bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The dual-pathway model of collective action: Impacts of types of collective action and social identity
Authors: Hao Zhen , Saeri Alexander K , Cui Lijuan
Published: January 2019

In three experiments, we manipulated procedural fairness (Experiment 1) and group-based anger and group efficacy (Experiments 2 and 3) to investigate the independent pathways of anger and efficacy for collective action in China. In Experiment 3 we also examined pathways to “soft” (low-cost) and “hard” (high-cost) collective action. Our results supported the dual-pathway model of collective action: group-based anger and perceived group efficacy independently predicted collective action intentions to protest against increased school fees and unhygienic cafeteria conditions for Chinese university students. Group-based anger predicted soft collective action intentions; both anger and efficacy predicted hard collective action intentions. Identification with the disadvantaged group was found to moderate the problem-focused coping pathway for hard collective action intentions. For high but not low identifiers, manipulated group efficacy predicted hard collective action intentions. We discuss our findings with specific reference to collective action research in China.
Three levels of naturalistic knowledge
Authors: Stephens Andreas
Published: January 2019

A recent naturalistic epistemological account suggests that there are three nested basic forms of knowledge: procedural knowledge-how, conceptual knowledge-what, and propositional knowledge-that. These three knowledge-forms are grounded in cognitive neuroscience and are mapped to procedural, semantic, and episodic long-term memory respectively. This article investigates and integrates the neuroscientifically grounded account with knowledge-accounts from cognitive ethology and cognitive psychology. It is found that procedural and semantic memory, on a neuroscientific level of analysis, matches an ethological reliabilist account. This formation also matches System 1 from dual process theory on a psychological level, whereas the addition of episodic memory, on the neuroscientific level of analysis, can account for System 2 on the psychological level. It is furthermore argued that semantic memory (conceptual knowledge-what) and the cognitive ability of categorization are linked to each other, and that they can be fruitfully modeled within a conceptual spaces framework.
The deliverance of open access books : Examining usage and dissemination
Authors: Snijder Ronald
Published: January 2019

In many scholarly disciplines, books – not articles – are the norm. As print runs become smaller, the question arises whether publishing monographs in open access helps to make their contents globally accessible. To answer this question, the results of multiple studies on the usage of open access books are presented.The research focuses on three areas: economic viability; optimization of open access monographs infrastructure and measuring the effects of open access in terms of scholarly impact and societal influence. Each chapter reviews a di?ferent aspect: book sales, digital dissemination, open licenses, user communities, measuring usage, developing countries and the effects on citations and social media.
Dietary management of Omega-3 fatty acids: should two more be declared as semi essential?
Authors: Singh Arambam Giridhari
Published: January 2019

Not available.
Surgical site infection in Laparoscopic versus Open appendicectomy
Authors: Koirala Ashok , Thakur Dipendra , Agrawal Sunit , Chaudhary Bhuwan Lal , Poudel Sagar
Published: January 2019

Background: Acute appendicitis is very common surgical cause of acute abdomen and needs surgical removal either by laparoscopic or open appendicectomy. The aim of this study is to compare frequency of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open appendicectomy.

Materials and Methods: The study was prospective study conducted in NMCTH, Biratnagar. Total 200 patients with diagnosis of acute appendicitis admitted through the emergency department of our hospital were included in the study. The patients were randomly allocated in two groups: Laparoscopic appendicectomy group (LA) and Open appendicectomy group (OA). Both groups underwent successful emergency appendicectomy. Wound infections in terms of surgical site infection (SSI) if present were recorded. All age groups and both sexes were included.

 Results: Two hundred patients underwent appendicectomy, one hundred Laparoscopic appendicectomy (LA) and another hundred open appendicectomy (OA). The mean age of patients with acute appendicitis was 30.63±16.14 years with minimum of 6 years and maximum of 77 years. The highest number of patients were in age group of 10 to 20 years (29.5%). In LA group SSI noted in 3 patients (3%) whereas in OA group it was found in 12 patients (12%).

Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendicectomy is better and offers great advantages in terms of SSI as compared to Open appendicectomy.
Identificação de fungos ungueais em gatos sadios de Santa Catarina de interesse na saúde pública
Authors: Marques Sandra , Stahling Ana Letícia , Scopel Suyane , Marques Sandra Márcia Tietz , Quadros Rosiléia Marinho de
Published: January 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate mycological profile in public health of fungi species and their pathogenicity in nails of 190 cats from two cities of Santa Catarina in 2016. Nails of front paws were collected, processed for direct examination and the culture was maintained at temperature of 27° C for 15 days. The prevalence of fungi was 83.16% with identification of the genus Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Acremonium sp., Scopulariopsis sp., Curvularia sp., hyalohiphomycetes, Phohoifycetes and Candida albicans. This is the first record of fungi of medical interest in felines in Santa Catarina. Caution is recommended in handling felines to avoid perforating trauma and risk of infection, especially veterinarians and their staff in veterinary hospital, clinics and shelters.
Particularidades reprodutivas da fêmea bovina: Revisão
Authors: Soares Paulo , Junqueira Fabiano Santos
Published: January 2019

Knowledge of the reproductive characteristics of bovine females is essential for veterinarians to be able to perform work inherent to reproduction. In this sense, the anatomical knowledge allows the veterinarian to observe the structures present in the bovine reproductive tract and the functionality of such structures. Another point to be highlighted is the understanding of the events present in the estrous cycle and how these facts influence the behavior of the female. In addition, follicular dynamics are an indispensable part of the study, since ovarian physiology is the basis of reproduction with influences on the production of hormones and on gametogenesis. In this perspective, the present study aims at listing several peculiarities present in bovine reproduction through a literature review.
Higher Education in The Digital Age: The Impact of Digital Connective Technologies
Authors: SAYKILI Abdullah
Published: January 2019

The dominant roles that digital connective technologies have in the 21st century are causing profound changes in all domains of life, which signal that we have reached a new age: the digital age. Education is one of the fundamental domains of life re-engineered to adopt to the changing landscape of what it means to function in this new age. The school paradigm which rests on the conditions and requirements of the industrial age appears to fall short in terms of meeting the needs and demands of the 21st century learner. The emerging digital connective technologies and the educational innovations they triggered such as open educational resources (OER), massive online open courses (MOOCs) and learning analytics are disrupting the learning processes and structures of the industrial age such that it is now an imperative to develop a new educational paradigm. These new innovations enable learners to extend learning outside the boundaries of traditional learning institutions through informal and enriched learning experiences using online communities on new platforms such as social media and other social platforms. The digital innovations aforementioned also free the learners from the shackles of time so that learners can, not only access but also create knowledge through social interaction and collaboration. The age we live in is ripe for unprecedented fundamental changes and opportunities for higher education (HE). Therefore, policymakers involved in education need to re-think the implications of digital connective technologies, the challenges and opportunities they bring to the educational scene while developing value-added policies regarding HE. This paper addresses the learner, instructor, learning environments and the administration dimensions of HE and how the digital connective technologies are impacting on these dimensions in the digital age. The paper also offers, as a conclusion, a road map for HE to better function in this age.
СD44+/CD24− MARKERS OF CANCER STEM CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER OF DIFFERENT MOLECULAR SUBTYPES
Authors: Chekhun V F , Zadvorny T V , Tymovska Yu O , Anikusko M F , Novak O E , Polishchuk L Z
Published: January 2019

Aim: To determine frequency of tumors with immunohistochemical markers of cancer stem cells (CSC) CD44+/CD24− in patients with breast cancer (BC) of different molecular subtype and to evaluate their prognostic value. Object: Surgical material of 132 patients with BC stage I–II, age from 23 to 75 years, mean age — 50.2 ± 3.1 years was studied. Methods: Clinical, immunohistochemical (expression CD44+/CD24−), morphological, statistical. Results: BC is characterized by heterogeneity of molecular subtypes and expression of markers (CD44+/CD24−). Immunohistochemical study of expression of CSC markers in surgical material has detected their expression in 34 (25.4%) patients with BC of different molecular subtypes. The highest frequency of cells with expression of CSC marker was observed in patients with basal molecular subtype (44.8% patients). Most of BC patients with phenotype CD44+/CD24 had stage I of tumor process (34.3%). Statistical processing of data has showen that Yule colligation coefficient equaled 0.28 (р > 0.05) that argues poor correlation between stage of tumor process and number of tumors with positive expression of CSC markers. Statistical processing of data has showen high correlation between presence of cells with expression of CSC markers and metastases of BC in regional lymph nodes (Yule colligation coefficient equals 0.943; р < 0.5). Difference in overall survival of patients with BC of basal molecular subtype depending on expression of CSC CD44+/CD24− markers was detected. Survival of patients with basal BC was reliably higher at lack in tumors of cells with CSC markers CD44+/CD24− and, correspondingly, lower at presence of such cells (р < 0.05). In patients with BC of luminal (A and B), HER-2-positive subtypes, significant change in survival of patients depending on expression of CSC markers was not determined (р > 0.05). Conclusion: Significance of tumor cells with markers CD44+/CD24− within the limits of molecular subtype of BC may be additional criterion for advanced biological characteristic of BC, and in patients with BC of basal molecular subtype — for predictive evaluation of individual potential of tumor to aggressive clinical course.
THE IMMUNOPHENOTYPE OF ADULT T ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN MOROCCO
Authors: Lahjouji A , Bachir F , Bennani S , Quessar A , Amzazi S
Published: January 2019

Background: There is paucity of detailed studies of adult T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in developing countries reflecting the condition of these patients including clinical and biological features. Objective: This study was carried out to analyze the immunophenotypic characteristics of 40 Moroccan patients with T-ALL and its association with biological and clinical features. Patients and Methods: Between 2006 and 2009, 130 adult patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were immunophenotyped by 3-color flow cytometry using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Cases presenting features of a T-lineage phenotype were subjected to detailed analysis including immunophenotypic, clinical and biological parameters. Results: Proportion of T-ALL among ALL Moroccan patients was 31.0%. Median age of patients was 28 years. Twenty-nine patients were females and 11 were males. 45.0% of patients (18/40) had features of immature T-ALL stages (pro-T and pre-T ALL), 30.0% (12/40) of CD1a+ cortical T-ALL stage and 25.0% (10/40) had a characteristic phenotype of medullary T-ALL. The frequencies of progenitor cell markers CD10, CD34 and TdT expression were 14.0; 57.5% and 50.0% respectively. The aberrant expression of B lineage associated antigen CD79a were positive in 20.5% of the cases and the aberrant expression of myeloid antigens CD13 and/ or CD33 was found in 22 (55.0%) cases. No significant association was encountered between TdT, CD34 or myeloid antigens positivity and high risk features at presentation as age, sex, and white blood cells. However, myeloid antigens (CD13 and/or CD33) was significantly associated with T-cell maturation stages (p = 0.009). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report from North Africa of immunophenotypic study on adult T-ALL. Our findings indicate that the proportion of T-ALL among ALL in Morocco is similar to that reported in others Mediterranean countries like France and Italy and that myeloid-associated antigens expression is frequently associated with immature immunophenotype.
FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF CD34-POSITIVE CELLS IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT RESPONSE TO IMATINIB THERAPY
Authors: Sviezhentseva I O , Perekhrestenko T P , Bilko D I , Gordienko A I , Diachenko M V , Dyagil I S
Published: January 2019

Introduction: It is believed that the reason of the leukemic clone cell resistance to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors during chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is mutations in the genome of an early bone marrow progenitor cells that are CD34-positive. Such cells, regardless of treatment, acquire ability to proliferation and differentiation. This leads to the re-expansion of the CD34+ cells. Aim: to determine the CD34 antigen expression in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells in CML patients with different response to imatinib therapy using the results of hematopoietic cells culturing and the data of flow cytometry. Methods: Bone marrow aspirate from 39 patients who were treated with imatinib was studied with cytogenetic, flow cytometry and culture methods in vitro. Results: In patients with an optimal response to imatinib therapy the number of colonies was 1.8 times lower than the number of those in the group of patients with a suboptimal response to therapy. In turn, in patients with failure of imatinib therapy the number of colonies was the highest and was 2.1 times higher than the patients with optimal response. The results of cytometric studies have shown that the number of CD34+ cells in bone marrow was significantly higher compared to the number of CD34+ cells in peripheral blood cells and increased with the acquisition of leukemic cells the resistance to imatinib. There was a direct correlation between the number of colonies and clusters in semisolid agar in vitro and the number of CD34+ cells in the bone marrow of patients. Conclusions: The correlation between the number of CD34+ cells and the number of cell aggregates in semisolid agar in vitro indicates the prognostic value of the method for determining CD34+ cells in the patient bone marrow. The parallel increase of their number in the peripheral blood will allow developing express methods for the detection of individual patient response to imatinib therapy.
EXPRESSION PROFILING OF SCN8A AND NDUFC2 GENES IN COLORECTAL CARCINOMA
Authors: Igci Y Z , Bozgeyik E , Borazan E , Pala E , Suner A , Ulasli M , Gurses S A , Yumrutas O , Balik A A , Igci M
Published: January 2019

Aim: The expression differences of SCN8A (which encodes type VIII alpha subunit of voltage gated sodium channel) and NDUFC2 (which encodes C2 subunit of Complex I enzyme in oxidative phosphorylation) genes were evaluated in paired colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues which was relied on our partial transcriptome analysis data in cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: A total of 62 paired tissues of CRC patients (34 male, 28 female) were included in the study. The mRNA levels of SCN8A and NDUFC2 genes were determined by using real-time PCR (qRT-PCR and semiquantitative PCR). Results: SCN8A gene expression level was significantly lower in tumor tissues (p = 0.0128) and in the patients with the age below 45 years (p = 0.0049). There were also meaningful relationships between the gender, grade of CRC, tumor location, histopathological classification, and SCN8A expression. There was no NDUFC2 differential expression. However, the tumors taken from right colon had significantly lower NDUFC2 expression. Conclusion: Although the voltage gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and Complex I (CI) were associated to a number of diseases including different types of cancers, the different subunits of CI and individual members of VGSCs seem to be cancer type-specific in varying proportions.
Effects of curcumin on testis microvascular complication in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats
Authors: Khimmaktong Wipapan , Komolkriengkrai Manaras , Boonyoung Piyakorn , Anupunpisit Vipavee
Published: January 2019

Background:  Diabetes has a significant impact on the impaired function of the reproductive system in the testis.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of curcumin from turmeric on structural changes of testicular tissues and microvasculature in STZ-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Rats were injected with a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg BW) to induce a diabetic condition. Three days after the injection, rats with a blood sugar level > 250 mg/dl were considered diabetic. Rats were allocated to one of three groups, diabetic (DM), diabetic rats receiving curcumin (DMC) (200 mg/kg BW), and control (C). Testicular tissues were studied eight weeks after the treatment using the histological technique. Testicular microvasculature was examined using the vascular corrosion cast technique under a scanning electron microscope (SEM).Results: The testicular tissue of DM group showed damaged seminiferous tubules, spermatocytes, and spermatids with necrosis and germ cells degeneration. Destruction of testicular arteries and veins in pampiniform plexus were demonstrated. The destroyed capillaries, arterioles, and venules demonstrated stenosis and shrinkage. The vessel diameter in all DM groups decreased. In the DMC group which received curcumin, the appearance of all seminiferous tubules, spermatogenic, and sertoli cell was normal. The reconstruction and restoration of testicular artery, pampiniform plexus, capillary network, arterioles, and venules were clear. As a result of curcumin supplementation, the standard and healthy testis microvasculature was restored. The DMC vessels diameter increased back to a quasi normal condition, particularly at the artery, arteriole, and capillary levels.Conclusions: The results provided evident for effects of curcumin could be associated with recovering and improvement of the testicular tissues and microvasculatures in diabetic condition.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Streptozotocin, Curcumin, Testis, Microvasculature, Vascular corrosion cast, Scanning electron microscope
Intake safety of Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 and its effects on nasal and ocular symptoms associated with mites and house dust: An open-label study and a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study
Authors: Yamashita Maya , Kobatake Eiji , Obuchi Shun , Iwai Masayuki , Ichikawa Kazuyuki , Kabuki Toshihide , Enomoto Tadao
Published: January 2019

Background: We previously reported that Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 (LH2171) inhibited the proliferation and secretion of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory cytokines in primary immune cells. Furthermore, in vivo administration of LH2171 has been demonstrated to suppress the incidence and development of murine rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, we evaluated whether the intake of drinkable yogurt (DY) containing LH2171 alleviated nasal and ocular symptoms of allergy to mites and house dust allergens. The safety of LH2171 was also confirmed in an independent, open-label study in 20 healthy subjects who consumed an excessive amount of LH2171.Methods: In study 1, the effect of daily intake of DY containing LH2171 for 12 weeks on nasal and ocular symptoms was evaluated in healthy men and women who tested positive for house dust or mite-specific IgE in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study. One hundred subjects were divided into two groups: subjects taking placebo DY (P group, n = 50) and subjects taking DY containing approximately 1 × 109 cells of LH2171 (LH2171 group, n = 50) daily for the 12 weeks. After excluding subjects that met exclusion criteria, data obtained from 94 subjects (LH2171 group: n = 48; P group: n = 46) were analyzed to establish LH2171 efficacy. LH2171 safety was assessed in an independent, open-label trial in 20 subjects (study 2) who consumed an excessive amount of DY containing approximately 3 × 109 LH2171 cells.Results: In study 1, the decreases in the total scores of the nasal and ocular discomfort between week 0 and week 8 in LH2171 group were significantly larger than those in P group.　 Additionally, the number of sneezes decreased significantly in LH2171 group compared with P group on weeks 9–12 compared to the number of sneezes at baseline. In study 2, no adverse effects of LH2171 on systolic bold pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, body weight, blood and urinalysis parameters were reported.Clinical trial registration: UMIN000027791 (study 1), UMIN000029058 (study 2).Conclusion: Daily intake of LH2171 for 12 weeks may regulate immune function and improve nasal and ocular symptoms in the subjects with mite or house dust allergy.
The anti-inflammatory effects of Indonesian and Japanese bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) fruit extracts on interleukin-1β-treated hepatocytes
Authors: Dwijayanti Dinia Rizqi , Okuyama Tetsuya , Okumura Tadayoshi , Ikeya Yukinobu , Nishizawa Mikio
Published: January 2019

Background: Bitter melon, Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), grows in tropical to temperate regions in Asia, including Indonesia and Japan. Bitter melon contains triterpenoids, steroidal glycosides, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The green immature fruit of bitter melon is a popular vegetable in Indonesia and Japan and has been used as a traditional Indonesian medicine (Jamu) to treat microbial infections and diabetes mellitus. However, there are currently few reports about the pharmacological effects of the constituents of bitter melon.Objective: To compare the effects of Indonesian and Japanese bitter melon, the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, was monitored.Methods: Immature fruits of bitter melons collected from Indonesia and Japan were lyophilized and extracted with methanol. The resultant extracts were fractionated by hydrophobicity into ethyl acetate-soluble (A), n-butanol-soluble (B), and water-soluble (C) fractions. Primary cultured hepatocytes prepared from rat liver were treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and each extract or fraction. Nitrite in the medium was measured, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was determined. Lactate dehydrogenase activity in the medium was measured to monitor cytotoxicity. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was detected by western blot analysis. The mRNA levels were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: Indonesian and Japanese bitter melon extracts (BMEs) suppressed NO production by IL-1β-treated hepatocytes without showing cytotoxicity. The IC50 values of the BMEs were 86 μg/mL (Indonesian) and 171 μg/mL (Japanese). Both BMEs suppressed iNOS protein expression. Fractions A and B of both BMEs suppressed NO production. The IC50 values of the Indonesian BME fractions A and B were comparable to those of Japanese BME. Fraction A of both BMEs decreased the levels of iNOS protein and mRNA, as well as those of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNAs. Fraction C of both BMEs did not affect NO production.Conclusion: The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction (A) of Indonesian and Japanese BMEs exhibited a comparable ability to suppress the induction of the iNOS and pro-inflammatory cytokine genes. These data suggest that hydrophobic constituents in fraction A, such as cucurbitane-type triterpenoids, may be responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory effects of bitter melon from Indonesia and Japan.Keywords: Momordica charantia, nitric oxide, inflammation, Jamu, Goya.
Die innerwissenschaftliche Feinderklärung
Authors: Altvater Elmar , Zeuner Bodo
Published: January 2019

Kurt Sontheimer, Professor für Politische Wissenschaft an der Universität München und nach eigenem Verständnis „ein eher linker Liberaler" (S. 11) hat ein Buch geschrieben, in dem er sich mit der Entwicklung linker, insbesondere marxistischer Theorie in der Bundesrepublik befaßt. Wenn wir in dieser „Zeitschrift für politische Ökonomie und sozialistische Politik" darauf eingehen, dann nicht deshalb, weil Sontheimer einen wissenschaftlichen Beitrag zur theoretischen Diskussion über die Gesellschaft der Bundesrepublik geleistet hätte, sondern weil er im Gegenteil einen Beitrag zur politischen Unterdrückung dieser Diskussion liefert. Das Buch ist vom Verlag mit einer Startauflage von 20 000 auf den Markt gebracht worden; Sontheimer hat seit einem halben Jahr Vorabdrucke in der „FAZ", der „Süddeutschen Zeitung", der „Zeit" und der Beilage zu „Das Parlament" veröffentlicht; nach Erscheinen wurde Sontheimers Werk in' allen großen Presseorganen der BRD rezensiert, z.B. im „Spiegel" (Nr. 16/1976) gleich zweimal auf insgesamt 10 Spalten. Die auf ein breites Publikum zielende Werbung des Verlages entspricht Sontheimers wissenschaftspolitischer Intention: Er möchte „ein Stück notwendiger intellektueller und politischer Aufklärung leisten" (S. 15, Hervorh. Sontheimer), und diese „Aufklärung" wendet sich an alle, die sich „im Magnetfeld linker Theorie" (S. 181) befinden oder bei denen auch nur „die notwendige Überzeugung von der Legitimität und Sinnhaftigkeit ihres Tuns dem nagenden Zweifel" (S. 268) der „linken Theorie" ausgeliefert ist. Bevor solche von der linken Bedrohung Gefährdeten überhaupt anfällig und am Ende gar verunsichert werden können, empfiehlt ihnen Sontheimer, erstmal Sontheimer zu lesen: ,,Um zu wissen, worauf wir uns einlassen, wenn wir in den Kategorien linker Theorie zu denken beginnen und unser Handeln danach ausrichten, müssen wir möglichst das Ganze dieser geistigen Bewegung kennenlernen und es in seinen wesentlichen Inhalten und Denkfiguren vor Augen haben." (S. 12 f.) Sontheimer also als vorbeugende Impfung gegen den Bazillus der linken Theorie.
Toksisitas moluskisida fentin asetat terhadap hematologi dan pertumbuhan ikan nila, Oreochromiss niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Lukmini Aisyah , Supriyono Eddy , Budiardi Tatag
Published: January 2019

Fentin acetate (C20H18O2Sn) as pesticide is extensively used for killing golden apple snail (Pomacea sp.) in paddy field. This study was aimed to determine effect of sublethal molluscicide fentin acetate toxicity on the haematological charac-teristics (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and leucocyte) and growth of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus. This re-search was conducted from May to July 2015 in Environment Laboratory of Aquaculture Department, Bogor Agricul-tural University. The research used twelve glass aquariums of 100x50x50 cm3 filled with 160 L water and put 30 juve-niles per aquarium. Fish were fed at satiation during the treatment and water exchange for every 24 hour. Research design was complete experimental randomized with four treatments and three replications of different fentin acetate concentrations i.e. 0.00; 0.003; 0.008; 0.015 mg L-1 for 21 days. The haematological characteristics and growth of fish were compared with ANOVA. The result indicates that sublethal concentration of 0.003 mg.L-1fentin acetate was significantly (p< 0.05) decrease the haematological characteristics and growth of tilapia. AbstrakFentin asetat (C20H18O2Sn) digunakan sebagai pestisida di sawah secara intensif untuk mematikan keong mas (Pomacea sp.). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh toksisitas subletal moluskisida fentin asetat terhadap ka-rakteristik hematologi (eritrosit, hemoglobin, hematokrit, dan leukosit) dan pertumbuhan yuwana ikan nila (Oreo-chromis niloticus). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2015 di Laboratorium Lingkungan Departemen Akuakultur, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan 12 akuarium berukuran 100x50x50 cm3. Ikan nila berukuran 8,90±0,13 g dipelihara dengan kepadatan 30 ekor dalam volume air 160 L. Ikan uji diberi pakan secara at satiation serta dilakukan penggantian air setiap 24 jam dengan konsentrasi bahan uji yang sama. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan dengan konsentrasi fentin asetat, yaitu: 0,00 (kontrol); 0,003; 0,008; dan 0,015 mg.L-1 selama 21 hari. Analisis terhadap karakteristik hematologi dan pertumbuhan ikan nila menggunakan anova. Konsentrasi sublethal moluskisida fentin asetat berpengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan karakteristik hematologi dan pertumbuhan ikan nila.
Struktur komunitas sumber daya ikan demersal berdasarkan kedalaman perairan di Laut Cina Selatan (WPP-NRI 711) [Community structure of demersal fish resources based on the depth of the waters in the South China Sea (Indonesia Fisheries Management Zone 711)]
Authors: Angin Robet Perangin , Sulistiono NFN , Kurnia Rahmat , Fahrudin Achmad , Suman Ali
Published: January 2019

Information on distribution and community structure of demersal fish resources are important to be known as an input to the management of demersal fisheries. This study aimed to analyze the diversity and distribution of demersal fish resources based on the differences in the depth of the waters and the linkages to the environment. Research conducted in the South China Sea in May to June 2015 by operating a trawl gear in the station preset. The method of analysis of demersal fish diversity use some ecological indices i.e Margalef species richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, and Simpson dominance index. The ecological index value then associated with environmental conditions, using principal component analysis. Distribution of the ecological index indicated the stability of communities demersal fish resources getting better with the increase of depth. The most affected to the level of species richness and distribution of demersal fish were the parameters of depth, temperature and salinity, while the abundance distribution of fishes were associated with dissolved oxygen, and water transparency. The implication, that the water environmental conditions greatly affected the distribution and abundance of demersal fish. AbstrakInformasi mengenai persebaran dan struktur komunitas sumber daya ikan demersal penting sebagai bahan masukan untuk pengelolaan perikanan demersal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat keanekaragaman dan persebaran sumber daya ikan demersal berdasarkan perbedaan kedalaman perairan, serta keterkaitannya dengan lingkungan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laut Cina Selatan pada bulan Mei sampai Juni 2015 dengan mengoperasikan alat tangkap pukat ikan di stasiun yang telah ditetapkan. Metode analisis keanekaragaman hayati ikan demersal menggunakan beberapa indeks ekologi yaitu indeks kekayaan jenis Margalef, indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, indeks keseragaman Pielou, dan indeks dominansi Simpson. Nilai indeks ekologi tersebut kemudian dikaitkan dengan kondisi lingkungan, menggunakan analisis komponen utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kestabilan komunitas sumber daya ikan demersal semakin baik seiring dengan meningkatnya kedalaman. Kedalaman, suhu, dan salinitas merupakan parameter yang paling memengaruhi tingkat kekayaan jenis serta persebaran sumber daya ikan demersal, sedangkan persebaran kelimpahan ikan sangat terkait dengan oksigen terlarut dan kecerahan perairan. Implikasinya, kondisi lingkungan perairan sangat memengaruhi persebaran dan kelimpahan ikan demersal.
Pengangkutan juvenil ikan gabus Channa striata (Bloch 1793) dengan kepadatan berbeda pada media bersalinitas 3 ppt [Transportation of juvenile striped snakehead (Bloch 1793) with different densities in 3 ppt salinity media]
Authors: Nasmi Jannesa , Nirmala Kukuh , Affandi Ridwan
Published: January 2019

The present study aimed to ensure the effect 3 ppt of salt addition into the transportation media water to the water quality, suvival rate, daily growth rate, and stress level after transportation. This study was consisted of two phase, the first phase was fish transportation for 24 hours and the second phase was 21 days rearing after-transportation. Snake-head larvae’s transported with five treatments i.e a transportation media with no salt addition and stocked with 30 larvae L-1 as the control, and four transportation media with 3 ppt salt addition at different densities (30, 45, 60, and 75 larvae L-1). During the transportation, the water quality and survival rate were determined. The first phase experiment showed that salt addition in transportation media maintained the water quality and higher survival rate than control. After 24 hours, 30 larvae of each treatment were stocked into tank with 0 ppt salinity media. The results showed no significant differences in the survival rate and growth rate at the different densities without salt addition. The pH and blood glucose levels were slowly back to normal in day 21. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian garam 3 ppt dalam media pengangkutan terhadap perubahan kualitas air dan laju sintasan selama pengangkutan, laju pertumbuhan harian, glukosa darah, dan pH darah pascapengangkutan. Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua tahap kegiatan, yaitu tahap satu adalah pengangkutan selama 24 jam dan tahap dua adalah pemeliharaan pascapengangkutan selama 21 hari. Pada tahap satu kantong plastik diisi air 1 L dan dilakukan pengepakan sesuai dengan perlakuan, yaitu perlakuan kontrol tanpa garam (kepadatan 30 ekor L-1) dan perla-kuan penambahan garam 3 ppt (kepadatan 30, 45, 60, dan 75 ekor L"1). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan dengan penambahan garam dalam media pengangkutan dapat mempertahankan kondisi kualitas air dan menghasilkan laju sintasan yang le-bih tinggi dibandingkan pada perlakuan tanpa garam. Tahap dua adalah pemeliharaan pascapengangkutan selama 21 hari. Setelah masa pengangkutan juvenil dari setiap perlakuan dan ulangan dipelihara 30 ekor per akuarium pada media bersalinitas 0 ppt. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan laju sintasan dan laju pertumbuhan pascapengangkutan tidak berbeda nyata pada setiap perlakuan. Glukosa darah dan pH darah perlahan kembali normal hingga pemeliharaan hari ke-21.
Pembetinaan ikan betok, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) menggunakan larutan susu dan kedelai melalui perendaman larva
Authors: Zuryani Helmi , Muslimin Boby , Khotimah Khusnul
Published: January 2019

The ability of climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) to grow effectively can be done for a sex reversal using natural steroids active ingredient which are derived from cow’s milk through immersion of the fish larvae. This research aims to increase the ratio of the female sex, survival, and growth of the larvae of climbing perch. The research material is a juvenile of 7 days old which is gained from induce breeding methods. The research was conducted at a hatchery. Sex ratio was observed in biology laboratory and water quality was observed in chemical laboratory of the University of Muhammadiyah Palembang from March to May 2016. Post-larva was immersed with three media for the treatment i.e. cow’s milk (P1), soya milk (P2) and the mix (P3). The immersion was done by 10 hours; used 2 ml L-1 dozed on each part and 50 post-larva were immersed on jar sized 10 liters. After immersing the post-larva was reared during 60 days in aquarium sized 30x30x30 cm3 for observation of sex ratio and growth. Sampling method used is a random sampling. The post-larva and water were observed every 10 days with 40% material sample of post-larva. The result showed that best grow is in P1 (61.11%). The length growth is 3.77 cm, biomass growth is 1.69 g, and produce sex ratio of female is 77.78%. AbstrakKemampuan ikan betok, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) untuk tumbuh secara efektif dapat dilakukan dengan pembe-tinaan menggunakan bahan aktif steroid alami yang berasal dari susu sapi melalui perendaman larva. Penelitian ini ber-tujuan untuk meningkatkan nisbah kelamin betina, sintasan, dan pertumbuhan larva ikan betok. Bahan uji pada peneliti-an ini adalah larva usia tujuh hari yang didapatkan dari hasil pemijahan induk dengan penyuntikan secara semi alami. Tempat pemeliharaan larva dilakukan di panti benih. Penentuan nisbah kelamin larva ikan dilakukan di laboratorium biologi dan pengamatan air diuji di Laboratorium Kimia Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang dari bulan Maret sampai bulan Mei 2016. Perlakuan uji dilakukan dengan perendaman larva pada media, yaitu susu sapi (P1), susu kedelai (P2), dan campuran keduanya (P3). Masing-masing perlakuan direndam selama 10 jam dengan dosis perlakuan sebesar 2ml L-1 dan larva sebanyak 50 ekor L-1direndam pada stoples ukuran 10 liter. Setelah proses peren-daman, larva dipelihara dalam akuarium ukuran 30x30x30 cm3 selama 60 hari untuk diamati nisbah kelamin dan tingkat pertumbuhannya. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah pengambilan sampel secara acak. Sampling pada ikan uji dan air diamati setiap 10 hari sekali dengan jumlah sampling sebanyak 40% pada ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan perendaman dengan larutan susu sapi adalah yang tertinggi, sintasan larva ikan betok sebesar 61,11%, per-tumbuhan panjang sebesar 3,77 cm, pertumbuhan bobot sebesar 1,69 g, dan nisbah kelamin betina sebesar 77,78% .
Iktiofauna air tawar Pulau Enggano, Indonesia
Authors: Hadiaty Renny Kurnia , Sauri Sopian
Published: January 2019

Enggano is an outer island of the archipelago country, Indonesia. A field survey of freshwater fish fauna conducted in Enggano island to get the information of the ichthyofauna of this island. The fish collected in 11 freshwaters. We got 457 fish specimens of 28 species in 11 families and three orders. One species, Stiphodon sp. suspected to be new to science and five species require further study to clarify their taxonomical status. All of the fish collected specimens deposited in 77 catalog numbers of Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB). The ichthyofauna of this island could be use as the basic data for the resource management of the Enggano island. AbstrakPulau Enggano merupakan satu pulau terluar dari negara kepulauan, Indonesia. Survei ikan air tawar dilakukan di Pulau Enggano dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi iktiofauna yang ada di pulau ini. Koleksi sampel ikan dilakukan di 11 perairan tawar. Kami memperoleh 457 spesimen dari 28 spesies yang termasuk dalam 11 famili dan 3 ordo. Satu jenis diantaranya, Stiphodon sp. diduga merupakan jenis baru dan lima jenis lainnya perlu dikaji lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui status taksonominya. Semua spesimen hasil koleksi dideposit di Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) dalam 77 nomor MZB. Diharapkan data iktiofauna pulau ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pertimbangan pemerintah daerah dalam pengelolaan sumber daya P. Enggano.
Temperature constraints shaped the migration routes of mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the Black Sea
Authors: Pauly Daniel , Keskin Çetin
Published: January 2019

Conventional narratives explain fish migrations in term of requirements (food, mates, habitats, etc.), with adequate temperatures being optional. Here, using the example of a (commercially extinct) stock of Black Sea mackerel (Scomber scombrus), we suggest that seasonal migrations are driven by seasonal temperature cycles. Therein, temperature acts as a constraint determining where the fish can be at any given time, and not a one of several factors which they would consider when choosing between alternative migration routes. Generalizing, we suggest that temperature should generally be an explicit part of hypotheses about the migratory behaviours of marine fishes. For illustration of what may occur when this is not the case, it is suggested that the non-consideration of temperature in a model of North Atlantic mackerel migration may have led, among the researchers concerned, to a sense of complacency with respect to the climate change-induced changes in the phenology of this fish in the North Atlantic, whose distribution and migration are misleadingly seen as “stochastic”.
Taxonomical and ecological characteristics of Centropages ponticus (Copepoda, Calanoida) from the saline Lake Mir (Dugi Otok, Adriatic Sea)
Authors: Kršinić Frano
Published: January 2019

Calanoid copepod Centropages ponticus, endemic to the Mediterranean and Black Sea, is the only pelagic copepod species which was found in the closed ecosystem of the saline Lake Mir on Dugi Otok, eastern Adriatic Sea. This paper presents some important morphological characteristics and the annual population structure investigated from November 1999 to October 2000 at one station in the deepest part of Lake Mir. Investigation topics included the temporal distribution and abundances of nauplii, copepodites and adult specimens, as well as the density of their faecal pellets. It would appear that only C. ponticus is adapted to the extreme conditions of the lake, low winter and high summer temperatures, as well as long period of hypersaline conditions. During the summer-autumn period, the abundances of nauplii, copepodites and adult specimens reach extreme values. Lake Mir is ecologically very interesting and generally among very rare habitats. Our results suggest the necessity for further complex research of this natural laboratory for the purpose of its full protection.
Setting-up a billboard of marine invasive species in the ESENIAS area
Authors: Karachle Paraskevi K. , Zenetos Argyro , Uysal Irfan , Surugiu Victor , Stefanova Kremena , Stefanova Elitsa , Skolka Marius , Shenkar Noa , Ivanova Petya , Galanidi Marika , Dzhembekova Nina , Dulčić Jakov , Crocetta Fabio , Corsini Foka Maria
Published: January 2019

In this study we present a list of invasive/potential invasive alien species in the East and South European Network for Invasive Alien Species (ESENIAS) countries with marine borders. The species were classified according to the existing literature and experts’ judgment, as established, casual, invasive and expected. Finally, factsheets were compiled for ten species of high importance based on their expanding/invading character. Of the 160 species comprising the list, 149 were already present in the ESENIAS countries, while eleven were invasive species either present in the Mediterranean or in other European Seas, likely to be recorded in the ESENIAS countries. The majority of the species were of Red Sea/IndoPacific origin (97 species; 60.6%). Italy, Turkey and Greece were the countries with the highest representation of species (159, 152 and 139 species respectively), due to their extended coastline and the number of scholars working on marine invasive species. The highest number of established species was recorded in Turkey (116 species), whereas in Italy and Greece the most numerous species were the “expected” ones (85 and 48 species, respectively). The eastern Adriatic Sea countries (i.e. Albania, Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia) had generally low numbers of species in this list, many of which are still “expected” to arrive from the neighbouring countries of Greece and Italy. Finally, the most frequently potential pathway was transfer stowaways (ship ballast water: 41 cases; ship hull fouling: 55), whereas unaided spread of Lessepsian immigrants followed (95 cases). This list is intended to serve as an early warning system that through horizon scanning process would assist ESENIAS countries to prioritise invasive alien species, their pathways and the areas of higher likelihood to appear, in order to take management measures.
High gain and Low power Up conversion Mixer for Wireless LAN Applications
Authors: M Ananda , Kalpana A B
Published: January 2019

This work aims an efficient RF Up-Conversion Mixer at Intermediate frequency of 100MHz and Local oscillator frequency of 2.3GHz. The proposed RF Up-Conversion Mixer exhibited better performance in terms of parameter like conversion gain and power consumption. The Simulation of Up-Conversion Mixer shows that the results of voltage conversion gain with LO power at 0dB is 5dB, at 5dB is 4.9dB, and at 10dB is 4.7dB. The power consumption of proposed design is 6mW. The 1dB compression point is -5.43dBm and third order intercept point is 10.53dBm.
Experimental precision study of types and of the chemical composition of nonmetallic inclusions in radial section of the railway axis by the method of the electronic microscopy and x-ray spectral microanalysis
Authors: Gasik M.I. , Klimchik Y.V. , Gasik L.I. , Gorobets A.P. , Chaika D.А. , Bortnikov Y.N.
Published: January 2019

Purpose. Investigation of the structure and composition of non-metallic inclusions in the radial section of the draft railway axis obtained from continuously cast billets.
Methodology. Studies were conducted on samples of steel EA1N using electron microscopy of X-ray spectroscopy analysis.
Results. It has been established that during cooling of the melt and crystallization of the metal of a continuously cast billet, inclusions close in composition to quasi-equilibrium states of binary and ternary oxide systems are formed.
Originality. The structures and composition of heterophase inclusions formed in the central part by spinel MgO * Al2O3 with the (Ca, Mn) S sulfide phase shell are identified.
Practical value. The results of the study determine the modes of deoxidation and alloying of the axial metal during out-of-furnace treatment at LF and VD.