bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composite Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Optimized Wavelet Packet AR Spectrum Energy Entropy Combined with Adaptive No Velocity Term PSO‐SOM‐BPNN
Authors: Fan Hongwei , Yan Yang , Zhang Xuhui , Cao Xiangang , Ma Jiateng
Published: November 2021

Aiming at the problem of low diagnosis efficiency and accuracy, due to noise and cross aliasing among various faults when diagnosing composite faults of rolling bearing under actual working conditions, a composite fault diagnosis method of rolling bearing based on optimized wavelet packet autoregressive (AR) spectral energy entropy and adaptive no velocity term particle swarm optimization‐self organizing map‐back propagation neural network (ANVTPSO‐SOM‐BPNN) is proposed. The energy entropy feature is extracted from the bearing vibration signal through wavelet packet AR spectrum, and SOM and BPNN are combined to form a series network. For PSO, the velocity term is discarded and the inertia weight and learning factor are adaptively adjusted. Finally, the Dempster‐Shafer (D‐S) evidence fusion diagnosis is carried out. To get closer to the application condition, the data are collected near and far away from the fault point for the composite fault diagnosis, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Cholinergic Elicitation Prevents Ventricular Remodeling via Alleviations of Myocardial Mitochondrial Injury Linked to Inflammation in Ischemia-Induced Chronic Heart Failure Rats
Authors: Zhao Yang , Sun Huaxin , Li Kai , Shang Luxiang , Liang Xiaoyan , Yang Hang , Dong Zhenyu , Xiaokereti Jiasuoer , Shang Shuai , Zhou Qina , Zhou Xianhui , Zhang Ling , Lu Yanmei , Tang Baopeng
Published: November 2021

Background. Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) is implicated in cardioprotection in chronic heart failure (CHF) by downregulating inflammation response. Mitochondrial injuries play an important role in ventricular remodeling of the CHF process. Herein, we aim to investigate whether CAP elicitation prevents ventricular remodeling in CHF by protecting myocardial mitochondrial injuries and its underlying mechanisms. Methods and Results. CHF models were established by ligation of anterior descending artery for 5 weeks. Postoperative survival rats were assigned into 5 groups: the sham group (sham,

n
=
10

), CHF group (CHF,

n
=
11

), Vag group (CHF+vagotomy,

n
=
10

), PNU group (CHF+PNU-282987 for 4 weeks,

n
=
11

), and Vag+PNU group (CHF+vagotomy+PNU-282987 for 4 weeks,

n
=
10

). The antiventricular remodeling effect of cholinergic elicitation was evaluated in vivo, and H9C2 cells were selected for the TNF-α gradient stimulation experiment in vitro. In vivo, CAP agitated by PNU-282987 alleviated the left ventricular dysfunction and inhibited the energy metabolism remodeling. Further, cholinergic elicitation increased myocardium ATP levels and reduced systemic inflammation. CAP induction alleviates macrophage infiltration and cardiac fibrosis, of which the effect is counteracted by vagotomy. Myocardial mitochondrial injuries were ameliorated by CAP activation, including the reserved ultrastructural integrity, declining ROS overload, reduced myocardial apoptosis, and enhanced mitochondrial fusion. In vitro, TNF-α intervention significantly exacerbated the mitochondrial damage in H9C2 cells. Conclusion. CAP elicitation effectively improves ischemic ventricular remodeling by suppressing systemic and cardiac inflammatory response, attenuating cardiac fibrosis and potentially alleviating the mitochondrial dysfunction linked to hyperinflammation reaction.
Recurrent Solitary Fibrous Tumor in Intradural Extramedullary Space: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Dincer Neris , Bagci Melisa , Figen Metin , Yilmaz Adem , Halefoglu Ahmet Mesrur , Tanik Canan , Uzel Esengul Kocak
Published: November 2021

Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC) is a rare neoplasm arising from spindle cells and most commonly arising from pleura. Spinal SFT/HPC is a rare entity; hence, it is not on the top of the differential diagnosis list when a clinician faces a spinal lesion. In the review of the literature, there exist less than 50 case reports of intradural extramedullary SFT/HPC. Here, we present a 54-year-old female patient who underwent subtotal surgical excision of an intradural extramedullary spinal mass pathologically reported to be SFT/HPC and had symptomatic recurrence in the 3rd year of follow-up. Surgical intervention was unachievable and the patient was given 45 Gy to the surgical cavity followed by a 5.4 Gy boost to visible tumor with external radiotherapy. Patient reported significant relief of her symptoms. We aim to contribute to the formation of a treatment algorithm for this rare entity.
An Algorithm for Improving Email Security on the Android Operating System in the Industry 4.0 Era
Authors: Kisembo Isaac Moses , Ocen Gilbert Gilibrays , Bongomin Ocident , Alunyu Andrew Egwar , Nibikora Ildephonse , Matovu Davis , Bwire Felix
Published: November 2021

The world is attesting a tremendous change today, which is remarkably coined as industry 4.0. With several technologies shaping industry 4.0 epoch, notably, its cybersecurity entails the security of communication and network operations activities. The most common form of communication in organisations and business today is electronic mails (email). One of the major threats to email communication is the lack of confidentiality for emails accessed via Android mobile devices due to the weaknesses of the Android operating system (OS) platform. In this study, an algorithm was designed and implemented on an Android application that allows an email sender to compose an email and set the time the email stays in the receiver inbox before it automatically wipes off. Primary data were collected from email users using tightly structured questionnaires and respondents comprised of those with email technical background and typical email users, while secondary data from scholarly journals and articles informed the study design. The designed algorithm was tested and evaluated through expert opinion. The result of the study indicates that the autowipe algorithm addresses the confidentiality issues and threats on Android email clients.
Design of a Flexible Exhibition Management Information System for Exhibition Services
Authors: Hu Bin , Shi Weida
Published: November 2021

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency of management information systems and low utilization rate of the information resources, this research paper proposes the designs of an exhibition management information system by using a B/S structure (Browser/Server mode). The proposed system is aimed at the analysis of functions and types of exhibitions. The system is comprised of the following three components: the browser-side, server-side, and middle layer. Among them, the browser includes a user management module and exhibition environment visualization module. The server includes an upper computer control module and human-computer interaction module. The middle layer includes the data resource management module, document information management module, exhibition project audit approval and management module, and information scheduling module. Experimental results show that the lowest management efficiency of the system is 96.19%, the highest can reach 98.39%, and the utilization rate of information resources is above 94%, indicating that the system has achieved the design expectation.
Effects of Output Quality and Result Demonstrability on the Perceived Usefulness of GPS Sports Watches from the Perspective of Industry 4.0
Authors: Yuan Ming-Zhu , Lin Jan-Wei , Yang Cheng-Chia , Wang I-Chi , Hsu Chin-Hsien
Published: November 2021

In the wave of Industry 4.0, GPS sports watches are redeveloping towards digitization and intelligence. Whether the information is correct and real-time, operation interfaces easy to use and the displayed information easy to understand have become issues that consumers and manufacturers emphasize. Thus, this study investigated the effects of output quality and result demonstrability on the perceived usefulness of GPS sports watches with participants of the 2020 Taiwan International Triathlons as the research subjects. In total, 280 respondents, who participated in the 2020 Taiwan International Triathlon, were selected by purposive sampling for a questionnaire survey. The statistical software SPSS was employed to file the data, and the statistical software of AMOS was adopted to analyze the correlation among variables. According to the results, (1) output quality has significantly positive effects on perceived usefulness; (2) result demonstrability has significantly positive effects on perceived usefulness; (3) perceived ease of use has significantly positive effects on perceived usefulness; (4) perceived ease of use has significantly positive effects on behavioral intention to use; and (5) perceived usefulness has significantly positive effects on behavioral intention to use.
A Novel Superabsorbent Polymer from Crosslinked Carboxymethyl Tragacanth Gum with Glutaraldehyde: Synthesis, Characterization, and Swelling Properties
Authors: Bachra Yahya , Grouli Ayoub , Damiri Fouad , Talbi Mohammed , Berrada Mohammed
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, current global environmental problems include measures to eliminate or reduce the negative impact of chemicals from petroleum sources and, therefore, the use of materials from natural resources is increasingly recommended. In this context, natural-based superabsorbent polymers derived from polypeptides and polysaccharides have undergone chemical and biochemical modifications to improve their ability to absorb and retain large amounts of liquids. In the present paper, a new process has been used to overcome the side effects of radical polymerization in the manufacture of conventional polyacrylate superabsorbents (SAPs). Tragacanth gum (TG) was selected to prepare a new superabsorbent material (CMTG-GA) based on carboxymethyl tragacanth (CMTG) crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA). The characterization of the polymer was carried out by FTIR, TGA, XRD, and SEM. The effect of the amount of crosslinking agent and the pH on the water absorption capacity was also examined. Subsequently, swelling studies were performed using free swelling capacity (FSC) and centrifuge retention capacity (CRC) techniques in distilled water, tap water, and saline solution. The results showed that the CRC of the new material is not less than 42.1 g/g, which was observed for a ratio of 20% by weight of GA to CMTG. Likewise, the maximum absorption results were 43.9 and 32.14 g/g, respectively, for FSC and CRC at pH 8.0. In addition, a comparison of the swelling capacities of the synthesized product with a commercial SAP extracted from a baby diaper, well known in the Moroccan market, showed that the performances were very similar.
Bionic Nonsmooth Drag Reduction Mathematical Model Construction and Subsoiling Verification
Authors: Wu Baoguang , Zhang Ruize , Hou Pengfei , Tong Jin , Zhou Deyi , Yu Haiye , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Jinsong , Xin Yuelin
Published: November 2021

In this study, a bionic nonsmooth drag-reducing surface design method was proposed; a mathematical model was developed to obtain the relationship between the altitude of the nonsmooth drag-reducing surface bulges and the spacing of two bulges, as well as the speed of movement, based on which two subsoiler shovel tips were designed and verified on field experiments. The mechanism of nonsmooth surface drag reduction in soil was analyzed, inspired by the efficient digging patterns of antlions. The nonsmooth surface morphology of the antlion was acquired by scanning electron microscopy, and a movement model of the nonsmooth surface in soil was developed, deriving that the altitude of the nonsmooth drag-reducing surface bulge is proportional to the square of the distance between two bulges and inversely proportional to the square of the movement speed. A flat subsoiler shovel tip and a curved tip were designed by applying this model, and the smooth subsoiler shovel tips and the pangolin scale bionic tips were used as controls, respectively. The effect of the model-designed subsoilers on drag reduction was verified by subsoiling experiments in the field. The results showed that the resistance of the model-designed curved subsoiler was the lowest, the resistance of the pangolin scale bionic subsoiler was moderate, and the resistance of the smooth surface subsoiler was the highest; the resistance of the curved subsoiler was less than the flat subsoilers; the resistance reduction rate of the model-designed curved subsoiler was 24.6% to 33.7% at different depths. The nonsmooth drag reduction model established in this study can be applied not only to the design of subsoilers but also to the design of nonsmooth drag reduction surfaces of other soil contacting parts.
Tripartite Evolutionary Game and Simulation Analysis of Coal Mining Safe Production Supervision under the Chinese Central Government’s Reward and Punishment Mechanism
Authors: Zhou Kui , Wang Qi , Tang Junnan
Published: November 2021

In recent years, although coal mine accidents in China have decreased, they still occur frequently. Most previous studies on the evolutionary game of safety mining are limited to a focus on system dynamics and two-party game problems and lack a spatial graphic analysis of strategy evolution. The parameters adopted are too few, and the influencing factors considered are too simple. The purpose of the paper is to introduce more parameters to study which will have an important impact on the strategy choices of participants and the evolution path of the strategy over time. We construct a tripartite evolutionary game model of coal mining enterprises, local governments, and central governments. As our method, a payment matrix of participants and replicated dynamic equations is established, and we also implement parameter simulation in MATLAB. In summary, we found that the reward and punishment mechanism plays an important role in safe coal mining. Specifically, (1) intensifying rewards and penalties for coal mining enterprises and local governments will help encourage coal mining enterprises to implement safe production measures and local governments to implement central government safety supervision policies. However, increased rewards will reduce central government’s willingness to adopt incentive strategies. (2) The central government’s reward for coal mining enterprises’ safe production must be greater than the increased cost of safe production to encourage enterprises to implement such production. Economic incentives for local governments must be greater than the benefits of rent-seeking; only then will local governments choose to strictly implement supervision policies. (3) Increasing sales revenue and rent-seeking costs of coal mining enterprises can also encourage them to implement safe production. Therefore, a well-designed reward and punishment mechanism will change the behaviour of coal enterprises and improve the probability of safe production. The research presented in this paper further works on improving safe coal mining production and designing reasonable reward and punishment mechanisms.
Prognostic and Immunological Significance of CXCR2 in Ovarian Cancer: A Promising Target for Survival Outcome and Immunotherapeutic Response Assessment
Authors: Ji Haizhou , Ren Mi , Liu Tongyu , Sun Yang
Published: November 2021

Objective. Uncovering genetic and immunologic tumor features is critical to gain insights into the mechanisms of immunotherapeutic response. Herein, this study observed the functions of CXCR2 in prognosis and immunology of ovarian cancer. Methods. Expression, prognostic significance, and genetic mutations of CXCR2 were analyzed in diverse cancer types based on TCGA and GTEx datasets. Associations of CXCR2 expression with immune checkpoints, neoantigens, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) were evaluated across pancancer. CXCR2-relevant genes were identified, and their biological functions were investigated in ovarian cancer. Through three algorithms (TIMER, quanTIseq, and xCell), we assessed the relationships of CXCR2 with immune cell infiltration in ovarian cancer. GSEA was adopted for inferring KEGG and hallmark pathways involved in CXCR2. Results. CXCR2 presented abnormal expression in tumors than paired normal tissues across pancancer. Higher expression of CXCR2 was found in ovarian cancer. Moreover, its expression was in relation to overall survival and progression including ovarian cancer. Prominent associations of CXCR2 with immune checkpoints, neoantigens, TMB, and MSI were observed in human cancers. Somatic mutations of CXCR2 frequently occurred across pancancer. Amplification was the main mutational type of CXCR2 in ovarian cancer. CXCR2-relevant genes were markedly enriched in immunity activation and carcinogenic pathways in ovarian cancer. Moreover, it participated in modulating immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer such as macrophage and immune response was prominently modulated by CXCR2. Conclusion. Collectively, CXCR2 acts as a promising prognostic and immunological biomarker as well as a novel immunotherapeutic target of ovarian cancer.
Construction of Generalized k-Bessel–Maitland Function with Its Certain Properties
Authors: Khan Waseem Ahmad , Aydi Hassen , Ali Musharraf , Ghayasuddin Mohd , Younis Jihad
Published: November 2021

The main motive of this study is to present a new class of a generalized

k

-Bessel–Maitland function by utilizing the

k

-gamma function and Pochhammer

k

-symbol. By this approach, we deduce a few analytical properties as usual differentiations and integral transforms (likewise, Laplace transform, Whittaker transform, beta transform, and so forth) for our presented

k

-Bessel–Maitland function. Also, the

k

-fractional integration and

k

-fractional differentiation of abovementioned

k

-Bessel–Maitland functions are also pointed out systematically.
The Study of Mean-Variance Risky Asset Management with State-Dependent Risk Aversion under Regime Switching Market
Authors: Li Shuang , Yang Yu , Zhou Yanli , Wu Yonghong , Ge Xiangyu
Published: November 2021

How do investors require a distribution of the wealth among multiple risky assets while facing the risk of the uncontrollable payment for random liabilities? To cope with this problem, firstly, this paper explores the approach of asset-liability management under the state-dependent risk aversion with only risky assets, which has been considered under a continuous-time Markov regime-switching setting. Next, based on this realistic modelling, an extended Hamilton-Jacob-Bellman (HJB) system has been necessarily established for solving the optimization problem of asset-liability management. It has been derived closed-form analytical expressions applied in the time-inconsistent investment with optimal control theory to see that happens to the optimal value of the function. Ultimately, numerical examples presented with comparisons of the analytical results under different market conditions are exposed to analyse numerically the developed mean variance asset liability management strategy. We find that our proposed model can explain the financial phenomena more effectively and accurately.
Xe Ion Irradiation-Induced Microstructural Evolution and Hardening Effect of Nickel-Base Superalloy
Authors: Hou Yu , Li DeHui , Lu YanLing , Huang HeFei , Yang WeiGuo , Liu RenDuo
Published: November 2021

The nickel-base superalloy Hastelloy N was irradiated using 1 MeV Xe20+ and 7 MeV Xe26+ ions with displacement damage ranging from 0.5 dPa to 10 dPa at room temperature (RT). The irradiated Ni-based superalloy was characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), XRD, and nanoindenter to determine the changes in microstructural evolution and nanoindentation hardness. The TEM results showed that ion irradiation induced a large number of defects such as black spots and corrugated structures and the second phase was rapidly amorphized after being irradiated to a fluence of 0.5 dPa. The XRD results showed that the Hastelloy N alloy sample did not undergo lattice distortion after ion irradiation. An obvious irradiation hardening phenomenon was observed in this study, and the hardness increased with Xe ion fluence. The pinning effect in which the defects can become obstacles to the free movement of dislocation may be responsible for the irradiation-induced hardening.
RIPK1 Coordinates Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Survival by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis via p53
Authors: Tian Qing , Cao Chen , Qiu Weijian , Wu Han , Zhou Lijun , Dai Zhipeng , Li Zhenwei , Chen Songfeng
Published: November 2021

Survival of mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow is essential for bone marrow microenvironment homeostasis, but the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. RIPK1 has emerged as a critical molecule of programmed cell death in tissue homeostasis. However, little is known about the regulation of RIPK1 on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we have investigated for the first time the role of RIPK1 in bone marrow MSCs. We have found that RIPK1 knockdown suppressed proliferation, differentiation, and migration in bone marrow MSCs. Furthermore, RIPK1 knockdown resulted in the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and mtDNA damage, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, and consequently induced apoptosis and necroptosis in bone marrow MSCs. Moreover, we identified that the p53-PUMA axis pathway was involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in RIPK1-deficient bone marrow MSCs. Together, our findings highlighted that RIPK1 was indispensable for bone marrow MSC survival.
Effect of Dual Endothelin Receptor Antagonist on a Retinal Degeneration Animal Model by Regulating Choroidal Microvascular Morphology
Authors: Zhu Xiaowei , Lin Xuming , Xu Ying , Li Naiyang , Zhou Qing , Sun Xiaowei , Li Yuanbin
Published: November 2021

Objective. Clinical studies have found that increasing levels of plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) might inhibit choroidal blood flow (BF) and promote choroidal vasoconstriction. This study was designed to investigate ET-1 levels and its effect on choroidal microvascular morphology in a retinitis pigmentosa (RP) animal model. Methods. Mice with retinal degeneration (rd10) were intragastrically administered bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist. We detected plasma ET-1 levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit at P14, P21, and P28 and evaluated ET-1 expression in RPE/choroid/sclera complexes using western blot and whole mount immunofluorescence staining at P28. Retinal thickness was measured using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining at P28. At the same time, we also estimated choroidal microvascular densities using vascular luminal casting with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results. Plasma ET-1 levels were increased significantly in rd10 mice at P21 (65.48 ± 24.83 pg/ml) and P28 (85.89 ± 20.23 pg/ml) compared with C57BL/6J mice at P21 (33.52 ± 16.33 pg/ml) and P28 (42.38 ± 17.53 pg/ml); the expression of ET-1 was also upregulated in RPE/choroid/sclera complexes at P28. Bosentan inhibited ET-1 expression in plasma (

P
<
0.05

) and RPE/choroid/sclera complexes at P28 in rd10 mice. Choroidal microvascular densities were decreased in rd10 mice, and bosentan could weaken these changes. Conclusion. Plasma and local ET-1 was elevated in an animal model of RP, suggesting that it likely participates in the pathological progression of retinal degeneration and may thus provide a new intervention target. ET-1 blockade might exert its protective effect by elevating choroidal microvascular density via inhibition of ET-1.
Intelligent Retrieval Method of Approximate Painting in Digital Art Field
Authors: Wan Jixin , Xiaobo Yu
Published: November 2021

With the rapid development of Internet technology and the wide application of image acquisition equipment, the number of digital artwork images is exploding. The retrieval of near-similar artwork images has a wide application prospect for copyright infringement, trademark registration, and other scenes. However, compared with traditional images, these artwork images have the characteristics of high similarity and complexity, which lead to the retrieval accuracy not meeting the demand. To solve the above problems, an intelligent retrieval method of artwork image based on wavelet transform and dual propagation neural network (WTCPN) is proposed. Firstly, the original artwork image is replaced by the low-frequency subimage after wavelet transform, which not only removes redundant information and reduces the dimension of data but also suppresses random noise. Secondly, in order to make the network assign different competition winning units to different types of modes, the dual propagation neural network is improved by setting the maximum number of times of winning neurons. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the accuracy of image retrieval, and the recognition accuracy of verification set can reach over 91%.
Anomaly Detection for Time Series with Difference Rate Sample Entropy and Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Gao Keke , Feng Wenbin , Zhao Xia , Yu Chongchong , Su Weijun , Niu Yuqing , Han Lu
Published: November 2021

The spontaneous combustion of residual coals in the mined‐out area tends to cause an explosion, which is one kind of severe thermodynamic compound disaster of coal mines and leads to serious losses to people′s lives and production safety. The prediction and early warning of coal mine thermodynamic disasters are mainly determined by the changes of the index gas concentration pattern in coal mine mined‐out areas collected continuously. The time series anomaly pattern detection method is mainly used to reach the state change of gas concentration pattern. The change of gas concentration follows a certain rule as time changes. A great change in the gas concentration indicates the possibility of coal spontaneous combustion and other disasters. To emphasize the features of collected maker gas and overcome the low anomaly detection accuracy caused by the inadequate learning of the normal mode, this paper adopted a method of anomaly detection for time series with difference rate sample entropy and generative adversarial networks. Because the difference rate entropy feature of abnormal data was much larger than that of normal mode, this paper improved the calculation method of the abnormal score by giving different weights to the detection points to enhance the detection rate. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, this paper employed simulation models of the mined‐out area and adopted coal samples from Dafosi Coal Mine to carry out experiments. Preliminary testing was performed using monitoring data from a coal mine. The experiment compared the entropy results of different time series with the detection results of generative adversarial networks and automatic encoders and showed that the method proposed in this paper had relatively high detection accuracy.
A Novel Excavation and Construction Method for an Extra‐Long Underwater Tunnel in Soft Soils
Authors: Wu Jian , Zhou Zhifang , Xia Wenjun , Wang Haixiao , Fang Zhongqiang
Published: November 2021

The cut‐and‐cover technique is widely used in the field of tunnel engineering owing to its simple construction technology, high working efficiency, and low cost. However, the safety of the foundation pit and the environmental impact during excavation are of great concern, especially for tunnels that pass through lakes and/or rivers. In this paper, a novel excavation and construction method is presented for the Taihu tunnel, which is the longest lake‐crossing tunnel in China. In this method, a cofferdam of double‐row steel sheet piles (DSSPs) was designed in order to divide the overlying excavation into several closed zones. During the construction, four zones were regarded as a unit, and different construction steps were carried out simultaneously in each zone. Therefore, an assembly line for the tunnel excavation was established to accelerate the construction speed. The most distinctive advantage of this method is that the excavation did not cut off the normal flow of the lake water and the shipping routes, with low environmental impact. To investigate the tunnel deformation during excavation, a finite element analysis combined with field monitoring data was adopted, indicating that the magnitude of the tunnel deformation was notably less than those reported from other excavation projects. Moreover, the effect of groundwater on the piles and the safety of the foundation pit was revealed using numerical modelling. This study provides a new idea for the design and construction of tunnel engineering, especially for extra‐long underwater tunnels in soft deposits.
Study on Mechanical Properties and Damage Evolution of High‐Porosity Concrete under Cyclic Loading and Unloading
Authors: Zhang Dong , Lu Ai-hong , Wang Xia , Xia Yu , Gong Si-yu , Sun Lei , Zuo Ran-fang , Dong Yang
Published: November 2021

Understanding the mechanical properties and energy response of high‐porosity concrete under the cyclic loading and unloading is the foundation of road construction in sponge city. In this study, the concrete with the porosity of 15% was taken as the research object, and the cyclic loading and unloading tests on the high‐porosity concrete were performed under the stress amplitude of 25 MPa, 30 MPa, and 35 MPa in the elastic stage. The effects of stress amplitude and cycle number on the mechanical characteristics and damage evolution law of concrete were obtained. The experimental results show the following. (1) With the increase of cycle number, the loading and unloading elastic modulus of concrete under different stress amplitudes first increases and then decreases; the greater the stress amplitude, the faster the growth and deceleration of the loading and unloading elastic modulus. (2) With the increase of the cycle number, the peak strain and residual plastic deformation increase. (3) The greater the stress amplitude, the higher the damage of concrete; with the increasing number of cyclic loading and unloading, the damage of concrete is enhanced gradually. When the damage variable value is 1, the relationship between the cycle number and the initial stress amplitude satisfies a negative exponential function.
Generation and Evolution Conditions of Polygonal Wear of High‐Speed Wheel
Authors: Dong Yahong , Cao Shuqian
Published: November 2021

Wheel polygonal wear has long been a problem that confused the safety of railway operation which has important theoretical value and research significance. In this paper, the conditions of polygonal wear of high‐speed wheel are analyzed based on the wear model and verified by the field measured data. Considering the wheel track interaction caused by rotation, a finite element model of wheelset rotor dynamics is established. The effects of rotor speed, mass eccentricity, wheelset, and track flexibility on the vibration characteristics of wheelset rotor system and wheel polygonal wear characteristics are analyzed by beam element and solid element, respectively. The results show that the wheel longitudinal vibration is the main reason of wheel polygonal wear, and the wheel polygonal wear follows the law of “constant frequency and divisible.” Its “constant frequency” comes from the wheel track contact vibration, which stimulates the third‐order vertical bending vibration of wheelset and the eighth‐order coupled bending vibration of track, and the order is equal to the ratio of “constant frequency” to the wheelset rotation frequency.
Rear-End Crash Risk Analysis considering Drivers’ Visual Perception and Traffic Flow Uncertainty: A Hierarchical Hybrid Bayesian Network Approach
Authors: Ding Naikan , Lu Linsheng , Jiao Nisha
Published: November 2021

Rear-end crashes or crash risk is widely recognized as safety-critical state of vehicles under comprehensive conditions. This study investigated the association between traffic flow uncertainty, drivers’ visual perception, car-following behavior, roadway and vehicular characteristics, and rear-end crash risk variation and compared the crash risk variation prediction with and without specific flow-level data. Two datasets comprising 5055 individual vehicles in car-following state were collected through on-road experiments on two freeways in China. A hierarchical hybrid BN model approach was proposed to capture the association between drivers’ visual perception, traffic flow uncertainty, and rear-end crash risk variation. Results show that (1) the BN model with flow-level data outperformed the BN model without flow-level data and could predict 85.3% of the cases of crash risk decrease, with a false alarm rate of 21.4%; (2) the hierarchical hybrid BN models showed plausible spatial transferability in predicting crash risk variation; and (3) the incorporation of specific flow-level variables and data greatly benefited the successful identification of rear-end crash risk variations. The findings of this study suggest that rear-end crash risk is inherently associated with both individual driving behaviors and traffic flow uncertainty, and appropriate visual perceptual information could compensate for crash risk and improve safety.
Septic Pulmonary Embolism Causing Recurrent Pneumothorax in an Intravenous Drug User without Right-Sided Valvular Vegetation in Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Montano Mason , Lee Kevin , Patel Kushal , Kioka Mutsumi
Published: November 2021

The following report illustrates a case of a 36-year-old Caucasian male with intravenous drug use (IVDU) induced septic thrombophlebitis presenting with recurrent unilateral pneumothoraces from septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) without the presence of obvious right-sided valvular vegetation in infective endocarditis (IE), defined as tricuspid or pulmonary valve lesions. Pneumothorax (PTX) has been observed as a rare complication of SPE and is commonly associated with infective right-sided IE, IVDU, and intravascular indwelling catheters. However, this case is novel as it is the very rare documented case of recurrent, unilateral, spontaneous right PTX refractory to multiple chest tube placements in such a setting. Therefore, the absence of detectable right-sided valvular vegetation in IE does not obviate the risk of SPE-induced PTX in IVDU and further expands the realm of infectious and pulmonary consequences of SPE and IVDU.
Selecting Personnel with the Weighted Cross-Entropy TOPSIS of Hesitant Picture Fuzzy Linguistic Sets
Authors: Wu Xiao-Hui , Yang Lin , Qian Jie
Published: November 2021

Personnel selection is a key important role for the human resource department of organization, and hesitant picture fuzzy linguistic sets (HPFLSs) elaborated the advantages of both hesitant linguistic set and picture fuzzy set, which is more flexible and effective to solve the decision-making problems of personnel selection than other extension of fuzzy linguistic sets (FLSs). Cross-entropy, as effective measurement tools, is wildly used under fuzzy multicriteria decision-making (FMCDM) environment; thus, in order to elaborate the advantages of both cross-entropy and HPFLSs under FMCDM environment, the cross-entropy definition of HPFLSs is firstly given in this paper. Meanwhile, several novel cross-entropy measures between two HPFLSs are introduced, and their related properties are proved. Then, an approach based on the weighted cross-entropy measures and TOPSIS under hesitant picture fuzzy linguistic environment is proposed. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the real personnel’s selection, and the ranking results show that the proposed methods are practical and effective.
Probabilistic Membrane Computing‐Based SLAM for Patrol UAVs in Coal Mines
Authors: Xu Jiachang , Huang Yourui , Zhao Ruijuan , Liu Yu , Li Hongjin
Published: November 2021

Patrol unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in coal mines have high requirements for environmental perception. Because there are no GPS signals in a mine, it is necessary to use simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) to realize environmental perception for UAVs. Combined with complex coal mine environments, an integrated navigation algorithm for unmanned helicopter inertial measurement units (IMUs), light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems, and depth cameras based on probabilistic membrane computing‐based SLAM (PMC‐SLAM) is proposed. First, based on an analysis of the working principle of each sensor, the mathematical models for the corresponding sensors are given. Second, an algorithm is designed for the membrane, and a probabilistic membrane system is constructed. The probabilistic SLAM map is constructed by sparse filtering. The experimental results show that PMC can further improve the accuracy of map construction. While adapting to the trend of intelligent precision mining in coal mines, this approach provides theoretical support and application practice for coal mine disaster prevention and control.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Damage and Fracture Characteristics of Granite under Different Water Cooling Conditions
Authors: Yao Zhuangzhuang , Zhang Zhigang , Wu Wenbin , Wu Jiang
Published: November 2021

In order to investigate the mechanical property deterioration and fracture characteristics of granite under different temperature drop and thermal cycle conditions, the evolution laws of mechanical properties, acoustic emission event distribution, and macro and micro failure characteristics of granite under different temperature changes were studied and analyzed by the servo loading, acoustic emission monitoring, and scanning electron microscope systems. The following conclusions were gained from the test results. (1) The peak stress and elasticity modulus of the three temperature drop treatments all decreased with the increase of the number of thermal cycles. In terms of magnitude, the following relationship was satisfied: 10°C > 15°C > 20°C. After 8 cycles, the peak stress and elasticity modulus tended to be stable for 15°C and 20°C temperature drops. (2) At a temperature drop of 20°C, the heterogeneity first increased and then tended to be stable; when the temperature was dropped by 15°C at each cycle, however, the heterogeneity first decreased and then became stable; as for the case of 10°C, the heterogeneity showed an overall decreasing trend. After 4 cycles, the heterogeneities were ranked as 15°C > 20°C > 10°C. After 8 cycles, 20°C > 15°C > 10°C. (3) With the decrease of temperature drop amplitude or the increase of cycles, the connectivity of microcracks in granite improved on the whole, the aperture and shape factor of microcracks increased, the damage of granite intensified, and the duration of the quiet period in the acoustic emission ringing count rate prolonged. (4) The tensile failure dominated at a temperature drop amplitude of 10°C. When the temperature drop was 15°C, the failure mode transitioned from hybrid tension‐shear failure to tensile failure as the cycle times increased, whereas the hybrid tension‐shear failure dominated with a temperature drop of 20°C.
PTHG2 Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice by Directing Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Fate
Authors: Chen Jiao , Zhang Hao , Wu Xianmin , Wang Fuxiao , Wang Yili , Gao Qianmin , Liu Han , Hu Yan , Su Jiacan , Jing Yingying
Published: November 2021

Teriparatide, also known as 1-34 parathyroid hormone (PTH (1-34)), is commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. But its therapeutic application is restricted by poor metabolic stability, low bioavailability, and rapid clearance. Herein, PTHG2, a glycosylated teriparatide derivative, is designed and synthesized to improve PTH stability and exert more potent antiosteoporosis effect. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis shows that PTHG2 combines to PTH 1 receptor. Additional acetylglucosamine covalent bonding in the first serine at the N terminal of PTH (1-34) improves stability and increases protein hydrolysis resistance. Intermittent administration of PTHG2 preserves bone quality in ovariectomy- (OVX-) induced osteoporosis mice model, along with increased osteoblastic differentiation and bone formation, and reduced marrow adipogenesis. In vitro, PTHG2 inhibits adipogenic differentiation and promotes osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). For molecular mechanism, PTHG2 directs BMSCs fate through stimulating the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway. Blocking PKA abrogates the pro-osteogenic effect of PTHG2. In conclusion, our study reveals that PTHG2 can accelerate osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and inhibit adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs and show a better protective effect than PTH (1-34) in the treatment of osteoporosis.
PEGylated Graphene Quantum Dot Improved Cardiac Function in Rats with Myocardial Infarction: Morphological, Oxidative Stress, and Toxicological Evidences
Authors: Rostamzadeh Farzaneh , Shadkam-Farrokhi Mitra , Jafarinejad-Farsangi Saeideh , Najafipour Hamid , Ansari-Asl Zeinab , Yeganeh-Hajahmadi Mahboobeh
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The biocompatibility and potential application of graphene‐based nanomaterials in biomedicine have been documented. The effects of polyethylene glycol‐graphene quantum dots (GQDs‐PEG) on cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction (MI) were examined. Methods. Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two main groups, each consisting of sham‐Veh., MI‐Veh., and MI+GQDs‐PEG at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. MI was induced by the closure of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. After MI, GQDs‐PEG were injected at different doses IP every other day for two weeks. In the end, hemodynamic and heart contractility indices were assessed. The levels of myocardial MDA (malondialdehyde), SOD (superoxide dismutase), GPX (glutathione peroxidase), and TAC (total antioxidant capacity) were measured by the ELISA method. The serum ALP, ALT, AST, creatinine, and urea levels were measured using the photometric method. The infarct size was assessed by TTC staining. Results. GQDs‐PEG decreased the infarct size at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg and recovered the MI‐induced reductions of +dp/dt max and ‐dp/dt max in the study groups. GQDs‐PEG normalized systolic blood pressure and left ventricular systolic pressure reduction at the dose of 20 mg/kg in the MI group. Heart SOD, GPX, and TAC increased in the GQDs‐PEG 10 and 20 groups. Almost no signs of toxic effects due to GQDs‐PEG administration were observed on the liver and kidneys. Conclusions. The results provided clear evidence that GQDs‐PEG improve cardiac performance and hemodynamic parameters in rats with MI by reducing oxidative stress. GQDs‐PEG is proposed as a therapeutic target for the treatment of MI.
Analysis and Research on the Timeliness of Virtual Reality Sports Actions in Football Scenes
Authors: Tan Qingwen , Baek Seung-Soo
Published: November 2021

In the complex and changing situation on the soccer field, players must always be aware of their teammates, opponents, and the position of the ball during the game, constantly updating and analyzing the strategic information of the opponent in order to make appropriate tactical decisions. This ability to track multiple objects at the same time is also a prerequisite for high‐level soccer players to be able to react quickly and appropriately during the game. Therefore, it is essential to examine the attentional ability of soccer players in dynamic scenarios. This study compares soccer players’ performance in 2D planar and 3D virtual reality dynamic tracking tasks in two dimensions. They are correct tracking rate and tracking speed. This paper examines the tracking performance and spatial attention allocation characteristics of soccer players in different dynamic tracking tasks and the differences with the average college students by manipulating different types of 2D dynamic tracking tasks and incorporating a point detection paradigm. It was found that there were no differences in correct tracking and detection stimulus awareness between soccer players and college students in different 2D dynamic tracking tasks, showing consistency across populations. In terms of correct tracking rates, both soccer players and university students showed the highest correct tracking rates in the location MIT task, followed by the MOT task, and the worst in the identity MIT task. This indicates that the good dynamic attention ability of soccer players was not reflected in the above 2D dynamic tracking process. However, soccer players and college students showed consistent characteristics across populations in different dynamic tracking tasks. The results of detection stimulus awareness showed that soccer players and college students had the same trend of attention allocation between dynamic tracking tasks, i.e., more attention to the blank area of the screen and the target object and less attention to the distractor. This suggests that there was a distractor suppression effect between different dynamic tracking tasks.
MicroRNA as a Potential Biomarker and Treatment Strategy for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Cao Mingming , Song Wenjing , Liang Runyu , Teng Lili , Zhang Mei , Zhang Jiyao , Zhu Luwen
Published: November 2021

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a progressive injury that aggravates the pathological state when the organ tissue restores blood supply after a certain period of ischemia, including the myocardial, brain, liver, kidney, and intestinal. With growing evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role as posttranscription gene silencing mediators in many I/R injury, in this review, we highlight the microRNAs that are related to I/R injury and their regulatory molecular pathways. In addition, we discussed the potential role of miRNA as a biomarker and its role as a target in I/R injury treatment. Developing miRNAs are not without its challenges, but prudent design combined with existing clinical treatments will result in more effective therapies for I/R injury. This review is aimed at providing new research results obtained in this research field. It is hoped that new research on this topic will not only generate new insights into the pathophysiology of miRNA in I/R injury but also can provide a basis for the clinical application of miRNA in I/R.
Research on Multiscene Vehicle Dataset Based on Improved FCOS Detection Algorithms
Authors: Yan Fei , Zhang Hui , Zhou Tianyang , Fan Zhiyong , Liu Jia
Published: November 2021

Whether in intelligent transportation or autonomous driving, vehicle detection is an important part. Vehicle detection still faces many problems, such as inaccurate vehicle detection positioning and low detection accuracy in complex scenes. FCOS as a representative of anchor‐free detection algorithms was once a sensation, but now it seems to be slightly insufficient. Based on this situation, we propose an improved FCOS algorithm. The improvements are as follows: (1) we introduce a deformable convolution into the backbone to solve the problem that the receptive field cannot cover the overall goal; (2) we add a bottom‐up information path after the FPN of the neck module to reduce the loss of information in the propagation process; (3) we introduce the balance module according to the balance principle, which reduces inconsistent detection of the bbox head caused by the mismatch of variance of different feature maps. To enhance the comparative experiment, we have extracted some of the most recent datasets from UA‐DETRAC, COCO, and Pascal VOC. The experimental results show that our method has achieved good results on its dataset.