bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Successful conservative management of a large acute epidural hematoma in a patient with arrested hydrocephalus: A case report
Authors: Chan Kevin Ivan Peñaverde , Aguilar Jose Francisco Abawag , Khu Kathleen Joy Ong
Published: August 2022

Background:

Arrested hydrocephalus is a condition wherein congenital hydrocephalus spontaneously ceases to progress due to a balance between production and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid. These patients rarely present with pressure symptoms so conservative treatment may be instituted. There are, however, little data on the long-term outcomes of these patients and how they present in the presence of other intracranial pathologies as they transition into adulthood. We aim to add to the growing knowledge about the management of patients with arrested hydrocephalus who have sustained traumatic hematomas.

Case Description:

To the best of our knowledge, we present the only reported case of a 34-year-old female with arrested hydrocephalus who sustained an acute epidural hematoma secondary to a fall and underwent a conservative management. She was asymptomatic except for mild headache that started on the 3rd day postinjury and was thus treated conservatively with favorable outcomes. A review of literature showed that adults with arrested hydrocephalus may develop intracranial hematomas after head injuries despite them manifesting with little or no symptoms. The hydrocephalus may have provided them with a form of internal decompression thus delaying symptomatology.

Conclusion:

Clinicians should be vigilant as these patients will present with either delayed or completely without neurologic symptomology. Tailored and individualized management of other intracranial pathologies should be adapted in this subset of patients.
MODELS OF FOREIGN TEXT UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Kravchyna Tetiana
Published: August 2022

The article aims: 1) to analyze the theoretical development of models for understanding a foreign language text from a psychological point of view; 2) to emphasize their contribution to the general theory of understanding; 3) to structure, single out models of comprehension of a foreign language text. It also considers psycholinguistic and cognitive processes that affect the reader’s understanding of a foreign language text, analyzes resonant, constructivist and dynamic approaches to the processes of decoding lexical and grammatical information and inference of the meaning of the text. The main idea of the resonant approach is that in the process of reading, the reader automatically activates and removes from long-term memory all the information that corresponds to the semantic and phonological material of the text. The constructivist approach assumes that text comprehension is based on cognitively processed meanings of lexical units, which are always constructed in working memory depending on the content of the context and verbal/nonverbal experience of the reader. Currently, a dynamic approach to modelling the foreign text comprehension dominates, in which the resonant process and construction are considered to interact on a stage basis: the initial broad activation of lexical and grammatical concepts is accompanied by cognitive processing and extraction of relevant meanings from different knowledge structures in the long run. Thus, all these processes actively interact with the individual cognitive base of the reader, which does not lead to the creation of a literal, but to a more complex mental representation of a foreign text. The created representation depends not only on the previous knowledge of the reader, but also enriches his frames, which contain information about the typical and the possible in relevant situations.
EVALUATION OF GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AGATES IN ALMUS (TOKAT) REGION
Authors: ARIK Fetullah , TURHAL Erhan , ÖZEN Yeşim
Published: August 2022

The Upper Cretaceous Artova ophiolite complex, represented by metabasic and ultrabasic rocks, overlies the Paleozoic aged Tokat metamorphites, which form the basis of the study area, by the tectonic boundary. Haydaroğlu formation, which includes Middle Eocene aged volcanogenic units, cuts and covers the older units. Agates (agates) in the Almus region are found in the form of nodules in the volcanogenic sandstones of the Haydaroğlu formation along an approximately E-W trending fault. The Lower Miocene aged Almus formation, which consists of sedimentary rocks such as sandstone, conglomerate and marine limestone, also unconformably overlies all units.

Almus region agates contain on average 93.4% SiO2, 3.59% Fe2O3, 0.03% MgO, 0.72% CaO, 793 ppm Cr2O3, 12 ppm Ni, 13.4 ppm Cu, 4.7 ppm Pb, 35.4 ppm Zn. The high Cr and Ni in agates are associated with the Artova ophiolite complex in the region. Cu, Pb and Zn are associated with the early stages of volcanism. The high Fe2O3 content in agates is associated with hematite and goethite, and they were transported into agates before SiO2 emplacement. The CaO in the agate is the product of the last phase of the solution forming the agate, and MgO is associated with the presence of dolomite.

Evaluation of the results of geochemical analysis shows that SiO2, which is the main component due to the hydrothermal activities that occurred after the rock formation of the Haydaroğlu formation, unlike the volcanic bedrocks of the agates according to the main oxides, trace and rare earth elements, was emplaced epigenetically as a result of the circulations in the volcanogenic sandstones.
The Impact of Renewable Energy Use on Green Growth: The Case of Emerging Economies
Authors: NAİMOĞLU Mustafa
Published: August 2022

In this study, the effect of renewable energy use on green growth is investigated for 11 emerging economies with a growth rate higher than the world average annual green growth, per capita GDP, and per capita renewable energy use growth rate in 1990-2019. For this purpose, the variables of financial development, economic integration, use of renewable energy, and green growth were used annually in the 1990-2019 period. CCEMG and AMG panel estimators were used as a method. The findings showed that the increase in the use of renewable energy hurts green growth. This is because existing technologies are predominantly integrated with fossil fuels, making the GDPs of these economies more dependent on fossil fuels, and the use of renewable energy, which is used on a small scale, brings high costs. In addition, rising energy prices for energy-importing economies may cause vulnerabilities in economies and slow down or hinder governments' renewable energy policies. On the other hand, increasing economic growth causes more energy demand. Meeting the increasing energy demand with fossil fuels at a high rate increases negative externalities and negatively affects green growth.
Ritonavir Form III: A New Polymorph After 24 Years
Authors: ZHANG GEOFF , Yao Xin , Henry Rodger
Published: August 2022

Polymorphism occurs widely in pharmaceutical solids, and must be thoroughly studied during product development. Twenty-four years after ritonavir (RTV) Form II materialized, we report a new polymorph, Form III, discovered via melt crystallization. Form III has a unique PXRD pattern, Raman spectrum, lower melting point and heat of fusion, compared to the known polymorphs, Form I and Form II. It is the least stable form, monotropically, among the three polymorphs. Form III differs from Form I and Form II in conformation and hydrogen bonding motifs. Nucleation from RTV supercooled liquid is slow, and selected Form III exclusively. The discovery of RTV Form III demonstrates the importance of crystal nucleation studies. Crystallization from supercooled liquids should be incorporated as part of polymorph screening workflow.
Oxygen Evolution Activity of Amorphous Cobalt Oxyhydroxides: Interconnecting Precatalyst Reconstruction, Long Range Order, Buffer-Binding, Morphology, Mass Transport, and Operation Temperature
Authors: Hausmann J. Niklas , Mebs Stefan , Dau Holger , Driess Matthias , Menezes Prashanth W.
Published: August 2022

Nanocrystalline or amorphous cobalt oxyhydroxides (CoCat) are promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). While having the same short range order, CoCat phases possess different electrocatalytic properties. This phenomenon is not conclusively understood, as multiple interdependent parameters affect the OER activity simultaneously. Herein, a layered cobalt borophosphate precatalyst, Co(H2O)2[B2P2O8(OH)2]∙H2O, is fully reconstructed into two different CoCat phases. In marked contrast to previous reports, this reconstruction is not initiated at the surface but at the electrode substrate to catalyst interface. Ex- and in situ investigations of the two borophosphate derived CoCats, as well as the prominent CoPi and CoBi identify differences in the Tafel slope/range, buffer binding and content, long-range order, number of accessible edge sites, redox activity, and morphology. Considering and interconnecting these aspects together with proton mass transport limitations, we provide a comprehensive picture explaining the different OER activities. The most decisive factors are the buffers used for reconstruction, the number of edge sites that are not inhibited by irreversibly bond buffers, and the morphology of the catalysts. With this acquired knowledge, an optimized OER system is realized operating in near neutral potassium borate media at 1.62±0.03 VRHE yielding 250 mA/cm² at 65 °C for one month without degrading performance.
Activity of fatty acid biosynthesis initiating ketosynthase FabH with acetyl/malonyl-oxa/aza(dethia)CoAs
Authors: Boram Trevor , Benjamin Aaron , Silva de Sousa Amanda , Stunkard Lee , Stewart Taylor , Adams Timothy , Craft Nicholas , Velázquez-Marrero Kevin , Ling Jianheng , Nice Jaelen , Lohman Jeremy
Published: August 2022

Fatty acid biosynthetic enzymes exploit the reactivity of acyl- and malonyl-thioesters for catalysis. Here we synthesize acetyl/malonyl-CoA analogs with esters or amides in place of the thioester and characterize their behavior as substrates or inhibitors of the E. coli FabH ketosynthase. The acetyl- and malonyl-oxa(dethia)CoA analogs undergo extremely slow hydrolysis in the presence of FabH or C112Q mutant, which mimics the acyl-enzyme intermediate. Decarboxylation of malonyl-oxa(dethia)CoA by FabH or C112Q mutant was not detected. The amide analogs were completely stable to enzyme activity as expected. In enzyme assays, acetyl-oxa(dethia)CoA is surprisingly slightly activating, while acetyl-aza(dethia)CoA is a moderate inhibitor. The malonyl-oxa/aza(dethia)CoAs are inhibitors with Ki’s near the Km of malonyl-CoA. For comparison, we determine the FabH catalyzed decomposition rates for acetyl/malonyl-CoA, revealing some fundamental catalytic traits of FabH. The stable and inhibitory properties of the substrate analogs makes them promising for structure-function studies to undercover the basis of FabH cooperativity and enzyme:substrate interactions.
Thermal-Vacuum Method for Obtaining Nanodispersed Zirconium Dioxide
Authors: Kutovyi Volodymyr , Malykhin Dmitry , Virych Volodymyr , Vasilenko Ruslan
Published: August 2022

An energy-efficient thermal-vacuum method for continuous production of nanodispersed powder of amorphous zirconium dioxide from zirconium hydroxide has been developed. This approach is based on a principle of creating an aerodynamic flow with an initial powder-like material in the cavity of the heating element of a thermal-vacuum installation. In this way, short-term contacts of particles of zirconium hydroxide with the inner surface of the heating element made in the form of the winding helical are created. As a result, the crushing of the particles is carried out due to the high thermal stresses in the particles contacted. This process is aggravated by the presence of residual moisture in the original powdery material. Transformations of the zirconium hydroxide in the process of thermal-vacuum treatment have been investigated. Amorphous dioxide has been obtained. The study of structural composition of the material in the initial state and processed in a thermal-vacuum installation was carried out using X-ray analysis and scanning microscopy. Experimental data on the structural-phase composition of the original material and data on the closest structural prototypes of crystalline-impurity compounds are presented. They are also given data on the volume of crystal cells and estimates of the molar concentration of the components. A mass spectrometric assessment of the elemental composition of the obtained zirconium dioxide is given. Thermal-vacuum method allows toobtain highly dispersed zirconium dioxide in its amorphous state directly from zirconium hydroxide without using liquid media and, moreover, in a short time – within 15...20 s.
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Parameters of the Processes of Deuterium Interaction with Tungsten Protective Coatings
Authors: Karpov Sergiy , Ruzhytskyi Valeryi , Tolstolutskaya Galyna , Vasilenko Ruslan , Kuprin Oleksandr , Leonov Sergiy
Published: August 2022

The effect of radiation damage on the retention of deuterium in tungsten (W) was examined. A vacuum-arc plasma source with magnetic stabilization of the cathode spot was used for tungsten coatings preparation. W samples were treated with D ions at temperatures 300‑600 K with a fluence of (1 – 10) ·1020 D2+/m2 and ion energies of 12 keV/D2+. The influence of radiation damage on microstructure and accumulation of deuterium implanted in W samples at room temperature and after annealing have been studied. Thermal desorption (TD) spectroscopy was used to determine the D retained throughout the bulk of the sample. The structure of TD spectra represents the multi-stage process of deuterium release suggesting the trapping of gas atoms by a number of defect types. Computational evaluation of deuterium desorption within the framework of the diffusion-trapping model allows to associate characteristics of experimental TD spectra with specific trapping sites in the material. Experimental TD spectrum was fitted by assigning four binding energies of 0.55 eV, 0.74 eV, 1.09 eV and 1.60 eV for the peaks with maxima at 475, 590, 810 and 1140 K, respectively. The low temperature peak in the TD spectra is associated with desorption of deuterium bounded to the low energy natural traps, whereas the other peaks are related to the desorption of deuterium bounded to the high energy ion induced traps: monovacancies and vacancy clusters.
Thermoelectric Coefficients Of Heavily Doped N-Type Silicon
Authors: Gebru Mulugeta Habte
Published: August 2022

In this study the thermoelectric effect is investigated in terms of thermoelectric power, Figure of merit(ZT), and power factor. The calculations were carried out based on Boltzmann transport equation by taking ionized impurity scattering as a dominant mechanism for heavily doped n-type silicon at 300K with charge concentration varies from 2×1018 /cm3 – 20×1020 /cm3. It is known that doping of materials can induce Fermi level shifts and doping can also induce changes of the transport mechanisms. The result of this study shows doping also induces changes in thermoelectric power, Figure of merit, and power factor. The magnitude of the change is different for consideration of parabolic density of states and non-parabolic modified density of states which amounts to 16.7% for thermoelectric power, from 0.059% - 84.1% for Figure of merit(ZT) in favor of non-parabolic consideration respectively. There is also a difference of 39.9% for power factor with respect to relaxation time between the two cases in favor of the parabolic consideration.
MONITORING OF THE LOCAL MARKET OF RESTAURANT SERVICES
Authors: Soroka Larysa , Ivanenko Iryna
Published: August 2022

The article examines the state and prospects of the local market of restaurant services by conducting a sociological online survey. The restaurant market of the city of Izmail, Odessa region is chosen as object of research. The marketing research of a condition of the market of the offer is carried out, perspective niches for development of restaurant business are defined.

Analysis of trends in the market of restaurant services for 2017-2020. showed that the market is in its infancy, as evidenced by the calculations of the availability of seats in the public network of restaurants in Izmail: as of 2020 there is a shortage of seats per 1,000 inhabitants. It is established that a significant factor influencing the situation in the market of restaurant services is the level of income: declining incomes encourage consumers to refrain from visiting restaurants and prefer home-cooked meals. The reduction in the number of restaurant establishments in 2020 was caused by the COVID-19 pandemic: many restaurateurs were unable to maintain their quarantined activities and were forced to close their establishments.

Diagnosis of the structure of the market of restaurant services in Izmail showed that the largest market share is occupied by cafes, restaurants, coffee shops and canteens. We characterize the structure of the restaurant services market as optimal, because most establishments are designed for middle-income customers. An analysis of the geographical location of Izmail's restaurant enterprises led to the conclusion that most of the establishments are located in the city center, while there are almost no establishments located outside the city limits.

Thus, 402 respondents took part in the sociological survey, of which 51% were men and 49% were women. The age structure is represented mainly by young respondents: 45,27% - participants aged 20 to 30 years, 30,35% - from 30 to 50 years. The most popular among the respondents were restaurants «pizzeria» (24.38%), «cafe» (18.41%), «coffee shop» (16.67%) and «restaurant» (10.20%). Most often, survey participants visit restaurants to celebrate celebrations (35,82%), meetings with relatives and friends (26,62%) and meals during breaks at work or study (12,94%). According to the majority of respondents, there are not enough restaurants outside the city (18,66%), in the «Fortress» area (17,91%) and in the city center. According to the format of the institution, which is not enough in the city, the opinions of respondents were divided: 20,90% consider it appropriate to open a restaurant complex; 20,40% - coffee; 19,15% - restaurant; 18,16 - pizzeria. Given the consumer demand for visits to restaurants located in nature, we consider it appropriate to develop a niche of country restaurants or complexes.
IMPLEMENTATION OF NNEGC “ENERGOATOM” COMPLIANCE-POLICY AS THE BASIS OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
Authors: Bereziuk Kateryna
Published: August 2022

The article focuses on the analysis of the compliance policy implementation in Ukraine's nuclear energy. The experience of implementing the compliance function abroad and at domestic enterprises is considered, the main problems of policy functioning are analyzed, and the reserves of improvement are revealed. In recent years, more and more companies in developed countries have begun to implement the compliance function. It has undergone a particular path of evolution, from formal compliance advice to broad integration of compliance into the social responsibility system. In Ukraine, particularly in the energy sector, compliance policy remains a narrow area to minimize legal and reputational risks. Compliance policy ensures that the company complies not only with internal rules but also with legal norms. Thus, compliance is the basis of social responsibility. However, insufficient attention is paid to this area. The low level of robotization of business processes in which the compliance function is involved, the lack of specialists in compliance, the lack of methodological support confirm this. Despite the improvement of compliance policy at NNEGC "Energoatom", the promotion of ethical and responsible business, the company identified severe problems in legal responsibility. There are many facts of corruption violations and abuses, which are confirmed by law enforcement agencies and anonymous surveys of nuclear power workers. Based on the reports on the implementation of anti-corruption programs, a risk assessment matrix of NNEGC Energoatom has been constructed. The most significant risks are associated with procurement procedures for goods and services and conflicts of interest. There are several solutions to reduce corruption risks, remarkably: ensuring full automation of the procurement process in the SAR ERP system, reducing the number of intermediaries, increasing the percentage of direct contracts.
LEGITIMACY THEORY IN THE FORMATION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL BASIS OF THE COMPANIES’ NON-FINANCIAL REPORTING SYSTEM
Authors: Mysaka Hanna , Derun Ivan
Published: August 2022

Ensuring sustainable development depends on achieving balanced economic efficiency management with a parallel solving the humankind social and environmental problems. This led to the formation of an information request for reporting on the social and environmental aspects of business-doing under the pressure of the world economy development and the civil society formation. Stakeholders’ dissatisfaction with the degree of reliability, relevance and comparability of non-financial reporting voluntarily published by companies prompts the search for new mechanisms for its provision, since the problems of climate change, the fighting inequality and poverty have rapidly acquired a global scale and require urgent solutions.

The paper examines the main concepts of the origin of phenomenon of non-financial reporting as a tool for communication between a company and its stakeholders. It has been established that the legitimacy theory plays a key role in stimulating the companies’ voluntary disclosure of non-financial reporting and in the formation of the institutional and legal basis for the transition to a mandatory procedure for its provision both at the national and supranational levels. Based on a critical analysis of the voluntary disclosure practice of information on the economic, environmental and social aspects of business-doing, the authors substantiated the need to legalize the non-financial reporting system as the next stage of its evolution in the interests of all stakeholders.

It was found that the relevance of non-financial reporting indicators is influenced by the correct interpretation of the concept of “non-financial information” in the context of the characteristics of the business entities’ activity. Based on this, the authors substantiated their own definition of non-financial reporting and made an assumption about the implementing of the mandatory reporting in a certain order, taking into account the contiguity of the thematic areas to which certain non-financial reports are devoted. It has been proved that the root causes of the unreliability and low information content of non-financial reporting are the insufficient development of standards (or other norms), based of which it is drawn up, and the system of its independent assessment.
DIRECTIONS FOR STRENGTHENING THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Dziurakh Yurii , Kulyniak Ihor , Veselov Oleksandr
Published: August 2022

The financial and economic system of Ukraine is at the stage of formation and transformation into a relatively effective market-oriented model of economic development. However, given the financial and socio-economic crises of recent years, political instability and military conflicts in the east of the country, the level of financial and economic security of Ukraine is declining. Another factor influencing the level of financial and economic security of Ukraine is the spread of the global pandemic COVID-19. The urgency of the issue confirms the goal set in the article to improve the theoretical, scientific, methodological, and applied provisions for strengthening the financial and economic security of Ukraine in the context of the global pandemic COVID-19. To achieve this goal, the authors of the study considered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global financial and economic development, in particular, analyzed key financial and economic indicators in the world, which revealed the volatility of stock indices and interest rates. The main negative changes in the level of unemployment in the world and real GDP under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic was also analyzed and identified. The authors studied the world experience in combating the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and developed a set of measures to improve the financial and economic security of Ukraine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The priority is to preserve economic potential, social capital and create on their basis the preconditions for further economic growth. As the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the main problems of financial and economic security management in Ukraine, the authors identify a set of urgent crisis measures that can be implemented in the field of NBU policy, monetary policy, government structural policy, and public fiscal policy to support the economic growth of the country. It is emphasized that public authorities need to implement certain measures to accelerate innovation in the financial sector. Characterizing the prospects of strengthening the financial and economic security of Ukraine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the main emphasis is on innovative areas of digitalization of the economy.
FEATURES OF HOTEL BUSINESS ORGANIZATION ON THE FRANCHISING CONDITIONS
Authors: Oginok Solomiya , Dyka Bohdana
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to defining the conceptual foundations of hotel franchising in the context of globalization of the world economy. In the course of the analysis the definition of the concept of franchising was given, the development of the hotel industry in Ukraine on the basis of the franchising agreement was considered. The most successful Ukrainian national networks were identified and compared with the international network in terms of such parameters as numbering and pricing policy. In addition, the investment climate of Ukraine was studied in order to place their branches by foreign TNCs with the help of SWOT-analysis. A development strategy for Ukraine was proposed in the direction of expanding its investment potential using the vector of strategic orientation.

Hotel business in the XXI century is one of the most profitable sectors of the economy. International experience shows that a key factor in the success of tourism development is a highly developed tourist infrastructure. Franchising is an ideal solution for entrepreneurs who want to create decent competition for their foreign and domestic counterparts, to form a business in such a way that it is profitable almost immediately, to avoid risks and to get as much income as possible at the lowest cost.

After analyzing franchising for the safety of doing business in the hotel business, we came to a clear conclusion and we can confidently call it a unique way to start a business, protecting business from failure. After all, with its help you can learn the practical experience of a successful business, get its name, reputation and trust of visitors from around the world. Hotel franchising will improve the tourism image, create a long-term strategy for sustainable development of the tourism sector of Ukraine and get the economic effect: obtaining new sources of foreign exchange earnings, job creation and as a result - prosperity of the national economy, especially given the investment climate of Ukraine for foreign TNCs is very favorable.
CENTRAL BANKS’ DIGITAL CURRENCIES: WORLD TRENDS AND PROSPECTS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Khutorna Myroslava , Zaporozhets Svitlana , Tkachenko Yuliya
Published: August 2022

The scientific article is aimed to generalize the basic concepts of CBDC emission, based on existing world experience and substantiation of the prerequisites for safe and effective implementation of CBDC in Ukraine. The paper substantiates the causal relationships between the nature and strength of the CBDC's influence on the economic and financial spheres of the country's economy; the level of demand for the new financial instrument by businesses and individuals, as well as the model of CBDC implementation (retail or wholesale). It is proposed to structure the factors that determine the level of CBDC demand among different economic agents according to the resource-oriented approach and to distinguish the following groups: economic (CBDC value fixing method, its liquidity level; possibility of adjusting instant payments; internal characteristics of CBDC); institutional (availability of CBDC’s circulation infrastructure; methodology for CBDC transactions accounting); socio-and-psychological (level of trust in the central bank); cognitive (level of digital and financial literacy of citizens; depth of society digitalization) and legal (legislative standardization of digital currencies).

It has been accomplished a comparative analysis of the world experience of digital currency regulation in terms of American, Asian and European markets, using the following criteria: the status of digital currencies in the country; prospects for the introduction of CBDC; legalization of digital currencies. Particular attention is paid to the systematization of the characteristics of the main national CBDC projects by central banks around the world. It is proved that the threats of CBDC implementation should be considered in terms of the following sources of their occurrence: technological; those arising from cybersecurity violations; those that influence the implementation of monetary policy; those that can disrupt financial stability. Regarding the prospects for the introduction of the digital currency of the central bank in Ukraine, the possible scenarios of the consequences of the depth of CBDC implementation on the state of the monetary system are substantiated. It is proved that in order to make an informed decision on the feasibility of CBDC in Ukraine, in addition to such a basic thing as legalization and creation of a full-fledged regulatory environment for digital currencies, it is important for the National Bank of Ukraine to determine the the model of e-hryvnia’s project realization (retail or wholesale); develop and actively implement CBDC promotion policy; develop cryptocurrency accounting standards; create a favorable institutional environment to promote the development of cryptocurrency circulation infrastructure, including the CBDC’s.
A Comparative Study of the Barriers and Opportunities for Urban Development in Wellington and Melbourne
Authors:   , foster angela
Published: August 2022

This thesis has come about as a result of witnessing limited growth in Wellington over the past ten years, considered problematic due to a perceived misalignment of desired urban outcomes, desired by the multiple stakeholders, political will, complicated by a complex resource management process (Elias, 2019). This research examines the impact of the resulting urban and governance culture on the built environment affecting development opportunities. It examines the changing role of stakeholders, specifically with regard to Wellington professionals and citizens, recognising a need to change how participation is viewed and facilitated in practice. The methodology followed by this thesis is predominantly qualitative to further the researcher’s knowledge and understanding of urban issues facing Wellington. The study also uses a comparative analysis of Wellington and Melbourne within a theoretical framework alongside the semi-structured interviews to understand the increasing gap between theory, policy, and the actuality of the governance models in practice in New Zealand. Respondents discussed their understanding of governance structure within the global context and then situated this within their knowledge of Wellington. This study then reports on the predominant issues that emerged as a result of collating data, the subsequent analysis, and theoretical positions combined. As part of the qualitative process, respondents were asked to describe their experiences. The interview process looked to engender a wider discussion through more informal conversations to understand the social and cultural implications considered by the interviewees relative to the challenges facing urban development. The format also allowed respondents to comment on areas that could be improved upon in developing urban strategies in Wellington. The research revealed that the professionals interviewed are evidencing less citizen, developer, and designer investment in the process whereby barriers are generated by inconsistent governance practices making the building of progressive urban design difficult. This study goes on to conclude that Wellington’s built environment is suffering from the constraints of a broken system. The structure is reflective of a culture that has developed as a result of inflexible urban policy and governance structure that facilitates a litigious, risk-averse governance model, immobilising both consenting within Council and the private sectors’ will to develop more innovative urban solutions. Comparing Melbourne’s city vision and participatory governance models, it is identified that moving to promote, educate and gain urban political currency from citizens is key to effective governance, alongside agile policies and processes. This thesis suggests Melbourne's governance models and can be explored further to provide examples for the facilitation of better urban development strategies in Wellington.
The Exposure Network
Authors:   , Weaver Lewis
Published: August 2022

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is bound between the two themes of avoidance and exposure, which results in the various struggles and difficulties of one of the most common mental health disorders. The current treatment of the disorder focuses on exposure; encouraging people to challenge the avoidance behaviours with exposure-based practices. It is stated that exposure is the only way to challenge social anxiety disorder, yet what happens when you don’t need exposure to maintain social relationships?

The digitisation of the way we communicate, interact, and relate to each other has evolved with the construct of Social Networking Sites (SNS). The sites facilitate avoidance behaviour; ultimately letting a digital equivalent express our visualisation, communication, and expression. To propose an architecture solution similar to the current treatment of social anxiety, the digital avoidance cannot be overlooked.

In doing so, this thesis aims to address the question of how can architecture be further developed as a method of exposure to address the avoidance behaviour linked to Social Networking Sites (SNS) for those who experience Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)?

This proposed question progressed into a wide range of studies to establish the two themes of avoidance and exposure within the several subjects of social anxiety, social networking, and architecture. In these numerous explorations, the processes switched between different digital and analogue methods in alignment with the question.

Within the theoretical phase of the thesis, the introductory and literature review chapters define social anxiety and highlight key issues within the two themes of avoidance and exposure. The pre-design phase tests key literature through a series of chapters which focus on an avoidance study of social networking, a precedent and exposure study of architecture, and a study of the chosen site and program. The concept design phase offers a solution through architectural concepts, where several methods are tested to form a summary of design findings. The combined design forms a composition of the findings, where a final design proposition represents the accumulation of design knowledge.

In conclusion, the thesis aims to acknowledge avoidance appeals of social networking alongside methods of architectural exposure within a final design proposition. The accumulated design knowledge will inform the composition of spaces regarding exposure therapy practices, where it will offer architecture as the medium of exposure, and ultimately the solution.
Research on Tourism Brand Mascot Promotion
Authors: Qiu Guanqi
Published: August 2022

With the development of China’s tourism industry, the promotion of tourism brand mascots should be further optimized. By improving the promotion of tourism brand mascots, the connotation of tourism can be effectively expanded, so as to attract more consumers to participate in tourism activities. Promoting the mascots of tourism brands from different angles and levels will help increase the popularity of tourism brands and enhance people’s understanding of the culture and connotation of tourism brands [1]. Therefore, this article will discuss the promotion of tourism brand mascots and put forward several strategies for reference.
The Effectiveness of “Ibu Pintar” Bookmic on Maternal Knowledge and Attitude toward Complementary Feeding Practice in Children Aged 6-24 Months
Authors: Lucita Fifty K. , Yuniastuti Ari , Farida Eko
Published: August 2022

Background: Complementary Feeding Practice is an important factor for the fulfilment of children’s nutritional needs. Due to the nutritional imbalance between the energy and nutrient needed by infants and what provided by breastmilk, therefore it should be fulfilled by comple- mentary feeding. One third of toddlers worldwide are in developing countries who obtain adequate complementary feeding, with a standard frequency and variety. Meanwhile, in Indonesia two third or most of the children aged 0-24 months do not obtain appropriate complementary food. The study aims to develop “Ibu Pintar” Bookmic, a media which is valid and effective to improve maternal knowledge and attitude in appropriate complementary feeding practice.
Subjects and Method: The design of the study used 2 methods. The first method was Research and Development to collect user data and subsequently generated a product that can be utilized to improve knowledge and attitude of mothers of toddlers. The second method was quasi expe- rimental design conducted before and after the study without any comparison to apply Paired Sample T-Test by using SPSS.
Results: The result indicated that after the treatment with “Ibu Pintar” Bookmic maternal knowledge in complementary feeding practice was improved (Mean= 1.42; SD= 0.67) compared to maternal knowledge in complementary feeding practice before the treatment (Mean= 0.66; SD; 0.77), and the result was statistically significant (p < 0.001). After the treatment with “Ibu Pintar” Bookmic maternal attitude in complementary feeding practice was improved (Mean= 0.76; SD= 0.43) compared to maternal attitude in complementary feeding practice before the treatment (Mean= 0.44; SD; 0.50), and the resulf was statistically significant (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: “Ibu Pintar” Bookmic is effective for maternal knowledge and attitude in complementary feeding practice.
Keywords: knowledge, attitude, and complementary food.
Correspondence: Fifty K. Lucita. Master’s Program in Public Health, Universitas Negeri Semarang. Email: fifty.kaa@gmail.com. Mobile: +62 858-6922-1419.
Cumhuriyet dönemi Türk dili politikaları
Authors: BAŞ Özlem , TEMİZYÜREK Fahri
Published: August 2022

Devletin varlığını devam ettirebilmesi için gerekli unsurların başında dil gelmektedir. Bu nedenle devletlerin izledikleri dil politikası ve planlanması onları uluslararası arenada da etkin kılmaktadır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti’nin dili Türkçedir ve Türk milletinin köklü tarihine dayalı olarak Türkçe her dönemde varlığını korumuş ve sürdürmüştür. Şüphesiz Türkçenin dünya dilleri arasında hak ettiği değeri görmesinin ve varlığının teminatı olarak Atatürk’ün kurduğu Türk Dil Kurumu 1932 tarihinden bu yana bu konuda çalışmalar yürütmektedir. Devletin dille ilgili politikalarında yumuşak güç olarak kullandığı diplomatik kuruluşların da özellikle dil öğretimi açısından çok önemli payı vardır. Bu bağlamda Maarif Vakfı, Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı, Türksoy, Yurtdışı Türkler ve Akraba Topluluklar Başkanlığı, Türkmep ve Yunus Emre Enstitüsü bu kuruluşların önde gelenleridir. Devlet bir yandan diplomatik kuruluşlarla Türkçenin ana dil olarak ya da yabancı dil olarak öğretimini planlarken hazırlanan stratejik planlar, şura kararları ve on birinci kalkınma planının da bu konuya verdiği önemi maddeler hâlinde ortaya koymuştur. Günümüzde dünyada önemli bir konuşur sayısına ve prestije sahip olan Türkçe, bilim dili olma yolunda engelleri aşmaya çalışmaktır. Bu konudaki en önemli ön koşul ise toplumun kendi dilini başka dillerden aşağı görmeyeceği ve her daim diline sahip çıkacağı kuşaklar yetiştirmekten geçmektedir. 19. yüzyıldan bu tarafa saltanattan cumhuriyete gittikçe artan bir dozda devlet ve dil arasındaki bağ sıkılaşmış ve bilhassa Cumhuriyet döneminde modern bir şekle sokulmuş olan devletin dil ile ilgili hassasiyeti en üst dereceye çıkmıştır. Böylece devlet eliyle gerçekleştirilen modernleşmenin kültürel, siyasi ve bilimsel tarafını güçlendirmek ve toplumsal birlikteliği güçlendirerek geleceğe daha emin adımlarla yürüme kararlılığının en önemli aracı neredeyse dil olmuştur.
Edebiyata yansımalarıyla Ermeni Diasporasının kültürel kimliği
Authors: ERYILMAZ Doğanay , ERASLAN Hülya
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı Ermeni Diasporasının edebî üretimleri üzerinden kültürel kimliklerinin nasıl aktarıldığını ortaya koymaktır. Antik dönemlerden bu yana kullanılagelen kavramlardan olan “diaspora” terimi, başlangıçta asıl Grek yerleşiminin dışında kalan bölgelerde yaşayanları ifade etmek için kullanılırken, zamanla anlam genişlemesine uğramıştır. Bu nedenle, çalışmamızda öncelikle kavram olarak “diaspora”nın geçmişte ve günümüzde ifade ettiği anlamlara kısaca değinilecektir. Bir diasporanın oluşması için gerekli koşulları hazırlayan etkenler, temel olarak göçle başlayan süreçlerde ortaya çıkan anavatan algısı ve kimlik sorunudur. Bu etkenler birbirine sıkı sıkıya bağlıdır ve bu ilişkinin sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan diaspora kimliği farklı kültürel pratiklerin oluşmasına neden olur. Bu kültürel pratiklerden biri de edebiyattır. Diaspora edebiyatının herhangi bir yerel edebiyattan farklı olduğu kesindir. Dolayısıyla diaspora oluşumunda etkili olan etkenlere değinmeden diasporaların edebî faaliyetlerini anlamak mümkün olmayacaktır. Bu nedenle makalede, diasporik yapılarda edebiyatın nasıl oluştuğuna değinilecek, daha sonra Ermeni Diaspora edebiyatının kültürel kimliği konusu irdelenecektir. Çalışmamızda, Ermeni nüfusunun etkin bir şekilde faaliyet gösterdiği Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nden William Saroyan’ın öyküleri, yine Ermeni diasporasının etkin olduğu Fransa’dan Şahan Şahnur’un ilk romanı Şarkısız Ricat ve farklı bir diasporik yapı olan İran Ermenilerinden Zoya Pirzad’ın Işıkları Ben Söndürürüm adlı eseri incelenecektir. Bu eserlerin diaspora kültürel yaşantısını doğrudan yansıtması söz konusu olduğu için, çalışmamızda edebiyat sosyolojisi kuram ve yöntemlerinden yararlanılacaktır. Ayrıca, İran Ermenilerinin yapısı ve tarihsel arka planındaki farklılıklardan dolayı diğer diasporik unsurlardan ayrıldığı noktalar göz önünde bulundurularak karşılaştırmalı edebiyat bilimi kuram ve yöntemlerine de başvurulacaktır.
¿Por qué todas las niñas y niños son blancos? Racismo colorista en la representación corporal de infantes en la publicidad mexicana
Authors: Tipa Juris
Published: August 2022

Debido a los riesgos y las consecuencias sociales que involucra la normalización del racismo a través de las representaciones mediáticas, en este artículo se discuten las expresiones del racismo colorista en la publicidad mexicana de productos alimentarios y de higiene infantil. Con base en solicitudes para audiciones (castings), de manera cuantitativa (n=50) se analizaron los patrones y las lógicas subyacentes en las cuales está basada la representación imagen-corporal de infantes en la publicidad. Se concluye que en la representación publicitaria de los cuerpos de infantes destaca un mayor blanqueamiento corporal en comparación con las representaciones de personas de mayor edad, lo cual potencialmente refuerza una normalización del racismo colorista en la sociedad mexicana ya desde temprana edad.
Antecedents and Outcomes of Intimate Co-creation: A Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad Umar , Ishaque Amir
Published: August 2022

This qualitative research study aims at re-conceptualizing intimate co-creation on the basis of a qualitative data analysis. Hence, along with a latest conceptualization, theory of intimation co-creation has been empirically examined in this study. Based on the qualitative research approach of interpretive phenomenological analysis, qualitative data obtained from eight in-depth interviews was transcribed and coded in QDA Miner Lite software for analysis. Results found that five emerging themes represent the phenomenon of intimate co-creation. Furthermore, the contribution of this study was that a new research framework on intimate co-creation has been developed in which antecedents and potential outcomes of intimate co-creation have been identified. Propositions have been given as well to elaborate the relationship of antecedents and outcomes of intimate co-creation for future research direction.
A Moderated Mediation Model of Empowering Leadership and Employees’ Innovative Work Behavior
Authors: Riaz Amir , Shahid Muhammad , Ali Qamar
Published: August 2022

This study examined the moderated mediation model of empowering leadership and employees’ innovative work behavior (IWB) by analyzing the mediating role of employees’ psychological empowerment and high-performance work system (HPWS). Using the convenience sampling technique, time-lagged data was collected from 433 software engineers working in different software companies operating in Pakistan. Hierarchical regression analysis and PROCESS macro were used to perform the analysis. The findings revealed that empowering leadership impacts employees’ IWB directly as well as through their psychological empowerment, while HPWS moderates the relationship between empowering leadership and employees’ psychological empowerment. The findings further articulated that the moderated mediation effects of HPWS also arbitrate between empowering leadership and employees’ IWB. The results of this study implied that when employees work in the context of a high HPWS, they reciprocate positively to the support and resources received from their leaders. Similarly, in the context of a high HPWS, empowering leadership greatly enhances employees’ psychological empowerment and creativity. In the context of a low HPWS, employees’ IWB depends upon their leaders’ behavior and also on their own psychological empowerment. Hence, the study analyzed when (contextual boundary conditions) and how (the underlying mechanism) empowering leadership enhances employees’ IWB by utilizing the moderated mediation model.
ANÁLISE DE UMA ENCOSTA EM ÁREA DE RISCO NO BAIRRO DE AGUAZINHA - OLINDA/PE
Authors: Soares Guilherme Márcio , Lafayette Kalinny Patricia , Lima da Silva Luciana Cássia
Published: August 2022

O município de Olinda - PE tem como característica marcante o seu relevo com alta concentração de encostas, sendo, o entorno dessas encostas, em alguns bairros, como os de aguazinha e sapucaia, considerados como área de risco. A análise temporal da ocupação territorial de uma área de risco no bairro de Aguazinha – Olinda foi realizada a partir do georreferenciamento de ortofotocartas, ortoimagens e imagens de satélite para os anos de 1975, 1986, 2009 e 2018. Foi analisada a área de estudo em termos de solo natural, vegetação e mancha urbana. A análise temporal de uso do solo demonstrou que a área de mancha urbana cresceu em 73,12% e a área de vegetação diminui em 54,44%, assim como a área de solo exposto, que diminuiu em 18,67%. A pesquisa mostrou que a ocupação não planejada aliada aos fatores naturais de risco inerentes aos solos presentes nas encostas traz grandes riscos a população e pode comprometer o funcionamento da comunidade.