bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunodetection of Furcraea Necrotic Streak Virus-FSNV in Fique Plants (Furcraea Macrophylla Baker) Using A Polyclonal Antibody IgY Produced in Chicken Egg Yolk
Authors: Toloza-Moreno Deisy , Villamizar-Rivero Laura , Cuartas-Otálora Paola , Barrera-Cubillos Gloria
Published: January 2021

The necrotic streak of the fique (Furcraea spp.) or “Macana” disease is considered the most limiting disease for this crop in Colombia, whose causal agent is the Furcraea Necrotic Streak Virus - FSNV (RNA +). Currently, there are no strategies to control the disease, being necessary to develop methods for early detection of this disease in the planting material before being taken to the field. In this study, polyclonal antibodies produced in egg yolk (IgY) were assesses for detection FSNV. Two immunoenzymatic methodologies were standardized: Dot Blot Immunobinding Assay (DBIA) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), determining their specificity and sensitivity. The detection limit by DBIA corresponded to 8 µg/mL of purified virus suspension using 10 µg/mL of primary antibody. In the ELISA test, the primary antibody concentration of 3 µg/mL (1:800 dilution) detected the antigen at concentrations between 10 and 70 µg/mL. The polyclonal antibody anti-FNSV IgY allowed the detection of FNSV in samples of purified virus and extracts of roots and leaves of fique plants with symptoms of “Macana” disease and did not produce any signal with the control samples. Results showed the potential of using egg yolk IgY for immunological test as a novel approach for the early detection of FNSV in fique plants.
Competing zero-field Chern insulators in Superconducting Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Authors: Efetov Dmitri , Stepanov Petr , Xie Ming , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Lu Xiaobo , MacDonald Allan , Bernevig B. Andrei
Published: January 2021

The discovery of magic angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) has unveiled a rich variety of superconducting, magnetic and topologically nontrivial phases. The existence of all these phases in one material, and their tunability, has opened new pathways for the creation of unusual gate tunable junctions. However, the required conditions for their creation – gate induced transitions between phases in zero magnetic field – have so far not been achieved. Here, we report on the first experimental demonstration of a device that is both a zero-field Chern insulator and a superconductor. The Chern insulator occurs near moiré cell filling factor = +1 in a hBN non-aligned MATBG device and manifests itself via an anomalous Hall effect. The insulator has Chern number C= ±1 and a relatively high Curie temperature of Tc ≈ 4.5 K. Gate tuning away from this state exposes strong superconducting phases with critical temperatures of up to Tc ≈ 3.5 K. In a perpendicular magnetic field above B > 0.5 T we observe a transition of the = +1 Chern insulator from Chern number C = ±1 to C = 3, characterized by a quantized Hall plateau with Ryx = h/3e2. These observations show that interaction-induced symmetry breaking in MATBG leads to zero-field ground states that include almost degenerate and closely competing Chern insulators, and that states with larger Chern numbers couple most strongly to the B-field. By providing the first demonstration of a system that allows gate-induced transitions between magnetic and superconducting phases, our observations mark a major milestone in the creation of a new generation of quantum electronics.
Healthy Eating Behavior Change with Psychological Features and Insulin Resistance: Buffet and Food Diary App Analysis
Authors: Kim Meelim , Park Seihee , Kim Courtney , Choi Hyung Jin
Published: January 2021

Food intake, proportion, and diversity are the major cornerstones of eating behavior. This study examined changes in eating behavior phenotypes using a randomized controlled study (RCT) of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for healthy behavior augmentation (dCBT), with 45 individuals in the dCBT group and 25 individuals in the control group. The dCBT group received a daily intervention for lifestyle modification, while the control group performed self-care for eight weeks. The food intake, proportion, and diversity of both groups were assessed using two different methods: a food diary via a mobile app and buffet test meals consisting of 24 food items classified as healthy or unhealthy. Results revealed that dCBT was successful in promoting healthy eating behaviors that led to physiological and psychological adjustment for the metabolic mechanisms and consequences of healthy eating behavior. Restrained eating behavior at baseline significantly predicted changes in food intake and diversity of healthy diets after the intervention. Lastly, changes in satisfaction with body shape and insulin resistance were significantly correlated with changes in food intake and diversity in healthy diets. These findings suggest that investigating eating behaviors using objective and self-report methods and psychological and physiological indices can facilitate individualized treatment in obesity clinics.
Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals High-Salt Diet-Induced Abnormal Liver Metabolic Pathways in Mice
Authors: Li Yanping , Lyu Yufei , Huang Jing , Huang Kun , Yu Jiufei
Published: January 2021

Background: Although salt plays an important role in maintaining the normal physiological metabolism of the human body, many potential abnormalities in liver, especially with normal pathological results, caused by high-salt diet are not well characterized. Methods: Eight-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a normal group and a high salt group. After feeding with normal or sodium-rich chow (containing 6% NaCl) for 6 weeks. Liver injury were evaluated and the influences of a high-salt diet on liver were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. Results: We found that although no liver parenchymal injury was found after high-salt feeding, many metabolic abnormalities had formed based on transcriptome sequencing results. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed that at least 15 enzyme activities and the metabolism of multiple substances were affected by a high-salt diet. Moreover, a variety of signaling, and metabolic pathways, as well as biological functions, including some known pathways and many novel ones, such as retinol metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and signaling pathways, were involved in liver dysfunction due to a high-salt diet. Conclusions: High-salt diet could induce a serious abnormal liver metabolic pathway in mice, although substantial damage has not yet been shown. This study is the first to reveal the impact of a high-salt diet on the liver at the omics level, and provides theoretical support for potential clinical risk evaluation, pathogenic mechanisms, and drug design for combating liver dysfunction, and this study also provides a serious candidate direction for further research on the physiological impacts of high-salt diets.
Movement Behaviors during COVID-19. A Survey among Children under Five Years of Latin American Origin or Descent from Chile, Mexico, and the US
Authors: Jauregui Alejandra , Salvo Deborah , Aguilar-Farias Nicolas , Okely Anthony
Published: January 2021

Movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior (including screen time), and sleep) have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to report changes in and factors influencing movement behaviors during COVID-19 among Latin American/Latino children aged 1 to 5 years in Chile, Mexico, and the USA. We conducted a cross-sectional study between April and August 2020. Caregivers reported changes in movement behaviors and provided information about family and household characteristics. In total, 4,136 children (mean age [SD], 3.1 [1.4] years; 51% boys). The proportion of children who met the WHO Guidelines decreased significantly in all countries, with large declines in meeting the physical activity and screen time guidelines. Factors associated with changes were being an older child, unable to attend an early childhood education and care service, higher parental education levels, not having the opportunity to play with someone, and not having access to spaces to play. During COVID-19, Latino parents reported changes in physical activity, screen time, and sleep quality among their toddlers and preschoolers. The findings highlight the need to minimize disparities faced by families by providing access to early childhood education and care and safe places for children to play.
HDM exposure enhances subsequent responses to OVA-induced food allergy
Authors: Lin Jianli , Chen Desheng , Chang Kexin , Li Dan , Guan Lvxin , Sun Baoqing , Yang Pingchang , Liu Zhigang
Published: January 2021

HDM (House dust mites) are important environmental trigger factors of airway allergic diseases, the allergens of HDM were detected in the human gut mucosa, which induces local inflammation and increases intestinal permeability. This study tests a hypothesis that house dust mites contribute to the development of OVA (ovalbumin)-induced food allergy. The serum levels of IgE against HDM in patients with food allergy were detected with UniCAP100 (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden); the HDM-induced/the OVA-induced mouse model of food allergy was developed. Difference between 2 groups was determined by Student t test or ANOVA if more than two groups. Compared to the healthy controls, the patients with food allergy have higher levels of serum IgE against HDM. Compared to food allergy alone groups, the levels of IgE against HDM in food allergy with asthma or allergic rhinitis groups were increased significantly. In mouse models, we found that HDM/OVA induced allergy-like symptoms, lower body temperature, and lower body weight. The levels of IgE, IgG1, mMCP-1 (mouse mast cell protease-1), IL-4 and IL-5 in the HDM and HDM + CT (cholera toxin) groups were higher than the control groups, and the levels of IgE, IgG1, IL-4 and IL-5 in the HDM, OVA and HDM + OVA groups were higher than the control groups. The pathology of intestinal tract in the HDM and HDM + CT/the HDM, OVA and HDM + OVA groups were more severe and exhibited more eosinophils than the control groups. Moreover, the prior exposure to HDM induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, and facilitated the development of intestinal allergy in mice. Based on above data and previous researches, we put forward that HDM exposure enhances subsequent responses to OVA-induced food allergy.
Guided Growth Vs. Tibial Osteotomy in Early Stage of Blount Disease
Authors: ASSAN Beaudelaire Romulus , SIMON Anne-Laure , ADJADOHOUN Sonia , SEGBEDJI Geraud Garcia Philemon Satingo , ASSOUTO Cedric Bignon Ulrich , HOUEGBAN Amoussou Sedjro Clotaire Romeo , SOUCHET Philippe , GOUDJO Eudes Ulrich Elvis Mahougnon , METCHIHOUNGBE Codjo Serge , YASSEGOUNGBE Monsoïa Gildas , FIOGBE Michel Armand , ILHARREBORDE Brice , GBENOU Antoine Seraphin
Published: January 2021

Background: There are no real comparative study between guided growth and tibial osteotomy in early stage of Blount disease. The aim of this work was to compare the results of patients treated by these two techniques. Method: We had performed a multicenter retrospective, descriptive and analytical study over a period of 05 years. All children admitted for Blount disease without medial proximal tibial epiphysiodesis and treated by one of these techniques were included. Age, sex, existence of tibial torsion, radiological stage based on Catonne's classification were studied. We also evaluated preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at latest follow-up tibiofemoral angle, mechanical medial proximal tibial angle, mechanical lateral distal femoral angle, and the tibial metaphyso-diaphyseal angle. Results: Seventeen (17) patients for 24 knees were included. The sex ratio was 0.54. All patients had tibial torsion. Fourteen knees (64%) were treated by guided growth at a mean age of 5.5±2.5 (range, 3-9 years). With a mean follow-up of 12 ± 3.5 months (range 6-15month); tibiofemoral, mechanical medial proximal tibial, and tibial metaphyso-diaphyseal angles were significantly corrected with normalization of the mechanical axis in 8 patients (60%). Ten patients (36%) were treated by revisited Rab osteotomy at a mean age of 7.7±4.9 years (range, 4-12 years). At a mean follow-up of 23±15 months (range, 10-48 months), only tibial metaphyso-diaphyseal angle was significantly corrected. The recurrence rate was 60%. Despite perfect correction of tibiofemoral, and mechanical medial proximal tibial angles in immediate postoperative follow-up, they gradually decrease in patients treated by Rab osteotomy, whereas they gradually increased in case of guided growth. Conclusion: Guided growth appears to be the best treatment for early stage of Blount disease. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered
New criteria for histopathological classification of testis based on Johnsen score for male infertility using automated deep learning software
Authors: Ito Yurika , Unagami Mami , Yamabe Fumito , Mitsui Yozo , Nakajima Koichi , Nagao Koichi , Kobayashi Hideyuki
Published: January 2021

We examined whether a tool for determining Johnsen scores automatically using artificial intelligence (AI) could be used in place of traditional Johnsen scoring to support pathologists’ evaluations. Average precision, precision, and recall assessed by the Google Cloud AutoML vision platform. We obtained testicular tissues for the 275 patients and were able to make 264 haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained glass microscope slides. In addition, we cut out of parts of the histopathology images (5.0 X 5.0 cm) for expansion of Johnsen’s characteristic areas with seminiferous tubules. We defined four labels: Johnsen score 1-3, 4-5, 6-7, and 8-10 to distinguish Johnsen scores in clinical practice. All images were uploaded to the Google Cloud AutoML vision platform. We obtained a dataset of 7155 images at magnification X400 and a dataset of 9822 expansion images for the 5.0 X 5.0 cm cutouts. For the X400 magnification image dataset, the average precision (positive predictive value) of the algorithm was 82.6%, precision was 80.31%, and recall was 60.96%. For the expansion image dataset (5.0 X 5.0 cm), the average precision of the algorithm was 99.5%, precision was 96.29%, and recall was 96.23%. This is the first report of an AI-based algorithm for predicting Johnsen scores.
Meta-Analysis of RNA-Seq Studies Reveals Genes With Dominant Functions During Flower Bud Endo- To Eco-Dormancy Transition in Prunus Species
Authors: Canton Monica , Forestan Cristian , Bonghi Claudio , Varotto Serena
Published: January 2021

In deciduous fruit trees, entrance into dormancy occurs in later summer/fall, concomitantly with the shortening of day length and decrease in temperature. Dormancy can be divided into endodormancy, ecodormancy and paradormancy. In Prunus species flower buds, entrance into the dormant stage occurs when the apical meristem is partially differentiated; during dormancy, flower verticils continue their growth and differentiation. Each species and/or cultivar requires exposure to low winter temperature followed by warm temperatures, quantified as chilling and heat requirements, to remove the physiological blocks that inhibit budburst. A comprehensive meta-analysis of transcriptomic studies on flower buds of sweet cherry, apricot and peach was conducted, by investigating the gene expression profiles during bud endo- to ecodormancy transition in genotypes differing in chilling requirements. Conserved and distinctive expression patterns were observed, allowing the identification of gene specifically associated with endodormancy or ecodormancy. In addition to the MADS-box transcription factor family, hormone-related genes, chromatin modifiers, macro- and micro-gametogenesis related genes and environmental integrators, were identified as novel biomarker candidates for flower bud development during winter in stone fruits. In parallel, flower bud differentiation processes were associated to dormancy progression and termination and to environmental factors triggering dormancy phase-specific gene expression.
Discovery of A New Mammal Species (Soricidae: Eulipotyphla) From Narcondam Volcanic Island, India
Authors: Kamalakannan Manokaran , Sivaperuman Chandrakasan , Kundu Shantanu , Gokulakrishnan Govindarusu , Venkatraman Chinnadurai , Chandra Kailash
Published: January 2021

The present study discovered the existence of a new Crocidura species of shrew (Soricidae: Eulipotyphla) from Narcondam Island, India by using both morphological and molecular approaches. The new species, Crocidura narcondamica sp. nov. is medium-sized and has a distinct external morphology (darker-grey dense fur with a thick and darker tail) and craniodental (braincase is rounded and elevated with weak lambdoidal ridges) characters in comparison with other close congeners. This description illuminates the first discovery of soricid fauna (shrew) from this volcanic island and a total of 12 Crocidura species catalogued in the Indian checklist of mammals. The newly discovered species maintained sufficient genetic distances (12% to 16.6%) with other Crocidura species known from the Indian mainland, Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago, and Myanmar. Both Maximum-Likelihood and Bayesian phylogeny showed distinct clustering of all soricid species and exhibited congruence with the previous evolutionary hypothesis. The present phylogenetic analyses also furnished the oldest evolutionary lineages of this newly discovered species in comparison with other congeners, which assumed to be possible colonization of this species due to immature radiation in Narcondam Island.
Effect of Revascularization on Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Kim Yun Seok , Lee Jiyun , Kim Hwan Wook , Kang Joonkyu , Song Hyun , Lim Ju Yong
Published: January 2021

Background: Bypass grafting for chronic total occlusions remains surgically challenging and controversial. Therefore, we evaluated the incidence and clinical outcomes of revascularization on chronic total occlusions undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.Methods: Among 828 patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass surgery from January 2010 to December 2018, 245 patients (29.5%) diagnosed with at least one chronic total occlusion were included and retrospectively reviewed. Primary endpoints were 30-day and overall mortality. Secondary endpoint was the composite outcome of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events. Results: With a mean follow-up of 56.6 ± 6.5 months in 245 patients with chronic total occlusions, 51 patients (20.9%) received incomplete revascularization for chronic total occlusions. Risk factor analysis showed that incomplete revascularization was associated with increased 30-day (odds ratio 8.62; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.64 – 50; p = 0.011) and overall mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 2.13; 95% CI 1.07 – 4.21; p = 0.03). ICR also increased the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (HR 1.98; 95% CI 1.12 – 3.54; p = 0.01). Freedom from overall mortality was 92.8%, 90.4%, and 86.8% in the complete revascularization group, and 86.3%, 80.0%, and 72.7% in the incomplete revascularization group, at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively (p = 0.004).Conclusions: In patients with chronic total occlusions undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, the rate of incomplete revascularization was 20.9%, and it significantly increased the risk of mortality and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events. Further studies in a large cohort are needed.
Postoperative Stroke in Patients After Spinal Anesthesia and Disparate Response Patterns of Carotid or Cerebral Blood Flow and Baroreflex Functionality to Spinal Bupivacaine in Rats
Authors: Poon Yan-Yuen , Liu Yueh-Wei , Huang Ya‐Hui , Chan Samuel H.H. , Tsai Ching-Yi
Published: January 2021

Spinal anesthesia is generally accepted as an effective and safe practice. Three rare incidents of postoperative cerebral infarction after surgery under spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine prompted us to assess whether spinal bupivacaine may impact carotid or cerebral blood flow and baroreflex functionality. We found that all three patients shared common pathology of stenosis or atheromatous lesions in the carotid or middle cerebral artery. In a companion animal study, we further observed that subarachnoid application of bupivacaine that reached low thoracic spinal cord in male Sprague‐Dawley rats elicited an initial (Phase I) reduction in mean arterial pressure (MAP), carotid blood flow (CBF) and baroreflexmediated sympathetic vasomotor tone, all of which returned to baseline in Phase II. Whereas heart rate (HR) exhibited sustained reduction, cardiac vagal baroreflex, baroreflex efficiency index (BEI) and tissue perfusion and oxygen in cerebral cortex supplied by middle cerebral artery remained unaltered during both phases. However, in one‐third of animals studied, Phase II gave way to a Phase III characterized by secondary hypotension and depressed baroreflex‐mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone, along with continuous decline in HR, sustained cardiac vagal baroreflex, decreased BEI, and reduction in CBF and tissue perfusion or oxygen in cerebral cortex. We conclude that carotid and cerebral blood flow can be compromised after spinal anesthesia, and impaired baroreflex‐mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone that leads to hypotension plays a contributory role.
The Causes of Chest Pain and the Positive Rate of Myocardial Enzyme Testing in Diagnosis of Chest Pain in Children
Authors: Chen Li , Duan Hongzhou , Li Xiaoyan , Yang Zuozhen , Jiao Meng , Sun Kangtai , Jin Mei
Published: January 2021

Background Chest pain is a common complaint at pediatric cardiology clinics and often leads to an extensive cardiac evaluation. In this study, we analyzed the causes of chest pain in Chinese children and developed criteria for targeted myocardial enzyme testing.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients aged below 18 years visiting our hospital for chest pain between 2005 and 2019. Based on auxiliary exams and clinical diagnosis, we analyzed the positive rate of myocardial enzyme testing in identifying the causes of chest pain in children.Results A total of 7251 children were included in this study. The chest pain was of cardiac origin in 581 patients (8.0%). The incidence of noncardiac chest pain was significantly higher in the preschool group and the school-age group than in the adolescent group (93.5% vs 93.8% vs 90.3%, P < 0.05). Among children with cardiac chest pain, the most common concomitant symptom was chest tightness (67.0%). Myocardial enzyme testing was performed in 5408 patients and was abnormal in 453 (8.4%) patients.Conclusions In children, chest pain is mostly benign and rarely cardiac. During diagnosis, targeted myocardial enzyme testing based on medical history and physical examination can effectively reduce resource use.
Impulsive Selfish and Contemplated Prosocial Behavior in Children
Authors: Ishihara Toru , Morita Noriteru , Takagishi Haruto , Kamijo Keita
Published: January 2021

Cooperation is required for human beings to survive and thrive. In the past decade, to deepen the understanding of human cooperation, more attention has been paid to default prosocial behavior and calculated selfish behavior in the adult population. Whether prosocial behavior is due to an intrinsically altruistic nature or to internalized social norms remains controversial. We approached this question by examining the relationship between cognitive control and decision time, and prosocial behavior in children. We analyzed the data obtained from 226 children aged from 8 to 11 years. The results indicated that greater cognitive control and longer decision time were independently associated with promoted prosocial behavior. That is, the intuitive cooperation model of prosocial behavior established in the adult population may not be supported in children. Although cognitive control was positively associated with prosocial behavior, even children with poor cognitive control promoted prosocial behavior when they were given sufficient decision time. Our findings support the view that prosocial behaviors are automated as habits by the internalization of social norms through lived experiences, and that human beings have an intrinsically selfish nature.
Buffalo Sperm Surface Proteome Profiling Reveals an Intricate Relationship Between Innate Immunity and Reproduction
Authors: Batra Vipul , Bhushan Vanya , Ali Syed , Sarwalia Parul , Solanki Subhash , Kumaresan Arumugam , Kumar Rakesh , Datta Tirtha
Published: January 2021

BackgroundLow conception rate (CR) despite insemination with morphologically normal spermatozoa is a common reproductive restraint which limits buffalo productivity. This accounts for a significant loss to the farmers and the dairy industry, especially in agriculture-based economies. The immune-related proteins on the sperm surface are known to regulate fertility by assisting the spermatozoa in their survival and performance in the female reproductive tract (FRT). Regardless of their importance, very few studies have specifically catalogued the buffalo sperm surface proteome. The study was designed to determine the identity of sperm surface proteins and to ascertain if the epididymal expressed beta-defensins (BDs), implicated in male fertility, are translated and applied onto buffalo sperm surface along with other immune-related proteins. ResultsThe raw mass spectra data searched against in-house generated proteome database from UniProt using Comet search engine identified more than 300 proteins on the ejaculated buffalo sperm surface which were bound either by non-covalent (ionic) interactions or by a GPI-anchor. The singular enrichment analysis (SEA) revealed that most of these proteins were extracellular with varied binding activities and were involved in either immune or reproductive processes. Flow cytometry using six FITC-labelled lectins confirmed the prediction of glycosylation of these proteins. Several beta-defensins (BDs), the anti-microbial peptides including the BuBD-129 and 126 were also identified amongst the buffalo sperm surface proteins. The presence of these proteins was confirmed by immunocytochemistry and IVF experiments. Conclusions The surface of the buffalo spermatozoa is heavily glycosylated because of the epididymal secreted glycoproteins like BDs and the GPI-anchored proteins. The glycosylation pattern, however, could be perturbed in the presence of elevated salt concentration or incubation with PI-PLC. The identification of numerous BuBDs on the sperm surface strengthens our hypothesis that these BDs assist the buffalo spermatozoa either in their survival or in performance in the FRT. Our results suggest that BuBD-129 is a sperm-surface BD which could have a role in buffalo sperm function. Further studies elucidating its exact physiological function are required to better understand its roles in the regulation of male fertility.
Endovascular Treatment of Falcine Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Piao Jianmin , Zhao Yuhao , Yang Zhongxi , Yu Jinlu
Published: January 2021

BackgroundDural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) often occurs in the cavernous sinus, transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus, tentorium, etc. A DAVF in the falcine sinus is extremely rare in adults. DAVF treatment has progressed from microsurgery to endovascular treatment (EVT). At present, the treatment for DAVF in the falcine sinus is mainly EVT. Cases PresentationWe present 2 cases of DAVF in the falcine sinus. In case 1, the patient was a 38-year-old male, and in case 2, the patient was a 35-year-old female; both had sudden onset of cerebral hemorrhage. They underwent CT angiography (CTA) and/or digital subtraction angiography (DSA), which showed a DAVF in the falcine sinus. In case 1, the feeding artery was only the right middle meningeal artery (MMA), which drained to the superior sagittal sinus through the cortical vein. In contrast, in case 2, there were a variety of feeding arteries, including bilateral ophthalmic arteries, the internal maxillary artery and the right MMA, and the DAVF drained through both cortical veins and cerebral deep veins simultaneously. Both were cases of Cognard type IV DAVF. Using Onyx (Medtronic, Irvine, California, USA), both patients underwent complete EVT through the MMA, with a satisfactory therapeutic outcome. ConclusionWe believe that it is highly feasible to use Onyx for DAVFs in the falcine sinus using an arterial approach through the MMA to perform EVT. Nevertheless, due to the limited number of cases, we still need to accumulate additional experience.
Significance of mucin type glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase 3 expression in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Yu-Jun , Gao Li , Zhang Rui , Chen Gang , Feng Zhen-bo , Zhao Yong-Xiang
Published: January 2021

Background: The clinical significance and role of glycan synthase glucosamine (N-acetyl) transferase 3 (GCNT3) has not been investigated in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).Materials & Methods: In the present study, multiple detection technologies including tissue microarrays, external microarrays and RNA-seq were adopted for evaluating the clinic-pathological significance of GCNT3 in 1632 LUSC samples and 1478 non-cancer samples. Standard mean difference and hazard ratio value were calculated from all included datasets for assessing differential expression and prognostic value of GCNT3 in LUSC. The molecular basis underlying GCNT3 in LUSC was also explored through methylation level, genetic mutation and functional enrichment analysis of GCNT3-correlated genes in LUSC. Results: GCNT3 was obviously upregulated in LUSC samples. GCNT3 overexpression exerted unfavorable impact on the progression-free survival and overall survival of LUSC patients from GSE29013. The mRNA expression of GCNT3 was negatively correlated with methylation level of GCNT3 in LUSC and the predominant type of genetic alteration for GCNT3 in LUSC was mRNA high. Genes correlated with GCNT3 in LUSC mainly assembled in pathways such as adherens junction, p53 signaling pathway, protein digestion and absorption pathway. Conclusions: In conclusion, overexpressed GCNT3 had clinical potential as therapeutic target for LUSC.
Basic research on the effects of hyperbaric oxygen combined with hydrogen-rich saline on acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Chang Yintao , Zhang Zhenzhen , Bao Xiaochen , Wang Mingdong , Jin Yuxiang , Zhang Si'ang , Zhao Xuewei , Fang Yiqun , Xue Lei
Published: January 2021

Background

To investigate the effects of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on acute lung injury (ALI) and its clinical significance.
Methods

40 adult male Sprague-Dawlay rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the sham, LPS, LPS + HBO, LPS + HRS and LPS + HBO + HRS. LPS at a rate of 3 mg/kg was injected into the trachea of the experimental animals to develop ALI model, then the animals were respectively given simple HBO or HRS treatment or combined treatment. 3 days later, we study lung pathological, the levels of inflammatory factors, and cell apoptosis in the pulmonary tissue was detected by Tunel and cell apoptosis rate was calculated accordingly.
Results

In the groups treated with HRS and HBO, pulmonary pathological data, wet-dry weight ratio and immflammatory factors in the pulmonary tissues and avelar lavage fluid were signficantly superiror to those of the control group(P < 0.05). Cell apoptosis detection revealed that treatment with either simple HRS and HBO or combined treatment of the two could all alleviate cell apoptosis, and the combined treatment with HRS and HBO was obviously superior to single treatment༈P < 0.05༉.
Conclusions

HRS and HBO could all decrease the release of immflammatory cytokines in lung tissue, reduce accumulation of oxidative products and alleviate apoptosis of pulmoanry cells, and could produce good therapeutic effects on ALI induced by LPS. HBO combined with HRS seems to have a synergistic effect on the decrease of cell apoptosis, and in the expression of immflammatory cytokines and the generation of related immflammatory products, the combined use of HBO and HRS showed a decreasing trend as compared with simple application.
Video Intervention Therapy for Primary Caregivers in a Child Psychiatry Unit: A Randomized Feasibility Trial
Authors: Leyton Fanny , Olhaberry Marcia , Morán Javier , Cerda Cecilia de la , León María José , Sieverson Catalina , Alfaro Angela , Hernández Camila , Alvardo Rubén , Steele Howard
Published: January 2021

Background: During child psychiatry hospitalization, working with the families or attachment figures is a challenge, most of the children who are admitted to these units come from multi-problem families, with limited research in this area. Video Feedback (VF) intervention have proved to be a powerful resource to promote parental and child wellbeing in small children and has been used with parents with a psychiatric condition. Parental Reflective Functioning (PRF) is one of the parental abilities that can be improved with VF and could be especially important in coping with conflict and negative emotions in older children. The aim of this study is to implement Video Intervention Therapy (VIT) to enhance PRF in primary caregivers of inpatient psychiatric children. As there is no published research using VF with parents of children with severe psychopathology in a hospitalized context, this becomes a much needed pilot study providing evidence for a larger randomized control trial (RCT). Methods: The study is a single center, two-arm feasibility randomized control trial with a qualitative component. Block randomization was done to generate a 2:1 allocation, leaving more participants in the intervention group. The intervention comprises four modules; every module has both one video-recorded play session and one VIT session (in a group setting) per week. Evaluation of the caregivers included assessments of PRF and wellbeing, child assessment included parent-ratings and clinician-ratings of symptomatology and general functioning. Results: Thirty participants were randomized; eligibility and recruitment rate were 70.6% and 83.3% respectively. Compliance-to-intervention rate was 85% in the VIT group and 90% in the control group. All participants completed entry evaluation and 90% at 3 months follow-up. The intervention was acceptable to participants and feasible for therapists to deliver. Outcome data must be treated with caution due to the small numbers involved, yet indicate that the VIT may have a positive effect in improving parental and child mental health outcomes.Conclusions: VIT for primary caregivers of child inpatient children was feasible to deliver and acceptable for participants, therapist and the staff unit involved, there is sufficient evidence to undertake a full-scale effectiveness RCT.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03374904. Registered on 14 December 2017
Renal Denervation Ameliorates Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis in Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury
Authors: Zhao Zheng , Li Faquan , Lu Chengzhi , Jiang Yiyao
Published: January 2021

Background: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) has been improved with drugs and effective reperfusion, but it still cannot be prevented. We compared the effects of renal denervation (RDN) and angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) on cardiomyocyte apoptosis after I/R to explore whether RDN can reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis by improving endoplasmic reticulum stress.Methods: Sixty male specific pathogen free (SPF) Wister rats were randomly divided into six groups.(n=6):(a) normal; (b) sham; (c) I/R; (d) RDN; (e) I/R+RDN and (f) I/R+ARNI. We established the I/R rat model by ligating the left anterior descending artery. Rats were exposed tThe renal artery was exposed and then smeared phenol on the vessel for chemical ablation. The I/R+ARNI group received ARNIs for 2 weeks until killed. We also collected the cardiac tissues and blood serum to determine I/R-related indicators and analyze the potential mechanisms involved.Results: The levels of Norepinephrine (NE), Ang II, and aldosterone (ALD)increased significantly in the I/R group but decreased significantly after RDN and ARNI intervention. The expression of Bax, caspase-3, CHOP, PERK, and ATF4 protein was significantly increased in the I/R group, which compared to other groups, and the level of CHOP, PERK, and ATF4 gene expression increased. After RDN intervention, these expression levels recovered to varying degrees. Conclusion: Our results provide new evidence that RDN ameliorates cardiomyocyte apoptosis in I/R. The effect of RDN may be associated with regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK/ATF4 signaling pathway.
Tissue Expression of Methyltransferases in Response to Acute and Long-term Exercise in Sedentary Men
Authors: Olsen Thomas , Lee Sindre , Vinknes Kathrine , Norheim Frode , Hjorth Marit , Turner Cheryl , Refsum Helga , Jensen Jørgen , Birkeland Kåre , Drevon Christian
Published: January 2021

Exercise influences epigenetic regulation of gene expression by modulating tissue methyltransferase activity, whereas effects on methyltransferases with other crucial biological functions have not been elucidated. We performed RNA sequencing of skeletal muscle (SkM) and white adipose tissue (WAT) obtained from 26 sedentary men undergoing acute exercise (AE) and a long-term, 12-week exercise intervention (LTE). We investigated exercise effects on tissue methyltransferase transcripts and a plasma marker of methylation capacity (methionine/homocysteine ratio). Blood and tissue samples were obtained before, just after and 2 h after AE (blood and SkM), and before and after LTE (blood, SkM, WAT). Differential expression analyses revealed that 43 (15 up; 26 down) and 55 (31 up; 23 down) methyltransferases were differentially expressed in SkM just after and 2 h after AE, respectively. After LTE, 69 methyltransferases (13 up; 55 down) were differentially expressed in SkM. Upregulated methyltransferases were implicated in histone and peptidyl-lysine methylation (AE, 0 h), RNA processing (AE, 2 h), and cell communication (LTE). Downregulated methyltransferases were implicated in gene expression (AE, 0 h) and mRNA processing (LTE). Plasma methionine/homocysteine decreased after AE, but was elevated after LTE. In conclusion, AE and LTE influence SkM but not WAT methyltransferase transcript levels and plasma methionine/homocysteine.
Predictive Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Tap Test Responsiveness in Patients With Suspected Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Hua Rongrong , Liu Chunyan , Liu Xing , Zhu Jinwu , Zhang Jie , Wang Lidong , Shi Zhe , Li Jian , Kong Shuangyan , Yang Chenhui , Liu Nan , Liu Lijuan , Sun Jie , Yang Qiong , Wu Yubing , Zhou Ying , Li Yanfeng , Xing Yan
Published: January 2021

Background The value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) needs to be determined. This prospective study aimed to reveal the correlation between CSF biomarkers and clinical symptoms of iNPH, and its predictive value for tap test responsiveness.Case presentation Thirty-nine suspected iNPH patients were recruited, contributed qualified CSF, and accepted a tap test and unified pre- and post-test evaluation of neurological function. The analysis of biomarkers from their CSF showed a decrease of tau and its phosphorylated form, especially in the tap test (+) group. In addition, the responsiveness of the tap test was also related to the number of combined symptoms (p<0.01). A correlation was also found between the end pressure or pressure difference of CSF and tap test responsiveness (p<0.05). The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that P (tap test responsiveness) = 1/1 + e ^ - (-5.505+55.314 * ratio of p/T-tau - 1.586 * numbers of combined symptoms). The combined indicators (-5.505+0.553* percentage of p/T-tau - 1.586 * numbers of combined symptoms) gave the highest sensitivity and specificity, which were 94.12% and 72.73%, respectively. Conclusions The combined indicators calculated from p/T-tau and the numbers of combined symptoms may be accessed in judgment of tap test responsiveness, which is beneficial for the feasibility of clinical application.
Expression of lncRNAs Associated with GPCRs and Clinical Prognosis in GBM
Authors: Wang Hao , Wang Yaohui , xiang wei
Published: January 2021

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system with a poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a variety of key regulatory roles in a variety of biological processes, and have an important influence on the occurrence and development of tumors by regulating the expression of target genes. However, their role in the prognosis of GBM is still lacking in accurate prognostic markers.This study aims to establish an effective lncRNAs model to evaluate the prognosis of GBM.Methods: We used data of mRNA, lncRNA and clinical follow-up from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to conduct univariate analysis, clustering analysis, coding gene difference analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis for GBM patients. lncRNAs that are closely related to the survival and prognosis of GBM were found and a multiple regression model was constructed to calculate the risk score of the samples, so as to accurately predict the clinical prognosis of GBM patients.Results: Through multiple systematic analysis, we found 5 lncRNAs that are closely related to the survival and prognosis of GBM, and these 5 lncRNAs can be used as independent prognostic factors. Through GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis, we found that there is a close relationship between GBM and G protein coupled receptors. Therefore, 93 mRNAs associated with G-protein-coupled receptors and 5 lncRNAs associated with independent prognostic factors were selected to calculate the correlation, respectively. In other words, a tumor-specific lncRNAs/mRNAs co-expression network was constructed through biological prediction based on correlation analysis. The results showed that lncRNAs and mRNAs interregulated very closely in GBM patients. In addition, we also constructed a multiple regression model with these 5 lncRNAs which was able to calculate the risk score of each sample to accurately predict the clinical prognosis of GBM patients.Conclusion: Our study found lncRNAs independently were related to the prognosis of GBM, and successfully constructed a multiple regression model related to lncRNAs, providing a new perspective for better evaluation of the role of lncRNAs in the clinical prognosis of GBM.
The Association Between Deficiency of Nutrient Intake on Resting Metabolic Rate in Overweight and Obese Women: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sajjadi Seyedeh Forough , Mirzababaei Atieh , Abdollahi Afsoun , Shiraseb Farideh , Mirzaei Khadijeh
Published: January 2021

Objective: The double burden of malnutrition is an emerging public health concern nowadays which a correlation with Obesity. This study aimed to examine the relationship between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and dietary intake of zinc, vitamin C, and riboflavin in overweight and obese women.Results: the RMR/FFM showed a significant association with riboflavin (β=1.59; 95% CI: 1.04-23.26, P=0.04) and zinc (β=0.78; 95% CI: 1.04-4.61, P=0.03) in the crude model. Moreover, differences in vitamin C and RMR/FFM was marginal significant (β=0.75; 95% CI: 0.95-4.77, P=0.06). After adjusting for confounders the riboflavin association change to marginal significance (β=1.52; 95% CI: 0.91-23.04, P=0.06). After controlling for potential confounders, the associations change between zinc and RMR/FFM (β=0.66; 95% CI: 0.78-4.86, P=0.15) and between RMR/FFM and vitamin C (β=0.48; 95% CI: 0.66-3.96, P=0.28). Our study showed a significant association between dietary intake of zinc, riboflavin, and vitamin C and change in RMR/FFM in overweight and obese women.
Do Assessments of Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness Influence Subsequent Reported Physical Activity? A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Langland James T , Sathnur Neeraj , Wang Qi , Olson Andrew PJ
Published: January 2021

BackgroundClinicians strive to motivate healthy lifestyle behaviors such as exercise. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular strength are important for good health and their measurement could potentially provide motivation to exercise. We investigated if measurements of CRF and muscular fitness (MF) would influence subsequent self-reported physical activity. MethodsVolunteer subjects at a State Fair were randomized in 1:1 parallel fashion to control and intervention groups. The baseline Exercise Vital Sign (EVS) and type of physical activity were obtained from all subjects. The intervention group received estimated maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) using a step test and muscular strength using a hand grip dynamometer with age-specific norms for both measurements. All subjects were provided exercise recommendations and follow up surveys during the following year regarding their EVS and physical activity. Results1315 individuals (656 intervention, 659 control) were randomized with one year follow up data obtained from 823 subjects (62.5%). Baseline mean EVS was 213 min/week. No change in EVS was found either group at follow-up (p=0.99). Subjects who were less active at baseline (EVS<150) did show an increase in EVS (86 to 146) at 6 months (p<0.05). At 3 months the intervention group increased resistance training (29.1% to 42.8%) compared to controls (26.3% to 31.4%) (p<0.05). Lifestyle physical activity increased in the intervention group at 3 months (27.7% to 29.1%) and 6 months (25%) whereas it declined in the control group at 3 months (24.4% to 20.1%) and 6 months (18.7%) (p<0.05). ConclusionProviding VO2max estimates and grip strength did not produce an increase in overall physical activity. The EVS and exercise recommendations did however result in increased physical activity in less active individuals. In a very active population the VO2max estimate and measured grip strength did increase lifestyle activity and resistance training. Wider adoption of these measures could be effective in promoting physical activity and resistance training.Trial Registration Numberclinicaltrials.gov NCT03518931 Registered 05/08/2018 -retrospectively registered https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03518931&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=
Bioactive Glass Synthesized by the Acid-free Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Tuan Ta Anh , Guseva Elena V. , Tien Nguyen Anh , Long Nguyen Viet , Phuc Le Hong , Hien Nguyen Quan , Hiep Dang Tan , Vi Vo Thuy , Hoa Bui Thi , Ha Bui Manh , Vuongi Bui Xuan
Published: January 2021

Ternary bioactive glass 58SiO2-33CaO-9P2O5 (wt.%) was elaborated by the acid-free hydrothermal method. Thermal behavior, textural property, phase composition, morphology, and ionic exchange were investigated by thermal analysis, N2 adsorption/desorption, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and ICP-OES analysis. The bioactivity and biocompatibility of synthetic bioactive glass were evaluated by in vitro experiments with SBF solution and cell culture medium. The obtained results confirmed that the acid-free hydrothermal process is one of the standard methods for preparing bioactive glass.