bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical and economic analysis of the consequences of expanding the drug supply program for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Russian Federation
Authors: Maliavin Andrei Georgievich , Dzanaeva Alana Viktorovna , Avxentyeva Maria Vladimirovna , Babak Sergei Lvovich
Published: November 2019

Purpose of the study. Healthcare budget impact analysis in the Russian Federation of providing adult patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with basic therapy for outpatient treatment.

Material and methods. The hypothesis of reducing costs for the treatment of exacerbations of COPD was tested while providing all patients with basic therapy on an outpatient basis. The model calculates the direct medical costs of drug provision and treatment of exacerbations in patients with COPD in the current situation and when all patients with COPD are covered with basic therapy as part of a program of preferential drug provision. The simulation period is 1 year. The analysis does not take into account social losses associated with disability, payment of disability certificates, reduced labor productivity and mortality.

Results. The cost of providing all patients with COPD with the recommended basic drug therapy on an outpatient basis is substantially offset by a decrease in the cost of treating exacerbations: drug costs should increase by 14.1 billion rubles compared with the current situation, while the cost of providing medical care to patients with exacerbations is reduced by 9.7 billion rubles. As a result, the difference in direct medical costs, or the necessary additional investments, is 4.4 billion rubles. The price of drugs used for basic therapy has the greatest impact on the size of the required additional investments.

Conclusion. Providing all patients with COPD with the recommended basic drug therapy on an outpatient basis, we can expect a decrease in the number of moderate exacerbations per year by 14.7% and severe exacerbations by 31.2%. Taking into account not only medical, but also socio-economic costs can not only offset additional investments, but also demonstrate significant savings. When implementing a pilot project of preferential drug provision for patients with COPD in a specific region of the Russian Federation, it is possible to reduce the cost of purchasing medicines when forming a municipal order.
Presentation of information for consumers of medical services on the websites of health facilities: problems and solutions
Authors: Ekkert Natalia Vladimirovna , Polukhin Nikita Velerevich
Published: November 2019

Objective. To evaluate comprehensively the websites of health facilities (HFs) of various forms of ownership that provide information for consumers of medical services, and develop recommendations for optimizing the placement of this information on HFs websites.

Material and methods. The list containing 417 unique HFs websites records were received from Moscow City Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund register. Based on the requirements of regulatory enactments of the Russian Federation for the content of HF websites, 9 categories were formulated, including 43 conformity assessment criteria. The overall content of HFs websites evaluated as ratio of compliant criteria to total number of criteria. We used IBM SPSS Statistics 24 and Microsoft Excel 2016 for the comparison of two groups of HFs.

Results. The overall fulfillment of HFs websites was 95% with interquartile range (IQR) from 91% to 98%. The fulfillment of public and private HFs websites was 95% with IQR 92.5%–98% and 91% with IQR 56%–95%, respectively. Only 18.5% of Moscow HFs websites fully met the requirements of regulatory legal acts (24.0% of public and 5.6% of private HFs). Compared with the websites of private HFs, those of public HFs were more likely to comply with each criterion.

Conclusions. One fifth of HFs websites fully meet the basic requirements of regulatory legal acts. The problem of patients’ awareness about HF services require organizational actions. Those may include stimulation of integrative processes of information exchange between different departments and sufficient theoretical training of HFs managers about regulatory legal acts requirements for HFs websites.
Budget impact analysis of teriparatide in comparison with antiresorptive drugs in severe osteoporotic patients
Authors: Diakov Ilia Nikolaevich , Belaia Zhanna Evgenevna , Zyrianov Sergei Kensarinovich , Mazurov Vadim Ivanovich
Published: November 2019

Objective: budget impact assessment on the healthcare system use of teriparatide in the treatment of severe osteoporosis in comparison with antiresorptive drugs.

Material and methods. Study Design – retrospective literature analysis. Methods of pharmacoeconomic analysis: cost analysis, the “budget impact” analysis, sensitivity analysis. In the study, patients were considered as a target group for prescribing the drug teriparatide or antiresorptive therapy with severe postmenopausal osteoporosis with the presumed development of two compression fractures requiring surgical reconstruction.

Results. The use of teriparatide in patients with two low-traumatic vertebral fractures will require a cost 1.4% less than treatment with zoledronic acid and 33.07% less than the treatment with alendronic acid and 13.6% less in comparison with the use of denosumab. At a weighted average frequency of 3 clinically significant fractures per year, the use of teriparatide will require 15.0%, 42.9% and 24.7% less cost, respectively. For a group of 1000 patients with 2 fractures per year, the savings over 4 years will amount to 13.7 million rubles, 483.0 million rubles, respectively and 154.1 million rubles. With a more severe course, expressed in an increase in the number of fractures to 3 per year, budget savings over 4 years per 1000 patients will amount to 219.0 million rubles, 930.9 million rubles and 406.0 million rubles, respectively. A sensitivity analysis showed that on a 4-year horizon, the use of teriparatide remains economically feasible with a decrease in the frequency of fractures to 1.95 per year compared to zoledronic acid, to 1.4 per year compared to denosumab and to 0.95 per year compared alendronic acid.

Conclusion. Teriparatide is more cost effective than antiresorptive drugs for severe osteoporosis, when an average of 2 clinically significant vertebral fractures per year can be expected in untreated patients requiring surgical reconstruction. In this way, the appointment of teriparatide as the first line of therapy for osteoporosis in patients at high risk of fractures, having more than one clinically significant fracture of the vertebral body in a history is justified from a pharmacoeconomic point of view.
Calcium nitrate generating out of nitrogen-acid solutions after breaking up slurries of titanium production
Authors: Yessengaziyev A.M. , Ultarakova A.A. ,   Satbayev University, Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Uldakhanov O.H. ,   Satbayev University, Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation
Published: November 2019

This article provides the results of studies of qualitative, quantitative and material composition of titanium production slurry, which is man-made waste. The leaching of slurry parameters by nitric acid are studied: concentration, solid to liquid ratio, temperature and time. The effective leaching parameters were determined: 1.7 mol/l of nitric acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio = 1:8, pH<1, temperature 20±5 ºС, leaching time is 30 minutes. The rate of filtration was 0.035-0.044 m3/ m2×h. A gradual leaching method was used to improve the solutions filtration. At the beginning, the slurry was leached with a 0.5 mol/l HNO3 solution at room temperature for 10 min at solid to liquid ratio = 1:10, the filtration rate was 0.062 m3/ m2×h. Then the cake was again leached with 3.5 mol / l HNO3 at room temperature for 30 min at solid to liquid ratio = 1:10, the filtration rate was 0.094 m3/ m2×h. Calcium hydroxide or lime milk was selected as the reagent to precipitate impurities out of solutions. The content of impurities of iron, titanium and aluminum is significantly reduced when 2.8-5 pH values. The best purification of calcium nitrate solutions by lime milk was at pH 8. Calcium nitrate crystals were obtained by evaporation of a purified solution of 8 pH value out of a slurry leaching when 5% ammonium nitrate was added to it by weight of Ca(NO3)2. The dehydrated calcium nitrate was obtained by granulating 92-95% of the melt in the form of flakes at 90 °C of a surface temperature of the granulator plate.
STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF MODULAR WOOD PANEL OF PLANTED FOREST AND PARTICLEBOARDS BASED ON SUGARCANE BAGASSE
Authors: Sartori Diogo , Cravo Julio Cesar Machado , Nakanishi Erika Yukari , Amorim Cleber Alexandre de , Silveira Márcio Eduardo , Christoforo Andre Luis , Fiorelli Juliano
Published: November 2019

The production and study of alternative material produced with lignocellulosic waste  to application in livestock production installation is not common in Brazil, however, is a great sustainable alternative as substitutes of conventional materials, therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the structural performance of modular panel of homogeneous sugarcane bagasse particleboards and reforestation wood, by numerical and experimental analysis, with application prospect as lateral closure in cattle handling facilities. The evaluation of the modular panel performance was conducted by a numerical simulation by way of finite elements, in laboratory by soft body impact test, in situ, applied to a crowding pen of corral for cattle management. The results indicated good correlation among experimental and theoretical values and the modular panels met satisfactorily the proposed use as a lateral closure for cattle handling facilities.
Effects by Different Microstructure and Texture of Hot Band on the Evolution of Microstructure and Texture after Cold Rolling and Final Annealing of Ferritic FeSi Steels
Authors: A. Franke  , J. Schneider  , B. Bacroix  , R. Kawalla
Published: November 2019

It is well established that there is an interplay and interaction between the processing steps at fabrication of non-oriented electrical steels: hot rolling, cold rolling and annealing with respect to the evolution of the microstructure and texture. In this paper we will analyse in detail by optical microscopy and EBSD-measurements the influence of the microstructure of hot band prepared in different ways on the deformation structure after cold rolling and finally the evolution of microstructure as well as texture at final annealing due to recrystallization followed by grain growth. It will be demonstrated that the microstructure of the hot band effects the start of the recrystallization and finally the start of the grain growth at final annealing. The evolution of the microstructure at the stage of recrystallization is rather inhomogeneous across the thickness. This results from the complex deformation substructures after cold rolling. It will be pointed out that an explanation of the texture evolution at recrystallization only by in-plane compression stress fails. The inclusion of shear stress may explain the observed figure for the texture. The grain growth, which is necessary for the non-oriented electrical steels to reach the desired low values of specific magnetic losses, is finally the dominant process at the relevant higher annealing temperatures. The evolution of texture at recrystallization is different from those at grain growth.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE PADA MATERI MATEMATIKA KELAS VII
Authors: Satriani Sri , Mahmud Randy Saputra , Isnawati Isnawati
Published: November 2019

The aims of this study to know the effectiveness of think pair share cooperative model toward the mathematics learning outcomes for students in class VIIIB SMPN 3 Sungguminasa. This research was a pre-experimental research, the design was anone group pretest-posttest which involved in one class during 5 meetings. The learning achievement test, student activity observation, and student questionnaire responses were applied for collecting data.The data analyzed by descriptive and inferensial technique.The results showed that the average score of learning outcomes before being taught mathematics learning with the application of think pair share cooperative model was 37.10 with standard deviation 12,169, which showed that completeness classically was not achieved, while the average score the average mathematics learning outcomes of students after being taught mathematics learning with the application of the think pair share cooperative model was 84.17 with standard deviation 67.57 having achieved classical completeness with a normalized gain value of 0.73 being in the high category. Student activities in the active category where the average percentage 82.49%. Student positive responses showedthe average percentage was 94.29%. Based on these results it can be concluded that mathematics learning through the application of think pair share cooperative model in class VIIB SMPN 3 Sungguminasaapplied effectively.
Hard Environmental Choices: Comparability, Justification and the Argument from Moral Identity
Authors: Stabell Espen Dyrnes
Published: November 2019

In decision-making based on multiple criteria, situations may arise where agents find their options to be neither better than, worse than nor equal to each other with respect to the relevant criteria. How, if at all, can a justified choice be made between such options? Are the options incomparable? This article explores a hypothetical case that illustrates how such a situation can arise in an environmental context; more specifically, it considers the deliberations of an imagined ‘ethics committee’ as it struggles to decide whether or not a deep-sea mining project should be allowed to proceed. I argue that the case is best understood as involving options that are comparable in the sense of being ‘on a par’. Working out from a discussion of Ruth Chang's ‘self-governance’ theory of choice in cases of parity, I suggest that, in the environmental context, the idea of choices expressing a moral identity may lead us in the direction of a plausible solution to these particularly challenging cases.
Macht und Gemeinwohl
Authors: Meier Dominik , Blum Christian
Published: November 2019

Politische und wirtschaftliche Machtverhältnisse stehen unter Legitimationsdruck. Sie müssen unter Beweis stellen, dass sie dem Gemeinwohl dienen und nicht nur Partikularinteressen. Unser Aufsatz klärt die Fragen, was das Gemeinwohl ist und was Gemeinwohlorientierung in Politik und Wirtschaft bedeuten.
Das Wohnungsproblem
Authors: Budrich Edmund
Published: November 2019

Steigende Mieten und schrumpfendes Angebot bezahlbarer Wohnungen haben Wohnen zum Problem gemacht, zumindest in großen Teilen Deutschlands. Die Politik kämpft auf Bundes- und Länderebene mit verschiedenen Maßnahmen – u.a. Mietpreisbremse, Wohngeld, Baukindergeld, Bauförderung bis hin zur Vergesellschaftung von Großunternehmen – um Behebung, zumindest Minderung des Problems. Die Wohnungswirtschaft, insbesondere große Konzerne, und ihre Verbände setzen sich zur Wehr. Die Kontroversen zeigen die Handlungsgrenzen und -möglichkeiten der Politik.
Quality of life among elderly population
Authors: Papathanasiou Ioanna V. , Rammogianni Anna , Papagiannis Dimitros , Tsaras Konstantinos , Kaberi Foteini , Kontopoulou Lamprini , Neroliatsiou Anna , Fradelos Evangelos
Published: November 2019

III International Conference "Mental Health: global challenges of XXI century"
Conference Abstract
Introduction: Quality of Life (QoL) among elderly is an important issue that reflects the status of well-being of this vulnerable population.
Aim: This study aims to assess quality of life among elderly population and to examine possible correlations with associated demographic, social and health factors.
Material and Method: A cross sectional study was conducted, in which 257 elderlies from Greece were participated. For the data collection the WHOQOL-BREF (30-items Greek version) questionnaire was used as well as a questionnaire with questions about demographic data, social & health factors. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, means, percentages and standard deviations have been utilized. Inferential statistics such as t-test and pearson r correlation have been used to determined correlations between relevant variables. Level of significance accepted is p < 0.05.
Results: From the total 257 elderlies 55.6% (n=143) were women and 44.4% (n=114) were men with a mean age 75.12±8.39. The mean score of overall QoL is 14.14±2.87 and the mean of each factor of WHOQOL-BREF is 13.56±2.79 for physical health, 13.61±2.74 for mental health, 13.72±2.60 for social relationships and 13.70±1.96 for environment. Age, marital status, number of children, level of education, residence area, lifestyle, chronic diseases and serious illnesses are the factors that affects levels of QoL among Greek elderly population
Conclusions: Results indicates that levels of QoL between elderly are moderate and many demographic, social and health factors are correlated with QoL status.
Relationship Knowledge and Attitude of Nurses with Pain Management Practices in Neonates
Authors: Zubaidah Zubaidah , Naviati Elsa
Published: November 2019

Pain is a subjective feeling and an unpleasant experience. In neonates, pain that is not handled properly can cause short-term and long-term effects. Repeated pain can affect the development of the baby later on. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between knowledge, attitudes of nurses and the practice of pain management in neonates. Method: The design of this study was descriptive associative with a cross sectional approach. The sample in this study involved 119 nurses who work in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Data analysis using the Pearson correlation statistic test by identifying the relationship between respondent characteristics, knowledge, nurse attitudes and the practice of pain management in neonates. Results: Knowledge of nurses about pain management in neonates in the adequate category was 37%, nurses had negative attitudes towards pain management as much as 52.1%, and nurses who performed pain management well as much as 51.3%. There is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes of nurses and the practice of pain management in neonates (r = 0.715; p value = 0,000) and (r = 0.659; p value = 0,000). There is a need for a neonatal pain management training for nurses worked in high-risk neonatal ward to improve nurses' knowledge and attitudes.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Menggunakan Media Lembar Balik Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Orangtua Tentang Perkembangan Anak Kejang Demam
Authors: Khayati Fitriana Noor , Nabilla Nana , Suparti Sri
Published: November 2019

Kejang demam adalah kejang yang terjadi pada anak usia 6 bulan hingga 5 tahun yang mengalami peningkatan suhu tubuh yang tidak disebabkan oleh proses tersebut. Kejang demam dapat dikendalikan dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua. Penting untuk melakukan pendidikan kesehatan bagi orangtua dengan metode dan media yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan dengan media flip pada tingkat pengetahuan orangtua tentang perkembangan anak-anak dengan kejang demam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental semu dengan desain one pretest posttest group dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Subjek penelitian adalah 16 orang tua dari anak-anak yang mengalami kejang demam. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner dan intervensinya adalah pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan media lembar balik. Hasil Uji Homogenitas Marginal menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan dengan media lembar balik terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan orangtua dengan nilai p=0,005 (α = 0,05). Dianjurkan untuk menggunakan media lembar balik untuk pendidikan kesehatan bagi orangtua dengan kejang demam.Kata kunci: perkembangan anak, kejang demam, lembar balik, pendidikan kesehatan, pengetahuan orang tuaThe Effect of Health Education with Flip Sheet Media on Parent’s Knowledge Level abaout Development of Children with Febrile SeizuresAbstractFebrile seizures are seizures that occur in children aged 6 months to 5 years who experience an increase in body temperature that are not caused by the process. Febrile seizures can be controlled by increasing parental knowledge. It is important to do health education for parents with the right methods and media. This study aimed to measure the effect of health education with flip media on parent’s knowledge level about development of children with febrile seizures. This study was a quasi-experimental study with the one group pretest posttest design and using purposive sampling technique. The subjects of the study were 16 parents of children who had experienced febrile seizures. The instrument used a questionnaire and the interventions was health education using flip sheet media. The Marginal Homogeneity Test results showed that there was an effect of health education with flip sheet media on increasing parental knowledge with a p value = 0.005 (α = 0.05). It is recommended to use flip sheet media for health education for parents with febrile seizures.Key words: child development, febrile seizure, flip sheet, healt education, parent’s knowledge
HUBUNGAN KECEMASAN DAN BEBAN KELUARGA DENGAN KEMAMPUAN ANGGOTA KELUARGA MERAWAT PASIEN PERILAKU KEKERASAN DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA PROF. DR. SOEROJO MAGELANG
Authors: Permatasari Indah , Sundari Ririn Isma , Rahmawati Arni Nur
Published: November 2019

The number of people with mental disorders in Central Java 2012 is quite high. It is about 3.300-9.300 people. This number is only from the diagnosed patients. One of them is mental disorder of violent behavior. The data obtained from RSJ Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang about this disorder reached 643 patients from May to October 2017. Violent behavior raises anxiety and burdens on families who care the people with violent behavior. The objective of this research was to find out the anxiety and family burden relationships with family members ability in caring violent behavior patients in RSJ Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang. This research used cross sectional approach with 52 total of samples. The technique used was purposive sampling, and the research instruments were anxiety questionnaire (HARS), family burden (ZBI), families’ ability in caring violent behaviour patients and also spearmen rank statictic test. Theresult shows that there is the anxiety is on average level which is 48,1%, the burden is also in average level which is 59,6% and the caring ability is not good which is 63,3%. There is a relationship of anxiety with the ability of family members to treat patients with violent behavior. And there is a family burden relationship with the ability of family members to care for patients of violent behavior.
GAMBARAN MENGENAI STATUS KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT SERTA KEMANDIRIAN TOILET TRAINING PADA ANAK TUNAGRAHITA
Authors: Prawestri Gasik , Hartati Elis
Published: November 2019

Children with intellectual disabilities are one type of disabilities that frequently occur in Indonesia. The total number of children with intellectual disabilities in Semarang based on the data of poor citizens’ management information system (SIMGAKIN) in 2012 is 667 children. The condition of children with intellectual disabilities that occurs will result in a lack of self-care in maintaining health. Self-care such as good dental and oral hygiene status and toilet training independence is needed to deal with the problems of children with intellectual disabilities. The purpose of this study is to describe the dental and oral hygiene status and toilet training independence in children with intellectual disabilities. The research method used is descriptive with the quantitative method. The sampling technique used is a total sampling of 55 respondents. Retrieving data using OHI-S inspection sheet for dental and oral hygiene status and independence questionnaire for toilet training. The results showed that the depiction of the dental and oral hygiene status of children with intellectual disabilities in the category of good is 43.6%, medium is 50.9%, and poor is 5.5%, while the toilet training independence in the category of independent is 21.8%, less independent is 50.9%, and total dependence is 27.3 %. Schools are expected to facilitate the implementation of the program to maintain and improve self-care on dental and oral hygiene and independence in toilet training.
UPAYA PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN PADA KORBAN BANJIR ROB
Authors: Khasanah Nurul , Nurrahima Artika
Published: November 2019

The North Semarang region has a very high frequency of tidal flooding. Therefore, it is very necessary to maintain health for victims of tidal flooding. Health care efforts are useful to anticipate, and prevent health problems that may occur afterward. Previous research was still limited to address medication problems so that this study performed preventive health care efforts. This study aims to explore the experience of tidal flooding victims related to their health care efforts in Terboyo Wetan Village, District of Semarang Genuk, in 2019. This qualitative research was combined with a qualitative descriptive approach. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were further employed. The samples of this research were five participants selected using purposive sampling technique. Then, the data were analyzed by a method, namely thematic analysis. This study identified three themes, which include: (1) The impact of tidal flooding experienced by the community, (2) Health care efforts for victims of tidal flooding, and (3) Health services during tidal flooding. Health care efforts that have not been maximized are efforts to prevent the emergence of health problems due to tidal flooding as indicated by the limited use of boots, and inappropriate manners in maintaining sanitation, and health. Those can be observed from only a few participants who cleaned the house, and the environment properly. The efforts done by the participants are still considered less appropriate in preventing the spread of disease. In other words, health care efforts at the prevention stage have not been yet effective although the treatment stage has been already optimal. At last, to conduct further research regarding the factors that influence health care efforts for victims of tidal floods is also expected in the future.
Pengaruh Pemberian Teknik Relaksasi Benson terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Pasien Post Sectio Caesarea di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Cepu
Authors: Warsono Warsono , Fahmi Faradisa Yuanita , Iriantono Galuh
Published: November 2019

Sectio Caesarea memiliki efek samping diantaranya pada hari pertama pasca persalinan akan menimbulkan rasa nyeri yang hebat pada daerah insisi jaringan perut dan dinding uterus yang keadaarnya berbeda. Salah satu penatalaksaan nyeri non farmakologi pada pasien post oprasi adalah terapi teknik relaksasi benson, metode relaksasi benson merupakan pengembangan metode relaksasi pernafasan dengan melibatkan faktor keyakinan pada diri pasien. Mengetahui efektifitas  teknik relaksasi benson terhadap intensitas nyeri pada Ibu hamil post section caesarea di Ruang Wijaya Kusuma PKU Muhammadiyah Cepu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan mengunakan rancangan pra-pasca pemberian terapi (one-grup pre test – post test design). Populasi Semua ibu hamil dengan post section caesarea  di Ruang Wijaya Kusuma pada bulan Februari - Maret 2019, Sempel Penelitian sebayak 30 responden dengan mengunakan teknik accidental  sampling, Analisa data dengan mengunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil uji Wilcoxon p value ≤ 0.05 artinya ada pengaruh penurunan intensitas nyeri setelah diberikan teknik relaksasi benson Kesimpulan menunjukkan ada pengaruh yang signifikan pada pemberian teknik relaksasi benson terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri pasien post section caesarea. Sebagai saran Perawat sebaiknya menerapkan terapi non farmakologi teknik relaksi benson kepada pasien post section caesarea dan dijadikan SPO di rumah sakit dalam manajemen nyeri. Kata Kunci : Section Caesarea, Relaksasi Benson, Nyeri
Pengetahuan tentang Stroke, Faktor Risiko, Tanda Peringatan Stroke, dan Respon Mencari Bantuan pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik
Authors: Handayani Fitria
Published: November 2019

Among stroke ischemic survivor, disability was contributed the stroke prevention and respon in medical treatment engagement when onset. Prevention stroke also was influenced the stroke knowledge. Stroke konowledge invarious population have studied. Meanwhile the the knowledge of stroke, risk factor,  symtom warning stroke, and respon to medical treatment engagement was not established in Indonesia. The aim of the study was to investigate the stroke knowledge among stroke ischemic survivor. Method was descriptive study. The sample were 78 samples. Quetionaire was Stroke Knowledge Test (SKT). Ethic was conducted by Ethic Committe of Medical Faculty Diponegoro University. The Result Showed that the knowledge of stroke, risk factor,  symtom warning stroke, and respon to medical treatment engagement were poor. This result gain the good insight in developing nursing intervention.
Islam dan Demokrasi
Authors: Paralihan Hotmatua
Published: November 2019

Artikel ini mengeksplorasi hubungan demikrasi dan Islam. Demokrasi bukan saja tidak bertentangan dengan Islam, tetapi mewujudkan ajaran Islam itu wajib dalam kehidupan bernegara.  Banyak ayat-ayat al-Qur’an dan Hadits yang memerintahkan untuk bermusyawarah.  Juga dicontohkan oleh para shahabat Nabi, bahkan Tuhan menyatakan bahwa pemerintahan yang Islami adalah khilafah. Dan khilafah ditandai antara lain dengan syura (musyawarah). Dunia yang semakin menggelobal menciptakan keterkaitan, dan ketergantungan satu dengan yang lain semakin kuat, namun kenyataannya di masyarakat kesenjangan semakin menganga, baik antar individu mapun kelompok atau Negara. Menurut Ronald F. Inglehart, peneliti bidang ekonomi dan politik Universitas Michigen, “populis terjadi dua faktor, kesenjangan sosial, dan benturan kebudayaan”. Inilah diantara pemicu munculnya politik identitas. Dalam konteks ke Indonesiaan Politik Identitas dipersubur  antara lain: oleh kesenjangan sosial, lemahnya literasi, buruknya kelembagaan politik, polarisasi politik yang tidak merata. Politik identitas sesungguhnya bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam dan merusak sendi-sendi kehidupan bernegara bahkan bertentangan dengan nilai kemanusiaan, dan keadilan.
Kebangkitan Manusia di Akhirat Menurut Al-Ghazali Dan Ibnu Rusyd
Authors: Fauziah Ruyatul
Published: November 2019

The dogma of resurrection after death is a very interesting subject to discuses since it contains controversy among Moslem schoolers. It hase being by philosophers since medieval era. Al-Ghazali outlined rejection against the philosophers about bodily resurrection in his book entitled Tahafut al-Falasifah (Confusions of the Philosophers), precisely in the last issue of the twenty issuesdiscussing the absence of a physical generation. Responding to the attack, Ibnu Rushd appeared to defend the philosophers of the attack and pagan. It is in this context Ibnu Rushd wrote is book Tahafut al-Tahafut (The Ambiguity of the Book Ambiguity).Departing from this background the author proposes research questions as follows : 1). How the thought of Al-Ghazali and Ibnu Rushd about human resurrection in the afterlife. 2). What are the causes and implications of about Al-Ghazali, as and Ibnu Rushd different talk about human resurrection in the afterlife. Goals to a achiev from the study are : 1). to comprehend the thought ofAl-Ghazali and Ibn Rushd about human resurrection in the afterlife. 2). to determine the causes and implications of Al-Ghazali and Ibnu Rushd thoughts on the respective issue.In terms of methodology, the author follows several steps : Determinain data sources, collecting data, and arrange data, and analyzing data. Primary data is retrieved from Al-Ghazali’s book Tahafut al-Falasifah especially on the twenty issues and that of Ibnu Rushd Tahafut al-Tahafut. Secondary data is retrieved from books related to Al-Ghazali and Ibnu Rusyd. The collected datais analyzed by comparative method.Conclusions of this study are as follow: First, Al-Ghazali holds that the surrection will occur in body and soul. On the other hand, Ibnu Rushd and other philosophers maintain that the revival will occur only in soul. Secondly, the cause of this disagreement is the difference in interpreting the Qur’anic verses of resurrection. As for Ibnu Rushd, philosophers’ exegesis does not mean toreduce sense of primacy of the hearafter. Therefore, this implies that the philosophers should not be the subject of infidel accuse just because of their thoughts. Nevertheless, their exegesis to the verses should not be exposed publicly to general.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM MENYUSUN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI BIMBINGAN BERKELANJUTAN DI SMP NEGERI 3 PATILANGGIO SATAP KABUPATEN POHUWATO
Authors: Supardin Supardin
Published: November 2019

Abstrak

Bimbingan berkelanjutan dapat meningkatkan motivasi guru dalam menyusun RPP dengan lengkap. Guru menunjukkan keseriusan dalam memahami dan menyusun RPP apalagi setelah mendapatkan bimbingan pengembangan/penyusunan RPP. Informasi ini diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan pada saat mengadakan wawancara dan bimbingan pengembangan/ penyusunan RPP kepada para guru. Bimbingan berkelanjutan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun RPP. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari hasil observasi/ pengamatan yang memperlihatkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun RPP dari siklus ke siklus. Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata komponen RPP 69% dan pada siklus II menjadi 83%. Jadi terjadi peningkatan 14% dari siklus I.
Model Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar
Authors: Setiani Sri Astuti
Published: November 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran teams games tournament (TGT) untuk meningkatkan kreativitas siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMK 8 Semarang Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018. Pemilihan sampel dengan menggunakan random sampling, digunakan kelas X1 sebagai kelas kontrol dan X2 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Kelas eksperimen diajar dengan pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT), sedangkan kelas kontrol menggunakan pembelajaran ceramah. Metode pengambilan data dengan dokumentasi data mid semester dan metode tes untuk menentukan hasil belajar siswa yang kemudian dianalisis dengan uji ketuntasan dan uji perbedaan rata-rata. Hasil penelitian adalah hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen mencapai ketuntasan belajar lebih baik daripada dengan metode ceramah.
PEMAHAMAN PELAKU BISNIS ONLINE ATAS ATURAN PERPAJAKAN: SEBUAH PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: Lestari Agni Metta , Damayanti Theresia Woro
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat  pemahaman wajib pajak pelaku bisnis online shop mengenai peraturan perpajakan yang menjadi tanggungjawabnya. Metode penelitian yang digunaan ialah metode deskriptif. 30 wajib pajak yang berprofesi sebagai pengusaha online shop yang berdomisili di kota Salatiga menjadi responden dalam penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa wajib pajak pelaku bisnis online shop sebagian besar sudah memahami peraturan perpajakan yang menjadi tanggungjawabnya. Manfaat dari penelitian dapat dijadikan alat pertimbangan untuk pemerintah dalam pengambilan kebijakan perpajakan untuk pengusaha online shop, bagi pengusaha online shop sendiri dapat bermanfaat untuk menambah pmahaman dalam hal perpajakan dan untuk masyarakat sebagai perluasan wawasan dalam bidang perpajakan.
PENGARUH RISIKO KEUANGAN DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PERATAAN LABA
Authors: Leviany Tevi , Sukiati Wiwin , Syahkurah Melinda
Published: November 2019

Perataan Laba adalah proses memanipulasi profit waktu pendapatan atau laporan pendapatan untuk membuat laporan laba menjadi kurang bervariasi. Perataan laba dilakukan untuk meredam fluktuasi pendapatan ke suatu tingkat tertentu dengan menggunakan prinsip-prinsip akuntansi yang berlaku umum. Ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi Perataan laba diantaranya Risiko Keuangan dan Nilai Perusahaan . Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui apakah pengaruh Risiko Keuangan dan Nilai Perusahaan terhadap Perataan Laba. Metodologi Penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan asosiatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2013-2017 dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa Risiko Keuangan dan Nilai Perusahaan tidak berpengaruh secara parsial dan simultan terhadap Perataan Laba dengan hasil uji Z probabilitas Risiko Keuangan adalah 0,8167 > 0,05 dan probabilitas Nilai Perusahaan 0,3878 > 0,05. Sedangkan Uji LR menunjukan nilai probabilitas 0,620465 > 0,05.
Food security implications of biofuel production
Authors: Mendoza Teodoro
Published: November 2019

Producing liquid biofuel for cars to address the declining oil supply requires the same resources or inputs (land, water, initial energy or oil, fertilizer and machineries) as in producing food for humans. As early as the 1980s, all the prime lands in the world are already used for agri-and-aquaculture (1970s for the Philippines. Biofuel production consumed water (up to 10,000L of water/L ethanol). At present, 74% of water is used to irrigate food crops. Only 1% water is now used for biofuel but this water consumption will increase to 80% if the biofuel production plan materializes. One out of three individuals in the world is now suffering from water scarcity. Global warming/ global climate change, droughts, more forest fires and high evaporation triggered by high temperature will further magnify the diminishing supply of fresh water both for agriculture and domestic use (household and industries).

The simple linear thought is…..more crops for food or biofuel = more lands and water use = more fertilizer or oil use = more erosion = more greenhouse gas emission.

Biofuels have forced global food prices up by 75%, a World Bank study showed. In 2007, 100 metric tons (Mt) of grains were processed into biofuel. This precipitated to food price spikes in the following year. It is clear that without biofuel in the food equation, there will be enough food. As more money is spent for food, food price spikes have caused 100 million people to be below poverty line and food riots in 36 countries. About 3 billion people are now affected especially those who spend 6070% of their income on food. There aremany options other than biofuel such as solar, wind, and wave. The technology is now in place for solar- powered and battery/electric or hybrid cars for transport. In the Philippines (a tropical country), geothermal, hydroelectric, wind and solar power, are so abundant. They remain to be tapped.
Isolation and Characterization of An Endosulfan-Degrading Strain, Stenotrophomonas sp. LD-6, and its Potential in Soil Bioremediation
Authors: YU FANG-BO , SHINAWAR WASEEM ALI , SUN ING-YA , LUO LIN-PING
Published: November 2019

Aerobic bacteria degrading endosulfan were isolated from contaminated sludge. One of the isolates, LD-6, was identified as Stenotrophomonas sp. The bacterium could utilize endosulfan as the sole source of carbon and sulfur. 100 mg/l endosulfan was completely degraded within 10 days, and endosulfan diol and endosulfan ether were detected as major metabolites with a slight decrease in culture pH. The results indicated that Stenotrophomonas. sp. LD-6 might degrade endosulfan by a non-oxidative pathway. Biodegradation of both isomers was relatively better at a temperature range of 25-35 degrees C, with a maximum at 30 degrees C. In addition, cell crude extract of strain LD-6 could metabolize endosulfan rapidly, and degradative enzymes were intracellular distributed and constitutively expressed. Besides, application of the strain was found to promote the removal of endosulfan in soil. This study might help with the future research in better understanding of the biodegradation.
Pathogenicity and Ultrastructural Studies of the Mode of Penetration by Phoma strasseri in Peppermint Stems and Rhizomes
Authors: ZIMOWSKA BEATA
Published: November 2019

Pathogenicity and ultrastructural investigation of the inoculation of peppermint stems and rhizomes with Phoma strasseri conidia was undertaken using scanning and transmission electron microscopy to examine the host-parasite relationship. Pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that all tested P. strasseri isolates had infected the stems and rhizomes of peppermint. Of all inoculation methods, direct placement of colonized agar plugs on damaged epidermis and soaking stems and rhizomes in conidial suspension were the most effective. The behavior of the conidia deposited on the stems and rhizomes was investigated at different time intervals after inoculation: 6, 16, 24, 36 and 48 h. Conidia produced an appressorium directly at the end of a short germ tube. Appressoria were formed over the cuticle, but never over stomata. Direct penetration to host tissue through the cuticle was observed. The spore and hyphae were covered with a mucilaginous sheath.
Protein Profiles from Intact Cells as a Tool in Bifidobacterium Characteristics
Authors: WAŚKO ADAM , POLAK-BERECKA MAGDALENA , KALITA MICHAŁ
Published: November 2019

In this study sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) profiles were analysed and differences were confirmed by a unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis between bifidobacterial species, such as B. infanis ATCC1567, B. bifidum Bb-12, B. longum KN29, B. catenulatum KD14, and B. animalis BI30. Two dimensional electrophoresis separation profiles were compared, and the most characteristic spots were characterized by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We propose proteins extracted from intact cells as an additional trait for bifidobacteria characterization, together with molecular techniques, which can be used to analyze bacterial protein polymorphism and to distinguish among species.
Molecular Identification of Polyhydroxyalkanoates-Producing Bacteria Isolated from Enriched Microbial Community
Authors: CIESIELSKI SŁAWOMIR , POKOJ TOMASZ , MOŻEJKO JUSTYNA , KLIMIUK EWA
Published: November 2019

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are especially interesting because of their similar properties to synthetic plastics and their potential use as biodegradable polymers. Many strategies have been employed to effectively and economically produce PHAs, among them a production process based on mixed microbial populations, enriched from activated sludge could be one of the alternative technologies. Defining the bacterial species creating these anonymous populations is crucial for the improvement of cultivation strategy. Moreover, enriched bacterial populations could be a promising source for microbes, useful in many biotechnological projects. The main object of this study was to characterize the microorganisms creating the microbial consortium cultured towards PHAs production. After cultivation, bacteria were identified using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach. The presence of genes engaged in PHAs synthesis was detected using PCR. The performed analysis revealed that among eleven isolated bacterial strains, four possessed the ability of polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis.
Pathogenicity of Some Fusarium Species Associated with Superficial Blemishes of Potato Tubers
Authors: GASHGARI RUKAIA M. , GHERBAWY YOUSSUF A.
Published: November 2019

As an organ for reserve and propagation, the tuber grows underground and is in contact with soil-borne microorganisms, making it potentially exposed to blemishes. Therefore, the objective of this study was the possibility of using some modern methods of molecular diagnostics and detection of the presence of fungal contaminants in potato blemishes in Al-Qasim (Saudi Arabia). Polygonal lesions were the most observed blemish type in the collected samples. One hundred and sixty isolates were recovered from different types of blemishes obtained in this study. Fusarium, Penicillium, Ilyonectria, Alternaria and Rhizoctonia were the most common genera collected from different blemish types. Using ITS region sequencing, all collected fungi were identified at the species level. All Fusarium strains collected during this study were used to detect their pathogenicity against potato tubers. This is the first comprehensive report on the identification of major pathogenic fungi isolated from potato tuber blemishes in Saudi Arabia.
Production and Characterization of Esterase in Lantinus tigrinus for Degradation of Polystyrene
Authors: TAHIR LUBNA , ISHTIAQ ALI MUHAMMAD , ZIA MUHAMMAD , ATIQ NAIMA , HASAN FARIHA , AHMED SAFIA
Published: November 2019

Polystyrene is considered stable to biological degradation. Lantinus tigrinus isolated from wood sample produced esterase in growth medium under normal conditions. However, acidic medium, 37 degrees C temperature, presence of tween 80; and urea and yeast extract in mineral salt medium enhance the production of esterase and specific activity. Purified esterase was active at broad pH range and 45 degrees C. FTIR analysis confirmed that esterase produced by Lantinus tigrinus effectively degraded polystyrene film and broke macromolecules down to non-toxic molecules. This study concludes that the presence of Lantinus tigrinus at dumping sites can be exploited for waste management containing high molecular weight synthetic polymers.
Isolation of Cultivable Microorganisms from Polish Notes and Coins
Authors: KALITA MICHAŁ , PALUSIŃSKA-SZYSZ MARTA , TURSKA-SZEWCZUK ANNA , WDOWIAK-WRÓBEL SYLWIA , URBANIK-SYPNIEWSKA TERESA
Published: November 2019

The potential role of currency in the spread of pathogenic microflora has been evaluated in many countries. In this study Polish paper notes and the coins in general circulation were assayed for the presence of cultivable bacteria and fungi. Bacterial isolates identification was based on cultural and biochemical characters and by comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. Fungal isolates were recognized with biochemical and morphological criteria. Coagulase-negative staphylococci, (43.6% of the total bacterial count) including Staphylococcus saprophyticus, S. epidermidis, and S. hominis, and Enteroccus spp. (30.8% of the total bacterial count), i.e. E.faecalis, E.faecium and E. durans, were the most numerous bacterial contamination. Penicillium spp., and Aspergillus spp. were the most frequently detected moulds whereas Candida spp. was the most frequent yeast isolated from currency. A visible dependence between the banknote denomination, the physical condition of paper currency, and the number of bacteria and fungi was found. The overall count of bacteria isolated from currency was thousand-fold higher than that of fungal isolates. The total amount of bacteria and fungi recovered from the coins was approximately 2.7-fold lower than that isolated from the notes. In summary, the Polish currency notes were found to be contaminated mainly with commensal bacteria and fungi while the opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas stutzeri and C. albicans were detected at a low frequency.