bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vartotojo valdomos internetinių paslaugų automatinės ir pusiau automatinės kompozicijos atlikimo galimybės
Authors: Dzemydienė Dalė , Miliauskas Arūnas
Published: January 2019

Šio mokslinio tyrimo tematika nagrinėja internetinių paslaugų kompozicijos atlikimo priemones ir būdus. Straipsnyje aprašomi vartotojo poreikiams pritaikytų internetinių paslaugų kompozicijos automatiniai ir pusiau automatiniai kūrimo būdai ir metodai, plačiau nagrinėjamos šių metodų galimybės ir apribojimai. Analizuojami moksliniuose straipsniuose pateikiami internetinių paslaugų kompozicijos atlikimo metodai ir išskiriami trys pagrindiniai šių paslaugų kompozicijos būdai: darbų srautų modeliais grindžiamas, paslaugų šablonais grindžiamas ir automatinis paslaugų kompozicijos metodas. Tyrimo tikslas – pateikti pasiūlymą, kuris leistų automatiniu ar pusiau automatiniu būdu kurti internetinių paslaugų kompozicijas pagal vartotojų poreikius. Pusiau automatinio internetinių paslaugų komponavimo uždavinio sprendimo būdą iliustruoja sudėtingas kelionės planavimo pavyzdys. Internetinių paslaugų kompozicijai atlikti siūloma taikyti dirbtinio intelekto planavimo metodus. Pateikiama tokio uždavinio sprendimo koncepcija, kuri grindžiama fragmentiniais kituose projektuose gautais paslaugų komponavimo rezultatais ir bando sujungti visą internetinių paslaugų kompozicijos procesą: nuo vartotojo keliamų kompozicijos reikalavimų įvedimo iki tinkamo paslaugų kompozicijos rezultatų pateikimo. Possibilities of automatic and semi-automatic end-user driven web service compositionDalė Dzemydienė, Arūnas Miliauskas 
SummaryOur research work relates to the main principles, means and current limitations of the end-user driven automatic and semi-automatic web service composition. It analyses automatic and semi-automatic composition approaches found in literature and classifi es them as workfl ow-based, template-based and automatic methods. The aim of this research is to provide a proposal how to construct semiautomatic or automatic end-user driven web service composition. An approach is illustrated by the multi-complexity of service composition in travel domain. We analyze a conceptual solution that covers the whole composition process: from an end-user submitting composition requirements until the presentation of the a composition execution results. Some methods of an artifi cial intelligence (AI) planning research fi eld were used in proposed web service composition approach.
Lyderio gyvavimo organizacijoje proceso kompleksinės analizės modelis ir sistema
Authors: Jokūbauskienė Saulė
Published: January 2019

Šio straipsnio tyrimų objektą sudaro lyderio gyvavimo organizacijoje procesas, jame dalyvaujančios ir savo tikslus norinčios įgyvendinti suinteresuotos grupės bei išorinė mikro-, mezo- ir makrolygmens aplinka kaip visuma. Siekiant atlikti šio tyrimų objekto išsamią analizę buvo adaptuoti projektų daugiakriterinės analizės metodai. Juos taikant buvo kompleksiškai įvertinti jo vadybiniai, organizaciniai, ekonominiai, socialiniai, teisiniai, emociniai, psichologiniai ir kiti aspektai. Straipsnyje pateiktas Lyderio gyvavimo organizacijoje proceso kompleksinės analizės modelis ir sistema bei šios sistemos taikymo praktinis pavyzdys.The complex analysis model and the system of a leader’s life cycle process in an organization Saulė Jokūbauskienė
SummaryThe objective of the article is a Leader‘s life cycle process in an organization and the parties involved and concerned to realize their aims, as well as outside micro-, mezzo- and macro- level environment as a whole. According to the objective of the research a proper and complex analysis has been made with a view to adapt the methods of multicriteria analysis. As a result of the above mentioned methods used the objective was evaluated according to the leader‘s abilities in managerial, organizational, economic, social, legal, emotional, psychological and other aspects. The article presents the model of the complex analysis, the system and its application in practice for the Leader‘s life cycle in an organization.
Lietuvos kolegijų interneto svetainių priimtinumo vartotojams tyrimas
Authors: Vipartienė Kristina , Valavičius Eugenijus
Published: January 2019

Kolegijos vis labiau išnaudoja interneto galimybes platinti informaciją ir teikti paslaugas. Tinkamai sukurta interneto svetainė gali padidinti kolegijos patrauklumą, sukurti papildomą vertę darbuotojams ir studentams. Straipsnyje aptariamos Lietuvos kolegijų interneto svetainių priimtinumo vartotojams problemos. Analizuojant mokslinę literatūrą bei kolegijų interneto svetainių struktūras išskirti penki svarbūs priimtinumo vartotojams veiksniai, identifikuoti kiekvieną veiksnį sudarantys elementai, sukurtas priimtinumo modelis. Modelio veiksniai ir elementai patikrinti atliekant studentų, dėstytojų, administracijos darbuotojų bei moksleivių anketinį tyrimą. Pateikiama šių respondentų grupių vertinimų analizė, išvados.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: interneto svetainių priimtinumas, kolegijų interneto svetainės, svetainių vartotojų nuomonės tyrimas.Survey of user-friendliness of websites of Lithuanian colleges Kristina Vipartienė, Eugenijus Valavičius 
SummaryLithuanian colleges increase the usage of websites for information dissemination and online services. A properly created website can increase the attractiveness of a college and to create an additional value for teachers, administrative workers, and students. This article evaluates the problems of user-friendliness of the websites of Lithuanian colleges. Analysis of scientific literature and of the structure of existing websites enabled to separate five important factors of the acceptability of websites, to identify the elements of each factor, to create a user-friendliness model. Factors and elements of this model were evaluated using a survey of students, teachers, administrative workers of colleges and graduates of secondary schools. A discussion of the results of the survey and conclusions are presented.
e-Guardian testavimo sistemos ypatumai ir testų rezultatų analizė
Authors: Danielienė Renata
Published: January 2019

Pastaruoju metu kompiuteriai ir įvairūs mobilieji įrenginiai yra naudojami namuose, darbe, mokykloje ir pan. Dauguma gyventojų turi prieigą prie interneto, ieško informacijos, ją skelbia, bendrina, siunčiasi įvairius failus ir naudojasi kitomis e-paslaugomis. Tačiau internetu naudojasi ne tik geranoriškai nusiteikę žmonės, e. erdvėje slypi ir įvairių pavojų – internetiniai nusikaltimai, apgavystės, virusai ir pan. Apie interneto pranašumus ir trūkumus privalo žinoti kiekvienas kompiuterio vartotojas nepriklausomai nuo amžiaus. Tam tikslui buvo sukurta e. saugumo programa e-Guardian. Straipsnyje aprašomos dvi e-Guardian versijos, skirtos tėvams ir mokytojams. Taip pat pateikiamas e-Guardian testų konstravimo būdas, naudojamas automatizuotoje testavimo sistemoje. Straipsnyje pateikiami e-Guardian v.2 žvalgomojo testavimo, atlikto Lietuvoje ir Latvijoje, rezultatai. Aprašomi testavimo sistemos projektavimo etapai, ypatumai ir pateikiamos e-Guardian testo tobulinimo rekomendacijos.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: e. saugumas, kompiuterinis testavimas, testavimo sistema, e-Guardian.Features of e-Guardian testing system and analysis of test results Renata Danielienė 
SummaryThe advantages of the Internet are well known as well as the importance of Internet usage for communication (email, instant messages), for exchange of shared information in the Intranet, on clouds. Social networks are used for communication and advertisement. Many people share their personal information on the Internet with a good intention. But people, and especially teachers, must know when use of the Internet is an advantage and when it becomes dangerous. For this purpose, two e-safety programmes were created and approved by ECDL Foundation for IT professionals and teachers.In this paper, there are presented the method of e-Guardian test construction and the features of the e-Guardian testing system, pilot testing results are analyzed, the design of testing the system and recommendations for improving the e-Guardian test are described.1pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">
Informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų įtaka darbuotojų technostresui: situacijos Lietuvoje charakteristika
Authors: Raišienė Agota Giedrė Giedrė , Jonušauskas Steponas
Published: January 2019

Šiuolaikinių organizacijų darbuotojų elgseną ir savijautą stipriai veikia kasdienio gyvenimo tempas, užduočių atlikimo galimybių pokyčiai dėl spartaus informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų (IKT) tobulėjimo ir t. t. Užsienio tyrėjai nustatė, kad tai kelia darbuotojams stresą ir neigiamai veikia jų darbingumą. Taip pat pabrėžiama, kad intensyvus IKT naudojimas jau pats savaime yra technostreso šaltinis. Straipsnyje analizuojama IKT įtaka Lietuvos darbuotojų patiriamam technostresui. Autorių atlikto empirinio tyrimo rezultatai atskleidžia, kad Lietuvos organizacijų darbuotojai dirba didelės technostreso rizikos sąlygomis, kurias formuoja objektyvūs globalios aplinkos pokyčiai, vadovų požiūris į IKT galimybes gerinant darbuotojų veiklos efektyvumą ir pačių darbuotojų elgesys.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: technostresas, informacinės ir komunikacinės technologijos (IKT), darbuotojų darbingumas, organizacijų valdymasInfluence of information and communication technologies on employee technostress: situation in Lithuanian organizations  Agota Giedrė Raišienė, Steponas Jonušauskas
SummaryIn most modern organizations, employees’ behavior and wellbeing are heavily influenced by the fast pace of everyday life, changes in assignment accomplishment possibilities due to the rapid development of informational communication technologies (ICT), etc. Foreign researchers have revealed that these factors increase the stress of employees and have a negative influence on their efficiency. Also, an intensive use of informational communication technologies is a source of techno-stress itself. The article analyzes the influence of ICT on a technostress caused in the context of Lithuanian organizations. The results of the research show that employees are working in high technostress conditions formed by objective changes in the global environment, leaders’ attitude to ICT possibilities of increasing employees’ work efficiency, and by the behaviour of employees themselves.
Kokybės auditas: koncepcija ir metodologijos tobulinimas
Authors: Pečiulytė Indrė , Ruževičius Juozas
Published: January 2019

Audito metodologija plačiai nagrinėjama tiek užsienio, tiek Lietuvos autorių mokslinėje literatūroje, tačiau išsamių studijų, kuriose būtų sistemingai analizuojamos visos šiuo metu naudojamos audito rūšys, nėra daug. Kokybės audito metodologija taip pat nėra iki galo išnagrinėta ir aiškiai susisteminta. Nagrinėjant audito koncepcijas sunku vienareikšmiškai nustatyti, kuriam audito tipui – veiklos ar valdymo – yra priskiriamas kokybės auditas. Atlikta mokslinės literatūros analizė atskleidė, kad visoje audito sistemoje kokybės auditą galima identifikuoti kaip veiklos audito sudedamąją dalį. Kokybės auditas yra svarbus visoje audito sistemoje, nes jis yra dalis vertinimo proceso, kuriuo auditoriai atskleidžia tobulintinas organizacijos veiklos kokybės sritis. Straipsnyje, remiantis teorinės literatūros sistemine analize ir kokybės auditorių bei ekspertų anketinės apklausos rezultatais, suformuotas audito sistemos pagal funkcinį požymį modelis, identifikuoti kokybės audito atlikimo būdų pranašumai ir trūkumai, pateiktos kokybės audito metodologijos tobulinimo rekomendacijos.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: kokybės auditas, audito procesas, audito sistema, audito metodologija, tobulinimas, modelis, apklausa.

Quality audit: concept and methodology improvementIndrė Pečiulytė, Juozas Ruževičius

SummaryThe methodology of audit is extensively researched by both foreign and Lithuanian authors, but there isn’t a complete theory of audit, in which all the currently existing types of audit are mentioned. This is due to the fact that the quality audit methodology is not fully explored and clearly systematized. When analyzing audit concepts, it is a challenge to determine which type of audit – performance or management – is attributable to the quality audit. The theoretical analysis has shown that in the audit system the quality audit can be assigned as part of the performance audit. Quality audit is important throughout the audit system as it is part of the evaluation process, which helps auditors to reveal areas for improvement within their organizations. According to the theoretical literature systematic analysis and the quality auditors’ questionnaire survey results, in this study the audit system model by the functional character has been formed, the advantages and disadvantages of quality audit techniques have been identified, and recommendations for the quality audit methodology improvement are presented.Keywords: quality audit, auditing process, audit system, audit methodology, improvement, survey, model.
Inovacijų vystymo prioritetai Ukrainos įmonėse
Authors: Miroshnychenko Olga
Published: January 2019

Straipsnyje pateikiama kategorijos „inovacija“ traktuotė ir apibūdinami inovacijų tipai. Inovacijos yra esminis veiksnys, lemiantis nacionalinės ekonomikos konkurencingumą, šiuolaikinių įmonių konkurencinį pranašumą. Straipsnis apima Ukrainos įmonių inovacinio potencialo tyrimo rezultatus, inovatyvios veiklos Ukrainoje rodiklius ir jų lyginamąją analizę su Europos Sąjungos šalimis; aptariama inovatyvių įmonių dalis, inovatyvių įmonių santykis pagal inovacijų tipus, inovacinės veiklos išlaidų struktūra. Pateikiamas Ukrainos reitingas pagal globalaus konkurencingumo indekso ir inovacijų indekso dedamąsias. Aptariami esminiai Ukrainos įmonių inovacijų vystymo aspektai.

Priorities for innovation development of Ukrainian enterprisesOlga Miroshnychenko

SummaryThe definitions of the category “innovation” and types of innovation are being considered in the article. Innovations are crucial for the competiveness of a national economy. Today, they are the main competitive advantage of modern enterprises. A research of the innovation potential of Ukrainian enterprises has been done. The paper includes indicators of innovation activity in Ukraine and their comparison with those of the EU member states: proportion of innovative enterprises, share of enterprises with adopted innovations by the type of innovation, expenditures on research and development. The international position of Ukraine by elements of the Global Competitiveness Index, the sub-index of innovation and its elements has been considered. The paper answers the question of the key aspects of innovation development of Ukrainian enterprises.Key words: innovations, innovation activity, innovation potential, enterprise, Ukraine
Informacinės technologijos: prekybos tendencijos
Authors: Burinskienė Aurelija
Published: January 2019

Informacinių technologijų taikymo sąlygomis verslo subjektams atsiveria iš esmės naujos galimybės. Šios technologijos sudaro palankesnes sąlygas plėtoti veiklą tarptautinėse rinkose, diegti naujus verslo modelius, didinti verslo perspektyvas. Šiuolaikinės globalizacijos sąlygomis informacinės technologijos tapo esminiu raidos ir plėtros veiksniu tiek įmonių veikloje, tiek apskritai prekyboje. Ši tematika nuolat gvildenama mokslinėse publikacijose. Tačiau atlikta žinomų pasaulio leidyklų mokslinės literatūros analizė parodė, kad stokojama mokslinių apibendrinimų, skirtų informacinių technologijų prekybos tematikai. Kaip rodo empiriniai tyrimai, ši tematika turi būti nagrinėjama per informacinių technologijų kūrimo ir tobulinimo prizmę. Straipsnyje pateikiama praktinė prekybos sąsajumo su informacinių technologijų kūrimu ir tobulinimu analizė, nagrinėjami pokyčiai, siejami su investicijomis į informacines technologijas.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: informacinės technologijos, informacinių technologijų kūrimas ir tobulinimas, prekybaInformation technologies: trade tendenciesAurelija Burinskienė

SummaryDuring empirical research, the author identified that the money spent for the development of information technologies highly affect the foreign expansion of trade in United Kingdom and Germany.It is also noted that investments in information technologies result gradually blurring the boundaries between trading and manufacturing businesses and other changes. Both production and trading enterprises, in addition to their main business, are engaged in selling or producing activities. Such leads to the new forms of business practices.Investments in information technology also affect changes in the distribution channel. Under the conditions of technology usage, the flows of information, products, and money becoming more frequent between distribution channel partners.The article discloses theoretical and practical aspects of trade in information technologies. In the paper attention is given to export of IT services and licenses; also to investments into IT development and research activity; as well as the effect of these investments to the development of foreign trade.The research is splitted into two parts. The results of the study, which was dedicated to export and import ratio study, showed that the export of IT licence is higher than import in EU, US, and Japan.The second part of the study was given to the dependence between research and development activity and the development of international trade analysis. Results showed that the investments into information technologies, research and experimental work positively affect the exporting ability of enterprises.
Inovacijų strategijos organizacijose: tipai ir raiška
Authors: Stankevičė Inga
Published: January 2019

Straipsnio tikslas – remiantis įmonių inovacijų strategijų tipų analize nustatyti, kurios inovacijų strategijos yra labiausiai būdingos pereinamosios ekonomikos šalims. Empiriniam tyrimui atlikti remtasi 2008 metų Visuomenės inovacijų tyrimo (angl. Community Innovation Survey)1 mikrolygmens duomenimis. Duomenys apima beveik 128 tūkst. organizacijų inovacines veiklas (pvz., MTEP, įrengimų įsigijimas, žinių įsigijimas, personalo mokymai), inovacijų tipus (pvz., produkto, proceso, organizacijos, marketingo), inovacijų tikslus (pvz., pagerinti tarpusavio komunikaciją, užimti naują rinką, padidinti gamybinį pajėgumą, padidinti lankstumą, greičiau atsakyti į klientų poreikius), inovacijų pobūdį (pvz., inovacijos, plėtotos įmonėje bendradarbiaujant ar imituojant; produktas naujas rinkai ar įmonei). Analizuota 60 inovacinę veiklą apibūdinančių kintamųjų, taip pat tyrime naudotas organizacijų veiklos sektorius nusakantis kintamasis bei įmonių konkurencingumo rodikliai. Nustatyti šeši inovacijų strategijų tipai, jų raiškos šešiolikoje Europos valstybių, strategijų sektoriniai reprezentatyvumai ir sąryšiai su įmonių konkurencingumu. Galiausiai pagrįsta, kokios inovacijų strategijos ir kodėl yra labiausiai būdingos pereinamosios ekonomikos šalims.Reikšminiai žodžiai: inovacijų strategija, įmonės konkurencingumas, pereinamoji ekonomika, ūkio sektorius.Organization-level innovation strategies: types and extentInga Stankevičė

SummaryThe paper is aimed at the identification of innovation strategies that are most typical of transition economies. For the investigation of innovation strategies, Community Innovation Survey (CIS) 2008 microdata from 16 European countries, collected by Eurostat, were used. The data include innovation activities (e. g. R&D, acquisition of machinery equipment or external knowledge, training, etc.), types of innovations (e.g. product, process, organisational, marketing, etc.), objectives of innovating (e. g. to improve communication and information sharing, to increase production capacity or flexibility, to enter new markets, etc.), innovation complexion (e. g. developed by the enterprise or enterprise group or developed other enterprises and/or institutions; product new-to market or new-to firm, etc.). The analysis includes 60 such vari­ables; in addition, the variable that describes the sectoral embeddedness was used, and two firm competitiveness indicators were also employed. Six innovation strategies were identified, as well as their extents in 16 European countries, their sec­toral coverage and their linkages with firm com­petitiveness. Ultimately, it is substantiated which innovation strategies and why are most typical of transition economies.Keywords: innovation strategy, firm competi­tiveness, transition economy, industrial sector.
Informacija internete apie Lietuvos aukštųjų mokyklų studijų programas, teikiamas studijuoti naudojant informacijos ir ryšių technologijas
Authors: Stonkienė Marija
Published: January 2019

This article presents the research on the information in the internet about the study programmes that are provided in Lithuanian higher education institutions via information and communication technologies. This research presents an analysis of e-learning opportunities in 2014 that are available in the Open Information Consultation and Orientation (AIKOS) system, the Lithuanian Higher Education Association Admission (LAMA BPO) websites, and the websites of higher education institutions that have e-learning offerings.The conducted research drew attention to the inadequate, unsystematic and incompatible provision of information on e-learning programmes that are available in higher education institutions on the nation-wide level. Higher education institution website analysis has revealed different levels of access to information to prospective students (from the complete lack of information to particularly detailed information). The results of the research have also shown the nation-wide need of solutions on distance education methods that implement information and communication technologies.
Pedagogų organizacinio įsipareigojimo, pasitenkinimo darbu ir įsitraukimo į darbą sąsajos
Authors: Diskienė Danuta , Tamoševičienė Katažyna
Published: January 2019

The importance of analysing organizational commitment is related to the managers’ need to know what kind of phenomena related to organizational commitment they should primarily pay attention to. Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job involvement are the three related phenomena which are important for satisfacting both the individual and organizational needs. This paper presents a theoretical model of relationship between organizational commitment and its dimensions (affective, normative, and continuous), job satisfaction, and job involvement which was structured on the base of different reasearch findings. Survey among schoolteachers was accomplished with reference to the presented model. Theresults of the study highlighted the existing relationship among organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job involvement.
Rusijos užsienio politikos informacijos ir saugumo komponentai
Authors: Zaitseva Mariia
Published: January 2019

The aim of the paper is to examine the Russian Federation’s doctrines in the sphere of information security. Such analysis allowed to lay down the information and security strategy of the state in the international arena and to study the specifics of the Russian model of information security. It was also determined that in order to counteract information threats, the Russian political administration continues an active development of cooperation with such actors as SCO and BRICS which de jure keep the neutral position concerning the Russian–Ukrainian relations, but de facto continue to expand economic cooperation with the RF. In the article, reviewed are the instruments of Russia’s modern information and propaganda operations, which were used in Chechnya and Georgia, and the specifics of propaganda operations against Ukraine are analysed.
Žinių vadybos ir inovacijų kūrimo sąsajos
Authors: Janiūnienė Erika
Published: January 2019

Ingrida Girnienė. Žinių vadybos veiksniai, skatinantys inovacijų kūrimą. Socialiniai mokslai, Komunikacija ir informacija. Daktaro disertacija. Vilnius, 2014.
GAYA HIDUP REMAJA DI KOTA MANADO: SUATU KAJIAN FENOMENOLOGIS
Authors: Umbase Ruth S.
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis gaya hidup remaja dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Metode Kualitatif jenis fenomenologis. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada tahun 2014 pada remaja di Kota Manado. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan  remaja di Kota Manado memiliki gaya hidup modern dengan lima kategori yaitu gaya hidup remaja modern yang mencakup (1) modern dan religius; (2) modern agak religius cenderung sekuler; (3) modern - sekuler dan hedonis; (4) modern - sangat sekuler dan hedonis; (5) modern – sangat sekuler dan hedonis-anarkhis; Gaya hidup tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor determinan baik internal maupun eksternal. Faktor internal mencakup tingkat kematangan usia, fisik dan psikis serta tingkat kecerdasan intelektual, emosional dan spiritual; sedangkan eksternal mencakup pola pengasuhan orang tua/keluarga, lingkungan, pola pergaulan, pola adopsi nilai budaya popular (popular culture), kondisi sosial ekonomi, media sosial/media massa, sekularisme dan sistem pendidikan formal. Oleh sebab itu disarankan kepada semua pihak yang bertanggungjawab untuk menangani masalah-masalah remaja agar segera melakukan tindakan-tindakan preventif dan kuratif sehingga dapat mencegah dan mengeliminir gaya hidup yang menjurus pada pola perilaku menyimpang dan dapat merugikan banyak pihak.
DILEMA PEMBANGUNAN BERWAWASAN GENDER: ANTARA PEMBERDAYAAN DAN EKSPLOITASI PEREMPUAN
Authors: Tamami Munafaroh
Published: January 2019

Kemiskinan dan perempuan merupakan dua isu penting yang tidak dapat dipisahkan satu sama lain. Hal ini dikarenakan perempuan merupakan kelompok yang paling rentan mengalami kekerasan dan penindasan akibat kemiskinan. Dalam rangka peningkatan ekonomi perempuan, pemerintah mencanangkan program PEP (Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Perempuan) yang diinstruksikan berdasarkan Inpres Nomor 9 Tahun 2000 tentang Pengarusutamaan Gender dalam Pembangunan Nasional. Pembangunan yang dimaksudkan di sini adalah pembangunan ekonomi yang berwawasan gender. Namun fakta di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan ekonomi yang berwawasan gender tersebut tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya, salah satu penyebabnya adalah adanya bias gender dalam pandangan masyarakat terutama terkait dengan arti gender itu sendiri. Sehingga hal ini melahirkan pembidangan tugas-tugas berdasarkan jenis kelamin, yang kemudian membuat perempuan memiliki beban ganda (double burden). Beban ganda yang dipikul dan ditanggung perempuan ini kemudian membuat perempuan menjadi korban dari eksploitasi ekonomi. Perempuan-perempuan yang sebenarnya sudah diekspolitasi, terkadang justru tidak menyadari bahwa sebenarnya mereka telah dieksploitasi, hal ini dikarenakan bentuk-bentuk dari eksploitasi itu sendiri sudah dibentuk sedemikian rupa oleh para kaum pemodal sehingga tidak tampak sebagai eksploitasi terhadap perempuan. Pemberian beban ganda maupun eksploitasi ekonomi tersebut jelas bertentangan dengan apa yang telah diatur dalam hukum Islam maupun hukum positif. Karena dalam dua instrumen hukum tersebut, eksploitasi ekonomi terhadap perempuan tidak dapat dibenarkan.
“SEKOLAH RAMAH ANAK” BERBASIS PERDA: STUDI PADA PERATURAN WALIKOTA JAMBI NOMOR 189 TAHUN 2010 TENTANG KAWASAN TANPA ASAP ROKOK (KTAR)
Authors: Armansyah Yudi
Published: January 2019

Sekolah dalam fungsi yang sebenarnya, selain sebagai tempat proses belajar mengajar juga merupakan wahana bagi anak-anak untuk melakukan aktualisasi dan sosialisasi diri. Dalam kegiatan sosial tersebut, anak-anak pastinya sering menggunakan fasilitas sekolah, seperti ruang kelas, taman bermain dan halaman sekolah. Namun, sering didapati para peserta didik tersebut belum memperoleh tempat bermain yang sehat dan bersih akibat pencemaran udara di lingkungan sekolahnya. Hal tersebut diakibatkan masih ditemukan para wali murid, penjaga sekolah, bahkan ironisnya, guru yang merokok di lingkungan sekolah. Hal ini tentu saja, tidak sesuai dengan peraturan yang telah ditetapkan. Nyatanya sekolah masuk ke dalam tujuh kawasan yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah sebagai wilayah bebas asap rokok. Bahkan, untuk kota Jambi sendiri, sejak tahun 2010 telah mengeluarkan peraturan daerah yang tertuang dalam Surat Keputusan Walikota Jambi Nomor 189 Tahun 2010 tentang Kawasan Tanpa Asap Rokok (KTAR). Kajian ini berupaya menggali sejauhmana, efektifitas dari peraturan peraturan tersebut. Utamanya di lingkungan Sekolah Dasar (SD) sebagai locus utama kajian. Apakah sekolah telah menjadi tempat yang nyaman dan bersih bagi anak-anak ketika bersosialisasi dengan sesamanya, atau sebaliknya sekolah masih mengabaikan kesehatan peserta didiknya.
IMPLEMENTASI BUDAYA KERJA BERORIENTASI KEBUTUHAN ANAK UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK USIA 0-6 TAHUN
Authors: Syamsiyah Nur
Published: January 2019

Masyarakat Indonesia sebagian besar beranggapan bahwa bekerja menjadi sebuah kebutuhan dalam hidupnya. Bekerja pada dasarnya adalah suatu proses pencarian nafkah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup keluarga. Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh para pekerja adalah beratnya beban pekerjaan yang diberikan instansi, sehingga hampir semua waktu tersita untuk bekerja. Di Indonesia banyak terdapat kasus yang menimpa anak seperti kasus penelantaran, kekerasan, dan kasus perdagangan manusia. Hal ini salah satunya dipicu oleh kesibukan orang tua. Tumbuh kembang anak yang distimulasi oleh orang tua merupakan bagian dari usaha untuk menyiapkan generasi emas di masa mendatang. Hal ini disebabkan karena orang tua terutama ibu adalah madrasah pertama bagi anak. Menyiapkan generasi emas dapat dilakukan dengan cara memberikan stimulasi perkembangan pada 1000 hari pertama setelah anak dilahirkan hingga anak berusia 6 tahun. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk mensinergikan pekerjaan orang tua dengan proses tumbuh kembang anak dengan mengubah konsep budaya kerja berorientasi kebutuhan anak usia 0-6 tahun. Terciptanya budaya kerja ramah anak akan meningkatkan etos kerja dan produktivitas pegawai terutama kaum ibu.  Hal ini disebabkan karena kaum ibu meskipun tengah mengaktualisasikan dirinya di ruang publik namun  dapat tetap  mengontrol dan  berperan aktif untuk menstimulasi tumbuh kembang buah hatinya demi menyiapkan generasi emas di masa mendatang.
SEKOLAH ALAM: ALTERNATIF PENDIDIKAN RAMAH ANAK
Authors: Hamadani Ahmad
Published: January 2019

Sekolah sudah sejak lama dipercaya oleh banyak kalangan sebagai tempat untuk memperoleh pendidikan. Kepercayaan ini disertai pemberian tanggung jawab kepada sekolah untuk menghadirkan lingkungan yang aman dan nyaman bagi peserta didik. Namun, data dari riset yang dilakukan LSM Plan International dan International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) yang dirilis awal Maret 2015 menunjukan, 84% anak di Indonesia mengalami kekerasan di sekolah. Hal ini merupakan paradoks ditengah lahirnya UU Nomor 35 tahun 2014. Padahal anak adalah tunas bangsa, aset berharga yang merupakan bagian dari suatu negara. Banyaknya kasus kekerasan pada anak yang terjadi di sekolah secara langsung telah mencoreng citra pendidikan yang selama ini dipercaya oleh banyak kalangan sebagai tempat dimana proses humanisasi berlangsung. Minimnya sekolah yang hadir dengan membawa konsep lingkungan ramah anak menjadi salah satu penyebabnya. Oleh karena itu, Indonesia perlu memiliki sekolah tidak hanya dengan konsep pendidikan unggul, namun juga dapat menghadirkan lingkungan ramah anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif interpretatif, yang dilakukan di Sekolah Alam Bintaro Kota Tangerang Selatan. Data primer diambil dari observasi dan wawancara sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari studi kepustakaan. Analisis teks yang digunakan adalah bersifat kualitatif, yaitu merupakan proses penyederhanaan data kedalam bentuk yang mudah dipahami.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kehadiran Sekolah Alam di Bintaro Kota Tangerang Selatan membawa angin segar ditengah maraknya kasus kekerasan yang terjadi di sekolah. Sekolah Alam Bintaro Kota Tangerang telah menunjukan bagaimana sistem sekolah yang dibentuk secara apik mampu menghadirkan alternatif lingkungan pendidikan yang layak bagi anak.
Kesalehan dan Politik: Islam Indonesia
Authors: Azra Azyumardi
Published: January 2019

Thomas B. Pepinsky, R. William Liddle, and Saiful Mujani. 2018. Piety and Public Opinion: Understanding Indonesian Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Saiful Mujani, R. William Liddl, and Kuskridho Ambardi. 2018. Voting Behavior in Indonesia since Democratization: Critical Democrats. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

This article aims to review two books written by four foremost scholars in the field of political science. In the context of understanding Islam and the culture of democracy, these two books can answer questions that are often discussed, that is the relationship between religious piety and political behavior in Indonesia. Quantitatively, 99.7% of total Muslims in Indonesia state that religion is an important element in their lives. However, in terms of political preferences, this fact does not have implications for the votes obtained by Islamic-based political parties, especially in the post-Soeharto elections. They, instead of carrying out their own candidates, tend to be supporters in the presidential election and local leaders elections. To figure out this puzzle, these books are very pivotal works to understand the relationship between Islamic piety and politics. Both of these books show that there has been an increase in the level of piety of the Indonesian Muslims in the past two or three decades. However, creating piety does not affect their political behavior - specifically their voting behavior in elections.
Life of Muslims in Germany, and Its Contextualisation to Indonesian Islam
Authors: Saputra Rangga Eka
Published: January 2019

A PPIM’s junior researcher together with 13 young Indonesian Muslim intellectuals participated in Life of Muslims in Germany Program organized by Goethe Institut during 8-21 July 2018. This event explored Muslim everyday life in Germany through academic and cultural discussions in universities, research and cultural centres, and state officials. Therefore, this document is his insight to describe Muslim life in Germany and its contextualisation for Indonesian Muslim based on experiences in this program. This document article depicts two main issues which are happening in Germany: Muslim integration after the wave of refugees as a result of bloodiest conflict in Middle East and German government’s policy in religious pluralism issues.

This program had been initiated in order to bridge cultural understanding for Indonesia, as the most populous Muslim country in the world, toward Muslim life in Germany. Indonesia has been considered as a strategic country which stands for disseminating moderate Islam. In addition, Dr. Heinrich Blomeke, Goethe-Institut, Institute and Regional Director Southeast Asia/Australia/New Zealand, said “the participants will engage in academic discussions and visit Muslim cultural organisation to obtain an insight about Muslim everyday life in German secular state. This program gives an opportunity for them and some Germany’s institutions to share their ideas regarding the experiences of Muslim life in Germany and Indonesia”.
Boron-zinc interaction in the absorption of micronutrients by cotton
Authors: Araújo Érica De Oliveira , Dos Santos Elcio Ferreira , Camacho Marcos Antonio
Published: January 2019

B-Zn interaction modifies the nutritional dynamics of copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in cotton. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of B and Zn concentrations on the absorption of Cu, Fe and Mn in cotton plants grown in a nutrient solution. A completely randomized experimental design with three replicates was performed, in a 4×5 factorial scheme, corresponding to four concentrations of B (0, 20, 40 and 80 μM L-1) and five concentrations of Zn (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 μM L-1). At 115 days after emergence, the plants were collected, divided into roots, shoots and fruits, and chemically analyzed. The results allowed to conclude that the Cu content and total Cu in the fruit, total Cu in the roots, Cu efficiency, Fe content in the roots, Fe absorption efficiency, Mn content in the fruit, and Mn absorption efficiency of cotton are influenced by the concentrations of B in the solution. The interaction between B and Zn affected the total Fe in the roots, Fe content and total Fe content in the fruit, Fe transport efficiency, total Mn in the shoots and Mn transport efficiency. In addition, Zn acts differently according to the supply of B and vice versa.
Screening of Colombian soybean genotypes for Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation conferring tolerance to Glyphosate
Authors: Rojas Adriana , Lopez-Pazos Silvio , Chaparro-Giraldo Alejandro
Published: January 2019

Soybean is a very important crop worldwide due to its multiple uses as raw material for industry and to its high nutritional value. Colombia consumes a large amount of imported soybean because domestic production does not supply demand. There are soybean varieties adapted to the environmental conditions in the Colombian territory, but none of them have been enhanced by genetic engineering to confer competitive advantages compared to imported product. In this research, the Colombian soybean varieties SK7, p29 and Soyica p34 ability to be genetically transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains AGL0 and EHA105 using a Glyphosate tolerance cassette was tested. It was found that SK7 variety presented a better regeneration performance from the cotyledonary node, and also had the highest transformation frequency with AGL0 strain. The p29 variety was also transformed, but a lower efficiency was registered. It was not possible to transform Soyica p34 variety under the established parameters. This research is an advance towards the construction of a platform to enhance the generic transgenic crops in Colombia.
How to improve smallholder market access: Evaluation of Mercados Campesinos in Colombia
Authors: Romagnoli Federica , Molina Juan , Parrado Álvaro
Published: January 2019

This paper presents an analysis of the results obtained in the project called “Mercados Campesinos” carried out in the central region of Colombia between 2004 and 2015. This analysis was performed to evaluate the impacts of this short food value chain experience and its influence on economic, social and political dimensions of smallholders’ market access.The analysis included two complementary research methods: quantitative and qualitative approaches. These methods were stated to identify the benefits accrued to participants usingthree different methodologies: i) t-test analysis; ii) an impact evaluation known as difference-in-difference and iii) multilevel regressions. On the other hand, qualitative analysis was based on semi-structured interviews and informal dialogues to investigate the perceptions of a selected group of beneficiaries regarding how project goals have been achieved. The results showed that one of the most influential elements in smallholders’market access has been the role of peasant organizations, associations and local farmer committees. These administrative structures greatly affected the economic efficiency, political participation and, to a lesser extent, commercial improvements. Project outcomes have been extremely influenced by participants’ expectations of improvements in wellbeing, life quality, production rates, and income. The project was not able to reach a good level of financial sustainability; however, it provided peasants with well-designed tools to self-coordinate their actions. Proof of that is that farmers started to organize themselves autonomously to exert pressure at municipal and local levels.
Post-harvest quality of pineapple guava [Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret] fruits produced in two locations at different altitudes in Cundinamarca, Colombia
Authors: Parra-Coronado Alfonso , Fischer Gerhard , Camacho-Tamayo Jesús
Published: January 2019

The quality of pineapple guava fruits during post-harvest storage depends directly on their quality at harvest and is influenced by climatic conditions during growth. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of climatic conditions on certain parameters of fruit quality during post-harvest storage. Twenty trees were tagged in two locations within the department of Cundinamarca (Colombia), recording the climatic conditions during fruit growth until harvest. The fruits were differentiated by place of origin and stored at 18 ± 1ºC (76 ± 5% relative humidity, RH) for 11 d or 5 ± 1ºC (87 ± 5% RH) for 31 d, evaluating several quality attributes every two d. The places of origin were San Francisco de Sales (1,800 m a.s.l., 20.6oC, 63-97% RH, with an average annual precipitation of 1,493 mm) and Tenjo (2,580 m a.s.l., 12.5oC, 74-86% RH, with an average annual precipitation of 765 mm). The results indicated that the fruits stored at the highest temperature were sweeter and had reduced weight and firmness, lower acidity, and faster postharvest senescence (lower post-harvest durability). The postharvestN fruit characteristics were determined by considering the fruit quality during growth and the influence of climatic conditions during cultivation in each location. At the higher altitudes, the total soluble solid content in the fruits was higher and firmness decreased, and the total titratable acidity and weight loss were lower. For fruit color, significant differences were not observed that would demonstrate the effect of climatic conditions during the post-harvest period.
Optimization of fermentation process conditions for chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) fruit using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Vegas Carlos , Zavaleta Amparo Irisi , Zarzoso Braulio
Published: January 2019

The consumption of chili pepper fruits (CPF) is widespread throughout the world. However, countries without tropical climates can only consume few CPF varieties. The lactic fermentation (LF) of CPF is a good alternative for their preservation and consumption in those regions where they are not cultivated. The main objective of this research was to optimize the fermentation process conditions for a CPF variety (Capsicum frutescens) modifying the Sodium Chloride (NaCl) and glucose concentrations to increase the acidification rate. The Response Surface Methodology was used applying a Central Composite Design to integrate a desirability approach. The growth of the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation process was also evaluated. The addition of NaCl and glucose significantly affected the acidification rate for LF of CPF. The optimum fermentation parameters determined to maximize the acidification rate were 6.25% NaCl and 1.77% glucose concentrations with an acidification rate of 0.113% acidity/day. However, this value was slightly lower than predicted. Lactic acid bacteria and yeasts were the main microorganisms throughout the fermentations.
Efecto de diferentes fuentes de nitrógeno sobre el crecimiento vegetativo de agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz)
Authors: González Laura Katalina , Rugeles Laura Natalia , Magnitskiy Stanislav
Published: January 2019

El agraz Vaccinium meridionale Swartz es un arbusto silvestre pequeno, que crece en Colombia en zonas de subparamo, con un alto potencial para posicionarse en el mercado internacional, gracias a su alto contenido de antioxidantes en los frutos. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la fertilizacion con diferentes fuentes de nitrogeno sobre el crecimiento de plantas de agraz en etapa vegetativa, con cuatro tratamientos: testigo sin aplicacion del N, 50% NH4+-50%NO3-, 100% NO3- y 100% NH4+. Se utilizo la dosis de 70 mg L-1 del N en los tratamientos con la aplicacion del nitrogeno. Las plantasM fertilizadas con fuentes amoniacales tuvieron el mejor crecimiento, siendo el tratamiento de 100% NH4+ el que obtuvo el mayor numero de brotes (22), mayor numero de hojas (254) por planta y mayores pesos secos de los organos a los 148 dias despues de la siembra de estacas enraizadas, seguido del tratamiento con 50%NH4 +-50%NO3-. Los tratamientos con 0% N y 100% NO3- tuvieron una mayor sintesis de antocianinas y una menor cantidad de clorofilas en hojas con respecto a las plantas fertilizadas con fuentes de NH4+. Las plantas fertilizadas con 0% N y 100% NO3- presentaron un crecimiento menor que aquellas fertilizadas con 50% NH4+-50%NO3- y 100%NH4+. Este estudio permite afirmar que el agraz requiere planes de fertilización con fuentes amoniacales.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Parra Quijano Mauricio
Published: January 2019

The Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia is pleased to present the first issue of Volume 36, 2018 of the Agronomia Colombiana journal. This issue is composed of 10 articles on various aspects of agricultural and food research, conducted particularly in the neotropics. The areas covered in this issue are: plant Breeding, Genetic Resources and Molecular Biology (with the highest number of papers), Crop protection, Soils, Fertilization and Water Management, physiology and postharvest Technology, Economics and Rural Development, and Food Science and Technology.
An extension of Mobius--Lie geometry with conformal ensembles of cycles and its implementation in a GiNaC library
Authors: Kisil Vladimir
Published: January 2019

We propose to consider ensembles of cycles (quadrics), which are interconnected through conformal-invariant geometric relations (e.g. ``to be orthogonal'', ``to be tangent'', etc.), as new objects in an extended M\"obius--Lie geometry. It was recently demonstrated in several related papers, that such ensembles of cycles naturally parameterize many other conformally-invariant families of objects, e.g. loxodromes or continued fractions. The paper describes a method, which reduces a collection of conformally in\-vari\-ant geometric relations to a system of linear equations, which may be accompanied by one fixed quadratic relation. To show its usefulness, the method is implemented as a {\CPP} library. It operates with numeric and symbolic data of cycles in spaces of arbitrary dimensionality and metrics with any signatures. Numeric calculations can be done in exact or approximate arithmetic. In the two- and three-dimensional cases illustrations and animations can be produced. An interactive {\Python} wrapper of the library is provided as well.
Brief intervention for obesity in primary care: how does student learning translate to the clinical context?
Authors: Leedham-Green Kathleen , Wylie Ann , Ageridou Aikaterini , Knight Alec , Smyrnakis Emmanouil
Published: January 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. There is an international call for more sustainable approaches to healthcare and for graduating doctors to develop the competencies to address the behavioural, psychological and social determinants of health. Obesity is a global challenge, and the case for preventative health is evident. There is growing evidence to support brief interventions for obesity in primary care. The feasibility and acceptability of teaching within classroom contexts have been demonstrated, however there are known barriers to adopting these approaches with patients. It is unclear how well classroom learning translates to the clinical context.329 final year medical students from Aristotle University of Thessaloniki attended training that had been developed through action research processes at King's College London and adapted to the local context. Students conducted brief interventions with 3,177 overweight or obese patients across 136 primary healthcare facilities over three rotations. Their reflective learning essays were coded for content and thematically analysed to illuminate their experiences.Emergent themes include students' insights into the drivers behind the obesity epidemic and psychosocial barriers to change; transformative experiences using patient-centred approaches to communication and behaviour change; progression in skills and attitudes to broaching obesity in clinical contexts; and insights into the factors that drive patient engagement. Their experiences indicate that facilitative approaches are acceptable to patients, and result in commitment to change where relevant to the patient's agenda.