bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of urinary tract infection (UTI) in childhood: The LUCI study
Authors: Hughes Kathryn , Cannings-John Rebecca , Jones Hywel , Lugg-Widger Fiona , Lau Mandy , Paranjothy Shantini , Francis Nick , Hay Alastair , Butler Christopher , Van der Voort Judith , Hood Kerenza
Published: November 2019

Background Guidelines recommend the prompt diagnosis and treatment of UTI in young children to reduce the risk of renal scarring and possible long-term complications. However, the evidence for this association is weak and has been questioned. There is an urgent need to clarify this as the correct approach to urine sampling and diagnosis of UTI in children hinges on this association.

Main Aim Determine outcomes following UTI in childhood (<5years)

Approach We used the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank to access demographic, hospital, GP and microbiology data from children in Wales. Children with >1 microbiologically confirmed UTI (mcUTI) aged <5, were compared to those with no mcUTI. The primary outcome was renal scarring and secondary outcomes included hypertension, chronic kidney disease and renal failure. The primary analysis used multinomial regression and time to event models.

Results A cohort of 159,201 children was defined. 11,099 (7.0%) had >1 mcUTI.

The overall prevalence of renal scarring in the cohort by age 7 was 0.16%; 1.26% in those with >1 mcUTI; 0.08% in those with no mcUTI. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) was 16.62 (12.91-21.39) and adjusted 3.64 (2.57-5.14). Among the group with >1 mcUTI, predictors of renal scarring were VUR, younger age of first UTI, and greater number of UTIs <5

Conclusion UTI was associated with renal scarring even after adjusting for covariates.

The prevalence of renal scarring in children with >1 mcUTI was lower than expected. Possible explanations include poor coding in routine data, different patient populations or missed renal scarring diagnoses. We are currently validating our results using radiology data. If renal scarring diagnoses are being missed, a more proactive urine sampling and imaging strategy may be indicated. However, if renal scarring rates are low following UTI, this may not be necessary.
Careers guidance provisions and progression to post-16 education: An empirical analysis for Wales
Authors: Davies Rhys , Yunus Suhaer , Huxley Katy
Published: November 2019

Careers guidance is widely regarded as important in supporting young people in making appropriate decisions following school. However, there is very little empirical evidence as to its effectiveness. This paper examines whether the services provided by Careers Wales have encouraged progression to post-compulsory education in Wales. The paper uses administrative education data for 2 cohorts of school pupils who completed their final year of compulsory education in Wales 2012/13 and 2013/14. Through linkage to individual level client records held by Careers Wales, those pupils who had received careers guidance during their final 2 years of school are identified. Further linkage to records regarding participation in either school based sixth-forms or colleges of Further Education provides a complete picture of participation in post-compulsory education among Welsh pupils and how rates of transition vary among different groups of pupils, including whether or not pupils had had some form of contact with Careers Wales. Multivariate statistical analysis was undertaken to examine whether or not, after controlling for other characteristics, accessing the services of Careers Wales was associated with the likelihood of attending post-compulsory education. The results based on multivariate logistic regression analysis reveal that receiving careers guidance through the medium of group sessions increases the likelihood of overall participation in post-compulsory education. The effect of this is enhanced when pupils also received a one to once careers interview during the last 2 years of school. In general, careers interventions are associated with a reduced likelihood of attendance at Sixth Form but encourages student transition to Further Education. The study offers important insights for policy makers and career practitioners in terms of the contributions of careers guidance in supporting post-16 educational landscape in Wales.
The association between mother’s alcohol consumption during pregnancy and their child’s educational attainment and risk of hospital admission by age 14
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Amrita , Brophy Sinead , Moore Simon , Akbari Ashley , Paranjothy Shantini , Lyons Ronan
Published: November 2019

Background Heavy alcohol consumption by mothers during pregnancy is associated with developmental problems in their children. However, the impact of light to moderate consumption on the long-term health and educational attainment up to adolescence has not been established.

Main Aim To investigate the association between mother’s alcohol use during pregnancy and health and educational attainment of their children up to age 14 years.

Methods Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) children in Wales (1,838), with parental consent, were record-linked to emergency hospital admission data between birth and 14 years (1,795) and National Curriculum Key Stage-Three (KS3) (1,645) records within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. Mother’s self-reported alcohol use during pregnancy was classified into a) abstain; b) light (1 - 2 units per week/occasion, 1 unit = 8g ethanol)); c) moderate (3 - 6 units per week/3-5 units per occasion) and d) heavy (> 6, dropped due to a paucity of data). Cox regression estimated the risk of emergency hospital admission and multivariate linear regression models estimated the difference in KS3 scores by exposure group.

Results 71% of mothers abstained, 24% were light drinkers and 5% moderate. Light drinking was associated with children’s lower risk of emergency hospital admission (HR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.75 - 0.97) and better KS3 scores (β = 0.14, 95% CI 0.05 - 0.23) by age 14 years, when compared to abstaining mothers. Children of mothers who drank moderately had a comparable risk of emergency hospital admission (HR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.79 - 1.46) and a better KS3 score (β = 0.30, 95% CI 0.11 - 0.49), compared to abstaining mothers.

Conclusion Consumption during pregnancy of 1-2 units of alcohol per week/occasion was neither associated with an increased risk of emergency hospital admission nor poor academic attainment in children up to 14 years of age.
Assessing the health impacts of adults’ participation in sports: investigating the role of accessibility to sport facilities
Authors: Pouliou Theodora , Lowe Sarah , Higgs Gary
Published: November 2019

The health benefits of individual and group participation in sports are well-known. While a positive association between participation in sport and self-assessed health has been reported for England and Scotland, research has been limited in Wales. In addition, research examining the relationship between levels of physical activity and the accessibility of sport facilities give inconsistent findings.

This research project proposes to explore the potential association between the accessibility of sports facilities, sport participation and health. In particular, we will examine whether:

Accessibility to sport facilities contributes to participation in sporting activities.

Sports participation mediates the association between accessibility to sport facilities and health outcomes (as recorded in routine-health-records).

The association between participation in sports and health is independent of individual characteristics such as gender, socio-economic characteristics.

The data-sets used were: the Welsh Demographic Service Data (WDSD), the Patient Episode Database for Wales (PEDW), the Sport Wales Active Adults Survey (AAS) and Enhanced Recreational Database (ERD). Accessibility measures were derived from the SWERD, while the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was estimated as an indicator of general health based on PEDW data. The AAS was then linked to PEDW and the ERD. Appropriate regression analysis was applied based on the type of outcome explored.

Preliminary results showed that 72% of the adults participated in sports in the 4 weeks prior to interview and 39% of them participated 3 or more times. Accessibility to sport facilities was significantly associated with outdoor sport activities rather than indoor activities. Distance to a sports hall was significantly associated with sport participation. Adults with a chronic condition based on CCI were less likely to participate in sports. The study provided a unique opportunity to explore the benefits of analysing linked administrative and survey data, therefore contributing to current research on sport participation/accessibility and health.
Comparing Record Linkage methods for real-world perinatal and neonatal data without unique identifiers
Authors: Schnell Rainer , Borgs Christian
Published: November 2019

BackgroundData on newborns is regularly linked for epidemiological research. However, hospital data often suffers from incomplete data. We report on a linkage of two population-covering administrative health databases containing neonatal and perinatal data without unique personal identifiers and with incomplete information in standard patient identifiers.

GoalTo study the effects of a policy-induced change from linking a national database without standard patient identifiers to a privacy-preserving Record Linkage method, we compare the linkage system in use to clear-text and privacy-preserving Record Linkage techniques. We expected large proportions of missing identifiers since they are not needed for clinical practice. Therefore, we expected missing links caused by missing identifiers. To study the impact of these missing identifiers on these successful links, we compared several linkage methods. Furthermore, we study the variations of linkage success between hospitals.

MethodsPerinatal and neonatal data from population-covering real-world administrative databases was linked using several variants of state of the art methods, including Privacy-preserving Record Linkage (PPRL) techniques such as multiple match keys and Bloom filter methods.

Results We report on the variation of linkage results between the hospitals and give possible explanations for the differences.

The resulting linkage success is reported for each method. The impact of incomplete data on linkage success for each method is documented.

Finally, we report on the relative performance of the modified techniques compared to standard linkage procedures used in practice.

ConclusionImplementing a record linkage system based on identifiers not required for clinical practice caused a large number of missing identifiers. Since this information is essential for successful clear-text and private linkage methods, emphasizing the need for documenting patient identifiers, especially in cases where auxiliary information (such as stable addresses, date of birth or health insurance numbers) are missing, is of central importance for implementing a privacy-preserving Record Linkage system.
Geographical factors in access: investigating the impact of distance on the use of primary care extended hours, an administrative data study.
Authors: Murphy Jen , Whittaker William , Elliot Mark , Ravindrarajah Rathi
Published: November 2019

IntroductionNHS national targets mandate extended opening hours of doctors’ surgeries as a mechanism for increasing access to primary care, based on the assumption that unmet need is caused by a lack of appointments at the right time. Research has shown that other factors impact access and it may not simply be availability that limits an individual’s ability to access healthcare.

Aims and Objectives To determine whether distance, familiarity and deprivation impact on the uptake of extended hours GP services that use a hub practice model.

MethodsWe linked an appointments dataset to publicly available population datasets. With that linked dataset, we used negative binomial regression to model count data relating to uses of the extended hours service in one care commissioning group in the Greater Manchester city region. The dataset included 32,693 appointments across 4 hubs serving 37 practices.

ResultsFamiliarity and distance are important in predicting the number of uses of the extended hours service at a GP practice level. For a theoretical pair of practices collocated at the hub location, the model predicts a use rate of 101.2 for the non hub compared with 283.7 for the hub, a 180% uplift. For a pair of non-hub practices, one located the mean distance from the hub, the other located one mile further away, the model predicts 64.8 uses for the nearer practice, and 46.5 uses for the far practice, a 28% penalty.

ConclusionThe results indicate geographical inequity in the extended hours service. There may be many patients with unmet need for whom the extension of hours via a hub model does not address barriers to access. Providers should consider whether or not this type of model actually works to facilitate access. This is particularly of importance in the context of closing health inequality gaps.
Improving Data Linkage in Government Statistics: The National Statistician’s Quality Review 2019
Authors: Palmer Louise , Wroth-Smith Charlie , Edwards Anthony
Published: November 2019

Significant data linkage work is taking place across government, as highlighted in a recent review by the Office for Statistics Regulation (“Joining up Data for Better Statistics”). This review provided insights on the scale of the data linkage work in government and its potential future opportunities. Based on this we are conducting a National Statistician’s Quality Review (NSQR) on data linkage.

These reviews investigate topics of current statistical interest and innovation with contributions from subject matter experts. The aims of this NSQR are to report on state-of-the-art data linkage methods and join up government work on data linkage to break down silos and share best practice.

We have scoped key topics of interest and linkage challenges by searching the literature and engaging with stakeholders across government and wider. Areas of interest include quality assurance of linkage, linking more than two data sources, linking encrypted data and challenges with data sharing and access for linking. Following this we approached recognised data linking experts e.g. academics, the private sector, the Office for National Statistics (ONS), wider Government Statistical Service (GSS) and other National Statistical Institutes (NSIs) to identify state-of-the-art linkage methods. This NSQR will outline the challenges faced across the GSS and set out the steps that should to be taken across the statistical system, building on the state-of-the-art data linkage methods set out by the experts.

We will present our progress and provisional findings on the leading methods being discussed in the review, as well as potential next steps for facilitating a more joined up way of working across the GSS to improve data linkage.
One Size Doesn’t Fit All: Administrative Data Quality Frameworks for Production of Official Statistics
Authors: Correia Sara , Sim Jack
Published: November 2019

Background with rationaleThe use of administrative data is key to achieving the UK Statistics Authority’s strategy of Better Statistics, Better Decisions. Integrating administrative data into official statistics can benefit policy decisions by allowing the possibility of greater granularity and improved timeliness in outputs, while delivering efficiency gains and reducing respondent burden. Quality assessment and communicating uncertainty of administrative data sources is critical to their effective integration into official statistical outputs.

Main AimThis presentation will discuss the main challenges of quality assuring statistical outputs containing administrative data. The differences in existing quality frameworks and identified quality metrics will be discussed. In addition, the presentation will cover the need to tailor quality assessment to answer a specific research question that an identified source is being used for and the considerations required.

Methods/ApproachA comprehensive literature review was carried out, bringing together existing quality frameworks and metrics from National Statistical Institutes (NSIs) and academia for production of statistics using administrative data sources.

ResultsThe main challenges and considerations faced when quality assuring outputs produced using administrative sources have been identified. The quality requirements for different outputs across social, business and census statistics were summarised and a general quality framework for admin data developed. This framework draws on international best practices for use in the UK statistical system.

ConclusionIntegrating administrative data presents challenges can’t be solved by a one-size fits all framework. Through unifying available guidance, an adaptable quality assurance methodology has been created, enabling the use of public data for the public good.
Quantifying multi-morbidity in an ethnically-diverse inner city population: the health burden of households
Authors: Harper Gill , Lyons Jane , Fry Richard , Akbari Ashley , Ahmed Zaheer , Lyons Ronan , Dezateux Carol , Robson John
Published: November 2019

Background with rationaleNew insights into the wider demographic context of multimorbidity has been prioritised, notably among disadvantaged and ethnically-diverse populations with a high disease burden. We propose an innovative approach to quantify health burden and disease clustering at household level, to enable predictors of household multimorbidity to be investigated and understood.

Main AimTo quantify multi-morbidity at the household level using general practitioner (GP) electronic health records (EHRs) in a geographically-defined ethnically-diverse inner city population.

MethodsWe extracted clinical and patient address data from GP EHRs from four east London boroughs (Tower Hamlets, Newham, Waltham Forest and City & Hackney). We included currently registered patients aged ≥18 years as at July 2018, and excluded those with duplicate or complex registrations, new registrations in the previous 12 months, or registrations without historical clinical data or occurring prior to 1948, as well as inactive patients with no recorded EHR activity in varying years depending on age and gender.

We defined multimorbidity using 16 long-term condition Read codesets defined in the Quality and Outcomes Framework. We grouped patients into households, defined as those sharing the same home address on their GP registration, represented by a pseudonymised Unique Property Reference Number.

ResultsProvisional data are presented. We identified 737,920 patients (51% female) eligible for this study out of a total population of 1,171,483 currently registered patients. Of these, 23% aged <20, 69% aged 20-64, 8% aged >=65, 38% White ethnicity, 3% Mixed, 30% Asian, 14% Black, 5% Other and 12% Not Stated/Null. We identified 312,582 shared households among 737,920 patients. Analyses to derive household-level summary characteristics and relate these to multimorbidity burden are in progress and will be presented.

ConclusionHousehold-level multi-morbidity can be quantified using clinical and patient address data in GP electronic health records.
GRAPHITE: Geographic Information UK Secure E-Research Platform
Authors: Fry Richard , Mizen Amy , Akbari Ashley , Thompson Simon
Published: November 2019

BackgroundThe use of Geographic Information Science in administrative and health data research provides researchers and policymakers with powerful modelling capabilities when exploring spatial variations in health and social outcomes. However, there are challenges around using spatial data and associated modelling techniques in terms of computing power, skills, data quality and disclosure controls.

Main AimIn this case study, we describe our approach to overcoming some of these problems in conjunction with the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank (SAIL).

ApproachThe UK Secure E-Research Platform (UKSeRP) is a suite of technologies which can be linked together to provide a secure system to support a particular use case or data resource. We have taken this foundation and built a Geographic Information UKSeRP which is solely focused on the storage, manipulation and generation of spatial data and models to support administrative and health research. The GIS system is built around the Unique Property Reference Number (UPRN) which can be anonymised into a Residential Anonymised Linking Field (RALF) and provides a precise location of households across the UK. This system allows the user to generate high-resolution spatiotemporal models of geographically varying phenomena (e.g. access to services, fast food, alcohol, greenspace and pollution) in a secure managed environment. To support the geographic data stored in the platform there is a range of GIS tools (Python, R, QGIS, PostGIS, OSRM) and standardised methods available to users which sit alongside a data catalogue. Access to the platform is managed via an information governance review process on a project by project basis to ensure best practice in disclosure control and integrity.

ConclusionSpatial data and GIS techniques are an important resource for academic and policy researchers. The GRAPHITE platform demonstrates best practice for using spatial data when used in conjunction with sensitive data.
Evaluating ATC-ICD: Assessing the relationship between selected medication and diseases with machine learning
Authors: Weibrecht Nadine , Endel Florian , Zechmeister Melanie
Published: November 2019

IntroductionCoded diagnoses (ICD-9, ICD-10) are only available in routine data of the Austrian Health-Care system in connection with sick leave or inpatient hospital stays. Therefore, they only cover a small part of the population. Coded diagnoses from the outpatient sector are not documented.

The aim of the project is to estimate diagnoses based on filled prescriptions reimbursed by a public health insurance institution. The result is a model that can provide probable diagnoses (ICD-10 coding) based on individual medication (ATC coding).

MethodsBeginning in 2008 / 2009, the project ATC->ICD-9 has been developed by means of a statistical procedure. Here, hospital and sick leave diagnoses, as well as data on received medication are used to determine assignment probabilities.

In this project, we developed a new method to derive diagnoses from medications. Our method is based on the word2vec-algorithm: Patient histories are used as input phrases, so that low-dimensional embeddings of medications and diseases are learned. In the learned vector space, similar medications and diseases are close to each other.

ResultsTo evaluate our model, we compute the vector representation for medications and look for nearby diseases. E.g., the closest diseases to typical diabetes medication are different kinds of diabetes and retina affections, while nearby gout medications, gout and kidney diseases are found.

ConclusionFor the given examples, our model provides reasonable results. It does not only yield typical diseases to a medication, but also common secondary symptoms. This motivates to apply the model on further use cases. For example, given an anonymized list of patients, containing their medications, disease distributions of these patients can be computed.
The impacts of pre-apprenticeship training for young people
Authors: Dorsett Richard , Stokes Lucy
Published: November 2019

Apprenticeships are the key means by which the UK government aims to build skills and tackle the problem of youth unemployment. However, not all young people are able to secure an apprenticeship. Traineeships, a voluntary six-month programme of work placements and work preparation training, were introduced in England in 2013 to help equip young people with the skills and experience required to secure an apprenticeship or employment.

The analysis in this paper uses linked administrative data on the population of trainees and a comparison sample of non-trainees to evaluate the impact of the programme on employment and apprenticeships. It uses a local instrumental variable approach, which allows selection into a traineeship to be influenced by unobserved preferences and for impacts to vary according to these preferences. The heterogeneous impacts can be aggregated to form an estimate of the average impact of treatment for all participants.

The results show no overall impact on employment for younger trainees (16-18 year-olds) but an across-the-board positive impact on the probability of becoming an apprentice. For older trainees (19-23 year-olds), no significant impact on either employment or apprenticeships is evident among participants as a whole but the results suggest that, for those more resistant to participating, traineeships may actually reduce the probability of becoming an apprentice.

These results confirm the effectiveness of traineeships as a means of facilitating apprenticeships among younger people. As such, they support the policy target of achieving 3 million apprenticeships by 2020.
Donor-based imputation methods for admin data: How to replace the number of rooms question on the Census
Authors: Tietz Stephan , Mealor Andy , Leather Fern , Dent Ali
Published: November 2019

The Census White Paper recommends removing the number of rooms question and to utilise administrative data instead. Previous research demonstrated that Valuation Office Agency (VOA) data can be used for this purpose in principal. However, users of Census micro-level data expect a utility dataset without missingness.

This research project explored whether VOA number of rooms variable is suitable to undergo edit and imputation (E&I) within the standard census framework (i.e. donor imputation). We examined how linked admin and survey data challenges assumptions underlying the E&I process. We linked the 2011 Census with VOA data and attempted to impute VOA number of rooms using auxiliary variables from the Census to predict the missing and inconsistent values. This includes the question of whether we should allow questionnaire data to be changed where they are inconsistent with admin data.

We demonstrated that it is possible to predict VOA number of rooms from census variables, despite some assumptions being partially violated (definitional and time-frame issues, the possibility of subpopulations in the data). This was true for missingness prior to linkage and missingness due to a data linkage failure. Additionally, we successfully tested the design principal of favouring survey data over alternative data where the two are inconsistent.

We observed that some local authorities had large percentages of imputed data, and there was an increase in the percentage of properties where VOA number of rooms was equal to census number of bedrooms. This affects end-user interpretation of the data.

The result is not a general endorsement that all linked survey-admin data can be effectively treated by standard E&I procedures. However, our research can be used as a blue print for other proof-of-concept studies on imputing admin data.
People with cancer living in deprived areas of Wales are more likely to have another serious condition at diagnosis than those in the least deprived areas
Authors: Huws Dyfed , Thomas Rebecca , Howe Julie , Oddy Adele , Smith Tomos , Egan David , Long Tamsin , Shiell-Davis Kelly
Published: November 2019

BackgroundPeople diagnosed with cancer are living longer and whilst cancer survival is improving for many cancers, there is not the same parity for all social groups - older people and people living in more deprived areas often have more chronic health conditions. We examined the association between those other health conditions and cancer incidence, prevalence and survival for all Welsh patients, for the four most common cancers and all malignant cancer cases (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer).

MethodsWe extracted data on all malignant cancer cases from the WCISU’s population-based cancer registry for diagnosis periods 1995-2015. Cases were linked to a Cluster Network and to Patient Episode Database for Wales hospital data for the preceding year to establish pre-existing health conditions. From this, a Charlson score was calculated for each case - this is a validated score to predict risk of death and disease burden.

For incidence and prevalence, we calculated the proportion of patients with Charlson score 0, 1 and 2+, and proportions with each health condition examined. We calculated one-year net survival by Charlson score or condition. Where possible, analysis was by cancer type, age-band, area deprivation, rurality, sex and stage at diagnosis.

ResultsOne in four people were already living with another serious condition. Patients diagnosed in more deprived areas of Wales were more likely to have an existing condition at diagnosis. Survival worsened as the severity or number of existing conditions increased.

ConclusionPatients diagnosed with cancer in more deprived areas of Wales were more likely to be already living with another serious condition, showing a significant decrease in their projected survival at Charlson score 1 and 2+ compared to the least deprived areas.

This work will enable acute, primary and community care, and other organisations to understand the overall burden of ill health in the cancer population in Wales.
Data intensive science and the public good: Results of public deliberations in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: McGrail Kimberlyn , Burgess Michael , O'Doherty Kieran , Bentley Colene , Teng Jack
Published: November 2019

IntroductionResearch using linked data sets can lead to new insights and discoveries that positively impact society. However, the use of linked data raises concerns relating to illegitimate use, privacy, and security (e.g., identity theft, marginalization of some groups). It is increasingly recognized that the public needs to be consulted to develop data access systems that consider both the potential benefits and risks of research. Indeed, there are examples of data sharing projects being derailed because of backlash in the absence of adequate consultation. (e.g., care.data in the UK).

Objectives and methodsThis talk will describe the results of public deliberations held in Vancouver, British Columbia in April 2018 and the fall of 2019. The purpose of these events was to develop informed and civic-minded public advice regarding the use and the sharing of linked data for research in the context of rapidly evolving data availability and researcher aspirations.

ResultsIn the first deliberation, participants developed and voted on 19 policy-relevant statements. Taken together, these statements provide a broad view of public support and concerns regarding the use of linked data sets for research and offer guidance on measures that can be taken to improve the trustworthiness of policies and process around data sharing and use. The second deliberation will focus on the interplay between public and private sources of data, and role of individual and collective or community consent I the future.

ConclusionGenerally, participants were supportive of research using linked data because of the value such uses can provide to society. Participants expressed a desire to see the data access request process made more efficient to facilitate more research, as long as there are adequate protections in place around security and privacy of the data. These protections include both physical and process-related safeguards as well as a high degree of transparency.
Exploratory versus experimental design: overcoming the prejudice of ‘data dredging’.
Authors: Pascoe Polly , Jones Sarah Jane
Published: November 2019

As part of its most recent Efficiency Research Programme, which sought to advance understanding of workforce retention in health and social care, the Health Foundation have provided funding to a team within the Centre for Social Care, Health and Related Research at Birmingham City University. This project proposes to utilise exploratory data analysis techniques to investigate the underpinning contributory factors to nurse retention and ultimately patient safety across 10 acute and 10 mental healthcare providers. Exploratory data analysis techniques do not conform to the accepted hypothesis setting and testing associated with the traditional experimental research design within medicine and consequently, can be subject to criticism. However, these techniques afford bountiful opportunity to generate insight from real-world data; insight that could not be gleamed from experimental designs, therefore they warrant further investigation before being written off as ‘data dredging’.

Exploratory data analysis techniques applied to large datasets that are routinely collected as part of standard care have the potential to revolutionise healthcare. Machine learning and artificial intelligence are becoming common place in everyday life but have been relatively slow to be adopted as a mechanism for improving healthcare. An aspect of the medical community’s reluctance to accept these techniques is a perceived lack of robustness in determining relationships, as hypotheses aren’t typically generated in advance and therefore the process exposes itself to unscrupulous actions where analyses are undertaken until a relationship is found. An element of this programme of work is to develop a set of standards for the application of these techniques to healthcare-generated data including, but not limited to and housing data in open access formats to improve transparency and reporting on findings.

This session seeks to explore these issues with colleagues across disciplines, generating debate regarding novel approaches to complex issues.
Ética e Consciência Ecológica do Consumidor: Análise Demográfica e Proposição de um Modelo Teórico
Authors: ANDRADE MATHEUS LEMOS DE , MARQUES ANA CLÁUDIA , SENA ELISSANDRO , SOARES GEISA AMANDA , MARQUES HEYDE HAIALA SANTOS , CORDEIRO KAREN ISABELA REIS
Published: November 2019

A ética no consumo e a noção de Consciência Ecológica do Consumidor estabelecem que, além das preocupações egocêntricas de natureza individual, as decisões de consumo também podem abarcar elementos de natureza coletiva, tal como a preocupação com o meio ambiente. O presente estudo objetivou verificar como se dá a relação entre a Ética do Consumidor e sua Consciência Ecológica e identificar os segmentos com maior propensão ao consumo ético e ao desenvolvimento de uma consciência ecológica. Para tal foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa-descritiva, com amostra de 265 elementos residentes na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. A análise de dados envolveu testes paramétricos e não paramétricos, além da modelagem de equações estruturais. Os resultados indicam que a Ética do Consumidor influencia significativa e positivamente a Consciência Ecológica do Consumidor. Além disto, verifica-se que quanto maior a idade e a escolaridade do consumidor, maior é o nível de preocupação ética e ambiental com suas atividades de consumo.
RESPEITÁVEL PÚBLICO, O SENTIDO DO TRABALHO PARA O ARTISTA CIRCENSE VAI COMEÇAR!
Authors: COLET DANIELA SIQUEIRA , Mozzato Anelise Rebelato
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo a compreensão do sentido do trabalho para os artistas circenses. Visando atingir o objetivo delineado, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza exploratória, através da qual foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma organização circense. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e observação não participante, abrangendo seis participantes. Os resultados revelam a importância que o trabalho tem na vida dos artistas circenses, não apenas pelo seu caráter instrumental, de ganho material, mas também por outros aspectos mais subjetivos, como o sentimento de ser importante e fazer a diferença na vida das pessoas. Os achados remetem que os múltiplos sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho são oriundos de experiências e vivências propiciadas pelo encontro desses indivíduos com a realidade do trabalho.
FOQUE A QUALIDADE DE SERVIÇOS E O FESTEJO CAPIXABA: CARNAVAL UM SINÔNIMO DE FESTA NA ECONOMIA
Authors: Carvalho Sandra Maria Souza De , SILVEIRA ROGERIO Zanon da , MIGUEL Marcelo Calderari
Published: November 2019

Situado no contexto dos estudos de gênero, comportamento e mercado, este artigo avalia a questão da qualidade tendo como foco as mulheres ambulantes no Carnaval de Vitória-ES em 2018. A metodologia desta pesquisa possui caráter descritivo e qualitativo; utiliza uma readaptação do modelo Servqual de Parasuraman, Zeithaml e Berry (1985) para avaliar a execução de serviços femininos na folia capixaba. A questão primordial é avaliar a qualidade dos serviços ofertados, averiguando as múltiplas facetas que tange a qualidade dos serviços das mulheres ambulantes. Portanto, sobre o prisma da clientela, o diagnóstico avalia as relações existentes entre qualidade e satisfação por meio de um levantamento do tipo survey, com base em um corte transversal coletado in loco por meio de um roteiro contendo as cinco dimensões da qualidade. Os resultados evidenciam o comportamento empreendedor feminino - dá visibilidade a um fato que se perpetua, com maior ou menor intensidade ao longo das décadas.
Sunrise Avenue ja aitouden kaipuu
Authors: Anttonen Salli
Published: November 2019

Autenttisuus on tutkimuksessa laajasti käsitelty aihe – jopa niin, että käsite tuntuu natisevan liitoksissaan yrittäessään kattaa näitä kaikkia lähestymistapoja. Populaarimusiikin tutkimuksessa käsite on ollut laajan keskustelun kohde, ja useimmiten nähty konstruktivistisesti, diskursiivisena tai performoituna ilmiönä. Käsitteellä on viitattu erilaisiin artistiin ja musiikkiin kohdistuviin odotuksiin, jotka usein nivoutuvat vilpittömyyden ja omaperäisyyden romanttiseen ideaaliin. Tässä artikkelissa esittelen aiempaa populaarimusiikin autenttisuustutkimusta ja pyrin synteesiin jo olemassa olevasta runsaasta tutkimuksesta ja diskursiivisista jaotteluista. Lisäksi ehdotan uusia teoreettisia ryhmittelyjä ja yhteenvetoja. Teoreettisen esittelyn ohella analysoin suomalaista Sunrise Avenue -yhtyettä käsitteleviä musiikkikritiikkejä, joiden tarkastelussa hyödynnän esiteltyjä teoreettisia malleja ja diskursseja. Sunrise Avenue -yhtyeen kritiikeissä rakentuvat diskurssit resonoivat aiemman keskustelun ja uusien jäsennysten kanssa painottaen muun muassa omaperäisyyden, vastarinnan, epäkaupallisuuden ja kohderyhmän autenttisuuden ihanteita.
1800-luvun sointikuva ja populaarimusiikki
Authors: Kurkela Vesa
Published: November 2019

Artikkelissa hahmotetaan populaarimusiikin äänimaiseman kehityksen pääpiirteet 1800-luvun puolivälistä 1900-luvun alkuvuosikymmenille. Keskeiset muutokset koskivat äänenvoimakkuuden kasvua, laulullisuuden esiinmarssia, paksumpaa sointia ja kirkkaiden äänien korostumista. Lisäksi pyrkimys painottaa tunnetiloja johti niin sanotun romanttisen intonaation yleistymiseen. 1800-luvun uudet soinnilliset ihanteet syntyivät laajalla rintamalla, ja uudet periaatteet omaksuttiin genrerajojen yli. Esimerkiksi muutos vibraton käytössä koski 1900-luvun alussa yhtä hyvin taidesoittoa kuin populaarimusiikkia. Artikkeli tarjoaa metodologisia lähtökohtia sointikuvan muutoksen analyysille.
Transformasi Spirit Konferensi Asia Afrika pada Keterlibatan Warga Negara Muda sebagai Pembinaan Identitas Kebangsaan
Authors: Rahmelia Silvia , Ar Endang Danial
Published: November 2019

Spirit solidaritas sebagai nilai historis Konferensi Asia Afrika (KAA) sepatutnya diteladani dan diinternalisasikan dalam implementasi pengembangan karakter warga negara muda. Keterlibatan yang solid dan efektif melalui pemaknaan sejarah perjuangan bangsa sebagai nilai dasar inisiasi warga negara muda menjadi bentuk keterlibatan dan solidaritas yang positif. Solidaritas yang positif selayaknya mampu meminimalisir penyimpangan makna solidaritas yang banyak terjadi pada generasi muda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggam-barkan analisis transformasi peran keterlibatan warga negara muda dalam perwujudan hak, kewajiban, tanggung jawab, serta terlibat aktif pada level lokal, nasional, regional, maupun internasional dengan tidak meninggalkan identitas kebangsaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus yang dilakukan dengan teknik pengum-pulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menun-jukkan bahwa spirit perjuangan bangsa pada jaman dahulu serta komitmen kebangsaan terwujud dalam format baru keterlibatan warga negara muda pada sebuah komunitas, yaitu Sahabat Museum Konferensi Asia Afrika (SMKAA). Spirit solidaritas KAA dinilai masih relevan hingga saat ini dan bertransformasi menjadi semangat terbarukan berupa kebersa-maan, semangat perjuangan, melepaskan subjektivitas, dan semangat bersatu. SMKAA melalui program kegiatannya telah mentransformasikan sejarah KAA yang bersifat abstrak menjadi konkret dengan penyebarluasan nilai-nilai KAA, yaitu kesetaraan, kerjasama, dan hidup berdampingan. Keterlibatan warga negara muda hari ini perlu dilandasi pula oleh spirit untuk mengkaji sejarah perjuangan bangsa Indonesia. Memperkuat dan menumbuhkan literasi dalam spirit solidaritas akan menjadi modal yang penting. Pola pikir spirit solidaritas (the past as the memories) perlu ditumbuhkan kembali saat ini untuk meraih harapan-harapan ke depan (the future as expecatation).
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN DOSEN DENGAN PENDEKATAN FORECASTING JURUSAN TEKNIK SIPIL FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG
Authors: Matra Aditiya , M.Giatman,MSIE Prof. Dr.
Published: November 2019

Abstrak- Jumlah beban mengajar dosen di Jurusan Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang tidak sesuai dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 37 Tahun 2009, serta tidak idealnya rasio antara dosen dan mahasiswa menjadi masalah utama dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebutuhan dosen di Jurusan Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang pada tahun akademik 2018/2019 hingga tahun akademik 2023/2024 yang ideal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalahtenaga dosen di Jurusan Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang. Data pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yaitu jumlah mahasiswa dan dosen pada Jurusan Teknik Sipil. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik observasi dan studi dokumentasi untuk memperoleh data jumlah mahasiswa dan dosen di Jurusan Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus yang berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi Nomor 26 Tahun 2015 Tentang Registrasi Pendidik Pada Perguruan Tinggi.Hasil analisis menunjukkan pada tahun akademik 2018/2019, Jurusan Teknik Sipil kekurangan 8 orang dosen. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan Jurusan Teknik Sipil membutuhkan 13 orang dosen pada tahun akademik 2023/2024.Kata kunci: Analisis Dosen, Kebutuhan Dosen.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN MEKANIKA TEKNIK KELAS X TEKNIK KONSTRUKSI DAN PROPERTI SMKN 1 SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Dwi Putri Rahma , G. Rani, M.Pd Drs. Iskandar
Published: November 2019

Abstrak - Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kesulitan siswa dalam memahami materi Mekanika Teknik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran Numbered Head Together (NHT) terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Mekanika Teknik di Kelas X Teknik Konstruksi dan Properti (TKP)  SMKN 1 Sumatera Barat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah The Non Equivalent Control Group. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X TKP SMKN 1 Sumatera Barat. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 2 kelas yaitu, Kelas X DPIB A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan Kelas X DPIB B sebagai kelas kontrol. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa hasil pretest siswa yang diberikan sebelum perlakuan dan hasil posttest siswa yang diberikan setelah perlakuan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji-t untuk melihat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa pada kedua kelas. Berdasarkan perhitungan hipotesis dengan uji-t, diperoleh thitung sebesar 2.226, nilai tersebut lebih besar dari ttabel sebesar 2.042. thitung > ttabel menunjukkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pada hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model NHT dengan model konvensional pada mata pelajaran Mekanika Teknik Kelas X TKP di SMKN 1 Sumatera Barat.Kata kunci: Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe NHT, Hasil Belajar, Mekanika Teknik
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT SISWA SMP DAN MTs DALAM MEMILIH JURUSAN TEKNIK KONSTRUKSI DAN PROPERTI DI SMK
Authors: Darma Yulianti Rosita , Syah, M.Pd Dr. Nurhasan
Published: November 2019

Abstrak – Permasalahan yang ada pada penelitian ini berawal dari rendahnya jumlah siswa SMP dan MTs melanjutkan pendidikan ke Jurusan Teknik Konstruksi dan Properti SMKN 1 Kecamatan Guguak dari tahun 2014 sampai 2018. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat siswa SMP dan MTs dalam memilih Jurusan Teknik Konstruksi dan Properti SMKN 1 Kecamatan Guguak. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan jumlah populasi 203 siswa dan sampel 135 siswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dengan skala likert yang terdiri dari 4 pilihan jawaban yang terdiri dari 48 butir pernyataan. Uji coba penelitian dilakukan kepada 80 siswa SMPN 1 Kecamatan Guguak dan penelitian dilakukan kepada siswa SMPN 2 Kecamatan Guguak dan MTsN 3 Kabupaten 50 Kota berjumlah 135 siswa. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan faktor yang dominan mempengaruhi minat siswa SMP dan MTs adalah faktor motivasi dengan persentase 76%. Kata kunci: Faktor Instrinsik, Faktor Ekstrinsik, Minat Siswa, Jurusan Teknik Konstruksi dan Properti
TINJAUAN KETERSEDIAAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA KURIKULUM 2013 DI SMK N 1 SUMBAR PADA WORKSHOP KAYU
Authors: Andesmi Yulia , ST, MT Oktaviani,
Published: November 2019

Abstrak–Sarana dan prasarana workshop kayu untuk penerapan K-13 di SMK N 1 Sumbar sudah ada tetapi jumlahnya masih terbatas. Oleh sebab itu perlu diketahui ketersediaan serta kondisi sarana dan prasarana  bengkel kayu di SMK N 1 Sumbar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan analisis kuantitatif deskriptif. Teknik analisi data data menggunakan perhitungan persentase. Persentase yang dihitung adalah persentase ketercapaian ruang di workshop kayu dengan standar yang ada, persentase ketercapaian kriteria alat di workshop kayu dengan standar yang ada, persentase ketercapaian perabot di workshop kayu dengan standar yang ada. Hasil persentase kemudian dicocokkan dengan skala interval 5 menurut Riduwan untuk mengetahui tingkat ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sarana dan prasarana workshop kayu di SMK N 1 Sumbar belum memenuhi kebutuhan standar sarana dan prasarana sesuai dengan Permendiknas  No. 40 tahun 2008 dalam K-13. Hasil penelitian: (1) Sarana dan prasarana pada workshop kayu di SMK N 1 Sumbar sudah tersedia tetapi tidak memenuhi kebutuhan minimal standar sarana dan prasarana K-13.  Ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana hanya 41,44%  tidak memenuhi standar. (2) Kondisi sarana dan prasarana pada workshop kayu di SMK N 1 Sumbar rata-rata dalam kondisi baik, hanya beberapa alat mesin dalam kondisi rusak ringan.Kata kunci: Ketersediaan Sarana dan Prasarana, Workshop Kayu, Kurikulum 2013