bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA methylation: a potential mediator between air pollution and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Poursafa Parinaz , Kamali Zoha , Fraszczyk Eliza , Boezen H. Marike , Vaez Ahmad , Snieder Harold
Published: June 2022

Given the global increase in air pollution and its crucial role in human health, as well as the steep rise in prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which environmental pollution may influence MetS is imperative. Exposure to air pollution is known to impact DNA methylation, which in turn may affect human health. This paper comprehensively reviews the evidence for the hypothesis that the effect of air pollution on the MetS is mediated by DNA methylation in blood. First, we present a summary of the impact of air pollution on metabolic dysregulation, including the components of MetS, i.e., disorders in blood glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, and obesity. Then, we provide evidence on the relation between air pollution and endothelial dysfunction as one possible mechanism underlying the relation between air pollution and MetS. Subsequently, we review the evidence that air pollution (PM, ozone, NO2 and PAHs) influences DNA methylation. Finally, we summarize association studies between DNA methylation and MetS. Integration of current evidence supports our hypothesis that methylation may partly mediate the effect of air pollution on MetS.
Environmental impacts of mass drug administration programs: exposures, risks, and mitigation of antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Konopka Joanna K. , Chatterjee Pranab , LaMontagne Connor , Brown Joe
Published: June 2022

Mass drug administration (MDA) of antimicrobials has shown promise in the reduction and potential elimination of a variety of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). However, with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) becoming a global crisis, the risks posed by widespread antimicrobial use need to be evaluated. As the role of the environment in AMR emergence and dissemination has become increasingly recognized, it is likewise crucial to establish the role of MDA in environmental AMR pollution, along with the potential impacts of such pollution. This review presents the current state of knowledge on the antimicrobial compounds, resistant organisms, and antimicrobial resistance genes in MDA trials, routes of these determinants into the environment, and their persistence and ecological impacts, particularly in low and middle-income countries where these trials are most common. From the few studies directly evaluating AMR outcomes in azithromycin MDA trials, it is becoming apparent that MDA efforts can increase carriage and excretion of resistant pathogens in a lasting way. However, research on these outcomes for other antimicrobials used in MDA trials is sorely needed. Furthermore, while paths of AMR determinants from human waste to the environment and their persistence thereafter are supported by the literature, quantitative information on the scope and likelihood of this is largely absent. We recommend some mitigative approaches that would be valuable to consider in future MDA efforts. This review stands to be a valuable resource for researchers and policymakers seeking to evaluate the impacts of MDA.

Graphical Abstract
Physics-Informed Neural Network water surface predictability for 1D steady-state open channel cases with different flow types and complex bed profile shapes
Authors: Cedillo Sebastián , Núñez Ana-Gabriela , Sánchez-Cordero Esteban , Timbe Luis , Samaniego Esteban , Alvarado Andrés
Published: June 2022

The behavior of many physical systems is described by means of differential equations. These equations are usually derived from balance principles and certain modelling assumptions. For realistic situations, the solution of the associated initial boundary value problems requires the use of some discretization technique, such as finite differences or finite volumes. This research tackles the numerical solution of a 1D differential equation to predict water surface profiles in a river, as well as to estimate the so-called roughness parameter. A very important concern when solving this differential equation is the ability of the numerical model to capture different flow regimes, given that hydraulic jumps are likely to be observed. To approximate the solution, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) are used. Benchmark cases with different bed profile shapes, which induce different flows types (supercritical, subcritical, and mixed) are tested first. Then a real mountain river morphology, the so-called Step-pool, is studied. PINN models were implemented in Tensor Flow using two neural networks. Different numbers of layers and neurons per hidden layer, as well as different activation functions (AF), were tried. The best performing model for each AF (according to the loss function) was compared with the solution of a standard finite difference discretization of the steady-state 1D model (HEC-RAS model). PINN models show good predictability of water surface profiles for slowly varying flow cases. For a rapid varying flow, the location and length of the hydraulic jump is captured, but it is not identical to the HEC-RAS model. The predictability of the tumbling flow in the Step-pool was good. In addition, the solution of the estimation of the roughness parameter (which is an inverse problem) using PINN shows the potential of this methodology to calibrate this parameter with limited cross-sectional data. PINN has shown potential for its application in open channel studies with complex bed profiles and different flow types, having in mind, however, that emphasis must be given to architecture selection.
Mirror, mirror, on the wall: During pandemics, how can self-perception research in people with eating disorders happen at all?
Authors: An Zhen , Krug Isabel , Portingale Jade , Butler David
Published: June 2022

Background

‘Classic’ embodiment illusions (e.g., the feeling of owning another person’s hand) involves a three-way interaction between visual, proprioceptive, and tactile stimuli. These illusions have been studied in eating disorder (ED) populations given the potential implications for better understanding and improving body image concerns. Recently, several studies have employed ‘tactile-reduced’ methods mainly relying on the integration of visual and proprioceptive information to induce embodiment illusions in non-ED populations. To date, there has been no substantial review of these tactile-reduced approaches to consider their potential research and clinical utility in ED populations.

Method

This review sought to examine and integrate studies across three areas. Firstly, those that employed tactile-reduced embodiment techniques in non-ED populations. Secondly, those that used classic embodiment techniques to compare whether ED and non-ED populations differ in their susceptibility to embodiment. Thirdly, studies that investigated whether experiencing classic or tactile-reduced embodiment techniques can improve image-related concerns.

Results

For the first aim five studies were identified, all of which found that tactile-reduced methods consistently induced embodiment illusions in non-ED individuals. For the second aim, seven studies comparing ED and non-ED samples were found. ED patients were more susceptible to embodiment than non-ED samples in four studies, less susceptible in one study, and equally susceptible in two studies. Finally, for aim three, amongst the seven studies that used classic or tactile-reduced embodiment methods in ED populations, six reported improvements in self-perception (i.e., reduced body size overestimation, decreased body dissatisfaction and fear of gaining weight).

Conclusions

Along with the classic approach, tactile-reduced embodiment approaches have implications for ED research and clinical practice, particularly for situations when face-to-face contact with people are restricted. Suggestions are provided for future researchers who wish to ensure best practice for planning embodiment research involving classic and tactile-reduced approaches.
Pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic head cancer with cavernous transformation of the portal vein: a case report
Authors: Hirano Naohiro , Iseki Masahiro , Morikawa Takanori , Umino Yuuichiro , Aoki Shuichi , Inoue Koetsu , Nakayama Shun , Miura Takayuki , Masuda Kunihiro , Ishida Masaharu , Ohtsuka Hideo , Mizuma Masamichi , Nakagawa Kei , Kume Kiyoshi , Masamune Atsushi , Kamei Takashi , Unno Michiaki
Published: June 2022

Background

Cavernous transformation of the portal vein (CTPV) due to extrahepatic portal vein obstruction is a rare vascular anomaly. Since its symptoms usually appear in childhood, most of the adult cases are detected unexpectedly with other diseases. Only a few reports have described surgical difficulties in patients with CTPV. We report a case of pancreatic head cancer with CTPV in a patient who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Case presentation

A 77-year-old man with epigastric and back pain was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography revealed a tumor in the pancreatic head and a CTPV near the hepatic hilum. CTPV consisted of two main collateral vessels connected by multiple surrounding small vessels. Also, portal vein obstruction was observed near the hepatic hilum, which was far from the pancreatic head tumor. After confirming that there was no distant metastasis by a thorough whole-body search, we performed a pancreaticoduodenectomy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. During the operation, we carefully manipulated the area of the CTPV and omitted lymph node dissection in the hepatoduodenal ligament to prevent massive venous bleeding and intestinal congestion. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed without any intraoperative complications and the postoperative course was uneventful. Complete tumor resection was histologically confirmed.

Conclusion

Although pancreaticoduodenectomy for patients with CTPV involves many surgical difficulties, we successfully performed it by determining specific treatment strategies tailored to the patient and following careful and delicate surgical procedures.
Energy balance for a hybrid naval propulsion system
Authors: Mariana Panaitescu , Fanel-Viorel Panaitescu , Mihail-Vlad Vasilescu , Robert-Alexandru Daineanu
Published: June 2022

Introduction

The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis on the energy balance of the hybrid energy system and the mooring scheme for a container ship, as well as the energy balance of the electricity generating systems, from unconventional sources. The methods applied to achieve the main objective consist of analytical calculations and simulations in the ANSYS Fluent program for various positions of the analyzed system, as follows: a) technical characteristics of the container ship; b) elements of the hybrid energy system, which uses unconventional energy; c) energy balance of electricity generating systems from unconventional sources; d) connecting conventional and unconventional power sources to the ship's main power bar.

Results

Finally of researches, the results obtained are: a) the volume, mass and ascending force of the FLETTNER balloon with helium, assimilated with an airship; b) positioning scheme of large vertical wind turbines installed in the bow of the container ship and in the stern of the container ship; c) the energy balance of electricity generating systems from unconventional sources; d) schemes for connecting conventional and unconventional energy sources to the ship.

Conclusions

The calculation of the energy balance of the two types of wind energy capture systems depending on the speed of the ship, in ideal wind conditions and depending on the number of vertical wind turbines running, which use wind energy. Of course, it will never be necessary to turn on all wind power equipment at full capacity. The FLETTNER balloon can generate more power and for this reason, we must to present the number and diameter of cables needed to transmit electricity. Through this research, following the installation of the elements of the hybrid diesel-electric power system with energy from conventional (fossil fuels) and unconventional energy sources (a FLETTNER balloon with helium and four large vertical wind turbines) placed on a ship container portability, both the manoeuvrability and the stability of the ship, do not change fundamentally.
Species determination using AI machine-learning algorithms: Hebeloma as a case study
Authors: Bartlett Peter , Eberhardt Ursula , Schütz Nicole , Beker Henry J.
Published: June 2022

The genus Hebeloma is renowned as difficult when it comes to species determination. Historically, many dichotomous keys have been published and used with varying success rate. Over the last 20 years the authors have built a database of Hebeloma collections containing not only metadata but also parametrized morphological descriptions, where for about a third of the cases micromorphological characters have been analysed and are included, as well as DNA sequences for almost every collection. The database now has about 9000 collections including nearly every type collection worldwide and represents over 120 different taxa. Almost every collection has been analysed and identified to species using a combination of the available molecular and morphological data in addition to locality and habitat information. Based on these data an Artificial Intelligence (AI) machine-learning species identifier has been developed that takes as input locality data and a small number of the morphological parameters. Using a random test set of more than 600 collections from the database, not utilized within the set of collections used to train the identifier, the species identifier was able to identify 77% correctly with its highest probabilistic match, 96% within its three most likely determinations and over 99% of collections within its five most likely determinations.
Forex market forecasting with two-layer stacked Long Short-Term Memory neural network (LSTM) and correlation analysis
Authors: Ayitey Junior Michael , Appiahene Peter , Appiah Obed
Published: June 2022

Since it is one of the world's most significant financial markets, the foreign exchange (Forex) market has attracted a large number of investors. Accurately anticipating the forex trend has remained a popular but difficult issue to aid Forex traders' trading decisions. It is always a question of how precise a Forex prediction can be because of the market's tremendous complexity. The fast advancement of machine learning in recent decades has allowed artificial neural networks to be effectively adapted to several areas, including the Forex market. As a result, a slew of research articles aimed at improving the accuracy of currency forecasting has been released. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network, which is a special kind of artificial neural network developed exclusively for time series data analysis, is frequently used. Due to its high learning capacity, the LSTM neural network is increasingly being utilized to predict advanced Forex trading based on previous data. This model, on the other hand, can be improved by stacking it. The goal of this study is to choose a dataset using the Hurst exponent, then use a two-layer stacked Long Short-Term Memory (TLS-LSTM) neural network to forecast the trend and conduct a correlation analysis. The Hurst exponent (h) was used to determine the predictability of the Australian Dollar and United States Dollar (AUD/USD) dataset. TLS-LSTM algorithm is presented to improve the accuracy of Forex trend prediction of Australian Dollar and United States Dollar (AUD/USD). A correlation study was performed between the AUD/USD, the Euro and the Australian Dollar (EUR/AUD), and the Australian Dollar and the Japanese Yen (AUD/JPY) to see how AUD/USD movement affects EUR/AUD and AUD/JPY. The model was compared with Single-Layer Long Short-Term (SL-LSTM), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise–Improved Firefly Algorithm Long Short-Term Memory. Based on the evaluation metrics Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error, and Mean Absolute Error, the suggested TLS-LSTM, whose data selection is based on the Hurst exponent (h) value of 0.6026, outperforms SL-LSTM, MLP, and CEEMDAN-IFALSTM. The correlation analysis conducted shows both positive and negative relations between AUD/USD, EUR/AUD, and AUD/JPY which means that a change in AUD/USD will affect EUR/AUD and AUD/JPY as recorded depending on the magnitude of the correlation coefficient (r).
A three-parameter W transform and its application to gas reservoir identification
Authors: Chen Hui , Peng Lu , Chen Xuping , Hu Ying , Li Rui , Fang Yuxia
Published: June 2022

Time-frequency analysis (TFA) can reveal geologic information from seismic reflection data and has been widely used in characterizing geologic bodies, reservoir identification, and gas detection. To improve the energy concentration of TFA, we have developed an extension of the W transform (WT) which incorporates a time-varying Gaussian window that adaptively changes according to the characteristics of the seismic data. The new transform addresses a perceived defect in the original WT where the time-frequency amplitude peak can split at the dominant frequency of the signal. The three parameters of the transform are chosen through an optimization procedure that relies on the concentration measurement and Rényi entropy. We illustrate that our transform overcomes the dominant frequency splitting artifact of the WT and improves the time-frequency resolution by using synthetic data and field data from the Zhongjiang gas field in western Sichuan, China.
Vandermonde constrained CANDECOMP/PARAFAC tensor decomposition for high-dimensional seismic data reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Liqi , Wang Huazhong , Wang Benfeng
Published: June 2022

High-dimensional seismic data are inevitably affected by missing traces and random noise, both of which negatively affect subsequent processing and interpretation. Methods based on the low-rank matrix or tensor decomposition are used to reconstruct seismic data under the assumption that noise-free and complete data are low rank in the frequency-space ( f- x) domain. However, the presence of missing traces and random noise increases the rank of the data matrix or tensor. We use the Vandermonde structure of exponential bases of linear events in the f- x domain, which is in accordance with the plane-wave hypothesis, and develop the Vandermonde constrained tensor CANDECOMP/PARAFAC decomposition (VCPD) method for high-dimensional seismic data reconstruction. The modified alternating direction method of the multipliers algorithm is developed, and the rank-1 matrix approximation is adopted to tackle this constrained optimization problem efficiently. Numerical examples of the synthetic data and field data indicate that the proposed VCPD method is effective and efficient for reconstructing the seismic data in the case of randomly missing with a poor signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, the VCPD method is insensitive to the selection of the tensor rank and more efficient than the related state-of-the-art methods, which should lead to wide applicability.
Prediction and research of fracture distribution characteristics of the Chang 8 reservoir in Zhenjing area, Ordos Basin
Authors: Yang Guilin , Ren Zhanli , Zhang Yuanyuan , Qi Kai
Published: June 2022

The Zhenjing area is on the southwestern margin of the Ordos Basin where the tectonic activity is strong, and natural fractures are widely developed. As the main seepage channels of the reservoir, fractures significantly affect the accumulation of oil and gas. Therefore, it is crucial to study the distribution of fractures in this area. This study comprehensively used cores, image logging, field outcrops, and geophysical data to study the genesis and distribution characteristics of these fractures. The results indicate that the Chang 8 reservoirs in the study area primarily developed high-angle structural fracture-oriented northwest-west and northeast-east. We used five methods to identify and predict the fractures of the Chang 8 reservoir in the Zhenjing area: coherent volume fracture detection, a high-precision curvature method, a maximum likelihood method, a structural restoration method, and ant-tracking technology. After comparing and analyzing the prediction results of the five methods, it was concluded that the structural restoration method performed relatively poorly, whereas the maximum likelihood method was more accurate and better at fracture detection. It was found that the distribution direction of the fractures of the Chang 8 reservoir was primarily northeast-east and northwest-west, showing a strip shape. Oil and gas enrichment is obviously dependent on faults and fractures. The degree of oil and gas enrichment in the northeast-east-oriented tension-torsional fractures was significantly higher than that of northwest-west directional compression-torsional fractures, and oil and gas were more likely to accumulate at the intersections and tails of these fractures.
Relationship between view of context, psychosocial malaise and problematic internet use: mediation analysis using partial least squares structural equation modelling
Authors: Ferrante Lucrezia , Venuleo Claudia , Sternativo Giovanna Alessia , Rollo Simone , Cheah Jun-Hwa , Salvatore Sergio , Ciavolino Enrico
Published: June 2022

Background

According to more recent approaches on problematic internet use (PIU), using the internet can be seen as a way of compensating for psychosocial malaise. Taking semiotic cultural psychology theory as its theoretical framework, this study examines the role of affect-laden assumptions concerning the world, known as latent dimensions of sense (LDSs), in promoting (or not) adaptive responses, including internet use as a maladaptive strategy against problems and difficulties.

Aims

To test a theoretical model in which PIU is predicted by LDSs through the mediation of high levels of psychosocial malaise.

Method

We measured PIU (using the Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale 2), LDSs (View of Context questionnaire), negative affect (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule), social anxiety (Interaction Anxiousness Scale) and loneliness (Italian Loneliness Scale) in 764 Italian adolescents (mean age 15.05 years, s.d. = 1.152 years). LDSs were detected using a multiple correspondence analysis; after confirmatory composite analysis, partial least squares structural equation modelling with higher-order components was performed to test the mediation model.

Results

The results show a relationship between LDSs corresponding to an extreme negative evaluation of the sociocultural context, experienced as absolutely unreliable, and PIU through the mediation of psychosocial malaise (95% CI 0.101– 0.171; P = 0.000).

Conclusions

Overall, the findings suggest that PIU might be a way of compensating for unpleasant states in a context perceived in an extremely negative and homogenising way, i.e. as totally lacking resources and trustworthy people.
No decision about me without me? Shared decision-making in mental healthcare
Authors: O'Brien Aileen
Published: June 2022

Is there really ‘no decision about me without me’? This concept of shared decision-making is increasingly supported in the UK National Health Service and is to be welcomed. But the attempt to apply guidelines based on Western physical health settings to all psychiatric patients, across different cultural backgrounds, is problematic. Methodological difficulties when trying to apply the gold standard of randomised controlled trials to the real-life settings of mental health should be considered, especially when many patients with serious mental health problems are excluded, having been deemed to ‘lack capacity’. Should guidelines originating in physical healthcare settings really be applied to mental health ones? Does one size really fit all?
Transitions in development – an interview with Rashmi Priya
Authors: Brown Katherine
Published: June 2022

Rashmi Priya is a Group Leader at The Francis Crick Institute in London, UK. Her research combines genetic, cell biological and biophysical approaches to understand the complex morphogenetic events of organogenesis, using the zebrafish heart as a model system. We met Rashmi at the Crick to learn how she got started as a researcher, and to discuss the challenges of starting a lab in the middle of a global pandemic.
Genetic variance in human disease – modelling the future of genomic medicine
Authors: Lek Monkol , Hmeljak Julija , Hooper Kirsty M.
Published: June 2022

Summary: DMM is launching a new Subject Focus on genetic variance in human disease. Here, we discuss this ongoing series of invited articles and reflect on advances in understanding the genotype–phenotype complexities in disease.
A Noninvasive Tool Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Radiomics for the Preoperative Prediction of Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Chenchen , Lu Nian , He Zifan , Tan Yujie , Liu Yajing , Chen Yongjian , Wu Zhuo , Liu Jingwen , Ren Wei , Mao Luhui , Yu Yunfang , Xie Chuanmiao , Yao Herui
Published: June 2022

Purpose

This study aimed to identify patients with pathological complete response (pCR) and make better clinical decisions by constructing a preoperative predictive model based on tumoral and peritumoral volumes of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) obtained before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods

This study investigated MRI before NAC in 448 patients with nonmetastatic invasive ductal breast cancer (Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, n = 362, training cohort; and Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, n = 86, validation cohort). The tumoral and peritumoral volumes of interest (VOIs) were segmented and MRI features were extracted. The radiomic features were filtered via a random forest algorithm, and a supporting vector machine was used for modeling. The receiver operator characteristic curve and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to assess the performance of the radiomics-based classifiers.

Results

For each MRI sequence, a total of 863 radiomic features were extracted and the top 30 features were selected for model construction. The radiomic classifiers of tumoral VOI and peritumoral VOI were both promising for predicting pCR, with AUCs of 0.96 and 0.97 in the training cohort and 0.89 and 0.78 in the validation cohort, respectively. The tumoral + peritumoral VOI radiomic model could further improve the predictive accuracy, with AUCs of 0.98 and 0.92 in the training and validation cohorts.

Conclusions

The tumoral and peritumoral multiparametric MRI radiomics model can promisingly predict pCR in breast cancer using MRI images before surgery. Our results highlighted the potential value of the tumoral and peritumoral radiomic model in cancer management.
Virtual screening based on molecular docking of lysosomotropic compounds as therapeutic agents for COVID-19
Authors: De Andrade Neto João Batista , Marinho Emanuelle Machado , Da Silva Cecília Rocha , Valente Sá Lívia Gurgel do Amaral , Cabral Vitória Pessoa de Farias , Cândido Thiago Mesquita , Barbosa da Silva Wildson Max , Barbosa Letícia Bernardo , Cavalcanti Bruno Coelho , Neto Pedro De Lima , Marinho Emmanuel Silva , Cardoso Viana Gomes Akenaton Onassis , Nobre Júnior Hélio Vitoriano
Published: June 2022

Objective: Analyze lysosomotropic agents and their action on COVID-19 targets using the molecular docking technique. Methods: Molecular docking analyses of these lysosomotropic agents were performed, namely of fluoxetine, imipramine, chloroquine, verapamil, tamoxifen, amitriptyline, and chlorpromazine against important targets for the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. Results: The results revealed that the inhibitors bind to distinct regions of Mpro COVID-19, with variations in RMSD values from 1.325 to 1.962 Å and binding free energy of -5.2 to -4.3 kcal/mol. Furthermore, the analysis of the second target showed that all inhibitors bonded at the same site as the enzyme, and the interaction resulted in an RMSD variation of 0.735 to 1.562 Å and binding free energy ranging from -6.0 to -8.7 kcal/mol. Conclusion: Therefore, this study allows proposing the use of these lysosomotropic compounds. However, these computer simulations are just an initial step toward conceiving new projects for the development of antiviral molecules.
SUBJETIVAÇÃO E ADOECIMENTO NO TRABALHO POLICIAL MILITAR À LUZ DA PSICODINÂMICA
Authors: Ferreira Leonardo Borges , Dias Cledinaldo Aparecido
Published: June 2022

O trabalho policial militar é marcado por um contínuo processo de exposição a violências reais e simbólicas. Nesse sentido, este estudo tem como objetivo identificar como os policiais militares do Distrito Federal percebem os efeitos deletérios da organização do trabalho na saúde física e mental. De natureza qualitativa, o estudo utilizou-se de pesquisa documental e entrevistas, tratadas por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados auferidos demonstram que a organização do trabalho policial militar possui significativo papel no favorecimento de doenças físicas e psicológicas. Os agravos sociais incluem a frustração pela falta de reconhecimento e a autoculpabilização pela impossibilidade de cumprimento das demandas institucionais, sociais e familiares, especialmente entre as mulheres policiais. O estudo contribui para compreender que as dinâmicas que se desenvolvem no trabalho policial militar devem ser alvo de medidas organizacionais que permitam traçar estratégias gerenciais de prevenção ao adoecimento, além de formas institucionais de canalização e tratamento dos ônus ligados à profissão.
ANTECEDENTES DO BRAND EQUITY E CONSEQUENTES MODERADOS PELOS SERVIÇOS MAIS LEMBRADOS OFERTADOS AOS CIDADÃOS NO CONTEXTO DA CIDADE DIGITAL ESTRATÉGICA DE FORTALEZA
Authors: Castelo José Sarto Freire , Rezende Denis Alcides
Published: June 2022

Este artigo estuda as relações entre os antecedentes do brand quity e os subsequentes que são moderados pelos serviços mais lembrados no contexto dos subprojetos estratégicos da cidade digital de Fortaleza. O marco conceitual é a literatura de última geração sobre brand equity e cidade digital estratégica. O estudo baseia-se em percepções individuais, coletadas por meio de uma pesquisa realizada via redes sociais com amostra não probabilística, composta por 191 cidadãos usuários dos serviços oferecidos no site de Fortaleza. A modelagem de equações estruturais foi utilizada para testar as hipóteses, e os resultados mostram que a atitude do cidadão, na preferência dos serviços de Fortaleza, na intenção de uso desses, é moderada, quando os serviços mais lembrados estão presentes, contribuindo, assim, para a literatura de marca e estratégias para as cidades digitais.
Corporate Ethics: Philosophical Concepts Guiding Business Practices
Authors: Dimitriou Dimitrios
Published: June 2022

In the highly competitive global market, characterized by rapid political, economic, environmental and technological changes, there has been an increased interest in the role of ethics for shaping corporate actions and highlighting the essential tasks and measures to fulfill two generic missions: support enterprises to make distinctive, lasting and substantial improvements in their performance and build a great firm that attracts, develops, excites and retains exceptional people. This paper addresses the issues arising from opposing forces, namely on the one hand the extremely challenging external environment and on the other hand the increasing demand for responsible business behaviour and ethical decision-making focused on the shared and sustained value creation to serve the interests of all stakeholders, society and the environment. Primary objective is to provide coherent and compact definitions for the key values dealing with professionalism, equality and sustainability that should be clearly defined, thus providing the key drivers for creating a working environment that inspires and motivates employees on one hand; and promote each enterprise socioeconomic footprint in the regional and global business ecosystem. When handling the concepts of responsibility, ethical codes, integrity or trust, philosophy provides an invaluable framework and a foundational basis on which to create and maintain sustainable structures and processes for the business of the new era.
Τα γυναικεία πρόσωπα στο τραγούδι του Μάνου Χατζιδάκι και του Νίκου Γκάτσου
Authors: Καρέλλη Ιωάννα
Published: June 2022

Η εργασία αυτή αποτελεί μια χαρτογράφηση των γυναικείων μορφών στους στίχους και στα ποιήματα του Νίκου Γκάτσου και του Μάνου Χατζιδάκι τα οποία μελοποιήθηκαν από τον τελευταίο. Διαρθρώνεται σε δύο μέρη: στο πρώτο, παρουσιάζεται μια καταγραφή των κυριότερων γεγονότων στους χώρους, όπου οι δύο πρωταγωνιστές δημιουργούν τραγούδι (θέατρο, κινηματογράφος, χορός, δισκογραφία), παρουσιάζονται τα εργοβιογραφικά τους σημειώματα και επισημαίνονται σε αυτά σημεία σύγκλισης. Στο δεύτερο μέρος, αναλύονται με χρονολογική σειρά οι ηρωίδες του τραγουδιού, διαρθρωμένες σε τρεις περιόδους: στην Α΄ περίοδο, από το 1943, έτος συγγραφής της "Αμοργού", έως το 1965, έτος κυκλοφορίας του πρώτου κύκλου τραγουδιών ("Μυθολογία"), στη Β΄, από το 1966 έως το 1971, όταν ο Χατζιδάκις διαμένει στη Νέα Υόρκη, και στην Γ΄, από το 1972, έτος κυκλοφορίας του εμβληματικού δίσκου "Ο Μεγάλος Ερωτικός" έως το 1994, έτος θανάτου του Χατζιδάκι. Οι ηρωίδες του τραγουδιού φαίνεται να έχουν σπειροειδή εξέλιξη στη μορφή τους, δηλαδή, οι δύο δημιουργοί, αξιοποιώντας ως πυρηνικές τις ηρωίδες των πρώτων χρόνων του τραγουδιού, εμπλουτίζουν με στοιχεία τους τις κατοπινές μορφές. Μέχρι τα τέλη της δεκαετίας του ‘60, κατά το πρότυπο των υπερρεαλιστών, κυριαρχεί η μορφή της γυναίκας-παιδί, της γυναίκας-λουλούδι και της γυναίκας-αστέρι, τη δεκαετία του ‘70, στη γραφή του Γκάτσου, κάνει την εμφάνισή της μια καθόλα υπαρκτή γυναίκα-σύντροφος, και τη δεκαετία του ’80, εισάγεται, πάλι στη γραφή του Γκάτσου, η μητέρα-γη, μια σκοτεινή γυναικεία θεϊκή ύπαρξη, η οποία περιμένει να ξεκουράσει στην αγκαλιά της τους θνητούς που πλησιάζουν στον θάνατο. Την ίδια εποχή, στους στίχους του Χατζιδάκι, είναι έντονη η παρουσία της επαναστατημένης γυναίκας. Η στενή και σταθερή συνεργασία του Γκάτσου και του Χατζιδάκι, η οποία κράτησε σχεδόν μισό αιώνα, αποτυπώνει στις ηρωίδες του τραγουδιού τη μεταξύ τους συνεννόηση για το πλάσιμο ενός μύθου, ο οποίος αντλείται από την αρχαιοελληνική και νεοελληνική παράδοση, από τη μετάπλαση της πρώτης σε σύγχρονά τους καλλιτεχνικά δημιουργήματα, από το προσωπικό βίωμα και από την ιστορία. Η αλληλεπίδραση που ασκεί ο ένας στον άλλο φανερώνεται σε επίπεδο ιδέας και λόγου, ώστε οι διασταυρούμενες αυτές γραφές δημιουργούν μια αίσθηση διαλόγου ανάμεσα στις ηρωίδες.
Detection of mecA gene and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from milk and risk factors from farms in Probolinggo, Indonesia
Authors: Rafif Khairullah Aswin , Rehman Saifur , Agus Sudjarwo Sri , Helmi Effendi Mustofa , Chasyer Ramandinianto Sancaka , Aega Gololodo Maria , Widodo Agus , Hendriana Priscilia Riwu Katty , Ayu Kurniawati Dyah
Published: June 2022

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is commonly found in dairy cows and is a source of contamination in milk. S. aureus that are resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics are referred to as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The spread of MRSA cannot be separated from sanitation management during milking; it can originate from milk collected from the udder or from the hands of farmers during the milking process. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of MRSA contamination in dairy cow's milk and farmer's hand swabs.

Methods: A total of 109 samples of dairy cow’s milk and 41 samples of farmers’ hand swabs were collected at a dairy farm in Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia. Samples were cultured and purified using mannitol salt agar (MSA). The profile of S. aureus resistance was established by disk diffusion test using a disk of beta-lactam antibiotics, namely oxacillin and cefoxitin.

Results: The S. aureus isolates that were resistant to oxacillin and cefoxitin antibiotics were then tested for oxacillin resistance screening agar base (ORSAB) as a confirmation test for MRSA identity. S. aureus isolates suspected to be MRSA were then tested genotypically by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to detect the presence of the mecA gene. The results of the isolation and identification found 80 isolates (53.33%) of S. aureus. The results of the resistance test found that 42 isolates (15%) of S. aureus were resistant to oxacillin and 10 isolates (12.5%) were resistant to cefoxitin. The ORSAB test found as many as 20 isolates (47.62%) were positive for MRSA. In PCR testing to detect the presence of the mecA gene, three isolates (30%) were positive for the mecA gene.

Conclusions: This study shows that several S. aureus isolates were MRSA and had the gene encoding mecA in dairy farms.
The Jamaica salt consumption, Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (Salt-KAP) study: A research protocol
Authors: Ferguson Trevor S. , Webster-Kerr Karen , Tulloch-Reid Marshall K. , Bennett Nadia R. , Ho James , Davidson Tamu , Grant Andriene , Gordon-Johnson Kelly-Ann , Govia Ishtar , Soares-Wynter Suzanne , Younger-Coleman Novie , McKenzie Joette , Walker Evelyn , Anderson Simon , Edwards Sharmaine , Spence Simone
Published: June 2022

Background: Excess dietary salt consumption is a major contributor to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Public education programs on the dangers of high salt intake, and population level interventions to reduce the salt content in foods are possible strategies to address this problem. In Jamaica, there are limited data on the levels of salt consumption and the population’s knowledge and practices with regards to salt consumption. This study therefore aims to obtain baseline data on salt consumption, salt content in foods sold in restaurants, and evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Jamaicans regarding salt consumption.

Methods: The study is divided into four components. Component 1 will be a secondary analysis of data on urinary sodium from spot urine samples collected as part of a national survey, the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2016-2017. Component 2 will be a survey of chain and non-chain restaurants in Jamaica, to estimate the sodium content of foods sold in restaurants. Component 3 is another national survey, this time on a sample 1,200 individuals to obtain data on knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding salt consumption and estimation of urinary sodium excretion. Component 4 is a validation study to assess the level of agreement between spot urine sodium estimates and 24-hour urinary sodium from 120 individuals from Component 3.

Discussion: This study will provide important baseline data on salt consumption in Jamaica and will fulfil the first components of the World Health Organization SHAKE Technical Package for Salt Reduction. The findings will serve as a guide to Jamaica’s Ministry of Health and Wellness in the development of a national salt reduction program. Findings will also inform interventions to promote individual and population level sodium reduction strategies as the country seeks to achieve the national target of a 30% reduction in salt consumption by 2025.
Pitch-angle anisotropy and differential rigidity spectra of cosmic rays during GLE on May 2 and 6, 1998
Authors: Lukovnikova Anna , Sdobnov Valeriy
Published: June 2022

Using data from the worldwide network of neutron monitors (39 stations) and the method of global spectrographic survey, we have studied pitch-angle anisotropy and differential rigidity spectra of cosmic rays during the ground level enhancements on May 2 and 6, 1998. We obtained differential rigidity spectra of solar cosmic rays in these events and determined the maximum rigidities to which protons accelerated. The maximum rigidities of accelerated protons during the ground level enhancements on May 2 was ~2.4; on May 6, ~1.8 GV. The revealed bidirectional pitch-angle anisotropy indicates that Earth was in the IMF loop structure during these events.
Geomagnetic pulsations in 1–4 mHz frequency range (Pc5/Pi3) in the magnetotail at different levels of disturbances in the interplanetary medium
Authors: Yagova Nadezhda , Kozyreva Olga , Nosikova Nataliya
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we study parameters of geomagnetic pulsations in the 1–4 mHz frequency range (Pc5/Pi3) in the magnetotail, utilizing data obtained by Cluster satellites at different levels of fluctuations in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and the solar wind dynamic pressure in 2016. Particular attention is given to the conditions of “zero” disturbance when amplitudes of fluctuations in the interplanetary medium are smaller compared to their typical values. Both under quiet and disturbed conditions, waves of different spatial scales are recorded, with the occurrence rate of large-scale waves increasing under undisturbed conditions. Amplitudes of the large-scale waves occurring in the magnetotail under low intensity of fluctuations outside the magnetosphere are from few tenths to a few nanoteslas (nT), and their power is approximately equal in longitudinal and transverse components. Presumably, these waves are magnetotail eigen-modes.
Sailing against the Law Tides
Authors: Bolzoni Magda , Donatiello Davide , Giannetto Leila
Published: June 2022

Over the past decade, asylum seekers and refugees arriving in Italy were accommodated in reception facilities located not only in large metropolitan centres but also in Small-medium Towns and Rural Areas (STRAs). Italy’s reception system evolved quickly to face the peaks of asylum applications, especially in the 2015-2017 period. At the same time, the changes in Italy’s reception policies were pushed by the increased polarisation in the asylum debate, which, in turn, has led to great heterogeneity in the development of reception practices.

This paper argues that the reception-territory nexus is a critical dimension to focus on when investigating the implications connected to the arrival and establishment of asylum seekers and refugees. This appears particularly true in STRAs where the reception system provided new resources that, when well-managed, showed transformative potential, developing virtuous interconnections with the local territories and communities. These virtuous interconnections have, however, been affected by the continuous changes in reception policies and came to a critical juncture in 2018, when the so-called Security Decree entered into force. While further modifications are currently underway, such legislation profoundly affected the Italian reception system’s functioning and working principles, creating new frictions and tensions among institutional actors and within the local governance of the reception system itself. We argue that the reform contributed to disrupting, both materially and symbolically, the previous virtuous combination of refugee inclusion and local development, especially in STRAs.

Our situated qualitative analysis – carried out between 2019 and 2020 through discursive in-depth interviews – investigates the interconnections between territory and reception in three small to medium-sized towns and rural areas before and after this regulatory shift. It does so by introducing a novel analytic framework, focusing on symbolic and material aspects within and around reception. The analysis suggests that the stress and disruptions connected to the regulatory changes have had a negative impact on the internal organisation of the reception as well as on the refugees’ inclusion and on the chances of local development.

* This article belongs to a special issue on "Refugee Migration to Europe – Challenges and Potentials for Cities and Regions".
An Integrated Review of The Factors Influencing Aggression in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Jung Miran , Hong Yeong Seon
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the aggressive characteristics of children and adolescents with ASD through an integrated literature review.Methods: Data collection was conducted for papers published in Korean or English language from December 2018 to February 2019. Literature search was conducted through keywords, such as 'autism', 'ASD', 'autistic', 'asperger', 'agress', 'violence', 'SIB', 'child', and 'adolescent', and 19 papers were finally selected. In order to identify the aggressive behavior characteristics and influencing factors of children and adolescents with ASD, the contents of the core results were analyzed through repeated review of research results.Results: Characteristics related to aggression in children and adolescents with ASD were classified into biological factors, cognitive factors, social factors, and affective-emotional factors, and related variables affecting aggression were identified with each topic.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that the basis for the development of accessible interventions for children and adolescents with ASD and their caregivers can be prepared.
Effects of a Horticultural Therapy Program for Patients with Mental Illness
Authors: Kim Hyang Hee , Choi Bong-Sil , Sung Ji Eun
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of the Horticultural Therapy Program on interpersonal relations, self-efficacy, and stress awareness for patients with mental illness.Methods: This was a non-equivalent control group pre and post-test design study. Participants were recruited from a closed ward of mental health hospitals located in the G city. 23 patients from two hospitals were in the experimental group and 20 patients from four hospitals were in the control group. A ninety-minute horticultural program was performed once a week for 8 weeks.Results: Results revealed that the Horticultural Therapy Program was effective for self-efficacy (z=-3.06 p=.002) and stress awareness (z=2.92, p=.004) for patients with mental illnesses.Conclusion: These results indicate that the Horticultural Therapy Program is effective for self-efficacy and stress awareness in patients with mental illnesses. Therefore, the Horticultural Therapy Program is recommended as an effective psychiatric nursing intervention for mental health promotion and rehabilitation.
Policy limitations and constraints to exclusive breastfeeding among working mothers in low- and middle-income countries: the Nigeria case
Authors: Nwaodu-Ufomba Linda
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims

The rapid increase in Nigeria's female labour participation poses a risk to exclusive breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding is the beneficial process of feeding an infant with breastmilk only during the first 6 months. This study aims to assess the extent to which Nigerian policy addresses barriers and contributes to improved exclusive breastfeeding rates among working mothers in Nigeria.

Methods

The study used a dual qualitative methodological approach, consisting of a literature review and policy analysis. The literature review identified barriers to exclusive breastfeeding among working mothers while the policy analysis evaluated the content of the national policy on infant and young child feeding in Nigeria (2010) and the Labour Act (2004).

Results

The findings revealed work-related, maternal and social factors were barriers to exclusive breastfeeding. The policy documents addressed these barriers to an extent but showed minimal coherence.

Conclusions

There are still disparities between policies and their implementation, which are attributable to inadequate clarity and insufficient mechanisms to spur policy compliance. The government should adopt evidence-based mechanisms and engage nutritionists in policy formulation and implementation. In addition, maternity leave in Nigeria should be increased to 6 months to allow working mothers to breastfeed. Myths on child nutrition should also be debunked.