bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Nonaqueous Electrolyte on Lithium-Ion Insertion in Nanostructured V2O5
Authors: Wu Jing , Stevenson Keith J. , Yu Wen-Yueh , Flaherty David , Mullins C. Buddie
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Crystal Structure and Physical Properties of Lithium Difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB)
Authors: Allen Joshua L. , Boyle Paul , Henderson W. A.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Synthesis of High Capacity/Rate-Capability Natural Graphites by Granulation for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Jo Yong Nam , Hwang Min Ha , Kim Jeom-Soo , Kim Young-Jun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High Performance Silicon Anode Materials for Next Generation Lithiumim-Ion Batteries
Authors: Loveridge Melanie , Lain Mike , Liu Fengming , Coowar Fazlil , Macklin Bill , Green Mino
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Polyimide Gel Polymer Electrolyte-Nanoencapsulated LiCoO2 for High-Voltage Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Park Jang-Hun , Kim Jong-Soo , Shim Eun-Ki , Lee Yun-Sung , Lee Sang-Young
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Revisiting LiClO4 as an Electrolyte for Rechargeable Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Marom Rotem , Haik Ortal , Halalay Ion C. , Aurbach Doron
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Free Radical Polymerization of Plastic Crystalline Electrolytes: Soft Matter Electrolytes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Patel Monalisa , Bhattacharyya Aninda J.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
All-Solid-State Lithium Secondary Batteries Prepared by Softening Process of Li2S-P2S5 Glass Electrolytes
Authors: Hayashi Akitoshi , Kitaura Hirokazu , Ohtomo Takamasa , Hama Shigenori , Tatsumisago Masahiro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Performance of Nitrile Solvent-Based Li-Ion Electrolytes for High-Voltage Application
Authors: Oh Bookeun , Ofer David , Sriramulu Suresh , Barnett Brian
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Solvent-Assisted Solid-State Synthesis of LiFePO4-C Composite Cathode for the Lithium-Ion Battery with Greatly Enhanced Rate Performance and Cycling Stability
Authors: Rahman Md. Mokhlesur , Wang Jia-Zhao , Wexler David , Liu Hua-Kun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Aqueous Processed Large Format Li-Ion Batteries using LiFePO4 Electrode
Authors: Mamari Monira , Mickelson Paul , Muthu Jacob
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stability of Nanocrystalline LixFePO4
Authors: Tan Hongjin , Cardema Joanna Dodd , Fultz Brent
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
In Situ XAFS Study of LiMn0.6Fe0.4PO4 Cathode Material for Lithium Rechargeable Battery
Authors: Nedoseykina Tatiana I. , Kim Min Gyu , Lee Youngil
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Nano-LiMnPO4 Cathode Material Prepared by Combination Hydrothermal-Wet Mill Processes
Authors: Guerfi Abdelbast , Labrecque Jean-Franc¸ois , Charest Patrick , Zhu Wen , Dontigny Martin , Zaghib Karim
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Carbon-Phosphorous Composite Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries: Performance and Mechanism
Authors: Marino Cyril , Debenedetti Aurore , Lei Yannick , Favier Frederic , Monconduit Laure
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Nanostructured Electrolytic Transition Metal Sulfides as Electrodes for Lithium and Lithium-Ion Power Sources
Authors: Shembel Elena M. , Apostolova Raisa , Kolomoyets Olga
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Effects of Modified Copper Foam Structure Used as Substrate on the Electrochemical Performances of Sn Anode for Li-Ion Battery
Authors: Nam DoHwan , Kim RyoungHee , Kim JeongHan , Kwon Hyuk-Sang
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Carbon Effects of Li[Co0.1Ni0.15Li0.2Mn0.55]O2 Cathode Materials Treated with Coating or Nanocomposite
Authors: Ju Jeong-Hun , Ryu Kwang-Sun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Study of Si-Sn-Ni-Al-C Composites as Negative Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Edfouf Zineb , Cuevas Fermin , Latroche Michel , Georges Cécile , Jordy Christian , Héze`que Thierry , Caillon Georges
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Li-Ion Battery/Cell Manufacturing Cost Comparisons
Authors: Brodd Ralph J.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Lithium-Ion Secondary Batteries for Electric Power Storage
Authors: Haruna Hiroshi , Itoh Shingo , Horiba Tatsuo , Hirasawa Tokiyoshi , Seki Eiji , Kohno Kazushige
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Interfacial Behavior of the Sn0.72[BPO4]0.28 Electrode Material during the First Galvanostatic Discharge
Authors: Conte Donato Ercole , Stievano Lorenzo , Olivier-Fourcade Josette , Jumas Jean-Claude , Willmann Patrick
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Materials and Perovskite-Type Oxide Electrocatalysts for Air Electrodes of Lithium-Air Batteries
Authors: Hayashi Masahiko , Minowa Hironobu , Takahashi Masaya , Shodai Takahisa , Saito Keiichi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Properties of Si Film Electrode Using Ti-Ni Alloy Current Collector
Authors: Kim Bo-min , Cho Gyu-Bong , Noh Jung-pil , Choi Si-young , Jeon Yeong Min , Mun Hyo-jung , Nam Tae-Hyun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Highly Reversible Li Storage in Si-Based Nanowires with the Maximum Capacity
Authors: Kang Kibum , Song Kyung-Se , Lee Hyun-Seung , Kim Gil-Sung , Lee Donghun , Lee Geunhee , Kang Yongmook , Jo Moon-Ho
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Numerical Modeling of Nanostructured Silicon Battery Anodes
Authors: Golmon Stephanie , Maute Kurt , Dunn Martin L. , Lee Sehee
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Wide Bandgap Semiconductors for Electronics, Photonics, and Sensing Applications
Authors: Pearton Stephen J.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Lithium Diffusion in Li4/3Ti5/3O4 Particle during Insertion and Extraction
Authors: Takami Norio , Hoshina Keigo , Inagaki Hiroki
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Studies of Reaction Mechanisms in Nano-Structured Conversion Electrodes Using Magnetic Properties
Authors: Chernova Natasha A. , Zhang Ruigang , Omenya Frederick , Whittingham M. Stanley , Pereira Nathalie , Amatucci Glenn
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Measurement of Mechanical Properties and Stress-Potential Coupling in Lithiated Silicon
Authors: Sethuraman Vijay , Chon Michael , Guduru Pradeep
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Study of SEI Formation in Li-Ion Batteries by Acoustic Emission Technique
Authors: Kircheva Nina , Thivel Pierre-Xavier , Genies Sylvie , Brun-Buisson David , Bultel Yann
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A New Force Field for the LiFePO4/FePO4 System
Authors: Kuss Christian , Liang Guoxian , Schougaard Steen B.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Computational Modeling of Lithium Ion Conduction in Li-Fe-O Systems
Authors: Lau Kah Chun , Chan Maria , Greeley Jeffrey , Curtiss Larry
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Current Dependence of Phase Separation during LiFePO4 Battery Discharge
Authors: Bai Peng , Cogswell Daniel A. , Tian Guangyu , Chen Quanshi , Bazant Martin Z.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Study of the Surface Morphology of Cathode Materials on the Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Kong Youngsun , Cho Sungnim , Bang Sungrok , Jung Sangcheol , Park Bongmo
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A Micro-Mesoscopic Model for Li-Ion Intercalation Batteries
Authors: Pannala Sreekanth , Mukherjee Partha , Allu Srikanth , Nanda Jagjit , Martha Surendra , Dudney Nancy J. , Turner John
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Neutron Imaging LFP Pouch Cells: Spatially Resolved Changes in Lithium Concentration
Authors: Siegel Jason B. , Lin Xinfan , Stefanopoulou Anna , Hussey Daniel , Jacobson David
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical and Thermal Modeling of Reactions for Lithium-Ion Batteries along with Multidimensional Transport
Authors: Shaffer Christian , Sabau Adrian , Pannala Sreekanth , Allu Srikanth , Mukherjee Partha
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Novel Quantenary Ammonium Based Ionic Liquid for Stable, High Capacity Si Nanowire Based Li-Ion Battery
Authors: Chakrapani Vidhya , Rusli Florencia , Filler Michael , Kohl Paul
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Tuning the Electrochemical Applicative Performances of Fluorinated Carbons through the Fluorination Way
Authors: Hamwi André , Dubois Marc , Guérin Katia , Houdayer Axel , Yazami Rachid , El Fawal Ziad
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrospun Nanofibre Based Electrodes for Fuel Cells Applications
Authors: Cavaliere Sara , Subianto Surya , Roziére Jacques , Jones Deborah
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Substituted Phosphonium and Double Charged Cation Based Electrolytes for Nonaqueous Supercapacitors
Authors: Jänes Alar , Kurig Heisi , Lust Enn
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Tri-Continuous Manganese Oxide Electrodes Demonstrating Ultra-High Capacity
Authors: Engstrom Erika L. , Engstrom Allison , Friesen Cody
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Silicon Films as Anode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Wei , Jiang Nan , Wang Chunlei
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Thermodynamic Influence Analysis of Available Fuels and Reforming Methods on SOFC System Efficiency
Authors: Heddrich Marc Philipp , Jahn Matthias , Michaelis Alexander , Reichelt Erik
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Chemical, Electronic and Nanostructure Dynamics on Sr(Ti1-xFex)O3 Thin-Film Surfaces at High Temperatures
Authors: Chen Yan , Jung Woo Chul , Kuru Yener , Kim Jae-Jin , Tuller Harry L. , Yildiz Bilge
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Doped / Undoped Ceria Buffer Layers for Improved LT SOFC Performances with Pr2NiO4+δ Cathode
Authors: Bassat Jean-Marc , Mesguich David , Ferchaud Claire , Zhang-Steenwinkel Ye , Van Berkel Frans , Aymonier Cyril , Watkins Jim , Grenier Jean-Claude
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Development of Highly Robust, Volume-Manufacturable Metal-Supported SOFCs for Operation below 600°
Authors: Leah Robert T. , Bone Adam , Selcuk Ahmet , Corcoran Derek , Lankin Mike , Dehaney-Steven Zachary , Whalen Phil
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Performance Analysis and Development Strategies for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Ivers-Tiffée Ellen , Hayd Jan , Klotz Dino , Leonide André , Weber André
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Durability Performance of Ba(Zr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2)O3−δ as Proton Conducting Electrolyte for Intermediate Temperature SOFCs
Authors: Min SungHwan , Jeon Yu Kwon , Ryu Kwang Hyun , Shul Yong-gun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Influence of Additive Oxides on Electrochemical Performance of Y-Doped SrTiO3 Anode in SOFCs
Authors: Puengjinda Pramote , Muroyama Hiroki , Matsui Toshiaki , Eguchi Koichi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Influence of Anode Thickness on Cell Performance in Internal Reforming Operation of SOFCs
Authors: Lee Yi-Hsuan , Sumi Hirofumi , Muroyama Hiroki , Matsui Toshiaki , Eguchi Koichi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Study of Ga Doped LSCM as an Anode for SOFC
Authors: Ghosh Abhijit , Azad Abul , Irvine John T.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Impedance Studies on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Yttrium-Substituted SrTiO3 Ceramic Anodes
Authors: Ma Qianli , Tietz Frank , Leonide André , Ivers-Tiffée Ellen
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Numerical Simulation of Multi-Channel Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Unit by Integrating Continuum Micro-Scale PEN Sub-Model
Authors: Wang Hongjian , Shi Yixiang , Cai Ningsheng
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Computational Study on Impurities Poisoning and Degradation of an SOFC Anode Based on Density Functional Theory
Authors: Ogura Teppei , Nakao Kazuhide , Ishimoto Takayoshi , Koyama Michihisa
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Covalent Attachment of Half-Sandwich Complexes to Electrode Surfaces
Authors: Barker William
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Reactions of Diarylcarbenium Ion Pools with Benzylsilanes. Single Electron Transfer vs. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
Authors: Suehiro Takafumi , Nokami Toshiki , Yoshida Jun-ichi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Phosphoric Acid-Doped Polyamide as the Ion-Exchange Membranes for Potential Use in Fuel Cells
Authors: Xie Juan , Qiao Jinli , Li Guang
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Comparing Chain Length Effect of Single Chain and Gemini Surfactants on Corrosion Inhibition of Steel in Acid
Authors: Asefi Dourna , Arami Mokhtar , Mahmoodi Niyaz Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Parametric Study of the Early Stages of Graphene Growth on Copper
Authors: Celebi Kemal , Youn Seul Ki , Teo Ken B. , Park Hyung Gyu
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Thermal Properties of Graphene: Applications in Thermal Interface Materials
Authors: Balandin Alexander
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High-k Oxide Growth on III-V Surfaces: Chemical Bonding and MOSFET Performance
Authors: Hinkle Christopher , Brennan Barry , McDonnell Stephen , Milojevic Marko , Sonnet Arif , Zhernokletov Dmitry , Galatage Rohit , Vogel Eric , Wallace Robert
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Structural and Electronic Characterization of Metal-Molecule-Silicon Junctions Produced by Flip Chip Lamination
Authors: Walsh Michael , Coll Mariona , Richter Curt , Hacker Christina
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Studies of a Protic Ionic Liquid for Electrochemical Capacitors
Authors: Ketabi Sanaz , Lian Keryn
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Titania Nanotubes Grown on Titanium Wires and Mesh and Their Photocatalytic and Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Smith York R. , Subramanian Vaidyanathan R.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Comparison of The Performance of LiFePO4 under Various Temperatures and Testing Conditions
Authors: Fournier Alexandre , MacNeil Dean
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrodeposited Platinum Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using 3-(2-Aminoethylamino) Propyl -Methyldimethoxysilane as an Additive
Authors: Lin Che-Yu , Lin Jeng-Yu , Wan Chi Chao , Wei Tzu Chien
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Formation of Nickel-Silicide Selective Emitter by Laser-Induced Annealing for p-Type Solar Cell Application
Authors: Lin Je-Wei , Liu En-Ting , Wang Terry , Chao Tien-Sheng
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrical and Optical Characterization of GaN Film Grown on Patterned Si (111) Substrates
Authors: Lin Kung-Liang , Tran Binh-Tinh , Chang Edward Yi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Design and Fabrication of Polycarbazole Based High Efficiency Solar Cells
Authors: Chu T.-Y. , Alem S. , Wakim S. , Verly P. , Lu J.-P. , Tao Ye
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Spin Injection and Transport in Low Molecular Weight Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Tada Hirokazu
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Performance Improvement of Pentacene-Based Organic Thin-Film Transistor with HfO2 Gate Dielectrics Treated by CF4 Plasma
Authors: Chang Kow-Ming , Huang Sung-Hung , Tseng Yi-Wen
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Status and Future of Electrodeposition Technologies in the Field of Photovoltaic Conversion of Solar Energy
Authors: Lincot Daniel , Chassaing E. , Naghavi N. , Rousset J.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Supercapacitive Properties of Iridium Oxide in Aqueous Electrolytes
Authors: Chen Youjiang , Scherson Daniel
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrodeposition of Catalyst Nanowires on Microporous Substrate for PEMFC
Authors: Sibiude Galdric , Guillet Nicolas , Nores Pondal Federico , Bidan Gérard , Alhoshan Mansour
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Porous Three Dimensionally Ordered Metal Oxides for Energy Related Materials
Authors: Gabriel Tim , Armstrong Mark , Holmes Justin D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Adsorption and Reduction of Metal Complexes on and within Molecular Layers Formed on Metal and Semiconductor Surfaces
Authors: Uosaki Kohei , Masuda Takuya , Fukumitsu Hitoshi , Qu Deyu
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Influence of Electrolyte Composition on the Composition of Ni-Co-Re Alloy Used as Electrocatalytic Material for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Pashova Veselina P. , Mirkova Lidia , Monev Milko
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Kinetics of Metal Deposition via Surface Limited Replacement Reaction
Authors: Gokcen Dincer , Brankovic Stanko R.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Insulin does not stimulate β-alanine transport into human skeletal muscle
Authors: Gonçalves Lívia de Souza , Kratz Caroline , Santos Lívia , Carvalho Victor Henrique , Sales Lucas Peixoto , Nemezio Kleiner , Longobardi Igor , Riani Luiz Augusto , Lima Marcelo Miranda de Oliveira , Saito Tiemi , Fernandes Alan Lins , Rodrigues Joice , James Ruth Margaret , Sale Craig , Gualano Bruno , Geloneze Bruno , de Medeiros Marisa Helena Gennari , Artioli Guilherme Giannini
Published: February 2020

To test whether high circulating insulin concentrations influence the transport of β-alanine into skeletal muscle at either saturating or subsaturating β-alanine concentrations, we conducted two experiments whereby β-alanine and insulin concentrations were controlled. In experiment 1, 12 men received supraphysiological amounts of β-alanine intravenously (0.11 g·kg−1·min−1 for 150 min), with or without insulin infusion. β-Alanine and carnosine were measured in muscle before and 30 min after infusion. Blood samples were taken throughout the infusion protocol for plasma insulin and β-alanine analyses. β-Alanine content in 24-h urine was assessed. In experiment 2, six men ingested typical doses of β-alanine (10 mg/kg) before insulin infusion or no infusion. β-Alanine was assessed in muscle before and 120 min following ingestion. In experiment 1, no differences between conditions were shown for plasma β-alanine, muscle β-alanine, muscle carnosine and urinary β-alanine concentrations (all P > 0.05). In experiment 2, no differences between conditions were shown for plasma β-alanine or muscle β-alanine concentrations (all P > 0.05). Hyperinsulinemia did not increase β-alanine uptake by skeletal muscle cells, neither when substrate concentrations exceed the Vmax of β-alanine transporter TauT nor when it was below saturation. These results suggest that increasing insulin concentration is not necessary to maximize β-alanine transport into muscle following β-alanine intake.
Region-specific effects of HIV-1 Tat on intrinsic electrophysiological properties of pyramidal neurons in mouse prefrontal cortex and hippocampus
Authors: Cirino Thomas J. , Harden Scott W. , McLaughlin Jay P. , Frazier Charles J.
Published: February 2020

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 transactivator of transcription protein (Tat) is a viral protein that promotes transcription of the HIV genome and possesses cell-signaling properties. Long-term exposure of central nervous system (CNS) tissue to HIV-1 Tat is theorized to contribute to HIV-associated neurodegenerative disorder (HAND). In the current study, we sought to directly evaluate the effect of HIV-1 Tat expression on the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of pyramidal neurons located in layer 2/3 of the medial prefrontal cortex and in area CA1 of the hippocampus. Toward that end, we drove Tat expression with doxycycline (100 mg·kg−1·day−1 ip) in inducible Tat (iTat) transgenic mice for 7 days and then performed single-cell electrophysiological studies in acute tissue slices made through the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Control experiments were performed in doxycycline-treated G-tg mice, which retain the tetracycline-sensitive promoter but do not express Tat. Our results indicated that the predominant effects of HIV-1 Tat expression are excitatory in medial prefrontal cortical pyramidal neurons yet inhibitory in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Notably, in these two populations, HIV-1 Tat expression produced differential effects on neuronal gain, membrane time constant, resting membrane potential, and rheobase. Similarly, we also observed distinct effects on action potential kinetics and afterhyperpolarization, as well as on the current-voltage relationship in subthreshold voltage ranges. Collectively, these data provide mechanistic evidence of complex and region-specific changes in neuronal physiology by which HIV-1 Tat protein may promote cognitive deficits associated with HAND.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY We drove expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 transactivator of transcription protein (Tat) protein in inducible Tat (iTat) transgenic mice for 7 days and then examined the effects on the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of pyramidal neurons located in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and in the hippocampus. Our results reveal a variety of specific changes that promote increased intrinsic excitability of layer II/III mPFC pyramidal neurons and decreased intrinsic excitability of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, highlighting both cell type and region-specific effects.
Recovery of locomotion in cats after severe contusion of the low thoracic spinal cord
Authors: Delivet-Mongrain Hugo , Dea Melvin , Gossard Jean-Pierre , Rossignol Serge
Published: February 2020

The recovery of quadrupedal treadmill locomotion after a large bilateral contusion at the low thoracic T10 spinal level and the ability to negotiate obstacles were studied for 5 wk in 16 cats. Ten cats were further completely spinalized at T13 and were found to walk with the hindlimbs within 24–72 h. We conclude that the extent of locomotor recovery after large spinal contusions hinges both on remnant supraspinal pathways and on a spinal pattern generator.
Generalizing movement patterns following shoulder fixation
Authors: Maeda Rodrigo S. , Zdybal Julia M. , Gribble Paul L. , Pruszynski J. Andrew
Published: February 2020

Generalizing newly learned movement patterns beyond the training context is challenging for most motor learning situations. Here we tested whether learning of a new physical property of the arm during self-initiated reaching generalizes to new arm configurations. Human participants performed a single-joint elbow reaching task and/or countered mechanical perturbations that created pure elbow motion with the shoulder joint free to rotate or locked by the manipulandum. With the shoulder free, we found activation of shoulder extensor muscles for pure elbow extension trials, appropriate for countering torques that arise at the shoulder due to forearm rotation. After locking the shoulder joint, we found a partial reduction in shoulder muscle activity, appropriate because locking the shoulder joint cancels the torques that arise at the shoulder due to forearm rotation. In our first three experiments, we tested whether and to what extent this partial reduction in shoulder muscle activity generalizes when reaching in different situations: 1) different initial shoulder orientation, 2) different initial elbow orientation, and 3) different reach distance/speed. We found generalization for the different shoulder orientation and reach distance/speed as measured by a reliable reduction in shoulder activity in these situations but no generalization for the different elbow orientation. In our fourth experiment, we found that generalization is also transferred to feedback control by applying mechanical perturbations and observing reflex responses in a distinct shoulder orientation. These results indicate that partial learning of new intersegmental dynamics is not sufficient for modifying a general internal model of arm dynamics.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here we show that partially learning to reduce shoulder muscle activity following shoulder fixation generalizes to other movement conditions, but it does not generalize globally. These findings suggest that the partial learning of new intersegmental dynamics is not sufficient for modifying a general internal model of the arm’s dynamics.
Posture-dependent neuromuscular contributions to three-dimensional isometric shoulder torque generation
Authors: Leonardis Joshua M. , Alkayyali Amani A. , Lipps David B.
Published: February 2020

This study is the first to identify the muscle synergies underlying three-dimensional isometric shoulder torque generation. Although the overall structure of these synergies was unaffected by arm posture, the weighted contributions of several muscles composing two synergy patterns changed as a function of the elevation or plane of elevation of the shoulder. Our findings provide valuable insight for the development of targeted interventions for the restoration of shoulder function after neuromuscular or orthopedic pathologies.
Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Extracts from Pomelo Peel By-Products under Enzyme and Ultrasound-Assisted Extractions
Authors: Van Hung Pham , Yen Nhi Nguyen Hai , Ting Ling Yu , Lan Phi Nguyen Thi
Published: February 2020

Enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) were popular methods used to extract bioactive compounds from citrus peels, by-products of fruit processing industry. In this study, the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), naringin and hesperidin contents, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts from pomelo peels using the combined enzyme and ultrasound-assisted extraction (E-UAE) or ultrasound and enzyme-assisted extraction (U-EAE) technique were investigated and compared with those extracted using the EAE and UAE. The optimal EAE conditions were as follows: enzyme concentration of 2%, water-solid ratio of 40 ml/g, incubation temperature of 50°C, and extraction time of 60 min, whereas the optimal UAE conditions were ultrasonic energy of 40 kHz, water-solid ratio of 40 ml/g at room temperature, and extraction time of 60 min. The results indicate that the total phenolics, total flavonoids, naringin, and hesperidin contents of the extracts significantly increased in the following order of the extraction techniques: UAE < EAE < U-EAE < E-UAE (p<0.05). The combined E-UAE technique was the most effective technique for bioactive compound extraction with the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The results also indicate that chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts were different depending on the pomelo species.
Effects of Lentinan on Endothelial Cell Activity, Inflammatory Response, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Apoptosis in Sepsis
Authors: Xu Yan , Du Yeping
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to explore the protective effects of lentinan on endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in sepsis endothelial cells. Firstly, lentinan was extracted, purified, and analyzed. When the concentration of lentinan was in the range of 0.04–4 μM, there was no obvious effect on the morphology of HUVECs. When the concentration reached 10 M, the cells were obviously contracted and necrotic. CCK-8 cell activity experiment showed that when the concentration of lentinan reached 4 μM, the cell activity decreased significantly (P<0.001), and it was in a dose-dependent manner. Then, the cells were divided into the control group (0 μM lentinan), sepsis group, sepsis + lentinan 1.2 μM group, and sepsis + lentinan 2 μM group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that lentinan could significantly reduce the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in sepsis endothelial cells (P<0.001). In addition, flow cytometry and TUNEL staining showed that compared with the control group, the apoptosis of cells in the sepsis group increased significantly (P<0.001), and lentinan could inhibit apoptosis (P<0.001). In terms of mechanism research, the mRNA and protein expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein in endothelial cells were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting, respectively. It was found that the expression of SIRT1, the upstream factors of endoplasmic reticulum stress in sepsis cells, was obviously inhibited (P<0.001), and the expression of CHOP, GRP78, IRE1α, and ATF6 was significantly increased (P<0.001), However, the pretreatment of lentinan could significantly reverse the above changes (P<0.001). Besides, lentinan could also reduce the expression of phosphorylated p65 protein (the activation marker of NF-κb) and iNOS. Conclusion. When sepsis occurs, lentinan can protect endothelial cells from ERS inflammation and apoptosis induced by sepsis. Thus, lentinan is expected to be a new target for the treatment of sepsis-induced endothelial damage.
Reevaluating the Mutation Classification in Genetic Studies of Bradycardia Using ACMG/AMP Variant Classification Framework
Authors: Cheng Liting , Li Xiaoyan , Zhao Lin , Wang Zefeng , Zhang Junmeng , Liang Zhuo , Wu Yongquan
Published: February 2020

Purpose. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become more accessible, leading to an increasing number of genetic studies of familial bradycardia being reported. However, most of the variants lack full evaluation. The relationship between genetic factors and bradycardia should be summarized and reevaluated. Methods. We summarized genetic studies published in the PubMed database from 2008/1/1 to 2019/9/1 and used the ACMG/AMP classification framework to analyze related sequence variants. Results. We identified 88 articles, 99 sequence variants, and 34 genes after searching the PubMed database and classified ABCC9, ACTN2, CACNA1C, DES, HCN4, KCNQ1, KCNH2, LMNA, MECP2, LAMP2, NPPA, SCN5A, and TRPM4 as high-priority genes causing familial bradycardia. Most mutated genes have been reported as having multiple clinical manifestations. Conclusions. For patients with familial CCD, 13 high-priority genes are recommended for evaluation. For genetic studies, variants should be carefully evaluated using the ACMG/AMP variant classification framework before publication.
Effectiveness of an Eye‐Cervical Re‐Education Program in Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Pérez-Cabezas Verónica , Ruiz-Molinero Carmen , Jimenez-Rejano Jose Jesús , Chamorro-Moriana Gema , Gonzalez-Medina Gloria , Chillon-Martinez Raquel
Published: February 2020

Objectives. Proprioceptive training is popularly applied as a therapeutic exercise method in physiotherapy. Its effects on pain and range of motion are only poorly evaluated. Therefore, this study assesses the effectiveness of proprioceptive training with an Eye‐Cervical Re‐education Program to decrease pain and increase the joint range in chronic neck pain patients. Material and Methods. Design. A randomized, no‐blinded, controlled clinical trial. Setting. Physiotherapy consultation. Participants. 44 people were divided into two groups. Interventions. All patients were treated with a multimodal physiotherapy intervention. The experimental group was supplemented with an exercise program that included eye‐cervical proprioception. Outcomes. The primary outcomes included pain pressure thresholds (upper trapezius, levator scapulae, and splenius capitis) and cervical range of motion. The secondary outcomes included pain measured by the Visual Analogical Scale and the McGillSpv Questionnaire. Results. The proprioception treatment was effective in reducing the pain pressure threshold in the right upper trapezius (p = 0.001), left upper trapezius (p = 0.014), right levator scapula (p = 0.040), and left splenius capitis (p = 0.021). The increase in the joint range was statistically significant (p < 0.05) in favor of the Eye‐Cervical Re‐education Program for all movements assessed. Conclusions. The Eye‐Cervical Re‐education Program is effective at relieving pain pressure thresholds in the upper trapezius, right levator scapula, and left splenius capitis and especially effective for increasing the cervical range of motion. This trial is registered with NCT03197285 (retrospective registration).
S100A12 in Digestive Diseases and Health: A Scoping Review
Authors: Carvalho Alexandre , Lu Jacky , Francis Jamisha D. , Moore Rebecca E. , Haley Kathryn P. , Doster Ryan S. , Townsend Steven D. , Johnson Jeremiah G. , Damo Steven M. , Gaddy Jennifer A.
Published: February 2020

Calgranulin proteins are an important class of molecules involved in innate immunity. These members of the S100 class of the EF-hand family of calcium-binding proteins have numerous cellular and antimicrobial functions. One protein in particular, S100A12 (also called EN-RAGE or calgranulin C), is highly abundant in neutrophils during acute inflammation and has been implicated in immune regulation. Structure-function analyses reveal that S100A12 has the capacity to bind calcium, zinc, and copper, processes that contribute to nutritional immunity against invading microbial pathogens. S100A12 is a ligand for the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and CD36, which promote cellular and immunological pathways to alter inflammation. We conducted a scoping review of the existing literature to define what is known about the association of S100A12 with digestive disease and health. Results suggest that S100A12 is implicated in gastroenteritis, necrotizing enterocolitis, gastritis, gastric cancer, Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and digestive tract cancers. Together, these results reveal S100A12 is an important molecule broadly associated with the pathogenesis of digestive diseases.
Delayed Chylothorax during Treatment of Follicular Lymphoma with a Malignant Pleural Effusion
Authors: Ekeke Chigozirim N. , Chan Ernest G. , Luketich James D. , Dhupar Rajeev
Published: February 2020

Chylothorax occurs following dysfunction or disruption of the lymphatic drainage along the thoracic duct. Malignant and traumatic causes account for the majority of these occurrences, with lymphoma accounting for 11-37% of chylothoraces. The clinical course of chylothorax may include dehydration, malnutrition, immunosuppression, electrolyte disturbances, infection, and ultimately death. Management of chylothorax is patient-specific and is based on etiology and surgeon experience. Initially, most chyle leaks are managed with nonoperative strategies, such as gut rest, hyperalimentation, and pleural drainage, and, at times, medium-chained fatty acid diet or octreotide, with hopes to decrease chyle production (Zabeck et al. (2011)). High-output chyle leaks following iatrogenic injury or trauma are commonly managed with thoracic duct ligation. Lymphangiography with or without thoracic duct embolization has become increasingly popular and efficacious with the possible benefit of less morbidity (Cope et al. (2002)). We report a case of a 61-year-old male with delayed chylothorax while having an indwelling pleural catheter for malignant pleural effusion during treatment of follicular lymphoma. Percutaneous thoracic duct embolization was attempted but was unsuccessful. Chemotherapy, fluid management, and nutritional support allowed this to resolve over the course of ninety days from diagnosis. We describe the patient’s clinical course and highlight nonoperative management of delayed chylothorax in the setting of follicular lymphoma treatment.
Road Traffic Safety Risk Estimation Method Based on Vehicle Onboard Diagnostic Data
Authors: Cai Xiaoyu , Lei Cailin , Peng Bo , Tang Xiaoyong , Gao Zhigang
Published: February 2020

Currently, research on road traffic safety is mostly focused on traffic safety evaluations based on statistical indices for accidents. There is still a need for in-depth investigation on preaccident identification of safety risks. In this study, the correlations between high-incidence locations for aberrant driving behaviors and locations of road traffic accidents are analyzed based on vehicle OBD data. A road traffic safety risk estimation index system with road traffic safety entropy (RTSE) as the primary index and rapid acceleration frequency, rapid deceleration frequency, rapid turning frequency, speeding frequency, and high-speed neutral coasting frequency as secondary indices is established. A calculation method of RTSE is proposed based on an improved entropy weight method. This method involves three aspects, namely, optimization of the base of the logarithm, processing of zero-value secondary indices, and piecewise calculation of the weight of each index. Additionally, a safety risk level determination method based on two-step clustering (density and k-means clustering) is also proposed, which prevents isolated data points from affecting safety risk classification. A risk classification threshold calculation method is formulated based on k-mean clustering. The results show that high-incidence locations for aberrant driving behaviors are consistent with the locations of traffic accidents. The proposed methods are validated through a case study on four roads in Chongqing with a total length of approximately 38 km. The results show that the road traffic safety trends characterized by road safety entropy and traffic accidents are consistent.
Adsorption of Azo Dye Acid Red 73 onto Rice Wine Lees: Adsorption Kinetics and Isotherms
Authors: Wang Qian , Liang Liping , Xi Fenfen , Tian Gangliang , Mao Qiaole , Meng Xu
Published: February 2020

The adsorption properties of rice wine lees for acid red 73 in aqueous solution were studied in order to explore the recyclability of rice wine lees and to solve the pollution of dye‐contaminated wastewater. Hence, the azo dye acid red 73 was selected as the model pollutant. Effects of parameters including pH, rice wine lees dosage, and initial concentration of acid red 73 on the adsorption activity were investigated to determine the optimal conditions for removal of acid red 73. The experimental results showed that acid red 73 removal by rice wine lees decreased with increasing pH and initial concentration of acid red 73 and increased with increasing rice wine lees dosage. The adsorption reaction was consistent with pseudo‐first‐order kinetic models, and the adsorption process was physisorption. The adsorption isotherm could be described well with the Freundlich equation, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 18.74 mg·g−1.
Overexpression of Sphingosine Kinase‐1 and Sphingosine‐1‐Phosphate Receptor‐3 in Severe Plasmodium falciparum Malaria with Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Viriyavejakul Parnpen , Punsawad Chuchard
Published: February 2020

Pulmonary edema (PE) is a major cause of pulmonary manifestations of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria and is usually associated with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The sphingosine kinase‐1 (SphK‐1)/sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor‐3 (S1PR‐3) pathway has recently been reported to affect the pathogenesis of lung injury, but the expression of these proteins in the lungs of severe P. falciparum malaria patients has not been investigated. The cellular expression of SphK‐1 and S1PR‐3 in lung tissues from autopsied patients with P. falciparum malaria was investigated using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Lung tissues from patients who died of severe P. falciparum malaria were classified into two groups based on histopathological findings: those with PE (18 patients) and those without PE (non‐PE, 19 patients). Ten samples of normal lung tissues were used as the control group. The protein expression levels of SphK‐1 and S1PR‐3 were significantly upregulated in endothelial cells (ECs), alveolar epithelial cells, and alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the lungs of severe P. falciparum malaria patients with PE compared to those in the non‐PE and control groups (all p < 0.001). In addition, the SphK‐1 and S1PR‐3 expression levels were significantly positively correlated in pulmonary ECs (rs = 0.922, p < 0.001), alveolar epithelial cells (rs = 0.995, p < 0.001), and AMs (rs = 0.969, p < 0.001). In conclusion, both the SphK‐1 and S1PR‐3 proteins were overexpressed in the lung tissues of severe P. falciparum malaria patients with PE, suggesting that SphK‐1 and S1PR‐3 mediate the pathogenesis of PE in severe malaria. Targeting the regulation of SphK‐1 and/or S1PR‐3 may be an approach to treat pulmonary complications in severe P. falciparum patients.
Haplotype Analysis of Candidate Genes Involved in Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and the Susceptibility to Preeclampsia
Authors: Chen Aiping , Zhao Huifang , Wang Jingli , Zhang Ru , Liu Jingjing , Zhao Xin , Li Congying , Jia Xuewen , Li Xueying , Lin Yan , Guo Mingzhen , Li Sai , Liu Chao , Li Yuan , Liu Shiguo
Published: February 2020

Unbalanced inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress are inseparably interconnected, and both may play crucial roles in the pathophysiological mechanisms of preeclampsia (PE). In the published previous studies, we have genotyped for SNPs that related to inflammation (rs2227485, rs153109, rs17855750, rs2027432, rs2275913, rs763780, rs4819554, and rs13015714) and oxidative stress (rs1695, rs4680, rs1800566, rs4807542, rs713041, rs7579, rs230813, rs1004467, rs3824755, and rs9932581) to investigate whether these polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to PE in a Chinese Han population. In this present study, we collected these data of experimental and clinical from above studies for haplotype analysis of inflammation-related SNPs in 631 PE patients and 720 normal pregnancy and oxidative stress-related SNPs in 342 PE patients and 457 normal pregnancies for susceptibility to PE. The data of genotype distribution and allele frequency comparisons after correction for multiple comparisons (P/8 or P/10) showed 2 among the 8 candidate inflammation-related SNPs have significant differences (rs2027432 genotype χ2=407.377,p<0.001,p<0.00625). Moreover, the minor alleles of rs2027432 T (minor allele χ2=450.923,p<0.001,p<0.00625;OR=21.439,95%CI=15.181‐30.278) and rs4819554 G (minor allele χ2=163.465,p<0.001,p<0.00625;OR=5.814,95%CI=4.380‐7.719) were confirmed as risk allele of PE, respectively. Our analysis revealed rs2027432 (TT) of NLRP3 and rs4819554 (GG) of IL-17RA are risk factors for PE. However, no significant difference was found at the oxidative stress-related SNPs. In the candidate loci for oxidative stress, we also identified 3 SNP matches (rs4807542 and rs713041, rs230813 and rs75799, rs1004467 and rs3824755) that had high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with each other and were selected as a block (r2=0.98,r2=0.97,r2=0.97,r2>0.9), and the GT and GC haplotypes of rs4807542 and rs713041 in GPX4 showed significant differences between the PE and control groups (χ2=5.143,p=0.0233,p<0.05;χ2=6.373,p=0.0116,p<0.05). So, we inferred that polymorphisms of NLRP3 rs2027432 and IL-17RA rs4819554, which are related to inflammation, and the rs713041 variant of GPX4, which is related to oxidative stress, were associated with susceptibility to PE. The GT and GC haplotypes of rs4807542 and rs713041 in GPX4 may increase the risk of PE in the Chinese Han population.
Anticancer Properties of Different Solvent Extracts of Cucumis melo L. Seeds and Whole Fruit and Their Metabolite Profiling Using HPLC and GC‐MS
Authors: Zhang Xudong , Bai Yuzhuo , Wang Yun , Wang Chunlan , Fu Jianhua , Gao Longlan , Liu Yu , Feng Jingbin , Swamy Mallappa Kumara , Yogi Maddipatla , Rudramurthy Gudepalya Renukaiah , Purushotham Boregowda , Deng Yue
Published: February 2020

Honeydew melon (Cucumis melo L.) is an oval‐shaped delicious fruit of one cultivar group of the muskmelon with immense nutritional importance and is extensively consumed by many tropical countries. The effect of various organic solvents on the recovery of phytochemicals from honeydew melon plant fruits and seeds was assessed. Further, High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to examine and assess the contents of phenolic acid (gallic acid) and flavonoid (rutin) compounds. The use of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis explained the presence of volatile phytocompounds in the extracts. The use of organic solvents had a substantial impact on the total dry weight and extract yield. In general, the solvent‐extracted constituents remained in the order of methanol>chloroform>distilled water for both honeydew melon seeds and whole fruit. 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was used to assess the cytotoxicity effect against PC3, HCT116, HeLa, and Jurkat cell lines. The chloroform extract exhibited a good cytotoxic activity against all cell lines as compared to other solvent extracts. HPLC analysis revealed the occurrence of gallic acid content of 0.102 ± 0.23 mg/10 mg of dry whole fruit extract, while 10 mg of dry seed extract contained only 0.022 ± 0.12 mg of gallic acid content. Likewise, rutin content was observed to be 0.224 ± 0.31 mg and 0.1916 ± 0.82 mg/10 mg of dry whole fruit and seed extract, respectively. Further, GC‐MS analysis revealed the presence of a total of 37 compounds in chloroform extract of whole fruit, while only 14 compounds were found in seed extract. Nevertheless, more examinations are needed to identify and characterize other metabolites from honeydew melon and evaluate their pharmacological importance.
Simultaneous Measurement of In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Displacements Using Talbot Fringe Projection
Authors: Sun Haibin , Liu Tingting
Published: February 2020

The fringe projection technique has been widely used in optical measurements. In this paper, we demonstrate a scheme to measure the 3D displacement of a deformed sample using Talbot fringe projection. In this process, we designed a two-dimensional square Talbot hologram. In this approach, we used the basic principle of triangulation, and a computer-controlled liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LC-SLM) was placed in the optical path. The Talbot array hologram was displayed on the LC-SLM screen and projected onto the surface of a sample. Two patterns were recorded: one before and one after deformation. We simultaneously acquired the in-plane and out-of-plane displacements using the digital image correlation (DIC) method. This scheme is simple and easily implemented. Theoretical and experimental results are presented.
Enhancing Charge Transfer and Photoelectric Characteristics for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Pei Weiwei , Li Yuanzuo
Published: February 2020

The main purpose of this work is to analyze the effect of steric hindrance on the photoelectric performance of three different donor sensitizers (ZHG5, ZHG6, and ZHG7) by molecular theory simulation engineering. Photoelectric physical and photoelectric chemical parameters are investigated by means of frontier molecular orbital, global reactivity descriptors, optical absorption properties, fluorescent lifetime, charge density difference, and influence of external electric field. The results showed that the performance of the quinoxaline sensitizer was deteriorated by gradually increasing the steric hindrance to auxiliary donors. The optical properties of the hybridization of cir-coronene graphene quantum dot (GR) with the three dyes have been revealed, and the results show that graphene quantum dots can indeed improve the optical properties of solar cells. In addition, nine new molecules were designed by inserting six functional groups; it is found that inserting -CN in the acceptor part of the molecular structure is beneficial to the performance of the sensitizer.