bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distinguishing unfolding and functional conformational transitions of calmodulin using ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Jones Eric M. , Balakrishnan Gurusamy , Squier Thomas C. , Spiro Thomas G.
Published: June 2014

Calmodulin (CaM) is a ubiquitous moderator protein for calcium signaling in all eukaryotic cells. This small calcium‐binding protein exhibits a broad range of structural transitions, including domain opening and folding–unfolding, that allow it to recognize a wide variety of binding partners in vivo. While the static structures of CaM associated with its various binding activities are fairly well‐known, it has been challenging to examine the dynamics of transition between these structures in real‐time, due to a lack of suitable spectroscopic probes of CaM structure. In this article, we examine the potential of ultraviolet resonance Raman (UVRR) spectroscopy for clarifying the nature of structural transitions in CaM. We find that the UVRR spectral change (with 229 nm excitation) due to thermal unfolding of CaM is qualitatively different from that associated with opening of the C‐terminal domain in response to Ca2+ binding. This spectral difference is entirely due to differences in tertiary contacts at the interdomain tyrosine residue Tyr138, toward which other spectroscopic methods are not sensitive. We conclude that UVRR is ideally suited to identifying the different types of structural transitions in CaM and other proteins with conformation‐sensitive tyrosine residues, opening a path to time‐resolved studies of CaM dynamics using Raman spectroscopy.
Fine tuning of the catalytic activity of colicin E7 nuclease domain by systematic N‐terminal mutations
Authors: Németh Eszter , Körtvélyesi Tamás , Thulstrup Peter W. , Christensen Hans E. M. , Kožíšek Milan , Nagata Kyosuke , Czene Anikó , Gyurcsik Béla
Published: June 2014

The nuclease domain of colicin E7 (NColE7) promotes the nonspecific cleavage of nucleic acids at its C‐terminal HNH motif. Interestingly, the deletion of four N‐terminal residues (446–449 NColE7 = KRNK) resulted in complete loss of the enzyme activity. R447A mutation was reported to decrease the nuclease activity, but a detailed analysis of the role of the highly positive and flexible N‐terminus is still missing. Here, we present the study of four mutants, with a decreased activity in the following order: NColE7  >> KGNK > KGNG ∼ GGNK > GGNG. At the same time, the folding, the metal‐ion, and the DNA‐binding affinity were unaffected by the mutations as revealed by linear and circular dichroism spectroscopy, isothermal calorimetric titrations, and gel mobility shift experiments. Semiempirical quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that K446, K449, and/or the N‐terminal amino group are able to approach the active centre in the absence of the other positively charged residues. The results suggested a complex role of the N‐terminus in the catalytic process that could be exploited in the design of a controlled nuclease.
Arena da Amazônia, Manaus
Authors: Göppert Knut , Stockhusen Knut , Grotz Sebastian
Published: June 2014

Im März 2010 fand die feierliche Grundsteinlegung für das FIFA WM Stadion in Manaus statt. Das als einfaches aber hocheffizientes Gebäude geplante Stadion stellt das Herzstück eines Sportparks in einem der wichtigsten Zentren des Ökotourismus in Südamerika dar. Es lag nahe, für das Leitbild des Entwurfs regelmäßige Strukturen technisch zu interpretieren, die in der Manaus alles umgebenden Natur vorkommen. Die Riesenseerose Victoria Regia, ein perfektes Vogelnest oder ein aus Palmblättern geflochtener regionaler Korb, alles lässt sich hier wiederfinden. Das Resultat ist die nun fertiggestellte intelligente, rautenförmige Stahlgitterschalenstruktur, die an Dach und Fassade mit, in der Äquatorsonne hell leuchtenden, Membranpaneelen eingedeckt ist (Bilder 1 und 2).

Arena da Amazônia, Manaus. The basic and efficient new Stadium in Manaus, inaugurated in March 2014, forms the centre part of a large sports complex. For the design of a stadium, situated in one of the most important hubs of eco tourism in South America, a technical interpretation of natural structures have been performed. It seemed to be obvious to interpret technically all the regular structures which can be found in the Manaus completely surrounding nature. The giant water lily Victoria Regia, a perfect bird’s nest or a local basket woven from palm leafs, everything can be interpreted. The result is the now completed intelligent diamond‐shaped steel grid shell structure, which is covered at roof and facade by in the equatorial sun brightly shining membrane panels (Figs. 1 and 2).
Estádio Jornalista Mário Filho, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Göppert Knut , Stockhusen Knut , Moschner Thomas
Published: June 2014

200000 Zuschauer beim WM‐Spiel zwischen Brasilien und Uruguay 1950, 195000 beim Lokalderby zwischen Fluminense und Flamengo 1963, Pelé, Ghiggia, Sinatra, Johannes Paul II: Zahlen und Namen, die den Mythos Maracanã begründen. Es gibt wohl nur wenige Gebäude auf der Welt, die in der vergleichsweise kurzen Zeit ihres Bestehens eine derartige Bedeutung und Bekanntheit erlangten. Weltweit verbinden Fußballfans mit diesem Namen große Momente des Sports. “Templo sagrado no país do futebol“ – der heilige Tempel im Land des Fußballs, so nennen die Brasilianer ihr Maracanã. Umso mehr freuen wir uns, dass wir beim Umbau des Stadions für die WM 2014 mitwirken und ihm ein neues und – wie wir meinen – schönes Dach aufs Haupt setzen durften.

Estádio Jornalista Mário Filho, Rio de Janeiro. 200000 spectators at the World Cup game between Brazil and Uruguay in 1950, 195000 at the local derby between Fluminense and Flamengo in 1963, Pelé, Ghiggia, Sinatra, John Paul II: numbers and names that formed the myth of Maracanã. There are probably only few buildings in the world which gained such importance and prominence in the comparatively short period of its existence. Soccer fans worldwide associate great moments of sport with this name. “Templo Sagrado no país do futebol” – the Holy Temple in the country of football, this is how the Brazilians call their Maracanã. The more we are delighted about our contribution in the reconstruction of the stadium for the World Cup 2014 and in putting a new and – as per our opinion – beautiful roof on top of its head.
Die Olympischen Spiele in Rio de Janeiro 2016
Authors: Göppert, Knut , Stockhusen Knut
Published: June 2014

Im Dezember 2012 wurde die Entscheidung der öffentlichen Ausschreibungen zur Planung der olympischen Tennis‐ und der Schwimmanlage (Bild 1) bekanntgegeben. Das Konsortium, bestehend aus schlaich bergermann und partner sbp do brasil und Gerkan, Marg und Partner gmp do brasil, gemeinsam mit den brasilianischen Haustechnik‐ und Nachhaltigkeitspartnern Lumens und Sustentech, hatte beide Projekte für sich entscheiden können. Dies markierte die Aufnahme in den exklusiven Klub der Planer für Olympische Spiele und die endgültige Anerkennung als vollumfänglich brasilianisch registriertes und für öffentliche Ausschreibungen zugelassenes Büro.

The Olympic Games 2016 in Rio de Janeiro. In December 2012, the decision of the public tender for the planning of the Olympic Games venues of tennis and aquatic facilities (figure 1) was announced. The consortium, consisting of schlaich bergermann und partner sbp do brasil and Gerkan, Marg und Partner gmp do brasil, together with the Brazilian mechanical engineering and sustainability partners Lumens and Sustentech, was successful in both projects. This high‐lighted the admission to the exclusive club of planners for the Olympic Games and the final confirmation of the recognition as a fully registered Brazilian office, accredited for public bids.
Was ist Ingenieurbaukunst?
Authors: Kurrer Karl‐Eugen
Published: June 2014

Im Rahmen des Ingenieurbaupreises 2013 von Ernst & Sohn interviewte das online‐Magazin für Ingenieure – “momentum“ – die Mitglieder der Jury (Bild 1). Die Videos gingen Ende Januar 2013 online. Nach Verbreitung des Interviews mit dem Autor dieser Zeilen schlug ihm Jörg Schlaich vor, eine schriftliche Fassung des Interviews http://momentum‐magazin.de/de/ibpreis2013‐kurrer/ zu veröffentlichen, was hiermit nachgeholt werden soll.
Myopericytoma of the Hypothenar Eminence: Case Report
Authors: Wagner Eric R. , Shin Alexander Y.
Published: June 2014

Abstract Myopericytomas belong to a benign group of tumors consisting of perivascular myopericytes or pericytes with a characteristic myoid differentiation pattern. The tumor is histologically and radiographically heterogenous, similar to superficial myofibromas. We report on a case of a myopericytoma arising in the hypothenar eminence of a 58-year-old man with a history of over 15 years of ulnar-sided and midcarpal wrist pain. Decision was made to excise the mass after it had increased in size by over 50 % over a 10-year period. Excision of the mass led to remarkable relief of his symptoms in the hypothenar as well as midcarpal regions. Consideration of this rare perivascular tumor should be included in patients with slow-growing benign appearing masses within the subcutaneous tissues of the hand.
Euromaidan: Time to Draw Conclusions
Authors: Saryusz-Wolski Jacek
Published: June 2014

The Euromaidan movement is one of the most prominent developments to have captured the attention of the world in the last few months. This article aims to draw a line under the recent developments in Ukraine. It will first assess the development, as well as the impact, of the movement on Ukraine. Then it moves on to discuss the role of the Russian Federation and the EU in mitigating the domestic crisis. The article concludes with the idea that, as the Ukrainian people have fought for their right to live in a democratic system inspired by European values, the EU should continue to support Ukraine in its democratic and European aspirations. This support should not only be in the form of financial packages, but also shown by accelerating the visa liberalisation dialogue, which would grant Ukrainians access to what they have fought for–-a united Europe.
The effect of gender medicine education in GP training: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Dielissen Patrick , Verdonk Petra , Waard Magreet Wieringa-de , Bottema Ben , Lagro-Janssen Toine
Published: June 2014

The purpose of this study is to compare the change in general practitioner (GP) trainees’ gender awareness following a modular gender medicine programme or a mainstream gender medicine programme. In 2007, a prospective study was conducted in three cohorts of in total 207 GP trainees who entered GP training in the Netherlands. The outcome measure was the Nijmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale and a 16-item gender knowledge questionnaire. Two gender medicine teaching methods were compared: a modular approach (n = 75) versus a mainstream approach (n = 72). Both strategies were compared with a control cohort (n = 60). Statistical analysis included analysis of variance and t-tests. The overall response rates for the modular, mainstream and control cohort were 78, 72 and 82 %, respectively. There was a significant difference in change in gender knowledge scores between the modular cohort compared with the mainstream and control cohort (p = 0.049). There were no statistical differences between the cohorts on gender sensitivity and gender role ideology. At entry and end, female GP trainees demonstrated significantly higher gender awareness than male GP trainees. A modular teaching method is not a more favourable educational method to teach gender medicine in GP training. Female GP trainees are more gender aware, but male GP trainees are not unaware of gender-related issues.
Atomistics of superlubricity
Authors: Hirano Motohisa
Published: June 2014

Friction is a phenomenon observed ubiquitously in daily life, yet its nature is complicated. Friction between rough surfaces is considered to arise primarily because of macroscopic roughness. In contrast, interatomic forces dominate between clean and smooth surfaces. “Superlubricity”, where friction effectively becomes zero, occurs when the ratio of lattice parameters in the pair of surfaces becomes an irrational number. Superlubricity has been found to exist in a limited number of systems, but is a very important phenomenon both in industry and in mechanical engineering. New atomistic research on friction is under way, with the aim of refining theoretical models that consider interactions between atoms beyond mean field theory and experiments using ultrahigh vacuum non-contact atomic force microscopy. Such research is expected to help clarify the nature of microscopic friction, reveal the onset conditions of friction and superlubricity as well as the stability of superlubricity, discover new superlubric systems, and lead to new applications.
Mental health impacts of reproductive coercion among women in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: McCauley Heather L. , Falb Kathryn L. , Streich‐Tilles Tara , Kpebo Denise , Gupta Jhumka
Published: June 2014

Objective

To assess the independent associations of partner‐perpetrated reproductive coercion, intimate partner violence (IPV), in‐law reproductive coercion, and in‐law abuse with recent probable post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and to test their relationship with PTSD symptoms when controlling for the other types of abuse among partnered women in rural Côte d'Ivoire.

Methods

Cross‐sectional analyses were conducted using logistic generalized estimating equations, which accounted for village‐level clustering. Data were drawn from baseline data from a randomized controlled trial among 24 villages in rural Côte d'Ivoire (n = 953 partnered women). Three adjusted models were used to test associations of reproductive coercion and abuse with probable PTSD.

Results

Partner‐perpetrated reproductive coercion was experienced by 176 (18.5%) women. In model 3, which accounted for the co‐occurrence of abuses, partner‐perpetrated reproductive coercion (odds ratio [OR] 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4–3.9) and partner‐perpetrated IPV (OR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1–2.7) were the most significant predictors of past‐week probable PTSD (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Reproductive coercion may be a significant contributor to poor mental health. The mental health impacts of reproductive coercion and IPV should be considered within psychosocial programming for rural Ivorian communities to address the full range of traumatic experiences that may have been experienced by women.
Regularities of distribution and composition of heteroatomic components in Paleozoic and Jurassic oils of southeastern West Siberia
Authors: Sagachenko T.A. , Gerasimova N.N. , Kovalenko E.Yu. , Sergun V.P. , Min R.S.
Published: June 2014

Experimental data on the distribution and composition of sulfur and nitrogen compounds in oils of Paleozoic and Jurassic deposits of southeastern West Siberia have been summarized. Benzo-, dibenzo-, and naphthobenzothiophene, quinolines and benzoquinolines, thiopheno- and benzothiophenoquinolines, and benzo- and dibenzoquinolones are shown to be the main hetero-organic compounds in all the oils. It has been established that the distribution of these compounds depends on the formation conditions of natural hydrocarbon systems and on the degree of their catagenesis.
The Welfare Impacts of Bird Damage and Its Control in California Wine Grape Production
Authors: Anderson A. , Lindell C. A. , Siemer W. F. , Shwiff S. A.
Published: June 2014

We developed a partial equilibrium model to examine the welfare impacts of bird damage and its control in California wine grape production. The model incorporates the impacts of pest damage and its control and allows the impacts to vary regionally. Importantly, the model requires minimal information to apply; only elasticities, current market price and production data, and information on the cost and effectiveness of the pest control methods are needed. We rely on data from a recent survey of California growers and use the model to estimate changes in wine grape prices, production levels, and consumer and producer surplus that result from both bird damage and its control in three grape-growing regions of California. Results suggest that eliminating the threat of bird damage and control costs results in an increase in producer and consumer surplus of 1.3% and 3%, respectively. Furthermore, eliminating current bird control and allowing any resulting damage would decrease producer and consumer surplus by 6.6% and 11.5%, respectively. (JEL Classifications: Q11, Q18, Q57)
The quality of reporting of phase II and III trials for new antipsychotics: a systematic review
Authors: Patel M. X. , Collins S. , Hellier J. , Bhatia G. , Murray R. M.
Published: June 2014

Background

The findings of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) study and the Cost Utility of the Latest Antipsychotic Drugs in Schizophrenia Study (CUtLASS) called previous trials of antipsychotics into question, including pre-licensing trials. Concerns regarding methodological robustness and quality of reporting increased. This systematic review aimed to examine the quality of reporting of phase II and III trials for new antipsychotics in the aftermath of the CATIE and CUtLASS studies.

Method

Electronic searches were conducted in EMBASE, Medline and Cochrane databases and also ClinicalTrials.gov for antipsychotic trials (published between January 2006 and February 2012). Phase II and III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for iloperidone, asenapine, paliperidone, olanzapine, lurasidone and pomaglumetad methionil were selected for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The reporting of the methodology was evaluated in accordance with Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines.

Results

Thirty-one articles regarding 32 studies were included. There was insufficient reporting of design in 47% of studies and only 13% explicitly stated a primary hypothesis. Exclusion criteria were poorly reported for diagnosis in 22% of studies. Detail regarding comparators, particularly placebos, was suboptimal for 56% of studies, and permitted concomitant medication was often not reported (19%). Randomization methods were poorly described in 56% of studies and reporting on blinding was insufficient in 84% of studies. Sample size calculations were insufficiently reported in 59% of studies.

Conclusions

The quality of reporting of phase II and III trials for new antipsychotics does not reach the standards outlined in the CONSORT guidelines. Authors often fail to adequately report design and methodological processes, potentially impeding the progress of research on antipsychotic efficacy. Both policymakers and clinicians require high quality reporting before decisions are made regarding licensing and prescribing of new antipsychotics.
Ageing Organisations and the Extension of Working Lives: A Case Study Approach
Authors: CONEN WIETEKE , HENKENS KÈNE , SCHIPPERS JOOP
Published: June 2014

This paper examines how the economic climate and policy changes at national level have been affecting organisational practices, aimed at the extension of working lives of older workers, over the last decade. We analyse case studies conducted among Dutch organisations. Our findings show that personnel policies are typically short-term oriented and vary in their existence and content congruous to the economic climate. Policy changes in retirement arrangements, and the debate about raising the official retirement age, have made both employees and employers realise that the extension of working lives has become an unavoidable fact, although both parties still seem intrinsically opposed to it. Changes to safety regulations and the increase in costs for employers if employees drop out of work due to ill health have led to an increasing focus on health-related measures in professions with intense physical work over the last decade. We conclude that, while national level policy changes in areas like health and safety do percolate down and begin to affect organisational practice, it is at the organisational level that they still need to be worked through.
Plagiarism in second-language writing
Authors: Pecorari Diane , Petrić Bojana
Published: June 2014

Plagiarism is a broad and multidisciplinary field of study, and within second-language (L2) writing, research on the topic goes back to the mid-1980s. In this review article we first discuss the received view of plagiarism as a transgressive act and alternative understandings which have been presented in the L1 and L2 writing literature. We then survey and identify salient themes in the growing body of work relating to plagiarism, primarily from an L2 writing/applied linguistic perspective. These themes include terminological distinctions; views of the role of textual plagiarism in language learning and a writer's development; a concern with students’ and teachers’ sometimes differing understanding of plagiarism; and disciplinary differences in perceptions of plagiarism. We review research into the role of the electronic media in changing orientations toward plagiarism, the potential role of culture as a cause of plagiarism in the work of L2 writers, and pedagogical approaches to guiding students away from plagiarism. Methodological issues in researching plagiarism are surveyed, and the article concludes by suggesting directions for future research.
Genre and second-language academic writing
Authors: Paltridge Brian
Published: June 2014

The term ‘genre’ first came into the field of second-language (L2) writing and, in turn, the field of English for specific purposes (ESP) in the 1980s, with the research of John Swales, first carried out in the UK, into the introduction section of research articles. Other important figures in this area are Tony Dudley-Evans, Ann Johns and Ken Hyland, who have argued for the value of genre in the teaching of L2 academic writing. ESP genre analysis is a development of text linguistics and the description of academic genres, moving from a focus on lexicogrammatical features to rhetorical moves and, later, to a focus on rhetorical context (see Swales 2001 for a review). Systemic functional genre analysis (typically called the ‘Sydney school’) is a development of research such as that of Longacre (1976) and Labov & Waletzky (1967) and their analyses of the discourse structures of texts. Jim Martin and Joan Rothery are two important figures in the early development of systemic functional genre analysis; their work became the basis for the Disadvantaged Schools Project in Sydney (see Rose & Martin 2012 for a history). As an approach to the teaching of writing, genre-based pedagogy came into prominence in the US, in part as a response to process writing, which, it was felt, did not realistically prepare students for the demands of writing in academic contexts (Horowitz 1986). Genre-based pedagogy in Australia has a similar history and was a reaction to whole language and process writing, which were dominant in the teaching of writing in Australian schools at the time.
Teaching reading: Research into practice
Authors: Macalister John
Published: June 2014

In pre-service and in-service language teacher education, and in curriculum-related projects in second and foreign language settings, a recurrent issue is the failure to relate the teaching of reading to reading as a meaning-making activity. In this paper, I will consider what current research on second language (L2) reading has actually succeeded in bringing to the classroom. In doing this, I will examine the three obvious candidates for inclusion in a reading programme: extensive reading, reading fluency development, and intensive reading. For each of these I will give my perspective on what's getting through to teachers, and what isn’t, and my best guess as to why it isn’t. This leads to suggestions about areas for further research and other actions that need to be taken to improve classroom practice.
Lack of BCG vaccination and other risk factors for bacteraemia in severely malnourished children with pneumonia
Authors: CHISTI M. J. , SALAM M. A. , AHMED T. , SHAHID A. S. M. S. B. , SHAHUNJA K. M. , FARUQUE A. S. G. , BARDHAN P. K. , HOSSAIN M. I. , ISLAM M. M. , DAS S. K. , HUQ S. , SHAHRIN L. , HUQ E. , CHOWDHURY F. , ASHRAF H.
Published: June 2014

We sought to examine the factors associated with bacteraemia and their outcome in children with pneumonia and severe acute malnutrition (SAM). All SAM children of either sex, aged 0–59 months, admitted to the Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh with radiologically confirmed pneumonia from April 2011 to July 2012 were enrolled (n = 405). Comparison was made between pneumonic SAM children with (cases = 18), and without (controls = 387) bacteraemia. The death rate was significantly higher in cases than controls (28% vs. 8%, P < 0·01). In logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for potential confounders, the SAM children with pneumonia and bacteraemia more often had a history of lack of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination (odds ratio 7·39, 95% confidence interval 1·67–32·73, P < 0·01). The results indicate the importance of continuation of BCG vaccination which may provide benefit beyond its primary purpose.
Uncommon aetiological agents of catheter-related bloodstream infections
Authors: REIGADAS E. , RODRÍGUEZ-CRÉIXEMS M. , SÁNCHEZ-CARRILLO C. , MARTÍN-RABADÁN P. , BOUZA E.
Published: June 2014

The clinical and microbiological characteristics of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI) due to uncommon microorganisms was assessed in a retrospective case-control study over a 9-year period in a tertiary teaching hospital. Uncommon microorganisms were defined as those representing <0·5% of all CR-BSI. Diagnosis of CR-BSI required that the same microorganism was grown from at least one peripheral venous blood culture and a catheter tip culture. Thirty-one episodes of CR-BSI were identified due to 13 different genera and these accounted for 2·3% of all CR-BSI in the hospital. Although these infections were not associated with increased mortality, they occurred in patients with more severe underlying conditions who were receiving prolonged antibiotic therapy.
A Comparison of Manifestations and Impact of Reassurance Seeking among Japanese Individuals with OCD and Depression
Authors: Kobori Osamu , Sawamiya Yoko , Iyo Masaomi , Shimizu Eiji
Published: June 2014

Background: One of the most common interpersonal reactions to threat and anxiety is to seek reassurance from a trusted person. The Reassurance Seeking Questionnaire (ReSQ) measures several key aspects of reassurance seeking behaviour, including frequency, trust of sources, intensity, carefulness, and the emotional consequences of reassurance seeking. Aims: The current study compares patterns and consequences of reassurance seeking in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and depression. Method: ReSQ scores were compared for three groups: 32 individuals with OCD, 17 individuals with depression, and 24 healthy comparison participants. Results: We found that individuals with OCD tended to seek reassurance more intensely and employ self-reassurance more frequently than individuals with depression or healthy participants, and that if reassurance was not provided, they tended to feel a greater urge to seek additional reassurance. Conclusions: This study is the first to quantitatively elucidate differences in reassurance seeking between OCD and depression.
Introduction: Social Innovation and Social Policy
Authors: Baglioni Simone , Sinclair Stephen
Published: June 2014

This themed section discusses the conceptual development and related empirical applications of social innovation (SI), a concept acquiring a prominent position in both academia and the world of policy. When SI started being used in the early 1990s relatively few social scientists were familiar with it, mainly those interested in urban policy. Less than two decades later, not only is SI at the heart of the largest public research funding programme in Europe (Horizon 2020), it is also constantly referred to in the discourses of senior level policy makers on both sides of the Atlantic.
Ecological theory as a foundation to control pathogenic invasion in aquaculture
Authors: De Schryver Peter , Vadstein Olav
Published: June 2014

Detrimental host–pathogen interactions are a normal phenomenon in aquaculture animal production, and have been counteracted by prophylactic use of antibiotics. Especially, the youngest life stages of cultivated aquatic animals are susceptible to pathogen invasion, resulting in disease and mortality. To establish a more sustainable aquatic food production, there is a need for new microbial management strategies that focus on ‘join them’ and not the traditional ‘beat them’ approaches. We argue that ecological theory could serve as a foundation for developing sustainable microbial management methods that prevent pathogenic disease in larviculture. Management of the water microbiota in aquaculture systems according to ecological selection principles has been shown to decrease opportunistic pathogen pressure and to result in an improved performance of the cultured animals. We hypothesize that manipulation of the biodiversity of the gut microbiota can increase the host’s resistance against pathogenic invasion and infection. However, substantial barriers need to be overcome before active management of the intestinal microbiota can effectively be applied in larviculture.
Genome-wide survey of tissue-specific microRNA and transcription factor regulatory networks in 12 tissues
Authors: Guo Zhiyun , Maki Miranda , Ding Ruofan , Yang Yalan , zhang Bao , Xiong Lili
Published: June 2014

Tissue-specific miRNAs (TS miRNA) specifically expressed in particular tissues play an important role in tissue identity, differentiation and function. However, transcription factor (TF) and TS miRNA regulatory networks across multiple tissues have not been systematically studied. Here, we manually extracted 116 TS miRNAs and systematically investigated the regulatory network of TF-TS miRNA in 12 human tissues. We identified 2,347 TF-TS miRNA regulatory relations and revealed that most TF binding sites tend to enrich close to the transcription start site of TS miRNAs. Furthermore, we found TS miRNAs were regulated widely by non-tissue specific TFs and the tissue-specific expression level of TF have a close relationship with TF-genes regulation. Finally, we describe TSmiR (http://bioeng.swjtu.edu.cn/TSmiR), a novel and web-searchable database that houses interaction maps of TF-TS miRNA in 12 tissues. Taken together, these observations provide a new suggestion to better understand the regulatory network and mechanisms of TF-TS miRNAs underlying different tissues.
Synthesis of 3′-deoxy-3′-fluorothymidine (FLT) 5′-O-glucuronide: a reference standard for imaging studies with [18F]FLT
Authors: Harnor Suzannah J. , Rennison Tommy , Galler Martin , Cano Celine , Griffin Roger J. , Newell David R. , Golding Bernard T.
Published: June 2014

The de novo synthesis of 3′-deoxy-3′-fluorothymidine-5′-O-glucuronide enabled both the analysis of this reference standard by HPLC and identification of the metabolite in a blood sample from a patient administered [18F]FLT.
Zero net-flow in capillary electrophoresis using acrylamide based hydrogel
Authors: Wuethrich Alain , Haddad Paul R. , Quirino Joselito P.
Published: June 2014

Zero net-flow was observed when acrylamide based hydrogel was used in a vial at one end of a fused-silica capillary during electrophoresis with electroosmotic flow.
Rapid, highly sensitive detection of herpes simplex virus-1 using multiple antigenic peptide-coated superparamagnetic beads
Authors: Ran Ying-Fen , Fields Conor , Muzard Julien , Liauchuk Viktoryia , Carr Michael , Hall William , Lee Gil U.
Published: June 2014

We demonstrate a label free assay employing scattering to determine the aggregation state of peptide-functionalized superparamagnetic beads. HSV-1 virus at 200 virus particles per mL was detected in 30 min, demonstrating potential use in point of care testing.
Construction of a new versatile point-of-care testing device with electrochemical detection employing paper as a microfluidic platform
Authors: Silva E. T. S. G. , Santhiago M. , Barragan J. T. C. , Kubota L. T.
Published: June 2014

An electrochemical device for use in point of care testing based on a paper microfluidic platform.
Template-assisted in situ polymerization for forming blue organic light-emitting nanotubes
Authors: Lee Li-Chi , Han Han , Tsai Yu-Tang , Fan Gang-Lun , Liu Hsiang-Fang , Wu Chung-Chih , Shyue Jing-Jong , Sun Shih-Sheng , Liu Chien-Liang , Chou Pi-Tai , Wong Ken-Tsung
Published: June 2014

The nanotubes generated within anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) were filled with Fe3O4 nanoparticles to form blue fluorescent and magnetic nanocomposites.
Polymeric micelle assembly for the direct synthesis of functionalized mesoporous silica with fully accessible Pt nanoparticles toward an improved CO oxidation reaction
Authors: Bastakoti Bishnu Prasad , Li Yunqi , Miyamoto Nobuyoshi , Sanchez-Ballester Noelia M. , Abe Hideki , Ye Jinhua , Srinivasu Pavuluri , Yamauchi Yusuke
Published: June 2014

Pt-decorated mesoporous silica is directly prepared through a polymeric micelles assembly approach using an asymmetric triblock copolymer.
NiSb alloy hollow nanospheres as anode materials for rechargeable lithium ion batteries
Authors: Hou Hongshuai , Cao Xiaoyu , Yang Yingchang , Fang Laibing , Pan Chengchi , Yang Xuming , Song Weixin , Ji Xiaobo
Published: June 2014

NiSb alloy hollow nanospheres (HNSs) obtained by galvanic replacement were firstly applied as anode materials for lithium ion batteries, giving the best electrochemical performances for NiSb alloy materials so far with a high reversible capacity of 420 mA h g−1after 50 cycles, close to its theoretical capacity (446 mA h g−1).
Direct catalytic oxyamination of benzene to aniline over Cu(ii) nanoclusters supported on CuCr2O4 spinel nanoparticles via simultaneous activation of C–H and N–H bonds
Authors: Acharyya Shankha S. , Ghosh Shilpi , Bal Rajaram
Published: June 2014

We report the facile synthesis of a highly efficient, reusable catalyst comprising Cu(ii) nanoclusters supported on CuCr2O4 spinel nanoparticles for the oxyamination of benzene to aniline (H2O2 + NH3) under mild aqueous reaction conditions.
Nonclassical dual control of circularly polarized luminescence modes of binaphthyl–pyrene organic fluorophores in fluidic and glassy media
Authors: Nakabayashi Kazuki , Amako Tomoyuki , Tajima Nobuo , Fujiki Michiya , Imai Yoshitane
Published: June 2014

The fluorescent modes and signs of the circularly polarized luminescence of an axially chiral binaphthyl–pyrene organic fluorophore were successfully controlled by changing from a fluidic chloroform solution to a glassy poly(methyl methacrylate) solid film.
Chemoselective arylation of phenols with bromo-nitroarenes: synthesis of nitro-biaryl-ols and their conversion into benzofurans and carbazoles
Authors: Kumar Amit , Yadav Abhimanyu , Verma Ajay , Jana Sadhan , Sattar Moh. , Kumar Shailesh , Prasad Ch. Durga , Kumar Sangit
Published: June 2014

A series of substituted phenols were chemoselectively arylated with bromo-nitroarenes using KOtBu at room temperature via an SNAr pathway.
Dual pH-triggered multistage drug delivery systems based on host–guest interaction-associated polymeric nanogels
Authors: Zan Minghui , Li Junjie , Luo Shizhong , Ge Zhishen
Published: June 2014

The multistage polymeric nanogel delivery systems were constructed via host–guest interactions, which showed tumor acidity-triggered disassembly into smaller nanoparticles for deep tissue penetration, high-efficiency cellular uptake, and intracellular endo-lysosomal pH-responsive drug release.
Mechanically resolving noncovalent bonds using acoustic radiation force
Authors: De Silva Lashan , Yao Li , Xu Shoujun
Published: June 2014

Acoustic radiation force can precisely resolve noncovalent molecular bindings based on force-induced remnant magnetization spectroscopy.
Highly effective copper-mediated gem-difluoromethylenation of arylboronic acids
Authors: Ma Guobin , Wan Wen , Hu Qingyang , Jiang Haizhen , Wang Jing , Zhu Shizheng , Hao Jian
Published: June 2014

A simple and highly efficient Cu-mediated gem-difluoromethylenation of a variety of aryl boronic acids with bromodifluoromethylated heterocyclic compounds has been disclosed. The transformations were performed in air at room temperature without ligands, bases, or additives.
A tetraphenylethene-based caged compound: synthesis, properties and applications
Authors: Yu Chris Y. Y. , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Mei Ju , Hong Yuning , Chen Sijie , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2014

A tetraphenylethene-based caged compound is induced to emit strong cyan emission in aggregated state by UV irradiation. This property enables it to be applied in photo-patterning and anti-counterfeiting related areas.
Dynamics of water molecules and sodium ions in solid hydrates of nucleotides
Authors: Dračínský Martin , Šála Michal , Hodgkinson Paul
Published: June 2014

The dynamics of the co-ordinating water and metal cations in solid hydrates of nucleotide salts is explored with solid-state NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
Syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties of six coordination polymers based on 4,5-di(4′-carboxylphenyl)phthalic acid and different bis(imidazole) bridging linkers
Authors: Fan Liming , Gao Yan , Liu Guangzeng , Fan Weiliu , Song Weikuo , Sun Liming , Zhao Xian , Zhang Xiutang
Published: June 2014

Six multi-dimensional metal–organic polymers based on 4,5-di(4′-carboxylphenyl)phthalic acid and bis(imidazole) bridging linkers were synthesized and characterized.
Control of higher-order structures of zinc chlorophyll coordination polymers
Authors: Shinozaki Y. , Yoshikawa I. , Araki K. , Sugawa K. , Otsuki J.
Published: June 2014

The higher-order structures of the zinc chlorophyll coordination polymers were controlled by the regiochemistry of the coordination sites.
Photocatalytic reduction of o-chloronitrobenzene under visible light irradiation over CdS quantum dot sensitized TiO2
Authors: Chang Pingjing , Cheng Haiyang , Li Wei , Zhuo Linhai , He Limin , Yu Yancun , Zhao Fengyu
Published: June 2014

CdS QDs-P25 was prepared by tethering CdS QDs with P25 through l-cysteine, and exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light. The photocatalytic reduction mechanism over CdS QDs-P25 was found to be a hydrogen transfer process between o-CNB and HCOOH molecules.
Dual descriptor and molecular electrostatic potential: complementary tools for the study of the coordination chemistry of ambiphilic ligands
Authors: Guégan Frédéric , Mignon Pierre , Tognetti Vincent , Joubert Laurent , Morell Christophe
Published: June 2014

The possibility to retrieve the coordinating properties of ligands by a combined dual descriptor and molecular electrostatic potential analysis is shown, yielding a potentially predictive tool of their ambiphilicity and selectivity.
How disorder controls the kinetics of triplet charge recombination in semiconducting organic polymer photovoltaics
Authors: Bittner Eric R. , Lankevich Vladimir , Gélinas Simon , Rao Akshay , Ginger David A. , Friend Richard H.
Published: June 2014

Theoretical models of polymer–fullerene interfaces indicate that inhomogeneous broadening of fullerene energy levels introduces strong coupling between the interfacial 3CT and nearby fullerene triplet excitons that can enhance the decay of these states in systems with higher degrees of energetic disorder.
Synthesis, protonation equilibrium and peculiar thermal decomposition behavior of cyclo-tri-μ-imidotetraphosphate
Authors: Maki Hideshi , Ryousi Kazuomi , Nariai Hiroyuki , Mizuhata Minoru
Published: June 2014

The synthesis and isolation of the sodium salt ofcyclo-tri-μ-imidotetraphosphate,i.e.Na4cP4O9(NH)3·H2O, were achieved by the hydrolysis of Na4cP4O8(NH)4·2H2O under very weak acidic conditions,i.e.using 0.2 mol L−1propionic acid and the pH-controlled recrystallization procedure.
Facile base-free in situ generation and palladation of mesoionic and normal N-heterocyclic carbenes at ambient conditions
Authors: Sureshbabu Bemineni , Ramkumar Venkatachalam , Sankararaman Sethuraman
Published: June 2014

Synthesis of normal and mesoionic N-heterocyclic carbene Pd(ii) complexes in near quantitative yields from the corresponding NHC precursor salts under base free and ambient conditions is reported.
Diffusion induced effects on geometry of Ge nanowires
Authors: Rezvani S. J. , Pinto N. , Boarino L. , Celegato F. , Favre L. , Berbezier I.
Published: June 2014

We report the geometry modifications of VLS grown Ge nanowires resulting from a change in adatoms' diffusion length and direction, caused by the deposition flux.
Gd-containing conjugated polymer nanoparticles: bimodal nanoparticles for fluorescence and MRI imaging
Authors: Hashim Zeina , Green Mark , Chung Pei Hua , Suhling Klaus , Protti Andrea , Phinikaridou Alkystis , Botnar Rene , Khanbeigi Raha Ahmad , Thanou Maya , Dailey Lea Ann , Commander Nicola J. , Rowland Caroline , Scott Jo , Jenner Dominic
Published: June 2014

In this report, we describe the synthesis and use of bifunctional Gd-containing semiconductor polymer nanoparticles (SPNs).
Highly efficient and low voltage silver nanowire-based OLEDs employing a n-type hole injection layer
Authors: Lee Hyungjin , Lee Donghwa , Ahn Yumi , Lee Eun-Woo , Park Lee Soon , Lee Youngu
Published: June 2014

The organic light-emitting diodes with an AgNW transparent conducting electrode exhibit remarkable mechanical flexibility and excellent device characteristics such as very low turn-on voltage and extremely high current and power efficiencies.
All solution processed low turn-on voltage near infrared LEDs based on core–shell PbS–CdS quantum dots with inverted device structure
Authors: Sanchez Rafael S. , Binetti Enrico , Torre Jose A. , Garcia-Belmonte G. , Striccoli Marinella , Mora-Sero Ivan
Published: June 2014

Highly luminescent PbS-CdS quantum dots are used for the fabrication of all-solution processed NIR-Light Emitting Devices (LEDs) with inverse configuration on large area.
From gold porphyrins to gold nanoparticles: catalytic nanomaterials for glucose oxidation
Authors: Elouarzaki Kamal , Le Goff Alan , Holzinger Michael , Agnès Charles , Duclairoir Florence , Putaux Jean-Luc , Cosnier Serge
Published: June 2014

The electrooxidation of glucose by carbon nanotube coating functionalized by gold porphyrins and gold nanoparticles used as heterogeneous catalysts.
A unifying mechanism for the rearrangement of vinyl allene oxide geometric isomers to cyclopentenones
Authors: González-Pérez Adán B. , Grechkin Alexander , de Lera Ángel R.
Published: June 2014

Z-Vinyl allene oxides are predicted to rearrange with high fidelity to stereodefined cyclopentenones through intermediate cyclopropanones.
1,2-cis Alkyl glycosides: straightforward glycosylation from unprotected 1-thioglycosyl donors
Authors: Meng Bo , Zhu Zhenqian , Baker David C.
Published: June 2014

A simple, straightforward 1,2-cis-selective glycosidation method from an unprotected 1-thioglycoside is presented.
A facile route to 5-methyl-5H-indeno[1,2-c]quinolones via palladium-catalyzed cyclization of 2-alkynylbromobenzenes with N,N-dimethyl-2-alkynylanilines
Authors: Pan Xiaolin , Luo Yong , Kuang Yunyan , Li Guangming
Published: June 2014

A tandem reaction catalyzed by palladium is developed to provide a facile and simple route for the synthesis of 5-methyl-5H-indeno[1,2-c]quinolones.
Synthesis of 4-methyl-N′-(3-alkyl-2r,6c-diarylpiperidin-4-ylidene)-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carbohydrazides with antioxidant, antitumor and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Paulrasu Kodisundaram , Duraikannu Arul , Palrasu Manikandan , Shanmugasundaram Amirthaganesan , Kuppusamy Murugavel , Thirunavukkarasu Balasankar
Published: June 2014

The structures of the newly synthesized 4-methyl-N′-(3-alkyl-2r,6c-diarylpiperidin-4-ylidene)-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carbohydrazide (5a–5l) were confirmed by spectral and elemental analysis.
Iron-catalyzed radical aryldifluoromethylation of activated alkenes to difluoromethylated oxindoles
Authors: Wang Jian-Yong , Zhang Xin , Bao Yan , Xu Yue-Ming , Cheng Xiu-Fen , Wang Xi-Sheng
Published: June 2014

An iron-catalyzed aryldifluoromethylation of activated alkenes has been developed, which is a rare example where a cosolvent is used to improve the yield along with Fenton's reagent.
A new class of high-contrast Fe(ii) selective fluorescent probes based on spirocyclized scaffolds for visualization of intracellular labile iron delivered by transferrin
Authors: Niwa Masato , Hirayama Tasuku , Okuda Kensuke , Nagasawa Hideko
Published: June 2014

A new class of high-contrast Fe(ii) selective fluorescent probes based on spirocyclized scaffolds were developed to visualize transferrin-delivered intracellular labile iron.
Organophosphonic acids as viable linkers for the covalent attachment of polyelectrolyte brushes on silica and mica surfaces
Authors: Borozenko Olga , Machado Vivian , Skene W. G. , Giasson Suzanne
Published: June 2014

We report the first successful preparation of polyelectrolyte brushes using an ATRP initiator that was covalently grafted to silica and mica substrates via an organophosphonic acid.
Electrochemical properties of high-voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 synthesized by a solid-state method
Authors: Lv Yan-Zhuo , Jin Yan-Zhang , Xue Yuan , Wu Jin , Zhang Xiao-Gang , Wang Zhen-Bo
Published: June 2014

The high-voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 synthesized at 850 °C for 12 h and sintered at 600 °C for 6 h exhibits excellently cycling stability from industrial raw materials in bulk scale (>0.5 kg).
Adsorption and hydrogenation mechanism of crotonaldehyde on a Pd(111) surface by periodic DFT calculations
Authors: Shi Wei , Zhang Lianyang , Ni Zheming , Xiao Xuechun , Xia Shengjie
Published: June 2014

The parallel adsorption of crotonaldehyde to the Pd(111) surface at the fcc–hcp site through the CC and CO is the most stable. The full hydrogenation mechanism follows the steps O → C2 → C3 → C1 to generate the product of n-butane. For the partial hydrogenation, the 1,4-addition is identified as a primary mechanism.
A turn-on fluorescent probe for imaging lysosomal hydrogen sulfide in living cells
Authors: Qiao Qinglong , Zhao Miao , Lang Haijing , Mao Deqi , Cui Jingnan , Xu Zhaochao
Published: June 2014

A 1,8-naphthalimide-derived fluorescent probe for lysosomal H2S based on the reduction of azide is reported.
Caspase-responsive smart gadolinium-based contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging of drug-induced apoptosis
Authors: Ye Deju , Shuhendler Adam J. , Pandit Prachi , Brewer Kimberly D. , Tee Sui Seng , Cui Lina , Tikhomirov Grigory , Rutt Brian , Rao Jianghong
Published: June 2014

A strategy of using controlled self-assembly of caspase-3/7-sensitive Gd-based MR contrast agent is demonstrated for non-invasive monitoring of drug-induced tumor cell death in mice.
Dynamics of self-threading ring polymers in a gel
Authors: Michieletto Davide , Marenduzzo Davide , Orlandini Enzo , Alexander Gareth P. , Turner Matthew S.
Published: June 2014

We study the dynamics of ring polymers confined to diffuse in a background gel at low concentrations.
Crosslinked polyaniline nanorods with improved electrochemical performance as electrode material for supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Xue , Deng Jinxing , Duan Xiaojuan , Liu Dong , Guo Jinshan , Liu Peng
Published: June 2014

Crosslinked polyaniline was synthesized via chemical oxidative copolymerization to achieve improved electrochemical performance.