bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating artisanal fishing of globally threatened sharks and rays in the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Alifa Bintha , Cavanagh Rachel D. , Seddon Nathalie
Published: September 2021

Sharks and rays are at risk of extinction globally. This reflects low resilience to increasing fishing pressure, exacerbated by habitat loss, climate change, increasing value in a trade and inadequate information leading to limited conservation actions. Artisanal fisheries in the Bay of Bengal of Bangladesh contribute to the high levels of global fishing pressure on elasmobranchs. However, it is one of the most data-poor regions of the world, and the diversity, occurrence and conservation needs of elasmobranchs in this region have not been adequately assessed. This study evaluated elasmobranch diversity, species composition, catch and trade within the artisanal fisheries to address this critical knowledge gap. Findings show that elasmobranch diversity in Bangladesh has previously been underestimated. In this study, over 160000 individual elasmobranchs were recorded through landing site monitoring, comprising 88 species (30 sharks and 58 rays) within 20 families and 35 genera. Of these, 54 are globally threatened according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, with ten species listed as Critically Endangered and 22 species listed as Endangered. Almost 98% juvenile catch (69–99% for different species) for large species sand a decline in numbers of large individuals were documented, indicating unsustainable fisheries. Several previously common species were rarely landed, indicating potential population declines. The catch pattern showed seasonality and, in some cases, gear specificity. Overall, Bangladesh was found to be a significant contributor to shark and ray catches and trade in the Bay of Bengal region. Effective monitoring was not observed at the landing sites or processing centres, despite 29 species of elasmobranchs being protected by law, many of which were frequently landed. On this basis, a series of recommendations were provided for improving the conservation status of the elasmobranchs in this region. These include the need for improved taxonomic research, enhanced monitoring of elasmobranch stocks, and the highest protection level for threatened taxa. Alongside political will, enhancing national capacity to manage and rebuild elasmobranch stocks, coordinated regional management measures are essential.
Is soil management system really important? comparison of microbial community diversity and structure in soils managed under organic and conventional regimes with some view on soil properties
Authors: Rachwał Kamila , Gustaw Klaudia , Kazimierczak Waldemar , Waśko Adam
Published: September 2021

The fertility and productive value of soil are closely related to the physical and chemical properties of the soil as well as its biological activity. This activity is related to the intensity of microbially catalysed processes of transformation of organic and mineral substances contained in the soil. These processes are closely correlated with the abundance and biodiversity of soil microorganisms, especially bacteria, and the activity of enzymes produced by them. In this article we have compared some physicochemical properties of soil derived from conventional and organic farms and microbial communities inhabiting these ecosystems. We aim to investigate whether the soil management regime affects the abundance and diversity of these environments in terms of bacteria. Some differences in microbial communities were observed, but the rhizosphere of plants from organic and conventional soils does not harbour separate microbiomes. Albeit, the method of fertilization influences the diversity of soil microorganisms. A greater diversity of bacteria was observed in soils from farms where organic fertilizers were applied. Soil pH and activity of some soil enzymes were also shown to differ between organic and conventional soil cropping systems.
Lens fluorescence and skin fluorescence in the Copenhagen Twin Cohort Eye Study: Covariates and heritability
Authors: Bjerager Jakob , Dabbah Sami , Belmouhand Mohamed , Rothenbuehler Simon P. , Sander Birgit , Larsen Michael
Published: September 2021

Lens and skin fluorescence are related to the systemic accumulation of advanced glycation end products, which is accelerated in diabetes. We have examined lens fluorescence and skin fluorescence in healthy adult twins. The study enrolled twins aged median 59 years from a national population-based registry. Diabetic individuals were excluded from analysis. The interrelatedness between fluorescence parameters and relations between fluorescence and age, current HbA1c and smoking pack years were examined using correlation tests and mixed model linear regression analyses. Broad-sense heritability was analyzed and compared for lens fluorescence, skin fluorescence and HbA1c. Lens fluorescence and skin fluorescence were crudely interrelated (R = 0.38). In linear regression analyses, age explained a larger fraction of the variance in lens fluorescence (R2 = 32%) than in skin fluorescence (R2 = 20%), whereas HbA1c explained smaller variance fractions (R2 = 3% and 8%, respectively) followed by smoking pack years (4% and 3%, respectively). In multivariate analyses, age, HbA1c and smoking pack years combined explained more of the variance in lens fluorescence (R2 = 35%) than in skin fluorescence (R2 = 21%), but the influence of HbA1c on lens fluorescence was not statistically significant (p = .2). Age-adjusted broad-sense heritability was 85% for lens fluorescence, 53% for skin fluorescence and 71% for HbA1c in best fitting heritability models. Both fluorescence parameters increased with age, current glycemia and cumulative smoking. Lens fluorescence was found to be a predominantly heritable trait, whereas skin fluorescence was more influenced by environmental factors and closer related to current glycemia. The results suggest that skin fluorophores have a faster turn-over than lens fluorophores.
The anthropometric assessment of body composition and nutritional status in children aged 2–15 years: A cross-sectional study from three districts in Bangladesh
Authors: Kamruzzaman Md. , Rahman Shah Arafat , Akter Sharmin , Shushmita Humaria , Ali Md. Yunus , Billah Md Adnan , Kamal Md. Sadat , Elahi M. Toufiq , Paul Dipak Kumar
Published: September 2021

Background

Early life nutrition plays a critical role in the development of better health and nutrition in adulthood. However, assessing the nutritional status of Bangladeshi children and adolescents through measurement of body composition using skinfold thickness is barely studied. The current study aims to determine children’s body composition and nutritional status, and contributing factors among children aged 2 to 15 years in the northern part of Bangladesh.

Methods

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done in Bangladesh. Anthropometric methods, including multiple skinfold thickness and basic anthropometric and socio-demographic characteristics, were used. Body composition was calculated from multiple skinfold thicknesses using the standard regression equation. Nutritional status was measured using Z score according to WHO 2007 reference standard. A total of 330 children from Naogaon, Bogra and Kurigram districts in Bangladesh were examined from April 2019 to September 2019.

Results

The Nutritional status of 2–15 years old child is exceedingly poor in the northern part of Bangladesh. Fat mass and fat-free mass were higher among children from Kurigram district than from Bogra and Naogaon district. Body fat percentages and arm fat area were greater among female children than males. The overall prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting was around 25%, 32% and 29%, respectively, and the rate was higher among girls and children aged 2–5 years. The average SD score for weight-for-age, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age was -1.295, -0.937 and -1.009. The median weight-for-age and height-for-age Z scores of boys and girls were below the WHO reference percentile rank. Girls were twice (OR:1.951, CI:1.150–3.331) as likely to suffer from being underweight than boys. Children who don’t practice handwashing are three times (OR:3.531, CI:1.657–7.525) more likely to be underweight. Children become underweight and stunted when their family income is not sufficient to maintain their nutritional requirements.

Conclusions

The children of the three northern districts had a poor nutritional status, and family income was the potential contributing factor. Therefore, interventions like the promotion of income-generating activities and integrated approaches to ensuring food diversification could be an option to address the nutritional problem of children of the three northern districts of Bangladesh.
Knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and perceived risk about COVID-19 vaccine and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmud Sultan , Mohsin Md. , Khan Ijaz Ahmed , Mian Ashraf Uddin , Zaman Miah Akib
Published: September 2021

Bangladesh govt. launched a nationwide vaccination drive against SARS-CoV-2 infection from early February 2021. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines and examine the factors associated with the acceptance in Bangladesh. In between January 30 to February 6, 2021, we conducted a web-based anonymous cross-sectional survey among the Bangladeshi general population. At the start of the survey, there was a detailed consent section that explained the study’s intent, the types of questions we would ask, the anonymity of the study, and the study’s voluntary nature. The survey only continued when a respondent consented, and the answers were provided by the respondents themselves. The multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the factors that influence the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination. A total of 605 eligible respondents took part in this survey (population size 1630046161 and required sample size 591) with an age range of 18 to 100. A large proportion of the respondents are aged less than 50 (82%) and male (62.15%). The majority of the respondents live in urban areas (60.83%). A total of 61.16% (370/605) of the respondents were willing to accept/take the COVID-19 vaccine. Among the accepted group, only 35.14% showed the willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine immediately, while 64.86% would delay the vaccination until they are confirmed about the vaccine’s efficacy and safety or COVID-19 becomes deadlier in Bangladesh. The regression results showed age, gender, location (urban/rural), level of education, income, perceived risk of being infected with COVID-19 in the future, perceived severity of infection, having previous vaccination experience after age 18, having higher knowledge about COVID-19 and vaccination were significantly associated with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. The research reported a high prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine refusal and hesitancy in Bangladesh. To diminish the vaccine hesitancy and increase the uptake, the policymakers need to design a well-researched immunization strategy to remove the vaccination barriers. To improve vaccine acceptance among people, false rumors and misconceptions about the COVID-19 vaccines must be dispelled (especially on the internet) and people must be exposed to the actual scientific facts.
Association between gestational period and obesity in children with the use of dermatoglyphic traits: A preliminary study
Authors: Alberti Adriano , Traebert Jefferson , Traebert Eliane , Nodari Junior Rudy José , Comim Clarissa Martinelli
Published: September 2021

Events occurring during the gestational period can influence the development of diseases and conditions such as obesity. This study aimed to analyze the association between events occurring in the gestational period and the occurrence of obesity in children based on dermatoglyphic traits. The sample comprised 73 children born in 2009, living in Palhoça, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil, regularly enrolled in public and private schools in that municipality and who are participants of an ongoing major cohort study project called Coorte Brasil Sul. The results show predictive traits of obesity when comparing BMI and fingerprint groups. Obese male group, presented the figure Ulnar Loop (UL) in the right hand (MDT1) thumb and greater number of ridges in the (MDSQL1) right thumb the greater the BMI; likewise, the older the woman getting pregnant the greater the number of ridges that the child presented in the (MESQL2) left index finger and (MESQL1) right thumb. The results obtained infer the presence of predictive traits of BMI ranges and a possible association between the dermatoglyphic traits of children with obesity and late pregnancy women.
New Public Excavations
Authors: Mannering Virginia , Morgan Tom
Published: September 2021

The paper draws on recent salvage archaeological excavations in Melbourne, Australia that prompt questions on architectural concerns of ‘site’ in contemporary architectural discourse. For design practitioners, site is usually communicated in direct and straightforward ways, with some practical understanding of the physical forces that form the current site, but little of influencing political or cultural elements. This is particularly problematic in settler-colonial cities such as Melbourne which are built out of complex and contested environments. The urban archaeological excavation is therefore seen as a metaphorical ‘autopsy,’ a brief moment of pause when the site’s history and composition can be publicly examined and challenged. Crucially, the act exposes the significant and potent presence of ground and dirt as actants in the city. This paper examines archaeological and architectural texts and practices to explore the added meaning that a refocusing on dirt and ground as material and medium can add to the architectural reading and interpretation of site in the settler‑colonial city.
SENYAWA PENCEMAR ORGANIK YANG PERSISTEN (POPs): PENGERTIAN, JENIS, KARAKTERISTIK, DAN PERKEMBANGANNYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wulandari Ita , Falahudin Dede
Published: September 2021

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been identified as representing a serious threat to the marine environment and received formal attention by nations worldwide including Indonesia as one of the signatories and ratified countries for the Stockholm Convention.  Due to their emerging issues, the study of POPs at all aspects is needed. Therefore, this paper attempts to review characteristics and toxicological properties of POPs, the current status of POPs National Implementation Plans (NIPs) in Indonesia, and propose future directions of POPs study in Indonesia from basic research such as monitoring of POPs distribution in Indonesian seas to applied research for example study of POPs alternative compounds.
KONDISI TERUMBU KARANG DI KAWASAN WISATA PULAU BOKORI, KENDARI, PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Johan Ofri , Jupri Jupri , Cera Fella Pritian , Dzumalex Ahmad Rezza , Palupi Ratna Diyah , Bactiar Imam
Published: September 2021

Bokori Island has been a tourist destination managed by the Tourism Office of the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial since 2014. The location is close to the city center, making this island visited by many tourists. In addition to the beauty of the island, it is also necessary to maintain the beauty of coral reefs as objects for underwater recreation. The study was conducted on 24–25 July 2019 at three sites of observation. The research purpose was to determine the condition of coral reefs of the island, which is used as a tourist destination. The result indicates that the condition of coral reefs is categorized good by having coral cover about 50.67%. The dominant coral at the island is the foliose coral (CF) group with percent cover about 22%, followed by coral branching (CB) 10%, Acropora tabulate (ACT) 8.57%, mushroom coral (CMR) 6%, encrusting coral (CE) 2% and massive coral (CM) 1.33%. The dominant type of substrate was dead coral with algae (DCA) about 37.3%, and the damage due to explosion could still be seen in the location. The current condition of coral needs to be maintained and improved supervision so that live coral can improve so that the function to support underwater tourism can be achieved.
Life and Heritage of Hakaru Hashimoto
Authors: Lygina E. A. , Latyi V. V.
Published: September 2021

In May 2021, the 140th anniversary of his birth is celebrated by Japanese doctor Hakaru Hashimoto. Did not receive recognition during his lifetime, this amazing scientist discovered a new disease of the thyroid gland, which later became the eponym. For a long time, his name was forgotten, but the main work of his life was decades ahead of the development of science. Without it, the study of autoimmune pathologies, the incidence of which currently continues to increase, would be impossible. It was on patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis that a study was conducted for the first time, demonstrating not only the uniqueness of the pathogenesis of thyroiditis, but also the existence of autoimmune reactivity of the body as a whole.
Comparative Study of Ram Air Turbines based on Wind Tunnel Study for Specific Air Borne Energy Extraction
Authors: Arunachaleswaran A. , Madhusudan Muralidhar , Ramya A. , Elangovan S. , Sundararaj M.
Published: September 2021

Ram Air Turbines (RAT) are used for emergency on-board power generation on aircraft and associated systems. Many studies on usage of RATs have shown promising results in terms of using RATs as a source of emergency on-board power generation. Many external podded systems on aircraft utilise RATs for self-sufficient adaptation. These pods generate their own power using RATs for their power requirements instead of depending on the mother aircraft power. Commercial cargo planes use RATs for generating emergency hydraulic power. A RAT was suggested to be used for emergency power, during failure of main alternator on a prototype aircraft. A specific requirement of the RAT was also to produce high drag for aerodynamic braking when deployed and concurrently generate electrical energy. Three models with different solidity were studied in wind tunnel at different wind speeds for suitability of this drag-energy combination. This paper presents the results of the study. Based on the results, a suitable RAT was selected for further analysis and ground trials.
Utilisation of High Energy Propellant Waste in Manufacturing of Fired Clay Bricks to Enhance the Acoustic Properties
Authors: Mehta P.K. , Kumaraswamy A. , Saraswat V.K. , Kumar B. Praveen
Published: September 2021

The disposal and waste management of solid high energy propellant (HEP) is a considerate conservational problem. HEP waste is currently disposed in open or confined burning which may cause environmental hazards. In this paper, we examined and discussed results on recycling of HEP waste into fired clay bricks baked in different orientation. HEP modified bricks with 1.5%, 3% and 5 wt. % HEP waste content were manufactured and tested, and then compared against virgin clay bricks without HEP content. The effect of directional orientation of bricks baked with varying HEP content on acoustic properties were experimented and discussed. The sound transmission loss decreases with increase in HEP waste due to formation of independently closed directional pores. The transmission loss of horizontally baked during firing of bricks is nearly 5dB lower than vertically baked bricks. Results of the experimental studies indicate that HEP waste can be utilised in fired clay bricks and different orientation baking further enhances the acoustic properties.
Professor Age and Gender Affect Student Perceptions and Grades
Authors: Joye Shauna , Wilson Janie H
Published: September 2021

Student evaluations provide rich information about teaching performance, but a number of factors beyond teacher effectiveness influence student evaluations. In this study we examined the effects of professor gender and perceived age on ratings of effectiveness and rapport as well as academic performance. Participants (N = 308) saw a picture of either a young or old male or female professor while listening to an audio lecture. Students reported greater perceived rapport with the female relative to the male professors and for younger versus older professors. However, students reported the male professors as more competent than the female professors. An interaction revealed that among female professors only, younger women were rated higher on rapport than comparison conditions. Thus, age and gender bias likely impact student evaluations of teaching. Our study also revealed higher quiz grades in the older-female condition, perhaps best explained by the older woman activating a schema for “mom.” Taken together, our results indicate that professor competence and kindness may foster learning best in the context of high expectations.
La memoria y la historia: La fragilidad política del recuerdo
Authors: Bravo León Fernando
Published: September 2021

Este artículo pretende mostrar cómo en la relación de memoria e historia se configura una antropología política de la historicidad a través del análisis de la obra de Paul Ricoeur que permite explorar, de manera hermenéutica, las consecuencias de la relación del tiempo como historicidad y de la acción como política, de tal manera que, en los intersticios de la in­terpretación, sea posible sacar todas las derivaciones de la apertura del pasado, la afirmación de la iniciativa en el presente y de las esperanzas abiertas en el futuro lleno de posibilidades que la imaginación abre como ruptura de la fatalidad.
Postnatal gene therapy for neuromuscular diseases – opportunities and limitations
Authors: Kirschner Janbernd
Published: September 2021

During the last decade a number of innovative treatments including gene therapies have been approved for the treatment of monogenic inherited diseases. For some neuromuscular diseases these approaches have dramatically changed the course of the disease. For others relevant challenges still remain and require disease specific approaches to overcome difficulties related to the immune response and the efficient transduction of target cells. This review provides an overview of the current development status of mutation specific treatments for neuromuscular diseases and concludes with on outlook on future developments and perspectives.
There is value in taking the time to teach history of dentistry and ethics in dentistry curriculum
Authors: Ergünol Erdal , Şemsi Rabia , Sepici Dinçel Aylin
Published: September 2021

Objectives

The teaching and assessment of soft skills such as ethical behaviour remains a challenge to dental schools. This paper aims to attempt to help the description and retrospective evaluation of a history of dentistry and medical ethics course in the dentistry curriculum of Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University.

Methods

The study included students (n=78) of the Faculty of Dental Sciences of Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University. History of dentistry and medical ethics are taught each for 1 h, total 2 h per week in the curriculum (theoretical/cases). Students’ academic performance was evaluated with mid-term and final exams. Participants were assessed according to their level of success and failure.

Results

Participants of the study were 51.3% (n=40) male and 48.7% (n=38) female students. The success rate of the midterm exam was 78.34%, while the success rate of the final was 76.32%. Mid-term exam success was not statistically significantly different than final exam (p>0.215).

Conclusions

The success of our students in the history of dentistry and ethics course are promising clues for us to propose that there is value in taking the time to teach the course in dental curriculum.
The forgotten Eastern Front: dealing with the social and archaeological legacies of the Battle of the Rawka and Bzura Rivers (1914–1915), central Poland
Authors: Zalewska Anna I. , Kiarszys Grzegorz
Published: September 2021

While the Western Front of the Great (or First World) War is deeply engrained in the European historical consciousness, memories of the Eastern Front are less prominent. Here, events have been repressed, obscured by the subsequent experience of the Second World War and by heritage policy in the region. The authors present the results of archaeological investigations of a battlefield in central Poland, where static trench warfare was fought between December 1914 and July 1915. A unique landscape palimpsest was formed, the present neglected state of which is a material expression of contemporary attitudes to the legacy of the forgotten Eastern Front. The study illustrates the wider intersection of warfare, identity and memory.
Generalizable EEG Encoding Models with Naturalistic Audiovisual Stimuli
Authors: Desai Maansi , Holder Jade , Villarreal Cassandra , Clark Nat , Hoang Brittany , Hamilton Liberty S.
Published: September 2021

In natural conversations, listeners must attend to what others are saying while ignoring extraneous background sounds. Recent studies have used encoding models to predict electroencephalography (EEG) responses to speech in noise-free listening situations, sometimes referred to as “speech tracking.” Researchers have analyzed how speech tracking changes with different types of background noise. It is unclear, however, whether neural responses from acoustically rich, naturalistic environments with and without background noise can be generalized to more controlled stimuli. If encoding models for acoustically rich, naturalistic stimuli are generalizable to other tasks, this could aid in data collection from populations of individuals who may not tolerate listening to more controlled and less engaging stimuli for long periods of time. We recorded noninvasive scalp EEG while 17 human participants (8 male/9 female) listened to speech without noise and audiovisual speech stimuli containing overlapping speakers and background sounds. We fit multivariate temporal receptive field encoding models to predict EEG responses to pitch, the acoustic envelope, phonological features, and visual cues in both stimulus conditions. Our results suggested that neural responses to naturalistic stimuli were generalizable to more controlled datasets. EEG responses to speech in isolation were predicted accurately using phonological features alone, while responses to speech in a rich acoustic background were more accurate when including both phonological and acoustic features. Our findings suggest that naturalistic audiovisual stimuli can be used to measure receptive fields that are comparable and generalizable to more controlled audio-only stimuli.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUnderstanding spoken language in natural environments requires listeners to parse acoustic and linguistic information in the presence of other distracting stimuli. However, most studies of auditory processing rely on highly controlled stimuli with no background noise, or with background noise inserted at specific times. Here, we compare models where EEG data are predicted based on a combination of acoustic, phonetic, and visual features in highly disparate stimuli—sentences from a speech corpus and speech embedded within movie trailers. We show that modeling neural responses to highly noisy, audiovisual movies can uncover tuning for acoustic and phonetic information that generalizes to simpler stimuli typically used in sensory neuroscience experiments.
Effects of Chord Inversion and Bass Patterns on Harmonic Expectancy in Musicians
Authors: Schwitzgebel Emily , White Christopher Wm.
Published: September 2021

This study tests the respective roles of pitch-class content and bass patterns within harmonic expectation using a mix of behavioral and computational experiments. In our first two experiments, participants heard a paradigmatic chord progression derived from music theory textbooks and were asked to rate how well different target endings completed that progression. The completion included the progression’s paradigmatic target, different inversions of that chord (i.e., different members of the harmony were heard in the lowest voice), and a “mismatched” target, a triad that shared its lowest pitch with the paradigmatic ending but altered other pitch-class content. Participants generally rated the paradigmatic target most highly, followed by other inversions of that chord, with lowest ratings generally elicited by the mismatched target. This suggests that listeners’ harmonic expectations are sensitive to both bass patterns and pitch-class content. However, these results did not hold in all cases. A final computational experiment was run to determine whether variations in behavioral responses could be explained by corpus statistics. To this end, n-gram chord-transition models and frequency measurements were compiled for each progression. Our findings suggest that listeners rate highly and have stronger expectations about chord progressions that occur frequently and behave consistently within tonal corpora.
Experience of Groove Questionnaire
Authors: Düvel Nina , Labonde Philippe , Bechtold Toni , Senn Olivier , Kopiez Reinhard
Published: September 2021

In recent empirical research, the experience of groove (i.e., the pleasant sense of wanting to move along with the music) has come into focus. By developing the new Experience of Groove Questionnaire (EGQ), Senn et al. (2020) have provided a standardized and validated research instrument for future studies, consisting of the two correlated factors Urge to Move and Pleasure. The present study reports the translation of the English version into German and a validation with a German sample (N = 455). The original version’s factor structure was confirmed by the German data. Test-retest reliability was found to be high (rtt > .85) for both factors. To determine convergent validity, two other scales were included: The Drum Pattern Quality Scale (Frühauf, Kopiez, & Platz, 2013) and the Aesthetic Emotions Scale (Schindler et al., 2017) showed high correlations (.78 < r < .87) with the two factors of the EGQ and therefore indicated convergent validity. We conclude that the German version shows good psychometric properties and recommend its use for future research on the experience of groove.
Factors related to negative self-care adherence in individuals with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Silva Álef Lucas Dantas de Araújo , Santos Cayane Maria da Silva , Oliveira Maria Verônica Gomes de , Nunes Waleska de Brito , Nogueira Matheus Figueiredo , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes , Andrade Lidiane Lima de
Published: September 2021

Objective: to detect factors related to negative adherence to self-care in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Methods: observational, cross-sectional, analytical, and exploratory study, conducted with individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and followed-up by the Family Health Strategy. The sample consisted of 250 participants. The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire was used for self-care assessment. Association tests, prevalence ratio and Poisson regression with robust variance were performed in the analysis. Results: negative attitudes related to self-care increased by 21% for single/divorced/widowed, 20% for retired, 54% for those who did not diet, 28% for those who did not practice physical activity, 24% for hypertensive, 30% for those with dyslipidemia, and 44% for those with retinopathy. Conclusion: socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors, presence of comorbidities and complications related to diabetes mellitus were related to negative adherence to self-care.
The Anatomical History of a Single Coronary Artery Anomaly: A Case Report
Authors: Muhtaroglu Musa , Fahrioglu Sevda Lafcı , Beton Osman , İlgi Sezgin
Published: September 2021

Single coronary artery(SCA) anomaly is a rare anomaly where the right and left coronary arteries arise from a single ostium in the sinus valsalva and feed the whole heart. Although asymptomatic in most cases, it can cause angina, syncope, myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. It is essential to diagnose it especially in terms of the risk of encountering clinical pictures such as sudden death at a young age and its association with other congenital anomalies. In this report, we present a patient with a SCA anomaly. During an emergency conventional angiography, a right coronary artery(RCA) arising from the left main coronary artery(LMCA) originating from a single ostium was detected in the aorta.
Mechanical and physical properties of regenerated biomass composite films from lignocellulosic materials in ionic liquid
Authors: Zhang Kehong , Xiao Hui , Su Yuhang , Wu Yanrong , Cui Ying , Li Ming
Published: September 2021

As an important sustainable source of biomass, lignocellulosic materials are highly recalcitrant to biotransformation, which limits their use and prevents economically viable conversion into value-added products. Ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as attractive solvents for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment in the production of biochemical feedstocks. In this work, a mixture of wood powder and waste paper was dissolved in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM]Cl). Composite films were made from the regenerated lignocellulosic materials in [AMIM]Cl by adjusting the ratio of the raw materials. The physical and mechanical properties of biomass composite films were determined by optical microscopy (OM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and tensile strength tests. The results indicated that lignocellulosic materials were dissolved in [AMIM]Cl by destroying inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds between lignocelluloses. With increasing waste paper cellulose content, the dissolution of the fir powder in [AMIM]Cl was accelerated, and the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite films increased. The rate of dissolution initially rose rapidly with increasing content of waste paper cellulose content, but the rate leveled off when the content was above 40%. This research highlights new opportunities for biodegradable composite films made from waste biomass.
Construction of an economic model for prospective forest products manufacturing facilities
Authors: Griffin J. William , Seale R. Daniel , Owens Frank C. , Grace Laura A.
Published: September 2021

In recent years, the capital investment amounts flowing into the forest products industry in the southeastern United States have been unequal from state to state. Reasons for this have been informally hypothesized, but the topic has not been researched in depth. An economic model was tested that will aid relevant stakeholders in addressing this problem. The model utilizes a combination of county-level and state-level data related to lumber manufacturing and a linear programming solver to produce estimates of variable costs for a mill built in any Southeastern county. The variable costs considered by the program include raw materials, labor, electricity, and transportation costs (which are paid by the customer). Future versions of the model will consider non-financial metrics such as timber supply, socioeconomic statistics, and competition for timber-consuming facilities. This model could be exceptionally useful to those involved in industry recruitment efforts, as it provides them with an objective method for evaluating counties in both their state and competing states.
Mokslas interpretacijų sankryžoje
Authors: Tytmonas Alfredas
Published: September 2021

Straipsnis skirtas marksistinės mokslo koncepcijos prielaidoms ir svarbiausiems bruožams eksplikuoti. Teigiama, kad tiesioginė marksistinės mokslo koncepcijos prielaida yra pažintinės veiklos supratimas klasikinėje vokiečių filosofijoje, tai yra žmogiškojo pažinimo veikliosios pusės problematika, kurią iškėlė klasikinis vokiečių idealizmas. Marksizmo pradininkai teigė, kad mokslo vaidmuo visuomeniniame procese gerokai išauga todėl, kad kapitalizme gamybos procesas iš paprasto darbo proceso virsta moksliniu procesu, pajungdamas sau gamtos jėgas ir leisdamas, kad jos tarnautų žmogaus poreikiams. K. Marxas prasidedančiam mokslo virtimo visuomenės gamybine jėga procesui iš karto teikė pasaulinę istorinę reikšmę. Jis atskleidė, kad mokslo ir materialinės gamybos prasiskverbimas į vienas kitą yra kapitalo tendencija. Daroma išvada, kad marksizmo pradininkų sukurta mokslo ir jo socialinių pagrindų panorama sudarė vaisingą metodologinį pagrindą moksliškai tyrinėti mokslo fenomeną. Jų sukurta mokslo koncepcija naujomis istorinėmis sąlygomis buvo toliau plėtojama ir iš esmės ją praturtino V. Leninas.
Vokiečių klasikinio idealizmo krizė ir A. Šopenhauerio iracionalizmas
Authors: Andrijauskas Antanas
Published: September 2021

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos vokiečių filosofo A. Schopenhauerio filosofijos ištakos, svarbiausi bruožai ir jos įtaka vėlėsnei filosofijos raidai. Teigiama, kad jo filosofija yra dėsningas vokiškojo racionalizmo irimo produktas, jo paneigimas naujomis istorinėmis sąlygomis. A. Schopenhaueris paskelbė aklą ir nesąmoningą valią pagrindiniu savo filosofinės sistemos principu. Jo voliuntaristinis idealizmas tapo viena iš pagrindinių ankstyvojo iracionalizmo formų. Skelbdamas istorijos ir pažangos beprasmiškumą bei alogizmą, jis siekė įtvirtinti iracionalios valios pirmumą istorijoje bei paneigti panlogizmą ir panistorizmą. Daroma išvada, kad A. Schopenhauerio dekadentinis nihilizmas ne tik simbolizuoja renesansinių ir romantinių sintetinių siekių destrukciją, bet kartu netiesiogiai atspindi realią tiesos ir grožio padėtį tuometiniame pasaulyje. A. Schopenhauerio pesimistinė filosofija buvo nukreipta prieš jo pirmtakų suformuotas humanistinių vertybių sistemas bei jų siekius įprasminti vientisos, harmoningos asmenybės idealą. Jo totalinis pesimizmas, biologizmas, voliuntarizmas ir estetizmas padarė didelę įtaką vėlesnėje buržuazinėje filosofijoje ir meninėje sąmonėje.
Žmonijos išlikimo problema ir atsakingumo filosofijoje
Authors: Stoškus Krescencijus
Published: September 2021

Jokūbo Minkevičiaus knygos „XX a. filosofinė panorama“ recenzija. Knygoje aprašyti trys pasaulio filosofų kongresai (Vienos, Varnos ir Diuseldorfo) bei sociologų kongresas Toronte. Skaitytojas supažindinamas su kongresų tematika, parodomas jos aktualumas, išryškinami bendri socialinės metodologijos principai, kurių laikosi marksistinės ir nemarksistinės teorijos, spręsdamos aštrias epochos problemas. Knygos autorius įsitikinęs, kad filosofija gali prisidėti prie žmonijos globalinių sunkumų įveikimo, nes atlieka visų mokslo žinių integravimo, apibendrinimo funkciją. Recenzentas kritikuoja autorių dėl knygoje pasitaikančių skubotų, nepagrįstų teiginių, dėl kai kurių filosofų neįtraukimo į knygos pabaigoje publikuojamą žymiausių filosofų ir žymesnių jų darbų chronologinį sąrašą.
Flow approaches to community allocation in complex network systems
Authors: Polishchuk Olexandr
Published: September 2021

The paper investigates the problem of finding communities in complex network systems, the detec-tion of which allows a better understanding of the laws of their functioning. To solve this problem, two approaches are proposed based on the use of flows characteristics of complex network. The first of these approaches consists in calculating the parameters of influence of separate subsys-tems of the network system, distinguished by the principles of ordering or subordination, and the second, in using the concept of its flow core. Based on the proposed approaches, reliable criteria for finding communities have been formulated and efficient algorithms for their detection in com-plex network systems have been developed. It is shown that the proposed approaches make it pos-sible to single out communities in cases in which the existing numerical and visual methods turn out to be disabled.
Intestinal helminth infections in the golden jackal (Canis aureus L.) from Vojvodina: Hotspot area of multilocular echinococcosis in Serbia
Authors: Miljević Milan , Lalošević Dušan , Simin Verica , Blagojević Jelena , Čabrilo Borislav , Čabrilo Olivera Bjelić
Published: September 2021

In the present study, 64 golden jackals were examined for intestinal helminths in three regions of Vojvodina, Serbia. Among the examined jackals 57.8% were infected with at least one parasite species. Using the intestinal scraping technique (SCT), eight species of intestinal helminths were found: Alaria alata (7.8%), Toxascaris leonina (9.4%), Toxocara canis (4.7%), Uncinaria stenocephala (20.3%), Echinococcus multilocularis (14.1%), Mesocestoides sp. (42.2%), Taenia pisiformis, and Taenia hydatigena (the overall prevalence of Taenia infection was 6.3%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of T. leonina in jackals from Serbia. In comparison with the SCT results, coprological tests were less sensitive and specific for parasite identification, as only two nematode species (T. leonina and T. canis) as well as ancylostomatid and taeniid eggs were identified. The total prevalence of intestinal helminths was higher in males (71.9% males, 45% females), but the difference was not statistically significant (χ
2 = 3.76; P = 0.052). Co-infection with two species of intestinal helminths was found in 35% of the examined golden jackal individuals, three-species co-infection was demonstrated in 21.6%, whereas four-species co-infection was detected in 2.7% of the golden jackals examined. Echinococcus multilocularis has previously been recorded in jackals and foxes in Serbia, but only in Vojvodina. Our results corroborate the findings of previous studies, and indicate that the Vojvodina Province, more specifically the Srem region, is probably a high-risk area for E. multilocularis transmission to humans.
Adaptação transcultural e investigação psicométrica da Escala de Estresse na Alimentação de Salzburg (SSES) para uma amostra de adultos brasileiros
Authors: Santos Priscila Carvalho , Silva Wanderson Roberto da , Marôco João , Campos Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini
Published: September 2021

Os objetivos deste estudo foram adaptar a Escala de Estresse na Alimentação de Salzburg (SSES) para o português brasileiro, estimar suas propriedades psicométricas para uma amostra de adultos jovens e verificar, separadamente para cada sexo, a relação da idade e do índice de massa corporal (IMC) com a forma de lidar com a alimentação frente ao estresse. A adaptação da SSES para o português foi realizada seguindo protocolo consolidado. As propriedades psicométricas foram estimadas para cada sexo a partir das validades fatorial e convergente e da confiabilidade. A invariância foi testada em subamostras independentes para cada sexo. A relação da idade e do IMC com a alimentação frente ao estresse foi investigada para cada sexo usando a modelagem de equações estruturais. A prevalência dos indivíduos em categorias que representaram manutenção, redução ou aumento da alimentação frente ao estresse foi calculada. Participaram do estudo 1.030 indivíduos (61,8% mulheres) com média de idade de 25,5 (DP = 5,3) anos. O modelo original da SSES apresentou bom ajuste para a amostra feminina, mas, para a masculina, um item foi excluído, e uma correlação residual foi inserida. Esses modelos foram invariantes em subamostras independentes. O IMC elevado influenciou na alimentação frente ao estresse. Os homens mantêm a alimentação habitual, enquanto as mulheres a aumentam frente ao estresse. A versão em português da SSES será útil para investigar a alimentação frente ao estresse no Brasil. Modelos diferentes da SESS foram ajustados para cada sexo. O IMC foi uma variável significativa para avaliar a alimentação frente ao estresse.
Comparison of meat quality from Naïma and DanBred hybrid sows mated with P-76 boars
Authors: Zybert Andrzej , Tarczyński Krystian , Sieczkowska Halina , Młynek Krzysztof
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was the comparative analysis of selected attributes of nutritional and technological quality of pork from Naïma and DanBred gilts mated with P-76 boars. The research was carried on 50 pigs (25 in each group) reared under the same environmental conditions and slaughtered at about 115±5.0 kg. Both analyzed crossbreds populations were characterized by overall good nutritional and technological quality. However the loins from DanBred×P-76 compared with those from Naïma×P-76 had significantly greater glycogen and less lactate concentration in early post mortem period, higher pH at all measurement points (besides no statistical differences in pH measured 2 hours post mortem), lower thermal drip and drip loss measured 96 and 144 hours post mortem and lower lightness (except no differences measured 48 hours post mortem). Additionally loins from DanBred×P-76 contained more protein and less water. No statistical differences in IMF content between both analysed groups were noted (their average values were below 2%). Aforementioned may suggest that crossing both Naïma and DanBred hybrids with P-76 boars may not improve IMF content or increase marbling scores to the levels preferred for culinary purposes.
DIFERENÇAS CONCEITUAIS E PEDAGÓGICAS ENTRE OS TERMOS “BRINCADEIRA” E “JOGO” NO BRASIL
Authors: Mello Maria Aparecida
Published: September 2021

Este artigo é parte de tese titular, cujo objetivo foi identificar as diferenças teóricas entre os conceitos de jogo e brincadeira, o papel de cada um deles nas aprendizagens das crianças e implicações nas práticas pedagógicas na Educação Infantil. A Teoria Histórico-Cultural fundamentou a pesquisa teórica e o método genético na metodologia, a partir do levantamento bibliográfico em livros e artigos científicos sobre “brincadeira” e “jogo” e em autores russos apenas sobre o “jogo”. Os resultados indicaram que a brincadeira é atividade principal de crianças de zero a três anos, diferente do que é usualmente adotado na área para todas as faixas etárias da Educação Infantil. O jogo discutido no referencial Histórico-Cultural, normalmente traduzido por brincadeira, contrariamente, refere-se ao “jogo de papéis”, o qual foi evidenciado como atividade principal de crianças de três a seis anos. A importância desses resultados para as aprendizagens das crianças corrobora a centralidade do aspecto lúdico nos conteúdos da Educação Infantil, diferenciando-os em suas especificidades, ou seja, a brincadeira como atividade principal de crianças de 0 a 3 anos necessita evoluir para jogos de papéis de crianças de 3 a 6 anos, uma vez que ambos são essenciais para que elas evoluam de atividades involuntárias às atividades voluntárias. As implicações dessa pesquisa para as práticas pedagógicas centram-se na necessidade de o corpo docente conhecer e passar a incluir os jogos de papéis nas atividades das crianças de 3 a 6 anos, auxiliando-as no desenvolvimento da autonomia, de atividades volitivas e autocontrole de suas atitudes.
A simple and economic protocol for efficient in vitro fertilization using cryopreserved mouse sperm v2
Authors: Wigger Magdalena , E Tröder Simon , Zevnik Branko
Published: September 2021

The advent of genome editing tools like CRISPR/Cas has substantially increased the number of genetically engineered mouse models in recent years. In support of refinement and reduction, sperm cryopreservation is advantageous compared to embryo freezing for archiving and distribution of such mouse models. The in vitro fertilization using cryopreserved sperm from the most widely used C57BL/6 strain has become highly efficient in recent years due to several improvements of the procedure. However, purchase of the necessary media for routine application of the current protocol poses a constant burden on budgetary constraints. In-house media preparation, instead, is complex and requires quality control of each batch. Here, we describe a cost-effective and easily adaptable approach for in vitro fertilization using cryopreserved C57BL/6 sperm. This is mainly achieved by modification of an affordable commercial fertilization medium and a step-by-step description of all other necessary reagents. This protocol is compatible with frozen sperm from all major repositories and the IVF can easily be adapted to accommodate freshly harvested sperm.
Collection and preservation of eDNA from marine water samples v1
Authors: Ramón-Laca Ana , Wells Abigail , Park Linda
Published: September 2021

This protocol is designed for water collection from Niskin bottles and filtration at sea using reusable filter cups. Aim: to collect and filter 2.5 L of water at each depth from each CTD cast and preserved the filter at room temperature in lysis buffer