bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEXICAL AND STYLISTIC FEATURES OF TRANSLATION OF AMERICAN SPORTS JARGON
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, DMYTROSHKIN D.
Published: June 2023

The article deals with lexical and stylistic features of translation of American sports jargon. The author substantiates relevance of the research and provides major factors for the study of sports jargon. Basic features of American sports jargon and its functions have been described. The process of converting terms into jargon in sports discourse has been revealed. The following major feature of the use of sports jargon in discourse haven described: concise lexical form, expressiveness, sociolinguistic factors. Basic principles of sports jargon translation have been suggested. The author emphasizes the following methods of translation: equivalent, descriptive translation, transcoding, calque, adaptation. The choice of the translation methods depends of the context, the kind of sport, and stylistic coloring. Using equivalent and adaptation translation have been suggested as the most appropriate methods. Contexts and situations, in which certain methods of translation should be applied have been analyzed and described. Irregular types of American sports jargon have been studied. Specifically, the author talks about jargon with the use of proper names (names of athletes and geographical names). Examples of this type of sports jargon in sentences have been provided. Word-formation principles and meaning of specific types of sport jargon have been analyzed. The author suggests Ukrainian equivalents to such words and phrases. Emotional and coloring aspects of the use of American sports jargon have been revealed. Examples and choice strategies for certain translation of jargon have been analyzed. Attention should be specifically paid to the style of speech (emotional coloring) and the context (translation source). The following general requirements to translators and approaches to translation of American sports jargon have been singled out: to preserve the image/emotion; to choose a correct equivalent; to know the specifics of sports discourse and the kind of sport a translator works with; to be able to select an equivalent from a kind of sport that is popular in the society that speaks target language. Prospects of further research have been provided.
Study of risk factors and marker status in women with breast cancer in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Wong Chieng Bing , Mustapa Aklimah , Matusin Siti Nur Idayu , Abdullah Muhammad Syafiq , Usman Andi Nilawati , Haji Abdul Hamid Mas Rina Wati
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between breast cancer staging and body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, and family history of breast cancer, as well as to assess the expression of tumor markers in women with breast cancer in Brunei Darussalam. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out at The Brunei Cancer Centre. Cases of women with breast cancer between 2000 and 2013 were retrieved from the medical records section and entered into a clinical proforma. These were reviewed and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. RESULTS: Overall, the mean age at diagnosis was 53.6 years ± 9.83. The postmenopausal women had a significantly higher risk of being diagnosed with late-onset breast cancer than premenopausal women (P = 0.022). The expressions of PR (P = 0.034), Her2 (P = 0.046), and CatD (P = 0.004) were significantly different in breast cancer staging. Other factors did not have a statistically-significant association with breast cancer staging. CONCLUSION: While most of the factors studied were not significantly different in breast cancer staging, our findings showed that it is recommended that high-risk women perform regular breast screening after the age of 40 years old. A future study highly appreciates comparing breast cancer risk factors among the Bruneian and Western populations.
The new potential application for Mg(II) cysteinedithiocarbamate complex with anticancer activity
Authors: Raya Indah , Kartina Desy , Irfandi Rizal , Sufiandi Sandi , Wijaya Ronald Ivan , Prihantono Prihantono , Abdalrazaq Eid A. , Kandeel Mahmoud , Usman Andi Nilawati
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE: The new Mg(II) cysteindithiocarbamate complex drug has been synthesized by the in-situ method and tested for its anticancer activity in vitro. METHOD: Mg(II) cysteindithiocarbamate complexes were characterized using Ultra Violet Visible, Infra-Red, melting points, and molar conductivity. RESULTS: The UV-Vis data of cysteindithiocarbamate Mg(II), shows that at 296 nm and 385 nm was occurred the electronic transitions π → π* and n → π* for CS2 and N =C =S. Whereas the IR data at wavelengths in the 393–540 cm−1 shows that there has coordinated between Mg(II) with Sulfur (S), Nitrogen (N), and Oxygen (O) atoms from cysteinedithiocarbamate ligands. CONCLUSION: The cytotoxicity test results showed that the Mg complex’s cytotoxicity was higher than that of the cytotoxicity of the Mg metal without ligands, which means that the Mg complex can be developed as a potential new anticancer drug.
Formal Concepts and Residuation on Multilattices
Authors: Koguep Njionou Blaise B. , Kwuida Leonard , Lele Celestin
Published: June 2023

Multilattices are generalisations of lattices introduced by Mihail Benado in [4]. He replaced the existence of unique lower (resp. upper) bound by the existence of maximal lower (resp. minimal upper) bound(s). A multilattice will be called pure if it is not a lattice. Multilattices could be endowed with a residuation, and therefore used as set of truth-values to evaluate elements in fuzzy setting. In this paper we exhibit the smallest pure multilattice and show that it is a sub-multilattice of any pure multilattice. We also prove that any bounded residuated multilattice that is not a residuated lattice has at least seven elements. We apply the ordinal sum construction to get more examples of residuated multilattices that are not residuated lattices. We then use these residuated multilattices to evaluate objects and attributes in formal concept analysis setting, and describe the structure of the set of corresponding formal concepts. More precisely, if 𝒜 i := ( A i, ≤ i, ⊤ i, ⊙ i, → i, ⊥ i), i = 1, 2 are two complete residuated multilattices, G and M two nonempty sets and ( ϕ, ψ) a Galois connection between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] that is compatible with the residuation, then we show that [Formula: see text] can be endowed with a complete residuated multilattice structure. This is a generalization of a result by Ruiz-Calviño and Medina [20] saying that if the (reduct of the) algebras 𝒜 i, i = 1; 2 are complete multilattices, then 𝒞 is a complete multilattice.
Observed Improvement in Cognition During a Personalized Lifestyle Intervention in People with Cognitive Decline
Authors: Sandison Heather , Callan Nini G.L. , Rao Rammohan V. , Phipps John , Bradley Ryan
Published: June 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic condition marked by progressive objective cognitive impairment (OCI). No monotherapy has substantially altered disease progression, suggesting the disease is multifactorial and may require a multimodal therapeutic approach. Objective: We sought to determine if cognitive function in a sample with OCI would change in response to a multimodal, individualized care plan based on potential contributors to cognitive decline (e.g., nutritional status, infection, etc.). Methods: Participants (n = 34) were recruited from the San Diego, CA area. The multimodal intervention included lifestyle changes (i.e., movement, diet, and stress management), nutraceutical support, and medications. It was delivered pragmatically over four clinical visits, and outcome measures were gathered at four study visits, occurring at baseline, one, three, and six months (primary endpoint). Study participants received weekly phone calls for nutrition support throughout study participation. Outcome measures included the Cambridge Brain Sciences (CBS) battery, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results: At 6 months, mean MoCA scores improved from 19.6±3.1 to 21.7±6.2 (p = 0.013). Significant improvement was observed in mean scores of the CBS memory domain [25.2 (SD 23.3) to 35.8 (SD 26.9); p < 0.01] and CBS overall composite cognition score [24.5 (SD 16.1) to 29.7 (SD 20.5); p = 0.02]. All CBS domains improved. Conclusion: Multiple measures of cognitive function improved after six months of intervention. Our results support the feasibility and impact of a multimodal, individualized treatment approach to OCI, warranting further research.
Magnetic field sensor based on a low-frequency-tail spintronic diode
Authors: Cutugno Francesco , Mazza Luciano , Azzerboni Bruno , Meo Andrea
Published: June 2023

Spin-torque diode have shown great potentials and performance in many applicative fields, from microwave detectors to energy harvesters. In this work, we use micromagnetic simulations to study, at room temperature, a state-of-the-art non-resonant low-frequency-tail spin-torque diode in terms of dc output voltage as a function of the amplitude of an in-plane external field applied along different directions. We find that there exists a threshold value of the injected ac current that promotes a linear behavior of the output voltage of field down to the pT range, and we suggest exploiting such a behavior for the design of a magnetic field sensor.
Convolutional neural networks applied to dissolved gas analysis for power transformers condition monitoring
Authors: Rao Shaowei , Yang Shiyou , Tucci Mauro , Barmada Sami
Published: June 2023

In this contribution a methodology to diagnose transformer faults based on Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) by using a convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. The algorithm to transform the gas contents (resulting from the DGA analysis) into feature maps is introduced, and the resulting feature maps are the input of the CNN. In order to take into account the fact that the data set is imbalanced, the improved Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) is combined with the data cleaning technique to protect the CNN from training bias. The effect of the CNN architecture on the classification performance is also investigated to determine the optimal CNN parameters. All the above mentioned possibilities are tested and their performance investigated; in addition, a final test on the IEC TC 10 transformer fault database validates the accuracy and the generalization potential of the proposed methodology.
The effect of summer pruning time and severity on antioxidant capacity and storage quality of Hayward kiwifruit
Authors: Abedi Gheshlaghi Ebrahim , Eshkvarian Massoumeh Kia , Shiri Mohammad Ali , Raiesi Tahereh , Mojaddad Davood Javadi
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Summer pruning of kiwifruit has an important effect on fruit quality and storability.

OBJECTIVE:

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of summer pruning time and severity on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics and storability of Hayward kiwifruit.

METHODS:

The present study was conducted to evaluate summer pruning time (one week after fruit set [1WAFS] and four weeks after fruit set [4WAFS]) and pruning severity (1 - no pruning [control], 2 - shoot pruning after the third or fourth leaf after the last fruit [common pruning], 3 - tip squeezing, and 4 - zero leaf pruning in 20% of fruit-bearing shoots with unlimited growth) on Hayward kiwifruit in 2020 and 2021.

RESULTS:

The results showed that, at harvest time, the highest average fruit weight and total acid were 124.00 g and 1.74% in the tip squeezing treatment observed in the 4WAFS pruning time in 2021. Zero leaf pruning produced fruits with the highest firmness and antioxidant capacity in 2020 and the highest vitamin C and total phenols in 2021. At the end of 90 days of cold storage, in the tip squeezing treatment, fruit firmness at 4WAFS pruning time was higher than in 1WAFS pruning time in the second year, and the highest antioxidant capacity was in 1WAFS pruning time in the first year. In the second year, the highest vitamin C, firmness, and dry matter were obtained in the zero leaf pruning treatment. In this treatment, the highest total phenols and antioxidant capacity were 133.96 mg GAE/100 g FW and 86.75%, respectively, observed in 4WAFS pruning time in the second year.

CONCLUSIONS:

Overall, tip squeezing and zero leaf pruning at the time of 4WAFS improved the quantitative and qualitative characteristics at the harvest and cold storage.
Research and exploration of data centre construction in smart hospital stage
Authors: Xia Xin , Ma Yunlong , Luo Ye , Lu Jianwei
Published: June 2023

With the rapid developments of data restores and big data technologies in recent years, it aims at applying new technologies in the new stage of smart hospital development and improving scientific and proper management level of hospitals. Based on the constructions of hospital data centers and applications of Internet of things with big data technologies, hospitals can achieve intelligent operations and managements in daily work. With the aids of constructions of the data centers and mass data brought by smart hospital service models, smart management decision-making supports are effectively provided for hospital managers. Through continuous progresses of smart hospital constructions, the operations and managements of hospitals are increasingly dependent based on the supports of the data from the data center in hospital, which form the key in the smart operation and management of hospital in future.
Impact of patent quality on enterprises’ export competitiveness under the background of big data and Internet of Things
Authors: Zhang Qihang , Jiang Jie
Published: June 2023

After entering the new century, the role of science and technology and innovation in promoting economic development has become increasingly obvious, and the Chinese government has also attached great importance to patent management. With the joint efforts of the people of the whole country, the number of patent applications in China has been among the highest in the world for many consecutive years. However, from the perspective of patent quality, there is still a certain gap with developed countries, resulting in generally low efficiency for Chinese export enterprises. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the relationship between the quality of patents and the competitiveness of exporting enterprises. Through variance calculation, we constructed a countermeasure system for using intellectual property rights to enhance competitiveness. The experimental results show that the patent quality is proportional to the competitiveness of export enterprises, and the higher the patent quality, the stronger the competitiveness of export enterprises. The development of this study further clarifies the important value of patent quality, which helps export enterprises adjust their development strategies and effectively enhance their competitiveness.
Damage detection method of automobile hub based on image texture feature
Authors: Wang Ying
Published: June 2023

With the rapid growth in the number of motor vehicles worldwide, the general public is beginning to attach importance to the quality inspection of wheels before they leave the factory. The current wheel defect detection systems are often cumbersome to operate and have low practical performance. Therefore, this research will use dynamic image segmentation, image texture feature extraction and Back Propagation neural network classification based on wheel image defect feature analysis algorithm to achieve automatic intelligent detection of automotive wheel defects. In this study, an intelligent detection system for automotive wheel defects is also designed, and finally the performance of the detection system is tested experimentally to illustrate its practicality. The experimental results show that the proposed intelligent detection system for automotive wheel defects based on image texture features identifies defects in wheel castings with a correct rate of 96% and a false positive rate of only 2%. This illustrates that the detection system proposed in this study has a high recognition rate and can provide a useful reference for the automotive industry inspection.
Improved artificial fish swarm based optimize rapidly-exploring random trees multi-robot exploration algorithm
Authors: Yao Zhifeng , Liu Quanze , Ju Yongzhi
Published: June 2023

To solve the problems of high storage resource consumption and low efficiency of the RRT exploration algorithm in the late stage of exploration, this paper proposes an Improved Artificial Fish Swarm based Optimize Rapidly-exploring Random Trees multi-robot Exploration Algorithm. Firstly, the efficiency of a single robot’s exploration of nearby unknown regions is improved by dynamically adjusting the step size of the RRT tree.Secondly, the improved artificial fish swarm algorithm is used to delete the redundant nodes in the RRT tree and optimize the node state in the RRT tree, which reduces the occupation of memory resources and improves the exploration efficiency of the RRT tree in the narrow environment.Results from comparative experiments in simulation environments with different degrees of openness show that the optimized exploration algorithm can save significant storage resources and show better exploration performance in narrow environments compared to the original RRT exploration algorithm.
Evaluation on technical status of concrete cable-stayed bridge based on improved FAHP
Authors: Li Ying , Qu Jia
Published: June 2023

Because of the large number of components and complex evaluation indexes of long-span bridges, it is necessary to adopt the evaluation method suitable for complex structures. Since the hypothetical membership degree of fuzzy theory and the layer weight of traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) may have subjective bias, the evaluation precision may be influenced if it is applied independently in bridge evaluation and thus the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is more applicable to large-span concrete cable-stayed bridge. The traditional analytic hierarchy process using triangular fuzzy number (FAHP) has the shortcomings of computational errors and limited range, so the improved FAHP is adopted. The improved FAHP method introduces the reliability into the judgment matrix, which can not only solve the existing problems, but also reflect the influence of the fuzziness of the man-made subjective judgment on the result. Based on the detection results for a concrete cable-stayed bridge in Jilin Province, the corresponding hierarchy of index system is established, the trapezoidal function is used to calculate membership degree, and the weight of each index relative to target layer is calculated. Improved FAHP is finally applied to assess the security levels of various parts of this bridge and make comprehensive evaluation on the whole bridge.
Optimization and comparison of two-stage thermoelectric generators considering the influence of temperature variation on materials for waste heat utilization
Authors: Cao Wensheng , Lei Jie , Xu Jianzhuang , Wang Baolin , Huang Meiying , Zhang Ruifang , Bluth Christoph
Published: June 2023

Thermoelectricity technology, as a kind of cost-effective and pollution-free power generation solution, is often used for waste heat recovery and utilization. In this paper, the temperature distribution of a Two-stage Thermoelectric Generator (TTEG) under constant temperature conditions has been studied using a one-dimensional heat conduction model. Moreover, by combining the obtained temperature distribution with the three-dimensional size of TTEG, a calculation formula of resistance and voltage was developed based on the calculus method. When the sum of cross-sectional areas of all the PN-type thermoelectric arms respectively in high- and low-temperature layers is constant, the optimal ratio between cross-sectional areas of a single PN-thermoelectric arm respectively in high- and low-temperature layers can be calculated using the proposed formula in this study to achieve the maximum output power. Results also showed the relationship between the heights of PN-type thermoelectric arms and the temperature distributions in high- and low-temperature layers. Using PbTe as the medium temperature thermoelectric material and Bi2Te3 as the low temperature thermoelectric material, a case study was conducted on the PN-type thermoelectrics with the same total height and the same total cross-sectional area. The theoretical calculation results showed that the bigger of maximum output power between the two-stage thermoelectric generator and that of the Segmented Thermoelectric Generator (STEG) is related to the hot and cold end temperature.
Analysis of factors affecting the water regeneration capacity in Tarim River Basin
Authors: Wu Juan , Li Ying
Published: June 2023

The formation, evolution and regeneration of water resources follow the general laws of nature. However, in recent years, with the increasing social and economic activities of human beings, the hydrological cycle of nature has undergone significant changes, which has led to a prominent contradiction in the water supply-demand. It has also led to a series of serious environmental and ecological problems, which have caused certain areas, such as the Tarim River Basin (TRB) to face severe conditions of water shortage, downstream river channel cutoff, vegetation degradation and ecological environment deterioration. The lack of water is the main problem to solve these problems, and the water resource reproducible ability, now and in the future, is the key to solving the core problem of water shortage. Through collecting data of precipitation, runoff and temperature of representative hydrographic stations of the Tarim River, as well as the data of geographical location and human activities, this paper studies the factors affecting the water resource reproducible ability in the TRB. The paper draws the following conclusions: (1) The water resource reproducible ability in the source flow area of TRB is increasingwhen the temperature and precipitation is increasing. (2) The water resource reproducible ability in the west of TRB is greater than that in the east. (3) With the elevation of the topography, the water resource reproducible ability in the TRB is stronger. (4) Human activities weaken the water resource reproducible ability.
Intelligent design of display space layout based on two-stage deep learning network
Authors: Liu Jiaxing , Zhu Yongchao , Cui Yin
Published: June 2023

In an age of big data and information overload, recommendation systems have evolved rapidly. Throughout the traditional design of interior spaces, the specialised nature of the work and the high rate of human involvement has led to high costs. With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, it provides a favourable environment for reducing the development cost of the system. This study proposes a two-stage modelling scheme based on deep learning networks for the intelligent design of display space layouts, divided into two parts: matching and layout, which greatly improves design efficiency. The research results show that through comparison tests, its prediction accuracy reaches more than 80%, which can well meet the matching requirements of household products. The training number of Epochs is between 15 and 30, its training curve tends to saturate and the best accuracy can reach 100%, while the running time of the hybrid algorithm proposed in this study is only 20.716 s, which is significantly better compared with other algorithms. The proposed hybrid algorithm has a running time of only 20.716 s, which is significantly better than other algorithms. The approach innovatively combines deep learning technology with computer-aided design (CAD), enabling designers to automatically generate display space layouts with good visibility and usability based on complex design constraints. This study presents an innovative application of the research methodology by combining quantitative and qualitative methods to analyse the data. The application of both methods provides a more comprehensive understanding of the problem under study and provides insight into the key factors that influence the results. The findings of this study can provide useful insights for policy makers and practitioners.
Indoor millimeter wave D2D communication resource optimization based on improved PMVC and CTRA algorithms
Authors: Fu Tao , Ding Ning , Gao Jihao
Published: June 2023

In order to improve the quality of millimeter wave communication in indoor environment and ensure the maximum use of link resources. It is proposed to construct indoor communication transmission characteristics through multi sphere link model and indoor millimeter wave reflection blocking model. At the same time, the improved PMVC algorithm and CTRA algorithm are used to optimize the resource scheduling of links in indoor central scenes and edge scenes respectively. The simulation results show that compared with the original PVC algorithm and greedy algorithm, PMVC has a maximum link throughput of 5.01 Gbps under the optimized scheduling of the improved vertex coloring algorithm, while the maximum throughput of the traditional vertex coloring algorithm and greedy algorithm are 4.73 Gbps and 4.57 Gbps respectively. In the case of fixed link transmission beam width, as the number of link flows increases, the slot throughput of the link decreases continuously. Under the width of 30, the maximum slot throughput of PMVC algorithm is 2.75 Gbps, and the maximum slot throughput of greedy algorithm is 2.48 Gbps; When the beam width is 60, the maximum slot throughput of PMVC algorithm and greedy algorithm is 2.25 Gbps and 1.55 Gbps respectively. The proposed PMVC resource scheduling method can effectively alleviate the shortage of indoor spectrum resources and reduce indoor transmission interference of millimeter wave.
Mercurial risk from dental amalgam use in a population of Moroccan dentists: A latent class regression approach
Authors: Attiya Nourdine , Fattahi Rkia , Amarouch Mohamed-Yassine , El-haidani Ahmed , El Jaafari Samir , Filali-Zegzouti Younes
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Dentists using dental amalgam are chronically exposed to low doses of elemental mercury. The complex toxico-kinetics of this systemic toxicant results in polymorphic and variable clinical phenotypes. In this context, adapted statistical methods are required to highlight potential adverse effects of occupational mercury exposure on dentists’ health. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to analyze the distribution of self-reported subjective symptoms, commonly associated with chronic mercury poisoning, according to occupational mercury exposure in a population of Moroccan liberal dentists. METHODS: In order to achieve the defined objectives, a three-step latent class regression was fitted. First a latent class analysis was performed to cluster the studied population according to their declared symptoms. Dentists were then classified in the defined latent classes based on their posterior probabilities. Finally, a logistic regression is fitted to identify predictors associated with the latent classes’ membership. RESULTS: The final obtained model showed acceptable calibration and discrimination. Its interpretation revealed that the increase of the frequency of amalgam use was associated with significant higher odds of belonging to the high risk latent class. CONCLUSIONS: The present study represents an initial step towards the development of diagnosis model that predict clinical profiles according to occupational mercury exposure.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dispensing medicines in the community pharmacy
Authors: Al-Azzawi Shafq , Masheta Dhafir
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: The world has faced an unprecedented challenge since COVID-19 emerged as a pandemic, which has led to quarantine and disruptions in drug services. During the pandemic, drug use habits and availability changed, causing a shift in behaviors and, in turn, medicine misuse. In Iraq, this is a major problem because many medicines can be easily obtained. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to describe the pattern of dispensing medications during the pandemic and to evaluate the biochemical and pathological consequences. METHOD: The analytical, observational, cross-sectional study was performed via a compiled questionnaire for 400 random pharmacists, and the analysis and interpretation of the biochemical changes and medical reports. RESULTS: Results revealed that dispensing of medications since the COVID-19 outbreak has increased by 74%, and the demand for medicines seems higher than required in comparison to the periods before the pandemic, while 60% of the dispensed medicines were taken just in case needed. In addition, the availability of medicines decreased by 61%, and the dispensing of common medicines increased due to the belief in their prophylactic action. Several biochemical abnormalities and pathological consequences were recorded due to the irrational use of medicines, and the highest percentage (12%) was seen in hepatic and liver enzymatic dysfunction and 8% for the endocrine and hormonal abnormalities. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that most of the dispensed medicines were not used on a therapeutic or scientific basis during the pandemic.
Compound feature attention network with edge enhancement for low-dose CT denoising
Authors: Wang Shubin , Liu Yi , Zhang Pengcheng , Chen Ping , Li Zhiyuan , Yan Rongbiao , Li Shu , Hou Ruifeng , Gui Zhiguo
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Low-dose CT (LDCT) images usually contain serious noise and artifacts, which weaken the readability of the image. OBJECTIVE: To solve this problem, we propose a compound feature attention network with edge enhancement for LDCT denoising (CFAN-Net), which consists of an edge-enhanced module and a proposed compound feature attention block (CFAB). METHODS: The edge enhancement module extracts edge details with the trainable Sobel convolution. CFAB consists of an interactive feature learning module (IFLM), a multi-scale feature fusion module (MFFM), and a joint attention module (JAB), which removes noise from LDCT images in a coarse-to-fine manner. First, in IFLM, the noise is initially removed by cross-latitude interactive judgment learning. Second, in MFFM, multi-scale and pixel attention are integrated to explore fine noise removal. Finally, in JAB, we focus on key information, extract useful features, and improve the efficiency of network learning. To construct a high-quality image, we repeat the above operation by cascading CFAB. RESULTS: By applying CFAN-Net to process the 2016 NIH AAPM-Mayo LDCT challenge test dataset, experiments show that the peak signal-to-noise ratio value is 33.9692 and the structural similarity value is 0.9198. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with several existing LDCT denoising algorithms, CFAN-Net effectively preserves the texture of CT images while removing noise and artifacts.
Thermodynamics, Infodynamics and Emergence
Authors: Jaffe Klaus
Published: June 2023

Emergence, information and energy are fundamental properties of nature. We know that it takes free energy to acquire information, and it takes information to increment free energy. Energy obeys all laws of thermodynamics, while information does not. Emergence occurs in dynamic complex systems: when more than one dimension of reality interacts and novel properties of energy and information emerge. Information can be either useful or not in producing free energy. Information can reveal itself in different forms (as entropy, physically encoded, mechanical, biological, structural, in neural or social networks, etc.). Information may increase free energy by reducing entropy in the system, or by capturing free energy from the surroundings. The interaction between information and energy has been studied mostly in physical-chemistry and engineering. Now we find it everywhere, including in computer sciences, genetics, biotechnology, experimental social sciences, and experimental law. In emergent systems new possibilities of increasing free energy and useful information appear. Emergent complexity is visible in the transitions from subatomic particles to atoms, from atoms to molecules, to cells, to organisms, to societies and ecosystems. It is shown that useful information increments free energy. As free energy helps access more information, an evolutionary process aiming at ever more complexity and more free energy and useful information is possible. Increases in entropy decreases free energy and might affect the amount of useful information available in the system. More noise or misleading information decreases useful information which decreases free energy. These complex relationships help us to better understand the evolution of life, societies and ecosystems and makes the creation of independent artificial life feasible. Quantifying changes in energy and information will improve our understanding of the dynamics of emergence in complex far-from-equilibrium systems.
Direction of changes in porous structure and adsorption capacity during topochemical oxidation of coal activated by alkali
Authors:   L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical-Organic and Coal Chemistry, Redko A.V. , Таmarkina Yu.V. , Redko A.M. , Frolova I.B. , Кucherenko V.A.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the work is to evaluate the influence of topochemical oxidation (H2O2, HNO3) of carbon prepared by alkali activation of coal on porosity and ability to adsorb 4-chlorophenol (CPh), Pb(II) cations and iodine. Carbons were oxidized at the reactant/carbon ratio of 1:1 (mol/mol, 250С, 24 h). Based on nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, the volumes and specific surfaces of ultramicro- (Sumi), supermicro- (Ssmi) and other pores were evaluated. Kinetics and adsorption isotherms (250С) of CPh and Pb(II) were characterized; adsorption capacities of CPh, Pb(II) and I2 were determined. The H2O2-assisted modification was found to significantly increase Sumi (from 615 to 829 m2/g), but decrease Ssmi (from 515 to 494 m2/g). The HNO3-assisted modification slightly increases Sumi (from 615 to 651 m2/g), does not change Ssmi, but forms mesopores. The CPh adsorption is best approximated by the second-order kinetics, and isotherms are well fitted with the use of the Langmuir model. The H2O2 treatment increases the CPh capacity from 314 to 389 mg/g; and the НNO3 modification significantly decreases the CPh capacity (to 189 mg/g). Modifications reduce the iodine capacity by 1.11 times (H2O2) and 2.33 times (HNO3). The Pb(II) absorption was established to describe by the second-order kinetics equation; the adsorption isotherms obey Langmuir (R20.986) and Freundlich (R20.984) models. The Pb(II) capacity slightly increases after H2O2-assisted modification (from 87 to 95 mg/g), but increases sharply (from 87 to 298 mg/g) after HNO3-assisted treatment because of significant increasing OH-acidic groups concentration.
Photocatalytic destruction of the products and waste of chemical and pharmaceutical industries
Authors:   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Khalyavka T. , Lysenko A. , Tarasov V. , Zakharova O. , Ponomarenko N.
Published: June 2023

The photocatalytic method was proposed for the destruction of expired medicinal products and medical waste. The use of this method was investigated towards the reaction of photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic rifampicinum in water solutions. Unmodified mesoporous anatase and rutile and modified with C3N4 were used as photocatalysts. All powders were synthesized by thermal hydrolysis of TiCl4 solutions. The modified anatase and rutile were produced by calcination with various amounts of melamine in the inert atmosphere. X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis were used to characterize the powders. It was established that only 19.8% of rifampicinum was destroyed under UV irradiation during 90 min. The percentage of degradation increases by 2.5 times in the presence of unmodified anatase and rutile and by 3.5 and 4 times in the presence of the modified samples, respectively.
Approach of Preeclampsia without Signs of Severity
Authors: Larco-Coloma Jesús Nicolás , Ágreda-Saraguro Diana Brigitte , Bailón-Pereira Cinthya Victoria , Granja-Casanova Stephany , Eduardo Javier Eduardo Javier , Cevallos-Ariza Francisco Xavier
Published: June 2023

Preeclampsia represents one of the main causes of death in pregnancy, worldwide the WHO indicates that 20% of maternal deaths are caused by hypertensive problems. The problems that represent the highest risk index are hypertension and proteinuria, which are often generated from the 20th week of gestation, up to six weeks after delivery, values that generate a rapid increase of serious complications in preeclampsia including the death of the mother and fetus, However, if the gestational age of the fetus exceeds 36 weeks, the best treatment is the induction of labor, because it reduces the risk of complications, however if it is less than 33 weeks, expectant management including imaging, laboratory and welfare studies for the fetus should be initiated. Thus, it is of significant importance the study that provides the best prenatal control, diagnosis and adequate management of this disease, which are the most effective measures to reduce the mortality rate due to this cause.

References
The driving factors facilitating non-medical use of tramadol: a qualitative study of Nigerian youths
Authors: Molobe Ikenna Daniel , Yesufu Victoria Oluwasola , Idigbe Ifeoma Eugenia
Published: June 2023

Background: The paper explores the opinions of Nigerian youth regarding their reasons behind the use of tramadol for non-medical purposes and learns their preferences in choosing tramadol. Methods: We conducted In-depth Interviews (IDIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) among students in secondary schools, tertiary schools and out-of-school youths in Lagos, Ekiti, Edo and Delta states in Nigeria. A total of 20 IDIs and 6 FGDs were conducted among 92 Nigerian youths of age 15 – 25 years. Data was also complemented from school reports, participants’ feedback from youth drug abuse sensitization workshops and desk reviews. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to describe emerging themes. Results: The sex distribution of the participants was 60.1% males and 39.1% females. The main findings for non-medical use of tramadol among the youths were; to enhance sexual excitement (prolong ejaculation), to feel less hungry (reduce the desire for and food) to sustain hard labor (reduce pain, withstand prolong manual labor). The respondents also revealed that tramadol in combination with other substances will give them a euphoric effect. However, many of youths are ignorant of the risk of the non-medical use of tramadol. Conclusion: Tramadol abuse has become widespread in the Nigerian environment among the youths. The findings from this study revealed that the choice of tramadol use for non-medical purposes is a result of different effects discovered in the use which could pose potential harm to the abuser. Therefore, public health approaches should be adopted in preventing the abuse of tramadol among the youth.
Covid-19: Potential relationship of anosmia and ageusia in swallowing rehabilitation
Authors: Peralta-Arancibia Katherine , Rojas-Segovia Roberto , Fuenzalida-Inostroza Rocío , Fuenzalida Loreto F
Published: June 2023

Anosmia and ageusia are prevalent symptoms in COVID-19 patients and can last for weeks. Sensory and olfactory functions perform an important role in swallowing. This article proposes the possible negative effect of the symptoms of anosmia and ageusia in the swallowing rehabilitation of dysphagia oropharyngeal and post-intubation in patients with COVID-19. It is important to consider that swallowing is a multisensory and pathological process, where taste and smell play a key role. In accordance with these factors, we propose future research incorporating objective evaluation methods of the affected senses in COVID-19 patients.
DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS PbO PARTICLES
Authors: Vena Tabita Dwi , Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani , Ragadhita Risti , Kurniawan Teguh
Published: June 2023

This study aims to develop and analyze the design of heat exchangers (HE) in the synthesis of PbO particles using a single precursor method. This type of HE shell and tube one-pass is designed to be simple. The specifications of HE equipment are shell length 1.5200 m, shell diameter 0.1361 m, outer tube diameter 0.0334 m, and thickness 0.0243 m. Then the calculation is done manually using the Microsoft Excel application. The results showed that the HE shell and tube design with the one pass type has a laminar flow, with an effective value of 84.66%. Therefore, this heat exchanger with shell and tube one meets the requirements and standards based on effectiveness, but without considering the fouling factor. The results of this analysis can be used as a learning medium in the design process, analysis of heat exchanger performance, and operating mechanisms.
New Learning Technologies in Design Education
Authors:   Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyova, Baydabekov Auуez , Sadykova Zhanna , Salykova Saule ,   Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyova,   Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyova
Published: June 2023

This article is dedicated to the development of highly qualified design students. Innovative technology methods proposed for use in educational practice by design students are being studied. All methods are aimed at future professionals, their activities, interests and desire. The introduction of innovative technologies is associated with competently oriented education and projects. Particular attention should be paid to the educational process of preparing future designers for practical activity, but the theoretical basis is also important in the learning process. An example of current innovations is the idea of game methods that open up the possibility of developing students' professional skills in design and development of competent training components. The importance of the psychological component is determined in the pedagogical process.
Strategies Towards Dignity in the Experience of Poverty Among Two Predominantly African-American Seventh-day Adventist Churches in Birmingham, Alabama
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Gaiter Roy
Published: June 2023

Problem. African Americans have a higher rate of poverty than any ethnic group. The dearth of dignity through slavery and beyond became a societal pathway to poverty. Seventh-day Adventist African Americans in Birmingham Alabama are not exempt from this predicament. The Norwood and Ephesus Seventh-day Adventist churches are located in the midst of communities of poverty. Some members live in these and other poverty distressed areas. This study is to determine the extent of poverty and the lack of dignity of members of these two predominantly African American churches. The church community is uniquely positioned to share the message that all human beings are made in the image of God. Although the church community has been slow and fail to communicate a clear message of dignity essentials as love, freedom, and equality it is still equipped with divine conviction from God’s word on the dignity of humankind and the sense of duty towards humanity. Method. This project used the questionnaire method to gather information about beliefs, behaviors, poverty levels, and other related indignity experiences of African Americans of the above-mentioned congregations. The questionnaire was distributed to consenting members age 18 years old and above. The purpose was to determine the level of poverty and other relating factors among African Americans at the Norwood and Ephesus churches. In addition, dignity seminars were conducted to highlight how dignity awareness contributes to an elevated sense of worth and purpose regardless of statuses. Results African American members of both Norwood and Ephesus churches in Birmingham, Alabama experience high rates of poverty. Yet 50% of respondents (both churches together) indicated that they had “hopeful dreams for a better day.” They instituted adjustments in their experience that allow them to express hope for a better future. The seminars explored strategies to understand and improve their dignity. Evaluations of the seminars were conducted with both churches. The evaluation question, “Did this seminar raise your awareness that true worth comes from God” was the highest affirmative response of all questions. Accordingly the objective of raising the awareness of dignity was verified among the participants. Conclusion. The study speaks to the erosion of dignity among African Americans as a result of poverty and arising from the institution of slavery. The participants learned that in spite of their economic situation, possessing dignity is crucial to their involvement in society and that dignity occurs as a result of their origins -- being sons and daughters of God with unique qualities and abilities of intelligence and moral contemplation.
Desarrollo e Implementacion de una Escuela de Capacitation Laica Para la Union Colombiana Del Sur
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Arias Quintero Jose
Published: June 2023

Problem. The South Colombian Union (SCU) was established in 2010. Because of its recent organization, the Union does not have a well-organized lay training program, to fulfill its mission. The formation of a lay training school will greatly contribute with the formation of new leaders, as well with the dissemination of the gospel in the region. Methodology. This research begins with a theological study related to the training of laity for evangelism, followed by a review of current literature on training lay people for ministry. To meet the goal to train lay leaders’ for ministry, the SCU adopted, contextualized, and implemented the Andrews University Lay Training Program: Lay Adventist Seminary (LAS). Results. The Lay Training School was successfully implemented in three strategic conferences of the SCU. Over 300 lay members were recruited and trained; however, only 231 participants satisfactorily completed all program requirements. Graduates invested, in 2012, a monthly average of 10 hours witnessing and leading non-Adventists to Christ. At the end of the year, participants reported a total of 186 baptisms, surpassing the expectations projected by the participating conferences. Conclusions. The Lord commissioned His disciples to make disciples of all nations; a challenging task, considering the low number of the church members currently involved in witnessing. Pastoral care is important but not enough to reach communities with the Adventist message. With their efforts, alone, pastors will not be able to fulfill Christ`s mandate. This Project reveled that involving more lay members in witnessing, it is necessary for local churches, conferences, and unions to invest human and financial means to instruct, equip, mobilize and motivate members for ministry. The adoption of the curriculum and the training system of the Lay Adventist Seminary, proved to be an effective and practical tool to train lay member for ministry. Due to the success of this training school, the SCU continues to train lay members in the other ministerial areas.