bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived autonomy support from healthcare professionals and physical activity among breast cancer survivors: A propensity score analysis
Authors: Plante Audrey , Gauvin Lise , Sabiston Catherine M. , Doré Isabelle
Published: December 2023

The majority of women treated for breast cancer are physically inactive although physical activity (PA) could attenuate many adverse effects of cancer and treatment. Autonomy support from healthcare professionals may improve PA initiation, adherence and maintenance. This study aimed to determine, using a causal inference approach, whether or not perceived autonomy support (PAS) from healthcare professionals is associated with light, moderate, and vigorous intensity PA among women treated for breast cancer. Data were drawn from the longitudinal study “Life After Breast Cancer: Moving On” (n = 199). PAS was measured with the Health Care Climate Questionnaire and PA was assessed using GT3X triaxial accelerometers. Associations between PAS and PA were estimated with linear regressions and adjusted estimations were obtained using propensity score-based inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW). Results reveal no association between PAS and PA of light (β^(95%CI) = -0.09 (-0.68, 0.49)), moderate (β^ (95%CI) = -0.03 (-0.17, 0.11)), or vigorous (β^(95%CI) = 0.00 (-0.03, 0.02)) intensity. Different forms of engagement and support by healthcare professionals should be explored to identify the best intervention targets to encourage women to adopt and maintain regular PA in the cancer continuum.
Callosobruchus maculatus males and females respond differently to grandparental effects
Authors: Amiri Azam , Bandani Ali R.
Published: December 2023

In this study, we used the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and two essential oils (mint and rosemary) to investigate the effect of the parents (F0) exposure to a sublethal dose of essential oil on grand offspring (F2) encountering the same essential oil. Then we evaluated biological parameters, including immature development time, sex ratio, adult emergence, egg number, egg hatch, longevity, and mating behaviors in three generations (F0, F1, and F2). Results showed when F0 experienced essential oil in the embryonic stage, parental and grandparental effects were more severe than adulthood experiences. Also, grandparental effects increased or decreased reactions of F2 generation when faced with a similar essential oil, depending on grand offspring sex. For example, when grandparents experienced rosemary essential oil in the embryonic stage, they produced more tolerant female grand offspring with a better ability to cope with the same essential oil (increased adult longevity and egg number). However, male grandoffspring were more sensitive (had a higher mortality percentage and less copulation success). Grandparental effects of exposure to mint essential oil diminished female grand offspring longevity and improved male copulation behavior parameters such as increased copulation duration and decreased rejection by females. In all, grandparental effects were different in male and female grand offspring based on the essential oil type experienced by F0.
Robust SMC-PSS and AVR design: A grid connected solar concentrated OTEC system application
Authors: Abubakr Hussein , Lashab Abderezak , Mohamed Tarek Hassan , Vasquez Juan C. , Guerrero Josep M. , Dahab Yasser Ahmed
Published: December 2023

This work analyzes the stability and performance of an offshore solar-concentrated ocean thermal energy conversion system (SC-OTEC) tied to an onshore AC grid. The OTEC is a system where electricity is generated using small temperature differences between the warm surface and deep cold ocean water. Existing control methods for SC-OTEC systems lack coordination, hindering dynamic stability and effective damping for the synchronous generator (SG). These methods struggle to quickly adapt to sudden disturbances and lack the capability to adequately reject or compensate for such disturbances due to complex control constraints and computational demands. To this regard, a control strategy combining sliding mode control (SMC) and a power system stabilizer (PSS) to improve the SC-OTEC dynamic stability and damping features for the SG. Moreover, an auxiliary secondary automatic voltage regulator is assembled with a non-linear exciter system to provide damping features. The proposed PID-PSS and secondary AVR controller gains are adaptively tuned using a modified whale optimization algorithm with the balloon effect modulation. The studied SC-OTEC is tested through MATLAB/Simulink under a severe 3ϕ short-circuit fault, solar radiation variations, and a change in surface seawater temperature as well as changes in local loads. The final findings approved that the proposed control strategy preserves a strong performance and can mimic effectively the proposed SC-OTEC damping compared to the conventional system.
Taxonomic profiling of Nasutitermes takasagoensis microbiota to investigate the role of termites as vectors of bacteria linked to ironwood tree decline in Guam
Authors: Setia Garima , Chen Junyan , Schlub Robert , Husseneder Claudia
Published: December 2023

The ironwood tree (Casuarina equisetifolia, familyCasuarinaceae), an indigenous agroforestry species in Guam, has been threatened by ironwood tree decline (IWTD) since 2002. Formation of bacterial ooze by the wilt pathogen from theRalstonia solanacearumspecies complex and wetwood bacteria (primarilyKlebsiellaspecies) has been linked to IWTD. In addition, termite infestation of trees was statistically associated with IWTD. Termites are known carriers of a diverse microbiome. Therefore, we hypothesized that termites could be vectors of bacteria linked to IWTD. To investigate the potential role of termites as pathogen vectors, we employed next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing to describe the bacteria diversity ofNasutitermes takasagoensis(Family Termitidae) workers collected from 42 ironwood trees of different disease stages in Guam in association with tree-, plot-, and location-related factors.Nasutitermes takasagoensisworkers account for the majority of termite infestations of ironwood trees. The bacterial phyla composition ofN.takasagoensisworkers was typical for wood-feeding higher termites consisting mainly of Spirochaetes and Fibrobacteres. However,Ralstoniaspecies were not detected andKlebsiellaspecies were rare even in termites collected from trees infected withRalstoniaand wetwood bacteria. Feeding experiments suggested that termites prefer to consume wood with low pathogen content over wood with high pathogen load. Termites were able to ingestRalstoniabutRalstoniacould not establish itself in healthy termite bodies. We concluded thatN.takasagoensisworkers are not vectors forRalstoniaspp. or the bacterial endophytes associated with wetwood (Klebsiella,Pantoea,Enterobacter,Citrobacter,and Erwinia) that were previously observed in IWTD-infested trees. The bacterial diversity in termite samples was significantly influenced by various factors, including Tree Health, Site Management, Plot Average Decline Severity, Proportion of Dead Trees in the Plot, Proportion of Trees with Termite Damage in the Plot, Presence of Ralstonia, and Altitude.
Strategic replacement of soybean meal with local cotton seed meal on growth performance, body composition, and metabolic health status indicators in the major South Asian carp Catla catla for aquaculture
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Haroon , Khan Noor , Fatima Mahroze , Rashid Muhammad Afzal , Davies Simon J.
Published: December 2023

This study assessed the effect of substituting soybean meal (SBM) with cotton seed meal (CSM) on different biological traits in thaila (Catla catla). Fish (n = 225) with an average initial body weight of 41.53±0.68 g were shifted into hapas (3 (L) x 2 (W) x 1 (D) m) in triplicate (15 fish/replicate). Hapas were divided into five dietary groups: 0CSM, 25CSM, 50CSM, 75CSM, and 100CSM diet treatments were administered diets for a period of 90 days. SBM was replaced by CSM at the levels of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The results showed that fish survival and growth performance were not affected by the inclusion of CSM in the fish diet up to 50% as a replacement of SBM, but higher replacement levels showed a negative effect. Similarly, body composition and most of the muscle amino acid profiles were not affected significantly (P>0.05) by replacing SBM with CSM. Digestive enzyme activities were significantly (P<0.05) decreased by increasing the level of CSM in the fish diet. Alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels increased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing dietary CSM levels, while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels remained the same. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) activity decreased significantly (P<0.05), but superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity showed no change. For the intestine, the villus height to villus width ratio and thickness of Tunica muscularis were also better in 25CSM, and their values decreased as the CSM inclusion level increased in the fish diet. In conclusion, SBM could be replaced partially (up to 50%) with CSM without compromising growth performance, whole body proximate composition or immunity ofC.catla.
Spatial confinement of Trypanosoma brucei in microfluidic traps provides a new tool to study free swimming parasites
Authors: De Niz Mariana , Frachon Emmanuel , Gobaa Samy , Bastin Philippe
Published: December 2023

Trypanosoma bruceiis the causative agent of African trypanosomiasis and is transmitted by the tsetse fly (Glossina spp.). All stages of this extracellular parasite possess a single flagellum that is attached to the cell body and confers a high degree of motility. While several stages are amenable to culturein vitro, longitudinal high-resolution imaging of free-swimming parasites has been challenging, mostly due to the rapid flagellar beating that constantly twists the cell body. Here, using microfabrication, we generated various microfluidic devices with traps of different geometrical properties. Investigation of trap topology allowed us to define the one most suitable for singleT. bruceiconfinement within the field of view of an inverted microscope while allowing the parasite to remain motile. Chips populated with V-shaped traps allowed us to investigate various phenomena in cultured procyclic stage wild-type parasites, and to compare them with parasites whose motility was altered upon knockdown of a paraflagellar rod component. Among the properties that we investigated were trap invasion, parasite motility, and the visualization of organelles labelled with fluorescent dyes. We envisage that this tool we have named “Tryp-Chip” will be a useful tool for the scientific community, as it could allow high-throughput, high-temporal and high-spatial resolution imaging of free-swimmingT. bruceiparasites.
Asymmetric and symmetric protein arginine methylation in methionine-addicted human cancer cells
Authors: Holtz Ashley G. , Lowe Troy L. , Aoki Yusuke , Kubota Yutaro , Hoffman Robert M. , Clarke Steven G.
Published: December 2023

The methionine addiction of cancer cells is known as the Hoffman effect. While non-cancer cells in culture can utilize homocysteine in place of methionine for cellular growth, most cancer cells require exogenous methionine for proliferation. It has been suggested that a biochemical basis of this effect is the increased utilization of methionine for S-adenosylmethionine, the major methyl donor for a variety of cellular methyltransferases. Recent studies have pointed to the role of S-adenosylmethionine-dependent protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) in cell proliferation and cancer. To further understand the biochemical basis of the methionine addiction of cancer cells, we compared protein arginine methylation in two previously described isogenic cell lines, a methionine-addicted 143B human osteosarcoma cell line and its less methionine-dependent revertant. Previous work showed that the revertant cells were significantly less malignant than the parental cells. In the present study, we utilized antibodies to detect the asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) products of PRMTs in polypeptides from cellular extracts and purified histone preparations of these cell lines fractionated by SDS-PAGE. Importantly, we observed little to no differences in the banding patterns of ADMA- and SDMA-containing species between the osteosarcoma parental and revertant cell lines. Furthermore, enzymatic activity assays using S-adenosyl-ʟ-[methyl-3H] methionine, recombinantly purified PRMT enzymes, cell lysates, and specific PRMT inhibitors revealed no major differences in radiolabeled polypeptides on SDS-PAGE gels. Taken together, these results suggest that changes in protein arginine methylation may not be major contributors to the Hoffman effect and that other consequences of methionine addiction may be more important in the metastasis and malignancy of osteosarcoma and potentially other cancers.
A high-fat and fructose diet in dogs mirrors insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction characteristic of impaired glucose tolerance in humans
Authors: Gregory Justin M. , Kraft Guillaume , Dalla Man Chiara , Slaughter James C. , Scott Melanie F. , Hastings Jon R. , Edgerton Dale S. , Moore Mary C. , Cherrington Alan D.
Published: December 2023

This study examined the impact of a hypercaloric high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD) in dogs as a potential model for human impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The HFFD not only led to weight gain but also triggered metabolic alterations akin to the precursors of human T2DM, notably insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Following the HFFD intervention, the dogs exhibited a 50% decrease in insulin sensitivity within the first four weeks, paralleling observations in the progression from normal to IGT in humans. Calculations of the insulinogenic index using both insulin and C-peptide measurements during oral glucose tolerance tests revealed a significant and sustained decrease in early-phase insulin release, with partial compensation in the later phase, predominantly stemming from reduced hepatic insulin clearance. In addition, the Disposition Index, representing the β-cell’s capacity to compensate for diminished insulin sensitivity, fell dramatically. These results confirm that a HFFD can instigate metabolic changes in dogs akin to the early stages of progression to T2DM in humans. The study underscores the potential of using dogs subjected to a HFFD as a model organism for studying human IGT and T2DM.
«E lo heziste enhorcar de una almena». El asesinato del secretario Francisco de Robledo a manos de su señor, Juan Téllez Girón, IV Conde de Ureña (1535)
Authors: Martín Humanes José María
Published: December 2023

En la primavera de 1535, por causas desconocidas, Juan Téllez Girón, IV conde de Ureña, mandó matar a Francisco de Robledo, su secretario personal y hombre de confianza. Pese a contar con una trayectoria de décadas al servicio de los girones, Robledo fue torturado y colgado de las murallas de la fortaleza de Peñafiel (Valladolid), quedando su cuerpo expuesto durante días frente a la multitud. La noticia de aquel sórdido suceso corrió como la pólvora por toda Castilla. Su impacto llevó a la corona a iniciar una investigación para determinar lo ocurrido y, más tarde, a instar a la apertura de un proceso criminal por homicidio contra el propio conde y los que participaron en la ejecución. El tribunal, integrado por los miembros del Consejo Real, declaró culpables a todos los acusados y los sentenció a elevadas penas económicas, de destierro y muerte. En las páginas que siguen nos aproximaremos a los detalles que rodearon el asesinato de Francisco de Robledo por el «Conde Santo», un caso tan controvertido como desconocido que, curiosamente, terminó resolviéndose con un acuerdo extrajudicial y la emisión del perdón real en 1538. Sin duda, un excelente estudio de caso que nos permitirá profundizar en la situación de la Casa de Osuna a inicios de siglo XVI, y en el complejo funcionamiento de la administración de justicia hispánica en la edad moderna.
Primera Aproximación al polen conservado en un espacio megalítico del cantábrico occidental: El dolmen de corredor de la Cobertoria (3500 a. c.), Salas, Asturias
Authors: Rodríguez del Cueto Fernando , Díaz González Tomás E. , Fernández Casado María de los Ángeles , Busto Zapico Miguel
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo es parte de la información obtenida entre 2016 y 2019 en las excavaciones del dolmen de corredor de la Cobertoria: especialmente, en la última de las fases constructivas del megalito, datada por radiocarbono a mediados del cuarto milenio antes de Cristo. La clara ventaja de la arquitectura del corredor es que conformó una cápsula que captó información medioambiental del entorno; todo ello a pesar de su apertura a buen seguro esporádica durante las acciones funerarias. Un cribado inicial de muestras de los sedimentos por parte de los botánicos permitió recuperar allí polen prehistórico, que fue contextualizado arqueológicamente a partir de una secuencia bien aquilatada en sus principales fases. Gracias a ello sabemos de la existencia no solo de posibles cultivos en el entorno, como gramíneas o leguminosas, sino también de hongos que afectaron a distintos cereales. El polen también permitió identificar una serie de árboles que acabaron recalando en el acceso dolménico, junto a especies habituales en la recuperación de suelos tras incendios, como los helechos. Por último, también aparecieron arbustos habitualmente empleados como combustible en la lucha de las comunidades prehistóricas contra el bosque.
MOTIVES FOR A SOBER LIFESTYLE AND MEASURES TO SPREAD IT: RESULTS OF A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors: Stol Anna V.
Published: December 2023

A factor in the health of the population is a sober lifestyle, free from addictive behavior. To assess the scale of addictions, their causes, ways to reduce the problem, a sociological survey of teachers from the Republic of Bashkortostan, who observe and fix the dynamics in the motives, roles and practices of a sober lifestyle. A sober lifestyle has become a social norm. Stressful situations, lack of support, dissatisfaction with life, difficult life situation, heredity and a tendency to addiction contribute to addictions. The main motives for choosing a sober healthy lifestyle are health as a value for a person, family traditions and education, sobriety as a principled position in life. Among the measures to expand the practice of a sober lifestyle, supplement anti-alcohol and anti-drug policies, are conditions for sports and other types of leisure creation, strengthen restrictive measures, promote healthy lifestyles, solve employment problems and improve the welfare of the population.
Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje y Desarrollo en el Instituto de Educación Superior 9–029
Authors: Bustos Adriana Valeria , Merciel José Francisco , Gallardo Guillermo
Published: December 2023

En la época contemporánea, se manifiestan una gran gama de transformaciones sociales y culturales que constituyen un nuevo escenario —complejo— para la educación. Por lo tanto, se considera que la educación enfrenta el desafío de incluir a todos los niños/as, jóvenes y adultos/as, de garantizar puntos de partida y de llegada, desde un enfoque de protección y promoción de derechos. 

Asimismo, las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación (TIC), impactan en las maneras de conocer, relacionarse, comunicar/se y producir conocimiento. En síntesis, con ello, y desde un enfoque relacional con la tecnología, podemos expresar que existe una simbiosis —personas/tecnologías— ya que las personas se modifican con la tecnología y ellas modifican a la tecnología también. Asimismo, Burbules y Callister (2006) manifiestan que «existe una ambivalencia y mutua influencia entre persona y tecnología», es decir, hay una línea difusa entre lo humano y lo tecnológico ya que «somos tecnología».  

En el presente trabajo se muestran las prácticas realizadas por el Instituto de Educación Superior 9–029 para fomentar la inclusión de las TIC en el ámbito educativo, desde una postura relacional con la tecnología, a partir del análisis realizado mediante las matrices FODA y Matriz TIC de Lugo y Kelly.
Portrait of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus for the prescription of the type I interferon inhibitor anifrolumab
Authors: Reshetnyak T. M. , Aseeva E. A. , Shumilova A. A. , Nikishina N. Yu. , Shkireeva S. Yu. , Lila A. M.
Published: December 2023

In recent years the use of monoclonal antibodies that block activity of type I interferon (IFN) or its receptors has become the new approach in the pharmacotherapy of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Objective: to characterize patients with SLE treated with the type I IFN receptor inhibitor anifrolumab (AFM, Saphnelo®).

Material and methods. The prospective 12-month study included 21 patients with SLE who met the 2012 SLICC criteria. Standard laboratory and immunological markers for SLE were examined in all patients. The SLEDAI-2K index was used to determine the activity of SLE and the CLASI index was used to determine the severity of the mucocutaneous syndrome. Organ damage was assessed using the SLICC/ACR Damage Index (DI). The LupusQol and FACIT-Fatigue questionnaires were used to analyze health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Results and discussion. Female patients prevailed in the study, female/male ratio – 17 (81%)/4 (19%), median age – 31 [27; 46] years, disease duration – 9 [6.0; 11.0] years. The majority of patients (86%) had moderate or high disease activity according to the SLEDAI-2K index. Among the clinical manifestations of SLE, skin and mucous membranes lesions predominated (81%). Non-erosive polyarthritis of varying severity was observed in 66% of cases. Serositis showed 24% of patients (pleurisy, pericarditis), 43% had hematological abnormalities (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia) and 14% - urinary syndrome (daily proteinuria up to 0.5 g/l and/or urinary sediment – leukocytes/erythrocytes/cylinders up to 5 in the field of view in the absence of urinary tract infection). All patients had immunological disorders. 14% of them were diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and 43% with Sjögren's syndrome.

All patients received hydroxychloroquine, 95% received glucocorticoids (GC) from 5 to 60 mg/day, 66% received immunosuppressants (cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, methotrexate). 33% of patients had anamnesis of treatment with biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (rituximab, belimumab, dual anti-B-cell therapy) and Janus kinase inhibitor baricitinib. All patients experienced a significant deterioration in HRQoL.

Conclusion. The indications for prescribing AFM to 21 patients with SLE were: active SLE according to SLEDAI-2K and/or CLASI with predominant involvement of skin, its appendages and development of polyarthritis with immunological disorders, intolerance/ineffectiveness of previous standard therapy and inability to achieve low average daily doses of oral GCs. Other clinical manifestations in some patients were: serositis, mild hematological disorders (Coombs-positive anemia, leukopenia), urinary syndrome. AFM could be prescribed for a combination of SLE with secondary APS and Sjögren's syndrome as well as for a high DI SLICC.
Efficacy and safety of the Gam-COVID-Vac in patients with immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases: preliminary data of prospective study
Authors: Kulikov A. N. , Muravyeva N. V. , Belov B. S. , Gridneva G. I. , Aronova E. S.
Published: December 2023

Objective: to study the efficacy and safety of the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine in patients with immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) in a prospective study.

Material and methods. The study included 42 patients with IRD and 57 individuals without IRD (control group) who received at least one component of Gam-COVID-Vac. Immunization with the first component of the vaccine was carried out from March 25th to August 1st, 2022, the second – 3 weeks after the first dose. On days 1, 3 and 7 after administration of the first and second components, the study participants provided information on adverse events (AEs) by telephone. All subjects were examined by a rheumatologist 1, 3 and 6 months after complete immunization. The observation period after immunization with the second dose was 6 months.

Results and discussion. 42 patients received the first component of the vaccine, and 39 patients received two components. In the control group, 57 subjects were immunized with two components of the vaccine. 30–180 days after vaccination with two components of Gam-COVID-Vac, 3 (7.7%) patients were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. In all cases, a mild course of COVID-19 without signs of pneumonia was observed. There were no cases of COVID-19 in the control group. After immunization with the first component, a combination of at least one local and one systemic AE (SAE) was documented in 28.6% of patients with IRD and 33.3% of individuals in the control group (p>0.05). No AEs were recorded in 42.9% and 36.8% of cases respectively (p>0.05). After vaccination with the second component, a combination of ≥1 local AE and SAE was recorded in 15.4 % of patients with IRD and 22.8% of individuals in the control group (p>0.05). No AEs occurred in 71.8% and 56.1% of cases respectively (p>0.05). In 10.3% of patients with IRD and 12.3 % of those without IRD (p>0.05), a combination of local and systemic AEs was recorded after the introduction of both first and second components. No AEs were observed in 35.9% and 28.1% of cases, respectively (p>0.05). The overall rate of IRD exacerbations was 4.8%.

Conclusion. Based on the available data, vaccination against COVID-19 appears to be effective and quite safe in patients with IRD.
Methods for Exploring Indeterminate Textuality in John Cage’s Practices of Bibliographic Encoding
Authors: Lischer-Katz Zack 
Published: December 2023

The increasing ubiquity of algorithmically mediated digital texts continues to generate debate about the instability and indeterminacy of texts. The American composer John Cage is well known for disrupting traditional Western aesthetics by incorporating chance operations, algorithms, and indeterminacy into his musical compositions and literary texts. This article analyzes materials found in the pre-print archive of Cage’s printed book, M (published in 1973 by Wesleyan University Press), in order to understand how Cage brought his aesthetic of indeterminacy into print. Through analysis of archival materials, it is argued that Cage exercised control over the performance and reading of his texts, even as he ceded authorial control to the aleatory processes of the I Ching — the ancient Chinese book of divination — and to the arbitrary choices of the typesetter/printer. This article offers new understanding about algorithms and indeterminacy in the performance of bibliographic codes.
Imperialist Propaganda and the Ideology of the Western Left Intelligentsia
Authors: Rockhill Gabriel , Dingqi Zhao
Published: December 2023

It is no mistake that XYZ. In this interview with Zhao Dingqi of World Socialism Studies, Gabriel Rockhill dives deep into the CIA's campaign to propagate thinly veiled imperialist and capitalist ideology through the institutions of the Western left intelligentsia—and how this state of affairs continues among intellectuals to this day.
Trauma Informed Care Can Enhance Whole Person Care to Meet the Quadruple Aim
Authors:   California State University, Long Beach, Perley Rebecca , Ganzel Barbara
Published: December 2023

Objective: Whole person care typically includes a biopsychosocial, interdisciplinary treatment approach with the intent of improved health outcomes and savings in total dollars spent on healthcare providers and services. Its multidimensional approach to a patient’s physical and mental health makes it the model of choice for achieving the quadruple aim of healthcare reform. However, we argue that whole person care is incomplete in its current form due to its lack of attention to the public health impact of stress and psychological trauma. Methods: We used seminal articles, original research and theory, and a variety of databases such as PubMed, and Google Scholar to research our topic. Results: Whole person care would benefit from the integration of traumainformed care practices, so that it can better meet the quadruple aim by addressing these broader public health concerns. Trauma-informed care was selected because it understands, recognizes, and responds appropriately to trauma in patients and providers, which enhances the effectiveness of healthcare delivery and reduces the impact of social inequity. Conclusion: Integrating traumainformed care into whole person care can help achieve the quadruple aim, as well as the newly proposed fifth aim of advancing health equity, because social inequity increases stress and exposure to psychological trauma.
LOCAL BIREFRINGENCE ANALYSIS IN GLASS HARDENED VIA ION EXCHANGE METHOD
Authors: Fedotov S. S. , Savinkov V. I. , Mashir Yu. I. , Ozerova A. I. , Naumov A. S. , Veselov I. A. , Mamadzhanova E. H. , Ziyatdinova M. Z. , Sigaev V. N.
Published: December 2023

For the first time, a local Abrio method for estimating birefringence was applied to hardened glasses, and the distribution of microstresses in float glass subjected to ion exchange hardening was studied. The possibility of precision determination of the thickness of the stressed layer is shown, the correlation between the depth of the stressed layer and the penetration depth of potassium cations during ion exchange is established.
FIXATION OF THE OPTICAL FIBER IN THE CONNECTOR USING HYDROGEL
Authors: Zhikina L. A. , Minkin A. M. , Krasnovskikh M. P. , Yatsenko E. A. , Ketov A. A.
Published: December 2023

A method of fastening optical fiber in a quartz connector with a sodium polysilicate hydrogel obtained in a cylindrical gap between the connector and the fiber due to the alkaline decomposition of quartz surfaces of parts was developed.
The conditions of thermal decomposition of the hydrogel are determined and it is shown that the decomposition of the hydrogel with the formation of a cellular structure is possible at temperatures below the temperature of thermal decomposition of the polymer coating of the fiber. The conditions for obtaining and thermal properties of the hydrogel are determined. Conclusions are drawn about the suitability of the proposed method for fixing optical fiber in a quartz connector.
Towards Authentic Online Assessment of Learner Performance at United States International University-Africa (USIU-Africa)
Authors: Namada Juliana Mulaa , Kiarie Bernadatte Kamene
Published: December 2023

Achieving authentic learner assessment is not an easy task. Online teaching and learning require assessment of both formative and summative assessment. The combination of the two types of assessments facilitates measurement of learning outcomes, application of knowledge, metacognition through reflection and self-assessment, interaction through collaborative activities, creation of new knowledge and achievement of higher order thinking which is a daunting task to many organizations. This study focused on moving towards achievement of authentic online assessment of learner performance. It sought to achieve five research questions including establishing the status of online assessment, determining digital tools used on online assessment, finding out the factors which affect exam credibility, examining the extent to which formative assessment contributes to authentic learner assessment and establishing the extent to which summative assessment contributes to authentic learner assessment. The study adopted a mixed method approach which collected and analyzed both qualitative and quantitative data. This triangulation approach facilitated complementarity of the data to adequately interrogate the research questions. Data was collected from faculty members, chairs of departments and the dean for the Chandaria School of Business. Analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings indicate that the status of online assessment was based on the face-to-face approach, a variety of digital tools were being used in online assessment while several factors associated with learner and instructor support affected examination credibility. The study established that formative assessment contributed significantly and positively towards authentic learner assessment while summative assessment’s contribution to authentic learner assessment was dismal. This study concluded that educational technology tools facilitate learner assessment, and the online examination credibility is key to achieving better results. While both formative and summative assessments are important authentic assessments, more emphasis needs to be placed on formative assessment. The study recommends support to both the learners and the instructors. Specifically, the instructors need to be trained in assessment approaches which lead to authentic learner performance.
Regionale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und europäischer Binnenmarkt
Authors: Sinz Manfred , Steinle Wolfgang J.
Published: December 2023

Ausgehend von Thesen zur unterschiedlichen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit bzw. Betroffenheit der Regionen und Städte durch die bevorstehende Vollendung des EG-Binnenmarkts wird versucht, mit Hilfe von Indikatoren der Laufenden Raumbeobachtung erste empirische Befunde zu erhalten. Zur Abschätzung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit werden Indikatoren wie
Planen im offenen System
Authors: Becker-Marx Kurt
Published: December 2023

Es ist heute viel von den „Technikfolgen“ die Rede und von deren „Einschätzung und Bewertung“. Das Phänomen unerwünschter technischer Reflexe stammt nach Ansicht des Verfassers aus einer überholten Theorie der Technik, die noch auf die Gewerbeordnung des Jahres 1869 zurückgeht. Die Konsequenzen reichen bis in den Umweltschutz.Es gibt nun eine Reihe neuer und sachgerechter Technik-Ansätze. Dieser Beitrag befaßt sich damit, einen Überblick über die wichtigsten von ihnen zu geben und deren Realisierungschancen durchzumustern. Dabei scheinen die auf langfristige Erwartungen aufgebauten Theorien allerdings wenig geeignet, für kurzfristige Probleme der Technikbewältigung nützlich zu sein, wozu im Einzelfall spezielle Bedenken treten mögen. Geeignet erscheinen die vor allem auf Jay Forrester zurückgehenden Methoden der Systemanalyse, die als die zeitgerechte Fortbildung sehr alter und geschichtsbildender Muster der Planung, vor allem der Raumplanung, gelten können. Aber diese Methoden haben nur eine sehr geringe Politikrelevanz, weil sie sich zu sehr auf die politische Umsetzbarkeit ihrer Analysen verlassen. Das verkennt den politischen Prozeß. Sie werden die dann unvermeidbare Introversion nur vermeiden können, wenn sie sich auch in die prozessualen Methoden einbinden lasen, welche die Planung in langen Entwicklungsgängen erarbeitet hat. Daß diese Methoden heute nicht immer wünschenswert funktionieren, ist kein wesentlicher Einwand.Das Ergebnis würde dann auf Technikbewältigung in einem permanenten, evolutiven, in einem offenen Prozeß hinauslaufen. Dahin scheint die Entwicklung ohnehin zu treiben, wobei allerdings die Verwirklichung um so teurer wird, je länger man den Eintritt hinauszögert. Nur darin liegt eine echte Gefahr der Technikfolgen.Der Bundestag wird zum 30. April 1989 den Zwischenbericht der Enquete-Kommission entgegennehmen, die sich mit diesen Fragen befaßt hat. Er wird dann bedeutsame Entscheidungen zu treffen haben.
Neue Prioritäten im Abwägungsprozeß
Authors: Hübler Karl-Hermann
Published: December 2023

Eingangs des Beitrags wird die These vertreten und belegt, daß die raumordnerischen Abwägungsergebnisse zumeist noch von Wertentscheidungen abgeleitet werden, die aus den 50er/60er Jahren stammen und zum großen Teil überholt sind.Sodann werden die wesentlichen methodischen und inhaltlichen Mängel dargestellt, die bei einer Untersuchung zahlreicher durchgeführter Raumordnungsverfahren (ROV) oder Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfungen (UVP) ermittelt wurden.Im Schlußteil des Beitrags werden Vorschläge gemacht, wie künftige Abwägungsentscheidungen problemadäquater und „gerechter“ erfolgen sollten.
Abgrenzung regionaler Arbeitsmärkte
Authors: Eckey Hans-Friedrich
Published: December 2023

Die Ergebnisse im Rahmen der empirischen Regionalforschung sind stark von der Abgrenzung der der Analyse zugrundegelegten Beobachtungseinheiten abhängig. Je nach gewählter Regionalisierung können Wirtschaftsräume als „gesund“ oder „krank“ erscheinen. Die zieladäquate Abgrenzung im Rahmen der regionalen Strukturpolitik besteht in der Abgrenzung funktionaler Raumeinheiten, d. h. in der Zusammenfassung von Arbeitsplatzzentrum und Umland (regionale Arbeitsmärkte). Da Arbeitskräfte eine unterschiedliche Mobilität besitzen, stehen die regionalen Arbeitsmärkte nicht unabhängig nebeneinander, sondern in einer Hierarchie.Die im Rahmen der Gemeinschaftsaufgabe „Verbesserung der regionalen Wirtschaftsstruktur“ vorgenommene Einteilung der Bundesrepublik entspricht weitgehend dem geforderten Funktionalprinzip. Leider wird von ihm in mehreren Fällen abgewichen und der Hierarchisierung der Arbeitsmärkte nicht Rechnung getragen. Ein weiterer Kritikpunkt besteht darin, daß in verschiedenen Ressorts (unnötigerweise) mit unterschiedlichen Raumabgrenzungen gearbeitet und hierdurch eine notwendige Koordination der einzelnen Fachpolitiken erschwert wird.
Ansätze zur Flächeneinsparung im Verkehr
Authors: Topp Hartmut H.
Published: December 2023

Die Ansätze zur Flächeneinsparung im Verkehr liegen in der Dämpfung des Verkehrsaufwandes, in der Verlagerung von Verkehr auf flächenschonende Verkehrsmittel und in einer flächensparenden Auslegung der Verkehrsanlagen selbst. Letzterer Ansatzbereich mit der Frage nach planerischen und technischen Standards des Autoverkehrs, mit sparsamer Dimensionierung der Straßenverkehrsanlagen und mit dem Konzept der Stadtverträglichkeit des Verkehrs steht im Mittelpunkt der folgenden Ausführungen.Die Geschwindigkeiten im Autoverkehr sind der dominierende Parameter des Flächenverbrauchs. Geringere Geschwindigkeiten führen zu deutlich höheren Leistungsfähigkeiten: Dies wird an den Beispielen einer zweispurigen Landstraße und einer Stadtautobahn gezeigt.Geringere Geschwindigkeiten ermöglichen kleinere Entwurfselemente: Dies wird verdeutlicht am Beispiel einer Autobahnanschlußstelle, an der fahrgeometrischen Bemessung von Sammelstraßen und Erschließungsstraßen und an Schmalfahrbahnen auf städtischen Hauptstraßen.Bei geringeren Geschwindigkeiten sind die vielfältigen Benutzungen städtischer Straßen eher verträglich; und Verträglichkeit der Nutzungen spart Fläche. Stadtverträgliche Geschwindigkeiten heißt: Tempo 50 auf vorfahrtberechtigten Hauptverkehrsstraßen, Tempo 30 und Rechts-vor-Links auf allen übrigen Straßen.Verkehrssanierung überzogener „Lösungen“ der 60er und 70er Jahre ist eine Hauptaufgabe ökologisch und sozial orientierter Verkehrsplanung: Hierzu werden Beispiele aus Frankfurt am Main, Buxtehude, Hamm und Düsseldorf behandelt.Das Ziel der Flächeneinsparung im Verkehr läuft grundsätzlich parallel und gleichgerichtet mit anderen Zielkomponenten des Umweltschutzes.
Gebührenpolitik im Fernmeldewesen und Raumordnung
Authors: Kordey Norbert
Published: December 2023

Im Hinblick auf die Entfernungsabhängigkeit der Gebühren gibt es erhebliche Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Fernmeldediensten. Insbesondere bei denjenigen Diensten, die als Netzinfrastruktur das Fernsprechnetz nutzen, hängt die Gebührenhöhe stark von der Entfernung ab. Aufgrund der technischen Entwicklung entspricht diese Gebührenregelung jedoch nicht mehr den bei der Bereitstellung der Dienste entstehenden Kosten.Von regionalpolitischer Seite wird ein Abbau der Entfernungskomponente bzw. eine entfernungsunabhängige Gebührenregelung vorgeschlagen, die dazu beitragen soll, bestehende Benachteiligungen peripherer Räume zu vermindern. Ordnungspolitiker und kommunikationsintensive Betriebe fordern kostenorientierte Tarife, was z. B. die Gebühren für Ferngespräche erheblich vermindern würde. Vorliegender Beitrag untersucht am Beispiel des Telefons, welche Gebührenstrategie aus raumordnungspolitischer Sicht zu unterstützen ist und kommt zu folgendem Ergebnis:Entfernungsunabhängige Gebühren bedeuten nicht nur eine Verbilligung der Ferngespräche, sondern auch eine erhebliche Verteuerung der Nahgespräche. Letzteres würde insbesondere Haushalte und Betriebe mit überwiegend nahversorgender Funktion benachteiligen. Die Forderung nach einer generellen Kostenorientierung der Fernmeldegebühren läuft auf eine Aufweichung des Prinzips der Tarifeinheit im Raum hinaus, was eindeutig raumordnungspolitischen Interessen entgegensteht. Unterstützenswert erscheint hingegen eine Strategie, die versucht, den Gebührensprung an der Nahbereichsgrenze durch eine Erhöhung der Taktzeiten über mittlere Distanzen abzubauen.
Möglichkeiten der Flächeneinsparung bei Stromleitungen
Authors: Wagner Gerhard
Published: December 2023

Spätestens mit der Bodenschutzkonzeption der Bundesregierung von 1985 ist die Relevanz der Forderung nach einer „flächensparenden und landschaftsschonenden Flächennutzungspolitik“ offenkundig. Die praktischen Konsequenzen dieser Forderung sind in den einzelnen Fachplanungen sehr unterschiedlich entwickelt. In dem Bereich der Stromleitungs-Trassenplanung ist eine Diskussion hierüber in den letzten fahren in Gang gekommen.Es gibt mehrere direkte und indirekte Instrumente, die mit dem Ziel der Flächeneinsparung bei der Planung von Stromleitungen eingesetzt werden können. Die Stromwirtschaft selbst kann durch den Ausbau verbrauchsnaher, kapazitätsangepaßter Anlagen der Stromerzeugung bewirken, daß der überregionale Stromtransport reduziert oder der zumindest sonst notwendige Ausbau des zentralen Verbundnetzes entbehrlich wird. Durch Verkabelung und durch Maßnahmen der Netzrationalisierung entsteht ebenso ein erhebliches Potential der Flächeneinsparung. Netzrationalisierung kann auf dem Wege stärkerer Kooperation zwischen Verbund‑, Regional- und Orts-EVU bei Planung und Betrieb erfolgen, aber auch über eine Konzentration auf wenige leistungsfähige Spannungsstufen, über Höherspannung, über Mehrfachleitungen auf gemeinsamem Gestänge usw. Werden dabei Leitungen funktionslos, ist an Rückbau zu denken; eine kaum diskutierte und bislang nur wenig praktizierte Maßnahme.Indirekt hat aber auch die Planungs- und Genehmigungspolitik Einflußmöglichkeiten insbesondere dann, wenn sie beispielsweise im Abwägungsprozeß von Raumordnungsverfahren oder in naturschutzrechtlichen Verfahren auch Bedarf, Null-Varianten und Alternativplanungen prüft. Auch die weitreichende Untersuchungspflicht der Energieaufsicht erfordert, daß sie neben Sicherheit und Preisgünstigkeit der Versorgung in gleichrangiger Weise Ziele des Umweltschutzes und der Ressourcenschonung, also auch Ziele der Minimierung des Land- und Landschaftsverbrauchs, zu berücksichtigen hat.
Zweckzuweisungen für kommunale Investitionen – ein Instrument räumlicher Steuerung?
Authors: Hotz Dieter
Published: December 2023

Zweckzuweisungen für kommunale Investitionen gehören zu den Politikbereichen, in denen vielfältige Aufgaben der vertikalen und horizontalen Koordination bestehen. Nach einer theoretischen Herleitung des Zusammenhangs von Raumordnung und Zweckzuweisungen für kommunale Investitionen wird dargelegt, daß die räumliche Vollzugskontrolle der Zuweisungsvergabe noch in den Anfängen steht.Daran anschließend werden die Ergebnisse einer Fallstudie über das Investitions- und Finanzierungsverhalten einer Mittelstadt Nordrhein-Westfalens vorgestellt. In dieser Untersuchung – vgl. Forschungen zur Raumentwicklung der Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landeskunde und Raumordnung, Band 16, Bonn 1987 – werden die Wirkungen von Zweckzuweisungen en detail anhand abgeschlossener Investitionsvorhaben – u. a. aus den Bereichen Schulbau, Sportstättenbau, Verkehrswegebau, Feuerwehrgebäude und Wanderwegebau – dargestellt.Abschließend werden Reformmöglichkeiten der Zweckzuweisungsvergabe diskutiert und ein Ausblick gegeben.
Peningkatan Karakteristik Biokomposit Pektin Kulit Jeruk dan TiO2
Authors: Silvia Deli , Annisa Siti Nur
Published: December 2023

Indonesia menghasilkan sekitar 7,8 juta ton sampah plastik setiap tahunnya. Hampir 83% sampah tersebut berasal dari daratan dan lautan, sisanya 17% berasal dari wilayah pesisir. Limbah ini mengakibatkan terjadinya pencemaran tanah, air, laut bahkan udara terhadap organisme dan lingkungan. Sehingga perlu adanya alternative dalam penggunaan kemasan, salah satunya dengan penggunaan biokomposit. Kemasan yang bersifat compostable dan biodegradable dengan menggunakan bahan alami. Telah dilakukan penelitian pembuatan biokomposit dari pati porang, pektin kulit jeruk, sorbitol dengan penambahan variasi TiO2 (b/v) (0%, 0,3%, 0,5% dan 0,7%). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis sifat karakteristik biokomposit sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Dengan melakukan pengujian karakteristik biokomposit berupa uji ketebalan, uji kuat tarik, uji elongasi, dan uji elastisitas. Nilai tertinggi pengujian karakteristik biokomposit diperoleh pada konsentrasi 0,7% dengan nilai ketebalan 0,182 mm; kuat tarik 8,473 MPa; elongasi 64,05% dan elastisitas 0,0185 MPa. Hasil yang diperoleh telah dibandingkan dengan nilai SNI, dan telah memenuhi SNI 7188.7:2016 sebagai kantong belanja.  Indonesia produces around 7.8 million tons of plastic waste every year. Almost 83% of this waste comes from land and sea, with the remaining 17% coming from coastal areas. This waste causes pollution of soil, water, sea and even air to organisms and the environment. So there needs to be an alternative in the use of packaging, one of which is the use of biocomposites. Packaging that is compostable and biodegradable using natural materials. Research has been conducted on the manufacture of biocomposites from porang starch, orange peel pectin, sorbitol with the addition of TiO2 variations (b/v) (0%, 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7%). The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of biocomposites according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). By testing the characteristics of biocomposites in the form of thickness test, tensile strength test, elongation test, and elasticity test. The highest value of biocomposite characteristics testing was obtained at a concentration of 0.7% with a thickness value of 0.182 mm; tensile strength of 8.473 MPa; elongation of 64.05% and elasticity of 0.0185 MPa. The results obtained have been compared with SNI values, and have met SNI 7188.7: 2016 as a shopping bag.