bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRIM8 inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus replication by targeting and ubiquitinately degrading the nucleocapsid protein
Authors: Bi Zhenbin , Wang Wei , Gu Shanshen , Zhou Yajing , Wu Zhengchang , Bao Wenbin , Wang Haifei
Published: January 2025

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) is an enteric pathogen that causes acute diarrhoea, dehydration and high mortality rates in suckling pigs. Tripartite motif 8 (TRIM8) has been shown to play multiple roles in the host’s defence against viral infections. However, the functions of TRIM8 in regulating PEDV infection are still not well understood. In our study, we found a significant upregulation of TRIM8 following PEDV infection. We created TRIM8 knockout and overexpression cell lines and discovered that TRIM8 can inhibit PEDV replication within host cells. Co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that TRIM8 directly interacts with the nucleocapsid protein (N) of PEDV, specifically within the coiled-coil structural domain of TRIM8. Furthermore, TRIM8 was shown to reduce the expression of the PEDV N protein in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, TRIM8 inhibits the expression of PEDV N through K48-linked ubiquitin proteasome degradation. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that TRIM8 facilitates the expression of genes associated with several pathways, including the IL-17 signalling pathway, chemokine signalling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. This suggests that TRIM8 plays a crucial role in boosting antiviral immune responses against PEDV infection. Our findings provide new insights into the functions and mechanisms of TRIM8 in regulating PEDV infection and highlight its potential as a molecular target for the prevention and control of this virus.
Investigating the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of Nypa fruticans: a multifaceted approach to skin protection and aging
Authors: Kim Seul Ki , Kim Sang-Back , Lee Seul Bi , Kim Kang sub , Son So-Ri , Choi En Jin , Park Byung Chul , Hong Eunyoung , Kim You Ah , Moon Byoung Seok , Lee Sullim
Published: January 2025

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in the mitochondria of skin cells play a significant role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix and induction of inflammatory responses, both of which are major contributors to skin aging. Antioxidants that reduce ROS production and inhibit inflammatory skin lesions are considered beneficial for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases and prevention of skin aging. In this study, we evaluated the potential of Nypa fruticans (NF), which is known for its antioxidant properties, to mitigate tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)- and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-induced damage in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. The major active constituents identified in NF include protocatechuic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, procyanidin B, catechin, and epicatechin. NF significantly suppressed the production of ROS, nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), while also reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), which were elevated by TNF-α/IFN-γ stimulation. Furthermore, NF restored the expression of key skin barrier-related proteins such as serine peptidase inhibitor kazal type 5 (SPINK5), collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COLIA1), loricrin (LOR), aquaporin-3 (AQP3), and filaggrin (FLG). Additionally, NF significantly upregulated the expression of hyaluronan synthase (HAS) -1 and − 2 and human β-defensin (HBD) -2 and − 3, which are important for skin hydration and innate immune defense. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic applications of Nypa fruticans (NF) in mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, skin barrier dysfunction, dehydration, and microbial imbalances. By targeting multiple pathways implicated in skin aging, NF represents a promising comprehensive approach for preserving skin health and addressing age-related dermatological conditions. Moreover, NF holds significant potential not only to alleviate the manifestations of skin aging but also to provide a basis for the development of innovative dermatological therapies. Future investigations should aim to further elucidate the clinical applications of NF in dermatology to maximize its therapeutic benefits.
How do red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) explore their environment? Characteristics of movement patterns in time and space
Authors: Oehler Felicitas , Hagen Robert , Hackländer Klaus , Walton Zea , Ashish Kumar , Arnold Janosch
Published: January 2025

Background

Many animals must adapt their movements to different conditions encountered during different life phases, such as when exploring extraterritorial areas for dispersal, foraging or breeding. To better understand how animals move in different movement phases, we asked whether movement patterns differ between one way directed movements, such as during the transient phase of dispersal or two way exploratory-like movements such as during extraterritorial excursions or stationary movements.

Methods

We GPS collared red foxes in a rural area in southern Germany between 2020 and 2023. Using a random forest model, we analyzed different movement parameters, habitat features—for example landclasses and distances to linear structures—and time variables (season and time of day) within red fox exploratory, transient and stationary movement phases to characterize phase specific movement patterns and to investigate the influence of different variables on classifying the movement phases.

Results

According to the classification model, the movement patterns in the different phases were characterized most strongly by the variables persistence velocity, season, step length and distance to linear structures. In extraterritorial areas, red foxes either moved straight with high persistence velocity, close to anthropogenic linear structures during transient movements, or more tortuously containing a higher variance in turning angles and a decrease in persistence velocity during exploratory-like movements. Transient movements mainly took place during autumn, whereas exploratory-like movements were mainly conducted during winter and spring.

Conclusion

Movement patterns of red foxes differ between transient, exploratory and stationary phases, reflecting displacement, searching and resident movement strategies. Our results signify the importance of the combined effect of using movement, habitat and time variables together in analyzing movement phases. High movement variability may allow red foxes to navigate in extraterritorial areas efficiently and to adapt to different environmental and behavioral conditions.
Fluid flow in crustal fault zones with varying lengthwise thickness: application to the Margeride fault zone (French Massif Central)
Authors: Penhoët Emmy , Arbaret Laurent , Guillou-Frottier Laurent , Duwiquet Hugo , Gumiaux Charles , Bellanger Mathieu
Published: January 2025

Crustal fault zones, holding promise as potential geothermal reservoirs, remain largely untapped and unexplored. Located in the southern Massif Central, France, the Margeride fault zone (MFZ) varies in thickness (lateral extension perpendicular to the fault plane) from 100 m to over 2500 m. Reactivated several times under different stress regimes since the Variscan orogeny, this zone is characterized by an intense alteration and fracturing. As a result, the multiple reactivation of the fault zone has maintained permeability, leading to favourable conditions for fluid circulation. Structural measurements and geological cross sections were used to precisely constrain thickness and geometry of the fault zone. North of the MFZ, the Coren thermal spring indicates reservoir temperatures of about 200–250 °C, hinting at the possible existence of a temperature anomaly. To investigate this geothermal potential, 3D numerical models simulating fluid circulation within a fault zone were conducted. Various configurations were explored, altering fault zone thickness and permeability for two key geometries. The first geometry, which manipulated the width of the fault zone along its length, demonstrated a direct correlation between fault zone thickness and amplitude of thermal anomaly. Thinner faults (< 500 m) exhibited multiple weak positive thermal anomalies, while thicker faults (> 500 m) tended to develop a single, substantial positive thermal anomaly. In the second examined geometry, where fault zone thickness increased longitudinally, a consistent positive temperature anomaly emerged at the thickest section of the fault zone. Depending on the permeability value, an additional anomaly may develop but will migrate laterally towards the thinnest part of the fault zone. This multi-disciplinary approach, combining numerical modelling and field measurements, presents a predictive methodology applicable to geothermal exploration in analogous basement domains. In our case, it has shown that the northern end of the Margeride fault zone could represent an area that needs to be explored further to assert its high geothermal potential. Our numerical models will increase understanding of how fault width and geometry impact the geothermal potential of the Margeride fault zone and similar areas in crystalline basement.
An overview of evaluating the efficacy of microbial pathogens for biological control of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) insights from laboratory and field studies
Authors: Sutanto Koko Dwi , Febrayanto Catur Raharjo , Wiratno Wiratno , Utami Dwinita Wikan , Susiyanti Fitri , Yulianto Mohammad Agus , Meilin Araz , Trisawa Iwa Mara
Published: January 2025

Background

This overview explores the use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), fungi (EPFs), bacteria (EPBs), and viruses (EPVs) as biological control strategies against the red palm weevil (RPW) (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus), a significant pest of date palms in Saudi Arabia. Laboratory and field studies have evaluated the efficacy of these pathogens, which employ different infection mechanisms to manage RPW populations. The review aims to provide insights into the pathogenicity and application methods of these microbial agents, supporting the development of sustainable integrated pest management strategies for date palm cultivation.

Results

The results indicate that entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), fungi (EPFs), bacteria (EPBs), and viruses (EPVs) are effective microbial agents for controlling the red palm weevil (RPW), a significant pest of date palms in Saudi Arabia. Laboratory and field studies have demonstrated their efficacy, utilizing different infection mechanisms to manage RPW populations at various life stages. However, limitations exist, including a lack of comprehensive research on certain microbial pathogens and the need for further studies to optimize application methods and environmental adaptability. These gaps highlight the importance of this review in synthesizing findings and providing a solid foundation for future research on sustainable integrated pest management strategies for RPW control.

Conclusion

This overview underscores the potential of entomopathogenic microorganisms as effective biocontrol agents against the red palm weevil, emphasizing their role in sustainable pest management strategies. Continued research is essential to address existing gaps and optimize the application of these microbial agents in date palm cultivation.
TALome and phenotypic analysis of Pakistani Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae population revealed novel virulent TALEs contributing to bacterial blight of rice
Authors: Shah Syed Mashab Ali , Ahsan Rafia , Liu Linlin , Li Ying , Wang Qi , Wang Yong , Yan Jiali , Khojasteh Moein , Xu Xiameng , Xu Zhengyin , Rasheed Awais , Zakria Muhammad , Chen Gongyou
Published: January 2025

Bacterial blight (BB) of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is an important disease in rice-growing countries, including Pakistan, where it was first reported in the mid-1970s. Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) play vital roles in many plant diseases caused by Xanthomonas spp.; however, Pakistani Xoo TALome diversity and their contribution to pathogenicity is largely unknown. In this study, 101 Xoo strains were screened using specific PCR primers. The genomic DNA from these strains underwent BamHI digestion and hybridized with the internal SphI fragment of PthXo1. Southern blot analysis revealed 16 to 20 putative tale fragments among the tested strains. These strains were further classified into 11 genotypes based on the number and size of the hybridizing bands. Genotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 represented 24, 2, 51, and 17 strains, respectively. Pathogenicity assays on near-isogenic lines (NILs) containing different resistance (R) genes exhibited that CBB23 was incompatible with all tested Pakistani-Xoo genotypes, whereas IRBB5 and IRBB4 showed resistance against specific genotypes. In contrast, paddy trails on NILs containing single, double, and triple mutants of OsSWEET11a, OsSWEET13, and OsSWEET14 in the effector binding elements (EBEs) of cv. Kitaake revealed that KP-22 and LD-5 harbor novel virulent TAL effector/s. Interestingly, the expression analysis of six clade-III OsSWEET genes suggests that novel TALE/s targeting unidentified susceptibility gene/s. Altogether, this study highlights gene-for-gene relationships between tested rice lines and Pakistani-Xoo strains. This is the first report providing the diversity of TALEs and their relationship to R and S (susceptibility) genes. Further identification of novel virulent TALE/s and their cognate target/s is warranted to precisely elucidate their role in BB.
Use of implementation logic models in the Quadruple Aim QUERI: conceptualization and evolution
Authors: Glasgow Russell E. , McCreight Marina S. , Morgan Brianne , Sjoberg Heidi , Hale Anne , Motta Lexus Ujano-De , McKown Lauren , Kenney Rachael , Gilmartin Heather , Jones Christine D. , Frank Joseph , Rabin Borsika A. , Battaglia Catherine
Published: January 2025

Background

Implementation strategies are essential to deliver evidence-based programs that align with local context, resources, priorities, and preferences. However, it is not always clear how specific strategies are selected (vs. others) and strategies are not always operationalized clearly, distinctly, and dynamically. Implementation logic models provide one useful way to conceptualize the role and selection of implementation strategies, plan evaluation of their intended impacts on implementation and effectiveness outcomes, and to communicate key aspects of a project.

Methods

This paper describes our initial plans, experiences, and lessons learned from applying implementation logic models in the Quadruple Aim Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) a large multi-study program funded by the Veterans Health Administration (VA). We began with two primary implementation strategies based on our earlier work (i.e., Iterative RE-AIM and Relational Facilitation) that were applied across three different health outcomes studies.

Results

Our implementation strategies evolved over time, and new strategies were added. This evolution and reasons for changes are summarized and illustrated with the resulting logic models, both for the overall Quadruple Aim QUERI and the three specific projects. We found that implementation strategies are often not discrete, and their delivery and adaptation is dynamic and should be guided by emerging data and evolving context. Review of logic models across projects was an efficient and useful approach for understanding similarities and differences across projects.

Conclusions

Implementation logic models are helpful for clarifying key objectives and issues for both study teams and implementation partners. There are challenges in logic model construction and presentation when multiple strategies are employed, and when strategies change over time. We recommend presentation of both original and periodically updated project models and provide recommendations for future use of implementation logic models.
High triglyceride-glucose index in patients with diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased likelihood of nephropathy development: evidence from a meta-analysis among Asian population
Authors: Tiongco Raphael Enrique , Cayanan Neil David , Dominguez Michael John , Geonzon Kyll , Mercado Julie Ann , Pineda-Cortel Maria Ruth
Published: January 2025

Introduction

In recent years, the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, which is associated with insulin resistance and kidney dysfunction, has emerged as a promising and accessible biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, we examined the association of TyG in DN by meta-analyzing relevant literature.

Methods

Literature search and serial omissions of articles yielded eight studies for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Relevant data were extracted from the included studies and were subjected to analysis using Review Manager 5.4. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed from the included studies. Subgroup analysis was also performed to control for the participant's ethnicity.

Results

Out of the 1,229 resulting studies, only eight were included based on the set inclusion criteria. The overall pooled outcomes resulted in significant and homogeneous findings favoring the development of DN among patients with diabetes due to high levels of TyG. The findings of the present study are supported by the homogeneous outcomes, stability of findings, and high significance level.

Conclusion

Overall, our results show that high levels of TyG are associated with DN development, especially among the Asian population with diabetes. However, further longitudinal and multi-ethnic studies are needed to verify these claims.
Assessment of Rare Cancers and Sarcoma Policy and Sarcoma Drug Approvals in Latin America: A Report From the LACOG Sarcoma Group
Authors: Dias e Silva Douglas , Lopes David Bruna Bianca , Pires de Camargo Veridiana , Zon Filipi Renee , González Donna María Lucila , Haro Varas Juan Carlos , Ramella Munhoz Rodrigo , Zapata Maycos L. , Cunha Martins Cicero Luiz , Chacon Matias , Schmerling Rafael , Jesus Garcia Reynaldo , Carmagnani Pestana Roberto
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

The availability of drugs and national public policies for patients with rare cancers, including sarcomas, varies in different parts of the world.

METHODS

In this manuscript, we have conducted a comprehensive analysis to evaluate rare cancer policies in Latin American countries' national policy documents. Additionally, we have reviewed the approvals for sarcoma drugs in selected Latin American countries and compared them with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) approvals.

RESULTS

The documents reviewed showed a lack of explicit focus on rare cancers, with no mention in 70% of the countries analyzed. Drug approval data reveal that in the last 15 years, the FDA and EMA have approved 19 and 13 drugs for sarcoma, whereas their Latin American counterparts, namely ANVISA, ANMAT, and COFEPRIS, approved six, eight, and seven drugs, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Our data suggest that improving rare cancer and sarcoma care in Latin America requires enhanced collaboration for better rare cancer policies.
Sensorimotor Physiological Mapping During Asleep Deep Brain Stimulation Lead Placement With Multichannel Intraoperative Neuromonitoring
Authors: Yamaguchi Craig , Anwar Hamsat , Lesko Alyx , Kaber Stacy M. , Oliveria Seth F.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Lead placement during asleep deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery has relied primarily on intraoperative imaging, forgoing traditional awake neurophysiological testing. We aimed to describe our experience of asleep macrostimulation mapping of implanted DBS leads using intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) techniques, which were used to guide electrode placement—in addition to intraoperative computed tomography imaging and in place of awake neurophysiological testing.

METHODS:

This was a single institution retrospective study of asleep DBS surgery with IONM mapping for Parkinson's disease, ET, and dystonia targeting the ventral intermediate nucleus, subthalamic nucleus, and globus pallidus interna.

RESULTS:

A series of 88 consecutive patients from a single surgeon were included. 67 patients received DBS for Parkinson's disease, 14 for essential tremor, and 7 for dystonia. The DBS target was globus pallidus interna for 60 patients, subthalamic nucleus for 14, and ventral intermediate nucleus for 14, with 95.5% undergoing bilateral lead placement. The mean single stage surgery time was 170 minutes. No patients required surgical lead revision, and no unanticipated sensorimotor side effects were noted during DBS programming. Compared with patients undergoing awake DBS surgery, there was no significant difference in patient-reported outcomes.

CONCLUSION:

Asleep IONM mapping offers valuable physiological data to guide electrode asleep DBS placement and complement intraoperative imaging techniques.
Predicting mental health indices with artificial intelligence and machine learning
Authors: Στεφανόπουλος Λέανδρος
Published: January 2025

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή ερευνά την ενσωμάτωση χαρακτηριστικών συμπεριφοράς που προέρχονται από την Relative Preference Theory (RPT) και επεξηγήσιμης μηχανικής μάθησης, για την προαγωγή της πρόληψης και παρακολούθησης ψυχιατρικών νόσων. Αξιοποιεί μια καινοτόμο εφαρμογή της RPT, όπου ερμηνεύσιμοι δείκτες εξάγονται μέσω αξιολόγησης εικόνων που μοντελοποιούν την ανθρώπινη κρίση και τις προτιμήσεις. Τέσσερα σύνολα δεδομένων, που συλλέχθηκαν πριν και κατά τη διάρκεια της πανδημίας COVID-19, παρέχουν τη βάση για αυτήν την έρευνα, επιτρέποντας την ανάλυση της επίδρασης της πανδημίας στην ψυχική υγεία και την αποτελεσματικότητα των χαρακτηριστικών της RPT στην πρόβλεψη καταστάσεων όπως το άγχος, η κατάθλιψη, οι αυτοκτονικές σκέψεις και τα συμπτώματα ψύχωσης. Έντεκα συνολικά μελέτες αποδεικνύουν τη δυνατότητα και τη χρησιμότητα των χαρακτηριστικών της RPT σε μοντέλα μηχανικής μάθησης, δίνοντας έμφαση στη σημασία της επεξηγησιμότητας στις εφαρμογές της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης. Χρησιμοποιώντας τεχνικές όπως η επιλογή χαρακτηριστικών και η εξερευνητική ανάλυση δεδομένων, η έρευνα επιτυγχάνει ισορροπία μεταξύ υπολογιστικής αποδοτικότητας και ερμηνευσιμότητας. Αυτό διασφαλίζει ότι τα αναπτυγμένα μοντέλα πρόβλεψης είναι τόσο αξιόπιστα όσο και κλινικά εφαρμόσιμα, αντιμετωπίζοντας τις διάφορες προκλήσεις που υπάρχου κατά την διενέργεια διάγνωσης προβλημάτων ψυχικής υγείας, ιδίως σε πληθυσμούς που στερούνται εύκολης πρόσβασης σε υπηρεσίες υγείας. Τα ευρήματα υπογραμμίζουν τη δυναμική της υπολογιστικής ψυχιατρικής. Η έρευνα αποκαλύπτει ότι η πανδημία COVID-19 επιδείνωσε σημαντικά τα προβλήματα ψυχικής υγείας, τονίζοντας τον κρίσιμο ρόλο της έγκαιρης διάγνωσης και παρέμβασης. Επικυρώνοντας τη χρησιμότητα των μετρικών της RPT σε διάφορα περιβάλλοντα, η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή θεμελιώνει ένα πλαίσιο για μελλοντικές μελέτες που θα πρέπει να στοχεύσουν στη συγχώνευση συμπεριφορικών, βιολογικών και περιβαλλοντικών δεδομένων για την ενίσχυση της ακρίβειας πρόβλεψης. Αυτό το έργο συμβάλλει στον εκδημοκρατισμό της φροντίδας ψυχικής υγείας, παρέχοντας ερμηνεύσιμα εργαλεία για τον εντοπισμό ψυχιατρικών διαταραχών. Δημιουργεί τις προϋποθέσεις για την εξατομικευμένη ψυχιατρική, όπου οι γνώσεις που προκύπτουν από την τεχνητή νοημοσύνη μπορούν να καθοδηγήσουν στοχεύουσες παρεμβάσεις, βελτιώνοντας τα αποτελέσματα και αντιμετωπίζοντας τις παγκόσμιες ανισότητες στις υπηρεσίες ψυχικής υγείας.
Η επίδραση της εμπόλεμης κατάστασης στα μνημεία του ελληνικού κράτους κατά τη διάρκεια της δεκαετίας του 1940
Authors: Κατέβας Φώτιος
Published: January 2025

Το θέμα που ερευνάται στη συγκεκριμένη διδακτορική διατριβή είναι η επίδραση του Πολέμου στα αρχαία μνημεία, κινητά και ακίνητα, κατά τη διάρκεια της δεκαετίας του 1940 στην Ελλάδα. Βασικός σκοπός της είναι η σύνθεση όλων των διαθέσιμων στοιχείων αλλά και αρκετών που προέκυψαν μέσα από την ίδια τη συγκεκριμένη έρευνα, προς την κατεύθυνση της διαμόρφωσης μιας πληρέστερης εικόνας ως προς τους τρόπους και τον βαθμό που επέδρασαν οι εμπόλεμες συνθήκες στις αρχαιότητες, είτε αυτές αποτελούσαν μνημεία στο ύπαιθρο, είτε αντικείμενα σε μουσεία, συλλογές ή αποθήκες. Αφού προηγηθούν ορισμένες βασικές εννοιολογήσεις και ορισμοί ως προς την προστασία των αρχαιοτήτων, γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά στην ιστορία και τη δομή της ελληνικής αρχαιολογικής υπηρεσίας αλλά και όλων των άλλων υπηρεσιών ή φορέων, ελληνικών ή αλλοδαπών, που ενεπλάκησαν στο ζήτημα της ανεύρεσης ή διαχείρισης αρχαιοτήτων. Μετά από μία περιγραφή της σύνδεσης της ελληνικής αρχαιολογίας με τη γερμανική αρχαιολογική κοινότητα, ακολουθεί εκτενής αναφορά στο ιστορικό της προστασίας των αρχαιοτήτων των μουσείων πριν και μετά το ξέσπασμα του πολέμου, καθώς και στην κατάσταση στην οποία βρέθηκαν αυτές κατά τη διάρκεια της κατοχικής περιόδου. Το ζήτημα των φθορών και της διαρπαγής αρχαίων καταλαμβάνει επίσης σημαντικό μέρος της έρευνας, συνδεδεμένο επίσης με αναφορές και σε άλλα προβλήματα που επέτειναν τις δυσχερείς εκείνες καταστάσεις. Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά στην επίδραση των Δεκεμβριανών του 1944 στους αρχαιολογικούς χώρους και στα μουσεία της Αθήνας. Η επίδραση των εμπόλεμων συνθηκών και των έντονων πολιτικών συγκρούσεων επηρέασε και τους ανθρώπους που υπήρξαν υπάλληλοι της αρχαιολογικής υπηρεσίας, καθ΄ όλη τη διάρκεια εκείνης της δεκαετίας. Το ζήτημα αυτό αποτελεί επίσης ένα σημαντικό μέρος της παρούσας διατριβής. Οι πρώτες ενέργειες για την ανεύρεση και επιστροφή κλεμμένων αρχαιοτήτων, καθώς και η διαδικασία για την ανασύσταση των αρχαιολογικών μουσείων, στα πρώρα μεταπολεμικά χρόνια, αποτελούν το τελευταίο μέρος της ιστορικής αυτής αναδρομής και διερεύνησης, η οποία καταλήγει με τη διατύπωση ορισμένων συμπερασμάτων που αφορούν στην προστασία των αρχαιοτήτων για εκείνη την περίοδο αλλά χρήσιμων και για τις μέρες μας.
About the Authors
Authors: About Authors
Published: January 2025

About the Authors
Versiones y reescritura en Cants d’Abelone, de Joan Vinyoli
Authors: Carbó Ferran
Published: January 2025

Versions and Rewriting in Cants d’Abelone by Joan Vinyoli is an analysis of Catalan author Joan Vinyoli’s book of poems Cants d’Abelone, published in 1983. Th e article starts with the two versions of the “Song” of Abelone writt en by Rainer M. Rilke, comparing its two translations into Catalan by Carles Riba and Joan Vinyoli. Secondly, it contrasts and comments on Vinyoli’s original versions of six of the Cants d’Abelone dating from the late fi ft ies, with the author’s defi nitive rewritt en versions as published in 1983. And thirdly, it proposes, with respect to previous studies, a new assessment of Cants d’Abelone in the trajectory and evolution of Vinyoli, since it places the genesis of more than a third of the texts among those published at the end of the fi ft ies, rather than in 1979 when he wrote the book. In this way Cants d’Abelone relates his previous books from the 1950s, and his contemporary works from the end of the 1970s and early 1980s; both two crucial moments in the evolution of the author. The article also characterises the theme of mystical research in Vinyoli’s poetry and at the same time the structure of the entire book of poems.
Relaciones hipertextuales en la primera etapa de Rodolf Sirera (1969–1977)
Authors: Rosselló Ramon X.
Published: January 2025

In the article titled Hypertextual Relations in the First Phase of Rodolf Sirera’s Career (1969–1977), our object of study will be the plays composed by Rodolf Sirera (born Valencia, 1948) during the first phase of his career, between 1969 and 1977. Sirera is one of the most notable dramatists writing in Catalan, beginning his career with an involvement in what was then called ‘independent theatre’ as a member of groups like the Centre Experimental de Teatre and El Rogle. We will begin by reviewing the prominent role played by transformative hypertextual relationships during this early period in the composition of his dramatic texts, which were mainly based on hypotexts of Valencian origin. Secondly, we will discuss the relationship of Sirera’s writing with epic theatre, one of the dramatic genres that had the most significant impact on dramaturgy in Spain in the second half of the 1960s and early part of the 1970s. Finally, analysis of these two types of hypertextual relationship will allow us to distinguish two distinct points in the development of this first period, since from 1974 onwards we can observe a gradual abandonment of hypertextual practices in favour of original fiction with a lesser presence of Brechtian devices.
ECOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF THE STATE AND PROBLEMS OF ITS REALIZATION IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Ryzhov Alexey A.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the environmental function of the state and the problems of its realisation in modern conditions. The study covers key aspects of the state environmental policy, including legal regulation, interaction with the private sector and civil society. Particular attention is paid to analysing the factors that hinder the effective implementation of the environmental function, such as lack of funding, imperfect law enforcement practices and contradictions between economic and environmental interests, which in turn negatively affects environmental security as a whole. The paper also offers recommendations for improving the implementation of the state’s environmental function, taking into account modern global challenges and trends in the transition to sustainable development. In the process of the research various opinions and approaches of many authors who have studied the topic of ecological function of the state have been analysed. The article also reflects different approaches to the definition of the essence of such legal category as ‘ecological function of the state’. It is proposed to use not only legal mechanisms for the implementation of environmental function, but also to use tax, sociological, economic tools that will make compliance with environmental legislation and minimisation of harmful impact on the environment a fashionable and economically beneficial activity. The variants and measures of realisation of ecological function are offered, introduction of which in practical activity will allow to improve quality of realisation of ecological function by the state that will positively reflect on ecological safety.
Results. The result of the work is a comprehensive study of such a legal category as ‘environmental function of the state’. The author, having studied the opinions of scientists on this problem, proposed to use a universal concept in doctrine. It is proposed to introduce in practice measures of economic nature, namely: tax breaks, subsidies, creation of a state fund for ecological restoration. The introduction of these measures will allow to contribute to a greater extent to ensuring environmental security.
Scope of application of the results. The results of the study can be applied in the doctrine of environmental law, as well as in legislative activity, when improving the legal framework regulating environmental legal relations.
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS TO A WORK MADE FOR WORK IN THE EDUCATIONAL SPHERE
Authors: Zolotova Valeria B.
Published: January 2025

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the establishment of fundamental facts that determine the possibility of creating an official work in the educational field, as well as to identify the main mechanisms for protecting the rights of subjects of emerging legal relations, which is due to a number of prerequisites characterizing the relevance of the stated topic. Among them, the gradual commercialization of education and the growing need to protect the results of intellectual work of authors are noted. The subject of the study is regulatory legal acts that establish and disclose the specifics of the grounds for the emergence of an employer’s exclusive rights to an official work, as well as practice-oriented materials in the context of the field under consideration.
Methodology. The research is based on general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, comparison, modeling) in combination with special legal methods (formal legal and comparative methods, method of interpretation of law, method of state and legal modeling).
Results. The results of the work consist in the established facts, the presence of which is recognized as mandatory when creating an official work in the educational field, as well as in the identified prospects for the development and implementation of specialized local acts in the activities of educational institutions.
Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in the educational sphere in the context of the development and implementation of local acts in the activities of educational institutions providing for a written notification of the creation of an official work by an employee.
The Role of Physical Activity in Managing Urological Health
Authors: Bigajski Hubert , Banaś Aleksandra , Michalik Maciej , Widera Piotr , Handschuh Marta , Bilczewska Olga , Helis Justyna , Janik Wiktoria , Jakubczyk Paulina , Buczek Aleksandra
Published: January 2025

Introduction and Purpose
This review explores physical activity's role in managing urological health, focusing on prostate cancer and overactive bladder (OAB). These conditions significantly affect quality of life globally. The review synthesizes research to identify gaps and propose future directions for clinical practice.
Materials and Methods
A literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases (2010-2023). The focus was on randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and systematic reviews. Key terms included "physical activity," "prostate cancer," "overactive bladder," and "urological health." Studies were selected based on relevance to exercise interventions in urological conditions.
Results
High-intensity exercise reduces prostate cancer risk by 10–30% and improves outcomes by enhancing cardiovascular fitness and quality of life. For OAB, low-impact aerobic exercises alleviate symptoms by improving neuromuscular control and reducing inflammation. Mechanisms include hormonal regulation, improved metabolic health, and reduced inflammation. Structured prehabilitation programs with pelvic floor muscle training optimize continence outcomes post-surgery.
Conclusions
Physical activity is a cost-effective intervention for managing urological health. Despite strong evidence supporting its benefits, gaps remain in understanding optimal exercise prescriptions and long-term effects across diverse populations. Future research should focus on tailoring interventions to patient needs, exploring innovative modalities like high-intensity interval training, and integrating exercise with other treatments to improve outcomes.
Vitiligo Review: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Witek Aleksandra , Parys Jakub , Mikosińska Agnieszka , Kaźmierczak Martyna , Mossakowski Maciej , Kałuziak Patrycja , Jajczak Marta , Litwin Mateusz , Jesionek Stanisław , Bieś RAfał
Published: January 2025

Introduction and purpose:This review is intended for healthcare professionals, including dermatologists, primary care physicians, and researchers, who seek a comprehensive understanding of vitiligo. It is also relevant for patients and their families to better understand the condition. The review is indicated for those dealing with cases of vitiligo that are difficult to diagnose or manage, those with widespread or refractory vitiligo, and individuals interested in the latest advancements in treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide a detailed analysis of vitiligo’s etiopathogenesis, the current diagnostic methods, and the most effective treatment options. By exploring the genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors involved in vitiligo, the review aims to enhance the understanding of the disease's origin and progression. Additionally, it seeks to offer evidence-based insights into the most up-to-date diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches, ultimately improving patient care and guiding future research directions.
State of knowledge:
Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the loss of melanocytes, leading to depigmented skin patches. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic and environmental factors, such as stress and skin trauma, are thought to contribute. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, with dermoscopy and biopsy used in uncertain cases. While treatments like topical corticosteroids, phototherapy, and JAK inhibitors are effective for some, no cure exists, and responses vary widely. Surgical options like melanocyte transplantation can help with localized cases. Ongoing research aims to better understand the disease mechanisms and improve treatment outcomes.
Kidney Function and Extreme Endurance Races: Risks, Mechanisms, and Preventing Strategies
Authors: Kulbacka Julia , Dziedzic Karol , Arczewski Filip , Wójcikiewicz Michalina , Chuncia-Ileczko Marta , Kacperczyk Julia , Czyż Witold , Zys Damian , Pasek Piotr , Ryniecka Julia
Published: January 2025

Background: The increasing popularity of ultra-endurance sports emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of their health implications, particularly the impact on kidney function. Given the kidneys’ crucial role in waste filtration, fluid and electrolyte balance, and their close connection to the physiological demands of intense physical activity, it requires detailed investigation from this perspective. 
Purpose: The objective of this study is to present the current state of knowledge on the topic of kidney function in the context of ultra-endurance sports. It examines the risk factors, underlying mechanisms, and potential strategies for preventing renal injuries associated with these specific types of physical activities. 
Findings: Ultra-endurance sports present significant risks to kidney health, including acute kidney injury (AKI) estimated to affect approximately 40% of participants, rhabdomyolysis and dehydration, which are often compounded by additional factors such as gastrointestinal distress and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). There is a need for improved diagnostic criteria to detect acute renal injury in this population, with novel biomarkers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and cystatin C showing promise. A multifaceted preventive approach including strategies such as mandatory pre-event screening, the use of personal monitoring devices, proper hydration and nutrition, adequate race preparation, and the avoidance of NSAIDs is crucial to mitigate these risks and maintain renal health in ultra-endurance athletes.
Variational Theory and Algorithms for a Class of Asymptotically Approachable Nonconvex Problems
Authors: Li Hanyang , Cui Ying
Published: January 2025

We investigate a class of composite nonconvex functions, where the outer function is the sum of univariate extended-real-valued convex functions and the inner function is the limit of difference-of-convex functions. A notable feature of this class is that the inner function may fail to be locally Lipschitz continuous. It covers a range of important, yet challenging, applications, including inverse optimal value optimization and problems under value-at-risk constraints. We propose an asymptotic decomposition of the composite function that guarantees epi-convergence to the original function, leading to necessary optimality conditions for the corresponding minimization problem. The proposed decomposition also enables us to design a numerical algorithm such that any accumulation point of the generated sequence, if it exists, satisfies the newly introduced optimality conditions. These results expand on the study of so-called amenable functions introduced by Poliquin and Rockafellar in 1992, which are compositions of convex functions with smooth maps, and the prox-linear methods for their minimization. To demonstrate that our algorithmic framework is practically implementable, we further present verifiable termination criteria and preliminary numerical results.

Funding: Financial support from the National Science Foundation Division of Computing and Communication Foundations [Grant CCF-2416172] and Division of Mathematical Sciences [Grant DMS-2416250] and the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health [Grant 1R01CA287413-01] is gratefully acknowledged.
Harnessing Magnetic Fields for Sustainable Agriculture: A Study on Crop Growth, Yield, and Stress Resistance
Authors: Mohammad Gul
Published: January 2025

Researchers have focused a great deal of emphasis on magnetic field treatment since it is an effective and clean technology with promising applications in agricultural and horticultural improvement. Relevant investigations indicate that the goal of major studies is to apply magnetic field (MF) intervention to enhance the financial attributes of both agriculture and horticulture. For instance, MF improves agricultural output and quality, germination of seeds, seedling development, and cultivation stress endurance. Recently, experts have concentrated on employing magnetized water irrigation to improve plant tolerance to stress from heavy metals. This strategy seeks to improve soil health by allowing plants to acquire heavy metals. The most widely used MF treatment techniques have been thoroughly explained in this review, along with the results of MF intervention on agricultural and horticultural crop varieties. Additionally, fresh opportunities for treating MF and its underlying molecular foundation have been revealed. Currently, there is a barrier to promoting the use of MF therapy in commercial settings due to the varying optimal dose needs for distinct species. Conducting an extensive amount of screening studies and more detailed investigation on the impact of MF upon crops is crucial for the successful deployment of MF therapies.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Impact of Different Carbon-Based Nanomaterials on Gram (Cicer arietinum) Plant Growth and Soil Properties
Authors: Awasthi Kalpana , Gupta Kritika , Srivastava Rajani
Published: January 2025

The ecology and general public health are badly impacted by the prolonged usage of chemical fertilizers. Applying carbon-based nanomaterials is one of the best options available for accelerating plant growth while reducing harm to the environment. The current study aims to assess the effects of graphene oxides (GO), functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNTs), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on plant growth and soil nutrient content. To observe the impact on gram plant growth and soil parameters, we synthesized and applied GO, FCNTs, and CNTs at a rate of 100µg/mL (120 g per kg soil) in the corresponding pots. After 90 days of seed sowing, GO-treated crops showed a 41% increase in crop height compared to the control (no nanomaterials), but this increase was 33% and 40% in CNTs - and FCNTs-treated crops, respectively. When compared to the control, the GO-treated plants shown a twofold increase in root length; in contrast, the FCNTs and CNTs-treated plants showed increases of 60% and 25%, respectively. The highest increases in plant biomass, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, microbial biomass, and enzymatic activity were observed in plants treated with GO. A 52% increase in SDA was seen in the GO-treated soil as compared to the control; in the FCNTs and CNTs-treated soils, this increase was 32% and 19%, respectively. An organic material with a carbon base is a carbon-based nanomaterial, which has the ability to control the soil microenvironment and activate soil enzyme activity. The results verified that incorporating carbon-based nanomaterials, particularly GO, into the soil might enhance the growth of gram plants and the sustainability of the soil.
Chemical Fertility of a Ferralitic Soil in a Cropping System Based on Cereals (Fonio and Sorghum) and Legumes (Soya and Mung Bean) on An Experimental Station in Burkina Faso
Authors: P. K Gomgnimbou Alain , Abdramane Sanon , Wilfried Sanou , Sékou Fofana
Published: January 2025

In Burkina Faso, the low nutrient content of the country's soils has a direct impact on crop yields. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of applying organic matter (compost, poultry manure.), and mineral fertilizer Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium (N:14% P:23% K:14%), urea (43% nitrogen) and Burkina Phosphate (BP) on soil fertility in a legume/cereal cropping system. The study was conducted at the INERA Farako-Bâ experimental station from 2018 to 2021. The experimental design was a 4x4 factorial, corresponding to four rotations and four manures, respectively, used as the first and second factors. A split-plot design with three replications was employed. The results obtained indicated that, in comparison to the initial soil, there was an increase of 33% in soil organic carbon and 36% in total nitrogen in the plots where soya and fonio were cultivated in rotation. In comparison to the plots with fonio-sorghum rotation, the plots with mung bean-sorghum and soya-fonio rotations demonstrated increase in assimilable phosphorus of 17% and 15%, respectively. Furthermore, the fertilizer combining compost and poultry manure resulted in a 300% increase in assimilable phosphorus and 28% increase in available potassium compared to the soil without fertilizer inputs and uncultivated for years. Additionally, the fertilizers of compost combined with poultry manure and compost combined with poultry manure and BP resulted in increases in assimilable phosphorus of 131.78% and 116%, respectively. The positive effects obtained on the chemical parameters (phosphorus, potassium and carbon) provide the potential for sustainable soil fertilization in cropping systems, while also valorizing local organic fertilizer.
Fungal Antagonism and Plant Growth Promoting Efficacy of Aspergillus oryzaeAVNF4 isolated from the Rhizome of Curcuma longa on Lycopersicum esculantum L. (tomato)
Authors: Sanneboyina Narmada , Audipudi Amrutha Valli
Published: January 2025

The present study aimed to develop liquid bioformulation of Aspergillus oryzae AVNF4, a Curcuma longa rhizome endophytic fungus with antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum causing tomato wilt and plant growth promotion of Lycopersicum esculantum. Fungal antagonism, Indole 3- acetic acid production, ammonia and inorganic phosphate solubilisation and GC-MS analysis of antifungal metabolites of A. oryzae AVNF4 were analysed. Liquid bio formulation of A. oryzae AVNF4 (LBF) with enhanced production of IAA, ammonia and inorganic phosphate solubilisation has developed by optimising the culture medium. Seed bacterisation of tomato seeds with LBF for 48h followed by foliar application from the second week onwards showed a significant increase in germination percentage (Gp) and germination index (GI) along with biomass, plant height, shoot length, root length, root/shoot ratio, number of leaves, and soluble protein and reduced sugars in LBF treated plants compared to untreated control. Presence of 1,3-Dioxolane, 2-(1-propenyl)-, L-Prolinamide, 5-oxo-L-prolyl-L-phenylalanyl-4-hydroxy-, Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-, dl-Mevalonic acid lactone, Hydro cinnamic acid, Oleic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(phenylmethyl)-, 1-Allylazetidine, 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-, 5-Pyrrolidino-2-pyrrolidone, Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methyl propyl)-, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, hexyl ester, Dehydromevalonic lactone, Acetaldehyde, (3,3-dimethyl cyclohexylidene)-, (Z)- in ethyl acetate extract of AVNF4 reported to be the pivotal compounds responsible for fungal antibiosis and to promote growth in tomato seedlings. The field performance of LBF of AVNF4 indicated that A. oryzae AVNF4 is a promising plant growth-promoting endophyte with fungal antagonism against Fusarium wilt.