bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation and protection of the rights of the Roma national minority in Ukraine
Authors: Kondur V. A.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the current state of implementation and legal protection of the rights of the Roma ethnic minority in Ukraine.
It is noted that the Roma lag far behind the main part of the population in terms of education, employment, housing and health care, and are almost completely unrepresented in political institutions. In this regard, a large number of Roma have limited opportunities to improve their quality of life and integrate with the majority of Ukrainian society.
It was concluded that the causes of prejudice against Roma and existing restrictions on the realization of their civil rights include: segregation, traditional features of the internal social structure of Roma communities, and the lack of constructive dialogue between Roma communities, local communities, local authorities, and state authorities. An important role in solving these problems belongs to the international foundation «Renaissance», which is one of the largest Ukrainian charitable foundations and non-governmental organization.
In order to create conditions for the realization and protection of Roma rights in Ukraine in various spheres of public life, the Council of Europe project «Strengthening the protection of national minorities, including Roma, and minority languages in Ukraine» was launched in 2018, based on the recommendations of two monitoring bodies of the Framework Convention Council of Europe on the Protection of National Minorities and the European Charter of Regional or Minority Languages.
The results of sociological research on the current problems of legal protection of the rights of the Roma population are presented.
It is emphasized that the State Service of Ukraine for Ethnopolitics and Freedom of Conscience and the Secretariat of the Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for Human Rights deal with the issues of implementation and protection of Roma rights.
It is concluded that the main directions for improving the legal protection of the rights of the Roma population are: carrying out educational work; provision of free legal aid to Roma; strengthening the legal opportunities of Roma; development of bodies of self-organization of the Roma population; establishment of communication between Roma and residents of cities and towns; integration of Roma into Ukrainian society.
Legal regulation of digital transformation of the institute local self-government: foreign experience
Authors: Shcherbatyuk I. O. , Pyroha I. S. , Pyroha M. I.
Published: November 2024

The constitutional foundations of local self-government in Ukraine are norms-principles reflected in more than 20 articles of the Constitution of Ukraine. Norms establishing the legal, organizational, material and financial foundations of local self-government provide for the establishment of a democratic decentralized management system, based on independent territorial communities, local self-government bodies, which are entrusted with the decision of all issues local importance. Real effective local self-government is possible only in the presence of certain conditions that have objectively developed in society, and which collectively form the basis of local self-government. The local self-government create the foundation, on which the entire system is built. One of the fundamental foundations of local self-government is the participation of citizens in the social and political life of the state.
The impact of digital transformation, through digitization mechanisms, on local self-government bodies is reflected in a change in the way of acting and communicating with community residents in order to achieve the integration of civil society institutions and authorities. In Ukraine, as in the whole world, important steps are being taken in this direction. However, it is clear that there is still a long way to go in the implementation of digital technologies, as many governing bodies of territorial communities (TG) use a wide range of inherited outdated systems and technologies that need to be replaced.
The article analyzes the regulatory and legal regulation of digital transformation of local authorities in Ukraine and in foreign states. Positive and negative characteristics of the digitization process are highlighted. It is proposed to establish principles of strategic planning of digital transformation common to all municipalities: accounting of the existing level, realizability, variability, detail, transparency and clarity, systematic monitoring. Proposals have also been formulated to determine the psychological readiness for digitalization of employees of local self-government bodies and the development of partnerships between municipal authorities and educational institutions.
Peculiarities of the license agreement for the use of objects of related rights
Authors: Pecherova N. H.
Published: November 2024

This work is devoted to consideration of the features of the license agreement for the use of objects of related rights (performance, phonograms, videograms, broadcasting organization programs). A license agreement as a form of disposal of property rights to objects of intellectual property law, including related rights, is defined both in the Civil Code of Ukraine and in the Law of Ukraine «On Copyright and Related Rights». However, in the Civil Code of Ukraine, in addition to the license agreement, a license for the use of objects of intellectual property rights (objects of related rights) is also defined as a form of disposition. The legislator, in accordance with the provisions of the relevant article of the Civil Code of Ukraine, considers this form of order both as a unilateral transaction and as an integral part of the license agreement.
In this work, special attention, in particular, is given to the consideration of this issue, based on the essence of a unilateral transaction and the legal nature of legal relations in the field of intellectual property law. A comparison is made between the scope of use of the object of intellectual property rights (the object of related rights) and the obligations that, as a general rule, rest on the party that issued the corresponding unilateral deed. In addition to the above-mentioned issues, special attention is paid to the consideration of the legal nature of objects of related rights for which license agreements for use are concluded. As a result of the analysis, it was found that a special object is the broadcasting organization program.
The dependence of the existence of this object, in particular, on the objects of copyright, which, among other things, may constitute a component part of this object, is investigated. Attention is also paid to subjects of related rights, especially those subjects that are primary and the impact of their legal nature on who they can act as in a license agreement for the use of objects of intellectual property rights (objects of related rights). A study of certain aspects of the license publishing agreement is carried out in the context of the need to indicate the circulation, according to the author of the article, as well as the possibility of using the oral form of the agreement regarding the use of objects of related rights in periodicals. Based on the highlighted issues, the author proposed appropriate changes to the current legislation of Ukraine by introducing new revisions of articles to both the relevant Law and the Civil Code of Ukraine.
Legal forms of state participation in civil-legal relations
Authors: Poddubna V.
Published: November 2024

In the article, the author examines the legal forms of the state’s participation in civil law relations, in particular the legal problems of the state’s creation of legal entities under public law, examines both the doctrinal and legislative provisions of the current legislation. The article provides a definition of the concept of a legal entity of public law, features, and criteria for distinguishing it from legal entities of private law. A legal entity under public law is defined as legal entities that are created directly by law or an administrative act as bearers of public tasks, their organization is regulated by the prescriptions of public interest laws, and they generally perform relevant public functions. The criteria for distinguishing legal entities under private and public law include the following: 1) interest; 2) the presence of authority; 3) organizational and property subordination of a legal entity. The author examines judicial practice regarding the establishment of a legal fact on the issue of classifying a state-owned enterprise as a legal entity under private law. The article analyzes the issue that only state bodies have the authority and competence to create legal entities under public law, local self-government bodies and private individuals cannot have such competence. The author considers the issue of the responsibility of the local self-government body for the debts of commercial enterprises. The article analyzes the legal status of an educational institution as a legal entity under public law on the example of a state university. The author examines the issue of the state’s creation of legal entities of private law. The most common organizational and legal form in which legal entities under private law are created are joint-stock companies. The article analyzes the current legislation in the field of corporatization of state enterprises. The author analyzes the legal status of a public joint-stock company, considers the issues of its creation and nature of activity.
Modern scientific and conceptual approaches to understanding the concept of «complex interbranch legal institution»
Authors: Hurtova K. M.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the modern scientific and conceptual approaches to understanding the concept of ‘complex inter-branch legal institution’.
It is emphasised that despite the wide range of scientific publications in the field of legal structuring and systematics, the continuous development of positive law objectively leads to the emergence of numerous complex formations, which necessitates further scientific research. The author considers the expediency of distinguishing between the concepts of ‘complex’ and ‘intersectoral’ legal institutions.
The author argues that such a division is artificial in the context of general concepts of systemic relations in law. The main reason for this is that the features of complex institutions are fully extrapolated to inter-branch institutions, and vice versa. In turn, the formation and functioning of inter-branch institutions always presupposes the existence of systemic links between their elements, since the rules of law which constitute such institutions are not mechanical entities.
The author joins the existing approach in the literature to understanding the concept of ‘complexity’ in relation to interbranch legal institutions, which should be interpreted not only as a certain unification of concepts, categories and legal material existing in the legal acts of two or more branches of law, but also includes the diversity of the source base of this element of the legal system (international legal acts and treaties, judicial precedents, primarily, the Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights). In addition, inter-branch legal institutions are based on inter-branch legal constructions, which should include not only modelling of legal phenomena at the level of several branches of law, but also at the level of complex inter-branch legal institutions.
The mechanism of creation of complex inter-branch legal institutions is traced. Within the framework of the analysis of the species diversity of complex interbranch legal institutions, which are traditionally divided into border and functional ones, the author argues that a strict gradation between complex interbranch legal institutions of public and private law is inappropriate.
Digital rights: Ukrainian and European experience
Authors: Didukh Kh. V.
Published: November 2024

The article reveals the problematic aspects of the European regulation of the newest rights, which are also known as “digital rights”. These include freedom of expression, the right to anonymity, the right to be forgotten, the right to fair competition and equal access, and the right to transparency of content moderation. The author identifies the main acts of the European Union that regulate legal relations arising from such rights. The author also analyzes a number of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union.
With regard to the right to freedom of expression, national legislation should enshrine the relevant rules for regulating relations on the Internet, as emphasized by the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. In the context of ensuring the right to anonymity, it has been established that special state bodies have access to personal data that a person uses when interacting with Internet sources. This is aimed at ensuring online security. With regard to the right to be forgotten on the Internet, there is a decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union, where the court noted that any search engine must consider complaints from EU citizens to remove web pages on any grounds where their names and surnames are directly indicated, but this right applies only to the member states of the European Union. In the context of the right to fair competition and equal access and the right to transparency of content moderation, the author analyzes the new EU regulations, namely the Digital Markets Act and the Digital Services Act, which relate to the protection of personal data of consumers. In the future, they may affect Ukrainian companies operating in the European Union.
The right to fair competition and equal access provides for some restrictions for monopoly companies operating in the European market, including: Meta, Apple, Amazon and others. Thus, they are prohibited from combining data from two applications owned by the same company.
The right to transparency in content moderation is aimed at protecting users from illegal actions and the ability to hold companies accountable. Therefore, they must assess systemic risks and take measures to reduce them.
Mujeres trabajadoras en plataformas digitales. Ganarse la vida entre la precariedad y las desigualdades de género
Authors: Díaz Santana Jiménez Miguel Ángel , Aparicio López Rosario
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo analizamos las experiencias de mujeres trabajadoras en plataformas digitales. En primer lugar, mostramos algunas de sus formas de organización y sus acciones colectivas. En segundo lugar, mostramos algunas desventajas que viven las mujeres al realizar su trabajo en las aplicaciones de reparto de comida. La metodología es de corte cualitativo y cuantitativo. Para el enfoque cualitativo utilizamos la información de un Mapeo Nacional que se realizó en 2023, donde se entrevistó a líderes y lideresas de diferentes organizaciones y colectivos del país. Para el cuantitativo, se utilizaron datos de una encuesta levantada en 2020 por El Colegio de México donde se entrevistó a personas trabajadoras en reparto de comida a domicilio en la Ciudad de México.
The Effect of Parkour for Disaster Preparedness Training on Psychological Preparedness for Disasters
Authors: Zharfani Handy Aulia , Patria Bhina
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of parkour for disaster preparedness training on psychological preparedness for disasters. Parkour is predicted to be able to improve psychological preparedness for disasters because parkour practice develops flight response skills when a disaster occurs. This research was conducted using a quasi-experimental method involving 24 participants (11 males and 13 females) aged 15-18 years old, which assigned into the experimental group (n=11) and the control group (n=13). The experimental group was given general knowledge training on disasters (180 minutes) and parkour training for disaster preparedness (3 x 120 minutes), while the experimental group was only given general knowledge training on disasters. Measurements were made using the Psychological Preparedness for Disaster Threat Scale. The result of this study shows a significant difference in scores before and after the provision of general knowledge training in the experimental group (p=0.024) and the control group (p=0.012). However, there was no score change in the experimental group after the provision of parkour training for disaster preparedness (p=0.983), and there was no significant score decline in the control group that was not given any follow-up treatments (p=0.297). The final results showed no significant score difference between both groups (p=0.236). Therefore, this study concludes that general knowledge training on disasters effectively increases psychological preparedness for disasters, while the parkour for disaster preparedness training does not affect psychological preparedness for disasters because the parkour training provided was insufficient to develop flight response skills for disasters.
Family Regenerative Typology of Cianjur Earthquake Survivors: Influence Analysis to Religiosity and Family Vulnerability
Authors: Kumalasari Berti , Sunarti Euis , Yuliati Lilik Noor , Herawati Tin
Published: November 2024

Indonesia is one of the countries prone to disasters. One of the biggest disasters in 2022 was the earthquake in Cianjur Regency. Disaster events result in damage to assets and infrastructure and hamper social growth. This study aims to analyze the differences in religiosity, family vulnerability and regenerative typology between families in lightly damaged and severely damaged houses and analyze the influence of religiosity and family vulnerability on the regenerative typology of earthquake survivor families in Cianjur Regency. The population of this study is the families of earthquake survivors in Cianjur Regency. Respondents in this study were 100 wives with lightly damaged houses and 100 wives with severely damaged houses. Data were analyzed using a statistical package for the social sciences and structural equation modeling least squares. The t-test results showed a higher vulnerability of families in severely damaged houses than families in lightly damaged houses. The regenerative typology of disaster survivor families is influenced by religiosity and family vulnerability. Stakeholders are expected to work together to provide material and psychosocial disaster assistance. It is essential to conduct socialization and education for families to become regenerative and resilient families facing disasters
Differences in physical activity, sedentary time, and anthropometric variables among children and adolescents: The TUBON project
Authors: Demirci Necip , Karaca Ayda , Çağlar Emine , Aksen Pelin , Küçükkubaş Nigar , Çelebi Mehmet Mesut , Karabulut Erdem , Demirhan Gıyasettin , Kirazcı Sadettin , Özmert Elif Nursel
Published: November 2024

Background. Although physical inactivity may lead to increasing obesity prevalence, research on anthropometric variables changes based on physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents is limited. PA decreases with age, while sedentary behavior increases. The study aimed to examine differences in objectively measured sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) between children and adolescents, and the differences in the percentiles of anthropometric variables between physically active and inactive groups according to World Health Organization PA recommendations.
Methods. A total of 759 participants aged 6-17 years (boys, n=358; girls, n=401) were included in the study. The ActiGraph wGT3x-BT accelerometer was used to measure sedentary time, LPA, and MVPA. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold thickness (T-SFT), and medial-calf skinfold thickness (M-SFT) were measured. Body fat percentage (BF%) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated, and the percentiles of anthropometric variables were categorized.
Results. The findings showed that children had less sedentary time and a higher LPA than adolescents for both genders (p<0.05). Children had a higher MVPA than adolescents in girls (p<0.05), but the difference was insignificant in boys (p>0.05). In boys, physically active children were in lower percentiles for T-SFT and BF% than those who did not (p<0.05). In boys, adolescents who were physically inactive were in higher percentiles for BMI, T-SFT, M-SFT, and BF% (p<0.05). In addition, in girls, adolescents who were physically active were in lower percentiles of BMI, M-SFT, and BF%, whereas children who were physically active were in lower percentiles of M-SFT and BF% (p<0.05).
Conclusion. Sedentary time increases while PA decreases with age. Children and adolescents who met the WHO PA recommendation had lower percentiles of anthropometric variables, indicating the importance of PA in preventing obesity in these age groups.
A Thread-Safe Lattice Boltzmann Model for Multicomponent Turbulent Jet Simulations
Authors: Montessori Andrea , Hegele Luiz A. , Lauricella Marco
Published: November 2024

In this work an optimized multicomponent lattice Boltzmann (LB) model is deployed to simulate axisymmetric turbulent jets of a fluid evolving in a quiescent, immiscible environment over a wide range of dynamic regimes. The implementation of the multicomponent LB code achieves peak performance on graphic processing units (GPUs) with a significant reduction of the memory footprint, retains the algorithmic simplicity inherent to standard LB computing, and, being based on a high-order extension of the thread-safe LB algorithm, allows us to perform stable simulations at vanishingly low viscosities. The proposed approach opens attractive prospects for high-performance computing simulations of realistic turbulent flows with interfaces on GPU-based architectures.
Impact of Part-Speed Geometry Changes on Centrifugal Compressor Performance
Authors: Brown William J. , Key Nicole L.
Published: November 2024

The effects of part-speed geometry changes on the performance of an aeroengine centrifugal compressor are evaluated. In many applications, impellers are often of a high-flow-coefficient, high-specific-speed design. When coupled with the high rotational speeds and high temperature ratios of modern impellers, significant deformation occurs as the compressor moves across its operating range from low speeds to high speeds. At each operating speed studied, the impeller geometry was deformed to achieve the running, warm geometry at that speed. Typically, a single hot-to-cold analysis is performed to generate the cold geometry needed for fabricating the hardware. The hot as-designed geometry is used to predict performance at all operating speeds. The present study shows that this approach tends to overpredict part-speed performance. The variation between the hot geometry and the warm geometry at part speeds below 80% of design speed was nearly one point in efficiency and more than 1.2% in total pressure ratio. The assumption of constant geometry is made due to the time-consuming and computationally expensive iterative procedure required to compute the warm part-speed geometries. To address this, a scaling is presented that allows for part-speed geometries to be determined using only the as-manufactured and as-designed geometries.
Implementing The Anti-Money Laundering Law: Optimizing Asset Recovery in Corruption Cases in Indonesia
Authors: Yoserwan Yoserwan , Dias Fausto Soares
Published: November 2024

Corruption is still a severe problem in Indonesia. In 2022, the Attorney General Office of the Republic of Indonesia alone succeeded in handling 405 of 597 corruption cases in 2022, with a state loss of 39.207 trillion out of a total of 42.747 trillion. When the state loss is combined with the state economic loss, which refers to the indirect financial impact on the state due to corruption, the number will be up to IDR142 trillion. However, the total asset recovery through fines and state loss compensation was only IDR 8.9 trillion. Thus, it only recovers about 12% of state losses due to corruption. One of the efforts to recover state losses is applying the law on money laundering because its main objective is to pursue the proceeds of a crime, including corruption. This paper discusses how the money laundering law will be more optimal in recovering state losses due to corruption and its application in several cases. The method used in this study is normative legal research, especially case studies relating to implementing a money laundering law on corruption cases. From the study, it can be concluded that the anti-money laundering law was not optimally applied in asset recovery in corruption cases. Only in corruption, which indicates an actual state loss, can the anti-money laundering law be applied. Moreover, there should also be an indication that the money laundering process follows corruption. Applying the Anti-Money Laundering Law, whether in the investigation, prosecution, or trial of criminal acts of corruption, has not been optimal, so it has not supported efforts to recover state losses.
НАХОДКИ ЛИТЕЙНЫХ ФОРМ БРОНЗОВОГО ВЕКА В ГОРНО-ЛЕСНОМ ЗАУРАЛЬЕ
Authors: О.Н. Корочкова , И.А. Спиридонов
Published: November 2024

Публикация посвящена находкам двух тальковых форм, обнаруженных на разрушенном поселении Шигирский Исток III в Свердловской области. Первая представляет собой комбинированную створку для одноушкового кельта со ско шенным лезвием и валиком по краю втулки с одной стороны и двулезвийного ножа-кинжала с кольцевым упором у черенка с другой. Еще одна матрица предназначалась для отливки долота. Анализ контекстов и аналогий позволяет с достаточной уверенностью атрибутировать их в рамках черкаскульской культуры эпохи бронзы и рассматривать как свидетельства развития традиций местного центра металло производства и интегрированности в систему связей культур заключительной фазы Западно-азиатской металлургической провинции.

The publication focuses on the findings of two talc casting molds discov ered at the destroyed settlement of Shigirsky Istok III in the Sverdlovsk region. The first mold is a combined one. It was designed for casting an asymmetrical celt with a beveled cutting edge and a roller along the socket edge, whereas the other part was used for cast ing a two-bladed knife-dagger with an annular stop near the handle. The other mold was used for casting chisels. The analyzed contexts and analogies suggest that they can be attributed to the Cherkaskul culture of the Bronze Age with sufficient certainty. These ar tifacts may be considered the evidence of development of traditions related with the local metal production center and integration into the system of cultural links of the final stage of the West Asian metallurgical province.
КОМПЛЕКС СЕРПОВ С ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ ПОЗДНЕГО БРОНЗОВОГО ВЕКА ПАНАГИЯ 1 (ТАМАНСКИЙ ПОЛУОСТРОВ): МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ
Authors: А.А. Горошников , А.Л. Пелих , Т.Н. Смекалова
Published: November 2024

В статье вводится в научный оборот и характеризуется комплекс из двух серпов (целого и обломка), найденный на поселении Панагия 1 на Таманском полуострове. Комплекс уникален – это второй клад, содержащий предметы прикубанского очага металлопроизводства позднего бронзового века, который документально четко зафиксирован в культурном слое поселения. Целый серп клада был сильно сжат пополам, образуя узкое пространство, внутри которого был обломок второго серпа – такое складывание серпов известно в зоне прикубанского очага металло производства, причем в его ранней группе. Целый серп является важным свидетельством существования серпов с плавно, симметрично изогнутой спинкой и низ кой дугой не только на раннем, ахметовском, но и на среднем, удобненском, этапе прикубанского очага металлопроизводства. Удобненский этап синхронизируется с поздней сабатиновской культурой. Состав сплава серпов изучен методом рентгено-флуоресцентного безэталонного анализа. Серпы изготовлены из меди с добавлением небольшого (около 1,5 %) количества мышьяка. Подобные сплавы характерны для кубанского металлопроизводства эпохи поздней бронзы.

The paper introduces into scientific discourse an assemblage of two sickles (one intact sickle and the other preserved in a fragment) found at the Panagia 1 settle ment in the Taman peninsula and describes their characteristics. This unique assemblage is the second hoard comprising items from the Kuban Late Bronze Age metal-pro ducing focus that has been reliably recorded in the settlement occupation layer. The intact sickle from the hoard was bent in half, with its two parts compressed together forming a narrow space into which the fragment of the second sickle was placed. Such manner of sickle bending is known in the Kuban metal production focus; notably, it is typical for the early group of the focus assemblages. The intact sickle provides important evi dence for sickles with a smoothly and symmetrically curved back and a low arch that were spread not only on the early stage of the Kuban metal production focus known as the Akhmetovskaya stage but also on the Udobnaya stage. The latter stage is con temporary with the late Sabatinovka culture. The elemental composition of the sick le alloy has been studied using the reference-free X-ray fluorescence analysis. It has been shown that the sickles were made of copper containing a small amount of arsenic (around 1,5 %). Such alloys are characteristic of the Kuban metal production in the Late Bronze Age.
НОВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ АНАЛИЗА ИЗДЕЛИЙ ИЗ САМОРОДНОЙ МЕДИ С ЭНЕОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ПОСЕЛЕНИЙ КАРЕЛИИ
Authors: А.М. Жульников , М.А. Кулькова , А.Ю. Тарасов
Published: November 2024

В статье публикуются данные, полученные в результате изучения гео химического состава серии медных предметов, обнаруженных на поселениях, от носящихся к разным периодам энеолита Карелии. Результаты исследования позво лили наметить четыре этапа в развитии металлообработки на территории региона и в освоении его рудной базы. Впервые удалось обнаружить свидетельства исполь зования древним населением региона не только самородной меди с территории За онежья, но и иных рудопроявлений, расположенных в южной части Карелии.

The paper presents results of recently conducted geochemical investiga tions of a series of copper objects originating from settlements dated to different stag es of the Eneolitic period in Karelia. Our findings suggest four stages of development of metal (copper) working in the region and exploitation of its resource base. This study is the first to discover evidence demonstrating that the ancient population of this region used not only native copper in the Trans-Onega region but also exploited other ore occurrences located in the southern part of Karelia.
БАРЫБИНСКИЙ КЛАД ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ I – НАЧАЛА II ВЕКА (ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНАЯ ПУБЛИКАЦИЯ)
Authors: А.М. Воронцов , Е.В. Столяров
Published: November 2024

В статье публикуется клад украшений, найденный в результате неза конных раскопок в Тульской области около дер. Барыбинка. В его составе около 1500 предметов, сделанных из серебра, бронзы, стекла. Раскопками на месте на ходки клада было установлено, что он был сокрыт в заброшенной постройке на па мятнике типа Упа 2. Наиболее статусные вещи выполнены в технике ковки с по следующим нанесением орнамента пуансоном. Такие украшения характерны для памятников верхнего и среднего Поочья середины I – первой половины III в. Клад демонстрирует наиболее комплектный набор украшений этого стиля на этапе его становления.

he paper is a publication of a treasure of jewelry found as a result of il legal excavations near the village of Barybinka in the Tula region (Fig. 1: I, 1). It con sists of around 1500 items made of silver, bronze and glass (Fig. 3–6). The excavations at the treasure findspot found that it had been hidden in an abandoned building at the site of the Upa 2 type (Fig. 1: III). The most high status objects (Fig. 3, 1–5, 7, 8) were made by forging with subsequent ornamentation with a punch. Such jewelry items are cha racteristic of the sites in the Upper and the Middle Oka region, they date to the middle of the 1st – first half of the 3rd centuries. The described treasure is an example of the most complete set of jewelry made in this style during the stage of its development.
НОВЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ КЕРАМИКИ ГОРОДИЩА ДЕМИДОВКА
Authors: В.В. Бегунова , Н.В. Лопатин
Published: November 2024

Представлен общий обзор коллекции керамики из раскопок городища Демидовка в Смоленском Поднепровье – одного из важнейших памятников желез ного века в этом регионе. Материалы делятся на три основные культурно-хроно логические группы: днепро-двинская культура, древности типа среднего слоя Ту шемли и культура типа Тушемля-Колочин. Главное внимание уделяется последней группе и, в частности, двум небольшим сериям керамики с ребром в верхней части, которое подчеркнуто оттянутым валиком. Рассмотрение синхронных и асинхрон ных связей этих серий приводит к выводу о том, что это не только особый элемент в развитии керамических традиций в культуре типа Тушемля-Колочин, но и связую щее звено с древностями типа селища Узмень и псковских длинных курганов.

This paper provides an overview of the ceramic assemblage from the excava tions of the Demidovka hillfort in the Smolensk Dnieper region which is one of the most prominent Iron Age sites from the Migration period in this region. The finds are divided into three main cultural-chronological groups, namely, the Dnieper-Dvina culture, antiqui ties of the Tushemlya middle layer type, and the culture of the Tushemlya-Kolochin type. The paper focuses on the latter group, especially, two small series of the ceramic with a rib in the upper section which is emphasized by an extended roller. It can be inferred from the examination of the contemporary and non-contemporary links of these series that it was not only a distinctive element in the development of ceramic traditions in the culture of the Tushemlya-Kolochin type but also served as a link connecting these finds to the an tiquities from the Uzmen unfortified settlement and the Pskov Long kurgans.
КЛАДБИЩЕ ПРИ ЦЕРКВИ ПРЕОБРАЖЕНИЯ В г. БОРОВСКЕ: АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ И АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТЫ
Authors: Е.Е. Васильева , О.Ю. Чечёткина
Published: November 2024

В 2021 г. в г. Боровске (Калужская обл.) была изучена часть кладбища XVII–XVIII вв. при храме во имя Преображения Спаса на площади. Проведенные археологические исследования включали в себя помимо полевых работ анализ кол лекции деревянных погребальных сооружений, обнаруженных в ходе раскопок не крополя. Были выявлены типологические особенности коллекции, не характерные аналогичным по статусу и хронологии комплексам некрополей Верхнего Поволжья. Изучение антропологических материалов данного некрополя также свидетельствует о некоторых особенностях, характерных для этой серии в сравнении с синхронны ми группами из некрополей Верхнего Поволжья (Ярославля и Нижнего Новгорода) и некоторых других городов, а также более ранней выборки (XIII в.) из Ярославля. При сравнимых по значению с другими позднесредневековыми сериями среднем возрасте смерти без учета детей и соотношением полов в целом группа из Боровска оказывается близка некоторым статусным сериям по показателям встречаемости маркеров стресса как во взрослой, так и в детской выборках, а также средней рекон струированной длине тела взрослых мужчин.

In 2021 a part of the cemetery was investigated in the graveyard at the Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior in the square in Borovsk (Kaluga region). Besides the fieldwork, the archaeological investigation included analysis of the assemblage of wooden funerary constructions discovered during the cemetery excavations. The ana lysis identified typological traits of the assemblage that are not typical for cemetery sites in the Upper Volga region regarding their status and chronology. The examination of the anthropological remnants from this cemetery also reveals some distinctive features characteristic of this series compared with contemporary series from the cemeteries in the Upper Volga region (Yaroslavl and Nizhny Novgorod) and some other cities as well as the earlier sample (12th century) from Yaroslavl. While the values of mean age at death disregarding children and sex ratio are comparable with those estimated for other late medieval series, on the whole, the Borovsk series appears to be close to some high status series relating to such indicators as prevalence of stress markers both in the adult sample and the children sample as well as average reconstructed length of the body of adult males.
Microflow liquid chromatography coupled to multinozzle electrospray ionization for improved lipidomics coverage of 3D clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Girel Sergey , Galmiche Mathieu , Fiault Mathis , Mieville Valentin , Nowak-Sliwinska Patrycja , Rudaz Serge , Meister Isabel
Published: November 2024

In most bioanalytical laboratories, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) systems with electrospray ionization (ESI) are hyphenated to liquid chromatography platforms. The latter typically operate under analytical flow (AF; 0.2-1 mL/min) regimes. Hence, AF/ESI-HRMS methods prioritize detection of analytes of higher abundances or ionizability and tend to suffer from matrix effects or ion suppression. A far higher sensitivity can be obtained with electrospray at nanoflow (10- 1000 nL/min) thanks to a better ionization efficiency and significant decrease of matrix effects. Both advantages are crucial to reliably access low-abundant compounds or weakly ionizable analytes. This work presents a microflow (μF) chromatographic set-up coupled to a novel microfabricated multinozzle electrospray (mnESI) emitter with 5 nozzles spraying at 600 nL/min per nozzle for untargeted HRMS lipidomic profiling. With a runtime of 19 minutes, similar to our established analytical flow (AF/ESI) lipidomics platform, μF/mnESI produced a 16-fold median increase across 69 deuterated lipid standards. The performance of this new configuration was also evaluated in the context of the profiling of 3D clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) model exposed to a multidrug combination therapy. The processing of the acquired data resulted in 1270 (μF/mnESI) vs. 752 (AF/ESI) MS2-annotated lipids. Among those, 762 achieved <10% variation on pooled QC samples for μF/mnESI compared to only 361 for the AF method. In addition, the measurements of ccRCC samples confirmed the improvements in ionization efficiency and adduct patterns observed with standards, enabling to annotate 79 oxidized triglycerides, 38 cholesterol esters (only 5 and 4 detected in AF/ESI, respectively), as well as 12 sitosterol esters, not yet reported in mammalian cell cultures.
Asynchronous Swarm-Based Global Optimisation: Overcoming Premature Convergence to Produce Realistic Pt Nanoparticle Ensembles
Authors: Holland Julian , Makos Malgorzata , Zhang Difan , Kollias Loukas , Lee Mal-soon , Rousseau Roger , Glezakou Vanda , Skylaris Chris-Kriton
Published: November 2024

Swarm intelligence-based algorithms have proven successful in exploring a potential energy surfaces (PESs) of chemical systems. One of the major limitations to recent implementations of these algorithms is that they have been implemented serially. To overcome this limitation we present our asynchronously parallel global optimisations (GO) artificial bee colony (ABC) methodology: pyGlobOpt. Furthermore, we demonstrate methodologies to properly tune and enhance pyGlobOpt for system specific character by developing assessment criteria that could be applied to any form of ensemble generation. Using this criteria we were able to demonstrate how to overcome premature convergence, an issue pervading the GO of some systems with the ABC algorithm, using a clustering-based methodology. We demonstrate that the inclusion of our clustering methodology and properly tuned pyGlobOpt parameters can lead to a 5-fold increase in the number of unique low-energy structures found as well as more than halving the average energetic distance from the global minimum. we apply our refined methods to Pt nanoparticles, an important catalytic material for the evolution and reduction of hydrogen. We produce ensembles of thermodynamically relevant structures at different degrees of hydrogenation and compare to carefully selected experimental metrics. We culminate in demonstrating the potential of our software to be leveraged by exascale high performance computers by performing linear-scaling DFT calculations within the pyGlobOpt framework.
AI-driven simulation of stochastic electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Mathwig Klaus
Published: November 2024

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a vital analytical technique widely used in immunosensing and emerging applica-tions in biological imaging. Traditional ECL simulations rely on finite element methods, which provide valuable insights into reaction dynamics and spatial distribution of species. However, such methods are limited in mesoscopic environ-ments where stochastic effects become significant. Here, I present a novel approach using ChatGPTo1 to generate a Py-thon-based stochastic simulation for ECL reactions in a nanofluidic channel, incorporating diffusion, electrochemical and chemical reactions, and photon emission. The simulation successfully replicates results from finite element models while offering additional insights into time-dependent behaviors and enabling noise analysis for simulated luminescence traces. The iterative development of this simulation using ChatGPT was rapid, requiring minimal coding expertise while leveraging the model’s "reasoning" capabilities to implement physical principles, verify calculations, and optimize per-formance. This work demonstrates that large language models (LLMs) can serve as effective co-intelligence tools, facili-tating the development of complex simulations in electrochemistry. AI-driven tools/LLMs have a promising role in ad-vancing electrochemistry research, though careful validation remains essential to ensure scientific accuracy.
Development of a Highly Selective Synthesis of 4-Substituted Tetrahydroquinolines: Substrate Scope and Mechanistic Study
Authors: Piña Jeanette , Aguirre Lupita , Litwiller Levi , Ly Hai , Crockett Michael , Thomas Andy
Published: November 2024

Herein, we describe a general and selective deprotonation functionalization reaction of tetrahydroquinolines at the 4–position using organolithiums and phosphoramide ligands. In addition to the development of a direct deprotonation alkylation reaction with primary and secondary alkyl halides, a Negishi cross–coupling protocol was realized to afford products with a range of aromatic halides. These methods were applied to the late-stage installation of tetrahydroquinolines into a variety of substrates including pharmaceuticals as well as natural product analogues. The use of thorough mechanistic investigations revealed the aggregation state of the newly formed tetrahydroquinoline anion to be a separated ion pair, which proved critical to optimizing the reaction conditions.
Direct Edge-Functionalization of Corannulene-Coronene Hybrid Nanographenes
Authors: Stanojkovic Jovana , Terenti Natalia , Stuparu Mihaiela
Published: November 2024

For more than a century, electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions have been central to the construction of a rich variety of organic molecules useful in all aspects of human life. Typically, small aromatic nuclei such as benzene provide an ideal substrate. An increase in the number of annulated aromatic rings enhances the number of potential reactive sites and frequently results into complex product mixtures. Thus, nanographenes, with a relatively large aromatic system, are seldom selective in their substitution positions. Moreover, nanographene substrates with scope for multiple substitution reactions and patterns remains rare. Herein, we demonstrate that a curved aromatic system based on a corannulene-coronene hybrid structure comprising of 48 conjugated sp2-carbon atoms allows for direct and regioselective edge-functionalization through bromination, nitration, formylation, and Friedel-Crafts acylation in good yields. The post-synthetically installed functional groups can be modified through versatile organic chemistry transformations including (mechanochemical) Suzuki-Miyaura, Sonogashira-Hagihara, and Buchwald-Hartwig amination reactions. Furthermore, the substitutions can be carried out in a sequential manner to yield hetero-functional structures. The edge-functionalization strategy enables modular access to nanostructures with appealing properties, such as strong fluorescence emission in the visible and the near-infrared regions (475-900 nm) with record Stokes shifts (>300 nm), at an exceptionally small carbon footprint (C48).
Molecular conductance calculations on single-molecule junctions using projection-based density functional embedding
Authors: Jelenfi Dávid P. , Tajti Attila , Szalay Péter G.
Published: November 2024

Single-Molecule Junctions (SMJs) are key platforms for the exploration of electron transport at the molecular scale. In this work, we present a method that employs different exchange-correlation density functionals for the molecule and the electrode domains in an SMJ, allowing us to choose the optimal one for each part. This is accomplished using a formally exact projection-based DFT-in-DFT embedding technique combined with the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method to predict the zero-bias conductance. The effectiveness of the approach is illustrated through transport calculations on SMJs with benzene-1,4-diamine (BDA) and its tetramethylated and tetrafluorinated variants using the CAM-B3LYP range-separated hybrid functional for the embedded molecule and the PBE functional for the electrodes. The findings indicate a substantial improvement in the accuracy of the predicted zero-bias conductance compared to traditional modeling using the PBE functional across the entire system. The causes for the noted improvement are demonstrated through the examination of alterations in the energy levels of the embedded molecule, along with variations in the electrode-molecule interactions.
Antiadhesive glycoconjugate metal complexes targeting pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans
Authors: Wojtczak Karolina , Gillon Emilie , Bura Diana , Richmond Karen , Joyce Megan , Caraher Emma , Kessie Keela , Velasco-Torrijos Trinidad , Trujillo Cristina , Imberty Anne , Kavanagh Kevin , Cooke Gordon , Byrne Joseph P.
Published: November 2024

Glycoconjugates are known to interact with carbohydrate-binding proteins involved in adhesion by pathogens, and offer opportunities for designing antimicrobial agents. Metal complexes with Eu(III), Ni(II) and Zn(II) were prepared from glycoconjugate ligand 1Gal, which binds to P. aeruginosa’s lectin LecA. In vitro anti-adhesive activity of these compounds was evaluated for both P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. Choice of metal ion played a crucial role in modulating anti-adhesive activity of these complexes, with Eu(III) complexes most effective: [Eu⋅(1Gal)](CF3SO3)3 inhibits 47% biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa and [Eu⋅(1Gal)3](CF3SO3)3 inhibits 62% of C. albicans adhesion to buccal epithelial cells (both at 0.1 mM). The results presented demonstrate the potential for metal coordination for enhancing biological activity of glycoconjugates.
Impact of Flood-Related Malnutrition in Guyanese Lokono-Arawak Coastal Communities
Authors: Deebrah Kate
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the critical health impact of flood-related malnutrition, contending that it poses a significant concern due to its pervasive influence on the global population and enduring consequences across the life course. The analysis delves into the intricate disease pathways forged by malnutrition, emphasizing its role in elevating susceptibility to waterborne and vector- borne diseases. Through this investigation, the understanding of the interconnected nature of malnutrition and its intricate relationship with adverse health outcomes is strengthened, particularly in the context of climate change, environmental justice, and health. This research sheds light on the resilience of indigenous and coastal communities, showcasing their ability to mitigate the effects of flood-related malnutrition through alternative livelihoods.