bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine-learning-assisted discovery of polymers with high thermal conductivity using a molecular design algorithm
Authors: Wu Stephen , Kondo Yukiko , Kakimoto Masa-aki , Yang Bin , Yamada Hironao , Kuwajima Isao , Lambard Guillaume , Hongo Kenta , Xu Yibin , Shiomi Junichiro , Schick Christoph , Morikawa Junko , Yoshida Ryo
Published: June 2019

The use of machine learning in computational molecular design has great potential to accelerate the discovery of innovative materials. However, its practical benefits still remain unproven in real-world applications, particularly in polymer science. We demonstrate the successful discovery of new polymers with high thermal conductivity, inspired by machine-learning-assisted polymer chemistry. This discovery was made by the interplay between machine intelligence trained on a substantially limited amount of polymeric properties data, expertise from laboratory synthesis and advanced technologies for thermophysical property measurements. Using a molecular design algorithm trained to recognize quantitative structure—property relationships with respect to thermal conductivity and other targeted polymeric properties, we identified thousands of promising hypothetical polymers. From these candidates, three were selected for monomer synthesis and polymerization because of their synthetic accessibility and their potential for ease of processing in further applications. The synthesized polymers reached thermal conductivities of 0.18–0.41 W/mK, which are comparable to those of state-of-the-art polymers in non-composite thermo-plastics.
High frequency of pathogenic germline variants within homologous recombination repair in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Bertelsen Birgitte , Tuxen Ida Viller , Yde Christina Westmose , Gabrielaite Migle , Torp Mathias Husted , Kinalis Savvas , Oestrup Olga , Rohrberg Kristoffer , Spangaard Iben , Santoni-Rugiu Eric , Wadt Karin , Mau-Sorensen Morten , Lassen Ulrik , Nielsen Finn Cilius
Published: June 2019

Genomic screening of cancer patients for predisposing variants is traditionally based on age at onset, family history and type of cancer. Whereas the clinical guidelines have proven efficient in identifying families exhibiting classical attributes of hereditary cancer, the frequency of patients with alternative presentations is unclear. We identified and characterized germline variants in 636 patients with advanced solid cancer using whole exome sequencing. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic germline variants among 168 genes associated with hereditary cancer were considered. These variants were identified in 17.8% of the patients and within a wide range of cancer types. In particular, patients with mesothelioma, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, urothelial cancer, and cancer of unknown primary origin displayed high frequencies of pathogenic variants. Variants were predominantly found in DNA-repair pathways and about half were within genes involved in homologous recombination repair. Twenty-two BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline variants were identified in 12 different cancer types, of which 10 (45%) were not previously identified in these patients based on the current clinical guidelines. Loss of heterozygosity and somatic second hits were identified in several of the affected genes, supporting possible causality for cancer development. A potential treatment target based on the pathogenic germline variant could be suggested in 25 patients (4%). The study demonstrates a high frequency of pathogenic germline variants in the homologous recombination pathway in patients with advanced solid cancers. We infer that genetic screening in this group of patients may reveal high-risk families and identify patients with potential PARP inhibitor sensitive tumors.
Prediction of Sub-Monomer A2 Domain Dynamics of the von Willebrand Factor by Machine Learning Algorithm and Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Morabito Michael J. , Usta Mustafa , Cheng Xuanhong , Zhang Xiaohui F. , Oztekin Alparslan , Webb Edmund B.
Published: June 2019

We develop a machine learning tool useful for predicting the instantaneous dynamical state of sub-monomer features within long linear polymer chains, as well as extracting the dominant macromolecular motions associated with sub-monomer behaviors of interest. We employ the tool to better understand and predict sub-monomer A2 domain unfolding dynamics occurring amidst the dominant large-scale macromolecular motions of the biopolymer von Willebrand Factor (vWF) immersed in flow. Results of coarse-grained Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of non-grafted vWF multimers subject to a shearing flow were used as input variables to a Random Forest Algorithm (RFA). Twenty unique features characterizing macromolecular conformation information of vWF multimers were used for training the RFA. The corresponding responses classify instantaneous A2 domain state as either folded or unfolded, and were directly taken from coarse-grained MD simulations. Three separate RFAs were trained using feature/response data of varying resolution, which provided deep insights into the highly correlated macromolecular dynamics occurring in concert with A2 domain unfolding events. The algorithm is used to analyze results of simulation, but has been developed for use with experimental data as well.
Automated detection of third molars and mandibular nerve by deep learning
Authors: Vinayahalingam Shankeeth , Xi Tong , Bergé Stefaan , Maal Thomas , de Jong Guido
Published: June 2019

The approximity of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) to the roots of lower third molars (M3) is a risk factor for the occurrence of nerve damage and subsequent sensory disturbances of the lower lip and chin following the removal of third molars. To assess this risk, the identification of M3 and IAN on dental panoramic radiographs (OPG) is mandatory. In this study, we developed and validated an automated approach, based on deep-learning, to detect and segment the M3 and IAN on OPGs. As a reference, M3s and IAN were segmented manually on 81 OPGs. A deep-learning approach based on U-net was applied on the reference data to train the convolutional neural network (CNN) in the detection and segmentation of the M3 and IAN. Subsequently, the trained U-net was applied onto the original OPGs to detect and segment both structures. Dice-coefficients were calculated to quantify the degree of similarity between the manually and automatically segmented M3s and IAN. The mean dice-coefficients for M3s and IAN were 0.947 ± 0.033 and 0.847 ± 0.099, respectively. Deep-learning is an encouraging approach to segment anatomical structures and later on in clinical decision making, though further enhancement of the algorithm is advised to improve the accuracy.
Open chromatin dynamics in prosensory cells of the embryonic mouse cochlea
Authors: Wilkerson Brent A. , Chitsazan Alex D. , VandenBosch Leah S. , Wilken Matthew S. , Reh Thomas A. , Bermingham-McDonogh Olivia
Published: June 2019

Hearing loss is often due to the absence or the degeneration of hair cells in the cochlea. Understanding the mechanisms regulating the generation of hair cells may therefore lead to better treatments for hearing disorders. To elucidate the transcriptional control mechanisms specifying the progenitor cells (i.e. prosensory cells) that generate the hair cells and support cells critical for hearing function, we compared chromatin accessibility using ATAC-seq in sorted prosensory cells (Sox2-EGFP+) and surrounding cells (Sox2-EGFP−) from E12, E14.5 and E16 cochlear ducts. In Sox2-EGFP+, we find greater accessibility in and near genes restricted in expression to the prosensory region of the cochlear duct includingSox2,Isl1,Eya1andPou4f3. Furthermore, we find significant enrichment for the consensus binding sites of Sox2, Six1 and Gata3—transcription factors required for prosensory development—in the open chromatin regions. Over 2,200 regions displayed differential accessibility with developmental time in Sox2-EGFP+cells, with most changes in the E12-14.5 window. Open chromatin regions detected in Sox2-EGFP+cells map to over 48,000 orthologous regions in the human genome that include regions in genes linked to deafness. Our results reveal a dynamic landscape of open chromatin in prosensory cells with potential implications for cochlear development and disease.
Hearing loss in humans drinking tube well water with high levels of iron in arsenic–polluted area
Authors: He Tingchao , Ohgami Nobutaka , Li Xiang , Yajima Ichiro , Negishi-Oshino Reina , Kato Yoko , Ohgami Kyoko , Xu Huadong , Ahsan Nazmul , Akhand Anwarul Azim , Kato Masashi
Published: June 2019

Well water for drinking with increased levels of iron in arsenic-polluted areas has been reported worldwide. Oral exposure to arsenic has been shown to be associated with hearing loss, while there is no evidence for an association between excessive exposure to iron and hearing loss in humans. In this study, we determined iron and arsenic levels in biological samples and hearing levels by pure tone audiometry (PTA) in subjects in a control area and an arsenic-polluted area in Bangladesh. The iron level in well water in the arsenic-polluted area was significantly higher than that in piped supply water in the control area. Subjects in the polluted area (n = 109), who had higher iron and arsenic levels in hair and toenails than those in subjects in the control area (n = 36), had an increased risk of hearing loss at 8 kHz and 12 kHz after adjustments for age, gender, smoking and BMI. Significant associations of the exposure group with hearing loss at 8 kHz and 12 kHz remained after further adjustment for arsenic levels in toenails and hair. Thus, this pilot study showed that excessive exposure to iron via drinking water is a potential risk for hearing loss in humans.
Dynamically encircling exceptional points in a three-mode waveguide system
Authors: Zhang Xu-Lin , Chan C. T.
Published: June 2019

Dynamically encircling exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems has attracted considerable attention recently, but all previous studies focused on two-state systems, and the dynamics in more complex multi-state systems is yet to be investigated. Here we consider a three-mode non-Hermitian waveguide system possessing two EPs, and study the dynamical encircling of each single EP and both EPs, the latter of which is equivalent to the dynamical encircling of a third-order EP that has a cube-root behavior of eigenvalue perturbations. We find that the dynamics depends on the location of the starting point of the loop, instead of the order of the EP encircled. Compared with two-state systems, the dynamical processes in multi-state systems exhibit more non-adiabatic transitions owing to the more complex topological structures of energy surfaces. Our findings enrich the understanding of the physics of multi-state non-Hermitian systems and may lead to the design of new wave manipulation schemes.
Low level detection of nonionic surfactants of pharmaceutical interest
Authors: Webster Gregory K. , Gragg Matthew A.
Published: June 2019

Nonionic surfactants are used in the pharmaceutical industry in a variety of formulations.
Carbonaceous halloysite nanotubes for the stabilization of Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in river sediments
Authors: Liu Yunsong , Tang Yuanyuan , Wang Penglei , Zeng Hui
Published: June 2019

The remediation of heavy metal contaminated sediments has become a global consideration, especially the development of economically and environmentally efficient amendments.
γ-[Glu](n=1,2)-Phe/-Met/-Val stimulates gastrointestinal hormone (CCK and GLP-1) secretion by activating the calcium-sensing receptor
Authors: Yang Juan , Bai Weidong , Zeng Xiaofang , Cui Chun
Published: June 2019

This study was conducted to discover the effectiveness of dietary peptides (γ-[Glu](n=1,2)-Phe/-Met/-Val) as stimulators of cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion.
Repertoire Builder: high-throughput structural modeling of B and T cell receptors
Authors: Schritt Dimitri , Li Songling , Rozewicki John , Katoh Kazutaka , Yamashita Kazuo , Volkmuth Wayne , Cavet Guy , Standley Daron M.
Published: June 2019

Repertoire Builder (https://sysimm.org/rep_builder/) is a method for generating atomic-resolution, three-dimensional models of B cell receptors (BCRs) or T cell receptors (TCRs) from their amino acid sequences.
Unravelling the polarity of InN quantum dots using a modified approach of negative-spherical-aberration imaging
Authors: Rajak Piu , Islam Mahabul , Jiménez J. J. , Mánuel J. M. , Aseev P. , Gačević Ž. , Calleja E. , García R. , Morales Francisco M. , Bhattacharyya Somnath
Published: June 2019

Unravelling the polarity of InN quantum dots using a modified approach of negative-spherical-aberration imaging.
RGD conjugated cell uptake off to on responsive NIR-AZA fluorophores: applications toward intraoperative fluorescence guided surgery
Authors: Wu Dan , Daly Harrison C. , Grossi Marco , Conroy Emer , Li Bo , Gallagher William M. , Elmes Robert , O'Shea Donal F.
Published: June 2019

The tumour switches on the NIR-AZA emission for fluorescence guided surgery.
Enantioselective palladium/copper-catalyzed C–C σ-bond activation synergized with Sonogashira-type C(sp3)–C(sp) cross-coupling alkynylation
Authors: Sun Feng-Na , Yang Wan-Chun , Chen Xiao-Bing , Sun Yu-Li , Cao Jian , Xu Zheng , Xu Li-Wen
Published: June 2019

A highly enantioselective Pd/Cu-catalyzed tandem C–C bond activation/Sonogashira reaction was developed with the aid of new TFSi-Phos, which provided chiral alkynyl indanones in good yields and enantioselectivities.
Synthesis of smart dual-responsive microgels: correlation between applied surfactants and obtained particle morphology
Authors: Wiehemeier Lars , Brändel Timo , Hannappel Yvonne , Kottke Tilman , Hellweg Thomas
Published: June 2019

Surfactant-assisted precipitation polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylic acid (AAc) is used to make thermo- and pH-responsive copolymer microgels. The type of surfactant is found to have an impact on the particle properties.
Graphene oxide based dopamine mussel-like cross-linked polyethylene imine nanocomposite coating with enhanced hexavalent uranium adsorption
Authors: Li Songwei , Yang Peipei , Liu Xianhu , Zhang Jiaoxia , Xie Wei , Wang Chao , Liu Chuntai , Guo Zhanhu
Published: June 2019

GO-pDA-PEI with excellent stability provided enough movement space and active sites for highly preferential adsorption of U(vi).
Novel Word Learning in Children Who Are Bilingual: Comparison to Monolingual Peers
Authors: Alt Mary , Arizmendi Genesis Dominique , Gray Shelley , Hogan Tiffany Patrice , Green Samuel , Cowan Nelson
Published: June 2019

Purpose

We compared novel word learning in 2nd-grade children with typical development who were Spanish–English bilinguals to English monolinguals to understand word learning in bilingual children.

Method

Children (monolinguals
n
= 167, bilinguals
n
= 76) engaged in 5 computer-based tasks that assessed word learning in 6 different contexts. The tasks measured children's ability to link novel names with novel objects/actions, make decisions about the accuracy of those names and objects/actions, recognize the semantic features of the objects/actions, and produce the novel names. For analysis, we used Bayesian repeated-measures analyses of covariance with Bayesian independent-samples
t
tests to clarify interactions.

Results

Monolingual and bilingual children differed in some, but not most, word learning situations. There was at least moderate evidence that bilingual children were less accurate at naming in 1 condition and at detecting mispronunciations in 3 of 6 contexts and were less accurate at judging semantic features of a referent when that referent was paired with orthographic information.

Discussion

Among children with typical development, there were few differences in novel word learning between monolingual and bilingual participants. When differences did occur, they suggested that bilinguals were more accepting of phonological variations of word productions than their monolingual peers.
Performance evaluation and comparison of spatial modulation and non‐DC MIMO m‐CAP techniques in indoor VLC system
Authors: Nassiri Mahdi , Ashouri Saeed , Baghersalimi Gholamreza , Ghassemlooy Zabih
Published: June 2019

Here, the authors propose and apply two novel schemes of multi‐band carrierless amplitude and phase (m‐CAP) modulation for spatial modulation (SM)‐based visible light communications (VLC) systems. In SM, both spatial and signal constellation are utilised to improve the performance of the m‐CAP system. Here, they have adopted the non‐DC m‐CAP which is a power efficient technique with no DC‐bias. The bit error rate (BER) performance and the spectral efficiency of the proposed systems are compared with single‐input single‐output (SISO) and multiplexing multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) m‐CAP systems. Results demonstrate that non‐DC m‐CAP, with the same spectral efficiency as that of SISO m‐CAP, outperforms other schemes in terms of BER due to its power efficiency; however, a higher spectral efficiency can be achieved by the SM‐MIMO m‐CAP scheme.
Detecting the general relativistic orbital precession of the exoplanet HD 80606b
Authors: Blanchet Luc , Hébrard Guillaume , Larrouturou François
Published: June 2019

We investigate the relativistic effects in the orbital motion of the exoplanet HD 80606b with a high eccentricity of e ≃ 0.93. We propose a method to detect these effects (notably the orbital precession) based on measuring the successive eclipse and transit times of the exoplanet. In the case of HD 80606b, we find that in ten years (after approximately 33 periods) the instants of transits and eclipses are delayed with respect to the Newtonian prediction by about three minutes due to relativistic effects. These effects can be detected by comparing at different epochs the time difference between a transit and the preceding eclipse, and should be measurable by comparing events already observed on HD 80606 in 2010 with the Spitzer satellite together with those to be observed in the future with the James Webb Space Telescope.
Information technology in the study of the quality of concrete work
Authors: Stradanchenko Sergey , Maslennikov Stanislav , Dmitrienko Vladimir , Kokunko Irina
Published: June 2019

The article presents the results of using information technologies in the study of changes of concrete characteristics at different hardening conditions. The use of the developed temperature measurement complexes made it possible to control the conditions of hardening of monolithic concrete structures directly under production conditions. The results by means of using regression analysis are obtained, regression models of the dependence of the compressive strength of concrete on time and hardening temperature are determined. A significant decrease in compressive strength and resistance to air penetration of concrete samples during their storage under conditions of significant temperature fluctuations has been established.
Design and development of installation of the
electromechanical transformer from a discrete secondary part for cellulose grind process
Authors: Kuimov Denis N. , Minkin Maxim S.
Published: June 2019

In the present publication, problems of design of the electromechanical transformer with a discrete secondary part are considered. Design process is analysed, the key geometrical parameters of a tooth zone of the inductor are calculated. Process of an optimization of the inductor is carried out.
Features of process of preliminary grind of cellulose-containing materials
Authors: Onoiko Tatyana
Published: June 2019

In the real work, features of technological process of preliminary grind of cellulose-containing materials raw materials are analysed and features of the existing technologies are considered. The expediency of use for grind of cellulose raw materials by a without knife way of influence by hydrodynamic cavitation in the electromechanical transformer with a discrete secondary part is presented.
Energy efficiency digital filter design for spectral analysis of primary electrical values
Authors: Mladenovic Vladimir , Stefanovic Caslav , Makov Sergey
Published: June 2019

In this paper, the knowledge based design of digital filter for analysis of spectral components is illustrated. The primary electrical values are analyzed observing of the faults which appear by earth short circuits. The main point of view is negative sequence component and higher harmonics in distributed electrical networks. Method of symbolic processing is used to design digital filter that realizes negative sequence component. Designing of digital filter is based on active analog filter in the three-phase electrical networks using bilinear transformation. We use methods of computer algebra tools (Mathematica) to simulate processes in network. Also, we automatically derive properties of digital filter, and the knowledge embedded in symbolic expressions was used to simulate an example system. The characteristics of digital filter are given and annotated using different sampling frequency and entire cases of earth short circuits.
Head-mounted eye tracker based on android smartphone
Authors: Fisunov Alexander V. , Beloyvanov Maxim S. , Korovin Iakov S.
Published: June 2019

This paper presents a wearable eye tracker that tracks points of interests of user at videostream showed at smartphone screen. The system consists head-mounted case for smartphone, point of interest detection algorithm, the software developed for this purposes, and Android smartphone used to show videostream, estimate point of interests at video, and log estimated data into device internal memory.
Production and Technological Parameters of Milled Peat Extraction Depending on Organization of Peat Machines Operation
Authors: Chertkova Elena , Sizova Victoria
Published: June 2019

The article presents two options of organizing the technological process of milled peat extraction with due consideration of weather conditions for peat drying. The first option of the technological process is the extraction based on cycle peat harvesting differentiation. The developed technological process of milled peat drying in thick layers based on pneumatic peat harvesting allows us to organize a technology of peat extraction with a constant cycle time, avoiding the necessity for drying rate prediction. This is due to the fact that under good weather conditions the spreading thickness of 45-50 mm is sufficient to maximize the number of harvesting cycles. Milling at roughly equal depths forms the basis for the second option of technological process. The article presents the methodology of calculating such technological parameters as cycle and seasonal harvesting, number of cycles and seasonal productivity of a harvesting machine. Seasonal harvesting and seasonal productivity of a harvesting machine are calculated by technological design standards. The analysis of calculations revealed that in the process of milled peat extraction based on cycle harvesting differentiation, it is necessary to apply coefficient 0.9 that takes into account the organization of harvesting machines operation.
Analysis of Customer Processes in a Mining Company
Authors: Domaracká Lucia , Shejbalová Muchová Mária , Tauš Peter , Taušová Marcela , Albert Marián
Published: June 2019

The aim of the thesis was to analyze the customer processes in the company. With the help of PEST analysis we found out in which external environment the given company operates. We then analyzed the sales activities of our customers. The main outcome of this work was the elaboration of a SWOT analysis, which showed us the strengths and weaknesses of the company and also the opportunities and threats that come from its external environment. The result of the analyzes was a proposal in the form of a review of its status and recommendations for its further development in the sector under review, which could be adapted to its changes.
Experimental Studies about Characteristics of the Rocks Displacement and State of Bearing Pressure on the Haulage Roadway
Authors: Pham Duc Thang , Hoang Hung Thang , Vitcalov Victor
Published: June 2019

Comprehensive studies were conducted using measuring stations to measure the rock pressure and displacements of the roof rocks in the mine workings adjacent to the face when extracting medium thick inclined coal seams with the use of longwall (seam 6 at the Quang Hanh mine of Quang Ninh coal basin, Vietnam). The results of the study show that the displacement of the roof rock on the parallel roadway increases sharply at a distance of 1 to 12 m to the face, varies from 20 to 40 mm when the mining depth of the coal seam is 200 m and the maximum rock pressure on the haulage roadway supports is located at a distance of 3–8 m ahead of the face and is from 14 to 16 tons ranges.
Determination of the Parameters of Technological Schemes for the Development of Coal Seams Prone to Spontaneous Combustion using Computer Simulation
Authors: Meshkov Sergey
Published: June 2019

The study considers thr problem of endogenous fire hazard in underground mining of coal seams prone to spontaneous combustion. The main trends in the development of modern technology of underground coal mining are shown. The interaction of air-gas-dynamic and geomechanical processes in the development of coal seams by longwall mining is considered. The possibilities of computer simulation of air-gas-dynamic processes in the extraction districts of modern coal mines are considered. The significant influence of geological and mining conditions of mining operations on the distribution of air flow in extraction districts and the efficiency of gas emission control in the workings of the extraction districts are shown. The design scheme and the results of numerical studies (methane and oxygen concentration fields) are given. It is concluded that it is necessary to determine the rational parameters of the preparation, ventilation, isolated drainage and degassing schemes when developing gas-bearing coal seams that are prone to spontaneous combustion. Recommendations are given on improvement of the safety in mining coal seams that are prone to spontaneous combustion.
Features of the Excavation and Loading Equipment of Various Types in the Development of Inclined and Steep Beds
Authors: Kolesnikov Valery , Katsubin Alexander , Martyanov Victor , Dobrov Alexander
Published: June 2019

Open pit coal mining enterprises are constantly faced with the task of increasing the economic efficiency of mining, reducing coal losses and increasing profitability. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of open-pit mining is the improvement of the technology for developing coal-bearing zones of quarry fields in sloped and steeply complex (hard-structured) deposits. Currently, projects for promising deposits have been completed, and a number of existing sections are developing coal-bearing zones across their entire width in horizontal layers. Extraction and loading equipment for stripping and winning operations in this area is characterized by a wide variety: rope shovels (also called power or stripping shovels), backhoes and hydraulic shovels or their joint work. When using only rope shovels or only backhoes, they produce an excavation of both interbeds and coal seams. When they work together in the coal-bearing zone, the rope shovel makes a stripping of the interbeds, and the backhoe – an extraction of the coal seams. However, such technical solutions are not sufficiently substantiated. The fact is that rope shovels and backhoe shovels have their advantages and disadvantages in operation.
Anticorrosion Protection as a Factor in Improving Industrial Safety at Mining Enterprises
Authors: Cherkasova Tatiana , Cherkasova Yelizaveta , Tikhomirova Anastasia , Nevedrov Aleksandr
Published: June 2019

The issue of reliable and safe operation of equipment, the use of technical devices and materials, the repair and renewal of fixed production assets is relevant. Corrosion processes have a very negative impact on the technical condition and safe operation of equipment, buildings and structures. The reasons for the increasing damage to the fixed production assets are their physical wear, poor quality of rolled stock, reinforced concrete and polymers, non-compliance with processing technology, neglect of the requirements of technical and regulatory documentation. The measures of increasing the service life of fixed production assets through the use of polymer-silicate protective coatings are proposed in this paper. As a result of studying the compositions with various contents of water-repellent and plasticizing additives, it was found that if the content of each of them is 3%, the duration of setting of the polymeric silicate coating increases 1.5 times. At the same time, mechanical strength and setting time remain the same. Also, an increase in the setting time is ensured by the prolonged high-speed mixing of the polymer-silicate mixture.
The Development of Theoretical Basis of Mathematical Model of Crushed Rock Particle-Particle Packing
Authors: Shabaev Sergey , Ivanov Sergey , Nikita Martel
Published: June 2019

The existing mathematical models that predict the poly-fractional granular media packing density do not take into account their packing degree, which gives a fairly large deviation of the simulation results from the actual experimental values (up to 20-25%). To increase the reliability of prediction of the elastic modulus of crushed rocks, it is necessary to develop the mathematical model that would give more adequate values, since it is known that a change in the granular medium packing density by only 5-10% can lead to a change in the elastic modulus up to 1.5-2 times. The conditions under which smaller particles can be placed in the free space formed after packing larger particles are determined in this work on the basis of the performed computer simulation. It is established that particles of the i-th component of crushed rock can be placed in the free space formed after packing all the previous (larger) components, if the free space volume exceeds the ratio of the actual volume of the particles of the considered component to the packing density of one-dimensional particles to a degree that is exponential function of the serial number of the component.
Increasing Spontaneous Combustion Risk While Reducing the Coal Particle Size
Authors: Portola Vyacheslav , Lee Hi Un , Botvenko Denis , Ludzish Vladimir , Pavlov Arhip
Published: June 2019

Extraction, storage and transportation of coal are complicated by the danger of spontaneous combustion centers due to toxic gases emission. At various technological processes, the formation of clusters consisting of coal particles of various sizes is possible. In the course of the research, the influence of the size of coal particles on the danger of spontaneous combustion of oxidizing material clusters was estimated. The studies of coal chemical activity have shown that for most seams of Kuzbass mines, the amount of absorbed oxygen increases significantly with decreasing particle size. Coal dust can be more active than coal in 3-8 times. For some seams, the coal breakage has almost no effect on its chemical activity in relation to oxygen. It is determined that the duration of incubation period of spontaneous combustion also varies depending on the size of particles forming the coal cluster. For the appearance of spontaneous combustion centers, the size of coal dust clusters may be in 2– 4 times smaller than for coal. In order to increase the safety of work for all the seams it is necessary to study the chemical activity in relation to oxygen, the tendency to spontaneous combustion, and the duration of the incubation period not only for coal samples, but also for coal dust.
Assessment of the Stress State of Mine Workings in Shock-Hazardous Fields
Authors: Mannanov Ulug’bek , Kazakov Aziz , Sharifova Nazokat
Published: June 2019

The article presents the results of experimental data obtained by the method of slotted unloading, the presence of subhorizontal stresses in the array of gold deposits of Uzbekistan. It is shown that as a result of the study it was found that the structural structure of the array at a certain ratio of the elastic properties of the intermediate layer can make correlations in the obtained dependences. The analytical method determined the critical depth of rock-bump hazard for Kochbulak and Kyzyl-Almatin fields.
Justification of the Relationship of Production Capacity and the Parameters of the Blocks at Surface Mining of Existing Kuzbass Quarry Fields
Authors: Selyukov Alexei , Gerasimov Andrey , Byrdin Kirill
Published: June 2019

Today, up to two-thirds of the world’s minerals are mined in an open, more economical way. However, at the same time, billions of tons of overburden are extracted, which are piled in the dumps, where they are polluted, lose their value and, in addition, reduce the quality of the environment. The possibility of industrial use of various rocks of from quarry field characterizes the complexity of minerals extracted by surface mining. Currently, there are no clear criteria for determining the size of blocks when designing enterprises for open pit mining. In most cases, when designing open pit mines, a quarry field is conventionally divided into several blocks, which does not always ensure the optimal production capacity of the mining enterprise due to the uneven distribution of reserves in the block contours. Because of that, during the transition from one block to another, a decrease in the production capacity of the enterprise can be noted. To avoid productivity decreasing, the precise analysis of the block parameters must be performed.
Quality Criterion of the Loading and Transport System Operation at Open-Pit Mines
Authors: Voronov Yuri , Voronov Anton , Voronov Artyom
Published: June 2019

Loading and transport operations at open-pit mines are performed mainly by heavy loading & transport systems (LTS). One of the main problems of the LTS is a rather low level of its operation quality, mainly due to the imbalanced influence of various factors on the efficiency of the joint operation of shovels and trucks as parts of the LTS. In this article we formulate, derive and analyze a functional criterion for assessing the LTS operation quality at open-pit mines. The rationale, general principles of the functional criterion formation, its general form for mixed (heterogeneous) truck and shovel fleets, which are typical for modern mining LTSs, are presented. For this purpose, modern methods of data collection and processing, mathematical modeling, analysis and synthesis are used. The possibility of assessing the LTS operation quality is very important for identifying the main directions of improving its operational performance and operation quality, for reaching an optimization of the key performance indicators by the quality criterion, and, as a result, for a possible saving of resources during the open-pit mining of minerals.
Operation Quality Indicators for Shovel-Truck Systems at Open-Pit Coal Mines
Authors: Voronov Anton , Voronov Yuri , Voronov Artyom , Demirel Nuray
Published: June 2019

Stripping and mining operations at open-pit coal mines are performed mainly by heavy shovel-truck systems (STS). One of the main problems of the STS is a rather low level of its operation quality, an objective assessment of which is an important step in identifying the causes of low quality and effective ways to improve it. The purpose of assessing the STS operation quality is defined as a functional criterion. The next important step of the assessment is to choose the set of indicators that most characterize the STS operation quality. In this article we present the rationale, the general principles for the formation of quality indicators set, the sources and the main dependencies for its determination. For this purpose, modern methods of data collection and processing, analysis and synthesis are used. The ability to assess the STS operation quality is very important for identifying the main directions of improving its operational performance, reaching the optimization of the key performance indicators by the quality criterion, and, as a result, for the possible saving of material and technical resources in the open-pit mining of minerals.
Ecological Aspects of Coal Mining Enterprises’ Activity in Conditions of Digitalization
Authors: Kudryashova Irina , Venger Mihail , Zakharova Natalia
Published: June 2019

The study is devoted to the environmental aspects of coal mining enterprises’ activity in digitalization of economy. It substantiates the statement that the innovative development of coal mining enterprises should be based on the concept of greening economy and greening production. The authors proposed modern environmental and economic instruments of state environmental policy. It is substantiated that in order to ensure the effective functioning of coal mining enterprises, it is necessary to apply new digital tools of resource and environmental policies focused on the use of modern software and analytical technologies: optimization packages of applied programs, solving geo-economic problems of visualization of ecological-and-economic state and development of territories. The results of study presented in the paper allow reconciling the complex and controversial tasks of greening enterprises and territories, implementing an adequate local environmental policy, taking into account the human adaptation to harmful natural and man-made factors.
Ecological Traits of Formica Aquilonia Yarrow (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Environmental System of the Coal Mining Region
Authors: Blinova Svetlana , Radosteva Aleksandra , Dobrydina Tatiana
Published: June 2019

The ecological traits of the settlement of ants Formica aqiulonia Yarrow were studied in areas influenced by various anthropogenic factors (recreation, coal industry, increasing road traffic). We have revealed that ants are sensitive to any effects and in the overwhelming cases disappear from the contaminated area. Anthills with a dome diameter of 0.65-0.80 appeared to be the most resistant to various anthropogenic factors. No changes in the diet of F. aquilonia have been detected in the zone of coalmine impact. On the contrary, in the areas with a high recreational impact, the proportion first and second instar larvae of the Colorado beetle is increasing, which makes it possible to consider this species as a biological defense.
Development of the Characterizing Indicators for the Existing Biodiversity and Natural Ecosystems and Their Role in Habitat Formation
Authors: Myaskov Alexander , Kostyuk Svetlana , Marinova Dora
Published: June 2019

Particular species of living organisms contribute to our natural environment in respective particular ways. Joined together, these species form biocenoses, able to run vital natural functions. Biogeocenoses that tightly link living and non-living organisms are the basis of ecosystems, our planet and human beings as biological species in particular, as later ones are fully dependent on the environmental condition. Determining the contributions of specific species and, subsequently, ecosystems is an essential aspect of human environmental policy. Determining the importance and value of biological diversity as well as understanding of its existence is a mandatory element of environmental policy of major industrial corporations and the basis of future economic decisions of all countries.
Revising the Need to Improve Ecological Situation in the Mining Region
Authors: Egorova Natalia , Zaruba Natalia , Kudelas Dusan
Published: June 2019

In present-day conditions the main goal of social and economic development of any territory is the growth of living standards including improvement of ecological situation by carrying out nature protection measures. Increase of negative impact on environment and sometimes uncivilized use of natural potential of the region are the main reasons why society concerns the problems of environment preservation. Improvement of ecological situation is one of the most important factors of development of the region now, at the same time providing balance of interrelation between public needs and natural resources. As a result the question of the need to provide conditions for improvement of environment in a region, especially in a coal-mining region, in the course of its development, becomes more and more urgent. That’s why environmental monitoring should become one of the instruments of execution of such approach, which today, undoubtedly, means a lot in the solution of environmental problems, however is not always systematic and does not consider all features of a mining region. The need of careful studying and forecasting of an ecological state of the coal-mining region becomes logical and obvious.
Environmental Responsibility of Coal Mining Companies and Quality of Life Measuring in Mining Clusters
Authors: Starikova Lyudmila , Sagdeeva Lyudmila , Trapeznikova Irina
Published: June 2019

The development of coal mining in the largest Russian mining cluster – Kuzbass (Kemerovo Region, Western Siberia) is accompanied, on the one hand, by an increase in environmental issues in the form of air, water and soil pollution. The same applies to the growth of coal processing in the region – coal preparation, coke and coal chemistry production. On the other hand, the well-being of the population of the region in which clusters of coal and coal chemistry are located is growing. Therefore, the responsibility of coal companies to the regional community acquires a dual meaning – ecological and socio-economic. Assessing such responsibility of coal companies requires the formation of a special approach to identifying the impact of mining development on the quality of life of local communities.
Ecosystem of Medicinal Plants Species and Potential of Growing on the Dumps of Kedrovsky Surface Mine (Kemerovo Region)
Authors: Egorova Irina , Neverova Olga , Grigorieva Tatyana
Published: June 2019

The medicinal flora of phytocenosis “Yuzhny” waste dump Kedrovsky coal mine pit in Kemerovo region was studied. It has been established that 51 species of medicinal plants belonging to 46 genus and 27 families grow on the waste dump. They are permitted for use in official medicine and included in the Medicines State Register in the territory of the Russian Federation. The most of medicinal plants species are represented by forest (39.22%), ruderal (27.45%) and meadow (23.53%) vegetation, which in general is 90.2% of the identified medicinal plants number. The share of semi-aquatic and steppe vegetation accounts for 7.84% and 1.96%, respectively. It has been established that perennial herbaceous plants (25 species) predominate in the life forms composition; shrubs and trees account for 7 and 9 species, respectively. Researches were established a group of medicinal plants with resource potential and interest in raw materials procurement. This group include 13 herbaceous plants (Achillea millefolium L., Viola arvensis Murr., Polygonum aviculare L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., Fragaria vesca L., Verbascum thapsus L., Urtica dioica L., Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim., Tussilago farfara L., Taraxacum officinale Web., Tanacetum vulgare L., Plantago major L., Artemisia absinthium L.), 5 shurbs (Crataеgus sanguínea Pall., Hippophaë rhamnoides L., Rosa accicularis Lindl., Rosa majalis Herm., Viburnum opulus L.) and 5 trees ( Betula pendula Roth., Betula pubesccens Ehrh., Padus avium Mill., Sorbus sibirica Hedl., Pinus sylbestris L.).
Perspective Wastewater Treatment from Cu2+ Ions in the Mining Industry
Authors: Turabdzhanov Sadritdin , Nazirov Zulkaynar , Turaeva Dildora , Rakhimova Latofatkhon
Published: June 2019

The synthesis of new cation-exchanger based on local raw materials for the extraction of copper from copper-containing solution investigated. A review of the literature regarding the problem of ion exchange method and the use of mine wastewater treatment process is presented. Sorption selectivity of Cu2+ ions by cation exchanger in the H-and Na-forms from dilute solutions was studied in the target concentration range 90 mg/dm3 and 5,49 g/ dm3. The full dynamic exchange capacity calculated. The cation exchanger analyzed with consideration for IR spectroscopic, chemical analysis, and scanning electron microscopic data. Quantum-chemical calculations performed that synthesized cation-exchanger stable complexes with Cu2+ ions. Obtained cation exchanger due to excellent behavior recommended removing copper ions from wastewater in the mine industry.
Use of Solid Carbon Residue of Tire Pyrolysis as an Adsorbent for Organic Substances Removal from Water
Authors: Makarevich Yevgenia , Papin Andrey , Domru Eugen
Published: June 2019

The study on preparation of sorbents based on carbon residue of tire pyrolysis is presented in the article. As a part of the study, carbon residue was refined to improve its processing characteristics. It is found that refining resulted in twofold total pore volume increase. Also, the iodine adsorption value depends on the time of reaction. Adsorption capacity increases as the time of interaction with iodine solution increases. Refined 0,2 mm size grade carbon black has the best adsorption value. When an aqueous solution of 1 g/dm3 phenol was passed through the filter, the purification efficiency was about 35%; when phenol concentration was 0,1 g/dm3, purification efficiency amounted to about 85%. The filter being re-used; the absorption capacity is reduced to 50%. The absorption capacity decreases due to the sorbing micro-pore bridging. Phosphoric acid activation of spent adsorbent provides for the restoration of its sorption properties and allows its re-use.
Solution for the Location of Rock Cutting Elements Relative to the Rotation Center of Geohod
Authors: Nesterov Valery , Aksenov Vladimr , Sadovets Vladimir , Pashkov Dmitry
Published: June 2019

The article presents the technical solution for the location of cutting elements relative to the rotation center of Geohod for destructing rocks with a strength up to 1 of Protodyakonov hardness. The relevancy of the research is considered. General information about Geohod is given. The features of working body of Geohod are described, in particular, the formation of a complex shape of the face and the working body, and it is also said that in the case of screw movement of working body of Geohod to the face, the points of working body form a helicoidal (helical) surface. To set the purpose and objectives of the study the geometric parameters of generatrix are justified. The parameter depending on the number of blades and on the radius of location of the blade’s cut is identified. Based on the study, the dependence of the number of blades on their location from the center to the periphery is determined. The design of blade working body of Geohod for rocks with a strength f <1 of Protodyakonov hardness is offered. Also the directions for further research have been identified, which include: the development of methods for calculating cutting forces for a technical solution for the location of cutting elements relative to the center of rotation of Geohod for destructing rocks up to 1 of Protodyakonov hardness; the application of this technique for obtaining variants of the blade working body of Geohod of different types.