bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Trityl Isocyanide as a Mechanistic Probe in Multicomponent Chemistry: Walking the Line Between Ugi‐ and Strecker‐Type Reactions.
Authors: Cioc Razvan C. , Preschel Hans D. , van der Heijden Gydo , Ruijter Eelco , Orru Romano V. A.
Published: October 2016

The application of title reagent (III) as cyanide source is demonstrated in 3 different types of reaction (Strecker, Ugi, Groebke—Blackburn—Bienaym).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Surface‐Active N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand and Its Pd‐Catalyzed Aqueous Mizoroki—Heck Reaction.
Authors: Taira Toshiaki , Yanagimoto Takaya , Sakai Kenichi , Sakai Hideki , Endo Akira , Imura Tomohiro
Published: October 2016

The title agent and its Pd complex act as a general surfactant: hydrophobic oily substrates are emulsified in water and thus, an acceleration of the reaction becomes possible under heterogeneous conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Phosphotungstic Acid‐Supported Multifunctional Organocatalyst Containing 9‐Amino(9‐deoxy)epi‐cinchonidine and Broensted Acid and Its Application in Asymmetric Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Lan Ling , Xie Guangxin , Wu Tao , Feng Dandan , Ma Xuebing
Published: October 2016

The novel catalyst can be easily recovered by centrifugation and reused up to five times without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Construction of Amidines from Arylboronic Acids under Oxidative Conditions.
Authors: Zhu Fengxiang , Li Yahui , Wang Zechao , Orru Romano V. A. , Maes Bert U. W. , Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: October 2016

The multicomponent approach to the amidine class tolerates various functional groups and leads to generally moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Selective Syntheses of Markovnikov‐Type Hydrothiolation Products and Thioacetals by the Reactions of Thiols with Alkenes Bearing Heteroatoms.
Authors: Xi Hui , Ma Enlu , Li Zhiping
Published: October 2016

Both classes of title compounds are readily available by simply switching the copper catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Dithiocarbamates Starting from Vinyl Pyridines and Vinyl Pyrazine under Solvent‐ and Catalyst‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Halimehjani Azim Ziyaei , Martens Juergen , Schlueter Torben
Published: October 2016

The simple procedure is suitable for the preparation of a broad spectrum of title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Syn‐Selective Nitro‐Michael Addition of Furanones to β,β‐Disubstituted Nitroalkenes Catalyzed by epi‐Quinine Derivatives.
Authors: Sekikawa Tohru , Kitaura Hayato , Kitaguchi Takayuki , Minami Tatsuya , Hatanaka Yasuo
Published: October 2016

A highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective nitro‐Michael addition of furanones to β,β‐disubstituted nitroalkenes catalyzed by epi‐quinine catalyst is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd/Phenanthroline‐Catalyzed Arylative Cyclization of o‐(1‐Alkynyl)thioanisoles: Synthesis of 3‐Arylated Benzo[b]thiophenes.
Authors: Yamauchi Takayuki , Shibahara Fumitoshi , Murai Toshiaki
Published: October 2016

An arylative cyclization between o‐(1‐alkynyl)thioanisoles and aryl iodides, involving a demethylation and subsequent coupling reaction with aryl halides is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Decarboxylative Coupling of α‐Keto Acids with ortho‐Phenylenediamines Promoted by an Electrochemical Method in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Wang Hai‐Bin , Huang Jing‐Mei
Published: October 2016

Electrolysis of ortho‐phenylenediamines and ortho‐aminothiophenols in the presence of α‐keto acids is optimized.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction via Intramolecular Hydroamination Cyclization of Homopropargylic Amines and Intermolecular Povarov Reaction with Imines.
Authors: Wang Hongkai , Wang Chan , Huang Kaimeng , Liu Lingyan , Chang Weixing , Li Jing
Published: October 2016

A series of hexahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐c]quinoline derivatives is synthesized in good to high yields by a one‐pot cascade reaction of homopropargylic amines with simple imines in the presence of Cu(OTf)2.
ChemInform Abstract: A Ruthenium Complex‐Catalyzed Cyclotrimerization of Halodiynes with Nitriles. Synthesis of 2‐ and 3‐Halopyridines.
Authors: Bednarova Eva , Colacino Evelina , Lamaty Frederic , Kotora Martin
Published: October 2016

The Ru‐catalyzed reaction of bromodiynes with nitriles (II) and (VII) gives rise to the corresponding bromopyridines, which are obtained as regioisomeric mixtures in most cases.
ChemInform Abstract: Silane@TiO2 Nanoparticles‐Driven Expeditious Synthesis of Biologically Active Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐a]chromeno[4,3‐d]pyrimidin‐6‐one Scaffolds: A Green Approach.
Authors: Mahire Vilas N. , Patel Vijay E. , Chaudhari Ashok B. , Gite Vikas V. , Mahulikar Pramod P.
Published: October 2016

The catalyst can be reused at least three times without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Pot‐, Atom‐ and Step‐Economic Synthesis of Novel Benzo[d]thiazole‐[1,3]‐thiazine Hybrids in a One‐Pot Reaction.
Authors: Wadhwa Preeti , Kaur Tanpreet , Sharma Anuj
Published: October 2016

An operationally simple one‐pot procedure allows the synthesis of the title species via microwave assisted sequential reaction of benzothiazole‐2‐amines with isothiocyanates and acetylenedicarboxylates.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective γ‐Alkylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Malonates and Ketoesters by a Sequential Ir‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation/Cope Rearrangement.
Authors: Liu Wen‐Bo , Okamoto Noriko , Alexy Eric J. , Hong Allen Y. , Tran Kristy , Stoltz Brian M.
Published: October 2016

The transformation of cyclic alkylidene malonates or cyclic α,β‐unsaturated β‐ketoesters with aryl substituted allyl carbonates proceeds enantioselectively as well as regioselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemo‐, Regio‐, and Stereoselective Hydroboration of Conjugated Enyne Alcohol/Amine: Facile Synthesis of Z,Z‐/Z,E‐1,3‐Dien‐1/2‐ylboronic Ester Bearing Hydroxyl/Amino Group.
Authors: Xu Hua‐Dong , Wu Hao , Jiang Chun , Chen Peng , Shen Mei‐Hua
Published: October 2016

The alkyne substituent has a significant influence on the regioselectivity of the hydroboration of the enyne substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti‐HIV Activity of 5′‐Homo‐2′,3′‐dideoxy‐2′,3′‐didehydro‐4′‐selenonucleosides (5′‐Homo‐4′‐Se‐d4 Ns).
Authors: Qu Shuhao , Kim Gyudong , Yu Jinha , Sahu Pramod K. , Choi Yoojin , Naik Siddhi D. , Jeong Lak Shin
Published: October 2016

Starting from previously developed homoselenonucleosides such as (I), a short route to the title compounds (VII) is developed using the conversion of the diol unit to a thiocarbonyl protected diol and following diazaphospholidine mediated elimination as key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (‐)‐ and (+)‐Gummiferol via Asymmetric Synthesis of Glycidic Amides.
Authors: Garcia‐Ruiz Cristina , Cheng‐Sanchez Ivan , Sarabia Francisco
Published: October 2016

An efficient syntheses of the natural and non‐natural gummiferols are achieved according to a novel asymmetric methodology of diepoxy alkyne formation based on a new class of chiral sulfonium salts.
ChemInform Abstract: Three New 16‐Membered Macrolide Compounds from a Genetically Engineered Strain S. avermitilis MHJ1011
Authors: Pan Jun‐Jie , Wan Xu , Zhang Shao‐Yong , Huang Jun , Zhang Hui , Chen An‐Liang , Wang Ji‐Dong
Published: October 2016

isolation and structure elucidation of three new milbemycin analogues (I) with impressive acaricidal activity against larval mites
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones and Imines Through Dynamic Kinetic Resolution
Authors: Echeverria Pierre‐Georges , Ayad Tahar , Phansavath Phannarath , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie
Published: October 2016

Review: [75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dearomatization Through Halofunctionalization Reactions
Authors: Liang Xiao‐Wei , Zheng Chao , You Shu‐Li
Published: October 2016

Review: [52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Achievements in Enantioselective Borrowing Hydrogen by the Combination of Iron‐ and Organocatalysis
Authors: Roudier Mylene , Constantieux Thierry , Rodriguez Jean , Quintard Adrien
Published: October 2016

Review: 45 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids as Novel Media for Electrophilic/Onium Ion Chemistry and Metal‐mediated Reactions: a Progress Summary
Authors: Laali Kenneth K.
Published: October 2016

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioconjugation — Using Selective Chemistry to Enhance the Properties of Proteins and Peptides as Therapeutics and Carriers
Authors: Gunnoo Smita B. , Madder Annemieke
Published: October 2016

Review: 135 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: DPPH Radical‐Scavenging Activity and Kinetics of Antioxidant Agent Hesperidin in Pure Aqueous Micellar Solutions
Authors: Jabbari Morteza , Jabbari Azam
Published: October 2016

Review: 28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chitin and Chitosan as Antitumor Agents: A State‐of‐the‐Art Mini Review
Authors: Jain Tanvi , Dutta P. K.
Published: October 2016

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiarabine, 1‐(4‐Thio‐β‐D‐arabinofuranosyl)cytosine. A Deoxycytidine Analog with Excellent Anticancer Activity
Authors: Parker W. B. , Waud W. R. , Secrist, J. A. III
Published: October 2016

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of MOF‐Derived Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials for Efficient Catalysis
Authors: Shen Kui , Chen Xiaodong , Chen Junying , Li Yingwei
Published: October 2016

Review: 199 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Two‐Dimensional Boron Hydride Sheets: High Stability, Massless Dirac Fermions, and Excellent Mechanical Properties.
Authors: Jiao Yalong , Ma Fengxian , Bell John , Bilic Ante , Du Aijun
Published: October 2016

Four stable two‐dimensional boron hydride sheets (C2/m, Pbcm, Cmmm, and Pmmn) are identified by DFT calculations and global minimum search with the particle‐swarm optimization method.
ChemInform Abstract: Superhard Monoborides: Hardness Enhancement Through Alloying in W1‐xTaxB.
Authors: Yeung Michael T. , Lei Jialin , Mohammadi Reza , Turner Christopher L. , Wang Yue , Tolbert Sarah H. , Kaner Richard B.
Published: October 2016

Polycrystalline W1‐xTaxB (x = 0.01—0.5) is prepared by repeated arc melting of the elements under Ar and ambient pressure.
ChemInform Abstract: Unique Colours of 3d‐Transition‐Metal‐Substituted Lyonsite Molybdates and Their Derivatives: The Role of Multiple Coordination Geometries and Metal‐to‐Metal Charge Transfer.
Authors: Laha Sourav , Natarajan Srinivasan , Gopalakrishnan Jagannatha
Published: October 2016

The compounds Li3Al1‐xMIIIx (MoO4)3 (0 < x ≤ 1.0; MIII: Cr, Fe) and Li3‐xAl1‐xMII2x (MoO4)3 (0 < x ≤ 1.0; MII: Co, Ni, Cu) are synthesized by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of the constituent binaries at around 700 °C in air, and characterized by powder XRD, and UV/VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: The Oxygen‐Rich Beryllium Oxides BeO4 and BeO6.
Authors: Zhang Qingnan , Jerabek Paul , Chen Mohua , Zhou Mingfei , Frenking Gernot
Published: October 2016

The BeO4 isomers O—Be—O—O—O and the ozonide O—Be(O3) are detected in the electronic triplet state following an Ar matrix isolation via deposition of laser evaporated Be and O2 onto a cryogenic CsI window (1064 nm fundamental of Nd:YAG laser, 4 K, 0.5—1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Optical Properties of K2.4Ga2.4M1.6Q8 (M: Si,Ge; Q: S, Se) Crystals and Glasses.
Authors: He Jianqiao , Zhang Xian , Guo Pan , Cheng Ye , Zheng Chong , Huang Fuqiang
Published: October 2016

The title compounds are prepared by a reactive flux method involving K2Q2 (Q: S, Se) as the flux, Ga2Se3, Ge or Si, and Q in the molar ratio of 2.25:0.375:0.5:1.75 (evacuated silica tubes, 750 °C, 3 d; ≈80% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Twinning of Salt and Metal in the Subnitridometalates Ba23Na11(MN4)4 with M: V, Nb, Ta.
Authors: Woersching Matthias , Tambornino Frank , Datz Stefan , Hoch Constantin
Published: October 2016

The title compounds are prepared by solid state reaction of 8:5:2:15 molar mixtures of Ba2N, Ba, M (M: V, Nb, Ta), and Na (Ta crucible, 500 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium Paramolybdate Revisited.
Authors: Srinivasan Bikshandarkoil R. , Morajkar Sudesh M.
Published: October 2016

The heptamolybdate (NH4)6 [Mo7O24]·4H2O (I) is prepared by dissolving H2MoO4·H2O in excess NH3 followed by solvent evaporation (≈100% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective CuH‐Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Aryl Alkenes and Activated Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Bandar Jeffrey S. , Ascic Erhad , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: October 2016

An asymmetric reductive coupling of aryl olefins with aryl carboxylic anhydrides yields chiral α‐aryl ketones or alcohols depending on the reaction temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Iodination of the Aliphatic C—F Bond by YbI3(THF)3: Mechanistic Insight and Synthetic Utility.
Authors: Janjetovic Mario , Ekebergh Andreas , Traeff Annika M. , Hilmersson Goeran
Published: October 2016

A one‐pot two‐step procedure including iodination of unactivated alkyl fluorides in the presence of TmsI/YbI3(thf)3 followed by treatment of the resulting iodide with nucleophiles allows the synthesis of amines, ethers, and thioethers.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Stereoselective [8 + 2] Double Cycloaddition Route to Hydronaphthalene Ring Systems.
Authors: Ying Weijiang , Zhang Lei , Wiget Paul A. , Herndon James W.
Published: October 2016

A novel single step synthesis of highly functionalized hydronaphthalene systems is presented employing readily available dienylfurans and electron‐deficient acetylenes as starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III) Versatile Catalysts for Cycloaddition of CO2 to Epoxides and Epoxidation of Alkenes.
Authors: Cuesta‐Aluja Laia , Masdeu‐Bulto Anna M.
Published: October 2016

A new tridentate pyridine‐imine‐phenolato ligand and its Fe(III) complex is prepared, characterized and its catalytic activity is tested by measuring TOFs.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple and Clean Photoinduced Aromatic Trifluoromethylation Reaction.
Authors: Li Lu , Mu Xiaoyue , Liu Wenbo , Wang Yichen , Mi Zetian , Li Chao‐Jun
Published: October 2016

A metal‐ and oxidant‐free trifluoromethylation of unactivated arenes and heteroarenes under either ultraviolet or visible light irradiation is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aryl Ketoamides via Aryne Insertion into Imides.
Authors: Wright Austin C. , Haley Christopher K. , Lapointe Guillaume , Stoltz Brian M.
Published: October 2016

A protocol is presented for the insertion of arenes into both imides and anhydrides via reactive aryne intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Alkylative Carboxylation of Allenamides with Carbon Dioxide and Dialkylzinc Reagents Catalyzed by an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene—Copper Complex.
Authors: Gholap Sandeep Suryabhan , Takimoto Masanori , Hou Zhaomin
Published: October 2016

The reaction of allenamides with dialkylzinc reagents and CO2 proceeds smoothly in the presence of a catalytic quantity of [(IPr)CuCl] to afford (Z)‐α,β‐dehydro‐β‐amino acid esters in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Chemo‐ and Regioselective Coupling of 1,3‐Dicarbonyls with N‐Heterocyclic Nucleophiles.
Authors: Kenny Miles , Kitson Daniel J. , Franckevicius Vilius
Published: October 2016

The reaction has a broad substrate scope, thus tolerating a variety of cyclic and acyclic 1,3‐dicarbonyl derivatives and a range of indole, pyrrole, imidazole, and pyrazole substrates, but no saturated cyclic amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative N‐Dealkylation/Carbonylation of Tertiary Amines with Alkynes to α,β‐Alkynylamides.
Authors: Mane Rajendra S. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: October 2016

For the first time, an effective Pd—C‐catalyzed oxidative N‐dealkylation/carbonylation of various alkynes with aliphatic as well as cyclic tertiary amines is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Allylic Esterification of Alkenes by Cooperative Selenium‐Catalysis Using Air as the Sole Oxidant.
Authors: Ortgies Stefan , Depken Christian , Breder Alexander
Published: October 2016

The novel oxidative coupling of nonactivated alkenes with simple carboxylic acids proceeds with excellent regioselectivity as well as good functional group tolerance.
ChemInform Abstract: A Metal and Base‐Free Chemoselective Primary Amination of Boronic Acids Using Cyanamidyl/Arylcyanamidyl Radical as Aminating Species: Synthesis and Mechanistic Studies by Density Functional Theory.
Authors: Chatterjee Nachiketa , Arfeen Minhajul , Bharatam Prasad V. , Goswami Avijit
Published: October 2016

The reaction tolerates a broad range of aryl, hetaryl, and alkyl boronic acids which may contain diverse functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling of Aryl Iodides with an Organocopper Reagent: A Straightforward Procedure for the Synthesis of Aryl Trifluoromethyl Ketones.
Authors: Zhu Fengxiang , Yang Guangfu , Zhou Shaolin , Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: October 2016

A carbonylation—trifluoromethylation of aryl iodides with a (trifluoromethyl)copper reagent (I) affords aryl trifluoromethyl ketones in good to excellent yields under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Thiol Esters Using PhSZnBr as Sulfenylating Agent: A DFT‐Guided Optimization of Reaction Conditions.
Authors: Sancineto Luca , Tidei Caterina , Bagnoli Luana , Marini Francesca , Lippolis Vito , Arca Massimiliano , Lenardao Eder Joao , Santi Claudio
Published: October 2016

Simply grinding the neat reagents for five minutes gives the thiol esters in excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclizations of α‐Nitroethylallenoates Forming (Z)‐Furanone Oximes.
Authors: Zhou Qing‐Fa , Zhang Kui , Cai Lingchao , Kwon Ohyun
Published: October 2016

A novel access to (Z)‐furan‐2(3H)‐one oxime derivatives from α‐nitroethylallenic esters is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of 5‐Heteroaryl‐Substituted Prolines Useful for Controlling Peptide‐Bond Geometry.
Authors: Ali Rafat , Singh Gajendra , Singh Shalini , Ampapathi Ravi Sankar , Haq Wahajul
Published: October 2016

A highly diastereoselective AlCl3‐catalyzed coupling of electron‐rich 2‐methylfuran, various indoles, and pyrrole is developed to give novel 5‐substituted L‐proline derivatives in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed/Copper‐Mediated Selective C2 Alkynylation of Indoles and C1 Alkynylation of Carbazoles with γ‐Substituted tert‐Propargyl Alcohols.
Authors: Li Ting , Wang Zhen , Qin Wen‐Bing , Wen Ting‐Bin
Published: October 2016

The scalable reaction has a broad substrate scope.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Relay Catalysis: Divergent Synthesis of Furo[3,4‐b]indoles and Cyclopenta[b]indoles from 3‐(2‐Aminophenyl)‐1,4‐enynols.
Authors: Manisha Manisha , Dhiman Seema , Mathew Jopaul , Ramasastry S. S. V.
Published: October 2016

For the first time, a divergent one‐pot relay catalytic approach for the synthesis of 1,3‐disubstituted furo[3,4‐b]indoles and cyclopenta[b]indoles starting from easily accessible 3‐(2‐aminophenyl)‐4‐pentenyn‐3‐ols is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzo[a]carbazole Derivatives from 3‐Ethylindoles by Exploiting the Dual Character of Benzoquinone as an Oxidizing Agent and Dienophile.
Authors: Kuo Chun‐Wei , Konala Ashok , Lin Lyu , Chiang Ting‐Ta , Huang Chia‐Yu , Yang Tang‐Hao , Kavala Veerababurao , Yao Ching‐Fa
Published: October 2016

The dual character of benzoquinone is exploited for the synthesis of benzo[a]carbazole derivatives starting from 3‐ethylindole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Expedient Synthesis of Densely Substituted Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles.
Authors: Dethe Dattatraya H. , Boda Raghavender
Published: October 2016

Various pyrroloindoles are prepared by one‐pot [6+2] cycloaddition reaction of indolylcarbinols with dienophiles such as indole derived α,β‐unsaturated esters, ketones, nitriles, and cinnamates using Cu(OTf)2 as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Annulation of Internal Alkynes: Direct Access to π‐Conjugated Ullazines.
Authors: Wan Danyang , Li Xiaoyu , Jiang Ruyong , Feng Boya , Lan Jingbo , Wang Ruilin , You Jingsong
Published: October 2016

The Pd‐catalyzed direct C—H cyclization of dibromoarylpyrroles with various diarylalkynes produces the title ullazines in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: S8‐Mediated Cyclization of 2‐Aminophenols/Thiophenols with Arylmethyl Chloride: Approach to Benzoxazoles and Benzothiazoles.
Authors: Gan Haifeng , Miao Dazhuang , Pan Qiang , Hu Renhe , Li Xiaotong , Han Shiqing
Published: October 2016

The scalable, metal‐free approach has a broad substrate scope.
ChemInform Abstract: Weak O‐Assistance Outcompeting Strong N,N‐Bidentate Directing Groups in Copper‐Catalyzed C—H Chalcogenation.
Authors: Cera Gianpiero , Ackermann Lutz
Published: October 2016

A copper‐catalyzed C—H chalcogenation of triazoles is achieved by weak coordination.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (E)‐3‐Styrylquinolin‐4(1H)‐ones in Water by Ohmic Heating: A Comparison with other Methodologies.
Authors: Pinto Joana , Silva Vera L. M. , Santos Luis M. N. B. F. , Silva Artur M. S.
Published: October 2016

Potentially bioactive (E)‐3‐styrylquinolin‐4(1H)‐ones are synthesized by the Heck reaction of 3‐iodo‐1‐methylquinolin‐4(1H)‐one with styrenes in water and with ohmic heating.
ChemInform Abstract: Insights into the Unexpected Chemoselectivity in Broensted Acid Catalyzed Cyclization of Isatins with Enaminones: Convenient Synthesis of Pyrrolo[3,4‐c]quinolin‐1‐ones and Spirooxindoles.
Authors: Xu Hui , Zhou Bei , Zhou Pan , Zhou Jie , Shen Yuehai , Yu Fu‐Chao , Lu Ling‐Ling
Published: October 2016

An unprecedented Broensted acid controlled cascade cyclization reaction for the site‐selective C—N and C—O double bond activation of isatins with enaminones to construct two distinct classes of highly substituted 3‐acyloxy pyrroloquinolines and spirooxindoles is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to Structurally Diverse Quinoline‐Fused Heterocycles via Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C—C/C—N Coupling of Bifunctional Substrates.
Authors: Yu Songjie , Li Yunyun , Zhou Xukai , Wang He , Kong Lingheng , Li Xingwei
Published: October 2016

Bifunctional substrates (II) undergo a redox‐neutral amination‐cyclization reaction with 2‐pyridones, indoles, and pyrroles to form quinoline‐fused heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation Leading to Substituted Indolizines by Cleavage of C(sp2)—H/C(sp3)—H Bonds.
Authors: Shen Bingxue , Li Bin , Wang Baiquan
Published: October 2016

The annulation reaction of pyridinium salts with alkynes tolerates a wide range of substituents in both partners providing highly functionalized indolizidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic‐Base‐Catalyzed Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Novel Pyrimido[1,2‐b]indazole‐3‐carbonitrile.
Authors: Shinde Vijay Vilas , Jeong Yeon Tae
Published: October 2016

Using simple dibutylamine as catalyst, the title compounds are prepared in excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Ligand/Base‐Free Tandem Cyclooxidative Synthesis of Quinazolinones.
Authors: Upadhyaya Kapil , Thakur Ravi Kumar , Shukla Sanjeev K. , Tripathi Rama Pati
Published: October 2016

The convenient one‐pot reaction between 2‐bromobenzamides, TmsN3 and either (het)aryl, alkyl or alkenyl aldehydes, the corresponding alcohols or methyl (het)arenes has a broad functional group tolerance.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Reaction of Donor—Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Mechanistic Studies on Cycloadditions with Nitrosoarenes and cis‐Diazenes.
Authors: Chidley Tristan , Vemula Naresh , Carson Cheryl A. , Kerr Michael A. , Pagenkopf Brian L.
Published: October 2016

A Lewis acid‐catalyzed cyclization of cyclopropanedicarboxylates with nitroso arenes yields tetrahydro‐1,2‐oxazines via a tandem ring opening—elimination—cycloaddition sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Engaging Electronic Effects for Atropselective [5 + 2]‐Photocycloaddition of Maleimides.
Authors: Raghunathan Ramya , Kumarasamy Elango , Jockusch Steffen , Ugrinov Angel , Sivaguru J.
Published: October 2016

The maleimides substituents′ effects on the regioselectivity are examined.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Syntheses of Isowondonins Based on a Biosynthetic Pathway.
Authors: Yu Shuai , Li Feng , Jeon Hongjun , Lee Seokwoo , Shin Jongheon , Kim Sanghee
Published: October 2016

The first total syntheses of the bis(dihydroxystyrenyl)imidazole marine alkaloids isowondonin A (I) and isowondonin B (II) are completed.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Constituents from Radermachera boniana.
Authors: Wang Ming‐Zhong , Xie Wen‐Jian , Guan Yi‐Fu , Song Xun , Hung Nguyen Van , Cuong Nguyen Manh , Santarsiero Bernard D. , Fong Harry H.S. , Soejarto D. Doel , Zhang Hong‐Jie
Published: October 2016

17 Naphthalene‐based quinones are isolated from the roots of Radermachera boniana Dop.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrathin Two‐Dimensional Layered Metal Hydroxides: An Emerging Platform for Advanced Catalysis, Energy Conversion and Storage
Authors: Yin Huajie , Tang Zhiyong
Published: October 2016

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N,N′‐Diamidocarbenes: Isolable Divalent Carbons with Bona Fide Carbene Reactivity
Authors: Moerdyk Jonathan P. , Schilter David , Bielawski Christopher W.
Published: October 2016

Review: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ethenolysis: A Green Catalytic Tool to Cleave Carbon—Carbon Double Bonds
Authors: Bidange Johan , Fischmeister Cedric , Bruneau Christian
Published: October 2016

Review: [155 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Applications of Rhodacyclopentanones Derived from C—C Bond Activation
Authors: Shaw Megan H. , Bower John F.
Published: October 2016

Review: [59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Update: Biological and Chemical Aspects of Nectandra genus (Lauraceae)
Authors: Grecco Simone S. , Lorenzi Harry , Tempone Andre G. , Lago Joao Henrique G.
Published: October 2016

Review: 244 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Decarboxylative Alkyl—Alkyl Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Konev Mikhail O. , Jarvo Elizabeth R.
Published: October 2016

Review: 18 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Ring‐Closing Carbonyl—Olefin Metathesis
Authors: Saa Carlos
Published: October 2016

Review: 7 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Catalyzed Annulations Through Activation and Cleavage of C—H Bonds
Authors: Gulias Moises , Mascarenas Jose Luis
Published: October 2016

Review: [75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Design Directed Self‐Assembly of Donor—Acceptor Polymers
Authors: Marszalek Tomasz , Li Mengmeng , Pisula Wojciech
Published: October 2016

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Heterocycles Using Highly Electrophilic Ethenetricarboxylates
Authors: Yamazaki Shoko
Published: October 2016

Review: [36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Anionic Cascade Routes to Sulfur and Nitrogen Heterocycles Originating from Thio‐ and Aminophosphate Precursors
Authors: Das Pradipta , Njardarson Jon T.
Published: October 2016

Review: 52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light‐Induced Carbonylation Reactions with Organic Dyes as the Photosensitizers
Authors: Peng Jin‐Bao , Qi Xinxin , Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: October 2016

Review: [15 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N,N′‐Bisazaheterocycles: Synthesis and Importance
Authors: Reddy Padala Satyanarayana , Bhavani Anagani Kanaka Durga
Published: October 2016

Review: 301 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ketenes as Privileged Synthons in the Syntheses of Heterocyclic Compounds Part 2: Five‐Membered Heterocycles
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Talaei Bahareh
Published: October 2016

Review: 213 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in Pyrimido[5,4‐d]pyrimidine Chemistry
Authors: Fischer Gunther
Published: October 2016

Review: 122 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Acridines
Authors: Schmidt Andreas , Liu Ming
Published: October 2016

Review: 265 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: De Novo Synthesis of 3‐Pyrrolin‐2‐ones
Authors: Pelkey Erin T. , Pelkey Sarah J. , Greger Jessica G.
Published: October 2016

Review: 969 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Spin State Switching of Metal Complexes by Visible Light or Hard X‐Rays
Authors: Unruh Daniel , Homenya Patrick , Kumar Manish , Sindelar Ralf , Garcia Yann , Renz Franz
Published: October 2016

Review: 168 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Found Hope for Antibiotic Discovery: Lipid II Inhibitors
Authors: Ng Vivian , Chan Weng C.
Published: October 2016

Review: 132 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Temperature‐Mediated Regulation of Enzymatic Activity
Authors: Cao Yuanyuan , Wang Yapei
Published: October 2016

Review: [39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biocatalysis and Biomass Conversion in Alternative Reaction Media
Authors: Sheldon Roger A.
Published: October 2016

Review: [163 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanometals for Solar‐to‐Chemical Energy Conversion: From Semiconductor‐Based Photocatalysis to Plasmon‐Mediated Photocatalysis and Photo‐Thermocatalysis.
Authors: Meng Xianguang , Liu Lequan , Ouyang Shuxin , Xu Hua , Wang Defa , Zhao Naiqin , Ye Jinhua
Published: October 2016

Review: 197 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium‐Oxygen Batteries: A Comparative Review from Chemical and Electrochemical Fundamentals to Future Perspective
Authors: Yadegari Hossein , Sun Qian , Sun Xueliang
Published: October 2016

Review: 138 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Overview and Future Perspectives of Aluminum Batteries
Authors: Elia Giuseppe Antonio , Marquardt Krystan , Hoeppner Katrin , Fantini Sebastien , Lin Rongying , Knipping Etienne , Peters Willi , Drillet Jean‐Francois , Passerini Stefano , Hahn Robert
Published: October 2016

Review: 184 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Emerging Targets in Photopharmacology
Authors: Lerch Michael M. , Hansen Mickel J. , van Dam Gooitzen M. , Szymanski Wiktor , Feringa Ben L.
Published: October 2016

Review: 184 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Photocatalysts and Continuous‐Flow Photocatalytic Reactors for Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater
Authors: Chang Sujie , Yang Xiaoqiu , Sang Yuanhua , Liu Hong
Published: October 2016

Review: 148 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of Water Stable Metal—Organic Frameworks
Authors: Wang Chenghong , Liu Xinlei , Keser Demir Nilay , Chen J. Paul , Li Kang
Published: October 2016

Review: 215 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Single‐Molecule Sensors: Challenges and Opportunities for Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Gooding J. Justin , Gaus Katharina
Published: October 2016

Review: [71 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Five Decades of Homonuclear Dipolar Decoupling in Solid‐State NMR: Status and Outlook
Authors: Mote Kaustubh R. , Agarwal Vipin , Madhu P. K.
Published: October 2016

Review: 213 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR Spectroscopy with Compact Instruments
Authors: Singh Kawarpal , Bluemich Bernhard
Published: October 2016

Review: 130 refs.
ULTRASONIC ELASTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SIX KINDS OF METAMORPHIC COALS IN CHINA UNDER ROOM TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE CONDITIONS
Authors: Yun WANG , Xiao‐Kai XU , Yu‐Gui ZHANG
Published: October 2016

Coal elasticity is one of the important mechanical characteristics reflecting the material composition and structure of coal. Under the constraint of drilling and well logging, applying seismic exploration to predict elastic characteristics of the coal seams would be of important engineering significance for coal mining and CBM reservoir evaluation and development. In this regard, ultrasonic experiment of coal samples is the basis to realize the seismic inversion of physical properties of coal seam. In this paper, based on 30 pieces of six kinds of metamorphic raw coals collected from six mining areas of Yima, Fukang, Huainan, Pingdingshan, Hebi and Jiaozuo in China, laboratory ultrasonic measurements of these coal samples were respectively conducted in three directions of strike, dip and perpendicular to the beddings of coal seam under room temperature and pressure. The experimental results show: the samples’ velocities of both pressure wave (P‐wave) and shear wave (S‐wave) decrease in turn in the three directions; there are obvious anisotropies of velocities, and the average anisotropy of P‐wave velocity is stronger than S‐wave's. Moreover, larger differences exist among both quality factors and modules of elasticity in the three directions, and the S‐wave quality factors are greater than P‐wave's; with exception of Poisson's ratio, modules of elasticity of coal are less than those common sedimentary rocks. Through the experiment and analysis, it can be demonstrated that Gardener and Castagna formulas are not suitable to represent relations of coal elastic parameters in China's coal fields, and two empirical formulas with higher precision are statistically given.
A BFA‐CM OPTIMIZATION LOG INTERPRETATION METHOD
Authors: Bao‐Zhi PAN , Ya‐Nan DUAN , Hai‐Tao ZHANG , Xiao‐Ming YANG , Xue HAN
Published: October 2016

It is difficult to calculate reservoir parameters of tight sand reservoirs using conventional interpretation methods, due to their complex lithology and variable pore structure. An optimization log interpretation method is able to take full advantage of the log data and geological information. Therefore, it is an effective method to evaluate tight sand reservoirs. In this study, in order to calculate the reservoir parameters of tight sand reservoirs, an appropriate interpretation model needed to be first established according to the reservoirs’ characteristics. Then, the interpretation parameters were chosen, and the specific form of the objective function was determined. Next, an optimization algorithm was adopted to search for the optimal solution. A bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) is a newly developed algorithm which has strong global search capabilities. It simulates the behavior of the colon bacillus which swims with flagella for food in the human gut. However, since it slowly converges in the later part of the optimization, it was combined in this study with a complex algorithm (CM) for constituting a BFA‐CM hybrid algorithm, in order to improve the precision and efficiency of the search process. Also in this study, the unknown reservoir parameters of the optimization log interpretation method were determined using a genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), BFA algorithm, and BFA‐CM hybrid algorithm, respectively. The calculation results showed that, when compared with the GA and PSO, the errors of the porosity and the component content calculated by the BFA were minimal. However, the calculation result curves were found to be inconsistent. Therefore, by combining a BFA algorithm with a CM algorithm to constitute a BFA‐CM hybrid algorithm for calculating reservoir parameters, the accuracy was improved, and the curves became more stable. The results of the BFA‐CM optimization log interpretation method verified that the objective function value was F ≈ 0. Also, the sonic, neutron, and density log theoretical value curves (AC0, CNL0, DEN0) fell within the confidence interval, which indicated that a system deviation influence did not exist, and that the optimization results were reasonable and credible. When compared with the other algorithms, the BFA‐CM hybrid algorithm displayed unique advantages during the process of calculating the unknown parameters with the optimization log interpretation method. Its calculation results were of high accuracy and stability, and the efficiency was also improved. The experimental results showed that the BFA‐CM optimization logging interpretation method was able to accurately calculate the tight sandstone reservoir parameters, and could therefore be applied to actual production practices.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SECONDARY PG PHASES FROM OBS WIDE‐ANGLE SEISMIC SURVEY AND THEIR ROLE IN CRUSTAL IMAGING
Authors: Kui‐Yuan WAN , Jing‐He CAO , Shao‐Hong XIA , Jin‐Long SUN , Hai‐Bo HUANG , Hui‐Long XU
Published: October 2016

The application of multiple waves is an important content of marine exploration, and eliminating or utilizing the multiple waves is one of the significant topics in the processing of seismic data. However, little work is concerned with the multiple waves of Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) wide‐angle seismic survey and taking advantage of them to improve the ability of seismic imaging. This study attempts to understand the characteristics of the secondary Pg phases and analyze the applications of seismic imaging in OBS wide angle seismic survey.

We firstly identify and know the secondary Pg phases from synthetic seismogram sections and record waveforms then calculate and analyze particle motions of primary Pg and secondary Pg phases through the azimuth angle rotation. After understanding the secondary Pg phases, we get the propagation path by the theoretical model simulation and calculation of measured data with the P wave travel forward modeling method based on the RAYINVR. In addition, improving the seismic imaging is expected, so we used the theoretical model and the actual model of OBS2010 to show the work of the crustal structure imaging.

The secondary Pg phases roughly parallel and follow closely the primary Pg phase, and are characterized by continuous, clear phase and strong amplitude. An obvious vibration is observed behind the vibration of the primary Pg with stronger amplitude, which is supposed to be the secondary Pg phase. On the basis of particle motions, the secondary Pg phases belong to the P‐wave seismic phase. The travel‐time fitting of the possible propagation path based on the test data gave three different results: (a) the χ2 value is 14.921 when the reflecting layer is water layer and sediment; (b) the χ2 value is 193.264 when the reflecting layer is the single water layer; and (c) the χ2 value is 1.786 when the reflecting layer is the single sediment. After theoretical investigation and data tests, we have the following conclusions: (1) the secondary Pg phases are characterized by P‐wave; (2) the secondary Pg phases are mainly from the reflection between the sediments, which (3) greatly increase the constraint on the basement, and (4) improve the imaging resolution of the sediments and the upper crust.
Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and renal impairment, extremes in weight, or advanced age
Authors: Buckley Leo F. , Rybak Eva , Aldemerdash Ahmed , Cheng Judy W.M. , Fanikos John
Published: October 2016

A growing number of patients with an indication for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation have kidney‐, age‐, or weight‐related alterations in pharmacokinetics that affect dosing of direct oral anticoagulants. Because these patients were excluded from or comprised a small number of patients in clinical trials, there is a lack of evidence to guide clinicians. As a consequence, many patients do not receive oral anticoagulation despite a high risk for atrial fibrillation–related stroke. Here, we present a review of direct oral anticoagulant pharmacokinetics and a review of the available clinical evidence in patients with weight‐, kidney‐, and age‐related disease.
Left ventricular stiffness estimated by diastolic wall strain is associated with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in structurally normal hearts
Authors: Uetake Shunsuke , Maruyama Mitsunori , Yamamoto Teppei , Kato Katsuhito , Miyauchi Yasushi , Seino Yoshihiko , Shimizu Wataru
Published: October 2016

Background

Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction depends on an impaired relaxation and stiffness. Abnormal LV relaxation contributes to the development of atrial fibrillation (AF), but the role of LV stiffness in AF remains unclear.

Hypothesis

Diastolic wall strain (DWS), a load‐independent, noninvasive direct measure of LV stiffness, correlates with prevalent AF.

Methods

This study included 328 consecutive subjects with structurally normal hearts: 164 paroxysmal AF patients and 164 age‐ and sex‐matched (1:1) controls. We calculated the DWS from the M‐mode echocardiographic measurements of the LV posterior wall thickness at end‐systole and end‐diastole during sinus rhythm.

Results

The DWS was lower in the AF patients (0.35 ± 0.07) than in the controls (0.41 ± 0.06; P < 0.001). After adjusting for the risk factors of AF using a conditional logistic regression analysis, a history of hypertension, plasma brain‐type natriuretic peptide level, and DWS were independently associated with AF prevalence, whereas body mass index, LV mass index, left atrial volume, and any conventional indices of the diastolic function were not. A low DWS (<0.380) was the strongest indicator of AF (odds ratio: 6.22, 95% confidence interval: 3.08‐14.2, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Increased LV stiffness estimated by DWS was a strong determinant of the prevalence of AF. LV stiffness may play a role in the pathogenesis of paroxysmal AF in structurally normal hearts.
α‐Amylase Modulation: Discovery of Inhibitors Using a Multi‐Pharmacophore Approach for Virtual Screening
Authors: Al‐Asri Jamil , Gyémánt Gyöngyi , Fazekas Erika , Lehoczki Gábor , Melzig Matthias F. , Wolber Gerhard , Mortier Jérémie
Published: October 2016

Better control of postprandial hyperglycemia can be achieved by delaying the absorption of glucose resulting from carbohydrate digestion. Because α‐amylase initiates the hydrolysis of polysaccharides, the design of α‐amylase inhibitors can lead to the development of new treatments for metabolic disorders such as type II diabetes and obesity. In this study, a rational computer‐aided approach was developed to identify novel α‐amylase inhibitors. Three‐dimensional pharmacophores were developed based on the binding mode analysis of six different families of compounds that bind to this enzyme. In a stepwise virtual screening workflow, seven molecules were selected from a library of 1.4 million. Five out of seven biologically tested compounds showed α‐amylase inhibition, and the two most potent compounds inhibited α‐amylase with IC50 values of 17 and 27 μm. The scaffold benzylideneacetohydrazide was shared by four of the discovered inhibitors, emerging as a novel drug‐like non‐carbohydrate fragment and constituting a promising lead scaffold for α‐amylase inhibition.
Mutation location on the RAS oncogene affects pathologic features and survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Frankel Timothy L. , Vakiani Efsevia , Nathan Hari , DeMatteo Ronald P. , Kingham T. Peter , Allen Peter J. , Jarnagin William R. , Kemeny Nancy E. , Solit David B. , D'Angelica Michael I.
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND

In the past 3 decades, a better understanding of gene mutations and their role in carcinogenesis has led to improvement in our ability to treat patients with metastatic disease. The objective of the current study was to determine whether the location of a driver mutation within an affected gene impacts the biology of metastatic colorectal cancer.

METHODS

DNA was collected from 165 randomly selected specimens of patients who underwent margin‐negative resection of colorectal liver metastases with curative intent. Sequenom analysis and Sanger sequencing were used to evaluate mutations in K/NRAS, PIK3CA, BRAF, and TP53.

RESULTS

BRAF mutation was associated with early recurrence and death, whereas no impact of TP53 or PIK3CA mutation was identified. Although K/NRAS mutation was associated with worse survival in this cohort, this difference was no longer evident when those who had received anti‐EGFR therapy were excluded. When stratifying patients according to the exon on which K/NRAS was mutated, there were dramatic differences in both survival and pathologic features. Exon 4 mutations were associated with large, solitary metastases occurring at long disease‐free intervals compared with exon 3 mutations, which presented with small, numerous lesions. Patients who had exon 4 mutations recurred infrequently and had significantly longer survival compared with those who had wild type or other mutations.

CONCLUSIONS

By using this model of curative‐intent, margin‐negative resection in patients at high risk of recurrence, the authors were able to establish a link between mutation location within the K/NRAS gene and the biology of metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer 2017;123:568–575. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Knowledge of the HPV status biases cytotechnologists' interpretation of Pap tests originally diagnosed as negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy
Authors: Doxtader Erika E. , Brainard Jennifer A. , Underwood Dawn , Chute Deborah J.
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND

Because of cervical cancer screening recommendations and forthcoming first‐line human papillomavirus (HPV) screening, many Papanicolaou (Pap) tests will be performed in patients with known concurrent HPV results. This study was designed to evaluate whether knowledge of the HPV status affects cytotechnologists' interpretation of Pap tests.

METHODS

A retrospective search of cervical screening Pap tests with known concurrent HPV results provided 250 ThinPrep Pap tests, which were chosen to reflect an atypical rate similar to the rate of the Cleveland Clinic's normal practice. Fifty percent of negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) cases were from patients with positive HPV results. Slides were re‐evaluated twice by 8 cytotechnologists blinded to the diagnosis and study purpose. The HPV status was provided for 50% of the cases in the first phase; after a washout period, knowledge of the HPV status for each case was reversed in the second phase. Follow‐up information was collected from the medical record.

RESULTS

In both phases, there was a significant bias for HPV‐positive NILM cases to be upgraded to ASCUS or worse when the HPV‐positive status was provided (P < .001). When the HPV status was withheld, there was no difference in upgrading NILM cases (phase 1, P = .69; phase 2, P = .066). A combined analysis showed a significant bias in referral to the pathologist when the HPV‐positive status was provided rather than withheld (P < .001). Follow‐up data revealed no significant effect of bias when the HPV‐positive status was provided between patient groups with benign, low‐grade, or high‐grade follow‐up.

CONCLUSIONS

A known HPV‐positive status biases cytotechnologists' interpretation of Pap tests, and this results in a higher rate of upgrading to ASCUS or worse; however, it does not improve sensitivity for disease detection. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:60‐69. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Automated Measurement of Blood Vessels in Tissues from Microscopy Images
Authors: Kelly Neil J. , Dandachi Nadine , Goncharov Dmitry A. , Pena Andressa Z. , Radder Josiah E. , Gregory Alyssa D. , Lai Yen‐Chun , Leme Adriana S. , Gladwin Mark T. , Goncharova Elena A. , St. Croix Claudette M. , Shapiro Steven D.
Published: October 2016

The quantification of tunica media thickness in histological cross sections is a ubiquitous exercise in cardiopulmonary research, yet the methods for quantifying medial wall thickness have never been rigorously examined with modern image analysis tools. As a result, inaccurate and cumbersome manual measurements of discrete wall regions along the vessel periphery have become common practice for wall thickness quantification. The aim of this study is to introduce, validate, and facilitate the use of an improved method for medial wall thickness quantification. We describe a novel method of wall thickness calculation based on image skeletonization and compare its results to those of common techniques. Using both theoretical and empirical approaches, we demonstrate the accuracy and superiority of the skeleton‐based method for measuring wall thickness while discussing its interpretation and limitations. Finally, we present a new freely available software tool, the VMI Calculator, to facilitate wall thickness measurements using our novel method. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.