bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digitally Supported Lifestyle Intervention to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Through Healthy Habits: Secondary Analysis of Long-Term User Engagement Trajectories in a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lavikainen Piia , Mattila Elina , Absetz Pilvikki , Harjumaa Marja , Lindström Jaana , Järvelä-Reijonen Elina , Aittola Kirsikka , Männikkö Reija , Tilles-Tirkkonen Tanja , Lintu Niina , Lakka Timo , van Gils Mark , Pihlajamäki Jussi , Martikainen Janne
Published: February 2022

Background

Digital health interventions may offer a scalable way to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) with minimal burden on health care systems by providing early support for healthy behaviors among adults at increased risk for T2D. However, ensuring continued engagement with digital solutions is a challenge impacting the expected effectiveness.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the longitudinal usage patterns of a digital healthy habit formation intervention, BitHabit, and the associations with changes in T2D risk factors.

Methods

This is a secondary analysis of the StopDia (Stop Diabetes) study, an unblinded parallel 1-year randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of the BitHabit app alone or together with face-to-face group coaching in comparison with routine care in Finland in 2017-2019 among community-dwelling adults (aged 18 to 74 years) at an increased risk of T2D. We used longitudinal data on usage from 1926 participants randomized to the digital intervention arms. Latent class growth models were applied to identify user engagement trajectories with the app during the study. Predictors for trajectory membership were examined with multinomial logistic regression models. Analysis of covariance was used to investigate the association between trajectories and 12-month changes in T2D risk factors.

Results

More than half (1022/1926, 53.1%) of the participants continued to use the app throughout the 12-month intervention. The following 4 user engagement trajectories were identified: terminated usage (904/1926, 46.9%), weekly usage (731/1926, 38.0%), twice weekly usage (208/1926, 10.8%), and daily usage (83/1926, 4.3%). Active app use during the first month, higher net promoter score after the first 1 to 2 months of use, older age, and better quality of diet at baseline increased the odds of belonging to the continued usage trajectories. Compared with other trajectories, daily usage was associated with a higher increase in diet quality and a more pronounced decrease in BMI and waist circumference at 12 months.

Conclusions

Distinct long-term usage trajectories of the BitHabit app were identified, and individual predictors for belonging to different trajectory groups were found. These findings highlight the need for being able to identify individuals likely to disengage from interventions early on, and could be used to inform the development of future adaptive interventions.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03156478; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03156478

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-6574-y
Digitally Supported Lifestyle Intervention to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Through Healthy Habits: Secondary Analysis of Long-Term User Engagement Trajectories in a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Lavikainen Piia , Mattila Elina , Absetz Pilvikki , Harjumaa Marja , Lindström Jaana , Järvelä-Reijonen Elina , Aittola Kirsikka , Männikkö Reija , Tilles-Tirkkonen Tanja , Lintu Niina , Lakka Timo , van Gils Mark , Pihlajamäki Jussi , Martikainen Janne
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital health interventions may offer a scalable way to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) with minimal burden on health care systems by providing early support for healthy behaviors among adults at increased risk for T2D. However, ensuring continued engagement with digital solutions is a challenge impacting the expected effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate the longitudinal usage patterns of a digital healthy habit formation intervention, BitHabit, and the associations with changes in T2D risk factors.

METHODS

This is a secondary analysis of the StopDia (Stop Diabetes) study, an unblinded parallel 1-year randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of the BitHabit app alone or together with face-to-face group coaching in comparison with routine care in Finland in 2017-2019 among community-dwelling adults (aged 18 to 74 years) at an increased risk of T2D. We used longitudinal data on usage from 1926 participants randomized to the digital intervention arms. Latent class growth models were applied to identify user engagement trajectories with the app during the study. Predictors for trajectory membership were examined with multinomial logistic regression models. Analysis of covariance was used to investigate the association between trajectories and 12-month changes in T2D risk factors.

RESULTS

More than half (1022/1926, 53.1%) of the participants continued to use the app throughout the 12-month intervention. The following 4 user engagement trajectories were identified: terminated usage (904/1926, 46.9%), weekly usage (731/1926, 38.0%), twice weekly usage (208/1926, 10.8%), and daily usage (83/1926, 4.3%). Active app use during the first month, higher net promoter score after the first 1 to 2 months of use, older age, and better quality of diet at baseline increased the odds of belonging to the continued usage trajectories. Compared with other trajectories, daily usage was associated with a higher increase in diet quality and a more pronounced decrease in BMI and waist circumference at 12 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Distinct long-term usage trajectories of the BitHabit app were identified, and individual predictors for belonging to different trajectory groups were found. These findings highlight the need for being able to identify individuals likely to disengage from interventions early on, and could be used to inform the development of future adaptive interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03156478; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03156478

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-6574-y
Mining the Gems of a Web-Based Mindfulness Intervention: Qualitative Analysis of Factors Aiding Completion and Implementation (Preprint)
Authors: Yadav Muskan , Neate Sandra , Hassed Craig , Chambers Richard , Connaughton Sherelle , Nag Nupur
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital health interventions provide a cost effective and accessible means for positive behaviour change. However, high participant attrition is common and facilitators for implementation of behaviours are not well understood.

OBJECTIVE

To identify elements of a digital mindfulness course that aided in course completion and implementation of teachings.

METHODS

Inductive thematic analysis was used to assess participants’ comments regarding positive aspects of the online mindfulness course Mindfulness for Wellbeing and Peak Performance. Participants were ≥18 years who had self-selected to register and had voluntarily completed at least 90% the course. The course comprised educator guided lessons and discussion forums for participant reflection and feedback. Free-text comments were analysed to identify common themes pertaining to elements of the course that aided in course completion and implementation of teachings.

RESULTS

Of 3355 course completers, 283 participants provided comments related to the research question. Common themes were (1) benefits from the virtual community, (2) appeal of content, (3) enablers to participation and implementation, and (4) benefits noted in oneself. Of subthemes identified, some such as community support, variety of easily implementable content, and free content access, align with that reported previously in the literature, while other subthemes including growing together, repeating the course, evidence-based teaching, and immediate benefits on physical and mental wellbeing, were novel findings.

CONCLUSIONS

Themes identified as key elements for aiding participant completion of a mindfulness digital health intervention, as well as implementation of teachings, may inform the effective design of future digital health interventions to drive positive health behaviours in diverse communities. Future research should focus on understanding motivations for participation, and identification of effective methods for participant retention as well as behaviour change techniques to motivate long-term adherence to healthy behaviours.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Efficacy of Personalized Diabetes Self-Care Using an Electronic Medical Record-Integrated Mobile Application in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Six-Month Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Eun Young , Cha Seon-Ah , Yun Jae-Seung , Lim Sun-Young , Lee Jin-Hee , Ahn Yu-Bae , Yoon Kun-Ho , Hyun Min Kyung , Ko Seung-Hyun
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

A system that combines technology and online coaching can help treat chronic conditions like diabetes. However, the effectiveness of apps in mHealth interventions is inconclusive and unclear due to heterogeneous interventions and varying durations of follow-up. Additionally, randomized controlled trial data is limited, and long-term follow-up is lacking, especially for apps integrated into electronic medical records.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to assess the effect of an electronic medical record-integrated mobile application for personalized diabetes self-care, focusing on self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and lifestyle modification, on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

METHODS

In the 26-week, 3-arm randomized, controlled, open-label, and parallel group trial, T2DM patients with an A1C level ≥7.5% were recruited. The mHealth intervention consisted of SMBG with automatic transfer of glucose, diet and physical activity (PA) counseling data (iCareD system). Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: 1) usual care (UC), 2) mobile diabetes self-care (MC), and 3) mobile diabetes self-care with personalized, bidirectional feedback from physicians (MPC). The primary outcome was the change in A1C levels at 26 weeks. Additionally, diabetes-related self-efficacy, self-care activities, and satisfaction with the iCareD system were measured after intervention.

RESULTS

A total of 269 participants were enrolled, and 234 patients (85.1%) remained in the study at 26 weeks. At 12 weeks after the intervention, the mean A1C decline was significantly different among the three groups (UC vs. MC vs. MPC, -0.49% vs. -0.86% vs. -1.04%, P=.016). The A1C level decreased in all groups; however, it did not differ among groups after 26 weeks. In a subgroup analysis, A1C level showed a statistically significant decrease after the intervention in the MPC group compared to the change in the UC or MC group, especially in the patients with age <65 years (P=.019), diabetes duration 10 years (P=.024), BMI 25.0 kg/m2 (P=.004), C-peptide 0.6 ng/mL (P=.008), and no treatment with insulin (P=.004) at 12 weeks. The target achievement rates of PA and daily calorie consumption at 26 weeks were higher in the MPC group than in the other two groups (all P<.05). A total of 87.2% of participants were satisfied with the iCareD program.

CONCLUSIONS

The mHealth intervention for diabetes self-care showed short-term efficacy on glycemic control, and the effect decreased over time. Participants were comfortable with the use of the iCareD system and exhibited high adherence.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), Republic of Korea (No. KCT0004128). Date of registration July 05, 2019
Examining Diversity in Digital Therapeutics Clinical Trials: Descriptive Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Adu-Brimpong Joel , Pugh Jennifer , Darko David Agyen , Shieh Lisa
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital therapeutics (DTx) are an emerging class of software-based medical therapies helping to improve care access and delivery. As we leverage these digital health therapies broadly in clinical care, it is important to consider sociodemographic representation underlying clinical trials data to ensure broad application to all groups.

OBJECTIVE

We review current sociodemographic representation in DTx clinical trials using data from the Digital Therapeutics Alliance Product Library database.

METHODS

We conducted a descriptive analysis of DTx products. We analyzed 15 manuscripts associated with 13 DTx products. Sociodemographic information was retrieved and compared with the US population’s demographic distribution.

RESULTS

The median study size and age of participants were 252 and 43.3 years, respectively. Of the 15 studies applicable to this study, 10 (67%) reported that females made up 65% or greater of the study cohort. A total of 14 studies reported race data with Black or African American and Asian American individuals underrepresented in 9 and 11 studies, respectively. In 7 studies that reported ethnicity, Hispanics were underrepresented in all 7 studies. Furthermore, 8 studies reported education levels, with 5 studies reporting populations in which 70% or greater had at least some college education. Only 3 studies reported health insurance information, each reporting a study cohort in which 100% of members were privately insured.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicate opportunities for improved sociodemographic representation in DTx clinical trials, especially for underserved populations typically underrepresented in clinical trials. This review is a step in examining sociodemographic representation in DTx clinical trials to help inform the path forward for DTx development and testing.
Towards an understanding of the impact of COVID-19 on discussion of telehealth on social media: Social listening analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Shoults Catherine C , Dawson Leah C , Hayes Corey , Eswaran Hari
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Social media is used as a source of information and platform to discuss healthcare, however there is little research on discussion of telehealth in social media. The impact of COVID-19 on telehealth-related social media discourse may provide insights into how telehealth is characterized online.

OBJECTIVE

This study used natural language processing tools and two social media platforms (i.e., Twitter and Reddit) to (1) assess the frequency of telehealth- and telemedicine-related posts prior to and during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) characterize each platform’s telehealth-related posts according to themes.

METHODS

We collected social media posts from Twitter and Reddit that included “telehealth” or “telemedicine”. The themes of the corpus were extracted using hashtags and Latent Dirichlet Allocation and were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

Both Twitter and Reddit showed exponential growth in the use of the terms “telehealth” and “telemedicine” in early 2020. The word “telehealth” is used more commonly in both Twitter and Reddit. The use of #telehealth and #covid in Twitter coincided however the #covid usage decreased more rapidly than #telehealth. Reddit Latent Dirichlet Allocation clusters showed greatest usage of “telehealth” when associated with using or suggesting telehealth for receiving therapy, counseling, or psychoanalysis.

CONCLUSIONS

Twitter and Reddit had extensive growth in the use of telehealth-related terms after the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth-related terms are used at a higher rate than telemedicine. Reddit showed themes connecting COVID-19 to telehealth especially in reference to therapy and counseling.
TiO2 como nanoacarreadores de antibióticos (quinolonas): ensayo de acoplamiento molecular
Authors: García-Tejada Esthela-Paola , Aguilera-Granja Faustino , Albino-Flores Ángel , Bazán-Jiménez Adán , Diaz-Cervantes Erik
Published: February 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar un estudio QSAR considerando quinolonas comerciales para el desarrollo de nuevas estructuras químicas con posible acción antibiótica. Además, se complementó con un ensayo de acoplamiento molecular para conocer la interacción molecular entre las moléculas estudiadas y la ADN girasa-topoisomerasa IV (ADNg-TIV) de Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Subsecuentemente, se realizó el acoplamiento molecular in silico de un modelo de TiO2 como vehículo de quinolonas. Todo esto fue desarrollado a partir de la teoría de funcionales de la densidad (DFT, por sus siglas en inglés), con el funcional M06L y un conjunto de base 6-31G(d,p); el docking molecular se realizó considerando la función de scoring MolDock Score. A partir de los resultados obtenidos en el estudio QSAR, se logró diseñar una familia de moléculas con valores de concentración inhibitoria mínima (MIC, por sus siglas en inglés) hasta mil veces menores que los fármacos comerciales; principalmente adicionando sustituyentes azoles e isatinas a los núcleos base. Los acoplamientos moleculares de nuestras moléculas diseñadas imitaron el mecanismo de acoplamiento con el blanco biológico como se ha reportado en la literatura. Estos resultados fueron aún más alentadores, mostrando energías más bajas y estables cuando las quinolonas interactúan con un nanoacarreador de TiO2. Finalmente, podemos concluir que obtuvimos cuatro moléculas con alto potencial debido a su MIC calculado, las cuales potencializan su acoplamiento molecular al utilizar un nanoacarreador de TiO2, siendo una propuesta sólida para futura síntesis y pruebas in vitro.
Las encuadernaciones mudéjares de los Morales de san Gregorio de la Biblioteca Nacional de España
Authors: Carpallo Bautista Antonio , Gonzalo Sánchez-Molero José Luis
Published: February 2022

Las bibliotecas españolas, europeas y latinoamericanas contienen en su fondo antiguo numerosas encuadernaciones de influencia árabe no estudiadas; entre estas instituciones tenemos las bibliotecas nacionales de España, México y Colombia. En este trabajo se realiza un estudio sobre las encuadernaciones mudéjares de los Morales sobre el libro de Job de san Gregorio, procedentes de la Biblioteca de la Casa de Alba. Se lleva a cabo un análisis de la estructura decorativa, así como de los elementos, utensilios y técnicas ornamentales. El análisis de los datos nos indica que fueron realizadas en el mismo taller y en la misma época, y fueron adquiridas por la Biblioteca Nacional de España a finales de 2017.
Cultura de la información en el contexto educativo universitario: aportes teóricos
Authors: Caudillo Dora , Encinas-Grijalva Socorro , Martínez-Rocha Rubén F. , Lau Jesús
Published: February 2022

La cultura de la información (CI) surge de crear flujos de información para optimizar procesos comunicativos dentro de una organización, paralelo al desarrollo de tecnologías de información y comunicación y a una serie de contribuciones de distintas disciplinas que dieron origen a este fenómeno. El proceso de analizar y comprender su complejidad remite a su estudio desde diversas perspectivas, dada la multidisciplinariedad que la caracteriza. El objetivo de esta investigación es contribuir con aportes teóricos al campo de estudio de la CI en el ámbito educativo, específicamente desde el nivel superior y desde el enfoque del acceso y uso de información. El análisis conceptual se realizó con metodología de corte cualitativo, la cual permitió identificar elementos semánticos generados desde el contexto organizacional y cómo éstos se insertaron en el entorno educativo. Se utilizó el método de comparación constante (MCC) a partir de la integración teórica del campo intelectual creador (CIC). Los resultados confirman una relación de elementos que transitaron del campo organizacional a los procesos de aprendizaje de educación superior, donde a dichas instituciones les corresponde implementar estrategias para el desarrollo de habilidades en el acceso y uso de información como componentes vitales de CI.
Demographic dividend in Saudi Arabia: From age structural changes to economic gains
Authors:   Center for Population Studies King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Al-Khraif Rshood M. , Salam Asharaf Abdul ,   Center for Population Studies King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Rashid Mohd Fadzil Abdul ,   Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Malaysia
Published: February 2022

Aim/purpose – The demographic dividend, defined as the proportion of working age to the rest of the population, is an opportunity seen mainly in developing countries, result- ing from demographic transition. Efforts to maximize gains from it are crucial, especial- ly for the Arabian Gulf states, where labor force demands are met at the danger of native youth unemployment that leads to issues of human resources utilization. This research on Saudi Arabian demographic dividend aims at tracking changes in the age structure, labor force participation, and prospects leading to economic gains. Design/methodology/approach – Data from various sources such as censuses (1974, 1992, 2004, and 2010), national labor force surveys 1999-2017 and United Nations (UN) Population Prospects are compiled and statistically analyzed with a historical approach for calculations of age distribution, median age, and labor force participation adopting standard procedures. Findings – An age structural transition occurred: percentage of population 15-64 years increased from 47.2% to 67.3%, increasing the dividend from 89.6% to 205.5%. This influenced the labor force’s sectoral distribution, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per working age population. Research implications/limitations – The dividend’s first phase, since 2000, is expected to last until 2050, followed by the second dividend which may last longer. Along with the dividend, there shall be policies executed to reap the benefits, including scientifically planned recruitment of potential candidates in various professions, both in public and private sectors. Originality/value/contribution – This research concerns a population, which is unex- plored in detail, especially at a macro level. Thus, such an in-depth analysis seeks im- portance in revealing special demographic dimensions to a wider international audience. There are no such studies conducted in Saudi Arabia, with a national perspective helpful for revamping efforts to boost labor force reforms and to make maximum gain during the short-lived demographic dividend period. Keywords: demographic transition, accounting effect, age-sex structure, labor force, median age. JEL Classification: B55, J10.
RESISTÊNCIA AO AGRONEGÓCIO: A AGROECOLOGIA E A ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA DA REDE SABORES E SAÚDE EM BOM JESUS DO ITABAPOANA-RJ
Authors: Brasil Fonseca Vieira Rebeca , Vieira Dias Guilherme
Published: February 2022

A modernização da agricultura brasileira trouxe avanços significativos para a produtividade agrícola e a economia do país, através da introdução de novas técnicas. No entanto, também resultou em impactos negativos ao meio ambiente e à saúde humana. Como resposta a estas questões, emergiram iniciativas baseadas na agroecologia e economia solidária a partir de princípios solidários e em resistência às estratégias do agronegócio. Neste contexto insere-se o projeto Rede Sabores e Saúde. A partir disso, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a resistência desta rede à lógica do capital, considerando os princípios da agroecologia e economia solidária. Para isto, foi utilizada a metodologia de observação participante e a aplicação de questionário aos integrantes da Rede Sabores e Saúde. A partir da observação e respostas destes sujeitos, verificou-se a importância das dimensões ecológica, social e política na produção deste desenvolvimento territorial rural. Além disso, para estes agricultores, a solidariedade apresenta-se como um mecanismo de fortalecimento e resistência ao modelo de desenvolvimento hegemônico, o que por sua vez exibe uma racionalidade econômica oposta da agricultura capitalista. Entretanto, apesar de estar baseada em princípios solidários e de resistência ao grande capital, esta iniciativa está inserida em um contexto dominado por relações capitalistas que influenciam sua dinâmica, manifestando o movimento contraditório na produção desta resistência.
CULTURA, PATRIMÔNIO E TERRITÓRIOS DO VINHO
Authors: Medeiros Rosa Maria Vieira
Published: February 2022

A vitivinicultura no Brasil já é uma realidade dada sua expansão e seu reconhecimento na produção de vinhos finos. A Indicação Geográfica (Indicação de Procedência, Denominação de Origem) obtidas em diversos territórios vitivinícolas brasileiros consolidou a importância dessa produção. No que tange a vitivinicultura, foi um processo construído pelo sentimento identitário dos imigrantes que chegaram ao Brasil, mais precisamente no Rio Grande do Sul, no século XIX. A expansão das áreas de produção em todo o território nacional vem ocorrendo com produção de qualidade e com competitividade em relação à produção vinícola internacional.  Nesse sentido, busca-se entender a expressão da vitivinicultura como forma de preservar a memória, a cultura e o patrimônio do vinho no Brasil.
Oxacillin plus ertapenem rapidly clears persistent left ventricular assist device-related methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
Authors: Wilsey H Andrew , Pisani Barbara , J Thomas O’Neill
Published: February 2022

There is an increasing use of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) as
bridge to transplantation or permanent destination therapy in the heart
failure patient population. Infection remains a common complication in
LVADs, with Gram-positive skin flora as predominant pathogens
implicated, including Staphylococcus aureus. While there is
emerging evidence for synergistic antibiotic combinations with
methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, there remains a
significant gap in the literature for persistent methicillin susceptible
Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia. In this article, we
describe the first successful treatment of persistent LVAD-related
bacteremia with salvage oxacillin plus ertapenem. The salvage therapy
described here must be balanced by the risks for toxicity, impact on
resistance, microbiota disruption, drug shortages, and patient costs.
This combination warrants further evaluation in the clinical setting to
better establish its role in our expanding patient population.
Global patterns of diversity and phylogenetic community structure in free-living Nematodes: a metabarcoding meta-analysis
Authors: Macheriotou Lara , Derycke Sofie , Vanreusel Ann
Published: February 2022

Identifying and understanding patterns of biological diversity is
crucial at a time when even the most remote and pristine marine
ecosystems are threatened by resource exploitation such as deep-seabed
mining. Metabarcoding provides the means through which to perform
comprehensive investigations of diversity by examining entire
assemblages simultaneously. Nematodes commonly represent the most
abundant infaunal metazoan group in marine soft sediments. In this
meta-analysis, we compiled all publicly available metabarcoding datasets
targeting the 18S rRNA v1-v2 region from sediment samples to conduct a
global-scale examination of nematode Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV)
alpha diversity patterns, evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) and
phylogenetic community structure at different depths and environments.
We found that nematode ASV richness followed a parabolic trend,
increasing from the intertidal to the shelf, reaching a maximum in the
bathyal and decreasing in the abyssal zone. No depth- or
environment-specific assemblages were identified as a large fraction of
genera were shared. Contrastingly, the vast majority of ASVs were unique
to each environment and/or depth zone; genetic diversity was thus highly
localised. The intertidal and abyssal samples had the highest ED values,
indicating that both a dynamic, fluctuating ecosystem, as well as a
relatively stable yet very old one, can produce highly diversified
assemblages. Overwhelmingly, nematode ASVs in all environments exhibited
phylogenetic clustering, pointing to environmental filtering as the
primary force defining community assembly rather than competitive
interactions. This finding stresses the importance of habitat
preservation for the maintenance of marine nematode diversity.
Social Order: A Neglected Aspect of Brian Street’s Work on Literacy
Authors: Hasrati Mostafa
Published: February 2022

This manuscript is a personal note to commemorate Brian Street and his legacy in education and most specifically in literacy. I acted as a respondent in the 4th Brian Street’s Memorial Event, entitled Decolonising Literacy, organised jointly by the British Association for Literacy in Development and UNESCO Chair in Adult Literacy and Learning for Social Transformation on November 18th, 2020. Before I give an account of the three papers presented in this event and explain why Brian’s work is still relevant, I would like to introduce Brian Street as I knew him.
Feasibility study of palm oil boiler ash (POBA) as a partial replacement of sand in foamed concrete
Authors: Mohamed Yusof Mohamed Khatif Tawaf , Sharipudin Siti Shahidah , Mohammad Shahrul Nizam , Roslan Azmi , Michael Zeno , Shahrul Azhar Ilya Izyan , Zainal Abidin Nurrul Amilin
Published: February 2022

A study was conducted to explore the effect of palm oil boiler ash (POBA) on foamed concrete by varying the percentage of POBA over sand quantities (0, 4, 8 and 12%). This paper primarily discusses the water absorption test, uniaxial compressive strength, and dry density findings. It indicates that substituting sand with POBA greatly enhances the strength of foamed concrete. When the quantity of POBA was raised up to 12% throughout all curing times, the compressive strength steadily increased in the range of 4.34–13.50 N·mm–2. Furthermore, the dry density of foamed concrete was shown to be directly related to the fraction of POBA in the mixture. The dry density of foamed concrete increases as the amount of POBA increases. Despite this, water absorption shown that increasing POBA increases water absorption percentage in foamed concrete from 7.4 to 10.4%. This is due to the fact that a composition with a high POBA percentage will generate more pores than a mixture with a low POBA percentage.
Screening for Type 1 Diabetes in the General Population: A Status Report and Perspective
Authors: Sims Emily K , Besser Rachel EJ , Dayan Colin , Rasmussen Cristy Geno , Greenbaum Carla , Griffin Kurt J , Hagopian William , Knip Mikael , Long Anna E. , Martin Frank , Mathieu Chantal , Rewers Marian , Steck Andrea K. , Wentworth John M , Rich Stephen S. , Kordonouri Olga , Ziegler Anette-Gabriele , Herold Kevan C.
Published: February 2022

Most screening programs to
identify individuals at risk for type 1 diabetes have targeted relatives of
people living with the disease to improve yield and feasibility. However, ~90%
of those who develop type 1 diabetes do not have a family history. Recent
successes in disease modifying therapies to impact the course of early-stage disease
have ignited the consideration of the need for and feasibility of population
screening to identify those at increased risk. Existing population screening
programs rely on genetic or autoantibody
(AA) screening, and these have yielded significant information about disease
progression and approaches for timing for screening in clinical practice. At
the March 2021 Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Steering Committee meeting, a session
was held in which ongoing efforts for screening in the general population were
discussed. This report reviews the background of these efforts and the details of
those programs. Additionally, we present hurdles that need to be addressed for
successful implementation of population screening and provide initial
recommendations for individuals with positive screens so that standardized
guidelines for monitoring and follow-up can be established.
Sleep Disturbance, Changes in Energy Intake and Body Compositing During Weight Loss in the POUNDS LOST Trial
Authors: Li Ang , Li Xiang , Zhou Tao , Ma Hao , Heianza Yoriko , Williamson Donald A , Smith Steven R. , Bray George A , Sacks Frank M , Qi Lu
Published: February 2022

To
examine associations between sleep disturbance and changes in weight and body
composition, and the mediating role of changes of appetite and food cravings in
the POUNDS Lost 2-year weight-loss diet intervention trial, this study included
810 overweight or obese individuals with baseline sleep disturbance assessment,
who were randomly assigned one of four diets varying in macronutrient composition.
Changes in body weight and fat distribution were assessed by dual x-ray
absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT) during the 2-year intervention.
Participants were asked to provide sleep disturbance levels (no, slight,
moderate, or great) at baseline and to recall their sleep disturbances since
last visit at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Weight loss during the first 6 months was
followed by 1.5 years of steady weight regain. Participants with greater sleep
disturbance from baseline to 6 months showed significant losses of body weight (P
trend < 0.001) and waist circumference (P trend = 0.002) at 6 months,
after multivariate adjustment.
Compared with individuals without sleep disturbance at all from baseline to 6
months, those with slight, moderate, or great sleep disturbance showed an
elevated risk of failure to lose weight (–5% or more loss) at 6 months, when the maximum
weight loss was achieved, with OR of 1.24 (95% CI 0.87, 1.78), 1.27 (95% CI
0.75, 2.13) or 3.12 (95% CI 1.61, 6.03), respectively. In addition, we observed
that the repeatedly measured levels of sleep disturbance over 2 years were
inversely associated with the overall weight loss rate (weight changes per 6
months) (P trend < 0.001). Further, sleep disturbances during weight loss
from baseline to 6 months and weight regain from 6 months to 24 months were
significantly predictive of total fat, total fat mass percent and trunk fat
percent changes during the 2 years. Our results also indicated that food
cravings for carbohydrates/starches, fast food fats, sweets; cravings,
prospective consumption, hunger of appetite measurements; dietary restraint, disinhibition
and hunger subscales measured at 6 months significantly mediated the effects of
sleep disturbance on weight loss. Our results indicate that more severe sleep
disturbance during weight loss is associated with an elevated risk of failure
to lose weight during the dietary intervention. Food cravings and eating
behaviors may partly mediate these associations.
Re-Enacting Beat Art: An Aesthetic and Pedagogical Approach to Re-Living History
Authors: Forsgren Frida
Published: February 2022

The chapter presents the pedagogical strategies in a 10-credit course dedicated to the teaching of American Beat culture at the Faculty of Humanities and Pedagogy at the University of Agder. The course combines artistic work with an academic curriculum. It does not pretend to be an art course, but it uses an artistic way of thinking and working to enrich and expand the academic and the historical. It does history through art and is inspired by the hands-on learning-by-doing pedagogy of John Dewey. The text proposes that this method may be applicable to early modern studies as a pedagogical method for presenting, enacting, re-enacting, living, re-living and fantasising a historical past.
WHO ARE ROMA IN THE CITY? ABOUT LANGUAGE, IDENTITY, EXCLUSIONS, AND AXIOLOGICAL STEREOTYPES
Authors: Панчухин Иоанна
Published: February 2022

За несколько веков вокруг цыган сформировались мощные стереотипы и культурные клише, которые укоренились не только в разговорной речи или народной культуре, но и в дискурсе политиков, служащих, местных и общенациональных административных работников, а также в некоторых опубликованных исследованиях. По этой причине крайне важно тщательно исследовать многочисленные мифы об однородности данной группы, её кочевом характере и нежелании интегрироваться в местные сообщества, а также стремление приписать её членам некоторые якобы внутренне присущие черты, которые обычно воспринимаются как отрицательные (например, лень, лукавство, склонность к преступлениям и / или к попрошайничеству). Эти стереотипные представления обсуждаются в моей статье, где я основываюсь на критических исследованиях цыган, чтобы предложить альтернативную основу для подхода к предполагаемому историческому генезису цыган. В то же время я описываю особую культурную ситуацию этой группы, которая связана со спецификой цыганского языка и традиционным неписаным моральным кодексом, называемым Романипэ. Я также предлагаю краткий отчёт об отмеченной преследованиями истории различных групп цыган. При этом я опираюсь на понятие ромафобии. Я рассматриваю язык, в данном случае цыганский язык, как явление, способствующее обособлению культурной группы, которая использует его ежедневно. Это лингвокультурная и политическая история отчуждения, подчинения и маргинализации.

Over several centuries, powerfully impactful stereotypes and cultural cliches have clustered around Roma and become anchored not only in colloquial language or popular culture, but also in the discourse of politicians, officers, and local and nationwide administration workers, as well as surfacing in some research publications. For this reason, it is crucial to scrutinize multiple myths about the homogeneity of this group, its nomadic character, and its reluctance to integrate, along with the ascription to its members of some allegedly intrinsic traits which are commonly perceived as negative (e.g., laziness, deceitfulness, propensity for crime, and/or inclination to beggary). These stereotyped perceptions are discussed in my article, where I build on critical Romani studies to propose an alternative framework in which to approach the historical genesis ascribed to Roma. At the same time, I depict the distinctive cultural situation of this group, which is bound up with the specificity of the Romani language and the traditional unwritten moral code, called Romanipen. I also offer a brief account of the persecution-marked history of various Roma groups. In doing this, I draw on the notion of Romaphobia. In this article, I look at language, in this case the Romani language, as a phenomenon that contributes to the exclusion of a cultural group that uses it on a daily basis. It is a linguistic-cultural and political history of alienation, subordination and marginalization.
Tinjauan Yuridis Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum (PMH) Penyalahgunaan Data Pribadi Aplikasi di Google Play Store
Authors: Briliany Anisa Isti , Mahanani Anajeng Esri Edhi
Published: February 2022

The industrial revolution 4.0 in Indonesia can be seen by the massive use of the internet in people's daily activities through electronic systems in the form of websites and applications for searching information, socializing and commercial activities. Access of applications become easier by installing on personal gadgets such as smartphones that are supported by one of  the best known operating systems, which is Android with Google Play Store as digital application service provider. However, behind all the conveniences some applications demand a lot of user personal data such as detailed user financial information to continue transactions. It has the risk of violating the law that injures the rights of others due to violating laws and regulations, or violating the interests of others as specified in Article 1365 of the Civil Code. Through this research, it can be identified that there are forms of unlawful acts that occur for the misuse of personal data, namely vulnerabilities in data security, lack of transparency over the fate of data through notifications, and administrative defects in providing applications. The three types of unlawful acts are reviewed based on the applicable regulations including Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning System Operations and Electronic Transactions, and Google Play Store regulations in the form of program developer policies and developer distribution agreements, in hope that a dispute resolution can finally be found either through litigation or non-litigation.

Keywords : unlawful act, transparency, personal data
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online di Indonesia
Authors: Stella Hita Arawinda
Published: February 2022

Rapid development of science and technology has become an indicator of disruption era in which innovation and fundamental changes happens. Amidst COVID-19 pandemic enforced the government to limit social mobility and shift all offline activities to online since early 2020 and bring impact in escalating people's access to cyberspace. One of the logical implication is increasing cases of online gender-based violence towards Indonesian women. Referring to definition by the Broadband Commission for Digital Development, online gender-based violence is a technology-facilitated act of gender-based discriminative violence towards certain person and causing traumatic effects. The Annual Record of Violence Against Women issued by Indonesia’s National Commission on Violence Against Women in 2021 stated that the online gender-based violence rise significantly to 699 cases or up to 300% in the past 2 years (2019 until 2020). Based upon this urgency hence formulated a research comprise of: (1) The dynamics of violence against Indonesian women during the COVID-19; (2) Analysis and evaluation of RUU PKS and UU ITE as the legal basis to protect women as victims of online gender-based violence; (3) Optimization of the institution in protection for women as victims of online gender-based violence during pandemic. This research uses normative juridical method with literature study approach. The results are several weaknesses still founded in Indonesia’s legal instruments, especially in UU ITE as Indonesia’s Cyber Law to overcome online gender-based violence. However, RUU PKS will be useful when legalized. As for the existence of legal protection supporting institutions, still needs to be optimized.
Prinsip dalam Berkontrak Pelaku Olahraga Sepakbola Profesional di Indonesia
Authors: Hanafie Nurharsya Khaer , Amin Fatimah Hidayahni , N. Ririn
Published: February 2022

Legal studies have two types of research, namely normative legal research and empirical legal research. According to Peter Mahmud Marzuki, normative legal research is a process to find a rule of law, legal principles, and legal doctrines to answer the legal problems faced. Normative legal research is carried out to produce new arguments, theories or concepts as prescriptions in solving problems at hand. The research of this article aims to find out the principles of contracting for professional football players so that professional sports players in entering into a business agreement can find the contract principles contained in contracts made by professional sports players. In theory, this article will examine the extent to which contracts in civil law that apply in general can be translated into contracts for professional sports players that will apply specifically or lex specialis because they contain elements of civil and business contracts in the form of a special contract that is characterized by a contract for Professional sports players, especially football.
The Effectiveness of Being Success Learning Model in Computer Systems Subjects at Vocational High Schools
Authors: Mahmud Rahmat , Syahrul  , Mangesa Riana T
Published: February 2022

This study aims at determining the effectiveness of the Being Success model in improving student learning outcomes in Computer Systems subjects at Vocational High Schools (SMK). This study uses a quasi-experimental comparative quantitative approach with a pre-test post-test control group design as the research design. This study was conducted at SMKN 05 Makassar and SMKS Telkom Makassar on January 22 to April 22, 2021. The population in this study was class X students on the even semester with the field of Information and Communication Technology expertise in Computer Systems subjects for the 2020/2021 academic year. Subject selection was carried out purposively with certain considerations. Basic Competencies (KD) suitability and the consistency of subjects to participate in online learning activities during the pandemic are considered. Therefore, the subjects in this study involved two classes with 54 students consisting of 27 students of class X SMKN 05 Makassar as the experimental class and 27 students of class X SMKS Telkom Makassar as the control class. Data were obtained from the results of the pre-test and post-test in the form of multiple-choice questions. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using parametric t-test statistics with a significance level of 0.05. Based on the output of the Independent sample sig (2-tailed), the t-test was 0.000 <0.05. These results indicate that there is a significant difference in the acquisition of learning outcomes between the control class and the experimental class. It can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Based on the results of the calculation of the N-Gain Score from the pre-test and post-test values, the normalized gain value for the experimental class was 0.73, and the control class was 0.58. The values ​​obtained are then interpreted into the normalized gain value criteria (N-Gain); from these values, ​​it can be concluded that the effectiveness of the application of the Being Success model in the experimental class is in the high category.
Supplemental Nickel Corrects Mouse Ear Disorder of Bitternut Hickory
Authors: Miller Brandon M. , Bassuk Nina L.
Published: February 2022

While sought after for use in managed landscapes, bitternut hickory [Carya cordiformis (Wang.) K. Koch] remains underutilized in horticulture due its reputation for difficulty with production and transplanting. After learning of issues experienced by growers and observing deformed leaf development of container-grown stock, we examined effects of supplemental nickel applications on seedlings of bitternut hickory. We hypothesized that, like the closely related species pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wang.) K. Koch], bitternut hickory would be similarly limited in production by a susceptibility to mouse ear disorder as a function of nickel deficiency. Seedlings cultivated with a soilless substrate in 3.8L (#1) nursery pots were treated with either a substrate drench or foliar spray of Nickel Plus® two weeks after budbreak. After 30 days, plants treated with a drench or foliar spray exhibited increased leaf area and decreased number of leaves per unit shoot extension and leaf greenness compared to nontreated controls. Foliar treatments resulted in an 83.5% increase in shoot extension over nontreated controls. Whereas seedlings provided supplemental nickel displayed healthy foliage after treatment, nontreated seedlings exhibited traditional symptoms of mouse ear disorder. These data indicate bitternut hickory is susceptible to mouse ear disorder, an issue remedied by supplementing nickel.

Index words: foliar spray, substrate drench, soilless substrate, nursery production, ornamental plants.

Chemicals used in this study: nickel lignosulfonate (Nickel Plus®).

Species used in this study: bitternut hickory, Carya cordiformis (Wang.) K. Koch