bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Conservation and Energy Audit as an Energy Saving Effort at MSTP UNDIP (case study of MSTP Undip Jepara)
Authors: Denis  , Sinuraya E W , Sudjadi  , Utsman F
Published: December 2022

Conservation and energy saving audits on the consumer side are carried out to reduce the rate of energy use so that energy is not wasted. The MSTP Undip Jepara building was chosen as the object of the audit due to the absence of an energy audit report as a form of energy saving plan. Energy audits are carried out using the energy consumption intensity method to determine the efficiency level of the building based on the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 13 of 2012 and the significant energy users method to determine the distribution of energy consumption on installed equipment so that energy saving opportunities can be saved. Based on the calculation results, the MSTP Building is in the category of efficient energy consumption with the energy consumption intensity of air-conditioned and non air-conditioned buildings in 2021 with value 9.0 kWh/m2/month and 4.9 kWh/m2/month. Energy saving opportunities savings in the no/low cost category, the resulting savings are Rp. 31,963,190, medium cost Rp. 18,490,311, and high cost Rp. 582,503. Savings include setting air-conditioned temperature, reducing air-conditioned operating hours, replacing TL Neon and Spiral lamps with LEDs, as well as replacing conventional PCs with All-in-one PCs
Design optimization analysis on the performance of BLDC motors on electric bicycles
Authors: Arifin Z. , Adiyasa I W , Rasid M A Hizami
Published: December 2022

Optimal design results in maximum motor performance. This type of BLDC motor has undergone design innovations such as surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) with variants such as: radial magnet, rectangular magnet, and bread-loaf. The position of the outer rotor is a motor design that is commonly applied to electric bicycles. The position of the magnet attached to the side of the electric motor body allows for superior torque performance. In this paper, we present an analysis of the BLDC motor on an electric bicycle that has been implemented. The motor used uses the outer rotor SPM geometry with a power of 500W. Parameter changes made are slot depth, tooth width, and comparing the basic design with the Halbach array design using 2 and 3 magnets. Changes in these parameters have an impact on power, torque, speed, and efficiency.
Decision Support System of Salt Points Grouping Using K-Means Method
Authors: Kustiyahningsih Y , Rahmanita E , Rochman E M S , Imamah  , Amalina A , Sobri M H A
Published: December 2022

Madura Island is known as Salt Island. Madura has always been one of the major contributors to the national salt production. However, the resulting salt production has not been able to meet the needs of national salt and salt for public consumption. There are 4 salt producing districts in Madura, namely Sampang, Bangkalan, Sumenep and Pamekasan. There are several factors that affect the low productivity of salt, including weather and climate, undeveloped technology, inadequate means and infrastructure for smallholder salt production, and marketing of people’s salt is still on a local scale. The purpose of this study is to create and design a decision support system application for grouping salt ponds to increase the productivity and economy of the Madurese community, especially salt farmers in Sampang and Bangkalan districts. The method used for grouping salt ponds is the K-Means Clustering method. This method can divide or partition salt pond data into several clusters according to the characteristics of each data. The grouping of salt ponds is based on several criteria data, namely land area, land status, labor, capital, production, profit, education, and experience of salt farmers. The results of this study resulted in 3 clusters for salt ponds with high productivity (C1) of 46%, medium productivity (C2) of 31% and low productivity (C3) of 23%.
Classification of Corn Diseases using Random Forest, Neural Network, and Naive Bayes Methods
Authors: Ubaidillah A , Rochman E M S , Fatah D A , Rachmad A
Published: December 2022

Corn is one of the staple foods consumed by many people after rice plants, especially in Indonesia. High consumer demand requires corn production in large quantities to meet these needs. However, corn production is not always in large quantities due to several factors, namely diseases in corn plants. Unhealthy corn plants can reduce the amount of production. Healthy and unhealthy corn plants can be identified manually, but this method is not efficient, so in this study, it is proposed to classify corn diseases using the Random Forest, Neural Network, and Nave Bayes methods. The dataset used is a collection of corn leaf images taken from farmers’ fields in the Madura Region with four target classes, namely healthy, gray leaf spot, blight, and common rust. Based on the test results, the classification using the Neural Network method provides a better accuracy value than the other two methods in classifying corn leaf datasets, namely the AUC value reaches 90.09%, classification accuracy is 74.44%, f1 score is 72.01%, precision is 74.14% and recall by 74.43%.
Salt Commodity Data Clustering Using Fuzzy C-Means
Authors: Fuad M. , Rochman E. M. S. , Rachmad A.
Published: December 2022

Indonesia has a sea area of about 96,079.15 km2 rich in natural resources. The advantage is in the form of abundant natural resources in the sea including fish and salt. Several regions such as Cirebon, Indramayu, Rembang, and Madura contribute to the salt pond commodity which is extremely valuable for Indonesia. These resources need to be monitored and inventoried appropriately. Local people are difficult and increasingly cornered to compete in the salt trade. For the strategic commodity group, by maintaining the stability of the salt commodity in the community with its irreplaceable function, the salt trade system is regulated. The purpose of this research is to use the Fuzzy C-Means Clustering method for grouping national salt commodities. This study used a test with 10 clusters for the distribution of training and testing data purposes. The research trials were carried out using the mean imputation method and grouping using the Fuzzy C-Means Clustering method. The test results of the Fuzzy C-Means Clustering method using the Silhouette Coefficient method show that the Fuzzy C-Means Clustering method with the calculation of the closest distance using Manhattan Distance is the best choice in research with the results obtained in the Silhouette Coefficient assessment is at a value of 0.274880 with a value of k = 2.
Prediction and Analysis of Energy Consumption in Fused Deposition Processing Based on G-code
Authors: Zhang Zequan , Zhao Gang , Shen Fan
Published: December 2022

In order to solve the problem of energy consumption prediction in the fused deposition process, an energy consumption prediction method is proposed by associating G-code files with fused deposition hardware. This method systematically studies the energy consumption in the process of fused deposition 3D printing by analyzing the relationship between G code files and fused deposition 3D printers. Starting from the energy consumption mechanism, a prediction model of fused deposition energy consumption for G code files is proposed. By obtaining the specific parameters of the fused deposition processing equipment and the selected experimental model, the experimental process parameter level is designed, and the orthogonal experiment is carried out to predict the energy consumption of the fusion processing in detail. The verification shows that the method can not only predict an accuracy rate of more than 90%, but also effectively predict the optimal process parameter value, which fully proves that the prediction method has high prediction accuracy and good practicability, and can be used for model processing. Provide tool support for energy consumption prediction before processing, saving production costs.
Nonlinear Dynamic Numerical Analysis of Solid-liquid Separation Rolling Bearing-Rotor System Finite Element Discrete Modeling
Authors: Pan Zhiwei , Jiang Yongxiang , Xia Hongchao , Ge Min , Ma Yiwen
Published: December 2022

Based on a rolling bearing-single disc rotor, centrifugal force is generated due to the influence of unbalanced factors such as rotor eccentric excitation, bearing restraint stiffness, and rotating stator clearance, which leads to the imbalance of the rotor system, resulting in the problem of friction between the rotor and the stator. This paper establishes a dynamic model of a single-disk rotor supported by rolling bearings, and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical integration method is used to solve it. Bifurcation behavior and nonlinear dynamic response at a rotational speed. The results show that the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the system are significantly different due to changes in elliptic eccentricity, rotational speed, and bearing constraint stiffness; when the rotational speed increases, the system gradually appears bifurcation, quasi-periodic motion, and instability increases. Therefore, reasonable selection of the working speed of the rotor and the gap between the stator and the rotor can reduce the non-periodic vibration caused by the unbalanced force and improve the stability of the system operation.
Synchronization Control of Two Digital Hydraulic Cylinders Based on Cross-coupling
Authors: Hu Xiangru , Yu Wenhui , Li Xu
Published: December 2022

According to the problem that the displacement of a traditional digital hydraulic cylinder cannot be adjusted in real-time, a synchronous control algorithm for a double digital hydraulic cylinder is proposed based on the cross-coupling control strategy. AMESim simulation of the dual-cylinder synchronization control system shows that the control algorithm not only makes the digital hydraulic cylinder track the input signal accurately, but also improves robustness and synchronization performance.
Application of Fuzzy Control Algorithm in First-order Inverted Pendulum System
Authors: Qi Han
Published: December 2022

The inverted pendulum system is widely used in the study of control theory. There are many advantages of the inverted pendulum: the equipment is cheap, and it features a simple structure and easy regulation. But since the inverted pendulum system is also a typical nonlinear, multivariable system, it’s a really difficult thing to keep it stable. Because of this, it’s important to figure out a way to stabilize the system. More importantly, new control methods will be discovered during the process, and these new methods can be used in many other different systems. The inverted pendulum system can reflect performances such as robustness, mobility and tracking performance. Its dynamic condition is similar to a human walk, and its steady state is similar to the launch system on a rocket’s motion attitude, so the study of the inverted pendulum system is also important to the robot and rocket area. This paper describes the construction of a mathematical model of a first-order inverted pendulum, and the process of designing the fuzzy controller based on the related fuzzy control rules. It also conducts the optimization of the fuzzy controller using a genetic algorithm. After using MATLAB’s Simulink module to simulate the inverted pendulum system and adjust the parameters of the controller, the system could finally reach a stable status within a short period of time, from all kinds of original status, and have anti-jamming performance.
Quality Control (QC) of FBK preproduction 3D Si sensors for ATLAS HL-LHC Upgrades
Authors: Sultan D M S , Abdulla Samy M.A. , Ye J.X. , Boscardin M. , Ficorella F. , Ronchin S. , Dalla Betta G.-F.
Published: December 2022

The challenging demands of the ATLAS High Luminosity (HL-LHC) Upgrade aim for a complete swap of new generation sensors that should cope with the ultimate radiation hardness. FBK has been one of the prime foundries to develop and fabricate such radiation-hard 3D silicon (Si) sensors. These sensors are chosen to be deployed into the innermost layer of the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk). Recently, a pre-production batch of 3D Si sensors of 50 × 50 μm2 pixel geometry, compatible with the full-size ITKPix (RD53B) readout chip, was fabricated. Two wafers holding temporary metal were diced at IZM, Germany, and a systematic QC test campaign was carried out at the University of Trento electronics laboratory. The paper briefly describes the 3D Si sensor design for ATLAS ITk and the required QC characterization setups. It comprises electrical tests (i.e., I-V, C-V, and I-T) of non-irradiated RD53B sensors. In addition, the study of several parametric analyses, i.e., oxide charge density, oxide thickness, inter-pixel resistance, inter-pixel capacitance, etc., are reported with the aid of Process Control Monitor (PCM) structures.
Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Concentration at Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Kusin Kitso , Sulistiyanto Yustinus , Usup Aswin , Ardianor
Published: December 2022

Peatland forest fires cause high concentrations of gases and particles in the air, especially carbon monoxide (CO) and PM2.5 which are very dangerous for health. Continuous monitoring of gas and particulate concentrations must be carried out during dry and rainy seasons so that the impact of hazards can be immediately identified and actions can be taken to overcome them. Monitoring equipment was placed from south to north at fire-prone locations to see the effect of wind and vegetation on the CO and PM2,5 concentrations. The concentration of Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Particulate Matter (PM2.5) at Central Kalimantan in the dry season is higher than in the rainy season. In the dry season of 2019, CO concentration in four locations was between 7104.1 – 22,127.5 µg/m3, while in 2021, it was the rainy season, so the CO concentration in six locations was lower, ranging from 38.7 – 1371.5 µg/m3. In the dry season of 2019, PM2,5 concentration in four locations was 196.8 – 360.5 µg/m3, while in 2021, at six locations was 5.0 – 40.0 µg/m3. The high concentration of CO and PM2.5 in the dry season needs to be anticipated with a serious handling program to prevent forest and peat fires
Utilization of Denim Waste into Debric Board
Authors: Oktaviani Winda , Masjud Yunita Ismail
Published: December 2022

More than one billion pieces of denim are sold every year. The consumptions from North America are 39%, West Europe 20%, East Asia 20%, and the rest of it, including Indonesia, is 13%. This study aims to know the comparation between denim waste become particle boards toward SNI as a national standard through several variables. The variables are water content, thickness increment, density, acidity, and alkalinity resistance. Making the sample refers to the particle board-making process, such as preparation, mixing, gluing, pressing, and drying. On the other hand, this study’s method for the test is based on SNI 03-2105-2006 about Particle Board and SNI 01-7201-2006 Plywood and Beautiful Paper-faced Blockboard. The sample test divided by four ratios, 100%:100% (a), 75%:25% (b), 50%:50% (c), and 25%:75% (d). The result of this study showed that the water content test is the only variable influenced by the sample’s ratio. At the same time, sample A is the perfect sample with a ratio of 100% because sample A complied with the water content, thickness test, density test, and minor damage on acidity and alkalinity resistance test. It can conclude that denim waste has the potential to be improved as interior materials such as particle board.
Effect of Control Temperature on The Performance of PV Modules Using Active Water-Spray Cooler
Authors: Thang Le Vinh , Cuong Ngo Xuan , Minh Nguyen Duc , Nhu Y Do
Published: December 2022

As a result of the greenhouse effect and climate change, renewable energy is gradually replacing traditional electricity sources today. Photovoltaic (PV) technology, in particular, is gaining popularity worldwide, but low efficiency is a challenge that must be overcome. This paper describes an experimental method for determining the effect of control temperature on the performance of PV modules equipped with an active water-spray cooler. The study chose two polycrystalline silicon PV modules with identical specifications, and the experimental evaluation results show that the capacity difference is less than 1%. Through experimental results, this study has shown that on sunny days the daily energy output of PV modules using an active water-spray cooler improves over reference PV modules by 3% to 5%. With increasing temperature control, the performance improvement becomes less. When the control temperature is lower, the working time of the pump motor during the day increases, increasing its power consumption and affecting the proposed system’s performance improvement. In addition, with the control temperature at 45°C, the performance improvement was highest in the experimental results. The findings of the study can be used to build future experimental models.
The Drivers of Food Loss at the Farm Level: A Study of Farmers in Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Simamora Liska , Zebua Damara Dinda Nirmalasari , Handayani Widhi
Published: December 2022

Food loss and waste (FLW) contribute to adverse economic and environmental impacts. In Indonesia, the agriculture sector is the primary source of income for 38,78 million people, and food loss is a significant issue. At the farm level, food loss falls into two categories: food that is never harvested and food that is lost between the point of harvest and sale. The term “food loss” is frequently used to refer to agricultural production that is lost unintentionally. This research aims to identify the drivers of food loss at the farm level in Indonesia using a case study of farmers in Salatiga City, Central Java Province of Indonesia. The farmers’ survey was distributed in Salatiga’s most significant urban village (Sidorejo Lor), with n=22 farmers. Using descriptive quantitative analysis, the study found that farmers are not well informed about the issue of food loss. The food loss drivers at the farm level include the presence of pests and disease, human error during manual harvesting, and gaps in appropriate harvesting technology, which results in substantial crop loss.
Isotherm Coefficient for Benzene and Toluene Adsorption on Granular Activated Carbon for Preparation of Biobarrier
Authors: Rineksa Galih , Bustomy Achmad , Park Don-Hee , Gozan Misri
Published: December 2022

Biobarrier combines the adsorption and biodegradation processes which are carried out simultaneously. This method can increase the rate of contaminant reduction, reduce contaminant toxicity and extend the life of activated carbon. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of benzene and toluene adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC). The ratio of adsorption in the expanded bed to the fixed bed determines the operating conditions in the benzene biodegradation process experiment. The results showed that the GAC was distributed in the micropore and mesopore regions with a pore diameter of 15 Å to 23 Å. The molecular diameters for benzene and toluene are 5.285 Å and 5.72 Å, respectively, which fit the pores. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon can be represented well using the Freundlich equation. Freundlich’s constants for benzene and toluene are Kf = 17.87 (1/n = 0.46) and Kf = 25.88 (1/n = 0.45).
Effect of Voltage Unbalances on the Performance of a Three-phase Transformer
Authors: Cuong Ngo Xuan , Tuan Le Anh , Do Nhu Y
Published: December 2022

Mitigation and adaptation to climate change have been major driving forces in modernizing electric power infrastructure. Low power quality has a significant impact on electrical equipment efficiency. Voltage unbalances one of the issues with low power quality. This study used a simulation method for a power supply with a voltage unbalance to evaluate the effect of voltage unbalance on the performance of 3-phase transformers. The research results show that when voltage unbalance occurs, the working point with the maximum efficiency shifts and transformer efficiency is reduced in all load cases. When there is an increase in VUF, the efficiency of the transformer is reduced. With a small VUF, the drop is insignificant, but when the VUF is greater than 3%, the drop starts to increase. In the case of voltage unbalance, when the positive sequence voltage is greater than the phase voltage, both the no-load loss and the load loss increase significantly. Both these losses are reduced when the positive sequence voltage is less than the phase voltage. Due to phase shift, both these losses are almost unchanged. The research results are the starting point for general studies on voltage unbalance and power quality.
The Effect of The Combination of Zeolite and Activated Biochar-Based Sugarcane Bagasse on The Increase of CH4in Biogas with A Different Time Variation
Authors: Amalia Adinda Putri , Pertiwiningrum Ambar , Fitriyanto Nanung Agus
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of variation in biogas purification time on methane (CH4) content, heating value, and combustion efficiency. The statistical analysis used was a one-way ANOVA analysis. The purification used activated bagasse biochar and zeolite. The variations of purification time were divided into three treatments, which are 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes. The contents of CH4in biogas with purification times, respectively, were 281201,45 ppm, 313563,05 ppm, and 339112,92 ppm. The biogas field heat value results with purification times were 242.79 kJ, 248.37 kJ, and 255.35 kJ. The biogas’ heat value with purification time was 515.60 kJ, 890.07 kJ, and 849.50 kJ. The results of combustion efficiency with purification times of 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes, respectively, were 47,95%, 28,20%, and 30,84%. Based on the results, it can be concluded that biogas purification using a combination of activated bagasse biochar and zeolite absorbent with different purification times has better values than biogas purification using an adsorbent not activated. It can increase the CH4content in biogas and biogas field heat value, but it reduces the heat value and biogas combustion efficiency due to incomplete combustion.
Sustainable Development in the Context of the Architecture of Environmental Friendly Medical Centers in Rural Areas (Case for Ukraine)
Authors: Bulakh Iryna
Published: December 2022

The study of ways to improve medical care in rural areas is relevant for many countries, including Ukraine, whose territory continues to be destroyed for five months (at the time of writing) due to Russian military aggression. The article is based on the results of research by various scientists, primarily related to the sustainable development of architecture and urban planning, as well as the author’s research in recent years. The article’s purpose is to search for new architectural forms of organizing medical care in rural settlements that would contribute to the influx of young people and the development of medicine. An analytical method, a review of information sources, a full-scale survey with photo fixation, a survey of rural residents, and conceptual and exploratory design as part of the educational process at the university were used. The result of the study is a proposal for the design of new types of buildings with two main functions (“work” + “housing”).
Environment, Social, Governance, and Performance in Far East Asia for the Period of 2018-2021
Authors: Sarwono H A B
Published: December 2022

This study investigates how banking performance in the Far East Asia region is impacted by environmental sustainability through sustainability reporting using ESG Index as a proxy. For the 2018–2021 period, 89 Far East Asia stock exchange-listed companies that routinely provide ESG scores are the sample for this study. The environment sustainability dimension in this study uses the ESG index as a proxy. The research analysis starts with descriptive statistical analysis to summarize the sample data. Then regression was performed using the Fixed Effect Model method for all research models to test the variables simultaneously. This study discovered a detrimental effect of ESG as a proxy of environmental sustainability on banking performance. However, they also discovered a beneficial relationship between one ESG dimension—corporate governance—on banking performance.
The Green Economy and Decentralization of Natural Resources Management (DNRM) Policy in Indonesia under the International Law Framework: Quo Vadis?
Authors: Parluhutan Dian , Arinanto Satya , Napitupulu Velentina
Published: December 2022

The Green Economy, as the multilateral paradigm for national developments, emerges to counter an obsolete mindset of development. A green economy fosters a responsible long-term developmental attitude, emphasizing environmentally sustainable economic progress to foster low carbon and socially inclusive development. There must be a catalyzation of investment and innovation that will underpin sustained growth and give rise to new economic opportunities. Indonesia is obliged to implement green economy principles and mandates. However, on the national level, there is no specific regulation concerning implementing a Green economy. Since 1999, Indonesia has been implementing decentralization (regional autonomy). The natural resources management policy has been under the authority of regional governments. However, the decentralization has resulted only in the central government’s willingness to redistribute responsibilities but not willing to share decision-making authorities with the regional governments. This phenomenon could jeopardize the green economy implementation. Hitherto, there are a few kinds of literature discussing the implementation of a green economy and the rule of international law in Indonesia. Accordingly, this paper attempts to analyze implementing a green economy and decentralizing natural resources management policy in Indonesia. The doctrinal and comparative law methods will be employed in this research.
Environmental Governance in Response to Pollution Threats from Dry Bulk Cargo Spill Accidents at Sea
Authors: Sabila Silmina , Utomo Suyud Warno , Agustina Haruki
Published: December 2022

Dry bulk cargo involves in shipping accidents often overlooked as pollution threats. Some of them are classified as hazardous noxious substances (HNS), and the impacts are precarious due to their various type, properties, and behavior in the marine environment. Thus, it is pertinent to understand how current governance responds to this matter. First, environmental governance in legislation frameworks provided by global authorities is reviewed. Then, how do some regions and selected nations internalize this legislation with their legislation and institutional arrangements? Indeed, this includes comparative analysis to provide suggestions for addressing challenges faced by Indonesia. This paper aims to give an overview of environmental governance in global, regional, and selected nations in response to pollution threats from dry bulk cargo spills in accidents at sea. Fragmented coordination, lack of implementation capacity, and lack of regional coordination are identified. Indonesia should build a national contingency plan and enhance ASEAN coordination regarding this matter to ameliorate its environmental sustainability.
Resistant, responsive, resilient cities: Urban planning as a means for pandemic prevention
Authors: Rönkkö E , Juuti E , Hentilä H-L
Published: December 2022

Although the environment has long been recognised as a key determinant of health, the linkages between urban living environments, immunological health and occurrence of infectious diseases are not well known. Healthy urban planning initiatives, especially in the Western world, have mostly been triggered by non-communicable diseases caused by lifestyle and dietary factors, such as diabetes. Since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, a significant body of research has been published that examines the impacts of pandemics on urban resilience, policy and planning practices. In this paper, we synthesise key lessons and preliminary insights for pandemic-proof cities in the light of recent academic discussion. Furthermore, we aim to address the urgent need for integrative approaches to urban resilience that consider human and environmental health holistically and contribute to comprehensive societal security.
Growth target as a barrier to knowledge integration and provision of alternative scenarios in urban planning
Authors: Merikoski T , Staffans A , Syrman S
Published: December 2022

The complex task of urban planning requires multidisciplinary knowledge co-creation. Due to the urgency of climate change mitigation and the threats environmental changes pose to urban areas, effective knowledge integration is ever more important to understand the systemic effects of planning solutions. The findings of an interview study conducted in 2020-2021 suggest that many interrelated challenges and barriers hindering the co-creative knowledge production in planning practice exist. One barrier seems to be the time constraints the planners struggle with, which is connected to the strategic and political planning targets emphasising growth. In this paper, this concern is further explored: How have the planning targets of the City of Helsinki been formulated in three of the publicly available strategies and policy papers guiding urban development? Is the pressure to grow overriding the qualitative aims set for achieving the highly anticipated sustainability transformation? Conclusions indicate a need for an open discussion concerning the planning targets of cities: Is the target to produce detailed plans in high numbers, or to aim for the best quality in the urban living environment and to meet the ambitious sustainability goals?
iQRe: An Integrated Cross Scale Urban Resilience Assessment framework
Authors: Khoja Ahmed , Moro Andrea , Essig Natalie
Published: December 2022

Developing successful urban resilience plans is a very challenging task due to the complex cross scale, multi sectoral dynamics of urban areas. This paper presents a novel integrated, multi sectoral, cross scale urban resilience assessment framework (iQRe) that facilitates bridging the spatial and sectoral gaps in the existing climate change adaption frameworks. The iQRe framework merges the IPCC AR5 risk assessment approach with the generic multi-criteria analysis methodology “SB Method” developed by iiSBE, creating a series of agile and quantitative climate impact chains that allow assigning a normalized numerical value to each of the 3 components needed to assess the climate risk (Hazard, vulnerability, and exposure). The Paper provide a sample application of the iQRe on a residential building.
Area Neutrality: safeguarding urban biodiversity with a new land management framework in Trondheim
Authors: McCormack AA , Lunde LM Foldnes , McDowell JL , Iqbal A , Ojee S , Nowokreschenow A
Published: December 2022

Area neutrality is a municipal land use management system that prioritizes the protection of nature in urban development. This framework calls for first avoiding nature destruction, then reducing nature loss, and finally “replacing” natural lands that are developed for human use by restoring other areas. In effect, it extends the net-zero philosophy to the loss of nature. In this exploratory study, we consider the effects of implementing area neutrality in the municipal planning of Trondheim, Norway. The potential benefits of the framework are considered in terms of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Intergovernmental Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Principles of urban ecology are applied to the framework so that positive ecological impacts are maximized. We conclude with a SWOT analysis of area neutrality in general and consideration of challenges for Trondheim Municipality specifically. This study provides an overview of a system which could be highly beneficial to both the urban and natural ecosystems of Trondheim and other areas if implemented responsibly.
HARMONIA: strategy of an integrated resilience assessment platform (IRAP) with available tools and geospatial services.
Authors: Tzortzi J N , Doulamis A , Rallis I , Lux M S , Barbotti G , Tzortzis I
Published: December 2022

The huge amount of the available data nowadays has raised some major challenges which are related to the storage, fusion, structure, streaming and processing of these data. In this paper, we present the development of a holistic framework, entitled HARMONIA, that encompasses State-of-The-Art solutions for the emerging issues related to Climate Change, natural and/or man-made hazards and urban/peri-urban risks. The Horizon 2020 HARMONIA project is developing an Integrated Resilience Assessment Platform (IRAP) which plans to provide targeted services for different groups of end-users. In particular, it will actively support urban decision-makers in strategic decisions and planning and citizens in facing daily effects and risks of Climate Change. Additionally, the platform will be a place to interconnect cities which end up facing similar Climate Change effects. HARMONIA IRAP leverages cuttingedge technologies (i.e., explainable Artificial Intelligence, Data Mining, multi-criteria analysis, dynamic programming) and services (ie., Virtual Machines, Containers) in order to provide solutions considering the complexity and diversity of extreme earth and non-earth data. In addition, this platform includes a Decision Support System providing early-warning feedback and recommendations to the end-users. In this way the HARMONIA IRAP design tends to address these challenges by offering the corresponding dynamic, scalable and robust mechanisms with the aim to provide useful integrated tools for the related users. Datacubes architecture, which is a major part of the IRAP, offers the opportunity to investigate more sophisticated correlations among the data and provide a more tangible representation of the extracted information.
Towards solutions and infrastructure for circular neighbourhoods in rural areas
Authors: Wuyts Wendy , Majidi Abdul Naser
Published: December 2022

Recently, there has been an increase in circular cities and research on the concrete meaning of circularity at the city mesolevel. However, circular solutions or requirements for rural areas are often overlooked. This can be explained by the dominant deterritorialized and sectoral approach in circularity research, policy, and practice, which isolates places, people, and practices. The point of departure of our study is that circular cities can only thrive if their related rural areas are healthy, as they are interdependent. Within this context, we develop a framework that contributes to the conceptualisation of circular neighbourhoods and infrastructure in rural areas. We use a literature review to build on the findings of circularity research in Japan, Belgium, Finland, and Norway, and distil predefined categories for deductive analysis. We validate the deductive analysis by a further inductive analysis of the literature. Our review focuses on how the existing built environment (buildings, roads, and other infrastructure) can increase the vitality of rural areas to enable rural circularity practices (RCPs). In addition, we propose new directions for future research on circular neighbourhoods in rural areas, preferably in symbiosis with circular cities.
Improving the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of transport infrastructure assets – a case study in Brussels, Belgium
Authors: Ataee Soroosh , Stephan A
Published: December 2022

Infrastructure transportation assets represent a significant share of environmental effects associated with built stocks. Although there is a growing body of knowledge on the life cycle assessment of buildings and material flow analysis of building stocks, infrastructure assets have received less attention. Existing life cycle assessment studies tend to rely on process analysis which is known to underestimate embodied environmental flows. The aim of this paper is to introduce a bottom-up parametric model for infrastructure transport assets, which can support a detailed characterization of the stock in a consistent and transparent manner. It relies on comprehensive hybrid exchange data for the quantification. This paper establishes the approach and equations used in the proposed model. The model consists of four main steps, namely: developing parametric representations of transport infrastructure assets, quantifying their material stock and replacement-related flows, quantifying life cycle embodied environmental flows and visualizing the results. One pilot case study of a road (including pedestrian sidewalks and bike lanes) and light railway, is used to demonstrate the model. Results assessing this pilot case study over 60 years are presented, including the material stock and replacement flows, as well as life cycle embodied greenhouse gas emissions (LCEGHG). Together these results provide important insights into material/infrastructure asset hotspots assets (e.g. steel lighting posts). Emissions-intensive material products and assets have a notable impact on results of LCEGHG, and they dominate both Initial greenhouse gas emissions (IEGHG) and recurrent greenhouse gas emissions (REGHG). However, they contribute marginally to the total mass. Another important observation is the significance of REGHG representing ~30% of LCEGHG. Interestingly, steel, asphalt and concrete are the main contributors to both REGHG and IEGHG. Future research consists of automating the proposed model and packaging it as a python-based Rhinoceros Grasshopper plugin before conducting testing and verification.
First steps in the development of standardised processes for life cycle assessments of geotechnical works
Authors: von der Tann L , Størdal I F , Ritter S , Feizi S
Published: December 2022

Despite geotechnical works contributing considerably to the environmental impact of buildings and infrastructure, the application of life cycle assessments (LCAs) in geotechnical engineering still needs to be developed and matured. This paper presents a scenario analysis of an excavation in a typical Norwegian geology. For three excavation depths, different design solutions were derived varying the length of the supporting wall and the amount of soil stabilisation within the excavation. The cradle-to-site impacts of the different solutions were then evaluated through a LCA. Global warming and acidification potentials were compared for the different design choices in parallel with an estimate of the respective solution’s costs and different functional units were considered. The study shows that, for excavations in the chosen setting, most emissions are caused at product stage and the environmental impact related to the excavated volume or to the additional floor space created underground increases with excavation depth. It emphasises that different impact categories need to be considered to get a full picture of environmental impact. Simple to use LCA tools can provide a direct comparison of different potential solutions. Shifting the focus from minimising cost to minimising environmental impact will likely lead to different design decisions for geotechnical works.
Towards understanding disruption in the market for professional services in construction
Authors: Tafti A D , Engström D , Sandberg M
Published: December 2022

The challenges faced by professional service companies in construction are increasing simultaneously as enablers such as digitalization and industrialization are developing. Currently, there are indications of two main diverging market trends: Productification and Servicification. This paper hypothesises that these two trends can be classified as Asset-dominant logic. In construction, the digital development, is currently regularly decoupled from the business model development. In support of business model innovation, this paper’s aim is to how we can understand and articulate the development of the markets for professional services in construction by describing concepts for understanding and analysing design work in the context of asset-dominant logic, as opposed to the current dominating Resource-dominated logic. The result indicates that productificiation, includes industrialization (product-based approach) by considering applying disruptive technologies, with the aid of a platform and in an ecosystem, making it possible to create value for the customer by taking service-dominant logic into account. Finally, the paper concludes with an attempt to demonstrate the mechanism of market development by considering the asset-dominant logic as a backdrop to the business model innovations that asset-dominant consulting will start to undertake in the coming months and years.
Business models for rolling out Positive Energy Buildings
Authors: Ala-Juusela M , Tuerk A
Published: December 2022

Positive Energy Buildings (PEBs) present a promising solution for the battle against the climate change. A PEB is a building that produces more energy with renewables than it uses. A good variety of technologies exist for realizing the PEB, and integrated concepts are emerging. Well-designed business models are recognized as a crucial element needed for a wider roll-out of PEBs, but they are largely missing. This article will look at potential business models for PEBs and their contribution to the different PEB elements, while also pointing out some aspects that need to be considered when setting up the business model. A selection of interesting or emerging business models are described, concentrating on the typical customer segments, typical value propositions, potential life-cycle phases, benefits and challenges.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes using dexmedetomidine in nonintubated patients: A poison center observational study
Authors: Kershner Emily , Tobarran Natasha , Chambers Andrew , Jenkins Zach , Wills Brandon K , Cumpston Kirk L
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Dexmedetomidine is a central α2 agonist commonly used on intubated patients. It is increasingly being used off-label in nonintubated agitated patients. We sought to determine the overall clinical course, adverse effects, and need for subsequent mechanical ventilation in toxicology patients after treatment with dexmedetomidine.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study conducted by chart review of electronic records from the Virginia Poison Control Center from January 1, 2019 to February 4, 2022. Inclusion criteria consisted of all poison center cases where dexmedetomidine was used. The primary outcome was the presence or absence of clinical improvement following dexmedetomidine use. Secondary outcomes included adverse effects, subsequent intubation, or death.

Results

During this study period, there were 220 cases in which dexmedetomidine was used to treat agitation. After exclusions, 70 cases were analyzed. The categories included antimuscarinic (n = 19), polysubstance (n = 16), sedative withdrawal (n = 10), unknown agitation (n = 7), sympathomimetic (n = 5), baclofen withdrawal (n = 3), unknown ingestion (n = 3), sedative/hypnotic (n = 2), antipsychotic (n = 2), hallucinogenic (n = 2), and opioid withdrawal (n = 1). Clinical improvement occurred in 62 of 70 patients (89%). There were no deaths. A total of 4 patients were intubated after starting dexmedetomidine, 2 for refractory agitation and 2 for hypoxia after aspiration.

Conclusion

Global clinical improvement was observed in the agitated toxicology patients administered dexmedetomidine. There was one case of intubation secondary to oversedation. Dexmedetomidine could be a useful adjunctive treatment for agitated toxicologic patients but should be studied further before routinely used.
Endometrial hyperplasia with loss of APC in a novel population of Lyz2-expressing mouse endometrial epithelial cells
Authors: Kitchen-Goosen Susan M , Schumacher Heather , Good Julie , Patterson Amanda L , Boguslawski Elissa A , West Richard A , Williams Bart O , Hostetter Galen , Agnew Dalen W , Teixeira Jose M , Alberts Arthur S
Published: December 2022

Loss of heterozygosity and promoter hypermethylation of APC is frequently observed in human endometrial cancer, which is the most common gynecological cancer in the USA, but its carcinogenic driver status in the endometrial epithelium has not been confirmed. We have identified a novel population of progenitor endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) in mice that express lysozyme M (LysM) and give rise to approximately 15% of all EECs in adult mice. LysM is a glycoside hydrolase that is encoded by Lyz2 and functions to protect cells from bacteria as part of the innate immune system. Its expression has been shown in a subset of hematopoietic stem cells and in specialized lung and small intestinal epithelial cells. Conditional deletion of Apc in LysM + EECs results in significantly more epithelial cells compared to wild-type mice. At 5 months of age, the ApccKO mice have enlarged uterine horns with pathology that is consistent with endometrial hyperplasia with cystic endometrial glands, non-villous luminal papillae and nuclear atypia. Nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and ERα, both of which are known to induce endometrial hyperplasia, was observed in the EECs of the ApccKO mice. These results confirm that loss of APC in EECs can result in a phenotype similar to endometrial hyperplasia.
Learning to be ethical: the role of ethical capability in community development education
Authors: Agisilaou Vandra Harris , Harris Howard
Published: December 2022

In the complex practices of development, ethical decisions are continually demanded of practitioners. This paper addresses the process of teaching ethics, within a framework of applied ethics and with an emphasis on the development of an understanding of ethics-in-practice in current and future practitioners. Building on recent work in the area of ethics in development and humanitarian practice, it addresses approaches to teaching professional ethics in community development and other fields, and debates about the value of teaching ethics. In particular, this article discusses how students develop what we call ‘ethical capability’—the cognitive and emotional resources needed to negotiate the contradictions and dilemmas of everyday practice, and to apply ethical decision-making models. Analysing a current post-graduate applied development ethics course and experience of similar courses in undergraduate business, we investigate how these can prepare students for the messy reality of community development practice. With very few courses teaching ethics in development, we propose that it is important to enhance ethical capability in community development students and practitioners, and that doing so supports their work and wellbeing.