bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OLIY TA’LIM MUASSASALARIDA MASOFAVIY TA’LIM MAZMUNI VA TA’LIM JARAYONINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISHNING DIDAKTIK – USLUBIY TA’MINOTI
Authors: Axmadjonova Farangiz
Published: September 2023

O’qish va o’rganish bu insonning mukammal bo’lishga intilishining boshlanishidir. Shunisi ma’lumki, ilm va bilim qanchalik rivojlangan bo’lsa, ilm olishni o’rganish va metodlarini o’zgartirish uchun ko’proq ehtiyoj talab etiladi. Bugungi kunda masofaviy ta’lim eng muqobil yo’nalishlardan biri bo’lib, uni yuzma-yuz yoki an’anaviy ta’lim bilan almashtirish mumkin va bu oliy ta’limning rivojlanishidagi ustuvor  yunalishlaridan biridir. Masofaviy ta’limni buyuk olim Xolmberg, uzluksiz ta’lim deb ta’riflaydi. Darhaqiqat, bunda uqituvchi va talaba makon va zamonga nisbatan bir-biridan ajralib turadi va bu uning asosiy xususiyatlaridan biri hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada ham masofaviy uqitishning ahamiyati afxalliklari bilan bir qatorda uning pedagigik, didaktik uslubiy ta’minoti haqida to’xtalinadi.
Managing aspects of the implementation of the practice of dispatcher-assisted first aid for cardiac arrest in the Russian Federation (literature review)
Authors: Birkun Aleksei A. , Dezhurny Leonid I.
Published: September 2023

High death rates in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are mainly associated with failure of bystanders to provide lifesaving help before arrival of medical professionals. This constitutes a major problem for present-day Russia and determines the urgent need to take managing measures aimed at maximizing involvement of the lay public into the process of resuscitation and first aid provision. Based on an analysis of contemporary scientific literature, this paper provides a justification for creation and implementation of a unified coordinated program of dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR), when dispatchers of emergency services provide witnesses of cardiac arrest with instructions on how to perform resuscitation over the telephone in Russia. In particular, the article describes the foreign experience of implementation of DA-CPR programs that confirms a high effectiveness of the dispatcher support as it applies to outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; it discusses a place of DA-CPR in current international guidelines on management of cardiac arrest; and it gives an analysis of managing and legal prerequisites for implementation of DA-CPR into the daily work of emergency medical services and 112-emergency system in Russia, including the existing dispatching infrastructure for implementation of the DA-CPR program, and current legal framework that regulates management and operation of the emergency services that provide remote consultations on health protection for the public. Based on the analysis, priority managing measures were identified aimed at effective and unified implementation of the DA-CPR in Russia. For relevant literature, we searched Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Russian Science Citation Index.
Assessment of socio-economic losses from premature mortality of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan (for 2002–2020)
Authors: Chashchin Valery P. , Askarov Rasul A. , Askarova Zagira F. , Lakman Irina A. , Frants Marina V.
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the study is to assess the socio–economic losses caused by premature mortality of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan from the main classes of causes of death.
Material and methods. The work used statistical data on the Republic of Bashkortostan. The data cover all deaths in the population aged 1 to 69 years. The “Potential Years of Life Lost” (PYLL) and short received Gross Regional Product (GRP) per capita were used as indicators for assessing economic losses.
Results. The socio-economic damage from the main causes of death of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2002–2020 has been calculated. The shares of the contribution of premature mortality to PYLL in 2020 were determined for the following causes: diseases of the circulatory system (27.8%), external causes (20.8%), neoplasms (12.3%), infectious and parasitic diseases (5.9%), respiratory diseases (9.1%), diseases of digestive organs (8.6%). The overall structure of mortality by causes differed significantly from the structure of PYLL by causes. In terms of the level of damage caused per 1 death, infectious and parasitic diseases, external causes, diseases of the digestive system in men and women in 2020 significantly exceed diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the respiratory system, and neoplasms. As a result of health losses, the economy of the Republic of Bashkortostan lost 36.9 billion rubles. or 10.43% of GRP, while considering only mortality from the main causes.
Research limitations. The study was conducted on the available aggregated statistical data, primary data were not used. All calculations were carried out by the authors themselves.
Conclusion. When making decisions related to the development of programs to preserve and support the health of the population, one should focus on the damage to the economy from losses associated with premature mortality, measured in potential years of life lost and short received GRP due to death.
Comparison of 99mTc-HMPAO-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy findings with systemic inflammatory markers
Authors: ERTÜRK Seyit Ahmet , HASBEK Zekiye
Published: September 2023

Aims: Technetium-99m-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) labeled leukocyte scintigraphy is frequently used for infection imaging. The systemic immune-inflammation index is a new marker. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between 99mTc-HMPAO-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy findings and systemic inflammatory markers such as Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (NLR) and Platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII).

Methods: Patients who underwent 99mTc-HMPAO-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy between 2014 and 2020 due to suspected infection such as diabetic foot infection or prosthesis infection vs. in any part of the body were included in our study. In addition, a negative control group consisting of 19 normal subjects who had no leukocyte scintigraphy and had hemogram examination was added to the study. Cases with findings consistent with infection in labeled leukocyte scintigraphy and infectious symptoms in this area of involvement in the clinical examination were considered as the positive group. The data were evaluated with the SPSS 23.0 program.

Results: Our study included 36 patients (28 males,8 females, mean age: 59.7). The mean SII was 1526±787 x109 cells/L in patients with positive findings in leukocyte scintigraphy that might be compatible with infection, while it was 1025 ± 370 x109 cells/L in patients who did not (p=0.017). The mean PLR was 183.95±68.30 in patients with positive findings in leukocyte scintigraphy that might be compatible with infection, while it was 145.81±58.30 in patients who did not (p=0.102). The mean NLR was 4.82±1.91 in patients with positive findings on leukocyte scintigraphy that might be compatible with infection, while it was 4.15±1.40 in patients who did not (p=0.181). While the negative control group and the patients who were considered positive in leukocyte scintigraphy were compared; a statistically significant difference was found between SII, NLR and PLR values. When the relationship between SII was evaluated, the mean SII was 1526±787 x109 cells/L in patients with involvement that may be compatible with infection in leukocyte scintigraphy, while it was 762±224 x109 cells/L in the negative control group (p
Is borderline oligohydramnios a problem at term pregnancy? a prospective study of a tertiary hospital
Authors: SEYFETTİNOĞLU Sevtap , ADIGÜZEL Işıl , ARLIER Sefa , MERT Mustafa Kurthan , ADIGÜZEL Cevdet , SAKCAK Bedri , NAZİK Hakan
Published: September 2023

Aims: The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis and ascertain the perinatal and early postnatal outcomes in term pregnant women who have a borderline amniotic fluid index (AFI) in comparison to those with a normal AFI.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 376 pregnant women of 37-42 weeks gestational age. Ultrasound evaluation was performed, and the AFI was calculated. Borderline and normal AFI were defined as 5.1 < AFI < 8 cm and 8.1 < AFI < 24 cm, respectively. Age, body mass index, gestational age at delivery, gravida, and parity were compared between the borderline and normal AFI groups, patient demographics, obstetric data, and information on delivery complications data were recorded. Newly born babies received a thorough physical evaluation and were followed up for two months by a neonatologist. Umbilical artery pH, birth weight, admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), neonatal complications were also reported.

Results: There were 202 patients in the borderline AFI group and 174 patients in the normal AFI group. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of normal delivery, operative vaginal delivery, elective cesarean delivery, or emergency cesarean delivery (p=0.088). Apgar score at 5 minutes, umbilical artery pH value, birth weight, admission to the NICU, small for gestational age, and cesarean delivery for non-reassuring fetal heart rate testing were not statistically different between the groups (p=0.139, p=0.644, p=0.790, p=0.317, and p=0.16, respectively)

Conclusion: Our study indicates that borderline oligohydramnios does not have an adverse effect on perinatal or early postnatal outcomes in term pregnancy.
Distribution of yeasts in fungal urinary tract infections from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: ALTINBAŞ Rabiye , BİLDİRİCİ Yaşar
Published: September 2023

Aims: Urinary tract infections caused by fungi in critically ill patients steadily increasing in recent years. Fungiuria is a marker of contamination, colonization, or infection in the lower or upper urinary tract. As urinary catheters especially long-term usage was the most important risk factor for fungiuria. The identification of yeast isolates at the species level is crucial for the appropriate management of infection. We conducted this study to describe the epidemiological features of fungiuria in patients.

Methods: The yeast species were identified by using conventional methods and automated systems. Demographic data were recorded from the electronic medical records.

Results: Candida albicans, were predominant compared to non-albicans Candida species and yeast-like fungi. Among non-albicans Candida, the most common species were Candida tropicalis followed by Candida glabrata complex. Fungiuria was more common in females than in males. Underlying conditions were present in patients the most common risk factors were antibiotic therapy before the detection of yeasts and using a urinary catheter.

Conclusion: Epidemiological data and antimicrobial therapy play an important role in the treatment of urinary tract infections. For this reason, the identification of fungi at the species level is critical to assist the decision on antifungal therapy in complex cases. In all patients with fungal growth in urine culture, the underlying risk factors should be evaluated first. Depending on the correction of risk factors, fungiuria may resolve spontaneously. This is seen as the best approach both to reduce treatment costs and to prevent resistance to antifungals.
Edukasi Pemanfaatan Limbah Cangkang Telur menjadi Pupuk Organik
Authors: Mardhiah Ainal , Wardani Sari , Silviana Mery , Meliyana Meliyana , Ma'wa Ma'wa , Gustiana Gustiana , Akhyar Miftahul
Published: September 2023

Desa lamnga kabupaten aceh besar kaya akan sumber daya baik dibidang pertanian dan perikanan dan lahan perkarangan di miliki cukup luas untuk kegiatan budidaya sayuran. Salah satu aktifitas yang dikegemari oleh masyarakat setempat khusunya ibu-ibu adalah menanam sayur-sayuran pada lahan perkarangan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan serat keluarga mereka. Pupuk yang digunakan yaitu pupuk kimia yang mereka beli di toko pertanian yang harganya pun mengalami peningkatan, meskipun begitu ada juga beberapa masyarakat yang menggunakan pupuk organic dari sekam dan kotoran hewan. Tujuan PKM ini untuk memperkenalkan dan memberikan edukasi tentang pemanfaatan limbah cangkang telur sebagai pupuk Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di desa lamnga menunjukkan bahwa Persepsi masyarakat terhadap kegiatan ini sangat positif, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan antusias masyarakat untuk ikut berpartisipasi dan berdiskusi terkait dengan manfaat cangkang telur dan pengolahan limbah cangkang telur menjadi pupuk organic. Kegiatan edukasi ini memberikan wawasan baru bagi masyarakat untuk dapat mengelola limbah cangkang telur menjadi pupuk organic, selain itu edukasi ini juga dapat membatu masyarakat setempat untuk menjaga kelstarian lingkungan agar tetap terjaga dan tetap lestariKata kunci : Edukasi, Cangkang Telur, Pupuk Organik
Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for Researchers at Different Levels & Strategies to Achieve it
Authors: Aithal P. S. , Aithal Shubhrajyotsna
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) serve as essential tools for academic researchers across various stages of their careers, from PhD research level to the post-doctorate research level, and even for research supervisors. These quantitative and qualitative metrics play a pivotal role in guiding and evaluating research endeavours, fostering accountability, and enhancing the overall quality and impact of academic work. KPIs play a critical role in shaping the trajectory of academic researchers' careers. They provide a structured way to measure and enhance research productivity, impact, and collaboration, thereby contributing to the advancement of knowledge and the overall enrichment of the academic community. It is academically interesting to know KPTs for PhD scholars’ level, post-doctorate scholars level, and research supervisors level. Methodology/Approach: The exploratory research method is adopted to analyze, compare, evaluate, interpret, and create KPIs at different academic research levels. The information is collected from scholarly articles using listed keywords with the help of search engines like Google.com, Google scholar, Organizational websites, and AI machines like ChatGPT and Bard. Using this relevant information, KPIs at different research levels are obtained. These KPIs at different academic research levels are further analysed using ABCD analysis framework. Findings/Result: Many KPIs are identified and listed at PhD scholars’ level, post-doctorate scholars level, and research supervisors level. Using ABCD analysis framework, these KPIs are analysed and evaluated. It is believed that the identified KPIs systematically in this research are going to be guiding policies for academic researchers at PhD scholars level, post-doctorate scholars level, and research supervisors level. Originality/Value: For the first time, the key performance indicators (KPIs) are identified systematically and presented using exploratory research method. It is believed that like in business organizations of other industries, these key indicators are expected to be guiding principles to enhance the academic research productivity of higher education and research institutions at PhD scholars level, post-doctorate scholars level, and research supervisors level. Type of Paper: Explorative Policy Research.
PSİKOLOJİK DANIŞMAN ADAYLARININ YAŞLILARA YÖNELİK TUTUMLARI
Authors: Karcı Ahmet , Kumcağız Hatice
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı psikolojik danışman adaylarının yaşlılara yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesidir. Bu araştırma ilişkisel araştırma düzeylerinden korelasyonel bir araştırmadır. Araştırmada tüm evrene ulaşılmaya çalışılmış olup araştırmaya 142 kişi katılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Yaşlılara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Bu araştırmada istatistiksel analizler IBM SPSS 18 programı aracılığıyla yapılmıştır. Verileri analiz etmek için bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda psikolojik danışman adaylarının yaşlılara yönelik tutumlarının; büyükbaba veya büyükannenin yaşama durumu, evde yaşlı bireyler ile yaşama isteme, sınıf düzeyi ve yaşanılan yer değişkenlere göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Büyükbaba veya büyükannesi hayatta olmayanların, evde yaşlı bireyler ile yaşamayı isteyenlerin, 2. Sınıfların 4. Sınıflara göre ve ilçede yaşayan psikolojik danışmanların köyde yaşayanlara göre yaşlılara yönelik olumlu bir tutuma sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Öte yandan psikolojik danışman adaylarının yaşlılara yönelik tutumlarının; cinsiyet; evde büyükbaba veya büyükanne ile yaşama durumu, anne eğitim düzeyi, baba eğitim düzeyi, aile yapılarına göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği bulunmuştur.
Chest pain as an atypical symptom of acute cholecystitis
Authors: Kovaříková Veronika , Tůma Jiří , Maceček Jaroslav
Published: September 2023

Summary: Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms addressed in the internal emergency department and has a broad differential diagnosis. They can be of cardiac or non-cardiac origin. They are generally caused by diseases of the intrathoracic organs, possibly also organs of adjacent regions (neck and abdomen) and involvement of musculoskeletal structures of the chest wall. They often signal an acute, life- -threatening disease and therefore require prompt diagnosis with immediate causal therapy. The history revealed by these complaints is often not typical, they are usually not fully expressed, and even the patient himself is often unable to specify them well. The presented case report describes an interesting case of complicated acute cholecystitis, the initial symptom of which was chest pain with suspicion of acute pulmonary embolism. Physical findings in the abdomen were negative throughout, and inflammatory changes in the gallbladder were noted as an incidental finding on CT angiography, which excluded pulmonary embolism. On further investigation, subcapsular hematoma and hemoperitoneum were diagnosed. After transfer to a higher unit, perforation of the hepatic capsule at the border with the gallbladder bed was detected peroperatively. A cholecystectomy was performed with treatment of venous hemorrhage of the liver parenchyma. Histological description of the resection confirmed phlegmonous inflammation. This case report highlights the importance of differential diagnosis of other possible non-cardiac causes of chest pain, including consideration of unusual causes of ECG waveform changes and elevation of cardiac markers. Effective multidisciplinary collaboration is key as this is a life-threatening condition. Key words: cholecystitis – chest pain – Cope’s sign – ECG changes – bradycardia
Switch from biosimilar infliximab CT-P13 to biosimilar infliximab SB-2 in the long-term maintenance therapy in IBD patients – prospective observational study
Authors: Lukáš Milan , Hrubá Veronika , Reissigová Jindra , Černá Karin , Machková Naděžda , Ďuricová Dana , Kolář Martin , Čermáková Lea , Lukáš Milan
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Therapeutical switch from originator to biosimilar infliximab has been proved as effective and safety procedure. We have a few information about non-medical swich from one biosimilar to the another biosimilar infiximab. Aim: This is a prospective observational study from one tercial IBD center, performed in 2021 and 2022 which was focused on efficacy and safety after switch from infliximab CT-P13 to infliximab SB-2 in patients with IBD. Methods: The cohort group comprised with 287 patients with IBD who have been consecutively treated with infliximab CT-P13 and they were switched to infliximab SB-2. All the re cruited patients were in clinical and biological sustained remission at mean for 6 months before the switch. Results: We proved that persistence on infliximab SB-2 therapy after the switch was 86.4% of treated patients, no significant changes in clinical inflammatory activities and biological parameters have been detected after the switch. The therapy termination due to side effects or loss of response in 39 patients (13.9%) has been detected due to lost of clinical response, side effects or lost of follow-up. No higher immunogenicity after the switch was found. Conclusion: Non-medical switch from one biosimilar infliximab (CT-P13) to another one (SB-2) was not associated with higher risks of disease destabilisation or immunogenicity. Keywords inflammatory bowel disease, biosimilar infliximab CT-P13, biosimilar infliximab SB-2, therapeutical switch
Factores clave para la diversificación productiva: oportunidades para el diseño de estrategias industriales regionales en México
Authors: García Benavides Francisco , Gómez-Zaldívar Fernando
Published: September 2023

En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión sistemática de la literatura internacional sobre los factores que impulsan una diversificación económica exitosa que pueden ser objeto de políticas públicas y de estrategias industriales regionales. Mediante la identificación, la evaluación y la integración de los estudios empíricos más relevantes y de alta calidad en el tema, fueron identificados los mecanismos más determinantes para alcanzar una diversificación productiva que impulse el crecimiento económico de los países y regiones. Los principales resultados son discutidos considerando las características para su implementación regional en México.
Pattern of Illness in Prisoners Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital of South Eastern Rajasthan
Authors: Shekhawat B S , Swami R , Meena V
Published: September 2023

The delivery of health care among prisoners is one of the most important aspects of improving human rights compliance. Estimating common healthcare problems in prisoners will be helpful in assessing their health status and recommending the rectifying steps. Therefore, knowing the types of morbidities will help us in making health policies which will be helpful in reducing the health burden in prisoners and will also help in reintegration of prisoners into mainstream society. The present study is a retrospective analysis to find out the common medical conditions in prisoners. The study was carried out by collecting data of 500 admitted prisoner in a tertiary care institute in south-east Rajasthan. The majority (95.2%) of referred prisoners were male, from age group of 30-39 years, mean age of prisoners being 39.6 years and the majority (90%) were referred from Central Jail, Kota. The majority (53.2%) of prisoners were admitted to medicine department followed by psychiatry department (26.4%). A higher prevalence of anemia and pulmonary tuberculosis was reported among prisoners. Surgical illness related to infectious etiology and poor personal hygiene was common in prisoners. Psychosis not specified (17%), schizophrenia (8%), mixed anxiety depressive disorder (8%) and substance use disorders (16%) were common psychiatric conditions. Mean duration of hospitalization was 9 days.
Role-plays as an assessment tool in English as a foreign language (EFL) class
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Rojas Encalada María
Published: September 2023

Individuals´ learning of a second or foreign language has been traditionally measured with paper-and-pencil tests. Unfortunately, such assessment practice prevents learners from demonstrating the skills gained throughout the teachinglearning processes and thus, their actual ability to use the target language effectively. It also limits learners from receiving positive feedback; which opens doors for them to improve their language skills. The language teaching field demands that English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers have a vast knowledge of the fundamental concepts and theories that surround the assessment of EFL learning. It also requires that professionals who teach a foreign language keep up to date with assessment tendencies that go beyond paper-and-pencil tests as is the case of authentic assessments. Assessment practices that go beyond traditional paper-and-pencil tests provide students with opportunities to be assessed in mental stress-free environments. Teachers who promote this alternative form of assessment prompt learners to perform real-world tasks so that they can demonstrate their capability to apply essential knowledge and skills in creative and meaningful ways. In other words, teachers gain insights about how much students have grasped by their actual ability to perform in a specific situation instead of the number right or wrong answers they have made on a test.
Authentic assessment & practical tools to reduce test anxi ety
Authors:   University of Illinois at Chicago, Bonarek Rebecca , Fabre-Merchan Paolo ,   Universidad estatal de milagro, Villavicencio Gordon Gabriela ,   Yachay Tech
Published: September 2023

Individuals´ learning of a second or foreign language has been traditionally measured with paper-and-pencil tests. Unfortunately, such assessment practice prevents learners from demonstrating the skills gained throughout the teachinglearning processes and thus, their actual ability to use the target language effectively. It also limits learners from receiving positive feedback; which opens doors for them to improve their language skills. The language teaching field demands that English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers have a vast knowledge of the fundamental concepts and theories that surround the assessment of EFL learning. It also requires that professionals who teach a foreign language keep up to date with assessment tendencies that go beyond paper-and-pencil tests as is the case of authentic assessments. Assessment practices that go beyond traditional paper-and-pencil tests provide students with opportunities to be assessed in mental stress-free environments. Teachers who promote this alternative form of assessment prompt learners to perform real-world tasks so that they can demonstrate their capability to apply essential knowledge and skills in creative and meaningful ways. In other words, teachers gain insights about how much students have grasped by their actual ability to perform in a specific situation instead of the number right or wrong answers they have made on a test.
Literature circles, Google apps and corrective feedback to assess language learning
Authors:   Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Intriago Palacios Eder , Villafuerte Holguín Johnny ,   Universidad Nacional de Loja
Published: September 2023

Individuals´ learning of a second or foreign language has been traditionally measured with paper-and-pencil tests. Unfortunately, such assessment practice prevents learners from demonstrating the skills gained throughout the teachinglearning processes and thus, their actual ability to use the target language effectively. It also limits learners from receiving positive feedback; which opens doors for them to improve their language skills. The language teaching field demands that English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers have a vast knowledge of the fundamental concepts and theories that surround the assessment of EFL learning. It also requires that professionals who teach a foreign language keep up to date with assessment tendencies that go beyond paper-and-pencil tests as is the case of authentic assessments. Assessment practices that go beyond traditional paper-and-pencil tests provide students with opportunities to be assessed in mental stress-free environments. Teachers who promote this alternative form of assessment prompt learners to perform real-world tasks so that they can demonstrate their capability to apply essential knowledge and skills in creative and meaningful ways. In other words, teachers gain insights about how much students have grasped by their actual ability to perform in a specific situation instead of the number right or wrong answers they have made on a test.
Hendrick Goltzius: Painting with Colored Chalk
Authors: Kettering Alison
Published: September 2023

During the first half of the 1590s, Hendrick Goltzius created several large colored-chalk portraits of his artist friends, as well as two self-portraits. Mid-career, he traveled from Haarlem to Italy, encountering drawings and oil paintings that suggested new possibilities for employing color in portraiture. Already renowned as a graphic artist, Goltzius began to refashion himself as a master of color. I argue that these brilliant drawings provide valuable insight into his transition from linear expression to full-fledged oil painting in 1600. Equally important, they demonstrate an expansion of his technical prowess, using colored chalks (and washes) to evoke the presence and personality of sitters, especially through glowing flesh. Taken as a group, these presentation drawings gain resonance by representing a community of artists, bound by friendship and profession.
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes associated with autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Authors: Jankowska Katarzyna , Dudek Piotr , Stasiek Małgorzata , Suchta Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APSs), also called autoimmune polyglandular syndromes, are a group of autoimmune diseases characterized by the co-occurrence of dysfunctions of several (at least two) endocrine glands. They develop under the influence of environmental factors in genetically predisposed people. Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes may accompany autoimmune rheumatic diseases and worsen their course – APS-2 and APS-3 are the most common. The APS-2 includes the coexistence of, e.g. Hashimoto’s disease, celiac disease and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In APS-3, rheumatic diseases such as RA, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjögren’s syndrome may coexist with Hashimoto’s disease, type 1 diabetes and hypogonadism or other endocrinopathies.
Undiagnosed endocrine diseases may be the reason for the intensification of metabolic disorders observed in the course of rheumatic diseases, cause the ineffectiveness of rheumatological treatment and also increase the frequency of bone fractures due to osteoporosis, cardiovascular complications and even miscarriages when coexistent, e.g. Hashimoto’s disease with hypothyroiditis, which increases the risk of pregnancy loss.
It is important to be able to conduct an extensive interview, paying attention to the symptoms of possible endocrinopathy as well as the features of other autoimmune disorders in the physical examination (e.g. vitiligo or darkening of the skin in Addison’s disease). Depending on the history and physical examination, screening for various APSs is advised.
Primary hyperparathyroidism: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and evaluation according to the Fifth International Workshop guidelines
Authors: Kochman Magdalena
Published: September 2023

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a frequent endocrine disease which mainly affects the skeletal system and kidney. Some of its signs and symptoms are similar to those seen in rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren’s disease, fibromyalgia, polymyalgia rheumatica, gout or systemic lupus erythematosus. Coexistence of primary hyperparathyroidism with those pathologies potentiate their effects on muscles, bones and joints, increasing the risk of complications such as osteoporosis and fractures. Therefore, rheumatologists should be familiar with symptoms and diagnostic criteria of PHPT and consider it in the differential diagnosis of rheumatic diseases.
In 2022 the Fifth International Workshop guidelines on the PHPT evaluation and management were published. They are based on a profound analysis of advances in research concerning multiple fields, that include genetics, outcomes and new imaging modalities of PHPT. They have led to revision of previous renal indications for parathyroidectomy in PHPT. There is also more evidence for the other recommendations regarding evaluation of the disease.
This article summarizes the most relevant elements of these recommendations and refers them to Polish realities. I focus on the symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism and its diagnosis as I consider these areas to be the most important for non-endocrinologists.
Pregnancy- and lactation-related osteoporosis: an important topic also for rheumatologists
Authors: Misiorowski Waldemar
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Material and methods

Results

Conclusions
THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER - ASD
Authors: Maia Cardoso Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

This article brings a bibliographic review on the contributions of Assistive Technology in the perspective of inclusive education for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder - ASD. The general objective is to investigate how the use of Assistive Technology can favor the teaching and learning of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The investigation of the subject takes place through a bibliographical review, with a descriptive purpose, with data processing through a qualitative approach. The bibliographic procedure allows one to become aware of relevant material, based on what has already been published in relation to the subject, so that a new approach can be outlined on the same, reaching conclusions that can serve as a basis for the research. Any published information (printed or electronic) is likely to become a source of consultation. The conclusion points out that Assistive Technology can provide people with Autism Spectrum Disorder with the means to access and participate in educational, social and recreational opportunities, strengthening physical and mental function and improving self-esteem, in addition to reducing the costs of educational services and of individual support. By improving access to education and increasing school performance, Assistive Technology (AT) can have a positive socioeconomic effect on the lives of children with disabilities.
Technological experiments on the processing of dross with the production of commercial products
Authors:   Satbayev University, Zholdasbay Е.Е. , Koishina G.M. ,   Satbayev University, Tazhiev Е.B. ,   Satbayev University, Dosmukhamedov N.K. ,   Satbayev University, Icheva Yu.B. ,   Zhezkazgan University named after O.A. Baikonurov
Published: September 2023

The increase in the production of hot-dip galvanizing products is accompanied not only by an increase in the yield of dross, but also by its accumulation, due to the lack of rational processing technology. In this paper, the results of balance experiments on the processing of metal and oxidized fractions previously isolated from dross are presented. The effect of the consumption of such chlorinating reagents as CaCl2 and NH4Cl is studied in this work. The obtained results fully confirmed the previously obtained data established in the conditions of laboratory studies. It is shown that the melting of the metal fraction of dross at T = 450°C for 60 minutes with the addition of 2% NH4Cl from the weight of the initial sample ensures the production of a pure zinc ingot that practically does not contain impurity metals. Under the conditions of burning the oxidized component with the addition of 6% CaCl2 from the weight of the initial sample, the maximum removal of lead from the cinder was achieved from 0.35 to 0.002%. At the same time, it is not possible to achieve a decrease in the iron content in the stub. Its final content in the cinder is 0.25%. Under the conditions of burning the oxidized component of dross together with NH4Cl, at its optimal consumption equal to 15% of the weight of the initial sample, high-quality zinc oxide was obtained, suitable for its use as a mineral additive in animal and bird feed. Extraction of metals-impurities in the sublimates the conditions of burning at T = 1000°C and the duration 60 min, was, %: Cu, Ni, Fe -75%; Pb, Cd - 98%.
Investigation of phase formation during roasting of chromium pellets by the thermodynamic simulation method
Authors:   Aktobe regional university named after K. Zhubanov, Yessengaliyev D.A. , Kelamanov B.S. ,   Aktobe regional university named after K. Zhubanov, Tazhiyev Ye.B. ,   Satbayev University, Santai T.S. ,   Aktobe regional university named after K. Zhubanov, Tastayev Zh.M. ,   Aktobe regional university named after K. Zhubanov
Published: September 2023

One of the ways to optimize the quality of production of chromium raw materials is to introduce slags capable of forming a slow-melting silicate compound to improve technical and economic indicators. The reason for the choice of these components is that they are used to regulate the slag mode in the process of melting ferrochrome alloy. The article presents the results of thermodynamic changes in the use of free chromium slag in the high-temperature zone and easily melting aluminosilicate slags of various compositions. Thermodynamic modeling during the firing of chrome pellets was carried out using the “TERRA” software package. Full thermodynamic modeling was carried out on the basis of a multicomponent CaO-MgO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 system at a temperature range of 800-1800°C and at a pressure of 0.1 MPа. As initial data for determining the parameters of thermodynamic equilibrium for the actual compositions of the chromium pellet firing charges, the host rock of chromium ore (the host part of the rock) and fluxing additives (aluminosilicate material) with different ratios were used. It was found that with the following optimal content of the fluxing material: SiO2 50-55%; Al2O3 14-16%; CaO 12-14%; MgO 5-8%; FeO 5-8%, the sintering process of chrome pellets can be carried out at relatively low temperatures (1200-1300°C). As a result, phase compositions with low melting points (CaAl2Si2O8, CaMg (Si2O6), MgSiO3) were determined, where they can affect the technical and economic performance of the production of chrome pellets
The use of phytoremediation technologies for the purification of soils contaminated with heavy metals
Authors:   Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Sagymbayeva A.M. , Tomlekova N.B. ,   Maritsa Vegatable Crops Research Institute, Anapiyayev B.B. ,   Satbayev University
Published: September 2023

Heavy metals are among the most toxic pollutants in the environment. This paper presents data on contaminated soils with heavy metals of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The ways of their solution are proposed and characterized. Soil contamination with heavy metals is one of the urgent problems of geoecology, they will be transferred to the soil around the storage facility and pose a great threat to the ecosystem, agricultural system and human health. Several methods are already being used to clean the environment of these types of pollutants, but most of them are expensive and far from their optimal performance. The use of plants for cleaning the environment became an effective and cost-effective method only after hyperaccumulative plants were discovered, capable of accumulating up to 5% of nickel, zinc or copper in their tissues in terms of dry weight, that is, tens of times more than ordinary plants. The article provides an overview of phytoremediation technology as an improved method of soil purification. Different types of plants are considered as hyperaccumulators. Hyperaccumulating plants are found in different families and each of them plays an important role in phytoremediation. Since each of them is unique in its own way and each has its own response to the presence of heavy metals in the soil. The increased interest in this new technology is also explained by the fact that plants are hyperaccumulators of heavy metals, with high efficiency can be used on large areas. This property increases the efficiency of this technology and increases the demand.
On the issue of thermal destruction of coal matter
Authors:   Karaganda technical university, Mullagaliyeva L.F. , Baimukhametov S.К. ,   Karaganda technical university, Portnov V.S. ,   Karaganda technical university, Yurov V.М. ,   Karaganda technical university
Published: September 2023

The proposed article provides a model of the thermodynamic properties of coal matter and coal methane. It is shown that methane in the Karaganda coal basin is present mainly in the form of a solid solution. It is necessary to energetically influence the solid solution of coal methane itself and bring it to destruction with the release of methane. It was found that due to the greater number of gas molecules or more volatile substances, the activation energy, on the contrary, decreases. It is shown that the lower the Gibbs energy of the carbohydrate, the lower the activation energy for the decomposition of methane coal. It was found that the activation energy is numerically equal to the molar mass of coal, the expression for which has been recently obtained. The final conclusion is that in order to extract methane from unloaded coal seams, where methane is in a solid solution state, it is necessary to supply energy to the coal seam in order to heat this seam to a temperature of 35ºС, when the methane is free. According to Kazakh researchers, the most effective way to heat coal is a method based on the action of a high-voltage electromagnetic field on a coal seam.
Key aspects of the efficiency of the technology for cleaning waste gases of thermal power plants from SO2, NOx, CO2 and practical recommendations for its implementation
Authors: Dosmukhamedov N.K. , Zholdasbay E.E. ,   Satbayev University, Icheva Yu.B. ,   Zhezkazgan University named after O.A. Baikonurov
Published: September 2023

In this paper, based on the results obtained, a general assessment of the integrated waste gas treatment technology of the TPP was carried out in terms of its technological and environmental-economic efficiency. The principal possibility of implementing the technology of cleaning waste gases from SO2 and NOx in a continuous mode is shown. When using the developed technology, the sulfur distribution in the gases obtained after purification is ~ 5%, and the main part – 95% is captured by the carbonate melt of alkali metals (Na, K, Li). Extraction of NOx into the melt is ~60%. Thus, already at the stage of chemical absorption of waste gases, favorable prerequisites are created for deep purification of gases from sulfur and toxic nitrogen compounds. An assessment of the economic efficiency of using the developed technology for burning coals with and without a high sulfur content has been carried out. A comparative analysis of the results of the cost of coal without sulfur with the cost of coal with a high sulfur content showed a significant economic effect, formed due to the difference in the cost of coal without sulfur and high sulfur content. Recommendations have been issued in relation to the conditions of small boiler plants operating on coal combustion, which will optimize the organization of the technology and use it in continuous operation.
Thermobaric characteristics of fluid inclusions in subsalt rocks of the East of Precaspian syneclise and the Pre-Ural of Aktobe
Authors:   Satbayev University, Yensepbayev T.A. , Cathelineau M. ,   Lorraine university, Baymaganbetov B. ,   AktubNIGRI, Nurmaganbetova L.A. ,   Satbayev University
Published: September 2023

This article presents the results of study of fluid inclusions in calcite and quartz of the Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian strata of the eastern part of the Precaspian syneclise and the Aktobe Preuralie of Pre-Ural trough. Were determined by microthermometry method the temperatures of melting and homogenization of fluids in crystals of rock and the types of hydrocarbons in inclusions. Interpretation of the measurement results made it possible to determine the most specific values of pressure and temperature, equal, respectively, 350-500 atm and 85°-130°C increasing up to 650 atm / 350°C and more towards the Urals. Accordingly, the geothermal gradient increases from west to east from 24°C/km to 40°C/km in the Aktobe Preuralie. The mineralization of fluid inclusions varies in the same direction from 10-12% to 3-6% of the weight equivalents of NaCl. These results demonstrate three types of gradients: the lowest in the western inner and platform parts of the Precaspian basin (24°C/km), the average in the Pre-Ural trough and the highest in the eastern suture with the Ural folded system. Accordingly, there is an increase in the geothermal background in the Aktobe Preuralie of Pre-Ural trough to 40°C/km.
Dialectics and theoretical geology
Authors:   Satbayev University, Idyryshev R.B.
Published: September 2023

In the article the shows the role of dialectics in the formation of theoretical geology. A separate geological form of the motion of matter was revealed. It is certain that the movement of matter as a whole and the geological form of the movement of matter occurs cyclically and due to the expansion of matter itself with the pulsating nature of the processes occurring in it in certain cycles.
Calculation of thermodynamic functions during agglomeration of heterogeneous charge components
Authors:   Aktobe regional university named after K. Zhubanov, Kobegen Ye. , Yessengaliyev D.A. ,   Aktobe regional university named after K. Zhubanov, Boranbaeva B.M. ,   Karaganda technical university named after А. Saginov, Aitbaev N.B. ,   Karaganda technical university named after А. Saginov, Koishina G.M. ,   Satbayev University
Published: September 2023

The agglomerate, as a raw material of blast furnace melting, must have such a set of properties that meets the requirements of the blast furnace process to the maximum extent. The quality of agglomerates is assessed by chemical composition, mechanical and physico-chemical properties A high-quality iron ore raw material for blast furnace melting is considered to be an agglomerate with a high iron content with a minimum content of harmful impurities, uniform in size with a minimum content of classes of more than 40 and less than 5 mm, a narrow range of softening and melting temperatures, having high reducibility and high strength. With the condition of the process of reducibility of dissimilar iron ore materials during agglomeration, it is necessary to consider the basic physico-chemical processes and thermodynamic conditions. The article describes the results of thermodynamic modeling of iron ore materials during the agglomeration process using the HSC Chemistry 5.10 program. Calculations are performed by the Reaction Equation subprogram. During the simulation, zonal technological processes of agglomeration of iron ore components of the charge are taken into account, since each zone corresponds to a certain phase formation due to physico-chemical processes corresponding to their temperature intervals. It is known, as a result implementing all the basic physico-chemical processes of agglomeration of iron ore materials; they should positively affect the quality of the resulting product. As a result, thermodynamic functions were determined in the temperature range of 25-1500°C for chemical reactions occurring in various zones of iron ore materials during the agglomeration process.
Modeling of PVT properties within the Taisogan block on the example of the Uaz, Uaz East, Uaz North fields
Authors:   KMG Engineering LLP, Kokymbayeva G. , Ermekov E. ,   KMG Engineering LLP, Dosniyazov R. ,   KMG Engineering LLP
Published: September 2023

The availability of reliable data on the PVT properties of reservoir fluids plays a leading role in calculating the reserves of oil and gas reservoirs, estimating the oil recovery factor, well testing, numerical reservoir modeling and for making informed decisions in field development design. In practice, the results of field, laboratory and theoretical studies are used simultaneously to substantiate the properties of natural hydrocarbon mixtures. At each of the noted stages, specialists strive to increase the reliability of the data obtained and develop methods for their interpretation. Determining the properties of reservoir fluids of an oil field is a prerequisite for the effective use of various methods of influencing the bottomhole zone of wells, selection of equipment for well operation. The properties of reservoir fluids are determined by various thermobaric conditions and change depending on the current state of the reservoir and the characteristics of reservoir pressure changes. All known methods for determining the properties of formation fluids are divided into two groups: experimental and computational. Each of the groups has both advantages and certain disadvantages.