bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Axial length and anterior chamber indices in elderly population: Tehran Geriatric Eye Study
Authors:   Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran 1983963113, Iran, Hashemi Hassan , Hashemi Alireza ,   Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran 1983963113, Iran, Khabazkhoob Mehdi ,   Department of Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1968653111, Iran
Published: October 2023

AIM: To determine the normative distribution of axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and some of their associated factors in subjects aged 60 and over.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 160 clusters were sampled using multi-stage cluster sampling in Tehran, Iran. After a preliminary interview, the participants underwent optometric examinations including visual acuity and refraction measurement followed by slit lamp biomicroscopy. Finally, ocular imaging was done using the Pentacam AXL to measure AL, ACD, ACV, and ACA.
RESULTS: A total of 4519 eyes of 2436 participants were evaluated, of whom 58.0% (n=1412) were female. The mean age of the subjects was 67.32±6.05y (range: 60-95y). The mean AL, ACD, ACV, and ACA was 23.22 mm (23.18-23.27 mm), 2.61 mm (2.59-2.62 mm), 126.56 mm3 (125.08-128.04 mm3), and 30.61° (30.3°-30.92°), respectively. In the multivariable model, after adjusting for the effect of both eyes, the longest and shortest AL was seen in myopic and hyperopic subjects, respectively. AL, ACD, ACV and ACA were significantly larger in men compared to women (P<0.001). Except ACA, other evaluated parameters showed an inverse correlation with age (P<0.001), however, this correlation was insignificant for AL (P=0.623).
CONCLUSION: Normative value of AL, and other biometric parameters are specific for each ethnicity, age and sex group. Any alteration in these parameters and their effect on refraction should be considered in this age group, especially in case of cataract surgery.
Dileme sodobnega oglaševanja: Izbrane teme
Authors: Repas Martina
Published: October 2023

Osrednja tema monografije so različni vidiki oglaševanja blaga in storitev. Poleg pravil o javni rabi slovenskega jezika v oglaševanju monografija vsebuje celoviti pregled pravil o oglaševanju v obstoječi slovenski zakonodaji. Poleg splošnih so vključene tudi bolj specifične teme, kot so primerjalno oglaševanje, varstvo otrok v oglaševanju, vplivnostni marketing in uporaba pravil konkurenčnega prava v zvezi s položajem in odgovornostjo vratarjev oziroma digitalnih platform v oglaševanju. Obravnavane so nekatere nove oblike oglaševanja, kot je ciljano politično oglaševanje, ki zajema prikazovanje prilagojenih oglasov o političnih kandidatih in pravno regulacijo tega na ravni EU, ter varstvo osebnih podatkov v oglaševanju. Ostali prispevki se nanašajo na različna področja in vključujejo oglaševanje in trženje z vonjavami s prikazom in analizo pomembnejših sodnih primerov, položaj platformnih delavcev v dejavnosti oglaševanja in njihov dostop do kolektivnega dogovarjanja ter problematiko v zvezi s prihodki od oglaševanja v povezavi s pravico do zasebnosti uporabnikov.
Vloga in pomen zagotavljanja pravice do zasebnosti pri uporabljanju pametnih telefonov: primer Appla
Authors: Romih Dejan , Baruca Arne
Published: October 2023

Avtorja v tem poglavju obravnavata vprašanje, ali je zagotavljanje pravice do zasebnosti uporabnikov Applovih naprav samo pretveza Appla za povečevanje njegovih prihodkov od oglaševanja. Kritiki Applu očitajo, da je leta 2021 s posodobitvijo operacijskega sistema iOS poslabšal položaj drugih ponudnikov oglaševalskih storitev na trgu. Da bi odgovorila na vprašanje, sta avtorja konec leta 2022 izvedla anketo med uporabniki iPhona, starimi 18 let in več, s pomočjo katere sta ugotovila, da večina anketirancev meni, da zagotavljanje pravice do zasebnosti uporabnikov Applovih naprav ni samo pretveza Appla za povečevanje njegovih prihodkov od oglaševanja.
Nedopustno oglaševanje v slovenski zakonodaji in praksi Oglaševalskega razsodišča
Authors: Primec Andreja , Pisnik Aleksandra
Published: October 2023

Prispevek prikazuje pravni okvir nedopustnega oglaševanja v Sloveniji ter s tem opozarja na razdrobljenost predpisov na oglaševalskem področju. Osrednjo pozornost namenja določbam Zakona o varstvu potrošnikov, medtem ko ostale zakonske vire le obrobno predstavi. Posebej izpostavlja samoregulativna pravila, zbrana v Slovenskem oglaševalskem kodeksu, ki vsebinsko dopolnjujejo splošne zakonske opredelitve nedovoljenih oblik oglaševanj. Drugi del prispevka vključuje natančno analizo kršitev Slovenskega oglaševalskega kodeksa v obdobju zadnjih petih let, kar nakazuje razvoj oglaševalske prakse, še zlasti meje med dovoljenim in prepovedanim, kar je koristno za vse deležnike oglaševalskega trga, prav tako pa prispeva tudi k boljšemu razumevanju zakonskih določb.
Primerjalno oglaševanje: ali smem reči, da sem boljši od konkurenta?
Authors: Repas Martina
Published: October 2023

Predmet prispevka je posebna vrsta oglaševanja, tj. primerjalno oglaševanje, pri katerem podjetje svoje blago ali storitve primerja z blagom ali storitvami konkurenčnega podjetja in pri tem praviloma poudarja prednosti svojega blaga ali storitev. Na ravni EU je tovrstno oglaševanje predmet popolne harmonizacije, ki ne dopušča odstopanja v nacionalnih ureditvah držav članic EU. Prispevek pojasnjuje pojem primerjalnega oglaševanja z razmejitvijo do nekaterih drugih vrst oglaševanja in okoliščine njegove dopustnosti. Primerjalno oglaševanje ni niti absolutno dopustno niti absolutno prepovedano. Zakonitost tega oglaševanja je namreč vezana na pogoje, ki omogočijo njegovo skladnost s pošteno tržno prakso. Glede na to prispevek analizira pogoje dopustnosti in jih razlaga v skladu s prakso Sodišča EU, obenem pa izpostavlja tudi sankcije za nedopustno primerjalno oglaševanje.
Features of vestibular dysfunction in patients with vestibular neuritis
Authors:   Sverzhevky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, 117152, Russia, Manaenkova E. A. , Kunel’skaya N. L. ,   Sverzhevky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, 117152, Russia
Published: October 2023

Vestibular VN (VN) is the third most common in the structure of peripheral vestibulopathies. The study of the features of damage to peripheral vestibular receptors in vestibular neuritis using instrumental research methods (video head impulse test, registration of VEMPs) allows us to develop factors associated with the preservation of persistent peripheral vestibular hypofunction after the disease. On the basis of Sverzhevky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology examined 77 patients with vestibular neuritis (age 44,2±12,3 years, of which 37 were men, the duration of the disease until the moment of treatment was 3,2 ±1,7 days). There was a higher prevalence of total VN compared to superior VN (57 and 43%, respectively). Violation of the function of otolith receptors according to the data of registration of VEMPs was recorded in 46% (n = 35) patients with VN. The dynamics of vestibular function recovery in patients with superior VN was better than in patients with total VN (73 and 45%, respectively). Damage to otolith receptors detected by the method of registration of VEMPs was associated with worse dynamics of restoration of vestibular function in patients with vestibular neuronitis (p < 0,05).
Metabolomics studies in chronic rhinosinusitis: review of clinical prospects
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Dvoryanchikov V. V. , Kokorina O. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia, Achba R. R. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia, Samoilov A. A. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia, Turieva V. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia
Published: October 2023

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common otorhinolaryngological diseases, which significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. The etiopathogenesis of CRS has not been fully studied to date, it is problematic to predict the effectiveness of the therapy and the possible period of remission. To solve such issues in modern medicine, metabolomic studies are carried out that study various low-molecular metabolites, cell components in biological material taken from a person: in a cell, tissue, fluid, exhaled air, saliva, bronchial lavage, etc. Metabolomic studies allow identifying possible disease markers and also quantifying them. As a result, a set of individual molecular parameters is compiled that form the patient’s metabolic profile. Metabolomic studies define a new level of clinical prediction in a wide range of complex human diseases, including cardiovascular, oncological diseases, asthma, diabetes, etc. Today, it is typical to use a multiomics approach that combines various molecular omics technologies (genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, lipidomics, etc.). Based on the identified quantitatively measured biomolecules, it becomes possible to compare genetic variability with complex phenotypic features. Publications on metabolomic studies in CRS are not extensive; however, they report the identified differences in various forms of rhinosinusitis. Metabolomic studies in CRS allow determining the diagnostically significant molecular markers of various forms of chronic sinusitis as well as creating a personal omics profile of the patient and providing an opportunity to control the effectiveness of the therapy. Together with complete data on the patient’s lifestyle and health status, the patient’s personal ohmic profile may be the basis of personalized medicine.
Differential diagnosis of ceruminoma of external auditory canal
Authors:   Georgievsky Medical Academy, Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, 295051, Russia, Zavalii M. A. , Kuzovkov V. E. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Filonenko T. G. ,   LLC Genesis Clinic, Simferopol, 295026, Russia, Lashko O. A. ,   Simferopol City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Simferopol, 295024, Russia, Shipitsyna T. M. ,   Georgievsky Medical Academy, Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, 295051, Russia
Published: October 2023

In modern otorhinolaryngology, the problem of tumor diseases of the outer ear is relevant due to their diversity and insufficient knowledge. The aim of the work is to reveal the problem of differential diagnosis of ceruminoma of the external auditory canal, which causes difficulties due to the low frequency of occurrence and the absence of pathognomonic symptoms. Ceruminoma is a benign, slowly growing tumor of the sulfur glands. The article presents a clinical analysis of the case of a patient with ceruminoma. Diagnosis and choice of surgical treatment technique required certain efforts and the need for differential diagnosis. According to the result of CT scan of the temporal bones and brain with contrast, the doctor of radiation diagnostics suspected a glomus tumor of the left external auditory canal. Given the atypical localization and clinical picture, an additional MRI with intravenous contrast was performed. As a result of the differential diagnostic search, a clinical diagnosis was established: a benign neoplasm of the external auditory canal on the left, presumably ceruminous adenoma. The patient underwent successful surgical treatment. The result of the pathological and histological examination allowed us to confirm the diagnosis. Thus, ceruminoma is a rare neoplasm of the external auditory canal. The absence of specific clinical manifestations, complaints in the initial stages makes early diagnosis difficult. To make a diagnosis, the degree of germination and to determine the tactics of surgical treatment, it is necessary to conduct radiation diagnostics: CT and MRI of the temporal bones with an adequate interpretation of the results. An analysis of the results of morphological methods for examining the surgical material allows both verifying neoplasms and determining the prospects for a long-term postoperative period.
Kryzys finansowy XXI wieku jako kryzys zaufania do instytucji gospodarczych i politycznych
Authors: Wieloch Justyna
Published: October 2023

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono przyczyny kryzysu gospodarczego z pierwszej dekady XXI wieku. W opracowaniu podjęto próbę identyfikacji źródeł załamania gospodarki światowej w kontekście działalności instytucji politycznych i gospodarczych. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwala wskazać, w jakim stopniu organizacje opierające swoją działalność na zaufaniu społecznym przyczyniły się do powstania kryzysu, jakie błędy popełniły, a także – jakie motywy nimi kierowały.
Droga do unii bankowej – reformy systemu regulacji sektora bankowego
Authors: Zieińska Klaudia
Published: October 2023

Reforma systemu nadzoru finansowego jest wskazywana jako działanie konieczne do uczynienia strefy euro i – szerzej – Unii Europejskiej mniej podatnymi na kryzysy finansowe i gospodarcze. Wielu ekonomistów jest zdania, że ostatecznym celem takich przedsięwzięć powinno być utworzenie unii bankowej. W artykule przeprowadzono analizę tej koncepcji. W szczególności poddano ocenie rozwiązania ukierunkowane na sterowanie płynnością sektora bankowego.
An Integration of Self-Conscious Emotion into Public Service Announcement: The Effect of Framing Messages Based on Guilt and Shame-Inducing Strategies on the Intention of Behavior Change
Authors: TEMEL Ahmet
Published: October 2023

PSAs (Public service announcements) about social issues have become important tools of persuasion that aimed to direct the public regarding attention to those problems that intended to bring attitude and behavior change. Prevailing studies indicated that message framing that links to a different type of emotional experiences has played different roles in changing the perception of individuals.Specifically, fear appeal-inducing techniques and their effectiveness were the main focus of scientific studies in the area. However, a new line of research indicated that, besides fear, other types of emotions might be important for effective message framing that can bring changes through some forms of persuasion. Following this new development, in this paper, it was proposed that the way the message is framed (either behavior-focused or self-focused) elicits different self-conscious emotions (i.e., guilt and shame) that will differently affect intention for behavior change. The core assumption of the proposed model is that messages framed based on guilt-inducing strategies may lead to intention for behavior change due to the absence of suppression, while messages framed on shame-inducing techniques suppress behavioral change due to the activation of suppression. In line with his, an alternative model was proposed which posits that the potential effectiveness of framing messages based on guilt and shame-inducing techniques varies with respect to a cultural orientation that persists in a given society. In the course of enhancing the proposed model, the paper attempts to draw some examples of message framing based on guilt and shame-inducing and concludes with limitation inherent in the current model.
Natal Dispersal of Eastern Imperial Eagles: Preliminary Results For the Central European Population
Authors:   BirdLife Austria, Schmidt M. , Árvay M. ,   MME / BirdLife Hungary, Chavko J. ,   Raptor Protection Slovakia, Veselovsky T. ,   Raptor Protection Slovakia, Horal D. ,   Czech Society for Ornithology, Raab R. ,   Technisches Büro für Biologie Rainer Raab, Ružić M. ,   Bird Protection and Study Society of Serbia, Wendelin B. ,   BirdLife Austria, Horváth M. ,   MME / BirdLife Hungary
Published: October 2023

The Central European Population of the Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) is located on its most western global distribution edge. After a strong decline in the last two centuries, the population recovered in the past decades not least due to extensive protection measurements. Conservation and scientific programs on international and national level were implemented in several countries, especially in Hungary, Slovakia, Austria, Czech Republic, and Serbia. In frame of these activities imperial eagle were tagged by satellite transmitter since 2003 in several projects by different organisations of the region. In the current presentation we show preliminary results of an analysis of the natal dispersal movements of the immature birds of this residential population of Eastern Imperial Eagles. Therefore, more than 14 million data points of more than 130 individuals were available and analysed. We defined start of natal dispersal as the point when the young birds left their natal territory (5 km from natal nest) for at least 10 consecutive days. Because of high individual variability, we decided to classify the end of dispersal manually as the time the bird became territorial for the first time. We analysed movement pattern for the whole period of natal dispersal as well as for different life stages/age classes. Therefore we distinguished between breeding (1.2–30.9) and non-breeding season (1.10–30.2) for each year of life of the birds. It turns out that daily travel ranges are higher during the breeding season than outside the breeding season and that activity decreases over the years until the birds start establishing a territory. Furthermore, we estimate utilization distribution (UD) by calculating a dynamic Brownian Bridge Movement Model (dBBMM). Therefor in a first step, a dBBMM was calculated for each single individual. Those individual UDs were summarised up by using days of tracking as weight. The resulting UD gives an overview of distribution and space use of immature Eastern Imperial Eagles. It shows that while wide explorative flights of single birds occur, the majority of the birds stays mainly in Central Europe within the range of the breeding distribution of the population. Additional, there is a connection to the western parts of Greece and the island of Crete. The results help to enhance knowledge about habitat use and identify hotspots for further conservation efforts.
Movement patterns of juvenile and immature eastern imperial eagles from Bulgaria
Authors:   Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds / BirdLife Bulgaria, Stoychev S.A. , Demerdzhiev D.A. ,   Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds / BirdLife Bulgaria, Dobrev D.D. ,   Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds / BirdLife Bulgaria, Spasov S.D. ,   Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds / BirdLife Bulgaria, Arkumarev V. ,   Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds / BirdLife Bulgaria, Stamenov V. ,   Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds / BirdLife Bulgaria, Terziev N.G. ,   Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds / BirdLife Bulgaria, Meyburg B.-U. ,   Bernd Meyburg Foundation for Raptor Research and Conservation, Popgeorgiev G.S. ,   Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds / BirdLife Bulgaria
Published: October 2023

Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) populations in Central Europe and Balkans are non-migratory while most of those in the eastern part of the range are migratory. However, the juveniles from the non-migratory populations disperse over a large area. We studied the movement pattern of juvenile and immature Eastern Imperial Eagle from Southeast of Bulgaria using satellite telemetry. In total, 23 juvenile Eastern Imperial Eagles have been fitted with Argos/GPS transmitters in their nests in Bulgaria in 2008–2013 and seven eagles were tagged with GPS/GSM transmitters in 2021–2022. Dispersal distance varies significantly as some birds reached Israel, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and Africa while others wintered on the Balkan Peninsula and in Turkey. Majority of the birds spent their first winter outside Europe in Anatolia, Middle East, and Africa while three birds wintered in the Southeastern Balkans and one in the island of Crete. In the spring all eagles moved from the wintering areas to Bulgaria, close to their natal areas. Long distance nomadic movements northward during the spring and summer to Central Europe, Ukraine, Belarus and northernmost to Latvia and Russia have been recorded as well. The results indicate that international collaboration should be part of the conservation strategies for the Bulgarian Eastern Imperial Eagle population with Turkey as a key country for conservation interventions.
On the Natal Philopatry of the Eastern Imperial Eagle of the Volga Population
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, the Sengileevsky Mountains National Park, Korepov M.V.
Published: October 2023

Population structure across the range of the Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) remains one of the controversial issues that can be resolved by data on the distribution of juveniles from different points in the range. However, the long period of puberty, the difficulty of establishing a new breeding territory in conditions of limited food resources and nesting habitats, the high mortality of juveniles and the short lifespan of tracking devices make this task very difficult. In this respect, any reliable data on the natal philopatry of the Imperial Eagle is of great interest. We have been tagging eagles in the Ulyanovsk Region since 2017. During this time, 30 juvenile Imperial Eagles were fitted with Aquila GPS/GSM trackers. During subsequent tracking of the tagged individuals, two nesting attempts were recorded. The first nesting attempt was observed with the female eagle Avralka, which was tagged as a nestling in 2017 in the Melekessky district. In the spring of 2021, Avralka stayed near the renovated nest until early May, but did not breed that season and the connection with the bird was lost after that. Avralka's nest was also located in the Melekessky district, only 12 km from her parents' nest. This breeding territory was previously unknown to us. In 2023, the male eagle Sura, tagged as a nestling in 2018 in the steppe valley of the middle reaches of the Sura River in the Karsunsky district, began nesting. On 25 May 2023 we visited its permanent site this spring and found an occupied nest with a clutch of one egg. When we visited the nest again on 14 June, we did not find a hatchling, apparently it had died in the early stages of development due to malnutrition. Sura's nesting site is located in the Dubensky district of the Republic of Mordovia, 23 km from the nesting site of its parents. Thus, in both cases, adult birds attempted to nest in the area where they were born, even though juveniles migrate quite widely during their first few years of life. This fact, despite the small sample size, suggests a rather strong natal philopatry, at least for some individuals of the Imperial Eagle, both males and females. The research was conducted as part of the “Study and Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle” project carried out by the Non-Governmental Nature Conservation Centre “KAVKAZ” (NABU-Kavkaz) in cooperation with the Russian Bird Conservation Union (RBCU) and the German Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU), with support from the NABU International Foundation and the VGP Foundation.
Electrocution of Eagles in Mongolia
Authors:   Mohamed Bin Zayed Raptor Conservation Fund, Dixon A. , Batbayar N. ,   Wildlife Science and Conservation Center, Bold B. ,   Wildlife Science and Conservation Center, Purev-Ochir G. ,   Mongolian Bird Conservation Center, Gunga A. ,   Mongolian Bird Conservation Center, Virani M. ,   Mohamed Bin Zayed Raptor Conservation Fund
Published: October 2023

Steppe Eagles (Aquila nipalensis) and Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) are species of conservation and cultural importance in Mongolia. Electrocution at electricity distribution lines is a threat faced by both species across Central Asia. We present the results of power line surveys conducted in the Mongolian steppe region to elucidate temporal patterns of electrocution and specific danger points on power poles for eagles. There was spatial and temporal variation in electrocution rates for Steppe Eagles and Golden Eagles. Autumn surveys across Mongolia recorded the electrocuted carcasses of 18 Steppe Eagles and 9 Golden Eagles. The distribution of electrocutions revealed that Steppe Eagles are mainly killed at power lines in the central steppe zone; in contrast, only Golden Eagles were found at power lines in the southern ‘gobi’ desert zone. Daily surveys conducted for a year at a single power line in the eastern steppe detected 8 Golden Eagles and 6 Steppe Eagles. All Steppe Eagle electrocutions occurred between April and September as they are predominantly summer visitors in Mongolia, whereas six of the eight Golden Eagle electrocutions occurred in winter indicating that Golden Eagles can range over predominantly flat, open steppe landscapes at this time. Significantly more electrocutions occurred at poles with no crossarm mitigation compared to poles with deflectors, deterrents or covers, indicating that mitigation on the crossarm can reduce eagle electrocution rates. Furthermore, the absence of eagle carcasses at poles with crossarm mitigation suggests that crossarms are the main site of electrocution for eagles in Mongolia. Country-scale retrofitting of insulation to crossarms and pole tops significantly reduced eagle electrocution events.
Introduction to a lecture series on wind-wildlife interactions
Authors:   U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Shaffer J.A. , Katzner T.E. ,   U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Published: October 2023

The development of wind power as a renewable source of energy is rapidly growing globally and in Kazakhstan. However, wind facilities sometimes have negative environmental effects on wildlife. As wind energy expands in Kazakhstan, there is growing interest among a number of organizations and agencies to understand and mitigate the potential effects on biodiversity. This introductory lecture launches a series designed to review background information, concepts, and techniques that reflect the state of the art in the science, mitigation, and policy regarding windwildlife interactions within the USA. We will first discuss why it matters that we think about wildlife when we are developing wind energy by examining how wind facilities affect wildlife. This discussion will focus on effects on individuals (fatalities), effects on populations, and effects on habitat. Subsequently, we will briefly summarize key topics to be detailed in subsequent presentations. These include (1) pre-construction surveys for birds and (2) for bats, (3) post-construction surveys for all taxa, (4) estimating detection rates, (5) mitigation approaches, (6) regulatory and policy considerations, and (7) best management practices to ameliorate negative wind-wildlife interactions. Some presentations will be entirely lecture, whereas other lectures will be designed to train participants in use of specific tools to collect and interpret data on wind-wildlife issues. As the wind industry expands, interactions between wind facilities and wildlife will increase and so will the opportunities to learn from past limitations to improve science and management approaches. We hope this lecture series will help practitioners in central Asia to build the conceptual and practical toolkit they need to address this important issue.
On the Fact of Discovery and Seizure of Steppe Eagle Nestlings at Customs in Saratov Region, Russia
Authors:   National Park “Khvalynsky”, Suleymanova G.F.
Published: October 2023

Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) is a rare bird inhabiting wide open areas. The species listed in the Red Book of the Saratov region as small-numbered, depressed category with a slow population decline. The species is included in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (Bragin, Belik, 2021), Appendix 2 of CITES, Appendix 2 of the Berne Convention, Appendix 2 of the Bonn Convention. Currently, Steppe Eagle is encountered in the southeastern part of the Saratov region, in the Saratov Transvolga. Previously, scientists noted that the northwestern border of the species’ range is gradually moving towards Kazakhstan (Galushin, 2001). Three Steppe Eagle nestlings were seized at border control in Urban-type settlement Ozinki in the Saratov region, on the Russian border with Kazakhstan. The species of seized nestlings was determined after consultation with the staff of the Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the RAS (Saratov). Institute staff recommended to transfer nestlings to the Khvalynsky National Park, and border service employees in the Saratov region delivered nestlings there on June 1, 2023. During an external examination, veterinarian determined that nestlings’ appearance was satisfactory, they could not fly, had moderate appetite, were weakened and needed veterinary care. Nestlings’ age estimated at the first month, sexes were not determined. During June 1–22, 2023, nestlings were fed and rehabilitated under the supervision of employees of the Teremok aviary farm of the Khvalynsky National Park. Fresh beef and water four times a day constituted their diet. Their bodies grew, and nestlings developed contour feathers (Fig. 1). However, on July 22, 2023, one nestling died and was removed from the enclosure to avoid the spread of infection to living nestlings. After an examination by an ornithologist, it was decided to send the biomaterial of the deceased nestling to the Federal State-Financed Institution “All-Russian Research Institute for Animal Protection” (Saratov branch) to clarify the cause of death. The autopsy report No. Sar23.P-1984 dated 07.07.2023 and bacteriological examination indicate that nestling died from acute heart failure (aerosacculitis, pericarditis) due to colibacillosis. The causative agent of colibacillosis, E. coli, was isolated from the nestling’s body. The above indicates the vulnerability of Steppe Eagle nestlings at the age of one month. It is necessary to develop standards for keeping these birds in captivity in the future. In nature, particularly strict rules and protective measures should be introduced in pre-nesting and nesting periods of eagles’ development. Employees of ecological education should teach local residents and students about the importance of preserving biodiversity and specifically about Steppe Eagle conservation.
From the workshop of Touareg silversmith Hamid Kumama in Agadez (Niger)
Authors: Furger Alex
Published: October 2023

The essay documents and comments on the production of an "Iférouane cross" (silver pendant) using the lost wax process ("cire perdu"). The focus is on the Touareg silversmith Hamid Kumama working in his simple workshop in Agadez in 1973. The original workshop equipment, the simple tools, the traditional typical Touareg jewellery can hardly be found in the Sahel region today – machines and modern trends and designs have partly made the old techniques disappear.
Prevalence of bruxism among college students
Authors: Alencar Layla Beatriz Barroso de , Silva Ismael Lima , Sousa Samara Crislâny Araújo de , Araújo Vitória Freitas de , Oliveira William Harvey Machado de Sousa Lacerda , Moura Cristiano
Published: October 2023

Evaluate the prevalence of bruxism and to analyze what are the possible associated factors with this condition in students of a Brazilian university. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 230 students randomly selected among undergraduate courses at a university center. The dependent variable was the presence of awake bruxism and sleep bruxism. The independent variables were sociodemographic factors, smoking, alcohol consumption, oral habits and stress perception (Perceived Stress Scale- PSS 14). Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were used. Results: The prevalence of awake bruxism was 28.7% and was associated with the independent variables: course (degree program), gum chewing habits, chin hand placing, facedown sleeping and one-side biting. Sleep bruxism had a 7.0% prevalence and displayed association with gum chewing, pens/pencils/objects biting, tongue/lips/cheeks biting, nails biting and one-side biting. Perceived stress was not associated with either type of bruxism. Conclusion: Bruxism has an important prevalence among university students, especially when distinguishing between awake bruxism and sleep bruxism.
Labeling of ready-to-eat minimally processed vegetables sold in Brazil
Authors: Finger Jéssica de Aragão Freire Ferreira , Costa Daniela Amaral , Alves Virgínia Farias , Baroni Wilma Stella Giffoni Vieira , Malheiros Patrícia da Silva , Alves Enrique Anastácio , Maffei Daniele Fernanda , Pinto Uelinton Manoel
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Ready-to-eat minimally processed vegetables (RTE-MPV) are vegetables subjected to several steps that modify their natural structure, while maintaining the same freshness and nutritional quality as the fresh produce. Since these products are sold in packages, they must be labeled, even though nutritional labeling is optional. Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the labeling aspects of several brands of RTE-MPV sold in Brazil, determining whether manufacturers adhered to the different types of food labeling legislation. Method: Photographic records of RTE-MPV packages were obtained in different regions of Brazil between October 2020 and August 2021, and labels were analyzed using a checklist that was prepared according to the different types of Brazilian food labeling legislation in force at the time of the study: RDC nº 259/2002, RDC nº 359/2003, RDC nº 360/2003 and Law nº 10,674/2003. Results: The labels of 288 RTE-MPV packages, belonging to 39 brands, were analyzed. Among these, 31 brands showed at least one aspect that was not in accordance with the legislation, such as the lack of information about place of origin, and the presence or absence of gluten. Although optional, most brands (38) adopted nutritional labeling, but the information was incomplete in ten of them. Conclusion: These data indicate that there are flaws in the labeling of RTE-MPV in Brazil, emphasizing the need for manufacturers to comply with the legislation. Moreover, the optional adoption of nutritional labeling by most brands is significantly important for consumers to have additional information about what they consume.
Nursing Care For Families With A Deficit Of Hypertension-Related Knowledge At The Surabaya Health Centers Working Area : A Case Study
Authors: Ardhiyeni Hesti Oktavia  , Joni Haryanto  , Ferry Efendi
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Hypertension is the main cause of death worldwide, this condition continues to increase from year to year related to cardiovascular and kidney disease. The purpose of this case study is to explain how nursing care is given to families with knowledge deficits about hypertension at the Surabaya Health Center.
Methods: This case study uses a single case study design with a sample of families with knowledge deficits in hypertension. Data were collected by primary methods, namely interviews with families and secondary methods, namely conducting physical assessments. The intervention carried out was health education in accordance with the Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standards which was carried out for 7 days.
Results: After the family was given hypertension health education interventions and hypertension exercises, the family experienced an increase in knowledge related to hypertension with a pre-test score of 2 to a post-test score of 10. The family was able to control their diet and was committed to having their health checked regularly, and the family was able to carry out activities. physical exercise with hypertension independently at home.
Conclusion: The results of the evaluation are that there is an increase in the level of knowledge in the family and able to carry out healthy lifestyle management by controlling diet, doing hypertension exercises independently at home and committed to carrying out regular health checks. It is expected that health workers will socialize and train the skills of implementing hypertension gymnastics so that they can carry out the management of patients who experience hypertension by means of non-pharmacological management to control blood pressure in hypertensive patients
Heads of Neighborhood and Citizen Performance Evaluation on Domestic Violence Allegations in Disabled Children
Authors: Rohaeni Nani , Fasmadhy Satiadharmanto Deddi , Nugroho Riant
Published: October 2023

Rukun Tetangga (RT) and Rukun Warga (RW) which functions to serve residents at the policy of the Village or Sub-District Government based on the Presidential Decree of the Republic of Indonesia No. 49 of 2001 concerning Structuring Village Community Resilience Institutions or Rukun Tetangga. This policy is to assist the Village/ Kelurahan in providing services and population administration directly to residents. The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the duties of the Head of RT/RW in the Campago Guguk Bulek Village, Mandiangin Koto Selayan, Bukittinggi, related to social problems of residents (children with disabilities and their families), which were pushed to the court to become a criminal matter. This research uses qualitative and descriptive methods. The results showed that the Head of RT/RW in the Campago Guguk Bulek Village, Mandiangin Koto Selayan, Bukittinggi provided assistance to two children with disabilities who were suspected of having experienced domestic violence (KDRT) by their grandmother and aunt, but not according to existing regulations. namely the Bukittinggi City Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2016 concerning Community Institutions in the Village
Keywords: policy, neighborhood association, deliberation, evaluation, public service
Thermal ablation of metastatic disease to the musculoskeletal system
Authors: Xia Erwin , Huang Ambrose J.
Published: October 2023

A variety of indications have been published regarding the use of percutaneous thermal ablation for treating tumors of the musculoskeletal system, including bone and soft tissue lesions, benign and malignant lesions, and primary and metastatic tumors. In the appropriately selected patient, the advantages of percutaneous thermal ablation include decreased morbidity, decreased cost, and shorter hospitalization stays compared to surgery. The number of different thermal ablation modalities is increasing, and each modality has its advantages and disadvantages. Studies directly comparing the effectiveness of the various thermal ablation modalities are sparse, however, so the choice of ablation modality often depends on availability, user preference, and local expertise. Although the list of uses for percutaneous thermal ablation is ever-expanding, in this article, we will discuss the two most well-established indications, which are palliation of pain attributed to bone and soft tissue metastases and local control of oligometastatic disease. Numerous clinical trials have shown percutaneous thermal ablation to be an effective method of palliating pain due to bone and soft tissue metastases and of achieving local control in the setting of oligometastatic disease with low rates of complication.
Efektivitas Fungsi Pengawasan Bagi Majelis Pengawas Daerah terhadap Keterlambatan Pelaporan Notaris Terkait dengan Hak Wasiat
Authors: Rizadi Nadila
Published: October 2023

The research raises the issue of how effective the supervisory function of the Regional Supervisory Council is regarding delays in reporting the deed of will by Notaries. Thus, the aim of this research is to evaluate how effective the supervisory duties carried out by the Regional Supervisory Council are regarding delays in reporting will deeds by Notaries to the Directorate General of General Legal Administration. In this research, the type referred to is empirical legal research. Empirical legal research uses empirical facts from human behavior, both verbal from interviews and direct observation. Research Results The monitoring mechanism carried out on the implementation of the duties and responsibilities of Notaries, including those who report that testamentary rights are delayed, is both preventive and repressive. If negligence is found in the actions carried out by the Notary, the Pekanbaru City Regional Supervisory Council will take measures within the applicable laws and regulations and not exceed the authority that has been regulated or given. In carrying out their duties, the inhibiting factors that have been explained, this is not in line with the theory of effectiveness where one of the supporters of something can run well according to expectations if the facilities and infrastructure are fulfilled properly, then the law will be effective in its implementation and achieve the desired goals
Effect of Laser Irradiation to Surfaces of CAD/CAM Resin Blocks Coated with Silane Coupling Agent on Bond Strengths between the Resin Blocks and Composite Resin
Authors: Ohno Hiroshi , Suzuki Masaya , Shinkai Koichi
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of laser irradiation to computer-aided de-sign/computer-aided fabrication (CAD/CAM) resin blocks coated with a silane coupling agent on the bond strength between the resin blocks and composite resin. The CAD/CAM resin blocks used in this study were Cerasmart 300 (GC) and Vita Enamic (Vita); they were cut into plates and then subjected to a series of treatments. After processing with a silane coupling agent, treatment with a semiconductor laser was performed at 3.0, 5.0, and 7.0 W, followed by the bonding procedures. The control group included those exposed to silane and bonded without laser application. After bonding, a mold with a simulated cavity was formed on the specimen and filled with flowable composite resin, and they were stored for 24 h or stressed by thermal cycling for subsequent testing that assessed the shear bond strength (n = 10). The results revealed that the bond strength was significantly enhanced by laser irradiation after applying a silane coupling agent, whereas significant effect was not detected between the materials. Particularly, 7 W laser irradiation had a significant effect on the bond strength between the composite resin and Cerasmart block after thermal cycling.
Utilizing Enhanced Bathymetry for BTM Complex Reef Geomorphology Detection
Authors: Lioupa Vasiliki , Karsiotis Panagiotis , Hasiotis Thomas , Andreadis Olympos
Published: October 2023

Multibeam echo-sounders provide ideal data for semi-automated seabed feature extraction and accurate morphometric measurements. However, these methods have not been tested in morphologically highly complex environments. In this study, bathymetric and raw backscatter data were initially used to manually map the complex reef morphology found in the semi-enclosed Gera Gulf, in the northern Aegean Sea (Greece). A large number of reefs (more than 7000) were detected, making manual mapping extremely time-consuming. Benthic Terrain Modeller (BTM) was selected as a semi-automated method to map the reefs. The BTM did not function properly in this irregular relief and the results were discouraging. Trying to improve the BTM functionality, both bathymetry and slope were modified (enhanced); this time, the BTM outcome was unexpectedly improved, producing accurate results that appeared to exceed the accuracy of manual mapping. To compare the final maps with the distribution of the reefs, mapcurves were created to estimate the Goodness-of-Fit (GOF), while Precision, Recall, and F1 Score were also calculated. GOF values suggest more than 50% overlap between the resulting polygons while, Precision, Recall and F1 score resulted in values higher than 0.78 suggesting good detection accuracy for the semi-automated method. It becomes apparent that BTM provided more efficient results in comparison to the time-consuming manual mapping. This study asserts that semi-automated mapping stands as an effective method for delineating the geomorphometry of intricate relief and serves as a powerful tool for habitat mapping and decision-making.
Mandatory Necessity Theory: Elements and Facts Influenced by Space
Authors: Cardoso Carlos Eduardo Ramos
Published: October 2023

Theory says that the first things to exist in the universe and the current moment were driven by compelling necessity; that is, physical spaces influence the existence of elements and facts based on the numerous observations in physical spaces in relation to elements and facts.The existence of obligatory elements in the space is motivated by the characteristics of the spaces that offer conditions for such obligation. The theory states that the universe did not come about by chance; that is, the universe came about by determination influenced by what surrounds it. The purpose of the study is to help explain the elements and facts of the universe from the origin to the present.
Traffic Circle – an Example of Sustainable Home Zone Design
Authors: Majer Stanisław , Sołowczuk Alicja
Published: October 2023

Quite a number of new metered parking systems have been introduced in recent years by the local authorities of various spa towns in Poland in connection with home zone conversion projects. The traffic signs posted in these locations were limited to the beginning and end of the demarcated parking area. Traffic circle (TC) is an example of traffic calming measures (TCM) used in home zones to slow down the traffic (case study – home zone in a small spa village). This article presents the results of a study investigating the speed reductions obtained with a home zone and traffic circle used as traffic calming measures. The indispensable speed surveys were carried out in relation to this study in two periods: in summer when the streets are crowded with tourists and in September with little pedestrian traffic. Two research hypotheses were formulated as part of the speed data analysis to verify the slowing effect of traffic circle and the relevance of traffic circles design parameters and location, road function and the surrounding streetscape. For each hypothesis statistical analyses were carried out using two nonparametric tests: two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and median test. The third research hypothesis formulated in this study was related to sustainable development factors related to fuel consumption and traffic-related air pollution including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and hydrocarbons. This hypothesis was verified by estimating the amount of air pollution in the home zone under analysis in three different situations (scenarios): in summer with the travel speed reduced by pedestrian traffic to ca. 8–10 km/h and in September with a small number of pedestrians and 20–25 km/h resulting speed between traffic circles, reduced at traffic circle, and in a theoretical 30 km/h zone with 25–30 km/h assumed speed between traffic circles, dropping at traffic circle. These analyses confirmed the appropriateness of traffic circle as a home zone traffic calming measure, as long as its design is based on a detailed analysis of the relevant factors, including location, road function and the surrounding streetscape.