bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biases in Survey Estimates of Neonatal Mortality: Results from a Validation Study in Urban Areas of Guinea-Bissau
Authors: Helleringer Stephane , Liu Li , Chu Yue , Rodrigues Amabelia , Fisker Ane Baerent
Published: March 2020

Neonatal deaths (i.e., those occurring within 28 days of birth) account for close to half of all deaths among children under age 5 worldwide. In most low and middle-income countries, data on neonatal deaths come primarily from household surveys. We conducted a validation study of survey data on neonatal mortality in Guinea-Bissau (West Africa). We used records from an urban health and demographic surveillancesystem (HDSS) that monitors child survival prospectively, as our reference dataset. We selected a stratified sample of 599 women aged 15-49 years old among residents of theHDSS, and collected the birth histories of 422 participants. We cross-tabulated survey and HDSS data. We used a mathematical model to investigate biases in survey estimates of neonatal mortality. Reporting errors in survey data might lead to estimates of the neonatal mortality rate that are too high. This may limit our ability to track progress towards global health objectives.
Training Practices and Injuries in Competitive Adolescent Distance Runners: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mann Robert , McKay Carly , Clift Bryan , Anthony Craig , Barker Alan
Published: March 2020

Background: Distance running is one of the most popular sports around the world. The epidemiology of running-related injuries (RRI) has been examined in adults, but only a few studies have focused on adolescent distance runners. Objectives: To examine the training practices (frequency, volume, and intensity) and epidemiology of RRI (rates, sites, severity, and risk factors) in competitive adolescent distance runners (13-18 years) in England. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Adolescent distance runners (64 females) were recruited from England Athletics affiliated athletics clubs. Participants voluntarily completed an online questionnaire between April and December 2018. At the point of completion, responses were based on the participant’s previous 12-months of distance running participation. Injury incidence proportions (IP) and incidence rates (IR) were calculated. Potential injury risk factors were estimated using an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The injury IP was 122/100 participants/year (95% CI: 113 to 138). The injury IR was 6.3/1000 participation hours (95% CI: 5.3 to 7.4). Univariate analyses showed a larger number of training sessions per week (volume) is associated with a reduced risk of RRI (OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.94), and that a higher level of specialisation reduces the risk of time-loss injury (OR=0.26, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.63). The most common injury sites were the knee, foot/toes, and lower leg; predominantly caused by overuse. Conclusion: Injury is common in adolescent distance runners, aligned with adult-based research. These data provide guidance for the development of appropriate injury prevention programmes.
Bicycling and tricycling road race performance in international UCI events between 2011 and 2019
Authors: Borg David N , Osborne John O , Tweedy Sean M , Liljedahl Johanna B , Nooijen Carla FJ
Published: March 2020

Purpose: This study described bicycling (C-classes, 1–5) and tricycling (T-classes, 1–2) performance in International Cycling Federation (Union Cycliste Internationale; UCI) road race events between 2011 and 2019. Methods: A total of 3,243 race results (bicycling = 2,571; tricycling = 672) from 33 UCI events held between May 2011 and August 2019 were included in the analysis. Mean race velocity was calculated for each race result. Bicycling and tricycling data were separately modelled using hierarchical regression. Cohen’s d was calculated for the standardised difference between adjacent classes. Results: Road race performance was statistically different between men’s classes C1/C2 (p <.001; d = 0.42), C2/C3 (p <.001; d = 0.47) and C3/C4 (p <.001; d = 0.73). In contrast, performance was not statistically different between men’s C4/C5 (p = .506; d = 0.14), or between all adjacent women’s bicycling classes (p = .050 to .121; d = 0.46 to 1.15). The absence of statistical differences between adjacent women’s bicycling classes may be due to the relatively small number of observations in these classifications. As expected, race performance was statistically different between T1 and T2 for men (p <.001; d = 1.64) and women (p <.001; d = 1.38). Conclusion: Road race performance was hierarchical within the disciplines of bicycling and tricycling, with higher classes characterised by faster mean velocities. However, not all adjacent classes were statistically different. Future research should examine the influence of prosthetic technologies and the impact of different impairments on bicycling and tricycling performance.
Awareness about expressed breast milk feeding among working mothers visiting a tertiary level hospital, Kathmandu
Authors: Pandey Shrijana
Published: March 2020

Background: Expressed breast milk can be a healthy feeding option as compared to formula for working mothers. A large number of mothers are working these days and despite their desire to breastfeed, mothers have to get back to their work because of various constraints.Objectives: The research objective was to assess the status of knowledge and attitude regarding expressed breastfeeding and to identify the barriers to expressed breastfeeding among working mothers visiting Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Pediatric Outpatient Department of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from June 2018 till December 2018. One hundred and eighty working mothers were chosen purposively and interviewed. Research instrument was a structured questionnaire containing questions about technique of pumping and storing breast milk, benefits of breastfeeding, attitude regarding expressed breastfeeding and reasons for not expressing breast milk. Mean standard deviation and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.Results: Out of 180 mothers, half of the mothers had adequate knowledge regarding expressed breastfeeding while slightly more than half of them (52.2%) had negative attitude about it. Only 11.7% of the mothers shared that they had expressed breast milk ever. The most important reason for not expressing breast milk was stated to be inadequate breast milk production (30.7%) and lack of time (26.4%).Conclusion: The study concludes that about half of the working mothers have adequate knowledge and positive attitude regarding expressed breastfeeding. Moreover, very few mothers ever expressed breast milk and the main reason for not doing so was inadequate milk production.
Lifestyle patterns on prevention of coronary artery disease among hypertensive clients, attending a tertiary hospital, Kathmandu
Authors: Mahato Anju Kumari , Onta Mandira , Mishra Tulashi Adhikari
Published: March 2020

Background: Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, especially for coronary artery disease. Healthy lifestyles will delay the progression of coronary artery disease.Objectives: To find out the life style pattern on prevention of coronary artery disease among hypertensive clients.Methodology: This is a descriptive; cross sectional research design based on quantitative approach. Non probability purposive sampling was used to select 202 respondents attending Outpatient Department at Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Centre, Kathmandu. Data was collected by interview technique using semi-structured questionnaire by researcher herself. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.Results: Findings of the study showed that 7.90% of hypertensive clients consumed ≥ 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day, whereas 97.52% were engaged in vigorous intensity work and current tobacco and alcohol consumers were 28.57% and 33.80% respectively. Adherence to all four healthy lifestyle pattern (Diet, Physical Activity, Tobacco Use and Alcohol Consumption) was 32.7%, whereas more than half (58.9%) of the clients adhered to three lifestyle pattern. There was significant association between dietary pattern and economic status (p = 0.018) and ethnicity (p = <0.001); and tobacco use and sex (p = <0.001).Conclusion: Adherence to healthy lifestyle pattern of hypertensive clients was inadequate. Thus, health education and other interventions to promote healthy lifestyle pattern are suggested.
Online Shopping in Nepal: Preferences and Problems
Authors: Vaidya Rashesh
Published: March 2020

The popularity of online shopping among Nepalese customers has increased with the cost-reduction of technology-based goods, the cost of internet services, and easy access to the internet. At the same time, the convenient modes of payments, and user-friendly, as well as, interactive shopping apps are further paving a pathway to unprecedented growth in the online shopping companies. The online shopping companies in Nepal have been seen following the Business to Consumer (B2C), Customer to Customer (C2C), or the ‘Facebook Store’ business model. The paper has taken 300 respondents, as a sample, who have at least twice shopping experiences, from a single online shopping company. The multiple-choice question, and open-end questions related to the preference, and problems faced were asked while going for online shopping in Nepal. In context to Nepal, time-saving, offers, easy ordering system and information available at the online shopping portal, were the main reasons for the shoppers, to prefer online shopping. The service quality provided by the online company, made the Nepalese customer, prefer online shopping. The quality of the product delivered to the customer was seen to be the major problem in Nepalese online shopping. The delivery of the wrong product was also seen one of the problems in online shopping in Nepal.
Medico Legal Cases in One Stop Crisis Management Center (OCMC) Kaski
Authors: Baral Madan Prasad
Published: March 2020

Background: The OCMC (One stop crisis management center) has been established in the recognized government hospitals of Nepal. The OCMC has built coalition and create an organizational manage­ment system with other organizations for providing comprehensive health and treatment services, legal aid services, and counseling services and make cer­tain protection to the survivors of GBV (Gender based violence) as well as to manage and control GBV incident. Worldwide more than 119 countries have laws on domestic violence, 125 countries have laws on sexual pestering and 52 coun­tries have laws on marital rape but still women are suffering from different physical, sexual and Psy­chological violence. Rape, hurt/battery, Indecent as­sault, are the main forms of violence.

Materials and Methods: Study is conducted in Western regional Hospital Pokhara, in OCMC (One stop crisis management center). It is a cross-section­al type of study. Data collected by the observation, interview and case study from the survivors of vi­olence, available published materials related to women Violence and OCMC are also studied. Total 200 cases of GBV survivors came to OCMC center of Kaski from 2073Baisakh to 2074Ashad and included in the study as a primary source of data.

Conclusion and Result: Out of total 200 cases, sexual offence victims were maximum in number which was 140 and least were forced marriage vic­tim which were only 4 in number. More than 50% of dalit caste people were the survivors of GBV cases. GBV cases were predominant in age group of 20- 30 years. Maximum numbers of victims of GBV in sexual offence cases were alleged Rape cases which accounts 85% of total cases came to OCMC center.
Transfer kulturowy w przekładzie dramatów na scenę
Authors: Adamowicz-Pośpiech Agnieszka
Published: March 2020

Literaturoznawcy, Michel Espagne i Michael Werner wprowadzili pojęcie „transferu kuturowego” do nauk humanistycznych. Proces transferu zachodzi zawsze w obie strony i jest kreatywny. W przypadku transferu kulturowego każda rzecz (koncepcje, systemy prawnych, idei, przedmioty materialne, terminy, konwencje literackie, teatralne itp.) nie tylko zostaje przeniesiona do nowego kontekstu, ale przede wszystkim nabiera nowego znaczenia. Kulturowa wymiana to nie cyrkulacja wiedzy i  idei takimi jakie są w środowisku oryginalnym, ale ich ponowna reinterpretacja w odmiennym kontekście kulturowym. Artykuł ma na celu analizę transferu kulturowego na przykładzie tradaptacji Jatindera Vermy w teatrze interkulturowym.  Naświetlone zostały procesy relokacji kulturowej klasyków, negocjacje językowe, heteroglosji i inicjacji ruchu nowych teatrów mniejszościowych. Autorka pokazuje także proces ewolucji definiowania i rozumienia takich zagadnień jak performatywność, wypowiadalność czy odgrywalność w najnowszych rozważaniach nad przekładem dramatu i ich wpływ na transfer kulturowy idei i konwencji teatralnych.
Adopsi Inovasi Layanan Antar Jemput Ijin Bermotor Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Authors: Setiarini Dani , Luthfi Achmad
Published: March 2020

The phenomenon of the emergence of various innovations in the public sector gives a new color in the implementation of public services. The presence of licensing pick-up service known as AJIB  from the Jakarta Capital Investment and One Stop Integrated Service (DPMPTSP) is a breakthrough innovation as an effort to improve service quality. AJIB purpose is to make it easier for the public to cut time and costs in the licensing process, as well as to eliminate the practice of intermediaries / brokers. However, in practice, the level of public adoption of AJIB services is still low. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the adoption of AJIB service innovations by the public. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method using the theory of innovation adoption put forward by Jenifer Wisdom, et al (2013). The results of the study concluded that DPMPTSP organizational provide adequate support for this service, but there are several factors that still need to be corrected by the Jakarta Capital Investment and One Stop Integrated Service to increase the adoption of AJIB service innovations to the community, including improvements regulations that support the implementation of AJIB, increasing socialization about AJIB services to the public and improving online channels to access AJIB services.Fenomena munculnya berbagai inovasi di sektor publik memberi warna baru dalam implementasi layanan publik. Kehadiran layanan penjemputan perizinan sepeda motor (AJIB) dari Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) Provinsi DKI Jakarta merupakan terobosan inovasi sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan, memudahkan masyarakat untuk memangkas waktu dan biaya dalam proses pengurusan perizinan, sekaligus untuk menghilangkan praktik perantara/calo perizinan. Akan tetapi, dalam pelaksanaannya, tingkat  adopsi masyarakat terhadap layanan AJIB ini masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi inovasi layanan AJIB oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori adopsi inovasi yang dikemukakan oleh Jenifer Wisdom, et al (2013).  Hasil dari penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa dukungan organisasi DPMPTSP DKI Jakarta atas layanan ini sudah cukup baik, akan tetapi terdapat beberapa faktor yang masih harus diperbaiki oleh Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Provinsi DKI Jakarta guna meningkatkan adopsi inovasi layanan AJIB kepada masyarakat, antara lain perbaikan regulasi yang mendukung penyelenggaraan AJIB, peningkatan sosialisasi tentang layanan AJIB kepada publik serta perbaikan saluran online untuk mengakses layanan AJIB.
Potret Patologi Birokrasi Di Kantor Badan Pertanahan Nasional Agraria dan Tata Ruang (BPN-ATR), Kota Cimahi
Authors: Hamirul Hamirul -
Published: March 2020

The problem of bureaucracy has become a national problem, not least in the city of Cimahi, BPN / ATR as one of the institutions serving the community has always been in the spotlight because of the many complaints felt by the community and in this paper the researcher wants to know the types of bureaucratic pathology that violate legal norms and laws. invitations that apply and what strategies can be done to overcome the problem. The method used is a mixed method with descriptive analysis, data collection techniques used are structured interviews and questionnaires. Pathology suffered by the BPN / ATR city of Cimahi; Receive a bribe, Corruption. The strategy carried out is the strategy of strengthening the role of individual bureaucracy related to the quality of human resources, the strategy of strengthening the role of the bureaucracy in an organization, and the Strengthening Strategy of the role of the bureaucracy in a systematic manner. Permasalahan Birokrasi sudah menjadi masalah nasional, tidak terkecuali di kota Cimahi, BPN/ATR sebagai salah satu lembaga yang melayani masyarakat selalu menjadi sorotan kerena banyaknya keluhan yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat dan dalam tulisan ini peneliti ingin mengetahui jenis patologi birokrasi yang melanggar norma hukum dan perundang-undangan yang berlaku serta strategi apa saja yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah mixed method dengan analisis deskriptif, Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara terstruktur dan angket. Patologi yang di derita oleh BPN/ATR kota Cimahi; Menerima sogok, Korupsi. Strategi yang dilakukan adalah stretegi penguatan peran birokrasi secara individu terkait dengan kualitas SDM, Strategi penguatan peran birokrasi secara organisasi, dan Strategi Penguatan peran birokrasi secara kesisteman.
“You Can’t Be Here”: The Playwriting Dialectic in Ella Hickson’s Oil
Authors: Poore Benjamin
Published: March 2020

Premiered at London’s Almeida Theatre in 2016, Ella Hickson’s play Oil uses an elongated time span to show the growth in global dependence on oil since the nineteenth century and to speculate on its future consequences. Hickson’s play is formally influenced by the disrupted-time plays of Caryl Churchill. The present article, however, makes the case for another playwriting influence: that of George Bernard Shaw, whose discussion plays Oil comes to resemble in its third and fourth parts. Adopting the language Shaw uses in his critical study The Quintessence of Ibsenism, the article argues that Oil stages, in its dramaturgy, a dialectical struggle between the Shavian and Churchillian traditions. Viewed in this light, Hickson’s next play, The Writer, can be read as a synthesis of Oil’s formal experimentation and the critical reaction to it.
Reflexos do acesso e consumo de água potável no cotidiano de mulheres em situação de pobreza: um estudo em comunidades urbanas do município de Jaboatão dos Guararapes/PE
Authors: Da Silva Dinar Souza , Cabral Romilson Marques
Published: March 2020

Historicamente, as mulheres são as que mais padecem com a falta de acesso à água potável. Quase sempre são atribuições delas as atividades domésticas, incluindo suprir a demanda de água. A divisão sexual do trabalho determina tarefas de homens e mulheres, inclusive dentro do lar. Este artigo apresenta parte da pesquisa de dissertação de mestrado, e tem como objetivo descrever de que forma a falta de acesso à água potável reflete no cotidiano de mulheres em situação de pobreza. A construção desta pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa, exploratória, composta por pesquisa documental, coleta de campo e tratamento dos dados. A pesquisa foi realizada em comunidades da área urbana do município de Jaboatão dos Guararapes/PE. Os resultados apontam que muitas mulheres têm o cotidiano marcado pela precarização do acesso e do consumo de água. A provisão de infraestruturas para um abastecimento de água adequado reduziria potencialmente a sobrecarga de tempo de mulheres, uma vez que, além do período gasto em afazeres domésticos, precisam dedicar um tempo para o provimento de água, aumentando, assim, a sobrecarga total de trabalho.
Fictional character’s influence on readers’ perception (as exemplified in a home reading book)
Authors: Koshkin Dmitrii Aleksandrovich , Ivanov Mikhail Dmitrievich
Published: March 2020

This article deals with some examples of the main character’s influence on a reader at verbal-semantic, linguo-cognitive and motivational levels as exemplified in a home reading book.
Key words: lexicon, thesaurus, pragmaticon, home reading book.
How Distressed Are Cancer Patients when They Get Discharged from Hospital? Patients’ Distress and its Associations with Health Care Professionals’ Communication Skills and Perceived Stress
Authors: Wuensch Alex , Wuensch Alex , Göritz Anja S. , Rautenberg Beate , Offergeld Christian , Kugler Christiane , Lahmann Claas , Roederer Natalie
Published: March 2020

Objective: For cancer patients, the period between hospital discharge and outpatient follow-up can result in “distressand” patients need to be prepared by health care professionals (HCP) for that while being in hospital. Adequate communication is important for that. HCPs have often high levels of stress which can have a negative impact on HCPs’ communication. This study examines patients’ distress, HCPs’ communication, HCPs’ perceived stress and the relationships between them.
Methods: Sixty-two cancer patients answered questionnaires on their distress (anxiety, depression, symptom burden) two days before and two days after hospital discharge and evaluated HCPs’ communication. Thirty-eight HCPs’, in turn, evaluated their perceived stress. Fifty-three patient data sets and 38 HCP data sets were included and analyzed descriptively, and by linear regression.
Results: Pre- and post-discharge anxiety and depression were in the normal range and symptom burden was low. However, approximately 10% had a substantial level of anxiety or depression pre-discharge and approximately 20% post-discharge. Correlations were found between HCPs’ perceived stress and a change in patients’ symptom burden.
Conclusion: Many patients were prepared well enough for hospital discharge. Still, the percentage of anxious and depressed patients increased after returning home. HCPs’ perceived stress in hospitals is related to patients’ increase in distress. It needs to be taken seriously to ensure both HCPs’ and patients’ well-being.
Malignant Transformation of Craniopharyngioma after Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy
Authors: Nishimura Fumihiko , Nishimura Fumihiko , Nakase Hiroyuki , Nakagawa Ichiro , Tamura Kentaro , Kakutani Miho , Matsuda Ryosuke , Yamada Shuichi , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Motoyama Yasushi , Takamura Yoshiaki , Park Young-Soo
Published: March 2020

Background: We present a rare case of malignant transformation of a craniopharyngioma in a patient who received growth hormone replacement therapy.
Case Description: A 43-year-old male came to our department with a headache and visual disturbance and was admitted. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a giant tumor in the intra- and suprasellar region compressing the optic chiasma. Using a transcranial pterional approach, the tumor was removed as much as possible, with the residual mass removed later with a trans-sphenoidal approach. The initial histopathological diagnosis was adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. Decompression of the optic chiasma was achieved and visual function improved, though residual tumor tissue remained in the parasellar region, without regrowth seen for more than 24 years. At the age of 67 years, the patient received growth hormone replacement therapy because of a deficiency, then 2 years later the residual tumor began to grow gradually. Trans-sphenoidal surgery was again performed to remove the growing tumor and histopathology results revealed an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma with malignant transformation. Stereotactic radiation therapy was performed for the residual mass with a total dose of 60 Gy. Presently, 1 year later the patient has a stable condition, and the tumor remains controlled, while follow-up examinations are continuing.
Conclusion: A craniopharyngioma may undergo malignant transformation with continuous exposure to administered growth hormone. Close follow-up and imaging examinations are necessary to detect a change, including tumor growth in such cases.
Incorporating Neuromuscular Reeducation Techniques During Postoperative Rehabilitation Improves Functional Performance After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Judd Dana , Davidson Bradley S. , Judd Dana , Dennis Douglas A. , Stevens-Lapsley Jennifer E. , Winters Joshua D. , Schenkman Margaret
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty is a common procedure in end-stage hip osteoarthritis. Yet, following hip arthroplasty, deficits in functional performance, possibly due to movement compensations, persist. The purposes of this study are to provide conceptual basis for improving functional performance following hip arthroplasty by addressing movement compensation, present a unique rehabilitation protocol developed from this conceptual framework, and present findings from a preliminary investigation.
Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized, controlled preliminary trial with concealed allocation and intention-to-treat analysis. Twenty participants undergoing primary, posterior approach THA were randomized into a neuromuscular reeducation and a control group. The neuromuscular reeducation group completed an 8-week, outpatient rehabilitation program after total hip arthroplasty utilizing neuromuscular reeducation techniques to promote pelvic stability and strength to improve movement quality. The control group was supervised by the study therapist weekly for 8 weeks after surgery but did not attend outpatient rehabilitation. Outcomes, assessed before and after surgery, included stair climb test, gait speed, 6-minute walk test, assessments of postural control and pelvic stability, muscle strength, and self-reported function.
Results: Following the intervention, the neuromuscular reeducation group demonstrated statistically and clinically significant improvements in the stair climb test, 4-meter walk, 6-minute walk, postural control, and in some patient-reported outcomes. Further, there were trends toward improvement in pelvic stability during functional tasks and muscle strength, but these improvements were not statistically significant.
Conclusions: Findings of this preliminary investigation support the use of neuromuscular reeducation techniques to improve functional performance after total hip arthroplasty, yet more information may be needed to determine efficacy. Therefore, this preliminary work has set the stage for future investigations to explore whether neuromuscular reeducation training after total hip arthroplasty should be considered in clinical practice.
Psychological and Neurocognitive Impact of Behcet’s Disease
Authors: Fisher Caroline , Fisher Caroline
Published: March 2020

Behcet’s disease is a vasculitis, causing multisystem inflammation and resulting in oral and genital ulcers and eye and skin lesions. A proportion of suffers also have neurological involvement, termed neuro-Behcet’s disease. The purpose of this review was to investigate the psychological and neurocognitive sequelae associated with Behcet’s and neuro-Behcet’s disease and provide directions for future research. Depression and anxiety are the most researched psychological conditions in Behcet’s disease and appear to be the most consistently observed disorders across studies. Depression and anxiety severity is significantly higher relative to controls, and rates are similar across Behcet’s and neuro-Behcet’s cohorts. A systematic review would be helpful to fully determine the magnitude of these psychological disorders in Behcet’s disease and elucidate correlated clinical, regional and demographic factors. Further research is also needed into somatic and psychotic conditions as existing studies have yielded inconsistent results. Attenuations in neurocognitive functioning appear to be on a continuum. Reduced cognitive functioning is observed in Behcet’s disease relative to healthy controls; however, it is observed more frequently in neuro-Behcet’s disease, and in a broader range of neurocognitive domains (visual-spatial abilities, working memory, acquired knowledge, processing speed, long-term memory encoding and retrieval). Methodological limitations in existing studies, thus far, have not allowed for further synthesis of the data, such as through meta-analysis, and the field would benefit from several large-sample, multi-site studies using broad cognitive assessment batteries. Assessments of psychological functioning should be included as part of routine practice in clinics treating patients for Behcet’s disease. The potential for neurocognitive impairment should also be considered, particularly in those with neuro-Behcet’s. Appropriate referral pathways for psychiatric, psychological or neuropsychological intervention and treatment can then be offered, so that the psychological and neurocognitive needs in this patient cohort can be appropriately met.
Combination of sacral-alar-iliac screw and cortical bone trajectory screw techniques for lumbosacral fixation: technical note
Authors: Matsukawa Keitaro , Kato Takashi , Mobbs Ralph , Yato Yoshiyuki , Asazuma Takashi
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

Lumbosacral fixation plays an important role in the management of devastating spinal pathologies, including osteoporosis, fracture, infection, tumor resection, and spinal deformities, which require long-segment fusion constructs to the sacrum. The sacral-alar-iliac (SAI) screw technique has been developed as a promising solution to facilitate both minimal invasiveness and strong fixation. The rationale for SAI screw insertion is a medialized entry point away from the ilium and in line with cranial screws. The divergent screw path of the cortical bone trajectory (CBT) provides a higher amount of cortical bone purchase and strong screw fixation and has the potential to harmoniously align with SAI screws due to its medial starting point. However, there has been no report on the combination of these two techniques. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of this combination technique.

METHODS

The subjects consisted of 17 consecutive patients with a mean age of 74.2 ± 4.7 years who underwent posterior lumbosacral fixation for degenerative spinal pathologies using the combination of SAI and CBT fixation techniques. There were 8 patients with degenerative scoliosis, 7 with degenerative kyphosis, 1 with an osteoporotic vertebral fracture at L5, and 1 with vertebral metastasis at L5. Fusion zones included T10–sacrum in 13 patients, L2–sacrum in 2, and L4–sacrum in 2.

RESULTS

No patients required complicated rod bending or the use of a connector for rod assembly in the lumbosacral region. Postoperative CT performed within a week after surgery showed that all lumbosacral screws were in correct positions and there was no incidence of neurovascular injuries. The lumbosacral bone fusion was confirmed in 81.8% of patients at 1-year follow-up based on fine-cut CT scanning. No patient showed a significant loss of spinal alignment or rod fracture in the lumbosacral transitional region.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first paper on the feasibility of a combination technique using SAI and CBT screws. This technique could be a valid option for lumbosacral fixation due to the ease of rod placement with potential reductions in operative time and blood loss.
`Oral Tradition Nanga-Nanga in Simeulue Island
Authors: Lubis Tasnim
Published: March 2020

Oral tradition appears in many forms such as pantoons, poetry, songs, plays, and pantoon. Some of them are sung in order to make the performer easier to memorize the lyric. In Simeulue island, Aceh province Indonesia, several oral tradition namely nandong, nanga-nanga, and nafi-nafi are performed through songs. This study focus on describing the meaning of nanga-nanga. It was described through meaning as representative mental and meaning as enaction which is explained by Foley (1997). The data were video-audio recording of nanga-nanga, interview, and observation. The result of study showed that nanga-nanga was performed to express feeling through a story. The meaning of nanga-nanga is the pouring of one’s heart. The performer sung nanga-nanga more to entertain him/herself.
Entrepreneurial leadership and employee innovative behavior: Intervening role of creative self-efficacy
Authors: Mehmood Muhammad Shahid , Jian Zhang , Gilal Faheem Gul
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

Employee innovative behavior is an important factor to boost organizational innovation in order to gain a competitive advantage in the global business market. Several studies have been conducted across the world to explore the effect of different leadership styles on employee innovative behavior and find out diverse results.

OBJECTIVE:

Entrepreneurial leadership has been emerged as a new leadership theory from leadership and entrepreneurship literature to meet the dynamic changes in the 21st century. This study aims to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial leadership on employee innovative behavior, with the intervening role of creative self-efficacy, with the lens of social learning theory.

METHODS:

Data ( n = 265) were collected from the textile sector of Pakistan. Four core statistical techniques, i.e., descriptive statics, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminate validity analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data.

RESULTS:

Results have shown the positive direct influence of entrepreneurial leadership on employee innovative behavior and creative self-efficacy. Likewise, entrepreneurial leadership has an indirect positive influence on employee innovative behavior through creative self-efficacy.

CONCLUSION:

Entrepreneurial leadership is a new leadership theory, which is applicable in any nature and size of the organization. The current study explored the performance mechanism of entrepreneurial leadership on employee innovative behavior with the lens of social learning theory and provides several managerial and theoretical implications.
The staged government intervention, situational characteristics and innovation: Evidence from China
Authors: Yan Chen , Yanghao Zhan , Bhatti Misbah Hayat
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

Innovation practice of the enterprise is a complicated dynamic process which shows different environmental characteristics and different degrees of uncertainty and externality in each stage of activity. Therefore, it is important to consider the government involvement in enterprise innovation initiatives and interventions in the different stages of innovation is a question to be explored.

PURPOSE:

This research study examines staged government interventions, situational characteristics impact in manufacturing innovative enterprises in china.

DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH:

This quantitative study used the panel data including 443 manufacturing innovative enterprises in China from 2008 to 2011 to analyze the differential relationship between the government intervention and enterprises’ innovation performance by building the framework of “government intervention – situational characteristics-innovation performance”.

FINDINGS:

The empirical results show that single-stage government intervention produces an inhibitory effect on enterprises’ innovation performance, but multi-stage government intervention has a significant role in promoting their performance, especially the combination of the initial stage of innovation and the stage of innovation marketization. The moderation of the situational characteristics on the relationship between the government intervention and enterprises’ innovation performance has a larger difference.

CONCLUSION:

This paper supplements and extends previous research on institutions and innovations by the analysis of the relationship between government intervention, enterprise innovation, and regulatory mechanisms of enterprise R&D internationalization strategy, industry and regional characteristics. We deeply explore the transmission mechanism and internal process of government support in enterprise innovation, and effectively promote the development of the theory and practice of government support and enterprise innovation.
Human capital development: A construct for underprivileged students
Authors: Kongtong Thanapan , Phusavat Kongkiti , Pastuszak Zbigniew , Hidayanto Achmad Nizar , Majava Jukka
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

Preparing underprivileged students to become human capital is a challenge. Issues relating to motivation and behavior are often cited as a roadblock for the quality of their learning and development.

OBJECTIVE:

The primary goal of this study is to develop a construct for future design and improvement to ensure successful human capital development for underprivileged students. The proposed construct is derived from the case study with Bangkok Metropolitan Administration since 2016.

METHODS:

Observation and interviews, through the use of Big Data represent the key tasks in the study’s methodology. Comparing the findings with previous studies helped to verify the study’s credibility.

RESULTS:

Improvements (e.g., recognition and behavior) in science experiment and education, through the focus on ecology and environment have been successful due to empathy, trust, psychological safety, participation, sense of belongingness, pride, and financial incentive (from the sales of product developed from science experiment).

CONCLUSION:

The construct for human capital development helps visualize the interrelationship among these factors. More importantly, recognizing the extreme value in student demographics when engaging with underprivileged students is essential for design and improvement. Finally, additional tasks are recommended to help generalize and extend this construct.
Study of transient processes in a blast furnace based on the heat exchange scheme analysis
Authors: Spirin N. A. , Onorin O. P. , Istomin A. S. , Gurin I. A.
Published: March 2020

A blast furnace is a complicated metallurgical facility, which is characterized by considerable delay and inertia in the flow of heat and mass exchange. Therefore, the analysis of transient processes based on modern ideas about heat transfer is an important issue in solving technological problems of blast furnace smelting managing. A two-stage heat transfer scheme along the height of a blast furnace of modern technology presented. When studying the thermal state of a blast furnace as a control object, it is advisable to divide it into two thermal zones - the upper zone and the lower zone. The border between the zones is located in the upper part of the mixed reduction region, between the start level of coke carbon gasification and the horizon below which iron oxides are directly reduced. It was shown, that the upper and lower thermal zones have fundamental differences in heat exchange conditions and are interconnected through the index of iron direct reduction degree. The transient processes of silicon variation in the hot metal studied at variation of iron ore load, natural gas flow rate, temperature and humidity of the hot blast, oxygen content in the hot blast and slag basicity. It was shown that the oscillatory transition process is observed in case, after applying the perturbation, it will have the opposite effect on the thermal conditions of the lower and the upper stages of heat exchange in the blast furnace. The iron ore load, hot blast humidity and slag basicity were found to be the most predictable input parameters affecting the concentration of silicon in hot metal. Change in oxygen concentration in hot blast and natural gas consumption have an alternating character of influence on thermal conditions of the blast-furnace hearth. At that, the characteristics of the transient processes of blast furnaces through various channels of action vary and depend significantly on the properties of the smelted raw materials, design and operational parameters of the furnaces
Determination of adhesive characteristics of coatings by application a modern scratch test. Part 1. Possibilities of application a modern scratch test to determine adhesion properties of coatings.
Authors: Belov V. K. , Gubarev E. V. , Krivko O. V. , Papshev A. V. , Gofman N. G. , Samorodova E. G.
Published: March 2020

At present, many kinds of metal products are produced with application of various coatings. Coatings along with requirements to provide their functional properties, must also meet additional general requirements, in particular, must have a high adhesion resistivity. Methods of direct measuring of adhesion characteristics considered. It was shown, that estimation of coatings adhesion properties by regular standard methods has a subjective character, since it is accomplished visually by specially trained laboratory assistants. Appearance of new standards and modern devices for determining of adhesion characteristics of different coatings by scratch test creates new possibilities of those properties regulation in digital form without subjective estimations. A methodology considered for determining coatings adhesion properties by application theory of scratch test. Estimation of strength parameters of the coating material depending on coating destruction character by power and geometric parameters of the deformation hearth was carried out. The relation of power characteristics of deformation hearth under indenter analyzed. Advantages and drawbacks of the scratch test quoted. It was noted, that implementation of new devices for the scratch test has required adoption of new standards for polymer and ceramic coatings. Implementation of those standards and devices for estimation of different coatings adhesion properties by application scratch test at present has no insuperable obstacles.
New economically effective steel strips production technologies (based on materials of international conferences)
Authors: Matveev B. N.
Published: March 2020

Production of steel rolled products by using traditional metallurgical technologies are rather material- and energyintensive and its concentration at gigantic steel plants resulted in the increased expenses for transportation of raw materials and finished products. To solve the problems, a practice of comparatively small metallurgical plants (mini-mills) construction is becoming widespread in the world steel industry. The mini-mills include modern electric arc furnaces, ladle steel treatment facilities and steel continuous casters combined with continuous rolling mills. The review complied from materials of international conferences, taken place in 2015–2019. In the review achievements in equipment and technology of metal products at mini-mills development considered, as well as analysis of modern economical methods of steel coils presented. It was shown, that the methods of strips endless rolling, widely used already at industrial scale in several countries, enable producing rather thin hot-rolled strips from liquid steel. Universal casting-rolling aggregates (CRA) developed, by which high quality strips of rather wide assortment can be produced. For a mass production of rather thin (down to 0.8 mm) hot-rolled strips, which can in many applications substitute more expensive coldrolled ones, compact aggregates of endless casting-rolling are recommended, which provide the yield of up to 98%. Concepts of the CRA elaborated for production of steel strips of wide assortment, from ultrathin strips to thick (25 mm) ones. The concepts include application of thermomechanical treatment to increase the mechanical properties of the rolled products from various steels, including low-alloyed ones.
Propuestas históricas del Pensamiento Social Cristiano en tiempos de crisis económica
Authors: Camacho Laraña Ildefonso
Published: March 2020

La comparación entre dos grandes crisis del capitalismo contemporáneo permite al autor relacionarlas con las correspondientes tomas de posición que la Iglesia, a través de su Doctrina social, tuvo ante las mismas. La crisis de 1929 quedó reflejada en la encíclica social de Pío XI, Quadragesimo anno (1931), mientras que con Caritas in veritate (2009), Benedicto XVI llegó a tiempo de hacer algunas observaciones importantes sobre la crisis financiera iniciada en 2007, aunque todas sus consecuencias no fueran entonces visibles. El artículo no pudo referirse al magisterio social de Francisco, elegido meses antes, en marzo de 2013. En la presentación de las propuestas de Caritas in veritate, se subraya la necesaria reconsideración sobre la naturaleza de la actividad económica y sobre una autoridad pública mundial, realizada ya por Juan XXIIII en 1963. A continuación se presentan las aportaciones de dos recientes documentos de Justicia y Paz sobre la reforma del sistema financiero y sobre el liderazgo empresarial. Un apartado de conclusiones resume el conjunto de estas proposiciones separadas por casi 80 años. La propuesta de valores para afrontar las crisis, especialmente la lógica de la gratuidad que subrayó Benedicto XVI, puede llegar a tener un interesante influjo, aunque no sea a corto plazo.
La economía civil en la perspectiva de la doctrina social de la Iglesia
Authors: Zamagni Stefano
Published: March 2020

Al aceptar la invitación de UNIJES para participar en este simposio, me propuse poner en relación mi enfoque actual de reflexión y trabajo con la doctrina social de la Iglesia (DSI). Para ello articularé la exposición en dos partes: una primera parte en la que mostrar las líneas maestras de la Economía civil, surgida de la misma matriz de pensamiento que la DSI. Este paradigma ofrece grandes posibilidades de investigación y realización desde una lógica económica acorde con el principio de fraternidad; en la segunda intentaré mostrar algunas claves éticas de la doctrina social de la Iglesia, su articulación a partir de la idea de bien común frente a la de bien total y, para acabar, una propuesta de aplicación de esta lógica al flujo incesante de las res novae, incluyendo la configuración actual de los mercados.
La democracia humillada. El orden político en tiempos de apaciguamiento
Authors: Rivas Nieto Pedro
Published: March 2020

La democracia liberal –como sistema y como “estado de las cosas”– y el orden internacional después de 2001 pasan por una crisis de alcance mundial. El autor afirma que la ruptura con los logros de la democracia liberal, si sólo se halla integridad en ideas o regímenes políticos “puros” y no se tiene en cuenta los bienes imperfectos, es un error que podemos pagar muy caro. ¿Tenemos claro hacia dónde va el mundo? En primer lugar se presenta un recorrido de lo sucedido desde la caída del Muro de Berlín hasta el 11 de septiembre de 2001 y a continuación se analiza la reacción tras estos hechos, tanto en los Estados Unidos de América como en la Unión Europea. En la parte más reflexiva y propositiva, el autor hace una crítica de los “paradigmas de la equidistancia” y de la llamada “política del apaciguamiento”. En la conclusión, reacciona vigorosamente contra quienes critican irreflexivamente la democracia liberal. La desaparición o deterioro de ésta conllevaría la pérdida de la libertad y de la posibilidad de la justicia.
Universalidad de la democracia y estructura de la persona.
Authors: Pérez Duarte Javier
Published: March 2020

En la era de las masas la persona necesita sentirse como tal dentro de la democracia. La universalidad de la democracia hay que contemplarla, al igual que un paisaje, desde un lugar determinado, en este caso desde la perspectiva de Europa. El viejo continente ha de ofrecer un renovado espíritu al resto del mundo. El nuevo escenario surgido tras la “guerra fría” necesita un proyecto que camine hacia una paz, en el que ha de estar presente la paz religiosa y en el que el catolicismo debe ser ejemplo práctico de los valores del Evangelio. En este proyecto cobra sentido el argumento de la persona, expresión de universalidad y, al mismo tiempo, de concreción histórica de los derechos humanos, reflejo de su menesterosidad. La democracia adquiere carácter debido a esas dos vertientes personales, la universal y la histórica, expresión esta de su fragilidad y representación de la época.