bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the development of flexibility of gymnasts 8-9 years old using the «stretching» program
Authors: Deineko Alfiya , Belenkaya Irina
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the issues of improving the development of flexibility of gymnasts of 8-9 years old using the «stretching» program. The work shows that flexibility is an important component of sportsmanship in training gymnasts, since its insufficient development significantly complicates the process of formation of specific skills, coordination of movements, limits the possibility of manifestation and increase of strength and speed abilities, increases the likelihood of damage to muscles, tendons, joints. It was determined that the methods and techniques that help to maximize the use of stretching in order to increase the elasticity of the muscles of young gymnasts, improve the flexibility of their joints and minimize the risk of injury, are combined into a single stretching program.

Stretching is a range of exercises designed to improve flexibility and mobility in the joints. Flexibility is one of the most important physical qualities that determines a person's ability to perform movements with a large amplitude. The main importance of stretching is the ability to lengthen muscle fibers by stretching, increase the range of motion in the joints, and accelerate the body's recovery after intense physical exertion. With correct (without jerking) slow stretching, the initial muscle contraction turns into relaxation. As a result of regular exercise, joint mobility and muscle elasticity increase. Stretching exercises perfectly relax muscles, improve their tone, supply oxygen, nutrients, and promote the elimination of toxins.

According to the results of the study, it was found that the proposed complexes of exercises «stretching» programs contribute to an increase in the level of development of flexibility of gymnasts of 8-9 years old.
Use of basketball in extracurricular forms of classes with children of senior school age
Authors: Pavlova Tetyana , Brichuk Maria , Еfanova Valentina
Published: October 2021

Basketball, as an important means of physical education and health improvement of children, is included in the compulsory programs of general education schools. Basketball provides versatile development, an increase in almost all motor and coordination qualities, agility and accuracy. Purpose: to assess the effectiveness of using basketball equipment in extracurricular activities with children of senior school age. Materials and methods: theoretical analysis of scientific literature data, anthropometric methods, physiological methods, assessment of the level of somatic health, pedagogical methods, statistical methods of data processing. The experiment involved 20 children aged 15-17 years old, students of 9-11 grades of a comprehensive school. Results. The use of training lessons in basketball in senior school age should take into account the functional state of the body of children. In the experimental group, 80% of children had an average level of somatic health and 20% below average. Above average, low and high levels were not identified. In the control group, 40% of the pupils had a low level of somatic health, 30% of those studied had a lower than average level of somatic health and 30% had an average level. Above average and high levels were not revealed. According to the results, it can be noted that there were no deviations in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, both in the control and in the experimental groups. The analysis of the results of pedagogical testing made it possible to establish in the age aspect their gradual, but, as a rule, uneven growth. The analysis of testing the long jump found that: in the experimental group, all students showed better results at the initial stage than at the final stage. Conclusions. Comparing the results, we can conclude that the results in the two groups were quite high and corresponded to the indicators of physical fitness of senior schoolchildren.
Optimization of physical fitness of rowers-academics
Authors: Shalar O. , Strikalenko Y. , Huzar V. , Homenko V. , Andreeva R.
Published: October 2021

The article reveals and analyzes the content of physical training of rowers-academics of two schools of higher sportsmanship: Kherson and Dnipro in the preparatory period. The training programs included exercises in gyms with different weights, namely lying down, squats with a barbell; rowing on an ergometer; long distance running. The magnitude of the training load, the intensity of training was determined by coaches depending on the condition of the athlete.
Changes in the indicators of physical fitness of these athletes were studied. It is proved that after the training camp in the preparatory period of training rowers-academics the result on the rowing ergometer Concept 2 increased and the growth rate in the national team of Dnipro SHVSM was 1.2%, and in the national team of Kherson SHVSM 0.7%. According to the test, the thrust of the barbell lying - in the national team of the Dnieper SHVSM 11.7%, and in the national team of the Kherson SHVSM 27.8%. A promising area of further work is to study the features of technical training of rowers-academics.
The need for targeted training in the training process from the stage of preliminary basic training to higher sports skills requires finding the best options for training planning in each age group and for different periods and stages of the annual cycle.
The experience of the past years shows that the process of development of sports results in rowing is organically connected with the improvement of the physical fitness of the rower, but the reserves in this direction are not yet exhausted.
Splitting the Atom: Articulações pós-cinemáticas do som e da visão
Authors: Shaviro Steven
Published: October 2021

Nas últimas décadas, algo aconteceu à forma como temos nos relacionado com os sons e as imagens. Houve uma mudança na mídia audiovisual. Tecnologias eletrônicas tem substituído tecnologias mecânicas. Formas analógicas de codificação, armazenamento e transmissão cederam espaço às formas digitais. Estes desenvolvimentos se correlacionam com novas formas de ver e ouvir, bem como com novas combinações entre o ver e o ouvir. Adquirimos assim novos hábitos e estabelecemos novas expectativas. Uma nova estética audiovisual emerge agora. No texto a seguir, eu busco descrever esta nova estética, ao mesmo tempo em que especulo sobre suas possíveis causas e potenciais implicações.
Morphological Alterations and Virulence Gene Expression of Listeria Monocytogenes Cells in Response to Gamma Irradiation Treatments
Authors: Elabed Hamouda
Published: October 2021

Gamma irradiation is one of the most popular ray treatments in food industry. It's used to control micro-organisms proliferation in a wide range of products however the response of bacteria to low doses is still unknown. In this study we mainly focus on morphological alteration and virulence gene expression in Listeria monocytogenes after gamma irradiation treatments. The atomic force micrographs (AFM) showed that 0.5 kGy dose has no effect on the membrane morphology of L. monocytogenes. However, after 0.7 kGy treatment, the cells lost their typical shape and smooth membrane and 1 kGy dose was totally destructive. Moreover, membrane fatty acid composition was analyzed by the chromatographic method after different gamma doses. Significant modifications on fatty acids composition were detected in the irradiated strain showing a novo synthesis of membrane lipids: C12:0; C14:0; C15:0; C16:0 and C18:0. In addition, we reported an increase of the saturated fatty acid, essential for membrane adaptation under stress conditions. The expression levels of three virulence genes (hlyA, fri and prfA) were studied in the same conditions using real-time PCR technique. The analysis revealed that both prfA and fri genes were up-regulated after gamma treatment. The induction of prfA, which is a regulator gene, may affect the expression other genes controlling the adaptive form in the treated strain. This study open prospects for further researches to explain the regulatory mechanisms of the adaptive response in Listeria monocytogenes when exposed to sublethal irradiation-stress.
Preparation and Quality Evaluation of Buckwheat Incorporated Bread
Authors: Ghimire Arjun
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to optimize buckwheat flour in bread. The product formulation was based on the results obtained from the DOE (Design of Expert) v 7.1.5. Buckwheat flour incorporated bread was prepared with the incorporation of buckwheat flour in 10%, 17.5%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 32.5%, and 40% concentration with wheat flour. The physical properties of buckwheat were analyzed along with the different physical properties of the prepared product. The proximate along with iron content and sensory analysis of buckwheat incorporated bread of different concentrations was carried out and the means were compared at a 5% level of significance. The physical properties of buckwheat revealed the l/b ratio of 1.51, bulk density of 70.23 Kg/HL, and 1000 Kernel weight of 22.12g, respectively. Physical analysis of the bread formulations showed that the loaf volume and specific loaf volume decreased while the weight increased with the incorporation of buckwheat flour. The lowest loaf volume of 204 cm3 and specific loaf volume of 1.86cm3/g was recorded for 40% buckwheat incorporated bread with an increased weight of 109.40g. The protein, fat, crude fiber, ash, and iron were found to be 12.55%, 4.89%, 1.56%, 2.43%, and 3.27 mg/100 g respectively, in 25% buckwheat flour incorporated bread. The formulation of 25% buckwheat flour was found to be best in sensory characteristics in terms of color, taste, flavor, crumb appearance, and overall acceptability. Hence, the results concluded that 25% buckwheat incorporated flour bread was the optimum bread formulation for the preparation of composite bread.
Analysis of Functional Foods and Active Ingredients used in Sports
Authors: Pal Mahendra
Published: October 2021

There are more and more group sports events and individual sporting opportunities in the world. In this case, a number of factors need coordinated organ function. This requires an increased attention to the protection of the athlete's health.The regular consumption of functional foods with physiologically active substances found in them can stimulate organ function. Physiologically active ingredients in these functional foods include minerals, macronutrients, conjugated linoleic acid, coenzyme Q10, probiotics, prebiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, choline, and vitamins. Their effect is also beneficial in the functioning of the movement system, circulatory system, visceral organs, regulatory system and sensory system. Our publication is aimed to analyze the organ systems used in the physical activity, the functional foods that affect them, and the active ingredients in them. It is imperative to use nutritionally rich foods for keeping good health.
Propriétés antiseptiques d’extrait éthanolique de Juglans regia (L.) et évaluation de son potentiel antibiofilm in vitro en implantologie orthopédique
Authors: Djairene N. , Cherif H.S. , Hamaidi-Chergui F. , Azrou S.
Published: October 2021

L’objectif assigné à la présente étude est d’élaborer une solution antiseptique à base d’extrait éthanolique des feuilles du noyer (Juglans regia (L.)) et d’évaluer le potentiel antibiofilm in vitro des souches staphylocoques incriminées dans les infections ostéoarticulaires sur matériel (IOAM) en chirurgie orthopédique postopératoire. L’extrait éthanolique de Juglans regia (L.) a été incorporé comme un principe actif antimicrobien dans la formulation de la solution antiseptique 2 %. Quatorze souches de Staphylococcus aureus ont été collectées sur pus de plaies postopératoires, chez des sujets victimes d’une fracture osseuse, bénéficiant d’une prothèse et/ou d’un matériel d’ostéosynthèse (fixateur externe, vis, clou, plaque vissée). La méthode de la plaque à microtitration a été utilisée pour évaluer la capacité des souches pathogènes prélevées de produire le biofilm. Le potentiel antibiofilm de la solution antiseptique 2 % a été réalisé par la technique de dilution en milieu liquide pour la détermination de la concentration minimale inhibitrice de biofilm (CMIB). La CMIB a mis en évidence un effet antibiofilm remarquable. Une CMIB mesurée à 6,25 % (v/v) a manifesté un degré de sensibilité antibiofilm efficace in vitro sur 92,86 % des souches. Face à l’efficacité de la solution antiseptique 2 % sur les germes incriminés dans les IOAM, son utilisation comme un produit naturel, sans effets indésirables pour les soins locaux et la désinfection cutanée postchirurgicale, semble prometteuse dans la lutte contre les infections.
Conceptualizing an Outside World
Authors: Ros Ruben
Published: October 2021

This article studies the concept of buitenland (the foreign) in a broad sample of Dutch newspapers in the period between 1815 and 1914. Buitenland emerged as a key concept in the nineteenth century. It referred to an “outside word” that was marked by semantic properties such as instability and closeness. As such, this apparently mundane spatial indicator bolstered the emergent “spatial regime” of globality and globalization. The article thus shows how a computational analysis of concepts that could be easily overlooked reveals structural transformations in the way past and present societies conceptualize (global) space.
Formação de professores em Química e Física de Pernambuco e suas relações com as novas perspectivas de aprendizagem uma análise documental à luz da Teoria dos Construtos Pessoais e das Gerações da Avaliação
Authors: Rego Ana Maria da Cunha , Viana Kilma da Silva Lima
Published: October 2021

Essa dissertação de Ana Maria é resultado de muitas inquietações, desafios e buscas, afinal, uma dissertação de mestrado vai muito além de uma pesquisa científica. Tem a ver com a trajetória do pesquisador, com suas construções pessoais, suas angústias e com suas aspirações. Pesquisar profundamente sobre um objeto, é conversar com suas referências, mas também é se debruçar em análises, conflitos, categorias e mergulhar no universo interior, desligando-se dos pensamentos simplistas e do senso comum. Como sua orientadora no mestrado, pude acompanhar cada passo que percorrido nessa busca incessante que Ana Maria passou. Foi uma trajetória acadêmico-científica de muita luta e perseverança, pois, antes de sermos pesquisadores, somos humanos e as nossas humanidades permeiam as idas e vindas da pesquisa. Não fazemos pesquisas como máquinas, a produção está envolvida com nosso cotidiano, nossas relações interpessoais, nossa vida profissional, nossos afazeres diários, nosso coração, nossas emoções. Sim. A pesquisa é produzida por pessoas. Conseguir controlar as variáveis que influenciam nossos pensamentos, no momento da construção, análise dos dados e escrita da dissertação é o maior desafio do pesquisador e Ana Maria fez isso de maneira brilhante, de um modo que nem ela mesma entendeu a dimensão do esforço e resiliência que teve. O resultado de todos os dias de estudos durante o mestrado, somados aos dias de dedicação desde a sua formação inicial e especialização, foi uma fotografia do lugar da Avaliação da Aprendizagem na formação dos professores de Física e Química das instituições públicas do Estado de Pernambuco, através de uma pesquisa documental, à luz da Teoria dos Construtos Pessoais e das Gerações da Avaliação. Com essa pesquisa, foi possível entender o quanto ainda é preciso caminhar para que as novas perspectivas da avaliação façam parte dos estudos dos nossos futuros professores. Foi possível também observar o quanto esse trabalho de pesquisa poderá auxiliar na reflexão acerca da necessária reformulação dos cursos de Licenciatura em Física e Química no nosso Estado. Diante disso, convido você para percorrer conosco as páginas desse livro, entender sobre a realidade dos cursos de Licenciaturas em Física e Química e vislumbrar possibilidades de melhorias para a formação dos futuros professores a partir das sugestões propostas por Ana Maria.
ЛЯЛЬКИ – «МОРАЛЬНІ ПУТІВНИКИ» ЯК ЗАСІБ ФОРМУВАННЯ ЖИТТЄВОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ
Authors: КАЗАЧІНЕР Олена , БОЙЧУК Юрій
Published: October 2021

У статті з’ясовано, що проблема формування життєвої компетентності у дітей дошкільного віку є актуальним завданням дошкільної освіти. Саме дошкільна ланка посідає фундаментальне місце у формуванні та становленні дитини як суб’єкта життєтворчості. Обґрунтовано необхідність та пошук ефективних шляхів формування життєвої компетентності дітей дошкільного віку. Охарактеризовано дефініції понять «ляльки-«моральні путівники», «ляльки-персони». Розкрито зміст методики «Лялька як персона»: педагогічний підхід для соціального і психологічного розвитку дитини», яка покликана навчати дітей: позитивно сприймати себе в різних ситуаціях; шанувати свою родину та родини інших; співчувати, чути інших і вчитися одне в одного; стояти за себе в ситуаціях несправедливості й упередження; переносити навички спілкування з лялькою на реальні життєві ситуації. Виокремлено основні принципи використання ляльок у процесі морального виховання дітей дошкільного віку: рівність у ставленні до дітей; емоційне реагування на поведінку; групове й індивідуальне спілкування; сюрпризність візиту; сталість дій під час приходу; стимулювальний вплив; моральне наповнення; різноманітність форм контактування. Лялька стимулює говорити дітей про упередження, стереотипи, хибні уявлення. Завдяки цьому можна дізнатися про думки й переживання вихованців, запобігати виникненню проблем у майбутньому. Запропоновано методичні рекомендації для вихователів закладів дошкільної освіти щодо використання «ляльок-«моральних путівників» у роботі з дітьми. Встановлено, що лялька – «моральний путівник» має стати для дітей другом. Вони починають довіряти їй свої таємниці, просять поради у складних ситуаціях, діляться досягненнями тощо. А лялька своєю чергою радіє їхнім успіхам, підказує, як чинити по совісті, та допомагає долати труднощі.
Transparency of Village Financial Management in Pulau Morotai Regency
Authors: Mahdi Suriana A.R. , Syahdan Rinto , Nurdin Nurdin , Buamonabot Irfandi
Published: October 2021

This study aims to provide an overview of the transparency of village financial management in Pulau Morotai Regency, North Maluku Province, Indonesia. The sample in this study was taken by using a purposive sampling method, involving 440 respondents, and spread in 88 villages in Pulau Morotai Regency. Data processing techniques used descriptive statistics with a class interval approach. The results show that the indicators of clarity of roles and responsibilities, implementation of government affairs are still dominated by the head of the village who has the authority for village financial management. Indicators of budget disclosure show relatively the same as indicators of clarity of roles and responsibilities. The indicators of information availability indicate that the accessibility of public information in villages located in the subdistrict capital is relatively good. In contrast, the last indicator, integrity assurance, shows that data validity still being a problem in the village planning process. This study also discusses the implications as well as suggestions for future studies.
Australian Gonococcal Surveillance Programme Annual Report, 2020 - Revised version, updated 15 September 2021
Authors: Lahra Monica M , Hogan Tiffany R , Shoushtari Masoud , Armstrong Benjamin H ,   the National Neisseria Network, Australia
Published: October 2021

The Australian Gonococcal Surveillance Programme (AGSP), established in 1981, has continuously monitored antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for more than 40 years. In 2020, a total of 7,222 clinical isolates of gonococci from patients in the public and private sectors, in all jurisdictions, were tested for in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility by standardised methods.
Current treatment recommendations for gonorrhoea, for the majority of Australia, continues to be dual therapy with ceftriaxone and azithromycin. In 2020, decreased susceptibility (DS) to ceftriaxone (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] value ≥ 0.06 mg/L) was found nationally in 0.9% of isolates. There was one isolate, reported from Victoria in 2020, that was resistant to ceftriaxone (MIC value ≥ 0.25 mg/L). Resistance to azithromycin (MIC value ≥ 1.0 mg/L) was found nationally in 3.9% of N. gonorrhoeae isolates, continuing a downward trend observed and reported since 2017. Isolates with high-level resistance to azithromycin (MIC value ≥ 256 mg/L) are identified sporadically in Australia; in 2020, there was one such isolate reported in Queensland.
In 2020, penicillin resistance was found in 27% of gonococcal isolates nationally, and ciprofloxacin resistance in 36%; however, there is considerable variation by jurisdiction. In some remote settings, penicillin resistance remains low, and this drug continues to be recommended as part of an empiric therapy strategy. In 2020, in remote Northern Territory, no penicillin resistance was reported, and in remote Western Australia 5/116 of gonococcal isolates (4.3%) were penicillin resistant. There was one ciprofloxacin-resistant isolate reported from remote Northern Territory, and ciprofloxacin resistance rates remain comparatively low in remote Western Australia (4/116; 3.4%).
PRAIRIE GRASS AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR SHORT-ROTATION RYEGRASS
Authors: Pantall A.W.
Published: October 2021

Prairie grass (Bromus catharticus) has been recognised as a valuable species in dairying pastures for many years in the warmer and more fertile areas of New Zealand.
SOME FACTORS AFFECTING PRODUCTION ON A BAY OF PLENTY DAIRY FARM
Authors: Yeoman A.A.
Published: October 2021

This paper tells something of the story of the development of a low-producing, partially developed property in the Tauranga County. It is probably representative of hundreds of farms in this area which were in this backward condition at the end of the Second World War and have been brought to a reasonable state of productivity by the present occupiers.
GROWTH INHIBITION IN SOME MARLBOROUGH SOILS
Authors: Beggs J.P.
Published: October 2021

The problem I am going to discuss, which is seen in its most severe form on the Wither Hills near Blenheim, is predominantly one of securing clover establishment from oversowing, although unthrifty growth following establishment is apparently another facet of the same problem. The trouble does not appear to exist-certainly not in a severe form-when cultivation accompanied by liming and appropriate fertilising is adopted.
THE PLACE OF LUCERNE 1N DRY-LAND FARMING
Authors: Flay A.H.
Published: October 2021

Lucerne as a dry-land fodder plant is centuries old. It is used in most lands subject to dry summer conditions. Its deep rooting characteristic, its winter dormancy, and its rapid growth in high temperatures fit it for use in a wide range of climatic and soil conditions. It is readily eaten as hay or in the green state by all classes of stock. It will, however, not tolerate waterlogged or acid soils. To establish the place of lucerne in dry-land farming it is necessary to examine a number of factors, the most important being the seasonal nature of its growth, the grazing management to which it must be subjected, and the effect a large area of lucerne can have on the overall carrying capacity of the farm. Finally, to demonstrate more clearly the place of luccrnc on a ploughable dry land farm, it is necessary to construct a farm unit with the maximum arca in lucerne.
FARMING IN MARLBOROUGH
Authors: Beggs J.P.
Published: October 2021

There is little chance in dealing with a wide subject such as this in the short period of 20 minutes of doing justice to the various facets of farming in Marlborough Province and I can only hope to outline briefly the more important types of farming and perhaps to stress the more striking features of primary production in the area.
SYMPOSIUM ON GRASSLANDS DIVISION'S NEW RYEGRASS 1. ARIKI, A NEW SELECTED PERENNIAL-TYPE RYEGRASS VARIETY
Authors: Barclay P.C.
Published: October 2021

Ariki (previously referred to as long-rotation ryegrass or new hybrid ryegrass) is a new variety bred from crosses between shortrotation ryegrass and N.Z. Perennial ryegrass. The success of Corkilll in breeding short-rotation from croSses between Italian ryegrass and perennial ryegrass led to this new improvement programme aimed at breeding a ryegrass with far more persistency than short-rotation but retaining its excellent seasonal growth and palatability. Corkill" was in charge of this programme from 1951 to 1957; sinde then it has been under the control of the author.
THE EFFECT OF MOLE DRAINAGE AND WINTER PUGGING ON GRASSLAND PRODUCTION
Authors: Scott R.S.
Published: October 2021

Drainage has been of primary importance in the development of much of New Zealand's lowland country for agricultural use. Without drainage much land is too wet to carry stock and machinery (in a physical sense) or to permit the establishment and maintenance of suitable pasture species. The necessity to drain such land if it is to be farmed at all is beyond dispute.
PASTURE MANAGEMENT .FOR HIGH PRODUCTION ON A DAIRY FARM
Authors: Sandbrook C.L.
Published: October 2021

At a very impressionable age I sat the the feet of a great master, an extension officer who expounded the principles of good pasture management. Some of the things he said have stayed with me over the years: "Grass is green gold". "It takes grass to grow grass." A little later in life, from one of his disciples, ,I learnt another principle: "Graze in situ". Largely from these three maxims, plus the necessity of feeding an increasing number of cows on a fixed acreage, I have evolved my present system of pasture management. Naturally my viewpoint as a practising farmer will be a fairly narrow one, my experiences being largely confined to the southern Hawke's Bay district. Nevertheless I hope it will be an intensive one, an enlargement as it were
THE APPLICATION OF THE MAKE A MATCH TYPE OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE THE ACTIVITY AND ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDYING PHYSICS
Authors: Ewisahrani E. , Nursa’ban Eva , Fathurrahmaniah F
Published: October 2021

Research has been carried out entitled the application of the Make A Match cooperative learning model to increase the activity and learning achievement of physics class VII students of SMPN 2 Wera. This research is classroom action research (PTK) which consists of 2 cycles. The purpose of this study was to increase the activity and learning achievement of class VII students of SMPN 2 Wera. The results of this study were analyzed with qualitative data while the average value of student learning activities in the first cycle was 12.32 in the fairly active category and the average value in the second cycle was 14.29 in the active category, which means that there was an increase in learning activities. students from cycle I to cycle II, as well as analyzing with quantitative data which resulted in the average value of student achievement in cycle I was 66.32 with 73.52% classical completeness and in cycle II the class average score increased to 72, 21 with classical completeness of 94.12%, which means that classical completeness has been achieved and student learning achievement has increased. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that using the Make A Match cooperative learning model can increase the activity and learning achievement of class VII students of SMPN 2 Wera.
Rancangan Alat Desinfektan Otomatis Berbasis Mikrokontroler dalam Pencegahan Penyebaran Covid-19
Authors: Wulandari Anarni , Yus’iran . , Suswati Lis
Published: October 2021

Pada awal masuknya covid di wilayah kota Bima pada bulan maret, terdapat sejumlah orang mengalami gejala covid bahkan ada beberapa orang yang terjangkit positif virus tersebut. Oleh karena perlunya masyarakat diberi informasi salah satu cara untuk memanimalisir penyebaran virus yaitu dengan membuat alat desinfektan otomatis, karena sistem untuk membunuh bakteri, virus, kuman, dan mikroorganisme, salah satunya yaitu COVID-19 yang merupakan penyakit menular oleh sindrom pernapasan akut coronavirus berbahaya lainnya. Alat disinfektan ini otomatis merupakan sebuah cara atau proses penggunaan sebuah mesin, sistem control, atau sebuah teknologi informasi untuk mempermudah masyarakat supaya tidak menyemprot secara manual. Desinfektan adalah cairan pembersih yang umumnya dibuat dari hidrogen peroksida, creosote, atau alkohol yang bertujuan menggunakan sensor ultrasonic HC-SR04 untuk mendeteksi jarak suatu objek dengan control Arduino Uno. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat rancangan alat disinfektan otomatis berbasis mikrokontroler dalam pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19 di program studi pendidikan fisika. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode eksperimen dimana pengujian alat dan pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara pengulangan, pada percobaan jarak 10 cm didapatkan waktu respon selama 0,1s, 0,1s, 0,1s, 0,1s, 0,1s dengan nilai debit air 0,022 L/s, 0,024 L/s, 0,02 L/s, 0,018 L/s, 0,021 L/s dengan indikator relay dan pompa menyala sebanyak 5 kali. Kinerja pengujian alat menunjukkan bahwa sistem kerja rangkaian alat desinfektan otomatis yang didasarkan objek terhadap manusia yang memiliki sistem input yang terhubung pada Mikrocontroler, sistem yang dimiliki yakni sensor Ultrasonik sebagai input sistem yang otomatis yang bertanggung jawab terhadap pembacaan objek pada saat manusia terdeteksi di depan sensor melalui gelombang Ultrasonik yang dihasilkan objek tersebut. Mikrokontroler mendapat input dari sensor Ultrasonik kemudian akan diteruskan di relay yang menghasilkan output berupa pompa air yang menyala yang akan di semprotkan pada suatu objek. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian jarak 40 cm dapat dikatakan efektif, karena terdapat standar deviasi  waktu ialah 0 dan standar deviasi pada debit air yang rendah. Disarankan dalam merangkai alat, pastikan semua modul dan sensor terpasang dengan benar sesuai dengan program yang dibuat, dan menggunakan pompa yang memiliki tekanan keluaran air yang besar untuk menyemprotkan cairan desinfektan.
Implementasi Bimbingan Klasikal Untuk Meningkatkan Self Control Pada Peserta Didik
Authors: Faijin Faijin
Published: October 2021

Kontrol diri dapat diartikan sebagai suatu aktivitas pengendalian tingkah laku. Pengendalian tingkah laku mengandung makna yaitu, melakukan pertimbangan-pertimbangan terlebih dahulu sebelum memutuskan sesuatu untuk bertindak.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui:Untuk mengetahui Implementasi Bimbingan Klasikal dalam meningkatkan Self Control SMAN 3 Wera. Dalam mengumpulkan data, peneliti menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk analisis peneliti menggunakan analisis dekskriptif kualitatif , yaitu berupa data data tertulis, dengan tahap tahap reduksi data, Display data dan Verifikasi data.Sedangkan untuk keabshana datanya di cek menggunakan teknik tringulasi menggunakan bahan referensi dan member check. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa penerapan layanan Bimbingan Klasikal dapat meningkatkan Self Control pada peserta didik yang berkaitan dengan siswa mampu mengarakan dan mengendalikan perilakunya dalam menghadapi situasi dan kondisi agar sesuai dengan orang lain, serta siswa dapat mengambil keputusan dari suatu peristiwa atau kejadian. Program bimbingan klasikal dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan prilakunya sendiri sesuai norma yang ada, Maka dari itu dengan ini peserta didik dapat mengatur setiap proses fisik, psikologis dan prilakunya, dengan kata lain serangkaian proses yang membentuk dirinya kearah yang lebih positif dan bermanfaat sesuai yang diharapkan oleh individu tersebut.
Peran guru bimbingan dan konseling dalam mengatasi prokrastinasi pada peserta didik di SMA Negeri 2 Kota Bima
Authors: - Sarbudin
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh adanya beberapa peserta didik di SMA Negeri 2 Kota Bima yang mengalami prokrastinasi, diantaranya tidak mengerjakan tugas, menganggap enteng/menunda mengerjakan tugas sampai saat terakhir untuk mengumpulkan tugas, sehingga berdampak pada turunya prestasi peserta didik. Tidak mengerjakan tugas, menganggap enteng/menunda mengerjakan tugas sampai saat terakhir untuk mengumpulkan tugas, sehingga berdampak pada turunya prestasi peserta didik. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apa penyebab peserta didik mengalami prokrastinasi di SMA Negeri 2 Kota  Bima Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020?, dan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan prokrastinasi pada peserta didik di SMA Negeri 2 Kota Bima. Penelitianinimenggunakanmetodepenelitiankualitatifdeskriptif, dengan Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah guru bimbingan dan konseling.

Adapun teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, display data, dan verifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang peneliti temukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa guru bimbingan dan konseling berperan penting dalam mengatasi prokrastinasi pada peserta didik yang awalnya belum mengetahui dampak dari menunda-nunda mengerjakan tugas, setelah diberikan pemahaman dan bimbingan ternyata membuahkan hasil yang positif, peserta didik jadi mengetahui akibat dari menunda-nunda mengerjakan  tugas dan menjadikan peserta didik percaya diri dengan kemampuan yang dimiliki mereka, guru bimbingan dan konseling berharap peserta didik tidak lagi mengulangi untuk menunda-nunda mengerjakan tugas karena akan sangat berpengaruh pada nilai rendah
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Biologi Berbasis Blog untuk Siswa SMA
Authors: Irwansyah Muhammad , Nehru Nehru , Fitriyani Diah
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar biologi berbasis blog pada siswa SMA yang memenuhi kriteria valid dan efektiv. Penelitian ini mengikuti model pengembangan Thiagarajan yang terdiri dari 4 tahapan yaitu tahap pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan, dan penyebaran. Adapun instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa lembar validasi, angket respon siswa, dan soal tes hasil belajar. Subjek ujicoba terbatas yaitu siswa kelas XI yang berjumlah 16 orang. Data penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar biologi berbasis blog memenuhi kategori valid dengan nilai sebesar 3,55. Sedangkan hasil angket respon siswa terhadap bahan ajar hasil pengembangan ada dalam kategori positif dan sangat positif. Adapun nilai tes hasil belajar siswa memenuhi kategori ketuntasan klasikal minimal sebesar 81,25%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar biologi berbasis blog yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria kevalidan dan keefektivan sehingga layak digunakan untuk siswa SMA.
Pengaruh Model Kooperatif Tipe Student Team Achievemet Division (STAD) Terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Biologi Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Hu,u
Authors: Fahruddin Fahruddin , Susanti Susi , Olahairullah Olahairullah , Iqbal Muhammad , Ferawati Ferawati
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD terhadap motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas X di SMA Negeri 1 Hu’u. Jenis penelitia quasi eksperimen. Populasi adalah peserta didik kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Hu,u tahun ajaran 2019/2020 sebanyak 5 kelas berjumlah 149 siswa, pemilihan sampel penelitian menggunakan tehnik cluster random sampiling,  kelas X IPA1 yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung (direct intruction) dengan jumlah 27 siswa dan kelas X IPA2 yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 27. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini yaitu angket motivasi belajar dan soal pilihan ganda 25 soal. Analisis data menggunakan uji-t. Hasil analisis datan menggunakan rumus t test diperoleh nilai sebesar 27,0 > 1,674 dengan nilai signifikasi 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran STAD terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar peserta didik SMA Negeri 1 Hu,u tahun pelajaran 2019/2020
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI PETANI JAGUNG DI KECAMATAN PARADO DENGAN PENDEKATAN AGROFORESTRI
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Agussalim Agussalim , Suaeb Suaeb
Published: October 2021

Program Terpijar (Tebu Rakyat, Sapi, Jagung dan Rumput Laut) Kabupaten Dompu Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) mampu menekan angka kemiskinan di Kabupaten Bima dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan pendapatan masyarakat Bima mncapai angkat 2% sampai 14% pertahun di tahun yang sama dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi 7% (IM’ Indonesia: 2018). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung berapa besar kontribusi agroforestri dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan petani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Parado Kabupaten Bima. Kontribusi agroforestry di nyatakan dalam persentase pendapatan agroforestri dengan total pendapatan petani. Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan petani dianalisis dengan regresi linear berganda. Dari hasil perhitungan, kontribusi agroforestri terhadap pendapatan adalah 88,31% atau sebesar Rp 50.142.696,00/kk/ha/tahun dan hasil analisis regresi variabel yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap pendapatan agroforestri adalah umur, luas kebun, jumlah tenaga kerja, suku, agama, kemiringan lahan, dan bantuan kredit.
PENGARUH HARGA TERHADAP MINAT MASYARAKAT MEMPRODUKSI KAIN TENUN
Authors: Arsad Arsad , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin , Hartoyo Hartoyo
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh harga terhadap minat masyarakat memproduksi Kain Tenun di Lingkungan Busu Kelurahan Ntobo Kecamatan Raba Kota Bima. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantatif  yang laksanakan selama 2 bulan. Data penelitian diperoleh menggunakan teknik angket dengan empat indikator, yaitu permintaan, biaya produksi, harga produk saingan, dan pengalaman menenun. Data yang didapat, dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis korelasional yaitu untuk menjelaskan pengaruh antara variabel harga (variabel X) terhadap sminat produksi (variabel Y). Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh harga terhadap minat masyarakat memproduksi kain tenun di Lingkungan Busu Kelurahan Ntobo Kecamatan Raba Kota Bima diterima. Hal tersebut sesuai prosedur pengujian yang telah dilakukan bahwa nilai t-hitung yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah 1,302 sedangkan nilai t-tabel adalah0,374. Dengan demikian, nilai t-hitung lebih besar dari nilai t-tabel yaitu 1,302 > 0,374. Artinya, semakin tinggi harga yang ditawarkan maka semakin tinggi pula minat produksi. Sebaliknya, apabila harga yang ditawarkan rendah maka minat produksi akan berkurang.
Late-Pregnancy Fetal Hypoxia Is Associated With Altered Glucose Metabolism and Adiposity in Young Adult Offspring of Women With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Klemetti Miira M. , Teramo Kari , Kautiainen Hannu , Wasenius Niko , Eriksson Johan G. , Laine Merja K.
Published: October 2021

Objective

To investigate associations between exposure to fetal hypoxia and indicators of metabolic health in young adult offspring of women with type 1 diabetes (OT1D).

Methods

156 OT1D born between 7/1995 and 12/2000 at Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, were invited for follow-up between 3/2019 and 11/2019. A control group of 442 adults born from non-diabetic pregnancies, matched for date and place of birth, was obtained from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. In total, 58 OT1D and 86 controls agreed to participate. All OT1D had amniotic fluid (AF) sampled for erythropoietin (EPO) measurement within two days before delivery in order to diagnose fetal hypoxia. In total, 29 OTID had an AF EPO concentration <14.0 mU/l, defined as normal, and were categorized into the low EPO (L-EPO) group. The remaining 29 OT1D had AF EPO ≥14.0 mU/ml, defined as fetal hypoxia, and were categorized into the high EPO (H-EPO) group. At the age of 18-23 years, participants underwent a 2-h 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in addition to height, weight, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, HbA1c, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-sensitivity CRP and leisure-time physical activity measurements.

Results

Two OT1D were diagnosed with diabetes and excluded from further analyses. At young adult age, OT1D in the H-EPO group had a higher BMI than those in the L-EPO group. In addition, among female participants, waist circumference and body fat percentage were highest in the H-EPO group. In the OGTTs, the mean (SD) 2-h post-load plasma glucose (mmol/L) was higher in the H-EPO [6.50 (2.11)] than in the L-EPO [5.21 (1.10)] or control [5.67 (1.48)] offspring (p=0.009). AF EPO concentrations correlated positively with 2-h post-load plasma glucose [r=0.35 (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.62)] and serum insulin [r=0.44 (95% CI: 0.14 to 0.69)] concentrations, even after adjusting for maternal BMI, birth weight z-score, gestational age at birth and adult BMI. Control, L-EPO and H-EPO groups did not differ with regards to other assessed parameters.

Conclusions

High AF EPO concentrations in late pregnancy, indicating fetal hypoxia, are associated with increased adiposity and elevated post-load glucose and insulin concentrations in young adult OT1D.
Bacterial Load Comparison of the Three Main Lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in West Africa
Authors: Osei-Wusu Stephen , Morgan Portia , Asare Prince , Adams Godfrey , Musah Abdul Basit , Siam Ishaque Mintah , Gillespie Stephen Henry , Sabiiti Wilber , Yeboah-Manu Dorothy
Published: October 2021

Studies have shown an association between bacterial load and virulence; however, not much is known about the diversity in this phenotypic characteristic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). This study was therefore aimed to determine the differences in bacterial load of the three most prevalent MTBC genotypes (L4, L5, and L6) in West Africa at the time of diagnosis. A total of 170 paired fresh sputum samples were collected; one part in guanidinium thiocyanate (GTC) was used for RNA extraction and tuberculosis molecular bacterial load assay (TB-MBLA), and the other part without GTC was confirmed for TB positivity using GeneXpert MTB/RIF, smear microscopy grading, and culture on Löwenstein–Jensen media slants. The 170 sputum samples comprised 155 new cases, three follow-up cases, and 12 TB negative sputum samples. The time-to-culture positivity (TTP) and degree of culture positivity (DCP) were recorded. All 122 isolates obtained were spoligotyped for lineage (L) classification, but spoligotypes were obtained from 120 isolates. Of the typed isolates, 70.0, 10.8, 10.8, 4.2, 2.5, 0.8, and 0.8% were lineages 4, 5, 6, 2, 3, 1, and Mycobacterium bovis, respectively. Further analysis of the three most prevalent lineages showed significantly shorter TTP and higher DCP by L4 compared to L5 and L6, respectively: TTP 20.8, vs. 26.5, and 28.2 days; p-value = 0.005 and DCP 1.27, vs. 0.81 and 0.29, p < 0.001. The average TB-MBLA measured bacterial load of L4 was 3.82 Log10eCFU/ml which was not significantly different from 3.81 and 3.80 Log10eCFU/ml of L5 and L6, respectively, p = 0.84. Degrees of smear microscopy L4 = 1.20, L5 = 1.20, and L6 = 0.92 and GeneXpert Cq values L4 = 17.08, L5 = 18.37, and L6 = 17.59 showed no significant difference between the lineages, p = 0.72 and p = 0.48, respectively. Retrospective analysis of a larger sample confirmed the difference in TTP, p < 0.001. In conclusion, the observed shorter TTP and high DCP of L4 could signify high growth rate in culture that is independent of total bacterial load at diagnosis.
Microbial Diversity Analysis and Genome Sequencing Identify Xanthomonas perforans as the Pathogen of Bacterial Leaf Canker of Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatic)
Authors: Hu Ming , Li Chuhao , Zhou Xiaofan , Xue Yang , Wang Si , Hu Anqun , Chen Shanshan , Mo Xiuwen , Zhou Jianuan
Published: October 2021

Ipomoea aquatica is a leafy vegetable widely cultivated in tropical Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Bacterial leaf canker disease has been attacking the planting fields and seriously affecting the quality of I. aquatica in epidemic areas in China. This study examined the microbial composition of I. aquatica leaves with classical symptoms of spot disease. The results showed that Xanthomonas was overwhelmingly dominant in all four diseased leaf samples but rarely present in rhizospheric soil or irrigation water samples. In addition, Pantoea was also detected in two of the diseased leaf samples. Pathogen isolation, identification, and inoculation revealed that both Xanthomonas sp. TC2-1 and P. ananatis were pathogenic to the leaves of I. aquatic, causing crater-shaped ulcerative spots and yellowing with big brown rot lesions on leaves, respectively. We further sequenced the whole genome of strain TC2-1 and showed that it is a member of X. perforans. Overall, this study identified X. perforans as the causal pathogen of I. aquatica bacterial leaf canker, and P. ananatis as a companion pathogen causing yellowing and brown rot on leaves. The correct identification of the pathogens will provide important basis for future efforts to formulate targeted application strategy for bacterial disease control.
Transient Global Amnesia (TGA): Younger Age and Absence of Cerebral Microangiopathy Are Potentially Predisposing Factors for TGA Recurrence
Authors: Rogalewski Andreas , Beyer Anne , Friedrich Anja , Plümer Jorge , Zuhorn Frédéric , Klingebiel Randolf , Woermann Friedrich G. , Bien Christian G. , Greeve Isabell , Schäbitz Wolf-Rüdiger
Published: October 2021

Background: Transient global amnesia (TGA) is defined by an acute memory disturbance of unclear etiology for a period of less than 24 h. TGA occurs as a single event in most cases. Prevalence rates of recurrent TGA vary widely from 5.4 to 27.1%. This retrospective study aimed to determine predictors for TGA recurrence.

Methods: Cardiovascular risk profile and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 340 hospitalized TGA patients between 2011 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The median follow-up period amounted to 4.5 ± 2.7 years. Comparisons were made between TGA patients with and without subsequent recurrence.

Results: TGA patients with subsequent recurrence were significantly younger (recurrent vs. single episode, 63.6 ± 8.6 years vs. 67.3 ± 10.5 years, p = 0.032) and showed a lower degree of cerebral microangiopathy compared to TGA patients without recurrence. The mean latency to recurrence was 3.0 years ± 2.1 years after the first episode. In a subgroup analysis, patients with at least five years of follow-up (N = 160, median follow-up period 7.0 ± 1.4 years) had a recurrence rate of 11.3%. A 24.5% risk of subsequent TGA recurrence in the following five years was determined for TGA patients up to 70 years of age without microangiopathic changes on MRI (Fazekas' score 0).

Conclusion: Younger TGA patients without significant microangiopathy do have an increased recurrence risk. In turn, pre-existing cerebrovascular pathology, in the form of chronic hypertension and cerebral microangiopathy, seems to counteract TGA recurrence.