bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of empty container management
Authors: Blažina Antonio , Ivče Renato , Mohović Đani , Mohović Robert
Published: December 2022

Shipping containers are known as a crucial equipment for global trade. Most of their lifespan containers are spending empty, being in process of repositioning or sitting in a yard. Increasing trade imbalances globally set up empty container logistics as one of the main concerns in container shipping industry. In line with that issue, this paper will analyse the roots of empty container imbalance and port congestion, emphasizing the importance of proper empty container management and challanges which appear along the way. Results of the research show that there is room for improvement while dealing with management of empty containers which primarly implies a cognition of the imbalance problem and long-term predictions as well as mutual cooperation of all parties involved. Furthermore, new solutions and higher level of digitalization will be required to succesully and efficiently handle today’s challanging situations. Reducing empty container transport to a minimum is the key point, where foldable containers and container interchange between carriers can greatly contribute. Efficiency of empty container management must be reflected in increased environmental sustainability throughout the shipping process.
Exhaust emissions reduction and fuel consumption from the LNG energy system depending on the ship operating modes
Authors: Martinić-Cezar Siniša , Bratić Karlo , Jurić Zdeslav , Račić Nikola
Published: December 2022

In today’s environment of increasing pressure to reduce fuel consumption and emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), the LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) transportation industry is growing in size and influence. In this context, further efforts are needed to improve the energy efficiency of LNG marine energy power plant. The LNG vessels and their equipment considered in this study have different power consumption requirements depending on the vessel’s mode of operation (loading/unloading, maneuvering, anchoring, at sea, etc.). For each ship mode, where the power plant requirements are the same, the specific fuel consumption (SFOC) and exhaust emissions, NOx and CO2, are compared with a different number of engines in the network to find the optimal number of engines in the network, considering both the safety aspect and the port requirements. An analysis was performed showing the efficiency of the on-board power management system (PMS) in terms of manual load sharing between engines. A comprehensive analysis of the data and its comparison led to the conclusion that the manual distribution of power among the engines is the slightly better solution.
The obtained results show that further analysis of the number of engines for a given load with minimum fuel consumption and CO2 and NOx emissions is required.
Marina Business in Relation to Development
Authors: Piplica Damir , Peronja Ivan , Luković Tihomir
Published: December 2022

Marina Business, or Marina in&with Business is a new term in the terminology of nautical tourism, introduced in Croatia in the conditions of COVID-19. In other words, the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the old, disorganized relationships of entities operating in and with marinas. The damaged relations during the pandemic showed all the illogic in their existing relations as well as the damage to the better results of Croatian charters and ports of nautical tourism, especially marinas. The fact that the state distanced itself from the economy and the development of entrepreneurship was reflected in the development of nautical tourism in Croatia, which developed independently in all its sub-forms after the Homeland War. Favourable post-war opportunities on the market of nautical tourism offer, i.e. lagging in the development of nautical tourism capacities and high dynamics of tourism demand, favoured nautical tourism enterprises that achieved positive business results until the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. If the problem of cruising is excluded, both large world cruises and small domestic cruises, nautical tourism ports, especially marinas and charters, developed dynamically, but with the intention of doing profitable business, the problems gradually deepened. At the same time, the relationship problem could not be solved due to the good mutual business results. The emergence of the pandemic in 2020 showed the other side of the cooperative relationship between charterers and marinas, which for both subjects led to the distancing of the state in aid programs that should have been specific and not general for subjects of all types of businesses. In addition to the problems of charters and marinas, it is also necessary to consider the activity of skippers, who are of great importance for Croatian charter, which is considered the largest in the world. The services of skippers are used by about 40% of sailors, and they are an important segment for the success of the Croatian charter business. It should be noted here that in the further paragraphs of this paper the terms nautical tourism ports and marinas will be used, and this is because charter is mainly located in marinas and only to a lesser extent in other forms of nautical tourism ports, so it is also mentioned in nautical tourism ports. Thus, the relationship “marina-charter-skippers” represents a working symbiosis that links it to the intention of all successful businesses. The goal of the research is to valorise the factors of the quality of business cooperation and good business relationships that ensure profitable business for everyone. The research hypothesis states that the necessary good business cooperation can be achieved through a higher level of cooperation than before.
Schedule Reliability in Liner Shipping
Authors: Yazar Okur İlknur Gizem , Tuna Okan
Published: December 2022

Due to the complex structure of the transportation systems, disruptions in transport operations may occur from time to time. In liner shipping, it is seen that shipping lines frequently deviate from the transit times announced in their vessel schedules, and this leads to schedule unreliability. This leads to schedule unreliability and affects all stakeholders. Based on actual transportation data, this study aims to evaluate the transit time reliability performance of shipping lines and the factors that may affect transit time reliability to investigate schedule reliability in liner shipping. To evaluate the transit time reliability of shipping lines’, transit time deviations were calculated based on observations containing 5080 transport data of shipping lines and current performances are discussed. Hypotheses were tested with independent sample t-test and Welch’s ANOVA to examine the factors affecting transit time reliability. Tamhane’s T2 post-hoc test was used to determine the difference between groups. Results show that transit time reliability of shipping lines is low. It has been observed that the type of service, season, vessel age, and TEU capacity of the vessel factors affect the transit time reliabillity. With this study, shipping lines can evaluate their reliability performances according to the competition. At the same time, lines can use these results to understand, evaluate and manage factors that affect their transit time reliability. In this direction, suggestions have been made to the shipping lines to contribute to improving transit time reliability and service quality. This article is regarded to close the gap in evaluating transit time reliability in liner transportation because it relies on actual transportation data.
Risk assessment of the extraordinary pollution in the Adriatic Sea as an economically important area for the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Malnar Teo , Šabalja Đani , Đorđević Marko , Komadina Pavao
Published: December 2022

Risk assessment links the likelihood of adverse events occurring to their consequences. Such assessment is used in labour management and trade-off determination to identify the safety and impacts associated with a particular interest. In the maritime sector, it is mainly used to raise safety standards, prevent pollution, and maintain a healthy marine ecosystem. Risk control itself is traditionally focused on the relationships between individual actions and consequences, which are later considered in groups to assess their acceptability in accordance with safety requirements. Therefore, the risk assessment for the extraordinary pollution of the Adriatic Sea as an economically important area for the Republic of Croatia are described in this paper. First, the area of analysis is defined, and a meteorological description of the eastern Adriatic coast is provided. The risk assessment is carried out in three steps. The first step is a description of waterways, and the analysis of traffic density, regulations, and types of vessels in individual areas. The second step is a detailed analysis of statistical data on accidents in the Adriatic Sea. Finally, the most probable and the most undesirable extraordinary pollution events and their impact on the Croatian economy are analysed. In addition, examples and procedures for determining risk acceptability and its control in a part of the Croatian coast are presented.
Global market factors that impact Baltic Dry Index
Authors: Pepur Petar , Peronja Ivan , Laća Stjepan
Published: December 2022

The Baltic Dry Index is used as a strategic tool by shipping companies to monitor the daily movement of freight rates for the transportation of bulk cargoes on predetermined routes for the different types of bulk carriers. Therefore, the management of shipping companies pays great attention to the factors that can contribute to the prediction of the price movement of the Baltic Dry Index.
Main goal of this paper is to explore if stock market indices of United States of America (S&P 500 stock index) and China (Shanghai stock exchange Composite index), 10 Year bond yield, CRB index, WTI Crude oil and Gold as global market factors, but also as leading macroeconomic global indicators, have impact on movement of BDI. We explored period from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2021, with monthly data for which the multiple linear regression method was used to analyse mentioned global market factors impact on BDI.
The research found that the movement of S&P 500 and SSECI stock indices and CRB index had a positive impact on the movement of BDI, while the movement of Gold and WTI crude oil had negative impact on BDI for the observed period. The scientific contribution of this paper is manifested through observation and exploring relationship of mentioned global market factors with BDI, previous papers observed shorter time period and included macroeconomic indicators which are lagging, together with some global market factors.
RASIO KEUANGAN BANK DAN METODE CAMEL (ANALISIS KESEHATAN BANK)
Authors: Zahra Sufiani
Published: December 2022

Analisis rasio keuangan adalah analisis yang menghubungkan perkiraan neraca dan laporan laba rugi terhadap satu dengan lainnya, yang memberikan gambaran tentang sejarah perusahaan serta penilaian terhadap keadaan suatu perusahaan tertentu. Analisis rasio keuangan memungkinkan manajer keuangan meramalkan reaksi para calon investor dan kreditur serta dapat ditempuh untuk memperoleh tambahan dana. Dalam mengadakan interpretasi dan analisis laporan keuangan suatu perusahaan, seorang penganalisis memerlukan adanya ukuran tertentu. Ukuran yang sering digunakan dalam analisis keuangan adalah rasio. Pengertian rasio sebenarnya hanyalah alat yang dinyatakan dalam “aritmatical terms” yang dapat digunakan untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara dua macam data keuangan. Macamnya rasio banyak sekali, karena dapat dibuat menurut kebutuhan penganalisis. Salah satu rasio laporan keuangan adalah rasio laporan keuangan bank. Rasio laporan keuangan bank adalah rasio yang digunakan untuk menilai kinerja usaha bank dalam suatu periode akuntansi, akan tetapi disini rasio yang digunakan lebih bersifat kompleks daripada rasio-rasio yang digunakan untuk menilai kinerja perusahaan nonbank pada umumnya. Risiko yang dihadapai bank jauh lebih besar ketimbang perusahaan nonbank sehingga beberapa rasio dikhususkan untuk memperhatikan rasio ini. Pengolahan laporan keuangan dibuat sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan. Analisis yang digunakan dalam hai ini menggunakan rasio-rasio keuangan sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku. Laporan keuangan yang belum diaudit masih diragukan kebenarannya, sehingga rasio-rasio yang dihitung juga kurang akurat.
PENGARUH SOLVABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN REAL ESTATE
Authors: Muhajir
Published: December 2022

Rasio solvabilitas, profitabilitas dan likuiditas memberikan pengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Perusahaan yang memiliki solvabilitas yang baik cenderung mempunyai citra yang baik di mata pasar karena pasar akan menganggap bahwa perusahaan itu mampu untuk melunasi kewajiban jangka pendek dan jangka panjangnya, sehingga dianggap dapat terhindar dari risiko kebangkrutan.Perusahaan yang memiliki profitabilitas tinggi cenderung mempunyai nilai perusahaan yang tinggi pula karena jika laba yang diperoleh perusahaan tinggi, maka pasar juga akan memiliki perspektif yang baik pula terhadap perusahaan tersebut sehingga dengan begitu perusahaan juga akan lebih bernilai di mata perusahaan. Perusahaan yang memiliki likuiditas yang baik akan dinilai positif oleh pasar karena perusahaan tersebut dianggap likuid dan mampu melunasi kewajiban jangka pendeknya.
Analisis Kesehatan Bank Dengan Metode CAMEL
Authors: Rahmadana
Published: December 2022

Kesehatan bank merupakan gambaran kondisi kinerja bank sehingga dapat menjadikan media pengawasan terhadap bank. Kesehatan bank berfungsi sebagai informasi bagi kepentingan semua pihak terkait baik pemilik, pengelola (manajemen), dan masyarakat pengguna bank. Penilaian kesehatan bank dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan berdasarkan resiko dan menyesuaikan faktor-faktor penilaian tingkat kesehatan bank. Industri perbankan yang sehat sangat dibutuhkan dalam sebuah negara termasuk Indonesia, karena dengan adanya industri perbankan yang sehat, fungsi bank dapat berjalan dengan baik yang akhirnya dapat berdampak positif terhadap perekonomian negara.Bank merupakan suatu lembaga yang mendapatkan izin untuk mengarahkan dana yang berasal dari masyarakat berupa simpanan dan menyalurkan dana kepada masyarakat yang berupa pinjaman, sehingga bank berfungsi sebagai alat untuk menghimpun dan menyalurkan dana kepada masyarakat. Masyarakat pada umumnya memerlukan adanya mekanisme yang dapat dijadikan perantara penyaluran tabungan dari penabung ke investor, berdasarkan kesepakatan mengenai pembayaran dan pelunasannya.
Analisis Laba Kotor
Authors: Ramadhona Indah
Published: December 2022

Analisis laba kotor adalah analisis yang digunakan untuk mengetahui jumlah laba kotor dari periode ke satu periode. Kemudian juga untuk mengetahui sebab-sebab berubahnya laba kotor tersebut antara periode. Data yang dibutuhkan untuk analisis laba kotor adalah: 1). Target yang telah ditetapkan, 2). Pencapaian hasil laba pada periode tersebut, 3). Laba pada beberapa periode sebelumnya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perubahan laba kotor disebabkan empat faktor : 1. Berubahnya harga jual; 2. Berubahnya jumlah (kuantitas) barang yang dijual; 3. Berubahnya harga pokok penjualan, 4. Berubahnya jumlah (kuantitas) barang yang dijual.
Two sources of uncertainty in estimating tephra volumes from isopachs: perspectives and quantification
Authors: Yang Qingyuan , Jenkins Susanna
Published: December 2022

Calculating the volume of tephra erupted is important for estimating eruption intensity and magnitude. Traditionally, tephra volumes are estimated by integrating the area under curves fit to the square root of hand-drawn isopach areas. Previous studies have attempted to quantify the uncertainty in this approach, but not all sources of uncertainty have been well-analyzed or addressed. In this work, we study two such sources of uncertainty in estimating tephra volumes based on isopachs. The first source is model uncertainty. It occurs because no fitted curves perfectly describe the tephra thinning pattern, and the fitting is done based on log-transformed thickness and the square-root of isopach area. This model uncertainty is often omitted or considered compensated for or overridden by the presence other sources of uncertainty. The second source of uncertainty occurs because thickness must be extrapolated beyond the available data (i.e. beyond isopachs), which makes it impossible to validate the extrapolated thickness. It has been pointed out in a previous work, but remains unresolved. We demonstrate the importance of the two sources of uncertainty on a theoretical level. We use six isopach datasets with different features (e.g., spacing, coverage, and number of isopachs) to demonstrate their presence and the effect they could have on volume estimation. Measures to better represent the uncertainty are proposed and tested. For uncertainty arising from the model uncertainty, we propose: i) a better-informed and stricter way to report and evaluate goodness-of-fit, and ii) that uncertainty estimations be based on the envelope (or union thickness) defined by different well-fitted curves, rather than volumes estimated from individual curves. For the second source of uncertainty, we support reporting separately the volume portions that are interpolated between isopachs and those that are extrapolated, and we propose to test how sensitive the total volume is to variability in the extrapolated volume. The two sources of uncertainty should not be ignored as they could introduce additional bias, and lead to under- or over-estimated uncertainty in the volume estimate.
Making 'sense' of agency: the bodily self has a time and place
Authors: de Boer Debbie Margaretha Louisa , Johnston Patrick , Namdar Farhang , Kerr Graham , Cleeremans Axel
Published: December 2022

How does the brain distinguish between the signals it produces and the sensations it registers from the environment? To shed light on this, it was investigated if the human mind could be capable of perceiving an avatar’s body in a third person game as one’s own. To create precise, high-quality motion simulations, we uniquely combined a Virtual Reality-setup (Valve Index) with real-time motion capture (Vicon). In doing so, we systematically explored if (predictions of) self-actions allow the brain to infer self-location and to distinguish the body from the environment including other agents. A full-body illusion paradigm (FBI) was developed in VR with three movement conditions: (A) a standard, passive FBI in which people had no motion control; (B) an active FBI in which they made simple voluntary movements; and (C) an immersive game in which they real-time controlled a full-sized human avatar in third person (i.e., the first third person VR-game). Systematic comparisons between measures (implicit, explicit, exit-interview, and temporal binding) revealed a causal relationship between (i) sense of agency, (ii) self-other identification, and (iii) the ability to locate oneself. A loss in sense of agency was reported when movement was restricted, and a shift in self-location and self-identification towards the virtual body was experienced; which did not happen when healthy volunteers were (to some extent) able to voluntarily move. It is confirmed that motor predictions are salient cues for the brain that not only provide a sense of control in self-actions, but also recognition of the self in time and place. People can recognise their movements in a third-person avatar and psychologically align with it (action observation); but do not seem to lose a sense of place (self-location), time (temporal binding), nor who they are (self vs. other), because voluntary action codes the bodily self to a physical location in space. These results provide further evidence for our hypothesis (de Boer et al., 2020) and may shed light on how bodily self-consciousness is constructed. In the future, immersive game simulations could target and strengthen the brain’s control networks in psychosis, neurodegeneration (e.g., dementia, movement disorders) and old age. In addition, real-time motion simulations could help advance future rehabilitation techniques (e.g., to treat nervous system injury) by fine-tuning and personalising the therapeutic setting on demand.
Language disorders in patients with striatal lesions: deciphering the role of the striatum in language performance
Authors: Le Stanc Lorna , Youssov Katia , Giavazzi Maria , Sliwinski Agnes , Bachoud-Lévi Anne-Catherine , Jacquemot Charlotte
Published: December 2022

The classical neural model of language refers to a network of cortical areas involving frontal, parietal and temporal regions. However, patients with a subcortical lesion of the striatum have language difficulties. We investigated whether the striatum is directly involved in language processing or whether its role in decision-making has an indirect effect on language performance, by testing carriers of Huntington's disease (HD) mutations and controls. HD is a genetic neurodegenerative disease primarily affecting the striatum and causing language disorders. In this study, we asked carriers of the HD mutation in the premanifest (before clinical diagnosis) and early disease stages, and controls to perform two auditory discrimination tasks, one involving linguistic and the other non-linguistic stimuli. We used the hierarchical drift diffusion model (HDDM) to analyze the participants' responses and to assess the decision-making and non-decision-making processes (linguistic or non-linguistic) separately. We hypothesized that any language impairments related to decision-making impairments in HD mutation carriers would be reflected in the decision parameters of linguistic and non-linguistic tasks. We also assessed the relative contributions of both HDDM decision and non-decision parameters to the participants’ behavioral data (response time and discriminability). Finally, we investigated whether the decision and non-decision parameters of the HDDM were correlated with brain atrophy.The HDDM analysis showed that patients with early HD have impaired decision parameters relative to controls, regardless of the task (linguistic or non-linguistic). In both tasks studied, decision parameters better explained the variance of response time and discriminability performance than non-decision parameters. In the linguistic task, decision parameters were positively correlated with gray matter volume in the ventral striatum and putamen, whereas non-decision parameters were not. Our findings indicate that decision-making is affected in early HD, potentially accounting for impairment in language tasks involving choices between linguistic alternatives.In conclusion, we show here that the poor language performance of patients with striatal atrophy is better explained by a deficit of decision-making than by a deficit of core linguistic processing. These results suggest that the striatum is involved in language through the modulation of decision-making, presumably by regulating the process of choice between alternatives.
Operationalization Bias: A Suboptimal Research Practice in Psychology
Authors: Reddy Nagireddy Neelakanteswar
Published: December 2022

The recent replication crisis in psychology has alerted researchers to the presence of suboptimal research practices ― that are not the cases of fraud per se ― such as the practice of stopping data collection or deleting some of the data to attain statistical significance and the tendency to refrain from publishing null results. The suboptimal research practices may be motivated by the theoretical biases a researcher ― consciously or unconsciously ― holds and may be facilitated by the flexibility in collecting, analyzing, and reporting the data. This article discusses a suboptimal research practice, the operationalization bias, i.e., the practice of operationalizing a construct or phenomenon selectively, through the exclusive employment of one or very few variables and, in turn, neglecting to employ alternative operationalizations. Using the example of the operationalization of perception in the field of cognitive penetration, this article illustrates how operationalization biases can lead to false-positive findings and how the improvements in theory concerning a psychological construct will keep a check on the suboptimal research practices like the operationalization bias.
Pan and Rivers (2023) Metacognitive Awareness of the Pretesting Effect Improves with Self-Regulation Support
Authors: Pan Steven C. , Rivers Michelle L
Published: December 2022

The pretesting or prequestion effect refers to the counterintuitive finding that taking tests on information that one has yet to learn, during which many erroneous responses typically occur, can benefit learning relative to non-testing methods (e.g., reading) if the correct answers are studied afterwards. Using a knowledge updating approach that entailed two or three cycles of pretesting versus reading followed by a criterial test, we investigated (a) the extent to which learners develop metacognitive awareness of the pretesting effect through experience (as evidenced by predictions of criterial test performance), and (b) three forms of external support—namely performance feedback (displaying criterial test performance for pretested versus read items), prediction reminders (displaying learners’ predictions alongside performance feedback), and recall prompts (asking learners to remember criterial test performance during the first cycle prior to making predictions for the second cycle)—that might improve, or provide insights into, such awareness. Across five experiments, we found that learners generally lack awareness of the memorial benefits of pretesting, are predisposed to believing that reading is more effective even after repeatedly experiencing both techniques, and need support before they recognize that pretesting is more beneficial. Overall, these results underscore the challenge of, and highlight several means of dislodging, learners’ inaccurate beliefs about the efficacy of pretesting.
Prevalence and Patterns of Mental and Cognitive Impairments among Missing Older Adults in China
Authors: Zhang Yueyun , Zhang Zhihai
Published: December 2022

Objectives: The mental and cognitive issues of missing older adults, who represent an intersection of aging and missingness, have received little research attention despite the accelerated aging and concerning coverage of missing persons in many societies. This study outlined the prevalence and patterns of mental and cognitive impairments among missing older adults in China.Method: We collected and analyzed 32885 older adults (mean age, 73.6 years; female, 40.3%) who appeared on a missing-alert platform between 2017 and 2021. Each missing older adult had a missing-person appeal web page, which contained information provided by those who reported the missing and was intended to aid in the search for the missing individual. All measures were retrieved and coded from this information. Results: The overall levels of mental and cognitive impairments were 10.6% and 41.5%, respectively. Moreover, the levels of mental and cognitive impairments varied by demographic factors such as gender and age, and by spatiotemporal factors such as the region and year of missingness. Women exhibited higher levels of both mental and cognitive impairments. The increase in age was associated with lower levels of mental impairments but higher levels of cognitive impairments. Across regions, those from Northeastern China had significantly lower levels of mental and cognitive impairments. From 2017 to 2021, the mental or cognitive impairment levels declined first, but then substantially increased until the most recent year. Discussion: These findings enrich our understanding of the health of missing older adults as a distinct group within the expanding older adult population.
Studying the Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Between Two Dyes of Laser in an Aqueous Solution
Authors: R.Mohammed Yusser , S. Abdullwahab Waled
Published: December 2022

In the past quarter century, applications of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) have grown dramatically, and the technology has become an indispensable tool in a wide variety of biological and biophysical domains.  It is utilized, in order to acquire information on the conformational changes that occur in single molecules. By utilizing the fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, the pharmaceutical sector has also built huge fluorescence detection systems with extremely small sample sizes, reaching down to the level of single molecules. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the two dyes, Acriflavine (Acf) and Rhodamine B (RhB), were examined in solution. Energy transfer was observed in fluorescence resonance imaging solutions containing Acriflavine and Rhodamine B with different concentrations of the acceptor RhB dye in the range of (1.5×10-5 M  to 3.5×10-5M). Studies using Both UV–Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that the two dyes, when dissolved in solution, appear largely as monomers.
Physical Properties and Transmitted Sunlight of Polyvinyl Chloride/ZnO Nanocomposites Films
Authors: Ali Hussein , F. Hadi Al- Kadhemy Mahasin , Abdulmunem Saeed Asrar
Published: December 2022

The optical properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and PVC/Zinc Oxide (ZnO) films were considered with different amounts of ZnONPs (0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.004 and 0.005) g. Using a Tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution all films be prepared by casting method. XRD results showed the amorphous structure of PVC film and Hexagonal crystalline structure of ZnO NPs, PVC/ZnO nanocomposites appear as pattern of PVC films so the peaks of ZnO don’t appear in it. FESEM image of PVC, ZnO and structure of PVC/ZnO nanocomposites seems to have cluster aggregates in different size. FTIR spectra revealed that ZnONPs had no effect on the polymer structure as there are no covalent bonds between PVC and ZnO NPs. Increasing the amounts of ZnONPs was seen to improve the optical properties (Absorbance, absorption coefficient and extinction coefficient) for PVC polymer. PVC polymer transmittance and energy gap decreased from 5.25 eV to 4.98 eV with increasing the amounts of ZnO NPs in nanocomposites. The solar radiation intensity in Baghdad was measured at a rate of 1 hour for the pure PVC films and PVC/ZnONPs for seven consecutive days in a rate from 6 A.M. to 6 P.M. (13 h). As can be observed, all films have the same ratio of transmitted radiation strength to sunlight intensity for all hours and days.
A new approach to prepare nano hydroxyapatite from oyster shells used for dental applications
Authors: Aljaberi Kifayah , M. AlBadr Rafid , M. Ziadan Kareema
Published: December 2022

HA (hydroxyapatite) is considered one of the biomaterials widely, it is applied in many applications like medical and dentistry. In this research, NHA powder was prepared from some natural source rich in calcium carbonate, it was prepared by calcination method at 1200 ℃ for 2 hours. The samples were diagnosed by using various diagnostic tests including scanning electron microscopy (SEM (, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and density measurements. The XRD results showed that HA as-prepared high purity and the crystallite size as around 63.561± 11.327 nm, while the particle sizes≈ 63 nm according to BET, also EDX clearly showed elements (Ca, P, O). As for the density of NHA, it was measured and found to be equal to (2.98±0.1) g/cm3. Characterization results (XRD, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and BET) showed the morphological and structural properties of the Hydroxyapatite.
THE URGENCY OF SUNNI TASAWUF OF K.H. AHMAD SANUSI IN TATAR SUNDA: A STUDY OF SIRĀJ AL-AŻKIYĀ’ FĪ TARJAMAH AL-AZKIYĀ’
Authors: Tsamrotus Saadah Rifa , Mumtaz Ali Zaky
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT                                                                                                                                  
This article focuses on Sanusi's journey in promoting Sunni Sufism through his book Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ fī Tarjamah al-Azkiyā’ in the Sukabumi region of West Java. In his book, Sanusi not only focuses on Dakwah but also strengthens his position as a Sundanese ajeng who influences the way of Sunni Sufism in Sukabumi. The present study analyzed the preaching of Sanusi in the book Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ fī Tarjamah al-Azkiyā’ and the authority of Sanusi which strengthened the Sundanese people to be guided by the tarekat Islam (the teachings of the Sufis' journey). By using qualitative methods and deductive analysis, this article aims to present Sanusi's response and the power of his Dakwah in Suni Sufism through his book Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ fī Tarjamah al-Azkiyā’. The study found that on the one hand, the Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ fī Tarjamah al-Azkiyā’ shows the renewal of the integration of Sufism studies at the community level, Pesantrens and several taklim assemblies in Sukabumi, West Java. On the other hand, the book becomes an important reference for Sun­­­ni tarekat learners, especially the Sundanese people in Sukabumi.
Keywords: Ahmad Sanusi, Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ fī Tarjamah al-Azkiyā’, Tasawuf Sunni.
 ABSTRAK
Artikel ini memaparkan perjalanan K.H. Ahmad Sanusi dalam mempromosikan Tasawuf Sunni melalui kitabnya Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ fī Tarjamah al-Azkiyā’ di wilayah Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Dalam kitabnya, Sanusi tidak hanya fokus pada dakwah saja, namun ia juga menguatkan posisinya sebagai Ajengan Sunda yang mempe­ngaruhi wacana Tasawuf  Sunni di Sukabumi. Dengan mengguna­kan metode kualitatif dan analisis deduktif, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menghadirkan respon Sanusi dan kekuatan dakwahnya dalam Tasawuf Suni melalui kitabnya Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ fī Tarjamah al-Azkiyā’. Tulisan ini menganalisa dakwah khasnya dalam kitab Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ dan otoritas Sanusi dalam mengukuhkan masyarakat Sunda untuk berpedoman pada tarekat Islam. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pembaharuan dan integrasi kajian Tasawuf di tataran masyarakat, lembaga pesantren dan beberapa majelis tak­lim di Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Sisi lainnya menunjukkan bahwa kitab Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ menjadi referensi penting bagi pembelajaran tarekat Suni untuk masyarakat Sunda di Sukabumi.
 Kata kunci: Ahmad Sanusi, Sirāj al-Ażkiyā’ fī Tarjamah al-Azkiyā’, Tasawuf Sunni.
Comparison of Holt Winters and Simple Moving Average Models to Identify the Best Model for Predicting Flood Potential Based on the Normalized Difference Water Index
Authors: Ramadhan Raka Hikmah , Yusman Roni , Pranoto Gatot Tri
Published: December 2022

Flood is a condition in which water cannot be accommodated in a drainage channel such as a river or river. An area is said to be flooded if the water in the area is inundated in large quantities so that it can cover all or most of a large area. Determining forecasting or prediction on a potential in the long or short term, especially changes in water content levels in an area, requires a method, model, or approach that must be well tested. The lower the error value in a model, the better the model for testing a forecast. One of the data that can be used for analysis of potential flood models is the use of remote sensing data with technology from Landsat 8. The advantage of sensing data from Landsat 8 is that it has data good history and allows to see changes in land cover from year to year in an area. The purpose of this study was to determine the best model for forecasting the potential for flooding in an area using the Holt Winters model and the Simple Moving Average. The result of this research is that the RMSE, MAE, MAPE, MSE values in the Holt Winters model are 0.03598683, 0.02748707, 0.13944356, 0.00129505 while the RMSE, MAE, MAPE, MSE values on the Simple Moving Average are 0, 09681483, 0.06338657, 0.53775228, 0.00937311. The Holt Winters model is the best model of the Simple Moving Average because the forecast error value has a low value.
Analysis Manipulation Copy-Move on Image Digital using SIFT Method and Histogram Color RGB
Authors: Efendi Muhamad Masjun , Salman Salman , Subli Moh.
Published: December 2022

The application of the SIFT (Scale Invariant feature transform) algorithm and the RGB color histogram in Matlab can detect the suitability of objects in digital images and perform tests accurately. In this study, we discuss the implementation to obtain object compatibility on digital images that have been manipulated using the SIFT Algorithm method on the Matlab source, namely by comparing the original image with the manipulated image. The suitability of objects in digital images is obtained from the large number of keypoints obtained, other additional parameters, namely comparing the number of pixels in the analyzed image, as well as changes in the histogram in RGB color in each analyzed image. The purpose of this research is how to apply the SIFT (Scale Invariant feature transform) Algorithm and RGB color histogram to detect the suitability of objects in digital images and perform tests accurately. This study discusses the implementation to obtain object compatibility in digital images that have been manipulated using the SIFT Algorithm method on Matlab sources, namely by comparing the original image with the manipulated image. The suitability of objects in digital images is obtained from the large number of keypoints obtained, other additional parameters, namely comparing the number of pixels in the analyzed image, as well as changes in the histogram in RGB color in each analyzed image
Development of Mail Archive Management Information System at Lombok Tengah District Education Office
Authors: Fahmi Hairul , Fadli Sofiansyah , Ashari Maulana , Ramadhon Muhammad Syahid
Published: December 2022

The Mail Archive Management Information System at the Lombok Tengah Education Office was created for the effectiveness and efficiency of storing or managing incoming mail archives and outgoing mail archives at the Education Office. Management of mails that still use the manual method, namely by storing mail archives on folders, makes frequent errors in storage such as: loss of mails, tearing of mails and so on, as well as errors in recording and the duration of data searching. This Mail Archive Management Information System was designed and built using the waterfall method and MVC (Model View Controller) as the programming method, this information system is web-based, created using the PHP framework, namely CodeIgniter, HTML, Javascript, and CSS. As for the server, it uses a default Codeigniter local server. The management of the mail archives generated by the system is able to speed up the data searching process and is able to monitoring the amount of incoming mail, outgoing mail and the number of users using the system.
Ринок цифрової реклами
Authors:   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, ЯЦЮК Дмитро
Published: December 2022

Вступ. Цифрова реклама тривалий час домінує у загальній структурі ринку рекла­ми. Основними причинами цього є система­тичне збільшення кількості користувачів інтер­нету, розвиток технологій та електрон­ної комерції. Проблема. Частка офлайн-реклами в сукуп­них рекламних витратах останніми роками перманентно зменшується. Тому визначення стану ринку й основних трендів розвитку цифрової реклами, яка є вагомим рушієм еко­номіки, залишається актуальним. Метою статті є дослідження стану та основних тенденцій, які склалися на ринку цифрової реклами. Методи. Застосовано загальнонаукові ме­тоди дослідження, зокрема емпіричний (опис), та теоретичні (аналіз, синтез, абстрагування, узагальнення, індукція, дедукція, класифі­ка­ція тощо) для оцінювання сучасного стану рекламної галузі, а також системний для узагальнень результатів досліджень, форму­лю­вання висновків. Результати дослідження. У 2021 р. сегмент цифрової реклами досяг 521 млрд дол. США та має тенденцією росту 7–16 % щороку. В Україні цей сегмент за останні 10 років збіль­шився у понад 37 разів, тоді як загальний реклам­ний медіаринок – лише у 5 разів. Зростання ринку цифрової реклами тісно пов’я­зане з пенетрацією інтернету, розвитком тех­нологій та електронної комерції. Зокрема, від 40 до 80 % покупців перед покупкою здій­снюють пошук в інтернеті, що для рекла­модавця є можливістю для охоплення потен­ційної аудиторії цифровою рекламою. При­ріст корис­тувачів інтернету у 2021 р. стано­вив 4 %, при цьому час використання інтер­нету впродовж доби сягає майже 7 год. Висновки. Війна та пандемія спричиня­тимуть посилення стагнації в економіці та, як наслідок, збільшення частки витрат на цифрову рекламу. При цьому зростання рівня електронної комерції продовжиться, однак не такими темпами, як у довоєнний період. Сектор електронної комерції та цифрової реклами продовжуватиме зростати у 2022–2027 рр. Попри всі проблеми і виклики 2022 р., існує достатня кількість передумов того, що всі сфери цифрової реклами будуть розвива­тися і продовжувати зростати у 2023–2027 рр.
Цифровий маркетинг: європейські тренди
Authors:   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, МОНТРІН Ірина
Published: December 2022

Вступ. Інноваційні підходи до стратегії просування бренду в цифровому середовищі сприяють створенню позитивного іміджу підприємства, збільшенню поінформованості та впізнаваності серед цільової аудиторії, що дає змогу підвищити рівень конкурентоспро­можності й ефективності діяльності. Проблема. Зміна поведінки українців в умовах війни потребує нових підходів до фор­мування торгових пропозицій з урахуванням цінності нового українського цифрового про­стору й адаптування світових трендів циф­рового маркетингу для українських брендів на основі розробки нової моделі етичної взаємодії у соціальних медіа. Метою дослідження є визначення пере­думов трансформації європейських трендів циф­рового маркетингу та формування нової мо-делі етичної взаємодії у соціальних медіа шля­хом систематизації підходів до реалізації зав­дань комунікаційної політики європей­ських та українських брендів у цифровому середовищі. Методи. Використано методи аналізу та синтезу, системно-структурного аналізу, порів­няння та графічного зображення, логічного узагальнення результатів. Результати дослідження. Визначено тен­денції цифрового маркетингу на європейсь­кому ринку та виділено основні напрями циф­рової бренд-стратегії підприємства. Розкрито напрями реалізації комунікаційної стра­тегії брендів в українському цифровому середо­вищі як основної складової моделі етичної взаємодії у соціальних медіа в умовах війни. Висновки. Доведено необхідність інте­грації бізнесу та суспільства для посилення соціальної комунікації та підтримання еконо­міки України. Визначено інструментарій поєднання кому­нікацій у моделі етичної взаємодії в соці­альних медіа та представлено дієві методи розширення цільової аудиторії для поси­лення іміджу та розвитку бренду з чіткою національною позицією. Зауважено на необ­хідності розробки толерантного цифрового комерційного контенту з відображенням потреб держави та соціальної місії у стратегії роз­витку бренду. Перспективним напрямом подальших дослі­джень є розробка алгоритмів впровадження інноваційних підходів до формування комуні­кації брендів у цифровій маркетинговій діяль­ності підприємств у воєнний та повоєнний періоди.
Аукціонна торгівля культурними цінностями
Authors:   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, ІНДУТНИЙ Володимир , МЕРЕЖКО Ніна ,   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, КОМАХА Володимир ,   Державний торговельно-економічний університет
Published: December 2022

Вступ. Вартість, за якою реалізуються культурні цінності, залежить від сукупності чинників, пов’язаних з умовами й органі­за­цією процесу торгів. У більшості випадків вартість культурних цінностей є трансцен­дентною по відношенню до вартості матеріа­лів, з яких вони створені, тому її прогнозу­вання базується на комплексі "властивостей відношення". Проблема. Необхідність подальшої авто­матизації процесів обробки вихідної інфор­мації про стан ринків культурних цінностей, яка є важливою для отримання вірогідної екс­пертної оцінки. Методи. Для аналізу ринку культурних цінностей використана авторська методика збирання й обробки аукціонної та біржової інформації, де предметом вивчення слугували стартові та прикінцеві показники вартості. Результати дослідження. Узагальнено результати емпіричних спостережень особ­ли­востей і стратегій роботи низки аукціонів та бірж, що дало змогу виділити три основні етапи формування вартісних показників куль­турних цінностей. Перший етап характери­зується тим, що товар набуває особливої привабливості для покупця завдяки відносно низьким показникам ціни – спекулятивним показникам (етап спекулятивної торгівлі), які уможливлюють перепродати його швидко та з вигодою. Другий етап формування вартіс­них показників відповідає якісним характерис­тикам, притаманним об’єкту продажу; спосте­рігається висока автореляція між якісними показниками товару та його вартістю, зафік­со­ваною в процесі торгу. Показники якості на цьому етапі відіграють роль основних моти­вацій щодо формування остаточного показ­ника ціни. Третій етап описує ситуацію ажіо­тажного попиту, яка виникає на прикін­цевій стадії торгів, коли всі аргументи сто­совно якісних характеристик культурних цін­ностей вже вичерпані й подальше збільшення вар­тості залежить лише від емоційного стану та фінансових можливостей потенційних покупців. Висновки. Зміни вартісних показників культурних цінностей впродовж терміну про­ве­дення торгів проходять у три етапи – спе­кулятивний, аргументований та емоцій­ний, кожний з яких зумовлений принципово різ­ними мотивами продавців та потенційних покупців, а також є результатом їхньої взаємодії.
Безглютенові булочні вироби на основі лляного борошна з псиліумом
Authors:   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, МЕДВЕДЄВА Анжеліка , АНТОНЮК Ірина ,   Державний торговельно-економічний університет
Published: December 2022

Вступ. Здоров’я та тривалість життя людини залежать від нормального функціонування всіх її внутрішніх органів, що зумовлено, зокрема, якісним харчуванням. Целіакія (або глютенова ентеропатія) – це захворювання, що супроводжується непере­носністю глютену – білка злакових культур. Поширеність целіакії у країнах Європи ста­новить приблизно 0.6 % у морфологічно під­тверджених випадках і 1 % у серологічному скринінгу населення загалом. Перші рекомен­дації однакові – сувора безглютенова дієта. Проблема. Останніми роками особливого попиту набувають безглютенові хліб та хлібо­булочні вироби, які виготовляють переважно з використанням рисового, кукурудзяного та гречаного борошна, що мають високий гліке­мічний індекс. Тому цікавою альтернативою цим видам борошна стане лляне, завдяки своїй зручності, нейтральному смаку та низькому глікемічному індексу. Метою наукового дослідження є обґрун­тування та розроблення технології безглю­тенових хлібобулочних виробів з викорис­танням борошна лляного, псиліуму та куркуми. Методи. Органолептичну оцінку зразків проведено за 5-бальною шкалою, харчову і біо­логічну цінність розраховано за таблицями хімічного складу. Результати дослідження. Відпрацю­вання технології виробництва безглютенової бу­лочки Льонок з використанням борошна лля­ного, псиліуму та куркуми привело до покра­щання органолептичних властивостей та підви­щення харчової й біологічної цінності виробу, а саме збільшення вмісту харчових волокон на 87 %, а також мінеральних речовин і вітамінів. Висновки. Розроблено технологію безглю­тенових булочок Льонок з використанням борошна лляного, псиліуму та куркуми, що покращує органолептичні та фізико-хімічні показники нових виробів. Булочні вироби на основі лляного бо­рошна рекомендовано для вживання хворим на целіакію й алергію на глютен, а також всім здоровим людям, які хочуть знизити вжи­вання глютену.