bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ELISION IN 3-YEAR-OLDS SPEECH
Authors:   TATIANA V. SHUISKAYA  Amur State University, Shuiskaya Tatiana V.
Published: December 2017

The current paper focuses on the results of acoustic and perceptual study of elision in the speech of twenty Russian 3-year-olds. 5600 consonant and 2960 vowel tokens in words pronounced in isolation were studied. /lʲ/ and /r/ consonant elisions were among the most frequent. In most cases it was syncope while apocope was much less frequent. Forelingual consonant elisions occurred more often, linguopalatal /j/ and velar consonant elisions were not found. Much more often than eliding, children preferred to substitute «inconvenient» consonants. Vowel elision was not found in the experimental material. Generally, adult Russian listeners could not reconstruct the omitted consonants in the words they listened to, therefore this should be considered phonological elision.
ANALYSIS OF "ADULT-CHILD" AND "ADULT-ADULT" SPEECH TEXTS PRODUCED BY INFORMANTS WITH TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Elena E. Lyakso St Petersburg State University, Lyakso Elena E. , Frolova Olga V. ,   Olga V. Frolova St Petersburg State University
Published: December 2017

The paper presents data on statistical and semantic analysis of speech texts produced by children and adults interacting with their parents and an experimenter. Mothers’ speech addressed to infants and children of the first three years of life was analyzed. Speech of typically developing children, children with Down syndrome and autism spectrum disorders, adults with atypical development, and experimenter interacting with them was investigated. Differences between the groups in the number of significant and unique words in texts and in the frequency of words reflecting the emotional state were revealed. The expansion of the child's lexicon and lexical emotional space through the interaction with an adult was shown.
LINGUISTIC PROCESSES IN THE ERA OF COMMUNITY TRANSFORMATION (BASED ON THE EVENKI LANGUAGE)
Authors:   Nadezhda Ya. Bulatova  Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bulatova Nadezhda Ya.
Published: December 2017

Modern society is characterized by an increased role of ethnicity in rekindling the interest to the national language. The departure from traditional lifestyle triggered by degradation of ethnos-forming handicraft result in the loss of national language and culture. Many language minorities of the North, Siberia and the Far East of Russia find themselves in such a critical situation. These languages are comprised by a multitude of dialects and local accents whose differences often prevent their speakers from understanding each other. By not taking these differences into account, modern education system, in which one reform follows another, contributes into deteriorating situation. The Evenki language is the one that has been suffering those consequences. There is hope that the new educational standard will highly motivate teachers of the Evenki language to fill it with an appropriate content. Supported by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Amur Region, Evenki teachers will master innovative technologies, participate in building the curriculum and designing coursebooks in native language and culture. However, the major hope to boost language minorities vitality is placed on 30-40-year-old ethnos representatives who ought to make their native language a major means of communication in the family.
THE ACCOUNT OF OPTIONS SHEET OF WALLS PROFILE LARSEN IN THE DESIGN OF EXCAVATIONS SUPPORTING
Authors: Mangushev Rashid A. , Fadeev Alexandr B.
Published: December 2017

Bending stiffness and strength of steel sheet retaining walls is strongly dependent on shear resistance of pile interlocks. This fact, usually, is not taken into account in domestic practice of design and construction of sheet walls
THE APPROXIMATE SOLUTION FOR PLATES USING MODIFIED RAYLEIGH-RITZ METHOD
Authors: Manuylov Gaik A.
Published: December 2017

For thin elastic plates of arbitrary shape with a smooth pinched or hinged contour based on the modified Rayleigh-Ritz method, explicit expressions are obtained for the approximate values of the maximum deflection from a uniformly distributed load, the deflection at the point of application of the concentrated force, the critical force of uniform compression, and the first eigenfrequency. The lateral movements were approximated by special functions having level lines similar to the plate contour. The results of calculating the plate in the form of a pear-shaped oval are presented, which are in good agreement with the two-sided geometric estimates of the corresponding solutions
ABOUT SOLUTION OF MULTIPOINT BOUNDARY PROBLEMS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS WITH THE USE OF COMBINED APPLICATION OF FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND DISCRETE-CONTINUAL FINITE ELEMENT METHOD PART 2: SPECIAL ASPECTS OF FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATION
Authors: Akimov Pavel A. , Belostotsky Alexander M. , Kaytukov Taymuraz B. , Negrozov Oleg A.
Published: December 2017

As is well known, the formulation of a multipoint boundary problem involves three main components: a description of the domain occupied by the structure and the corresponding subdomains; description of the conditions inside the domain and inside the corresponding subdomains, the description of the conditions on the boundary of the domain, conditions on the boundaries between subdomains. This paper is a continuation of another work published earlier, in which the formulation and general principles of the approximation of the multipoint boundary problem of a static analysis of deep beam on the basis of the joint application of the finite element method and the discrete-continual finite element method were considered. It should be noted that the approximation within the fragments of a domain that have regular physical-geometric parameters along one of the directions is expedient to be carried out on the basis of the discrete-continual finite element method (DCFEM), and for the approximation of all other fragments it is necessary to use the standard finite element method (FEM). In the present publication, the formulas for the computing of displacements partial derivatives of displacements, strains and stresses within the finite element model (both within the finite element and the corresponding nodal values (with the use of averaging)) are presented. Boundary conditions between subdomains (respectively, discrete models and discrete-continual models and typical conditions such as “hinged support”, “free edge”, “perfect contact” (twelve basic (basic) variants are available)) are under consideration as well. Governing formulas for computing of elements of the corresponding matrices of coefficients and vectors of the right-hand sides are given for each variant. All formulas are fully adapted for algorithmic implementation.
MODELING OF STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF THICK CONCRETE SLABS TAKING THE CREEP OF CONCRETE INTO ACCOUNT
Authors: Yazyev Batyr M. , Chepurnenko Anton S. , Saibel Anzhelika V.
Published: December 2017

In the article the derivation of the resolving equations for calculation taking into account creep of thick reinforced concrete plates is given. We use the hypothesis of a parabolic law for the distribution of tangential stresses over the thickness of a plate. The problem was reduced to a system of two differential equations with respect to deflection and the function of shear. An example is given of a calculation of a plate hinged on the contour loaded with a uniformly distributed load using a viscoelastic model of hereditary aging of concrete. The solution was carried out using double trigonometric series in combination with the Euler method for determining creep strains.
COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORMATION OF COMPUTED MODELS OF MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Authors: Bedov Anatoliy I. , Salov Aleksandr S. , Gabitov Azat I. , Kuznetsov Dmitriy М. , Sadykova Elza A.
Published: December 2017

The areas of application of concrete and reinforcement of higher grades for strength in structural elements of a monolithic reinforced concrete frame are considered. Analytic dependencies, criteria and boundary conditions are proposed that numerically describe the relationship between increasing the strength of concrete and reducing the consumption of reinforcing steel for bent and compressed-bent elements. Calculation-analytical models of the deformation state of overlaps of a monolithic reinforced concrete multi-storey frame have been developed on the basis of multifactor numerical studies carried out for various values of the thicknesses of ceilings, spans, operating loads, classes of concrete and reinforcement. Calculated parameters of slabs are determined, which determine their bearing capacity. On the basis of computer technology, the optimum section of a reinforced concrete element is modeled according to the criterion of reducing the material consumption and rational combination of classes of concrete and reinforcement.
ITERATIVE AGGREGATION METHOD FOR SOLVING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS PROBLEMS
Authors: Bulgakov Vitaly E.
Published: December 2017

Motivated by the previously developed multilevel aggregation method for solving structural analysis problems a novel two-level aggregation approach for efficient iterative solution of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) problems is proposed. The course aggregation model of the original covariance matrix is used in the iterative solution of the eigenvalue problem by a power iterations method. The method is tested on several data sets consisting of large number of text documents.
FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF CAMBER OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAMS
Authors: Gaigerov Peter P.
Published: December 2017

For large-span reinforced concrete beam structures developed by the method of determining the camber due to the prestressing of a steel rope on the concrete. Performed numerical experiments to study the impact of various schemes layout prestressed reinforcement without bonding with concrete on the distribution of the relief efforts along the path of the reinforcement.
RESEARCH OF BEHAVIOR OF CEMENT COMPOSITES IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH HUMIDITY AND VARIABLE POSITIVE TEMPERATURES
Authors: Erofeeva Irina V. , Afonin Victor V. , Fedortsov Vladislav A. , Emelyanov Denis V. , Podzhivotov Nikolay Yu. , Zotkina Marina M.
Published: December 2017

In this paper, the results of testing cement composites under the conditions of the effect of high humidity and variable positive temperatures are given.By the coefficient of variation of hardness (stability), the compositions are compared with various fillers, plasticizing and other fungicidal additives.To decide on the stability (stability) of the structure and properties of composites, it is proposed to rely on the area of the polygon obtained as a result of piecewise linear approximation of the exposure points. Explanations of the influence of environmental factors on hardness change of the composites.
ON HAMILTONIAN FORMULATIONS AND CONSERVATION LAWS FOR PLATE THEORIES OF VEKUA-AMOSOV TYPE
Authors: Zhavoronok Sergey I.
Published: December 2017

Some variants of the generalized Hamiltonian formulation of the plate theory of I. N. Vekua – A. A. Amosov type are presented. The infinite dimensional formulation with one evolution variable, or an “instantaneous” formalism, as well as the de Donder – Weyl one are considered, and their application to the numerical simulation of shell and plate dynamics is briefly discussed. The main conservation laws are formulated for the general plate theory of Nth order, and the possible motion integrals are introduced
O TRABALHO DOCENTE NA PERSPECTIVA DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: ANÁLISE DE ALGUNS FATORES CONDICIONANTES E SUAS RESTRIÇÕES PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Rufino Luiz Gustavo Bonatto
Published: January 2018

O estudo analisa alguns elementos condicionantes e restrições ao trabalho docente relacionados ao desenvolvimento da prática pedagógica na Educação Física, a partir das compreensões de cinco professores participantes de um processo de formação continuada. Optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como técnica de coleta de dados a realização de 16 grupos focais, gravados, transcritos e analisados a partir da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram que as dificuldades relacionadas ao plano de carreira e condições de infraestrutura incidem diretamente na prática profissional. Além disso, a elaboração de currículos institucionais tem gerado novos dilemas aos professores, sobretudo relacionados ao protagonismo frente aos processos decisórios durante as ações profissionais. Conclui-se que é necessário repensar o trabalho docente tendo em vista a profissionalização do ensino. Para isso, deve-se olhar para a formação de professores de dentro para fora, valorizando o estatuto profissional da docência e a relação proveniente dessa interação com o trabalho.
OS ESTUDOS DE CULTURA FÍSICA NA UNIVERSIDADE DE BATH-REINO UNIDO: DIMENSÕES DE UMA ABORDAGEM MUITO ALÉM DA FISICALIDADE
Authors: Lara Larissa Michelle , Rich Emma
Published: January 2018

Nas últimas duas décadas, a análise da cultura física provocou uma série de respostas baseadas em diferentes orientações teóricas. Neste artigo, procuramos oferecer uma visão deste campo complexo por meio da análise de parte do trabalho produzido pelo grupo de pesquisa Physical Cultural Studies (PCS) na Universidade de Bath, Reino Unido, no intuito de entender como a cultura física é teorizada e de que modo os temas investigativos são materializados por essa abordagem. Compõe o percurso metodológico a análise de artigos científicos vinculados aos pesquisadores do referido grupo, entre 2009 e 2016, a qual resulta na organização dos dados em duas categorias temáticas: a) dimensões epistemológicas, ontológicas e metodológicas do PCS; b) temas investigativos em cultura física. Conclui-se que a abordagem teórico-conceitual da cultura física, longe de ser fixa, estrutura-se a partir de articulações múltiplas e complexas das relações sociais, dos discursos e das subjetividades dos corpos (in)ativos.
EKSISTENSI MAJAS DALAM ALQUR'AN SEBAGAI KHAZANAH KEILMUAN ISLAM
Authors: Nawafi Moh. Muhtador
Published: December 2017

Amin Alkhulli was mapping out the qur’anic studies into two big themes, dirasat ma hawl Alquran dan dirasat fi Alquran nafsih. From this classification could be seen that majaz as part of the second studies. Majaz was categorized by Alkhulli as part of the Qur’anic text grammatical structure. Making the qur’anic text as an object of the study, therefore the existence of majaz will give various discourses. The linguistic theory gave two perspectives on this, first stated that Alqur’an was not contended majaz, because majaz indicated to have the untruth content, whereas it was impossible for Alquran to give the improper information. Second, majaz was existed inside the qur’anic texts, because it was indicating the elegant and high expression of language. Here is the focus of this article, wherein besides of becoming part of the qur’anic text, majaz was also becoming Islamic studies discourses.
MAKNA SEKSUALITAS DALAM ALQUR’AN MENURUT HUSEIN MUHAMMAD
Authors: Tobroni Muhammad
Published: December 2017

The development of interpretation is an inevitability. Interpretation is a process to respond social reality, at once giving the solution for the societal problematic life. For instance, the interpretations of sexuality verses were having the various meaning which is able to be re-interpreted. The interpretation conducted by the classical ulama’ was still leaving some problems, especially on the verses about feminism. This article aims to elaborate the Husein Muhammad thought on the meaning of sexuality in the feminism verses. The analysis tools used is the sociological knowledge of Karl Manheim, in order to be able to understand the context of Husein Muhammad thought as an explanation of the feminism verses. The result of the study showed that Islam is a product of the struggle between religion and culture. So that, Q.S. Alrum 30: 21 must be seen as firstly, as a human way to channeling the libido passion to get sexual satisfaction. Secondly, the human effort is to preserving life on earth, so that marriage is having a function to pro-create and reproduction. Thirdly, as a human way to find out the peace and beautiful place to live in
KONSEP KEPEMIMPINAN MENURUT SYU’BAH ASA
Authors: Munadzir Munadzir
Published: December 2017

The discourse of leadership in Islam was emerged and developed after the passed away of prophet Muhammad Pbh. Alquran has connected the concept of leadership to the guidance of the truth. A leader must know the situation and able to feel his follower misery directly. A leader must also have the ability over his followers, in term of knowledge and action, religious service, courageous and excellence, character, and behavior. This is library research which is characteristically descriptive-analysis and focused on the book entitled Dalam Cahaya Alquran: Tafsir Ayat-ayat Sosial Politik written by Syu’bah Asa related to the qur’anic verses on leadership. The result of the study showed that Syu’bah Asa has interpreted surah Alnisa’ 58 as the suggestion for the leader to be injustice and wise, while for each citizen have to obey their leader as advised by surah Alnisa’ ayat 59.
DULKADIRAN, MEDIA MASYARAKAT SAMPURNAN UNTUK MEMPEROLEH KESELAMATAN, PAHALA, SYAFAAT, DAN SURGA
Authors: Fadlillah Nilna
Published: December 2017

This paper tries to describe the practice of reading Qur’an in the Dulkadiran tradition practiced by Sampurnan society ethnographically, in order to find its meaning. Based on the interpretation of cultures theory found out that the Sampurnan society recognizes the concepts that are based on the religious basis, which has ultimate meaning as a way to get the salvation, reward, and paradise. These concepts were then believed as the true and real, which then formulated into various symbols in the Dulkadiran tradition. These symbols have meaning that refers to those concepts and suggested certain lifestyle or action, which is delivered persuasively by Kiyai. Through these concepts, people were then motivated to perform Dulkadiran tradition. The practice of this tradition was able to create moods of a person, which then reflected into the daily life, and felt as if to justify the existing concepts, so the motivations and moods seem uniquely realistic.
Inclusive Development through Providing Vertical Housing for Low Income Family in Yogyakarta Urban Areas
Authors: Rachmawati Rini , Budiarti Charina Vertinia , Febrita Diana , Sulistyani Estin
Published: December 2017

Inclusive development is meant to accommodate the marginalised people, most of whom are the poor with the problem of fulfilling their need for housing. The government has tried hard to meet the need of housing by constructing rusunawa. This paper is aimed at describing the provision and uses of rusunawa, both in cities and peri-urban area by studying the cases in the City of Yogyakarta, Sleman Regency, and Bantul Regency. The study was conducted by doing observation and both structured and in-depth interviews. The research results show that rusunawa were viewed as one solution to help a low-income family in fulfilling their need for housing. In some cases in the City of Yogyakarta, rusunawa plays an essential role in preventing the settlement along both sides of rivers from becoming slum areas. Rusunawa in both Regencies of Sleman and Bantul is located near the city, so it is easy for the settlers to get to their workplace. The construction of rusunawa has also paid attention to the disabled by providing exceptional facilities. The same case is providing a playground for children and facilities for early education for young kids. However, there have not been special facilities for the elderly and pregnant women.
XI Congresso Mariológico Internacional Aparecida: 300 Anos de Fé e Devoção
Authors: Brito Ênio Jose Da Costa , Caraseni Rita De Goulart Cassia
Published: January 2018

Este relatório de congresso foi publicado sem resumo
Educação Matemática em territórios contestados: um currículo diferenciado para as ilhas do litoral do Paraná
 Mathematics Education in districts challenged: a differentiated curriculum for the islands of the coast of Paraná
Authors: Zanlorenzi Marcos Aurelio , Oliveira Anderson Martins
Published: January 2018

Com este trabalho procuramos identificar como a Educação Matemática aparece em uma proposta pedagógica diferenciada e que foi construída para as escolas das ilhas do litoral paranaense. Também apontamos a importância de uma proposta dessa natureza em um contexto marcado pelo refluxo das conquistas sociais historicamente constituídas, pela desconsideração de um conjunto de direitos humanos, sobretudo dos povos e comunidades tradicionais que habitam as ilhas do Paraná. Problematizamos as dificuldades de implementação da proposta e apontamos algumas possibilidades de avanço.
Coordinative Practices and Information Interaction Performance in Distributed Work
Authors: Franssila Heljä
Published: December 2017

DI, YTK Heljä Franssilan informaatiotutkimuksen ja interaktiivisen median alaan kuuluva väitöskirja Coordinative Practices and Information Interaction Performance in Distributed Work (Koordinaatiokäytännöt ja informaatiovuorovaikutuksen suorituskyky) tarkastettiin 27.10.2017 Tampereen yliopistossa. Vastaväittäjänä toimi Reader, Dr Mark Perry (Brunell University London) ja kustoksena dosentti, yliopistonlehtori Sanna Talja (Tampereen yliopisto). Väitöskirja on julkaistu sarjassa Acta Universitatis Tamperensis ja se on luettavissa myös Tampereen yliopiston Tampub-julkaisuarkistossa osoitteessa http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-03-0561-1.
YSO: Avoin ja monikielinen perusta yhteentoimivalle sisällönkuvailulle
Authors: Niininen Satu , Nykyri Susanna , Suominen Osma
Published: December 2017

Linkittyvässä ja globaalissa ympäristössä tarvitaan ratkaisuja, jotka tuovat yhteen eri paikoissa, eri aikoina ja eri kielillä kuvailtuja aineistoja yli kieli- ja kulttuurirajojen. Avoin tiede -liikkeessä on kiinnitetty paljon huomiota julkaisujen ja yhä enemmän myös tutkimusdatan avoimuuteen, mutta metatietojen avoimuuteen ja yhteentoimivuuteen kiinnitetään harvemmin huomiota. Kuitenkin metatieto voi olla avointa silloinkin, kun kuvailtava aineisto itsessään ei voi sitä olla esimerkiksi tutkimusaineiston sensitiivisyydestä tai julkaisun kustantajan rajoituksista johtuen. Tässä kirjoituksessa keskitymme monikielisyyden haasteisiin kuvailevan metatiedon välineiden laadinnassa. Ajankohtaiskatsaus pohjautuu osittain lyhennettynä ja päivitettynä aiemmin julkaistuun artikkeliin (Niininen, Nykyri & Suominen 2017), mutta tässä tekstissä kuvaamme lisäksi Kansalliskirjastossa tehtävän kehitystyön uusia ulottuvuuksia.
Reflections on the Sahyādrikhaṇḍa’s Uttarārdha
Authors: Levitt Stephan Hillyer
Published: December 2017

This paper provides a brief review of Gajanan Shastri Gaitonde’s corrected edition of J. Gerson Da Cunha’s 1877 text for the Sahyādrikhaṇḍa. It covers the import of O’Hanlon (2013) on the dating of various sections of the Sahyādrikhaṇḍa’s uttarārdha and the support it gives to earlier conclusions by Levitt. Furthermore, it covers the fragmentary text of Sahyādrikhaṇḍa uttarārdha 15, which, it turns out, is about Sārasvata Brahmans at a much earlier date, and the import that this chapter’s generally fragmentary state has with regard to the transmission of the Sahyādrikhaṇḍa. Finally, it briefly discusses the topic of the Pātityagrāmanirṇaya, a separable section of the Sahyādrikhaṇḍa’s uttarārdha, and the historical nature of the text. My edition and translation of this have recently been released by Motilal Banarsidass as no. 6 in their Hindu Tradition Series.
The The Effectiveness of Posturicular Fascial Flap as an Adjunct to Suture Otoplasty
Authors: Abdilkarim Dana Abdulmagid
Published: December 2017

Mustardé technique of otoplasty is probably the most famous and practical among all otoplasty procedures especially in our centers. Yet it possesses the risk of suture extrusion, stitch granulomas and recurrence. Such complications have been reported, albeit few, yet they are bothersome to patients and their families. Placing tissues between the suture lines and the postauricular incision whether grafts or fascial flaps have been reported to reduce these complications.This study was set to evaluate the effectiveness of elevating a post-auricular fascial flap to cover the sutures in Mustardé and Furnas techniques for reducing the risk of suture extrusion and granulomas and possibly recurrence.Eleven patients with prominent ears (21 ears) fit our inclusion criteria. Nine of them were males and two females. They underwent suture otoplasty with post-auricular fascial flap in Burn and Plastic Surgery Hospital in Sulaimania from December 2011 to July 2015. Their mean age was 15.5 years, with a mean follow-up period of 242 days (ranged from 66 days to 431 days. Polydioxanone suture was used in (6 ears), and polypropylene suture was used in (15 ears).We achieved 91% satisfaction rates among patients and their families (only one patient was unsatisfied). One patient developed partial recurrence of the middle half of antihelix in one side (4.7%). Another one developed bleeding that only needed pressure and change dressing in the left ear (4.7%).  Adding fascial flap to cover the sutures appears to be beneficial in preventing suture extrusions and granulomas and possibly recurrence by acting as another supporting layer.
Policy Options and Issues in Reforming European Supplementary Pension Systems
Authors: Herbertsson Tryggvi Þór , Orszag J. Michael
Published: January 2018

Most industrialized countries are struggling with reforming their retirement income systems. The systems have mainly been based on public pay-as-you-go plans but as the systems have become mature they have increase the fiscal burden of nations and become an inadequate device for financial insurance for the old. Consequently, almost all the European countries will need either to refund their retirement liabilities or reform their retirement systems to reduce or restrict benefits. There is already a significant volume of supplementary pensions in Europe; about 25% of the labour force is covered and more than 2 trillion ECU of funds are under management. The proposed EU occupational pension’s directive provides a framework for the growth of some of these supplementary pensions in EU Member States. This paper identifies and discusses ten important economic issues in the design and implementation of supplementary pensions systems.
Heilsuhagfræði á Íslandi
Authors: Einarsson Ágúst
Published: January 2018

Í greininni er lýst grunnatriðum í heilsuhagfræði. Þættir eins og heilsufar, vellíðan, sjúkdómar, slys og dauði eru algeng viðfangsefni innan heilbrigðisþjónustunnar. Í heilsuhagfræði er m.a. lagt fjárhagslegt mat á leiðir til úrbóta. Heilsuhagfræði hefur enn ekki hlotið mikla umfjöllun hérlendis. Í greininni er m.a. lýst grunnlíkönum í heilsugæslu og fjallað er um umfang heilbrigðismála í hagkerfinu hérlendis, svo sem opinber útgjöld og starfsmannafjölda. Einnig er staða heilbrigðismála á Íslandi rædd í samanburði við önnur lönd, einkum Norðurlönd en jafnframt innan OECD. Þar kemur m.a. í ljós að staðan í heilsugæslu hérlendis er góð en útgjöld til heilbrigðismála eru veruleg miðað við önnur lönd, sérstaklega sé tekið tillit til tiltölulega lágs aldurs íslensku þjóðarinnar. Að lokum er stuttlega fjallað um fjórar matsaðferðir innan heilsuhagfræðinnar, þ.e. lágmarkskostnaðargreiningu, kostnaðarárangursgreiningu, kostnaðarnytjagreiningu og kostnaðarábatagreiningu.
Þjónustuhegðun (COBEH) – rannsóknir á eðli, áhrifum og þróun
Authors: Grönfeldt Svafa
Published: January 2018

Með auknu vægi þjónustu í verðmætasköpun fyrirtækja hafa stjórnendur jafnt sem fræðimenn velt því fyrir sér hvernig tryggja megi að starfsfólk veiti góða þjónustu. Nýjar kenningar á þessu sviði fela í sér áherslu á þjónustuhegðun (e. customer oriented behaviour) sem tvívítt hugtak, þ.e. tilhneigingu starfsfólks til að sýna endurbótaviðleitni annarsvegar og til að leggja sig fram til hagsbóta fyrir viðskiptavini hinsvegar (Peccei & Rosenthal 1997). Réttmæti þessara kenninga hefur lítið verið rannsakað með megindlegum aðferðum.Í þessari grein er lýst þremur rannsóknum sem gerðar voru til að varpa frekara ljósi á notagildi hugtaksins þjónustuhegðun. Þátttakendur voru 2693 starfsmenn í sjö íslenskum þjónustufyrirtækjum. Niðurstöður studdu þá tilgátu að þjónustuhegðun skiptist í tvo þætti, þ.e. hjálparhegðun og endurbótahegðun. Þessi skipting reyndist stöðug yfir tíma og á milli mismunandi tegunda þjónustufyrirtækja. Sýnt var fram á marktæk tengsl þjónustuhegðunar við upplifun viðskiptavina. Helstu áhrifaþættir þjónustuhegðunar reyndust vera áhugahvöt og tryggð starfsmanns, þjónustunorm og almenn starfsgeta. Einnig kom í ljós að þjónustuþjálfun hafði jákvæð áhrif á endurbótahegðun starfsmanna en ekki á hjálparhegðun. Fjallað er um fræðilegt framlag niðurstaðna sem og þýðingu þeirra fyrir stjórnendur þjónustufyrirtækja. Að lokum er vakin athygli á mikilvægi þess að rannsaka þjónustuhegðun enn frekar.
Markaðsáherslur og markaðshneigð
Authors: Guðlaugsson Þórhallur Örn
Published: January 2018

Markaðshneigð (e. market orientation) má lýsa sem einkenni á fyrirtækjamenningu, sem birtist þannig að starfsmenn leggja sig fram við að veita viðskiptavininum, sem mestan ávinning af viðskiptum sínum við fyrirtækið. Markaðshneigð má einnig lýsa sem hegðun er styður markaðsáhersluna (e. marketing concept). Sú hegðun einkennist af víðtækri þekkingaröflun á breytingum í markaðsumhverfinu, miðlun þeirrar þekkingar til eininga skipulagsheildarinnar og að viðbrögð hennar taki mið af þekkingunni.
Viðfangsefni þessarar greinar er markaðshneigð og markaðsáherslur og er augum sérstaklega beint að því hvort opinber fyrirtæki geti, út frá forsendum markaðshneigðar, tileinkað sér markaðshneigð og markaðsleg vinnubrögð. Það er mat höfundar, byggt á skoðun á stóru opinberu þjónustufyrirtæki, að þannig fyrirtæki geti tileinkað sér markaðshneigð í auknum mæli. Ýmsar hindranir séu þó í veginum sem m.a. má rekja til fyrirtækjamenningar og –skipulags. Einnig kemur fram í umræðunni að pólitískur hugsunarháttur getur verið skammt undan þegar um opinber fyrirtæki er að ræða. Hann getur haft neikvæð áhrif á viðleitni fyrirtækja til að auka markaðshneigð og markaðsleg vinnubrögð.
Trading off efficiency and equity A Scandinavian puzzle?
Authors: Andersen Thorben M.
Published: January 2018

One of the most fundamental trade-offs in economics is that between efficiency and equity. The performance of the Scandinavian countries with high incomes and low inequality in an international perspective creates a paradox in this context since these countries are also high tax countries. The Scandinavian experience seems to suggest that tax distortions are small, and the trade-off between efficiency and equity therefore is relatively flat. This paper argues that this does not necessarily imply that economic incentives do not matter, but rather that the standard distortionary effects of taxation may be countered by other effects. The particular effect considered here is the interaction between taxation and risk. It is shown that the implication of taxation for labour supply depends critically on whether the return to work is risky since taxes provide implicit insurance of income risk. The wedge implied by income taxation depends negatively on risk, implying that tax distortions are smaller when explicit account is taken of risk. As a consequence, labour supply may be rather insensitive to tax changes or may even be increasing in the tax rate. It is an implication that the trade-off between incentives and insurance, or equivalently efficiency and equity, may be rather flat or even non-monotone.
Atvinnulíf við nýjar aðstæður
Authors: Zoega Gylfi , Jónsson Örn D.
Published: January 2018

Í þessu riti eru birtar fimm ritgerðir eftir sex höfunda sem kynntar voru hinn 10. Júní 2010 á ráðstefnu Háskólans í Reykjavík og Háskóla Íslands sem bar heitið „Atvinnulíf við nýjar aðstæður.“ Tilgangur ráðstefnunnar var að líta fram á veginn og leggja á ráðin um endurreisn efnahagslífsins.

Höfundarnir sex hafa fjölbreyttan bakgrunn og innsýn í íslenskt efnahagslíf. Saman gefa greinar þeirra mynd af mörgum þeim verkefnum sem ráðast þarf í á næstunni, umgerð efnahagslífsins og innviðum í ljósi reynslu síðustu ára. Fjallað er um bóluhagkerfið sem nú er liðið undir lok, starfsumhverfi fyrirtækja, nýsköpun, skipulag og starfsemi viðskiptabanka og stjórn peningamála.
“Al-Musaqah” and Sharia Agribusiness System: An Alternative Way to Meet Staple Food Self-Sufficiency in Contemporary Indonesia
Authors: Maman Ujang Maman , Kusmana Kusmana , Supiandi Dudi
Published: January 2018

The concept of al-musaqah appears in Islamic history when Prophet Muhammad conquered the fertile farmland surrounding Khaibar, abandoned by Jews as the original owner of the land. The concept of al-musaqoh also appears in fiqh deliberations, in which it is a partnership between tenants and land owners. By deepening literature, the concept of al-musaqah is part of sharia agribusiness system that could be an alternative partnerships and farmer institution in meeting staple food needs. The alternative concept is very necessary since Indonesia has been facing the issue of agricultural land conversion and difficulty to form sustainable food agriculture area (SFAA). For the implementation of al-musaqoh, the Government should systematically form the SFAA on the state owned land, and estabilish its institution to manage SFAA in the central and regional level. Then, the SFAA management implement al-musaqoh partnership with farmer groups. By the concept, the Government would be able to control staple food procurement and distribution  to achieve food self-sufficiency which is profitable for farmers and non-farmers. However, the implementation is based on the view that the provision of basic needs should not be left to market mechanism.
Исламский дискурс визуальной пропаганды на советском Востоке между двумя мировыми войнами (1918 – 1940)
Authors: Bobrovnikov Vladimir
Published: December 2017

Visual propaganda played an enormous role in the history of the twentieth century. Unlike the propaganda of nineteenth century, it was aimed not only at educated classes in the imperial centres, but also at subaltern masses living in the colonies of great powers, including the vast territories in the east and south of the former Russian Empire. Posters created for (and with the assistance of) Muslims between the two world wars in the Soviet Orient (i.e., in the Volga region, Crimea, Urals, and Siberia, on the Caucasus and in the Central Asia) represent an enormous and still poorly studied layer in the history of Soviet propaganda. So far, the posters have been studied primarily in the context of art history. But the creation of visual propaganda is critical for historical reconstructions as well. It is more important to understand posters’ language, historical context, attitude to public policy, cultural background, in other words—the discourse of propaganda. This is a part of life, even if semiofficial, the loss of which would simplify and impoverish the picture of the past. Discursive analysis of poster art allows one to understand the relationship between knowledge and power in society, the role of different social strata in its reproduction, and the aspects of perception and rejection of official propaganda.
Исламская пресса в раннесоветском Дагестане и журнал «Мусульмане Советского Востока»
Authors: Shikhaliev Shamil
Published: December 2017

An analysis of a number of articles in imperial and early Soviet newspapers and journals, including “Jaridat Dagistan”, shows that the theological discussion that existed in Dagestan in manuscript tradition for more than three hundred years migrated to some extent to new press. This applies to some issues of the theory of Islamic law (the problem of taqlid and ijtihad), as well as some practical legal issues in the field of worship (‘ibada) and in the sphere of social relations (mu’amala).In the late 1960’s in Tashkent, the journal “Muslims of the Soviet Orient” was founded, many issues of which were sent to Dagestan in Uzbek (in Arabic script) and in Arabic; various issues of this journal are currently being found in a number of private collections in Dagestan. In many articles the influence of the already established Soviet Oriental scholarly tradition is noticeable. Articles devoted to the theory and practice of Islamic law, to various issues of Muslim theology, are practically absent. An analysis of the articles of this journal and the “Jaridat Dagistan” shows that if the latter was formed and edited exclusively by Dagestani theologians and served as a platform for discussing theological issues, the journal “Muslims of the Soviet Orient” was a Soviet attempt to represent Muslims and showed how they were seen or wanted to be seen by Soviet authority.
Мусульманский книжник советской Москвы: библиотека имама Ахметзяна Мустафина
Authors: Zaripov Islam , Safarov Marat
Published: December 2017

The article summarizes some material on the study of the imam-khatyb of Moscow Cathedral Mosque Ahmetzyan Mustafin’s library (1902– 1986). The analysis of Mustafin’s book collection is determined not only by purely bookish interest, but also by the intention to study more thoroughly the daily life of a prominent Muslim religious figure of the Soviet times, his reading interests, his attitude to the book culture, his approach for collecting religious and reference literature. The chronological scope of the collection includes books and manuscripts up to the late eighteenth century — and until the 1970s and early 1980s. Mustafin’s library contains books in Arabic, Turkish, Tatar and Farsi. It also covers various spheres of Muslim theology — Qur’anic exegetics (tafsir), prophetic traditions (hadith), the biographies of the Prophet and his companions (sira), history (tarih), religious law and its methodology (fiqh wa usul al-fiqh), morality (akhlaq), mysticism (tasawwuf) and philosophy (falsafa). Dictionaries occupy a significant place, as well as various editions from the 1960–80s (for example, Qur’an commentaries) brought from foreign trips or received as a gift from foreign guests. Of interest are Tashkent editions of the Qur’an — the fact that expands the idea of Islamic institutions existence in the USSR. We also tried to keep track of the marginal notes on the books.
«Запретный» ислам в советской Украине
Authors: Brilev Denis
Published: December 2017

One of the least studied and documented periods of the existence of Islam in Ukraine is the Soviet period. In Soviet Ukraine, Muslims were present, as evidenced by the existence of mosques in several major cities, Muslim cemeteries, and a number of ethnonyms (for example, the suburb of Kiev called Tatarka). These were primarily the Volga Tatars, who constituted a significant, if not the largest part of the Muslims of Ukraine both in the pre-war and post-war periods — even after the transfer of Crimean region to Ukraine in 1954, as Crimean Muslims remained deported in Central Asia. Another group of Ukrainian Muslims were the so-called Polish-Lithuanian Tatars, who lived mainly in Western Ukraine. However, for the authorities of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic they did not exist. Muslims could not register a religious community and were forced to perform religious rituals illegally, at the risk of encountering oppression by law enforcement.In my paper I will consider the phenomenon of Muslim communities in Soviet Ukraine, the features of their existence and religious life. I will show that, despite the actual prohibition of the existence of organised forms of Islam, Ukrainian Muslims continued to be part of a wider discourse of «Soviet» Islam, maintaining unoffcial links with the centers of Islamic life in the USSR. I will also touch on the issue of strategies for preserving ethnic and confessional identity by Ukrainian Muslims in the face of the threat of cultural and religious assimilation.For the research, I used materials from personal archives, own field studies, interviews, local lore publications in local and republican press, biographical materials, as well as studies on this topic by Ukrainian authors.
Abordagem clínica na análise da atividade docente: uma via unindo pesquisa, intervenção e formação
Authors: Moraes Rozania Maria Alves de , Magalhães Elisandra Maria
Published: January 2018

A conjugação entre pesquisa e intervenção na Clínica da Atividade é um assunto que, aparentemente, ainda não se esgotou, suscitando importantes discussões entre especialistas da área. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir experiências trazidas de duas pesquisas de caráter interventivo realizadas na formação inicial de professores de língua francesa, utilizando as abordagens clínica e ergonômica da atividade; além disso, busca também mostrar que, nas situações apresentadas, pesquisa e intervenção se mostram inseparáveis, e que, em ambas as pesquisas, é perceptível a ampliação do poder de agir dos sujeitos – objetivo da Clínica da Atividade. Esses resultados apontam para uma nova via que se abre para a formação inicial de professores de línguas.
Intervenção, pesquisa e formação: ações para a aprendizagem do trabalho docente e para o desenvolvimento de professores
Authors: Lousada Eliane Gouvêa
Published: January 2018

Neste artigo, visamos a apresentar uma estrutura de formação de professores de francês que se estrutura a partir de aspectos encontrados na situação de trabalho dos professores, bem como nas dificuldades e soluções vivenciadas no ambiente profissional e concretiza-se em uma uma intervenção  na situação de trabalho, visando à sua transformação. Os resultados da intervenção são analisados em diversas pesquisas de mestrado, doutorado, entre outras. Esses resultados e as análises decorrentes são utilizados, posteriormente, como recursos para a formação docente.
Analisa Link Balancing dan Failover 2 Provider Menggunakan Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Pada Router Cisco 7606s
Authors: Darmawan Darmawan , Imanto Teguh
Published: December 2017

Sistem link balancing dan failover merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk membagi beban traffic dari client pada beberapa koneksi internet, dapat sebagai backup/failover ketika salah satu koneksi internet mengalami gangguan. Pada perancangan sistem ini digunakan 4 buah router, yaitu terdiri dari satu router cisco 7606s yang berfungsi sebagai main gateway yang mengatur sistem failover dan link balancing menuju ke 2 buah router mikrotik RB951G 2HND sebagai jalur kedua ISP dan router mikrotik CCR1036-12G-4S sebagai gateway dari FTP server. Tiap router tersebut memiliki Autonomus System Number yang berbeda yang saling berkomunikasi menggunakan routing Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Dari hasil pengujian penggunaan link balancing dengan besar bandwidth 10 mb/s, didapatkan throughput 794 KB/s, sedangkan yang tidak menggunakan link balancing dengan bandwidth sebesar 20 mb/s, didapatkan nilai throughput hanya 136 KB/s. Penggunaan link balancing dapat memanfaatkan besar bandwidth yang ada dan meningkatkan throughput, dibandingkan tidak menggunkan link balancing. Pada pengujian delay, menggunakan link balancing hanya delay 1.24 ms, sedangkan tidak menggunakan metode link balancing mencapai 8.19 ms. Nilai latency didapatkan 12 ms untuk menggunakan link balancing sedangkan tidak menggunkan metode link balancing mencapai 1896 ms.
Pembangunan Sistem Informasi Rawat Jalan Berbasis Web dengan Fitur Mobile pada Puskesmas Tarok Kota Payakumbuh
Authors: Hariyati Dini , Akbar Ricky , Silvana Meza
Published: December 2017

The Center for Public Health (Puskesmas) serves as the primary health service center in outpatient services. One of them is Tarok Puskesmas which is one of the public health centers in Payakumbuh. Currently the outpatient service system in Tarok Puskesmas is still done manually so that there is often a long process of information exchange or the occurrence of misinformation between sections in the puskesmas. Therefore, an application is required to improve the system by designing and building a web-based information system using mobile features. Development methods on this system use waterfall method and application testing using blackbox testing method. The system is designed by analyzing the needs of the current system with three functionalities, ie viewing the history of patient visits, viewing medical records, and viewing reports of puskesmas that can be described by contex diagrams in seven entities, ie patients, admissions officers, policemen, pharmacists, Doctors, and leaders. This app is designed using a PostgreSQL database. This outpatient information system database has eleven tables, ie patient table, visit table, traffic_transaction table, family_name table, drug table, employee table, access table, poly table, disease table, preset table, and transaction table. The test results show that the implementation results have been in accordance with the functional requirements of system applications.
Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) [Lepidoptera: Pyralidae] larval population dynamics as affected by intra-row spacing, sowing dates and biopesticides on cowpea
Authors: Muhammad A. , Malgwi A. M. , Adamu R. S.
Published: December 2017

The objective of the research was to test the effect of sowing dates, intra-row spacing and biopesticides on the larval population dynamics of M. vitrata in Samaru, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out with biopesticides (B0; control, B1; Neem seeds kernel extract (NKE), B2; Maruca vitrata Multi-nucleopolyhedrosis virus (MaviMNPV) suspension and B3; Cyper diforce (30 g cypermethrin + 250 g dimethoate). The result at 10 WAS showed that varying sowing dates to SD3 significantly (P=.01) reduced mean population of M. vitrata larva in sampled flowers in all the years and the combine. MaviMNPV was effective in reducing pod borer populations (7.22, 6.11 and 6.67) better than NKE (10.19, 5.74 and 7.96) and Cyper diforce (7.41, 8.89 and 8.15). The control significantly recorded the highest mean (11.67, 12.59 and 12.13) population in all the years and the combined. Similarly, varying sowing dates to SD3 significantly reduced mean population (5.56, 5.00 and 5.28) of M. vitrata in cowpea pods sampled 10 WAS better than SD1 and SD2. Statistically similar effect of biopesticides was observed on mean population of M. vitrata, however, the control recorded the highest mean (22.59 and 13.89) in 2015 cropping season and the combined. High cowpea grain yield was obtained in SD2 (337.85, 689.10 and 800.66 kg ha-1) even though statistically similar with SD3 (244.89, 618.10 and 639.68 kg ha-1). Cyper diforce treated plots gave the highest yield of 394.56, 887.69 and 976.51 kg ha-1 during 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons and combine but was statistically at far (P=.01) with NKE and MaviMNPV. The interaction of SD2 and Cyper diforce gave the highest grain yield. The effect of sowing at SD2 and insecticide spray will give a better control of M. vitrata for an increased yield of cowpea in the study area.