bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Monitoring of CD200 Mediated by Ascites-Derived Exosomes as a Predictor of Survival and Response to Front-Line Chemotherapeutics in Advanced High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Ji Ying , Liu Shanshan , Wang Genju , Chen Xin , Li Yujuan , Zhi Xiaogai , Jiang Hongxiu , Tang Juan , Ding Yi , Zhao Shuli , Zhou Hongmei , Xiong Aiwei
Published: October 2023

Background: Exosomes, harboring donor-cell-derived biomarkers, are implicated in transferring oncologic protein and genetic materials. CD200, an immune checkpoint, has been engineered to affect immunosuppression in ovarian cancer. However, the potential of CD200 to serve as a predictor of ovarian cancers remains unexplored. Methods: We performed dynamic measurements of exosome-mediated or serum CD200 levels at primary diagnosis, post-operation, and three cycles after chemotherapy. The receiver operating characteristic curve and cumulative survival rate were paralleled to decode the predictive and prognostic profiles. Results: Independent enrichment and identification of exosomes revealed a significant concentration of CD200, predominantly located within these exosomes. The CD200 level was elevated in non-responders compared to responders at the serial points and significantly decreased after treatment. At the 335.50 pg/mL cut-off, CD200 at primary diagnosis enabled accurate discrimination between responders and non-responders with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.902–0.979, p = 0.01). With the cut-off dropping from 311.00 pg/mL to 265.00 pg/mL, the AUC decreased from 0.918 (95% CI = 0.873–0.963, p = 0.02) to 0.908 (95% CI = 0.862–0.955, p = 0.02), respectively. Elevated levels of CD200 levels at both primary diagnosis and three cycles after chemotherapy were identified as independent predictors for poor progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.8, 95% CI = 2.08–3.49, p = 0.01; HR = 6.7, 95% CI = 4.01–8.02, p = 0.01, respectively) and overall survival (OS) (HR = 3.5, 95% CI = 2.14–4.99, p = 0.04; HR = 5.6, 95% CI = 3.01–7.34, p = 0.01, respectively). Based on CD200 dynamics, patients were stratified into high- and low-AUC groups. High CD200-AUC was independently associated with unfavourable PFS and OS (HR = 4.6, 95% CI = 3.6–15.7, p = 0.01; HR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.5–6.3, p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: This study proposes high exosome-mediated CD200 as a liquid-based biomarker indicative of chemotolerance and dismal survival in ovarian neoplasms.
Construction and Validation of a Prognostic Model of Metabolism-Related Genes Driven by Somatic Mutation in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Wei Liang , Ji Lina , Han Shuaihong , Xu Mingquan , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: October 2023

Background: Metabolic reprogramming is an important player in the prognosis of cancer patients. However, metabolism-related genes (MRGs) that are essential to the prognosis of bladder cancer (BLCA) are nor yet fully understood. The purpose of this study is to use bioinformatics methods to establish prognostic models based on MRGs in BLCA to screen potential biomarkers. Methods: Based on the transcriptomic data from BLCA patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, we identified the differentially expressed genes related to metabolism and analyzed the functional enrichment by edgeR package. A prognostic model was generated using univariate Cox regression analysis and validated using GEO dataset. The prognostic risk model was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier curve. The single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed the gene interaction networks and traced the development trajectories of distinct cell lineages. The levels of key metabolism-related biomarkers in vitro were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: We screened 201 differentially expressed metabolism-related genes (DEMRGs), which were significantly enriched in oxidative phosphorylation. The risk model was constructed by 5 biomarkers. qRT-PCR analysis verified that there is a significant higher expression of FASN and MTHFD1L in carcinoma tissue. Conclusions: This study constructed a novel prognostic model based on a combination of clinical and molecular factors that related to metabolic reprogramming, which has the potential to improve the prediction of independent prognosis indicators and management of BLCA patients, leading to better treatment outcomes and survival rates.
Discoveries in Retina Physiology and Disease Biology Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing
Authors: Zong Yuanjuan , Xiao Shengyan , Lei Daoxi , Li Huili
Published: October 2023

The retina, a component of the central nervous system, is composed of six distinct neuronal types and various types of glial cells. A technique for single-cell transcriptome analysis called single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) can be employed to study the complicated dynamics of several types of retinal cells. It meticulously examines how various cell types express their genes, shedding light on all biological processes. scRNA-seq is an alternative to regular RNA-seq, which cannot identify cellular heterogeneity. Understanding retinal diseases requires research on retinal cell heterogeneity. The identification of novel cell subpopulations can provide information about disease occurrence and progression as well as the specific biological functions of particular cells. We currently have a better understanding of the interactions among the brain, the retina, and its visual pathways thanks to the use of scRNA-seq to examine retinal development and disease pathogenesis. Additionally, this technology offers fresh perspectives on the sensitivity and molecular basis of cell subtypes linked to retinal diseases. Thanks to scRNA-seq technology, we now have a better understanding of the most recent developments and difficulties in retinal development and disorders. We believe that scRNA-seq is an important tool for developing cutting-edge treatments for retinal diseases. This paper presents a systematic review of the history of sRNA-seq technology development and provides an overview of the unique subtypes of retinal cells and the specific gene markers this technology identifies.
Bioinformatic Analysis and Experimental Validation of Ubiquitin-Proteasomal System-Related Hub Genes as Novel Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Wu Jie , You Guoxing , Guo Wenjie , Wang Yupeng , Yu Zhiyong , Geng Yan , Zhong Qinghua , Zan Jie , Zheng Linbo
Published: October 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disease. The Ubiquitin-Protease system (UPS), which plays important roles in maintaining protein homeostasis in eukaryotic cells, is involved in the development of AD. This study sought to identify differential UPS-related genes (UPGs) in AD patients by using bioinformatic methods, reveal potential biomarkers for early detection of AD, and investigate the association between the identified biomarkers and immune cell infiltration in AD. Methods: The differentially expressed UPGs were screened with bioinformatics analyses using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) analysis was performed to explore the key gene modules associated with AD. A Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) analysis was peformed to explore the patterns of immune cells in the brain tissue of AD patients. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to examine the expression of hub genes in blood samples from healthy controls and AD patients. Results: In this study, we identified four UPGs (USP3, HECW2, PSMB7, and UBE2V1) using multiple bioinformatic analyses. Furthermore, three UPGs (USP3, HECW2, PSMB7) that are strongly correlated with the clinical features of AD were used to construct risk score prediction markers to diagnose and predict the severity of AD. Subsequently, we analyzed the patterns of immune cells in the brain tissue of AD patients and the associations between immune cells and the three key UPGs. Finally, the risk score model was verified in several datasets of AD and showed good accuracy. Conclusions: Three key UPGs are identified as potential biomarker for AD patients. These genes may provide new targets for the early identification of AD patients.
A New Model of the Speed of Light Reflected from a Moving Mirror
Authors: Tadesse Henok
Published: October 2023

This is a new model/theory of the speed of light reflected from a moving mirror, with implications for the theory of special relativity.
Reply to: Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency
Authors: Tao Feng , Lehmann Johannes , Wang Ying-Ping , Jiang Lifen , Ahrens Bernhard , Viatkin Kostiantyn , Manzoni Stefano , Houlton Benjamin , Huang Yuanyuan , Hungate Bruce , Frey Serita , Schmidt Michael , Reichstein Markus , Carvalhais Nuno , Ciais Philippe , Mishra Umakant , Hugelius Gustaf , Hocking Toby , Lu Xingjie , Shi Zheng , Vargas Ronald , Yigini Yusuf , Omuto Christian , Malik Ashish , Peralta Guillermo , Cuevas-Corona Rosa , Di Paolo Luciano , Luotto Isabel , Liao Cuijuan , Liang Yi-Shuang , Saynes Vinisa , Huang Xiaomeng , Luo Yiqi
Published: October 2023

In their commentary, Xiao et al. cautioned that the conclusions on the critical role of microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) in global soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in a paper by Tao et al. (2023) might be too simplistic. They claimed that Tao et al.’s study lacked mechanistic consideration of SOC formation and excluded important datasets. Xiao et al. brought up important points, which can be largely reconciled with our findings by understanding the differences in expressing processes in empirical studies and in models.
Techniques for supercharging academic writing with generative AI
Authors: Lin Zhicheng
Published: October 2023

Academic writing is an indispensable yet laborious part of the research enterprise. This article maps out principles and methods for using generative artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models (LLMs), to elevate the quality and efficiency of academic writing. It introduces a human–AI collaborative framework that delineates the rationale (“why”), process (“how”), and nature (“what”) of AI engagement in writing. The framework pinpoints both short-term and long-term reasons for engagement, their underlying mechanisms (e.g., cognitive offloading and imaginative stimulation), and the need for a learning mindset to avoid overreliance on AI. It reveals the role of AI throughout the writing process, conceptualized through a two-stage model for human–AI collaborative writing, and the nature of AI assistance in writing, represented through a model of writing-assistance types and levels. Building on this framework, it then describes effective prompting techniques for incorporating AI into the writing routine—outlining, drafting, and editing—as well as strategies for maintaining rigor and adhering to ethics and policies. Ultimately, the prudent integration of AI into academic writing can ease the communication burden, empower authors, accelerate discovery, and promote diversity in science.
Domain Specific Associations between Psychopathology and Neurocognitive Functioning
Authors: Zoupou Eirini , Moore Tyler Maxwell , Calkins Monica E. , Gur Raquel E. , Gur Ruben C. , Scott J. Cobb
Published: October 2023

Background: Neurocognitive dysfunction is a transdiagnostic finding in psychopathology, but relationships among cognitive domains and general and specific psychopathology dimensions remain unclear. This study aimed to examine associations between cognition and psychopathology dimensions in a large youth cohort.Method: The sample (N=9,350; age 8-21 years) was drawn from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. Data from structured clinical interviews were modeled using bifactor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), resulting in an overall psychopathology (‘p’) factor score and 6 orthogonal psychopathology dimensions: dysphoria/distress, obsessive-compulsive, behavioral/externalizing, attention deficit/hyperactivity, phobias, and Psychosis. Neurocognitive data were aggregated using correlated-traits CFA into 5 factors: executive functioning, memory, complex cognition, social cognition, and sensorimotor speed. We examined relationships among specific and general psychopathology dimensions and neurocognitive factors. Results: The final model showed both overall and specific associations between cognitive functioning and psychopathology, with acceptable fit (CFI=.91; TLI=.90; RMSEA=.024; SRMR=.054). Overall psychopathology and most psychopathology dimensions were negatively associated with neurocognitive functioning [phobias (p<.0005), behavioral/externalizing (p<.0005), attention deficit/hyperactivity (p<.0005), psychosis (p<.0005 to p<.05)], except for dysphoria/distress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, which were positively associated with complex cognition (p<.05 and p<.01, respectively).Conclusion: By modeling a broad range of cognitive and psychopathology domains in a large, diverse sample of youth, we found aspects of neurocognitive functioning shared across clinical phenotypes, as well as domain-specific patterns. Findings support transdiagnostic examination of cognitive performance to parse variability in the link between neurocognitive functioning and clinical phenotypes.
Influence of age and cognitive demand on motor decision making under uncertainty: a study on goal directed reaching movements
Authors: Krüger Melanie , Puri Rohan , summers jeff , Hinder Mark R.
Published: October 2023

In everyday life, we constantly make decisions about actions to be performed subsequently. Research on motor decision making has provided empirical evidence for an influence of decision uncertainty on movement execution in young adults. Further, decision uncertainty was suggested to be increased in older adults due to limited cognitive resources for the integration of information and the prediction of the decision outcomes. However, the influence of cognitive aging on decision uncertainty during motor decision making and movement execution has not been investigated, yet. Thus, in the current study, we presented young and older adults with a motor decision making task, in which participants had to decide on pointing towards one out of five potential targets under varying cognitive demands. Statistical analyses revealed stronger decreases in correctly deciding upon the pointing target and decision confidence from low to higher cognitive demand in older as compared to young adults. Further, older adults executed reaching movements with longer reaction times and increased path length. Last, reaction time and variability in movement execution were both affected by cognitive demand. The outcomes of this study provide a differentiated picture of the distinct and joint effects of aging and cognitive demand during motor decision making.
From empirical problem-solving to theoretical problem-finding perspectives on the cognitive sciences
Authors: Adolfi Federico G , van de Braak Laura , Woensdregt Marieke
Published: October 2023

Meta-theoretical perspectives on the research problems and activities of (cognitive) scientists often emphasize empirical problems and problem-solving as the main aspects that account for scientific progress. While certainly useful to shed light on issues of theory-observation relationships, these conceptual analyses typically begin when empirical problems are already there for researchers to solve. As a result, the role of theoretical problems and problem-finding remain comparatively obscure. How do the scientific problems of Cognitive Science arise, and what do they comprise, empirically and theoretically? Here we attempt to understand the research activities that lead to adequate explanations through a broader conception of the problems researchers must attend to and how they come about. To this end, we bring theoretical problems and problem-finding out of obscurity to paint a more integrative picture of how these complement empirical problems and problem-solving to advance cognitive science.
Sample, time, and wording effects on estimating the prevalence of childfree adults: Insights from Japan
Authors: Neal Zachary P. , Neal Jennifer Watling
Published: October 2023

Childfree adults neither have nor want children, but estimates of their prevalence vary widely, leading to ambiguity about how common this family status actually is. The goal of this study is to examine the effects of sample composition, time, and question wording on estimates of the prevalence of childfree adults. We pool 83 nationally representative estimates of the prevalence of childfree adults in Japan since 2000 using meta-regression to identify the influence of sex, marital status, year, and survey question. Prevalence estimates are higher when computed from samples of women than men, from samples of singles than married people, from samples collected more recently, and from surveys asking questions about expectations than wants. Most of the variation in estimates of the prevalence of childfree adults can be attributed to differences in sample composition, time, and question wording. Taking these factors into account, we estimate that over 2.5 million Japanese adults age 18-50, or 5.64% of this population, were childfree in 2020.
Contemporary Global Crisis: Distancing Religion from Politics
Authors: P.M Suresh Kumar
Published: October 2023

Religion is exercising greater influence upon people in present times than ever before. Elementary forms of religious life could be traced to the distant past, although they evolved to such classic forms over the years. Religion has contributed to consolidating human groups into larger unified societies. Polity is a much later outcome of organized life. The former existed before and the latter evolved later. Religion always maintained a status quo. It has been static for a given population, while polity has been witnessing changes during different times across the world and in any given society independent of religion. However, both served to maintain social order. Notwithstanding these, religion has been an oppressive instrument, in as much the same way as politics, the modus operandi differs though. Religion has inbuilt elements serving oppression wholly or partly to various segments of the population as it applies to. Politics has undergone bureaucratization with increased concentration of power, rigidity of hierarchy, and leadership stereotyping. One of the contemporary disturbing developments has been the increasingly predatory role of religion over politics. A variety of factors contributed to it. Chiefly, at the local level are selective education, religious indoctrination, repressive dogmas, and increasing radicalism. At the global level factors such as invasions and conquest, power disequilibrium, demographic factors, geo-political factors, trade gaps, and monopoly of Resources, etc. are added to it. This study is an attempt to examine the nexus between religion and politics and how it is furthering the enslavement of the masses.
Child Penalties in Canada
Authors: Connolly Marie , Fontaine Marie Mélanie , Haeck Catherine
Published: October 2023

Le fait d’avoir des enfants a un impact considérable sur les résultats des femmes sur le marché du travail, mais pas sur ceux des hommes. Les effets différentiels du parentage selon le sexe, ce qu’on appelle la pénalité liée aux enfants ou la pénalité parentale, sont désormais documentés pour de nombreux pays. Dans cet article, nous exploitons les données de l’Étude longitudinale et internationale des adultes pour estimer les pénalités liées aux enfants au Canada, tant à l’égard des revenus que de l’emploi, sur une période allant de cinq ans avant la naissance du premier enfant à dix ans après. À partir d’une méthode fondée sur l’étude d’évènements, nous constatons des effets négatifs importants et durables de la parentalité chez les mères, mais pas chez les pères. Les revenus des mères diminuent de 49% l’année de la naissance, et la pénalité est toujours de 34,3% dix ans plus tard; en ce qui concerne l’emploi, la pénalité correspondante est de 14,2%. Nous documentons également les effets négatifs plus importants de la parentalité pour les femmes qui ont de nombreux enfants et pour celles qui ont un niveau de scolarité inférieur. Enfin, nous fournissons des données qui suggèrent que des politiques familiales telles que le congé parental et les services de garde subventionnés pourraient contribuer à réduire les pénalités liées aux enfants.
“Ben, Şair OpenAI”: Yapay Zekâ Tarafından Yazılan Şiirlerde Varoluşçuluk
Authors: YAZBAHAR Zehra
Published: October 2023

Makinelerin gün geçtikçe daha da önemli bir yere sahip olması ile birlikte hayatımıza giren yapay zekâ teknolojisi; sağlıktan hukuka, eğitimden ekonomiye, iktisattan matematiğe, astronomiden felsefeye, psikolojiden sosyolojiye kadar birçok alanı etkisi altına aldığı gibi edebiyatı da etkilemiştir. Diğer bir ifadeyle bilimsel ya da teknolojik değişmeler ve gelişmeler neticesinde oluşan yapay zekâ teknolojileri, edebiyat alanında da kullanılmaya başlanan ve ilerleyen zamanlarda kullanımı yaygınlaşabilecek sistemler arasında yer almıştır. Gerek şiir, tiyatro, hikâye gibi metinlerin üretiminde gerek bu metinlerin analiz edilmesinde ya da farklı dillere çevrilmesinde yararlanılabilen yapay zekâ teknolojisi, edebiyatın geleceğini şekillendiren ve yönlendiren önemli bir unsur hâline gelmiştir. Böylelikle duygu ve düşüncelerin ifade edilme yollarından olan edebiyatın dijital dönüşüm sürecini de başlatmıştır. Bu makalede yapay zekâ programlarından OpenAI’ın “varoluşçuluk, yalnızlık, yabancılaşma, kaçış, ölüm” anahtar kelimeleri çerçevesinde yazmış olduğu “Gizli Sessizliklerin Şarkısı”, “Yalnızlığın Sessizliği”, “Ölümün Sessizliğindeki Yalnızlık” ve “Uzaklığın İç Yankısı” başlıklarını taşıyan dört şiir, varoluşçu çerçevede incelenerek hem yapay zekâ programının verilen anahtar kelimeleri kullanarak temaya ne derece uygun şiirler yazdığı/yazabildiği görülmüş hem de şiirler, varoluşçu bakış açısıyla irdelenmiştir.
EFFICIENCY OF THE IMPULSE METHOD OF PROTECTION AGAINST HYDRAULIC SHOCKS IN ENSURING THE SAFETY OF MINE OUTFLOWS
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Overko Mykhailo , Virych Svitlana , Babenko Maryna
Published: October 2023

Purpose. Confirmation of the effectiveness of the impulse method of protection against hydraulic shocks, obtaining data for further generalization of research and development of a suitable device for the implementation of the proposed protection method. Methodology.To achieve the goal, a mathematical model was created that describes the transient process in the pipeline of a pumping unit equipped with a device for increasing hydraulic resistance after the pump unit is turned off. A computer experiment was conducted using the MATLAB software environment. Results.The effectiveness of the impulse method of protection against hydraulic shocks, which begin with a wave of pressure reduction, has been confirmed. Scientific novelty. An algorithm for calculating the transient process in the pipeline of a pumping unit equipped with a device for increasing hydraulic resistance after the pump unit is turned off has been developed. The research results were obtained, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed impulse method of protection against hydraulic shocks. Practical significance. Taking into account that when using jet diodes, the reverse resistance is insufficient for effective dissipation of hydraulic shock energy, a method is proposed, which consists in increasing the hydraulic resistance of the pipeline in both directions after turning off the pumping unit. The specified method is called pulsed, as it consists in a rapid change in local hydraulic resistance, which is created by special protection devices. This method of protection can be implemented using mechatronic-based devices. Keywords: mine drainage, hydraulic shock, pressure pipeline, transition process, impulse method, hydraulic resistance.
Design of Android-Based Augmented Reality Physics Book for Grade XII of High School Chapter 9 Digital Technology
Authors: Elfisa  , Safwan  , Rizky Fadhillah
Published: October 2023

Many senior high school students still rely on printed books for their learning, but these books often only provide 2D images with written explanations. This made Students difficult to fully ubnderstand the 3D nature of the images, especially in subjects like physic. To address this issue, the author developed an application using Augmented Reality (AR) Technology Which focused on Chapter IX of the physics textbook, mainly on "Digital Technology". This AR application students with more interesting and interactive learning experiences by showcasing animation and 3D designs. Based on he questionnaire result, from 120 students of SMK Negeri 1 Langsa it was found that 96.17% agreed that this AR app was an effective learning tool and 3.83% disagreed. So it can be concluded that this AR application can be an alternative for students and teachers as a learning media and it easier to understand, interesting, and fun in the teaching and learning process.
CONCEPT OF OBJECT-SPATIAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE PESCHANIY PENINSULA IN VLADIVOSTOK URBAN DISTRICT
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Chikalova Svetlana A. , Tlusty Ruslan E. ,   Far Eastern Federal University
Published: October 2023

The paper presents the concept of the object-spatial environment of the coastal territory and water approaches of the Peschaniy Peninsula, located within the boundaries of Vladivostok urban district. Pre-project analysis, including photo-fixation of the current state of the territory, identification of its shortcomings and conducting a social survey, showed that it did not meet modern requirements for comfort and transport accessibility, had an aesthetically unattractive appearance. The main goal of the article was to suggest the project that would increase the quality of the urban environment and solve several problems of site improvement at once. Creating a comfortable urban environment, improving transportation accessibility of island and coastal territories, and developing tourist and recreational infrastructure are necessary for social and economic development of Vladivostok as the capital of the Far East.
PARAMETRIC FLUCTUATIONS OF UNDERGROUND AND ELEVATED OIL PIPELINE
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Razov Igor O. , Sokolov Vladimir G. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen, Dmitriev Andrey V. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen, Bereznev Alexey V. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen
Published: October 2023

Based on the use of the assumptions of the theory of closed cylindrical shells by Vasiliy Z. Vlasov, the authors suggested an analytical method for the study of dynamic instability of pipelines. The nonstationary internal pressure induced by the pumping equipment of the pumping stations is considered as the stimulation source. This pressure excites the longitudinal compressive force, the elastic soil resistance reaction, and the velocity of the flowing fluid. The result of the proposed method is inequalities that take into account the damping properties of the ground and the above factors. By means of these inequalities, it can be determined the upper and lower limits of the region depending on the excitation frequency of the pumping station. And the estimation of the stability loss is reduced to the determination of the value of the natural pipeline frequency. If a point falls into the constructed region, the appearance of parametric resonance is inevitable. Comparison of the instability areas for elevated and underground installation depending on the longitudinal force parameter showed that the shift of the area for the underground method is towards the increase of the longitudinal force parameter.
NIKOLAEVSKOE CITY SCHOOL IN TYUMEN. RESEARCH MATERIALS
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Klimenko Aleksandr I. , Yugai Victoria V. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the building of former Nikolaevskoe city school in Tyumen. The Institute of Design, Reconstruction and Restoration of Urban Environment Objects of LLC "Tyumenproekt" under the direction of Alexander I. Klimenko carried out a comprehensive scientific study, including historical and archival and bibliographic sources, as well as materials of field research, and made the most reliable graphic reconstruction of the object. The materials of the study may become the basis for further work, including the restoration project of building and its adaptation to the modern conditions of city life.
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF TRAFFIC ORGANIZATION BY THE METHOD OF THE OFFSET LEFT TURN
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Morozov Viacheslav V.
Published: October 2023

The object of the study is the process of traffic flow in cities, and the subject is this process in relation to regulated street intersections. The main goal of the study is improving the efficiency of traffic organization by preventing the formation of traffic congestion on the street and road network. To achieve this, the creation of an offset left turn was proposed. During the study, the street and road network of Tyumen was considered, and areas for possible construction of the offset left turn were identified. The regulated intersection of 50 Let VLKSM St. and Geologorazvedchikov St. was chosen as the most appropriate. The results of the study showed that the use of the offset left turn would significantly reduce traffic delays and accident risk by reducing conflict points. The evaluation of the effectiveness of proposed solutions also confirmed the positive technological, social, economic and environmental effects.
FINANCIALIZATION
Authors: Hann Chris , Kalb Don
Published: October 2023

Beginning with an original historical vision of financialization in human history, this volume then continues with a rich set of contemporary ethnographic case studies from Europe, Asia and Africa. Authors explore the ways in which finance inserts itself into relationships of class and kinship, how it adapts to non-Western religious traditions, and how it reconfigures legal and ecological dimensions of social organization, and urban social relations in general. Central themes include the indebtedness of individuals and households, the impact of digital technologies, the struggle for housing, financial education, and political contestation.
Concorde's Tyres
Authors: Rollason Will
Published: October 2023

This article explores the Concorde crash of 25 July 2000, seeking to show how law and regulation do crucial ontological work in the maintenance of commercial flight, and likely other aspects of modern techno-social arrangements. I argue that law and regulation cannot be seen as an exteriority, constraining and shaping the production of technology, but should be viewed as a component in the production of a physico-legal reality that a machine embodies. The Concorde disaster, by this logic, happened when that reality proved to be inadequate. It sparked a physical redesign of the aircraft, but also an intertwined effort to repair it normatively. Commercial flight is thus a total phenomenon comprising physical and social laws. This, I suggest, is the ontological significance of law and regulation in the production and maintenance of airliners.
Consumer in Sustainable Textiles: A Scientometric Review
Authors:   Faculty of Design and Architecture, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Cui Can , Shaari Nazlina ,   Faculty of Design and Architecture, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: October 2023

In the realm of textiles, numerous brands are endeavouring to embrace sustainable development and prioritize consumer orientation. Nevertheless, during the actual sales process, sustainability is frequently communicated to consumers through the medium of sustainable fabrics, often failing to elicit profound resonance among them. This study uses scientometry to conduct a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the current status of the textile industry based on consumers, aiming to explore the current situation and development direction between consumers and the sustainable behaviour of the textile industry. From 2014 to 2023, the Scopus database included 1010 articles related to the clothing field, based on user-oriented research. The analysis results of this study are as follows: 50 research keywords appear in the knowledge base; 8 current research areas; 10 research hotspots; 10 important knowledge references in this field; Practitioners have a better understanding of the current status and trends of sustainable development in the clothing field under user guidance. The research results provide suggestions for the sustainable development of the textile industry, promote effective communication between the textile industry and consumers on a sustainable level, and help improve the consumer stickiness and sustainable development of the textile industry.
The expression of Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 by immunohistochemistry in patients with colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Hussein Areej A. , Ibrahim Basim M. , Kashman Basim M.
Published: October 2023

Background: Human colorectal carcinogenesis is a complex, multistep and multigenetic process. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 are key enzyme in degradation of extracellular material, are over expressed in several epithelia like colorectal adenocarcinoma.Objectives: This study was designed to detect the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 in patients with colorectal carcinoma and their correlation with age, gender, tumor grade and presence or absence of muscle invasion.Materials and methods: Immunohistochemical staining of MMP-2 and COX-2 was determined in 40 tissue samples from colorectal patients, from teaching laboratories in Baghdad medical city. In addition twelve apparently normal colorectal autopsies were used as a control group.Results: The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 was detected in 30 of 40 colorectal cancer cases (75%) while cyclooxygenase-2 was detected in 31 0f 40 colorectal cancer cases (77.5%). All normal colorectal specimens showed negative results. The incidence of both of them was higher for grade II than those in earlier grade.Conclusion: Cancer cells to have a more aggressive behavior may show an up regulation of tumor cell derived matrix metalloproteinase-2 and cyclooxygenase-2.
The effect of topical administration of sildenafil in acute ocular hypertension model in rabbits.
Authors: Matloub Samir Y. N.
Published: October 2023

Background: Nitric oxide ( NO) is a physiological mediator of many processes in the eye including regulation of aqueous humor dynamics. Compounds acting via NO dependent mechanisms may enhance aqueous humor outflow and reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) .Objective: Sildenafil a cGMP specific phosphodiesterase 5inhibitor that potentiates NO production and increases cyclic GMP is tested in this study for its effects on intraocular pressure in an acute ocular hypertension model in rabbits.Materials and methods: Newzealand albino rabbits of either sex weighing 2–2.5 Kg , were used in this study. Sildenafil was prepared in a vehicle of phosphate buffer and diluted to the required strength of 0.5%. Intraocular pressure (IOP ) was measured after 45 seconds of one drop of proparacaine topical anesthesia by using schiotz indentation tonometer. Basal IOP was obtained for both eyes using 12 rabbits .One drop of sildenafil (0.5%) was then topically instilled in the left eye while the right eye received the vehicle and served as a control. After 30 minutes of drug and vehicle administration the IOP was measured in both eyes and acute ocular hypertension was induced by the administration of 15ml/kg 5% glucose. The IOP was then recorded every 15 min for 180 minutes.Results: Topical 0.5% sildenafil administration had no effect on the basal IOP levels. However sildenafil significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated the acute rise in IOP induced by 5% glucose infusion. The IOP levels returned to their basal values in shorter time with sildenafil compared to the controlConclusion: Topical sildenafil pretreatment reduces IOP in acutely induced intraocular hypertension.
Clinical Evaluation of Prochlorperazine Risk / Benefit in Emergency Department Patients Receiving I.V Tramadol
Authors: Abdul- Razzaq Mshiemish Bahir
Published: October 2023

Background: antiemetics are commonly prescribed as prophylactic for nausea and vomiting when opiates analgesics are prescribed in the emergency department.Objective: to assess the incidence of nausea and vomiting after tramadol analgesia, and the effect of prochlorperazine on this incidence.Patients and methods: I.V tramadol was administered with prochlorperzine (group I) or pyridoxine (group II) to 44 patients with acute sever pain.Results: the incidence of nausea and vomiting was not significant between patient groups; while the occurance of extrapyramidal side effects was only seen in the prochlorperazine group. The low incidence of nausea and vomiting after opiate analgesic and higher incidence of side effects with prochloperazine are consistent with controlled data in literature.Conclusion: prophylactic prochlorperazine should not be used routinely in emergency department for patients receiving narcotic analgesia.
REVIEW OF DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF WOOD
Authors: Lomunov A.K. , Bragov A.M. , Gonov M.E. , Yuzhina T.N. , Krymov N.V.
Published: October 2023

This review considers the state of the art in the field of theoretical and experimental studies of dynamic deformation and destruction of wood materials. The orthogonal properties of wood, features of early and late wood are considered, the dynamic properties of wood are analyzed, as well as the influence of the strain rate during dynamic compression.
It is noted that wood of different species is mainly used as one of the materials that dampen dynamic loads as a result of impacts or explosions. For example, it can mitigate the effects of high-velocity impacts on the contents of containers during the transport of hazardous materials by air, road and rail.
It has been established that the cause of the effects of internal friction in wood are the areas of lignin, in which bundles of cellulose molecules (microfibrils) with a diameter of 25-30 nm are immersed, which are crystalline in their structure, which leads to viscoelastic behavior - internal damping. To improve the damping properties, it is recommended to choose wood with a low microfibril angle.
It is noted that the stress-strain curve under dynamic compression of wood consists of three separate parts: the initial elastic region, the yield region and the compaction region. The main characteristics of compression, that is, the components of the stress-strain curve and the destruction of the fibers, do not depend on temperature. Young's modulus is much larger in the longitudinal direction than in the radial and tangential directions. The rate of deformation, temperature and humidity have a great influence on the strength properties of wood.
The features of the mechanical behavior of the zones of early and late wood in the massif of a tree trunk are considered. Late wood is more rigid than early wood. As a result, differences in the mechanical properties of the wood fibers during compression may cause the early wood fibers to be destroyed while the late wood fibers remain intact.
Due to the complexity of the wood structure, its reliable description by a numerical model requires complex models that take into account not only the influence of temperature, strain rate, and the type of stress-strain state, but also the angle between the direction of loading and the direction of wood fibers. Two main groups of wood material models are considered: micromechanical models simulating the details of the wood structure, and continuum models simulating the behavior of wood as a whole.
THE ROLE OF ELASTIC STRESS DURING THERMOMIGRATION OF LIQUID ZONES BASED ON ALUMINUM IN SILICON
Authors: Shirokov V.B. , Seredin B.M. , Timoshenko P.E. , Kalinchuk V.V. , Popov V.P.
Published: October 2023

The method of thermomigration of liquid zones based on aluminum makes it possible to create complex structures of closed channels with boundaries formed from p-n junctions in single-crystal silicon wafers. The channels are characterized by the uniformity of their properties, and the pn junctions are characterized by their sharpness. Such structures are used in high-current electronics, photovoltaics, and microelectromechanical converters. Volumetric deformation inside and outside the channel due to alloying of silicon with aluminum leads to the formation of mechanical stresses. The equilibrium shape of the channels formed at high temperatures is determined by the minimum elastic energy and depends on the material parameters and geometry of the structure. Within the framework of the linear theory of elasticity, the behavior of elastic energy during the formation of the structure of thermomigration channels at high temperatures doped with aluminum in a single-crystalline (001) cut disk was studied. The simulation was performed using the finite element method in the COMSOL Multiphysics mathematical package. The study was carried out for practically important structures in which the direction of the edges is oriented along the diagonal of the square. Only such structures do not have breaks during the process of thermomigration. Based on the calculation results, it was revealed that the minimum elastic energy corresponds to structures with different crystalline orientations inside the channel and outside it – in the main silicon matrix. The direction of the crystalline axes inside the channel, corresponding to the minimum elastic energy, is rotated by 45 degrees in the plane of the disk relative to the direction of the axes of the main matrix of the silicon crystal. In addition, calculations showed that with such a turn, the shape of the channels changes. The minimum elastic energy corresponds not to vertical structures, but to inclined ones. The angle of inclination of the pyramids depends on the width of the channels and the distance between them.
Revised elliptic curve cryptography multi-signature scheme (RECC-MSS) for enhancing security in electronic health record (EHR) system
Authors: Uganya G. , Bommi R.M. , Muthu Krishnammal P. , Vijayaraj N.
Published: October 2023

Internet of things (IoT) is a recent developing technology in the field of smart healthcare. But it is difficult to transfer the patient’s health record as a centralized network. So, “blockchain technology” has excellent consideration due to its unique qualities such as decentralized network, openness, irreversible data, and cryptography functions. Blockchain technology depends on cryptography hash techniques for safe transmission. For increased security, it transforms the variable size inputs into a constant length hash result. Current cryptographic hash algorithms with digital signatures are only able to access keys up to a size of 256 bytes and have concerns with single node accessibility. It just uses the bits that serve as the key to access the data. This paper proposes the “Revised Elliptic Curve Cryptography Multi-Signature Scheme” (RECC-MSS) for multinode availability to find the nearest path for secure communications with the medical image as keys. Here, the input image key can be converted into an array of data that can be extended up to 512 bytes of size. The performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed with other cryptography hash functions like Secure Hashing Algorithms (SHAs) such as “SHA224”, “SHA256”, “SHA384”, “SHA512”, “SHA3-224”, “SHA3-256”, “SHA3-384”, “SHA3-512”, and “Message Digest5” (MD5) by “One-way ANOVA” test in terms of “accuracy”, “throughput” and “time complexity”. The proposed scheme with ECC achieved the throughput of 17.07 kilobytes per 200 nano seconds, 93.25% of accuracy, 1.5 nanoseconds latency of signature generation, 1.48 nanoseconds latency of signature verification, 1.5 nanoseconds of time complexity with 128 bytes of hash signature. The RECC-MSS achieved the significance of 0.001 for accuracy and 0.002 for time complexity which are less than 0.05. From the statistical analysis, the proposed algorithm has significantly high accuracy, high throughput and less time complexity than other cryptography hash algorithms.
Alzheimer’s disease detection using residual neural network with LSTM hybrid deep learning models
Authors: Vidhya R. , Banavath Dhanalaxmi , Kayalvili S. , Naidu Swarna Mahesh , Charles Prabu V. , Sugumar D. , Hemalatha R. , Vimal S. , Vidhya R.G.
Published: October 2023

Early Alzheimer’s disease detection is essential for facilitating prompt intervention and enhancing the quality of care provided to patients. This research presents a novel strategy for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease that makes use of sophisticated sampling methods in conjunction with a hybrid model of deep learning. We use stratified sampling, ADASYN (Adaptive Synthetic Sampling), and Cluster- Centroids approaches to ensure a balanced representation of Alzheimer’s and non-Alzheimer’s cases during model training in order to meet the issues posed by imbalanced data distributions in clinical datasets. This allows us to solve the challenges posed by imbalanced data distributions in clinical datasets. A strong hybrid architecture is constructed by combining a Residual Neural Network (ResNet) with Residual Neural Network (ResNet) units. This architecture makes the most of both the feature extraction capabilities of ResNet and the capacity of LSTM to capture temporal dependencies. The findings demonstrate that the model is superior to traditional approaches to machine learning and single-model architectures in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The hybrid deep learning model demonstrates exceptional capabilities in identifying early indicators of Alzheimer’s disease with a high degree of accuracy, which paves the way for early diagnosis and treatment. In addition, an interpretability study is carried out in order to provide light on the decision-making process underlying the model. This helps to contribute to a better understanding of the characteristics and biomarkers that play a role in the identification of Alzheimer’s disease. In general, the strategy that was provided provides a promising foundation for accurate and reliable Alzheimer’s disease identification. It does this by harnessing the capabilities of hybrid deep learning models and sophisticated sampling approaches to improve clinical decision support and, as a result, eventually improve patient outcomes.