bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influencing Military and Political Processes through UN Institutions
Authors: Kalyadin A.
Published: May 2021

As a factor of political and military stability the UN system exerts a significant impact on the global processes associated with attempts at peacemaking, disarmament, non-proliferation and counter-terrorism. The vast majority of international legal instruments in the field of arms control and the fight against terrorism have been elaborated and adopted in the framework of the UN institutions or with their active assistance. In the future, the deliberative and negotiating UN “floors” are likely to develop new global conventions in the field of disarmament and countering terrorism. Within the context of deepening the general trend towards positive transformation of international relations this opens a window of opportunity in the sphere of improvement of treaty regimes on arms control and strengthening security through UN institutions. Over the projected period the conclusion of new treaties in this area (such as NPT, BTWC and CWC) it is still not timely. However, an effective work of the international mechanism may provide progress towards concluding agreements on new significant measures. A skillful use of the UN system tools would weaken the trend of de-regulation and erosion of military-political relations and open additional opportunities to reduce the military burden and to send the saved resources to build-up of the “soft power” (economic modernization, science and culture, enhancing ideological attractiveness). The author discusses the following directions of enhancing positive effects on the military-political processes through UN institutions: stabilization of the NPT regime and ensuring compliance enforcement of non-proliferation; actions through an international mechanism is needed to implement the goals of the CWC; opportunities to strengthen the BTWC regime through international control; on counter-terrorism activities; role of the UN in the prevention of armed conflict and peacekeeping.
Political Leadership under Conditions of «Chancellor Democracy»
Authors: Pavlov N.
Published: May 2021

In terms of Germany's foreign policy the concept of “chancellor democracy” begins to lose its validity. Nonetheless, the head of the government remains, as before, the leading political actor. In accordance with their own styles and characters each of the chancellors left their mark in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany. Many German political scientists and historians are right to understand the “chancellor democracy” as historical concentration of power in the Federal chancellery to the detriment of ministerial principle. Indeed, in all turning points of German history the most important decisions had been taken by the Federal chancellery and by the Chancellor alone.
Farther – without Precepts
Authors: Mikheev V. , Lukonin S. , Safronova Y.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the development of China. Forward-looking assessments are made on the basis of an analysis of the country’s new concept of national development. The authors specify five areas that demand for new conceptual solutions: ideology, domestic policy, economy, social issues and foreign policy. As for Russia and its positions in the hierarchic and polycentric world, the authors point out that the ongoing change of China’s social development model is no less important than the dynamics of development of the United States and the EU.
Alter-Globalism as Social and Political Phenomenon: Experience of Analysis
Authors: Rabotyazhev N.
Published: May 2021

The author proposes an investigation into the alter-globalization movement. The movement’s origin and development, its aims, organizational principles, participants and the role of Internet in its ascent are considered. The main ideological trends within the alter-globalization movement are also analyzed in the article. A conclusion is made that the alter-globalization is a new social and political phenomenon. It essentially differs from the XXth century political parties and movements. The article also considers the causes of the present crisis of the alter-globalization movement.
«Where We Are Strong…»
Authors: Pogorelskaya S.
Published: May 2021

The article describes the transformation of German policy towards the European Union after the reunification of Germany, German proposals to overcome the Euro crisis of 2010–2011 and the future role of Germany in the EU.
Russian Transnational Corporations in Services’ Sphere
Authors: Kuznetsov A.
Published: May 2021

In 2000, Russia took the 27th place in the world ranking in terms of annual volume of outgoing FDI. In 2008, Russia joined the top 10. However, due to the ongoing structural adjustment of the world economy in the near future the Russian exporters of raw materials and semi-processed goods should not expect an equally favorable market situation that had provided the financial base for large-scale investment abroad. There is a global FDI trend towards a gradual shift in favor of the sectors of high-tech industries and dynamically progressing services’ sphere. At the same time, the leading TNCs continue to determine the competitiveness of national economies and to exert a significant impact on the current configuration of the international division of labor, transforming the global value chains. In this regard, it is important that external investment of the Russian corporations contribute to modernization of the domestic economy and do not constitute just a form of capital flight from the country. The article identifies reasons why some industries of the Russian economy have deployed a massive overseas expansion while others have failed to realize the potential of FDI.
Political and Cultural Indicators in Political Regimes’ Study
Authors: Kuznetsova E.
Published: May 2021

One of the most common methods of political regime analysis and in particular assessment of their democratic character is a rating approach that envisages political regime classification depending on belonging to one or another group or cluster of democratic and non-democratic countries. Nevertheless this approach usually ignores political-cultural aspects of studied regimes. The article outlines the most commonly used indices of political regime comparison. The example of Central and Eastern Europe region proposes political regime classification taking political-cultural characteristics into account.
Nuclear Pakistan – Dichotomy of Power and Weakness
Authors: Khokhlov I.
Published: May 2021

The article analyses the fears that Pakistan's nuclear weapons or stockpiled fissile material could fall into the hands of terrorists. The author analyses the main security safeguards to prevent this scenario as well as the main threats to these weapons: corrupted military and intelligence officers, insurgency in the Pashtunistan and terrorist activities.
Global Economic Crisis as Factor of International Trade System's Transformation
Authors: Sutyrin S.
Published: May 2021

While analyzing the world's economic development in the second half of XX century the autor finds that there is a need to establish a system jf regulators in the modern economy. Such a system should operate on a constant basis nit only at the national but also at internatijnal level. The trend towards strengthening jf regulatory activities will inevitably involve the WTO which forms the basis of modern international trading system. During the crisis this organization took a number of steps that helped smooth out the gravity of the problem and to prevent the proliferation of unilateral protectionist measures on the part of individual states.
Main Directions of UK and EU Immigration Policy
Authors: Andreeva T.
Published: May 2021

The author of the article retraces the development of the British immigration and asylum legislations which occurs under the impact of the Common European immigration legislation development. The subject of the article is the assessment of the British and EU immigration legislation mutual enrichment degree which shows the will and ability of Great Britain to integrate in the EU immigration legislation in order to strengthen its role in the modern international relations.
Big Companies of ASEAN-5 Countries: Competitiveness under Conditions of Crisis
Authors: Mynkin D.
Published: May 2021

The crisis of 2008-2009 hit East Asia to a lesser degree than many developed countries of the West. The purpose of the article is to examine the competitiveness of specific companies from ASEAN-5 in this crisis and to assess the situation during this period and during the Asian crisis.
Ukrainian Immigrants in Spain: Main Features of Community
Authors: Bublikov V.
Published: May 2021

Among the European countries Spain ranks fourth after Italy, Germany and the Czech Republic in terms of the number of Ukrainian immigrants. The Ukrainians settle in Spain unevenly, with the highest concentration in the south-eastern regions of the country. The Ukrainian migrants are employed mostly in construction, agriculture, household activities, hotel and restaurant business. Therefore, the impact of the global economic crisis on the economy of Spain heavily influences the condition of the Ukrainians in the country.
Psychological and pedagogical research of the axiosphere of the younger generation as one of the activities of the Technopark
Authors: Gerashchenko Alexander Mikhailovich , Shaposhnikova Tatyana Leonidovna , Tuchina Oksana Roaldovna , Gordienko Olga Antonovna , Egorova Alena Yuryevna
Published: May 2021

Additional, creatively oriented education of the younger generation of Russians in school technoparks requires studying the characteristics of Generation Z. The values were compared as noted by respondents (1st-year students and university entrants) among different generations of Russians: their own world (the world of children), the world of parents and the world of grandparents. All the three generations are dominated by being oriented towards hard work, study, mutual assistance both within the global environment and within a small society, that is, within family. These positions are represented by the phraseological layers of the language, which indicates their presence in the Russian national value worldview. In the world of parents and in that of children, the emergence of new groups of values ​​ absent in the world of grandparents is recorded: orientation towards consumer values, perceived from advertising in the media, and at the same time the extinction of the value of serving the homeland. A new value stands out in the world of children – a humorous approach to life problems, which can be considered global because it contains quotations from world literature and borrowed phraseological units. This value is distinguished by an optimistic view of the world and the role of man in it, which is characteristic of youth. The research results allow asserting that Generation Z is ready to be creative and is oriented towards technology. Taking into account the peculiarities of the generation allows scientifically organizing educational leisure activities in technoparks.
Modelo de otimização para descarga de contêineres de importação
Authors: Longaray André Andrade , Luiz Silva do Amaral Márcio , Adamoli Amaral Thauane , Antonio Gonçalves Tondolo Vilmar
Published: May 2021

- Destaques: A economia do Brasil é muito dependente dos portos, que servem como entrada e saída de mercadorias via importação e exportação de cargas. O uso de contêineres tornou mais fácil as operações de manipulação em portos, aumentando a velocidade de transporte e eficiência do processo de movimentação. À vista disso, a conteinerização é uma inovação nos serviços de carga geral, trazendo aumento nas áreas das empresas e construindo grandes terminais especializados em movimentação de contêineres. Contudo, a movimentação interna de contêineres de importações acarreta em custos operacionais para os terminais portuários.

- Objetivo: Aplicar um modelo matemático para otimizar a descarga de contêineres de importação, a fim de definir a frota ideal para o processo da empresa em estudo.

- Desenho/Metodologia/Abordagem: O propósito da pesquisa é descrito como pesquisa-diagnostico. Quanto ao tipo de pesquisa, o estudo se enquadra como pesquisa qualitativa. No que tange o delineamento, a pesquisa é um estudo de caso. A técnica de análise consiste na utilização da modelagem no processo e simulação. São utilizadas a modelagem e simulação em um contexto logístico portuário.

- Resultados: Através da simulação, foi ajustado o número de caminhões que realizam o transporte, demonstrando a quantidade ideal de veículos para a demanda do terminal. Como resultado, observou-se que a pesquisa operacional pode auxiliar no ajuste do processo na empresa.

- Limitações da investigação: Este estudo apresenta como limitação, a realização da simulação com outros equipamentos que envolvem o processo de descarga de contêineres de importação, limitando-se apenas a tratores de pátio.

- Implicações práticas: Sugere-se aumentar o número de equipamentos que envolvem o processo de descarga, como guindastes pórtico de rodagem, a fim de verificar se há diminuição do tempo de processo de descarga de contêineres de importação.

- Originalidade/valor: Demostrar que a simulação pode servir como uma ferramenta que auxilia os tomadores de decisão, bem como, ser aplicada em um processo portuário.
Öz Yeterlilik ve Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Yenilikçi Davranış ve Görev Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi Eğitim Sektöründe Bir Araştırma
Authors: İMAMOĞLU Salih Zeki , ERAT Serhat , AYBER Eda Dilara
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, öz yeterlilik ve örgütsel özdeşleşmenin yenilikçi davranış ve görev performansı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır.

Tasarım/Yöntem: Veri toplama aracı olarak anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Anket Chen ve arkadaşları (2001) tarafından geliştirilen 8 ifadeli öz-yeterlilik ölçeği, Mael ve Ashforth (1992) tarafından geliştirilen 6 ifadeli örgütsel özdeşleşme ölçeği, Scott ve Bruce (1994) tarafından geliştirilen 6 ifadeli yenilikçi davranış ölçeği ve Goodman ve Svyantek (1999) tarafından geliştirilen 9 ifadeli görev performansı ölçeğinden yararlanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma verileri, Kocaeli ili Gebze ilçesindeki eğitim sektöründe çalışan 303 eğitim personelinden toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS istatistiksel analiz paket programıyla analize tabi tutulmuş ve faktör analizi, korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizleri ile test edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Analizler sonucunda öz yeterlilik ve örgütsel özdeşleşmenin yenilikçi davranış ve görev performansı üzerinde pozitif yönde anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırma sonucuna göre örgütleri ile özdeşleşen, öz yeterlilikleri yüksek çalışanların gerek yenilikçi davranışları gerekse de görev performanslarında örgüt yararına olumlu sonuçlar sergiledikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Elde edilen bu bulguların yöneticilere ve benzer alanda çalışan araştırmacılara, örgüt çalışanlarının yenilikçi davranışlarını geliştirmeleri ve performanslarını artırmaları hususunda yol göstereceği ve literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Sınırlılıklar: Örneklemin sadece Kocaeli ili Gebze ilçesinden ve eğitim sektöründe çalışanlardan oluşması bu araştırmanın sınırlılıklarıdır.

Özgünlük/Değer: Öz yeterlilik, örgütsel özdeşleşme, yenilikçi davranış ve görev performansı kavramları ve bu kavramların birbirleriyle olan ilişkileri üzerine yeterince çalışma yapılmış olmasına karşın öz yeterlilik ve örgütsel özdeşleşmenin yenilikçi davranış ve görev performansı üzerine etkisini inceleyen çalışmaya literatürde rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışma ile öz yeterlilik ve örgütsel özdeşleşme gibi pozitif örgütsel davranış kavramlarının yenilikçi davranış ve görev performansı gibi örgütün çıktılarına yönelik değişkenler üzerindeki etkisinin açıklanması amaçlanmakta ve literatürün zenginleşmesine katkı sağlanması hedeflenmektedir.
Representasi Kerinduan dalam Lagu Umm Kulthūm Qiṣṣat Ḥubb Karya Aḥmad Rāmī: Analisis Semiotik Charles Morris
Authors: Roisah Fathiyatur Rohmah
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research is to reveal the representation of a male character’s longing for his lover in the song Qiṣṣat Ḥubb, a song full of emotion. The song was sung by Umm Kulthum, a famous singer from Egypt who has a big influence in the Arab world. The song Qiṣṣat Ḥubb was composed by an Egyptian writer named Aḥamd Rāmī. In the song Qiṣṣat Ḥubb, some signs have a deeper meaning. The study of meaning in this study uses Charles Morris’s theory of semiotics, which is divided into three, namely syntactic meaning, semantic, and pragmatic meaning. This study used a descriptive-analytic method by describing the data on the object of research, then continued with the analysis. The results of this study indicate that the syntactic meaning in the song Qiṣṣat Ḥubb is the sadness of a man because he reminisces with his late lover. The semantic meaning of this song is the confusion of a man who is abandoned by his lover. Meanwhile, the pragmatic meaning is the longing of a man for his lover which causes suffering and almost drives him crazy.
Dynamic assessment on high school biology students’ reasoning skills
Authors: Ramli Murni , Khasanah Mayasari Mahfudhotul , Dwiastuti Sri
Published: May 2021

Reasoning skills of students may be improved through a sort of feedback constructed in the dynamic assessment. The research aims to analyze the effect of dynamic assessment on high school biology students' reasoning skills. The research employs a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The participants were students of grade X Science Program (N=61), which were selected purposively. Data on reasoning skills was collected by pretest and posttest focused on the concepts of bacteria. with dynamic assessment method. The data analysis technique employs an Independent sample t-test. The research result indicate that Dynamic Assessment provides better effect on students’ reasoning skills in Bacteria material.
Comunicación intercultural, contexto internacional y competencia traductora: una propuesta de mejora académica para los programas de traducción en Chile
Authors: Basaure Cabero Rosa Isabel , Ahumada Figueroa Mónica del Carmen
Published: May 2021

La necesidad de comunicación no solo traspasa fronteras físicas, sino que también virtuales. En este sentido, la traducción ha sido siempre el medio para establecer dicho intercambio, y hoy más que nunca la realidad proyecta a los profesionales de la disciplina como agentes clave en la mediación intercultural entre realidades diferentes. Las instituciones académicas tienen conciencia del rol histórico de los traductores en el desarrollo de la comunidad internacional y de los requerimientos formativos que la realidad actual trae aparejados. No obstante, dentro de las líneas curriculares, en particular en el caso chileno, se evidencia que las áreas de competencia traductora relativas al conocimiento temático y el rol de la traducción en este contexto no es un aspecto prioritario, pese a que este tema se encuentra en la primera línea de la investigación disciplinar a nivel internacional. En este sentido, la investigación apunta a analizar esta problemática desde la perspectiva chilena, a fin de revisar los lineamientos curriculares desde lo académico-formativo, así como desde el desarrollo futuro de la investigación disciplinar. Metodológicamente, la investigación explora la relación entre la necesidad de comunicación intercultural de Chile y los planes de estudios de las instituciones, así como propone lineamientos para la formación curricular y profesional de futuros traductores. Se presenta la reflexión respecto de la relación entre interculturalidad y competencia traductora para continuar con la revisión de los currículums chilenos y terminar con una propuesta que considera este aspecto como un eje formativo mediante el desarrollo de contenidos relativos al contexto de las relaciones internacionales dentro de la preparación profesional. El artículo concluye que un currículo flexible capaz de aportar conocimiento especializado permitirá a los futuros profesionales enfrentar los desafíos de un contexto sociocultural cambiante, propuesta que podría ser considerada en el resto de los programas académicos de la región.

Palabras clave: Formación de traductores, Competencia traductora, Relaciones internacionales, Chile.
The Translator-text Interaction Based on Gadamer’s Theory of Fusion of Horizons: A Case Study of Translations of Romantic Poetry into Persian
Authors: Sarvghadi Fatemeh , Taebi Noghondari Zohreh
Published: May 2021

Love of poetry has a long history among Iranians, so is the case with translation of poetry in their recent attempts. Thus, the significant number of translations has been made from Western poems. British Romantic poetry, as one type of Western poetry, has been translated since the beginning of poetry translation in Iran. This paper aims to investigate the translations of the British Romantic poems diachronically, the translations published in the 20th century, before the Revolution of 1979, and synchronically, the Romantic poems translated in the 21st century, the post-Revolutionary period. To fulfill the purpose, Schäffner’s theory of translation competences was applied to reveal which century met them more adeptly. For the linguistic competence, besides the text analysis of all translations, the number of the parts of speech of four translations attributed to a poem was counted and compared to the number of the original poem to verify the result. The analysis of the competences, as one of the tools of translation assessment, proves the attainment of Gadamer’s theory on the fusion of horizons for translators. The examination indicates that the translation competences are more developed in the translations of the 21st century. Therefore, in this century, translators achieve the fusion of horizons more effectively, and the translation trend of British Romantic poetry has improved.

Keywords: Poetry translation, British Romantic poetry, Translation competence, Fusion of horizons, Persian literature, The Revolution of 1979.
ARCE, Lorena; SEGHIRI, Miriam. La traducción de contratos de compraventa inmobiliaria: un estudio basado en corpus aplicado a España e Irlanda. Ámsterdam: Peter Lang, 2020. ISBN: 978-3-631-80131-4
Authors: Sánchez Rodas Fernando
Published: May 2021

Reseña del libro de Lorena Arce y Miriam Seghiri "La traducción de contratos de compraventa inmobiliaria: un estudio basado en corpus aplicado a España e Irlanda", editado por Peter Lang.
Un estudio contrastivo e interdisciplinar sobre la influencia emocional de los textos con carga emotiva negativa en los traductores
Authors: Konstantinidi Konstantina , Batista Espinosa Luisa María , Batista Espinosa Francisco Javier
Published: May 2021

A menudo, los traductores se tienen que enfrentar a traducciones complejas a nivel emocional que pueden tener consecuencias tanto en el traductor como en el texto final. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar el grado de la influencia de los textos de carga emotiva negativa en el estado psicológico de los traductores, mediante la observación y la cuantificación de las emociones que experimentan antes, durante y después del proceso traductor, cuando lidian con este tipo de textos, comparando a traductores profesionales y en formación. Para ello, se ha utilizado el método de la verbalización del pensamiento en voz alta (TAPs) y la Escala de Valoración del Estado de Ánimo (EVEA), con el fin de obtener datos tanto cualitativos como cuantitativos, respectivamente. Los resultados indican que el estado de ánimo de todos los sujetos ha sufrido cambios, tras la realización de la traducción. Además, a pesar de que existan variaciones cuantitativas entre los niveles emotivos de los dos grupos, las diferencias no son significativas. Por lo tanto, se puede concluir afirmando que, en mayor o en menor medida, los textos emotivos afectan a los traductores y que la profesionalidad puede que no sea uno de los factores relacionados con la gestión de las emociones en este tipo de textos.

Palabras clave: Traductor, Impacto emocional, Psicología, TAP, EVEA
CALLUM, Walker; FEDERICI, Federico (Eds). Eye Tracking and Multidisciplinary Studies on Translation. Amsterdam, Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018, 299 pp., ISBN: 978-9-0272-0169-0
Authors: Jia Huihuang
Published: May 2021

Book review: CALLUM, Walker; FEDERICI, Federico (Eds). Eye Tracking and Multidisciplinary Studies on Translation. Amsterdam, Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018, 299 pp., ISBN: 978-9-0272-0169-0
INCALCATERRA, L., LERTOLA, J., TAVALÁN, N. Audiovisual Translation in Applied Linguistics. Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2020, 207 pp., ISBN 978-90- 272-0755-5
Authors: Ávila-Cabrera José Javier
Published: May 2021

Book review: INCALCATERRA, L., LERTOLA, J., TAVALÁN, N. Audiovisual Translation in Applied Linguistics. Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2020, 207 pp., ISBN 978-90- 272-0755-5.
Turismo dark: la muerte como nuevo negocio turístico en España
Authors: CALDERÓN FAJARDO VÍCTOR
Published: May 2021

Resumen

Se estudia el fenómeno del turismo dark desde sus orígenes, analizando su evolución, embrionaria comercialización y su propio concepto de turismo experiencial como modalidad novedosa en la industria turística. Los objetivos han sido caracterizar el producto y el perfil del consumidor del turismo dark, así como conocer la posible estigmatización del turista dark y la factibilidad de la explotación de dicha modalidad turística en España. Para ello se ha empleado una metodología mixta, cualitativa por un lado, en forma de entrevistas a un colectivo profesional configurado por un elenco variado de escritores, investigadores y profesionales y, por otro, cuantitativa en forma de encuesta y encuesta-experimento a una muestra heterogénea y representativa de turistas y viajeros. Los resultados obtenidos han sido muy significativos: el 66,3% de los encuestados opinan que se producirá un incremento notable de la industria turística dark en España, aunque señalan diferentes tipos de bloqueos en su desarrollo y comercialización, tanto legales como culturales o éticos. La literatura existente comenzó a forjarse a finales de los noventa, pero con una falsa idea de una heterogeneidad en las actividades turísticas que integran el turismo oscuro en sentido amplio. En esta investigación se establecen, en este sentido, diversas intensidades, categorías y subcategorías de esta modalidad turística complementando y ponderando las ya clásicas de Seaton, Fennon, Foley y Stone. La conclusión principal que se deriva la investigación es que el turismo dark puede ser un catalizador de cambios innovadores en la oferta turística, capaz de valorizar recursos endógenos infrautilizados para el desarrollo y maduración de muchos destinos turísticos en tiempos convulsos y de crisis en la industria turística española.

Palabras clave: Tanatoturismo, turismo dark, perfil dark, espectro dark, categorías dark, recursos dark
La formación universitaria en turismo: una perspectiva académica y laboral en Bogotá (Colombia)
Authors: MORA FORERO JORGE ALEXANDER , VÁSQUEZ BENÍTEZ LYLLIANA , GALLEGO VÁSQUEZ JORGE ENRIQUE
Published: May 2021

Este artículo describe las relaciones y vínculos funcionales entre la formación profesional en hotelería y turismo en Bogotá (Colombia) y las necesidades de talento humano de las empresas del sector turístico y la inserción laboral del alumnado. La metodología de esta investigación ha sido de carácter cualitativo y los instrumentos de investigación se basaron en entrevistas estructuradas y semiestructuradas, proporcionadas por categorías de análisis previamente establecidas. Por un lado, se entrevistaron a los directores de las instituciones universitarias, para conocer el perfil profesional del egresado. Del mismo modo, se realizaron entrevistas a los directores de talento humano de los prestadores de servicios turísticos, con el fin de identificar las principales necesidades laborales de los cargos profesionales. Este trabajo de investigación se realizó en la ciudad de Bogotá D.C., durante el año 2018 y 2019 y se evidenciaron finalmente algunas discordancias entre la formación profesional académica y las necesidades de talento humano, entre las cuales se destaca la falta de práctica y el déficit en bilingüismo.

Palabras clave: Educación, turismo, competencias, talento humano, Bogotá (Colombia)
Association of Circulating MicroRNA-142-3p with Graves Disease
Authors: Al-Heety Rashad Ayad , Al-Hadithi Hayfaa S
Published: May 2021

This study aims to investigate the possible role of circulating microRNA-142-3p (miR-142-3p) in thedevelopment of graves disease (GD) and its association with the antibody directed against thyroidstimulating hormone receptor (TSHR-Ab) production in patients with GD. Forty patients with positiveTSHR-Ab enrolled in this study were divided ,based on treatment, into (22 untreated (newly diagnosed) and18 treated patients) and based on family history (30 with positive family history and 10 with negative familyhistory). In addition to forty healthy subjects with sex and age matching as a control group. The expressionlevel of circulating miR-142-3p was determined by two steps reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) technique. Results show that there is a significant elevation (p < 0.01) in the expression of miR-142-3p in the serum of both treated and untreated patients compared with controls and in patients withpositive family history compared with negative family history. While its expression is non-significantlylower (P > 0.05) in the serum of treated patients compared with untreated ones. It has been found that miR-142-3p expression was positively correlated with levels of TSHR-Ab, FT3, and FT4. In addition, the miR-142-3p expression has a good diagnostic accuracy with sensitivity (82%) and specificity (80%). Inconclusion, the differential expression of miR-142-3p between patients and healthy controls appears as apotential biomarker for diagnosis of GD and the positive correlation of miR-142-3p with TSHR-Absuggesting the contribution of this miRNA in the development of GD.
Antimicrobial Effect of Eco- Friendly Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis by Iraqi Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) on Gram-Negative Biofilm-Forming Bacteria
Authors: Hasson Shaimaa obaid , Salman Sumod Abdul kadhem , Hassan Shurooq Falah , Abbas Shatha Mohammed
Published: May 2021

Date palm silver nanoparticles are a green synthesis method used as antibacterial agents. Today, there is a considerable interest in it because it is safe, nontoxic, low costly and ecofriendly. Biofilm bacteria existing in marketed local milk is at highly risk on population health and may be life-threatening as most biofilm-forming bacteria are multidrug resistance. The goal of current study is to eradicate biofilm-forming bacteria by alternative treatment green synthesis silver nanoparticles. The biofilm formation by bacterial isolates was detected by Congo red method. The silver nanoparticles were prepared from date palm(khestawy) fruit extract. The formed nanoparticles were characterized with UV-Vis and AFM. The antibacterial activity of synthetic silver nanoparticles was evaluated by agar well diffusion method. Gram-negative bacteria isolates were E. coli in 3 isolates and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 5 isolates and all are biofilm producer. The size of synthetic green silver nanoparticles is 18 nm and the generation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by change of date extract color from yellow to brown with an absorption maximum at 410 nm. Highly antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was recorded in comparison to plant extract and silver nitrate against gram-negative biofilm-forming bacteria. From this study, the antibacterial activity of date palm silver nanoparticles was more efficient to eradicate gram negative biofilm[1]forming bacteria isolated from marketed local milk
Useing the Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Fuzzy Cluster Analysis Methods for Classification of Some Hospitals in Basra
Authors: Qasim Bahaa Abdul Razaq , AL-Sabbah Shrook A. S. , Shareef Ashraf Mohammed
Published: May 2021

In general, the importance of cluster analysis is that one can evaluate elements by clustering multiple homogeneous data; the main objective of this analysis is to collect the elements of a single, homogeneous group into different divisions, depending on many variables. This method of analysis is used to reduce data, generate hypotheses and test them, as well as predict and match models. The research aims to evaluate the fuzzy cluster analysis, which is a special case of cluster analysis, as well as to compare the two methods—classical and fuzzy cluster analysis. The research topic has been allocated to the government and private hospitals. The sampling for this research was comprised of 288 patients being treated in 10 hospitals. As the similarity between hospitals of the study sample was measured according to the standards of quality of health services under fuzzy conditions (a case of uncertainty of the opinions of patients who were in the evaluation of health services provided to them, which was represented by a set of criteria and was measured in the form of a Likert five-point scale). Moreover, those criteria were organized into a questionnaire containing 31 items. The research found a number of conclusions, the most important is that both methods of hierarchical cluster analysis and fuzzy cluster analysis, classify the hospitals of the research sample into two clusters, each cluster comprises a group of hospitals that depend on applying health quality service standards. The second important conclusion is that the fuzzy cluster analysis is more suitable for the classification of the research sample compared to hierarchical cluster analysis.
On (ɱ,ɳ)-Strongly Fully Stably Banach Algebra Modules Related to an Ideal of Am ×ɳ
Authors: Ali Radhi Ibraheem Mohammed , Ali Muna Jasim Mohammed , Kadhim Samira Naji
Published: May 2021

The aim of this paper is introducing the concept of (ɱ,ɳ) strong full stability B-Algebra-module related to an ideal. Some properties of (ɱ,ɳ)- strong full stability B-Algebra-module related to an ideal have been studied and another characterizations have been given. The relationship of (ɱ,ɳ) strong full stability B-Algebra-module related to an ideal that states,  a B- -module Ӽ is (ɱ,ɳ)- strong full stability B-Algebra-module related to an ideal  , if and only if  for any two ɱ-element sub-sets and of Ӽɳ, if , for each j = 1, …, ɱ,  i = 1,…, ɳ  and   implies Ạɳ( ) Ạɳ(  have been proved..
A complete (48, 4)-arc in the Projective Plane Over the Field of Order Seventeen
Authors: Hamed Zainab Shehab , Hirschfeld J.W.
Published: May 2021

The article describes a certain computation method of -arcs to construct the number of distinct -arcs in  for . In this method, a new approach employed to compute the number of -arcs and the number of distinct arcs respectively. This approach is based on choosing the number of inequivalent classes } of -secant distributions that is the number of 4-secant, 3-secant, 2-secant, 1-secant and 0-secant in each process. The maximum size of -arc that has been constructed by this method is . The new method is a new tool to deal with the programming difficulties that sometimes may lead to programming problems represented by the increasing number of arcs. It is essential to reduce the established number of -arcs in each construction especially for large value of  and then reduce the running time of the calculation. Therefore, it allows to decrease the memory storage for the calculation processes. This method’s effectiveness evaluation is confirmed by the results of the calculation where a largest size of complete -arc is constructed.  This research’s calculation results develop the strategy of the computational approaches to investigate big sizes of arcs in  where it put more attention to the study of the number of the inequivalent classes of -secants of -arcs in  which is an interesting aspect. Consequently, it can be used to establish a large value of .
Studying the Photodegradation of Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Bimetallic Au–Pd/TiO2 Photocatalyst
Authors: Mousa Souad A. , Tareq Sanaa , Muhammed Eman A.
Published: May 2021

In this study, the photodegradation of Congo red dye (CR) in aqueous solution was investigated using Au-Pd/TiO2 as photocatalyst. The concentration of dye, dosage of photocatalyst, amount of H2O2, pH of the medium and temperature were examined to find the optimum values of these parameters. It has been found that 28 ppm was the best dye concentration. The optimum amount of photocatalyst was 0.09 g/75 mL of dye solution when the degradation percent was ~ 96 % after irradiation time of 12 hours, while the best amount of hydrogen peroxide was 7μl/75 mL of dye solution at degradation percent ~97 % after irradiation time of 10 hours, whereas pH 5 was the best value to carry out the reaction at the highest degradation percent. In addition, temperature tested at range of (25-55) C˚, and it has been figured out which photodegradation percent of dye increase with raising temperature (degradation percent was ~ 98% after irradiation time of 4 hours at 55 C˚), and the activation energy of the reaction was calculated (34.8016 kJ/mole) from Arrhenius law. The thermodynamic functions ΔH#, ΔG#, and ΔS# were obtained, where ΔH# and ΔG# are positive value which means that the reaction is endothermic and non-spontaneous respectively, while ΔS# has a negative value, thus indicates that the reactants are more disordered than the excited intermediate formed. The kinetic of the reaction was studied, and it has been found that the photocatalytic reaction follows pseudo first order reaction.
Biological Evaluation and Theoretical Study of Bi-dentate Ligand for Amoxicillin Derivative with Some Metal Ions
Authors: Hassan Sahar S. , Hassan Nidhal M. , Baqer Shaymaa Rajab , Saleh Asmaa M.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, the complexes of Shiff base of Methyl -6-[2-(diphenylmethylene)amino)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-1-thia-4-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-3-carboxylate (L) with Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), Cupper(II) and Zinc(II) have been prepared. The compounds have been characterized by different means such as FT-IR, UV-Vis, magnetic moment, elemental microanalyses (C.H.N), atomic absorption, and molar conductance. It is obvious when looking at the spectral study that the overall complexes obtained as monomeric structure as well as the metals center moieties are two-coordinated with octahedral geometry excepting Co complexes that existed as a tetrahedral geometry. Hyper Chem-8.0.7 program was employed, after calculating the heat of formation (ΔH°f), binding energy (ΔEb), dipole moment( µ ), and FT-IR frequencies are carried out in gas phase, the geometric shape is suggested. The compounds have been also screened for their bioactivity to antibacterial and antifungal.
QTAIM study of the bonding in triosmium trihydride cluster [Os3(µ-H)3(µ3-ɳ2-CC7H3(2-CH3)NS)(CO)8]
Authors: Al-kirbasee Nadia Ezzat , Alhimidi Shatha Raheem Helal , Al-Ibadi Muhsen Abood Muhsen
Published: May 2021

The Atoms in Molecules (AIM) analysis for triosmium cluster, which contains trihydridede, carbon, carbonyl and 2-methylbenzothiazolide ligands, [Os3(µ-H)3(µ3-ɳ2-CC7H3(2-CH3)NS)(CO)8] is reported. Bonding features in this cluster has been analyzed based on QTAIM ("Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules") in this work. The topological indices derived from electron density of relevant interactions in triosmium compound have been studied. The major interesting point of the AIM analyses is that the core of part (Os3H3) reveals the absence of any critical points and bond paths connecting any pairs of Os metal atoms. However, bond critical points with their bond paths occurring between all Os-H interactions were observed. For the bridged core part (Os3H3), a 6c–6e multicenter interaction is proposed. The topological parameters computed for the bridging 2-methylbenzothiazolide ligand interactions indicate that all of these interactions are typical related to the covalent bonds with a contribution of some double-bond character.
Advanced Intelligent Data Hiding Using Video Stego and Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Abdulmunem Inas Ali , Harba Eman S. , Harba Hind S.
Published: May 2021

Steganography is a technique of concealing secret data within other quotidian files of the same or different types. Hiding data has been essential to digital information security. This work aims to design a stego method that can effectively hide a message inside the images of the video file.  In this work, a video steganography model has been proposed through training a model to hiding video (or images) within another video using convolutional neural networks (CNN). By using a CNN in this approach, two main goals can be achieved for any steganographic methods which are, increasing security (hardness to observed and broken by used steganalysis program), this was achieved in this work as the weights and architecture are randomized. Thus, the exact way by which the network will hide the information is unable to be known to anyone who does not have the weights.  The second goal is to increase hiding capacity, which has been achieved by using CNN as a strategy to make decisions to determine the best areas that are redundant and, as a result, gain more size to be hidden. Furthermore, In the proposed model, CNN is concurrently trained to generate the revealing and hiding processes, and it is designed to work as a pair mainly. This model has a good strategy for the patterns of images, which assists to make decisions to determine which is the parts of the cover image should be redundant, as well as more pixels are hidden there. The CNN implementation can be done by using Keras, along with tensor flow backend. In addition, random RGB images from the "ImageNet dataset" have been used for training the proposed model (About 45000 images of size (256x256)). The proposed model has been trained by CNN using random images taken from the database of ImageNet and can work on images taken from a wide range of sources. By saving space on an image by removing redundant areas, the quantity of hidden data can be raised (improve capacity). Since the weights and model architecture are randomized, the actual method in which the network will hide the data can't be known to anyone who does not have the weights. Furthermore, additional block-shuffling is incorporated as an encryption method to improved security; also, the image enhancement methods are used to improving the output quality. From results, the proposed method has achieved high-security level, high embedding capacity. In addition, the result approves that the system achieves good results in visibility and attacks, in which the proposed method successfully tricks observer and the steganalysis program.
New Spectral Range Generations from Laser-plasma Interaction
Authors: Mahdi Shaimaa S. , Aadim Kadhim A. , Khalaf Madyan A.
Published: May 2021

High-intensity laser-produced plasma has been extensively investigated in many studies. In this demonstration, a new spectral range was observed in the resulted spectra from the laser-plasma interaction, which opens up new discussions for new light source generation. Moreover, the characterizations of plasma have been improved through the interaction process of laser-plasma. Three types of laser were incorporated in the measurements, continuous-wave CW He-Ne laser, CW diode green laser, pulse Nd: YAG laser. As the plasma system, DC glow discharge plasma under the vacuum chamber was considered in this research. The plasma spectral peaks were evaluated, where they refer to Nitrogen gas. The results indicated that the plasma intensity increased from several thousands to several tens of thousands through the process of interaction of the Nd: YAG laser with the plasma. This increase in the intensity of the plasma as laser intensity increased occurs regardless of laser wavelength involved in the interaction or not. According to laser-plasma interaction, the so-called full width at half maximum FWHM of the highest peak in the plasma spectrum was broadened from 1.43 to 2.73. Considering the equation of plasma density computing, the plasma density was increased from 1.07× 1018 to 2.05× 1018   cm-3 with increasing FWHM. As a result of the interaction, the electron temperature of plasma was increased from 0.176 to 0.782 eV. It was also noticed that the position of the highest peak in the plasma spectrum depends on the interacted laser wavelength.
Is Respectful Care Provided by Community Health Workers Associated With Infant Feeding Practices? A Cross Sectional Analysis From India
Authors: Diamond-Smith Nadia G , Gopalakrishnan Lakshmi , Walker Dilys , Fernald Lia , Menon Purnima , Patil Sumeet
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices in India do not meet recommendations. Community health care workers (CHWs) are often the primary source of information for pregnant and postpartum women about Infant and Young child Feeding (IYCF) practices. While existing research has evaluated the effectiveness of content and delivery of information through CHWs, little is known about the quality of the interpersonal communication (respectful care). We analyzed the effect of respectful interactions on recommended IYCF practices. Methods: We use data from evaluation of an at-scale mHealth intervention in India that serves as a job aid to the CHWs (N=3,266 mothers of children <12m from 841 villages in 2 Indian states). The binary indicator variable for respectful care is constructed using a set of 7 questions related to trust, respect, friendliness during these interactions. The binary outcomes variables are exclusive breastfeeding, timely introduction of complimentary feeding, and minimum diet diversity for infants. We also explore if most of the pathway from respectful care to improved behaviors is through better recall of messages (mediation analysis). All models controlled for socio-economic-demographic characteristics and number of interactions with the CHW. Results: About half of women reported positive, respectful interactions with CHWs. More respectful interactions were associated with better recall of appropriate health messages. More respectful interactions were associated with a greater likelihood of adopting all child feeding behaviors except timely initiation of breastfeeding. After including recall in the model, the effect of respectful interactions alone reduced. Conclusions: Respectful care from CHWs appears to be significantly associated with some behaviors around infant feeding, with the primary pathway being through better recall of messages. Focusing on improving social and soft skills of CHWs that can translate into better CHW-beneficiary interactions can pay rich dividends.
Trapezoidal Hesitant Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers and Their Applications to Multiple-Criteria Decision Making Problems
Authors: Deli Irfan
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we introduce an extension theory of the trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers under intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy sets called trapezoidal hesitant intuitionistic fuzzy number (THIF-number). This new theory provides very effectively to model uncertainties of some events by several different trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers based on the same support set in the set of real numbers R. Also, to demonstrate the application of this theory, a new multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM) method based on THIF-numbers is presented. To do this, we first propose

operations of THIF-numbers with properties. We second give score, standard deviation degree, deviation degree of THIF-numbers to compare THIF-numbers. We third develop geometric operators and arithmetic operators of THIF-number. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the application of the developed method in THIF-numbers.