bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between menstrual cycle irregularity and tinnitus: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Yu Jin-Na , Nam Ga Eun , Han Kyungdo , Kim Ji-su , Kim Yang-Hyun , Cho Kyung Hwan , Kang Gunseog , Roh Yong Kyun
Published: October 2019

This population-based cross-sectional study investigated the association between menstrual cycle irregularity and tinnitus in premenopausal Korean women. We used data from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010–2012). A total of 4633 premenopausal women were included. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. Individuals with tinnitus accounted for 21.6%. Women with tinnitus or menstrual irregularity had significantly higher rates of stress, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation than those without. The proportion of individuals with irregular menstrual cycles with duration of longer than 3 months increased as the severity of tinnitus increased (P = 0.01). After adjusting for confounding variables, the odds of tinnitus increased in individuals with irregular menstrual cycles compared to those with regular menstrual cycles. The odds ratios (ORs) of tinnitus tended to increase as the duration of menstrual irregularity became longer (1.37, 95% confidence interval: 1.06–1.78 for duration of up to 3 months; 1.71, 1.03–2.85 for duration of longer than 3 months, P for trend = 0.002). Our study found a positive association between menstrual cycle irregularity and tinnitus. Menstrual cycle irregularity may be a related factor of tinnitus in women with childbearing age.
Metabolome and microbiome profiling of a stress-sensitive rat model of gut-brain axis dysfunction
Authors: Bassett Shalome A. , Young Wayne , Fraser Karl , Dalziel Julie E. , Webster Jim , Ryan Leigh , Fitzgerald Patrick , Stanton Catherine , Dinan Timothy G. , Cryan John F. , Clarke Gerard , Hyland Niall , Roy Nicole C.
Published: October 2019

Stress negatively impacts gut and brain health. Individual differences in response to stress have been linked to genetic and environmental factors and more recently, a role for the gut microbiota in the regulation of stress-related changes has been demonstrated. However, the mechanisms by which these factors influence each other are poorly understood, and there are currently no established robust biomarkers of stress susceptibility. To determine the metabolic and microbial signatures underpinning physiological stress responses, we compared stress-sensitive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats to the normo-anxious Sprague Dawley (SD) strain. Here we report that acute stress-induced strain-specific changes in brain lipid metabolites were a prominent feature in WKY rats. The relative abundance of Lactococcus correlated with the relative proportions of many brain lipids. In contrast, plasma lipids were significantly elevated in response to stress in SD rats, but not in WKY rats. Supporting these findings, we found that the greatest difference between the SD and WKY microbiomes were the predicted relative abundance of microbial genes involved in lipid and energy metabolism. Our results provide potential insights for developing novel biomarkers of stress vulnerability, some of which appear genotype specific.
Post-transplant laronidase augmentation for children with Hurler syndrome: biochemical outcomes
Authors: Lund Troy C. , Miller Weston P. , Liao Ai Yin , Tolar Jakub , Shanley Ryan , Pasquali Marzia , Sando Nicole , Bigger Brian W. , Polgreen Lynda E. , Orchard Paul J.
Published: October 2019

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) benefits children with Hurler syndrome (MPS-IH). However, survivors remain burdened by substantial MPS-IH related residual disease. We studied the feasibility, safety and biochemical impact of augmentative recombinant intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (IV-ERT) post transplantation. Ten children with MPS-IH and ≥2 years from successful HCT underwent IV-ERT for 2 years’ duration. Patients were monitored for anti-drug antibody (ADA) development, including inhibitory capacity and changes in urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans (uGAG). Three patients demonstrated low-level ADA at baseline, though all children tolerated IV-ERT well. Eight patients developed ADA over the 2-year study, with 3 (38%) meeting criteria for an inhibitory ADA response. The aggregate cohort experienced a reduction in uGAG from baseline to study end, which was enhanced in children with low or no ADA response. Conversely, children with inhibitory ADA showed increase in uGAG over time. IV-ERT in previously transplanted children with MPS-IH appears safe and can reduce uGAG, although this is reversed by the presence of inhibitory ADA. These data show a biochemical change after initiation of post-HCT IV-ERT, but the occurrence of ADA and inhibitory antibodies are a concern and should be monitored in future efficacy trials. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01173016, 07/30/2010.
Neurophenomenology of near-death experience memory in hypnotic recall: a within-subject EEG study
Authors: Martial Charlotte , Mensen Armand , Charland-Verville Vanessa , Vanhaudenhuyse Audrey , Rentmeister Daniel , Bahri Mohamed Ali , Cassol Héléna , Englebert Jérôme , Gosseries Olivia , Laureys Steven , Faymonville Marie-Elisabeth
Published: October 2019

The neurobiological basis of near-death experiences (NDEs) is unknown, but a few studies attempted to investigate it by reproducing in laboratory settings phenomenological experiences that seem to closely resemble NDEs. So far, no study has induced NDE-like features via hypnotic modulation while simultaneously measuring changes in brain activity using high-density EEG. Five volunteers who previously had experienced a pleasant NDE were invited to re-experience the NDE memory and another pleasant autobiographical memory (dating to the same time period), in normal consciousness and with hypnosis. We compared the hypnosis-induced subjective experience with the one of the genuine experience memory. Continuous high-density EEG was recorded throughout. At a phenomenological level, we succeeded in recreating NDE-like features without any adverse effects. Absorption and dissociation levels were reported as higher during all hypnosis conditions as compared to normal consciousness conditions, suggesting that our hypnosis-based protocol increased the felt subjective experience in the recall of both memories. The recall of a NDE phenomenology was related to an increase of alpha activity in frontal and posterior regions. This study provides a proof-of-concept methodology for studying the phenomenon, enabling to prospectively explore the NDE-like features and associated EEG changes in controlled settings.
Next-Generation Sequencing reveals relationship between the larval microbiome and food substrate in the polyphagous Queensland fruit fly
Authors: Majumder Rajib , Sutcliffe Brodie , Taylor Phillip W. , Chapman Toni A.
Published: October 2019

Insects typically host substantial microbial communities (the ‘microbiome’) that can serve as a vital source of nutrients and also acts as a modulator of immune function. While recent studies have shown that diet is an important influence on the gut microbiome, very little is known about the dynamics underpinning microbial acquisition from natural food sources. Here, we addressed this gap by comparing the microbiome of larvae of the polyphagous fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni (‘Queensland fruit fly’) that were collected from five different fruit types (sapodilla [from two different localities], hog plum, pomegranate, green apple, and quince) from North-east to South-east Australia. Using Next-Generation Sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform, we addressed two questions: (1) what bacterial communities are available to B. tryoni larvae from different host fruit; and (2) how does the microbiome vary between B. tryoni larvae and its host fruit? The abundant bacterial taxa were similar for B. tryoni larvae from different fruit despite significant differences in the overall microbial community compositions. Our study suggests that the bacterial community structure of B. tryoni larvae is related less to the host fruit (diet) microbiome and more to vertical transfer of the microbiome during egg laying. Our findings also suggest that geographic location may play a quite limited role in structuring of larval microbiomes. This is the first study to use Next-Generation Sequencing to analyze the microbiome of B. tryoni larvae together with the host fruit, an approach that has enabled greatly increased resolution of relationships between the insect’s microbiome and that of the surrounding host tissues.
Capsid amino acids at positions 247 and 270 are involved in the virulence of betanodaviruses to European sea bass
Authors: Moreno Patricia , Souto Sandra , Leiva-Rebollo Rocio , Borrego Juan J. , Bandín Isabel , Alonso M. Carmen
Published: October 2019

European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is severely affected by nervous necrosis disease, caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV). Two out of the four genotypes of this virus (red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus, RGNNV; and striped jack nervous necrosis virus, SJNNV) have been detected in sea bass, although showing different levels of virulence to this fish species. Thus, sea bass is highly susceptible to RGNNV, whereas outbreaks caused by SJNNV have not been reported in this fish species. The role of the capsid protein (Cp) amino acids 247 and 270 in the virulence of a RGNNV isolate to sea bass has been evaluated by the generation of recombinant RGNNV viruses harbouring SJNNV-type amino acids in the above mentioned positions (Mut247Dl965, Mut270Dl965 and Mut247 + 270Dl965). Viral in vitro and in vivo replication, virus virulence and fish immune response triggered by these viruses have been analysed. Mutated viruses replicated on E-11 cells, although showing some differences compared to the wild type virus, suggesting that the mutations can affect the viral cell recognition and entry. In vivo, fish mortality caused by mutated viruses was 75% lower, and viral replication in sea bass brain was altered compared to non-mutated virus. Regarding sea bass immune response, mutated viruses triggered a lower induction of IFN I system and inflammatory response-related genes. Furthermore, mutations caused changes in viral serological properties (especially the mutation in amino acid 270), inducing higher seroconversion and changing antigen recognition.
The effect of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on the pathology of Alzheimer's disease: A positron emission tomography study in rats
Authors: Park Jae-Hyung , Hong Jeong-Ho , Lee Sang-Woo , Ji Hyun Dong , Jung Jung-Ah , Yoon Kyung-Wha , Lee Jung-In , Won Kyoung Sook , Song Bong-Il , Kim Hae Won
Published: October 2019

Cerebrovascular disease is a potential risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although acute cerebral hypoperfusion causes neuronal necrosis and infarction, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induces apoptosis in neurons, but its effects on the cognitive impairment are not clear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on AD pathology and cerebral glucose metabolism. A model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was established by ligating the common carotid arteries bilaterally in adult male rats (CAL group). Sham-operated rats underwent the same procedures without artery ligation (control group). At 12 weeks after ligation, expression levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau), as well as the regional cerebral glucose metabolism, were evaluated using Western blots and positron emission tomography with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose, respectively. The expression levels of Aβ in the frontal cortex and hippocampus and of p-tau in the temporal cortex were significantly higher in the CAL group than those in the control group. The cerebral glucose metabolism of the amygdala, entorhinal cortex, and hippocampus was significantly decreased in the CAL group compared to that in the control. These results suggest that chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can induce AD pathology and may play a significant role in AD development.
The serum amyloid A3 promoter-driven luciferase reporter mice is a valuable tool to image early renal fibrosis development and shows the therapeutic effect of glucosyl-hesperidin treatment
Authors: Kumrungsee Thanutchaporn , Kariya Taishi , Hashimoto Kotaro , Koyano Takayuki , Yazawa Nao , Hashimoto Takao , Sanada Yohei , Matsuyama Makoto , Sotomaru Yusuke , Sakurai Hiroaki , van de Loo Fons A. J. , Yanaka Noriyuki
Published: October 2019

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a progressive process affecting the kidneys, causing renal failure that can be life-threatening. Thus, renal fibrosis has become a serious concern in the ageing population; however, fibrotic development cannot be diagnosed early and assessed noninvasively in both patients and experimental animal models. Here, we found that serum amyloid A3 (Saa3) expression is a potent indicator of early renal fibrosis; we also establishedin vivoSaa3/C/EBPβ-promoter bioluminescence imaging as a sensitive and specific tool for early detection and visualization of tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Saa3 promoter activity is specifically upregulated in parallel with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and fibrotic marker collagen I in injured kidneys. C/EBPβ, upregulated in injured kidneys and expressed in tubular epithelial cells, is essential for the increased Saa3 promoter activity in response to TNF-α, suggesting that C/EBPβ plays a crucial role in renal fibrosis development. Our model successfully enabled visualization of the suppressive effects of a citrus flavonoid derivative, glucosyl-hesperidin, on inflammation and fibrosis in kidney disease, indicating that this model could be widely used in exploring therapeutic agents for fibrotic diseases.
New Type of Spectral Nonlinear Resonance Enhances Identification of Weak Signals
Authors: Lin Rongming , Ng Teng Yong , Fan Zheng
Published: October 2019

Some nonlinear systems possess innate capabilities of enhancing weak signal transmissions through a unique process called Stochastic Resonance (SR). However, existing SR mechanism suffers limited signal enhancement from inappropriate entraining signals. Here we propose a new and effective implementation, resulting in a new type of spectral resonance similar to SR but capable of achieving orders of magnitude higher signal enhancement than previously reported. By employing entraining frequency in the range of the weak signal, strong spectral resonances can be induced to facilitate nonlinear modulations and intermodulations, thereby strengthening the weak signal. The underlying physical mechanism governing the behavior of spectral resonances is examined, revealing the inherent advantages of the proposed spectral resonances over the existing implementation of SR. Wide range of parameters have been found for the optimal enhancement of any given weak signal and an analytical method is established to estimate these required parameters. A reliable algorithm is also developed for the identifications of weak signals using signal processing techniques. The present work can significantly improve existing SR performances and can have profound practical applications where SR is currently employed for its inherent technological advantages.
A catalytic reaction-based colorimetric assay of alkaline phosphatase activity based on oxidase-like MnO2 microspheres
Authors: Wang Linjie , Ye Kun , Pan Jianming , Song Hongwei , Li Xin , Niu Xiangheng
Published: October 2019

A catalytic reaction-based colorimetric assay of alkaline phosphatase activity is developed based on oxidase-like MnO2 microspheres.
Self-doped p–n junctions in two-dimensional In2X3 van der Waals materials
Authors: Peng Rui , Ma Yandong , Zhang Shuai , Huang Baibiao , Kou Liangzhi , Dai Ying
Published: October 2019

With the advent of two-dimensional materials, it is now possible to realize p–n junctions at the ultimate thickness limit.
Recent development of biomass-derived carbons and composites as electrode materials for supercapacitors
Authors: Lyu Lulu , Seong Kwang-dong , Ko Dongjin , Choi Juhyung , Lee Chaedong , Hwang Taejin , Cho Youngseul , Jin Xuanzhen , Zhang Wang , Pang Huan , Piao Yuanzhe
Published: October 2019

Due to various compositions and morphologies, exquisite intrinsic architectures, and renewability, biomass has been used to generate carbon electrodes for supercapacitors.
Photocatalyst-free decarboxylative aminoalkylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with N-aryl glycines enabled by visible light
Authors: Ji Jiu-Jian , Zhu Zhi-Qiang , Xiao Li-Jin , Guo Dong , Zhu Xiao , Tang Juan , Wu Jun , Xie Zong-Bo , Le Zhang-Gao
Published: October 2019

A novel, green and efficient visible-light-promoted decarboxylative aminoalkylation reaction of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with N-aryl glycines has been described.
Encapsulation of echinomycin in cyclodextrin inclusion complexes into liposomes: in vitro anti-proliferative and anti-invasive activity in glioblastoma
Authors: Alshaer Walhan , Zraikat Manar , Amer Amer , Nsairat Hamdi , Lafi Zainab , Alqudah Dana A. , Al Qadi Enas , Alsheleh Tasneem , Odeh Fadwa , Alkaraki Arwa , Zihlif Malek , Bustanji Yasser , Fattal Elias , Awidi Abdalla
Published: October 2019

Echinomycin, a DNA bis-intercalator peptide antibiotic, was complexed with γCD and loaded into PEGylated liposomes. The liposomes encapsulating echinomycin showed potent anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effect against U-87 MG glioblastoma cells.
Bicyclic 6 + 6 systems: the chemistry of pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidines and pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidines
Authors: Monier M. , Abdel-Latif Doaa , El-Mekabaty Ahmed , Elattar Khaled M.
Published: October 2019

The present investigation provides an overview of the chemistry of pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidines and pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidines. The synthetic methods, reactivities, and biological applications are described.
Synthesis of 3D flower-like structured Gd/TiO2@rGO nanocomposites via a hydrothermal method with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Jia Shuaiqiang , Li Jinlong , Sui Guozhe , Du Lijuan , Zhang Yulin , Zhuang Yan , Li Boxin
Published: October 2019

One-pot green synthesis of 3D flower-like structured Gd/TiO2@rGO nanocomposites via a hydrothermal method with high photocatalytic activity.
An injectable molecular hydrogel assembled by antimicrobial peptide PAF26 for antimicrobial application
Authors: Cao Fengyi , Mei Lin , Zhu Genxing , Song Meng , Zhang Xueli
Published: October 2019

A hexa-antimicrobial PAF26 peptide was investigated to form a self-assembled hydrogel. The hydrogel was injectable and had an outstanding antimicrobial ability.
Construction of a flexible covalent organic framework based on triazine units with interesting photoluminescent properties for sensitive and selective detection of picric acid
Authors: Li Yanjie , Han Yanan , Chen Minghui , Feng Yaqing , Zhang Bao
Published: October 2019

Construction of a novel two-dimensional covalent organic framework with excellent photoluminescence performance using flexible building blocks.
DNA/lysozyme binding propensity and nuclease properties of benzimidazole/2,2′-bipyridine based binuclear ternary transition metal complexes
Authors: Mansour Ahmed M. , Ragab Mona S.
Published: October 2019

The binuclear ternary transition metal complexes have the ability to bind to lysozyme and DNA as well as DNA cleavage. Complexes exhibited cytotoxicity to only the cancerous cells (HepG-2) and is safe to the non-malignant HEK-293.
A straightforward synthesis of phenyl boronic acid (PBA) containing BODIPY dyes: new functional and modular fluorescent tools for the tethering of the glycan domain of antibodies
Authors: Giacomazzo Gina Elena , Palladino Pasquale , Gellini Cristina , Salerno Gianluca , Baldoneschi Veronica , Feis Alessandro , Scarano Simona , Minunni Maria , Richichi Barbara
Published: October 2019

PBA-BODIPY dyes as functional and modular fluorescent probes for the tethering of the glycan domain of mAbs.
A pencil-and-paper method for elucidating halide double perovskite band structures
Authors: Slavney Adam H. , Connor Bridget A. , Leppert Linn , Karunadasa Hemamala I.
Published: October 2019

Explaining most known double perovskite electronic structures and predicting new ones using Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals analysis.
Solar survey at Pic du Midi: Calibrated data and improved images
Authors: Koechlin Laurent , Dettwiller Luc , Audejean Maurice , Valais Maël , López Ariste Arturo
Published: October 2019

Context. We carry out a solar survey with images of the photosphere, prominences, and corona at Pic du Midi observatory. This survey, named CLIMSO (for CLIchés Multiples du SOleil), is in the following spectral lines: Fe XIII corona (1.075 μm), Hα (656.3 nm), and He I (1.083 μm) prominences, and Hα and Ca II (393.4 nm) photosphere. All frames cover 1.3 times the diameter of the Sun with an angular resolution approaching one arcsecond. The frame rate is one per minute per channel (weather permitting) for the prominences and chromosphere, and one per hour for the Fe XIII corona. This survey started in 2007 for the disk and prominences and in 2015 for the corona. We have almost completed one solar cycle and hope to cover several more, keeping the same wavelengths or adding others.

Aims. We seek to make the CLIMSO images easier to use and more profitable for the scientific community.

Methods. At the beginning of the survey, the images that we sent to the CLIMSO database were not calibrated. We have implemented a photometric calibration for the present and future images, in order to provide “science-ready” data. The old images have been calibrated. We have also improved the contrast capabilities of our coronagraphs, which now provide images of the Fe XIII corona, in addition to previous spectral channels. We also implemented an autoguiding system based on a diffractive Fresnel array for precise positioning of the Sun behind coronagraphic masks.

Results. The data, including the images and films, are publicly available and downloadable through virtual observatories and dedicated websites (use “CLIMSO” and “IRAP” keywords to find them). For the Hα and Ca II channels we calibrate the data into physical units, independent of atmospheric or instrumental conditions; we provide solar maps of spectral radiances in W m−2 sr−1 nm−1. The instrumental improvements and calibration process are presented in this paper.
To cement or not to cement acetabular cups in total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and re-evaluation
Authors: Van Praet Frank , Mulier Michiel
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) in the treatment of primary osteoarthritis of the hip has evolved to a very safe and cost-effective intervention with revision rates below 5% after 10 years. To this day, however, controversy remains on whether or not to cement the acetabular cup.Methods: A comprehensive PubMed search of the English literature for studies published between 2007 and 2018 was performed. Studies comparing the clinical (revision rate, functionality), radiological (wear) or economic (cost) differences between cemented (cemented stem with cemented cup) and hybrid (cemented stem with uncemented cup) prostheses for primary osteoarthritis of the hip were identified as eligible.Results: A total of 1032 studies were identified whereof twelve were included for qualitative synthesis. All studies concerning the risk of revision were based on registry data, covering a total of 365,693 cups. Cemented prostheses had a similar or lower risk of revision compared to hybrid prostheses in every study, but performed slightly worse on functionality and quality of life. While cemented prostheses were the cheapest option, hybrids were the most cost-effective.Discussion: The widespread preference for cementless fixation of the acetabulum cannot be explained by a superior survival of cementless or hybrid models. Irrespective of age, cemented fixation of the acetabulum remains the gold standard to which other techniques should be compared.
What to Examine in Youth Climbing Athletes: Yearly Examination of the German Climbing Team and its Consequences
Authors: Schöffl Isabelle , Lutter Christoph , Schöffl Volker
Published: October 2019

Objective This article presents the results of the yearly medical examination performed on all our national climbing athletes in 2016 and 2017.

Methods Our yearly athlete examination follows the Olympic guidelines and those of the Medical Commission of the International Federation of Sport Climbing. It consists of echocardiography, spiroergometry, a general blood examination, body fat measurement as well as a paediatric and orthopaedic clinical examination. In addition, a yearly ultrasound examination is performed on the fingers to detect pathologies and measure the width of the growth plates. The years 2016/2017 were evaluated.

Results Team examinations were undertaken in 17 girls and 23 boys. The mean age was 17.5 years (18.3 years for the boys and 17.4 years for the girls). They had been climbing for 10.9 years on average (the boys for 11.3 and the girls for 10.3 years). Typical findings were susceptibility to infection, musculoskeletal injuries and, in one case, severe headaches. 36 % of our athletes had to take a break from climbing due to injury or illness. Most of these breaks were due to infections (7 in total), most of them minor inspiratory or gastrointestinal. One athlete suffered from severe pneumonia during a World Cup in Japan. The other pauses were due to finger injuries (2), foot injuries (2), and injuries to the shoulder and biceps (2).

Conclusion The yearly team examination plays an important role in early injury detection. It helps to establish a relationship based on trust, encouraging athletes to approach the team physician openly with questions or concerns.
The ideal technique for processing SpyBite tissue specimens: a prospective, single-blinded, pilot-study of histology and cytology techniques
Authors: Baars Judith E. , Keegan Mathew , Bonnichsen Mark H. , Aepli Patrick , Theyventhiran Ruben , Farrell Elizabeth , Kench James G. , Saxena Payal , Kaffes Arthur J.
Published: October 2019

Background and study aims Diagnostic sensitivity for indeterminate biliary lesions remains suboptimal. Cytology techniques may mitigate the impediment of small cholangioscopic specimens. Our primary aim was to compare cell block cytology (CB) with standard histology for foregut SpyBite (SB) specimens. Our secondary aim was to assess CB in biliary SB biopsies.

Patients and methods This was a two-phase prospective pilot study. In phase one, a prospective pilot study, foregut SB specimens from three sites (4 per site per patient per processing technique) were allocated to CB or histology, and assessed by a single, blinded pathologist. The gold standard comprised two standard forceps (CFB) histological specimens per site per patient. Specimen ease of processing, size and number, adequacy for diagnosis and artefact were evaluated. In phase two, CB was used for consecutive patients with indeterminate biliary lesions, and compared with phase one CB results.

Results In phase one, 240 SB foregut biopsies were performed in 10 patients, 227 specimens recorded by pathologist. Specimen origin was identified in 100 % and 97 % of histology and CB batches respectively. Specimens were significantly larger in the histology group (2.02 mm vs 1.49 mm, P < 0.05). There was a trend to less crush artifact with CB, and no difference in processing difficulty. In phase two, 11 patients (63.0 ±12.7 years, 91 % female) underwent SpyGlass (SG) assessment of suspected indeterminate stricture (n = 8) or mass (n = 3), and six underwent SB. All CB specimens were adequate for diagnosis. Specimen parameters were not significantly different from luminal CB outcomes.

Conclusions In this pilot study, cell block cytology showed similar results as histological analysis of SpyBite specimens in the analysis of biliary stricture.
Endoscopic appearance of esophageal xanthoma
Authors: Hamada Kenta , Uedo Noriya , Kubo Chiaki , Tomita Yasuhiko , Ishihara Ryu , Yamasaki Yasushi , Omori Masayasu , Arao Masamichi , Suzuki Sho , Iwatsubo Taro , Kato Minoru , Tonai Yusuke , Shichijo Satoki , Matsuura Noriko , Nakahira Hiroko , Kanesaka Takashi , Yamamoto Sachiko , Akasaka Tomofumi , Hanaoka Noboru , Takeuchi Yoji , Higashino Koji , Okada Hiroyuki , Iishi Hiroyasu
Published: October 2019

Background and study aims Esophageal xanthomas are considered to be rare, and their endoscopic diagnosis has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to determine the characteristics of the endoscopic appearance of esophageal xanthomas.

Patients and methods This was a retrospective study of consecutive patients with histologically diagnosed esophageal xanthomas at a referral cancer center in Japan. The endoscopic appearance, by magnifying or image-enhanced endoscopy, and histological findings of esophageal xanthomas were investigated.

Results Seven patients (six men and one woman) were enrolled. All of the patients had a solitary lesion, and the median size was 2 mm (range, 1 – 5 mm). Conventional white-light endoscopy showed the lesions as flat areas with yellowish spots in four cases and slightly elevated yellowish lesions in three cases. Magnifying endoscopy, performed in six patients, revealed the lesions as areas with aggregated minute yellowish spots with tortuous microvessels inside. Magnifying narrow-band imaging contrasted the yellowish spots and microvessels better than white-light endoscopy. In all lesions, histological examination showed that the yellowish spots corresponded to papillae filled with foam cells. The foam cells were strongly immunopositive for CD68, and in all lesions, CD34-positive intrapapillary capillaries surrounded the aggregated foam cells. The different morphologies of the flat and slightly elevated lesions corresponded to different densities of papillae filled with foam cells.

Conclusions Magnifying endoscopy revealed minute yellowish spots with tortuous microvessels inside. These correspond well with histological findings and so may be useful in the diagnosis of esophageal xanthomas.
Divergent Synthesis of Various 2-Aryl Iminocyclitols from (R)-p-Hydroxyphenylglycine
Authors: Jain Vipin Kumar
Published: October 2019

A concise and efficient synthesis of various 2-aryl iminocyclitols is reported from (R)-p-hydroxyphenylglycine using Upjohn dihydroxylation and base-promoted intramolecular cyclization. These 2-aryl iminocyclitols are the important structural framework of various bioactive compounds and also known as glycosidase inhibitors.
Ossicular Integrity in Chronic Otitis Media (Mucosal Type): A Surgical Review
Authors: Mohanty Sanjeev
Published: October 2019

Ossicular discontinuity usually cannot be determined unless an operation is performed. However, the predictive value of preoperative audiological factors in diagnosing incudal necrosis in patients with chronic otitis media (COM) – mucosal type is reasonably accurate. Ossiculoplasty was performed with autologous incus, and audiometric assessment was done to compare the hearing improvement postoperatively.
Dental Alloy Sorting By the Thermoelectric Method
Authors: Kikuchi Masafumi
Published: October 2019

Objectives: A nondestructive, rapid, and practical method of dental alloy sorting is desirable. In this study, the hypothesis to be tested is that dental alloys show significantly different and high thermoelectric power values, on the basis of which alloy sorting is possible.

Methods: Six silver-colored commercial dental casting alloys are used in this study: two silver alloys, one gold-silver-palladium alloy, one cobalt-chromium alloy, one nickel-chromium alloy, and one titanium alloy. The thermoelectric power of their castings was determined against constantan using a simple apparatus developed in a previous study. Linear least square fitting was applied to the measured thermal-EMF-temperature curve to determine the thermoelectric power for the temperature ranges of 298.303 K (temperature difference Δt = 5 K), 298.308 K (Δt=10 K), 298.313 K (Δt=15 K), and 298.318 K (Δt=20 K). The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and by the Scheffefs test at a significance level of α=0.01.

Results: When the temperature difference was 10 K or less, the difference in the thermoelectric powers of the alloys was not always statistically significant. However, when the temperature difference was 15 K or more, the thermoelectric powers of the six alloys differed significantly.

Conclusions: The results indicated the feasibility of rapid sorting of specific dental alloys by the thermoelectric method, provided a sufficiently large temperature difference is achieved. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:66-70)
A Talon Cusp on Fused Teeth Associated with Hypodontia: Report of a Unique Case
Authors: Dinesh Rao B , Hegde Sapna
Published: October 2019

Fusion and talon cusps are rare developmental dental anomalies affecting both primary and permanent dentitions. Talon cusps normally occur on the palatal surface of permanent maxillary incisors, while fused teeth are more common in the primary anterior dentition. An understanding of these dental anomalies and their associated problems are important to provide prophylactic measures, thereby preventing or minimizing possible complications. This paper presents a unique case of fused mandibular permanent incisors with a lingual talon cusp associated with hypodontia of an adjacent tooth. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:75-80)
Dystrophinopathy in a Family Due to a Rare Nonsense Mutation Causing Predominant Behavioral Phenotype
Authors: Harada Yohei , Sorensen Seth T. , Aravindhan Akilandeswari , Stefans Vikki , Veerapandiyan Aravindhan
Published: October 2019

Dystrophinopathies are a group of X-linked neuromuscular disorders resulting from mutations in DMD gene that encodes dystrophin. The clinical spectrum includes Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy, X-linked cardiomyopathy, and intellectual disability without involvement of skeletal muscle. Cognitive and behavioral problems are commonly seen among patients with dystrophinopathy. DMD gene is the largest human gene, consisting of 79 exons that produce dystrophin protein. Patients with genetic changes involving shorter dystrophin isoforms such as Dp140 and Dp71 are suggested to have higher rates of intellectual disability, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and other neuropsychiatric comorbidities. We describe three brothers who presented with prominent neurobehavioral deficits of varying degree, mild proximal weakness, and elevated serum creatine kinase due to a rare nonsense mutation, c.1702C > T; p.Gln568X, in exon 14 of DMD gene. Further studies are needed to better understand the effects of this rare mutation.
VPTMAGAZIN meets ... Die Physiotutors
Authors: Peters Oliver , Hergel Tanja
Published: October 2019

Unser Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeitsteam Tanja Hergel und Oliver Peters haben
sich mit den „YouTube-Stars“ unserer Branche getroffen und ein kurzes Interview
geführt. Andreas Heck und Kai Sigel betreiben sehr erfolgreich den
YouTube-Channel Physiotutors und vermitteln mit ihren Beiträgen
physiotherapeutisches Fachwissen an Kolleginnen und Kollegen aus aller Welt
…
Effect of different palatal vault shapes on the dimensional stability of glass fiber-reinforced heat-polymerized acrylic resin denture base material
Authors: Dalkiz Mehmet , Arslan Demet , Tuncdemir Riza Ali , Bilgin Selim M , Aykul Halil
Published: October 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different palatal vault shapes on the dimensional stability of a glass fiber reinforced heat polymerized acrylic resin denture base material

Methods: Three edentulous maxilla with shallow, deep and medium shaped palatal vaults were selected and elastomeric impressions were obtained. A maxillary cast with four reference points (A, B, C, and D) was prepared to serve as control. Point (A) was marked in the anterior midline of the edentulous ridge in the incisive papillary region, points (B) and (C) were marked in the right and left posterior midlines of the edentulous ridge in the second molar regions, and point (D) was marked in the posterior palatal midline near the fovea palatina media (Figure 2). To determine linear dimensional changes, distances between four reference points (A-B, A-C, A-D and B-C) were initially measured with a metal gauge accurate within 0.1 mm under a binocular stereo light microscope and data (mm) were recorded

Results:No significant difference of interfacial distance was found in sagittal and frontal sections measured 24 h after polymerization and after 30 days of water storage in any of experimental groups (P>05). Significant difference of linear dimension were found in all experimental groups (P<.01) between measurements made 24 h after polymerization of specimens and 30 days after water storage

Conclusion: Palatal vault shape and fiber impregnation into the acrylic resin bases did not affect the magnitude of interfacial gaps between the bases and the stone cast surfaces. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:70-78)
Single tooth replacement using a ceramic resin bonded fixed partial denture: A case report
Authors: Kara Haluk Baris , Aykent Filiz
Published: October 2019

This article describes the use of an all ceramic resin-bonded ﬁxed partial denture as a conservative solution for the replacement of an incisor. It is a minimally invasive technique that does not discolor the abutment teeth. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:101-104)
Reattachment of fractured maxillary incisors using fiber-reinforced post: Two case reports
Authors: Tosun Gul , Yildiz Esma , Elbay Mesut , Sener Yagmur
Published: October 2019

Objective: The reattachment of the crown fragment to a fractured tooth is a conservative treatment that should be considered for young patients with crown-root fractures to the maxillary incisors if the subgingival fracture can be exposed to provide isolation. Gingivectomy, the surgical or orthodontic extrusion of the apical fragment is necessary to expose the subgingival fracture. This report demonstrates the treatment of two cases with the combination of gingivectomy or resective osseous surgery, reattachment of coronal fracture and fiber-reinforced polymer posts and shows three years long term follow-up. Subgingivally extended crown-root fractures of maxillary incisors were restored with a combination of chemically cured resin material, light cured resin material and polyethylene fiber.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this case report, it was demonstrated that reattachment of tooth fragments can successfully benefit periodontal health, aesthetic needs and normal functioning after three years. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:227-233)
Oral contraceptive pill induced periodontal endocrinopathies and its management: A case report
Authors: Mistry Surajit , Bhowmick Debarati Carolina
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this article is to report a case of unusual oral contraceptive induced periodontal endocrinopathies and its treatment approach. A 32-year-old female patient, having fair oral hygiene, presented with painless, soft, diffuse gingival enlargement on severely compromised periodontium (≥ 4 mm generalized alveolar bone loss and attachment loss). The patient had on oral contraceptive over five years that was discontinued six months ago. When the lesion was not reversed following withdrawal of the pill or by repeated non-surgical measures, biopsy was performed to establish the diagnosis that revealed microscopic findings similar to that seen in gingival enlargement in pregnancy. Pocket depth, tooth mobility and gingival enlargement were reduced remarkably following periodontal surgery. After surgical intervention, close follow-up for over three years revealed no evidence of recurrence of gingival enlargement and progressive attachment loss. We conclude that periodontal surgery, patient compliance and comprehensive maintenance care are effective to return healthy periodontal status in such conditions. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:324-329)
Isolated bilateral macrodontia of mandibular second premolars: A case report
Authors: Canoglu Ebru , Canoglu Harun , Aktas Alper , Cehreli Zafer C
Published: October 2019

Isolated bilateral macrodontia of mandibular second premolars is an extremely rare dental anomaly with only 5 cases reported to date. This case report presents clinical and radiographic findings of isolated bilateral macrodontia in a 12-year-old child. The patient was referred to the clinic with local crowding of mandibular posterior teeth. Radiographic findings revealed the presence of impacted macrodont mandibular second premolars and their distinct morphological appearance, characterized by large, multitubercular, molariform crowns, and tapering, single roots. Following surgical removal of the impacted premolars, orthodontic therapy was initiated to correct the malocclusion. Along with the features and treatment of this rare anomaly, this case report also illustrates the benefits, in terms of treatment planning and surgical technique, of supplementing conventional radiography with cone-beam computed tomography to localize the macrodont premolars and accurately establish their relationship with the neighboring roots and anatomic structures. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:330-334)
The public’s health and the social meaning of guns
Authors: Galea Sandro , Abdalla Salma M.
Published: October 2019

Guns have long affected the health of the American population. The preponderance of evidence showing that guns harm the public’s health suggests that regulating civilian access to guns should be universally embraced. Yet, action on guns has been vanishingly small. Why? At core, the inaction reflects a clash between our knowledge and our values. Despite the compelling public health argument for better gun control, we have not been able to grapple with the social meaning of guns, which informs the values that shape the public conversation. Doing so will require public health to engage in transdisciplinary work that pushes the field’s boundaries.
Phonon-limited mobility of Dirac fermions in three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Cd3As2
Authors: Kubakaddi S. S.
Published: October 2019

A theoretical model is presented for the phonon-limited mobility of the Dirac fermion gas in three-dimensional (3D) Dirac semimetal Cd3As2, with consideration of the scattering from both the acoustic and optical phonons. Screening effects are taken into account and it is found that they lead to significant enhancement of the mobility. Simple analytical equations and power laws are obtained for both the Bloch–Grüneisen and equipartition regimes. The dependence of the mobility on the temperature T and electron density ne is investigated. The optical-phonon-limited mobility μop is found to dominate over the acoustic-phonon-limited mobility μap in the higher-temperature region. There is a crossover of μap and μop, and the crossover temperature Tc shifts to a higher value with increasing ne. Numerical calculations of the mobility are conducted for recently reported experimental samples and good agreement is obtained with the experimental results. A comparison is also made with the results for a conventional 3D electron gas in a degenerate semiconductor.
Design of protected circuit models for nonlinear dielectric conductivity measurement system under high-energy impulse breakdown conditions
Authors: Liu Chenyang , Yousif Muhammad , Hu Siquan , Han Kun , Yao Wei , Liu Yang
Published: October 2019

During high voltage tests for nonlinear dielectric samples, accidental breakdown may occur due to the influence of some objective factors (such as material defectiveness, ambient temperature, air humidity, etc.). Under the high voltage conditions, a high energy impulse causes breakdown discharge resulting in test equipment failure. In this article, several unique types of LC and RC filtering circuit models are proposed to protect the nonlinear dielectric conductivity measurement system. Simulation of the proposed design models are carried out using “MATLAB Simulink”. The simulation results revealed that all LC and RC filtering circuit models have a protective function for the test equipment, and can buffer the voltage-raising amplitude. By comparison, it is observed that the LC filtering circuit model has a better buffer-function than RC filtering circuit model. The LC filtering circuit can make the voltage-output curve more lenitive, and significantly increase the safety of measurement system. In addition, the comparison of single LC/RC and π LC/RC filtering circuit models show that the π LC/RC filtering circuit model has a better buffer function. Furthermore, in the high electric-field breakdown the π LC/RC model can make a less steeper voltage-output curve. The filtering principles of these kinds of filtering circuit models were discussed, and the correctness of simulation results were validated by experiments.
Calculations of Ar scattering from graphite
Authors: Hayes W. W. , Manson J. R.
Published: October 2019

Two recent experiments on the scattering of hyperthermal Ar atoms from clean and ordered graphite have been carried out in the classical regime, which is characterized by excitations of large numbers of phonons. The measured data, which consist primarily of angular distribution spectra, are shown here to be well explained by straight-forward classical scattering theory. The calculations confirm that the Ar-graphite scattering at energies of up to 14 eV is a single-hit collision process involving a large number of carbon atoms in the outermost graphene layers. This number is estimated here to be close to 9 carbon atoms. All of the measured angular distributions down to energies of 0.3 eV are supraspecular, but the present calculations predict that the angular distributions will become subspecular at lower energies. Calculations are also presented predicting the expected results of energy-resolved measurements under similar initial conditions.
Physics at Boeing runs the gamut from lightning strikes to neuromorphic processors, with a dash of metamaterials
Authors: Kramer David
Published: October 2019

Physicists are uniquely qualified to solve problems that require an understanding of the bigger picture.
The Crystal Structure of the Manganese Superoxide Dismutase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus: Parker and Blake (1988) Revisited
Authors: Adams Julian J. , Morton Craig J. , Parker Michael W.
Published: October 2019

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an almost ubiquitous metalloenzyme in aerobic organisms that catalyses the disproportionation of superoxide. Geobacillus stearothermophilus MnSOD is the only published MnSOD structure that does not have its coordinates publicly available, yet it is one of the more cited structures in the SOD literature. The structure has now been refined with modern programs, yielding a significantly improved structure which has been deposited in the Protein Data Bank. Importantly, the further refined structure reveals the presence of a catalytically important fifth ligand, water, to the metal centre, as observed in other SOD structures.
Predation on eggs of the apple snail Pomacea dolioides (Reeve, 1856) in rural and urban areas of the Amazon
Authors: Fonseca Aldeiza M. , Sant'Anna Bruno S.
Published: October 2019

This study investigated the predation of eggs of the apple snail Pomacea dolioides in Itacoatiara, Amazonas, Brazil. Predation was compared between rural and urban areas, period of day, shaded and unshaded clutches. In addition, we evaluated clutch height and the behaviour of predators. Between April 2017 and July 2018, 962 egg clutches were observed at different times of the day: 492 in rural areas with predation of 68 egg clutches and 470 in urban areas with predation of only 9 egg clutches. Significant differences were recorded for predation rate and differences were recorded for egg clutch height in the areas. In the rural areas, the most frequent predators during the day were ants Solenopsis invicta, Crematogaster cf. carinata and the most abundant were S. invicta, Wasmannia aff. iheringi and C. cf. carinata. During the night, S. invicta was the most frequent and abundant predator. In urban areas, the frequency of predation and abundance of S. invicta were higher during the day and night than those of other predators. Populations of P. dolioides in rural areas are more affected by egg predation, mostly by S. invicta and C. cf. carinata, and predatory behaviour depended on the species of the predator.