bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Internet Gaming Disorder and Gaming Disorder: Qualitative Content Validity Analysis of Validated Scales
Authors: Karhulahti Veli-Matti , Martončik Marcel , Adamkovic Matus
Published: January 2021

Numerous instruments have been developed to measure gaming-related health problems based on “internet gaming disorder” (IGD) in the third section of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) and “gaming disorder” (GD) in the International Classification of Diseases (11th rev.). However, the criteria in the manuals tend to be operationalized in numerous diverse ways, which can make screening outcomes incomparable. A content validity analysis is needed to reassess the relationships between the diagnostic criteria and the items that operationalize them. The IGD and GD criteria were divided into sematic components. A qualitative content validity analysis was carried out for all items employed by the 17 instruments that claim to measure either construct by their criteria in English. In all but one instrument, the operationalizations did not include all criterion components. There were two main reasons found for this: the components had simply been left out or had been alternatively modified into other components. Criteria that were vaguely described in the manuals were sources of lower content validity items. The study implies that many of the problems in IGD and GD measurement derive from criteria operationalization and original manual descriptions. The conclusion provides practical recommendations that researchers can apply to improve the content validity of their measurement.
Does high variability training improve the learning of non-native phoneme contrasts over low variability training? A replication
Authors: Brekelmans Gwen , Lavan Nadine , Saito Haruka , Clayards Meghan , Wonnacott Elizabeth
Published: January 2021

Acquiring non-native speech contrasts can be difficult. A seminal study by Logan, Lively and Pisoni (1991) established the effectiveness of phonetic training for improving non-native speech perception: Japanese learners of English were trained to perceive /r/-/l/ using minimal pairs over 15 training sessions. A pre/post-test design established learning and generalisation. In a follow up study, Lively, Logan and Pisoni (1993) presented further evidence which suggested that talker variability in training stimuli was crucial in leading to greater generalisation. These findings have been very influential and “high variability phonetic training” is now a standard methodology in the field. However, while the general benefit of phonetic training is well replicated, the evidence for an advantage of high over lower variability training remains mixed. In a large-scale replication of the original studies using updated statistical analyses we test whether learners generalise more after phonetic training using multiple talkers over a single talker. We find that listeners learn in both multiple and single talker conditions. However, in training, we find no difference in how well listeners learn for high vs low variability training. When comparing generalisation to novel talkers after training in relation to pre-training accuracy, we find ambiguous evidence for a high-variability benefit: This means that if a high-variability benefit exists, the effect is much smaller than originally thought, such that it cannot be detected in our sample of 166 listeners.
Social Media Browsing and Adolescent Well-Being: Challenging the “Passive Social Media Use Hypothesis”
Authors: Valkenburg Patti M. , Beyens Ine , Pouwels J. Loes , van Driel Irene Ingeborg , Keijsers Loes
Published: January 2021

A recurring hypothesis in the literature is that “passive” social media use (browsing) leads to negative effects on well-being. This preregistered study investigated a rival hypothesis, which states that the effects of browsing on well-being depend on person-specific susceptibilities to envy, inspiration, and enjoyment. We conducted a three-week experience sampling study among 353 adolescents (13-15 years, 126 assessments per adolescent). Using an advanced N=1 method of analysis, we found sizeable heterogeneity in the associations of browsing with envy, inspiration, and enjoyment (e.g., for envy ranging from β = -.44 to β = +.71). The Passive Social Media Use Hypothesis was confirmed for 20% of adolescents and rejected for 80%. More adolescents with browsing-induced envy experienced negative effects on affective well-being (25%) than adolescents with no browsing-induced envy (13%). Conversely, more adolescents with browsing-induced enjoyment experienced positive effects on affective well-being (47%) than adolescents with no browsing-induced enjoyment (9%).
Pension behavior and policy
Authors: Newall Philip Warren Stirling , Peacey Mike
Published: January 2021

Individuals benefit from smoothing consumption over time, a fact well illustrated in the domain of pension spending. But many potential benefits from consumption smoothing are lost in practice due to an overconsumption in the present and near-future compared to the far-future, which is known as “present bias”. Present bias’s impact on pensioner welfare could potentially be exacerbated by international trends toward greater pension freedoms. However, actual pension spending decisions can involve sudden transitions into bankruptcy, which are hard to reconcile even with behavioral hyperbolical discounting models that are traditionally used to explain present bias. We consider an intertemporal consumption problem from a time-consistent but bounded rationality perspective. In this limited foresight framework, an individual exponentially discounts utilities (at constant rate, r) for a finite amount of time (until S) but ignores utilities that occur beyond that (up to T). The consumption paths implied by this simple model involve sudden transitions into bankruptcy at time S, resembling observed patterns from an international dataset on pension spending. Furthermore, this perspective suggests that individuals could be helped to appropriately smooth consumption over time via policy interventions directed at extending their level of foresight.
The language of regulatory focus: Words used in descriptions of different promotion- and prevention-focused experiences
Authors: Burkins Patricia
Published: January 2021

In research exploring regulatory focus, promotion and prevention have often been operationalized as hopes and duties, respectively. More recently, research has begun to use exploration and self-control instead. The current research analyzed the differences in language used for promotion- and prevention-focused experiences, focusing on duties versus self-control, and hopes versus exploration. I examined the 81 categories of words that Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count provided, focusing on differences in word categories that are used at least 0.5% of the time. Consistent with expectations, descriptions of self-control included more words related to food, exercise, and emotions than descriptions of duties. As expected, descriptions of hopes included more words related to work and achievement than descriptions of exploration. Counter to predictions, exploration did not involve more words in the ingestion, leisure, or motion categories. Similarly, self-control did not involve more words related to sex or money. This research suggests that different operational definitions of regulatory focus could be appropriate to somewhat different domains of activity.
Parental Effort and Outcome Goals_Preprint
Authors: Chang Thai-Tsuan , Lay Keng-Ling , Wu Chi-Shan
Published: January 2021

In many East Asian societies, both Confucian emphasis on effortful learning and the instrumental value of academic grades for attaining social privilege have greatly impacted people’s achievement goals. In this study, we examined whether perceived parental effort goals and outcome goals would function independently from the often noted mastery and performance goals in prior Western literature in explaining East Asian college students’ academic dedication and self-handicapping. The reliability and the construct, concurrent, and incremental validity of newly developed scales for perceived parental effort goals and outcome goals were tested using two samples of Taiwanese students (Ns = 252, 269; 47.6% and 61.7% female; mean age = 20.44, 19.33 years). Results of confirmatory factor analyses supported the four-factor model of effort, outcome, mastery, and performance goals being distinct goal constructs. Hierarchical regression for examining the incremental validity of effort goals and outcome goals indicated that, above and beyond the influence of perceived parental mastery and performance goals, perceived parental effort goals predicted greater self-handicapping behaviors. The inverse effect of perceived parental effort goals in predicting academic adjustment may be explained by students’ sense of academic helplessness, which can be cultivated by prolonged exposure to such parental goals. The regression analyses also found perceived paternal, but not maternal, outcome goals predicted stronger academic dedication, suggesting that East Asian students may interpret paternal interest in test scores as concern for children’s future social and economic wellbeing and perceive similar maternal interest with apprehension.
Metodologías para una conservación preventiva participativa en Arqueología
Authors: Pastor Pérez Ana , Ruiz Martínez Apen
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo presentamos una serie de metodologías que permitan ser el punto de partida para la socialización de la conservación preventiva de yacimientos arqueológicos que se insertan en el ámbito urbano. Se trata de un manuscrito de carácter metodológico donde se reivindica la integración de técnicas etnográficas en las propuestas de conservación de los yacimientos arqueológicos urbanos. Las interacciones que suceden entre los restos y el público, y que deben ser tomadas en cuenta a la hora de hacer propuestas de conservación, serán las protagonistas de este relato narrado por una antropóloga y una conservadora desde el Barri Gòtic de Barcelona. El texto irá analizando desde una óptica interdisciplinaria, aproximativa y reflexiva, cómo las técnicas de observación sistemática, el mapeo, la gestión de riesgos aplicada al patrimonio, son herramientas fundamentales para transformar la conservación preventiva arqueológica en una ciencia dinámica que se adapte a los retos de la arqueología contemporánea.
objetos de ferro nos museus
Authors: Mujica Sallés Jaime , Dos Santos Dode Susana , Silveira Souza Taciane , Poeta Darley Priscila , Monteiro Nascimento Marina , Brauner Lobato Mariana , Siga Peil Martins Maria Waleska , Braga dos Santos Julia
Published: January 2021

As coleções arqueológicas metálicas conformam um grupo de objetos, muitas vezes, altamente susceptíveis à deterioração, que demandam a implementação de rigorosas medidas de conservação preventiva e ou procedimentos específicos de conservação curativa, para assegurar a sua permanência no tempo. Essas coleções podem incluir uma grande diversidade de materiais, de variados formatos, tamanhos e funções, que podem ser de ouro, prata, cobre, chumbo, ferro, ou de ligas, como o bronze, latão, alpaca ou peltre. Os artefatos de ferro, devido à sua tendência a voltar ao estado mineral original, são extremamente instáveis, o que explica a sua rápida deterioração e a sua escassa representação nos museus. O Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Investigação Arqueológica da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (Brasil) vem desenvolvendo pesquisas, desde o ano de 2011, sobre a conservação de coleções arqueológicas metálicas. Um dos objetivos dessas pesquisas é o de fornecer às instituições de menor porte e aos colecionistas particulares, tratamentos alternativos para a estabilização de artefatos de ferro. Foram comparados 12 processos interventivos realizados numa coleção de objetos de ferro, dispostos em ambientes diferentes durante 27 meses. Dessa forma, foi possível também contrastar o resultado desses processos sob condições ambientais e de manipulação diferenciadas. Dentre os tratamentos realizados, destacou-se a imersão em parafina pela sua eficiência na estabilização dos objetos, somada a sua facilidade de operação e aos baixos custos dos insumos.
Sistemas escriturarios Indígenas en torno a los catecismos pictográficos y signográficos Aimaras y Quechuas en cuero y papel
Authors: Rioja Montaño Greby Uriel
Published: January 2021

Esta investigación realiza el análisis, descripción, interpretación y clasificación del contenido catequético, determina la problemática de conservación y pone en valor histórico y técnico los catecismos manuscritos pictográficos y signográficos en cuero y papel de la Subcolección de Escrituras Ideográficas que fueron hallados por el investigador Dick Ibarra Grasso durante el siglo XIX, en la región lindante entre Bolivia y Perú y que actualmente son parte de la colección de escrituras ideográficas andinas del Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas y Museo de la Universidad Mayor de San Simón en Cochabamba – Bolivia. Se trata de piezas de antigüedad desconocida que, debido a factores de diversa índole, se fueron alterando y dañando, llegando en algunos casos a sufrir pérdidas de soporte, lo que, sumado a su complejidad iconográfica, impidió que fueran estudiados, restaurados e interpretados. El estudio identifica las características de las grafías y su función como sistema escriturario, estrategia de enseñanza y método mnemotécnico. Para ello se analizaron minuciosamente treinta catecismos pictográficos, integrados por ocho manuscritos de cuero y veintidós manuscritos en papel, todos ellos compuestos por rezos católicos, combinados con elementos andinos.
Study the Structural Properties and Surface Morphology of CdO thin films prepared by Chemical Spray pyrolysis
Authors: Saleh Karrar Mahdi
Published: January 2021

CdO films were prepared using a chemical spray paralysis (CSP) method on the glass substrate at a temperature of 350 ° C and thickness (260 ± 15 nm), and study the effect time of annealing (0, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5) h at a 450 °C annealing temperature On structural properties.from X-ray diffraction pattern the results showed that all CdO thin films have a polycrystalline crystalline structure and a prevalent growth in the direction (111), and the average grain size (G) in this direction ranges (29.80 - 33.23) nm. It generally increases in value while the agitation values, extraction density, number of crystals decrease by increasing the time of annealing (1-2) h of thin films.And from resulted of Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) the surface roughness , root mean square ( RMS ) and average grain size increase with increasing of annealing time, Expect for melting thin films at temperatures 450 ̊C and for the time of annealing 2.5h note decrease slightly may be the possibility of an occurrence the cracks- free of the thin films component.
A COMPARISON STUDY BETWEEN MODELING THE HEAT AFFECTED ZONE (HAZ) FOR THE LASER CUTTING OF TI-6AL-4V SHEETS BY USING THE ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK METHOD AND MULTI REGRESSION METHOD.
Authors: Mahmood Ekhlas Jabir
Published: January 2021

This research presents an attempt to study the influence of laser cutting parameters which include Thickness, Lens Focal Length, Beam Power, Cutting Speed and Gas Pressure on the parameter of Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) width. Two predictive models have been developed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and multi regression modeling method. The relative importance of laser cutting parameters on (HAZ) width was determined based on (ANN) neuron weights and (ANOVA) method. The comparison between the experimental data with the predicted data indicated that the (ANN) model has attain accuracy of predicting (HAZ) upper than the multi regression model with a coefficient of determination (R2)=85.02%.
On the Transit-Based Evacuation Strategies in an Integrated Network Topology
Authors: Adhikari Iswar Mani , Dhamala Tanka Nath
Published: January 2021

Evacuation planning problem deals with sending the maximum number of evacuees from the danger zone to the safe zone in minimum time as eciently as possible. The dynamic network flow models for various evacuation network topology have been found suitable for the solution of such a problem. Bus based evacuation planning problem (BEPP), as an important variant of the vehicle routing problem (VRP), is one of the emerging evacuation planning problems. In this work, an organized overview of this problem with a focus on their solution status is compactly presented. Arrival patterns of the evacuees including their transshipments at different pickup locations and their assignments are presented. Finally, a BEPP model and a solution for a special network are also proposed.
Approximating the Sum of Infinite Series of Non Negative Terms with reference to Integral Test
Authors: Paudyal Daya Ram
Published: January 2021

This paper describes a method of obtaining approximate sum of infinite series of positive terms by using integrals under its historical background. It has shown the application of improper integrals to determine whether the given innate series is convergent or divergent. Here, the limits of the integrals and the series usually extend to infinity though they may be slowly convergent. We have also established a relation to approximate the sum of infinite series of positive terms with a suitable example.
Rheological Parameter Analysis in Generalized Bulk Mixture Mass Flow Model
Authors: Pokhrel Puskar R , Kattel Parameshwari , Khattri Khim B , Kafle Jeevan
Published: January 2021

Pokhrel et al. recently developed a generalized quasi two-phase bulk mixture model for mass flow. This model has been constructed by employing full dimensional two-phase mass flow model equations. The model is a set of coupled partial differential equations which is characterized by some new mechanical and dynamical aspects of generalized bulk and shear viscosities, pressure, velocities and effective friction for the mixture where all these are evolving as functions of several dynamical variables, physical parameters, inertial and dynamical coefficients and drift factors. They formulated pressure and rate-dependent Coulumbviscoplastic rheology of the mixture mass flow to describe the model equation. Rheological behavior of the flow dynamics affects the whole dynamics of mixture mass flow. So, in this paper, the relations of mixture pressure and viscosity with respect to pressure drifts and solid volume fractions are studied to describe the rheological behavior of the generalized bulk mixture mass flow model. Moreover, the behaviour of mixture viscosities with respect to isotrophic drifts are also analyzed. We also present the simulation result for the time evolution of the drift induced full dynamical mixture pressure of the material exited from a silo gate that moves down slope along a channel.
UJI AKTIVITAS DEKOMPOSISI DARI BEBERAPA INOKULUM KOMERSIAL PADA BERAGAI JENIS BAHAN BERDASARKAN JUMLAH CO2 YANG TERBENTUK
Authors: Ratih Yanisworo Wijaya , Sohilait Dessy Apriyani , Widodo R. Agus
Published: January 2021

Dekomposisi atau perombakan bahan organik merupakan proses biologi yang melibatkan aktivitas mikrobia. Aktivitas perombakan dapat direpresentasikan berdasarkan jumlah CO2 yang dihasilkan. Pengamatan aktivitas dapat digunakan sebagai dasar perbaikan proses dekomposisi, seperti proses pengomposan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pola pembentukan CO2 selama inkubasi, total CO2 yang dihasilkan setelah inkubasi, serta perubahan kadar C dan N bahan setelah mengalami perombakan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 2 faktor. Faktor pertama berupa jenis substrat yang terdri atas tiga aras, yaitu Jerami padi (S1), Enceng gondok (S2), dan Seresah Kedelai (S3). Faktor kedua berupa jenis inokulum, yaitu EM-4 (I1), Promi (I2), dan Stardec (I3), sehingga diperoleh sembilan kombinasi perlakuan. Proses dekomposisi dilakukan selama 8 minggu. Parameter yang diamati meliputi jumlah CO2, kadar C dan N bahan serta C/N ratio. CO2 dianalisis menggunakan metode titrasi, C menggunakan metode Walkley and Black, sedangkan N menggunakan metode Kjeldahl. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan CO2 dari masing-masing perlakuan mencapai maksimum pada pengamatan minggu pertama, total CO2 tertinggi pada substrat jerami dan seresah kedelai berturut-turut terdapat pada substrat yang diinokulasi dengan Stardec (I3) dan EM-4. Kemampuan dekomposisi ke tiga inokulum yang diuji pada substrat eceng gondok rendah. Proses dekomposisi mengakibatkan penurunan kadar C dan N.
PEMETAAN TINGKAT BAHAYA EROSI BERDASARKAN METODE USLE DENGAN STUDI KASUS SIMULASI BERBAGAI TANAMAN DI DESA TAMBI KABUPATEN WONOSOBO
Authors: Syahputra Imam , Saidi Didi , Ratih Yanisworo Wijaya
Published: January 2021

Desa Tambi merupakan kawasan yang memiliki potensi erosi yang tinggi karena iklim, kondisi tanah, dan konservasi yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (a.) Mengetahui laju erosi tanah dan bahaya erosi di Desa Tambi dan (b.) Mengetahui pengaruh simulasi berbagai tanaman terhadap bahaya erosi di Desa Tambi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei, dengan metode pengambilan sampel purposive sampling, dan metode USLE untuk memperkirakan laju erosi. Simulasi bahaya erosi menggunakan 4 jenis tumbuhan yaitu Jogo Beans, Potato, Tea, dan Albizia. Peta dibuat dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak bernama Arcgis 10.2. Titik pengambilan sampel diperoleh dengan melakukan overlay peta sistem lahan seperti peta tata guna lahan dan peta kemiringan lereng. Penelitian ini memperoleh 11 titik pengambilan sampel. Parameter yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah erosivitas hujan (R), erodibilitas tanah (K) meliputi tekstur, struktur, permeabilitas, dan bahan organik tanah, panjang dan kemiringan lereng (LS), tanaman permukaan (C). ), pengelolaan lahan (P), dan kedalaman solum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan laju erosi tertinggi adalah 561,19 ton/ha/tahun dengan luas wilayah 9,56 ha (6,01%), sedangkan laju erosi terendah 0,5 ton /tahun, memiliki luas 13,30 ha (8,36%). Desa Tambi memiliki tingkat erosi rendah 22,66 hektar, tingkat erosi sedang 99,18 hektar, tingkat erosi berat 7,3 hektar, dan tingkat erosi sangat berat 29,91 hektar. Hasil simulasi berbagai tumbuhan mempengaruhi baik laju erosi maupun klasifikasi bahaya erosi.
PENGARUH BAHAN ORGANIK DAN TANAH VERTISOL SEBAGAI PEMBENAH TANAH TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN DAN PELINDIAN KALIUM DI TANAH REGOSOL PASIR PANTAI
Authors: Putra Tedi Kurnia , Afany Miseri Roeslan , Widodo R. Agus
Published: January 2021

Regosol pasir pantai dapat menjadi lahan alternatif dalam pengembangan pertanian terutama di wilayah pesisir. Namun, kendala utama pada lahan pasir pantai untuk pertanian adalah sifat tanah yang bertekstur pasir dengan struktur yang lepas. Selain itu nilai Kapasitas Pertukaran Kation (KPK) yang rendah juga menyebabkan tanah ini sulit untuk menyimpan hara yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman dalam jumlah banyak seperti Kalium (K). Salah satu upaya dalam memperbaiki sifat Regosol pasir pantai adalah dengan penambahan pembenah tanah. Pembenah tanah yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pupuk kandang sapi dan tanah Vertisol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk kandang sapi dan tanah Vertisol sebagai pembenah tanah terhadap ketersediaan dan pelindian Kalium (K) serta terhadap beberapa sifat kimia tanah Regosol pasir pantai. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial 3 ulangan, faktor pertama adalah pupuk kandang sapi dengan 3 aras (dosis 0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, dan 30 ton/ha), dan faktor yang kedua adalah tanah Vertisol dengan 3 aras (dosis 0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, dan 30 ton/ha). Penelitian ini dilakukan di rumah kaca dengan waktu inkubasi selama 30 hari. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan ANOVA pada jenjang nyata 5% dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test) pada jenjang 5%. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan penambahan pupuk kandang sapi berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter K-tersedia tanah, K-terlindi, pH tanah, C-organik tanah, dan Kapasitas Pertukaran Kation (KPK). Penambahan tanah Vertisol juga berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter K-tersedia tanah, K-terlindi, pH tanah, C-organik tanah, dan Kapasitas Pertukaran kation (KPK). Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dibanding tanah vertisol, dengan dosis pemberian terbaik sebesar 30 ton/ha.
PERKEMBANGAN TANAH DARI BAHAN INDUK VULKANIK DI DESA CILELES, KECAMATAN JATINANGOR
Authors: Herdiansyah Ganjar , Sofyan Emma Trinurani , Bawana Saedi , Herawati Aktavia
Published: January 2021

Proses pembentukan dan perkembangan tanah di lokasi penelitian merupakan langkah awal untuk diketahui dalam upaya mendapatkan informasi karakteristik tanah. Pengembangan lahan pertanian memerlukan informasi dasar tentang tanah dengan mengetahui semua sifat atau karakteristik tanah tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses perkembangan tanah yang berkembang dari bahan induk vulkanik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif dan survei, pengamatan tanah dilakukan dengan pembuatan profil tanah. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan tanah di Cileles berkembang dari bahan volkan basaltik yang menunjukkan adanya ketidaksinambungan litologi (lithologic discontinuity), tingkat perkembangan tanah berlangsung pada tahap viril atau kambik dan klasifikasi tanah menurut soil taxonomy 2014 kategori sub group yaitu Fluventic Humudepts.
Theoretical studies of the electron paramagnetic resonance parameters and local structures for Cu2+ in (100-2x)TeO2-xAg2O-xWO3 glasses
Authors: Dong H.-N. , Zhang R.
Published: January 2021

The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) parameters and local structures for Cu2+ in (100-2x)TeO2-xAg2O-xWO3 (TAW) (7.5 ≤ x ≤ 30 mol %) glasses are quantitatively studied for distinct modifier concentrations x. The octahedral Cu2+ centers are subject to the medium tetragonal elongations of about 2% along the C4 axis due to the Jahn-Teller effect. By utilizing only three adjusted coefficients a, b and ω, the quantities (Dq, k, t and κ) can be suitably characterized by the Fourier type functions, which reasonably account for the experimental concentration dependences of the d-d transition bands and EPR parameters. The calculation results are discussed, and the mechanisms of the above concentration dependences of these quantities are illustrated by the modifications of the local structures and the electron cloud distribution around the Cu2+ dopant with the variations of the concentration x.
Modeling of the deuteron wave function in coordinate representation and calculations of polarization characteristics
Authors: Zhaba V. I.
Published: January 2021

Modeling of the deuteron wave function in coordinate representation for the nucleon-nucleon potential Reid93 were performed. For this purpose, the asymptotics of the radial wave function near the origin of coordinates and at infinity are taken into account. The most simple and physical asymptotics were applied. In this case, the superfluous knots of both components of the deuteron wave function for the coordinate value r=0.301 fm were compensated. Taking into account the asymptotics of the wave function has little effect on the general behavior of the calculated polarization characteristics of t20 and Ауу. Particular points of the transmitted momentum have been identified, where the tensor deuteron polarization t20 and the tensor analyzing power Ауу show a clear difference.
Statistical evaluation of the performance of free-space-optical link affected by optical turbulence with gamma-gamma distribution through time series generated by simulation
Authors: Lopez-Leyva J. A. , Arvizu-Mondragon A. , Santos-Aguilar J. , Mendieta-Jimenez F. J.
Published: January 2021

In this article, the statistical evaluation of the performance of FSO links subject to dynamic fluctuations of atmospheric optical turbulence that affect the instantaneous value of the received optical power is presented. We reproduce this temporal domain effect with time series generated by simulation considering the optical turbulence as a stochastic process with Gamma-Gamma probability distribution. Also, a phase screen was used in order to observe the impact that optical turbulence has over the optical information field's spatial phase. With our simulations, it is possible to get the two most essential performance parameters required for the practical implementation of FSO links. We obtained the mean signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the mean bit error rate (BER) of FSO links affected by optical turbulence with Gamma-Gamma distribution.  The methodology presented in this paper may be readily used to design and implement real-world FSO links.
Laser cavity with a Van der Pol dynamics
Authors: Lozano M. , Kir’yanov A. , Pisarchik A. , Aboites V.
Published: January 2021

In this article, a beam within a ring phase conjugated laser is described by means of a Van der Pol bidimensional dynamic map using an ABCD matrix approach. Explicit expressions for the intracavity chaos-generating matrix elements were obtained; furthermore, computer calculations for different values of Van der Pol map’s parameters were made. The rich dynamic behavior displays periodicity when the parameter ¹ (which determines the non-inearity term) takes values around zero. These results were observed in phase diagrams and in diagrams of the optical thickness of the intracavity element.
The new P-chalcopyrite compound Cu2FeIn2Se5; synthesis, thermal analysis (DTA), and crystal structure analysis by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD)
Authors: Delgado G. E. , Grima-Gallardo P. , Aitken J. A. , Cárdenas A. , Brito I.
Published: January 2021

The Cu2FeIn2Se5 alloy, belonging to the system (CuInSe2)1-x(FeSe)x with x= ⅓, was synthesized by the melt and annealing technique. The differential thermal analysis (DTA) indicates that this compound melts at 1017 K. The crystal structure of this new quaternary compound was established using powder X-ray diffraction. Cation distribution analysis indicates that this material crystallizes in a P-chalcopyrite structure, space group P2c (Nº 112), with unit cell parameters a = 6.1852(2) Å, c = 12.3633(9) Å, V = 472.98(4) Å3. Cu2FeIn2Se5 is a new adamantane type compound derivative of the sphalerite structure, and consists of a three-dimensional arrangement of distorted CuSe4, FeSe4, and InSe4 tetrahedral connected by common faces.
The adsorption behaviour of lysozyme as a potential antibiofouling agent
Authors: Jalaludin Anil , Bremer Phil , Monk Brian , McQuillan Jim
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Biofilms can be problematic or beneficial. Reports on the underlying adsorption in such context-dependent fouling phenomena have been extensive. However, the mechanisms involved is scarce and appears adsorbate or foulant-specific. Methods: In this study, attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy was used to probe the solid-liquid interfacial phenomena involving lysozyme for assessing its surface antibacterial actions. Results: Lysozyme preferentially adsorbed more on to the hydrophilic coated ZnSe IR prism than to an uncoated ZnSe IR prism. Data on discrete adsorption rates suggested that lysozyme was adsorbing as multi-layer aggregates on to the ZnSe prism, and showed faster adsorptiondesorption patterns on an uncoated compared to a TiO2-coated ZnSe IR prism. A novel phosphate-modified TiO2 coating material for ZnSe IR prism was prepared as adsorbate which increased the negative charge on the TiO2 surface via P-O-Ti coordinated linkages, increasing the initial rate of lysozyme adsorption. Enhanced adsorption of lysozyme was achieved by increasing both the solution pH and NaCl concentration. Maximum adsorption occurred at pH 11 which corresponded to the protein’s isoelectric pH. Conclusions: ATR-IR spectroscopy has proved to be a useful method to study surface adsorption of antibacterial agents such as lysozyme for further explorations into approaches to control biofouled surfaces.
The functional outcome and quality of life following open diaphyseal tibial fractures
Authors: Yusof Nazri Mohd , Noor Rahin Mohd Shahidan
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The clinical outcome of open tibia fracture been extensively studied in many institutions. However, the functional outcome and quality of life has not been widely studied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the functional outcome and quality of life for patients with open tibia fracture that were treated in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan. Methods: Between 2009 and 2010, we treated 33 patients with open diaphyseal tibial fractures with a minimum period of one year follow up. There were 31 males and 2 females; the mean age of 29 years old (range: 10 to 60). Four patients sustained open fracture grade I, 13 grade II, 12 grade IIIA and 4 with grade IIIB. All patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria were called for interview in the clinic by the investigator. The outcome that were analyzed include health related quality of life (SF36) and Lower Extremity Functional Score (LEFS). Results: All except one fracture achieve union. One patient with grade IIIB open fracture developed infected non union. Quality of life is satisfactory in all domains. The functional outcome score was significantly reduced in grade IIIB (48.5) as compare to other grade (grade I 74.2, grade II 70.4, grade IIIA 74.1). Conclusions: The quality of life and the functional outcome worsened with increasing severity of fracture.
Analytical Method Validation (AMV) of Paracetamol Honey Suspension
Authors: Hassan Irda Haslinda , Mohamed Farahidah , Haris Muhammad Salahuddin
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Paracetamol (PCM) suspension that is available in the market is formulated with high sugar content and more than 7 excipients to stabilize and to mask the bitter taste of PCM suspension. This oral suspension is indicated to alleviate minor ailments and fever, especially in a paediatric patient and elderly patient which having difficulty in swallowing. However, the high sugar content of PCM suspension may lead to a lot of health problems and make it PCM suspension no longer suitable is for the long term. Therefore, the formulated PCM honey suspension could be treated as an alternative approach instead of existing commercial one. Methods: The usage of honey for replacing the sucrose and sorbitol in PCM suspension is the main concern of this study. Results: In these contexts, the accurate and specific instrument which is High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) can be used to validate PCM honey suspension based on the requirement stated under ICH Q2 (R1). Conclusions: Thus, it could be concluded that the proposed analytical method could be a precise and specific one to be used in accordance with the purpose of validation of PCM honey suspension.
Prevalence, Symptom Severity And Risk Factors Of Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Dental Therapists In Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Karim Faizah , Abdul Razak Ishak
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Dental therapists are one of the main dental workforce in Malaysia and are exposed to various risk factors of MSD. However, studies on MSD among dental therapists are limited. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, the sites affected, the symptom severity, the impact, the risk factors and the association between individual, biomechanical, physical and psychosocial risk factors with prevalence of MSD among dental therapists. Materials and Methods: A survey was conducted using self-administered questionnaire which was distributed to all dental therapists in Perak, Terengganu and Kuala Lumpur in February 2017, from which a response rate of 89.2% was achieved. Results: There was a high prevalence of MSD (87.5%) among the respondents. The MSD was found to be affecting mainly the back (69.7%), neck (66.7%), shoulders (58.7%) and wrists/hands (50.2%) while MSD of the elbow and lower extremities was found to more severe and often affect their daily work. Most of the respondents who reported MSD accommodated their own symptoms with analgesics or sought alternative treatment (20.1%). Majority reported that they often used vibratory instruments (76.1%), involved in biomechanical risk activities, and perceived that they have a high job demand and lack of authority to make decisions related to work. Age (OR: 3.58; 95% CI: 1.644, 7.773), number of extractions (OR: 4.69; 95% CI: 1.348, 16.327) as well as psychosocial factors (OR: 4.05; 95% CI: 1.547, 10.613) were significantly associated with prevalence of MSD. Conclusion(s): Therefore, preventive measures should be implemented to reduce the burden of MSD.
The Root Length Of Mandibular Second Molar By Using Periapical Radiography On Batak Ethnics Aged 18-22 Years In Faculty Of Dentistry University Of Sumatera Utara
Authors: Kartika Dewi , Putri Rizky Agustin
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Mandibular second molar teeth often undergoes dental problem. The root length of mandibular second molar should be known to assist in determining treatment of endodontic plan. However the length of root of each individual varies, therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the average of the root length of mandibular second molar on Batak ethnics by using periapical radiography. Periapical radiography is the most accurate method to evaluate the root length of mandibular second molar. Materials and Methods: The method of this research was descriptive with cross sectional approach. The number of samples were 50 students selected by purposive sampling and the data were collected by questionnaire and x-ray photographs. The research was conducted in Radiology Dental of Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry,University of Sumatera Utara, on March and April 2016. Results: The root length of mandibular second molar on Batak ethnic student in Faculty of Dentistry University of Sumatera Utara was 9-18 mm. Conclusion(s): It can be concluded that average of the root length of mandibular second molar for the mesial is 13.9 mm and at distal root is 12.4 mm.
Integration of Islamic Perspectives into Medical Imaging Curriculum: an Outcome Based Education Approach
Authors: Zainuddin Zainul Ibrahim
Published: January 2021

This paper presents a conceptual approach to the integration of Islamic perspectives into a Medical Imaging Curriculum to the concept of Outcome-Based Education (OBE). This work is seen within the context of harmonising Islamic principles to a currently accepted concept in education. Although there have been discussions that question the concept of OBE, this paper contends that the integration can benefit from the practicality aspect of OBE. This can reduce the complexities and fatigue in addressing the integration using an educational approach that is different to that being applied to the human sciences. This paper features the main elements in OBE in the form of Islamic programme educational objectives, Islamic programme outcomes, and Islamic domain learning outcomes. The justification to use domain learning outcomes instead of course learning outcome is given. The teaching and learning strategies, as well as the assessment, are examined through a lens that serves to provide a desirable, practical and holistic model of Islamic integration. It is felt that the currently accepted teaching and assessment methodologies can be adapted for the integration exercise. This work also highlights two often overlooked elements of OBE; teacher and student characteristics. The various terminologies that describe the Islamic teacher characteristics and the differences in student learning styles and preferences are presented. Furthermore, suggestions are made to align the assessment of the integration to various taxonomies of learning, with the aim in evaluating the internalisation of the Islamic essences. This work contents that a holistic approach towards integration of Islamic perspectives into Medical Imaging curriculum can be realised.
Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Antenatal and Postnatal Mothers in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (Htaa), Kuantan, Pahang 2016
Authors: Ikhsan Liyana Nabihah , Nasaruddin Nur Asifa Mohd , Othman Farhana , Abd Aziz Karimah Hanim , Ismail Hamizah
Published: January 2021

Background: Balanced and sufficient maternal nutritional intake ensures not only the wellbeing of pregnant mother, fetus, and newborn (protection of life) but also her future health and her three generations (protection of progeny). Nutritional inadequacies during pregnancy have been reported and several factors were attributed. The objectives were to measure nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) during pregnancy and the relationship with socio-demographic characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 antenatal and postnatal mothers in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Pahang, Malaysia from 18th July to 27th August 2016. A pre-tested self-constructed, interview-guided questionnaire was used. Independent variables were age, ethnicity, educational level, marital status, and monthly household income. Outcomes were nutritional KAP-level with median used for the categorization. The relationship between independent variables and outcomes was obtained by logistic regression with significance at p<0.05. Results: Sixty-five percent aged from 25 to 34, 84% Malays, 37% completed secondary education with SPM/O-level, 96% married, 48% from middle-income family, 52% had a good nutritional knowledge, 67% with a positive attitude and 55% with good practice. Age and educational level were significantly related to knowledge. The only educational level was significantly related to practice. Less than 70% of respondents have good nutritional KAP, reflected by educational level with more than half of them received up to secondary education. Hence, the rights of mothers in getting a necessary and adequate education should be fulfilled. Conclusion: Results emphasize the importance of empowering girls and women with adequate educations and to strengthen the nutritional and health education of our educational system. It is for them to be knowledgeable with good attitude and practicing healthy nutritional lifestyle as they entering reproductive life, maintaining and transferring at least optimum healthy life to their progenies.
Bacteriology in Diabetic Foot Infections: A Multicentre Crosssectional Study in Malaysia and Comparison with Southeast Asia Countries
Authors: Ren Yi Kow
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major non-communicable disease in Malaysia and Southeast Asian Countries. In this study, we aimed to determine the microbiological profile of diabetic foot infection and the antibiotic susceptibility in Malaysia and to compare our findings with that from other Southeast Asia countries. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three district hospitals (Bentong, Raub and Kuala Lipis) from the 1 st January to the 31st December 2016. Microbiological profiles of intra-operative deep tissue and bone samples from diabetic foot infection were included. Studies reporting the microbiological profiles from Southeast Asia countries were reviewed and the data were extracted for comparison. Results: A high incidence of gram negative pathogens was isolated (73.4%). The predominant pathogens isolated included Staphylococcus sp (17.5%), Klebsiella sp (17%), Pseudomonas sp (15.4%) and Proteus sp (13.8%). Among those gram negative pathogens tested, a high number of them were resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. They were sensitive to imipenem (98.9%), tazosin (97.7%) and ampicillin-sulbactam (84.8%). All Southeast Asian countries studied except Singapore have high gram negative to gram positive pathogens ratio. Conclusion: The empirical antibiotics should be tailored to the local bacteriological profiles of diabetic foot infection.
The Effects of Holy Quran Recitation on Physiological Stress Response in Mechanically Ventilated Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ramly Nur Fariza , Mat Nor Mohd Basri , Md Ralib Azrina , Ibrahim Nur Atiyah , Mohd Hadzir Nor Adibah , Zainol Bahar Nur Atiqah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients are exposed to stress due to the disease, intervention and surroundings. Pharmacological treatment is commonly used to reduce stress however it could give adverse effects. This study examined whether listening to Quranic recitation helps in reducing stress by observing the effects on vital signs, pain score, anxiety score and serum cortisol level. Methodology: Forty mechanically ventilated ICU patients of IIUM Medical Centre who fulfilled weaning criteria were randomised into Quran (n=7) and control groups (n=23). Patients in the Quran group received 30 minutes of uninterrupted bed rest while listening to Surah Al-Mulk via mp3 player followed by 30 minutes bed rest. For control group, 60 minutes of uninterrupted bed rest was allocated. APACHE score, SOFA score, pain score, anxiety score, serum procalcitonin and serum cortisol were taken before and after intervention. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic (sBP) and diastolic (dBP) blood pressure were recorded at 5 minute intervals throughout the intervention period. Results: In the Quran group, vital signs showed decreasing trend from minute 0-30 but increased after minute 60. Both pain and anxiety scores in Quran group showed decreasing trend throughout 60 minutes. In control, the vital signs, pain and anxiety score are unchanged. Serum cortisol in both groups showed increasing trend after the intervention. Conclusion: This preliminary finding demonstrated the potential effects of listening to Quranic recitation in reducing physiological stress response in mechanically ventilated ICU patients. The small sample size may explain decreasing trends but non-statistically significant results.
A Study on the Reasons for Retirement: A Focus on Age as a Major Factor
Authors: Mohd Noar Zaihan
Published: January 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the reasons that influence individuals to plan for retirement. A survey was conducted among employees of the International Islamic University Malaysia in Kuantan. Reasons to retire are almost similar across the globe, given that the basic needs of human beings are similar. There are many studies and literatures that investigate the factors that influence retirement which relates to the socio-economic factor such as retirement age, income, and gender. De Vaney identified that age and income are the important factors that act as a guide to pre-retirees in their retirement planning process.1 In this study, attaining the retired age is the main factor that relate to the individual’s planning for retirement. Other factors include household income, family and health. The findings of this study are parallel to the other research based on the analysis of the available literature review. Several implications emerge from these empirical findings. First, employees should prepare a proper retirement planning in their life and second, the authorities should provide better care and facilities to retirees.