bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Simulasi PertumbuhanTanaman Jagung Manis Hibrida pada Jarak Tanam yang Berbeda
Authors: Ferdiansyah Ervan , Handoko Handoko , Impron Impron
Published: April 2021

A sweet corn model was developed to simulate the growth and development of hybrid-sweet corn under different crop denssities. This research is comparing the data of the simulation model and the actual observation data in the field, which is then presented in graphical form. This model was conducted on six treatment combinations between three types of spacing and two varieties. The simulation model requires meteorological data (average temperature, humidity, precipitation, and radiation), soil water data, and crop chracteristics. There are five of the six plant combinations which graph show that the model is able to simulate the total maize corn biomass every week. The model was able to estimate 93% of the actual biomass and described the growth and development of hybrid-sweet corn as well.

 

Keywords: estimating biomass, models and simulations, plant growth
Pertumbuhan Bibit Cendana (Santalum album L.) dengan Inang Primer pada Intensitas Radiasi Berbeda
Authors: FanggidaE Yudi Riadi , Impron Impron , June Tania
Published: April 2021

The primary host of sandalwood seeds (Santalum album L.) which is widely used in the nursery process is Alternanthera sp. However, the local name given to this primary host is same as that given to Portulaca sp. The same local name for these two-different species may cause mistakes in the use of the primary host during the cultivating process of sandalwood. Meanwhile, the ability of the Portulaca sp. as the primary host is unknown. Information about the right radiation intensity of the sandalwood seedling is still limited. The study aims to analyze the growth of sandalwood seedlings grown with primary host of Alternanthera sp. and Portulaca sp. at different radiation intensities. The completely randomized design with two treatments factor were used, namely differences in shade levels (without shade, 25, 50, and 75%) and differences in the types of primary hosts. The result showed that the primary hosts of Alternanthera sp. have the best growth for sandalwood seeds compared to sandalwood seedlings planted with Portulaca sp. The shading must be adjusted to the type of primary host. Sandalwood seeds grown with Alternanthera sp. as primary hosts grow best at 50% and 75% paranet shade conditions, in radiation range of 9.86–12.17 MJ/m2/day. Sandalwood seeds planted with Portulaca sp. as a primary host grow best in 25% paranet shade, that is at average radiation of 13.62 MJ/m2/day. The use of Alternanthera sp. and shade provision (50–75%) is highly recommended in sandalwood seedlings.

 

Keywords: haustoria, hemiparasite, primary host plant, sandalwood, symbiosis
ARF3 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in gastric cancer by regulating AKT and ERK pathway
Authors: Liu Jiayun , Liu Shenlin , Wu Maolin , Deng Jing , Yao Xuequan , Liu Fukun , Wu Xiaoyu , Wu Guannan
Published: April 2021

ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3) has confirmed participate in diverse biological processes in many cancers. However, the expression patterns and roles of ARF3 in gastric cancer (GC) remains largely unknown. In our study, by using qRT-PCR and western blot, we found that, in In GC tissues and cells, the expression of ARF3 was significantly down-regulated. Functional experiments demonstrated that ARF3 inhibited proliferation, induced cycle arrest and enhanced apoptosis of GC cells. Moreover, by performing western blot, we found that ARF3 could regulate the protein expression of key factors of AKT and ERK pathway. Using orthotopic xenograft mouse models, it is showed that ARF3 could inhibit GC tumorigenesis in vivo. To sum up, ARF3 may suppress proliferation, induced cycle arrest and promotes apoptosis of GC by modulating AKT and ERK pathway. It might act as a potential biomarker for GC prognosis.
THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF THE BEHAVIOR OF THE TAPE WITH BALLS ON THE EXPERIMENTAL STAND "ALLIGATOR 2M" IN THE TEST MODE
Authors: V.K. Astashev , N.A. Serkov , O.V. Pas
Published: April 2021

The results of testing the experimental stand "alligator 2M" for the study of dynamic effects in distributed systems with many parallel shock pairs are presented.
DYNAMICS OF DEFORMABLE SYSTEMS CARRYING MOVING LOADS (REVIEW OF PUBLICATION AND DISSERTATION RESEARCH)
Authors: S.I. Gerasimov , V.I. Erofeev , D.A. Kolesov , Lissenkova E.E.
Published: April 2021

The work is devoted to a review of publications on the dynamics of deformable systems carrying moving loads, in the main areas of development and improvement of methods for calculating structures for the action of moving loads. The contribution to the formation and development of this scientific direction of domestic and foreign researchers is noted. A review of dissertation research on the wave dynamics of elastic systems interacting with moving loads is also given, including the analysis of doctoral and candidate dissertations.
WAVE EFFECTS ON HUMANS AND WOVEN ELECTRIC HEATERS
Authors: Shul’zhenko A.A. , Modestov M.B.
Published: April 2021

In this work, we determined how wave signals within the long-wave IR range affect a person. The novelty in this work is the use of woven electric heaters, not only to generate a wave signal that affects a person, but also to receive a response signal from a person to this effect. This method is patented. The work is of interest to medical professionals, as well as to specialists involved in the creation of products based on woven electric heaters for humans.
Новые результаты использования световой ловушки при сборе жесткокрылых (Insecta: Coleoptera) в условиях городской среды (на примере г. Саратова)
Authors: Сажнев А.С. , Аникин В.В.
Published: April 2021

В статье приведены результаты применения световой ловушки при изучении фауны жесткокрылых в условиях г. Саратова. В 2019 г. собраны представители 52 видов жесткокрылых 22 семейств, принадлежащие к различным экологическим группировкам. Отмечена относительно высокая доля адвентивных видов в получаемых сборах (2018 г. – 30.7%, 2019 г. – 17.3%). За два года (2018–2019) было зарегистрировано 14 чужеродных и криптогенных для европейской части России видов жесткокрылых, что составляет 24.5% от адвентивной фауны Саратовской области. Рекомендуется использовать привлечение на свет, как вспомогательный доступный и малозатратный способ изучения адвентивной фауны в условиях городской среды.

 

БлагодарностиЧасть работы А.С. Сажнева проведена в рамках выполнения государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ (АААА-А18-118012690105-0).
Biological characteristics of influenza virus subtype H6N8 isolated from wild birds in the south of Western Siberia
Authors: Li X. , Dubovitskiy N. A. , Derko A. A. , Glushchenko A. V. , Sobolev I. A. , Druzyaka А. V. , Medzhidova М. М. , Musinova E. М. , Sharshov К. A. , Shestopalov A. М.
Published: April 2021

Aim. The aim is to explore the molecular and biological characteristics of influenza virus subtype H6N8.

Material and Methods. Regular collecting of biological samples from wild birds was carried out in 2016 in the south of Western Siberia. Isolation of avian influenza virus strains from birds’ cloacal swabs was performed using three passages in embryonated chicken eggs. Hemagglutination assay was used to detect viruses in the allantoic fluid. Type and subtype of influenza viruses were identified using reverse transcription PCR (RT‐PCR).

Results. This is the first time the avian influenza virus H6N8 subtype has been isolated in Russia. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) segments of A/gadwall/Chany/97/2016(H6N8) strain genome belonged to the Eurasian lineages of avian influenza viruses. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the HA sequence of the strain was closely related to the strain isolated from a duck in Bangladesh in 2015 (A/duck/Bangladesh/25767/2015(H6N1).

Conclusion. Avian influenza viruses subtype H6N8 have the ability to circulate among wild waterfowl and poultry, increasing the chance of reassortment and transmission of H6 virus strains among birds. For this reason, it is of crucial importance to strengthen surveillance for avian influenza H6 subtype among wild birds in the south of Western Siberia.
The participation of cyanobacteria in reducing the concentration of fusariotoxins and heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions (model experiments)
Authors: Domracheva L. I. , Skugoreva S. G. , Fokina A. I. , Zagoskin М. A. , Аshikhmina Т. Ya.
Published: April 2021

Aim. The goal was to establish the effect of soil cyanobacteria (CB) Fischerella muscicola, Nostoc paludosum and Nostoc linckia on change in the concentration of heavy metal ions (HM) and fusariotoxins in aqueous media.

Material and Methods. In order to plot the kinetics of sorption by dry biomass of CB Fischerella muscicola and Nostoc paludosum of copper(II), lead(II) and cadmium ions from solutions with a concentration of 10‐4mol/L, the method of potentiometry with ion‐selective electrodes was used. The concentration of fusariotoxins in the filtrate of the contact medium of Fischerella muscicola CB and Nostoc linckia with F. culmorumwas determined by HPLC.

Results. The kinetics of sorption of TM ions by dry biomass of the CB isbest described by a modified second‐order model. According to the model, the sorption process limits the ion exchange reaction. In the presence of CB Fischerella muscicola and Nostoc linckia with a titer of 1.8∙106 cells/mL (1:100 dilution), a decrease in toxin and lycomarasmin in T‐2 medium occurs. However, this increases the concentration of fusaric acid and deoxynivalenol. In the variant where the titer of CB is equal to 1.8∙107cells/mL, the concentration of lycomarasmin is significantly reduced, while there is no change in the concentration of other fusariotoxins.

Conclusion. Dry biomass of CB, having a high bisorption potential, can act as a good biosorbent with respect to copper(II), lead(II) and cadmium ions. A decrease in the concentration of fusariotoxins indicates the possibility of isolating active CB substances that can inhibit the biosynthesis of certain toxins of micromycetes of the genus Fusarium, reducing both the phytotoxicity of plant growth media and increasing the safety of crop production.
Synthesis and Characterization of Benzodioxinone-Bearing Methacrylate-Based Random Copolymer via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: ÇELİK Cumali , ACİK Gokhan
Published: April 2021

Methacrylate-benzodioxinone (BDMA) as a monomer was firstly synthesized and then copolymerized with methyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in the presence of CuCl/pentamethyldiethylene triamine (PMDETA) catalytic system using ethyl 2-bromopropionate (EtBrP) as an initiator. Successful formation of the block copolymer was also confirmed in detail by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) appropriately. Secondly, photochemical acylation of obtained copolymer through hydroxyl and benzodioxinone groups led to the release of benzophenone compound and ester-linkage on the polymer backbone. The formation of ester-linkage increases the glass transition temperature and the thermal stability of the obtained copolymer.
Cinegrafías: Proto-animación en CINEGRAF
Authors: Barata Júlia
Published: April 2021

El CINEGRAF es un proyector argentino de los 70’s, ideado como juguete para pasar películas de [proto] animación para niños. Se trata de un proyector muy simples y mecánico de dibujos sobre cinta de papel qué funciona con lamparilla común. Los dibujos venían en frames con globos de texto, cual historieta, y se pasaba de viñeta rotando la manivela pasado el tiempo de lectura de cuadro. Seria semejante a la lógica de las diapositivas, en que a cada diapositiva corresponde a una viñeta, a través de un aparato mucho más primitivo. Muchos niños sin televisión habrán descubierto en horas de experimentación lúdica como ver sus historias dibujadas animarse: con muy pocos recursos alguien puede hacer una película en cuestión de minutos. El papel puede ser papel manteco, papel vegetal, cualquier papel semi-traslucido; se cortan tiras que se pueden pegar con cinta scotch entre si para alcanzar la longitud que se quiera; se dibuja, se enrolla y se proyecta la película. ¿Como un juguete tan mágico y lúdico cayó en el olvido?
Dossier gráfico de El Eternauta
Authors: Un Faulduo Colectivo artístico
Published: April 2021

El Eternauta es una historieta argentina creada por Héctor G. Oesterheld con dibujos de Francisco Solano López, publicada inicialmente en la revista Hora Cero entre 1957 y 1959 y considerada, retrospectivamente, como una de las primeras novelas gráficas. Cuenta la historia de un grupo de hombres y mujeres liderados por Juan Salvo (El Eternauta) que combaten una misteriosa nevada mortal que acecha el planeta. Esta versión fue rápidamente interpretada y resignificada alegóricamente, lo que la convirtió, como a ninguna otra historieta, en un clásico de la literatura universal. ¿Novela de anticipación, aventura pulp, relato distópico? Todo eso al mismo tiempo.
Pictura et sequentia: huellas de las bellas artes en la narración figurativa de Antonio Altarriba entre 1977 y 19911
Authors: García-Reyes David , Romero Santos Rubén
Published: April 2021

Los primeros años como creador de historietas de Antonio Altarriba son esenciales para entender algunos de los mejores hallazgos narrativos y estéticos del cómic español de finales del siglo XX. Además, la producción de Altarriba entre 1977 y 1991, en colaboración con diversos artistas gráficos, refleja algunas de las obsesiones estéticas y de las huellas de la historia del arte en la producción temprana del autor. Será el inicio de la construcción de un imaginario propio tan fértil como sugerente. Esta investigación rastrea esas citas y amplía el estudio del corpus secuencial de Altarriba, para apuntar algunas de las claves que han contribuido a señalarle como uno de los autores españoles más destacados de la narración gráfica contemporánea.
Ewolucja regulacji prawnych dotyczących obywatelskiej inicjatywy uchwałodawczej oraz jej praktyczne zastosowanie na przykładzie projektów uchwałodawczych zaproponowanych przez mieszkańców Łodzi
Authors: Niewiadomska-Cudak Małgorzata
Published: April 2021

Artykuł poświęcony jest problemowi obywatelskiej inicjatywy uchwałodawczej. Przedmiotem podjętych rozważań jest dokonanie analizy obowiązujących uregulowań prawnych dotyczących obywatelskiej inicjatywy uchwałodawczej. W artykule omówiono prace nad zmianami w polskim prawodawstwie, mające na celu ułatwienie w korzystaniu z tej formy aktywności społecznej. Na przykładzie Łodzi zaprezentowano aktywność obywateli w zakresie wnoszenia obywatelskiej inicjatywy uchwałodawczej tuż przed, jak i po zmianie przepisów. Tym samym przeanalizowano trafność i zupełność rozwiązań legislacyjnych w kontekście praktycznym.

Artykuł jest także odpowiedzią na pytanie, czy uregulowanie obywatelskiej inicjatywy uchwałodawczej w przepisach ustawowych rozwiązało dylematy prawne w tym zakresie. Uwzględnienie obywatelskiej inicjatywy uchwałodawczej w ustawach samorządowych to pierwszy krok w kierunku urzeczywistnienia fazy inicjatorskiej tworzenia przez mieszkańców lokalnego prawa, ale nie jedyny, który należy podjąć, aby owa instytucja zaistniała w świadomości mieszkańców.
ГОРОДСКОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВО КАК СЕМИОТИКО-МИФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ КОНСТРУКТ ВОСПРИЯТИЯ: МИФОЛОГИИ НОВОКУЗНЕЦКА
Authors: Пискунова Александра Евгеньевна
Published: April 2021

Актуальность исследования определена устойчивым интересом социально-гуманитарных наук к пониманию пространственного измерения городской жизни, реабилитацией мифического как значимой культурной реалии современности, а также необходимостью понимания практических проблем восприятия городского пространства, характерных для конкретных российских городов. Цель работы: выявить мифы и мифологии, которые определяют (ментальную) организацию восприятия пространства города. Методика: теоретико-методологической основой выступают феноменолого-когнитивный подход к пониманию образа городского пространства, а также семиотические и психоаналитические интерпретации мифа. Увиденное в реляционной перспективе пространство города рассматривается через когнитивно-семантические структуры, обуславливающие избирательность процесса восприятия. В рамках исследования проведен анализ интервью (собранных автором в апреле–августе 2019 г.) с жителями Новокузнецка (Кемеровская область), который позволил описать ключевые мифологии восприятия как содержания, возникающие в результате мифологизации городского пространства. Результаты. Показаны значение и роль мифологий восприятия для формирования классификационной модели пространственных явлений городской действительности. Формируемый человеческим восприятием образ пространства города определен как смысловая конструкция, отвечающая системе интерсубъективных значений и интрасубъективных смыслов городской картины мира. Полученные результаты позволили увидеть не только континуум актуальных мифологических представлений о пространстве Новокузнецка, но и идентифицировать, какое значение имеют пространственные содержания городской жизни для конституции социально-культурных действительностей. Выявлено, что мифотворческая активность субъектов городской жизни обнаруживается как стремление к миропорядку, которое отвечает базовой человеческой потребности в стабильности и гармонии.

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The carbon footprint of Brazilian households through the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF)
Authors: Cachola Celso da Silveira , Pacca Sergio Almeida
Published: April 2021

The main objective of this article is to assess the carbon footprint of Brazilian families based on the Household Expenditure Survey (POF), 2008-2009, from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The methodology used to quantify the Brazilian households’ carbon footprint has comprised three data sources: i) Household expenditure Survey, 2008-2009; ii) Leontief matrix of Brazilian accounts, year 2010; and iii) 2009 World Input-Output Database (WIOD) environmental inventory. Initially, an input-output (IO) model was created. Next, the results from the IO model were combined with the information of the POF. The poorest families, with a monthly income of up to $ 415.00, emit less than 1.5 metric tons per year, in contrast, the wealthiest families, with a monthly income above $ 5,187.50, release around 18.5 tons, almost 12 times more. It was found that an increase in income, results in an increase in CO2eq emissions. Thus, while the poorest families, which represent more than 20% of the total Brazilian families, cause 7% of the total emissions, the wealthiest families cause 16% of the total emissions although they represent only 4% of the total families. It was observed that the food category loses importance as income increases, while the opposite occurs in the services category. For the poorest families, there is great importance in the housing category, mostly caused by the consumption of electricity and LPG. Therefore, important measures for economic growth supported by actions become particularly relevant.
Environmental and socioeconomic assessment of textile products consumption in Brazil - relationships with international trade
Authors: Giacomin Alessandra , Pacca Sergio Almeida
Published: April 2021

Textile products drive a significant portion of the world economy, providing jobs, and being present in every aspect of our lives in all countries around the world. However, in its production, issues related to environmental and social pressures emerge. Taking into consideration the growing concern related to environmental and social impacts, it is necessary to address the issue of emissions generated indirectly by the sectors that supply the textile industry. This work has carried out an environmental and socioeconomic assessment of the consumption of textile products in Brazil, considering the relationship with international trade. The methodology used was the Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) analysis, and the database used was Exiobase 3, for the year 2011. It was possible to conclude that most of the indirect impacts related to the textile industry are domestically generated. In the category of climate change and primary energy consumption, the sector that stood out was natural gas, with 51% of CO2 emissions and 33% of energy consumption. The largest share of indirect jobs is generated in the commercial sector with 34%, and the largest number of indirect employees are male with medium skill level, which represents 33%, followed by workers from the vulnerable class (self-employed) with 27%. Based on this analysis, it was possible to identify the greatest limitations related to socio-environmental aspects and the possible solutions to be adopted for this sector.
Evolución histórica de la concepción de la gestión de riesgos de desastres: algunas consideraciones
Authors: Rosales-Veítia José
Published: April 2021

Así como la ciencia ha avanzado a pasos agigantados desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, lo que hoy se conoce como gestión de riesgos ha pasado por una profunda transformación tanto conceptual como experimental, de allí que hoy por hoy se investigue principalmente desde las disciplinas sociales. En la actualidad, esta disciplina científica busca construir una equilibrada relación entre el ambiente y la sociedad humana. Existen países que están a la vanguardia en la temática, lo que permite vislumbrar que es viable para avanzar a un mundo mejor. El presente monográfico es una revisión documental sobre la concepción paradigmática de la gestión de riesgos de desastres a través de la historia y los postulados conceptuales básicos de la misma. Como conclusiones principales se obtiene: hoy por hoy, la gestión de riesgos ha pasado de atender de forma reactiva los eventos adversos a educar a la población para reducir los riesgos; además, para lograr buenos resultados en la gestión de riesgos de desastres es necesario empoderar a la población más expuesta a ocurrencia de eventos adversos.
Estudio fotoacústico de nanopartículas de oro por ablación láser
Authors: Rivera-Esteban Jesús Manuel , Olivas-Alvarez Agustin Benigno
Published: April 2021

En la presente tesis se investigó el cambio de morfología y tamaño de las nanopartículas de oro obtenidos por ablación láser, con diferentes métodos de reconfiguración. En el caso del oro, el blanco fue ablacionado con un láser pulsado de Nd: YAG, (1064 nm, 37.48 mJ/p, 10 Hz, durante 10 minutos), los espectros de absorción presentan un solo máximo de absorción a 521 nm característica de las nanopartículas esféricas de oro. Se aplicó la técnica PLI a los coloides con pulsos láser de 532 nm de longitud de onda, 25.8 mJ de energía durante 6 minutos. El análisis por dispersión dinámica de la luz (DLS) mostró que las NpsAu con PLI fueron de 21 nm de diámetro, además, se comprobó que la amplitud de la señal fotoacústica está relacionada directa y proporcionalmente con la concentración de NpsAu en el coloide evidenciando que a mayor concentración la respuesta fotoacústica es mayor. De la investigación se concluyó que la técnica PLI focalizada aplicada a los coloides con NpsAg presenta nuevas morfologías. En el caso del oro se encontró un cambio de tamaño.
Las cadenas globales de producción industrial en América Latina desde una perspectiva estructuralista
Authors: Lauxmann Carolina Teresita , Trevignani Manuel , Fernández Víctor Ramiro
Published: April 2021

A partir de la recuperación de los principales conceptos del estructuralismo latinoamericano, este trabajo busca poner en discusión las potencialidades y limitaciones del nuevo paradigma de desarrollo de la actualidad, el enfoque de cadenas globales de valor, que desde comienzos de este siglo ha tenido una importante influencia tanto en la comunidad académica como en los organismos internacionales. Para ello, se analiza la agudización de las características periféricas de las estructuras productivas latinoamericanas de las últimas décadas, asociadas a su inserción en las redes de producción global y se contrastan con las experiencias exitosas de transformación estructural que en este mismo escenario han podido consolidar algunos países de Asia del Este. De dicho análisis se desprenden elementos para repensar la importancia de la industrialización para el desarrollo y las políticas necesarias para impulsarla en el actual escenario de cadenas globales de producción.
Development of an Adaptive Trajectory Tracking Control of Wheeled Mobile Robot
Authors: Suarez-Rivera Guiovanny , Muñoz-Ceballos Nelson David , Vásquez-Carvajal Henry Mauricio
Published: April 2021

Classical modeling and control methods applied to differential locomotion mobile robots generate mathematical equations that approximate the dynamics of the system and work relatively well when the system is linear in a specific range. However, they may have low accuracy when there are many variations of the dynamics over time or disturbances occur. To solve this problem, we used a recursive least squares (RLS) method that uses a discrete-time structure first-order autoregressive model with exogenous variable (ARX). We design and modify PID adaptive self-adjusting controllers in phase margin and pole allocation. The main contribution of this methodology is that it allows the permanent and online update of the robot model and the parameters of the adaptive self-adjusting PID controllers. In addition, a Lyapunov stability analysis technique was implemented for path and trajectory tracking control, this makes the errors generated in the positioning and orientation of the robot when performing a given task tend asymptotically to zero.  The performance of the PID adaptive self-adjusting controllers is measured through the implementation of the criteria of the integral of the error, which allows to determine the controller of best performance, being in this case, the PID adaptive self-adjusting type in pole assignment, allowing the mobile robot greater precision in tracking the trajectories and paths assigned, as well as less mechanical and energy wear, due to its smooth and precise movements.
Evaluation of Load Capacity of Stratified Soils (2 Layers) by Means of Numerical Analytical Comparison
Authors: Quintero-Chamorro Jairo Alejandro , Martínez-Ortega Brayan Julián , Cruz-Velasco Lucio Gerardo
Published: April 2021

The methods for determining load capacity in stratified soils are numerous and differ in their methods and results. These differences in analysis lead to uncertainty in engineering practices or over-dimensioning of the foundation solution. This study seeks to determine three analytical methods of load capacity in stratified soils (2 layers) for shallow foundations: 1) Imaginary foundation, 2) Average parameter method (APM), and 3) Terzaghi's method to compare their results with those obtained from numerical modeling by means of the finite element method using a widely applied software (Abaqus academic version). Within the methodology developed in the finite element modeling, variables were parameterized (modulus of elasticity, depth of deflection, and displacement-load) and two behavioral laws were evaluated (Elastic and Drucker-Prager). The results that were obtained from the analysis show that when performing numerical modeling using the law of elastic behavior in soils of two layers, exaggerated results are generated with respect to analytical methods. Another important result is that when hard soils are on top of soft soils the results of numerical and analytical methods tend to be similar to each other. Most importantly, the variables that have the greatest influence on the load capacity in soils of one and two layers are the angle of friction, yield stress, and in the case of numerical analysis the constraint displacement (load). In addition, it was observed that for numerical modeling better results are obtained when considering an elastoplastic model, such as Drucker Prager.
Entre lo salvaje y la inocencia: lectura intertextual de La Vorágine y El abrazo de la Serpiente
Authors: Garay Cano Luz Adriana , Cubides Serrano Edwin
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo de reflexión tiene como propósito sugerir una nueva mirada sobre algunas narrativas que involucran la representación del indígena, y la compleja realidad que lo define mediante un análisis intertextual entre la obra literaria La Vorágine (1924) de José Eustasio Rivera y la película El Abrazo de la Serpiente dirigida por Ciro Guerra (2015). La investigación permite determinar que tanto la obra literaria como la película resignifican el papel del indígena en relación con la categoría de inocencia, como característica propia de esta comunidad. Así mismo, posibilitan una nueva lectura de algunos acontecimientos de la historia colombiana.
Caractérisation des ressources herbagères de l’enclave pastorale de Dadaria (Mainé-Soroa, Diffa) au Niger
Authors: Idrissa I. , Soumana Idrissa , Alhassane Ali , Morou Boubé , Mahamane A.
Published: April 2021

Cette étude a consisté à caractériser les pâturages de l’enclave pastorale de Dadaria en termes de diversité floristique, valeur pastorale, productivité et capacité de charge. Un inventaire floristique de la végétation herbacée a été réalisé sur 53 placettes du sud au nord. Les résultats ont montré que le site comportait 93 espèces dont 83 herbacées réparties dans 30 familles et 63 genres. La flore était largement dominée par les Poaceae, et le type biologique le plus abondant et le plus dominant était celui des thérophytes. Le spectre fourrager a montré que la valeur pastorale a varié de 60 % dans le groupement 1 (G1) à 70 % dans G3. L’indice global de qualité des herbages a suivi la même tendance et a fluctué de 58 % dans G1 à 64 % dans G4. Cinq espèces (Spermacoce chaetocephala DC. Hepper., Alysicarpus ovalifolius Schum. & Thonn., Zornia glochidiata Reich. ex DC., Digitaria argillacea (Hitch. & Chase) Fern., et Chloris prieurii Kunth.) déterminaient 75 % des contributions spécifiques des espèces. La production de phytomasse herbacée globale a été estimée à 3,4 tonnes de matière sèche (MS) par hectare et a varié selon le groupement. L’analyse du spectre de la production fourragère par espèce herbacée a indiqué que S. chaetocephala (68 kg MS/ha), A. ovalifolius (20 kg MS/ha), C. prieurii (15 kg MS/ha) et Z. glochidiata (9 kg MS/ha) étaient les plus productives. S. chaetocephala a été la plus contributive et la plus productive mais avec une faible valeur pastorale. La disparition progressive des graminées annuelles (Cenchrus biflorus Roxb. et la tribu des Aristideae), qui présentent un très bon fourrage sec sur pied pour le bétail durant la saison sèche au profit des légumineuses fourragères qui disparaissent juste après la saison pluvieuse en laissant l’enclave nue, constitue une dynamique régressive du tapis herbacé de cet écosystème pastoral sahélien.
Usages des fourrages ligneux et pratiques pastorales dans la communauté rurale de Téssékéré, Ferlo, Nord Sénégal
Authors: Bakhoum Amy , Sarr Oumar , Ngom Daouda , Diatta Sékouna , Ickowicz Alexandre
Published: April 2021

La communauté rurale de Téssékéré est à 97 % peule avec comme principale activité l’élevage extensif. La transhumance est pratiquée dans cette zone sur de petites ou grandes distances en fonction de la disponibilité du fourrage. Les enquêtes réalisées auprès des éleveurs de la localité ont permis d’identifier leurs pratiques pastorales et de recueillir leur perception sur l’état actuel de la végétation et son évolution, et les facteurs responsables de cet état. L’arbre est utilisé dans cette communauté dans l’alimentation humaine (94,3 %) et animale (94,3 %), dans la pharmacopée (82,8 %), et dans les usages domestiques comme bois de service (28,6 %) et de construction (37,14 %). Pour accéder aux différentes parties des arbres, les éleveurs pratiquent souvent la coupe ou l’élagage. Les espèces les plus exploitées sont Balanites aegyptiaca (14,3 % à 88,6 %), Calotropis procera (14,3 % à 28,6 %), Sclerocarya birrea (8,6 % à 25,7 %), Adansonia digitata (8,6 % à 20 %) selon les zones et les besoins. Une majorité d’éleveurs (51,4 %), conscients aujourd’hui de l’impact de ces pratiques sur le peuplement ligneux, a abandonné la coupe et pratique l’abaissement des branches pour nourrir le bétail.
Diversité herbacée dans les parcours du noyau de sélection du Centre de recherches zootechniques de Kolda en zone soudanienne du Sénégal
Authors: Kâ S.L. , Ly Mamadou Ousseynou , Diouf Mayécor , Diandy Mouhamadou , Guéye Moustapha , Mbaye Mame Samba , Noba Kandioura
Published: April 2021

Situé dans la zone soudanienne du Sénégal, le Centre de recherches zootechniques de Kolda est subdivisé en zone de parcours et en zone de cultures annuelles. Du fait de sa tolérance à la trypanosomose, la race Ndama est la seule race bovine qui fait l’objet d’étude de sélection dans le Centre. Cependant, on assiste depuis quelques années à une forte pression sur les zones de parcours liée à l’augmentation de la taille du troupeau et des superficies allouées aux cultures annuelles. Cela risque de réduire la diversité des espèces fourragères et ainsi d’impacter la performance génétique des animaux, compromettant les objectifs de sélection. Cette étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer l’effet combiné du surpâturage et des activités agricoles sur la structure taxonomique de la végétation herbacée dans un système semi-extensif. Des relevés de végétation ont été effectués dans les différentes unités d’occupation du sol en fin de saison des pluies dans 75 placettes de 0,25 mètre carré. Ainsi, 69 espèces réparties dans 43 genres et 13 familles ont été inventoriées. La richesse spécifique a été plus importante dans les jachères, suivies des zones de parcours avec respectivement 36 et 26 espèces.m². La diversité spécifique a été faible dans les champs de légumineuses et les champs de coton. Dans les zones de parcours ont surtout dominé les Rubiaceae (Diodia sarmentosa, Spermacoce stachydea) et les Lamiaceae (Mesosphaerum suaveolens), familles de plantes à faible appétibilité, ainsi que des graminées à enracinement profond (Andropogon gayanus, Schizachyrium sanguineum). Les résultats ont révélé que le système d’exploitation des terres du Centre affectait négativement la composition et la diversité des herbacées et favorisait la prolifération des espèces faiblement appétées par les bovins.
PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DISERTAI VIDEO BERBASIS KONTEKSTUAL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA DI SMA
Authors: Andriani Khantika , Subiki Subiki , Supriadi Bambang
Published: April 2021

This research aims: (1) to examine the influence of problem based learning models along with contextual-based videos on the learning outcomes of students in physics learning in sma (2) examining the influence of problem based learning models along with contextual-based videos on the science process skills of students in high school learning. The research model used is true experiment with posttest only control design research design. The research samples used are class X IPA 2 (experiment class) and X IPA 1 (control class) of Tamanan State High School. Data obtained include posttest results and science process skills scores. The data is analyzed with statistics consisting of homogeneity tests, normality tests, and independent sample t-test tests. From an independent sample t-test analysis obtained significantly (sig2-tailed) by 0,000 (0.000 ≤ 0.05), it can be concluded Ho was rejected and Ha accepted that there was a difference in the learning outcomes of the experiment class students better than the control class. This can be seen from the average posttest score of the experiment class of 72.48 while the average posttest value of the control class is 48.87. Based on the results of analysis of science process skills students through two experiments obtained scores in a row of 76.61 and 77.42 in the excellent category. Thus the problem based learning model accompanied by contextual-based video affects the learning outcomes and science process skills of students in high school.

Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Contextual Video, Physics Learning
SIMULASI ENERGI IKAT DAN ENERGI DISINTEGRASI PELURUHAN UNSUR RADIOAKTIF DERET AKTINIUM BERDASARKAN MODEL INTI TETESAN CAIRAN (TELAAH KLASIK)
Authors: Putri Maharani Karunia , Lesmono Albertus Djoko , Harijanto Alex
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research is to make simulation with Matlab application to calculate the binding energy and disintegration energy of Actinium series based of liquid drop model approach. This research is experimental description. The steps: 1) prepare literature studies of elements in the radioactive process; 2) reviewing some literatures; 3) do calculation simulation; 4) analyze and discuss the results of calculations; 5) conclude the research results. The calculation results show that the binding energy value of the Actinium Series based of liquid drop model approach is in accordance with the theory where the binding energy is directly proportional to the mass and the number of particles, so that the binding energy decreases in linear graph. The largest binding energy owned by 92U235 element is 1786,751 MeV. While the smallest binding energy owned by the 81Tl20 element is 1616,311 MeV. The disintegration energy found in the radioactive actinium series has a positive value, so this is in accordance with the conditions for the occurrence of decay, which is Q> 0. The largest disintegration energy produced from alpha decay by element  91Pa231 is 4.9335 MeV and the smallest binding energy generated from beta decay by the element 90Th231  is 0,0018 MeV.

 

Key Word: Disintegration Energy, Binding Energy, Liquid Drop Model Approach.
AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE IRANIAN CASSIDINAE (COLEOPTERA CHRYSOMELIDAE)
Authors: BOROWIEC LECH , GHAHARI HASSAN
Published: April 2021

Checklist for the Iranian Cassidinae Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is proposed. Based upon a literature review, a total of 47 species within two groups (former Cassidinae and Hispinae) and 13 genera, Cassida Linnaeus (27 species), Chiridula Weise (one species), Hypocassida Weise (2 species), Ischyronota Weise (5 spe-cies), Macromonycha Spaeth (one species), Oocassida Weise (one species), Oxylepus Desbrochers des Loges (one species), Pilemostoma Desbrochers des Loges (one species), Rhytidocassis Spaeth (2 species), Acmenychus Weise (2 species), Dicladispa Gestro (one species), Hispa Linnaeus (2 species), and Rhoptrispa S.-H. Chen & Tan (one species) are given for the Iranian Cassidinae. Among the listed species, Cassida prasina Illiger, 1798 is new record for the fauna of Iran
Missing by Design Patterns for Optimizing Survey Response by Efficient and Consistent Data Collection
Authors:   , Bahrami Sara
Published: April 2021

Respondent burden due to long questionnaires in surveys can negatively affect the response rate as well as the quality of responses. A solution to this problem is to use split questionnaire design (SQD). In an SQD, the items of the long questionnaire are divided into subsets and only a fraction of item-subsets are assigned to random subsamples of individuals. This will lead to several shorter questionnaires which are administered to random subsample of individuals. The completed sub-questionnaires are then combined and the missing values due to design are imputed by means of multiple imputation method. Identification problems can be avoided in advance by ensuring that the combination of variables in the analysis model of interest are jointly observed on at least a subsample of individuals. Furthermore, including an appropriate combination of items in each sub-questionnaire is the most important concern in designing the SQD to reduce the information loss, i.e. highly correlated items that explain each other well should not be jointly missing. For this reason, training data must be available from previous surveys or a pilot study to exploit the association between the variables. In this thesis two SQDs are proposed. In the first study a potential design for NEPS data is introduced. The data consist of items which can be divided and allocated into blocks according to their context, with the objective that the within block correlations are higher relative to the between block correlations. According to the design, the target sample is divided to subsamples. In addition to the items of a whole block which is assigned to each subsample, a fraction of items of the remaining blocks are randomly drawn and assigned to each subsample. Where items that belong to blocks with relatively higher correlations are drawn with lower probability. The design is evaluated by means of several ex-post investigations. The design is imposed on complete data and several models are estimated for both complete data and data deleted by design. The design is also compared with a random multiple matrix sampling design which assigns random subset of items to each sample individual. In the second study, a genetic algorithm is used to search among a vast number of SQDs to find the optimal design. The algorithm evaluates the designs by the fraction of missing information (FMI) induced by the design. The optimal design is the one with the smallest FMI. The optimal design is evaluated by means of several simulation studies and is compared with a random MMS design.
Zur Lebenssituation tschechischer Migranten im deutschen Sprachraum und deren Erstsprache Tschechisch
Authors:   , Huttenlocher Veronika
Published: April 2021

Verstärkt durch intensive Mobilität und Migration werden in Deutschland weit mehr Sprachen als nur das Deutsche gesprochen. Die vorliegende Dissertation befasst sich mit dem Tschechischen als Migrantensprache: Untersucht werden die tschechische Sprachkompetenz und das Sprachverhalten von Personen, die mit Tschechisch als Erstsprache seit längerer Zeit in Deutschland leben. Anhand eines Fragebogens und von Gesprächsaufzeichnungen wurden sowohl quantitative Daten erhoben als auch qualitative Aussagen analysiert. Trotz vielfach festgestellter Einflüsse der Zweitsprache Deutsch, hauptsächlich im lexikalischen Bereich, bleibt das Niveau der tschechischen Erstsprache bei der Mehrheit der Probanden hoch. Die tschechische Sprachkompetenz wird jedoch von einigen Aspekten beeinflusst: Das junge Alter bei der Ankunft in Deutschland und damit verbunden kein oder nur kurzer Schulbesuch in Tschechien sowie mangelnder Kontakt zu tschechischen Muttersprachlern und zu der Heimat wirken sich auf die tschechische Sprachkompetenz negativ aus. In Alltagssituationen wird Tschechisch gegenüber dem Deutschen trotz des hohen Grades der Integration der meisten Teilnehmer noch viele Jahre nach der Ankunft bevorzugt. Der Erhalt der tschechischen Sprache ist den meisten Probanden ein wichtiges Anliegen.
ANÁLISE MORFOESTRUTURAL E APLICAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DECLIVIDADE EXTENSÃO (RDE) NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO UBATUBA, DIVISA CE/PI, NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Belarmino Yuri da Silva , Bastos Frederico de Holanda
Published: April 2021

A bacia hidrográfica do rio Ubatuba está localizada na porção noroeste do estado do Ceará, na divisa com o Piauí, Nordeste do Brasil, e é caracterizada por aspectos morfoestruturais que condicionaram uma rede de drenagem repleta de anomalias. Tendo em vista a diversidade litológica, assim como a ocorrência de zonas de cisalhamento que cruzam o canal principal ao longo do seu perfil longitudinal, foi utilizado o índice RDE (Declividade – Extensão) para se interpretar as influências tectônicas e estruturais na drenagem em setores específicos. A presente pesquisa visa analisar a aplicação do índice RDE, além de outros índices morfométricos, na bacia do rio Ubatuba, contribuindo com a interpretação acerca da relação estrutural na organização da rede de drenagem. A pesquisa foi elaborada a partir de revisão bibliográfica acerca dos índices aplicados e do contexto morfoestrutural da área, seguida de trabalhos de campo e utilização de ferramentas de SIG. A rede de drenagem local apresenta um forte controle estrutural no alto curso associado à presença de cristas quartzíticas da Fm São Joaquim, além da influência das zonas de cisalhamento de direção NE, com ocorrências de padrões treliça e canais retilíneos. No médio e baixo curso a homogeneidade litológica dos setores do embasamento formado por rochas tenras justifica o padrão dendrítico, enquanto que nas áreas de deposição sedimentar cenozoica observam-se canais anastomosados, o que indica um baixo controle estrutural da drenagem nesses dois setores. A exceção ocorre nas áreas de exumação do granito Chaval, no baixo curso, e ao longo das zonas de cisalhamento, onde se constatam anomalias. O índice RDE identificou três principais setores de anomalias de 2ª ordem ao longo do canal principal do rio Ubatuba, sendo dois localizados no alto curso, associados à Falha de Ibuguaçu (ZC de Granja), e um localizado no médio curso, situado entre duas zonas de cisalhamento dextrais (ZC Estreito e ZC Santa Rosa). Cabe destacar que, além de possíveis relações tectônicas com anomalias fluviais, essas zonas de cisalhamento também coincidem com limites de unidades litológicas distintas, cuja ação erosiva diferencial pode condicionar inflexões nos canais.
WOODY DEBRIS CHARACTERIZATION IN A SMALL BASIN WITH ARAUCARIA FOREST
Authors: Campagnolo Karla , Kobiyama Masato
Published: April 2021

The effect that wood deposited in a river, woody debris (WD), causes on its hydrogeomorphic processes depends on the dimensions of the wood and the channel. Studies related to WD are still very rare in Brazil. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to demonstrate the feasible methodology of field survey and to characterize the WD along a natural channel inside the Perdizes stream basin, located in the municipality of Cambará do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul state. The study basin is characterized by the Mixed Rain Forest (Araucaria Forest), in a good condition of conservation. The final part of the stream, from its mouth, was divided into 3 sections. The WD field survey within these sections included orientation against the channel, size, origin and location. A topographic survey was carried out to construct the stream longitudinal profile. The results show that the volume and frequency of WD are directly related to the presence of araucaria in riparian vegetation. The total WD-quantity was compared with other rivers around the world. Furthermore, it was observed that the highest proportion of WD was oriented parallel to the flow direction, confirming an already known trend. In addition, the obtained results permit to say that the present methodology of field survey and of statistical analysis is useful for the DW dynamics study.
Impacto del desempeño de la tercerización de servicios logísticos en las Mypes exportadoras de uvas a EUA, 2020
Authors:   , Cadenillas Cerna Franco Enrique , Farge Delgado Sofia Yeseña
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo de investigación se tuvo como objetivo el determinar el impacto del desempeño de la tercerización de los servicios logísticos sobre el desempeño de las empresas MYPES exportadoras de uvas frescas a Estados Unidos. En el primer capítulo, se determinan los puntos clave para plantear diferentes sugerencias, se conoce y se plantea el problema en esta investigación. Asimismo, se exponen los antecedentes de diferentes investigadores y se desarrolla el marco teórico, objetivos e hipótesis (generales y específicos). En el segundo capítulo se explica el método que se usó, haciendo énfasis en el tipo y diseño de investigación, así como la población y la muestra, las variables tomadas en cuenta, los instrumentos de investigación y el procedimiento de recolección de datos. En el tercer capítulo se muestran el análisis de los resultados de ambos cuestionarios, la contrastación de hipótesis, donde se desarrolló la prueba de normalidad Shapiro-Wilk, el análisis factorial exploratorio, las correlaciones Rho de Spearman y las contrastaciones de las hipótesis, así mismo las discusiones, las conclusiones y las recomendaciones. Terminando con las referencias bibliográficas y los anexos (matriz de consistencia y cuestionarios).