bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Engagement With Science Among Religious Minorities: Lessons From COVID-19
Authors: Taragin-Zeller Lea , Rozenblum Yael , Baram-Tsabari Ayelet
Published: October 2020

While scholars have highlighted how science communication reifies forms of structural inequality, especially race and gender, we examine the challenges science communication pose for religious minorities. Drawing on the disproportionate magnitude of COVID-19-related morbidity on Israel’s Ultra-Orthodox Jews, we examined their processes of COVID-19 health decision making. Survey results show that both religious and health-related justifications were common for personal decisions, yet a disparity was found between the ways social distancing guidelines were perceived in the general education context compared with the religious context, signaling the importance for inclusive models of science communication that account for religious sensibilities and state-minority relations.
Assessment of Statin Interactions With the Human NTCP Transporter Using a Novel Fluorescence Assay
Authors: Wang Ying , Wilkerson Matthew , Li Jibin , Zhang Wei , Owens Albert , Wright Stephen , Hidalgo Ismael
Published: October 2020

Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), which is highly expressed in the sinusoidal membrane of hepatocytes, maintains bile acid homeostasis and participates in the hepatic disposition of a variety of endogenous substances as well as xenobiotics. Manifested by the involvement of organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1B1 and 1B3 (OATP1B1 and OATP1B3) in the hepatic uptake of statin drugs, sinusoidal membrane transporters play an important role in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these agents. It has been speculated that NTCP may function as an alternative pathway for statin hepatic uptake, complementary to OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. In the current study, we produced stable NTCP-expressing human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells and developed a fluorescence-based assay using flow cytometry for measuring NTCP transport with chenodeoxycholyl-(Nε-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole)-lysine (CDCA-NBD) as the substrate. NTCP-mediated CDCA-NBD transport was time-dependent and exhibited typical Michaelis–Menten kinetics, with a K m of 6.12 µM. Compounds known to interact with NTCP, including chenodeoxycholic acid and taurocholic acid, displayed concentration-dependent inhibition of NTCP-mediated CDCA-NBD transport. We report here a systematic evaluation of the interaction between statins and the NTCP transporter. Utilizing this system, several statins were either found to inhibit NTCP-dependent transport or act as substrates. We find a good correlation between the reported lipophilicity of statins and their ability to inhibit NTCP. The objective was to develop a higher-throughput system to evaluate potential inhibitors such as the statins. The in vitro assays using CDCA-NBD as fluorescent substrate are convenient, rapid, and have utility in screening drug candidates for potential drug–NTCP interactions.
Multimorbidity After Surgical Menopause Treated with Individualized Classical Homeopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Mahesh Seema , Denisova Tamara , Gerasimova Liudmila , Pakhmutova Nadezhda , Mallappa Mahesh , Vithoulkas George
Published: October 2020

Classical homeopathy was shown to be beneficial in climacteric syndrome in many studies, but the clinical effect is unclear. To inspect if individualized classical homeopathy has a role in treating complaints after surgical menopause through real world case, we present a case of a 54-year-old Russian woman treated with individualized classical homeopathy for multimorbid conditions after surgical menopause examined for changes from homeopathic treatment. We assessed changes in climacteric symptoms, changes in comorbidities, and the general well-being of the patient. The woman had severe climacteric syndrome, pelvic inflammatory disease, dyslipidemia, obesity, hepatic steatosis, pancreatic lipomatosis, gall bladder disease, and mild subclinical hypothyroidism to begin with. She was treated with individualized classical homeopathy and followed up for 31 months. She was relieved of the vasomotor symptoms and psychological disturbances of climacteric syndrome, her weight reduced, the ultrasound scan showed absence of lipomatosis/gall bladder disease/hepatic steatosis. Blood tests showed reduction of thyroid stimulating hormone and a balance in the lipid status. Individualized classical homeopathy may have a role in the climacteric syndrome and comorbidities after surgical menopause. The efficacy of homeopathic therapy in climacteric problems must be scientifically investigated further.
Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Unfavorable Outcomes in Patients With Acute Respiratory Syndromes Due to Coronaviruses Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pinedo-Torres Isabel , Flores-Fernández Magaly , Yovera-Aldana Marlon , Gutierrez-Ortiz Claudia , Zegarra-Lizana Paolo , Intimayta-Escalante Claudio , Moran-Mariños Cristian , Alva-Diaz Carlos , Pacheco-Barrios Kevin
Published: October 2020

Introduction:

Only 3 types of coronavirus cause aggressive respiratory disease in humans (MERS-Cov, SARS-Cov-1, and SARS-Cov-2). It has been reported higher infection rates and severe manifestations (ICU admission, need for mechanical ventilation, and death) in patients with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM). For this reason, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetes comorbidity and its associated unfavorable health outcomes in patients with acute respiratory syndromes for coronavirus disease according to virus types.

Methods:

Systematic review of literature in Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scielo until April of 2020. We included cohort and cross-sectional studies with no restriction by language or geographical zone. The selection and extraction were undertaken by 2 reviewers, independently. The study quality was evaluated with Loney’s instrument and data were synthesized by random effects model meta-analysis. The heterogeneity was quantified using an I2 statistic. Funnel plot, Egger, and Begg tests were used to evaluate publication biases, and subgroups and sensitivity analyses were performed. Finally, we used the GRADE approach to assess the evidence certainty (PROSPERO: CRD42020178049).

Results:

We conducted the pooled analysis of 28 studies (n = 5960). The prevalence analysis according to virus type were 451.9 diabetes cases per 1000 infected patients (95% CI: 356.74-548.78; I2 = 89.71%) in MERS-Cov; 90.38 per 1000 (95% CI: 67.17-118.38) in SARS-Cov-1; and 100.42 per 1000 (95% CI: 77.85, 125.26 I2 = 67.94%) in SARS-Cov-2. The mortality rate were 36%, 6%, 10% and for MERS-Cov, SARS-Cov-1, and SARS-Cov-2, respectively. Due to the high risk of bias (75% of studies had very low quality), high heterogeneity ( I2 higher than 60%), and publication bias (for MERS-Cov studies), we down rate the certainty to very low.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of DM in patients with acute respiratory syndrome due to coronaviruses is high, predominantly with MERS-Cov infection. The unfavorable health outcomes are frequent in this subset of patients. Well-powered and population-based studies are needed, including detailed DM clinical profile (such as glycemic control, DM complications, and treatment regimens), comorbidities, and SARS-Cov-2 evolution to reevaluate the worldwide prevalence of this comorbidity and to typify clinical phenotypes with differential risk within the subpopulation of DM patients.
Evaluating the impact of policy research: Evidence from the evaluation of rural policy research in developing countries
Authors: Slade Roger , Hazell Peter , Place Frank , Renkow Mitch
Published: October 2020

Policy research concerning developing countries must compete for scarce resources with alternative development investments, many of which are amenable to quantitative assessment of their impact and economic efficiency. This is especially true for policy research that addresses agriculture, food and rural poverty—rural policy research. This paper draws on existing evaluations of rural policy research to identify good practice in the conduct of impact evaluations in developing countries. While much has been learnt from these evaluations about how rural policy research can influence policies, the impact of the policy changes that may follow, and about methods for conducting such studies, very few have assessed the efficiency or economic benefit of rural policy research investments. The paper concludes that while the current focus on the use of mixed-method evaluations is necessary and sufficient in most cases, in the context of allocating public resources, evaluations that provide plausible estimates of the rates of return to major rural policy research investments, or even rural policy research institutions yield important additional and comparative information for decision makers. However, such quantitative assessments do not replace but depend on the prior conduct of qualitative and mixed-method evaluations.
Telemedicine-guided forearm emergency decompressive fasciotomy for compartment syndrome
Authors: Park J Patrick , Montreuil Julien , Nooh Anas , Martineau Paul A
Published: October 2020

Introduction

We highlight the utility of telemedicine and telementoring for the management of orthopaedic emergencies using a case of forearm compartment syndrome following a penetrating trauma in a northern Inuit community in Nunavik, Quebec, Canada.

Methods & Results

As in many cases of compartment syndrome in rural settings, the patient was at a high risk of developing irreversible complications. A prompt diagnosis followed by an emergency decompressive fasciotomy was warranted. Using telemedicine and telementoring guidance, the diagnosis of compartment syndrome was made, and the patient’s volar compartment was successfully decompressed by a local emergency physician in a timely manner. Subsequently, the patient was able to be safely transferred to a level 1 trauma centre for further surgical management. This included a second-look operative exploration, irrigation and debridement, completion of volar fasciotomy and ulnar nerve decompression. No complications were seen.

Discussion

Our experience highlights two important clinical implications. First, telemedicine can be successfully implemented to facilitate clinical diagnosis of surgical emergencies in the rural setting. Second, telementoring can effectively allow surgeons to guide physicians remotely to perform emergency decompressive fasciotomy, which can help salvage the affected limb and significantly decrease the risk of debilitating complications.
Integrated telehealth-assisted home-based specialist palliative care in rural Australia: A feasibility study
Authors: Jiang Beisi , Bills Maryann , Poon Peter
Published: October 2020

Introduction

This study assessed the feasibility of integrating telehealth-assisted home-based specialist palliative care (TH-SPC) into a rural community setting.

Methods

This was a prospective mixed-methods pilot study conducted in rural Victoria, Australia. Newly engaged adult patients and their caregivers of a community palliative-care service received video consultations with metropolitan-located specialist palliative-care physicians, alongside standard care. Those eligible patients who failed to receive TH-SPC were treated as a control group upon analysis. Data were collected over three months and at 30 days prior to death. Feasibility outcomes included efficiency of process, user satisfaction, clinical outcome and health-care metrics.

Results

A total of 21 patients completed the study, with an average age of 70.4 years and an average survival of 5.8 months. Fourteen patients received TH-SPC, and seven received standard care alone. Patient–caregiver feedback for TH-SPC showed a high level of overall satisfaction. Compared to standard care, the TH-SPC group demonstrated less functional decline from baseline at two weeks (Australia-modified Karnofsky Performance Status: –1.35 vs. –12.30, p = 0.067) and three months (8.48 vs. –10.79, p = 0.04) after the intervention. At 30 days prior to death, functional status remained better in the TH-SPC group, with fewer per capita community palliative-care nursing visits (5.46 vs. 9.32, effect size = 0.7), general practitioner visits (0.13 vs. 3.88, effect size = 1.34) and hospital admissions (0.02 vs. 0.2, effect size = 0.65).

Discussion

TH-SPC was successfully integrated into rural community-based palliative care, with potential benefits in performance status preservation and health-care resource utilisation.
Lipid-lowering therapies in peripheral artery disease: A review
Authors: Skeik Nedaa , Nowariak Meagan E , Smith Jenna E , Alexander Jason Q , Manunga Jesse M , Mirza Aleem K , Sullivan Timothy M
Published: October 2020

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is estimated to affect approximately 8.5 million individuals in the US above the age of 40, and is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and impairment. Despite the significant adverse limb and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes seen in patients with PAD, there is typically less attention paid to risk factor modification relative to other atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD) or stroke. In the current literature, statins have been shown to reduce mortality, major adverse CV events, major adverse limb events, and improve symptomatic outcomes in patients with PAD. In addition, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors are emerging as an additional lipid-lowering therapy for patients with PAD. However, despite current guideline recommendations based on growing evidence, patients with PAD are consistently undertreated with lipid-lowering therapies. We provide an extensive literature review and evidence-based recommendations for the use of statins and PCSK9 inhibitors in patients with PAD.
Toward an anthropology of loneliness
Authors: Ozawa-de Silva Chikako , Parsons Michelle
Published: October 2020

Loneliness, which is increasingly recognized as a public health concern, is not just a matter of individual psychology or cognition, but inherently social, cultural, and relational. It is an affective, subjective, and intersubjective reality, distinct from the physical reality of social isolation. This introduction to the thematic issues of Transcultural Psychiatry argues that the social and cultural nature of loneliness is an important area of study that requires interdisciplinary approaches and can particularly benefit from ethnography. Contributors explore concepts and expressions of loneliness in Japan, Kenya, Mexico, North Africa, Palestine, Russia, and the US. Cross-cutting themes include the importance of cultural expectations, practice, place, and recognition in the experience of loneliness. Loneliness is a culturally shaped experience that is problematized and medicalized across cultures, but it may also be fundamental to the human condition.
A bilingual advantage in memory capacity: Assessing the roles of proficiency, number of languages acquired and age of acquisition
Authors: Durand López Ezequiel M.
Published: October 2020

Aims and objectives:

This study examines whether different types of bilingualism modulate memory capacity differently. More specifically, the study assesses the effects of age of acquisition, number of languages acquired and proficiency in the second language (L2) on phonological short-term memory, visuospatial memory and semantic memory.

Design:

Memory capacity was measured by means of three tasks: the digit span task (phonological short-term memory); the Corsi block task (visuospatial memory); and the word span task (semantic memory). Participants were divided into five groups based on the number of languages acquired, age of acquisition and proficiency: monolinguals, intermediate L2 learners, advanced L2 learners, simultaneous bilinguals and multilinguals.

Data and analysis:

Analyses of variance were used to analyze participants’ scores for each of the memory tasks.

Findings and conclusions:

For the word span task, no significant differences were found among the groups, which supports the notion that semantic memory is language independent. Furthermore, intermediate and advanced L2 learners and multilinguals presented significantly higher phonological short-term memory spans compared to simultaneous bilinguals. Finally, intermediate L2 learners and multilinguals significantly outperformed monolinguals on visuospatial memory spans. Results suggest that L2 acquisition might strengthen both visuospatial and phonological short-term memory, which in turn tend to improve as L2 proficiency increases.

Originality:

While previous studies have provided evidence of a bilingual advantage in memory capacity, these studies have generally grouped different types of bilinguals together (e.g., L2 leaners and heritage speakers). This study takes a step forward by examining differences in memory capacity across different types of bilinguals and in comparison to their monolingual peers in order to better understand the cognitive effects of bilingualism.

Significance and implications:

When considering age of acquisition, number of languages acquired and proficiency as grouping factors, different effects of bilingualism on memory capacity can be observed. Future studies on this matter should include bilingual participants that are comparable with regard to the aforementioned variables.
‘Where’s the money coming from?’ Manifesto costings and the politics of fiscal credibility in UK general elections, 1955–2019
Authors: Sloman Peter
Published: October 2020

Tax and spending are central to democratic politics in the United Kingdom and elsewhere, but psephologists have paid surprisingly little attention to the practice of manifesto costings or the ways in which fiscal promises shape voting behaviour. This article uses qualitative research to trace how British parties have used manifesto costings to frame prospective choices for voters since the 1950s and develops a theoretical framework for understanding why warnings about ‘tax bombshells’ and ‘black holes’ in parties’ spending plans seem to be so powerful in Britain. The article suggests that the emphasis which governments have placed on budgetary constraints since the 1976 International Monetary Fund (IMF) crisis may help explain the long electoral cycles the United Kingdom has experienced in recent decades. Whereas retrospective economic evaluations can be difficult for governments to control, forward-looking fiscal debates are structurally weighed towards incumbent parties and offer a powerful way for incumbents to offset the ‘costs of governing’.
Emotional labour and occupational wellbeing in political office
Authors: Weinberg James
Published: October 2020

Like many public service workers, politicians must manage the emotions of others as well as themselves in order to facilitate cooperation or goal accomplishment. Coined by Arlie Hochschild, this type of work is known as emotional labour. This article analyses a unique data set on the emotional labour and occupational wellbeing of over 500 elected politicians in the United Kingdom to understand how this important feature of public service plays out in political office. On one hand, all three facets of emotional labour (emotion work, personal efficacy, and false-face acting) are found to be prevalent among elected politicians, with self-reported levels of emotional labour differing among men and women. On the other hand, emotion work and personal efficacy appear to improve job satisfaction and occupational pride among politicians, but false-face acting increases symptoms of occupational burnout. These findings raise important questions about the nature of political institutions and the sustainability of political work.
Understanding podcast users: Consumption motives and behaviors
Authors: Chan-Olmsted Sylvia , Wang Rang
Published: October 2020

Through a large-scale national survey, this study provided the first comprehensive examination of podcast users in the United States from the perspectives of motivation and usage. It deepened our understanding of this new on-demand audio platform in the context of consumption drivers, behaviors, and competing media options. The results showed that entertainment, information, and audio platform superiority were the most important motivators for podcast consumption. In addition, motives were found to affect listening behaviors, including listening settings, width, depth, and routine of listening, and usage of competing audio media, such as regular radio, online radio, and streaming music. The findings revealed that podcasting is a distinct medium with unique characteristics rather than a mobile, on-demand extension of existing audio platforms like radio. Podcast consumption, especially on today’s complex media platforms, is multidimensional and should be measured from multiple aspects and examined in various settings.
‘Kouri, kouri! Bis la ap vini!’: Reflections on the stigma of being Haitian at primary and secondary school in the Bahamas
Authors: Perry Charmane M
Published: October 2020

There is a pervasive stigma attached to being Haitian in the Bahamas. This article examines reflections on the experiences of the stigma of being Haitian at primary and secondary school among second-generation Haitians in the Bahamas. Based on this research, I argue that primary school functions as the first major institution where children of Haitian descent experience stigma as it relates to their ethnic heritage and, in turn, are exposed to the idea of being the ‘other’ in Bahamian society through bullying and anti-Haitian sentiments from students and teachers. Stigma, prejudice, exclusion, and discrimination characterize primary and secondary education for Haitians living in the Bahamas and are manifest in the form of cruel teasing, bullying, and discrimination primarily from students and teachers. The goal is not to argue that children of Haitian descent are completely unaware of anti-Haitian sentiment in the Bahamas until they attend school but, rather, that school functions as one of the first institutions children of Haitian descent learn there is stigma in being Haitian in the Bahamas.
Mitigation of wave force on a circular flexible plate by a surface-piercing flexible porous barrier
Authors: Gayathri R , Behera Harekrushna
Published: October 2020

Wave force acting on a circular flexible plate in the presence of a vertical surface-piercing flexible porous membrane is examined under the hypothesis of linear water wave theory. A semi-analytic solution is developed employing the Fourier-Bessel series expansion method along with the methods of separation of variables and least-squares approximation. To keep the outer flexible membrane at a desired position, clamped-moored condition is used. Appropriate orthogonal mode-coupling relationship for the eigenfunctions of the plate covered region is exploited in the expansion formulas together with the continuity of velocity and pressure for achieving the system of equations and to determine the unknowns. The effects of various physical parameters are analyzed by computing wave load on the structures, plate deflection and flow distribution. It is found that due to the presence of vertical flexible porous membrane, a significant amount of wave force on the plate is reduced. Thus, a cylindrical flexible porous membrane can be implemented to protect the inner circular flexible plate.
An fast Fourier transform–based correlation coefficient approach for structural damage diagnosis
Authors: Ngo Nhi K , Nguyen Thanh Q , Vu Thu V , Nguyen-Xuan H
Published: October 2020

We present a novel approach to evaluating mechanical features of structures using correlation coefficients and fast Fourier transform analysis. Although correlation coefficient is always a sensitive parameter to changes of mechanical properties of real structures, it is rarely used due to high complication in data collection. To overcome this drawback, we propose fast Fourier transform analysis to increase the sensitivity of correlation coefficient, simplify calculation, and retain information from the original signal. Numerical results show that the present method not only detects relation between changes in structure with progression of defects but also locates their position. An fast Fourier transform–based correlation coefficient approach provides evaluations in both real bridge structures and experimental models. This study can serve as reference for analyzing, evaluating, and identifying working status of real structures.
The role of top management teams in firm responses to performance shortfalls
Authors: Kolev Kalin D , McNamara Gerry
Published: October 2020

Past research rooted in the Behavioral Theory of the Firm has extensively examined the impact of performance feedback on organizational change and risk taking, finding robust effects that performance shortfalls enhance the risk taking of firms. We argue that the strength of this effect is likely to be contingent on the attributes of the firm’s top management team. To enhance our understanding of which firms are more likely to be sensitive to performance cues, we draw on the Upper Echelon Theory to theorize that key structural attributes of the top management team—tenure and gender diversity, size, and pay disparity—affect how top executives interpret poor performance and act upon it through engagement in strategic risk taking. Results show that top management teams with greater tenure diversity, smaller size, and smaller pay disparity among members engage in more strategic risk taking following performance shortfalls.
Preoperative Planning for EndoAnchor Use During Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair in the Distal Aortic Arch
Authors: de Beaufort Hector W. L. , Lovato Luigi , Valdivia Andrés Reyes , Kratimenos Theodoros , Rossi Giovanni , Rousseau Hervé , Riambau Vicente , Heijmen Robin H.
Published: October 2020

Purpose:

To describe steps related to intraoperative C-arm orientations that can be taken during preoperative planning of thoracic stent-graft repair to facilitate the deployment of EndoAnchors in the distal aortic arch.

Technique:

Previous experience from transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) may be helpful in addressing issues with C-arm orientation. In TAVI, preoperative computed tomography (CT) images are routinely obtained to generate a patient-specific curve that represents a virtually complete rotation of the C-arm perpendicular to the annulus. The curve clearly demonstrates that each adjustment in cranial or caudal view needs parallax correction in the left or right anterior oblique direction to remain perpendicular, and vice versa. This experience can be translated to the preoperative planning of EndoAnchor use in the aortic arch. By placing markers along the circumference of the proximal landing zone of the preoperative CT scan, the required C-arm orientations can be determined for each marker.

Conclusion:

Determining the optimal C-arm orientation during preoperative planning will facilitate successful EndoAnchor deployment and may contribute to improved durability of endovascular repair in hostile necks in the aortic arch.
Clinical features and diagnostic imaging of cholangiolocellular carcinoma compared with other primary liver cancers: a surgical perspective
Authors: Takamura Hiroyuki , Gabata Ryousuke , Obatake Yoshinao , Nakanuma Shinichi , Hayashi Hironori , Kozaka Kazuto , Sasaki Motoko , Okazaki Mitsuyoshi , Yamaguchi Takahisa , Shimbashi Hiroyuki , Terai Shiro , Okamoto Koichi , Makino Isamu , Kinoshita Jun , Nakamura Keishi , Miyashita Tomoharu , Tajima Hidehiro , Ninomiya Itasu , Fushida Sachio , Kitao Azusa , Kitahara Masaaki , Arai Kuniaki , Yamashita Taro , Yamashita Tatsuya , Ikeda Hiroko , Satoh Yasunori , Harada Kenichi , Kaneko Syuichi , Gabata Toshihumi , Kosaka Tateo , Ohta Tetsuo
Published: October 2020

Background and Objectives:

Although cholangiolocellular carcinoma is considered a combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma, we feel that this classification is not appropriate. Therefore, we compared the diagnostic imaging findings, surgical prognosis, and pathological features of cholangiolocellular carcinoma with those of other combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma subtypes, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods:

The study patients included 7 with classical type combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma; 8 with stem cell feature, intermediate type combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma; 13 with cholangiolocellular carcinoma; 58 with cholangiocarcinoma; and 359 with hepatocellular carcinoma. All patients underwent hepatectomy or living-related donor liver transplantation from 2001 to 2014.

Results:

cholangiolocellular carcinoma could be distinguished from hepatocellular carcinom, other combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma subtypes, and cholangiocarcinoma by the presence of intratumoral Glisson’s pedicle, hepatic vein penetration, and tumor-staining pattern on angiography-assisted CT. Cholangiolocellular carcinoma was associated with a significantly lower SUV-max than that of cholangiocarcinoma on FDG-PET. Hepatocellular carcinoma, classical type, and cholangiolocellular carcinoma had significantly better prognoses than stem cell feature, intermediate type and cholangiocarcinoma. A cholangiocarcinoma component was detected in cholangiolocellular carcinoma that progressed to the hepatic hilum, and the cholangiocarcinoma component was found in perineural invasion and lymph node metastases.

Conclusions:

From the viewpoint of surgeon, cholangiolocellular carcinoma should be classified as a good-prognosis subtype of biliary tract carcinoma because of its tendency to differentiate into cholangiocarcinoma during its progression, and its distinctive imaging and few recurrence rates different from other combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma subtypes.
Concurrent Treatment of Intimate Partner Violence and Trichotillomania From an Emotion Regulation Framework: A Case Study
Authors: Casas Jena B. , Szoke Daniel R. , Benuto Lorraine T.
Published: October 2020

Survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) experience a vast array of emotional and behavioral consequences, including difficulties in areas related to emotion regulation, and they often qualify for comorbid psychological diagnoses. Although a modified version of DBT has been examined as a treatment for survivors of IPV experiencing emotional dysregulation, there has been little mention of how to treat comorbid disorders among this population. Given that body focused repetitive behaviors (BFRB’s), such as trichotillomania, can be conceptualized as poor coping mechanisms to soothe dysregulated emotions, it seems beneficial to understand how to treat these diagnoses in the context of IPV sequelae. To date, there are limited examinations of DBT enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy for those suffering from IPV exposure and trichotillomania. The following case provides a successful example for how and why such therapy can be conducted for the treatment of comorbid diagnoses following IPV exposure.
Reactive Eccrine Syringofibroadenomatosis Associated With Venous Leg Ulcers: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tedbirt Billal , Carvalho Priscille , Boulard Claire , Tetart Florence , Deschamps-Huvier Aurélie , Chenal Pierre , Courville Philippe , Cellier Lucie , Joly Pascal
Published: October 2020

Eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA) is a rare adnexal tumor deriving from the acrosyringeal portion of the eccrine duct. Five subtypes of ESFA were described including a reactive form. Reactive ESFAs are associated with inflammatory and neoplastic dermatoses. In this article, we report the case of a 90-year-old woman presenting with 3 leg ulcers evolving for 2 years surrounded by large verrucous and eczematous lesions. Multiple skin biopsies showed anastomosing epithelial cords connected to the epidermis consistent with ESFA. We identified 8 cases of ESFA associated with chronic leg ulcers in the literature and reviewed their main clinical and histological features.
Direct conversion of adult human retinal pigmented epithelium cells to neurons with photoreceptor properties
Authors: Li Bo , Jiang Houbo , Li Hong , Zhang Boyang , Slaughter Malcolm , Yan Zhen , Feng Jian
Published: October 2020

Degeneration of photoreceptors is a major cause of blindness. Identifying new methods for the generation of photoreceptors offers valuable options for a cell replacement therapy of blindness. Here, we show that primary adult human retinal pigmented epithelium (hRPE) cells were directly converted to postmitotic neurons with various properties of photoreceptors by the neurogenic transcription factor ASCL1 and microRNA124. At Day 8 after the induction of ASCL1 and miRNA124 expression in hRPE cells, 91% of all cells were Tuj1+, and 83% of all cells were MAP2+neurons. The cone photoreceptor marker L/M-opsin, the rod photoreceptor marker rhodopsin, and the generic photoreceptor marker recoverin were expressed in 76%, 86%, and 92% of all cells, respectively. Real-time quantitative PCR measurements showed significant and continuous increases in the expression of photoreceptor markers phosducin and recoverin, rod cell markers phosphodiesterases 6 b and arrestin S-antigen, and cone cell markers L/M-opsin and S-opsin in three independent lines of primary hRPE cells at different days of transdifferentiation. Transmission electron microscopy of converted neurons showed disc-like structures similar to those found in photoreceptors. While the converted neurons had voltage-dependent Na+, K+, and Ca2+currents, light-induced change in membrane potential was not detected. The study demonstrates the feasibility of rapid and efficient transdifferentiation of adult hPRE cells to neurons with many properties of photoreceptors. It opens up a new possibility in cell replacement therapy of blindness caused by photoreceptor degeneration.
Archaeological Collecting at the Museum of Northern Arizona: From Past to Present
Authors: Hughes Elaine
Published: October 2020

The Museum of Northern Arizona (MNA) is a private institution yet an estimated 89 percent of its archaeological holdings are not owned by the museum. The story of how MNA acquired these collections is rooted in its founding in 1928 by a group of local citizens under the leadership of Dr. Harold S. and Mary-Russell Ferrell Colton and collaboration with J.C. Clarke, an amateur archaeologist and custodian of Wupatki National Monument. Dr. Colton encouraged local collectors to donate their prehistoric collections to MNA, but also conducted a systematic archaeological survey beginning in 1916 to document sites, often on federal land, in northern Arizona. There have been many policy changes by MNA since earlier days with the passage of laws that affirm federal ownership and Native American claims to archaeological resources from their lands. MNA also updated its policy and protocol for accepting archaeological materials from private entities and developed Native American partnerships for rehoming certain types of artifacts.
Competing Cultures: A New Age in Chaco Canyon
Authors: Bustard Wendy
Published: October 2020

Chaco Culture National Historical Park was founded to protect and preserve the archaeological remains of a complex pre-Hispanic American Southwestern society. The 1987 celebration of the Harmonic Convergence in Chaco Canyon forced the park to re-examine its museum collection policies. A new cultural use of the park arose with modern “offerings” left in archaeological sites by non-Native visitors. At the same time, Native American descendant communities were finding their political voices and making themselves heard by federal land managers. Managing the physical manifestations of competing cultural uses has evolved over time at Chaco, in response to descendant communities, “New Age” practitioners, and researchers.
Autonomous Patient-Controlled Mobilization Protocol After Flexor Tendon Repair: A Case Series
Authors: Gómez Bárbara , Rodríguez María , García Luis
Published: October 2020

Background:

Despite many publications on rehabilitation after repair of flexor tendon injuries of the hand, there is no consensus as to which method is superior. It is clear that nonadherence to postoperative therapy adversely affects the outcome after flexor tendon surgery. In the context of a developing country, the most important factor associated with poor outcome is late onset of rehabilitation therapy. An autonomous rehabilitation program is proposed, with the use of a low-cost splint and based on an online illustrative video with the expectation to improve adherence and patient compliance, thus ensuring satisfactory outcome.

Methods:

Twenty-two consecutive digits of 14 patients after flexor tendon repair in zone II were included. Autonomous early passive mobilization physical therapy and splinting started shortly after surgery, supported by an online available video depicting prescribed exercises; follow-up was continued until postoperative week 20. Patients were evaluated regarding range of motion, grip strength, and the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) disability scale.

Results:

Range of motion after 20 weeks according to the scoring system of the American Society of Surgery of Hand was excellent in 4, good in 11, and fair in 4 fingers. The mean total active motion score was 86% (95% confidence interval, 78%-93%). The mean grip strength at final follow-up was 86% of the contralateral hand. The mean QuickDASH score was 12.5 (2.3-31.8).

Conclusion:

This protocol achieves good results in range of motion and early return of function of the hand. We propose this simple, nonexpensive method to developing countries with less than optimal availability of health care.
Intracranial and extracranial multiple arterial dissecting aneurysms in rheumatoid arthritis: A case report
Authors: Uekawa Ken , Kaku Yasuyuki , Amadatsu Toshihiro , Matsuzaki Hiroaki , Ohmori Yuki , Kawano Takayuki , Hirata Shinya , Yamaguchi Tomomi , Kosho Tomoki , Mukasa Akitake
Published: October 2020

Objective

We describe a case of intracranial and extracranial multiple arterial dissecting aneurysms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Case Presentation

A 29-year-old man with a medical history of RA since 18 years of age was admitted to our hospital for vomiting, dysarthria, and conscious disturbance. At 23, he underwent ligation of the left internal carotid artery (ICA) with superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery anastomosis because of acute infarct of the left hemisphere caused by arterial dissection of the left ICA. During the current admission, computed tomography (CT) revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) demonstrated dissecting aneurysms of the left intracranial vertebral artery (VA) and right extracranial VA. We diagnosed him with a ruptured dissecting aneurysm of the left intracranial VA and performed endovascular parent artery occlusion on the left VA. For the right unruptured VA aneurysm, we performed coil embolization simultaneously. At 2 weeks after the endovascular treatment, follow-up DSA revealed that multiple de novo dissecting aneurysms developed on the origin of the left VA and left and right internal thoracic arteries. Those aneurysms were treated with coil embolization. Other remaining aneurysms on the left thyrocervical trunk, right transverse cervical artery, and both common iliac arteries were treated by conservative therapy. While continuing medical treatment for RA, the patient recovered and was discharged to a rehabilitation hospital.

Conclusion

Considering that RA-induced vasculitis can be a potential risk of vascular complications including multiple arterial dissections, physicians should carefully perform endovascular interventional procedures for patients with long-term RA.
Early major recurrence of cerebral aneurysms after satisfactory initial coiling
Authors: Abdalkader Mohamad , Raymond Jean , Mian Asim , Naragum Varun , Cronk Katharine , Roy Daniel , Weill Alain , Nguyen Thanh N
Published: October 2020

Background and purpose

Early major recurrence (EMR) of cerebral aneurysms treated by coiling has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to characterize the frequency and risk factors of this phenomenon.

Materials and methods

A retrospective review was performed of consecutive patients who presented with ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms and underwent coiling from July 2009 to June 2019 at a university hospital. We defined EMR as recurrence of the aneurysm greater than its initial size within the first 6 months of an initial satisfactory coil embolization. Patient demographics, clinical information, aneurysm characteristics, angiographic and technical details were reviewed.

Results

From July 2009 to June 2019, 338 aneurysms (190 unruptured aneurysms and 148 ruptured cerebral aneurysms) underwent coiling and satisfied our study criteria. Among these patients, 23 patients (19 ruptured and 4 unruptured aneurysms) were found to have recurrent aneurysm. Of those, 4 were found to have early major aneurysm regrowth occurring within 6 months after coiling (1.2%). The detection of the EMR was as early as 4 weeks and as late as 20 weeks after the initial coil embolization. The average detection time was 10 ± 7.2 weeks (mean ± SD, range:4-20 weeks). In each case, the recurrent aneurysm cavity was more than twice the initial size of presentation. All aneurysms with major recurrence were ruptured with low aspect ratios (dome height to neck ratio) and involved a communicating segment. All patients underwent successful retreatment of the recurrent aneurysm with good outcome.

Conclusions

Early major recurrence of treated aneurysms is a rare but important complication that harbors an impending risk of re-rupture. Early control angiography after endovascular coiling may be warranted for small ruptured aneurysms, even in cases in which the initial result seems technically satisfactory.
Overcoming “You Can Ask My Mom”: Clinical Arts-Based Perspectives to Include Children Under 12 in Mental Health Research
Authors: Caldairou-Bessette Prudence , Nadeau Lucie , Mitchell Claudia
Published: October 2020

As research with children (rather than research on children) gains popularity and researchers adapt methods to include children’s voices, continual reflection on the research methods themselves is needed. In this article, we explore the relevance of playing and drawing in qualitative research interviews to include and represent the voice of children under 12 years of age, particularly in the field of mental health research. We reflect on the conception of children’s voice in research and argue for an understanding of voice that goes beyond verbal language. We suggest a combination of perspectives from arts-based research and clinical interview practice to support our understanding of children’s voice in research. As an illustration, we draw on an example taken from a large research project in Youth Mental Health Collaborative Care during which 23 children under the age of 12 were interviewed using a talk-play-draw model. We discuss the multidimensional aspect of children’s voices and the ethical value of arts and play in research interviews. We highlight the importance of researchers’ ethical reflexivity and creative participation in their quest to understand children’s voices. While doing so, we emphasize the responsibility of researchers to interpret, translate and represent as justly as possible a multi-layered, complex and often disorganized voice into a form that is accessible to the linear world of academic research. Given that it is perhaps inevitable that researchers use their own voice in this process, we argue that in conducting research with children, we need to engage both the children as participants and the researchers as advocates for children’s perspectives.
Fuzzy polychromatic sets constraint model for route planning problem
Authors: Chao Cai , Xing Gong Zhi , Wei Qin Xiao , Shi Zhou Qiu , Xia Sun Xi
Published: October 2020

Unmanned aerial vehicle route planning is a complex multiconstrained multiobjective optimization problem. Due to the complexity of various constraints and the mutual coupling between them, the expression of constraint conditions is not universal and normative. The development, maintenance, and upgrading of an existing route planning system are very difficult. In this article, by establishing the polychromatic sets of aircraft, aircraft equipment, and flight actions, creating the fuzzy relational matrix between equipment and actions and between actions and actions, this article realizes the standardized and generalized expression of the constraint condition of the route planning problem. Then the analysis and inspection of the constraint conditions are realized by the polychromatic sets operation rules.
The Marketplace of Racist Ideas
Authors: Leong Nancy , Whitfield Kevin M.
Published: October 2020

This commentary examines academic freedom in the context of racist campus speech. Drawing on both historical and contemporary events, it argues that the protection of racist campus speech – and the emphasis from some elements of the political left and right on the importance of of protecting such speech – in fact suppresses ideas and speech from faculty and students of color. In particular, protecting racist campus speech silences anti-racist ideas and speech. This suppression results in substantial harms to academic freedom for groups and ideas that badly need it: faculty and students of color, who are often underrepresented and marginalized on campus, and anti-racist speech, which is frequently treated as unimportant or unintellectual.
Examining Applicant Online Recruitment: The Use of Fictitious Websites in Experimental Studies
Authors: Lee Lindsey , Guzzo Renata F. , Madera Juan M. , Guchait Priyanko
Published: October 2020

Advancements in technology enable hospitality organizations to rely on digital recruitment efforts such as websites to attract applicants. Reflecting this industry trend, a small, but growing body of literature from the hospitality industry examines how applicants react to online recruiting using fictitious websites of hypothetical companies in experiments. The purpose of this article is to validate the use of fictitious websites as an experimental data collection method. Two quasi-experiments were guided by theories and model of applicant perceptions of fit and organizational attraction. Fit was manipulated by matching the career preference of active job seekers (e.g., a job seeker in the hotel sector) with a fictitious website (e.g., a hotel’s careers page) or not (control group). The results from the two quasi-experiments showed person–organization fit (Study 1) and person–job fit (Study 2) led to more organizational attraction under conditions of matches (e.g., a job seeker in the hotel sector evaluating a hotel’s careers page) than in the control groups. The findings of the two studies not only support the use of fictitious websites as a viable data collection method but also open a new line of research for hospitality research and human resources. Future hospitality scholars can use this technique to manipulate organization’s human resource practices (e.g., recruitment, selection, training, performance evaluation, compensation, and benefits) and examine attitudes of individuals (e.g., applicants, employees, and managers). The current data collection method also allows for researchers to not only manipulate information but also maximize the realism of the experimental stimuli.