bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Have autocrats governed for the long term?
Authors: Millemaci Emanuele , Monteforte Fabio , Temple Jonathan R. W.
Published: December 2023

The short answer is: probably not. We infer the priorities of national governments fromobserved outcomes, constructing a statistical proxy for long-term benevolence. Using databetween 1960 and 2019 for more than 100 countries, we show that, on average, democraciesscore more highly on our measure.We then investigate whether variation in long-termbenevolence can explain the ‘autocratic gamble’ - the well-known tendency for growthrates to vary more widely across autocracies than across democracies. We show that thedistribution of long-term benevolence under democracy first-order stochastically dominatesits distribution under autocracy. Put differently, although there is an autocraticgamble in growth rates, there is no autocratic gamble in wider development outcomes.The rapid growth seen in some autocracies probably originates in regime self-interestrather than unusually benevolent leadership.
Threading the Needle in the Digital Age: Four Paradigmatic Challenges for Responsible Design Science Research
Authors: Herwix Alexander
Published: December 2023

The rapid development of life-changing information technologies poses a significant societal challenge: finding responsible ways to harness their benefits while mitigating potentially catastrophic consequences. However, our understanding of how to contribute to this imperative is still in its early stages, especially in the face of accelerating technological advances, such as in the field of artificial intelligence. In response, this paper proposes the deliberate development of a responsible design science research (DSR) ecosystem as a promising way forward. This responsible DSR ecosystem aims to leverage the insights and diversity of the information systems (IS) research community, along with perspectives from related fields, to address societal challenges in a responsible and productive manner. The paper presents a conceptualization of responsible DSR, characterized by four paradigmatic challenges: ontological, epistemological, axiological, and methodological. Through a multi-grounded research process involving empirical, theoretical, and internal grounding, key challenges for responsible DSR practice are conceptualized and recommendations for its future development are provided. This paper contributes to IS research by presenting a paradigmatic framework that can provide a common ground for the wide variety of IS research interested in addressing real-world problems, and by offering recommendations that open up new perspectives on the possibilities and limitations of responsible DSR. Overall, this work can be seen as nothing more or less than an invitation to embark on a collective journey to imagine a responsible DSR ecosystem and shape its future for the benefit of humanity.
Downward Mobility and Far-Right Party Support: A Broad Assessment
Authors: Jacobs Alan M. , Kayser Mark Andreas
Published: December 2023

Much debate has centered on the relative effects of economic and cultural factors on support for far-right parties. Recent work, however, has proposed a synthesis focused on the role of social status, a concept capturing a combination of economic position and social esteem. While previous studies have adduced suggestive evidence that status loss shapes far-right support, this paper presents the broadest empirical assessment of the proposition to date. Operationalizing long-term status change as intergenerational occupational mobility, we find a strong relationship between mobility and support for the far right across ten European countries and two decades. Moreover, adopting a modeling approach that addresses confounding between status levels and status change, we demonstrate an asymmetry: while downward mobility predicts increased far-right voting, upward mobility has little effect. The findings suggest that long-run economic forces that have depressed the occupational prospects of lower-skilled, native-born workers contribute to the far right’s rise.
Anti-Immigrant Bias in the Choice Between Punitive and Rehabilitative Justice
Authors: Riaz Sascha , Hamjediers Maik
Published: December 2023

We study bias in judicial authorities' efforts to rehabilitate and reintegrate immigrant offenders into society. Our empirical strategy leverages a unique feature of the German criminal code: the optional application of rehabilitative juvenile criminal law or punitive general criminal law for 18-20-year-old offenders, based on a subjective assessment of offenders' psychological `maturity' by judges. Drawing on complete records of 792,000 court hearings between 2009 and 2018, we show that immigrant offenders are about ten percentage points less likely to be sentenced under juvenile law compared to natives convicted for the same crime. The immigrant-native gap in rehabilitative justice correlates with anti-immigrant sentiment across space and has spiked in recent years, suggesting a link between the salience of group-based identities and judicial decision-making. Our findings raise concerns about equal legal treatment and highlight that biases in the application of rehabilitative justice may contribute to higher recidivism rates among immigrant offenders.
A Legal History of Land Acquisition in India
Authors: Mahmood Faisal
Published: December 2023

Development-induced displacement (DID) significantly dominates the problem of internal displacement in India. It occurs when people are forced to leave their habitat to implement large-scale infrastructural projects. Some 10 million people worldwide are displaced or resettled every year due to development projects, with the largest share of displacement due to the construction of dams, urbanization and mining. It has been regarded as ‘the youngest type of involuntary migration.’

In India, the problem of development-induced displacement is quite historical. However, it was only during the British period that the development-induced displacement started gaining attention. This paper seeks to discover the roots of development-induced displacement in India in its pre and post-independent periods. It also discusses the development of various acts of land appropriation since the Company Raj till the present day to understand the patterns and nature of land acquisition and displacement.
An investigation into the Dharmasutras' Manusmruti Varna system
Authors: Bhagat Prathibha , Kantekure Ravichandra Gurushantappa
Published: December 2023

A wealth of knowledge on the political, judicial, and social climate of that era may be found in Manusmriti. The earliest and most well-known smriti is Manusmriti, also known as Manava dharmasastra. A standard representation of Hindu society and civilization, the Manusmriti is the most authoritative source of Hindu law. The second-century manuscript Manusmriti is credited with maintaining the varna system, which consists of four divisions within society. This classification, however, does not only apply to Manusmriti. Instead, it is a prevalent aspect—indeed, a fundamental component—of all of the Dharma literature. The challenges the Brahmin group faced during a time of extreme social upheaval seem to have been taken into consideration when the book was written. The Vyavaharapadas worldview aims to restore the oneness of the Brahmin and Kshatriya ethnic groups. Eleven The focus on this topic is intended to be seen as a gift of similarity from the ruling elite to the religious community. Apart from the Vedas, very few other literary works in the world perhaps give women as much respect and privileges as these do, as the Manu Smriti gladly attests to. It might be necessary to search for further modifications even in well-known women's activist works to properly arrange Manu Smriti. It is not very clear from everything I have looked at that women are the cornerstone of a good society. The other ancient political philosophers shared Manu's belief that women were a creature that required care and protection and could not exist on their own. However, the intellectuals' belief reduced women to subservient entities. Women have always taken a backseat to men in society. She was seldom treated with respect; occasionally, somebody would refer to her pitiful situation. The author attempted to analyze the varna system in Manusmriti as well as the position of women during that time.
The Perception of Household about Solid Waste Management Issues in India
Authors: Goel Deepali , Singhal Vandna
Published: December 2023

Solid waste management issues created by homegrown, business and modern exercises is regularly unpredictably arranged off and its informal administration prompts genuine natural create natural issues. One of the significant difficulties presented by fast urbanization is the executives of waste produced by ever expanding populace. Local area interest has an immediate bearing on effective solid waste management. This paper is set out to present the in-depth perception of households regarding domestic solid waste management in Moradabad of Uttar Pradesh. The study is descriptive and cross sectional in nature. The researcher used questionnaire as the main research instrument for the study. 95 respondents were selected randomly from one zone of Moradabad. It has been found from the study that majority of the respondents were agreed to every statement of the questionnaire and no difference have been found in the perception of male and female respondents towards solid waste management practices.
Effect of External Pressure and Temperature on Alkali-Halide Superconductors
Authors: Kumar Pavan , Katare Rajesh , Tripathi S.B.L.
Published: December 2023

In this research paper I have thoroughly described about the topic “Effect of External Pressure and Temperature on Alkali-Halide Superconductors.” The effects of external pressure and temperature on alkali-halide superconductors have shown a fascinating physical interaction with far-reaching ramifications. Alkali-halide superconductors, which have higher critical temperatures (Tc) than typical superconductors, react strongly to environmental effects. Under pressure, these materials' Tc increases significantly, forming new superconducting phases. Complex crystal structure and electronic property changes accompany pressure-induced superconducting tuning. By manipulating pressure and temperature, complicated phase diagrams and quantum critical points may be seen, revealing mysterious quantum processes. These discoveries improve our knowledge of superconductivity and might benefit high-field magnets, power transmission, quantum computing, and energy-efficient technology. Alkali-halide superconductors under external circumstances continue to fascinate researchers in materials science and condensed matter physics, enabling technological advances and a deeper knowledge of basic physics.
Chronological social and ecological analysis of humanity on a geospatial basis
Authors: Upadhyay Nishant
Published: December 2023

Human is not a machine, he can improve his life through participant observation, discussion, thinking and acting. According to humanistic ideology, geography is the study of the Earth as the home of man. The life philosophy based on technical achievements, social organization, beliefs and values keeps on adapting or exploiting or refining various elements of the environment to fulfill the needs, due to which the specific way of life of human beings prevails. Keeping in mind the natural ecology according to geographical resources, it prepares the background for development on the basis of nature i.e. religion to address social concerns as well as human needs and sensitivities.

Abstract in Hindi Language:

मानव एक मशीन नहीं है,वह सहभागी अवलोकन, चर्चा, सोच और अभिनय के माध्यम से अपने जीवन को बेहतर बना सकते हैं। मानवतावादी विचारधारा के अनुसार, भूगोल मनुष्य के घर के रूप में पृथ्वी का अध्ययन है। तकनीकी उपलब्धियां, सामाजिक संगठन, मान्यताओं और मूल्यों पर आधारित जीवन-दर्शन तथा आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति हेतु वातावरण के विभिन्न तत्वों से अनुकूलन अथवा उनका शोषण या परिष्करण करता रहता है, जिससे मनुष्य की विशिष्ट जीवन पद्धति प्रचलित होती है। भौगोलिक संसाधनो के अनुसार प्राकृतिक पारिस्थितिक को ध्यान में  रखते हुए ,सामाजिक सरोकार के साथ साथ मानवीय आवश्यकताओं एवं सम्वेदनाओं के समाधान हेतु प्रकृति अर्थात धर्म के आधार पर विकास की पृष्ठ भूमि तैयार करता है।

Keywords: भारत में मानवतावाद और मानवीयकरण का प्रारम्भ ।
Understanding the Relationship between Civil Society and the State
Authors: Girotra Vinay
Published: December 2023

World is facing so many challenges like the protection of the human rights of people, protection and preservation of the environment, terrorism, racial violence, drug trafficking and sale, climate change and so on. States or the governments alone cannot tackle these challenges. Civil Society is one important institution that has come in support of the governments in facing all these challenges. However, sometimes relationship between state and civil society becomes tense as states start thinking that civil society institutions are interfering in their jurisdiction. To deal with such tensions, different thinkers have provided various theoretical perspectives, which have been discussed in this paper.
Sustainable consumption and satisfaction level of consumers of organic products in Haryana
Authors: Pahal Suman , Nirmala
Published: December 2023

The current study aims to illustrate the utilisation of organic products and its correlation with sustainable consumption and level of satisfaction between the users of organic products in Haryana. This study elucidates the diverse aspects associated with sustainable consumption for customers when they buy organic products. Additionally, it evaluates the correlation between sustainable consumption and the level of pleasure among consumers who use organic products. Primary responses have been collected from the end users of organic product in Haryana. There are 268 female and 252 male respondents considered to conduct the analysis. Data has been collected though open ended questionnaire. There are nine components showing the level of correlation among them. These factors are (Information & Communication), PRC (Price), RE (Resource Efficiency), SE (Social & Ethical Values), EF (Environment Friendly), HL (Health), Q (Quality), SL (Service Level), FD (Freshness and Durability). Some of the above factors have found high correlation and some have low.
THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF BLOOD MARKERS IN PREDICTION OF THE PROBABILITY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FIBROTIC PROCESS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C VIRUS
Authors: Sheiko Anastasiia H. , Yurko Kateryna V. , Solomennyk Hanna O. , Kucheriavchenko Valerii V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Recently, a negative trend of increasing the levels of prevalence, disability and mortality caused by chronic viral hepatitis C (HCV) infection has been determined. Around the world is defined 0.6-10.0 % suffer from chronic HCV (about 71 million with an annual increase of 1.75 million cases). Even higher are the levels of HCV seropositivity, which according to the WHO are about 100 million people (1.6 % of the world population). The WHO identified the need to improve the diagnosis of chronic HCV and to identify its asymptomatic forms and irreversible consequences (liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis). Increasing the effectiveness of existing and developing new diagnostic approaches to improve early detection of chronic HCV and its consequences (liver fibrosis) is an urgent issue.
The aim. To determine the prognostic possibilities of blood markers for the diagnosis of the development of the fibrotic process in chronic viral hepatitis C.
Materials and methods. 78 people were examined: 47 (main group) – with chronic HCV and 31 – without chronic HCV (comparison group).
Results. Probable associations with increased risks of development of LF in chronic HCV were: increased Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) (OR=4.305; 95.0 % CI 1.187-15.619; p=0.026) and Platelets (OR=0.955; 95.0 % CI 0.922-0.989; p=0.011), which indicated increased chances of developing LF in chronic HCV when exceeding the standard MCH indicators (by 4.305 times) and reduced chances – when increasing Platelets (on 4,5 %).
Conclusions. Based on the research, it was determined that blood markers can be used as a significant predictor of the development of LF of patients with chronic HCV. Increased levels of MCH and Platelets in blood serum characterize a significant relationship with the development of LF in patients with chronic HCV, which indicates a significant influence of blood markers on the pathogenesis of LF in patients with chronic HCV.
ERYTHROPOIETIN SYNTESIS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE DEPENDING ON COMORBID PATHOLOGY
Authors: Pavliukovych Nataliia D. , Husak Volodymyr V. , Pavliukovych Oleksandr V. , Shuper Vira O. , Shuper Serhii V. , Husak Olena M.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Decreased production of erythropoietin by the kidneys plays crucial role in the development of anemia in patients with chronic heart failure, especially on the background of comorbid diabetes mellitus type 2. In diabetic patients due to early damage of the kidney vessels and following erythropoietin deficiency anemia develops much earlier than clinically significant decrease of glomerular filtration rate.
The aim of the study was to find out possible dependence of changes in the erythropoietinsynthesizing function of the kidneys on the degree of severity of anemic hypoxia in elderly and senile patients with chronic heart failure, including those with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods. 120 patients with chronic heart failure of ischemic origin, type 2 diabetes mellitus and mild and moderate anemia were examined. Control group comprised 12 people with chronic heart failure without comorbid pathology. The examined groups were comparable in terms of gender and age, differing in the presence of comorbid diabetes mellitus and degree of severity of anemic syndrome. The level of erythropoietin in blood serum was determined by standard enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.
Results. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic heart failure results in a significant decrease in erythropoietin production by 25 % compared to the control group (p<0,05). Comorbid to heart failure anemia leads to an increase in the level of erythropoietin by 74,4 % (р<0,05), and in the case of chronic heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus on the background of concomitant anemia – only by 39,5 % (р<0,05). As the severity of anemia in patients with chronic heart failure without diabetes progresses, the severity of the compensatory response of the kidneys to chronic anemic hypoxia is significantly higher than in patients with heart failure and comorbid type 2 diabetes.
Conclusions. Diabetic nephropathy in patients with chronic heart failure and comorbid anemia leads to a significant deterioration of the erythropoietin-synthesizing function of the kidneys, complicating the course of both main and comorbid diseases.
THE ROLE OF ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTICS IN ASSESSING THE THICKNESS OF THE COLON WALL IN PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS AND CONCOMITANT ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Dorofeyev Andriy E. , Khairnasova Alina V.
Published: December 2023

Мета дослідження. За допомогою трансабдомінальної ультразвукової діагностики оцінити товщину стінки товстого кишечника у пацієнтів з неспецифічним виразковим колітом та супутньою артеріальною гіпертензією.
Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 96 пацієнтів. З них сформовано дві групи: основна (група І) – пацієнти з неспецифічним виразковим колітом із супутньою артеріальною гіпертензією (n=49; вік – 41,2±12,32 року, M±SD років) та контрольна (група ІІ) – пацієнти з неспецифічним виразковим колітом без супутньої артеріальної гіпертензії (n=47; вік – 40,2±10,85 років). Діагноз неспецифічного виразкового коліту був підтверджений за допомогою колоноскопії з біопсією та подальшим патогістологічним дослідженням. Ендоскопічна оцінка тяжкості неспецифічного виразкового коліту проводилася за Mayo ulcerative colitis system. В усіх пацієнтів був зібраний анамнез, проводився загальноклінічний огляд, амбулаторне вимірювання артеріального тиску, колоноскопія, трансабдомінальна ультразвукова діагностика товстого кишечника. Статистична обробка отриманих даних проводилась з використанням критеріїв оцінки вірогідності.
Результати. В ході дослідження встановлено, що в І групі відзначалося більш виражене потовщення залученої у запальний процес стінки товстої кишки ніж в ІІ групі (p<0,05), що обумовлено системним запальним процесом та наявністю супутньої АГ.
Висновки. Проведене дослідження доводить, що амбулаторне вимірювання артеріального тиску у пацієнтів із неспецифічним виразковим колітом є обов’язковою процедурою. Адже несвоєчасна діагностика супутньої артеріальної гіпертензії може впливати на перебіг та ранній рецидив неспецифічного виразкового коліту. Перевагами трансабдомінальної ультразвукової діагностики кишечника є доступність, порівняно невелика ціна, добра переносимість, відсутність радіаційного впливу та, головне, неінвазивність методу для оцінки активності захворювання.
INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF ELITE WOMEN’S HANDBALL PLAYERS ON THE CHOICE OF STRESS COPING STRATEGIES
Authors: Petrovska Tetiana V. , Arnautova Lilia V. , Palamar Borys I. , Khmelnitska Irene V. , Fedorchuk Svitlana V. , Bulhakova Tetiana M. , Kohut Iryna O.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The problem of finding optimal strategies for overcoming stress by elite athletes remains relevant. Many authors study the problem of stress resistance in sports from the standpoint of forming a set of athlete’s personal qualities. The emotional intelligence is such athlete’s personal characteristics that affect the ability to withstand competitive stress.
The aim of the study: to establish a relation between coping strategies and emotional intelligence of elite women’s handball players.
Materials and methods: Athletes of the Ukrainian national women’s handball team (21 players aged 17 to 28, experience in this sport from 5 to 19 years) took part in the research. The following methods: questionnaire «Ways of coping behaviour» by R. Lazarus, the Nelson-Hall methodology devised to diagnose EI, was used. Data was processed by non-parametric descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk normality test, and correlation analysis.
Results: Strategies using by athletes to increase the ability of the psyche to adapt to anxiety, the level of emotional intelligence and its components, the characteristics of motivation to succeed and motivation to avoid failure have been identified. 61.9 % of elite women’s handball players showed a low level of general emotional intelligence; 38.1 % of people showed a middle level. Correlation analysis between athletes’ choice of coping strategies and manifestations of emotional intelligence revealed certain patterns. «Confrontational coping» correlated with empathy (r = 0.45). Coping «Distancing» correlated with self-control (r = 0.59) and self-motivation (r = 0.53). Coping «Positive reappraisal» correlated with emotional awareness (r = 0.47), self-emotion management (r = 0.52) and overall emotional intelligence (r = 0.59). Coping «Self-control» had a positive correlation with self-motivation (r = 0.53).
Conclusions: The obtained results give grounds to assert the expediency of applying the correction of emotional intelligence by increasing one in the practice of psychological training of athletes, which will increase their stress resistance.
CHRONIC ALCOHOL-INDUCED ENCEPHALOPATHY: PREDICTORS OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY
Authors: Duve Khrystyna V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Predicting the risk of cognitive dysfunction and disability in everyday life among chronic alcohol-induced encephalopathy (CAIE) patients allows timely treatment to prevent dementia.
The aim: to develop a mathematical model for predicting the risk of developing cognitive disorders and functional disability in patients with CAIE based on the analysis of polymorphic variants of the genes ACE, AT2R1, eNOS, PON1, IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, as well as cofactors (gender, age group, the disease duration, and presence/absence of somatic comorbidity).
Materials and methods: We examined the 102 patients with CAIE who were undergoing inpatient treatment in the communal non-profit enterprise «Ternopil Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital» during 2021-2022 and were included in the retrospective analysis. The molecular-genetic testing was performed for 26 patients of the general group. The molecular-genetic differentiation of the studied polymorphic variants of genes was carried out in the molecular-genetic laboratory of the state institution «Reference Centre for Molecular Diagnostics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine», Kyiv. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Test (MoCA); activities of daily living were assessed using the Barthel index. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk of cognitive impairment and functional disability developing in patients with CAIE.
Results: Analyzing polymorphic variants of the ACE, AT2R1, eNOS, PON1, IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α genes, as well as such cofactors as gender, age group, history and presence/absence of somatic comorbidity in the context of the development of cognitive disorders in patients with CAIE it has been established that the C108T polymorphism of the PON1 gene has the most significant prognostic value (in the presence of the T/T genotype, the probability of cognitive impairment is 39.84 %). At the same time, carriage of both the T allele and the C allele of the PON1 gene is associated with a significant decrease in the MoCA score. Regarding the development of functional disability in patients with CAIE, the C108T polymorphism of the PON1 gene also has the most significant prognostic value (in the presence of the T/T genotype, the probability of functional disability is 48.08 %, respectively, C/C – 30.96 % and CT – 39.22 %, however, no statistically significant differences in the Barthel index values were found in carriers of the above genotypes).
Conclusions: It was established that the C108T polymorphism of the PON1 gene is significantly associated with the development of cognitive impairment and functional disability in patients with CAIE, which indicates the feasibility of further studies involving a larger sample of patients.
ASSESSMENT OF SLEEP QUALITY IN UKRAINIANS DURING THE MARTIAL LAW AND THE RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLAINTS DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF CLINICALLY SEVERE INSOMNIA
Authors: Korost Yaroslava V. , Shkvarok Anastasiia K.
Published: December 2023

The aim: To study the problem of insomnia in Ukrainians during the first 11 months of the martial law in the country. To determine the predominant type of insomnia in the population. To calculate and assess the risk indicator for the development of cardiovascular complaints in the context of deteriorating sleep quality during the martial law and the risk ratio.
Materials and methods: Anamnestic, statistical and calculative methods were used. 321 participants from Ukrainian population took part in an anonymous online survey. 210 respondents were female (65.4 %) and 111 were male (34.6 %). The age distribution was as follows: 18-19 years old (23.1 %), 20-21 years old (14 %), 22-23 years old (28.7 %), 24-25 years old (8.1 %), 26-27 years old (6.2 %), 28-29 years old (6.2 %), 30 years and older (13.7 %). The questionnaire included several sections: general questions regarding the respondents’ characteristics and presence of sleep disorders; questions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) [2]; subjective assessment of the sleep quality of the respondents during the first 11 months of the martial law and the presence of cardiovascular complaints that appeared or intensified during this period; details of mentioned complaints.
Results: 245 respondents (76.3 % of 321) of the entire sample reported about sleep disturbances that developed after February 24, 2022. According to the PSQІ, only 17 respondents (7 %) scored 0-7 points, indicating the absence of insomnia, 180 respondents (73 %) scored 8-14 points, suggesting subclinical insomnia, 48 respondents (20 %) scored 15-21 points, indicating clinically significant insomnia. 209 (85.3 %) attributed these changes to the wartime events in the country. The most significant deterioration in sleep quality during the first 11 months of martial law in the country was observed in March 2022 and the best level of sleep quality was indicated in July. The odds ratio in risk calculation was 3.01; the significance level of the obtained data is 0.006.
Conclusions: Subclinical insomnia dominates among Ukrainians during the martial law in the country. There is an increased risk of cardiovascular complaints in the population of Ukraine in the presence of clinically significant sleep disorders related to the martial law. Prolonged exposure to stress for Ukrainians can result in deteriorating sleep quality and increasing in cardiovascular complaints.
THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SELECTION OF APPLICANTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION IN DANGEROUS PROFESSIONS
Authors: Hrynzovskyi Аnatolii М. , Kalashchenko Svitlana I. , Prykhodko Ihor I. , Lutsak Olena O. , Bielai Serhii V.
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study. It was compared the adaptive potential and readiness to perform professional duties among the medical students and cadets of NANGU.
Materials and methods. There were 134 respondents, who took part in a survey which was based on «Adaptability» questionnaire by A. Maklakov. The total time of the survey was thirty minutes. The criteria included respondents at the age from 18-30 and their regular physical activity for at least three times a week. The criteria included respondents at the age from 18-30 and their regular physical activity for at least three times a week. Among the exclusion criteria were duty or night shift in the hospital, taking psychotropic drugs, acute respiratory viral diseases during the survey period.
Results and discussion. Average indices of NANGU cadets belong to the third group of human adaptive abilities (satisfactory abilities), meanwhile the medical students show the prevailing indices of the fourth group (unsatisfactory abilities). Medical students demonstrate lower indices of neuropsychological stability (28,13±12,97 c.u.), comparing to cadets (13,29±9,01 c.u.; t1-2 = 6,87, at p  0,001). The group of medical students demonstrates worse indices on all scales of the «Adaptability» questionnaire, except for the «Probability» scale, comparing to the group of NANGU cadets. It is worth mentioning that medical students reveal greater self-criticism, introversion, they tend to self-reflection that hinders the process of secondary adaptation in society and reduces resistance to stressful conditions.
Conclusions. It indicates a poor adaptation to the requirements of professional activity and determines the need to conduct mandatory psychological selection among medical students during admission to an educational institution. In the future, the level and development of adaptive capabilities of young professionals among students might become one of the main reasons for their change of professional area and subsequently might lead to significant loss of state economic resources which were spent on their training.
MODELS FOR PREDICTING THE RISK OF DISSATISFACTION OF GENERAL PRACTITIONERS-FAMILY DOCTORS WITH WORK IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTERS
Authors: Vozniuk Vira Yu. , Vezhnovets Tatiana A.
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study was to determine the model for predicting the risk of dissatisfaction of general practitioners (GPs) with their work in primary health care centers based on the results of a questionnaire.
Materials and methods. A survey of 89 GPs was conducted using a questionnaire to determine job satisfaction. Each question of the questionnaire was evaluated by the respondents on the Likert total ratings on a 5-point scale. Job satisfaction was assessed at 4 and 5 points, dissatisfaction at 1-3 points.
The logistic regression analysis was used to build a model for risk prediction of GPs’ job dissatisfaction. To assess the degree of each factor influence in the logistic regression model, the odds ratio (OR) and its 95 % CI (confidence interval) were calculated. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis was used to assess the quality of the logistic regression model. The analysis of the research results was carried out using the license package the statistical analysis package MedCalc v.19.4.1 (MedCalc Software Inc, Broekstraat, Belgium, 1993-2020).
The results show that 76.06 % of GPs are satisfied with their work. The vast majority are satisfied with the attitude of the management staff, fellow GPs, patients, opportunities of professional development and advanced training, work schedule, working conditions, and team spirit. At the same time, more than half of GPs (54.92 %) are dissatisfied with the comfort of business relations with other subspecialists, 36.61 % of doctors are dissatisfied with the salary, 40.84 % believe that the salary does not correspond to the efforts made, and 45.07 % think that additional financial compensation does not affect the quality of medical care provided. The method of stepwise inclusion/exclusion of variables was used to select a set of features for the multivariate logistic regression model. As a result of this method, 2 factors were selected: a sense of pride in work and working conditions. We established that the more a GP is proud of his chosen specialty and the better working conditions he has, the less dissatisfied he feels with his work. We determined the sensitivity of the model as 76.5 % (95 % CI: 50.1 % – 93.2 %), the specificity as 85.2 % (95 % CI: 72.9 % – 93.4 %), and the diagnostic accuracy as 83.1 % (CI: 72.3 % – 91 %).
Conclusions. In the personnel management system of health care institutions, it is necessary to consider many different factors of GPs’ satisfaction with their work, including salaries, relationships with colleagues, patients, the opportunities of professional development, the attitude of management staff, a sense of respect, and working conditions. Forecasting the risk of GPs’ dissatisfaction with their work must be carried out taking into account the presence of doctors’ subjective sense of pride in their work and working conditions.
DEGENERATIVE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DISEASE: DIFFICULTIES IN DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE PHENOMENON. BRIEF COMMUNICATION
Authors: Medvediev Volodymyr V. , Marushchenko Myroslava O. , Tsymbaliuk Vitaliy I.
Published: December 2023

The aim. The significant prevalence of intervertebral discs chronic pathology in the human population against the background of the lack of a clear and unified definition of the concept of «degenerative [intervertebral] disc disease» (DDD) creates difficulties in the study and formation of treatment protocols for this pathology. This study aims to clarify the epidemiological characteristics and terminological features of the pathology of the intervertebral discs covered by the term «DDD».
Materials and methods. A systematic search in pubmed and related scientific and professional databases for publications devoted to DDD’s terminological features and epidemiology was conducted. In the analysis, the papers in which DDD and semantically related concepts and clinical phenomena are included as the primary research objects.
Results. Based on the analysis, it is found that there is no unified defining the concept of DDD, which includes both initial degenerative changes in the disc, regardless of the manifestation of the pain syndrome, and conditions with a clear pathomorphological picture, such as intervertebral disc herniation, degenerative spinal stenosis, etc. DDD is pathophysiological and conventional; its list of pathomorphological and clinical correlates still needs to be completed. Clinical phenomena, considered the most certain correlates of DDD, can be caused by other pathological processes. Currently, the only but somewhat inaccurate indicator of the prevalence of back pain in the human population is the epidemiological characteristic of back pain, which, according to available calculations, can reach 800 million people at any given time, i.e., 10 % of the human population. Uncertainty regarding the semantics of the term DDD makes it challenging to unify research results and develop effective clinical protocols.
Conclusions. The meaning of the term DDD remains unclear and non-unified, and the epidemiological characteristics of the phenomenon of back pain can only be used with significant caution for a rough estimate of the prevalence of clinically significant forms of ddd. Unifying and clarifying terminology, prevalence, and identification of benchmark etiological factors of DDD will allow to improve treatment protocols for this pathology and improve its results.
Більшовицький наступ на різні релігійні конфесії на Поділлі на початку 1920-х рр.
Authors: Кузьмінець Наталія
Published: December 2023

The article studies the party and state politics regarding the Church and believers of different denominations in Ukraine including Podillia in the early 20-ies of XX century. The author shows the the political mechanisms of the religious policy, the nature of church and state relations and the mechanisms of their functioning during this period.
Technologies and materials for the renovation of erosion-worn parts of automobile equipment
Authors: Makarenko V.D. , Maksimov S. Yu. , Mieshkov Yu. Ye. , Selieverstov I.A.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of the development of a technological method and equipment for the renovation of erosion-worn parts of automotive equipment. In the parts of machines and mechanisms subjected to mechanochemical wear, thin-sheet steel, the specific weight of which in car structures is on average 80%, is especially destroyed, as well as the working organs of machines: threaded joints, welding seams, internal friction surfaces (hubs, bearings, rollers and etc.). The solution to this problem is simplified when surface surfacing is used and it is possible to obtain a relatively flat surface with good separation of the slag crust without sharp height differences in the overlapping area.For welding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layers, it is necessary to use wires with a diameter of up to 2 mm, which allow applying thin layers of steel alloyed mainly with Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo during arc welding. The welding of such steels to ensure high quality of the deposited layers from the point of view of achieving high corrosion resistance is quite difficult. This is due to the fact that during the operation of welded parts and even when they are kept for a long time before operation, stripes with low corrosion resistance appear on the welded surface (dark colors on the polished surface of the working layer). In the process of developing the technology of surfacing the surface of worn parts, powders of ultra-fine particles were developed, which were used to fill the core of powder-coated wires with diameters of 1,6 and 2,2 mm. The composition of the charge included exotic additives, in particular chromium, molybdenum and complex liquid and alkaline earth ligatures, in particular yttrium and cerium, which made it possible to significantly increase the wear resistance of the deposited layer.
Justification of the effect of the regularities of the flow of nanotribological processes in the materials of joint parts on the increase of wear resistance, reliability and efficiency of the functioning of machines and mechanisms
Authors: Aulin V.V. , Tykhyi A.A. , Kuzyk O.V. , Lysenko S.V. , Hrynkiv A.V. , Zhylova I.V. , Livitskyi O.M.
Published: December 2023

The article elucidates the essence of nanotribological processes in the materials of conjugation of samples of parts by the methods of the surface force apparatus, scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy. The substantiation of the mechanisms of their occurrence is given by the methods of molecular dynamics and classical contact mechanics. Attention is paid to dry adhesive and contactless dynamic friction of conjugated samples, physical processes in "sticking-sliding" tribocontacts, adhesive effects, etc. The values of the lateral and normal forces acting on the probe were analyzed. The probe was considered as a collection of point particles of concentrated mass with a multiatomic structure of the material. The contact and movement of the probe with the surface of the sample was considered in the "probe-surface" system with minimal potential energy and lateral load and taking into account conservative and dissipative forces.

The effect of "sticking-sliding" is substantiated with the help of the apparatus of surface forces. The atomic periodicity of the effect is explained on the basis of the model of the formation and breaking of adhesive bonds and the "atom-magnet" model. It is shown that the patterns of "sticking-sliding" processes can be determined by using the parameters of shear stress and specific work of adhesion.

It is advisable to use the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts theory to explain the elastic adhesive contacts, and the Deryagin-Mullier-Toporov theory for the residual friction force and probe separation force.

It is shown that there is a significant connection between friction and adhesion processes. The correlation between the macroscopic value of the surface energy of materials and their shear modulus for homogeneous contacts was determined.

On the basis of adhesive effects and the effect of "sticking-sliding", it is possible to control frictional forces and create favorable conditions for their absence, which gives grounds for obtaining high wear resistance of tribo-joints of parts, their reliability and maximum efficiency of the functioning of machines and mechanisms
LELANG PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA PEMERINTAH DENGAN SISTEM ELEKTRONIK SEBAGAI UPAYA MENCEGAH TERJADINYA PRAKTIK PERSAINGAN USAHA TIDAK SEHAT
Authors: Aizal Endi , Faniyah Iyah
Published: December 2023

Peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik melalui penyelenggaraaan pemerintahan yang baik dan bersih, perlu didukung dengan pengelolaan keuangan yang efektif, efisien, transparan, dan akuntabel. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas penggunaan keuangan negara yang dibelanjakan melalui proses Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah, diperlukan upaya untuk menciptakan keterbukaan, transparansi, akuntabilitas serta prinsip persaingan/kompetisi yang sehat dalam proses Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah yang dibiayai APBN/APBD, sehingga diperoleh barang/jasa yang terjangkau dan berkualitas serta dapat dipertanggungjawabkan baik dari segi fisik, keuangan, maupun manfaatnya bagi kelancaran tugas Pemerintah dan pelayanan masyarakat. Inovasi Pemerintah untuk mewujudkan itu semua direalisasikan dengan menerbitkan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 54 Tahun 2010 tentang Pengadaan barang/jasa Pemerintah Pengadaan Barang/Jasa, yang menekankan: indikator transparansi, indikator meningkatkan persaingan usaha yang sehat, indikator memperbaiki tingkat efisiensi proses pengadaan, indikator mendukung proses monitoring dan audit, dan indikator memenuhi kebutuhan akses informasi yang real time.
PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI PENGAWASAN INSPEKTORAT PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT DALAM MEWUJUDKAN APARATUR PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH YANG BERSIH DAN BEBAS KORUPSI
Authors: Laia Fianusman , Roza Darmini
Published: December 2023

Inspektorat Provinsi Sumatera Barat merupakan unsur perwakilan di pemerintahan daerah yang bertugas melaksanakan pengendalian internal dalam penyelenggraan Pemerintahan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat, dan Inspektorat Provinsi Sumatera Barat bertanggung jawab kepada gubernur yang secaraadministratif berada di bawah pembangunan sekretaris daerah
PROBLEMATIKA KEWENANGAN JAKSA MELAKSANAKAN PUTUSAN PENGADILAN YANG BELUM BERKEKUATAN HUKUM TETAP DALAM HUKUM ACARA PIDANA INDONESIA Studi Kasus Putusan Perkara Nomor .225/PID.B/ 2014 PN Pdg
Authors: Jefrinaldi Jefrinaldi , Rosmely Wirna
Published: December 2023

Berdasarkan pembahasan dan analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa: pertama, dasar hukum jaksa dalam melaksanakan keputusan yang diatur dalam pasal 1 huruf a dan pasal 270 KUHAP, serta pasal 1 paragraf 1 dan pasal 30 ayat 1 huruf b UU No. 16 tahun 2004 tentang Jaksa. Itu adalah jaksa penuntut baru yang melakukan keputusan pengadilan jika hal tersebut merupakan kekuatan hukum tetap. Kedua, alasan jaksa melakukan eksekusi terhadap keputusan pengadilan yang belum berkekuatan hukum tetap di wilayah hukum pengadilan klas IA Padang dalam Perkara No. 225 / Pid.B / 2014 / Pn.Pdg karena adanya undang-undang Hakim pengadilan negeri. Ketiga: Beberapa upaya yang dilakukan oleh terdakwa dalam terhadap keputusan pengadilan yang belum berkekuatan hukum tetap denganmenanyakan kepada Mahkamah Agung karena Mahkamah Agung adalah pengadilan tertinggi dari dari empat lingkungan peradilan.
The toxic effect of α-tomatine on the 28-spotted potato ladybeetle Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Authors: Ermak М. V. , Matsishina N. V. , Sobko О. А. , Fisenko P. V.
Published: December 2023

Glycoalcoloids of plant origin serve as teratogens, causing various teratoses and abnormalities of insect development. Our previous studies discovered dependence of developmental defects in the 28-spotted potato ladybeetle Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata upon its feeding on certain potato varieties. The present study was undertaken to study the toxic effect of α-tomatine against the 28-spotted potato ladybeetle. Tomatine was chosen as a model glycoalkaloid. Potato leaves were treated with tomatine solutions in different concentrations. Control leaves were treated with distilled water. Ten first-instar larvae were placed in a Petri dish with treated leaves. The effect of tomatine on H. vigintioctomaculata was assessed by appearance of morphological abnormalities in the adults. As a result, a confident direct correlation between the tomatine concentration and the developmental defect frequency was found. Brachelytry and cystelytry were the main anomaly types. When the stock 6 % solution was used, insect mortality was the highest, reaching 70 %. The highest level of teratoses (60 %) among survived insects and relatively high mortality (27 %) were observed in insects treated with 0.6 % solutions of tomatine. As the tomatine concentration decreased, so did the mortality level and developmental defect frequency. At 0.06 % solution treatement, mortality was 17 % and quote of teratoses – 47 %, at 0.006 % – 16.6 % and 6.8 %; at 0.0006 % – 3.3 % and 3.4 %, respectively. Thus, tomatine can be used as an insecticidal compound for potato cultivation.
Micromycetes associated with barley and their significance as pathogens in Russia
Authors: Gannibal F. B. , Poluektova E. V. , Lukyanets Y. V. , Gagkaeva T. Y. , Gomzhina M. M.
Published: December 2023

Despite the great attention paid to the study of barley diseases, inaccuracies in the names of diseases, their practical significance, and incorrect use of the scientific names of causal agents can be commonly found in the scientific literature. This may lead to confusion and misidentification of the pathogens that can affect this crop especially as relates to phytosanitary requirements. This review continues the series started with a publication devoted to wheat diseases. This review includes information about the main barley diseases and pathogenic organisms causing them, as well as the species emerging as a potential threat to barley. The current taxonomic status of fungal species and fungal-like organisms associated with various organs of barley is given, and the breadth of their distribution and degree of impact on the crop are summarized. The micromycetes were divided into two groups according to their phytosanitary importance. The first group is represented by fungi of great importance as the pathogens causing the 29 economically important common barley diseases. The second group consists of fungi causing 20 minor and poorly studied diseases with unconfirmed harmfulness, or potential endophytic fungi. Perceptions of their ability to cause disease remain controversial and the available data require confirmation. This dataset can be used as a reference for a more accurate description of the phytosanitary situation. The review will also be helpful for more targeted studies using molecular techniques to clarify taxonomy and areals of fungi associated with barley and to provide more detailed data on disease damage in this crop.