bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN ANAK
Authors: Novita
Published: September 2023

Pendekatan keadilan restoratif dapat diterapkan dengan penyelesaian terhadap anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum melalui diversi, diversi adalah pengalihan penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana dari proses peradilan pidana ke proses di luar pengadilan atau dari jalur hukum ke jalulr non hukum, serta adanya kesepakatan dari pihak pelaku, korban dan keluarganya. Tujuan memberlakukan diversi pada kasus seorang anak antara lain adalah menghindarkan proses penahanan terhadap anak dan pelabelan anak sebagai penjahat. Anak didorong un tuk bertanggung jawab atas kesalahannya. Jadi, pada dasarnya pengertian diversi adalah pengalihan dari proses peradilan pidana keluar proses formal un tuk diselesaikan secara musyawarah. Pelaksanaan diversi dilatarbelakangi keinginan menghindari efek negatif terhadap jiwa dan perkembangan anak oleh keterlibatannya dengan sistem peradilan pidana. Pelaksaan diversi oleh aparat penegak hukum didasari oleh kewenangan aparat penegak hukum yang disebut diskresi. Tindakan selanjutnya setelah adanya diversi adalah pengawasan terhadap jalannya pelaksanaan penetapan diversi yang dikeluarkan oleh pengadilan, pengawasan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kejelasan pelaksanaan kesepakatan yang telah dicapai oleh para pihak.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM PEKERJA ASING DALAM KONSEP OMNIBUS LAW
Authors: GG Kasenda Dekie
Published: September 2023

Rancangan undang-undang cipta kerja telah diserahkan pemerintah kepada DPR RI untuk untuk selanjutnya dibahas dengan harapan dapat disepakati bersama untuk disahkan menjadi undang-undang. Bahwa rancangan undang-undang cipta kerja yang dibuat oleh pemerintah menganut konsep Omnibus Law yang merupakan hal baru dalam sistim pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan di Indonesia sehingga ketika gagasan ini dikumandangkan oleh pemerintah dalam hal ini Presiden Joko Widodo disambut pro dan kontra di masyarakat sehingga terjadi berbagai kelompok diskusi-diskusi baik dari kalangan perguruan tinggi, para Ahli Hukum serta pemerhati dibidang ketenagakerjaan.Terlepas dari pro dan kontra terhadap konsep Omnibus Law dalam rancangan undang-undang cipta kerja tersebut faktanya pemerintah telah menyerahkan secara resmi kepada DPR RI untuk dibahas, namun sangat disayangkan draft rancangan undang-undang cipta kerja tersebut sampai sekarang belum bisa diakses oleh publik.Bahwa terlepas belum bisa diaksesnya draf rancangan undang-undang cipta kerja tersebut ada hal yang menarik untuk dikaji khususnya  tentang pekerja asing atau tenaga kerja asing di Indonesia dimana regulasinya saat ini  diatur berdasarkan dua ketentuan undang-undang yaitu Undang-undang nomor 13 tahun 2013 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan dan Undang-undang Nomor 6 tahun 2011 tentang Keimigrasian yang implementasinya berada lintas kementrian yaitu Kementrian Ketenagakerjaan dan kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam hal ini Dirjen Keimigrasian.Kajian ini tidak dimaksudkan untuk mendahului diberlakukan  undang-undang cipta kerja tetapi lebih kepada tinjauan Yuridis implementasi Undang-undang nomor 13 tahun 2013 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan dan Undang-undang Nomor 6 tahun 2011 tentang Keimigrasian yang dilakukan oleh Kementrian Ketenagakerjaan dan kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia khususnya pekerja asing atau tenaga kerja asing dalam hal Penegakan hukum yang dapat menjadi bahan pemikiran dalam pembahasan draft rancangan undang-undang cipta kerja khususnya bagi pekerja asing dalam rangka meningkatkan pertumbhan ekonomi semakin baik yang pada gilirannya semakin mensejahterakan bangasa Indonesia.
PEMBERIAN IJIN PERCERAIAN BAGI PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL PADA KEPOLISIAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Hayati Syaifullah Mulida
Published: September 2023

Setiap pasangan suami istri menginginkan perkawinan yang harmonis sesuai dengan nilai-nilai agama. Walaupun demikian masih ada perkawinan yang tidak harmonis dan membuat suami atau istri ingin bercerai, dimana salah satu pihak merupakan Pegawai Negeri Sipil Polri. Sebagai Warga Negara Indonesia, Pegawai Negeri Sipil Polri dapat mengajukan perceraian sesuai dengan peraturan yang telah ditetapkan.
KAJIAN YURIDIS PERSETUJUAN TINDAKAN MEDIK (INFORMED CONSENT) DALAM PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 29 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG PRAKTIK KEDOKTERAN
Authors: Aprilyansyah Mahdi Surya
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan mendeskripsikan tanggung jawab dokter dalam melakukan tindakan medik dalam perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode hukum normatif yang memberikan argumentasi hukum sebagai dasar penentu terhadap suatu peristiwa telah benar atau salah serta bagaimana sebaiknya peristiwa itu menurut hukum. Hasil penelitian ini mengemukakan bahwa tanggung jawab dokter dalam melakukan tindakan mendik harus memiliki persetujuan tindakan medik terlebih dahulu. Persetujuan tindakan medik (informed consent) antara dokter dan pasien atau keluarga harus berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran dengan tujuan memberikan kepastian bahwa pasien atau keluarga pasien dianggap telah mengetahui atau menyetujui apa yang terjadi berkaitan dengan tindakan medik yang dilakukan dokter. Hal ini juga untuk mengantisipasi terkait resiko maupun efek samping dari tindakan tersebut sehingga jika terdapat suatu kerugian  yang diderita oleh pasien atau keluarga pasien akibat dari resiko atau efek samping dari tindakan medik yang dilakukan, dokter tidak dapat dimintai pertanggung jawaban sepanjang tindakan medik.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP EUTHANASIA DALAM SISTEM HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA
Authors: Novita
Published: September 2023

Istilah euthanasia berasal dari bahasa Yunani, yaitu eu yang berarti indah,  bagus, terhormat atau dalam bahasa Inggris diartikan dengan grecefully and with dignit, dan thanatos yang berarti mati atau mayat. Secara harafiah berarti kematian yang terjadi dengan baik dan menyenangkan tanpa penderitaan. Sehingga euthanasia dikenal sebagai suatu tindakan untuk mengakhiri hidup seseorang karena tidak memiliki peluang untuk hidup, biasanya pada penderita penyakit yang memiliki peluang kecil untuk tetap hidup. Dalam kasus tertentu ada keadaan mengakhiri kehidupan yang sangat mirip dengan euthanasia, tetapi sebenarnya bukan euthanasia. Disebut sebagai pseudo-euthanasia atau dalam bahasa Indonesia adalah euthanasia semu dan secara hukum tidak dapat ditetapkan sebagai euthanasia. Indonesia belum memiliki kebijakan formulasi ataupun aturan yang mengatur khusus tentang euthanasia. Legalitas euthanasia dilihat berdasarkan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP).[1] Euthanasia di Indonesia tidak diperbolehkan karena alasan menghilangkan nyawa seseorang, dalam Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana Indonesia bahwa usaha apapun yang menyebabkan hilangnya nyawa seseorang, baik disengaja atau tidak disengaja masuk dalam kategori pembunuhan.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PELANGGARAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN DALAM MASA PANDEMIC COVID 19
Authors: Devrayno  , Putra Jurdan Lingga
Published: September 2023

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang sekarang ini mewabah diseluruh dunia  termasuk Indonesia tentunya membawa dampak yang sedemikian besar diberbagai  sektor, seperti halnya pendidikan, pelayanan jasa angkutan, maupun yang paling berpengaruh adalah sektor ekonomi, banyaknya usaha yang tutup hal ini  disebabkan adanya kebijakan   yang membatasi kegiatan usaha tersebut serta daya beli masyarakat yang menurut akibat banyaknya terjadi pemutusan hubungan kerja atau adanya merumahkan pegawai/karyawan.    

Bahkan untuk melakukan kegiatan usaha kadang kala dilakukan dengan melanggar kebijakan protokol kesehatan. upaya melakukan pencegahan terhadap terjadinya pelanggaran protokol kesehatan dapat berjalan secara efektif maka diperlukan   pemahaman yang seksama terhadap faktor faktor yang dapat memicu timbulnya pelanggaran tersebut, pencegahannya dapat dilakukan secara preventif dan represif.

Dalam penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku pelanggaran protokol kesehatan supaya lebih maksimal, maka perlu dikaji dari beberapa  unsur, seperti unsur substansi atau undang undang yang  mengatur tindak pidanan tersebut,  unsur aparat penegak  hukumnya yang berkerja  secara professional dan unsur budaya  masyarakat terhadap adanya tindak pidana melaan petugas. Sehingga penegakan hukum lebih mendatangkan manafaat bagi masyarakat.
REGULASI DAN IMPLEMENTASI BIAYA ADMINISTRASI PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Kurniawan Rahmad , Akbar Wahyu , Safitri Novi Angga , Theara Resha
Published: September 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalis regulasi dan implmentasi biaya administrasi pada perbankan syariah. Masalah muncul karena biaya yang berkaitan dengan prosedur administrasi merupakan syarat untuk pelaksanaan pembiayaan. Dalam situasi ini, beberapa pihak yang  diuntungkan dan beberapa pihak yang dirugikan. Artikel ini menggunakan Penulisan penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif melalui literatur kajian pustaka (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biaya administrasi merupakan biaya yang timbul sehubungan dengan fungsi administrasi. Biaya administrasi termasuk yang terkait dengan penetapan kebijakan, perencanaan, administrasi, dan pengendalian di seluruh perusahaan. Agar biaya administrasi ini terhindar dari komponen riba yang dilarang oleh Islam, ada dua syarat yang perlu dipenuhi yaitu, Biaya administrasi harus berlandaskan pada perhitungan sebenarnya dari biaya yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan suatu transaksi, termasuk biaya pemrosesan dokumen, biaya materai, gaji dan dana penyelidikan, serta dana untuk telekomunikasi. Dari segi regulasi, pemberlakuan biaya administrasi ke dalam akad pembiyaan di dalam bank syariah Indonesia telah memenuhi persyaratan dan memiliki kekuatan hukum. Di kemudian hari, pengenalan biaya administrasi ke dalam akad pembiayaan akan memiliki efek hukum pada pemangku kepentingan di sektor keuangan syariah Indonesia sebagai struktur hukum yang disepakati dan dilembagakan.
Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance in Indonesia
Authors: Angga Kurniawan
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the extent to which motivation, and communication on job satisfaction and their impact on the performance of employees of construction service companies in Indonesia. The data used in this study are primary data collected from respondents' answers based on the questionnaire given, as many as 305 people. The analysis method uses the Path Analysis method with the help of SPSS version 22.0. Statistical testing uses the simultaneous significance test (F test), the individual parameter significance test (t test) and the Sobel test mediation test. 

The results showed that simultaneously the variables of motivation, communication and job satisfaction had a direct influence on employee performance. Partially shows that the motivation variable and the communication variable have a positive correlation and have a direct and indirect effect on employee performance. While the implications of the variable job satisfaction as an intervening variable have a direct influence on employee performance. The results showed that job satisfaction had a direct positive and significant effect on employee performance. Based on the results of the analysis, the path coefficient (Beta) of the job satisfaction variable on the employee performance variable is 0.645 with a significance of 0.001.
Towards the computation of motif-based centrality measures over real-world networks
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Ingeniería, Bugedo Bugedo Sebastián
Published: September 2023

Las medidas de centralidad han probado ser una herramienta valiosa para analizar datos en forma de grafos. Algunas aplicaciones sobre bases de datos de grafos, tales como grafos de conocimiento o motores de búsqueda en la web semántica, han sido propuestas últimamente. En esta área, las medidas de centralidad basadas en motivos han surgido como un acercamiento prometedor para entender medidas de centralidad en bases de datos de grafos y para definir una familia de nuevas medidas con propiedades teóricas deseables. No obstante, estas son difíciles de computar en general (i.e. #P-hard). En consecuencia, hasta ahora no existen estudios experimentales de dichas medidas en redes reales. En esta tesis nos embarcamos en el computo de medidas de centralidad basadas en motivos y en comprender cómo se comportan sobre redes reales. Para lograr este objetivo, comenzamos estudiando si es posible aproximar estas medidas. Así, presentamos nuevos resultados teóricos que confirman su dificultad de cómputo y aproximación. Debido a esto, perseguimos un camino diferente usando técnicas algorítmicas avanzadas y paralelización para superar las restricciones teóricas en un contexto práctico. Específicamente, presentamos un algoritmo empírico de parámetros fijos que tiene tiempo lineal sobre el tamaño del grafo, pero exponencial en su treewidth. Más aún, mostramos cómo paralelizar el algoritmo en una arquitectura de múltiples núcleos. De esta forma, presentamos una primera implementación de nuestro algoritmo, capaz de calcular centralidad basada en subgrafos en instancias de miles de nodos. Finalmente, comparamos los resultados con medidas de centralidad usadas en la literatura. Con todo, este trabajo constituye el primer estudio práctico de medidas basadas en motivos, sentando las bases para estudios futuros y aplicaciones sobre datos en grafos.
Ecotourism Development of Wanagiri Village through PKK Empowerment in Food Souvenir Processing of Taro, Marketing and Institutional Strengthening
Authors: Suriati Luh , Astara I. Wayan Wesna , Hidalgo Hanilyn , Nicolas Amelia , Fresnido Mia Bella , Kobun Rovina , Selamet Ketut , Mardewi Ni Ketut , Manik Cindrawati Anak Agung Sagung , Sulis Dewi Ni Luh Putu , Satria Kesumayasa Ngakan P. G. , Widiantara Putra I. Wayan , Raditya Putra I. Putu Ajus
Published: September 2023

The processing of innovative Food Souvenir products is currently growing rapidly, producing various processed products on the market. Village community empowerment aims to increase independence, knowledge, attitudes, and skills, so a mentoring program is needed according to needs. Wanagiri Village is a tourist destination village located in Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency. Wanagiri Village has a variety of natural potentials, one of which is taro tuber which has the potential to be developed. Taro Food Souvenir products are products that are in great demand by people throughout Bali. Taro Food Souvenir products have been produced and marketed by partners but not yet intensively, the packaging is not good and the marketing is not optimal. Partners want to improve the appearance of their products so that they have a long shelf life so that they can be economically independent. The solutions provided to solve the problems faced by partners are: providing appropriate technology for processing taro Food Souvenirs; packaging and labeling, marketing strategies, drafting rules for sharing of work and profit agreements between group members, and providing equipment assistance. The method used is active community participation and exploratory. Community service activities have been running smoothly. International community service regarding taro processing has a positive impact on society, especially economic empowerment, food diversification, and cultural preservation. recognizing that the community actively supports the success of this activity, respecting local traditions in a sustainable manner will benefit the community. The performance of food souvenir products will look more attractive and provide added value, which will have an impact on increasing income and people's welfare.
Price Transmission in Vertical Markets: An Empirical Analysis of Red Gram
Authors: P. D. Shivagangavva , Gracy C. P.
Published: September 2023

Price transmission provides insight into vertical and horizontal integration of agricultural markets this will help in producer and consumer welfare. We have examined price transmission process between wholesale and retail markets by adopting Error correction model (ECM). This study has taken case of Red gram (Cajanuscajan) wholesale and retail markets in Bengaluru and Mumbai respectively It has used wholesale and retail prices data from secondary sources. The results revealed that retail price does not react completely to changes in producer price within one month. Dal price responds differently to seed price in its increasing and decreasing phases. Decreasing phase of seed price is associated with one lag, implying dal price to adjust slowly to seed price, say in a month’s time period. The estimated results were 0.98 in Bengaluru and 0.97 in Mumbai  in the rising phase (ECT+) and 0.58 and 0.64  respectively in these markets in the falling phase (ECT-), suggesting that the positive deviations of price from long-run equilibrium are reduced faster in a month’s time period than the negative deviations in Bengaluru. Both values are significant but ECT+ induces a greater change in the tur dal than ECT- in Bengaluru. Where as in Mumbai values of ECT+ and ECT- are also showing faster changes almost. This clearly explains the asymmetry in red gram seed to dal price transmission in Bengaluru and Mumbai.
Comparative Analysis of MEM, RPMI 1640 Media on Rabies Virus Propagation in Vero Cells and Virus Quantification by FAT
Authors: Sekar Thangaraj , Grace Blessy Emy , N. Karthick , Nivetha K.  , Parveen M. Hajistha , Mohan Ganesan Chandra
Published: September 2023

Rabies disease can be preventable through vaccination is the only way for effective control and the vaccine is administered as post exposure prophylaxis method (PEP) along with rabies immunoglobulin. For the preparation of the vaccine, the high titre rabies virus has to be propagated in suitable host system like Vero cells. In this study, the virus was propagated in tissue culture flask in two different tissue culture media namely MEM and RPMI-1640, keeping Vero cell line as the host system. This preliminary study is to find the media that yields a better viral titre as high, the influence of harvesting intervals on viral titre for the reason that the vaccine yield is directly proportional to the viral titre during the virus propagation stage and leads to cost effective vaccine. The Vero cell was revived from passage 154 and the part of cells were subjected for adaptation in RPMI-1640 media with gradual media replacement. The passaging of RPMI 1640 media cells were continued until it reaches the equal cell count of MEM (p-158). The confluent monolayer of Vero cells was maintained in the same passage level with appropriate media. The cell count of MEM media, RPMI-1640 were 10.28 x 106 and 10.35 x 106 respectively in 25cm2 tissue culture flasks. The Vero cells were sub-cultured in 175 cm2 tissue culture flasks infected with 0.2 MOI (Multiplicity of Infection) of virus and the viral titration was estimated through FAT test (Fluorescent Antibody Test). The highest viral titre obtained from RPMI-1640 media batch (10-6.125/ml) and MEM media batch (10-6.25 /ml). The two days interval viral harvests shows  (Batch 1 & 3) the viral titre log ranged between 10-4.375 to 10-5.875 and three days interval harvests (Batch 2 & 4)  the viral titre log ranged between 10-3.750 to 10-6.250 per mL.
Enhancing Crop Resilience through CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Development of Disease-Resistant Cultivars
Authors: Gupta Ajeet Kumar , Mishra Govind , Yadav Harikant , Gupta Rishabh , Singh Abhay , Singh Jay , Singh Piyusha
Published: September 2023

A major issue in agriculture is the protection of crops against diseases and pests. Plant breeding has been primarily responsible for the growth of disease-resistant cultivars. The use of gene editing techniques in plant breeding is essential for obtaining desired features. Clustered Regular Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPER)/Cas9 (CRISPR-related protein) is a new advancement in gene editing technology. It can be utilised in plant defence mechanisms against pathogen attack by recognising the bacterial immune system and destroying invasive pathogen genes. Advances in plant breeding through CRISPR/Cas9 integration have helped develop cultivars including hereditary resistance to bacterial and viral diseases. Future crop generations can acquire CRISPR/Cas9-mediated transgene resistance if the Cas9/sgRNA transgene has been isolated in the F1 generation. Cas9/sgRNA transgene separation makes CRISPR/Cas9 safe for use in plant breeding. Although CRISPR/Cas9 has proven to be a wonderful tool to revolutionize plant breeding and develop various disease resistant varieties, its effect on many plant physiological processes remains to be thoroughly investigated.
Overview of Seed Production in Floriculture Crops
Authors: Patil Laxmi , Deshpande V. K. , Chimmalagi Umesh , Jeevitha D.
Published: September 2023

Floriculture, one of the potential components of horticulture industry, deals with cultivation, processing and marketing of ornamental plants and maintenance of garden and it includes annuals, biennials and perennial ornamentals. Worldwide demand for flowering annuals is high to beautify our landscape. The majority of annuals can only be propagated by seeds. The flowering annual seed business has developed into a significant industry as a result of the demand for these plants in the global floricultural trade. The majority of the flower seeds are imported into India. Eventually, flower seeds are very expensive and difficult to obtain for farmers. Every species of flower raised for seed has its own planting period, culture, difficulties and harvesting processes. A mild environment with little rain during growth and harvest seasons is a vital requirement for good seed production. Hybrid seeds of these plants have high vigour and superior quality. Hybrid seed production for the export market is very crucial. The production of seeds in flower crops is covered in this review.
Effect of Seed Hardening on Seed Germination and Morphological Parameters in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L)
Authors: Reddy Kolli Venkateswara , Bara Bineeta M. , Lavanya G. Roopa
Published: September 2023

Seed hardening refers to different processes that involve treating seeds to enhance their resilience, break seed dormancy and improve their chances of successful germination and plant establishment during harsh conditions. Seeds are soaked in the solutions of KCl, NAA, KNo3 and CaCl2 to break dormancy increase the germination percentage and improve plant morphological parameters in linseed. The experiment was carried out for “Effect of seed hardening on seed germination and morphological parameters in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L),, during Rabi season in the year 2022 at Field Experimentation Centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh on linseed crop. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 13 treatments and 3 replications. T0-Control, T1-NAA-25 ppm, T2-NAA-50 ppm, T3-NAA-150 ppm, T4-KCl-25 ppm, T5-KCl-50 ppm, T6-KCl-150 ppm, T7-KNo3-25 ppm, T8-KNo3-50 ppm, T9-KNo3-150 ppm, T10-CaCl2-25 ppm, T11-CaCl2-50 ppm, T12-CaCl2-150 ppm were the treatments. Linseed seeds were treated with NAA, KCl, KNo3 and CaCl2 with different concentrations (25 ppm,50 ppm and 150 ppm) for 5 hours and after sowing growth, yield and yield parameters were observed. The main objectives are to determine the effect of seed hardening on seed germination and morphological characteristics of Linseed and to find out the suitable concentration for seed hardening in Linseed. It was noticed that T9-KNo3-150 ppm treatment performed better significantly different at a 5% level of significance, when compared with other treatments where a minimum was observed in control. The highest germination percentage (92.20%), plant height (74.34 cm), number of primary branches (3.87), number of secondary branches (23.53), seeds per capsule (8.13), seed yield per plant (3.42) and harvest index (25.38%) showing better results when treated with treatment (T9)-KNo3-150 ppm for 5 hours and followed by Treatment(T11) CaCl2-50 ppm. Very less days (72) required for 50% flowering and maturity (111.67) were observed in treatment T9 when compared with other treatments. It concluded that T9(KNo3-150 ppm) was superior in all the growth and yield parameters in linseed. So we recommended that treatment T9 is the best seed hardening treatment for linseed according to this experiment.
The Use of Herbicides to Control Weeds in Soybean Crops (Glycine max L. Merrill)
Authors: Bermaiya Uma , Jain Namrata , Sahu Muni Pratap , Bagde Vandana
Published: September 2023

An experiment was conducted at ‘The Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Tikamgarh, during the kharif season, 2016-17. The field was mainly infested with monocot weeds like Brachiaria ramosa, Commelina benghalensis, Cyperus rotundus and Echinochloa crusgalli. Dicot weeds Digera arvensis, Phyllanthus niruri and Mollugo pentaphylla were less dominant in the soybean ecosystem. The treatments comprised of pre-emergence herbicides; clomazone @ 1 kg/ha, pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha and alachlor @ 1 kg/ha and post-emergence herbicides; imazethapyr @ 75 g/ha, imazethapyr + imazamox @ 70 g/ha, quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha+ chlorimuron-ethyl @ 9 g/ha,quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha, chlorimuron-ethyl @ 9 g/ha, two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS and weedy check., dry matter and weed index. It was also found superior in respect of various growth and yield attributes. The highest seed yield (825 kg/ha) and straw yield (1152 kg/ha) of soybean and maximum gross return (₹ 37,611 ha-1) and net return (₹ 23,951 ha-1) were also recorded in imazethapyr + imazamox 70 kg/ha as postemergence with highest B:C ratio of 2.75. It was also found responsible for the highest N, P and K uptake by soybean crops and the lowest uptake of these plant nutrients by weed plants.
Effect of Crop Establishment Methods and Fertility Management on Growth, Yield and Economics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Baboo Kaptan , Nand Vishuddha , Kumar Rajesh , Singh A. K. , Kumar Neeraj , Kushwaha Bharat Lal , Maurya Shivanad , Prakash Ram
Published: September 2023

The experiment was carried out at Agronomy Research Farm of Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif 2021 and  2022. The study aims to determine the effect of crop establishment methods under fertility  management on growth parameters of rice. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. The treatment consisted of four crop establishment methods i.e., (M1) Transplanting rice (Conventional) (M2) Direct seeded rice by line sowing (Conventional) (M3) Drum seeded method under puddled condition,(M4) System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method kept in main plots .However,  four nitrogen levels viz, (N1) 100%  RDF  (150: 60:40  kg  N:P:K  ha -1), (N2) 75%  RDF +25%  RDN through  FYM,  (N3) 75 % RDF + 25% RDN through vermi-compost (VC), (N4) 50 % RDF + 25 %  RDN through V.C. + 25% RDN through  FYM allotted  the in sub plots. This way there was made 16 treatment combinations. As per the results the values of growth, yield and economics viz. plant height (cm), number of tillers m-2, dry matter accumulation (m-2), grain yield (q ha-1) , straw yield (q ha-1), biological yield (q ha-1) , harvest index % and economics of rice were increased significantly with system of rice intensification (SRI) method followed by transplanting method. However, in fertility management the application of 100% RDF [150: 60:40 N: P: K kg ha -1] recorded the maximum plant height, dry matter accumulation, no of tillers, grain yield (q ha-1) , straw yield (q ha-1), biological yield (q ha-1) , harvest index % and economics, which was at par with the application of 75 % RDF + 25% RDN through Vermi- compost  and significantly superior over rest of the treatments.
Ameliorative Role of Boron on Morpho-physiological Characters of Mandarin Orange Seedlings under Aluminium Stress Condition
Authors: Chamling Novin , Bhowmick Nilesh , Chakraborty Binayak , Sinha Abhas Kr. , Dutta Puspendu , Mandal Somnath
Published: September 2023

Darjeeling mandarin orange is well known for its unique and delicious taste. It is also considered as one of the major cash crop of Darjeeling hills. But in recent past, the production has been declined drastically due to some of the biotic and abiotic factors. Acidic soils are mainly confined in this region which has a complex interaction of growth limiting factors that can restricts growth by inducing stress on plants through triggering aluminium stress and micronutrient Deficiency. This has resulted in declination in production and quality of mandarin orange grown in foothills of Darjeeling. Since boron is known to act as ameliorative role under aluminium toxicity, the present study was investigated to understand the effect of boron in mandarin orange seedlings grown under aluminium stress condition. Seedlings of Darjeeling mandarin orange were fertilized with Hoagland solution containing four levels of boron (i.e, 0µM, 5µM, 10µM and 25µM H3BO3) and two level of Aluminium (i.e., 0µM and 1200µM AlCl3.6 H2O) up to 22 weeks. Seedlings without boron and aluminium was treated as the control. Aluminium at higher concentration severely hinder physiological changes in terms of shoot length, leave numbers, leaf area, fresh shoot, root weight, chlorophyll content and carotenoid of mandarin seedlings. However, the application of boron improved the physiological attributes under higher concentration of aluminium. Furthermore, application of boron concentration at 10µM proved to be better treatment for mandarin seedlings grown under aluminium stress condition.
Experiences with Racism Among Asian American Medical Students
Authors: Yang David H. , Justen Marissa , Lee Dana , Kim Heeryoung , Boatright Dowin , Desai Miraj , Tiyyagura Gunjan
Published: September 2023

Importance

Asian American physicians have experienced a dual pandemic of racism and COVID-19 since 2020; understanding how racism has affected the learning environment of Asian American medical students is necessary to inform strategies to promoting a more inclusive medical school environment and a diverse and inclusive workforce. While prior research has explored the influence of anti-Asian racism on the experiences of Asian American health care workers, to our knowledge there are no studies investigating how racism has impacted the training experiences of Asian American medical students.

Objective

To characterize how Asian American medical students have experienced anti-Asian racism in a medical school learning environment.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This qualitative study included online video interviews of Asian American medical students performed between July 29, 2021, and August 22, 2022. Eligible participants were recruited through the Asian Pacific American Medical Students Association and snowball sampling, and the sample represented a disaggregated population of Asian Americans and all 4 medical school years.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The medical school experiences of Asian American medical students.

Results

Among 25 participants, Asian ethnicities included 8 Chinese American (32%), 5 Korean American (20%), 5 Indian American (20%), 3 Vietnamese American (12%), 2 Filipino American (8%), and 1 (4%) each Nepalese, Pakistani, and Desi American; 16 (64%) were female. Participants described 5 major themes concerning their experience with discrimination: (1) invisibility as racial aggression (eg, “It took them the whole first year to be able to tell me apart from the other Asian guy”); (2) visibility and racial aggression (“It transitioned from these series of microaggressions that every Asian person felt to actual aggression”); (3) absence of the Asian American experience in medical school (“They’re not going to mention Asian Americans at all”); (4) ignored while seeking support (“I don’t know what it means to have this part of my identity supported”); and (5) envisioning the future.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this qualitative study, Asian American medical students reported feeling invisible within medical school while a target of anti-Asian racism. Addressing these unique challenges related to anti-Asian racism is necessary to promote a more inclusive medical school learning environment.
Changing Health Care Markets Have the Potential to Undermine Stroke Systems of Care
Authors: Zachrison Kori S. , Beaulieu Nancy D. , Mehrotra Ateev
Published: September 2023

This Viewpoint discusses the importance of prioritizing quality of care for patients with stroke in a changing health care environment.
Single‐Cell RNA Transcriptome of the Human Endometrium Reveals Epithelial Characterizations Associated with Recurrent Implantation Failure
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zhang Chanyu , Zhang Shen
Published: September 2023

Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) remains a complex and poorly characterized disorder despite significant advancements in assisted reproductive technology. This study utilizes single‐cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA‐seq) to characterize the mid‐secretory endometrium of RIF patients. Stromal fibroblast‐enriched and epithelium‐enriched populations are collected using a two‐step dissociation process. After quality control, 25,315 individual cells from 3 RIF patients are analyzed. The analysis identifies 12 distinct cell types, including 6 subtypes of epithelial cells. Significantly, the study reveals the replacement of glandular epithelia with MAP2K6+EPCAMDIM epithelia in the endometrial glands of RIF patients. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that endometrial gland organoids derived from RIF patients exhibit diminished responses to sex steroids compared to the controls. Single‐cell regulatory network inference and clustering (SCENIC) analysis identifies cell‐specific cis‐regulatory elements and constructed regulatory networks in both groups, showing alterations gene‐regulatory networks in RIF patients. Cell‐cell communication analysis distinguishes intercellular communication between the two groups, shedding light on disrupted cellular interactions associated with RIF. In summary, these findings provide valuable insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying RIF, highlighting the roles of epithelial cells in the implantation process.
Effect of Volumetric Energy Density and Part Height on the Material Properties of Low‐Alloyed Steels Manufactured by Laser‐Based Powder Bed Fusion of Metals
Authors: Bartels Dominic , Novotny Tobias , Albert Moritz , Mohr Andreas , van Soest Frank , Hill Horst , Merklein Carsten , Schmidt Michael
Published: September 2023

The layer‐by‐layer manufacturing approach in laser powder bed fusion of metals (PBF‐LB/M) leads to heat accumulation in the workpiece with increasing part heights. The effect of this heat accumulation on the resulting material properties has, however, only barely been studied for low‐alloyed steels. The goal of this work is to analyze the influence of different PBF‐LB/M‐specific boundary conditions like varying part heights and volumetric energy densities (VED) on the resulting material properties. It isfound that lower part regions possess similar hardness (380–410 HV1) and retained austenite values (7%–8%), independent of the applied VED. Higher energy inputs lead to higher retained austenite contents of up to 20% due to an incomplete transformation upon cooling. This rise in retained austenite content is also linked to a decreased material hardness down to 320 HV1. In higher part regions, this effect is reversed as the retained austenite content starts to decrease for the highest investigated VED. This is caused by the in situ preheating temperatures caused by heat accumulation, which favor a bainitic transformation. The part height‐specific properties indicate that the microstructure formation forms through a continuous transformation in lower part regions and through an isothermal transformation in higher regions.
Polybutylene Succinate Auxetic Membrane Produced by Solution Electrospinning
Authors: Ahmadi Bonakdar Mahboubeh , Chen Xiao Yuan , Sarbanha Ali Akbar , Rodrigue Denis
Published: September 2023

Herein, a simple and cost‐effective method (solution electrospinning) is used to produce auxetic biobased polybutylene succinate membranes. The effect of fiber morphology, orientation, and alignment is investigated on the mechanical properties of the resulting membranes with a focus on Poisson's ratio. The degree of orientation is controlled by increasing the speed of the collector (from 4.03 to 11.01 m s−1) during membrane fabrication. The results indicate that membranes with oriented fibers show a more auxetic behavior than those with randomly orientated fibers. In particular, samples with a high level of alignment and tested in the transverse direction present higher negative Poisson's ratios (down to −5.73) compared to samples tested in the parallel direction (Poisson's ratios down to −2.90). However, samples tested in the transverse direction show lower tensile properties with higher dissipated energy and damping factor. Therefore, the level of fiber orientation and the number of fibers in the transverse and parallel directions are the most important parameters controlling the mechanical properties of electrospun membranes.
Design of Statistical Copolypeptides as Multipurpose Hydrogel Resins in 3D Printing
Authors: Murphy Robert D. , Delaney Colm , Kolagatla Srikanth , Florea Larisa , Hawker Craig J. , Heise Andreas
Published: September 2023

Hydrogels possess desirable properties for the additive manufacturing of 3D objects, but a significant challenge is to expand the range of hydrogel feedstocks with defined molecular structure and functionality while retaining mechanical properties. To this end, the design of photopolymerizable copolypeptides, derived from linear or star‐shaped architectures which can be tailored to provide control over mechanical properties and associated 3D printing performance, are reported. Based on hydroxy ethyl‐L‐glutamine and vinylbenzyl‐L‐cysteine residues, physical crosslinking via β‐motif assembly is shown to afford hydrogels with viscoelastic properties that allow their use as resins for direct ink writing (DIW) and/or direct laser writing (DLW). The strategic incorporation of vinyl benzyl units permits rapid photocrosslinking of the self‐assembled hydrogels leading to mechanically robust 3D objects. Significantly, copolypeptide architecture directly influences hydrogel resin viscosity, which affords materials with tailorable characteristics for different 3D printing techniques, highlighting the intrinsic versatility of these systems.
Bioengineering Approaches for the Pancreatic Tumor Organoids Research and Application
Authors: Song Taiyu , Kong Bin , Liu Rui , Luo Yuan , Wang Yongan , Zhao Yuanjin
Published: September 2023

Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal form of digestive malignancy that poses significant health risks to individuals worldwide. Chemotherapy‐based comprehensive treatment is the primary therapeutic approach for midlife and late‐life patients. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of the tumor and individual genetic backgrounds result in substantial variations in drug sensitivity among patients, rendering a single treatment regimen unsuitable for all patients. Conventional pancreatic cancer tumor organoid models are capable of emulating the biological traits of pancreatic cancer and are utilized in drug development and screening. However, these tumor organoids can still not mimic the tumor microenvironment (TME) in vivo, and the poor controllability in the preparation process hinders translation from essential drug screening to clinical pharmacological therapy. In recent years, many engineering methods with remarkable results have been used to develop pancreatic cancer organoid models, including bio‐hydrogel, co‐culture, microfluidic, and gene editing. Here, this work summarizes and analyzes the recent developments in engineering pancreatic tumor organoid models. In addition, the future direction of improving engineered pancreatic cancer organoids is discussed for their application prospects in clinical treatment.
The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia (Rickettsiales) alters larval metabolism of the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Authors: Kryukova Natalia A. , Kryukov Vadim Y. , Polenogova Olga V. , Chertkova Еkaterina А. , Tyurin Maksim V. , Rotskaya Ulyana N. , Alikina Tatyana , Kabilov Мarsel R. , Glupov Viktor V.
Published: September 2023

Infection of intestinal tissues with Wolbachia has been found in Habrobracon hebetor. There are not many studies on the relationship between Habrobracon and Wolbachia, and they focus predominantly on the sex index of an infected parasitoid, its fertility, and behavior. The actual role of Wolbachia in the biology of Habrobracon is not yet clear. The method of complete eradication of Wolbachia in the parasitoid was developed here, and effects of the endosymbiont on the host's digestive metabolism were compared between two lines of the parasitoid (Wolbachia‐positive and Wolbachia‐negative). In the gut of Wolbachia+ larvae, lipases' activity was higher almost twofold, and activities of acid proteases, esterases, and trehalase were 1.5‐fold greater than those in the Wolbachia– line. Analyses of larval homogenates revealed that Wolbachia+ larvae accumulate significantly more lipids and have a lower amount of pyruvate as compared to Wolbachia– larvae. The presented results indicate significant effects of the intracellular symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia on the metabolism of H. hebetor larvae and on the activity of its digestive enzymes.
Derivation and Internal Validation of aDisease‐SpecificCardiovascular Risk Prediction Model for Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis
Authors: Colaco Keith , Lee Ker‐Ai , Akhtari Shadi , Winer Raz , Chandran Vinod , Harvey Paula , Cook Richard J. , Piguet Vincent , Gladman Dafna D. , Eder Lihi
Published: September 2023

Objective

To address suboptimal cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with psoriatic disease (PsD), we developed and internally validated a five‐year disease‐specific cardiovascular risk prediction model.

Methods

We analyzed data from a prospective cohort of participants with PsD without a history of cardiovascular events. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors and PsD‐related measures of disease activity were considered as potential predictors. The study outcome included nonfatal and fatal cardiovascular events. A base prediction model included 10 traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Eight PsD‐related factors were assessed by adding them to the base model to create expanded models, which were controlled for PsD therapies. Variable selection was performed using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) penalized regression with 10‐fold cross‐validation. Model performance was assessed using measures of discrimination and calibration and measures of sensitivity and specificity.

Results

Between 1992 and 2020, 85 of 1,336 participants developed cardiovascular events. Discrimination of the base model (with traditional cardiovascular risk factors alone) was excellent, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of 85.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 81.9–89.1). Optimal models did not select any of the tested disease‐specific factors. In a sensitivity analysis, which excluded lipid lowering and antihypertensive treatments, the number of damaged joints was selected in the expanded model. However, this model did not improve risk discrimination compared to the base model (AUC 85.5, 95% CI 82.0–89.1).

Conclusion

Traditional cardiovascular risk factors alone are effective in predicting cardiovascular risk in patients with PsD. A risk score based on these factors performed well, indicating excellent discrimination and calibration.

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Genetic Influence on Osteoarthritis Versus Other Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Magnusson Karin , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Rydén Martin , Englund Martin
Published: September 2023

Objective

We aimed to compare the genetic contribution to osteoarthritis (OA) versus other rheumatic/musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) in the same population and to explore the role for any shared genetics between OA and other RMDs.

Methods

In 59,970 Swedish twins aged 35 years or older, we estimated the heritability (the variance explained by genetic factors) of OA in peripheral joints, back and neck pain, shoulder pain (adhesive capsulitis, impingement syndrome, etc), rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis (SpA) and psoriatic arthritis, myalgia, and osteoporosis diagnosed in specialist and inpatient care. We also studied how much covariance between OA and each of the RMDs could be explained by genetics by studying phenotypic correlations in bivariate classical twin models.

Results

Any‐site OA and hip OA (50% and 64%) were among the most heritable RMDs (as compared with 23% for fibromyalgia [lowest] and 63% for SpA [highest]). The highest phenotypic correlations were between OA (any joint site) and shoulder pain in the same individual (r = 0.33, 95% confidence interval 0.31–0.35), of which 70% (95% confidence interval 52–88) could be explained by shared genetics. The phenotypic correlation between OA and back/neck pain was r = 0.25, with 25% to 75% explained by genetics. Phenotypic correlations between OA and each of the other RMDs were lower (r ~ 0.1 to r ~ 0.2), with inconclusive sources of variation.

Conclusion

OA has relatively large heritability as compared with other RMDs. The coexistence of OA and shoulder pain, as well as back pain, was common and could often be explained by genetic factors. Findings imply similar etiologies of OA and several pain conditions.
Osimertinib early dose reduction as a risk to brain metastasis control in EGFR‐mutant non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tozuka Takehiro , Noro Rintaro , Miyanaga Akihiko , Nakamichi Shinji , Takeuchi Susumu , Matsumoto Masaru , Kubota Kaoru , Kasahara Kazuo , Seike Masahiro
Published: September 2023

Background

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is a risk factor associated with brain metastases (BMs) in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of osimertinib early dose reduction on BM worsening.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed EGFR‐mutant NSCLC patients treated with osimertinib as first‐line treatment between August 2018 and October 2021. To evaluate the impact of osimertinib early dose reduction, we performed a landmark analysis of patients who achieved disease control at 4 months. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether the osimertinib dose was reduced or not, within 4 months after the start of treatment. We evaluated the time to BMs onset or progression, progression‐free survival, and overall survival.

Results

In total, 62 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations were analyzed. Thirteen patients experienced early dose reduction of osimertinib treatment. Seven patients received osimertinib 40 mg daily, and six received 80 mg every other day. The most common reason for dose reduction was gastrointestinal toxicity (n = 4), followed by skin rashes (n = 3). The time to BMs onset or progression was significantly shorter in patients who experienced early dose reduction than in those who continued regular treatment (Hazard ratio 4.47, 95% confidence interval, 1.52–13.11). The 1‐year cumulative incidence of BM onset or progression was 23.1% in the reduced‐dose group and 5.0% in the standard dose group. The risk of worsening BMs with early dose reduction of osimertinib treatment was higher in patients who had BMs before treatment and in younger patients.

Conclusion

Early dose reduction of osimertinib was a risk factor for the worsening of BMs. A higher risk was associated with younger patients and those presenting BMs before treatment.