bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi Component Reactions under Increased Pressure: On the Mechanism of Formation of Pyridazino[5,4,3-de][1,6]naphthyridine Derivatives from Reaction of Malononitrile, Aldehyde and 2-Oxoglyoxalarylhydrazones in Q-Tubes
Authors: AL-Johani Majdah A. , Al-Zaydi Khadijah M. , Mousally Sameera M. , Alqahtani Norah F. , Elnagdi Mohamed H.
Published: October 2017

The considerable biological and medicinal activities of pyridazines has stimulated considerable research on efficient syntheses of these derivatives. In the last decade, microwave irradiation has generally been used for the energy source. As demonstrated in recent studies, pressure reactor “Q-tubes” may be used to accelerate several of these reactions in a more optimal and safer manner (compared to microwaves). In these studies there has been postulated a pathway for the formation of pyridazino[5,4,3-de][1,6]naphthyridine derivatives . In this paper we consider this pathway, and an alternate pathway, for several reactions. Contrary to the suggestion in these studies the pathway in which initial dimerization of malononitrile was postulated could be excluded based on chemical evidence. The reactions performed were the reaction of arylhydrazonals 1a,b with benzylidinemalononitrile which afforded in Q-tube the 3-acyl-4-aryl-1-phenyl-6-amino-1,4-dihydropyridazines, and the reaction of arylhydrazonals 1a,b, malononitrile 9 and aromatic aldehydes 10a-g in Q-tubes which afforded the tricyclic systems 12a-n whose structure could be established by X-ray crystal structure determination. In conclusion, we have added to the work of the recent studies by excluding a reaction pathway for one of their reaction products.
Dynamics of the Bacterial Community Associated with Phaeodactylum tricornutum Cultures
Authors: Moejes Fiona Wanjiku , Popa Ovidiu , Succurro Antonella , Maguire Julie , Ebenhöh Oliver
Published: October 2017

The pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a model organism able to synthesize industrially-relevant molecules. Commercial-scale cultivation currently requires large monocultures, prone to bio-contamination. However, little is known about the identity of the invading organisms. To reduce the complexity of natural systems, we systematically investigated the microbiome of non-axenic P. tricornutum cultures from a culture collection in reproducible experiments. The results revealed a dynamic bacterial community that developed differently in “complete” and “minimal” media conditions. In complete media, we observed an accelerated “culture crash”, indicating a more stable culture in minimal media. The identification of only four bacterial families as major players within the microbiome suggests specific roles depending on environmental conditions. From our results we propose a network of putative interactions between P. tricornutum and these main bacterial factions. We demonstrate that, even with rather sparse data, a mathematical model can be reconstructed that qualitatively reproduces the observed population dynamics, thus indicating that our hypotheses regarding the molecular interactions are in agreement with experimental data. Whereas the model in its current state is only qualitative, we argue that it serves as a starting point to develop quantitative and predictive mathematical models, which may guide experimental efforts to synthetically construct and monitor stable communities required for robust upscaling strategies.
Gene Silencing of Argonaute5 Negatively Affects the Establishment of the Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis
Authors: Reyero-Saavedra Maria del Rocio , Qiao Zhenzhen , Sánchez-Correa María del Socorro , Díaz-Pineda M. Enrique , Reyes Jose L. , Covarrubias Alejandra A. , Libault Marc , Valdés-López Oswaldo
Published: October 2017

The establishment of the symbiosis between legumes and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia is finely regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional and posttranslational levels. Argonaute5 (AGO5), a protein involved in RNA silencing, is able to bind both viral RNAs and microRNAs to control plant-microbe interactions and plant physiology. For instance, AGO5 regulates the systemic resistance of Arabidopsis against Potato Virus X as well as the pigmentation of soybean (Glycine max) seeds. Here, we show that AGO5 is also playing a central role in legume nodulation based on its preferential expression in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soybean roots and nodules. We also report that the expression of AGO5 is induced after 1 hour of inoculation with rhizobia. Down-regulation of AGO5 gene in P. vulgaris and G. max causes diminished root hair curling, reduces nodule formation and interferes with the induction of three critical symbiotic genes: NUCLEAR FACTOR Y-B (NF-YB), NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) and FLOTILIN2 (FLOT2). Our findings provide evidence that the common bean and soybean AGO5 genes play an essential role in the establishment of the symbiosis with rhizobia in determinate legumes.
Easiness of Legal Access to Concealed Firearm Permits and Homicide Rates in the United States
Authors: Siegel Michael , Xuan Ziming , Ross Craig S. , Galea Sandro , Kalesan Bindu , Fleegler Eric , Goss Kristin A.
Published: October 2017

Objectives. To examine the relation of “shall-issue” laws, in which permits must be issued if requisite criteria are met; “may-issue” laws, which give law enforcement officials wide discretion over whether to issue concealed firearm carry permits or not; and homicide rates.

Methods. We compared homicide rates in shall-issue and may-issue states and total, firearm, nonfirearm, handgun, and long-gun homicide rates in all 50 states during the 25-year period of 1991 to 2015. We included year and state fixed effects and numerous state-level factors in the analysis.

Results. Shall-issue laws were significantly associated with 6.5% higher total homicide rates, 8.6% higher firearm homicide rates, and 10.6% higher handgun homicide rates, but were not significantly associated with long-gun or nonfirearm homicide.

Conclusions. Shall-issue laws are associated with significantly higher rates of total, firearm-related, and handgun-related homicide.
Bridging the Gaps Between Students’ Prior Knowledge and Skills in Writing and the Expected Thesis Outcomes
Authors: Mufanti Restu , Susilo Andi
Published: October 2017

This research aimed to seek the light on how the advisors made a use of feedback during supervisory panel and find out how different ways and types of feedback impacted on student-writers’ thesis outcomes. Qualitative study was applied by involving three tenured lecturers at College of Islamic Studies, in Java as the research subjects. Two data collection techniques were applied, such as interview and documentation, to trace evidence on what types of feedback used, how students noticed, and how they impacted on subsequent drafts. This study revealed that indirect feedback using error codes and commentary was the most frequent form used during the advisory session. However, the mere use of feedback could only serve a short-term impact on the development of writing, and even it seemed only to spoon-feed them which could create burdens in writing. It was quite evident that engaging them in such self-regulated and interdependence group works, through problem-solving discussion and peer review, was much worthier as compared to only ask them to process the feedback themselves.
Studi Numerik Optimasi Propeller Kapal Selam 29 meter Dengan Menggunakan High Skew
Authors: Kusuma Cahya , Ariana I Made
Published: October 2017

Indonesia is an archipelagic nation and most shallow water channel in Western Indonesia, making the concept of mini submarine use by the Navy to be the right choice. One of the most important engineering is to design a mini submarine propeller with a high level of optimization. This research method is based on the result of numerical simulation using Computer Fluid Dynamic (CFD) which use B-series as base with skew variation 36o, 45o, 54o. It is expected that the results of this research can provide solutions in the selection of efficient design propeller for mini submarine 29m. With the open water diagrams generated then obtained the greatest efficiency value on B4-522 with skew obtained at 45 ° skew angle. The optimum velocity value is at J = 0.07 at 8.9 knots with an efficiency value of 0.856.
Neonicotinoid Seed Treatments: Limitations and Compatibility with Integrated Pest Management
Authors: Tooker John F. , Douglas Margaret R. , Krupke Christian H.
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas

Recent educational offerings incompletely addressed neonicotinoid seed coatings.

These insecticidal coatings are common on corn, soybean, and other crop seeds.

Current use patterns violate core principles of integrated pest management.

We present an overview of these products, focusing on some key limitations.

Deploying neonicotinoids more judiciously will reduce their negative side effects.

Educational materials guiding the use of pesticides are often sponsored or co‐created by pesticide manufacturers, raising potential conflicts of interest. For example, early in 2017, two registrant‐sponsored webinars from the American Society of Agronomy addressed benefits of neonicotinoid seed coatings, which are routinely applied to seeds of many field crops. While these products can protect yield in certain situations, they also carry significant limitations; unfortunately, these presentations avoided such downsides. Here, we provide an overview of key limitations of neonicotinoid seed treatments (NST). First, we address Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and how current use of NST violates its key principles and ignores lessons learned. Second, we address inconsistent yield responses, resistance concerns, and nontarget effects. Third, we return to IPM to discuss how this proven framework can be used to more effectively guide and steward NST to avoid mounting reports of negative side effects.
Correlation of Field‐Moist, Oven‐Dry, and Air‐Dry Soil Potassium for Mid‐Atlantic USA Soybean
Authors: Williams Anna S. , Parvej Md. Rasel , Holshouser David L. , Frame William H. , Reiter Mark S.
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas

Soil K extracted by each processing method were similar and strongly correlated with relative yield.

Soil K from FM, AD, and OD soils were equally good in predicting yield response to fertilizer‐K.

Soil drying should not be an issue of concern in extracting soil K from soils in the US Mid‐Atlantic.

The extractable soil‐K concentration, used for fertilizer‐K recommendations, may be affected by soil drying. Although air or oven drying are the most common soil processing methods, K from field‐moist soil has been documented to be a better predictor of soil‐K availabilities and fertilizer‐K needs for soybean [Glycine max. (L.) Merr.] grown on fertile silt loam to clayey soils. We evaluated the effect of four soil processing methods (field‐moist [FM], air‐dry [AD], air‐dry followed by oven‐dry [ADOD], and oven‐dry [OD]) in predicting extractable soil‐K availability for soybean production on less fertile Mid‐Atlantic sandy‐textured soils. Twelve soybean field trials were conducted in 2014 on Coastal Plain and Piedmont soils in Virginia and North Carolina. Soil K was extracted by Mehlich‐1 with each soil processing method and correlated with soybean relative yield. Soil‐K concentrations from each method were statistically similar and strongly correlated (r2 = 0.94–0.98) with each other having intercept and slope coefficients that were not different from zero and one, respectively. Extractable soil‐K concentrations from each method were also strongly correlated with soybean relative yield and explained 93 to 95% of the relative yield variation for FM soil, 95 to 96% for AD soil, 83 to 86% for ADOD soil, and 94 to 95% for OD soil. Results suggest that soil‐K concentrations from FM, AD, and OD samples are similar in predicting K availability for soybean. Soil drying should not be an issue of concern in extracting soil K and recommending fertilizer‐K rate for soybean production on Mid‐Atlantic coarse‐textured Coastal Plain and Piedmont soils.
Numerical Solution of Richards' Equation: A Review of Advances and Challenges
Authors: Farthing Matthew W. , Ogden Fred L.
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas

The numerical solution of Richards' equation remains challenging.

Space/time discretization affects both computational effort and accuracy.

Adaption of space and time discretizations produces benefits.

Dissemination of codes and improved documentation are needed.

Recent reformulation of one‐dimensional Richards' equation shows promise.

The flow of water in partially saturated porous media is of importance in fields such as hydrology, agriculture, environment and waste management. It is also one of the most complex flows in nature. The Richards' equation describes the flow of water in an unsaturated porous medium due to the actions of gravity and capillarity neglecting the flow of the non‐wetting phase, usually air. Analytical solutions of Richards' equation exist only for simplified cases, so most practical situations require a numerical solution in one‐ two‐ or three‐dimensions, depending on the problem and complexity of the flow situation. Despite the fact that the first reasonably complete conservative numerical solution method was published in the early 1990s, the numerical solution of the Richards' equation remains computationally expensive and in certain circumstances, unreliable. A universally robust and accurate solution methodology has not yet been identified that is applicable across the range of soils, initial and boundary conditions found in practice. Existing solution codes have been modified over years to attempt to increase robustness. Despite theoretical results on the existence of solutions given sufficiently regular data and constitutive relations, our numerical methods often fail to demonstrate reliable convergence behavior in practice, especially for higher‐order methods. Because of robustness, the lack of higher‐order accuracy and computational expense, alternative solution approaches or methods are needed. There is also a need for better documentation of improved solution methodologies and benchmark test problems to facilitate consistent advances and avoid re‐inventing of the wheel.
Soils on Historic Charcoal Hearths: Terminology and Chemical Properties
Authors: Hirsch Florian , Raab Thomas , Ouimet William , Dethier David , Schneider Anna , Raab Alexandra
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas

Charcoal hearth remains are a widespread legacy of historic iron production.

Soils on charcoal hearth remains are a carbon sink.

Soils on charcoal hearths are classified as Anthropic Udorthents.

Historic charcoal hearth remains provide a unique archive of the long‐term interaction between biochar, soil development, and plant growth. Charcoal as raw material was crucial for production of iron in iron works, and hence numerous charcoal hearths can be found in the forests near historic iron works in Europe and in the eastern United States. Charcoal hearths are round to elliptical forms often around 10 m in diameter and consist of several‐decimeter‐thick layers that contain charcoal fragments, ash, and burnt soil. We studied the soil chemistry of 24 charcoal hearths and compared them with the surrounding “natural” soils in the northern Appalachians of northwestern Connecticut. The thickness of the topsoils on the charcoal hearths and their carbon content are remarkably higher than in the surrounding topsoils. The presence of residual products from charcoal production classifies the soils as Anthropic Udorthents (US Soil Taxonomy) or Spolic Technosols (Humic) according to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources. The widespread occurrence of charcoal hearth remains, and their high spatial density in different ecosystems underlines their importance for further pedological research.
A pedagógustársadalom érzelmi térképe
Authors: Séllei Beatrix
Published: October 2017

A tanulmány egy nagyobb kutatás pedagógusokat vizsgáló szeletét mutatja be, amelynek adatfelvétele 2014- ben zajlott le. A pedagógusok érzelmi jellemzőit feltáró-leíró oldalról mutatjuk be. Az érzelmi intelligencia fontossága a sikeres mindennapi életben mára ismert és elfogadott tény (péládul Ciarrochi és mtsai., 2001; Goleman, 2008). Azt is jól látjuk, hogy a pedagógusszakma gyakorlása és a pedagógus léttel járó terhelések rendelkeznek egy sajátos mintázattal. A magyar pedagógustársadalom tagjai a gyakori változások, a munkafeltételek, a szakmai szerep presztízse és még számos más ok miatt a kiégés szempontjából veszélyeztetettek. A kiégés megelőzésében, a hatékony munkaszervezésben és a kihívásokhoz való alkalmazkodásban nagy szerepe van az érzelmi kompetenciának. Jelen tanulmány célja, hogy leírja és értelmezze a pedagógusok érzelmi intelligenciájának mintázatát: milyen a pedagógusok érzelmi intelligenciája, továbbá pontosan hogyan szerveződnek érzelmi részképességei, hol találhatók az erősségek és mely területeken lenne szükség intervencióra. Feltártuk, hogy van-e különbség a pedagógusok érzelmi kompetenciájában a nemüktől, az életkoruktól, a végzettségüktől, a munkatapasztalatuktól és a munkahelyük típusától függően. A kutatás 496 fő bevonásával zajlott, az ország minden területéről és mindenféle intézménytípusból, tehát a feltárt jellemzők erőteljes tendenciát írnak le a magyar pedagógusok érzelmi sajátosságairól. A kutatás eredménye aktuális helyzetleírás 2014 tavaszáról, melyből felrajzolható a mai magyar pedagógustársadalom érzelmi térképe. A leírás, az érzelmi intelligencia profil alapján továbbá azonosíthatóak olyan pontok, ahol intervencióra van szükség, hogy a pedagógusok hatékonyabbak legyenek a szakmai- és a mindennapi életükben.
Empirikus kutatás a sportszakmai képesítési rendszerről – II. rész
Authors: Szmalka Erzsébet
Published: October 2017

E tanulmánynak a Neveléstudomány 2016. 3. számában megjelent első része (DOI: 10.21549/NTNY.15.2016.3.7) számot adott a kutatás módszereiről, megmagyarázta a képesítési rendszer fogalmát, bemutatta a jelenleg elérhető sportszakmai képesítéseket, majd górcső alá vette azok történeti alakulását és a szak- és felnőttképzés, valamint a felsőoktatás területén szerezhető képesítések helyzetét. A cikk most olvasható második része a nemformális szektorban szerezhető képesítéseket tárja fel, továbbá beszámol a társadalmi partnerek képesítési rendszerről alkotott véleményéről, végül pedig összefoglalja a kétrészes cikksorozat tanulságait.
End Restraints in Steel Angles in Lattice Towers
Authors: Kalaga Sriram
Published: October 2017

Introduction:

Test data on single angle compression members with various end connection arrangements is used to develop adjustment factors for effective buckling lengths. A connection length parameter is proposed and evaluated based on test data. Results from a total of 31 equal leg test angles with single-, double- bolts and fixed ends are used.

Methods:

Slenderness ratios considered ranged from 150 to 312. Angle sizes ranged from 38 x 38 x 3.2 (mm) to 89 x 89 x 6.4 (mm). Estimated connection lengths were about 12.5% of the member length for single-bolt joints; 24.7% for double-bolt joints and 45.6% for fixed joints. Computed effective length factors ranged from 0.544 to 0.875.

Results:

Results seem to indicate that it is possible to define and calculate connection length of a lattice tower angle member. Suggestions for incorporating connection length issues in routine designs are made.
Re-Establishing Brain Networks in Patients with ESRD after Successful Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Chen Hui Juan , Wen Jiqiu , Qi Rongfeng , Zhong Jianhui , Schoepf U. Joseph , Varga-Szemes Akos , Lesslie Virginia W. , Kong Xiang , Wang Yun Fei , Xu Qiang , Zhang Zhe , Li Xue , Lu Guang Ming , Zhang Long Jiang
Published: October 2017

Background and objectives

Cognition in ESRD may be improved by kidney transplantation, but mechanisms are unclear. We explored patterns of resting-state networks with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging among patients with ESRD before and after kidney transplantation.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Thirty-seven patients with ESRD scheduled for kidney transplantation and 22 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were imaged before and 1 and 6 months after kidney transplantation. Functional connectivity of seven resting-state subnetworks was evaluated: default mode network, dorsal attention network, central executive network, self-referential network, sensorimotor network, visual network, and auditory network. Mixed effects models tested associations of ESRD, kidney transplantation, and neuropsychological measurements with functional connectivity.

Results

Compared with controls, pretransplant patients showed abnormal functional connectivity in six subnetworks. Compared with pretransplant patients, increased functional connectivity was observed in the default mode network, the dorsal attention network, the central executive network, the sensorimotor network, the auditory network, and the visual network 1 and 6 months after kidney transplantation (P=0.01). Six months after kidney transplantation, no significant difference in functional connectivity was observed for the dorsal attention network, the central executive network, the auditory network, or the visual network between patients and controls. Default mode network and sensorimotor network remained significantly different from those in controls when assessed 6 months after kidney transplantation. A relationship between functional connectivity and neuropsychological measurements was found in specific brain regions of some brain networks.

Conclusions

The recovery patterns of resting-state subnetworks vary after kidney transplantation. The dorsal attention network, the central executive network, the auditory network, and the visual network recovered to normal levels, whereas the default mode network and the sensorimotor network did not recover completely 6 months after kidney transplantation. Neural resting-state functional connectivity was lower among patients with ESRD compared with control subjects, but it significantly improved with kidney transplantation. Resting-state subnetworks exhibited variable recovery, in some cases to levels that were no longer significantly different from those of normal controls.
Defining and selecting independent directors
Authors: Pichet Eric
Published: October 2017

Drawing from the Enlightened Shareholder Theory that the author first developed in 2011, this theoretical paper with practical and normative ambitions achieves a better definition of independent director, while improving the understanding of the roles he fulfils on boards of directors. The first part defines constructs like firms, Governance system and Corporate governance, offering a clear distinction between the latter two concepts before explaining the four main missions of a board. The second part defines the ideal independent director by outlining the objective qualities that are necessary and adding those subjective aspects that have turned this into a veritable profession. The third part defines the ideal process for selecting independent directors, based on nominating committees that should themselves be independent. It also includes ways of assessing directors who are currently in function, as well as modalities for renewing their mandates. The paper’s conclusion presents the Paradox of the Independent Director.
Effects of Spacing and Number of Elements on the Fields Radiated by Linear Arrays of Equally Spaced Elements
Authors: Abimbola Raji A.
Published: October 2017

This paper examines the effects of spacings and number of elements on the radiation features of linear antenna of uniformly spaced elements, oriented in end fire directions. Use is made of pattern multiplication concept to evaluate the electric field radiated by the antenna when excited with sinusoidal current distribution. It is found that, when the spacings between the elements of the array are , and , respectively, the radiated field patterns of models of the array depict radiations in broadside and end fire directions while at lower spacings of and , radiations exist only along the end fire directions. In addition, it is also observed that, the beam-width of the main lobe of the field patterns reduces as the spacing and number of element increase which suggests better directivity. However, the improvement in the directivity is followed with side lobe levels which seem to be the disadvantage of that benefit. Furthermore, it is discovered that the array factor patterns and radiated electric field patterns of the antenna display characteristics that are largely similar.
Method of Moment Determination of Current Distribution on Elements of Yagi-Uda Array
Authors: Abimbola Raji A.
Published: October 2017

Presented in this paper is the numerical solution to the current distributions on two forms of Yagi-Uda antenna designs. One form consists of twelve elements while the other consists of fourteen elements. Employing method of moments technique in which the unknown current is expanded in terms of known expansion function and complex coefficients which are to be determined. It is demonstrated that, when the integral equation that expresses tangential component of an impressed field in terms of induced current on the elements of Yagi-Uda array is reduced into matrix form, the current distribution of interest becomes known. The profiles for the current distributions on elements of those arrays represented in graphical forms reveal that, the currents are symmetrical about the length of the element in each case. It is found that the highest magnitude of the current exists on the driven element. Furthermore, the characteristic profiles of the currents on elements of those arrays exhibit sinusoidal type of waveform and are largely similar when the frequencies of operation are 200MHz and 665MHz, respectively.
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF THE FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS OF THE ECONOMIC UNIVERSITY AS A COMPONENT OF INDIVIDUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL SPACE
Authors: Morozov Volodymyr , Mykhailenko Liliya , Falko Natalia , Puente Edward Rojasdela , Galaidin Andrii
Published: October 2017

The article gives a theoretical analysis of existing in modern science approaches to the study of the problem of students’ adaptation to study in higher educational institutions. A comparative description of the components of the adaptation process is presented. The necessity of provision psychological support for the process of students’ adaptation to higher education studies is determined. A training program is proposed for improving the level of adaptability of freshmen students and maladaptation prevention in terms of studying at an economic higher education institution
Repensando o Conhecimento: por uma análise interdisciplinar da obra de Peter Burke
Authors: Dos Santos Arthur Saldanha
Published: October 2017

Os trabalhos que Peter Burke vem desenvolvendo,  no que tange a produção e reprodução de ciência no mundo acadêmico, são de fundamental importância para o atual contexto em que se fala constantemente de interdisciplinaridade e processos distintos de entender o mundo e suas relações. O conhecimento dessa forma deve transcender os espaços tidos como periféricos – distantes das discussões “mais globais” e, atingir patamares mais díspares, dinâmicos, amplos e contextualizados. Esta resenha tem por objetivo retratar as perspectivas de Burke inseridas em um contexto de diálogos diversos de saberes e produções de conhecimentos como processos sociais da humanidade.
Análisis no paramétrico de las condiciones laborales y psicosociales de estudiantes en un centro temático de la Universidad de Guadalajara / Non-parametric Analysis of the Working and Psychosocial Conditions of Students in a Thematic Center of the University of Guadalajara
Authors: Silva-Gutiérrez Blanca Noemí , De la Cruz-Guzmán Ulises Osbaldo , Cruz-Barba Evangelina
Published: October 2017

En México, los jóvenes universitarios enfrentan un doble desafío frente a las exigencias de su formación profesional y las condiciones laborales. Esta investigación se orientó a estudiar la situación laboral de la población estudiantil del Centro Universitario de Ciencias Económico Administrativas (CUCEA) de la Universidad de Guadalajara, en Jalisco, México. El objetivo consistió en analizar las características de los empleos remunerados en los que se desenvuelven los estudiantes del CUCEA, otorgando especial atención a los componentes psicosociales del entorno laboral. La metodología empleada fue de carácter cuantitativo, de corte transversal con análisis estadístico de tipo no paramétrico de variables cualitativas; se aplicó una encuesta a nivel licenciatura del CUCEA durante el segundo semestre del 2015 a una muestra de 346 estudiantes, de los cuales 145 se encontraban laboralmente activos durante el estudio. En un primer momento, se identificó la existencia de precariedad laboral respecto a percepción salarial, se encontró que principalmente oscila en un rango que va de 2 103 a 4 206 pesos mexicanos mensuales. En cuanto al tipo de jornada laboral se detectó que 49 % es de medio tiempo, mientras que los de tiempo completo representan al 32 % y el 19 % restante se encuentra en otras modalidades. La falta de prestaciones sociales es evidente dado que sólo 1.4 % de los encuestados son acreedores a las prestaciones básicas establecidas en la Ley Federal del Trabajo. En tanto a la formalidad del contrato de trabajo ésta es baja ya que la mayoría son trabajos de confianza; es decir, que son empleados no sindicalizados con contratos temporales o indefinidos, e incluso no tienen contrato.
Application of a Vital Signs Monitor Usage Training Model
Authors: Arcila Rios Catherine , Montes Buelvas Vanessa Paola , Barreneche Ospina Juan Guillermo
Published: October 2017

On one hand, technological training on medical devices is a major aspect of the requirements in decree #4725 of 2005 issued by the Invima [1], also health training protocols are an aspect of the resolution 2003 of 2014 issued by the Colombian Ministry of Social Protection [2]. Several Colombian and international regulations indicate the need to perform training on medical devices oriented to clinic users and other personnel. An important aspect to implement user training on medical devices in different health centers is to promote the correct use of these devices, that implies the performing a safe and quality patient care as well as other aspects attending patients. Another aspect to take into account, is the equipment preservation. This article aims to analyze previous reviews on training models and to implement some variations on methodological practices to develop a training model based on the results training a group of bioengineering students.
Economic Value for University Services: Modelling and Heterogeneity Analysis
Authors: Sánchez-Fernández Raquel , Jiménez-Castillo David , Iniesta-Bonillo Angeles
Published: October 2017

The study described here develops a perceived value model, from the alumni's perspective, to determine the sources of economic value universities must focus on to enhance satisfaction, organisational image and identification. The assessment of university audiences' perceived value of service is increasingly critical for universities to become more innovative and competitive, yet research rarely examines the nature, effects or perceptions of value in this context. The study also aims to identify alumni-specific differences in the model, considering the existence of unobserved heterogeneity. Survey data from a sample of 500 alumni were examined using partial least squares (PLS) and Finite Mixture PLS. Overall results support the model, but the heterogeneity analysis differentiates between two latent classes in the number of sources of economic value and the intensity and significance of the proposed relationships. The findings provide useful theoretical and practical insights, and highlight the importance of uncovering heterogeneity in structural models.
La salud sexual y (no) reproductiva en debate: apuntes a partir de experiencias de mujeres lesbianas y bisexuales en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Mertehikian Yasmín Amira
Published: October 2017

En Argentina, la mayor parte de las políticas públicas se concentra en el cuidado de la salud anticonceptiva o reproductiva desde la presunción de heterosexualidad. La relación que las mujeres lesbianas y bisexuales establecen con los servicios de ginecología y obstetricia es un tema que ha sido poco indagado desde las ciencias sociales. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar y comparar las prácticas de cuidado en torno a la salud sexual y reproductiva de jóvenes lesbianas y bisexuales de sectores medios y bajos y sus experiencias con los servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa en base a doce entrevistas semi-estructuradas a jóvenes lesbianas y bisexuales de 18 a 29 años de sectores medios y bajos residentes en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Se concluye que la existencia de un sistema de salud que opera bajo la presunción de heterosexualidad restringe el acceso a la información en materia de prevención y de cuidado de la salud sexual y reproductiva de mujeres lesbianas y bisexuales. Frente a un Estado que no logra proveer servicios de atención adecuados, las mujeres entrevistadas despliegan una serie de estrategias individuales y colectivas para enfrentar dicha carencia.
Palabras clave: Sexualidad, reproducción, heteronormatividad, lesbianas, bisexuales, Argentina.
Mujeres de elite y trabajo doméstico remunerado en Chile: ¿crisis de cuidados o de la familia?
Authors: Fernández Rosario
Published: October 2017

Este artículo analiza la relación entre la crisis de los cuidados y de las familias en Chile, y las estrategias que emplean las mujeres de clases acomodadas conservadoras para reproducir la figura de la familia como proyecto nacional. A través de una revisión histórica y teórica, y utilizando entrevistas a dueñas de casas de Santiago, este artículo pretende comprender la crisis de los cuidados a partir de la vinculación entre la intimidad y la política. Estudia los discursos y procesos mediante los cuales el trabajo doméstico remunerado permite saciar la ‘crisis de los cuidados’ y rearticular la figura de la ‘familia’, y cómo a través de las relaciones entre trabajadoras y empleadoras se manejan tensiones y diferencias en un espacio íntimo-político.
Palabras clave: crisis de los cuidados, familia, trabajo doméstico remunerado, intimidad, política.
“Eres muy blanca para ser de allá”: racialización y blanquitud en instituciones de educación superior, Colombia
Authors: Pérez Rodríguez Adriana Marcela
Published: October 2017

En este artículo exploro aspectos de mi trayectoria de blanquitud, por medio de un análisis de la racialización del género en Cúcuta y Bogotá, Colombia. A partir de un ejercicio autoetnográfico de la memoria, consigno experiencias en mi diario de campo para interpretar mi proceso de constitución como sujeta blanca y mi participación en la construcción de representaciones lícitas y sancionables de feminidades racializadas. Estos procesos estaban análogamente vinculados a las luchas por la racialización de los espacios, como mi barrio o la institución de educación superior en la que estudié, y la designación de sus legítimos propietarios.
Palabras clave: blanquitud, feminidad, racialización, alteridad, instituciones de educación superior, espacio.
Poemas de Sonia Solarte Orejuela
Authors: Solarte Orejuela Sonia
Published: October 2017

POEMAS:

TUYA ES TU VOZ
REFORESTACIÓN
CUANDO DUELE LA OSCURIDAD
PROPUESTAS PARA DESCASCARAR EL MAL TIEMPO
EL PODER DE LA TRISTEZA
Precios del suelo, segregación residencial y distribución del empleo
Authors: Ipia Astudillo Jeisson , Vivas Pacheco Harvy
Published: October 2017

El artículo analiza la relación entre los precios del suelo, la distancia a los centros de empleo y la presencia de segregación residencial en la ciudad de Cali. Para el logro de tales propósitos se realizaron análisis exploratorios y confirmatorios de datos espaciales utilizando como unidad de análisis los barrios. Para identificar los centros y subcentros se utilizaron métodos matemáticos y se calibró una función cubic spline a partir de los avalúos catastrales y las densidades de empleo. Los análisis exploratorios sugirieron la especificación de modelos econométricos espaciales que relacionaron la distribución del empleo, los precios del suelo y la segregación residencial. Los hallazgos aportaron evidencia sobre la transición hacia una estructura multicéntrica en la ciudad, a pesar de la elevada importancia que todavía tiene el centro tradicional. Los ejercicios econométricos mostraron que los precios del suelo obedecen a un patrón diferenciado con avalúos altos sobre todo el eje longitudinal y avalúos bajos hacia las zonas periféricas en las que prevalecen distancias relativamente altas a los centros y donde se concentran los grupos de mayor vulnerabilidad social y económica de la ciudad.
La incorporación de la política pública de seguridad y convivencia en la agenda gubernamental de Medellín 1990-2005
Authors: Duarte Herrera Lisbeth Katherine , Pedraza Beleño Jose Adolfo
Published: October 2017

La situación de violencia que ha caracterizado a Medellín desde finales del siglo XX e inicios del XXI ha sido objeto de atención pública por parte de las autoridades locales y nacionales. El objetivo del artículo es analizar, desde el enfoque de política pública propuesto por Kingdon (1994; 2010), cómo se configuró la política pública de seguridad ciudadana y convivencia en la agenda pública y de gobierno con el fin de menguar la situación en la ciudad durante el periodo 1990-2005. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo y descriptivo, así como la metodología adoptada es fundamentalmente análisis documental de bibliografía especializada. Entre las principales conclusiones se reconoce la relevancia de la confluencia de todas las corrientes, a saber; actores, problemas, soluciones y ventana de oportunidades, para la incorporación o redefinición de una política pública.
Movilidad social intergeneracional de acuerdo al color de la piel en Colombia
Authors: Viáfara Carlos Augusto
Published: October 2017

En este artículo se estudia la movilidad ocupacional intergeneracional según el color de la piel en Colombia. Se utilizan datos de la encuesta PERLA realizada en 2010y conrepresentatividad en el ámbito nacional. Se aplicóel método de tablas de movilidad y la estimación de modelos log-lineales. Los resultados muestran que las oportunidades de movilidad social ascendenteestán restringidas por la clase social de origeny al mismo tiempo son menoresparalaspersonas con colores de piel más oscuros. Esta situación aumenta la desigualdad en las oportunidades ocupacionalessegún el color de la piely configura una pirámide social pigmentocrática en Colombia.
Un estudio social de la raza. El negro de Filadelfia. Un estudio social
Authors: Reyes Sevillano Wilmar Hernán
Published: October 2017

Crítica de El negro de Filadelfia. Un estudio social de W.E.B.DuBoisse.
Accesibilidad y su alcance para las personas con discapacidad en el Paraguay
Authors: Ruffinelli Rosa
Published: October 2017

La accesibilidad es un principio básico al ser abordado temáticas relacionadas a la discapacidad, desde la Organización de las Naciones Unidas ONU, por ello el concepto ha sido incluido en las políticas viéndose en el 2006 incorporado como uno de los fundamentos básicos de los derechos de las personas con discapacidad. El marco jurídico que la accesibilidad está dada inicialmente por la Carta Internacional de los Derechos Humanos que está formada por tres documentos básicos: la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos (1948), el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales (1966) y el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos (1966). El objetivo de la investigación, es indagar sobre el marco legislativo de la accesibilidad a nivel nacional y su alcance real en la vida de las personas con discapacidad, vista desde las instituciones y las organizaciones de personas con discapacidad. Los resultados muestran que el Estado paraguayo reconoce como una condición necesaria para el cumplimiento de los derechos de las personas con discapacidad y asume responsabilidad sobre la accesibilidad a partir de la creación a través de la Ley Nº 4720/2012, de la Secretaría Nacional por los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad (SENADIS), si bien se está avanzando aún hay grandes desafíos, para las organizaciones no gubernamentales, para el Estado y para todos los ciudadanos, en lo que hace vivir en la diversidad sin perder derechos.
Prevalence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in Political Cadres of Nepal
Authors: Paudel Vijaya Prasad
Published: October 2017

Background & Objectives:Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus are both major modifiable risk factors leading to premature death due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are must to reduce morbidity and mortality due to following diseases. Therefore authentic data on these issues are of great importance. The aim of this study was to address this gap and create awareness regarding essence of control of Diabetes and Hypertension among political cadres of Nepal as they play major role in policy making. Materials & Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study in the political cadres of Nepal was conducted at Pragya Bhawan, Kathmandu on 4th March, 2012 where delegates attended their 3rd National assembly. Standard criteria were used to describe both Hypertension and Diabetes and their respective goals. Awareness and treatment were based on self-report.Results:A total of 291 subjects were included in the study. The prevalence of hypertension was 44.32% while that of Diabetes was 18.56%. The current blood pressure of the study population was 50% within normal range and 50% of them was above normal range, body mass index of 35% was normal and rest was above normal range. 15% of the study population was known diabetic while 33% was known hypertensive. More than 50% of known diabetics had poor control over blood sugar and 72% of the known hypertensive had poor blood pressure control.Conclusion:The scenario of hypertension and diabetes control among the political cadres is not up to the mark. Most of those already having the disease have poor control of blood pressure and blood sugar level. From this, the situation obviously seems more warning in general population and needs well-designed assessment.
Response of MC3T3-E1cells on microroughen bioactive glass coated zirconia
Authors: Tuladhar Sapna Laxmi , Parajuli Umesh , Wang Hang
Published: October 2017

Background & Objectives:The objective of this study was to determine the cellular response of micro-roughened bioactive glass coated zirconia substrate (ZBR) and non roughen bioactive glass coated zirconia substrate (ZB), and compare them with uncoated zirconia substrate (Z).  Materials & Methods:Surface micro-roughening was obtained using an Al2O3 sandblasting method. Abrasive blasting of zirconia coated bioactive glass produced an irregular finish with surface roughness average Ra 0.85 µm as determined by profilometer and scan electron microscope. Surface roughness of the samples in ascending order was ZBR>ZB>Z. Murine derived preosteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cells were seeded on the samples, and the cell morphology, growth, differentiation, were observed. Cell morphology was evaluated by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), while cell proliferation and differentiation using MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test and alkaline phosphates activity respectively. Results:The cell growth on all the samples continual increase with culturing up to 5days, showing good cell viability. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) with respect to the Z, ZB, and ZBR at day 5 at MTT assay. In particular, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of the cells was significantly higher on the ZB and ZBR than Z samples at both 7 and 14 days.   Conclusion:Our ﬁndings demonstrate that bioactive glass coated surface was found to have better surface conditions to regulate bone cell differentiation
Analysis of Consecutive Cases of Vascular Injury in Tertiary Level Hospital in Central Nepal
Authors: Sah Bijay , Shrestha Krishna Gopal , Tiwari Kaushal Kishore , Reddy Jayapal
Published: October 2017

Background & Objectives:Vascular injury diagnosis and management can be challenging and need expert clinical judgments. The current study aims to present diagnostic methods and management outcome in vascular injury patients attending our centre.Materials & Methods: The study  is a prospective study conducted during the study period of one and half years (From January 2015 to June 2016). Diagnosis of vascular injury was done by clinical examination, hand Doppler or in conjugation with duplex scan/CT Angiography. Primary vascular repair with end to end anastomosis was carried out whenever technically feasible; however, if it was not possible interposition reversed saphenous graft (SVG) was used to complete the repair.Results:Out of hundred cases of vascular injury, 77% were male and 23% female with a mean age of 35.18± 16.93 years. The majority of the cases 53% were diagnosed by duplex study followed by additional imaging by CT angiography in 30% cases and 17% cases were diagnosed only on clinical judgment. The main type of vascular injury was a complete transaction in 62% of cases followed by complex wall defect in 22%. The most common type of vascular reconstruction was end-end anastomosis in 76% of cases followed by ligation and haemostasis in 13% and reverse SVG graft repair in six percent of cases.Conclusion:The study concluded with the observation that early presentation, diagnosis and management including initial resuscitation and definitive multi-specialist surgical approach are paramount for excellent outcome after vascular injury.
Identification and preservation of External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve during thyroid surgeries at NMCTH
Authors: Joshi Rupesh Raj , Rijal Anupama Shah , Shrestha Kundhan Kumar , Dhungana Anup , Maharjan Shova
Published: October 2017

Background & Objectives:The most common reason for thyroid surgery is the presence of benign or malignant nodules. Subjective voice disturbance after thyroidectomy is very common, even without injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerves. One possible cause for postoperative dysphonia is injury to the External branch of superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN). Cernea classification, which we followed in this study, is one of the most popular worldwide classifications of the EBSLN. The study was conducted with objectives to identify and classify EBSLN according to Cernia classification in Nepalese population and help surgeons understand the anatomy of the EBSLN and to preserve the nerve during thyroidectomy. Materials & Methods:A prospective observational case series of seventy-nine patients, who were diagnosed with thyroid neoplasms and underwent thyroid surgeries at the tertiary centre of Kathmandu between 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2016. All procedures were performed by transverse collar incision. We classified the anatomy of the EBSLN using Cernea classification.  Results:There were total of 79 patients. Most common diagnosis and surgery were colloid goitre and hemithyroidectomies respectively. A total of 94 EBSLNs were evaluated.  Cernia Type I was observed in 27.66%, type IIa in 46.80%, and type IIb in 14.89%. Incidences of types IIa and IIb, which put patients at greater risk for intra-operative injury, were observed in 61.69% in our study. The nerve could not be identified in 10.64%. Conclusion:It is possible to increase the rate of nerve identification and avoid the nerve injury even in the absence of sophisticated equipment.