bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Characterization of Human Monoclonal Antibodies for Immunoprophylaxis against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection
Authors: Giuntini Serena , Stoppato Matteo , Sedic Maja , Ejemel Monir , Pondish Jessica R. , Wisheart Danielle , Schiller Zachary A. , Thomas William D. , Barry Eileen M. , Cavacini Lisa A. , Klempner Mark S. , Wang Yang
Published: June 2018

Enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
(ETEC) causes diarrheal illness in infants in the developing world and travelers to countries where the disease is endemic, including military personnel. ETEC infection of the host involves colonization of the small intestinal epithelium and toxin secretion, leading to watery diarrhea.
Methylthioadenosine Suppresses Salmonella Virulence
Authors: Bourgeois Jeffrey S. , Zhou Daoguo , Thurston Teresa L. M. , Gilchrist James J. , Ko Dennis C.
Published: June 2018

In order to deploy virulence factors at appropriate times and locations, microbes must rapidly sense and respond to various metabolite signals. Previously, we showed a transient elevation of the methionine-derived metabolite methylthioadenosine (MTA) concentration in serum during systemic
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium infection.
Noncatalytic Antioxidant Role for Helicobacter pylori Urease
Authors: Schmalstig Alan A. , Benoit Stéphane L. , Misra Sandeep K. , Sharp Joshua S. , Maier Robert J.
Published: June 2018

Chronic
Helicobacter pylori
infection can lead to gastric ulcers and gastric cancers. The enzyme urease contributes to the survival of the bacterium in the harsh environment of the stomach by increasing the local pH. In addition to combating acid,
H. pylori
must survive host-produced reactive oxygen species to persist in the gastric mucosa. We describe a cyclic amino acid-based antioxidant role of urease, whereby oxidized methionine residues can be recycled by methionine sulfoxide reductase to again quench oxidants. This work expands our understanding of the role of an already acknowledged pathogen virulence factor and specifically expands our knowledge of
H. pylori
survival mechanisms.
Performance of Vitek MS v3.0 for Identification of Mycobacterium Species from Patient Samples by Use of Automated Liquid Medium Systems
Authors: Miller Eric , Cantrell Christopher , Beard Melodie , Derylak Andrew , Babady N. Esther , McMillen Tracy , Miranda Edwin , Body Barbara , Tang Yi-Wei , Vasireddy Ravikiran , Vasireddy Sruthi , Smith Terry , Iakhiaeva Elena , Wallace Richard J. , Brown-Elliott Barbara A. , Moreno Erik , Totty Heather , Deol Parampal
Published: June 2018

The accuracy and robustness of the Vitek MS v3.0 matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) system was evaluated by identifying mycobacteria from automated liquid-medium systems using patient samples. This is the first report to demonstrate that proteins within the liquid medium, its supplements, and decontamination reagents for nonsterile patient samples do not generate misidentification or false-positive results by use of the Vitek MS v3.0 system.
A New Highly Sensitive and Specific Real-Time PCR Assay Targeting the Malate Dehydrogenase Gene of Kingella kingae and Application to 201 Pediatric Clinical Specimens
Authors: El Houmami Nawal , Durand Guillaume André , Bzdrenga Janek , Darmon Anne , Minodier Philippe , Seligmann Hervé , Raoult Didier , Fournier Pierre-Edouard
Published: June 2018

Kingella kingae
is a significant pediatric pathogen responsible for bone and joint infections, occult bacteremia, and endocarditis in early childhood. Past efforts to detect this bacterium using culture and broad-range 16S rRNA gene PCR assays from clinical specimens have proven unsatisfactory; therefore, by the late 2000s, these were gradually phased out to explore the benefits of specific real-time PCR tests targeting the
groEL
gene and the RTX locus of
K. kingae
.
Multiple Functions of Cellular FLIP Are Essential for Replication of Hepatitis B Virus
Authors: Lee Ah Ram , Lim Keo-Heun , Park Eun-Sook , Kim Doo Hyun , Park Yong Kwang , Park Soree , Kim Dong-Sik , Shin Gu-Choul , Kang Hong Seok , Won Juhee , Sim Heewoo , Ha Yea Na , Jae Byeongjune , Choi Seong Il , Kim Kyun-Hwan
Published: June 2018

Although the chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection still poses a major health concern, the host factors which are required for the replication of HBV are largely uncharacterized. Our studies identify cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) as an essential factor in HBV replication. We found the dual roles of c-FLIP in regulation of HBV replication: c-FLIP interacts with HBx and enhances its stability and regulates the expression or stability of hepatocyte nuclear factors which are essential for transcription of HBV genome. Our findings may provide a new target for intervention in persistent HBV infection.
HIV-1 gp41 Residues Modulate CD4-Induced Conformational Changes in the Envelope Glycoprotein and Evolution of a Relaxed Conformation of gp120
Authors: Keller Paul W. , Morrison Orrianne , Vassell Russell , Weiss Carol D.
Published: June 2018

Binding of the HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env) to cellular CD4 and chemokine receptors triggers conformational changes in Env that mediate virus entry, but premature triggering of Env conformational changes leads to virus inactivation. Currently, we have a limited understanding of the network of residues that regulate Env conformational changes. Here, we identify residues in HR1 of gp41 that modulate conformational changes in response to gp120 binding to CD4 and show that the mutations in HR1 and HR2 that confer resistance to fusion inhibitors are associated with gp120 mutations in different regions of Env that confer a more open conformation. These findings contribute to our understanding of the regulation of Env conformational changes and efforts to design new entry inhibitors and stable Env vaccine immunogens.
Myotonic dystrophy type 1: clinical manifestations in children and adolescents
Authors: Ho Genevieve , Carey Kate A , Cardamone Michael , Farrar Michelle A
Published: June 2018

Objective

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal-dominant neuromuscular disease with variable severity affecting all ages; however, current care guidelines are adult-focused. The objective of the present study was to profile DM1 in childhood and propose a framework to guide paediatric-focused management.

Design, setting and patients

40 children with DM1 (mean age 12.8 years; range 2–19) were studied retrospectively for a total of 513 follow-up years at Sydney Children’s Hospital. 143 clinical parameters were recorded.

Results

The clinical spectrum of disease in childhood differs from adults, with congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM1) having more severe health issues than childhood-onset/juvenile patients (JDM1). Substantial difficulties with intellectual (CDM1 25/26 96.2%; JDM1 9/10, 90.0%), fine motor (CDM1 23/30, 76.6%; JDM1 6/10, 60.0%), gastrointestinal (CDM1 17/30, 70.0%; JDM1 3/10, 30.0%) and neuromuscular function (CDM1 30/30, 100.0%; JDM1 25/30, 83.3%) were evident.

Conclusion

The health consequences of DM1 in childhood are diverse, highlighting the need for paediatric multidisciplinary management approaches that encompass key areas of cognition, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiac and sleep issues.
New advances in amblyopia therapy II:refractive therapies
Authors: Kraus Courtney L , Culican Susan M
Published: June 2018

The treatment of anisometropic or ametropic amblyopia has traditionally enjoyed a high treatment success rate. Early initiation and consistent use of spectacle correction can completely resolve amblyopia in a majority of patients. For those with anisometropic amblyopia that fail to improve with glasses wear alone, patching or atropine penalisation can lead to equalisation of visual acuity. However, successful treatment requires full-time compliance with refractive correction and this can be a challenge for a patient population that often has one eye with good acuity without correction. Other barriers for a select population with high anisometropic  or ametropic amblyopia include rejection of glasses for various reasons including discomfort, behavioural or sensory problems, postural issues and visually significant aniseikonia. When consistent wear of optical correction proves difficult and patching/atropine remains a major obstacle, surgical correction of refractive error has proven success in achieving vision improvement. Acting as a means to achieve spectacle independence or reducing the overall needed refractive correction, refractive surgery can offer a unique treatment option for this patient population. Laser surgery, phakic intraocular lenses and clear lens exchange are three approaches to altering the refractive state of the eye. Each has documented success in improving vision, particularly in populations where glasses wear has not been possible. Surgical correction of refractive error has a risk profile greater than that of more traditional therapies. However, its use in a specific population offers the opportunity for improving visual acuity in children who otherwise have poor outcomes with glasses and patching/atropine alone.
Clinical review of user engagement with mental health smartphone apps: evidence, theory and improvements
Authors: Torous John , Nicholas Jennifer , Larsen Mark E , Firth Joseph , Christensen Helen
Published: June 2018

The potential of smartphone apps to improve quality and increase access to mental health care is increasingly clear. Yet even in the current global mental health crisis, real-world uptake of smartphone apps by clinics or consumers remains low. To understand this dichotomy, this paper reviews current challenges surrounding user engagement with mental health smartphone apps. While smartphone engagement metrics and reporting remains heterogeneous in the literature, focusing on themes offers a framework to identify underlying trends. These themes suggest that apps are not designed with service users in mind, do not solve problems users care most about, do not respect privacy, are not seen as trustworthy and are unhelpful in emergencies. Respecting these current issues surrounding mental health app engagement, we propose several solutions and highlight successful examples of mental health apps with high engagement. Further research is necessary to better characterise engagement with mental health apps and identify best practices for design, testing and implementation.
Effect of anticoagulants and NSAIDs on accuracy of faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) in colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nieuwenburg Stella A V , Vuik Fanny E R , Kruip Marieke J H A , Kuipers Ernst J , Spaander Manon C W
Published: June 2018

Objective

Most colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes are nowadays based on faecal immunochemical testing (FIT). Eligible subjects often use oral anticoagulants (OACs) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which could possibly stimulate bleeding from both benign and premalignant lesions in the colon. The aim of this meta-analysis was to study the effect of OACs and NSAIDs use on FIT performance.

Design

A systematic search was conducted until June 2017 to retrieve studies from PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of science, Cochrane Central and Google Scholar. Studies were included when reporting on FIT results in users versus non-users of OACs and/or NSAIDs in average risk CRC screening populations. Primary outcome was positive predictive value for advanced neoplasia (PPVAN) of FIT in relation to OACs/NSAIDs use. Values were obtained by conducting random-effect forest plots.

Results

Our literature search identified 2022 records, of which 8 studies were included. A total of 3563 participants with a positive FIT were included. Use of OACs was associated with a PPVAN of 37.6% (95% CI 33.9 to 41.4) compared with 40.3% (95% CI 38.5 to 42.1) for non-users (p=0.75). Pooled PPVAN in aspirin/NSAID users was 38.2% (95% CI 33.8 to 42.9) compared with 39.4% (95% CI 37.5 to 41.3) for non-users (p=0.59).

Conclusion

FIT accuracy is not affected by OACs and aspirin/NSAIDs use. Based on the current literature, withdrawal of OACs or NSAIDs before FIT screening is not recommended. Future studies should focus on duration of use, dosage and classes of drugs in association with accuracy of FIT to conduct more specific guideline recommendations.
Stent-assisted coil embolization of anterior communicating artery aneurysms: safety, effectiveness, and risk factors for procedural complications or recanalization
Authors: Choi Hyun Ho , Cho Young Dae , Yoo Dong Hyun , Ahn Sang Jun , Cho Won-Sang , Kang Hyun-Seung , Kim Jeong Eun , Lee Jeong Jun , Moon Jong Hyun , Han Moon Hee
Published: June 2018

Introduction

Stent-assisted coil (SAC) embolization is an alternative treatment option for anterior communicating artery (AcoA) aneurysms. This study was undertaken to assess the safety and effectiveness of SAC embolization in treating AcoA aneurysms and to determine risk factors for related procedural complications or recanalization.

Methods

Between August 2008 and December 2016, 184 patients with AcoA aneurysms were treated with SAC embolization. Cumulative medical record and radiologic data were analyzed using binary logistic regression to identify factors predisposing to procedural complications or recanalization.

Results

Contralateral A1 segment hypoplasia was observed in 59 patients (32.1%). Three types of stents (LVIS, Enterprise, and Neuroform) were variably placed by one of two routes: (1) ipsilateral A1 to ipsilateral A2 (75.5%) or (2) ipsilateral A1 to contralateral A2 (24.5%). Procedural complications occurred in 17 patients (thromboembolism 12; procedural leakage 3; both 2), showing a significant relation to subarachnoid hemorrhage at presentation (OR 57.750; P<0.01). Occlusion was documented immediately after embolization in 130 aneurysms (70.6%) and, in 23 (13.1%) of 175 AcoA aneurysms followed by angiography (median 25.9±18.5 months), recanalization developed (minor, 15; major, 8). Stent configuration (ipsilateral A1 to contralateral A2, P=0.024), maximum aneurysm size (>7 mm, P<0.01), and A1 segment hypoplasia (P=0.039) were identified as risk factors for recanalization.

Conclusion

SAC embolization is a safe and effective method of treating unruptured AcoA aneurysms, regardless of anatomic or clinical features. However, in the event of rupture, procedural complications are likely. Stent configuration, aneurysm size, and A1 segment hypoplasia were identified as significant risk factors for recanalization.
Microstructure and cementation of two carbonatic fine-grained soils
Authors: El Howayek Alain , Bobet Antonio , Santagata Marika
Published: June 2018

This paper presents an investigation of the microstructure and cementation of two carbonatic fine-grained soils obtained from a deposit of lacustrine origin formed during the Wisconsin glaciation. The two soils differ in the degree of cementation (with average total carbonate contents of ∼55% and ∼38%), the dominating carbonate mineral (calcite versus dolomite), and the forms of carbonates present. The study is founded on observations of the microstructure using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry, and examination of the effects of carbonate dissolution on Atterberg limits and particle-size distribution. In both soils, the majority of the carbonate is in the form of a coating layer on the clay and silt particles, with a thickness less than 2–3 μm, and decreasing in the sample with lower carbonate content. This coating layer “networks” particles and groups of particles. Carbonate cementation impacts the engineering properties of both soils, and the site’s overconsolidation ratio (OCR) profile clearly reflects changes in carbonate content and microstructure. One-dimensional compression tests show that cementation is associated with a moderate degree of structuring, and that the resulting structure is stable, with no complete destructuration occurring even after the effective stress exceeds 10 times the preconsolidation stress.
Amino acid digestibility in six sources of meat and bone meal, blood meal, and soybean meal fed to growing pigs
Authors: Navarro D.M.D.L. , Mathai J.K. , Jaworski N.W. , Stein H.H.
Published: June 2018

Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AAs) by growing pigs was determined in blood meal and six sources of meat and bone meal (MBM). Eighteen ileal-cannulated barrows (initial body weight: 69.3 ± 4.4 kg) were randomly allotted to a replicated 4 × 9 incomplete Latin square design with four periods and nine diets, giving eight replications per diet. One diet included 33% soybean meal (SBM) as the sole source of AA. Seven diets contained 9% blood meal or 9% of one of the six sources of MBM and 22% SBM as the only AA containing ingredients. The last diet was a nitrogen (N) free diet. Results indicated that the SID of all AAs were different (P < 0.05) among the six sources of MBM, but the SID of lysine (Lys) could not be predicted from the ratio between Lys and crude protein. For some, but not all AAs, the average SID in MBM was greater (P < 0.05) than in blood meal, but for most AAs the SID in MBM was less (P < 0.05) than in SBM. It is concluded that, as is the case for most other co-products, differences in concentration and SID of AAs among sources of MBM exist.
Long-term influence of disturbance-generated microsites on forest structural and compositional development
Authors: Sass Emma M. , D’Amato Anthony W. , Foster David R. , Barker Plotkin Audrey , Fraver Shawn , Schoonmaker Peter K. , Orwig David A.
Published: June 2018

Wind disturbance generates heterogeneous microsite structures, including downed logs, windthrow mounds, and pits. While these structures can provide opportunities for regeneration of certain tree species, the long-term influence of microsites and microsite heterogeneity on forest development has not been quantified. We used long-term measurements of a formerly old-growth Tsuga canadensis – Pinus strobus forest severely damaged by a category 3 hurricane in 1938 to quantify the impact of microsite conditions on overstory composition and structure. We asked (i) “What are the patterns in live-tree size, growth, and mortality five and seven decades after disturbance?” and (ii) “What roles do microsite heterogeneity and the presence of disturbance-generated microsites play in long-term forest development following disturbance?” We compared live-tree (>2 cm DBH) development and survival to microsite heterogeneity at the 100 m2 scale. Microsite diversity was positively related to overstory species diversity and stem density and negatively related to average tree size. We propose that plots with higher microsite diversity may have experienced more severe local disturbance, which allowed more species and individuals to establish and created varied niches that allowed these individuals to coexist and generate greater stand-level diversity. These persistent relationships highlight how microsite conditions affect forest development after severe disturbances.
Consideration of interlaminar strain–energy continuity in composite plate analysis using improved higher order theory
Authors: Kasa Temesgen Takele
Published: June 2018

The main goal of this paper is to suggest an improved higher order refined theory for analysing perfectly bonded stacked composite laminates with the usual lamination configurations. The analysis incorporates continuous flexural and in-plane displacements at the interfaces. Furthermore, the transverse shear stress is continuous and constrained with the Lagrange multiplier technique by introducing 14 new unknown variables that are expressed in terms of the interfacial strain energy, which is assuming to be continuous throughout the thickness of the laminate. To determine the newly introduced flexural and in-plane unknown variables, the total potential energy is minimised using variational calculus. The numerical results are compared with those from existing reliable published papers. In general, the proposed approach is sufficient for analysing laminate structures with the required accuracy.
Baxter Operator and Baxter Equation for q-Toda and Toda2 Chains
Authors: Babelon Olivier , Kozlowski Karol K. , Pasquier Vincent
Published: June 2018

We construct the Baxter operator [Formula: see text] for the [Formula: see text]-Toda chain and the Toda2 chain (the Toda chain in the second Hamiltonian structure). Our construction builds on the relation between the Baxter operator and Bäcklund transformations that were unravelled in [13]. We construct a number of quantum intertwiners ensuring the commutativity of [Formula: see text] with the transfer matrix of the models and of the [Formula: see text]’s between each other. Most importantly, [Formula: see text] is modular invariant in the sense of Faddeev. We derive the Baxter equation for the eigenvalues [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] and show that these are entire functions of [Formula: see text]. This last property will ultimately lead to the quantization of the spectrum for the considered Toda chains, in a subsequent publication [1].

This work is dedicated to the memory of L. D. Faddeev
OPE for XXX
Authors: Di Francesco Philippe , Smirnov Fedor
Published: June 2018

We explain a new method for finding the correlation functions for the XXX model which is based on the concepts of Operator Product Expansion of Quantum Field Theory on one hand and of fermionic bases for the XXX spin chain on the other. With this method, we are able to perform computations for up to 11 lattice sites. We show that these “experimental” data allow to guess exact formulae for the OPE coefficients.

In memory of Ludwig Dmitrievich Faddeev
Spectral Equations for the Modular Oscillator
Authors: Kashaev Rinat M. , Sergeev Sergey M.
Published: June 2018

Motivated by applications for non-perturbative topological strings in toric Calabi–Yau manifolds, we discuss the spectral problem for a pair of commuting modular conjugate (in the sense of Faddeev) Harper type operators, corresponding to a special case of the quantized mirror curve of local [Formula: see text] and complex values of Planck’s constant. We illustrate our analytical results by numerical calculations.

In memory of Ludwig Faddeev
Quantum Spectral Curve of γ-Twisted 𝒩 = 4 SYM Theory and Fishnet CFT
Authors: Kazakov Vladimir
Published: June 2018

We review the quantum spectral curve (QSC) formalism for the spectrum of anomalous dimensions of [Formula: see text] SYM, including its [Formula: see text]-deformation. Leaving aside its derivation, we concentrate on the formulation of the “final product” in its most general form: a minimal set of assumptions about the algebraic structure and the analyticity of the [Formula: see text]-system — the full system of Baxter [Formula: see text]-functions of the underlying integrable model. The algebraic structure of the [Formula: see text]-system is entirely based on (super)symmetry of the model and is efficiently described by Wronskian formulas for [Formula: see text]-functions organized into the Hasse diagram. When supplemented with analyticity conditions on [Formula: see text]-functions, it fixes completely the set of physical solutions for the spectrum of an integrable model. First, we demonstrate the spectral equations on the example of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] Heisenberg (super)spin chains. Supersymmetry [Formula: see text] occurs as a simple “rotation” of the Hasse diagram for a [Formula: see text] system. Then we apply this method to the spectral problem of [Formula: see text]/CFT4-duality, describing the QSC formalism. The main difference with the spin chains consists in more complicated analyticity constraints on [Formula: see text]-functions which involve an infinitely branching Riemann surface and a set of Riemann–Hilbert conditions. As an example of application of QSC, we consider a special double scaling limit of [Formula: see text]-twisted [Formula: see text] SYM, combining weak coupling and strong imaginary twist. This leads to a new type of non-unitary CFT dominated by particular integrable, and often computable, 4D fishnet Feynman graphs. For the simplest of such models — the bi-scalar theory — the QSC degenerates into the [Formula: see text]-system for integrable non-compact Heisenberg spin chain with conformal, [Formula: see text] symmetry. We describe the QSC derivation of Baxter equation and the quantization condition for particular fishnet graphs — wheel graphs, and review numerical and analytic results for them.
Vacua on the Brink of Decay
Authors: Pimentel Guilherme L. , Polyakov Alexander M. , Tarnopolsky Grigory M.
Published: June 2018

We consider free massive matter fields in static scalar, electric and gravitational backgrounds. Tuning these backgrounds to the brink of vacuum decay, we identify a term in their effective action that is singular. This singular term is universal, being independent of the features of the background configuration. In the case of gravitational backgrounds, it can be interpreted as a quantum mechanical analog of Choptuik scaling. If the background is tuned slightly above the instability threshold, this singular term gives the leading contribution to the vacuum decay rate.

Dedicated to the memory of Ludwig Faddeev
Spectral Approach to Homogenization of Elliptic Operators in a Perforated Space
Authors: Suslina T. A.
Published: June 2018

Let [Formula: see text] be a lattice. For [Formula: see text], we consider the perforated space [Formula: see text] which is an [Formula: see text]-periodic open connected set with Lipschitz boundary. In [Formula: see text], we consider a self-adjoint strongly elliptic second-order differential operator [Formula: see text] with periodic coefficients depending on [Formula: see text]. We study the behavior of the resolvent [Formula: see text] for small [Formula: see text]. Approximations for this resolvent in the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]-operator norms with sharp order error estimates are found. The results are obtained by the operator-theoretic (spectral) approach. General results are applied to particular periodic operators of mathematical physics: the acoustics operator, the elasticity operator, and the Schrödinger operator with a singular potential.
Structural, elastic, electronic and thermodynamic properties of ZrB2 under high-pressure: First-principle study
Authors: Zhang Guo , Zhao Yu-Xin , Zhu Jun , Hao Yan-Jun , Zhang Lin
Published: June 2018

The structure of ZrB2 under high-pressure was predicted by Particle Swarm Optimization method (CALYPSO). We investigated the structure stability, phonon dispersion curve, elasticity, electronic structure and thermodynamic properties of ZrB2 under high-pressure and high-temperature via first-principles calculations. It maintained the hexagonal structure when the pressure lowers below 600 GPa at 0 K, which is confirmed by the calculated phonon dispersion curve. Studies indicate that the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio increase monotonically with pressure, as supported by some theoretical and experimental evidences. Calculated anisotropic factors demonstrate that compression and shear isotropy of ZrB2 weakens as the pressure increases. Using the quasi-harmonic approximation Debye model, the Debye temperature, sound velocity, expansion coefficient, thermal capacity under the high-temperature and pressure were also predicted.
INVESTIGATION OF Pt:MgO COMPOSITE FILMS PREPARED BY MAGNETRON SPUTTERING AND PULSED LASER CO-DEPOSITION METHOD
Authors: LOU J. Z. , ZHANG Y. S. , DAI X. H. , SONG J. M. , LI Z. N. , SHI J. , SONG A. Y. , LIU B. T.
Published: June 2018

Pt:MgO composite films are prepared on quartz substrates at room temperature by magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser co-deposition (MSPLC) method, in which the volume ratio of the composite film can be easily controlled by MSPLC method. The sample with Pt volume percents of 40%, 50%, 60% and 70% are prepared, and all the samples are further annealed at 800∘C for 30[Formula: see text]min. Impacts of Pt content on the structural and physical properties have been investigated. Pt (111), (002) and (220) peaks can be observed, and the peak intensity increases with the increase of Pt content, as can be seen from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results show that the size and density of grains increase and the distance between grains is decreased with the volume fraction increase. Significant absorption peaks were observed for different volume percentage of Pt:MgO composite film. Absorption peaks can be observed at 200, 220, 250 and 275[Formula: see text]nm, corresponding to Pt volume percents of 40%, 50%, 60% and 70%, respectively. The observed red shift of the absorption peak can be mainly related to the increase of Pt grain sizes.
Wavelet Galerkin method for fourth-order multi-dimensional elliptic partial differential equations
Authors: Rathish Kumar B. V. , Priyadarshi Gopal
Published: June 2018

We describe a wavelet Galerkin method for numerical solutions of fourth-order linear and nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) in 2D and 3D based on the use of Daubechies compactly supported wavelets. Two-term connection coefficients have been used to compute higher-order derivatives accurately and economically. Localization and orthogonality properties of wavelets make the global matrix sparse. In particular, these properties reduce the computational cost significantly. Linear system of equations obtained from discretized equations have been solved using GMRES iterative solver. Quasi-linearization technique has been effectively used to handle nonlinear terms arising in nonlinear biharmonic equation. To reduce the computational cost of our method, we have proposed an efficient compression algorithm. Error and stability estimates have been derived. Accuracy of the proposed method is demonstrated through various examples.
Tunable luminescence and white light emission of porphyrin-zinc coordination assemblies
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zhang Jian-Hua , Zhu Cheng-Yi , Yin Shao-Yun , Pan Mei
Published: June 2018

Bipodal ligand 5,15-bis(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (H[Formula: see text]DCPP) was designed and synthesized. By adjusting the molar ratio of H[Formula: see text]DCPP, ancillary ligand 4,4-bipyridine (bpy) and zinc acetate salts, three novel coordination assemblies, namely, zero-dimensional dimeric [Zn[Formula: see text](H[Formula: see text]DCPP)[Formula: see text] ·bpy] ·4H[Formula: see text]O ·4DMF (Zn-D), two-dimensional polymeric {[Zn[Formula: see text](DCPP) ·bpy[Formula: see text] ·H[Formula: see text]O ·DMF[Formula: see text]] ·solvent}[Formula: see text] (Zn-2D), and three-dimensional polymeric [Zn[Formula: see text](DCPP) ·bpy[Formula: see text]][Formula: see text] (Zn-3D) were assembled. Due to the delicate integration of multiple chromophores in the coordination space combining bpy, DCPP and MLCT emissions together, photoluminescence (PL) of the three porphyrin-zinc coordination assemblies differ from each other and color tone is tunable from blue to orange with changes of the excitation wavelength. In particular, white light emission (WLE) can be observed by the excitation of 270 to 290 nm, representing the first examples of single component WLE compounds based on porphyrin ligands. Furthermore, temperature-dependent luminescence results in a linear [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] relationship in Zn-2D and Zn-3D assemblies, applicable for long wavelength red-emitting thermometers.
Progress on the Clinical Applications of Stem Cells for Premature Ovarian Failure
Authors: Yang Wanli , Wang Yiwei , Shan Wenqi , Gao Yingying , Ma Binbin , Xue Songguo , Sun Lihua , Xie Jing
Published: June 2018

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by amenorrhea, infertility, lack of estrogen, and elevated gonadotropin levels before the age of 40. Most POF females have fertility problems due to defects of germ cell development or complete ovarian failure. Though hormonal therapy could partially restore ovarian function, effects of these treatments are transient, much less for regeneration and repair of the ovaries. With the rise of regenerative medicine, stem cells transplantation gives new hope for repairing POF related ovaries damage. Studies from animal models indicate that stem cell transplantation can, at least in part, repair ovarian structure, improve ovarian function and fertility in POF, i.e., the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) can differentiate to ovaries and facilitate fertility recovery. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, which limits their clinical applications. Here, we discuss the recent progress on the clinical applications of stem cells for POF treatment, which would become promising therapies for POF patients.
Generation of Hepatocyte-Like Cells by Different Strategies for Liver Regeneration
Authors: Yang Yang , Li Xiuhua , Liu Wei , Chen Jingwen , Liu Changcheng , Cai Yongchao , Song Yanxiang , Tang Qinghe , Zhang Chao , He Zhiying
Published: June 2018

Incidence and mortality of liver disease has increased globally in recent years. Orthotopic liver transplantation is a well-developed, effective therapy even for the end-stage liver diseases. However, the application of the technique is limited by the short supply of donors and the complexity of orthotopic liver transplantation. Therefore, hepatocyte transplantation as a new therapeutic option was developed. Unfortunately, the routine supply of high quality human hepatocytes was also restricted and the liver donor was lacking, too. Thus, exploration and study for available and renewable sources of nondonor hepatocytes are both necessary and important. Researches have proved that nondonor hepatocyte-like cells can be derived from various types of cells including embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), liver stem cells (LSCs), fibroblasts by lineage reprogramming, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this review, we describe recent advances in the field of the cell therapy in liver regeneration. In addition, we also discuss the existing restrictions in these types of therapies and ongoing developments.
Geochemical and temporal provinciality of the magmatism of the eastern Parnaíba Basin, NE Brazil
Authors: Heilbron Monica , Guedes Eliane , Mane Miguel , Valeriano Claudio de Morisson , Tupinambá Miguel , Almeida Júlio , Silva Luiz Guilherme do Eirado , Paschoal Duarte Beatriz , Favera Jorge Carlos Dela , Viana Adriano
Published: June 2018

This paper presents new field, petrographic, geophysical, geochemical and geochronological data for the felsic and mafic magmatism of the eastern Parnaíba Basin, integrating previously published data with new surface data acquired within the scope of the Cooperation Program developed by UERJ-Petrobras. New precise
40
Ar–
39
Ar Cambrian ages (
c.
508–506 Ma) were obtained for the felsic volcanic to subvolcanic rocks associated with intracontinental rift sediments in the São Raimundo Nonato area in the SE of the basin. The new results include the detection of three different basic magmatic pulses at
c.
181, 126 and 118 Ma, related, respectively, to Central Atlantic Magmatic Province magmatism, the Sardinha large igneous province and the break-up period for the equatorial basins. The eastern side of the basin contrasts with the western side and shows a predominance of outcropping sills of Sardinha age. Most of these rocks are quartz tholeiites, but two samples (
c.
118 Ma) are olivine tholeiites. This paper provides the first description of a clear chemical provinciality of the Sardinha tholeiitic magmatism in the eastern Parnaíba Basin, similar to that described in the Paraná Basin. Low-TiO
2
suites, independent of age, occur on the northwestern side of the Senador Pompéu–Coccoci lineament, whereas high-TiO
2
suites, including the Ceará Mirim dyke swarm in the basement to the east, are located SE of this lineament. The duality of geochemical signatures reproduces the basement signatures of the opposite sides of the Senador Pompéu suture zone, suggesting, at least in part, that the composition of the sub-lithospheric continental mantle of these two domains played a part in the development of Cretaceous magmatism in the Parnaíba Basin.

Supplementary material:
Geophysical and geochemical data provided by Petrobras and subsequent analysis. Supplementary material available online at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4117985
An Empirical Study of Meta- and Hyper-Heuristic Search for Multi-Objective Release Planning
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Harman Mark , Ochoa Gabriela , Ruhe Guenther , Brinkkemper Sjaak
Published: June 2018

A variety of meta-heuristic search algorithms have been introduced for optimising software release planning. However, there has been no comprehensive empirical study of different search algorithms across multiple different real-world datasets. In this article, we present an empirical study of global, local, and hybrid meta- and hyper-heuristic search-based algorithms on 10 real-world datasets. We find that the hyper-heuristics are particularly effective. For example, the hyper-heuristic genetic algorithm significantly outperformed the other six approaches (and with high effect size) for solution quality 85% of the time, and was also faster than all others 70% of the time. Furthermore, correlation analysis reveals that it scales well as the number of requirements increases.
Proceedings from and future plans for the Symposium for Communicating Complex Information (SCCI)
Authors: Richards Daniel
Published: June 2018

This special issue contains proceedings from the 6
th
Annual Symposium on Communicating Complex Information (SCCI), which ran from February 27
th
through 28
th
2017 at East Carolina University in Greenville, NC. The program chair was Michael Albers, who, as usual at SCCI, did a fantastic job at collecting and curating two days of stimulating conversations generated by speakers from a broad range of fields---rhetoric, technical communication, medical and regulatory writing, user experience, information science, and design---and a broad range or institutions and workspaces, including Duke's Network Analysis Center, The Medical University of South Carolina, Mälardalen University in Sweden, and Michigan State University, to name just a few. The keynote---titled "Faulty by Design: A Psychological Examination of User Decision-Making"---was given by Bill Gribbons, director of Bentley University's Graduate User Experience Program. Overall, the diversity and depth of the scholars and their research combined with the single-room presentation space facilitated conversation and networking in ways not typically found at other conferences.
Travel grantee reflects on research and mentoring at SC17
Authors: Wilson Amalee
Published: June 2018

This year SIGHPC awarded seven travel grants to students to help them attend SC17. Amalee Wilson (U. Alabama) sent us this post-conference update.
Bone Mechanical Properties in Healthy and Diseased States
Authors: Morgan Elise F. , Unnikrisnan Ginu U. , Hussein Amira I.
Published: June 2018

The mechanical properties of bone are fundamental to the ability of our skeletons to support movement and to provide protection to our vital organs. As such, deterioration in mechanical behavior with aging and/or diseases such as osteoporosis and diabetes can have profound consequences for individuals’ quality of life. This article reviews current knowledge of the basic mechanical behavior of bone at length scales ranging from hundreds of nanometers to tens of centimeters. We present the basic tenets of bone mechanics and connect them to some of the arcs of research that have brought the field to recent advances. We also discuss cortical bone, trabecular bone, and whole bones, as well as multiple aspects of material behavior, including elasticity, yield, fracture, fatigue, and damage. We describe the roles of bone quantity (e.g., density, porosity) and bone quality (e.g., cross-linking, protein composition), along with several avenues of future research.
Ketohexokinase knockout mice, a model for essential fructosuria, exhibit altered fructose metabolism and are protected from diet-induced metabolic defects
Authors: Miller Corin O. , Yang Xiaodong , Lu Ku , Cao Jin , Herath Kithsiri , Rosahl Thomas W. , Askew Roger , Pavlovic Guillaume , Zhou Gaochao , Li Cai , Akiyama Taro E.
Published: June 2018

Fructose consumption in humans and animals has been linked to enhanced de novo lipogenesis, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Hereditary deficiency of ketohexokinase (KHK), the first enzymatic step in fructose metabolism, leads to essential fructosuria in humans, characterized by elevated levels of blood and urinary fructose following fructose ingestion but is otherwise clinically benign. To address whether KHK deficiency is associated with altered glucose and lipid metabolism, a Khk knockout (KO) mouse line was generated and characterized. NMR spectroscopic analysis of plasma following ingestion of [6-13C] fructose revealed striking differences in biomarkers of fructose metabolism. Significantly elevated urine and plasma 13C-fructose levels were observed in Khk KO vs. wild-type (WT) control mice, as was reduced conversion of 13C-fructose into plasma 13C-glucose and 13C-lactate. In addition, the observation of significant levels of fructose-6-phosphate in skeletal muscle tissue of Khk KO, but not WT, mice suggests a potential mechanism, whereby fructose is metabolized via muscle hexokinase in the absence of KHK. Khk KO mice on a standard chow diet displayed no metabolic abnormalities with respect to ambient glucose, glucose tolerance, body weight, food intake, and circulating trigylcerides, β-hydroxybutyrate, and lactate. When placed on a high-fat and high-fructose (HF/HFruc) diet, Khk KO mice had markedly reduced liver weight, triglyceride levels, and insulin levels. Together, these results suggest that Khk KO mice may serve as a good model for essential fructosuria in humans and that inhibition of KHK offers the potential to protect from diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance.
Pregnancy Ketonemia and Development of the Fetal Central Nervous System
Authors: Bronisz Agata , Ozorowski Mateusz , Hagner-Derengowska Magdalena
Published: June 2018

Glucose is the major source of energy for the human brain which in turn uses ketone bodies as a supplement for energy deficit in glucose cell deficiency conditions. Pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes is a condition associated with significantly increased risk of ketonemia development. The data available proves a changing influence of ketones on the central nervous system during fetal life and in adults as well. Ketone bodies freely pass through the placenta. They can affect fetal growth and organ damage development, especially the central nervous system. As agreed in the current recommendation of the diabetes associations, it is not obligatory for the attending doctor to conduct a routine inspection of ketone bodies during diabetes treatment in pregnancy. This article is a literature review of ketones’ effect on the central nervous system and an attempt to initiate discussion whether we should consider including ketonemia assessment into the standard care package for pregnant women with diabetes and begin some research on the explanation of its influence on fetal development.
Influencing Factors on Profit Distribution of Public‐Private Partnership Projects: Private Sector’s Perspective
Authors: Du Jing , Wu Hongyue , Zhu Lei
Published: June 2018

As an important issue in the public‐private partnership (PPP) projects, the profit distribution has a critical impact on both the public and private sectors. Moreover, the influence of the private sector on the profit distribution of PPP projects cannot be ignored because the private sector are the implementers of PPP projects and responsible for the life‐cycle performance and management of PPP projects. Therefore, this study aims at (1) investigating the influencing factors of the profit distribution of PPP projects from the private sector’s perspective and (2) analyzing the relationships between the factors and the profit distribution by the qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). The results first showed that the five key influencing factors on the profit distribution from the private sector’s perspective were the risk sharing, financing ability, investment, management ability, and effort level. Moreover, the results indicated that the risk sharing was the most important factor that had a positive impact on the profit distribution. Furthermore, the strong management ability and the high ratio of investment were identified as critical factors that led to a larger proportion of profits distributed to the private sector. In addition, the financing ability and the effort level of the private sector should also be considered in the profit distribution plan. The findings first contributed to the body of knowledge on the influencing factors of the profit distribution in PPP projects. In addition, this study is the first attempt of exploring the characteristics of the private sector under the context of profit distribution of PPP projects and using the QCA method to enrich the theoretical research. Thus, the findings would help the private companies improve their abilities and ensure their profits. Besides, the public and private sectors can make appropriate profit distribution proposals in practice based on the conclusion of this study.
Assessment of Surface Runoff for Tank Watershed in Tamil Nadu Using Hydrologic Modeling
Authors: Abraham Marykutty , Mathew Riya Ann
Published: June 2018

Providing safe and wholesome water in sufficient quantity on a sustainable basis remains elusive for large population especially in semiarid regions and hence water balance estimation is vital to assess water availability in a watershed. The water balance study is formulated to assess the runoff that can be harvested for effective utilization. The study area is Urapakkam watershed with a chain of 3 tanks having an aerial extent of 4.576 km2with hard rock formation underneath and thus has limited scope for groundwater recharge. Hence surface water is the main water source in this area. Runoff computed for the watershed using USDA-NRCS model varied from 94.95 mm to 2324.34 mm and the corresponding rainfall varied from 575.7 mm to 3608.0 mm, respectively. A simple regression model was developed for the watershed to compute runoff from annual rainfall. Average annual runoff estimated for the watershed was around 37% of the rainfall for the study period from 2000-01 to 2013-14. Statistical analysis and test of significance for runoff obtained by NRCS model and regression model did not show any significant difference thus proving that regression model is efficient in runoff computation for ungauged basins. The volume of water accessible for fifty percent dependable flow year is obtained as 2.46 MCM and even if 50% of it can be effectively harnessed the water available in the watershed is 1.23 MCM. The water demand of the area is estimated as 0.148 MCM for domestic purpose and 0.171 MCM for irrigation purpose, which is much lower than the available runoff that can be harnessed from the watershed. Thus there is scope to harvest 1.23 MCM of water which is more than the demand of the watershed. The study reveals that it is feasible to harvest and manage water effectively if its availability and demand are computed accurately.