bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Status of Maternal and Child Health Seeking Behavior among Women Aged 15-45 Years during Earthquake of 2015 in Nepal: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Thapa Janak Kumar , Pun Asha , Subedi Raj Kumar , Giri Niraj , Mahotra Narayan Bahadur , Sangroula Raj Kumar
Published: September 2020

Background: Delivery of the maternal and child health services are generally affected during the time of disaster. This study aims to assess the maternal and child health service utilization in areas in Nepal affected by the 2015 earthquake.Methods: A mixed method study was carried in 29 Village Development Committees from nine earthquake-affected districts in Nepal. Quantitative data on maternal, neonatal and child health indicators before and after the earthquake were collected from the Health Management Information System. Focus group discussions and key informant interviews with different stakeholders were conducted to collect qualitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2013. Qualitative data was analyzed manually using thematic analysis technique.Results: Most of the indicators were comparable before and after the earthquake. Indicators such as Bacille Calmette-Guerin vs. Measles-Rubella vaccine drop-out rate, 1st antenatal care visit, delivery by skilled birth attendant and 1st postnatal care visit within 24 hours of delivery improved after the earthquake. Though most of the health facilities were damaged, health services resumed under tents or in open spaces. Some of the common problems among pregnant women included stomachache, headache, malnutrition, diarrhea, and mental stress. Conclusions: There was not much effect in the delivery of maternal neonatal and child health services. This reflects the coordinated efforts from government as well as non-government organizations and civil societies during and after the earthquake in Nepal. Keywords: Earthquake; maternal and child health; Nepal; service delivery; service utilization.
Outcomes of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Patients with Previous Ipsilateral Open Renal Stone Surgery
Authors: Basnet Robin Bahadur , Shrestha Anil , Shrestha Parash Mani , Joshi Biswa Raj
Published: September 2020

Background: Nephrolithiais is a recurrent disease. Recent advances have enabled stone surgeries to be performed by minimal invasive techniques; but still a large number of patients present with history of ipsilateral open renal stone surgery. Previous scar to the kidney and overlying muscles are fraught with possibility of increased complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the perioperative results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with a history of open stone surgery and to compare with those undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the first time.Methods: A retrospective study of all the percutaneous nephrolithotomy performed by standard technique within four years at Bir Hospital was made. Patients were divided into those undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the first time and those who had undergone open renal stone surgery in the past. Preoperative and intraoperative variables were recorded and postoperative stone free status and complications were evaluated. Results: Six hundred and twenty seven patients; out of 691, who had undergone percutaneous nephrolithotomy were included. Demographic variables and stone characteristics were similar in the two study groups. percutaneous nephrolithotomy was found to be statistically similar in the two groups in terms of the number of tracts made (p= 0.1642) and operative time (0.9197). Exit strategies were similar in both groups. Stone free rate was 83.33% in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy for first time and 82.08% in those with history of open surgery. Average hospital stay was 3 days in both groups. Although the group with history of previous surgery had significantly more complications (p= 0.0207), Clavien grading was similar in the two groups.Conclusions: This study shows that the rate of complications is more in patients with history of open surgery, most complications are minor, not requiring intensive management. percutaneous nephrolithotomy is efficient and safe in patients with history of open renal stone surgery. Keywords: Complications; open renal stone surgery; percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Utilizing Hospital Formulary System in Nepal
Authors: Khadka Sitaram , Saeed Hamid , Shahi Janak , Bajgain Yogesh , Yadav Tank Prasad , Gupta Ravi Prasad
Published: September 2020

Since the early 1950s, for medication management, the hospital formulary system subsisted as a list of drugs into the supply chain management process in hospitals. With the advent of pharmacy practice services, the system now is more oriented towards the rational use of drugs taking into account the safety of therapy, cost-effectiveness, and uninterrupted availability of drugs to improve and reflect upon the clinical judgment of healthcare professionals. Though very few hospitals in Nepal have adopted hospital formulary system, the perfect practice is still skimpy. The formation of drug and therapeutic committee along with the establishment of hospital pharmacy services is a growing trend with the arrival of hospital pharmacy guidelines 2072, thus, a positive spill-over of the hospital formulary system to each hospital in Nepal would be valuable in promoting rational drug therapy.Keywords: Cost-effectiveness; hospital formulary system, rational drug therapy.
Reflections from COVID-19 Pandemic: Contact Diary for Assessing Social Contact Patterns in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Niraj , Pandey Achyut Raj , Angdembe Mirak Raj
Published: September 2020

Management of COVID-19 in Nepal will certainly benefit from the experiences of other countries. However, they are less likely to be suitable for Nepal both in terms of context and resource availability. Social contact pattern studies have shown that understanding the nature of human-to-human contacts can help describe the dynamics of infectious disease transmission. The findings of such studies will help the country prepare itself for future outbreaks, inform mathematically modelling and public health interventions that match domestic capabilities. Methods such as self-reported contact diary can be used to conduct such studies following a feasibility study. Keywords: Contact diary;COVID-19; disease transmission; social contact pattern.
Potential Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sexual and Reproductive Health in Nepal
Authors: Puri Mahesh Chandra , Stone Lucy
Published: September 2020

The national lockdown imposed in Nepal as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic is having indirect consequences on sexual and reproductive (SRH) in Nepal. Although the Government of Nepal and partners have committed to ensuring the continuity of SRH services during the pandemic, this comment aims to illustrate the potential impacts to SRH if these commitments are not met. Keywords: COVID-19; Nepal; reproductive health; sexual health.
PROBLEMATIKA KEDUDUKAN DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH (DPRD) DIANTARA KEKUASAAN LEGISLATIF DAN EKESEKUTIF
Authors: Handini Wulan Pri
Published: September 2020

Perbedaan pengaturan dalam perundang-undangan terkait kedudukan DPRD antara kekuasaan legislatif dan eksekutif, menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai kedudukan DPRD dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperjelas kedudukan DPRD dalam sistem pemerintahan dari perspektif teori dan peraturan perundang-undangan, apakah DPRD merupakan kekuasaan legislatif ataukah kekuasaan eksekutif. Dalam membahas kedudukan tersebut, penelitian ini mendasarkan analisis pada 3 (tiga) hal, yaitu pemisahan kekuasaan secara vertikal (eksekutif-legislatif-yudikatif), pemerintahan daerah dan konsep Negara kesatuan serta lembaga perwakilan rakyat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah dari sisi teori maupun sejarah pengaturan pemerintahan daerah dalam konstitusi, menempatkan pemerintahan daerah sebagai bagian dari kerangka Negara kesatuan. Pemerintahan daerah tidaklah bersifat “staat’ melainkan subordinat dari pemerintah pusat. Karena pemerintahan daerah adalah subordinat dari pemerintah pusat (kekuasaan eksekutif), maka seluruh unsur penyelenggaranya perlu dimaknai pula sebagai bagian dari kekuasaan eksekutif dengan tetap memiliki kemandirian dalam menyelenggarakan kewenangannya
A Study on the Effect of Light Sources on the Colour of Objects
Authors: Atalar Fatih , Uzun Kerim , Gedikli Ahmet , Yilmaz Aysel Ersoy , Ugur Mukden
Published: September 2020

Lighting is one of the basic aspects that eases our lives and increases its quality. We use lighting tools in many places such as homes, streets, work places, hospitals, factories, etc. In this study, the effects of the light source and the surface of the object on features like colour temperature, glare, colour (perceived) and dominant wavelength is analysed. Four light sources such as a warm white halogen lamp, warm white LED source and two cool white LED sources were used. In the light measurements, 10 paper surfaces and 8 cloth surfaces were selected as the surface type. Colours of the surfaces were selected among the main colours on the colour locus. Light, reflected from surface was recorded with Konica Minolta CS-200 model. All results were indicated and compared with each other.
International Activity in Field of Light and Engineering: Creative Report.
Authors: Aizenberg Julian B.
Published: September 2020

This article is not a memoir. It aims at summing up the author’s activity (in a concise way) in solving the challenge he set for himself: to assist in development of Russian lighting engineering industry with consideration of the greatest achievements in design of lighting devices, their manufacturing technologies and the newest high-performance equipment as much as possible.

The author considered it important not just to sum up 65 years of his activity in light engineering and industry but also to provide the new generation of specialists with an opportunity to know and use the accumulated information and ways to take this opportunity for the benefit of Russian industry.
From intestinal dysbiosis to alcohol-associated liver disease
Authors: Mendes Beatriz Garcia , Schnabl Bernd
Published: September 2020

Alcohol-associated intestinal dysbiosis and bacterial overgrowth can lead to a dysregulation of tryptophan metabolism and lower production of indoles. Several of these indole derivatives are aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands that, in turn, are involved in antimicrobial defense via induction of interleukin-22 (IL-22). IL-22 increases the expression of intestinal regenerating islet-derived 3 (Reg3) lectins, which maintain low bacterial colonization of the inner mucus layer and reduce bacterial translocation to the liver. Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with reduced intestinal expression of Reg3β and Reg3γ, increased numbers of mucosa-associated bacteria and bacterial translocation. Translocated microbial products and viable bacteria reach the liver and activate the innate immune system. Release of inflammatory molecules promotes inflammation, contributes to hepatocyte death and results in a fibrotic response. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which chronic alcohol intake changes the gut microbiota and contributes to alcohol-associated liver disease by changing microbial-derived metabolites.
Comprehensive Approach to Improving System Management, Maintenance and Modernization Homes
Authors: Davletov I.
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the main regulatory documents, trends in the development of the housing stock and its management system in Uzbekistan. Scientific and methodological proposals and recommendations have been developed for improving the management system, maintenance and modernization of residential buildings in modern conditions. As a result of the systematic implementation of modernization in the field of housing and communal services in the republic, the quality of communal services, as well as the standard of living and living conditions of the country's population, are improving.
Maksim Pilihan dalam Kesantunan Berbahasa Mahasiswa di Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Aswadi Dana , HB Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Bahasa menjadi unsur utama dalam komunikasi sehari-hari. Dengan bahasa, manusia saling

berhubungan antar sesama, sehingga bahasa menjadi alat utama dalam berkomunikasi. Manusia sudah sejak lama saling berhubungan dengan menggunakan bahasa, bahkan sudah berabad-abad yang lalu.

Adapun metode yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam meneliti degredasi kesantunan berbahasa

ini adalah dengan metode deskriptif. Pendekatan merupakan salah satu cara merancang penelitian sesuai dengan jenis penelitian itu sendiri. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data merupakan usaha-usaha untuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi dalam suatu penelitian. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah teknik observasi.
Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Terpadu Membaca dan Menulis Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Berita Siswa Kelas VIII A SMPN 2 Labuan Amas Utara Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah
Authors: Cahyani Irni , Lismayanti Heppy
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang penelitian adalah rendahnya nilai siswa dalam menulis berita karenakurangnyaminat bacasiswa dan guru menggunakan teknik yang tradisional dalam pembelajaran dikelas, seperti berceramah didepan kelas lalu memberikan tugas. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan peningkatan keterampilan menulis berita, memaparkan aktivitas guru dansiswa, mengungkapkan respons siswakelas VIII A SMPN 2 Labuan Amas Utara dalam pembelajaran menulis berita melalui penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif terpadu membaca dan menulis. Manfaat penelitian adalah meningkatkan keterampilan menulis berita, meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran, dan masukan bagi sekolah dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran di sekolah, sehingga guru-guru dapat melakukan penelitian bila menemukan permasalahan dalam pembelajaran.

Jenis penelitian yang dilaksanakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yaitu penelitian tindakan yang dilakukan oleh guru sekaligus sebagai peneliti di kelasnya atau bersama dengan guru dengan jalan merancang, melaksanakan, dan merefleksikan tindakan secara kolaboratif dan partisipatif yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki atau meningkatkan keterampilan menulis berita. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam pembelajaran menulis berita pada siswa kelas VIII A SMPN 2 Labuan Amas Utara Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh simpulan sebagai berikut: (1)

64

 

52

 

Setelah proses pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia materi menulis berita dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Terpadu Membaca dan Menulis siklus II pertemuan ke-2 selesai dilaksanakan, diketahui hasil belajar siswa menunjukkan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa, baik secara individual maupun klasikal. Pada siklus I diperoleh nilai rata-rata siswa 74,75 dengan ketuntasan belajar individu sebanyak 12 orang dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal 60%. Setelah siklus II selesai dilaksanakan, maka terlihat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa sebesar 35% dengan nilai rata-rata siswa di atas indikator keberhasilan yaitu 75, dengan ketuntasan belajar individu sebanyak 19 orang dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal 95%. (2)  Tahapan-tahapan pembelajaran berlangsung efektif karena tidak ada lagi kegiatan yang belum terlaksana dari proses belajar mengajar yang berjalan lancar dan mendapat respons yang baik dari siswa. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari keaktifan siswa dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran. (3) Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 2 Labuan Amas Utara dengan materi menulis berita dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Terpadu Membaca dan Menulis mendapat respons yang positif dari siswa, meskipun model pembelajaran Kooperatif Terpadu Membaca dan Menulis ini masih dianggap hal yang baru bagi para siswa, tetapi dengan adanya inovasi tersebutlah, siswa menjadi bersemangat dalam belajarnya di kelas, serta juga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar keterampilan menulis berita
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kognitif dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Direct Instruction Dipadukan Metode Fish Bowl pada Siswa Kelas V SDN Teluk Tiram 2 Banjarmasin
Authors: Laila Agustina Rahidatul , Mardian Arif Rifda , Adrian Yudha
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan model pembelajaran direct instruction dipadukan metode fish bowl dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa kelas V sdn teluk tiram 2.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus penelitian, setiap siklus terdiri dari 2 kali pertemuan. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SDN Teluk Tiram 2 pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2017/2018, dengan jumlah siswa 24 orang. Pengumpulan data  dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui teknik observasi dan tes tertulis, sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah rata-rata dan persentase.

Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa Penerapan model pembelajaran Direct Instruction dipadukan dengan metode Fish Bowl dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada pelajaran IPS. Peningkatan ini dapat dilihat dari hasil belajar siswa yang selalu mengalami peningkatan di setiap pertemuannya, Hasil belajar siswa nilai rata-rata 52,5 jadi 60,2 di siklusI dan disiklus II 70,2 menjadi 82,9. Dilihat dari rata-rata nilai tiap pertemuan ada peningkatan yang sangat signifikan, dan telah mencapai tingkat ketuntasan secara klasikal karena dilihat dari presentase ketuntasan sudah berada diatas standar ketuntasan minimal
Penerapan Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah
Authors: Mustakim  , Saberan Riduan
Published: September 2020

Pendidikan sangat penting demi mewujudkan manusia indonesia yang seutuhnya selaras dengan tujuan pendidikan Nasional. Untuk itu inovasi dalam pendidikan harus selalu dilakukan agar mampu memberikan pelayanan pendidikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan atau perkembangan jaman. MBS Merupakan paradikma baru pendidikan yang memberikan otonomi luas pada tingkat sekolah dengan maksud agar sekolah leluasa mengelola sumber daya dan sumber dana dengan mengalokasikan sesuai dengan prioritas kebutuhan. MBS juga merupakan salah satu wujuddari reformasi pendidikan yang menawarkan kepada sekolah untuk menyediakan pendidikan yang lebih baik dan memadai bagi siswa
Fungsi Mantra Belian pada Masyarakat Dayak Meratus di Hulu Sungai Tengah
Authors: Arifin Johan , Ramadania Fajarika
Published: September 2020

Dayak Meratus adalah istilah baru untuk menggantikan penyebutan Dayak Bukit bagi penduduk asli Kalimantan yang mendiami wilayah Pegunungan Meratus. Pegunungan ini membentang arah utara ke selatan, seolah membelah daratan Kalimantan Selatan menjadi dua sisi, barat dan timur. Suku Dayak tinggal di antara lembah-lembah pegunungan pada sisi barat dan timur. Pada sisi barat termasuk dalam wilayah Kabupaten Balangan, Hulu Sungai Selatan, Hulu Sungai Tengah, dan Kabupaten Banjar. Sisi timur meliputi wilayah Kabupaten Kotabaru dan Tanah Bumbu. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji tentang fungsi mantra upacara belian ditinjau dari antropologi sastra. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan fungsimantra belian pada masyarakat Dayak Meratus di Hulu Sungai Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah tentang Fungsimantra yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah Fungsi pengobatan/belian adalah untukmenyembuhkan, menghilangkan, atau mengobati rasa sakit yang diderita seseorang baik anak-anak, orang dewasa, dan lanjut usia yang disebabkan oleh gangguan binatang, makhluk halus, orang gaib, bahkan ulah manusia itu sendiri
Nilai Pendidikan dalam Cerita Rakyat Bakumpai di Kelurahan Ulu Benteng Kecamatan Marabahan
Authors: Cahyadi Irni , Salam Muhdi Abdus
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang dalam penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat Bakumpai, yang berjudul Si Supak dan Si Gantang dan cerita rakyat Mang Raja Haji dan Tujuh Putri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) Mengetahui nilai pendidikan yang berhubungan dengan nilai sosial dalam cerita rakyat Bakumpai, (2) Mengetahui nilai pendidikan yang berhubungan dengan moral dalam cerita rakyat Bakumpai.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra, metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode deskriptif analisis. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu dua orang penutur cerita rakyat Bakumpai merupakan sesepuh yang tinggal dilokasi penelitian. Lokasi dalam penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Ulu Benteng, Jalan Panglima Batur RT.06 RW.001, Kecamatan Marabahan Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumen cerita rakyat Bakumpai yang telah diceritakan oleh pencerita (informan). Dalam mengumpulkan data tersebut digunakan teknik dokumentasi dan observasi teks. Sedangkan dalam menganalisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif interpretatif, yaitu peneliti memaparkan data secara keseluruhan terlebih dahulu. Setelah data terkumpul peneliti menginterpretasikannya.

            Hasilnya dapat dikemukakan sebagai berikut: 1. Nilai pendidikan sosial yang terdapat yaitu: a) Tolong-menolong, dalam cerita tersebut yaitu sama-sama memiliki perilaku tolong-menolong, b) Keteguhan hati dengan keyakinan dan keteguhan hati terus berharap agar ayah mereka dapat sembuh kembali, c) Setia kawan, dalam keadaan apapun mereka selalu membaginya satu sama lain, d) Perjuangan hidup, dari masing-masing tokoh disampaikan secara tersurat, e) Peduli sesama, dalam cerita tersebut yaitu sama-sama memiliki sikap peduli sesama. 2. Nilai pendidikan moral yang terdapat yaitu: a) Pantang menyerah, dalam cerita itu sama-sama memiliki sifat pantang menyerah yang tertanam dalam diri mereka masing-masing, b) Semangat, dalam kedua cerita tersebut yaitu mereka memiliki semangat yang tinggi dan c) Tanggung jawab yang tinggi ditunjukkan oleh sosok ibu dan ayah dalam kedua cerita rakyat Bakumpai
Motivasi Berprestasi Guru Berdasarkan Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Martapura Kota Kabupaten Banjar
Authors: Sadik  , Susilawati Erni
Published: September 2020

Setiap guru memiliki tingkat motivasi berprestasi yang berbeda-beda, hal ini disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah. Gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah yang baik harus dapat meningkatkan motivasi guru sebagai bawahannya. Untuk itu tujuan dlam penelitian ini mencakup motivasi berprestasi guru berdasarkan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolahSMP Negeri di Kecamatan Martapura Kota Kabupaten Banjar.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan secara kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Sampel penelitian ditentukan secara proporsional random sampling, dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 135 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket sebanyak 2 buah, yaitu angket motivasi berprestasi guru, dan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah. Kuesioner diuji validitasnya menggunakan korelasi Product Moment Pearson dan reliabilitasnya menggunakan Alpha Cronbach. Perbedaan motivasi berprestasi guru berdasarkan gaya kepemimpinan kepala. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) motivasi berprestasi guru berada pada klasifikasi tinggi yaitu sebanyak 35,56%, sedang sebanyak 29,63%, dan rendah sebanyak 34,81%, (2) gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah K4 (initiating structure rendah dan consideration rendah) sebanyak 42,96%, K2 (initiating structure tinggi dan consideration tinggi) sebanyak 31,85%, K1 (initiating structure tinggi dan consideration rendah) sebanyak 17,04%, serta K3 (initiating structure rendah dan consideration tinggi) sebanyak 8,15%, (3) terdapat perbedaan motivasi berprestasi guru berdasarkan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, dan (6) terdapat perbedaan motivasi berprestasi guru berdasarkan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah SMP Negeri di Kabupaten Banjar.Saran yang dapat disampaikan diantaranya kepada kepala sekolah agar berusaha memilih dan menerapkan gaya kepemimpinan yang sesuai dengan karakteristik guru, dan untuk guru SMP Negeri di Kabupaten Banjar agar selalu berusaha meningkatkan motivasi berprestasinya, salah satunya adalah dengan cara meningkatkan kemampuannya berkomunikasi secara interpersonal
Tokoh Utama dalam Kehancuran di Baruh Kelayar
Authors: Jamilah
Published: September 2020

Peneliti ini mengkaji tentang kepribadian tokoh utama dalam cerita rakyat kehancuran di baruh kelayar karya Anggraini Antemas telaah psikologi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) Mendeskripsikan kondisi kepribadian tokoh utama dalam cerita rakyat Kehancuran di Baruh Kelayar karya Anggraini Antemas, (2) mendeskripsikan proses kepribadian tokoh utama dalam Kehancuran di Baruh Kelayar  karya Anggraini Antemas.

Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan psikologi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dalah metode deskrptif analisis. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah cerita rakyat Kehancuran di Baruh Kelayar karya Anggraini Antemas. Cerita rakyat ini merupakan yang diterbitkan Ananda Nusantara (AN), Amuntai tahun 2016 dengan tebal 107 halaman. Teknik yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik dokumentasi kepustakaan, dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik, deskriptif.

Hasil penelitian dapat disumpulkan sebagai berikut: Gambaran kepribadian tokoh utama dalam cerita rakyat Kehancuran di Baruhelaya karya Anggraini Antemas meliputi: (a) kondisi kepribadian suka memancing di danau didekat rumahnya (b) diasuh oleh mahkluk gaib dari dasar danau dian tokoh meliputi (1) kedewasaan jasmani meliputi (a) terjadinya cobaan sakitnya saorang anak (b) menyapu air mata dengan selendang (c) perahu meluncur seperti anak panah. (2) kedewasaan intelektual (a) Marilah kita ke istana (b) bawalah aku ketempatmu (c) Dapatlah  mempertimbangkan  permohonan kami (d) Kami setuju pernikahan kami di batalkan (3) kedewasaan emosional (a) belum berputus asa (b) masih meminta dengan suara yang rendah dan beriba-iba (c) Dengan muka yang juga mengentupkan giginya (d) Keduannya saling berpandangan muka yang merah.Gambaran proses kepribadian tokoh utama dalam cerita rakyat Kehancuran di Baruh Kelayar karya Anggraini Antemas meliputi: a) masa kanak-kanak (1) suka memancing di danau didekat rumahnya (2) diasuh oleh mahkluk gaib dari dasar danau (b)  masa remaja meliputi (1) Makin besar makin cantik parasnya (2) mengganggu ketentraman keluarga pak Rombi (c) masa dewasa meliputi (1) istana sulakarta sangat bergembira menyambut hari perkawinan angung putera mahkota (2) sesuduh dinikahkan mareka diarak keliling kampung
RETRACTED: Inhibition of Bcl2L12 Attenuates Eosinophilia-Related Inflammation in the Heart
Authors: Chen Xiao , Zhao Mei-Zhen , Miao Bei-Ping , Liu Zhi-Qiang , Yang Gui , Liu Jiang-Qi , Yang Ping-Chang , Song Jiang-Ping
Published: September 2020

Background: The eosinophilic inflammation plays a critical role in myocarditis (Mcd); its underlying mechanism remains to be further elucidated. This study aims to investigate the role of Bcl2-like protein 12 (Bcl2L12) in inducing the defects of apoptosis in eosinophils (Eos) of the heart tissues.

Methods: Human explant heart samples were collected. Eosinophilia and myocarditis (Mcd)-like inflammation were induced in the mouse heart by immunizing with murine cardiac α-myosin heavy chain (MyHCα) peptides.

Results: Markedly more Eos were observed in heart tissues from patients with Mcd than those from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Eos isolated from Mcd hearts showed the signs of apoptosis defects. The Eo counts in the Mcd heart tissues were positively correlated with the Bcl2L12 expression in Eos isolated from the heart tissues. Exposure to interleukin 5 in the culture induced the expression of Bcl2L12 in Eos. Bcl2L12 bound c-Myc, the transcription factor of Fas ligand (FasL), to prevent c-Myc from binding to the FasL promoter, to restrict the FasL gene transcription in Eos. Inhibition of Bcl2L12 prevented the induction of eosinophilia and Mcd-like inflammation in the mouse heart.

Conclusions: The Bcl2L12 expression contributes to apoptosis defects in Eos of the Mcd heart. Blocking Bcl2L12 prevents the eosinophilia induction and alleviates Mcd-like inflammation in mice.
Analytical Analysis of Magnetic Levitation Systems with Harmonic Voltage Input
Authors: Maximov Serguei , Gonzalez-Montañez Felipe , Escarela-Perez Rafael , Olivares-Galvan Juan Carlos , Ascencion-Mestiza Hector
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a new analytical method using Lagrange equations for the analysis of magnetic levitation (MagLev) systems is proposed, using Thomson’s jumping ring experiment. The method establishes the dependence of the primary and induced currents, and also the equilibrium height of the levitating object on the input voltage through the mutual inductance of the system. The mutual inductance is calculated in two ways: (i) by employing analytical formula; (ii) through an improved semi-empirical formula based on both measurements and analytical results. The obtained MagLev model was analyzed both analytically and numerically. Analytical solutions to the resulting equations were found for the case of a dynamic equilibrium. The numerical results obtained for the dynamical model under transient operation show a close correspondence with the experimental results. The good precision of the analytical and numerical results demonstrates that the developed method can be effectively implemented.
Effect of Site Specific Nitrogen Management on Seed Nitrogen—A Driving Factor of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Yield
Authors: Łukowiak Remigiusz , Grzebisz Witold
Published: September 2020

It has been assumed that the management of both soil and fertilizer N in winter oilseed rape (WOSR) is crucial for N accumulation in seeds (Nse) and yield. This hypothesis was evaluated based on field experiments conducted in 2008/09, 2009/10, 2010/11 seasons, each year at two sites, differing in soil fertility, including indigenous N (Ni) supply. The experimental factors consisted of two N fertilizers: N and NS, and four Nf rates: 0, 80, 120, 160 kg ha−1. Yield, as governed by site × Nf rate interaction, responded linearly to Nse at harvest. The maximum Nse (Nsemax), as evaluated by N input (Nin = Ni + Nf) to WOSR at spring regrowth, varied from 95 to 153 kg ha−1, and determined 80% of yield variability. The basic reason of site diversity in Nsemax was Ni efficiency, ranging from 46% to 70%, respectively. The second cause of Nse variability was a shortage of N supply from + 9.5 soil to −8.8 kg ha−1 to the growing seeds during the seed filling period (SFP). This N pool supports the N concentration in seeds, resulting in both seed density and a seed weight increase, finally leading to a yield increase.
Soybean Yield Does Not Rely on Mineral Fertilizer in Rotation with Flooded Rice under a No-Till Integrated Crop-Livestock System
Authors: Denardin Luiz Gustavo de O. , Martins Amanda P. , Bastos Leonardo M. , Ciampitti Ignacio A. , Anghinoni Ibanor , Moojen Fernanda G. , Carvalho Paulo César de F. , Huang Min , Chabbi Abad
Published: September 2020

In subtropical lowlands, the introduction of soybean and livestock in rotation are an alternative to rice monoculture. Due to the nutrient cycling process improved by animal grazing in winter fertilized pastures, soybean may not respond to mineral fertilization under a no-till integrated crop–livestock system (ICLS). Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate (i) the soybean yield response to different fertilization levels of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) and (ii) the relationship between soybean yield and soil chemical properties sampled in different soil layers, in a no-till ICLS in subtropical lowlands. Two field studies were conducted in a system that included a soybean-flooded rice rotation integrated with cattle grazing during the winter season. During the 2015/2016 cropping season, five levels of P and K fertilization were applied to the soil. During the 2017/2018 cropping season, the relationships between soybean yield and soil chemical properties were evaluated under no fertilization treatment. Soybean yield under an ICLS did not respond to P and K fertilization, even when the soil P level was below the critical threshold. The associations between soybean yield and soil chemical properties were greatest in the 10–20 cm soil layer as compared with the 0–10 cm soil layer, especially for available P, followed by pH and soil organic matter (SOM). The crop rotation and ICLS adoption under no-till reduced the soybean reliance for mineral fertilization prior to cropping. Results of this study inform producers of possible fertilization adjustments, in which supplementing mineral fertilizer for soybean may not be necessary.
Use of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography for the Characterization of Tumor Thrombi in Seven Dogs
Authors: Cordella Alessia , Pey Pascaline , Linta Nikolina , Quinci Manuela , Baron Toaldo Marco , Pisoni Luciano , Bettini Giuliano , Diana Alessia
Published: September 2020

Tumors of adrenal and thyroid glands have been associated with vascular invasions—so-called tumor thrombi, both in humans and dogs. The detection and characterization of venous thrombi is an important diagnostic step in patients with primary tumors for both surgical planning and prognosis. The aim of this study was to describe the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) for the characterization of tumor thrombi. Dogs with tumor thrombus who underwent bi-dimensional ultrasound (B-mode US) and CEUS were included. Seven dogs were enrolled in this retrospective case series. On B-mode US, all thrombi were visualized, and vascular distension and thrombus-tumor continuity were seen in three and two cases, respectively. On color Doppler examination, all thrombi were identified, seemed non-occlusive and only two presented vascularity. On CEUS, arterial-phase enhancement and washout in the venous phase were observed in all cases. Non-enhancing areas were identified in the tumor thrombi most likely representing non-vascularized tissue that could potentially be embolized in the lungs after fragmentation of the tumor thrombi. On the basis of these preliminary study, CEUS appeared to be useful for the characterization of malignant intravascular invasion.
Dilemmas in the Management of Liminal Rodents—Attitudes of Dutch Pest Controllers
Authors: van Gerwen Maite A.A.M. , Nieuwland Joachim , van Lith Hein A. , Meijboom Franck L.B.
Published: September 2020

When non-human animals are labeled as ‘pests’, their moral status and welfare seem relatively unimportant. In a multi-stakeholder project, we develop an assessment frame for a more responsible rodent management that includes animal welfare. An online survey among 129 Dutch pest controllers was carried out in order to find out more about pest controllers’ attitudes about animal welfare. Respondents indicate to consider animal welfare in their job. They see differences in the welfare impact of different rodent control methods. A dilemma may occur when methods with a high impact, such as rodenticides, are ofttimes used in practice. Respondents also indicate that in different real-life scenarios (the hospital kitchen vs. the private backyard), a different weight may be attributed to the importance of animal welfare. Almost half of the respondents encounter difficulties when weighing animals against human interests. The problems are mainly related to clients who are not willing to invest sufficient money in preventive methods, where respondents do believe in. Some differences were found between respondents depending on membership of a professional association for pest controllers. The results of this study are relevant input for focus groups with pest controllers and their clients and for the development of the aforementioned assessment frame.
Using RNA-Seq to Identify Reference Genes of the Transition from Brown to White Adipose Tissue in Goats
Authors: Wang Linjie , Chen Xingyue , Song Tianzeng , Zhang Xujia , Zhan Siyuan , Cao Jiaxue , Zhong Tao , Guo Jiazhong , Li Li , Zhang Hongping , Wang Yan
Published: September 2020

Brown adipose tissues have unique non-shivering thermogenesis functions, can be found in newborn ruminate animals, and then are gradually replaced by white adipose tissues in adulthood. For the purpose of exploring the intrinsic mechanism underlying the conversion process from brown (BAT) to white adipose tissue (WAT), it is necessary to utilize Quantitative PCR (qPCR) to study gene expression profiling. In this study, we identified reference genes that were consistently expressed during the transformation from goat BAT to WAT using RNA-seq data. Then, twelve genes were evaluated as candidate reference genes for qPCR in goat perirenal adipose tissue using three tools (geNorm, Normfinder, and BestKeeper). In addition, the selected reference genes were used to normalize the gene expression of PGC-1α and GPAT4. It was found that traditional reference genes, such as GAPDH, RPLP0, HPRT1, and PPIA were not suitable for target gene normalization. In contrast, CTNNB, PFDN5, and EIF3M, selected from RNA sequencing data, showed the least variation and were recommended as the best reference genes during the transformation from BAT to WAT.
Friendship or Competition? Symmetry in Social Play within the Two Packs of German Shepherd Puppies
Authors: Kottferová Jana , Skurková Lenka , Mesarčová Lýdia , Lešková Lenka , Demeová Alena , Jakuba Tomáš
Published: September 2020

The symmetry of social play in Canids has been previously studied, especially in wolves, free-ranging dogs, and within mixed-aged groups, however our study focused on symmetry and asymmetry within play interactions in two litters (14 puppies) of German Shepherd dogs (GSDs). At the age of 7 weeks, we evaluated 1287 dyadic interactions (litter 1: n = 339 interactions, litter 2: n = 948 interactions), and at the age of 9 weeks we evaluated 1255 dyadic interactions (litter 1: n = 433 interactions, litter 2: n = 822 interactions). Dyadic interactions were observed and the winning indexes were calculated for 43 pairs (dyads). The groups of puppies studied were all the same age, therefore we focused on the aspects of sex and body size as primary variables. The weight and chest circumference of all puppies were measured. The distribution of interactions showed a slight inclination to mixed-sex dyads, but we did not obtain any statistically significant results concerning the impact of body size on play interactions. Symmetry in play was observed within litter 1 at the age of 7 weeks and at the age of 9 weeks, and within litter 2 at the age of 7 weeks. Since the number of puppies in this study was too small, these results should be interpreted regarding this limitation, and cannot be generalized to a larger population of domestic dogs nor the GSD breed. In further studies, it would be interesting to compare larger samples of different breeds, under different breeding conditions, and the effect of the environment on the style of social play.
In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Rumen-Protected Microencapsulated Supplement Comprising Linseed Oil, Vitamin E, Rosemary Extract, and Hydrogenated Palm Oil on Rumen Fermentation, Physiological Profile, Milk Yield, and Milk Composition in Dairy Cows
Authors: Kim Tae-Bin , Lee Jae-Sung , Cho Seung-Yeol , Lee Hong-Gu
Published: September 2020

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of adding dietary rumen-protected microencapsulated supplements into the ruminal fluid on the milk fat compositions of dairy cows. These supplements comprised linseed oil, vitamin E, rosemary extract, and hydrogenated palm oil (MO; Microtinic® Omega, Vetagro S.p.A, Reggio Emilia, Italy). For in vitro ruminal fermentation, Holstein–Friesian dairy cows each equipped with a rumen cannula were used to collect ruminal fluid. Different amounts (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) of MO were added to the diets to collect ruminal fluids. For the in vivo study, 36 Holstein–Friesian dairy cows grouped by milk yield (32.1 ± 6.05 kg/d/head), days in milk (124 ± 84 d), and parity (2 ± 1.35) were randomly and evenly assigned to 0.7% linseed oil (LO; as dry matter (DM) basis) and 2% MO (as DM basis) groups. These two groups were fed only a basal diet (total mixed ration (TMR), silage, and concentrate for 4 weeks) (period 1). They were then fed with the basal diet supplemented with oil (0.7 LO and 2% MO of DM) for 4 weeks (period 2). In the in vitro experiment, the total gas production was found to be numerically decreased in the group supplemented with 3% MO at 48 h post in vitro fermentation. A reduction of total gas production (at 48 h) and increase in ammonia concentration (24 h) were also observed in the group supplemented with 4% to 5% MO (p < 0.05). There were no differences in the in vitro fermentation results, including pH, volatile fatty acids, or CH4 among groups supplemented with 0%, 1%, and 2% MO. The results of the in vitro study suggest that 2% MO is an optimal dosage of MO supplementation in cows’ diets. In the in vivo experiment, the MO supplement more significantly (p < 0.01) increased the yield of total w3 fatty acids than LO (9.24 vs. 17.77 mg/100 g milk). As a result, the ratio of total omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids was decreased (p < 0.001) in the MO group compared to that in the LO group (6.99 vs. 3.48). However, the milk yield and other milk compositions, except for milk urea nitrogen, were similar between the two groups (p > 0.05). Collectively, these results suggest that the dietary supplementation of 2% MO is beneficial for increasing omega-3 fatty acids without any negative effects on the milk yield of dairy cows.
Influence of Laser-Designed Microstructure Density on Interface Characteristics and on Preliminary Responses of Epithelial Cells
Authors: Bonciu Anca , Wagner Alixandra , Marascu Valentina , Moldovan Antoniu , Dinu Cerasela Zoica , Dinca Valentina
Published: September 2020

Current trends in designing medical and tissue engineering systems rely on the incorporation of micro- and nano-topographies for inducing a specific cellular response within the context of an aimed application. As such, dedicated studies have recently focused on understanding the possible effects of high and low density packed topographies on the behavior of epithelial cells, especially when considering their long-term viability and functionality. We proposed to use stair-like designed topographies with three different degrees of distribution, all created in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as active means to monitor cell behavior. Our model cellular system was human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B), a reference line in the quality control of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). PDMS microtextured substrates of 4 µm square unit topographies were created using a mold design implemented by a KrF Excimer laser. Varying the spacing between surface features and their multiscale level distribution led to irregular stairs/lines in low, medium and high densities, respectively. Profilometry, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, contact angle and surface energy measurements were performed to evaluate the topographical and interface characteristics of the designed surfaces, while density-induced cellular effects were investigated using traditional cell-based assays. Our analysis showed that microstructure topographical distribution influences the adhesion profiles of epithelial cells. Our analysis hint that epithelial organoid formation might be initiated by the restriction of cell spreading and migration when using user-designed, controlled micro-topographies on engineered surfaces.
Ontology Fixing by Using Software Engineering Technology
Authors: Roldan-Molina Gabriela R. , Mendez Jose R. , Yevseyeva Iryna , Basto-Fernandes Vitor
Published: September 2020

This paper presents OntologyFixer, a web-based tool that supports a methodology to build, assess, and improve the quality of ontology web language (OWL) ontologies. Using our software, knowledge engineers are able to fix low-quality OWL ontologies (such as those created from natural language documents using ontology learning processes). The fixing process is guided by a set of metrics and fixing mechanisms provided by the tool, and executed primarily through automated changes (inspired by quick fix actions used in the software engineering domain). To evaluate the quality, the tool supports numerical and graphical quality assessments, focusing on ontology content and structure attributes. This tool follows principles, and provides features, typical of scientific software, including user parameter requests, logging, multithreading execution, and experiment repeatability, among others. OntologyFixer architecture takes advantage of model view controller (MVC), strategy, template, and factory design patterns; and decouples graphical user interfaces (GUI) from ontology quality metrics, ontology fixing, and REST (REpresentational State Transfer) API (Application Programming Interface) components (used for pitfall identification, and ontology evaluation). We also separate part of the OntologyFixer functionality into a new package called OntoMetrics, which focuses on the identification of symptoms and the evaluation of the quality of ontologies. Finally, OntologyFixer provides mechanisms to easily develop and integrate new quick fix methods.
Layout Guidelines for 3D Printing Devices
Authors: Kowalski Arkadiusz , Waszkowski Robert
Published: September 2020

3D printing methods are constantly gaining in popularity among investors, allowing for the production of products with a complex structure, and also used in the production of products with increasingly longer production series. It is planned to build factories (or those already under construction) in which 3D printing devices are the basic production devices. It is therefore important to develop guidelines and recommendations for layout design principles for additive technologies’ devices. A question should be asked: will the development of a layout for additive technology machines in future factories differ from the preparation of a layout plan, for example, removal machining devices? Is it safe to assume that the mathematical methods of optimizing the layout of Computerized Relative Allocation of Facilities Technique (CRAFT), Computerized Relationship Layout Planning (CORELAP), and Modified Spanning Tree (MST) workstations or Schmigalla triangles will also work for 3D printing machines and devices? In search of answers to these questions, the article will attempt to apply a selected mathematical method to optimize the layout of workstations when machines and devices of additive technology are deployed for the assumed technological process and implemented according to frequently used Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technologies. A sample layout will be prepared for the assumed production plan and selected 3D printing technologies. Requirements and guidelines relevant to the development of layout plans will be collected regarding the necessary space, installations, and connections.
Impact of Thermomechanical Fatigue on Microstructure Evolution of a Ferritic-Martensitic 9 Cr and a Ferritic, Stainless 22 Cr Steel
Authors: Kuhn Bernd , Lopez Barrilao Jennifer , Fischer Torsten
Published: September 2020

The highly flexible operation schemes of future thermal energy conversion systems (concentrating solar power, heat storage and backup plants, power-2-X technologies) necessitate increased damage tolerance and durability of the applied structural materials under cyclic loading. Resistance to fatigue, especially thermomechanical fatigue and the associated implications for material selection, lifetime and its assessment, are issues not considered adequately by the power engineering materials community yet. This paper investigates the principal microstructural evolution, damage and failure of two steels in thermomechanical fatigue loading: Ferritic-martensitic grade 91 steel, a state of the art 9 wt % Cr power engineering grade and the 22 wt % Cr, ferritic, stainless Crofer® 22 H (trade name of VDM Metals GmbH, Germany; under license of Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH) steel. While the ferritic-martensitic grade 91 steel suffers pronounced microstructural instability, the ferritic Crofer® 22 H provides superior microstructural stability and offers increased fatigue lifetime and more forgiving failure characteristics, because of innovative stabilization by (thermomechanically triggered) precipitation of fine Laves phase particles. The potential for further development of this mechanism of strengthening against fatigue is addressed.