bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thrombosis in Left Ventricular Assistance Device with Centrifugal Technology: Is Early Thrombolysis a Better Solution?
Authors: Centofanti Paolo , Baronetto Andrea , Attisani Matteo , Ricci Davide , Simonato Erika , La Torre Michele W. , Boffini Massimo , Rinaldi Mauro
Published: August 2017

Background

Continuous flow left ventricular assistance devices (CF-LVADs) have revolutionized the treatment of advanced heart failure. Pump replacement for thrombosis is a high-risk procedure with a high perioperative mortality rate with possible recurrence. We aim to summarize our experience using a conservative approach with medical therapy.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed records of patients who experienced pump thrombosis after LVAD implantation with HeartWare HVAD at our institution, from November 2010 to March 2016. Device thrombosis (DT) was divided into suspected (SDT) and confirmed (CDT). A conservative approach using thrombolysis and heparin was used in all patients.

Results

A total of 32 HeartWare HVAD pumps were implanted. Mean age was 59 ± 10 years and the mean time on mechanical support was 19.29 months (± 14.06). Pump thrombosis occurred in 7 patients (0.14 patients/year) after a mean time of 733 (231–1,606) days after LVAD implantation. Three out of 7 cases had thrombosis recurrence (43%). Overall 19 episodes were recorded (0.38 event per patient/year). Eighteen out of 19 thrombolytic treatments were successful (94.7%). No patient required LVAD replacement or transfusion of blood products. There was no significant difference in terms of survival between patients who experienced thrombotic events and patients who did not. No major complications related to thrombolysis were recorded.

Conclusions

Systemic thrombolysis plus heparin was an excellent therapeutic option. Early intervention in clinically stable patients without signs of heart failure but with indirect signs of device thrombosis has led to better outcomes.
Long-term Follow-up of Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices: Complications and Predisposing Risk Factors
Authors: Adesiyun Tolulope A. , McLean Rhondalyn C. , Tedford Ryan J. , Whitman Glenn J.R. , Sciortino Chris M. , Conte John V. , Shah Ashish S. , Russell Stuart D.
Published: August 2017

Purpose

To assess LVAD complications and their overall effect on mortality and determine factors associated with development of early and long-term complications.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent continuous flow LVAD placement between January 1, 2000 and November 30, 2013 was performed. The incidence of complications (sepsis or bacteremia, driveline infections, gastrointestinal bleeding, pump thrombosis, cerebrovascular accidents and anemia requiring transfusion) was collected and logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed.

Results

108 patients met our inclusion criteria. Median length of follow-up was 2.2 years. In univariable logistic regression analysis, higher blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine clearance <60, no prior inotrope use, higher INTERMACS class and lower platelet count were associated with early complications. On multivariable analysis, factors associated with early complications included higher BUN (odds ratio (OR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.001-1.06 per mg/dL BUN), no prior inotrope use (OR 4.92, 95% CI 1.64- 14.7) and lower platelet count (OR 4.29, 95% CI 1.45-12.7 <200 10(3) cu mm); 24% of patients developed early complications and 18.5% developed an early and late complication. Early complications were significantly associated with death (p = 0.017). The presence of 2 or more complications was associated with a 2.7-fold increase in the odds of death (p = 0.016) and odds of death increased by 20% with each subsequent complication (p = 0.004).

Conclusions

LVADs are associated with significant long-term complications including stroke and sepsis and minimizing time on LVADs may decrease the risk of complications and subsequent morbidity and mortality.
Comparison of a Prototype Reverse Hybridization Assay and MethyLight for Detection of SFRP2 Promotor Methylation in Fecal DNA
Authors: Kriegshäuser Gernot , Enko Dietmar , Zitt Matthias , Oberwalder Michael , Oberkanins Christian , Öfner Dietmar , Zeillinger Robert , Müller Hannes Maximilian
Published: August 2017

Background

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a novel nonquantitative methylation-specific reverse hybridization (MSRH) assay to detect secreted frizzled-related protein 2 ( SFRP2) promotor methylation in fecal DNA.

Methods

SFRP2 promoter methylation was investigated in stool DNA isolated from 18 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 22 healthy controls using the MSRH assay based on methylation-specific DNA amplification followed by reverse hybridization of biotinylated amplicons to sequence-specific methylation detection probes, with MethyLight serving as a reference method.

Results

SFRP2 promotor methylation as determined by MSRH vs. MethyLight showed a sensitivity and specificity of 61.1% and 86.3% vs. 77.7% and 77.3%, respectively. Moderate agreement (κ = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.29-0.80, p<0.001) was observed between the 2 methods. However, the differences in SFRP2 promotor methylation observed between CRC patients and healthy individuals by both assays were statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Our findings, although limited by the small sample size, do not support the use of the MSRH assay for CRC screening in stool.
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 is an independent prognostic marker for worse overall survival in triple-negative breast cancer patients
Authors: Ozretic Petar , Alvir Ilija , Sarcevic Bozena , Vujaskovic Zeljko , Rendic-Miocevic Zrinka , Roguljic Ana , Beketic-Oreskovic Lidija
Published: August 2017

Background:

The objective of this study was to examine the prognostic significance of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), an endogenous marker for tumor hypoxia; the cellular tumor antigen p53; and the apoptosis regulator Bcl-2, in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients.

Methods:

Immunohistochemically determined expression of CAIX, p53, Bcl-2 and proliferation factor Ki-67, analyzed in 64 paraffin-embedded TNBC tissue samples, was used to assess their relation to clinicopathological variables and prognostic implications for overall survival (OS).

Results:

Bcl-2 expression was negatively correlated with histological grade of tumor, while expression of p53 was positively correlated with the same clinical variable (p = 0.036 and p = 0.033, respectively). The p53 expression was also positively correlated with tumor size (p = 0.010). Survival analysis showed that patients with high Bcl-2 expression (above cutoff value determined by receiver operator characteristic [ROC] curve analysis) had shorter OS (p = 0.020). The same was observed for patients with tumors larger than 5 cm (p = 0.034) or positive lymph nodes (p = 0.004). Among all 3 examined markers, multivariate analysis showed that only Bcl-2 expression was a strong independent prognostic indicator for decreased OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 15.16, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.881-79.727, p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

Elevated expression of Bcl-2 was an independent prognostic factor for poorer OS in TNBC and as such a significant marker for tumor aggressiveness.
Repositioning of Central Venous Access Devices using a High-Flow Flush Technique - a Clinical Practice and Cost Review
Authors: Spencer Timothy R.
Published: August 2017

Background

Malpositioned central venous access device (CVAD) tip locations can cause significant mechanical and chemical vessel-related injuries and complications if left in inappropriate positions. The aim of this study is to determine the use of a high-flow flush technique (HFFT) in successful correction of malpositioned catheters into the lower superior vena cava or cavoatrial junction and provide a cost comparison to interventional/fluoroscopic-based repositioning.

Methods

This is a retrospective chart and radiographic review of all inserted CVADs found malpositioned between 1996-2014 in a multi-specialty 1000-bed tertiary trauma center in Sydney, Australia. 7450 CVADs placed by a nurse-led vascular access service were reviewed. Catheters repositioned pre-2010 were excluded owing to radiology repositioning interventions.

Results

There were 3996 peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and 3454 centrally inserted central catheters (CICCs) placed. Seventy-four were malpositioned post-2010. Of these, 53 devices were repositioned using the studied technique; 86% (46/53) of catheters were successfully repositioned on the first HFFT attempt. There was supportive evidence that device insertion side is important in potential catheter malposition.

Conclusions

Clinical outcomes suggest that CICCs and PICCs may be successfully repositioned utilizing this technique, with no adverse events associated and a prospective cost saving benefit when compared to interventional-based repositioning procedures.
Ultrasound-Guided Intravenous Catheter Insertion in a Prone Patient using a T Probe in Emergency Setting
Authors: Lazzari Antonio , Bini Roberto , Bertucci Roberto , Coletti Antonio , Voghera Paolo
Published: August 2017

Introduction

Central venous catheterizations are common intraoperative procedures. Central venous catheter (CVC) placements are usually performed with patients lying in the supine position using real-time ultrasound (US) guidance.

Case description

A 43-year-old man underwent open right popliteal artery reconstruction in the prone position for a limb-threatening injury. Excessive continuous intraoperative bleeding, increased by a coexisting pelvic fracture, was temporarily stabilized by a T POD device, but with the need of external fixation, required the placement of CVC, which was not feasible whilst in the prone position without US help. A view of the left internal jugular vein (IJV) was obtained with pediatric T probe and a CVC was placed using real-time US guidance, without complications.

Conclusions

We demonstrated the feasibility and safety of US-guided CVC placements in an emergency setting.
Long-Term Outcome of Upper Extremity Arteriovenous Fistula using pSLOT: Single-Center Longitudinal follow-up using a Protocol-Based Approach
Authors: Darcy Michael , Vachharajani Neeta , Zhang Tracy , Mani Naganathan , Kim Seung Kwon , Matson Sarah , Wood Michaeline , Shenoy Surendra
Published: August 2017

Introduction

Functional arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the best vascular access for end-stage renal disease patients. AVF maturation is variable and many require additional interventions to achieve functionality. Long-term benefits of such interventions are unclear. Using a protocol for AVF planning, creation, maturation evaluation and performing interventions based on objective findings along with maintaining a database on follow-up is necessary to evaluate this question. The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term outcome of newly constructed AVFs using a protocol-based approach in a tertiary care academic center.

Methods

This is an observational study. Long-term outcomes of consecutive AVFs placed over a 5-year period using a protocol for creation, maturation evaluation and interventions based on objective findings were analyzed using a prospectively maintained clinical database.

Results

Functioning AVFs were achieved in 86.5% (n = 296) of 342 patients. Primary and secondary patency of 372 AVF procedures at 12, 24 and 60 months were 42.8%, 31.6% and 20.8%; and 81.8%, 77.6% and 71.7%, respectively. Functional patency at 12, 24 and 60 months were 95.1%, 88.7%, and 85.2%, respectively. Long-term function was similar for AVFs maturing with ≤4 interventions and without interventions. AVFs maturing with 2-4 interventions needed significantly more interventions to maintain long-term functional patency (p = 0.003).

Conclusions

Piggyback straight-line on-lay technique (pSLOT) improves early outcome providing opportunity to identify other problems contributing to non-maturation. A large number of AVFs needing planned interventions to mature provide good long-term function. Establishing process of care guidelines for creation and follow-up has a potential to improve AVF outcome.
A Unique Case of Malignant Mixed Müllerian Tumor with Metastasis to the Thyroid: A Case Report
Authors: Herbas Octavio Chavez , Garcia-Prieto Beatriz E. , Fulger Ilmana
Published: August 2017

We present a case of a 61-year-old postmenopausal woman with a known diagnosis of malignant mixed müllerian tumor (MMMT) originally treated with systemic chemotherapy and total abdominal hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, who developed a left cervical mass noted on a follow-up visit. Imaging and nuclear testing were both performed confirming the presence of a cervical mass arising from the thyroid. Our patient underwent surgical resection of the mass, and biopsy of the specimen was consistent with metastatic uterine carcinosarcoma mixed müllerian tumor. Chemotherapy was initiated with a positive outcome.
Paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin combination chemotherapy in patients with recurrent or metastatic gastric cancer
Authors: Lan Yan-qin , Wu Ri-ping , Huang Xiao-bing , Wang Xin-li , Zhong Dong-ta , Huang Chuan-yong , Song Jin-tian
Published: August 2017

Purpose:

This study evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (POFL) in patients with recurrent or metastatic gastric cancer.

Methods:

One hundred and thirty-eight patients with histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma were treated with the POFL regimen: paclitaxel at a dose of 135 mg/m2 as a 3-hour intravenous infusion on day 1, oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 and leucovorin 400 mg/m2 as an intravenous infusion over 2 hours on day 1, followed by 5-fluorouracil 2,400 mg/m2 as an infusion over a 46-hour period on 3 consecutive days, in a 2-week cycle.

Results:

Twelve patients could not be evaluated for response because of the absence of any measurable lesions or early discontinuation of therapy, so responses were assessed in 126 patients. The overall objective response rate was 56.3% (95% CI, 47.5%-64.9%). The median time to progression was 6.7 months (95% CI, 5.8-7.6 months), and the median overall survival was 12.6 months (95% CI, 11.3-13.9 months). The most common grade 3 and 4 toxicities were neutropenia (50.7%), peripheral neurotoxicity (16.7%) and alopecia (27.5%).

Conclusions:

Combination chemotherapy with POFL offers a new, active and safe approach to the treatment of recurrent or metastatic gastric cancer.
Circulated Epideictic: The Technical Image and Digital Consensus
Authors: Rice Jeff
Published: August 2017

This article explores the epideictic nature of online discourse, or what might be considered a digital version of social knowledge. In particular, it draws from Vilém Flusser's concept of the technical image, the image projected as singular but that is, in fact, layered with many other meanings. Working from two primary examples—the resignation of University of Missouri president Tim Wolfe and the reporting of Israeli flooding of a Gazan valley—the article theorizes how a consensus is constructed as a technical image and thus problematizes the nature of consensus in specific rhetorical moments.
Environmental Sustainability in Freight Transportation: A Systematic Literature Review and Agenda for Future Research
Authors: Ellram Lisa M. , Murfield Monique L. Ueltschy
Published: August 2017

This article presents results of a systematic review of the conceptual and empirical literature published in the area of environmentally sustainable freight transportation (ESFT) since 1990. The research has been largely atheoretical and descriptive, though that has begun to change with the dramatic growth in this literature since 2010. The literature to date provides interesting insights into the way that ESFT practice has evolved. Following an input–transformation–output model, the topical focus of the research began with an emphasis on transformation processes or activities, and then considered inputs (represented by drivers/facilitators), barriers as moderators of the process, and outcomes of practice, or outputs. This article provides extensive suggestions for future research in each of the topical areas to help fill some of the gaps in theory and to enhance practice.
Análise entre algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina para suportar a predição do posicionamento do jogador de futebol
Authors: Gasparini Randal , Álvaro Alexandre
Published: August 2017

O esporte de alto desempenho está em busca, cada vez mais, do suporte de tecnologias que visam o auxílio aos atletas e aos profissionais que os acompanham. Atualmente existem diversas tecnologias que são utilizadas no segmento, como análise de deslocamento de jogadores através de GPS (Global Position System), mapeamento através da captura de vídeo, monitoramento de frequência cardíaca, acelerômetro, giroscópio, dentre outros. Entretanto, a comissão técnica possui pouco respaldo tecnológico de ferramentas que consideram as características de movimentação do jogador, as quais poderiam apoiá-las na tomada de decisão em relação ao posicionamento ideal do atleta em campo. Através da coleta de dados de GPS é possível determinar velocidade, distância percorrida, faixas de aceleração, posicionamento, dentre outras informações. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho visa analisar o posicionamento ideal de um jogador de futebol através de algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina, sendo utilizados os modelos de Regressão Logística com Regularização, Redes Neurais e Máquinas de Vetores de Suporte. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o modelo SVM se sobressaiu aos demais, entretanto são necessários trabalhos futuros para a busca de uma taxa de acerto mais elevada.
Comparison of how different feed phosphates affect performance, bone mineralization and phosphorus retention in broilers
Authors: Hamdi Manel , Solà-Oriol David , Franco-Rosselló Rosa , Aligué-Alemany Rosa , Pérez José F.
Published: August 2017

The objective of this work was to evaluate the comparative P bio-avalability of different sources of phosphate based on their effects on animal performance, bones mineralization and mineral retention in broilers. To achieve this goal, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, twenty diets were prepared including five different phosphorus sources, either mono-calcium phosphate (MCP) or 4 different batches of di-calcium phosphate, to supplement non phytic P (NPP) levels at 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5 g/kg in the diets. In Experiment 2, three treatments were used: the low MCP diet was deficient in NPP (3.1 g/kg for the starter phase and 2.8 g/kg for the grower phase); the high MCP diet and the high TCP (tri-calcium phosphate) diet included adequate levels of NPP (4.4-4.7 g/kg for the starter phase and 4.2-4.3 g/kg for the grower phase). Phytase was not added to experimental diets. Results of Exp. 1 indicated that an increase of NPP in the diet from 3.0 to 4.0 g/kg increased weight gain and feed intake between d 1 and d 21 (Trial 1). Alternatively, tibia weight and ash percentage at d 21 responded up to the level of 4.5 g/kg and showed significant difference with birds of the 4.0 g/kg NPP group. In Trial 2, chickens fed with the high MCP and TCP had improved growth performances and bone mineralization. No differences were observed on the P availability among different mineral P sources. A level of 4.5 g/kg, NPP is recommended when phytase is not included to maximize both performance and bone mineralization in broiler chickens up to d 21.
Redes complexas de homônimos para análise semântica textual
Authors: Santos Jadson , Andrade Felipe , Jorge Eduardo Manuel de Freitas , Batista João , Saba Hugo
Published: August 2017

Introdução: Estudos voltados ao processamento de linguagem natural já são bem difundidos e possuem aplicações diversas. Relacionado a essa área de pesquisa, o uso de técnicas para manipular um texto determinando a morfologia e sintaxe de suas palavras é bastante comum. Existem  ferramentas que fazem esse tratamento, entretanto adicionar mecanismos de identificação semântica para essas palavras é fundamental para aumentar o entendimento automático da linguagem empregada. Objetivo: Com base nesse contexto, este artigo apresenta o processo de utilização de redes complexas como base de dados comparativa para determinar, através do contexto, o significado de palavras  que expressam posicionamentos distintos. Além disso,  são classificados com mesma morfologia e sintaxe, como ocorre com alguns homônimos.Metodologia: Através de uma metodologia experimental, o modelo aqui proposto baseia-se em pesquisa já consolidadas em Processamento de Linguagem Natural para montar uma rede complexa que recebe como vértices as palavras de um determinado texto e estabelece suas ligações a partir da ocorrência de adjacência entre esses termos. Assim observando as variações da rede, identifica-se como os homônimos do texto estão relacionados, e através da análise do contexto em que se encontram, verificar se é utilizado para expressar mais de um significado.Resultados: Um processo genérico com etapas de pré-processamento, montagem de Redes Complexas usando Processamento de Linguagem Natural  para concepção de uma rede de homônimos para extrair informação textual semântica. Conclusões: A análise de homônimos selecionados e etiquetados é um processo não apenas morfossintático,  acrescentado semântica em uma frase, parágrafo ou texto  onde as palavras são empregadas. Assim, através de Processamento de Linguagem Natural acontecimentos mundiais e fatos filosóficos escritos textualmente podem ser melhor analisados, como por exemplo, o poder de argumentação e o perfil de escrita de um autor.
Effect of Inclusion Versus Segregation on Reading Comprehension of EFL Learners with Dyslexia: Case of Lebanon
Authors: Awada Ghada M. , Gutiérrez-Colón Mar
Published: August 2017

This study reports the relative effectiveness of the inclusion theory when the combined strategy instruction on improving the reading comprehension of narrative and expository texts for students with dyslexia is implemented. A total sample of 298 students of English as a foreign language from both public and private schools participated in the study which employed a pre-test- post-test control group design to investigate the efficacy of combined strategy instruction consisting of Graphic organizers, Visual displays, Mnemonic illustrations, Computer exercises, Prediction, Inference, Text structure awareness, Main idea identification, Summarization, and Questioning. The study concluded that combined strategy instruction in the field of the inclusion theory is more effective than regular instruction in improving reading comprehension when using narrative texts, but there’s no difference, when using expository texts. There was no significant difference neither by gender nor by school types in all the grade levels under study.
Employee Performance and Quality Management in the Tourism Sector (Case Study of Human Resources Management – Employee Performance)
Authors: Alomari Burhan Mahmoud Awad , Awawdeh AlaEldin Mohammad Hasan , Alolayyan Main Naser
Published: August 2017

The subject of quality is at the forefront of strategic plans for any business organization and institution to offer tourist services in the field of hotels. This becomes one of the priorities due to competition in reaching to the largest possible segment of customers. This is the need of time for the organization to master in quality, competencies and expertise in a variety of fields. The problem is how to manage quality for outstanding application in the service sector, tourism and hospitality by improving process and customer satisfaction.This paper focuses on five stars hotel of the city of Aqaba, Jordan. The importance of this approach in general and tourism organization particular is very high. This study presents the descriptive analysis, limitation and treatment of change that represented by service diminution's. The importance of total quality management in the tourism sector is well understood. The study presents the managerial art that is applied in one of five star hotels as a 1st degree of associate mixed company (Aqaba Hotel – Jordan). And I hope that the research modestly contribute to the performance of hotel organizations to meet the competitive challenges.
Cinco propostas que podem auxiliar o funcionamento de instituições escolares de ensino profissionalizante
Authors: Hatsek David Jorge Rodrigues , Machado Franciele de Lima , Peripolli Patrícia Zanon , Belmonte Tatiana Cassol , Lira Valdoir Dutra , Quadros Claudemir de
Published: August 2017

Neste texto apresentam-se resultados de atividades realizadas no âmbito da disciplina Gestão Escolar e Inovação, no Programa de Pós-Graduação da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica do Colégio Técnico Industrial de Santa Maria. A meta da disciplina, a partir das relações entre gestão escolar e inovação, era que os estudantes propusessem um produto, serviço ou metodologia de trabalho que auxiliasse o funcionamento instituições escolares de ensino profissionalizante. Neste sentido, foram apresentadas cinco propostas: ferramenta para auxiliar o gestor em tomada de decisão estratégica; plataforma educativa móvel; mural digital; ensino por meio de pesquisa e criação e gestão de grupos de estudos. Ao fim, percebeu-se que a proposição de idéias inovadoras para escolas requer exercício de criatividade e pensamento, desenvolvimento conceitual e disposição para o trabalho.Palavras-chave: escola, gestão escolar, inovação, propostas de inovação.
Apresentação
Authors: Quadros Claudemir de
Published: August 2017

Apresentação do n. 13 da Regae.
Mechanical Characterization of APA Microcapsules by Parallel-Plate Compression
Authors: Bando Kiyoshi , Yamaguchi Yohei
Published: August 2017

We produced microcapsules of alginate-poly(L)lysine-alginate (APA)with diameters on the order of 10 µm. To characterize their mechanical properties, we conducted an experiment on the parallel-plate compression of a microcapsule and modeled its deformation. In the modeling task, the microcapsule was assumed to be a spherical liquid-filled elastic membrane with negligible bending stiffness and permeability. The membrane thickness was estimated by applying Reissner's linear elastic theory to the experimental force-displacement relationship during loading in the small displacement region. The initial stretch of the membrane was taken into account; it was mainly caused by the osmotic pressure difference across the membrane. The initial stretch of the microcapsule was determined by fitting the calculated and experimental force-displacement relationships during loading at small to medium displacements. At large displacements, the calculated force was smaller than the experimentally measured force because of fluid permeation across the APA membrane. The calculated and experimentally imaged shapes of the deformed microcapsule were compared. The effects of varying the membrane thickness on the force-displacement and transmural pressure-displacement curves were shown, and the limitations of applying the present deformation model were examined.
Psychopathological symptoms, defense mechanisms and time perspectives among subjects with alcohol dependence (AD) presenting different patterns of coping with stress
Authors: Iwanicka Katarzyna , Gerhant Aneta , Olajossy Marcin
Published: August 2017

Background

The problem of coping with stress is an important one in the context of development and persistence of alcohol dependence. In the literature to date very little attention has been paid to coping patterns construed as a configuration of specific coping styles, particularly as regards the functioning of addicted individuals. The aim of the study was to verify whether individuals with alcohol dependence characterized by different coping patterns differ with respect to the severity of psychopathological symptoms, defense mechanisms and time perspectives.

Methods

Participants were given a battery of psychological tests—Coping Inventory for Stresfull Situations (CISS), Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ 40), Syndrom Checklist (SCL-90) and Short Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (SZPTI-PL). The sample comprised 112 individuals with alcohol dependence, aged 20 to 63 years old, the average age was 37.86; 78 percent were men. There were identified three sub-groups of individuals characterized by a distinctive patterns of coping with stress —“emotional-avoidant”, “task oriented” and a “mixed one”.

Results

Individuals with the predominant emotional-avoidant coping pattern are characterized by significantly higher severity of psychopathological symptoms, less mature defense mechanisms and past time perspectives. Subjects reliant on task-oriented coping pattern were characterized by the highest level of adaptation and the most constructive way of functioning in the face of difficulties.

Conclusion

It is worth regarding the examination of patterns of coping as an indispensable element of collecting medical history from alcohol dependent individuals.
Stable and radiocarbon isotopic composition of dissolved organic matter in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Walker B. D. , Druffel E. R. M. , Kolasinski J. , Roberts B. J. , Xu X. , Rosenheim B. E.
Published: August 2017

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is of primary importance to marine ecosystems and the global carbon cycle. Stable carbon (δ13C) and radiocarbon (Δ14C) isotopic measurements are powerful tools for evaluating DOC sources and cycling. However, the isotopic signature of DOC in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) remains almost completely unknown. Here we present the first DOC Δ14C and δ13C depth profiles from the GOM. Our results suggest the Mississippi River exports large amounts of DOC with an anthropogenic “bomb” Δ14C signature. Riverine DOC is removed and recycled offshore, and some marine production of DOC is observed in the river plume. Offshore profiles show that DOC has higher Δ14C than its Caribbean feed waters, indicative of a modern deep DOC source in the GOM basin. Finally, high DOC with negative δ13C and Δ14C values were observed near the Macondo Wellhead, suggesting a transformation of Deepwater Horizon hydrocarbons into a persistent population of DOC.
MESSENGER observations of the energization and heating of protons in the near‐Mercury magnetotail
Authors: Sun W. J. , Raines J. M. , Fu S. Y. , Slavin J. A. , Wei Y. , Poh G. K. , Pu Z. Y. , Yao Z. H. , Zong Q. G. , Wan W. X.
Published: August 2017

The energization and heating processes for protons in the near‐Mercury tail are examined with MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) observations. In a case study, suprathermal proton particle flux (STPF) and proton temperature are observed to be clearly enhanced during near‐Mercury substorm dipolarizations, indicating the proton energization and heating processes. STPF and proton temperature distributions in near‐Mercury central plasma sheets display dawn‐dusk asymmetries, with higher values in the dawnside plasma sheet, i.e., postmidnight, than in the duskside, i.e., premidnight. Further investigations reveal that these asymmetries are more prominent during active periods in Mercury's magnetosphere, as compared to quiet periods. Magnetic field variations in the ZMSM component display a similar feature, with variations being more prominent on the dawnside than the duskside during active periods. We propose that the dawn‐dusk asymmetry in the distributions of protons could be due to the fact that more substorm dipolarizations were initiated on the dawnside of Mercury's magnetotail.
Interferometer angle‐of‐arrival determination using precalculated phases
Authors: Younger J. P. , Reid I. M.
Published: August 2017

A method has been developed to determine the angle of arrival (AoA) of incident radiation using precomputed lookup tables. The phase difference between two receiving antennas can be used to infer AoA as measured from the pair baseline, but there will be more than one possible solution for antenna spacings greater than or equal to half a wavelength. Larger spacings are preferable to minimize mutual coupling of elements in the receive array and to decrease the relative uncertainty in measured phase difference. We present a solution that uses all unique antenna pairs to determine probabilities for all possible azimuth and zenith values. Prior to analysis, the expected phase differences for all AoAs are calculated for each antenna pair. For a received signal, histograms of possible AoAs for each antenna pair phase difference are extracted and added to produce a two‐dimensional probability density array that will maximize at the true value of the AoA. A benefit of this method is that all possible antenna pairs are utilized rather than the restriction to specific pairs along baselines used by some interferometer algorithms. Numerical simulations indicate that performance of the suggested algorithm exceeds that of existing methods, with the benefit of additional flexibility in antenna placement. Meteor radar data have been used to test this method against existing methods, with excellent agreement between the two approaches. This method of AoA determination will allow the construction of low‐cost interferometric direction finding arrays with different layouts, including construction of difficult terrain and three‐dimensional antenna arrangements.
Guaranteed estimation of solutions to Helmholtz transmission problems with uncertain data from their indirect noisy observations
Authors: Podlipenko Yu. K. , Shestopalov Yu. V.
Published: August 2017

We investigate the guaranteed estimation problem of linear functionals from solutions to transmission problems for the Helmholtz equation with inexact data. The right‐hand sides of equations entering the statements of transmission problems and the statistical characteristics of observation errors are supposed to be unknown and belonging to certain sets. It is shown that the optimal linear mean square estimates of the above mentioned functionals and estimation errors are expressed via solutions to the systems of transmission problems of the special type. The results and techniques can be applied in the analysis and estimation of solution to forward and inverse electromagnetic and acoustic problems with uncertain data that arise in mathematical models of the wave diffraction on transparent bodies.
Nanostructured Metal Chalcogenides for Energy Storage and Electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhou Qian , Zhu Jixin , Yan Qingyu , Dou Shi Xue , Sun Wenping
Published: August 2017

Energy storage and conversion technologies are vital to the efficient utilization of sustainable renewable energy sources. Rechargeable lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and the emerging sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as two of the most promising energy storage devices, and electrocatalysis processes play critical roles in energy conversion techniques that achieve mutual transformation between renewable electricity and chemical energies. It has been demonstrated that nanostructured metal chalcogenides including metal sulfides and metal selenides show great potential for efficient energy storage and conversion due to their unique physicochemical properties. In this feature article, the recent research progress on nanostructured metal sulfides and metal selenides for application in SIBs/LIBs and hydrogen/oxygen electrocatalysis (hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and oxygen reduction reaction) is summarized and discussed. The corresponding electrochemical mechanisms, critical issues, and effective strategies towards performance improvement are presented. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives for the future development of metal chalcogenides in the energy research field are proposed.
Assessment of Novel Long‐Lasting Ceria‐Stabilized Zirconia‐Based Ceramics with Different Surface Topographies as Implant Materials
Authors: Altmann Brigitte , Karygianni Lamprini , Al‐Ahmad Ali , Butz Frank , Bächle Maria , Adolfsson Erik , Fürderer Tobias , Courtois Nicolas , Palmero Paola , Follo Marie , Chevalier Jérôme , Steinberg Thorsten , Kohal Ralf Joachim
Published: August 2017

The development of long‐lasting zirconia‐based ceramics for implants, which are not prone to hydrothermal aging, is not satisfactorily solved. Therefore, this study is conceived as an overall evaluation screening of novel ceria‐stabilized zirconia–alumina–aluminate composite ceramics (ZA8Sr8‐Ce11) with different surface topographies for use in clinical applications. Ceria‐stabilized zirconia is chosen as the matrix for the composite material, due to its lower susceptibility to aging than yttria‐stabilized zirconia (3Y‐TZP). This assessment is carried out on three preclinical investigation levels, indicating an overall biocompatibility of ceria‐stabilized zirconia‐based ceramics, both in vitro and in vivo. Long‐term attachment and mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition of primary osteoblasts are the most distinct on porous ZA8Sr8‐Ce11p surfaces, while ECM attachment on 3Y‐TZP and ZA8Sr8‐Ce11 with compact surface texture is poor. In this regard, the animal study confirms the porous ZA8Sr8‐Ce11p to be the most favorable material, showing the highest bone‐to‐implant contact values and implant stability post implantation in comparison with control groups. Moreover, the microbiological evaluation reveals no favoritism of biofilm formation on the porous ZA8Sr8‐Ce11p when compared to a smooth control surface. Hence, together with the in vitro in vivo assessment analogy, the promising clinical potential of this novel ZA8Sr8‐Ce11 as an implant material is demonstrated.
3D Self‐Supported Fe‐Doped Ni2P Nanosheet Arrays as Bifunctional Catalysts for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Li Yingjie , Zhang Haichuan , Jiang Ming , Zhang Qian , He Peilei , Sun Xiaoming
Published: August 2017

The development of highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for improving the efficiency of overall water splitting, but still remains challenging issue. Herein, 3D self‐supported Fe‐doped Ni2P nanosheet arrays are synthesized on Ni foam by hydrothermal method followed by in situ phosphorization, which serve as bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. The as‐synthesized (Ni0.33Fe0.67)2P with moderate Fe doping shows an outstanding OER performance, which only requires an overpotential of ≈230 mV to reach 50 mA cm−2 and is more efficient than the other Fe incorporated Ni2P electrodes. In addition, the (Ni0.33Fe0.67)2P exhibits excellent activity toward HER with a small overpotential of ≈214 mV to reach 50 mA cm−2. Furthermore, an alkaline electrolyzer is measured using (Ni0.33Fe0.67)2P electrodes as cathode and anode, respectively, which requires cell voltage of 1.49 V to reach 10 mA cm−2 as well as shows excellent stability with good nanoarray construction. Such good performance is attributed to the high intrinsic activity and superaerophobic surface property.
Liposome‐Indocyanine Green Nanoprobes for Optical Labeling and Tracking of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Post‐Transplantation In Vivo
Authors: Mazza Mariarosa , Lozano Neus , Vieira Debora Braga , Buggio Maurizio , Kielty Cay , Kostarelos Kostas
Published: August 2017

Direct labeling of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) prior to transplantation provides a means to track cells after administration and it is a powerful tool for the assessment of new cell‐based therapies. Biocompatible nanoprobes consisting of liposome‐indocyanine green hybrid vesicles (liposome‐ICG) are used to safely label hMSC. Labeled hMSC recapitulating a 3D cellular environment is transplanted as spheroids subcutaneously and intracranially in athymic nude mice. Cells emit a strong NIR signal used for tracking post‐transplantation with the IVIS imaging system up to 2 weeks (subcutaneous) and 1 week (intracranial). The transplanted stem cells are imaged in situ after engraftment deep in the brain up to 1 week in living animals using optical imaging techniques and without the need to genetically modify the cells. This method is proposed for efficient, nontoxic direct cell labeling for the preclinical assessment of cell‐based therapies and the design of clinical trials, and potentially for localization of the cell engraftment after transplantation into patients.
Carbon Nanomaterials in Biological Studies and Biomedicine
Authors: Teradal Nagappa L. , Jelinek Raz
Published: August 2017

The “carbon nano‐world” has made over the past few decades huge contributions in diverse scientific disciplines and technological advances. While dramatic advances have been widely publicized in using carbon nanomaterials such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene in materials sciences, nano‐electronics, and photonics, their contributions to biology and biomedicine have been noteworthy as well. This Review focuses on the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and carbon quantum dots [encompassing graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carbon dots (C‐dots)] in biologically oriented materials and applications. Examples of these remarkable nanomaterials in bio‐sensing, cell‐ and tissue‐imaging, regenerative medicine, and other applications are presented and discussed, emphasizing the significance of their unique properties and their future potential.
Atomic‐Layer‐Deposited SnO2 as Gate Electrode for Indium‐Free Transparent Electronics
Authors: Alshammari Fwzah H. , Hota Mrinal K. , Wang Zhenwei , Al‐jawhari Hala , Alshareef Husam N.
Published: August 2017

Atomic‐layer‐deposited SnO2 is used as a gate electrode to replace indium tin oxide (ITO) in thin‐film transistors and circuits for the first time. The SnO2 films deposited at 200 °C show low electrical resistivity of ≈3.1 × 10−3 Ω cm with ≈93% transparency in most of the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Thin‐film transistors fabricated with SnO2 gates show excellent transistor properties including saturation mobility of 15.3 cm2 V−1 s−1, a low subthreshold swing of ≈130 mV dec−1, a high on/off ratio of ≈109, and an excellent electrical stability under constant‐voltage stressing conditions to the gate terminal. Moreover, the SnO2‐gated thin‐film transistors show excellent electrical characteristics when used in electronic circuits such as negative channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) inverters and ring oscillators. The NMOS inverters exhibit a low propagation stage delay of ≈150 ns with high DC voltage gain of ≈382. A high oscillation frequency of ≈303 kHz is obtained from the output sinusoidal signal of the 11‐stage NMOS inverter‐based ring oscillators. These results show that SnO2 can effectively replace ITO in transparent electronics and sensor applications.
A human case of SLC35A3‐related skeletal dysplasia
Authors: Edmondson Andrew C. , Bedoukian Emma C. , Deardorff Matthew A. , McDonald‐McGinn Donna M. , Li Xueli , He Miao , Zackai Elaine H.
Published: August 2017

Researchers have identified a subset of Holstein having a range of skeletal deformities, including vertebral anomalies, referred to as complex vertebral malformation due to mutations in the SLC35A3 gene. Here, we report the first case in humans of SLC35A3‐related vertebral anomalies. Our patient had prenatally diagnosed anomalous vertebrae, including butterfly, and hemivertebrae throughout the spine, as well as cleft palate, micrognathia, patent foramen ovale, patent ductus arteriosus, posterior embryotoxon, short limbs, camptodactyly, talipes valgus, rocker bottom feet, and facial dysmorphism including proptosis, nevus flammeus, and a cupped left ear. Clinical exome sequencing revealed a novel missense homozygous mutation in SLC35A3. Follow‐up biochemical analysis confirmed abnormal protein glycosylation, consistent with a defective Golgi UDP‐GlcNAc transporter, validating the mutations. Congenital disorders of glycosylation, including SLC35A3‐CDG, can present as a wide phenotypic spectrum, including skeletal dysplasia. Previously reported patients with SLC35A3‐CDG have been described with syndromic autism, epilepsy, and arthrogryposis.
Metal‐Free Aerobic Oxidative C−C Bond Cleavage between the Carbonyl Carbon and the α‐Carbon of α‐Azido Ketones: A Novel Synthesis of N‐Alkylated Benzamides
Authors: Reddy Chada Narsimha , Krishna Namballa Hari , Reddy V. Ganga , Alarifi Abdullah , Kamal Ahmed
Published: August 2017

An unprecedented metal‐free approach has been achieved for the synthesis of N‐alkylated benzamides from phenacyl azides by oxidative cleavage of a C−C bond and formation of a new C−N bond in the presence of K2CO3. Various substituted phenacyl azides could be readily cleaved to access a variety of N‐alkylated benzamides by using the new protocol, which is a viable alternative for the construction of amide bonds. This metal‐free reaction forms amides in excellent yields with minimal generation of waste. The high functional group tolerance and diverse substrate scope make this reaction useful for organic synthesis.
Correlated model fusion
Authors: Hoegh Andrew , Leman Scotland
Published: August 2017

Model fusion methods, or more generally ensemble methods, are a useful tool for prediction. Combining predictions from a set of models smooths out biases and reduces variances of predictions from individual models, and hence, the combined predictions typically outperform those from individual models. In many algorithms, individual predictions are arithmetically averaged with equal weights. However, in the presence of correlated models, the fusion process is required to account for association between models; otherwise, the naively averaged predictions will be suboptimal. This article describes optimal model fusion principles and illustrates the potential pitfalls of naive fusion in the presence of correlated models for binary data. An efficient algorithm for correlated model fusion is detailed and applied to algorithms mining social media information to predict civil unrest. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring the effectiveness of continuous activity with automatic feedback in online calculus
Authors: Sancho‐Vinuesa Teresa , Masià Ramon , Fuertes‐Alpiste Marc , Molas‐Castells Núria
Published: August 2017

Academic results in mathematics subjects in engineering, especially those taught online, are poor. The key contextual elements of an insufficient level of prior knowledge, poor motivation, and the intrinsic difficulty of the subject matter has led to the review of the study materials and the creation of a methodology based on continuous assessment with automatic feedback at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. The main objective of this article is to present evidence of improved learning outcomes with the application and use of WIRIS quizzes as an automatic assessment tool in calculus subjects. To that end, we carried out descriptive research with an ex‐post‐facto design, based on statistical analysis of the results for continuous assessment and students’ grades in 11 semesters. The new strategy has been applied in the last two academic years, based on introductory Moodle lessons and assessment with interactive questionnaires. The data obtained are inconclusive: In the first two semesters that the methodology was implemented, the results show a noticeable improvement in several key aspects, such as undertaking and passing the continuous assessment and improved results across the spectrum of grades. However, in the last two semesters, the results are generally similar to those obtained with the old methodology.