bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and forecasting of road traffic mortalities in Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Navid Feroze  , Kamran Abbas  , Sumaira Rashid  , Azhar Saleem
Published: May 2023

Objective: To analyse road traffic accident mortalities in a geographical region.
Method: The retrospective study was conducted in Azad Jammu and Kashmir based on secondary data from 2004 to 2017 collected from the police department. Duncan’s multiple range test was used to assess the trends in road traffic accident fatalities with respect to districts and divisions. Different goodness-of-fit criteria were used to compare the performance of different regression models to analyse road traffic accident mortalities with respect to vehicle ownership. The parsimonious time series model was used to forecast the future trends of road traffic accident mortalities. R 3.6.0 software was used for data analysis.
Results: There were 5263 major road traffic accidents during the period studied, causing 2317 deaths and 12963 injuries. The number of mortalities in Mirpur division was 923(39.8%), in Muzaffarabad 794(34.3%), and inss Poonch 600(25.9%). The rates of road traffic accident mortalities per 100,000 population increased up to year 2010 and dropped slowly afterwards (Figure 1C). Some disparities were noted among different districts and divisions with respect to road traffic accident mortalities. Based on different goodness-of-fit criteria, the Smeed’s model was found to be the most efficient model to analyse the trends of road traffic accident mortalities with respect to vehicle ownership (Table 1). The forecast for road traffic accident mortalities exhibited some fluctuations in the start and a uniform trend afterwards (Figure 6).
Conclusion: Disparities in road traffic accident fatalities across different districts and divisions of Azad Jammu and Kashmir were observed. Though the rate of road traffic accident mortality was seen to be decreasing since 2010, the situation is for behind compared to the global Sustainable Development Goals.
Key Words: RTA mortalities, Smeed’s model, Time series.
The Diabetic Platelets
Authors: Suneet Kumar Verma  , Sanjay Kalra
Published: May 2023

This communication describes the platelet morphology and physiology noted in persons with diabetes and its complications. It reviews the effects of glucose lowering drugs on platelet function, and summarizes the role of anti-platelet drugs in diabetes management.

Keywords: Anaemia, aspirin, aspirin resistance, blood, dengue, haematology, hyperglycaemia, platelet.
Colloid gastric emptying with SPECT-CT after oesophagectomy
Authors: Sana Munir Gill  , Mairah Razi
Published: May 2023

Scintigraphic analysis of gastric motility uses the rate of gastric emptying by measuring radioactivity remaining in the stomach at pre-defined points in time. It helps to assess unresolved symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorders such as gastroparesis. Delayed gastric emptying can occur in post-oesophagectomy patients. Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a common indication for oesophagectomy. In such patients presenting with post-prandial symptoms of bloating, nausea or vomiting, colloid scintigraphy can play a vital role in evaluation of their symptoms. We present an interesting image of a post-oesophagectomy patient with persistent gastric dilatation suspected of delayed gastric emptying

Keywords: Gastric emptying, Colloid scan, Esophagectomy, Squamous cell carcinoma
Therapeutic use of cannabinoids for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders: a potential breakthrough
Authors: Danisha Kumar  , Taimur Faheem Usmani  , Moeez Tariq
Published: May 2023

Respected Editor,
Marijuana, also known as cannabis, is a plant-based illicit drug notorious for its recreational purposes. However, in recent years its extracts are being extensively studied for their overall therapeutic effects. Active substances found in marijuana that interact with the endocannabinoid system are known as cannabinoids, the primary examples being 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD). These cannabinoids ligand to receptors such as CB1 (found in CNS) and CB2 (found in immune system cells) to prevent the release of neurotransmitters and modulate immune cell migration as well as cytokine release, respectively (1). In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in the neuroprotective potential of marijuana; however, investigators could not make firm conclusions about the effectiveness of these treatments. A comprehensive review by Bahji A et al. (2022) found an evident link between cannabidiol-based products and relief from the motor as well as behavioural and psychological symptoms spanning Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) (2). Here we discuss the effects of marijuana and its derivatives on the treating significant neurodegenerative disorders.
Dronabinol (2.5 mg) seemed to lessen the disordered behaviours as assessed by the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory in 12 patients of AD (p=0.05) (3). Sherman et al. (2018) reported the association of cannabis administration with weight and pain management in AD patients. The adverse effects are typically well tolerated at the levels supplied, even though cannabis is linked to an increased risk of euphoria, sleepiness and psychosis (1). On the other hand, for HD, nabilone (1 or 2 mg) had a substantial therapeutic benefit in a different 10-week placebo-controlled crossover experiment as determined by the overall motor and chorea score on the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) (4). Available reviews revealed variable evidence suggesting the clinical benefits of cannabis in treating motor symptoms in patients with PD. A randomized trial found that compared to a placebo, giving a single dosage of 300 mg of CBD successfully decreased tremor amplitude (5).
Neurological diseases, including  the  neurodegenerative diseases,  comprise  8.7% of the disease burden  in lower- middle- income countries (such as Pakistan) (6). Currently, there is no real cure for neurodegenerative disorders, only symptomatic management, such as dopamine treatment for PD or cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia. Cannabinoids might be the lifeline all neurodegenerative disorder patients have been waiting for.
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A Rising Endemic within a Pandemic: Impact of Inflation on Mental Health
Authors: Larik Muhammad Omar , Zoha Khan  , Maryam Urooj
Published: May 2023

Madam,
Inflation describes the increment in the cost of living over a certain period, occurring in light of extreme events that impact the economy. The current wave of inflation results from the coalition of events mainly stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, producing a myriad of economic disruptions. Rising food insecurity, hikes in electricity prices, and fuel costs leave families facing an unprecedented financial crisis. Moreover, the turmoil created by the recent flooding due to record-breaking rainfall affecting Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has fuelled the current inflation wave in Pakistan. The impact of such issues can be devastating in multiple respects.
The convulsion of the economy has given rise to mental health disorders nationwide, resulting in a decline in physical health. Those suffering from mental illnesses are more likely to suffer from chronic physical conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, and more1. A survey conducted by the American Psychological Association (APA) illustrated that 9 in 10 individuals perceive financial hardships as a major source of stress – notably greater than the perception during the pre-pandemic era2. Furthermore, it is common for stressed individuals to resort to unhealthy coping mechanisms, such as smoking3 – increasing the risk of pulmonary diseases and cancers, providing the evident association between mental and physical health. This shows the undeniable impact of the pandemic on financial constraints across the world.
Pakistan’s overall disregard for mental health has recently been corroborated. The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the “Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020” to improve mental health globally. However, as per WHO’s “World Mental Health Report” analysis, most countries, including Pakistan, did not adhere to the plan, highlighting the lack of consideration towards mental health4. Moreover, Pakistan lacks sufficient resources to handle an endemic wave of mental disorders. Having one of the lowest psychiatrist-to-patient ratios worldwide – with only 500 psychiatrists serving a colossal population of 220 million. These statistics substantiate the urgency to emphasize the indispensability of psychiatry as a career opportunity5.
Local authorities must invest in effective relief programs, especially for the impoverished disproportionately affected by the economic crisis. As a nation, it is paramount to possess readiness for intervention at times of psychological distress, and if left rampant, may enter a vicious cycle of deteriorating mental health, precipitating to deteriorating physical health, further crippling the economy.
Prophylactic anti-emetic use to counter opioid adverse effects in the emergency department: Is it doing more harm than good?
Authors: Muhammad Salih  , Qamar Maryam
Published: May 2023

Madam,
Pain is a subjective and multifaceted issue in the ER that presents in both acute and chronic versions. Patients often present in the ER with complaints of pain and are assessed by physicians and hospital staff immediately for pain-relief medication. In recent studies it was proved that complaints of pain have an emerging high prevalence. In a study comprising of 1665 patients, 61.2% had pain mentioned and recorded on the chart, 34.1% did not have pain, and 4.7% were procedures. The Pain was a chief complaint for 52.2% of the visits1.
The most common manner of treatment in the ER for pain management is the use of analgesic medicine, especially in the category of opioids. The most common parenteral opioids administered in trauma centres and emergency departments are meperidine, fentanyl, morphine, and hydromorphone. Although opioids serve a very integral and pivotal role in alleviating the pain in patients, it has certain adverse effects, including respiratory depression, drowsiness, pruritis, nausea and vomiting2, of which nausea and vomiting tend to be the most recurrent and frequent concerns. Patients feel that the severity of these side effects is more important than controlling the pain itself. For this reason, physicians routinely prescribe anti-emetic prophylaxis along with opioid medication. Anti-emetic categories used to prevent these side effects include Serotonin receptor antagonists (Ondansetron), Dopamine receptor antagonists (Metoclopramide) and Neurokinin receptor antagonists (aprepitant)3. Conversely, these anti-emetics have drastic adverse effects including, constipation or diarrhoea, headache, fatigue, blurred vision and dry mouth. However, serotonin and neurokinin inhibitors’ side effects of headaches and constipation are more pronounced4.
Recently, a study on 3785 individuals and after removing duplicate copies, 3157 were not aligned with the scope of the review, so they were removed during the preliminary screening stage. Eight articles were reviewed and three studies were selected for inclusion. This meta-analysis did not exhibit positive findings for anti-emetics having prophylactic effects on patients given opioid pain management. Hence, this analysis showed that antiemetic treatment with opioids did not affect the risk of nausea or vomiting5.
Conclusively, as a result of the abovementioned meta-analysis, it is imperative to understand that anti-emetics gives little benefit to the patient and do not alleviate side effects. Instead, they outweigh the analgesic benefits of giving opioids altogether, not just by causing discomfort but also by eliminating the cost-effectiveness of the medical treatment regimen.
Pluvicto - A novel treatment for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jilani Elahi Sana , Qureshi Fatima Asif , Wally Hiba Tariq
Published: May 2023

Respected Editor,
Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in men, and it is also included among the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Patients with metastatic prostate cancer who got androgen deprivation therapy were shown to develop Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC).5 mCRPC has increased expression of transmembrane protein Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (P.S.M.A.). This high expression of P.S.M.A. indicates a poor prognosis and is associated with decreased survival.2 As there are limited numbers of treatment options available currently, mCRPC is untreatable and deadly.4
For the management of adult patients with PSMA-positive mCRPC who were previously given androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (A.R.P.I.s) and taxane-based chemotherapy, the U.S. F.D.A authorized the use of Pluvicto earlier this year on 23rd March 2022.3
Pluvicto is the first of its type, a targeted radioligand therapeutic agent, which the F.D.A. has approved for the treatment of mCRPC patients. Its mechanism of action involves combining a target compound with a therapeutic radioisotope.3 This agent selectively attacks PSMA-positive cells and the surrounding microenvironment with beta-particle radiation because P.S.M.A. acts as a viable biological target for radioligand therapies.2,4
This drug boosts biochemical and radiographic response rates, lessens pain, and is said to be associated with low toxicity in patients with progressing mCRPC after standard therapy.2 Patients with a disease that was not responsive to A.R.P.I.s and taxane-based chemotherapy were noted to have improved overall survival rates with this drug.2
Side effects reported with Pluvicto include dryness of mouth, nausea, anorexia, anaemia, constipation, weakness, and lassitude.3 A few precautions should be taken when using this drug, such as minimizing radiation exposure during and after the treatment, increasing oral fluid intake, and frequently voiding to decrease the risk of bladder radiation.1
Pluvicto can become an essential therapeutic regime due to its high specificity for PSMA-positive cells and low side effects profile. This drug can bring a dynamic change in the medical world for the treatment of prostate cancer by improving the survival rate in patients who were previously not responsive to taxane-based chemotherapy and A.R.P.I.s. However, this drug requires additional studies and trials based on larger populations further to validate its use for the treatment of mCRPC patients and to provide alternative treatment regimens for non-responders.
Implication of testicular self examination as a valuable diagnostic tool for detecting testicular anomalies
Authors: Muhammad Nauman  , Mushtaq Rabeea , Asad Shahzad Hasan
Published: May 2023

To the editor,
In this letter, we intend to highlight a considerably submerged topic, testicular self-examination (TSE), in the belief of catching suspicious testicular growth early. Previously, an idea of self-breast examination was proposed with a similar principle of ‘preventing a late diagnosis of breast cancer’ and is now considered and promoted as a routine practice at various institutes. Though clinical breast examination was not found to be significantly correlated to decreasing mortality rate in women, it was, however, linked to down staging of tumors. (1)
Similarly, TSE in men is believed to help pick neoplastic growths, thereby promoting immediate implication of the management plan as testicular tumors are amenable to respond effectively to treatment, if diagnosed earlier.
On the basis of statistical evidence, testicular malignancies are commonly found to arise in cryptorchidism, Klinefelter’s syndrome, testicular microlithiasis, hypospadias and family history suggestive of testicular tumors (TT). (2)
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Outcomes and Their Predictors in Post- Intensive Care Patients Admitted With Traumatic Brain Injury at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Southwestern Uganda: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Atuhaire Evas , Murungi Eric , Atukwatse Joseph , Niyonzima Vallence , Namanya Joseph , Byaruhanga Chris , Kinkuhaire Betty
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. TBIs are increasing in Uganda, but little is known about outcomes and their predictors in post-ICU patients. This study assessed outcomes and their predictors in post-ICU patients admitted with TBI at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) in south-western Uganda.

Methodology: Retrospective study was used to review hospital records of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for MRRH with TBI. Data were entered into Excel, cleaned and exported to Stata version for analysis and presented as mean (standard deviation), median (interquartile range) and number (percent), while using the chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression as predictors for Post-ICU outcomes were used

Findings: In the study, males dominated at 73%, while 81% were of working age (15-64 years). Road traffic accidents (83%) were the most common injury mechanism, followed by physical injury at 11%. Length of stay in the Intensive Care Unit was 9 (IQR = 4–8) days, mean GCS at ICU admission and discharge was 7.7 (±2.65) and 10 (±3.27), respectively. Fifty-seven patients (63%) were discharged home; with 73% good recovery Glasgow coma Outcome Scale of hospital discharges. Post-ICU outcomes were associated with GCS at ICU discharge ( . Having moderate Glasgow Coma Scale on ICU discharge was 3.59 times higher of being discharged home than dying compared to severe GCS on ICU discharge (OR=3.59; 95%CI, 1.11 to 11.63). This study established GCS as a statistical predictor of patient outcomes at ICU discharge.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Based on the findings of this study, prevention of TBI is critical in order to reduce incidence of TBI related mortality. Policy makers to put rules that continuously teach and enforce road safety and traffic rules to all road users.
Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds Via Chalcone Derivatives and Study Activity of Some these Compounds as Pesticides (Anti-Dubas)
Authors: Mohammed Tiba Ibrahim , Hassan Shurooq Abbas , Abbas Abbas K. , Abdulazeez Rawaa N.
Published: May 2023

In this research, we synthesized oxazine and thiazine derivatives (3-6). These derivatives of chacone compounds (1 and 2) that synthesized from 4- hydroxyacetophenone and aldehyde derivatives such as, 4-bromobenzaldehyde and 4- chlorobenzaldehyde. These derivatives of chalcone (1-2) reacted with urea to produce oxazine derivatives as 4-[4-amino-6-(4-subsutitedphenyl)-2H-1,3-oxazin-2-yl] phenol (3 and 4) and thiourea to produce 4-[4-amino-6-(4-subsutitedphenyl)-2H-1,3-thiazin-2-yl] phenol (5 and 6). These derivatives were characterization by spectroscopy methods such as, FTIR and 1HNMR. Some compounds (3 and 5) that synthesized tested as Pesticides (anti-dubas) through the spray method and these derivatives killed Dubas and we noted the compound 5 was more active from compound 3 because compound 5 have been S atom in his structure that bonded in active group in dubas by effect on Cholinesterase enzyme in the insect.
FISIOPATOLOGIA DO TABACO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA DOENÇA PERIODONTAL: UMA ANÁLISE CLÍNICA E FISIOLÓGICA
Authors: De Almeida Agra Omena André , Harllen Gonçalves Veríssimo Matheus
Published: May 2023

O cigarro possui mais de 4mil produtos químicos, esses entram em contato direto com a cavidade bucal, e quando o indivíduo fuma, as substâncias ficam fixadas na boca, provocando várias alterações clínicas e fisiológicas na cavidade bucal do paciente. Este artigo científico teve como objetivo identificar, por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, quais as alterações fisiopatológicas em pacientes usuários de tabaco frente ao desenvolvimento periodontal. Esta revisão integrativa da literatura possui uma metodologia qualitativa, no desenvolvimento da seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: Quais as alterações fisiopatológicas em pacientes usuários de tabaco frente ao desenvolvimento periodontal? Para isto, foram utilizadas as bases de dados eletrônica: U. S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Cochrane Library, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Science Direct. Foram utilizados dois descritores para a composição da chave de pesquisa, sendo os seguintes (MeSH/DeCS): [(Tobacco Use Disorder) AND (Periodontal Diseases), (Tabagismo) AND (Doença periodontal)]. Em seguida, os pesquisadores selecionaram os trabalhos com análise no título e resumo, com base nos critérios de elegibilidade. O tabagismo impacta de maneira significativa no nível de 8-OHdG no sangue gengival e na capacidade antioxidante total no sangue venoso. Recessão gengival, perda de inserção, perda dentária e mobilidade dentária foram as alterações clínicas mais identificadas. Novas pesquisas são necessárias para avaliação do potencial terapêutico na administração de probióticos em pacientes com doença periodontal. Os resultados deste estudo responderam à pergunta norteadora.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA NA PREVENÇÃO DA DOENÇA RENAL EM PACIENTES COM HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA E DIABETES MELLITUS: PERSPECTIVA DOS USUÁRIOS DO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE
Authors: De Carvalho Figueiredo Maysa , De Souza Teixeira Leticia , Andrade dos Santos Lopes Rafaela , Henriques Rocha Ribeiro Fernanda , Nogueira Cortez Eduardo , Caetano Romano Márcia Christina , Otoni Alba
Published: May 2023

A doença renal encontra-se em linha ascendente de prevalência e a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e o diabetes mellitus (DM) são as doenças de base que mais acometem os rins. A abordagem preventiva é a principal ação para mitigar as complicações dessa doença. Objetivo: avaliar, na perspectiva do usuário, a capacidade institucional da Atenção Primária de Saúde (APS) em atuar com a prevenção da doença renal crônica em pessoas com HAS e DM. Método: estudo transversal analítico desenvolvido em município do centro-oeste mineiro entre os anos de 2021 e 2022.  Dados sociodemográficos foram coletados e foi aplicado instrumento validado para o português “Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care/PACIC”. Realizada análise estatística descritiva, bivariada e regressão logística multivariada. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 68 pacientes, sendo 44 hipertensos, 11 com DM e 25 com ambas as morbidades. Como resultados do PACIC, o valor máximo de pontuação (cinco), foi representado em três dos cinco domínios estudados: “Participação Ativa do Paciente no Tratamento”; “Modelo do Sistema de Cuidado/Modelo para a Prática” e “Resolução de Problemas/Contexto”, porém as medianas de pontuação destes mesmos domínios foram 1,7; 2,7 e 1,5 respectivamente. Já o valor mínimo de pontuação (um) foi observado em todos os cinco domínios estudados, incluindo o “Estabelecimento de Metas/Adaptação” e “Seguimento/Coordenação”, além dos já citados.  Ao analisar todos os domínios simultaneamente, a mediana do PACIC geral foi de 2,0. Conclusão: na perspectiva do usuário, ocorre uma inadequada capacidade institucional da APS na abordagem preventiva da doença renal em pessoas com HAS e DM.
AS DISPUTAS ENTORNO DA PRESERVAÇÃO DO RIACHO MACEIÓ NO ALVORECER DA NOVA REPÚBLICA: IMPRENSA, POLÍTICA E TURISMO
Authors: Cardoso de Andrade Matheus
Published: May 2023

As discussões sobre turismo, imprensa e política envolvem um processo o qual denominamos de “turistificação”, elemento que remete à uma série de investimentos e políticas urbanísticas no entorno do riacho Maceió, situado na orla de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. Visando compreender melhor esse processo e sua relação com o riacho, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a conjuntura histórica dos anos 1970-1980, refletindo sobre como tal conjuntura alterou as relações de poder do jornal O Povo e o jogo político da época, perceptível através da análise da disputa sobre um muro construído na foz do riacho Maceió, em 1988. Dessa maneira, percebe-se que a aplicação de políticas econômicas e culturais voltadas para o desenvolvimento da atividade turística reforçaram um cenário de forte especulação imobiliária na orla de Fortaleza e na composição de alianças entre a imprensa, o setor privado e público. Diante disso, concluímos que a análise crítica de tal conjuntura, em relação aos desdobramentos ocasionados pelas disputas entorno da preservação do Maceió, desvelam um cenário de intensas disputas políticas que estavam longe de serem garantidas pela simples mudança de regime político. O alvorecer da Nova República trouxe outros desafios como o turismo, a ressignificação cultural, ambiental e paisagística para as comunidades locais. Esse artigo vincula-se ao Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Patrimônio e Memória-GEPPM/UFC/CNPQ e possui financiamento da CAPES.
Ardubot - The Maze Runner
Authors: Mrs. K. Sowndharya  , K. Dharchana  , B. Jayasridhara  , B. Jayasridhara
Published: May 2023

The Avoidance of Obstacles Robot using IoT is a robotic system that is guided by the software we develop and makes use of IoT technologies to avoid obstacles in its route. The robot utilizes sensors to identify obstructions, which it then transmits to a microcontroller, which analyses the information and commands the robot's motors to change course. This kind of robot can be beneficial for a number of tasks, including exploration, search and rescue, and surveillance. The main challenge in building mobile robots is the ability to identify and avoid obstacles. The robots now have the senses necessary to navigate unknown environments safely owing to this technology. This project involves designing an obstacle-avoiding robot that can navigate around obstacles without colliding with them. It is a robot that uses three ultrasonic distance sensors to find obstacles and runs on an Arduino microcontroller. The microcontroller platform chosen was the Arduino board, and the programming was done using Arduino Software, the board's software counterpart. Higher accuracy in spotting nearby impediments is provided by the incorporation of three ultrasonic distance sensors. Being a fully autonomous robot, it navigated new settings without colliding with anything. The project's hardware is widely accessible and reasonably priced, making it simple to replicate the robot
Do usuário da informação ao sujeito informacional: reflexões sobre pressupostos conceituais a partir de pesquisas brasileiras
Authors: Araújo Eliany Alvarenga de , Ramos Rubem Borges Teixeira
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Analisar pressupostos conceituais sobre sujeito informacional, a partir de desenvolvimentos teóricos de pesquisas  (dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado) brasileiras na área de Ciência da Informação, selecionadas no acervo da Biblioteca Digital de Dissertações de Teses-BDTD, no período de 1998/2021.
Método: Esta pesquisa se classifica como uma revisão de literatura sistemática em termos da coleta de dados. As etapas de organização e análise dos dados se estruturaram a partir da técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo-DSC. Esta é uma técnica de organização e análise de dados qualitativos, que tem como fundamento a teoria da Representação Social. O DSC permite que se conheça os pensamentos, representações, crenças e valores de uma coletividade sobre um determinado tema.
Resultado: As análises desenvolvidas permitem considerar que o conceito ‘usuário da informação’ já não consegue representar de forma ampla as relações entre o sujeito social, a informação e os campos sociais vivenciados na contemporaneidade. Os pressupostos conceituais analisados permitem detectar uma transformação da compreensão sobre o usuário da informação como um sujeito informacional. Tal transformação se dá no sentido em que este usuário se coloca como um sujeito ativo que, de forma concomitante, busca, acessa, recupera e usa informações e, por meio destas ações, gera e socializa suas próprias informações.
Conclusões: Desta forma, os pressupostos conceituais analisados sobre o sujeito informacional salientam que este é um sujeito sociocognitivo, que se relaciona intensamente com a informação, por meio das práticas informacionais de busca, uso, geração e socialização. Neste intenso processo de atribuição e comunicação de significados, este sujeito relaciona suas necessidades informacionais aos contextos sócio-históricos vivenciados (campos sociais), bem como recorre a variados recursos sociocognitivos, que conforme os dados analisados, seriam linguagens, identidades, memórias e valores culturais, para gerar suas práticas informacionais e, desta forma, compreender e agir sobre sua realidade imediata, mobilizando outros sujeitos e grupos sociais.
4.VanDoore_onlinebijlage.docx
Authors: van Doore Anne
Published: May 2023

In de tabellen in deze online bijlagen vindt men het aantal respondenten per land, de componentladingen van de PCA en de formules voor de berekeningen. Zie voor meer informatie het artikel. 
1.Oomens_onlinebijlage.xlsx
Authors: Oomens Romy
Published: May 2023

Bijlage bij Mens & Maatschappij 2023-2, artikel Alles behalve country en western: een analyse van culturele omnivorisme in het Verenigd Koninkrijk: Winnaar van de Mens & Maatschappij Masterscriptieprijs 2022 door Romy Oomens.  

https://doi.org/10.5117/MEM2023.2.002.OOME

Deze online appendix bevat de beschrijvende statistieken van alle variabelen die de auteur in het artikel heeft besproken. 
4.VanDoore_onlinebijlage.docx
Authors: van Doore Anne
Published: May 2023

Bijlage bij Mens & Maatschappij 2023-2, artikel Werkende armen in de verzorgingsstaat: De effecten van geslacht, opleidingsniveau, beroepsstatus en leeftijd door Anne van Doore.   

https://doi.org/10.5117/MEM2023.2.005.DOOR

  

In de tabellen in deze online bijlagen vindt men het aantal respondenten per land, de componentladingen van de PCA en de formules voor de berekeningen. Zie voor meer informatie het artikel.
White Philanthropy
Authors: Morey Maribel
Published: May 2023

Since its publication in 1944, many Americans have described Gunnar Myrdal’s An American Dilemma as a defining text on US race relations. Here, Maribel Morey confirms with historical evidence what many critics of the book have suspected: An American Dilemma was not commissioned, funded, or written with the goal of challenging white supremacy. Instead, Morey reveals it was commissioned by Carnegie Corporation president Frederick Keppel, and researched and written by Myrdal, with the intent of solidifying white rule over Black people in the United States. Morey details the complex global origins of An American Dilemma, illustrating its links to Carnegie Corporation’s funding of social science research meant to help white policymakers in the Anglo-American world address perceived problems in their governance of Black people. Morey also unpacks the text itself, arguing that Myrdal ultimately complemented his funder’s intentions for the project by keeping white Americans as his principal audience and guiding them towards a national policy program on Black Americans that would keep intact white domination. Because for Myrdal and Carnegie Corporation alike, international order rested on white Anglo-Americans’ continued ability to dominate effectively.
Analysis of Hazards on Building Construction Sites: A Survey of Construction Artisans in Small and Medium-sized Construction Firms in Ghana
Authors: Asiedu Emmanuel , Danso Frederick Owusu , Osei-Poku Gloria , Dowuona Andrew Nii Nortey
Published: May 2023

Eliminating hazards on construction sites has been a challenge for small and medium-sized contractors. This has contributed to the high rate of incidents that have resulted in injuries, emotional stress, and even fatalities among construction artisans. To avoid these incidences on construction sites, hazards need to be easily identified by these workers. This study sought to analyse hazards that artisans in small and medium-sized construction firms in Ghana are exposed to during project delivery. A cross-sectional design was adopted in this study. In total, one hundred and twenty (120) construction artisans were involved in the study. Data analysis revealed that several hazards exist on construction sites, and experienced workers are more likely to identify hazardous situations on construction sites than inexperienced workers. The study categorized the identified hazards on construction sites into task-induced, site-induced, and human-induced hazards. Most of the identified hazards were related to task-induced hazards. Even though contractors implement measures to eliminate hazards, most of these measures are geared towards making the working space safe rather than addressing hazards that occur during the performance of tasks. It was recommended that teamwork and collaboration among workers be encouraged to ensure safe and hazard-free sites during project execution. It was also recommended that contractors allocate resources to tackle hazards that occur during the performance of tasks and provide psychological training and counselling for their skilled workers.
Evaluasi Pembelajaran dengan Google Classroom untuk Mengukur Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Lutfiyatun Eka , Kurniati Depi
Published: May 2023

Pembelajaran di Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Nurul Iman Parung Bogor khususnya pada mata kuliah Ilmu Kalam menghadapi tantangan dan problematika baru. Desain evaluasi yang digunakan adalah mahasiswa diminta untuk menjawab pertanyaan terkait pendapat dari permasalahan pada artikel ilmiah yang dikirimkan melalui Whatsapp. Namun, direktori tugas tidak terkontrol karena banyaknya pesan yang tertumpuk atau file terhapus. Akibatnya proses evaluasi tidak maksimal. Selain itu mahasiswa juga dituntut bagus kemampuan berpikir kritisnya sehingga perlu ada alat evaluasi yang dapat mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Tujuan peneitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi evaluasi dengan Google Classroom dan tingkat kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasisswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian ini sekaligus sampel adalah mahasiswa di kelas B Ilmu Kalam jurusan Akhwal Syakhsiyah yang berjumlah 159 orang yang dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini adalah evaluasi pembelajaran menggunakan Google Classroom untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang diberikan sudah mulai mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan dibuktikan bahwa rata-rata nilai akhir 82,68.
Implementasi Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Pembentukan Sikap Peduli Lingkungan Siswa MIN 2 Probolinggo
Authors: Mery Unawekla , Abd. Aziz  , Muhammad Hifdil Islam
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini ialah untuk melihat bagaimana cara guru menanamkan nilai-nilai Pendidikan Agama Islam dan implementasinya terhadap diri siswa dalam membentuk sikap peduli lingkungan siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) 2 Probolinggo. Dalam penelitian ini pendekatan dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanaman nilai-nilai PAI tidak hanya berlangsung ketika proses pembelajaran sedang berlangsung, akan tetapi hal tersebut juga tidak terlepas dari pembiasaan-pembiasaan yang diterapkan di madrasah baik bagi siswa maupun guru. Seperti sholat dhuha berjamaah, tahfidzul qur’an atau membaca al-qur’an, pengembangan bakat dan minat, penanaman pohon bersama, pembelajaran berbasis alam, dan program-program lainnya. Tidak hanya siswa, guru pun dituntut memberikan contoh yang baik untuk menunjang penanaman sikap peduli lingkungan pada siswa melalui nilai-nilai agama. Sebagai suri tauladan di sekolah, guru harus memberikan contoh perilaku yang mencerminkan sikap religi, misalnya mengucap salam ketika bertemu dengan siswa ataupun guru lainnya sehingga pembiasaan tersebut dapat dilihat dan dicontoh oleh siswa. Sejalan dengan itu, visi dan misi madrasah turut menjadi point penting, yakni PERMATA LIMA, DISISI BERLIAN (Peserta Didik yang Beriman dan Bertakwa Kepada Allah SWT., Berakhlakul Karimah, Ramah, Disiplin, Peduli dan Berbudaya Lingkungan).
قراءة التشبيه الضمنى في ديوان الإمام الشافعي (دراسة بلاغية)
Authors: Nurkholis
Published: May 2023

التشبيه الضمني فى ديوان الإمام الشافعى ورسالته القيمة من أبرز أنواع التشبيه ومقوماتها البلاغية السامية ، وهذا يصور على مدى امتلاكه الفكرية الحاكمة البارزة من شخصيته الحنيف، فكان الشعر فى ديوانه الشافعي الذي صاغه بالتشبيه الضمني قد تمَّ دراسته على المنهج الوصفيّ التحليليّ، وذلك بذكر المشبه والمشبه به ووجه الشبه، وذكر بعض سماتها البلاغى التي تتسم بها أشعاره. ومن أهّم نتائج البحث منها أنَّ التشبيه الضمني التى استخدمها الشافعى للوصول إلى هدفه وغايته العلمية، وذلك في إقناع المخاطب بنقل واقعيته إلى المخاطببين، فاستدل بدلائل البلاغى لصحة اقتناعه الفكرى، وقد ارشده الشافعي فى ديوانه وسيلة لتوجيه الناس وسبيلًا للتوبيخ للمخاطببين ، وقد ورد في شعره التشبيه الضمني  الذي تجري دماء الصورة في أوصاله على النمط الفنِّيّ ويتراءى فيها الشافعي وهو يصبُّ ماء خياله الخصيب وترتجف أجنحته البلاغبة محلّقةً في آفاق و أبعاد التخييل للمخاطبين
Pengaruh Metode SQ3R Terhadap Penguasan Kosa Kata Bahasa Arab
Authors: Azharunnailah Hana , Rinaldi Supriadi  , Nunung Nursyamsiah
Published: May 2023

SQ3R merupakan metode pembelajaran yang terdiri dari: Survey, Question, Read, Recite, dan Review. SQ3R kerap kali digunakan untuk membantu keterampilan membaca siswa. Menguasai kosa kata bahasa merupakan modal utama untuk mencapai aspek keterampilan kebahasaan yang mencakup keterampilan menyimak, membaca, menulis, dan berbicara siswa perlu menguasai kosa kata bahasa yang dipelajari. Penelitian yang akan dilaksanakan di MTS Al-Inayah pada kelas VIII bertujuan untuk mengetahui: pengaruh SQ3R dalam penguasaan kosa kata bahasa Arab pada siswa kelas VIII MTS Al-Inayah Bandung dan perbedaan hasil belajar siswa antara penerapan metode SQ3R dengan yang tidak menggunakan SQ3R. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain eksperimen semu. Dengan menggunakan skema Non-Equivalent Control Group Desaign.  Dalam desain ini terbagi menjadi dua yaitu kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen dipilih tanpa melalui secara acak. Pengambilan data menggunakan test dan non-test. Test mencakup pre-test dan post-test untuk menentukan tinggi rendahnya penguasaan kosa kata bahasa Arab. Untuk pengumpulan data non-test menggunakan observasi dan dokumentasi. Perolehan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) metode pembelajaran SQ3R memberikan dampak terhadap penguasaan kosa kata bahasa Arab siswa kelas VIII MTS Al-Inayah dengan peningkatan sebesar 28,85 dari rata-rata 52,30 menjadi 81,15. Hal tersebut dikuatkan dengan nilai signifikansi 0,00 lebih kecil dari nilai 0,05 yang bermakna  terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar kelas eksperimen dengan menggunakan SQ3R.
UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA IN A 15 YEARS OLD BOY: CASE REPORT
Authors: Abdul Ghaffar  , Saqib Udin Khan  , Kumail Sajjad  , Saeed Mahmood  , Muhammad Kareem Ullah  , Afsar Ali Bhatti
Published: May 2023

This report discusses a case of 15 years oldyoung boy who surprisingly presented late with huge congenital diaphragmatic hernia having stomach, part of colon, small bowel, spleen, tail of pancreas and left kidney.
COMPARISON OF LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS OPEN RIGHT HEMICOLECTOMY IN PATIENTS OF ASCENDING COLON TUMOR
Authors: Muhammad Muneeb Saqlain Bajwa  , Bilal Afsar  , Muhammad Ayaz  , Afsar Ali Bhatti
Published: May 2023

Background:  In addition to rectum, ascending colon and caecum can also develop cancer. Right hemicolectomy is the operation of choice for later two. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy is reported to have advantages of minimal invasive surgery, but some contradictory results were found. So the purpose of this study is the quest of truth.

Objective: To compare the outcome of Laparoscopic and Open Right Hemicolectomy in patients of ascending colon tumors.

Methods: This randomized Controlled Trial was conducted at Surgical Unit II, LGH, Lahore for 12 months from 2020-2021. Then 90 patients (45 in each group) were enrolled based on inclusion criteria. In group A, laparoscopic and in group B, open method was performed. Duration of surgery, hospital stay, wound complications and anastomotic leakage were noted. Data was recorded on proforma and analyzed in SPSS Vr. 25.0. Both groups were compared for duration of surgery and hospital stay by using independent samples t-test and for wound complication and anastomotic leakage by using chi-square test. P-value<0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: The mean age of patients was 52.31±13.30 yrs in laparoscopic and 51.18±10.74 years in open surgery. In laparoscopy group, male:female ratio was 1:1 and in open surgery group it was 1:2. In laparoscopy mean duration of surgery was 125.18±19.66 minutes while in open group it was 134.20±25.07 minutes. (p-value >0.05). In laparoscopy mean duration of hospital stay was 6.47±1.24 days and in open surgery it was 7.96±1.35 days (p-value <0.05). In laparoscopy group, wound complication occurred in 4 (8.9%) patients and in open surgery group, wound complication occurred in 7 (15.6%) patients (p-value >0.05). In laparoscopy group no anastomotic leak occurred i.e. 0 (0.0%) patients, but in open surgery group, anastomotic leak occurred in 3 (6.7%) patients (p-value >0.05). In laparoscopy group, pain was mild in 41 (91.1%) cases while moderate in 4 (8.9%) cases and no patients had severe or excruciating pain. In open surgery group, pain was mild in 32 (71.1%) cases while moderate in 10 (22.2%) cases and 3 (6.7%) patients had severe pain but no patient had excruciating pain. The difference was significant (p-value <0.05).

Conclusion: Thus laparoscopic method has advantages in terms of reduced hospital stay, less postoperative pain, wound complications and anastomotic leakage after surgery as compared to open surgical method.

Key words: Laparoscopic surgery, Open surgery, Right Hemicolectomy, ascending colon tumor, anastomotic leak, wound complication, stapling device.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES OF DISTAL RADIUS FRACTURES MANAGED WITH 2.7MM VARIABLE ANGLE VOLAR LOCKING COMPRESSION PLATES
Authors: Hidayatullah  , Hassan Udin Hassan  , Tariq Muhammad , Anwar Brig Adnan
Published: May 2023

Objective: About 15 to 17 % of all fractures presenting to emergency department constitutes the distal radius fracture. Intra-articular fracture of distal radius remains one of the most challenging fractures to be reduced over decades for orthopedic surgeons. Objective is to demonstrate the functional outcomes of 2.7mm variable angle volar locking compression plate using Mayo’s wrist score in distal radius fracture.

Methodology: A Quasi experimental study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics & Trauma, CMH Rawalpindi from 20th October 2020 to 19th April 2021. A total of 120 patients with distal radius fracture AO Classification A1 C2 C3, 19 to 69 years of age of both genders were included. Outcome of 2.7mm Variable angle Volar Locking Compression Plates using Mayo’s wrist score was calculated. Data was entered in SPSS version 25. Descriptive analysis was done for age. Gender and mayo wrist scoring criteria were presented as frequencies and percentages. To analyze association of the outcome with age and gender chi-square test was applied.

Results: Mean age in the study was 40.34 ± 8.01 years. Majority of the patients 71 (59.17%) were between 19 to 40 years of age. Out of 120 patients, 82 (68.33%) were males and 38 (31.67%). 51 (42.50%) patients had excellent functional outcome, 47 (29.17%) had good outcome, 13 (10.83%) had fair outcome and 09 (7.50%) had poor outcome.

Conclusion: The functional outcomes of 2.7mm volar locking compression plate using Mayo’s wrist score in distal radius fracture is very good.
EFFECT OF OCIMUM BASILICUM IN PREVENTION OF MURINE CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE INDUCED VASCULAR CONGESTION OF OVARIAN MEDULLA
Authors: Saba Saleem  , Amjad Saba , Sibgha Fatima  , Noor Ijaz  , Kanwal Sharif  , Sitwat Amna
Published: May 2023

Cyclophosphamide is one of the alkylating chemotherapeutic drug used in cancer patients that exhibits antifertility effects on female gonads. Ocimum Basilicum is a natural herb rich in polyphenols and is known to improve fertility. Objective: To determine the role of a natural herb, Ocimum basilicum extract, as a protective agent against cyclophosphamide induced congestion in ovarian medulla.

Methods: 45 adult female albino rats were divided in control group A, experimental groups B and C each having 15 rats. Group A rats received single dose of 150 mg/kg normal saline intraperitoneally on 8th day of experiment, while group B was given single intraperitoneal dose of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide at day 8 of experiment. Group C rats were pretreated with methanolic basil (Ocimum basilicum) seeds extract for 7 days followed by single intraperitoneal dose of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide at day 8 of experiment. All the rats were dissected 48 hours after the last dose.

Results: Cyclophosphamide caused congestion of blood vessels in ovarian medulla in group B and C. Congestion of ovarian medulla in group B when compared with control group A was highly significant with p-value <0.001. When observed in experimental group C, there was slight improvement in congestion of blood vessels. When compared with the group B, the difference was not significant having p-value 0.229. Conclusion: The results of the present study proved that basil seeds showed slight improvement in vascular congestion in ovarian medulla, when used with Cyclophosphamide as a preventive agent.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AND FIRST EPISODE OF FEBRILE SEIZURES IN CHILDREN AGED 6-59 MONTHS
Authors: Zafar Fauzia , Ijaz Samar Fatima , Sultan Muhammad Ashraf
Published: May 2023

Background: Febrile seizures are one of the most common types of seizure in children, affecting 2% to 5% of all neurologically healthy infants and children. Since fever can exacerbate the symptoms resulting from anemia, relationship between iron deficiency anemia and febrile seizure can be the main cause.

Objective: To determine the relationship between 1st episode of febrile seizures in iron deficient children aged from six months to five years.

Methods: This case control study was performed in Pediatrics department of King Edward Medical College in the duration of six months from January 2014 to June 2014. Two hundred and fifty patients of either sex, aged between 6-60 months, with first episode of febrile seizures were enrolled by non-probability convenient sampling. After obtaining demographic and clinical data, 125 children served as cases (Fever with seizures) while 125 children served as control (Fever with seizures). Hb, MCV, and MCHC, serum ferritin level of both cases and control was determined. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20. Odds ratio was found to find out the significant association between iron deficiency anemia and seizures episode in both groups. An odds ratio >1 was considered as significant.

Results: Iron deficiency anemia was present in 80(32%). Out of 125(50%), 34(27%) cases and 46(36.8%) controls have normal iron levels. There were 91(72.8%) of cases and 79(63.2%) of control who had low levels of iron in blood. The odds-ratio came out to be 1.55.

Conclusion: Considerable association was found of febrile convulsions in iron deficient growing age children. This predicts anemia as an important predictor of fever fit.