bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) Reaction Mechanism: Computational and other Studies
Authors: Teixeira Carla , Sousa Sergio , Burke Anthony J
Published: April 2024

The flavonoid family is a diverse family of natural phenolic compounds, with multiple biological properties. Both flavonols and aurones and their derivatives are key flavonoid compounds. These molecules traditionally have been obtained through the classical Algar, Flynn and Oyamada (AFO) reaction by treatment of 2’-hydroxychalcones with alkaline hydrogen peroxide. The mechanism is controversial, with indications of the formation of an epoxide intermediate when there is a substituent in the 6’-position (giving aurones and other benzofuran-2-one derivatives), and in the case of the 6’-substituted substratesan oxidative cyclization (directly or step-wise) involving no epoxide intermediates to give flavanols (Dean and Podimuang mechanism). In this paper, the mechanism of this reaction was studied computationally (DFT calculations) and the results indicated that for the unsubstituted systems the Dean and Podimuang mechanism is favoured both kinetically and thermodynamically, but in the case of the substituted systems, although the former mechanism is again favoured kinetically, both mechanisms show similar energies at the thermodynamic level, indicating that both the Dean and Podimuang mechanism and the epoxide forming pathway may operate in parallel. Interestingly, the calculations indicated an unexpected electrophilic hydroperoxide epoxidation route instead of a nucleophilic epoxidation route. Modified AFO conditions were studied whereby H2O2 was replaced by mCPBA, these experiments afforded mainly flavanone and some AFO products in low yields.
Joyfull victim, Lensky, died: Tatiana's dream and the epigraph of the sixth chapter of Eugene Onegin as the keys to the novel’s knight-plan.
Authors: Кругликов С.Т.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается финальный эпизод сна Татьяны, который неточно предсказывает причину убийства Ленского. Эта неточность позволяет увидеть в Ленском не пассивную жертву, а активную фигуру защитника, что подтверждает контекст эпиграфа из Петрарки, отсылающий к Крестовому походу. Тема «рыцарского простодушия» и героизма пронизывает текст «Онегина» и создает внутренний сюжет «романа на старый лад», в котором жертва Ленского спасает и Татьяну, и Онегина от судьбы романтической героини и обывателя Зарецкого соответственно.

The article examines the final episode of Tatyana's dream, which inaccurately predicts the reason for Lensky's murder. This inaccuracy allows us to see in Lensky not a passive victim, but an active figure of a defender, which is confirmed by the context of the epigraph from Petrarch, which refers to the crusade. The theme of «knightly simplicity» and heroism permeates the text of Onegin and creates the internal plot of the «old-fashion novel», in which Lensky’s sacrifice saves Tatyana from the fate of the romantic heroine and Onegin – from the vulgar Zaretsky’s life.
PUSHKIN'S MOTIFS AND ALLUSIONS IN THE POETRY OF S.S. BEKHTEEV
Authors: Антипина Е.М.
Published: April 2024

С. С. Бехтеев, поэт-эмигрант начала ХХ в., обращается к поэзии А. С. Пушкина на протяжении всего творчества. В статье исследуются литературные и биографические параллели поэта ХХ в. с судьбой Пушкина, пушкинские мотивы и аллюзии в лирике Бехтеева, отношение обоих писателей к поэтическому творчеству. Отдельно проводится анализ стихотворений «Поэт» 1902 г., «Лампада» 1898 г., «Лицей» 1941 г.

S. S. Bekhteev, an emigrant poet of the early twentieth century, refers to the poetry of A. S. Pushkin throughout his work. The article examines the literary and biographical parallels of the poet of the twentieth century with the fate of Pushkin, Pushkin's motives and allusions in the lyrics of Bekhteev, the attitude of both writers to poetic creativity. The analysis of the poems «Poet» in 1902 and «Lampada» in 1898, «Lyceum» in 1941 is carried out separately.
The ethnocultural component in the education of Chinese students in Russian universities
Authors: Черкашина Т.Т. , Левушкина А.М. , Новосад К.Ю.
Published: April 2024

Лингводидактика на каждом этапе развития стремилась к поиску наиболее эффективных методик обучения и формирования коммуникативной компетентности иностранных учащихся. Китайские студенты, не испытывая затруднений в выполнении заданий репродуктивного характера, теряются при выполнении заданий творческих. В условиях активной мобильности современных учащихся, когда многоязычие становится культурной нормой, важное значение приобретает идея поликультурного образования с его опорой на национально-специфические основы моделей обучения и на прагматическую составляющую – овладение студентами знаниями и умениями в продуктивных видах речевой деятельности. В статье представлены результаты эмпирического исследования этнокультурного компонента и поиск эффективных приемов формирования текстуально-диалогической компетентности иностранных учащихся с учетом особенностей китайской модели обучения, опирающейся на конфуцианскую мораль.

At each stage of its development linguodidacticssought to find the most effective methods of teaching and forming the communicative competence of foreign students. Chinese students, having no difficulty in carrying out reproductive tasks, are lost in the performance of creative tasks. With the active mobility of today’s students, where multilingualism has become a cultural norm, the idea of multicultural education based on national-specific learning models and on a pragmatic component – mastering the knowledge and skills of students in creating their own author’s text on the basis of chria is becoming important. The article presents the results of empirical research of ethnocultural component and the search for effective methods of formation textual and dialogical competence of foreign students taking into account the features of the Chinese model of education based on Confucian morality.
A rare case of dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma - Lhermitte Duclos Disease
Authors:   Department of General Medicine, Saveetha Medical College And Hospital, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Rangan Abinaya Srinivasa , Dhanush Balaji S. ,   Department of General Medicine, Saveetha Medical College And Hospital, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Raghunathan E.G. ,   Department of General Medicine, Saveetha Medical College And Hospital, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Prasanna Karthik S. ,   Department of General Medicine, Saveetha Medical College And Hospital, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
Published: April 2024

Lhermitte–Duclos disease (LDD), also known as dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma, is an uncommon hamartomatous lesion found in the cerebellar cortex. First described by French physicians Lhermitte and Duclos in 1920, this condition involves enlarged cerebellar folia containing abnormal ganglion cells. Clinical manifestations typically include headaches, visual disturbances, and cerebellar dysfunction. While imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) scans may indicate the presence of mass lesions, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for accurate delineation of the lesion's boundaries and characterization of tissue involvement. Surgical intervention, typically in the form of respective surgery, remains the cornerstone of treatment for LDD. Despite advancements in imaging technologies and surgical techniques, the management of LDD remains fraught with complexities. The prognosis can be variable, and in some cases, despite appropriate therapeutic interventions guided by MRI-assisted surgical planning and confirmation through CT screening, the outcome may be unfavorable, as observed in this instance with the demise of the 50-year-old male patient. Further research and a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology underlying LDD are imperative to enhance diagnostic accuracy, refine treatment modalities, and potentially improve patient outcomes. This case underscores the challenges in managing this rare neurological condition and highlights the need for continued exploration into more effective therapeutic avenues.
Isolated traumatic retroclival interdural hematoma causing craniocervical instability: A case report of pathology in a rare location and literature review
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India, Sharma Praveen K. , Govindarajan B.R. ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India, Ramakrishnan Karthik Krishna ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India, Subramonian Sakthi Ganesh ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India, Sharmeela S. ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Retroclival hematomas (RCH) are a rare entity primarily as a post-traumatic phenomenon in the pediatric population. We present a case of Retroclival interdural hematoma in a 12 y/o female with a previous record of craniocervical trauma. A RCH is identified initially by CT and easily overlooked. MRI cervical spine to evaluate the Tectorial membrane and other craniocervical ligaments integrity. Case report. A 12-year-old female presented with bilateral abducens nerve palsies and a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 13 following a high-speed motor vehicle accident. Initial CT brain revealed an infra-tentorial extra-axial focal hyperdense collection (hemorrhage) along the retroclival region in the interdural space measuring approximately 9 × 29 × 58 mm. Subsequent imaging and evaluations suggested cranio-cervical instability, leading to surgical intervention. Conclusions. Prompt diagnosis of RCH with conservative or surgical management is essential to avoid neurological deficits and mortality. Despite the significant potential for morbidity and mortality, the majority of patients show a benign clinical course with conservative care, underscoring the importance of quick diagnosis and close observation.
Evaluation of the Oxford cognitive screen Indonesian version (OCS-Ina) for assessing cognitive function disorders: validation and reliability study
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Nurdin Ilham , Ramli Yetty ,   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,   “Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo” National Central General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, Lastri Diatri Nari ,   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,   “Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo” National Central General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, Mayza Adre ,   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,   “Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo” National Central General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, Prawiroharjo Pukovisa ,   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,   “Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo” National Central General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia,   Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Published: April 2024

Background and objectives. The Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS) is a valuable tool for assessing cognitive function, particularly in the context of aphasia and neglect. This study aims to assess the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of OCS (OCS-INA), which has been adapted and translated following WHO guidelines. Materials and methods. The adaptation and translation process of OCS, in accordance with WHO guidelines, preceded the validity and reliability testing of OCS-INA. The study included participants aged 18 years and above with normal cognitive function, as assessed by the Moca-INA. Data collection took place in social institutions and healthcare facilities that met the specified inclusion criteria. Results. Among the 104 participants meeting the inclusion criteria, a majority were male (51.92%), with ages ranging from 20 to 87 years, and the highest age group being above 60 years (60%). Most participants had a high school education level (35.58%) and were not employed (62.5%). Validity testing, using the Spearman correlation coefficient formula, revealed that the majority of domains had calculated correlation coefficients (r values) exceeding the table values (0.1927). In terms of reliability, the kappa p statistic indicated very good agreement for six examination tasks: semantic (0.874), orientation (0.842), verbal memory (0.822), episodic memory (0.870), and visual field test (1.000). Good agreement scores were obtained for the picture naming test (0.774), sentence reading (0.726), and calculation (0.774). Conclusions. In conclusion, OCS-INA demonstrates both validity and reliability as a screening tool for cognitive impairment. It serves as a valuable complement to existing instruments used for similar purposes.
Relationship between Serum IgA concentration and epileptic seizures in children: A prospective study
Authors:   Pediatric Department, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue city, Vietnam, Ton-Nu Van Anh , Dinh Cong Vu ,   Pediatric Department, Family Hospital, Da Nang, Vietnam, Vo-Thi Le Quyen ,   Pediatric Department, Tam Tri Hospital, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam, Tran Kim Hao ,   Pediatric Center, Hue Center Hospital, Hue city, Vietnam, Nguyen-Thi Diem Chi ,   Pediatric Center, Hue Center Hospital, Hue city, Vietnam, Tran Vinh Phu ,   Pediatric Department, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue city, Vietnam, Le-Thi Dieu Phuong ,   The International Pavilion, Hue National Hospital, Hue city, Vietnam, Mai-Thi Hien Uyen ,   Pediatric Department, Phenikaa University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
Published: April 2024

Purpose. This study investigated the relationship between serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) concentration and epileptic seizures in children. Methods. Pediatric patients with epilepsy were included in this cross-sectional investigation. Serum IgA levels were analyzed using a biochemical analyzer during admission for initial diagnosis before any medical treatment was administered. Results. Among the 94 patients, 19.1% had decreased serum IgA levels, with a median value of 0.57 g/L. No significant relationship existed between serum IgA concentration and gender, age, epilepsy type, seizure duration or epilepsy waves. Children with low IgA levels experienced more spastic episodes and had a higher seizure frequency compared to those without decreased IgA levels. Changes in serum IgA levels were significantly associated with seizure frequency after three months of treatment. Initially, the occurrence of seizures in the low IgA group was 10.5 times lower than in the non-low IgA group, but, after three months, the low IgA group had a significantly higher seizure rate (72.2%) compared to the non-low IgA group (19.7%). After six months, the low IgA group had a higher proportion of children without seizures (100% versus 84.8%), although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Serum IgA concentration plays a crucial role in diagnosing and predicting outcomes for pediatric epilepsy.
Unveiling the sources of English speaking anxiety of a vocational school student: A narrative study
Authors: Mentari Mentari , Abid Abid , Bay Indri Wirahmi
Published: April 2024

The primary aim of this study is to explore the sources of English-speaking anxiety and ascertain the learners’ future expectations regarding his English language proficiency. The study was conducted at a vocational school in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, using a narrative inquiry design. A 10th-grade student from the Hospitality and Tourism Industry class was purposively invited to participate voluntarily. Data was collected through semi-structured interview and analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that sources of the student’ anxiety when speaking English included a lack of English vocabulary capacity and a lack of exposure to English as oral communication. Furthermore, the findings show that the student’s future expectation of learning English as a foreign language in the classroom include becoming familiar with speaking English and to be able to talk to foreign guests without being nervous. This study highlights the need for further investigations into effective strategies to facilitate students’ efforts in speaking English comfortably.
Examining university students’ perceptions on the implementation of Board Game in English speaking class
Authors: Maranatha I Gusti Putu
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to explore university students’ perceptions of the implementation of board games. It sought to address the following research question: What are English Department students’ perceptions of the implementation of board games in English speaking classes? The study focused on Class E, the 2016 cohort, within an English Education Program at a university in Gorontalo. A qualitative approach was employed, and data were collected through questionnaires and supported by interviews. The study revealed that the English Department students’ perceptions were group into three main themes: learning excitement, playing the board game, and board game benefits. The students reported that learning excitement was triggered by the enjoyable feeling when learning because they can express their ideas freely with their friends, interesting features of the game such as the colors variation that psychologically influence them, also the varied topics that could enhance students’ vocabulary. Playing the board game also got positive responses from the participants, as they reported that playing the board game they need to work together. More than that, they said to win the game is not the main goal, but practice to speak in English properly and help their friends who have lack proficiency is the main point. The participants also reported the benefits of the game, they felt that they could learn English speaking skill easier than before because they felt not forced to study and learning in relax situation could increase their motivation in learning English speaking skill. This study suggests that teachers may want to consider using board game as a media to teach English.
Utilising YouTube to Facilitate English Speaking Skills Improvement among EFL Learners
Authors: Melisa Melisa , Abid Abid , Muhamad Farid
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to explore how students utilize YouTube as a virtual platform for developing English- speaking skills. A qualitative approached was used to capture the experiences of three participants in English Department discussing how YouTube improved their English-speaking skills. To analyse data, a thematic analysis was employed. The findings revealed three major themes, namely employing self- directed learning approach, engaging with videos for active learning, and receiving diverse content exposure for language enrichment. These shed light on the many ways that YouTube helps students improve their English speaking skills and advance our understanding of how students use the platform for foreign language learning.
WORKING COLLABORATIVELY IN PROVING GEOMETRY PROBLEMS TO ENHANCE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS' COMMUNICATION OF MATHEMATICAL THINKING
Authors: MOCHAMAD CHOLILY YUS , FARIDA JAMIL ANIS , DINTARINI MAYANG , DWI AGUSTIN RIRIN
Published: April 2024

Belajar matematika tidak berasal dari pemahaman individu saja tetapi karena kolaborasi dengan orang lain. Itu terjadi ketika mereka berkomunikasi satu sama lain. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Collaborative Problem-Solving (CPS) terhadap komunikasi matematis siswa dan menganalisis komunikasi matematis siswa melalui CPS. Tiga puluh siswa menjadi peserta penelitian dan dibagi menjadi 15 kelompok sehingga satu kelompok terdiri dari dua orang. Bekerja sama dengan rekannya, siswa menyelesaikan tugas pembuktian geometri secara berpasangan. Pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mencapai masing-masing dua tujuan penelitian. Rubrik penilaian tingkat komunikasi matematis dikembangkan untuk mengetahui komunikasi matematis siswa. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan melalui wawancara dan hasil jawaban kelompok. Kelompok yang dipilih adalah yang mengalami peningkatan signifikan komunikasi matematis, nilai standar deviasi tertinggi, dan komunikasi yang baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan tingkat komunikasi matematis siswa pada setiap pertemuan ketika siswa secara kolaboratif menyelesaikan soal pembuktian geometri. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan kelompok CPS akan lebih baik bila anggota kelompok memiliki kemampuan matematika yang setara.
A Tipologia ocupacional Erikson-Goldthorpe-Portocarero : uma avaliação analítica e empírica
Authors: Carvalhaes Flavio
Published: April 2024

Na literatura contemporânea da área temática da sociologia da estratificação social, há um questionamento sobre a relevância do conceito de classe para a compreensão de como se estruturam as desigualdades sociais (Pakulski e Waters, 1996), ou de forma mais amena, mas igualmente crítica, uma forte contestação das operacionalizações convencionais do conceito de classe (Grusky e Weeden, 2008). Neste trabalho, desejamos contribuir para o debate a partir do ponto de vista de como o contexto brasileiro fornece ideias sobre as potencialidades e os limites da discussão.
Fundamentos e aplicações de uma tipologia de classes para o Brasil
Authors: Santos José Alcides Figueiredo
Published: April 2024

A classificação de classes sociais é um instrumento importante para acompanhar mudanças na estrutura social, entender os fatores que influenciam o estado social e avaliar o impacto de políticas sociais e econômicas nos diversos grupos. Ela reflete os processos sistêmicos, institucionais e organizacionais da sociedade capitalista, fornecendo uma visão mais precisa e abrangente dos limites e oportunidades enfrentados pelas pessoas. Baseada na estrutura do emprego, essa classificação considera os recursos que alguém possui e suas práticas sociais para alcançar bem-estar socioeconômico. O objetivo é teoricamente delinear os determinantes dos resultados, indo além de simples descrições distributivas, e oferecer uma base explicativa para os padrões e mudanças observados na realidade.
Grupos ocupacionais na PNAD Brasil (2002-2015) : mudanças e pistas para um mapa de classes a partir da renda
Authors: Viana André Rego
Published: April 2024

Este capítulo tem por objetivo retomar, ampliar e aprofundar a apresentação e a problematização dos dados obtidos na pesquisa do projeto do Ipea intitulado Dinâmica Econômica, Mudanças Sociais e Novas Pautas de Políticas Públicas. Nesse sentido, pretendemos mostrar como os dados que vêm sendo trabalhados nessa pesquisa indicam como mudanças na participação da renda entre os diversos grupos socioeconômicos – e em decorrência das classes sociais por estes compostas – podem ajudar a explicar a trajetória política recente do país. Concluímos em trabalho anterior que os dados corroboram a hipótese de Singer (2015; 2018), segundo o qual, especialmente a partir do primeiro mandato da presidente Dilma Rousseff, as políticas redistributivas adotadas nos mandatos presidenciais do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) de fato “cutucaram onças com varas curtas” (Gonçalves et al. 2021, p. 18). Em resumo, a ideia é a de que o pacto desenvolvimentista e a coalização que apoiou o reformismo fraco do PT, particularmente a partir do segundo governo de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, foram erodidos – embora não somente por essa causa – pelo acirramento do conflito distributivo na estrutura de classes da sociedade brasileira, o que contribuiu para o ressurgimento, na boa expressão de Magalhães (2015), de um pacto antidistributivista.
Drug Dosage Control System Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Lakshmi P. Adi , Kolipakula Anitha , Saran Atchukolu Sathvik , Manikanta Abburi Rudra , Chadalavada Bhargavi
Published: April 2024

This project introduces a pioneering approach for optimizing drug dosage control strategies through the utilization of reinforcement learning (RL), a sophisticated subset of machine learning techniques. The core objective is to dynamically adjust drug dosages in real-time based on patient responses, thereby maximizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing potential adverse effects. By integrating reinforcement learning algorithms, including Q-learning, Deep Q-Networks (DQN), and actor-critic methods, the system learns from patient data to make precise dosage adjustments considering individual patient characteristics, disease progression, and response to treatment. The framework promises to revolutionize personalized medicine by providing tailored drug dosages, enhancing treatment outcomes, and ensuring patient safety. The project's scope covers not only the development and implementation of this innovative RL- based system but also addresses significant challenges such as model interpretability, scalability, and regulatory compliance, ensuring its practical applicability in healthcare settings. Through this work, we aim to bridge the gap between conventional drug prescription methodologies and the potential for personalized, optimized care, making a substantial contribution to the advancement of healthcare systems.
Object Detection Using CNN
Authors: Naidu P.Bhaskar , Anusha Pulakanam , Naveena Gothula , Anusha Thota , Balaji Chimakurthi
Published: April 2024

Object detection system using Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) that can accurately identify and classify objects in videos. The purpose of object detection using CNN to enhance technology such as security cameras, smart devices by enabling them to identify and understand objects in videos. Object detection using CNN is a fascinating filed in computer vision. Detection can be difficult since there are all kinds of variations in orientation, lighting, background that can result in completely different videos of the very same object. Now with the advance of deep learning and neural network, we can finally tackle such problems without coming up with various heuristics real-time. The project “Object detection using CNN for video streaming” detects objects efficiently based on CNN algorithm and apply the algorithm on image or video data. In this project, we develop a technique to identify an object considering the deep learning pre-trained model MobileNet for Single Shot Multi-Box Detector (SSD). This algorithm is used for real-time detection and for webcam, which detects the objects in a video stream. Therefore, we use an object detection module that can detect what is in the video stream. In order to implement the module, we combine the MobileNet and the SSD framework for a fast and efficient deep learning-based method of object detection. The main purpose of our research is to elaborate the accuracy of an object detection method SSD and the importance of pre-trained deep learning model MobileNet. The experimental results show that the Average Precision (AP) of the algorithm to detect different classes as car, person and chair is 99.76%, 97.76% and 71.07%, respectively. The main objective of our project is to make clear the object detecting accuracy. The existing methods are Region Based Convolutional Neural Network(R-CNN) and You Only Look Once(YOLO).R-CNN could not pushed real time speed though its system is updated and new versions of it are deployed and YOLO network is popular but YOLO is to struggle to detect objects grouped close together, especially smaller ones. To avoid the drawbacks of these methods we proposed this model which included single shot multi-box detector (SSD), this algorithm is used for real time detection and Mobile-Net architecture.
Decentralized Wallet Application using Blockchain
Authors: Choudhary Khetesh , Dhanse Afiya , Dubey Mandavi , Kushwaha Yash , Ingle Anand
Published: April 2024

Decentralized applications (DApps) are gaining significant traction due to the widespread adoption and development of blockchain technology. These applications receive substantial funding through crowdfunding, reflecting the growing interest in their potential. Despite this, there remains ambiguity surrounding their definitions, architectures, and classifications. This survey seeks to address these gaps by offering a comprehensive exploration of DApps for further investigation. Decentralized Applications, are software programs that typically include front-end interfaces, smart contracts for automation, and decentralized protocols for data storage and communication. Analyzing popular DApps reveals their varied functionalities, advantages, and challenges, showcasing the potential for decentralized technologies to reshape industries. Lastly, the survey outlines recent research problems concerning DApps, focusing on economics, security, and performance. It identifies promising avenues for future research in this domain.
Electron Densities of Transition Region Loops Derived from IRIS O iv Spectral Data
Authors: Liang Shiyu , Wang Ziyuan , Huang Zhenghua , Wei Hengyuan , Fu Hui , Xiong Ming , Xia Lidong
Published: April 2024

Loops are fundamental structures in the magnetized atmosphere of the Sun. Their physical properties are crucial for understanding the nature of the solar atmosphere. Transition region loops are relatively dynamic and their physical properties have not yet been fully understood. With spectral data of the line pair of O iv 1399.8 Å and 1401.2 Å (

T

max

=
1.4
×

10

5

K) of 23 transition region loops obtained by IRIS, we carry out the first systematic analyses to their loop lengths (L), electron densities (n

e
), and effective temperatures. We found electron densities, loop lengths, and effective temperatures of these loops are in the ranges of 8.9 × 109–3.5 × 1011 cm−3, 8–30 Mm, and 1.9 × 105–1.3 × 106 K, respectively. At a significant level of 90%, regression analyses show that the relationship between electron densities and loop lengths is n

e
[cm−3] ∝ (L[Mm])−0.78±0.42, while the dependences of electron densities on effective temperatures and that on the line intensities are not obvious. These observations demonstrate that transition region loops are significantly different than their coronal counterparts. Further studies on the theoretical aspect based on the physical parameters obtained here are of significance for understanding the nature of transition region loops.
Justin Schmidt’s originality
Authors: Starr Christopher K. , Jacobson Robert S. , Overal William L.
Published: April 2024

The research career of Justin O. Schmidt (1947–2023) is reviewed and assessed. The pioneering nature of his research lay in treating the defensive means and tactics of aculeate hymenoptera and some arachnids as features of their overall anti-predator strategies. He devised methods for comparing the effects of hymenopteran venoms and stings that challenged the assumed correlation between venom potency and the pain that it induces.
Reactive Traffic Congestion Control by Using a Hierarchical Graph
Authors: Idwan Sahar , Zubairi Junaid Ahmed , Haider Syed Ali , Etaiwi Wael
Published: April 2024

Traffic management is one of the major factors in growth strategy formulation in urban centers across the globe. The increasing population and, therefore, the increase in the number of vehicles on roads in urban centers cause congested traffic patterns. These patterns typically emerge on intersections in busy city roads at various times during the day, especially during peak hours. A direct consequence of congestion is the increase in commute time and pollution. This paper presents a hierarchical graph-based congestion control (HGCC) method. Congestion values are set and evaluated as a two-level hierarchical graph. The least congestion path algorithm (LCP)is integrated with the HGCC to compute the optimal route between source and destination. The experimental results for a Manhattan-like grid network, together with the paired-sample t-test, show that the proposed method is efficient in achieving good congestion-avoiding routes.
Genus Erica: An identification aid version 4.00
Authors: Oliver E. G. H. , Forshaw Nigel , Oliver Inge M. , Volk Fritz , Schumann A. W. S. , Dorr Laurence J. , Hoekstra Rendert D. , Musker Seth D. , Nürk Nicolai M. , Pirie Michael D. , Rebelo Anthony G.
Published: April 2024

Species identification is fundamental to all aspects of biology and conservation. The process can be challenging, particularly in groups including many closely related or similar species. The problem is confounded by the absence of an up-to-date taxonomic revision, but even with such a resource all but professional botanists may struggle to recognise key species, presenting a substantial barrier to vital work such as surveys, threat assessments, and seed collection for ex situ conservation. Genus Erica: An Identification Aid is a tool to help both amateurs and professionals identify (using a limited number of accessible characteristics) and find information about the 851 species and many subspecific taxa of the genus Erica. We present an updated version 4.00, with new features including integrating distribution data from GBIF and iNaturalist, links to taxonomic resources through World Flora Online, and a probability function for identifications, that is freely available for PCs. It remains a work in progress: We discuss routes forward for collaboratively improving this resource.
A taxonomic study of Cheiloneurus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) from China
Authors: Wang Haiyang , Cui Wenyu , Xi Chunxiang , Cao Xinyu , Li Weiqiong , Zu Guohao
Published: April 2024

Fourteen species of Cheiloneurus from China are studied. Cheiloneurus guangxiensis Zu, sp. nov., is described as new to science, and C. boldyrevi Trjapitzin & Agekyan, 1978, C. bouceki Anis & Hayat, 2002, C. gonatopodis Perkins, 1906, and C. hadrodorys Anis & Hayat, 2002 are newly recorded from China. A key to Chinese species based on females is also presented.
Clavigeritae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae) of the Arabian Peninsula with the description of a new species of Corynotopsis Jeannel, 1951 from Oman
Authors: Hlaváč Peter , Baňař Petr , Stočes Dominik
Published: April 2024

Corynotopsis omanicussp. nov. of the myrmecophilous supertribe Clavigeritae is described from Oman. The type series was collected at night and the ant host species remains unknown. Corynotopsis scotti Jeannel, 1951 is newly recorded for Yemen, and Commatocerus concinnus Besuchet & Cuccodoro, 2011 for Oman. Lasius Fabricius, 1804 and Lepisiota Santschi, 1926 are, for the first time, determined as hosts of the latter species. The problematic taxonomic status of Corynotopsis scotti is discussed. A distribution map of all Clavigeritae known from the Arabian Peninsula is provided.
Simplicial decomposition of variational inequalities with multiple nonlinear column generation
Authors: Chung William
Published: April 2024

Simplicial decomposition (SD) of variational inequalities experiences the long-tail convergence property. That is, the equilibrium solution rapidly progresses at first but then tails off, making only a tiny amount of progress per column generation iteration, which is a drawback of SD-VI. In the context of Dantzig-Wolfe of LP, it is reported that the more proposals are used to initialize the algorithm, the faster the solution can be found by reducing the number of decomposition steps. Therefore, I proposed to solve multiple nonlinear column generation (mNCG) subproblems in each SD-VI iteration (SD-VI-mNCG) instead of solving only one subproblem as in SD-VI. Generating multiple column generation subproblem solutions in each SD-VI iteration enabled the corresponding convex hull to be rapidly enlarged. Consequently, the number of SD-VI iterations could be greatly reduced. A transportation network equilibrium problem was used to study the performance of the SD-VI-mNCG.
Regularity and uniqueness of 3D compressible magneto-micropolar fluids
Authors: Zhang Mingyu
Published: April 2024

This article established the global existence and uniqueness of solutions for the 3D compressible magneto-micropolar fluid system with vacuum. The remarkable thing is that in the context of small initial energy, we got a new result with a lower regularity than we ever have before.
On the meromorphic continuation of the Mellin transform associated to the wave kernel on Riemannian symmetric spaces of the non-compact type
Authors: Hassani Ali
Published: April 2024

We considered the Mellin transform assigned to the convolution wave kernel associated to the Laplace-Beltrami operator on higher rank Riemannian symmetric spaces of the non-compact type. The occurrence of the analyticity strip of this transform can be deduced directly from the pointwise kernel estimates. Using the zeta function techniques, we established its meromorphic extension to the entire complex plane $ {{\Bbb C}} $ with simple poles on the real line.
Existence of solution for fractional differential equations involving symmetric fuzzy numbers
Authors: Sarwar Muhammad , Jamal Noor , Abodayeh Kamaleldin , Hleili Manel , Sitthiwirattham Thanin , Promsakon Chanon
Published: April 2024

Linear correlated fractional fuzzy differential equations (LCFFDEs) are one of the best tools for dealing with physical problems with uncertainty. The LCFFDEs mostly do not have unique solutions, especially if the basic fuzzy number is symmetric. The LCFFDEs of symmetric basic fuzzy numbers extend to the new system by extension and produce many solutions. The existing literature does not have any criteria to ensure the existence of unique solutions to LCFFDEs. In this study, we will explore the main causes of the extension and the unavailability of unique solutions. Next, we will discuss the existence and uniqueness conditions of LCFFDEs by using the concept of metric fixed point theory. For the useability of established results, we will also provide numerical examples and discuss their unique solutions. To show the authenticity of the solutions, we will also provide 2D and 3D plots of the solutions.
Innovative approaches to fractional modeling: Aboodh transform for the Keller-Segel equation
Authors: Al-Rashidi Nader
Published: April 2024

This study focuses on developing efficient numerical techniques for solving the fractional Keller-Segel (KS) model, which is critical in explaining chemotaxis events. Within the Caputo operator framework, the study applied two unique methodologies: The Aboodh residual power series method (ARPSM) and the Aboodh transform iteration method (ATIM). These approaches were used to find precise solutions to the fractional KS equation, resulting in a better understanding of chemotactic behavior in biological systems. The comparative examination of the ARPSM and ATIM revealed their distinct strengths and applications in solving complicated fractional models. The work advances numerical approaches for fractional differential equations and improves our understanding of chemotaxis dynamics using a precise modeling approach.
Effects of exercise, physical activity, and sports on physical fitness in adults with Down syndrome: A systematic review
Authors: Montalva-Valenzuela Felipe , Castillo-Paredes Antonio , Farias-Valenzuela Claudio , Andrades-Ramirez Oscar , Concha-Cisternas Yeny , Guzmán-Muñoz Eduardo
Published: April 2024

This systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of exercise, physical activity, and sports on physical fitness in adults with Down syndrome (DS). A literature search was conducted across four databases EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. The PEDro scale and the Cochrane risk of bias tool were used to assess the quality and risk of the studies, respectively. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42023449627). Of the 423 records initially found, 13 were finally included in the systematic review, in which 349 adults with DS participated. 92% of the articles declared at least one significant difference post-intervention. The available evidence indicates that exercise, physical activity, and sports have a positive effect on some variables of physical fitness, especially strength, balance, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility, and functional capacity. Furthermore, it should be considered as an additional treatment or complementary therapy to improve the functionality and quality of life of adults with DS.
A Large-Scale Study on the Preferred Learning Mode in Higher Education: Which One Suits Me Better in the New Normal?
Authors: Affouneh Saida , Salha Soheil , Agyemang Adarkwah Michael , Tlili Ahmed
Published: April 2024

With the end of school closures due to COVID-19, students had to return to school, where they were exposed to various learning pedagogies while adhering to health restrictions. In this era known as the “new normal,” several organizations, such as UNESCO, have urged the investigation of effective learning strategies and methods to ensure positive learning outcomes. This study aims to investigate students’ preferred learning mode in the new normal. A sequential mixed-methods approach was conducted with 3139 university students. The results revealed that students were divided about their preferred learning mode in the new normal. More than half of them believed that blended and online learning were the future of education, while the rest believed that face-to-face learning was more appropriate.
Exploring Common Game Elements in Serious Game Interventions for Health and Obesity Awareness in Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohd Bazid Noor Izdhora , Ahmad Suzana , Mat Diah Norizan , Buhari Siti Sabariah
Published: April 2024

Obesity is a growing health challenge. Serious game interventions can increase awareness of health and obesity, especially among children, and the effectiveness of these interventions depends on specific game elements. This review aimed to identify the most common game elements in serious game interventions for raising awareness about obesity in children. We conducted a literature search in the ACM digital library, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus databases for serious games designed and developed for obesity or health awareness. The extracted game elements are based on a pyramid with three categories: components, mechanics, and dynamics, according to Werbach and Hunter (2012). Each dimension, or category, consisted of various game elements. 1349 articles were identified. We found 27 game elements distributed across the 17 selected studies. The most common game elements were ‘Points,’ ‘Quests,’ ‘Challenges,’ ‘Feedbacks,’ ‘Constraints,’ ‘Progression,’ ‘Avatar,’ ‘Win States,’ ‘Achievement,’ and ‘Rewards.’ Serious game interventions for health promotion in children include multiple game elements that are crucial in designing and developing a game. The inclusion of these game elements depends on the learning outcomes and the purpose of the game.
L’Afrique dans les « Lettres à Pierre Schaeffer » (1957) et les romans de Victor Jean-Louis Baghio’o, ingénieur de la radio et écrivain d’origine antillaise
Authors: Bertrand Loïc
Published: April 2024

Les lettres de Victor Jean-Louis à Pierre Schaeffer ont été écrites en 1957 durant une mission de l’ingénieur du son Jean-Louis dans plusieurs pays d’Afrique pour le compte de la SORAFOM (Société de radiodiffusion de la France d’outre-mer). Ce tapuscrit inédit constitue un document original qui peut être lu comme une archive de l’histoire de la SORAFOM, offrant une perspective singulière puisque Jean-Louis y critique la puissance coloniale en épousant le point de vue des Africains et des colonisés. Mais ces lettres peuvent aussi être lues comme une source des romans que cet ingénieur d’origine antillaise, fasciné par la représentation de l’Afrique, a publié sous le nom de plume Jean-Louis Baghio’o. Cet article propose une lecture croisée de ces deux aspects.
Des réseaux en temps de guerre
Authors: Dugas Guy
Published: April 2024

Les guerres ont toujours été propices à la création de réseaux de toutes sortes. Cet article est consacré au mouvement “Jeune France” et aux liens qu’il entretint avec les artistes et écrivains d’Afrique du Nord coloniale, notamment Jean Amrouche, Edmond Brua, Armand Guibert, Max-Pol Fouchet, qui, comme M.-P. Fouchet ou A. Guibert, à la suite de la dissolution de ce mouvement, rallièrent des revues de résistance intellectuelle (Fontaine ou Poésie) ou qui, comme Brua, furent au contraire inquiétés à la Libération pour leurs activités dans le cadre de “Jeune France”.
Differences in platelet indices between type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without microvascular complications at Teaching Hospital, Karapitiya
Authors: Gamage V. N. U. , Mohotti M. G. M. , Wickramaratne K. A. C.
Published: April 2024

Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a greater amount of morbidity and mortality due to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Involvement of platelets in vascular complications of diabetes is well known and changes in platelet indices have been identified as predictors of these vascular complications. This study was carried out to determine the changes in platelet indices in patients with T2DM. This was a comparative cross sectional study conducted at Teaching Hospital, Karapitiya. Study subjects included T2DM patients with microvascular complications as study group and T2DM patients without any vascular compli-cations as comparison group. For each group age and sex matched 52 subjects were recruited. Subjects with microvascular complications had mean platelet volume (MPV) of 10.62±0.49fL, platelet distribution width (PDW) of 12.23±1.12fL, plateletcrit (PCT) of 0.28±0.05% and platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) of 29.44±4. Subjects without any vascular complications had MPV of 9.38±0.40fL, PDW of 9.9±1.14fL, PCT of 0.26±0.05% and PLCR of 19.67±3.1. Values of MPV, PDW and PLCR were significantly higher in patients with diabetic microvascular complications (p<.001). There was no significant difference in PCT between the two groups. In comparison of platelet indices according to glycemic control, a significantly higher MPV, PDW and PLCR values were observed in patients with HbA1c of >7% (p<.001). A significant association was present among the MPV, PDW and PLCR values when fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was > 130mg/dL (p<.001). There was a direct relation-ship with abnormal platelet indices and microvas-cular complications of T2DM. Further studies are recommended to ascertain causative relationship of changes in platelet indices and diabetic microvascular complications.