bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surrey in A Room with a View: A Candidate for Scholarly Mediation
Authors: Finch Jason
Published: May 2019

Like anyone else, E.M. Forster had his own sociocultural formation. More unusually, he wrote fiction which, both during his own lifetime and more recently, has interested readers from backgrounds widely different from his, and which has been found significant for its handling of universal themes. Not only that, but he is taken seriously even by critics who regard the notion of universal themes as mere ideological obfuscation. What makes his ability to engage such a broad range of commentators truly remarkable is that, even when, as in A Passage to India, his fictional setting is at its most exotic and his aspirations at their most universalist, so much of his central inspiration and material clearly derives from his own particular “world”—from the precise historical experience, concerns, values, places, and types of people to which he has become accustomed in his own life.
Apologies and Apologetic Attitude in Early Modern English
Authors: Jacobsson Mattias
Published: May 2019

One of the speech acts in human language which has attracted the attention of scholars dealing with social and cultural patterns in language is apologies. In this paper I will discuss apologizing in the Early Modern English period.
Introduction: Female Masculinity or Textual Masculinity
Authors: Winnberg Jakob , Fåhraeus Anna , Jonsson AnnKatrin
Published: May 2019

No abstract available.
Embattled Subjects: the Role of Textual Masculinity in Jeanette Winterson’s Written on the Body
Authors: Fåhraeus Anna
Published: May 2019

No abstract available.
Gunilla Florby. 2004. Echoing Texts: George Chapman’s Conspiracy and Tragedy of Charles Duke of Byron. Lund: Lund Studies in English 109. pp. 181. ISBN 91-974023-8-9.
Authors: Cook Patrick J.
Published: May 2019

No abstract available.
La violencia y acoso escolar en una escuela de Guadalajara, México
Authors: Valle-Barbosa María Ana , Muñoz de la Torre Armando , Robles-Bañuelos Raúl , Vega López María Guadalupe , Flores-Villavicencio María Elena , González-Pérez Guillermo Julián
Published: May 2019

La relación violenta entre alumnos y maestros, está vinculada con la falta de madurez de la adolescencia y las relaciones interpersonales, convirtiéndose en problema complejo ante los factores que influyen. Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia de violencia entre alumnos y profesores y tipos de ésta con mayor frecuencia desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes, y la asociación de factores como sexo, edad, grado académico y lugar de origen del escolar.La muestra 47 hombres y 55 mujeres, total 102 escolares. Se encontró una prevalencia general de violencia de los alumnos hacia los profesores del 41.9%, de maestros a los alumnos del 39.8%. Violencia más frecuente fue los tipos de violencia dirigida al docente que se presentaron con más frecuencia fueron: la disrupción en el aula (48.46 %), seguida por la violencia verbal (32.85 %).De la asociación de factores, de las respuestas afirmativas dirigida al maestro, los alumnos de 3er grado ocuparon el mayor porcentaje (41.72 %), las mujeres (57.21%), por edad, los alumnos de 13 años (33.63 %). Respecto al lugar de origen, quienes viven en el municipio de Guadalajara fueron más constantes (65.3 %).Las mujeres identificaron más los actos violentos en el aula. La disrupción es más recurrente seguida por la violencia verbal.
Triptolide Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Metastasis Through Inducing the Expression of miR-146a, a Negative Regulator of Rho GTPase
Authors: Liu Qin , Wang Wei , Li Fangqiong , Yu Dongyang , Xu Chunfen , Hu Hongbing
Published: May 2019

Triptolide, an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii, has been shown to have a potent anticancer activity. In the present study, it was found that triptolide could effectively induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation and invasion in malignant MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The
study focused on its effect on inhibiting invasion, which has not been extensively reported to date. We predicted that triptolide may change invasion activity via microRNAs (miRNAs), which have been recognized as important regulators of gene expression. miRNAome variation in MDA-MB-231 cells
with or without triptolide treatment demonstrated that miR-146a was upregulated following treatment with triptolide. Our previous studies have shown that miR-146a can inhibit migration and invasion by targeting RhoA in breast cancer. This time, we found that miR-146a can target Rac1, another
key member of the Rho GTPase family. Luciferase reporter containing Rac1 3′-UTR was constructed to prove this hypothesis. In addition, following treatment with triptolide, the expression of RhoA and Rac1 was found to be decreased. These results indicated that triptolide exerts its anti-invasion
activity through a miRNA-mediated mechanism, which indirectly regulates the expression of Rho GTPase. Triptolide combined with miR-146a could improve the effect of triptolide treatment on breast cancer.
miR-186 Suppresses the Progression of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells Through Inhibition of Twist1
Authors: Zhang Ming , Shi Baochang , Zhang Kai
Published: May 2019

Deregulation of miR-186 and Twist1 has been identified to be involved in the progression of multiple cancers. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying miR-186-involved cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are still unknown. In this study, we found that miR-186 was downregulated in
CCA tissues and cell lines, and negatively correlated with the expression of Twist1 protein. In vitro assays demonstrated that miR-186 mimics repressed cell proliferation, in vivo tumor formation, and caused cell cycle arrest. miR-186 mimics also inhibited the migration and invasion of CCLP1
and SG-231 cells. Mechanistically, the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of Twist1 mRNA is a direct target of miR-186. Further, miR-186 inhibited the expressions of Twist1, N-cadherin, vimentin, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) proteins, whereas it increased the expression of
E-cadherin in CCLP1 and SG-231 cells. Silencing of Twist1 expression enhanced the inhibitory effects of miR-186 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CCLP1 and SG-231 cells. In conclusion, miR-186 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal
transition (EMT) through targeting Twist1 in human CCA. Thus, miR-186/Twist1 axis may benefit the development of therapies for CCA.
What Values Do Tourists Place on a Marine Protected Area? White Shark Cage-Dive Tourists and the Neptune Islands
Authors: Apps Kirin , Dimmock Kay , Lloyd David J. , Huveneers Charlie
Published: May 2019

Management of protected areas is as much about understanding how society values these resources as it is about understanding ecological processes. Yet, in comparison to standard ecosystem monitoring and economic evaluation, social values are frequently overlooked because of the challenge
to measure and define them. As marine protected areas are currently the fastest growing protected area type, this article argues the need to incorporate social value assessment in planning and policy decisions to improve ecological and social outcomes. This study surveyed 675 white shark (Carcharodon
carcharias) cage-dive participants to investigate how tourists' value the Neptune Islands group (Ron and Valerie Taylor) Marine Park. Applying a value typology previously used in forests, respondents were able to identify with 13 distinct values. Results demonstrate that tourists hold
biocentric, indirect use, and nonconsumptive values of the marine park as most important. The relevance of these results as an indicator of tourists' preference for management decisions is discussed.
The Destruction of Buddhas: Dissonant Heritage, Religious or Political Iconoclasm?
Authors: Atai Jalal
Published: May 2019

This article attempts to explore the main impulses that might have led to the destruction of Buddha statues by Taliban in the Bamiyan Valley of Afghanistan. Drawing on existing literature, and anecdotal evidence, this article suggests that the main impulses that have led to destruction
are rather linked to the overall political context of that time (i.e., political iconoclasm) rather than to pure Islamic iconoclasm or an explicit condition of disharmony in heritage (i.e., dissonant heritage). First, the Taliban did not consider the statues as "their" cultural heritage. The
act of destruction, therefore, cannot be subscribed to the Afghan cultural dynamics but rather to the political–religious ideology imported by Taliban from outside of the country. Secondly, it seemed that Mullah Omar was viewing the statues as a revenue source at the beginning and as
a political bargain chip at the end. In both circumstances, religion seems not to have played the main role. Lastly, the destruction seems a political iconoclasm—that is, a political exploitation, if not a direct political act. The Taliban and especially their external allies were very
well aware of the consequences of the act of destruction. It seems implausible to suggest that there were no religion and/or culture in play when ordering the destruction of the statues. The latter is the least what this article aims for. However, to conclude that the destruction was solely
triggered by theological and cultural factors might also be improbable. The author does not, in any way, attempt to rationalize the act of destruction, let alone justify the barbaric act.
Lichens or endophytes? The enigmatic genus Leptosillia in the Leptosilliaceae fam. nov. (Xylariales), and Furfurella gen. nov. (Delonicicolaceae)
Authors: Voglmayr H. , Aguirre-Hudson M.B. , Wagner H.G. , Tello S. , Jaklitsch W.M.
Published: May 2019

Based on DNA sequence data, the genus Leptosillia is shown to belong to the Xylariales. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS-LSU rDNA sequence data and of a combined matrix of SSU-ITS-LSU rDNA, rpb1, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 reveal that the genera
Cresporhaphis and Liberomyces are congeneric with Leptosillia. Coelosphaeria fusariospora, Leptorhaphis acerina, Leptorhaphis quercus f. macrospora, Leptorhaphis pinicola, Leptorhaphis wienkampii, Liberomyces pistaciae,
Sphaeria muelleri and Zignoëlla slaptonensis are combined in Leptosillia, and all of these taxa except for C. fusariospora, L. pinicola and L. pistaciae are epitypified. Coelosphaeria fusariospora and Cresporhaphis rhoina are lectotypified.
Liberomyces macrosporus and L. saliciphilus, which were isolated as phloem and sapwood endophytes, are shown to be synonyms of Leptosillia macrospora and L. wienkampii, respectively. All species formerly placed in Cresporhaphis that are now transferred to
Leptosillia are revealed to be non-lichenized. Based on morphology and ecology, Cresporhaphis chibaensis is synonymised with Rhaphidicyrtis trichosporella, and C. rhoina is considered to be unrelated to the genus Leptosillia, but its generic affinities cannot
be resolved in lack of DNA sequence data. Phylogenetic analyses place Leptosillia as sister taxon to Delonicicolaceae, and based on morphological and ecological differences, the new family Leptosilliaceae is established. Furfurella, a new genus with the three new
species, F. luteostiolata, F. nigrescens and F. stromatica, growing on dead branches of mediterranean fabaceous shrubs from tribe Genisteae, is revealed to be the closest relative of Delonicicola in the family Delonicicolaceae, which is emended. ITS
rDNA sequence data retrieved from GenBank demonstrate that the Leptosilliaceae were frequently isolated or sequenced as endophytes from temperate to tropical regions, and show that the genus Leptosillia represents a widely distributed component of endophyte communities of woody
plants.
On-sky Performance of the CLASS Q-band Telescope
Authors: Appel John W. , Xu 徐 Zhilei 智磊 , Padilla Ivan L. , Harrington Kathleen , Marquez Bastián Pradenas , Ali Aamir , Bennett Charles L. , Brewer Michael K. , Bustos Ricardo , Chan Manwei , Chuss David T. , Cleary Joseph , Couto Jullianna , Dahal Sumit , Denis Kevin , Dünner Rolando , Eimer Joseph R. , Essinger-Hileman Thomas , Fluxa Pedro , Gothe Dominik , Hilton Gene C. , Hubmayr Johannes , Iuliano Jeffrey , Karakla John , Marriage Tobias A. , Miller Nathan J. , Núñez Carolina , Parker Lucas , Petroff Matthew , Reintsema Carl D. , Rostem Karwan , Stevens Robert W. , Nunes Valle Deniz Augusto , Wang 王 Bingjie 冰洁 , Watts Duncan J. , Wollack Edward J. , Zeng Lingzhen
Published: May 2019

The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) is mapping the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at large angular scales (2 < ℓ ≲ 200) in search of a primordial gravitational wave B-mode signal down to a tensor-to-scalar ratio of r ≈ 0.01. The same data set will provide a near sample-variance-limited measurement of the optical depth to reionization. Between 2016 June and 2018 March, CLASS completed the largest ground-based Q-band CMB survey to date, covering over 31,000 square-degrees (75% of the sky), with an instantaneous array noise-equivalent temperature sensitivity of

. We demonstrate that the detector optical loading (1.6 pW) and noise-equivalent power (19

) match the expected noise model dominated by photon bunching noise. We derive a 13.1 ± 0.3 K pW−1 calibration to antenna temperature based on Moon observations, which translates to an optical efficiency of 0.48 ± 0.02 and a 27 K system noise temperature. Finally, we report a Tau A flux density of 308 ± 11 Jy at 38.4 ± 0.2 GHz, consistent with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe Tau A time-dependent spectral flux density model.
Revisiting the Instability Problem of the Interacting Dark Energy Model in the Parameterized Post-Friedmann Framework
Authors: Dai Ji-Ping , Xia Jun-Qing
Published: May 2019

Dark energy might interact with dark matter in a direct, non-gravitational way, which can help remedy several theoretical defects. In order to find out the properties of interacting dark energy (IDE) models, it is necessary to investigate the cosmological perturbations in detail. However, due to the improper use of pressure perturbation of dark energy, a large-scale instability at the early stage occurs occasionally. In recent years, parameterized post-Friedmann approach has been used to calculate the perturbation equations in the IDE scenario. Under this framework, the dark energy pressure perturbation was replaced by the relationship between the momentum density of dark energy and other components on a large scale. However, this paper shows that if the interaction terms are related to the velocity perturbation of dark energy, the density perturbation of dark matter, and the matter power spectrum will diverge when the equation of state parameter of dark energy w is close to −1. A simple parameterization steering clear of this problem is proposed in this paper, which is a more general form and can be applied to explore the interaction between dark matter and dark energy by using various cosmological data.
Lyα Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization (LAGER): Spectroscopic Confirmation of Two Redshift ∼7.0 Galaxies
Authors: Yang Huan , Infante Leopoldo , Rhoads James E. , Hu Weida , Zheng Zhenya , Malhotra Sangeeta , Wang Junxian , Barrientos L. Felipe , Kang Wenyong , Jiang Chunyan
Published: May 2019

We spectroscopically confirmed two narrowband-selected redshift 7.0 Lyα galaxies and studied their rest-frame UV spectra. The Lyα and other UV nebular lines are very useful to confirm the galactic redshifts and diagnose the different mechanisms driving the ionizing emission. We observed two narrowband-selected z = 7.0 Lyα candidates in the LAGER Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS) field with IMACS at the Magellan telescope and confirmed they are Lyα emitters at z = 6.924 and 6.931. In one galaxy, we also obtained deep near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, which yields non-detections of the high-ionization UV nebular lines. We measured the upper limits of the ratios of C iv
λ1548/Lyα, He ii
λ1640/Lyα, O iii]λ1660/Lyα, and C iii]λ1909/Lyα from the NIR spectra. These upper limits imply that the ionizing emission in this galaxy is dominated by normal star formation instead of an active galactic nucleus.
AGN Disks Harden the Mass Distribution of Stellar-mass Binary Black Hole Mergers
Authors: Yang Y. , Bartos I. , Haiman Z. , Kocsis B. , Márka Z. , Stone N. C. , Márka S.
Published: May 2019

The growing number of stellar-mass binary black hole mergers discovered by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo are starting to constrain the binaries’ origin and environment. However, we still lack sufficiently accurate modeling of binary formation channels to obtain strong constraints, or to identify subpopulations. One promising formation mechanism that could result in different black hole properties is binaries merging within the accretion disks of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Here we show that the black holes’ orbital alignment with the AGN disks preferentially selects heavier black holes. We carry out Monte Carlo simulations of orbital alignment with AGN disks, and find that AGNs harden the initial black hole mass function. Assuming an initial power-law mass distribution

, we find that the power-law index changes by Δβ ∼ 1.3, resulting in a more top-heavy population of merging black holes. This change is independent of the mass of, and accretion rate onto, the supermassive black hole in the center of the AGN. Our simulations predict an AGN-assisted merger rate of ∼4 Gpc−3 yr−1. With its hardened mass spectra, the AGN channel could be responsible for 10%–50% of gravitational-wave detections.
Using Multiwavelength Variability to Explore the Connection among X-Ray Emission, the Far-ultraviolet H2 Bump, and Accretion in T Tauri Stars
Authors: Espaillat C. C. , Robinson C. , Grant S. , Reynolds M.
Published: May 2019

The high-energy radiation fields of T Tauri stars (TTS) should affect the surrounding circumstellar disk, having implications for disk transport and heating. Yet observational evidence of the effect of high-energy fields on disks is scarce. Here we investigate the connection between X-ray emission and the innermost gas disk by leveraging the variability of TTS. We obtained multiple epochs of coordinated data (taken either simultaneously or within a few hours) of accreting TTS with the Hubble Space Telescope, the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, and the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We measured the far-ultraviolet (FUV) H2 bump feature at 1600 Å, which traces gas <1 au from the star; the near-ultraviolet emission, from which we extract the accretion luminosity; and also the X-ray luminosity. We do not find a correlation between the FUV H2 bump and X-ray luminosity. Therefore, an observable tracer of the effect of X-ray ionization in the innermost disk remains elusive. We report a correlation between the FUV H2 bump and accretion luminosity, linking this feature to the disk surface density. We also see a correlation between the X-ray luminosity and the accretion column density, implying that flaring activity may influence accretion. These results stress the importance of coordinated multiwavelength work to understand TTS.
Light and propagule pressure affect invasion intensity of Prunus serotina in a 14-tree species forest common garden experiment
Authors: Jagodziński Andrzej M. , Dyderski Marcin K. , Horodecki Paweł , Knight Kathleen S. , Rawlik Katarzyna , Szmyt Janusz
Published: May 2019

Experiments testing multiple factors that affect the rate of invasions in forests are scarce. We aimed to assess how the biomass of invasive Prunusserotina changed over eight years and how this change was affected by light availability, tree stand growth, and propagule pressure. The study was conducted in Siemianice Experimental Forest (W Poland), a common garden forest experiment with 14 tree species. We investigated aboveground biomass and density of P.serotina within 53 experimental plots with initial measurements in 2005 and repeated in 2013. We also measured light availability and distance from seed sources. We used generalized additive models to assess the impact of particular predictors on P.serotina biomass in 2013 and its relative change over eight years. The relative biomass increments of P.serotina ranged from 0 to 22,000-fold. The success of P.serotina, expressed as aboveground biomass and biomass increment, varied among different tree species stands, but was greater under conifers. Total biomass of P.serotina depended on light and propagule availability while biomass increment depended on the change in tree stand biomass, a metric corresponding to tree stand maturation. Our study quantified the range of invasion intensity, expressed as biomass increment, in a forest common garden experiment with 14 tree species. Canopy cover was the most important variable to reduce susceptibility to invasion by P.serotina. Even a modest decrease of overstory biomass, e.g. caused by dieback of coniferous species, may be risky in areas with high propagule pressure from invasive tree species. Thus, P.serotina control may include maintaining high canopy closure and supporting natural regeneration of tree species with high leaf area index, which shade the understory.
THE GREEN STATUS OF FIRE STATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES: AN ANALYSIS OF LEED-NC V3
Authors: Rokde Pradnyesh , Valdes-Vasquez Rodolfo , Mosier Rachel
Published: May 2019

Fire protection is an essential public service but also one of the costliest ones. Considerable resources are devoted to fire protection including equipment, staff, training, and the facilities to house them. Fire stations, in particular, have a significant cost impact on state and municipal budgets. Fire stations are required in most local governments and like other municipal buildings are central to identity. To limit the cost of operating a fire station, municipalities have looked to more green building options. Green-rating systems such as the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) system have been used in the U.S. to assess green buildings. Thus, this paper aims to analyze 95 certified fire stations under the LEED-NC 2009 version (v3) that are located in the United States. A scorecard analysis (credits and points) of public data available serve as the foundation to describe the status of the green design and construction of these fire stations. The findings indicate that the points in the Material Resources (MR) category are achieved at the lowest rate compared to the other categories, on average 38% of 14 available points were earned. In addition, the points in the Energy and Atmosphere (EA) category are one of the lowest achievement rates, equal to 40.2%. The data also shows that 82% of LEED-certified fire stations belong to career or mostly career type, which are municipality fire departments funded by local governments. The significance of this study is to demonstrate the importance of both MR and EA categories for the design and construction phases of green fire stations.
THE GREEN STANDARD FOR ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN (G-SEED) FOR MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING RATING SYSTEM IN KOREA: A REVIEW OF EVALUATING PRACTICES AND SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Lee Joohyun , Shepley Mardelle
Published: May 2019

Sustainability is an important objective for architecture as buildings contribute significantly to the quality of the environment. For this reason, various building environmental assessment systems have been developed and applied around the world since 1990. There is currently little research investigating newly developed systems unlike many previous studies on LEED, BREEAM, etc. To fill this gap, the present study focuses on the G-SEED system in Korea by comparing and contrasting its environmental categories and evaluation criteria with those of other major building environmental assessment systems. We introduce and examine the G-SEED system by addressing the Korean context and local needs to understand the forces between globalization and localization. Methods include a dense review of government documents and reports and interviews with practitioners. The results demonstrate that while the Korean rating system shares many similarities with other systems due to the influence of these predecessors on its development, the G-SEED has customized its practices to meet various local needs by developing unique evaluation criteria such as noise and safety.
IMPORTANCE OF THE RESIDENTIAL FRONT YARD FOR SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY: COMPARING SENSE OF COMMUNITY LEVELS IN SEMI-PRIVATE-PUBLIC OPEN SPACES
Authors: Swapan Abu Yousuf , Bay Joo Hwa , Marinova Dora
Published: May 2019

Sustainable design is emerging as an increasingly important concern for the global urban population. Usually sustainable design is associated with economic, ecological and social aspects with the importance of the physical environment often ignored, particularly in the social sciences. However, the physical and social dimensions should be inseparable in the sustainable development agenda. Increasingly, urban designers are emphasizing the link between physical design and sense of community in public open spaces, but there is limited research on the importance of residential streets and associated semi-open public spaces, such as verges, and private spaces, like the front yard. Using the case study method, including observation and a survey in the suburb of Subiaco in Perth, Western Australia, this article explores the significance of residential streets and the space typology of front yards in comparison to other outdoor open space types. The analysis of the front yard's contribution to the street and community can inform designers, developers, planners, policy makers and residents to achieve a more attractive inner city living environment.
SMALL HELIOSTATS CSP SYSTEMS ON LONG-SPAN HANGING ROOFS
Authors: Goodman Joel H.
Published: May 2019

Building Integrated Concentrating Solar Power (BI-CSP) schematic studies with small scale exterior two-axis tracking heliostats anchored on and semi-shading long span hanging roofs with elevated receiver(s) are presented for populated urban and rural locations. Hanging roofs (inverted shallow dome shape) with two-way structural cables and mostly square infill prefabricated slabs/panels supported from a perimeter horizontal circular donut shape rim-girder-platform without a center tension ring studies are for comparing to radial cable structural configurations with a center tension ring. Cable gap grouting between slabs/panels form a pre-tensioned inverted shell structure after temporary weights are removed. Securing vertical heliostat posts studies include: three vertical bolts cast in grout gap two-way cables intersections for three point adjustment of horizontal post base plates; and one-axis adjustable manufactured post brackets bolted to sloped roof surfaces at holes cast in the gaps/slabs. A main case study schematic is around a 30m/100ft diameter hanging roof with a 0.07 sag/diameter ratio with around 271 1m2 heliostats for 230kWt solar thermal steam or air to around 300degC/572degF building integrated thermal energy storage (molten salt, firebricks, etc.) and applications (water purification, cooling, industrial process heat, etc.). A BI-CSP hanging roofs R&D project proposal is outlined: with a circular roof study diameter range of around 25m/82ft–200m/656ft diameter for comparing two-way and radial cable structural configurations for distributed steam stations and a wide range of application temperatures.
EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE DEPTH AND TYPE ON PLANT GROWTH FOR EXTENSIVE GREEN ROOFS IN A MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE
Authors: Eksi Mert , Rowe D. Bradley
Published: May 2019

Although numerous examples of green roofs can be found in Turkey, limited research has been conducted on plant material and substrate type in this climate. Both plants and substrate are very important components in green roof design, it is essential to determine the proper substrates and plants in green roof systems for domestic green roof design. Two types of growing substrates: a commercial substrate consisting of crushed brick and clay (45%), pumice (45%), and organic matter (10%), and a recycled substrate including 90% coarse pumice (10–20 mm) and municipal compost (10%), were tested in three depths of 4, 7 and 10 cm. Tested plant species included Achillea millefolium, Armeria maritima, Sedum acre and Sedum album. Overall, the commercial substrate performed better than the recycled pumice. In addition, deeper substrates promoted greater survival and growth for nearly all species tested. Either A. maritima or A. millefolium survived in the recycled pumice at any depth, whereas they did survive when grown in the commercial substrate in greater than 7 cm and 10 cm, respectively. They both likely would require supplemental irrigation to be acceptable for green roofs in Istanbul or locations with a similar climate. Both Sedum species survived in all substrate types and depths. Information gained can be utilized by green roof professionals in the Istanbul region and in other parts of the world with a similar climate.
Research of Properties of Modern Construction Materials Based on Industrial Waste, Waste Wood and Metallurgical Industries
Authors: Abramov Ruslan Aharonovich , Sokolov Maksim Sergeevich , Derevianko Svetlana Vyacheslavovna
Published: May 2019

Material consumption of production of building materials is determined by the amount of raw materials used for their production, to the total output. One of the ways to reduce material consumption is the use of industrial waste as the main raw material for the production of new construction products. Most of the waste generated as a result of the activities of enterprises are man-made raw materials for the production of products such as brick, lime, cement, etc.Given that man-made raw materials are similar to the natural composition and physical properties and even has a number of advantages (heat treatment, increased dispersion, etc.), the manufacture of building materials from it is usually profitable and justified [4, 5].
The journey of canakinumab; on- and off-label indications
Authors: Marotto Daniela , Batticciotto Alberto , Ceribelli Angela , Sarzi Puttini Piercarlo
Published: May 2019

The role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been studied in many diseases, ranging from auto-inflammatory diseases to malignancies, and much has been discovered. There are currently four IL-1 inhibitors available, but only two have been approved in Europe: the receptor antagonist anakinra, and the IL-1b selective inhibitor canakinumab. The aim of this paper is to summarise the on- and off-label use of canakinumab (ILARIS®).
I diritti negati agli anziani: quali implicazioni per la salute?
Authors: Nardi Guest Editors: R. , Gnerre P. , Salsi A. , Fontanella A. , Manfellotto D.
Published: May 2019

Perchè gli internisti devono occuparsi dei diritti negati agli anziani?M. Campanini, P. Gnerre, A. Fontanella

Diritti negati, abusi, maltrattamenti e neglect nell’anziano: macrofenomeno mondiale sommerso, sostanzialmente misconosciuto o trascuratoP. Calogero, A. Salsi

Il diritto al coordinamento delle cure e alla continuità assistenziale nella gestione delle malattie croniche: strumenti disponibili oggi e quali potenzialmente fruibili in futuro?F. Orlandini

La mancata pianificazione dei fabbisogni di medici e di specialisti in Italia nel Servizio Sanitario pubblico. Quali conseguenze in rapporto all’invecchiamento della popolazione?D. Montemurro, M. D’Arienzo, C. Rivetti, E. Marcante, F. Ragazzo, P. Di Silverio, A. Rossi, C. Palermo

I rischi di un eccesso di cure negli anziani: fare di più non significa fare meglio anche nell’anzianoM. Bobbio

Pensionamento: ritirarsi dal lavoro, non dalla vita né da un futuro di buona saluteR. Nardi, D. Borioni, D. Tirotta, F. Berti, G. Pinna¸ S. Ehrlich, G. Pentella, P. Cosma, R. Rapetti, A. Fontanella

Gestione della depressione, inevitabile compagna del paziente anzianoE. Pecoraro, S. La Carrubba

La sessualità nell’anzianoV. Duretto, G. Pinna

Gli ostacoli metodologici nella comunicazione con il paziente anzianoM. Felici, A. Tufi, A. Pulerà, S. Lenti

L’importanza della capacità di educare all’autogestione delle malattie croniche (self-management) per prevenire l’aggravamento e i ricoveri ripetuti non programmatiM. La Regina, A. Greco

Le cure di fine vita negli anziani: il diritto di morire beneL. Lusiani, C. Santini

Il programma delle otto R: utopia o possibile realtà per migliorare l’assistenza agli anziani?F. D’Amore
Critical appraisal of published research papers – A reinforcing tool for research methodology
Authors: Gajbhiye Snehalata , Tripathi Raakhi , Parmar Urwashi , Khatri Nishtha , Potey Anirudha
Published: May 2019

Background and Objectives:

Critical appraisal of published research papers is routinely conducted as a journal club (JC) activity in pharmacology departments of various medical colleges across Maharashtra, and it forms an important part of their postgraduate curriculum. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perception of pharmacology postgraduate students and teachers toward use of critical appraisal as a reinforcing tool for research methodology. Evaluation of performance of the in-house pharmacology postgraduate students in the critical appraisal activity constituted secondary objective of the study.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted in two parts. In Part I, a cross-sectional questionnaire-based evaluation on perception toward critical appraisal activity was carried out among pharmacology postgraduate students and teachers. In Part II of the study, JC score sheets of 2nd- and 3rd-year pharmacology students over the past 4 years were evaluated.

Results:

One hundred and twenty-seven postgraduate students and 32 teachers participated in Part I of the study. About 118 (92.9%) students and 28 (87.5%) faculties considered the critical appraisal activity to be beneficial for the students. JC score sheet assessments suggested that there was a statistically significant improvement in overall scores obtained by postgraduate students (n = 25) in their last JC as compared to the first JC.

Conclusion:

Journal article criticism is a crucial tool to develop a research attitude among postgraduate students. Participation in the JC activity led to the improvement in the skill of critical appraisal of published research articles, but this improvement was not educationally relevant.
Global Europe
Authors: Holman Otto
Published: May 2019

The European Union is facing the worst existential crisis in its 60-year history. At the same time, it is confronted with old and new challenges in its environment that call for joint action. But how do matters stand with the EU's capacity to act? Does the EU manage to effectively combine the different components of its external relations-such as trade, development aid, and security policy-better than it did in the past? How is the EU's external action determined by the internal socio-economic and political crises in its member states?

These questions and more are answered in 'Global Europe' in the context of the current impasse in the integration process. A clear analysis of the history of the EU's external relations up to now provides us with a better insight into the feasibility of EU strategies directed at the outside world.
Gender, Space and Experience at the Renaissance Court
Authors: Maurer Maria
Published: May 2019

Gender, Space, and Experience at the Renaissance Court investigates the dynamic relationships between gender and architectural space in Renaissance Italy. It examines the ceremonial use and artistic reception of the Palazzo Te from the arrival of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in 1530 to the Sack of Mantua in 1630. This book further proposes that we conceptualise the built environment as a performative space, a space formed by the gendered relationships and actors of its time. The Palazzo Te was constituted by the gendered behaviors of sixteenth-century courtiers, but it was not simply a passive receptor of gender performance. Through its multivalent form and ceremonial function, Maria F. Maurer argues that the palace was an active participant in the construction and perception of femininity and masculinity in the early modern court.
Painted Alchemists
Authors: Berry Drago Elisabeth
Published: May 2019

Thomas Wijck’s painted alchemical laboratories were celebrated in his day as "artful" and "ingenious." They fell into obscurity along with their subject, as alchemy came to be viewed as an occult art or a fool’s errand. But these unusual pictures challenge our understanding of early modern alchemy-and of the deeper relationship between chemical workshops and the artists who represented them. The work of artists, like the work of alchemists, contained intellectual-creative and manual-material aspects. Both alchemists and artists claimed a special status owing to their creative powers. Wijck’s formation of an artistic and professional identity around alchemical themes reveals his desire to explore this curious territory, and ultimately to demonstrate art’s superior claims to knowledge and mastery over nature. This book explores one artist’s transformation of alchemy and its materials into a reputation for virtuosity-and what his work can teach us about the experimental early modern world.
The Thousand and One Nights and Orientalism in the Dutch Republic, 1700-1800
Authors: Leeuwen Richard , Vrolijk Arnoud
Published: May 2019

Antoine Galland’s French translation of the Thousand and One Nights appeared in 1704. One year later a pirate edition was printed in The Hague, followed by many others. Galland entertained a lively correspondence on the subject with the Dutch intellectual and statesman Gisbert Cuper (1644-1716). Dutch orientalists privately owned editions of the *Nights* and discreetly collected manuscripts of Arabic fairy tales. In 1719 the Nights were first retranslated into Dutch by the wealthy Amsterdam silk merchant and financier Gilbert de Flines (Amsterdam 1690-London 1739). The Thousand and One Nights and Orientalism in the Dutch Republic, 1700-1800: Antoine Galland, Ghisbert Cuper and Gilbert de Flines explores not only the trail of the French and Dutch editions from the eighteenth century Dutch Republic and the role of the printers and illustrators, but also the mixed sentiments of embarrassment and appreciation, and the overall literary impact of the Nights on a Protestant nation in a century when French cultural influence ruled supreme.
Still-Life as Portrait in Early Modern Italy
Authors: Lev-er Ornat
Published: May 2019

Still-Life as Portrait in Early Modern Italy centers on the still-life compositions created by Evaristo Baschenis and Bartolomeo Bettera, two 17th-century painters living and working in the Italian city of Bergamo. This highly original study explores how these paintings form a dynamic network in which artworks, musical instruments, books, and scientific apparatuses constitute links to a dazzling range of figures and sources of knowledge. Putting into circulation a wealth of cultural information and ideas and mapping a complex web of social and intellectual relations, these works paint a portrait of both their creators and their patrons, while enacting a lively debate among humanist thinkers, aristocrats, politicians, and artists. The unique contribution of this groundbreaking study is that it identifies for the first time these intellectually rich concepts that arise from these fascinating still-life paintings, a genre considered as "low". Engaging with literary blockbusters and banned books, theatrical artifice and music, and staging a war among the arts, Baschenis and Bettera capture the latest social intrigues, political rivalries, intellectual challenges, and scientific innovations of their time. In doing so, they structure an unstable economy of social, aesthetic, and political values that questions the notion of absolute truth, while probing the distinctions between life and artifice, meaningless marks and meaningful signs.
The Politics of Disability in Interwar and Socialist Czechoslovakia
Authors: Shmidt Victoria , Shmidt Victoria , Henschel Frank , Pančocha Karel
Published: May 2019

By focusing on the politics of disability as a pillar of Czechoslovak identity, The Politics of Disability in Interwar and Socialist Czechoslovakia: Segregating in the Name of the Nation reflects upon the vicissitudes of nation building over the twentieth century that led to extreme forms of institutional violence against minorities, mainly the Roma, such as forced sterilization. The authors trace the intersectionality of ethnicity and disability, which proliferated across diverse realms of public life, positioning the continuities and ruptures of interrogating propaganda and racial science during the interwar and post-war periods as establishing and reinforcing the border between a healthy Czech majority and a disabled Roma minority. The book critically revises this border that remains observable but unapproachable until it operates as a part of constructing the authenticity of a nation.
Most Wanted
Authors: Jaffe Rivke , Oosterbaan Martijn , Comaroff Jean , Comaroff John , Newell Alexander , Schneider Peter , Schneider Jane , Martins Roberto Luis , Gilsing Sterre Elisabeth , Pine Jason , Kivland Chelsey Louise , Michelutti Lucia , Meikle Tracian
Published: May 2019

In contexts of insecurity and inequality across the world, criminal groups have developed into powerful, state-like organizations. Marginalized citizens in search of protection and support may look to criminal leaders, gangs and mafias rather than to politicians and state agencies. Providing residents with forms of social welfare, security and resolutions for dispute, these criminal organizations have taken on the functions and symbols of the state. But criminals’ positions of power are not only rooted in their social provisioning role, or even in the use of fear and force. Most Wanted illustrates how popular culture is producing the socio-political authority of bosses, gangs and cartels through discussions of Italian, Japanese and Russian mafias, and of criminal groups in Brazil, Ghana, Jamaica, and the United States. The essays collected here analyze different forms of visual, material and performative culture, including street art, film, video games, dance parties, popular music and various everyday objects.
Vertical aerosol distribution in the southern hemispheric midlatitudes as observed with lidar in Punta Arenas, Chile (53.2° S and 70.9° W), during ALPACA
Authors: Foth Andreas , Kanitz Thomas , Engelmann Ronny , Baars Holger , Radenz Martin , Seifert Patric , Barja Boris , Fromm Michael , Kalesse Heike , Ansmann Albert
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Within this publication, lidar observations of the vertical aerosol
distribution above Punta Arenas, Chile (53.2∘ S and
70.9∘ W), which have been performed with the Raman lidar
PollyXT from December 2009 to April 2010, are presented. Pristine
marine aerosol conditions related to the prevailing westerly circulation
dominated the measurements. Lofted aerosol layers could only be observed
eight times during the whole measurement period. Two case studies are
presented showing long-range transport of smoke from biomass burning in
Australia and regionally transported dust from the Patagonian Desert,
respectively. The aerosol sources are identified by trajectory analyses with
the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) and
FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model (FLEXPART). However, seven of the eight
analysed cases with lofted layers show an aerosol optical thickness of less
than 0.05. From the lidar observations, a mean planetary boundary layer (PBL)
top height of 1150 ± 350 m was determined. An analysis of particle
backscatter coefficients confirms that the majority of the aerosol is
attributed to the PBL, while the free troposphere is characterized by a very
low background aerosol concentration. The ground-based lidar observations at
532 and 1064 nm are supplemented by the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET)
Sun photometers and the space-borne Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal
Polarization (CALIOP) aboard the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder
Satellite Observation (CALIPSO). The averaged aerosol optical thickness (AOT)
determined by CALIOP was 0.02 ± 0.01 in Punta Arenas from 2009 to 2010.
Synthesis and characterization of erbium trioxide nanoparticles as photocatalyzers for degradation of methyl orange dye
Authors: Dakhil Rifat Mohammed , Gaaz Tayser Sumer , Al-Amiery Ahmed , Takriff Mohd S. , Kadhum Abdul Amir H.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The present work focuses on the photocatalytic degradation of
methyl orange (MO) on erbium trioxide nanoparticles (Er2O3 NPs). In
this study, Er2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized and fully
characterized via various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, UV–visible
spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The results revealed that the
photocatalytic activity of the prepared Er2O3 NPs was manifested in MO photodegradation. The optimum efficiency obtained
was 16 %.
Using a coupled agent-based modeling approach to analyze the role of risk perception in water management decisions
Authors: Hyun Jin-Young , Huang Shih-Yu , Yang Yi-Chen Ethan , Tidwell Vincent , Macknick Jordan
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Managing water resources in a complex adaptive natural–human
system is a challenge due to the difficulty of modeling human behavior under
uncertain risk perception. The interaction between human-engineered systems
and natural processes needs to be modeled explicitly with an approach that
can quantify the influence of incomplete/ambiguous information on
decision-making processes. In this study, we two-way coupled an
agent-based model (ABM) with a river-routing and reservoir management model
(RiverWare) to address this challenge. The human decision-making processes is
described in the ABM using Bayesian inference (BI) mapping joined with a
cost–loss (CL) model (BC-ABM). Incorporating BI mapping into an ABM allows an
agent's psychological thinking process to be specified by a cognitive map
between decisions and relevant preceding factors that could affect
decision-making. A risk perception parameter is used in the BI mapping to
represent an agent's belief on the preceding factors. Integration of the CL
model addresses an agent's behavior caused by changing socioeconomic
conditions. We use the San Juan River basin in New Mexico, USA, to demonstrate
the utility of this method. The calibrated BC-ABM–RiverWare model is shown to
capture the dynamics of historical irrigated area and streamflow changes. The
results suggest that the proposed BC-ABM framework provides an improved
representation of human decision-making processes compared to conventional
rule-based ABMs that do not take risk perception into account. Future
studies will focus on modifying the BI mapping to consider direct agents'
interactions, up-front cost of agent's decision, and upscaling the watershed
ABM to the regional scale.
Melt at grounding line controls observed and future retreat of
Smith, Pope, and Kohler Glaciers
Authors: Lilien David A. , Joughin Ian , Smith Benjamin , Gourmelen Noel
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Smith, Pope, and Kohler Glaciers and the corresponding Crosson and Dotson Ice Shelves have undergone speedup, thinning, and rapid grounding-line retreat in recent years, leaving them in a state likely conducive to future retreat. We conducted a suite of numerical model simulations of these glaciers and compared the results to observations to determine the processes controlling their recent evolution. The model simulations indicate that the state of these glaciers in the 1990s was not inherently unstable, i.e. that small perturbations to the grounding line would not necessarily have caused the large retreat that has been observed. Instead, sustained, elevated melt at the grounding line was needed to cause the observed retreat. Weakening of the margins of Crosson Ice Shelf may have hastened the onset of grounding-line retreat but is unlikely to have initiated these rapid changes without an accompanying increase in melt. In the simulations that most closely match the observed thinning, speedup, and retreat, modeled grounding-line retreat and ice loss continue unabated throughout the 21st century, and subsequent retreat along Smith Glacier’s trough appears likely. Given the rapid progression of grounding-line retreat in the model simulations, thinning associated with the retreat of Smith Glacier may reach the ice divide and undermine a portion of the Thwaites catchment as quickly as changes initiated at the Thwaites terminus.