bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lecciones aprendidas en el desarrollo de la carrera de Informática Educativa de la Universidad Nacional (UNA) en convenio con la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), Sede del Atlántico
Authors: Jiménez Castro Maynor , Leitón Arrieta Karol , Fernández Valverde Marvin
Published: July 2018

Este artículo presenta los principales resultados, hallazgos y aprendizajes obtenidos de la ejecución del convenio interuniversitario entre la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) y la Universidad Nacional (UNA), gracias al cual fue posible impartir la carrera de Informática Educativa en la Sede del Atlántico de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Esta iniciativa se llevó a cabo gracias al apoyo y financiamiento del Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), cuyo respaldo permitió ofrecer la carrera en el período 2009-2015, con lo que se logró la graduación de dos generaciones. Para la creación y desarrollo de este convenio se contó con la participación activa y dinámica de diferentes instancias de ambas universidades, se emprendió, así, una labor conjunta con el objetivo primordial de beneficiar a la población de la zona del Atlántico, específicamente los cantones de Turrialba, Paraíso y Guápiles, donde se amplió la oferta académica con la apertura de una carrera orientada a mejorar el uso de la tecnología en el sector educativo.
Seasonal Hydrological and Meteorological Time Series
Authors: Cepeda Cuervo Edilberto , Achcar Jorge Alberto , Andrade Marinho G.
Published: July 2018

Time series models are often used in hydrology and meteorology studies to model streamﬂows series in order to make forecasting and generate synthetic series which are inputs for the analysis of complex water resources systems. In thispaper we introduce a new modeling approach for hydrologic and meteorological time series assuming a continuous distribution for the data, where both the conditional mean and conditional varianceparameters are modeled. Bayesian methods using standard MCMC (Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods) are used to simulate samples for the joint posterior distribution of interest. Two applications to real data sets illustrate the proposedmethodology, assuming that the observations come from a normal, a gamma or a beta distribution. A ﬁrst example is given by a time series of monthly averages of natural streamﬂows, measured in the year period ranging from1931 to 2010 in Furnas hydroelectric dam, Brazil. A second example is given with a time series of 313 air humidity data measured in a weather station of Rio Claro, a Brazilian city located in southeastern of Brazil. These applications motivate us to introduce new classes of models to analyze hydrological and meteorological time series
Book Review: Isabel Quintero's Gabi, a Girl in Pieces
Authors: Germán Lorena
Published: July 2018

Book Review
Reading Books and Reading Minds: Differential Effects of Wonder and The Crossover on Empathy and Theory of Mind
Authors: Guarisco Martha S. , Brooks Celine , Freeman Louise M.
Published: July 2018

We tested sixth graders for empathy and theory of mind before and after an academic unit on either Wonder or The Crossover. Wonder was associated with improved perspective-taking; students who read The Crossover increased in concern for others. Faux pas detection increased in both genders with Wonder, and in girls with The Crossover. Students who read The Crossover in print showed improved understanding of facial expressions, while students who used iPads declined. Young adult fiction is associated with improved social cognitive skills, but effects depend on gender and reading format, as well as on the choice of individual book.
Introduction
Authors: Hill Crag , Pitre Leilya , Bickmore Steve , Kunkel Anthony
Published: July 2018

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Wisdom, Mystery, and Dangerous Knowledge: Exploring Depictions of the Archetypal Sage in Young Adult Literature
Authors: Renga Ian Parker , Lewis Mark A.
Published: July 2018

The archetypal sage character is a common, though relatively unexplored character, in young adult literature (YAL). Employing a sociocultural, constructivist understanding of archetypes, we unpack features of the sage through an examination of three sagacious characters: the Receiver of Memory in The Giver, Haymitch Abernathy in The Hunger Games, and Anatov in Akata Witch. Our analysis reveals how these characters are each marked with physical or behavioral abnormalities, are isolated from society and its institutions, and possess dangerous knowledge of eros (The Giver), power (The Hunger Games), and identity (Akata Witch). They are also depicted as standing in sharp contrast to other, more typical teachers in the intimate relationships they form with students and degree of vulnerability they display. All of these characteristics, we argue, might explain the appeal of the sagecharacter in YAL, as well as its curious absence from our common understanding of K-12 teachers and curriculum. Indeed, we see these characterizations of fictional teachers as raising interesting questions about sagacious mentorship and wisdom in schools.
Exploring the “Lively Art” of Young Adult Literature: A Conversation with Michael Cart
Authors: Suico Terri
Published: July 2018

Exploring the “Lively Art” of Young Adult Literature:A Conversation with Michael Cart
Michael Cart’s Young Adult Literature: From Romance to Realism (3rd edition)
Authors: Suico Terri
Published: July 2018

Review of Michael Cart's seminal work on the history of young adult literature.
Principal components for the in vivo and carcass conformations of Anglo-Nubian crossbred goats
Authors: Ribeiro Marta Jeidjane Borges , Pinto Luís Fernando Batista , Barbosa Ana Carla Borges , Santos Gladston Rafael de Arruda , Pinto Ana Paula Gomes , Nascimento Carlos Souza do , Barbosa Leandro Teixeira
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to identify the principal components (PC) that explain the highest percentages of total variance and best characterize the in vivo and carcass morphologies of Anglo-Nubian crossbred goats. Nineteen carcass morphometric traits and six in vivo morphometric traits were measured in 28 kids at eight months of age. Principal component analysis indicated that five PC were able to explain 83.57% of the total variance in the 19 original carcass traits. Those components were termed PC1-Carcass Size, PC2 - Body Condition, PC3-Carcass Width, PC4-Chest Depth, and PC5 - Hindquarter. For in vivo morphometric traits, the first two principal components explained 78.86% of the total variance. These components were called PC1-In vivo Size and PC2-In vivo Conformation.
Important Role of Health Surveillance Systems in Community-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Chao Ann , Sivaram Sudha
Published: July 2018

This commentary discusses a recent report on the planning, implementation, and outcomes of a community-based colorectal cancer screening program in Shanghai, China, as well as important components of a successful cancer screening program.
Adneksiyal kitlelerde Risk of Malignancy Index versiyonları ile Assesment of Different Neoplasias in the Adnexa (ADNEX) skorlama sisteminin karşılaştırılması
Authors: SANDAL Kemal , POLAT Mesut , YASSA Murat , GÜNAY Taner , ERDEM Gamze , GÜZİN Kadir
Published: July 2018

ÖZET

Giriş ve Amaç

Adneksiyal kitlelerin preoperatif olarak malignite riskinin değerlendirilmesi,
operasyonun yapılacağı merkeze ve ekibe karar verilmesi açısından önem
arzetmektedir. Bu durum hastanın postoperatif prognozu ile doğrudan
ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada adneksiyal kitlelerin preoperatif değerlendirmesinde
mevcut olan malignite riski belirleme modellerinden Risk of Malignancy
İndex(RMI) versiyonlarının ve Assessment of Different
Neoplasias in the Adnexa  (ADNEX) modelinin malignite öngörüsündeki başarı oranlarının incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır.

Materyal ve
Metod

Tersiyer eğitim araştırma hastanesinde Eylül 2014-Haziran
2016 tarihleri arasında adneksiyel kitle nedeniyle opere tüm hastalar
retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi, ultrasonografi, klinik bilgi ve Ca 125
verileri ile RMI I-II-III-IV skorları ve ADNEX model malignite risk yüzdeleri
hesaplandı, sonuçlar patolojik tanılar ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular191 vakanın verileri
değerlendirildiğinde RMI I (>200) duyarlılık %66 özgüllük %88.4 PPV %68.6,
NPV %87.1, RMI II (>200) duyarlılık %75.5, özgüllük %78.3, PPV %57.1,
NPV%89.3, RMI III(>200) duyarlılık 
%66, özgüllük %88.4, PPV %68.6, NPV %87.1, RMI IV(>450)
duyarlılık  %67.9, özgüllük %90.6, PPV
%73.5, NPV %88 olarak izlendi. ADNEX
model için çalışmada 3 farklı malignite sınır değeri uygulanmıştır. Malignite
riskinde %5’lik sınır değer kullanıldığında duyarlılık %98.1, özgüllük %46.4,
PPV %41.3, NPV%98.5, %10’luk sınır değer kullanıldığında duyarlılık %94,3,
özgüllük %63, PPV %49,5, NPV%96,7, %15’lik sınır değer kullanıldığında
duyarlılık %94,3, özgüllük %72,5, PPV %56,8 NPV%97,1 olarak saptandı.

Sonuç

ADNEX modeli duyarlılık ve özgüllük sonuçları literatür ile
benzer olarak izlenmiştir. RMI versiyonlarının sonuçları literatürle
karşılaştırıldığında duyarlılık açısından literatüre göre daha düşük, özgüllük
verileri literatür ile benzer izlenmiştir. Duyarlılık sonuçlarında ADNEX
modeli RMI versiyonlarına göre oldukça yüksek değerlere ulaşmakla birlikte
özgüllük açısından daha kısıtlı olduğu izlenmiştir. Sonuçların doğrulanması
için longitudinal çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Pipeline pneumatic conveyor with using the container's kinetic energy
Authors: Davydov S. A. , Valiev N. G. , Tauger V. M. , Kazakov Yu. M. , Volkov E. B.
Published: July 2018

The implementation of the complex pipeline pneumatic conveyor becomes possible when employing the spherical containers (capsules) which enable the using of the downward rolling to decrease the energy consumption. On the vertical sections along the track it is viable to chute containers by gravity. The mathematical formulation for the spherical container's downward rolling and its moving down by gravity is given in the article.
Synthesis and thermal properties of the nanoand macro-crystalline Bi5FeTi3O15 ceramic materials
Authors: Lomanova N. A.
Published: July 2018

The synthesis conditions' influence on the development, thermal behavior, and sintering characteristics was investigated for the nanoand macro-crystalline Bi5FeTi3O15 ceramic materials which had the structure of the perovskite-like four-layered Aurivillius phase. It was shown that the beginning of grains sintering is consistent with the beginning of the surface phase melting, given that the surface phase composition can be governed by the initial mixture's chemical composition changing. The temperatures of crystallization, phase transition, decomposition, sintering activation were defined, as well as the thermal coefficient of the linear expansion of the produced materials was determined.
Improvement of the metal casting process and refractory equipment design in the intermediate ladle ‒ open jet ‒ the continuous billet caster mold's installation
Authors: Vdovin K. N. , Tochilkin Vasilii V. , Filatova O. A. , Tochilkin Viktor V.
Published: July 2018

The steel flow and refractory arrangement of the intermediate ladle (IL) ‒ open jet (OJ) ‒ continuous casting machine (CCM) mold's installation are regarded in the article. The specifics of the metal flow controlling are mentioned. The structural features of the continuous billet caster which maintain the effective metal flowing through the IL ‒ OJ ‒ CCM mold installation are presented. The improving of the installation design allows the expedient metal flows and provides the billets' quality upgrading.
HUBUNGAN KAPASITAS VITAL PARU-PARU DENGAN DAYA TAHAN CARDIORESPIRATORY PADA CABANG OLAHRAGA SEPAK BOLA
Authors: Syahda Ilman Alifa , Damayanti Imas , Imanudin Iman
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya daya tahan cardiorespiratory siswa yang mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler sepak bola di SMA Negeri 1 Cikarang Utara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1). Mengetahui tingkat kapasitas vital paru-paru siswa SMA Negeri 1 Cikarang Utara yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler pada cabang olahraga sepak bola. (2). Mengetahui tingkat daya tahan cardiorespiratory siswa SMA Negeri 1 Cikarang Utara yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler pada cabang olahraga sepak bola. (3). Mengetahui hubungan kapasitas vital paru-paru dengan daya tahan cardiorespiratory pada cabang olahraga sepak bola. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif korelatif, dengan pendekatan kuantitatif.  Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMA Negeri 1 Cikarang Utara kelas XI dan XII yang berjumlah 647 orang, dengan sampel adalah siswa yang masih aktif mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler sepak bola yang berjumlah 24 orang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan kapasitas vital paru-paru dengan daya tahan cardiorespiratory sebesar 22,7% dan sisanya 77,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.
Pengaruh Imajery Training terhadap Keterampilan Hasil Shooting Sepak Bola di SSB Java Putra Yudha
Authors: Nurfalah Rinal Taufik , Ugelta Surdiniaty , Imanudin Iman
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pengamatan peneliti terhadap beberapa faktor yang mendukung terhadap keberhasilan suatu tim.  Peneliti beranggapan bahwa aspek penting dari beberapa olahraga terutama sepak bola, yang dibutuhkan untuk mengurangi kepekaan terhadap situasi yang membuat atlet tidak focus, khususnya shooting.  Untuk itu perlu pemberian latihan mental salah satunya latihan imagery atau imaginasi.  Masalah dari penelitian ini adalah seberapa besar pengaruh imageri training terhadap keterampilan shooting.  Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 athletes berusia 15 tahun dari SSB Java Putra Yudha yang dibagi kedalam dua kelompok dengan latihan shooting dan imageri untuk kelompok ekspeimen dan hanya latihan shooting untuk kelompok control selama 3 kali dalam seminggu selama 6 minggu.  Teknik sample yang digunakan adalah total sampling, dengan jumlah 20 atlet yang merupakan pemain sepak bola yang masih aktif.  Instrument yang digunakan adalah pretest dan posttest dengan memberikan latihan imagery untuk kelompok eksperimen dengan durasi 5-10 menit dan berkontribusi terhadap latihan shooting. Hasil dari penelitian dengan analisis data menggunakan t-test menunjukkan p<0.05 yang artinya adalah terdapat hubungan antara latihan imageri dengan keterampilan dasar sepak bola.
PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI ALAT PELONTAR BOLA TENIS LAPANGAN BERBASIS MICROCONTROLLER
Authors: Amni Hazrina , Ruhayati Yati , Sultoni Kuston
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat software dan hardware alat pelontar bola tenis lapangan berbasis microcontroller. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode Research and Development (R&D). Alat yang dibuat menggunakan rangkaian elektronika berbasis microcontroller, alat ini menggunakan aplikasi bluetooth switch 3.0 yang telah diprogram bersama dengan microcontroller. Alat ini menggunakan 4 motor DC, diantaranya 2 motor utama berfungsi sebagai kecepatan dan 2 motor lainnya berfungsi sebagai penggeraknya. Alat ini bekerja secara otomatis ketika pelaksanaan latihan dimulai dengan ditandai klik tombol on maka alat ini akan langsung berfungsi sebagai alat pelontar bola, tanpa harus berkoneksi terlebih dahulu ke bluetooth switch 3.0. Tapi jika tidak berkoneksi maka alat akan berfungsi hanya dengan satu arah lontaran dan satu kecepatan. Maka dari itu dengan adanya bluetooth switch 3.0 yang digunakan pada alat ini, berbagai mode bisa kita pilih sesui dengan kebutuhan penggunanya. Mode yang terdapat pada alat ini yaitu atas, bawah, kiri, kanan, easy, medium, hard, random, on dan off. Setelah diujicobakan bahwa hasil lontaran bola konsisten dan memiliki standar deviasi yang normal, namun dilihat dari data jarak lontaran bola terlihat perbedaan hasil lontaran yang tidak konsisten. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi jarak itu sendiri yaitu dilihat dari jenis bola dan struktur bola.
Inovasi Instrumen Sit and Reach Berbasis Digital Technology
Authors: Nugraha Januar Agung , Rusdiana Agus
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat inovasi instrumen sit and reach berbasis digital technology. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development / R&D). Instrumen yang dibuat oleh peneliti ini menggunakan rangkaian elektronika berbasis Microcontroller Atmel Atmega 328p. Instrumen ini menggunakan sensor putar yang bernama Potensiometer Logaritmik. Cara melakukan tes menggunakan instrumen ini yaitu diawali dengan memasang alat pada kaki kiri dan menempatkan titik sensor tepat pada sendi paha (hip joint). Setelah itu, sampel melakukan gerakan dengan menekukkan badan ke depan (mencium lutut), kemudian alat diukur sesuai sudut yang terbentuk. Menekuknya sudut pada instrumen tersebut, akan mengakibatan perputaran pada sensor yang telah terpasang. Instrumen ini menggunakan kabel sebagai penghubung untuk transfer data dari sensor ke microcontroller untuk diproses, dan menghasilkan output dalam LCD. Instrumen ini memiliki tingkat validitas yang tinggi setelah diuji dengan instrumen yang memiliki validitas sebelumnya. Reliabilitas instrumen ini memiliki tingkat reliabilitas yang sangat tinggi setalah diuji antara tes pertama dan tes kedua. Instrumen ini dalam pengoperasiannya masih membutuhkan asisten, yang diharapkan kedepan mampu berkembang lebih efektif dan efisien.  Kata Kunci: Fleksibilitas otot,  sit and reach, teknologi digital, ilmu keolahragaan.
Tingkat Kecemasan Atlet Sebelum, Pada Saat Istirahat dan Sesudah Pertandingan
Authors: Anira , , Damayanti Imas , Rahayu Nur Indri
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan perbedaan tingkat kecemasan atlet sebelum, pada saat istirahat dan sesudah pertandingan. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 40 atlet futsal putri Jawa Barat yang lolos menuju babak nasional futsal Liga mahasiswa tahun 2016 di Yogyakarta dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala level kecemasan SCAT (Sport Competition Anxiety Test). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif komparatif dengan analisis uji one way anova dari software SPSS versi 22. Hasil analisis data diketahui bahwa hasil uji perbandingan antara tingkat kecemasan sebelum bertanding dan sesudah bertanding yaitu memiliki signifikansi sebesar p = 0.000, tingkat kecemasan pada saat istirahat bertanding dan sesudah bertanding memiliki signifikansi sebesar p = 0.000, tingkat kecemasan sebelum bertanding dan pada saat istirahat bertanding memiliki signifikansi p = 0.371. Hasil keputusan berdasarkan uji hipotesis yang menunjukkan signifikansi (p<0.05), maka H0 ditolak, yaitu terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat kecemasan sebelum bertanding dengan sesudah bertanding dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat kecemasan pada saat istirahat bertanding dengan sesudah bertanding. Sedangkan hasil keputusan berdasarkan uji hipotesis yang menunjukkan signifikansi (p>0.05), maka H0 diterima, yaitu tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat kecemasan sebelum bertanding dengan sesudah bertanding.
Meningkatkan Efektivitas Pembelajaran Baling-Baling Melalui Media Audio Visual pada Siswa Kelas V SDN 2 Cibogo Waled
Authors: Pawaka Hendi Suhendi , Budiman Didin , Ali Alviyan Fachri
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk meningkatkan penguasaan gerakan baling baling melalui media audio visual pada pembelajaran senam lantai. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, yang subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas V SDN 2 Cibogo Cirebon berjumlah 32 siswa, yaitu 11 laki-laki dan 21 perempuan. Data penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan lembar pengamatan (observasi). Penelitian ini mampu memberikan manfaat positif terhadap proses belajar mengajar bagi siswa antara lain dengan adanya peningkatan dari  siklus I hingga siklus II, Begitu pula nilai rata-rata hasil penelitian telah meningkat. Pada siklus I, Untuk siklus I jumlah yang tuntas sebanyak 16 siswa (50%) dan yang tidak tuntas sebanyak 16 siswa (50%), sedangkan pada siklus II meningkat jumlah siswa yang tuntas menjadi 32 siswa (100%) dengan perolehan data tersebut peneliti merasa cukup untuk tidak diteruskan kembali ke langkah selanjutnya, karena hasil yang diharapkan telah tercapai dengan baik. Dari hasil pelaksanaan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: efektivitas pembelajaran baling baling melalui media audio visual pada kelas V SDN 2 Cibogo Waled Cirebon meningkat.
Perbandingan Hasil Tes Vo2max Atlet Renang Menggunakan Williams Swimming Beep Test dan Bleep Test
Authors: Aditia Lugina , Badruzaman Badruzaman , Paramitha Sandey Tantra , Jajat Jajat
Published: July 2018

Selama ini bleep test menjadi salah satu instrument pengukuran kapasitas aerobik yang banyak digunakan oleh cabang olahraga, akan tetapi relevansinya dengan cabang olahraga renang yang notabene di air masih belum banyak dikaji. Didasarkan pada hal tersebut, maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji instrument pengukuran kapasitas aerobik pada cabang olahraga renang, antara Williams Swimming Beep Tes dan Bleep Test. Metode yang digunakan adalah causal comparative, yaitu membandingkan hasil tes kapasitas aerobic antara menggunakan Williams Swimming Beep Tes dan Bleep Test. Sampel adalah 9 atlet renang klub Grage City Cirebon. Hasil penelitian diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata (p=0,033) antara kapasitas aerobic menggunakan Williams Swimming Beep Tes (39,60) dan Bleep Test (43,70). Artinya bahwa tes kapasitas aerobic untuk cabang olahraga renang tidak cocok menggunakan Bleep Test, tetapi lebih cocok menggunakan Williams Swimming Beep Tes karena tes nya dilakukan di air sesuai dengan karakteristik cabang olahraga.
Potensi Gula Merah dalam Meningkatkan Penampilan Olahraga
Authors: Abdurahman Muhammad Naufal , Ray Hamidie Ronald Daniel , Ruhayati Yati
Published: July 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi gula merah terhadap daya tahan dan asam laktat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain Pretest-Posttest Control Design. Adapun Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes cooper untuk mengukur daya tahan dan Accuntrend plus untuk mengukur asam laktat. Dari hasil pengolahan data tersebut didapatkan hasil bahwa taraf signifikansi untuk VO2max sebesar p = 0,276 > 0,05. Maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata yang signifika dari nilai VO2max pre test dan post test, dan untuk asam laktat didapatkan taraf signifikansi sebesar p = 0,000 < 0,05. Maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan terdapat perbedaan rata-rata nilai yang signifikan dari asam laktat pre test dan post test. sehingga dapat dikatakan gula merah memilki pengaruh signifikan terhadap asam laktat dari pada terhadap daya tahan.
Modeling of Gender Differences in Tuberculosis Prevalence
Authors: Kisselevskaya-Babinina V.Y. , Sannikova T.E. , Romanyukha A.A. , Karkach A.S.
Published: July 2018

Epidemiological studies have shown that gender differences in tuberculosis prevalence can be explained by physiological, behavioral and social
factors. In our work, the quantitative evaluation of the effect of such factors has been received. With this purpose, we developed a mathematical
model of tuberculosis dynamics in two-gender population. The model consists of twelve nonlinear differential equations and describes such
epidemiological processes as tuberculosis transmission from infectious individuals to susceptible ones, the activation of latent diseases,
public health actions in revealing and treating tuberculosis cases. This model has been fitted to data for Moscow. The results of parameter
identification demonstrate that low prevalence of tuberculosis among females is mainly accounted for by higher natural resistance
to mycobacterium. Higher rate of tuberculosis revealing and more effective treatment in females can be attributed to behavioral factors.
Coupled data assimilation in climate research: A brief review of applications in ocean and land
Authors: Suzuki Kazuyoshi , Zupanski Milija
Published: July 2018

Regions of the cryosphere, including the poles, that are currently unmonitored are expanding, therefore increasing the importance of satellite observations for such regions. With the increasing availability of satellite data in recent years, data assimilation research that combines forecasting models with observational data has begun to flourish. Coupled land/ice-atmosphere/ocean models generally improve the forecasting ability of models. Data assimilation plays an important role in such coupled models, by providing initial conditions and/or empirical parameter estimation. Coupled data assimilation can generally be divided into three types: uncoupled, weakly coupled, or strongly coupled. This review provides an overview of coupled data assimilation, introduces examples of its use in research on sea ice-ocean interactions and the land, and discusses its future outlook. Assimilation of coupled data constitutes an effective method for monitoring cold regions for which observational data are scarce and should prove useful for climate change research and the design of efficient monitoring networks in the future.
PLANLANMIŞ DAVRANIŞ TEORİSİ BAĞLAMINDA GİRİŞİMCİLİK NİYETİ ÜZERİNDE MAKYAVELİST KİŞİLİĞİN ETKİSİ
Authors: DİNÇ Mehmet , AKÇAKANAT Tahsin
Published: July 2018

Girişimcilik
literatüründe, motivasyon bileşenleri ile olumlu ve olumsuz kişilik
değişkenlerinin girişimcilik niyetine etkisi ilgi çekici bir alanı
oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Planlanmış Davranış Teorisi kapsamında kişisel
tutum, özel norm ve algılanan davranışsal kontrolün, girişimcilik niyeti
üzerindeki etkisini tespit etmeye odaklanmıştır. Çalışmanın ikinci temel amacı
ise makyavelist kişiliğin, girişimcilik niyetini açıklayıp açıklamadığını
ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırmanın verileri iki şu ölçek vasıtası ile
toplanmıştır: Dahling ve arkadaşları (2009) tarafından geliştirilen
“Makyavelist Kişilik Ölçeği” ve Linan ve Chen (2009) tarafından geliştirilen
“Girişimcilik Niyeti Ölçeği”. Araştırma, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi
ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi İşletme Bölümü son sınıf öğrencileri üzerinde
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplamda 200 geçerli anket üzerinden analizler
yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimleyici istatistikler, güvenilirlik
analizi, açımlayıcı faktör analizi, pearson korelasyon analizi ve çoklu
regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırma neticesinde girişimcilik
niyeti ile kişisel tutum, öznel norm ve algılanan davranışsal kontrol arasında
pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Girişimcilik niyetini en
yüksek düzeyde kişisel tutum değişkeni açıklamıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca
makyavelist kişilik boyutlarının hiçbirinin girişimcilik niyetini anlamlı bir
şekilde açıklamadığı da tespit edilmiştir.
Placenta percreta: a successful conservative outcome
Authors: Mishra Nigamananda , Desai Devika , Prabhu Santoshi , Jadhav Vaishali
Published: July 2018

Placental adherent syndromes have been known to us since antiquity. These are very much common in the present era due to rising incidence of surgical evacuation of pregnancy, caesarean sections and hysterotomy. Thought to be due to abnormal trophoblastic invasion at the endo-myometrial junction along with vasculature leading to varying degrees of invasion and adherence, lastly including the pelvic organs. Morbidity and mortality associated with these have been an obstetrician’s nightmare and thus a good learning curve. Hence, knowing appropriate case selection and management in terms of early diagnosis, mode of delivery, dealing with obstetric emergencies and appropriate counseling has become the need of the hour. The focus being, conservative management and best perinatal outcome with least maternal morbidity
Retrospective study of cases of rupture uterus at tertiary care center in Egypt
Authors: Ezzat Laila , Salah Mohamed
Published: July 2018

Background: Uterine rupture (UR)is one of the most serious obstetrical emergencies necessitating prompt diagnosis and management, as it en-dangers the maternal and fetal life. Uterine rupture (scarred/ unscarred) may occur at any stage of pregnancy. In developed countries, with good antenatal care and good supervision during labour, (UR) has become rare except by dehiscence of a caesarean scar. The objective of present study was to find out risk factors, management, related complications and associated maternal and fetal outcomes with rupture uterus.Methods: A retrospective study, data files and the case notes was retrieved from the medical records department at Aswan university hospital from January 1 2013 to December 31 2013 in the form of data relating to the age, parity, gestational age, method of termination, perinatal outcomes, and related maternal complications.Results: There were 4284 deliveries during the period under review among them 5 cases of uterine rupture. Thus, the incidence of uterine rupture was 1.1/1000 deliveries.3 cases (60%) of them had no antenatal care at any hospital or primary care center. The risk factors in these cases are in majority 4 (80%) of cases uterine rupture occurred in women with previous scar, 1case (20%) of cases uterine rupture occurred in women with none scarred uterus. As regard surgical management 3 cases (60%) managed by hysterectomy and 2cases (40%) managed by repair. As regard maternal and fetal outcome all women required blood transfusion. Associated bladder rupture was repaired in two cases (40%). After excluding fetal wastage before the age of viability, perinatal mortality was 100% (5/5).Conclusions: Present retrospective analytical study has concluded that rupture uterus is a life-threatening complication. Proper antenatal and intrapartum care, identification of high risk factors, promotion of skilled attendance at birth and institutional delivery are key factors in reduction and early diagnosis.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes of placenta previa and accreta at Assiut women’s health hospital, Egypt
Authors: Zakherah Mahmoud S. , Abdel-Aziz Mervat , Othman Essam R. , Abbas Ahmed M.
Published: July 2018

Background: The aim of the current study was to estimate the incidence of placenta previa (PP) and accreta (PA) in the period from January 2015 to December 2016 at Women’s Health Hospital, Assiut University, Egypt and to evaluate the maternal and neonatal outcomes.Methods: The study included all cases of PP with or without suspicion of accreta who were diagnosed preoperatively by ultrasound at Women’s Health Hospital, Assiut University. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were evaluated. All intraoperative and postoperative data were reported. The obtained data was analyzed by means of SPSS software (version 22.0) and p<0.05 was taken as the significant level.Results: Total number of deliveries was 29027 cases. The number of cases of PP was 494 cases making an incidence of 1.7%, among them 95 cases were confirmed during surgery to be accreta (0.33%). Uterine artery ligation was carried out 300 cases (60.7%) of cases while cesarean hysterectomy was performed in 56 cases (11.3%). Bladder injury occurred in 58 cases (11.7%), ureteric injury occurred in 6 cases (1.2%), colon injury occurred in 1case (0.2%) and vascular injury occurred in 2 cases (0.4%). Maternal mortality was 4 cases (0.8%). The mean gestational age was 34.73 ± 2.8 weeks. Also, over the two years there were 148 neonatal cases (29.9%) needed assisted ventilation in the form of ambu bag or endotracheal intubation gestation. NICU admission needed in 109 neonatal cases (22.06%) and neonatal mortality reported in 18 neonates (3.6%).Conclusions: The incidence of both PP and PA is very high in our locality due to increase CS rate.
Short term effects of maternal obesity on mother and fetus: a prospective study
Authors: Thota Amrutha R. , Bhandiwad Ambarisha , Sakhireddy Vineet
Published: July 2018

Background: Obesity is such a common health care problem of female population that have major impact on pregnancy. The worldwide prevalence of obesity is more than doubled in between 1980 and 2015. The objectives of present study are to observe whether obese women have an increased risk of pregnancy related complications and adverse fetal outcome and also to compare pregnancy outcomes in different classes of BMI in obese group.Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in OBG department JSS Hospital, Mysore from November 2014 to July 2016. All pregnant women attending OPD and inpatients of antenatal wards were screened for pre-pregnancy BMI. Total number of singleton births were 5727 in our institution. Out of which 314 obese pregnant women were included in the study group, remaining 5413 non-obese pregnant mothers were taken as control group respectively. They are closely monitored in every antenatal visit for development of complications such as pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, increased rate of caesarean section and presence of macrosomia (B.wt >3.5kg).Results: In comparison to normal BMI pregnant women, obese mothers had an increased risk of gestational hypertension (16.9% versus 2.0%, OR-2.3) gestational diabetes mellitus (35.7% versus 3.1%, OR-2.84), preeclampsia (23.9% versus 5%,0R-1.64) cesarean sections (75.2% versus 65.4%), macrosomia (45.9% versus 22%, OR-1.64), it was also found that as BMI increases the incidence of these complications increase as seen in different classes of obese population.Conclusions: Pregnancy associated with obesity is considered as a high-risk pregnancy and obesity being a modifiable risk factor, educating women in early pregnancy and preconceptional counseling regarding harmful effects of obesity and information regarding appropriate gestational weight gain is essential.
A study on cervical cancer screening using pap smear in urban area in state of Meghalaya, India
Authors: Mishra Priti , Thapa Ragini , Dinkar Arvind Kumar
Published: July 2018

Background: Cancer cervix is fourth most common cancer in world second most common in India. The objective of the study is to identify abnormal pap smear cytology in women undergoing the test.Methods: This retrospective study conducted in 200 women attending gynae OPD of Military Hospital, Shillong, Meghalaya, India between January 2016 to December 2017. Pap smear test was done, and classification was done as per Bethesda system 2014.Results: 105 women had normal cytology findings and 23 had abnormal cytology.Conclusions: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer for which screening is done. If pap smear is done every 3 years as per the guidelines mortality due to cervical cancer can be reduced. Every woman should undergo pap test at least once in her life before the age of 45 years. Timely screening of preinvasive lesion allows prevention from invasive cervical cancer.
Clinicopathological analysis of ovarian tumours: a 10 year retrospective study
Authors: Naik Sahana N. , K. S. Sunil Kumar , B. Girija
Published: July 2018

Background: Ovarian tumors account for 30% of all cancers of female genital tract which represents the sixth most common cancer and fourth leading cause of death in women. The present study was done with an objective to determine the frequency and distribution of various ovarian tumors and to study their clinical and histopathological presentations.Methods: It is a retrospective observational study of patients with ovarian tumors subjected to surgery in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital from January 2005 to December 2015.Results: There were 642 cases comprising of 77.7% of neoplastic lesions and 22.3% of non-neoplastic lesions. Majority of the ovarian tumors (83%) were seen in the age group of 20 to 50 years. Mean age for ovarian tumors was 38 years.  Among the neoplastic lesions 84% were benign, 14.2% were malignant and 1.8% were borderline tumors. Surface epithelial tumors were the commonest tumors (60.9%) followed by germ cell tumors (12.8%).  Serous cystadenoma was the most common benign tumors (47.1%) followed by mucinous cystadenoma (18.4%). Among the ovarian malignant tumors; serous cystadenocarcinoma was the most common (4.5%) followed by mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (2.6%). Chocolate cysts were the most common among the non-neoplastic lesions (36.4%).Conclusions: Ovarian neoplastic lesions were more common than non-neoplastic lesions. Benign ovarian tumors were common in reproductive age group.  The mean age of occurrence for ovarian tumor was 38 years. The most common neoplasm was surface epithelial tumors, of which serous tumors was the commonest. Chocolate cysts were the most frequently encountered histopathological finding among the non-neoplastic lesions.
Trends in caesarean section rates in a rural block of southern India
Authors: Muliyil Divya Elizabeth , K. Manjunath , Helan Jasmin , Minz Shantidani , George Kuryan , Abraham Vinod Joseph , Bose Anuradha , Herian Anne George
Published: July 2018

Background: Over the last decade many programmes have been implemented to improve the health of pregnant women and neonates. This study aims to look at the changes in modes of delivery and perinatal mortality rates in a rural block of Tamil Nadu between 2006 and 2015.Methods: Data on all the births that have occurred in this rural block of Tamil Nadu that has been prospectively collected between 2006 and 2015 was analysed. A longitudinal analysis was done to calculate the primary and overall caesarean section rate and the average annual rate of increase. The perinatal mortality rate was also calculated.Results: The primary LSCS rate has increased from 9.08% in 2005 to 16.1% in 2015. The overall caesarean section rate has increased from 11.7% to 19.2% in the same time with an average annual rate of increase of 5.1%. During this period the perinatal mortality has decreased from 33 per 1000 live births to 17 per 1000 live births.Conclusions: Though the overall caesarean section rate is higher than the 15% prescribed by WHO the rates are lower than the rest of the country and rural Tamil Nadu.
Paracervical clamps for treatment of uncontrolled postpartum haemorrhage: a novel technique
Authors: C. A. Ramalingappa , U. Durga Sireesha , B. Shruthi
Published: July 2018

Background: PPH is one of the most dreaded third stage complication and is one of the leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Most of the deaths are due to limited availability of pharmacological agents and absent skills to manage PPH. The basis of the study is to introduce a novel technique of application of paracervical clamps transvaginally for temporary occlusion of uterine arteries which represent 90% of blood flow to the uterus.Methods: A prospective study of patients with PPH who did not respond to medical management and who were hemodynamically stable. Paracervical clamps were applied and hemodynamic parameters are continuously monitored. Close monitoring for bleeding PV is done. Clamps are left intact for 6-8 hours and removed.Results: Out of 680 cases of Post-partum haemorrhage. Paracervical clamps were applied to 320 patients from duration of 2013 to 2015 in Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences and Sushruta Multispeciality Hospital Hubballi. Haemorrhage was effectively controlled in 304 (95.1%) patients and only 16 patients required further surgical management. This non-invasive simple procedure has reduced the rates of surgical management of PPH and the associated morbidity.Conclusions: Application of paracervical clamps is an effective, simple and minimally invasive surgical technique for avoiding excess blood loss in mild to moderate postpartum haemorrhage.
Laparoscopic appendectomy in a second trimester pregnant patient due to acute appendicitis: a case report
Authors: Estudillo Gamaliel Vázquez , Viveros Edwin Y. , Vidales Rodrigo Nuñez , Salazar Ivanhoe Larracilla
Published: July 2018

Acute appendicitis is the most frequent surgical procedure of general surgery during pregnancy, which occurs in 0.04 to 0.2% of all pregnancies; this represents 25% of non-obstetric operations performed during pregnancy. A 33-year-old female patient with a second-trimester pregnancy, which goes to the Emergency Department for abdominal pain, when performing the anamnesis and physical examination, the suggestive picture of acute appendicitis is integrated, for which additional laboratory and cabinet studies are carried out, according to the clinical suspicion it is decided to perform diagnostic laparoscopy and management according to findings; cecal erythematosus appendix is evident, so appendectomy is performed, finding proximal appendicolitis. Later with good evolution and satisfactory exit for the binomial. This procedure has been associated with shorter surgery times, shorter hospital stays and fewer complications compared to open surgery.
Three consecutive pregnancies having arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
Authors: Juneja Sunil K. , Tandon Pooja , Garg Shirin
Published: July 2018

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita is a syndrome or disorder that presents with multiple congenital joint contractures at birth. It is X-linked recessive disorder, non-progressive and is of variable severity. Here is a case report with three consecutive pregnancies having fetus affected with Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita (AMC) diagnosed antenatally. Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita affects 1 in 3000 live births. During embryogenesis, joint development is normal. Motion is essential for the normal development of joints and surrounding structures. Fetal akinesia causes extra connective tissue to develop around the joint. This results in fixation of the joint and a further increase in the contracture. Earlier in pregnancy the contractures form, worse is the prognosis.
Twisted ovarian cyst in pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Kuraishy Amina , Noor Nasreen , Mohsin Zehra
Published: July 2018

Ovarian cysts are frequently encountered during pregnancy due to the use of routine prenatal ultrasound. Most of them are benign but in some cases, complications can occur such as torsion, rupture and malignant change. In pregnancy risk of torsion increases 5-fold. It carries significant risk to a pregnant woman and her intrauterine foetus. Here we are reporting a 30-year-old female G3 P1+1L2 with 15 weeks of gestation who presented to antenatal OPD with complain of dull aching abdominal pain for 1 month and nausea and vomiting for 5 days. On ultrasound bilateral ovarian cysts were found, with one of the cyst with multiple septations. She underwent laparotomy, a right sided twisted ovarian cyst was found for which salpingoophrectomy was done. Left sided cyst was simple where cystectomy was done. Her histopathology report showed a bilateral benign serous cystadenoma. Her pregnancy was followed up. She delivered a healthy male baby at term. Ovarian cyst diagnosed in pregnancy can be followed up with serial ultrasound but if associated with complication such as torsion then urgent surgical intervention has to be done.
Prolapse of the urethral mucosa in a prepubertal Indian girl
Authors: Pulavarthi Sabita , Vijayan Sharmila
Published: July 2018

Prolapse of urethral mucosa in prepubescent girls is an uncommon entity and most often seen among native Africans. Management of these cases is controversial. Some would adopt initial medical treatment and others prefer surgical treatment as primary modality with a very few recurrences. Though urethral mucosal prolapse has been managed successfully with surgery in many African girls, the role of medical management and its success cannot be overlooked. Authors present a case of urethral mucosal prolapse in a prepubescent Indian girl who was successfully treated with medical management with no recurrence on follow up.
Dicephalus parapagus conjoined twin: a rare case with review of literature
Authors: Gothwal Meenakshi , Sharma Charu , Yadav Garima , Singh Pratibha , Raikar Sunil
Published: July 2018

Conjoined twin is a rare complication seen in 1% of monochorionic twins and associated with severe morbidity and mortality. It occurs due to a division event at the primitive streak stage of the human embryonic development at about 13-14 days after fertilisation, in monochorionic monoamniotic gestations.  Early prenatal diagnosis of conjoined twin plays a very crucial role in the management and allows appropriate and timely counselling of couple regarding the different modes of management like early termination of pregnancy or continuation of pregnancy with post-natal surgery. Late diagnoses present with difficult options for parents and obstetrician too. Ultrasound plays a very crucial role in diagnosis of conjoined twin. We are reporting a case of 27 years old primigravida referred to our institute at 13 weeks of gestation with ultra-sonographic diagnosis of dicephalus parapagus conjoined twin and further confirmed after termination of pregnancy.
Sporothrix Schenckii: a rare fungal lesion mimicking common granulomas, a case report
Authors: . Niranjanakesav , Bama Sathiya , . Radhakrishnan , Kumar Arbind
Published: July 2018

The patient, a 35-year-old lady, reported for a deeply fixed skin swelling in the leg. The proper diagnosis is likely to be missed if attention is concentrated only on the granulomas. Though diagnosis is possible through Hand E stains, accurate identification of the characteristic morphological features of this fungus is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment. Contrary to the usually held view, in this patient, unusually large number of fungal elements with varying morphology is noticed in Hand E sections.
Carpal tunnel syndrome in females: pregnancy and lactation the major risk factors
Authors: Ganjoo Sandesh , Kaul Diptiman , Shah Parvaiz Ahmed
Published: July 2018

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy. CTS is more common in the age group of 45-65 years and more common in women than men.  Several factors cause CTS, including pregnancy and lactation.Methods: The study was conducted on 60 females with carpal tunnel syndrome. Each patient was subjected to detailed history and relevant clinical examination with emphasis on elaborate neurological examination. Informed consent regarding participation into the study was taken from the patients. Patients suspected of suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome were subjected to nerve conduction study. Patients were classified into mild- moderate and severe carpal tunnel syndrome according to clinical and nerve conduction grading.Results: Out of 60 females, 21 were pregnant (35%) and 19 were lactating (31.7%).  The mean age of presentation was 44.6±14.14 years with range from 22 to 63 years. Causes were attributed to Pregnancy (35%) lactation (31.7%), hypothyroidism (18.3%), occupational risk factors (15.85%) and gout (2.4%).Conclusions: Carpal tunnel syndrome has a high incidence in females. Sensory symptoms (paresthesia, numbness and nocturnal pain) were more common than symptoms of motor weakness. Dominant hand involvement was more common.
Oxygen delivery system in pre-hospital emergency care in india GVK EMRI 108: a review article
Authors: Janumpally Rani , Gimkala Aruna , Saie M. Usha , G. V. Ramana Rao
Published: July 2018

The goal of an effective emergency medical system should be to provide universal emergency care along with assured quality. Oxygen is often used drug in the pre hospital. Oxygen delivery can be monitored by pulse oximetry, typically with a goal of reversing hypoxemia. This paper describes the importance of oxygen in emergency care and its contribution to reducing avoidable death and disability. It also highlights the oxygen delivery systems and training processes /protocols in ambulance based pre-hospital care. In addition, it also shares the usage rates of oxygen and delivery methods in thermal and electrical burns in 108 GVK EMRI, India ambulances. A descriptive study methodology was adopted for explaining the training and pre-hospital care processes of oxygen delivery. Retrospective study method was adopted to measure the oxygen utilization rates in management of burns cases in 108 ambulances in the year 2015. EMTs consistently assessed vitals and provided oxygen to patients’. When EMTs found that patients’ had oxygen saturation less than 95%, they provided supplemental oxygen 95% of the times. EMTs though adhering to the routine use of oxygen in 9 out of 10 cases “where indicated, refresher training should focus on use of oxygen in special circumstances and the benefit to be closely monitored for favourable clinical outcomes”. There is a need to study such common and important essential pre-hospital interventions in all types of emergencies being served.