bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT ADAM MALIK GENERAL HOSPITAL, MEDAN, INDONESIA
Authors: Nababan Memo , Umbul Wahyuni Chatarina , Aguslina Siregar Fazidah
Published: June 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is third highest cause of death in Indonesia with percentage 6.71%, and 2018 Indonesia was ranked seventh among the 10 countries with most diabetes with prevalence based on blood sugar level test results 8.56%. Adam Malik General Hospital is one of the hospitals with the highest percentage of diabetes in Medan with the cases reported by 1,323 people in 2020. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the factors related to the incidence of diabetes at the Adam Malik General Hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical design study. The study was conducted at Adam Malik General Hospital between April 22-May 4, 2021. The population of this study included all patients who went to internal medicine, while the sample part of the population (99 respondents) was sampled accidentally. The research instruments used were questionnaires, and data collection used primary and secondary data. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Three variables were related to the incidence of DM at Adam Malik General Hospital: family history of DM (P =0.00; PR=3.03; 95% CI= <1.37 PR <2.73), physical activity (P =0.00; PR= 3.33; 95% CI= <1.59 PR <6.95), and age (P =0.00; PR= 0.19; 95%CI= <0.52, PR <0.71). Conclusion: This study is that there are three factors related to occurrence of diabetes, namely family history, physical activity, and age. It is necessary to carry out regular physical activity every day and conduct health checks, especially for those who have a family history of DM.
ANALYSIS OF DIARRHEA MANAGEMENT IN CHILDREN UNDER TWO YEARS OLD IN INDONESIA
Authors: Choirul Hidajah Atik , Astutik Erni
Published: June 2023

Background: Diarrhea in children under two is still a severe problem in Indonesia, affecting achieving SDG target 3. Providing good care will reduce the risk of death in children caused by diarrhea. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics, place of residence, and access to media in mothers with children under two years old and diarrhea management in children in Indonesia. Methods: This study used secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (DHS) with a cross-sectional study design. Analyzed were the responses of 1,061 mothers whose children under two had diarrhea in the two weeks before the survey. Samples were taken using two-stage sampling methods. The data were analyzed by chi-square and multiple logistic regression. Multiple logistic regression was adjusted for the complex sampling designs of DHS for data analysis. Results: 59.50% of children received inappropriate treatment. Older mothers (AOR 20–24 = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.03–3.98) who lived in rural areas (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.03–1.94), had access to several media (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.01–4.10), and all media (AOR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.07–4.64), had higher odds of having a child whose diarrhea treatment was not appropriate after controlling for other variables. Conclusion: Mothers' age, residence, and access to media have a significant relationship with inappropriate diarrhea care for their children. Therefore, interventions need to focus on women who live in rural areas and have access to the media.  
Conclusion: Mother’s age, residence, and access to media have a significant relationship with inappropriate diarrhea care for their children. Therefore, interventions need to focus on women who live in rural areas and have access to the media. It is hoped that this intervention can increase mother's knowledge to provide good care when her child has diarrhea.
RELATIONSHIP OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING WITH UTERINE INVOLUTION POSTPARTUM AT PMB NISBAHNINGSIH
Authors: Fitriani Yunita , Farihatin Yuyun , Rukanah Rukanah
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Process Breastfeeding affects the decrease in fundal height. that mother having impaired lactation will hinder the process of uterine involution which will result in bleeding. one way to prevent bleeding during puerperium is to give ASI as early as possible maybe the baby. Methods: This study uses an analytical method with a cross sectional approach. The sampling  technique  was non probability with accidental sampling method, where the researcher collected samples until fulfilled at PMB Nisbahningsih Gresik as many as 21 postpartum mothers. Results: The test results as many as 21 post partum mothers with statistical analysis used contingency coefficient test showed a p = 0.005 < α = 0.05, there was a significant the relationship of exclusive breastfeeding with uterine involution process in postpartum mothers at PMB Nisbahningsih gresik. Conclusions: The results of this study it can be concluded thah that there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding on uterine involution. Therefore it is expected that post partum mothers give exclusive breastfeeding to their babies so that the process of  runs normally.
EFFLEURAGE MASSAGE WITH VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) TO PREVENT DECUBITUS ULCERS IN IMMOBILIZED PATIENTS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Nuzulullail Agung Subakti , Pranata Satriya , Armiyati Yunie , Chanif
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Some of the problems that arise due to incomplete mobilization, the most common are decubitus ulcers. Massage effleurage (ME) is used as a non-pharmacological intervention that can be given to patients who are immobilized, aiming to keep the skin moist. In the final scientific work of this nurse. The author purpose was to determine the effect of giving ME with Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) in patients at risk of pressure sores. Methods: This case study uses a descriptive method with a nursing care approach. The case study will be carried out in December 2022, in the Rajawali Room 3A RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang on 2 respondents. The respondent's inclusion criteria were immobilized patients for more than 2 weeks with a risk of developing pressure sores. Giving massage with VCO is done 2 times a day for 5 days, on areas of pressure such as the sacrum, scapula, and heels with a total duration of 45 minutes. The instrument used in this case study is the Braden Scale to measure the risk of pressure sores, the fewer scores obtained, the higher the risk of decubitus. Results: After 5 days of intervention, first responders experienced a decrease from a score of 8 (very high risk) to a score of 13 ( high risk), then for the second respondent from a total score of 7 (very high risk) to a score of 9 (very high risk), the higher the score obtained, the lower the risk of decubitus. Conclusions: Administering ME with VCO has a positive effect on reducing decubitus risk scores in immobilized patients.
Media Sosial dan Kewarganegaraan Transformatif
Authors: Arnaz Yogie Arnaz , Anggi arif fudin setiadi
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find out how Info Cegatan Jogja (ICJ) and Merawat Jogja (MJ) became new social movement media and form transformative citizenship awarness. The research paradigm is constructivism. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that in the Info Cegatan Jogja and Merawat Jogja groups there were post related to social movements such as the anti-vandalism, the anti-waste, the anti-clitih, the anti-bullying, the contact movement and so on. Info Cegatan Jogja and Merawat Jogja is a medium for forming solidarity among the people of Yogyakarta, where many members of the ICJ and MJ are actively post solidarity activities such as house renovation, helping residents who are having problems on the road, providing medical aids, cleaning visual trash, moving wani ngebis, returning lost items to their owners and many others. Thus it can be said that Info Cegatan Jogja and Merawat Jogja have become media for new social movements as well as media for forming transformative citizenship.
Comparison of Efficiency Based Optimal Load Distribution for Modular Ssts With Biologically Inspired Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Mughees Mariam , Sadaf Munazza , Gelani Hasan Erteza , Bilal Abdullah , Saeed Faisal , Chowdhury MD. Shahariar , Techato Kuaanan , Channumsin Sittiporn , Ullah Nasim
Published: June 2023

The battle of currents between AC and DC reignited as a result of the development in the field of power electronics. The efficiency of DC distribution systems is highly dependent on the efficiency of distribution converter, which calls for optimized schemes for efficiency enhancement of distribution converters. Modular solid-state transformers play a vital role in DC Distribution Networks and Renewable Energy systems (RES).This paper deals with efficiency-based load distribution for Solid State Transformers (SSTs) in DC distribution networks. Aim is to achieve a set of minimum inputs that are consistent with output while considering constraints and efficiency. As the main feature of modularity is associated with a three-stage structure of SSTs. This modular structure has been optimized using Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) and validated by applying it EIA (Energy Information Agency) DC Distribution Network which contains SSTs. In the DC distribution grid, modular SSTs provide promising conversion of DC power from medium voltage to lower DC range (400V). The proposed algorithm is simulated in MATLAB and also compared with two other metaheuristic algorithms. The obtained results prove that the proposed method can significantly reduce input requirements for producing the same output while satisfying the specified constraints.
The Petrology & Geochemistry of REE-Enriched, Alkaline Vol-Canic Rocks of Ambitle Island, Feni Island Group, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Ponyalou Olive L. , Petterson Michael , Espi Joseph
Published: June 2023

Ambitle in the Feni Island group is located at the southeastern end of the NW trending Ta-bar-Lihir-Tanga-Feni (TLTF) island chain, northeastern Papua New Guinea. This island chain is known for the presence of alkaline magmas, geothermal activity, copper-gold mineralization, and mining. The purpose of this study is to present and interpret the petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical data of the subaerial volcanic rocks from Feni within the context of the tectonic evolution of the TLTF. The TLTF arc is a younger arc situated within the Greater Melanesian Arc, specifically the New Ireland Basin bounded by New Ireland and the extinct Kilinailau Trench. The formation of the TLTF is attributed to post-subduction extensional tectonics relating to the opening of the Manus Basin and the magma is potentially sourced from subduction-modified upper mantle. The main rock types sampled in this study are alkalic and include feldspath-oid-bearing basalt, trachybasalt, phonotephrite, trachyandesite, and trachydacite or quartz-trachyte. Minerals identified include forsteritic olivine, diopside, augite, andesine, anor-thitic plagioclase, nepheline and leucite in the primitive mafic suites whereas the more evolved intermediate and felsic hypabyssal suites contain amphibole, albite, orthoclase, biotite, and either rare quartz or feldspathoids. Amphibole composition is primarily magnesiohastingsite with minor pargasite formed under polybaric conditions. Accessory minerals include apatite, ti-tanite, and Ti-magnetite. Feni magmas are highly enriched in REEs relative to neighboring arcs. Fractional crystallization is the dominant process in the geochemical evolution of the Ambitle lavas. Pyroxene fractionation is dominant in the mafic lavas whereas hornblende fractionation is a major petrologic process within the intermediate suites proven by the presence of LREE enrichment and depletions in MREE and HREE.
Experimental and Theoretical Estimations of Atrazine´s Adsorption on Mangosteen Peel-derived Nanoporous Carbons
Authors: Matos Juan , Amézquita-Marroquín Claudia P , Lozano Johan D , Zapata-Rivera Jhon , Giraldo Liliana , Poon Po S , Moreno-Pirajan Juan Carlos
Published: June 2023

Nanoporous carbons were prepared by chemical and physical activation from mangosteen peel-derived chars. The removal of atrazine was studied due to the bifunctionality of the N-groups. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle pore diffusion kinetic models were analyzed. Adsorption isotherms were also analyzed according to Langmuir and Freundlich models. Results obtained were compared against two commercial activated carbons with comparable surface chemistry and porosimetry. The highest uptake was found for the carbons with higher content of basic surface groups. The role of the oxygen-containing groups on the removal of atrazine was estimated experimentally by the surface density. Results were compared with the adsorption energy of atrazine theoretically estimated on pristine and functionalized graphene with different oxygen-groups using periodic DFT methods. The energy of adsorption follows the same trend observed experimentally, namely the more basic the pH the more favored is the adsorption of atrazine. Micropores play an important role in the uptake of atrazine at low concentration but the presence of mesoporous is also required to inhibit the pore mass diffusion limitations. The present work contributes to the understanding of the interactions between triazine-based pollutants and the surface functional groups on nanoporous carbons in the liquid-solid interface.
Frequency of Circulating B Cell Subpopulations in Umbilical Cord Blood and Adult Venous Blood
Authors: Goedicke-Fritz Sybelle , Bous Michelle , Weber Regine , Kaiser Elisabeth , Rogosch Tobias , Markert Sabrina , Kerzel Sebastian , Schmidt Tina , Maier Rolf Felix , Zemlin Michael
Published: June 2023

Background: The intrauterine and early extrauterine development represents a “window of opportunity” in the immunological development. The underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to provide reference values B cell subpopulations in cord blood of term newborns, juveniles and in adults to find the spectrum of their physiological age-related variation.
Methods: In this study, we used ﬂow cytometry to evaluate human B lymphocytes and subpopulations in cord blood (n = 10), in peripheral blood from healthy juveniles aged 1 to 17 years (n=20) and from donors aged 24 to 62 years (n = 10).
Results: Our findings showed increasing frequencies of IgM memory B cells, class-switched memory B cells, marginal zone B cells and plasmablasts, from cord blood to peripheral blood of juveniles and adults. In con-trast, the percentage of naïve B cells was higher in newborns than in juveniles and adults. The frequencies of were similar in cord blood and peripheral blood of adults. Interestingly, transitional B cells frequencies were similar in cord blood and adults but significantly lower in juveniles.
Conclusions: The frequencies of circulating B cell subpopulation are subject to considerable changes during on-togeny, reflecting overlying effects of maturation and of the acquisition of an adaptive immune memory.
Resorbable Bilayer Membrane Made of L-Lactide-ε-Caprolactone in Guided Bone Regeneration: An In Vivo Experimental Study
Authors: Watanabe Taito , Hasuike Akira , Wakuda Shin , Kogure Keisuke , Min Seiko , Watanabe Norihisa , Sakai Ryo , Arai Yoshinori , Sato Shuichi
Published: June 2023

Insufficient oral ridge tissue presents a challenge in the treatment of dental implants. One method to enhance alveolar crest dimensions is guided bone regeneration (GBR); however, existing membranes have certain limitations. To address this issue, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of a resorbable bilayer membrane composed of poly(l-lactic acid) and poly(-caprolactone) （PLACL）with that of a collagen membrane（COL） in a rat GBR model. The rat calvaria was used as an experimental model by placing a plastic cylinder. Forty male Fisher rats underwent surgery, and micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analyses were performed to assess bone regeneration. The results showed that bone regeneration was similar across all the groups. However, after 24 weeks, the PLACL membrane demonstrated significant resilience, occasional partial degradation, and intermittent air bubble formation. This extended preservation of the barrier effect has great potential to facilitate optimal bone regeneration. In conclusion, this study shows that the PLACL membrane is a promising alternative to GBR. By providing a durable barrier and supporting bone regeneration over an extended period, this resorbable bilayer membrane may address the limitations of the current membranes. Further studies and clinical trials are warranted to validate the efficacy and safety of this drug in humans.
Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride: The Question of Covalent Bonding and Chemistry Considerations for Better Sizing – Review
Authors: Ntifafa Yao , Xu Lebo , Bollinger Sara , Ji Yun , Hart Peter W.
Published: June 2023

Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride (ASA) is a sizing agent used in papermaking to increase the water repellency of paper. Almost 60 years after the introduction of the chemical in papermaking, scientists still have differing views on how ASA interacts with cellulose. Several experiments were conducted to bring more clarity to the ASA sizing mechanism, especially on the contentious question of ASA-cellulose covalent bonding or the esterification reaction between ASA and cellulose during papermaking. Herein, research papers and patents, including experiments and results, from the1960’s to 2020 were reviewed. Our investigation revealed that the ester bond formation between ASA and cellulose is insignificant and is not a prerequisite for sizing effectiveness; the main ASA related material found in sized paper is hydrolyzed ASA or both hydrolyzed ASA and ASA salt. In addition, ASA emulsion stability and ASA emulsion retention are important for sizing efficiency improvement.
Experimental Study on Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Three Regressions Models for Electric Vehicle Applications
Authors: Ha Vo Thanh
Published: June 2023

This paper expressed three regression models that predict the lithium-ion battery life for electric cars based on a supervised machine-learning regression algorithm. The Linear Regression, Bagging Regressor, and Random Forest Regressor models will be compared for capacity prediction of lithium-ion batteries based on voltage-dependent per-cell modeling. When sufficient test data is available, three linear regression learning algorithms will train this model to give a promising battery capacity prediction result. The effectiveness of the three linear regression models will be demonstrated experimentally. The experiment table system is built with an NVIDIA Jetson Nano 4GB Developer Kit B01, a battery, an Arduino, and a voltage sensor. The Random Forest Regressor model has evaluated the model's accuracy based on the average of the square of the difference between the initial value and the predicted value in the data set (MSE (Mean Square Error)), and RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) is smaller than the Linear Regression model, Bagging Regressor model (MSE is 516.332762; RMSE is= 22.722957). The Linear Regression model with MSE and RMSE is the biggest (MSE is 22060.500669; RMSE is= 148.527777). This result allows the Random Forest Regressor model to remain a helpful life prediction of lithium-ion batteries. Moreover, this result allows rapid identification of battery manufacturing processes and will enable users to decide to replace defective batteries when deterioration in battery performance and lifespan are identified.
Continuous Authentication in the Digital Age: An Analysis of Reinforcement Learning and Behavioral Biometrics
Authors: Bansal Priya , Ouda Abdelkader
Published: June 2023

This article focuses on developing a continuous authentication system using behavioral biometrics to recognize users accessing computing devices. The user’s distinct behavioral biometric is captured through keystroke dynamics, and reward-based reinforcement learning (RL) ideas are applied to recognize them throughout the session. The suggested system adds an extra layer of security to traditional authentication methods, forming a robust continuous authentication system that can be added to static authentication systems. The methodology involves training a RL model to detect unusual user typing patterns and flag suspicious activity. Each user has an agent trained on their historical data, which is preprocessed and used to create episodes for the agent to learn from. The environment involves fetching observations and randomly corrupting them to learn out-of-order behavior. The observation vector includes both running features and summary features. The re-ward function is binary and minimalistic. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) model is used to encode the running features, and the Double Deep Q-Network (DDQN) algorithm with a fully connected neural network is used as the policy net. The evaluation achieved an average training accuracy and EER (equal error rate) of 94.7% and 0.0126 and test accuracy and ERR of 81.06% and 0.0323 for all users when the number of encoder features was increased. Therefore, it is concluded that by continuously learning and adapting to changing behavior patterns, this approach can provide more secure and personalized authentication, lowering the possibility of unauthorized access and cyberattacks. Overall, the use of reinforcement learning and behavioral biometrics for continuous authentication has the potential to significantly enhance security in the digital age and are effective in identifying each user.
Validation of an Italian Questionnaire of Adherence to the Ketogenic Dietary Therapies: iKetoCheck
Authors: Neri Lenycia de Cassya Lopes , Guglielmetti Monica , De Giorgis Valentina , Pasca Ludovica , Zanaboni Martina Paola , Trentani Claudia , Ballante Elena , Grumi Serena , Ferraris Cinzia , Tagliabue Anna , Delphi validation study group KDTs
Published: June 2023

Ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) are an effective and safe non-pharmacological treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy, but adherence can be challenging for both patients and caregivers. In Europe, there are no adequate tools to measure it other than monitoring ketosis. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Brazilian adherence questionnaire, Keto-check, into the Italian version: iKetoCheck. Using the Delphi technique, 12 judges validated the contents through agreement rate and the Content Validity Index (CVI). The iKetocheck was self-completed electronically by drug-resistant epilepsy or GLUT1 deficiency patients within an interval of 15 days to measure its reproducibility. Test-retest reliability was evaluated using Pearson correlation and relative significance test. Exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses were made using Factor software. The final tool, iKetoCheck, consists of 10 questions with 5-point Likert scale answers. It evaluates various aspects such as informing caregivers about the diet, organization of meals, measurement of ketosis, weighing food consumed, diet negligence, use of carbohydrate-free medications, attending follow-up visits, reading food labels, consulting an expert for dietary concerns, and cooking at home. The factorial analysis resulted in three factors: "attention," "organization," and "precision," with satisfactory results for indices in exploratory and confirmatory analyses. Although higher mean values of ketonemia measurement were observed in patients with a higher adherence score, these values were not statistically significant (p=0.284). In conclusion, iKetoCheck is a valid tool for evaluating KDTs' adherence in Italian drug-resistant epilepsy or GLUT1 deficiency patients. It can provide valuable information to improve patient management and optimize the effectiveness of KDTs.
Comparison of Fungal Genera Isolated from Cucumber Plants and Rhizosphere Soil by Using Various Culture Media
Authors: Cheng Chong-yang , Zhang Ming-yuan , Niu Yong-chun , Zhang Meng , Geng Yue-hua , Deng Hui
Published: June 2023

Plant endophytic fungi and rhizosphere soil fungi are often reported as biocontrol agents against plant pathogens or with plant growth promotion potential. Four treatments were performed in field and greenhouse experiments where cucumber plants were inoculated with Trichoderma harzianum and Fusarium oxysporum in 2022. The roots, stems and leaves of cucumber plants and their rhizosphere soil were collected twice individually from the field and greenhouse for isolation of cucumber endophytic and rhizosphere soil fungi. All 74 genera and 1275 fungal strains were sequenced by rDNA ITS. The PDA media yielded the highest number of genera isolated from cucumber plants, rhizosphere soil and both compared to other media. There were no significant differences among the 4 media for the isolation of cucumber endophytic fungi. The best media for isolating fungi from roots and stems were MRBA and PDA, respectively. PDA and CZA had higher isolation efficiency for the rhizosphere soil fungi than MRBA. The 28 fungal genera had high isolation efficiency, and the endophytic Trichoderma strains were best isolated by MEA. It is suggested that PDA can be used as a basic medium, and different media can be considered for specific fungal genera.
Effect of SM+Er and Heat Treatment on As-Cast Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 7055 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Wang Jue , Li Faguo
Published: June 2023

The cast grains of the 7055 aluminum alloy were refined by adding Sm + Er, and the proper heat treatment procedure was utilized to further precipitate the rare earth phase in order to increase the alloy's strength and toughness. The grain size, microstructure and phase were characterized by optical microscopes (OM), Scanning electron microscopy - energy spectrum (SEM-EDS), XRD diffractometer (XRD). The macroscopic hardness, yield strength and tensile strength of alloy materials were measured by hardness meter and universal electronic tensile machine. The results shown that the as-cast sample and the heat treatment sample all exist Al10Cu7Sm2 and Al8Cu4Er rare earth phase; But after heat treatment, the volume percentage of the rare earth phase dramatically increased and the dispersion was more unified. When 0.3wt.%Sm and 0.1wt.%Er were added, the grain size could be refined to 53μm. With the increase of the total content of rare earth elements, the refining effect first increased and then decreased. Under 410 oC solid solution for 2h + 150oC aging for 12h, the macroscopic hardness, yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of 0.3wt.%Sm + 0.1wt.%Er+7055 as-cast sample were 155.8HV, 620.5Mpa, 658.1Mpa, and 11.90%, respectively.
piRNAs and miRNAs Can Bind to mRNA of KLOTHO and FGF23 Genes
Authors: Ivashchenko Anatoliy , Akhmetova Kyrmyzy , Zhanuzakov Murat , Niyazova Togzhan , Tauassarova Makpal , Akimniyazova Aigul , Salimgerei Aron
Published: June 2023

The problem of increasing life expectancy is solved with the help of many medical and social areas. It has been established that piRNAs and miRNAs can significantly modify the expression of protein-coding genes by suppressing the translation process. The aim of this work was to establish the possibility of binding piRNAs and miRNAs with mRNA of the KLOTHO and FGF23 genes, which promote health and increase life expectancy through participation in key metabolic processes. We used the MirTarget program, which determines the quantitative characteristics of complementary interactions of all piRNAs and miRNAs nucleotides with mRNA of the genes. piR-44682, piR-1940042, piR-3008660, piR-3215034, piR-6885965, piR-7980636 and one miRNA (ID00756.3p-miR) binding to the mRNA of the KLOTHO gene were found in one cluster of binding sites (BSs). piRNA-6890096 interacted with the mRNA of KLOTHO gene in a fully complementary manner using only canonical nucleotides. Among 17494 human genes, target genes interacting with five piRNAs that bind to the mRNA of KLOTHO gene were identified. mRNA of the AFF2, BCL2L11, CPT1A, DAZAP1, NDRG3, SKIDA1, WBP4, ZIC5, ZSWIM6 genes interacted with piR-3215034 and piR-6885965, which formed clusters of BSs located in 5'UTR, CDS and 3'UTR. The piR-576442, piR-1501557, piR-1845735, piR-2069834, and piR-3029987 had BSs in the mRNAs of the FGF23 gene, located only in the 3'UTR. It is proposed to use piRNAs and miRNAs as regulators of the expression of KLOTHO and FGF23 anti-aging genes.
Estimating APC Model Parameter for Dynamic Intervals Determined using Change Point Detection in Petrochemical Continuous Process
Authors: Yu Yoseb , Lee Minyeob , Lee Chaekyu , Cheon Yewon , Baek Seungyun , Kim Youngmin , Kim Kyungmin , Jung Heechan , Lim Dohyeon , Byun Hyogeun , Jung Jongpil
Published: June 2023

Most petrochemical plants still maintain a Proportional-Integral-Differential controller(PID) system, which is a feedback control system. However, gradually, the PID system is being extended and introduced to the Advanced Process Controller (APC) system, which is an integrated control system of feedforward and feedback that predicts external influences in advance. In the process of conducting on-site plant tests and calculating APC model parameter for the application of APC systems, a problem arises that Model Parameter are implemented differently depending on the proficiency of APC engineers. To minimize this problem, a technique for estimating APC model parameter without a plant test is required. In order to estimate the APC model parameter, it is necessary to train on dynamic interval data. In this paper, we use statistical techniques such as PELT, Linear Kernel, and Radial Basis Function Kernel of Change Point Detection (CPD) to extract dynamic data with minimum Mean Absolute Error (MAE) from time series data of a real petrochemical plant. Then, the hyper parameter is fixed and the APC model parameter is estimated by learning the dynamic section data. By applying the estimated APC model parameter to the APC Model Tool and measuring the fitting rate, it was confirmed that it is possible to estimate the APC model parameter with excellent control performance without plant test.
Influence of the Human Field of View on Visual and Non-visual Quantities in Indoor Environments
Authors: Zauner Johannes , Broszio Kai , Bieske Karin
Published: June 2023

Spectrally weighed irradiance on the corneal plane is often used to determine the visual and non-visual potency of light. Spectral irradiance or illuminance is measured with a diffuser in the so-called 2π geometry (i.e., a hemispheric measurement). Due to anatomical conditions, the human binocular field of view (FOV) does not correspond to a hemisphere but is occluded upwards and downwards. FOV-restricted measurements are scarce, however, and thus the error when using hemispheric measurements is yet to be determined. For our study, we designed and 3D printed FOV occlusions as attachments to spectral measurement devices. Measurements with and without the occlusion were taken in different lighting situations in the laboratory (light from different directions) and in real-world conditions (light typically from above). Our measurements show a reduction of visual and melanopic values due to the FOV occlusion ranging from negligible to over 60% for realistic scenarios. Further, the reduction was comparable for visual and melanopic parameters, as the distribution of light in the FOV was generally spectrally homogeneous. In the case of an exemplary and artificial laboratory situation, however, the melanopic daylight (D65) efficacy ratio changed by more than a factor of 2 only due to the FOV occlusion. Finally, head orientation showed a marked impact on all quantities. Our results reveal the potential for considerable error when just evaluating and comparing vertical, hemispheric measurements in experiments and non-visual lighting design projects. We thus encourage the (additional) use of a FOV occlusion for eye-level measurements in typical viewing directions and provide open-source 3D-print files.
Delay of the Ripening of Wine Grapes: Effects of Specific Phytotechnical Methods on Harvest Parameters
Authors: Jahnke Gizella , Szőke Barna Árpád , Steckl Szabina , Szövényi Áron Pál , Knolmajerné Szigeti Gyöngyi , Németh Csaba , Jenei Botond Gyula , Nyitrainé Sárdy Diána Ágnes
Published: June 2023

Due to climate change, the sugar content of grapes in Hungary has increased so the high alcohol content alone can make wines disharmonious. In most vintages, this phenomenon is only a problem for early-ripening varieties. In order to prevent and treat this difficulty, we have been carrying out experiments in grape canopy management for four years with the aim of delaying ripening and thus reducing the sugar content of the grapes. The experiments were set up on an early (Pinot noir) and a late (Welshriesling) variety; two treatments (leaf re-moval - LR and short topping - ST) were applied and compared to untreated control in the years 2019-2022. Our results showed that must sugar yield was significantly reduced in all four years and for both of cultivars, while the other measured parameters (yield, acidity, pH, Botrytis infection) were not or lightly affected.
Wine-Making; “with one Stone Two Birds”? A Holistic Review of the Bio-Functional Compounds, Applications and Health Benefits of Wine and Wineries’ By-Products
Authors: Tsoupras Alexandros , Ni Victoria Ling Jun , O’Mahony Éimhín , Karali Maria
Published: June 2023

The plethora of bio-functional compounds present in fermented alcoholic beverages like wine, as well as the valorization of bioactives from their wineries/breweries by-products like grape pomace and grape seed, has gained significant interest in the functional foods sector. Wine has always accompanied humanity, for religion or for health. For example, Christians are using wine in the “Holy Communion”, following what Jesus Christ himself did and said during the Last Supper, while the benefits of the wine consumption in moderation was embedded in all Mediterranean civilizations, as it is mentioned by the wise King-Prophet David in his psalms, but also by Hip-pocrates and other wise men, in a Greek-based philosophy of “All things in Moderation” (Cleobulus of Lindos; 6th century BC). In modern times, and after the outbreak of research on wine benefits since the 90’s, when the term “French Paradox” was introduced in the US public during a CBS show, recent evidence has outlined that these benefits are derived by the synergisms of its bio-functional compounds and their digestion-derived metabolites. Within this article, the proposed health benefits of moderate wine consumption, as a functional component of a balanced diet (i.e. the Mediterra-nean Diet), against inflammation-related chronic disorders, is thoroughly reviewed. The various bio-functional compounds of both wine and wineries’ by-products, such as their bioactive phe-nolics, unsaturated fatty acids, polar lipids, and dietary fibers, and their functional antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic health promoting properties are also thoroughly evaluated. The mechanisms of actions and synergism, by which the health benefits are elicited, are also ex-plored. Functional properties of non-alcoholic wine products are also introduced. Emphasis is also given to applications of wineries’ by-products bioactives, as ingredients of bio-functional foods, supplements and nutraceuticals. Limitations and future perspectives for this popular functional alcoholic beverage (wine) ant its rich in bioactives by-products are also addressed. .
Importance of Omics Approaches in Plant-Microbe Interactions in Plant Disease Control
Authors: Ayyagari Ramlal , Rani Anita , Nautiyal Aparna , Kalra Charu , Kumari Reeta , Kumar Jitendra , Veeranna Shivamurthy , Mishra Vachaspati
Published: June 2023

The concept of omics-based technological approaches has promoted translational research by integrating knowledge from diverse areas to understand their dynamics by exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying various processes paving the way for further improvements in the crops quality by providing sound knowledge on controlling plant diseases. This area is not profoundly investigated a decade back and hence this knowledge has become exceedingly important in modern times as it has got potential for being utilized in crop improvement programs. In this review, the contributions of different omics technologies including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in understanding and materializing the ways involved in the plant pathogen interaction (PPI) is discussed. Furthermore, opportunities, challenges, and perspectives of omics linked to signaling mechanisms have also been highlighted that are significantly linked to plant-microbe interactions.
The Clinical Applications of Selected Circulating Tumor Biomarkers in Patients with Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors/Neoplasms
Authors: Rosiek Violetta , Zemczak Anna , Londzin-Olesik Magdalena , Kos-Kudła Beata
Published: June 2023

Due to the lack of a diagnostic tumor marker (TM), the diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia (PNEN) is usually delayed, and a large part of patients present with regional (RM) and distant metastases (DM). The project aimed to assess the serum TM levels in PNEN and their relationships with disease extent and grade. One hundred fifteen patients with PNEN and 40 healthy subjects (HS) were enrolled. Most of the PNEN were well-differentiated (93.04%) and non-functional (93.91%). Beta-2 microglobulin (BMG), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 18 (CY18), and ferritin concentrations in PNEN patients were significantly higher than in HS (p < 0.01). The highest area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.7 for differentiating PNEN patients from HS had CY18, CA19-9, and ferritin (p < 0.001). PNEN disease was localized (LD) in 63 patients, 8 had RM, and 44 exhibited DM. Patients with metastatic PNEN (RM, DM) also showed significantly higher levels of CY18, CA125, and CEA than those without metastases (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CY18, CA19-9, and ferritin were serum biomarkers that fair diagnosed PNEN disease. Elevated CY18, CA125, and CEA levels correlated with clinical stages (RM, DM) and elevated CY18, CA125 with high grade (G3) of disease.
Temperature-Stable Energy Storage Properties of Tungsten Bronze Type Compounds
Authors: Shi Xi , Khansur Neamul Hayet
Published: June 2023

The temperature-dependent energy storage properties of four tungsten bronze phase compounds are studied together with an investigation of their structure and temperature-dependent permittivity response, i.e., Ba6Ti2Nb8O30 (BTN), Ba6Zr2Nb8O30 (BZN), Sr3TiNb4O15 (STN) and Sr3ZrNb4O15 (SZN) ceramics. It was found that BZN has smaller grains and a more porous structure than BTN. SZN shows no clear grain boundaries with the most porous structure among all samples, exhibiting a much lower permittivity response than other samples with no signs of phase transitions from room temperature to 400 °C. Though the energy storage response of those samples is generally quite low, it exhibits rather good temperature stability. It was suggested that by obtaining a denser structure through chemical modification or other methods, those tungsten bronze ceramics with good temperature stability could be promising as energy storage devices when improved energy storage properties are achieved.
Performance Analysis of a Solar-Powered Evaporative Cooling System
Authors: Choubani Karim , A Almeshaal Mohammed , Rabha Mohamed Ben
Published: June 2023

Solar energy is a renewable and sustainable source of energy, and it has been used in addition of specified technologies, such as solar cooling. The demand for cooling continues to increase in line with environmental changes and a greater desire for human comfort. This study primarily aimed to analyze the performance of an evaporative cooling system powered by solar energy and assess the economic and environmental impact of this system. In this system, hot, dry incoming air is used to evaporate water, thus transforming part of its sensitive heat into latent heat without any variation in enthalpy or total heat. The outputted air then has a lower temperature and a greater humidity, thus providing a more comfortable, healthier environment for its users. To achieve this study’s objectives, numerical code was developed and implemented in MATLAB. The obtained results reveal that the efficiency of the evaporative cooler exceeds 90%, with maximum efficiency being reached at a high wet-bulb depression, while minimum efficiency was observed when the dry air has a high relative humidity and a low dry-bulb temperature.
Bedside Testing in Acute Vestibular Syndrome - HINTS Plus and Beyond – A Critical Review
Authors: Tarnutzer Alexander Andrea
Published: June 2023

Acute vertigo and dizziness are frequent presenting symptoms in patients on the emergency department. With a broad differential diagnosis and symptoms/signs often subtle and transient, the diagnostic approach to the dizzy patient remains challenging. Previous work emphasized the value of combining structured history-taking and a targeted examination focusing on subtle oculomotor signs. Here I review different bedside algorithms proposed for the acutely dizzy patient. Comparing area-under-the-curve ROC-characteristics and sensitivity/specificity, highest diagnostic accuracy was observed for algorithms focusing on subtle oculomotor signs. Both the HINTS+ bedside-exam and the STANDING algorithm have demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy for identifying strokes than early (<24-48h after symptom-onset) MRI-DWI. Importantly, HINTS and STANDING require moderate training to allow reliable application. Thus, for physicians lacking dedicated training, other approaches are needed. Various scores that rely on vascular risk-factors, clinical symptoms and focal neurologic findings have been proposed (e.g., ABCD2-score, PCI-score, TriAGe+-score). While these scores are more readily applicable for frontline providers, they provide intermediate diagnostic accuracy at best and often lack external validation, thus are an insufficient substitute for algorithms assessing subtle oculomotor findings. Providing dedicated training in HINTS+ or STANDING techniques will be key to improve the diagnostic accuracy and to avoid unnecessary brain imaging.
A Practical Review to Support the Implementation of Smart Solutions within Neighbourhood Building Stock
Authors: Ferrari Simone , Zoghi Milad , Paganin Giancarlo , Dall'O' Giuliano
Published: June 2023

The construction industry has witnessed the increasing use of digital tools and smart solutions, particularly, in the realm of buildings energy automation within the concept of smart cities. While to truly realize the potential benefits of smart cities, a broader scope of smart initiatives is required to support the transition from smart buildings towards smart neighbourhoods, appreciated as the critical unit of urban development. To support this interplay of smart solutions between buildings and neighbourhoods, this article aims to collect and review all smart solutions presented in existing scientific articles, technical literature, and realized European projects. These solutions are classified under two main sections of buildings and neighbourhoods, which are investigated through five domains: buildings energy-related uses, renewable energy sources, water, waste, and open space management. Showcasing the quantitative outcomes demonstrates the potential benefits of implementing smart solutions from buildings to neighbourhoods. Moreover, this research concludes that the true enhancement of energy conservation goes beyond the buildings’ energy component and can be genuinely achieved by integrating intelligent elements of the neighbourhood, due to their strong interdependencies. Future research is recommended to focus on assessing the effectiveness of these solutions towards resource conservation.
Artificial Lunate Arthroplasty for Kienböck Disease With Multiple Extensor Tendon Ruptures
Authors: Hayakawa Katsuya , Suzuki Taku , Furuhata Ryogo , Kimura Hiroo , Matsumura Noboru , Iwamoto Takuji , Nakamura Masaya
Published: June 2023

Case:

A 73-year-old woman presented with wrist pain and loss of extension in the middle and ring fingers. Radiography revealed a dorsally displaced lunate fragment, resulting in a diagnosis of Kienböck disease with extensor tendon rupture. Artificial lunate replacement and tendon transfer were performed as treatment. Two years postoperatively, the pain was relieved, and the extension lag was 0°. The wrist motion and carpal height had also improved.

Conclusion:

Lunate excision, partial wrist arthrodesis, or proximal row carpectomy are known treatments for Kienböck disease with extensor tendon rupture. Lunate arthroplasty is a novel, useful treatment option for this condition.
The Nature and Emergence of the Língua Geral Amazônica according to Mufwene’s Language Ecology Model
Authors: Finbow Thomas
Published: June 2023

This paper addresses two aspects of the Língua Geral Amazônica (LGA). First, we propose that Língua Geral as a technical term in Portuguese was inspired by administrative practices in Spain’s American colonies and that, given contemporary usage, the term should be understood functionally as any Tupi-Guarani variety broadly mutually comprehensible with the colonial Old Tupi, rather than as a structurally modified variety or the speech of a particular ethnic or social group, as has been claimed. We then briefly analyse two recent hypotheses that treat the emergence of LGA as creolisation (VIEIRA; ZANOLI; MÓDOLO, 2019; NOBRE, 2019). Next, we apply key notions of the Language Ecology creolisation model (MUFWENE, 2003, 2008) to the formation of LGA and suggest a periodization.
The Effect of Pre-Endoscopy Maltodextrin Beverage on Gastric Residual Volume and Patient’s Well-being: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Zulkifli Mohd Firdaus , Has Mohd Nizam Md , Zahari Zalina , Wong Michael Pak-Kai , Aziz Syed Hassan Syed Abd , Yahya Maya Mazuwin , Zain Wan Zainira Wan , Zakaria Andee Dzulkarnaen , Ramely Rosnelifaizur , Yen Soh Jien , Othman Muhammad Faeid
Published: June 2023

Background: Prolonged fasting prior to oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGDS) could be noxious to patients well-being.
Aims:To determine the effect of maltodextrin beverage 2 hours before OGDS on gastric residual volume and patient’s well-being scores.
Methods: A single-blinded, stratified randomised controlled trial was performed, comparing control group (A, received 400 ml of plain water) and carbohydrate loading group (B, received 400 ml of Carborie®) in terms of gastric residual volume (GRV) and patient’s well-being scores (visual analogue scale (VAS)) scores for hunger, thirst, anxiety, tiredness and general discomfort).
Results: Of 80 randomised patients, 78 completed the study (38 received plain water and 40 Carborie®). The median (IQR) GRV was not significantly different between group A and B (5.0 ml (20) vs 4.0 ml (19)), p= 0.777). Both groups showed significant reduction in VAS scores in all five parameters (p≤ 0.001). There were no complications attributed to endoscopy in either group.
Conclusions: Pre-endoscopy maltodextrin beverage is as safe as clear water with improved patient’s well-being in the intervention group.