bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of CЕС technology for eco- and energytechnologies
Authors: Sakhnenko Mykola , Karakurkchi Hanna , Nenastina Tetiana , Yermolenko Irina , Korohodska Alla
Published: December 2021

Based on the analysis of the peculiarities of CEC formation, it is shown that their production and application is one of the world trends in functional electroplating and allows to solve a number of practical problems, in particular in the field of eco- and energy technologies. The deposition of polyfunctional CECs of cobalt with refractory metals was carried out from citrate-pyrophosphate electrolytes in galvanostatic and pulsed modes. The obtained composite coatings have a complex of increased mechanical and anti-corrosion properties, catalytic and photocatalytic activity, which determines the prospects for the use of the obtained thin-film materials in many industries. It is shown that the processes of formation of such multicomponent systems are very complex, a separate problem that needs to be solved is the organization of the technological process of CEC adapted to production needs. The scheme of organization of technological process on the basis of the modular approach which is based on results of complex researches of influence of quantitative characteristics of working electrolytes and modes of electrolysis on structure and properties of the synthesized coverings is developed. The generalized scheme of CEC technology reflects the sequence of generally accepted processes and operations in electrochemical production with the possibility of applying the modular principle of organization of galvanic sites and shops. Variability of technological schemes provides flexible control of the composition and properties of coatings by changing the time and energy characteristics of electrodeposition with insignificant adjustment of the quantitative and qualitative composition of electrolytes. The developed modular approach in the organization of technological process can be used as a basis for other electrochemical technologies of synthesis of functional materials.
Application and schemes of induction preliminary heating in magnetic-pulse treatment of metals
Authors: Gavrylova Tetiana , Chaplygin Evgen , Shynderuk Svitlana
Published: December 2021

The features of the processes of magnetic-pulse processing of metals in traditional schemes of technological processes of modern industrial production are highlighted. The work is a brief description of the state, application, and also proposed induction pre-heating schemes in industrial magnetic-pulse processing of metals. A method for increasing the efficiency of performing specified production operations is considered. The use of preheating leads to a significant improvement in the quality of production operations while reducing energy consumption. New directions of magnetic-pulse processing of metals are noted, implying the transformation of the natural repulsive forces of the metal of the processed object into the forces of magnetic-pulse attraction with a decrease in the operating frequencies of the acting fields. A significant decrease in operating frequencies makes it possible not only to go from repulsion to attraction, but also to go from working with ferromagnetic metals to non-ferromagnetic ones. For example, it becomes possible to attract aluminum blanks. Examples of the use of induction heating of metal blanks in modern industry are given. Various devices used for these operations, offered on the modern market, by both domestic and foreign manufacturers, are considered. The physics of Lenz-Joule heat release is described, the result of which is the induction heating of conductors by Foucault currents in the external electromagnetic field of the instrument. Schemes are proposed for the practical implementation of preliminary induction heating during magnetic-pulse processing of metal blanks, allowing the use of both autonomous devices for exciting eddy currents and a stationary connection, for the same purpose, of an additional source of electricity. As a result of the work, the possibility of increasing the efficiency by increasing the plasticity of the metal when heating the workpiece, as well as possible limitations of the described technology associated with an increase in the active resistance of metals with an increase in the Lenz-Joule heat release is noted.
Analysis of the parameters of the double clutch drive with reduced control energy consumption
Authors: Sergienko Nikolay , Kalinin Pavel , Gasanov Magomedemin , Pavlova Natalia , Svidlo Vitaliy , Okun Аnton
Published: December 2021

The global trend of improving vehicle and traction transmissions is associated with the use of robotic preselector gearboxes, an important component of which is the friction clutch. The review of existing designs and analysis of clutch development concepts allows determining the directions of their improvement, in particular, the improvement of dry double clutches, which is the subject of research in this paper. A significant disadvantage of existing dual-clutch designs is the use of additional special (mostly hydraulic or combined) systems for on-off friction pairs, so the structural cost and energy costs for control are increased, and the design, maintenance, and repair are complicated. The proposed design of the drive to control the original dry dual-clutch involves a lever mechanism with the use of rotary stops, which are made in the form of mobile carriages with rollers, this provides switching clutches in a short time and actually without interruption of power flow, so the acceleration dynamics of vehicles will be improved, the clutch design will be simplified and energy consumption for its control during the start and gear shifting will be reduced. The mathematical model of the proposed clutch drive on the basis of which the control mechanism operation is simulated and influence of its design parameters on operational indicators of the clutch drive, in particular, on kinematic characteristics of the drive, ranges of kinematic and power gear ratios, the power interaction of the mechanism links, the power of the actuator when each clutch is turning on. It is established that the switching of clutches requires less energy, the movement of the mechanism elements is different, and the compression force of the friction pairs when starting the first and second clutches is different. The simulation results confirm that the proposed original lever design of the clutch control mechanism is effective. The obtained results allow us to reasonably determine the parameters of a clutch, but the choice of optimal-rational parameters of its control mechanism requires further research, for which appropriate methods, search algorithms, and their software implementation have been developed.
The viscoelastic properties of a halogen-free polymer composition, for cable products
Authors: Chulieieva Olena , Zolotaryov Volodymyr , Chulieiev Volodymyr , Kuleshova Tetiana , Suslin Mykola
Published: December 2021

The viscoelastic properties of a halogen-free polymer composition for cable products have been investigated. The influence of temperature parameters, shear rate on the die-swell ratio of the polymer composition has been determined; the dependence of the melt density on a temperature was investigated. The polymer matrix is a mixture of polyolefins (linear low density polyethylene; polyolefin elastomer and maleic anhydride modified linear low density polyethylene) as a flame retardant filler for the polymer composition is trihydrate alumina. The content of flame retardant filler in the polymer composition is 60 %. The polymer composition was manufactured on the compounding line of X-Compound, Switzerland. The investigation of both melt density and die-swell ratio of the polymer composition has been conducted with help of capillary viscometer type IIRT-AM. To determine the density of the melt the ratio of capillary length to diameter L/D=8/2 was used. The results of the study of the dependence of the melt density of the polymer matrix from a temperature of 150–190 °C at different loads showed that this parameter decreases from 789 to 744 kg/m3 and for polymer composition from 1309 to 1268 kg/m3. The die-swell ratio in the case of an increase of the shear rate at temperatures of 150–190°C for the polymer matrix increases from 1,102 to 1,520, and for the polymer composition decreases from 1,056 to 1,018. The investigation results of the dependence of both die-swell ratio of the polymer matrix and the polymer composition on the ratio of the length of the forming tool to the diameter indicates that the die-swell ratio for the polymer matrix was reduced from 1,296 to 1,152, and for the polymer composition from 1,045 to 1,01. It was established that the viscoelastic properties of the halogen-free polymer composition are significantly influenced by: processing temperature, shear rate, melt density, the ratio of the length of the forming tool to the diameter. The research results give a possibility for a reasonable approach for the determination of technological parameters of an insulation, sheathing of power cables and optical cables of microtube construction. It will also allow to quickly adjust the geometrical parameters of the forming tool of cable heads.
Weight loss and commodity evaluation of pear fruits during storage depending on the packaging method
Authors: Zamorska Iryna , Rybchak Olena
Published: December 2021

Pear fruits have a high biological and nutritional value; however, they are perishable products, storage of which is accompanied by certain difficulties. You can preserve the quality of fresh pears through the use of various packaging methods, among which the use of polyethylene liners is effective. The article presents the results of studies of weight loss and yield of pears during storage, depending on the variety and method of packaging. Conferencia, Noiabrska, and Osnovianska pears of the highest and first commodity varieties were pre-cooled and packed in wooden boxes №3, with a capacity of up to 25 kg (“control” option) and in boxes with a plastic bag liner inserted inside the package 45–50 μm followed by sealing (option “box with a polyethylene liner”). Pear fruits were stored for four months at a temperature of 0 ... + 3 ± 1 ºС and relative humidity of 92% ± 2%. Fruit weight losses were determined by the method of weighing fixed samples, the yield of marketable products - according to DSTU 8326:2015. It was found that during the storage period of pear fruits, their weight loss was 2.3–5%, depending on the variety and method of packaging. In terms of pomological varieties, according to average data, the highest weight loss was pears of the Osnovianska variety – 2.6%. The use of polyethylene liners during the storage of pears helped to reduce losses by 0.5–2.3% depending on the variety and duration of storage. It was found that in the conditions of free air access the share of standard products was 78.6–88.3% with the minimum value in the fruits of Conference and the maximum in the fruits of Noiabrska Moldova. It is proved that packing pear fruits in wooden boxes with polyethylene inserts caused an increase in the yield of marketable products to 90.2–98.4%, a decrease in the share of non-standard products to 1.6–7.0%, and waste to 2.8%. The weight loss of pear fruits of the Noiabrska Moldova variety was 0.3–1.5 lower compared to similar indicators of other varieties. The fruits of the same variety recorded a higher yield of marketable products – 88.3–98.4% depending on the method of storage.
The usage of niche seeds flour in cupcake production technology
Authors: Sova Nataliia , Khudaiberdiieva Kristina , Kovalenko Nataliia , Mykhnenko Ilona
Published: December 2021

Flour confectionery products occupy an important place in the diet of the population of our country, and the world and are in great demand. A significant disadvantage of this group of products is the low content of vital essential substances, such as vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, etc., and the high content of carbohydrates and lipids. Demand for these products necessitates the need to adjust the chemical composition of these foods. One of the most famous representatives of flour confectionery is cupcakes. In the recipes of cupcakes, the largest share occupies such types of refined raw materials like wheat flour, granulated sugar, fats, which cause an imbalance in their chemical composition, low nutritional value, and high caloric content. As biologically active additives of plant origin, flour from the seeds of various niche crops (flax, hemp, sesame, amaranth, etc.) can be added to the cupcake recipe. After all, this type of raw material is valuable for its composition (the content of proteins, fats, essential amino acids, and fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, etc.) and health properties. The recipe for cupcakes enriched with flour from the seeds of niche crops has been developed. The prototype for the study was chosen recipe for the cake “Stolychnyi”. Hemp, flax, pumpkin, and sesame flour were chosen as raw materials. Organoleptic, physicochemical quality indicators, nutritional, and energy value of finished products are determined. Based on the results of the organoleptic evaluation of cupcake samples, determination of their physicochemical quality indicators, comparison with the production sample, we recommended the introduction of a cupcake enriched with low-fat hemp flour. The protein content in this sample was 8.85 g/100 g, fat – 17.83 g/100 g, carbohydrates – 51.8 g/100 g, energy value – 396.85 kCal / 100 g of product. Due to the functional properties of hemp flour, the resulting product can be attributed to health products.
KONTEKSTUALISASI PEMAHAMAN HADIS AL-IFKI (HOAX) DALAM BERINTERAKSI DI MEDIA SOSIAL: Aplikasi Hermeneutika Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd
Authors: Mundzir Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang pemahaman hadis al-ifki yang menceritakan tentang fitnah yang dituduhkan oleh Aisyah. Hadis tersebut mengandung beberapa isu yang bisa ditarik ke zaman media sosial sekarang, di mana banyak terjadi pergeseran penggunaannya. Media sosial bukan lagi menjadi sarana untuk menyebarkan informasi yang berguna menambah wawasan masyarakat, tapi juga menjadi sarana untuk menyebarkan fitnah, ujaran kebencian, dan hoax. Maka dari itu, penulis mencoba mengontekstualisasikan pemahaman dari hadis al-Ifki. Penulis menggunakan Hermeneutika yang digagas oleh Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd, di mana dalam metodologinya terdapat tiga prinsip yang harus dilakukan, yaitu mencari, dalalah, maghza, dan, maskut ‘anhu. Hasil dari aplikasi menggunakan Hermeneutika Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd adalah bahwa dalam bermedia sosial perlu bagi pengguna untuk memberikan informasi yang baik, sebab hal tersebut akan dinilai sedekah. Pengguna media sosial juga perlu untuk menghargai perasaan orang lain ketika akan memosting sesuatu. Selain itu, jika tidak dapat melakukan hal yang bersifat positif bagi media sosial, maka lebih baik diam.

[Contextualization of Understanding Hadith al-Ifki on Social Media Interaction: An Application of Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd's Hermeneutics. This article discusses the understanding of hadith al-ifki which tells about the slander alleged by Aisyah. The hadith contains several issues that can be drawn into the current era of social media, where there are many shifts in its use. Social media is no longer a means to disseminate useful information to broaden the public's knowledge, but also a means to spread slander, hate speech, and hoaxes. Therefore, the author tries to contextualize the understanding of the hadith al-ifki. The author uses Hermeneutics which was initiated by Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd, where in the methodology there are three principles that must be carried out, namely seeking, dalalah, maghza, and, maskut 'anhu. The result of the application using Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd's Hermeneutics is that in social media it is necessary for users to provide good information, because this will be considered as alms. Social media users also need to respect other people's feelings when posting something. In addition, if you can not do something positive for social media, then it is better to be silent.]
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID с 25.12.2021 по 30.12.2021 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: December 2021

В обзоре представлен анализ геновариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2, вызывающих озабо-ченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе их геномов в базе GISAID за неделю с 25.12.2021 г. по 30.12.2021 г.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 25.12.2021 г. по 30.12.2021 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: December 2021

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по

COVID-19, за неделю с 25.12.2021 г. по 30.12.2021 г.
Robust forest cover indices for multispectral images
Authors: Becker Sarah , Daughtry Craig , Russ Andrew
Published: December 2021

Trees occur in many land cover classes and provide significant ecosystem services. Remotely sensed multispectral images are often used to create thematic maps of land cover, but accurately identifying trees in mixed land-use scenes is challenging. We developed two forest cover indices and protocols that reliably identified trees in WorldView-2 multispectral images. The study site in Maryland included coniferous and deciduous trees associated with agricultural fields and pastures, residential and commercial buildings, roads, parking lots, wetlands, and forests. The forest cover indices exploited the product of either the reflectance in red (630 to 690 nm) and red edge (705 to 745 nm) bands or the product of reflectance in red and near infrared (770 to 895 nm) bands. For two classes (trees versus other), overall classification accuracy was >77 percent for the four images that were acquired in each season of the year. Additional research is required to evaluate these indices for other scenes and sensors.
Safety Requirements Analysis using Misuse Cases Method
Authors: Ramadhan Ryo Alif , Kusumo Dana Sulistyo , Husen Jati Hiliamsyah
Published: December 2021

Safety requirements analysis is an activity inside software requirements engineering that focuses on finding and solving safety gaps inside a software product. One method to do safety requirements analysis is misuse cases, a technique adopted from the security analysis method. Misuse cases provide a safety analysis approach which allows detailed steps from different stakeholders' perspective. In this research, we evaluate the misuse cases method's understandability by implementing it to analyze safety requirements for an electric car's autopilot system. We assessed the developed models using the walkthrough method. We found differences between how the model understood from someone with experience in software development and those who don't.
Neural Network on Stock Prediction using the Stock Prices Feature and Indonesian Financial News Titles
Authors: Nur Ghaniaviyanto Ramadhan  , Imelda Atastina
Published: December 2021

Stocks are the most popular investments among entrepreneurs or other investors. When investing in stocks these investors tend to learn how to invest stocks correctly and when is the right time. For the problem of how to invest shares correctly can be used a variety of basic theories that already exist, but for the problem when the right time needs further learning. In this paper will purpose about stock price prediction using stock data indicators and financial headline data in Bahasa Indonesia. The machine learning model used is a multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLP-NN) with the highest accuracy produced by 80%.
Classification of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Spread in Bandung using Hybrid Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Artificial Neural Network Methods
Authors: Fatri Nurul Inayah  , Sri Suryani Prasetiyowati  , Yuliant Sibaroni
Published: December 2021

Dengue fever is a dangerous disease caused by the dengue virus. One of the factors causing dengue fever is due to the place where you live in the tropics, so that cases of dengue fever in Indonesia, especially in the Bandung Regency area, will continue to show high numbers. Therefore, information is needed on the spread of this disease by requiring the accuracy and speed of diagnosis as early prevention. In terms of compiling this information, classification techniques can be done using a combination of methods Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN), and Artificial Neural Network(ANN) to build predictions of the classification of dengue fever, and the data used in this Final Project are dataset affected by the spread of dengue fever in Bandung regency in the 2012-2018 period. The hybrid classifier results can improve accuracy with the voting method with an accuracy level of 90% in the classification of dengue fever.
Activated Sludge-Assisted Phytoremediation For Dye Removal
Authors: Hocini Imene , Benabbas Khaled , Khellaf Nabila , Djelal Hayet , Amrane Abdeltif
Published: December 2021

We report the biodegradation of dye pollutants by a green process that combines the microbial activity of activated sludge with phytoremediation ability of the aquatic plant L. gibba. The obtained results showed that the combination of the two processes when the pollutant was present at concentration of 50 mg/L, lead to a dye removal of 95 and 70% for VB-20 and DR-89, respectively. The biodegradability index based on COD and BOD5 measurement was equal to 3.1 for DR-89 and 2.0 for VB-20, confirming that DR-89 was removed by biosorption phenomena and only VB-20 was transformed into biodegradable compounds. UV-visible, FT-IR and LC/MS analysis were used as a tool for the monitoring of the biodegradation metabolite and the results showed that VB-20 biodegradation occurred by the cleavage of anthraquinone cycle and transformation of aromatic compounds to light hydrocarbon chain; this was further confirmed by the calculation of Fukui index using DFT method. This study highlighted the synergy between the phytoremediation and biodegradation process for organic dye removal.
Scattering Processes with the Emission of Longitudinal Optical Phonons in the Landau Level System In GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Well
Authors: The Ngo Vinh Doan , Canh Trung Le
Published: December 2021

The scattering processes of longitudinal optical phonons in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells in a quantizing magnetic field are considered. The time of intrasubband scattering between Landau levels is calculated by using Fermi's golden rule. The dependence of the scattering rate on the magnitude of the magnetic field has been shown and the magnetic field can suppress scattering processes on longitudinal optical phonons. It is found that the scattering time depends linearly on the width of the quantum well.
Boundary-layer Features in Limit of Conservative Nonlinear Oscillators
Authors: Zarmi Yair
Published: December 2021

In the double limit of high amplitude (xmax → ∞) and high leading power (x2 N+1, N → ∞), (1+1) dimensional conservative nonlinear oscillatory systems exhibit characteristics akin to boundary layer phenomena. The oscillating entity, x(t), tends to a periodic saw-tooth shape of linear segments, the velocity, x′(t), tends to a periodic step-function and the x − x′ phase-space plot tends to a rectangle. This is demonstrated by transforming x and t into proportionately scaled variables, η and θ, respectively. η(θ) is (2-π) periodic in θ and bounded (|η(θ)| ≤ 1). The boundary-layer characteristics show up by the fact that the deviations of η(θ), η′(θ) and the η − η′ phase-space plot from the sharp asymptotic shapes occurs over a range in θ of O(1/N) near the turning points of the oscillations.
Mathematical Approach to N-Centered DFT and Associated Methods for the Study of Open Systems
Authors: Grente Guillaume
Published: December 2021

A fundamental aspect of the study of N−electronic systems (systems containing N electrons) is to obtain information on the states in which these systems have minimal energy. In practice a numerical search of such states is impossible to carry out, so that alternative approaches have been developped, the one around which this work revolves being to consider electronic systems through their electronic density rather than their state. This approach, known today as Density Functional Theory (DFT), was formalised in Kohn and Sham’s seminal article [1] and its mathematical aspects were studied a few years later by Lieb [2]. Since then, the ideas leading to the construction of DFT have been adapted to the context of electronic systems with a fractionnal number of electrons (open systems), first through PPLB DFT[3] and more recently through the definition of N−centered DFT[4, 5]. In both cases it is unclear wherether the mathematical properties established for classical DFT can be expected to hold true. This question is the main problematic of our work, in which we shall study the analogy between N−centered and classical DFT, from their construction to the methods that are derived from them. This will lead us to construct a Kohn-Sham scheme for N−centered DFT, investigate the links between this theory and optimal transport and present the Hubbard Dimer in this particular situation.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Entecavir and Tenofovir among the Affectees from War against Terror in the Tribal Areas of Pakistan
Authors: Jan Asim , Khan Hayat , Rehman Majeed Ur , Salman Muhammad , Ali Ijaz , Khan Jadoon , Sarwar Abid , Rehman Latifur
Published: December 2021

BackgroundHepatitis B infection is a worldwide health concern infecting more than 400 million people worldwide. Besides the active immunization program of WHO, the role of antivirals for treating the chronic infection is inevitable. The tribal belt of Pakistan is the most affected part in war against terror. In addition to lack of basic facilities and resources, this part of country has also been neglected for various health related studies. In this study we report the efficacy of the commonly used antivirals; Entecavir (ETV) and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF).MethodsA total of 2875 HBV infected patients (Male = 1500 and Female = 1375) of different age groups who were receiving either ETV as monotherapy or ETV plus TDF were followed up for 6 and 12 months. Viral DNA was extracted from serum followed by amplification and detection with MyGo Real-Time thermocycler and Gene Proof PCR kit. Response towards antivirals was analyzed statistically with Pearson’s Chi Square test. ResultsComparable response (p=0.171) was observed among the HBV patients towards both six (27%) and twelve month antiviral therapy (36%). Duration of antiviral therapy improved the rate of response in male and patients of old age (p=0.001 & <0.001 respectively). However, female were found relatively more responsive than males towards both six and twelve antiviral therapy (p=0.001 & 0.003 respectively). Furthermore, ETV plus TDF combination proved little more effective for twelve months (p=0.035). Patients of Khyber (p=0.198) and Kurrum (p=0.440) regions are equally responsive towards 6 and 12 month treatment. Compared to ETV monotherapy, ETV plus TDF improved response among the male, patients above 40 years and patients from different tribal region (Bajaur, Kurrum, Malakand and Mohmand). ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that the ETV monotherapy and ETV plus TDF combination therapy are not effective for the HBV infection because both do not achieve SVR rate even in 50% of patients following six and twelve-month follow-up. Therefore, there is a need of much more effective antiviral drugs to treat HBV infection in the study area.
Nusselt Number and Friction Factor Correlations Development for Arc-Shape Apex Upstream Artificial Roughness in Solar Air Heater
Authors: Sahu Mukesh Kumar , Kharub Manjeet , Matheswaran Mahalingam Murugesan
Published: December 2021

In the present work an outdoor experimental investigation for solar air heater with arc-shaped apex-upstream flow by the use of circular cross section wires as roughness elements has been carried out. The roughness-element have been expressed in non-dimensionalizing geometric parameters as relative roughness-pitch (P/e), relative roughness-height (e/D) and flow attack-angle (α/60), and the range of these parameters varies from 8 to 15, 0.0454, and 0.75 to 1.25, respectively. For evaluation of performance of the roughened SAH, a novel parameter has been proposed and introduced in the present investigation which is Thermo-Hydraulic Improvement Parameter (THIP). With the use of present roughness geometry, considerably Nusselt number enhancement ratio (NNER) and friction factor enhancement ratio (FFER) have been observed. The maximum NNER and FFER values obtained experimentally is about 2.83 and 1.79 times, respectively. While, the maximum THIP has been obtained 157.49% higher than the smooth SAH. Using the experimental results correlations for the output parameters (Nusselt number and friction factor) as a function of input parameters (flow and roughness) have been developed.
Impact of Waste Heat Recovery of Chimney Using U-Shaped Pulsating Heat Pipe to Generate Hot Water- Experimental and Environmental Analysis
Authors: Shoeibi Shahin , Kargarsharifabad Hadi , Rashidi Mohammad Mehdi
Published: December 2021

Many studies have been done on the Pulsating heat pipes (PHP) using energy applications system. In this study a heat exchanger PHP is analyzed. A heat pipe prototype is manufactured for waste heat recovery. The present study experimentally investigated the effect of pulsating heat pipe on the waste heat recovery of the chimney and produce hot water for household consumption. The evaporator is placed in a smoke exhaust duct and the condenser is located in a water chamber in which the smoke heat is transferred through. The results are presented for different heat pipe angles to the horizon from 0 to 90. The PHP is filled 60% by distilled water as operating fluid. The highest hot water temperature in outlet of reservoir was about to 58 oC. Also, The CO2 mitigation and CPH of the waste heat recovery system was equal to 84.82 tons and 0.1$/m3. Moreover, the efficiency is changing from 19% for a horizontal PHP to 54% for a vertical one.
Study On Spectral Characters-Chlorophyll Inversion Model of Sabina Vulgaris in Mu Us Sandy Land
Authors: Wang Ning , Yang Guang , Han Xueying , Jia Guangpu , Liu Feng , Liu Xin , Chen Haoyu , Zhang Tianqi , Guo Xinyu
Published: December 2021

Sabina vulgaris is a group tree species in Mu Us Sandy Land. Understanding the growth status of Sabina vulgaris has guiding value for vegetation change monitoring. Chlorophyll is an important indicator to characterize the growth status of plants, and its content changes are important for analyzing the physiological growth status of plants and guiding the precise planting of plants. In this paper, the spectral reflectance and chlorophyll content of Sabina vulgaris were measured by SVC HR-1024 portable ground feature spectrometer and SPAD502 chlorophyll instrument, and the relationship between ground feature spectral characteristics and chlorophyll content of Sabina vulgaris was studied. The results show that there is a correlation between the vegetation index and chlorophyll, the effect of NDVI is the best, the bands with the highest correlation are the combined bands of 470nm-500nm, 610nm-680nm, and 740nm-840nm, and the wavelengths with the highest correlation are (660,790); Vegetation index, red-edge parameters, and chlorophyll have a certain correlation. The fitting effect of the model established by vegetation index is better than that established by red-edge parameters, and the highest R2 is 0.97; Among the three modeling methods, the model fitting effect of partial least squares is the best, R2 is > 0.91, and the disadvantage is that the processing process is complex; The processing method of the univariate linear regression model is the simplest, but the disadvantage is that the accuracy of the model is unstable, R2 is between 0.1-0.9, so the multivariate linear regression model is the most suitable of the three methods(R2>0.8).
Longitudinal Prediction of Motor Dysfunction After Stroke: A Disconnectome Study.
Authors: Dulyan Lilit , Talozzi Lia , Pacella Valentina , Corbetta Maurizio , Forkel Stephanie J , de Schotten Michel Thiebaut
Published: December 2021

Motricity is the most commonly affected ability after a stroke. While many clinical studies attempt to predict motor symptoms at different chronic time points after a stroke, longitudinal acute-to-chronic studies remain scarce. Taking advantage of recent advances in mapping brain disconnections, we predict motor outcomes in 62 patients assessed longitudinally two weeks, three months, and one year after their stroke. Results indicate that brain disconnection patterns accurately predict motor impairments. However, disconnection patterns leading to impairment differ between the three time points and between left and right motor impairments. These results were cross-validated using resampling techniques. In sum, we demonstrated that while some neuroplasticity mechanisms exist changing the structure-function relationship, disconnection patterns prevail when predicting motor impairment at different time points after stroke.
A Critical Analysis of Effect of Projected Temperature and Rainfall for Differential Sowing of Maize Cultivars Under RCP4.5 and RCP6.0 Scenarios for Punjab
Authors: Kothiyal Shivani , Kaur Prabhjyot , Kaur Jatinder
Published: December 2021

A simulation study was conducted for two cultivars of maize (PMH1 and PMH2) in four agroclimatic zones of Punjab state of India where climate change depicts a consistent rise in temperature and increased variability in amount and distribution of rainfall. The yield assessment was performed for four agroclimatic zones of Punjab comprising of seven locations because variability in temperature rise and rainfall existed from location to location. Corrected ensemble model weather data (temperature and rainfall) for RCP4.5 and RCP6.0 was used as an input in the calibrated and validated CERES-Maize model and yield was simulated for a period of 70 years. The simulated yield for near as well as far-future was statistically assessed to understand the yield trend in Punjab under current dates of sowing and the results indicated a strong negative correlation between the yield and the weather parameters under the two scenarios at the considered four agroclimatic zones of Punjab. An increase in maximum and minimum temperature was observed ranging 0-4°C and 3-8°C, respectively at all the agroclimatic zones except Faridkot (zone V) where the increase in minimum temperature was observed by 0-3°C during the crop growth season while the rainfall variability ranged from 200-800mm under both the scenarios. At agroclimatic zone II and zone III similar results were obtained with higher yields at later dates of sowing and the rainfall at agroclimatic zone III was higher under RCP6.0 (300-600mm) while the yields for agroclimatic zone IV and V (Abohar) with rainfall variation of 270-450mm and 200-400mm, respectively showed no yield increment. Maize at Faridkot performed well with higher yields at early sowing dates. Among the two cultivars PMH1 showed more high yield years than PMH2 for most of the years. The yield under differential sowing dates showed the first fortnight of June and end June to be the best sowing dates for most of the locations as the yield for these dates were higher for most of the years. Thus, the study can be further applied to decide the future sowing window of maize for the agricultural state like Punjab.
Real-World Data of Off-Label Drug Use in Patients with Actionable Genomic Alterations on Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Souza Gabriel Roman , Abdalla Ahmed , Arora Sukeshi Patel , Mahadevan Daruka
Published: December 2021

We analyzed the outcomes of patients in our institution treated with off-label drugs targeting actionable genomic alteration based on next-generation sequencing when clinical trials were not available. Our study endpoint was objective tumor response or stable disease at 16 weeks or later after treatment initiation. Sixteen patients were included in this study, 8 were treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-L1 or TP53 mutations and 8 with other drugs. Tumors were analyzed based on PD-L1 expression, TP53 mutation, MSI, TMB, MMR status, and other targetable alterations. Of the 16 patients in the intention-to-treat group, no patients had an objective response after 16 weeks. Eleven patients met the primary study endpoint with stable disease, 8 in the immune checkpoint inhibitors group and 3 in the non-immune checkpoint inhibitors group. Using the log-rank test, the p-value for the difference between groups was 0.008. In this study with off-label drugs, immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting TP53 mutations or PD-L1 expression were superior to the other drugs. This suggests the possibility of off-label use of anti-cancer drugs based on next-generation sequencing to be beneficial for advanced cancer patients without other therapeutic options.
Depressive-Like Behavior Induced by Long-Term Ouabain Administration Accompanied Alteration in Neuroinflammation Parameters in Rats
Authors: Valvassori Samira S. , Aguiar-Geraldo Jorge M. , Possamai-Della Taise , da-Rosa Dayane D. , Menegas Samira , Dal-Pont Gustavo C. , Cararo José H. , Quevedo João
Published: December 2021

Objective: The present study aims to investigate the effects of Lithium (Li) on manic- and depressive-like behaviors and inflammatory parameters in rats submitted to the bipolar disorder (BD) model induced by ouabain (OUA). Material and methods: Adult male rats received a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of OUA or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). On the fourth day after the ICV injection, the rats received intraperitoneal injections of saline (NaCl 0.9%) or Li (47.5 mg/kg), two times a day, for 14 days. On the seventh day after OUA injection, the locomotor activity was assessed (open field test), and on the fourteenth day, locomotion was evaluated again, which was followed by the forced swimming test to evaluate depressive-like behavior. After euthanasia, inflammatory parameters were evaluated in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Results: After seven days of OUA administration, the animals showed a hyperactive behavior that was reversed by treatment with Li. After 14 days of ICV injections, rats exhibited a depressive behavior. Regarding the inflammatory parameters, measured after 14 days of the ICV infusions, OAU induced an increase in the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α, and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1. In contrast, Li treatment decreased these parameters. Conclusion: The animal model of BD induced by an OUA is able to induce neuroinflammation, which supports its construct validity for the BD research.
Rainfall Trend And Seasonality Estimation For Marathwada Region
Authors: Bana Himanshu , Garg R. D
Published: December 2021

The present research work conducts a seasonality and trend analysis of rainfall over the 8 districts of the Marathwada region India. The study is carried out for the last 39 years ranging from 1980 to 2018. The rainfall data analysed pertains to pre-monsoon season, monsoon season (Kharif), and annual. The trend has been estimated using Sen’s slope estimation process along with Mann-Kendal test. It was observed that the all the Eight districts of the region show a negative trend in the annual rainfall received. Nanded district showed the largest negative trend in the annual rainfall. Out of eight districts seven districts of the region show a decline in rainfall during the monsoon season. The district of Nanded showed largest decline in the rainfall received during monsoon season. The present research work concludes with discussion on possible causes of such estimated trends.
Use of Oral Glucose Tolerance Testing and HbA1c At 6-14 Gestational Weeks to Predict Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In High-Risk Women
Authors: Peng Xiaoxiao , Liu Mingyi , Gang Jun , Wang Ying , Ma XiuHua
Published: December 2021

Objective:To study the prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in high-risk pregnant women by testing the 1-hour (1hPG) and 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG) after an oral glucose tolerance test and the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in early pregnancy (6-14 weeks).Methodology:We recruited 1311 pregnant women at high risk for diabetes from the Obstetrics Clinic of Daxing District People's Hospital between June 2017 and December 2019. Fasting blood glucose (FPG) and HbA1c were tested and a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 1-hour blood glucose (1hPG) and 2-hour blood glucose (2hPG) was performed during the first trimester of pregnancy. The women were seen at 24-28 weeks to follow-up for GDM. We calculated the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) to determine the predictive values for early pregnancy FPG, 1hPG, 2hPG, and HbA1c for GDM in high-risk pregnant women.Results:The prevalence of pregestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women at high risk of diabetes was 5.6%, and GDM was 24.7%. The AUCs for the predictive value of FPG, 1hPG, 2hPG, and HbA1c in high-risk pregnant women were 0.64, 0.76, 0.71, and 0.67, respectively. The AUC for 1hPG prediction of GDM in high-risk pregnant women is greater than FPG, 2hPG, and HbA1c. All differences were statistically significant.Conclusion:FPG, 1hPG, 2hPG, and HbA1c measured in the first trimester pregnancy of high-risk women are significant predictors of GDM. 1hPG was the most significant predictive value for GDM in high-risk pregnant women.
Receiving Screened Donor Human Milk for Their Infant Supports Parental Wellbeing: a Mixed-methods Study
Authors: Brown Amy , Shenker Natalie
Published: December 2021

Background: Donor human milk (DHM) protects the health and development of premature infants but there has been little examination of the broader impact of an infant receiving it upon parental mental health. Breastfeeding and mental health are closely tied with women who experience breastfeeding difficulties or are unable to meet their own breastfeeding goals often experiencing feelings of guilt, sadness and anger, alongside an increased risk of postnatal depression. The aim of the current study was to explore how experience of receiving DHM for their baby affected the wellbeing of parents.Methods: UK parents of infants aged 0 – 12 months who had received screened DHM from a milk bank (typically on the neonatal unit or in some cases in the community) completed an online questionnaire exploring their experiences. The questionnaire included Likert scale items examining perceived impact upon infant health, own wellbeing and family functioning alongside open-ended questions exploring perceptions of how receiving DHM affected wellbeing.Results: Almost all of the 107 participants (women=102) agreed that receiving DHM had a positive impact upon infant health and development, their own mental and physical health, and their family’s wellbeing. Parents felt relieved that their infant was receiving DHM for health reasons but also due to the experience of being listened to, supported and having their infant feeding decisions facilitated. Receiving DHM helped mothers to process some of their emotions at not being able to breastfeed, in part because knowing their baby was being fed gave them the space to focus on recovery and bonding with their baby. Some parents did experience challenges, feeling guilty at receiving DHM, insecure that another woman was able to feed their baby when they could not, with some negative reactions from family. Although the impact of receiving DHM upon breastfeeding was not measured, some women who were working to build their own milk supply noted that it helped motivate them to continue.Conclusions: DHM may play an important role not only in protecting infant health and development but in supporting the mental health and wellbeing of mothers for whom their infant receiving human milk is important.
Defining the Impact of Adjuvant Treatment on the Prognosis of Patients with Inoperable Glioblastoma Undergoing Biopsy-only: Does the Survival Benefit Outweigh the Treatment Effort?
Authors: Löber-Handwerker Ronja , Döring Katja , Bock Christoph , Rohde Veit , Malinova Vesna
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Patients with inoperable glioblastoma (GBM) usually experience worse prognosis compared to those in whom gross total resection (GTR) is achievable. Considering the treatment duration and its side effects identification of patients with survival benefit from treatment is essential to guarantee the best achievable quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival benefit from radio-chemotherapy and to identify clinical, molecular, and imaging parameters associated with better outcome in patients with biopsied GBMs. Methods: Consecutive patients with inoperable GBM, who underwent tumor biopsy at our department from 2005 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had histologically confirmed GBM and were followed up until death. The overall survival (OS) was calculated from date of diagnosis to date of death. Clinical, radiological and molecular predictors of OS were evaluated. Results: A total of 95 patients with biopsied primary GBM were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 64.3±13.2 years, 56.8 % (54/95) were male and 43.2 % (41/95) female. Mean OS in the entire cohort was 9 months. After stratification for adjuvant treatment a higher median OS was found in the group with adjuvant treatment (7 months, range 2-88) compared to the group without treatment (1 month, range 1-5) Log-rank test, p<0.0001.Conclusion: Patients with inoperable GBM undergoing biopsy indeed experience a very limited OS. Adjuvant treatment is associated with significantly longer OS compared to patients not receiving treatment and should be considered, especially in younger patients with good clinical condition at presentation.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Recurrent Meningiomas: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Nidamanuri Priya , Drappatz Jan
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Meningiomas that progress after surgery and radiotherapy represent an unmet medical need. Expression of PD-1 and PDL-1 has been demonstrated in meningiomas and is proportional to tumor grade, suggesting a potential role for anti-PD-1/anti-PDL-1 inhibitor therapy. We explored the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for recurrent meningiomas with primary endpoints of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of patients with meningioma who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors at UPMC Hillman Cancer Center. Any patient over age 18 who received immunotherapy was included in this study. Patients received treatment until development of disease progression, intolerable toxicities or adverse events, death, or oncologist decision. Serial radiographic assessments were made every 3-6 months.Results: Between January 2015 and November 2021, eight patients received anti-PD-1 therapy. All patients underwent tumor resection and radiosurgery, and four patients received prior systemic therapy. Six out of eight patients experienced symptomatic perilesional edema and three patients experienced exacerbation of seizures. Median PFS was 7 months (95% CI 1-24) and median OS was 1.75 years (95% CI 1.5-4.0). In patients with positive PD-1 or PD-L1 expression, median PFS was 2 years and median OS was 3 years.Conclusion: Anti-PD-1 therapy was associated with a manageable safety profile in patients with recurrent meningiomas. Patients with WHO Grade III tumors and positive PD-1/PD-L1 expression were noted to have increased PFS and OS, suggesting a potential role for immunotherapy in this specific subset of patients. Further studies are needed to investigate this in a larger patient population.