bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immigration and Intersectionality
Authors: Popescu-Sandu Oana
Published: May 2023

This chapter utilizes the framework of intersectionality and the meanings attributed to whiteness to analyse immigrant women characters in the plays by Romanian-American playwright Saviana Stănescu (Ants, 2014) and Polish-American Martyna Majok (Ironbound, 2016) and to show how strong female characters, with hyphenated immigrant identities in the United States, learn to communicate forcefully and make deliberate, difficult decisions to escape the condition of racialized othering and become agents in their own lives.
Cold War Exile and Diary Writing
Authors: Luca Ioana
Published: May 2023

The author argues that life writing by Romanian exiles in the US during communism, especially that of Matei Călinescu, has been mainly a site of recovering one’s lost homeland in writing and reflecting upon one’s identity and its many transformations. Călinescu’s diaries record and negotiate the writer’s identity, alterity, and questions of margin and centre, both before and after the fall of communism. In examining Călinescu’s life writing, Luca is interested in the way he reflects upon his exilic experience as a member of the cosmopolitan community in the US and the Romanian diaspora at large, investigating how un/belonging is recorded.
Paper Instruments
Authors: Barrett Katy
Published: May 2023

The difficulties of illustrating instruments on paper are considered in this chapter. The role of a printed image is shown to be key to longitude solutions, as most instruments appeared first on paper, and many only ever in this form. The chapter focuses on two key inventions in the longitude debate: the marine quadrant and the timekeeper. A series of illustrated pamphlets immediately following the 1714 Longitude Act show arguments around timekeepers, focused on contributions by William Hobbs, James Clarke, and Jeremy Thacker. For quadrants, the work of Jacob Rowe leads to discussions of developments by John Hadley, Benjamin Cole and Peter and John Dollond. Harrison’s visual arguments with the Board of Longitude emerge from these discussions, presented in relation to comparable work by John Bird, and within the context of changes to patent law, which Harrison’s work informed.
Polite or Impolite Science?
Authors: Barrett Katy
Published: May 2023

Longitude, as a boundary, articulated a crisis in ideas on politeness in the eighteenth century. This chapter shows how longitude formed part of the polite visits, images and debates through which women provided a refining influence on men. The popularity of visiting instrument collections and scientific demonstrations is discussed alongside the importance of ‘polite’ illustrations of scientific activity in works such as the Universal Magazine and a range of instrument maker’s trade cards. The role of science in conversation is shown in works by Benjamin Martin and Leonard Sturm’s longitude pamphlet. Yet, longitude also featured in erotic contemporary poetry that equated female intellectual empowerment with sexual licence, or latitude. The chapter turns to jokes, poems and prints which show that longitude could also be an impolite science, considering Robert Heath alongside the infamous Francis Dashwood. This provides context for the one known female contributor to the longitude debate: Jane Squire.
Laughter before the Law Censorship, Caricature and Hunger Strike in Modern Irish Literature and Art
Authors: Sheils Barry
Published: May 2023

This chapter examines the body traversed by laughter, seeing it as a place of performative resistance, one that threatens the deconstruction of its purview. As Sheils writes, the law has ‘manifested as the unstable relation between the human and its extra-judicial other’. Drawing on four significant texts from the canon of modern Irish literature in which laughter, performed, suppressed or delayed, has played a significant role – by John McGahern, W.B. Yeats, Terence MacSwiney and Bobby Sands, respectively – this chapter argues that the conspicuous theatricality of laughter in the context of Irish modernism poses a problem of translation: can laughter ever really be translated – and likewise, can the law?
Citizenship and Connection in Doireann Ní Ghríofa’s Clasp (2015)
Authors: Hanna Adam
Published: May 2023

This chapter argues that in Ní Ghríofa’s work, the webs and threads that appear so frequently as images are suggestive of an imagination that seeks to connect her readers to hidden or forgotten histories, from the Industrial Schools to the Direct Provision system. This chapter links this preoccupation with web-making and threads and lines of connection to legal theories of citizenship, arguing that Ní Ghríofa’s work is exemplary of a multi-level construction of community that is more capacious than legal definitions of who counts as a citizen. As such, this chapter argues, Ní Ghríofa’s works continue a long counter-legal tradition in Irish poetry.
Imagination versus the Law
Authors: Doody Noreen
Published: May 2023

This chapter begins with the contention that in ‘many of his writings, Wilde rejects the rule of law in favour of the imagination’, a rejection driven by a search for ‘art without boundaries’, for an ‘imagination unfettered by the law’.
It examines Wilde’s fate before the law in terms of a contest between the pure imagination and an ‘unfamiliar territory where facts and rules held sway’. Wilde, in this reading, had convinced himself that his imaginative powers would hold sway before a law anchored to the unimaginative dullness of one-dimensional fact. It was a contest that Wilde was destined to lose, and when the law ‘meted out its punishment’, as this chapter demonstrates, its effects would be seen not only on Wilde’s physical health but in the ‘radical alteration of his creative imagination’.
Fiat Justitia Ruat Caelum – Revisiting the Wildes on Trial
Authors: O’Flaherty Gearóid
Published: May 2023

This chapter provides the context for Oscar Wilde’s encounters with the law in the 1890s. Bringing us back to the mid-nineteenth century, O’Flaherty explores the lesser known legal experiences of Wilde’s parents William and Jane (better known as a poet by her penname, Speranza). As this chapter relates, the first of these legal encounters occurred in 1849 when Jane became embroiled in controversy relating to the publication of her work in The Nation – work that left the paper’s editor Charles Gavin Duffy open to legal jeopardy when he was arrested for sedition. The second of these Wilde family encounters, in 1864, involved both Jane and William in a case of libel amid accusations of sexual misconduct. Locating these cases in the context of their famous son’s infamous trials, the essay reveals the ways in which each legal instance was ‘to some extent instigated by the written word’ with each of the legal proceedings including ‘some form of literary works – published articles, pamphlets, letters, works of poetry, prose, drama – being introduced as evidence by the prosecution and/or defence’. In so doing this chapter demonstrates ‘the manner in which these previous two court cases provide an interesting preface to Wilde’s own disastrous legal action against the Marquess of Queensberry in 1895’.
Legible Letters
Authors: Kenny Colum
Published: May 2023

This chapter takes us to the other side of the bench to reveal a little-told, dimension of Patrick Pearse’s life and times. Forever crystallised in history as the revolutionary lawbreaker, this essay casts light on Pearse’s short-lived career as a barrister. In particular, it covers the case of McBride v. McGovern [May 1905] when Pearse sought to defend a Donegal man’s right to write his name on his cart in the Irish language and using an Irish typeface. McBride was being prosecuted for doing just this and for thus breaching a ‘Victorian statute of 1851 that required the owner of a cart who used it on a public road to have his name and residence painted conspicuously on the off side of that cart in legible letters’. It soon becomes clear that much was at stake in this seemingly trivial prosecution; in many ways, indeed, as Kenny puts it, in ‘contention was not only the legal status of a distinctive typeface for the Irish language but the very use of the language itself in law’. Long before his time at the General Post Office, Pearse is presented here as a thinker attuned to the performative quality of the courtroom and to the law as a form of ideological stage on which all kinds of modes of resistance might be acted out.
Through a Legal Looking-Glass
Authors: Barrett Max
Published: May 2023

This chapter examines the legal travails and entanglements of the four successive eighteenth-century Rackrent baronets who are the protagonists of this novel. In his examination of Edgeworth’s representations of the uses and abuses of the law. This chapter reveals that the text is imbued with the standards and prejudices of its time, something that is revealed by its evident authorial attitudes about who was and was not permitted to resort to the law as a mode of self-advancement.
Fatima Mernissi’s concept of female subalternity and the experience of migration
Authors: van der Poel Ieme
Published: May 2023

In this chapter the concept of female subalternity serves as a tool to investigate a series of life stories written in various European languages by migrant women writers from Moroccan descent.
Pioneers or pariahs?
Authors: van der Poel Ieme
Published: May 2023

This chapter explores the various ways in which the ‘fathers’, the pioneers with whom it all began, have been represented in Moroccan migrant literature. It opens with an overview of the history of labour migration from Morocco to Belgium, France, the Netherlands and Spain.
Greek Orators VIII
Authors: Griffith-Williams Brenda
Published: May 2023

The four selected speeches were composed by a professional speechwriter, Isaeus, for litigants contesting inheritance claims in the Athenian law courts of the fourth century BC. They offer some intriguing glimpses into the domestic life of (mainly wealthy) Athenian families, with sometimes scandalous stories of forged wills, family quarrels, illegitimate children, divorce, and prostitution. The narratives feature positive and negative Athenian stereotypes of women (dutiful wife or deceitful seductress). In the first comprehensive English language commentaries on these speeches for over 100 years. the main focus is on legal issues as the key to understanding Isaeus’s rhetorical strategy. The aim is to show that he did not, as modern scholars have sometimes argued, ignore the law and seek to win cases for his clients on purely moral grounds. Rather, through carefully constructed narratives and persuasive but sometimes convoluted argumentation, he sought to convince the judges that the law was on his clients’ side. The combination of translations and commentaries makes the selected speeches accessible to readers with little or no knowledge of classical Greek. No familiarity with Athenian law is assumed, but the book will also be useful to specialists seeking to explore Isaeus’s work in greater depth.
The Battle of Red Cliffs
Authors: Sparvoli Carlotta
Published: May 2023

Carlotta Sparvoli examines one of the great classics in Chinese, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguo yanyi (三國演義‎), attributed to Luo Guanzhong (羅貫中‎, 1330?–1400?). Her study sheds light on the specific depiction of war and heroism in this paradigmatic Chinese narrative. It highlights how this Chinese classic underlines a concept of war extraneous to the fascination of warfare found in Western epics, showing that the Chinese notion of epos privileges the virtues of strategy and intelligence over heroism and military prowess. It also describes how, from being a subject of historical accounts, this story was transformed into a fictional construction, retracing the process along which the text was turned into an identitarian event in the “construction of memory” of the Middle Kingdom to the point of being celebrated in the colossal pan-Asian movie production Red Cliff (2008).
Conjuring a Battling China
Authors: Qin Lei
Published: May 2023

Qin Lei discusses the neglected topic of the China-centred transnational internationalist movement that was initiated by Willi Münzenberg and his circle in “Conjuring a Battling China”. Münzenberg’s left-wing popular front campaign existed throughout the 1920s and 1930s. The dominant narrative of Republican China usually focuses on the civil war between nationalists and communists. Lei, however, discloses other actors in this setting. She focuses on how media for working-class readers of Weimar Germany influenced the image of China as a newly awakened nation willing to fight for its revolutionary renewal. This image travelled back to China, and Lei scrutinises how Chinese members of the Communist International, but also Chinese left-wing intellectuals in general responded to it.
Translation/Transplantation of Queer in South Korea
Authors: Simpson Allan C.
Published: May 2023

Allan Simpson explores the extent to which South Korean translations and trans- plantations of Anglosphere linguistic and acronymic identities, such as queer and LGBT, have been adopted in South Korean activist and artistic (literary) contexts, while also drawing on the works of writer Kim Hyena, whose novels problematise “being queer” in South Korea. He questions whether such Korean translations and transplantations demonstrate similar homonormative tendencies as they do in North American, European, and other contexts? Therefore, this chapter also explores the different uses of non-heteronormative language, and especially the increasing debate as to whether or not Asian contexts should adopt English-originated queer language at all. In grassroots activism specifically, more globalised queer terms are deployed than local terms. On academic, legal, and activist fronts, there seems to be more of a mixture of globalised and locally translated terms, reflecting the important way that transnationalism can be a useful methodology to examine these important issues.
Introduction
Authors: Schlez Mariano
Published: May 2023

The introduction presents the reader with the general framework of the research, the sources used and explains the importance of the book. Thus, the introduction explains that the author's research is focused on the political, economic and cultural relationship established between Britain and Rio de la Plata in the first half of the nineteenth century. In this way, by studying the historical connections between different social subjects, the theories that have conceptualised this relationship as a neo-colonial pact, Informal Empire, Free Trade Imperialism or dependent capitalism are evaluated.
Documents
Authors: Schlez Mariano
Published: May 2023

The second part of the book presents the complete transcript of Parish's report, which we have entitled (based on his explanatory letter) ‘Outline of the Revolutions in South America’. We also include the report’s full documentary appendix, including newspaper articles selected by Parish.
Work and Labour in the Cities of Roman Italy
Authors: Groen-Vallinga Miriam J.
Published: May 2023

Work and labour are fundamental to an understanding of Roman society. In a world where reliable information was scarce and economic insecurity loomed large, social structures and networks of trust were of paramount importance to the way work was provided and filled in. Taking its cue from New Institutional Economics, this book deals with the wide range of factors shaping work and labour in the cities of Roman Italy under the early empire, from families and familial structures, to labour collectives, slavery, education and apprenticeship. To illuminate the complexity of the market for labour, this monograph offers a new analysis of the occupational inscriptions and reliefs from Roman Italy, placing them in the wider context by means of documentary evidence like apprenticeship contracts, legal sources, and material remains. This synthesis therefore provides a comprehensive analysis of the ancient sources on work and labour in Roman urban society, leading to a novel interpretation of the market for work, and a fuller understanding of the daily lives of nonelite Romans. For some of them, work was indeed a source of pride, whereas for others it was merely a means to an end or a necessity of life.
The Greek Notions of Sea Power
Authors: Bartninkas Vilius
Published: May 2023

This chapter explores the classical notion of sea power, its utopian potential for communal life, and the catastrophic dangers surrounding its acquisition in Greek geopolitical thinking. Firstly it examines the emergence and development of the distinction between land-based and sea-based powers in Thucydides. Secondly the Old Oligarch’s view on the internal logic of the Athenian maritime strategy is discussed. Despite the Athenian bias against the aristocratic social norms, the Old Oligarch regards their sea power as an efficient and intelligent model to build an empire. For both Thucydides and the Old Oligarch, the sea powers embody broader principles of expansionism and mobility, which are bound to threaten the stability of the existing political order and lead to either a catastrophic subversion of it or a creation of a new utopian arrangement.
Minoan Utopias in British Fiction, after the Thalassocracy: Lawrence Durrell’s The Dark Labyrinth and Robert Graves’ Seven Days in New Crete
Authors: Williams Hamish
Published: May 2023

This chapter examines British reimaginations of Minoan Crete. Sir Arthur Evans created a mythical vision of a utopian sea empire, reminiscent of Victorian Britain. But how did subsequent British writers of this period reflect on and reimagine the Minoan-Victorian utopia which Arthur Evans had so steadfastly constructed? The argument of this chapter is that the tragedy of the Minoans and the Minoan Empire, remembered as a pre-Classical, often ‘utopian’ seafaring empire ended by a sudden catastrophe, have provided an analogical means for British writers and thinkers to express a growing sense of their own post-imperial identity, of their residing in a tragic time after Pax Britannica/Pax Minoica. To this end, the focus is on three novels in British popular fiction in the late 1940s and 1950s: Lawrence Durrell’s The Dark Labyrinth (1947), Robert Graves’ Seven Days on New Crete (1949), and Mary Renault’s The King Must Die (1958).
Properties of the Extremely Energetic GRB 221009A from Konus-WIND and SRG/ART-XC Observations
Authors: Frederiks D. , Svinkin D. , Lysenko A. L. , Molkov S. , Tsvetkova A. , Ulanov M. , Ridnaia A. , Lutovinov A. A. , Lapshov I. , Tkachenko A. , Levin V.
Published: May 2023

We report on Konus-WIND (KW) and Mikhail Pavlinsky Astronomical Roentgen Telescope – X-ray Concentrator (ART-XC) observations and analysis of a nearby GRB 221009A, the brightest γ-ray burst (GRB) detected by KW for >28 yr of observations. The prompt, pulsed phase of the burst emission lasts for ∼600 s and is followed by a steady power-law decay lasting for more than 25 ks. From the analysis of the KW and ART-XC light curves and the KW spectral data, we derive time-averaged spectral peak energy of the burst E

p
≈ 2.6 MeV, E

p
at the brightest emission peak ≈ 3.0 MeV, the total 20 keV–10 MeV energy fluence of ≈0.22 erg cm−2, and the peak energy flux in the same band of ≈0.031 erg cm−2 s−1. The enormous observed fluence and peak flux imply, at redshift z = 0.151, huge values of isotropic energy release E
iso ≈ 1.2 × 1055 erg (or ≳6.5 solar rest mass) and isotropic peak luminosity L
iso ≈ 3.4 × 1054 erg s−1 (64 ms scale), making GRB 221009A the most energetic and one of the most luminous bursts observed since the beginning of the GRB cosmological era in 1997. The isotropic energetics of the burst fit nicely both “Amati” and “Yonetoku” hardness–intensity correlations for >300 KW long GRBs, implying that GRB 221009A is most likely a very hard, super-energetic version of a “normal” long GRB.
Bitcoin and money supply relationship: An analysis of selected country economies
Authors: Mert Nilcan , Timur Mustafa Caner
Published: May 2023

Bitcoin has become quite known after the 2008 economic crisis and the COVID-19 health crisis. For some, these cryptocurrencies constitute rebellion against the existing system as governments encourage uncontrolled expansions in the money supply; for some others, it is a quick source of income. Undeniably, the volume of the crypto money market has grown considerably in recent years, regardless of the reasoning of the people who invest and trade in this field. At this point, one of the most important questions to be investigated is "what variables have caused the tremendous growth in the crypto money quantities in recent years?" This study tests the assumption that changes in cryptocurrencies are affected by changes in national currencies. Thus, the Bitcoin price is the dependent variable, and M1 monetary supply changes in the USA, European Union and Japanese economies are considered independent variables. The variables in this study were tested using the time-varying Granger causality method. The results obtained from this study confirm the philosophy of Bitcoin's emergence and the possibility that it can be a hedge against the inflationary effects of money, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Novel Architecture for Image Classification Based on Rough Set
Authors: Nivetha S. , Inbarani H. Hannah
Published: May 2023

The Computed Tomography (CT) scan images classification problem is one of the most challenging problems in recent years. Different medical treatments have been developed based on the correctness of CT scan images classification. In this work, a novel deep learning architecture is proposed to correctly diagnose COVID-19 patients using CT scan images. In fact, a new classifier based on rough set theory is suggested. Extensive experiments showed that the novel deep learning architecture provides a significant improvement over well-known classifier. The new classifier produces 95% efficiency and a very low error rate on different metrics. The suggested deep learning architecture coupled with novel tolerance outperforms the other standard classification approaches for the detection of COVID-19 using CT-Scan images.
Atypical form of transient acantholytic dermatosis with edematous erythema
Authors: Yanagida Nozomi , Morioke Satoshi , Murakami Emi , Tanaka Akio
Published: May 2023

Transient acantholytic dermatosis, also called Grover’s disease, is a benign acquired disorder with a transient course. The typical clinical presentation is the erythematopapular form; cases presenting with edematous erythema without papules are extremely rare. Here, we report a case of atypical transient acantholytic dermatosis presenting with edematous erythema.
Segmental cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with herpes zoster: a case report and literature review
Authors: Furuoka Keiko , Fukumoto Takeshi , Masuda Yoshiyuki , Tanigawa Ayano , Kosaka Hiroshi , Nagano Tohru
Published: May 2023

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection may cause large or medium vessel vasculitis, including granulomatous arteritis of the nervous system and central nervous system vasculitis. However, small vessel vasculitis, such as cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) associated with localized cutaneous VZV infection, herpes zoster, is uncommon. Herein, we present the case of a 75-year-old man with segmental leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with herpes zoster on the leg. To the best of our knowledge, there are four cases of segmental leukocytoclastic vasculitis in herpes zoster reported in the English literature; we compared our case with these previous reports. Our review of five patients suggests that most patients were immunosuppressed. We also found that the leg is susceptible to LCV associated with herpes zoster. Anti-viral treatment was effective for LCV as well as herpes zoster. Prior reports have proposed etiologies inducing LCV; for example, immune complexes are mediated by vessel wall damage. In support of this, histopathology in our case showed a C3-positive reaction with the small vessel walls in the dermis in direct immunofluorescence. Although the mechanism of LCV associated with herpes zoster remains unclear, we should consider LCV while diagnosing and treating patients with herpes zoster, especially immunosuppressed patients.
Il triage nell'era Covid-19: una riflessione
Authors: Arnone Anna
Published: May 2023

Il triage è un processo di accertamento del paziente che si verifica nei dipartimenti di emergenza per le priorità di assistenza basandosi sul metodo scientifico, sul ragionamento clinico, sulla riflessione critica, sullo stile personale e sull'esperienza pratica. La necessità di attivare in Pronto Soccorso la funzione di triage deriva dalla consapevolezza di una situazione di sempre maggiore affollamento dei Pronto Soccorso.
La gestione infermieristica della ventilazione nei pazienti con infezione da SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Musso Giorgia , Bergesio Giorgio , Longu Sandro
Published: May 2023

I Pazienti affetti da polmonite interstiziale da COVID-19 necessitano spesso di assistenza ventilatoria non invasiva. Obiettivo dello studio è quello di valutare retrospettivamente l'efficacia di un intervento infermieristico con team leader/case manager esperto in pneumologia/ventilazione rispetto ad assistenza standard nel favorire il ritorno ad una respirazione in aria ambiente e all'utilizzo di supporti di ventilazione non invasivi in un campione di pazienti con polmonite da COVID-19 ricoverati in terapia subintensiva (high dependency unit - HDU).
L'Università come volano per la promozione dell'Evidence-Based Practice in ambito infermieristico
Authors: Longo Donato , Morcellini Rosita , Ramacciati Nicola
Published: May 2023

Non disponibile.
Ricerca infermieristica in terapia intensiva. Quali traiettorie nel presente?
Authors: Bambi Stefano , Lucchini Alberto , Iozzo Pasquale , Rasero Laura
Published: May 2023

Nel 1983, in un editoriale sulla rivista Heart & Lung, Lewandowski e Kositsky, hanno affermato: Research is vital for nursing practice.1 Nei setting di area critica, dobbiamo decidere se crederci ancora oppure no. Può sembrare una provocazione, ma di fatto non lo è, in quanto è estremamente complesso reperire i fondi da dedicare a questa attività scientifica. Lo stato di salute della ricerca infermieristica in terapia intensiva, in particolare in Italia, è – almeno in buona parte – incerto...
Il Cry-Wolf Effect. Gli infermieri ed i falsi allarmi in terapia intensiva
Authors: Mastrogirolamo Monica , Gatta Laura , Bove Davide
Published: May 2023

Lo sviluppo scientifico e tecnologico ha determinato nelle Terapie Intensive un aumento esponenziale degli allarmi clinici provenienti dai diversi dispositivi e, di conseguenza, dei falsi allarmi, ai quali si aggiungono i rumori ambientali. Sempre più spesso, gli infermieri non riescono a distinguere i diversi tipi di allarme e descrivono una sensazione di affaticamento da allarme. L'elevata frequenza dei falsi allarmi può condurre al cosiddetto Cry Wolf Effect, che può indurre gli infermieri a considerare come falsi quegli allarmi che in realtà sono significativi.
SCENARIO 3. Numero integrale
Authors: ANIARTI Associazione
Published: May 2023

Numero integrale della rivista.
Valutazione della superfice corporea ustionata (TBSA) e la rianimazione con fluidi in ambito extraospedaliero: una revisione narrativa della letteratura
Authors: Righi Lorenzo , Pitiddu Giada , Trapassi Stefano
Published: May 2023

La stima accurata delle dimensioni della ustione è di fondamentale importanza in ambito extraospedaliero, per calcolare il fabbisogno di fluidi da infondere e per evitare le complicanze migliorando gli esiti clinici sui pazienti. La rianimazione con i fluidi è uno degli interventi prioritari nella gestione precoce dei pazienti con ustioni estese e, in letteratura, sono presenti diverse formule per determinare il fabbisogno di liquidi che tengono anche conto della percentuale della superfice corporea totale ustionata (TBSA).
Il procurement da Non Heart Beating Donor, un percorso in costruzione: studio osservazionale descrittivo sulle conoscenze degli infermieri italiani
Authors: Caratelli Alessio , Bartalini Bigi Camilla , Delle Donne Giulia , Diodato Francesco , Dragoni Noemi , Rosati Moris , D’ambrosio Francesco , Righi Lorenzo
Published: May 2023

Introduzione: l’obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di analizzare le conoscenze degli infermieri italiani in merito alla donazione da donatore DCD (Donor after Cardiac Death), cercando di capire il livello di preparazione e in quale parte questo dipenda dalla formazione base e/o post base o in base ad alcuni aspetti personali.

Materiali e metodi: è stata eseguita una breve revisione narrativa della letteratura attraverso la consultazione della banca dati MEDLINE con interfaccia PubMed e, successivamente, tramite l’impostazione di uno studio osservazionale descrittivo attraverso la somministrazione di un questionario composto da 19 item a risposta multipla.

Risultati: l’analisi degli articoli ricavati ha evidenziato che l’esperienza e la formazione specifica garantiscono che il delicato percorso donativo non subisca fasi d’arresto e vada a buon fine. I risultati dello studio sono stati elaborati in base all’età, la formazione base e post base e la diversità del setting lavorativo.

Discussione: i risultati scaturiti dal questionario sembrano confermare quanto emerso dalla revisione narrativa, ovvero la necessità di formazione del personale ai fini della corretta conduzione del processo donazione/trapianto da donatore NHBD (Non Heart Beating Donor).

Conclusioni: al fine di aumentare il procurement dal donatore NHBD e far sì che il processo subisca quante meno interruzioni possibile è importante eseguire corsi di formazione continua al personale coinvolto.
Evaluating the Typing Power of Six Isoenzymatic Systems for Differentiation of Clinical and Standard Isolates of Candida Species
Authors: Hatam Gholamreza , Morovati Hamid , Alikhani Marzieh , Rahimi Amir , Pakshir Keyvan , Amini Sara , Zomorodian Kamiar
Published: May 2023

Background:

Due to the increasing prevalence of candidiasis, early detection of the causative agents may pave the way for the management of this infection. The present study aimed to assess the discriminative power of the six isoenzymatic systems for differentiating the Candida species.

Materials and Methods:

Sixteen standard Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis strains and 30 fluconazole-sensitive and fluconazole-resistant clinical strains of Candida albicans were analyzed using a Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis (MLEE) method, including six enzymatic systems consisting of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), glucose-phosphate isomerase (GPI), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), and malic enzyme (ME).

Results:

Among the six enzymatic systems, ME showed no diagnostic activity, whereas MDH provided the best species-specific pattern for species discrimination. In addition, the MDH and G6PD systems provided a discriminatory pattern for differentiating C. dubliniensis from C. albicans isolates. The same isoenzymatic activity was detected in all 36 standard and clinical isolates. Moreover, the results showed no correlation between the isoenzymatic profiles and drug resistance.

Conclusion:

Among the investigated MLEE systems, MDH was able to differentiate between Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis. Although no association was detected between isoenzyme patterns and fluconazole resistance in this investigation, isoenzyme patterns are likely correlated with virulence factors between species and even within species. To answer these questions, additional studies should be done on more strains.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Diagnostic Evaluation of Pulmonary Diseases- An Institutional Experience
Authors: Siddiqui Swalaha Sadaf , Sharma Tanya , Khurana Alkesh Kumar , Goyal Abhishek , Joshi Deepti , Goel Garima , Khurana Ujjawal , Kapoor Neelkamal
Published: May 2023

Background:

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a widely accepted investigative tool for the diagnosis of pulmonary lesions. This study was done to find out the usefulness of BAL in diagnosis of pulmonary lesions from central Indian patient population.

Methods:

A cross-sectional prospective study was performed over a period of three years. All the BAL specimens of patients presenting to Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis during a period of January 2017 to December 2019 were included in the study. Cyto-histopathologic correlation was done, wherever available.

Results:

Of total 277 cases, there were 178 (64.5%) males and 99 (35.5%) females. The age of patients ranged from 4 years to 82 years. In 92 (33%) cases, specific infective etiology could be identified on BAL cytology, the most common being tuberculosis (26%) followed by fungal infections (2%). Rarely, infections like nocardia, actinomycosis, and hydatidosis were also identified. Eight cases (3%) of malignancy were identified which included two cases of adenocarcinoma, one case of small cell carcinoma, three cases of poorly differentiated carcinoma, and two cases suspicious for malignancy. Some rare diagnoses like diffuse alveolar damage, pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis, and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis could be identified on BAL.

Conclusion:

BAL is useful in primary diagnosis of infections and malignancies of lower respiratory tract. BAL may aid in diagnostic workup of diffuse lung diseases. A combination of clinical information, high-resolution computed tomography, and BAL analysis may furnish an assured diagnosis to the clinician and obviate need for invasive procedures.
Massive upper gastrointestinal bleed masquerading as portal hypertension due to foreign body ingestion in an infant
Authors: Thakur Shaifalika , Kishore Sunil , Kumar Rakesh
Published: May 2023

Massive gastrointestinal (GI) bleed frequently presents as a pediatric emergency, which needs to be aggressively managed and thoroughly investigated. We report the case of a 9-month-old infant who presented with a massive GI bleed due to foreign body ingestion. The chest X-ray showed a hairpin lodgment in the stomach. The patient had recurrent GI bleeds leading to shock. Once stabilized, a hairpin was retrieved from his gastric rugae folds by upper GI endoscopy. Our case highlights the need of looking beyond the routine causes in cases of intractable GI bleed, especially in the pediatric age group.
A rare presentation of Rickettsia disease with Kawasaki syndrome
Authors: Sunthwal Shraddha , Lad Sagar Sharad , Malpani Ankita , Bangar Ramdas , Jindal Aarti
Published: May 2023

Rickettsia is a common zoonotic disease causing fever, malaise, rash, and eruption changing to eschar with lymphadenopathy. Very few cases of Rickettsia disease with Kawasaki syndrome (KS) have been reported. We report a case of a 4-year-old girl with rickettsial disease presented with acute renal failure, shock, and features of KS. She was treated successfully with doxycycline, ceftriaxone, and intravenous immunoglobulins along with supportive management.
Antibiotic Resistance and Its Importance in Aquatic Organisms: A Review
Authors: Radkhah A. R. , Eagderi S.
Published: May 2023

This review was carried out with the aim of investigating antibiotic resistance and its importance in aquatic animals. Literature review showed that resistance to antibacterial drugs is an inevitable phenomenon that occurs as a result of the specific nature or adaptation of bacterial cells to antibiotics and genetic changes. Resistance happens in two ways, natural and acquired. In this study, mechanism of acquired resistance including 1) Chromosomal resistance induced by spontaneous mutation, and 2) resistance induced by genetic exchanges was investigated. Also, types of resistance induced by plasmid transfer including transformation, mediated transfer and conjugation were focused. At the end of the paper, the importance of antibiotic resistance in humans was discussed.
Waste Management Practices and Operational Performance of Hotels in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Chikezie J. , Adedeji E. O. , Onihunwa J. O. , Meduna P. N. , Joshua D. A.
Published: May 2023

The objective of this study was to determine waste management practices influencing the operational performance of hotels in Lagos State, Nigeria using 120 structured questionnaire that was administered to 20 hotels. Results showed that waste management practices in hotels are very important (3.83), while levels of their operational performance is to a large extent (3.16). Linear Regression showed that waste reduction, reuse and recycling practices (β = 0.383), waste collection and depositing practices (β = 0.413) and waste composting and treatment practices (β = 0.258) significantly (p<0.05) influenced the operational performance of hotels in the study area. The study concluded that waste reduction, reuse, recycling, waste collection, depositing, composting and treatment practices are important contributors in determining the operational performance of hotels. It was recommended that waste management guiding principles, framework and policies be developed and communicated to all stakeholders for proper and effective implementation.
Distribution of the African Malaria Vectors (Anopheline Mosquitoes) in Kontagora, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Garba Yusuf
Published: May 2023

Mosquitoes are responsible for the spread and transmission of several diseases including malaria, a dreaded disease that still affects nearly half of the world population.  This study was conducted in Kontagora, a metropolitan urban settlement in North-Central Nigeria to evaluate the spartial and temporal distribution of Anopheline mosquitoes.  Adult mosquitoes were collected from five (5) sampling sites widely located in Kwangwara, Tudun wada, Dadin kowa, Sabon gari and Usubu areas of Kontagora metropolis. The mosquitoes were morphologically identified to Anophelines using standard taxonomic keys with the aid of Trinocular Microscope.  Data generated revealed that spartial distribution of Anopheline mosquitoes Mean ±SE across the study areas occurred in the following order of decreasing abundance; Kwangwara (11.25±1.03) > Tudun wada (9.30 ±0.77) > Sabon gari (8.96±0.78), > Dadin kowa (8.92±0.88) > Usubu (8.59±0.82) with no significant variation (P>0.05) between sampling locations. However, the monthly distribution of Anopheline mosquitoes revealed high abundance of Anopheline vectors Mean ±SE   in August (14.00±2.91) and low abundance in March (3.80±1.57), with significant variation (p<0.05) between months.  The distribution of Anopheline mosquitoes observed in the study area was more or less directly related to the distribution of breeding sites. Studies on vector distribution on a local scale was recommended for effective control intervention.
Constancy of the Half Value Layer of Cobalt-doped borate glasses with Lanthanum Oxide Additive at Extremely High Radiation Energy
Authors: Isa M. N. , Alhassan M. , Ibrahim H. A.
Published: May 2023

Radiation shielding is essential for protecting workers, patients, and the environment from harmful effects of radiation. To achieve effective and non-toxic shielding, scientists are interested in developing lead-free materials with low thickness that can still attenuate radiation. This is where the concept of Half Value Layer (HVL) comes in. The aim of this study is to investigate the nature of the HVL of Cobalt-doped borate glasses with five different concentrations of Lanthanum oxide (La2O3) additive at various energy levels. Phy-X/PSD software was used to simulate radiation exposure and determined the HVL values for energies within the order of 0-10 keV, 10 – 100 keV, 100 keV – 1 MeV, 1 – 10, 10 – 100, 100 – 1,000, 1,000 – 10,000, and 10,000 - 100,000 MeV. The results showed that the HVL values fluctuated depending on the energy range of the incident radiation, but they remained constant within a mean value at extremely high energies. These findings can help manufacturers to determine the appropriate thicknesses and the amounts of (La2O3) additive for different applications of this glass system.
Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Ageratum conyzoides on Spray-Paint-Induced Injury in the Lungs of Adult Wistar Rats
Authors: Ehi-Omosun M. B. , Bello J.
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Ageratum conyzoides on spray-paint-induced injury in the lungs of adult Wistar rats. The 30 adult Wistar rats weighing between 250g and 280g that were used in this research were divided into 5 groups of six 6 rats per group. The haematological outcome showed that spray paint caused some derangements in haematolodical parameters especially lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets. Histologically, interstitial haemorrhage, pulmonary edema, and activation of lymphoid tissue were observed in the rat treated with spray paint only. Ageratum conyzoides shrunk the local activated immune system and the florid-activated broncho-alveolar aggregates of the immune system in the Ageratum conyzoides treated rats. In conclusion, Ageratum conyzoides has ameliorative effects against spray-paint-induced injury in the lungs of Wistar rats and its effect is inversely proportional to dosage. It is more potent at low doses.
Proximate, Phytochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Ethanol Extracts of Zeamays and Teiferia occidentalis Plant Leaves from Plastic Enriched Compost Soil in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Atuanya E. I. , Igunbor N. , Emejulu M. I.
Published: May 2023

This study examined proximate, phytochemical and antibacterial properties of ethanol extracts of maize (Zea mays) and pumpkin (Terferia occidentalis) plant leaves from plastics enriched compost soil in Edo State, Nigeria using standard techniques. In this study, the highest phytochemicals constituents were found in control plants with saponin and flavonoid being the most abundant. However, observable decrease and absence of some photochemical constituent were observed in plastic enriched plants. Thus, the presence of microplastic in the soil may have played a part in the reduction of plant phytochemical constituent and possibly reduce the antibacterial properties of our medicinal plant. In proximate analyses, it was observed that phytochemical parameters such as protein, fat, fiber, and carbohydrate, decreased in percentage as the microplastic concentration increases in the soil.
Water Absorption Characteristics of Two Rattan Species (Laccosperma Secundiflorum and Eremospatha Macrocarpa) from Fresh Water Swamp, Lagos State and Rain Forest, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogutuga S. O. , Olaoye K. O. , Areghan S. E. , Okanlawon F. B.
Published: May 2023

Water Absorption is one of the properties that determine the suitability of rattan canes as structural material especially for outdoor use. This study therefore evaluated the water absorption characteristics of two rattan species (laccosperma secundiflorum and eremospatha macrocarpa) from a fresh water swamp, Arapagi village, Lagos state and rain forest-Nicholas village, Edo state in Nigeria by collecting three matured wild rattan species from each ecological location and the water absorption carried out after 24 hours and 48 hours respectively. The results show that, water absorption after 24 hours ranged from 39.63 % to 82.51%. However, water absorption after 48hours increased from 44.53 % to 93.74 %. It was also observed that water absorption after 24 hours and 48 hours increased along the axial direction from base to top. Meanwhile, the samples of the two rattan species sourced from Rain forest had lower water absorption values than Fresh water swamp. In conclusion, the two rattan species had different levels of water affinity, however, samples obtained at the base from Rain forest absorbed less water.
Environmental Impact of Leachate Pollution on Ground Water Quality at Yelwa Kagadama, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Lagasi J. E. , Uloko J. O. , Shetak B. K. , Yiltawe J. D.
Published: May 2023

The effect of solid waste dumpsites leachate on groundwater quality of Yelwa Kagadama Bauchi, in Bauchi State, Nigeria was evaluated using appropriate standard techniques. The parameters determined included nitrite, magnesium, total alkalinity, sulphate, calcium, phosphate, temperature, TDS, conductivity, pH, colour and turbidity. It was discovered that the wells have high level of colour ranges from 0 to 85 which shows that well I 25, well II 60 and well IV 85 did not falls within the standard compared to WHO and NSDWQ standard of 5.00, but other parameters are within the NSDWQ standard. Hence such water should be treated by employing some measures such as applying alum and disinfectant before use which will help to reduce pollutants, but majorly an improved water supply to the study area will go a long way to correct the unhealthy condition. The pH ranges from 6.33 to 7.79 indicating toxic pollution, turbidity was between 0, 1, 8, 12 and 29 NTU respectively and the concentration of nitrite ranges from 0.010 to 0.008 mg/l which falls within the standard, calcium ranges from 83 to 166 mg/l which does not fall within the standard, which shows the presence of hardness in water. The implication is that forming lather with soap.  The results show that all but some of the well was strongly polluted but will require certain levels of treatment before use. Also casing of the wells is of critical importance in addition to siting dump site at reasonable distances from wells, sorting, and adoption of clean technology to prevent further contamination of ground water flow are recommended.
Student-Created Videos of Climate Change Vulnerability: Opportunity for connection and care
Authors: Ziervogel Gina , Pallitt Nicola
Published: May 2023

Climate change is increasingly being seen as a complex problem that requires a change in personal and practical dimensions. To support this, climate change educators need to make use of pedagogic approaches that enable students to engage in relational values of care, empathy and connection alongside understanding the problem and potential responses. Participatory approaches, whereby students engage with members of local communities to understand climate change vulnerability, have the potential to create opportunities for connection between students, communities, universities and society in theory and practice. We describe a student video project that took place in a third-year course Sustainability and the Environment in the Department of Environmental and Geographical Science at the University of Cape Town (UCT), South Africa. Students worked in groups to undertake and film a vulnerability assessment with individuals or organisations around Cape Town in relation to the city’s water crisis. Their group submission, a documentary video, needed to tell a story about social vulnerability and adaptation to the water crisis. Through a carefully scaffolded process, students’ reflections indicated that the vulnerability video process helped them to understand the concept of vulnerability and strengthen their care for and connection to those ‘vulnerable’ to climate impacts. This kind of process-oriented authentic learning experience holds potential for increasing climate change literacy that other educators might consider.

Keywords: climate change education; video and film; climate change vulnerability; authentic learning; ethics and care