moderate intensity.
Evaluation methods and objectives for neuromuscular and hemodynamic responses subsequent to different rest intervals in resistance training: a systematic review
Authors: da Silva JB , de Lima e Silva L , Moreira Nunes RA , Casimiro Lopes G , Braga de Mello D , Pinheiro Lima V , Gomes de Souza Vale R
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The training routine planned, and performed correctly results in exercises that, systematically organized, influence the levels of strength, and muscle hypertrophy. However, the magnitudes of these gains vary considerably. To optimize these gains, it is important to underst, and the interaction between training variables such as external load, volume, number of exercises, number of repetitions, duration of repetitions, the order of exercises, number of series, recovery interval between series, and the exercises, as well as the time under tension. The influence of the recovery interval on the response following exercise on neuromuscular components is very important. However, different objectives, and instruments are used to evaluate these responses. Objective: The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the assessment methods, and objectives for responses after different recovery intervals in strength training. METHODS: The present study is characterized by a systematic review study. Articles found in the following databases were considered for the systematic review: Scopus, PubMed / MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library. The following descriptors, and their respective synonyms according to the terms MeSH were used in the databases, both singular, and plural: “Resistance Training”, “Rest Interval”, and “Bech Press”. As filters were used: a) species (humans), and type of study (original). Results: Seven studies were analyzed that met the established criteria. Conclusion: The studies presented have verified the influence of different recovery intervals on muscle, and hemodynamic responses. Evaluating image measurements such as ultrasound, and resonance, blood measurements such as GH, Testosterone, IGF-1, and Lactate, number of repetitions for performance, and fatigue, as well as heart rate, and blood pressure.
Numerical Optimization of Drying Energy Consumption from Multiple Jets Impinging on a Moving Curved Surface
Authors: Chitsazan Ali , Klepp Georg , Glasmacher Birgit , Pour Kamyar Mohammad
Published: July 2021

Due to the increasing energy cost, the efficiency of the industrial dryer as the energy-intensive processes should be improved. The designer should optimize the design parameters of industrial drying equipment to achieve the minimum drying energy consumption. SST k-ω turbulence model is used to simulate a real geometry for industrial drying applications. For the optimization of the impinging round jet, the specific drying energy consumption is set as the objective function to be minimized. The jet to surface distance, jet to jet spacing, jet inlet velocity, jet angle, and surface velocity are chosen as the design parameters. The SHERPA search algorithm is used to search for the optimal point from the weighted sum of all objectives method. One correlation is developed and validated for the specific drying energy consumption. It is found that the SST k-ω turbulence model succeeded with reasonable accuracy in reproducing the experimental results. The minimum specific energy consumption correlates with high values of the jet to jet spacing, jet angle, and surface velocity and low values of the nozzle to surface distance and jet inlet velocity. The agreement in the prediction of the specific drying energy consumption between the numerical simulation and correlation is found to be reasonable and all the data points deviate from the correlation by less than 7%.
Nonlinear Magneto Convection in a Rotating Fluid due to Vertical Magnetic Field and Vertical Axis of Rotation
Authors: Babu Avula Benerji , Reddy Gundlapally Shiva Kumar , Koteswararao Nilam Venkata
Published: July 2021

In the present paper, linear and weakly nonlinear analysis of magnetoconvection in a rotating fluid due to the vertical magnetic field and the vertical axis of rotation are presented. For linear stability analysis, the normal mode analysis is utilized to find the Rayleigh number which is the function of Taylor number, Magnetic Prandtl number, Thermal Prandtl number and Chandrasekhar number. Also, the correlation between the Rayleigh number and wave number is graphically analyzed. The parameter regimes for the existence of pitchfork, Takens-Bogdanov and Hopf bifurcations are reported. Small-amplitude modulation is considered to derive the Newell-Whitehead-Segel equation and using its phase-winding solution, the conditions for the occurrence of Eckhaus and zigzag secondary instabilities are obtained. The system of coupled Landau-Ginzburg equations is derived. The travelling wave and standing wave solutions for the Newell-Whitehead-Segel equation are also presented. For, standing waves and travelling waves, the stability regions are identified.
An Individual Household-Based Heating Metering and Charging Management System for Central Heating in Community Residential Buildings
Authors: Zhang Fengqin
Published: July 2021

The optimization of heating metering method in the heating season has very important and practical value for energy saving and emission reduction, however, existing studies haven’t comprehensively analyzed the heating metering and charging management systems adopted by residential buildings with adjustable heat supply, and the problem of fair heat sharing hasn’t been well solved yet. To fill in this research gap, this paper designed an individual household-based heating metering and charging management system. At first, the paper gave the structure of the system and introduced the system functions, then, it analyzed the hydraulic characteristics of the heating system and the influence on the heat dissipation volume of the radiator, and constructed the heating metering and heat distribution model. At last, the paper proposed a scheme for heating metering and heat sharing in cases of normal operation and on-off heating adjustment of individual household radiator, and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme was verified via experimental results.
A Tabu Search Algorithm for General Threshold Visual Cryptography Schemes
Authors: Rao Kanusu Srinivasa , Sridhar Mandapati
Published: July 2021

In Visual Cryptography Schemes (VCSs), for message n transparencies are generated, such that the original message is visible if any k of them are stacked. VCS especially for large values of k and n, the pixel expansion’s reduction and enhancement of the recovered images’ display quality continue to be critical issues. In addition to this, it is challenging to develop a practical and systematic approach to threshold VCSs. An optimization-based pixel-expansion-free threshold VCSs approach has been proposed for binary secret images’ encryption. Along with contrast, blackness is also treated as a performance metric for assessing the recovered images’ display quality. An ideally secure technique for a secret image’s protection through its partition into shadow images (known as shadows) is the Visual Secret Sharing (VSS) scheme. Acquirement of a smaller shadow size or a higher contrast is the VSS schemes’ latest focus. The white pixels’ frequency has been utilized to demonstrate the recovered image’s contrast in this work. While the Probabilistic VSS (ProbVSS) scheme is non-expansible, it can also be readily deployed depending upon the traditional VSS scheme. Initially, this work has defined the problem as a mathematical optimization model such that, while contingent on blackness and density-balance constraints, there is the maximization of the recovered images’ contrast. Afterward, an algorithm dependent on the Tabu Search (TS) is devised in this work for this problem’s resolution. Multiple complicated combinatorial problems have been successfully resolved with the powerful TS algorithm. Moreover, this work has attempted to bolster the contrast through the density-balance constraint’s slight relaxation. Compared to the older techniques, the proposed optimization-based approach is superior regarding the recovered images’ display quality and the pixel expansion factor from the experimental outcomes.
Estimation of Ecotoxicity of Bismuth by Catalase Activity Depending on the Chemical Compounds and Buffer Soils
Authors: Sudina Lyudmila V. , Kolesnikov Sergey I. , Minnikova Tatiana V. , Ter-Misakyants Tigran A. , Nevedomaya Еlena N. , Kazeev Kamil Sh.
Published: July 2021

The results of studies of changes in the activity of catalase in ordinary chernozem, brown forest soil and sierosands under pollution with different of the bismuth chemical compounds: bismuth oxide, carbonate and nitrate are presented. It has been established that bismuth contamination of different types of soils reduces catalase activity, regardless of the chemical compounds. The toxicity of bismuth increases with an increase in the dose applied to the soil. Based on the chemical bismuth compounds, the average toxicity series for soils by catalase activity is as follows: bismuth nitrate (86)> bismuth carbonate (90) ≥ bismuth oxide (93). The greatest ecotoxicity is shown by bismuth nitrate due to its good solubility and greater mobility in the soil solution of Bi3+. The bismuth oxide showed slightly less negative effects. The series of soil sensitivity to bismuth pollution has the following sequence: ordinary chernozem (95) > sierosands (89) ≥ brown forest soil (86). The most resistant to contamination with bismuth soil is ordinary chernozem, and the most sensitive soil is brown forest soil.
Effect of Boron on the Groundwater Quality in Altai Region
Authors: Baryshnikov Gennady Ya. , Slazhneva Svetlana S. , Maximovа Nina B. , Sotnikov Petr V.
Published: July 2021

Boron (В) is widely spread in surface and ground waters. The article deals with the problem of drinking groundwater quality. Groundwater is the only source of water supply, in the most districts of the Altai Region. This suggests that the quality of groundwater is of great importance for the population of the region. Drinking water should be suitable for human consumption and for all household purposes. The main attention is focused on identifying the area of distribution B containing waters with the content exceeding the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). The relationship between В and dry residue (MCO) is analyzed. Crucial factors responsible for high В concentration have been identified. The general complex research of presence, distribution and sources of В inflow into groundwaters of the Altai Region are defined in the article. The relationship between the В content and the high incidence of people living in areas with a high В content has been revealed. It was found that high concentrations of В (more than 0.5 mg/l) correspond to the zone of brackish water distribution, which occupies almost the entire territory of the steppe Altai - Kulundinsko-Barnaul artesian basin. Their distribution coincides geographically with the distribution of В.
A Physiological Approach to Study the Interaction of Cadmium and Zinc in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seedlings
Authors: Dutta Debjani , Pal Anjan Kumar , Gunri Sunil Kumar
Published: July 2021

Background: Heavy metal toxicity affects plant growth and alters physiological processes. Soils in many areas are often contaminated by cadmium and zinc which show varied response on plants by their interactive effects. The experiment was done to study the effect of cadmium and zinc as sole presence and in combination in groundnut seedlings. Methods: The laboratory experiment was conducted on groundnut cultivar TG 51 in sand culture using modified Hoagland solution. After initial screening, three concentrations of cadmium (Cd 100, Cd 300 and Cd 500 µM) and two concentrations of zinc (Zn 50 and Zn 150 ìM) were selected for studying their effects individually and in combination on physiological and biochemical parameters. Result: The reduction in root length increased over control as the concentration of cadmium in the medium increased. Cadmium or zinc alone led to a decrease in chlorophyll a, b and relative water content of the leaf. Zinc supplement at 150 µM not only mitigated the negative effect of Cd 100 µM and 300 µM, but also increased the chlorophyll content above control level. Zinc supplement not only increased the protein content over the control but also mitigated to some extent the adverse effects of cadmium in protein content when applied in combination. Under both cadmium and zinc treatment, the inhibition of nitrate reductase (NR) activity over unstressed control was found. Different treatment combinations, however, reduced the negative effects of cadmium, although zinc could not completely override such damage, change the level of toxicity. Treatment with Cd 100 µM and 300 µM induced an increase in phenol content over the control, while higher concentration (500 µM) of the metal led to a decrease in this potent antioxidant compound. Presence of Zinc in the growing medium significantly enhanced the accumulation of phenolic compounds highlighting its protective role against oxidative damage.
Distrofia foveomacular viteliforme del adulto: reporte de caso
Authors: Carrizosa Murcia Marcelo , Moreno Robayo Mónica Lizeth
Published: July 2021

El propósito de este reporte de caso fue caracterizar la distrofia foveomacular viteliforme del adulto (AOFVD), y establecer los principales diagnósticos diferenciales de este trastorno. La distrofia viteliforme del adulto fue definida por primera vez por Gass en 1974, para describir una entidad clínica de herencia autosómica dominante y su comienzo en la edad adulta. Esta está caracterizada por la presencia bilateral de lesiones redondeadas de color amarillento y localización subfoveal. La imagen angiográfica clásica es una hiperfluorescencia en anillo que rodea una zona central hipofluorescente. Esta presenta características clínicas y electrofisiológicas que permiten establecer el diagnóstico diferencial con otras patologías, lo cual es importante, ya que algunas veces puede ser mal diagnosticada como degeneración macular relacionada con la edad, entre otras. Asimismo, corresponde a una enfermedad que conduce a baja visión, por lo que el diagnóstico es importante para un tratamiento oportuno.
Análisis en el tiempo de la transmisibilidad de la luz visible y ultravioleta en dos materiales de lentes fotocromáticos
Authors: Diaz Escobar Augusto , Goñi Boza Esteban , Masis Soto Manuel Felipe
Published: July 2021

La luz ultravioleta comprende longitudes de onda con altos valores de energía que pueden tener repercusiones en la salud humana, lo cual preocupa cada vez más al sector salud. Por ello, las lentes fotosensibles se han transformado en una alternativa para la protección ocular. Sin embargo, la pérdida de transmisibilidad de estas puede representar dificultades en la percepción visual en ambientes donde el flujo luminoso se ve disminuido. Es importante tomar en cuenta la capacidad de transmisibilidad de las coberturas fotocromáticas de las lentes oftálmicas, tomando en cuenta su capacidad tanto en luz visible como ultravioleta. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la variación en el tiempo de la transmisibilidad de luz visible y ultravioleta en lentes fotocromáticos de los materiales CR39 y MR8. Se llevó a cabo un estudio en el que se exponían las lentes fotocromáticas de dos materiales (Cr-39 y MR8) a la luz durante un período de 9 meses, realizando lecturas de transmitancia en las frecuencias de 535nm y de 365nm, tanto al inicio como al final de las mediciones. Como conclusión se obtuvo que los lentes fotocromáticos de ambos materiales presentan una variación en la transmisibilidad de ambas longitudes de onda en función de su tiempo de uso y de exposición. Sin embargo, se consideran significativas principalmente las variaciones encontradas en la comparación entre los dos tipos de lentes y no en el tiempo.
Universidad de Música en el Centro Histórico de Lima
Authors:   , Quispitupa García Yesenia
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación corresponde a la recopilación de lineamientos orientados a el diseño de una universidad de música. En primer lugar, se determina la problemática del por qué es necesario el planteamiento de un nuevo proyecto que abastezca las necesidades especializadas de una universidad de música. Seguidamente, se recopila información de modelos de enseñanza en contexto local e internacional, para así determinar los proyectos referenciales, que serán clasificados por el lugar y el énfasis arquitectónico. Como énfasis arquitectónico, está el regionalismo crítico, ya que el lugar de intervención es el centro histórico de Lima. La integración del proyecto con el contexto monumental histórico inmediato es esencial para determinar la identidad y complementar de manera exitosa, el eje cultural en el que se encuentra.
El comportamiento de los limeños y su relación con la comunicación de prevención de sismos
Authors:   , Cerron Sosa Carol Katherine , Godoy Marañon Karla
Published: July 2021

El Perú se encuentra en el cinturón de fuego del Pacífico, por lo que los sismos son un riesgo latente. Ante ello, el director de INDECI, reveló que 3 de cada 10 peruanos no participan de los simulacros de prevención. Por ello, se realizó una investigación a 17 limeños, divididos en cinco sesiones de focus group para identificar los comportamientos de los limeños entre 25 a 35 años con respecto a la prevención de sismos y su relación con la gestión de la comunicación de prevención. Debido a las características que se desea estudiar, el enfoque más apropiado es cualitativo con diseño fenomenológico. A partir de ello, se concluyó que existen dos tipos de percepción del riesgo: percepción de riesgo nula y percepción de riesgo no constante, debido a que los mensajes de comunicación no han sido interiorizados dando como resultado comportamientos asociados a la ausencia de compromiso y responsabilidad.
Marca empleadora en redes sociales para atraer a la generación Z de Lima
Authors:   , Carbajal Cribillero Meredhit Alexandra , Javier Niño Gabriela Angélica
Published: July 2021

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar cómo debe comunicar el sector alimentación su marca empleadora en redes sociales para atraer talento de la generación Z de Lima. Específicamente, se busca explicar los motivos de los centennials para postular a una organización, descubrir cuáles son las redes sociales preferidas para obtener información sobre la compañía y determinar el contenido más atractivo. El enfoque del estudio es cualitativo, el nivel es descriptivo, el diseño es documental y fenomenológico. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron análisis de contenido, en el cual se revisaron las redes sociales de 3 empresas del sector; y entrevistas semiestructuradas a los responsables de la gestión de marca empleadora y, por otro lado, 20 estudiantes y egresados con experiencia laboral de las facultades de Negocios e Ingeniería. La información se comparó y analizó en base a la escala del atractivo del empleador (EmpAt). Los resultados muestran que las motivaciones de los entrevistados se relacionan con las dimensiones económica, social y desarrollo. Las redes sociales más alineadas a este objetivo son LinkedIn e Instagram. Finalmente, el contenido de interés en estas plataformas son la propuesta de valor al empleado (atributos), cultura, clima, testimonios de trabajadores, información realista del puesto y habilidades blandas que esperan de ellos. Asimismo, los formatos deben ser dinámicos, imágenes de calidad y videos cortos, así como texto reducido y uso de slogans o hashtags llamativos.
Comissões partidárias provisórias no Brasil
Authors: Bichara de Souza Neves Isabela , Macedo Campos Mauro
Published: July 2021

O artigo analisa aspectos quanto ao funcionamento dos partidos políticos: a autonomia constitucional dos partidos em disporem de forma conveniente sobre a sua estrutura temporária (comissões provisórias) e a intervenção do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE), em relação a regularização destes núcleos organizativos em escala nacional frente aos pleitos eleitorais. O argumento central deste estudo recai exatamente na percepção da dinâmica normativa e estratégica dos atores políticos na composição e estruturação de suas bases partidárias subnacionais, bem como compreender como o TSE, a partir do seu poder regulamentar, trabalha na conformação ou remodelação desta estrutura, inclusive com posicionamentos antagônicos àquele referente ao arranjo organizativo dos partidos políticos. Trata-se de uma apartada descrição sobre a logística das comissões provisórias no atual cenário político-partidário e o enfrentamento de sua utilização indiscriminada pelas legendas, sem a convolação destas em diretórios em conformidade com as regras partidárias e legais. A indeterminação do processo organizativo e a permanência de estruturas temporárias, sem a observância de regras partidárias sólidas, durante longos períodos, resultou na intervenção judicial por meio de regulamentos e, consequentemente, uma resposta legislativa com a promulgação da minirreforma da Lei Orgânica dos Partidos Políticos no Brasil.
Towards an early warning system for wheat blast: epidemiological basis and model development
Authors:   Embrapa Trigo, Brazil, Fernandes J. M. , Del Ponte E. M. ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil, Ascari J. P. ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil, Krupnik T. J. ,   International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Bangladesh, Pavan W. ,   Universidade de Passo Fundo and SensorOn – Estrada do Trigo, Brazil, Vargas F. ,   SensorOn – Estrada do Trigo, Brazil, Berton T. ,   Universidade de Passo Fundo, Brazil
Published: July 2021

Wheat blast is caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae Triticum pathotype (PoT). Significantly damaging wheat blast epidemics are sporadic and limited to tropical wheat growing areas in South America. Unexpectedly, wheat blast was reported in Bangladesh and Zambia in 2016 and 2020, respectively. The urgent need to deal with a poorly studied disease has mobilized the scientific community. Original research and reviews have been published in various venues. Nevertheless, disease control is still a difficult task. Much less research has, however, focused on crucially important and complex ecological interactions at the field, landscape, or regional levels. This chapter reviews aspects of the epidemiology of wheat blast, mainly those related to inoculum and its role for the epidemics. It then describes the models that have been developed by the authors as well as the decision support system. Examples of the implementation of a warning system in Bangladesh and Brazil are also illustrated.
Tradução: Bokko-chan
Authors: Hoshi Shinichi , Hayashi Renan Kenji
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta um gesto de tradução do conto de ficção científica Bokko-chan, do autor japonês Shinichi Hoshi (1926-1991). Trata-se de um dos primeiros escritos com essa temática no Japão, abrindo caminho para outros autores que explorariam posteriormente essa vertente. Embora o conto tenha uma grande relevância nos estudos literários japoneses, tendo sido traduzidos para várias línguas, o escrito ainda permanece inédito em português do Brasil. Dessa forma, apresentamos a seguir uma tradução dessa obra, desejando popularizar a leitura desse autor, bem como suscitar o interesse dos leitores para o restante de sua extensa produção literária.
A “ficção científica” em Vilém Flusser: alguns caminhos de investigação
Authors: Torres Jessé Antunes
Published: July 2021

O ensaio pretende explorar alguns caminhos para a investigação da proposta do filósofo Vilém Flusser para uma ficção científica, evidenciando a genealogia desse conceito e esboçando sua potência. A ficção científica, aqui, é significante não (apenas) do gênero de livros, filmes e histórias em quadrinhos, mas de uma estratégia, de um artifício da ciência. Trata-se de um ficcionalismo. A origem dessa noção em Flusser pode ser mapeada até Hans Vaihinger e sua obra-prima A filosofia do como se. Mas a proposta de Flusser para a ficção científica parece ter notas só suas, como, por exemplo, a preocupação informática (teoria da informação). Em um de seus textos mais tardios, Flusser escreve que essa ficção científica se “materializa” em imagens técnicas – o tema flusseriano por excelência. Acreditamos que a questão aqui abordada, ainda pouco explorada, tem grande potencial de contribuição para pensarmos fenômenos do contemporâneo em ciência, arte e tecnologia.
Real and Semi-Real – an Architectural Backstory for Flusser’s Dual Scientific Fictions
Authors: Hanff William
Published: July 2021

Vilém Flusser’s approaches to epistemology and science fiction are explored in connection with the fictionalism of Hans Vaihinger and other late 19th and early 20th century philosophies, as well as using an architectural metaphor of scaffolding and blueprints. From his 1980 essay “Science Fiction” Flusser’s two approaches to science fictions are labeled as 1) a ‘falsification strategy’ and 2) an ‘epistemology of improbability.’ These are further explored as metaphors for architecture and building based on ideas from his “Wittgenstein’s Architecture” in The Shape of Things: a Philosophy of Design and compared and contrasted with visual metaphors of the fantastic in the paper architecture called The Obscure Cities series by François Schuiten and Benoît Peeters. Further reinforcing the connection between Flusser’s and Vaihinger’s philosophies, semi-fictions and real fictions are envisioned as a type of new media architecture.
Parental relationship quality and children's behavioural problems: Childcare quality as a protective factor?
Authors: Fischer Isabelle , Schober Pia S. , Nagengast Benjamin
Published: July 2021

Objective: This study investigates how changes in parental relationship quality relate to children's socio-emotional development during early childhood and whether high-quality early childcare arrangements may act as a protective factor in children’s environments.

Background: We draw on family systems theory and the bioecological model of human development to conceptualise how different social environments may interact in their influences on children's socio-emotional development during early childhood and across the transition to primary school.

Method: Based on a pooled sample of 636 US-American children who took part in the longitudinal NICHD Study of Early Childcare and Youth Development (SECCYD), we applied fixed-effects panel models to three time points between age 3 and first grade.

Results: Whereas changes in parental relationships quality were not significant in predicting children's socio-emotional development from age 3 to 4.5 years, our results showed that a reduction in parental relationship quality was moderately associated with an increase in behaviour problems of children across the transition to first grade. We did not find any evidence of mitigating effects of the child-specific process quality of the ECEC arrangement, neither for informal nor formal care settings.

Conclusion: The results suggest that initiatives designed to improve a couple’'s relationship quality might also be an effective way to further their children’s socio-emotional development.