bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of the carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from samples obtained from Shahrekord hospitals and determination of their minimum inhibitory concentration
Authors: Kakian Farshad , Zamanzad Behnam , Gholipour Abolfazle , Zamanzad Kiarash
Published: April 2020

Background and aims:Carbapenems are the final-line treatments for multidrug-resistant, gram-negative infections. The patterns of resistance to carbapenems among hospital bacterial pathogens vary widely across different hospitals in a country. Considering that Escherichia coli is one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections, it is essential to study its drug resistance.Methods:In this descriptive-analytical study, a total of 80 samples of E. coli isolated from inpatients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) were collected in different wards (i.e., women, urology, infectious, and ICU) of Shahrekord hospitals. After the diagnosis and confirmation of bacteria by standard bacteriological methods, their sensitivity to imipenem and meropenem was investigated by the antibiogram (diskdiffusion) method. Then, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the E-test strip according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standard.Results:In this study, resistance to meropenem and imipenem by antibiogram (disc diffusion) was observed in 21 (25.26%) and 20 (25%) of the isolates, respectively. Twenty isolates had MIC ≥4 μg/mL for meropenem, 13 isolates demonstrated MIC≥4 μg/mL for imipenem, and 14 isolates had 1≤MIC<4 μg/mL and were semi-sensitive.Conclusion:In general, E. coli had significant resistance to carbapenems. Therefore, rapid and accurate identification of these strains can be a major step to the treatment and control of these strains and prevention of the spread of the resistance.
Primary hydatid cyst of the neck diagnosed by frozen section
Authors: Jafari Elham , Shokrizadeh Mahdieh , Shahba Mohsen
Published: April 2020

Hydatid cyst develops as a slowly growing cyst in patients infected with echinococcosis, which is caused by larval stages of cestodes (tapeworms) of the genus Echinococcus, and is also known as hydatidosis. Echinococcus granulosus is the most common Echinococcus species involving humans. Echinococcosis can involve any organ. The liver, followed by the lungs, is the most commonly involved organ. Hydatid cyst in the head and neck is so rare that only a few cases have so far been reported. The case reported here is an unusual location of hydatidosis even in countries where echinococcal infection is endemic. She is a 15-year-old girl presenting with asymptomatic cervical cyst. The result of the cervical computed tomography scan was similar to a benign congenital cyst but the frozen section demonstrated a hydatid cyst that was confirmed by final histopathology. We were encouraged to report this case due to the rarity of its location and difference between clinico-radiological presentations and frozen section.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Novel Freshwater Bacterium Tabrizicola aquatica as a Prominent Natural Antibiotic Available in Qurugol Lake
Authors: Tarhriz Vahideh , Eyvazi Shirin , Shakeri Elia , Hejazi Mohammad Saeid , Dilmaghani Azita
Published: April 2020

Background
: Recently, resistant pathogenic microorganisms have become increasingly wide spread. The search for new natural antibiotics is a viable solution to this problem. For this aim we investigated the antimicrobial ability of Tabrizicola aquatica, the novel bacterium isolated from Qurugol Lake located nearby Tabriz city, Iran. Methods: The antimicrobial properties of Tabrizacola aquatica was investigated using well diffusion test. Tabtizicola aquatica was incubated at 40℃ in shaking incubator at 150 rpm for 14 days. The culture was centrifuged to obtain cell free supernatant, which was sterilized using 0.2 μm filter paper and lyophilized. Microorganisms were lawn and then wells were prepared over the agar plates. About 100 ml of the diluted lyophilized supernatant was added to the wells. The plates then were incubated at 37℃. After 48 hours, antimicrobial activity was defined by measuring the inhibition zone diameter. Results: The bacterial filtrates had considerable antagonistic effect against Escherichia coli, Rhizobium radiobacter, Pseudomonas syringae, Erwinia amylovora, Botrytis cinerea, Neurospora crassa and Fusarium oxysporum. However, the filtrates did not show any inhibitory action on the Aspergillus flavus and Klebsiella pneumonia. The supernatant decreased the growth zone on Streptococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Xanthomonas camoestris and Bassilus cereos. The result of MIC against pathogens was found for Neurospora crassa in the 50 µg/mL. Conclusion: The results, suggested that Tabrizicola aquatica and similar bacteria can be helpful to control freshwater natural water sources from pathogenic microorganism. Moreover, microbial natural products are still the most promising source of new antibiotics. Our results point out a scope for characterization of the metabolites and could be a candidate in the identification of novel antibiotics.
Virgin Coconut Oil Ameliorates Colchicine Induced Cognitive Dysfunction- A Preclinical Study
Authors: John Jeena , Sapa Naveen Kumar , Shenoy Rekha R
Published: April 2020

Background
: Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been identified as a potential cognitive strengthener associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It contains medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) which are absorbed and easily metabolized by the liver to form ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are converted to acetyl Co-A in the brain which then enters the citric acid cycle to provide ATP and also serves as precursors of acetylcholine in neurons. Sunflower oil (SO) contains poly unsaturated fatty acids which has both anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective actions. To compare the neuroprotective effects of VCO and SO on biochemical parameters involved in the cognitive dysfunction induced by colchicine through intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) route.To assess the role of polyphenols and MCFA present in VCO in preventing oxidative stress and its influence on in neuroprotection and memory enhancement. Methods: In the present study, we induced dementia through i.c.v injection of colchicine after giving the diet enriched VCO and SO in rats for 60 days. Rats were sacrificed on the 22nd day after the administration of colchicine. Behavioral parameters were assessed during the study period and biochemical estimations were performed using frontal cortex and hippocampus isolated from rat brain. Results: From the memory and learning tests by Morris water maze, VCO treated group performed better than SO treated rats. VCO reversed the antagonistic effects induced by colchicine by decreasing the acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde levels and increasing the levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase. SO only reduced malondialdehyde levels in cortex and hippocampus. Conclusion: The results demonstrated potential beneficiary effects of VCO in the cognitive dysfunction induced by colchicine by enhancing acetylcholine levels in the frontal cortex and hippocampus and also by reducing oxidative stress induced by physiological oxidants.
Control of Organophosphorus Pesticides Residues in Honey Samples Using a Miniaturized Tandem Preconcentration Technique Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Mohebbi Ali , Yaripour Saeid , Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza , Malekinejad Hassan
Published: April 2020

Background
: In the present work, a miniaturized sample preparation method based on combination of dispersive solid phase extraction and temperature–induced homogenous liquid–liquid microextraction has been proposed for the extraction and preconcentration of some organophosphorus pesticides (parathion–methyl, triazophos, parathion, diazinon, and phoxim) from honey samples prior to their analysis by high performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection. Methods: In this method, initially the analytes were adsorbed onto a sorbent (C18) and then desorbed by the use of cyclohexyl amine as an eluent. In the next step, the eluent was mixed with water thermostated at 0 °C to obtain a homogenous solution. By increasing the temperature, the solubility of cyclohexyl amine in water was decreased and led to formation of dispersed fine droplets in the whole of solution. These droplets go up through the solution and collected on top of the solution. Finally, an aliquot of the organic phase was sucked in a microsyringe and injected into the separation system for analysis. Results: Under the optimum experimental conditions, limits of detection and quantification were calculated to be in the ranges of 0.90–1.75 and 3.0–5.8 ng g–1 in honey samples, respectively. Enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were in the ranges of 148–183 and 59–73%, respectively. The relative standard deviations varied from 2–4% and 4–5% for intra– (n = 6) and inter–day (n = 4) precisions, respectively. Conclusion: The suggested approach was satisfactorily utilized to the analysis of 21 honey samples. The proposed miniaturized tandem sample pretreatment method enhanced the sensitivity of the instrumental analysis.
Perceiving the effectiveness of structured peer observation of teaching among anatomy postgraduate students– single institutional experience
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , S.S.S.N Rajasekhar , Veeramani Raveendranath
Published: April 2020

Background: Peer observation is one method of honing teaching skills by evaluating the presentation skills of others with a two-way process of improvement based on critical reflection.Structuring the process of peer observation helps identify gaps where individual students may err while teaching. The main aim of this initiative is to evaluate the quality of teaching among postgraduate students in one department using the principles of peer, near-peer, and faculty observation. Methods: Structured peer observation of postgraduate seminars was conducted where students’teaching skills were critically commented upon by peers, near-peers, and faculty. Measurements included perceived confidence of students in the feedback process, self-appraisal of competence in selected teaching behaviours and participants’ attitude towards the process of observation using quantitative methodologies. The results were analysed using descriptive statistical methods and expressed as measures of central tendency. Results: Overall outcomes were highly positive in terms of confidence and appraisal abilities of students in the feedback process. The attitudinal perceptions of students were also positive. Conclusion: Using feedback from peer and near-peer evaluation, students can develop the teaching skills which will later manifest as beneficial teaching practices in long run. By repeatedly observing and then enacting teaching practices, the gap existing between the current state and the desired state of performance can be reduced.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA NO BRASIL NO PERÍODO DE 2012 A 2018
Authors: Tamires Lacerda Silva Cleisla , Pereira Vasconcelos Karla
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: avaliar a notificação da sífilis congênita no Brasil entre os anos de 2012 a 2018, de acordo com a base de dados do SINAN, descrevendo o perfil epidemiológico das gestantes cujos recém-nascidos apresentaram sífilis congênita, verificando a realização de pré-natal e do tratamento das gestantes e seus parceiros. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado por meio de coleta de dados na plataforma on-line SINAN. A população de estudo foi composta por todos os casos de sífilis congênita notificados no Brasil no período entre 2012 e 2018. RESULTADOS: foram notificados 134.409 casos de sífilis congênita no Brasil entre de 2012 a 2018. Em relação as variáveis, a faixa etária da maioria das mães estava entre 20 e 29 anos, a escolaridade mais observada foi da 5° a 8° série incompleta, a maioria realizou o pré-natal e foi diagnosticada com sífilis durante o mesmo, a maior parte das gestantes recebeu um tratamento inadequado, e mais da metade dos parceiros não foram tratados. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de ser uma infecção que apresenta baixo custo e facilidade para sua prevenção, a sífilis congênita permanece como uma infecção de difícil controle no Brasil, gerando impactos na saúde materna infantil. Para mudar essa realidade, é necessário que o pré- natal do país tenha sua qualidade melhorada. É preciso que os profissionais se empenhem em acolher, identificar e orientar gestantes portadoras de sífilis congênita, e sensibilizá-las para realizarem um tratamento adequado para não fornecer riscos a seu bebê. Palavras chave: Cuidado pré-natal. Epidemiologia. Perfil de Saúde. Sífilis. Sífilis Congênita.
NOTIFICAÇÕES DE LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL HUMANA: REALIDADE DO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA
Authors: Cruz de Oliveira Dantas Rosimery , Cruz de Oliveira Dantas Rosielly , Simões Dantas Dilermando
Published: April 2020

Objetivou-se conhecer a tendência da leishmaniose visceral humana (LVH) no Estado da Paraíba e construir um perfil epidemiológico dos sujeitos acometidos. Adotou-se um estudo epidemiológico, série temporal, caráter quantitativo, com base nas notificações compulsórias de LVH, coletadas no site do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Teve como população as 1.027 notificações de leishmanioses no período de 2009 a 2018 e amostra 413 de LV. A análise foi realizada com estatística descritiva, utilizando-se do software Microsoft Excel 2013® e o SPSS versão 20.0. Os dados revelaram que a média de notificação na Paraíba, no período, foi 34,4 casos/ano, representando 1,1% da Região Nordeste e 0,71% do Brasil. Apresentou tendência oscilante no período estudado, no Brasil e na Paraíba. Mais prevalente em homens (64,9%), na faixa etária <5 anos (29,3%), com até 4 anos de estudo (47,59%), da raça negra (73,1%). 15,3% apresentou coinfecção com HIV, dos quais 52,4% teve cura e 7,9% foi a óbito. Conclui-se que o grupo etário de crianças e idosos é mais vulnerável. Ocorre mais em homens de baixa escolaridade e raça negra. A LVH se destaca como uma doença crônica e de alta letalidade quando não diagnóstica e tratada adequadamente e se caracteriza como um grave problema de saúde pública, por sua falta de controle, exigindo da Vigilância em Saúde, profissionais de saúde e gestores ações mais efetivas no rastreio da LV canina e controle dos animais de rua.

Palavras chave: Leishmaniose Visceral. Notificação Compulsória. Zoonose.
Hubungan BMI dengan gejala menopause pada wanita menopause di Desa Bangkok Kecamatan Gurah Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Sari Aprilia nurtika , Istighosah Nining
Published: April 2020

BMI dapat mempengaruhi gejala menopause, salah satunya disebabkan karena BMI merupakan penentu utama kadar estrogen endogen. BMI merupakan salah satu faktor yang paling sering diselidiki terkait dengan efek BMI pada gejala menopause, terutama hot flashes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan BMI dengan gejala menopause pada wanita menopause di Desa Bangkok Kecamatan Gurah Kabupaten Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan crossectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 50 orang yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, timbangan dan metelin. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Bangkok Kecamatan Gurah Kabupaten Kediri pada bulan Juni-Juli 2019. Uji Chi-square digunakan untuk memperkirakan hubungan statistik yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebagian besar responden (98%) baik dengan berat badan kurang, normal, ataupun berlebih mengalami gejala menopause ringan dan sedang. Hanya 1 orang responden (2%) yang mengalami gejala menopause berat. Hasil uji Chi-square didapatkan p-value sebesar 0,464, artinya tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara BMI dan gejala menopause pada wanita menopause di Desa Bangkok Kecamatan Gurah Kabupaten Kediri.
E EFEKTIFITAS MANAJEMEN NYERI DENGAN KOMPRES DAN RELAKSASI GENGGAM JARI TERHADAP NYERI SAAT PERSALINAN KALA I FASE AKTIF (Studi Kasus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kertosono Kabupaten Nganjuk Tahun 2019)
Authors: Sugianti Tuning
Published: April 2020

Nyeri persalinan merupakan suatu proses fisiologis yang luar biasa danintensitas nyeri yang dirasakan sangat berbeda – beda. Bahkan pada ibu yang sama pun derajat nyeri yang dirasakan pada setiap persalinan atau kala persalinan tidak serupa. Nyeri pada proses persalinan diakibatkan karena peregangan dan robekan selama kontraksi serviks. Saat ini banyak sekali cara yang digunakan dalam menghilangkan nyeri persalinan. Cara tersebut melalui menajemen pengurangn rasa nyeri yaitu dengan metode farmakologis dan non farmakologis. Penanganan nyeri secara non farmakologis antara lain adalah relaksasi, teknik pemusatan fikiran dan imajinasi, teknik pernafasan, hidro terapi masase atau sentuhan terapeutik, hipnosis, akupunctur, relaksasi genggam jari dan lain – lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan pengaruh pemberian kompres dan relaksasi genggam jari terhadap nyeri saat persalinan kala I fase aktif.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan meotde penelitian quasy-experimental (experimen semu) rancangan Non-Equivalen Group Desain. Desain ini hampir mirip dengan pretest-postest control group desain. Populasi adalah seluruh ibu bersalin di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kertosono Kabupaten Nganjuk Tahun 2019. Cara pengambilan sampel dengan consecutif sampling, sampel penelitian ini dilakukan pada 30 responden yang terdiri dari kelompok kontrol, kelompok perlakuan I dan kelompok perlakuan II. Analisis data dengan menggunakan uji wilcoxon signed rank test.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan bermakna intensitas skala nyeri sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Intensitas skala nyeri pada kelompok kontrol, kelompok perlakuan I dan kelompok perlakuan II sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dengan uji statistik kruskal wallis test diperoleh nilai p = 0,034 lebih kecil dari 0,05, artinya ada perbedaan intensitas skala nyeri sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi, namun yang mengalami penurunan intensitas nyeri bermakna yaitu pada kelompok perlakuan I yaitu sebesar 0,004.

Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa pemberian kompres hangat, kompres dingin dan relaksasi genggam jari terbukti lebih efektif terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri saat persalinan kala I fase aktif dibandingkan yang hanya diberikan kompres saja. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, pada ibu bersalin disarankan untuk diberikan kompres dan relaksasi genggam jari  dengan bantuan keluarga atau bidan.
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps based Mathematical Model for Prediction of Parkinson Disease
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Education in Science and Mathematics, Regional Institute of Education, Bhopal (M.P.), India., Shukla* Dhirendra Kumar , Sharma Manoj ,   Professor& Head, Department of Applied Sciences, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal (M.P.), India.
Published: April 2020

This note explains about “Parkinson Disease which may be a long-term disorder of the central nervous system”. The research paper focuses on analysis of symptoms of “Parkinson Disease” to predict the disease in early stage. Concept of FCMs was used to interpret the diagnostic symptoms of “Parkinson Disease”. The target is to draw connection between the symptoms and provide likely explanation.
Measuring Success of Heterogeneous Ensemble Filter Feature Selection Models
Authors:   Faculty, Computer science and information technology, University of Science and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan., Noureldien Noureldien A. , Mohammed Einas A. ,   Master degree in Computer science at University of Science and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan.
Published: April 2020

One problem in utilizing ensemble feature selection models is machine learning is the fact that there is no guarantee that an ensemble model will improve machine learning classification performance. This implies that different ensemble models have different success probability, i.e. have different probability in improving the performance of machine learning. This paper introduces the concept of success probability for heterogeneous ensemble models and stated the definitions, notations, and algorithms necessary to the mathematical formulation and computation of the success probability. To show how the theory applied, we create an ensemble filter feature selection model that uses four filter feature selection algorithms (Correlation, Gain Ratio, Info Gain, and One R) as base filters and the Max as a combination method. The experimental results showed that the success probability of the developed ensemble filter model using a set of 9 machine learning algorithms is found to be 0.58.
Effect of Sisal Nanoparticles on Single Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine Combustion
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centurion University of Technology & Management, Andhra Pradesh,India., Manohar* Dr. G. Arun , Dontikurti Raghuveer ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Institute of Technology & Management, Tekkali, India., Priya G. Indu ,   Assistant Professor, Centurion University of Technology & Management, Andhra Pradesh ,India., Rao Dr. D. Nageswara ,   Ex-Vice Chancellor, Centurion University of Technology & Management, Odisha, India.
Published: April 2020

Turbulence is an important parameter to be considered for effective combustion inside a cylinder. Heat transfer inside the cylinder affects the combustion process. Insufficient turbulence leads to incomplete combustion, resulting in pollution. Effective flame propagation leads to higher combustion rates in SI engines which in turn requires enough turbulence. Effective combustion efficiency can be achieved through higher flame propagation velocities. In the present work an attempt has been made to enhance the turbulence inside the cylinder of a single cylinder spark ignition engine by injecting solid nanoparticles into the air fuel mixture.
Geopolymer Concrete by using Fly Ash, GGBS, Quarry Dust and 10mm Aggregate
Authors:   Ph.D Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr.M.G.R Educational and Research Institute Maduravoyal, Chennai -600095, Tamilnadu, India., Jayarajan G. , Arivalagan Dr. S. ,   Professor and Dean, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr.M.G.R Educational and Research Institute University, Maduravoyal, Chennai-600095, India.
Published: April 2020

Geopolymer concrete is a type of concrete which is produced by reacting with a caustic activator to aluminum and silicate bearing material. Materials such as fly ash or iron and metal slag are commonly used, which helps to create a cleaner environment. Consistently 87 to 100 million tons of flyash are created from India's coal-based thermal power stations, and force is that way into a country's success and improvement. In India, power generation spends 70% of the nation's coal generation along these lines and produces 100 million tons of debris per year. The flyash is expected to stretch by 2012 to at least 175 million tonnes per annum. Now, having seen that debris is such a useful and valuable material that it is often used for a tremendous number of uses such as construction segments, concrete, dike development, raising, dykes, agribusiness and mine filling material. It’s effectively acknowledged for scale usage as opposed to arranging at high dealing with costs. This content arrangement with geopolymer concrete to supply the geo-polymer concrete is completely supply with flyash and Ground granulated slag. Fine aggregate is replaced with powdered quarry and M.Sand. Coarse Aggregate (20 mm) is replaced with 10 mm Aggregate Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2Sio3) game plans are commonly used for polymerization. The use of fly-debris and GGBS help in diminishing the contamination by dispensing with carbon-dioxide and carbon monoxide gas which is created in assembling of concrete. This paper uses fly ash, GGBS, quarry dust and 10 mm aggregate with alkaline solution to analyze geopolymer concrete.
Design of Sliding Mode Controlled Bi-directional DC-DC Current Source Resonant Converter for an Inductive Contactless Battery Charging Application
Authors:   Research Scholar, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, & Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Jeppiaar Institute of Technology, Chennai, India., Pattathurani* L. , Dash Dr. Subhransu Sekhar ,   Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Odisha, India., Dwibedi Mr. Rajat Kumar ,   Assistant Professor (G-II), Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation Chennai, India.
Published: April 2020

The practical use of current source DC-DC resonant converters has an outstanding performance in terms of its robust and fast performance. In this paper, the non-linear behavior during the battery charging application is solved using an adaptive Sliding Mode Control (SMC) technique. The SMC has a robust feature in fast transient responses over large load disturbances. The proposed converter uses Contactless Energy Transfer (CET) system that provides a suitable reactive power compensation for the design. The winding parameters of the inductance are mathematically modeled with low coupling factor to remove the voltage and current harmonics. The designed converter is subjected to input side perturbation for a non-linear disturbance and the output obtained using the Sliding Mode Controller is analysed. The non-linearity at the output voltage is reduced when using the SMC. The controller design show the setting time of the DC voltage under such disturbance is reduced to 97%. The proposed system is mathematically modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The prototype model is designed and the results are analyzed.
Research trends in Hand Gesture Recognition techniques
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, R. V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India., Srividya M S , R Dr. Anala M ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, R. V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India.
Published: April 2020

Over years’ key board and mouse are among the most effective input devices to the computers. Not much improvement has happened for other modes of inputs like voice and gestures. These kinds of inputs explore the limitations caused by the key board and mouse, which needs actual physical contact. With gestures and voice the physical proximity can be little relaxed and can be used by specially-abled people. Exploring effective Human Computer Interactions (HCI) has always been of great interest for development of new techniques and methods. Gestures are considered as more easy, natural, and intuitive method for communicating with systems. Hand recognition and analysis forms the core of these systems. This paper provides comparative study on state of art technologies that work in this area. The different representation, detection and recognition techniques are discussed. The strength and challenges of different techniques are highlighted. The main aim of this research is to summarize the research progress done till date with different technologies for gesture recognition algorithms, identify areas which need further research.
A CSRR DGS Loaded Dual-Frequency Microstrip Antenna in Ground Plane for Application in PCS and WLAN Communication System
Authors:   School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, INDIA, Panda* Jyoti Ranjan , Dash Sandeep Kumar ,   School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, INDIA., Mishra Satya Narayan ,   School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, INDIA, Kar Sambit Prasad ,   School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, INDIA
Published: April 2020

In this paper, a rectangular microstrip antenna which is inset-fed by the microstrip line with a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) defected ground structure (DGS) cell in the ground plane just below the microstrip line (substrate present in between) for the dual frequency operation at 1.92 GHz and 5.22 GHz is presented, which are the operation bands of personal communication system (PCS) and wireless local area network (WLAN) respectively. The fundamental mode TM10 and one strongly activated higher order mode are excited which are responsible for the dual-band operation. Smaller broadside radiation and same polarization planes are the characteristics of these modes.
An Integrated Strategy for Data Mining Based on Identifying Important and Contradicting Variables for Breast Cancer Recurrence Research
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Techno Engineering College Banipur, (W.B.) India., Chaudhuri* Avijit Kumar , Sinha Deepankar ,   PhD, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, Bhattacharya Kousik ,   Assistant Registrar(Exam.) DDE, Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkata, West Bengal, Das Anirban ,   Professor, Department Computer Science & Engineering, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata.
Published: April 2020

Cancer leads to most deaths worldwide, and breast cancer isa leading disease that causes death among women. This disease is unique in the way that once treated, can recur in some cases. Individuals are unable to identify their condition before it becomes dangerous. Extracting significant predictive features of breast cancer is an important and risky job for further study. Researchers have applied data mining techniques in medical science. Several authors suggest that a single method doesn't resolve issues in diagnosing problems, and a hybrid model is desirable. In this paper, the authors propose an integrated approachto avoid Type 1 and 2 errors in predicting recurrence. They identify important and contradicting variables and consider them for inclusion and exclusion, respectively, to revise the dataset. The evaluation of findings of crucial methods, using original and revised datasets, widens the choice of identifying the technique with higher accuracy. The results show that the accuracy improves with the selection of variables restricted to the ones identified as relatively significant, and the dataset revised after elimination of contradicting variables.
EFFECT OF PLANT SPACINGS ON GROWTH YIELD AND LINT QUALITY OF FIVE COTTON CULTIVARS
Authors: & Askar Al-Naqeeb
Published: April 2020

A Field experiment was conducted at the experimental field ,Department of field Crop ,College of Agriculture /University of Baghdad during summer season 2014.In order to study the effect of plant spacings on growth yield and lint qualities. The study included two factors, the first was varieties (Coker 310 , Marsum 1, Lashata , Ashur and Abu Ghraib 5 ) as whole plots , The second factor was spacing between plants with three level (20 , 25 and 30) cm as sub plots, Using complete randomized block design under split plots with four replications. The results showed significant differences between varieties in most  studied characteristic. Coker 310 gave highest average for seed cotton yield and lint cotton yield, 1457.00 and 439.13 kg ha-1 due to gave highest average in number of open bolls 8.93 boll plant-1as well as gave best average of lint length 27.98 mm, lint strength 21.54 gm tex-1. Ashur var. gave lowest average of seed cotton yield and lint cotton yield, 1120.32 and 370.64 kg ha-1 respectively, lint length 27.40 mm, Micronaire 3.29 and lint strength 19.68 gm tex-1. The Abu –Ghraibs var. gave best average after Coker 310 var. for all   characterise comparing with the other varieties. It was superior  of seed cotton yield and lint yield. Varieties  planted on 20 cm distance between hill gave significantly superior in the average  boll weight, 3.63 gm ,seed cotton yield, 1364.85 kg ha-1 ,lint yield, 432.13 kg ha-1, While The varieties  plants on 30 cm distance was significantly superior in plant height, 146.15 cm, Sympodial  number(15.21) plant-1,  and number of open boll ( 8.99 boll plant-1).It can be recommended to cultivate coker310 with 30 cm distance to get the best result.
EFFECT OF INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT ON FIBER QUALITY CHARACTERS OF SOME COTTON CULTIVARS
Authors: & Hammood Al-Chalabi
Published: April 2020

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental field, Department of Field Crop Science - College of  Agriculture Abu-Ghraib- University of Baghdad, during summer season at 2012 and 2013, to determine the extent of the impact of Integrated Weed Management (IWM) By reducing herbicide use and re-distribution of plants as reflected on fiber quality characters of some cotton cultivars . A randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged according to split-plot was used with three replicates , included six weed control treatments as Main-plots where as Sub-plots included eight cotton cultivars. The results showed that treatments of weedfree achieved highest lint length, lint strength , lint fineness . The treatment of weedfree with normal crop density of 106667 plant.h-1 achieved highest lint length of 27.62 , 28.15 mm , lint strength of 19.00 , 19.09 g.Tex-1 , and lint fineness of 3.04 , 3.19 micronaire, at both seasons respectively, where as the treatment of weedfree with high crop density of 200000 plant.h-1  achieved lint length of  26.96 , 27.47 mm , lint strength of 18.12 , 18.32 g.Tex-1 , and lint fineness of  2.50 , 2.94 micronaire, at both seasons respectively, treatment of trifluralin with recommended rate of 2.4 L.h-1 applied with normal crop density of 106667 plant.h-1 achieved lint length of  26.70 , 27.24 mm , lint strength of 18.04 , 18.25 g.Tex-1 , and lint fineness of  2.79 , 2.94 micronaire at both seasons and these values were approaches to that values achieved by the treatment of half rate of trifluraline 1.2 L.h-1 applied with high crop density of 200000 plant.h-1  which achieved lint length of  26.36 , 26.78 mm, lint strength of 17.50 , 17.65 g.Tex-1 , and lint fineness of 2.67 , 2.81 micronaire respectively at both seasons. Different cotton cultivars showed various fiber quality characters , however Ashur-1 cultivar in weedy treatment with high crop density of 200000 plant.h-1 gave highest rates of  lint length, lint strength, and lint fineness, reflect competition ability of this cultivar to a companion weeds in this treatment . Similarity  and achieved high means of fiber characters in the treatment of half recommended rate of trifluralin  1.2 L.h -1 with high crop density of 200000 plant.h-1 confirmed  the integrated  effect of the cultivars , herbicide , and crop density for improve fiber characters and these variables may consider as important factors for integrated weed management  in  cotton  crop .
RESPONS OF GROWTH ANALYSIS PARAMTERS OF SOME COTTON CULTIVARS TO INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT
Authors: & Hammood Al-Chalabi
Published: April 2020

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental field, Department of Field Crop - College of  Agriculture Abu-Ghraib- University of Baghdad, during summer season at 2012 and 2013, to determine the response of  growth analysis parameters in some cotton cultivars to Integrated Weed Management. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged according to split-plot was used with three replicates, included six weed control treatments as Main-plots where as Sub-plots included eight cotton cultivars. The results showed various to response of  growth analysis parameters to weed control treatments , the treatment of weedfree with normal crop density of 106667 plant.h-1 and high crop density of 200000 plant.h-1 during 70 -90 days after sowing achieved highest crop growth rate of 10.80 , 9.87 g.m-2.day-1 at first season respectively and 9.81, 9.35 g.m-2.day-1 at second season respectively, and highest net assimilation rate of 1.668 , 1.208 mg.cm-2.day-1 at first season respectively, and 1.504 , 1.004 mg.cm-2. day-1 at second season respectively, highest relative growth rate of  50.48 , 48.52 mg.g-1. day-1 at first season respectively, and 38.49 , 37.78 mg.g-1.day-1 at second  season respectively , Has cultivar in first season and Marsomi-1 cultivar in second season achieved  highest crop growth rate of 9.62 , 9.03 g.m-2.day-1 respectively, highest net assimilation rate of 1.399 ,1.188 mg.cm-2.day-1 respectively, Abu-Ghraib5 cultivar achieved highest relative growth rate of  57.19 , 44.66 mg.g-1.day-1 at both season respectively. The treatment of half rate of trifluraline 1.2 L.h-1 applied with high crop density with Has cultivar achieved  highest crop growth rate of  9.29 g.m-2.day-1 at first season, and with Marsomi-1 cultivar of  9.92 g.m-2. day-1 at second season, and highest net assimilation rate with Has cultivar of 1.163 , 1.040 mg.cm-2. day-1  at both season respectively, highest relative growth rate with Cocker 310 cultivar of  36.17 , 39.14 mg.g-1.day-1  at both season respectively, this results confirmed the integrated among cultivars, herbicides, and high crop density to improve this characters .
EFFECT OF BAT GUANO ON SOME GROWTH ASPECTS OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: & Al- mehemdi Al- isawi
Published: April 2020

Pot experiment was carried out at a greenhouse belongs to College of Education-University of Alanbar during winter season of 2013/2014 to investigate the effect of application of different levels of bat guano 0, 4 and 8 gm on some growth traits for two bread wheat triticum aestivum L. Cvs, one is local cv. (Aliz) another one is imported from Australia (Eratom). The experimental treatments were distributed under with factorial experiment arrangement 23 and 43.30 gm and root dry weight of 7.29 and 7.53, for each combination, respectively. It thus could be concluded that the application of bat guano at 8gm alone was the better than 4gm in some traits. However, the genetic affinity of local cv was dominated with 4gm application and of imported cv was to 8gm application. Some traits were measured as plant height, leaf area, leaf nos., tillers nos., root length, vegetative dry weight and root dry weight. Results revealed that bat guano application of 8gm was significantly superior in average of leaf nos of 33 leaves. Plant-1, tiller nos of (5.5 tillers. Plant-1) root length of 10.5 cm and vegetative dry weight of 40.27 gm. Local cv also significantly gave the highest average of leaf nos 29 leaves. Plant-1, root length 10.0 cm and vegetative dry weight 37.31 gm. Furthermore, the interaction combinations of 4gm with local cv and 8gm with imported one were superior in average leaf nos of 38 and 28 leaves. Plant-1, tiller nos of 7 and 5 tillers. Plant-1, root length of 11 and 10 cm, vegetative dry weight of 40.
IMPORTANCE OF KINETIN FOR SOME GROWTH CHARACTERS OF Zea mays L. UNDER WATER STRESS CONDITION
Authors: & Ahmed Mohammed
Published: April 2020

A field experiment was conducted during two seasons Spring and Autums 2014 at the expermeatal field of Field crop Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad to study the importance of Kinetin for some traits of Zea mays L. under water stress condition , by using randomized complete Block Design in the arrangement of a split-plot with three replications . Skipping irrigation elongation T2, emergence of aers T3, 10% flowering feminization T4, milk stage T5, and dough stage T6 . All these treatments were irrigated when 85% of the available water was depleted with control treatment T1 which was irrigated when 50% of the available water was depleted , were assigned as a main plots while the Kinetin spray in the six and ten leaves stages K1,K2 in addition to without spray K0 treatment were assigned as a sub-plots. The results showed that Skipping irrigation at Elongation,  and 10% flowering feminization led to lower average plant height, leaf area , leaf area indx , Dry matter yield , growth rate and the dry weight of the root. The plant spray with Kinetin at ten leaves stage gave the highest average  of  plant height(160.8 , 157.09 cm) , leaf  area (5783 , 5872 cm2) , leaf area index (4.13 , 4.19 ) , plant dry weight (186.26 , 196.05  gm.plant-1) , crop growth rate (16.83 , 20.89  (gm.m2)-1.day-1) and root dry weight (26.14 , 26.77 gm.plant-1)  for both season respectively . Therefor we recomned the necessity to irrigate in the following stages Elongation, emergence of Areanas,  and specialy 10% flowering feminization , in addition to possibility of spray Zea mays plant with kinetin to improre tolerate of water stress.
EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND MAGNETIZED WATER IN GROWTH AND YIELD OF MEDICAL PUMPKIN FROM FIXED OIL AND ITS COMPONENTS
Authors: & et al. Almrani
Published: April 2020

A field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Field of Hort. Dept/ College of  Agric .Abu-Ghraib/University of Baghdad during the  spring growth season and autumn of 2013, to study  effect organic fertilizer and magnetized water  on Growth and production of medicinal pumpkin from fixed oil and its components, the experiment included two factors, First was irrigation with normal water(A1), irrigation with magnetized water 500 gauss(A2) and the second factor included six levels of fertilizers are: control (without fertilization) (F1), chemical fertilization (Recommended) (F2) ,fertilization with mushrooms waste 5%(F3), 7.5% (F4), fertilization with poultry manure 5% (F5), 7.5% (F6). The experiment was implemented within Nested design and three replications for spring season (open field) and autumn season (green house). The results showed that the significant increase in plant height at treatments F6 and F4 with A2 in the open field and with A1 in green house (365.1, 312.3, 597.9, 504.9 cm respectively). Reached   highest number of branches and dry weight at treatment F6 with A2, leaf area with A1 of  open field, (3.2 branch .plant-1 , 113 dsm2 152.1 g respectively) and the highest increase in the leaf area and dry weight at treatment F4 with A1 of  green house (498.5 dsm2 , 273.5 g respectively). Highest yield of  the fruits was at treatment F2 with A1 and F6 with A2  in open field(40.0, 33.5 ton .h-1 respectively) and treatment F5 with A1in green house (29.7 ton .h-1). Happened  highest yield of seeds at treatment F6 and F4 with A1  in open field(240.4, 231.8 kg .h-1 respectively) and at treatment  F2 with A1 in green house (401.2 kg .h-1) also a higher yield of oil at  F4 and F6 with A1  in open field(58.1, 55.8 kg.h-1 respectively) and  at treatments F5, F4 with A1 in green house (142.1, 139.7 kg.h-1 respectively) Reached highest percentage of oleic  acid at F1 with A2  in green house (17.0%) while reached  higher percentage of linoleic acid at treatment F4 , F2 with A1 (68.3, 68.1% respectively) and the higher percentage of phytosterols at treatments F3 with A2 in open field (1.9%) and the treatment of F1 with A2 in green house (2.3%).
EFFECT OF NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER SOURCES AND ANTI-TRANSPIRATION IN THE ROOT OF POTATO PLANT AND CONTENT OF THE CONCENTRATION OF NITRATE AND CYTOKININE AND PROLINE
Authors: & et al. Mageed
Published: April 2020

This study was conducted in experimental field, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture –University of Baghdad, Abo Graib for two spring seasons 2011, 2012 potatoes yield. This study  was included the effect of using of three type from nitrogen fertilizer, as well as to  comparison procedure ( Zero) Her code N0,N1,N2,N3 , and two anti- transpiration  , as well as to comparison procedure ( Zero) Her code AS0,AS1,AS2. This study was made by using the activity experiences (4*3) within   the design RCBD with three repeated. The most important results can be summarized Palate: The procedure N3AS2   have increased nitrogen rate in the roots as moral for two season as (561.6%, and 76.3 %) continuously in the first season. but the rate of prolin in the roots have marked in the procedure N3AS1in the first seasons and the procedure N3AS0 in the two seasons of study as (1.60, and 1.80 Micro. gm. /gm.)  Continuously. It excelled treatment N3AS2 in concentration by giving them cytokeinin As for the recipe dry root weight observed treatment N3AS1 moral superiority to the rest of the transaction by giving 4.06 g in the first season while the transaction marked N1AS1 moral superiority to the rest of the transaction in the second season by giving 8.78 g.
RESPONSE OF TWO CABBAGE HYBRID TO SPRAYING WITH VEGEAMINO AND ALGATON 20 AND COVERED WITH AGRAL UNDER SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE SYSTEM
Authors: & et al. Sadik
Published: April 2020

Sustainable agriculture was adopted in field experiment in horticulture vegetable field during fall season 2013-2014, to study the effect of spraying nutrients and agral on cabbage hybrid yield, Split –split plot experimental as RCBD design with three replicates at 10 plants for each treatment was adopted, Tropicana and Redball (A and B) transplants (main plot) at 45 day age tranplanted to open field at 25/9/2013 plants, Vegeamino (T2) and Algaton 20 (T3) spraying with 1ml L-1 three times for two week intervals for each of them while control plants (T1) spraying with distilled water (sub plot), plants covered (sub-sub plot) with agral C1 control plant (C0) (without agral), Results showed that was B hybrid, BT1, BC0 and T1C0 increased cabbage head leaves, BT1C0 increased head leaves at 43.33 leaf head-1, Leaf area was higher in A hybrid than B hybrid, B hybrid increased total plant leaves than A hybrid, also increased in BT1, BC0 and BT1C0 as compared with lowest number in AT1, AC1 and AT1 treatments, A hybrid increased cabbage head weight and total yield, higher head weight and total yield was 1375 gm and 10.74ton ha-1 in AT3 treatment as compared with 535 gm and 4.18 ton ha-1 respectively, AC0 increased head weight and total yield at 1350gm and 10.55ton ha-1 respectively, higher head weight and total yield was 1567gm and 12.24ton ha-1 in AT3C0 respectively, it was concluded from these results that spraying Tropicana hybrid plants with Algaton 20 with or without agral  enhanced most yield and significantly increased most studying characters.
TEMPORAL CHANGES OF LAND SUITABILITY DATA FOR WHEAT CULTIVATION IN IRRIGATED REGIONS- MIDDLE OF IRAQ
Authors: & et al. MUHAIMEED
Published: April 2020

Al shehemia project in Wasit Governorate was selected to represent the Irrigated area in middle Iraq to study the temporal change in land suitability for wheat cultivation. Soils of the study area consist mainly, of ntisols and Aridisols soil orders .Historical Soil data were  collected from previous  works  done in 1972 . and some soil propertic were reavoluoted at 2014. Soil and climate were evaluated for wheat cultivation according to Sys ,et al system (1993) and FAO, (1976) which developed by the Italian institute in  2012. The results showed that most of soil units are highly suitable for wheat growing with class S1 and consists about %85.34 from the total area, and %10.90 for N1and N2 classes. Land suitability for wheat cultivation increased to 92.37% for class S1 in 2014 due to the decrease in soil salinity. The results indicated that all soil units are affected by low organic carbon and this was affected on Suitability degree. The results   indicated that suitability improved from 1972 to 2014 due to the decrease in soil salinity content resulted from praper management techniques that helped to leached the salts from the soils. The results showed that climate suitability for Wheat was highly Suitable (S1) for growing wheat in the study area during study period.