bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Automated Electronic System in a Motorized Wheelchair for Telemonitoring: Mixed Methods Study Based on Internet of Things (Preprint)
Authors: Câmara Gradim Luma Carolina , Santana André Luiz Maciel , Archanjo José Marcelo , Zuffo Marcelo Knörich , Lopes Roseli de Deus
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Wheelchair positioning systems can prevent postural deficits and pressure injuries. However, a more effective professional follow-up is needed to assess and monitor positioning according to the specificities and clinical conditions of each user.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to present the concept of an electronic system embedded in a motorized wheelchair, based on the Internet of Things (IoT), for automated positioning as part of a study on wheelchairs and telemonitoring.

METHODS

We conducted a mixed methods study with a user-centered design approach, interviews with 16 wheelchair users and 66 professionals for the development of system functions, and a formative assessment of 5 participants with descriptive analysis to design system concepts.

RESULTS

We presented a new wheelchair system with hardware and software components developed based on coparticipation with singular components in an IoT architecture. In an IoT solution, the incorporation of sensors from the inertial measurement unit was crucial. These sensors were vital for offering alternative methods to monitor and control the tilt and recline functions of a wheelchair. This monitoring and control could be achieved autonomously through a smartphone app. In addition, this capability addressed the requirements of real users.

CONCLUSIONS

The technologies presented in this system can benefit telemonitoring and favor real feedback, allowing quality provision of health services to wheelchair users. User-centered development favored development with specific functions to meet the real demands of users. We emphasize the importance of future studies on the correlation between diagnoses and the use of the system in a real environment to help professionals in treatment.
Roles and responsibilities of the global specialist digital health workforce: analysis of global census data (Preprint)
Authors: Butler-Henderson Kerryn , Gray Kathleen , Arabi Salma
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

The Global Specialist Digital Health Workforce Census is the largest workforce survey of the specialist roles that support the development, use, management, and governance of health data, health information, health knowledge, and health technology.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this paper is to present the analysis of the roles and the functions reported by respondents in the 2023 Census.

METHODS

The 2023 Census was deployed using Qualtrics® and was open between 1 July to 13 August 2023. A broad definition was provided to guide respondents about who is in the specialist digital health workforce. Anyone who self-identifies as being part of this workforce could undertake the survey. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and thematic analysis of the functions respondents reported in their roles.

RESULTS

A total of 1,103 respondents completed the Census, with data reported about their demographic information and their roles. The majority of respondents live in Australia (870, 78.9%) or New Zealand (130, 11.8%), with most (56.3%) aged between 35-54 years and identifying as female (65.3%). The top four occupational specialties were Health informatics (179, 20.2%), Health information management (175, 19.8%), Health information technology (128, 14.4%), and Health librarianship (104, 11.7%). Nearly all (797, 90.0%) of participants identified as a Manager or Professional. Less than half (42.2%) had a formal qualification in a specialist digital health area and only a quarter (26.0%) held a credential in a digital health area. Whilst two-thirds (65.7%) reported undertaking professional development in the last year, most was self-directed activities, such as seeking information or consuming online content. Work undertaken by specialist digital health workers could be classified as either leadership, functional, occupational or technological.

CONCLUSIONS

Future specialist digital health workforce capability frameworks should include the aspects of leadership, function, occupation, and technology. This largely unqualified workforce is undertaking little formal professional development to upskill them to continue to support the safe delivery and management of health and care through the use of digital data and technology.

CLINICALTRIAL

None
Xây dựng các video clips nói tiếng Anh để quảng bá cộng đồng và phát triển kỹ năng nói
Authors: Phạm Ngọc Vân Anh , Phạm Quang Minh , Nguyễn Thị Thể Hà , Phạm Quang Huy
Published: November 2023

Quảng bá cộng đồng trở nên phổ biến trong thời gian gần đây, nhất là qua hình ảnh video clip. Xây dựng video clip tiếng Anh quảng bá giúp phát triển kỹ năng nói trong học sinh trung học phổ thông (THPT). Nghiên cứu này tìm hiểu nhận thức của giáo viên và học sinh về phát triển kỹ năng nói tiếng Anh và các hoạt động xây dựng video clip quảng bá mà thông qua đó phát triển kỹ năng nói tiếng Anh. Trong nghiên cứu, các tác giả trình bày chuổi các hoạt động của Dự án Panorama cho ra sản phẩm video clip quảng bá cộng đồng. Sau đó đăng video clip lên trang Youtube và chia sẻ đến các mạng xã hội khác. Người tham gia xem video clip và trả lời bảng câu hỏi về chủ đề. Số liệu thu thập từ 1.304 giáo viên và học sinh (n=1.304), trong đó có 608 giáo viên và 696 học sinh THPT. Kết quả chỉ ra giáo viên và học sinh rất quan tâm đến các hoạt động phát triển kỹ năng nói tiếng Anh mặc dù môi trường thực hành có hạn chế. Cả giáo viên và học sinh đồng ý rất cao với xây dựng video clip quảng bá cộng đồng qua đó phát triển kỹ năng nói tiếng Anh trong học sinh THPT.
Thực trạng và giải pháp thúc đẩy hoạt động nghiên cứu khoa học của giảng viên Trường Đại học Cần Thơ
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Linh , Trần Lan Anh
Published: November 2023

Trong xu hướng kiểm định chất lượng giáo dục đại học hiện đại thì hoạt động nghiên cứu khoa học là một trong những tiêu chí quan trọng để đánh giá chất lượng đội ngũ giảng viên của chương trình đào tạo đó. Trong phạm vi bài biết, tác giả tập trung làm rõ ba vấn đề chính: khái niệm hoạt động nghiên cứu khoa học, thực trạng hoạt động nghiên cứu khoa học và kiến nghị nâng cao năng lực nghiên cứu khoa học của giảng viên nhằm góp phần nâng cao chất lượng đào tạo. Trong phần phân tích thực trạng, tác giả tập trung nghiên cứu trường hợp tại Trường Đại học Cần Thơ là một trường đại học đa ngành lớn có vị thế trụ cột trong hệ thống giáo dục bậc cao của Việt Nam. Bài viết sử dụng phương pháp điều tra bằng bảng hỏi đối với 180 giảng viên Trường Đại học Cần Thơ. Kết quả khảo sát cho thấy, giảng viên có nhận thấy được tầm quan trọng của việc nghiên cứu khoa học tuy nhiên phạm vi nghiên cứu còn tập trung trong nước và vào một số ngành thế mạnh của trường: 80% giảng viên cho rằng hoạt động nghiên cứu khoa học đối với giảng viên là quan trọng; chỉ 21% giảng viên được khảo sát cho rằng họ không gặp khó khăn trong việc công bố quốc tế.
Đánh giá bước đầu mật số tuyến trùng ký sinh cây mía canh tác chuyên canh và luân canh tại huyện Phụng Hiệp, tỉnh Hậu Giang
Authors: Trần Thu Trâm , Nguyễn Gia Huy , Trần Vũ Phến
Published: November 2023

Thành phần tuyến trùng ký sinh liên quan đến cây mía trên vùng đất chuyên canh và luân canh lúa - mía tại huyện Phụng Hiệp, tỉnh Hậu Giang được khảo sát. Tuyến trùng từ mẫu đất và rễ được ly trích dựa vào phương pháp Baermann cải tiến. Kết quả ghi nhận được 6 giống tuyến trùng, trong đó giống Tylenchorhynchus với tần suất cao nhất (100%) gồm 4 loài được xác định là Tylenchorhynchus leviterminalis, Tylenchorhynchus nudus, Helicotylenchus crenacauda và Hirschmanniella mucronata; giống Hirschmanniella chỉ hiện diện ở vùng đất luân canh lúa - mía. Căn cứ vào những chỉ số đặc điểm các quần xã, loài T. leviterminalis quan trọng trên cả 2 mô hình chuyên canh và luân canh lúa - mía. So sánh đặc điểm của quần xã tuyến trùng ký sinh giữa 2 mô hình canh tác mía, kết quả bước đầu cho thấy mô hình luân canh lúa - mía không đạt hiệu quả trong quản lý tuyến trùng ký sinh cây mía.
La diversidad de macromicetos y mixomicetos de Colima, México, con registros nuevos
Authors: Hernández-Navarro Eduardo , Olivares-Beltrán Jesús , Bautista-Hernández Silvia , Sierra Sigfrido
Published: November 2023

La diversidad fúngica de Colima, México ha sido escasamente estudiada con solo 80 especies de hongos macroscópicos no liquenizados y 2 especies de mixomicetos reportadas. La mayoría de los registros corresponden al siglo pasado y se han enfocado en las zonas templadas del estado. Se presenta un estudio de la diversidad de hongos macroscópicos y mixomicetos en Colima, México, con registros nuevos. Se llevaron a cabo muestreos en 8 localidades de 6 municipios, incluyendo zonas urbanas. Se adicionan 38 registros nuevos, de los cuales 5 pertenecen a Ascomycota, 21 a Basidiomycota y 12 a mixomicetos. Los géneros mejor representados en los muestreos fueron Geastrum (5 especies) y Didymium (3 especies). Geastrum chamelense e Itajahya galericulata corresponden al segundo y tercer registro nacional, respectivamente. Se aumenta a 106 el número de registros de especies de hongos y a 14 el de mixomicetos, dando un total de 120 taxones. Se sugiere realizar muestreos más extensos en zonas no exploradas, con énfasis en los grupos de hongos menos estudiados, tales como ascomicetos y basidiomicetos como hongos ramarioides, gasteroides y gelatinosos, así como cultivos en cámara húmeda para mixomicetos.
A new species of Anthonomus (Coleoptera: Curculioninae: Anthonomini) in the Anthonomus squamosus species group associated with Tiliaceae (Malvales)
Authors: Soto-Hernández Macotulio
Published: November 2023

Anthonomus petrus Soto-Hernández n. sp. is described based on specimens collected from Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico (Chiapas, Michoacán and Zacatecas); it is associated with Heliocarpus and Triunffeta (Malvales: Tiliaceae). The species can be easily recognized by the following diagnostic characters: rostrum in both sexes with distinct, elongate scales present beyond point of antennal insertion; body elongate-oval, length 2.1-2.8 mm, body and rostrum with uniform vestiture of elongate, ochreous scales; rostrum toward apex slightly expanded; scape longer than funicle and club combined; scutellum convex and triangular.
Tafsir Tabari to Surah «Al-Fātiha». Translation from Arabic and Comments. Part 3: Ayats 4–5
Authors: Frolov D. V. , Zaripov I. A.
Published: November 2023

This article continues a series of publications of the commented translation into Russian of the interpretation to the Surah “al-Fatiha” (No. 1) by the founder of classical Muslim exegesis Muḥammad ibn Jarīr aṭ-Ṭabari (839–923) from the book “Jāmi‘ al-bayān fī ta’wīl al- Qur’ān” (The Comprehensive Exposition of the interpretation of the Qur’ān). This part contains sections devoted to ayats 4–5 of this surah. Based on examples of pre-Islamic and Early Islamic poetry and traditions of the “ancient fathers” of the Ummah, the etymology and interpretation of the words used in them: ‘ubūdiyyā “worship”, hidāya “guidance” and ṣirāṭ “path” are given. In this part, the theologian also examines the variants of worlds order in the syntactic construction of the 4th verse and justifi es the grammatical necessity of repeating the iya-ka in it. A special place is devoted to the theological polemic with the Qadarites on the issue of the essence of Divine attributes and determinism.
On Perception of Historical Time in Modern Islam
Authors: Kyrchanov M. W.
Published: November 2023

In this article, the author examines the main features of the perception of historical time in the Arab, Iranian and Indonesian Muslim intellectual traditions in a comparative perspective. The purpose of the article is to analyze the images of “historical time” and its derivatives in the modern liberal segment of the Ummah. Therefore, the author analyzes 1) the peculiarities of the perception of historical time by liberal Muslim intellectuals, 2) the directions of assimilation of Western humanities methods, 3) the prospects for transforming the perception of historical time in the modern humanitarian situation through the prism of rising interdisciplinarity. Methodologically, the article is based on the principles proposed in interdisciplinary historiography, proposed in intellectual history and new cultural history through the prism of imaginative and interventionist turns. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of common and unique features of the perception of historical time and its derivatives by modern Muslim liberal intellectuals. The results of the study suggest that 1) Islam has become an important factor in the perception of “historical time”, 2) the categories of “event history” and “historical progress” are reduced to the history of the progressive development and spread of Islam, 3) the transplantation of Western interdisciplinary epistemology has become an important factor in the invention of historical time.
Bigi as Marjani’s Follower
Authors: Yuzeev A. N.
Published: November 2023

The paper deals with two aspects of continuity of religious and philosophical views of the Tatar thinkers Sh. Marjani and M. Bigi. The fi rst is about the universality of divine grace. Marjani, in his “Book on Mature Wisdom that Helps to Explain the Hanafi Creed», gave arguments according to which the decision on this issue remains with the Almighty. Bigi in the “Proofs of Divine Mercy” asserted the inevitability of salvation for all the peoples of the world. The second aspect is about ‘aqida, kalam and ĳ - tihad. Despite the more than fi fty-year diff erence in the time of the publication of their views by two Tatar thinkers, they are basically identical: for the progress of the Tatar nation, Islam requires the “purifi cation” of ‘aqida from Kalam layers, in Muslim education — the replacement of Kalam with secular sciences and the adoption of ĳ tihad based on primary sources — the Qur’an, Sunnah and ĳ ma‘.
Palladium-catalyzed [4+2] and [6+2] dipolar cycloadditions for the construction of benzo[d]isothiazole 1,1-dioxide fused 1,3-oxazinanes and 1,3-oxazocanes
Authors: Chen Lei , Xie Hongling , Xue Yu , Han Zhengyu , Sun Jianwei , Huang Hai
Published: November 2023

The Pd-catalyzed dipolar cycloaddition represents a significant
synthetic strategy for the construction of useful heterocyclic
com-pounds. This study developed the dipolar [4+2] and [6+2]
cycloaddition reactions of benzo[d]isothiazole 1,1-dioxides (BDs)
leading to the synthesis of BD-fused 1,3-oxazinane and 1,3-oxazocane
derivatives, respectively. In particular, the synthesis of BD-fused
1,3-oxazinanes demonstrated regio- and enantioselective characteristics,
resulting in products with good yields, enantioselectivity and
regioselectivity (if applicable). Furthermore, the [6+2]
cycloaddition reaction developed in this work represented the first
strat-egy for the synthesis of medium-sized ring compounds based on BDs.
Combustion characteristics and flame stability of propane-air mixtures in flow tube reactors with heat-recirculating structures
Authors: Brown Christopher , Chen Junjie
Published: November 2023

The characteristics of catalytically stabilized combustion in
micro-scale heat-recirculating systems remain poorly understood and
warrant further study due to extremely complex interactions not only
between kinetics and transport but also between heterogeneous and
homogeneous reactions. This study is focused mainly upon the essential
combustion characteristics of propane-air mixtures in flow tube reactors
with a heat-recirculating structure. Computational fluid dynamics
simulations are performed to gain a greater understanding of the
mechanisms of flame stabilization. The essential factors affecting flame
stability and combustion characteristics are determined in order to
obtain design insights. The results indicate that both chemical and
thermal environments are improved with the catalytically stabilized
combustion method and the heat-recirculating structure. The design
incorporates the best features of both catalytic combustion and thermal
flame methods. The system is essentially free of mass transfer
limitations. The flow velocity, wall thermal conductivity, equivalence
ratio, exterior heat losses are important factors in determining the
performance of the system. Stable operation of the system is limited to
a relatively wide flow regime, and the flow velocity is critical to
achieving flame stability. There is an optimum wall thermal conductivity
in terms of flame stability. The system with a moderate wall thermal
conductivity will be most robust against the surrounding conditions.
Excess enthalpy combustion can occur in an efficient and rapid manner,
resulting from the injection of free radicals and heat produced by the
catalytic reaction. Blowout shifts homogeneous combustion downstream
significantly without substantially reducing the reaction rate.

Keywords: Combustion characteristics; Flame stability; Heat
recirculation; Catalytic combustion; Homogeneous combustion;
Computational fluid dynamics
Anelastic Convective Entities: formulation and properties
Authors: Kuo Yi-Hung , Neelin J David
Published: November 2023

A formulation based on the anelastic approximation yields time-dependent
simulations of convective updrafts, downdrafts and other aspects of
convection-such as stratiform layers-under reasonably flexible geometry
assumptions. Termed anelastic convective entities (ACEs), such
realizations can aid understanding of convective processes, and
potentially provide time-dependent building blocks for parameterization
at a complexity between steady-plume models and cloud-resolving
simulations. Even for cases deliberately formulated to provide a
comparison to a traditional convective plume, ACE behavior differs
substantially because dynamic entrainment, detrainment and
nonhydrostatic perturbation pressure are consistently included.
Entrainment varies with the evolution of the entity but behavior akin to
deep-inflow effects noted in observations emerges naturally. The
magnitude of mass flux with nonlocal pressure effects consistently
included is smaller than for a corresponding traditional steady-plume
model. ACE solutions do not necessarily approach a steady state even
with fixed environment but can exhibit chains of rising thermals, and
even episodic deep convection. The inclusion of nonlocal dynamics allows
a developing updraft to tunnel through layers with substantial
convective inhibition (CIN). For cases of nighttime continental
convection using GoAmazon soundings, this is found to greatly reduce the
effect of surface-inversion CIN. The observed convective cold top is
seen as an inherent property of the solution, both in a transient,
rising phase and as a persistent feature in mature deep convection. An
embedded ACE configuration allows stratiform cloud formation by
time-dependent detrainment modified by dynamic feedbacks during the
grid-scale adjustment process. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Convective storms
cause hazardous events such as flooding, often with economic losses.
Forecasting such events and how they change in a warming climate for
mitigation planning is hard. In modern numerical weather and climate
models, one issue standing out is that model cannot satisfactorily
simulate nighttime storms over land commonly observed over, for
instance, the North American Great Plains or the Amazon basin. Here, we
propose a new model-named anelastic convective entity (ACE)-with two
purposes in mind: (i) to be useful for improving numerical models; and
(ii) to help understand convective processes in general. Preliminary
results covered here are promising, especially for the nighttime
convection problem.
Identification of Source Faults of Large Earthquakes in the Turkey-Syria Border Region Between AD 1000 and the Present, and their Relevance for the 2023 Mw 7.8 Pazarcık Earthquake
Authors: Carena Sara , Friedrich Anke , Verdecchia Alessandro , Kahle Beth , Rieger Stefanie , Kübler Simon
Published: November 2023

The February 6, 2023, M 7.8
Pazarcık earthquake in the Turkey-Syria border region raises the
question of whether such a large earthquake could have been foreseen, as
well as what is the maximum possible magnitude (M) of
earthquakes on the East Anatolian fault system and on continental
transform faults in general. To answer such questions, knowledge of past
earthquakes and of their causative faults is necessary. Here, we
integrate data from historical seismology, paleoseismology,
archeoseismology, and remote sensing to identify the likely source
faults of fourteen M ≥ 7 earthquakes between AD 1000
and the present in the region. We find that the 2023 Pazarcık earthquake
could have been foreseen in terms of location (the East Anatolian Fault)
and timing (an earthquake along this fault was if anything overdue), but
not magnitude. We hypothesize that the maximum earthquake magnitude for
the East Anatolian Fault is in fact 8.2, i.e. a single end-to-end
rupture of the entire fault, and that the 2023 Pazarcık earthquake did
not reach M by a fortuitous combination of
circumstances. We conclude that such unusually large events are hard to
model in terms of recurrence intervals, and that seismic hazard
assessment along continental transforms cannot be done on individual
fault systems but must include neighboring systems as well, because they
are not kinematically independent at any time scale.
Simultaneous inference of sea ice state and surface emissivity model using machine learning and data assimilation
Authors: Geer Alan Jon
Published: November 2023

Satellite microwave radiance observations are strongly sensitive to sea
ice, but physical descriptions of the radiative transfer of sea ice and
snow are incomplete. Further, the radiative transfer is controlled by
poorly-known microstructural properties that vary strongly in time and
space. A consequence is that surface-sensitive microwave observations
are not assimilated over sea ice areas, and sea ice retrievals use
heuristic rather than physical methods. An empirical model for sea ice
radiative transfer would be helpful but it cannot be trained using
standard machine learning techniques because the inputs are mostly
unknown. The solution is to simultaneously train the empirical model and
a set of empirical inputs: an “empirical state” method, which draws on
both generative machine learning and physical data assimilation
methodology. A hybrid physical-empirical network describes the known and
unknown physics of sea ice and atmospheric radiative transfer. The
network is then trained to fit a year of radiance observations from
Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2), using the atmospheric
profiles, skin temperature and ocean water emissivity taken from a
weather forecasting system. This process estimates maps of the daily sea
ice concentration while also learning an empirical model for the sea ice
emissivity. The model learns to define its own empirical input space
along with daily maps of these empirical inputs. These maps represent
the otherwise unknown microstructural properties of the sea ice and snow
that affect the radiative transfer. This “empirical state” approach
could be used to solve many other problems of earth system data
assimilation.
Supercells and Tornado-like Vortices in an Idealized Global Atmosphere Model
Authors: Cheng Kai-Yuan , Lin Shian-jiann , Harris Lucas , Zhou Linjiong
Published: November 2023

We investigate the representation of individual supercells and
intriguing tornado-like vortices in a simplified, locally-refined global
atmosphere model. The model, featuring grid stretching, can locally
enhance the model resolution and economically reach the cloud-resolving
scale. Given an unstable sheared environment, the model can simulate
supercells realistically, with a near-ground vortex and funnel cloud at
the center of a rotating updraft reminiscent of a tornado. An analysis
of the vorticity budget suggests that the updraft core of the supercell
tilts environmental horizontal vorticity into the tornado-like vortex.
The updraft also acts to amplify the vortex through vertical stretching.
Results suggest that the simulated vortex is dynamically similar to
observed tornadoes and modeling studies at much higher horizontal
resolution.
Cloud Responses to Abrupt Solar and CO2 Forcing Part II: Adjustment to Forcing in Coupled Models
Authors: Aerenson Travis , Marchand Roger , Zhou Chen
Published: November 2023

In this paper we examine differences in cloud adjustments (often called
rapid adjustments) that occur as a direct result of abruptly increasing
the solar constant by 4% or abruptly quadrupling of atmospheric CO2. In
doing so, we devised a novel method for calculating the cloud
adjustments for the abrupt solar forcing experiment that uses
differences between coupled model simulations with abrupt solar and CO2
forcing, in combination with uncoupled, atmosphere-only, abrupt CO2
forced experiments that have prescribed sea-surface temperature. Our
main findings are that 1) there are substantial differences in the
response of stratocumulus and cumulus clouds to solar and CO2 forcing,
which follow the differences in the direct radiative effect that solar
and CO2 forcing have at cloud top, and 2) there are differences in the
adjustment of the average optical depth of high clouds to solar and CO2
forcing that we speculate are driven by the differences in the vertical
profile of radiative heating, and differences in the pattern of
sea-surface temperature change (for a fixed global mean temperature).
Such adjustments do contribute significantly to the total net cloud
radiative effect, even after 150 years of simulation.
Positive Late 20th-century Trend in Antarctic Snow Accumulation Drives Modest Mitigation of Sea Level Rise
Authors: Eswaran Advik , Truax Olivia , Fudge T.J.
Published: November 2023

Increasing snow accumulation over the Antarctic Ice Sheet may mitigate
future sea level rise. However, current estimates of mitigation
potential are poorly constrained due to limited records of past
variability. We present an annually resolved reconstruction of Antarctic
snow accumulation from 1801 to 2000 CE, employing a paleoclimate data
assimilation methodology to integrate ice core records with a
multi-model ensemble of climate simulations. Our reconstruction
correlates well with instrumental reanalysis, and we find that Antarctic
accumulation rates increased over the 20th-century, resulting in a
modest amount (~1 mm) of sea level mitigation.
Mitigation is primarily driven by an accelerating trend since around
1970. Our results contrast with a previous mitigation estimate of
~10 mm; this discrepancy is due to unconstrained
baseline estimates of 19th-century accumulation in East Antarctica. Our
reconstruction suggests that the uncertainty of future sea level
mitigation from increasing Antarctic accumulation has been
underestimated.
Observations of the shelf break current in the southern Weddell Sea: seasonal variability and mean state
Authors: Darelius Elin , Fer Ilker , Janout Markus Andre , Daae Kjersti , Steiger Nadine
Published: November 2023

The Antarctic Slope Front and the associated Antarctic Slope Current are
central in determining the dynamics along and the exchanges across the
continental shelf break around Antarctica. Here, we present new,
four-year-long (2017-2021) records from two moorings deployed on the
upper part of the continental slope (530 m and 738 m depth) just
upstream of the Filchner Trough in the southern Weddell Sea. We use the
records to describe the mean state and the seasonal variability of the
shelf break current and the regional hydrography. We find that (i) the
current is bottom enhanced, (ii) the isotherms slope upwards towards the
shelfbreak, and more so for warmer isotherms, and (iii) the monthly mean
thermocline depth is shallowest in February-March and deepest in
May-June while (iv) the current is strongest in April-June. On monthly
timescales, we show that (v) positive (warm) temperature anomalies of
the de-seasoned records are associated with weaker-than-usual currents.
Our results contribute to the understanding of how warm ocean waters
propagate southward and potentially affect basal melt rates at the
Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf.
How to Stop Automotive Battery Recycling from Poisoning Our Children
Authors:   Wiser Environment Ltd and Wiser Recycling Ltd, Hirst Russell , Baker James ,   Asian Development Bank, Molato-Gayares Rhea ,   Asian Development Bank, Park Albert ,   Asian Development Bank
Published: November 2023

This brief calls for better safety standards on how automotive batteries are recycled in Asia’s developing countries to reduce harmful lead pollution and its associated health impacts. With developing Asia home to over 400 million children with potentially harmful blood lead levels, it explains how the open-air recycling of used lead-acid batteries (ULAB) contaminates air, soil, and water. Using Viet Nam and the United Kingdom as comparative case studies, the brief demonstrates why countries in the region should educate workers on ULAB recycling risks and look to remediate contaminated sites. It also emphasizes the need to hold manufacturers responsible for the entire life cycle of batteries, including the recycling process.
Erythritol as a Potential Causal Contributor to Cardiometabolic Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Khafagy Rana , Paterson Andrew D. , Dash Satya
Published: November 2023

People with type 2 diabetes frequently use low-calorie sweeteners to manage glycemia and reduce caloric intake. Use of erythritol, a low-calorie sweetener, has increased recently. Higher circulating concentration associates with major cardiac events and metabolic disease in observational data, prompting some concern. As observational data may be prone to confounding and reverse causality, we undertook bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate potential causal associations between erythritol and coronary artery disease (CAD), BMI, waist-hip-ratio (WHR), and glycemic and renal traits in cohorts of European ancestry. Analyses were undertaken using instruments comprising genome-wide significant variants from three cohorts with erythritol measurement. Across instruments, we did not find supportive evidence that increased erythritol increases CAD (b = −0.033 ± 0.02, P = 0.14; b = 0.46 ± 0.37, P = 0.23). MR indicates erythritol may decrease BMI (b = −0.04 ± 0.018, P = 0.03; b = −0.04 ± 0.0085, P = 1.23 × 10−5; b = −0.083 ± 0.092, P = 0.036), with potential evidence from one instrument of increased BMI adjusted for WHR (b = 0.046 ± 0.022, P = 0.035). No evidence of causal association was found with other traits. In conclusion, we did not find supportive evidence from MR that erythritol increases cardiometabolic disease. These findings await confirmation in well-designed prospective studies.

Article Highlights
Surface wettability patterning of metal additive manufactured parts via laser-assisted functionalization
Authors: Huang Wuji , Nelson Ben , Ding Hongtao
Published: November 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the production of complex geometries with superior properties compared with traditional manufacturing methods. However, the high roughness and poor wettability of as-produced surfaces of AM parts limit their suitability for certain applications. To address this, we present a maskless laser-assisted surface functionalization method to improve the wettability of metal 3D printed parts. This study explores the potential of combining metal AM with surface wettability patterning, a promising technique in fluid-related fields. Large-area AlSi10Mg parts were fabricated using laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), followed by an innovative laser-assisted functionalization (LAF) method to achieve patterned wetting surfaces. The LAF method consists of laser texturing and chemical modification steps, and two strategies were demonstrated to fabricate different types of wettability patterns. Strategy I helps produce two types of superhydrophobicity, while strategy II helps create a superhydrophobic-superhydrophilic patterned surface. The study demonstrates the simplicity, robustness, and feasibility of the process and analyzes the processing mechanism, surface topography, and surface chemistry. The integration of surface wettability patterning and 3D-printing can optimize components to enhance performance and efficiency by creating intricate fluid flow pathways. Overall, this work highlights the potential of combining metal AM with surface wettability patterning, providing a pathway to produce high-performance parts with tailored wettability properties. This research has significant implications for fluid-related industries such as aerospace, automotive, and energy, as it offers unparalleled design freedom and the ability to create complex geometries.
https://journal.unpas.ac.id/index.php/pendas/article/view/10252
Authors: Fitria Nurul , Alfiansyah Iqnatia
Published: November 2023

Character education must be instilled and taught to every individual. This needs to start from basic education. The aim of this research is to provide an overview of the implementation of positive school culture in order to realize the character of the Pancasila student profile at SDN 6 Gresik. This research uses a qualitative approach method with data collection techniques of observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research show that the application of positive school culture to form the character profile of Pancasila students at SDN 6 Gresik is very good. This can be seen from several school activities carried out to support the process of habituation activities, implementation of agreements and regulations. Thus, culture is a means created to instill good character in each individual. ABSTRAKPendidikan karakter harus ditanamkan dan diajarkan kepada setiap individu. Hal ini perlu dimulai dari pendidikan dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran berupa implementasi penerapan budaya positif sekolah guna mewujudkan karakter profil pelajar Pancasila di SDN 6 Gresik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan penerapan budaya positif sekolah untuk membentuk kerakter profil pelajar pancasila di SDN 6 Gresik sangat baik. Hal ini terlihat dari beberapa kegiatan sekolah yang dilakukan untuk mendukung proses kegiatan pembiasaan, penerapan kesepakatan dan peraturan. Dengan demikian budaya merupakan salah satu sarana yang dibuat untuk menanamkan karakter yang baik bagi tiap individu.
The Identification of Pre-Service Teachers' Philosophical Orientation
Authors: Ryan Thomas
Published: November 2023

Publication withdrawn at the request of the author, 28 November 2009.
Contribución de la UE a la reglobalización: de la búsqueda de la autonomía a la estrategia de seguridad económica
Authors:   Investigador sénior, CIDOB, Burguete Víctor
Published: November 2023

La propuesta de una «Estrategia Europea de Seguridad Económica» supera el marco general de las dependencias estratégicas de la Unión Europea (UE) para centrarse en la competición con China. Este nuevo marco de competición, más cercano al posicionamiento de Estados Unidos, puede fácilmente conducir al proteccionismo, el desacople económico y la desglobalización, un escenario contrario a los intereses de la UE, tanto por su impacto económico en términos de crecimiento e inflación, como por sus consecuencias para la gobernanza global. Aunque la UE debe tener herramientas para adaptarse al nuevo entorno internacional, la mejor manera de mejorar su autonomía y seguridad económica es a través de la profundización de su integración, el impulso de su competitividad y la diversificación de su comercio. La Declaración de Granada del Consejo Europeo del 6 de octubre de 2023 es un paso para redefinir de manera positiva los cambios en las reglas de la globalización.
Sitagliptyna – czy jest dla niej miejsce w nowoczesnym leczeniu cukrzycy typu 2?
Authors: Kosiński Marcin
Published: November 2023

Cukrzyca typu 2 (DM2) stanowi rosnący problem kliniczny, a niedostateczna kontrola metaboliczna choroby u wielu pacjentów skłania do poszukiwania nowych metod terapii. W ostatnich latach wprowadzono nowe leki, których mechanizm działania opiera się na wykorzystaniu osi inktretynowej do optymalizacji leczenia cukrzycy. Wśród leków wykorzystujących potencjał efektu inkretynowego znajdują się inhibitory dipeptydylopeptydazy 4 (DPP-4).W artykule przedstawiono podstawy koncepcji wykorzystania efektu inkretynowego w terapii cukrzycy, podstawowy profil farkamologiczny sitagliptyny oraz istotne badania kliniczne dotyczące skuteczności i bezpieczeństwa leku. Przegląd ten ma na celu podsumowanie pozycji sitagliptyny jako leku dobrze tolerowanego, względnie skutecznego, bezpiecznego dla pacjentów z umiarkowanymi zaburzeniami funkcji nerek i wątroby, jak również leku o niskim ryzyku wywołania hipoglikemii.
Wpływ witamin z grupy B, miedzi i monofosforanu urydyny na funkcjonowanie układu nerwowego
Authors: Rudnicka Magdalena
Published: November 2023

Tkanka nerwowa wymaga do prawidłowego funkcjonowania wielu związków, które albo uczestniczą w metabolizmie neuronów, albo chronią je przed neurotoksycznością. Niektóre składniki odżywcze działają jednocześnie na obu płaszczyznach, a ich niedobory wymagają suplementacji. Również w przebiegu stanów patologicznych dotyczących układu nerwowego podawanie tych substancji może się okazać efektywnym i łatwym sposobem wspomagającym terapię.
Pacjent z nocną napadową hemoglobinurią w codziennej praktyce lekarskiej: od lekarza podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej do hematologa – opis przypadku
Authors: Kozińska Justyna
Published: November 2023

Nocna napadowa hemoglobinuria jest nabytą niedokrwistością hemolityczną charakteryzującą się triadą objawów: hemolizą wewnątrznaczyniową, pancytopenią i tendencją do zakrzepicy żylnej. U pacjentów z nocną napadową hemoglobinurią te objawy są obecne w różnych kombinacjach. Występowanie kilku napadów hemolizy wewnątrznaczyniowej skutkuje epizodami związanymi z zakrzepicą w nietypowych miejscach, a pacjenci ci mogą mieć różne stopnie zaburzeń szpiku kostnego. Rozpoznanie można potwierdzić za pomocą cytometrii przepływowej granulocytów krwi metodą FLAER. Strategia leczenia pod postacią hamowania dopełniacza ekulizumabem, choć bardzo kosztowna, jest też bardzo skuteczna.
Superhero Science and Technology: A New Open Access Journal
Authors: Fitzgerald Barry W
Published: November 2023

I am delighted to announce the launch of the new open access journal Superhero Science and Technology. This journal is published on the Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) platform for Open Journal Systems. The primary aim of the journal Superhero Science and Technology is to publish research in the fields of science, engineering, technology and ethics that is motivated by the superhero genre and written in manner so that it is accessible to both the academic community and general public.
How fast can Evangelion run? Application of aerodynamics and scaling laws to the Super Robot
Authors: Ryu Sangjin , Zhang Haipeng , Peteranetz Markeya , Daher Tareq
Published: November 2023

Super robots are huge, powerful robots that protect mankind from various invaders, and thus these superheroes are the main figures in many science fiction movies and Japanese animations. Among them, Evangelions have been a very popular type of super robot since the 1990s given that the animation series Neon Genesis Evangelion has been globally influential in various pop cultures. Evangelions (also called Evas) are cyborgs comprised of huge human body and robotic systems, and in the animation series, they often run at seemingly high speeds, which is quite different from traditional super robots. In this paper, we attempt to estimate the running speed of Evangelions based on known scientific facts. First, we measured the running speed of Eva Unit 01 (Eva-01) to be between 910 and 980 m/s based on its step length measured in movie scenes, and the Mach cone formed behind Eva-01. Second, we employed scaling laws known for animals and find that the maximum running speed of Eva-01 is 0.9 m/s. This striking difference between the anime-based speed and the physics-based speed raises a question as to how Eva-01 can run at such a high speed, and we conjecture that the cyborg can do so due to internally stored electrical power.
Galleria Mellonella Larvae as an In vitro Model for Testing Microbial Pathogenicity
Authors: Gniazdo Dawid , Sasal Wanesa , Omelaniuk Aleksandra , Brudz Weronika , Kaca Wiesław
Published: November 2023

The larvae of the insect Galleria mellonella have gained wide acceptance as an in vivo model for the study of virulence in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Importantly, G. mellonella offers an alternative, low-cost, and ethically acceptable method of assessing pathogens. These insects have a number of advantages, including ease of breeding, a rapid developmental cycle, low maintenance costs, and ease of experimental manipulation. Most importantly, G. mellonella larvae have a complete immune system and a nonspecific immune response similar to that of humans, making them a valuable model for studying pathogen-host interactions. Furthermore, using this model, it is possible to test the efficacy of various chemical compounds or natural substances that show antimicrobial activity. In this literature review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent studies of the use of G. mellonella in virulence analyses and as a platform for testing the efficacy of new drugs.
WORKSHOP DAN KOMPETISI AUGMENTED REALITY DENGAN VUFORIA UNTUK SMA/SMK DI JAKARTA DAN SEKITARNYA
Authors: Haris Darius Andana , Lim Carlene , Wirawan Jason , Pramudita Melvin
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Technological developments are increasingly advanced where now technology has entered various aspects of life. Augmented Reality is a technology that adds virtual objects to real objects at the same time, one example of its implementation is in the game Pokemon GO. Students, especially SMA/K students, must have Augmented Reality knowledge in order to be able to adapt to the rapid advancement of technology. The solution offered is to provide training as well as an Augmented Reality competition for SMA/K students in the Jabodetabek area. This activity also aims to introduce the Informatics Engineering and Information Systems study program at the Faculty of Information Technology, Tarumanagara University. The activity lasted for 2 days and was attended by 27 participants from 9 teams. The result is, all students succeeded in creating Augmented Reality works. All students also succeeded in presenting and demonstrating their work in front of the jury.

 

Perkembangan teknologi semakin maju dimana kini teknologi pun telah masuk ke berbagai aspek kehidupan. Augmented Reality adalah teknologi yang menambahkan objek maya ke dalam objek nyata pada waktu yang bersamaan, salah satu contoh implementasinya adalah pada game Pokemon GO. Pelajar, terutama siswa SMA/K harus memiliki pengetahuan Augmented Reality agar dapat beradaptasi dengan cepatnya kemajuan teknologi. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah memberikan pelatihan sekaligus perlombaan Augmented Reality untuk siswa SMA/K di area Jabodetabek. Kegiatan ini sekaligus bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan program studi Teknik Informatika dan Sistem Informasi Fakultas Teknologi Informasi Universitas Tarumanagara. Kegiatan telah berlangsung selama 2 hari dan dihadiri oleh 27 peserta dari 9 tim. Hasilnya adalah, semua siswa berhasil membuat karya Augmented Reality. Seluruh siswa juga berhasil mempresentasikan dan memberikan demonstrasi karya di hadapan juri.
KULIAH TAMU: BIMBINGAN KONSELING DAN PSIKOTERAPI
Authors: Wati Linda , Seneru Wistina , Sutawan Komang , Hardjasasmita Irena Monica
Published: November 2023

School students may experience problems related to academic or non academic. As a candidate for Bachelor of Buddhist Religious Education Graduate who can later work as a teacher in a school, they can be faced with troubled students who need help in order to study well. Counseling techniques are interventions that can be given to school students who have these problems. Guest lecture was given to 5th semester students studying in the Counseling and Psychotherapy course in Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Agama Buddha (STIAB) Jinarakkhita Lampung on December 6, 2022. The activity was carried out online via Zoom application at 1-3.30 pm where 33 students and 2 lecturers were present. The presentation of the material given to students focuses on application, important aspects, and practical experience of the presenter regarding the use of counseling and psychotherapy. Students fill out the pretest form before the presentation was given and students fill out the posttest form after the material presentation and question answer were carried out. The pretest and posttest form were filled in using Google Form. Based on the evaluation results from pretest and posttest, it seems that the students are able to differentiate between counseling and psychotherapy techniques, understand the important things needed to do counseling, and the attitudes that need to be trained in order to become good counselors.
PENERAPAN PROGRAM MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING MENGGUNAKAN GROUP ART THERAPY PADA GEJALA NEGATIF ORANG DENGAN SKIZOFRENIA (ODS)
Authors: Puspitasari Jessica Amandha , Parwati  , Angelia Cecillia , Wati Linda
Published: November 2023

Symptoms in schizophrenia are divided into two, positive symptoms and negative symptoms. Negative symptomsare described as reduced or absent normal function such as withdrawal from social relationships, blunted affect,lack of spontaneity,and flow of conversation. Group art therapy can be given to people with schizophrenia aimedat reducing negative symptoms by using art tools to better understand themselves. In the implementation,motivational interviewing can be used to encourage patients to carry out art therapy programs with motivationfrom within themselves. The implementation of the program was given to the participants with schizophrenia whoare partners in humanitarian projects at Pelita Jiwa Foundation, Tangerang. To see the benefit of the program, apre and post test was conducted using The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) from Andreason(1982). Results from this program shows that there’s a change in the participants regarding the negative symptomsthat exist in each of the participants such as increasing communication skills, expression, activity. According to theresult of the implication, this program can be a method to deal with negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients.
ABSTRAKGejala skizofrenia dibagi menjadi dua kategori yaitu gejala positif dan gejala negatif. Gejala negatif dideskripsikansebagai berkurangnya atau ketiadaan fungsi normal seperti menarik diri dari hubungan sosial, afek yang tumpul,kurangnya spontanitas, dan flow of conversation. Penerapan terapi seni kelompok dapat diberikan pada penderitaskizofrenia ditujukan untuk menurunkan gejala negatif dengan menggunakan alat seni untuk lebih memahami dirimereka sendiri. Dalam pelaksanaannya, wawancara motivasi dapat digunakan untuk mendorong pasienmelaksanakan program terapi seni dengan motivasi yang berasal dari dalam diri sendiri. Pelaksanaan programdiberikan pada para partisipan Orang Dengan Skizofrenia (ODS) yang menjadi mitra proyek kemanusiaan diYayasan Pelita Jiwa, Tangerang. Untuk melihat manfaat dari program tersebut, dilakukan pre test dan post testmenggunakan the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) dari Andreason (1982). Hasil daripenerapan program ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan pada partisipan mengenai negative symptoms yangada di dalam diri masing-masing partisipan seperti meningkatnya kemampuan berkomunikasi, berekspresi, danberaktivitas. Berdasarkan hasil penerapan,