bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMAGE OF SAINT SERGIUS OF RADONEZH IN SAINTS’ LIVES AND LITERATURE
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Toporova Anna V. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: April 2021

The paper studies the image of Saint Sergius of Radonezh as depicted in the saints’ lives (written by Epiphanius the Wise, Pachomius Logothetes, and Archbishop Nikon Rozhdestvensky) and in 20th century literature (Boris Zaytsev’s essay ‘The Life of Saint Sergius’ and Ivan Shmelev’s short story ‘Kulikovo Field’). The main difference between the depictions of Sergius in the saints’ lives as opposed to the modern accounts lies in the authors’ historical perspective. The main goal of Epiphanius the Wise is to paint a detailed picture of the spiritual countenance of Sergius, his teacher and contemporary, while Archbishop Nikon focuses on the saint’s historical context. In contrast, Zaytsev takes a particular interest in Sergius’ personality and its ‘human’ manifestations; in parallels with his own life and time; and in moral lessons taught to us by Sergius’ life. In Shmelev’s short story, Sergius’ miraculous appearance in 1925 serves as an inspiring symbol of the inner unity of history and eternity. With peace and light he brings, Sergius counteracts the darkness and madness of life after the Revolution. For Zaytsev and Shmelev, Saint Sergius of Radonezh was a beacon that illuminated the difficult worldly life of contemporary man and directed him towards his main goal, salvation.
TATTR ABOUT HRAFNA-FLOKI IN ICELANDIC WRITTEN SOURCES
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Litovskikh Elena V.
Published: April 2021

One of the most peculiar stories about the naming of the island, which the introductory chapters of The Book of Settlements (Landnámabók) open with, is the þáttr about Hrafna-Flóki, presented completely differently in the early editions of Sturlubók and Hauksbók. The dynamics of plot development, which are similar to those of a fairy tale, fragments that fully coincide in the different editions, the release of three sacrificial ravens and the three main actors (Flóki Vilgerðarson himself and his two companions who bear the rhyming names Þórólfr and Herjólfr) go back to the oral tradition. In the plot of the ‘magic helper’, Faxi, endowed with a name typical for a magic horse in the Old Norse tradition, direct structural and stylistic analogies can be traced in other hydronymic legends of Landnámabók. The þáttr of Flóki is an alternative socioetiological legend, ignored by Ari fróði Þorgilsson due to its inconsistency with his idealised image of the leader of the Norwegian settlers.
Supperior Fishing Gear for Coral Reef Fishes in Western Seram Regency
Authors: Tupamahu Agustinus , Haruna Haruna , Hutubessy Barbara G , Siahainenia Stany R , Nanlohy Albert Ch , Hehanusa Kedswin
Published: April 2021

Various fishing gears that are operated in the coral reef waters of Western Seram Regency have their own selectivity, capture various species of fish, and have an impact on the damage to coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to determine the leading reef fishing gears in Western Seram District. The survey method is through observations and interviews with fishermen who conduct fishing activities of coral species. Respondents are determined by propulsive sampling, the selection of superior fishing gear is done by the scoring method. The results showed that the fishing gear classified into the line fishing gear was superior to other fishing gear, where the bottom trolling were superior. The less favored coral fishing equipment especially from the biological aspect needs attention to improve the method and design of the fishing gear.
The development of prototyping and their research over the centuries
Authors: Burchardt Emilia
Published: April 2021

This paper presents issues related to the subject of prototyping. It discusses the essence of creating prototypes in historical times and in contemporary times. The paper presents the process of car development in the times of Henry Ford and in modern times. Briefly contemporary methods of prototyping, so-called fast prototyping methods, are discussed. In short, the issues of researching prototypes in historical and contemporary times are also discussed. This article perfectly allows to see the progress in technology that has been made over the centuries from XIX to XXI.
Is Grammar Still Important Learning the English Language on Tertiary Level? The Analysis of Students’ Attitude
Authors: Ilgūnaitienė Ramunė Vitalija
Published: April 2021

Lecturers of Vytautas Magnus University Institute of Foreign Languages have noticed that students’ English grammar comprehension as well as their interest and motivation for learning it have dropped significantly. It was decided to carry out the research and find the answers to the topical questions. Do students thoroughly understand the importance of grammar in language acquisition context? What are the factors predisposing the diminishing value of grammar? What is the students’ insight into the grammar teaching/ learning process in level C1? The questionnaire was compiled and on the basis of a comparative – quantitative method the conclusions were drawn that students do not think that grammar plays an important role in learning the English language, they suppose that their grammar competence is sufficient to be fluent in English, thus, there is no need to continue learning grammar in level C1. If we do not make an attempt to solve this problem, it might lead to a dangerous outcome- the level of the English language proficiency may fall down drastically.
Modeling habitat suitability of the Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio) in the Irano-Anatolian biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Ilanloo Sayyad Sheykhi , Ashrafi Sohrab , Shabani Afshin Alizadeh
Published: April 2021

Identifying suitable habitats of species is essential knowledge to conserve them successfully. Human activities causes the reduction of population size and habitat suitability of many species. Red-backed Shrike is a widespread in western Palearctic. However, the population of this specie has declined in its geographical range due to the loss of suitable habitats. Therefore, it is necessary to identify its suitable habitats and factors affecting species habitat suitability and to protect its reduction population size. The aim of the present study was to identify the suitable habitat of the Red-backed Shrike and determine the most important predictors of its suitable habitat in Irano-Anatolian biodiversity hotspot. To achieve this goal, species presence points were first collected and seven environmental variables related to climate, topography and anthropogenic activities, were used to construct the species habitat suitable model. Models were built using five distribution modeling methods: Maxent, GAP, GLM, RF and GBM in sdm package. Then the models were Ensemble from 5 different models and the final model was constructed. The results of this study showed that the most suitable habitats of this species are in the western and northern parts of the area of study. The mean annual temperature with 41% contribution was the most important variable in constructing the habitat suitability model for this specie. In addition, climate variables with 75% contribution were identified as the most important habitat suitability factor for this specie. Also in relation to conservation of the Red-backed Shrike species in the Irano-Anatolian region, it can be stated that the extent of distribution and presence of this specie has been extended to the northern latitudes due to climate change. As a result, the temperature and climate factor should be given special attention in the management of bird habitats in this area.
PENGENALAN EKSPRESI RAUT WAJAH BERBASIS JARINGAN SARAF TIRUAN BACKPROPAGATION DENGAN METODE PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Harizahayu Harizahayu
Published: April 2021

The development of artificial neural networks is related to statistical and biometric analysis which is one of the applications that can require artificial neural network models. Recognition of facial patterns is an important part of identifying a person. The face can be divided into areas such as the nose, eyes and mouth. Face pattern recognition is a research area that can be applied to the principal component analysis (PCA) method. The training process carried out by the eigenface calculation uses PCA and the results of this study show that facial pattern recognition based on the proportion of memorization and generalization for the use of the method without PCA is better than facial pattern recognition using PCA. Pattern recognition without using the PCA method, the level of memorization and generalization reaches 100% at the 40th iteration and 0.0099 error with a learning rate and momentum of 0.8, while facial pattern recognition using the PCA method, the memorization and generalization level reaches 100% in the iteration. to -1000 and error 0.00103 with learning rate and momentum 0.9.
MODEL REGRESI COX UNTUK MENGANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR ASUPAN MAKANAN TERHADAP RISIKO KEKAMBUHAN ENDOMETRIOSIS
Authors: Eliyati Ning , Maiyanti Sri Indra , Dwipurwani Oki , Hamidah Shaly Wanda
Published: April 2021

This research purpose is to analyze the relationship between food intake factors (fruit, soy, milk, caffeine, red meat, garlic, ginger, seafood, cheese, green tea, brown rice, wheat, potatoes, bean sprouts, mustard greens, soft drinks and alcohol) on hazard of  endometriosis recurrence, using the Cox proportional hazard model backward method. The results of the food intake factors that significantly reduced the risk of endometriosis recurrence are fruit 1-4 times/week (p-value 0.01), fruit 5-7 1-4 times/week (p-value 0.08), mustard greens 1-7 times/week (p-value 0.006), bean sprouts 3-7 (p-value 0.007) and seafood times/week. Factors that increase the risk of endometriosis recurrence are consumption of milk 3-4 times/week (p-value 0.004), seafood 1-2 times (p-value 0.00), soy 1-2 times/week (p-value 0.002), and 3-7 times/week (p-value 0.001). Soy consumption 1-2 and 3-7 times/week are likely to relapse 30.3 and 43.9 times compared to soy consumption <1 times/week. Consumption of milk 3-4 times/week has a risk of relapse 24 times compared to consume milk <1 times/week
QUO VADIS KAJIAN MANUSKRIP JAMBI
Authors: Muzakir Ali
Published: April 2021

This paper discusses Jambi’s manuscripts and their potential for study. The manuscripts are not huge. The seminal manuscript has produced since the early Jambi Sultanate in the mid-17th century. Using historical and codicology perspective, this writing analyzes the origins, sources and usingthe manuscript. This research presented that Jambi’s manuscript was emerging along with the dissemination of Islam. The close link that existed between Palembang and Jambi during sultanate had influenced manuscript production.A number of Palembang manuscripts had influenced Jambi.
LITERASI INFORMASI PENGELOLA KOMUNITAS SAHABAT ILMU JAMBI BERDASARKAN STANDAR IFLA
Authors: Hendra Rio Gusma , Dastina Wenny , Rum Muhammad
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine how the ability of Jambi Friends of the Community of Friends in accessing, evaluating and using information. This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach and data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used: data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and data triangulation. Based on the results of the analysis and research findings, the ability of the Jambi Sahabat Community Community Managers to access information based on the IFLA standard is said to be Expert, because it is seen from the manager’s ability to define information needs and to trace information through various sources, such as people who are experts in their fields, from print media: books and newspapers, electronic media: television and mobile phones. The ability of the Friends of the Jambi Friends of the Community in evaluating information based on the IFLA standard is said to be Expert, because it is seen from the ability of the manager to assess information and manage information obtained through clear sources of information, such as books, and internet media, as well as sources from internal community discussions. The ability of the Jambi Friends of the Sahabat Community Community to use information based on the IFLA standard can be said to be Expert, seen from the manager’s ability to use information and communicate information directly in the form of discussion, and indirectly as well as convey information with a simpler and easier to understand delivery
Makna Kultural Mitos Padi Raksasa Dalam Aktivitas Sosial Budaya Masyarakat Desa Pasar Rantau Panjang Kabupaten Merangin
Authors: Prihatini Pipit , Mailinar Mailinar
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang makna mitos padi raksasa dalam aktivitas sosial budaya masyarakat Pasar Rantau Panjang di Merangin, mitos ini di teruskan dari generasi ke generasi dan ditradiskan dalam bentuk ritual. Makna dan proses ritual ini menjadi objek kajian dari penelitian ini. Artikel ini adalah penelitian etnografi dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenalogi, melihat keberadaan mitos padi raksasa dengan sebuah landasan berfikir untuk memahami mitos lewat pandangan pemilik mitos atau pelakunya. Teknik yang digunakan untuk megumpulkan data adalah kajian pustaka, pengamatan terlibat dan wawancara mendalam. Mitos merupakan cerita yang dianggap suci dan sakral yang bertahan pada masyarakat tradisional. Mitos muncul dalam berbagai aktivitas sosial budaya berupa ritual memberikan pesan-pesan moral kepada pendukungnya. Bagi masyarakat Pasar Rantau Panjang mitos padi raksasa bisa dilihat pada aktivitas sistem pertanian bersawah dan diyakini mempunyai makna antara lain adalah representasi dari adanya kekuatan lain diluar dirinya (kekuatan ghaib) yang mengatur kehidupan sosial budaya, sebagai wujud solidaritas sosial sesama warga dan terakhir sebagai sarana untuk meminta pertolongan, perlindungan serta keberkahan
Pilvien kietomat vuoret
Authors: Tähtinen Tero
Published: April 2021

Kiinalainen luontorunous tunnetaan yleisesti hyvin konkreettisesta kuvastostaan. Tässä artikkelissa käsittelen kahden Tang-dynastian (618-907) aikana eläneen runoilijan Wei Yingwun ja Wang Wein runoja, joissa realistinen luontokuvaus murtuu ja antaa tilaa laajemmalle ja monimuotoisemmalle kokemukselle, joka ylittää silkan näkyväisen pinnan. Analyysieni perusteella realistinen luontokokemus voi hälvetä esimerkiksi mielikuvituksen, pilvien kaltaisen yhtä aikaa peittävän ja paljastavan elementin sekä ”tyhjyyden” kokemusten kautta. Aluksi käsittelen runoja, joissa luonnonmaisema sijaitsee runon puhujan mielessä, sitten runoja, joissa todellisuus näyttää hetkellisesti katoavan, ja lopuksi runoja, jotka kurottavat kokonaan olemisen ja olemattomuuden ontologisen rajan tuolle puolen. Runoluentojen myötä pyrin osoittamaan, että perinteinen käsitys kiinalaisen luontorunouden kuvallisesta konkreettisuudesta antaa hyvin rajoittuneen kuvan kiinalaisen runoperinteen poeettisista keinoista ja sisällöistä. Artikkelin teoreettisena viitekehyksenä hyödynnän Liu Xie -nimisen teoreetikon ajatuksia kirjallisen luomistyön prosesseista ja ”henkiajattelun” liikkeistä kirjallisten (mieli)kuvien muotoajana.
Matka kielten ja kirjallisuuksien moninaiseen maailmaan
Authors: Ekberg Laura
Published: April 2021

Arja Nurmi, Saija Isomaa & Päivi Pahta (toim.): Kielten ja kirjallisuuksien mosaiikki: näkökulmina valta, periferia ja arki, Helsinki: SKS, 2019, 338 s.
Visualization Principle in Teaching English Vocabulary to Secondary School Pupils
Authors: Zakharova Liudmila Borisovna , Zakharova Elena Valerievna
Published: April 2021

The research objective includes analysing theoretical foundations of visual aids usage at secondary school English lessons. The paper covers the following issues: the psychological and pedagogical basis of the visualization principle, the role of visual aids in teaching foreign vocabulary. The study focuses on the problem of visual aids usage at different stages of vocabulary work: introducing new lexical units, consolidation of newly acquired vocabulary, active usage of newly acquired words. Scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that the authors propose comprehensive methodology of using visual aids at secondary school English lessons, justify efficiency of visual aids when teaching English vocabulary to secondary school pupils. The research findings are as follows: the methodological conditions promoting efficiency of the English vocabulary acquisition are revealed, the visualization principle is defined as a multifunctional teaching means to stimulate pupils’ intellectual cognitive activity, to raise their motivation for foreign language learning, to form a positive attitude to the academic discipline, and as a leading approach to promote development of language and communication skills.
INVESTIGATING WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR GREEN HOTEL: EFFECT OF DESTINATION IMAGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL BELIEFS
Authors:   Graduate School, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, Vietnam, PHAM Toan Khanh Tran , TRUONG Truc Trung ,   Graduate School, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, Vietnam, QUY Nguyen Le Dinh ,   FPT University, Vietnam
Published: April 2021

The present study proposed a framework in examining the effect of destination image and environmental beliefs on willingness to pay for green hotel (WTP). The purpose of this study is to test these relationships. Additionally, the paper also seeks to establish the role of customer attitude to green hotels as a determinant of the relationships specified in the proposed model. The results supported our overall hypothesis and showed that destination image has the largest direct impact on attitude to green hotel while environmental beliefs have the largest direct effect on willing to pay premium for green hotel. Moreover, attitude to green hotel plays a mediating role between destination image and WTP, environmental beliefs and WTP.
SHOCK METAMORPHISM IN VOLCANIC ROCK DUE TO THE IMPACT OF THE MIGUIR-CAJAS METEORITE IN 1995 AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR ECUADOR
Authors:   Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador, and Universidad de Especialidades Turísticas, Department of Earth Sciences and Construction, Quito, Ecuador, TOULKERIDIS Theofilos , ECHEGARAY-AVEIGA Richard Caleb ,   Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Department of Earth Sciences and Construction, Sangolquí, Ecuador, MARTINEZ-MALDONADO Karen Paola ,   Universidad Nacional de Loja, Loja, Faculty of Energy, Industries andNon-RenewableNatural Resources, Ecuador
Published: April 2021

In the past of the earth several asteroids and meteoroids have been impacted, but most of these collisions have been eroded and today there are only sometimes direct and indirect indications, such as massive extinctions of species in the form of fossils, layers with content of extraterrestrial material among others. Based on our recent reconnaissance in the field in 2017, we have been able to identify a new impact of a meteorite on volcanic rock of the Miocene Tarqui Formation in central Ecuador. We were able to reveal and reconstruct the corresponding trajectory as well as its impact day being in 1995. Based on known impacts in South America, this is the very first to have been impacted on rocks, which would lead to a clear shock metamorphism. This discovery of the impact on a rock may soon be a major tourist attraction of the country due to its accessibility and importance for being unique in Ecuador and on the continent.
Excel: Uma ferramenta estatística
Authors: Ferreira Eliel Alves , Zamperion João Vicente
Published: April 2021

This study aims to present the concepts and methods of statistical analysis using the Excel software, in a simple way aiming at a greater ease of understanding of students, both undergraduate and graduate, from different areas of knowledge. In Excel, mainly Data Analysis Tools will be used. For a better understanding, there are, in this book, many practical examples applying these tools and their interpretations, which are of paramount importance. In the first chapter, it deals with introductory concepts, such as introduction to Excel, the importance of statistics, concepts and definitions. Being that in this will be addressed the subjects of population and sample, types of data and their levels of measurement. Then it brings a detailed study of Descriptive Statistics, where it will be studied percentage, construction of graphs, frequency distribution, measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion. In the third chapter, notions of probability, binomial and normal probability distribution will be studied. In the last chapter, Inferential Statistics will be approached, starting with the confidence interval, going through the hypothesis tests (F, Z and t tests), ending with the statistical study of the correlation between variables and simple linear regression. It is worth mentioning that the statistical knowledge covered in this book can be useful for, in addition to students, professionals who want to improve their knowledge in statistics using Excel.
Estimation of load-carrying ability of pressure adhesive couplings
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University), Lyubchenko M.A. , Ryakhovskiy O.A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University), Vorobyev A.N. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University), Malysheva G.V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University)
Published: April 2021

The experimental test results of glued-mechanical couplings of shaft — bush made with the use of anaerobic sealants are presented. Quantitative estimations of the surface layer quality of the mating parts were obtained that made possible to estimate values of surface waviness of the shaft and the bush. The methodology of the waviness determination of cylindrical couplings is described. The influence of fit on mechanical strength of the shaft — bush coupling depending on properties of a used anaerobic sealant was established.
Hospitalitas Kristen Tentang Diaken dalam Gereja
Authors: paressa widia
Published: April 2021

Diaken dalam gereja adalah dari kata Yunani adalah sebutan bagi pejabat Gereja di samaping Pendeta dan Presbyter atau Penatua jabatan diaken ini biasanya dihubungkan dengan Kisah Para Rasul 6:1-6, yang menceritakan pilihannya tujuh oleh terpandanag oleh Gereja purba untuk meringankan pekerjaan para Rasul dengan melayani khususnya para janda dan orang-orang kekurangan. Istilah diakonos itu sendiri tidak dipakai dalam Kitab Kisah Para Rasul tersebut. Istilah itu dipakai dalam Surat Filipi 1:1 dan 1 Timotius 3:8. Untuk selanjutnya, tugas pengumpuan dan membagikan tersebut menempatkan para diaken dalam kedudukan penting pada kehidupan Gereja. Lebih lanjut lagi, jabatan diaken kurang mendapat perhatian yang semestinya. Dalam Gereja Katolik, para diaken tergolong dalam “klerus” tingkat terbawah dari imamat; mereka membantu uskup dan para imam dapat pelayanan umat. Konsili vatikan II mengaktifkn kembali jabatan diaken tersebut. Dalam bahasa “Yunani non Kristen kata ini digunakan untuk para pejabat yang bertindak atas nama pemerintah, dengan ibawanya, seperti duta besar atau utusan “pembawa berita”. Hermas disebut ‘diaken’ diakonos sebab ia membawa pesan para dewa. Paulus adalah diakonos Allah karena ia menjadi juru bicara-Nya yang dipercaya. Kesamaan dari berbagai fungsi adalah peran mediatifnya.
Rhythmic abilities in humans and non-human animals: A review and recommendations from a methodological perspective
Authors: Bouwer Fleur , Nityananda Vivek , Rouse Andrew A. , Cate Carel ten
Published: April 2021

Rhythmic behavior is ubiquitous in both human and non-human animals, but it is unclear whether the cognitive mechanisms underlying the specific rhythmic behaviors observed in different species are related. Lab experiments combined with highly controlled stimuli and tasks can be very effective in probing the cognitive architecture underlying rhythmic abilities. Rhythmic abilities have been examined in the lab with explicit and implicit perception tasks, and with production tasks, such as sensorimotor synchronization, with stimuli ranging from isochronous sequences of artificial sounds to human music. Here, we provide an overview of experimental findings on rhythmic abilities in human and non-human animals, while critically considering the wide variety of paradigms used. We identify several gaps in what is known about rhythmic abilities. Many bird species have been tested on rhythm perception, but research on rhythm production abilities in the same birds is lacking. In contrast, research in mammals has primarily focused on rhythm production rather than perception. Many experiments also do not differentiate between possible components of rhythmic abilities, such as processing of single temporal intervals, rhythmic patterns, a regular beat, or hierarchical metrical structures. For future research, we suggest a careful choice of paradigm to aid cross-species comparisons, and a critical consideration of the multifaceted abilities that underlie rhythmic behavior.
The Effects of Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy Instruction on Thai EFL Undergraduate Students’ Vocabulary Knowledge and Perceptions
Authors: Raungsawat Nuntiporn , Chumworatayee Tipamas
Published: April 2021

This study mainly examines the effect of Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy (VSS) instruction on students’ vocabulary knowledge. Moreover, it investigates the students’ perceptions towards the implementation of VSS instruction. Thirty-eight Thai EFL undergraduate students majoring in English at a university located in Thailand participated in the study. To determine the students’ vocabulary knowledge before and after the instruction, the vocabulary pretest and posttest were employed. A perception questionnaire and a semi-structured interview were conducted at the end of VSS instruction to elicit the students’ perceptions towards VSS instruction. The paired samples t-test analysis indicates that the students improved short-term vocabulary retention, and they could retain vocabulary learned after VSS instruction. The results from the questionnaire and the semi-structured interview showed that they mostly agreed that VSS instruction assisted them in learning new words, memorizing word meaning, having a chance to choose their own words to learn, sharing words to classmates, working in a group, and realizing the importance of learning new words. The findings will help Thai EFL university students improve their vocabulary learning and generate an innovative body of knowledge regarding vocabulary instruction. Pedagogical implications are also suggested for EFL teachers who want to implement VSS in their vocabulary instruction.
Temporality in epistemic justice
Authors: Valkenburg Govert
Published: April 2021

Democracy requires some sort of exchange of knowledge between holders of different knowledge positions. The concept of epistemic justice brings the ability to know and the right to be recognised as a knowledgeable person under a scheme of justice. It problematises social conditions that potentially compromise the ability to share knowledge and thereby effectuate change and the possibility of being recognised as a knowing subject and being granted access to equitable means of producing knowledge. This paper engages with temporal aspects of epistemic justice. What role do temporalities play in people’s possibilities to create knowledge and the way they create knowledge? What role does time play in the valuation and circulation of knowledges? How do hegemonic conceptions of time potentially make some knowledges circulate more freely than others? Since conceptions of time connect to specific forms of knowledge, hierarchies and speakabilities of temporalities form an immediate correlate of hierarchies of knowledge. By extension, such hierarchies feed into schemes of epistemic justice. Thus, democracy’s duty to emancipate suppressed voices requires emancipating the times from which those suppressed voices speak.
EFL Learners’ and Teachers’ Perception toward the Use of Online Videos in EFL Classes
Authors: Alshraideh Doniazad Sultan
Published: April 2021

This study aims at analyzing the English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ and teachers’ perception toward the use of online videos in EFL classes. The current study used a mixed method to answer the question of the study which is: What is the perception of EFL learners and teachers toward the use of online videos in EFL classes? It includes both quantitative and qualitative techniques, namely a questionnaire and an interview. To get the required data and to answer the question of the study, the researcher collected information by distributing a relevant questionnaire among 120 EFL Saudi female students who are studying English in their preparatory year “Unified Scientific Track” at Taibah University. Their ages range between 18 to 21 years old. The questionnaire of the study consists of 10 items. For the first nine items, Likert Scale is used to let the respondents range the statements on a five- point scale. The tenth item asks the respondents to rate the usefulness of the online video regarding language skills and other aspects. The researcher also conducted an interview with six EFL teachers who teach English language skills in the English Language Centre (ELC) at Taibah University. The responses of the participants showed that the use of online videos is an effective technique and has a positive influence in EFL classes.
The Syntax of Multiple Determination in Arabic: An anti- residual relative clause/close-apposition account
Authors: AlQahtani Saleh Jarallah
Published: April 2021

This paper aims to give an account of the multiple determination (determiner spreading) phenomenon in Arabic. Determiner spreading is the syntactic representation and phonological realization of multiple determiners within the same determiner phrase. As a cross-linguistic phenomenon, determiner spreading has been investigated in other languages (e.g., Scandinavian and Greek); different accounts have been proposed. For Scandinavian languages, determiner spreading has been analyzed as a representation of different semantic interpretations. As far as Greek is concerned, some analyses have been proposed; however, two prominent ones have received considerable attention in the literature: (i) a residue of a reduced relative clause and (ii) an instantiation of close appositions. Contrary to those analyses, this paper claims that none of the two analyses is suitable for Arabic; thus, a language-specific analysis is required. To analyze determiner spreading in Arabic, the current paper posits the following research question: What is the linguistic purpose of the multiple determiners found in Arabic determiner phrases? Answering the research question, the paper claims that, in addition to its indispensable role in establishing agreement between nouns and adjectives within the Arabic determiner phrase, determiner spreading demarcates syntactic and semantic phrase boundaries. The paper takes Minimalist Program and Distributed Morphology as a theoretical framework to argue that attributive adjectives are projection of an agreement phrase headed by the definite article ʔal or by the indefinite phonological marker `nunation: -n’. This proposal requires no syntactic movements in the syntax proper. The ultimate linear order is achieved in the phonological components.
Secular Values, Economic Development, and Gender Inequality in a Global Context
Authors: Hekmatpour Peyman
Published: April 2021

This article investigates how cultural and material factors can explain disparities observed in different forms of gender inequality between and within nations. Using data from multiple sources, I construct a panel dataset that includes 150 country-year observations nested in 70 countries, covering 23 years from 1991 to 2013. Through estimating hybrid panel models, this article discovers that more secular countries have lower maternal mortality ratios, higher female labor force participation rates, greater shares of parliamentary seats held by women, higher rates of women with completed secondary education, and smaller shares of the total population who adhere to inequitable gender attitudes. Moreover, from a longitudinal perspective, secularization is the only predictor of declined maternal mortality ratios and increased female parliamentary representation within a country. Interactive models suggest that further secularization within high-income nations can increase maternal mortality ratios. Furthermore, secularization’s equalizing effect on parliamentary representation moderates as countries become more affluent.
Challenges and Strategies in Teaching Speaking Skills to the Yemeni EFL Learners at Aden University: A Case Study
Authors: Al-Hassaani Abdulbari Mahboob Ahmed , Qaid Abdulkarim Fadhl Mahmood
Published: April 2021

This study focused on Yemeni EFL learners of second-year level, Department of English, College of Education/Saber, Aden University. Yemeni learners started to study English in class seven at the age of about 14, and this is a problem for Yemeni EFL learners. Besides, Yemeni EFL learners’ problems were inadequate syllabus and inappropriate teaching materials of English-speaking skills course. The researchers identified a problem existing in the classroom. The learners in this college faced difficulties in their study of English-speaking skills at Aden University. This was because of their limited background in English. They felt anxiety and fear of making mistakes. The study’s main objective was to examine the difficulties faced by the Yemeni EFL learners in English-speaking skills course at Aden University. The study contributed to finding remedies to the Yemeni EFL learners’ problems in English -speaking skills. It would also help syllabus designers, teaching materials writers, learners, and teachers at Aden University. We conclude that the Yemeni EFL learners need enough time to practice English-speaking skills at Aden University. The current syllabus and teaching materials for teaching English-speaking skills need to be changed and developed to match the learners’ needs in the labor market.
Global Issues in ESP Classroom: Challenges and Opportunities in Higher Education
Authors: Diachkova Yana , Sazhko Lilia , Shevchenko Liudmyla , Syzenko Anastasiia
Published: April 2021

In English for Specific Purposes, one of the challenges is to transform teaching and learning into a process, which focuses on the development of professional skills, enables students to become successful learners of the target language, and makes them more aware of the local and global environments. This paper aims to analyse key challenges that teachers and learners face in the classrooms and suggest a way of integrating global issues into the process of development of professional soft and hard skills. The paper studies the existing ESP literature in terms of presence of global issues, explores the perceptions of global issues among university students in Ukraine, outlines the correlation between professional skills and global competence. The findings suggest that there are numerous advantages of introducing materials based on global issues into the teaching process as it has synergetic effect of fusing professional skills, soft skills and global competence. The paper concludes that this fusion improves the skill set of a future professional and has a positive impact on the quality of higher education in general.
THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTED FACTORS ON THE AT-RISK-OF-POVERTY RATE OF SLOVAK HOUSEHOLDS
Authors:   University of Economics in Bratislava, Faculty of Economic and Informatics, Dolnozemská cesta 1, Slovakia, Glaser-Opitzová Helena , Vojtková Mária ,   University of Economics in Bratislava, Faculty of Economic and Informatics, Dolnozemská cesta 1, Slovakia
Published: April 2021

Since the goal of any advanced society is to reduce poverty and improve the social status of the population, it is important to know the causes of its emergence. In connection with Slovakia's membership in the European Union, we have taken over European legislation in this area. The Europe 2020 strategy is currently in force in the countries of the European Union, while one of its five main objectives is "Fight against poverty and social exclusion". Poverty research is undoubtedly a topical, multidimensional problem. One of the issues it focuses on is the so-called income poverty. The poverty line is considered to be 60% of the median national equivalent disposable household income. In order for assistance to those at risk to be truly targeted at those who need it most, it is necessary to map the situation in detail and identify the factors that have the greatest impact on the incidence of poverty. In our paper, the subject of analysis will be the quantification of the influence of selected factors from The European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) database on the at-risk-of-poverty rate in Slovak households. The at-risk-of-poverty rate represents the proportion of people (in percent) in the whole population, whose equivalent disposable income is below the at-risk-of-poverty line. We will verify the impact of selected factors on the at-risk-of-poverty rate using a logistic regression model in the SAS Enterprise Guide statistical tool.
INITIAL THOUGHTS OF COVID-19 UNEXPECTED CONSEQUENCES FOR TOURISM
Authors:   Transilvania University of Brașov, Faculty of Sociology and Communication, Department of Social Sciences and Comunication, Eroilor Blvd., no. 25, Brasov City, Brasov County, Romania, Briciu Arabela , Briciu Victor-Alexandru ,   Transilvania University of Brașov, Faculty of Sociology and Communication, Department of Social Sciences and Comunication, Eroilor Blvd., no. 25, Brasov City, Brasov County, Romania, Csiki Andrea-Eniko ,   M.A. Student in Human Resources Management and Development, Transilvania University of Brașov, Romania
Published: April 2021

This paper addresses some initial scientific points of view about the new topic regarding the Coronavirus influence known until now and the objective is to reveal some unexpected consequences of the virus for tourism. The research aims to present the impact that the virus had on travel blogs from Romania. Because the tourism sector has been and still is affected due to this virus we decided to analyse travel blogs from a comparative perspective, more precisely, the articles posted in 2019, in March-May, and those of this year. The novelty element that the paper brings is represented by the impact of the virus determined on the content generated by travel bloggers, and in Romanian research, there is a small number of such studies, focused on travel blogs.
EVIDENCE OF INTRADAY MULTIFRACTALITY IN BRIC STOCK MARKETS: AN ECONOPHYSICS APPROACH
Authors:   Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais – Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Portugal & CEFAGE, Universidade de Évora, Portugal, Dias Rui , Heliodoro Paula ,   Escola Superior de Ciências Empresarias – Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Portugal, Alexandre Paulo ,   Escola Superior de Ciências Empresarias – Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Portugal, Manuel Maria ,   Escola Superior de Ciências Empresarias – Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Portugal
Published: April 2021

The pandemic outbreak (Covid-19) has affected the global economy, and the impact on financial markets seems inevitable. In view of these events, this essay intends to analyse the efficiency, in its weak form, in the BRIC markets, namely the stock indexes of Brazil (BRAZIL IBOVESPA), China (Shanghai Stock Exchange), India (S&P BSE SENSEX), Russia (MOEX Russia). The data are intraday (1 hour), from May 2019 to May 2020; to obtain more robust results, we divided the sample into time scales up to 5 days (Period I), and above 10 days (Period II), in a complementary way, and we use the opening and closing prices to estimate the adjustment time of each market. The results indicate that the BRIC markets have significant persistence (over 10 days), which may jeopardize market efficiency, in its weak form. On the other hand, the low initial correlation in certain stock indexes may create some arbitrage opportunities. However, our study did not analyse anomalous meturns in these financial markets. These conclusions also open space for market regulators to take measures to ensure better information between these markets and international ones.
Торгово-экономическое сотрудничество между Монголией и Россией. К 100-летию установления дипломатических отношений между Монголией и Россией
Authors: Хасар Данаажав
Published: April 2021

Доклад посвящен значению и основным тендениям торгово-экономичекого сотрудничества между Монголией и Россией и подготовлен в связи со 100-летием установления дипломатических отношений между странами.
Регрессионная модель инвестиций в основной капитал с динамическими структурными параметрами
Authors: Панков Н. Н.
Published: April 2021

В статье рассматривается метод построения регрессионных моделей, когда значения параметров являются переменными величинами. Использование данного метода иллюстрируется на примере модели инвестиций в основной капитал. В качестве переменных использованы показатели развития различных отраслей экономики Республики Беларусь. Автором в процессе анализа выбрано уравнение, наиболее точно отражающее взаимосвязи между показателями, и сделан прогноз на 2020 год.
Основные направления инвестирования в финансовом бизнесе
Authors: Рзабеков Джахангир Ильхам оглы
Published: April 2021

В современных условиях финансовый бизнес является движущим механизмом коммерческой деятельности большинства крупных компаний и достигается это не столько за счёт спекулирования уже существующими инструментами финансового рынка, но и эмиссией новых. Целью написания научной статьи является выявление основных и самых эффективных направлений инвестирования средств, выявление их преимуществ и недостатков.
Food Experiences and Dietary Patterns of International Students at a Canadian University
Authors: Pilli Bhanu , Slater Joyce
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Postsecondary students who move to a new country to continue their education experience a drastic shift in food landscape, often resulting in unhealthy dietary adaptations.

Methods: This mixed-method study explored the eating experiences and dietary patterns of 30 international students attending a Canadian university. Data were collected through focus groups that were analyzed thematically and dietary records analyzed for compliance with Canada’s Food Guide for Healthy Living (2007).

Results: Results showed that many participants want to maintain home country food traditions, yet their new independent living status and novel food environments led to changes in dietary habits. Limited food skills, busy schedules, reduced access to familiar foods, and fast-food environments contributed to unhealthy eating patterns. These perceptions were reflected in the high consumption of “other”, less nutritious foods and low servings of fruits and vegetables, milk products and alternatives, and grain products.

Conclusions: These findings show that international university students face dual challenges of transitioning into independent living without sufficient food skills and family supports, and exposure to unfamiliar and unhealthy food environments. Resources need to be developed for newly enrolled international students that emphasize food awareness, food skills, and healthy eating habits.
Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Traumatic Intracranial Hematomas in Young Children
Authors: Larkin Igor Ivanovich , Larkin Igor Ivanovich , Ivanovich Larkin Valeriy , Petrovich Milcharek Tadeush , Yurievna Vegner Svetlana , Petrovich Koshman Igor
Published: April 2021

Objective: To improve the treatment of young children with traumatic intracranial hematomas by improving the diagnosis and use of minimally invasive surgical methods based on calculations of the intracranial hematoma volume index (VICH).
Subjects and Methods: An analysis of the clinical course as well as the surgical treatment of 111 patients was carried out. The patients were under the age of 3, with severe traumatic brain injury, and formation of intracranial hematomas. The children were treated at the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery of the City Children’s Clinical Hospital No.3 in Omsk, Russia, from 2008 to 2018. Three groups were identified: Group A - children with epidural hematomas (n=30), Group B - children with subdural hematomas (n=43), Group C - children with multiple hematomas (n=38). The volume index of intracranial hematomas (VICH) was calculated, and the surgical tactics were determined based on the value of the VICH.
Results: Children with a VICH less than 2% received conservative treatments. Those with a VICH from 2 to 4% were treated with minimally invasive methods (puncture, drainage). Children with VICH above 4% underwent decompressive surgery.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of the developed differentiated tactics of treatment of young children with traumatic intracranial hematomas (ICH) is characterized by a decrease in the risk of an unfavourable outcome by 74.2% and mortality by 1.2%.
APRESENTAÇÃO. África em Língua Portuguesa: Variação no Português Africano e Expressões Literárias
Authors: Timbane Alexandre António , Balsalobre Sabrina Rodrigues Garcia
Published: April 2021

Vivemos num mundo globalizado, cheio de inovações em todas as esferas da sociedade desafiando, assim, a interdisciplinaridade no espaço acadêmico-científico. Neste volume coloca-se em debate a variação linguística do português (4 capítulos) e a literatura palopiana (6 capítulos) que se entrosam criando um diálogo harmonioso. Assim sendo, observa-se que a língua portuguesa falada em África se distancia, paulatinamente da variedade europeia e apresenta características linguísticas próprias em nível fonético-fonológico, sintático, semântico, lexical e pragmático. A literatura ‘palopiana’ adquire cada vez mais identidade própria, fazendo surgir uma literatura genuinamente africana com características próprias. Essa tendência é comprovada através de vários estudos que serão aqui representados.
Apresentação
Authors: Montalvão Sarmento Cristina , Oliveira Patrícia
Published: April 2021

A língua portuguesa é um património complexo na sua diversidade de culturas e manifestações. A singularidade da língua portuguesa pode ser, por isso, facilmente vertida num sentido plural e amplo, refletindo os seus desvios, as acomodações e especificidades locais, a distribuição e riqueza de um património linguístico, afinal, comum e fundamental para a compreensão do sentido de comunidade, de justiça e de inclusão. A AULP e a revista RILP são, por isso, um mesmo espaço privilegiado e testemunhos desse património em constante mutação e constrangimento.
One hundred years of neurosurgery: contributions of American women
Authors: Corley Jacquelyn , Kim Eliana , Philips Chris Ann , Stippler Martina , Parr Ann M. , Sweet Jennifer , Rosseau Gail
Published: April 2021

The end of the first 100 years of any endeavor is an appropriate time to look back and peer forward. As neurosurgery celebrates its 1st century as a specialty, the increasing role of women neurosurgeons is a major theme. This article documents the early women pioneers in neurosurgery. The contributions of these trailblazers to the origins, academics, and professional organizations of neurosurgery are highlighted. The formation of Women in Neurosurgery in 1989 is described, as is the important role this organization has played in introducing and promoting talented women in the profession. Contributions of women neurosurgeons to academic medicine and society as a whole are briefly highlighted. Contemporary efforts and initiatives indicate future directions in which women may lead neurosurgery in its 2nd century.