bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educación artística y superación de las vulnerabilidades
Authors: Torres Sara , Trozzo Ester , Soria Soledad
Published: December 2020

La identidad del sujeto discapacitado es construida también por la mirada social que lo estigmatiza desde un habitus discapacitante dictado por mandatos de economía y consumo. La práctica de las disciplinas artísticas aporta espacios de autoexploración, expresión, aceptación e inclusión y promueve actitudes de autoconcepto y autoestima saludable. Contribuye a superar estados de vulnerabilidad porque construye una representación social de la discapacidad que valora la singularidad y el reposicionamiento social de la diversidad. El Teatro, entendido como una manifestación artística contextualizada, posibilita procesos de crecimiento personal y grupal. A través de la producción artística teatral cada integrante, de acuerdo a sus capacidades, se siente constructor y, a la vez, es construido en una identidad empoderada
MoS2 FET fabrication using adhesion lithography and their application to chemical sensors
Authors: Ban Takahiko , Ogura Masaki , Yamamoto Shin-ichi
Published: December 2020

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) field effect transistors (FETs) are investigated for chemical sensor applications. However, the formation of electrodes after a MoS2 transistor is transferred to the substrate results in process damage. In this work, MoS2 FETs are fabricated by implementing a gate, source, and drain pre-formation, and then by transferring MoS2 using polydimethylsiloxane. The fabricated FETs are characterized after their exposure to ethanol vapor as a case study for chemical sensor applications. A sub-threshold swing of 72 mV/dec can be observed for a fabricated FET with a field effect mobility of 5.05 cm2 V−1 s−1. The ON/OFF ratio is approximately 104. No significant change in the FET’s properties due to contact resistance is observed. Next, V
th is shifted to a 1.7 V-positive value upon ethanol vapor exposure. By removing the ethanol vapor, a 1.4 V-negative shift in the threshold voltage value is observed compared with that before the ethanol vapor removal.
Liquid level control with different control methods based on Matlab/Simulink and Arduino for the control systems lesson
Authors: YUMURTACI Mehmet , VERİM Özgür
Published: December 2020

Liquid level control is needed in many areas, from simple to complex, from daily life to industry. With the developed system in this study, it was aimed to ensure the students of the control system course to learn the concepts of a closed-loop control system and to observe the effect of changes in the system in real-time. The system consists of two tanks, a pump, a pressure sensor, a power supply, a regulated voltage source, a computer, and an Arduino Due board. By using the Matlab/Simulink and added Arduino blocks, software of the control system was created without code need. It is possible to control the liquid level system via the control board through the computer, as well as to control it without a computer by the embedded software. Liquid level control is carried out with different types of control methods from basic level to advanced level (On-off, PID, ANN-PID, and Fuzzy-PID controller). It is also possible to record the desired parameters in real-time, such as reference level, actual level, error signal, and control signal, in the liquid level control system. In this study, an interface for a PID controller was prepared using Matlab/Gui. It was concluded that with Matlab/Simulink blocks added to the system, different control methods could be applied easily.
Hubungan Pengkonsumsian Buah Pepaya Hijau Terhadap Kelancaran Produksi Asi Pada Ibu Menyusui di Desa Tanjung Alam Tahun 2020
Authors: Jahriani Nani
Published: December 2020

ASI adalah hadiah terindah dari ibu kepada bayi yang disekresikan oleh kedua belah kelenjar payudara ibu berupa makanan alamiah atau susu terbaik bernutrisi dan berenergi tinggi yang mudah dicerna dan mengandung komposisi nutrisi yang seimbang dan sempurna untuk tumbuh kembang bayi yang tersedia setiap saat, siap disajikan dalam suhu kamar dan bebas dari kontaminasi. Provinsi Sumatera Utara sendiri memiliki cakupan persentase anak yang diberi ASI eksklusif dari tahun 2010-2015 cenderung menurun signifikan, cakupan ASI eksklusif pada tahun 2010 sebesar 55,1% sedangkan pada tahun 2015 mengalami penurunan dibandingkan tahun 2014 yaitu sekitar 62.777 (33%) dari 189.985 jiwa. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pre-eksperimental designs. Bentuk penelitian pre-eksperimental ini dilaksanakan dengan rancangan one-group pretest-posttest design yang mana pada desain ini terdapat pretest (sebelum diberi perlakuan). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu menyusui yang memiliki masalah pada produksi ASI yang tidak lancar sebanyak 10 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah kuota sampling sampel sebanyak 10 orang. Data diambil dengan lembar check list dan diolah dengan univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian ini pretest mayoritas responden sebelum mengkonsumsi buah pepaya hijau mengalami ketidak lancaran ASI sebanyak 10 orang (100%). Sedangkan dari hasil posttest mayoritas responden setelah mengkonsumsi buah pepaya hijau yang ASI nya lancar sebanyak 10 orang (10%). Hasil dari Uji Chi-Square, di mana nilai P value adalah 0,038 < 0,05. Hal ini memiliki arti bahwa hipotesis yang masuk (H0) ditolak dan Ha diterima dimana memiliki arti bahwa ada hubungan antara pengkonsumsian buah pepaya hijau dengan kelancaran produksi asi pada ibu menyusui di desa tanjung alam tahun 2020. Kesimpulan penelitian ada hubungan pengkonsumsian buah pepaya hijau terhadap kelancaran produksi ASI pada ibu menyusui di Desa Tanjung Alam Tahun 2020. Disarankan kepada kepala desa untuk menganjurkan kepada petugas kesehatan untuk memberikan penyuluhan tentang kelancaran produksi ASI pada ibu menyusui
A CLINICALANALYSIS OF THE OUTCOME OF CHIVATE'S PROCEDURE AND MILLIGAN-MORGAN PROCEDURE FOR HAEMORRHOIDS
Authors: Vardhani G. Santhi , Jahan Asmat , Jaseem Md Shadab
Published: December 2020

Aim: To study the outcome of the Chivate’s transanal suture rectopexy with milligan morgan procedure in patients of haemorrhoids from clinical perspective.
Methods: From April 2018 to September 2019,30 patients of haemorrhoids(grade III/ IV) were randomly assigned to undergo either the transanal suture rectopexy (n= 15) or Milligan Morgan procedure (n=15). Outcome assessment was performed at 12 hours,24 hours,3days,weekly once for 1 month,monthly once for 5months. Variables included Post-operative complications, resolution of symptoms.
Results: Both the groups were comparable in terms of demographic data. Of the 15 patients who underwent Chivate’s procedure, none of the patients complained of Pain. 1pt had minimal bleeding intra-operatively. 3 pts had urinary retention and another 2 pts had transient anal incontinence to flatus. Mild mucous discharge per rectum noted in 1 patient. All the patients were discharged in 24hrs. Of the 15 patients who underwent Milligan-Morgan procedure, 10 patients complained of severe pain in the post-operative periods. Bleeding was seen intra operatively in 3 pts and urinary retention seen in 1 pt. Mild mucus discharge per rectum was seen in the early post-operative period in 1 pt. Most of the patients stayed under admission for 3-4days. There was difficulty in passing stools postop in 3patients, thus, requiring increased use of laxatives in these patients. None of the patients had residual pile masses or recurrence in this study after long term follow up.
Conclusion: Transanal suture rectopexy certainly offers lower incidence of post-op morbidities and better patient compliance than milligan morgan open hemorrhoidectomy.
Learning by Passing Tests, with Application to Neural Architecture Search
Authors: Du Xuefeng , Zhang Haochen , Xie Pengtao
Published: December 2020

Learning through tests is a broadly used methodology in human learning and shows great effectiveness in improving learning outcome: a sequence of tests are made with increasing levels of difficulty; the learner takes these tests to identify his/her weak points in learning and continuously addresses these weak points to successfully pass these tests. We are interested in investigating whether this powerful learning technique can be borrowed from humans to improve the learning abilities of machines. We propose a novel learning approach called learning by passing tests (LPT). In our approach, a tester model creates increasingly more-difficult tests to evaluate a learner model. The learner tries to continuously improve its learning ability so that it can successfully pass however difficult tests created by the tester. We propose a multi-level optimization framework to formulate LPT, where the tester learns to create difficult and meaningful tests and the learner learns to pass these tests. We develop an efficient algorithm to solve the LPT problem. Our method is applied for neural architecture search and achieves significant improvement over state-of-the-art baselines on CIFAR-100, CIFAR-10, and ImageNet.
Learning by Passing Tests, with Application to Neural Architecture Search
Authors: Du Xuefeng , Xie Pengtao
Published: December 2020

Learning through tests is a broadly used methodology in human learning and shows great effectiveness in improving learning outcome: a sequence of tests are made with increasing levels of difficulty; the learner takes these tests to identify his/her weak points in learning and continuously addresses these weak points to successfully pass these tests. We are interested in investigating whether this powerful learning technique can be borrowed from human to improve the learning abilities of machines. We propose a novel learning approach called learning by passing tests (LPT). In our approach, a tester model creates increasingly more difficult tests to evaluate a learner model. The learner tries to continuously improve its learning ability so that it can successfully pass however difficult tests created by the tester. We propose a multi-level optimization framework to formulate LPT, where the tester learns to create difficult and meaningful tests and the learner learns to pass these tests. We develop an efficient algorithm to solve the LCT problem. Our method is applied for neural architecture search on and achieves significant improvement over state-of-the-art baselines on CIFAR-100, CIFAR-10, and ImageNet.
LABORATE TEST FOR FE LEVELS IN KELAKAI BISCUITS
Authors: Febby Siharina  , Fitri Yuliana  , Agustinus Hermino S. Putra
Published: December 2020

As one of the causes of anemia, iron deficiency must be overcome immediately, one of which is by finding taste-friendly food sources that can be consumed easily by anyone who is prone to anemia. This research was conducted in laboratory to determine the levels of iron in Kelakai biscuits which are assumed to be a source of food to treat anemia in adolescent girls or pregnant women. Qualitative and quantitative test were used to obtain the desired results. Based on the research results, it was found that each Kelakai biscuit contained an Fe level of 245 mg/g, which means that the formulation of the Kelakai biscuit could meet the daily needs of iron when consumed 3-4 chips per day based on the absorption of Fe in adults. Therefore, to further prove the effectiveness of these biscuits in preventing anemia, studies involving samples, either small or large scale, are highly recommended.
METHODS FOR ENSURING LOW HUMIDITY IN THE INTERNAL VOLUME
OF CERAMIC-METAL CASES IN SERIES PRODUCTION
OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
Authors: Zhukov A.V. , Krymko M.M. , Nastyukova N.K. , Ivanov M.Yu.
Published: December 2020

Stricter requirements for reliability of integrated circuits in ceramic-metal packages led to the increased requirements for process and quality control of the atmosphere in which circuits are being sealed. In our experiments we manage to reduce humidity in integrated circuit packages, by the constant monitoring of the sealing process atmosphere.
EFFECT OF INQUIRY LEARNING METHODS TRAINING ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Grace Ova , Aqil Deden Ibnu
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Inquiry Training Learning Methods on the Learning Outcomes of Business Economics in Class X SMK Pertiwi Jakarta. The method used in this study is an experiment which is divided into experimental class and control class. Samples taken came from the population of class X Accounting and Marketing X SMK Pertiwi Jakarta as many as 60 students consisting of 30 students in the experimental class and 30 students in the control class. The sampling technique consisted of 2 stages: (1) purposive sampling technique (2) simple random sampling technique. The technique of collecting data on variable student business economics learning outcomes was carried out by giving multiple choice questions for the variable student business economics learning outcomes. In the hypothesis test, the t-test is used which results in tcount > ttable, so the conclusion is that there is an influence of the Inquiry Training learning method on student learning outcomes in class X business economics subjects so that the Inquiry Training learning method can be used as an alternative for teachers in carrying out learning to create a learning atmosphere effective and students become more active.
Social geographic changes in the Ústí nad Labem region during the transformation stage
Authors: Anděl Jiří
Published: December 2020

The article focuses the observation of social geographical changes that have occurred in the Ústí nad Labem region since 1989. On the one hand, we have been observing general trends typical for our society as a whole. On the other hand, we have traced certain inertia tendencies (ensuing from particularities in terms of location, population and economy) that differentiate the Ústí nad Labem region from the rest of the Czech Republic.
Infections by OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in surgical patients: antibiotic consumption and susceptibility patterns
Authors: Mora-Guzmán Ismael , Rubio-Pérez Inés , Domingo-Garcia Diego , Martín-Pérez Elena
Published: December 2020

Objective. To assess antibiotic consumption, susceptibility patterns and targeted treatment for OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) related infections in surgical patients in a General Surgery Department.
Material and methods. Retrospective review of patients with a positive culture for OXA-48 and associated clinical data of infection, while hospitalized in a General Surgery Department from January 2013 to December 2018.
Results. Sixty-five patients with 66 isolations (OXA-48) were included: Klebsiella pneumoniae, 57 (86.5%); Enterobacter cloacae, 5 (7.6%); Escherichia coli, 3 (4.5%); Morganella morganii, 1 (1.5%). The most frequent source was intra-abdominal infection (n=39, 60%), and previous antibiotic consumption was: piperacillin-tazobactam (48%), meropenem (45%), ciprofloxacin (25.5%), ertapenem (16.5%), imipenem (12%), amikacin (12%), tigecycline (12%). Temporal trends (2013/14, 2015/16 and 2017/18) in susceptibility patterns were (percentages): ceftazidime-avibactam X-X-100; amikacin 100- 96-84 (p=0.518); tigecycline 100-92-80 (p=0.437); colistin 100-67-66 (p<0.001); meropenem 37-64-72 (p=0.214); imipenem 51-41-77 (p=0.109); gentamicin 13-19-18 (p=0.879); ertapenem 35-0-0 (p<0.001). Median duration of the targeted antibiotic therapy was 14 [IQR 9-20] days; antibiotics used were: tigecycline (57%); meropenem (40.5%); amikacin (37.5%); ceftazidime-avibactam (9%); imipenem (7.5%); colistin (7.5%). Global mortality rate at 30 days was 12% (8 patients). Targeted treatment was appropriate (antibiogram) in 87.7%, and targeted combination scheme was administered in 76.9%, which included a carbapenem in 49.2%.
Conclusions. OXA-48-related-intra-abdominal infection is significant in surgical patients, with substantial broad-spectrum antibiotic consumption. Useful targeted therapy includes ceftazidime-avibactam, amikacin, tigecycline, meropenem, and imipenem.
Performance Management and Quality of Lecturers’ Services at Makerere University
Authors: Anyango Mary , Kamaduuka Regis Zombeire , Kaahwa Maria Goretti
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between goal setting and quality of lecturers’ services. This was based on the deteriorating quality of lecturers’ services in Makerere University, the pioneer university in Uganda. The study was a cross-sectional survey, targeting academic staff in College of Humanity and Social Sciences (CHUSS), College of Commerce and Business Administration (CoBAMS) and College of Education and External Studies (CEES). These lecturers were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. It was analysed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient index and regression analysis techniques. Results revealed that there was a highly positive significant impact between goal setting and quality of lecturers’ services (teaching, research supervision, writing and publication, and finally community services). It was hence concluded that goal setting is a strong predictor of quality of lecturers’ services. Thus, a recommendation that once lecturers’ quality of services is to be enhanced at Makerere University there should be high engagement of lecturers on boards, council, senate to influence decisions geared towards achieving university objectives missions and goals.
On the taxonomy of the Chelis glaphyra (Eversmann, 1843) species-group, with description of a new subspecies of Chelis gratiosa (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890) from Kyrgyzstan, brachipterous females of Chelis kashmirica (Ferguson, 1985) and Chelis golbecki (Dubatolov, 1996), and the checklist of the species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Arctiini)
Authors: Saldaitis Aidas , Volynkin Anton V.
Published: December 2020

In the present paper, the checklist of the Chelis glaphyra (Eversmann, 1843) species-group with 33 new combinations established is provided. A new subspecies of Chelis gratiosa (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890) is described from Kyrgyzstan. Chelis gratiosa kashmirica is upgraded to the species level: Chelis kashmirica (Ferguson, 1985), stat. & comb. nov., its brachipterous female is described and illustrated for the first time. Female genitalia of Chelis golbecki (Dubatolov, 1996), comb. nov. are described and illustrated for the first time.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Loyalitas Kerja terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Widayati Fatriani , Fitria Happy , Fitriani Yessi
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja guru di SMP Negeri se-Kecamatan Sekayu; (2) mengetahui pengaruh loyalitas kerja terhadap kinerja guru di SMP Negeri se-Kecamatan Sekayu; dan (3) mengetahui pengaruh kepuasan kerja dan loyalitas kerja terhadap kinerja guru di SMP Negeri se-Kecamatan Sekayu. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Data dianalisis menggunakan rumus regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 22.0 for Windows. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh yang kuat antara variabel kepuasan kerja terhadap variabel kinerja guru SMP Negeri se-Kecamatan Sekayu dengan memberikan kontribusi R2 sebesar 53%; (2) terdapat pengaruh yang sangat kuat antara variabel loyalitas kerja terhadap variabel kinerja guru di SMP Negeri se-Kecamatan Sekayu dengan memberikan kontribusi R2 sebesar 73%; dan (3) terdapat pengaruh kepuasan kerja dan loyalitas kerja secara besama-sama terhadap kinerja guru di SMP Negeri se-Kecamatan Sekayu, dengan angka koefisien konstant (ɑ) 5,551, koefisien X1 = 0,066 dan Koefisien X2 = 0,841 sehingga diperoleh persamaan regresi linear berganda Y =5,551 + 0,066 X1 + 0,841 X2
The Secular Evolution of a Uniform Density Star Cluster Immersed in a Compressible Galactic Tidal Field
Authors: Ivanov P. B. , Lin D. N. C.
Published: December 2020

Nuclear stellar clusters are common in the center of galaxies. We consider the possibility that their progenitors assumed to be globular clusters may have formed elsewhere, migrated to, and assembled near their present location. The main challenge for this scenario is whether globular clusters can withstand the tidal field of their host galaxies. Our analysis suggests that provided the mass-density distribution of background potential is relatively shallow, as in some galaxies with relatively flat surface brightness profiles, the tidal field near the center of galaxies may be shown to be able to compress rather than disrupt a globular cluster at a distance from the center much smaller than the conventionally defined “tidal disruption radius” r

t
. To do so, we adopt a previously constructed formalism and consider the secular evolution of star clusters with a homogeneous mass-density distribution. We analytically solve the secular equations in the limit that the mass density of stars in the galactic center approaches a uniform distribution. Our model indicates that a star cluster could travel to distances much smaller than r

t
without disruption, thus potentially contributing to the formation of the nuclear cluster. However, appropriate numerical N-body simulations are needed to confirm our analytic findings.
Standard Candles and Sirens Rescue H0
Authors: Agrawal Aniket , Okumura Teppei , Futamase Toshifumi
Published: December 2020

We show that future observations of binary neutron star systems with electromagnetic counterparts together with the traditional probes of low- and high-redshift Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) can help resolve the Hubble tension. The luminosity distance inferred from these probes and its scatter depend on the underlying cosmology. By using the gravitational lensing of light or gravitational waves emitted by, and peculiar motion of, these systems we derive constraints on the sum of neutrino masses, the equation of state of dark energy parameterized in the form

, along with the Hubble constant and cold dark matter density in the universe. We show that even after marginalizing over poorly constrained physical quantities, such as the sum of neutrino masses and the nature of dark energy, low-redshift gravitational-wave observations, in combination with SNe Ia, have the potential to rule out new physics as the underlying cause of the Hubble tension at ≳5.5σ.
Mg ii and Fe ii Fluxes of Luminous Quasars at z ∼ 2.7 and the Evaluation of the Baldwin Effect in the Flux-to-abundance Conversion Method for Quasars
Authors: Sameshima Hiroaki , Yoshii Yuzuru , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Kobayashi Naoto , Ikeda Yuji , Kondo Sohei , Hamano Satoshi , Mizumoto Misaki , Arai Akira , Yasui Chikako , Fukue Kei , Kawakita Hideyo , Otsubo Shogo , Bono Giuseppe , Saviane Ivo
Published: December 2020

To investigate the chemical abundance of broad-line region clouds in quasars at high redshifts, we performed near-infrared spectroscopy of six luminous quasars at z ∼ 2.7 with the WINERED spectrograph mounted on the New Technology Telescope at the La Silla Observatory, Chile. The measured Fe ii/Mg ii flux ratios nearly matched with the published data for 0.7 ≲ z ≲ 1.6, suggesting that there is no evolution over a long period of cosmic time, which is consistent with previous studies. To derive the chemical abundances from the measured equivalent widths (EWs), their dependence on nonabundance factors must be corrected. In our previous paper, we proposed a method to derive the [Mg/Fe] abundance ratio and the [Fe/H] abundance by correcting the dependence of EW(Mg ii) and EW(Fe ii) on the Eddington ratio. To the best of our knowledge, that was the first report to discuss the star formation history through a direct comparison with chemical evolution models. In the present study, we further investigated the dependence of EWs on luminosity, which is known as the Baldwin effect (BEff). Additional correction for the BEff significantly affects the derived chemical abundances for the six luminous quasars at z ∼ 2.7, and the resultant abundances agree well with the prediction of chemical evolution models. Given that most distant quasars found thus far are biased toward luminous ones, the correction of the measured EWs for the BEff is crucial for extending the chemical evolution study to higher redshifts.
The CGM at Cosmic Noon with KCWI: Outflows from a Star-forming Galaxy at z = 2.071
Authors: Nielsen Nikole M. , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Pointon Stephanie K. , Murphy Michael T. , Churchill Christopher W. , Davé Romeel
Published: December 2020

We present the first results from our “CGM at Cosmic Noon with KCWI” program to study gas flows in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) at z = 2–3. Combining the power of a high-resolution VLT/UVES quasar spectrum, a Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys image, and integral field spectroscopy with Keck/KCWI (Keck Cosmic Web Imager), we detected Lyα emission from a 1.7L
* galaxy at z
gal = 2.0711 associated with a Lyman limit system with weak Mg ii (W

r
(2796) = 0.24 Å) in quasar field J143040+014939. The galaxy is star-forming (SFRFUV = 37.8 M
⊙ yr−1) and clumpy: either an edge-on disk (i = 85°) or, less likely, a major merger. The background quasar probes the galaxy at an impact parameter of D = 66 kpc along the projected galaxy minor axis (Φ = 89°). From photoionization modeling of the absorption system, we infer a total line-of-sight CGM metallicity of

. The absorption system is roughly kinematically symmetric about z
gal, with a full Mg ii velocity spread of ∼210 km s−1. Given the galaxy–quasar orientation, CGM metallicity, and gas kinematics, we interpret this gas as an outflow that has likely swept up additional material. By modeling the absorption as a polar outflow cone, we find the gas is decelerating with average radial velocity V
out = 109–588 km s−1 for half-opening angles of θ
0 = 14°–75°. Assuming a constant V
out, it would take on average t
out ∼ 111–597 Myr for the gas to reach 66 kpc. The outflow is energetic, with a mass outflow rate of

M
⊙ yr−1 and mass loading factor of η < 1.4 ± 1.0. We aim to build a sample of ∼50 Mg ii absorber–galaxy pairs at this epoch to better understand gas flows when they are most actively building galaxies.
Measurements of the Hyperfine Structure of Atomic Energy Levels in Co ii
Authors: Ding Milan , Pickering Juliet C.
Published: December 2020

Analysis of hyperfine structure constants of singly ionized cobalt (Co II) were performed on cobalt spectra measured by Fourier transform spectrometers in the region 3000–63,000 cm−1 (33333 – 1587 Å). Fits to over 700 spectral lines led to measurements of 292 magnetic dipole hyperfine interaction A constants, with values between −32.5 mK and 59.5 mK (1 mK = 0.001 cm−1). Uncertainties of 255 A constants were between ±0.4 mK and ±3.0 mK, the remaining 37 ranged up to ±7 mK. The electric quadrupole hyperfine interaction B constant could be estimated for only one energy level. The number of Co II levels with known A values has now increased tenfold, improving and enabling the wider, more reliable, and accurate application of Co II in astronomical chemical abundance analyses.
La démographie de l'Afrique subsaharienne au XXI e siècle
Authors: Tabutin Dominique , Schoumaker Bruno
Published: December 2020

Consacrée à l’Afrique au Sud du Sahara (47 pays, 1,1 milliard d’habitants en 2020), cette chronique propose à la fois une synthèse approfondie des grands changements sociodémographiques et sanitaires survenus dans la région entre 2000 et 2020 et un bilan statistique rassemblant les données récentes les plus fiables sur chaque pays. Y sont examinées les évolutions de la nuptialité et de la famille, de la fécondité et de ses variables intermédiaires, de la mortalité (enfants et adultes), des migrations et de l’urbanisation, des effectifs de population et des structures d’âges, et sont enfin considérées les perspectives de population et les défis à relever d’ici 2050 en matière de formation, santé et emploi. Si l’Afrique conservera tout au long du xxi e  siècle la croissance démographique la plus élevée et la population la plus jeune du monde, divers changements sont en cours, mais à des rythmes variables selon les régions, les pays, les milieux d’habitat et les groupes sociaux, conduisant à une diversification croissante des régimes démographiques subsahariens et à de fortes inégalités spatiales et sociales. La fécondité vient, dans une majorité de pays, de connaître ses premiers reculs, la pratique contraceptive a augmenté, mais la demande d’enfants demeure élevée. Un peu partout, l’âge à la 1 re  union progresse, la polygamie recule, mais les écarts d’âges entre époux et les proportions de mariages d’adolescentes demeurent élevés. En revanche, la région dans son ensemble vient de connaître des reculs remarquables de la mortalité, notamment celle des enfants, et des gains notables d’espérances de vie ; le sida recule mais est loin d’avoir disparu, la mortalité maternelle reste très élevée, les maladies non transmissibles progressent et conduisent à un double fardeau épidémiologique. L’Afrique s’urbanise, mais à des rythmes divers, et plus lentement qu’on ne l’imaginait il y a encore 20 ans ; s’y multiplie aussi le nombre de grandes villes et de mégalopoles. Quant aux migrations internationales, en forte progression depuis 2000, si une grande majorité d’entre elles se déroulent toujours à l’intérieur du continent, on assiste à une diversification des destinations et à un recul des modèles traditionnels hors du continent. Enfin, selon l’hypothèse la plus raisonnable des Nations unies, soit un doublement probable de la population d’ici 2050 et plus qu’un triplement possible d’ici 2100, l’Afrique subsaharienne est face à des défis considérables en matière d’éducation, de santé, d’emploi, de sécurité et de développement durable.
Apprendre à regarder le cerveau en 3D. Compte rendu ethnographique d’un séminaire interdisciplinaire au service de neurochirurgie de la Charité à Berlin
Authors: Le Calvé Maxime
Published: December 2020

Dans ce compte rendu de terrain, je propose de suivre pas à pas un séminaire interdisciplinaire de la faculté de médecine de la Charité à Berlin intitulé « Iconic Turn. How Images Govern Our Actions  ». Par une série de dessins ethnographiques, je relate les situations d’enseignement, restituant les atmosphères dont elles sont empreintes. Durant ces séances, les étudiant.e.s sont invité.e.s à apprendre à «  voir  » les images du cerveau en tenant compte de leurs médiations techniques. La formation à une « vision professionnelle » (Goodwin, 1994) se double ici d’une éducation à un regard critique. Les aspirants médecins apprennent à mettre en perspective, au sens littéral et au sens figuré, les images auxquelles ils.elles seront exposé.e.s dans leur pratique quotidienne – ainsi que leur rôle d’outil prescriptif dans la pratique clinique. Cette démarche pédagogique inhabituelle semble pouvoir ouvrir à la constitution, au sein des sciences médicales, d’un « sens commun » en épistémologie (Stengers, 2017).
Les attentes dans la relation d’enquête. Ce qu’elles nous apprennent sur l’objet d’étude
Authors: Rico Berrocal Raquel
Published: December 2020

Ce texte propose une réflexion sur la relation d’enquête, issue d’un travail de terrain avec des femmes enceintes rencontrant des difficultés pour se loger. Le suivi ethnographique de ces femmes, réalisé dans la région Île-de-France, a consisté en un accompagnement étroit, parfois aussi de leurs conjoints, durant leurs grossesses et au-delà. Cette méthode a permis d’étudier, de façon longitudinale, les mises à l’épreuve d’une prise en charge médicale qui se veut universelle. Le présent texte porte sur leur consentement, voire leur motivation, à participer à cette démarche ethnographique. Au cours de l’enquête, les attentes des femmes suivies ont pris un sens distinct selon le contexte de leur grossesse et les rôles qu’elles ont attribués à l’ethnographe. Les raisons pour lesquelles ces femmes participent à l’étude suggèrent une privation, quelle que soit sa nature, que la relation d’enquête viendrait combler. On découvre que les attentes des enquêtées constituent une source non négligeable pour la compréhension de la problématique étudiée.
Le sida aux frontières caribéennes de l’Europe. Souvenirs d’une épidémie dans des terres d’exception
Authors: Mulot Stéphanie
Published: December 2020

Ce texte propose de revenir sur des éléments de terrains réalisés dans quatre territoires de la Caraïbe francophone entre 2002 et 2006. L’étude interrogeait les conditions de prise en charge des personnes vivant avec le VIH/sida dans les départements français d’Amérique (Guadeloupe, Guyane, Martinique) et en Haïti. Elle questionnait les modalités d’annonce du diagnostic et de pérennisation de la prise en charge, dans les structures hospitalières. Les équipes soignantes, elles-mêmes pluriculturelles, devaient faire face à des populations d’origines, de cultures, de langues et de niveaux socio-économiques très divers, ce qui nécessitait des protocoles adaptés et parfois individualisés. Elle a interrogé aussi la place de l’ethnologue face à des pratiques inégales. Entre les images d’un environnement naturel extraordinaire, les conditions de vie des patient.e.s souvent difficiles et des engagements forts ou des limites des personnels, ce texte questionne, par bribes, les défis de l’anthropologie face au VIH en situation postcoloniale.
Dessiner pour repenser : valorisation d’un projet de recherche-action sur le thème de l’interprétariat en santé mentale
Authors: Larchanché Stéphanie , Rostirolla Daria
Published: December 2020

Comment articuler la recherche en anthropologie de la santé avec les pratiques de terrain ? Comment proposer une critique constructive de ces pratiques ? Comment disséminer les résultats de la recherche au-delà des frontières académiques ? Chercheuses anthropologues et professionnelles de santé mentale, nous présentons ici les résultats d’une recherche-action menée dans cinq centres médico-psychologiques (CMP) d’Île-de-France, dont l’objectif était de former les professionnels au travail avec un interprète. À l’aide de dessins humoristiques, nous souhaitons repenser le processus de recherche d’abord pour les auteures elles-mêmes, mais également pour les professionnels qui travaillent en contexte transculturel et auxquels s’adressent ces vignettes, en mettant en lumière de manière bienveillante les points critiques de l’enquête. Le dessin humoristique, réalisé par l’une des auteures, sert ainsi de mécanisme de transmission et de conscientisation. Il permet de traduire de manière créative des observations de terrain, et d’en valoriser les messages-clés.
Les effets collatéraux de la recherche sur l’épidémie de Zika au Brésil
Authors: Lira  Luciana , Prado Helena
Published: December 2020

Nous avons souhaité écrire ce texte en duo pour une raison simple : présenter deux faces d’une même histoire, celle du déroulement de la recherche pendant l’épidémie de maladie à virus Zika. Nous souhaitons en particulier donner à voir les effets collatéraux de la recherche, c’est-à-dire la façon dont s’entremêlent l’objectification des sujets de recherche touchés par l’épidémie de Zika, les points méthodologiques et éthiques concernant l’entrée sur le terrain ethnographique, ses angles morts et impasses, et la légitimité de la collecte des données. Nous espérons ainsi engager une réflexion sur nos pratiques d’anthropologues en temps de crise et d’urgence, et sur les diverses significations des relations chercheurs-sujets de terrain, et centre-périphérie, dans les sciences de la santé.
Bilan d’une première décennie
Authors: Sarradon-Eck Aline , Beaudevin Claire , Greco Cinzia , Hejoaka Fabienne , Lémonon-Waxin Isabelle
Published: December 2020

Afin que le lectorat et les collègues ayant contribué à la revue Anthropologie & Santé saisissent mieux son identité et ses valeurs, ce texte rappelle les raisons qui ont conduit un collectif de chercheur.e.s à créer la revue en 2010, ainsi que les décisions prises concernant la ligne éditoriale, le support d’édition et la politique de diffusion. Il décrit en détail ses procédures d’évaluation, la chaîne de son travail éditorial et son fonctionnement matériel et financier à la fois dans un souci de transparence à l’égard des auteur.e.s et du lectorat, et pour donner à voir combien elle est dépendante des fonds récurrents de la recherche publique et du temps de travail des personnels de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche. Il fait ensuite une analyse rétrospective de sa production scientifique, d’une part en examinant son audience nationale et internationale, d’autre part en comparant les thématiques des dossiers et des articles qui ont été traitées au cours de ces dix années avec celles de revues anglophones situées dans le même champ disciplinaire.
Le mémorial du Bomber Command à Londres
Authors: Zielinski Madeline
Published: December 2020

Longtemps exclus des pratiques commémoratives et de la mémoire de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, les anciens combattants du Bomber Command sont désormais considérés comme des héros en Grande-Bretagne. Cet article examine la façon dont les récents conflits auxquels ont participé les Britanniques a contribué à modifier l’image jusqu’à lors négative des pilotes de bombardiers, et, de façon plus générale, de la représentation de la Seconde Guerre mondiale en Grande-Bretagne.
Segmentation of Optic Disc From Fundus Image Based on Morphology and SVM Classifier
Authors: Luo Jiamin , Raj Alex Noel Joseph , Ruban Nersisson , Mahesh Vijayalakshmi G. V.
Published: December 2020

Color fundus image is the most basic way to diagnose diabetic retinopathy, papillary edema, and glaucoma. In particular, since observing the morphological changes of the optic disc is conducive to the diagnosis of related diseases, accurate and effective positioning and segmentation of the optic disc is an important process. Optic disc segmentation algorithms are mainly based on template matching, deformable model and learning. According to the character that the shape of the optic disc is approximately circular, this proposed research work uses Kirsch operator to get the edge of the green channel fundus image through morphological operation, and then detects the optic disc by HOUGH circle transformation. In addition, supervised learning in machine learning is also applied in this chapter. First, the vascular mask is obtained by morphological operation for vascular erasure, and then the SVM classifier is segmented by HU moment invariant feature and gray level feature. The test results on the DRIONS fundus image database with expert-labeled optic disc contour show that the two methods have good results and high accuracy in optic disc segmentation. Even though seven different assessment parameters (sensitivity [Se], specificity [Sp], accuracy [Acc], positive predicted value [Ppv], and negative predicted value [Npv]) are used for performance assessment of the algorithm. Accuracy is considered as the criterion of judgment in this chapter. The average accuracy achieved for the nine random test set is 97.7%, which is better than any other classifiers used for segmenting Optical Disc from Fundus Images.
Performance Analysis of VGG19 Deep Learning Network Based Brain Image Fusion
Authors: Rajangam Vijayarajan , N. Sangeetha , R. Karthik , Mallikarjuna Kethepalli
Published: December 2020

Multimodal imaging systems assist medical practitioners in cost-effective diagnostic methods in clinical pathologies. Multimodal imaging of the same organ or the region of interest reveals complementing anatomical and functional details. Multimodal image fusion algorithms integrate complementary image details into a composite image that reduces clinician's time for effective diagnosis. Deep learning networks have their role in feature extraction for the fusion of multimodal images. This chapter analyzes the performance of a pre-trained VGG19 deep learning network that extracts features from the base and detail layers of the source images for constructing a weight map to fuse the source image details. Maximum and averaging fusion rules are adopted for base layer fusion. The performance of the fusion algorithm for multimodal medical image fusion is analyzed by peak signal to noise ratio, structural similarity index, fusion factor, and figure of merit. Performance analysis of the fusion algorithms is also carried out for the source images with the presence of impulse and Gaussian noise.
A New Approach of Deep Learning-Based Tamil Vowels Prediction Using Segmentation and U-Net Architecture
Authors: S. Julius Fusic , S. Karthikeyan , S. A. R. Sheik Masthan
Published: December 2020

In this chapter, 500 different images of Tamil vowels that are hand written (அஆஇஈஉஊஎஏஐஒஓஔஃ) interprets that the Tamil alphabets model has trained about 75% accuracy with proposed U-net model algorithm. The introduction of various segmentation proportions was discussed for English and Tamil language text identification was explained. In this work, the selection of image is split into four segments and read the data during training itself. Thus, the Tamil and English font prediction accuracy of the model was improved about 85% using U-net architecture was explained.
Enhancing Communication With Family Members in the Intensive Care Unit: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Edward Karen-leigh , Galletti Alessandra , Huynh Minh
Published: December 2020

Background

Nurses in the intensive care unit are central to clinical care delivery and are often the staff members most accessible to family members for communication. Family members’ ratings of satisfaction with the intensive care unit admission are affected more by communication quality than by the level of care for the patient. Family members may feel that communication in the intensive care unit is inconsistent.

Objectives

To use a shared decision-making model to deliver a communication education program for intensive care unit nurses, evaluate the confidence levels of nurses who undertook the education, and examine changes in family members’ satisfaction with communication from intensive care unit nurses after the nurses received the education.

Methods

A mixed-methods design was used. Seventeen nurses and 81 family members participated.

Results

Staff members were overall very confident with communicating with family members of critically ill patients. This finding was likely linked to staff members’ experience in the position, with 88% of nurses having more than 11 years’ experience. Family members were happy with care but dissatisfied with the environment.

Conclusions

Environmental factors can negatively affect communication with family members in the intensive care unit.
Heavy Vehicle Event Data Recorder (HVEDR)
Authors:   Truck and Bus Event Data Recorder Committee
Published: December 2020

This document provides nomenclature and references to related documents for heavy vehicle event data recorders (HVEDR) for heavy-duty (HD) ground wheeled vehicles.

The SAE J2728 series of documents consists of the following:
Joshua’s Celestial Miracle was not an Eclipse: the Long and the Short
Authors: van der Sluijs Marinus Anthony
Published: December 2020

Humphreys & Waddington have recently suggested that the Biblical account involving Joshua’s control of the sun and moon (Joshua 10. 1-15) was inspired by an annular eclipse. Going by the text as given, it is shown that the explanation as an eclipse, whether annular or total, is unacceptable on calendrical, philological and physical grounds alike. The story’s possible historicity cannot be properly evaluated until it is placed in two cross-cultural and sometimes overlapping contexts: ritual utterances before battle designed to divine the outcome or provoke divine intervention in it and the mythology of solar arrests, reversals and radical alterations of the length of day. ‘Solar magic’ emerges as a common archaic practice in real life as well as legend. Some literary parallels are cited which have never before been linked with Joshua. All things considered, the tale may have originated as an embellished memory of some extraordinary natural event other than an eclipse, coinciding with a historical battle. A tempting possibility is the aerial passage of a fragmenting bolide, producing a meteorite shower and nocturnal illumination.
In memory of Razafindrabe: a General Ethnography of the Astrologer’s Skill in West Bezanozano, Central East Madagascar
Authors: Mattheeuws Christel
Published: December 2020

Astrologers in Madagascar, in West Bezanozano in particular, play a very important role in building the fundaments of the land of extended families (they give the destiny of the family). They are also invited by individuals or families to lay the foundations of village, house, tomb, or memory stones for the dead, and last but not least to lead the famadihana, a ritual for the dead making them ancestors. This chapter follows the practices of astrologers in making the fundaments of villages, houses and tombs. Making fundaments is making as it were a living horoscope, giving places a suitable destiny in relation to the surroundings and the people concerned. I also followed an astrologer/mason who was in charge of crafting a particular memory stone. The memory stone had to deviate from a direct line between village and tomb caused by a mistake in the tomb building having killed two astrologers in their work. Finally, I presented the central importance of the astrologer during the ritual of the famadihana where the destinies of the dead and the living have to be mediated to protect the living from the dead. General speaking, a good astrologer will never become rich, since he has to hold not only good destinies but also bad ones. The work of an astrologer can be extremely dangerous since he deals with real forces. During difficult assignments, people offer him a cock that accompanies him during work since people believe that the cock will die before any human, also an astrologer.
A Secure Method for Managing Data in Cloud
Storage using Deduplication and Enhanced Fuzzy
Based Intrusion Detection Framework
Authors: Hema S and Dr.Kangaiammal A
Published: December 2020

Cloud services increase data availability so as to offer flawless service to the client. Because of increasing
data availability, more redundancies and more memory space are required to store such data. Cloud
computing requires essential storage and efficient protection for all types of data. With the amount of data
produced seeing an exponential increase with time, storing the replicated data contents is inevitable. Hence,
using storage optimization approaches becomes an important pre-requisite for enormous storage domains
like cloud storage. Data deduplication is the technique which compresses the data by eliminating the
replicated copies of similar data and it is widely utilized in cloud storage to conserve bandwidth and
minimize the storage space. Despite the data deduplication eliminates data redundancy and data
replication; it likewise presents significant data privacy and security problems for the end-user. Considering
this, in this work, a novel security-based deduplication model is proposed to reduce a hash value of a given
file size and provide additional security for cloud storage. In proposed method the hash value of a given file is
reduced employing Distributed Storage Hash Algorithm (DSHA) and to provide security the file is encrypted
by using an Improved Blowfish Encryption Algorithm (IBEA). This framework also proposes the enhanced
fuzzy based intrusion detection system (EFIDS) by defining rules for the major attacks, thereby alert the
system automatically. Finally the combination of data exclusion and security encryption technique allows
cloud users to effectively manage their cloud storage by avoiding repeated data encroachment. It also saves
bandwidth and alerts the system from attackers. The results of experiments reveal that the discussed
algorithm yields improved throughput and bytes saved per second in comparison with other chunking
algorithms.