bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contributions of climate change and groundwater
extraction to soil moisture trends
Authors: Wang Longhuan , Xie Zhenghui , Jia Binghao , Xie Jinbo , Wang Yan , Liu Bin , Li Ruichao , Chen Si
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Climate change affects water availability for soil, and groundwater extraction influences water redistribution by altering water demand, both of which significantly affect soil moisture. Quantifying their relative contribution to the changes in soil moisture will further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the global water cycle. In this study, two groups of simulations were conducted with and without groundwater (GW) extraction (estimated based on local water supply and demand) from 1979–2010 using the land surface model CAS-LSM with four global meteorological forcing datasets (GSWP3, PRINCETON, CRU-NCEP, and WFDEI). To investigate the contribution of climate change and GW extraction, a trajectory-based method was used. Comparing the simulated results with the in-situ dataset of the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN) and the satellite-based soil moisture product of the European Space Agency’s Climate Change Initiative (ESA-CCI) indicated that the CAS-LSM reasonably reproduced the distribution of soil moisture, and well matched the temporal changes. Globally, our results suggested a significant decreasing trend in surface soil moisture (0.98 e−4 mm3 mm−3 yr−1) over the 32-year period tested. The drying trends were mainly observed in arid regions such as the tropical desert regions in North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. While the wetting trends were primarily in tropical forested areas in South America and Northeast Asia. Climate change contributed 101.2 % and 90.7 % to global drying and wetting trends of surface soil moisture, respectively, while GW extraction accounted for −1.2 % and 9.3 %, respectively. In deep soil, GW extraction contributed 1.37 % and −3.21 % to the drying and wetting trends, respectively. The weak influence of GW extraction may be because this activity occurs in limited areas. GW extraction contributed more than 35 % to the change in surface soil moisture in wetting areas where GW overexploitation occurs. GW is mainly extracted for irrigation to alleviate soil water stress in semiarid regions that receive limited precipitation, thereby slowing the drying trend and accelerating the wetting trend of surface soil. However, GW exploitation weakens the hydraulic connection between soil and aquifer, leading to deeper soils drying up. Overall, climate change dominated soil moisture trends, but the effect of GW extraction cannot be ignored.
Automatic detection of avalanches combining array classification and localization
Authors: Heck Matthias , van Herwijnen Alec , Hammer Conny , Hobiger Manuel , Schweizer Jürg , Fäh Donat
Published: June 2019

Abstract. We used continuous data from a seismic monitoring system to automatically determine the avalanche activity at a remote field site above Davos, Switzerland.
The approach is based on combining a machine learning algorithm with array processing techniques to provide an operational method capable of near real-time classification.
First, we used a recently developed method based on hidden Markov models (HMMs) to automatically identify events in continuous seismic data using only a single training event. For the 2016–2017 winter period, this resulted in 117 events. Second, to eliminate falsely classified events such as airplanes and local earthquakes, we implemented an additional HMM-based classifier at a second array 14 km away. By cross-checking the results of both arrays, we reduced the number of classifications by about 50 %. In a third and final step we used multiple signal classification (MUSIC), an array processing technique, to determine the direction of the source. As snow avalanches recorded at our arrays typically generate signals with small changes in source direction, events with large changes were dismissed. From the 117 initially detected events during the 4-month period, our classification workflow removed 96 events. The majority of the remaining 21 events were on 9 and 10 March 2017, in line with visual avalanche observations in the Davos region. Our results suggest that the classification workflow presented could be used to identify major avalanche periods and highlight the importance of array processing techniques for the automatic classification of avalanches in seismic data.
Analytical model captures intratidal variation of salinity in a
convergent, well-mixed estuary
Authors: Xu Yanwen , Hoitink Antonius J. F. , Zheng Jinhai , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Knowledge of the processes governing salt intrusion in estuaries is important since it influences the eco-environment of estuaries as well as its water resource potential in many ways. Analytical models of salinity variation offer a simple and efficient method to study salt intrusion in estuaries. In this paper, an unsteady analytical solution is presented to simulate the spatial-temporal variation of salinity in convergent estuaries. It is derived from a one-dimensional advection-diffusion equation for salinity adopting a constant mixing coefficient and a single-frequency tidal wave. Compared with steady-state solutions, it can directly reflect the influence of the tide and the interaction between the tide and runoff. The deduced analytical solution is illustrated with an application to the Humen estuary of the Pearl River Delta (PRD), and proves to be an efficient and accurate approach to predicate the salt intrusion in convergent estuaries. The unsteady analytical solution is tested against six surveys made at six study sites, to validate its capability of predicating salt intrusion variation. The results show that the proposed unsteady analytical solution can be successfully used to reproduce the spatial distribution and temporal processes governing salinity dynamics in convergent, well-mixed estuaries. Meanwhile, this predictive equation provides a quick and convenient approach to decide upon water fetching works to make good use of water resources.
Spatially distributed tracer-aided runoff modelling and dynamics of storage and water ages in a permafrost-influenced catchment
Authors: Piovano Thea I. , Tetzlaff Doerthe , Carey Sean K. , Shatilla Nadine J. , Smith Aaron , Soulsby Chris
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Permafrost strongly controls hydrological processes in cold regions. Our
understanding of how changes in seasonal and perennial frozen ground
disposition and linked storage dynamics affect runoff generation processes
remains limited. Storage dynamics and water redistribution are influenced by
the seasonal variability and spatial heterogeneity of frozen ground, snow
accumulation and melt. Stable isotopes are potentially useful for quantifying the
dynamics of water sources, flow paths and ages, yet few studies have employed
isotope data in permafrost-influenced catchments. Here, we applied the
conceptual model STARR (the Spatially distributed Tracer-Aided Rainfall–Runoff model), which facilitates fully distributed simulations of hydrological
storage dynamics and runoff processes, isotopic composition and water ages.
We adapted this model for a subarctic catchment in Yukon Territory, Canada,
with a time-variable implementation of field capacity to include the
influence of thaw dynamics. A multi-criteria calibration based on stream
flow, snow water equivalent and isotopes was applied to 3 years of data.
The integration of isotope data in the spatially distributed model provided
the basis for quantifying spatio-temporal dynamics of water storage and ages,
emphasizing the importance of thaw layer dynamics in mixing and damping the
melt signal. By using the model conceptualization of spatially and temporally
variable storage, this study demonstrates the ability of tracer-aided
modelling to capture thaw layer dynamics that cause mixing and damping of the
isotopic melt signal.
Spatial variability and sampling density of chemical attributes in archaeological black earths under pasture in southern Amazonas, Brazil
Authors: de Lima Alan F. L. , Campos Milton C. C. , da Cunha José M. , Silva Laércio S. , de Oliveira Flávio P. , Mantovanelli Bruno C. , de Brito Filho Elilson G. , Gomes Romário P.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Spatial mapping of soil chemical attributes is essential for sampling efficiency and agricultural planning management, ensuring a regional development and sustainability of the unique characteristics of archaeological black earths (ABEs). Thus, this study was developed aiming at assessing the spatial variability and sampling density of chemical attributes in soils of ABEs under pasture in southern Amazonas, Brazil. A sampling grid of 56 × 80 m with regular spacings of 8 m was installed in the experimental area and samples were taken from the crossing points at depths of 0.0–0.05, 0.05–0.10, and 0.10–0.20 m, totaling 264 georeferenced points. The chemical attributes pH in water, organic carbon, Ca, Mg, K, P, Al, and potential acidity were determined in these samples, while CEC, SB, V, t, T, and m were calculated. The attributes present a spatial dependence varying from strong to moderate, being Al3+ the only chemical attribute that does not present a spatial dependence structure in the assessed depths. Scaled semivariograms satisfactorily reproduce the spatial behavior of attributes in the same pattern of individual semivariograms, allowing their use to estimate the variability of soil attributes. Sampling density is higher at a depth of 0.0–0.05 m, requiring 2 and 1 point ha−1 at depths of 0.05–0.10 and 0.10–0.20 m, respectively, to represent the spatial pattern of chemical attributes.
La función parlamentaria de control a caballo de parlamentarismo y presidencialismo
Authors: García Roca Javier
Published: June 2019

Es posible comparar presidencialismo y parlamentarismo en los controles parlamentarios. Sin control parlamentario, no puede existir democracia representativa, tampoco en el presidencialismo. Las normas constitucionales y de los Reglamentos ya reflejan esa tendencia en Iberoamérica. Esta conclusión lleva a que el clásico debate sobre ambos sistemas de gobierno deba contemplarse de una manera distinta. Hay una pluralidad de tipos presidenciales y semipresidenciales de confusa diferenciación en la realidad. El presidencialismo originario estadounidense es antiguo y difícilmente exportable. El presidencialismo iberoamericano contemporáneo se ha ido parlamentarizando. Existe actualmente un continuum en el binomio presidencialismo/parlamentarismo con diferencias de grado más que cualitativas. Se advierten tres tendencias: la presidencialización del parlamentarismo europeo, la parlamentarización del presidencialismo iberoamericano, e influencias recíprocas entre los Reglamentos parlamentarios. Pluripartidismo extremado, representación proporcional, y un entendimiento absolutista de la separación de poderes presidencial, que impida los controles parlamentarios, son rasgos incompatibles. La solución más fácil está en abandonar ese entendimiento absolutista que no garantiza bien constitucional alguno. La duración fija del mandato presidencial y la idea de que el Presidente debe responder de forma diferida y directa ante el electorado hacen imposible mecanismos de control-responsabilidad política de su figura, pero puede bastar con reforzar los de control-fiscalización para construir checks and balances y representación política en el Parlamento.*
n. 15 - O PLANO DE AÇÕES ARTICULADAS E SUAS INFLUÊNCIAS NA GESTÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO MUNICIPAL: UM ESTADO DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Tres Cichelero Silvana Maria , Lunardi Elisiane Machado
Published: June 2019

Este estudo está vinculado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas e Gestão Educacional, desenvolvido pelo grupo de Pesquisas REDES/CNPQ, da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). É caracterizado como estado do conhecimento, e tem como objetivo inteirar-se dos estudos realizados referente ao Plano de Ações Articuladas e a Gestão da Educação Municipal a partir de sua implementação. Foi elencando como corpus textual, a BDTD (IBICT). Os descritores da pesquisa são: Plano de Ações Articuladas, Gestão da Educação Municipal, Gestão Democrática e Financiamento da Educação. Foram encontrados 25 trabalhos diferentes. Sendo que, duas dissertações e uma tese correspondiam ao tema investigado, por isso foram analisados aprofundadamente. O estudo está fundamentado em uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa, definido como exploratório, descritivo e explicativo. Para o tratamento dos dados foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo. O desenvolvimento deste estudo permitiu acessar conhecimentos já construídos sobre o tema de pesquisa, possibilitando concluir que o Plano de Ações Articuladas se configura em uma tentativa de efetivar o regime de colaboração entre os entes federados. Contudo, pela forma centralizadora como foi projetado, implantado e implementado, acabou por consolidar-se em um mecanismo híbrido de gestão. Pois quem planeja e determina os meios para sua efetivação é a esfera federal, sem considerar a especificidades das demais esferas, cabendo a elas, a execução e responsabilidade pelas ações.
n. 17 - POLÍTICAS DE INCENTIVO AO USO DE DADOS EDUCACIONAIS: EXPERIÊNCIAS NO CONTEXTO INTERNACIONAL E BRASILEIRO
Authors: Núñez Carolina Portela , Koslinski Mariane Campelo , Fernández Silvina Júlia
Published: June 2019

Iniciativas de incentivo ao uso pedagógico de dados educacionais (internacionalmente conhecidas como data use policies) por membros da comunidade escolar (professores e gestores escolares) têm sido adotadas por sistemas educacionais em diversos países como forma de melhorar o desempenho dos estudantes. Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar iniciativas de incentivo ao uso pedagógico de dados educacionais por professores e gestores escolares no contexto internacional, seus impactos esperados e já observados. Também discute o que vem sendo realizado no contexto brasileiro, tendo como referência de análise os tipos de desenho adotados em outros países. Entre as iniciativas de data use, que possuem desenhos diferentes, procuramos identificar os motivos pelos quais o tipo de desenho por intervenção direta nas escolas, com o auxílio de um especialista externo, parece mais promissor do que os demais em relação às mudanças em práticas pedagógicas.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Mathematics Research, Vol. 11, No. 3
Authors: Wang Sophia
Published: June 2019

Journal of Mathematics Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.

Many authors, regardless of whether Journal of Mathematics Research publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.

Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 3

 

Abdessadek Saib, University of Tebessa, Algeria

Arman Aghili, University of Guilan, Iran

Cinzia Bisi, Ferrara University, Italy

Gabriela Ciuperca, University Lyon 1, France

Gener Santiago Subia, NUeva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Philippines

Kong Liang, University of Illinois at Springfield, USA

Kuldeep Narain Mathur, University Utara Malaysia, Malaysia

Maria Alessandra Ragusa, University of Catania, Italy

Rami Ahmad El, Athens Institute for Education and Research, Greece

Rovshan Bandaliyev, National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan

Sanjib Kumar Datta, University of Kalyani, India

Shenghua Ni, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA

Sreedhara Rao Gunakala, The University of The West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago

Xiaofei Zhao, Texas A&M University, United States

Yaqin Feng, Ohio University, USA

Yifan Wang, University of Houston, USA

 

Sophia Wang

On behalf of,

The Editorial Board of Journal of Mathematics Research

Canadian Center of Science and Education
El uso de los itinerarios didácticos (SIG) en la educación ambiental
Authors: Alcántara Manzanares Jorge , Medina Quintana Silvia
Published: June 2019

Los sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) suponen una ventana al pasado, presente y futuro del territorio, facilitando el acceso a información relativa a aspectos naturales, sociales y culturales, de tal manera que se están haciendo indispensables a la hora de conocer, explorar y valorar el medio ambiente. Aquí se pretende mostrar la aplicabilidad de los SIG Google Earth en educación ambiental mediante la generación de itinerarios didácticos realizada por estudiantes del itinerario bilingüe del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Córdoba (España).
Identificación y caracterización de los subniveles de desarrollo del esquema de derivada
Authors: Fuentealba Claudio , Badillo Edelmira , Sánchez-Matamoros Gloria
Published: June 2019

Los resultados de investigaciones relacionadas con el aprendizaje del concepto de derivada constatan que su comprensión resulta muy compleja y que una cantidad significativa de estudiantes solo logra una construcción parcial del concepto. Desde este contexto, en esta investigación presentamos un análisis exploratorio/confirmatorio en el que identificamos y caracterizamos, por medio de métodos de análisis mixtos, los distintos subniveles de desarrollo del esquema de derivada que alcanzaron estudiantes universitarios con instrucción previa en cálculo diferencial. Los resultados muestran la utilidad del uso de estos métodos que, en este estudio, permitieron identificar los 9 subniveles de desarrollo y caracterizar 5 de ellos en función de las variables dominantes y sus elementos matemáticos asociados.
Aprender a interpretar la acidificación oceánica con recursos on-line y experimentación contextualizada
Authors: Lorenzo Rial María A. , Álvarez Lires María M. , Arias Correa Azucena , Pérez Rodríguez Uxío
Published: June 2019

En este artículo se presenta una experiencia de introducción al proceso de acidificación oceánica –disminución del pH del agua del mar– en aulas de Ciencias Experimentales del Grado en Educación Primaria, utilizando recursos on-line y experimentación contextualizada, para contribuir al desarrollo de competencias científicas y formular propuestas de mejora del currículo en el marco de la educación para la sustentabilidad. Se ha contribuido a la adquisición de conocimientos, a la interpretación del proceso estudiado y a la concienciación ambiental. Se han hecho propuestas de mejora del currículo y se han formulado preguntas que darán origen a nuevas investigaciones. Finalmente, se señalan limitaciones de la experiencia relativas a su novedad y a la escasez de recursos didácticos adecuados.
Emociones académicas y aprendizaje de biología, una asociación duradera
Authors: Gómez Ochoa de Alda Jesús Antonio , Marcos-Merino José María , Méndez Gómez Francisco Javier , Mellado Jiménez Vicente , Esteban María Rocío
Published: June 2019

Los alumnos experimentan una gran diversidad de emociones en el ámbito académico. Estas emociones y el aprendizaje se condicionan recíprocamente, lo que sugiere que el resultado del aprendizaje que perdura desde etapas educativas previas podría estar relacionado con las emociones experimentadas entonces. Para comprobarlo, en este trabajo se comparan los resultados de aprendizaje de Biología que perduran desde la Educación Secundaria con el recuerdo de algunas emociones experimentadas durante dicha etapa, en dos contextos educativos, en una muestra de 152 futuros maestros. Los resultados indican que existe una asociación significativa entre ese recuerdo y el aprendizaje de conceptos biológicos adquiridos en Secundaria.
INVESTMENT LEVELS IN AGRICULTURAL BUSINESSES SPECIALIZING IN DAIRY CATTLE PRODUCTION IN POLISH FADN REGIONS IN 2004-2016
Authors: Bórawski Piotr , Kochanowicz Zdzisław , Kalinowska Beata
Published: June 2019

Investment levels in agricultural businesses specializing in dairy cattle production in Polish FADN regions were compared based on data for 2004-2016. The analysis included gross and net investments (variables FADN SE516 and SE521) and investment subsidies (variable SE406). The research shows that agricultural holdings specializing in dairy cattle farming in the years 2004-2016 in the FADN Wielkopolska and Śląsk region and in the region of Pomerania and Masuria have reached the level of gross investment per one farm on average annually higher than the average annual level of gross investment in Poland. Farms specializing in dairy cattle farming in the FADN regions of Mazowsze and Podlasie, as well as Małopolska and Pogórze have achieved a lower level of gross investment per farm than on average per year in Poland. The average level of net investment per one agricultural holding specializing in dairy cattle farming in the regions of FADN Wielkopolska and Śląsk, Pomorze and Mazury as well as Mazowsze and Podlasie was of a positive value, whereas in the Małopolska and Pogórze region it was negative. Studies have shown that agricultural farms specializing in dairy cattle farming in the Wielkopolska and Śląsk regions developed the fastest among all farms in Poland, while the fastest growing farms specializing in dairy cattle farming are found in the Małopolska and Pogórze regions.
STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE MILK PRODUCTION SECTOR AND FOOD SECURITY – THE CASE OF POLAND
Authors: Zuba-Ciszewska Maria
Published: June 2019

The aim of the work was to find an answer to the question of how the changes in the milk production sector in Poland, following the marketization of the economy, influenced the country’s food security in the context of food self-sufficiency. The paper uses cow milk balances developed by the Central Statistical Office and data concerning the distribution of domestic milk production from the Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics National Research Institute. The study used a comparative analysis over time, indicators as well as descriptive and graphic methods. The indicators used concerned milk market output, food self-sufficiency and the milk balance structure. During the first few years of transformation, there was a sharp drop in domestic milk production. Since 2004, there has been, with minor exceptions, a systematic increase in production with a previous general fall in production volume. These processes were accompanied by changes resulting from the transformation of the economy in the milk production sector. These were associated with a drastic reduction, since 1990, of the number of farms involved in milk production and the decline in the number of dairy cows, albeit with a simultaneous increase in milk yield. The milk market output index increased. In 2015, resource in the milk balance returned to the level of 1991, i.e. over 14.5 bln liters. In 2017, this figure amounted to 15 bln liters. Domestic milk production is the main source of resource, though the volume of imports is significantly increasing. Despite dynamic growth of exports, milk is mainly used for domestic consumption. From 1990 onwards, Poland has significantly improved its self-sufficiency in milk production. Changes in milk production have significantly influenced food security in the country.
ACQUISITION AND CONSUMPTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY USED BY HEAT PUMPS IN 2010-2017 IN POLAND
Authors: Gromada Arkadiusz , Trębska Paulina
Published: June 2019

The article focuses on energy carriers previously performing a marginal role in the structure of obtaining energy from renewable sources, i.e. heat pumps. These energy carriers may, in the future, play an important role, because their importance in national states of affairs is increasing. The aim of the article is to assess the amount of energy obtained and consumed by heat pumps in 2010-2017, in Poland. The literature study method was used to implement the above-mentioned objective. The article uses secondary data from the Central Statistical Office. In the analyzed period, there was a systematic increase in the acquisition and consumption of energy obtained by heat pumps in Poland. The heat obtained using heat pumps in 2017 amounted to 2,688 TJ and was more than twice as high as in 2010. Heat pumps are a widely available technology and their use by households in Poland influences the implementation of energy policies of the country and the European Union, aimed at increasing the use of renewable energy sources. The case study method was used, where the heating costs of a single-family house, depending on the fuel used, were compared with constant assumptions.
THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF FOLIAR FERTILIZATION OF SUGAR BEET WITH MARINE CALCITE
Authors: Litwińczuk-Bis Magda , Siuda Alicja , Artyszak Arkadiusz
Published: June 2019

In 2010-2012, in Sahryń (Lubelskie Voivodeship), a field experiment was carried out, the aim of which was to assess the cost-effectiveness of foliar nutrition of sugar beet with marine calcite Herbagreen Basic containing silicon. The fertilizer was applied in two variants: 1) 1 kg/ha at the 4-6 leaf stage of sugar beet (BBCH 14-16) + 2 kg/ha 21 days later; 2) 2 kg/ha at the 4-6 leaf stage of sugar beet (BBCH 14-16) + 2 kg/ha 21 days later; the effects were compared with the control (without foliar nutrition with marine calcite). Additionally, in the years 2011-2012, an identical experiment was carried out with another sugar beet cultivar. For each combination, the gross production value, foliar nutrition costs, the net production value and profitability index were calculated. The total cost of application of foliar calcite was 190 and 240 PLN/ha. The gross production value of sugar beet in experiment 1, on average over three years of research, increased in combination 1 by 24.8% and in combination 2 by 25.6% compared to the control; in experiment 2, on average for 2 years of research, in combination 1 by 15.7%, and in combination 2 by 15.0%. The increase in the net production value in experiment 1 amounted to 22.8 and 23.2% respectively, and in experiment 2 - 13.9 and 12.8%. The indicator of the profitability of foliar nutrition with marine calcite in experiment 1, on average, for the period 2010-2012, amounted to 12.6 in combination 1 and 10.3 in combination 2. In experiment 2, the index of profitability of foliar nutrition, on average, for the period 2011-2012, reached the value of 8.96 for object 1 and 6.77 for object 2.
THE THEORY OF ECONOMICS AND ORGANIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL FARMS IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARD NO.12.
“AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES”
Authors: Kondraszuk Tomasz
Published: June 2019

The main purpose of the article is to present a critical assessment of the regulations in (National Accounting Standard) NAS No. 12 Pertaining to „Agricultural activity” against the background of the theory of economics and organization of agricultural enterprises (farms). The key issue concerns the compliance of concepts and categories regarding the measurement of the achievements of these agricultural enterprises (farms). The biological character of agricultural production casts doubt over the effectiveness of the traditional accounting model based on the historical cost principle and the principle of implementation, as it fails to properly reflect the effects of economic events related to agricultural activity (biological transformation). In particular, this applies to profit or loss arising at the time of initial recognition of the biological assets’ component at fair value (farm-gate price). A result which is established in such a way is, in other words, a profit or loss resulting not from sales but from production. This, however, is the right approach as far as agricultural activity is concerned, due to the fact that the categories of production are key measurements for the assessment of farm performance. Unfortunately, draft NAS No. 12 concerning „Agricultural Activity” fails to take this important fact into account which means that fair value is omitted during the valuation process. It introduces subjective methods of determining the costs of production of agricultural products, which violate the principle of „information economics” and its usefulness („the principle of the advantage of content over form”) and prevents the construction of a consistent system of concepts and categories in agriculture.
SYNTHETIC MEASURE OF RURAL AREA ATTRACTIVENESS FOR LIVING , WORKING AND BUSINESS ACTIVITIES – CONCEPT ANALYSIS AND STATISTICAL EVALUATION
Authors: Uglis Jarosław , Kozera-Kowalska Magdalena
Published: June 2019

The aim of writing the article was to present a concept of constructing a synthetic measure which defines the attractiveness of rural areas as a place to live, work and run business activities. The proposed measure was also empirically verified in the context of time and space. Material comprised data concerning 2,172 rural and urban-rural municipalities, in 2013, 2014 and 2017, following the territorial division of Poland into voivodeships. The data was obtained from the Local Data Bank at the Central Statistical Office (GUS). In the course of the study, for the purpose of constructing the measure, the author used 15 diagnostic variables, describing various functions of rural areas. The variables underwent normalization in order to make them comparable. The author originally chose five methods of normalization and one for further analysis, which caused the smallest dispersion of results. To select it, a variance analysis was conducted. The resulting synthetic measure of rural area attractiveness was verified empirically, in the context of time and space, which confirmed its diagnostic usability and indicated the temporally changeable diversity of Poland’s territory, as a system of voivodeships with regard to their attractiveness as places to live, work and run business activities.
EXAMPLES OF CREATING SHARED VALUE (CSV) IN AGRIBUSINESS IN POLAND
Authors: Wiśniewska-Paluszak Joanna , Paluszak Grzegorz
Published: June 2019

The research goal of this paper is to identify the possibility to transform the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) towards the concept of Creating Shared Value (CSV) in agribusiness. In the paper, both concepts are compared and the ways of their application are exemplified. A literature review and summative content analysis have been used to study CSR reports of four leading food companies in Poland. The study enabled the exemplification of good practices of shared value creation in the analysed agribusiness entities which publish information on their social impact. It concludes that the implementation of a new CSV approach is an important challenge for agribusiness companies. There are many areas where economic value can be augmented by new approach applications in agribusiness. Unfocused philanthropy, in the form of charitable donations and volunteering, should be replaced by the direct activity of companies aimed at solving social and environmental problems of agribusiness. Companies should make more effort towards shared value creation focused on reconceiving products and markets, redefining productivity in the value chain and building supportive agribusiness clusters. Some good practices presented in this study already are implemented. It contributes to identifying and gaining insight into the process of superseding CSR by the CSV approach in agribusiness, in Poland. This paper brings the discussion about social responsibility in agribusiness to a new level.
Hofmannsthals »Der Schwierige« und seine Interpreten
Authors: Woll Michael
Published: June 2019

Am Beispiel von Hofmannsthals Komödie »Der Schwierige« fragt die Studie nach dem Potential der Wissenschaftsgeschichte für die Interpretation.

Wie lässt sich ein vieldiskutiertes Werk wie Hugo von Hofmannsthals »Der Schwierige« (1921) vor dem Hintergrund seiner fast einhundertjährigen Forschungsgeschichte heute neu deuten? Das Buch beschreibt das Erkenntnispotential der Wissenschaftsgeschichte für die Interpretation - in dem Sinne, dass diese Geschichte nicht von den einzelnen Theorien und Methoden her, sondern ausgehend vom Werk selbst rekonstruiert wird: Hofmannsthals Stück wird vom Streitobjekt zum Streitsubjekt. Konstruktiv dient der »Streit« als Triebfeder der Erkenntnis. Die unterschiedlichen Positionen, die sich aus verschiedenen Wissenschaftstraditionen ebenso ergeben wie aus räumlichen und institutionellen Gegebenheiten, werden miteinander ins Gespräch gebracht und auf ihre historische Gebundenheit, vor allem aber auf ihre Leistungen hin geprüft.

Michael Wolls Studie bietet neben einer Neuinterpretation des »Schwierigen« und weiterer Werke Hofmannsthals einen Beitrag zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte der Germanistik im 20. Jahrhundert. Sie ist zudem eine Stellungnahme zur Methodendiskussion, in der sich das Potential einer auf einen Autor bezogenen Forschung als Diskurs- und Dialograum innerhalb des Fachs widerspiegelt.
Projeto de bancadas didáticas para laboratório de instalações elétricas
Authors: Teixeira Angélico Loreto , Scherer Lucas Giuliani , Gorretti Ana Alice Timm
Published: June 2019

O alto custo na montagem de laboratórios para o ensino superior é um desafio quando existe contingenciamento de recursos. Uma alternativa para contornar o alto custo no desenvolvimento das estruturas básicas dos laboratórios de ensino, consiste no projeto e implementação das bancadas do laboratório, construídas com o auxílio de professores, técnicos e alunos da universidade. Nesse trabalho será abordado o projeto de bancadas didáticas para o laboratório de instalações elétricas, capazes de atender as mais variadas ementas, tanto de cursos como Engenharia Elétrica, Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo, entre outros. Analisando pelo ponto de vista financeiro, percebe-se uma economia superior a 90%, em comparação à bancadas didáticas comerciais existentes no mercado. Além disso, se for levado em conta o aspecto de ensino aprendizagem dos alunos, os benefícios são maiores, visto que a própria concepção, projeto e construção das bancadas representam uma importante forma de aprendizado prático. Além do mais, a bancada visa aumentar o grau de complexidade das tarefas se comparada aos equipamentos existentes no mercado, visto que engloba mais conceitos. Para aquisição dos materiais, sugere-se o uso de recursos institucionais próprios ou parceria com empresas públicas e privadas.
O papel da horta nas escolas de educação infantil
Authors: Dolianitis Bianca Motta , Moraes Rosana Santos de , Anschau Jaqueline Rambo , Leal Marisa Meneses , Pagliarini Gabriel Cogo , Souza Junior Geraldo de Freitas de , Frescura Kelen Dal-Souto , Frescura Viviane Dal-Souto
Published: June 2019

Durante a Educação Infantil é muito importante proporcionar experiências de aproximação das crianças com as problemáticas do cotidiano. Assim, o projeto intitulado “Horta Viva na Escola”, da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - Campus Cachoeira do Sul, objetivou implantar hortas em Escolas de Educação Infantil, a fim de contribuir com aprendizagens práticas e significativas para a formação integral das crianças. Foram implantadas hortas em duas Escolas de Educação Infantil, uma na Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil Sol Criança localizada na cidade de Santiago e a outra no Colégio Totem em Cachoeira do Sul. As hortas foram implantadas em espaço ocioso no pátio das escolas, onde os alunos foram os responsáveis pelo plantio e manejo da horta, juntamente com a professora responsável pela turma. Com a realização do projeto foram desenvolvidas atividades como o plantio de mudas e semeadura de hortaliças, em que as crianças puderam acompanhar e observar as fases do desenvolvimento das plantas, realizando cuidados diários necessários para seu cultivo e futura colheita. Nesse sentido, a horta inserida no ambiente escolar tem papel muito importante por tornar-se um laboratório vivo, que possibilita o desenvolvimento de diversas atividades pedagógicas práticas e necessárias dentro do contexto escolar.
Caminhos possíveis: inovações sobre o estudo de projetos de arquitetura em um trabalho acadêmico
Authors: Speth Gianne , Brito Samuel Silva de
Published: June 2019

Este artigo trata sobre um trabalho coletivo realizado pelos alunos da disciplina “Teoria e História da Arquitetura e Urbanismo V” do Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da UFSM Campus Cachoeira do Sul. A partir da análise de seis edifícios escolares, compilou-se a síntese destes estudos de caso de forma inovadora em um livreto-fanzine que, além de procurar dialogar com toda a comunidade acadêmica promovendo discussões entre alunos, professores e técnicos administrativos, buscou a formação de estudantes reflexivos e autônomos com a capacidade de desenvolver processos cognitivos superiores que vão da análise à criação.
Análise do conforto térmico em modelos reduzidos de galpões agrícola
Authors: Souza Irajá Jantsch de , Oliveira Zanandra Boff de , Saretta Ezequiel , Rodrigues Larrissa Ribeiro , Silva Clarissa Moraes da , Link Tiago Tondolo
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o conforto térmico por meio do Índice de Temperatura e Umidade (ITU) no interior de modelo de galpões avícolas em escala reduzida, utilizando diferentes estratégias de cobertura. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria campus Cachoeira do Sul. As coberturas utilizadas foram: fibrocimento (testemunha), fibrocimento + pintura em branco + manta térmica, fibrocimento + pintura em branco. A leitura da temperatura e da umidade relativa do ar foram realizadas no interior de cada modelo e na área externa, com sensores DTH 22 controlados por Arduíno, divido em quatro período do verão 2017/2018. Em comparação ao ambiente externo, as diferentes coberturas promoveram redução média do ITU de 84 para 76. Observou-se diferenças estatísticas significativas entre as diferentes coberturas, em que o ITU médio do período de 77,31 observado na testemunha foi reduzido para 74,90 nas coberturas com pintura em branco. Baseado nas condições em que o estudo foi conduzido recomenda-se a cobertura de fibrocimento + pintura em branco para a melhoria do conforto térmico no interior dos galpões avícolas.
Conexões entre grafos e matrizes na modelagem de problemas matemáticos
Authors: Furlan Larissa Melchiors , Roehrs Mylena , Quadros Glauber Rodrigues de
Published: June 2019

A teoria dos grafos é muito importante no mundo matemático como uma excelente forma de conexão com o mundo real. Utilizando-se a teoria de grafos dirigidos é possível transformar muitos dos problemas cotidianos em problemas matemáticos, de forma a fazer um estudo exato em cada caso. Neste trabalho são exploradas as matrizes relacionadas aos diversos tipos de grafos, como a matriz de vértices, a qual é associada a um grafo dirigido, e a matriz de adjacência. Mais do que isso, são construídas matrizes de conexões de vários passos, de forma a criar múltiplas conexões entre os vértices de um grafo dirigido. Em seguida, colocaremos diversas aplicações destes resultados na forma de exemplos.
Proposta de simulador paramétrico de diretrizes legais para crescimento urbano
Authors: Silva Luana M. , Dallagnol Pablo Ceolin , Pires Júlio Cesar Pinheiro
Published: June 2019

Segundo o Estatuto da Cidade (Lei Federal nº 10.257/01), municípios com mais de 20.000 habitantes devem ter seu crescimento regulado pelo Plano Diretor, que estabelece ordenação física, funcionamento, planejamento territorial da cidade e direciona prioridades de investimentos. A imagem da cidade é fruto das regulações do plano, revelando a importância das ferramentas de planejamento. No entanto, estas ferramentas se apresentam em forma de lei, textos, decretos, e outras maneiras escritas, as quais, por vezes, tornam-se de difícil comunicação, expressão e entendimento. O atual momento da tecnologia computacional permite elaboração de um conjunto de sistemas que auxiliam atividades de planejamento e entendimento dos fenômenos de crescimento físico das cidades. Neste estudo, pretende-se organizar dados referentes às legislações de planejamento urbano e mostrá-los através de simuladores virtuais. Possibilita-se aos usuários verificar e entender a aplicação dos planos reguladores, como funcionam as restrições e permissões inerentes às edificações e visualizar a aplicação dessas regras em um terreno e/ou recorte urbano de forma paramétrica. Os produtos elaborados a partir desta pesquisa poderão ser utilizados por prefeituras e planejadores, profissionais de AEC e pela população em geral, bem como enquanto ferramenta de ensino/aprendizagem em cursos de arquitetura e urbanismo, engenharia civil entre outros desta área.
Desenvolvimento de um sistema de monitoramento em tempo real baseado em Arduino e Raspberry
Authors: Nogueira Lucas Alvarez , Ramos Caison Rodrigues , Bahia Leonardo Carillo , Tischer Celso Becker
Published: June 2019

Atualmente, investidores de diversos setores industriais buscam melhorias de processos que visam rentabilidade e maior competitividade no mercado, porém, características como custo, agilidade de informação e produção são pontos determinantes para tal. Plataformas de controle de entrada e saída open source que integram microcontroladores vem ganhando espaço em diversos setores, no qual, programados apresentam capacidade de controlar processos e gerenciar dados. Desta forma, este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema de monitoramento em tempo real de grandezas físicas baseado em Arduino e Raspberry. O sistema completo será composto por dois módulos, “Escravo” e “Mestre” no qual a transferência de dados das medidas de temperatura, umidade, luminosidade, pressão e entre outras será realizada. O escravo, formado por sensores de baixo custo conectados à um Arduino MEGA 2560, será alocado em local remoto para aquisição das grandezas físicas desejadas. Já o Mestre, receberá as informações através de uma shield ethernet, conectada em ambos os módulos, e fará o gerenciamento de banco de dados. As informações armazenadas no servidor web poderão ser acessadas via navegador de internet, seja em sistema desktops ou móveis por meio de uma plataforma amigável em tempo real.
Praça Viva
Authors: Dallagnol Pablo Ceolin , Costa Andreza da , Gonçalves Carlos Alexandre de Souza , Silva Luana Mendes da , Morais Michelle Campos
Published: June 2019

As ações em prol das cidades devem partir da valorização e da conscientização da sua importância por parte da população, sendo que a falta de maior participação popular contribui para a existência de ambientes urbanos que não se mostram devidamente apropriados e explorados na ampla possibilidade de suas potencialidades arquitetônicas, urbanísticas e paisagísticas. O projeto Praça Viva consiste em um evento de ocupação temporária, de vivência coletiva e de revitalização das relações junto a Praça Santo Antônio, em Cachoeira do Sul/RS, para que deixe de ser apenas lugar de passagem e passe a integrar o dia-a-dia da comunidade. Realizar um evento com ações e intervenções urbanas em uma praça pública com a participação da comunidade vêm ao encontro da questão do direito à cidade, contribuindo para o compromisso com a realidade sociocultural brasileira, ao ampliar a participação dos cidadãos na transformação da realidade e do espaço em que vivemos.
Machine learning approach for automated defense against network intrusions
Authors: Hamdani Farhaan Noor , Siddiqui Farheen
Published: June 2019

With the advent of the internet, there is a major concern regarding the growing number of attacks, where the attacker can target any computing or network resource remotely Also, the exponential shift towards the use of smart-end technology devices, results in various security related concerns, which include detection of anomalous data traffic on the internet. Unravelling legitimate traffic from malignant traffic is a complex task itself. Many attacks affect system resources thereby degenerating their computing performance. In this paper we propose a framework of supervised model implemented using machine learning algorithms which can enhance or aid the existing intrusion detection systems, for detection of variety of attacks. Here KDD (knowledge data and discovery) dataset is used as a benchmark. In accordance with detective abilities, we also analyze their performance, accuracy, alerts-logs and compute their overall detection rate.

These machine learning algorithms are validated and tested in terms of accuracy, precision, true-false positives and negatives. Experimental results show that these methods are effective, generating low false positives and can be operative in building a defense line against network intrusions. Further, we compare these algorithms in terms of various functional parameters
Age-dependent deterioration of nuclear pore assembly in mitotic cells decreases transport dynamics
Authors: Rempel Irina L , Crane Matthew M , Thaller David J , Mishra Ankur , Jansen Daniel PM , Janssens Georges , Popken Petra , Akşit Arman , Kaeberlein Matt , van der Giessen Erik , Steen Anton , Onck Patrick R , Lusk C Patrick , Veenhoff Liesbeth M
Published: June 2019

Nuclear transport is facilitated by the Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) and is essential for life in eukaryotes. The NPC is a long-lived and exceptionally large structure. We asked whether NPC quality control is compromised in aging mitotic cells. Our images of single yeast cells during aging, show that the abundance of several NPC components and NPC assembly factors decreases. Additionally, the single-cell life histories reveal that cells that better maintain those components are longer lived. The presence of herniations at the nuclear envelope of aged cells suggests that misassembled NPCs are accumulated in aged cells. Aged cells show decreased dynamics of transcription factor shuttling and increased nuclear compartmentalization. These functional changes are likely caused by the presence of misassembled NPCs, as we find that two NPC assembly mutants show similar transport phenotypes as aged cells. We conclude that NPC interphase assembly is a major challenge for aging mitotic cells.
Dietary supplementation with probiotics regulates gut microbiota structure and function in Nile tilapia exposed to aluminum
Authors: Yu Leilei , Qiao Nanzhen , Li Tianqi , Yu Ruipeng , Zhai Qixiao , Tian Fengwei , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Chen Wei
Published: June 2019

Backgrounds and aims

Aluminum contamination of water is becoming increasingly serious and threatens the health status of fish. Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM639 was previously shown to be a potential probiotic for alleviation aluminum toxicity in Nile tilapia. Considering the significant role of the gut microbiota on fish health, it seems appropriate to explore the relationships among aluminum exposure, probiotic supplementation, and the gut microbiota in Nile tilapia and to determine whether regulation of the gut microbiota is related to alleviation of aluminum toxicity by a probiotic in Nile tilapia.

Methods and results

The tilapia were assigned into four groups, control, CCFM639 only, aluminum only, and aluminum + CCFM639 groups for an experimental period of 4 weeks. The tilapia in the aluminum only group were grown in water with an aluminum ion concentration of 2.73 mg/L. The final concentration of CCFM639 in the diet was 108 CFU/g. The results show that environmental aluminum exposure reduced the numbers of L. plantarum in tilapia feces and altered the gut microbiota. As the predominant bacterial phyla in the gut, the abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in aluminum-exposed fish were significantly elevated and lowered, respectively. At the genus level, fish exposed to aluminum had a significantly lower abundance of Deefgea, Plesiomonas, and Pseudomonas and a greater abundance of Flavobacterium, Enterovibrio, Porphyromonadaceae uncultured, and Comamonadaceae. When tilapia were exposed to aluminum, the administration of a probiotic promoted aluminum excretion through the feces and led to a decrease in the abundance of Comamonadaceae, Enterovibrio and Porphyromonadaceae. Notably, supplementation with a probiotic only greatly decreased the abundance of Aeromonas and Pseudomonas.

Conclusion

Aluminum exposure altered the diversity of the gut microbiota in Nile tilapia, and probiotic supplementation allowed the recovery of some of the diversity. Therefore, regulation of gut microbiota with a probiotic is a possible mechanism for the alleviation of aluminum toxicity in Nile tilapia.