bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
« Pompeya y más allá la inundación » : los espacios de la catástrofe y de la anticipación regresiva en la literatura argentina
Authors: García-Romeu José
Published: January 2020

Los relatos incluidos en Las repúblicas (1991) de Angélica Gorodischer y la novela La ciudad ausente (1992) de Ricardo Piglia participan en plasmar un género que alcanzará luego, en estas dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI, una notable prevalencia en la narrativa argentina. Llamamos ese género « anticipación regresiva », ya que imagina la disolución caótica y la reversión bárbara del espacio nacional en un futuro más o menos cercano. Después de enumerar algunas obras que lo constituyen y de describir las condiciones históricas de su aparición, analizaremos un cuento de Las repúblicas antes de interesarnos, como modelo de una actualización posterior del paradigma, por la novela Frío (2011) de Rafael Pinedo.
« Thar she blows ! » : imaginaire de la fin et quête de la nouvelle Jérusalem dans Le Soleil des gouffres de Louis Hamelin
Authors: Laporte David
Published: January 2020

Depuis les premiers explorateurs, l’Amérique a été conçue comme une terre d’asile qui permettrait à l’homme de trouver refuge contre une civilisation européenne jugée dégénérée. Bien des auteurs ont repris à leur compte cet imaginaire disruptif, en l’associant bientôt aux potentialités rénovatrices de la grand-route : de On the road (Kerouac) à Easy Rider (Hopper) en passant par Americana (DeLillo), une même volonté de fuir les ruines fumantes de l’Histoire anime les personnages. Cet article aborde la façon dont Le soleil des gouffres, roman de la route du Québécois Louis Hamelin, retravaille certains des mythes générateurs de représentations de l’Amérique. Il montre, par une analyse des espaces notamment, comment l’écrivain réinscrit au sein de son récit cette tension fondatrice d’un imaginaire continental disputé entre images apocalyptiques, visions affolantes de fin du monde, et quête de (re)commencements quelque part dans un « nouveau » Nouveau Monde.
L’espace lisse : la représentation du désert dans Point Oméga de Don DeLillo
Authors: Esposito Manuel
Published: January 2020

Point Oméga est le troisième roman écrit par de Don DeLillo après le 11 septembre. Après avoir représenté les attentats dans L’homme qui tombe, DeLillo se concentre sur la seconde guerre du Golfe. Nous verrons que son roman met en place – par un décentrement – une représentation indirecte de la guerre : en effet, dans Point Oméga, le désert, l’un des espaces américains par excellence, apparaît comme une virtualisation de la guerre qui a lieu en Irak. Nous utiliserons les concepts d’espace lisse et d’espace strié forgés par Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari dans Mille plateaux pour analyser la représentation de l’espace dans le roman de DeLillo.
Baudelaire en Chine (1920-1937) : premières traductions, premières exégèses
Authors: Zhen Yang
Published: January 2020

La Chine des années 1920 et 1930 est marquée par un esprit de révolution consistant à déconstruire les valeurs confucéennes traditionnelles au profit des courants intellectuels modernes. C’est dans ce contexte que nous observons la parution de nombreux articles critiques et traductions en chinois consacrés à Baudelaire. Nous nous attachons ici à montrer les manières selon lesquelles les critiques et traducteurs chinois construisent différentes images de Baudelaire, images qui renvoient à divers courants d’idées ayant influencé la Chine d’alors : lutte contre l’utilitarisme, recherche de la liberté, éloge de l’art pour l’art, marxisme, conservatisme en matière de langue littéraire ou recherche de nouveautés dans la poésie. Afin de mettre en lumière la subjectivité dans la construction de ces images chinoises de Baudelaire, une attention particulière est accordée à la réécriture des textes d’origine, dans la critique comme dans la traduction.
Une archive audiovisuelle de la création littéraire : les Ateliers d’écriture de Pascale Bouhénic
Authors: Follonier Selina
Published: January 2020

Si les entretiens d’écrivains semblent, le plus souvent, n’offrir à l’investigation critique que des informations contextuelles de type biographique, historique ou sociologique, les entretiens filmés de la série L’Atelier d’écriture, focalisés exclusivement sur les processus d’écriture, dérogent à la règle. Faisant état d’une visée analytique en partie analogue à celle d’une enquête génétique, ils invitent à s’interroger sur leurs potentialités heuristiques dans la perspective de l’élaboration d’un savoir critique sur la genèse des textes. Comment envisager, d’un point de vue théorique, les informations qu’ils contiennent, compte tenu de la complexité du dispositif énonciatif qui les sous-tend et de l’ambivalence de leur statut, entre métadiscours et œuvre autonome ? Comment se rapportent-ils à d’autres formes de documentation du travail d’écriture ? Comment concevoir l’articulation des fonctions documentaire, patrimoniale et esthétique dont ils sont investis ? Cet article tentera d’élucider ces enjeux, tout en ouvrant à un questionnement plus large sur les relations entre audiovisuel et génétique littéraire.
Integration and Enhancement of Load Frequency Control Design for Diverse Sources Power System via DFIG Based Wind Power Generation and Interonnected via Parallel HVDC/EHVAC Tie-Lines
Authors: Sharma Gulshan , Narayanan K. , Davidson I.E. , Akindeji K.T.
Published: January 2020

The present paper discusses the integration as well as contribution of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines in load frequency control (LFC) of the modern electric power system in order to supply the quality as well as pollution free electric power to the modern customers. In addition the control areas are connected via HVDC tie-line in parallel with EHVAC line with diverse sources i.e. hydro, thermal and gas based power generations in each area. Efforts have been made to propose an optimal LFC design based on the feedback of few state variables which are available for the measurement and contains good information of the complete power system. The LFC design based on few states are implemented and the obtained results are presented to show the LFC enhancement considering DFIG and parallel HVDC/EHVAC lines. Atlast, the beauty and effectiveness of LFC based on few states are compared with LFC design depends on all system states under similar working conditions and the application results are presented.
Pressure Leaching of Chalcopyrite Concentrate: Iron Removal from Leaching Residues
Authors: Kritskii Aleksei , Karimov Kirill , Naboichenko Stanislav
Published: January 2020

Autoclave oxidative leaching is one of the most promising hydrometallurgical approaches for copper suplhide materials processing. In previous studies [2–4], the possibility of an efficient autoclave treatment of chalcopyrite concentrate was confirmed. The concentrate has the following chemical composition, %: 21.5 Cu, 0.1 Zn, 26.5 S, 24.5 Fe, 0.05 Pb, 0.04 Ni, 16.2 SiO2 [1]. At high temperature conditions (190–200 °C; 4–6 bar) in sulfuric-acid media during 100–120 min about 98% Cu was extracted. A leaching residue after POX (POX-cake) contained the following compounds, %: 55 Fe2O3, 40 SiO2, 4 MeS2/MeS. Current paper presents the results on purification of POX-cakes from iron by autoclave treatment. Futher ways for by-products (SiO2-cake and FeSO4-solution) processing are sugested.
Influence of Gypsum Binder Phase Composition on Operational and Mechanical Properties of the Hydration Product
Authors: Edamenko Alyona S. , Matveeva Larisa Yu. , Yastrebinskaya Anna V.
Published: January 2020

The properties of various thermal modifications and forms of calcium sulfate and the conditions of their mutual transition are studied. It is established that the mode of heat treatment of gypsum raw materials affects significantly the nature of the subsequent hydration of the gypsum binder. It is established that the values of pH and pCa suspensions of gypsum binders depend on the temperature of heat treatment of natural gypsum, vary over time and characterize the processes occurring during hydration and hardening of gypsum binders. The values of pH and pCa suspensions of gypsum binders can serve as design criteria for innovative multiphase gypsum binders.
Analysis of Fatigue Damage Accumulation in Structural Materials under Quasi-Random Load
Authors: Mironov Vladimir I. , Ogorelkov Dmitry A. , Lukashuk Olga A.
Published: January 2020

The spectrum of stresses at a hazardous point on bearing metal structures of mining, road-building and transporting machines, as a rule, is random by nature. Objective complexity of the fatigue process and variety of fatigue crack nucleation mechanisms are the main causes of errors in prediction of their lifespan, along with an experimentally untestable hypothesis of linear summation of damages. The method of complete stress-strain diagrams uses a representative parameter of the fatigue process, selected in accordance with the results of testing, carried out on trained thin specimens of a specific material. The summation of fatigue damages is based on experimental kinematic curves, whose intersection with a load vector is used as a criterion of fatigue failure. It is shown that the approach proposed to calculate the lifespan gives certain advantages, as far as individual properties of the material are concerned, and when it comes to describing the kinetics of the fatigue process and determining the limiting state of the material in a structure.
Peculiarities of Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Moistened Mediums at High Thermal Loads
Authors: Kuzevanov V.S. , Zakozhurnikova Galina S. , Zakozhurnikov S.S.
Published: January 2020

The process of silicon carbide producing (SiC) in a resistance furnace is accompanied by moisture movement in the batch. An important consideration is the accounting of moisture transfer in the preparation of the mathematical description of the process. The aim of the article is to improve the existing model of heat and mass transfer in SiC production.
Thermal Stability of Nano-Crystalline Nickel Electrodeposited into Porous Alumina
Authors: Tishkevich D.I. , Vorobjova A.I. , Trukhanov Alex V.
Published: January 2020

Through-pores alumina membranes of 50 μm thickness and 70 × 70 mm size have been fabricated to deposit Ni nanowires by electrochemical processing. Due to highly ordered microstructure of the membranes, the pores were filled by nanowires almost to 100%. The membrane nanowires composite morphology, structure and thermodynamic characteristics have been studied by scanning electron microscopy, atomic-force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis. The thermal stability of Ni nanowires into porous alumina template and whole composite was determined.
Formation of Bead Shape, Structure and Mechanical Properties of Cold-Resistant High-Strength Steel Produced by Direct Laser Deposition Method
Authors: Zadykyan G.G. , Korsmik R.S. , Mendagaliev R.V. , Turichin Gleb A.
Published: January 2020

The technology of direct laser deposition is the most promising for use in various industries. One of the most interesting industries for using this technology is shipbuilding. Due to its unique properties, cold-resistant steels are widely used in shipbuilding for brackets of mushroom propellers, stems, and also structures for work on the Arctic shelf. In this paper, the studies of the influence of technological parameters on the formation of the geometry and properties of products are represented. The technological parameters of the process of direct laser deposition parts from steel 0909CrNi2MoCu are determined.
Theoretical Investigation of the Bending Process of the Pre-Strained Metal Sheet
Authors: Tipalin Sergey A. , Petrov Michael A. , Morgunov Yuriy A.
Published: January 2020

During the bending operation of the thin sheet materials by the punch with the near-to-zero radius the special technological operation should be carried out. It means that the metal sheet obtained a certain thinning value, which is usually done in the form of the channel-concentrator or groove by pre-drawing operation in a cold state. It follows to the pre-straining and strengthening of the material. The authors investigated the strain hardened sheet's area after roll forming process theoretically, and obtained the strain-stress distribution inside the sheet during the bending operation. It was found out that the increase of the prior deformation during pre-straining in the bend layer follows to the increase of the radial and tangential stresses and displacement of the neutral axis inside the blank during bending operation. As a result, the bending moment changes its values depends on the punch radius and strain hardening.
Increase of Weld Joint Efficiency of the Combined Band of a High-Speed Rotor of an Electric Machine by Local Strengthening
Authors: Terentyev Egor V. , Marchenkov Artem Yu. , Sliva Andrey P.
Published: January 2020

The research shows the possibility of increasing the structural strength of the weld joints of EP517 steel and 36NKhTYu iron-nickel alloy as applied to the combined bandage of the high-speed rotor of an electric machine, due to the effect of local strengthening of the soft interlayer. The technology of electron-beam welding of 36NKhTYu alloy to EP517 steel with free root formation, which allows to obtain narrow welds, is described. The results of metallographic researches and mechanical tests of weld joints with different weld widths are presented, which showed that the structure and properties of the weld metal on samples with different weld widths are almost identical. The tension test results of weld joints demonstrate a significantly greater ultimate tensile stress, compared to the ultimate tensile stress of the weld metal. Also, it was established that, due to the local strengthening phenomena the smaller the weld width, the stronger the welded joint is. In addition, the use of heat treatment after welding allows us to increase the strength properties of the weld metal and the heat-affected zone of the 36NKhTYu alloy, due to the formation of the hardening γ’-phase. The possibility of increasing the ultimate tensile strength of the weld up to 98% of the ultimate tensile stress value of EP517 steel (as the less durable of both welded materials), due to heat treatment and reducing the weld width, is demonstrated.
Influence of Thermomagnetic Treatment on the Damping Properties and Structure of Iron-Based Alloys
Authors: Scvortsov A.I. , Melchakov M.A. , Scvortsov A.A.
Published: January 2020

The paper describes the influence of thermomagnetic treatment on the parameters of the amplitude dependence of internal friction, the crystal and magneto-crystalline structure of Fe alloys with ferrite structure: Fe – 8%Cr, Fe – 16%Cr, Fe – 19%Cr, Fe – 4%Cr – 2%V, Fe – 3%Cr – 3%Al, and Fe–1.2%C–2% Si–2%Al graphitic steel with graphite and ferrite structure. The thermomagnetic treatment was carried out at a temperature of 450ºС. The structure was studied by means of metallography, X-ray crystal structure analysis, ferromagnetic resonance, and nuclear gamma resonance spectroscopy. It is shown that, the larger the ferrite grain in alloys with ferrite structure is, the greater an increase in internal friction is, in the amplitude range up to approximately the amplitude of its maximum owing to thermomagnetic treatment. The change of the damping properties of graphitic steel caused by thermomagnetic treatment is relatively small, due to a large number of diamagnetic inclusions of graphite and quite fine-grained ferrite matrix. The results of the X-ray crystal structure analysis, the ferromagnetic resonance and nuclear gamma resonance spectroscopy have shown that, in the case of thermomagnetic treatment, diffusion redistribution of atoms of alloying elements, combined with the change of structural anisotropy, takes place in Fe-Cr alloys.
Effect of Friction on Compression Test of Ti-6Al-4V with Open-Cellular Structure
Authors: Loginov Yu.N. , Golodnov Anton I. , Stepanov Stepan I.
Published: January 2020

The compression test data are represented for a cellular Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, manufactured using laser powder bed fusion on EOSINT 280. The inhomogeneity of deformation was revealed in the form of a barrel of the side surfaces during the test. The problem was simulated by the finite element method for two formulations: the compression of cellular material with friction and without friction. A comparison of the stress-strain state of the two cases was made. The same inhomogeneity of deformation is achieved, both in the experiment and in the analytical solution.
Plastic Twisting of Erect Metal Roller
Authors: Shinkin Vladimir N.
Published: January 2020

The twisting of an erect round metal roller (beam, roll) has a place in many metallurgical processes. For example, in the rolls of a wide-band mill at rolling of metal slab, in the leading rolls of flattening machines, in the asymmetric three-roll machines at bending of metal sheet, and so on. Under the large external torques in an erect metal roll, the plastic deformations can occur, which lead to the large residual stresses after an unloading of round roll. These residual stresses can bend the axis of the roll or cause it to a collapse under the subsequent loads. To estimate the value of residual stresses, it is necessary to know the spring-back factor of roll at a twisting. In this article, we have obtained the spring-back factor of the erect roll under a twisting.
Receiving Composite Sorbents for Sewage Treatment on the Basis of Waste of Production and Processing of Micaceous Quartzite
Authors: Salmanova Elina R. , Nazarov Alexey M. , Tuktarova Iren O.
Published: January 2020

The results of a research of a way of receiving a composite sorbent with the use of waste of production and processing of the micaceous quartzites (MQ) and montmorillonite clays (MC) are given in this work. The structure of composite sorbents was caused by aspiration as much as possible, to use positive properties of all components entering composition: their high sorption, knitting and plasticizing properties. Similar approach to a combination of components gives, as a result, a synergetic effect, allows to receive the highly effective and, at the same time, inexpensive, rather universal materials having high sorption properties. The sorption activity is investigated, the efficiency of natural and composite sorbents is defined, the increase in sorption activity, depending on structure of composition and temperature of preliminary preparation of a sorbent, is proved. Application of the offered composite sorbents will allow to solve in a complex the existing ecological problems: to carry out effective purification of industrial sewage, first of all, machine-building enterprises from ions of heavy metals, and to utilize waste of production and processing of micaceous quartz.
Influence of Powder Layer Thickness on Microstructure of Selective Laser Melted TiAl6V4
Authors: Lykov P.A. , Radionova L.V. , Shults A.O.
Published: January 2020

The 3D printed cubic bulk specimens (10x10x10 mm) were fabricated by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) additive manufacturing (AM) technology from TiAl6V4 powder, using different layer thickness (from 40 to 60 μm), for investigation of the influence of layer thickness on microstructure of SLM-fabricated TiAl6V4.
Improving the Fungus Resistance of Polymer Composites
Authors: Yastrebinskaya Anna V. , Matveeva Larisa Yu. , Edamenko Alyona S.
Published: January 2020

The problem under consideration is the fungus resistance of polymeric construction composites and their components: epoxy and polyester binders, as well as mineral waste in the form of dust from electric precipitators and metallurgical slag. It has been found that epoxy and polyester binders in unfilled and fully hardened state are not fungus resistant. But polymer composites completely filled both with mineral waste and mentioned above binders proved to be fungus resistant. It has been confirmed that the fungus resistance of polymer composites is determined both by the type of the binder and the type of the filler. To increase the fungus resistance of epoxy and polyester composites, the use of microadditives of tetraethoxysilane and Irganox 1010 has been proposed. It has been established that the addition of tetraethoxysilane and Irganox 1010 promotes the increase in fungus resistance of epoxy and polyester composites.
Appication of the Complete Material Balance Method to Estimate the Transition of Elements in Flux Cored Arc Welding
Authors: Shalimov Michael P. , Votinova E.B.
Published: January 2020

The paper addresses mathematical models of element transition into overlaying metal and weld metal in different methods of arc welding: stir welding, welding taking account the transition coefficients, empirical, kinetic, and thermodynamic welding. Their comparative analysis is made, their advantages, disadvantages, as well as various applications, are demonstrated. The approach to creation of mathematical models of manual arc welding with coated electrodes and flux cored wire, based on the method of complete material balance, is grounded.
The Effect of Radial-Shear Rolling on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Technical Titanium
Authors: Naizabekov A. B. , Lezhnev Sergey N. , Arbuz Alexandr S.
Published: January 2020

Improving the quality of hardware through the improvement of the microstructure is one of the main trends of modern metallurgy. This approach allows us to achieve special properties without the expense of expensive alloying additives. The basic idea is to grind the grain structure of the material to a size less than 1 μm. At the specified grain sizes, the hardening properties begin to manifest with a relatively small loss of plasticity. In this case, one can speak of ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials. This direction is especially important for areas of science and technology, where there are very strict requirements for the size and weight of parts with their high strength. These are aerospace engineering and medicine (implantology and orthopedics). Therefore, it makes sense to conduct research primarily on relevant materials. Titanium is known for its biological inertness, therefore it is the basis for prosthetics. In this work, the experiments on technically pure titanium using a technology close to industrial implementation, were performed. An experiment, in which a lengthy number billet at a temperature of 500 °C rolled from a diameter of 30 mm to a diameter of 15 mm in the mill SVP-08, was conducted. After that, the billet was cooled with water, and samples for studying the microstructure and samples for studying the mechanical properties, were prepared. Analysis of the microstructure showed the presence of an equiaxial ultrafine-grained structure in the peripheral areas of the work-piece and the presence of an elongated fibrous texture in the axial zone. The strength of the work-piece has increased by more than 1.5 times, while the plasticity has decreased not so much.
The Role of the Primary Structure in the Formation of the Mechanical Properties of Steel Castings
Authors: Gabelchenko Natalya , Belov Artem , Savchenko Alena
Published: January 2020

The paper considers the total effect of primary structure parameters on steel mechanical properties depending on the wall thickness of castings. It is shown that during the formation of mechanical properties with an increase in the thickness of the work-piece, the role of the sizes of primary grains decreases and the role of reducing the dispersion of dendritic crystals increases, due to the process of dendritic branches coarsening.
Conceptual Approach to Development, Structure Formation and Hardening Micro-Alloyed by Steels for the Metallurgical Tool
Authors: Krylova Svetlana E. , Gladkovsky Sergei , Romashkov E.V.
Published: January 2020

The scientific bases for the development of rational compositions and methods for hardening a large-sized metallurgical tool from micro-alloyed steels are stated. Based on the generalization of the experimental data, the regularities of phase and structural transformations at various stages of the technological cycle are revealed; the relationships between structural parameters, chemical composition and mechanical properties have been studied and described.
Arc Steel Furnace Operation at Changing Working Space Aerodynamic Flows
Authors: Voronov German V. , Glukhov Il'ya V. , Plesakin Il'ya V.
Published: January 2020

Results of the design analysis carried out using computer software are presented for boundary data complying with the currently operating state-of-the-art arc steel furnace. Flow of natural gas combustion products and oxygen are reviewed for the radial and tangential burner arrangement in the working space between the wall and the electrodes. Location of high temperature fields is determined and the expected heat transfer to the charge materials through the active surface participating in heat exchange is evaluated. Precipitation degree is determined for the dust participating in scull generation on a wall water-cooled surface and significant reduction of dust effect on electrodes.
Thin Sheet Forming with 3D Printed Plastic Tool
Authors: Aksenov L.B. , Kononov I.Y.
Published: January 2020

The prospects of 3D printed plastic tooling in the processing of metal forming are shown. The study of the process of thin sheet, forming of aluminum 3003 ANSI, established that in this process the destruction and plastic deformation of the plastic tool does not occur. Lubrication of plastic matrices and punches were not required, as they have anti-friction properties. Computer simulation of this process in the software system "Simufact.forming" accurately reflects the force parameters, stress-state of plastic tool and the actual course of the process of forming the blank, including the spring-back of the part after forming. Technology of sheet forming with plastic tool can be recommended for single and small batch production.
Staged Local Dissolution of Stainless Steel in Chloride Solutions
Authors: Vinogradova Svetlana S. , Pleshkova Ye.V.
Published: January 2020

The paper defines galvanostatic polarization parameters (current density and test duration) to simulate self-dissolution conditions; the results are confirmed by potentiostatic tests. It is shown that under the conditions of self-dissolution simulation, increasing the solution concentration reduces the nucleation rate, while prolonging the pitting development time. Spectral analysis of chronopotentiograpms reveals low-frequency potential fluctuations that characterize the nucleation and passivation of pits at the onset of pitting corrosion. The paper describes the basic regularities observed in the alteration of surface electrochemistry by impedance spectroscopy; such alteration corresponds to the transition from the passive area to the pitting area. The researchers propose optimal electric equivalent circuits to reflect the surface conditions in early nucleation of pits. The paper also proposes an additional pitting resistance criterion, that is, cumulative electric-charge density.
Corrosion Resistance of MAO Coatings on Al-Si Alloys
Authors: Dudareva N.Yu. , Ustimova E.I. , Gallyamova Rida
Published: January 2020

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the influence of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) on the parameters and the corrosion resistance of MAO-treated surfaces on a high-silicon aluminum alloy, M244 (Si ~ 25 %). The article describes the study methodology, comprising forming a coating on the surface of laboratory samples by means of MAO at different process modes and the study of their parameters, properties, and corrosion resistance. The experiments were conducted in accordance with the 23 full factorial experiment design theory. The MAO process was carried out using a silicate-alkaline electrolyte. MAO factors were as follows: the concentration of the electrolyte components (potassium hydroxide – KOH and liquid glass – Na2SiO3) and electrical parameters of the process, determined by the capacitor capacitance of the processing unit. The samples were tested to define thickness, porosity and micro-hardness of the MAO layer. Being corroded in a corrosive solution for 144 hours, their corrosion resistance was estimated by a mass corrosion rate. The data obtained made it possible to form mathematical models, based on the dependence of corrosion resistance, thickness, porosity and micro-hardness on the process factors. A verification of the obtained models was carried out to determine adequacy and their analysis. Conclusions on the extent of the MAO effect on the corrosion resistance of the samples were drawn. MAO modes were stated to have a significant impact on the corrosion resistance of the samples. MAO should be carried out using low electrolyte concentrations and a low-capacity processing unit for improved corrosion-protective properties of the coating on the M244 (Mahle) aluminum alloy. It is necessary to increase the concentration of the electrolyte components and the processing unit capacity, to obtain a thicker coating with low micro-hardness and porosity.
Main Directions of the Electrochemical Chrome Plating Process Intensification
Authors: Gruba Oksana N. , Ardashev Dmitry V. , Chernobrovin Victor P.
Published: January 2020

One of the main problems common to all areas of technology is to increase the reliability and durability of machines, devices, and mechanisms. This problem can be solved by applying wear-resistant coatings and chromium-based alloys. The method of electrochemical chrome plating has a number of significant drawbacks: low current efficiency of chromium; the lowest dispersing capacity among galvanic processes; high energy intensity; the presence of high internal stress chrome plating; hydrogenation of chromium sediments and base alloy. Therefore, at present, a large number of works are being carried out aimed at intensifying the processes of chromium plating. This work is aimed at exploring the possibilities of optimizing the process of chrome plating by changing the composition of the electrolyte. Classification of currently used electrolytes of chromium plating was carried out according to the following parameters: electrolyte composition, process conditions, cathode output by current and quality of the coatings obtained. On the basis of experimental studies conducted by the authors, the possibility of intensifying the process of electrolytic chromium plating from aqueous solutions, due to a change in the composition of the electrolyte, is shown. The effect of a number of anions (SO2-4, SiF2-6,Cl-,F-, NH2SO-3, PO3-4, IO3-3, I2O4-7) on the quality of sediments and current efficiency is studied. The ways to improve the most popular universal electrolytes are proposed.
Quartzitic Waste, as the Possible Component of the Cement Flooring Composite Material
Authors: Gerasimova Ekaterina S. , Kamalova N.Yu.
Published: January 2020

This paper is devoted to research of utilization possibility of tailings of quartzite enrichment. It is shown that quartzitic waste of JSC "Dinur" (Pervouralsk city, Russia) is suitable for obtaining the cement flooring composite material. It was found that the quartzitic waste can be recommended as a fine aggregate and/or filler after additional screening. With the introduction of quartzitic dust in the amount of 30 % by weight of cement and with quartzitic waste as a fine aggregate it is possible to obtain the composite material of the class not less B12.5 (compressive) and Вtb 5.2 (flexural), which also meet the requirements of the Russian standard, namely abradability, adhesion strength, etc.
Multifractal Analysis of Microstructures after Laser Treatment of Steels
Authors: Kim Vladimir A. , Mokritskii Boris Ya. , Morozova A.V.
Published: January 2020

The superficial microstructure, received by laser processing, is characterized by a high density of defects of a crystal structure and incompleteness of thermal phase and structural transformations. The degree of a neravnovesnost of such a structure can be estimated by means of multifractal ranges. As a measure for calculation of multifractals, it is possible to use any quantitative structural index, in particular, the area of microstructural objects, their perimeter and density of borders. The most informative is density of borders, which considers the area and perimeter of structural object. Microstructures of stainless steel 12kh18n10t in an initial state, after laser processing and a local laser alloying by hard-alloy powder from BK8 were investigated. Calculations of complex indicators of the structural organization of material, which showed, are executed on the basis of the multifratalnykh of ranges, that laser processing leads to, increase of orderliness and frequency. It indicates high degree of a neravnovesnost with which increase hardening increases.
Study of Metal Surface with Color Image Obtained with Laser Marking
Authors: Naumova M.G. , Morozova I.G. , Borisov P.V.
Published: January 2020

Study of microstructure and topology of metal surface and chemical and phase composition of oxidation films, obtained on the metal surfaces of stainless steel by color laser marking.
Effect of body mass and physical activity at younger age on the risk of prostatic enlargement and erectile dysfunction: Results from the 2018 #Controllati survey
Authors: Parazzini Fabio , Artibani Walter , Carrieri Giuseppe , Carmignani Luca , Voce Salvatore
Published: January 2020

Objective: Overweight and low physical activity (PA) increase the risk of prostatic enlargement and erectile dysfunction (ED). Less clear is the role of these factors at young age on the lifelong risk. Materials and methods: During June 2018 the Italian Society of Urologists organized the month of Male Urologic Prevention “#Controllati”. Men aged 18 years or more were invited to attend urologic centers for a visit and counselling about urologic/ andrologic conditions. Each participating man underwent a physical examination and was asked about urologic symptoms, sexual activity and possible related problems. Results: We analyzed data from 2786 men, aged 55.1 years (SD 10.9, range 19-97). A total of 710 (25.5%) subjects had a diagnosis of prostatic enlargement and 632 (22.7%) of DE. Overweight/obese men were at increased risk of prostatic enlargement and ED with corresponding odds ratio (0R) in comparison with normal or underweight men, being respectively 1.18 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.00-1.44) and 1.69 (95% CI 1.39-2.05). The OR of prostatic enlargement in comparison with men reporting at age 25 a BMI < 25.0 was 1.22 (95% CI 1.01-1.51) for men with a BMI at 25 years of age ≥ 25; the corresponding OR value for ED was 1.17 (0.92- 1.48). Considering total PA at diagnosis, the OR of prostatic enlargement in comparison with no or low PA, was 0.69 (95%CI 0.55-0.86) for men reporting moderate PA and 0.75 (95%CI 0.58-0.98) for those reporting intense PA. When we considered PA at 25 years of age, the OR of subsequent diagnosis of prostatic enlargement, in comparison with men reporting no/low PA at 25 years of age was 0.81 (95%CI 0.63-1.04) for men reporting moderate PA and 0.70 (95%CI 0.52-0.99) for those reporting intense PA. Conclusions: These findings underline the utility of encouraging healthy lifestyle habits among young men in order to reduce the subsequent risk of prostatic enlargement and ED.
Asthma in pregnancy – from immunology to clinical management
Authors: Tamási Lilla , Bohács Anikó , Horváth Ildikó , Losonczy György
Published: January 2020

Asthma is one of the most common chronic medical conditions that may complicate pregnancy. Asthma influences the outcome of pregnancy and, vice versa, pregnancy affects asthma severity, but the underlying immunological mechanisms of this interaction are not fully understood. As a sign of pregnancy-induced immunotolerance, attenuation of allergic responses can be detected in controlled asthmatic pregnant patients; however non controlled asthmatic pregnant women show significant asthma-associated immune reactions that may, beside other factors, influence fetal growth. Generally, although uncontrolled asthma may increase the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, women with well-controlled and adequately treated disease during pregnancy do not develop maternal or fetal complications.
Pulmonary hypertension diagnosed by echocardiography during idiopathic myelofibrosis
Authors: Perrone Claudio , Cartolari Roberto , Lupi Beatrice , Morelli Sergio
Published: January 2020

Idiopathic myelofibrosis is a rare chronic myeloproliferative disease leading to extramedullary hematopoiesis (myeloid metaplasia) with splenomegaly. The liver and less frequently other organs including the lung can be involved, therefore portal hypertension is relatively common. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is only occasionally reported, although recent studies have suggested an association between PH and myeloproliferative disorders. We present a case of PH diagnosis by echocardiography in a patient affected by idiopathic myelofibrosis with portal hypertension.
Outpatient vs. home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mendes de Oliveira Julio C. , Studart Leitão Filho Fernando S. , Malosa Sampaio Luciana M. , Negrinho de Oliveira Ana C. , Pastrello Hirata Raquel , Costa Dirceu , Donner Claudio F. , De Oliveira Luis V.F.
Published: January 2020

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality affecting a large number of individuals in both developed and developing countries and it represents a significant financial burden for patients, families and society. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a multidisciplinary program that integrates components of exercise training, education, nutritional support, psychologi- cal support and self-care, resulting in an improvement in dyspnea, fatigue and quality of life. Despite its proven effectiveness and the strong scientific recommendations for its rou- tine use in the care of COPD, PR is generally underutilized and strategies for increasing access to PR are needed. Home- based self-monitored pulmonary rehabilitation is an alternative to outpatient rehabilitation. In the present study, patients with mild, moderate and severe COPD submitted to either an outpatient or at-home PR program for 12 weeks were analyzed.

Methods: Patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomized into three distinct groups: an outpatient group who performed all activities at the clinic, a home-based group who performed the activities at home and a control group. PR consisted of a combination of aerobic exercises and strength- ening of upper and lower limbs 3 times a week for 12 weeks.

Results: There was a significant difference in the distance cov- ered on the six-minute walk test (p < 0.05) and BODE index (p < 0.001) in the outpatient and at-home groups after partici- pating in the rehabilitation program compared to baseline.

Conclusion: A home-based self-monitoring pulmonary reha- bilitation program is as effective as outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation and is a valid alternative for the management of patients with COPD.
In search of markers of treatment failure and poor prognosis in IPAH – the value of mosaic lung attenuation pattern on thin-section CT scans
Authors: Szturmowicz Monika , Kacprzak Aneta , Burakowska Barbara , Kurzyna Marcin , Fijałkowska Anna , Bestry Iwona , Torbicki Adam
Published: January 2020

Despite the development of specific therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) some patients fail to respond to such treatment. One of the potential reasons for the unresponsiveness to targeted therapies may be the presence of fibrous occlusion of small pulmonary veins that accompanies pre-capillary arteriopathy. This type of pathologic change is called pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD). Underdiagnosed PVOD occurs probably in 5-10% of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPAH) and in a substantial proportion of PAH related to connective tissue diseases (mainly in scleroderma). A definite diagnosis of PVOD requires histologi- cal examination of lung sample, but surgical lung biopsy in pulmonary hypertension is combined with high risk of bleeding. Thus major interest is focused on a non-invasive diagnostic approach enabling early recognition of PVOD and referral for lung transplantation. The present review is focused on the radiological features suggestive of PVOD-like vasculopathy in PAH.
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia after radiotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: Fumagalli Giorgio , Sanguinetti Claudio M.
Published: January 2020

We report a case of fever, dyspnea, respiratory failure and migratory, recurrent and bilateral lung opacities 4 months after radiotherapy and hormone therapy following surgery for breast cancer. Computerized tomography (CT) scans showed infiltrates outside the radiation fields. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed lymphocytic alveolitis, whereas laboratory analysis demonstrated a mild systemic inflammation. Systemic steroids resulted in clinical and radiological improvement, but a disease relapse was evident at withdrawal of therapy, with definitive clinical and radiological normalization after a second cycle of therapy. This is a case of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) (previously known as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia) primed by radiotherapy, as in previously reported cases. It is extremely important to be aware of the possibility of this complication, in order to optimize radiation and hormone treatment of breast cancer.
Research at the Point of Care: Using Electronic Medical Record Systems to Generate Clinically Meaningful Evidence
Authors: Marshall Ashley N. , Lam Kenneth C.
Published: January 2020

Context

Health care leaders have recommended the use of health information technology to improve the quality of patient care. In athletic training, using informatics, such as electronic medical records (EMRs), would support practice-based decisions about patient care. However, athletic trainers (ATs) may lack the knowledge to effectively participate in point-of-care clinical research using EMRs.

Objectives

To discuss the role of EMRs in athletic training and identify methodologic approaches to conducting clinical research at the point of care.

Description

The 2020 Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education curricular content standards included the use of an electronic patient record to document care, mitigate error, and support decision making through the collection and use of patient data (Standard 64). Patient data are collected by ATs at the point of care via routine documentation, and these data can be used to answer clinical questions about their practice. Observational or descriptive study designs are ideal for this type of data. Observational research (ie, case-control, cross-sectional, cohort studies) evaluates factors that influence patients' lives in the “real world,” whereas descriptive research (ie, case study or series, descriptive epidemiology studies) identifies characteristics of individuals and groups. If ATs are comprehensively documenting patient care using an EMR, they have the means to participate in observational and descriptive research.

Clinical and Research Advantages

Using an EMR to its full capacity allows ATs to collect meaningful data at the point of care, conduct practice-based research, and improve health care for the patient and clinician. However, to ensure data quality, these approaches must include routine and comprehensive documentation habits.
Baseline Postural Control and Lower Extremity Injury Incidence Among Those With a History of Concussion
Authors: Murray Nicholas , Belson Emily , Szekely Brian , Islas Arthur , Cipriani Daniel , Lynall Robert C. , Buckley Thomas A. , Powell Douglas W. , Munkasy Barry
Published: January 2020

Context

Lower extremity musculoskeletal (LEMSK) injury may be more prevalent among those with a history of sport-related concussion (SRC).

Objective

To investigate the relationship between baseline postural control metrics and the LEMSK injury incidence in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I student-athletes with a history of SRC.

Setting

National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes.

Design

Cohort study.

Patients or Other Participants

Of 84 total athletes (62 males), 42 had been previously diagnosed with an SRC, and 42 were matched controls based on age, sex, height, weight, and sport.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

During the preseason baseline evaluation, all participants performed 3 trials of eyes-open and eyes-closed upright quiet stance on a force platform. Medical charts were assessed for all the LEMSK injuries that occurred from preseason baseline to 1 year later. Center-of-pressure data in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions were filtered before we calculated root mean square and mean excursion velocity; the complexity index was calculated from the unfiltered data. Factorial analysis-of-variance models were used to examine differences between groups and across conditions for root mean square; mean excursion velocity, complexity index, and tests of association to examine between-groups LEMSK differences; and logistic regression models to predict LEMSK.

Results

Concussion history and injury incidence were related in the SRC group (P = .043). The complexity index of the SRC group was lower with eyes closed (14.08 ± 0.63 versus 15.93 ± 0.52) and eyes open (10.25 ± 0.52 vs 11.80 ± 0.57) in the mediolateral direction than for the control participants (P < .05). Eyes-open root mean square in the mediolateral direction was greater for the SRC group (5.00 ± 0.28 mm) than the control group (4.10 ± 0.22 mm). Logistic regression models significantly predicted LEMSK only in control participants.

Conclusions

These findings may suggest that LEMSK after SRC cannot be predicted from postural-control metrics at baseline.
Riding for the disabled
Authors: Sampson Belinda
Published: January 2020

'n Kort oorsig van die geskiedenis en doelstellings word gegee. Terapeutiese effekte word genoem en die vryetydsontspanning word beklemtoon. Die ontwikkeling in Suid -Afrika word beskryf. Die voordele word opgesom en addresse in Suid-Afrika gegee.
Acupuncture: An investigation
Authors: Watts H. C.
Published: January 2020

A survey has been made of some of the vast quantity of literature currently available, and an attempt is made to explain acupuncture in terms of anatomy, physiology, embryology and psychology. Conditions for which it is claimed to be effective are discussed, and the possible adoption of its practice by physiotherapists is advanced. Areas where investigation and research to this end might profitably be undertaken are indicated.
Wintertime Temperature Variability over Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: A.K. Al-Khalaf A.K. Al-Khalaf
Published: January 2020

Mean wintertime temperature (December, January, February) recorded at 26 weather stations distributed across Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) were analyzed to reveal spatial and temporal patterns of long-term trends. The behavior of wintertime temperature since 1979 is examined with regard to the persistence, non-linear trends and inter-decadal variations. The coefficient of variability (COV) of winter temperature decreases gradually from north to south of KSA. The higher values of COV occur north and northeast of KSA. The higher values of winter COV over north and north east of KSA is due to the effect of the Traveling Mediterranean depressions and its interaction with the inverted-V shape trough of the Sudan low. Relationship between COV and latitudes is highly significant, while with longitudes is not significant. The Mann-Kendal statistical rank test illustrates that positive trends (warming) in winter temperature series occur over the all stations and the trends are significant at mid and southern region of the KSA. Recent warming has only occurred during the last two decades at most stations. While cooling in wintertime surface temperature appears for the short period of about 5 years, 1979-1983 and 1988-1993. These trends are in general consistence with trends in the global mean surface temperature.