bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Analysis of Industrial Green Development and Sustainable Cities in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Liu Ke , Jiang Huan , Zhou Qian
Published: May 2021

The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is an important ecological defense and economic zone in China and occupies a very important position in the economy and society of China. Premise condition of ecological protection and development of high quality in YRB is the greening of the industry. Based on the data of 35 cities in YRB in 2012, 2015, and 2018, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the industrial green development (IGD) and explores spatial differentiation characteristics of the IGD by the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) method. On this basis, this paper uses the geographical weighted regression (GWR) model to analyze the influencing factors. The results indicate the following: (1) in general, IGD in YRB shows an upward trend. (2) The Global Moran’s I index of IGD shows a small increase; the distribution of local spatial correlation is basically unchanged. (3) There are obvious regional differences in the influencing factors of IGD. The degree of influence of each factor on IGD is openness > industrial upgrading index > urbanization rate > science and technology expenditures > reduction rate of energy consumption.
Prognostic Impact of Ki-67 Change in Locally Advanced and Early Breast Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Single Institution Experience
Authors: Pistelli Mirco , Merloni Filippo , Crocetti Sonia , Scortichini Laura , Tassone Laura , Cantini Luca , Agostinelli Veronica , Bastianelli Lucia , Savini Agnese , Berardi Rossana
Published: May 2021

Systemic neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is a standard treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) and for selected early breast cancer (EBC). In these settings, the prognostic and predictive role of Ki-67 before and after NCT is unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate the prognostic role of Ki-67 change in patients not achieving pathological complete response (pCR). We retrospectively analyzed data of patients who did not achieve pCR assessing Ki-67 expression pre- and post-NCT. We stratified three groups: high reduction (>20%), low reduction (1–20%), and no reduction in Ki-67. These groups were correlated with clinical and pathological data by χ2 test. We estimated disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) using Kaplan–Meier method, and we adopted univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. We selected 82 patients from a database of 143 patients, excluding those who were metastatic at diagnosis, achieved pCR, or lack data regarding Ki-67. Median age at diagnosis was 54 years (range 30–75); 51 patients were Luminal B, 10 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) enriched, and 21 triple negative. A significant correlation between high Ki-67 reduction and luminal B HER-2-negative subtype was observed (

p
=
0,0035

). The change in Ki-67 was significantly associated with DFS (

p
=
0,0596

) and OS (

p
=
0,0120

), also at multivariate analysis (

p
=
0,0256

for DFS;

p
=
0,0093

for OS). In particular, as compared to patients with low/no reduction of Ki-67, those with high Ki-67 reduction (>20%) after NCT showed better survival (60% vs. 56% vs. 83% after 5 years from diagnosis, respectively;

p
=
0.01

). In conclusion, in our study, Ki-67 change showed a significant prognostic role in breast cancer patients treated with NCT who did not achieve pCR. Crucially, Ki-67 < 20% identifies a high-risk population that may be eligible for clinical trials with novel therapeutic interventions in adjuvant setting.
Differential Proteomics Analysis of the Subcutaneous Connective Tissues in Alcian Blue Tracks along Conception Vessel and Adjacent Nonmeridian in Rats
Authors: Song Xiaojing , Zhang Weibo , Jia Shuyong , Wang Shuyou , Wang Guangjun , Xiong Feng , Li Hongyan
Published: May 2021

In more than half a century, exploring the biological connotation of the meridians was one of the core components of scientific research studies in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Based on the previous works of low hydraulic resistance channel (LHRC) along meridians (LHRCM), the differential proteomics between the Alcian blue track (ABT) on LHRC along the conception vessel (CV) and nonmeridians tissue next to the CV were investigated in this study to explore the material basis and biological function of LHRCM. Proteomics based on LC-MS was introduced into the subcutaneous connective tissues (SCT) of ABT along the CV and the adjacent nonmeridian (1 cm from the CV). A total of 2328 proteins were identified from ABT along the CV and adjacent nonmeridian based on data-dependent acquisition (DDA) mode. In total, 1970 proteins were quantified based on the SWATH (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ions) label-free model, and the nonstandard and quantitative methods of MSALL were applied to analyze the data. There were 468 proteins differentially expressed. GO analytic results showed that the differential proteins were of varieties in molecular function and biological process. Most of differential proteins were involved in metabolic process, cellular process, response to hormone, and response to wounding. Further analysis showed that the upregulated differential proteins involved in ATP metabolism (ATP5E, GAPDH), redox reactions (Gpx-3), and Ca2+ transmembrane transport (CACNA2D1) were closely related to meridian phenomenon and acupuncture effect. These differential proteins would be potential characteristic proteins of the LHRC along the CV in rats which may be useful to deepen the knowledge on LHRCM.
Signal Nonstationary Degree Evaluation Method Based on Moving Statistics Theory
Authors: He Haoxiang , Cheng Shitao , Zhang Xiaofu
Published: May 2021

Nonstationary signal refers to the signal whose statistics change with time, and its nonstationary degree evaluation can provide effective support for the evaluation of the operating state of the signal source. This paper introduced a variety of typical signal global and local nonstationary degree evaluation methods and compared the applicable scope of different evaluation methods. In view of the limitations of the existing evaluation methods in the scope of application, considering the influence of adjacent signal points, this paper proposed the concepts and calculation methods of the moving mean, moving standard deviation, moving variation coefficient, and moving Hurst exponent based on the theory of moving statistics. According to different nonstationary degree evaluation methods, three different fields of signals (sinusoidal signal, mechanical fault signal, and ECG signal) are analyzed. The results show that, compared with the existing nonstationary degree evaluation methods, the signal nonstationary degree evaluation method proposed in this paper can reveal the time‐varying details of the nonstationary signals, with high precision and strong stability, and has unique advantages in nonstationary signal processing.
Effect of Topical Brimonidine 0.15% on Conjunctival Injection after Strabismus Surgery in Children
Authors: Kim Dong Hyun , Yang Hee Kyung , Han Sang Beom , Hwang Jeong-Min
Published: May 2021

Purpose. To investigate the effects of topical brimonidine 0.15% instillation on conjunctival injection after strabismus surgery in children. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed 63 Korean children who underwent strabismus surgery for intermittent exotropia. Patients received topical brimonidine 0.15% after surgery for up to 4 weeks. Conjunctival injection was objectively assessed using a software that automatically scored the region of interest from the image of the bulbar conjunctiva. Conjunctival injection scores were compared with those of the control group who were not prescribed topical brimonidine. Results. The mean scores of conjunctival injection after rectus muscle recession and resection were significantly lower in the brimonidine group than the controls at 4 weeks after surgery (

P
=
0.008
  and 
 
0.046

, respectively). There was no significant difference in intraocular pressure between the two groups. No adverse effects, such as dry mouth, fatigue/drowsiness, headache, sedation, hypotension, or bradycardia, were reported. Conclusions. Administration of topical brimonidine 0.15% after strabismus surgery is efficacious and safe in reducing postoperative conjunctival injection.
Clinical Features of Intestinal Ulcers Complicated by Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: Importance of Active Infection
Authors: Liu Yuyuan , Li Yuqin , Li Yajun , Wu Shuang , Tian Xinyue , Tang Tongyu , Sun Haibo , He Chuan
Published: May 2021

Clinical characteristics of intestinal ulcers complicated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection remain poorly studied. This study is aimed at providing further insight into clinical features of this patient cohort. The presence of serum EBV DNA was assessed in 399 patients with colonic ulcers, of which 30 cases were positive. In EBV-positive patients, the EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) was detected in intestinal tissues of 13 patients (EBER-positive group). The test was negative in 17 patients (EBER-negative group). Acute EBV infection rate in patients with colonic ulcer was 7.52%. Age and sex differences between two groups were not statistically significant. Fever, abdominal lymph node enlargement, and crater-like gouged ulcer morphology were more common in the EBER-positive group (

P
<
0.05

). The albumin level in the EBER-positive group was significantly lower compared to that in the EBER-negative group (

P
<
0.05

). The copy count of EBV DNA in the blood of patients from the EBER-positive group was higher, and the prognosis was worse (

P
<
0.05

). Clinical manifestations were more severe in the EBER-positive group. Endoscopic, histopathological, and biochemical findings were also more serious in this group of patients. The findings point to the importance of assessing the EBER expression in patients with intestinal ulcers of various etiology. EBER positivity should be viewed as a diagnostic marker of more severe condition requiring more aggressive treatment.
Theoretical Study of Electronic Structure of Charged Fullerenes
Authors: Vasiliev Alexander , Matveev Leonid , Mikhaylov Alexander , Mitrofanov Artem , Obukhov Yuri , Orekhov Nikita , Osadchy Alexander , Stegailov Vladimir
Published: May 2021

The properties of excited short-living electron quantum levels of positively charged

C

60

+
Z

fullerenes are numerically investigated with the help of the density functional theory (DFT) packages Quantum Espresso, ORCA, and VASP. Earlier, the existence of the volume-localized electron states for neutral and charged fullerenes was demonstrated analytically by making use of the model potential approach based on the unique quasispherical geometrical shape of C60. Here, we revisit this issue by verifying numerically the existence of volume-localized states and by calculating physical parameters of all electronic states with a special focus on highly charged fullerene ions. The ionization potentials of

C

60

+
Z

are calculated and compared with available experimental data. The photoionization cross-sections for neutral fullerene using wave functions are obtained by making use of DFT codes. We demonstrate that lifetimes of excited states vary in the range

10

−
11

÷

10

−
4

 s, and for the volume-localized levels, lifetimes are longer than those for the surface-localized states.
The Law of Instability and Failure of the Slope of Dumping Site: A Case Study in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Pan Weidong , Luo Jianyang , Pan Weiliang , Zhang Kunming
Published: May 2021

In order to study the law of instability and failure in the process of loading of the south dumping site of Hesgoola Coal Mine, the FLAC 3D numerical simulation experiment and the bottom friction simulation experiment were carried out for the deformation and failure of the slope of the south dumping site, the law of instability and failure in the process of loading of south dumping site is obtained, and the relevant safety precontrol measures and suggestions are put forward. This is of great significance to ensure the safety production of the south dumping site of Hesgoola Coal Mine.
The Role of Visual Features in Text‐Based CAPTCHAs: An fNIRS Study for Usable Security
Authors: Mülazimoğlu Emre , Çakır Murat P. , Acartürk Cengiz
Published: May 2021

To mitigate dictionary attacks or similar undesirable automated attacks to information systems, developers mostly prefer using CAPTCHA challenges as Human Interactive Proofs (HIPs) to distinguish between human users and scripts. Appropriate use of CAPTCHA requires a setup that balances between robustness and usability during the design of a challenge. The previous research reveals that most usability studies have used accuracy and response time as measurement criteria for quantitative analysis. The present study aims at applying optical neuroimaging techniques for the analysis of CAPTCHA design. The functional Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy technique was used to explore the hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex elicited by CAPTCHA stimulus of varying types. The findings suggest that regions in the left and right dorsolateral and right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex respond to the degrees of line occlusion, rotation, and wave distortions present in a CAPTCHA. The systematic addition of the visual effects introduced nonlinear effects on the behavioral and prefrontal oxygenation measures, indicative of the emergence of Gestalt effects that might have influenced the perception of the overall CAPTCHA figure.
Study on the Influence of Particle Size and Grade of Total Tailings on the Fluidity of High-Concentration Filling Slurry considering Strength
Authors: Duan Xiaobo , Huang Yucheng , Zheng Wenxiang
Published: May 2021

To find out the effect of total tailing particle size and grading on the rheological property of filling slurry with high concentration, especially in high intensity, the experiment on the particle size of total tailings was conducted firstly to get the corresponding result. Then, the collapse test of mixed slurry with different cement tailing ratios and different concentrations was carried out to get the corresponding slump value and extension value. Furthermore, the rotational viscometer was applied to test shear stress in the samples with different cement tailing ratios and different concentrations, from which the relevant rheological parameter can be achieved through the Bingham rheological model. Finally, a strength test to mixed slurry block with different cement tailing ratios and different concentrations was conducted (3 days, 7 days, and 28 days); the corresponding intensity values were taken. The experiment result illustrates that with the increase of concentration and cement tailing ratio of the slurry, the collapse degree and extended degree of slurry decreased, while yield stress, plastic viscosity, and strength increased. When the concentration was raised from 70% to 72%, all parameters that characterize good fluidity reduced obviously. As a result, the mixed slurry with a concentration of 70% and cement tailing ratio of 1 : 8 not only meets the requirements of production intensity but also has good mobility and low pipeline wear.
Stability Analysis and Fracture Patterns of Hard Main Roof in Longwall Top Coal Caving with Large Mining Height
Authors: Liu Jinkai , Li Chunyuan , Shi Yaoyu , Zhang Yong
Published: May 2021

In order to study the fracture patterns of hard main roof in longwall top coal caving (LTCC) with large mining height, a two‐dimensional physical similarity model was created to simulate the mining process of No. 8100 large mining height face in Tongxin coal mine, China. The results show that there are three positions of broken line in hard main roof presented with the advance of longwall face, and the underground pressure induced by hard main roof fracturing presents the effect of superposition of large and small periods. It is found that there are two fracture patterns of main roof during the mining process: composite structure of lower cantilever beam and upper voussoir beam with hard main roof and composite structure instability of lower and upper voussoir beam with hard main roof. The underground pressure induced by these two fracture patterns is also analyzed by building mechanical models. In the end, the hydraulic fracture technique is introduced to presplit the main roof and weaken the effect of dynamic loads induced by composite structures instability.
Probabilistic Linguistic Three-Way Multi-Attibute Decision Making for Hidden Property Evaluation of Judgment Debtor
Authors: He Jinhui , Zhang Huirong , Zhang Zhenyu , Zhang Jiaping
Published: May 2021

Most law enforcement cases executed by the courts in China have behaviours of evading, evading, or even violently resisting execution or passively waiting for enforcement, which seriously affects the authority of legal judgments and the judiciary’s credibility. Therefore, we develop a hidden property evaluation model based on the probabilistic linguistic three-way multiattribute decision-making (PL3W-MADM) method. Considering the advantages of probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs) expressing the evaluation information and their probabilities on judgment debtor given by expert judges, we extend the three-way decision method to a probabilistic linguistic environment and develop the strict PL3W-MADM model and flexible PL3W-MADM model. Then, the PL3W-MADM models are used to construct the hidden property evaluation model of judgment debtors. Finally, the developed hidden property evaluation model can quickly and effectively classify the judgment debtors into three categories: hidden behaviour, no hidden behaviour or lack of information, and temporary inability to judge. The results show that the developed model is more suitable for hidden property evaluation than the strict PL3W-MADM model and the flexible PL3W-MADM model.
Pathological Changes of the Anterior Lens Capsule
Authors: Liu Wei , Huang Dandan , Guo Ruru , Ji Jian
Published: May 2021

The anterior lens capsule (ALC), as the thickest basement membrane in the body, is an acellular, soft, smooth, transparent membrane secreted by lens epithelial cells. The ALC has its unique biomechanical properties to serve as a barrier and separate the lens from infectious viruses and bacteria together with the posterior capsule and pericapsular membrane. However, the biomechanical and ultrastructural properties of the ALC can be changed under certain conditions. Here, we provide a brief review of the pathological changes of the ALC in several eye disorders, including cataract, aniridia, climatic droplet keratopathy, exfoliation syndrome, true exfoliation syndrome, Alport syndrome, and silicone oil tamponade.
Effect of Node Mobility on MU‐MIMO Transmissions in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Zhang Wenjian , Jiang Senlin
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we investigate the expected outage probability and expected throughput of a multi‐user multiple‐input multiple‐output (MU‐MIMO) transmission in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) in the presence of co‐channel interference and unpredictable inter‐beam interference. In order to achieve multi‐user diversity gain, the receiving nodes are required to report measured channel information to the transmitting node. During the time gap between channel measurement and data transmission, the channel may change with the location of moving nodes. The unpredictable behavior may cause a mismatch between the weight of beams and the instantaneous channel and the inter‐beam interference in the data transmission phase. In order to obtain the closed form expected outage probability, we categorize the behavior of nodes according to whether the inter‐beam interference exists or not and the number of received interference beams. The probability of each category and the closed form outage probability of an instantaneous MU‐MIMO transmission of each category are derived. Additionally, the expected throughput of an MU‐MIMO transmission which changes with the number of receiving nodes is obtained, and the optimal value of receiving nodes to maximize the expected throughput is discussed. Numeric results show the unpredictable inter‐beam interference degrades the outage probability performance. Reducing the duration of the time gap could improve the expected outage probability and expected throughput.
A Hierarchical Approach for Advanced Persistent Threat Detection with Attention-Based Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Li Zitong , Cheng Xiang , Sun Lixiao , Zhang Ji , Chen Bing
Published: May 2021

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are the most sophisticated attacks for modern information systems. Currently, more and more researchers begin to focus on graph-based anomaly detection methods that leverage graph data to model normal behaviors and detect outliers for defending against APTs. However, previous studies of provenance graphs mainly concentrate on system calls, leading to difficulties in modeling network behaviors. Coarse-grained correlation graphs depend on handcrafted graph construction rules and, thus, cannot adequately explore log node attributes. Besides, the traditional Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) fail to consider meaningful edge features and are difficult to perform heterogeneous graphs embedding. To overcome the limitations of the existing approaches, we present a hierarchical approach for APT detection with novel attention-based GNNs. We propose a metapath aggregated GNN for provenance graph embedding and an edge enhanced GNN for host interactive graph embedding; thus, APT behaviors can be captured at both the system and network levels. A novel enhancement mechanism is also introduced to dynamically update the detection model in the hierarchical detection framework. Evaluations show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines in APT detection.
Associations of Household Income with Health-Related Quality of Life Following a Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis Varies With Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Robinson Jamaica R.M. , Phipps Amanda I. , Barrington Wendy E. , Hurvitz Philip M. , Sheppard Lianne , Malen Rachel C. , Newcomb Polly A.
Published: May 2021

Background:

Existing evidence indicates household income as a predictor of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) following a colorectal cancer diagnosis. This association likely varies with neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES), but evidence is limited.

Methods:

We included data from 1,355 colorectal cancer survivors participating in the population-based Puget Sound Colorectal Cancer Cohort (PSCCC). Survivors reported current annual household income; we measured HRQoL via the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Colorectal (FACT-C) tool. Using neighborhood data summarized within a 1-km radial buffer of Census block group centroids, we constructed a multidimensional nSES index measure. We employed survivors' geocoded residential addresses to append nSES score for Census block group of residence. With linear generalized estimating equations clustered on survivor location, we evaluated associations of household income with differences in FACT-C mean score, overall and stratified by nSES. We used separate models to explore relationships for wellbeing subscales.

Results:

We found lower household income to be associated with clinically meaningful differences in overall FACT-C scores [<$30K: −13.6; 95% confidence interval (CI): −16.8 to −10.4] and subscale wellbeing after a recent colorectal cancer diagnosis. Relationships were slightly greater in magnitude for survivors living in lower SES neighborhoods.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that recently diagnosed lower income colorectal cancer survivors are likely to report lower HRQoL, and modestly more so in lower SES neighborhoods.

Impact:

The findings from this work will aid future investigators' ability to further consider the contexts in which the income of survivors can be leveraged as a means of improving HRQoL
Veliparib in Combination with Carboplatin and Etoposide in Patients with Treatment-Naïve Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase 2 Randomized Study
Authors: Byers Lauren Averett , Bentsion Dmitry , Gans Steven , Penkov Konstantin , Son ChoonHee , Sibille Anne , Owonikoko Taofeek K. , Groen Harry J.M. , Gay Carl M. , Fujimoto Junya , de Groot Patricia , Dunbar Martin , Kang Kingston , He Lei , Sehgal Vasudha , Glasgow Jaimee , Bach Bruce Allen , Ellis Peter M.
Published: May 2021

Purpose:

This study investigated the efficacy and safety of oral PARP inhibitor veliparib, plus carboplatin and etoposide in patients with treatment-naïve, extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC).

Patients and Methods:

Patients were randomized 1:1:1 to veliparib [240 mg twice daily (BID) for 14 days] plus chemotherapy followed by veliparib maintenance (400 mg BID; veliparib throughout), veliparib plus chemotherapy followed by placebo (veliparib combination only), or placebo plus chemotherapy followed by placebo (control). Patients received 4–6 cycles of combination therapy, then maintenance until unacceptable toxicity/progression. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) with veliparib throughout versus control.

Results:

Overall (N = 181), PFS was improved with veliparib throughout versus control [hazard ratio (HR), 0.67; 80% confidence interval (CI), 0.50–0.88; P = 0.059]; median PFS was 5.8 and 5.6 months, respectively. There was a trend toward improved PFS with veliparib throughout versus control in SLFN11-positive patients (HR, 0.6; 80% CI, 0.36–0.97). Median overall survival (OS) was 10.1 versus 12.4 months in the veliparib throughout and control arms, respectively (HR, 1.43; 80% CI, 1.09–1.88). Grade 3/4 adverse events were experienced by 82%, 88%, and 68% of patients in the veliparib throughout, veliparib combination-only and control arms, most commonly hematologic.

Conclusions:

Veliparib plus platinum chemotherapy followed by veliparib maintenance demonstrated improved PFS as first-line treatment for ED-SCLC with an acceptable safety profile, but there was no corresponding benefit in OS. Further investigation is warranted to define the role of biomarkers in this setting.
Diagnosis of Pseudoprogression Following Lomustine–Temozolomide Chemoradiation in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Patients Using FET-PET
Authors: Werner Jan-Michael , Weller Johannes , Ceccon Garry , Schaub Christina , Tscherpel Caroline , Lohmann Philipp , Bauer Elena K. , Schäfer Niklas , Stoffels Gabriele , Baues Christian , Celik Eren , Marnitz Simone , Kabbasch Christoph , Gielen Gerrit H. , Fink Gereon R. , Langen Karl-Josef , Herrlinger Ulrich , Galldiks Norbert
Published: May 2021

Purpose:

The CeTeG/NOA-09 phase III trial demonstrated a significant survival benefit of lomustine–temozolomide chemoradiation in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma with methylated O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter. Following lomustine–temozolomide chemoradiation, late and prolonged pseudoprogression may occur. We here evaluated the value of amino acid PET using O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine (FET) for differentiating pseudoprogression from tumor progression.

Experimental Design:

We retrospectively identified patients (i) who were treated off-study according to the CeTeG/NOA-09 protocol, (ii) had equivocal MRI findings after radiotherapy, and (iii) underwent additional FET-PET imaging for diagnostic evaluation (number of scans, 1–3). Maximum and mean tumor-to-brain ratios (TBRmax, TBRmean) and dynamic FET uptake parameters (e.g., time-to-peak) were calculated. In patients with more than one FET-PET scan, relative changes of TBR values were evaluated, that is, an increase or decrease of >10% compared with the reference scan was considered as tumor progression or pseudoprogression. Diagnostic performances were evaluated using ROC curve analyses and Fisher exact test. Diagnoses were confirmed histologically or clinicoradiologically.

Results:

We identified 23 patients with 32 FET-PET scans. Within 5–25 weeks after radiotherapy (median time, 9 weeks), pseudoprogression occurred in 11 patients (48%). The parameter TBRmean calculated from the FET-PET performed 10 ± 7 days after the equivocal MRI showed the highest accuracy (87%) to identify pseudoprogression (threshold, <1.95; P = 0.029). The integration of relative changes of TBRmean further improved the accuracy (91%; P < 0.001). Moreover, the combination of static and dynamic parameters increased the specificity to 100% (P = 0.005).

Conclusions:

The data suggest that FET-PET parameters are of significant clinical value to diagnose pseudoprogression related to lomustine–temozolomide chemoradiation.
Life Satisfaction during the Transition to Widowhood among Japanese Older Adults
Authors: Nakagawa Takeshi , Hülür Gizem
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The loss of a spouse is among the most stressful life events. Whilst grief and mourning vary across cultures, most longitudinal studies have been conducted in Western societies. Adding to prior research, this study examines the role of resources available prior to spousal bereavement and changes therein for trajectories of well-being in an Eastern society, namely, Japan. Methods: Data were derived from a nationally representative panel survey of Japanese older adults aged 60 years and above. We used data from married participants at baseline who experienced spousal loss during the 19-year follow-up period (N = 481). Well-being was indexed as life satisfaction. Results: The multiphase growth model revealed that life satisfaction typically deteriorated surrounding spousal loss and remained stable 1 year after the event. Compared with individuals coresiding with a child before and after loss, those who did not continuously coreside with a child showed lower levels of postloss life satisfaction, but better recovery. Perceiving better financial status prior to loss was related to higher levels of preloss life satisfaction and, conversely, lower levels after loss. Changes in resources were not associated with life satisfaction following widowhood. Discussion: Our results show that spousal bereavement has, on average, an initial negative impact on well-being with substantial individual differences in recovery 1 year later. When designing interventions to promote adaptation after spousal loss, it is important to consider the bereaved individual’s cultural background and preloss resources.
Two Novel Variants and One Previously Reported Variant in the ATP2C1 Gene in Chinese Hailey-Hailey Disease Patients
Authors: Xiao Zhen , Liu Zhi-Gang , Ou Yang Xiao-Liang , Yu Si-Min , Zeng Jian-rong , Li Chun-Ming
Published: May 2021

Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis. It is characterized clinically by recurrent erosions, blisters and erythematous plaques at the sites of friction and intertriginous areas. The pathogenic gene of HHD was reported to be the ATPase calcium-transporting type 2C member 1 gene (ATP2C1). In this study, genomic DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing of ATP2C1 were performed from 3 Chinese pedigrees and 4 sporadic cases of HHD. We detected 3 heterozygous mutations, including 2 novel mutations (c.1673_1674insGTTG and c.2225A>G) and 1 recurrent nonsense mutation (c.1402C>T; NM_014382.4). The ATP2C1 gene was also screened in the asymptomatic members of pedigrees. Our results would further expand the mutation spectrum of the ATP2C1 gene and be helpful in the genetic counseling of patients with HHD.
Primary Myelofibrosis in the Prefibrotic Stage Presenting as Portal, Splenic, and Superior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Dias Emanuel , Liberal Rodrigo , Costa-Moreira Pedro , Príncipe Fernando , Fonseca Elsa , Macedo Guilherme
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Myeloproliferative neoplasms are the most common cause of splanchnic vein thrombosis in the absence of cirrhosis or nearby malignancy. Case Presentation: A 31-year-old male presented to the emergency department with epigastric pain associated with mild thrombocytosis and elevated levels of aminotransferases, lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed splanchnic venous thrombosis that involved the portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins, without signs of chronic liver disease. Anticoagulation with warfarin was immediately started. Diagnostic work-up was remarkable for the presence of the JAK2 V617T mutation and hypercellular bone marrow, with increased myeloid cells and atypical megakaryocytes, consistent with primary myelofibrosis in a prefibrotic stage. No other hypercoagulable conditions were identified. Discussion: We present a rare case of primary myelofibrosis in the prefibrotic stage presenting as portal-splenic-superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. This demonstrates that extensive splanchnic vein thrombosis may be the onset manifestation of myeloproliferative neoplasms, even in early stages and in the absence of concomitant hypercoagulable conditions. The presence of the JAK2 mutation is an important prothrombotic risk factor that can, per se, contribute to large venous thrombosis.
Atopic Dermatitis Treated Safely with Dupilumab during Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Lobo Yolanka , Lee Ruby C. , Spelman Lynda
Published: May 2021

Dupilumab is currently the only biologic treatment approved for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Though limited, available clinical data describing dupilumab use in pregnancy have not identified a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Systemic treatment in pregnant women with atopic dermatitis is currently restricted to corticosteroids, cyclosporine A, and azathioprine. Atopic dermatitis often has a deleterious course in pregnancy which can cause substantial distress and significantly impact on global health and quality of life. We report a case of severe atopic dermatitis treated safely with dupilumab during pregnancy with no adverse maternal or fetal outcomes observed. Our case highlights that dupilumab use in pregnancy has its place but should always be preceded by careful assessment of the risks and benefits. Clinicians are encouraged to enroll their patients in relevant pregnancy registry studies to monitor outcomes in women exposed to dupilumab during pregnancy and lactation.
The Efficacy of Posttreatment with Synthetic C-Reactive Protein in Murine Bacterial Peritonitis via Activation of FcγRI-Expressing Kupffer Cells
Authors: Kinoshita Manabu , Ito Seigo , Ishikiriyama Takuya , Sekiguchi Kumiko , Yamaguchi Ryota , Tsuruhara Ryoichi , Matsuda Akihisa , Koiwa Kazuki , Nakashima Masahiro , Nakashima Hiroyuki , Miyashita Masao , Seki Shuhji
Published: May 2021

Pretreatment with synthetic C-reactive protein (CRP), a functional CRP peptide, has the potential to augment macrophage phagocytosis by bacterial challenge. However, the posttreatment is clinically ideal. We investigated the efficacy of posttreatment with synthetic CRP on murine cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), focusing on liver macrophages. Mice received CLP, and 1 h later, synthetic CRP or saline was intraperitoneally administered. Posttreatment with synthetic CRP increased the murine survival after CLP. It reduced viable bacterial counts in the liver 24 h after CLP with an increase in the number of Kupffer cells but not monocyte-derived liver macrophages. Posttreatment with synthetic CRP increased the phagolytic activity of Kupffer cells against Escherichia coli (E. coli) as well as capsulated Klebsiella pneumoniae at 3 h after CLP. Synthetic CRP therapy augmented TNF production by E. coli-phagocytosing Kupffer cells, resulting in an increase in tissue TNF levels in the liver at 24 h. Kupffer cells substantially expressed FcγRI, which is a ligand of CRP, and their FcγRI expression was further increased after CLP. In contrast, synthetic CRP therapy affected neither the phagocytic function of monocyte-derived liver macrophages (showing a weak FcγRI expression) nor their TNF production. Depletion of Kupffer cells in mice inhibited these beneficial effects of synthetic CRP in CLP mice. Conclusion: Posttreatment with synthetic CRP effectively improves murine bacterial peritonitis via the activation of phagocytosis of FcγRI-expressing Kupffer cells.
Effectiveness of a Guided Web-Based Intervention to Reduce Depressive Symptoms before Outpatient Psychotherapy: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Krämer Lena Violetta , Grünzig Sasha-Denise , Baumeister Harald , Ebert David Daniel , Bengel Jürgen
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Psychotherapy is a first-line treatment for depression. However, capacities are limited, leading to long waiting times for outpatient psychotherapy in health care systems. Web-based interventions (WBI) could help to bridge this treatment gap. Objective: This study investigates the effectiveness of a guided cognitive-behavioral WBI in depressive patients seeking face-to-face psychotherapy. Methods: A 2-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted. Depressive patients (n = 136) recruited from the waiting lists of outpatient clinics were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; treatment as usual [TAU] + immediate access to WBI) or a control group (CG; TAU + access to WBI after follow-up). Depressive symptoms and secondary outcomes were assessed at baseline, 7 weeks, and 5 months after randomization. Results: Mixed-model analyses revealed a significant group × time interaction effect on depressive symptoms (F2, 121.5 = 3.91; p < 0.05). Between-group effect sizes were d = 0.55 at 7 weeks and d = 0.52 at 5 months. The IG was superior regarding psychological symptoms and mental health quality of life but not on physical health quality of life, attitudes, motivation for psychotherapy, or subjective need and uptake of psychotherapy. Conclusions: Patients waiting for face-to-face psychotherapy can benefit from a WBI when compared to TAU. Despite the reduction of depressive symptoms in the IG, the uptake of subsequent psychotherapy was still high in both groups. The effects remained stable at the 5-month follow-up. However, this study could not determine the proportion of specific intervention effects vs. nonspecific effects, such as positive outcome expectations or attention. Future research should focus on the long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of WBI before psychotherapy.
Efficacy and Safety of Lenvatinib-Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Sequential Therapy for Patients with Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ando Yuwa , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Amioka Kei , Naruto Kensuke , Ogawa Yutaro , Yoshikawa Yuki , Kikukawa Chihiro , Kosaka Yumi , Uchikawa Shinsuke , Morio Kei , Fujino Hatsue , Nakahara Takashi , Murakami Eisuke , Yamauchi Masami , Tsuge Masataka , Hiramatsu Akira , Fukuhara Takayuki , Mori Nami , Takaki Shintaro , Tsuji Keiji , Nonaka Michihiro , Hyogo Hideyuki , Aisaka Yasuyuki , Masaki Keiichi , Honda Yoji , Moriya Takashi , Naeshiro Noriaki , Takahashi Shoichi , Imamura Michio , Chayama Kazuaki , Aikata Hiroshi
Published: May 2021

Introduction: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib-transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (LEN-TACE) sequential therapy for patients (n = 88) with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Eighty-eight patients who obtained tumor control by LEN treatment were analyzed; 30 received LEN followed by TACE (LEN-TACE sequential therapy), and 58 received LEN monotherapy. Propensity score matching was performed, and the outcomes of 19 patients in the LEN-TACE group and 19 patients in the LEN-alone group were compared. Objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), incidence of adverse events (AEs), and change in albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score were evaluated. Results: After matching, baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. The ORR was 63.2% with LEN-TACE group and 63.2% with the LEN-alone group. Multivariate analysis showed that addition of TACE during LEN treatment (hazard ratio [HR] 0.264, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.087–0.802, p =  0.019) and Child-Pugh score 5 (HR 0.223, 95% CI 0.070–0.704, p = 0.011) were the significant factors for PFS. Median PFS was 11.6 months with LEN-TACE and 10.1 months with LEN-alone. The survival rate of the LEN-TACE group was significantly higher than that of the LEN-alone group (median survival time; not reached vs. 16.9 months, p = 0.007). The incidence of common LEN-associated AEs was similar between groups. Although elevated aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase and fever were more frequent with LEN-TACE group, these events were manageable. Conclusion: For patients with intermediate-stage HCC, LEN-TACE sequential therapy may provide a deep response and favorable prognosis.
Nichtarteriitische anteriore ischämische Optikusneuropathie (NAION) bei Zoster
Authors: Göbel Katja
Published: May 2021

A 61-year-old woman presented with sudden vision loss from a left anterior optic neuropathy in the context of severely elevated intraocular pressure after starting topical steroids for anterior uveitis related to herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). The strong temporal relationship between the vision loss and elevated IOP suggested the vision loss was related to nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). Anterior chamber paracentesis did not detect varicella zoster virus (VZV) and magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits was normal. Her vision remained stable and the optic disc edema resolved within 3 months. The occurrence of NAION following an acute elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) is well-documented in the context of surgical procedures, glaucoma, uveitis and trauma. This case indicates that not every optic neuropathy in close temporal relationship with HZO is directly attributable to the virus. NAION may also occur after steroid-related IOP spikes and ophthalmologists should ensure that patients on topical steroids are closely monitored for ocular complications.
Akute COPD-Exazerbationen: Positive Wirkung von inhalierter hochmolekularer Hyaluronsäure bei schwerer Ateminsuffizienz
Authors: Lang Susanne M.
Published: May 2021

Background: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) carry significant morbidity and mortality. AECOPD treatment remains limited. High molecular weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA) is a glycosaminoglycan sugar, which is a physiological constituent of the lung extracellular matrix and has notable anti-inflammatory and hydrating properties. Research question: We hypothesized that inhaled HMW-HA will improve outcomes in AECOPD. Methods: We conducted a single center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study to investigate the effect of inhaled HMW-HA in patients with severe AECOPD necessitating non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV). Primary endpoint was time until liberation from NIPPV. Results: Out of 44 screened patients, 41 were included in the study (21 for placebo and 20 for HMW-HA). Patients treated with HMW-HA had significantly shorter duration of NIPPV. HMW-HA treated patients also had lower measured peak airway pressures on the ventilator and lower systemic inflammation markers after liberation from NIPPV. In vitro testing showed that HMW-HA significantly improved mucociliary transport in air-liquid interface cultures of primary bronchial cells from COPD patients and healthy primary cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract. Interpretation: Inhaled HMW-HA shortens the duration of respiratory failure and need for non-invasive ventilation in patients with AECOPD. Beneficial effects of HMW-HA on mucociliary clearance and inflammation may account for some of the effects (NCT02674880, www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Leitura, ensino de língua portuguesa e formação do professor
Authors: Nonato Sandoval
Published: May 2021

Este estudo propõe discutir o estatuto da leitura como componente curricular da disciplina língua portuguesa na escola brasileira. Para tanto, apresenta, inicialmente, um panorama dos modos com que a leitura emerge no percurso histórico de constituição do ensino de língua portuguesa. Em seguida, contrasta esse estatuto historicamente construído com práticas de ensino de língua portuguesa atuais mediadas por estudantes de licenciatura em Letras, por ocasião de realização de estágio em escolas da rede pública da cidade de São Paulo (Brasil). A descrição e a análise do processo de implementação de um projeto de ensino destinado à leitura de contos da literatura marginal, por um estudante, conforme registrado em seu relatório de estágio, permitem problematizar alguns desafios que a prática de leitura em sala de aula coloca para o ensino e para a formação do professor de língua portuguesa.
Texto e construção de sentidos: propostas para leitura e interpretação
Authors: Pauliukonis Maria Aparecida Lino , Alvares Claudia Assad
Published: May 2021

Discute-se a análise de inferências em textos, com o objetivo de demonstrar que todo sentido, mesmo o literal, inclui implícitos discursivos em diferentes graus. O ato de compreensão/ interpretação desses enunciados envolve vários processos inferenciais, o que significa dizer que o leitor crítico deve estar atento não só às questões lógicas ou linguísticas stricto sensu, como também às discursivas e/ou retórico-argumentativas que ocorrem nos diversos gêneros de textos e que são fundamentais para a construção dos sentidos de uma produção textual. Um dos objetivos deste artigo consiste em apresentar propostas didático-pedagógicas para o ensino de leitura e de interpretação textual.
Celso Furtado e a antropologia
Authors: Bolaño César
Published: May 2021

Celso Furtado é, no interior da escola histórico-estrutural latino-americana, o autor mais envolvido com a problemática cultural. Assim sendo, torna-se uma referência importante para o diálogo entre a economia política da comunicação e da cultura brasileira e os estudos culturais ingleses. Este artigo apresenta algumas possibilidades nesse sentido, tomando por base o pensamento de Furtado. A título de exemplo, faz algumas comparações com a perspectiva de Stuart Hall.
Celso Furtado, pensador global
Authors: Ricupero Rubens
Published: May 2021

Este texto compila as ideias apresentadas no IEBinário “Celso Furtado: entre as relações internacionais e a ecologia”, ocorrido em 14 de dezembro de 2020, a convite do Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros (IEB/USP). O evento, mediado por Rosa Freire D’Aguiar Furtado, escritora, tradutora e organizadora de diversas obras de Celso Furtado, contou com a participação do professor Alexandre de Freitas Barbosa (IEB/USP), do economista ecológico Clóvis Cavalcanti, pesquisador emérito da Fundação Joaquim Nabuco, e do diplomata e historiador Rubens Ricupero. Esse encontro pode ser acessado em: https://bit.ly/3iw809N.
Destecer os 60 anos de Formação econômica do Brasil
Authors: Pinto Gustavo Louis Henrique
Published: May 2021

Formação econômica do Brasil completou 60 anos de publicação em 2019, e Celso Furtado é uma vez mais empunhado na reflexão sobre a história e a economia do Brasil, ressignificando os horizontes possíveis de interpretação desse clássico, as influências deixadas (o legado), as críticas historiográficas e econômicas, bem como o seu lugar no pensamento político, social e econômico brasileiro. Celso Furtado e os 60 anos de Formação econômica do Brasil (2020), livro objeto desta resenha, organizado por Alexandre Macchione Saes e Alexandre de Freitas Barbosa, traz 16 análises, em diferentes perspectivas, reforçando a necessidade e a atualidade de se voltar à obra e ao pensamento de Furtado.