bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant, biofilm inhibition and mutagenic activities of newly substituted fibrates
Authors: Sheikh Asma , Zia-Ur-Rehman  , Imran Muhammad , Mahmood Zaid
Published: June 2021

Purpose: A series of benzylidene-2-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-methyl propane hydrazides (1-10) were synthesized and assay them for their biofilm inhibition, antioxidant and mutagenic.

Methods: All derivatives were prepared by condensation of various substituted benzaldehyde and acetophenones with 2-(4-bromorophenoxy)-2-methyl propane hydrazide, which was itself prepared by hydrazinolysis of ethyl-2-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-methyl propanoate and were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR 13C NMR, mass spectrometry. They were screened for their in-vitro anti-oxidant, biofilm inhibition and mutagenicity by established methods.

Results: Anti-oxidant results revealed that the electron donating group enhanced the scavenging ability of the compounds as seen in compounds 4b, 4h and 4i. In biofilm inhibition studies, all compounds were more active against Gram –ive bacterial strain when compared to gram +ive strain. The mutagenicity assay results indicate that the compound having chloro group substitution is mutagenic.

Conclusion: The benzylidine compounds of 2-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-methyl hydrazide possessing electron donating substituents exhibit superior activities to the electron withdrawing group substituents.
Evaluation of antioxidant and anticancer effects of Piper betle L (Piperaceae) leaf extract on MCF-7 cells, and preparation of transdermal patches of the extract
Authors: Boontha Supavadee , Taowkaen Jirapon , Phakwan Thanaporn , Worauaicha Teerapong , Kamonnate Piyarat , Buranrat Benjaporn , Pitaksuteepong Tasana
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To determine the antioxidant and anticancer effects of Piper betle (P. betle) leaf extract on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and to develop transdermal patches containing the extract.

Methods: The leaf extract of P. betle was prepared by maceration method, and its antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Cytotoxicity and suppression of cell migration (indices of anticancer activity) were also assessed in MCF-7 cells by sulforhodamine B (SRB) and wound healing assays, respectively. Transdermal patches were developed using the casting method, and the resultant patches were evaluated with regard to their physical appearance and mechanical properties before and after a stability test.

Results: The extract exhibited antioxidant activity with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 30.0 ± 0.1 µg/mL. It also showed cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 114.3 ± 14.9 µg/mL, and significantly suppressed the migration of MCF-7 cells at a dose of 25 µg/mL. Based on desirable characteristics, patch base formulations containing 4.2 % pectin, 0.4 % hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC), 0.4 % polyvinyl pyrrolidine K-90 (PVP-K90) and 3 % propylene glycol (PG) were selected for incorporation into the extract.

Conclusion: Leaf extract of P. betle exhibits potential anti-breast cancer properties. A transdermal patch containing 0.03 % of the extract can be successfully developed for treatment of breast cancer.
Floroindole confers protection against cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis via inhibition of NF-kB p65 phosphorylation
Authors: Zhou Zhiwen , Ren Xiang , Li Aiping , Zhou Wensheng , Huang Li
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of floroindole against cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)- induced sepsis, as well as the underlying mechanism of action.

Methods: Thirty-five 10–week-old male Wistar rats weighing 190 - 210 g (mean: 200.00 ± 10.10 g) were used for this study. The rats were randomly assigned to seven groups of five rats each, viz, normal control group, and six CLP groups. The CLP groups were those subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The first 5 CLP groups received 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 mg/kg floroindole, respectively, 1 h after CLP, via intraperitoneal route (i.p.) while the 6th CLP group served as untreated control. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used for the assessment of the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α), interleukn-6 (IL-6), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) and p-NF-κB p65.

Results: Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) significantly and time-dependently upregulated the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and NOD2 in intestinal tissues of rats (p < 0.05). However, treatment with floroindole significantly, and dose-dependently down-regulated CLP-induced expressions of these proteins (p < 0.05). Treatment of rats with floroindole also significantly and dose-dependently inhibited CLP-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in rat ileum (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The results obtained in this study demonstrate that floroindole confers some degree of protection against CLP-induced sepsis via inhibition of NF-κB p65 phosphorylation.
Effect of total flavonoids from Drynaria rhizome on bone loss in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Yu Fang , Lv QingNa , Tong ZhiHong , Song WenJi , Zhao ZhengNan , Yuan Bo , Liang HaiDong
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To determine the potential effect of total flavonoids from Drynaria rhizome on bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.

Methods: The rats were divided into four groups: normal control, ovariectomized (OVX) control, and two Drynaria rhizome (DR) flavonoids treatments. Post-operation, osteoporotic OVX rats were given Drynaria rhizome total flavonoids for 3 months. Thereafter, the expressions of bone-related genes and biochemical indices were investigated in samples taken from rat serum and bone.

Results: Treatment with total flavonoids from Drynaria rhizome prevented bone mineral loss and improved some related biochemical indices associated with osteoporosis, namely, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), bone gla protein (BGP) and estradiol (E2). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) data showed that treatment with the total flavonoids significantly downregulated mRNA expression of Wnt10b, β-catenin, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) and BMP4 in OVX rats, but significantly reversed OVX-induced downregulation of dickkopf1 (Dkk1) mRNA expression.

Conclusion: These results indicate that total flavonoids from Drynaria rhizome exert anti-osteoporotic effects in rats through the WNT signaling and BMP-2 signaling pathways.
Fingerprint and multi-component quantitative analyses for quality evaluation of Rhizoma coptidis steamed with rice wine
Authors: Wang Jin , Zeng Hai-rong , Lou Guan-hua , Hu Chang-jiang , Huang Qin-wan , Yang Xiang-bo
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of multi-components of Rhizoma coptidis steamed with rice wine (RCRW), and to provide a reference for assessing its standard of quality.

Method: Chromatographic separation was performed on a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system to determine the characteristic fingerprint of RCRW. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A) and 0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid (B), with gradients of B as follows: 15 - 20 % from 0 – 30 min; 20 - 25 % from 30 - 50 min; 25 - 35 % for 50 - 60 min, and 35 % for 60 - 70 min.

Results: In the multiple reaction monitoring mode, eight components of RCRW were isolated by HPLCphoto-diode array (PDA) method. A fingerprint of the RCRW was established and 8 peaks were calibrated. The method was further validated in terms of linearity (R2 > 0.9993), precision (relative standard deviation, RSD < 1.51 %); repeatability (RSD < 2.98 %) and stability (RSD < 1.93 %). Mean recovery rate ranged from 96.2 to 103.8 %, while RSD values ranged from 0.92 to 2.88 %.

Conclusion: These results show that HPLC-PDA method is accurate and feasible, and that they provide a reference for further comprehensive and effective quality control of RCRW.
Knowledge and practice of folic acid supplementation and impact of income level on awareness among women of child-bearing age in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Albader Nawal A. , Negm Doaa R. , El Gabry Eman K. , El-Sayed Mervat M. , Arzoo Shaista
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the knowledge of Saudi women (pregnant and non-pregnant) about the significance of folic acid (FA) supplementation and to determine how income levels affects this knowledge and its implementation.

Methods: The study was conducted among women of child-bearing age attending Al-Hada Armed Forces Hospital and Khaliss General Hospital (both in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) for pregnant women and Omm Al-Qura University in Makkah Governorate (Saudi Arabia) for non-pregnant women. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data and to analyze levels of FA knowledge, including general awareness, proper timing of its use, information source, FA benefits, and the perils of FA deficiency. A chi-square test was performed to test the differences between variables.

Results: Analysis of the survey data revealed that 81.1 % of non–pregnant and 91.1 % of pregnant women were aware of the term, FA (p < 0.05). Moreover, 71.1 % of the pregnant compared to 35.6% of non-pregnant women knew that this supplement must be taken before becoming pregnant and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). For pregnant women, doctors and previous pregnancies were the main sources of FA knowledge, while mass media was the most frequently reported source for non-pregnant women (p < 0.05). Income level was not associated with FA knowledge in either group.

Conclusions: This study illustrates a deficiency in the knowledge and consumption of this important micronutrient in women of childbearing age, the population most in need of this information. Nutrition education should be provided to increase the understanding and practice of FA supplementation periconceptionally and during pregnancy.
Salvia miltiorrhiza injection ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via downregulation of PECAM-1
Authors: Ronghai Yang , Weiping Yao , YingFeng Liu , Xuejun Wang , Jianguang Liang , Jiachao Liu
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and PECAM-1 related pathways.

Method: Male Wistar rats were used for establishment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model. The rats were randomly assigned to four groups: experimental group, low dose group (Salvia miltiorrhiza injection, 10 mL/kg/day), moderate dose group (Salvia miltiorrhiza injection, 20 mL/kg/day) and high dose group (Salvia miltiorrhiza injection, 40 mL/kg/day). Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model was established in the four groups. Evans-TTC staining was used to assess relative area of ischemiareperfusion injury. Blood samples were collected for assay of PECAM-1 expression using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fresh blood platelets were collected in all groups, and divided into two groups - control group (normal culture) and experimental group (Salvia miltiorrhiza injection). The expression of PECAM-1 in blood platelets was assayed using Western blot.

Result: Compared with the experimental group, Salvia miltiorrhiza injection ameliorated myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and decreased the infarction area seen in Evans/TTC staining. PECAM-1 expression in blood was decreased by Salvia miltiorrhiza injection. Blood platelets dysfunction was induced after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, and the level of PECAM-1 increased. However, Salvia miltiorrhiza injection treatment downregulated the expression of PECAM-1 after myocardial ischemiareperfusion.

Conclusion: Salvia miltiorrhiza injection maintains normal function of blood platelets and ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by decreasing expression of PECAM-1.
Polygonatum sibiricum extract exerts inhibitory effect on diabetes in a rat model
Authors: Yu Lai-zeng , Zhang Xue-peng , Wang Ying-xin
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Polygonatum sibiricum extract (PSE) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods: PSE was obtained by steeping the dried Polygonatum sibiricum in water at 60 oC three times, each for 1 h, before first drying in an oven at 100C and then freeze-drying the final extract, thus obtained. Diabetic model rats were prepared by a single intraperitoneal injection of a freshly prepared solution of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of ten rats each: negative control, normal control, reference (glibenclamide1 mg/kg) as well as PSE groups, (35, 70 and 140 mg/kg). Blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were measured to determine antihyperglycemic effect. Oxidative stress was evaluated in liver and kidney by their antioxidant markers, viz, lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT). Blood serum levels of creatinine and urea were determined in both diabetic control and treated rats.

Results: Compared with diabetic rats, oral administration of PSE at a concentration of 120 mg/kg daily for 30 days showed a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (118.34 ± 3.29 mg/dL) (p < 0.05) and increased insulin level (12.86± 0.62 uU/mL, p < 0.05). Furthermore, it significantly reduced biochemical parameters (serum creatinine, 0.83 ±0.21 mg/dL, p < 0.05) and serum urea (43.26±1.42 mg/dL, p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The results suggest that PSE may effectively normalize impaired antioxidant status in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, PSE has a protective effect against lipid peroxidation by scavenging free radicals, restoration of insulin function, and reduction of the incidence of complications.
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of methanol extract of Tamus communis L. roots
Authors: Amraoui Nacer , Mayouf Nozha , Charef Noureddine , Baghiani Abderrahmane , Arrar Lekhmici
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti‐arthritic effects of the methanol extract of Tamus communis roots.

Methods: The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using Folin–Ciocalteu’s reagent and aluminium chloride assays, respectively while the antioxidant capacity was determined using DPPH and β-carotene/linoleate tests. For anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced paw edema in rat was used. Formaldehyde-induced paw edema and adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats were used to evaluate the anti-arthritic effect of the extract.

Results: The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of T. communis showed 55.2 ± 0.036 mg GAE/g dry weight and 1.191 ± 0.002 mg QEq/g dry weight, respectively while the antioxidant activity (DPPH) showed a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 of 0.128 ± 0.011 mg/mL. Using βcarotene/linoleate assay, the extract showed 88.13 ± 4.03 % inhibition. In carrageenan-induced paw edema in rat, all doses of T. communis did not show inhibition of edema. In contrast, formaldehyde induced paw edema decreased at the dose of 150 mg/kg days 2 and 4. However, doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg did not show any activity. In adjuvant-induced arthritis, all used doses caused no reduction in arthritic scores and in paw thickness except a significant decrease with the dose 150 mg/kg at the last day.

Conclusion: T. communis extract exhibits high antioxidant activity related to the phenolic compound contents. However, the results of the anti-inflammatory and anti‐arthritic studies did not support its use in folk medicine in the treatment of rheumatic ailment except on low doses
Mechanism of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistance to carbapenem antibiotics
Authors: Chen Danxia , Zhu Yan , Hu Liangshan , Wu Xiaoyun , Li Mingyou , Lin HanHui
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the mechanism of action of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) resistance to carbapenem.

Methods: The susceptibility of six Klebsiella pneumoniae strains to antibiotics was determined using KB assay. Six isolated strains which were resistant to carbapenem were identified and collected using modified Hodge test. The phenotypes of metal enzyme were evaluated by ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) disk diffusion method. The genes for beta-lactamases, including KPC gene, were examined.

Results: The six carbapenem-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were resistant to imipenem, meropenem and aztreonam, but were sensitive to amikacin, fosfomycin, minocycline, and polymyxin. The six pathogens did not produce metal enzyme, but they produced carbapenemases. Moreover, the six strains partially carried blaTEM or blaSHV gene, but all had blaKPC-2 gene.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the pathogens that contain blaKPC-2 gene may be involved in the mechanism of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) resistance to carbapenem.
Ethno-philosophy is Rational: A Reply to Two Famous Critics
Authors: Mangena F
Published: June 2021

In this article, I contend that philosophical reactions against ethno-philosophy, especially the arguments by professional African philosophers such as Paulin Hountondji and Kwame Anthony Appiah, cannot go unchallenged at a time when Africa is facing a myriad of problems such as disease, famine, ethnic conflicts, religious wars, and natural disasters which, in my view, stem from the continent’s failure to reflect on its past in the quest for lasting solutions. Having looked at the historical context of the emergence of ethno-philosophy or the project of cultural revivalism, and having closely examined the premises presented by Hountondji and Appiah against ethno-philosophy - which I consider to be unconvincing because of their tendency to glide into Western philosophical forms of thought - I argue that ethno-philosophy is just like Western philosophy, as it is based on a recognized form of reasoning, namely inductive reasoning, packaged in proverbs, riddles and other cultural resources. I also argue that religious beliefs are not an obstacle to the development of scientific thought in Africa; rather, they are an aid to it since both have complementary rather than opposing roles. KeywordsPhilosophy, ethno-philosophy, primitive unanimity, induction, African proverbs
Philosophizing about Africa in Berlin
Authors: Künkel R
Published: June 2021

No abstract available
Editor's Note
Authors: Oduor R MJ
Published: June 2021

No Abstract available
O trabalho docente de uma professora supervisora do PIBID – Língua Portuguesa na perspectiva dos licenciandos
Authors: Garcia-Reis Andreia Rezende , Callian Giovana Rabite
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar se quatro dimensões de trabalho, das oito propostas por Machado (2007), estão presentes no trabalho docente da supervisora do Pibid - Letras/Licenciatura - da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF). Utilizamos, nessa pesquisa, aportes teórico-metodológicos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo – ISD – (BRONCKART, 1999, 2006, 2008; MACHADO, 2007, 2009), assumindo a linguagem como atividade central do desenvolvimento humano, uma vez que é por meio dela que interagimos socialmente através dos discursos que produzimos. Os dados tomados para análise emergem de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os alunos egressos do Pibid – Língua Portuguesa. Como metodologia de análise, utilizamos o procedimento proposto por Bronckart (2008) e Bulea (2010), no qual as entrevistas são divididas em duas categorias decorrentes da distribuição dos turnos de fala: Segmentos de Orientação Temática (SOT) e Segmentos de Tratamento Temático (STT). As entrevistas revelaram que as quatro dimensões de trabalho estão presentes significativamente no trabalho docente da professora supervisora do Pibid.
Contextos de formação de professores de línguas
Authors: Ramos Karin Adriane Henschel Pobbe , Carvalho Kelly Cristiane Henschel Pobbe de
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo propor uma reflexão de contextos variados de formação de professores de línguas e seus atravessamentos na construção de identidades docentes, por meio de ações que promovem uma indissociabilidade entre a teoria e a prática. Os dados foram coletados por meio dos processos de orientação e supervisão de professores em formação, alunos de um curso de Letras, que participam de projetos em rede, tais como o Programa Residência Pedagógica (CAPES/MEC) e o Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID/CAPES/MEC), bem como de projetos mantidos pela própria Unesp, como o Centro de Línguas e Desenvolvimento de Professores e o Programa Núcleos de Ensino. Para tanto, assumimos uma perspectiva dialógica, com base nas discussões propostas pelo círculo bakhtiniano e seus seguidores, bem como nos estudos a respeito dos processos de construção de identidades docentes. Os resultados apontam as significativas contribuições da inserção dos professores em formação nesses contextos e discutem as necessidades de manutenção desses programas.
Formação de professores de línguas em Roraima
Authors: Zambrano Cora Elena Gonzalo , Silva Marcus Vinícius da , Lima Fernanda Sousa
Published: June 2021

Com duas fronteiras internacionais e mais de 10 etnias indígenas habitando o território de Roraima, as escolas locais são atravessadas pelos contatos linguístico-culturais de alunos de diferentes nacionalidades e etnias. Nos municípios fronteiriços do estado sempre houve a presença de estudantes estrangeiros e indígenas que frequentam não só as escolas das comunidades indígenas, mas também das áreas urbanas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a necessidade de uma reformulação curricular das licenciaturas em Letras oferecidas em Roraima, para que possam proporcionar uma educação linguística ampliada (CAVALCANTI, 2013) a professores de línguas maternas e adicionais. Tal preocupação com a formação dos professores de línguas é urgente, principalmente, após o aumento da migração transnacional de venezuelanos, além da dificuldade já existente dos professores para lidar com a realidade sociolinguística complexa na qual os aprendizes estão inseridos. Para tanto, utilizamos uma abordagem qualitativa, com análise das grades curriculares dos cursos de letras das Universidades Estadual e Federal de Roraima. O arcabouço teórico desta pesquisa filia-se à Linguística Aplicada e às novas epistemologias advindas das teorias decoloniais (MIGNOLO, 2018). Os resultados mostram ações incipientes para a inclusão de disciplinas relacionadas à diversidade linguística roraimense e ao ensino/aprendizagem de português como língua adicional (indígenas, estrangeiros e surdos). Ademais, verificamos a urgência de que disciplinas atualmente eletivas, sejam atualizadas na perspectiva aqui defendida e incorporadas à grade obrigatória dos currículos, objetivando a regularidade formativa dos cursos.
Pesquisa-formação no estágio supervisionado de língua francesa com base em diálogos de autoconfrontação
Authors: Farias Aline Leontina Gonçalves
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo consiste em um relato das experiências de pesquisa-formação que temos realizado desde 2017 no âmbito do estágio supervisionado da licenciatura em Letras/Francês de uma universidade pública brasileira. Trata-se de uma pesquisa que tem como contexto o estágio enquanto componente curricular da formação inicial e tem como objeto a própria formação docente, na/para a qual intervimos com o quadro teórico-metodológico da autoconfrontação (CLOT; FAÏTA, 2000; FAÏTA; VIEIRA, 2003; VIEIRA; FAÏTA, 2003; FAÏTA, 2007a) visando fazê-lo servir à implementação de práticas de coanálise da atividade docente como práticas dialógicas formativas (FARIAS; MORAES, 2020). Em um primeiro momento, apresentamos a evolução da pesquisa-formação, os princípios e as fases da metodologia da autoconfrontação e as adaptações que temos realizado com o propósito de fazê-la servir como instrumento de formação. Em seguida, a análise e a discussão de algumas sequências de diálogo de coanálise, com dois diferentes grupos de estagiários, permite-nos mostrar que a autoconfrontação tem funcionado como um eixo organizador das diferentes atividades do estágio, principalmente as práticas de observação, análise e avaliação da atividade docente, amplificando os seus efeitos (trans)formativos, inclusive, na própria prática docente dos estagiários.
Autoconfrontation et formation des enseignants
Authors: Faïta Daniel , Magalhães Elisandra Maria
Published: June 2021

Cet entretien, qui nous a été accordé par le linguiste et analyste du travail Daniel Faïta, visait à susciter un dialogue sur l’utilisation du cadre théorique et méthodologique de l’autoconfrontation dans les recherches récentes sur la formation des enseignants. La discussion part d’études et d’interventions menées en France, dans le cadre de l’analyse du travail, qui ont donné lieu à l’autoconfrontation à la fin des années 1980 (FAÏTA, 1989). Le processus autoconfrontatif, fortement basé sur le dialogisme bakhtinien et visant, selon Clot et Faïta (2000), à créer les conditions favorables à l’analyse et à la transformation de l’activité professionnelle – comme nous l’avons constaté dans l’entretien – contribue à provoquer un mouvement dialogique et interactif qui amène les sujets impliqués dans le processus à comprendre le travail d’enseignement et, par conséquent, à collaborer à l’amélioration de la formation des enseignants.
PERFIL E QUALIDADE DA RESPOSTA SEXUAL EM MULHERES E O CONHECIMENTO ACERCA DA FISIOTERAPIA PÉLVICA
Authors:   Centro Universitário Ingá – Uningá, Maringá, PR, Brasil., Kinoshita Suzane Amanda Torquete , Ognibeni Luciana Cristina Rafael ,   Centro Universitário Ingá – Uningá, Maringá, PR, Brasil.
Published: June 2021

A sexualidade faz parte dos domínios da qualidade de vida e pode ser influenciada por diversos fatores, incluindo a violência sexual. As fases da resposta sexual englobam o desejo, a excitação, o orgasmo e a resolução, e qualquer alteração em uma dessas fases pode cursar com uma disfunção. No Brasil, a disfunção sexual é considerada um problema de saúde pública devido à sua alta prevalência e impacto negativo sobre a qualidade de vida. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o perfil e a qualidade da resposta sexual em mulheres, bem como avaliar o conhecimento acerca da fisioterapia pélvica por parte das avaliadas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória de caráter transversal realizada com 46 mulheres com vida sexual ativa e idade entre 20 e 45 anos. Através deste estudo, pode-se observar que a violência sexual pode ser um fator de risco para disfunção sexual, porém não houve correlação nesse estudo, e identificou-se que todas as mulheres encontravam em fase reprodutiva e apresentaram algum grau de risco para desenvolvimento de disfunção sexual e apenas 6,8% referiram ter algum conhecimento sobre a fisioterapia pélvica.
Portal Cavernoma Complicating a Persistent Postoperative Bile Leak after Liver Hydatid Cyst Surgery: -a Report Case-
Authors: Bouzroud Mohamed , Ait Idir Badr , Strehlow Felicitas , Benkabbou Amine
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION: Hydatid cyst is a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosis. Portal hypertension is an unusual postoperative complication after a liver hydatid cyst surgery.

CASE PRESENTATION: To illustrate this rare condition, we present the case of a 32-year-old patient operated for a liver hydatid cyst with late-onset postoperative complications. The patient suffered from secondary digestive bleeding because of portal hypertension and was therefore treated with a distal splenorenal shunt (Warren).

CONCLUSION: Surgery of hydatid cyst may cause severe complications like portal hypertension and in certain cases, distal splenorenal anastomosis might represent an important treatment option that needs to be performed in specialised centres.

Keywords: Liver cyst, Portal hypertension, Splenorenal shunt.
სტარტაპი - იდეები ბიზნესისთვის
Authors: KAKULIA TORNIKE
Published: June 2021

თორნიკე კაკულია
ეკონომიკის დოქტორი.
E-mail: tornike@transload-geo.com
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4319-1746
მოკლე აღწერა
სტარტაპი არის ახალი ფინანსური პროექტი, რომლის მიზანია სწრაფად დაიბრუნოს ჩადებული ინვესტიცია და მიიღოს მოგება. სტრატაპი ჩვეულებრივი ბიზნესის სახეობაა, თუმცა მათ შორის არის განსხვავება. სტარტაპი არის ბიზნესი, რომელიც აქამდე არ ყოფილა. სტარტაპი ბიზნესის საწყისი ეტაპია, რომელშიც იდეა გადამწყვეტია. სწორედ ამ იდეებში დებენ ინვესტორები თავიანთ ფულს. ინვესტორების მიზანია დაეხმარონ კომპანიას საკუთარი ცოდნით მოახდინონ პროექტის წარმატებული გაყიდვები. მიღებული ფული მიზნად ისახავს ბიზნესის ზრდის დაჩქარებას და მასშტაბების გაფართოებას.  სტატისტიკურად, სტარტაპების 90% წარუმატებელია.
სტატიაში განხილულია სტარტაპის არსი, მისი თავისებურებები და განსხვავებები ჩვეულებრივი ბიზნესისაგან; სტარტაპის ზრდის დაფინანსების პოპულარული წყაროები; ზოგადად, სტარტაპის შექმნის პროცესი; წარუმატებლობის მიზეზები. სტატიის მიზანია დამწყებ ბიზნესმენებს გააცნოს, თუ როგორ შეიძლება დაიწყო სტარტაპი და რა რისკები შეიძლება ახლდეს მას.
IMPORTANCIA DE LA INCORPORACIÓN DE ESPECIALIDADES EN EL PLAN RETICULAR DE INGENIERÍA MECATRÓNICA EN EL INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO DE HERMOSILLO PARA LAS COMPETENCIAS DE EGRESO DESDE UN ENFOQUE DE LA INDUSTRIA LOCAL
Authors: MONTIJO-VALENZUELA ELIEL EDUARDO
Published: June 2021

La cambiante industria afectada por un mundo globalizado genera nuevos retos, por lo tanto, demanda a ingenieros con habilidades adaptativas en el ser, el saber y el hacer, con alto nivel en el conocimiento técnico-científico, pero también con alto valor humano y competencias genéricas y especificas bien definidas. El trabajo de las academias en las instituciones de educación superior (IES) es desarrollar en los estudiantes estos saberes y competencias, y únicamente se puede lograr si hay una sinergia de trabajo entre la academia y la industria. En este trabajo se presenta la importancia de incorporar especialidades afines al sector industrial.
Cómo los estudiantes afrontan la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Cruz García María Guadalupe , Nava Pozos Maribel , Hernández Calva Felicitas
Published: June 2021

La crisis generada por COVID-19 nos ha enfrentado a retos, tomando al mundo sin la capacidad de dar respuesta inmediata, sin equipos sanitarios suficientes, sin los medicamentos para su curación y sin una vacuna para impedir el contagio. El cierre de fronteras y luego cerrando economías, estamos viviendo una época sin precedentes donde la conectividad juega un papel fundamental para prácticamente todos los sectores. El objetivo en la presente investigación es diagnosticar el impacto que ha tenido el CoV-Sars-2 en los de Enseñanza - Aprendizaje en la Educación Superior y su posible impacto en los ámbitos sociales, económicos y de salud, para establecer recomendaciones cuando se presenten futuras contingencias. Sin duda hoy es cuando se requiere una educación cercana, solidaria e incluyente en todos los niveles, para poder responder a los desafíos del momento que atravezamos.
Actividad física y calidad de la dieta en escolares de la ciudad de Navojoa, Sonora
Authors: Castro Andrés Aquilino , Borbón Castro Norma , Cruz Ortega Manuel , Duarte Félix Héctor , Durazo Terán Luis , López Castro Lizeth
Published: June 2021

La actividad física (AF) y alimentación saludable inculcada desde temprana edad influye positivamente en todas las siguientes etapas de vida al generar beneficios biopsicosociales, además de disminuir el riesgo de padecer alguna enfermedad crónica no transmisible (ECNT). Objetivo: analizar el nivel de actividad física y calidad de la dieta en escolares de quinto y sexto grado de una primaria de la ciudad de Navojoa, Sonora. Métodos: se realizó un estudio no experimental de cohorte transversal en 47 sujetos entre 10 y 12 años de edad, se evaluó el nivel de AF y calidad de la dieta para comparar los promedios a través de análisis de la varianza (ANOVA) aplicando un nivel de confianza de 95% y probabilidad p<0.05. Resultados y discusiones: al analizar la frecuencia del porcentaje de diversas actividades físicas realizadas, se observó que el 72.2% de los hombres realizaban entre una y cuatro veces a la semana y el 44% de las mujeres entre tres y cuatro veces a la semana, aunque 59.48% no realizaban AF en tiempo libre,  el nivel de AF por grado académico fue similar en ambos grupos (p=0.10) considerados como activos irregulares, asimismo, no se existieron diferencias significativas al comparar el nivel de AF por grado académico y sexo (p=0.35 en hombres y mujeres de quinto grado y p=0.23 en hombres y mujeres de quinto grado). En cuanto al porcentaje de la calidad de la dieta se observó que más del 65% del grupo de sexto grado y más del 45% del grupo de quinto grado presentan una dieta óptima, sin embargo, existe una gran cantidad de escolares que desayunaban bollería industrial, consumían golosinas varias veces al día o comida rápida al menos una vez a la semana Conclusiones: fomentar programas de AF y alimentación saludable en la escuela y como parte extracurricular, asimismo, desarrollar talleres donde se aprenda sobre los grupos de alimentos y cómo benefician la salud física y mental en diferentes etapas de vida.
THREATS, CONFLICTS AND WARS: THE ROLE OF ISRAEL IN SECURING PEACE IN THE MIDDLE EAST
Authors: Ige kehinde Moses
Published: June 2021

The state of Affairs in the Middle East has been unstable for about a century. The emergence of Israel as a Sovereign state stirred both ideological, historical, religious, and political differences. Thus, in a volatile Middle East, Israel has had to not only survive but thrive against all odds. The present Israel-Palestine conflict is merely a reflection of the long-standing crisis in the Middle East and a continuous attempt of the majority of the Arab world to ensure the destruction of the only Jewish state. Irrespective of Israel's desire and subsequent attempts at facilitating peace in the Middle East, there remain direct and indirect forces, both external and internal who deem the instability and crisis in the Middle East as favorable and profitable. It is on this backdrop that this paper critically explores the concept of threats, conflicts, and wars with an emphasis on the Israeli-Palestine Crisis as well as the inherent forces and culprits responsible for perpetuating the crises in the Middle East to define Israel's role in securing peace in the Middle East.
"Green" Economy: Realities and Prospects in Agriculture in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   PhD, Associate Professor, Bulkhairova Zh. S. ,   S.Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University,   Nur-Sultan, 010011 Zhenis avenue 62, Kazakhstan,   e-mail: honeyzhu@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-9744-4104, Alieva A. O. ,   Master of Economic Sciences; K.Zhubanov Aktobe Regional State Universit; Aktobe, 030000 Moldagulova ave. 34, Kazakhstan; е-mail: ardaknurbai@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1131-9565
Published: June 2021

The issues of "green" economy as a paradigm for the development of agricultural sector of the country's economy is analyzed. The main elements of the transition to ecosystems are summarized: price regulation in accordance with the basic principles of sustainable development of rural areas; reforming and developing an "ecological" tax system; sustainable public investments and their increase in natural capital; socially oriented strategies. The ways of implementing the concept of "green" economy: general economic and technological are shown. The main objectives of its development as significantly reducing the adverse impact on the environment and risks of environmental degradation are determined, as well as the possibilities and prerequisites for expanding its sphere in agriculture of the republic. It is noted that several projects have already been implemented in Kazakhstan that fully meet environmental criteria. It is indicated that in rural areas there are necessary conditions for production process of organic products. Data on organic producers of the Republic of Kazakhstan and other types of operators in the world are presented. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the ultimate goal of green economy is to create living conditions that optimize the interaction of its financial, environmental and social components, the relationship with the most advanced agricultural enterprises, the development of environmental management support programs that stimulate the formation of innovative networks and cluster structures in rural areas. The main principle of "green" economy is the expansion of organic agriculture sector, introduction of certificates for environmentally friendly products and increase in their exports.
Development of agricultural market as a factor in the increased competitiveness of the economy of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Doktor of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Narynbayeva A. S. ,   Professor of the Department of Business and Management,   Innovative University of Eurasia,   Pavlodar, 140000 M. Gorky str. 102/4, Kazakhstan,   narynbaeva@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6700-2030, Shakhman Y. T. ,   ; PhD student of Department of Business and Management; Innovative University of Eurasia; Pavlodar, 140000, M. Gorky str. 102/4, Kazakhstan; shakhman2015@ mail.ru; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-0457-2247
Published: June 2021

As the research aim, the authors analyze theoretical and practical directions of increasing the competitiveness of products of agro-industrial complex of the republic and give recommendations on the formation and development of its competitive advantages. The article shows the problems of the industry that require accelerated decision-making. The key task is, first of all, refusal from the raw material orientation in agricultural sector, production of high-quality exportoriented agricultural products. In a pandemic, the public support of the regions largely determines the level and quality of life of their population. Food import and export volumes are considered. The conclusion on the need to improve measures aimed at increasing export potential of agricultural enterprises is made. Forecast of production of ready-made feed for farm animals is presented, taking into account the use of innovative technologies, which will contribute to the increase in the population number of cattle and its productivity. It is noted that in order to establish mutual interests of the State and small businesses, the growth of regional economic potential, efficient use of resources of local and republican budgets, consulting services are important, in particular, holding of consulting and training workshops, training programs. The necessity of a wide range of scientific research on the issues of development of country's agro-industrial production and ensuring the availability of knowledge of modern technologies through scientific and information support for agricultural producers, which allows to increase the competitive advantages of agri-industrial complex on domestic and foreign markets, has been justified. The forecasts of production and demand for agricultural products are calculated according to scientifically grounded norms per capita.
Vegetable growing of the Republic of Kazakhstan in terms of pandemic
Authors:   «Kainar» Academy, Gridneva Y. E. ,   Almaty, 050013 Satpayev str. 7А, Kazakhstan,   elengred@mail.ru, Kaliakparova G. Sh. ,   «Kainar» Academy; Almaty, 050013 Satpayev str. 7, Kazakhstan; GK_2003@rambler.ru
Published: June 2021

With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in most countries, after the adoption of emergency measures to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection, various economic measures have been implemented to support the population and stabilize the economy. Global changes are taking place in the world, which is associated with issues of cooperation, management activities using a wide range of methods, transformations in agro-industrial complex. To ensure food security of the country, the role of agricultural sector of the republic is increasing. The authors explored main directions of the effective development of vegetable growing in the southern region of the country. The issues of vegetable-growing subcomplex of agri-industrial complex have been identified. Based on the analysis, their assessment, as well as the potential of the industry's innovative activity are presented. There are great prospects for vegetable market, as the consumption of these products, which are rich in vitamins, minerals necessary for the organism, as well as a balanced diet, is increasing. The solution to the problems is in the transition to industrial technologies, the widespread dissemination of business ideas. The measures necessary to expand the scope of introduction of high-performance technologies in the vegetable sector are considered. The importance of public support for the growth of vegetable production is shown. The destabilizing factors of competitiveness of vegetable growing in Kazakhstan have been identified, proposals on improvement of the efficiency of this industry have been developed which are based on innovation. The authors state the need for innovative restructuring in breeding and seed production of vegetable crops, public variety testing, and control over the use of pesticides. The level of provision of the population with vegetable products, and processing industry with raw materials are determined by the development and location of vegetable growing in the republic, as well as labor provision and transport accessibility of sales markets.
Livestock subcomplex of the East Kazakhstan region: evaluation of the state and target benchmarks
Authors:   Shakarim University, Kazhieva Zh. H. ,   Semey, F19A1T8 Shugaeva str. 159 a, Kazakhstan,   Zhaniya.kazhieva@mail.ru
Published: June 2021

The research aim is to study the current state of development of livestock production in the East Kazakhstan region, consider the main problems and prospects. The article provides a detailed analysis of livestock production activities in the East Kazakhstan region in the period from 2016 to 2020 by comparing the indicators of number of livestock and poultry population, their productivity, production volume of livestock production industry. The structure of production by farm categories is shown in dynamics. The indicators are presented taking into account the indicative parameters of the State Program on Development of AIC RK for 2017-2021. The main problems of the livestock sub-complex of the East Kazakhstan region are identified, including low level of provision with forage base, lack of high-quality animal nutrition, which, in turn, contributes to reduction of productivity of animals and poultry, small proportion of breeding stock. The author notes that a significant shortage of livestock production industry is weak technical equipment, unjustified technological processes and lack of a single production organization scheme. Emphasis on public support as a result of the successful implementation of the longterm sectoral program on development of dairy farming for 2018-2027 will contribute to stimulating the activities of personal subsidiary farms, their increase through the creation of family farms, which will increase the efficiency of livestock farms. In the future, strict observance of sanitary and hygienic requirements, timely implementation of full-fledged veterinary and pedigree work will increase the breeding cattle population in this region.
The need to consolidate land in villages of Central Poland based on the example of Zharnovskaya community
Authors:   Department of Environment and Agriculture, Discrit Authority Office in Brzozow, Wojcik-Len Justyna ,   36-200 Brzozow, 51 3 Maja Street, Poland,   justynaa.wojcik@wp.pl, Noga Karol ,   Rzeszow University of Technology; 35-959 Rzeszow, al. Powstańców Warszawy 12, Poland; rmknoga@cyf-kr.edu.pl, Ozog Karol ,   City Property Management Office of Rzeszow; 35-002 Rzeszow, place Ofiar Getta, Poland; karol.ozog@gmail.com, Len Przemyslaw ,   Ph.D, Associate Professor; University of Life Sciences in Lublin; 20-950 Lublin, 13 Akademicka Street, Poland; przemyslaw.len@up.lublin.pl
Published: June 2021

The article notes that in rural areas, re-development is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of specific area. The authors believe that it is possible to improve the farm structure by enlarging them by combining small business entities or providing another land plot in exchange. Such works will result in achievement of the desired structural change, only if it is implemented systematically and becomes a permanent element of long-term rural administration policy. Measures related to the consolidation and equivalent exchange of land plots should be introduced comprehensively and unambiguously in combination with subsequent development of such territories. Only then can the intended goal be fully achieved, that is, improvement of their spatial structure. Taking into account the limited funds, it is necessary to develop a strategy in order to identify the regions for community, districts or voivodships in which such activities should be carried out on a priority basis. Determination of lands for unification must be well thought, rational and, above all, it is necessary that the effect of such work brings measurable results for the country's agricultural policy. The survey ranked 32 characteristics which are specific to each village using the zero unitarization method and Hellwig method. The results of surveys carried out in 41 settlements of the Zharnovskaya community with a total area of 14 106.91 hectares, divided into 22 638 cadastral plots, are presented. The study area is located in central Poland.
On-farm land use management of agricultural entities
Authors:   S.Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Kurmanova G. K. ,   Nur-Sultan, 010011 Pobedy Ave. 62, Kazakhstan,   e-mail: kurmanova_gul@mail.ru
Published: June 2021

The issues of land legislation in the field of regulation of land relations have been identified. It was determined that pre-reform period was characterized by the planned development of economy, on-farm land management design was mandatory and was of a directive nature. The author notes that the Rules for Rational Use of Agricultural Lands establish the existence of onfarm land management projects aimed at their rational use. The results of the analysis showed that currently in the land legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan there are no clear requirements for drafting projects in the system of measures on land use regulation. Therefore, in practice, they are developed by only a small part of economic entities, which leads to deterioration in reclamation state of agricultural land, decrease in fertility level, contamination of crops with weeds, spread of various diseases and plant pests, degradation of forage lands (pastures, hayfields), etc. All this is the result of underdeveloped land legislation, weak implementation of public control over the use and protection of land. The existing structure of on-farm land management projects has been analyzed. The conclusion on the need for their development, as well as methodological instructions based on new approaches and innovative technologies was done. It is noted that in 2018 at the legislative level, amendments were made to the Land Code, regulating the procedure and features of the provision of State-owned agricultural land for peasant or private farm operations, agricultural production through tender commission. Owners or land users were invited to develop on-farm land management projects at their own expense.