bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efectividad de un programa “NEUROTRIZ” para la estimulación de las funciones ejecutivas asociadas a la motricidad fina en estudiantes de una universidad privada
Authors: Acosta Torrado Kelly Nataly , Antolinez Sarmiento Grecia Fabiana , Silva Monsalve Gloria , Sarmiento Rangel Stephanie
Published: July 2024

La presente investigación tiene como finalidad explicar la estructuración y desarrollo de un programa para la estimulación de las funciones ejecutivas y la motricidad fina. MÉTODO: En relación con este estudio y con las variables de datos recolectadas se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño pre-experimental, de corte comparativo y longitudinal en un contexto universitario privado. RESULTADOS: Los resultados permitieron evidenciar que no existen diferencias significativas en los resultados del pretest y postest. Sin embargo, se encontraron variaciones pequeñas en los puntajes medidos. ANÁLISIS Y DISCUSIÓN: El análisis de los datos y el desarrollo de los objetivos propuestos sugieren que el modelo experimental requiere más tiempo para generar un cambio significativo en los participantes. CONCLUSIONES: Debido a los resultados obtenidos, se deja en evidencia la necesidad de contribuir de manera didáctica en el desarrollo integral del individuo en sus competencias emocionales, cognitivas y motrices.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Noni Leaves (Morinda citrifolia L.) Ethanol Extract Ointment Against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria
Authors: Arifin Arifin , Djide Natsir , Muhtar Mardiyana
Published: July 2024

Noni leaves (MorindacitrifoliaL.) are known to provide antibacterial properties and can be used in ointment formulations to prevent or eliminate germs that might cause infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus. This research aimedto formulate an ointment containing noni leaf ethanol extract that fulfills the physical quality test standards and to determine the antibacterial activity of various concentrations of ethanol extract of noni leaves in ointment preparations against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The extraction technique employed was maceration with 96% ethanol. The extracted substance was formulated into ointments with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10%. The antibacterial activity of the ointment was evaluated using the agar diffusion method with wells. Organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, and adhesion tests demonstrated that the ointment at the three concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% satisfied the physical quality test standards. The antibacterial activity test revealed that a 96% ethanol extract of noni leaves inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with the maximum diameter of the inhibition zone at a concentration of 10% (15.26 mm) and was classified as strong.
The Effect of Combination of Porang Tuber Starch (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) with Lactose on the Physical Properties of Bajakah Root (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) Water Extract’s Tablet
Authors: Ermawati Dian Eka , Tambunan Rido Rohana , Darojati Ulfa Afrinurfadhilah
Published: July 2024

Kalimantan's people drink bajakah roots as a traditional medicine to restore stamina and treat various diseases. The infusion is less practical and unstable, so it was developed into a tablet. Porang is a local tuber that contains amylum and amylopectin. The combination of starch-lactose has been widely used as a tablet filler and produces tablets with good physical properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of porang starch-lactose on the granules and tablets' physical properties. Bajakah roots were infused and dried using a freeze-dryer. The antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH method. Tablets of bajakah root water extract were made with a 1:1 porang tuber starch-lactose ratio using the dry granulation. Physical evaluations of granules and tablets were conducted, including flow rate, angle of repose of granules, and weight uniformity, hardness, friability, and disintegration time of tablets. Porang tubers-lactose with a ratio of 1:1 produced tablets with good evaluation results with a granule flow rate of 9.70±0.92 g/s and an angle of repose of 26.15±1.79°. Uniformity of tablet weight met acceptance value, with hardness of 5.38±0.90 Kg, friability of 0.26±0.05%, and disintegration of 10.60±1.33 min. Porang tuber fulfills the requirements of a good tablet filler and can be developed as a tablet filler.
Implementation of Hospital Management Information Systems: Obstacles and Challenges (Case Study at Santo Antonio Baturaja Hospital)
Authors: Sumiyem Sr. M. Karla , Hartayu TB. Titien Siwi
Published: July 2024

The Hospital Information System (HIS) handles and integrates the entire flow of hospital services. This study aimed to identify factors that affect the effectiveness and efficiency of HIS implementation and select strategies that can be used to overcome the inhibiting factors. In-depth interviews were used in this study with a qualitative and case-study strategy. The respondents were 26 officers selected by non-random purposive sampling. Data analysis used triangulation of in-depth interviews, document observations, and observations of HIS implementation. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. The results showed that the positive behavior of officers, leadership support, and officer abilities supported the implementation of HIS. However, there are still obstacles due to the attitude of officers and management policies. From document observations, it was found that officers had incorrect input, doubled input, and forgotten input. Due to a lack of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and guidelines for implementing HIS, observations on its deployment revealed inconsistent data input. The strategy suggested to deal with the barriers included designing monitoring programs, creating SOPs, conducting extensive socializing programs, and conducting training programs to enhance officers' soft skills. It is clear that Human Resources play a crucial role for the effectiveness of HIS implementation.
Computational Studies of Donepezil and Acetylcholinesterase Dynamics Interactions
Authors: Windah Axl Laurens Lukas , Istyastono Enade Perdana
Published: July 2024

Donepezil is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor commonly used as an anti-dementia medication for patients with Alzheimer's Disease. This research aims to determine the stability of each enantiomer R and S of donepezil as an AChE inhibitor using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The MD simulations were performed on a Cloud Protein Simulator (CPS) with YASARA-Structure as the main software and PyPLIF HIPPOS as the software to identify protein-ligand interactions. The MD simulations were performed in three replications of 50 ns for each enantiomer complexed to AChE. The stabilities of the AChE-donepezil complexes were analyzed by assessing the root-mean-squared deviation (RMSD) values of the AChE backbone atoms (RMSDBb) and the ligand (RMSDLigMov) during the last 5 ns of simulation time. The dynamics of the protein-ligand interactions were also analyzed during the last 5 ns. The results of these MD simulations indicate that the S-donepezil serves as a better AChE inhibitor compared to the R-donepezil.
Isolation and Protein Profile of Chicken, Pork and Processed Products Nugget with Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) Method
Authors: Orbayinah Salmah , Widada Hari , Anindita Nosa Septiana , Mohdar Adhe Filiyahtri
Published: July 2024

Chicken nuggets are known as a nutritious processed meat food ingredient and are widely available in supermarkets and are very popular with consumers. Nugget is made by mixing it with various other additives, so that it raises a bit of concern about the ingredients used in terms of halal. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the protein profile of chicken, pork, nugget references, and nugget commercials. The method used in this study is an experimental laboratory analysis of variables using SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis). The data were obtained from observing the description of protein bands, calculations were carried out using linear regression, and descriptive analysis was carried out. The results of this study showed 4 protein bands in pork that were not found in chicken meat with a molecular weight of 62.95 kDa, 41.86 kDa, 31.28 kDa and 17.46 kDa. Based on the protein fraction, the protein referred to as BM 31.28 kDa is Tropomyosin and BM 17.46 kDa is Troponin C. Nugget reference shows similarities to the protein bands found in pork, whereas nugget commercially did not show specific similarity.
Teachers’ Perceptions of Electronic Corrective Feedback and its Impact on EFL Learners’ Uptake
Authors: Suhail Asiri Atheer , Abdulrahman Khadawardi Hanadi
Published: July 2024

The present study investigates EFL teachers’ perceptions of electronic corrective feedback in Saudi Arabia and the impact of electronic feedback on students’ learning process. It also seeks to elucidate the benefits and limitations of using electronic feedback through the Madrasati platform on students’ writing. The significance of this study lies in its exploration of the evolving landscape of educational technology in Saudi Arabian EFL teaching and learning providing insights to optimize feedback practices and enhance professional development, policy making, and student outcomes. The study addresses two primary questions: a) what are EFL teachers’ perceptions of electronic corrective feedback? b) which types and methods of electronic feedback did teachers utilize the most and were found effective? This research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing a questionnaire to gather data. The study sample comprised 141 EFL teachers from public secondary and high schools in Saudi Arabia. Several significant conclusions were drawn from the study. Firstly, the results indicated a high level of satisfaction with the benefits of electronic corrective feedback among Saudi Arabian teachers; they highly value the feedback provided by this method. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Madrasati platform emerged as the most frequently used tool, as teachers were initially mandated to utilize it for delivering feedback. The findings revealed that Saudi EFL teachers identified explanation and description as the most effective forms of correction. Furthermore, the study’s results demonstrated that Saudi teachers did not believe electronic corrective feedback would impede their ability to provide adequate student feedback. The study also discussed several pedagogical implications and recommendations.
A Content Analysis of Lesson Starters in English Language YouTube Videos
Authors: Ismael Faqe Abdulla Baraat
Published: July 2024

This content analysis examines the use of lesson starters in English-language instructional videos on YouTube. Lesson starters, known as icebreakers or warm-up activities, are commonly used to engage learners, create a positive atmosphere, and introduce new topics. This study aims to identify the types of lesson starters used and their effectiveness in engaging learners in English-language learning. The main research question is what is the impact of incorporating effective lesson starters in English-language instructional videos? A thorough review of a sample of English language YouTube videos covering various topics and targeting different proficiency levels will be conducted. The study adopts qualitative and quantitative content analysis to show the effectiveness of lesson starters. The findings will shed light on the prevalence of different lesson starters used in these videos and provide insights into their impact on learners’ engagement and motivation. This research contributes to developing pedagogical practices and resources that enhance the English language learning experience through effective lesson starters, and it can serve as a foundation for further research because of the lack of research in this area.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Demand for Online Ojek Transportation (Go-Jek) in Cirebon City
Authors: Kusmawarni Anisa , Nasir Abdul
Published: July 2024

With the increasing number of public transportation users in Indonesia and accompanied by increasingly sophisticated technology, communication and information facilities, it makes it easier for people in all activities. The existence of online motorcycle taxi transportation makes it very easy for the public. This study aims to determine the benefits of online transportation in digital and analyze  the factors that affect the demand for online motorcycle taxis (go-jek) in Cirebon City. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study are that there are several benefits of online transportation in the digital world, such as streamlining time, being safer and facilitating transactions. Then several factors that affect the demand for online motorcycle taxis (Go-jek) in the city of Cirebon are price, income, promotion and service quality.
The Use of Information Technology in Improving the Tiktokshop Online Business
Authors: Andriyani Wina , Wadud Abdul Muizz
Published: July 2024

This research was conducted to find out the benefits of information technology in improving online business in TikTok. In the corporate world, information technology has developed rapidly. This company uses information technology to increase the growth of the company itself. Looking at the current information technology has been used by various fields, including in the economic field. As we know that currently, TikTok is one of the applications that is frequently visited by the public, in 2022 the number of TikTok visitors will reach 62.52% or 1.46 billion visitors, this figure has increased compared to last year. With advances in technology, nowadays many people make purchases, one of which is through the tiktok application. Tiktok is not just for entertainment, but now Tiktok has launched the Tiktokshop feature. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method with literature study data collection techniques, so that data can be obtained through related journals, books, or other reference materials. Tiktok is one of the e-commerce platforms in Indonesia which has become a business opportunity by developing into a popular digital marketing tool. Through tiktok, someone can sell the desired item by using various digital marketing strategies. The marketing strategy commonly used in TikTok is through advertising and video content.
The Effect of Marketing Mix on Consumer Loyalty at Alfamart Lengkong
Authors: Fadila Sarah , Layaman Layaman
Published: July 2024

The marketing mix refers to a series of actions or strategies used by a company consisting of product, price, promotion and place to build and market products to customers and them determine the level of marketing succes to get the desired response from the target market. Consumer loyalty is the result of companies offering benefits to customers so that they make repeat purchases or continue to make more purchases. The purpose of this study was to determine wheter the marketing mix includes product, price, promotion and place has an effect on consumer loyalty at Alfamart Lengkong, Sindangwangi – Majalengka. The sampling method for this survey used accidental sampling, all consumers of Alfamart Lengkong were found radomly and met the requirements as respondents, and the analytical method was used multiple linear regression analysis. The result of this study indicate that product, promotion and place partially have a significant effect on consumer loyalty while price has no significant effect. The variabels of product, price, promotion and place simultaneously have a significant effect on consumer loyalty. Given the weak effect of price on consumer loyalty, management must pay attention in the company’s marketing plan.
Analysis of Social Media Marketing Strategy Through Instagram in Increasing Consumer Buying Interest in Jjstorecirebon Store
Authors: Luthfiyyah Vivi , Faozi Moh. Mab’ruri
Published: July 2024

This study aims to find out how the marketing strategy via Instagram has been implemented by Jjstorecirebon Stores to increase consumer buying interest, what obstacles have been faced in implementing the marketing strategy so far at Jjstorecirebon Stores, and which marketing strategies can attract consumers to buy at Jjstorecirebon Stores. This study uses a descriptive research method design using a qualitative approach, namely the observation method and conducting interviews at the research site at the Jjstorecirebon store. The results of the study show that Jjstorecirebon stores apply a marketing strategy to their products using STP (Segmenting, Targeting and Positioning) values. The strategy in the marketing mix applied by Jjstorecirebon Stores is the product strategy for Jjstorecirebon Stores to provide the best and guaranteed product quality, in setting prices on products, adjusting to prices on the market, the promotion strategy carried out by Jjstorecirebon Stores is promoting it through various social media and being in strategic location and easy to reach by consumers. The obstacles faced by jjstorecirebon stores in implementing marketing strategies, namely competition in marketing cosmetic products became tight and some of the cosmetic products sold by jjstorecirebon stores were less attractive to consumers. In attracting consumer buying interest, and experiencing an increase in the implementation of promotional strategies through social media.
Faktor Determinan Kualitas Audit pada Auditor Inspektorat Daerah Kota dan Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Priyanti Diana Nurramadhani , Djuwita Diana , Yusuf Ayus Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Audit yang berkualitas sangat diperlukan untuk menjaga kepercayaan publik dan sangat penting bagi para pengguna informasi karena dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar pengambilan keputusan. Kualitas audit yang dilakukan oleh aparat Inspektorat Kabupaten/Kota Cirebon masih menjadi sorotan karena masih banyak temuan audit yang tidak terdeteksi oleh aparat Inspektorat sebagai auditor internal, namun ditemukan oleh auditor eksternal, yaitu Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh (1) pengaruh kompetensi auditor terhadap kualitas audit, (2) pengalaman auditor terhadap kualitas audit, (3) etika auditor terhadap kualitas audit, (4) pendidikan auditor terhadap kualitas audit. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah auditor yang bekerja di Inspektorat Daerah Kota Cirebon dan Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Cirebon. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah korelasi rank spearman dan uji signifikansi korelasi rank. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat tingkat hubungan yang rendah, pengaruh positif dan signifikan kompetensi auditor terhadap kualias audit. Terdapat tingkat hubungan yang kuat, pengaruh positif dan signifikan pengalaman auditor terhadap kualias audit. Terdapat tingkat hubungan yang cukup, pengaruh positif dan signifikan etika auditor terhadap kualitas audit. Terdapat tingkat hubungan yang cukup, pengaruh positif dan signifikan pendidikan auditor terhadap kualitas audit.
Protests in urban environments: review and research agenda
Authors: Kowalewski Maciej , Ostrowski Marek
Published: July 2024

Although knowledge about the role of space in the field of social movement studies is already well established, it is rarely discussed within the framework of urban spatial design (with some important exceptions). We consider not only how political power is related to architectural design in urban environments but also how it is performed (and contested) during protests within these spaces. We argue that urban spatial planning should address the dual nature of street demonstrations. Public assemblies are seen as symbols of democracy, but they are also disruptive and may turn into riots. This tension is evident along two design lines: facilitating and obstructing street demonstrations in a built-up urban environment. In our essay, we show that street protests are an immanent part of neoliberal democracy, and that cities cannot avoid street demonstrations or simply exclude them in the design process.
Accessibility of green infrastructure at the city scale on the example of Łomża and Siedlce
Authors: Romańczak Anna , Bratkowski Jakub , Sadowski Maciej
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research was to learn the possibility of using the selected indicator method to assess the local adaptation to climate change by using city green infrastructure (GI). Close access to the public green areas from a place of residence has been recognized as a potential measure to achieve more just and equitable adaptation to climate change within the city. The rationale for adopting this approach is the significant impact of GI on improving the quality of life of residents. In the case study of the cities of Łomża and Siedlce, the method of assessing the availability of GI was analysed in two variants differing in the resources of green areas included. The accessibility of GI was determined using indicators describing the share of the city’s population having their residences in a designated walking distance zone from these areas; the degree of provision of GI areas within walking distance from homes; the degree of provision of green areas to the inhabitants throughout the city. In addition, analyses of the access structure for residents of GI within 300 meters were carried out in terms of the number and category of this type of places. The research results indicate the possibility of using presented accessibility indicators to assess actions related to GI at the stage of planning and monitoring the implementation of the urban adaptation strategy to climate change.
Climate change as the subject of citizens’ assemblies in Polish cities
Authors: Sobol Agnieszka
Published: July 2024

Citizens’ assemblies are a relatively new public planning process in Poland which can be implemented at all levels of administration. This article aims to present the citizens’ assembly as a tool for local development. Citizen consultations carried out in the deliberative formula of citizen assemblies in Polish cities were analysed. This article focuses on the substantive goals and results of the local deliberation process using the citizens’ assembly tool. This research covers all cities in Poland that implemented it. Taking into account the experience of Polish cities, the analysed period is 2013–2023. Of the identified processes, in-depth research covered those whose main theme was climate change. They include (in chronological order): Gdansk, Wroclaw, Warsaw, Krakow, Poznan, Lodz, and Rzeszow.
A Brief Study of the Negative Transfer of the Romanian Native Language to Chinese Phonetic Acquisition
Authors: Chen Kai
Published: July 2024

With the development of Chinese teaching in Romania, Chinese phonetic acquisition, as the foundation of further study, demands more research in teaching concepts and methods in digitalized generation for the traditional and emergent phonetics teaching challenges among teachers and students. Through the questionnaire and interview study, as well as the contrastive study of the Romanian and Chinese phonetic characteristics, this article demonstrates the negative transfer of Romanian in Chinese phonetic acquisition in the aspects of syllable tone, sentence intonation, initial and final consonants, and retroflex final. The acoustic software Praat visualizes the negative transfer of the native language in Chinese intonation. The suggestions are based on the findings, including the pronunciation correcting orientation and communication practice orientation curriculum, the long-term training of tone perception establishment, and the optimized teaching orders, which are explained for improving Chinese phonetic teaching in Romania.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AL-MIFTAH LIL ULUM METHOD IN IMPROVING UNDERSTANDING OF NAHWU MTS TANWIRUL QULUB LAMONGAN
Authors: Rohmawaty Evy Nur , Abidin Munirul
Published: July 2024

Metode pembelajaran sangat penting dalam proses pembelajaran nahwu. Metode pembelajaran nahwu yang diterapkan di MTs Tanwirul Qulub Lamongan masih menggunakan metode konvensional sehingga menyebabkan permasalahan belajar pada siswa. siswa belum bisa memahami materi nahwu dengan baik, kesulitan dalam menghafalkan materi dan kesulitan dalam membuat contoh penggunaan kaidah-kaidah. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut dibutuhkan metode pembelajaran yang dan sesuai untuk mengatasai persoalan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas metode Al-Miftah Lil Ulum dalam meningkatkan pemahaman nahwu siswa kelas VIII. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan quasi-eksperimental. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII MTs. Tanwirul Qulub. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan tes, lembar observasi, dan lembar dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Teknik deskriptif komparatif dan uji-t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai uji-t pada nilai t-hitung sebesar 3.289 t-tabel dan nilai sig.(2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 artinya 0,05. Hal ini kemudian dijadikan dasar dalam melakukan uji hipotesis yang berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima yang berarti penerapan metode AL-Miftah Lil Ulum efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman nahwu dibanding metode konvensional pada siswa kelas VIII MTs Tanwirul Qulub Lamongan.
تأثير استخدام الوسائط السّمعيّة والبصريّة في إتقان المفردات العربيّة
Authors: Hasnah Nur - , Refdianti Afrina , Febrianta Rita , Mohamed Daud Mohamed Daud
Published: July 2024

The research is motivated by the low mastery of Arabic language mufradat by Islamic Religious Education (PAI) students at UIN Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi. Meanwhile، mufradat is very influential on students' proficiency in Arabic because mufradat is one of the components of Arabic. PAI students are required to understand Arabic because there are many courses whose reference books use Arabic such as Qawaid Imla '، Educational Manuscript Studies، Tahsin Al-Qur'an، Arabic Calligraphy، Fiqh Muamalat، etc. This study aims to determine the effect of audio-visual media on the mastery of mufradat of PAI students. This type of research is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design method. Data were taken from the results of the pre test and post test in the control and experimental classes. After the data was processed using SPSS، the data obtained were not normally distributed. Therefore، to test the hypothesis، a nonparametric test was carried out، namely the Wilcoxon test. From the results of this test، it can be obtained a significance of 0.000 which is small from 0.05 with an error level of 5%، so according to the basis for decision making in the Wilcoxon test it can be say that Ha is accepted، that is، there is a significant effect of using audio-visual media on the mastery of mufradat of PAI students.
¿Qué objetivos motivacionales buscan satisfacer los argentinos fuera y dentro de sus trabajos?
Authors: Genoud María Andrea
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo describe los resultados de una investigación de naturaleza cualitativa, sobre los valores humanos básicos y laborales argentinos, en el marco de un contexto mundial globalizado. Un mejor diagnóstico axiológico coyuntural permitirá repensar cómo forjar procesos educativos en gestión más responsables, más comprometidos con el largo plazo, facilitando la articulación de desarrollos económico- sociales no solo rentables sino sustentables.
Colombia: guerra, poder y negociación
Authors: Salazar Boris
Published: July 2024

Lo que está en juego en el conflicto armado colombiano es el poder. El recién terminado proceso de negociaciones entre el gobierno y las Farc ocultó, aunque no del todo, los esfuerzos de fortalecimiento militar en que se empeñaron las dos partes. Hoy hay una nueva situación estratégica a partir de la cual puede esperarse que la guerrilla acepte deponer el uso de las armas y diluir su organización militar, máxima concesión relativa, a cambio de hacer parte del nuevo reparto de poder resultante, máximo beneficio relativo. Una propuesta razonable de negociación debe partir de considerar los beneficios mutuos de las partes y la exclusión de la mesa de los productos de la depredación. La idea de comprar a los agentes violentos es una forma de iniciar la concreción de este tipo de enfoque.
La resistencia civil en caliente: una contribución a la pacificación del conflicto en Colombia
Authors: Hernández Lara Jorge
Published: July 2024

La oleada de eventos de resistencia civil en medio de acciones armadas que se presentó en Colombia entre el 12 de noviembre de 2001 y el 2 de marzo de 2002, la mayor parte de los cuales ocurrió en poblaciones del departamento del Cauca, es un buen modo de contribuir a la pacificación del conflicto, sin negarlo. En aquellos lugares en que esto tuvo éxito existían condiciones bastante particulares, de tal manera que no es posible esperar que se presenten de la misma forma en otras partes del país, en las cuales se carezca de tradición comunitaria en la acción colectiva, se desconozca la forma específica de acción de los grupos armados irregulares y no haya proyectos colectivos de construcción de sociedad. De todas maneras, falta mucho para que se pase de la resistencia civil a la No Violencia, aún allí donde la primera ha tenido éxito.
Hacia una nueva visión de la política social en América Latina: desmontando mitos
Authors: Kliksberg Bernardo
Published: July 2024

El trabajo se refiere a la situación social que impera hoy en día en América Latina. En primer lugar, construye un cuadro de los delicados problemas sociales que afronta la región: la pobreza, el desempleo, la situación de la infancia, la salud, el cerramiento de la movilidad social, la degradación de la familia, inseguridad y la desigualdad. En segundo lugar, describe y critica los mitos que alrededor de la política social se han construido y difundido y trata de mostrar algunos de los impactos regresivos que tienen estos mitos sobre la efectividad de dicha política. En tercer lugar, llama la atención, como conclusión, acerca de la necesidad de una “ética de la urgencia” que obligue a actuar de inmediato frente a una situación que no admite más aplazamientos.
Estructura y evolución del desempleo en el área metropolitana de Cali, 1988-1998: ¿existe histeresis?
Authors: Castellar Carlos E. , Uribe José Ignacio
Published: July 2024

Aquí hay un análisis de los componentes estructurales del desempleo: tasa de entrada o frecuencia del desempleo y duración media del mismo. Luego se hace el análisis de la existencia de raíces unitarias en la serie tasa de desempleo. La hipótesis de histéresis en el desempleo, tanto absoluta como parcial, resulta rechazada por la evidencia empírica. Un uso inadecuado del test de Dickey y Fuller puede llevar a la conclusión contraria, cuando sólo se consideran procesos lineales en el contraste. La inexistencia de una raíz unitaria se mantiene para la tasa de entrada, el tiempo medio de búsqueda y la duración media del desempleo. Estas variables pueden representarse bien con procesos de tendencia determinística lineal, quebrada o cuadrática.
El servicio doméstico en Colombia a principios del siglo XX bajo la mirada de una mujer protestante
Authors: Castro Beatriz
Published: July 2024

The Least of These in Colombia , publicado en 1918 y escrito por Maude Newell Williams, esposa de un misionero protestante norteamericano en tareas de evangelización por estas tierras. A partir del libro –un texto sin mayores pretensiones literarias o científicas, escrito con gran simpatía hacia quienes fueron sus propios servidores–, el artículo insiste en una de las características que al parecer definen este tipo de relación social: la particular combinación de cercanía y distancia que permite que el subalterno penetre hasta los rincones más íntimos de la existencia de sus patronos y termine involucrado en un universo familiar y en un mundo de afectos, pero en el marco de una relación social que reproduce día tras día la dominación.
Las reglas del arte: génesis y estructura del campo literario
Authors: Sevilla Casas Elías
Published: July 2024

Las reglas del arte: génesis y estructura del campo literario
Entre el estigma y la invisibilidad: inmigrantes colombianos en Holanda
Authors: Zaitch Damián
Published: July 2024

Este artículo describe las diferentes fases y modalidades a partir de las que han llegado los emigrantes colombianos a las principales ciudades holandesas. Tras presentar algunas de sus características socio-demográficas, el texto muestra las principales actividades productivas y sociales que estos inmigrantes desarrollan en Holanda y hace énfasis en algunas de sus peculiaridades por medio de la comparación con otras poblaciones de inmigrantes en este mismo país. Finalmente, describe algunas de las dificultades vividas durante el proceso de su recepción e inserción en la sociedad holandesa y las nuevas dinámicas que experimentan los hijos de estos inmigrantes.
La Playboy: la participación de hombres y mujeres en una pandilla juvenil de Siloé, Cali
Authors: Domínguez Marta
Published: July 2024

En este texto se analiza la naturaleza diferencial de la participación de hombres y mujeres en las pandillas juveniles a través del estudio de caso de una pandilla del barrio Siloé (Cali, Colombia). Asumiendo una perspectiva de género, y a partir de los datos recogidos mediante trabajo etnográfico, se muestran las formas particulares de participación de hombres y mujeres en estos grupos y se describen las interacciones cotidianas tanto en las pandillas como con respecto a otros residentes en el barrio y a grupos rivales. Todo ello a la luz de una pregunta general sobre el carácter de las soluciones que dan las pandillas a las contradicciones socioeconómicas y de las expectativas de vida, diferenciadas por género, que la participación en estas agrupaciones ofrecen a los jóvenes.
Formas de acción colectiva contra la guerra en el movimiento indígena del suroccidente colombiano
Authors: Hernández Lara Jorge
Published: July 2024

A partir de 1999, la resistencia civil contra la guerra, sus efectos y quienes la protagonizan, se convirtió para las comunidades indígenas del suroccidente colombiano en el componente principal de un nuevo ciclo de resistencia global contra todas las adversidades que las afectan. El ciclo se produjo a raíz de cambios en la estructura de oportunidades políticas, especialmente por divisiones entre las elites gubernamentales, nuevas actitudes de la insurgencia armada y, como consecuencia de lo anterior, la creación de condiciones inéditas para afirmar la autonomía entre los indígenas. Las modalidades que adoptó la resistencia pueden analizarse como formas de acción colectiva pertenecientes a un repertorio singular, con marcos de significado y tramas organizativas igualmente especiales, con resultados notables y por ahora parciales.
Testamentos Indígenas de Santafé de Bogotá, siglos XVI-XVII
Authors: Silva Renán
Published: July 2024

Testamentos Indígenas de Santafé de Bogotá, siglos XVI-XVII
¿Tiene efectos la responsabilidad externa en los indicadores educacionales de los alumnos Un analisis entre los estados de los EE.UU.
Authors: Carnoy Martin , Loeb Susanna
Published: July 2024

El artículo evalúa el impacto que las políticas nacionales de implementación de sistemas de evaluación del desempeño de los estudiantes de bachillerato tiene en los diferentes estados que componen los Estados Unidos. A partir de los resultados del estudio, se ofrecen orientaciones sobre la factibilidad de este tipo de evaluaciones a la hora de introducir mejoras en el sistema educativo, siempre y cuando se tengan en consideración las variaciones en su impacto de acuerdo al tipo de poblaciones de que se trata.
Cultura, imágenes urbanas y espectáculo. A propósito del ecumenismo multicultural de la Barcelona del Fórum 2004
Authors: Pujadas Joan
Published: July 2024

Cultura, imágenes urbanas y espectáculo. A propósito del ecumenismo multicultural de la Barcelona del Fórum 2004
Entre las reformas y el conflicto: Economía, conflicto y gobernabilidad en Colombia
Authors: Castillo María del Pilar
Published: July 2024

Entre las reformas y el conflicto: Economía, conflicto y gobernabilidad en Colombia
Del espejo roto al kaleidoscopio
Authors: Thomas Florence
Published: July 2024

Del espejo roto al kaleidoscopio
Norbert Elías y la teoría del símbolo
Authors: Valencia Gutiérrez Alberto
Published: July 2024

El artículo intenta presentar las principales ideas del libro Teoría del símbolo del sociólogo y filósofo alemán Norbert Elias, a partir de la manera cómo se elaboran y desarrollan en este texto, en la reflexión sobre el simbolismo, una serie de oposiciones: biología y sociología, materialismo e idealismo, la evolución biológica y el desarrollo social, el lenguaje animal y el lenguaje humano, los elementos sociales y orgánicos del desarrollo del lenguaje. Se trata de valorar la contribución de Elias a la construcción moderna de una teoría del símbolo con base en su idea de transformar la teoría del conocimiento en una sociología del conocimiento.
El Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD) y su dirigencia fraccionada
Authors: Martínez González Víctor Hugo
Published: July 2024

Este artículo analiza el caso del Partido mexicano PRD (Partido de la Revolución Democrática). Estudia la evolución organizativa del PRD a partir de una propuesta de institucionalización distinta de las teorías clásicas para aplicar de manera menos estrecha este concepto a partidos sin una estructuración formalmente fuerte. Con esa perspectiva teórica, para la que la institucionalización partidaria no equivale necesariamente al desarrollo organizativo en términos de prácticas rutinizadas, el texto, al explicar la integración y funcionamiento de la dirigencia del PRD, muestra la capacidad de los acuerdos informales de este partido para permitir grados relativos de institucionalización en una dirigencia originaria y naturalmente dividida.
O sofrimento mental em estudantes de medicina e o papel das redes de apoio
Authors: Lopes Miguel Rassi Fernandes , Coelho Vithor Alexander Borges , Sousa Hellen Hansel de , Barros Jordana Lúcio de , Labre Luciana Vieira Queiroz
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Associar a percepção dos alunos com sofrimento mental frente às ferramentas de acolhimento do curso de medicina de uma instituição privada de ensino superior. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional com delineamento transversal qualitativo e quantitativo, realizado com 302 acadêmicos de medicina, de ambos os sexos, idade de 18 a 33 anos. Foi aplicado um questionário desenvolvido pelos pesquisadores (Questionário Saúde Mental Acolhimento Estudantil) e as respostas correlacionadas com o Self-Reporting Questionannaire-20. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por estatística descritiva com auxílio do software IBM SPSS Statistics. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética. Resultados: Dentre os participantes 52,3% apresentaram sofrimento mental, mas cerca de 74,5% nunca frequentaram a rede de apoio oferecida pela Universidade, sendo que 15,6% não tinham conhecimento dela. Além disso, os acadêmicos que mais buscaram acolhimento foram os do ciclo clínico e não houve diferença na forma como se sentiram recebidos, apesar dos diferentes perfis. Conclusão: Conclui-se que mais da metade dos entrevistados possuem sofrimento mental e os recursos de apoio são pouco utilizados.
Infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde por Klebsiella pneumoniae em pacientes oncológicos de um hospital de referência do Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Cruz Francileuza Ciríaco da , Lima Giovane Gualter , Veloso Dilbert Silva , Freitas Daniela Reis Joaquim de , Barreto Humberto Medeiros , Oliveira Suilane Coelho Ribeiro , Barbosa Sara Machado Miranda Leal , Ferreira Josie Haydée Lima
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Investigar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico dos pacientes oncológicos que desenvolveram infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS) por K. pneumoniae em um hospital de referência no nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo e descritivo, realizado no período de 2020 a 2022. Os dados foram obtidos por análise de prontuários eletrônicos. A produção de carbapenemases foi avaliada pelo NG-Test® CARBA-5. Resultados: Dos 111 pacientes oncológicos que desenvolveram IRAS, 26,4% foram ocasionadas por K. pneumoniae. A maioria dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino (52%), casados (48%), aposentados (41%) e com baixa escolaridade (73%).  As infecções piogênicas da corrente sanguínea foram o tipo de IRAS mais prevalente (41%) e câncer de cabeça e pescoço e de colo retal foram as topografias mais frequentes. Observou-se que 66% dos pacientes não haviam iniciado quimioterapia e a taxa de letalidade foi de 62%. A maioria dos isolados de K. pneumoniae eram multirresistentes, sendo caracterizados quatorze isolados produtores de ESBL e três produtores de carbapenemases. Conclusão: Este estudo destaca a importância do controle das infecções por K. pneumoniae em pacientes oncológicos e ressalta a necessidade de estratégias eficazes de prevenção das IRAS.
Prevalência e fatores etiológicos associados à doença crônica em crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Silva Lincon Ruan da , Jeronimo Bianca dos Santos , Ramos Thaynara Tavares Oliveira , Santos Sheila Milena Pessoa dos , Ludgério Muanna Jéssica Batista , Fernandes Juliana Andreia de Souza
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e os fatores etiológicos associados às doenças crônicas em crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo analítico transversal, com crianças e adolescentes em atendimento ambulatorial ou internamento em um hospital público de referência para o tratamento de doenças crônicas. Para a coleta de dados foi aplicado um formulário com questões sociodemográficas e clínicas para caracterização dos participantes. Os dados foram digitados no Excel e analisados pelo Statistical Package for the Social Science, versão 29, para realização da estatística descritiva, e no Stata, versão 64, para a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta para os fatores etiológicos associados às doenças crônicas. Resultados: A média de idade dos participantes foi de 6,16 ± 4,81 anos, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino (55,2%) e a prevalência de doenças crônicas foi de 42,7%. Dentre as variáveis estudadas, “tratamento” e “doenças crônicas” apresentaram significância estatística e foram associadas ao aumento da probabilidade de doenças crônicas. Conclusão: Os resultados do estudo permitiram a identificação de uma prevalência das doenças crônicas em crianças e adolescentes, assim como fatores etiológicos associados ao seu surgimento. O reconhecimento precoce desses fatores e a divulgação, permitem maior aptidão das equipes de saúde durante a assistência.
Crianças vulneráveis e sua percepção sobre saúde bucal
Authors: Silva Carolina Enemoto , Martins Ronald Jefferson , Moraes Ana Cláudia Rosa de Sá , Furtado Beatriz Alves , Nóbrega Júlia da Costa , Oliveira João Pedro de , Saliba Tânia Adas
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Verificar aspectos sociodemográficos das famílias de crianças em idade pré-escolar e crianças e adolescentes de 6 a 15 anos integrantes de um projeto social, além da percepção sobre aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal. Métodos: Foram analisadas as fichas cadastrais da Secretaria Municipal de Educação e da Associação Beneficente Amor e Cuidado, com informações sobre idade, sexo, recebimento de auxílio governamental, composição familiar, renda e escolaridade dos pais. Aplicou-se um questionário fechado e a Escala de Faces de Andrews sobre aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal. Resultados: A mãe (91%) e o pai (92%) estudaram até o ensino médio e estavam presentes no núcleo familiar em 45% dos casos. A renda familiar era entre 1 e 2 salários mínimos (46%) e 48% recebiam algum tipo de auxílio do governo, na maior parte bolsa família (92%). Na grande maioria dos casos, as crianças e adolescentes apresentavam percepções positivas sobre todas as questões da Escala de Faces. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os participantes do projeto social, especialmente os encaminhados pela assistência social, integram famílias de baixo nível socioeconômico e estão inseridos em um ambiente que pode dificultar a prevenção de doenças. Apesar disso, apresentam percepção positiva sobre aspectos relacionados a saúde bucal.
Incidência e mortalidade de leucemias e linfomas infantojuvenil em Mato Grosso
Authors: Souza Paulo César Fernandes de , Espinosa Mariano Martinez , Teixeira Maria Teresa Bustamante , Lima Fernanda Cristina da Silva de , Galvão Noemi Dreyer
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: analisar a tendência de incidência e mortalidade de leucemias e linfomas infantojuvenil, bem como estimar a sobrevida por meio da razão de mortalidade/incidência em Mato Grosso. Métodos: foram analisados dados do registro de câncer de base populacional de Mato Grosso de 2001 a 2017, e dados de mortalidade de 2001 a 2021 extraídos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. A análise consistiu em frequências, taxas de incidência ajustadas (TxA) por milhão e resultados da regressão de joinpoint. Estimativas de sobrevida foram calculadas por meio da razão de números de óbitos e de casos incidentes [1-(M:I)] de 2013 a 2017. Resultados: as leucemias representaram 67,7 % dos casos com uma TxA de incidência 29,9 e de 13,9 para os linfomas e a taxa de mortalidade, foi 18,0. Observou-se tendência de redução significativa na incidência de leucemias em ambos os sexos -4,0% e no sexo feminino -5,5%, enquanto a incidência de linfomas e a mortalidade permaneceram estáveis. As estimativas de sobrevida foram de 88% e 74% para leucemias e linfomas. Conclusão: as taxas de incidência, mortalidade e as estimativas de sobrevida foram intermediárias a contextos epidemiológicos de países de alta e média renda, apresentando redução significativa na incidência de leucemias.
Os impactos da ansiedade nos acadêmicos de medicina do Brasil
Authors: Sampaio Victor Fernando Santos , Tavares Ana Gabriela Rozendo Guimarães , Oliveira Cleibson Wlisses Silva , Serra Mariana Barreto
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência da ansiedade em acadêmicos de Medicina no Brasil. Revisão bibliográfica: Define-se ansiedade como o medo patológico de eventos futuros, ou seja, que estão fora da capacidade de controle do indivíduo, visto que só se pode interferir com ações em algo que acontece no momento presente. Além disso, na ansiedade generalizada, esse medo não possui um único objeto como foco, mas sim múltiplos temas que trazem mais complexidade ao quadro. Nos subtipos dos transtornos de ansiedade, há um direcionamento mais específico da emoção, como a agorafobia (cuja preocupação se centra na aversão a lugares abertos) ou a ansiedade por separação (cujo sofrimento advém pela ideia da separação entre o indivíduo afetado e algo ou alguém). Considerações finais: Ao iniciar a jornada universitária os estudantes de Medicina submetem-se a novos desafios que podem levá-los a um desgaste emocional, tornando-os suscetíveis ao surgimento ou agravamento da ansiedade. Dessa forma, observou-se que o estado de saúde mental está diretamente associado a aspectos como a presença ou não de resiliência, motivação, estratégias de aprendizado e chance de desistência.