bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gyöngysor-dramaturgia
Authors: Patonay Anita
Published: August 2022

This paper introduces the children’s theatre created in 1978 on the Microscope Stage under Péter Levente’s leadership and analyses the form and style of the children’s performances connected to the performance space. The ‘string of pearls’ dramaturgy developed here and refined by dramaturg Ildikó Döbrentey centred on ‘acting together’, on moderated coexistence. The subject of this paper is exploring this method.
Correlação entre diversidade genética e diversidade de espécies (SGDC)
Authors: Silva Filha Camila Maria Ribeiro da , Ricardo Aliane D’Oliveira , Braga-Ferreira Ramilla dos Santos , Telles Mariana Pires de Campos , Diniz Filho José Alexandre Felizola
Published: August 2022

A Correlação entre Diversidade Genética e Diversidade de Espécies (SGDC, sigla do inglês Species-Genetic Diversity Correlation) é uma abordagem de Genética de Comunidades que tem por finalidade investigar e quantificar a correlação entre a diversidade genética e a diversidade de espécies que, sob a influência de fatores ambientais, moldam os padrões de biodiversidade dentro das comunidades. A biodiversidade é didaticamente dividida em três níveis hierárquicos, diversidade de comunidades (ou ecossistemas), diversidade de espécies e diversidade genética (ou de genes). Tradicionalmente, a diversidade genética é estudada pela Genética de Populações, enquanto a diversidade de espécies, também conhecida como riqueza de espécies, fica a cargo da Ecologia de Comunidades. Dessa forma, as pesquisas de SGDCs consistem em abordagens interdisciplinares, que aplicam, simultaneamente, conceitos de Genética e Ecologia estabelecendo uma ponte com a Evolução para a interpretação dos fenômenos naturais estudados.
Integrated view of population genetics
Authors: Maia Rafael Trindade , Campos Magnólia de Araújo
Published: August 2022

A genética de populações é um ramo da biologia que visa compreender a mudança e distribuição da frequência de alelos decorrente de quatro fenômenos evolutivos: mutação, fluxo gênico, deriva genética e seleção natural, sendo essencial para o entendimento de processos de adaptação ao ambiente e especiação.
भतरा जनजाति क े पर ंपरागत चिकित्सा पद्धति एव ं स्वास्थ्य का मानवशास्त्रीय अध्ययन
Authors: मिश्रा आन ंद  म ुति र् , द ेवा ंगन शारदा
Published: August 2022

परम्परागत चिकित्सा प्रणाली मानव के ज्ञान द्वारा अर्जित चिकित्सा की ऐसी विधि है जो कई पीढि ़यों
से चली आ रही है। जिसके प्रयोग से मन ुष्य कई प्रकार के असाध्य रोगों का उपचार करन े में समर्थ
रहा है। आदिवासियों का जीवन मुख्यतः जंगलों पर आश्रित रहा है। मन ुष्य शुरूआत से ही अपन े
भोजन, आश्रय और चिकित्सा के लिए प्रकृति पर ही निर्भर रहा है। वत र्मान में चिकित्सा प्रणाली में अंतर
होने के उपरांत भी चिकित्सा पद्धंतियो का आधारभूत उद ेश्य मन ुष्य के स्वास्थ्य तथा कल्याण की
कामना ही हैं। समाज में स्वास्थ्य व्यक्ति उत्तम स्वास्थ्य की कामना करता है, तथा रोग मुक्ति की
लालसा करता है । जनजातीय समापन में आज भी चिकित्सा पद्धति जीवित एंव सक्रिय है तथा व्यापक
पैमान े पर आज भी इसका उपयोग होता ही है। वत र्मान शोध का उद ्ेश्य भतरा जनजाति मे परम्परागत
चिकित्सा पद्धिति तथा उनके स्वास्थ्य के स्तर का पता लगाना है। प्रस्त ुत शोध में तथ्यों का संग्रह करन े
के लिए बस्तर जिले में द ैव निद र्शन विधि के माध्यम से 81 भतरा परिवारों का चयन कर साक्षात्कार
एव ं समुह चर्चा एव ं अवलोकन के माध्यम से प्राथमिक तथ्यों का संकलन किया गया है। उपर्युक्त
विश्लेषण से स्पष्ट होता है कि स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं के होते हुये भी जनजातीय लोग आज भी बीमार
होने पर सर्वप्रथम सिरहा गुनिया के पास जात े है इसके पश्चात वो डॉक्टर के पास अपना इलाज
करवाते है इससे कभी-कभी उनको गंभीर पर ेशनियों का सामना करना पडता है।
Depression and Perceived Quality of Life in Youths
Authors: Sonakar Ram Prasad , Singh Jay
Published: August 2022

Today depression is a major problem of human life which produced various adjustment related problems in day to day life. 5% depressive patients are in India (Indian academy of clinical psychology, 2000) and Depression will be most factor of death un till 2019 (Marray and Lopez, 1996). Present study examined the depression level is effected perceived quality of life of male and female adults. Sample consists of 60 adults (30 males and
30 females) for the age range of 21-40 years. Sample was selected across Varanasi district
by purposive sampling technique. The subjects were selected from middle socio-economic
status that was decided by their monthly income and they were educated at least high
school level. All the subjects were assessed on Depression Scale (Karim and Tiwari, 1986)
and P.G.I Quality of Life Scale ( Moudgil, Verma and Kaur, 1998). On the bases of data
analysis it was found that male perceived high depression as comparison to female and
there is no significant difference between male and female on quality of life. It is also
found that there is significant negative correlation between depression and quality of life
of male and female adults.
Quality of Life of Elderly People in Changing Family Scenario
Authors: Singh Reena , Singh Rajendra
Published: August 2022

Old age has been topic of huge discussion for those who have reached it and a source
of speculation for those who have not. With the changing dynamics of family structure the
position and mind set of the elderly has also changed. The lack of interest in competing
with others, lack of motivation to do things and the tendency to reminisce in past thoughts,
motivates them to develop “old age complex”. As the traditional families are rapidly
disappearing even in rural areas, people are migrating towards urban setup. The geriatric
population is left behind due to migration, urbanization, industrialization and globalization
giving rise to the “empty nest syndrome”. At this juncture; family and social support plays
a crucial role in the lives of aged individuals. It is an extremely significant resource as they
age. Social support also contributes towards wellbeing and sense of self worth and positive
affect. Inclusive reviews signify the importance of social support in changing family scenario
towards quality of life among elderly.
A Comparative study of adjustment betweenv Urban and Rural Students
Authors: Sonber Basant Kumar , Dewangan Rakhi
Published: August 2022

The present study is designed to explore whether a significant difference between the adjustment ability in students living in rural and urban sessions. It is hypothesized that there would be found no significant differences between both the particular arias.To conduct the present study tow higher secondary government schools situated in different resident area were selected from Rajnandgaon district of Chhattisgarh state. The first resident area was rural and second was urban. 20-20 students of both the
schools were taken randomly. All students of both the schools were boys and studding in
the same standard class 10th. Adjustment test of AKP Sinha and AP Singh is used as a
tool to assess the adjustment ability of the students. Data was analyzed to use the t- test
between the mean adjustment score of rural and urban students. Finding of this study
shows that there is a significant difference between adjustment ability of urban and
rural resident student. Urban student were found more able to adjust themselves than
rural student.
Gender analysis of Self-esteem and Academic Performance of College Students in Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
Authors: OMOLOLU SUBAIR PETER
Published: August 2022

The study investigated the influence of self-esteem on academic performance of male and female college students and established relationships between self-esteem and academic performance. Specifically, it described the demographic characteristics of students and analysed the relationship between self-esteem and students’ attitude of male and female college students in the study area. Descriptive correlation type of research designed was used to sample 36 male and 66 females with the use of Krecie and Margan (1970) sample size formula. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection and the response rate was about 85.7%. Data collected were described with frequency counts, percentages, mean and standard deviation while the t-statistic in regression was used for data analysis. Among the results, it was found that more female enrolment was recorded in the study area. Respondents were found in their adolescent ages and students with the required experience were sampled for the study. It was found that self-esteem never influenced the academic performance of the male students but it did for the female because their perception had influence on their self-esteem. Therefore, any intervention that will be geared towards improving academic performance of male and female students must be based on their self-esteem with the use of gender less. This will allow stakeholders’ interventions to produce desired effects. Parents and government should design programs that will attract and encourage more male enrolment and work on improving their self-esteem through counselling unit of the College.
Arquitectura y transparencia. Correspondencias literarias recientes
Authors: Parra-Bañón José Joaquín
Published: August 2022

En los últimos años se han publicado en castellano no pocos libros, ensayos o novelas, crónicas o breviarios, que directa o indirectamente se han ocupado de las circunstancias de la transparencia y sus injerencias en la arquitectura contemporánea. De entre las novedades literarias, en este texto se indaga en algunas de las hipótesis que acerca de las relaciones entre el concepto de transparencia y la noción de arquitectura están presentes en, entre otros: El gran misterio (Aira); Ventana a la nada (Cioran) y Cada día es un árbol que cae (Wittkop), además de en Arquitectura de rayos X (Colomina) y Escritos sobre la invisibilidad (Muñoz). De su análisis pormenorizado y comparatista se deduce que el interés por estudiar los vínculos íntimos entre la fenomenología de la arquitectura y las condiciones de lo transparente no solo no ha perdido vigencia sino que está en pleno auge, y que es un asunto cuya resolución y abordaje disciplinar aún está pendiente de ser llevado a cabo por la teoría arquitectónica.
Die Zeit selbst lag nun tot darnieder: Die Stadt Assiut und ihre Nekropolen nach westlichen Reiseberich- ten des 17. bis 19. Jahrhunderts. Konstruktion, Destruktion und Rekonstruktion. By Jochem Kahl
Authors: Theis Christoffer
Published: August 2022

Die Zeit selbst lag nun tot darnieder: Die Stadt Assiut und ihre Nekropolen nach westlichen Reiseberich- ten des 17. bis 19. Jahrhunderts. Konstruktion, Destruktion und Rekonstruktion. By Jochem Kahl. The Asyut Project, vol. 5. Wiesbaden: Harrasso-witz Verlag, 2013. Pp. x + 438 + *162, illus. €68.
Tracking the Master Scribe: Revision through Introduction in Biblical and Mesopotamian Literature. By Sara J. Milstein
Authors: Person Raymond
Published: August 2022

Tracking the Master Scribe: Revision through Introduction in Biblical and Mesopotamian Literature.

By Sara J. Milstein. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xviii + 241. $99.
Mystics of al-Andalus: Ibn Barrajān and Islamic Thought in the Twelfth Century. By Yousef Casewit
Authors: Ebstein Michael
Published: August 2022

The Mystics of al-Andalus: Ibn Barrajān and Islamic Thought in the Twelfth Century. By Yousef Casewit. Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. Pp. xvi + 353. $100, £95.
Latin Translation of the Qurʾān (1518/1621): Commissioned by Egidio da Viterbo. Critical Edition and Case Study. By Katarzyna K. Starczewska
Authors: Alastair Hamilton
Published: August 2022

Latin Translation of the Qurʾān (1518/1621): Commissioned by Egidio da Viterbo. Critical Edition and Case Study. By Katarzyna K. Starczewska. Diskurse der Arabistik, vol. 24. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2018. Pp. cxxiv + 828, illus. €138.
Sūkṣmāgama: Volume III, Chapters 54 to 85. Critical Edition. By S. Sambandhaśivācarya, B. Dagens, M.-L. Barazer-Billoret, and T. Ganesan with the collaboration of J.-M. Creisméas
Authors: Davis Richar H.
Published: August 2022

Sūkṣmāgama: Volume III, Chapters 54 to 85. Critical Edition. By S. Sambandhaśivācarya, B. Dagens, M.-L. Barazer-Billoret, and T. Ganesan with the collaboration of J.-M. Creisméas. Collection Indologie, vol. 114.3. Pondichéry: institut FranCçais de Pondichéry, 2018. Pp. cxcviii + 348.
Daily Life in Ancient China. By Poo Mu-chou
Authors: Loewe Michael
Published: August 2022

Daily Life in Ancient China. By Poo Mu-chou. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Pp. xviii + 258. £71.99 (cloth); £23.99 (paper).
Islam and the Rule of Justice: Image and Reality in Muslim Law and Culture. By Lawrence Rosen
Authors: Hussin Iza
Published: August 2022

Islam and the Rule of Justice: Image and Reality in Muslim Law and Culture. By Lawrence Rosen. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2018. Pp. xi + 279. $105 (cloth); $35 (paper and ebook).
Neunzehn Alte Gedichte (Gushi shijiu shou 古詩十九首) aus der Han-Zeit. By Manfred W. Frühauf
Authors: Richter Antje
Published: August 2022

Neunzehn Alte Gedichte (Gushi shijiu shou 古詩十九首) aus der Han-Zeit. By Manfred W. Frühauf. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2019. Pp. x + 369. €58 (paper and e-book).
Ausgrabungen und Forschungen in der westlichen Oberstadt von Ḫattuša II. Edited by Andreas Schachner
Authors: Beckman Gary
Published: August 2022

Ausgrabungen und Forschungen in der westlichen Oberstadt von Ḫattuša II. Edited by Andreas Schachner. Boğazköy-Ḫattuša, Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen, vol. 25. Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 2017. Pp. xi + 401, illus., 2 plans. €129 .95.
Cambridge History of Science, vol. 1, Ancient Science. Edited by Alexander Jones and Liba Taub
Authors: Morgan Daniel Patrick
Published: August 2022

The Cambridge History of Science, vol. 1, Ancient Science. Edited by Alexander Jones and Liba Taub. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Pp. xix + 642. $160.
How Old Is the Hebrew Bible? By Ronald Hendel and Jan Joosten
Authors: Rendsburg Gary A.
Published: August 2022

How Old Is the Hebrew Bible? By Ronald Hendel and Jan Joosten. The Anchor Yale Bible Reference Library. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2019. Pp. xvi + 221. $45.
Christian Martyrs under Islam: Religious Violence and the Making of the Muslim World. By Christian C. Sahner
Authors: Cook David
Published: August 2022

Christian Martyrs under Islam: Religious Violence and the Making of the Muslim World. By Christian C. Sahner. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2018. Pp. xxi + 335, illus. $39.95, £34 (cloth); $27.95, £22 (paper).
Effects of Casting Methods over the Composition Stability of the Dental Casting Alloy
Authors: Joshi Shubha , Sanyal Pronob Kumar , Patil Jyotsna Arun
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Alloys with high nickel content have been increasingly used for dental prostheses. The dental casting machines are regularly used to make dental restorations. The effects of the casting of the base metal alloys using actyleneoxygen flame casting machine and induction casting machine has not much been studied. Aim: To estimate nickel, chromium, cobalt, and molybdenum metals from as-received dental casting alloy of three different brands and to estimate metals from these alloys after fabrication of crown using actylene-oxygen flame casting machine and induction casting machine. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro comparative study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics at School of Dental Sciences, KIMSDU, Karad, Maharashtra, India. Total of 15 crowns were fabricated using actylene-oxygen flame casting machine and 15 crowns by induction casting machine from three different brands of Dental Casting Alloys (DCA) by lost wax technique. Elemental estimation was done for the asreceived pellets and for the crowns fabricated by both methods using X-ray Florescence spectrometry (XRF). Unpaired t-test was used for data analysis. Results: Nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) levels in crowns fabricated by both actylene-oxygen flame casting and Induction casting technique were significantly decreased (Ni: -2.01% to -5.14%, Cr:-7.35% to -29.51% and Mo: -15.70% to -95.94%) in all brands of dental casting alloys. Cobalt level was not detected in all three brands of fabricated crowns by XRF by either of the casting methods. Conclusion: These observations indicate that the elemental composition of the fabricated crowns is decreased as compared to that of As-received crowns, which could be due to the burnout of some amount of elements during casting.
Rosa
Authors: Sax Paul E.
Published: August 2022

In this narrative medicine essay, an infectious diseases physician tells of the painful decision he and his wife made after hearing the news that a twin fetus had severe cardiac abnormalities.
MoS2 Transistor with Weak Fermi Level Pinning via MXene Contacts
Authors: Chen Ruo‐Si , Ding Guanglong , Feng Zihao , Zhang Shi‐Rui , Mo Wen‐Ai , Han Su‐Ting , Zhou Ye
Published: August 2022

The quality of the contact between source/drain electrodes and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides plays a decisive role in improving transistor performance. Understanding the mechanisms of Fermi level pinning (FLP) and finding out the strategies to solve FLP problems can further promote the development of 2D electronics. In this study, the suppressing effect of MXene on FLP in MoS2 transistors by using Ti3C2Tx as an electrode to build a Ti3C2Tx‐MoS2 heterostructure is systematically studied. A simple and time‐saving ultraviolet ozone technique to tune the work function of the Ti3C2Tx electrode in the range of 4.33–5.32 eV is proposed, and a low Schottky barrier height of 121 meV is achieved. The van der Waals contact between Ti3C2Tx and MoS2 can alleviate the FLP effectively, and the pinning factor can be greatly optimized from 0.28 (metal electrode) to 0.87 (MXene electrode). This study can pave the way for extensive use of MXene and provide a new strategy to eliminate the negative effects of FLP in 2D materials‐based electronic devices.
Phonon‐Dominated Energy Transport in Purely Metallic Heterostructures
Authors: Herzog Marc , von Reppert Alexander , Pudell Jan‐Etienne , Henkel Carsten , Kronseder Matthias , Back Christian H. , Maznev Alexei A. , Bargheer Matias
Published: August 2022

Ultrafast X‐ray diffraction is used to quantify the transport of energy in laser‐excited nanoscale gold–nickel (Au–Ni) bilayers. Electron transport and efficient electron–phonon coupling in Ni convert the laser‐deposited energy in the conduction electrons within a few picoseconds into a strong non‐equilibrium between hot Ni and cold Au phonons at the bilayer interface. Modeling of the subsequent equilibration dynamics within various two‐temperature models confirms that for ultrathin Au films, the thermal transport is dominated by phonons instead of conduction electrons because of the weak electron–phonon coupling in Au.
Spleen‐Targeted Glabridin‐Loaded Nanoparticles Regulate Polarization of Monocyte/Macrophage (Mo/Mφ) for the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Li Shiyong , Wang Ye , Wu Miaojin , Younis Muhsin H. , Olson Aeli P. , Barnhart Todd E. , Engle Jonathan W. , Zhu Xingen , Cai Weibo
Published: August 2022

During cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion (I‐R) injury, the infiltration of monocyte/macrophages (Mo/Mφ) into the ischemic penumbra causes inflammatory damage but also regulates tissue repair in the penumbra. The regulation and balance of Mo/Mφ polarization is considered as a potential therapeutic target for treating cerebral I‐R injury. Herein, these findings demonstrate that glabridin (Gla)‐loaded nanoparticles (i.e., NPGla‐5k) can effectively inhibit M1‐polarization and enhance M2‐polarization of Mo/Mφ. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging shows that NPGla‐5k can selectively accumulate in the spleen following intravenous injection. Spleen‐targeted Cy5‐NPGla‐5k can co‐localize with peripheral macrophages in the penumbra at 24 h after tail‐vein injection. Interestingly, NPGla‐5k treatment can reduce inflammatory damage, protect dying neurons, and improve nervous system function. The protective effect of spleen‐targeted NPGla‐5k against cerebral I‐R injury in mice encourages an exploration of their use for clinical treatment of patients with cerebral I‐R injury.
Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of β‐Ketoesters and Successive Reactions in One‐Flow using Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Kandasamy Mohanraj , Ishitani Haruro , Kobayashi(s) Shū
Published: August 2022

A continuous‐flow procedure for the synthesis of β‐ketoesters has been developed through Roskamp reaction between aldehydes and diazoesters in the presence of a Sn‐MCM‐41 catalyst. The viability of this methodology was confirmed with a range of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes with diazoesters and provided good to excellent yields. Catalyst activity was tested over three days (84 hours) of operation, and the yield of the desired β‐ketoester was maintained between 73 to 89%. The prepared β‐ketoesters were smoothly transformed into coumarin derivatives and 5‐pyrazolone through condensation reactions in a sequential flow.

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Direct Dry Synthesis of Supported Bimetallic Catalysts: A Study on Comminution and Alloying of Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: De Bellis Jacopo , Petersen Hilke , Ternieden Jan , Pfänder Norbert , Weidenthaler Claudia , Schüth Ferdi
Published: August 2022

Ball milling is growing increasingly important as an alternative synthetic tool to prepare catalytic materials. It was recently observed that supported metal catalysts could be directly obtained upon ball milling from the coarse powders of metal and oxide support. Moreover, when two compatible metal sources are simultaneously subjected to the mechanochemical treatment, bimetallic nanoparticles are obtained. A systematic investigation was extended to different metals and supports to understand better the mechanisms involved in the comminution and alloying of metal nanoparticles. Based on this, a model describing the role of metal‐support interactions in the synthesis was developed. The findings will be helpful for the future rational design of supported metal catalysts via dry ball milling.
Total Synthesis of the Tetracyclic Pyridinium Alkaloid epi‐Tetradehydrohalicyclamine B
Authors: Dalling Andrew G. , Späth Georg , Fürstner Alois
Published: August 2022

The first total synthesis of a tetracyclic marine pyridinium alkaloid hinged on recent advances in chemoselectivity management: While many classical methods failed to afford the perceptively simple pyridine‐containing core of the target, nickel/iridium photoredox dual catalysis allowed the critical C−C bond to be formed in good yield. Likewise, ring closing alkyne metathesis (RCAM) worked well in the presence of the unhindered pyridine despite the innately Lewis acidic Mo(+6) center of the alkylidyne catalyst. Finally, an iridium catalyzed hydrosilylation was uniquely effective in reducing a tertiary amide without compromising an adjacent pyridine and the lateral double bonds; this transformation is largely without precedent. The second strained macrocycle enveloping the core was closed by intramolecular N‐alkylation with formation of the pyridinium unit; the reaction proceeded site‐ and chemoselectively in the presence of an a priori more basic tertiary amine.
On Demand Flow Platform for the Generation of Anhydrous Dinitrogen Trioxide and Its Further Use inN‐Nitrosative Reactions
Authors: Chen Yuesu , Renson Sébastien , Monbaliu Jean‐Christophe M.
Published: August 2022

Dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3) is a powerful and efficient nitrosating agent that comes with an unprecedented atom economy. However, the synthetic application of N2O3is still underdeveloped mostly due to its inherent instability and the lack of reliable protocols for its preparation. This paper presents an open‐source setup and procedure for the on‐demand generation of anhydrous N2O3solution (up to 1 M), which can be further used for reactions under batch and flow conditions. The accuracy and stability of N2O3concentration are guaranteed with the absence of head‐space in the setup and with the synchronization of the gas flows. The reliability of this protocol is demonstrated by >30 worked examples in the nitrosative synthesis of heterocycles—a library of structurally diverse benzotriazoles and sydnones. Kinetic and mechanistic aspects of theN‐nitrosative steps are also explored.
Caveolin‐1 influences mitochondrial plasticity and function in hepatic stellate cell activation
Authors: Ilha Mariana , Meira Martins Leo A. , da Silveira Moraes Ketlen , Dias Camila K. , Thomé Marcos P. , Petry Fernanda , Rohden Francieli , Borojevic Radovan , Trindade Vera M. T. , Klamt Fábio , Barbé‐Tuana Florência , Lenz Guido , Guma Fátima C. R.
Published: August 2022

Caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) is an integral membrane protein present in all organelles, responsible for regulating and integrating multiple signals as a platform. Mitochondria are extremely adaptable to external cues in chronic liver diseases, and expression of Cav‐1 may affect mitochondrial flexibility in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. We previously demonstrated that exogenous expression of Cav‐1 was sufficient to increase some classical markers of activation in HSCs. Here, we aimed to evaluate the influence of exogenous expression and knockdown of Cav‐1 on regulating the mitochondrial plasticity, metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐mitochondria distance, and lysosomal activity in HSCs. To characterize the mitochondrial, lysosomal morphology, and ER‐mitochondria distance, we perform transmission electron microscope analysis. We accessed mitochondria and lysosomal networks and functions through a confocal microscope and flow cytometry. The expression of mitochondrial machinery fusion/fission genes was examined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Total and mitochondrial cholesterol content was measured using Amplex Red. To define energy metabolism, we used the Oroboros system in the cells. We report that GRX cells with exogenous expression or knockdown of Cav‐1 changed mitochondrial morphometric parameters, OXPHOS metabolism, ER‐mitochondria distance, lysosomal activity, and may change the activation state of HSC. This study highlights that Cav‐1 may modulate mitochondrial function and structural reorganization in HSC activation, being a potential candidate marker for chronic liver diseases and a molecular target for therapeutic intervention.
Hair we grow again: Upward mobility, career compromise, and natural hair bias in the workplace
Authors: Summers LaTonya M. , Davis Tonya , Kosovac Bilal
Published: August 2022

Natural hair bias, the targeting of people based on their hair or hairstyle, is an emerging but recurring barrier Black women face in the workplace. The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate whether early‐career Black women perceived that their ability to advance occupationally was compromised by wearing natural hair. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with nine Black women with less than 2 years of work experience in various professions. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), the researchers extracted five main themes: appearance and professionalism, double standards, natural hair journey, identity, and invisible rules of engagement at work.
Fast Cysteine Bioconjugation Chemistry
Authors: Chen Fa‐Jie , Gao Jianmin
Published: August 2022

Cysteine bioconjugation serves as a powerful tool in biological research and has been widely used for chemical modification of proteins, constructing antibody‐drug conjugates, and enabling cell imaging studies. Cysteine conjugation reactions with fast kinetics and exquisite selectivity have been under heavy pursuit as they would allow clean protein modification with just stoichiometric amounts of reagents, which minimizes side reactions, simplifies purification and broadens functional group tolerance. In this concept, we summarize the recent advances in fast cysteine bioconjugation, and discuss the mechanism and chemical principles that underlie the high efficiencies of the newly developed cysteine reactive reagents.
Hydroxy‐Functionalized Hypercrosslinked Polymers (HCPs) as Dual Phase Radioactive Iodine Scavengers: Synergy of Porosity and Functionality
Authors: Samanta Partha , Dutta Subhajit , Let Sumanta , Sen Arunabha , Shirolkar Mandar M. , Ghosh Sujit K.
Published: August 2022

Large‐scale nuclear power plant production of iodine radionuclides (129I, 131I) pose huge threat in the events of nuclear disaster. Effective removal of radioiodine from nuclear waste is one of the most critical challenge because of the drawbacks of state‐of‐the‐art adsorbents such as high cost, low uptake capacity and non‐recyclability. Herein, two hydroxy‐functionalized (‐OH) hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs), namely HCP‐91 and HCP‐92, have been synthesized and employed towards capture of iodine. High chemical stability along with synergistic harmony of high porosity and functionality of these materials makes them suitable candidates for capture of iodine from both vapor phase and water medium. Moreover, both the HCPs showed superior iodine removal performance from water in terms of fast kinetics and high removal efficiency (2.9 g g−1 and 2.49 g g−1 for HCP‐91 and HCP‐92 respectively). The role of functionality (‐OH groups) and porosity has been established with the help of HCP‐91, HCP‐92 and non‐functionalized biphenyl HCP for the efficient capture of I3− ions from water. In addition, both HCPs exhibited excellent selectivity and recyclability towards triiodide ions, rendering the potential of these materials towards real‐time applications. Lastly, Density functional theoretical studies revealed key insights and corroborate well with the experimental findings.
Longer board tenure and audit committee tenure. How do they impact environmental performance? A European study
Authors: Paolone Francesco , Pozzoli Matteo , Cucari Nicola , Bianco Rosario
Published: August 2022

We analyze the impact of board of directors (BoD) tenure and audit committee (AC) tenure on environmental performance (EP) to test whether BoD and AC members' rotation generates higher environmental performance. Data were collected from the Refinitiv Eikon database, structuring a sample of European Union (EU) listed companies belonging to the “old” country members in the period from 2018 to 2020. We found that longer board tenure and longer audit committee tenure each enhance environmental performance, demonstrating that firms could view the tenure rate as a proxy of the quality of the board monitoring. On the contrary, the interaction term (BoD and AC tenure) is negatively related to environmental performance, showing that when two boards have a low rotation, companies may achieve lower environmental performance. These findings help understand the dynamic and complex nature of tenure in corporate governance mechanisms.
3D‐printed autoclavable plant holders to facilitate large‐scale protein production in plants
Authors: Chuang Ling , Enders Anton , Offermann Sascha , Bahnemann Janina , Franke Jakob
Published: August 2022

The Australian tobacco plant Nicotiana benthamiana is becoming increasingly popular as a platform for protein production and metabolic engineering. In this system, gene expression is achieved transiently by infiltrating N. benthamiana plants with suspensions of Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying vectors with the target genes. To infiltrate larger numbers of plants, vacuum infiltration is the most efficient approach known, which is already used on industrial scale. Current laboratory‐scale solutions for vacuum infiltration, however, either require expensive custom‐tailored equipment or produce large amounts of biologically contaminated waste. To overcome these problems and lower the burden to establish vacuum infiltration in new laboratories, we present here 3D‐printed plant holders for vacuum infiltration. We demonstrate that our plant holders are simple to use and enable a throughput of around 40 plants per hour. In addition, our 3D‐printed plant holders are made from autoclavable material, which tolerate at least 12 autoclave cycles, helping to limit the production of contaminated waste and thus contributing to increased sustainability in research. In conclusion, our plant holders provide a simple, robust, safe and transparent platform for laboratory‐scale vacuum infiltration that can be readily adopted by new laboratories interested in protein and metabolite production in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Practical application

Transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana provides a popular and rapid system for producing proteins in a plant host. To infiltrate larger numbers of plants (typically >20), vacuum infiltration is the method of choice. However, no system has been described so far which is robust to use and can be used without expensive and complex equipment. Our autoclavable 3D‐printed plant holders presented here will greatly reduce the efforts required to adopt the vacuum infiltration technique in new laboratories. They are easy to use and can be autoclaved at least 12 times, which contributes to waste reduction and sustainability in research laboratories. We anticipate that the 3D printing design provided here will drastically lower the bar for new groups to employ vacuum infiltration for producing proteins and metabolites in Nicotiana benthamiana.
Late erosion pulse triggered by rapid melt in the cold‐based interior of the last Fennoscandian Ice Sheet, an example from Rogen
Authors: van Boeckel Mikis , van Boeckel Tayo , Hall Adrian M.
Published: August 2022

Ice sheet interiors are conventionally regarded as non‐erosive. Yet subglacial conditions may be transformed during deglaciation by the arrival of large volumes of meltwater at the ice sheet bed. The development of a dynamic meltwater drainage system and the onset of basal sliding have potential to increase erosion rates in bedrock and sediment. Here, we examine the impact of late deglacial thawing on the Rogen plateau, located near the former ice divide of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet. We provide new maps of glacial and glacifluvial landforms which we combine with existing data on Quaternary sediments and landforms. Cross‐cutting and overlapping relations allow for an event sequence to be established of the deglaciation period. In the Early Holocene (< 11 ka), an ice lobe onset zone developed at the Rogen plateau. In places where meltwater reached the bed and where pressures rose to overpressure, it caused fracture dilation in horizontally bedded sandstones and rock brecciation. The onset of sliding and application of drag resulted in the mobilization of bedrock sheets. The establishment of meltwater corridors led to fluidization of sediments at the bed, dissection and modification of ribbed moraines and formation of murtoos and hummock corridors. During final stagnation of the ice sheet, meltwater drained through channels forming axial eskers. Bedrock erosion during deglaciation reached depths up to 4 m, and in conjunction with some recycling of till, generated
317 km2 of boulder cover. The average erosion depths by removal and reworking of sediment are
0.9–1.1 m across areas below 900 m elevation. This study shows that when the cold‐based interiors of ice sheets become briefly activated by large subglacial meltwater delivery late in deglaciation, there can be significant reworking and erosion of rock and sediment.
The association between ballroom dance training and empathic concern: Behavioral and brain evidence
Authors: Wu Xiao , Lu Xuejing , Zhang Huijuan , Wang Xiao , Kong Yazhuo , Hu Li
Published: August 2022

Dance is unique in that it is a sport and an art simultaneously. Beyond improving sensorimotor functions, dance training could benefit high‐level emotional and cognitive functions. Duo dances also confer the possibility for dancers to develop the abilities to recognize, understand, and share the thoughts and feelings of their dance partners during the long‐term dance training. To test this possibility, we collected high‐resolution structural and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 43 expert‐level ballroom dancers (a model of long‐term exposure to duo dance training) and 40 age‐matched and sex‐matched nondancers, and measured their empathic ability using a self‐report trait empathy scale. We found that ballroom dancers showed higher scores of empathic concern (EC) than controls. The EC scores were positively correlated with years with dance partners but negatively correlated with the number of dance partners for ballroom dancers. These behavioral results were supported by the structural and functional MRI data. Structurally, we observed that the gray matter volumes in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and EC scores were positively correlated. Functionally, the connectivity between ACC and occipital gyrus was positively correlated with both EC scores and years with dance partners. In addition, the relationship between years with dance partners and EC scores was indirect‐only mediated by the ACC‐occipital gyrus functional connectivity. Therefore, our findings provided solid evidence for the close link between long‐term ballroom dance training and empathy, which deepens our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying this phenomenon.
Analysis ofAspergillus versicolorexudate composition
Authors: Wang Haining , Yang Xiaohe , Wei Songhong
Published: August 2022

Aspergillus versicolor, a widely distributed fungus, is associated with pollution and carcinogenic hazards. This study aimed to examine the functions of theA.versicolorexudate and laid a scientific foundation for improving our understanding, utilization, and control ofA.versicolor. TheA.versicolorexudate proteome, ion content, and amino acid components were determined using label‐free quantitation, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and high‐performance liquid chromatography, respectively. In total, 502 proteins were identified in theA.versicolorexudate. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and cluster of orthologous group analyses were used to annotate the functional classification and pathways of the aligned proteins. Proteins identified in the exudate were mainly enriched in carbohydrate metabolic process, translation, oxidoreductase activity, oxidoreductase activity, hydrolase activity, cell wall‐related processes, catalytic activity, and unknown functions. The exudate comprised Na, K, Ca, Fe, and Mg cations. Among the 17 types of amino acids detected in the exudate, 7 were essential and 10 were nonessential. The exudate may be involved in the vital processes ofA.versicolor. Additionally, the exudate may play an important role in the growth, development, reproduction, homeostasis, nutrient supply for regrowth, and virulence ofA.versicolor.
Machine learning models for predicting soil particle size fractions from routine soil analyses in Quebec
Authors: Martinelli Gaëtan , Gasser Marc‐Olivier
Published: August 2022

Soil texture and particle size distribution are important soil properties for understanding and interpreting the multiple processes and interactions in soil agrosystems. However, soil particle size analysis is rarely included in routine soil laboratory analyses due to cost but can be derived from other soil physico‐chemical properties and from more powerful regressions using machine learning techniques. The performance of multiple linear regression and four machine learning algorithms (MLAs)—K‐nearest neighbor (KNN), Random Forest, extra‐gradient boosting (XGBoost), and multilayer neural network (NeuralNetwork)—was compared to predict particle size fractions of clay, sand, and silt using routine analyses of soil pH, cation exchange capacity, Mehlich‐3 extracted elements, and density of dried sieved soil from 8,364 soil samples distributed across Quebec. Particle size fractions were predicted as compositional data using isometric log ratio transformation. The XGBoost model performed best, with RMSE values of 7, 10, and 12% and R2 values of .77, .57, and .73 for the prediction of clay, silt, and sand fractions, respectively. Feature importance classification varied from one model to another, but the best predictors remained the same regardless of the model used. Sieved soil density measured in the laboratory and Mehlich‐3 Mg, K, Fe, and Zn ranked as better predictors of particle size fractions. Predicting soil particle sizes using routine soil physico‐chemical properties and MLAs appears an option for incomplete legacy datasets and a promising economic alternative to current methods carried out in commercial laboratories.
Long‐Term Outcomes After Lobectomy for Patients with High‐Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Sugitani Iwao , Kazusaka Hiroko , Ebina Aya , Shimbashi Wataru , Toda Kazuhisa , Takeuchi Kengo
Published: August 2022

Background

Guidelines universally recommend total thyroidectomy for high‐risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, in Japan, thyroid‐conserving surgery had been widely applied for such patients until recently. We investigated long‐term outcomes for this strategy.

Methods

A prospectively recorded database was retrospectively analyzed for 368 patients who had undergone curative surgery for high‐risk PTC without distant metastasis between 1993 and 2013. High‐risk PTC was defined for tumors showing tumor size > 4 cm, extrathyroidal extension, or large nodal metastasis ≥ 3 cm.

Results

Median age was 59 years and 243 patients were female. Mean duration of follow‐up was 12.7 years. Lobectomy was conducted for 207 patients (LT group) and total or near‐total thyroidectomy for 161 patients (TT group). The frequency of massive extrathyroidal invasion and large nodal metastasis was lower in the LT group than in the TT group. After propensity score matching, no significant differences were seen between groups for overall survival, cause‐specific survival or distant recurrence‐free survival. In the overall cohort, multivariate analysis identified age ≥ 55 years, large nodal metastasis, tumor size > 4 cm and massive extrathyroidal invasion as significantly associated with cause‐specific survival, whereas extent of thyroidectomy was not.

Conclusions

For patients with high‐risk PTC without distant metastasis, curative surgery with lobectomy showed almost identical oncological outcomes compared to total thyroidectomy. The benefits of total thyroidectomy for high‐risk PTC should be reevaluated in the future prospective studies.
Fetal magnetic resonance imaging of lumbar spine development in vivo: a retrospective study
Authors: Yin Xing , Zhao Xin , Lu Lin , Zhang Liying , Xing Qingna , Yuan Rui , Niu Zhijun , Zhang Linlin
Published: August 2022

Objective

The aim of this study is to describe MR imaging appearances of the fetal lumbar spine in vivo at different gestational ages (GAs).

Methods

This retrospective study was approved by the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. We collected MR images and clinical data of 93 fetuses in our hospital. All the MR images were obtained by 3-T MR. All had the mid-sagittal plane of steady state free precession sequence (Trufi) of the lumbar spine, which could show the lumbar vertebra and conus medullaris (CM). Regression analysis was made between GA and heights of lumbar vertebral body ossification center (LVBOC), lengths of LVBOC, and heights of intervertebral gap (IVG).

Results

There were good linear correlations between the heights of LVBOC and GA (P < 0.001), lengths of LVBOC and GA (P < 0.001), and heights of IVG and GA (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

We showed the different development of each LVBOC and IVG which caused the difference of the shape of LVBOC and IVG.
Remote ischaemic conditioning: defining critical criteria for success—report from the 11th Hatter Cardiovascular Workshop
Authors: Bell R. M. , Basalay M. , Bøtker H. E. , Beikoghli Kalkhoran S. , Carr R. D. , Cunningham J. , Davidson S. M. , England T. J. , Giesz S. , Ghosh A. K. , Golforoush P. , Gourine A. V. , Hausenloy D. J. , Heusch G. , Ibanez B. , Kleinbongard P. , Lecour S. , Lukhna K. , Ntsekhe M. , Ovize M. , Salama A. D. , Vilahur G. , Walker J. M. , Yellon D. M.
Published: August 2022

The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute biennial workshop, originally scheduled for April 2020 but postponed for 2 years due to the Covid pandemic, was organised to debate and discuss the future of Remote Ischaemic Conditioning (RIC). This evolved from the large multicentre CONDI-2–ERIC–PPCI outcome study which demonstrated no additional benefit when using RIC in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The workshop discussed how conditioning has led to a significant and fundamental understanding of the mechanisms preventing cell death following ischaemia and reperfusion, and the key target cyto-protective pathways recruited by protective interventions, such as RIC. However, the obvious need to translate this protection to the clinical setting has not materialised largely due to the disconnect between preclinical and clinical studies. Discussion points included how to adapt preclinical animal studies to mirror the patient presenting with an acute myocardial infarction, as well as how to refine patient selection in clinical studies to account for co-morbidities and ongoing therapy. These latter scenarios can modify cytoprotective signalling and need to be taken into account to allow for a more robust outcome when powered appropriately. The workshop also discussed the potential for RIC in other disease settings including ischaemic stroke, cardio-oncology and COVID-19. The workshop, therefore, put forward specific classifications which could help identify so-called responders vs. non-responders in both the preclinical and clinical settings.
Predictors of remission in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with biologics: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Khader Yasmin , Beran Azizullah , Ghazaleh Sami , Lee-Smith Wade , Altorok Nezam
Published: August 2022

Biologics have emerged as an effective treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, there is a significant proportion of patients who fail to respond to biologics. Identifying the predictors that affect the response to biologics remains challenging. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted through May 1, 2022. We included all studies that used a multivariate model to assess for the predictors of remission in RA patients treated with biologics. We calculated pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk factors reported in ≥ 3 studies using a random-effects model. A total of 16,934 patients with RA who were treated with biologics were included in twenty-one studies. Our study showed that old age (OR 0.98 (0.97, 0.99), P < 0.00001), female gender (OR 0.66 (0.56, 0.77), P < 0.00001), smoking history (OR 0.86 (0.75, 0.99), P 0.04), obesity (OR 0.95 (0.91, 0.99), P 0.02), poor functional status (OR 0.62 (0.48, 1.27), P < 0.00001), high disease activity (OR 0.90 (0.85, 0.96), P 0.0005), and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (OR 0.99 (0.98, 1.00), P 0.009) were poor predictors of remission. On the other hand, positive anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (OR 2.52 (1.53, 4.12), P 0.0003) was associated with high remission rate. Old age, female gender, obesity, smoking history, poor functional status, high disease activity, and elevated ESR at the time of diagnosis have been associated with poor response to biologics. Our findings could help establish a risk stratification model for predicting the remission rate in RA patients receiving biologics.