bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VLT/MUSE and ATCA Observations of the Host Galaxy of the Short GRB 080905A at z = 0.122
Authors: Nicuesa Guelbenzu A. M. , Klose S. , Schady P. , Belczynski K. , Hartmann D. H. , Hunt L. K. , Michałowski M. J.
Published: December 2021

Short-GRB progenitors could come in various flavors, depending on the nature of the merging compact stellar objects (including a stellar-mass black hole or not) or depending on their ages (millions or billions of years). At a redshift of z = 0.122, the nearly face-on spiral host of the short GRB 080905A is one of the closest short-GRB host galaxies identified so far. This made it a preferred target to explore spatially resolved star formation and to investigate the afterglow position in the context of its star formation structures. We used VLT/MUSE integral-field unit observations, supplemented by ATCA 5.5/9.0 GHz radio-continuum measurements and publicly available HST data, to study the star formation activity in the GRB 080905A host galaxy. The MUSE observations reveal that the entire host is characterized by strong line emission. Using the Hα line flux, we measure for the entire galaxy an SFR of about 1.6 M
⊙ yr−1, consistent with its non-detection by ATCA. Several individual star-forming regions are scattered across the host. The most luminous region has a Hα luminosity that is nearly four times as high as the luminosity of the Tarantula nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Even though star-forming activity can be traced as close to about 3 kpc (in projection) distance to the GRB explosion site, stellar population synthesis calculations show that none of the Hα-bright star-forming regions is a likely birthplace of the short-GRB progenitor.
A Catalog of 323 Cataclysmic Variables from LAMOST DR6
Authors: Sun Yongkang , Cheng Zhenghao , Ye Shuo , Ding Ruobin , Peng Yijiang , Zhang Jiawen , Huo Zhenyan , Cui Wenyuan , Wang Xiaofeng , Shi Jianrong , Lin Jie , Wu Chengyuan , Li Linlin , Feng Shuai , Yu Yang , Ma Xiaoran , Li Xin , Liu Cheng , Zhang Ziping , Shao Zhenzhen
Published: December 2021

In this work, we present a catalog of cataclysmic variables (CVs) identified from the sixth data release (DR6) of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST). To single out the CV spectra, we introduce a novel machine-learning algorithm called UMAP to screen out a total of 169,509 Hα emission spectra, and obtain a classification accuracy of the algorithm of over 99.6% from the cross-validation set. We then apply the template-matching program PyHammer v2.0 to the LAMOST spectra to obtain the optimal spectral type with metallicity, which help us identify the chromospherically active stars and potential binary stars from the 169,509 spectra. After visually inspecting all of the spectra, we identify 323 CV candidates from the LAMOST database, among them 52 objects are new. We further classify the new CV candidates in subtypes based on their spectral features, including five DN subtypes during outbursts, five NL subtypes, and four magnetic CVs (three AM Her type and one IP type). We also find two CVs that have been previously identified by photometry and confirm their previous classification with the LAMOST spectra.
Supernova Host Galaxy Association and Photometric Classification of over 10,000 Light Curves from the Zwicky Transient Facility
Authors: Garretson Braden , Milisavljevic Dan , Reynolds Jack , Weil Kathryn E. , Subrayan Bhagya , Banovetz John , Lee Rachel
Published: December 2021

Here we present a catalog of 12,993 photometrically-classified supernova-like light curves from the Zwicky Transient Facility, along with candidate host galaxy associations. By training a random forest classifier on spectroscopically classified supernovae from the Bright Transient Survey, we achieve an accuracy of 80% across four supernova classes resulting in a final data set of 8208 Type Ia, 2080 Type II, 1985 Type Ib/c, and 720 SLSN. Our work represents a pathfinder effort to supply massive data sets of supernova light curves with value-added information that can be used to enable population-scale modeling of explosion parameters and investigate host galaxy environments.
Lifting of Tribocharged Grains by Martian Winds
Authors: Kruss Maximilian , Salzmann Tim , Parteli Eric , Jungmann Felix , Teiser Jens , Schönau Laurent , Wurm Gerhard
Published: December 2021

It is a long-standing open question whether electrification of wind-blown sand due to tribocharging—the generation of electric charges on the surface of sand grains by particle–particle collisions—could affect rates of sand transport occurrence on Mars substantially. While previous wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulations addressed how particle trajectories may be affected by external electric fields, the effect of sand electrification remains uncertain. Here we show, by means of wind tunnel simulations under air pressure of 20 mbar, that the presence of electric charges on the particle surface can reduce the minimal threshold wind shear velocity for the initiation of sand transport, u
*ft, significantly. In our experiments, we considered different samples, a model system of glass beads as well as a Martian soil analog, and different scenarios of triboelectrification. Furthermore, we present a model to explain the values of u
*ft obtained in the wind tunnel that is based on inhomogeneously distributed surface charges. Our results imply that particle transport that subsides, once the wind shear velocity has fallen below the threshold for sustained transport, can more easily be restarted on Mars than previously thought.
Self-perceived knowledge level of epidemic management in medical residents prior to the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico
Authors: Reyna-Figueroa Jesus , Arvizu-Chavez Ivan , Luna-Rivera Eva Maria , Gonzalez-Olivo Veronica , Contreras-Ochoa Carla , Amador-Rodriguez Eric Alfonso , Arce-Salinas Cesar Alejandro
Published: December 2021

Introduction: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020, requiring a comprehensive response from all healthcare systems, including Mexico’s. As medical residents’ training did not involve epidemic response, we decided to evaluate their level of training on this subject, specifically self-perceived knowledge level and capacity to respond to epidemiological crises.

Methodology: Medical residents from two hospitals belonging to PEMEX (Mexico’s state-owned petroleum company) were included in a cross-sectional study. All participants answered a modified version of the survey developed by the University of Lovaina’s Center for Research and Education in Emergency Care. Participants were analyzed according to their relevant “clinical” or “surgical” residency tracks. Data were analyzed using through Chi-square tests, t-tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients with significance established at p < 0.05.

Results: Of a total of 94 resident participants in this study, 56.7% self-perceived themselves as being poorly prepared to confront the pandemic. Only 25.5% of the participants referred previous experience in medical responses to public health emergencies, and only 35.1% reported ever receiving education on this topic.

Conclusions: Medical residents—who have been involved with caring for victims of the pandemic—are under the general perception that they are not prepared, experienced, or educated enough to respond to such a widespread massive public health emergency.
Emergence of Novel SARS-CoV-2 variants in India: second wave
Authors: Adiga Rama , Nayak Varun
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Globally South-East Asia reported 40% of SARS-CoV-2 infected cases in the fourth week of April 2021. It continued to show an increase with India accounting for 50% of cases worldwide and 30% of global deaths. Genomic surveillance should continue at a rapid pace because of the continuously evolving nature of the virus. The time period of sample collection from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data database was concurrent with the surge in new cases seen in the Indian subcontinent.

Methodology: 7,415 sequences were downloaded from Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data between January and April 2021; out of which 4,411 were high coverage genome sequences and were considered for analysis. Phylogenetic analysis were carried out using Nextstrain.

Results: 21A or B.1.617 or delta was the most prevalent lineage in India accounting for 67.7% of the genomes. Next important clades were 20A, 20B and 20I accounting for 23.6%, 11.8% and 12.1% respectively collected between January 2021 and April 2021. The remaining sequences were assigned to clade 20H, 20J, 20D, 20C, 20G,20E,19A and 19B.The spike mutation frequencies of L452R, E484Q and P681R in Indian state of Maharashtra were 62.4%, 66.5% and 61.5% respectively. Two unique N-terminal domain deletion of spike protein were found at position 67 and 68.

Conclusions: The phylogenomics of the delta variant or 21A emerged in neighboring Asian countries of Thailand, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Japan. We analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 genomes from India for mutation characterization of the spike glycoprotein and the nucleocapsid protein.
Les aventures d’Antoine Doinel
Authors: Sommantico Massimiliano , Brennan Audrey , Vezinet Nane
Published: December 2021

En retraçant la saga Doinel et en nous la renvoyant sous la forme d’un récit cinématographique du passage à l’âge adulte, les auteurs proposent de la lire comme un chemin de subjectivation, avec ses achoppements et ses impossibilités. Les auteurs s’interrogent notamment sur plusieurs aspects de ce chemin : la réponse des adultes aux interrogations d’Antoine adolescent, ses rapports aux parents et à leurs fonctions défaillantes, les vicissitudes intrapsychiques et intersubjectives de sa vie de couple. Loin de faire une psychanalyse du protagoniste ou du metteur en scène, les auteurs lisent quand même la saga entière en l’entrecroisant avec les données autobiographiques mises en évidence par le même Truffaut comme source d’inspiration.
Festen. L’inceste mis en scène
Authors: Salomon Diane , Chapellon Sébastien
Published: December 2021

Festen met en évidence les alliances familiales inconscientes qui entravent la parole du sujet victime. Ce film a pour personnage principal un homme désireux de dénoncer les abus commis par un père riche et adulé de tous. Un an après le suicide de sa sœur jumelle, Christian profite de la fête d’anniversaire donnée en l’honneur de leur père pour dénoncer ses méfaits à l’assemblée. Mais les invités feignent d’ignorer la gravité des faits dénoncés. Ils semblent avoir inconsciemment scellé une entente pour ne pas entendre Christian. Comme dans la réalité, un difficile combat s’engage entre lui et ceux pour qui il est préférable d’en empêcher la révélation. Ainsi, en s’appuyant sur cette œuvre cinématographique, cet article dévoile les mécanismes mis en place par la famille pour préserver le groupe contre les risques que la parole du sujet victime lui fait courir.
L’artiste dans sa lignée
Authors: Gourdin Henri
Published: December 2021

Les artistes entretiennent avec leurs descendants des relations complexes et variées. Vingt ans de confrontations avec leurs bénéficiaires et d’études sur huit lignées d’artistes français célèbres (de Cézanne à Chagall) ont permis à l’auteur de faire une première analyse.
Practice Challenges for Federally Qualified Health Centers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Walsh Jaclyn A. , Gearhart Anne T.
Published: December 2021

Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had unprecedented influence on practitioners and patients across all practice settings, Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) have faced unique challenges. As pediatricians in two large FQHCs in the city of Chicago, the authors saw firsthand how patients and their families were disproportionately affected by COVID-19. In this article, they reflect on some of the most significant issues encountered during the pandemic. Using illustrative cases drawn from clinical practice, this article sheds light on the challenges faced by pediatricians who work in FQHCs.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021;50(12):e498–e502.]
The domain derivative for semilinear elliptic inverse obstacle problems
Authors: Hettlich Frank
Published: December 2021

We consider the recovering of the shape of a cavity from the Cauchy datum on an accessible boundary in case of semilinear boundary value problems. Existence and a characterization of the domain derivative of solutions of semilinear elliptic equations are proven. Furthermore, the result is applied to solve an inverse obstacle problem with an iterative regularization scheme. By some numerical examples its performance in case of a Kerr type nonlinearity is illustrated.
Escribir para gobernar: los tres Libros de constituciones medievales de la catedral de Santiago de Compostela
Authors: Ares Legaspi Adrián
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es el estudio de los Libros de constituciones 1, 2 y 3 de la catedral de Santiago, elaborados en los siglos XIV y XV, mediante los cuales se rigió la institución. Una investigación que se inicia con el análisis de la naturaleza diplomática de los códices, su contenido y función y la relación que se establece entre estos aspectos y la materialidad de los libros: las características del soporte, los elementos decorativos y, sobre todo, la escritura empleada en cada uno de ellos. Estos factores, junto con la información sobre sus artífices materiales y el contexto histórico en el que se confeccionaron, nos permiten observar cómo y por qué la cultura escrita jugó un papel indispensable en la esfera gubernativa de la iglesia medieval.
Una Inquisición sin inquisidores: los procesos de Córdoba y la crisis del Tribunal entre Roma y la península ibérica (1506-1507)
Authors: Fernández de Córdova Álvaro
Published: December 2021

La historiografía de la Inquisición ha reconocido en los procesos de Córdoba y sus convulsiones sociales la crisis más grave sufrida por el Tribunal entre 1504 y 1508. Partiendo de un trabajo anterior sobre las implicaciones del fenómeno en la pugna sucesoria de Fernando el Católico y Felipe I de Castilla (1504-1506), ahora profundizamos en la evolución inquisitorial tras el fallecimiento de este último y el regreso del monarca aragonés desde Nápoles para retomar la regencia castellana (1506-1507). Gracias a la inédita correspondencia de su embajador Luis Ferrer contamos con preciosa información sobre la evolución de los procesos en Castilla, las medidas arbitradas por el Consejo Real bajo el arzobispo Cisneros, y el esfuerzo de Fernando el Católico por pacificar la tensión social y recuperar el control del Tribunal con ayuda del papado.
Espacios religiosos e influencia política en la Corte española: el monasterio de la Encarnación y Mariana de San José (1616-1638)
Authors: Franganillo Álvarez Alejandra
Published: December 2021

En los últimos años, distintas publicaciones han demostrado que el convento de las Descalzas Reales de Madrid funcionó como un punto de encuentro de naturaleza política entre embajadores de distintas cortes y mujeres de la dinastía Habsburgo. No obstante, este caso no fue excepcional. El presente trabajo se propone analizar el monasterio de la Encarnación como espacio de intercambio político durante los reinados de Felipe III y Felipe IV, profundizando además en la excepcional figura de Mariana de San José, priora de la Encarnación desde 1616 hasta su muerte en 1638. Para lograrlo se ha estudiado la correspondencia perteneciente a la priora, incorporando la información proporcionada por los embajadores de diversas cortes italianas. Ello ha permitido contextualizar la participación de Mariana de San José en las pugnas cortesanas, así como valorar la rivalidad que la Encarnación mantuvo con las Descalzas Reales.
«A campana tañida». La percusión en el paisaje sonoro en la vida conventual femenina española de los siglos XVII y XVIII
Authors: Bejarano Pellicer Clara
Published: December 2021

Las comunidades femeninas que habitaban los conventos de los siglos XVII y XVIII en España se regían por estrictas reglas y ceremoniales que aspiraban a gobernar los tiempos, las palabras y los actos de su vida cotidiana en todos los casos. En este estudio se utilizan dichas fuentes dispositivas para realizar una aproximación al paisaje sonoro ideal de los conventos de clausura de las diversas congregaciones, en el marco de la comunicación no verbal y con especial atención al papel desempeñado por las campanas y otros instrumentos de percusión como agentes rectores.
Trust and Sincerity in Art
Authors: Nguyen C. Thi
Published: December 2021

Our life with art is suffused with trust. We don’t just trust one another’s aesthetic testimony; we trust one another’s aesthetic actions. Audiences trust artists to have made it worth their while; artists trust audiences to put in the effort. Without trust, audiences would have little reason to put in the effort to understand difficult and unfamiliar art. I offer a theory of aesthetic trust, which highlights the importance of trust in aesthetic sincerity. We trust in another’s aesthetic sincerity when we rely on them to fulfill their commitments to act for aesthetic reasons—rather than for, say, financial, social, or political reasons. We feel most thoroughly betrayed by an artist, not when they make bad art, but when they sell out. This teaches us something about the nature of trust in general. According to many standard theories, trust involves taking the trusted to be cooperative or good-natured. But trust in aesthetic sincerity is different. We trust artists to be true to their own aesthetic sensibility, which might involve selfishly ignoring their audience’s needs. Why do we care so much about an artist’s sincerity, rather than merely trusting them to make good art? We emphasize sincerity when wish to encourage originality, rather than demanding success along predictable lines. And we ask for sincerity when our goal is to discover a shared sensibility. In moral life, we often try to force convergence through coordinated effort. But in aesthetic life, we often hope for the lovely discovery that our sensibilities were similar all along. And for that we need to ask for sincerity, rather than overt coordination.
On Euclid and the Genealogy of Proof
Authors: Davey Kevin
Published: December 2021

I argue for an interpretation of Euclid’s postulates as principles grounding the science of measurement. Euclid’s Elements can then be viewed as an application of these basic principles of measurement to what I call general measurements—that is, metric comparisons between objects that are only partially specified. As a consequence, rather than being viewed as a tool for the production of certainty, mathematical proof can then be interpreted as the tool with which such general measurements are performed. This gives, I argue, a more satisfying story of the origin of proof in Ancient Greece, and of the status of Euclid’s postulates.
Lucretian Puzzles
Authors: Rabenberg Michael
Published: December 2021

It seems that people typically prefer dying later to dying earlier. It also seems that people typically do not prefer having been created earlier to having been created later. Lucretius’ Puzzle is the question whether anything typically rationally recommends having a preference for dying later to dying earlier over having a preference for having been created earlier to having been created later. In this paper, I distinguish among three ways in which Lucretius’ Puzzle can be understood and say how I think they ought to be answered.
Eliminativism and Evolutionary Debunking
Authors: Bagwell Jeffrey
Published: December 2021

Eliminativists sometimes invoke evolutionary debunking arguments against ordinary object beliefs, either to help them establish object skepticism or to soften the appeal of commonsense ontology. I argue that object debunkers face a self-defeat problem: their conclusion undermines the scientific support for one of their premises, because evolutionary biology depends on our object beliefs. Using work on reductionism and multiple realizability from the philosophy of science, I argue that it will not suffice for an eliminativist debunker to simply appeal to some object-free surrogate theory of evolution that results from converting any scientific proposition about some object K into a proposition about simples arranged K-wise. In the process, I examine some hazards peculiar to eliminative reductions of scientific theories, and propose a trilemma for eliminativists who attempt to recoup generality for ontologically sparse reducing theories by appealing to pluralities of simples arranged K-wise. The paper is intended to define and develop the object debunker’s self-defeat problem for further study, and to clarify some of the ways sparse and abundant ontologies interact with scientific theory.
Are We Playing a Moral Lottery? Moral Disagreement from a Metasemantic Perspective
Authors: Dogramaci Sinan
Published: December 2021

If someone disagrees with my moral views, or more generally if I’m in a group of n people who all disagree with each other, but I don’t have any special evidence or basis for my epistemic superiority, then it’s at best a 1-in-n chance that my views are correct. The skeptical threat from disagreement is thus a kind of moral lottery, to adapt a similar metaphor from Sharon Street. Her own genealogical debunking argument, as I discuss, relies on a premise of such disagreement among evolutionary counterparts.In this paper, I resist the threat from disagreement by showing that, on some of the most influential and most attractive theories of content determination, the premise of moral disagreement cannot serve any skeptical or revisionary purposes. I examine and criticize attempts, made by Gilbert Harman and Sharon Street, to argue from disagreement to relativism by relying on a theory of content determination that involves a principle that, within certain constraints, maximizes the attribution to us of true beliefs. And I examine and criticize Robert Williams’s attempt to show there is moral disagreement by relying on a theory of content determination that involves a principle that instead maximizes the attribution to us of rationality. My overall aim is to defend commonsense moral realism via a careful look at the theory of content and concepts.
Do Implicit Racial Biases Have Significant Discriminatory Effects?
Authors: Fuller Timothy
Published: December 2021

This article investigates whether implicit racial biases have significant discriminatory effects. To this end, it evaluates meta-analyses of studies on measures of implicit bias and behavioral effects to which they are correlated. On balance, I maintain, the best interpretation of these meta-analyses and relevant surrounding research supports the conclusion that implicit racial biases are significantly correlated to racially biased behaviors, with effects that are consequential at both the individual and group levels. This conclusion is compatible with, but does not entail, the proposition that implicit racial biases in fact cause such effects. In consequence, I consider the contribution implicit bias research might make to our best accounts of racial discrimination and inequality on both a casual and non-causal construal. I argue it is plausible that research on implicit racial bias, on either construal, will play a substantive role in such accounts.
Introduction Éloquence, rhétorique, littérature. Tensions et interrogations
Authors: Mas Marion , Nicolas Catherine , Vibert Anne
Published: December 2021

Si on assiste à une revalorisation de l’éloquence, dont témoignent la vogue des concours d’éloquence, le succès d’un film comme À voix haute et la réévaluation de l’oral et des arts de la parole dans le parcours des élèves du collège au lycée (expérimentation d’un enseignement d’« éloquence » en troisième, « grand oral » au baccalauréat), les objectifs assignés à son enseignement, à l’école et à l’université, apparaissent encore très hétérogènes. Considérant l’éloquence comme un enjeu éducatif et politique fondamental, en relation étroite avec des pratiques sociales en mutation, les textes réunis ici interrogent les cadres théoriques qui doivent permettre de fonder une didactique de la parole orale, ainsi que des expériences d’enseignement de l’éloquence et leurs enjeux.
La constitution d’une terminologie de l’éloquence française à partir des nomenclatures rhétoriques du grec et du latin
Authors: Nicolas Christian
Published: December 2021

La communication interroge le passage de la nomenclature technique de la rhétorique du grec au latin, puis du latin au français. Les procédés utilisés sont classiques : emprunt lexical, calque morphologique, calque sémantique. Mais comme ils ne sont pas exclusifs, on obtient souvent en latin des doubles listes, une grecque, acquise par emprunt lexical (ainsi metaphora), l’autre latine, issue d’un calque (ainsi translatio), avec deux mots pour la même notion. Et à date française, ce double héritage gréco-latin laisse de nombreuses traces dans la terminologie.
Vie et mort d’un concours. Le prix d’éloquence à l’Académie française (xixe-xxe siècle)
Authors: Zékian Stéphane
Published: December 2021

L’article revient sur l’histoire du concours d’éloquence organisé par l’Académie française jusqu’à la fin de la IIIe République. Lié aux conquêtes de l’esprit philosophique dans le dernier tiers du xviiie siècle, ce rituel devint rapidement anachronique après la Révolution, l’éloge des grands écrivains, forme privilégiée du concours, souffrant alors d’une réputation de désuétude. En persistant à maintenir la tradition du genre épidictique, l’Académie suscita la réprobation jusque dans les rangs de ses candidats. Défiée par ses propres lauréats, elle finit par adapter son concours aux nouvelles méthodes en vigueur dans le champ de la critique littéraire. Changement trop tardif, toutefois, pour redorer l’image d’un rituel en décalage avec le discours moderne de l’histoire littéraire.
L’éloge paradoxal dans la littérature française contemporaine
Authors: Reggiani Christelle
Published: December 2021

Appartenant à une époque en principe révolue du discours public, la forme de l’éloge paradoxal semble datée, cantonnée à l’Antiquité ou à l’âge classique. Or, cette éloquence apparemment désuète connaît une étonnante résurgence dans la littérature française contemporaine (en donnant à cet adjectif sa valeur usuelle dans les études littéraires, pour désigner la période qui débute avec les années 1980). En tentant de cerner plus précisément les contours du phénomène, cet article se propose d’interroger les enjeux d’une telle résurgence — qui ne suppose pas, d’ailleurs, la lecture effective par les écrivains du corpus antique fondateur du genre.
Enseigner la rhétorique à l’École de Bruxelles
Authors: Danblon Emmanuelle , Donckier de Donceel Lucie , Sans Benoît , Sevestre-Giraud Benjamin
Published: December 2021

Cet article expose la conception de l’enseignement de la rhétorique à l’École de Bruxelles. Il explique l’origine de la démarche dans la pensée de Perelman. Il montre ensuite comment l’équipe du GRAL a retrouvé l’enseignement des exercices de rhétorique par les sophistes. Il propose une réflexion épistémologique pour montrer la spécificité de cet enseignement. Il termine enfin par l’exposé d’un exercice de délibération conçu et animé par les membres du GRAL.
Le concours d’éloquence, un moyen approprié pour développer une approche sensible de la littérature ? L’exemple d’un projet Éloquence en classe de troisième
Authors: Rouvière Nicolas
Published: December 2021

À partir de l’observation d’une classe de vingt-quatre élèves de 14 et 15 ans, l’article étudie si la préparation d’un concours d’éloquence a permis de développer une approche sensible de la littérature. Après avoir rappelé les théories de la mise en voix comme mode d’appropriation des textes littéraires, il examine par quels vecteurs d’immersion, indépendamment de l’examen des propriétés internes du texte, les élèves ont pu donner à entendre une présence de la parole. Il évoque enfin les résultats constatés pour l’apprentissage et les remédiations qu’il est possible d’envisager.
Développer des compétences orales à l’université : quels modèles et quelles pratiques de référence ?
Authors: Facq-Mellet Caroline
Published: December 2021

Cet article s’appuie sur une critique des concours d’éloquence au sein de l’université pour proposer d’autres pratiques de l’oral en adéquation avec la mission de construction des savoirs de cette institution de l’enseignement supérieur. L’étude s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une réflexion sur la mise en place d’un enseignement consacré à l’exercice de la parole orale à l’université de Paris-Nanterre. On y observe une demande importante pour développer de nouvelles compétences liées à la maîtrise de l’oral. Les concours d’éloquence semblent combler un vide didactique dans ce domaine. Pourtant, les modèles théoriques de ces exercices doivent être interrogés : les références sous-jacentes sont celles de la performance théâtrale ou de la joute judiciaire. Ce sont des modèles qui favorisent l’exacerbation des oppositions, la théâtralisation et la prise de parole monologale. Il s’agit alors de proposer un autre enseignement dans un dispositif permettant de favoriser les interactions orales visant à la construction des savoirs scientifiques.
Le défi d’enseigner l’éloquence en première année à l’université : retour d’expérience sur la construction d’un corpus de compétences et d’une méthode
Authors: Simiand Guillaume
Published: December 2021

Cet article présente les cours développés depuis douze ans au sein de l’École de droit de l’université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne sous l’intitulé « Éloquence et plaidoirie », et s’efforce d’en tirer quelques observations à valeur plus générale. Une spécificité de l’approche retenue consiste à donner la parole aux étudiants immédiatement, la culture rhétorique n’étant pas un prérequis mais une innutrition progressive. Cette stratégie, depuis l’Antiquité, est controversée ; mais nous espérons que la solution mise en œuvre à Paris 1, inspirée de Quintilien, montre que l’approche par la pratique n’est pas condamnée à oublier les valeurs humanistes de la tradition rhétorique.
Olhares sobre a midiatização na pesquisa brasileira em Comunicação
Authors: Sbardelotto Moisés
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, apresentamos resultados de uma metapesquisa que buscou identificar os modos teórico-metodológicos de observação de processos de comunicação a partir da perspectiva da midiatização. Primeiramente, refletimos sobre dois principais ângulos de observação da midiatização que se destacam no debate teórico-epistemológico sobre o conceito: o micro (ou individualista) e o macro (ou holista). Em seguida, apresentamos uma síntese de nosso percurso metodológico para “observar a observação” da midiatização, que envolveu a análise performativa de 21 teses e 46 dissertações defendidas entre 2016 e 2018. Depois, examinamos a midiatização como contexto geral da observação realizada pelas pesquisas, buscando entender em que situação, realidade, contexto social geral ou específico o/a pesquisador/a observa aquilo que chama de “midiatização”, apontando oito modos principais de observação distintos encontrados. Por fim, concluímos que, do ponto de vista da pesquisa empírica, é necessário buscar uma articulação complexa entre as perspectivas micro e macro, a fim de superar o risco de possíveis dualismos: desponta, assim, a imprescindibilidade de uma ecotransversalidade observacional da midiatização.
Evaluation of long-term impact of education program Hernia Help—Hernia Repair for the Underserved (HRFU) in Brazil
Authors: Pivetta Luca Giovanni Antonio , Konichi Renata Yumi Lima , Fujikawa Victor Kenzo , de Carvalho João Paulo Venancio , Macret Jessica Zilberman , Dia Eduardo Rullo Maranhão , Francis Maurice Youssef , Ribeiro Hamilton Brasil , de Freitas Amaral Pedro Henrique , Silva Rodrigo Altenfelder , Roll Sergio
Published: December 2021

AIM:

Hernia Help—Hernia Repair for the Underserved (HRFU) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) that has the following objectives: (1) to provide free hernia surgery to underserved populations, (2) to train local surgeons in a competency-based training program, and (3) to assist local authorities in creating self-sustaining hernia repair teams that can provide further care to the community. We aim to report a quality research of the training program of Hernia Help.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty-five surgeons who took the courses promoted by Hernia Help were contacted by email or telephone and invited to participate in the study. Those who accepted by signing their own and individual terms will answer a standardized questionnaire (10 closed questions) that evaluates the training course, as well as the incorporation of the technique taught in the participant's daily practice.

Results:

Hernia Help—HRFU trained 55 surgeons in Brazil, of which 33 responded to the contact and agreed to participate in the study; 16 did not return the contact; 2 refused to participate in the study; and 4 could not be reached for lack of means of contact. Of this group, all see Hernia Help as a good experience to them, and it has fulfilled the scope of teaching the modified Lichtenstein technique (MLT), and 88% adopted the technique in their daily practice. Of the group that adopted the MLT (29 participants), 6 (20.6%) admitted that they do not follow every step as it was taught. Additionally, 9 (31%) also reported that they have altered, to some degree, the technique when performing it in their daily practice. In addition, 4 (13.7%) admitted that they need another course. In contrast, 26 (89.6%) feel confident to teach the MLT, and 22 (75,8%) manifest the intent to participate as instructors in other occasions.

Conclusion:

Those results may indicate the need to develop new forms to help these students become proficient and perform the MTL following the steps. Besides, the study shows that Hernia Help—HRFU is a valuable initiative to educate surgeons—in developing countries—to build a sustainable inguinal hernia program in their communities.
Predictors of Emotional and Behavioural Problems amongst Children of North East India
Authors: Ahmed Amina , Baruah Arunjyoti , Ahmed Nurnahar
Published: December 2021

Mental health problems in early childhood have negative consequences in later life, and risk factors put an extra burden on their health outcome. Hence, researchers aimed to determine the predictors of emotional and behavioural problems amongst the children. A quantitative approach and cross-sectional descriptive design was used to conduct this study amongst 100 parents of children who attended a Tertiary Mental Healthcare Institute of North East India. Participants were selected by using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by using Socio Demographic Proforma, Alabama Parenting Questionnaire and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using stepwise multiple linear regression techniques to determine predictors of emotional and behavioural problems amongst the children. Findings revealed that age of the child and inconsistent discipline are the significant predictors of the emotional problems, poor monitoring/supervision is the significant predictor of conduct problems, age of the child, poor monitoring/supervision and inconsistent discipline are significant predictors of hyperactivity; gender of the child is the significant predictor of peer problems and poor monitoring/supervision and corporal punishment are the significant predictors of the total difficulties. Findings also revealed that positive involvement is the significant predictor of pro-social behaviour. These findings confirmed that negative parenting practices, age and gender of the child are the risk factors for the emotional and behavioural problems amongst the children. Therefore, health professionals working with children need to consider these factors in planning a comprehensive intervention package for better outcome.
Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Glimepiride-Metformin and Vildagliptin- Metformin Treatment in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Kumar Surendra
Published: December 2021

Objective:

To compare the safety and efficacy of glimepiride and vildagliptin as add-on therapy to metformin in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods:

This 24-week, prospective, comparative, observational study was conducted among newly diagnosed patients with T2DM. The primary endpoint was a change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postpradinal glucose (PPG), and HbA1c from the baseline to week 24. The key secondary endpoints were monitoring treatment-emergent adverse events such as hypoglycemia, overall gastrointestinal symptoms and weight gain, and electrocardiogram (ECG) findings.

Results:

A total of 100 eligible patients were divided into two groups: group A (n = 50) received vildagliptin plus metformin and group B (n = 50) received glimepiride plus metformin. The mean age of the patients was 49.98 years and 52.12 years in group A and group B, respectively. Electrocardiographic findings were within normal limits in all the patients from group A, whereas 47 patients from group B showed normal ECG findings. A significant decrease in HbA1c, fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose was observed with group A and group B from the baseline to week-24. However, at week-24, reduction in HbA1c and blood glucose parameters were comparable between the groups. Safety outcomes did not show any events of hypoglycemia with vildagliptin. Mild hypoglycemia was reported with glimepiride in five patients.

Conclusion:

Vildagliptin-metformin appeared to be equally effective to glimepiride-metformin in reducing HbA1c level and blood glucose parameters, however, resulted in better adverse event profiles with lower risks of hypoglycemia.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetes, Hypertension and Other Non-Communicable Diseases in a Tribal Population in South India
Authors: Shriraam Vanishree , Mahadevan Shriraam , Arumugam Parandhaman
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

The prevalence of non-communicable diseases is increasing in tribal areas of India owing to the development and adoption of modern lifestyle. This study was done to assess the prevalence and risk factors of obesity, diabetes and hypertension in a tribal area in South India.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among all men and women 40 years and above in ten randomly selected villages in three village panchayats located in a hilly area in Vellore district, Tamil Nadu. Minimum sample size calculated was 370. Data collection was done using a pretested questionnaire, clinical examination, and capillary blood glucose measurement. Prevalence and 95% confidence interval were estimated for diabetes and hypertension. By univariate and multivariate logistic regression, the Odds Ratio was calculated to identify the risk factors. SPSS version 16.0 was used. A value ofP< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The study included 502 subjects, 212 (42.2%) males and 290 (57.8%) females. The proportion of generalized and abdominal obesity was 21% and 36.5%. The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension among the tribal population was 7.4% and 36.5%. Approximately 62% of diabetes and 68% of hypertension were newly diagnosed during this study. Higher age, female sex, generalized and abdominal obesity, and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension and abdominal obesity and hypertension were risk factors for diabetes.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension is high with two-thirds being newly diagnosed during study in this tribal population mandating early screening, awareness campaigns for early health-seeking and improvement in health access.
Functioning Endocrine Tumors in Pregnancy: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges
Authors: Cherian Kripa E. , Kapoor Nitin , Paul Thomas V. , Asha Hesarghatta S.
Published: December 2021

The occurrence of endocrine tumors in pregnancy poses several diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Although rare, functioning tumors involving the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and pancreas are reported in the literature. Timely diagnosis and management of these tumors are essential as they might lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes if left untreated. This review is an attempt to characterize various functioning tumors that could occur in pregnancy, their clinical features, diagnosis, and management.
Toric intraocular lens: A literature review
Authors: Thulasidas Mithun , Kadam Aishwarya
Published: December 2021

Toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) are universally recommended in cataract cases with preoperative corneal astigmatism ≥1.5 D. An optimal surgical outcome depends on careful patient selection, complete preoperative evaluation, accurate IOL power calculation, precise marking of the axis, meticulous intraoperative approach, and methodical postoperative care. Understanding the importance of posterior corneal astigmatism, surgically induced astigmatism, and effective lens position in IOL power calculation and newer techniques to measure them directly have resulted in better postoperative refractive outcomes. We present a brief overview of toric IOLs along with the preoperative evaluation, IOL power calculation, different marking methods, intraoperative approach, and postoperative outcomes. Functional and anatomical outcomes, including uncorrected visual acuity, residual refractive astigmatism, and postoperative IOL misalignment, which have been reported for both toric IOLs and multifocal toric IOLs, are reviewed.
Quotients of singular foliations and Lie 2-group actions
Authors: Garmendia Alfonso , Zambon Marco
Published: December 2021

Androulidakis–Skandalis (2009) showed that every singular foliation has an associated topological groupoid, called holonomy groupoid. In this note, we exhibit some functorial properties of this assignment: if a foliated manifold

(M,\mathcal{F}_M)

is the quotient of a foliated manifold

(P,\mathcal{F}_P)

along a surjective submersion with connected fibers, then the same is true for the corresponding holonomy groupoids. For quotients by a Lie group action, an analogue statement holds under suitable assumptions, yielding a Lie 2-group action on the holonomy groupoid.
Quadratic Lie conformal superalgebras related to Novikov superalgebras
Authors: Kolesnikov Pavel S. , Kozlov Roman A. , Panasenko Aleksander S.
Published: December 2021

We study quadratic Lie conformal superalgebras associated with Novikov superalgebras. For every Novikov superalgebra

(V,\circ)

, we construct an enveloping differential Poisson superalgebra

U(V)

with a derivation

d

such that

u\circ v=ud(v)

and

\{u,v\}=u\circ v-(-1)^{|u||v|}v\circ u

for

u,v\in V

. The latter means that the commutator Gelfand–Dorfman superalgebra of

V

is special. Next, we prove that every quadratic Lie conformal superalgebra constructed on a finite-dimensional special Gelfand–Dorfman superalgebra has a finite faithful conformal representation. This statement is a step towards a solution of the following open problem: whether a finite Lie conformal (super)algebra has a finite faithful conformal representation.
Language and Language Policy of Komi-Permyaks in the 1920-1930s
Authors: Kamenskikh Mikhail S.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the particularities of latinization policy of the written Komi Permyaks’ language in the 1930s. As some national and foreign researchers think, the processes of Latinization were most challenging for finno-ugric peoples of the USSR; for this reason, the reforms of the written Komi Permyaks’ language reflect complex processes of policy both within the language sphere and wider – in the national policy of the USSR.

Based on available sources, many of which have been introduced into scientific use for the first time, the article analyzes the development of native written language of Komi Permyaks in the 1920-30s, the policy of the Komi district committee on implementation of Latin graphs, and estimates the factors that influenced the failure to adopt the Latin alphabet of the Komi-permyak language in paperwork and education system. The author concludes that, for wider popularity of the Latin alphabet for the Komi-permyak language, there were not sufficient conditions (financial, administrative ones, etc.), so the majority of officials and intelligentsia used Russian to communicate. However, further policy of its implementation could have inspired the usage of this alphabet since later a new Komi alphabet based on Cyrillic symbols was actually adopted.
Frontiers of Soviet Resettlements: Cultural Borders and Cross-Cultural Interaction between Russians and Chuvashes in the South Part of Kama Region in the 1920-1930s
Authors: Tschernych Alexander V. , Kamenskikh Mikhail S.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of ethno-social resettlement campaigns of the USSR of the second half of the 1920s. The implementation of these practices in the Volga Region led to major migrations and the formation of ethnic enclaves on the territory of Urals and Siberia. Basing on various sources and field materials, the article describes the situation in the Southern Prikamye after several thousand of the Chuvash people migrated to the places inhabited by Russian Old Believers. The sources allow to reconstruct complex processes of ethno-cultural interaction that formed new specific complexes of spiritual and material culture of the Chuvash people of Prikamye. The authors noted that the resettlement in the 1920s took place in the conditions of the destruction of the traditional life characteristics in the whole country, a change in ideological attitudes, a significant transformation of ethnocultural complexes. Under the conditions of migration, these factors contributed to a more intensive course of assimilation processes. At the same time, a significant number of Chuvash migrants encamped in one area at a distance from large settlements, as well as preservation of the rural character of the outposts contributed to the functioning of institutions for keeping the traditional way of legacy transmission.
“Please Send Us a Priest of Our German Nationality…”: The Confessional/Ethnic in the Worldview of the Siberian Catholics
Authors: Nedzelyuk Tatyana G.
Published: December 2021

The study is devoted to the analysis of the correlation of the confessional element with the ethnic element within the construction of "ethnoconfession" for the Catholic Germans of Siberia. The relevance of the study of the topic is dictated by the modern processes of ethnic and confessional identification/self-identification that have replaced globalization. Notably, due to the multi-ethnic and multi-confessional nature of the Siberian population, a peculiar and unique concept of the frontier has developed, determined by historians as the “Siberian frontier”. The temporal boundaries of the study include the twentieth century: from the moment of mass migrations from the Crimea, the Volga region and Ukraine to the Trans-Urals in the context of the Stolypin agrarian reform to the beginning of the active return movement of Russian Germans to Germany. The methodological basis of the study was the work of both ethnographers and sociologists. The content analysis method revealed the peculiarities of the mentality of representatives of various confessional groups within the German ethnic group. The research is based on the materials of the Russian State Historical Archive. The conclusions about the importance of confessional self-awareness are important for the self-identification and successful socialization of Russian Germans. The article is intended for specialists in the field of history and ethnography of Russian Germans, as well as for researchers interested in the features of frontier communications in Siberia.