bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF RELATED PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROCESSES AND STATES AND SYNTHESIS METHODS OF DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS OF ARMORED COMBAT VEHICLES ELEMENTS
Authors: Tkachuk Mykola M. , Hrechka Iryna , Grabovskiy Andrey , Serykov Volodymyr , Tkachuk Mykola A. , Vasiliev Anton , Loznyi Oleg
Published: December 2024

Existing research methods of contact interaction and stress-strain state of complex structural elements are analyzed. The main elements of hydraulic transmissions in tank transmissions are ball pistons that are connected to the toroidal running surface of the stator ring. Important parameters of these elements are the ratio of the radii of the piston and the cross-section of the running track. The studied regularities indicate the optimal range of radii ratios, which ensures minimum contact pressure and stress. Taking into account the elastic-plastic deformation of the materials of the contacting parts, in particular the surface layers, is important for recommendatory decisions. Patterns of influence on the characteristics of strength and performance of the investigated structures of varied parameters have been revealed. Accordingly, in each specific case, it is possible to develop recommendations for the justification of progressive technical solutions of certain structures according to the mentioned criteria. Ball pistons in connection with the toroidal running surface of the stator ring are decisive for strength and durability of the hydraulic transmission elements of promising tank transmissions. In particular, important parameters are the radii ratio of the piston, on the one hand, and on the other, of the cross section of the treadmill. Despite the traditionally existing approaches and efforts to bring the shapes of the contacting surfaces of conjugated bodies as close as possible, the work established regularities that contradict such solutions.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL AND OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM ACCORDING TO THE CRITERIA OF MINIMUM CONTACT STRESS FOR INVOLUTE SPUR GEARS WITH INCREASED CONTACT RATIO
Authors: Cherelev Stanislav , Ustynenko Oleksandr , Bošanský Miroslav , Protasov Roman , Bondarenko Oleksiy , Andrienko Sergij
Published: December 2024

Reducing the mass and dimensions of involute spur gears is an actual task of modern mechanical engineering. One of the perspective ways to solve it is the use of gearing with an increased working tooth depth and profile contact ratio εα ≥ 2. The study is devoted to the development of optimal design methods for such gears. Optimality criteria is formulated as follows: the contact stresses in the pitch point must take a minimum value when all constructive, geometric, kinematic, and technological constraints are met, first, when the profile contact ratio εα ≥ 2 is ensured. Variables planning are defined. These are addendum coefficients of the basic racks tooth for pinion and wheel h*a1, h*a2; profile angle of the basic rack α; addendum modification coefficient of the pinion x1. Formed a system of constraints for the variables planning: the main functional constraint of the minimum value of the profile contact ratio: εα ≥ 2; constraint for the addendum coefficients of the basic racks tooth for pinion and wheel h*a1, h*a2; constraint for profile angle of the basic rack α; constraint for addendum modification coefficients x1, x2; absence of the cutter interference for tooth dedendum; absence of the sharpening for tooth addendum; absence of the mesh interference; ensuring the bending strength of pinion and wheel teeth. A method for solving the problem of optimal design is chosen. The method of probing the space of design parameters was chosen from all the variety. The points of the LPτ-sequence are used as test points. The method allows you to operate with a significant number of parameters – up to 51, provides a sufficiently large number of evenly distributed test points – up to 220. The algorithm for optimal design of gear has been developed. The main stages of the algorithm are as follows: setting input data (numerical constraints on design variables, gear parameters and its load); generation of LPτ-sequence for variables planning with simultaneous consideration of their numerical constraints; checking of functional constraints; additional verification calculations (if necessary) of the gearing contact strength; formation of an array of possible solutions; searching of the best solution variant (the test point corresponding to the minimum value of the objective function) by sorting the array.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE VOLUMETRIC STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF GEARS WITH ARBITRARY TOOTH SHAPE
Authors: Ivanov Evgen
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an effective method for numerical analysis of the bulk stress-strain state of a gear of a real configuration. Namely, the determination of the bending stress fields in the gear teeth fillets with regard to geometric parameters. The methods of the classical theory of elasticity in a three-dimensional formulation with mixed boundary conditions for a region with a complex boundary surface are used. The solution is given in displacements. The components of the elastic displacement vector at an arbitrary point in the domain are determined, followed by the components of the stress tensor at the same point using Cauchy's differential dependences and the generalized Hooke's law. One of the main difficulties in solving this problem was the problem of representing the entire elastic section of the wheel together with the teeth in the form of an implicit continuous function of a continuous argument, which decisively determines the possibility of applying the methods of elasticity theory and constructing boundary conditions. These difficulties were overcome by using the theory of R-functions to describe the boundary surface of the gear as a whole. The force transmitted by the tooth is introduced in the problem in such a way that the configuration and size of the modeled meshing field are taken into account with the possibility of varying the law of its distribution over the meshing field. Different positions of the instantaneous contact patch in terms of the meshing phase over the entire period of meshing of a pair of teeth are also taken into account. The numerical solution to the problem is based on the Ritz method, where a linearly independent orthonormalized system of Legendre polynomials is used to develop coordinate sequences, and the geometry of the region and boundary conditions are taken into account. The proposed mathematical model of the volumetric stress-strain state can be used both in scientific research and engineering practice at the stage of designing or finishing gears with arbitrary tooth shapes for any real gear meshing system, rational selection of the size and location of the meshing field, and modeling the shape of the instantaneous contact area by the meshing phase for the entire period of meshing of a pair of teeth.
Analysis of Science Literacy Profile and Development of E-Book Interactive Learning Media for Junior High School Students on Earth Structure Material
Authors: Dewangga Naufal Syafa Aflah , Prahani Binar Kurnia , Hariyono Eko , Satriawan Muhammad , Dawana Irgy Redityo , Saphira Hanandita Veda
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate students' science literacy profile and implement earth structure and disaster mitigation materials to improve junior high school students' science literacy. This research uses a type of introductory research that applies analysis techniques in the form of descriptive research design (DPD). The research instruments used include science literacy tests, student learning experience questionnaires, and teacher performance observations in delivering the material. This indicates that the science literacy skills of junior high school students can be further improved by using appropriate learning. Based on the results of the research obtained, the science literacy indicator ‘Designing Scientific Investigations’ received the highest score with an average of 3.275, while ‘Critically Evaluating Scientific Information’ received the lowest score of 3.206. Based on the results of the research data that has been obtained, it is concluded that students' science literacy skills still need to be improved. However, female students tend to have better science literacy skills than male students, which indicates a challenge in achieving science literacy skills at an adequate level. The indicator with the lowest level of science literacy was critically evaluate scientific information. Therefore, the study recommends the development of contextualized inquiry-based learning media and technology integration to support more effective learning, as well as training for teachers to facilitate learning that trains students' critical thinking skills.
Cyber Pragmatics Analysis of Deddy Codbuzer's Podcast in Applying the Maxim of Cooperation
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Wardhana Dian Eka Chandra , Yanti Nafri
Published: December 2024

Along with the increasing popularity of podcasts as a digital communication medium, it is important to understand how verbal interactions in this platform adhere to the principles of effective communication. This study aims to analyze the compliance and violation of Grice's maxims of cooperation in the interaction pattern of Deddy Corbuzier's podcast with Guru Husein Ali. The 43-minute 23-second podcast discusses the issue of illegal levies (pungli) in CPNS training, which is guided through a dynamic but serious communication approach. The research data was obtained through conversation transcripts analyzed using qualitative methods with a multimodal cyber pragmatics approach, which includes verbal and non-verbal elements such as intonation, gestures, and facial expressions. The results of the analysis show that the interactions in the podcast consistently comply with Grice's maxims of cooperation, including the maxims of quantity, quality, relevance, and manner. By analyzing these popular podcasts, this study makes new contributions to our understanding of the pragmatics of digital communication and may have implications for podcasters and other content creators. The information conveyed by the interviewees is sufficient, accurate, relevant, and delivered clearly, making it easy for the audience to understand. Although there were some minor violations of the maxim of relevance, such as the insertion of humor that was not always relevant, it did not disrupt the flow of the discussion and instead helped to create a more relaxed and interesting atmosphere. In addition, the use of multimodal elements succeeded in strengthening message delivery, increasing communication effectiveness, and helping the audience understand the issues discussed. This research emphasizes the importance of understanding the social and cultural context in digital communication and the role of podcasts as an effective educational medium.
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN PROGRAM UNGGULAN SEKOLAH DI MA NEGERI
Authors: Aprilia Dewi Astuti
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan terkait strategi pengelolaan program unggulan sekolah di MA Negeri 1 Kabupaten Ngawi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dengan analisis deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasilnya bahwa program unggulan sekolah terdiri dari 2 jenis, yaitu akademik dan non akademik; (2) Landasan penetapan penyelenggaraan program unggulan sekolah dilatarbelakangi oleh aspek pencapaian tujuan lembaga, sosial ekonomi, persaingan antar lembaga, kondisi budaya, serta kebutuhan pembelajaran dan pengembangan siswa; (3) Pada tahap perencanaan program unggulan dilakukan analisis situasi meliputi sosial ekonomi siswa, sarana dan prasarana, kompetensi guru, peluang, tantangan, serta target; (4) Strategi pengorganisasian program unggulan yaitu membentuk struktur organisasi dan tim akademik, membagi tugas dan tanggung jawab tiap anggota; (5) Strategi pelaksanaan program unggulan sekolah yaitu memotivasi, melakukan kerja sama tim, komunikasi yang efektif, serta membangun sinergi antar anggota dengan menerapkan penilaian integritas untuk menjaga kualitas kinerja para anggota; (6) Strategi pengawasan program unggulan sekolah yaitu melaksanakan supervisi internal, mengawasi dan melakukan penilaian kegiatan, mengadakan rapat evaluasi, menetapkan target dan capaian, serta menetapkan indikator keberhasilan program; Dan (7) faktor penghambat dan solusi dalam pengelolaan program unggulan sekolah yaitu kurangnya sumber dana dan sarana prasarana, pandemi COVID-19, serta banyaknya kegiatan dan beban tugas guru. Solusi yang dilakukan yaitu mengajukan permohonan dana, mengatur jadwal penggunaan sarana dan prasarana, memanfaatkan sumber belajar digital, mengatur jadwal pertemuan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas, serta pemberian memotivasi kepada guru terkait manajemen waktu.
STRATEGI KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH (MTs) DARUNNAJAH 02 CIPINING BOGOR
Authors: Ramadani Rizki , Pratama Arizqi Ihsan
Published: December 2024

Peran kepala sekolah merupakan hal yang paling penting dalam mewujudkan visi dan misi lembaga pendidikan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian berdasarkan studi pustaka (kepustakaan) data-data yang diperoleh beserta referensi yang didapatkan dari perpustakaan, buku, ensiklopedia, jurnal, dokumen, media sosial, blog, artikel dan majalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun strategi kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kompetensi guru di MTs Darunnajah 02 Cipining Bogor. Strategi kepala sekolah sangat diperlukan dalam meningkatkan kompetensi guru, dengan adanya strategi kepala sekolah maka akan memudahkan kepala sekolah dalam mencapai tujuan yang telah direncanakan. Sehingga dengan adanya strategi serta kompetensi guru yang berkualitas akan memicu peserta didik berkompetensi, berkualitas, dan memiliki daya saing tinggi.
STRATEGI PROMOSI SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN JUMLAH PESERTA DIDIK DI SMA KRISTEN PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Natalia Lista , Atepto Pindah , Mawarni Tamara , Sulistyowati Ratih
Published: December 2024

Strategi promosi yang tepat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan jumlah peserta didik pada suatu lembaga pendidikan. Sekolah harus menyusun strategi yang efektif agar mampu menghadapi persaingan yang ketat antar sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali lebih dalam terkait strategi promosi sekolah yang dilakukan oleh SMA Kristen Palangka Raya untuk meningkatkan jumlah peserta didik. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian tentang strategi yang dilakukan oleh SMA Kristen Palangka Raya yaitu: 1) Melakukan kunjungan ke sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) yang terletak di kota Palangka Raya, 2) Penyebaran brosur, 3) Promosi melalui media sosial, 4) Promosi melalui website sekolah, 5) Mengadakan kegiatan di sekolah. Selain strategi yang telah dilakukan, terdapat strategi baru yang akan diterapkan oleh sekolah, yaitu: 1) Melakukan kunjungan ke gereja, 2) Melakukan kunjungan ke sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) yang terletak di luar daerah.
Employability of Higher Education Graduates in the Perspective of Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM)
Authors: Cahyani Apreriri , Rugaiyah  , Karnati Neti
Published: December 2024

Background
Changes in the global order of life also have an impact on higher education transformation in higher education is carried out for universities to adapt to the needs of society and industry. The role of higher education in producing human resources is to produce graduates with a number of abilities that adjust the needs of industry and the world of work in society, which is defined by employability skills.
Purpose
The writing in this journal reviews how the MBKM curriculum policy is a policy rolled out by the government as an effort to fulfill the employability of higher education graduates.
Design/method/approach
Through a literature review analyzed from concepts and theories regarding the employability of higher education graduates and the implementation of the MBKM policy.
Results
The results expected by writing this journal can provide a comprehensive overview of the conditions and role of higher education in producing graduates, supported by government policies that regulate regulations and the need for cooperation between industries in the role of the tri darma of higher education.
The Indonesian Education Units Use of Digital Archives for Records Management
Authors: Nasution Satri Dwi Kurnia , Natas Ahmad Muchlisin Natas
Published: December 2024

Background
The use of digital archives offers a great opportunity for educational institutions to improve efficiency, transparency and security of important data.
Purpose
This research aims to examine the role and benefits of digital archives implementation in Indonesian educational institutions, as well as the challenges faced in the digitisation process.
Design/method/approach
This research is a literature review, which discusses the importance of digital archives through various reference sources, namely Sciencedirect, Emerlad Insight and google schoolar.
Results
This research provides results on how archive digitisation can improve the management of academic and administrative data, accelerate access to information, and support better decision-making in educational environments. However, challenges such as lack of training, uneven technology infrastructure, and data security issues remain key barriers to the implementation of digital archives. The Indonesian government has initiated various programmes to accelerate this transition, including an integrated digital archive platform and training for educators and administrative staff.
Contribution/value
This research provides insights into the importance of digital archives in improving the efficiency of education administration and overcoming the challenges of the digital era.
Developing the Nationalist and Religious Spirit Through the Synergy of the Four Pillars of Education
Authors: Rizaldis Muhammad Jerit Aldo
Published: December 2024

Background
Education is the foundation in building a complete human civilization, through education a person can gain knowledge, skills and values that are the basis for personal and social life. Nationalism is a form of awareness of love for the land and water that aims to maintain the heritage of Indonesian customs and culture and foster an attitude of integrity in the nation and state.
Purpose
Cultivate the spirit of nationalism and religiosity through the synergy of the 4 pillars of education (formal education, Islamic education, religious figures, society).
Design/method/approach
Qualitative and quantitative research models.
Results
Through the synergy of the four pillars of education, nationalistic and religious nuances of education can be realized . Findings This show that each variable as a whole is declared significant or valid. And the results of the reliability test obtained a Cronbach's Alpha result of 0.836, which means that the instrument used in the reliability test meets the strong category.
Contribution/value
Education with nationalist and religious nuances can foster students' faith and science and technology.
Akuntabilitas Pesantren: Interaksi Keberadaan Pedoman Akuntansi Pesantren dan Nilai Amanah
Authors: Siregar Tapi Rumondang Sari , Ramdhansyah Ramdhansyah , Setiana Esa
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the influence of Islamic boarding school accounting guidelines and the value of amanah on the accountability of Islamic boarding schools. The subjects of this research are all Islamic boarding schools in Deli Serdang, with their leaders and treasurers as respondents. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire distributed to respondents via Google Forms. The collected data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with Smart PLS. The results of the study found that the accounting guidelines do not influence the accountability of Islamic boarding schools. In contrast, the value of amanah positively influences their accountability. The implications of this study highlight the importance of encouraging Islamic boarding schools to adopt accounting guidelines for financial reporting. In addition, Islamic boarding schools need to strengthen the values of amanah among their managers to improve accountability.
Pengaruh ESG Disclosure Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan: Sustainability Committee Sebagai Pemoderasi
Authors: Silviani Amanda Agnes , Kamaliah Kamaliah , Wiguna Meilda
Published: December 2024

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure has become increasingly important in recent years as investors become more aware of the company's impact on society and the environment. Sustainability committees play a crucial role in this process as they are responsible for ensuring that a company's ESG practices are transparent and aligned with its overall strategy. This research examines the relationship between ESG disclosure and company financial performance, with the Sustainability Committee as a moderating variable.  The study focuses on 205 non-financial public companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023, using panel data analysis with STATA version 17. The findings reveal a positive correlation between ESG disclosure and financial performance, where higher levels of ESG transparency lead to better financial results. The Sustainability Committee strengthens this relationship, pointing out that its presence significantly affects the impact of ESG disclosures on financial performance.
Learning from Covid-19 Pandemic: Lecturers' Perceptions on Creative Writing in Universities
Authors: Ilyas Mohammad
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to describe in depth about three major themes, namely: lecturers' perceptions of strategies to improve student competence in creative writing learning in universities, the ability to cite using application technology and students' ability to argue and absorb students in creative writing learning in universities. The method used is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, equipped with a literature study of the latest texts that are relevant to the research theme. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that first, the lecturer's strategy in teaching creative writing is carried out by developing ideas starting from prewriting to improving students' creative writing. Second, the majority of students have been able to do citations correctly by using citation technologies such as Mendeley, Zotero, and Endnote, paraphrasing, and selecting important ideas. Third, students have been able to describe high-level reasoning in improving the quality of their writing so that it is more useful for the development of science and technology as well as improving human welfare. Creative writing can be trained when students take research methodology courses, proposal seminars, and creative writing training.
Research Trends on Mathematics Education of Multicultural Students in Turkey
Authors: Öztop Feyyaz
Published: December 2024

Examining the research on mathematics education of multicultural students in Turkey and identifying weak points can be a guide for better educational practices. The purpose of this study was to review previous studies on the mathematics education of students from different cultures in Turkey and to identify trends in those studies. The research was conducted using the document analysis method. The research data was collected from 36 studies that were found after scans in the Google Scholar and CoHE Thesis Center. Content analysis was used for analyzing the acquired data. The results show that 2022 included the most research on the topic, with secondary school students preferred as research participants in the greatest numbers. Additionally, it has been found that there were significantly more studies out there that purpose to describe the topic. On the other hand, it was determined that the most focused topic in the studies was the challenges in teaching and learning mathematics. It is recommended that more research be conducted on the mathematics education of primary school students from different cultures in Turkey.
SULTAN BAHARUDDIN HARAHAP: KIPRAHNYA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI KABUPATEN TAPANULI SELATAN
Authors: HTS Wike Wijayanti , Hanum Azizah , Arsyad Junaidi
Published: December 2024

The purposes of this research is to obtain the biography, contributions and progress of Sultan Baharuddin Harahap in South Tapanuli. The research method used is qualitative research with a character study approach. This writing was produced by collecting data obtained by reading references through articles, journals, books, then approaching the family, loyal bodyguards of Sultan Baharuddin Harahap, friends of Sultan Baharuddin Harahap's wife, and heads/managers of educational institutions left behind by the Sultan. Baharuddin Harahap. The results of the research show that Sultan Baharuddin Harahap is a famous king in South Tapanuli Regency who has the title "Daulat Raja Tuantua Patuan Nagaga Najungal". Apart from that, he also plays a role as a religious and traditional figure, preserving the local wisdom of Dalihan Natolu and local culture which had been in suspended animation, then contributed to establishing the Baharuddin Modern Islamic Boarding School in Janji Mauli, and RA Al-Muta'allimin Bagas Godang, Donor of Pani Asuhan, established a tareqat/parsulukan place located at Tolang Jae.
KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM PERSPEKTIF IMÂM ABȖ ḤANȊFAH
Authors: Daulay Rosul Pilihan , Arsyad Junaidi , Budianti Yusnaili
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze: Biography and socio-political setting of Imâm Abȗ Ḥanȋfah's scholarship, personality and social competence of teachers according to the views of Imâm Abȗ Ḥanȋfah in the book Waṣiyyah Al-Imâm Abȋ Ḥanȋfah li Yȗsuf ibn Khâlid As-Samtiyy and the relevance of Imâm Abȗ Ḥanȋfah's views on competence teacher's personality and social life in the context of today's Islamic education.The research method is qualitative with a library research approach. The data analysis technique uses content analysis, namely: studying and reviewing the book Waṣiyyah Al-Imâm Abȋ Ḥanȋfah li Yȗsuf ibn Khâlid As-Samtiyy, recording the material in the form of a short summary , look for other references and collect things related to research, match with relevant books, analyze reading sources in more depth and draw conclusions from the research results.The results of the research include: Imâm Abȗ Ḥanȋfah was a great scholar who founded Mażhab Ḥanâfî. He is also a cleric and trader in Kufa City, where he was born. Imâm Abȗ Ḥanȋfah refused to be appointed Qâḍi by the king because he felt unworthy of having more 'âlim clerics. This refusal meant that he was considered to have opposed the king and was imprisoned. Imâm Abȗ Ḥanȋfah considers it important for a teacher to have personality and social competence. This view is proven by the will given to his student, Yȗsuf bin Khâlid As-Samtiyy. These wills consist of 16 personal competence wills and 58 social competence wills. This will must be implemented by teachers in interacting in educational institutions and in society. Imâm Abȗ Ḥanȋfah's aim in giving this testament is so that his students and current teachers can be accepted in the educational environment accompanied by a feeling of love from the students.
Peer Review and Corrective Feedback to Improve the Quality of Students’ Article Writing
Authors: Budiharso Teguh
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of peer review and corrective feedback on the quality of scientific article writing of the students, either partially or simultaneously. The research design was a correlation. The research sample was 85 English education students at Mulawarman Samarinda. The process of collecting data was a survey method with the help of google forms. Data analysis was operated using SPSS application. Results show the following. First, there is a significant effect of peer review on the quality of student scientific writing with an R2 of 0.392. Peer review contributes to the quality of student scientific papers by 39.2%. Second, corrective feedback has a significant effect on the quality of student scientific writing, with an R2 of 0.615. This means that corrective feedback has an effect of 61.5% on improving the quality of student scientific work. Third, there is an effect of peer review and corrective feedback together on the quality of student scientific writing with an R2 of 0.638. This means that peer review and corrective feedback together contribute to the quality of student writing by 63.8%.
Examining Speaking Anxiety of Indonesian Learners of English: A Case of University Students
Authors: Fauzi Iwan , Asi Natalina
Published: December 2024

Anxiety or nervousness is one of the affective factors that affects anyone learning and practicing English as a foreign language, especially when speaking the language. Anxiety in English speaking is commonly related to apprehension, fear, and worry that the learners experience when using the language. Most researchers in Indonesia studied speaking anxiety in terms of psychological and linguistic factors, but not specifically to relate with variables such as gender and number of years for learning the target language. This study is in addition to examining the speaking anxiety level of Indonesian learners of English, and the dominant factor triggering the anxiety, and also to attest the difference of anxiety levels related to gender and the number of years in learning English. By using a quantitative method of case study research design, this study revealed that female learners are more anxious than males in speaking English which mean gender is affected by foreign language anxiety. Besides, the number of years in learning English also influences learners controlling their anxiety during speaking which means the longer they learn English the less anxious they speak the language. Then, test anxiety most dominantly contributes to the uneasiness factor for students in speaking English. The result of this study implies that teachers or lecturers of English must provide a space for female students to feel more secure in speaking class by avoiding negative evaluation so that they feel comfortable while learning and acquiring the language.
Exploring EFL Teacher’s Agency and Self-efficacy in their Professional Practice among Indonesian EFL Teachers
Authors: Utami Artine Ayu , Kuswandono Paulus
Published: December 2024

Studies on language teachers' agency and self-efficacy have shown that both are essential elements of teachers' identities and practices. However, only some researchers have explored how teachers perceive their agency and self-efficacy in the Indonesian context. Thus, this study aimed to investigate how English teachers perceive their agency and self-efficacy in their teaching practices and environments. This study employed a mixed method study in which both quantitative and qualitative data were utilized to answer the inquiry. The results shed light on how teachers perceive agency with school conditions, how they perceive their self-agency, and their aspiration to become agentic teachers. It was revealed that the majority of the teachers perform professional development to stimulate their agency and efficacy. Challenges were also explored in this article. The evidence of this study imparts policy and practice implications as well as future research direction to gain a deeper understanding of teachers’ agency and efficacy as well as to foster the practice in school contexts.
Online Communicative Speaking Tasks to Enhance Students’ Speaking Skills
Authors: Adhelia Shafira , Triastuti Anita
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to know whether the use of online communicative speaking tasks can enhance the speaking skills of the ninth graders of a private junior high school in Mungkid, the Province of Central Java, and how well their speaking skills improved. This research was action research that was divided into four stages. Those were reconnaissance, plan, action and observation, and reflection. The research involved 24 students in 9A class of a private junior high school in the academic year of 2022/ 2023. The research was done in two cycles, consisting of eight meetings. The data of the research were collected through quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data were from speaking tests and questionnaires. Meanwhile, the qualitative data were obtained from interviews and observation. The quantitative data were analyzed by comparing students' mean scores that were gained from students' speaking performance pre-test and post-test. The qualitative data analysis employed Miles, Huberman & Saldana's (2014) interactive model that consists of data condensation, data display, and drawing and verifying conclusions. The research findings showed that using online communicative speaking tasks effectively enhanced students’ speaking skills and engagement. The result of the post-test showed that there were consistent improvements in students' mean scores in pre-cycle (10.48), cycle I (13.69), and cycle II (18.50). The total improvement from pre-cycle to cycle II was 8.02 points. It indicated that the students had improved in some aspects of speaking skills.
EFL Student Teachers’ Experiences in Writing Their Undergraduate Theses in Jambi
Authors: Abrar Mukhlash , Fajaryani Nunung , Hutabarat Roni Rizki , Failasofah Failasofah , Masbirorotni Masbirorotni
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this qualitative study was to comprehensively investigate the experiences in writing undergraduate theses, the challenges faced, and strategies to alleviate the encountered challenges, of ten EFL student teachers at one higher education institution in Jambi. To collect the data, we employed semi-structured interviews guided by an interview protocol to elicit the participants’ responses. The results of the study, through thematic analysis (Braun & Clark, 2006), indicated that there are four major themes of challenges in writing an undergraduate thesis, including linguistics and writing knowledge issues, psychological issues, media and resources issues, and supervision and time management issues. To cope with those challenges, the participants employed some strategies, such as self-management strategy, technological help, and help from others. This study suggests EFL student teachers identify issues they struggle with in writing their theses. It is necessary so they could find a helpful way to deal with the challenge.
Innovations in the English Classroom: The Students' Perceptions Toward Robot Media
Authors: Yuliani Sri , Hartanto Dicki , Linarta Arie
Published: December 2024

This study sought to pinpoint key requirements for incorporating technology into education. A survey of junior high schools was used in the study which took a qualitative approach. A research sample of 35 students who were chosen purposively for the study were given the questionnaire as a data gathering tool with three components; the utility/feature of usage, the interest, and the pedagogical content of the Evoce robot. The data was analyzed by using the Guttman scale has a CS of at least 0.60 and a CR of at least 0.90, it was considered to meet the unidimental and cumulative features. The findings showed the mean of CR from three indicators was 0.908, which means the result of CR was valid while the mean score was CS was 0.798, which means that the coefficients of scalability were considered good. Based on the result findings students' opinions about the usage of the Evoce robot as technology in the learning process were inversely correlated with their usage of learning media was helping them in attaining new media of teaching was the Evoce robot. It recommended that robots might give an alternative interesting media in class, especially for teaching vocabulary.
Oral Presentations’ Anxiety among Egyptian Undergraduates: Causes and Remedies
Authors: Morsi Wesam Khairy , Zaki Mission M.
Published: December 2024

One of the goals, in education is to help students improve their communication and social skills to prepare them for participation in society and successful careers worldwide. This explains why oral presentations have become a method of evaluation in higher education institutions to enhance students’ ability to communicate effectively. However, many students who are learning English as a foreign language often feel anxious when they have to speak. The aim of this paper is to explore and discuss the factors that impact the performance of Egyptian undergraduate students during presentations, as well as suggest strategies to help them overcome their fear of speaking in a foreign language. This study is exploratory, non-experimental in which ninety-nine undergraduate EFL learners responded to survey questions. Analysis of the research findings indicated that anxiety stems from sources such as the fear of being judged, making errors, lack of practice, and other significant factors. The research also proposed strategies for students to manage their anxiety while presenting orally.
BOREAL–TETHYAN CORRELATION OF THE UPPER BERRIASIAN–VALANGINIAN: CONTRIBUTION OF NEW δ13C AND 87Sr/86Sr CHEMOSTRATIGRAPHIC DATA FROM ARCTIC SIBERIA
Authors: Efremenko V.D. , Dzyuba O.S. , Shurygin B.N. , Kuznetsov A.B. , Pyryaev A.N.
Published: December 2024

This study contributes to the development of C, O, and Sr isotope chemostratigraphy of the upper Berriasian–Valanginian of Arctic Siberia and to the improvement of the Boreal–Tethyan correlation scheme based on it. Results of an isotope–geochemical study of belemnite carbonate material from the Anabar and Boyarka river sections and the Nordvik Peninsula section (Ryazanian–lower Hauterivian) are presented. The following three phases of the global Weissert event are identified: a rapid increase in δ13C at the turn of the early and late Valanginian, stabilization of δ13C in the late Valanginian, and a smooth decrease in δ13C since the end of the Valanginian to the earliest Hauterivian. It is suggested by the δ18О data from the Neocomian formations of Siberia that the climate cooling associated with the Weissert event is negligible. The resulting 87Sr/86Sr values for the Boyarka and Nordvik sections in combination with bio- and magnetostratigraphy indicate that the base of the upper Berriasian falls into the middle part of the Hectoroceras kochi ammonite Zone of the Ryazanian Stage. It is revealed that the top of the Ryazanian is located below the base of the Valanginian. The interval between these boundaries in Siberia corresponds to the lowermost part of the Neotollia klimovskiensis ammonite Zone. The age of the ammonite zones of the Boreal (Siberian) standard of the lower Valanginian is clarified. It is reliably determined that the Homolsomites bojarkensis ammonite Zone belongs to the lower Hauterivian rather than upper Valanginian, which resolves the issue that has been the subject of lengthy discussions.
Performance of Sweet Basil in Aquaponics and Conventional Growing Systems
Authors: Habib Waqas , Khattak Abdul Mateen , Ahmad Masood , Farooq Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Sweet basil (Ocimum basillicum) is an important herbal and medicinal plant. Considering its importance, sweet basil was evaluated in aquaponic and conventional growing systems on different sowing dates (1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd, 29th April, and 6th May). The data of various growth and yield attributes were recorded during the experiment. The results showed that the maximum values for plant height (81.30 cm), number of leaves plant− 1 (546.63), number of branches plant− 1 (26.32), leaf fresh weight (68.72 g), chlorophyll content (26.50 SPAD), leaf dry weight (13.72 g), leaf area (2637.3 cm2), and seed yield (319.96 kg ha− 1) were recorded on the sowing date of 1st April, while the minimum days to flowering (90.67) and lowest production were recorded for plants sown on the 6th May. Among the growing systems, the conventional growing system performed better than the aquaponic system in terms of all the studied attributes. It was concluded that the conventional system and sowing date 1st -15th April performed better for all the studied attributes.
B cells enhance IL-1 beta driven invasiveness in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Toney Nicole J , Opdenaker Lynn M. , Frerichs Lisa , Modarai Shirin R. , Ma Aihui , Archinal Holly , Ajayi Grace O , Sims-Mourtada Jennifer
Published: December 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype often characterized by high lymphocyte infiltration, including tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIBs). These cells are present even in early stages of TNBC and associated with microinvasion. This study shows that co-culturing TNBC cells with B cells increases Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expression and secretion. We further show that B cell-induced IL-1β activates NFκB signaling, leading to higher expression of target genes and promoting IL-1β-dependent increases in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, invasion, and migration. Immunohistochemical analysis of IL-1β and TIBs in triple-negative ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS, n=90) and invasive TNBC (n=171) revealed that in DCIS, TIBs correlated with IL-1β expression and microinvasion, with IL-1β also linked to recurrence. In invasive TNBC, IL-1β expression correlated with TIB density and stage, with high IL-1β levels associated with poorer survival outcomes. These findings suggest that early B cell presence in TNBC can induce IL-1β secretion, enhancing invasion and mobility through IL-1β-NFκB signaling. This highlights the potential of IL-1 inhibitors as preventive and therapeutic options for hormone receptor-negative DCIS and TNBC.
2D/3D Heterostructured Perovskites for Highly Selective Room-Temperature Blue Spin-Polarized Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Moon Jooho , Jang Gyumin , Lee Sangjun , Ma Sunihl , Son Jaehyun , Lee Junwoo , Lee Chan Uk , Lee Jeongyoub , Jeong Wooyong , Jeong Chang-Seop , Park Jeong Hyun , Kim Seonyoo
Published: December 2024

Circularly polarized light can be utilized in numerous applications, including 3D displays and magnetic memory. In this study, pure-blue spin-polarized light-emitting diodes (spin-LEDs) were fabricated by depositing chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) layers—2D perovskites incorporating R/S-2-fluoromethylbenzylamine (R/S-2F-MBA) chiral cations—on top of Br/Cl mixed-halide 3D perovskite thin films. The chiroptical properties of these heterostructured perovskites were significantly improved, as reflected in an approximately six-fold increase in circular dichroism over a conventional iodide perovskite. Density functional theory calculations indicated that as the ionic radius of the halogen atom decreased relative to that of iodine, the hydrogen bonding between the ammonium groups of the chiral cations and the halide anions in the inorganic slabs became stronger; this facilitated a chirality transfer from the 2F-MBA to the inorganic slabs and amplified the structural distortion. Halogen–halogen interactions contributed further to this chirality transfer, improving the spin-polarizability of the CISS layer. The significantly enhanced CISS effect yielded pure-blue spin-LEDs with a circularly polarized electroluminescence dissymmetry factor exceeding 10%. Additionally, the highly polar R/S-2F-MBA chiral cations effectively passivated halide vacancies in the perovskite film, boosting luminescence as well as external quantum efficiency. As a preliminary proof of concept, the spin-LEDs were employed as vertical-type circularly polarized light photodetectors, enabling interactive optical wireless communication.
Reconsidering the ‘Predictive’ Value of Subjective Aging for Longevity and the Impact of Confounding – Insights from Epidemiology
Authors: Richter Adrian , Schäfer Sarah K. , Wurm Susanne , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Ittermann Till
Published: December 2024

Many studies found subjective aging, that is, how individuals perceive their own aging process (self-perceptions of aging, SPA) and subjective age being associated with longevity. While accounting for confounding in regression models, some studies suggested survival advantages between 6 and 13 years for those with more positive SPA, based on unadjusted survival curves. In press articles these effects were explained by the predictive role of SPA. This study assesses the robustness of these findings by replicating the study of Wurm and Schäfer (2022) with an expanded study population of 14,548 individuals from the German Ageing Survey. We focused on the role of confounders, such as chronological age, in adjusted survival analyses and compared the predictive value of SPA for mortality against other covariates using resampling techniques and the concordance index. SPA related to ongoing development (SPA-OD) was strongly associated with mortality, with an unadjusted survival benefit of 9.6 years for participants with above-median SPA-OD. However, the benefit reduced to 1.2 years when confounders were included, with chronological age being the most relevant. SPA-OD’s predictive value was notably lower than for age and sex, adding SPA-OD to age and sex as a covariate improved predictive performance no more than 1.06%. While an association between SPA-OD and mortality is evident, the survival benefit due to more positive SPA-OD is considerably smaller than previously suggested. The results highlight the importance of distinguishing association, confounding, and prediction to disentangle genuine effects, being relevant in various domains of Psychology.
Is there a relationship between surgical technique and postoperative complication rates in xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis? A retrospective single center study
Authors: Atici Semra Demirli , Uylas Ufuk , Kamer Erdinc
Published: December 2024

Objective
This study aimed to compare the relationship between type of surgery and preoperative findings and postoperative (early and late) complications in patients with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XCG).
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed 127 patients with histopathologically diagnosed XGC after evaluating 9248 cholecystectomy specimens between 2010 and 2020. Patients were divided into two groups according to surgery type: laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and laparoscopy converted to open cholecystectomy (LCOC). Patient demographic characteristics, preoperative laboratory parameters, operation time, and early and late postoperative complications were recorded.
Results
The study included 94 patients aged 26–76 years, of whom 48 (51.06%) were female and 46 (48.94%) were male. The female-to-male ratio is 0.982. No differences were found in LC and LCOC in terms of age, sex, preoperative white blood cell count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (p > 0.05). Surgery time, length of hospital stay, and postoperative early complication rate were lower in the LC group (p < 0.001), whereas no difference was observed between the postoperative late complication rates (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Preoperative inflammatory parameters for XGC are insufficient to predict the type of surgery. LC was associated with a decreased rate of early postoperative complications, whereas no difference was observed between surgery type and late postoperative complication rates.