bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Assess the Adequacy of Antimicrobial Sealing gel and O-ring at the Implant-Abutment Interface to Prevent the Microleakage - An in Vitro Study
Authors:   Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar. Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge., Kalsi Sonam , Kaur Kamleshwar , Narang Raman Deep Singh , Kaur Simrat , Singh Kavipal
Published: April 2023

Background: Although, there are numerous treatment options, periimplantitis remains a problem in implantology that has yet to be adequately handled. Microleakage, which promotes peri-implantitis by reinfecting the implant interior areas with microbes, is one element to consider. Purpose: To evaluate the adequacy of antimicrobial sealing gel (Gapseal) and O-ring in preventing the bacterial infiltration of staphylococcus aureus into the internal surface of the implant-abutment interface. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty samples were divided into three groups (n=40) based on different sealing materials: group I (unsealed); group II (Gapseal); group III (O-ring).To ensure sterility, one implant from each group was incubated at random. The remaining implant and abutment assemblies were attached and incubated in a nutrient solution containing staphylococcus aureus for the next 24 hours. After incubation, samples were decontaminated by immersing them in a 2 percent sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes followed by normal saline for 5 minutes. The assemblies were disassembled and placed in the test tubes containing sterile nutrient solution; the test tubes were agitated to ensure that nutrient solution appropriately contact the inner surfaces of implant abutment assemblies. This bacterial suspension was injected onto Nutrient agar plates and incubated for 24 hours. The resultant colonies that appear on the agar plate were counted with naked eyes. Results: Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U test. On average, the number of bacterial colonies was the minimum (= 4.4) in Group-II, followed by that (= 19.1) in Group-III and the maximum (= 29.2) in Group-I. Conclusion: The application of Gapseal at the implant-abutment interface reduces microbial leakage and possibly increases the survival rate of implant-assisted restorations.
THREADED TAPERED SCREW APPLIANCE, A COST EFFECTIVE GEAR FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF TRISMUS
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics, Govt. Dental College, Trivandrum, R M Geethu , Rodrigues Sheela Virginia , K R Vijayanand
Published: April 2023

Trismus is a condition commonly encountered by the dentists, causing limited mouth opening, interferes with oral hygiene, restricts access for dental procedures, and may adversely affect speech and facial appearance. The overall success of treatment depends on prompt recognition of the cause and initiation of appropriate management. Ideally trismus appliances are used in conjunction with physical therapy effectively for the management of Trismus due to muscle fibrosis or scar tissue that has not yet matured. Currently several trismus appliances either externally activated or internally activated are available commercially. This case report presents a simple and cost-effective approach for the management of Trismus using a Threaded Tapered Screw appliance.
EFFECT OF DISINFECTANT SOLUTIONS ON THE WETTABILITY OF ADDITION SILICONE IMPRESSION MATERIALS AT TWO DIFFERENT EXPOSURE PERIODS- AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors:   Dept. of Prosthodontics, Govt. Dental College, Trivandrum, H Zeenath , L Rajeev Smitha , A K Dipin Das , Nair Vivek V , Shajahan Amal
Published: April 2023

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the surface wettability of addition silicone impression materials, which were treated with two different disinfecting agents for two different time intervals. Methods: Twenty-five rectangle-shaped specimens from each of two different addition silicone impression materials (Express GT and Flexceed) were prepared. Five samples from each impression material were kept as the control without any disinfection. The rest of the specimens were divided into two groups according to the disinfecting agents, (2% Glutaraldehyde and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite) and disinfected for two time periods (10 minutes, and 60 minutes). Later, surface wettability was tested and recorded. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The mean contact angle values of both impression materials at 10 minutes of disinfection were reduced when compared to the control group (without disinfection). As the disinfection time increases there was a tendency of decreasing the contact angle for Flexceed and Express GT impression material for glutaraldehyde disinfectant. But for Flexceed, the mean contact angle values increased after 60 minutes of disinfection with sodium hypochlorite.
Osteomielite: perfil epidemiológico e desfechos verificados em pacientes internados em um hospital público de Curitiba
Authors: Miguel Isadora Dallarmi , Ranieri Raiane Alvarenga , Custódio Pollyana , Fattouch Sâmia Busato Ayub , Biagini Giuliana , Galera Rodolfo , Ribas Gabriel Gomes de Oliveira , Rosa Fernando Martins , Biagini Gleyne Lopes Kujew
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Osteomyelitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of trabecular or cortical bones, periosteum, bone marrow, and nearby soft tissue. It is classified by location within the bone, extent and source of infection. Objective: Assess the epidemiological aspects of hospitalized patients with osteomyelitis and analyze the relationship between length of stay and correlated factors. Methods: Data were collected from 33 patients from an initial selection of 42. Results: The groups were arranged as follows: 8 (24.4%) individuals from 0-20 yo and with a hospital stay of 18 ± 24 d; 13 (39.4%) young adults (21-40 yo) and 12.3 ± 12.4 d; 6 (18.1%) adults (41-60 yo) and 31.8 ± 36 d; and 6 (18.1%) over 60 yo who were under hospital care for 19.6 ± 15.8 d. The longest period of hospital stay was 91 days. Alcoholism (6%), smoking habits (6%) and diabetes (6%) were the most common comorbidities. Mortality rate was 15%, among which 60% were alcohol users. The epidemiologic profile also showed that the majority of the hospitalized were males between the ages 21-40 yo and the most common infective agent was S. aureus. Conclusion: the high mortality rate in individuals over 50, with comorbidities and longer hospital stays highlights the need for strategic planning yielding interventions that diminish harm to the patients and the health system.
Qualidade de vida em pacientes com espondiloartrites: análise comparativa entre as formas axial, periférica pura e mista.
Authors: Simões Julia , L Skare Thelma , C Bircaro Luana , Beckhauser Ana Paula
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Spondyloarthritis are chronic musculoskeletal diseases divided as axial, peripherical and mixed diseases. Due to a great physical involvement, it reduces patients’ quality of life, but it is unknown how the three forms of the disease behave in such context. Objective: To study the quality of life association with spondyloarthritis forms. Methods: Data collection included: epidemiologic data, clinical profile, and quality of life data evaluated through the SF-12 (Short Form Health Survey–12 questions). Results:  About 120 individuals were included: 60 spondyloarthritis and 60 controls. The physical SF-12 showed median of 38.05 for spondyloarthritis and 55.1 for controls (p<0.0001).  The medians in mental SF-12 were 42.1 and 50.1 with p= 0.04.  No differences in quality of life in the spondyloarthritis subgroups could be detected (with p= 0.33 and 0.30 for physical and mental aspects). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in quality of life between spondyloarthritis sample and controls but not among the spondyloarthritis subgroups.
Histologia do miocárdio normal e infartado
Authors: Araujo Pereira Mariana , Wisniewska de Moura Irlena , Vitória Rosa de Souza Camila , Souza Frassato Julia , Sczepaniak da Silva Angelica , Natsumi Hamasaki Ueda Daniela , Santiago de Oliveira Geovana , Gomes Vieira Ribeiro Giuliana
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Myocardial infarction is a pathology that presents high morbidity and mortality. It is the result of cardiomyocyte necrosis caused by oxygenation difficulties. Objective: The aim of this study was to review the histology of the myocardium and its histological changes when infarcted. Method: This is a narrative review of technical books and scientific articles published in SciELO and PubMed. Results: The myocardium is formed by cardiomyocytes, which contract due to the sarcomeres arranged in their myofibrils and present efficient electrical communication with each other through gap junctions. Myocardial infarction promotes the death of cardiomyocytes, alterations in cytoplasmic elements and electrical conduction, in addition to the formation of fibrous scar tissue. Conclusion: In conclusion, the myocardium is highly vascularized and formed by elongated contractile cardiomyocytes with a sarcometric composition. In ischemic conditions, such as myocardial infarction, there is histological remodeling in cardiac muscle tissue that leads to fibrosis and loss of contractile functions.
Minocycline protects against neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction and cognition impairment
Authors: Motaghinejad Majid , Motevalian Manijeh , Ulloa Luis , Kaviani Neda , Hamurtekin Emre
Published: April 2023

The potential of minocycline to protect against methylphenidate‑induced neurodegeneration has been extensively reported in the literature but the mechanism of action is still unknown. This study aims to determine the role of mitochondrial chain enzymes and redox homeostasis on the neuroprotective effects of minocycline in methylphenidate‑induced neurodegeneration. Wistar adult male rats were randomly assigned to the seven experimental groups: Group 1 received saline solution; Group 2 received methylphenidate (10 mg/kg, i.p.); Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 received methylphenidate and minocycline for 21 days; Group 7 received minocycline alone. Cognition was evaluated with the Morris water maze test. Activity of the hippocampal mitochondrial quadruple complexes I, II, III and IV, mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, total antioxidant capacity, and reactive oxygen species were determined. Treatment with minocycline inhibited methylphenidate‑induced cognitive dysfunction. Minocycline treatment increased mitochondrial quadruple complex activities, mitochondrial membrane potential, total antioxidant capacity, and ATP levels in the dentate gyrus and cornu ammonis‑1 (CA1) areas of the hippocampus. Minocycline is likely to confer neuroprotection against methylphenidate‑induced neurodegeneration and cognition impairment by regulating mitochondrial activity and oxidative stress.
Bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy modulates the peripheral met‑enkephalin and striatal monoamine responses to peripheral inflammation in rat
Authors: Kobrzycka Anna Teresa , Stankiewicz Adrian Mateusz , Napora Paweł , Pierzchała‑Koziec Krystyna , Wieczorek Marek
Published: April 2023

In the central nervous system, long‑term effects of a vagotomy include disturbance of monoaminergic activity of the limbic system. Since low vagal activity is observed in major depression and autism spectrum disorder, the study aimed to determine whether animals fully recovered after subdiaphragmatic vagotomy demonstrates neurochemical indicators of altered well‑being and social component of sickness behavior. Bilateral vagotomy or sham surgery was performed in adult rats. After one month of recovery, rats were challenged with lipopolysaccharide or vehicle to determine the role of central signaling upon sickness. Striatal monoamines and met‑enkephalin concentrations were evaluated using HPLC and RIA methods. We also defined a concentration of immune‑derived plasma met‑enkephalin to establish a long‑term effect of vagotomy on peripheral analgesic mechanisms. The data indicate that 30 days after vagotomy procedure, striatal dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and enkephalinergic neurochemistry was altered, both under physiological and inflammatory conditions. Vagotomy prevented inflammation‑induced increases of plasma met‑enkephalin – an opioid analgesic. Our data suggest that in a long perspective, vagotomized rats may be more sensitive to pain and social stimuli during peripheral inflammation.
Coping Strategies of Students in the Online Teaching and Learning of Physical Education
Authors: Mendoza Davidsol
Published: April 2023

Background: The emergence of Covid-19 pandemic has brought a lot of changes in the educational system of the country. As the new normal of teaching and learning arose, challenges did the same. There are the teachers and students who must adopt certain adjustments to cope up with the implications of online classroom just to acquire knowledge and reach the target learning without freezing the education.
Objectives: This study was conducted with the purpose of determining the problems encountered and the coping strategies of the students in the online teaching and learning of Physical Education.
Methods: This study is a descriptive quantitative type of research. Participants were 255 randomly selected students of PE 103-Individual and Dual Sports. In collection of data needed, the researchers utilized a survey questionnaire that contained questions about student’s experiences, students coping strategies, and problems encountered by the students in the online teaching teaching and learning of Physical Education.
Results: The results shows that most of the students strongly agreed with the instruction and assessment utilized by their PE instructors; in terms of students coping strategies, most of the students shows less interest in performing physical activities during online classes, and also most of the students engaged in listening to calming music to relax; and in terms of the problems that they have encountered, most of the students experienced problem with their online connections, and most of the students disagree that they have poor comprehensions during online classes.
Conclusion: It is concluded that within the experiences of students towards instruction, physical education instructors utilized digital platforms in discussing lessons and gave considerable time for the students to finish and submit all the assigned tasks.  Students had engaged themselves in listening to calming music that helps them avoid stress during online learning but engaged less in doing an activity such as stretching for their physical health. Most of the students highly encountered difficulties towards internet connection during online individual and dual sports but they still have a high comprehension level.
DOBROSTAN PRACOWNIKW OCHRONY ZDROWIA W POLSCE W WARUNKACH PANDEMII
Authors: Kinowska Hanna , Juchnowicz Marta
Published: April 2023

Celem artykuu jest analiza poziomu dobrostanu oraz czynnikw o nim decydujcych u osb pracujcych w ochronie zdrowia w Polsce w okresie rozwinitej pandemii COVID-19. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki bada ankietowych, przeprowadzonych w styczniu 2021 r., metod CAWI, na prbie 200 respondentw. Wyniki wskazuj na stosunkowo pozytywn ocen poziomu dobrostanu przez medykw, a take ich optymistyczne podejcie do przyszoci. Pozytywny obraz dobrostanu zaburzaj odczucia pracownikw ochrony zdrowia dotyczce intelektualnego i emocjonalnego wyczerpania. Badanie empiryczne pozwolio zidentyfikowa trzy relatywnie jednorodne grupy pracownikw pod wzgldem czynnikw decydujcych o samopoczuciu zawodowym. Pierwsza wskazuje na dwa rwnie wane czynniki: interesujc prac i pewno zatrudnienia. Druga wyodrbniona grupa uzalenia swoje samopoczucie zawodowe gwnie od interesujcej pracy i moliwoci rozwoju zawodowego. Trzecia grupa koncentrowaa si na rwnowadze midzy prac i yciem zawodowym. Wyniki maj istotne znaczenie dla wiadomego zarzdzania pracownikami ochrony zdrowia. Dostarczaj praktycznych wskazwek pomocnych przy ich motywowaniu.
Talleres sobre recursos didácticos innovadores para el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura.
Authors: Cacuango Alava Cynthia Fernanda , Delgado Cobeña Elan Ignacio , Delgado Jaramillo Claudia Xiomara , Briones Ponce María Eulalia
Published: April 2023

Los recursos didácticos son aquellos materiales e instrumentos que facilitan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, y que presentan limitaciones al momento de ser aplicados. La investigación muestra una alternativa de preparación para los docentes en la elaboración de recursos didácticos innovadores, a través de talleres educativos. El objetivo del trabajo fue diseñar un taller que contribuyan a la elaboración de recursos didácticos innovadores para el desarrollo de la lectoescritura en los niños y niñas del tercer año de Educación Básica en la Unidad Educativa Particular Glen Doman. La propuesta de Taller que se brinda, tiene en su base un estudio descriptivo acerca de los recursos didácticos y sus requerimientos que pudieran favorecer el desarrollo de la lectoescritura en estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Particular Glenn Doman. Se empleó una metodología de tipo descriptiva, que destacó el valor que poseen los recursos didácticos en la actualidad, como medio de aprendizaje para fortalecer el proceso de construcción de los conocimientos en la lectoescritura. Los resultados evidenciaron que la situación exigía una mayor innovación y capacitación del docente que pueda contribuir al desarrollo del aprendizaje y la enseñanza de la lectoescritura. Se propuso el diseño, desarrollo y evaluación de un taller con dichos recursos, donde se estimula la participación e intercambio de experiencias entre los docentes participantes.
Educação em Saúde: Concepções e práticas docentes na Educação Básica
Authors: Nonato Bruna Corrêa , Seiffert Otilia Maria Lúcia Barbosa
Published: April 2023

A Educação em Saúde se relaciona aos processos educativos de conhecimento em saúde e combinações de experiências de aprendizagem que buscam contribuir para a autonomia das pessoas no cuidado à própria saúde. O conceito objetiva transformações no comportamento das pessoas e do coletivo no sentido de favorecer ações voluntárias. A escola se torna por isso um campo bastante propício para processos de ensino-aprendizagem que tratem da Educação em Saúde. Este artigo deriva-se da pesquisa de mestrado “A formação e a prática de ensino-aprendizagem em Educação em Saúde do professor da Rede Pública Municipal de São Paulo: análise do Ciclo Autoral na região do Campo Limpo”, do Programa de Pós-Graduação Ensino em Ciências da Saúde – Mestrado Profissional do Centro de Desenvolvimento do Ensino Superior em Saúde (CEDESS) da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). A pesquisa analisou o espaço que a Educação em Saúde ocupa nos processos formativos e práticas de ensino-aprendizagem de professores da educação Básica - Ciclo Autoral de escolas da Rede Pública Municipal de São Paulo na região do Campo Limpo. A pesquisa ancorou-se nos fundamentos da abordagem metodológica qualitativa, englobando pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e pesquisa empírica. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com um questionário semiestruturado do Google Formulários tendo vinte e três professores participantes de três escolas da região. A análise dos dados evidenciou que há um espaço em construção da Educação em Saúde nas escolas, sua importância e benefícios são claros aos(às) docentes, porém ainda é necessário o fortalecimento das ações formativas voltadas à saúde considerando os anseios e perspectivas dos(as) professores(as). A formação inicial e continuada se reflete na atuação docente, delineando possibilidades de caminhos para onde seguir.
Health care for the obese person in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Authors: Santos Jéssica Batista dos , Andrade Vandelene Mota , Sagrillo Cristiano Pereira , Braga Daniella da Silva , Costa Melina Even Silva da , Freire Gabriel Henrique Ellwanger , Gonçalves Caroline Ruas , Lopes Carlos Eduardo de Araujo , Silva Natalia Rodrigues da , Cabeça Filho Gilberto Cesar Macedo
Published: April 2023

Research Question: What is the Hearth care for obese people in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)? General and specific objective respectively: To analyze what are the causes and consequences of obesity; To investigate what are the public policies to combat obesity; To identify in the literature which are the health care to be applied in the care of the obese person. Hypothesis: Health care directed to the treatment of obese people in the Intensive Care Unit contributes to the improvement of their clinical condition. Type of study: Narrative review.
Analysis of the annual variability of premature born lives and deaths regarding birth weight in ES
Authors: Santos Isabella Marvila , Saloum Michel Morine , Dias Fabiano Moura , Pacheco Juliana do Prado , Schneider Guilherme Navarro
Published: April 2023

Prematurity is one of the main factors of infant mortality. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the annual variability of live births and premature deaths concerning the birth weight range in the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil. The period studied was between the years 2000 to 2020 using a historical series of data from the Information System for Live Births - SINASC and the Mortality Information System - SIM. In the records analyzed, a total of 1,135,352 live births were obtained, of which 73,420 (6.47%) were premature, born between 22 and 36 weeks of gestational age, and weighing more than 1500 g. The highest proportion of premature newborns, referring to birth weight, occurred for weights from 1500 to 2500 g (Low Birth Weight). The highest proportions of premature deaths about birth weight were for the lowest weight ranges. The percentage of deaths related to gestational age was lower for the age group of 32-36 weeks.
Prevalence of headache in native populations: Peculiar interpretations of mental illness
Authors: Fitz Gustavo Augusto Mota , Bogoni Gabriel Ferrari , Cruz Juliano Vitorino da , Leitão Maicon Matos , Kassuya Cândida Aparecida Leite , Vilela Lazaro Felipe Costa , Vilela Thales Fernando Costa , Romeiro Vinicius Blanco
Published: April 2023

Regarding medicine, ethnic groups with ancient traditions have specific interpretations of certain pathologies. In this sense, neurological diseases gain prominence and within them, the famous headaches stand out, which have a high prevalence in almost all populations studied. The objective of this study is to evaluate different perceptions about neurological and mental illnesses, in addition to looking for studies that show the prevalence of headaches in native populations, considering the housing scenario of Greater Dourados, which is home to varied ethnic groups.
Public communication of brazilian aerospace science
Authors: Lêdo Fabíola Guimarães Monteiro , Adami Antônio
Published: April 2023

This article analyzes the public communication of aerospace science, and the problem of its definition. Such an approach is necessary considering that the concept of public communication of science is broad and has different meanings, depending on the context, the author, and the country that uses it. The purpose of this work was to insert the public communication of science in the conception that information is a right of citizenship. Methodologically, the research was carried out from a bibliography, from a perspective of integrative review. The analysis proved that the use in South and Central America, as well as in the USA, of the expression "public communication" is a consensus, meaning an information process focused on the public sphere. There was an understanding that this type of communication acts as a link of interaction and transmission of scientific knowledge for the understanding of the public, enabling participation, awareness, citizenship, and dialogue. And this particular type of communication, especially post-pandemic, appears in different ways and different vehicles, whether in print media, electronic media, social networks, research centers, and even museums, which constitute ways of communicating science.
Comparative evaluation of propagation prediction models for mobile communications applied to the city of Natal and Metropolitan Region
Authors: Pinheiro Fred Sizenando Rossiter , Silva Gutembergue Soares da
Published: April 2023

The growth in demand for wireless communications has led researchers to devise new solutions and techniques aimed at increasing the capacity of networks and improving the quality of mobile communications services. The use of smaller and smaller cells, the use of progressively higher frequencies, and more complex propagation environments demand more accurate modeling and prediction techniques are part of this context. The prediction of coverage in a cellular system, especially in urban areas, is one of the most relevant aspects for mobile network operators. This work aims to present a comparative analysis of the application of several models in cross-section with the results of a campaign of propagation measurements in the city of Natal and the metropolitan region. Supported by the infrastructure of a mobile laboratory, the measurements were carried out in three areas with different characteristics of buildings, relief, afforestation, and heights of diversified towers, covering the central area of the city, a suburban area, and a coastal stretch bordered by dunes. The measurement campaign was made in the 800 MHz bands, using as a reference the control channel of the existing sites in the evaluated areas. The results obtained for attenuations were compared with the values calculated from the prediction models employed. The campaign of measurements proved the occurrence of a greater attenuation and more accentuated characteristics of oscillations of the power received in the central area of the city, evidencing the influence of the greater density of obstacles, variation of the condition of visibility point-to-point, greater traffic of vehicles and people and differences in the characteristics of afforestation and buildings in the streets of the region.
Bryophytes in removal of environmental contaminants: Review and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Torres Therrése Tesser , Rocha Cacinele Mariana da , Rodrigues Lúcia Helena Ribeiro
Published: April 2023

Bryophytes, especially mosses, have received growing attention because of their environmental applications, such as biosorption and phytoremediation. In general, this group is known for its sensitivity to environmental changes and the presence of pollutants such as metals, metalloids, persistent organic pollutants (POP), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), components that are harmful to the environment and human health. Considering that bryophytes are cosmopolitan plants, the development of approaches employing them has great potential for use in different locations around the world. Given this, the present review seeks to evaluate the main aspects related to the environmental application of bryophytes in the removal of contaminants through biosorption and phytoremediation. For this purpose, the VOSviewer software was used in the elaboration of bibliometric maps, using information obtained from the Web of Science platform. The search related to the application of mosses in phytoremediation found 174 publications, the search related to the application of mosses in biosorption obtained 140 results. Of this total, it was observed that most studies were developed from 2005 onwards for both research areas, 2020 being the year with the largest number of studies using bryophytes in phytoremediation (n = 17), thus demonstrating that use this group is in growing development and has valuable application potential in the fields of biosorption and phytoremediation.
Literatura à Luz do Direito: Uma Proposta Prática Interdisciplinar
Authors: Armando de Oliveira Silva Luã
Published: April 2023

Este estudo tem como objetivo propor um trabalho prático interdisciplinar entre as duas áreas epistemológicas Direito e Literatura. Para isso, optamos por uma metodologia estritamente bibliográfica. Os resultados convergem a uma afirmativa de que há benefícios pedagógicos quanto ao imbricamento das áreas supracitadas. Por fim, almejamos que tal trabalho possa contribuir de alguma forma a professores que se aventurem no universo da interdisciplinaridade no Ensino Superior.
Anticoagulation use in perioperative atrial fibrillation after noncardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ke Wang Michael , Heo Rachel , Meyre Pascal B. , Blum Steffen , Park Louis , Birchenough Lauren , Vuong Kiven , McIntyre William F. , Healey Jeff S. , Devereaux Philip J. , McMullen Michael , Mrkobrada Marko , Pinilla-Echeverri Natalia , Styles Kim , Conen David
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Perioperative atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death after noncardiac surgery. Anticoagulation therapy is effective for stroke prevention in nonsurgical atrial fibrillation, but its efficacy and safety in perioperative atrial fibrillation are unknown.

METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL from database inception until January 2022. We included studies comparing anticoagulation versus no anticoagulation use in patients with perioperative atrial fibrillation after noncardiac surgery. Our study outcomes included stroke ± systemic embolism, bleeding, mortality, myocardial infarction, and venous thromboembolism. We pooled studies using fixed-effects models. We reported summary risk ratios (RRs) for studies reporting multivariable-adjusted results.

RESULTS: Seven observational studies but no randomised trials were included. Of the 27,822 patients, 29.1% were prescribed therapeutic anticoagulation. Anticoagulation use was associated with a lower risk of stroke ± systemic embolism (RR 0.73; 95% CI, 0.62–0.85; I2 = 81%; 3 studies) but a higher risk of bleeding (RR 1.14; 95% CI, 1.04–1.25; 1 study). There was a lower risk of mortality associated with anticoagulation use (RR 0.45; 95% CI, 0.40–0.51; I2 = 80%; 2 studies). There was no difference in the risk of myocardial infarction (RR 2.19; 95% CI, 0.97–4.96; 1 study). The certainty of the evidence was very low across all outcomes.

CONCLUSION: Anticoagulation is associated with a reduced risk of stroke and death but an increased risk of bleeding. The quality of the evidence is very poor. Randomised trials are needed to better determine the effects of anticoagulation use in this population.
Perspective Chapter: A New Space of Storytelling
Authors: Liu Yangli
Published: April 2023

Following decades of inventing new display and sensing technologies, augmented, virtual, and mixed reality (XR) devices, platforms, and communities provide a new space for storytellers to tell their desired stories. While we are in the process of developing new conventions for fully immersive storytelling, we must first define the properties and functionalities of the new digital medium. This chapter is based on my research in the field of virtual reality (VR). I would like to share some insights I have gained through exploring a wide range of VR works from various countries.
The Legumes ofNeltuma spp.(ex Prosopis spp.) and Their Properties for Human and Animal Food
Authors: Jacqueline Joseau Marisa , Rodriguez Reartes Sandra , Eduardo Frassoni Javier
Published: April 2023

The objective of this chapter is to present the advances in the use of Neltuma (ex Prosopis) pods for human and animal consumption, taking into account their distribution in Argentina. Images of the distribution of principal species used in forest cultivation, types of pods, nutritional tables and possible uses are included. Fruit threshing machine to obtain seeds and flour from the National Germplasm Bank of Prosopis of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the National University of Córdoba, and some regional recipes are described.
The Relevance of Maintaining Standing Forests for Global Climate Balance: A Case Study in Brazilian Forests
Authors: Costa Gabriel , Silva Cláudio , R. Mendes Keila , Bezerra Bergson , R. Rodrigues Thiago , B. Silva Jonh , J. Dalmagro Higo , Nunes Hildo , Gomes Ana , Silva Glauce , Batalha Sarah , Marinho Larice , Almeida Gabriele , Viana Losany , Mandu Tiago , P.L. de Oliveira Demethrius
Published: April 2023

Estimate Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) is important to better understand carbon exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. Comprehend these dynamics is essential to better understand the responses of environments to ongoing climatic changes. This study aims to analyze, with AMERIFLUX and LBA network measurements, the variability of NEE and climate variables in four different tropical coverages: Pantanal, Amazonia, Caatinga and Cerrado (savanna). Furthermore, was estimate the Gross Primary Productivity (GPP). We found a distinct seasonality of meteorological variables and CO2 fluxes in each site. Despite acting mostly as a CO2 sink, some environments already show worrying source data in certain periods, pointed out as a direct effect of the reduction of photosynthesis caused by land use changes. The preserved forest plays an important role in maintaining rainfall at a regional and global level, and its maintenance makes it possible, by the way, an important tool in combating global warming via carbon sequestration by trees, which requires commitment and public policies of environmental preservation and recovery of degraded areas.
The Menace of Aflatoxin: Understanding the Effects of Contamination by Aspergillus Species on Crops and Human Health and Advancements in Managing These Toxic Metabolites
Authors: Afzal Amir , Syed Sairah , Ahmad Rafiq , Zeeshan Muhammad , Nabi Ghulam
Published: April 2023

Food security and safety are essential global issues that require collaboration from governments, private industry, and individuals to ensure there is enough safe and nutritious food to meet the needs of a growing population. The three main elements impacting food security and safety are the availability of food, access to safe food, and the utilization of food for a healthy life. Aflatoxins, harmful mycotoxins produced by certain fungi, damage a significant proportion of the world’s food supply, which is a factor in food insecurity. Effective strategies to prevent and manage aflatoxin contamination in crops include promoting sustainable and diversified agricultural practices, improving crop management, post-harvest handling and storage, and strict regulation and monitoring of food quality and safety. To date, there have been 20 different types of aflatoxins identified, with B1, B2, G1, and G2 being the most prevalent and dangerous. To mitigate the impact of aflatoxins, it is important to understand the mechanisms of contamination, the impact of aflatoxins, and the management strategies that can be employed to reduce contamination. An updated review on aflatoxin contamination, its impact and management strategies can provide valuable information for researchers, policymakers, and food safety professionals.
Metformin in COVID-19: Is There a Role Beyond Glycemic Control?
Authors: Nagendra Lakshmi , Bhattacharya Saptarshi , Kalra Sanjay , Kapoor Nitin
Published: April 2023

Context: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still a cause of worldwide health concern. Diabetes and its associated comorbidities are risk factors for mortality and morbidity in COVID-19. Selecting the right antidiabetic drug to achieve optimal glycemic control might mitigate some of the negative impacts of diabetes. Metformin continues to be the most widely administered antidiabetic agent. There is evidence of its beneficial outcome in COVID-19 independent of its glucose-lowering effect. Evidence Acquisition: A thorough literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify studies investigating metformin in COVID-19. Results: Several overlapping mechanisms have been proposed to explain its antiviral properties. It could bring about conformational changes in the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor and decrease viral entry. The effects on the mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway and cellular pH have been proposed to reduce viral protein synthesis and replication. The immunomodulatory effects of metformin might counter the detrimental effects of hyperinflammation associated with COVID-19. Conclusions: These findings call for broader metformin usage to manage hyperglycemia in COVID-19.
Ecocriticism
Authors: Morton T.
Published: April 2023

The task of the author’s project “ecology without nature” is to use deconstruction to counteract prevailing normative ideas about nature for the sake of sentient beings suffering under catastrophic environmental conditions. Timothy Morton sees in the very idea of nature itself one of the obstacles to truly ecological politics, ethics, philosophy, and art. He calls for a thorough study of how nature is defined as a transcendental, unified and independent category. The study of how art represents the environment makes it possible to see that “nature” is an arbitrary rhetorical construct, devoid of a truly independent existence outside or beyond texts about nature. The rhetoric of nature itself depends on an ambient poetics, that is directed toward the evocation of the surrounding atmosphere or the world through text. Morton shows that people at different periods of time put various ideological meanings into the concept of “nature”; the historicization of this poetics makes obvious its vacuity of inner being and independent value. The history of ambient poetics depends on certain forms of identity and subjectivity, which are also historical. Without stopping at historicization, the author calls for the politicization of ecological art and the use of the rhetorical effect of “nature” as a slogan in order to strengthen environmentalism. The ecological thinking that Morton calls for does not operate with “nature” as a kind of ready-made, ideological concept and thus emerges as an ecology “without nature”. On the other hand, a non-conceptual image in environmental literature can be a convincing point of attraction for an intensive conceptual system — namely, an ideological one.
An argument for incorporating sociological approaches into phenomenological analyses in engineering education research
Authors: Cruz Moreno Sandra , Chance Shannon , Bowe Brian
Published: April 2023

Despite numerous research studies that have examined why women are underrepresented in engineering education programmes, the phenomenon is still not fully understood, and no effective general solutions have been found. In this context, analysing women’s experiences in engineering education can provide insights regarding the evolution of the students’ learning strategies and socialization processes as well as contextual factors that influence their choice to persist in or leave their courses. This paper explores the pertinence of enhancing phenomenological analyses conducted in engineering education research by incorporating sociological perspectives, drawing on sociological studies that explore the relationship between gender, STEM education and persistence in STEM courses. The aim is to contribute to building a conceptual framework that, on the one hand, captures lived experience in engineering education and, on the other hand, analyses the social settings around engineering itself, i.e., the objectively significant circumstances, that condition female students’ attitudes, behaviours, and expectations towards persisting or not in engineering courses. Conclusions suggest the conceptual framework around subjectively meaningful experiences, proposed by Alfred Schutz, who followed the phenomenological school of thought initiated by Edmund Husserl, might be useful in understanding not only (a) the representations of the subjective social world for women in engineering education (that induces feelings of identification, security, symbolic values, and ultimately social actions), but also (b) the intersubjective social system that structures daily life, legitimizes behavioural patterns, assigns roles, and defines group membership along education in engineering. Expanding engineering education researchers’ conceptions of phenomenology, to consider more of the structural issues that influence women’s experiences and choices, can help generate increasingly meaningful research findings.
Processes of Translation and Writing: An Analytical Study
Authors: Dr. Paresh Jotangiya
Published: April 2023

The study of writing and the study of translation are typically pursued as different pursuits in college. Many similarities have been found between the two groups, as evidenced by studies undertaken on both groups that usually employ the same study approach. A focus on writing and translation as methods of text production is encouraged in this introduction. Examples of study subjects at the interface of writing and translation are sketched out. Following this introduction, we'll take a closer look at competency and profiles, two of these aspects.
Academic Comprehensive Writing Skills Enhancement for the Learners of School
Authors: Asha Bavarava
Published: April 2023

There is a need to examine the impact of an innovative comprehensive writing curriculum in upper primary school on students' writing performance and on teachers' teaching practises, beliefs and skills. In addition to teaching genre-specific writing skills, the course stressed the importance of writing's communicative nature and the importance of writing as a process. It was implemented by 43 teachers in their regular classrooms (grades 4–6), with a total of 1052 students in three conditions: (1) a writing programme, (2) the same programme augmented with professional development sessions and coaching, and (3) a control condition in which teachers taught their regular writing lessons. Students were tested on their writing abilities three times, each time using a new writing issue to gauge their progress. In addition to classroom observations and interviews, questionnaires, teacher logs, and an assessment exam including text were used to gather information about teachers' beliefs, attitudes, and skills. Students' writing ability and the amount of time instructors spent teaching writing skills improved as a result of the writing programme. A direct influence on lesson implementation and an indirect impact on student performance were found as a result of the complementary professional development and coaching. The results of a thorough examination show that this innovative method of teaching writing in the upper grades of elementary schools is effective.
African Palaver Ethics, the Common Good, and Nonrecognition of Women
Authors: Nwainya Ogonna Hilary ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2023

This essay argues that African palaver ethics makes a vital contribution to the common good tradition in Catholic social ethics. It highlights the significance of solidarity in both Bénézet Bujo’s account of palaver ethics and David Hollenbach’s account of the common good. Yet it concedes that palaver ethics is not perfect as it does not adequately address the missing voices of women. Therefore, it calls for the ethical conversion of the palaver so as to duly recognize the voices of African women and their various contributions to the common good.
The Importance of Analyzing Child Development and Understanding of Milk-Based Fortified Foods for Primary Health Care Issue
Authors: Erlinawati Noor Diah , Sumarsih Sumarsih , Taurina Hilda
Published: April 2023

Indonesia is already facing a high nutritional problem. Early detection of child wasting is the key to successful prevention and treatment. Increasing animal protein intake for children is one of the government's steps to address child malnutrition. Consumption of fortified milk as one of the animal proteins may support the growth and development of children. The general purpose of this community service is to increase the knowledge and the implementation of dairy products to improve child immunity and growth. This community service activity was carried out at the Sidodadi village hall, Central Bengkulu in 2021. Participants in the community service activity were maternal and child village health workers, plus representatives from the Puskesmas and village officials with a total of 32 participants. The methods used are socializing information, questions and answers with participants based on experience and field findings, providing materials related to sources of milk food ingredients and their fortification, carrying out copyright quizzes on milk-based healthy food recipes, and monitoring with evaluation. Evaluation sheets are used to assess participant satisfaction and record things that are still needed by cadres for further socialization activities. The performance test was carried out with a quiz on preparing healthy milk-based food recipes for children. Activity results are described with a satisfaction survey. Increasing education through health counseling greatly influences the knowledge of village health worker to be wise in providing education on fortified milk-based foods and providing examples of useful recipes for malnourished children.
ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมการแสวงหาความท้าทายในการเรียนรู้ภาษาอังกฤษตามทฤษฎีกรอบความคิดของนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิต
Authors:   , จาติเทศะ เจนจิรา
Published: April 2023

งานวิจัยในครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลของการใช้โปรแกรมส่งเสริมการแสวงหาความท้าทายในการเรียนรู้ภาษาอังกฤษตามทฤษฎีกรอบความคิดของนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิต กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ นักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิตชั้นปีที่ 4 จากมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนแห่งหนึ่ง มีรูปแบบการวิจัยเชิงทดลองเเท้จริง (True experimental research design) และนักศึกษากลุ่มตัวอย่าง จำนวน 39 คน ถูกสุ่มเพื่อเข้าเป็นกลุ่มทดลอง จำนวน 19 คนเเละกลุ่มควบคุม จำนวน 20 คน โดยมีเครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย คือ โปรแกรมส่งเสริมการแสวงหาความท้าทายในการเรียนรู้ภาษาอังกฤษตามทฤษฎีกรอบความคิด และแบบวัดการแสวงหาความท้าทายในการเรียนรู้ภาษาอังกฤษ วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดย ค่าเฉลี่ย (Mean) ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน (Standard deviation) เเละเปรียบเทียบค่าเฉลี่ยของคะเเนนการเเสวงหาความท้าทายในการเรียนรู้ภาษาอังกฤษระหว่างช่วงเวลาการวัดโดยใช้การวิเคราะห์ความเเปรปรวนทางเดียวเเบบวัดซ้ำ (One-way repeated measures ANOVA) เเละการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลสถิติทดสอบค่าที (t-test) ผลการวิจัยสรุปได้ดังนี้ (1) นักศึกษากลุ่มทดลองมีค่าเฉลี่ยของคะแนนการแสวงหาความท้าทายในการเรียนรู้ภาษาอังกฤษในระยะหลังการทดลอง และระยะติดตามผลสูงกว่าระยะก่อนการทดลองอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05 (M หลังทดลอง =  4.16, SD หลังทดลอง = 0.45, M ติดตามผล =  4.09, SD ติดตามผล =  0.46, F = 11.67, p = .00) มีขนาดอิทธิพลเท่ากับ 1.88 (2) หลังได้รับโปรแกรมและในระยะติดตามผลนักศึกษากลุ่มทดลองมีค่าเฉลี่ยของคะแนนการแสวงหาความท้าทายในการเรียนรู้ภาษาอังกฤษสูงกว่ากลุ่มควบคุมอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05 (ระยะหลังทดลอง Mทดลอง = 4.16, SD ทดลอง = 0.45, M ควบคุม = 3.37, SD ควบคุม = 0.19,  t = 7.13, p = .00 และระยะติดตามผล Mทดลอง = 4.09, SD ทดลอง = 0.46,  M ควบคุม = 3.32, SD ควบคุม = 0.20, t = 6.73,  p =.00) และมีขนาดอิทธิพลเท่ากับ 2.29 และ 2.17 ตามลำดับ