bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valuing maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health for societal progress – Going beyond the economic orthodoxy of gross domestic product
Authors: Meka Kiran , Jacob Chandni M. , Modi Neena , Bustreo Flavia , Di Renzo Gian Carlo , Malamitsi‐Puchner Ariadne , Briana Despina , Iaia Domenico G. , Fogstad Helga , Tamvada Jagannadha P. , Moreno Ivan Ochoa , Hanson Mark
Published: January 2023

Aim

In view of the long‐standing recognition that gross domestic product (GDP) does not capture the unremunerated work largely conducted by women upon which societal well‐being depends, to discuss the implications for GDP of maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (MNCAH), and its influences on health, well‐being and prosperity across the life course and across generations.

Methods

A wide‐ranging discussion of the informal think‐tank The Venice Forum was held over two days, with inputs from invited experts in person and online.

Results

There was consensus that a strong case could be made for inclusion of unremunerated work largely conducted by women as a positive contribution to GDP in view of its impact on future health and prosperity, and conversely exclusion from GDP of outputs from industries which harm health.

Conclusion

Taken with the current challenges from COVID, climate change and conflict, there is a compelling need to redefine economic progress through equitable models and metrics that incorporate short‐/medium‐/long‐term societal value of activities that improve MNCAH.
Brucella suisin three dogs: presentation, diagnosis and clinical management
Authors: Kneipp CC , Rose AM , Robson J , Malik R , Deutscher AT , Wiethoelter AK , Mor SM
Published: January 2023

Brucella suisis an emerging, zoonotic disease predominantly affecting dogs and humans that engage in feral pig hunting in Australia and other countries. AlthoughB. suisinfection in dogs shares some clinical similarities to the host‐adapted species (B. canis),B. suisremains an incompletely understood pathogen in dogs with limited published data on its pathogenesis and clinical features. This case series describes the presentations, diagnosis, and clinical management ofB. suisinfection in three dogs: (1) a bitch with dystocia, abortion and mastitis; (2) an entire male dog with septic arthritis and presumptive osteomyelitis; and (3) a castrated male dog with lymphadenitis. Unique features of these cases are reported including the first documented detection ofB. suisfrom milk and isolation from lymph nodes of canine patients, as well as the follow‐up of pups born to aB. suis‐infected bitch. Consistent with previous reports, all three dogs showed a favourable clinical response to combination antibiotic therapy with rifampicin and doxycycline. Individually tailored drug regimens were required based on the clinical presentation and other factors, including owner expectations and compliance with therapy as well as a zoonotic risk assessment (generally considered low, except around time of whelping). The authors include their recommendations for the clinical management of dogs that are at‐risk or seropositive forB. suiswith or without clinical signs or laboratory‐confirmed infection.
Early learning attainments of children of naturalized citizens of refugee backgrounds in the sub‐Saharan region: Evidence from Tanzania
Authors: Ndijuye Laurent Gabriel
Published: January 2023

Research has consistently indicated that children of naturalized citizens from refugee backgrounds lag in most indicators of development. The disparities are more nuanced in contexts with limited educational resources, such as the sub‐Saharan region of Africa. However, that is not the case with children of naturalized citizens from refugee backgrounds of Burundian origin living in Tanzania. The early learning attainment of these children is comparable to children from more advantaged urban majority groups. In this article, I discuss the role of the home learning environment and families' socioeconomic status in children's development of early math and reading skills by linking global and local perspectives. Challenges facing children from this group in Tanzania include issues related to curriculum, cultural practices and parental beliefs, mastery of Kiswahili, and the quality of teachers in the early grades. In light of the evidence, I argue for improvements in learning experiences and recommend research to inform policy and improve practice.
Finding Hierarchical Structure in Binary Sequences: Evidence from Lindenmayer Grammar Learning
Authors: Schmid Samuel , Saddy Douglas , Franck Julie
Published: January 2023

In this article, we explore the extraction of recursive nested structure in the processing of binary sequences. Our aim was to determine whether humans learn the higher‐order regularities of a highly simplified input where only sequential‐order information marks the hierarchical structure. To this end, we implemented a sequence generated by the Fibonacci grammar in a serial reaction time task. This deterministic grammar generates aperiodic but self‐similar sequences. The combination of these two properties allowed us to evaluate hierarchical learning while controlling for the use of low‐level strategies like detecting recurring patterns. The deterministic aspect of the grammar allowed us to predict precisely which points in the sequence should be subject to anticipation. Results showed that participants’ pattern of anticipation could not be accounted for by “flat” statistical learning processes and was consistent with them anticipating upcoming points based on hierarchical assumptions. We also found that participants were sensitive to the structure constituency, suggesting that they organized the signal into embedded constituents. We hypothesized that the participants built this structure by merging recursively deterministic transitions.
Medical assistance in dying and the trust of faith
Authors: Merrill Childs James
Published: January 2023

The ethical discussion of end‐of‐life decisions has been with us for some time. This article focuses specifically on medically assisted dying. Representative secular, professional, and faith‐based ethical arguments for and against it are briefly reviewed. With respect for the contributions of that ethical discourse, the article sees the decision for aid in dying as a spiritual matter of the trust and freedom of faith in the loving, intimate presence of the Triune God with us in the incarnate Christ, and his union with the Father and the Spirit.
Coexistence: Citizenship and Democracy in Dialogue
Authors: El Halabi Elias
Published: January 2023

This article will explore the constituting elements of Christian–Muslim coexistence and their impact on the ongoing discourse on obstacles facing citizenship and democracy in multireligious societies. Coexistence is a living concept that acquires its constituents from the challenges and opportunities of the dialogue of life. It opens new paths for the ongoing discourse about equality and democracy in states with diverse religious groups. It offers an opportunity to go beyond the duality of self and other or minorities and majorities and fosters a dialogical relationship that transcends the concept of vested interests to the common welfare. Moving from equality to partnership brings the added value of religious and confessional differences in the service of shaping a very genuine and renewed social contract based on the principles of equality, participation, and dignity. This article focuses on Lebanon since it has been always perceived as a natural laboratory for interfaith encounters because of the particular multi‐confessional nature of the country.
Delayed light‐curing of dual‐cure bulk‐fill composites on internal adaptation and depth of cure
Authors: Rissato Lucas Dutra , Fraga May Anny Alves , Gonçalves Michelly Pires , Sinhoreti Mario Alexandre Coelho , Correr‐Sobrinho Lourenço , Correr Américo Bortolazzo
Published: January 2023

Objective

To evaluate the effect of delayed light‐curing of dual‐cure bulk‐fill composites on internal adaptation and microhardness (KHN) in depth.

Materials and Methods

Bulk‐fill composites were placed in 35 box‐shaped preparations and cured according to the following protocols (n = 5): Filtek Bulk‐Fill light‐cured immediately after insertion (FBF); Bulk‐EZ light‐cured immediately after insertion (BEZ‐I); Bulk‐EZ light‐cured 90 s after insertion (BEZ‐DP); Bulk‐EZ self‐cured (BEZ‐SC); HyperFIL light‐cured immediately after insertion (HF‐I); HyperFIL light‐cured 90 s after insertion (HF‐DP); HyperFIL self‐cured (HF‐SC). After 24 h, the samples were axially sectioned, and the internal adaptation was evaluated using replicas under a scanning electron microscope. The KHN was evaluated at six depths (0.3 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, and 5 mm). The statistical analysis was performed using α = 0.05.

Results

The KHN significantly decreased with depth, except in self‐curing mode, when it was similar at all depths. Delayed light‐curing significantly increased the KHN at higher depths. The internal adaptation was material‐dependent. Light‐curing did not influence the internal adaptation of HyperFIL, whereas delayed light‐curing significantly reduced the internal gaps (%) of Bulk‐EZ.

Conclusion

Delayed light‐curing improved the depth of cure of dual‐cure resin composites. Light‐curing did not influence the internal adaptation of HyperFIL, but delayed light‐curing improved the internal adaptation of Bulk‐EZ.

Clinical Significance

Light‐curing is fundamental for improving the mechanical properties of dual‐cure resin composites. Moreover, depending on the dual‐cure resin composite, the delay in light‐curing can reduce the internal gaps.
Ferric derisomaltose for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia with postpartum hemorrhage: Results of a single‐arm, open‐label, phase 3 study in Japan
Authors: Sugimura Motoi , Ohtani Yasuyoshi , Tamai Soichiro , Kishimoto Umi , Ito Naoki
Published: January 2023

Aim

Single‐arm, open‐label, phase 3 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ferric derisomaltose (FDI) for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in Japanese women with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).

Methods

Postpartum women aged 20–39 years with serum ferritin <25.0 ng/ml, hemoglobin (Hb) <10.0 g/dl, and blood loss ≥500 ml within 24 h post‐delivery were eligible to receive high‐dose intravenous FDI. The primary endpoint was the maximum change in Hb concentration by Week 8. Key secondary endpoints included change in iron parameters and percentage of patients with a total Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score (EPDS) ≥9. Safety assessments included treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and iron concentrations in maternal milk.

Results

All (n = 21 [100.0%]) patients received the predetermined total iron dose by Day 8. Hb concentrations increased rapidly and significantly (p < 0.001) following FDI. Serum ferritin levels also increased rapidly and were maintained near or above the upper limit of normal reference value (250 ng/ml). Following FDI, two (9.5%) patients had a total EPDS score of ≥9. TEAEs occurred in 23 of 42 (54.8%) patients and neonates overall, including 18 of 21 (85.7%) patients and 5 of 21 (23.8%) neonates. TEAEs were mild in all adult patients and four neonates, and moderate in one neonate. Iron concentrations in maternal milk remained within normal reference values. Appropriate patient selection and patient‐adjusted dosage selection facilitated safe and effective administration of high‐dose (≥1000 mg) FDI.

Conclusions

Rapid and sustained improvements in Hb and iron stores occurred following FDI for IDA with PPH, with no new safety signals identified.

Clinical trial identifier: JapicCTI‐194888.
Prospecting quantitative trait loci for maydis leaf blight (MLB) resistance using a population of teosinte‐introgressed maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) and in silico identification of candidate MLB resistance genes
Authors: Joshi Anjali , Adhikari Sneha , Singh Narendra Kumar , Jaiswal Jai Prakash , Pant Usha , Singh Rajesh Pratap , Pandey Dinesh
Published: January 2023

Maydis leaf blight (MLB) is an important fungal disease of maize causing yield losses of the magnitude of 38 to 46% worldwide. Present investigation aimed to identify stable and reliable MLB‐resistant QTLs and introgression maize lines to facilitate their utilization in future MLB resistance breeding programmes. For this purpose, 169 backcross inbred lines (BILs), derived using teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) as one parent, were grown in randomized block design with two replications in two environments. The lines were phenotyped and genotyped to identify the resistant QTLs by single marker analysis (SMA) method. Also, twenty‐five most resistant and twenty‐five most susceptible lines were selected in order to mimic bidirectional selective genotyping to identify MLB‐resistant QTLs by trait‐based (SGTB) and marker‐based (SGMB) approach. Six and five MLB resistance QTLs were identified in S1 and S2, respectively, by SMA method, while twelve and eight MLB‐resistant QTLs were detected by SGTB and SGMB approach, respectively. A total of fifteen MLB resistance QTLs identified by either SMA, SGTB or SGMB co‐localized with forty‐two QTLs affecting eleven morphological traits in maize. Out of the MLB resistance QTLs detected in both S1 and S2 by SMA, two QTLs linked to marker umc2392 and umc1393 were stable. Four QTLs linked to marker umc1869, umc1720, umc1428 and umc1393 were detected by all three methods and were reliable. A total of 23 genes exhibiting response to fungal pathogens were identified by means of in silico analysis, and these may be validated further so as to be used in future maize improvement programmes.
Cognitive colonialism: Nationality bias in Brazilian academic philosophy
Authors: Seabra Murilo Rocha , Prendergast Luke , de Andrade Antunes Gabriel Silveira , Tolton Laura
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the results of an experiment designed to test for nationality bias among members of the Brazilian philosophical community. Faculty members and postgraduate students from philosophy departments at seven Brazilian universities evaluated texts attributed to authors of European and Latin American nationalities. Results showed a clear preference for French nationality over Brazilian. They were inconclusive, however, when contrasting other Latin American nationalities with European nationalities, which likely relates to the academic background of the participants. These overall results support the claim that Brazilian academic philosophers are highly critical of Brazilians who produce theories of their own. The paper calls on philosophers to carefully consider the ways in which Eurocentrism impacts their very ability to reason.
ZTL regulates thermomorphogenesis through TOC1 and PRR5
Authors: Seo Dain , Park Jeonghyang , Park Jeeyoon , Hwang Geonhee , Seo Pil Joon , Oh Eunkyoo
Published: January 2023

Plants adapt to high temperature stresses through thermomorphogenesis, a process that includes stem elongation and hyponastic leaf growth. Thermomorphogenesis is gated by the circadian clock through two evening‐expressed clock components, TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION1 (TOC1) and PSEUDO‐RESPONSE REGULATORS5 (PRR5). These proteins directly interact with and inhibit PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4), a basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor that promotes thermoresponsive growth. PIF4‐mediated thermoresponsive growth is positively regulated by ZEITLUPE (ZTL), a central clock component, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this are poorly understood. Here, we show that ZTL regulates thermoresponsive growth through TOC1 and PRR5. Genetic analyses reveal that ZTL regulates PIF4 activity as well as PIF4 expression. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ztl mutants exhibit highly accumulated TOC1 and PRR5 and unresponsive expression of PIF4 target genes under exposure to high temperatures. Mutations in TOC1 and PRR5 restore thermoactivation of PIF4 target genes and thermoresponsive growth in ztl mutants. We also show that the molecular chaperone heat‐shock protein 90 promotes thermoresponsive growth through the ZTL‐TOC1/PRR5 signaling module. Further, we show that ZTL protein stability is increased at high temperatures. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ZTL‐mediated degradation of TOC1 and PRR5 enhances the sensitivity of hypocotyl growth to high temperatures.
Elevated serum total IgE is associated with eczema exacerbation in children hospitalized for atopic dermatitis
Authors: Atwal Sanmeet , Ong Peck Y.
Published: January 2023

Background/Objectives

Atopic dermatitis (AD) can be a debilitating skin condition, often leading to hospitalization due to severe AD exacerbations or infectious complications. As both AD exacerbations and infectious complications can present similarly, it can be difficult to distinguish the two conditions. Thus, we aimed to evaluate if there is any difference in serum IgE levels in children with AD who were hospitalized for AD exacerbation and for AD‐associated infectious complications.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was performed on hospitalized children with AD exacerbations and AD‐associated infectious complications over a 17‐year span. Data including length of stay, primary diagnosis, systemic antibiotics, laboratory, and bacterial culture results were collected. Serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were adjusted by age. Age, length of stay, total IgE levels, and age‐adjusted IgE levels were compared using t‐test. Logistic regression was used for age‐adjusted IgE levels.

Results

The mean serum total IgE level in subjects with AD exacerbation was 9603 ± 15,873 kU/L, which was significantly higher than that of subjects with infectious complications at 3167 ± 5486 kU/L (p = .029). Logistic regression revealed that subjects with an age‐adjusted IgE of >4 had more than 3‐fold odds of having AD exacerbation than infectious complications.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that total IgE levels are higher in children who were hospitalized for AD exacerbation than those with AD‐associated infectious complications.
Role of line junctions in expert object recognition: The case of musical notation
Authors: Cho Felix Tze‐Hei , Tan Cheng Yong , Wong Yetta Kwailing
Published: January 2023

Line junctions are well‐known to be important for real‐world object recognition, and sensitivity to line junctions is enhanced with perceptual experience with an object category. However, it remains unclear whether these very simple visual features are involved in expert object representations at the neural level, and if yes, at what level(s) they are involved. In this EEG study, 31 music reading experts and 31 novices performed a one‐back task with intact musical notation, musical notation with line junctions removed and pseudo‐letters. We observed more separable neural representations of musical notation from pseudo‐letter for experts than for novices when line junctions were present and during 180–280 ms after stimulus onset. Also, the presence of line junctions was better decoded in experts than in novices during 320–580 ms, and the decoding accuracy in this time window predicted the behavioral recognition advantage of musical notation when line junctions were present. These suggest that, with perceptual expertise, line junctions are more involved in category selective representation of objects, and are more explicitly represented in later stages of processing to support expert recognition performance.
Donor sex, pre‐donation hemoglobin, and manufacturing affect CD71+cells in red cell concentrates
Authors: Li Wenhui , William Nishaka , Acker Jason P.
Published: January 2023

Background

Circulating CD71+ red blood cells (RBCs) have been reported to play an immunomodulatory role in vivo, which may contribute to adverse donor–recipient sex‐mismatched transfusion outcomes. However, it is not clear how CD71+ RBC quantity in red cell concentrates (RCCs) is affected by manufacturing methods and donor factors such as donor sex, donor age, pre‐donation hemoglobin (Hb), venous Hb (Hbv) levels, and donation frequency.

Methods

We determined CD71+ RBCs and Hb levels in whole blood (WB) from healthy donors (42 male/38 female). Using small‐scale red cell filtration (RCF) and whole blood filtration (WBF) methods, leukoreduced RCCs were processed from WB samples (n = 6) and the CD71+ RBCs were determined at days 1, 7, and 28. We examined uni‐ and multivariate associations among CD71+ RBCs, donor factors, and manufacturing method.

Results

Male donors had a higher CD71+ RBC concentration than females (p < .001), especially male donors aged 17–50 years with 1 or 2 WB donations over the previous 12 months. Donors with a Hbv above 155 g/L had a higher CD71+ RBC concentration than an Hbv level below 140 g/L (p < .05). There was a positive correlation between pre‐donation Hb and CD71+ RBC concentration (Pearson r = 0.41). WBF RCCs had a higher total number of CD71+ RBCs than RCF‐produced RCCs on day 1 (p < .05).

Discussion

RCCs have variable numbers of CD71+ RBCs. This makes understanding the impact of donor factors and manufacturing methods on the immunomodulatory effect of CD71+ RBCs critical in exploring donor–recipient sex‐mismatched transfusions.
El valor de mercado en las entidades de gobierno en Colombia. Resultados de la transición
Authors: Díaz Jiménez Michael Andrés , Patiño Jacinto Ruth Alejandra , Sandoval Alarcón Julián David , Quintanilla Ortiz Diego Alexander
Published: January 2023

La investigación examina la aplicación del valor de mercado en las entidades de gobierno en Colombia y algunas problemáticas asociadas; para esto, se realizó un estudio de caso. En el presente documento se muestran los resultados de una revisión de la literatura relacionada con las críticas a las mediciones, utilizando el valor razonable y el valor de mercado en las entidades de gobierno. Posteriormente, se examinan los principales impactos financieros por la aplicación del valor de mercado como alternativa de medición en la entidad objeto de estudio, complementando con una entrevista semiestructurada a funcionarios involucrados en el proceso para establecer la percepción sobre el criterio de medición. Producto de lo anterior se evidencia que la medición a valor de mercado, en la entidad de estudio, puede resultar adecuado para obtener información actualizada y de utilidad, especialmente para el proceso de rendición de cuentas; sin embargo, podría ser riesgoso al tratar de vincular este criterio de valoración en contextos de no mercado, afectando la transparencia y confiabilidad de la información contable.
De la etnografía al teatro: caminos metodológicos de una performance-investigación colaborativa con cosecheros/as de yerba mate de Misiones (Argentina)
Authors: Roa María Luz
Published: January 2023

En este artículo, indago los aportes de las metodologías de performance-investigación colaborativas en la producción escénica de y desde la ruralidad latinoamericana. Para ello, presento los caminos que nos condujeron de una investigación socioantropológica al teatro etnográfico. Estos aportes se enmarcaron en mi investigación doctoral referente a las subjetividades de cosecherxs rurales, desde la cual experimenté una forma híbrida de hacer y transmitir el conocimiento de las ciencias sociales, en la que se conjugaban escrituras científicas y una obra de teatro etnográfico titulada Carne oscura y triste. ¿Qué hay en ti? realizada por Grupo de Investigaciones Etnográfico-Tea- trales, que se presentó en las comunidades donde se realizó la investigación. A partir de este caso, me pregunto por modos de investigar interculturalmente con comunidades agrícolas de y desde las artes y las ciencias, que fomentan una espiral que se inicia con la indagación socioantropológica en la praxis social, para pasar luego a la indagación artístico-conceptual performática y científica, y retornar, finalmente, a una nueva praxis social y estética que po- sibilitaría micropolíticas transformadoras en contextos de estigmatización so- cial. Así pues, se presenta una performance-investigación colaborativa en que el teatro etnográfico resultó una forma cristalizada del proceso investigativo, que tensiona las lógicas del conocimiento y arte occidental, y desde el cual no solo se comunican los resultados de la ciencia, sino que se ensaya un modo de transmisión de un conocimiento sociocultural encarnado.
Las canciones de la Asociación Nacional de Usuarios Campesinos y la producción musical del campesino costeño durante la reforma agraria
Authors: Merchán de las Salas Fabián Alberto
Published: January 2023

Como parte de un homenaje a Máximo Jiménez, recientemente fallecido, músico compositor miembro de la Asociación Nacional de Usuarios Campesinos (ANUC) y líder social comprometido, recurro a mi propia práctica artística acompañándolo en la caja vallenata para reconocer en sus canciones y producciones musicales un discurso cantado en música vallenata de resistencia y denuncia de condiciones sociales de abuso contra el campesinado que son opuestas al discurso tradicional que reproducía este género. Parto de contextualizar las condiciones sociales y económicas de la Costa Caribe desde mediados del siglo XX para evidenciar un escenario precapitalista (feudalista-esclavista) alrededor de plantaciones y haciendas, desde donde hago un reconocimiento a la función de la ANUC visibilizando esta situación, denunciando el abuso de los hacendados y la complicidad, cuando no ausencia, de los Gobiernos, para dar paso a la reconstrucción de la memoria colectiva a través de la investigación-acción participativa (IAP), con Orlando Fals Borda, que realimenta la práctica artística del campesinado de la ANUC. Dentro de esta variada producción artística, seleccioné el álbum El indio del Sinú de Máximo Jiménez para develar su carácter conceptual, indagar sus canciones, considerar los criterios y las categorías del análisis crítico del discurso, estudiar la carátula y su contenido simbólico, y resaltar la importancia de esta producción en la misión de la ANUC de la devolución sistémica del conocimiento a la comunidad. Concluyo reconociendo desde una entrevista a Víctor Negrete y algunas estadísticas sobre reparación el reconocimiento estatal del abuso de las élites en la Costa Caribe y la persecución que sufrieron los miembros de la ANUC, el propio Máximo Jiménez y su familia por elevar estas denuncias, en este caso, en sus canciones vallenatas.
El teatro campesino de Víctor Zavala Cataño: construcción del campesino, agencia, saber y acción política
Authors: Causillas Fonseca Tirso José
Published: January 2023

Este artículo explora la construcción del campesino en El cargador, de Víctor Zavala Cataño, la misma que forma parte de su libro Teatro campesino. A partir de la conocida idea de que el teatro campesino pone al campesino en el centro por primera vez en la historia de la dramaturgia peruana, analizaré cómo es construida esta representación. Para estos fines, el artículo explora análisis previos, entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a artistas escénicos y análisis de pieza. A partir de lo anterior, se propone que la representación del campesino en el contexto que nos ocupa persiste en construirlo como una víctima sin agencia, más específicamente, como aquel que desconoce su condición y no puede articular su malestar en una acción de cambio, lo que colabora con una matriz tutelar y paternalista que lo pone en la posición de un “otro”. Asimismo, el teatro campesino ignora las manifestaciones teatrales presentes en la fiesta andina y las representa como ajenas e inútiles para los campesinos y cargadores, a pesar de que estas pueden ser leídas como el espacio por excelencia de la teatralidad andina en el Perú. Asimismo, se explorará la relación entre campesino y universidad propuesta por El cargador en que la segunda es presentada como poseedora del saber político necesario para la acción política campesina. De forma exploratoria, empezamos a pensar el teatro campesino como un fenómeno urbano y universitario.
Territorios rurales en la canción: resonancias autobiográficas
Authors: Osorio Pérez Flor Edilma
Published: January 2023

Este artículo recoge algunas reflexiones en torno a la pregunta de cómo la canción se ha manifestado sobre los territorios rurales colombianos. Las respuestas las he recogido de las resonancias autobiográficas que esas canciones han dejado a lo largo del tiempo en mi memoria. Ello significa contar con los límites e intereses derivados de mi experiencia personal, tanto en mi vida académica como investigadora y docente en contextos y problemas rurales como en mi vida personal marcada por profundos afectos hacia el campo y el disfrute del arte, sin formación ni ejercicio de este. Sin pretensiones exhaustivas, el artículo busca poner en diálogo exploratorio esos tres intereses (el campo y sus pobladores, mi experiencia académica y la canción) referido a dos mundos rurales: los territorios rurales del olvido y los territorios rurales en medio de la guerra. Los primeros son aquellos que viven la violencia estructural y cultural que se concreta en el empobrecimiento, la exclusión y el desprecio, manifestaciones encubiertas que suelen pasar desapercibidas. Los segundos, que hacen parte de los primeros, han sufrido, además, los profundos e irreversibles impactos del conflicto armado. Mientras en estos últimos diversas expresiones artísticas están aportando su fuerza creativa para representar y narrar lo inenarrable, los primeros siguen situados en los márgenes de las artes. De ahí la invitación para que las artes amplíen su mirada a esos territorios del olvido, que incluye la causa ambiental.
Excitation mechanism and application of continuous-order mode for one-dimensional thickness vibration
Authors: Hu Qing , Xu Yanfeng
Published: January 2023

The main method to expand the operating bandwidth of the transducer is by exciting multi-order vibration modes, which develop from the earliest excitation of odd-order modes to the excitation of multi-order continuous modes. However, no detailed theoretical characterization of the excitation mechanism and electroacoustic properties of continuous-order modes has been given. In this paper, the excitation mechanism of continuous-order modes for one-dimensional thickness vibration is studied in detail. From the perspective of analytical characterization, the mathematical and physical conditions of mode excitation are analyzed and extended to continuous-order modes. Partial 1–3 piezocomposite consists of two parts; one part is complete lead zirconate-titanate and the other part is 1–3 composite, which is helpful for exciting continuous-order modes. Based on the excitation mechanism of continuous-order modes, a design method of broadband transducer used of partial 1–3 piezocomposite is proposed, and large bandwidth and good pulse response are obtained. The excitation mechanism of continuous-order modes proposed in this paper provides an idea for the theoretical analysis and design of multi-resonant broadband transducers.
Priming Effects of Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on the Effects of Conventional Physiotherapy on Balance and Muscle Performance in Athletes With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors: Tohidirad Zeinab , Ehsani Fatemeh , Bagheri Rasool , Jaberzadeh Shapour
Published: January 2023

Context: In athletes, postural control impairment and knee muscle dysfunction are the most common disorders following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Because of functional changes in the motor cortex following ACL injury, physiotherapy (PT) is not enough for treatment and using neuromodulators, such as trans-cranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be necessary. The present study focused on the effects of anodal tDCS (a-tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) concurrent with PT on postural control and muscular performance in the athletes with ACL injury. Design: In this study, 34 athletes with ACL injury were randomly assigned in 2 groups of intervention group (active M1 a-tDCS concurrent with PT, n = 16) and control group (sham M1 a-tDCS concurrent with PT, n = 16). Methods: The participants of all groups received 20-minute 2 mA M1 a-tDCS with PT during 10 sessions, while tDCS was turned off after 30 seconds in the sham group. Before, immediately following, and 1 month after the interventions, the center of pressure and the average of power of flexor and extensor muscles at 2 velocities of 30°/s and 60°/s were measured by force plate and isokinetic devices, respectively. Results: One month after treatment, the displacement of center of pressure was decreased in the intervention group (P < .05), while there were no changes in the control group. Y-axis of center of pressure decreased in the intervention group relative to the control group, although average of power of flexor and extensor muscles increased immediately in both groups, but the rise in the intervention group was larger than that in the control group (P < .05). Conclusion: The findings indicated that M1 a-tDCS can induce the efficacy of PT, which has a lasting effect on the improvement of the postural control in athletes with ACL injury.
Phenotype–environment mismatch errors enhance lifetime fitness in wild red squirrels
Authors: Petrullo Lauren , Boutin Stan , Lane Jeffrey E. , McAdam Andrew G. , Dantzer Ben
Published: January 2023

Mismatches between an organism’s phenotype and its environment can result in short-term fitness costs. Here, we show that some phenotype
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environment mismatch errors can be explained by asymmetrical costs of different types of errors in wild red squirrels. Mothers that mistakenly increased reproductive effort when signals of an upcoming food pulse were absent were more likely to correctly increase effort when a food pulse did occur. However, mothers that failed to increase effort when cues of an upcoming food pulse were present suffered lifetime fitness costs that could only be offset through food supplementation. In fluctuating environments, such phenotype
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environment mismatches may therefore reflect a bias to overestimate environmental cues and avoid making the costliest error, ultimately enhancing lifetime fitness.
Pirates and politics
Pirate Enlightenment, or the Real Libertalia
David Graeber
Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2023. 208 pp.
Authors: Dua Jatin
Published: January 2023

An anthropologist argues that experimental communities in Madagascar influenced the European Enlightenment
In Science Journals
Authors: Vignieri Sacha , Hines Pamela J. , Szuromi Phil , Osborne Ian S. , Smith Keith T. , Hallberg Dorothy L. , Wong Wei , Hurtley Stella M. , Kelly Priscilla N. , Jiang Di , Nusinovich Yevgeniya , Yeston Jake , Olingy Claire
Published: January 2023

Highlights from the
Science
family of journals
Now in charge, House Republicans ramp up probes
Authors: Mervis Jeffrey , Cohen Jon
Published: January 2023

New investigative panels will delve into pandemic origins and research ties with China
Spatial Spreading of the Condensate of Magnetoexcitons in a Quantum Hall Insulator
Authors: Gorbunov A. V. , Larionov A. V. , Kulik L. V. , Timofeev V. B.
Published: January 2023

The spatial spreading of a dense ensemble of spin cyclotron magnetoexcitons in a quantum Hall insulator at the filling factor ν = 2 is visualized using an optical system with a high aperture ratio. It is found that nondiffusive propagation over macroscopic distances is characteristic not only of excitons with a momentum on the order of the reciprocal magnetic length, which form a coherent condensate of magnetoexcitons, but also of excitons with very low momenta. The nondiffusive propagation of magnetoexciton condensates in real space is accompanied by a huge threshold increase in the amplitude of light reflection from excitations. The possible explanations of the observed behavior are discussed.
Planning and Learning in Multi-Agent Path Finding
Authors: Yakovlev K. S. , Andreychuk A. A. , Skrynnik A. A. , Panov A. I.
Published: January 2023

Multi-agent path finding arises, on the one hand, in numerous applied areas. A classical example is automated warehouses with a large number of mobile goods-sorting robots operating simultaneously. On the other hand, for this problem, there are no universal solution methods that simultaneously satisfy numerous (often contradictory) requirements. Examples of such criteria are a guarantee of finding optimal solutions, high-speed operation, the possibility of operation in partially observable environments, etc. This paper provides a survey of modern methods for multi-agent path finding. Special attention is given to various settings of the problem. The differences and between learnable and nonlearnable solution methods and their applicability are discussed. Experimental programming environments necessary for implementing learnable approaches are analyzed separately.
Severe aortic stenosis management in heart valve centres compared with primary/secondary care centres
Authors: Rudolph Tanja K , Messika-Zeitoun David , Frey Norbert , Lutz Matthias , Krapf Laura , Passefort Stephanie , Fryearson John , Simpson Helen , Mortensen Kai , Rehse Sebastian , Tiroke Andreas , Dodos Fotini , Mies Florian , Deutsch Cornelia , Kurucova Jana , Thoenes Martin , Bramlage Peter , Steeds Richard Paul
Published: January 2023

Objective

Current guidelines recommend use of heart valve centres (HVCs) to deliver optimal quality of care for patients with valve disease but there is no evidence to support this. The hypothesis of this study is that patient care with severe aortic stenosis (AS) will differ in HVCs compared with satellite centres. We aimed to compare the treatment of patients with AS at HVCs (tertiary care hospitals with full access to AS interventions) to satellites (hospitals without such access).

Methods

IMPULSE enhancedis a European, observational, prospective registry enrolling consecutive patients with newly diagnosed severe AS at four HVCs and 10 satellites. Clinical characteristics, interventions performed and outcomes up to 1 year by site-type were examined.

Results

Among 790 patients, 594 were recruited in HVCs and 196 in satellites. At baseline, patients in HVCs had more severe valve disease (higher peak aortic velocity (4.3 vs 4.1 m/s; p=0.008)) and greater comorbidity (coronary artery disease (CAD) (44% vs 27%; p<0.001) prior myocardial infarction (MI) (11% vs 5.1%; p=0.011) and chronic pulmonary disease (17% vs 8.9%; p=0.007)) than those presenting in satellites. An aortic valve replacement was performed more often by month 3 in HVCs than satellites in the overall population (52.6% of vs 31.3%; p<0.001) and in symptomatic patients (66.7% vs 43.2%, p<0.001). One-year survival rate was higher for patients in HVCs than satellites (HR2.19; 95% CI 1.28 to 3.73 total population and 2.89 (95%CI 1.64 to 5.11) for symptomatic patients.

Conclusions

Our data support the implementation of referral pathways that direct patients to HVCs performing both surgery and transcatheter interventions.

Trial registration number

NCT03112629.
Thermal and electrical transport conductivities of novel ordered double two-dimensional MXenes via density functional theory
Authors: Omugbe E. , Osafile O.E. , Nenuwe N.O. , Enaibe E.A. , Elemike E.E.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we examined the effects of transition metal replacement and ordering in 2D M3C2O2 MXene on the electronic structure and thermal and electrical conductivities using the density functional theory and also Boltzmann’s transport theory within the constant relaxation time approximation. We derived the following oxygen-functionalized ordered double-metal MXenes Ti2YC2O2, Y2TiC2O2, Sc2YC2O2, and Y2ScC2O2 through the surface and sub-layer tuning. The results revealed that the ordered MXenes give rise to different electronic structure and transport properties. The electronic thermal conductivities obtained in terms of the relaxation time increase with increase in absolute temperature, while the electrical conductivities decrease with increase in temperature. The respective transport properties of Y2TiC2O2 and Sc2YC2O2 were found to be enhanced due to the increased squared band velocity, density of state, and low Seebeck coefficient compared to Ti2YC2O2 and Y2ScC2O2 MXenes. Generally, the MXene materials investigated in this work were found to possess metallic properties with the existence of energy overlap around the Fermi level. The computed formation energies support chemical stability in all the materials.
Dwarfism in a Seba’s short-tailed bat, Carollia perspicillata, with comments on its flight aerodynamics
Authors: Carneiro Lucas , Mellado Breno , Monteiro Leandro R. , Nogueira Marcelo R.
Published: January 2023

We describe the first known case of disproportionate dwarfism in bats. The specimen is an adult male Seba’s short-tailed bat, Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), captured in a ground-level mist net during a survey in a lowland Atlantic Forest area in southeastern Brazil. Examination of the specimen skull showed craniofacial anomalies, including microdontia in the upper incisors, oligodontia in the third upper molars, fusion of the nasal septum and the left ventral nasal concha, and a narrower foramen magnum. Post-cranial changes were mainly related to shortened radius, tibia, and metacarpals, compared to the reference sample in multivariate space. Given its unusual morphology with short wings and average body mass, the dwarf would have higher wing loading, fly faster, require more power to fly, and have a shorter flight range compared to the species pattern. Because it presented good body condition and reached adulthood, possible mechanisms of functional compensation are discussed.
Mechanism analysis of double helical balance drum to improve axial force of multistage pump
Authors: Qian Chen , Yang Li Huan , Qi Zhi Peng , Yang Cong Xin , Niu Chen Hui
Published: January 2023

In the case of high pressure, the size of the multistage pump axial force sometimes reaches hundreds of tons, the seriousness of the problem generated by excessive axial force has surpassed the efficiency, wear and other factors, and has become a decisive factor in the stable operation of multistage pumps. In this paper, the 11-stage double-case multistage pump is taken as the research object. On the basis of studying the clearance internal flow mechanism, according to the pressure difference equation of axial motion of clearance fluid, the main factors affecting the balance force of the balance drum are analyzed, and a new type of balance drum — “double helical balance drum” is proposed, which is compared with the smooth balance drum in the hydraulic performance and axial force performance. The research shows that with the increase of the axial displacement of the balance clearance, the pressure drop between the clearances decreases linearly. Compared with the smooth balance drum, the pressure drop at the inlet and outlet of the helical balance drum is 1.30 times that of the smooth balance drum under the design flow rate condition, the mean velocity, mean velocity curl and velocity coefficient of the double helical balance drum increase, indicating that adding double helix can increase the dynamic pressure ratio of clearance fluid. In addition, the test results show that the head and efficiency of the double helical balance drum of multistage pump is increased by 0.76% and 1.1%, respectively, compared with the smooth balance drum, and the vibration amplitude of the front and rear bearing is reduced by 3.36%, 0.76% and 1.75% on average along the axial, radial and tangential direction. In addition, the temperature of the front and rear bearing is reduced by 3.1% and 8.7%, respectively, indicating that the double helical balance drum can effectively improve the hydraulic performance and axial force performance of the multistage pump at design operating point. The results of the study can provide reference for the long-cycle stable operation of multistage pumps and the optimization of balance drum design.
Highly efficient three-wave mixing via vortex light in a three-level quantum system
Authors: Mehdinejad Ali
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we have discussed the enhanced three-wave mixing (TWM) nonlinear optical processing in a three-level symmetry broken three-level quantum system. The quantum system interacts with three drivel laser fields out of which two are weak probes and generated signal beams and one of them is strong coupling light. We have shown that due to symmetry broken of quantum system the nonlinear sum frequency generation leads to TWM. By adjusting the different system parameters, the efficiency of TWM mechanism can be improved. Moreover, we have found when the strong coupling light becomes optical vortex light, the efficiency of TWM depends on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) light. Our proposed model may be having useful applications in nonlinear spectroscopy based on OAM.
Multi-Objective Cluster Head-Based Energy-Aware Routing Protocol using Hybrid Woodpecker and Flamingo Search Optimization Algorithm for Internet of Things Environment
Authors: Arivubrakan P. , Kanagachidambaresan G. R.
Published: January 2023

Internet of Things (IoT) plays a vital role in the world of Internet and integrates computing devices. The digital machines provide unique identifiers. The capacity to send data through the network using a better path is one of the capabilities of digital machines. IoT generates huge data based on fast aggregation data and processes these data efficiently. In this paper, a multi-objective hybrid woodpecker and flamingo search optimization algorithm is proposed for finding optimum Cluster Head (CH)-based energy-aware routing protocol in IoTs environment (Hyb-WFSOA-CHS-IoT). Here, the proposed Hyb-WFSOA-CHS-IoT model executes routing method through CH. The woodpecker and flamingo search optimization algorithm is used as the intelligent CH selection that consumes same energy as sensors. Hybrid woodpecker and flamingo search optimization algorithm (Hyb-WFSOA) is examined by using fitness functions, like distance, delay, energy consumption, throughput. The proposed Hyb-WFSOA-CHS-IoT method is activated in MATLAB software. Then, the performance of the proposed system is examined with different metrics, like delay, packet delivery ratio, throughput, network lifetime, energy consumption. Therefore, the proposed method attains lower delay 28.38%, 32.34% and 47.45%, higher delivery ratio 19.34%, 23.12% and 18.96% and lower energy consumption 11.25%, 7.90% and 12.88% compared with existing methods, like multi-objective fractional gravitational search algorithm for energy-efficient routing on IoT (FGSA-CHS-IoT), multi-objective sunflower-based gray wolf optimization algorithm for multiple path routing on IoT network (SFG-CHS-IoT) and energy-aware routing in the IoT with improved grasshopper metaheuristic algorithm with chaos theory and fuzzy Logic (FLGOA-CHS-IoT).
Pattern dynamics and bifurcation in delayed SIR network with diffusion network
Authors: Yang Wenjie , Zheng Qianqian , Shen Jianwei
Published: January 2023

The spread of infectious diseases often presents the emergent properties, which leads to more difficulties in prevention and treatment. In this paper, the SIR model with both delay and network is investigated to show the emergent properties of the infectious diseases’ spread. The stability of the SIR model with a delay and two delay is analyzed to illustrate the effect of delay on the periodic outbreak of the epidemic. Then the stability conditions of Hopf bifurcation are derived by using central manifold to obtain the direction of bifurcation, which is vital for the generation of emergent behavior. Also, numerical simulation shows that the connection probability can affect the types of the spatio-temporal patterns, further induces the emergent properties. Finally, the emergent properties of COVID-19 are explained by the above results.