bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repairing and commissioning of an AC motor speed controller for a centrifugal pump
Authors: Nur Rahman Md. Touhid , Turzo Md. Momin , Billah Ahammed Masum , Akanda Md. Masum , Rahman Md. Rahat
Published: August 2019

A centrifugal pump was installed in 1984 in the Fluid Mechanics Laboratory of Mechanical Engineering Department of Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology. The motor of the centrifugal pump was dc motor and was not working. It could not be commissioned for a long time because of the damaged speed controller. The main shaft (rotor) was also jammed. In this project work, the dc motor was tried to repair. But it could not be run because the specification of the motor and the operating manual was not available. To complete the project successfully, the dc motor was replaced by an ac induction motor. After replacing the motor, the speed of the new motor was controlled by a variable frequency drive (VFD). Using this device, the speed was controlled from 600 rpm to 3000 rpm smoothly. After the replacement, the testing of the centrifugal pump was successfully performed and the motor was controlled in various speeds. Experiment on the performance test of the centrifugal pump was carried out satisfactorily running the pump in various speeds operated by the VFD.
Finding theme communities from database networks
Authors: Chu Lingyang , Wang Zhefeng , Pei Jian , Zhang Yanyan , Yang Yu , Chen Enhong
Published: August 2019

Given a database network where each vertex is associated with a transaction database, we are interested in finding theme communities. Here, a theme community is a cohesive subgraph such that a common pattern is frequent in all transaction databases associated with the vertices in the subgraph. Finding all theme communities from a database network enjoys many novel applications. However, it is challenging since even counting the number of all theme communities in a database network is #P-hard. Inspired by the observation that a theme community shrinks when the length of the pattern increases, we investigate several properties of theme communities and develop TCFI, a scalable algorithm that uses these properties to effectively prune the patterns that cannot form any theme community. We also design TC-Tree, a scalable algorithm that decomposes and indexes theme communities efficiently. Retrieving a ranked list of theme communities from a TC-Tree of hundreds of millions of theme communities takes less than 1 second. Extensive experiments and a case study demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of TCFI and TC-Tree in discovering and querying meaningful theme communities from large database networks.
Vertex priority based butterfly counting for large-scale bipartite networks
Authors: Wang Kai , Lin Xuemin , Qin Lu , Zhang Wenjie , Zhang Ying
Published: August 2019

Bipartite networks are of great importance in many real-world applications. In bipartite networks, butterfly (i.e., a complete 2 x 2 biclique) is the smallest non-trivial cohesive structure and plays a key role. In this paper, we study the problem of efficient counting the number of butterflies in bipartite networks. The most advanced techniques are based on enumerating wedges which is the dominant cost of counting butterflies. Nevertheless, the existing algorithms cannot efficiently handle large-scale bipartite networks. This becomes a bottleneck in large-scale applications. In this paper, instead of the existing layer-priority-based techniques, we propose a vertex-priority-based paradigm BFC-VP to enumerate much fewer wedges; this leads to a significant improvement of the time complexity of the state-of-the-art algorithms. In addition, we present cache-aware strategies to further improve the time efficiency while theoretically retaining the time complexity of BFC-VP. Moreover, we also show that our proposed techniques can work efficiently in external and parallel contexts. Our extensive empirical studies demonstrate that the proposed techniques can speed up the state-of-the-art techniques by up to two orders of magnitude for the real datasets.
Ontology-based entity matching in attributed graphs
Authors: Ma Hanchao , Alipourlangouri Morteza , Wu Yinghui , Chiang Fei , Pi Jiaxing
Published: August 2019

Keys for graphs incorporate the topology and value constraints needed to uniquely identify entities in a graph. They have been studied to support object identification, knowledge fusion, and social network reconciliation. Existing key constraints identify entities as the matches of a graph pattern by subgraph isomorphism, which enforce label equality on node types. These constraints can be too restrictive to characterize structures and node labels that are syntactically different but semantically equivalent. We propose a new class of key constraints,
Ontological Graph Keys
(OGKs) that extend conventional graph keys by ontological subgraph matching between entity labels and an external ontology. We show that the implication and validation problems for OGKs are each NP-complete. To reduce the entity matching cost, we also provide an algorithm to compute a minimal cover for OGKs. We then study the entity matching problem with OGKs, and a practical variant with a budget on the matching cost. We develop efficient algorithms to perform entity matching based on a (budgeted) Chase procedure. Using real-world graphs, we experimentally verify the efficiency and accuracy of OGK-based entity matching.
Influence of Silica Fume Additive and Temperature History on the Volume Change of Ultra-High-Strength Cement Paste and Concrete
Authors: Teramoto Atsushi , Maruyama Ippei , Mitani Yuji
Published: August 2019

In this article, the temperature dependency of the autogenous shrinkage and the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of ultra-high-strength concrete (UHSC) and cement paste is discussed. The concrete and cement paste binder is mixed with portland cement and silica fume (SF) with water-to-binder ratios ranging from 13 to 20 % and SF replacement rates ranging from 7.5 to 17.5 %. First, we confirm that the autogenous shrinkage of a concrete specimen can be estimated from that of cement paste by using the theory of composite materials. Second, the SF reaction ratio and portlandite consumption for each temperature history is examined simultaneously with measurements of the autogenous shrinkage and the TEC of ultra-high-strength cement paste. The results show that, for the same specimen, the apparent activation energy of autogenous shrinkage and TEC is larger than that of physical properties such as Young’s modulus. This is attributed to the amount of calcium hydroxide consumption per SF reaction being much larger at high temperatures than at 20°C and the rapid increase in the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)-specific surface area of hardened cement paste at high temperatures. From the previous results, it is inferred that the microstructure of UHSC containing SF is modified to exhibit increased sensitivity to volume. These results indicate that not only the thermal strain but also the thermos-active properties of autogenous shrinkage need to be considered when conducting numerical analysis for crack risk assessment.
Effect of Different Modes of Lateral Boundary Constraints of the Direct Simple Shear (DSS) Device under Monotonic and Cyclic Shear Loading
Authors: Verma Priyesh , Wijewickreme Dharma
Published: August 2019

The direct simple shear (DSS) device is commonly employed to characterize the shear behavior of soil while representing a plane strain condition. In DSS devices that use cylindrical specimens, the plane strain condition is mimicked by constraining the lateral boundaries of the specimen against radial deformations during consolidation and shear loading. The current test standard recommends using either wire-reinforced rubber membrane or unreinforced rubber membrane enclosed with stacked rigid rings as suitable modes of confinement to constrain the lateral boundaries of DSS test specimens. Only limited studies have been performed to assess the effects arising because of these different ways of lateral boundary constraints on the test results, particularly when DSS tests are conducted at relatively higher vertical effective confining stress (σ′v0) levels. An experimental program was undertaken to study the effect of lateral boundary constraint mode during constant-volume monotonic and cyclic DSS tests. The constant-volume tests were conducted on reconstituted cylindrical DSS specimens prepared from a natural silty soil under the following three modes of lateral boundary constraints: (a) steel wire–reinforced rubber membrane only (Mode 1); (b) steel wire–reinforced rubber membrane enclosed with a set of thin, low-friction stacked rigid rings (Mode 2); and (c) unreinforced rubber membrane enclosed with a set of thin, low-friction stacked rigid rings (Mode 3). The findings from these tests, conducted on specimens initially consolidated to σ′v0 level up to 900 kPa, indicate that there was no significant difference in the shear response derived from the three cases of lateral boundary constraints. This suggests that the commonly used approach of simply confining the DSS test specimen using steel wire–reinforced rubber membrane alone (i.e., Mode 1) would be effective and adequate for use in monotonic and cyclic direct simple shear testing, for σ′v0 ≤ 900 kPa.
The Effects of Combined Retarders on the Properties of Desulfurized Gypsum
Authors: Chen Zheng , Liu Ruonan , Li Guoxin , Hao Peiwen , Su Jian , Yang Junfen
Published: August 2019

As a relatively fast-setting building material, desulfurized gypsum is difficult to use. Citric acid, sodium gluconate, and sodium tripolyphosphate were used to design and prepare a desulfurized gypsum paste containing single or combined retarders. The effects of the retarder type and content on the setting inhibition and mechanical properties of desulfurized gypsum were evaluated. The experimental results showed that all three retarders had different degrees of retardation on desulfurized gypsum; among them, citric acid had the best retarding effect. When the citric acid content was 0.10 %, the initial and final setting times were 25 and 31 min, respectively. However, the mechanical properties of desulfurized gypsum could be decreased by more than 60 %. Compared with single-doped retarders, combined retarders had obvious advantages. They not only significantly lengthened the setting time and hardening time two-fold or even more but also the compressive strength of desulfurized gypsum with combined retarder was 50 % higher than that with single retarder under the same retarding effect as a single retarder. The hydration heat curve provided insight into the setting inhibition of desulfurized gypsum by retarders. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the change in the crystal morphology of desulfurized gypsum-hydrated crystals with the addition of retarders. The addition of a retarder lengthened the induction period of desulfurized gypsum and changed the morphology of desulfurized gypsum-hydrated crystal, thus extending the setting time and reducing the strength.
Rapid Ocular Responses Are Modulated by Bottom-up-Driven Auditory Salience
Authors: Zhao Sijia , Yum Nga Wai , Benjamin Lucas , Benhamou Elia , Yoneya Makoto , Furukawa Shigeto , Dick Fred , Slaney Malcolm , Chait Maria
Published: August 2019

Despite the prevalent use of alerting sounds in alarms and human–machine interface systems and the long-hypothesized role of the auditory system as the brain's “early warning system,” we have only a rudimentary understanding of what determines auditory salience—the automatic attraction of attention by sound—and which brain mechanisms underlie this process. A major roadblock has been the lack of a robust, objective means of quantifying sound-driven attentional capture. Here we demonstrate that: (1) a reliable salience scale can be obtained from crowd-sourcing (N= 911), (2) acoustic roughness appears to be a driving feature behind this scaling, consistent with previous reports implicating roughness in the perceptual distinctiveness of sounds, and (3) crowd-sourced auditory salience correlates with objective autonomic measures. Specifically, we show that a salience ranking obtained from online raters correlated robustly with the superior colliculus-mediated ocular freezing response, microsaccadic inhibition (MSI), measured in naive, passively listening human participants (of either sex). More salient sounds evoked earlier and larger MSI, consistent with a faster orienting response. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that MSI reflects a general reorienting response that is evoked by potentially behaviorally important events regardless of their modality.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMicrosaccades are small, rapid, fixational eye movements that are measurable with sensitive eye-tracking equipment. We reveal a novel, robust link between microsaccade dynamics and the subjective salience of brief sounds (salience rankings obtained from a large number of participants in an online experiment): Within 300 ms of sound onset, the eyes of naive, passively listening participants demonstrate different microsaccade patterns as a function of the sound's crowd-sourced salience. These results position the superior colliculus (hypothesized to underlie microsaccade generation) as an important brain area to investigate in the context of a putative multimodal salience hub. They also demonstrate an objective means for quantifying auditory salience.
Influence of digital elevation model resolution on gravimetric terrain correction over a study-area of Croatia
Authors: Varga Matej , Grgić Marijan , Bjelotomić Oršulić Olga , Bašić Tomislav
Published: August 2019

High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) have become available in the last decade. They are used in geodesy and geophysics as the main data for modeling of topographic mass effects included in gravimetric and gradiometric measurements. In modeling process, gravimeric terrain correction is the central quantity which accounts for the variations of topographic masses around measured stations. This study deals with one segment of terrain correction computation: the impact of the resolution of digital elevation models. Computations are performed on study area of Republic of Croatia. Newly created DEM/DBM for the study area is created from global digital surface model ASTER for continental area, and digital bathymetric model GEBCO for the sea area. DEMs with lower resolution were created by resampling of the created ASTER/GEBCO DEM/DBM in 1″ resolution. Terrain correction map is computed and published for the first time for the Republic of Croatia. The differences between terrain
correction solutions obtained by using lower resolution DEMs compared to the solution obtained by using DEM with 1″ are indicating average influence of DEM resolution on terrain correction from 0,5·10–5 to 3·10–5 ms–2, for DEMs with lower resolution than 5″. The results also reveal that rugged and mountainous areas are particularly problematic in such computations.
Polysaccharide hydrolysis in the presence of oil and dispersants: Insights into potential degradation pathways of exopolymeric substances (EPS) from oil-degrading bacteria
Authors: Ziervogel Kai , Joye Samantha B. , Kleindienst Sara , Malkin Sairah Y. , Passow Uta , Steen Andrew D. , Arnosti Carol
Published: August 2019

Oceanic oil-degrading bacteria produce copious amounts of exopolymeric substances (EPS) that facilitate their access to oil. The fate of EPS in the water column is in part determined by activities of heterotrophic microbes capable of utilizing EPS compounds as carbon and energy sources. To evaluate the potential of natural microbial communities to degrade EPS produced during oil degradation, we measured potential hydrolysis rates of six structurally distinct polysaccharides in two roller bottle experiments, using water from a natural oil seep in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The suite of polysaccharides used to measure the initial step in carbon degradation is indicative of polymers within microbial EPS. The treatments included (i) unamended surface or deep waters (whole water), and water amended with (ii) a water-accommodated fraction of oil (WAF), (iii) oil dispersant Corexit 9500, and (iv) WAF chemically-enhanced with Corexit (CEWAF). The oil and Corexit treatments were employed to simulate conditions during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Polysaccharide hydrolysis rates in the surface-water treatments were lowest in the WAF treatment, despite elevated levels of EPS in the form of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP). In contrast, the three deep-water treatments (WAF, Corexit, CEWAF) showed enhanced hydrolysis rates and TEP levels (WAF) compared to the whole water. We also observed variations in the spectrum of polysaccharide-hydrolyzing enzyme activities among the treatments. These substrate specificities were likely driven by activities of oil-degrading bacteria, shaping the pool of EPS and TEP as well as degradation products of hydrocarbons and Corexit compounds. A model calculation of potential turnover rates of organic carbon within the TEP pool suggests extended residence times of TEP in oil-contaminated waters, making them prone to serve as the sticky matrix for oily aggregates known as marine oil snow.
Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos dos idosos com febre de Chikungunya
Authors: Dourado Cynthia Angélica Ramos de Oliveira , Quirino Evelyn Maria Braga , Pinho Clarissa Mourão , Silva Mônica Alice Santos da , Souza Slayne Rayane Gomes de , Andrade Maria Sandra
Published: August 2019

Objetivos: caracterizar os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos dos idosos acometidos pela febre de Chikungunya. Métodos: estudo transversal e retrospectivo de casos confirmados de febre de Chikungunya em idosos. Para as variáveis categóricas foram calculadas as frequências e percentuais. Utilizou-se o teste qui-quadro para comparação de proporções das distribuições das variáveis intragrupos. Resultados: foram avaliados 300 idosos com predominância de mulheres (63,0%), idade média de 70,49 anos, cores parda e preta (92,0%), moradores da zona urbana (95,3%), notificados na fase crônica da doença (57,3%), que necessitaram de hospitalização (74,3%) e com comorbidades (63,0%). Os sintomas mais prevalentes foram febre e artralgia (100,0%), cefaleia (98,0%) e lombalgias (96,3%). Conclusão: os casos de febre de Chikungunya tendem a ser mais graves em pacientes idosos e com maiores repercussões clínicas, em especial com a presença de sintomas álgicos.
Dynamic risk assessment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Pitoia Fabian , Jerkovich Fernando
Published: August 2019

The stratification of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer based on their initial risk of recurrence, according to specific clinical, histopathological and perioperative data, is an important starting point for tailoring the follow-up during the first 1–2 years after initial therapy (surgery with or without radioiodine ablation). However, risk of recurrence re-stratification based on new clinical data that becomes available after considering the response to treatment (dynamic risk assessment) provides a more accurate prediction of the status at final follow-up and a more individualized approach. In this review, we summarized the available data regarding dynamic risk of recurrence and the suggested management of differentiated thyroid cancer patients according to the response to treatment. The use of this strategy is crucial to avoid overtreatment and intensive follow-up of the vast majority of patients who will have a very good prognosis and, on the other hand, focus therapeutic efforts on those patients who will have a worse prognosis. In the future, molecular biology analysis of the tumors and well-designed prospective studies will probably refine the risk of recurrence prediction.
IslandCafe: Compositional Anomaly and Feature Enrichment Assessment for Delineation of Genomic Islands
Authors: Jani Mehul , Azad Rajeev K
Published: August 2019

One of the evolutionary forces driving bacterial genome evolution is the acquisition of clusters of genes through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). These genomic islands may confer adaptive advantages to the recipient bacteria, such as, the ability to thwart antibiotics, become virulent or hypervirulent, or acquire novel metabolic traits. Methods for detecting genomic islands either search for markers or features typical of islands or examine anomaly in oligonucleotide composition against the genome background. The former tends to underestimate, missing islands that have the markers either lost or degraded, while the latter tends to overestimate, due to their inability to discriminate compositional atypicality arising because of HGT from those that are a consequence of other biological factors. We propose here a framework that exploits the strengths of both these approaches while bypassing the pitfalls of either. Genomic islands lacking markers are identified by their association with genomic islands with markers. This was made possible by performing marker enrichment and phyletic pattern analyses within an integrated framework of recursive segmentation and clustering. The proposed method, IslandCafe, compared favorably with frequently used methods for genomic island detection on synthetic test datasets and on a test-set of known islands from 15 well-characterized bacterial species. Furthermore, IslandCafe identified novel islands with imprints of likely horizontal acquisition.
An RNAi Screen for Genes Required for Growth ofDrosophilaWing Tissue
Authors: Rotelli Michael D , Bolling Anna M , Killion Andrew W , Weinberg Abraham J , Dixon Michael J , Calvi Brian R
Published: August 2019

Cell division and tissue growth must be coordinated with development. Defects in these processes are the basis for a number of diseases, including developmental malformations and cancer. We have conducted an unbiased RNAi screen for genes that are required for growth in the Drosophila wing, using GAL4-inducible short hairpin RNA (shRNA) fly strains made by the Drosophila RNAi Screening Center. shRNA expression down the center of the larval wing disc using dpp-GAL4, and the central region of the adult wing was then scored for tissue growth and wing hair morphology. Out of 4,753 shRNA crosses that survived to adulthood, 18 had impaired wing growth. FlyBase and the new Alliance of Genome Resources knowledgebases were used to determine the known or predicted functions of these genes and the association of their human orthologs with disease. The function of eight of the genes identified has not been previously defined in Drosophila. The genes identified included those with known or predicted functions in cell cycle, chromosome segregation, morphogenesis, metabolism, steroid processing, transcription, and translation. All but one of the genes are similar to those in humans, and many are associated with disease. Knockdown of lin-52, a subunit of the Myb-MuvB transcription factor, or βNACtes6, a gene involved in protein folding and trafficking, resulted in a switch from cell proliferation to an endoreplication growth program through which wing tissue grew by an increase in cell size (hypertrophy). It is anticipated that further analysis of the genes that we have identified will reveal new mechanisms that regulate tissue growth during development.
Implied Author in Philosophical Novels
Authors: Senkāne Olga
Published: August 2019

The present article falls within a number of papers about research on specification of philosophical novels. The aim of this article is to analyze author’s function as a narrative category in classical philosophical novels (Franz Kafka "The Trial" (1925) ”The Castle”(1926), Jean-Paul Sartre "Nausea" (1938), Hermann Hesse "The Glass Bead Game" (1943), Albert Camus ”The Plague” (1947)) and a novel of Latvian prose writer Ilze Šķipsna „Neapsolītās zemes” [Un-Promised Lands](1970)). The analysis is based on theoretical ideas of structural narratologists Gerard Genette, William Labov, Seymuor Chatman, Wolf Schmid, as well as philosophers Edmund Husserl, Jean-Paul Sartre, Paul Ricouer and semioticians Yuri Lotman (Юрий Лотман) and Umberto Eco.The real author can ”enter” the text only indirectly—as an image, with the help of the storyteller, and the way how this ”entry” happens is determined by the narration of the real author or narrative (communication) skills of the author. Thus, the author and implied author are functionally different concepts: author as a real person develops the concept idea, his intention is to define the concept under his original vision; narrator, in its turn, communicates with the reader, representing the concept, and his aim is to select appropriate means of communication with regard to reader’s perceptual abilities.
Metaphor in Cognitive Approach
Authors: Połowniak-Wawrzonek Dorota
Published: August 2019

The article presents issues relevant to the cognitive theory of metaphor developed by G. Lakoff and M. Johnson. The researchers suggest that metaphors are common. They are rooted in the experience, important in the perception of the world, thinking, acting, as revealed in the language. The metaphor of language is a reflection of a conceptual metaphor. Lakoff and Johnson point out that the metaphor of language occurs in the texts of various types, from the colloquial language to the specialist language. A metaphor carries out two important functions: explaining and facilitating understanding. It enables a partial understanding of some kind of experience in terms of another type of beings and experiences. Some issues such as the concept of love, metaphysical issues, become possible to understand only through metaphor. Thus, the thesis, which treats about necessity of metaphor, is significant. In the process of metaphorical cognition, there is a projection, which takes the source domain to the target domain. A thesis about invariant is important here. Metaphorical mapping is partial. At the root metaphor is structural similarity between domains or their correlations in our experience. Conceptual metaphors can create complex structural relationships. In the case of metaphor the thesis of one-way metaphorical mappings is as important as the thesis about her creative potential. Prominent semantics of conceptual metaphor cannot give full meaning in the literal paraphrase. Among the conceptual metaphors structural metaphors, orientation and ontological metaphors are characterized.
Axiology of Anthropological Time in Stefan Furman’s Calendars of the 17th Century Gdansk
Authors: Krzysztofik Małgorzata
Published: August 2019

Time, as everybody knows, is the primary category of culture. Human’s altitude to the time determines how we see ourselves, the world and why we choose various activities. Entire scientific description of every culture has to contain characteristics of the specific time structure. One of the most important problems the answers to which we should search between texts of culture, is the axiology of the particular streams of the culture time. The article presents multifaceted characteristics of category of anthropological time in two calendars printed in Gdansk in the 17th century (for years 1652 and 1664). Questions about measure, pace, rhythm and axiology of human time are asked. The paper presents a discussion of typical characteristics of chronosophy of that epoch, anisotropy, which is a stream of many kinds of time flowing in parallel and in interaction with each other. The Christian concept of time which can be found in both calendars is decribed. Also rhythms of nature and culture (cycle of liturgical festivals) that regulate anthropological time are presented; how three dimensions of human experience of time (past, present, future) go together. Characteristics of axiological aspect of human time which has complex relations with numerous temporal structures and streams of time are given. Evidence that axiology of human time—oscillating between sacrum and profanum, between divine order and devil’s order, between human activity and God’s intervention – is given with regard to theological dimension in Stefan Furman’s calendariography as it is concentrated on reality out of this world. In theological perspective meaningful becomes the experience of earthly life, which gives every human being a chance to choose the good or the bad path of life, whilst they look for the redemption.
Vilnius and the Vilnius Region in the Period of Evacuation of Russian Army and Authorities in 1915
Authors: Przeniosło Marek , Przeniosło Małgorzata
Published: August 2019

Initially, the military operations during World War I were advancing at some distance from Vilnius. The offensive of the Central Powers directly threatened the city as late as in the summer of 1915. At that moment preparations started to evacuate important offices, economic and financial structures from Vilnius. Also, the people employed in these institutions, especially those of executive level, started to gradually leave the city (usually with their families). The intensification of this flight came in late August and September. The men of military age were being evacuated as well. A large number of the inhabitants of the Vilnius region sympathized with the Russians, which was understandable given the fact that their cousins and relatives served in the tsarist army. Some remained neutral. After the outbreak of the war the requisitions made by the Russian army were a serious problem for the population. They were especially acute for the farmers. The tactics of "burned land" used by the retreating Russian troops was an even greater threat to the residents of the Vilnius region and their property. Although the action did not much affect Vilnius, it had a serious impact on the rural areas in the region, including those located in the direct vicinity of the city. On 18 September 1915, the German troops entered Vilnius. The residents of the region responded calmly to the change of the situation, there were no cases of panic. The occupied lands, previously held by Russia, were treated by the Germans as a loot, hence they were exploited to the maximum extent. It was directly reflected in the quality of life of the civilian population.
Eds. Lobanov, N. A., Mažeikienė, N., Skvortsov, V. N. 2013. Continuous education as a prerequisite of the development of professional competences
Authors: Kula Ewa , Maliszewski Tomasz
Published: August 2019

Continuous education as a prerequisite of the development of professional competences. Monography. Eds. N. A. LOBANOV, N. MAŽEIKIENĖ, V. N. SKVORTSOV. Saint-Petersburg: Pushkin Leningrad State University, 2013. 280 pp. ISBN 978-5-8290-1275-5.
Wojciech Żukrowski (who We do not Remember) – for the Young Reader
Authors: Wzorek Anna
Published: August 2019

The main objective of the article is to discuss the forgotten works of Wojciech Żukrowski written for young people. The author is remembered by young readers as the one who created the fairy places of Tiutiurlistan and Blabancja (from the novels of Porwanie w Tiutiurlistanie [Kidnapping in Tiutiurlistan] and Na tronie w Blabonie [On the Throne in Blabon] and collected Vietnamese legends (Ognisko w dżungli [Fire in the Jungle]). However, Żukrowski wrote numerous texts addressed to children and young people which did not gain so much popularity, such as two modern novels of Słoneczne lato [Sunny Summer] (1952) and Poszukiwacze skarbów [Treasure Hunters] (1954), a “Vientamese” short story Mój przyjaciel słoń [My Friend the Elephant] (1957) as well as historical novels Szabla Gabrysia [Sabre Gabriela] (1952) and a short poem Bal w agreście [The Ball in a Goosberry Field] (1943). The article analyses the present titles and poses a very important question concerning the causes of the works being so unsuccessful. It is stated in the summary of the article that the forgotten works by Żukrowski written for young people are not devoid of values and comprise numerous aesthetic qualities (Bal w agreście), cognitive values (Poszukiwacze skarbów, Mój przyjaciel słoń) or educational values (Słoneczne lato or Mój przyjaciel słoń). The works by Wojciech Żukrowski analysed in the article are, however, anachronistic for a modern reader and outdated mainly due to the subject matter they tackle as well as included socrealistic elements.
Self-Similar Mode of Metals Fragmentation under Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Khomenko A. V.
Published: August 2019

In the framework of nonequilibrium evolution thermodynamics, the influence of additive fluctuations on the kinetics of structural defects under severe plastic deformation has been studied. The applied method is a new one for the description of fragmentation modes and corresponding self-organization processes. It is found that a fragmented metallic specimen demonstrates a self-similar behavior, which results in the formation of a grain structure with various grain sizes. Such a behavior takes place provided that the probability distribution for the grain boundary density has a power-law dependence. A comparison of the results obtained in the Itˆo and Stratonovich forms demonstrates the absence of qualitative changes in the behavior of the system.
The Possibility of Blocking the Process of DNA Base Pairs Opening by Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Zdorevskyi O. O. , Volkov S. N.
Published: August 2019

One of the most progressive methods of cancer treatment is the ion beam therapy. Simulations of the water radiolysis show that the most long-living species in the cell medium are hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules. But up to the present time, the role of H2O2 molecules in the deactivation of cancer cells has not been determined yet. To understand the possible role of H2O2 in the ion beam therapy, the competitive interaction of H2O and H2O2 molecules with nucleic bases in a pair on the different stages of genetic information transfer is studied in the present work. The method of atom-atomic potential functions is used in the calculations. It is shown that some configurations of A·T, and G·C complementary pairs are stabilized muchbetter by an H2O2 molecule as compared to a water molecule. The formation of such interaction complexes can terminate the processes of DNA unzipping by enzymes and consequently block the genetic information transfer processes in cancer cells during the ion beam treatment. An experimental method of verification of the interaction of hydrogen peroxide with nucleic base pairs is proposed.
Trombosis venosa profunda en cirugías de tobillo y pie. Algoritmo de profilaxis [A prophylaxis algorithm for deep vein thrombosis in ankle and foot surgery]
Authors: Masaragian Héctor , Perin Fernando , Coria Hernán , Mizdraji Luciano , Ameriso Nicolás , Rega Leonel
Published: August 2019

Introducción: La enfermedad tromboembólica es una de las complicaciones serias en la cirugía ortopédica. La tromboprofilaxis para las cirugías de tobillo y pie no está estandarizada, porque la incidencia es baja, según la bibliografía. El objetivo de este estudio es aportar un algoritmo de prevención para la trombosis venosa profunda y una revisión de la bibliografía.Materiales y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una revisión de las historias clínicas de los pacientes operados entre 2011 y 2017. La muestra estaba integrada por 696 hombres (28,98%) y 1706 mujeres (71,02%), con un promedio de edad de 51 años (rango 20-82). Se realizaron 2402 procedimientos, 575 (23,94%) fueron por patologías traumáticas y 1827 (76,06%), por patologías ortopédicas.Resultados: Nueve pacientes (0,37%) presentaron trombosis venosa profunda y solo dos, tromboembolismo pulmonar (0,08%). Los procedimientos en los que ocurrieron fueron: artroscopia, reparación aguda del tendón de Aquiles, hallux valgus y fractura del 5.° metatarsiano.Conclusiones: Se recomienda un enfoque multimodal para la profilaxis de la trombosis venosa profunda. Esto incluye abordar los factores de riesgo modificables, mediante la profilaxis mecánica, la movilización temprana y la profilaxis química. La heparina de bajo peso molecular es eficaz para reducir la tasa de trombosis venosa profunda y tromboembolismo pulmonar. AbstractIntroduction: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a major complication in orthopedic surgery. According to the literature, thromboprophylaxis in foot and ankle surgery is not a standardized practice due to the low incidence of DVT.Materials and Methods: We reviewed the medical records of surgical patients. Between 2011 and 2017, 1591 surgeries were performed, 6 of them due to symptomatic DVT.Results: The incidence of DVT in major orthopedic surgeries, such as knee and hip, is well documented, but there are only a few reports about its incidence in foot and ankle surgery. It is considered a relatively rare complication in many published studies; thus, preventive drug therapy is not routine practice.Conclusions: A multimodal approach to DVT prophylaxis for high-risk patients is recommended. All risk factors should be addressed, such as mechanical prophylaxis, early mobilization, and the use of chemoprophylaxis. Low molecular weight heparin is effective in reducing the rate of clinically significant DVT and is also likely to reduce the rate of pulmonary embolism.
Early Childhood Vaccination Status of Preterm Infants
Authors: Hofstetter Annika M. , Jacobson Elizabeth N. , deHart M. Patricia , Englund Janet A.
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND:

Preterm infants are at increased risk for vaccine-preventable infections and associated complications. Limited studies describe timely vaccination of these vulnerable infants.

METHODS:

This retrospective cohort study included Washington State infants with birth hospitalizations at an urban academic medical center between 2008 and 2013. Demographic, clinical, and visit data from electronic health records were linked to vaccine data from the Washington State Immunization Information System. Completion of the recommended 7-vaccine series by 19 months of age was compared between preterm infants (born at <37 weeks’ gestation) and term/postterm infants (born at 37–43 weeks’ gestation) by using Pearson’s χ2 test and multivariable logistic regression. Secondary outcomes included 7-vaccine series completion by 36 months of age and receipt of individual vaccines in the series. Rotavirus, hepatitis A, and influenza vaccination was also assessed.

RESULTS:

Of study infants (n = 10 367), 19.3% were born prematurely. Preterm infants had lower 7-vaccine series completion compared with term/postterm infants by 19 months (47.5% vs 54.0%; adjusted odds ratio 0.77 [95% confidence interval 0.65–0.90]) and 36 months (63.6% vs 71.3%; adjusted odds ratio 0.73 [95% confidence interval 0.61–0.87]). Early preterm (23–33 weeks’ gestation) and late preterm (34–36 weeks’ gestation) infants had a lower rate of 7-vaccine series completion compared with term/postterm infants. Full influenza vaccination coverage by 19 months also differed between groups (early preterm: 47.7%; late preterm: 41.5%; term/postterm: 44.7%; P = .02).

CONCLUSIONS:

Over half of preterm infants were undervaccinated at 19 months; one-third failed to catch up by 36 months. Strategies to improve vaccination of these high-risk infants are needed.
Elhízással összefüggő csökkent alvásminőség és nem megfelelő alvásidőtartam két erdélyi roma alcsoportban
Authors: Szabo Monica Iudita Maria , Máté Beáta , Frigy Attila
Published: August 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality may be associated with weight gain; this association has not yet been studied in Roma (Gipsy) population. Aim: Our aim was to study sleep patterns in two adult Roma subgroups (the wealthy Gabor and the poor Lovari Roma), compared to the majority of Hungarian population, in relation to obesity, knowing that Roma population has specific socio-cultural characteristics, with a rapidly changing lifestyle. Method: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in a rural region in Transylvania, where the above groups are cohabiting. The groups were age- and gender-matched. Results: Sleep duration was 7.18 ± 1.6 hours in the Gabor Roma, 7.67 ± 1.5 hours in the Lovari Roma and 7.37 ± 1.5 hours in the non-Roma group. In average, 70% of them had enough sleep (≥7 hours). 38.6% of Gabor Roma, 27.1% of Lovari Roma and 23.5% of non-Roma had poor-quality sleep (p = 0.05). Gabor Roma had significantly higher body mass index (31.1 ± 4.6 versus 27.4 ± 5.2 and 28.66 ± 5.7 kg/m2, p = 0.004), and this correlated inversely with sleep duration (F = 14.85, p<0.000). Conclusion: Gabor Roma had significantly higher percentage of poor-quality sleep. Sleep duration and sleep quality were linked with obesity, mainly in the Roma population. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(32): 1279–1283.
Behaviour of expansive clay beds with fly-ash-stabilised clay cushion
Authors: Phanikumar B. R.
Published: August 2019

Stabilisation of expansive soils with various additives such as lime and fly ash has been shown to be a viable technique to counteract heave and shrinkage. This paper presents experimental results obtained from tests performed on expansive clay beds with fly-ash-stabilised clay cushions of varying thicknesses and fly-ash content. The amount and rate of heave, swelling pressure and stress–settlement characteristics of the expansive clay beds were studied. The results indicated that when fly-ash-stabilised clay cushions were provided over expansive clay beds, heave and swelling pressure decreased in comparison with the heave and swelling pressure of untreated expansive clay beds but, heave and swelling pressure increased with increasing fly-ash content for a given thickness of the cushion. For a given fly-ash content, however, heave and swelling pressure decreased with increasing thickness. Heave reduced by 70% when a 75 mm thick clay cushion stabilised with 10% fly-ash content was used. The stress–settlement characteristics of the expansive clay beds with a fly-ash-stabilised clay cushion improved. The settlement of the footing on a 50 mm thick clay cushion decreased by about 43% when the fly-ash content was increased from 0 to 10%.
Effect of compactive effort on the performance of fine-grained soil–cement mixtures
Authors: Ali Ammar , Cortes Douglas D. , Weldon Brad , Bandini Paola , Lommler John C.
Published: August 2019

Cement stabilisation is a common chemical ground improvement technique. However, the energy-intensive production of Portland cement and its associated high carbon dioxide emissions give soil–cement mixtures a low sustainability rating. Cement treatment of fine-grained soils is particularly problematic due to the relatively high cement contents used in practice (i.e. >12% by mass). Decreasing the amount of cement necessary to ensure appropriate mechanical performance in roadway subgrades, particularly fine-grained subgrades, could rapidly enhance the sustainability rating of cement stabilisation. This work explored the behaviour of low- and high-plasticity clays treated with low cement contents (3–6% by mass). In this experimental study, the small- and large-strain mechanical responses of the materials were evaluated using P-wave velocity and unconfined compression tests, respectively. The results indicate that the small-strain stiffness and strength of soil–cement mixtures is very sensitive to changes in compaction water content and compactive effort. The authors conclude that while the practical application of low-cement–soil mixtures is possible, it requires strict construction control and adherence to very tight tolerances, which makes it impractical for most highway construction projects.
Innovative design and construction of a permanent elastic timber gridshell
Authors: Lara-Bocanegra Antonio José , Roig Antonio , Majano-Majano Almudena , Guaita Manuel
Published: August 2019

This paper presents a new elastic timber gridshell built to cover a wood storage area at the Timber Engineering Laboratory of the University of Santiago de Compostela in Spain. It is the first permanent elastic timber gridshell to be built in the country and the first in the world to be made of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. It includes various novelties for timber gridshells, such as a long-shell structural concept supported only on its short sides and the use of a third direction of bent laths to give the shell in-plane shear stiffness. Several research and development concepts have been implemented by the authors in this new gridshell. The design and structural analysis processes, experimental research for the development of 24 m long laths without mechanical joints, structural details and information about the construction method are described.
Extendable Geoslicer: A New Technique in Collecting Unconsolidated Sediment and Soil Samples
Authors: Yulianto Eko , Supriatna Nandang , Lili Endang
Published: August 2019

DOI:10.17014/ijog.6.2.115-122Geoslicer is a field gear for active fault geology studies invented in Japan, in 1997. It was formerly addressed to overcome some difficulties in studying active faults. Lately, it has also been applied for tsunami, geological, liquefaction geology, geo-archaeology, and Quaternary geology in common. Despite evidently effective in those studies, it still bears several disadvantages. Several modifications and developments have been implemented to eliminate these disadvantages. A new type geoslicer was invented as a result, Extendable Geoslicer. This new type geoslicer has been tested and showed good performance in relation with the disadvantages of the old type. Extendable geoslicer is evidently operated more easily, cheaper, handier, and works in all field types.
Exhumation and Tectonomagmatic Processes of the Granitoid Rocks from Sulawesi, Indonesia: Constrain from Petrochemistry and Geothermobarometry Study
Authors: Maulana Adi , Imai Akira , Watanabe Koichiro , Van Leeuwen Theo , Widodo Sri , Musri Musri
Published: August 2019

DOI:10.17014/ijog.6.2.153-174Exhumation and tectonomagmatic processes of the granitoid from Sulawesi were discussed using petrochemistry (e.g. petrographic and major element compositions) and geothermobarometry data (mineral chemistry data). Detailed petrographic observations were conducted to determine the mineral composition, texture, and structure of the granitoid rocks, whereas the whole rock composition were determined using XRF method, and the mineral chemistry was analyzed using Electron Microprobe Analyzer (EPMA). The granitoids are classified as calc-alkaline, metaluminous I-type. Pressures of 0.91 to 1.2 kbar and emplacement depths of 3.2 to 4.3 km at temperatures of 677 - 729°C were estimated for Mamasa Pluton. Whereas Masamba Pluton was emplaced at pressures of 2.3 to 2.8 kbar, temperatures of 756 - 774°C, and emplacement depths of 8.2 to 10 km. Moreover, Lalos-Toli and Sony Plutons were emplaced at temperatures of 731 to 736°C and 601 to 609°C, respectively. The pressures varying from 3.1 to 3.3 kbar and 3.2 to 3.4 kbar, equate to an emplacement depth of 11.3 and 11.6 km, respectively. Gorontalo Pluton emplaced at temperatures of 662 - 668°C with the pressure range from 2.6 to 2.7 kbar, is equivalent to 9.3 km deep. Varied oxidation state (ranging from -14 to 19) is inferred from the mineral assemblages, showing a strong association with highly oxidized I-type series granitic rocks. The exhumation rate estimation shows that Mamasa and Masamba Plutons were exhumed respectively at a rate of 0.37 and 1.6 mm/year, whereas Lalos-Toli and Sony Plutons at 1.4 and 2.7 mm/year, respectively. Gorontalo Pluton located in the Northern Sulawesi Province was exhumed at 0.42 mm/year. The rapid exhumation rate of Sony Pluton is attributed to the active vertical movement of Palu-Koro Fault Zone which has been active since Pliocene. It shows that faulting may play an important role in differential exhumation of intrusive bodies in the orogenic belt.