bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond inhibition against the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: development of PD-L1 inhibitors targeting internalization and degradation of PD-L1
Authors: Guo Jiazheng , Yu Fengyi , Zhang Kuojun , Jiang Sheng , Zhang Xiangyu , Wang Tianyu
Published: December 2023

This review clarifies the evolution of PD-L1 inhibitors and provides insights into the current development of PD-L1 inhibitors, especially targeting internalization and degradation of PD-L1.
Correction: Novel (E)-3-(1-substituted-1H-indazol-5-yl)-N-hydroxypropenamides as histone deacetylase inhibitors: design, synthesis and structure–activity relationships
Authors: Doan Minh Sang , Park Eun Jae , Anh Duong Tien , Dung Do Thi Mai , Quang-Bao Le , Hai Pham-The , Oanh Dao Thi Kim , Tung Truong Thanh , Na Ik Ho , Kwon Joo Hee , Kang Jong Soon , Han Sang-Bae , Hai Dinh Thi Thanh , Nam Nguyen-Hai
Published: December 2023

Correction for ‘Novel (E)-3-(1-substituted-1H-indazol-5-yl)-N-hydroxypropenamides as histone deacetylase inhibitors: design, synthesis and structure–activity relationships’ by Minh Sang Doan et al., New J. Chem., 2023, 47, 4478–4490, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NJ04894A.
Sequential regioselective arylation of pyrazolones with diaryliodonium salts
Authors: Liao Wenbo , Du Hairui , Chen Mingxiu , Xiong Yan , Zhou Heye , Qin Tao , Liu Bin
Published: December 2023

The introduction of aromatic substituents into organic compounds significantly alters their physical and chemical characteristics.
Cellular senescence and kidney aging
Authors: Rex Nikolai , Melk Anette , Schmitt Roland
Published: December 2023

Life expectancy is increasing worldwide, and by 2050 the proportion of the world’s population over 65 years of age is estimated to surpass 1.5 billion. Kidney aging is associated with molecular and physiological changes that cause a loss of renal function and of regenerative potential. As the aging population grows, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying these changes, as they increase the susceptibility to developing acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Various cellular processes and molecular pathways take part in the complex process of kidney aging. In this review, we will focus on the phenomenon of cellular senescence as one of the involved mechanisms at the crossroad of kidney aging, age-related disease, and CKD. We will highlight experimental and clinical findings about the role of cellular senescence in kidney aging and CKD. In addition, we will review challenges in senescence research and emerging therapeutic aspects. We will highlight the great potential of senolytic strategies for the elimination of harmful senescent cells to promote healthy kidney aging and to avoid age-related disease and CKD. This review aims to give insight into recent discoveries and future developments, providing a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on cellular senescence and anti-senescent therapies in the kidney field.
Ableism, Code-Switching, and Camouflaging: A Letter to the Editor on Gerlach-Houck and DeThorne (2023)
Authors: Roberts Julie
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

This letter to the editor is in response to the Gerlach-Houck and DeThorne (2023) epilogue regarding their proposal for speech-language pathologists to offer Autistic code-switching (Autistic masking and camouflage) as a viable, non-ableist social communication tool that Autistic clients may choose to use in “high-stakes” social situations. In connection with Autistic code-switching, the authors reference “the debate” regarding code-switching in “African American Vernacular English speakers,” specifically, whether “standard” English should be encouraged as a way to access “conventional forms of success.”

Conclusion:

Professionally training Autistic clients to “code-switch” with the goal of improving the client's chances of accessing conventional forms of success is essentially training Autistic masking and camouflaging. This type of therapy reinforces to both the Autistic client, as well as society, the position that hiding a person's Autistic traits is a pathway to acceptance and success. Autistic camouflaging has detrimental ramifications for mental health outcomes; perpetuates both internalized and societal stigma; hinders bias and discrimination deconstruction; reinforces ableist values; and fails to dismantle power inequities and social barriers that lead to marginalization, oppression, and exclusion.
Elusive hot stripped helium stars in the Galaxy
Authors: Yungelson L. , Kuranov A. , Postnov K. , Kuranova M. , Oskinova L. M. , Hamann W.-R.
Published: December 2023

Context. Stellar evolution theory predicts the existence of helium-core remnants of the primary components of intermediate-mass close binaries that lost most of their hydrogen-helium envelopes due to the mass exchange. These remnants are expected to be observed as hot helium-rich stars with masses of (1−7) M⊙, located in the area of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram between OB subdwarfs and Wolf-Rayet stars. While several thousands of such stripped helium stars are expected to exist in the Galaxy, none of them have been identified so far.

Aims. We aim to provide comprehensive predictions of the numbers and fundamental properties of stripped helium stars and their binary companions in the Galaxy. This is a necessary first step to guide observations, to enable a comparison between binary evolution models and realistic stellar populations, and to determine the feedback parameters of stripped helium stars in the Galaxy.

Methods. We expanded the previously considered space of parameters describing close binary systems producing stripped helium stars and applied a population synthesis based on a grid of evolutionary models computed by the code MESA, using a spin-dependent algorithm for the treatment of mass and angular momentum loss from the system.

Results. We show that the number of Galactic binaries hosting (1−7) M⊙ He-stars is ≃20 000 and that it steeply declines with an increase in the He-star mass (≃3000 with mass ≳2 M⊙). The decisive factor that defines the low number of stripped He-stars is runaway mass-loss after Roche lobe overflow (RLOF) by primary components of the binaries, which leads to the formation of common envelopes and the further merger of components. This effect strongly restricts the initial ranges of masses of components of the progenitors of stripped stars and orbital periods. In addition, stripped helium stars are much less numerous than expected, since a significant fraction of binaries in which the primaries have masses less than (5−7) M⊙ produce subdwarfs with masses ≲1 M⊙. Our calculations show that the overwhelming majority of helium stars reside in binaries with an early-type companion star and can be identified neither by the UV excess nor by emission features. The large periods of a significant fraction of binaries hosting stripped stars (≳several hundred days) also hamper their discovery.
Mode conversion and energy flux absorption in the structured solar atmosphere
Authors: Skirvin S. J. , Van Doorsselaere T.
Published: December 2023

Context. Structuring in the solar atmosphere, in the form of inhomogeneities transverse to the magnetic field, is believed to play a vital role in wave propagation, conversion, and absorption.

Aims. We investigated the effect of transverse structuring on the processes of mode conversion and wave energy flux absorption using a 3D ideal magnetohydrodynamic simulation featuring an expanding coronal loop in a gravitationally stratified atmosphere.

Methods. Multiple wave drivers were modelled. The location of the driver at the photospheric base was allowed to vary so that we could study how the driven waves interact with the transverse structuring, provided by the magnetic field, as well as with the vertical structuring due to gravity.

Results. We find that the transverse structuring acts as a conduit for Alfvén wave energy flux through the transition region and into the solar corona. Moreover, in regions of strong transverse gradients, the reflection of Alfvén waves at the transition region is greatly reduced, supporting results from recent studies. Finally, we investigated the efficiency of the loop structuring at absorbing energy flux from externally driven waves and find that the loop is extremely effective at channelling wave energy flux to the loop apex in the corona; in some cases, it can absorb over a third of the externally driven wave energy flux.

Conclusions. These results may have important consequences in the context of decayless loop oscillations as they suggest that the oscillations are driven by acoustic waves outside of the existing loop structure.
Site Analysis Using Microtremor Array for Disaster Mitigation of Landslide in the Cianjur Aquatic Resort
Authors: Setyo Yuliatmoko Rahmat , Dairoh Dairoh , Fauzi Masykuri Anas , Suryanto Wiwit , Rohadi Supriyanto
Published: December 2023

Micrometer Array measures microwaves from nature and human life by using specific configurations to determine the rock layers below the surface. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on subsurface geological conditions, especially rock layers and the depth of bedrock so that the characteristics of underground rocks and soil conditions can be known as an effort to mitigate landslides in the tourist area of The Cianjur Aquatic Resort. The research method used in this study is the spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method. The results showed that The Cianjur Aquatic Resort area has a rock layer in the tourist attraction The Cianjur Aquatic Resort, which consists of 2 rock layers with the characteristics of a medium rock layer in the first layer and hard rock in the second layer. The depth of the first layer of rock ranges from 8-10 meters, and the depth of the second layer ranges from 90-100 meters. Judging from the condition of the rock layers, Vs30, and soil conditions as well as the thickness of the rock layers in the area of The Cianjur Aquatic Resort, it is classified as safe from landslides, but it should be noted that landslides occur not only because of the soil, condition or thickness of the coating, but many factors influence it such as the condition of the resort location, weather conditions, slope, and vegetation density.
Designing excavation method and support system of Bintang Bano irrigation tunnel, Sumbawa Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat based on Rock Mass Rating (RMR)
Authors: Setiarini Dinda W. , Putra Doni P.E. , Indrawan I. Gde B.
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the characterization of igneous rock masses for the design of tunnel excavation methods and support systems. The subject of this research is the Bintang Bano Irrigation Tunnel located in Sumbawa Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat. This tunnel was built as a container to channel water potential from the Bintang Bano Dam to the surrounding area. The purpose of this study was to determine the tunnel excavation method and support system during tunnel design and construction and estimate standing time based on rock mass classification. This research was conducted using primary data and secondary data collection was carried out to achieve the research objectives. The results showed that there was only one type of rock unit along the tunnel, namely andesite rock unit. The andesite rock along the tunnel has a uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) with various values, which is between 4.24 – 93.23 MPa with very weak to strong rock classification. Based on the RMR value, the andesite rock in the tunnel appears to be divided into two categories, namely poor rock and fair rock. Suggested excavation techniques and tunnel support systems along the tunnels vary based on rock mass categories calculated using the RMR method.
Analysis of community participation in waste management at the sidomandiri sidoharjo integrated waste processing site (tpst) pringsewu regency
Authors: Nur Awan Fajriharish , S Febriasri , Zurfi Alfian
Published: December 2023

Due to the large amount of waste generation in Pringsewu Regency, community-based waste management sites such as TPST were created through the KOTAKU program. One of the TPSTs in Pringsewu Regency is the Sidomandiri Sidoharjo TPST with the number of households that have participated in the Sidomandiri Sidoharjo TPST as much as 16.65% of the total Pekon Sidoharjo households. The aim of the research is to analyze the type and volume of each type of waste managed by Sidomandiri Sidoharjo TPST and to analyze the level of community participation in waste management at Sidomandiri Sidoharjo TPST. The method used is descriptive quantitative with a sampling technique in the form of simple random sampling and measurement using a Likert scale. The results showed that the sources of waste in TPST came from households, restaurants and schools. The volume of waste receipts for 2023 from January to April is 92 m3, 88 m3, 85 m3 and 107 m3. Types of waste include organic, inorganic and residual waste. Then the level of community participation in the form of thoughts, energy and skills is included in the low category. While the participation of goods and money is included in the medium category. So based on the overall results, the level of community participation is in the low category with a score of 2.10.
Improvement of the feasibility of developing transit-oriented development for Yogyakarta commuter line stations
Authors: Fitria Putri Ratih , Cherlys Cherlys , Rahmat Fachrizal Helmi , Syafi Raihan Hana , Putri Nabilla , Adi Nugraha Hasan , Wahyu Istiqomah Erma , Nur Islami Irma , Hasanah Dima , Bintang Baihaqy Shalahudin , Primaputra Alam P.R. , Aditya Insani Anugrah
Published: December 2023

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) has been recognized as a sustainable approach to urban development and transportation. This study aims to improve the feasibility of developing TOD for Yogyakarta Commuter Line Stations, focusing on the Yogyakarta Railway Station as a transportation system node and catalyst for economic growth. The research method used in this study is spatial modeling with a geographic information system, specifically using a 500-meter buffer area around the Palur Station. The study highlights the potential of integrating public transport and land use to reduce the impact of urban development and attract further development around the transit nodes. The findings of this study can provide valuable insights for policymakers and urban planners in Yogyakarta to enhance the feasibility of developing TOD for the Yogyakarta Commuter Line Stations. The results of this study show that the implementation of TOD around the Palur Station can improve the feasibility of developing TOD for Yogyakarta Commuter Line Stations. The spatial modeling analysis indicates that the area has the potential to attract further development and increase economic growth. The study also identifies the need for optimizing the existing public transport system and its synergy with land use planning to achieve the full potential of TOD.
Study of water degradation due to community activities in The Lake Batur ecosystem, Bangli District, Bali
Authors: Bagus Nuringtyas Satria , Harini Rika , Widayani Prima
Published: December 2023

Lake Batur is a aquatic ecosystem that has a role for domestic and economic needs of the people in Kintamani District, Bangli Regency even widely used within the Bali Province. This lake is one of the national priority that must be immediately saved due to degradation and sedimentation based on the stipulation in the Indonesian Presidential Regulation. This research aims to determine the level of water quality of Lake Batur, identify community activities and its correlation with water degradation, and formulate strategies for controlling water ecosystem. Primary data for this research are 11 different water sample points determined based on land use around the lake. The water sample datas then are tested in the laboratory to observe physical, chemical and biological parameters, then determine water quality index using NSF-WQI method and pollution index. Secondary data is interviews with communities around. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling classified based on the livelihoods of local residents. Based on calculations using the NSF-WQI method, Lake Batur water has a score of 68.97 or classified as moderate status. The water quality of Lake Batur calculated using polution index method has a score of 8.56, which is classified in the moderately polluted. Community activities are very dependent on the existence of lakes and are very close to water bodies. Waste generated from various activities has a risk of water degradation and sedimentation. Waste and sedimentation can occur due to the use of chemicals. Communities should switch for using organic materials such as compost for farmers and natural fish food for fish cultivators, as well as being orderly in implementing existing policies. The government needs to provide physical and non-physical facilities to support for reducing the risk of. Investors are expected to follow policies and apply ecotourism principles.
Utilization of Planetscope Imagery for Carbon Stock Estimation of Standing Green Open Space in Jebres Sub-District, Surakarta
Authors: Permatasari Valentina Yulia , Suharyadi R. , Hidayati Iswari Nur
Published: December 2023

The availability of green open space in urban areas is decreasing in line with the increase in population and land use change, which affects carbon stocks and CO2 levels in the air. The less green open space, the less carbon stock is stored. This study aims to determine the spatial distribution of green open space with PlanetScope images and estimate the carbon stock of standing green open space in Jebres, Surakarta. The methods used were allometric equation and linear regression analysis. Sample plots in the field were determined by Stratified Random Sampling. Planetscope images could map green open space with an accuracy rate of 91.3% and an area of 2.0257 km2 consisting of green open space in grass, shrubs, and stands. The results of biomass estimation with NDVI vegetation index and biomass measurement in the field were 0.17563 to 1.93544 tons/pixel, resulting in an estimated carbon stock of 0.0000046 tons/pixel - 0.768 tons/pixel. The accuracy test in this study uses the Standard Error of Estimation (SEE) with a SEE value of 0.256367, a minimum error of 2.35%, and a maximum error of 3.95%, thus proving that Planetscope images can estimate green open space carbon stocks accurately.
Study of Liquefaction Severity-induced Lateral Displacement and Settlement based on SPT Data in Toll Road Project (Case Study: Mungkid and Candimulyo Districts, Central Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Purba Shine Farroh , Ismanti Sito , Setiawan Angga Fajar
Published: December 2023

The common phenomena during liquefaction are the lateral displacement and settlement of saturated soil deposits. These phenomena have the potential damage to the toll road construction where this research is taking place. Toll road projects in Mungkid and Candimulyo Districts, Central Java, Indonesia must be evaluated for lateral displacement and settlement. The study area is located in volcanic deposits originating from Mount Merapi and Merbabu, with shallow groundwater level in some location, and a history big seismicity. PGA value at the research location was calculated using webpage application from Lini Binamarga. This study aims to calculate liquefaction severity using LSI method, lateral spreading using LDI method, and the ground settlement using reconsolidation settlement method with various moment magnitude scenarios. LSI in Candimulyo and Mungkid District are 17.77 (low severity) and 9.68 (very low severity), respectively. Candimulyo and Mungkid Districts experienced the greatest lateral spreading of 3.84 m and 1.87 m. Also, Candimulyo and Mungkid Districts have the largest settlement by 0.42 m in the extensive damage category and 0.15 m in the medium damage category. Based on this assessment, it is necessary to investigate the mitigation required to reduce lateral spreading and settlement caused by liquefaction.
Aesthetic and cultural value of Nglanggeran ancient volcano geoheritage: A cultural geomorphology perspective
Authors: Insani A.A. , Ningsih R.L. , Murtidewi A.C. , Silvyana R. , Pasaribu D. , Putri R.F.
Published: December 2023

Nglanggeran Ancient Volcano is a residual hill over from an ancient volcano. The Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta have designated the area as a Geoheritage, but the aesthetic and cultural aspects of the landscape have not been studied further and are still considered separately. In fact, a landscape is composed of abiotic, biotic, and cultural aspects, all of which interact with each other in the earth system. This study focuses on the aesthetic and cultural aspects of Nglanggeran Ancient Volcano in the perspective of cultural geomorphology. The method used is descriptive qualitative exploratory method. Cultural and aesthetic values are explored through literature studies and field surveys. The results of this study are the immaterial cultural values and aesthetic values of the Nglanggeran Ancient Volcano Geoheritage, such as Nglanggeran Legend, Kampung Pitu’s Folklore, the beauty of nglanggeran landscape, nglanggeran ecotourism, and nglanggeran as artistic inspiration. This study will strengthen the legal basis of Nglanggeran Ancient Volcano as a geoheritage and provide scientific awareness of the relationship between aesthetic and cultural aspects and landforms in a landscape framework.
Relationship between settlement environmental quality and socio-economic conditions in Kwadungan Permai Housing, Kediri Regency
Authors: Wulan Putri Yuko Nawang , Putri Ratih Fitria
Published: December 2023

Kwadungan Permai housing is subsidized housing in the industrial zone of Kediri Regency aimed at helping low-income people. This phenomenon has an impact on socio-economic conditions and increases the potential for environmental problems that can determine settlement environmental quality. The high demand for settlements supported by rapid population growth without being accompanied by land expansion will cause environmental and social problems. Therefore, a study on the settlement environmental quality that includes socio-economic conditions is needed to formulate regional policies on settlements. This study aims to (1) assess the settlement environmental quality, (2) analyze the relationship between socio-economic conditions and the settlement environmental quality. Data obtained from structured interviews with respondents selected by stratified random sampling. Data were processed by scoring method and analyzed by mixed method. The results showed that Kwadungan Permai Housing was dominated by a moderate class 37%. All parameters of socio-economic conditions have a significant relationship with the settlement environmental quality. Then the bad quality class reached 32.9% and the good quality class reached 30.1%. The variables of the last education level and the level of income have a positive relationship, while the number of family dependents has a negative relationship.
The Dynamic of Labors Absorption During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Bangka Belitung Islands
Authors: Ginting B.V. , Giri C.E.A.G. , Khansabyla F. , Azzahra I. , Asrofi M.Z. , Putri R.F.
Published: December 2023

Bangka Belitung is a natural resources-rich province in Indonesia, especially tin metal. The covid-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on labor and economic conditions in Bangka Belitung. The method used in this study is using secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics Bangka Belitung. Analysis of trends and characteristics of labor absorption is done by analyzing several indicators such as the characteristics of the employment sector, the attribute of employment status, the characteristics of the types of employment, and the elasticity of the employment field. The results of data acquisition are then analyzed using descriptive quantitative data analysis. The study shows a shift in the dominance of workers from the primary to the tertiary sector. The dynamic of labor absorption in Bangka Belitung Island is mainly affected by covid-19 and technology. The agricultural sector is the dominant type of work and has the highest increase in labor absorption in 2020 at 2,98%. A significant decrease was 3,58% in the mining sector as a major sector in Bangka Belitung. Labor productivity shows a fluctuating trend in each sector. Employment decreased during the pandemic followed by the substitution of jobs that focus on the formal sector for the informal sector.
The effect of changes in labor absorption on structural economic transformation in Riau province before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Widiastuti Erlita Nur’aini , Rachmawati Alfina Ayu , Azhiimi Annashru Rizqia Aliiyil , Widantara Khrisna Wasista , Rohmah Nabilah Luthfatur , Putri Ratih Fitria
Published: December 2023

Riau, as a province with a population of more than 50%, including the labor force, certainly has an impact on the dynamics of labor absorption. This study aims to analyze the shift in labor absorption and its effect on the structural transformation of the economy in Riau Province during the pre-pandemic (2018–2019) and during the pandemic (2020) as well as the employment challenges faced by Riau Province using quantitative descriptive methods. The measurement of employment conditions uses secondary data obtained from the publications of the Central Statistics Agency. The results of the analysis show that employment in Riau Province has begun to shift (structural transformation) from the primary sector, such as agriculture, to the secondary sector, such as industry, and tertiary sectors such as trade and services, especially in urban areas such as Dumai City and Pekanbaru in the pre-pandemic period. In addition, it can be seen that the COVID-19 pandemic has affected structural transformation changes, marked by an increase in the primary sector workforce and a decrease in the secondary and tertiary sector workforce during the 2020 pandemic.
Willingness to Pay Household-based PDAM Clean Water Service in Purwosuman Village Sidoharjo District Sragen Regency
Authors: Ayu M.M. , Harini R.
Published: December 2023

Purwosuman Village is one of the villages in Sidoharjo District, which has several textile industries. The textile industry's existence provides various impacts on the environment, one of which is a decrease in water quality and quantity. Problems related to water resources trigger high costs to obtain water. This study examines the Willingness To Pay of the PDAM's desired clean water service by households and the factors influencing the value of Willingness To Pay. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. Data analysis used the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) approach to determine the value of Willingness To Pay. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine the factors that affect Willingness To Pay. This research shows that the average value of Willingness To Pay PDAM clean water tariff is IDR3.656,00/10m³; this value is more significant than the PDAM clean water rate in Sragen Regency IDR3.400,00/10m³. The total value of Willingness To Pay is IDR292.480,00. Factors that affect Willingness To Pay are income, education, and distance to water sources, while the number of family members does not affect Willingness To Pay (WTP).
Agricultural Watershed Health Monitoring Using Spatial Based Approach under Tropical Climate Environment
Authors: Nu'man Muchammad , Setyawan Chandra , Khoirotunnisa Safira Defiani , Ngadisih  , Nafisa Gina Isna
Published: December 2023

Massive agricultural activities in watershed areas cause severe environmental damage through soil erosion, sedimentation downstream and decreased water quality. A decrease in water quality can damage the aquatic ecosystem, which is an indication of a watershed health level. Hence, continuous monitoring of water quality is needed. This study aims to assess the level of watershed health as a result of agricultural activities. Five water quality indicators such as BOD, COD, pH, Nitrate, and KMnO4 were used in this study. The values of the five indicators were then analyzed quantitatively using scoring with three posibility categories and scores, namely good (score: 5), moderate (score: 3), and poor (score: 1). Categories were determined based on water quality standards for aquatic ecosystems. The results showed a good value category for all indicators. It reveals that in general the watershed is in a healthy condition. Some indicators that showed moderate values (BOD, COD, and KMnO4) in the northern part of the watershed indicated changes in water quality. The results of this study provides a reference for developing a watershed health monitoring system using more complex indicators.
Groundwater Pollution Risk Analysis in Wonosari Basin and Gunungsewu Karst Transition Zone, Gunungkidul, Indonesia
Authors: Sisthannisa R. , Widyastuti M. , Adji T.N.
Published: December 2023

The Wonosari Basin and Gunungsewu Karst Transition Zone have enormous hydrological potential, but highly complex human activities put them at risk of groundwater pollution. This research was designed to analyze the distribution of groundwater vulnerability to pollution, potential sources of contamination (i.e., hazards), and groundwater pollution risk in both areas. The COP method was employed to determine the vulnerability, with modifications on the calculation of lithology (OL), a subfactor of overlying layers (O). The hazard and risk assessments were based on the approach developed by COST Action 620. Based on the values, both study areas are dominated by very low to low vulnerability, with higher values in the transition zone than in the basin. Similarly, the groundwater is generally exposed to activities with a low potential for contamination. However, the hazard values were found to be higher in the basin, which can be linked to its more varied, intensive, and complex anthropogenic activities. Further, the distribution pattern showed that the majority of the two areas have low and very low risks of groundwater pollution, with a higher value measured in the transition zone.
Sedimentation Analysis in the Tambakboyo Retention Basin Using the USLE Method and Eco Sounder Measurements to Support the Optimization of Water Availability
Authors: Nuranto Sindu , Ustriyati Suci Nur , Putri Ifa Nadya , Sembada Pratama Tirza Surya , Wijayanti Estu
Published: December 2023

The Tambakboyo Dam has been operated for more than 10 years, resulting in increased sedimentation and reduced storage capacity from 400,000 m3 to 300,285 m3. Therefore, to support the optimization of water availability, the age of the reservoir needs to be known. This research analyzes the volume of sediment in the Tambakboyo Reservoir to determine the effective age of the reservoir by estimating the rate of erosion that occurs. The USLE method is used to determine the rate of erosion that occurs in the Tambakboyo Dam catchment area and bathymetry measurements are used to determine the volume of reservoir sediment directly. Using the USLE method, the DTA erosion rate was 13,864 tonnes/ha/year, while direct echo sounding measurements were 11,254 tonnes/ha/year. The remaining age of the reservoir based on the USLE method is 23.02 years, while direct measurements reach 28.359 years. So it can be concluded that the erosion rate in the Tambakboyo watershed is included in the very light erosion category, however the SDR results comparing sediment entering the reservoir with sediment calculated using the USLE method show that sediment control is still not effective.
Study Characteristics of a Multipurpose Reactor Building G.A. Siwabessy using Floor Spectral Ratio
Authors: Satriyo Agung , Suryanto Wiwit , Anggono Titi , Al Kamali M. Luthfi , Yufi Hanna Salsabila
Published: December 2023

The G.A. Siwabessy Reactor is a vital national object of Indonesia’s nuclear infrastructure. These nuclear facilities are vulnerable to earthquake shocks due to regional tectonic activity. This could have a major impact on society and the surrounding environment if a nuclear disaster occurs. To mitigate hazards, we investigate location and building characteristics through Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) and Floor Spectral Ratio (FSR) analysis. We determine the natural or dominant frequency (f0) and the amplification factor (A0). We carried out data acquisition on 8 - 19 January 2023 using the Lennartz LE-3D/20s short period seismometer. The data collection time was 31 minutes with 100 Hz sampling. We analyzed the data using Geopsy software. The natural frequency range obtained for wave propagation based on the direction of the NS component is in the range 1,423 – 4,726 Hz. For wave propagation in structures with the EW component direction, the f0 value is in the range 1,280 Hz to 9,753 Hz and the average f0 value in this direction is 2,957 Hz. This research will be a reference in the Periodic Safety Assessment regarding the resilience of building structures due to changes in the maximum ground acceleration value as a condition for extending the operational permit for the G.A. Siwabessy reactor.
Mapping the critical level of water infiltration areas in the western of Mijen sub-district, Semarang City, Central Java
Authors: Razaki Raden Mas Muhammad Aqshal Dias , Budianta Wawan , Hendratno Agus
Published: December 2023

Semarang City as the capital of Central Java Province is the main destination for urbanization in the Central Java region, which causes population density in Semarang City to increase, resulting in the development of land functions that can interfere with water infiltration areas. The western sub-district of Mijen, Semarang City, which is located on the border of Semarang City with Kendal Regency, and Semarang Regency, has also become a place for land use development due to the dense urban area. From these problems, research was conducted on the criticality of water infiltration areas in the western part of Mijen Subdistrict in order to be taken into consideration by the government to make policies. This research uses primary data in the form of soil and lithology mapping, and secondary data in the form of land use and slope, which are then verified in the field. The data were analyzed using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method by creating a pairwise comparison matrix on each parameter, and subparameter, which was then overlay. The western part of Mijen Sub-district has a good level of criticality of water infiltration areas located in parts of Wonoplumbon Village, Ngadirgo Village, Tambangan Village, and a small part of Cangkiran Village. Naturally normal conditions and starting to be critical are relatively evenly distributed throughout the research area. Slightly critical, critical, to very critical conditions are located in the center of Wonoplumbom Village, north of Ngadirgo Village, and south of Cangkiran Village, and Bubakan Village.
Increasing environmentally friendly energy production as a priority task of Mongolia’s energy industry
Authors: Batmunkh Sereeter
Published: December 2023

The article briefly justifies the urgent need to introduce new generating capacity into the country's power system to meet demand for energy and discusses individual issues related to new energy sources. The geographical, climatic, and economic features of the country are compared to those in other countries in the region, and external and internal factors influencing the energy sector are identified. Information is provided on the release of greenhouse gases, their main sources and the measures taken to further reduce them. The article also highlights the main strands of environmentally friendly solutions for the development of energy sources and presents ideas on scientific research in this direction and some of their results. The final part of the article presents an opinion regarding promising intercountry projects and emphasizes the need for Mongolia’s energy diplomacy to pay attention to them.
Study of operation modes of hybrid microgrid with using solar energy
Authors: Sosnovsky Ilya Konstantinovich , Kozlov Alexander Nikolaevich , Liu Fang
Published: December 2023

In developing countries, rural and remote areas are rarely connected to the centralized grid due to lack of transmission and distribution infrastructure. The development of a hybrid renewable energy model is an alternative solution to ensure the availability of electricity in such areas. In addition, the introduction of renewable and cleaner energy sources in power system operation has become a subject of interest to achieve deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. However, the intermittency of wind and solar energy has hindered the large-scale implementation of renewable energy sources (RES) in the power system. Hybrid energy systems (HES) utilizing RES are an alternative way to solve stability and reliability problems. The article covers the design and operation of HES in both stand-alone and grid-connected modes.
Development of a mathematical model of the heating nuclear power unit for optimization studies of autonomous electric power systems
Authors: Stepanova Elena L. , Zharkov Pavel V.
Published: December 2023

A two-stage method for creating mathematical models of thermal power nuclear power units for studying autonomous electric power systems is presented in the article. A detailed model of a nuclear power unit is being developed as the first stage. The model has sufficient accuracy of description of technological processes. Optimization calculations are carried out for a large number of operating modes. Аt the second stage, based on the results of optimization calculations of the first stage, energy characteristics and dependencies are constructed to determine the boundaries of the region of feasible solutions in the form of polynomials. A model of a nuclear power unit is created based on polynomials. A simplified model can be used in optimization studies of electric power systems. The authors propose a two-step approach for solving the polynomial search problem. At the first step, the coefficients of the polynomial are selected, which correspond to the minimum of the maximum value of the modulus of the difference between the function obtained using the polynomial and the function obtained using the detailed model of the power unit. At the second step, the deviation modules are limited to the value found at the first step, and the sum of the deviation modules is minimized at all points.
Institutional structure of the energy industry in the Baikal region
Authors: Sysoeva Natalia , Tszian Konstantin , Krotova Vera
Published: December 2023

The paper considers the conditions for solving the energy sector of the Baikal region problems related to the development of small-scale distributed energy generation and decentralization of energy supply within the expected energy transition. The institutional structure of energy production and transmission enterprises is analyzed, a group of companies and organizations associated with the local community is identified. A high degree of centralization and the prevalence of vertical ties in the industry management is highlighted, as well as dependency on structures external to the regions. Among the independent enterprises, organizations founded by the individuals prevail. Most of these companies have reduced their economic efficiency over the past five years. Difficulties are expected in the transition to a distributed architecture and horizontal principles of industry management due to the weakness of the sector that is not associated with vertically integrated companies, as well as the preservation of the industrial structure in the region, laid down in previous decades.
The problem of modeling the heating sector at the city level
Authors: Semikashev Valery Valerievich , Terenteva Aleksandra Stanislavovna
Published: December 2023

The article proposes a model for the functioning of the district heating sector. However, at the city level, a number of problems arise: problems of modeling the heat supply of cities associated with the inconsistency of statistics on the production and supply of thermal energy - unequal estimates of heat supply, losses and specific fuel consumption; the problem of forecasting heat consumption in cities; the problem of modeling the financial balance of the DH sector in cities. These problems can lead to an erroneous description of urban heating systems and the possible adoption of incorrect decisions on the development of the city's district heating, which has an impact on the development of the country's industry.
Outstanding issues in ensuring more stable international deliveries of Russian fuel and energy resources to the segments of the world economy available for exports
Authors: Grabchak Evgeny P. , Loginov Evgeny L. , Shkuta Alexander A.
Published: December 2023

Relevance. The paper discusses the digital ontology-driven approach to the development of a quasi-integrated supersystem. The supersystem includes the energy sector and its supporting elements of the financial and economic system of Russia and a group of friendly countries who are consumers of Russian fuel and energy resources (FER). The approach is employed to develop measures that ensure national and international economic and energy security. International deliveries of Russian fuel and energy resources to the segments of the world economy available for exports can become unstable due to the current crisis in international economic relations. The use of the digital ontology-driven approach is a response to the need to analyze the underlying processes and predict whether such instability can become critical in the future. This is done in conjunction with configuring properly the operation of the Russian infrastructure of production, transport, storage, processing, and deliveries of fuel and energy resources. To that end, they are to be adjusted so as to align with the transformation that the destinations and structure of Russian exports are undergoing. Problem statement. We argue for the adoption of the digital ontology-driven approach to the development of a quasi-integrated supersystem. The supersystem includes the energy sector and its supporting elements of the financial and economic system of Russia and a group of friendly countries who are consumers of Russian fuel and energy resources being parties to economic unions and bilateral agreements between the countries. We identify different variants of the impact of effected discriminatory practices and the state of commodity and financial markets. We study this impact as applied to 1) Russian energy companies supplying FERs abroad, 2) consumers of Russian FERs in Russia and abroad, 3) companies transporting FERs abroad and using other countries for transit through them, and 4) manufacturers of equipment for the energy sector. Purpose of the study. We aim to identify conceptual approaches clarifying the effect of macroeconomic factors on 1) Russian energy companies
Energy transformation and sustainable development: enlightenment from China’s energy plan
Authors: Zoryna Tatsiana , Yang Zhuxi
Published: December 2023

The world’s energy development is in an era of great change. Since the Industrial Revolution, the large-scale development and utilization of fossil energy has effectively promoted the progress of human civilization, but it has also brought about prominent problems such as resource scarcity, environmental pollution, and climate change. At present, accelerating energy reform and transformation has become an inevitable choice for countries around the world to solve difficulties and achieve sustainable development. As a practitioner of global energy transformation, China is demonstrating its responsibility and leading role and actively contributing to China’s solutions. This article summarizes China’s energy-saving measures, uses cluster analysis to compare China’s energy data with other countries, affirms China’s role in leading the world’s low-carbon wave, and provides suggestions for the energy-saving development of other countries.
Investigating the influence of lithium-ion batteries degradation on the parameters of the electric power storage system
Authors: Bulatov Ramis , Nasyrov Rinat , Burmeyster Maxim
Published: December 2023

This article deals with the use of a battery-based energy storage system (ESS) to ensure the required power output of power plants (PP) based on renewable energy sources (RES) integrated into the electric power system (EPS). A model of a lithium-iron-phosphate battery-based ESS has been developed that takes into account the calendar and cyclic degradation of the batteries, and the limitations of the conversion subsystem. The nominal capacity and power of the ESS is proposed to be chosen based on two levels of tolerances: the preset range of RES-based power output and the relative period of deviation from the committed power. When choosing the ESS parameters, the features of its operation, as well as restrictions on the part of the EPS, were taken into account. The developed method was applied to the EPS model including solar power plants (SPP) and wind power plants (WPP). In the end of the article, the obtained results are analyzed and the effect of the ESS operation on its residual capacity and service life is shown.
Use of Natural Language Processing to Identify Sexual and Reproductive Health Information in Clinical Text
Authors: Harrison Elizabeth I. , Kirkpatrick Laura A. , Harrison Patrick W. , Kazmerski Traci M. , Sogawa Yoshimi , Hochheiser Harry S.
Published: December 2023

Objectives This study aimed to enable clinical researchers without expertise in natural language processing (NLP) to extract and analyze information about sexual and reproductive health (SRH), or other sensitive health topics, from large sets of clinical notes.

Methods (1) We retrieved text from the electronic health record as individual notes. (2) We segmented notes into sentences using one of scispaCy's NLP toolkits. (3) We exported sentences to the labeling application Watchful and annotated subsets of these as relevant or irrelevant to various SRH categories by applying a combination of regular expressions and manual annotation. (4) The labeled sentences served as training data to create machine learning models for classifying text; specifically, we used spaCy's default text classification ensemble, comprising a bag-of-words model and a neural network with attention. (5) We applied each model to unlabeled sentences to identify additional references to SRH with novel relevant vocabulary. We used this information and repeated steps 3 to 5 iteratively until the models identified no new relevant sentences for each topic. Finally, we aggregated the labeled data for analysis.

Results This methodology was applied to 3,663 Child Neurology notes for 971 female patients. Our search focused on six SRH categories. We validated the approach using two subject matter experts, who independently labeled a sample of 400 sentences. Cohen's kappa values were calculated for each category between the reviewers (menstruation: 1, sexual activity: 0.9499, contraception: 0.9887, folic acid: 1, teratogens: 0.8864, pregnancy: 0.9499). After removing the sentences on which reviewers did not agree, we compared the reviewers' labels to those produced via our methodology, again using Cohen's kappa (menstruation: 1, sexual activity: 1, contraception: 0.9885, folic acid: 1, teratogens: 0.9841, pregnancy: 0.9871).

Conclusion Our methodology is reproducible, enables analysis of large amounts of text, and has produced results that are highly comparable to subject matter expert manual review.