bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Trends and Prospects of Community Participation in Marine Protected Areas: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Jiang Xun , Liu Fangming , Yu Jing , Zhang Kuncheng , Zhang Zhaohui , Wang Quanbin
Published: September 2024

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are effective tools for preserving marine organisms and ecosystems against the background of climate change and intense human activities. Community participation is a helpful management approach for MPAs and has received substantial attention from researchers worldwide. To identify the research status of the field of community participation in MPAs, we reviewed 391 papers from the Web of Science with bibliometric methods and VOSviewer. The results showed that the number of publications continued to grow from 1994 to 2022, with the USA producing the most publications followed by Australia. Environmental science was the major thematic area. Studies have concentrated on community-based marine resource management, the participation mode of communities, and participatory planning and monitoring. In addition, we summarized the experience and lessons of community participation to illustrate the role of community involvement in constructing and managing MPAs. Finally, the outlook for future research was presented based on the analysis above. We recommend promoting cross-disciplinary cooperation and combining quantitative and qualitative methods to support this research. Meanwhile, it is critical to further study the specific path of community participation and fully utilize local knowledge to supplement scientific data. The current study provided an overview of publication characteristics, research trends, and primary research methods in studies of community participation in MPAs. The results will help to find ways to mitigate conflicts between MPAs and communities. We hope that our study promotes their coordinated and sustainable development and contributes to marine biodiversity conservation and human well-being.
Ensuring a Sustainable STEM Sector in the U.S.: The Role of Culturally Responsive Mentoring in Undergraduate Education
Authors: Teodorescu Daniel , Ingram Conrad , Oliver Tiffany
Published: September 2024

Creating a sustainable pipeline for the STEM workforce in the U.S. necessitates a significant improvement in the graduation rates of students of color enrolled in STEM majors. This is particularly important given the major demographic shifts projected over the next four decades, where students of color will constitute the majority of the student population. One way to increase graduation rates is to improve the mentoring of these students by implementing Culturally Responsive Mentor Training. Rooted in the Entering Mentoring curriculum, this approach has been shown to enhance mentoring competencies and shape mentoring behaviors of researchers across various disciplines and career stages. However, existing research has predominantly focused on mentor training programs within individual institutions, leaving a significant knowledge gap regarding the potential benefits of inter-institutional mentor training initiatives that share a common objective of supporting underrepresented students in STEM fields. Between 2019 and 2022, a structured mentoring program engaged 45 mentors from the Georgia–Alabama Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (GA-AL LSAMP). Noteworthy outcomes emerged from this initiative, with participants reporting substantial improvements in their mentoring skills post-training. A majority of participants implemented changes in their mentoring practices following the training program. The self-reported findings from mentors were corroborated by data collected from mentee surveys, which validated shifts in the mentors’ behaviors subsequent to the training. These results hold implications for LSAMP alliances nationwide and for all colleges and universities that aspire to create a sustainable pipeline for the STEM workforce in the U.S.
Optimization and Analysis of the Impact of Food Hub Location on GHG Emissions in a Short Food Supply Chain
Authors: Cui Yaheng , Diarrassouba Ibrahima , Joncour Cédric , Michel Loyal Sophie
Published: September 2024

The trend in many countries is to promote local consumption of food. This is done by encouraging consumers to connect directly with local farmers or by building hubs that are known as food hubs. Most of the studies on the environmental impact of short food supply chains (SFSCs) focus on the evaluation the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in SFSCs where consumers are directly connected to local farmers. Also, these studies mainly focus on GHG emissions due to transportation. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous study or theoretical models on the estimation and impact of food hub selection and design on total GHG emissions, although they can play an important role in economic, environmental, and social sustainability of an SFSC. In this paper, we develop a framework to estimate GHG emissions from hubs and transportation in a two-echelon SFSC. We introduce a novel approach that utilizes piece-wise linear functions to model the hubs’ GHG emissions combined with an optimization model to calculate the total GHG emission of the SFSC. With this approach, we address the gaps in the literature for a more realistic supply chain model. Our optimization-based approach determines the optimal location, size, and number of food hubs to minimize total GHG emissions. We apply this framework, under various conditions, to the design of a particular SFSC in the Normandy region of France. We also extend the study to other countries. We provide several numerical results that are then analysed. Our analysis shows that the number of foods hubs, their location, and their design may considerably impact the total GHG emissions, depending on the input parameters and data. Furthermore, this study contributes to the advancement of sustainable and green supply chain management, providing valuable insights for practitioners and policy makers aiming to optimize SFSCs for environmental sustainability.
Barriers to the Development of Art Tourism in Jingdezhen—The Perspective of the ‘Jingpiao’ Community
Authors: Wang Ziyang , Chen Songhong
Published: September 2024

Jingdezhen, renowned as the cradle of Chinese ceramic art, has embraced new opportunities in the realm of art tourism amidst the global tourism boom. Nonetheless, this growth trajectory is fraught with challenges. This study aims to delve into the obstacles encountered in the development of art tourism in Jingdezhen and to identify the critical influencing factors through qualitative research methods, particularly grounded theory. By conducting in-depth interviews with ‘Jingpiao’ artists who have worked in the art industry in Jingdezhen for three years or more and have interacted with tourists, this research reveals that economic, infrastructure, human resources, government attitude, policy and regulation, promotion, and transportation are significant factors affecting the development of art tourism in Jingdezhen. These factors intertwine to form a complex system that impacts the sustainable development of art tourism in the region. The findings underscore the need for concerted efforts among government, businesses, and artists to optimise these key factors, thereby creating a more conducive environment for the development of art tourism in Jingdezhen. Moreover, this study offers valuable insights and lessons for the development of art tourism in other regions.
Effects of Mulching on Soil Properties and Yam Production in Tropical Region
Authors: Kumar Shamal Shasang , Wani Owais Ali , Prasad Binesh , Banuve Amena , Mua Penaia , Sharma Ami Chand , Prasad Shalendra , Malik Abdul Raouf , El-Hendawy Salah , Mattar Mohamed A.
Published: September 2024

Mulching plays a pivotal role in modern sustainable agriculture, offering a versatile solution to enhance soil quality, improve soil health, conserve resources, and optimize crop performance. This study examined the effects of various mulching materials on soil properties, seasonal variations in soil and environmental variables, and yam production in a tropical environment, with a focus on sustainable agricultural practice. We applied a range of mulch treatments, including black polythene, weedmat, sugarcane straw, organic compost, cowpea-live, juncao grass, sawdust, and a control with no mulch. The results indicated that the organic compost mulch significantly increased soil pH and soil electrical conductivity (EC). The control treatment resulted in the highest soil moisture content, while the highest soil temperature were recorded for the black polythene and organic compost mulch treatments. The organic compost mulch enhanced the soil organic carbon (SOC) content, soil available phosphorus (SAP) content, and soil exchangeable calcium (SECa) content. The weedmat mulch showed the highest soil exchangeable potassium (SEK) content, and the control treatment exhibited the highest soil exchangeable magnesium (SEMg) and sodium (SENa) content. In terms of micronutrients, the sawdust mulch and black polythene mulch significantly increased soil exchangeable iron (SEFe) and copper (SECu) levels, respectively. Notable seasonal variations in soil pH, temperature, and environmental humidity were observed during the crop period. The soil pH fluctuated from slightly acidic levels in August 2023 to neutral levels in October, and then decreased to slightly acidic levels in early 2024 before stabilizing by March 2024. The soil temperature peaked in November and dropped in January, while the environmental humidity ranged from 48.25% in December to 76.33% in February. The study demonstrated that the organic compost mulch stood out as an advantageous choice because of its capacity to enhance the soil’s properties and offer a balanced nutrient mix, making it particularly beneficial for yam cultivation. It also proved to be a reliable and balanced option to enhance soil quality with stable soil quality indices (SQIs). The weedmat mulch proved to be highly effective in enhancing yam growth and productivity. The weedmat mulch is the most profitable and cost-effective option for yam cultivation, providing the highest net returns and strong financial viability. This study emphasizes the value of choosing the right mulching materials to support soil quality, crop productivity, and economic returns in tropical settings, making strides toward more sustainable farming practices.
Digital Transformation, Board Diversity, and Corporate Sustainable Development
Authors: Zhang Chi , Tian Xinyu , Sun Xiaojie , Xu Jian , Gao Yu
Published: September 2024

The rapid advancement of information technologies, such as the Internet of Things and big data, has created favorable conditions for digital transformation, which has main effects on the sustainable development of enterprises. Drawing upon stakeholder theory, this article employs text analysis to construct indicators for corporate digital transformation using data from A-share listed companies between 2015 and 2022. Meanwhile, ESG performance is utilized as a measure of corporate sustainable development. Through both theoretical inquiry and case study, this study investigates the influence of digital transformation on sustainable development in enterprises and arrives at the following conclusions: (1) Digital transformation exerts a substantial positive effect on the sustainable development of enterprises. Board diversity plays a moderating role in this relationship; age diversity and gender diversity weaken its promoting effect while experience diversity enhances its positive influence. These findings remain robust after conducting various tests to ensure validity and addressing endogeneity concerns; (2) Heterogeneity tests reveal that compared to non-state-owned enterprises and high-tech firms, digital transformation has a more pronounced promoting effect on sustainable development levels within state-owned enterprises and non-high-tech companies. This article offers novel research perspectives on how digitization drives corporate sustainability in the digital era while providing practical insights for companies aiming to achieve both digital transformation and sustainable development.
Prioritizing the European Investment Sectors Based on Different Economic, Social, and Governance Factors Using a Fuzzy-MEREC-AROMAN Decision-Making Model
Authors: Olteanu (Burcă) Andreea Larisa , Ionașcu Alina Elena , Cosma Sorinel , Barbu Corina Aurora , Popa Alexandra , Cioroiu Corina Georgiana , Goswami Shankha Shubhra
Published: September 2024

This study tackles the challenge of identifying optimal investment sectors amid the growing importance of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors, which are often complex and conflicting. This research aims to effectively evaluate and prioritize ten investment sectors based on twelve ESG criteria by integrating expert evaluations with two advanced multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. Three expert teams assessed each sector’s performance based on these criteria using fuzzy logic to manage uncertainties in expert judgments. The MEREC (MEthod based on the Removal Effects of Criteria) identified biodiversity and land use as the most critical factor, while transparency and disclosure was least significant. The AROMAN (Alternative Ranking Order Method Accounting for two-step Normalization) method was further used to rank the ten alternative sectors, with impact investing funds emerging as the top choice, followed by renewable energy and sustainable responsible investment funds. Conversely, ESG-compliant stocks, ESG-focused exchange-traded funds, and ESG-focused real estate investment trusts ranked the lowest. The study’s findings were validated through comparisons with other MCDM tools and sensitivity analysis, confirming the robustness of the proposed model. This research offers a valuable framework for investors looking to incorporate ESG considerations into their decision-making, promoting sustainable and responsible investing practices.
Is Younger Population Generating Higher CO2 Emissions? A Dynamic Panel Analysis on European Countries
Authors: Sabău-Popa Claudia Diana , Perțicaș Diana Claudia , Florea Adrian , Rus Luminița , Juma Hillary Wafula
Published: September 2024

Ensuring a balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability is crucial to reduce the impact of CO2 emissions and ensure sustainable economic development for future generations. The goal of this study is to investigate the influences of the adjusted gross dispensable income (GDI) per capita, the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, energy consumption per capita, economic inequality in the population (GINI), and the median age on the carbon emissions in 27 European countries. In the dynamic panel analysis, CO2 emissions represent the dependent variable, while adjusted GDI/capita, GDP/capita, energy use/capita, median age, and GINI are the independent variables. The valid results of the model show us that only the past values of CO2 emissions, GDP/capita, and median age significantly influence the carbon emissions in the European countries analyzed. The median age and the GDP/capita have inversely proportional impacts on the carbon emissions in Europe. A 1% increase in GDP/capita produced a 0.006% decrease in carbon emissions in Europe. The younger the population is, the higher the carbon emissions. In contrast, the adjusted gross disposable income/capita, the energy consumption/capita, and economic inequality do not significantly influence CO2 emissions/capita in the European countries and period analyzed.
Future Land Use and Habitat Quality Dynamics: Spatio-Temporal Analysis and Simulation in the Taihu Lake Basin
Authors: Huang Chenbo , Cheng Xiaojing , Zhang Zhiming
Published: September 2024

Land use change profoundly impacts habitat quality, necessitating an understanding of historical and future trends for effective regional planning and ecological protection, particularly in ecologically sensitive areas. This study examines the Taihu Lake Basin (TLB), a region undergoing significant land use changes and exhibiting considerable ecological vulnerability. Utilizing the InVEST model (v3.14.2), we analyzed the dynamics of land use and habitat quality in the TLB from 2000 to 2020. We subsequently employed the PLUS model (v1.40) to predict future land use and habitat quality under various scenarios. Our key findings include the following: (1) From 2000 to 2020, TLB experienced a 97.62% increase in construction land, alongside significant reductions in cultivated land and forestland. (2) Population density, precipitation, DEM, and temperature were identified as the main drivers of land use expansion in TLB. (3) Habitat quality declined by 11.20% over the study period, exhibiting spatial disparities including higher quality in the southwest and central regions and lower quality in the east and north. (4) Scenarios prioritizing urban development led to substantial construction land expansion and reduced habitat quality, whereas scenarios emphasizing ecological protection effectively mitigated habitat fragmentation. This study highlights the critical need to integrate ecological protection into regional planning to balance economic development with environmental sustainability. The findings underscore the importance of prioritizing ecological conservation in land use policies to maintain habitat quality and promote sustainable development in the TLB. These insights are valuable for guiding future land use planning and ecological management in similarly sensitive regions.
Digital Learning Orientation and Entrepreneurial Competencies in Graduates: Is Blended Learning Sustainable?
Authors: Satar Mir Shahid , Alharthi Sager , Omeish Fandi , Alshibani Safiya Mukhtar , Saqib Natasha
Published: September 2024

The emerging literature demonstrates the significance of digital learning in developing sustainable employability skills in learners. In the modern scenario of digitally transforming business and entrepreneurship education (EE), the study examines the role of digital learning orientation (DLO) for the development of entrepreneurial competencies (ECs) in graduates while considering the effects of blended learning (BL) behavior. The study data came from a survey of 317 graduate students in Saudi Arabia, where digitalization and entrepreneurship are positioned as new agendas for sustainable development in the education sector. The data analysis results from partial least squares structural equation modelling (SmartPLS 3.0) revealed that DLO has a direct impact on the development of ECs in graduates. However, the effects of BL on ECs were not proven. Nevertheless, BL was found to moderate the relationship between DLO and ECs. As a result, the study produced new theoretical and practical implications underpinning digital learning and EE in the contemporary digitalization context.
“Treating Waste with Waste”: Utilizing Phosphogypsum to Synthesize Porous Calcium Silicate Hydrate for Recovering of Fe2+ from Pickling Wastewater
Authors: Liang Pan , Chen Chaoyi , Li Junqi , Chen Jiahang
Published: September 2024

Phosphogypsum is a by-product of the wet-process phosphoric acid production, and it is rich in Ca and S. Long-term storage of Phosphogypsum can cause serious pollution to the environment; therefore, promoting the sustainable utilization of Phosphogypsum is crucial. This study proposes the use of Phosphogypsum and silicic acid in a sodium hydroxide solution for the hydrothermal synthesis of porous calcium silicate hydrate adsorbent, which is used for adsorbing Fe2+ from simulated hydrochloric acid pickling wastewater. Under the optimal synthesis conditions (37.5 g/L of NaOH, calcium/silicon ratio of 1.0, liquid/solid ratio of 15:1 mL/g, 110 °C, and 4 h), the conversion rate of SO42− in Phosphogypsum is 87.41%. Porous calcium silicate hydrate exhibits excellent OH− release capability in Fe2+-containing pickling wastewater. The adsorption process for Fe2+; is mainly chemical adsorption, involving ion exchange between Ca2+ and Fe2+, as well as complexation reactions of O-Si-O group, -OH group, and Si-O group with Fe2+. This technology aims to provide a solution for the sustainable utilization of Phosphogypsum and the recovery of Fe2+ from pickling wastewater, which has significant practical importance.
Blood Damage Analysis within the FDA Benchmark Nozzle Geometry at Laminar Conditions: Prediction Sensitivities to Software and Non-Newtonian Viscosity Models
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Gautham , Gholizadeh Nasim
Published: September 2024

There is a prevailing consensus that most Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) frameworks can accurately predict global variables under laminar flow conditions within the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) benchmark nozzle geometry. However, variations in derived variables, such as strain rate and vorticity, may arise due to differences in numerical solvers and gradient evaluation methods, which can subsequently impact predictions related to blood damage and non-Newtonian flow behavior. To examine this, flow symmetry indices, vortex characteristics, and blood damage—were assessed using Newtonian and four non-Newtonian viscosity models with CFD codes Ansys Fluent and OpenFOAM on identical meshes. At Reynolds number (Re) 500, symmetry breakdown and complex vortex shapes were predicted with some non-Newtonian models in both OpenFOAM and Ansys Fluent, whereas these phenomena were not observed with the Newtonian model. This contradicted the expectation that employing a non-Newtonian model would delay the onset of turbulence. Similarly, at Re 2000, symmetry breakdown occurred sooner (following the sudden expansion section) with the non-Newtonian models in both Ansys Fluent and OpenFOAM. Vortex identification based on the Q-criterion resulted in distinctly different vortex shapes in Ansys Fluent and OpenFOAM. Blood damage assessments showed greater prediction variations among the non-Newtonian models at lower Reynolds numbers.
The Linear Quadratic Optimal Control Problem for Stochastic Systems Controlled by Impulses
Authors: Dragan Vasile , Popa Ioan-Lucian
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on addressing the linear quadratic (LQ) optimal control problem on an infinite time horizon for stochastic systems controlled by impulses. No constraint regarding the sign of the quadratic functional is applied. That is why our first concern is to find conditions which guarantee that the considered optimal control problem is well posed. Then, when the optimal control problem is well posed, it is natural to look for conditions which guarantee the attainability of the optimal control problem that is being evaluated. The main tool involved in the solution of the problems stated before is a backward jump matrix linear differential equation (BJMLDE) with a Riccati-type jumping operator. This is formulated using the matrix coefficients of the controlled system and the weight matrices of the performance criterion. We show that the well posedness of the optimal control problem under investigation is guaranteed by the existence of the maximal and bounded solution of the associated BJMLDE with a Riccati-type jumping operator. Further, we show that when the associated BJMLDE with a Riccati-type jumping operator has a maximal solution which satisfies a suitable sign condition, then the optimal control problem is attainable if and only if it has an optimal control in a state feedback form, or if and only if the maximal solution of the BJMLDE with a Riccati-type jumping operator is a stabilizing solution. In order to make the paper more self-contained, we present a set of conditions that correspond to the existence of the maximal solution of the BJMLDE satisfying the desired sign condition.
Exploring HIV-1 Maturation: A New Frontier in Antiviral Development
Authors: McGraw Aidan , Hillmer Grace , Medehincu Stefania M. , Hikichi Yuta , Gagliardi Sophia , Narayan Kedhar , Tibebe Hasset , Marquez Dacia , Mei Bose Lilia , Keating Adleigh , Izumi Coco , Peese Kevin , Joshi Samit , Krystal Mark , DeCicco-Skinner Kathleen L. , Freed Eric O. , Sardo Luca , Izumi Taisuke
Published: September 2024

HIV-1 virion maturation is an essential step in the viral replication cycle to produce infectious virus particles. Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins are assembled at the plasma membrane of the virus-producer cells and bud from it to the extracellular compartment. The newly released progeny virions are initially immature and noninfectious. However, once the Gag polyprotein is cleaved by the viral protease in progeny virions, the mature capsid proteins assemble to form the fullerene core. This core, harboring two copies of viral genomic RNA, transforms the virion morphology into infectious virus particles. This morphological transformation is referred to as maturation. Virion maturation influences the distribution of the Env glycoprotein on the virion surface and induces conformational changes necessary for the subsequent interaction with the CD4 receptor. Several host factors, including proteins like cyclophilin A, metabolites such as IP6, and lipid rafts containing sphingomyelins, have been demonstrated to have an influence on virion maturation. This review article delves into the processes of virus maturation and Env glycoprotein recruitment, with an emphasis on the role of host cell factors and environmental conditions. Additionally, we discuss microscopic technologies for assessing virion maturation and the development of current antivirals specifically targeting this critical step in viral replication, offering long-acting therapeutic options.
Establishment and Application of a Triplex Real-Time Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Differentiation of PEDV, TGEV and PKV
Authors: Tu Jun , Lin Zhengdan , Sun Erchao , Yu Teng , Zhang Weichao , Sun Yumei , Zhu Hechao , Qian Pin , Cheng Guofu
Published: September 2024

The pathogens responsible for porcine viral diarrhea are diverse, causing significant economic losses to the pig industry. PEDV and TGEV are well-known pathogens causing diarrheal diseases in pigs, leading to significant economic losses in the breeding industry. In contrast, the newly identified diarrhea virus, PKV, has not garnered as much attention. However, co-infection of PKV with PEDV results in more severe symptoms in piglets, such as acute gastroenteritis, and promotes increased replication of PEDV. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of viral diarrhea is essential for farms to identify pathogens early and mitigate economic losses. This study describes the development of a triplex real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-qPCR technique that can simultaneously detect three RNA viruses associated with porcine viral diarrhea: PEDV, TGEV, and PKV. To establish the triplex RT-qPCR method for the simultaneous detection and identification of the above three diarrhea viruses, conserved regions of the M gene of TGEV, the N gene of PEDV, and the 3D gene of PKV were selected to design specific primers and probes. After optimizing the reaction conditions, the method’s specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility were evaluated. The triplex RT-qPCR method did not show a significant difference in PCR efficiency compared to the single RT-qPCR method. The method is specific to TGEV, PKV, and PEDV, exhibits no cross-reactivity with other pathogens, and demonstrates satisfactory sensitivity and reproducibility; the limit of detection (LOD) of PEDV, TGEV, and PKV is 11.42 copies/μL. Furthermore, the performance of the triplex RT-qPCR assay was compared with the Chinese standard single-assay method for detecting TGEV, PKV, and PEDV, showing complete consistency between the two methods (100% compliant). Subsequently, 1502 clinical diarrhea samples were collected from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to investigate the local prevalence of TGEV, PKV, and PEDV and the positive rates were 16.38% (246/1502), 1.46% (22/1502), and 45.14% (678/1502), respectively. Co-infection of PEDV and PKV were most common, with a rate of 12.12% (182/1502). This study presents a valuable method for the rapid and simultaneous identification of PEDV, TGEV, and PKV in clinical animal farming practices, and provides a reassessment of the epidemiology of these diarrhea-causing viral pathogens in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
“Case By Case”: Investigating the Use of a VR-Based Allegorical Serious Game for Consent Education
Authors: Aindow Autumn May , Baines Alexander , Mccaffery Toby , O’Neill Sterling , Salido Frolynne Rose Martinez , Collyer-Hoar Gail , Limbert George , Rubegni Elisa , Karnik Abhijit
Published: September 2024

The topic of consent within interpersonal relationships is sensitive and complex. A serious game can provide a safe medium for the exploration of the topic of consent. In this paper, we aim to alleviate the challenges of designing a serious game artefact with the implicit goal of exploring the topic of consent. The resulting artefact, “Case By Case”, is a VR-based serious game targeting university students, which uses an allegory-based approach to achieve its goal. The participants play the role of a detective who is tasked with determining if individuals have committed theft, which serves as an allegory for breach of consent. “Case By Case” provides the users an opportunity to reflect on their decisions within the game and apply them to the complex situations of consent such as victim-blaming and bystander awareness. To evaluate the effectiveness of the game in achieving its implicit goal, we ran a user study (n = 24). The results show that “Case By Case” provided a safe environment for the users to reflect on the concept of consent and increase their understanding about the topic further.
Harnessing Game Engines and Digital Twins: Advancing Flood Education, Data Visualization, and Interactive Monitoring for Enhanced Hydrological Understanding
Authors: Yin Weibo , Hu Qingfeng , Liu Wenkai , Liu Jinping , He Peipei , Zhu Dantong , Kornejady Aiding
Published: September 2024

Given the increasing frequency and severity of floods caused by climate change, there is a pressing requirement for creative ways to improve public comprehension and control of hydrological phenomena. Contemporary technology provides unparalleled possibilities to transform this domain. This project investigates the possibilities for merging gaming engines and digital twins to enhance flood education, data visualization, and interactive monitoring. This study proposes the utilization of immersive digital twins to enhance the comprehension of hydrological and hydraulic systems. The suggested method utilizes game engines to generate dynamic and interactive models that connect raw data to practical insights, enabling a more profound understanding of flood dynamics. This study underscores the wide-ranging usefulness of digital twins in various watersheds by focusing on the development of advanced monitoring systems, the benefits of improved data visualization, and educational outreach. The incorporation of real-time data via IoT technology considerably improves the significance and precision of these virtual models. This novel approach seeks to refashion flood management approaches by cultivating well-informed stakeholders and advocating for effective environmental education, ultimately leading to more resilient and prepared communities. An immersive digital twin of the real world can assist decision-makers technically, psychologically, and mentally by making complex phenomena easier to understand and visualize, thanks to real-time data and simulations that keep the information up-to-date, consequently leading to a more precise and intuitive decision-making process.
Use of Telemetry Data to Quantify Life History Diversity in Migrating Juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
Authors: Goertler Pascale Ava Lake , Johnston Myfanwy , Michel Cyril Joseph , Grimes Tracy , Singer Gabriel , Notch Jeremy , Sommer Ted
Published: September 2024

Variations in species distribution, population structure, and behavior can provide a portfolio effect that buffers populations against rapid environmental change. Although diversity has been identified as a goal for effective resource management and genetic and demographic tools have been developed, life history remains challenging to quantify. In this study, we demonstrate a novel metric of life history diversity using telemetry data from migratory fish. Here, we examined diversity in the outmigration behavior of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) released in the Sacramento River, California, between 2007 and 2017. In this synthesis, we examined a wide variety of landscape and demographic drivers at high resolution by incorporating many individual telemetry studies, with variability in release location by year, environmental conditions, and all runs of salmon that are present in the watershed. When years were grouped by shared hydrologic conditions, variation in travel time was significantly higher in wet years. Further, our model showed a negative effect of warm temperatures at low flows on the variation in migration movements. This suggests that enhanced hydrologic connectivity increases the variation in migration time, a representation of habitat complexity and biocomplexity, despite the degraded state of this watershed and the weakened state of these populations. Variation in migration behavior could buffer species from current and future environmental changes, such as climate effects on precipitation and temperature. Hence, behavioral metrics generated from telemetry studies can be used to understand life history diversity and the potential effects of environmental fluctuations.
Investigation of Biotoxicity and Environmental Impact of Prometryn on Fish and Algae Coexistent System
Authors: Yang Zhenjiang , Zhao Daoquan , Gu Jinxing , Wu Ran , Liu Bianzhi , Yu Guangqing , Dong Pengsheng , Huang Xiaocheng , Li Ming , Li Guoxi
Published: September 2024

To investigate the toxic and environmental effects of prometryn, a laboratory experiment was performed on coexistent fish and algae. The body weight and length of Carassius carassius, Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) densities and water quality were measured continuously for 92 days. It was observed that fish growth was significantly inhibited by prometryn. This can be partly attributed to the adverse effects of prometryn on the antioxidant system of fish; the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in crucian carp were significantly inhibited by prometryn. The growth of M. aeruginosa was greatly inhibited by prometryn (p < 0.05), and the adverse effects of prometryn on M. aeruginosa indirectly impacted water qualities. The body weight and length of Carassius carassius first increased and then tended to be stable with increasing electrical conductivity (EC) values; their quantified relationship was established based on the Gompertz and Logistic equations (R2 = 0.920–0.989). Based on the above results, we concluded that the toxic effects of prometryn can impact the antioxidant system of fish and algae which in turn affects their growth performance, and have an indirect impact on water quality. The application of equations made it realizable to obtain a more detailed interpretation of the processes involved in these biological–abiotic interactions.
PSAU-Defender: A Lightweight and Low-Cost Comprehensive Framework for BeiDou Spoofing Mitigation in Vehicular Networks
Authors: Tariq Usman
Published: September 2024

The increasing reliance of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) on the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) for precise positioning and timing information has raised significant concerns regarding their vulnerability to spoofing attacks. This research proposes a novel approach to mitigate BeiDou spoofing attacks in VANETs by leveraging a hybrid machine learning model that combines XGBoost and Random Forest with a Kalman Filter for real-time anomaly detection in BeiDou signals. It also introduces a geospatial message authentication mechanism to enhance vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication security. The research investigates low-cost and accessible countermeasures against spoofing attacks using COTS receivers and open-source SDRs. Spoofing attack scenarios are implemented in both software and hardware domains using an open-source BeiDou signal simulator to examine the effects of different spoofing attacks on victim receivers and identify detection methods for each type, focusing on pre-correlation techniques with power-related metrics and signal quality monitoring using correlator values. The emulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in detecting and mitigating BeiDou spoofing attacks in VANETs, ensuring the integrity and reliability of safety-critical information. This research contributes to the development of robust security mechanisms for VANETs and has practical implications for enhancing the resilience of transportation systems against spoofing threats. Future research will focus on extending the proposed approach to other GNSS constellations and exploring the integration of additional security measures to further strengthen VANET security.
Pengaturan Pernikahan di Bawah Umur Menurut Hukum Positif di Indonesia
Authors: Orias Marco , Zaenal Hery Kuniawan
Published: September 2024

Underage marriage, defined as a marriage in which one or both parties have not reached the minimum age prescribed by law, is a complex social issue with far-reaching impacts for individuals, families and communities. The impact of underage marriage which, among others, can increase the risk of complications in pregnancy and childbirth, maternal or infant mortality, child stunting, hampering education, limiting employment opportunities, plunging into poverty, risk of depression, domestic violence and harming the freedom of individual autonomy. For this reason, community participation is needed, including raising awareness about the negative impacts of underage marriage through education and advocacy. On the other hand, the role of the government is also needed, namely by strengthening regulations and law enforcement related to the minimum age of marriage, providing access to education and comprehensive reproductive health services, encouraging economic empowerment programs and improving the standard of living of the community and building cross-sectoral cooperation to prevent underage marriage. This research uses normative legal research, which is descriptive and analytical. The data source used is library data. The data collection technique and tool used is library research. This research analyzes data qualitatively. Based on Article 65 of the Law of Notary Public, the Notary public who makes the deed is responsible for the minutes of the deed he had made even though the minutes of the deed had been handed over to the Notary public holding the protocol. The Notary public holding the protocol is not responsible if there is a lawsuit regarding the contents of the minutes of the deed contained in the protocol he received. The Supreme Court's decision concerns Notary public matters, only considering the lawsuit as lacking parties.
Pembelajaran Partisipasi Aktif Siswa Tunagrahita Di TK Talenta Semarang Ditinjau Dari Aspek Pedagogis Dan Ekologis
Authors: Robaiyani Siti , Ahyauddin M. Mawahib , Rahmania Afifah , Masfia Irma , Fahmy Zulfa
Published: September 2024

A critical element in the learning process is student participation. However, children with disabilities sometimes have obstacles to participate in the classroom. Therefore, this study focuses on observing the active participation of students with disabilities in Talenta Semarang Kindergarten and the methods used to stimulate participation. Active participation is examined from two aspects, namely ecology and pedagogy. This research is qualitative, using observation and interview data collection methods. The analysis technique used is descriptive phenomenology, which is a technique for understanding the subject's experience by describing the essential features of a phenomenon without interpreting it. The study results showed that the students with disabilities at Talenta Semarang Kindergarten could show limited participation levels in the ecological and pedagogical aspects. In this case, each student showed different levels according to their abilities. In addition, teachers can also show some methods to provoke students with disabilities to participate in the learning process in the classroom. This research also discusses the obstacles and challenges faced by students with disabilities in the learning process.
Desafios e avanços no tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada: uma revisão abrangente das abordagens terapêuticas e estratégias de manejo
Authors: Silva Igor Yury , Carnevale Giovanna de Faria , Brasileiro Igor Wajnsztok , Carvalho Márcia Fernandes , Oliveira Marcus Vinícius Gomes de
Published: September 2024

A insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada (ICFEP) representa uma condição complexa e desafiadora para o tratamento, envolvendo mecanismos fisiopatológicos intrincados. A principal característica da ICFEP é a disfunção diastólica, resultante da incapacidade do ventrículo esquerdo de relaxar adequadamente durante a diástole. Esse fenômeno é agravado por condições como hipertensão, obesidade e diabetes mellitus, que contribuem para a rigidez miocárdica e o acúmulo de colágeno no miocárdio, prejudicando a função diastólica. A hipertrofia ventricular e a fibrose miocárdica, associadas à inflamação sistêmica e ao estresse oxidativo, desempenham papeis cruciais na progressão da doença. O diagnóstico da ICFEP é desafiador e requer uma abordagem abrangente que inclui avaliação clínica, exames laboratoriais e técnicas de imagem avançadas. O ecocardiograma e a ressonância magnética cardíaca são ferramentas essenciais para a avaliação da função diastólica e para a identificação de alterações estruturais no coração. Biomarcadores como BNP e troponina são úteis para monitorar a gravidade da insuficiência cardíaca e diferenciar a ICFEP de outras condições cardíacas. Diretrizes clínicas fornecem critérios claros para o diagnóstico e destacam a importância de avaliar comorbidades que podem complicar o tratamento. As opções terapêuticas para a ICFEP incluem tanto tratamentos farmacológicos quanto não farmacológicos. Diuréticos, inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina (IECA) e beta-bloqueadores são utilizados para aliviar os sintomas. Novas terapias, como os inibidores de SGLT2, mostraram benefícios na redução de hospitalizações e na melhoria do prognóstico, mesmo em pacientes sem diabetes. Além disso, mudanças no estilo de vida, como controle de peso e exercícios regulares, desempenham um papel importante no manejo da condição. A gestão eficaz das comorbidades, como hipertensão e diabetes mellitus, e o cuidado integrado envolvendo uma equipe multidisciplinar são essenciais para otimizar o tratamento e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Análise epidemiológica da mortalidade por doenças do aparelho respiratório no estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Lamas Laura Oliveira Grossi , Xavier Nicolly Merenciano , Bungart Rafaela , Coelho Ana Clara Blanc
Published: September 2024

Introdução: As Doenças do Aparelho Respiratório são uma das principais causas de absenteísmo do trabalho e escolar, sendo a 2ª maior causa de internações hospitalares no país são consideradas problemas de saúde pública, observa-se a importância dessas patologias para as questões epidemiológicas do paíss. Assim, o objetivo consiste na análise do perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade das doenças do aparelho respiratório no estado de Minas Gerais de 2018 a 2022. Metodologia: O presente artigo contempla um estudo ecológico de caráter descritivo e observacional. Realizou-se um levantamento dos dados pelo Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM), por meio do Departamente de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Os dados foram levantados no estado de Minas Gerais, durante os anos de 2018 a 2022, relacionado as variáveis: município, ano de óbito, sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade e estado civil. Além disso, foram utilizados para o levantamento de dados desse estudo: revistas eartigos científicos, resumos, periódicos e revisões literárias baseado em “epidemiologia”, “doenças respiratórias”, “óbitos”. Resultados e Discussão: Foram obtidos 85568, sendo que o município com maior número de óbitos foi Belo Horizonte com 10%, o ano do óbito 2022 com 23%, sexo masculino 52%, escolaridade de 4 a 7 anos 23%, faixa etária 80 anos ou mais com 50%, estado civil 35% viúvos. Conclusão:  O perfil epidemiológico analisado foi de maior mortalidade na capital Belo Horizonte, no ano de 2022, sendo homens, de 80 anos ou mais, viúvos e com escolaridade de 4 a 7 anos.
Evolução de portadoras de Estenose Mitral no ciclo gravídico puerperal
Authors: Cavalcante Marina Pitta Duarte , Costa Larissa Barbosa Caldas
Published: September 2024

Introdução. O sistema cardiovascular é um dos sistemas que mais enfrenta alterações durante o ciclo gravídico puerperal, através de alterações hormonais e do surgimento da circulação útero-placentária. Devido a isso, o organismo materno pode propiciar o aparecimento de sinais e sintomas sugestivos de patologias cardíacas, que são bem toleradas em gestantes saudáveis. Porém, portadoras de estenose mitral, podem apresentar problemas respiratórios e cardíacos, resultando em sérias complicações durante a gravidez, trabalho de parto e puerpério. Objetivo. Descrever a evolução de portadoras de estenose mitral, relatando suas ocorrências durante o ciclo grávido puerperal. Métodos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados LILACS e PubMed, durante um período de 2013-2023, sendo identificados 227 artigos, porém 50 apresentavam-se dentro dos critérios de inclusão. No entanto, apenas 11 foram selecionados como relevantes para discussão e abordagem do tema. Resultados. As informações obtidas, revelaram que a presença de estenose mitral, durante a gravidez, é acompanhada de riscos maternos e fetais, com prevalência de complicações na ausência de intervenção precoce. Conclusão. A estenose mitral durante o período gestacional é um importante preditor de complicações cardíacas, tornando fundamental o aconselhamento pré-concepcional.
Evaluasi sistem informasi manajemen klinik (SIMKLINIK) di bagian rawat jalan dengan metode hot-fit
Authors: Sigit Nanta , Maulana Moh
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Sesuai dengan peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 82 Tahun 2013 bahwa semua Klinik wajib menyelenggarakan SIMKLINIK. Di klinik Panti Rahayu Sejak SIMKLINIK diimplementasikan, belum pernah dilakukan evaluasi SIMKLINIK. Oleh karena itu peneliti akan melakukan penelitian dengan mengevaluasi SIMKLINIK di Klinik Panti Rahayu menggunakan metode HOT-FIT.Metode: Kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional untuk mengukur variabel human, organization, dan technology terhadap net benefit SIMRS di Klinik Panti Rahayu. Karena jumlah populasi kurang dari 100 maka sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan SEM PLS dan nama aplikasi yang dipakai adalah SmartPLS versi 3.0.Hasil: Ada tiga faktor yang mempengaruhi net benefit kualitas layanan, kepuasan pengguna, dan lingkungan organisasi. Sedangkan faktor yang tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap net benefit SIMKLINIK di Klinik Panti Rahayu adalah: penggunaan sistem, struktur organisasi, kualitas sistem, dan kualitas informasi.Kesimpulan: Faktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam keberhasilan net benefit Sistem Informasi Manajemen Klinik di Klinik Panti Rahayu adalah kualitas layanan, kepuasan pengguna, dan lingkungan organisasi.