bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genotype detection of fimH gene of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from different clinical cases
Authors: Abdullah Rana M. , Ahmed Rasha Z.
Published: November 2021

Background: Forty isolates were obtained of Acinetobacter baumannii from (200) samples, the samples were collected from different cases including: - wounds, burns, Stool, Urinary tract infection urine.

Aim of study: The aim of study is to isolate and diagnose Acinetobacter baumanniii from different clinical cases and to investigate the fimH gene.

Objective: Respiratory tract infection and blood sample.For the period between 1/9/2016 to 30/11/2016.

Materials and methods: Identification of 40 isolates confirmed to be Acinetobacter baumannii included 9 isolates from blood, 1 isolate from urinary tract infections, 4 isolates from each of wound infections and Respiratory tract infection, 8 isolates from burns and 14 isolates from stool sample.

Results: The result revealed that the fimH gene was present in (20) isolates (50%) of Acinetobacter baumannii. The result Showed (7 (isolate (17.5%) of Stool and blood has fimH gene to each of them and Burns (3) isolates (7.5%) has fimH gene and (2) isolate (5%) of respiratory tract infection has fimH gene and finally only (1) isolate (2.5 %) of Wound infection. While all isolated for each of the urinary tract infections doesn't the fimH gene. The gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of fimH gene was 508 bp.

Conclusion:   Sequential analysis detection of fimH showed three silent mutations that did not affect the amino acid translation.
Determination of Brucella. abortus Biovars infected human in the middle and southern of iraq
Authors: Al-Mossawy Furat K. , Mohammed Nadira S. , Al-Zubaidy Ibrahim A.
Published: November 2021

Determination of Brucella. abortus Biovars infected human in the middle and southern of  iraq
Synergistic effect of tea tree oil on fungi causing vaginal thrush in pregnant women
Authors: Dahham Mariam T. , Omar Abd alkarim F. , Dheeb Batol  I.
Published: November 2021

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC), or Vaginal thrush, is a vaginitis caused by the overgrowth of some opportunistic yeasts of the genus Candida spp. Australian Tea Tree Oil (TTO) is one of the most important essential oils that contain many compounds that are effective against many bacteria and fungi, which may match the effect of common antibiotics.

       Objective: The aim of this study was to isolate and diagnose fungi that causing vaginal thrush, in pregnant women and to study the effect of (pregnancy and pregnancy sequence and age) on the rate of infection compared to non-pregnant, as well as to study the drug sensitivity of isolates towards a number of antifungal and compared that with the inhibitory effectiveness of tea tree oil.

       Material and Methods: 75 vaginal swabs from pregnant women and 50 from non-pregnant women were collected at ages ranging from 17-65 years. The isolates were diagnosed using several methods, including the Vitek2 Compact system. 17 isolates were selected to study the inhibitory effect of ten antifungal agents, six of them were automatically tested by the Vitek 2 compact system, which contains a sensitivity test kit (AST-YS07 Card). The essential oil (TTO) was analyzed by GC-MS to detect its content of active compounds. The inhibitory effect of TTO was studied according to "Broth dilution" method to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for it, the inhibitory effect of four concentrations of TTO (100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5 %) was also tested according to "well diffusion" method. This investigation also included a study of the mechanism of action (TTO).

        RESULTS: The rate of infection among pregnant women was (41%) with the highest rate of infection during the third trimester of pregnancy, while the percentage of non-pregnant women was only 8%. Vaginal infection was also prevalent in the age group ranged between (17-29 years).The isolates showed resistance to (Ketoconazol, Terbinafine) while they were sensitive to (Nystatin, clotrimazol), as well as sensitive to all antifungal of (AST-YS07 Card). The analysis of the TTO using chromatogram showed that it contains 32 chemical compounds, most of them are monoterpene like (Terpinen-4-ol, 1, 8-Cineol). The MIC of TTO ranged between (4 - < 2 µl/ ml). The function of TTO is to destroy the structural structure of the cell membrane and change its permeability, thereby leakage of cellular components and cell death.

       Conclusion: Pregnancy increases the rate of vaginal candidiasis in women, especially during the third trimester. TTO is highly effective in inhibiting the growth of opportunistic candida yeasts.
Genetic analysis of DXS101and DXS6807 short tandem repeat (X-STR) in samples of Iraqi Arab male population
Authors: Khaleefah Hayder Allawi , Al-Awadi Salwa Jaber Abdullah , Al-Tameemi Zaid Nsaif Abbas
Published: November 2021

Back ground: X-chromosomal short tandem repeats (X-STRs) have assured to be informative and particular role in complex relationship testing. DXS6807 known as tetra nucleotides polymorphism representing eight alleles of 251-275 bp in length. DXS6807 is located in, at XP 22.2, at a genetic distance of more than 87 and 151 Cm of X-chromosome. DXS101 is located104.9–121 cM from the Xp-telomere (Xp-tel) corresponding to cytogenetic position in Xq21.33–Xq22.3. 

Objective: The aim of this present study   investigates the allele frequency of two markers DXS101, DXS6807 and forensic efficiency parameters for sample of Arabic Iraqi males.

Material and methods: The population of this study includes 200 males apparently healthy unrelated participants from different region of Baghdad city, their ages ranged between (20-50) years. The Genomic DNA extracted and purified successfully from blood samples. 

Results: The forensic efficiency parameters result for these markers were following: polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.834708, power of discrimination (PD) in male 0.851750, Power of exclusion (PE) 0.698316, MEC Krüger0.511679, MEC Kishida 0.694890. The forensic efficiency parameters analyzing from Arabic population were Power of discrimination (PD) = 0.73405, Polymorphism information content (PIC) =0.69489, Power of exclusion (PE) =0.482879.MEC Krüger =0.511679, MEC Kishida = 0.694890.

Conclusions: The information provided establish this X-linked microsatellite marker as a valuable strategy for forensic application. DXS101is and DXS6807 recently consider more stable and suitable forensic markers for forensic application.
Flavonoids content in methanolic extract of Equisetum arvense L.(Horsetail) from Kurdistan region - Iraq
Authors: AM Ismail , Al-Khasreji TO , BK Maulood
Published: November 2021

Background:The ferns are well known that they are  a rich sources to bioactive compounds mainly flavonoid groups which are very important  to protect these plants from environmental stresses.                                     Objective: The object of this work is to determine chemical content (total flavonoids) in methanol extract of Equisetum arvense L. Family Equisetaceae.                                                                                                Methods: mature sporophyte of the fern was collected from Chemi Rezan region in Sulaimaniyah district during May 2016. The methanol extract of the fern was prepared by using Soxhulet apparatus to be used for phytochemical analysis.           

 Resulrs: The outcome of the qualitative analysis for E. arvense extract had showed that the fern was containing active compounds which involve: alkaloids, saponins, tanins and four flavonoids which were identified as: kaempferol, aempferol-O-3- glycoside, leutolin, and querctin in E. arvense  by using HPLC technique . In fact the main compound leutolin (100.6 µg/ ml) was recorded quit high concentration.  The results were showed that total flavonoids made up almost (179.5 µ/ ml).                                    

Conclusion: It was found that total flavonoid have positive correlation with the environment in the studied region.
Evaluating technological feasibility of fruit and vegetable transportation by sea between ports of Caspian Sea
Authors: Melnikov Aleksandr Valerievich , Sibryaev Konstantin Olegovich , Gorbachev Maxim Michailovich , Ibadullaev Adel Damirovich
Published: November 2021

The modern process of fruit and vegetable transportation between countries depends not only on geographical, but also on political and economic factors, which makes for searching more efficient and shorter routes. The availability of such a transport opportunity as sea transportation between the ports of the Caspian Sea makes it possible to analyze new routes for the product transportation from Iran, Azerbaijan and other countries to Russia using dry cargo vessels that are currently used as the general cargo vessels. There have been analyzed the new routes for transportation of perishable products in refrigerated containers and assessed the possibility of their transportation on the “Volga” type bulk carriers. The routes “Astara (Azerbaijan) - Moscow”, “Astara - port Alat - port Kuryk - Moscow” have been illustrated. A general arrangement drawing of a “Volga” type dry cargo vessel (project 19610) is presented, the photographs of transporting timber and containers on the decks of dry cargo vessels are given. Calculating the load of the dry cargo ship’s power plant has shown a technical possibility of transporting 16 refrigerated containers on deck of the “Volga” type vessel without changes in the design of the ship’s power plant. Conclusions are made about the need to develop effective cargo transportation by waterways in modern conditions of the loss of traditional Russian suppliers of fruit and vegetable products, about the possibility of additional use of dry cargo ships, as well as the feasibility of developing a backup diesel generator for emergency power supply of deck refrigerated containers in connection with a possible increase in the capacity of the ship power plant.
Studuing and developing methods of propeller shaft technical diagnostics
Authors: Matveev Victor Ivanovich , Khlybov Aleksandr Anatolievich , Glebov Vladimir Vasilievich
Published: November 2021

The propeller shafts are the structural components that require increased attention. The results of studying the damage of propeller shafts are presented in accordance with the safety requirements (a case of the river vessels). It is shown that residual stresses greatly impact the reliability and operability of the shafts becoming a damaging factor. The residual stresses occur due to surfacing the propeller shaft by ST35 steel with SV-08A welding wire. There is considered the possibility of determining the magnitude of residual stresses by the acoustic method in the surfacing. To estimate stresses the phenomenon of acoustoelasticity was used: the dependence of the elastic waves propagation velocity on the magnitude of the acting stresses. The process of determining the acoustoelasticity coefficients was carried out using standard samples (in accordance with GOST1497). Samples modeling surfacing were manufactured and tested. Metallographic studies were carried out to assess the influence of the material composition of the propeller shaft on the structure and strength properties of the propeller shafts. The influence of the structure on the amount of residual stresses was evaluated. It has been inferred from the tests results that the speed of elastic waves depends on the residual stresses. The results of the work can be used in production conditions for the control of products made of 35 steel with surfacing. In conclusion, the proposed method can be used to determine the residual stresses directly on the propeller shafts in operation conditions during the appropriate maintenance of ships.
Lubricating oils impact crankshaft rotation speed in outboard motors
Authors: Pokusaev Mikhail Nikolaevich , Khmelnitsky Konstantin Evgenievich , Khmelnitskaya Anastasia Aleksandrovna , Gorbachev Maxim Michailovich , Kadin Alexei Alekseevich , Kadina Elena Valerievna , Tolochin Maksim Aleksandrovich , Prudkov Stanislav Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2021

The most effective assessment of the quality of transmission and motor lubricating oils for marine engines in general and of outboard motors in particular can be given by practical tests on real engines. An important factor for improving the technical characteristics of outboard motors by reducing friction in the movable joints of the internal combustion engine and gearbox is the right choice of a lubricating oil. The stability of the engine crankshaft rotating speed, reducing noise and vibration during the outboard motor operation indicate good lubricating properties of the engine and transmission oil used. There are shown the results of comparative tests of outboard motors SEA-PRO T2.5 (two-stroke) and YAMAHA F4B (four-stroke) using the most common on the market lubricating oil and the oil produced by KUPPER, LLC (Russia). There are presented the illustrations of outboard motors SEA-PRO T2.5 and YAMAHA F4B. The tests were carried out in the laboratory conditions in a small experimental pool by specialists from the Outboard Motors Research and Production Laboratory of Astrakhan State Technical University. The control and measuring devices used were: a tachometer SEA-PRO TSP-02, a gas analyzer “Infrakar-A-02” with a built-in tachometer. It has been inferred that there is a direct dependence of the crankshaft rotation speed during long-term operation of the outboard motor on the quality and characteristics of the lubricating oil. The probability of the research on stationary propulsion systems in water transport is indicated.
DATA GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS IN INDONESIA’S COVID-19 DATA INTEGRATION SYSTEM
Authors: Nafi'ah Binti Azizatun
Published: November 2021

During a pandemic, policy decisions are made quickly and correctly. The need for COVID-19 data becomes an absolute basis for policymaking. This paper focuses on the mechanism of COVID-19 data management in the national COVID-19  task forces to be able to provide valid and realtime data. Researchers used qualitative analysis, with primary and secondary data collection. Researchers interview 3 information from the ministry of communication and informatics as a public communication team in the task force to accelerate the handling of COVID-19. The results showed that even data management was based on structural, procedural, and relational mechanisms. Structure mechanism has been formed strongly through the task force team from the national to the regions. Procedural data mechanisms, although changing procedures are now at the point of data integration. The relation mechanism shows that the coordination and communication relationship between member task forces has been done quite well where coordination is always done quickly.
THE VUCA ERA CREATES COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN INDONESIA BEING COMPLICATED
Authors: Adnan Ricardi S , Anam Fadlan Khaerul , Radhiatmoko Radhiatmoko
Published: November 2021

This article aims to analyze the confusion of information, uncertainty in the situation, and human puzzlement have overshadowed the actions of Indonesian citizens throughout 2020 until the end of January 2021 in line with the pandemic outbreak which have not yet ended and still cannot be predicted when it will end. Volatility, uncertainty, problems of complexity and ambiguity of the choices are conditions that have been described by the VUCA concept. Covid-19, which has infected more than one million people in the country, has caused a lot of excitement in various domains: economic, political, social, cultural, and various other aspects of life. By conducting a literature review from March 2020 to January 2021 and analyzing secondary data from Twitter and distributing short questionnaires through Google Form on August 2020, as 969 respondents in Java, Bali, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara dan Papua Islands the authors found that the VUCA era facilitates various complexities in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. The clumsy policies create uncertainty way in the process of social transformation towards society who cares about health protocols. Some of the solutions offered by Bennet and Lemoine (2014) or Aura Codreanu (2016) are still insufficient to manage the changes that occur towards a better life. This article contributes ideas related to social action about new social care, togetherness, and responsibility for realizing a new normal life.
INSTITUTIONAL COORDINATION OF FLOOD CONTROL AT MEDAN CITY IN MEBIDANGRO COOPERATION SCHEME
Authors: Thamrin Muhammad Husni , Ridho Hatta , Nasution Faiz Albar
Published: November 2021

Flood management system in Medan City is very poor, because there is no institutional coordination resulting from sectoral egos. Effective institutional coordination in urban flood management is needed. Condition is based on problem of flooding in Medan City which has not been effectively implemented, so an alternative solution for integrated urban flood management is needed. Purpose of this research is to explain implementation of flood control policies in Medan City and how coordinate flood control institutions in Medan City in Mebidangro cooperation scheme. This type of qualitative research with descriptive methods is used in this research. Primary data collection techniques with deep interviews through FGD activities with stakeholders. In addition, secondary data is collected by citing journals, books, documents, online media, and other materials support research. Data analysis techniques are carried out through data reduction activities, data display and drawing conclusions. Results showed implementation Presidential Regulation No. 62 of 2011 on flood control in Medan City has not been optimally implemented. Condition is influenced lack of understanding authority and lack of coordination between related agencies to safeguard river basins, river norms and establish primary drainage channels. In addition, coordination of Medan City flood control institution in Mebidangro cooperation scheme has been carried out in a procedural manner. However, actualization still requires visionary leadership and command to support success program.
STRENGTHENING LAND REGISTRATION SYSTEM THROUGH IMPLEMENTATION OF DOMAIN APPROACH IN MANIFESTING LEGAL CERTAINTY AND COMMUNITY JUSTICE
Authors: Kurniati Nia , Mordekhai Jordan
Published: November 2021

As an implementation of welfare society, the government issued Law Number 5 of 1960 Article 19 paragraph (2) c, which provide the legal certainty of land rights for all Indonesians carried out through land registration. The land registration system adopted by Indonesia is negative land cadastre with positive tendency. The implementation of land registration provide the basis of state duty to produce land registration evidence, namely certificate, which is valid as a strong proof of rights. This certificate guarantees the correctness of physical data besides juridical data as long as it is not proven otherwise. Method: This legal research used Normative juridical method, with qualitative juridical data analysis. Results of the study: Negative land cadastre with positive tendency adopted by Indonesia currently does not guarantee legal certainty of land ownership and the community justice itself. This is indicated by the fact that there is still a phenomenon of land disputes, among the result of the issuance of overlapping. By using a legal cadastre-based domain approach, through an approach of extracting historical values of land and integrating the process of dialogue within the issuing of certificate; obtaining legal certainty and the community justice can be achieved. Conclusion: Negative land cadastre with positive tendency is still unable to manifest legal certainty of land ownership and community justice so it is appropriate that an adage states “the highest legal certainty, is the highest injustice”. Strengthening land registration system through the domain approach is an alternative option to manifest legal certainty and community justice.
THE EFFECT OF POLICY IMPLEMENTATION OF BASIC HEALTH SERVICES DURING THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC (Study of Implementation of Basic Health Services in West Java Province)
Authors: Sarihati Tati , Santosa Pandji
Published: November 2021

Facing the Covid 19 pandemic, Indonesia is faced with the quality of essential health services that are still not optimal in various provinces. The main problems of vital health services that have emerged in West Java Province include the number and infrastructure of public health centers, the affordability of services and types of services such as maternal and child health, immunization, nutrition, environmental health and coverage of public health nursing performance. service quality variable, the theoretical approach of Fitzsimmons & Fitzimmons (2011) is used with Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy factors. The research method used is an informative survey approach by collecting data from library analysis sources and field experiments, including questionnaires, observations, and interviews. The sampling method used is Plain Random Sampling. The selected sample (n) was 92 people. The data analysis methodology used is route analysis. The results of the study reveal the positive and significant impact of policy implementation on the effectiveness of the quality of critical health services. In addition, it was also found that communication effectiveness variables that affect the quality of essential health services in West Java Province are also found
POLICY EVALUATION OF REGIONAL EXPANSION AND DETERMINATION REGIONAL BOUNDARIES IN BANTEN AND WEST JAVA PROVINCE
Authors: Saputra Romi
Published: November 2021

The regional expansion is a way to accelerate development acceleration. In addition, regional expansion is the process of dividing an existing administrative area into two or more new autonomous regions. Regional expansion in Indonesia is carried out based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia number 9 of 2015 concerning Regional Autonomy and Regional Government as a result of the second amendment to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 23 of 2014. However, in the process of regional expansion in Indonesia, there are still some problems. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate government policies in regional expansion and determine regional boundaries in the provinces of Banten and West Java based on the laws in force in Indonesia. The method used in this research is the mix method, namely quantitative and qualitative. The data used are obtained from references and interviews related to regional autonomy policies, regional governments, and the determination of regional boundaries. The results of the evaluation, there are several factors that cause regional expansion, namely religious differences, ethnic and cultural differences, inequality in economic development in an area, and the size of the area. The formation of regional boundaries is carried out through 4 stages, namely Allocation, Delimitation, Demarcation, and Administration. One very important aspect of the implementation of regional autonomy is to merge regions with the hope of strengthening the relationship between local governments and local communities. In addition, it is hoped that there will be more intensive interaction between the community and the new local government, civil society will get better rights and obligations as citizens.
VILLAGE FUND MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FORMULATION USING SOAR AND QPSM ANALYSIS IN KUPANG REGENCY
Authors: Martini Ani , Yektris Killa Meirgin
Published: November 2021

Implementing the Village Fund policy focusing on Baumata and Bokong Village, Taebenu District, Kupang Regency, has not provided the expected results. This study aims to formulate strategies for managing the Village Fund. The method used was a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research technique used is an interview with the Head and the Secretary of Village Government, Village Enterprises, Community Empowerment Agency, and people of the Villages. In proposing the Village Fund management strategy, SOAR and QPSM analysis tools are used. The results of the analysis formulate strategies that the Village Government can use in managing Village Funds, namely: (1) The Village Fund Budget is adequately managed to accelerate village development, (2) Firm action on the implementation of problematic activities according to regulations, (3) Existing human resources education and training are provided in the Village, and (4) Establishment of Village enterprises involving farmer groups and livestock groups.
Introducción. “Ritualidad en Eurípides”
Authors: Rodríguez Cidre Elsa
Published: November 2021

Introducción al Dossier: Ritualidad en Eurípides
Cris rituels, auloi et tambourins. Paysage sonore et identités dans les Bacchantes d’Euripide
Authors: Christodoulou Georgios , Delattre Charles
Published: November 2021

Cris rituels, auloí et tambourins sont mentionnés à plusieurs reprises dans le texte des Bacchantes d’Euripide. La pièce crée ainsi un univers sonore fictif, un tissu de références auditives qui se superpose à la musique réellement perçue par les spectateurs, dans le contexte de la première performance aux Dionysies à Athènes. Notre étude articule ces deux espaces sonores, en analysant en particulier le rôle de l’aulós. Cet instrument présente en effet une apparente contradiction: il est ce qui donne rythme et mélodie au festival athénien, mais il est aussi l’un des emblèmes du culte étranger. Nous montrons comment la configuration des sonorités propres aux Bacchantes multiplie les références sonores, et crée un espace sonore qui est un espace de médiation et de conciliation des identités.
Quando il rito inganna: azioni rituali e mechanaí in Euripide (El., IT., Hel.)
Authors: Medda Enrico , Taddei Andrea
Published: November 2021

Questo lavoro esamina tre casi euripidei nei quali il riferimento ad azioni rituali specifiche (il riconoscimento di un nuovo nato, la celebrazione di un rito funerario, la purificazione di un omicida) funziona come strumento di inganno utilizzato da uno o più personaggi ai danni di un altro. Si tratta di casi in cui il rito assume una precisa funzione drammatica e permette di creare una complicità con l’uditorio, che coinvolge tanto l’autore quanto coloro che, in vari momenti dell’Elettra, dell’Ifigenia tra i Tauri e dell’Elena, si trovano sulla scena.
Kombinasi Dexmedetomidine – Sevoflurane 0,5 MAC pada Bedah Mikro Reseksi Malformasi Arteri-Vena
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Diponegoro/Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang, Indonesia, Tjahyanto Adhy , Siena Samdani Ibnu , Harahap M. Sofyan
Published: November 2021

Arterio-venous malformation (AVM) is a rare case, particularly among young patients (<40 years old). Maintaining haemodynamic stability and anticipating massive haemorrhage during micro surgery resection of AVM are fundamental for an anaesthetist. Total Intra Venous Anesthesia using propofol is still popular to control intracranial pressure as it is easily titrated and fast acting agent (both in onset and duration). Moreover, general neuruologic evaluation soon after anesthesia terminated is an integral important component of microsurgery of brain MAV. In this case report: a 20-year-old woman suddenly lost her consciousness and left-sided motors strength. Brain angiographic revealed an AVM in right frontal lobe. Microsurgery of brain AVM resection was performed. After 5-minute-preoxygenation, anaesthetic induction was performed by using propofol, fentanyl, rocuronium, and sevoflurane. The surgery went successfully using a combination of dexmedetomidine-sevoflurane 0.5MAC. Post-anaesthesia hemodynamic of this patient was in stable and without new neurologic deficit afterward.
Tatalaksana Anestesi Posisi Telungkup pada Pasien Pediatrik yang Menjalani Prosedur Reseksi dan Rekonstruksi Human Tail
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Riau Arifin Achmad General Hospital Pekanbaru Riau, Ikhsan Nur Alta , Satriyanto M. Dwi , Sofirina Harahap Yustisia
Published: November 2021

Human tail or additional tail is an unusual malformation and is divided into true tails and pseudotails (lipoma, teratoma, fetal parasitic mylomeningocele). Human tail is associated with spinal dysraphism. Myelomeningocele is spinal dysraphism in which the spinal cord and its contents herniate through a bone defect. congenital to the posterior element. The surgical management of MMC poses challenges, not only to the implementation of anesthesia but also to provide perioperative care depending on the pediatric age group, comorbid conditions, and associated systemic disorders. Anesthesia for the MMC in the lumbosacral region was performed in the prone position. Changing the patient's position to the prone position is a critical maneuver. Complications that occur due to the wrong prone position can cause morbidity and some cases cause mortality so that anesthesia with the prone position must be well understood to avoid the risks and complications that can occur. A 5 year old girl with myelomeninocele will undergo a resection and reconstruction procedure in a prone position. The hemodynamic status during the procedure which lasted 3 hours was quite stable with a hemorrhage of about 10cc. After surgery, patients were treated for 1 day in PICU and ward for 3 days.
Penanganan Trigeminocardiac Reflex (TCR) selama Anestesi untuk Bedah Saraf
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, Yulianti Bisri Dewi
Published: November 2021

Trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is a unique brain stem reflex that manifests as negative cardio-respiratory perturbations. The trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is defined as the sudden onset of parasympathetic dysrhythmia, sympathetic hypotension, apnea, or gastric hypermotility during stimulation of any of the sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve. Clinically, the TCR has been reported in all the surgical procedures in which a structure innervated by the trigeminal nerve is involved. This reflex is largely reported in skull base surgeries/interventions; however, in recent times, it has been also linked with many neurosurgical, neurointerventional procedures, non-neurosurgical and non-surgical conditions. This reflex presents with many cardiovascular changes that can create catastrophic complications, worse outcome as well as diagnostic dilemmas. Although, there is an abundant literature with reports of incidences and risk factors of the TCR; the physiological significance and function of this brainstem reflex has not yet been fully elucidated. In addition, there are complexities within the TCR that requires examination and clarification. If a CTR occurs, it can risk factor identification and modification, depth of anesthesia assessment, prophylactic treatment with either vagolytic agents or peripheral nerve block in case of peripheral manipulations of the nerve, careful cardiovascular monitoring during anesthesia, especially in those with a risk factor for TCR, treatment of the condition when it occurs: cessation of the manipulation, and administration of vagolytic agents and adrenaline. Therefore, this narrative review intends to elaborate on its mechanisms, definition, pathophysiology, manifestations, diagnosis and management.
Prevalence, distribution, and clinical associations of suspected postictal changes on brain magnetic resonance imaging in epileptic dogs
Authors: Maeso Christian , Sánchez-Masian Daniel , Ródenas Sergio , Font Cristina , Morales Carles , Domínguez Elisabet , Puig Jordi , Arévalo-Serrano Juan , Montoliu Patrícia
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine the prevalence of presumed postictal changes (PC) on brain MRI in epileptic dogs, describe their distribution, and recognize possible correlations with different epilepsy features.

ANIMALS

540 client-owned dogs with epilepsy and a complete medical record that underwent brain MRI at 4 veterinary referral hospitals between 2016 and 2019.

PROCEDURES

Data were collected regarding signalment, seizure type, seizure severity, time between last seizure and MRI, and etiological classification of epilepsy. Postictal changes were considered when solitary or multiple intraparenchymal hyperintense lesions were observed on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images and were hypointense or isointense on T1-weighted sequences, which were not confined to a vascular territory and showed no to mild mass effect and no to mild contrast enhancement.

RESULTS

Sixty-seven dogs (12.4%) showed MRI features consistent with PC. The most common brain sites affected were the piriform lobe, hippocampus, temporal neocortex, and cingulate gyrus. Dogs having suffered cluster seizures or status epilepticus were associated with a higher probability of occurrence of PC, compared to dogs with self-limiting seizures (OR 2.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.33 to 4.30). Suspected PC were detected both in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy and in those with structural epilepsy. Dogs with unknown-origin epilepsy were more likely to have presumed PC than were dogs with structural (OR 0.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.06 to 0.33) or idiopathic epilepsy (OR 0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.20 to 0.87). Time between last seizure and MRI was significantly shorter in dogs with PC.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

MRI lesions consistent with PC were common in epileptic dogs, and the brain distribution of these lesions varied. Occurrence of cluster seizures or status epilepticus, diagnosis of unknown origin epilepsy, and lower time from last seizure to MRI are predictors of suspected PC.
The Use of Inhaled Epoprostenol for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary due to COVID-19: A Case Series
Authors: Imtiaz Komal , Jodeh Wade , Sudekum Dave , DiGiovine Bruno , Hecht Jason
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Inhaled epoprostenol (iEpo) is a pulmonary vasodilator used to treat refractory respiratory failure, including that caused by Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.

Aim of Study

To describe the experience at three teaching hospitals using iEpo for severe respiratory failure due to COVID-19 and evaluate its efficacy in improving oxygenation.

Methods

Fifteen patients were included who received iEpo, had confirmed COVID-19 and had an arterial blood gas measurement in the 12 hours before and 24 hours after iEpo initiation.

Results

Eleven patients received prone ventilation before iEpo (73.3%), and six (40%) were paralyzed. The partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F ratio) improved from 95.7 mmHg to 118.9 mmHg (p=0.279) following iEpo initiation. In the nine patients with severe ARDS, the mean P/F ratio improved from 66.1 mmHg to 95.7 mmHg (p=0.317). Ultimately, four patients (26.7%) were extubated after an average of 9.9 days post-initiation.

Conclusions

The findings demonstrated a trend towards improvement in oxygenation in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Although limited by the small sample size, the results of this case series portend further investigation into the role of iEpo for severe respiratory failure associated with COVID-19.
PREDIKSI EROSI PADA LAHAN PETANI AGROFORESTRI DI DAS CILIWUNG HULU PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Fitri Rini
Published: November 2021

Erosi tanah pada lahan petani agroforestri di Daerah Aliran Sungai Ciliwung Hulu Provinsi Jawa Barat disebabkan oleh penggunaan lahan tanpa teknik konservasi tanah dan air serta pola tanam monokultur. Keberadaan agroforestri di dalam suatu DAS akan membentuk peran stabilitas lereng yang juga memungkinkan penurunan erosi. Penelitian ini di laksanakan  April 2016 sampai Agustus 2016 pada lahan agroforestri petani di DAS Ciliwung Hulu Provinsi Jawa Barat, secara administrasi termasuk ke wilayah kabupaten Bogor dan Kota Bogor. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memprediksi erosi tanah pada lahan petani agroforestri di DAS Ciliwung Hulu Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan prediksi erosi dengan model Universal Soil Loss Equation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prediksi erosi tanah pada penggunaan lahan agroforestri di Sub DAS Ciliwung Hulu Provinsi Jawa Barat paling rendah berkisar 3.31 ton/ha/thn sedangkan erosi tanah tertinggi terjadi di Sub DAS Ciesek yaitu 972.31 ton/ha/thn. Erosi tanah ini di prediksi pada tujuh sub DAS di DAS Ciliwung Hulu Provinsi Jawa Barat yaitu Sub DAS Cisuren, Sub DAS Ciliwung Hulu, Sub DAS Cisukabirus, Sub DAS DAS Ciesek, Sub DAS Cisarua, Sub DAS Ciseseupan dan Sub DAS Cibalok.
Pengaruh Khitosan dan Media Campuran terhadap Pertumbuhan Semai Pisang Raja Bulu Raja bulu (Musa paradisiaca L var. sapientum)
Authors: Rosdiana Rosdiana , Gustia Helfi
Published: November 2021

The productivity of banana, as priority fruit, is still low due to lack of good quality seedling. The research aim was to know the effect of chitosan application, mixed media and an interaction between mixed media with the chitosan on seedling growth of “raja bulu” banana. The research designed was a complete randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was the mixed soil, cow manure and rice husk charcoal and the second factor was chitosan at a concentration of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 ml L-1. Observed parameters were height, diameter, leaf number and biomass of seedling. The chitosan concentration at 4 ml L-1 gave the highest growth on the height (41.2 cm), leaf number (4.2 leaf plant-1) and dry weight (5.44 gr plant-1) raja bulu banana seedling. The mixed media of soil, cow manure with rice husk charcoal resulted in the highest growth of seedling height (46.6 cm), leaf number (5.2 leaf plant-1), dry weight (5.4 gr plant-1).  Both chitosan applications and mixed media did not give significantly effect on the seedling diameter. The interaction between the mixture media with the application of chitosan did not significantly different on vegetative growth and seedling biomass.
Evaluation of Land Capability for Agroforestry Development in Ciliwung Watershed
Authors: Fitri Rini
Published: November 2021

Evaluation of Land Capability for Agroforestry Development in Ciliwung Watershed 1Rini Fitri, 2Nuraida, 3Eka Rahmi1Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Almuslim University,2Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Almuslim University,3Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Almuslim University,Jl. Almuslim Bireuen 24263, Aceh Indonesia*Corresponding author: rinnie_fitrie@yahoo.co.id Abstract Land conversion is one cause of damage to watersheds (DAS), leading to a complex problem physically, economically and socially in the upper and lower watershed. Upper Ciliwung watershed is classified as watershed of which its carrying capacity is restored as it has indicator qualification of high until very high and it is important to be handled. This study was aimed to analyze the cability of upper Ciliwung watershed area for the development of sustainable agroforestry. The units of land use (SPL) used for intensive observation were as many as 60 units of land use spread over seven (7) sub-watershed, namely sub-watershed of Cibalok, Cisuren, Ciliwung, Ciesek, Cisukabirus, Cisarua and Ciseseupan. The unit of land use of which its land capability class was analyzed included the use of shrub land, open land and dry land agriculture. The unit of land use will be used as a recommendation for the use of agroforestry in upper Ciliwung watershed. The results showed that the land capability class in the upper Ciliwung watershed consisted of land capability class II, covering an area of 329.7 ha (23.92%), capability class III of 464.8 ha (33.72%) and capability class IV of 584 ha (42.36%). Land use of upper Ciliwung watershed was dominated by class III with dominant obstacle factor namely bumpy slope. Analysis of land capability on shrubland, open land, and dry land agriculture which spread over the unit of land use in the area of upper Ciliwung watershed was generally recommended for land use of agroforestry-agrisilvopasture and agroforestry-agrisilviculture.Keywords: Land capability, land use, agroforestry, upper Ciliwung Watershed
Pengaruh Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu Terhadap Mortalitas Ulatgrayak (Spodoptera litura F.)
Authors: Mega Endhy Nura Prassetia , Supriyatdi Dedi , Sudirman Albertus
Published: November 2021

Ulatgrayak (Spodoptera litura F., Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) adalah hama daun yang menghambat tanaman karena mengandung polifag. Kisaran tanaman yang menyebabkan S. litura sebagai hama utama di berbagai jenis tanaman seperti perkebunan, buah, sayuran, tanaman pangan. Rentang tembakau, kol, ubi jalar, kentang, kedelai, dan lainnya. Serangan S. litura dengan menempelkan daun sampai epidermis tipis keluar pada permukaan daun dan tulang daun. Tumbuhan yang dapat dijadikan bahan baku insektisida nabati adalah buah noni matang (Morinda citrifolia L.). Insektisida adalah campuran kimia atau kimia yang digunakan untuk mengendalikan hama tanaman (OPT). Insektisida digunakan sebagai cara untuk mengendalikan hama dan menyelamatkan tanaman. Untuk mengatasinya, diperlukan alternatif lain untuk menggunakan insektisida sintetis, dengan mempertimbangkan beberapa efek negatif lingkungan. Salah satu efek negatif lain dari insektisida sintetik adalah bahwa akan ada resistensi terhadap hama S. litura terhadap insektisida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari potensi besar buah noni sebagai insektisida tanaman dalam pergerakan hama S. litura dan alat ukur terbaik dari insektisida nabati ini. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Tumbuhan, Departemen Budidaya Tanaman, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, pada Oktober 2018 hingga Desember 2018. Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 ulangan. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah buah noni matang. Insektisida nabati dibuat dari ekstrak buah mengkudu dalam mengendalikan hama S. litura dan konsentrasi terbaik terjadi pada P1 dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 100%.
HUBUNGAN HARA K - Mg DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KADAR HARA DAUN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)
Authors: Wahyuni Mardiana , Manurung Wira Astri
Published: November 2021

Keberhasilan pembibitan adalah salah satu hal penting dalam bisnis perkebunan kelapa sawit. Pemberian pupuk sangat bermanfaat guna meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit kelapa sawit serta meningkatkan daya tahan tanaman terhadap serangan penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh antagonis pupuk K-Mg terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit serta mengetahui dosis optimal, dan hubungan korelasi pupuk K-Mg. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua faktor yaitu pupuk K yaitu K0 (0 gr/polybag), K1 (60 gr/polybag), K2 (120 gr/polybag); pupuk Mg yaitu Mg0 (0 gr/polybag), Mg1 (60 gr/polybag), Mg2 (120gr/polybag). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pemberian pupuk K tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan lingkar batang, berat kering akar dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Pemberian pupuk Mg tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumalah daun, lingkar batang, berat kering akar, berat kering tajuk. Dosis terbaik adalah K2Mg1. Korelasi K dan Mg yaitu Y = -1,908x + 5,293 dengan koefisien determinasi 0,158 dan koefisien korelasi 0,39.
EFEKTIFITAS MOLUKISIDA MINYAK SIRIH SIRIH DAN LEMONGGRAS TERHADAP HAMA KEONG MAS PADA TANAMAN PADI
Authors: Idris Herwita , Nurmansyah Nurmansyah
Published: November 2021

ABSTRAKMinat masyarakat Indonesia dalam menggunakan pestisida nabati terus meningkatsehingga perkembangan penelitian mengenai pestisida nabati sangat prospektif, walaupun dayakerja pestisida nabati agak lambat dan memerlukan frekuensi pemberian lebih banyak, namunefeknya lebih baik bagi lingkungan, karena mudah terurai di alam. Untuk itu telah dilakukanpenelitian efektifitas molukisida nabati berbahan minyak sirih sirihan dan lemongrass terhadaphama keong mas tanaman padi. Penelitian disusun dalam bentuk Rancangan Acak Kelompokdengan 7 perlakuan dan 8 ulangan masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari 15 ekor keong mas denganberat relatif sama. Perlakuan tersebut adalah 1). minyak sirih-sirihan kosentrasi 165 ppm, 2).minyak sirih-sirihan kosentrasi 325 ppm, 3). minyak sirih-sirihan kosentrasi 625 ppm, 4). minyaklemongrass kosentrasi 165 ppm 5). minyak lemongrass kosentrasi 325 ppm, 6). minyaklemongrass kosentrasi 625 ppm dan 7). Sebagai pembanding minyak kayu manis kosentrasi 625ppm, dengan lama waktu perendaman 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa molukisidanabati minyak sirih sirihan pada kosentrasi 325 ppm mampu menghambat makan keong mas danmenyebabkan kematian mencapai 100%, dan juga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif daritanaman padi. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dengan menggunakan molukisida nabati, tidaksaja dapat mengendalikan serangan hama keong mas akan tetapi juga dapat meningkatkanproduksi dari tanaman padi, serta menambah nilai tanaman liar menjadi tanaman yang bernilaiekonomis.ABSTRACTThe interest of Indonesian people in using plant pesticides continues to increase so that thedevelopment of research on plant pesticides is very prospective, although the working power ofplant pesticides is rather slow and requires more frequent administration intervals, but the effect isbetter for the environment. Besides botanical pesticides also have the advantage of being easilydecomposed. For this reason, tests have been carried out on botanical molucicide made fromspiked piper oil and lemongrass against golden apple snail pest with a randomized block designthat is 7 treatments with 8 replications each treatment of 15 golden apple snails with the samerelative weight. The treatment is 1). spiked piper oil concentration of 165 ppm, 2). spiked piper oilconcentration 325 ppm, 3). spiked piper oil, concentration 625 ppm, 4). concentrated lemongrassoil 165 ppm 5). concentration of 325 ppm lemongrass oil, 6). Lemongrass oil concentration of 625ppm and 7). As a comparison of cinnamon oil concentration of 625 ppm, with a soaking time of 24hours. The results showed that botanical spiked piper oil molucides at a concentration of 325 ppmwere able to inhibit the eating of golden apple snails and cause mortality to reach 100%, and alsocould increase the vegetative growth of rice plants. golden apple snail pests, but can also increaseproduction from rice plants, and increase the value of wild plants into economically valuableplants.
KOMPARASI EFEKTIVITAS METODE PENGENDALIAN RAYAP Macrotermes gilvus DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Rafli Muhammad Ali , Madusari Sylvia , Soesatrijo Jojon
Published: November 2021

Macrotermes gilvus merupakan rayap tanah yang berperan sebagai dekomposer bahan organik namun dapat memberikan dampak negatif pada tanaman kelapa sawit karena mengganggu perakaran dan mengakibatkan tanaman tumbang. Tujuan penelitian ini mendapatkan metode pengendalian Macrotermes gilvus yang sesuai dengan indikator efektivitas, di antaranya kondisi sarang setelah pengendalian, keberadaan rayap pada tanaman kelapa sawit di sekitar sarang, waktu pengendalian, dan kebutuhan biaya, melalui komparasi metode pengendalian manual, kimia, dan biologi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di perkebunan kelapa sawit PT XYZ. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif komparatif yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dengan 3 sampel, yaitu pengendalian dengan metode manual, kimia, dan biologi. Metode manual dilakukan dengan cara menghancurkan sarang rayap dengan alat cados. Metode kimia dilakukan dengan menghancurkan sarang dan aplikasi termitisida berbahan aktif Fipronil 50 SC. Metode biologi dilakukan dengan melubangi sarang kemudian menginfeksi koloni dengan jamur Metarhizium anisopliae. Hasil pengendalian metode manual, sarang setelah dikendalikan tetap mengalami pertumbuhan volume, biaya Rp 19.413,-/sarang, dan waktu 14 menit/sarang. Pengendalian metode kimia, sarang setelah dikendalikan tidak mengalamai pertumbuhan volume, biaya Rp 36.331,-/sarang, dan waktu 28 menit/sarang. Pengendalian metode biologi, volume sarang tetap mengalami pertumbuhan, biaya Rp 28.505,-/sarang, dan waktu pengendalian 25 menit/sarang.