bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of the Design of the General Entrance to the Mine Temple at Abu Erteila by Surviving Architectural Details
Authors: Vetokhov Sergey V.
Published: July 2022

The Russian-Italian mission has been conducting archaeological excavations of the temple complex at Abu Erteila (Sudan) since 2009. In recent years, two temples of different sizes have been discovered – the so-called main and small, belonging to the Meroitic period of the Kingdom of Kush.
 The earlier analysis of the architectural details found near the main temple and the comparative analysis of its layout with similar temples of the same period allowed to make its general reconstruction, but there were still open questions about the details of the decoration of the general, internal and lateral passages of the temple.
 Temples built with combined materials (mud brick, fired brick and sandstone), such as the temple at Abu Erteila, have been preserved in a severely damaged state and not all of them have been fully published or reconstructed. Therefore, this reconstruction was mainly based on the sandstone temples, the details of which are better preserved and which have been reconstructed.
 The analysis of the shape, surfaces and plasters of the architectural details allows to ground some of them as belonging to the decoration of the general entrance to the temple and make conjecture about the location on the main (east) facade.
 The general entrance features an architrave above the entrance, ending in a two-tiered cavetto cornice but without a crowning uraeus frieze; the corner elements of the cornice had a vertical rectangular incision, the only known analogue of which decorates the entrance to the lion temple at Musawarat as-Sufra.
Although the ancient builders were guided in the details by sandstone constructions, the use of simpler materials (mud brick and fired brick) may still have imposed restrictions on the choice of decoration elements towards the simpler ones.
Disappointment in Slavery: Late Soviet Egyptology on the Ways of Neopositivism
Authors: Krikh Sergey
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the changes in late Soviet Egyptology, which characterize new features in its development, manifested in the post-war period and developed to the maximum in the 1970s – 1980s. The author believes that the Soviet Egyptological school, which raised itself to the legacy of the school of B.A. Turaev, in fact it was created anew by V.V. Struve, while a feature of its development was the fact that both a formal leader (V.V. Struve himself) and an informal leader (Yu.Ya. Perepyolkin) existed in it. This determined the fact that the revision of views on ancient Egyptian society, which takes place in the late Soviet period, was somewhat different from how there was a change in views on the history of ancient Mesopotamia.Instead of a rather clearly defined conflict of generations in Soviet Assyriology, in Soviet Egyptology, on the contrary, there was a gradual, outwardly conflict-free change of landmarks. Despite the fact that there were attempts at a limited revision of Struve's concept from a general theoretical standpoint (I.A. Stuchevsky), nevertheless, the main line was to establish the cult of working with historical data, which ultimately led to a consistent tendency to abandon the use of modern terms to describe the social reality of ancient Egypt (O.D.Berlev, E.S.Bogoslovsky).From a theoretical point of view, the searches of Soviet Egyptologists were most similar to not fully reflected neopositivism, while further theoretical evolution was hampered by both external circumstances (in the form of Marxist-Leninist ideology) and the aforementioned orientation toward working with particular historical facts.
Vladimir Golenischeff’s Vision of the Egyptian Language in the Light of His Archival Evidence
Authors: Ladynin Ivan
Published: July 2022

The article assesses the scholarly heritage of the founder of the Russian Egyptology Vladimir Golenischeff reflecting his views on the structure and the origin of the Egyptian language. It highlights a few of his archive documents: the structure of the fund in Centre Wladimir Golénischeff (Paris) containing the manuscripts of his treatise on the Egyptian syntax and a paper belonging to it; his letters to the French Egyptologists Étienne Drioton and Gustave Lefebvre of 17 June 1922 and 14 September 1936; fragments of other letters. The contents of these papers is compared to his publications. The points of Golenischeff’s polemics with the Berlin school of Egyptian philology were defined with his reluctance to accept the notion of Pseudopartizip as an analogy of the Semitic perfective and its anteriority to the suffix conjugation, the participial nature of the latter’s stem, the triliterality of Egyptian verbal roots. However, Golenischeff’s position was obviously backed by his own scholarly experience accumulated with years and not with an urge to oppose the Berlin school. This opposition came to be more active at the end of World War I, when the scholar laid the responsibility for the catastrophe in Russia on Germans. The scholar’s views largely depended on his vision of the origin of the Egyptian language: he declined his immediate connection to the Semitic languages and favoured their origin of a common ancestor tongue. A comparison of this vision to the concept of the Afroasiatic languages forwarded in 1960s by Igor Diakonoff shows that Golenischeff was well ahead of his time.
Economy of an Intra-state Armed Conflict: The Case of Syria
Authors: Matveev Igor
Published: July 2022

Contemporary international relations have been witnessing many armed conflicts. As usual, they do not cause dissolution of states due to the factors that include adaptation of economies to extraordinary conditions with common and specific features of country cases. The need of analyzing them to find ways for conflicts’ settlement explains the theoretical importance of the article. Facing the diversity of notions describing conflicts, the author assumes existence of a notion of economy of an intra-state armed conflict (EISAC). Such hypothesis looks new exploiting two groups of arguments based on content analysis and empiric materials accumulated during the author’s stints as a diplomat in Damascus. Firstly, any EISAC has closer links with the conflict itself than the relevant state. It can emerge under scenarios of “failed state” (Somalia), “partially failed state” (Afghanistan, Libya, Yemen), parallel economies (Syria), a formal split of a state (South Sudan), or in more than a country (ISIS). Secondly, Libya, Syria, and Yemen have proved that the EISAC does not mean manipulation with meanings of similar definitions including a wartime militarized economy or a peace-time defense sector (USSR, North Korea) not correlating with the crisis generating economy (Lebanon) or the sanctioned economy (Iraq:1980-2003, Iran). Also, it does not make a hyponym of the economy in a conflict inspired by foreign aggression (Kuwait: 1990-1991). Yet, the scale of damage caused by foreign aggressions could be compared with that resulting from intra-state conflicts. Syria has been chosen as its economy has acquired classical features of the EISAC.
The Historical Novel “Dzanabazar” By Mongolian Author Sengiin Erdene: The Poetics Of The Genre, The Image Of The Hero
Authors: Baldanmaksarova Elizabeth
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the historical novel "Zanabazar" by the Mongolian writer Sengiin Erdene in the aspect of its genre originality and interpretation of the image of the protagonist. Changes in social and political relations in Mongolia since the 1920 th XX century (from the Middle Ages to the New Time) causes a change in consciousness, and after it a new ideology and a new artistic world appear. In the second half of the XX century. The genre of the novel is becoming one of the main forms of the artistic word in Mongolian literature. In the 80th, the positions of the genre of the historical novel were strengthened. An appeal to the genre of the modern novel, to one of the leading non-canonical genres and therefore characterized by dynamism, the ability to combine immutability with change, to embody the most important ideological, political, moral and ethical collisions of the time depicted allow us to consider the concept of man and reality underlying this large epic form. This aesthetic category acquires particular relevance in the genre of the historical novel. The appeal to the aesthetic essence of the historical novel "Zanabazar" by Sengiin Erdene, which exists on the border of two humanitarian systems - history and literature - is of particular interest in clarifying genre boundaries, in defining the "genre movement", genre changes taking place in Mongolian prose at the end of the 20 century.
Israeli Parlamentarism in XXI Century: Electorial Failure or System Crises?
Authors: Karasova Tatiana A.
Published: July 2022

Just within three years Israel experienced four consecutive Knesset electoral campaigns (in April and September 2019; March 2020 and March 2021).  However, neither leader of the permanently ruling since 2009 center-right Likud party Benjamin Netanyahu, no his electoral opponents were able to form in any way stable coalition Government. In fact the electoral campaign during this period due to the uncompromised rivalry between the major party blocs never terminated. In March 2021, at last, the anti-Netanyahu bloc managed to win electionsand form the coalition government.   Such situation that hardly had any precedent in Israeli political history, as well as the obvious deadlock that Israeli political system appeared poses several questions that yet to find their comprehensive answer in the academic literature.   Do we deal with a situational political "glitch", which - exactly as it had happened in the past, could be resolved at some point? Or, on the contrary, do we observe here the systematic crises of the party and political system of this country, which basic foundations were constructed long before the declaration of the State of Israel itself? Finally, considering similar political trends in other Western countries, could we talk about the general crises of the European-style parliamentary democracy model, the one that during the past centuries was believed to be the optimal political structure framework for modern and contemporary ethnic national and civic national states? While analyzing the Israeli experience the authors of this article intend to answer a part of these and related questions.
Not just Institutions: what is behind the change in the tra-jectory of the Turkish economy growth in the second decade of the XXI century
Authors: Ul’chenko Nataliya Yu.
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the factors of Turkey's economic growth slowdown since the beginning of the second decade of the XXI century. And although most often unfavorable trends in the development of the institutional environment are focused on, the reduction in the volume of external financing is probably no less significant. The latter circumstance led to a certain decrease in the rate of investment and noticeable reduction in the level of private consumption.
The slowdown of growth rate can also be considered as a result of Turkey’s start sliding into the "middle income trap". The factor that pre-viously provided growth but is much exhausted by today is not cheap labor force as in many other countries, but easy coming external financing. Its decrease caused a reduction in private consumption below the level that until recently prevented sliding into the "trap". As for the main reasons of external sources shortage investors' distrust of financial stabilization in Turkey due to the lack of the necessary institutions, in particular this one to control the level of the budget deficit and state interference in the operation of market mechanisms, as well as the imprudent, sometimes provocative President Erdogan’s foreign policy should be mentioned. Thus, the slow-down in the Turkish economy is based on a shortage of external capital in-flow, caused in turn by institutional factors. The latter circumstance makes the process of immersion "into the trap" formally reversible.  Still there is a question about the productivity of returning to Turkey’s previous model ofeconomic development.
Research Results of the International Syrian-Russian Underwater-Archaeological Expedition in the Waters of the Tartous Province in the Season 2020-2021.
Authors: Lebedinski Victor
Published: July 2022

In 2020–2021 underwater archaeological research of the Syrian-Russian expedition in the waters of the Tartous province of the Syrian Arab Republic continued. The purpose of the research was the search, survey, fixation and identification of underwater archaeological objects in the water area of Tartous, the islands of Arwad, El Abbas, El Faris, El Phanar and Makrud, the settlement of Kharab Markia. The task is to conduct underwater surveys using modern equipment, survey using a mobile sonar complex of objects identified in the 2019 season. The work was carried out with the involvement of diving teams, as well as a remote-controlled unmanned underwater vehicle “Marlin 350”. Numerous finds (fragments of ceramic and marble vessels, ceramic lids of sarcophagi, basalt shells of a trebuchet metal tool, architectural fragments of basalt) found in the course of work in the water area of Arwad Island are evidence of active trade contacts and the life of the city-state as a transit point for sea trade in different periods of history of this region. Examination of the fragments of fortifications and mooring structures preserved under water in the water area of Arwad Island made it possible to highlight a new direction of the expedition's work: a geographic information system (GIS) was created for the sea area of the Tartous province of the Syrian Arab Republic. Near the settlement of Kharab Markia the remains of an ancient structure were recorded, presumably a fortress tower and a port lighthouse from the Roman period.
“The Kings, my Forefathers”: the Forms in Which Assyrian Royal Inscriptions of 17th–11th CС. BC Tell about Construction Works of the Former Kings and Selective Attitude to Some Rulers of the Past
Authors: Nemirovsky Alexander
Published: July 2022

The paper deals with the reports on construction activities in the inscriptions of Assyrian rulers of the Transitional and Middle Assyrian periods. Such reports often mention previous rulers engaged in the construction works on the same place. In most cases, these reports are shaped in a standard way. However, there are some deviations from this standard pattern, that indicate a special attitude of the ruling king to one or another ruler of the past: 1) the appeal to future rulers to protect the inscriptions of the ruling king can be supplemented with appeal to protect the inscriptions of his certain predecessor as well or includes a reference to such a predecessor; 2) after mentioning a number of predecessors engaged in work on the same object, one of them can be additionally distinguished further (outside of the appeal to future rulers); 3) when describing works on a certain object, another object is unnecessarily mentioned just in order to name some ruler associated with the latter; 4) some predecessor is provided with a laudatory epithet. These methods are applied, on the one hand, to the father of the king who left the inscription, on the other hand, regardless of kinship, to Ashuruballit I (1353–1318 BC) and Ashurnadinahhe II (1390–1381 BC). This fact indicates an advanced reverence for them, associated primarily with the perception of them as the initiators of new stages of successes in foreign policy.
“A Special Form of Making Foreign Policy by the Threat of War to Imperialists”. A Case Study of Military-Political Activity of Central Committee Presidium under N.S. Khrushchev, 1953–1964. Part 2
Authors: Skorospelov Petr P.
Published: July 2022

The results of Khrushchev's foreign policy can be considered, albeit not in everything and even more modest than planned, on the whole quite successful. To resolve the 2nd Berlin crisis (1958–1963), Khrushchev in 1960 reduced the Soviet ground forces by a third, thereby trying to encourage the United States to reduce its military presence in Europe. However, at the Paris Summit of the heads of the 4 powers (1960), due to the active opposition of France and Germany, he failed to push through an agreement on West Berlin on Soviet terms. Mao Zedong, who himself dreamed of leadership among socialist countries after Stalin's death, took advantage of the convenient situation to start a conflict with Moscow. In such an environment, Khrushchev escalated the Berlin crisis by threatening to conclude a peace treaty with the GDR and block Western powers' access to West Berlin (at the same time he conducts command and staff exercises “Storm”, 5–15.10.1961, together with the armies of the ATS countries). He hoped that the United States would not dare to start a war because of West Berlin, and this, in turn, would help to break off Western European states from NATO, showing them that the United States is not a reliable defender for them. His plan partially succeeded: in 1966, France will withdraw from NATO. In order to divert the attention and forces of the United States from West Berlin, the USSR has been actively creating distracting situations around the world since 1961. One of these situations was the Caribbean crisis, which almost led to a nuclear war (1962) and was a heavy defeat for the USSR, which had to fulfill all the conditions of the United States, but in return received Kennedy's promise to remove missile bases from Turkey. It will be possible to remove them only in 1963 in exchange for Turkey's support in its war with Greece over Cyprus. From Iran, due to the harsh Anglo-American pressure on the Shah, the USSR was able to achieve only an obligation not to deploy foreign missiles on its territory, but not to withdraw from the Baghdad Pact, nevertheless, the latter's activities were paralyzed.
Under Brezhnev, despite the rejection of Khrushchev's tactics of nuclear bluff, the main directions and strategic goals of foreign policy remained the same as under Khrushchev: ensuring security on the western and southern borders of the USSR by splitting the opposing military blocs and establishing ties with Western European countries, especially France, improving relations with Turkey, Iran and Pakistan, linking them economically. The program of naval construction and the permanent presence of the Soviet Navy in all oceans, begun in 1959, continued.
Інформаційне забезпечення функціонування політичних інститутів: формування теоретико-методологічного каркасу
Authors: Цікул Ірина
Published: July 2022

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей формування теоретико-методологічного каркасу інформаційного забезпечення функціонування політичних інститутів. У результаті здійсненого аналізу, інформаційне забезпечення функціонування політичних інститутів визначено як один із напрямів політичної комунікації та елемент інформаційної політики одночасно. На думку автора, воно характеризується подвійною природою, оскільки являє собою одночасно і функцію політичної системи, і складову політичного процесу. Інформаційне забезпечення в політичній сфері передбачає використання всіх наявних у розпорядженні каналів комунікації в інтересах реалізації політичної стратегії і вирішення основних завдань. Окрім цього, інформаційне забезпечення формує свого роду «інформаційну подушку», необхідну для підготовки громадськості до сприятливого сприйняття політичного інституту. Разом з цим, незважаючи на наявні теоретичні розробки, сутність інформаційного забезпечення функціонування політичних інститутів залишається мало дослідженою проблемою політичної науки. Ясність наукового розуміння категорії «інформаційне забезпечення функціонування політичного інституту» ускладняється також нечіткістю тлумачення терміну «забезпечення», що визначає зміст інформаційної діяльності суб’єктів.
Новації суспільно-релігійної думки в Україні в першій половині XVII століття
Authors: Шваб Лариса , Токарська Юлія
Published: July 2022

У статті розкрито питання появи нових ідей та змістів в українській суспільно-релігійній думці в першій половині XVII ст., зумовленої змінами, що відбулися в Київській митрополії після укладання унії з Римом. Звойована православна традиція шукала нові прояви в ідеях інтелектуалів, а згодом і в практиці церковного життя. У статті характеризуються найвпливовіші із них: піднесення Руської Церкви до колишнього давньоруського блиску; «Богохранимість» міста «Києва – другого руського Єрусалима», «Києва – серця слов’янського православного світу», як столиці нової спільноти в «Річі Посполитої Народу Руського»; популяризацію генеалогічних легенд руського православного панства, відданих гнаній Православній Церкві; узгодження між теологічними принципами католиків і православних, здійснене Петром Могилою тощо. Тож інтелектуальну релігійну думку початку XVII ст. урухомила пам’ять про «добру старовину», в якій дошукувалися національної ідентичності, покладеної на православну традицію. Кінцевою метою цих інтелектуальних пошуків мало стати піднесення авторитету Православної Церкви та її провідників.
Nursing Activity of the Congregation of the Sisters Servants of the Blessed Virgin Mary of the Immaculate Conception in Eastern Lesser Poland in the Late 19th Century
Authors: Jaworski Piotr , Juśko Paweł
Published: July 2022

In the vast majority of establishments, the relations between the sisters and the local community were correct or good. They were valued for their dedication, modesty, diligence and perseverance. Huge hopes were placed everywhere about their work in nurseries. It was hoped that the orphanage would not only be a place of care for abandoned, neglected and deprived of Christian upbringing children, but also contribute to raising the spiritual level of parishioners. The vast majority of the orphanages were an exemplary example of cooperation between the handmaid sisters and their parents, founders, as well as local clergy and residents. From the very beginning, the sisters gained the respect and trust of the local population. This was evidenced by the large number of children attending nurseries and the help in running the work in various situations. The sisters' first contact with the inhabitants took place right after their arrival or during the blessing of the orphanage. The ceremony was an opportunity to present the sisters, explain the purpose of their activities and present the benefits of the operation of the nursery. It was also supposed to shape a positive image of the sisters among the local population, so that they could perform their duties more effectively and not encounter obstacles on the part of the inhabitants. In the vast majority of establishments, the relations between the sisters and the local community were good or very good. They were valued for their dedication, modesty, hard work and perseverance. It was expected that the orphanage would not only be a place of care for abandoned, neglected and deprived of Christian upbringing children, but also contribute to raising the spiritual level of parishioners. In addition, their duties included caring for the sick, catechizing school children, working with youth associated in associations, and church work. During World War I, orphanages played a special role. In the face of the threat, the orphanage was a place where inhabitants sought shelter, help or just comfort at any time of the day. Risking their lives, the sisters hid priests and other people wanted by the Russian soldiers stationed in the town There is no doubt that their ministry was an expression of responsibility for the fate of the child and, in a broader perspective, for the religious and moral condition of the entire society.
Маніпулятивні впливи як прояви сучасної соціокультурної кризи.
Authors: Макух-Федоркова Іванна
Published: July 2022

В даній статті аналізується дослідження британського журналіста, письменника та телепродюсера Пітера Помаранцева «Це не пропаганда. Подорож на війну проти реальності». Дана праця була опублікована у 2020 році українською мовою і розкриває індустрію маніпулювання думками та інструменти дезінформації в сучасному світі. Автор, який є одним з найвідоміших дослідників постправди і новітніх технологій інформаційного впливу загострює увагу на тому, що сучасна людина живе у реальності спотвореній впливом інформаційно-психологічних атак, фейкових новин, таргетованої реклами, в оточенні величезної кількості інформації, яка не приносить суттєвих переваг, а дезінформуючи вводить в оману і посилює глибоку культурну кризу. Завдяки соціальним медіа та інформаційним технологіям ведуться приховані інформаційні кампанії, які можуть посилювати дестабілізацію економіки будь-якої країни чи сіяти хаос втручаючись в політичні процеси, як демократичних, так і авторитарних режимів. Сучасний світ наповнив реальність інформаційним хаосом, в якому зникає цінність правди і фактів, більше того дослідник зазначає, що існує принципова відмінність поняття пропаганди в епоху постправди. Адже метою класичної пропаганди в усі часи було переконати людей у чомусь, змусити їх діяти певним чином чи активізувати певну діяльність. В сучасній дійсності пропаганда працює не для того, щоб переконати, а просто підірвати довіру, посилити пасивні настрої, апатію, тривожність та посіяти серед людей повну зневіру. Книга наповнена фактичним матеріалом і цікавими прикладами, підсилює інтерес і те, що аналізуючи теперішню дійсність автор розкриває мемуарні історії своєї родини, тим самим робить порівняльний аналіз подій минулого ХХ століття та вибудовує своє бачення майбутнього.
Українське місто як соціокультурний феномен і об’єкт управління.
Authors: Скорейко Ганна , Яценюк Фадей
Published: July 2022

Як справедливо зауважила Валентина Шандра, українська історіографія дещо запізнюється із вивченням міста ХІХ століття. Саме тому сьогодні особливо важливо відзначити поповнення вітчизняної історичної науки ґрунтовним дослідженням Сергія Добржанського «Міське управління Правобережної України, Галичини і Буковини». Автором проведено комплексне вивчення управлінських практик міст українських земель, які пережили розквіт і занепад часів Русі-Гардарики та польсько-литовського періоду, набули європейського досвіду розбудови міського життя згідно норм і вимог магдебурзького права, але з кінця ХVІІІ ст. опинилися в складі Російської імперії та Габсбурзькій монархії, де їм були нав’язані інші моделі розвитку. Тому особливо цікаво простежити, як у другій половині ХІХ ст. поступово вирівнюються цивілізаційні норми і підходи до міського управління, незважаючи на різні політичні системи, де на перше місце виходили ефективні рішення щодо комплексу економічних, соціальних та культурних сфер у житті міст.
The US Foreign Policy towards Eastern Europe: State of the Field
Authors: Kozachuk Oleh , Vasilescu Grigore
Published: July 2022

The US foreign policy towards Eastern European countries, especially those that are members of the Eastern Partnership, is poorly understood. Therefore, the analysis of recent works (monographs and scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals) is necessary to write further research and increase Washington’s interest in the region. This paper aims to familiarize scholars with recent researches and help them evaluate the existing scholarship in the field. A systematic approach was used to filter the publications in the field. After 2014, very few scientific publications focused on the role and place of the United States concerning Eastern Europe. The most significant publications are singled out, the conclusions and summary of researches are offered for acquaintance. It is concluded that scholars do not widely cover the US policy towards Europe and individual states in Eastern Europe. We assume that more researches are being done in this area, but they are not published in peer-reviewed journals.
Forms of Cooperation Between the Polish Security Service and the State Security Committee of the Soviet Union on the Ukrainian Issue (1956–1989)
Authors: Słabig Arkadiusz
Published: July 2022

Due to its international aspect, the Ukrainian issue became the subject of cooperation between the Security Service (SB) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MSW) of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) and the State Security Committee (KGB) of the Soviet Union. Cooperation involved counterintelligence services, departments to destroy the political opposition and the so-called ideological and political subversion, and departments controlling religious life. In the first half of the 1970s, the Management of Special Departments of the KGB at the Northern Group of Soviet Forces (in Poland) also took part in special operations against Ukrainians. The design of joint operational activities as well as the exchange of views and information was facilitated by working meetings organized in capital cities and at border crossings. One of the first documented meetings on the Ukrainian question after the period of the political “thaw” was held in May 1958, and the last, most likely at the turn of 1988 and 1989, in Minsk, Belarus. The basic areas of cooperation include: surveillance and disintegration of Ukrainian emigration (mainly rival factions of the nationalist movement), prosecuting Ukrainian war criminals and collaborators who avoided responsibility, surveillance of Ukrainian citizens of the Polish People’s Republic suspected of carrying out “nationalist activities”, signaling threats to the security of the state generated by Ukrainian population as well as standard completion and verification of archival materials concerning the controlled persons. The operational activities of the secret services of Poland and the Soviet Union required the involvement of so-called personal information sources, i.e. secret collaborators. They were Polish and Soviet citizens of Ukrainian nationality, with numerous relatives and friends in Poland, the Soviet Union and Western countries. This allowed them to cross state borders, despite restrictive passport regulations. The Security Service recruited them to cooperate by threatening with imprisonment, embarrassment, and dismissal from work or studies. Support was also offered in finding a job or a flat, and it was also possible to renew contacts with relatives abroad. These were effective tools for manipulating agents.
Energy Harvesting from Close Type Footwear: A Smart Design Approach
Authors:   Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Hazaribagh, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh, Hossain Md. Alamgir , Abdulla-Al-Mamun Md. ,   Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Hazaribagh, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh, Paul Adhir Chandra ,   Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh
Published: July 2022

The mechanical energy harvesting from human body, particularly from the feet, is an alternative process for acquiring potential electricity. Human body weight-pressure produces mechanical energy during walking and running. In this study, a special type of footwear was designed by inserting piezoelectric transducer (PZT) under the heel area to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The experiment has been conducted with a circuit comprising of bridge rectifier, capacitor, and a DC-DC converter with an external output connection. It has been found that the AC voltage maximum is 43 V. When the AC voltage was converted to continuous DC, it was found the voltage decreased drastically. The highest generated energy has been found to be 317.52 mJ for two hours (8000 steps per day). Our special type of shoe and circuit design have demonstrated the feasibility of harvesting the mechanical energy into the electrical energy from piezoelectric materials.
An Emotional Ecology of Pigeons in Early Modern England and America
Authors: Morgan John Emrys
Published: July 2022

This article explores the feelings English people had about, and with, pigeons in early modern England and America. In so doing, the paper uses the concept of an emotional ecology, an understanding of emotion that is situated in a web of relations with other creatures and things. To do this, the paper outlines the context of everyday interactions with pigeons in England and uses these contexts to explore how rural tenants felt about the pigeons in their midst. Hungry, fecund and gregarious, pigeons cut a divisive figure in the English landscape. Legal sanction and customary practice marked them as privileged while a wide range of other potential agricultural pests were enthusiastically suppressed. We then look at how settler colonists experienced an abundance of American pigeons, particularly the Passenger Pigeon which would be hunted to extinction in the nineteenth century. Together, this story provides an example of how environments, culture and emotions are mutually, if not equally, constitutive.
Summer, Sun and SAD in Early Modern England
Authors: Meredith Tayler
Published: July 2022

Utilising a corpus of popular health regimens, including Robert Burton's magnum opus The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), this article takes account of the climatic conditions that shaped contemporary understandings of emotional cycles, with specific reference to sunlight. As such, this article moves beyond previous histories of sunlight that have cast it as a purely material force, and contributes an entangled environmental, embodied and emotional history of sunlight in early modern England. England's interest in climate, I argue, was less characterised by chronic malaise than by a complex matrix of passions and affections. From the dog days of summer when choler ran high, to the dark, melancholy evenings of midwinter, the English climate bred a cycle of competing passions. Such a cycle is indicative of a much more complex relationship between seasons and emotions than is reflected in the existing historiography. Rather than producing a fluctuating cycle of different moods because of an essential biological link between seasons and feelings, the early modern climate produced a range of affects that were contingent upon how people understood weather, climate, sunlight and their influences.
Pengaruh Persepsi Kualitas, Electronic Word of Mouth, dan Country of Origin Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Smartphone Merek Samsung
Authors: Purba Febri Adi , Susilowati Ika
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh variabel persepsi kualitas,electronic word of mouth, dan country of origin terhadap keputusan pembelian smartphone merek Samsung pada Mahasiswa Universitas Putra Bangsa Kebumen. Teknik pegambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden, dengan salah satu kriteria pernah membeli dan menggunakan smartphone merek Samsung dalam kurun waktu 2017-2022. Alat analisis statistik dalam penelitian ini adalah software SPSS versi 25, dengan beberapa uji yang dilakukan seperti: Uji instrumen, Uji asumsi klasik, Analisis regresi linier berganda,Uji hipotesis, dan analisis koefisien determinasi. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, semua variabel lolos Uji instrumen dan lolos Uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa variabel persepsi kualitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, variabel electronic word of mouth tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel keputusan pembelian, dan variabel country of origin berpengruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Sedangkan secara simultan, ketiga variabel X secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel keputusan pembelian.
Determinan Nilai Perusahaan dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Intervening Perusahaan Properti dan Real Estate Periode 2018-2020
Authors: Fatmiyanti Ani , Astuti Susi
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh likuiditas dan pertumbuhan perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel intervening. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sub sektor properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2018-2020 sebanyak 64 perusahaan. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 20 perusahaan selama 3 tahun sehingga sampel diperoleh sebanyak 60 dengan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis jalur dengan program SPSS versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan likuiditas (CR) berpengaruh positif terhadap profitabilitas (ROA), pertumbuhan perusahaan (TAG) berpengaruh positif terhadap profitabilitas (ROA), likuiditas (CR) tidak berpengaruh negatif terhadap nilai perusahaan (PBV), pertumbuhan perusahaan (TAG) berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan (PBV), profitabilitas (ROA) berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan (PBV), profitabilitas mampu memediasi pengaruh likuiditas terhadap nilai perusahaan, dan profitabilitas tidak mampu memediasi pengaruh pertumbuhan perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan.
MODIFIKASI KOLAM OLAK TIPE AMBANG BERGIGI DALAM RANGKA REHABILITASI KERUSAKAN BENDUNG CIKEUSIK DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Zulfan, ST., MSc James , Rakhmawati Tsani , Rimawan Ririn , Samskerta I Putu , Lestari Slamet
Published: July 2022

The presence of hydraulic jumps downstream of the weir structure is a natural occurrence that indicates a change in supercritical to subcritical flow characteristics. Hydraulic jump is one indicator of the dissipation of energy in the stilling basin. Therefore, the absence of a hydraulic jump can be a problem for some weirs, as happened in the Cikeusik Weir, which experienced damage to the stilling pool floor so that the energy dissipation did not function optimally. This paper will discuss the potential causes of damage to the Cikeusik weir and alternative designs for its countermeasures. A physical model test was carried out in the laboratory with a scale of 1: 40 to obtain an appropriate alternative to the stilling pond design for the Cikeusik weir. The tests were carried out with variations in the discharge Q2 years, Q25 years, and Q100 years, respectively. Three model tests were conducted, namely the existing and two modified designs. Based on the model testing results, extending stilling basin floor length with a dentated end sill and adding downstream riprap is the most optimal alternative because it has an energy reduction effectiveness of up to 80% and the lowest downstream scour potential compared to other options. The results of this test are expected not only to be used as an alternative to mitigate the damage to the Cikeusik weir but also to other locations that have similar problems. Keywords : Cikeusik Weir, stilling basin, Froude number, local scour, physical model
What Factors Determine the Production of Independent Smallholder Oil Palm?
Authors: Yanita Mirawati , Suandi
Published: July 2022

Oil palm is the most efficient crop in producing oil than other crops, such as soybean, rapeseed, and sunflower.  However, the oil palm plantation of independent smallholders faced low productivity in terms of input used.  This study aims to determine the production factors that influence independent oil palm smallholders in Kumpeh Sub-district, Muaro Jambi District. This research was conducted in three villages in Kumpeh, namely Mekarsari, Betung, and Seponjen. Samples consisted of 63 smallholders and were taken using the Simple Random Sampling method. The data were analyzed descriptively and subjected to statistical tests of multiple linear regression analysis. The results show an R2 of 0.888, indicating that the model variables can explain 88.8 percent of the oil palm production variation. The F test resulted in a value of 115.299, showing that the production variables together have a real effect on production. Partially, the independent variables that have a real and significant impact on oil palm production at a realistic level (α) of 5 percent are land area, fertilizer, and pesticides. At the same time, labor does not significantly affect palm oil production.
Development of reflective abilities of students – future primary school teachers
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Mazilov Vladimir A. , Slepko Yuriy N. ,   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Kostrigin Artem A. ,   Kosygin Russian State University
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The problem of the development of reflexive abilities in the process of professional training of a teacher is relevant in view of the formation of the student's subjective position as one of the significant results of learning at a university. Of particular research interest is the study of the influence of the development of professional intelligence on the reflective abilities of students – future elementary school teachers. The purpose of the article is to assess the impact of the process of vocational training on the development of reflective and cognitive abilities of students – future primary school teachers. Materials and methods. The sample of the study consisted of 104 students of the Pedagogical University studying in the field of "Primary Education". Reflective abilities were assessed by the test of reflection of V.D. Shadrikov, S.S. Kurginyan. Intellectual abilities were measured using R. Amthauer intelligence structure test. The data were analyzed by methods of primary descriptive statistics, non-parametric U-Mann-Whitney comparison test, linear and rank correlation methods of r-Pearson and r-Spearman. The results of the study. The partial nature of the development of the parameters of reflection of activity has been established, which is manifested in the fact that different tasks of vocational training require the intensification of individual reflexive abilities. The beginning of vocational training (1st year) is associated with a more intense reflection of motivation and goal setting, which is explained by the need to correlate expectations with the real conditions of study at a university; inclusion in a long and intensive pedagogical practice (3rd year) actualizes the reflection of the subject and subjective conditions of activity, as well as ways to solve pedagogical situations. A contradiction was found between the growth in the level of intellectual abilities during the learning process and the decrease in the reflection of educational and professional activities – about 80% of significant correlations between the parameters of intelligence and reflection are negative. This indicates both the specifics of the professional training of a primary school teacher and the need to reduce the volume of reproductive work in the process of educational and professional activities. Conclusion. The results of the study are of great practical importance for organizing and improving the process of professional training of students – future primary school teachers. The strategy for the formation of reflexive abilities should be non-linear, taking into account not only the individual characteristics of the student, but also the specifics of the tasks solved at different stages of professional training.
ІННОВАЦІЙНА ПОЛІТИКА УКРАЇНИ У ПІСЛЯВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД
Authors: Яцкевич Інна
Published: July 2022

У роботі зазначено, що інноваційна політика України є основою перспективної економічної політики та найважливішим інструментом реалізації інвестиційного спрямування держави у повоєнний період. Визначено, що інноваційна політика держави у повоєнний період – це комплексна реалізація стратегічних пріоритетів інноваційного відновлення та розвитку економіки країни у секторах та регіонах, збалансованого з інтелектуальним потенціалом та виробничими ресурсами регіонів на базі знань та інновацій. Досліджено глобальний інноваційний індекс України за 2019-2022 рр., який довів, що інноваційний розвиток України у повоєнний період, сприяє форсуванню нових й креативних ідей, які матимуть вирішальне значення для забезпечення економічного зростання країни, відновлення інфраструктури та можуть бути конкурентоспроможними на світовому рівні. У роботі визначено мета державної інноваційної політики, цілі, напрями й зміст інвестиційної стратегії у повоєнний період. Визначено роль і цілі Національного фонду досліджень України відповідно до інноваційної політики у повоєнний період та його взаємодію з вищими навчальними закладами й ініціативними особами «з креативним мисленням» / новаторами. У роботі обґрунтовано, що у повоєнний період розвиток підприємницької діяльності у різних регіонах України буде нерівномірним, що сприяє створенню інноваційних кластерів, з урахуванням потенціалу регіону.
Caracterización silvícola de poblaciones naturales de Bursera linanoe en los estados de Oaxaca, Puebla y Guerrero
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Centro de Investigación Regional Pacífico Sur., Castellanos-Bolaños Juan Francisco , Gómez-Cárdenas Martín ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Centro de Investigación Regional Pacífico Centro.
Published: July 2022

The linaloe tree (Bursera linanoe) is a timber species with high ecological and economical importance. It grows at some specificsites of the tropical deciduos forest of south and central Mexico. The objective of the study was to determine timber stocks, evaluatenatural regeneration and develop mathematical models to estimate wood volume in linaloe trees (Bursera linanoe), in threelocations representative of its natural range in Mexico: San Juan de los Cués, Oaxaca; Chiautla de Tapia, Puebla and Xalitla,Guerrero. In each of the localities, a plot of 25 hectares of tropical deciduous forest was delimited. A field survey was carried outcovering a total sampling area of 33,000 m², through the inspection of 66 circular-shaped sampling sites, each with an area of 500m2, and distributed systematically. In order to generate mathematical models for the estimation of wood volumes, a sample size of80 trees was calculated, which meant an average of 10 trees for each of the categories between 5 cm and 40 cm of diameter atbreast height and a range of heights from 2 m to 8 m. The results showed, respectively, for San Juan de los Cués, Chiautla de Tapiaand Xalitla, the following data: 44, 45 and 36 trees per hectare; 4.1, 1.3 and 1.8 average stems per tree; average basal areas of0.8827 m²·ha-1, 0.9626 m²·ha-¹ and 2.3141 m²·ha-¹; and a square diameter of 16 cm, 17 cm and 30 cm. As for the regeneration onlyin Chiautla de Tapia were counted 21 trees per hectare, in the other two localities there was no regeneration. The model generatedto calculate the total volume per tree was: 0.000074 DN1.7861 H1.3832, from which the timber stocks of 11.19 m³·ha-¹ werecalculated; 10.41 m³·ha-¹ and 23.38 m³·ha-¹. It is concluded that the populations of linaloe in the study areas are reduced, naturalregeneration practically does not exist, the standing wood stocks are reduced.
Rompimiento de la latencia física en semillas de Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb: efecto combinado del tratamiento de escarificación y medio de crecimiento
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales., Botello Montoya Adrian , Alanís Rodríguez Eduardo , Sigala-Rodrígue José Ángel ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias., Gonzáles Tagle Marco Aurelio , Treviño Garza Eduardo Javier , Ruiz Carranza Luis Daniel
Published: July 2022

The combined effect of scarification treatment and the growing medium on the germination and emergence parameters ofEnterolobiumcyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb seeds was evaluated under nursery conditions in the state of Michoacán, Mexico. A fullfactorial experiment was designed with three scarification treatments: 1) mechanical (breaking of the testa with tweezers), 2)thermal (immersion in boiling water for 10 min), and 3) control (without scarification), combined with three growing media: 1)potting mix (peat moss, perlite, vermiculite; 50-25-25), 2) aerobic compost, and 3) bush soil. The results of the study confirm thatscarification, mechanical or thermal, is effective in breaking the physical dormancy of E.cyclocarpum seeds; although, mechanicalscarification promotes higher emergence speed of the seedlings. While growing medium did not significantly affect the seedemergence parameters, we found that thermal scarification combined with bush soil induced a marginally higher emergencepercentage. The study contributes to the knowledge of the real efficiency of pre-germination treatments in E.cyclocarpum seedsunder different cultivation conditions in the nursery.