bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Understaffing on Delaying Early-Stage SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak Detection
Authors: WADJIDOU BOUKARI , Todorovic Ivana , Fenjie Long
Published: September 2020

Background Having a minimum number of workers in medical services is widely regarded as a key component of disease prevention. However, with the delay in confirming cases of SARS-CoV-2, the understaffed medical providers informed late and the virus has rapidly spread nationally. Methods This study, based on the Dempster-Shafer theory method and Evidential Reasoning, assesses the risks posed by understaffing for the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Results The findings examine six (6) factor risks and show that the understaffing risk in 2019 was 0.14% in magnitude in Wuhan, compared to 0.27% in Shenzhen. When ranking understaffing risks from low to high, the findings show that they increased from 3.979 to 3.983% and from 3.998 to 4.002% in Wuhan and Shenzhen, respectively. Conclusions We first conclude that from the SARS-CoV-1 to the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, understaffing risk equally increased at 0.004% in both cities. However, Shenzhen city is at a higher risk than Wuhan city. Second, Shenzhen understaffing delayed SARS-CoV-2 outbreak prevention 0.13% more than Wuhan city. We generally conclude that Shenzhen city could be doubly worse off than Wuhan city if it was the epicenter of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Therefore, public health care training and employment policy must be optimized to complete the lack not only in both cities but also in other cities to prevent future outbreaks.
A machine learning based forecast model for the COVID-19 pandemic and investigation of the impact of government intervention on COVID-19 transmission in China
Authors: Lu Xingcheng , Yuan Dehao , Chen Wanying , Fung Jimmy
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has killed over 0.3 million people, disrupted people’s normal lives, and severely restricted economic activities globally. In this work, a model for the next-day COVID-19 prediction in China was built based on the ensemble back-propagation neural network machine learning technique, Baidu migration index, internal travel flow index, and confirmed cases from the previous days. The 10-fold cross-validation results showed that the model performs well in estimating the next-day confirmed cases with a correlation coefficient of 0.97. To investigate the impacts of government interventions on the spread of this new coronavirus infection, the Baidu migration index and internal travel flow index multiplied by a factor of two were input into the trained machine learning model, and the results showed that the confirmed cases in the analyzed cities would increase dramatically. The correlation between the daily new confirmed cases and some meteorological factors were also analyzed, and the results revealed that these factors are not dominant in influencing the spread of this disease. Overall, the results of this work suggest that besides early diagnosis and medical treatment, a city lockdown policy is one of the most effective methods in suppressing the rapid spread of COVID-19.
Lithium Administered to Pregnant, Lactating and Neonatal Rats: Entry into Developing Brain.
Authors: Saunders Norman Ruthven , Chiou Shene Yi-Shiuan , Kysenius Kai , Habgood Mark David , Huang Yifan , Koehn Liam M , Crouch Peter J. , Dziegielewska Katarzyna Magdalena
Published: September 2020

BackgroundLittle is known about the extent of drugs administered to pregnant and lactating women entering the developing brain. Lithium is one of the most commonly prescribed drugs for bipolar disorder. Here we studied transfer of lithium given to dams, into blood, brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in embryonic, postnatal and adult rats.MethodsLithium chloride in a clinically relevant dose (3.2mg/Kg body weight) was injected intraperitoneally into pregnant (E15-18) and lactating dams (birth-P16) or directly into postnatal pups (P0-P16). Acute treatment involved a single injection; chronic treatment involved twice daily injections for the duration of the experiment. Following terminal anaesthesia blood plasma, CSF and brains were collected. Lithium levels and brain distribution were measured using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS).Results Lithium was detected in blood, CSF and brain of all fetal and postnatal pups following lithium treatment of dams. Its concentration in pups’ blood was consistently below that in maternal blood (30-35%) indicating significant protection by the placenta and breast tissue. Levels of lithium in plasma fluctuated in different treatment groups but its concentration in CSF was stable at all ages, in agreement with known stable levels of endogenous ions in CSF. Only a small non-significant increase of lithium transfer into CSF occurred following application of Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitor (Digoxin) in vivo, indicating that Na+/K+ ATPase is at most only a minor mechanism for lithium transfer across choroid plexus cells into CSF early in development. Presumably lithium transfer across choroid plexus epithelial cell is occurring predominantly via other ion channels. ConclusionsInformation obtained on the distribution of lithium in developing brain provides a basis for studying possible deleterious effects on brain development and behaviour in offspring of mothers undergoing lithium therapy.
Structurally different lysophosphatidylethanolamine species stimulate neurite outgrowth in cultured cortical neurons via distinct signaling pathway
Authors: Hisano Kazutoshi , Kawase Shiori , Mimura Tetsuhiko , Yamada Hiroki , Haniu Hisao , Tsukahara Tamotsu , Kurihara Taiga , Matsuda Yoshikazu , Saito Naoto , Uemura Takeshi
Published: September 2020

Neurite outgrowth is important in neuronal circuit formation and functions, and for regeneration of neuronal networks following trauma and disease in the brain. Thus, identification and characterization of the molecules that regulate neurite outgrowth are essential for understanding how brain circuits form and function and for the development of treatment of neurological disorders. In this study, we found that lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), one of the lysophospholipids, influences neurite outgrowth in cultured cortical neurons. Extracellular application of either of the structurally different LPE spices, palmitoyl LPE (16:0 LPE) and stearoyl LPE (18:0 LPE) dramatically increased the areas of axon and dendrite without affecting the neuronal viability. Subsequent analysis revealed that both LPEs increased the length of neurite in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, inhibition of phospholipase C, one of the effectors for G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated signaling pathways, inhibited 18:0 LPE-stimulated neurite outgrowth but not 16:0 LPE-stimulated neurite outgrowth. The effects of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors on neurite outgrowth were also different. Inhibitor against PKCα, β, δ, ε, η, and θ inhibited both 16:0 LPE- and 18:0 LPE-induced neurite outgrowth. In contrast, an inhibitor against PKCα, β, γ, δ, and ζ inhibited the 18:0 LPE effect but not the 16:0 LPE effect. We also found that both 16:0 LPE and 18:0 LPE activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. There was no substantial difference in the amount of phosphorylated MAPK/ERK1/2 between 16:0 LPE and 18:0 LPE-treated cultures. MAPK inhibitor completely inhibited 18:0 LPE-induced neurite outgrowth and partially inhibited 16:0 LPE-induced neurite outgrowth. Thus, the effect of the MAPK inhibitor differed between the 16:0 LPE- and 18:0 LPE-treated cultures. Collectively, the results suggest that the structurally different LPE species, 16:0 LPE and 18:0 LPE stimulate neurite outgrowth through the distinct signaling cascades in cultured cortical neurons.
Connection Between EIF3S3 Polymorphisms and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis
Authors: Yang Chao , Du Peng , Lu Wei
Published: September 2020

Background: EIF3S3 that encodes a p40 subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3), has been reported overexpression in several human malignancies. The expression of EIF3S3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its clinical role in the disease progression is still unclear. Here we aimed to study the effect of EIF3S3 on HCC prognosis.Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain-reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to assess the mRNA levels of EIF3S3 in 120 HCC tissues samples and 60 adjacent noncancerous specimens. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis was used to study the prognostic value of EIF3S3.Results: The expression of EIF3S3 was significantly increased in HCC compared to the expression found in adjacent tissues (P<0.001). Furthermore, high EIF3S3 expression was positively correlated with vascular invasion, tumor size, cirrhosis, AFP levels and TNM stage (all P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high EIF3S3 expression had worse overall survival (OS) (P<0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (P<0.001) than those with low EIF3S3 expression. In addition, multivariable analysis revealed that EIF3S3 could be an independent prognostic factor of OS (P<0.001) and DFS (P<0.001) for patients with HCC.Conclusion: The results suggested that EIF3S3 might serve as a promising prognostic factor for OS and DFS of HCC patients.
Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Behaviours on Malaria Prevention in Zambezia Province, Mozambique
Authors: Fonseca Liliana da , Arroz Jorge Harrison , Martins Maria do Rosario O. , Hartz Zulmira , Negrao Nuria W , Muchanga Victor , Cossa Amadeu
Published: September 2020

Background: In Mozambique, the socio-economic and cultural factors influence the wide adoption of disease preventive measures, which is relevant for malaria control strategies that rely on early recognition of disease, prompt seeking of medical care, sleeping under mosquito nets, and taking intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women. However, there is a critical information gap regarding to previous and ongoing malaria Social Behaviour Communication (SBC) interventions. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and behaviours of the beneficiaries of SBC interventions. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was undertaken in 2018 in two rural districts of Zambezia province, Mozambique. A structured questionnaire was administered to 773 randomly selected households. Respondents are the heads of the households, adults above 18 years old. Descriptive statistics were done.Results: The main results show that around 96.4 % respondents recalled hearing about malaria in the previous 6 months and 90.0% had knowledge on malaria prevention and 70.0% on preventive measures ; from 97.7% respondents that received bed nets through the mass bed net distribution campaign, 81.7% slept under a bed net the night before the survey; 70.5 % recognized the role of community volunteers in the dissemination of malaria prevention messages; 76.1 % of respondents considered worship places (churches and mosques) to be the main places where they heard key messages on malaria prevention and 79.1 % asserted that community dialogue sessions helped them better understand how to prevent malaria.Conclusions: Results show that the volunteers/activists/teachers have played an important role in the dissemination of key malaria prevention messages which brought the following successes: community actors are recognized and people have knowledge on malaria transmission, signs and symptoms, preventive measures, and where to get treatment. There is room for improvement on the SBC messaging regarding some malaria symptoms (anaemia and convulsions); and operational research is needed to ascertain the drivers of malaria prevalence and social and behaviour communication approach.
Designing and Implementing Health Concerns Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic: Explorative Study
Authors: Rostamzadeh Mehran , Zamani Narges , Haddadi Arya
Published: September 2020

Background Coronavirus and its psychological impacts on people have been taken into attention by scholars due to the psychosocial crisis. Fear, worry, and psychological agitation are common experiences due to uncertainties in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a comprehensive research for finding the methods of intervention to these psychological health issues based on presumable concerns.Method a multi-stage mixed study conducted in 3 stages. Stage one was a qualitative study to prioritizing and determining concerns about coronavirus with an in-depth semi-structured interview. Stage two was another qualitative study to design an appropriate intervention through the Nominal group technique (NGT) by collecting the brainstorming’s health specialists or expert panel. Stage three was a quantitative study to determine the effect of BETTER therapy; the counseling method as a clinical intervention for high-risk populations who were randomly assigned to experimental or intervention and control groups. Results In stage one, participants expressed five main concerns about COVID-19. In stage two, the health concern like inaccurate information and unpredictable disease were identified as the priority concerns preceded in designing the intervention. In stage three, a significant difference between the two groups presents the clinical intervention was effective in improving performance, marital intimacy, and reducing the subjects’ distress.
Whole Exome Sequencing Identified Novel Mutation in SUOX Gene Causes Extremely Rare Autosomal Recessive Isolated Sulfite Oxidase Deficiency
Authors: Zhang Rui , Hao Yajing , Xu Ying , Qin Jiale , Wang Yanfang , Dey Subrata Kumar , Li Chen , Wang Huilin , Banerjee Santasree
Published: September 2020

Background: Isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency (ISOD) is the rarest types of life-threatening neurometabolic disorders characterized by neonatal intractable seizures and severe developmental delay with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. ISOD is extremely rare and only 29 mutations have been identified and reported worldwide. Germline mutation in SUOX gene causes ISOD. Results: Here, we investigated a 5-days old Chinese girl, presented with intermittent tremor or seizures of limbs, neonatal encephalopathy, subarachnoid cyst and haemorrhage, dysplasia of corpus callosum, neonatal convulsion, respiratory failure, cardiac failure, hyperlactatemia, severe metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia, moderate anemia, atrioventricular block and complete right bundle branch block. Karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis were performed and identified no chromosomal abnormalities in the proband. Whole exome sequencing was performed for the proband. Sanger sequencing was performed for the proband and her family members. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel heterozygous deletion (c.1406_1421delCCTGGCAGGTGGCTAA) and a previously reported heterozygous substitution (c.1200C>G) in exon 6 of the SUOX gene in the proband. The novel heterozygous deletion leads to frameshift (p.Thr469Serfs*20) which results into the formation of a truncated sulfite oxidase of 488 amino acids. The substitution leads to a premature stop codon (p.Tyr400*) followed by the formation of a truncated sulfite oxidase of 399 amino acids. Hence, both the variants are loss-of-function variants. The proband’s father and mother is carrying the substitution and deletion in a heterozygous state respectively. These two variants were not identified in the elder brother of the proband as well as in the 100 healthy individuals. Conclusion: Here, we reported the first variant of SUOX gene associated ISOD in Chinese population. Our study not only expand the mutational spectrum of SUOX gene associated ISOD, but also strongly suggested the application of whole exome sequencing for identifying the novel disease-causing mutation in candidate genes.
Adverse impact of renin-angiotensin system blockade on the clinical course in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lim Jeong-Hoon , Cho Jang-Hee , Jeon Yena , Kim Ji Hye , Lee Ga Young , Jeon Soojee , Noh Hee Won , Lee Yong-Hoon , Lee Jaehee , Chang Hyun-Ha , Jung Hee-Yeon , Choi Ji-Young , Park Sun-Hee , Kim Chan-Duck , Kim Yong-Lim , Kim Shin-Woo
Published: September 2020

We investigated the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) and the risk of mortality in hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients. A retrospective cohort study was performed on all hospitalized COVID-19 patients in tertiary hospitals in Daegu, Korea. Patients were classified based on whether they received ACE-I or ARB before COVID-19 diagnosis. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for the analysis of survival. Of 130 COVID-19 patients, 30 (23.1%) who received ACE-I or ARB showed an increased the risk of in-hospital mortality (adjusted HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.04 to 4.44; P = 0.038). ACE-I or ARB were also associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome or mechanical ventilation (adjusted OR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.18 to 9.69; P = 0.024), and acute kidney injury or shock (adjusted OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.04 to 7.56; P = 0.042). Among the patients with ACE-I or ARB, 14 (46.7%) discontinued the therapy and the cessation was associated with a higher mortality rate. ACE-I or ARB therapy in severe COVID-19 patients was associated with occurrence of severe complications and increased in-hospital mortality. Discontinuation of ACE-I or ARB in patients with more severe COVID-19 was not associated with improvement of mortality.
Momentum Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 Sequences on Variant Maps
Authors: Li Xinmei , Zheng Jeffrey
Published: September 2020

Applying momentum measures and probability distributions, a visual scheme is proposed in this paper to transfer SARS-CoV-2 genomes to two distinct maps to be the A6 module of the MAS. Based on collected datasets of SARS-CoV-2 on different countries as examples, relevant characteristics and correlation of probability distributions are described. In visualization of two patterns under momentum measurement, there are two visual forms of Pattern 1 and Pattern 2. Two forms are generated from the same sequence on different focuses. Pattern 1 describes the momentum distribution of a segment accounting for whole genomes, and Pattern 2 visualizes the differences in momentum distributions on various segments.This is a new type of analysis measurement to explore complex connections and differences among sets of SARSCoV-2 genomes for their availability.
Observing Variations of Differences on COVID-19 in Varous Regions Extracting Type and Mutation Information
Authors: Liu Jianzhong , Zheng Jeffrey
Published: September 2020

Covid-19 genomes were collected from three regions: Shanghai-China, Tbilisi-Georgia and Sydney-Australia. Five similar genomes were selected from each region for research in this paper. Applying the "datum gene sequence" method proposed, our results show that variation is immense in the Sydney-Australia region, followed by variation in the Tbilisi-Georgia region, which has a minimal value in the Shanghai-China region.
Thyroid Hormones Predict ICU Mortality After Cardiopulmonary bypass in Congenital Heart Disease Patients Under 3 Months Old
Authors: Yu Di , Zou Liang , Cun Yueshuang , Li Yaping , Wang Qingfeng , Shu Yaqin , Mo Xuming
Published: September 2020

Backgroup: To study the effectiveness of thyroid hormones in predicting intensive care unit (ICU) mortality after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods: We retrospective observational analyzed data from 133 patients under 3 months old who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB from June 2017 to November 2019.ICU mortality prediction was assessed by multivariate binary logistic regression analysis and area under the curve (AUC) analysis. Results: Non-survivors were younger (17.46±17.10 days vs. 38.63±26.87 days, P=0.006), with a higher proportion of neonates (9/13 vs. 41/120, P=0.017) and a higher proportion of individuals with Risk Adjustment in Congenital Heart Surgery-1 (RACHS-1) score ≥4 (8/13 vs. 31/120, P=0.020). No significant difference was found in CPB and aortic cross-clamping (ACC) time. The levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3) (3.91±0.99 pmol/L vs. 5.11±1.55 pmol/L, P=0.007) and total triiodothyronine (TT3) (1.55±0.35 nmol/L vs. 1.90±0.57 nmol/L, P=0.032) were higher in survivors compared with non-survivors. In the ICU mortality prediction assessment, only FT3 was an independent mortality predictor and showed a good AUC (0.856 ± 0.040). Conclusion: FT3 was a powerful and the only independent predictor of ICU mortality in CHD infants under 3 months old after CPB.
On the issue of suspension of the front carriages of the running system of a feller buncher
Authors: Александров В.А. , Александров А.В. , Гомон Д.Ю.
Published: September 2020

Разработана динамическая модель системы «валочно-пакетирующая машина – предмет труда – дерево». Математическое описание составлено в форме уравнения Лагранжа 2-го рода. Система дифференциальных уравнений решена относительно упругой деформации манипулятора. Апробация модели осуществлена на примере серийно выпускаемой валочно-пакетирующей машины ЛП-19А.

In article the dynamic model of system is developed «the operator-skidding tractor – tree bunch». The mathematical description is worked out in the form of the equation of Lagranzha second number. The system of the equation is volved concerning elastic deformation of the suspension seats. Model approbation is carried out on an example of serially felling and skidding machine LP-19A.
Vibration effect to the operator of feller buncher in the mode of starting from the place
Authors: Александров В.А. , Александров А.В. , Лузанова Л.Н.
Published: September 2020

Разработана модель динамической системы: «оператор – валочно- пакетирующая машина – предмет труда – дерево». Математическое описание составлено в форме уравнения Лагранжа 2-го рода. Система уравнений решена относительно деформации упругой связи сидения с корпусом машины методом Рунге–Кутта, с помощью среды программирования MathCAD. Апробация модели осуществлена на примере серийно выпускаемых валочно- пакетирующих машин ЛП-19А в режиме разгона при трогании с места. Установлено, что вибронагруженность операторов ВПМ превышает санитарные нормы в 1,8–3,6 раза. Для снижения вибронагруженности операторов целесообразно ограничивать ускорения трогания машины с места до 0,4 м/с2.

In article the model of biodynamic system is developed «the operator – feller – the packaging car (feller – buncher machine) – an object of the labor – a tree». The mathematical description is worked out in the form of the equation of Lagranzha second number. The system of the equations is solved concerning elastic deformation suspension seats of the operator by a method of Runge–Kutta, by engineering math software MathCAD. Model approbation is carried out on an example of serially let out feller-packaging cars LP-19A in the dispersal mode at start-off from the place. As a result of researches it is established: vibroloading operators of feller-packaging cars exceeds the sanitary code in 1.8–3.6 times. For decrease vibroloading operators it is expedient to limit accelerations at start-off from the place to 0.4 m/s2.
Modeling of T-16M self-propelled chassis’ diesel engine starting motor energy capacity
Authors: Маничев Д.Н. , Мясищев Д.Г.
Published: September 2020

Приведена разработка математической модели расхода топлива в режиме пуска двигателя пусковым устройством. Проведено сравнение с результатами исследовательских испытаний. Целевой функцией в математической модели является часовой расход топлива всей рассматриваемой системы МП-5 «Урал-2Т ЭЛЕКТРОН» – двигатель Д-21А1. Целью работы является описание математической модели для данной логической системы. При данном подходе также использованы основы оценки топливной экономичности колесных малогабаритных лесотранспортных систем. После проведения математических расчетов получили часовой расход топлива В = 1,24 кг/ч. Проведение исследовательских испытаний запуска двигателя трактора Т-16М при помощи ПУ в зимний период показали, что часовой расход топлива В = 1,28 кг/ч. Таким образом, погрешность теоретических расчетов и исследовательских испытаний составляет 6%. Сравнение теоретических и практических результатов позволяет сделать следующие выводы: теория, построенная на математической модели, дает результаты, наиболее близкие к экспериментальным с расхождением 6%; разработанная теоретическая модель входит в постановку задачи оптимизации компонентов пускового привода.

The article is devoted to development of mathematical model of fuel consumption of the engine started by a starter as well as comparison with the results of the researches. Hourly fuel consumption of the MP-5 «Ural-2T ELECTRON» – engine D- 21A1 system represents the target function of the mathematical model. The aim of the article is to describe a mathematical model for the given logical system. As a result of mathematical calculations the hourly fuel consumption is B = 1.24 kg/h. Research tests of starting the T-16M tractor engine by the starter in winter conditions showed that the hourly fuel consumption B = 1.28 kg/h. Thus, discrepancy between theoretical calculations and research tests is 6%. Comparison of theoretical and practical results leads to following conclusions: theory based on the mathematical model gives results closest to experimental ones with a discrepancy of 6%; the developed theoretical model can be included into the task of starting drive components' optimization.
The establishment of square elements of garden landscapes using GIS-technologies
Authors: Нгуен Т.Т. , Демидова П.М. , Ковязин В.Ф.
Published: September 2020

Садово-парковые ландшафты являются частью городских лесов Санкт- Петербурга. Они выполняют средообразующие функции, являются основой градостроительства и нуждаются в кадастровом учете. Для учета зеленых насаждений общего пользования нужна картографическая и семантическая база данных об элементах садово-парковых ландшафтов. При разработке кадастра растительности необходим учет всех объектов города с учетом каждого элемента озеленения: общей площади; площади, занятой деревьями, кустарниками, газонами, цветниками и прочей недвижимостью на объекте исследований. Целостное представление о садово-парковых ландшафтах может дать их картографическое изображение и использование современных географических информационных систем (ГИС). Результаты обследований зеленых насаждений нужны для целей грамотного управления растительными ресурсами и разработки Генерального плана Санкт-Петербурга.

Landscape gardens and parks are part of the urban forests of St. Petersburg. They perform environmental functions, are the basis of urban planning and need cadastral registration. To account for public green spaces need a cartographic and semantic database of elements of landscape gardening. When developing the cadastre of vegetation, it is necessary to take into account all the objects of the city, taking into account each element of landscaping: the total area, the area of trees, shrubs, lawns, flower beds and other real estate at the research object. A holistic view of the landscape of gardens and parks can give a cartographic image and the use of modern geographic information systems (GIS). The results of surveys of green spaces are necessary for the purposes of competent management of plant resources of St. Petersburg.
Construction of neural network classification of Fisher irises based on JavaScript
Authors: Заяц A.М. , Хабаров С.П.
Published: September 2020

Рассматривается процедура выбора структуры и параметров нейронной сети для классификации набора данных, известного как Ирисы Фишера, который включает в себя данные о 150 экземплярах растений трех различных видов. Предложен подход к решению данной задачи без использования дополнительных программных средств и мощных нейросетевых пакетов с использованием только средств стандартного браузера ОС. Это потребовало реализации ряда процедур на JavaScript c их подгрузкой в разработанную интерфейсную HTML-страницу. Исследование большого числа различных структур многослойных нейронных сетей, обучаемых на основе алгоритма обратного распространения ошибки, позволило выбрать для тестового набора данных структуру нейронной сети всего с одним скрытым слоем из трех нейронов. Это существенно упрощает реализацию классификатора Ирисов Фишера, позволяя его оформить в виде загружаемой с сервера HTML-страницы.

The procedure for selecting the structure and parameters of the neural network for the classification of a data set known as Iris Fisher, which includes data on 150 plant specimens of three different species, is considered. An approach to solving this problem without using additional software and powerful neural network packages using only the tools of the standard OS browser is proposed. This required the implementation of a number of JavaScript procedures with their loading into the developed HTML interface page. The study of a large number of different structures of multilayer neural networks, trained on the basis of the back-propagation error algorithm, made it possible to choose the structure of a neural network with only one hidden layer of three neurons for a test dataset. This greatly simplifies the implementation of the Fisher Iris classifier, allowing it to be formatted as an HTML page downloaded from the server.
Mathematical model of the interaction of wheeled skidder with skid trail in the rotate mode
Authors: Као Х.Ж. , Кочнев А.М. , Нгуен Л.Л.
Published: September 2020

Вопросам взаимодействия колесного трелевочного трактора с пачкой древесины и волоком в режиме поворота уделяется недостаточно внимания. Разработанные математические модели не учитывают такие важные свойства объекта исследования, как упругодемпфирующие характеристики шин в продольном, поперечном направлениях и на скручивание, упруго- демпфирующие свойства механизма складывания и трелюемой пачки древесины, нелинейный характер работы элементов системы и связи их между собой. Цель исследования – разработка математической модели взаимодействия колесного трелевочного трактора с волоком в режиме поворота с учетом упруго- демпфирующих свойств шин, механизма складывания и трелюемой пачки древесины. Метод исследования – математическое моделирование. Исследование полученной системы дифференциальных управлений на ЭВМ дает возможность решить как прямую, так и обратную, задачи динамики. Проведенное исследование подтвердило адекватность разработанной математической модели взаимодействия колесного трелевочного трактора с пачкой древесины и волоком в режиме поворота. Расхождение результатов – 12–16%, что позволяет рекомендовать ее для использования в АСНИ и САПР «Колесный трелевочный трактор».

The interaction of the wheeled skidder with a pack of wood and fiber in the mode of rotation is not given enough attention. The developed mathematical models do not take into account such important properties of the object of study as elastic-damping characteristics of tires in the longitudinal, transverse directions and twisting, elastic- damping properties of the mechanism with the laying and the trill packet of wood, the nonlinear nature of the system elements and their relationship to each other, etc. The purpose of this article is to develop a mathematical model of interaction wheel skidder tractor with fiber in the mode of rotation, taking into account the elastic properties of tires, folding mechanism and a trill packet of wood. Research method-mathematical modeling. The study of the obtained system of differential controls on a computer makes it possible to solve both direct and inverse problems of dynamics. Studies have confirmed the adequacy of the developed mathematical model of interaction wheel skidder with a bundle of wood and fiber in the mode of rotation, the discrepancy of results – 12–16%, which allows to recommend it for use in ASNI and CAD «Wheel skidder».
Selection of optimal modes for larch wood processing in CTMP technology
Authors: Казымов Д.С. , Махотина Л.Г. , Никандров А.Б. , Кузнецов А.Г. , Аким Э.Л.
Published: September 2020

Цель исследования проанализировать возможность получения химикотермомеханической массы (ХТММ) из древесины лиственницы и провести сравнение ее характеристик с полученной аналогичным лабораторным методом ХТММ из древесины ели. Так как лиственница относится к числу самых распространенных древесных пород России, на которую приходится порядка 40 всех площадей лесных насаждений Аким и др., 2012 работа имеет большую актуальность. По строению и составу лиственница значительно отличается от других хвойных деревьев. Она относится к типичным ядровым породам. На долю ядра приходится 70 90 стволовой части дерева. Трахеиды составляют около 90 и более древесного вещества Левин и др., 1978 Бабкин и др., 2004. Поэтому было необходимо провести серию экспериментов, которые позволили оценить влияние расхода Na2SO3, температуры пропиточного раствора и времени пропитки на свойства ХТММ и на удельный расход энергии на размол. Помимо этого, характерной особенностью лиственницы является водорастворимый полисахарид арабиногалактан, содержащийся в ней в количестве около 14 (с колебаниями от 5 до 30), а также присутствие в ядре лиственницы веществ группы флавоноидов, представленных, главным образом, кверцетином и дигидрокверцетином Бабкин и др., 2004 и по учебнику Азарова и др. Химия древесины и синтетических полимеров. СПб.: Лань, 2010 г. Следовательно, в ходе работы было необходимо проанализировать влияние предварительной экстракции на свойства получаемого полуфабриката.

Analyze the possibility of chemicalthermomechanical pulp (CTMP) production from larch wood and comparison of its characteristics with spruce wood CTMP, which was obtained at same laboratory conditions were the main purposes of this study. Since larch is one of the most widespread tree species in Russia, which accounts for about 40 of all forest plantations Akim et al., 2012, this work has great relevance. The structure and composition of larch wood is significantly different from other conifers. It belongs to typical heartwood species. The share of the core wood is about 70 90 of the tree trunk. Tracheids takes more than about 90 of a woody substance Levin et al., 1978 Babkin et al., 2004. Therefore, it was necessary to perform series of experiments that made it possible to evaluate the effect of Na2SO3 consumption, the temperature of impregnating solution and the impregnation time on the properties of CTMP and the specific energy consumption on refining. In addition, a characteristic feature of larch is a watersoluble polysaccharide arabinogalactan, contained in it in an amount of about 14 (with variations from 5 to 30), as well as the presence in the larch core of substances of the group of flavonoids, represented mainly by quercetin and dihydroquercetin Babkin et al., 2004 and Azarov et al., 2010. Therefore, during the work, it was necessary to analyze the effect of previous water extraction on the properties of the obtained product.
Data on the fauna of thrips (Insecta: Thysanoptera) of trees and shrubs in Kaliningrad Region, Russia
Authors: Рожина В.И.
Published: September 2020

По результатам исследования представлены данные о видах трипсов (Thysanoptera), собранных с деревьев и кустарников в Калининградской области в 2013 2018 гг. Всего собрано 33 вида трипсов, из них 15 видов указаны впервые для Калининградской области (Aeolothripsericae, Ae. versicolor, Ae. melaleucus, Mycterothrips latus, Neohydаthrips gracilicornis, Oxythrips ajugae, Ox. bicolor, Taeniothrips inconsequens, Thrips calcaratus, Th. minutissimus, Th. sambuci, Haplothrips subtilissimus, Hoploandrothrips bidens, Treherniella inferna, Xylaplothrips fuliginosus). Большинство выявленных видов антофаги (42), дендробионтные филлофаги составляют 24. Собственно дендробионтных видов выявлено 13, что составляет 39 от общего числа видов. На цветущих растениях самым распространенным видом оказался Th. major. Этот вид выявлен в 65 образцах, на растениях из девяти семейств. Вторым по встречаемости оказался Th. fuscipennis он выявлен в 15 образцах из семи семейств. Весной и в начале лета на вегетирующих нецветущих растениях самым распространённым и многочисленным видом трипсов является Th. minutissimus он выявлен на растениях из шести семейств. Наибольшим видовым богатством трипсов отличаются представители семейств Rosaceae и Adoxaceae.

The study presents data on the species of thrips (Thysanoptera) collected from trees and bushes in the Kaliningrad region in 2013 2018. Thirtythree species of thrips were collected. Fifteen species are recorded for the first time in the Kaliningrad region: Aeolothrips ericae, Ae. versicolor, Ae. melaleucus, Mycterothrips latus, Neohydаthrips gracilicornis, Oxythrips ajugae, Ox. bicolor, Taeniothrips inconsequens, Thrips calcaratus, Th. minutissimus, Th. sambuci, Haplothrips subtilissimus, Hoploandrothrips bidens, Treherniella inferna, Xylaplothrips fuliginosus. Most of the identified species are phytophagous (79). Alltogether, 13 species (39) of identified thrips are dendrobiont. The dendrobiont phyllophagous species comprised 24 of all species collected. The most common species on flowering plants was Th. major. This species was found on plants of 9 families. Thrips fuscipennis was the second most frequent species, it was found on plants from 7 families. In spring and early summer, the most common and numerous species on vegetating nonflowering plants is Th. minutissimus: it was identified on plants from 6 families. Representatives of Rosaceae and Adoxaceae families are remarkable in thrips species richness.
Calculation of constant J. Nikuradze and T. von Karman depending on water temperature and the size of bottom sediments
Authors: Виноградов А.Ю. , Минаев А.Н. , Кадацкая М.М. , Кучмин А.В. , Хвалев С.В.
Published: September 2020

Основным средством повышения продуктивности заболоченных и переувлажненных лесов является лесоосушительная мелиорация, позволяющая, помимо повышения качества древесины, улучшать условия для их более полного транспортного освоения. Поскольку одним из основных параметров при проектировании мелиоративных водоотводных и инженерных водопропускных сооружений является неразмывающая скорость, то ее численная оценка крайне важна для гидравлических расчетов. Расчетное значение неразмывающей скорости зависит от принимаемого режима потока на высоте выступов шероховатости дна. Режим движения жидкости определяется эпюрой скоростей вертикального профиля канала. Характер эпюры скоростей по глубине потока до верхней границы пограничного слоя, в свою очередь, определяется параметром Т. Кармана. Толщина пограничного слоя зависит от принятого значения параметра (коэффициента) И.И. Никурадзе. В статье показано, что значения коэффициента И.И. Никурадзе не зависят от температуры воды, но являются функцией крупности донных отложений. Параметр Т. Кармана зависит от крупности донных отложений, а следовательно, от шероховатости дна и стенок канала.

The main means of increasing the productivity of waterlogged and soggy forests is drainage reclamation, which, in addition to improving the quality of wood, allows improving conditions for their more complete transport development. Since one of the main parameters in the design of reclamation drainage and engineering culverts is the non-eroding water velocity, its assessment is extremely important for hydraulic calculations. The calculated value of the non-eroding water velocity depends on the accepted flow water mode at the height of surface asperity. The mode of fluid motion is determined by the water velocity curve of the vertical channel profile. The pattern of the water velocity by the depth of the flow to the height of the upper boundary layer, in turn, is determined by the T. von Karmans constant. The height of the boundary layer depends on the accepted value of the J. Nikuradzes constant. The article shows that the values of the J. Nikuradzes constant does not depend on water temperature, but it is a function of the size of bottom sediments. T. von Karmans constant depends on the size of the bottom sediments, and therefore on the roughness of the bottom and channel walls.
Improvement of the scheme analysis of the component composition of a larch wood
Authors: Евстигнеев Э.И.
Published: September 2020

Разработана схема анализа компонентного состава лиственницы, предусматривающая определение таких компонентов, как полисахариды, целлюлоза, нецеллюлозные полисахариды, лигнин, экстрактивные вещества и зола. В отличие от известных схем анализа химического состава древесины, она содержит новую стадию, а именно определение общего содержания полисахаридов фотоколориметрическим методом. Обычно для этой цели используют определение холоцеллюлозы, однако известные методы не позволяют выделить все полисахариды, поскольку в процессе выделения часть из них неизбежно утрачивается. Зная общее содержание полисахаридов, можно определить содержание нецеллюлозных полисахаридов. Такой подход имеет явное преимущество, по сравнению с традиционно используемым определением отдельно гемицеллюлоз и отдельно водорастворимых полисахаридов, так как в этом случае происходит потеря части полисахаридов. Предложенная схема дает возможность достаточно полно охарактеризовать компонентный состав древесины лиственницы, не прибегая к использованию специального оборудования. Разработанный метод определения арабиногалактана обладает высокой селективностью к определяемому компоненту древесины в присутствии большого количества примесей, в связи с чем он может быть рекомендован для количественного определения арабиногалактана как в водных растворах, так и в древесине.

The scheme of the analysis of component structure of a larch providing determination of such components as polysaccharides, cellulose, not cellulose polysaccharides, lignin, extractive substances and ashes is developed. Unlike the known schemes of the analysis of the chemical composition of wood, it contains a new stage, namely determination of the general content of polysaccharides by a photocolorimetric method. Usually, for this purpose use definition of a holocellulose, however the known methods do not allow to emit all polysaccharides as in the course of allocation part of them is inevitably lost. Knowing the general content of polysaccharides, it is possible to determine the content of not cellulose polysaccharides. Such approach has clear advantage in comparison with traditionally used determination separately of hemicelluloses and separately water-soluble polysaccharides since in this case there is a loss of a part of polysaccharides. The scheme offered in work, gives the chance rather fully to characterize component composition of wood of a larch, without resorting to use of the special equipment. The developed method of an arabinogalactan determination has high selectivity to the defined wood component in the presence of a large amount of impurity in this connection it can be recommended for quantitative definition of an arabinogalactan both in water solutions, and in wood.
Optimal cutting and output prediction of pulpwood before and during felling
Authors: Торопов А.С. , Соловьёв А.Н. , Торопов Д.С.
Published: September 2020

В настоящей статье рассматривается принципиально новый подход к проблеме прогнозирования выхода конечной продукции лесозаготовительных и деревообрабатывающих производств уже на стадии валки деревьев с возможностью учета возможных объёмов получения сортиментов, пиломатериалов, коры по критерию максимального объемного выхода продукции в стоимостном выражении. Авторы предлагают и теоретически обосновывают подход к оценке объёмов балансовой части дерева с использованием математической модели определения параметров на основе аллометрического метода, в основе которого лежит закон относительного роста древостоя. Для выбора варианта оптимального раскроя и прогнозирования выхода балансов из стволовой части дерева и балансового сырья, авторы используют метод исчерпывающего поиска и метод ветвей и границ «дерева цели».

This article examines a fundamentally new approach to the problem of predicting the output of final products of logging and wood processing plants already at the stage of tree swaths with the possibility of accounting for possible volumes of production varieties, lumber, bark according to the criterion of maximum volume output of products in value terms. The authors propose and theoretically substantiate the approach to assessing the volumes of the balance part of the tree using a mathematical model of determining parameters based on the allometric method, which is based on the law of relative growth of the tree. To choose the optimal cut and predict the output of balances from the stem part of the tree and balance raw materials, the authors use the method of exhaustive search and method of branches and boundaries of the «target tree».
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI AJI BOJONEGORO DALAM MENCEGAH PRAKTIK JURNALISME AMPLOP
Authors: Moebin Amrullah Ali
Published: September 2020

Abstract

This study discusses the communication strategy undertaken by the Alliance of Independent Journalists (AJI) Bojonegoro East Java in conducting discussions about the practice of envelope journalism. The reason is that the practice of envelope journalism violates the journalistic code of ethics. The research process uses qualitative methods with a case study approach. The results of this study are AJI Bojonegoro's strategy to prevent envelope journalism by creating new innovations. They provide education to the speakers. The media used is outdoor media, posters. Steps taken by interpersonal communication and utilizing social media.

 

Keywords: Communication Strategy, Envelope Journalisme
Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dan Ikan Bawal (Colossoma macropomum) di Sungai Winongo, Yogyakarta
Authors: Purwanto Annabelle Indryana , Prihatmo Guruh , Pakpahan Suhendra
Published: September 2020

Sungai Winongo memiliki peran cukup penting di masyarakat kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mengetahui konsentrasi Pb ada air, sedimen (batu, kerikil, pasir dan lempung) dan tiga organ ikan Nila(Oreochromis niloticus) serta ikan Bawal (Colossoma macropomum) yaitu organ viscera, tulang dan daging. Sampeldiperoleh dari tiga titik yaitu bagian hulu, tengah dan hilir. Total 120 sampel diekstraksi menggunakan metodeaqua regia digestible dengan perbandingan larutan HCl : HNO3(3:1, v/v) dan ekstrak dianalisis menggunakanAtomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Ditemukan rata-rata konsentrasi Pb pada air (0,054 mg/L), sedimen(38,29 mg/kg), ikan Nila ( viscera 11,35 mg/kg; tulang 10,28 mg/kg; daging 6,46 mg/kg ), dan ikan Bawal (viscera 5,31 mg/kg; 9,85 mg/kg; daging 5,23 mg/kg ). Konsentrasi Pb pada air telah melebihi batas baku mutuPPRI No. 82 Th 2001 (0,03mg/L). Konsentrasi pada ketiga bagian ikan Nila dan Bawal yang diteliti (viscera,tulang, daging) telah melebihi batas baku mutu yang ditetapkan oleh SNI 7387:2009 (0,3 mg/kg).
TRABALHO POR PROJETOS NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA – UM PANORAMA DE DIFERENTES VISÕES
Authors: Artuso Alysson Ramos , Maciel Patricia Daniela
Published: September 2020

A criação dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia em 2008 deu novo impulso e formato à educação profissional e tecnológica no Brasil. O currículo integrado passou a ser o norte dessa nova concepção e diversas estratégias foram postas em prática para operacionalizá-lo, incluindo o trabalho por projetos. O presente artigo tem por objetivo fazer um breve resgate de vertentes pedagógicos e de contextos históricos do trabalho por projetos para debater sua aplicação, em especial, na educação profissional e tecnológica de acordo com três diferentes vertentes político-pedagógicas: Pragmatismo, Fenomenologia Social e Materialismo Histórico-Dialético. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica precedida de discussão teórica em que são apresentadas as principais características e diferenças no trabalho por projetos. Ao final, propõe-se um esquema de modo a sintetizar o trabalho por projetos nessas três grandes correntes.