bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wound Care at the Intersection of Race, Ethnicity, and Malnutrition
Authors: Munoz Nancy , Litchford Mary
Published: October 2024

Ensuring adequate nutrition is vital for maintaining skin health and promoting successful wound healing. Globally, the rise in malnutrition and diet-related diseases is contributing to increased rates of illness and disability. Populations in food deserts and those experiencing food insecurity are particularly at risk. Being at risk for or having malnutrition associated with chronic conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease can increase the incidence of wounds. Healthcare disparities and varied clinical outcomes among ethnic minorities further contribute to these challenges. Research indicates that racial and ethnic minorities experience a higher prevalence and severity of wounds, including pressure injuries. Detecting early-stage wounds in individuals with darker skin tones can be difficult, adding to the disparities.

Culturally appropriate nutrition interventions are essential in addressing these health inequities because tailored approaches tend to be more effective than uniform strategies. Understanding diverse dietary patterns and incorporating cultural food preferences into care plans can improve patient adherence and outcomes. Promoting equity in wound care through culturally sensitive practices helps to foster respect, dignity, and trust within healthcare settings, particularly for minority populations.

In this review, the authors highlight the need for inclusive interventions that provide culturally aligned nutrition, supporting patients' clinical and holistic well-being.
Comparison of RVU Reimbursement in Anterior or Posterior Approach for Single- and Multilevel Cervical Spinal Fusion
Authors: Asthana Shravan , Bajaj Pranav , Staub Jacob , Workman Connor , Khazanchi Rushmin , Reyes Samuel , Patel Alpesh A. , Hsu Wellington K. , Divi Srikanth N.
Published: October 2024

Study Design:

Retrospective database study.

Objective:

This study aims to quantify and compare mean work RVUs (wRVUs), mean operative time (OpTime), and wRVUs/min in single- and multilevel anterior and posterior cervical spine fusions performed between 2011 and 2020.

Summary of Background Data:

Prior research has demonstrated inconsistencies in technical skill, operative time, and surgical difficulty with reimbursement in various orthopedic subspecialties. Although trends investigating physician effort and reimbursement have been investigated in lumbar spine surgery, less research has examined these relationships with respect to cervical spine procedures.

Methods:

The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) was queried for Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes reflecting anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCDF), and the number of levels involved. The cohort was stratified into 10 groups: single-level, 2-level, 3-level, 4-level, 5+ level anterior or posterior cervical fusions. Mean operative times, mean wRVUs, and wRVU/min were calculated and compared by Student t test.

Results:

A total of 100,997 patients met inclusion criteria in this study, of which 79,141 (78.36%) underwent ACDF, whereas 21,836 (21.62%) underwent PCDF. One- and 2-level fusions were most common in both ACDF and PCDF. In 1-, 3-, 4-, and 5+ level fusion, the anterior approach demonstrated significantly lower mean wRVU (P<0.001). In 1-, 2-, and 3-level fusions, the anterior approach had significantly lower operation times (P<0.001). The anterior approach demonstrated significantly higher wRVU/min in 1- and 2- levels (P<0.001) but lower wRVU/min in 3- and 4-level fusions (P<0.001).

Conclusions:

Clear discrepancies exist between surgical approach and levels of fusion in cervical spine procedures incongruous with markers of surgical difficulty, physician effort, or expertise required. These specific results suggest that the complexity of multi-level anterior cervical fusions are not effectively accounted for by existing RVU measures.
Piloting an Educational Module on Consenting for Exome Sequencing Among Non-Genetics Physicians at a Medical Institution
Authors: Chan Amanda K. , Bogyo Kelsie , Geltzeiler Alexa R. , Zhang Yuan , Ahimaz Priyanka
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Demand for genetic testing has expanded exome sequencing (ES) utilization into subspecialty clinics without genetics providers. This trend forces non-genetics physicians (NGPs) to facilitate patient consent for genetic testing. However, research on NGPs' knowledge of consent elements (CK) required for ES has not been explored.

Methods:

Columbia University NGPs were invited to take a survey (premodule survey [PrS]) assessing CK for ES. Educational modules on ES were then created and sent to NGP participants. A postmodule survey (PoS) was sent to NGPs a month later to assess the change in CK scores. Alpha was set at ≤0.05.

Results:

Nineteen participants completed the PrS and PoS. Overall PrS CK scores were low (mean = 8, SD 1.6). There was no difference in PrS CK scores between attendings and residents/fellows (P = .2), and PrS CK scores did not correlate with time since medical school graduation (P = .9). PoS CK scores were higher than PrS CK scores (P = .03). Most NGPs (74%) were satisfied with the module.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest a need for continuing education of both new and experienced NGPs on best practices for consenting for ES. An online module with information tailored to different specialties could be an effective format for delivering this education.
Topical Platelet Exosomes Reduce Senescence Signaling in Human Skin: An Exploratory Prospective Trial
Authors: Wyles Saranya P. , Yu Grace T. , Gold Michael , Behfar Atta
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Cellular senescence, an irreversible cell cycle arrest with secretory phenotype, is a hallmark of skin aging. Regenerative exosome-based approaches, such as topical human platelet extract (HPE), are emerging to target age-related skin dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the cellular and molecular effects of topical HPE for skin rejuvenation after 12 weeks of twice daily use.

METHODS

Skin biopsies were obtained for histological evaluation of senescence markers, p16INK4a and p21CIP1/WAF1. Telomere-associated foci, coassociation of telomeres, and DNA damage marker, γH2AX, were assessed. RNA sequencing evaluated senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and extracellular matrix pathways.

RESULTS

p16INK4a and p21CIP1/WAF1 staining in senescent skin cells revealed low and high expression subgroups that did not correspond to chronological age. Topical HPE significantly reduced high p16INK4a cells in the dermis (p = .02). There was also a decrease in telomere damage after topical HPE (p = .03). In patients with high senescent cells at baseline, there was a 40% reduction in proinflammatory SASP. Extracellular matrix remodeling pathways, including collagen and elastic fibers, were up-regulated.

CONCLUSION

Topical HPE, applied on intact skin, reduced senescence signaling and senescence-associated telomere damage after 12 weeks of twice daily use, targeting a path for skin longevity or healthy skin aging.
Antibody–drug conjugates as targeted therapy for treating gynecologic cancers: update 2025
Authors: Silverstein Jordyn , Karlan Beth , Herrington Nasim , Konecny Gottfried
Published: October 2024

Purpose of review

Provide the most up-to-date information on the dynamic landscape of antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) in gynecologic cancers. We discuss the latest research that supports the approved ADCs and outline the ongoing trials and preliminary results that may lead to ADC approvals in the future. Current gaps in knowledge and areas for future research are discussed.

Recent findings

ADCs are rapidly changing the landscape of gynecologic cancer care. Three ADCs are currently FDA approved and used routinely in clinical practice, with many more currently in clinical development. The most common ADC target is folate receptor alpha of which there are 8 different folate receptor targeting ADCs in development. Other targets under investigation include trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (Trop-2), claudin-6 (CLDN6), cadherin-6 (CDH6), nectin-4, HER-2 and B7-H4. ADCs can cause new and unique adverse effects, including ocular toxicities and interstitial lung disease.

ADCs offer the opportunity for a more effective and personalized treatment approach for gynecologic cancer patients. Side effects must be closely monitored, and preventive measures must be followed to maximize benefit and minimize toxicity. A better understanding of the role of target proteins as biomarkers to predict response to ADCs will be critical for successful clinical implementation of ADCs and further research in this area is necessary.
Fatigue, sleep disturbance, and pain interference in children and adolescents with chronic pain: a longitudinal study
Authors: Roman-Juan Josep , Ceniza-Bordallo Guillermo , Sánchez-Rodríguez Elisabet , Jensen Mark P. , Miró Jordi
Published: October 2024

Research has shown that pain and sleep disturbance often co-occur and influence each other over time in children and adolescents with chronic pain. Longitudinal studies examining the underlying mechanisms of this association are scarce and have focused primarily on the role of internalizing mental health symptoms and mood. This longitudinal study aimed to determine whether fatigue underlies the co-occurrence and mutual maintenance of sleep disturbance and pain over time in children and adolescents with chronic pain. Participants were 355 school-aged children and adolescents (mean age = 11.63 year old; 67% female) with chronic pain. The participants provided sociodemographic information and responded a survey that included measures of pain (duration, intensity, interference), sleep disturbance, and fatigue at first assessment and 12 months later. Partially latent, cross-lagged, panel, structural equation models revealed that sleep disturbance, pain intensity, and pain interference co-occurred at both time points. Higher levels of sleep disturbance, pain intensity, and pain interference at first assessment predicted higher levels of sleep disturbance, pain intensity, and pain interference at follow-up, respectively. Higher levels of pain interference at first assessment predicted higher levels of sleep disturbance at follow-up while controlling for initial levels of sleep disturbance. Furthermore, fatigue was found to mediate the association between first assessment and follow-up sleep disturbance, the association between first assessment and follow-up pain interference, and the association between first assessment pain interference and follow-up sleep disturbance. The findings highlight the need to assess and address fatigue in children and adolescents with chronic pain and sleep disturbance.
Trajectories of cold but not mechanical sensitivity correspond with disability trajectories after whiplash injury
Authors: Farrell Scott F. , Armfield Nigel R. , Kristjansson Eythor , Niere Ken , Christensen Steffan Wittrup McPhee , Sterling Michele
Published: October 2024

Developmental trajectories for neck disability after whiplash injury have been identified. Their relationship to cold and mechanical sensitivity trajectories is not known. We aimed to (1) identify recovery trajectories of cold and mechanical sensitivity, (2) explore their codevelopment with disability trajectories, (3) identify predictors of sensitivity trajectories, and (4) explore codevelopment of cold and mechanical sensitivity trajectories. Participants (n = 233) were assessed at <1, 3, 6, and 12 months after whiplash injury. Outcomes were cold pain detection threshold (CPT at neck), pressure pain detection thresholds (PPT, neck C5, and tibialis anterior), and the Neck Disability Index. We used group-based trajectory models to identify postinjury recovery trajectories and multinominal logistic regression to explore associations between baseline characteristics and trajectory membership. We identified the following trajectory groups: CPT (low [50.0%], moderate [29.7%], and high [20.4%] sensitivity); PPT C5 (low [10.8%] and high [89.2%] sensitivity); and PPT tibialis anterior (low [23.9%], moderate [39.0%], and high [37.1%] sensitivity); all were stable over the 12 months. There was good correspondence between disability and cold sensitivity trajectory groups but not for mechanical sensitivity; cold and mechanical sensitivity trajectories were not well associated. Higher baseline pain predicted membership of the high cold sensitivity trajectory (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.01-1.59) and hyperarousal symptoms predicted membership of the moderate cold sensitivity trajectory (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.36). We found no associations between baseline characteristics and mechanical sensitivity. There is an interplay between cold allodynia, pain, and hyperarousal symptoms in development of ongoing disability after whiplash injury. Different mechanisms likely underlie cold and mechanical sensitivity.
Baseline factors associated with myopia progression and axial elongation over 30 months in children 5 to 12 years of age
Authors: Weise Katherine K. , Repka Michael X. , Zhu Yufeng , Manny Ruth E. , Raghuram Aparna , Chandler Danielle L. , Summers Allison I. , Lee Katherine A. , Kehler Lori Ann F. , Pang Yi , Allen Megan S. , Anderson Heather A. , Erzurum S. A. , Golden Richard P. , Koutnik Cassandra A. , Kuo Annie F. , Lenhart Phoebe D. , Mokka Preeti L. , Petersen David B. , Ticho Benjamin H. , Wiecek Emily K. , Yin Huizi , Beaulieu Wesley T. , Kraker Raymond T. , Holmes Jonathan M. , Cotter Susan A. ,   on behalf of the Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE

This study aimed to identify baseline factors associated with greater myopia progression and axial elongation in children with myopia.

METHODS

This study performed a post hoc analysis of data from a 30-month randomized trial of atropine 0.01% versus placebo in children 5 to <13 years old with baseline spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) of −1.00 to −6.00 D, astigmatism of ≤1.50 D, and anisometropia of <1.00 D SER. Data from atropine 0.01% and placebo groups were pooled given outcomes were similar. Baseline factors of age, SER, axial length, race, sex, parental myopia, and iris color were evaluated for association with changes in SER and with changes in axial length at 30 months (24 months on treatment and then 6 months off) using backward model selection.

RESULTS

Among 187 randomized participants, 175 (94%) completed 30 months of follow-up. The mean change in SER was greater among younger children (−0.19 D per 1 year younger; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.25 to −0.14 D; p<0.001) and children with higher myopia (−0.14 D per 1 D more myopia at baseline; 95% CI, −0.23 to −0.05 D; p=0.002). The mean change in axial length was also greater among younger children (0.13 mm per 1 year younger; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.15 mm; p<0.001) and children with higher baseline myopia (0.04 mm per 1 D more myopia; 95% CI, 0.002 to 0.08; p=0.04).

CONCLUSIONS

Younger children with higher myopia had greater myopic progression and axial elongation over 30 months than older children with lower myopia. Developing effective treatments to slow the faster myopic progression in younger children should be a target of further research.
Molecular and Clinicopathologic Characterization of HER2-overexpressed Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix
Authors: Mendoza Rachelle P. , Ramineni Madhurya , Doytcheva Kristina , Gabutan Elmer C. , Gupta Raavi , Miller Cole , Choi Donghyuk , Vemuri Anusha , Briese Renee , Brannon Lisa , Shahid Anum , Petras Kristin , Ud Dean Minhaz , Fitzpatrick Carrie , Segal Jeremy , Wang Peng , Lastra Ricardo R.
Published: October 2024

HER2 amplification in cervical cancer has been associated with worse clinical prognosis and a potential favorable response to HER2 inhibitors. Immunohistochemistry for the HER2 receptor is a universally accepted surrogate test for HER2 amplification, but no standardized scoring system currently exists for cervical carcinomas. In this study, we investigated HER2 overexpression in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and correlated it with HER2 amplification using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular methods. Seventy-two cases of human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer were retrospectively reviewed, and at least 2 representative tumor sections were stained for HER2. HER2 scoring was performed using the 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologist breast cancer criteria, and cases with equivocal (2+) to positive (3+) expression were analyzed for HER2 amplification using FISH and next-generation sequencing. The average patient age was 50 yrs (range: 27–85 yr), with most patients being African American (73.6%) and diagnosed at FIGO stage I (65.3%). Nineteen (26.4%) had equivocal HER2 expression and 4 (5.5%) showed positive expression. Three of the 4 cases with positive expression had enough tumors for FISH, and all 3 were amplified. Three cases with equivocal expression showed HER2 polysomy on FISH, and none showed HER2 amplification. Late clinical stage, high tumor grade, and regional lymph node metastasis were significantly correlated with HER2 overexpression and HER2 amplification. Next-generation sequencing of the 3 HER2-amplified tumors showed amplification of various genes, including CD274, JAK2, BIRC3, and ERBB2, and a PIK3CA missense mutation. In summary, HER2 immunohistochemistry is a reliable predictive marker of HER2 amplification in cervical cancer.
Sectorial Hypermetabolic Pseudolesion in the Liver on FDG PET/CT Caused by SVC Obstruction
Authors: Kong Eunjung , Kim Sung Hoon
Published: October 2024

Hepatic pseudolesions are relatively frequent in contrast-enhanced CT or MR images, attributable to the unique intrahepatic hemodynamics. It is also well documented that focal liver uptake can result from unusual collateral circulation on radionuclide liver scans. This report presents a case of sectorial hepatic hypermetabolism identified via FDG PET/CT, correlating with areas of increased attenuation in the liver observed on contrast-enhanced chest CT in a patient with lung cancer complicated by superior vena cava obstruction. Notably, the nonphysiological hypermetabolic activity was resolved on subsequent FDG PET/CT imaging conducted 2 days later, following alteration of the tracer injection route.
Radiation Pneumonitis With 99mTc-MDP Uptake in a Patient With Breast Cancer
Authors: Samadi Mohammad Hadi , Khezri Susan , Rabani Banou Faeze , Bai Mina , Barashki Somaye
Published: October 2024

We present MDP bone scan findings of radiation pneumonitis in a 45-year-old woman with invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast, classified as stage IIIa, T3N2M0. The patient underwent a modified radical mastectomy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and subsequent radiotherapy, receiving the last session 7 months before the bone scan. Whole-body images acquired 3 hours postinjection of 20 mCi (730 MBq) 99mTc-MDP showed incidentally increased uptake in the right hemithorax, confined to the lung parenchyma of the right lung on SPECT/CT images.
Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma Presenting Within Struma Ovarii
Authors: Maeng Lee So , Shin Ah Young , Choi Eun Kyoung , Oh Jin Kyoung , Chung Yong-An
Published: October 2024

Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is extremely rare. We herein describe a 67-year-old woman who underwent FDG PET/CT for initial staging of lung cancer. This imaging examination revealed a pelvic mass with peripheral FDG uptake, suggesting a metastatic tumor from lung cancer or a secondary malignancy. Examination of a surgical specimen confirmed metastatic lung adenocarcinoma within a struma ovarii, suggesting tumor-to-tumor metastasis.
Predicting Malignancy in Adnexal Tumors With FAPI PET/CT and FDG PET/CT
Authors: Umachanger Janani Kantharooban , Zacho Helle Damgaard , Sylvest Camilla , Frandsen Anna Poulsgaard , Bentestuen Morten
Published: October 2024

A 54-year-old woman presented with a 55 × 64-mm tumor in the ovary with high [18F]FDG uptake on [18F]FDG PET/CT highly suggestive of ovarian cancer. Prior to surgery, the patient underwent [68Ga]-Ga- fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-46 PET/CT, which revealed low [68Ga]-Ga-FAPI-46 tumor uptake. Histopathology revealed a borderline ovarian tumor, which has low malignant potential and a 10-year survival rate greater than 93%. High [18F]FDG uptake is considered a fair predictor of malignancy in adnexal tumors. The present case demonstrates the potential superiority of [68Ga]-Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT over [18F]-FDG PET/CT in differentiating malignant adnexal tumors from borderline ovarian tumors.
A Reinforcement Learning-based Approach for Dynamic Privacy Protection in Genomic Data Sharing Beacons
Authors: Aghdam Masoud Poorghaffar , Tabrizi Sobhan Shukueian , Ayöz Kerem , Ayday Erman , Sav Sinem , Çiçek A. Ercüment
Published: October 2024

The rise of genomic sequencing has led to significant privacy concerns due to the sensitive and identifiable nature of genomic data. The Beacon Project, initiated by the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH), was designed to enable privacy-preserving sharing of genomic information via an online querying system. However, studies have revealed that the protocol is vulnerable to membership inference attacks, which can expose the presence of individuals in sensitive datasets. Various countermeasures, such as noise addition and query restrictions, have been proposed but are limited by static implementation, leaving them prone to attackers that can adapt and change strategies. In this study, we present the first reinforcement learning (RL)-based approach for dynamic privacy protection of the beacon protocol. We employ a multi-player RL setting where we train (i) a “Generic-Beacon-Defender” agent who can adjust the honesty rate of its responses, against (ii) a “Generic-Beacon-Attacker” agent who can choose the order of the queries and ask random queries to make the beacon think it is a regular user. This is the first defense mechanism capable of adapting its strategy in real time based on user queries, distinguishing between legitimate users and potential attackers, and applying tailored policies accordingly. By doing so, this method enhances both privacy and utility, effectively countering sophisticated and evolving threats. The code and the models are available atgithub.com/ciceklab/beacon-defense-strategies.
RATS: Unsupervised manifold learning using low-distortion alignment of tangent spaces
Authors: Kohli Dhruv , Nieuwenhuis Johannes S , Cloninger Alexander , Mishne Gal , Narain Devika
Published: October 2024

With the ubiquity of high-dimensional datasets in various biological fields, identifying low-dimensional topological manifolds within such datasets may reveal principles connecting latent variables to measurable instances in the world. The reliable discovery of such manifold structure in high-dimensional datasets can prove challenging, however, largely due to the introduction of distortion by leading manifold learning methods. The problem is further exacerbated by the lack of consensus on how to evaluate the quality of the recovered manifolds. Here, we present a novel measure of distortion to evaluate low-dimensional representations obtained using different techniques. We additionally develop a novel bottom-up manifold learning technique called Riemannian Alignment of Tangent Spaces (RATS) that aims to recover low-distortion embeddings of data, including the ability to embed closed manifolds into their intrinsic dimension using a unique tearing process. Compared to previous methods, we show that RATS provides low-distortion embeddings that excel in the visualization and deciphering of latent variables across a range of idealized, biological, and surrogate datasets that mimic real-world data.
The state of knowledge of freshwater resources in the U.S. Virgin Islands: Data scarcity and implications
Authors: Lancellotti Brittany V. , Hensley David A.
Published: October 2024

Like many small island communities, the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the U.S., is naturally freshwater scarce. In recent decades, rapid land development in the USVI has increased water demand considerably, exerting extra pressure on freshwater resources. Freshwater quantity and quality data for the USVI are very scarce and scattered, which limits freshwater management capabilities. We draw attention to this information deficit and discuss its implications by reviewing the current state of knowledge of surface and groundwater quantity and quality for the USVI. Our review confirms that long‐term records of surface and groundwater quantity and quality are limited and unreliable. For example, streamflow was most recently monitored in 2006, and the most extensive surface water quality records are from the 1960s and 1980s. Since 2016, mean groundwater levels have been recorded daily, but only for three wells (one on each island of the USVI). Importantly, this lack of information threatens water security for the territory and limits our understanding of how development has impacted water quality and availability over time. This could be addressed using models, such as a groundwater recharge model, in combination with remote sensing and updated field data (i.e., streamflow, groundwater, and ecohydrological characterizations of land use change).
Biliopancreatic limb obstruction after one‐anastomosis gastric bypass; a very rare and fatal event: A case report and literature review
Authors: Athar Rahmatullah , Khalaj Alireza , Shapori Parvin
Published: October 2024

The biliopancreatic limb (BPL) obstruction occurrence after one‐anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) has not been well described in the literature. A 65‐year‐old female with a history of OAGB surgery presented with acute weight loss and abdominal pain. Imaging studies revealed a bezoar in the duodenal diverticulum obstructing the small bowel. An urgent laparoscopic intervention was performed to remove the bezoar and alleviate the obstruction. The patient experienced postoperative complications, including gastrostomy drainage and subsequent biliobezoar migration. additional surgeries were required to address these complications. This is a rare condition, and it is usually seen in patients with predisposing factors like DM, previous surgery, and duodenal diverticulum. CT scan study is the useful diagnostic modality, and laparoscopic intervention is the choice treatment; this case highlights the importance of recognizing and managing bezoars as a potential complication following bariatric surgery.
Social media‐enabled crisis response in Vietnam: A tương thân tương ái perspective
Authors: Qi Hailun , Xu Linna , Pan Shan L. , Du Wenyu (Derek)
Published: October 2024

A growing amount of information systems (IS) research is examining the use of social media to enable effective crisis response. However, existing studies have overlooked the impact of indigenous concepts, which play an important role in crisis response. Our study intends to offer an indigenous perspective to this research stream by examining how social media‐enabled crisis response is enacted in Vietnam. We used COVID‐19 as the focal crisis and collected a rich set of discussion threads from social media. By analysing the data through the grounded theory method, our study identifies the indigenous theoretical concept of tương thân tương ái. We further unveil a process model consisting of six mechanisms through which tương thân tương ái inspires crisis response on social media and three roles assumed by social media during this process. Our study contributes to the literature on social media‐enabled crisis response by providing an indigenous perspective and a context‐specific explanation. It also enriches IS theory in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) by investigating how the indigenous concept of tương thân tương ái influences Vietnam's crisis response on social media. Our findings also provide guidelines that can help communities beyond Vietnam to promote the values of tương thân tương ái during crisis response.
Decolonizing IS through tecnologia social: Fostering epistemic plurality in the design of solidarity cryptocurrency in Latin America
Authors: Sanches Bruno Henrique , Pozzebon Marlei , Diniz Eduardo Henrique
Published: October 2024

Westernised paradigms dominate the information systems (IS) field, often overshadowing alternative epistemologies. This study challenges the prevailing hegemonic view and contributes to the decolonization of IS research and practice by proposing a Latin American and decolonial approach to technological development that emphasises community centrality and epistemic justice through recognition of local knowledges and Indigenous traditions. Using design ethnography, we follow the development of a solidarity cryptocurrency in a Brazilian favela. Our paper offers two key contributions. By introducing tecnologia social, an underrepresented perspective in IS, we highlight ecology of knowledges, centrality of the local and decolonial reconfiguration as principles that can enrich the understanding of IS projects from a decolonial perspective. In addition, we propose a new concept—epistemic dialogical tension—as a process wherein different epistemologies coexist and accommodate each other, encouraging a dynamic interplay of distinct human experiences and worldviews. It offers new paths to IS scholars and practitioners in navigating the complexities of epistemic plurality. We argue that tecnologia social and epistemic dialogical tension provide fertile ground for developing reimagined, decolonized approaches where multiple epistemologies can coexist, favouring the often‐silenced communities they are intended to benefit.
Financial Sustainability Above All Else? Drivers and Types of Pension Reform Recommendations in EU Socio‐economic Governance
Authors: Helmdag Jan , Väänänen Niko
Published: October 2024

The average age of the population and the ratio of workers to pensioners in the European Union (EU) are rising, putting increasing pressure on the long‐term sustainability of pension systems. To counteract this development, a large number of pension reform recommendations (PRRs) have been issued within EU socio‐economic governance. In this article, we analyse the extent to which PRRs are consistent with the three main objectives of the open method of coordination (OMC), which emphasise (i) financial sustainability, (ii) benefit adequacy and (iii) modernisation with respect to gender equality. Using an original dataset, we code 438 PRRs from 2011 to 2023 and analyse the extent to which these are consistent with the three main objectives of the OMC. Our results show that PRRs are primarily focused on financial sustainability, to the detriment of adequacy and modernisation, and that they are driven solely by sustainability concerns.
Accuracy of intraoral versus desktop scanners used in digitizing polyvinyl siloxane impression for fabricating a CAD‐CAM customized post and core
Authors: Cui Xinyue , Liu Yushu , Zhang Rui , Wang Xinzhi
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This in vitro study aimed to compare the 3‐dimensional (3D) accuracy of intraoral and desktop scanners when digitizing the post and core polyvinyl siloxane impressions.

Material and Methods

Ten extracted human teeth were prepared to build a post space in the root canal. Each tooth was scanned using a micro‐computed tomography device (MCT), and the slice data were reconstructed as controls. A conventional quadrant polyvinyl siloxane impression was made and scanned thrice using an intraoral scanner (IOS) and a desktop blue‐light scanner (IMS), with one of the scans randomly selected as the definitive cast. Precision was assessed by comparing the deviations among repeated scans. Trueness was evaluated by analyzing the deviations between the MCT and each definitive cast (MCT‐IOS and MCT‐IMS). The clinically acceptable root mean square (RMS) value was set to 50 µm.

Results

The mean RMS values of the repeated scans of IOS and IMS were 18.3 ± 3.9 µm and 13.9 ± 6.2 µm (P < 0.05), and the difference between them was 4.4 ± 5.9 µm. The mean RMS values of MCT‐IOS and MCT‐IMS were 28.3 ±3.0 µm and 31.3 ± 4.2 µm (P < 0.05), with a difference of 3.0 ± 2.9 µm. The RMS values were significantly lower than 50 µm (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The IOS showed slightly better trueness than the IMS but slightly lower precision. The precision and trueness of the two scanners for digitizing post and core impressions were acceptable for clinical application.
The impact of apple cider vinegar on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: A study of therapeutic potential and health benefits
Authors: Asadi Salimeh , Ahmadniaye Motlagh Hamidreza , Safari Omid , Javadmanesh Ali
Published: October 2024

In this study, we aimed to experimentally induce fatty liver disease in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and then assessed the illness recovery process, growth, and changes in the expression of FAAH and ACADL genes in both healthy (0 [C2] and 4% apple cider vinegar [T4]) and diseased fish (0 [C1], 1 [T1], 2 [T2], and 4% [T3]) apple cider vinegar. To conduct the study, 180 rainbow trout were randomly assigned to six different experimental treatments, each with three replications. The investigation lasted for 60 days. Growth indices, liver histology, blood biochemical parameters, and transcription of the ACADL and FAAH genes in the liver tissue were measured. The study found no significant differences in the final weights across all the treatments. Apple cider vinegar (ACV) administration resulted in a decrease in AST, ALT, and ALP; however, these values did not show a significant difference from C2. In T3, triglycerides significantly decreased (p < 0.05), whereas in T4, triglycerides significantly increased (p < 0.05). Hepatocytes from ACV‐containing treatments showed reduced fat compared with T4 and the control group (C1). While there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the expression of the FAAH gene, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the expression of the ACADL gene between experimental treatments. The findings of our study indicate that an inclusion of up to 2% ACV may have positive effects on trout aquaculture and NAFLD treatment.
Disunity of personal taste
Authors: Collins John
Published: October 2024

The article argues that, linguistically speaking, there is no uniform class of personal taste predicate. There is an F(un)‐type PPT that takes infinitive complements expressing events. In effect, these PPTs are predicates of events involving participants. There is also a T(asty)‐type that cannot take an infinitive complement and does not enter into the alternation pattern of the F‐type predicates. These predicates express dispositions of objects to generate experiences or responses. Some experiencer/judge is involved in the truth of the respective kinds of claims, but for different reasons, and in neither case is such a role encoded linguistically as an index for the predicate.
Securing commitment and control for the supply of plasma derivatives for public health systems. I: A short review of the global landscape
Authors: von Bonsdorff Leni , Farrugia Albert , Candura Fabio , O'Leary Peter , Vesga Miguel A. , De Angelis Vincenzo
Published: October 2024

The social market economies of the Western world considered the provision of plasma derivatives produced from publicly owned blood services as a legitimate state commitment and, until the last decades of the 20th century, many of the relevant jurisdictions maintained state‐supported fractionation plants to convert publicly collected plasma into products for the public health system. This situation started to change in the 1990s, because of several converging factors, and currently, publicly owned/subsidized, not‐for‐profit fractionation activity has shrunk to a handful of players. However, the collection of plasma from publicly owned blood services has continued and recent developments have increased the interest of state authorities globally to increase the volume of plasma collected to increase the level of strategic independence in the supply of crucial plasma‐derived medicines from commercial market pressures, particularly the global for‐profit fractionation sector with its dominance of source plasma from paid donors in the United States. This paper reviews the development of the plasma industry and the evolution of the pressures on the supply of plasma, which has led to a situation of scarcity of key plasma‐derived medicinal products (PDMPs).
Fenland Fields: Evolving Settlement and Agriculture on the Roddon at Viking Link Substation, Bicker Fen, Lincolnshire
Authors:   Headland Archaeology Ltd, Gaunt Kim , van Tongeren Tim ,   Headland Archaeology Ltd, Christie Claire ,   Headland Archaeology Ltd
Published: October 2024

Archaeological mitigation undertaken by Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd at Bicker Fen, Lincolnshire, uncovered the remains of two distinctly different enclosure systems situated on a raised roddon (the dried raised bed of a watercourse). The earliest of these systems was characterised by a series of inter-linked enclosures that formed part of a larger complex farmstead developing around the mid-2nd century AD. The enclosure system subsequently evolved through phases of maintenance and expansion, potentially following changes in agricultural practice or as a result of environmental influences. Features in the northern part of the excavation provide some evidence for industrial activity, including iron smithing and bone working, within the settlement. Zooarchaeological evidence, however, suggests that the main economic focus of this rural community was beef production. It seems that the farmstead remained occupied until at least the 4th century AD, with radiocarbon dates suggesting continued activity of some kind into the 5th century. The Saxon field system was situated to the east of the Roman settlement and is geographically independent. The system is less substantial in nature than the Roman enclosures, characterised by curvilinear boundaries and irregular enclosure sizes. Radiocarbon dating suggests that activity took place between the 6th and 10th centuries AD. During this phase, the focus appears to have been pastoralism. This, together with the transient nature of the system and many maintenance phases, suggests seasonal or otherwise ad hoc land use away from the core of any settlement.
Table 2 from Characterization of the Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis Microenvironment via Machine Learning Analysis of the Primary Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Goodin Dylan A. , Chau Eric , Zheng Junjun , O’Connell Cailin , Tiwari Anjana , Xu Yitian , Niravath Polly , Chen Shu-Hsia , Godin Biana , Frieboes Hermann B.
Published: October 2024

Markers identified by IMC in primary breast tumor and BCLM samples
Supplementary Table S21 from Characterization of the Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis Microenvironment via Machine Learning Analysis of the Primary Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Goodin Dylan A. , Chau Eric , Zheng Junjun , O’Connell Cailin , Tiwari Anjana , Xu Yitian , Niravath Polly , Chen Shu-Hsia , Godin Biana , Frieboes Hermann B.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table S21. Variable Importance for predicting BCLM αSMA+ using primary tumor clusters.
Supplementary Table S13 from Characterization of the Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis Microenvironment via Machine Learning Analysis of the Primary Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Goodin Dylan A. , Chau Eric , Zheng Junjun , O’Connell Cailin , Tiwari Anjana , Xu Yitian , Niravath Polly , Chen Shu-Hsia , Godin Biana , Frieboes Hermann B.
Published: October 2024

Table S13. Variable Importance for predicting BCLM CD8a+PD1+ using primary tumor clusters.
Supplementary Figure S8. from Characterization of the Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis Microenvironment via Machine Learning Analysis of the Primary Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Goodin Dylan A. , Chau Eric , Zheng Junjun , O’Connell Cailin , Tiwari Anjana , Xu Yitian , Niravath Polly , Chen Shu-Hsia , Godin Biana , Frieboes Hermann B.
Published: October 2024

S8. Variable importance for prediction of BCLM CD31+, CD4+PD1+, CD56+, and CD68+ using ML models.
Supplementary Figure S14 from Characterization of the Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis Microenvironment via Machine Learning Analysis of the Primary Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Goodin Dylan A. , Chau Eric , Zheng Junjun , O’Connell Cailin , Tiwari Anjana , Xu Yitian , Niravath Polly , Chen Shu-Hsia , Godin Biana , Frieboes Hermann B.
Published: October 2024

S14. AUROC curves of ML models using covariates only to predict BCLM IMC cluster densities as being either above or below median values.
Supplementary Figure S13 from Characterization of the Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis Microenvironment via Machine Learning Analysis of the Primary Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Goodin Dylan A. , Chau Eric , Zheng Junjun , O’Connell Cailin , Tiwari Anjana , Xu Yitian , Niravath Polly , Chen Shu-Hsia , Godin Biana , Frieboes Hermann B.
Published: October 2024

S13. Metric F1 achieved by ML models using primary tumor IMC clusters across a variable number of features to predict BCLM IMC cluster densities (as stated in gray box of each panel)
Supplementary Figure S10 from Characterization of the Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis Microenvironment via Machine Learning Analysis of the Primary Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Goodin Dylan A. , Chau Eric , Zheng Junjun , O’Connell Cailin , Tiwari Anjana , Xu Yitian , Niravath Polly , Chen Shu-Hsia , Godin Biana , Frieboes Hermann B.
Published: October 2024

S10. Variable importance for prediction of BCLM Collagen+, E-cad+, HIF1α+, and Ki-67+ using ML models.
Osteosarcoma Arising from Iliac Bone Lesions of Hereditary Multiple Osteochondromas: A Case Report
Authors: Handa Tadamasa , Asanuma Kunihiro , Yuasa Hiroto , Nakamura Tomoki , Hagi Tomohito , Uchida Katsunori , Sudo Akihiro
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Osteochondromas are benign tumors that arise primarily in the metaphyseal region of long bones. The malignant transformation rate is estimated to be less than 1% and 1–3% in solitary and multiple osteochondromas, respectively. Transformation to osteosarcoma is very rare. Little information is available on treatment or outcome. A rare case of osteosarcoma arising from hereditary multiple osteochondromas of the right iliac bone is reported. Case Presentation: A 66-year-old woman presented with recurrent right abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) showed a mass protruding into the pelvic cavity, 9 cm × 7 cm × 7 cm, with bone destruction and internal calcification in the right iliac bone. A CT-guided biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis was osteosarcoma. After one course of chemotherapy with doxorubicin and ifosfamide, extensive resection of the tumor was performed. The pathology showed proliferation of highly pleomorphic dysplastic cells with bone formation inside the tumor just below the osteochondroma tissue, which led to the diagnosis of osteosarcoma arising from the osteochondroma. Three years after surgery, there was no evidence of recurrence or metastasis, and the patient was able to walk unassisted. Conclusion: A case of osteosarcoma arising from an iliac lesion of hereditary multiple osteochondromas was described. Although no recurrence or metastasis has been observed 3 years after surgery, further follow-up is necessary due to the short time after surgery.
Plantas aquáticas: da botânica ao ensino
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz
Published: October 2024

As plantas aquáticas são espécies comumente consideradas invasoras e que podem degradar produções agrícolas. Porém, na verdade, são um universo a ser explorado quanto a potenciais, usos e benefícios, principalmente quando utilizadas como ferramenta de ensino no apoio a práticas de botânica, taxonomia, ecologia, educação ambiental e formação de docentes. Assim, a proposta desse material visa abranger um leque de espécies de macrófitas aquáticas e suas aplicações dentro de práticas de ensino.
The Spirit of Pentecost and the Future of Creation
Authors: Augustine Daniela C.
Published: October 2024

Studebaker’s overarching thesis is that “the Holy Spirit is the telos of redemption and, therefore, the divine person that consummates the fellowship of the triune God.” This thesis reflects not only the trajectory of current pentecostal scholarship, but the very core of Eastern Orthodox pneumatology that has primed the theological imagination and sacramental life of many Eastern European Pentecostals. This present reflection highlights a few questions that invite further engagement and offers a brief contemplation on three related subthemes within the proposal, pointing to some helpful insights from the Orthodox tradition. These subthemes are the event of Pentecost as the theotic telos of creation; the Spirit and the resurrection; and the redemptive significance of Spirit baptism (focusing on the pentecostal experience of glossolalia and xenolalia).
Catching Up with the Future: Diplomacy for a New Global Landscape
Authors: Uilenreef Arjan
Published: October 2024

This contribution discusses the impact of three structural phenomena on the strategic functions of future diplomacy. The first is the shifting global power balance, which has important consequences for the manner in which European ministries of foreign affairs reposition themselves with regard to both big and middle powers. The assertiveness of big, revisionist states implies a return to realpolitik in which hard power takes centre stage. The ascendency of middle powers reinforces the need to build equal partnerships with increasingly influential non-Western countries. The other two game changers are the existential challenges of climate change and the ascent of artificial intelligence. A conflict-sensitive climate approach requires an adjusted diplomatic toolkit. Artificial intelligence has an effect on many different policy dimensions, from international governance to trade promotion. All these developments are relevant to the practice of diplomacy and the skills diplomats need in order to navigate through a changing global environment.
Diversity of True Bugs from the Rio Pilcomayo National Park, Formosa Province, Argentina
Authors: MELO MARÍA CECILIA , CASTRO-HUERTAS VALENTINA , MINGHETTI EUGENIA , OLIVERA LEONELA , AMARU CASTELO JAVIER , DELLAPÉ PABLO MATÍAS
Published: October 2024

The study of the Heteroptera (Hemiptera) fauna of the Rio Pilcomayo National Park, resulted in an inventory composed of: Alydidae (3 spp.), Aradidae (1 sp.), Belostomatidae (4 spp.), Berytidae (1 sp.), Blissidae (4 spp.), Colobathristidae (1 sp.), Coreidae (4 spp.), Corixidae (3 spp.), Cydnidae (12 spp.), Cymidae (1 sp.), Gelastocoridae (1 sp.), Geocoridae (1 sp.), Gerridae (1 sp.), Hebridae (1 sp.), Largidae (3 spp.), Lygaeidae (6 spp.), Miridae (14 spp.), Pachygronthidae (3 spp.), Pachynomidae (1 sp.), Pentatomidae (3 spp.), Pyrrhocoridae (1 sp.), Reduviidae (10 spp.), Rhopalidae (9 spp.), Rhyparochromidae (20 spp.), Saldidae (1 sp.), Scutelleridae (2 spp.), Tingidae (1 sp.). These findings include three new records for the Argentinean fauna: Niesthrea digna Chopra (Rhopalidae), Galgupha (Psestophleps) costomaculata McAtee and Malloch, and Dallasiellus alutaceus Froeschner (Cydnidae); and 69 new records for Formosa Province.