bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heat storage in building mass and shifting potential of electricity demand in buildings with heat pumps
Authors: Dott Ralf , Afjei Thomas
Published: November 2019

This study evaluates the potential of typical building structures to store heat and supply flexibility for electricity consumption by heat pumps. The theoretical potential of a hydronic underfloor heating to store heat and supply flexibility for electricity consumption by heat pumps is 0.16 kWh/m2 at 4 K temperature swing. In real operation with a realistic controller, about 50% of this potential can be activated even during daytime with solar gains. For all cases the overall heat demand and the thermal comfort stay equal. A simple but universal rule could be: Independent from the insulation quality of the building, an intermittent increased heating control could merge two heating cycles of the demand-controlled mode to one, where the following waiting time increases by factor 1.5 to 2.
Investigating the performance of a hybrid PV integrated shading device using multi-objective optimization
Authors: Taveres-Cachat Ellika , Goia Francesco
Published: November 2019

PV integrated shading devices (PVSDs) are an interesting case study for an optimisation problem as their design is non-trivial and they must balance competing parameters and uses of solar energy. In this study, the case of a south-facing, exterior louvre blade PVSD was used to investigate how multi-objective optimisation (MOO) coupled to a parametric design approach can be used as a support tool to improve the performance of the system in four different cases. The parameters optimized were the individual tilt angle of each louvre-blade (0, 15, 30 or 45 ° from the horizontal), the vertical distribution of the blades, and the type of material on the upper surface of each louvre (reflective coating or PV cells). The objectives of the optimisation were to minimise the total annual net energy electricity use and to maximise the daylighting level in the zone. The results of the investigation showed that PVSD configurations with higher louvre counts performed better as hybrid systems as they allowed to increase daylighting compared to classic, fully PV coated systems and did not increase energy use in the zone significantly. However, for systems with lower counts of louvres, the results of the optimisation showed that the surface of the louvres was more useful as a PV element, as reflective materials had little effect on the daylighting in the zone and the reduction in energy converted noticeably affected the energy performance of the building.
Implementing an open-source tool for modelling solar PV potential in dense urban areas
Authors: Erell Evyatar , Dorman Michael , Alexandroff Vladimir , Kloog Itai
Published: November 2019

Distributed PV has the potential for generating a significant proportion of many cities’ electricity needs. However, the number of installations in dense urban locations is still negligible. Unlike detached single-family homes in low-density neighbourhoods, where installation is relatively straight-forward and solar access is generally unobstructed, dense urban areas pose special challenges. The paper demonstrates application of a free, open-source tool to assess how building configurations affect insolation and hence PV installation potential on building envelopes (roofs and facades) in complex, irregular urban environments. A sensitivity analysis using generic building types in regular plans highlights differences in the PV potential of contrasting building typologies providing a similar number of dwellings for a prototypical 300x300m urban block with a population density equivalent to 25,000 persons/km2.
Performance assessment of solar thermally activated steel sandwich panels with mineral wool core for industrial and commercial buildings
Authors: Weiland Finn , Kirchner Maik , Rensinghoff Vincent , Giovannetti Federico , Kastner Oliver , Ridder Daniela , Tekinbas Yesim , Hachul Helmut
Published: November 2019

Steel sandwich panels are well established, cost effective components for the construction of structural and functional envelopes in buildings. They offer not only design flexibility but also great potential for active solar energy use. This contribution investigates the performance of solar thermal active panels with mineral wool core featuring heat exchangers comprising different designs and materials by means of FEM simulations. The simulation model is validated against measurements of fabricated test specimen. Specific results are reported for a large-sized test specimen with a grey finishing (RAL 7043) where the conversion factor η0 ranges between 0.46 and 0.56. The results imply that higher figures of 0.73 and higher are theoretically achievable with a more efficient use of the panel area and improved manufacturing.
CoolShift – Cooling of buildings by chiller-assisted nocturnal radiation and convection
Authors: Koch Manuel , Dott Ralf , Eismann Ralph
Published: November 2019

A novel approach for cooling an office building is numerically evaluated. PVT collectors are used for nocturnal radiative and convective cooling. A TABS ceiling serves as thermal storage. If the free cooling power of the PVT collectors is too low, it is boosted by a chiller raising the collector temperature. While the energy efficiency improves compared to a conventional daytime chiller cooling system, the room temperature cannot always be kept in the desired band. Furthermore, the PVT collectors stay cooler than comparable PV modules during the day, increasing the electricity generation.
Modelling and developing a renewable energy system for the cold stores of a food park in the UK
Authors: Li Xiaojun , Jones Phillip , Patterson Joanne
Published: November 2019

An on-site renewable energy system is developed and presented in this paper to supply electricity usage of potato cold stores in a UK food park. The system is designed to use the mass of the potatoes to store surplus power from PV when there are days of high solar radiation. It can also be charged from the grid during off-peak time when there are longer periods of overcast conditions. The paper presents results to show energy generated by the PV that can be used in the cooling system, and the storage potential of the potatoes in offsetting grid supply. The dynamic thermal model HTB2 with an energy system extension is employed to design the energy system. The base case representing the existing scenario is validated with previous weekly metering data. The system performance is examined in terms of annual energy performance and long-term cost-effectiveness. The simulation results indicate, 1) the cold store with potato storage is able to maintain the required temperature ranges for most periods when cooling is only powered by electricity from PV during peak-time, and it contributes to energy cost savings and electricity import reduction, but almost no cooling reduction; 2) the system combination of solar PV and off-peak cooling can be paid back within its lifespan, with the most optimal case taking only 11 years. The outcome of the research demonstrates the benefits of the optimized renewable energy system, which provides free or cheap energy supply, reduces industry-related CO2 emission, and contributes to overall energy cost savings. This technique might be applied to other type of food storage, where the thermal mass can contribute to thermal storage.
Geospatial analysis and optimization of the incoming and stored CO2 emissions within the EPFL campus
Authors: Mori Giovanni , Coccolo Silvia , Castello Roberto , Scartezzini Jean-Louis
Published: November 2019

All the projected scenarios agree on the immediate necessity of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, especially carbon dioxide (CO2). This research proposes an analysis on the EPFL campus of all the potential reductions of CO2emissions: energy refurbishment, the request of heat and cooling of the buildings, emissions deriving from commuting and business travel as well as the embedded emissions of the buildings through their Life-Cycle Assessment. Subsequently, compensation strategies have been evaluated: Vertical Greenery Systems, CO2uptake from trees of the campus through an automated computing technique and Direct Air Capture technology. Together, all these contributions allow to significantly reduce the annual emissions of the campus, by up to 60 %, getting below the critical threshold of 1 ton of CO2/person/year.
Algorithmic optimisation of a building plant system
Authors: Borer Marco , Frey Manuel
Published: November 2019

Using a practical example, the heat and cold storage volume of a building plant system is analyzed and optimized using tools integrated in the simulation software IDA ICE. In practice, the simulation models must be partially simplified for efficiency reasons. The level of detail of the storage tanks should be chosen in such a way that the temperature behavior of the simplification corresponds as closely as possible to the behavior of a non-simplified model. Hence, the required findings can be obtained from the simulation and optimizations can be carried out efficiently. The investigation showed that certain model simplifications are legitimate and that the optimization tools in IDA-ICE can be used reasonably for different tasks of an overall optimization.
Electricity consumption of building technology: a calculation method
Authors: Kraeuchi Philipp , Steiger Olivier
Published: November 2019

This paper presents a calculation method for the power consumption of building technology. The methodology notably allows one to quantify power supply losses in a realistic manner. This is achieved by stepping through the entire supply tree, from the field devices up to the grid connection.
An energy balance model for passive solar systems operation
Authors: Baxevanou Catherine , Fidaros Dimitris , Tsangrassoulis Aris
Published: November 2019

Passive solar systems (such as Trombe-Michel walls and their modifications) are a cost effective technology to reduce the energy demand for buildings’ space heating. In the present paper an energy balance model for the description of the performance of a passive solar system composed of an opaque element with transparent insulation is presented. This energy balance model has the form of a closed system of equations that could easily be solved in an open source software by an engineer.
Python-based calculation tool of wind-pressure coefficients on building envelopes
Authors: Chiesa Giacomo , Grosso Mario
Published: November 2019

Wind pressure distribution is an essential factor for calculation of airflow rates in controlled natural ventilation systems for both indoor air quality and cooling purposes. A pressure coefficient calculation model, CpCalc, with a modular parametric approach based on analysis of wind tunnel tests was developed by Mario Grosso within the COMIS workshop, held at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, UCB, CA, USA, in 1988-1992, and upgraded for the European Project PASCOOL in 1994-2001. This software allows for calculating Cp at any point of a building façade and roof slope as a function of various climate, environmental, and building geometry parameters. The present paper describes a further upgrading of this software using a Pyton script, which allows for applying CpCalc to hourly-based energy dynamic simulation codes as well as being connectable in future with parametric design software.
Educated commissioning and operation of a complex nearly zero energy office building with the help of dynamic thermal HVAC-simulations - a best practice report from the Austrian postal service headquarter Post am Rochus
Authors: Horn P , Hauer S , Bres A , Eder K , Lindmeier I , Frey A
Published: November 2019

This paper presents lessons learned from practice focusing on planning, commissioning and first year of operation of the Austrian Post AGs’ new headquarter “Post am Rochus”, a nearly zero energy building with 49.300 m2 gross floor area. The execution phase was supported by a research project aiming for a significant reduction of the commissioning phase. Based on the positive experience of this Austrian lighthouse project, general conclusions are drawn focusing on which activities and recommendations can be applied to similar projects, and which parts need further improvement or adaption. The question of how and when building energy performance simulations of complex HVAC-systems can be used to increase the energy efficiency, room comfort and operational stability of modern office buildings is investigated from a practical perspective. The challenge, and an outlook of how to reduce the information gap between the various disciplines involved in a complex multi-stakeholder process and the conclusions from the building owner are discussed and summarized in the conclusions.
Developing the methodology to investigate the thermal comfort of hot-humid climate under different ventilation modes
Authors: Chen Po-Yuan , Chan Ying-Chieh
Published: November 2019

This study presents the development of an adaptive thermal comfort model for the hot and humid climate in Taiwan. We conducted field surveys in several offices and classrooms at National Taiwan University through a portable system which used Raspberry Pi, a small single-board computer, as processors to connect environmental sensors and as questionnaire user interface platform. This allowed us to collect indoor environmental data and investigate subjects’ responses simultaneously. The advantage of the portable system is to expand the pools of data collection. The field surveys can be set up and conducted in different classrooms or offices efficiently. In total, this study collected 257 samples. The thermal comfort profiles of two different ventilation strategies (i.e., air-conditioning (AC) and natural ventilation (NV)) were analysed. The results indicate that the actual percentage of dissatisfaction (APD) has the same trend as the predicted percentage of dissatisfaction by Fanger (PPD). However, when the predicted mean vote (PMV) is in the range of -0.5 to 0.5, the APD is approximately 20% higher than the PPD. The study also found that PMV underestimates subjects’ thermal sensation in both ventilation strategies.
A radiosity-based methodology considering urban environments for assessing daylighting
Authors: Besuievsky Gonzalo , Fernández Eduardo , Aguerre Jose Pedro , Beckers Benoit
Published: November 2019

Daylight computation requires the use of climate-based data as well as the correct treatment of lighting exchange, both in the interior and exterior environments, which is frequently not considered or roughly approximated. We present an efficient method for computing daylighting that considers the exterior components accurately. We analyze the influence of the exterior components depending on the number of light bounces, which may benefit early stage projects by providing a useful analysis for understanding the different daylight contribution sources.
Evaluation of building and systems performance for a deep domestic retrofit
Authors: Perisoglou Emmanouil , Li Xiaojun , Ionas Miltiadis , Patterson Joanne , Bassas Ester Coma , Jones Phil
Published: November 2019

European governments have set ambitious retrofitting targets driven by the commitment to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80% by 2050. The United Kingdom has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with over 2/3 of dwellings built before 1976, when building regulations started to include energy efficiency. This raises concerns over carbon emissions, health, comfort and running costs, and government’s set targets and initiatives for significant improvements. Deep retrofitting by using innovative technologies with respect to aesthetics has considerable and measurable benefits, while it can be a costly and challenging process. This study examines a combination of measures undertaken in a pre-1919 dwelling in south Wales, including reduction of energy demand and the application of renewable energy supply and energy storage. A whole house performance and a systems breakdown evaluation is presented comparing the pre and post intervention status. Both monitoring and modelling tools where used, and the performance gap is also discussed. An annual reduction of 34% in space heating and 78% in electricity import was monitored with an additional electricity export of 3217kWh. This represents a total annual cost saving of £1115, at 2019 UK gas and electricity prices. The total cost of the retrofit was £55K.
Living wall influence on microclimates: an indoor case study
Authors: Gunawardena Kanchane Randev , Steemers Koen
Published: November 2019

To address the call for developing passive climate resilience strategies, the project examines the influence and effectiveness of utilising vertical greening for reducing space-conditioning loads of urban buildings and surrounding microclimates. By examining this focus, the project aims to improve the design of urban built environments that would in turn lead to health and wellbeing enhancements of their growing populations. The purpose of this paper is to present preliminary findings from a monitoring campaign carried out at an indoor atrium case study in Cambridge, UK. Key parameters monitored included soil, surface, and air temperature; relative humidity; and surface air movement. Results obtained show relatively lower air temperature and higher relative humidity levels proximate to the living wall. Wintertime monitoring has also indicated a surface flow pattern that demonstrates the presence of a modest downdraught effect. Although these modifications are modest in magnitude, they could still offer significant localised thermal comfort benefit to building occupants, as well as potential for contributing to a reduced space-conditioning load.
Novel microwave transparent low emissivity coating for energy-efficient glazing: towards 5G frequencies
Authors: Fleury Jeremy , Burnier Luc , Lanini Matteo , Di Domenico Mauro , Zimmermann Erich , Genoud Carine , Salvadé Andrea , Schueler Andreas
Published: November 2019

Novel mobile communication technology such as 5G will provide a more efficient and reliable platform for the development of the Internet of Things. However, microwaves in the range of 5G frequencies are strongly attenuated by modern energy-efficient glazing found in most recent buildings. This paper presents major steps towards microwave transparent glazing which allows a flawless transmission of 5G frequencies while maintaining the thermal energy efficiency of the window. Several double glazing windows with different properties were fabricated with a laser treatment and their effect on the signal attenuation in the frequency range between 0.7 and 3.5 GHz was measured. The results showed that the laser treated windows produced a transmission of the microwave as good as a non-coated window. In comparison, an energy-efficient window without laser treatment reduces the signal strength up to 300 times.
In-situ and post annealing effect on the microstructure and the optical properties of black Cu-Co-Mn oxide spinel coating for Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) applications
Authors: Daviran Samaneh , Krammer Anna , Schüler Andreas
Published: November 2019

The present paper deals with the deposition of Cu-Co-Mn oxides thin film by magnetron sputtering to produce a black selective coating for solar Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) systems. The effect of temperature was studied between the nominal temperature range of 300-600°C, using both in-situ heating and post annealing. The optical behavior was investigated by advanced spectrophotometry devices in visible, near and infrared spectral ranges. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to show the microstructure, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to identify the phases and to compare the samples’pattern prepared at different temperatures.
Mathematical model for production sequencing in a manufacturing company
Authors: Caicedo A J , Parra J W , Rivera L
Published: November 2019

The objective of the research was to determine the optimal sequence of production of n jobs in m operations, in a small footwear manufacturing company with characteristics of a flow shop machine environment, which minimizes the total time of completion of jobs in the production system, makespan. A mathematical model of integer linear programming was designed, coded and solved by means of the JuliaPro software. It shows the production sequence that does not consider permutation, and minimizes makespan with 3807 minutes. The mathematical model of optimization is presented as a flexible and valuable tool for operational decision making, which could be replicated in other manufacturing companies, impacting on the improvement of costs and delivery times.
Comparative evaluation of the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of traditional H10 and H15 red clay blocks manufactured by the ceramic industry from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia
Authors: Narváez-Ortega M S , Sánchez-Molina J , Díaz-Fuentes C X
Published: November 2019

The traditional blocks of baked clay represent 15% of the total production of the ceramics cluster in the Norte de Santander region, with a product typology whose dimensions, shape, weight and price are the most demanded of the market. Its positioning becomes a molding element of the materiality of the architectural covering in the metropolitan area of San José de Cúcuta. This research focuses on the study of two of the most economical and used products in building materials constructions in the city: the blocks manufactured by extruded H-10 of 6 rectangular cavities with market dimensions L: 300 mm, W: 100 mm, H: 200 mm and H-15 of 9 rectangular cavities of size L: 300 mm, W: 150 mm, H: 200 mm and seeks to report its physical-mechanical characteristics to compare the impact of the variables in the units thermal behavior in the enclosure system. This work is carried out by applying 2 methods: in the first phase tests are carried out at the laboratory level using the Norma Técnica Colombiana 4017 and the Norma Técnica Colombiana 4205 to determine the qualitative properties of the building units in each format, and a simulation of temperature distribution and heat flux by finite element method in software ANSYS R16 evaluating the incidence of variables in the heat transfer in a traditional masonry system, evaluating the thermal performance in extreme temperature conditions of 33 °C typical of the region. The results show a difference of 0.709 °C between the thermal behavior between the formats, with a reduction of final thermal energy by the approximate increase of 50 mm in the thickness, this variant presents an opportunity of development to minimize the impacts of the loads of temperature in the envelope, favorable for warm tropical climates.
Comparison of lightening costs for reinforced concrete gantry
Authors: Prada-Botía G C , Rojas-Suárez J P , Orjuela-Abril M S
Published: November 2019

The selection of suitable materials for a construction defines the costs and characteristics that can contribute to the building, being of vital importance to make a correct choice. Lightening is an element to reduce costs and optimize resources, adding a better index of resistance against earthquakes, being of vital importance the good choice of this: concrete, clay or EPS. In this investigation a comparison of costs and incidence of the three types of lighteners that are used in the construction of three levels houses with reinforced concrete portico based on the requirements of NSR-10 was made by means of statistical samples/data, graphs and tables of data analysis, on the quotations and information collected from different studies on lightening costs in structures.
Influence of the firing process on water absorption and compressive strength in ceramic samples
Authors: Guerrero-Gómez G , Acevedo-Peñaloza C H , Noriega-Sánchez C J
Published: November 2019

It is presents the evaluation of water absorption and compressive and flexural strength in perforated blocks manufactured in a Hoffman-type kiln of brickworks Ocaña, Colombia. Combustion gases are reused in the firing process and the samples are directly exposed to fire. Standardized non-destructive quality control tests such as dimensional, initial absorption rate and 24-hour immersion, and destructive tests such as compressive strength and modulus of rupture were performed. The firing process with higher fire exposure on the samples showed values of compressive and flexural strength and water absorption percentage according to current regulations. The samples comply with the values established in the standard and allow their use as non-structural masonry products for interior or exterior use.
Mobile application for the optimization of milk production and goat feeding processes: Experimental farm of Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Ocaña, Colombia
Authors: Rico-Bautista D , Barrientos-Avendaño E , Cuesta-Quintero F R , Coronel-Rojas L A , Trillos-Arenas J , Hernadez-Villamizar D
Published: November 2019

The main objective of this article is to show the phases of the development of a mobile application. It allows to give support to the optimization of the milk production and goats feeding processes in the experimental farm of the “Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Seccional Ocaña”. In the first phase, an analysis was made of the different manual processes under physical formats currently carried out by the goat project manager, allowing the raising of system requirements. In the second, the systematization of information capture through user-friendly interfaces on a Mobile App is carried out. In the final phase, the processes were validated with the application impact. The features allowed a notable improvement in the processes execution. The goat project managers were able to have greater control of the information and a clearer focus on how productive each goat has been. As a result, the consultations, reports, traceability and identification of procedures and sanitary interventions to each one of the goats were speeded up. In the same way, it is possible to generate a support tool for decision making in all aspects of the administration of the experimental farm.
Analysis of folic acid in white rice by ultra-fast liquid chromatography
Authors: Rodríguez D C , Torres L N , Parra J W
Published: November 2019

The method of analysis was standardized, and the folic acid content was determined in samples of fortified white rice (Z, G and D) and unfortified (E and O). The analysis was performed in triplicate in samples of 2.0000 g, hydrolysis was performed with phosphate buffer pH 8.82 for one hour and then lowered to pH 7.00 for enzymatic treatment with takadiastase at 65°C. The extracts were filtered by gravity, purified with nylon syringe filters and ion exchange cartridges (solid phase extraction using strong anion exchange cartridges). The concentration in mg folic acid/kg of rice, in each extract was determined by ultrafast liquid chromatography, with average values for Lot1 of the fortified rice samples, of 44.03, 51.95, 38.08, and unfortified samples of 31.51 and 21.94, and with respect to Lot2 of 41.26, 41.27, 34.54 for fortified ones and 24.92 and 20.94 for non-fortified ones, respectively. The concentration of folic acid obtained by filtration through syringe filters was higher than in the extracts purified by solid phase extraction using strong anion exchange cartridges, evidencing loss of the analyte. The recovery of folic acid in the samples doped and purified by syringe filters was around 65.00%, while by solid phase extraction using strong anion exchange cartridges 43.00%. There is evidence of variation in the folic acid content between different batches of rice of the same brand.
La Brava creek: Water quality evaluation
Authors: Valdes-Solano D M , Fonseca-Herreño L C , Duarte-Suárez A M
Published: November 2019

The water quality of the “La Brava” creek, in Ocaña Norte de Santander, was analyzed using physicochemical and biological parameters to determine quality indices. Three sampling sections were established throughout the study area, taking samples in duplicate every four months for each point during a year; characterization of each sample was done following the protocols of standard methods. The information obtained was analyzed through water quality and contamination indices, determining that the water quality of the micro-basin is moderate, and its level of contamination is low; remaining in good homogeneous condition along the entire area. The utilization of a systems of indices allows for a good approach to assess the conditions of the basin, establishing that, currently, anthropic activities have minimal effect on the water resource in the study area. It is important to highlight that, although the level of contamination is low, it is necessary to generate strategies that guarantee the continuous quality and water supply in the area.
Lipids production from Scenedesmus obliquus through carbon/nitrogen ratio optimization
Authors: Cuéllar-García D J , Rangel-Basto Y A , Urbina-Suarez N A , Barajas-Solano A F , Muñoz-Peñaloza Y A
Published: November 2019

Microalgae are one of the most promising sources of raw material for biofuel production and derivatives since its high yield of biomass and metabolites possess a low environmental impact. However, its implementation on large scale facilites still faces challenges such as the optimisation of lipid production (due to strain capacity and environmental factors) and downstream processes (extraction and separation of the lipidic fraction). The objective of the present investigation was to determine the potential of the carbon/nitrogen ratio as a technical tool for the improvement of total lipids on Scenedesmus obliquus. The carbon/nitrogen ratio was evaluated using a non-factorial design coupled with surface response methodology with sodium bicarbonate and sodium nitrate as carbon and nitrogen source. Results showed that the optimal conditions that enhanced the lipid deposition (up to 66% w/w) were 1.5 g L−1 sodium bicarbonate and 0,125 g L−1 of sodium nitrate. Finally, the results of the fatty acid profile shown the presence of stearic acid (C18: 0) with 22.63% and elaidic acid (C18:1) with 77.38%, with the absence of fatty acids of two or more double bonds. In conclusion, the adjustment in the carbon/nitrogen ratio favours the final deposition of lipids in Scenedesmus obliquus which is emerging as a possible candidate for the production of lipids of interest for the generation of biodiesel.
Multiple intelligences and academic performance in basic education students: An analysis of main components
Authors: Hernández C A , Prada R , Rincón G A
Published: November 2019

This research included a sample of students aged between 8 and 16 years, residents of San José de Cúcuta city, Colombia, belonging to socio-economic strata 1 and 2. Multiple intelligences (musical, logical-mathematical, interpersonal, naturalistic, intrapersonal, kinesthetic, linguistic and spatial) were measured according to the proposal by Gardner and school performance as an average of each subject taken during the first two cuts of the school year. The authors applied a principal components analysis with the purpose of characterizing and analyzing these students according to multiple intelligences, academic performance and their relationships. The sample consisted of 60 girls and 61 boys whose average age was 12 years (95% CI: 11.7 – 12.4 years). In the logical-mathematical intelligence was where the students obtained the highest average score, while in musical intelligence the lowest. In the rest of the cognitive capacities they reached similar averages. In relation to the subjects that this group of students studied, the best average grades were in behaviour, religion and physical education and the lowest in English. Through the principal components analysis it was observed that there is no evident association between the types of intelligences and the grades in the school subjects. Girls, in general, achieved better average scores in all subjects compared to their male counterparts (p < 0.05). Except for naturalistic intelligence, males show a greater development in the rest of the intelligences, in contrast to the girls who have higher scores in naturalistic intelligence.
Development of a decision support system for mapping variable rate fertilizing application on Soybean (Glycine max) cultivation
Authors: Nugraheni P H T , Mawardi M , Sutiarso L , Nugroho A P , Virgawati S , Fuadi M
Published: November 2019

Precision Farming (PF) has been developed in many countries. It is need an appropriate and integrated technology to achieve the goals, such as global positioning system (GPS) to mark the geographical coordinate, ArcGIS to map the spatial data, Variable-rate Application (VRA) to show the variability of soil properties on the field and Decision Support System (DSS) to establish the best management practices for the field operation. The objective of this research was to develop a decision support system for mapping VRA of precision fertilizing on soybean cultivation. The system generates a VRA map and shows the amount of required fertilizer for soybean according to the field and soil properties data. The DSS was developed using web application to facilitate the flexibility, and scalable access via internet. To execute the application, user requires to select the coordinates of the field and soil sample points and fertilizer dose data. The friendly user of DSS program was successfully produced with the VRA map showed the data of recommendation fertilizer as the decision support system. The outcome from this study was the application mapping VRA. Further steps are needed in order to apply this application to the farmers.
Fusion recombinant protein expression of newcastle disease virus from Escherichia coli-Cloned C1a using accurapidTM protein expression kit
Authors: Putri C N , Haryanto A
Published: November 2019

This research aimed to express F recombinant protein that is clon from genes F of local isolate ND virus which can be used as vaccine candidate in order to improve the effectiveness of ND virus vaccination. Confirmation of NDV pBT7-N-His-Fusion plasmid on C1a clone is done by gel agarose 1 % electrophoresis with staining by using fluorosafe DNA stain. To separate plasmid and insert that contain genes F, cutting is done with EcoRI restriction enzyme. EcoRI enzyme is able to cut NDV pBT7-N-His-Fusion plasmid through 37°C incubation process during three hours. DNA cutting visualization is done by gel agarose 1% electrophoresis by using fluorosafe DNA stain. NDV pBT7-N-His-Fusion plasmid is express by E. coli extract in order to gain F protein. The product of protein expression is visualized by SDS – PAGE and western blot. NDV pBT7-N-His-Fusion plasmid visualization by gel agarose electrophoresis results 4643 bp band. Moreover, from the visualization of Eco RI enzyme cutting on gel agarose electrophoresis result, the researcher found two bands with different size, 4001 bp and 642 bp. After protein expression process 25,6 kDa band is seen both in the result of SDS – PAGE and western blot.
Individual trust model for aplication e-wallet in Yogyakarta street food outlet workers
Authors: Fajri N , Wijayanto T , Ushada M
Published: November 2019

Street food outlets have a complex problem that shape the economic landscape of many countries. Many factors such as technology, organization and human factors are involved in this business process. Technology and human cooperation has opened the new realm industry in the real-world settings, in such applications, human and technology interaction plays a critical role in the overall system performance. Digital technology with internet based is one of technology adoptions in 4.0 era. Trust is the main factor that makes successful technology adoption. This research aimed to explore individual trust factors affecting the use and adoption of technology 4.0 in street food outlets. The studies involved in the development of framework of individual trust that separated three concepts of propensity trust, trust for technology and trust for information technology. The model was developed using SEM PLS that was undertaken using 200 participants who have worked in street food outlets. the model indicated that variabel Trusting Stance, Situational Trust and Trust for Information Technology were strongly influenced by the indikators. The all estimation parameters showed Q2 value bigger than 0 that all latin endogenous variabel has the relevant prediction to model. The findings from this research can inform variables that had influence to individual trust for technology 4.0 of street food outlets.
Spatial Pattern of Agrotourism Development Areas in Bandung Barat District
Authors: Dewanti TY , Susiloningtyas D , Supriatna
Published: November 2019

Bandung Barat District has an attraction for the development of agro-tourism areas because it is one of the largest horticulture producers in Indonesia, with fruit production is 583,539 Kw/year and vegetables is 677,480 Kw/year. This location not far from the Bandung city and provides benefits because it is often visited by tourists when visiting to around of Bandung area. The purpose of this study is to obtain a spatial picture of regional patterns that have the potential for developing agro tourism areas and evaluating significance relationships between indicators and variables each other. The analysis used is spatial analysis by evaluating physio geographic and socio geographic elements and used statistical analysis by SPSS tools. The results showed that the spatial pattern of the development of agro tourism areas in the study area, that is Lembang Sub-District, Cisarua Sub-District, and Cikalong Wetan Sub-District had 8 typologies. The most potential area with a high physio geographic and socio geographic typology is Mandalamukti Village, Cikalong Wetan Sub-District with an area of 6.049 km2. Whereas, the locations which have no potential area with low physio geographic and socio geographic typologies are Ganjarsari and Puteran Villages, Cikalong Wetan Sub-District, covering an area of 14,086 km2 and 10,325 km2, Pasirlangu Village, Cisarua Village covering an area of 12,209 km2, in Lembang Sub-District, Cibogo Village covering an area of 3.12 Km2. Cikahuripan village covering an area of 7.31 km2, Pagerwangi Village covering an area of 4.65 km2, Suntenjaya Village with covering an area of 16.03 km2, Wangunharja Village with covering an area of 7.85 km2, Wangunsari Village with covering an area of 3.61 km2. Statistical analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between accessibility indicators (socio geographic) and physio geographic elements, so it will be good to develop agro tourism areas in that locations which have these criteria.
Accelerate of virgin coconut oil extraction using acidification methods in solar heater
Authors: Rahardjo YP , Firdaus J
Published: November 2019

The duration of the VCO oil extraction process affects quality. The centrifugation method produces high VCO quality but requires expensive in investment and operational costs. The acidification method with solar heat was produced VCO, but it took quite a long time (8-12 hours) with the success rate depending on the weather. This study aims to increase the success rate of acidification with a solar heat method through the use of solar heater. It also compares it with the standard of coconut oil quality requirements in SNI 01-2902-2001. The study was conducted in Malonas Village in 2016 involving 15 women farmers. The VCO was analyzed at the BB Pascapanen Laboratory, Bogor. The acidification/chemistry method of VCO was tested in a solar heater and without it. The incubation process is carried out by observing the temperature, yield and drying time. VCO was tested for the percentage content of free fatty acids (FFA), yield, visual and aroma test. The result was decreased in processing time in separation coconut milk to oil, water, and blondo from 8.30 hours ± 0.51 (without solar heater) to 3.45 hours ± 0.16. Oil yield increased by 0.9% and the FFA level was below SNI standard and APCC.
LED (Light Emitting Diode) Light Provides Positive Effects on Growth and Productivity of Pakcoy Mustard (Brassica Rapa L.)
Authors: Wijaya IMAS , Sigmarawan GT , Budisanjaya IPG
Published: November 2019

Plant photosynthesis is strongly influenced by light, carbon dioxide, the availability of water and nutrients found in the soil. In this study, LED light combined with gambelan music Gong Kebyar was applied to pakcoy plants to see its effect on growth and productivity. The LED light that was applied is white, red-blue, and red-white-blue LED light, which is given for 20 hours from 06.00 to 02.00. Gamelan music Gong Kebyar is applied for 3 hours, from 06.00 to 12.00. Variables observed included plant height, canopy area, leaf greenery, root length, and plant biomass. The results showed that white LED light had a negative effect, while the red-blue LED, and red-white-blue light had a positive effect on the growth and productivity of Pakcoy mustard. The use of red-blue LED light combined with gamelan music Gong Kebyar gave the highest value on plant height (27,176 cm), canopy area (1457.59 cm2), leaf greenery (160.03), root length (23.6 cm), and plant biomass (5.05 g). It can be concluded that the use of red-blue LED light combined with gamelan music Gong Kebyar increases the growth and productivity of pakcoy mustard.
Profile of Decreasing Fat and Cholesterol in Chicken Meat Using Lipase Enzyme from Coconut Haustorium
Authors: Budyghifari L , Arista SSD , Suloi ANF , Laga A
Published: November 2019

Thigh chicken meat is one of high fat contained foods (7.2%) compared to beef (6.8%) and lamb meat (4.9-5.2%) with high consumption levels. Consumption of high fat contained foods can cause cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke. Cardiovascular diseases causing 17.9 million people die or 31% from global deaths in 2016. The crude lipase enzyme extracted from coconut haustorium can efficiently hydrolyze chicken meat fat into free fatty acids and glycerol. This research was started by reducing the size of coconut haustorium, then mixed with chicken meat and buffers with formulation 1:10:40. After that, sample is reacted in water bath shaker with 200 rpm of agitation, (30, 40, 50, and 60)°C temperature, and (3, 6, 9, and 12) hours reaction time. The yield of this study was the highest reduction in chicken fat is treatment of 50°C for 6 hours that can decrease 60% of chicken fat. The highest cholesterol reduction was at a temperature of 60°C for 12 hours that can decrease 97% cholesterol.
Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in apple: dependency on cultivar and fruit processing
Authors: Hutabarat O S , Halbwirth H
Published: November 2019

Apples are an important source of polyphenolic and most popular fruits worldwide. Due to their phenolic content, consuming apple in a diet tend to low risk and prevention some chronic diseases. The main enzyme is responsible for quality loss, which are affecting by phenolic degradation, are polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POX). PPO and POX are correlated to the rate of browning with substrate content and enzyme activity. The objective of this research was to investigate the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POX) activity in different apple cultivars. Apples Gravin Goldach, Bay 4152, Sonnen Glanz, Gala Mitslugla apples were obtained from an orchad of Hohere Bundeslehranstalt und das Bundesamt fur Wein und Obstbau in Klosterneuburg, Vienna, Austria, then Apple from each cultivar was cut and separated in two parts, peel with seed (red flesh) and peel without seed (white flesh), then PPO and POX were determined. The results showed that tThe highest PPO activity is presented by red flesh of Bay 4152 cultivar, whereas the lowest detected in red flesh Gala Mitslugla. PPO activity on apple flesh of red Bay 4152, white Sonnen Glanz, red gravin Goldach and red Gala Mitslugla were 5.01E+04, 4.79+04, 3.17+04 and 1.91E+04 ΔE/S/Kg protein, respectively. PPO activity on apple flesh was not affected by white or red colour. The highest POX activity was found in red flesh of Sonnen Glanz cultivar, whereas the lowest value was presented in white flesh of Gravin Goldach cultivar varied from 1.07E+05 to 7.68E+04 ΔE/S/Kg protein. In all different flesh of apple cultivars showed that the high or low POX activity was not resulted by the red or white flesh coloured. POX is much higher than PPO activity of all cultivars. Result will provide to maintain the phenolic related quality loss and to improve new processing method.
The effect of indoor environmental quality on occupants’ perception in a laboratory environment
Authors: Leong Chong Hong , Safwan Md Jasman Md Eirfan , Tuan Tee Boon
Published: November 2019

Indoor environment conditions of a building are one of the concerned issues as most people usually spend their time inside the buildings. Poor indoor environmental conditions can influence human health in terms of physiological, perceptual and emotional as well. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) towards occupants’ perception in engineering laboratories/workshops at Mechanical Engineering Laboratories Complex. Thermal comfort and indoor air quality analysis were conducted to evaluate the indoor environment quality of the laboratory/workshop. The analysis consists of physical measurement and subjective measurement. Physical measurements were conducted with occupancy and no occupancy condition while subjective measurement was carried out through the questionnaire. Results show that air-conditioned machine workshop has temperature of 20.8°C which is not within the ASHRAE Standard-55 but still acceptable for occupants. Meanwhile, the thermal condition of non-air-conditioned welding workshop has not complied with the standard in terms of air temperature. In addition, result from occupant’s air odour perception indicates that air odour problem occurred in both case study areas. Based on the findings, indoor environment quality improvement measures are proposed to enhance the indoor environment quality (IEQ) level of the laboratory.
Degradation of acetaldehyde by Ag/TiO2 photocatalyst coated on polyester air filter
Authors: Sukitpong J. , Chiarakorn S.
Published: November 2019

Acetaldehyde is a toxic mainstream in cigarette smoke. This study aims to apply Ag/TiO2 coated on a polyester air filter (PET) to degrade acetaldehyde. Ag/TiO2 was prepared by doping 10 mol% of silver (Ag) on TiO2 via impregnation method. The crystallinity and wavelength absorption of Ag/TiO2 particles were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis NIR spectrophotometer, respectively. Then, the Ag/TiO2 particles were mixed with two different binders such as Polyethylene glycols (PEG, Mw = 6,000 g/mol) and Polyacrylic acid (PAA) before coating on PET filter by dip-coating technique. The percentages of binder were varied from 0.3, 1, 3 and 5wt% by weight of photocatalyst particles. The photocatalytic activities of PET filters coated by Ag/TiO2 with different binders were examined by decolorization of 10−5 M methylene blue (MB) solution and degradation of acetaldehyde under visible light irradiation. The XRD results indicated that Ag/TiO2 had the combination of anatase phase, silver oxide (AgO) and metallic silver (Ago). After doping, the band gap energy of TiO2 was reduced from 3.28 eV to 3.22 eV (red-shift effect). The PET filters coated with 5% PEG-Ag/TiO2 and 3% PAA-Ag/TiO2 showed the MB decolorization efficiency of 88 % and 87%, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation of acetaldehyde was carried out by 3%PAA-Ag/TiO2. The degradation efficiency of acetaldehyde by 3%PAA-Ag/TiO2 filter was 96% within 96 h. The concentration of CO2 which was a product of photocatalysis increased simultaneously during the reaction. This was an evidence that acetaldehyde was degraded by the photocatalytic air filter.