bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Christopher Okigbo’s Poetics and the Politics of Canonization
Authors: Abba Abba A.
Published: November 2017

Christopher Okigbo conveyed in his poetry the sense of patriotism and personal anguish at the monstrosity of a benighted nation. Some critics have argued that Okigbo was not only obsessive in his depictions of metaphors that incarnated the recurring trope of death, but also embodied a death wish culminating in his death in the Nigeria–Biafra war. They further argue that he embodied a suicidal impulse that motivated his general conduct and death in that battle. Unfortunately, only a handful of scholars have sought to contest this view and to illuminate Okigbo’s self-immolation in the name of a higher duty. To be sure, suicide and martyrdom may go beyond the question of dying to the problem of laying one’s death dramatically at someone else’s door. Following Kant’s theory of the ethical act, this paper undertakes a critical intervention that reappraises some of Okigbo’s poetry as well as documented accounts of his life in order to identify him appropriately: is he a genuine martyr or a mere suicide who presides ritually over his own dismemberment, or both? Examining lines of his poetry that have been misread as embodying his ‘haunting’ death-wish, on the one hand, and evidence of his self-giving impulse, on the other, the paper seeks to articulate how Okigbo as a tragic poet transcends his destiny by submitting to it—victor and victim at once. In its conclusion, the paper reconciles Okigbo’s will to heroic action with the symbolic meaning that is locked in his poetry in order to justify his ascension to the rank of martyr.
The Rhetoric of Return in Kunle Afolayan’s Film October 1
Authors: Sesan Azeez Akinwumi
Published: November 2017

The popularity of Nollywood movies has established their relevance in cultural studies to interrogating afresh the presumed norms among people of ethno-cultural and racial difference. To this end, film critics have focused their attention on the theme and genre studies of Nollywood movies with a view to relating the issues in the film texts to the often heated sociological debates on coloniality in African socio-cultural and political experiences. Kunle Afolayan’s October 1 contributes to these raging debates through the motif of return (return to self, return of nation, and return to nation) that runs through the film text. This motif of return contributes to the overall film gestalt through characterization and plot. Postcolonial theory is adopted to describe the return motif through the investigation of consciousness, nostalgia, and trauma, as experienced individually or collectively. The theory explains the nature, pattern, and dimensions of adjustment and adaptation of individuals, communities, and the nation to complexity and dynamism of change during colonial encounters and the journey towards political independence on October 1. The kernel of the movie’s argument is that the country’s independence was heralded by hypocrisy, dishonesty, and violence. The movie thus questions the misconceived notion of racial purity by the white racists through their ignoble role in the return process of the country at the attainment of political independence on 1 October 1960.
The Protective Impact of Immigrant Concentration on Juvenile Recidivism: A Multilevel Examination of Potential Mechanisms
Authors: Wolff Kevin T. , Intravia Jonathan , Baglivio Michael T. , Piquero Alex R.
Published: November 2017

Both macro- and micro-level research suggests that immigration is unrelated or negatively associated with crime and violence. However, far less research has examined the indirect effects of immigrant concentration on individual-level criminal behavior, and specifically with respect to persistent offending. Moreover, researchers have only begun to explore the mechanisms that link neighborhood context, such as immigrant concentration, to individual outcomes. Thus, identification of the potential mechanisms that may mediate the effect of immigrant concentration on offending remains little understood. Using a unique sample of more than 26,000 youthful offenders from the state of Florida, multilevel structural equation modeling (MSEM) analyses reveal that family structure, familial incarceration, and social ties partially mediate the effect of immigrant concentration on youth reoffending. Findings and implications from the present study are discussed, along with policy implications and future directions for research in this area.
The Combined Effect of Cold and Moisture on Manual Performance
Authors: Ray Matthew , Sanli Elizabeth , Brown Robert , Ennis Kerri Ann , Carnahan Heather
Published: November 2017

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effect of cold and moisture on manual performance and tactile sensitivity.

Background

People working in the ocean environment often perform manual work in cold and wet conditions. Although the independent effects of cold and moisture on hand function are known, their combined effect has not been investigated.

Method

Participants completed sensory (Touch-Test, two-point discrimination) and motor (Purdue Pegboard, Grooved Pegboard, reef knot untying) tests in the following conditions: dry hand, wet hand, cold hand, and cold and wet hand.

Results

For the Purdue Pegboard and knot untying tasks, the greatest decrement in performance was observed in the cold-and-wet-hand condition, whereas the decrements seen in the cold-hand and wet-hand conditions were similar. In the Grooved Pegboard task, the performance decrements exhibited in the cold-and-wet-hand condition and the cold-hand condition were similar, whereas no decrement was observed in the wet-hand condition. Tactile sensitivity was reduced in the cold conditions for the Touch-Test but not the two-point discrimination test.

Conclusion:

The combined effect of cold and moisture led to the largest performance decrements except when intrinsic object properties helped with grasp maintenance. The independent effects of cold and moisture on manual performance were comparable.

Application

Tools and equipment for use in the cold ocean environment should be designed to minimize the effects of cold and moisture on manual performance by including object properties that enhance grasp maintenance and minimize the fine-dexterity requirements.
The Refuge of the Academy: Response to Socrates Tenured
Authors: Sassower Raphael
Published: November 2017

In response to and as an elaboration on Robert Frodeman and Adam Briggle’s Socrates Tenured, I wish to recognize the notion of practical philosophers as both public intellectuals and as those who may find refuge in the academy in order to shed the pretense of expertise, on the one hand, and the esoteric engagement with topics irrelevant to the affairs of contemporary culture, on the other.
Young mentors’ relationship capacity: Parent–child connectedness, attitudes toward mentees, empathy, and perceived match quality
Authors: Doty Jennifer L. , Weiler Lindsey M. , Mehus Christopher J. , McMorris Barbara J.
Published: November 2017

Because the responsibility of developing strong connections to mentees often depends on mentors themselves, examining mentor qualities and relational capacity may identify malleable factors—or potential points of intervention—to improve perceived match quality. Relational capacity has been proposed as a theoretical concept for understanding how mentors’ previous experience, characteristics, and skills relate to mentoring quality. Our conceptual model posited that parent–child relationships build young mentors’ relational capacity for successful mentoring relationships. Using data from young mentors age 15–26 participating in the Big Brothers/Big Sisters school-based mentoring program ( n = 155), this study extends current knowledge by examining potential mediators of the relationship between young mentors’ perceived parent–child connectedness and perceived match quality. Attitudes toward mentees and empathy skills mediated the relationship between parent–child connectedness and perceived match quality. Findings suggest that parent–child connectedness contributes to attitudes and skills that may strengthen perceived match quality. From a positive youth development perspective, young mentors with low relational capacity may require support to ensure high-quality matches.
From Economic Security to Equality: Frieda Miller, Esther Peterson, and the Revival of the Alternative View of Public Administration, 1945-1964
Authors: McGuire John Thomas
Published: November 2017

This article examines how Frieda Miller and Esther Peterson, two influential directors of the U.S. Department of Labor’s Women’s Bureau after World War II, revived and continued the alternative view of public administration through a combination of primary and secondary sources. Miller, who served as director from 1944 through 1953, reestablished a social justice–centered view of public administration through the creation of a special advisory committee and the institution of a new agenda that stressed equality over economic security. Peterson, who served from 1961 through 1964, quickly moved the Women’s Bureau into a political network with women’s labor leaders and the John F. Kennedy presidential administration, helping to create the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women (PCSW) and to enact a federal Equal Pay Act.
Preoperative quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging predict aggressive disease in endometrial cancer
Authors: Fasmer Kristine E , Bjørnerud Atle , Ytre-Hauge Sigmund , Grüner Renate , Tangen Ingvild L , Werner Henrica MJ , Bjørge Line , Salvesen Øyvind O , Trovik Jone , Krakstad Camilla , Haldorsen Ingfrid S
Published: November 2017

Background

Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) may yield preoperative tumor biomarkers relevant for prognosis and therapy in cancer.

Purpose

To explore the value of preoperative DCE-MRI and DWI for the prediction of aggressive disease in endometrial cancer patients.

Material and Methods

Preoperative MRI (1.5-T) from 177 patients were analyzed and imaging parameters reflecting tumor microvasculature (from DCE-MRI) and tumor microstructure (from DWI) were estimated. The derived imaging parameters were explored in relation to clinico-pathological stage, histological subtype and grade, molecular markers, and patient outcome.

Results

Low tumor blood flow (Fb) and low rate constant for contrast agent intravasation (kep) were associated with high-risk histological subtype ( P ≤ 0.04 for both) and tended to be associated with poor prognosis ( P ≤ 0.09). Low tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and large tumor volume were both significantly associated with deep myometrial invasion ( P < 0.001 for both) and were also unfavorable prognostic factors ( P = 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion

DCE-MRI and DWI represent valuable supplements to conventional MRI by providing preoperative imaging biomarkers that predict aggressive disease in endometrial cancer patients.
Evaluation of a simulation clinic for improving occupational therapy students’ perceptions of interaction with parents and infants
Authors: Springfield Elizabeth , Honnery Michael , Bennett Sally
Published: November 2017

Introduction

Occupational therapy education programmes need to graduate students who can confidently and safely deliver child and youth services. This study explores whether a simulation clinic could increase student perceived knowledge and confidence and decrease student anxiety to better prepare them for professional child and youth practice.

Method

This study used a pre–post quasi-experimental design. Second-year undergraduate and first-year graduate entry master's level occupational therapy students participated in the simulation clinic as a component of an occupational therapy child and youth course. Students completed pre- and post-simulation questionnaires to measure perceived knowledge, confidence, and anxiety related to infant and parent interactions.

Findings

A sample of 100 students reported significant improvements for perceived knowledge (all p < 0.001) and confidence (all p < 0.001) across all four skills targeted for development in this simulation: Communication, Information Gathering, Information Sharing, and Clinical Intervention Skills. Students reported a significant decrease in anxiety for parental ( p < 0.001) and infant ( p < 0.001) interaction, and felt the experience to have been highly valuable and realistic.

Conclusion

Findings indicate that simulation is a valuable tool for preparing occupational therapy students to work with infant and parent interaction. Further research investigating the effect of simulation on student competence is recommended.
Local-level immigration and life satisfaction: The EU enlargement experience in England and Wales
Authors: Ivlevs Artjoms , Veliziotis Michail
Published: November 2017

The 2004 European Union enlargement resulted in an unprecedented wave of 1.5 million workers relocating from Eastern Europe to the UK. We study the links between this migrant inflow and life satisfaction of native residents in England and Wales. Combining the British Household Panel Survey with the Local Authority level administrative data from the Worker Registration Scheme, we find that higher levels of local immigration were associated with a decrease in life satisfaction among older, unemployed and lower-income people, and with an increase in life satisfaction among younger, employed, higher-income and better educated people. These findings are driven by the initial ‘migration shock’ – the inflows that occurred in the first two years after the enlargement. Overall, our study highlights the importance of local-level immigration in shaping the life satisfaction of receiving populations. We also argue that our results help explain the socio-demographic patterns observed in the UK Brexit vote.
Readers perceive deceptive graphics as less credible
Authors: Geidner Nick , Cameron Jaclyn
Published: November 2017

This study examines individuals’ understanding and judgment of news information graphics. Specifically, an experimental design was used to examine the effects of deceptive design practices on the amount of time the user spent on the graphic, information recall and perceptions of credibility. These effects were examined in a general and political news context. In the sample (N = 239), participants recalled more information from the deceptive graphic and found it less credible than the non-biased graphic.
African American weeklies see paid circulation decline
Authors: Lacy Stephen , Combs Sandra L. , Krier Daniel
Published: November 2017

This study examines business trends for African American newspapers from 1993 to 2013, the period in which digital distribution emerged and the Great Recession occurred. By 2013, roughly 151 weeklies existed, a net loss of 30 weeklies over two decades. During this time, paid circulation declined, free circulation increased, open line advertising rates increased, and the percentage of weeklies owned by groups increased slightly. African American newspapers were more aggressive than general circulation weeklies in adding websites.
Description and evaluation of a peracetic acid air sampling and analysis method
Authors: Nordling John , Kinsky Owen R , Osorio Magdalena , Pechacek Nathan
Published: November 2017

Peracetic acid (PAA) is a corrosive chemical with a pungent odor, which is extensively used in occupational settings and causes various health hazards in exposed workers. Currently, there is no US government agency recommended method that could be applied universally for the sampling and analysis of PAA. Legacy methods for determining airborne PAA vapor levels frequently suffered from cross-reactivity with other chemicals, particularly hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Therefore, to remove the confounding factor of cross-reactivity, a new viable, sensitive method was developed for assessment of PAA exposure levels, based on the differential reaction kinetics of PAA with methyl p-tolylsulfide (MTS), relative to H2O2, to preferentially derive methyl p-tolysulfoxide (MTSO). By quantifying MTSO concentration produced in the liquid capture solution from an air sampler, using an internal standard, and utilizing the reaction stoichiometry of PAA and MTS, the original airborne concentration of PAA is determined. After refining this liquid trap high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method in the laboratory, it was tested in five workplace settings where PAA products were used. PAA levels ranged from the detection limit of 0.013 parts per million (ppm) to 0.4 ppm. The results indicate a viable and potentially dependable method to assess the concentrations of PAA vapors under occupational exposure scenarios, though only a small number of field measurements were taken while field testing this method. However, the low limit of detection and precision offered by this method makes it a strong candidate for further testing and validation to expand the uses of this liquid trap HPLC method.
3D simulation study on the influence of lubricant oil droplets on pre-ignition in turbocharged DISI engines
Authors: Huang Yongcheng , Li Yaoting , Zhang Wenjia , Meng Fansheng , Guo Zhechen
Published: November 2017

A skeletal chemical kinetic model for the simulation of auto-ignition and flame propagation characteristics of primary reference fuel (PRF) was developed. Coupled with this model, 3D simulations were applied to investigate the influence of lubricant oil droplets on pre-ignition in a turbocharged direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engine at low-speed high-load operating conditions. First, a simulation study on the influence of a lubricant oil droplet on auto-ignition of gasoline substitute and air mixture was performed in a constant-volume chamber. The results revealed that with an increase of the lubricant oil droplet diameter, the ignition delay time for the air/fuel mixture initially decreased and then increased. The ignition delay time was further shortened with the increase of the temperature of the lubricant oil droplet and the temperature and pressure of the mixture. Moreover, it was found that when n-heptane (n-C7H16) was used as a substitute for the direct evaporation product of the lubricant oil droplet, the shortening of the ignition delay time for the air/fuel mixture caused by lubricant oil evaporation was not enough to initiate pre-ignition. When octyl hydrogen peroxide ketone (C8KET) was chosen as a representative of the accumulated stable reactive radicals, the ignition delay time was significantly shortened and was short enough to trigger pre-ignition. Therefore, pre-ignition may not be induced by the direct evaporation product of an lubricant oil droplet but by the accumulated stable reactive radicals. A simulation study on auto-ignition and flame propagation of the air/fuel mixture with the presence of a lubricant oil droplet was then conducted in a turbocharged DISI engine. The results successfully predicted the auto-ignition of the air/fuel mixture near the lubricant oil droplet before the spark ignition timing. Finally, a more convincing mechanism for pre-ignition induced by lubricant oil droplets is proposed to provide some clues for further investigation.
Clamping force control based on dynamic model estimation for electromechanical brakes
Authors: Park Giseo , Choi Seibum B
Published: November 2017

The electromechanical brake (EMB) is expected to be utilized for future brake systems due to its many advantages. In this paper, keeping commercialization of the EMB in mind, a new EMB clamping force controller is proposed to overcome the limitations of the existing controller, namely, the extra cost for sensor installation and response delay. To design the controller, both mechanical parts and electrical parts in the EMB have to be mathematically analyzed. Also, dynamic models, clamping force, and friction torque are estimated to generate some feed-forward terms of the controller. With an estimation of the contact point where brake pads start to come into contact with a disk wheel, the clamping force is expressed as a polynomial curve versus the motor angle. The estimated clamping force is evaluated in comparison with measured values by a load cell. The proposed controller is based on an adaptive sliding mode control method with an adaptive law reducing errors of the friction torque model. Lastly, the performance of the entire control system is compared with that of the existing controller on a test bench.
Recognizing the Full Costs of Care? Compensation for Families in South Africa’s Silicosis Class Action
Authors: Goldblatt Beth , Rai Shirin M
Published: November 2017

This article concerns recognition and compensation of the intimate, gendered work of caring by family members for workers who became ill with lung diseases as a result of poor labour conditions in the mines in South Africa. It focuses on a recent decision by a court in South Africa ( Nkala and Others v. Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited and Others, 2016) that took the unusual step of acknowledging this care work and attempting to compensate it indirectly. The article combines insights from political economy and law within a feminist frame to develop an argument about compensation for social reproductive work to address the harm experienced by the carers of mineworkers. Using the theory of depletion through social reproduction, it suggests ways of understanding the costs of care in order to fully compensate the harms suffered by the carers. This is done with reference to a photographic essay by Thom Pierce called ‘The Price of Gold’ taken in the mineworkers’ homes after their discharge from work due to illness. The article argues that ideas of depletion should inform any consideration of compensation of people engaged in caring in a range of reparatory contexts.
Board Diversity and Employee Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Progressive Programs
Authors: Creek Steven A. , Kuhn Kristine M. , Sahaym Arvin
Published: November 2017

While a number of previous studies have examined how the demographic diversity of corporate board members influences firm performance and diversity policies, we know little about its effects on employee attitudes. Drawing on organizational support and social exchange theories, we propose that firms with demographically diverse boards are more likely to adopt progressive management programs valued by employees and that such corporate-level practices, in turn, promote higher levels of employee satisfaction. We analyze data from 420 companies across many industries to examine the effects of corporate board diversity on employee satisfaction, and find the relationship to be mediated by the implementation of specific corporate practices. Firms with diverse boards are more likely to adopt programs that signal organizational support for employees and benevolence, and these programs foster more positive satisfaction levels.
Cancer Pain and its Management: A Survey on Interns’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Barriers
Authors: Nimmaanrat Sasikaan , Prechawai Chatchai , Phungrassami Temsak
Published: November 2017

Objective

We conducted this study to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of interns regarding cancer pain and its management.

Materials and methods

This study included 116 interns recently graduated from the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University. They provided their demographic characteristics and completed a questionnaire in regards to their knowledge and attitudes about cancer pain and its management.

Results

Data were obtained from 116 interns. The majority of interns did not hesitate to provide maximal doses of analgesics for patients in severe pain when the prognosis was poor. A significant number favored to prescribe pethidine more than morphine and thought that pethidine caused less harmful effects in long-term use. Most respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they would prescribe opioids carefully to avoid tolerance and addiction. They considered that barriers to effective pain management were inadequate knowledge, inadequate pain assessment and lack of time to attend patients’ requirements.

Conclusion

The interns demonstrated positive attitudes toward cancer pain and its management, principally on opioid usage. However, a significant number of them had misconceptions in terms of knowledge for prescribing opioids. To provide better cancer pain management, attention must be given to improving the curriculum and integrating it into clinical practice.
Feminist birds of passage: Feminist and migrant becomings of Latin American women in Spain
Authors: Gordano Peile Cecilia
Published: November 2017

This article focuses on the articulations of migration and gender, from the vantage point of women whose feminist experiences have been both enriched and challenged by migration and vice versa. It presents the results of a qualitative research study of five Latin American women who migrated to Barcelona and felt close to feminisms. The author draws on feminist and postcolonial approaches to migration studies that highlight the active role women play in migratory processes as well as how intersectional variables of ethnic origin, socioeconomic class, education and family contexts are articulated, configuring different power relations and resources in specific sociohistorical contexts. The results challenge widespread stereotypes about migrant women by revealing a rich diversity of profiles, motivations and migratory pathways, as well as how informants’ experiences of social activism across national borders have transformed their subject formation processes and re-positioned them as active subjects of political action.
Reducing sound and light exposure to improve sleep on the adult intensive care unit: An inclusive narrative review
Authors: Bion Victoria , Lowe Alex SW , Puthucheary Zudin , Montgomery Hugh
Published: November 2017

Purpose

Sleep disturbance is common in intensive care units. It is associated with detrimental psychological impacts and has potential to worsen outcome. Irregular exposure to sound and light may disrupt circadian rhythm and cause frequent arousals from sleep. We sought to review the efficacy of environmental interventions to reduce sound and light exposure with the aim of improving patient sleep on adult intensive care units.

Methods

We searched both PubMed (1966–30 May 2017) and Embase (1974–30 May 2017) for all relevant human (adult) studies and meta-analyses published in English using search terms ((intensive care OR critical care), AND (sleep OR sleep disorders), AND (light OR noise OR sound)). Bibliographies were explored. Articles were included if reporting change in patient sleep in response to an intervention to reduce disruptive intensive care unit sound /light exposure.

Results

Fifteen studies were identified. Nine assessed mechanical interventions, four of which used polysomnography to assess sleep. Five studies looked at environmental measures to facilitate sleep and a further two (one already included as assessing a mechanical intervention) studied the use of sound to promote sleep. Most studies found a positive impact of the intervention on sleep. However, few studies used objective sleep assessments, sample sizes were small, methodologies sometimes imperfect and analysis limited. Data are substantially derived from specialist (neurosurgical, post-operative, cardiothoracic and cardiological) centres. Patients were often at the ‘less sick’ end of the spectrum in a variety of settings (open ward beds or side rooms).

Conclusions

Simple measures to reduce intensive care unit patient sound/light exposure appear effective. However, larger and more inclusive high-quality studies are required in order to identify the measures most effective in different patient groups and any impacts on outcome.
Proving the Obvious? What Sensationalism Contributes to the Time Spent on News Video
Authors: Hendriks Vettehen Paul , Kleemans Mariska
Published: November 2017

This study investigates the truism that sensationalism in news is a guarantee for success in terms of selling the story to the public. More specifically, it investigates the impact of sensationalist content and packaging features on news viewing behavior. A web-based experiment among 190 participants was conducted in which participants could watch a maximum of 16 news stories that varied in content (neutral vs. negative stories) and packaging (standard vs. tabloid stories). The viewing time per news story was the dependent variable. Results show that sensationalism stimulates viewing time, but also that there are limits to the power of sensationalism. In all, the truism about sensationalism as a guarantee for success appears to be largely true, but not completely.
Increasing Medical Trainees’ Empathy Through Volunteerism and Mentorship
Authors: Dussán Kathleen Bronson , Leidal Adam , Corriveau Nicole , Montgomery Daniel , Eagle Kim A , LaHood Barbara J
Published: November 2017

Background:

Within medical education, there have been recent calls for increased understanding and exposure to poverty to increase trainees’ empathy toward the underserved. Students participating in Michigan Cardiovascular Outcomes Research and Reporting Program research program volunteered at World Medical Relief (WMR) in Detroit, Michigan, a nonprofit organization which recycles medical equipment for developing countries and within greater Detroit. Participants’ perceptions of the underserved were measured before and after the experience.

Methods:

Preliminary questionnaires were given to participants prior to and after exposures at WMR. Questionnaires examined participants’ attitudes toward the underserved, knowledge of medical supply reuse, and their perceived ability to impact change. P values of <.025 were considered significant.

Results:

A total of 39 participants completed the survey, 77% previously volunteered, 33% had volunteered internationally. Participants were >4× more likely than previously to have knowledge of the variety of recycled medical supplies at WMR. Prior to volunteering, 48.7% of participants gave little thought to how excess medical supplies could be collected versus 0% after exposure. Participants were 1.5× more likely to agree that the experience was enhanced working with their peers and 2.7× more likely to consider starting their own organization/intervention for medical supply donations. Those participants that never previously volunteered were 1.3× more likely to do so with encouragement from a mentor.

Conclusions:

Encouraging exposure to such service programs resulted in enhanced knowledge of community resources and increased motivation to participate in outreach and belief of individual responsibility to care for the underserved. Incorporating volunteerism into traditional education programs offers the opportunity to build awareness and interest in students reaching out to the underserved.
Vaccination with autologous myeloblasts admixed with GM-K562 cells in patients with advanced MDS or AML after allogeneic HSCT
Authors: Ho Vincent T. , Kim Haesook T. , Bavli Natalie , Mihm Martin , Pozdnyakova Olga , Piesche Matthias , Daley Heather , Reynolds Carol , Souders Nicholas C. , Cutler Corey , Koreth John , Alyea Edwin P. , Antin Joseph H. , Ritz Jerome , Dranoff Glenn , Soiffer Robert J.
Published: November 2017

Key Points

GM-K562 admixed leukemia cell vaccination after allogeneic HSCT has biologic activity in MDS/AML. Postvaccination antibody response to angiopoeitin-2 is associated with improved outcomes.
Amyloid β42 peptide is toxic to non-neural cells inDrosophilayielding a characteristic metabolite profile and the effect can be suppressed by PI3K
Authors: Arnés Mercedes , Casas-Tintó Sergio , Malmendal Anders , Ferrús Alberto
Published: November 2017

The human Aβ42 peptide is associated with Alzheimer's disease through its deleterious effects in neurons. Expressing the human peptide in adult Drosophila in a tissue- and time-controlled manner, we show that Aβ42 is also toxic in non-neural cells, neurosecretory and epithelial cell types in particular. This form of toxicity includes the aberrant signaling by Wingless morphogen leading to the eventual activation of Caspase 3. Preventing Caspase 3 activation by means of p53 keeps epithelial cells from elimination but maintains the Aβ42 toxicity yielding more severe deleterious effects to the organism. Metabolic profiling by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of adult flies at selected ages post Aβ42 expression onset reveals characteristic changes in metabolites as early markers of the pathological process. All morphological and most metabolic features of Aβ42 toxicity can be suppressed by the joint overexpression of PI3K.
IL-15 enhances cross-reactive antibody recall responses to seasonal H3 influenza viruses in vitro
Authors: Huang Junqiong , Hilchey Shannon P. , Wang Jiong , Gerigan Jessica , Zand Martin S.
Published: November 2017

Background:Recently, several human monoclonal antibodies that target conserved epitopes on the stalk region of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) have shown broad reactivity to influenza A subtypes. Also, vaccination with recombinant chimeric HA or stem fragments from H3 influenza viruses induce broad immune protection in mice and humans. However, it is unclear whether stalk-binding antibodies can be induced in human memory B cells by seasonal H3N2 viruses.

Methods: In this study, we recruited 13 donors previously exposed to H3 viruses, the majority (12 of 13) of which had been immunized with seasonal influenza vaccines. We evaluated plasma baseline strain-specific and stalk-reactive anti-HA antibodies and B cell recall responses to inactivated H3N2 A/Victoria/361/2011 virusin vitrousing a high throughput multiplex (mPlex-Flu) assay.

Results:Stalk-reactive IgG was detected in the plasma of 7 of the subjects. Inactivated H3 viral particles rapidly induced clade cross-reactive antibodies in B cell cultures derived from all 13 donors. In addition, H3 stalk-reactive antibodies were detected in culture supernatants from 7 of the 13 donors (53.8%).  H3 stalk-reactive antibodies were also induced by H1 and H7 subtypes. Interestingly, broadly cross-reactive antibody recall responses to H3 strains were also enhanced by stimulating B cellsin vitrowith CpG2006ODN in the presence of IL-15. H3 stalk-reactive antibodies were detected in  CpG2006ODN + IL-15 stimulated B cell cultures derived from 12 of the 13 donors (92.3%), with high levels detected in cultures from 7 of the 13 donors.

Conclusions:Our results demonstrate that stalk-reactive antibody recall responses induced by seasonal H3 viruses and CpG2006ODN can be enhanced by IL-15.
Some approaches to the study of the emotional manifestation
Authors: Нерослов Александр , Neroslov Aleksandr
Published: November 2017

The article is devoted to the analysis of some theoretical and methodological problems of the study of facial expressions and gestures as an emotional manifestation. The social significance of this problem is that the study of facial expressions, gestures and emotions will help to better understand the nature of the origin of these formations, the mechanisms of their interrelation with each other and with the surrounding world, the principles and laws of their interaction, which will allow developing systems for better understanding of nonverbal information, and thus increase the effectiveness of communication.
Methodology of learning military servicing skills for mental self-regulation
Authors: Анашкин Олег , Anashkin Oleg , Марычева Светлана , Marycheva Svetlana
Published: November 2017

The article considers the approach to the training of military personnel in the skills of psychic self-regulation. The technology of training personnel for the method of voluntary self-regulation of states of consciousness is analyzed by V.E. Popov. The contents of the six lessons are detailed in the context of training military personnel. The proposed method of mobilizing internal reserves and activating combat training activities can be an effective help and a reliable assistant in the daily life of military personnel. Mastering the methods of psychic self-regulation increases the culture of the personnel, providing mental health and professional longevity.
Recharging the batteries
Authors: Short Emma
Published: November 2017

Emma Short BSc Hons, nutritionist at Baileys Horse Feeds explains why winter feed is so important in preparation for the next competition season
Managing and preventing flat feet
Authors: Brown Claire
Published: November 2017

Claire Brown reports on the latest Stromsholm farriery clinic
The equine sarcoid – never just a wart!
Authors: Knottenbelt Derek
Published: November 2017

In the first of a new series, Professor Derek Knottenbelt, of Equine Medical Solutions Ltd explains why it is so imperative that sarcoids are treated as early as possible
Mild to moderate equine asthma — an overview
Authors: Pirie R Scott
Published: November 2017

R Scott Pirie, Professor of Equine Clinical Sciences, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies discusses the diagnosis and treatment of this not uncommon condition
Coping with chronic laminitis
Authors: Watson Rebecca
Published: November 2017

Rebecca Watson concludes her short series on laminitis
Creating an anti-bullying culture
Authors: Oram Rebecca
Published: November 2017

As Anti-Bullying Week approaches, what can schools do to prevent bullying among their pupils? Rebecca Oram looks at some practices to take on board
Housing: A helping hand
Authors: Stanley Julian
Published: November 2017

The impact of stagnating salaries and rising housing costs is becoming clear for many in the teaching profession. Julian Stanley looks at what help is out there
Building Blocks for Effective Strategic Design
Authors: Calabretta Giulia , Gemser Gerda
Published: November 2017

In this article, we discuss an emerging professional design field: strategic design. We define strategic design as a professional field in which designers use their design practices to co-determine strategy formulation and implementation towards innovative outcomes that benefit people and organizations alike. Based on research that is codified in our recent book (Strategic Design: Eight Essential Practices Every Strategic Designer Must Master), we explain core elements of strategic design: that is strategic design being co-created, consisting of effective practices and having impact on multiple stakeholders. In our article, we also describe essential characteristics of strategic designers, in particular their ability to balance diverging and often contrasting goals and to engage in strategizing while operating in multidisciplinary teams. Furthermore, we provide suggestions on how to structure a strategic design project in three core phases: preparing the ground, co-creating the outcome and embedding the outcome. Finally, we indicate future research directions that would result in much needed knowledge on effective strategic design.
Defence by Design: Redesigning the Acquisition Process for the Royal Australian Air Force
Authors: Straker Karla
Published: November 2017

This article presents the process undertaken by the Royal Australian Air Force’s (RAAF) Plan Jericho team and the Design Innovation Research Centre to redesign the existing procurement process. The implementation of a design-led innovation process led to key results such as early industry engagement in the procurement process to overcome prevailing issues and risks. Key to this process was the sharing of expertise and perspectives (empathy) of stakeholders and allowing industry participants to have input into the tender requirement document and process. Implementing design methods such as prototyping into the procurement aims to lower risks and costs associated in the current process, via co-creation, testing and refining solutions in a shorter time frame. Findings demonstrated why, where and how design can be implemented into an area other than technology innovation within a Defence context, contributing to the ongoing debate regarding design’s role and value in complex problems with multiple stakeholders.
Informal sector in urban areas in Tanzania: some socio-demographic, economic and legal aspects
Authors: Muhanga Mikidadi
Published: November 2017

Urban settings worldwide are homes to the informal sector due to the sector’s vast potentiality in terms of employment and income generation. Very little is found throughout the literature on the socio-demographic attributes of the informal sector in Tanzania despite its contribution to the economy. This paper empirically profiles informal sector in urban setting in Morogoro, Tanzania by analyzing socio-demographic, economic and legal aspects of the sector and those involved. Data was collected from 80 respondents using a questionnaire. Data analysis entailed descriptive statistics and cross tabulation. The results reveal dominance of men in the sector, low levels of education, young (19-26 years) and married people dominating, use of family labour, willing to operate businesses at times and locations convenient to customers. The study further shows that 55 % of the activities obtained capital from owners’ own sources and 82.5 % of the activities operating were not licensed. The results further show that 50% of the activities /businesses surveyed were owned by families. Overall, the study asserts that the IS has a valuable contribution to the well being of the urban dwellers. The study recommends a need for addressing training needs and interventions by Local Government Authorities in the Informal Sector’s operations for better performance and contribution to the livelihood of those involved but also to allow the Local Government Authorities earn income in form of taxes.
The soluble (Pro) renin receptor does not influence lithium‐induced diabetes insipidus but does provoke beiging of white adipose tissue in mice
Authors: Yang Kevin T. , Wang Fei , Lu Xiaohan , Peng Kexin , Yang Tianxin , David Symons J.
Published: November 2017

Earlier we reported that the recombinant soluble (pro) renin receptor sPRR‐His upregulates renal aquoporin‐2 (AQP2) expression, and attenuates polyuria associated with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) induced by vasopressin type 2 receptor (V2R) antagonism. Patients that receive lithium therapy develop polyuria associated NDI that might be secondary to downregulation of renal AQP2. We hypothesized that sPRR‐His attenuates indices of NDI associated with lithium treatment. Eight‐week‐old male C57/BL6 mice consumed chow supplemented with LiCl (40 mmol/kg diets) for 14 days. For the last 7 days mice received either sPRR‐His [30 μg/(kg day), i.v.; sPRR] or vehicle (Veh) via minipump. Control (Con) mice consumed standard chow for 14 days. Compared to Con mice, 14‐d LiCl treatment elevated water intake and urine volume, and decreased urine osmolality, regardless of sPRR‐His or Veh administration. These data indicate that sPRR‐His treatment does not attenuate indices of NDI evoked by lithium. Unexpectedly, epididymal fat mass was lower, adipocyte UCP1 mRNA and protein expression were higher, and multilocular lipid morphology was enhanced, in LiCl‐fed mice treated with sPRR‐His versus vehicle. The beiging of white adipose tissue is a novel metabolic benefit of manipulating the sPRR in the context of lithium‐induced NDI.
Relationship between Attitude Towards Guidance and Counseling Programme and Adjustment of Re-admitted Teenage Mothers in Kenyan Secondary Schools
Authors: Mwajuma Christine , Aloka Peter J.O. , Raburu Pamela A.
Published: November 2017

Teenage motherhood is a worldwide problem with 36.4 million girls giving birth before the age of 18 years in developing world. The present study investigated the relationship between attitude towards guidance and counseling programme and adjustment of re-admitted teenage mothers in selected Kenyan secondary schools. The study employed Ex-post facto Research Design. The target population of the study was 242 readmitted teenage mothers from selected schools in Ugenya Sub County. The sample size comprised 138 readmitted teenage mothers who are integrated back to school after going through the bridge center programmes and 104 readmitted teenage mothers who are integrated back to school without going through the bridge center programmes using Simple random sampling technique. The study used questionnaires for readmitted teenage mothers to collect data. Experts from the Department of Psychology and Educational Foundation in Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology ascertained the face, construct and content validity of the readmitted teenage mothers’ questionnaires. In this study internal consistency reliability of the instruments was obtained by computing Cronbach’s alpha (α) using SPSS and a co-efficient of r= 0.783 was reported. The data from questionnaires was analyzed using inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation, and Regression analysis. The findings indicated that the relationship between readmitted teenage mothers attitude towards Guidance and Counselling and adjustment was positive moderate and significant (r = .550, n=166, p<.05). The study recommended that School principals should be entrusted to provide comprehensive programs to ensure holistic adjustment of the teenage mothers in schools.
Electronic health record for elderly patients
Authors: Michalik Ilona , Kańtoch Anna
Published: November 2017

The aim of this article was to show an Electronic Health Record for elderly patients that was prepared for tablets with Android system. The program can be used in case of collecting patient data that comes from the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment – the multidisciplinary diagnostic tool which is performed among older adults in hospital and outpatient settings. The application was designed for devices with Android system using JellyBean, Kitkat or Lollipop system version. The app allowed to perform, save, edit, view and send survey results. Additionally, it had an option of creating an account with different permission levels. The program was created to facilitate and accelerate the work of a physician who is obliged to complete a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment card with the patient. It was intended to replace the filling out of a paper questionnaire, in which the doctor must personally sum up all the results, with a tool that will be available on tablets and which enables to complete and evaluate the results of medical examination faster than during performing the questionnaire in a traditional way.
Informationskompetenzvermittlung gemeinsam gestalten: hochschulinterne Kooperationen anbahnen und durchführen
Authors: Kibler Simone
Published: November 2017

Kooperative Informationskompetenzvermittlung ist ein Desiderat zentraler Gremien und Institutionen. Bibliotheken sollen sich zu diesem Zweck mit weiteren wichtigen Akteurinnen und Akteuren vernetzen, die konkrete Anbahnung und Ausgestaltung derartiger Kooperationen wird jedoch bisher nicht ausreichend beleuchtet. Der vorliegende Artikel schließt diese Lücke und rückt Kooperationen als voraussetzungsreiches Konstrukt in den Vordergrund. An Kooperation Interessierte sowie bereits Kooperierende erhalten konkrete Hinweise für Aufnahme bzw. Optimierung bestehender Kooperationen, um auf die skizzierten Erfordernisse angemessen reagieren zu können.