bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secondary purulent infections of the elbow joint: a retrospective, single-center study
Authors: Rausch Valentin , von Glinski Alexander , Rosteius Thomas , Königshausen Matthias , Schildhauer Thomas A. , Seybold Dominik , Gessmann Jan
Published: January 2020

Background

Septic arthritis of the elbow joint is a rare condition. Limited data is available on infections of the elbow joint following trauma or prior surgery on this joint. The aim of this study was to describe the etiology, comorbidities, bacterial spectrum and therapy of secondary purulent elbow infections.

Methods

Patients treated in our hospital were selected through retrospective chart review between 2006 and 2015. We included all patients with an empyema of the elbow after a trauma or surgical intervention on this joint. 30 patients between 26 and 82 years (mean: 52.47) were included.

Results

Seven patients (23.3%) were female, 23 (76.7%) male. 22 patients (73.3%) had a history of trauma, eight (26.7%) had prior elective surgeries on their elbow. Between one and 25 surgeries (mean: 5.77) were necessary for treatment. In nine patients, debridement and synovectomy were sufficient, eight patients (26.7%) received resection of the elbow joint. One patient was treated with a chronic fistula. In 18 patients (60%), cultures of aspiration/intraoperative swabs were positive for Staphylococcus aureus, four of these were methicillin-resistant. Four patients (13.3%) had positive cultures for Staphylococcus epidermidis, in five patients (16.7%) no bacteria could be cultured.

Conclusions

Secondary infections of the elbow joint are a rare disease with potentially severe courses, requiring aggressive surgical treatment and possibly severely impacting elbow function. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria in secondary infections and should be addressed by empiric antibiotic treatment when no suspicion for other participating organisms is present.
Higher preoperative pain catastrophizing increases the risk of low patient reported satisfaction after carpal tunnel release: a prospective study
Authors: Mosegaard Sebastian Breddam , Stilling Maiken , Hansen Torben Bæk
Published: January 2020

Background

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common upper-limb nerve compression disease. Carpal tunnel syndrome can lead to several symptoms such as tingling or numbness, pain in the hand or wrist, and reduced grip strength. Based on demographic characteristics, patient reported outcome measures, and with special attention to pain catastrophizing, the purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for low patient-reported satisfaction following surgical treatment of idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome.

Methods

A total of 417 hands from 417 patients (64. 5% females) with a mean age of 58. 0 years were included in this 1-year prospective follow-up study. We collected preoperative data on disability using the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH), quality of life using the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), pain catastrophizing using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and distal motor latency. Data on DASH score, EQ-5D, and patient satisfaction was collected 12 months postoperatively. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test was used to test for difference in preoperative and postoperative DASH and EQ-5D score. Risk factors for low postoperative patient reported satisfaction was examined using stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

We found a general improvement in patients’ DASH scores (12.29 [95% CI: 10.65–13.90],p < 0.001) and EQ-5D (0.14 [95% CI: 0.13–0.16],p < 0.001) from preoperative to 12 months postoperative. In the fully adjusted multiple regression analysis we found a statistically significant effect of preoperative PCS on patient reported satisfaction with OR = 1.05 (p = 0.022), for a one unit increase in preoperative PCS. There was no statistically significant predictive effect of preoperative EQ-5D (p = 0.869), DASH (p = 0.076), distal motor latency (p = 0.067), age (p = 0.505) or gender (p = 0.222).

Conclusions

Patients improved in both DASH and EQ-5D from preoperative to 12 months postoperative. Higher preoperative PCS seems to have a negative effect on postoperative patient reported satisfaction after carpal tunnel release.
Risk of atrial fibrillation in persons with type 2 diabetes and the excess risk in relation to glycaemic control and renal function: a Swedish cohort study
Authors: Seyed Ahmadi Shilan , Svensson Ann-Marie , Pivodic Aldina , Rosengren Annika , Lind Marcus
Published: January 2020

Background

To examine the incidence of atrial fibrillation in individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with age- and sex-matched controls from the general population and its variation in relation to glycaemic control and renal function.

Methods

A total of 421,855 patients with type 2 diabetes from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry and 2,131,223 controls from the Swedish Population Registry, matched for age, sex and county, were included and followed from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2013.

Results

Overall, 8.9% of individuals with type 2 diabetes and 7.0% of controls were diagnosed with atrial fibrillation during follow-up, unadjusted incidence risk ratio (IRR) 1.35 (95% 1.33–1.36). Women < 55 years old with type 2 diabetes had an IRR of 2.36 (95% CI 2.10–2.66), in relation to controls, whereas the corresponding value for men < 55 years old with type 2 diabetes was IRR 1.78 (95% CI 1.67–1.90). In the fully adjusted Cox regression, the risk of type 2 diabetes on incident atrial fibrillation was 28% greater vs controls, hazard ratio (HR) 1.28 (95% CI 1.26–1.30), p < 0.0001. The excess risk of atrial fibrillation in individuals with type 2 diabetes increased with worsening glycaemic control and renal complications. For individuals with HbA1c ≤ 6.9% (≤ 52 mmol/mol) and normoalbuminuria the excess risk vs controls was still increased, adjusted HR 1.16 (95% CI 1.14–1.19); p < 0.0001.

Conclusions

Individuals with type 2 diabetes had an overall 35% higher risk of atrial fibrillation compared to age- and sex-matched controls from the general population. The excess risk for atrial fibrillation increased with renal complications or with poor glycaemic control. Individuals with type 2 diabetes with good glycaemic control and normoalbuminuria had slightly increased risk.
Associations between age and dyslipidemia are differed by education level: The Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center (CMERC) cohort
Authors: Cho So Mi Jemma , Lee Ho Jae , Shim Jee Seon , Song Bo Mi , Kim Hyeon Chang
Published: January 2020

Background

Dyslipidemia is a multifactorial disorder, which arises from complex interactions among genetic and environmental risk factors. Previous studies have established the deteriorating effect of aging on lipid profiles. However, little is known about the role of education level, a stable marker of socioeconomic status, which reflect modifiability of lifestyle risk factors. Therefore, we examined the association between age and individual dyslipidemia parameter across education level among healthy, middle-aged Korean women.

Methods

From 2049 middle-aged women, education attainment was classified into completion of elementary school or below, middle school, high school, college or above. Dyslipidemia was assessed in adherence to the 2018 Korean Dyslipidemia Treatment Guideline. Multivariable logistic regression and generalized linear model tested for associations between age and dyslipidemia parameter across education level and other known risk factors, including menopause, obesity, and current drinking and smoking.

Results

In this cross-sectional analysis, the prevalence of each dyslipidemia parameter was significantly different by age and education level. The odds ratio (OR) for dyslipidemia was higher among participants who were older and had received higher education (OR = 2.31, p for interaction = 0.008) than younger and low education counterpart. The interaction between age and education level remained significant for hypercholesterolemia (p for interaction = 0.003) and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia (p for interaction = 0.002).

Conclusions

Separate examination of individual dyslipidemia parameter indicated varying degree of interaction with age and education level. Such results imply that each type of lipid abnormality may arise from and be exacerbated by heterogeneous composition of biological and lifestyle risk factors, which may be reflected by education level.
Is day 7 culture necessary for in vitro fertilization of cryopreserved/warmed human oocytes?
Authors: Niu Xiangli , Wang Cassie T. , Li Richard , Haddad Ghassan , Wang Weihua
Published: January 2020

Background

Human embryos are usually cultured to blastocyst stage by Day 5 or 6 after insemination. However, some embryos grow slowly and reach blastocyst stage at Day 7. Acceptable live birth rates have been reported after transfer of Day 7 blastocysts resulted from fresh oocyte in vitro fertilization (IVF). It is unknown whether an extended embryo culture to Day 7 is necessary for cryopreserved oocyte IVF to obtain more transferrable blastocysts.

Methods

In this study, 455 oocytes from 57 cycles were warmed, inseminated, and the resulting embryos were cultured by Day 7 to examine blastocyst development after extended culture. Fifty one blastocysts from 16 cycles were biopsied to examine embryo aneuploidies.

Results

It was found that 35.1% of the cycles had Day 7 blastocysts, and 3.5% of the cycles had only Day 7 blastocysts. Day 7 blastocysts accounted for 15.6% of total blastocysts. The proportion of top quality of blastocysts was lower at Day 7 than at Day 5 or 6. However, no differences were observed on aneuploid blastocyst rates among Days 5, 6 and 7. Similar clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy and embryo implantation rates were obtained after Day 7 blastocyst transfer as compared with Day 5 or 6 blastocyst transfer.

Conclusion

These results indicate that embryos from oocyte warming cycles should be cultured to Day 7 if they do not reach to blastocyst stage by Day 6 so that number of usable blastocysts can be increased.
Smartphone use disorder and future time perspective of college students: the mediating role of depression and moderating role of mindfulness
Authors: Zhang Yangchang , Lv Shuai , Li Cunya , Xiong Yang , Zhou Chenxi , Li Xuerui , Ye Mengliang
Published: January 2020

Background

Smartphone use disorder (SUD) of college students has drawn increasing attention. Although future time perspective (FTP) may be an important protective factor for individual SUD, the moderating and mediating mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unknown. We tested the individual roles of depression and mindfulness as moderators of this relationship.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in two colleges in Shandong and Chongqing in China using a sample of 1304 college students recruited by stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected through a validated self-report instrument. A moderation–mediation model was constructed, and an SPSS PROCESS macro was used to analyse the data.

Results

The correlation analyses showed that FTP was negatively associated with SUD of college students. The mediation model revealed that depression partially mediated the link between FTP and SUD of college students. The moderation–mediation model suggested that mindfulness moderates two direct paths: FTP to depression and depression to SUD. In the first path (FTP to depression), a high level of mindfulness among college students had weakened the relationship between FTP and depression. Here, the relationship is strengthened by a low level of mindfulness. In the second path (depression to SUD), low levels of mindfulness strengthen the link between depression and FTP. In contrast, significant association was not found with high levels of mindfulness.

Conclusions

Results suggest that interventions, such as improving the individual level of FTP and mindfulness, should be conducted. These interventions, in turn, help control the level of depression in college students and ultimately decrease their level of SUD.
Inhibition of lignification of Zizania latifolia with radio frequency treatments during postharvest
Authors: Ye Changwen , He Chen , Zhang Bowen , Wang Lixuan , Wang Lufeng
Published: January 2020

Zizania latifolia is easily lignified after harvesting, leading to the degradation of food quality and commercial value. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of radio frequency (RF) treatments on lignification inhibition of Zizania latifolia. The results showed that the lignin content of Zizania latifolia treated with RF decreased significantly compared with the control group. At the 7th day of storage, the phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity of the 90 W RF treatment group decreased by 52.9% compared with the initial value. The activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in the stems of Zizania latifolia were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased after RF treatments. Besides, a decrease in conversion rate of O2− and H2O2 to downstream products was observed, indicating that the related invertases were inhibited by RF treatment. All of these showed that RF treatments contribute to inhibit or delay the lignification of Zizania latifolia, providing a better taste and quality for products.
Brassinosteroid overproduction improves lignocellulose quantity and quality to maximize bioethanol yield under green-like biomass process in transgenic poplar
Authors: Fan Chunfen , Yu Hua , Qin Shifei , Li Yongli , Alam Aftab , Xu Changzhen , Fan Di , Zhang Qingwei , Wang Yanting , Zhu Wanbin , Peng Liangcai , Luo Keming
Published: January 2020

Background

As a leading biomass feedstock, poplar plants provide enormous lignocellulose resource convertible for biofuels and bio-chemicals. However, lignocellulose recalcitrance particularly in wood plants, basically causes a costly bioethanol production unacceptable for commercial marketing with potential secondary pollution to the environment. Therefore, it becomes important to reduce lignocellulose recalcitrance by genetic modification of plant cell walls, and meanwhile to establish advanced biomass process technology in woody plants. Brassinosteroids, plant-specific steroid hormones, are considered to participate in plant growth and development for biomass production, but little has been reported about brassinosteroids roles in plant cell wall assembly and modification. In this study, we generated transgenic poplar plant that overexpressed DEETIOLATED2 gene for brassinosteroids overproduction. We then detected cell wall feature alteration and examined biomass enzymatic saccharification for bioethanol production under various chemical pretreatments.

Results

Compared with wild type, the PtoDET2 overexpressed transgenic plants contained much higher brassinosteroids levels. The transgenic poplar also exhibited significantly enhanced plant growth rate and biomass yield by increasing xylem development and cell wall polymer deposition. Meanwhile, the transgenic plants showed significantly improved lignocellulose features such as reduced cellulose crystalline index and degree of polymerization values and decreased hemicellulose xylose/arabinose ratio for raised biomass porosity and accessibility, which led to integrated enhancement on biomass enzymatic saccharification and bioethanol yield under various chemical pretreatments. In contrast, the CRISPR/Cas9-generated mutation of PtoDET2 showed significantly lower brassinosteroids level for reduced biomass saccharification and bioethanol yield, compared to the wild type. Notably, the optimal green-like pretreatment could even achieve the highest bioethanol yield by effective lignin extraction in the transgenic plant. Hence, this study proposed a mechanistic model elucidating how brassinosteroid regulates cell wall modification for reduced lignocellulose recalcitrance and increased biomass porosity and accessibility for high bioethanol production.

Conclusions

This study has demonstrated a powerful strategy to enhance cellulosic bioethanol production by regulating brassinosteroid biosynthesis for reducing lignocellulose recalcitrance in the transgenic poplar plants. It has also provided a green-like process for biomass pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification in poplar and beyond.
PET imaging of mGluR5 in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Mecca Adam P. , McDonald Julia W. , Michalak Hannah R. , Godek Tyler A. , Harris Joanna E. , Pugh Erika A. , Kemp Emily C. , Chen Ming-Kai , Salardini Arash , Nabulsi Nabeel B. , Lim Keunpoong , Huang Yiyun , Carson Richard E. , Strittmatter Stephen M. , van Dyck Christopher H.
Published: January 2020

Background

Metabotropic glutamate subtype 5 receptors (mGluR5) modulate synaptic transmission and may constitute an important therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by mediating the synaptotoxic action of amyloid-β oligomers. We utilized the positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand [18F]FPEB to investigate mGluR5 binding in early AD.

Methods

Sixteen individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD or mild AD dementia who were positive for brain amyloid were compared to 15 cognitively normal (CN) participants who were negative for brain amyloid. Diagnostic groups were well balanced for age, sex, and education. Dynamic PET scans were acquired for 60 min, starting at 60 min after the initial administration of up to 185 MBq of [18F]FPEB using a bolus-plus-constant-infusion method (Kbol = 190 min). Equilibrium modeling with a cerebellum reference region was used to estimate [18F]FPEB binding (BPND) to mGluR5. Analyses were performed with and without corrections for gray matter atrophy and partial volume effects.

Results

Linear mixed model analysis demonstrated a significant effect of group (p = 0.011) and the group × region interaction (p = 0.0049) on BPND. Post hoc comparisons revealed a significant reduction (43%) in mGluR5 binding in the hippocampus of AD (BPND = 0.76 ± 0.41) compared to CN (BPND = 1.34 ± 0.58, p = 0.003, unpaired t test) participants, and a nonsignificant trend for a reduction in a composite association cortical region in AD (BPND = 1.57 ± 0.25) compared to CN (BPND = 1.86 ± 0.63, p = 0.093) participants. Exploratory analyses suggested additional mGluR5 reductions in the entorhinal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus in the AD group. In the overall sample, hippocampal mGluR5 binding was associated with episodic memory scores and global function.

Conclusions

[18F]FPEB-PET revealed reductions in hippocampal mGluR5 binding in early AD. Quantification of mGluR5 binding in AD may expand our understanding of AD pathogenesis and accelerate the development of novel biomarkers and treatments.
Symptomatic congenital Morgagni hernia presenting as a chest pain: a case report
Authors: Mohamed Mujtaba , Al-Hillan Alsadiq , Shah Jay , Zurkovsky Eugene , Asif Arif , Hossain Mohammad
Published: January 2020

Background

Morgagni hernia is a rare form of congenital diaphragmatic hernia with a prevalence of 2–3%. It occurs due to a defect on the anterior part of the diaphragm, which allows abdominal organs to penetrate into the thoracic cavity. This condition can be detected during fetal life by routine ultrasonography or late during adult life. Late diagnosis of this condition in adults is extremely rare. According to our literature search, only a few cases of symptomatic hernia in adults have been reported so far. Surgery provides definitive treatment for patients with Morgagni hernia; it is always recommended for symptomatic and asymptomatic adult patients to avoid future complications such as volvulus, small bowel obstruction, incarceration, or strangulation. We report a case of a patient who presented with chest pain due to newly diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Case presentation

A 29-year-old unemployed white man with no significant past medical history or family history of coronary artery disease, who was a current smoker with a 1-pack-per-day history, presented to our hospital with a 1-month history of intermittent chest pain. His chest pain was localized to the right side with a pressure-like quality, moderate intensity 4–6/10, nonradiating, and relieved by standing up and worsened by lying flat. His pain was not associated with increase or decrease in activity level. The pain had progressively worsened, which prompted the patient to come to the emergency room. The patient was admitted for further evaluation. A chest x-ray showed a suspected loop of bowel on the right side of the chest. Subsequently, the patient underwent computed tomography of the chest, which revealed a 7-cm defect in the right hemidiaphragm with a large amount of intra-abdominal fat and a loop of the proximal transverse colon within the hernial sac. The patient was evaluated by a surgeon and eventually underwent laparoscopic repair of the diaphragmatic hernia with mesh repair. In follow-up, the patient’s symptoms resolved.

Conclusion

Morgagni hernia is a rare form of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. It is commonly found either in the first few hours of life or in the antenatal period. It is less common in adults and is usually diagnosed accidentally in asymptomatic patients. Symptomatic adult cases are extremely rare. Respiratory symptoms are the most common presenting symptoms. The primary management for both symptomatic and incidentally discovered asymptomatic cases of Morgagni hernia is surgical correction. Various thoracic and abdominal surgical approaches have been described without a clear consensus on preference for operative repair technique.
Evaluation of waste paper for cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) with some added supplementary materials
Authors: Tesfay Teklemichael , Godifey Tesfay , Mesfin Roman , Kalayu Girmay
Published: January 2020

Mushroom cultivation is an economically feasible bio-technological process for conversion of various lignocellulosic wastes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of waste paper supplemented with corn stalk and wheat bran for oyster mushroom cultivation. Pure culture of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) Kummer) was purchased from YB Plant Micropropagation Plc; Mekelle, Ethiopia. Then, the pure culture was used as inoculum for spawn preparation using sorghum prepared in Microbiology laboratory, Department of Biology, Aksum University. Waste paper supplemented with corn stalk and wheat bran with 0%, 25% and 50% were prepared. The substrates were mixed with the spawn that has been inoculated with pure culture of oyster mushroom aseptically for their productivity and biological efficiency (BE) for cultivation of P. ostreatus mushroom. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Higher (26.20 ± 19.36) mean weight, pileus diameter (7.90 ± 2.66 cm), total yield (646.4 ± 273.1 g) and BE (64.64 ± 273%) were obtained from waste paper (50%) supplemented with cornstalk (25%) and wheat bran (25%). And lower (17.92 ± 81.95%) BE were obtained from waste paper (100%). Moreover, the highest (3.88 ± 0.32 cm) mean stalk length was obtained from waste paper (50%) supplemented with corn stalk (50%). This study revealed that waste paper supplemented with corn stalk and wheat bran resulted in high BE and total yield. Thus, utilization of waste paper appears to be a promising alternative for the cultivation of oyster mushroom when supplemented with other substrates.
NADPH biosensor-based identification of an alcohol dehydrogenase variant with improved catalytic properties caused by a single charge reversal at the protein surface
Authors: Spielmann Alina , Brack Yannik , van Beek Hugo , Flachbart Lion , Sundermeyer Lea , Baumgart Meike , Bott Michael
Published: January 2020

Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are used in reductive biotransformations for the production of valuable chiral alcohols. In this study, we used a high-throughput screening approach based on the NADPH biosensor pSenSox and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to search for variants of the NADPH-dependent ADH of Lactobacillus brevis (LbADH) with improved activity for the reduction of 2,5-hexanedione to (2R,5R)-hexanediol. In a library of approx. 1.4 × 106 clones created by random mutagenesis we identified the variant LbADHK71E. Kinetic analysis of the purified enzyme revealed that LbADHK71E had a ~ 16% lowered KM value and a 17% higher Vmax for 2,5-hexanedione compared to the wild-type LbADH. Higher activities were also observed for the alternative substrates acetophenone, acetylpyridine, 2-hexanone, 4-hydroxy-2-butanone, and methyl acetoacetate. K71 is solvent-exposed on the surface of LbADH and not located within or close to the active site. Therefore, K71 is not an obvious target for rational protein engineering. The study demonstrates that high-throughput screening using the NADPH biosensor pSenSox represents a powerful method to find unexpected beneficial mutations in NADPH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases that can be favorable in industrial biotransformations.
Root ethylene mediates rhizosphere microbial community reconstruction when chemically detecting cyanide produced by neighbouring plants
Authors: Chen Yan , Bonkowski Michael , Shen Yi , Griffiths Bryan S. , Jiang Yuji , Wang Xiaoyue , Sun Bo
Published: January 2020

Background

Stress-induced hormones are essential for plants to modulate their microbiota and dynamically adjust to the environment. Despite the emphasis of the role of the phytohormone ethylene in the plant physiological response to heterospecific neighbour detection, less is known about how this activated signal mediates focal plant rhizosphere microbiota to enhance plant fitness. Here, using 3 years of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), a legume, and cyanide-containing cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) intercropping and peanut monocropping field, pot and hydroponic experiments in addition to exogenous ethylene application and soil incubation experiments, we found that ethylene, a cyanide-derived signal, is associated with the chemical identification of neighbouring cassava and the microbial re-assemblage in the peanut rhizosphere.

Results

Ethylene production in peanut roots can be triggered by cyanide production of neighbouring cassava plants. This gaseous signal alters the microbial composition and re-assembles the microbial co-occurrence network of peanut by shifting the abundance of an actinobacterial species, Catenulispora sp., which becomes a keystone in the intercropped peanut rhizosphere. The re-assembled rhizosphere microbiota provide more available nutrients to peanut roots and support seed production.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that root ethylene acts as a signal with a dual role. It plays a role in perceiving biochemical cues from interspecific neighbours, and also has a regulatory function in mediating the rhizosphere microbial assembly, thereby enhancing focal plant fitness by improving seed production. This discovery provides a promising direction to develop novel intercropping strategies for targeted manipulations of the rhizosphere microbiome through phytohormone signals.
Correction to: Role of community-based active case finding in screening tuberculosis in Yunnan province of China
Authors: Chen Jin-Ou , Qiu Yu-Bing , Rueda Zulma Vanessa , Hou Jing-Long , Lu Kun-Yun , Chen Liu-Ping , Su Wei-Wei , Huang Li , Zhao Fei , Li Tao , Xu Lin
Published: January 2020

In the original publication of this article [1] we noticed the Fig. 4 was incorrect. The correct Fig. 4 is as below.
Accounting, analysis and audit of operations with securities
Authors: Dmitrieva Ol'ga
Published: January 2020

The textbook describes the procedure of maintenance of accounting and tax accounting transactions with underlying securities (shares, bonds, bills of exchange) to organizations that are not professional participants of the securities market. Describes the methodology and fundamental analysis of the stock and methods used to estimate their fair value. It considers the basic tools of technical analysis of the securities market. Disclosed method of analysis of debt securities. The method of audit of operations with securities.
Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
For students studying in field of study 38.03.01 "Economics", practitioners in the field of accounting and analysis, as well as individuals interested in the analysis of debt and equity financial tools to create a personal investment portfolio.
Ethnoornithology: Identification of bird names mentioned in Kakawin Rāmāyana, a 9th-century Javanese poem (Java, Indonesia)
Authors: DEDE MULYANTO  , JOHAN ISKANDAR  , RIMBO GUNAWAN  , Partasasmita Ruhyat
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Mulyanto D, Iskandar J, Gunawan R, Partasasmita R. 2019. Ethnoornithology: Identification of bird names mentioned in Kakawin Rāmāyana, a 9th-century Javanese poem (Java, Indonesia). Biodiversitas 20: 3213-3222. Birds have played an important role in Javanese culture for a long time. For example, birds have been culturally used as sources of folk stories, myths, illustrated old manuscripts, paintings on relief walls of temples, and inspiration of writers to make poems. This article presents the results of an ethnoornithology study that tried to identify all bird names mentioned in Kakawin Rāmāyana (KR), an old Javanese poem, using a qualitative method, mainly interpreting KR text based on an ethnoornithological approach. The results showed that 84 bird names are mentioned in the Kakawin Rāmāyana, belonging to 26 families, and 17 orders. The birds mentioned in KR are predominantly residents, some are regular visitors or vagrant, and only a few are absent. The orders whose members appear most often are Passeriformes (18), Columbiformes (7), Pelecaniformes (6), Ciconiiformes (5), and Cuculiformes (5). There are only 13 names which are Sanskrit in origin. Based on this study, it can be inferred that birds have played an important role in Javanese culture.
The inventory and spore morphology of ferns from Bengkalis Island, Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sofiyanti Nery , Isda Mayta Novaliza , ERWINA JULIANTARI  , RISSAN SURIATNO  , SYAFRONI PRANATA
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Sofiyanti N, Isda MN, Juliantari E, Pranata S, Suriatno R. 2019. The inventory and spore morphology of ferns from Bengkalis Island, Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3223-3236. Bengkalis Island is one of main islands at coastal region of Riau Province, Indonesia. The first fern inventory had been conducted on this island, to identify the fern checklist as well as examined the morphology of their spores. Samples were collected from 2 subdistricts and 12 study sites, using exploration method. The spore specimens were coated using AU, before observation using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A total of 22 fern species are recorded from Bengkalis Islands. These species belong to 3 orders, i.e. Gleicheniales (1 species), Polypodiales (20 species) and Schizaeales (1 species). The spore characteristic indicated similar unity of spore, i.e. monad spore, with triangular, subtriangular, tetrahedral and reniform shape. Three basic types of spore have been observed, i.e. monolete, dilete, and trilete. The spore class observed in this study are small (22 ± 0.88 µm), medium (27.35 ± 1.45 to 47.85 ± 0.88 µm) and large (51.34 ± 1.83 to 53.8 ± 1.81 µm). The ornamentation of perisphore is the main character to distinguished species within one genus.
Diversity and genetic potential of various morphological traits among common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae) landraces
Authors: Bareke Tura
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Bareke T. 2019. Diversity and genetic potential of various morphological traits among common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae) landraces. Biodiversitas 20: 3237-3245. The study was undertaken to identify the morphological diversity and genetic potential among landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at field conditions of Adama District, Ethiopia. Twenty four common bean landraces from different agroecological zones were collected and grown in three replications. Data of eight agromorphological descriptors were collected using IBPGR protocol. Accordingly, Zale wehy was significantly different (p<0.05) from all landraces with the highest mean number of pods per plant. On the other hand, the mean number of seeds per pod was significantly (p<0.05) higher for Dobole followed by Dima, Kalibushay and Adi tikko while Logoma dume has the lowest number of seeds per pod. The average number of seeds per pod had inverse relationship with seed size. The highest diversity was found in number of seed per plant among landraces while the lowest diversity was found in number of seed per pod. Based on morphological traits similarities among 24 landraces were classified into 4 major categories. Heritability was the highest for seed length (0.97) followed by number of seed per pod (0.94) and seed per plants (0.69) and the lowest (0.1) for height of plant and the rest found between these values. The variability observed in seed length, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant and number of pods per plant which could be utilized in variety improvement programs. Therefore, crop breeders could give emphasis to these traits of landraces to monitor and use for the breeding program, future production and for other domestic purposes.
Record of shallow-water sponges in Simeulue Island, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: SETIAWAN EDWIN , FARID KAMAL MUZAKI  , AWIK P.D. NURHAYATI  , NOVA MAULIDINA
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Setiawan E, Muzaki FK, Nurhayati APD, Maulidina N. 2019. Record of shallow-water sponges in Simeulue Island, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3246-3257. The first and present study on shallow water sponges in Simeulue islands, Aceh Province, Indonesia recorded more than twenty species of marine sponges. This first assessment was also part of Ekpedisi Widya Nusantara X (E-WINN X) coastal chapter 2017 where was conducted in Simeulue islands, Aceh. Most of the recorded sponges are common species that are also recognized inhabiting a broad distribution in the West Indo-Pacific marine ecoregion. All recorded shallow-water sponges are Demospongian sponges. Among the three selected types of shallow water sponge habitats, a number of sponges are achieved mostly in shallow reefs in comparison to sandy and mangrove lagoons. The current study on species recorded also documents general characteristic enriches and highlights the importance of filling the gaps in distributional patterns of sponges on the west coast of Sumatra.
Prevalence and intensity of Trypanosoma sp. in wild swamp eels (Synbranchus bengalensis) marketed in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Mahasri Gunanti , Koesdarto SETIAWAN KOESDARTO , KISMIYATI  , Wulan Sari DESI P. , Santanumurti MUHAMMAD B. , Kandi IQYU W. KANDI , Savia Fitri SELVI D.S. FITRI , MUHAMAD AMIN
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Mahasri G, Koesdarto S, Kismiyati, Sari DPW, Santamurti MB, Kandi IW, Fitri SDS, Amin M. 2019. Prevalence and intensity of Trypanosoma sp. in wild swamp eels (Synbranchus bengalensis) marketed in Surabaya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3262-3268. Trypanosoma sp. is parasitic protozoa, which can infect not only aquatic organisms but also humans. As the parasite considered a zoonosis disease, there has been a lot of concern about the presence of this parasite in aquaculture commodities. This research aimed to detect and determine the prevalence and intensity of Trypanosoma sp. infection in wild-caught swamp eels (Synbranchus bengalensis) marketed in Surabaya. A total of sixty swamp eels with 47.30±4.69 cm in length were collected from two different locations, Ambengan and Karah, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The swamp eels were transported alive in two aerated plastic bags to the laboratory. The observed parameters were prevalence and intensity of Trypanosoma sp. in the eels’ blood, total erythrocyte counts and total differential leucocyte count (monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophil, and neutrophil). The result showed that 7 of 30 (23%) wild-caught swam eels obtained from Ambengan and 9 of 30 eels (30%) collected from Karah were infected by Trypanosoma sp. The intensity of the parasite in eels collected from both locations was considered as moderate, 12.6 parasites/eel (Ambengan) and 5.9 parasites/eel (Karah). Additionally, hematology analysis indicated total erythrocytes count of blood in the infected eels from both locations were significantly lower than total erythrocytes of blood in the non-infected eels, p<0.05. Furthermore, hematology analysis indicated that the numbers of monocyte, lymphocyte, and neutrophil were significantly different than that of non-infected eels, P<0.05. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in cell counts of basophils and eosinophil in the blood of infected and non-infected eels, p>0,05. These results demonstrate that swamp eels marketed in Surabaya were infected by Trypanosoma sp.
Genetic distance and diversity of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) based on morphological characters in Bawean Island, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmah Wardatur , Waluyo Budi
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Rahmah W, Waluyo B. 2019. Genetic distance and diversity of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) based on morphological characters in Bawean Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3284-3291.  One of the ways to preserve species germplasm is by identifying the genetic distance and intraspecific diversity. The aims of this study were to study the distribution and cultivation status, genetic distance, and diversity of breadfruit plants, Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F.A.Zorn) Fosberg, in Bawean Island, Gresik, Indonesia based on morphological characters. The study made 30 accessions of breadfruit plants spread throughout Bawean Island, which were found to be neither cultivated intensively nor used optimally by the inhabitants. The genetic distance showed that breadfruit in Bawean Island was clustered into 6 groups with similarity coefficient of around 0.9984 to 0.9999. The diversity index value of 1.48 indicated medium diversity of breadfruit on this island.
The Variation induction of Glycine max through low dose gamma irradiation produces genetic and physiological alteration as source of tolerant variants in waterlogging conditions
Authors: Saputro Triono bagus , WIRDHATUL MUSLIHATIN  , DWI KUSUMA WAHYUNI  , TUTIK NURHIDAYATI  , FILA OXI WARDHANI  , ELENA ROSALIA
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Saputro TB, Muslihatin W, Wahyuni DK, Nurhidayati T, Wardhani FO, Rosalia E. 2019. Variation induction of Glycine max through low dose gamma irradiation produces genetic and physiological alteration as source of tolerant variants in waterlogging conditions. Biodiversitas 20: 3299-3308. Soybean (Glycine max L.) is the main food commodity that contains high proteins, oils, and carbohydrates. Waterlogging is considered as the dominant factor and major constraint responsible for the decrements of soybean production in Indonesia. The development of promising G.max that tolerates waterlogging is essentially needed. In this study, induction of variation was conducted by gamma rays irradiation with doses of 25Gy, 50Gy, 75Gy, and 100Gy. The mutant or variants lines were then selected under waterlogging conditions with 100%, 150%, 200%, and 250% of field capacity. The results showed that, in 250% waterlogging condition, plants irradiated with 25Gy shows the best performance in amount of roots, adventitious roots and number of pods parameters, while plants irradiated with 50Gy have the highest growth indicated by amount of root nodules, plant heights, dry weights, leaf area, and chlorophyll contents. The genotypes then were assayed by the Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) to confirm that the mutants differ compared to its wild type. Out of 10 ISSR primers, seven primers showed polymorphic patterns. The best primer to differentiate the mutant lines and its wild type is primer ISSR1 [ (AC)8G] that able to generate the highest level of polymorphism with 44.0%. The comparison of protein profiles among the mutant lines showed that proteins with molecular weight 53,78 KDa; 43,12 KDa; and 20,62 Kda are all overexpressed for plants irradiated at 25Gy and treated with 250% waterlogging stress. All those three proteins are predicted as 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS), Alcohol-dehydrogenase (ADH), and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) respectively.
Evaluation of salt stress and molecular analysis of genetic variation of Iraqi rice cultivars
Authors: Mandal Amar , Alhasnawi Arshad , Jasim Haider , Mohamad Azhar
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Mandal AM, Alhasnawi AN, Jasim H, Mohamad A. 2019. Evaluation of salt stress and molecular analysis of genetic variation of Iraqi rice cultivars. Biodiversitas 20: 3309-3314. The salinity-stress casts an inhibitory effect on rice, which is not only complex but also a key reason for impeding plant growth as well as decreasing crop productivity. A helpful method to improve our understanding in this space would be to make a direct comparison pertaining to the response to salinity by considering two closely related cultivars, i.e. Yassimen and Anber-33, which demonstrate varying levels of salt-tolerance. Exposing rice seeds to high concentrations of 200mM NaCl stress resulted in considerable impact on shoot, chlorophyll content and root growth. The growth of both cultivars was considerably decreased due to salt toxicity. A range of differences was seen in terms of growth parameters due to interaction between cultivars and salt levels. It can be said that the various cultivars vary in terms of their salt tolerance with regards to seedling growth and seed germination. Based on the results from the Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) data, cultivar-Anber-33 had 27 bands in total, while for cultivar-Yassimen, it was 25. These results demonstrated that ISSR markers proved to be a valuable method for determining genetic variation, fingerprinting, classification, and identification of Iraqi rice cultivars.
Population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria in the liquid organic fertilizer created from palm oil bunches and pineapple rhizome
Authors: Dermiyati Dermiyati , Suharjo Radix , Telaumbanua Mareli , Ilmiasari Yeyen , Yosita Rully , ANNISA RAHMA MEULY , SARI ANGGI WINANDA , ANDAYANI ANIS PUJI , YULIANTI DWI MARSENTA
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Dermiyati, Suharjo R, Telaumbanua M, Ilmiasari Y, Yosita R, Annisa RM, Sari AW, Andayani AP, Yulianti DM. 2019. Population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria in the liquid organic fertilizer created from palm oil bunches and pineapple rhizome. Biodiversitas 20: 3315-3321. Palm oil bunches and pineapple rhizomes are abundant in Indonesia, especially in Lampung Province due to widespread agro-industrial company and they are potential to be used as sources for liquid organic fertilizer. This study was aimed to reveal microbial population within liquid organic fertilizer (LF) which was developed from palm oil bunches (PB) and pineapple rhizome (PR) and their role as phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). The capability to solubilize phosphate was recorded from the clear zone area around the bacterial colony which was cultivated on Pikovskaya’s agar medium. The LF was prepared in three kinds of conditions, namely aerobic, anaerobic, and facultative an aerobic. Isolation was performed every 3 days until 24 days after incubations. The results showed that microbial population in the LF from PR was significantly higher than those developed from PB. Totally, 791 bacterial isolates were obtained from the LF; 490 isolates were achieved from PR (153 isolates from aerobic, 188 isolates from facultative anaerobic, 149 from anaerobic conditions) and 301 isolates were collected from PB (96 isolates from aerobic, 112 isolates from facultative anaerobic, 93 isolates from anaerobic conditions). In the case of isolates that were gained from PB, 166 isolates (55.15%) showed capability to degrade phosphate and 135 isolates (44.85%) did not show any capability as PSB. As for isolates obtained from PR, 269 isolates (54.90%) had capability to solubilize phosphate, meanwhile, the other 221 isolates (45.10%) did not show any capability to solubilize phosphate. Among166 isolates of PSB from PB, 60 isolates had very low capability, 55 isolates had low capability, 34 isolates had medium capability, 10 isolates had high capability and only 7 isolates had very high capability. Meanwhile, from 269 isolates of PSB obtained from PR, 135 isolates had very low capability to solubilize phosphate, 84 isolates had low capability to solubilize phosphate, 32 had medium capability to solubilize phosphate, 14 isolates had high capability to solubilize phosphate and 4 isolates produced very high capability as PSB. In total, 11 chosen isolates were selected from LF developed from both PB (7 isolates) and PR (4 isolates). Therefore, palm oil bunches and pineapple rhizomes contained PSB that can be used as LF.
Arthropods inhabiting flowering non-crop plants and adaptive vegetables planted around paddy fields of freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Herlinda Siti , TILI KARENINA  , CHANDRA IRSAN  , YULIA PUJIASTUTI
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Herlinda S, Karenina T, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. Arthropods inhabiting flowering non-crop plants and adaptive vegetables planted around paddy fields of freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3328-3339. Local farmers in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra traditionally plant adaptive flowering vegetables surrounding paddy fields and let wild flowering plants or non-crop plants grow on the embankment. This research aimed to determine the species of non-crop plants and adaptive vegetables surrounding the freshwater swamp paddy fields as habitats and niches of arthropods. This study used four species of flowering non-crop plants (Zinnia sp., Tagetes erecta, Cosmos caudatus, Sesamum indicum) and four species of vegetables (Vigna unguiculata, Momordica charantia, Cucumis sativus, Luffa acutangula) planted around the paddy fields. While the arthropods were collected using sweep nets. There were 24 species of predatory arthropods, three species of parasitoids, 17 species of herbivores, and nine species of neutral insects found in the non-crop plants and vegetables. The non-crop plant and vegetable species that were the most chosen by the predatory arthropods were Zinnia sp. and M. charantia, respectively. Species of the non-crop plants and vegetables chosen by the parasitoids were T. erecta and M. charantia, respectively. Those non-crop plants and adaptive vegetables were also the most chosen plants by the predatory arthropods for their habitats and niches. Therefore, for the conservation of natural enemies, it is better to use Zinnia sp., T. erecta, and M. charantia.