bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of the Etymology of Blood Relation Terms in the Russian and English Languages
Authors: Demidova Maria Mikhailovna
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to verify the hypothesis that the most of blood relation terms of the Russian and English languages have an identical common Indo-European origin. The scientific originality lies in the identification of the semantic, structural, phonetic and functional features of the etymology of blood relation terms in non-closely related languages (Russian and English), which has not previously become the subject of study in linguistics. When conducting a thorough comparative analysis, we relied on a wide range of lexicographic sources of both Russian and English. As a result of the study, for the first time, the percentage of terms with the same etymology was established.
Определение содержания мирицитрина в коре ореха черного методом ВЭЖХ
Authors: Куркин Владимир Александрович , Зименкина Наталья Игоревна
Published: October 2021

Разработана методика количественного определения мирицитрина в коре ореха черного (Juglans nigra L.) методом ВЭЖХ. Содержание доминирующего флавоноида — мирицитрина (мирицетин-3-O-α-L-рамнопиранозид) в коре ореха черного варьирует от (3,10 ± 0,18) до (3,18 ± 0,14) %. Ошибка единичного определения мирицитрина в коре ореха черного с доверительной вероятностью 95 % составляет ± 5,81 %.
Золотые наночастицы как потенциальные противоопухолевые агенты (обзор)
Authors: Черных Иван Владимирович , Копаница Мария Андреевна , Щулькин Алексей Владимирович , Якушева Елена Николаевна , Фролова Марина Александровна
Published: October 2021

В обзоре приведены основные методы получения наночастиц благородных металлов, способы функционализации их поверхности; рассмотрена фармакокинетика и возможные механизмы химиотерапевтического действия наночастиц золота: индукция апоптоза, активация липопероксидации, ингибирование мембранного транспортера гликопротеина-P. Также описывается перспективный вариант противоопухолевой фармакотерапии — использование гликонаночастиц золота с поверхностью, модифицированной моносахаридными остатками, имеющими тропность к лектинам опухолевых клеток. Подобная тактика позволяет достичь их адресной (таргетной) доставки в трансформированную ткань с минимизацией риска системной токсичности.
Микросферические частицы на основе белковой матрицы и дипиридамола с возможностью ингаляционной доставки
Authors: Болдырев Артур Евгеньевич , Зиганшин Марат Ахмедович , Лядов Николай Михайлович , Климовицкий Александр Евгеньевич , Герасимов Александр Владимирович
Published: October 2021

Ингаляционная доставка является перспективным способом введения антитромбоцитарных препаратов для профилактики инсульта. Использование микросферических частиц на основе белковых молекул позволяет обеспечить повышенную биодоступность плохорастворимых в воде лекарственных препаратов. В настоящей работе с помощью распылительной сушки получены микросферические частицы казеината натрия с модельным гидрофобным антитромботическим препаратом — дипиридамолом со средним аэродинамическим диаметром 2,8 мкм. Обнаружено, что использование казеината натрия позволяет увеличить скорость растворения дипиридамола и его концентрацию в водном растворе. Полученные результаты позволяют разработать стратегию создания систем ингаляционной доставки малорастворимых в воде лекарственных препаратов на основе белкового матрикса.
Оптимизированный синтез производного о-бензоиламинобензойной кислоты — 2-бензоиламино-N-[4-(4,6-диметилпиримидин-2-илсульфамоил)фенил]-бензамида, обладающего анксиолитической активностью
Authors: Кодониди И. П. , Боровский Борис Владимирович , Коваль Н. О. , Компанцев В. А. , Ларский М. В. , Чиряпкин А. С.
Published: October 2021

В статье приведен оптимизированный многостадийный метод синтеза нового высокоэффективного и малотоксичного вещества, относящегося к ряду производных амидов о-бензоиламинобензойной кислоты и обладающего анксиолитическим действием. В качестве исходного вещества использовали антраниламид, вместо уксусного ангидрида — пропионовый. Количество стадий синтеза не увеличивается в сравнении с известным способом, так как гидролиз антраниламида протекает в щелочной среде, в которой осуществляется ацилирование по Шоттену — Бауману. На завершающей стадии синтеза предложено модифицировать получение 2-бензоиламино-N-[4-(4,6-диметилпиримидин-2-илсульфамоил)фенил]-бензамида путем замены полярного апротонного растворителя диметилформамида на менее токсичный и более экологически безвредный диметилсульфоксид. Применение более доступных и экономически выгодных исходных веществ в сочетании с реакцией ацилирования по Шоттену – Бауману, которая позволяет исключить экологически опасный бензол, является целесообразным для наработки активной фармацевтической субстанции. Разработанный лабораторный регламент можно с успехом использовать для получения других биологически активных соединений о-бензоиламинобензойной кислоты, а также их циклических производных.
العولمة وتوظيفها لتحقيق لبرلة السوق وتهميش الانسانية (تأثيرات وباء كوفيد-19 نموذجاً)
Authors: Karem Dr. Mohammed Sabir
Published: October 2021

لقد صاحبت الرأسمالية ظهور الأنظمة السياسية الحديثة والمعاصرة،وأصبحت تبسط سيطرتها شبه المطلقة على أكثر من مجال رئيس وحيوي في حياة المجتمع البشري،وذلك من خلال عدة آليات نشطة، تشكل آلية السوق الحُرّة أهما والتي تقوم على تحقيق مصالح النخب الرأسمالية القائمة عليها،ولاسيما النخبة المالية.وبهذا فقد أضحت تحقيق الربح تتصدر برامج النخب الذين هم الموجهون الحقيقيون لنظام العولمة،وهذا ما تجسده ظهور وإنتشار الوباء الجانح(كوفيدــ19)، إذ أظهرت إنتشارها في أكثر من دولة في العالم،ولاسيما الدول المتقدمة المعروفة بالصناعيات المتقدمة،مكامن ضعف وفشل أنظمة حكمها في عملية مواجهته والقضاء عليه،بكل ما يمتلكونه من وسائل ومعدات طبية متقدمة.فمع ما حصدته هذا الوباء من جني أرواح أعداد هائلة من مواطني هذه الدول وغيرها على سطح الكوكبة وإصابة ملايين أخرى منهم به،هذا بالإضافة إلى الأضرار الاقتصادية من فقدان الملايين لوظائفهم وأعمالهم،وماترتبت على ذلك من معاناة ومشاكل اجتماعية وثقافية وتربوية أصابت العديد من المجتمعات،بقيت كل الجهود العلمية على المستوى الطبي لم تزل عاجزة عن إنتاج اللقاح الناجح للقضاء عليه،بل أصبحت وبفضل هيمنة تلك النخب وشركاتهم العملاقة  تستغل إنتشار الوباء وتتم توظيفها كحقل تجاري ضمن آلية السوق الحُرّة.هذا ما جعلت موضوع فشل عملية المواجهة تلك،تثار من وراءه أسئلة جدية وخطيرة  من هل أن ّأسباب ذلك الفشل يكمن في الإمكانات والقدرات التكنوعلمية ذاتها،أم في طموحات النخب الرأسمالية في تحقيق الربح ومصالحهم الذاتية الأخرى والتي يتم تحقيق الجزء الأكبر منها بواسطة آلية السوق الحُرّة،أم في كليهما؟،وهذا ما يكشفه ويفصح عنه الفترة القادمة.
القضايا العالقة بين الحكومة الاتحادية واقليم كردستان (الحلول الدستورية والقانونية)
Authors: Obaid Msc.Ali Abbas
Published: October 2021

تقوم الدولة الفيدرالية في العادة على عدد من الاقاليم لانها تقوم على تعدد الكيانات السياسية علما بان التجارب الفيدرالية قامت على وجود اقليمين او اكثر ولكل نظام فيدرالي خصوصياته كونه يجسد التطبيق العملي للنظام اللامركزي المحلي الذي هو جزءُ مهمّ من النظام السياسي الأكبر للدولة والقائم على اساس توزيع الوظيفة السياسية والادارية بين الحكومة الاتحادية وهيئات محلية منتخبة من السكان المحليين ذات استقلال نسبي غير مطلق لا يهدد كيان الدولة على وفق الدستور والقانون وعلى اساس اقليمي او مصلحي و تباشر سلطاتها في النطاق القانوني المرسوم لها ، وتعد العلاقة بين السلطة الاتحادية واقليم كردستان المستوى الاول من العلاقة على الصعيد الواقعي لاسيما انه لم يتشكل اي اقليم اخر في العراق سوى اقليم كردستان منذ تبني خيار الفيدرالية منذ عام 2003، ورغم اهمية هذه العلاقة الا انه صاحبها بعض الاختلافات والقضايا التي ادت الى عرقلة سير نجاحها وابرزها قضية المناطق المتنازع عليها ومسالة كركوك واشكالية الثروات النفطية وغير النفطية، وبذلك فانها تمثل انموذج التحدي الفيدرالي الذي تبناه العراق بعد تغير النظام ،ولذا من الضروري ان تكون الأفضلية للحكومة الاتحادية في حالة وجود خلافات في ما بين القوانين الاتحادية وقوانين الاطراف (الاقاليم ، المحافظات غير المنتظمة بإقليم ).
İç Anadolu Bölgesinde Bulunan Hayvansal Atıkların Biyogaz Potansiyelinin İncelenmesi
Authors: TOPAL CANBAZ Gamze , POLAT BULUT Ayben
Published: October 2021

Hızlı nüfus artışı, gelişen sanayi ve teknoloji ile enerji ihtiyacının artmasına neden olmuştur. Artan enerji talebinin karşılanması için fosil kaynakların kullanımının artması ile ilkim değişikliği, sera etkisi gözlenmesi ve ozon tabakasının zarar görmesi gibi çevresel sorunlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Fosil kaynakların sınırlı olması ve kullanımı sonucunda ortaya çıkan zararları önlemek amacı ile çevre dostu yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı gündeme gelmiştir. Çevre dostu ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından biri olan biyogaz enerjisi, organik atıklardan elde edilen biyogaz aynı zamanda bu atıkların bertarafı için de önem ve dikkat çekmektedir.

Yapılan çalışmada, 2015 ve 2019 yılları için Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’ndan (TÜİK) alınan veriler ile İç Anadolu Bölgesi biyogaz potansiyeli, biyogazdan elde edilecek olan enerji ve faydalanacak kişi sayısı hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bulunan tüm illerdeki büyükbaş hayvan (BBH), küçükbaş hayvan (KBH) ve kanatlı hayvan (KH) sayıları belirlenmiş, hayvanlardan elde edilen gübre ve enerji miktarları bulunmuştur. 2015 ve 2019 yılları için potansiyel enerji miktarı ve faydalanacak kişi sayısı sırası ile 3410 GWh ve 4275 GWh, 662657 ve 830773 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Görüntü İşleme ve Klasik Yöntem İle Şami ve Halep Keçilerinde Canlı Ağırlık Tahminlenmesi
Authors: TATLIYER TUNAZ Adile
Published: October 2021

Dijital görüntü analizi gibi görüntü işleme metotlarının kullanılmasıyla en az hata ile farklı türler üzerinde canlı ağırlık tahminleri yapılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı stres oluşumunun önüne geçmek için Shami ve Halep ırkı keçilerde dijital görüntü analiz yöntemi ile canlı ağırlığı tahmin etmektir. Hem erkek hem de dişi bireylerde vücut ölçümlerinin alınmasında klasik yöntemde kullanılan ölçüm araçları ile alınan vücut ölçüleri, görüntü işleme metodu ile de alınarak, yöntemler arasındaki farklılığa bakılmıştır. Klasik ölçüm için ölçü bastonu, ölçü şeridi ve sağrı eğimi için açı ölçer kullanılmıştır. Görüntü işleme metodu için Canon PowerShot PRO I, dijital fotoğraf makinası kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada Kahramanmaraş’ta bulunan özel bir işletmeden 2015-2018 yılları arasında doğmuş 40 baş Şami ve Halep ırkı keçilerin vücut ölçüleri kullanılmıştır. İki yöntem arasındaki uyuma bakmak için pearson korelasyon analizinden, yöntemlerin karşılaştırılması için T testinden yararlanılmıştır. Buna göre, sağrı yüksekliği (SGY) ve cidago yüksekliği (CY) özelliğinin hem Halep ırkında hem de Shami ırkında her iki yöntemle elde edilen değerler arasında pozitif yönde yüksek bir korelasyon bulunmuştur (Halep rSGY-CY=0.88 (klasik yöntem); Shami rSGY-CY= 0.81 (klasik yöntem); Halep rSGY-CY=0.79 (GİM yöntemi); Shami rSGY-CY= 0.82 (GİM yöntemi). Aynı zamanda üzerinde durulan tüm özelliklerde yöntemler arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmamıştır (P>0.001).
The application of vagus nerve stimulation in individuals with misophonia
Authors: Umashankar Abishek , Prabhu Prashanth
Published: October 2021

Stimulating the Vagus nerve helps maintain the autonomic tone, indicating stabilising any hyperactivity in the nervous system. The vagus nerve stimulation is applied in individuals with seizures, depression, sepsis, pain, obesity, cardiovascular disease, lung disease, diabetes, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. Auditory neuroscience has been widely applied in individuals with tinnitus and has been demonstrated as a successful neuromodulation technique. Individuals with peripheral lesions of the hair cells induce a maladaptive change in the plasticity resulting in hyperactivity in the auditory and non-auditory structures. In order to reduce this hyperactivity, neuromodulation techniques such as; transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial alternating current stimulation, transcranial random noise stimulation, neurofeedback, epidural and subdural cortical and deep brain stimulation. The vagus nerve stimulation is also one form of neuromodulation technique considered to reduce the symptoms of tinnitus. It is believed that the ramus Auricularis Nervi vagi, an afferent sensory branch of the vagus nerve, innervates the afferent sensory branch of the vagus nerve, the ramus auricularis nervi vagi also innervate the outer ear canal and parts of the auricle. This auricular branch of the vagus nerve also called Arnold's nerve, which gives a projection to the nucleus of the solitary tract. The vagus nerve stimulation in individuals with tinnitus works to activate the auricular branch of the vagus nerve to reduce its symptoms. A similar principle of vagus nerve stimulation can be tried upon in individuals with misophonia. Literatures states that individuals with misophonia have hyperactivity in their non-classical auditory pathway that can be suppressed with the help of vagus nerve stimulation. The article discusses the possible effects of vagus nerve stimulation in individuals with misophonia.
Keşşâf’ta Kelime Tahlillerinde Asıl Anlam Vurgusunun Manaya Etkisi
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Necmettin
Published: October 2021

Kur’ân lafızlarının manaya delaletinin tespitinde, kelimelere yüklenen anlamların belirlenmesi öncelikli rol oynar. Ayetlerin tefsirinde kullanılan yöntemlerden biri de kelime tanımıdır. Kelime tanımı, ayetin mefhumunda ve yorumunda ortaya çıkacak manayı etkiler. Çünkü tefsir ve yorum, tanımlanan kelimedeki mana üzerine inşa edilmektedir. Kur’ân kelimelerini anlama ve tanımlama çabası, sahâbe döneminden itibaren başlamıştır. Başta Taberî (ö.310/922) olmak üzere ilk dönem müfessirler ve dilciler, kelime tahlillerinde önemli mesafeler almışlardır. Kur’ân kelimeleri tanımlamalarında ve tahlillerinde kendisinden sonra birçok müfessirin ve dilcinin dikkatini çeken ve onları etkileyen müfessirler arasında Zemahşerî (ö. 538/1144) yer alır. O, Keşşâf’ta kelime tahlillerinde seleflerini geride bırakacak şekilde bir dizi yeniliklere ve derinliklere alan açmıştır. Zemahşerî Kur’ân kelimelerini tanımlarken zaman zaman başvurduğu bir usul ve yöntem olarak kelimelerin “asıl” anlamlarına vurgu yaptığı saptanmıştır. Bu araştırmada Zemah-şerî’nin kelime tahlillerinde asıl anlam vurgusu yaptığı sekiz kelime incelenmiştir. İncelenen sekiz kelimenin kökleri şunlardır: ص-ل-و/ṣ-l-v, ن-ف-س/n-f-s, ذ-ب-ذ-ب/ẕ-b-ẕ-b, ب-س-ل/b-s-l, ث-ر-ب/s̠-r-b, و-س-م/v-s-m, و-ر-د/v-r-d, ف-و-ت/f-v-t. Zemahşerî’nin bu kavramları tanımlama özgünlüğü, hangi mesajları ön plana çıkarmaya çalıştığı ve tanımlamaların manaya ne şekilde yansıdığı gibi yönler tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada Zemahşerî’nin kelimelere yüklediği anlamlar, kendisinden önceki ve sonraki dilci ve müfessirlerin tahlilleriyle mukayese edilmiş, benzerlikler ve farklılıklar ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca Zemahşerî’nin Kur’ân kelimelerine verdiği anlamlarla, günümüz Kur’ân mealleri arasında ne gibi farklılıkların olduğu tespit edilerek uygun meal teklifleri sunulmuştur. Yeni kelime meal önerileri, altı çizili biçimde italik yazı tipiyle gösterilmiştir.
“He named you Muslims before and in this”: some considerations about the lexemes islām and muslim in the Qur’an
Authors: Zaripov I. A.
Published: October 2021

The study identifi es the semantics of the wordsislāmandmuslimin the Qur’an on the basis of contextual and diachronic analysis. During the research there were defi ned 8 thematic groups of uses, only 5 of which can in one way or another be attributed to the period of Muhammad prophecy. At the same time, considering the only exception in 72 cases of usage, all the lexemes are used as a technical religious term in all the abovementioned thematic groups. The periodization ofsurahsstudies demonstrated the absence of semantic evolution, the assumption of which was made by some European authors. Profound analysis of lexical antitheses of this term has revealed the fact that it is opposed not only to unbelief and deviation from God’s way, but also to faith as an internal belief, thus representing an external act of accepting religion and observing its institutions. In conclusion, the author proposes a new version of the lexemes translation within the Qur’an, where he refl ects their religious, general monotheistic and performative meanings.
Psychological portrait of a leader on the example of Muslim women
Authors: Barieva N. Yu.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the psychological portrait of a leader on the example of Muslim women. An empirical study aimed at studying value orientations, identity, motivation for achieving leadership was organized with the help of 100 respondents – all women leaders, where 50 of them are Muslim women and 50 non-Muslim between the ages of 20 to 55. The respondents have professional education (Professional Education – 0.9%, Secondary Vocational Education – 10.4%, Higher Vocational Education – 82.1%, incomplete Higher Vocational Education – 2.8%, Candidate of Science – 3.8%.); work experience in a managerial position from 1 year to over 15 years; 50.9% profess Islam religion, 43.5% are representatives of Christianity, Buddhism, Judaism, 2.8% are atheists, 2.8% are the other. Comparative analysis of the empirical study results was carried out using the U-Mann-Whitney test for diff erences, Student’s t-test, and the Spearman’s r-rank correlation coeffi cient in the statistical package of the SPSS 18.0 program (PASW Statistics 18.0). Analysis of the research results confi rmed the hypothesis that the portrait of a Muslim female leader contains distinctive features due to value orientations and the identifi cation of one’s own “self-image”.
Emigration attitudes of young people in the northern and southern regions of Kazakhstan, depending on individual values
Authors: Romasheva Zh. Zh.
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the problem is caused with the lack of comparative studies on the problem of emigration attitudes and their predictors in the context of the cultural characteristics of Kazakhstan regions. The article analyzes the research conducted, the purpose of which was to compare the severity of emigration attitudes determined by the individual values of Kazakhs depending on the region of residence, and the following hypotheses are put forward: 1. The degree of expressing emigration attitudes among the Kazakh youth from the northern regions is higher compared to the same of the southern regions; 2. The meta-values of Preservation and Self-overcoming are more signifi cant for the young people of Southern Kazakhstan (in comparison with Northern Kazakhstan); 3. The emigration attitudes of the youth in Northern Kazakhstan are associated with the meta-values of Willingness to change and Self-affi rmation; 4. The emigration attitudes of the youth of Southern Kazakhstan are associated with the metavalues of Preservation and Self-Overcoming. The study participants, including young people (N=364) aged from 17 to 35, where 78% (285) is represented by women, were examined using such methods as the “Scale of migration attitudes” (S.A. Kuznetsova, I.Yu. Kuznetsov, A.V. Feshchenko), modifi ed into the “Scale of emigration attitudes”, which allows to identify the degree of severity of emigration attitudes; PVQ-21-ESS7 that is the version of a questionnaire for measuring individual values (Sh. Schwartz), aimed at studying the signifi cance of values, and the method of multiple linear regression analysis, the Student›s t-test. It is revealed that the Kazakhs of the northern regions of Kazakhstan (compared with the Kazakhs of Southern Kazakhstan) have more pronounced emigration attitudes, the importance of the Self-affi rmation metavalue is higher, emigration attitudes are positively associated with the Willingness to change meta-value; among the Kazakhs of Southern Kazakhstan (in comparison with the Kazakhs of Northern Kazakhstan), the meta-value of Preservation is of great importance, emigration attitudes are negatively associated with the meta-value of Self-overcoming; the meta-value of Self-overcoming is equally signifi cant for both the Kazakhs of the northern and the southern regions; emigration attitudes of the Kazakhs of both the southern and northern regions are negatively associated with the meta-value of Preservation and are positively associated with the meta-value of Self-Affi rmation. The obtained research results can be used in forecasting the migration behavior of Kazakh youth, as well as in the process of realizing a program “Rukhani Zhangyru – Public Consciousness Modernization” in Kazakhstan.
Review of M.V. Nechitaylov and V.S. Velikanov’s book “The shield and sword of the Sultan: Army of the Ottoman state at the end of the 16th – beginning of the 18th century”. Moscow: “Russian Knights” Foundation; 2020. 632 p.
Authors: Surikov K. A.
Published: October 2021

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Poultry jerky whole muscle meat products with taste components
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Zhigalova N.O. , Kuzmina E.V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Shinkareva S.V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Surkova S.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: October 2021

Aim. To develop a poultry whole muscle meat product with taste components. Material and Methods. Sampling and preparation of samples for laboratory research was carried out according to a unified methodology in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 51447-99 (ISO 3100-1-91). Determination of organoleptic characteristics was carried out according to the requirements of GOST 9959-91; GOST R 53159-2008; GOST R 53161-2008, physical and chemical characteristics was determined according to GOST R 55791-2013. The mass fraction of fat was determined according to GOST 23042-86; protein – according to GOST 25011-81; sodium chloride – according to GOST 9957-2015; sodium nitrite – according to GOST 8558.1-2015; moisture – according to GOST R 51579-99. Results. A recipe for poultry jerky whole muscle meat product with the addition of dry juniper berries to the curing mix has been developed. The results obtained indicate that the product has high organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics, despite the fact that the experimental sample was slightly inferior to the control sample in terms of the mass fraction of protein and fat due to a decrease in the consumption rate of the main and auxiliary components. Addition of dry juniper berries and coriander to the product recipe gave the product an original coniferous aroma and tart taste, and also improved its appearance due to pieces of dry berries on the surface. Use of inexpensive and low-calorie raw materials makes the finished product dietary and reduces the cost of its production. Conclusion. Poultry jerky whole muscle meat product has been developed, has practical and social significance and expand the range of meat delicacies.
A new type of chopped semi-prepared products using antioxidant and chickpeat extrudate
Authors:   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Grebennikova Y.D. , Bondarkova E.Y. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Surkova S.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: October 2021

Aim. Development of a new type of mutton chopped semi-prepared products with addition of an antioxidant and chickpea extrudate to increase the biological and nutritional value. Materials and Methods. Beef (GOST R 54704-2011), mutton (GOST 34200-2017), chickpea extrudate, antioxidant "Lavitol" and spices were used for the preparation of samples of mutton chopped semi-prepared products. The production of samples of chopped semi-prepared products was carried out in accordance with GOST 32951-2014. Sampling and preparation of samples was carried out according to a single method in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 51447-99 (ISO 3100-1-91). Determination of organoleptic characteristics was carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 32951-2014; the mass fraction of fat was determined according to GOST 23042-2015; protein – according to GOST 25011-2017; moisture – according to GOST 33319-2015; trace element composition – according to GOST R 55573-2013, GOST 32009-2013; amino acid composition of animal protein – according to GOST 34132-2017. Results. Comparative analysis of two samples showed that when introducing chickpea extrudate, moisture increases by 0.7%, this contributes to an increase in the quality of finished chopped meat products and a decrease in thermal losses. The mass fraction of protein is greater in the experimental sample by 5.65% than in the control, and the fraction of fat is less by 2.79%. The research results indicate the positive effect of chickpea extrudate and antioxidant on the nutritional and biological value of chopped semi-prepared products. Conclusion. The formulation of chopped semi-prepared products with the use of an antioxidant and chickpea extrudate has been developed, which makes it possible to expand the range of functional meat products.
Ahmad Faiz Raihan 2301926011 Paper topik marketplace analysis for e-commerce
Authors: Raihan Ahmad Faiz
Published: October 2021

Krisis ekonomi yang dialami Indonesia pada tahun 1997, dimana saat itu orientasi pertumbuhan ekonomi bertumpu pada pengembangan usaha-usaha besar. Usaha besar diharapkan dapat mendorong pertumbuhan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah. Namun, ternyata krisis tersebut telah menghentikan keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia, yang mengakibatkan banyak perusahaan besar mengalami kebangkrutan danbesar- pemutusan hubungan kerja secarabesaran. Berbeda dengan usaha besar, usaha mikro dan kecil pulih lebih cepat dari krisis, dan pekerja yang terkena dampak diserap ke dalam usaha mikro dan kecil ini. Kecepatan pemulihan usaha mikro dan kecil karena sifat usaha yang lebih fleksibel, modal yang relatif kecil, dan umumnya tidak tergantung pada bahan baku impor dan utang luar negeri. Selain itu, banyak usaha mikro dan kecil bermunculan dan mulai memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian nasional Indonesia. Pada tahun 2017, usaha mikro dan kecil membuat ante stagnan terhadap PDB (Produk Domestik Bruto) Indonesia sebesar 60,34%. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk menjaga stabilitas kinerja atau bahkan meningkatkannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh orientasi pasar, kapabilitas pemasaran, dan inovasi produk terhadap kinerja usaha mikro dan kecil.
MEDIA INFORMASI YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH PEMANGKU KEPENTINGAN DALAM MUSYAWARAH PERENCAAN PEMBANGUNAN
Authors: Saputra Arjuna
Published: October 2021

Tantangan di era modernisasi dan otonomi daerah telah terjadi paradigma pembangunan dari sentralistik menjadi partisipatif yang memberikan kesempatan lebih luas dan terbuka bagi aspirasi masyarakat di tingkat lokal. Hal tersebut diwujudkan melalui komunikasi stakeholder dalam Musyawarah Rencana Pembangunan (Musrenbang).
Artikel Pengaruh Narkoba Bagi Remaja
Authors: Hayyun Naufal Aditya Syam
Published: October 2021

Berumur ini narkoba telah menjadi momok bagi masyarakat dan pemerintah sebagai sesuatu yang sangat membahayakan. Penyalahgunaan dan peredaran gelap narkotika, psikotropika dan bahan berbahaya lainnya( narkoba) dengan berbagai implikasi dan dampak negatifnya merupakan suatu permasalahan global yang mengancam kehidupan masyarakat, bangsa dan negara. Bersumber pada permasalahan tersebut pembinaan hukum serta penyuluhan hukum di kalangan remaja perlu dilakukan supaya remaja bisa lebih paham serta mempunyai daya tangkal terhadap narkoba. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan dedikasi pada masyarakat ini dalam bentuk penyuluhan hukum tentang penangkalan penyalahgunaan Narkotika serta pendekatan partisipatif artinya para peserta dituntut aktif dalam mengikuti Sepanjang kegiatan berlangsung. Kompetensi yang hendak dibentuk ditandai dengan penanda Peningkatan pengetahuan peserta tentang penangkalan penyalahgunaan narkotika serta Perubahan perilaku dalam berpartisipasi dalam penangkalan penyalahgunaan narkotika. Narkotika serta psikotropika merupakan persoalan kritis serta pelik yang tidak dapat diselesaikan hanya oleh satu bagian. Sebab narkotika serta psikotropika bukan cuma permasalahan orang namun juga melibatkan bagian lama baik di lingkungan pemerintahan, organisasi non keberpihakan ataupun masyarakat sekitar. Penangkalan Penyalahgunaan Narkoba merupakan upaya yang dilakukan terhadap sebagian aspek yang mempengaruhi baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung guna mengubah kepercayaan, metode serta sikap remaja terhadap penggunaan narkotika serta psikotropika.
An observational analysis of the trope "A p-value of less-than 0.05 was considered statistically significant" and other cut-and-paste statistical methods
Authors: White Nicole , Balasubramaniam Thirunavukarasu , Nayak Richi , Barnett Adrian
Published: October 2021

Appropriate descriptions of statistical methods are essential for evaluating research quality and reproducibility. Despite continued efforts to improve reporting in publications, inadequate descriptions of statistical methods persist. At times, reading statistical methods sections can conjure feelings of deja vu, with content resembling cut-and-pasted or "boilerplate text" from already published work.Instances of boilerplate text suggest a mechanistic approach to statistical analysis, where the same default methods are being used and described using standardized text. To investigate the extent of this practice, we analyzed text extracted from published statistical methods sections from PLOS ONE and the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). Topic modeling was applied to analyze data from 111,731 papers published in PLOS ONE and 9,523 studies registered with the ANZCTR. PLOS ONE topics emphasized definitions of statistical significance, software and descriptive statistics. One in three PLOS ONE papers contained at least 1 sentence that was a direct copy from another paper. 12,675 papers (11%) closely matched to the sentence "a p-value< 0.05 was considered statistically significant". Common topics across ANZCTR studies differentiated between study designs and analysis methods, with matching text found in approximately 3% of sections.Our findings quantify a serious problem affecting the reporting of statistical methods and shed light on perceptions about the communication of statistics as part of the scientific process. Results further emphasize the importance of rigorous statistical review to ensure that adequate descriptions of methods are prioritized over relatively minor details such as p-values and software when reporting research outcomes.
Sedimentary response to current and nutrient regime rearrangement in the Eastern Mediterranean Realm during the early to middle Miocene (southwestern Cyprus)
Authors: Bialik Or , Reolid Jesús , Kulhanek Denise , Hincke Carola , Waldmann Nicolas , Betzler Christian
Published: October 2021

During the early and middle Miocene, the Mediterranean had become a restricted marginal marine sea with diminishing and ultimate loss of connectivity to the Indian Ocean. This dramatically changed the heat, energy, freshwater and nutrient budgets across the Mediterranean and most notably in its eastern basin. While one of the most prominent lines of evidence of this change in the Eastern Mediterranean is the onset of sapropel formation, many other aspects of the sedimentary system changed in response to this rearrangement. Here we present a detailed analysis of a hemipelagic succession from southeastern Cyprus dated to the late Aquitanian to the early Serravallian (22.5 – 14.5 Ma). This sequence is carbonate-dominated and formed during the decoupling of the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean. It exhibits sedimentation with mass transport contribution from shallow water carbonates to deeper facies with phosphatization and bottom current (at intermediate depth) interactions. This succession traces both local subsidence and loss of a local carbonate factory. Additionally, it records a shift in bottom current energy and seafloor ventilation, which are an expected outcome of connectivity loss with the Indian Ocean.
In-situ hydrogen wettability characterisation for Underground Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Higgs Scott , Da Wang Ying , Sun Chenhao , Ennis-King Jonathan , Jackson Samuel , Armstrong Ryan , Mostaghimi Peyman
Published: October 2021

Hydrogen storage in subsurface aquifers or depleted gas reservoirs represents a viable seasonal and/or long-term energy storage solution. However, currently, there is a scarcity of subsurface petrophysical data for the hydrogen system, limiting modelling work and industrial rollout. In this work, we address the knowledge gap by determining the wettability and Interfacial Tension (IFT) of the hydrogen-brine-quartz system using a multi-modal, in-situ approach. We utilise the captive bubble, pendant drop and in-situ 3D micro-Computed Tomography (CT) methods to rigorously characterise a hydrogen-brine-Bentheimer rock system, applicable to high quartz sandstone storage systems generally. The captive bubble method determined the effective contact angle ranged between 29°-39° for pressures 6.89-20.68MPa and salinities from distilled water to 5000ppm NaCl brine. In-situ methods confirmed the water-wet system with the mean of the macroscopic and apparent contact angle distributions being 39.77° and 59.75° respectively. Further confirmation of the water-wet system was provided by curvature analysis of fluid clusters. The pendant drop method determined that IFT decreased with increasing pressure in distilled water from 72.45 mN/m at 6.89MPa to 69.43 mN/m at 20.68MPa. No correlation was found between IFT and salinity for the 1000ppm and 5000ppm brines. Our fundamental studies provide insights into the physics of hydrogen wetting in multiphase environments of subsurface reservoirs. With this, we can make informed estimates of relative permeability and capillary pressure for the hydrogen-brine system to model the storage capacity and withdrawal rate of hydrogen in target reservoirs.
Exposures and behavioral responses to wildfire smoke
Authors: Burke Marshall , Heft-Neal Sam , Li Jessica , Driscoll Anne , Baylis Patrick , Stigler Matthieu , Weill Joakim , Burney Jennifer , Wen Jeff , Childs Marissa , Gould Carlos
Published: October 2021

The impacts of environmental change on human outcomes often depend on local exposures and behavioral responses that are challenging to observe with traditional administrative or sensor data. We show how data from private pollution sensors, cell phones, social media posts, and internet search activity yield new insights on exposures and behavioral responses during large wildfire smoke events across the US, a rapidly-growing environmental stressor. Health-protective behavior, mobility, and sentiment all respond to increasing ambient wildfire smoke concentrations, but responses differ by income. Indoor pollution monitors provide starkly different estimates of likely personal exposure during smoke events than would be inferred from traditional ambient outdoor sensors, with similar outdoor pollution levels generating >20x differences in average indoor PM2.5 concentrations. Our results suggest that the current policy reliance on self protection to mitigate health risks in the face of rising smoke exposure will result in modest and unequal benefits.
A randomized controlled trial on the digital socio-emotional competence training Zirkus Empathico for preschoolers
Authors: Naumann Sandra , Bayer Mareike , Kirst Simone , van der Meer Elke , Dziobek Isabel
Published: October 2021

In this randomized controlled trial (RCT), the digital socio-emotional competence training Zirkus Empathico was tested in 74 Central European children (5.1(0.9) years; 34 females) within a longitudinal design (three time points: T1 = pre-training; T2 = immediately following 6-week training, T3 = 3-month follow-up). The preregistered primary outcome was empathy, secondary outcomes included emotion recognition, prosocial behavior and behavioral problem reduction; furthermore, children’s neural sensitivity to facial expressions quantified with event-related potentials. Compared to controls (N = 38), Zirkus Empathico participants (N = 36) showed increases in empathy (d = 0.28 [-0.17, 0.76]), emotion recognition (d = 0.57 [0.01, 1.06]), prosocial behavior (d = 0.51 [0.05, 0.99]) and reduced behavioral problems (d = 0.54 [0.08, 1.03]). They also showed larger P3 amplitudes to happy vs. angry and neutral facial expressions post-training. Thus, Zirkus Empathico may be a promising digital training for social competence in preschoolers.
Linguam novit curia? Analiza korpusowa w prawie karnym – przyczynek do dyskusji
Authors: Tobor Zygmunt , Zeifert Mateusz
Published: October 2021

W interpretacji prawa karnego dużą rolę odgrywa domniemanie znaczenia powszechnego (ogólnego, potocznego) wyrażeń ustawowych. Ustalanie znaczenia powszechnego w procesie stosowania prawa odbywa się zwykle na podstawie intuicji językowej organu procesowego lub słowników. W artykule przedstawiono konkurencyjne źródło wiedzy o znaczeniu powszechnym, jakim są korpusy językowe. Wykorzystanie korpusów jako narzędzia wykładni prawa jest od kilku lat intensywnie dyskutowane w literaturze amerykańskiej. Główne zastrzeżenia zgłaszane są w kontekście prawa karnego. Artykuł zawiera przegląd głównych argumentów podnoszonych w amerykańskiej debacie i odniesienie ich do polskiej kultury prawnej. Ponadto, przedstawione zostały przykładowe analizy korpusowe na gruncie spraw karnych, zarówno w kontekście wykładni prawa, jak i oceny językowych elementów stanu faktycznego.
Special case of temporary suspension of criminal prosecution (§ 159C and § 159D of the Criminal Procedure Code): an effective legal instrument in the fight against corruption or covert introduction of the institution of crown witness?
Authors: Coufalová Bronislava
Published: October 2021

Corruption is one of the most dangerous phenomena of contemporary society. So it is no wonder that the legislator and the whole society are always looking for new ways to effectively combat such negative phenomena. However, corruption has one specific feature, which is high latency, compared to other forms of crime. Given that corruption is characterized by a high degree of latency, it is understandable that traditional means of criminal law are unable to ensure effective detection and prosecution of this type of crime. There is a relatively new procedural legal instrument in the fight against corruption in Section 159c and 159d of the Criminal Procedure Code. However, the question is whether this new provision is not merely a covert introduction of the institution of the crown witness into the Czech legal order.
Dorothy Wordsworth’s Journals of Scotland: The Creation of the Romantic Author
Authors: Beattie-Smith Gillian
Published: October 2021

The increase in popularity of the Home Tour in the 19th century and the publication of many journals, diaries, and guides of tours of Scotland by, such as, Samuel Johnson and James Boswell, led to the perception of Scotland as a literary tour destination. The tour of Scotland invariably resulted in a journal in which identities such as writer, traveller, observer, were created. The text became a location for the pursuit of a sense of place and identity. For women in particular, the text offered opportunities to be accepted as a writer and commentator. Dorothy Wordsworth made two journeys to Scotland: the first, in 1803, with William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and the second, in 1822 with Joanna Hutchinson, the sister of Mary, her brother’s wife. This paper considers Dorothy’s identity constructed in those Scottish journals. Discussions of Dorothy Wordsworth have tended to consider her identity through familial relationship, and those of her writing by what is lacking in her work. Indeed, her work and her writing are frequently subsumed into the plural of ‘the Wordsworths’. This paper considers the creation of individual self in her work, and discusses the social and spatial construction of identity in Dorothy’s discourse in her journals about Scotland.
Between ‘the me that leaves and the me that returns’: Gertrude Bell’s Persian Gateways and Walls
Authors: Szołtysek Julia
Published: October 2021

Persian Pictures, Gertrude Bell’s first published collection, differs substantially from her later works; critics have accused it of sentimentality, lack of substance – a mere ‘folly’ incommensurable with Bell’s later writings. In the present article, I intend to advocate for Bell, though, proposing to see the supposed faults of Persian Pictures as the work’s greatest strengths which in fact reveal the author’s other, more lyrical and less ‘business-like’, side. With special emphasis placed on the concept of gateways and walls I will attempt to shed light on how, by traversing and/or transgressing borders of various types and putting herself to a series of identity-forming tests, Persian Pictures – to the contemporary reader – offer insight into the broader apparatus of British (and Western) colonialism.By linking each of the selected essays with one of John Frederick Lewis’s orientalist paintings, I hope to further strengthen my argument that aspects of Persian Pictures, originally seen as the work’s weaknesses, have the potential to actually enrich discussions of Western mis/representations of the Orient, without compromising its author, and should thus be approached as instances of powerful and vivid responses to the ‘shock of the new,’ as experienced by Gertrude Bell – and, in fact, many other travellers, male and female alike, who ventured into these realms.
“Passengeriality”: Vita Sackville-West’s Passenger to Teheran and the May Coup in Poland
Authors: Białas Zbigniew
Published: October 2021

Travellers’ discourses thrive on anecdotes. According to Stephen Greenblatt, they interpose between a series of similar, narrow experiences and a wider pattern they may indicate. This analysis deciphers how an anecdote from Passenger to Teheran (1926), the travelogue written by Vita Sackville-West, is not just an isolated flash but can indicate larger representational strategies. In her epic journey Vita Sackville-West travelled from London to Egypt, India, Persia, and then back to England, through Russia, Poland and Prussia; by boat, train and car. In the episode which is subject to a detailed analysis, the travellers were stopped at the Polish–East Prussian border and forced to leave the train. The consequences of what could be just an anecdote about an “unwelcome incident”, reverberate – as it turns out – far beyond the incidental because what is at stake at almost every border incident is a socio–political, geo–political, military and ideological reality. No matter whether such events are presented as adventures or in all seriousness, each border trouble has consequences beyond any “local moment”. To disclose some of the less obvious implications of the Polish–Prussian passage in Vita Sackville-West’s book is the aim of this essay.
Organization of Mathematical Distance Learning in Primary School
Authors: Skvortsova Svitlana , Britskan Tetiana
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to researching the problem of using ICT by primary school teachers in teaching mathematics, in particular during distance learning caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of comparative analysis of the most common online services are presented in three categories: 1) services for creating a virtual classroom and interactive exercises and other educational content (LearningApps, Google Classroom, Classtime, and Classdojo); 2) services for organizing a distance lesson (Padlet); 3) services for conducting a distance lesson in the form of a conference (Zoom, Skype, Microsoft Teams). The generalized results of the online survey of Ukrainian primary school teachers on the use of these online services in mathematics lessons are presented. Furthermore, methodological recommendations for the use of selected online services are reflected in the developed e-course “Internet resources for creating mathematical learning and game content for primary schoolchildren”.
The Use of Online Education by the Czech Population in the European Context
Authors: Bobáková Hanne-Lore , Chylková Martina
Published: October 2021

The article deals with online educational courses in the Czech Republic. The subject of the investigation is the participation of individuals between 16–74 years of age in online education in the Czech Republic and its development. The investigation also focuses on the computer skills of individuals and their development between 2005–2014, and also in 2017, depending on data availability. All the above-mentioned indicators were analysed and compared to the situation in the neighbouring countries and in the European context. The methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison were applied. The research showed that the number of individuals participating in courses in the Czech Republic was relatively low in comparison to other neighbouring countries, even though the advancement of computer skills in the Czech Republic was constantly increasing from 2005 to 2014.
On the Sources of Karol Wojtyła's The Acting Person
Authors: Merecki Jarosław
Published: October 2021

The paper shows that the critical analysis of Max Scheler’s and Immanuel Kant’s concepts of moral philosophy was a starting point of Karol Wojtyła’s own positive project of anthropology presented in the book The Acting Person. Its core lies in the recognition of the significance of human efficacy: human persons express and realize their full subjectivity through their actions. Wojtyła shows that genuine human actions are not motivated only by the emotional power with which particular values are given, but rather by the perception of their being true values. In the last analysis, Wojtyła’s theory might be described as transphenomenology, that is, a synthesis of phenomenology and metaphysics. According to him, what is immediately given to the subject can be fully  explained by categories that transcend direct experience. In this way Wojtyła incorporates his vision of anthropology into a broader metaphysics, at the same  time showing that in philosophy one should move from phenomenon to foundation.
Contemporary Reflection on Participation as an Essential Dimension of Philosophy of Education in the Context of The Acting Person
Authors: Dancák Pavol
Published: October 2021

This article considers the problem of the idea of participation as an essential dimension of philosophy of education in the context of Karol Wojtyła’s teachings. It proceeds through the concepts of the person and participation. The paper reflects the need for discussion on philosophy of education due to the treatment of individual freedom in an extremely individualistic way. Wojtyła draws on the philosophies of consciousness and the philosophies of being in order to consider the constitution of our ideas in a manner relevant to the education for being together with all people and creatures, with the universe, with the whole world which gives us our own place.
Potrzeba tłumacza
Authors: Bibik Barbara
Published: October 2021

Z oryginalnych wierszy wstępu do drugiej części Orestei Ajschylosa zachowało się jedynie 21. W tłumaczeniu Jana Kasprowicza natomiast passus ten liczy aż 46 wersów. W pracy nad przekładem tego największego dla modernistycznego poety tragediopisarza korzystał on z edycji i translacji wybitnego niemieckiego badacza — Ulricha Wilamowitz-Moellendorffa. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą przyjrzenia się polskiemu przekładowi właśnie w kontekście niemieckiego tłumaczenia, ponieważ dopiero porównując mikrocząstki polskiej i niemieckiej wersji, dostrzeżemy różnice i kierunki interpretacji obu. Jakkolwiek bez wątpienia mamy tu do czynienia z przekładem, to jednak pozostawiony indywidualny ślad wielkiego polskiego poety, każe nam się po raz kolejny zastanowić nad wielowymiarowym i podlegającym różnym wpływom procesem tłumaczenia, który niejednokrotnie sam wymaga wytłumaczenia.
Prawno-podatkowe aspekty poboru przez przedsiębiorców opłaty recyklingowej
Authors: Kubista Karolina , Kubista Bartosz
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the issue of the recycling fee referred to in Article 40a of the Act of 13 June 2013 on Packaging and Packaging Waste Management (c.t. Journal of Laws of 2020, item 1114 as amended) from the legal and tax point of view, in particular the legal nature of the recycling fee, entities related to its collection, the subjective scope of the fee, the principles of its collection and the legal consequences of its collection for the obliged entrepreneurs.