bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dietary fiber of jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus L) tuber exerts hepatoprotective effect against high-sugar drinks in mice
Authors: Santoso Putra , Maliza Rita , Octavian Riski , Rita Rauza Sukma
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus, family Fabaceae) is a potent medicinal plant. Although extensive studies report the health benefits of jicama extract, few studies have investigated the efficacy of its dietary fiber in preventing metabolic diseases, including liver disease. The present study aimed to elucidate whether dietary fiber obtained from the jicama tuber counteracts the development of liver disease induced by high-sugar drinks. Methods: Twenty-four adult male mice (DDY strain; 2 months old with bodyweight 22-25 g) were randomized into three groups: normal drink (ND), fed with tap water and standard chow; high-sucrose drink (HSD), fed with a high-sucrose drink and standard chow; and high-sucrose drink plus standard chow with 25% jicama fiber (HSD + JF 25%). After the mice were on their respective diets for ten weeks, the following parameters were measured: body weight, liver weight, malondialdehyde (MDA), histopathological alterations, blood glucose, and serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT). Results: Mice in the HSD + JF 25% group had significantly lower body weight (P < 0.01), liver weight (P<0.05), MDA (P<0.01), blood glucose (P<0.01), and SGPT (P<0.01) compared to those in the HSD group. They also had fewer histopathological alterations in the liver, as demonstrated by a lower proportion of degenerated cells and an overall lower histopathological score than those in the HSD group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Adding jicama fiber (25% of standard chow) mitigates the increase in blood glucose and body weight and histopathological changes in the liver induced by high-sucrose drinks, showing liver protective activity.
Anti-hypercholesterolemic activity of standardized fermented Allium cepa L. var aggregatum extract: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Rohani Ade Sri , Yuandani Yuandani , Sitorus Panal , Andrianto Dimas , Dalimunthe Aminah
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Allium cepa extract has been reported to have anti-hypercholesterolemic activity in rats. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of standardized fermented A. cepa L. var aggregatum extract on cholesterol levels and HMG-CoA reductase enzyme. Methods: The fermented A. cepa extract was standardized by the presence of quercetin using a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The activity of the extract on HMG-CoA reductase was determined using HMG-CoA Assay kits, then measured by Nano spectrophotometry. In vivo study was conducted in hypercholesterolemic rats. The extract was administered orally at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg body weight (bw) to rats for 21 days and the cholesterol levels were measured every week. Results: All doses of fermented A. cepa extract and its marker compound, quercetin, ameliorated the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as compared to those of negative control (P<0.05). Of all the doses, fermented A. cepa extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg bw displayed the highest reduction in LDL-C levels. In addition, the extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg bw showed the strongest enhancement in HDL-C levels. The fermented A. cepa extract and quercetin also inhibited the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme with inhibitory activity of 61.78%. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of fermented A. cepa shows anti-hypercholesterolemic activity. The strong anti-hypercholesterolemic activity of the extract might be due to the high amounts of quercetin, although other constituents may also contribute.
Antibacterial activity of airborne fungal mediated nanoparticles in combination with Foeniculum vulgare essential oil
Authors: Qaralleh Haitham , Khleifat Khaled , Al-Limoun Muhamad , Al-Tarawneh Amjed , Khleifat Waqar , Almajali Ibrahem , Buqain Rula , Shadid Khalid A. , Aslowayeh Noorah
Published: August 2022

Introduction: A cost-effective and ecologically friendly method of generating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) includes pathways that utilize a variety of biological sources to decrease metal ions. This study was designed to synthesize AgNPs using a fungus strain Aspergillus flavus and evaluate its antibacterial activities alone or in combination with Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) essential oil (EO). Methods: The antibacterial activity of different concentrations of biosynthesized AgNPs by Aspergillus flavus individually and in combination with fennel EO was investigated using disc diffusion methods and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Bacterial species, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Shigella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were tested. Results: Formation of dark brown color, ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were used for the characterization of AgNPs. Obvious synergistic effects were observed between AgNPs and EO of fennel (F. vulgare) with all tested bacteria except S. aureus, through increases in fold area of inhibition (IFAs) within the range of 0.15 to 8.87. Although S. aureus had the most susceptibility toward both AgNPs and EO of fennel (24 and 17 mm, respectively), no synergistic activity was exhibited. The best synergistic capacity resulted from AgNPs and fennel EO was observed against S. epidermidis (8.87-fold in IFA). Conclusion: This study revealed that when biosynthesized AgNPs were mixed with the EO of F. vulgare, they became more bacteriostatic and might be developed to treat bacterial infections in the future.
Antiparasitic activity of Astragalus brachycalyx subsp. brachycalyx extract against hydatid cyst protoscoleces and its effect on induction of apoptosis: an in vitro and ex vivo study
Authors: Ghasemian Yadegari Javad , Khudair Khalaf Amal , Saadatmand Massumeh , Mahmoudvand Hossein
Published: August 2022

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate in vitro and ex vivo antiparasitic activity of Astragalus brachycalyx subsp. brachycalyx. root chloroformic extract against hydatid cyst protoscoleces and its effect on induction of apoptosis. Methods: Various concentrations of the A. brachycalyx root chloroformic extract (56.25, 112.5, 225, and 450 mg/mL) were treated with hydatid cyst protoscoleces collected from the liver of infected sheep for 5-60minutes in vitro and ex vivo. Eosin exclusion test was also utilized to measure the mortality of protoscoleces. Moreover, the extract effect was assessed on apoptosis induction in hydatid cyst protoscoleces by caspase-3 activity measurement. Results: The mortality rate of protoscoleces in in vitro was 100% after being exposed to 450 and 225 mg/mL of A. brachycalyx extract for 20 and 30 minutes and in ex vivo for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. Following 48 h treatment of protoscoleces, A. brachycalyx chloroformic extract at the doses of 56.25, 112.5, 225, and 450 mg/mL, dose-dependently motivated the caspase-3 enzyme ranging from 8.8% to 29.6% Conclusion: A. brachycalyx root chloroformic extract had a significant protoscolicidal effect; however, extra surveys are required to assess its efficacy and safety as a promising protoscolicidal agent in clinical settings.
English language learning in patients suffering from mental disorders: A different concept of self-stigma
Authors: Yousefi Majid , Haddad Narafsahn Mehry , Tajadini Massoud
Published: August 2022

Background: There are increasing challenges related to mental health in the public health system, and almost 80% of mental illnesses are reported in low- and middle-income countries. The stigma associated with mental illness leads to reduced access to health services, inadequate treatment, and poor outcomes. This paper, drawing on Norton1 conceptualization of language investment, investigates the effect of English language learning on self-stigma among patients suffering from mental disorders. Methods: An experimental design with a pre-post test format and a six-month follow-up with English language instruction and a control group was used for this study. A total of 52 adults with mental illness diagnoses from a center for patients suffering from mental disorders in Isfahan, Iran, participated in this study. Data were collected using an English language proficiency test and the Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (SSMIS), a self-report questionnaire to assess the internalization of stigmatic views. Results: The analysis indicated that the experimental group showed significant improvements in being empowered with higher levels of English language proficiency and stigma reduction (P<0.01). The findings of this study provide theoretical support for Norton’s model of investment and demonstrate its applicability among people with mental problems. Furthermore, the study provides evidence that it is feasible to implement successful English language teaching among patients with mental illness, which has received insufficient attention in academic studies. Conclusion: Policymakers, psychiatrists, doctors, and people dealing with mental diseases can use English language instruction to reduce stigma and promote a non-stigmatizing attitude among people with mental illnesses. The current study contributes to our understanding of English language teaching in the medical field. Results of the study support the use of second-language teaching to reduce stigma among people suffering from mental illnesses.
Comparison of the effects of vid-cast and lecture-based training courses on burn knowledge among medical interns at the Motahari burn hospital
Authors: Roham Maryam , Sohrabi Zohreh , Bigdeli Shoaleh , Dehnad Afsaneh , Hosseinzadeh Zohreh
Published: August 2022

Background: A training course on burn infection and care is one of the courses that medical students take during their internship. This training course has not yet been taught through e-learning in medical schools in Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of two methods: traditional lecturing and employing a vid-cast with interactive electronic content, on the knowledge of interns in a training course on burns. Methods: This quasi-experimental study with a pre-post non-equivalent group design was conducted among medical interns taking burn rotation training courses at the Motahari burn hospital, affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences. The two groups were given a pre-test at the beginning of the course. One group was given in-person lectures, and the other was given the same content in the form of a vid-cast with interactive electronic files. At the end of the rotation course, a post-test was administered on the planned content, and scores of both groups were compared. Results: The pre-test mean scores in the lecture group before and after the training intervention were 8 and 14.2, respectively; this difference was significant (P<0.001). The difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores in the vid-cast group was also significant (P<0.001).The mean of post-test scores in the lecture group was 14.92 and 17.24 in the e-learning group; this difference was also significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: Post-test scores in the e-learning group were higher with a significant statistical difference, suggesting that the e-learning outperformed their counterparts in the traditional lecture model. It is recommended that e-learning be used either as a supplementary or the main method of training in burn infection and care for interns.
Effectiveness of an operating room master of science program based on Kirkpatrick’s model
Authors: Amiri Mina , Momennasab Marzieh , Yektatalab Shahrzad , Hamidizadeh Saeed , Rahimi Zahra , Badiyepeymaiejahromi zohreh
Published: August 2022

Background: Evaluation is one of the most critical issues in the training process. Kirkpatrick’s model is one method in educational evaluation that can accurately evaluate programs. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an operating room master of scienc (MS) program om based on Kirkpatrick’s model. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling with 46 students and graduates from the operating room MS degree at the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2020-2021. A valid and reliable questionnaire with 47 items in three levels of reaction, learning, and performance was used to evaluate the opinions of graduates and students. The survey was sent to their email addresses and returned to the researcher after completion. Results: Kirkpatrick’s evaluation model showed that the overall evaluation of the operating room program was 70.97±9.32, which can be considered a moderate level. Students’ satisfaction with the program was moderate (68.00±14.97); their learning (84.54±15.69) and performance (84.30±9.28) were evaluated to be at a reasonable level. Conclusion: Considering the average effectiveness of the whole program, it is suggested that the educational managers of the operating room department plan and attempt to increase their indicators by considering the weaknesses and strengths of the program.
Adsorption of Methyl Orange on Corncob Activated Carbon: Kinetic, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Abollé Abollé , Urbain Kouakou Yao , Ollo Kambiré , Tchonrontcha Koné Yetchié , Rodrigue Kouakou Adjoumani
Published: August 2022

H3PO4 activated corncob carbon was used for removal of methyl orange. Characterization of the prepared carbon showed that it has many pores with a specific surface area equal to 714 m2 g-1. During this study, the concentration of methyl orange was monitored using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The kinetic study of the adsorption of methyl orange on activated carbon was performed and the adsorption rate was found to be consistent with pseudo-second order kinetics with 240 min as the equilibrium time. The equilibrium adsorption revealed that the experimental data better fit the Langmuir isotherm model for methyl orange removal. It is noted that for optimal removal of 10 mg L-1 methyl orange in a 25 mL volume, 0.3 g of activated carbon and a pH equal to 2.04 are required. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for methyl orange removal was found to be 107.527 mg g-1. Analysis of thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption process of methyl orange on activated carbon is physisorption, spontaneous and endothermic.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. ERA MULIA ABADI SEJAHTERA
Authors: Hardhiyanti Asti Setya , Setiadi Pompong Budi , Rahayu Sri
Published: August 2022

An effective leadership style application of work discipline in managing human resources in a company will affect the work behavior of employees which will ultimately affect the overall performance of the company. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of leadership style on employee performance and the effect of work discipline on employee performance at PT Era Mulia Abadi Sejahtera in the city of Malang. The instrument of this research used a questionnaire. Samples were taken as many as 30 employees of PT Era Mulia Abadi Sejahtera respondents in the city of Malang. Analysis and data processing using SPSS. The results of this study indicate that leadership style has no effect on employee performance, while work discipline has an effect on employee performance.
Green Brand Inovativeness, Green Knowledge dan Utilitarian Enviromental Benefits terhadap Green Perceived Value
Authors: Utami Hayu Yolanda , Natassia Rizky , Syahrul Alfattory Rheza
Published: August 2022

This study aims to prove and analyze the effect of green brand innovativeness, green knowledge, and utilitarian environment on the green perceived value of MS Glow brand skincare product users in generation Z in Padang City. The object of this research is several generation Z people in the city of Padang who use MS Glow brand skincare products. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The data collection process was the distribution of questionnaires conducted by researchers and teams through direct field observations. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression and t-statistical testing, processed with the help of the SPSS program. Based on the results of the first hypothesis testing, it found that green brand innovativeness had a positive effect on the green perceived value perceived by consumers in Padang City on MS Glow brand skincare. In testing the second hypothesis, it found that green knowledge had a positive effect on green perceived value felt by the Z generation in the city of Padang on a customer using MS Glow skincare products. In the third hypothesis, it was found Utilitarian environmental benefits don’t affect green perceived value felt by the Z generation in the city of Padang on a customer using MS Glow skincare product. In the Simultaneous hypothesis, it found green brand innovativeness, green knowledge, and utilitarian environment had a positive effect on green perceived value felt by the Z generation in the city of Padang on a customer using MS Glow skincare product.
ACTIVIDAD DE TREHALOSA 6-FOSFATO SINTASA EN PLANTAS DE Selaginella lepidophylla EN RESPUESTA A HIDRATACIÓN Y DESECACIÓN
Authors: Figueroa-Soto Ciria G. , Iturriaga Gabriel , Valenzuela-Soto Elisa M.
Published: August 2022

En este trabajo se describen las cinéticas de hidratación y deshidratación en plantas de Selaginella lepidophylla y su influencia en la actividad de la trehalosa 6-fosfato sintasa y en los niveles de trehalosa. Al hidratar plantas totalmente secas por 24 h, su contenido relativo de agua aumentó de 3.2 % a 92.7 %, mientras que su potencial hídrico se elevó de niveles indetectables en plantas secas a -0.3 MPa. Las plantas secas mostraron una actividad enzimática de 0.023 U mg-1 proteína, al aumentar a 0.135 U mg-1 proteína (581 %) a las 2 h de hidratación; a las 24 h de hidratación la actividad descendió a 0.081 U mg-1 proteína. La concentración de trehalosa en las plantas secas fue de 11.9 mg g–1 ps, que se incrementó a 53 mg g-1 ps durante las primeras 8 h de hidratación. En las plantas totalmente rehidratadas y sometidas a desecación por 24 h, la velocidad de pérdida de agua fue rápida y su contenido relativo de agua se redujo de 94.4 % a 4.8 %; su potencial hídrico descendió de –0.3 a –2.1 MPa durante las primeras 12 h del tratamiento. La actividad de trehalosa 6-fosfato sintasa disminuyó durante las primeras 2 h de deshidratación, y luego se incrementó hasta alcanzar una actividad máxima de 0.068 U mg-1 proteína a las 8 h; a las 24 h de desecación la planta conserva la actividad de trehalosa 6-fosfato sintasa aún con un contenido relativo de agua de 4.4 %. La concentración de trehalosa aumentó de 10.2 a 50.4 mg g-1 ps a las 8 h de deshidratación, y a las 24 h la concentración de trehalosa se mantiene alta (12 mg g-1 ps).
CALIDAD Y POTENCIAL DE ALMACENAMIENTO DE UVA ‘RUBY SEEDLESS’ ESTABLECIDA SOBRE OCHO PORTAINJERTOS
Authors: Venegas-Goyzueta María Del Carmen , Martínez-Peniche Ramón Álvar
Published: August 2022

La Comarca Lagunera produce uva (Vitis vinifera L.) de mesa para el mercado nacional. La proliferación de ciertas plagas y enfermedades que causan problemas serios en la raíz de la planta, como son la filoxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae FITCH), los nemátodos de la raíz (Meloidogyne spp) y la pudrición tejana (Phymatotrichum omnivorum), ha obligado a los productores a introducir portainjertos resistentes. Además de tolerar factores adversos del suelo, el portainjerto puede tener una influencia en la calidad del producto. En esta investigación se estudió la calidad y la evolución en el almacenamiento de la uva de mesa cv. ‘Ruby Seedless’ establecida sobre ocho portainjertos: 333 EM, 41 B, SO 4, 5 BB, 99 R, 5 C, 110 R y Dogridge. Se evaluó el tamaño del racimo y de la baya, firmeza de la baya, color en la baya, sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez total (%), desgrane (%), necrosis del raquis y pudrición (%). Se encontraron diferencias estadísticas en la mayoría de las variables evaluadas en función del portainjerto. El SO 4 indujo las mejores características de calidad en la uva ‘Ruby Seedless’ con racimos y bayas grandes, mayor contenido de sólidos solubles, mejor firmeza y resistencia al desgrane y baja pudrición, seguido por 99 R y 5 BB. El portainjerto que mostró los resultados menos prometedores fue 110 R con racimos pequeños, baja firmeza y altos niveles de pudrición. Durante el almacenamiento se disminuyó la firmeza, se incrementó la acidez, el porcentaje de desgrane, la necrosis del raquis y el porcentaje de pudrición.
AVALIAÇÃO DE APLICATIVOS MÓVEIS PARA A PROMOÇÃO DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO
Authors: do Socorro da Silva Queiroz Maria , Fayma Lopes Chaves Anne , Ana Carolina Maria Araújo Chagas Costa Lima Ana , Soares Chaves Rouberte Emília , Raulino Cavalcante Daniela , Maria Castro Nogueira Daiany , Gonçalves de Oliveira Mariana , de Melo do Nascimento Bruno , Correira Monteiro Thais , Alapenha Ferro Chaves Costa Lima Sabrina
Published: August 2022

Objective: To evaluate the quality of mobile breastfeeding apps available electronically. Methods: Evaluative study of mobile applications available on digital platforms, conducted by searching the Play Store (Android) and App Store (IOS). by searching the Play Store (Android) and App Store (IOS). The instrument to assess the quality of applications was the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). Results: 12 applications were eligible and all were inserted into the information category. Most of them had an average quality score above 3 (10 apps). quality score above 3 (10 apps), one had an average score above 4, and one had an average score below 3. a 3. The apps scored well in the functionality domain, and presented acceptable engagement and acceptable aesthetics. Conclusion: The mobile apps focused on breastfeeding bring information that can that can clarify doubts of mothers, besides benefiting the professional practice in helping the practice of breastfeeding, favoring the continuity of assistance.
A INFLUÊNCIA DAS AVÓS NO PROCESSO DE ESCOLHA DAS FAMÍLIAS SOBRE ALEITAMENTO
Authors: Dias Silvestri Vaz Pinto Júlia , Tavares Costa Ercolin Ludmila
Published: August 2022

Grandmothers are figures who represent support and part of the care of many families around the world. Therefore, they play an influential role in important decisions, including in the breastfeeding process of their grandchildren, both through ideas and beliefs passed on to the lactating women and through practical help. Such influence can be a great ally and motivator of breastfeeding, but it can also be the opposite, depending on the opinions and beliefs of each family, and the level of understanding that each one has about the act of breastfeeding. This paper proposes to scrutinize in more detail how this relationship between grandparents and breastfeeding mothers works, and how it could be more fruitful in order to protect breastfeeding.
Pengaruh Pemberdayaan Perempuan Terhadap Pelayanan Kebidanan: Literature Review
Authors: Ainiyah Izzatul , Budiono Dwi Izzati
Published: August 2022

One of Sustainable Developement Goal by United Nations is to achieve gender equality and empowering women. Women empowerment in health field is also one of the most effective strategy to achieve this goal as well as other goals related to this issue. Midwife as a profession act as women partner and have a philosophy that every women needs tobe empowered. This study aim to review some literature about the effect of women empowerment in midwifery services. This study was a secondary research in form of literature review from articles we had collected from Pubmed dan Science direct. There are total of 21 literatures that fit inclusion and exclusion criterias set by researcher. Based on this review, women empowerment in midwifery services increased maternal and child health, but however it might caused an unexpected negative effect such as increased medicalisation of childbirth which could  harm women.  Further primary  research required to validate these data.
La arqueología colombiana: una disciplina autoconsciente que entiende las dinámicas del presente
Authors: Sandoval-Carabali Rober Andres
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to provide a synopsis of the fluctuations in the academic dynamics of archaeology in Colombia, with the main objective of showing that it has gone through multiple changes in its methodological and academic approach, going from being a discipline concerned with the reconstruction of the past through the analysis of archaeological objects and sites, to a self-aware multidisciplinary corpus that analyzes the social characteristics of past and present populations, thanks to the incorporation of disciplinary components that recognize the dynamics: political and socio-cultural, in which the communities are immersed. For this, the current text starts with a brief tour through the historical sections that point out the different disciplinary approaches together with the criticism they have had, concluding that through the affiliation of currents of thought from other areas of study, archaeology was transformed into a discipline that in relation to the studies of the past tries to give answers to the problems of the present, under important challenges and agendas.
HISTORY OF A CHURCH PARISH SCHOOL FOR ARMENIAN GIRLS NAMED AFTER SAINT HRIPSIME, NAKHICHEVAN-ON-DON
Authors: Choriyan S.K.
Published: August 2022

This article examines the historical path of the parish school, and then the school named after St. Hripsime, from the usual general one to the school for Armenian girls. The time frame for the existence of the school covers the period from 1790 to 1919. Particular emphasis was placed on the participation of society, the church and all kinds of charitable organizations in the problems of the school, which played an important role in the education of the female part of the Armenian population of Nakhichevan-on-Don. As evidenced by the surviving documents, the school experienced constant financial difficulties throughout the entire period of its existence. It is important to note the seriousness of the attitude of society and the church to the issue of the education of Armenian girls. However, the program of the school did not allow girls after graduation to immediately enter higher educational institutions. Even in the most difficult times, the city and society tried to ensure the continuity of the educational and upbringing process, realizing the importance of education in the society of that time.
IN MEMORY OF GALINA EVGEN'EVNA LEBEDEVA (1935-2021), DOCTOR OF HISTORY, PROFESSOR OF SAINT PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Slyadz A.N.
Published: August 2022

This article is dedicated to memory of Doctor of History, professor of medieval history department of Saint Petersburg (Leningrad) State University Galina Evgen'evna Lebedeva (1935-2021). The article mentions the most important features of G. E. Lebedeva as a scientist and teacher, outlines the key areas of her scientific activity, describes her main works and defines her contribution to the development of Byzantine studies in Russia.
I.Ya. FROYANOV ABOUT SUZERAINTY-VASSALAGE IN RUS’
Authors: Mininkova L.V.
Published: August 2022

In the works of the outstanding Soviet and Russian historian I.Ya. Froyanov, a new concept of the history of early Medieval Rus’ as a country in which the feudal system had not yet been formed, which took place in the corresponding period in a number of Western European countries, was substantiated. Nevertheless, I.Ya. Froyanov did not deny the formation of suzerainty-vassalage relation in Rus’, typical of Western feudalism. He highlighted the features of Russian suzerainty-vassalage and showed that such relations can be formed in society at the pre-feudal stage of its development. Thus, I.Ya. Froyanov combined the tradition of Russian historiography with a fundamentally new approach to understanding this phenomenon.
PEOPLE's PERCEPTIONS OF POWER IN ANCIENT RUSSIA IN THE REFLECTION OF BYLINY
Authors: Kozlovsky S.V.
Published: August 2022

Power is usually interpreted as the ability to impose one's will on others unconditionally, even against their resistance. This interpretation, which goes back to M. Weber, has a timeless character and allows us to assess the role of power in social practice in any territory. However, the perceptions of power preserved in byliny show that the relations connected with it have many nuances connected with the rights, powers and competence of an individual in the hierarchical structure of Old Russian society. The peculiarity of byliny as a source is that they do not duplicate the chronicle information, but significantly supplement them, which allows a new look at some elements of social practice. This article examines the bylinic perception of governance and subordination as the basis of power relations, as well as related problems: status distribution, functions and powers, ritual conditionality of granting a place in society, the influence of these perceptions on the formation of social myths.
EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZERS AND HERBICIDE TANK MIXTURE IN SHORT-TERM ROTATIONS
Authors: Акимов А.А. , Беленков А.И.
Published: August 2022

На основе полученных экспериментальных данных за период 2011–2015 гг. представлена хозяйственная, биологическая и экономическая эффективность баковой смеси гербицидов гранстар + эстет на разных фонах минерального питания в четырёх севооборотах с короткой ротацией. На дерново-подзолистых почвах применение гербицидов в посевах зерновых культур позволило снизить засорённость, в среднем за ротацию севооборота, на 35,2%, минеральных удобрений – на 18,8%, площади чистого пара – на 78,2%. Внесение минеральных удобрений приводило к увеличению актуальной засорённости посевов озимой ржи в 2,6 раза, а также способствовало повышению биологической эффективности применяемой в её посевах баковой смеси гербицидов на 9,3%. Применение баковой смеси гербицидов (гранстар 10 г/га + эстет 400 мл/га) в посевах зерновых культур и расчётных норм минеральных удобрений (N96P0K109), вносимых под озимую рожь, экономически оправдано в севообороте с занятым вико-овсяным паром и продуктивностью, в среднем за ротацию севооборота, 4,93 т корм. ед./га.

Based on the obtained experimental data for the period 2011–2015 the economic, biological and economic efficiency of the tank mixture of herbicides granstar + estet on different grounds of mineral nutrition in four short-term rotations is presented. On soddy podzolic soils the use of herbicides in sowings of grain crops made it possible to reduce foreign matter, on average for rotation of crop rotation by 35.2%, mineral fertilizers – by 18.8%, the area of complete fallow – by 78.2%. The application of mineral fertilizers led to an increase in the actual weed infestation of winter rye crops by 2.6 times, and also contributed to an increase in the biological efficiency of the tank mixture of herbicides used in its crops by 9.3%. The use of a tank mixture of herbicides (granstar 10 g/ha + estet 400 ml/ha) in sowings of grain crops and the calculated norms of mineral fertilizers (N96P0K109) applied under winter rye is economically justified in crop rotation with busy vetch-oats fallow and productivity, on average, for rotation of crop rotation, 4.93 tons of feed units/ha.
NORMALIZATION OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF POULTRY IN MAI "YAROSLAVL ZOO" AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE USE OF PROBIOTICS
Authors: Скворцова Е.Г. , Постраш И.Ю. , Еремеева М.А. , Соколова О.Н.
Published: August 2022

Рассмотрены биохимические показатели сывортки крови кур МАУ «Ярославский зоопарк» пород брама, падуан, суматранская, гамбургская, шабо, сибрайт, кучинская, карликовый кохинхин, суссекс. Показано, что обмен белка у подопытной птицы соответствует физиологической норме, содержание общего белка и мочевой кислоты находится в пределах референтных значений. Однако концентрация таких важнейших макроэлементов, как магний и кальций, была существенно меньше нижней границы нормативных значений, в среднем на 13 и 12,5% соответственно. На фоне применения пробиотика Байкал ЭМ-2 для птиц произошла нормализация этих физиологических показателей, а также нормализовался углеводный обмен, уменьшилась концентрация глюкозы в крови.

Biochemical parameters of blood serum of chickens of MAI "Yaroslavl Zoo" breeds brama, paduan, Sumatran, Hamburg, shabo, sibright, kuchinskaya, dwarf cochin, susseks are considered. It was shown that protein metabolism in the experimental bird corresponds to the physiological norm, the content of crude protein and uric acid is within the reference values. However, the concentration of the most important macronutrients such as magnesium and calcium was significantly less than the lower limit of standard values, by an average of 13 and 12.5%, respectively. Against the background of the use of the probiotic Baikal EM-2 for birds, these physiological indicators were normalized, and carbohydrate metabolism was normalized, the concentration of glucose in the blood decreased.
Status Gizi Penderita Hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kinilow Tomohon
Authors: Musa Ester Candrawati
Published: August 2022

Background: Hypertension is one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially the City of Tomohon. The prevalence of hypertension continues to increase every year. The death rate due to hypertension is quite high. One of the risk factors for hypertension is excess nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to describe the nutritional status of hypertension sufferers in the working area of the Puskesmas Tinoor, Tomohon City. Methode: This is a descriptive research. This is research was carried out in the working area of the Puskesmas Tinoor, Tomohon City in October-December 2021. A total of 72 hypertension patient were the subjects in this study. The instrument of this research is the filling sheet. Data were analyzed univariately. Result: The results showed that the average body weight (BW) was 66.6 kg, the median was 66 kg with a range of 43-120 kg. Based on height (BH) obtained an average of 162.3 cm, median 165 cm with a range of 142-181 cm. Based on the body mass index (BMI), the average BMI was 25.33, the median was 24.8 with a range of 17.2-42.1. Conclusion: That can be conclude that the average nutritional status of hypertension sufferers in the working area of the Puskesmas Tinoor, Tomohon City, is in the pre-obesity category. Therefore, patients can make efforts to maintain an ideal BMI through physical activity and regulating food intake.
Ultrafast dynamics of coherent phonons and phonon-polaritons in lithium niobate crystals
Authors: Abulikemu Aizitiaili , Fukuda Takumi , Hase Muneaki
Published: August 2022

This study investigates the ultrafast dynamics of coherent phonons and phonon-polaritons in lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystals using reflective pump–probe spectroscopy with 25 fs time resolution. In addition to several coherent optical phonon modes, the electro-optic (EO) sampling measurements explored the coexistence of phonon-polariton E-modes near 3.8 and 14.9 THz, which agrees considerably with the theoretical phonon-polariton dispersion curves. We also discovered that a time lag (

Δ
t

≈

0.2 ps) between the coherent optical phonon and phonon-polariton originates from the coupling time for propagating phonon-polariton. Our findings provide a possible application of LiNbO3 for ultrafast EO phonon modulators with bandwidths greater than 10 THz.
MEMAHAMI PEMIKIRAN ABDURRAHMAN WAHID (Pendidikan Menjadi Sumber Kebebasan Manusia)
Authors: Muhammad Husni  , Akh Fahrur Rozi
Published: August 2022

Human freedom is Gus Dur's fundamental thinking in giving a broad appreciation of all things, both in human life and in paying attention to the well-being of each individual, man is the only being who has the highest perfection of circumstances in every creation of God. To become a full human being, man must provide enough wiggle room for himself outside and within himself According to Gus Dur Human freedom is not unlimited freedom.
But the human freedom that Gus Dur refers to is nothing but freedom that is limited by other human freedoms. Freedom can also be defined as self-determination, the ability to choose and the opportunity to fulfill or obtain that choice. In everyone's life, freedom is an essential element.
Freedom in Islamic education makes humans learn about events that occur in themselves, Liberation-based Islamic education is a mirror of human independence. Education seeks to provide assistance to free people in objective lives from oppression that strangles them. Therefore Islamic education has an important role to provide relief assistance to students. Islamic education is a process of forming individuals not only in the field of theology, but also in the social, economic and educational fields.
Keywords: Education, Human Freedom
PENERAPAN METODE PENDIDIKAN INTEGRAL ANAK USIA DINI BERBASIS AQIDAH ISLAM DI HOMESCHOOLING GROUP AN-NIDA MAKASSAR
Authors: Hasnawati Hasnawati , Mannuhung Suparman , Rahim Ratna
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Penerapan Metode Pendidikan Integral Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Aqidah Islam di Homeschooling Group an-Nida Makassar. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode yang di gunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Selanjutnya data tersebut dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan persentase (%). Adapun hasil penelitian dari angket 27 responden menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode pendidikan integral berbasis aqidah Islam di Homeschooling Group an-Nida Makassar cukup memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap pembentukkan akhlak pribadi peserta didik, antara lain: anak sudah bisa sholat, hapal doa sehari-hari, surah-surah pendek, hadis pendek, sudah cukup mandiri, dan sudah bisa bersosialisasi dengan orang di sekitarnya. Selanjutnya orangtua (ibu) peserta didik cukup terlibat langsung dalam proses kegiatan belajar anak, baik di sekolah maupun di rumah. Walaupun ada sebagian ibu belum maksimal mendampingi anak dalam proses pembelajaran, karena adanya kesibukan di rumah dan di luar rumah.
Implementasi Permainan Finger Board Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak
Authors: Haniyah Cut Nurul , Hayati Nurlaila , Sitorus Fazra Khaliana , Khadijah Khadijah
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan memahami proses penerapan bermain finger board untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 anak perempuan dan 2 anak laki-laki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan bermain finger board dapat menjadi alternatif yang dapat dilakukan para pendidik untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak, yang mana pelaksanan pembelajaran ini dilakukan secara beulang-ulang. Oleh karena itu penggunaan finger board dalam meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak dapat ditindak lanjuti dan diaplikasikan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa finger board dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak.
Pemberdayaan Pemuda Karang Taruna Desa Wiadarapayung Wetan Kabupaten Cilacap Melalui Pelatihan Membatik
Authors: Dwityaningsih Rosita , Harjanto Taufan Ratri , Bahri Saipul , Mardiyana Mardiyana , Ulikaryani Ulikaryani
Published: August 2022

Indonesia is the owner of an inscription certificate from UNESCO regarding the recognition of “The Representative List of The Intangible Culture Heritage of Humanity” for batik. This has an impact on increasing batik production due to increasing demand both from within the country and from abroad. However, there are problems in fulfilling the demand for batik. One of the problems is a decrease of skilled workers in batik especially for “batik tulis”. One that is experiencing a shortage of skilled workers is batik production in Cilacap Regency. Therefore, we empower the youth of the Widarapayung Wetan Village youth community by providing batik training. The purpose of this activity is to increase the interest of young people to pursue batik skills as well as to fulfil batik skilled workers. The results of a survey conducted at the end of the community service activity 80% of respondents agreed and 20% strongly agreed to explore batik skills.
EVALUATION OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF ELEMENTARY TEACHER TRAINEES
Authors: Jeba A. , Swamydhas P.
Published: August 2022

The present investigation aimed at studying the level of Emotional Intelligence and whether Gender inuences the
Emotional Intelligence of Elementary Teacher Trainees. Normative Survey Method was adopted for the study. The
sample of the study consisted of 526 - Elementary Teacher Trainees. Emotional intelligence of the Elementary Teacher Trainees was assessed by
using Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EII) and was constructed and validated by Dr. P. Anna Raja and Antony Raja (2010). Using percentage
analysis and 't'- test the data were analyzed. From the ndings of the study it was found that the level of Emotional Intelligence and its dimensions
Self-Awareness, Self-Management, Social–Awareness and Relationship-Management among the Elementary Teacher Trainees are moderate.
The study also revealed that there is no signicant difference exists between Male and Female Elementary Teacher Trainees in the mean scores of
Emotional Intelligence and its dimensions Self-Awareness, Self-Management, Social-Awareness, and Relationship Management.
TO STUDY THE VARIATIONS OF RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE IN THYROID SURGERY
Authors: Kashyap S.K. , Yadav Jitendra Singh , Niti Niti
Published: August 2022

Background – Traumato RLN in thyroid surgery is a fearful deadly complication which can be avoided by having
knowledge about various anatomical variations that the nerve has. The present hospital basedMaterial and Methods –
prospective study was conducted over 50 cases undergoing thyroid surgery, those who were admitted under Department of Otorhinolaryngology
at Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi (U.P.) of both sex. The study aimed at determining the variations of recurrent laryngealAim -
nerve in thyroid surgery. –RLN can have various branching pattern, variable position, course of nerve and tracheal deviation.All theseResult
variations increases the incidence of trauma to RLN. In this study, we conclude that the chances of damage increases if patient hasConclusion -
one or more than one of these variations. So the preoperative knowledge of these variations will help to avoid damage to RLN.
A RARE CASE OF ACUTE MARCHIAFAVA BIGNAMI IN CHRONIC ALCOHOLIC MALE
Authors: M. Kadri Naim , V. Vaishnav Pratvi , N. Parmar Riddhi , N. Shah Jay
Published: August 2022

Marchiafava Bignami is a rare disorder occurring in chronic alcoholics and malnourished individuals. Clinical
presentations include seizures, apraxia, demetia, and comatose state. It is diagnosed by specic MRI abnormalities.
Treatment is usually with supplementation of micronutrients and supportive care. It is associated with poor prognosis.
A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF ALVARADO SCORING SYSTEM IN PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS.
Authors: Balraj N. , Sirasu Madhukar , Madhu P.
Published: August 2022

Aim: To study the Alvarado Scoring System in diagnosing acute appendicitis.usefulness of Alvarado Scoring System in
cutting down the rate- of negative Appendicectomy without increasing morbidity and mortality. Material and methods:
Study was carryout in the Govt.General Hospital,Nizamabad with Patients with symptoms & signs of acute appendicitis and suspected enough to
warrant surgery for acute appendicitis. The application of this scoring system improves diagnostic accuracy and consequently reducesResults:
negative appendicectomy and thus reduces complication rates. This study shows that Alvarado scoring system can be used toConclusion:
diagnose acute appendicitis in the emergency department. It is easy and quick to apply. It also allows observation and re-observation regarding
clinical behaviour of patient, whether or not to intervene for surgery.
SHORT IMPLANTS IN POSTERIOR JAWS– A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: G C Gahana , M K Sruthi , Bhat Srinidhi
Published: August 2022

One of the greatest challenges that dentists face today is to rehabilitate severe atrophied alveolar ridges in partially and completely edentulous
patients with implants. Loss of bone volume at the level of the posterior maxilla and mandible can complicate rehabilitation with implants, since it
leads to a reduction in the distance to the maxillary sinus and the inferior alveolar nerve, respectively. Various techniques have been used for many
years to avoid damaging these structures, such as alveolar ridge augmentation procedures, bone grafting, tooth nerve transposition, or even
zygomatic implants. An alternative to these surgical treatments is the use of short implants in areas where bone availability is reduced.
ASSOCIATION OF SERUM ALBUMIN WITH ANTITUBERCULER THERAPY (ATT) INDUCED HEPATOXICITY
Authors: Kaushal Shivkumar , Agrawal Shailesh , Agrawal Shobhana , Bhargava Salil
Published: August 2022

Background: Anti tuberculosis therapy (ATT) induced liver injury, a common serious adverse drug reaction, is one of the most challenging clinical
problems, cause of hospitalization and life- threatening events. Various risk factors have been found to be associated with drug induced hepatitis
(DIH) in general population. This study aimed to determine the risk factors, particularly low serum albumin associated with the DIH among the
patients of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In this cross sectional study, 30 patients diagnosed with ATT induced hepatitisMethod:
were included and their serum albumin levels were observed. Standard diagnostic criteria were applied for diagnosis of ATT induced hepatitis.
Serum albumin levels along with age, gender and alcoholic status of patients with diagnosed DIH were noted. Out of 30 patients studied, 7Result:
were females and 23 were males. 19 (63.33%) were ≥ 35 years and 11(36.67%) were <35 years of age. 8 patients had extrapulmonary tuberculosis
and 22 patients had pulmonary tuberculosis. Out of 22 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 14 (63.64%) patients and out of 8 patients of
extrapulmonary tuberculosis, 4 (50%) patients had serum albumin level <3.5 g/dl. Conclusion: Low serum albumin is a risk factor for development
of ATT drug induced hepatitis.