bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREDICTED SIZES OF PRESSURE-SUPPORTED HI CLOUDS IN THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE VIRGO CLUSTER
Authors: Burkhart Blakesley , Loeb Abraham
Published: June 2016

Using data from the ALFALFA AGES Arecibo HI survey of galaxies and the Virgo cluster X-ray pressure profiles from XMM-Newton, we investigate the possibility that starless dark HI clumps, also known as “dark galaxies,” are supported by external pressure in the surrounding intercluster medium. We find that the starless HI clump masses, velocity dispersions, and positions allow these clumps to be in pressure equilibrium with the X-ray gas near the virial radius of the Virgo cluster. We predict the sizes of these clumps to range from 1 to 10 kpc, in agreement with the range of sizes found for spatially resolved HI starless clumps outside of Virgo. Based on the predicted HI surface density of the Virgo sources, as well as a sample of other similar resolved ALFALFA HI dark clumps with follow-up optical/radio observations, we predict that most of the HI dark clumps are on the cusp of forming stars. These HI sources therefore mark the transition between starless HI clouds and dwarf galaxies with stars.
Expression Levels of Some Detoxification Genes in Liver and Testis of Rats Exposed to a Single Dose of Methyl-Tertiary Butyl Ether
Authors: Ali Badr Ahmad , Saadat Mostafa
Published: June 2016

AIM: Methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), a well-known gasoline oxygenate compound, is still used in several countries. Several studies investigated the effects of MTBE on the activity of phase II metabolism enzymes. There is no published data on the effect(s) of short-term exposure to MTBE on mRNA levels of antioxidant genes. Therefore, the present study was carried out.METHODS: A total of 15 adults male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five equal experimental groups. They received a single dose of 0, 400, 800 and 1600 mg/Kg MTBE in peanut oil by gavages. The final group received no MTBE and peanut oil. After 24 hr animals were slaughtered then livers and testis were removed to extract the total RNA. Real-time PCR was done to detect the gene expressions of glutathione S-transferase family (Gstt1, Gstm1, and Gstp1). RESULTS: The mRNAs levels of the examined genes neither in liver nor in testis showed a significant difference between the exposed groups and control rats.CONCLUSIONS: The present data revealed that exposure to a single dose of MTBE has no significant effect on the mRNA levels of the Gstt1, Gstm1, and Gstp1 genes.
Qualidade de vida de crianças com paralisia cerebral: percepção de cuidadores
Authors: Braccialli Ligia Maria Presumido , Ferronato Bruna Pizetta , Rubira Ana Paula Fernandes De Angelis , Reganhan Walkiria Gonçalves , Sankako Andreia Naomi , Gonçalves Adriana Garcia , Speciali Danielli Souza
Published: June 2016

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da idade, do nível de comprometimento motor e do gênero na qualidade de vida (QV) de crianças com paralisia cerebral (PC).

MÉTODOS: Participaram 125 cuidadores primários de crianças com PC com idade entre 4 e 12 anos. Os participantes responderam os questionários: Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ-PF50) – versão para cuidadores e o Kidscreen 10 versão para os cuidadores. Foi realizada análise estatística dos dados. Para a comparação entre os grupos de meninos e meninas foi usado o Teste T de Student para grupos independentes. Para a análise da relação entre os domínios de QV e idade e o nível do Sistema de Classificação da Habilidade Motora Grossa (GMFCS) foi usado Teste de Correlação de Pearson.

 

RESULTADOS: O domínio atividades familiares apresentou o melhor escore e o domínio percepção de saúde o pior do CHQ-PF50 na percepção dos cuidadores. As crianças mais velhas e os meninos apresentaram a melhor QV, enquanto as crianças com menor comprometimento motor tiveram a pior.

 

CONCLUSÕES: O grau de comprometimento motor e a idade têm impacto na QV de crianças com PC e existe diferença na QV de meninas e meninos. 
Dança e flexibilidade: Interferências na Qualidade de Vida de Adultos
Authors: Delabary Marcela Dos Santos , Komeroski Isabel Giovannini , Schuch Felipe Barreto , Haas Aline Nogueira
Published: June 2016

OBJETIVO: Avaliar como a prática regular de dança, ligada a uma proposta de flexibilidade, pode interferir na qualidade de vida de indivíduos adultos.

MÉTODOS: Dez participantes entre 40 e 65 anos, de ambos os sexos, foram submetidos a 30 aulas de dança – com duração de uma hora e frequência de duas vezes por semana – com propostas de flexibilidade e dança inspiradas em cinco gêneros da dança de salão: bolero, salsa, forró, soltinho e samba. A flexibilidade foi avaliada através da medida de amplitude de movimento utilizando um Goniômetro e a qualidade de vida a partir do questionário SF-36. Esses instrumentos de coleta de dados foram aplicados antes e depois do período de prática. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado o software SPSS versão 18, sendo aplicado o Teste Wilcoxon para dados não paramétricos e o Teste t pareado para dados paramétricos, com o intuito de comparar o pré e o pós-intervenção. O nível de significância adotado para ambos os testes foi de p<0,05.

RESULTADOS: Aconteceram ganhos significativos (p<0,05) de flexibilidade em todas as articulações analisadas: flexão do quadril (direito=9,36%; esquerdo=9,40%), flexão lateral da coluna vertebral (direita=57,00%; esquerda=54,20%), flexão lateral da coluna cervical (direita=38,98%; esquerda=33,98%), rotação lateral da coluna cervical (direita=12,90%; esquerda=16,58%) e flexão da coluna cervical (37,30%); e melhora significativa em sete dos oito domínios da qualidade de vida no instrumento SF-36.

CONCLUSÕES: A prática regular de dança, ligada a uma proposta de flexibilidade, promoveu incrementos na flexibilidade e interferiu positivamente na qualidade de vida de indivíduos adultos.
Au commencement était… Martin Buber. Libres extraits de Je et tu
Authors: Buber Martin
Published: June 2016

Librement composé d’extraits de l’ouvrage fondateur de Martin Buber, Je et Tu , ce texte permet de lire en quels termes il définissait les deux « mots-principes » qui, selon lui, fondent deux sphères distinctes d’existence : le monde, originaire, de la relation, celui du Je-Tu , et le monde empirique des objets et des choses, celui du Je-Cela .
La relation perceptive en mésologie : du cercle fonctionnel d’Uexküll à la trajection paysagère
Authors: Berque Augustin
Published: June 2016

Dans le fil de l’ Umweltlehre d’Uexküll et du fûdoron de Watsuji, la mésologie distingue le donné environnemental brut ( Umgebung, shizen kankyô ) du milieu ( Umwelt, fûdo ). La perception relève d’une opération générale, la trajection , selon laquelle le donné environnemental est saisi (par les sens, l’action, la pensée et le langage) en tant que quelque chose ; opération analogue à la relation S/P (le sujet S en tant que prédicat P) en logique.
Réciprocité anthropologique et réciprocité formelle
Authors: Chabal Mireille
Published: June 2016

Les rapports humains sont souvent interprétés dans les sciences humaines et dans la vie comme des « échanges » obéissant à un principe formel de réciprocité auxquels la conscience humaine, préexistante, présiderait. Mais les « échanges » sont des transferts d’objets, au mieux des interactions, correspondant à la catégorie kantienne de la « communauté », action réciproque de l’agent et du patient ( Wechselwirkung ). Tous les rapports humains ne se réduisent pas à des échanges. L’échange, la réciprocité formelle, l’interaction, même dialectique, ne rendent pas compte de la réciprocité au sens anthropologique, qui est d’abord la matrice du langage. La différence est le Tiers, produit par la réciprocité anthropologique, interprété ici comme le sens et théorisé comme « tiers inclus » en faisant appel à la logique dynamique du contradictoire proposée par Stéphane Lupasco en 1951 pour interpréter la matière microphysique et la matière psychique.
Anthropologie et sociologie de la relation chez Helmuth Plessner
Authors: Dirakis Alexis
Published: June 2016

L’analyse du relationnel par Helmuth Plessner (1892-1985) est marquée par la conscience aiguë de l’ambivalence inhérente à l’interaction humaine : à la fois positive, transcendantale, empathique et salvatrice, d’une part, négative, aliénante, délétère ou tragique, d’autre part. Cet article s’efforce de synthétiser les principales dimensions, anthropologiques et sociologiques, mais également les ressorts éthiques et politiques de cette double considération du relationnel.
Le bain acide des relations de pouvoir. Critique de la socioanthropologie potestative
Authors: Vibert Stéphane
Published: June 2016

À suivre l’évolution récente de la pensée sociologique ou anthropologique, il semble que se dessine une hégémonie toujours plus forte d’une orientation potestative qui vise à « dissoudre toute forme de diversité culturelle dans le bain acide des “effets de domination” » (Sahlins). En effet, ce sont désormais les « relations de pouvoir » qui paraissent constituer le cœur du social, conçu comme naturalisation aliénante d’un discours dominant qu’il faut dévoiler afin de renforcer l’ empowerment des populations dominées. À rebours de cette position simplificatrice et réductionniste, l’approfondissement de la dimension symbolique de toute totalité socioculturelle invite à complexifier l’étude des « institutions du sens » par lesquelles apparaît un monde commun dans sa cohérence propre.
Pouvoir, domination, charisme et leadership
Authors: Caillé Alain
Published: June 2016

Pouvoir, domination, autorité, charisme, leadership, puissance, direction, etc. Personne n’est d’accord sur la définition (ou la traduction) de ces termes. On propose ici une série de définitions systématiques, inspirée à la fois par Weber, Mauss et Arendt.
La reconnaissance est-elle un devoir ? Arendt, Cavell et la problématisation d’un concept
Authors: Sparti Davide
Published: June 2016

Si la thématique de la reconnaissance puise ses racines dans l’œuvre de Rousseau et connaît son assomption dans la lecture de Hegel par Kojève, elle occupe une place si centrale dans les débats contemporains qu’elle s’impose comme un patrimoine conceptuel commun à la philosophie et aux sciences sociales. En dépit de cet accord unanime, lui fait défaut une détermination conceptuelle satisfaisante. Le présent article vise à déployer une perspective critique où sont d’abord analysées les positions de Charles Taylor et d’Axel Honneth, principaux représentants de la théorie dite « conventionnelle » de la reconnaissance, puis, en prenant appui sur Hannah Arendt et Stanley Cavell, les notions de « pluralité » et d’« action souveraine ». Sont enfin présentés les gains pratiques et conceptuels d’une politique de l’ acknowledgement (Cavell) comme approche alternative. Il ne s’agit en aucun cas de rejeter la catégorie de la reconnaissance mais, bien davantage, de problématiser sa surexploitation normative afin de tirer parti d’une image diversifiée, autrement plus féconde.
Ce qui se donne en prison. Relations et socialisations en institution totalisante
Authors: Petitgas Bernard
Published: June 2016

L’univers carcéral, en relation totale avec la société, est traversé comme elle par le don. Il est un puissant opérateur des relations symboliques et effectives qui marque les étapes socialisantes de la vie du détenu. Dans cette perspective, cet article montre comment, par de multiples pratiques de don, notamment lors de l’entrée puis de la sortie de prison, le travail de symbolisation des menus objets échangés vient, à son tour, symboliser la qualité de certaines formes de relation et de reconnaissance mutuelle.
Le partage
Authors: Wresinski Joseph
Published: June 2016

Joseph Wresinski, s’adressant à des personnes n’ayant pas l’expérience de la pauvreté, raconte comment dans son enfance ceux qui faisaient des dons à sa famille l’obligeaient à tout garder pour elle, à ne pas donner. Contrôlé, le pauvre doit aussi prouver qu’il est plus pauvre que le voisin. Découragé de donner, mis en concurrence avec l’autre, le pauvre prend une mentalité de refus de son frère. La communauté se fractionne, y compris dans le travail. Le collectif systématiquement sapé fait du pauvre l’instrument des forces religieuses, politiques, économiques. La relation première doit changer et permettre au pauvre de donner, car le don est essentiel : il est un partage d’amour et d’honneur.
États psychologiques et performance en judo : une analyse intra-match
Authors: Freund Émilien , Éloi Serge , Doron Julie
Published: June 2016

L’objectif de cette étude est de rendre compte des états psychologiques ( i.e. , évaluations cognitives, stratégies de coping, émotions) associés à la performance dans une situation de combat en judo. Cinq judokas masculins, inscrits sur les listes de haut niveau « catégorie jeunes », s’entraînant au Pôle Espoir Judo d’Île-de-France, ont participé à cette étude ( M âge  = 14.6 ± 1.14 ans). Un protocole vidéo reposant sur l’utilisation du panneau de séquençage du logiciel dartfish© a été mis en place pour mesurer de manière quantitative les états psychologiques pendant un combat de judo. Les résultats indiquent que les états psychologiques ( i.e. , évaluations cognitives, stratégies de coping, émotions) varient en fonction de la situation de performance dans laquelle se trouvent les judokas ( i.e. , points ou avantages perdus, égalité, points ou avantages marqués). Toutefois, des recherches supplémentaires s’avèrent nécessaires pour mieux comprendre les liens complexes qu’entretiennent les processus psychologiques et la performance.
Les habiletés d’autorégulation des conduites de transgression en sport : différences liées au niveau d’expertise et effets d’une approche éducationnelle par les pairs
Authors: Corrion Karine , Bistarelli Pascal , d’Arripe-Longueville Fabienne
Published: June 2016

Cet article présente les résultats de deux études complémentaires visant à mieux comprendre les modalités de développement des habiletés d’autorégulation en contexte sportif. La première étude a examiné les différences liées au niveau d’expertise sur les habiletés d’autorégulation des conduites de transgression en sport. La seconde a étudié les effets d’une approche éducationnelle par les pairs sur le développement de ces habiletés d’autorégulation. Dans l’étude 1, l’échantillon était constitué de 178 sportifs de niveau départemental-régional et de 49 sportifs de haut niveau. Dans l’étude 2, la population était constituée de 6 tuteurs sportifs de haut niveau et de 99 lycéens. Les résultats de l’étude 1 montrent que les sportifs de haut niveau se perçoivent plus capables de résister à la pression sociale et se désengagent moins moralement que leurs homologues moins experts. Les résultats de l’étude 2 montrent qu’une intervention reposant sur un tutorat entre pairs a un effet sur les scores d’efficacité autorégulatrice de la pression sociale et l’auto-efficacité sociale des tutorés. Ces études suggèrent que les capacités d’autorégulation pourraient se développer à la fois avec le niveau d’expertise et grâce à des interventions adaptées.
Quand les sportifs/ves jugent leur propre identité de genre : une asymétrie cognitive dans les opérations d’auto-évaluation
Authors: Ruchaud François , Fontayne Paul , Chalabaev Aïna
Published: June 2016

Les différences constatées entre les sexes dans la pratique des activités physiques et sportives peuvent s’expliquer notamment par la désapprobation sociale et les sanctions qu’encourent les athlètes qui pratiquent des activités non congruentes avec leur sexe. Dans le domaine du sport, cette stigmatisation est souvent associée à l’orientation sexuelle (Schmalz, Kerstetter, & Anderson, 2008) et l’identité de genre des sportifs est remise en question. L’objectif de cette étude est d’étudier la manière dont les adolescents/tes (re)définissent cette dernière en fonction de leur pratique sportive. Pour cela, soixante-huit sportifs (18 hommes et 50 femmes) âgés en moyenne de 14.5 ans ( ET  = 2.59 ans) ont rempli la version française du questionnaire d’Évaluation multidimensionnelle de l’identité de genre (EMIG). Les résultats mettent en évidence une asymétrie dans les dimensions cognitives d’auto-évaluation de l’identité de genre qui s’expliquerait davantage par la hiérarchie sociale qui existe entre les hommes et les femmes que par le type d’activité pratiqué. Ainsi, plutôt que d’avoir une identité de genre inversée, les sportifs pratiquant des activités contraires aux stéréotypes de sexe la réinventeraient.
Effect of SiO2 Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Low Velocity Impact Properties of Epoxy/Glass Composites
Authors: Landowski Michał , Imielińska Krystyna
Published: June 2016

Flexural strength and low velocity impact properties were investigated in terms of possibile improvements due to epoxy matrix modification by SiO2 nanoparticles (1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%wt.) in glass/epoxy laminates formed using hand lay-up method. The matrix resin was Hexion L285 (DGEBA) with Nanopox A410 - SiO2 (20 nm) nanoparticle suspension in the base epoxy resin (DGEBA) supplied by Evonic. Modification of epoxy matrix by variable concentrations of nanoSiO2 does not offer significant improvements in the flexural strength σg, Young’s modulus E and interlaminar shear strength for 1% 3% and 5% nanoSiO2 and for 7% a slight drop (up to ca. 15-20%) was found. Low energy (1J) impact resistance of nanocomposites represented by peak load in dynamic impact characteristics was not changed for nanocompoosites compared to the unmodified material. However at higher impact energy (3J) nanoparticles appear to slightly improve the impact energy absorption for 3% and 5%. The absence or minor improvements in the mechanical behaviour of nanocomposites is due to the failure mechanisms associated with hand layup fabrication technique: (i.e. rapid crack propagation across the extensive resin pockets and numerous pores and voids) which dominate the nanoparticle-dependent crack energy absorption mechanisms (microvoids formation and deformation).
Theoretical Method of Prediction of the Optimal Bus Leasing Contract Time which Based on the Transit Agency Targets and Safety on the Traffic Routs
Authors: Zimanov Lev , Pozhivilov Nikita
Published: June 2016

Fleet management is one of the key issues for transit agency in terms of increasing reliability, quality and satisfaction of the customers. There are different ways to renew the fleet, such as leasing, short and long terms loans, renting and even full price purchasing. Leasing, as a way to renew bus fleet, is one of the most convenient and popular method nowadays, due to the financial advantages of this method.Duration of bus leasing affects on bus service life, which in turn affects the income from bus and the technical and economical parameters of a fleet agency. Manager need to make a forecast of transportation and economical work, before the sign off a lease contract with a lessor. Detailed and precise forecasts of the technical and economical parameters are the key inputs for decision making affect on the income and operation parameters of the fleet, economical sustainability of the company and costumers satisfaction rate.This paper examines the problem of determining the optimum service life of buses which are purchased through leasing by a transit agency.The proposed procedure method consists of a 3-steps model. First step is choosing several leasing duration and payments per month; Second step is economical calculation for selected cases and determining the most suitable for company. The last step is comparison the calculated forecast with normative parameters.The proposed method can be used as a fleet management tool for any bus transit agency.
Exergy Analysis of a Solar-Driven Dual Parallel-Connected Ejector Refrigeration System
Authors: Abdella Mohammed Yahya Gaafar , Suriwong Tawat , Somkun Sakda , Maroyi Timeyo Mkamanga
Published: June 2016

Nowadays, developing solar cooling technologies, especially ejector refrigeration system, has become preferable to scientific researchers. Exergy analysis is a technique in which the basis of evaluation of thermodynamic losses follows the second law rather than the first law of thermodynamics. An experimental exergy analysis of a solar-driven dual parallel-connected ejector (DPE) refrigeration system was conducted using water as working fluid. Saturated steam with 2 bar and 120oC was provided by heat–pipe evacuated tube solar collector with an assistant of an electric heater. The saturated stream was used as a motive flow for the ejectors. The exergy destruction and exergetic efficiency of the main components of the DPE refrigeration system were determined and compared with those when using a single ejector (SE) under same operating conditions. It was found that the most irreversibilities of both systems occurred at the solar collector, electric boiler and ejectors, respectively. Also, the total irreversibility (Exergy destruction) of the system when using DPE was lower than using a SE. In additions, the exergetic efficiency of the ejector, evaporator, and overall system when using DPE were increased by 21%, 10%, and 27%, respectively. The system thermal ratio (STR) and coefficient of performance (COP) of the system using DPE compared with SE were increased by 20% and 23%, respectively.
Insulation Resistance and Leakage Current in PV Modules and Strings with Different Grounding Configurations
Authors: Sitthiphol Nopphadol , Sirisamphanwong Chatchai , Ketjoy Nipon , Sriprapha Kobsak
Published: June 2016

Thailand is located in the tropical zone dominated by monsoons for more than six months in a year. These climatic conditions illustrate elevated relative humidity and temperature that contributes to Potential Induced Degradation (PID). Humidity has been reported to be potential cause of degradation in the systems with high voltages. Moisture helps leakage currents in passing through laminate permeation and back sheet from cell to ground frame. The PID occure in PV systems when connected in series using DC voltages of high orders. This research shows comparisons of both PV systems, with negative grounding and floating grounding with a system voltage about 800 Vdc. Investigations of insulation resistance (MΩ) in PV strings and modules after two years operation has been done. It was found that the decrement in average insulation resistance (MΩ) of PV string using negative grounding, floating grounding was 14.5 MΩ, 11.0 MΩ and average leakage current per string was 68.9 µA, 90.9 µA respectively. Moreover, the wet leakage current per module showed the decrement in average insulation resistance (MΩ.m2) was 174 MΩ.m2, 133 MΩ.m2 and average leakage current per module was 5.75 µA, 7.51 µA respectively.
Land Use Assessment of Economic Crops for Photovoltaic Power Plant in Phetchabun Province
Authors: Chiramakara Teerarat , Thanarak Prapita
Published: June 2016

This research is aiming at the changing land use from agricultural land to photovoltaic power plant. Geographic information system (GIS) technology was used to indicate the unsuitable areas for five economic crops that are paddy, sugar cane, maize, cassava and para rubber. The assess cost, income, and CO2 emission of the economic crops and photovoltaic power plant are the major factors for the unsuitable agricultural land deciding that will be changed to build photovoltaic power plant. The results found that the unsuitable areas for the 5 economic crops are 241,142 rai and the average solar irradiance is 17.6 MJ/m2.day for this areas which is suitable to build the photovoltaic power plant. The profit/losing of paddy, sugar cane, maize, cassava and para rubber in the suitable areas are-1,193 baht/ton, 33 baht/ton, 85 baht/ton, 259 baht/ton and-9,150 baht/ton, respectively while photovoltaic power plant cost and income are 4.12 baht/kWh and 5.65 baht/kWh respectively. CO2 emission of paddy, sugar cane, maize, cassava, para rubber and photovoltaic power plant are 2,315 kgCO2eq/tonpaddy, 37.15 kgCO2eq/ton, 256.12 kgCO2eq/ton, 29.07 kgCO2eq/ton, 153 kgCO2eq/ton and-0.5743 kgCO2eq/kWh, respectively. From these results, land use changing from economic crops planting in unsuitable areas to build photovoltaic power plant is appropriate and worth in the environmental and the economic aspect.
Techno-Economic Performance Evaluation and Enhancement for a PV – Diesel Hybrid System
Authors: Tendo Ivan , Sirisamphanwong Chatchai
Published: June 2016

In this research paper, an illustration for system size optimization for a stand-alone PV – diesel hybrid system is obtained. The requirement is to obtain an optimal size that can meet energy demand at an optimized cost for a given lifetime period of the project, this will be achieved using HOMER software to further improve the system parameters like performance ratio, renewable energy fraction, MATLAB will be used. This research study will be done basing on a system currently installed at the School of Renewable Energy, Naresuan University (SERT), this system has a capacity of 120 kW, and it is a hybrid system with PV array, Diesel generator and battery storage system. The cost parameters that will be addressed are; - Net present cost (NPC), Cost of Energy (COE), Capital cost (CC). The initial size of the hybrid system is PV-120kW, Diesel generator -100kW and battery storage of 200kWh after modelling and simulation with HOMER software using special models to show the predicted performance of the final outcome, the optimal size created has a PV size of 100kW, diesel generator with a size of 100kW and battery storage of 100kWh and compared to the initial system COE od 1.01$/kWh, the optimal size has a COE of 0.934$/kWh.
Microwave Irradiation Synthesis of Sb2S3 and its Optical Characteristic
Authors: Klinbumrung Arrak , Pilapong Chalermchai , Suriwong Tawat
Published: June 2016

Antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) nanostructure was synthesized using a 600 W microwave irradiation technique. The precursors including Sb(CH3CO2)3 and Na2S2O3.5H2O were dissolved into 50 mL ethylene glycol (EG) solution with containing 0 and 1 g of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). Phase, morphology and optical properties of the as-synthesized products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL). Energy band gap of Sb2S3 nanostructure exhibits the value of 1.90 and 2.06 eV for synthesizing condition with and without HEC containing, respectively.
Demand and Supply of Crude Palm Oil for Biodiesel Production towards Food and Energy Security
Authors: Nutongkaew Pranee , Waewsak Jompob , Kiratiwibool Warangkhana , Gagnon Yves
Published: June 2016

Energy and food security are two key national policies and agenda of Thailand. The Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy has modified a 15-year (2008-2021) Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP). According to the modified AEDP, the share of renewable and alternative energy consumption should increase to 25% by 2021. The latest policy aims to promote the biodiesel consumption and production by 5.97 million liters/day within 2021, up from its previous plan of 4.50 million liters/day while nowadays production capacity is 1.62 million liters/day. The current and anticipated production of biodiesel require raw materials, notably crude palm oil (CPO) from oil palm plantations. This paper presents a feasibility study, with respect to the AEDP plan, for biodiesel production by using domestic fresh fruit oil palm as a raw material. Demand and supply are analyzed based on statistical modeling and forecasting techniques, as well as GIS spatial analysis. The results show that the domestic CPO consumption for cooking palm oil will be 1.02 million tons/year, while biodiesel production will be 1.67 million tons/year in 2021. This corresponds to an oil palm plantation area of 11,152 km2 in 2021. Based on GIS spatial analysis along with land-use database and other relevant databases, it was found that the suitable area for palm oil plantation in Thailand is 14,639 km2, which is sufficient for domestic demand and consumption. The suitable area consists of 9,664 km2 for quite suitable and 4,975 km2 for medium suitable. However, the government should provide the guidelines, along with pro-active and supportive policies for worst case scenarios, e.g. drought and flood leading to the insufficient raw material, in order to reduce the negative impacts of biodiesel production for domestic demand and consumption.
Effect of Tilt and Azimuth Angle on the Performance of PV Rooftop System
Authors: Singh Himanshu , Sirisamphanwong Chatchai , Santhi Rekha S.M.
Published: June 2016

This paper focuses on to evaluate technical performance of PV roof top system. This system totally consists of 168 polycrystalline modules in which 14 are connected in series and 12 are connected in parallel. The total capacity of the system is 50 kWp, in which each module has the rated power capacity of 305 Watt. This system is connected to three 20kW inverters and which intern is connected to grid. Tilt angle and orientation is obtained by MATLAB 7.10 and PVsyst software for each 150 change in tilt angle, the variation in solar irradiance absorbed by the PV modules, variation in energy produced by the modules and the variation in the final yield are observed. MATLAB software is also used to find the curve fitting by using surface fitting tool. The result showed that at 150 tilt and 450 azimuth angles, the maximum yield and effective energy were obtained as 4.65 h/day and 1394 kWh/kWp/year respectively.
An Estimation of Thailand's Hourly Solar Radiation Using Markov Transition Matrix Method
Authors: Wibun Anuchit , Chaiwiwatworakul Pipat
Published: June 2016

To estimate global solar radiation from easy available weather forecast data (sky condition), Markov model is used for this estimation. The five-year (1996-2000) global radiation data that are taken at an hour intervals from Nakhon Pathom station, Thailand (latitude 13.81ºN and longitude 100.04ºE) are used to construct the Markov transition matrices. The global radiation sequences in 2000 will be generated by based on the characteristic probability of moving global radiation values which were observed from the obtained data during 1996-1999. The autocorrelation function is used for checking the order of probability of moving obtained data. In this study, the five first and five second-order Markov transition matrices (MTMs), which are selected from the autocorrelation functions, are constructed, each MTMs will be used for generating global radiation values in each day with different sky conditions (clear, partly cloudy, mostly cloudy, cloudy and overcast). From the results of comparison between the statistical characteristics of observed and two synthetic generated data, global radiation data behavior slightly improved by the second order Markov model.
Micro Static Var Compensator for Over-Voltage Control in Distribution Networks with High Penetration of Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Pachanapan Piyadanai , Inthai Phudit
Published: June 2016

A micro static var compensator (µSVC) is introduced in this work to prevent the over-voltage problems in radial distribution networks with high number of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) connections. The µSVC is aimed to use in the PV system that has the fixed-power factor inverter, which cannot provide the active voltage controllability. The µSVC is a small shunt compensator installed parallel with the PV system and providing the automatic reactive power support to deal with the dynamic voltage variations at the point of common coupling. Two reactive power control methods, Q(P) and Q(V), can be employed into each µSVC depending on the location of PV systems. Moreover, the coordinated reactive power control among µSVCs, without communication system requirement, is presented for enhancing the Volt-Var controllability to the group of PV systems located in the same feeder. The dynamic voltage control performances are examined on simulation in DIgSILENT PowerFactory software. The results showed that the proposed control method can mitigate the rise of voltage level sufficiently.
Comparison of Graph Theory Approach with other Methods on Transmission Loss Allocation Problem in Deregulated Electricity Market
Authors: Shafeeque Ahmed K. , Prabhakar Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Sahoo Sarat Kumar
Published: June 2016

In a deregulated electricity market the generating and distribution companies enter into various levels of contracts for primary energy transaction. In real time, the losses due to these contracts must be economically supplied by Independent system operators (ISOs). Graph Theory is employed in many fields of engineering especially in transmission loss allocation problem to formulate a given network’s behavior. Graph theory based loss allocation method gives satisfactory results over the other existing methods in terms of technical suitability and various transactions. Loop based representation approach is used for the network formulation. Compared to other loss allocation methods, this method distributes losses to the different participants in a lucid manner. In this paper, a comparison of graph theory based loss allocation method over the other existing methods like proportional sharing, Z bus and modified Z bus loss allocation is made. The results are shown for a sample 4 bus system and IEEE14 bus system. The simulation is carried out using MATLAB (R 2014a).
Thermofluidodynamic Evaluation of Oil-Water Flow in the Presence of a Leak in Curved Connection: Modeling and Simulation
Authors: de O. Buriti Cidronia Janiclebia , Sarmento Lígia Rafaely Barbosa , Moreira Gicélia , de Farias Neto Severino Rodrigues , Gilson Barbosa de Lima Antonio
Published: June 2016

Oil transport is used mainly by pipeline networks to transport oil from refineries and distributions points to the consumers. This is the main way to transport oils especially in areas of difficult access, ensuring efficiency, lowest cost and safety. In the chemical and petroleum industry it is possible to observe the presence of leak in the pipes, which has stimulated the development of reliable techniques for the rapid and accurate detection of leaks along the pipe in order to eliminate or minimize loss and environmental damage. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the effect of the numerical presence of leakage of two-phase flow (oil-water) pipe connections using the commercial software ANSYS CFX. The results from the fields of pressure, velocity and volume fraction are presented and assessed for illustrating the effect of the presence of the leak in the dynamic flow in the pipe with a curved connection.
Analysis of Oil-Water-Gas Three-Phase Flow in a Curved Leaking Pipe
Authors: Leite Boniek Evangelista , de Farias Neto Severino Rodrigues , Gilson Barbosa de Lima Antonio , Sarmento Lígia Rafaely Barbosa
Published: June 2016

The onshore and offshore production of oil and natural gas is characterized by the multiphase flow in ducts and pipes, which are interconnected by various equipments such as wellhead, pumps, compressors, processing platforms, among others. The transport of oil and oil products is essential to the viability of the sector, but is susceptible to failures, that can cause great environmental damage. Considering this necessity of the transportation sector of oil and derivatives, leakage in pipelines with curved connections, are the object of study for various researchers. In this sense, this work contributes to the study of three-phase flow (oil-water-gas) in a curved pipe (90°) using Computational Fluid Dynamics. The physical domain is constituted by two tubes of 4 meters trenched by a 90° curve, with the poring whole in the curvated accessory. The mathematical model is based on a particle model, where the oil is considered as a continuous phase and the water and gas as a particulate phase. The SST (Shear Stress Transport) turbulence model was adopted. All simulations were carried out using the Ansys CFX® 12.1 commercial code. Results of the pressure, velocity and volumetric fraction of the phases are presented and discussed.
Numerical Evaluation of the Pressure Drop in Multiphase Flow of the Catenary Riser with the Presence of Leakage
Authors: Tavares Daniela Passos Simões de Almeida , Sarmento Lígia Rafaely Barbosa , Barbosa Enivaldo Santos , de Farias Neto Severino Rodrigues , Gilson Barbosa de Lima Antonio
Published: June 2016

The growing demand for oil brings the need for discovery of deeper reservoirs, especially of ultra-deepwater reservoirs. Thus, production in marine systems using components such as risers (flexible or rigid pipes) has been the focus of many studies in different areas. These ducts are used in the transportation of multiphase fluids (oil, water and gas) produced from the oil well located on the seabed to the platform surface. Due to the extreme conditions present in the offshore fields of production, the equipments that transport produced fluids operate close to their limits. So eventually, the flexible pipes may have structural integrity faults like leaks, which can cause production losses, accidents with victims and environmental disasters. The leak depends of a number of properties or parameters measured at the site of the leak, for example, integrity of the pipe material, release of fluids and noise emission characteristics or manifestation of some other type of signal behavior, variation of pressure drops close to the leak, among others. There are a variety of techniques available for detecting leaks, among which there is the mathematical modeling approach using computational techniques. In this context, this paper aims to study the fluid dynamics of a transient multiphase flow in a catenary riser in the presence of leakage. Herein a 3D Eulerian-Eulerian model was applied, including the turbulent model (RNG k-ε), using the commercial package ANSYS CFX® 15 to perform all simulations. The numerical results of velocity, volume fraction and pressure of the involved phases are presented and discussed.
Drying Characteristics of Fine-Particle Lignite in Paddle Dryers
Authors: Zhang Shu Ping , Liu Xin Zhi , Yang Gang , Zhang Hou Lei
Published: June 2016

Drying is an important way to improve the quality of lignite with high moisture. In this paper, a single-shaft paddle dryer experimental system was built to investigate the drying characteristics of fine-particle lignite with diameter 0-5mm. The experimental results show that with the increasing in shaft rotation speed the flow rate of lignite increases linearly approximately and the residence time decreases correspondingly. Increasing the inclination angle of dryer frame helps increase the flow rate. Both shaft rotation speed and heating source (heat transfer oil) temperature have significant effects on outlet moisture content of lignite. Shaft rotation speed affects the average heat transfer coefficient greatly and heating source temperature affects it weakly for specified conditions. It is found that for 5-12mm coarse-particle lignite, flow is not smooth and the average heat transfer coefficient is much less than that of fine-particle lignite. This research shows that it is feasible technically to dry fine-particle lignite by using paddle dryers, but not suitable to dry coarse-particle lignite.
An Embedded Ghost-Fluid Method for Compressible Flow in Complex Geometry
Authors: Al-Marouf M. , Samtaney R.
Published: June 2016

We present an embedded ghost-fluid method for numerical solutions of the compressible Navier Stokes (CNS) equations in arbitrary complex domains. The PDE multidimensional extrapolation approach of Aslam [1] is used to reconstruct the solution in the ghost-fluid regions and impose boundary conditions at the fluid-solid interface. The CNS equations are numerically solved by the second order multidimensional upwind method of Colella [2] and Saltzman [3]. Block-structured adaptive mesh refinement implemented under the Chombo framework is utilized to reduce the computational cost while keeping high-resolution mesh around the embedded boundary and regions of high gradient solutions. Numerical examples with different Reynolds numbers for low and high Mach number flow will be presented. We compare our simulation results with other reported experimental and computational results. The significance and advantages of our implementation, which revolve around balancing between the solution accuracy and implementation difficulties, are briefly discussed as well.
Verification and Validation of a Detonation Computational Fluid Dynamics Model
Authors: Wang Rui Li , Liang Xiao , Lin Wen Zhou , Liu Xue Zhe , Yu Yun Long
Published: June 2016

Verification and validation (V&V) are the primary means to assess the accuracy and reliability in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. V&V of the multi-medium detonation CFD model is conducted by using our independently-developed software --- Lagrangian adaptive hydrodynamics code in the 2D space (LAD2D) as well as a large number of benchmark testing models. Specifically, the verification of computational model is based on the basic theory of the computational scheme and mathematical physics equations, and validation of the physical model is accomplished by comparing the numerical solution with the experimental data. Finally, some suggestions are given about V&V of the detonation CFD model.
Fluid-Structure-Interaction in Rocket Thrust Chambers Simulation and Validation
Authors: Haupt M.C. , Kowollik D. , Lindhorst K. , Hötte F.
Published: June 2016

This paper describes the simulation approach for the analysis of fluid structure interactions(FSI) of rocket thrust chambers. It is based on a partitioned approach and includes several buildingblocks: codes for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational structural mechanics(CSM) as well as techniques to handle non conforming surface grid and to solve the nonlinear coupledequations in time. One target application is the life time prediction and to simulate the structuralfatigue behaviour. Thus, cyclic loading conditions are important and are the motivation for a surrogatemodel, which is the focus of this contribution. It uses nonlinear mapping algorithms between surfacetemperature and heat flux in combination with a reduction of dimensionality via proper orthognal decomposition(POD). It can be used as a replacement of the time consuming CFD code and acceleratesthe FSI analysis several orders in time. Some applications regarding the validation of the FSI softwareenvironment finalize the description of the simulation approach showing that the simulation ofcomplex and multidisciplinary problems is laborious and needs a widespread understanding.
The State of Grain Boundaries and Grain-Boundary Diffusion in Ultrafine-Grained Mo Obtained by Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Popov Vladimir V. , Sergeev A.V.
Published: June 2016

The grain-boundary diffusion of Co in ultra-fine grained Mo processed by high-pressure torsion has been studied by emission Mössbauer spectroscopy and radio-tracer analysis. It is demonstrated that under the severe plastic deformation by high-pressure torsion the non-equilibrium grain boundaries are formed which are the ultra-fast diffusion paths. At annealing in the temperature range of 623-823 K the relaxation of the non-equilibrium boundaries proceeds and their properties approach to those of equilibrium boundaries of recrystallization origin.
Atomic Transport in Nano-Сrystalline Thin Films
Authors: Portavoce Alain , Hoummada Khalid , Chow Lee
Published: June 2016

Ge and B diffusion was studied in nanocrystalline Si, and Pd and Si self-diffusion was studied in nanocrystalline Pd2Si during and after Pd/Si reactive diffusion. These experiments showed that grain boundary (GB) diffusion kinetic is the same in micro-and nanoGBs, whereas triple junction (TJ) diffusion is several orders of magnitude faster than GB diffusion. In addition, GB segregation and GB migration can significantly modify atomic diffusion profiles in nanocrystalline materials, and atomic transport kinetics can be largely increased in nanograins compared to micro-grains, as well as during reactive diffusion, probably due to an increase of point defect concentration. These observations show that atomic transport in nanometric layers during reactive diffusion is complex, since GBs and TJs are moving and the proportion of GBs and TJs is changing during the layer growth.
The Effect of Processing Method on Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Plate Produced by Powder Metallurgy Technique
Authors: Shimabukuro T. , Daouk R. , Skupnjak J. , Nordman M. , Burrell M. , Sutanto L. , Abad A. , Garmestani Hamid , Ula N. , Foyos J. , Almahmoud K. , Almahmoud O. , Es-Said O.S.
Published: June 2016

Three Ti-6Al-4V plate materials produced by powder metallurgy technique, included pre-alloyed hydride-dehydride (HDH) plate rolled to 75% reduction in thickness, and two blended elemental (BE) powder plates rolled to 75% and 87% reduction were evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine differences in microstructure and toughness between the pre-alloyed HDH and BE Ti-6Al-4V materials processed to the same product form. Heat treatments were performed below the beta transus temperature at 982, 871, 760, and 732°C (1800, 1600, 1400, and 1350°F) for 1, 2, and 4 hours in order to determine differences in heat treating response, and above the beta transus at 1076°C (1970°F) to determine the transformation temperature. The samples were evaluated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Charpy impact testing was performed in order to determine differences in the energy absorbed during fracture. Pole figures (0002) of selected conditions were also performed in order to determine any differences in texture between the various conditions.
Evaluation of the Microstructure and Charpy Impact Toughness of Hot Worked Powder Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Dominguez A. , Ali A. , Orantes F. , Ula N. , Li Y. , Foyos J. , Garmestani H. , Tabei A. , Almahmoud K. , Almahmoud O. , Es-Said O.S.
Published: June 2016

Ti-6Al-4V powder, produced by the hydride-dehydride (HDH) process, was hot isostatically pressed (HIP) into three bars. The 10 cm (4 in) diameter bars were hot worked (HW) to three different diameters: 5.1 cm (2 in) (75% reduction in area), 3.8 cm (1.5 in) (86% reduction in area), and 2.5 cm (1 in) (94% reduction in area). Three samples were machined out of each bar along the end, middle and transverse orientations. These samples were ground, polished, and etched. The microstructure of the samples was evaluated at 100X and 200X magnifications. The objective of this experiment was to examine the effect of deformation on the microstructure and properties of hot rolled titanium alloy bar product. Charpy impact samples were also machined out of each of the various diameter bars. Impact testing was used to quantify toughness by correlating the microstructure to the energy absorbed. The tensile properties of the hot bars were determined as well as the crystallographic texture. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on the fractured surface of the Charpy impact samples.