bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Passive-dynamic ankle-foot orthosis improves medium-term clinical outcomes after severe lower extremity trauma
Authors: Ladlow Peter , Bennett N , Phillip R , Dharm-Datta S , McMenemy L , Bennett A N
Published: November 2018

Introduction

Individuals with delayed below-knee amputation have previously reported superior clinical outcomes compared with lower limb reconstruction. The UK military have since introduced a passive-dynamic ankle-foot orthosis (PDAFO) into its rehabilitation care pathway to improve limb salvage outcomes. The aims were to determine if wearing a PDAFO improves medium-term clinical outcomes and what influence does multidisciplinary team (MDT) rehabilitation have after PDAFO fitting? Also, what longitudinal changes in clinical outcomes occur with MDT rehabilitation and how do these results compare with patients with previous lower extremity trauma discharged prior to PDAFO availability?

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated levels of mobility, activities of daily living, anxiety, depression and pain in a heterogeneous group of 23 injured UK servicemen 34±11 months after PDAFO provision. We also retrospectively analysed 16 patients across four time points (pre-PDAFO provision, first, second and final inpatient admissions post-PDAFO provision) using identical outcome measures, plus the 6 min walk test.

Results

Outcomes were compared with previous below-knee limb salvage and amputees. Before PDAFO, 74% were able to walk and 4% were able to run independently. At follow-up, this increased to 91% and 57%, respectively. Mean depression and anxiety scores remained stable over time (p>0.05). After 3 weeks, all patients could walk independently (pre-PDAFO=31%). Mean 6 min walk distance significantly increased from 440±75 m (pre-PDAFO) to 533±68 m at last admission (p=0.003). The ability to run increased from 6% to 44% after one admission.

Conclusions

All functional and most psychosocial outcomes in PDAFO users were superior to previous limb salvage and comparable to previous below-knee amputees. The PDAFO facilitated favourable short-term and medium-term changes in all clinical outcome measurements.
Machine learning improves prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Ramos Lucas Alexandre , van der Steen Wessel E , Sales Barros Renan , Majoie Charles B L M , van den Berg Rene , Verbaan Dagmar , Vandertop W Peter , Zijlstra I Jsbrand Andreas Jan , Zwinderman A H , Strijkers Gustav J , Olabarriaga Silvia Delgado , Marquering Henk A
Published: November 2018

Background and purpose

Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a severe complication in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Several associated predictors have been previously identified. However, their predictive value is generally low. We hypothesize that Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for the prediction of DCI using a combination of clinical and image data lead to higher predictive accuracy than previously applied logistic regressions.

Materials and methods

Clinical and baseline CT image data from 317 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage were included. Three types of analysis were performed to predict DCI. First, the prognostic value of known predictors was assessed with logistic regression models. Second, ML models were created using all clinical variables. Third, image features were extracted from the CT images using an auto-encoder and combined with clinical data to create ML models. Accuracy was evaluated based on the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity with 95% CI.

Results

The best AUC of the logistic regression models for known predictors was 0.63 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.63). For the ML algorithms with clinical data there was a small but statistically significant improvement in the AUC to 0.68 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.69). Notably, aneurysm width and height were included in many of the ML models. The AUC was highest for ML models that also included image features: 0.74 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.75).

Conclusion

ML algorithms significantly improve the prediction of DCI in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, particularly when image features are also included. Our experiments suggest that aneurysm characteristics are also associated with the development of DCI.
Effects of music therapy on anxiety and physiologic parameters in angiography: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lieber Adam C , Bose Javin , Zhang Xiangnan , Seltzberg Hayley , Loewy Joanne , Rossetti Andrew , Mocco J , Kellner Christopher P
Published: November 2018

Background

Given the anxiety patients experience during angiography, evidence supporting the efficacy of music therapy during these angiographic procedures is potentially of clinical value.

Objective

To analyze the existing literature forthe use of music therapy during cerebral, coronary, and peripheral angiography to determine whether it improves patient anxiety levels, heart rate, and blood pressure during the procedure.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched to identify studies of interest. Inclusion criteria included studies reporting using music therapy in either cerebral, coronary, or peripheral angiography. Studies focused on a pediatric population; animal studies and case reports were excluded. Participant demographics, interventions, and outcomes were collected by two study authors. Bias and study quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Separate meta-analyses of the RCTs were performed to compare State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), heart rate (HR), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) in the music intervention group versus control group. Heterogeneity was determined by calculating I2values, and a random-effects model was used when heterogeneity exceeded 50%.

Results

The preprocedure to postprocedure improvement in STAI was significantly greater in the experimental group than the control group (p=0.004), while the decrease in HR, SBP, and DBP was not significant.

Conclusions

Recorded music and/or music therapy in angiography significantly decreases patients’ anxiety levels, while it has little to no effect on HR and BP. This meta-analysis is limited by the relatively few RCTs published on this subject.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42018099103
Preliminary experience with the use of low profile visualized intraluminal support device in basilar artery for aneurysm treatment
Authors: Wang Chuanchuan , Wu Yina , Feng Zhengzhe , Wang Jing , Li Qiang , Zhao Rui , Hong Bo , Xu Yi , Huang Qinghai , Fang Yibin , Liu Jianmin
Published: November 2018

Background

The low profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS) device is being increasingly used for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Its application in the basilar artery (BA) has not yet been reported.

Objective

To evaluate the safety and early efficacy of the LVIS device for the treatment of BA aneurysms.

Methods

A prospectively maintained database was retrospectively reviewed for all patients with BA aneurysms treated by LVIS stents at our institution. Angiographic results were evaluated using the modified Raymond–Roy classification (mRRC).

Results

23 patients (mean age 52.8 years) with a BA aneurysm that was treated by LVIS stent implantation, with (n=21) or without (n=2) adjunctive coiling, were included in our study. 7 aneurysms were treated in the setting of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). 10 aneurysms were located at the basilar tip, 10 at the basilar trunk, and 3 at the superior cerebellar artery. Procedure related complications developed in three patients (13%), including two perforator infarction and one worsening mass effect. Complications resulted in permanent morbidity (4%) in one case. One fatality was related to severe poor grade SAH. At a mean follow-up of 6.9 months, 13 of the 20 patients were mRRC I closure, 3 were mRRC II closure with an improvement from class IIIa, 3 were observed to be recanalized from class IIIa to IIIb, and 1 with stenting only was still patent similar to the immediate angiography.

Conclusion

The LVIS stent represents a feasible and safe option for endovascular embolization of BA aneurysms. Although recanalization may occur after LVIS treatment, the mid term complete occlusion rate was acceptable.
Epidemiology of silicosis: reports from the SWORD scheme in the UK from 1996 to 2017
Authors: Barber Christopher Michael , Fishwick David , Carder Melanie , van Tongeren Martie
Published: November 2018

Objective

To document the demographic risk factors of workers reported to have silicosis in the UK.

Methods

All cases of silicosis reported to the Surveillance of Work-related and Occupational Respiratory Disease (SWORD) scheme between January 1996 and December 2017 were classified into one of eight industry categories, and one of five age groups. In addition, to investigate whether there had been any temporal change, mean age and range at diagnosis was plotted for each year. From 2006, data were also available relating to the date of onset of symptoms, allowing a comparison between workers with and without respiratory symptoms.

Results

For the period between 1996 and 2017, there were 216 cases of silicosis reported. The mean (range) age of those reported was 61 years (23–89), with the majority (98%) being male. Across all industries, 65% of cases were diagnosed in individuals of working age (<65 for men and <60 for women). Silicosis was reported in young workers across all industry groups, with around one in six of all silicosis cases affecting workers under the age of 46 years. There was no clear trend in age of diagnosis with time. Between 2006 and 2017, 81% of 108 workers with silicosis were reported to be symptomatic.

Conclusions

Silicosis remains an important health problem in the UK affecting workers of all ages across a wide range of industries traditionally associated with silica exposure.
The Academic, Social, and Professional Integration Profiles of Information Technology Students
Authors: Kori Külli , Pedaste Margus , Must Olev
Published: November 2018

Low retention rates in higher education Information Technology (IT) studies have led to an unmet demand for IT specialists. Therefore, universities need to apply interventions to increase retention rates and provide the labor market with more IT graduates. However, students with different characteristics may need different types of interventions. The current study applies a person-oriented approach and identifies the profiles of first-year IT students in order to design group-specific support. Tinto's [13, 14] integration model was used as a framework to analyze questionnaire data from 509 first-year IT students in Estonia. The students’ response profiles were distinguished through latent profile analysis, and the students were divided into four profiles based on their responses to questions about academic integration, professional integration, and graduation-related self-efficacy. The difference in academic integration was smaller among the profiles than the difference in professional integration. Knowing these profiles helps universities to design interventions for each student group and apply the interventions to increase the number of IT graduates.
Makeup Creativity Enhancement with an Augmented Reality Face Makeup System
Authors: Treepong Bantita , Mitake Hironori , Hasegawa Shoichi
Published: November 2018

This study presents a novel interactive face makeup system that aims to support users to improve makeup creativity. In this system, facial feature points were tracked by Kinect and mapped to the 3D face model. The makeup tools were developed for providing a tangible interaction. A face painting application was developed based on the Unity 3D framework. While users apply makeup, the program will generate color on the model, which synchronizes with the user's movement. The results will be mapped to the user's face in real time by using a projection mapping technique that allows users to see which color is suitable for their skin tone. Users can perceive a realistic makeup feeling from our touch detectable makeup tools. Moreover, by using a computer-based drawing system, users can undo, save, and load their makeup image and compare with other styles. A subjective evaluation was conducted to evaluate the users’ satisfaction. The results indicated that by using this system, users can find a suitable makeup style for themselves and get help increasing their makeup creativity.
Omega‐9 Oleic Acid, the Main Compound of Olive Oil, Mitigates Inflammation during Experimental Sepsis
Authors: Medeiros-de-Moraes Isabel Matos , Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque Cassiano Felippe , Kurz Angela R. M. , Oliveira Flora Magno de Jesus , Abreu Victor Hugo Pereira de , Torres Rafael Carvalho , Carvalho Vinícius Frias , Estato Vanessa , Bozza Patrícia Torres , Sperandio Markus , Castro-Faria-Neto Hugo Caire de , Silva Adriana Ribeiro
Published: November 2018

The Mediterranean diet, rich in olive oil, is beneficial, reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Olive oil is mostly composed of the monounsaturated fatty acid omega‐9. We showed omega‐9 protects septic mice modulating lipid metabolism. Sepsis is initiated by the host response to infection with organ damage, increased plasma free fatty acids, high levels of cortisol, massive cytokine production, leukocyte activation, and endothelial dysfunction. We aimed to analyze the effect of omega‐9 supplementation on corticosteroid unbalance, inflammation, bacterial elimination, and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) gamma expression, an omega‐9 receptor and inflammatory modulator. We treated mice for 14 days with omega‐9 and induced sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We measured systemic corticosterone levels, cytokine production, leukocyte and bacterial counts in the peritoneum, and the expression of PPAR gamma in both liver and adipose tissues during experimental sepsis. We further studied omega‐9 effects on leukocyte rolling in mouse cremaster muscle‐inflamed postcapillary venules and in the cerebral microcirculation of septic mice. Here, we demonstrate that omega‐9 treatment is associated with increased levels of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 and decreased levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐1β in peritoneal lavage fluid of mice with sepsis. Omega‐9 treatment also decreased systemic corticosterone levels. Neutrophil migration from circulation to the peritoneal cavity and leukocyte rolling on the endothelium were decreased by omega‐9 treatment. Omega‐9 also decreased bacterial load in the peritoneal lavage and restored liver and adipose tissue PPAR gamma expression in septic animals. Our data suggest a beneficial anti‐inflammatory role of omega‐9 in sepsis, mitigating leukocyte rolling and leukocyte influx, balancing cytokine production, and controlling bacterial growth possibly through a PPAR gamma expression‐dependent mechanism. The significant reduction of inflammation detected after omega‐9 enteral injection can further contribute to the already known beneficial properties facilitated by unsaturated fatty acid‐enriched diets.
The Unique Existence of Weak Solution and the Optimal Control for Time‐Fractional Third Grade Fluid System
Authors: Shao Guangming , Liu Biao , Liu Yueying
Published: November 2018

The paper concerns the third grade fluid system with the time‐fractional derivative of the order α ∈ (0,1). We first establish unique existence criterion of weak solutions in the case that the dimension n = 3. Then we prove the sufficient condition of optimal pairs.
Acute-Phase Plasma PCSK9 Levels and Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in a Chinese Acute Myocardial Infarction Cohort
Authors: Gao Yan , Qiu Yan , Wu Jihua , Diao Wei , Zhang Haibo , Wang Siming , Du Zhiqiang , Dong Jun , Zhang Mingqiang , Jiang Lixin
Published: November 2018

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a promising target for lowering plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular (CV) disease. Whether plasma PCSK9 measured during the acute phase predicts recurrent CV events in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unresolved. Methods and Results: Plasma PCSK9 levels were measured in 1,646 patients with AMI from the China PEACE-Prospective AMI Study at the acute phase. Additionally, 248 patients were resampled and measured at 1 month post-AMI. Associations of acute-phase PCSK9 tertiles with clinical characteristics and recurrent CV events within 1 year were assessed. Female gender (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.24–3.03), premature coronary heart disease (CHD; OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.37–3.26), higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.44–1.95), and higher triglycerides (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.03–2.09) were associated with higher baseline PCSK9. Plasma PCSK9 levels in the highest tertile (versus lowest) did not have an increased risk of 1-year recurrent CV events in the AMI cohort (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.52–1.16) or any subgroup. There was also no association between percentage changes in PCSK9 over the first month and 1-year recurrent events, although there was a trend of differences between patients in the upper versus lower tertiles. Conclusion: Plasma PCSK9 levels measured during the acute phase were associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, triglycerides, premature CHD, and gender in patients with AMI but did not predict recurrent CV events within 1 year. Dynamic changes in PCSK9 suggested a trend yet no significance value in predicting recurrent CV events.
Novel Zinc Finger Transcription Factor ZFP580 Facilitates All-Trans Retinoic Acid -Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Differentiation by Rarα-Mediated PI3K/Akt and ERK Signaling
Authors: Wei Shuping , Zhang Jingjing , Han Biao , Liu Jianxun , Xiang Xiaohui , Zhang Mei  , Xia Shihai , Zhang Wencheng , Zhang Xizheng
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims: Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) plays a vital role in the development of vascular diseases. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is known to regulate VSMC phenotypes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain completely unknown. Here, we have investigated the probable roles and underlying mechanisms of the novel C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor ZFP580 on ATRA-induced VSMC differentiation. Methods: VSMCs were isolated, cultured, and identified. VSMCs were infected with an adenovirus encoding ZFP580 or Ad-siRNA to silence ZFP580. The expression levels of ZFP580, SMα-actin, SM22α, SMemb, RARα, RARβ, and RARγ were assayed by Q-PCR and western blot. A rat carotid artery injury model and morphometric analysis of intimal thickening were also used in this study. Results: ATRA caused a significant reduction of VSMC proliferation and migration in a doseand time-dependent manner. Moreover, it promoted VSMC differentiation by enhancing expression of differentiation markers and reducing expression of dedifferentiation markers. This ATRA activity was accompanied by up-regulation of ZFP580, with concomitant increases in RARα expression. In contrast, silencing of the RARα gene or inhibiting RARα with its antagonist Ro41-5253 abrogated the ATRA-induced ZFP580 expression. Furthermore, ATRA binding to RARα induced ZFP580 expression via the PI3K/Akt and ERK pathways. Adenovirusmediated overexpression of ZFP580 promoted VSMC differentiation by enhancing expression of SM22α and SMα-actin and reducing expression of SMemb. In contrast, silencing ZFP580 dramatically reduced the expression of differentiation markers and increased expression of dedifferentiation markers. The classic rat carotid artery balloon injury model demonstrated that ZFP580 inhibited proliferation and intimal hyperplasia in vivo. Conclusion: The novel zinc finger transcription factor ZFP580 facilitates ATRA-induced VSMC differentiation by the RARα-mediated PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways. This might represent a novel mechanism of regulation of ZFP580 by ATRA and RARα, which is critical for understanding the biological functions of retinoids during VSMC phenotypic modulation.
Mediation in Teletandem
Authors: Evangelista Maria Cristina Reckziegel Guedes , Salomão Ana Cristina Biondo
Published: November 2018

The collaborative context of language learning in Teletandem (TELLES; VASSALLO 2006) involves the principles of autonomy, reciprocity and separation of languages, as well as the mediation of the partnerships (in Vygotskian terms). This article aims to discuss the formats of teletandem mediation, by focusing on the strategies used to reconcile the management of interactions (SALOMÃO 2008) through reflective journals in our specific educational context This qualitative investigation is based on the analysis of a corpus of reflective journals produced after teletandem sessions by Brazilian students and the feedback offered by the mediators. The Brazilian participants wrote journal entries after practicing teletandem with speakers of the following foreign languages: English, German, Italian, and Spanish. They address a wide range of topics, covering aspects of technology, foreign language learning, methodological issues, as well as comments on the relationship with their partners. The data suggest great potential of the journals and the feedback for participants, mediators and coordinators to evaluate specific issues of collaborative language learning in the teletandem, as well as other relevant aspects for the pedagogical supervision of the project.
Deutsche Kolonialerinnerung aus kamerunischer Sicht
Authors: Sopgui Romuald Valentin Nkouda
Published: November 2018

Lange Zeit schien der Kolonialismus im Geschichtsbewusstsein der Deutschen eine nebengeordnete bzw. beiläufige Rolle zu spielen und die Beteiligung Deutschlands am Kolonialprozess wurde wenig Achtung geschenkt. Erst die Entstehung einer schwarzafrikanischen postkolonialen Literatur in Deutschland hat dazu beigetragen, die Kolonialerfahrung als gemeinsames Erbe zwischen Deutschen und Afrikanern sichtbar zu machen. Im Mittelpunkt von Texten afrikanischer Autoren in deutscher Sprache steht das Zurückschauen auf vergangene Ereignisse, die aus verschiedenen Perspektiven thematisiert werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht am Beispiel von zwei kamerunischen Texten die Erinnerung an die deutsche Kolonialvergangenheit. Diese postkoloniale Aufarbeitung der Kolonialerinnerung, wie sie von Daniel Mepin und Philomène Atyame dargestellt wird, kreist um Vergangenheitsbewältigung und gegenseitige Kulturannäherung. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, bieten Jan und Aleida Assmann mit dem Begriff „Kulturgedächtnis“ theoretische Grundlagen, die meine Überlegung plausibler machen können.
O programa de Hölderlin para Iena
Authors: Quevedo Wagner de Avila
Published: November 2018

A concepção filosófica de Hölderlin compõe-se de duas percepções fundamentais: a indivisibilidade do racional e do sensível presente na ideia platônica de beleza, e a compreensão, de fundo espinosista, de que a unidade assim pensada apreende-se como diferenciada em si mesma. O presente artigo aborda a primeira percepção. Em fins de 1794, Hölderlin abandona o preceptorado na casa dos von Kalb e muda-se para Iena, onde trabalha em seu Hipérion e assiste às preleções de Fichte. No entanto ele não chega na cidade de mãos vazias. Numa carta a Christian Neuffer, de outubro de 1794, Hölderlin manifesta a intenção de escrever um ensaio sobre as ideias estéticas de Kant, que deveria servir como comentário do Fedro, de Platão, ao mesmo tempo que avançaria, mais do que Schiller teria ousado, para além do limite kantiano através de uma simplificação de sua estética. Como o texto jamais foi escrito, o presente trabalho apresenta os elementos articulados na carta e procura reconstituir os marcos gerais do ensaio planejado.
Historicidade da tradução em Benjamin e um estudo de caso
Authors: Cardoso Rodrigo Octávio
Published: November 2018

A tradução parece trazer dificuldades que exigem soluções diversas que, escolhidas contigencialmente, podem ter implicações históricas e políticas duradouras. A tradução da Bíblia por Lutero é um exemplo marcante da força histórica da tradução e das polêmicas quanto à sua forma. Em “A Tarefa do Tradutor”, Benjamin estabelece duas temporalidades distintas para a vida de um texto literário e a de suas traduções, instaurando um debate a respeito dos diferentes tempos históricos que atravessam um texto, em sua relação com as diferentes línguas. A partir dessas considerações, nos propomos a discutir certas dificuldades concretas experienciadas na tradução de citações de uma obra literária dentro de um texto crítico de Benjamin, Am Kamin, um dos textos em que desenvolve sua teoria do romance. Como traduzir hoje as citações que Benjamin faz do romance The old wives tale de Arnold Bennet, citações da tradução para o alemão dos anos 1930, de um texto inglês de 1908 que emula um narrador do início do século XIX, e que não foi ainda traduzido para o português? Por fim, apresento o texto traduzido, “À Lareira”.
A propósito de tres diccionarios de DaF
Authors: Miranda Félix Valentín Bugueño
Published: November 2018

Un diccionario de aprendices es un diccionario especialmente diseñado para ayudar a aprendices en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera. A pesar de una larga tradición en investigación lexicográfica, los diccionarios de aprendices del alemán constituyen un desarrollo tardío de la lexicografía de esa lengua. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar el estado del arte de la lexicografía pedagógica del alemán por medio de tres diccionarios de esa clase de obras lexicográficas. Como marco metodológico se emplean principios metalexicográficos tales como la distinción entre definición macroestructural cuantitativa y cualitativa, el análisis del programa informaciones microestructurales y la distinción entre funciones de decodificación y codificación. Así se establece que estos diccionarios son obras de referencia confiables para el aprendiz del alemán como lengua extranjera.
estrutura silábica do alemão como língua estrangeira na interlíngua de aprendizes brasileiros
Authors: Pereira Rogéria Costa
Published: November 2018

A presente pesquisa explora as estratégias de reformulação de constituintes silábicos complexos na Interlíngua de 18 brasileiros aprendizes do Alemão como Língua Estrangeira. Nossa hipótese prevê que estes aprendizes possuem dificuldades na produção de ataques iniciais e codas finais do ALE e, ao tentar acomodá-las ao molde silábico da LM, aplicam diferentes estratégias de reparação. A partir do conceito de Interlíngua (SELINKER 1972) como língua natural, sistemática e emergente de um processo complexo e dinâmico, desenvolvida autonomamente por falantes não-nativos de uma LE em seu processo de aquisição/aprendizagem com o objetivo de comunicar-se estrategicamente, e que sofre adaptações a partir da testagem de hipóteses acerca da LE e eventos de interação, realizamos análise transversal das ocorrências de ataque e coda complexas em correlação com o nível de proficiência do aprendiz, o estilo (LIN 2001, 2003) e a marcação do constituinte (GRENNBERG 1966b). Os dados revelaram que a frequência de modificação de clusters apresenta correlação com estes fatores: quanto mais formal a tarefa e avançado o aprendiz, menos modificações ocorrem. A influência da marcação silábica e dos universais linguísticos foi constatada para a coda, tipologicamente marcada, sendo mais frequentemente modificada que o ataque.
Sexual Orientation, Religiosity, and Subjective Wellbeing in Canada
Authors: Dilmaghani Maryam
Published: November 2018

The cumulative weight of evidence supports that religious involvement has a positive association with subjective wellbeing. This association is found to vary by cultural context, gender, and age. No large scale study exists regarding the effects of sexual orientation on the association between religiosity and subjective wellbeing. This article, using nationally representative Canadian data from 2010 to 2014, fills this gap. As a prelude, the sexual orientation-related differences in religiosity, also not previously examined using Canadian data, are assessed. Both gay males and lesbians are found more likely to be unaffiliated than their heterosexual counterparts. The association of religiosity with subjective wellbeing is found to be positive, though small, for heterosexuals of both genders and for gay males. No statistically significant effect is found for lesbians. Various venues of explanation are explored.
Effects of Flowering, Foliation, and Autumn Colors on Preference and Restorative Potential for Designed Digital Landscape Models
Authors: Kuper Rob
Published: November 2018

We investigated whether the vegetative state depicted in stimuli and the date of evaluation were related to restorative potential (RP) and preference ratings. Stimuli depicted flowering, foliated, or autumn-colored plants in scattershot, clustered, or formal arrangements that represented complexity values equal to zero, 2, or 4 bits of Shannon’s information entropy. Analyses included 77 and 105 respondents’ RP and preference ratings from September and January, respectively, along with 106 respondents’ fascination and complexity estimations from September. Evaluation dates did not relate to respondents’ RP and preference ratings. Respondents rated flowering and autumn-colored views significantly higher in RP and preference than foliated, 4-bit views higher than 2-bit, and 2-bit views higher than zero-bit. Flowering and autumn-colored foliage, view area, and plant region quantities indirectly affected RP ratings through preference. Important landscape design and practice implications follow: Flowering plants and red or yellow autumn-colored foliage may increase users’ preference and RP.
Delegitimization and ‘Re-socialization’: China and the Diffusion of Alternative Norms in Africa
Authors: Hodzi Obert
Published: November 2018

Socialization of Africa into the liberal international order was largely a preserve of the West. However, as China expands its economic and political influence across Africa, the liberal international order is being put to the test. Representing alternative global governance norms and values, China is seeking the legitimation of its emerging global leadership by delegitimizing its rival, the United States. How the delegitimization and expected ‘re-socialization’ of Africa are unfolding is this article’s subject of enquiry. Based on expert interviews conducted in Africa and China, the article examines the interlink between legitimation and ‘re-socialization’ within the context of China’s rising influence in Africa. It advances the argument that China is concerned with having a global order, operating based on norms and values favourable to its national and geopolitical interests. In making this argument, the article refocuses the attention onto the subtle making of a global order preferred by China, at least in Africa.
Evidence of Disillusionment of Younger Cohorts in Higher Education in India
Authors: Chaudhry Harish , Gupta Sunil , Nargundkar Rajendra , Chauhan Anurag
Published: November 2018

With increasing demand for quality education, it is imperative for universities to attract and retain good faculty. This study explores the effect of demographic and some external factors on faculty satisfaction. The analysis is based on a nationwide survey of full-time faculty across 1,000 colleges and institutes in India. Results show that senior faculty is more satisfied than younger ones. Policy makers in higher education and university administrators should take this input to take corrective steps to ensure teaching as a career remains attractive and competes successfully with other career options available to young eligible graduates.
“We Wish We Could Be Heard”: Teachers’ Voices in Botswana Primary Schools
Authors: Major Thenjiwe
Published: November 2018

Education is a vehicle that can be used to oppress or liberate people in the society. Schools are places where democratic values are instilled into the individual learners. Teachers are curriculum implementers who play significant roles in instilling the democratic ideals. The purpose of this study was to investigate in-service student teachers’ perceptions of the extent to which democracy ideals are practicable in Botswana primary/elementary classrooms. The data were collected through written reflective essays from 25 bachelor of education final year in-service student teachers at the University of Botswana and two focus groups of 10 participants each. The findings of the study revealed that the promotion of democratic ideals in the classroom is a challenge. The emergent themes and reasons for this challenge is due to centralized curriculum-driven examinations, high student–teacher ratios, and a shortage of materials. The in-service teachers voiced a need for adherence to democratic ideals and concluded that infusion of those principles would result in learner friendly schools that develop critical thinkers who are self-reliant, and active participates in making decisions that affect their lives, thereby furthering the development of democracy in Botswana.
Development and Assessment of Intercultural Effectiveness: A Learner-Centered Approach
Authors: Berdrow Iris , Bird Allan W.
Published: November 2018

Globalization has created an accelerated demand for globally competent managers, yet the gap between this demand and the supply of globally oriented, competent graduates is growing. As a result, the mandate for effectively internationalizing business school curriculum is increasing. Yet, given the costly structures required to provide international education opportunities, institutions need to know that those opportunities are positively influencing students learning and skill development. This article tells the story of one school’s comprehensive program that incorporates learner-centered measurement and development with institutional assessment of intercultural effectiveness. We offer a program model and lessons learned for other institutions interested in implementing similar programs.
Kinematic Effects of Varying Adolescents' Attentional Instructions for Standing Long Jump
Authors: Coker Cheryl
Published: November 2018

Studies examining attentional focus in the motor performance of children and young adolescents have produced mixed results. We studied 26 seventh-grade physical education student volunteers ( Mage = 12.7 years; SD = 0.56) who performed two standing long jumps for maximum displacement in four counterbalanced instructional conditions: (a) no cues provided, (b) focus on rapid knee extension, (c) focus on rapid forward arm swing, and (d) focus to jump as close as possible to a cone placed at 3 meters. The last condition, encouraging an external focus, led to significantly greater jumping distances and significantly lower projection angles (36.9°) when compared with internal attentional foci on the actions of the legs (40.2°) and arms (38.6°). Compared with the leg focus, the arm focus lead to significantly greater jumping distances but no differences for projection angle. While these results are consistent with those of past adult participants, when comparing external and internal attentional foci, this study extended these findings to adolescents and revealed differences in projection angle, indicating that cueing young adolescents to focus on arm action did not appear to constrain movement in the same manner as it has in adults.
Numerical Processing and Executive Functioning in Early Versus Middle Childhood: A Japanese Sample
Authors: Omura Kazufumi , Matsuta Shinya
Published: November 2018

Many previous studies have investigated developmental differences in numerical processing by manipulating numerical distance and physical size in a number sequence. While it has been theorized that children's maturity level in executive functioning affects their numerical processing, the interaction between numerical processing and executive functioning through development remains unclear. We divided 60 Japanese school children, aged 8–12 years, into three age-related groups (second graders, fourth graders, and sixth graders) and had them perform physical and numerical comparison Stroop tasks. In the physical comparison task, the numerical Stroop effect (i.e., automatic numerical processing) was evident in each group, but, in the numerical comparison task, the numerical distance effect (i.e., intentional numerical processing) was evident in each group. Also, in the numerical comparison task, the size congruity effect (an index of the attentional and inhibitory control mechanisms of executive functioning) was more salient among second graders than among fourth or sixth graders. These results suggest that numerical processing matures and then plateaus just before primary school, while executive functioning continues to develop. Thus, these data provide evidence of a developmental dissociation between numerical processing and executive functioning.
Development of the Checklist of Psychomotor Activities for 5- to 6-Year-Old Children
Authors: Romero Martínez Sonia J. , Ordóñez Camacho Xavier G. , Gil Madrona Pedro
Published: November 2018

The present research aimed to develop the Checklist of Psychomotor Activities (CPA) to measure psychomotor development in 5-6 year old children. We recruited 694 preschool children in the province of Albacete; their teachers were trained to use and complete this instrument to gather data for testing its psychometric properties (reliability, and content, construct, and discriminant validity). The CPA is composed of three subtests measuring children’s performance in motor, perceptual, and emotional–social aspects of psychomotor functioning. To gather evidence of content validity, we applied the Delphi method, based on the comments of seven judges. We assessed construct validity with confirmatory factor analysis, and we tested discriminant validity by comparing the scores of premature and typically developing children and separate groups of children defined by their body mass index. We found adequate item consistency on each scale and evidence of validity from the various methods outlined. We conclude that the CPA is an effective and comprehensive tool for the assessment of psychomotor skills in children at this important stage of development.
“We Wanted a Forever Family”: Altruistic, Individualistic, and Motivated Reasoning Motivations for Adoption Among LGBTQ Individuals
Authors: Costa Pedro Alexandre , Tasker Fiona
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore motivations for adoption among a diverse sample of LGBTQ adoptive parents and prospective adopters ( n = 366) who were recruited through a U.K. network of LGBTQ adoptive and foster families to complete an online survey. Quantitative analysis showed that the majority did not think that being LGBTQ would negatively influence their experience of adopting, although they were evenly split regarding the expectation of whether they would be matched with a harder-to-place child. To explore LGBTQ parents’ motivations for adoption, a thematic analysis of the qualitative data was conducted. One overarching theme was identified as seeking permanency, together with three often closely related subthemes: altruistic/moral motivation, individualistic/intrinsic motivation, and motivated reasoning. The findings reflect important changes in U.K. law since the Adoption and Children Act in 2002 permitted same-gender couples to adopt. We suggest ways to inform the recruitment of potential LGBTQ adoptive parents.
The Role of Attachment of Each Partner on Marital Adjustment
Authors: Siegel Alana , Levin Yafit , Solomon Zahava
Published: November 2018

This study conducted a latent profile analysis on quantitative data gathered from 156 married couples, so to learn more about the role of attachment and gender in marital adjustment. This study explored Finzi-Dottan, Cohen, and Tyano’s (2004) theoretical model, which focuses on how the attachment of each partner contributes to the relationship’s dynamics. Findings were that two partners with secure attachment reported the highest levels of marital adjustment. Both partners with high levels of avoidance or anxiety reported the lowest levels of adjustment. Couples with a mixture of attachment experienced differing levels of adjustment. Differently than predicted, avoidant wives with secure husbands did not experience lower levels of adjustment than secure wives with avoidant husbands. Rather, the husbands endorsed lower levels of adjustment, while these differences were not implicated in the wives’ adjustment. The attachment profile combination was related to the spouse’s gender. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Synthesis of zeolites from fly ash with the use of modified two-step hydrothermal method and preliminary SO2 sorption tests
Authors: Czuma Natalia , Baran Paweł , Franus Wojciech , Zabierowski Piotr , Zarębska Katarzyna
Published: November 2018

Synthesis of zeolites from fly ash is an ecologically justified process aimed at the transformation of energy sector waste – fly ash into microcrystalline zeolites of broad possible application field. In this study, the synthesis of zeolites from fly ash by using a modified two-step synthesis was presented. The aim of such a planned experiment was to use the waste solutions from previous synthesis, in such a way that minimalization of negative influence of post-synthesis wastes on environment was possible. Received materials were tested for its sulfur dioxide sorption capacity, indicating its future possible application to capture SO2 from exhaust gases.
An Examination of the Safety of Signalized Intersections in Consideration of Nearby Access Points
Authors: Megat-Johari Megat-Usamah , Bazargani Bahareh , Kirsch Trevor J. , Barrette Timothy P. , Savolainen Peter T.
Published: November 2018

Effective access management is critical to the safe and efficient operation of roadway corridors. Access management is particularly important near signalized intersections, where adjacent driveways exacerbate the crash risks created by conflict points at the primary intersection. This study examines the relationship between crash risk and access spacing in the vicinity of 415 signalized urban intersections. The frequency of access points near each signalized intersection of interest was collected to examine the differences in experienced crash frequency over a five-year period. Additional information about each access point was collected, including details of turning movement restrictions and estimated driveway volumes. A series of buffers of varying radii were considered to examine how crash rates varied based upon the spatial proximity of access points to each signalized intersection. In addition, traffic volume and roadway geometric information was collected and utilized as a part of this evaluation. A series of crash prediction models were estimated to discern how crash rates varied based upon the access point density on the intersection approaches along the major (i.e., higher volume) roadway. As the number of access points increased, the crash rates also increased. This relationship was consistent in direction, but varied in magnitude, depending on the size of the buffers, which varied in radius from 50 ft to 600 ft at 50-ft intervals. The number of crashes by location was also shown to vary based upon the number of travel lanes, the number of intersection legs, and the land use type of the adjacent driveways.
La Nostra Esperienza con la Tasca Ileo-Colica Continente (Indiana Modificata): Note di Tecnica
Authors: Leoni S. , Cesolari R. Rossi , Mora A. , Lusenti C.
Published: November 2018

The ileo-colic continent pouch in a modified Indiana version has been used in our Unit for some years now on those patients where an orthotopical neo-bladder is impossible. This technique exploits the ileocecal valve's characteristics of continence. The operative stages are indicated, highlighting the main characteristics and unusual technical aspects. We usually use the ascending colon section with supply from ileo-colic artery to obtain a small pouch, which is then enlarged with a 25 cm long detubulised ileal section. The uretero-ileal anastomosis is made by sub-mucosal anti-reflux tunnel. The terminal ileus, which will act as a duct, is anastomised to the umbilical skin, keeping it straight. The choice of umbilical site for the anastomy is excellent for easy self-catheterisation and external appearance. Couch capacity is immediately 600 cc. Urodynamic evaluation shows low pressure in all stages of filling (up to 900 cc) without pressure peaks due to peristaltic contractions.
Linfomi non Hodgkin ad Esordio Apparentemente Urologico: Presentazione di due Casi
Authors: Pizzorno R. , Repetto U. , Schenone M. , Medica M. , Vimercati R. , Lillo M. , Audino P. , Traverso P.
Published: November 2018

We present the cases two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to illustrate the variety of urological problems that can occur in this group of malignancies. Most cases with urogenital involvement are in an advanced state of the disease and cannot be cured by operation alone. Surgery is most useful to obtain tissue for diagnosis and to preserve renal function while chemotherapy and or radiotherapy dissolves the tumour.
Valutazioni Clinico-Urodinamiche Sulla Neovescica Ileale Ortotopica Riconfigurata Sec. Rouxel-Coadou: Nostra Esperienza
Authors: Larosa M. , Simonazzi M. , Ferretti S. , Cortellini P.
Published: November 2018

Twelve patients were submitted to orthotopic ileal neobladder, performed using staplers. All patients underwent clinical and urodynamic evaluations at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery (mean follow-up 6 months). They reported complete daytime continence and 2 pts/4 night-time continence too. At one year, post-voiding volume was absent, mean neobladder capacity was 450 cc and mean pressure at maximum capacity was 30-40 cc. These preliminary results indicate that this technique guarantees low-pressure reservoir with good capacity and compliance.
TUIP: Un'alternativa nel trattamento dell'IPB
Authors: Tombolini P. , Ruoppolo M. , Cogni M. , Zaatar C. , Ferri P.M. , Tagliaferri A. , Bellorofonte C.
Published: November 2018

The authors report their experience with TUIP (Orandi's technique) in treating benign prostatic hypertrophy. Their good results lead to the conclusion that this method for removing obstruction in both young and elderly patients in precarious general conditions, is a valid alternative to traditional transurethral resection.
Il contributo dell'eco color doppler nella valutazione dello scroto acuto
Authors: Del Boca C. , Guardamagna A. , Corsi G. , Giuberti A.C. , Ferrari C. , Colloi D.
Published: November 2018

The Authors report their experience in the use of Echo color Doppler in acute scrotum. The study is based on the treatment on 121 patients from 2 to 43 years (mean 19 years) affected by acute scrotal disease using an Acuson 128 with a 7 MHz linear probe and a Doppler frequency of 5 MHz. Of 57 patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute torsion of the spermatic cord only 21 (36.8%) had an absence of blood flow confirmed echographically. In 55 patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute epididymal flogosis, 46 (83.6%) were confirmed echographically. In the other subjects 5 acute spermatic cord torsion (9.1%), 2 hematomas in testicular neoplasia (3.6%) and 2 spontaneous hematomas were discovered. In the remaining 9 cases, wjth a history of scrotal trauma, the echographic patterns showed a scrotal hematoma and the integrity of the tunica albuginea or the lack of it. After having compared the US color Doppler with other instrumental techniques for acute scrotum, the Authors conclude by considering this procedure the most indicated for all acute scrotal diseases.