bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flow Behavior Characteristics and Processing Map of Fe-6.5wt.%Si Alloys during Hot Compression
Authors: Wen Shibo , Han Chaoyu , Zhang Bao , Liang Yongfeng , Ye Feng , Lin Junpin
Published: February 2018

The flow behavior of Fe-6.5wt.%Si alloys during hot compression was investigated at temperatures 650–950 °C and strain rates 0.01–10 s-1. The results showed that the flow stress depended distinctly on the deformation temperatures and strain rates. The flow stress and work hardening rate increased with the decrease of temperature and the increase of strain rate. The activation energy under all the deformation conditions was calculated to be 410 kJ/mol. The constitutive equation with hyperbolic sine function and Zener–Hollomon parameter was developed. The peak stress, critical stress, and steady-state stress could be represented as σ=A+Bln(Z/A). Dynamic recrystallization occurred under the deformation conditions where the values of Z were lower than 1020. Processing maps were established to optimize the processing parameters. The power dissipation efficiency decreased in the high temperature and low strain rate region, increased in the high temperature and high strain rate region, and remained unchanged in other regions with the increase of true strain. Furthermore, the unstable area expanded. The true strain of 0.7 was the optimum reduction according to the processing map. Based on the analysis of surface quality, microstructures, and ordered structures, the optimized processing parameters for the Fe-6.5wt.%Si alloys were the temperature and strain rate of higher than 900 °C and 0.01–10 s-1, respectively, or 800–900 °C and lower than 0.4 s-1, respectively.
Keberagaman Tumbuhan Obat pada Hutan Rawa Gambut Sebangau, Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Denny Denny , Kalima Titi
Published: February 2018

Kalimantan Tengah memiliki keanekaragaman hutan rawa gambut yang berperan bagi gudang plasma nutfah khususnya tumbuhan obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status konservasi spesies tumbuhan obat, khususnya yang berhubungan dengan struktur dan komposisi serta keanekaragamannya. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode jalur berpetak,  membuat 40 petak pengamatan berbagai tingkat pertumbuhan yang masing-masing berukuran 20 x 20 m,10 x 10 m, 5 x 5 m, dan 1 x 1 m dengan luas total 2,104 ha. Semua tumbuhan berbagai kelas diameter yang  berada  di  dalam  petak  pengamatan  dicatat,  diukur,  dan diidentifikasi.  Kondisi vegetasi tumbuhan obat dicirikan oleh tingkat kerapatan pohon dengan rata-rata 93,140 batang/ha dan luas bidang dasar 10,606 m2/ha, tiang 622,50 batang/ha dan luas bidang dasar 17,1606 m2/ha, pancang 5450 batang/ha dan luas bidang dasar 41,712 m2/ha, serta semai tingkat kerapatan 6975 batang/ha. Dalam seluruh petak pengamatan terdapat 56 spesies tumbuhan obat termasuk dalam 48 marga dan 30 famili. Berdasarkan indeks nilai penting spesies, maka Diospyros borneensis Hiern, Combretocarpus rotundus Dans, merupakan spesies yang paling dominan, diikuti tingkat semai Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC.  Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman pada kisaran 1< H'≤ 3. Terdapat enam spesies tumbuhan obat yang dilindungi berdasarkan PP. 7/1999, tiga spesies kedalam CITES dan 15 spesies termasuk dalam daftar IUCN.
Proliferasi Kalus dan Induksi Embriogenesis Somatik Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon saguRottb.) Menggunakan Tiga Metode Kultur: Sistem Perendaman Sesaat, Suspensi dan Media Padat
Authors: Riyadi Imron , Santoso Djoko , Purwoko Bambang S. , Efendi Darda
Published: February 2018

Proliferasi Kalus dan Induksi Embriogenesis Somatik Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon saguRottb.) Menggunakan Tiga Metode Kultur: Sistem Perendaman Sesaat, Suspensi

 dan Media Padat. Imron Riyadi, Djoko Santoso, Bambang S. Purwoko dan Darda Efendi.  Metode kultur in vitro yang tepat akan meningkatkan efektifitas dan efisiensi pada proses penggandaan kalus maupun induksi embriogenesis somatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh metode kultur dan konsentrasi 2,4-D dalam proses penggandaan kalus maupun induksi embryogenesis somatic. Bahan tanam atau eksplan awal yang digunakan adalah kalus remah hasil induksi dari kultur meristem pucuk tunas anakan sagu. Kalus tersebut dikulturkan pada media Murashige dan Skoog modifikasi dengan penambahan 2,4-D 5,0 – 15,0 mg/L dikombinasikan dengan kinetin 0,1 mg/L yang menggunakan tiga metode kultur yaitu kultur suspensi, sistem perendaman sesaat (SPS) dan media padat, sehingga terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot segar kalus tertinggi sebesar 12,0 g/bejana yang dicapai pada perlakuan S D15K0,1 (kultur suspensi dengan konsentrasi ZPT berupa 2,4-D 15,0 mg/L dikombinasikan dengan kinetin 0,1 g/L). Perolehan jumlah embrio somatic tertinggi dicapai pada perlakuan S D5K0,1 (kultur suspensi dengan konsentrasi ZPT berupa 2,4-D 5,0 mg/L dikombinasikan dengan kinetin 0,1 g/L) sebesar 384,7 buah/bejana. Daya hidup kultur sagu terbaik dan tertinggi diperoleh pada metode kultur suspensi pada semua perlakuan konsentrasi 2,4-D yang mencapai 100%. Selama proses induksi embrio somatic, terjadi perubahan warna kalus dari sebagian besar kekuningan menjadi krem dan putih-kekuningan.
Kekerabatan Beberapa Aksesi Padi Lokal Tahan Hama Penyakit Berdasarkan Analisis Polimorfisme Marka SSR
Authors: Susanto Untung , Satoto Satoto
Published: February 2018

Kegiatan karakterisasi secara genotipik merupakan salah satu sub kegiatan penting dalam pengelolaan plasma nutfah. Filogeni atau pohon kekerabatan berdasarkan data genotipik lebih mampu memperlihatkan berapa jarak genetik antar plasma nutfah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Filogeni dan jarak genetik antar plasma nutfah padi lokal unggul koleksi Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi.  Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April – Desember 2015 di Laboratorium DNA Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi. Materi genetik yang digunakan adalah 15 padi lokal unggul dan varietas Ciherang yang merupakan varietas popular dilibatkan dalam penelitian sebagai kontrol. Analisa molekuler yang digunakan adalah analisa mikrosatelit SSR (simple sequence repeat) dengan jumlah marka SSR sebanyak 18. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terbentuk 3 kelompok/cluster besar pada pylogeni yang terbentuk. Cluster 1 terdiri dari genotype: Gadis Langsat, Kebo, Bandang sigadis, Ciherang, Jawa sleman, Marahmay, Takong, Ampek panjang, Benoraja, dan Siawak. Cluster 2 terdiri dari: Ase balucung, Ase bukne, Jadul, Pare lotong, dan Pare pulu. Cluster 3 terdiri dari varietas lokal Kapas. Jarak genetik paling jauh dimiliki antara Pare pulu dan Ampek panjang dengan koefisien jarak genetik 2.054. kekerabatan paling dekat dimiliki antara Siawak dan Padi kuning dengan jarak genetik 0.089.
STORAGE LIFE OF RAMBUTAN PACKED BY USING MICROPERFORATED EMAP AND CAS TECHNIQUES FOR LONG DISTANCE TRANSPORTATION
Authors: Setyadjit NFN , Knol J. , Paillard M , Yuliani Sri , Prabawati Sulusi , Broto Wisnu , Rosalina J
Published: February 2018

Ada banyak teknologi untuk meningkatkan umur simpan rambutan, yang merupakan buah non klimakterik, antara lain teknik EMAP (Equillibrium Modified Atmosphere Packaging) dan teknik CA (Controlled Atmosphere). Percobaan laboratorium menggunakan teknik EMAP pada rambutan cv. Binjai dan Lebak Bulus dilakukan dengan menggunakan 4 tingkat jumlah lubang pada LDPE film dengan perforasi mikro: 0, 5, 10, 30 lubang (100 μm) dan stretch film (kontrol supermarket); dikombinasikan dengan suhu penyimpanan (kamar vs 10oC). Sebelum menempatkan buah di ruang penyimpanan 10oC, rambutan telah diadaptasi dengan suhu 15oC selama 24 jam. EMAP 10 perforasi mikro lebih unggul untuk menjaga kesegaran buah hingga 21 hari pada suhu 10oC untuk 'Binjai' dan 'Lebak Bulus'. Perforasi mikro EMAP 10 yang diterapkan di kontainer yang diangkut udara dari Jakarta ke Belanda (Amsterdam, 40 jam, jarak 11350.64 km) menunjukkan penyimpanan selama 18 hari untuk Binjai dan Lebak Bulus, tetapi hanya 14 hari untuk Rapiah. Penyimpanan lanjutan dengan menggunakan CA, tidak bisa mencapai 30 hari. Oksigen rendah (3 % O2) ditambah CO2 14-17% menunjukkan retensi warna daging yang lebih baik. Dengan demikian, agar tranport udara memungkinkan untuk mengirim rambutan ke Eropa, direkomendasikan menggunakan liner plastic dalam karton dan perlu dikemas dengan EMAP setelah tiba di tujuan.
Potential of Trichoderma spp. Secondary Metabolite in Controlling Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD) on Cacao Seedlings
Authors: Harni Rita , Amaria Widi , Syafaruddin Syafaruddin , Mahsunah Anis Herliyati
Published: February 2018

Trichoderma spp. is a beneficial microbe that produces bioactive molecules (secondary metabolites) containing antibiotics, enzymes, hormones, as well as toxins, which play an important role in plant diseases biocontrol. The research aimed to determine the potential of secondary metabolite Trichoderma spp. to control vascular streak dieback disease in cacao seedlings. The research was conducted in Plant Protection Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI) and farmers' garden in Balubus village, Lima Puluh Kota, West Sumatera, from April to August 2016. The research used a complete randomized design of 7 treatments using 5 replications, each treatment with 5 plants. The treatment was a secondary metabolite of T. virens LP1, T. hamatum LP2, T. amazonicum LP3, T. atroviride JB2, and T. viride PRD, control (no secondary metabolite), and chemical fungicide as comparison. The 3 months old cacao seedlings were treated with secondary metabolite of Trichoderma spp. by spraying the metabolite suspension throughout the leaf surface. The secondary metabolite applied once a week for 6 times. C. theobromae inoculation was conducted naturally by placing cacao seedlings under a cacao tree infected with VSD. Observations were incubation period, VSD intensity, and growth of cacao seedlings. The results showed that secondary metabolites potentially utilized for controlling VSD in cacao seedlings. The most potential secondary metabolites are T. amazonicum LP3 and T. virens LP1 with respective disease suppression up to 81.8% and 63.2% or higher than and equivalent chemical fungicide (63.6%), and can increase plants height, number of leaves, and girth diameter.
Tingkat Resistensi Helopeltis antonii (Hemiptera: Miridae) pada Tanaman Kakao terhadap Tiga Golongan Insektisida Sintetis
Authors: Utami Aidha , Dadang Dadang , Nurmansyah Ali , Laba I Wayan
Published: February 2018

In Indonesia, Helopeltis antonii Signoret is one damaging pest in cacao plant which may cause 60% production loss. Farmers have been using synthetic insecticides to control it.   However, insecticides use with inappropriate dose  can lead to resistance. The research aimed to determine the resistance level of H. antonii against three types of insecticides. The research was conducted at Green House of Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor. Collection of field population and interview of insecticides use was conducted at cacao plantation in Bogor, Ciamis, and Sukabumi, West Java from August 2016 to June 2017. The insect used was 3rd instar which divided into two groups, laboratory and field populations. Insecticides used contained active ingredients of chlorpyrifos (organophosphate), lambda-cyhalothrin (pyrethroid), and thiamethoxam (neonicotinoid). Cucumber was used as feed substitute for the multiplication of H. antonii test. The experiment was performed using five insecticide concentrations determined by preliminary test result. The relationships between insecticide concentration and insect mortality was analyzed by probit program. The interviews indicated that the insecticides widely used by farmers are pyrethroid type. The result demonstrated that field population of H. antonii from Bogor and Ciamis were resistant to lambda-cyhalothrin with resistance ratio (RR) of 4.2 and 10.8, respectively, whereas population from Sukabumi had RR value of 1.2. All field population of H. antonii showed resistance indication against thiamethoxam with RR ranged from 1.8 to 3.1. Resistance indication to chlorpyrifos was only shown by population from Bogor (RR 1.5).
Attack Intensity of Twig Borer Xylosandrus compactus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Four Robusta Coffee Clones
Authors: Indriati Gusti , Khaerati Khaerati , Sobari Iing , Pranowo Dibyo
Published: February 2018

Xylosandrus compactus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is one main pest in coffee plant which damages the branches. Each Robusta coffee clones has unique genetical, physiological, and morphological characteristics, thus presumably has different resistance levels to X. Compactus. This study aimed to determine the attack intensity of X. compactus on four Robusta coffee clones (SA 237, BP 308, BP 358 and RBGN 371) in the field. The research was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station and Integrated Laboratory of the Indonesian Industrial and Beverages Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from September to Desember 2016. Three years old Robusta coffee plants of SA 237, BP 308, BP 358, and RBGN 371 clones were used, with 2.5 m x 2.5 m spacing and Gliricidia sepium, Musa paradisiaca, and Aleurites trisperma as shading plants. Variables observed were the attack symptoms in the hole, the insects stadia, the hole diameter, number and length of eggs, number and length of larvae, length and width of X. compactus imago, the attack symptoms and intensity. Moreover, sunlight intensity and water content of coffee branch was also observed as supportiing data. Data were analyzed by anova of completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments of coffee clones and 6 replications. The results showed that attack of X. compactus was occurred at the branch of coffee plant, which potentially causing crops damage. Of the four Robusta coffee clones observed showed that the highest attack intensity and number of holes occurred in SA 237 clone, and the lowest in RBGN 371 clone.
Estudio de resvestimientos con morteros modificados de sulfato calcico contra fuegos de alta intensidad para conducciones de tuberías en la industria petroquimica
Authors: Serna Jara Luis Miguel
Published: February 2018

En la actualidad, la industria petroquímica representa uno de los mayores sectores económicos  a nivel internacional. Desde, hace mucho tiempo se viene investigando en medios y medidas para la protección contra incendios en edificaciones, tanto de forma activa como pasiva. Sin embargo, muchas de estas investigaciones se han llevado a la práctica en edificaciones e instalaciones industriales, pero se ha convertido en una asignatura pendiente el estudio sobre infraestructuras e instalaciones particulares de un nivel de riesgo alto, como pueden ser las plantas petroquímicas y sus instalaciones. Con este estudio, se pretende llevar acabo el análisis de un material como es el mortero de yeso como aplicación de revestimiento de protección contra incendio, de forma pasiva, en las tuberías de fluidos de distribución en las plantas petroquímicas. La finalidad es que la aplicación de morteros modificados de sulfato de calcio, sea un elemento que contribuya a la protección de dichas tuberías ante posibles incendios y/o explosiones de origen diverso.
Desarrollo de un sistema basado en un LCOS-SLM para la generación de espectros sintonizables
Authors: Cofré Henríquez Aarón
Published: February 2018

Empleando un modulador espacial de luz de cristal líquido sobre silicio (LCoS-SLM) como un retardador pixelado programable, se ha logrado desarrollar un sistema óptico que permite controlar el espectro de una fuente de luz láser de supercontínuo. El haz polarizado pasa por una red de difracción que descompone sus componentes espectrales, que se proyectansobre el LCoS-SLM, al cual aplicamos desde un ordenador diferentes máscaras de nivel de gris, logrando modificar la fase de cada longitud de onda. Al recombinarse el haz completo y atravesar por un analizador permite el paso de la intensidad de la luz de cada longitud de onda de acuerdo a la nueva fase que ésta adquirió en el modulador. Para la creación de las máscaras se analizaron tres métodos, el primero basado en un ajuste de Cauchy, el segundo en una interpolación de los valores obtenidos por un muestreo rápido y la última propuesta en la creación de una tabla con todos los valores. Finalmente presentamos los diferentes resultados que se obtuvieron como la elección de ciertas longitudes de onda y la creación de un filtro paso banda variable.
Digestión de alimentos: Tendencias en los modelos de digestión in vitro
Authors: Lucas González Raquel
Published: February 2018

Los ensayos de digestión in vitro simulan las condiciones fisiológicas de la digestión in vivo. Son, por lo tanto,  valiosas herramientas para el estudio y comprensión de los cambios, interacciones, así como biodisponibilidad y bioaccesibilidad de los nutrientes, fármacos y compuestos no-nutritivos. Es una técnica ampliamente utilizada en campos como la nutrición, farmacología o química de los alimentos. En los últimos 40 años se han publicado más de 18.000 artículos de investigación que emplean ensayos de digestión in vitro para dilucidar múltiples cuestiones como la digestibilidad de proteínas, las interacciones entre nutrientes o la viabilidad de microorganismos encapsulados. La tendencia más reciente en el uso de esta técnica recae en la determinación de la actividad antioxidante de los compuestos bioactivos tras la digestión. No obstante, la incapacidad de reproducir ciertos eventos de la digestión in vivo, así como, los múltiples modelos de digestión in vitro que existen, ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de optimizar y validar el método con ensayos in vivo para determinar sus limitaciones y usos. El estado actual de la técnica, así como las nuevas tendencias en su aplicación son el objetivo del presente trabajo.
Efectos negativos de la flexibilidad laboral
Authors: Mayor Serra Antonio J.
Published: February 2018

La presente revisión teórica ha tenido como objetivo ahondar sobre sobre los riesgos de  pérdida de productividad como consecuencia de  entornos que inducen a la  desviación entre los intereses de empresa y trabajador, y que son reflejo de la excesiva flexibilización del mercado de trabajo,  dando origen a  comportamientos que implican la no transmisión de información y conocimiento entre agentes, provocando el deterioro en la  capacidad de crecimiento e innovación de las organizaciones.
Síntesis de nanocristales de sulfuro de cadmio con recubrimiento mixto 1-Decanotiol/Tiofenol
Authors: Rodríguez Mas Fernando
Published: February 2018

En el siguiente estudio se realizó la síntesis de nanopartículas de CdS recubiertas por dos tipos de radicales orgánicos, 1-Decanotiol y Tiofenol, mediante dos métodos sencillos. Las nanopartículas se caracterizaron mediante absorción óptica y fotoluminiscencia. Como resultado se observó que dichos nanocristales poseen las características propias de puntos cuánticos y que la mezcla de recubrimientos orgánicos empleada en la síntesis de nanopartículas de CdS afecta a sus propiedades ópticas.
Efectos del ambiente estrogénico materno en la masa y la función de la célula beta pancreática de la descendencia: implicaciones en la etiología de la diabetes tipo 2
Authors: Boronat-Belda Talía
Published: February 2018

El origen de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 es multifactorial e involucra diversos factores genéticos y medioambientales. Estos últimos incluyen a los contaminantes químicos ambientales llamados disruptores endocrinos. El bisfenol-A (BPA) es un disruptor endocrino que actúa fundamentalmente mimetizando a los estrógenos, uniéndose y activando los receptores de estrógenos ERalfa y ERbeta (ER y ER ). La exposición a BPA durante la gestación altera la homeostasis de la glucosa en los descendientes. Los principales cambios observados se resumen en un bajo peso al nacer seguido de un aumento significativo de la masa de células beta pancreáticas al mes de vida, con un incremento de la tasa de división celular y una disminución de la apoptosis. Además, se observa un aumento de la expresión de genes clave en la formación de la célula beta. La hipótesis del presente trabajo plantea que el aumento de la actividad estrogénica durante la preñez es un factor determinante en la regulación de la masa y función de la célula beta, y puede condicionar la aparición de diabetes tipo 2 en el individuo adulto.
Advanced digital signal processing methods for effective noise cancellation of vehicle related signals. State of the Art
Authors: Carriazo Rabadán Daniel
Published: February 2018

The current trend of vehicle technology’s evolution points towards a further automation of the automobile. The information that such a vehicle processes and handles becomes therefore more important from the performance but also from the safety point of view. The main target of this research is to improve the reliability, accuracy and timing of the information measured by mass produced sensors, whether the sensors are set up in single or array configuration. The scope of the considered sensors covers those related to the automotive sector, both current and potential ones. It is planned to achieve the main target by 1) actively reducing the noise to increase the SNR of the sensor measurements and/or by 2) using advanced processing methods that remove/minimize the delay they introduce in the processing system.
Estudio de la conectividad cerebral en dos estados característicos de alcoholismo mediante imagen de resonancia magnética. Aplicación en rata como modelo experimental
Authors: Pérez Cervera Laura
Published: February 2018

La adicción al alcohol se engloba dentro de los principales trastornos en la población humana, pero las opciones para su tratamiento son muy limitadas. En este artículo hacemos un breve recorrido por la literatura más actual de este trastorno, profundizando sobre todo en los modelos animales más utilizados y en la imagen de resonancia magnética como técnica principal.
Tratamientos alternativos sostenibles basados en elicitación con biomoléculas para la mejora de la calidad de frutas y minimizar sus pérdidas
Authors: Serna Escolano Vicente
Published: February 2018

Los cultivos frutales representan una parte muy importante de la producción y comercio mundial de productos agrícolas. Uno de los principales problemas para el productor, manipulador ynconsumidor son las mermas en pre-cosecha y post-cosecha, sin olvidar los residuos asociados a plantaciones intensivas. Una respuesta a la problemática vino de la mano del reciente descubrimiento de un sistema hormonal que controla un abanico muy importante de funciones esenciales en planta y fruto. Mediante la utilización de diferentes compuestos intermediarios presentes en dichas rutas se podría inducir una respuesta fisiológica en el árbol, la cual, ayudaría a la mejora de la calidad de los frutos y a que los cultivos resistan mejor el estrés abiótico/biótico, a esta tecnológica se la conoce como ‘elicitación’. Además, los compuestos aplicados se encuentran localizados de forma natural en las plantas y no representan riesgo alguno para el medio ambiente o la salud humana. Otra característica que merece especial mención es que algunos de estos compuestos presentan actividad antibiótica, por lo que podría ayudar a disminuir las mermas derivadas de pudriciones.
Scientific component of the legal education in Ukraine
Authors: Chernadchuk Viktor , Shvaher Olha
Published: February 2018

The training of law specialists in the context of the European integration processes should be based on educational standards and requirements both of the national legislation and international acts. In present conditions of dynamic development of social relations and, accordingly, the development and improvement of legislation, the scientific knowledge of legal phenomena becomes increasingly important both in practical activities (law-making and law enforcement) and in the process of training of specialists in the field of law. The knowledge of legal phenomena, categories, concepts and terms is a complex process of understanding the essence, content and structure of these phenomena in the process of scientific activity aimed at identifying the true characteristics of the surrounding social and legal environment in order to obtain the knowledge about these phenomena, their objective relationships and principles for their further use in practical legal activity (law-making and law enforcement).The application of scientific principles in legal education does not cause any doubt, however methodological approaches and the issues of employment of certain methodological techniques to ensure the unity of science and practice remain controversial. The article presents the author’s vision of solving complex issues relating to the understanding of the essence of legal phenomena by unifying the terminology, improving the conceptual apparatus and applying the relevant classification, etc. The presented authors’ reflections will help find the optimal model for developing a training process for specialists in the field of law. Such a model should take into account not only the labor market demand but also the practical skills and knowledge of law and legal practice. Therefore it is extremely important to use scientific principles in the educational process, the formation of scientific thinking of students and acquisition by them of scientific approaches and the methodology of scientific research.
Retinol, α-Tocopherol and Vitamin D3 in White MuscleDisease
Authors: MERT HANDAN , YİLDİRİM SERKAN , YORUK IBRAHİM HAKKİ , IRAK KİVANC , COMBA BAHAT , MERT NİHAT , AYSİN NESRULLAH , COMBA ARZU
Published: February 2018

Vitamins are essential for the health of all living organisms. Vitamins E, A, D and K are known as fat-soluble vitamins, and deprivation of vitamin E causes various disorders, especially in the reproduction and cardiovascular systems and in muscle functions. Vitamin A, on the other hand, has roles in various biological functions – like eyesight – and the growth, reproduction and differentiation of epithelial cells. Vitamin A deficiency leads to the keratinization of the epithelium, and disorders related to the metaplasies of the genital and genitourinary systems. Conversely, vitamin D is defined as a pro-hormone and is responsible for Cahomeostasis, and thus indirectly affects the bone metabolism, bone structure, and cellular and neural functions of Ca. White muscle disease (WMD) can occur in newborn lambs, but is more commonly seen in lambs of up to 3 months of age. In this study, 30 lambs of 3 to 50-days-old from different flocks diagnosed with White Muscle Disease (WMD) were selected as research material, while the control group consisted of 8 healthy lambs. With the aim of clarifying the cause of WMD, serum fat-soluble vitamins, retinol, α-tocopherol and vitamin D3 levels were determined in 16 lambs. Gluteal and heart musclet issue samples also were taken from 30 lambs with WMD. The vitamin levels of the samples were analysed by HPLC. The levels of serum α-tocopherol, retinols, and vitamin D3 were foundto be low in the diseased animals, but only retinol (p<0.001) and α-tocopherol (p<0.0011) level differences were statistically relevant. Macroscopically, Zenker’s necrosis was determined in the heart muscles of 17 lambs, and in the gluteal and chest muscles of 6 lambs. 7 lambs displayed necrosis in both their heart and in gluteal muscles. The samples were analyzed microscopically to reach similar findings: swollen homogeneous pink muscles, pycnotic nuclei, and hyperaemic and haemorrhagic blood vessels in gluteal, chest and heart muscles. Hyaline degeneration and Zenker's necrosis, dystrophic regions in necrotic areas, cc was detected as a severe disease in lambs at an early stage of life with advanced degeneration in different muscle tissues. Deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins was also detected in the sick animals. Control group lambs had higher levels of α tocopherol and retinol (p<0.001) compared to the sick lambs. .
Influence of snail meat in the diet on mandibular bone loss in male rats: A densitometric, tomographic and morphometric study
Authors: BIEŃKO MAREK , RADZKI RADOSŁAW PIOTR , WOLSKI DARIUSZ , DĘBIAK PIOTR , SZKUCIK KRZYSZTOF , ZIOMEK MONIKA , GONDEK MICHAŁ
Published: February 2018

The study was aimed at determining the effects of diets containing snail meat as the sole protein source, on mandible quality in male Wistar rats. In the experiment, three different snail-based diets were tested and compared with a casein-based control diet. These included snail meat from Helix pomatia, Cornu aspersum maxima and Cornu aspersum aspersum. In all diets, the protein content amounted to 10% (as calculated on a dry weight basis). Forty male Wistar rats with an initial body mass of 50 g ± 2 were randomly allocated to one control and three experimental groups. After 28 days of experimental feeding, the rats were sacrificed. Their mandibles were isolated and investigated by densitometric (DXA), tomographic (pQCT) and morphometric methods. Moreover, the mechanical parameters (ultimate strength and Young’s modulus) of the mandibles were measured. The results revealed that snail meat as the sole source of protein significantly decreased the bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) of the mandibles. Moreover, the tomographic analysis demonstrated that each type of snail-based diet had a negative influence on the bone cortical and trabecular compartments (which was especially noticeable in the decreasing pQCT parameters). The investigation of mechanical resistance of the mandibles also revealed lower values of the ultimate strength and Young’s modulus in the snail-based diet groups, compared with the casein group. .
Effect of fundectomy, antrectomy and gastrectomy on pancreatic and brush border enzyme activity in rats
Authors: KAPICA MAŁGORZATA , PUZIO IWONA
Published: February 2018

The aim of our study was to investigate the possible effects of the removal of different parts of the stomach (fundectomy, antrectomy, gastrectomy) on the total protein content and enzyme activity in the pancreas and the brush border of the intestinal mucosa. Twenty-four 2.5-month-old male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sham-operated animals (SHO) and those subjected to gastrectomy (Gx), fundectomy (Fx), and antrectomy (ANT). After a six-week experiment, the rats were sacrificed, and blood was collected for further gastrin analysis in serum. Samples of the pancreas, duodenum, and jejunum (proximal part in 25% of length, middle part in 50% of length, and distal part in 75% of length) were collected to determine the total protein content and enzyme activity. The rats subjected to fundectomy, antrectomy and gastrectomy showed an increased total protein content and enzyme activity (amylase, trypsin) in pancreatic tissue. They exhibited an increase in the total protein content in the homogenates of the mucosa of the proximal, middle and distal jejunum, compared to the control, and a statistical increase in maltase activity. Compared with the control group, the rats subjected to Fx and ANT showed a decreased sucrase activity in the homogenates of the mucosa of the duodenum and of the proximal, middle and distal jejunum. In the gastrectomized rats, there was a statistically significant increase in the total protein content in the homogenates of the mucosa of the jejunum, compared to the control, while the activities of lactase and sucrase were decreased. There was a statistically significant increase in the gastrin level in all experimental groups (Fx, ANT, Gx). We suggest that surgical removal of a part of the stomach radically changes the level of hormones that determine many functions of the organism. Hormonal changes may have an impact on the pancreas and the activity of brush border enzymes. .
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BLIND CODES AND SECURITY FEATURES FOR THE BLIND AND THE PREVENTION OF FRAUD ON THE INDONESIAN RUPIAH
Authors: Hartono Tri , Cahaya Fitra Roman
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTBlind codes and security features are very important for the people with visual impairment to recognize banknotes denomination. One of the problems commonly experienced by the blind Indonesian is how to detect the nominal value and the authenticity of the banknotes. It is suspected that blind codes and security features existing on the Indonesian banknotes are less effective to help the blind detect the banknotes. That is why it is very interesting to analyze the level of effectiveness of blind codes and security features on the Indonesian banknotes, especially for the people with visual impairment. The experimental result shows that security features and blind codes are less effective for the people with visual impairment. It is assumed that the ineffectiveness will increase when the banknotes are in an outdated or crumpled condition. The authors gave treatment to respondents by giving Indonesian banknotes, which had been provided with Braille letter. Based on the experiment using Braille letter, 96% of respondents were able to detect and enumerate the nominal value of the banknotes appropriately.This ineffectiveness is feared to have an impact on the increasing circulation of counterfeit money in the community. It would be even more frightening when people become a medium of spreading counterfeit money in the community just because of the ineffectiveness of the design of banknotes and the lack of education of the blind Indonesian.
E-VILLAGE GOVERNMENT: FOR TRANSPARENT AND ACCOUNTABLE VILLAGE GOVERNANCE
Authors: Puspasari Novita
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTE-village government is a breakthrough that can be used by village to support the village governance’s transparency and accountability after the issuance of Village Law. Of the 301 villages in Banyumas, only 47 villages have village website on their own initiative. Of the 47 villages that have website, only 4 villages have informative, timely, relevant, and sufficien website which can be used as a medium for two-way communication between village government and the people. Village location that is close to the district capital and educational level of village people do not make the village more responsive in supporting the development of e-village government. Progressive and innovative village leaders are the main factors in implementing e-villagegovernment. Some villages have not implemented e-village government because they still have lack of human resources, lack of experience and lack of supervision.
A method based on multiscale base-scale entropy and random forests for roller bearings faults diagnosis
Authors: Xu Fan , Fang Yan Jun , Wu Zhou , Liang Jia Qi
Published: February 2018

A method based on multiscale base-scale entropy (MBSE) and random forests (RF) for roller bearings faults diagnosis is presented in this study. Firstly, the roller bearings vibration signals were decomposed into base-scale entropy (BSE), sample entropy (SE) and permutation entropy (PE) values by using MBSE, multiscale sample entropy (MSE) and multiscale permutation entropy (MPE) under different scales. Then the computation time of the MBSE/MSE/MPE methods were compared. Secondly, the entropy values of BSE, SE, and PE under different scales were regarded as the input of RF and SVM optimized by particle swarm ion (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) algorithms for fulfilling the fault identification, and the classification accuracy was utilized to verify the effect of the MBSE/MSE/MPE methods by using RF/PSO/GA-SVM models. Finally, the experiment result shows that the computational efficiency and classification accuracy of MBSE method are superior to MSE and MPE with RF and SVM.
Bearing failure prediction using Wigner-Ville distribution, modified Poincare mapping and fast Fourier transform
Authors: Singru Pravin , Krishnakumar Vishnuvardhan , Natarajan Dwarkesh , Raizada Ayush
Published: February 2018

This study outlines the experimental investigation methods of condition monitoring to predict bearing failures using the experimental vibration signatures. The purpose of condition monitoring is to maximize the machine availability and utility of the machine components. Bearings being one of the most common component in any rotating machinery, it is vital to study the health of the bearing and can predict bearing failure, its location and severity. This prevents machine downtime, monetary loss and unfortunate accidents. A test rig was fabricated to get the vibration signatures of bearings. Prediction of bearing failure relies on the presence of the bearing characteristic frequencies – inner race frequency, outer race frequency, ball pass frequency and fundamental train frequency – and its harmonics in the vibration signal acquired. These frequencies are present in the vibration signature due to the interaction of surfaces of different bearing components that have defects in them. Both time and frequency domain numerical signature analysis were performed on the vibration signatures acquired. Simple frequency domain method like Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), chaotic vibration method like modified Poincare mapping and time-frequency domain Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) were used in detecting bearing failure. Using the FFT analysis method, it is hard to predict the failures, hence better signal processing methods like modified Poincare mapping and WVD are used. Also, it is observed that the chaotic vibration signatures found in the lower-order mechanical systems like bearings. With the chaotic analysis methods like, Poincare Mapping and Wigner-Ville Distribution, the location and the severity of the bearing failure can be predicted.
Dispersed operating time control of a mechanical switch actuated by an ultrasonic motor
Authors: Li Xiaoniu , Yao Zhiyuan , Zhou Lifeng , Zhou Shengli
Published: February 2018

The ultrasonic motor is an uncertain time-varying nonlinear system because of the nonlinearity of the piezoelectric material, the friction and the temperature. For example, the operating time of the mechanical switch actuated by the ultrasonic motor in regular stroke is highly dispersed. Unfortunately, it is difficult to establish accurate mathematical model. In this paper, an analytical autoregressive process model (AR) is employed to identify and control the ultrasonic motor. First of all, dispersed operating time of the mechanical switch actuated by the ultrasonic motor is investigated. Then, the AR model is established to predict the operating time of the ultrasonic motor on the basis of the statistical data to reduce the nonlinear behavior of the ultrasonic motor, and to improve the accuracy and obtain a good time response of the switch. The simulation results are agreed with experimental results, confirming the effectiveness of proposed model. Furthermore, we adopt the predicted result of the AR model to control the mechanical switch actuated by the ultrasonic motor. The analytical investigation is fulfilled with two target operating time ranges, namely 12 ms and 24 ms. Comparison of the results obtained from the AR model and the experimentation reveal that the standard deviations are less than 95.3 μs and 102.7 μs with maximum errors equal to 0.41 % and 0.44 % respectively. Thereby, the proposed dispersed operating time control is performed. Findings indicate that the maximum errors for the operating time of the mechanical switch are less than 140 μs and 110 μs with ±0.85 % and ±0.42 % respectively.
Vibration model and frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric transducer in airflow-induced acoustic generator
Authors: Wang Gensheng , Cai Jianyu , Sun Jiacun , Zou Huajie , Chen Hejuan
Published: February 2018

Piezoelectric transducers, which convert airflow induced vibrational energy into electrical energy, can be applied to self-powered supply and auxiliary power supply for various aircraft electronic systems. Micro-ringtone airflow piezoelectric generator, designed by the principle of airflow induced acoustic, is one kind among them. The vibrating piezoelectric generator, is usually mounted on the aircraft during the flight. The incoming airflow produces hydrodynamic acoustic source, which is the vibration source of the piezoelectric generator, actively vibrates the piezoelectric plate to convert energy. According to the vibration theory, a one-dimensional vibration model of piezoelectric generator with fixed peripheral pressure, under hydrodynamic excitation is established. The vibration and frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric transducers are analyzed by measuring the sound pressure and the piezoelectric generator voltage. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the frequency of hydrodynamic acoustic source is slightly lower than that of piezoelectric generator’s natural frequency. Maximum output power is obtained when the inflow speed is in the range of 128 m/s-148 m/s, the corresponding hydrodynamic acoustic source frequency is 6.9 %-8.7 % lower than the natural frequency of the piezoelectric generator. Excitation force Fex and the displacements of piezoelectric plate are in same frequency. But Fex is ahead of phase angle ψ than the displacement of piezoelectric plate.
Structural state inspection using dual-tree quaternion wavelet transform
Authors: Ren Tongqun , Hui Meiling , Wang Xiaodong , Zhang Zhiyong , Liang Junsheng
Published: February 2018

The dual-tree quaternion wavelet transform (QWT) was used in conjunction with quaternion-based three-channel joint transmissibility (QTJT) for state inspection. Multiple QTJTs from the same structural state were used to construct a state matrix, which was considered as a feature image. Then QWT coefficients of the feature image were calculated. It supported one magnitude and three phases, in particular, the low-frequency magnitude-phase was set as state feature index. Ultimately, the difference of the state feature indexes were utilized as the state indicator. This method reduced the influence on state inspection caused by measurement uncertainty of single testing sample, because it took overall consideration of multiple testing samples and described the similarity from multiple directions. The availability of suggested method was demonstrated by a real experiment, in which the state changing was realized by loosening fasteners and altering the longitudinal force of rail. This method was also compared with method based on Karhunen-Loeve Transform (K-LT) and artificial neural network (ANN). Experimental result indicated that the suggested method was integrated optimal, moreover, the resolution of the longitudinal force of rail was less than 10 MPa which was equivalent to temperature change of 1.75 °C for full-lock rail.
State feedback based fractional order control scheme for linear servo cart system
Authors: Mehedi Ibrahim Mustafa
Published: February 2018

Fractional order control schemes are being actively investigated for various systems. Fractional order concept is incorporated in integral (I), proportional integral (PI), proportional derivative (PD) or proportional integral derivative (PID) controller to investigate the performance of different state variables of the system. These techniques are often used for the purpose of technology transfer but very scanty research has so far been conducted using state space approach. The current investigation is initiated to observe the effect of fractional order controller using state space approach for the system's performance while tracking the position and regulating the speed of a linear servo cart system. Integer order controller based on proportional derivative (PD) approach is also shown for comparison. Simulation responses are presented and analyzed, in this investigation. The superiority of state space approach based fractional order controller is shown in the results. The paper contains a literature review on several control techniques used to control position and speed of a servo-cart system. An over view of mathematical modeling of servo cart system and a description of a proposed fractional controller is presented in this paper. A brief description of integer order control scheme is also presented. Simulated results are compared and discussed for both fractional order controller and integer order controller at the end of this paper.
Numerical simulation and optimization for electromagnetic noises of permanent magnet synchronous motors in vehicles
Authors: Bai Gai Yan
Published: February 2018

In the paper, the numerical simulation is conducted on the motor electromagnetic force firstly. Radial force waves of the motor are the main reason for causing electromagnetic vibration and noise. Then, electromagnetic forces are mapped into a structural model for computing electromagnetic vibration. Computational results are compared with experimental results, so the correctness of the computational model is verified. Then, electromagnetic noises are computed according to the vibration data of the motor. Electromagnetic noises of the motor are axis-symmetric in plane X and plane Z. In plane Y, the electromagnetic noise of the motor is skew-symmetric relative to a 45° angle. In plane X and plane Z, the noise is caused by the vibration of the end cap, while noise in plane Y is caused by electromagnetic radial forces. In addition, the motor electromagnetic noise has an obvious directivity. The motor also has obvious peak noises at 300 Hz, 400 Hz, 500 Hz, 600 Hz, 900 Hz, 1200 Hz, 1500 Hz and 1800 Hz. Peak noises are corresponding to 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 18th, 24, 30th and 36th orders of the motor. Finally, modal participation factors of the motor within the analyzed frequency are computed. Results showed that modals at the 3rd, 5th, 12th and 15th orders of the motor have most obvious impacts on electromagnetic noises. In particular, the 3rd order modal shape obviously affects electromagnetic noises. The electromagnetic noise is reduced by applying reinforced bars and damping layer to these key modal shapes, especially the peak noise. The total noise of the original structure is 58 dB, while the total noise of the improved structure is 52.3 dB. Obviously, the total noise is reduced by 9.8 %.
Damped vibrations of the Γ type frame with open cracks
Authors: Bold Marta , Sochacki Wojciech
Published: February 2018

This paper discusses the formulation and solution for the problem of damped transverse vibrations of the Γ type frame with open cracks. Dissipation of vibration energy in the frame results from the movement constraint in the column and bolt support (constructional damping) and internal damping of viscoelastic material of the frame (rheological model by Kelvin-Voigt). Presence of a crack impacts local flexibility that has an effect on frame vibration response. The boundary problem for the above system was formulated based on the Hamilton’s principle and solved numerically for the complex eigenvalues ω*. The effect of the crack depth and its location on damped vibration was presented. The effect of both types of damping on the degree of amplitude decay was also presented.
Buffeting performance of long-span suspension bridge based on measured wind data in a mountainous region
Authors: Yang Yang , Gang Yao , Wei Fujia , Qin Weihe
Published: February 2018

Long-span suspension bridge increases rapidly in size as a result of bridge construction in a mountainous region, in addition, more and more long-span suspension bridges are in process of preparation. The bridge stiffness decreases with the increase of bridge span length, and hence the buffeting performance of bridge is sensitive to external factors. In this paper, the Cuntan Yangze Bridge located in a mountainous region is taken as the background to study the effect of different power spectrums on the buffeting performance. A three-dimensional finite element model is set up on the ANSYS platform. The fitted power spectrum of extreme strong wind is recorded and taken as the sample to analyze the buffeting performance. The results are compared with the specified power spectrum in the time and frequency domains. Different from existing studies, buffeting performances with the fitted power spectrum are larger than those with the specified power spectrum on the whole. Two kinds of power spectrum are coincidental in the overall tendency in the frequency domain and are distinct in the low frequency region. Structure performance of long-span suspension bridge in the mountainous region should be the subject of specially paid attention.