bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated professional training of the music teacher by means of innovative artistic and pedagogical technologies
Authors: Kushnir Kateryna , Bilozerska Hanna , Sidorova Iryna , Kravtsova Nataliia , Kostenko Liudmyla
Published: May 2021

The aim of the research was to study features of integrated professional training of the music teacher by means of innovative artistic and pedagogical technologies. The results demonstrate the main features of the use of innovative artistic and pedagogical technologies in a pandemic: 1) the transition to information and communication means of communication and limited consultations in various disciplines; 2) independent processing of educational materials, which negatively affects practical skills of students; 3) electronic reporting is the most common form of control over the work of future music teachers; 4) partner innovative artistic and pedagogical technologies of vocational training are poorly integrated into the practice of teaching at the university; 5) the frequency of use of artistic and integrative tools is reduced due to the predominance of independent work of music teachers; 6) interactive tools of innovative artistic and pedagogical technologies are used to a lesser extent in the educational process.
On question of using zinc electrodes for monitoring cathodic protection of ships and vessels
Authors: Yastrebov Dmitry Pavlovich , Shunkin Dmitry Vladimirovich , Rogozhnikov Alexey Olegovich , Kuznetsov Gleb Valerievich
Published: May 2021

The article focuses on the importance of organizing the ship operators training, who control the operation of systems protecting the sea vessels from corrosion. There are presented the results of a scientific research - control of the operation of the tread protection system of the steel hull of an auxiliary marine vessel (floating workshop PM-15), which is in a long-term standby mode. The potential difference between the ship's hull and two reference electrodes was measured at a given control point. The control measurements have been carried out using the reference electrodes: silver chloride reference electrode recommended for use by regulatory documents and zinc reference electrodes (not recommended by regulatory documents for sea vessels). There have been made 50 parallel control measurements. The time interval between parallel measurements was 5 seconds. Control measurements were performed within 5 days from 07.02.2020 to 07.14.2020. The accuracy of the control measurements was assessed in accordance with regulatory requirements. It has been stated that both reference electrodes provide high accuracy of control measurements; the results of control carried out with the help of zinc reference electrodes are highly stable. It has been inferred that zinc reference electrodes can be used on Russian ships to control the tread protection of the ship's hull and can be recommended for using by ship crews for training ship operators of ship corrosion protection systems.
Thermal tension of cylinder covers of transport diesel engines converted to marine diesels
Authors: Ivnev Alexander Andreevich , Zhukov Vladimir Anatoljevich , Khryashchyev Yuriy Evgenievich , Yamanin Alexander Ivanovich
Published: May 2021

The article describes the characteristics of thermal loading of the cylinder covers of transport diesel engines during their conversion to marine diesels. The engines of the CHN14/14 type produced by the Yaroslavl Motor Plant are proposed as promising for use in marine power plants. A special feature of the engine design is the individual four-valve cylinder heads, which have a complex geometric shape. The conversion of automobile engines, the cylinder heads of which were made of aluminum alloys, to marine ones is accompanied by an increase in the degree of their acceleration. The cylinder heads in operation experience significant thermal and mechanical loads, which causes the need for increased requirements for the materials of the cylinder heads. The rational choice of the cylinder head material is one of the most important tasks to be solved when upgrading and boosting engines. Experience in the operation of marine diesel engines shows that in order to ensure the required reliability under prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures due to forcing, it is necessary to choose cast iron as a structural material. A three-dimensional model of the cylinder head is developed. When performing the calculations, the boundary conditions are justified, taking into account the local nature of the distribution of thermal and mechanical effects on the diesel cylinder head. As a result of numerical modeling, the stress-strain states of cylinder heads made of high-strength cast iron, ductile iron and cast iron with vermicular graphite are determined and analyzed. There has been proved the preference for using cast irons with vermicular graphite, which have satisfactory casting and physical and mechanical properties. The advantages of using cast iron with vermicular graphite include a decrease in the temperature of the cylinder head in the area of the inter-valve bridge. The possibility of increasing the engine power from 330 to 560 kW when replacing aluminum alloys with cast iron with vermicular graphite for the manufacture of cylinder heads is proved.
Developing simulation model of active filter for marine intelligent transportation systems
Authors: Sobolev Aleksandr Sergeevich , Vyngra Alexei Viktorovich , Cherniy Sergey Grigoryevich
Published: May 2021

The article studies the factors influencing the quality of electricity in the power supply systems of sea vessels. Problems caused by electromagnetic interference on ships including voltage drop in the electrical networks due to the nonlinear loads in the system, as well as power asymmetry are considered. The necessity of using active filters in autonomous power systems is found out. A model of an active filter for a closed power supply system with a nonlinear asymmetric load has been developed. The diagram of the active filter model in MATLAB / Simulink environment is illustrated. The simulation was carried out paying attention to various parameters of the system. There has been given an example of a program code for transforming the abc coordinates to the dq coordinates. The disadvantage of the considered circuit is stated: the greater the asymmetry and nonlinearity of the load, the lower the power for current filtering. There are considered the dependences between the measured value of voltage harmonic distortion (according to International Electronic Commission (IEC) 61000-2-4: 2002) and the observed phenomena in the unit; the measured value of the harmonic current distortion and the observed phenomena in the unit. According to the simulation results, it was inferred that the active current compensating filter will improve the quality of power on board the ship. The filter eliminates the imbalance, evens current harmonics and compensates the reactive component of currents. The scheme is advisable for using in autonomous systems of limited power on the merchant ships.
Del Berlín de los Smithson al París de Friedman: fotomontajes para un diario de viaje no revelado.
Authors: Capdevila Castellanos Iván , López Ujaque José Manuel
Published: May 2021

La desaparición de Yona Friedman ha vuelto a situar su obra en el centro del debate arquitectónico. La revisión crítica de La Ciudad Espacial, su gran proyecto, lo sitúa, irónicamente, como antesala de un nuevo paradigma que reclamará la desaparición de la arquitectura y su sustitución por redes híper-tecnológicas que posibilitan una vida cambiante en un entorno “bien atemperado” —siguiendo las corrientes medioambientalistas del momento. Sin embargo, esta revisión sigue acomodada en relacionar La Ciudad Espacial con el mundo referencial aceptado por el propio Friedman: Le Corbusier, Metabolistas, Konrad Wachsmann... Este artículo amplía este contexto yendo más allá de los escritos del autor y comparando, para ello, imágenes poco conocidas de su Ville Spatiale con otras de aquellos con los que siempre negó relación alguna: Alison y Peter Smithson. Es en una pugna intelectual no reconocida con estos, donde la investigación pretende situar los fotomontajes de Friedman como medio transmisor de las ideas que años después fueron llevadas al extremo por una nueva generación de “arquitectos radicales” —sobre todo en Londres, Viena y Florencia— pero reconociendo el papel fundamental —obviado a menudo por la crítica arquitectónica— que la pareja británica tuvo en su fundación.
Arquitectura sin lugar. La casa futuro de Matti Suuronen
Authors: Sánchez Samos Mario
Published: May 2021

Matti Suuronen presentó en 1968 el prototipo de casa “Futuro”, un proyecto de cabaña realizada en poliéster reforzado con fibra de vidrio y cuya forma ovalada se enmarca dentro de la corriente artística de los años 70. Con un tamaño de 8 metros de diámetro por 4 metros de altura, la casa podía ser transportada fácilmente gracias a su reducido peso, llegando a ser distribuida a varios de sus destinos mediante helicóptero. De igual manera, las 16 piezas modulares que la componían podían ser cargadas en un camión o tren para ser ensambladas posteriormente en su destino. El artículo analiza la casa Futuro como paradigma de la arquitectura sin lugar cuya relación con el entorno, tanto por su forma cuasi extraterrestre como por la levedad con la que sus patas se posan en el terreno, es mínima. Su cuerpo de níveo plástico brillante destaca entre el paisaje que la rodea como una nave aterrizada, a veces literalmente, en medio del bosque. Las unidades que a día de hoy siguen en pie son testigos vivos de la primera casa de plástico vendida alrededor del planeta.
Homme type - Homme réel: revisión de la evolución de la idea de hombre en Le Corbusier como introducción a un entendimiento de su arquitectura
Authors: Virseda Aizpún Alejandro , Labarta Aizpún Carlos
Published: May 2021

“Construir arquitectura de hombres” o “es el hombre lo que verdaderamente me importa” son frases que Le Corbusier repite frecuentemente. Su producción se podría entender como una consecuencia del entendimiento de “ese hombre” y del orden social que conforma. Ambos irán evolucionando a lo largo de la vida del arquitecto y, como consecuencia, las propuestas artísticas y arquitectónicas que realiza para él. El Homme type lecorbusieriano de los años 20 y 30 es concebido, bajo el influjo de la revolución industrial de estas primeras décadas del siglo XX, como una pieza más en el preciso engranaje de la gran maquinaria de la ciudad de los tiempos nuevos. El fracaso de los planteamientos sociales y económicos, representado por las dos guerras mundiales, así como determinadas circunstancias personales, provocan una progresiva variación de esta visión hacia una concepción del hombre en términos opuestos. El Homme type varía progresivamente hacia el Homme réel del periodo de postguerra cuyo desarrollo es confiado a nuevas variables como la “libertad”, la “espontaneidad” o la “creatividad”. Será en la década de los 50, en el convento de la Tourette, donde encuentre finalmente la oportunidad de reflexionar y presentar de una manera biunívoca su hombre y arquitectura ideales.
Anfitriones y profetas de la Antártida. Arquitectura, territorio e imaginarios enfrentados en la Antártida, “argentina”, “británica” y “chilena”. 1961 en adelante
Authors: Rossetti Fulvio
Published: May 2021

Tres obras emblemáticas de Reino Unido, Argentina y Chile expresan distintos intereses proyectados sobre un mismo territorio antártico. Una corresponde a la Estación Halley VI, en el límite oriental de la reclamación británica. Otra es la utópica “primera ciudad en la Antártida”, imaginada en las cercanías del aeródromo argentino de Marambio, en el extremo norte de la Península Antártica. La tercera es el Centro Antártico Internacional, un edi cio polifuncional para potenciar el rol de Punta Arenas como ciudad de cabecera, puerta de entrada al continente blanco. Las tres fueron concebidas como nodos de redes urbanísticas, superpuestas y aparentemente análogas, articuladas en torno a estaciones de investigación, nodos logísticos y ciudades de cabecera en territorios nacionales próximos. Sin embargo, la selección de cuáles debiesen convertirse en obras icónicas muestra discursos de a rmación diferentes y conduce a preguntarse cómo arquitectura y políticas territoriales interactuaron con el contexto general de la superposición de intereses enfrentados, de las normas que los regulan y los imaginarios que las inspiran; dinámicas que di eren en relación a distintas concepciones de unidad territorial y a diferentes maneras de interpretar la idea del continente como espacio de cooperación concordada por el Tratado Antártico (1961) y materializada por las acciones de cada uno de sus países miembros.
Down the Sewer: How Semi-Informal Tanneries Management Policies Affect Residual Water Disposal in Colombian Business Scenarios
Authors: BORDA Omar , PUELLO-SOCARRÁS Gregorio
Published: May 2021

In Colombia, the issue of waste discharges derived from the tanning process to water bodies is a scenario that has been widely documented. However, measurement exercises have failed to identify improvements in this process that integrates administrative knowledge with concepts of labor, social and environmental welfare. The present article is the culmination of research conducted within the framework of the project “Estudio comparativo de la administración y las repercusiones socio-ambientales en las empresas del sector de curtiembre. Case Bogotá (Barrio San Benito), Case Barranquilla and Case Villapinzón (Cundinamarca)” (Comparative study of the administration and the socio-environmental repercussions in tanning sector companies. Case Bogotá (Barrio San Benito), Case Barranquilla and Case Villapinzón (Cundinamarca)) concerning the administrative practices and the negative effects derived from the absence of management systems for negative externalities caused to the environment by companies in the tanning sector. The study was developed as follows: initially, a systematic documentary review of the laws, decrees and regulations that have a direct or indirect impact on the tanning sector was carried out, followed by field work using data collection instruments (questionnaires) in the San Benito neighborhood (Bogotá), in the town of Villapinzón (Cundinamarca) and in the city of Barranquilla (Atlántico), where there are formal and informal work clusters dedicated to the leather industry. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between administrative styles and formal processes of strategic planning activities development with the adoption of dumping control systems and other aspects related to environmental management, oriented to the organizational level. Based on the above, the information was analyzed with emphasis on those companies with a common denominator in their control strategies in relation to those policies that were the result of administrative and business practices and that finally led to the desired effects in the social, environmental and economic spheres. Finally, the discussion section focuses on the recognition of these good practices and the possibility that they could be replicated by other actors on the global level.
Interaction between Gelatin and Nano-Silver Particle: Foundation for Nano-Silver in Antibacterial Leather
Authors: ZHANG Jinwei , YANG Weite , WEN Yonghan , SUN Hongbin , ZHU Guojun , CHEN Wuyong
Published: May 2021

In order to explain the interaction between collagen and nano-silver, gelatin solution was blended with nano-silver particles (AgNPs) with particle size 26 mm, and then the mixture was interacted under different time, pH and temperature. The changes in the process were measured by UV-Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and FT-IR. The results showed that the main type of reaction between gelatin and AgNPs was electrostatic interaction and the interaction was diffusive encounters. The particle size and distribution of nano-silver would not be affected by gelatin, however, there was dynamic fluorescence quenching of gelatin after nano-silver particle induced. The longer time and lower pH were beneficial for the interaction process while the interaction balanced after 60 min and pH 3.0 resulted in the most drastic interaction. Moreover, nano-silver would not impair gelatin structure during the interaction process. In short, the results in this work might be a foundation and reference for applying nano-silver in antibacterial leather producing.
OKULLARDA ÖRGÜTSEL ADALET ALGISININ YORDAYICISI OLARAK ETİK LİDERLİK
Authors: KAVRAYICI Ceyhun
Published: May 2021

Araştırma etik liderlik ile örgütsel adalet algıları arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Nicel araştırma paradigması temelinde desenlenen çalışmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır Araştırmanın örneklemini Eskişehir ili Odunpazarı ilçesinde 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında görev yapan 366 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler araştırma kapsamında geliştirilen kişisel bilgi formu, Yılmaz (2005) tarafından gerçekleştirilen Etik Liderlik Ölçeği, Hoy ve Tarter (2004) tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçeye Taştan ve Yılmaz (2008) tarafından uyarlanan Örgütsel Adalet ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analiz sürecinde betimleyici istatistikler ile regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde dilen sonuçlar okullarda etik liderliğin boyutlarından karar vermede etik ve iletişimsel etik boyutlarının yüksek, iklimsel etik ve davranışsal etik boyutlarının ise orta düzeyde algılandığını, örgütsel adaletin de yine orta düzeyde algılandığını ortaya koymuştur. Etik liderliğin boyutları ile örgütsel adalet pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler bulunsa da, yalnızca karar vermede etik ve davranışsal etik boyutlarının örgütsel adalete ilişkin yordayıcılar olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına dayanarak okul yöneticilerinin etik liderlik davranışlarını güçlendirilmesi, okul yönetiminde tarafsız ve adil olması önerilmektedir.
A faunistic contribution to the butterfly fauna of Oman (Lepidoptera: Diurna)
Authors: Schmidt Peter , Simonyi Sándor Jenő , Ábrahám Levente , Sáfián Szabolcs , Ilniczky Sándor
Published: May 2021

During five entomological field expeditions between 2008 and 2019, butterfly speciemens were collected in Oman, and a total of 492 specimens of 46 species were documented. Faunistic and distribution data for each species is presented, along a short overview of the physical geography of Oman and biogeographical notes of the butterfly fauna. With 30 figures.
Injectable calcium phosphate and styrene–butadiene polymer-based root canal filling material
Authors: Kaka Hala B. , Salman Raid F.
Published: May 2021

Background

Three-dimensional obturation of the root canal system is mandatory for a successful root canal treatment. Using a filling material with optimal properties may enable the root canal to be sealed well and therefore obtain the desired obturation.

Objective

To develop a new injectable paste endodontic filling material using calcium phosphate powder and a styrene–butadiene emulsion polymer.

Methods

The powder phase comprised an equivalent molar ratio of tetracalcium phosphate, anhydrous dicalcium phosphate, bismuth oxide, and calcium chloride. The liquid phase comprised a styrene–butadiene rubber emulsion in distilled water. The powder and the liquid were mixed to achieve a paste consistency. The paste was subjected to various tests including flow, setting time, dimensional change, solubility, and radiopacity to indicate its suitability as a root canal filling material. All these tests were conducted according to the American National Standards Institute–American Dental Association for endodontic sealing materials. After passing these tests, the paste was submitted to an injectability test.

Results

The material showed acceptable flowability with 19.1 ± 1.3 min setting time and 0.61 ± 0.16% shrinkage after 30 days of storage. We found the highest solubility at 24 h (6.62 ± 0.58%), then the solubility decreased to 1.09 ± 0.08% within 3 days. The material was more radiopaque than a 3 mm step on an aluminum wedge. Furthermore, the material showed good injectability of 93.67 ± 1.80%.

Conclusions

The calcium phosphate powder in styrene–butadiene emulsion met basic requirements for a root canal filling material with promising properties.
Optimal Design of a Novel Magnetic Twisting Device based on NSGA-II Algorithm
Authors: Qiao Xu , Yuchen He , Shunqi Mei , Zhen Chen , Shaojun Wang , Xuemei Tang
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a novel magnetic twisting device with a coaxial double rotor based on non-contact transmission characteristics of magnetic drive technology. When the twisting device rotates one cycle, the yarn can get triple twists. This means the new device can twist three times more than what the traditional single twist does. The structure of the magnetic twisting device is designed according to the twisting principle. The influence of main structural parameters on the magnetic torque is analyzed. To optimize the maximum transmission torque and the minimum magnet volume, the multi-objective optimization design model for the twisting device is established. Main parameters such as the relative angle of active disc assembly and passive disc assembly, the thickness of magnet, and the average radius of the magnet distribution are optimized by NSGA-II algorithm. Optimization results show that the proposed structural optimization design of a twisting device based on the magnetic drive has excellent performance and is effective for industrial application.
Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of recombinant bovine interferon alpha in rodents
Authors: Yu Hai-Yang , Gao Dong-Mei , Zhou Wei , Xia Bing-Bing , He Zhi-Yuan , Wu Bo , Jiang Min-Zhi , Wang Ming-Li , Zhao Jun
Published: May 2021

Introduction

Recombinant bovine interferon alpha (rBoIFN-α) has been demonstrated to have antiviral activity. However, no conduct of acute or chronic toxicity tests has been reported.

Material and Methods

Specific pathogen-free Sprague Dawley rats were administered doses at different concentrations through intraperitoneal or intravenous injection. After the administration (single for an acute toxicity test over 14 days or daily for a sub-chronic toxicity test over 30 days), the rats’ behaviour and other indicators and the degree of toxic reaction were continuously monitored. Blood was collected for haematological and serum biochemical examinations. At the end of the experiments, the rats were sacrificed for necropsy and histopathological tissue analysis.

Results

The external performance, behaviour characteristics, and changes in body temperature and body weight of the rats in each subgroup were comparable to the normal control subgroup. Except for a few cases, there were no lesions in the viscera’s pathological structures, and the blood parameters and biochemical indicators were not noticeably different from those of the control subgroup.

Conclusion

This study suggests that rBoIFN-α seems to be safe for rats, and its use may foster the development of the cattle industry in China by protecting livestock health.
Assessment of the usefulness of image reconstruction in the oblique and double-oblique sagittal planes for magnetic resonance imaging of the canine cranial cruciate ligament
Authors: Przeworski Adam , Adamiak Zbigniew , Nowicki Michał , Mieszkowska Marta , Tobolska Angelika , Głodek Joanna
Published: May 2021

Introduction

The aim of the study was to determine the quality and significance of the magnetic resonance image of the canine knee after reconstruction in the oblique and double-oblique sagittal plane. This reconstruction and 3D images are rarely used in common protocols due to the longer study time they require. The study aimed to demonstrate significance for such diagnostic images in specific sequences in order to stimulate consideration of their more frequent use in diagnosis of diseases of the cruciate ligament in dogs.

Material and Methods

All tests were carried out using an open magnetic resonance tomography scanner with magnetic field induction. The images obtained from the 30 canine patients examined were reconstructed and evaluated by independent appraisers. Statistical analysis was performed.

Results

The study showed that MRI of the stifle joint using 3D sequences provides higher quality images of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs. The results of the statistical analysis showed that multi-faceted reconstruction allows the secondary determination of the oblique imaging planes and obtains images of adequate quality.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that multi-faceted reconstruction facilitates the secondary determination of oblique imaging planes. This reconstruction additionally makes images available of better quality compared to the 2D sequence.
Evaluation of serum and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C as biomarkers of acute kidney injury in horses
Authors: Siwińska Natalia , Żak Agnieszka , Pasławska Urszula
Published: May 2021

Introduction

Diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in horses is difficult at the subclinical stage, due to nonspecific clinical signs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of selected serum and urinary biomarkers in healthy horses, horses at risk of AKI, and those with clinical AKI.

Material and Methods

Thirty healthy horses, 30 horses at risk of AKI and 11 horses with clinical AKI and azotaemia were included in the study. Serum and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C were measured using commercially available enzyme immunoassay tests.

Results

The median and (in parentheses) first and third quartile concentrations of selected biomarkers in healthy horses, horses at risk of AKI and horses with AKI were respectively as follows: serum cystatin C – 0.25 (0.19–0.37), 0.23 (0.15–0.37) and 0.61 (0.37–1.13) mg/L; serum NGAL – 50.5 (38.8–58.8), 51.1 (40.4–66.9) and 98.1 (59.4–128.2) ng/mL; urinary NGAL – 20.7 (17.9–24.5), 32.3 (32.7–55.8) and 36.6 (26.8–89.9) ng/mL; and urinary cystatin C – 0.1 (0.07–0.13), 0.13 (0.1–0.2) and 0.34 (0.22–0.37) mg/L. There were significant differences in the concentration of all biomarkers between the healthy and AKI-affected horses.

Conclusion

Horses with AKI all had biomarker concentrations higher than the healthy horses. None of the biomarkers made azotaemia recognisable in all affected horses. The obtained results indicate the need to create a serum and urinary biomarker panel to detect AKI.
Methods and motives for nominating geographical sites in the Chinese and Russian languages
Authors: Liu Lu
Published: May 2021

The goal of this research is to determine the characteristics of methods in nominating geographical sites in the Chinese and Russian languages. Toponyms (geographical names) are a subsystem in the national language lexicon that describes the vast territory of each country, as well as the names of various specific geographical sites recognized in the geographical environment. Toponyms, being proper names, represent not only geographical nomenclature units, but are rich in historical and cultural connotations. The development of toponymy as an independent scientific field has an extensive background. In the course of time, the toponymic research was often reinforced by scientific data in different fields, such as comparative-historical linguistics, history, geography, and other. In continuation of previous research, this article analyzes the similarities and differences between the Russian and Chinese toponyms. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the following: 1) generalization of the data on the semantics of toponyms from linguistic perspective; 2) characterization of language specifics and significance of toponyms in the Chinese and Russian languages; 3) description of toponyms in connotative and linguocultural aspects. The relevance of the selected topic is substantiated by cultural importance of the Russian and Chinese toponyms, which are analyzed in accordance with principle of nominating motives. The comparison of toponyms in the indicated aspect is of particular importance for broadening the areas of research in toponymy and the theory of cross-cultural communication. As a result, the author reveals the similar and different types of the meanings of toponyms in the Russian and Chinese languages.
Criminology as Trends in the Development of Science
Authors: Vilks Andrejs , Kipāne Aldona
Published: May 2021

Criminology has a special place and is of special significance in law science. It does not always examine substantive or procedural rules and case law. The authors of the article emphasise criminology as a science of social law, the dominant object of cognition of which is socially significant phenomena (crime, drugs, corruption, prostitution, etc.), as well as the processes related to their combating and prevention. Crime is the product of various contradictions that evolve in society, a negatively directed function of society that reflects its resulting state of moral and social “health”. Dynamic social, economic, political, legal, administrative, organisational and other factors determine the constant cognition of socially undesirable and negative phenomena, improvement of research tools and approaches. Crime is transforming alongside social changes, in some cases even accelerating them. Despite the unjustified discounting of the significance of criminology as an independent science, it continues to develop. In the social science system criminology functions as a mission, creating an uncompromising attitude towards crime. Under the current circumstances and in line with the intense invasion of modern technologies crime is taking on new forms and shapes. It successfully moves to the virtual environment, increasing its latency level and significantly complicating the magnitude and negative effects of damage detection. A new modified field of cognition of crime and its related elements a arising – digital criminology. It could play an important role in the qualitative analysis and forecasting of crime, in identifying the determinants of crime, and in determining their impact on crime. Digital methods of examination of persons, including the use of positron emission tomography (PET) of brain scanning, would make it possible to identify persons with pronounced criminal inclinations. Digital technologies could be used in correctional institutions and establishments to help those who have served prison sentences related to deprivation of liberty, in their rehabilitation, as well as in the implementation of virtual deprivation of liberty and replacing of expensive and inefficient prisons with digital detention facilities.
Abigeatus – mājlopu zādzība jeb aizdzīšana – kā noziedzīgs nodarījums pret īpašumu romiešu tiesībās
Authors: Apsītis Allars , Joksts Osvalds
Published: May 2021

Rakstā atspoguļoti atsevišķi rezultāti no autoru realizētās romiešu tiesību pirmavotu izpētes saistībā ar tajos atrodamo informāciju par noziedzīgiem nodarījumiem pret īpašumu, kas mūsdienu Latvijā kriminalizēti Krimināllikuma 175. pantā “Zādzība”, 176. pantā “Laupīšana” un 179. pantā “Piesavināšanās”. Apskatīta un analizēta tiesiskā reglamentācija attiecībā uz abigeatus – mājlopu zādzību jeb aizdzīšanu, kas tika uzskatīta par bīstamāku un smagāku nodarījumu nekā parasta zādzība (lat. furtum) un tāpēc bargāk sodīta. Aplūkoti arī minētā noziedzīgā nodarījuma kvalifikācijas un sodīšanas politikas legālie kritēriji romiešu tiesībās. Saskaņā ar autoru informāciju Latvijas pētnieki šo tematiku visai maz apskatījuši, un pētījums varētu dot zināmu ieguldījumu nacionālās tiesību zinātnes attīstībā, īpaši jautājumā par romiešu tiesību principu ietekmi uz Latvijas Republikas normatīvajos aktos ietvertajiem mūsdienu tiesību institūtiem.

The article deals with the results of research performed on the primary sources of the Roman Law regarding offences against property contemporaneity criminalised in the Criminal Law (Sections 175. Theft, 176. Robbery, 179. Misappropriation) of modern-day Latvia. It describes and analyses the Roman Law legal regulation regarding abigeatus – the offence of cattle stealing or “rustling” which was considered as a more dangerous and serious offense than ordinary theft (furtum) and therefore more severely punishable. According to the information in the possession of the authors, Latvian researchers have not yet in particular studied the current theme, and the publications in the Latvian language have not been detected yet. Accordingly, the current article could provide certain contributions to the development of the national field of law, especially regarding the impact of Roman legal principles on the development of modern legal institutes incorporated in the law of the Republic of Latvia.
Tratamento para mulheres inférteis com Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos (SOP)
Authors: Pereira Ana Elise de Souza Barros , Mendes Anne Caroline Rogienfisz , Klaus Beatriz Davantel , Azevedo Carolina Souto , Cavaletti Gabriela Wosniak , Lopes Laíze Vessali de Almeida , Nascimento Milagres Araújo , Leitão Rhayssa Vasconcelos , Miranda Tainara Sales , Guimarães Raquel Meirelles Gaspar Coelho
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Descrever o conhecimento sobre as terapias medicamentosas para tratar as mulheres que possuem infertilidade por causa da Síndrome do Ovário Policístico (SOP). Revisão bibliográfica: O letrozol é a droga de primeira linha para indução de ovulação no tratamento de mulheres com SOP. O citrato de clomifeno fica reservado para os casos em que não houver possibilidade de uso de letrozol como primeira linha. A associação da metformina está recomendada nos casos de resistência insulínica associada a SOP ou má resposta aos indutores da ovulação. Em relação ao uso de gonadotrofinas induzem a ovulação, há evidências de taxas superiores de gravidez clínica, gravidez em curso e nascidos vivos da indução da ovulação com gonadotrofinas quando comparada ao CC, no entanto, devido seu maior custo, e maior risco de hiperestimulo ovariano, esse medicamento entra como tratamento de segunda linha. Outra opção terapêutica seria a utilização de mio-inositol mas as evidencias são de baixa qualidade. Por fim, a fertilização in vitro também faz parte do tratamento, mas os artigos demonstram que apenas se tratamentos anteriores não funcionarem. Considerações finais: O tratamento de SOP é multifatorial, e não há um tratamento único para todas as pacientes. Novos estudos são necessários.
Comparação entre os dispositivos intrauterinos de cobre e hormonal: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Slywitch Nathalia Coelho , Alves Bruna Pereira , Martins Evelli Aline de Paula , Romão Júlia Veloso , Amorim Marina Silveira , Vilela Mariana Por-Deus , Borges Morgana Soares , Borges Nathália Laport Guimarães , Neto Valério Ferreira da Cunha , Novais Danielle Fiorin Ferrari
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Comparar e revisar as diversas características do Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU) de cobre com o DIU hormonal, apontando seus mecanismos de ação, eficácias, contraindicações, vantagens e desvantagens, além de sua relação com o HIV. Revisão Bibliográfica: O DIU é um método anticoncepcional altamente eficaz, com taxas de falha em torno de 1%. Não é abortivo e não interrompe a gravidez. O principal mecanismo de ação do DIU de cobre é prejudicar a fecundação do oócito pelo espermatozóide. O DIU hormonal, por sua vez, constituído de levonorgestrel, tem como principal mecanismo de ação o espessamento do muco cervical (impedindo a passagem do esperma pelo colo do útero) e a diminuição da motilidade dos espermatozóides. A taxa de eficácia do DIU hormonal é muito alta, podendo ser representada através do índice de Pearl 0,1. Já o DIU de cobre, que é provavelmente o mais utilizado em todo mundo, tem durabilidade de dez anos e o índice de Pearl muito baixo, ocorrendo uma gravidez ou menos em cada 100 mulheres durante o primeiro ano de uso. Considerações finais: Os dispositivos intrauterinos hormonais e de cobre apresentam características específicas em relação à sua indicação, eficácia, repercussões sistêmicas e principalmente os efeitos colaterais.
Suspeita de Esquizencefalia em exame de Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal: um relato de caso
Authors: D'Antona Pedro Paulo Mendes , D’Antona Hugo Blosfeld , Mansour Isabela Blosfeld
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Apresentar um relato de caso no qual se identificou uma lesão compatível com o diagnóstico de esquizencefalia em feto de 26 semanas durante exame de ultrassonografia bidimensional pré-natal. Detalhamento do caso: Secundigesta de 19 anos e 10 meses, com gestação tópica única de 26 semanas e 4 dias compareceu ao serviço de saúde para realizar exame de ultrassonografia suspeitando de gravidez. A paciente, não havia feito nenhum outro exame prévio ou consulta de pré-natal durante a gravidez atual, e não soube informar a data da última menstruação. Durante o exame observou-se no polo cefálico fetal aparente lesão em fenda bilateral, conectando o sistema ventricular e o espaço subaracnóideo, tendo como hipótese diagnóstica esquizencefalia tipo II. Considerações finais: Apesar de ser uma anomalia rara, a esquizencefalia é um transtorno neuronal que pode gerar manifestações clínicas de diversas gravidades, indo desde a presença de convulsões que podem ser controladas, a severos déficits de desenvolvimento nervoso e motor.
Cutaneous Endometriosis: A Case Report
Authors: Wong Alan , Altmann Stefanie , Krishnamurthy Karthik
Published: May 2021

Cutaneous endometriosis (CEM) is a rare disease characterized by endometrial glands and/or stroma in the skin. Lesions present as a firm papule or nodule and can be blue, violaceous, red, brown or skin-colored. Patients frequently report cyclical tenderness, swelling and bleeding at the site of the lesion related to their menstrual cycle. CEM presents a diagnostic challenge as lesions are commonly mistaken for a keloid, dermatofibroma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, melanoma or cutaneous metastasis of cancer (e.g., Sister Mary Joseph nodule). A biopsy must be taken to rule out malignancy and treatments include surgical excision and hormonal agents. To our knowledge, just over 100 cases have been reported in the literature. Herein we highlight a case of CEM in a 43-year-old female that presented to dermatology after being overlooked on prior work-up with obstetrics and gynecology. This case highlights the need for dermatologists to be familiar with CEM, as we may be the first clinicians these patients present to for painful cutaneous lesions.
Verrucous Carcinoma Arising Secondary to Diabetic Foot Lesions: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Neville Kayla , Obradovic Aleksandar
Published: May 2021

Verrucous carcinoma is classically considered a variant of squamous cell carcinoma, most commonly occurring in the oral cavity in association with snuff and chewed tobacco. However, the association between verrucous carcinoma of the foot and diabetes is less well known. This study presents a systematic review of all articles containing the search term “verrucous carcinoma” and “diabetic foot ulcer” in the abstract or title that have been published in PubMed before September 2020. The requirement for inclusion in our report were that the patient data had been documented in a case‐related manner and the patient diagnosed with verrucous carcinoma secondary to diabetic foot lesion. Seven descriptions of verrucous carcinoma presenting in patients with diabetic foot ulcers were presented across six case reports, and clinical case descriptions are collected here along with treatment outcomes, where available, and discussion of common mimics of verrucous carcinoma of the foot. Due to treatability and potential for extensive invasion of local structures requiring resection with wide margins, verrucous carcinoma should be carefully considered in the differential diagnosis of a warty foot lesion in the setting of the diabetic foot.
Interscapular pain with Chiari Type I malformation attributed to atypical spinal accessory neuralgia
Authors: Singh Anoop Kumar , Kumari Gayatri
Published: May 2021

Background:

The spinal accessory nerve (XI) is traditionally considered a motor nerve. However, as some studies have documented the presence of nociceptive fibers in XI, vascular XI neural compression may lead to an atypical neuralgia.

Case Description:

A 27-year-old male presented with a Chiari Type I malformation contributing to interscapular pain. Following a posterior fossa and microvascular decompression of XI, the patient improved, thus confirming the underlying diagnosis of a XI atypical neuralgia.

Conclusion:

Unilateral, posterior-interscapular deep pain may be due to an atypical spinal accessory nerve (XI) neuralgia rather than a Chiari Type I malformation or syrinx. Posterior fossa decompression, subpial tonsillar resection, and XI nerve microvascular decompression resolved this patient’s complaints. In the future, CTA or MRA vascular studies along with a balanced steady-state gradient echo MRI sequence would be better to document the presence of XI nerve neurovascular compromise.
Delayed subaponeurotic fluid collection on an infant’s head: Underreported case and review of the literature
Authors: Faried Ahmad , Imron Akhmad , Aliyannissa Almira , Indrawati Dini
Published: May 2021

Background:

Delayed subaponeurotic fluid collection (DSFC) is a relatively uncommon problem, probably under reported soft swelling in the scalp which usually develops in infancy that occurs weeks to months after birth. Although the exact etiology remains unclear, several theories have been postulated such as (i) cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) leak from microfractures of the skull and (ii) disrupted lymphatic drainage, gradually liquefying subaponeurotic bleeding. Here, we reported typical clinical findings of DSFC and analysis of the fluid aspirate from our patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported from Asia, particularly from Indonesia.

Case Description:

A healthy 2-month-old girl infant presented with 2 weeks history of occipital painless fluctuant scalp mass with no swelling. She was born at term from a nulliparous mother; by emergency cesarean delivery following failed induction of labor. There was no history of scalp injury at birth nor recent head trauma; ultrasonography showed translucent fluid in subaponeurotic or subgaleal space. The fluid collection was noted to be fluctuant, free-flowing across suture lines, without discoloration or bruising; when placed supine, the fluid collected at her midocciput. A diagnostic tap confirmed the presence of serosanguinous CSF led to a diagnosis of DSFC.

Conclusion:

Herein, we reported the first DSFC case from Indonesia. With no previous experience of the condition, a definitive diagnosis was possible through a very carefully physical examination and history taking, along with a good communication among the neurosurgeon, pediatrician, and the clinical pathologist.
İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Ve Cam Tavan İlişkisine Türk Eğitim Sektörü’nden Niceliksel Bir Bakış: Kadın Kadının Destekçisi Mi?
Authors: AKSOY Numan
Published: May 2021

Cam tavan sorununun örgütlerde kadınların üst yönetim kademelerine yükselmesini engelleyen ciddi bir sorun olduğu bilinmektedir. Kadınların kariyer ilerleyişine zarar veren bu sorunu ortaya çıkaran birçok neden vardır. İnsan kaynakları yönetimini ilgilendiren bazı uygulamalar da bu nedenler arasında sıralanır. Bu çalışmada cam tavan kavramına insan kaynakları yönetimi penceresinden bakılacaktır. Bir başka deyişle, insan kaynakları yönetimi fonksiyonlarının örgütlerde çalışan kadınların cam tavan algılarını nasıl değiştirdiğine odaklanılacaktır. Kısaca işe alım, kariyer geliştirme, eğitim, performans değerlendirme gibi insan kaynakları yönetimi faaliyetlerinin uygulanmasındaki cinsiyet etkisinin kadınların cam tavan algılarını nasıl değiştirdiği bu çalışmanın temel konusudur. Çalışmayla beraber Türk cam tavan yazınındaki bazı eksik noktaların tamamlanacağı düşünülmektedir.
Acquired coagulopathy and complement system pathology in chronic hepatic disorders.
Authors: Коновалова Е.Ю. , Преснякова М.В.
Published: May 2021

Комплемент и коагуляция являются эволюционно связанными протеолитическими гуморальными системами, которые имеют решающее значение для осуществления врожденного иммунного ответа на повреждение и инфекцию, ограничения кровотечения и патологического тромбообразования. Печень играет центральную роль в функционировании системы гемостаза и комплемента: она синтезирует большинство факторов свертывания и их ингибиторов, а также протеины системы комплимента. При хронических заболеваниях печени нарушения системы гемостаза протекают по типу коагулопатий, выраженность которых будет определять клиническую картину основного заболевания. В обзоре представлены данные о роли сосудисто-тромбоцитарного, коагуляционного, антикоагулянтного и фибринолитического звеньев системы гемостаза и компонентов системы комплемента в патогенезе хронических заболеваний печени.

Complement and coagulation are evolutionarily related proteolytic humoral systems that are crucial for the innate immune response to injury and infection, for limiting hemorrhage and pathological thrombosis. The liver plays a central role in the functioning of hemostasis and complement system. It synthesizes most coagulation factors and their inhibitors, as well as complement system proteins. In chronic hepatic diseases, hemostasis disorders proceed as coagulopathies, and their severity determine the clinical picture of basic disease. This review presents data about the role of vascular-platelet, coagulant, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic links of hemostasis and complement system components in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatic diseases.
The history and future of hemostasis research (to the Anniversary of Kirov Research Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion FMBA of Russia).
Authors: Игнатьев С.В. , Ковтунова М.Е. , Ройтман Е.В. , Воробьев К.А. , Лянгузов А.В.
Published: May 2021

В настоящей статье освещаются некоторые этапы становления гемостазиологии как научного направления. Отдельная составляющая работы посвящена истории развития данного раздела медицины, достижениям выдающихся отечественных ученых; освещены ближайшие и отдаленные перспективы научных исследований. Накопленный опыт позволяет авторам надеяться на дальнейшее совершенствование знаний по вопросам свертывания крови и становление специальности «гемостазиология» в Российской Федерации для оказания профессиональной и пациент-ориентированной помощи больным различными заболеваниями, сопровождающимися нарушениями гемокоагуляции.

The article highlights some of the stages in hemostasiology development as a scientific direction. A certain part of the work is devoted to the evolution of this branch of medicine, to the achievements of eminent domestic researchers, highlighted the immediate and further prospects of scientific research. The lessons learned allows to hope for advancing knowledge on the blood coagulation issues and the formation of the specialty “hemostasiology” in the Russian Federation to the professional and patient-oriented care of different patient groups accompanied by blood coagulation disorders.
Activation Energy and NBO Interaction Approaches to Torquoselectivity and its Dependence on the Conformational Profile of the Substituent
Authors: Yadav Veejendra
Published: May 2021

The torquoselectivity of ring opening of 3-fluoromethylcyclobutenes, 2-fluoromethyl-3-oxetenes and perfluoro-3-methyl-cyclobutene have been studied at the MP2/cc-pVTZ level of theory and the results analysed by using the activation energy approach and also the NBO interactions of the breaking ring bond with the substituent bond. The outward or inward opening that has lower activation energy in the activation energy approach or larger interaction in the NBO approach constitutes the preferred mode. The CHF2 and CH2F substituents on cyclobutene and oxetene can adopt three distinct conformations with respect to the cleaving ring bond. It has been discovered that each conformer exhibits a distinct level of torquoselectivity and some higher lying conformer may even significantly contribute to the overall selectivity. The conformational profile of the substituent, therefore, is recommended for taking into consideration in any serious treatment of the subject. The experimental selectivity, if otherwise, is likely to be a consequence of secondary reactions such as the reaction equilibration, which honours the relative thermodynamic stabilities of the ring opened products.