bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of sandwich ELISA for detection and quantification of Staphylococcal enterotoxin-A in food
Authors: Singh Mamta , Agrawal Ravi Kant , Singh Bhoj Raj , Mendiratta Sanjod Kumar , Kumar Deepak , Kumar Bablu , Singh Mithilesh Kumar
Published: September 2022

Purpose Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic zoonotic organism which secretes around 23 different types of enterotoxins. Classical enterotoxins (SEA, SEB, SEC, SED and SEE) are responsible for >95 % of food poisoning outbreaks of which SEA alone is responsible for >75% of them. The present study was undertaken to develop sandwich ELISA forsensitive, specific and quantitative detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxins-A in food samples.
Methods Optimization of sandwich ELISA was attempted in two ways. In first, rabbit polyclonal anti-SEA was used as capture antibody and mouse monoclonal anti-SEA as detector antibody, in second, mouse monoclonal anti-SEA was used as capture Antibody and rabbit polyclonal anti-SEA as detector antibody.
Results In the optimization of sandwich ELISA, mouse monoclonal anti-SEA as capture antibody and rabbit polyclonal anti-SEA as detector antibody yieldedhighest sensitivity of 0.5-0.75 ng ml-1. The developed assay was found to be highly specific and having equivalent sensitivity to available commercial kits.
Conclusion The developed sandwich ELISA may be utilized as a sensitive, specific and quantitative test for detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin-A in food samples. The developed ELISA may serve as a cheap alternative to commercial kits which need importation and therefore are relatively costly. The sandwich ELISA developed may be useful for microbiological quality assurance of foods specially in developing countries.
Cannabis Use in Spinal Injury Patients - a Qualitative Study of Patients
Authors: Anas Mohammad , Raja Usman , Raza Wajid
Published: September 2022

Study Design: A descriptive observational qualitative study Objective: To identify the popularity in use of cannabis for management of symptoms in spinal cord injury individuals in the United Kingdom as well as noting which symptoms are common amongst these individuals and if they use cannabis, is it medically prescribed or obtained from other means. Setting: Spinal cord injury patients’ part of the Yorkshire Regional Spinal Injuries Centre and SPINE community in United Kingdom. Methods: The data was collected in the form of a 7-point electronic survey which was sent to spinal cord injured individuals from the local community. All results were anonymous, and confidentiality was maintained throughout the process. Results: In total, 223 patients completed the survey. 65.35% of individuals were paraplegic with the rest being tetraplegic and 65% suffered from a traumatic cause of injury. The majority (56.75%) suffered from the injury for less than 9 years. 50–60% of all individuals suffered from one of the following: chronic pain (longer than 3 months), spasticity, loss of/difficulty in sleeping or anxiety/depression. 14.93% admitted to using cannabis to manage the above symptoms where it benefitted them, in which 79.41% acquired this through non-legal suppliers. Conclusion: This study highlights the demand of the use of cannabis to address chronic spinal cord injury symptoms including pain, spasticity, lack of and difficulty sleeping and psychological symptoms. Clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of demand in the population, however further steps and further research in this area is needed.
Development of predictive models for lymphedema prediction by using blood test and chemotherapy data
Authors: Trinh Xuan-Tung , Chien Pham Ngoc , Long Nguyen-Van , Anh Le Thi , Giang Nguyen Ngan , Nam Sun Young , Myung Yujin
Published: September 2022

Background: Lymphedema is a disease thatrefers to tissue swelling caused by an accumulation of protein-rich fluid that is usually drained through the lymphatic system. Detection of lymphedema is often based on expensive diagnoses such as bioimpedance spectroscopy, shear wave elastography, computed tomography, etc. Applications of data science and machine learning in predicting medical conditions offered support for medical doctors and patients in the early detection of diseases. Although current studies proposed machine learning models to predict lymphedema by using symptoms reported by patients, there might be uncertaintyinpatient-input data. In this study, we proposed to usemore reliable input data such as complete blood count, serum, and therapy data to develop predictive models for lymphedema.
Methods: We collected data from 2137 patients, including 356 patients having lymphedema and 1781 patients not having lymphedema. The lymphedema status of each patient was confirmed by clinicians. Data of each patient includes: 1) complete blood count (CBC) test, 2) serum test, and 3) therapy information. We used machine learning algorithms (i.e., random forest, gradient boosting, support vector machine, decision tree and artificial neural network) to develop predictive models on training dataset (i.e., 80% of the data) and tested the models on the test dataset (i.e., 20% of the data). After choosing the best predictive models, we developed web application for medical doctors and clinicians to use our models for quick screening lymphedema patients.
Results: A dataset of 2137 patients was collected from Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Predictive models based on random forest algorithm showed satisfactory performance (balanced accuracy = 86.7 ± 0.9%, sensitivity = 84.3 ± 0.6%, specificity = 89.1 ± 1.5%, precision = 97.4 ± 0.4%, F1 score = 90.4 ± 0.4%, and AUC = 0.931 ± 0.007). A web application was made to assist medical doctors in quick screening lymphedema: https://snubhtxt.shinyapps.io/SNUBH_Lymphedema.
Conclusions: Our study would provide a tool for the early detection of lymphedema and be the basement for future studies predicting lymphedema stages.
ASPM induces radiotherapy resistance by disrupting microtubule stability leading to chromosome malsegregation in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yu Jinming , Zhong Tao , Wang Juan , Xie Songbo , Liu Lisheng , Wang Minglei , Wu Fei , Xiao Changyan , Chen Xiaozheng , Yan Weiwei , Cao Yu , Gongye Xiaoxiao , Wu Meng , Chen Dawei
Published: September 2022

Radiotherapy (RT) resistance remains a substantial challenge in cancer therapy. Although physical factors are optimizing, the biological mechanisms for RT resistance are still elusive. Herein, we explored potential reasons for this difficult problem by generating RT-resistant models for in vitro and in vivo experiments. We found that abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM) was highly expressed in RT-resistant samples and significantly correlated with disease advance in lung adenocarcinoma. Mechanistically, ASPM helps RT-resistant cells to evade spindle checkpoint surveillance and complete cell division after irradiation through destruction of microtubule stability, with subsequent increases in chromosome mis-segregation and deteriorating chromosomal stability during mitosis. Depletion of ASPM stabilized microtubules and significantly decreased chromosome mis-segregation, rendering RT-resistant cells renew sensitive to radiation. We further found, with bioinformatics analysis, amino acid sequence 963–1263 of ASPM as a potential new drug target for overcoming RT resistance and identified 9 drug pockets within this domain for clinical translation. Our findings suggest that ASPM is a key regulator with an important role in promoting RT resistance in non-small cell lung cancer, and that suppressing or blocking its expression could be worth exploring as therapy for a variety of RT-resistant cancers.
The modulation of iron metabolism affects the Rhabdomyosarcoma tumor growth in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Asperti Michela , Cantamessa Luca , Gryzik Magdalena , Bugatti Mattia , Codenotti Silvia , Denardo Andrea , Vermi William , Fanzani Alessandro , Poli Maura
Published: September 2022

Purpose.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive rare neoplasm that derives from mesenchymal cells, which frequently develops resistance to the current therapies and the formation of metastases. Thus, new therapies are needed. The alteration of iron metabolism in cancer cells was effective in reducing the progression of many tumors but not yet investigated in RMS. Here we investigated the effect of iron modulation in RMS both in vitro and in vivo.
Methods.
We first characterized the most used RMS cell lines representing the most common subtypes, embryonal (ERMS, RD cells) and alveolar (ARMS, RH30 cells), for their iron metabolism, analyzing iron related proteins and genes. Then we investigated the effects of both iron overload and chelation strategies in vitro and in vivo.
Results.
RMS cell lines expressed iron related proteins, even if at lower levels compared to hepatic cell lines. The treatment with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC, as iron source) and with deferiprone (DFP, as iron chelator), significantly affected the cell viability of RD and RH30. Moreover, iron supplementation (in the form of iron dextran) or iron chelation (in the form of DFP) were also effective in vivo in inhibiting the tumor mass growth both derived from RD and RH30 with iron chelation treatment the most effective one.
Conclusions.
All the data suggest that the iron modulation could be a promising approach to overcome the RMS tumor growth.
The essential liaison of two copper proteins: The Cu-sensing transcription factor Mac1 and the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase Sod1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Dialynaki Dimitra , Stavropoulou Athanasia , Laskou Maria , Alexandraki Despina
Published: September 2022

Although copper is an essential trace element for cell function and viability, its excess can lead to protein oxidation, DNA cleavage, and ultimate cell damage. Cells have established a variety of regulatory mechanisms to ensure copper ion homeostasis. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, copper sensing and response to copper deficiency are regulated by the transcription factor Mac1. Our group has previously reported that in addition to copper, several chromatin proteins modulate Mac1 functionality. In this study, based on a synthetic growth deficiency phenotype, we showed that the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase Sod1 plays an important role in Mac1 transcriptional activity, in unchallenged nutrient-rich growth conditions. Sod1 is a multipotent cytoplasmic and mitochondrial enzyme, whose main known function is to detoxify the cell from superoxide ions. It has been previously reported that Sod1 also enters the nucleus and affects the transcription of several genes, some of which are involved in copper homeostasis under Cu-depleted (Wood and Thiele, 2009) or only under specific oxidative stress conditions (Dong et al., 2013; Tsang et al., 2014). We have shown that Sod1 physically interacts with Mac1 transcription factor and is important for the transactivation as well as its DNA binding activities. On the other hand, a constitutively active mutant of Mac1 is not affected functionally by the Sod1 ablation, pointing out that Sod1 contributes to the maintenance of the copper-unchelated state of Mac1. In conclusion, we showed that Sod1-Mac1 interaction is vital for Mac1 functionality, regardless of copper medium deficiency, in unchallenged growth conditions, and we suggest that Sod1 enzymatic activity may modify the redox state of the cysteine-rich motifs in the Mac1 DNA-binding and transactivation domains.
Addition of olanzapine to standard chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting prophylaxis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: Chen Ashley , Chheng Emily , Deal Allison , Heiling Hillary , Crona Daniel , DeVane Susanna , Grgic Tatjana , Nguyen Veronica , Patel Sheel , Riches Marcie , Shaw J. Ryan , Stocker Kurtis , Trepte Morgan , Whitesell Ashlyn , Youmans Danielle , Ptachcinski Jonathan
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains a significant barrier to quality of life. Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients often receive highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) that increases incidence of CINV. Guideline recommendations include olanzapine plus a corticosteroid, serotonin antagonist, and neurokinin-1 antagonist for CINV prophylaxis in patients receiving HEC. However, olanzapine’s role in CINV prevention during HCT has not been evaluated prospectively.
Methods: This was a randomized phase 3 trial where olanzapine 5 mg daily was compared to placebo plus a 3-drug CINV regimen during chemotherapy plus three additional days. The primary endpoint was a complete response (CR) defined as no emesis and minimal nausea.
Results: Ninety-one HCT recipients (autologous, n=69; allogeneic, n=22) were assessed. The primary endpoint was achieved in 46.7% from the olanzapine arm versus 28.3% from placebo (p=0.085). Median antiemetic doses for breakthrough CINV was significantly less (2 [IQR 0-4]; p=0.003) in the olanzapine arm. Minimal nausea was achieved in 55.6% versus 32.6% of patients, respectively (p=0.04) and fewer rescue antiemetics were required. Adverse events were similar between arms.
Conclusion: Addition of olanzapine demonstrated clinical improvements of CR rates among HCT recipients and significant improvements in secondary outcomes. Olanzapine 5 mg daily was safe and tolerable with minimal adverse events.
Novel Hybrid ARIMA-BiLSTM Model for Forecasting of Rice Blast Disease Outbreaks for Sustainable Rice Production
Authors: Varsha M , Poornima B , Kumar MP Pavan , Basavarajappa S
Published: September 2022

In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in agriculture has grown to be the most important research domain. The proposed work focuses on forecasting of rice blast disease outbreaks in paddy crop. Disease management in the farm fields is the most difficult problem on the planet. There are variety of reasons for this, first lack of farmers experience in diagnosing diseases, second experts experience in detecting diseases visually, third unfavourable climate. Recent days, researchers have offered variety of time series techniques in different applications. This study adds time series techniques to the field of agriculture by forecasting crucial rice blast disease outbreaks in paddy crop of Davangere region based on daily weather data obtained from KSNDMC. The statistical time series technique called ARIMA is trained by employing real data of blast disease outbreaks in Davangere region from the period of 2015–2019. Meanwhile deep BiLSTM model is trained by employing real weather data and blast disease outbreaks of Davangere region. Both the models are evaluated by performance metrics such as mean squared error and mean absolute error. The proposed research is focused on hybrid model ARIMA-BiLSTM which is a combination of statistical ARIMA model and deep BiLSTM model. Seasonal component of rice blast disease outbreak feature is extracted from additive decompose function used in ARIMA model and fed as dependent feature for BiLSTM model. According to the results obtained, the hybrid approach has the ability to successfully forecast blast disease outbreaks in paddy crop with mean squared error 0.037 and mean absolute error 0.028 compared to statistical ARIMA and deep BiLSTM model.
Forecasting water demand for Istanbul by applying different machine learning algorithms
Authors: PEKEL Engin
Published: September 2022

This paper applies three machine learning algorithms, namely decision tree, random forest, and AdaBoost, and two hybrid algorithms, particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm, to monthly water prediction data. Experiments were carried out on the train and test set according to the parameters affecting the performance of the relevant algorithms. Further, the implementations of the performed algorithms are experimentally compared with each other in the training and testing stage by providing graphical illustrations of the İstanbul water consumption dataset. The numerical results indicate that the random forest algorithm has shown very decent results in the training and testing phase by providing the 0.92 R2 and 0.0238 mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and 0.1493 MAPE and 0.83251 R2 respectively.
A novel approach for the endothelialization of xenogeneic decellularized vascular tissues by human cells utilizing surface modification and dynamic culture
Authors: Ho Wen-Jin , Kobayashi Mako , Murata Kozue , Hashimoto Yoshihide , Izumi Kenji , Kimura Tsuyoshi , Kanemitsu Hideo , Yamazaki Kazuhiro , Ikeda Tadashi , Minatoya Kenji , Kishida Akio , Masumoto Hidetoshi
Published: September 2022

Decellularized xenogeneic vascular grafts can be used in revascularization surgeries. We have developed decellularization methods using high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), which preserves the extracellular structure. Here, we attempted ex vivo endothelialization of HHP-decellularized xenogeneic tissues using human endothelial cells (ECs) to prevent clot formation against human blood. Slices of porcine aortic endothelium were decellularized using HHP and coated with gelatin. Human umbilical vein ECs were directly seeded and cultured under dynamic flow or static conditions for 14 days. Dynamic flow cultures tend to demonstrate higher cell coverage. We then coated the tissues with the E8 fragment of human laminin-411 (hL411), which has high affinity for ECs, and found that Dynamic/hL411showed high area coverage, almost reaching 100% (Dynamic/Gelatin vs Dynamic/hL411; 58.7 ± 11.4 vs 97.5 ± 1.9%, P = 0.0017). Immunostaining revealed sufficient endothelial cell coverage as a single cell layer in Dynamic/hL411. A clot formation assay using human whole blood showed low clot formation in Dynamic/hL411, almost similar to that in the negative control, polytetrafluoroethylene. Surface modification of HHP-decellularized xenogeneic endothelial tissues combined with dynamic culture achieved sufficient ex vivo endothelialization along with prevention of clot formation, indicating their potential for clinical use as vascular grafts in the future.
Tumor in transit: Is there a way out?
Authors: Walse Rohit , Pant Bhagwati , Sivadasapillai Harikrishnan
Published: September 2022

A 50 year-old lady, was referred to our institute with exertional dyspnea (New York Heart Association functional class II). Her echocardiogram revealed a mobile mass in right atrium moving in and out of right ventricle across tricuspid valve in diastole and systole respectively. Inferior vena cava angiogram confirmed the findings. She then underwent surgical correction and has been asymptomatic on follow up.
Laplacian Regularized Motion Tomography for Underwater Vehicle Flow Mapping with Sporadic Localization Measurements
Authors: Ouerghi Meriam , Hou Mengxue , Zhang Fumin
Published: September 2022

Localization measurements for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) are often difficult to obtain. In many cases, localization measurements are only available sporadically after the AUV comes to the sea surface. Sincethe motion of AUVs is often affected by unknown underwater flow fields, the sporadic localization measurements carry information of the underwater flow field. Motion tomography (MT) algorithms have been developed to compute a underwater flow map based on the sporadic localization measurements. This paper extends MT by introducing Laplacian regularization in to the problem formulation and the MT algorithm. Laplacian regularization enforces smoothness in the spatial distribution of the underwater flow field. The resulted Laplacian regularized motion tomography (RMT) algorithm converges to achieve a finite error bounded. The performance of the RMT and other variants of MT are compared through the method of data resolution analysis. The improved performance of RMT is confirmed by experimental data collected from underwater glider ocean sensing experiments.
Inter-unit management of neonates with congenital heart diseases between NICU and PICU
Authors: Ibi Kyosuke , Takahashi Naoto
Published: September 2022

Background: Neonates undergoing cardiac surgeries require highly specialized perioperative care. However, limited information is currently available on the impact of the preoperative location of neonates undergoing cardiac surgeries on the management and outcomes. This was a retrospective observational study that compared management patterns, morbidity, and mortality among infants before and after the renovation of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in a single university hospital.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of neonates admitted to the University of Tokyo Hospital NICU who underwent cardiac surgery and were treated in the PICU during hospitalization. We collected data on infants born in two different time periods (“Before”: in 2017 and 2018, and “After”: in 2020 and 2021). The “Before” group comprised patients managed in the previous ward, while the “After” group included patients managed in the new ward.
Results: Maternal age was higher and complicated cases were significantly more frequent in the “After” group (p<0.05). However, in-hospital mortality was similar between the two groups (p=0.98). Patients were exchanged between the NICU and PICU significantly more often in the “After” group (p<0.01). Patients in the “After” group left the PICU earlier after cardiac surgeries.
Conclusions: The results of this retrospective analysis of a single center showed that management plans for neonates with congenital heart defects may be changed depending on the ward arrangement. Patients were transferred between the NICU and PICU more frequently when adjacent to each other, which enabled an earlier discharge from the PICU.
Use of IQOSTM (a heated tobacco product) in Italy: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Pellegatti Tommaso , Paparatti Umberto di Luzio
Published: September 2022

Background: Limited data are available on the use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) and specifically the use of IQOS™ in Italy. Here, we present the results of a cross-sectional survey on a randomly selected sample of registered of IQOS™ legal age users with the aim of assessing their use behaviors associated with IQOS™ and previous tobacco use history to better understand patterns of IQOS™ use at individual and population levels in Italy.
Methods: A quantitative survey on 3002 interviews was conducted from May 20 to May 26, 2020, on a sample of IQOS™ users of both sexes, aged 18-80 years and who had used at least 100 tobacco units (HEETSTM) in their lifetime.
Results: The mean age at the time of starting using IQOSTM was 36.3 years. Only 0.8% had started regularly (at least 1 HEETSTM per day) using IQOS™ at 16-<18 years, whereas the majority started at 25-44 years (52.5%). For 64% of respondents, IQOS™ was their exclusive tobacco product, whereas 36% used IQOS™ in combination with another tobacco and/or nicotine product (TNP) (mainly IQOS™ and cigarettes: 25%). Ninety percent of IQOS™ users were cigarette smokers (89.7%) or e-cigarette users (0.3%) at the time when they started using IQOS™. Only 0.6% had never smoked, and 8.3% were former cigarette smokers or e-cigarette users when they started to use IQOS™.
Conclusions: The vast majority of respondents were already smokers when they switched to IQOS™, suggesting that the product does not pose a strong risk of attracting nicotine-naïve users. Further, most IQOS™ users in this survey reported they no longer smoke cigarettes. Our findings indicate that the use of alternative TNPs has the potential to reduce the number of cigarette smokers in Italy.
Beyond the state of the art of reverse vaccinology: predicting vaccine efficacy with the Universal Immune System Simulator for influenza
Authors: Russo Giulia , Crispino Elena , Maleki Avisa , Salvatore Valentina Di , Pappalardo Francesco
Published: September 2022

When it was first introduced in 2000, reverse vaccinology was defined as an in silico approach that begins with the pathogen's genomic sequence and concludes with a list of potential protein and/or peptide candidates that need to be experimentally confirmed for vaccine production. During the subsequent years, reverse vaccinology has dramatically changed: now it consists of a large number of bioinformatics tools and processes namely subtractive proteomics, computational vaccinology, immunoinformatics, and in silico related procedures. However, the state of the art of reverse vaccinology still misses the ability to predict the efficacy of the proposed vaccine formulation. Here, we describe how to fill the gap introducing an advanced immune system simulator able to test the efficacy of a vaccine formulation against the disease for which it has been designed. As a working example, we present a fully application of this advanced reverse vaccinology approach to design and predict the efficacy of a potential vaccine formulation against influenza H5N1. Climate change and melting glaciers are critical issues due to reactivating frozen viruses and emerging new pandemics. H5N1 is one of the potential strains present in frozen lakes that can raise a pandemic. Investigating structural antigen protein is the most profitable therapeutic pipeline to generate an effective vaccine against H5N1. In particular, we designed a multi-epitope vaccine based on predicted epitopes of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins that potentially trigger B-cells, CD4, and CD8 T-cell immune responses. Antigenicity and toxicity of all predicted CTL, Helper T-lymphocytes, and B-cells epitopes were evaluated, and both antigenic and non-allergenic epitopes were selected. In the perspective of advanced reverse vaccinology, the Universal Immune System Simulator, an in silico trial computational framework, was applied to estimate vaccine efficacy using a cohort of 100 digital patients.
Predictors of mortality in hospitalized elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia: A three-year retrospective clinical evaluation
Authors: Arian Mahdieh , Oghazian Mohammad Bagher
Published: September 2022

Background/Objective:
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the common causes of hospitalization in the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the clinical findings and the underlying risk factors of mortality in elderly hospitalized patients with CAP.
Methods
The research population consisted of all patients with CAP, aged 60-year-old or over and admitted to a tertiary hospital within three years. Questionnaires were filled out to record patients' personal information, clinical data, and related findings from their medical records.
Results
In this cross-sectional study, 90 hospitalized patients were included with a mean age of 73.04 ± 12.32. Coughing was the most prevalent clinical sign in 76.7% of admitted patients. The most common underlying diseases were diabetes (47.8%) and cardiovascular diseases (42.2%). The result of the present study showed that the mortality rate in hospitalized patients with CAP is correlated with age ≥ 65 years (odd ratio (OR) = 6.51), O2 saturation < 90% OR = 8.61, glucose ≥ 250 mg/dL (OR = 9.83), ALT > 58 or AST > 38 U/L (OR = 6.8), serum albumin < 2.2 mg/dL (OR = 6.62), and rise in WBC count > 13,000/mm3 (OR = 7.14), respectively.
Conclusion
Our results suggested that age over 65 years, low O2 saturation, high blood glucose, elevated liver enzymes, low serum albumin, and rise in WBC count are the main clinical factors of mortality in elderly hospitalized patients with CAP. Future studies should seek the impact of these clinical findings and risk factors of CAP in early treatment, the costs of treatment, and the mortality rate.
Symmetry breaking in semilinear boundary value problems
Authors:   , Kübler Joel
Published: September 2022

This thesis is concerned with the study of symmetry breaking phenomena for several different semilinear partial differential equations. Roughly speaking, this encompasses equations whose symmetries are not necessarily inherited by their solutions, which is particularly interesting for ground state solutions.
Gated Community Potret Kesenjangan Sosial
Authors: Noya Hendy Thomi , Wiyatiningsih
Published: September 2022

Title: Gated Community A Portrait of Social Gaps. Case Study: Casa Grande Real Estate in Yogyakarta
 
The rapid development of Yogyakarta affects the spread of housing areas to the region of Sleman Regency. Various types of housing overgrow. The middle-high accommodations are usually exclusive and surrounded by fences. The gated community has become a trend for the community’s privacy and security. A gated community's existence can potentially create social gaps between residents and local people. Based on the background, the study’s purpose of identifying social gaps caused by the gated community and the influencing architectural elements. The study implemented a qualitative research method with a case study approach comparing the case with other cases as the context. The study was done in Casa Grande real estate compared to Bale Hinggil and Pesona Merapi real estate. The three cases are in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Province. The study results show that the fences bordering the housing community strengthen the concept of “the others” as dangerous people that must be watched over. However, the development of social media changes the restricted relation into partnership relations. Social segregation that groups people according to economic class is shifting. However, a gated community still exists to meet modern society’s needs, lifestyle, privacy, comfort, and security.
Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje como Medio de Prácticas Éticas en Formación de Psicólogos
Authors: Rojas Torres Olga Lucía
Published: September 2022

Con el crecimiento de la población que opta por incursionar en la educación virtual para formarse profesionalmente, las instituciones se enfrentan al reto de contemplar el desarrollo de estrategias que permitan asegurar la calidad de programas de formación como en el caso de la psicología, requieren de profesionales idóneos capaces de atender las necesidades de pacientes a través de acciones oportunas enmarcadas en comportamientos de profesionales éticos, capaces de tomar decisiones orientadas por la responsabilidad, la honestidad y el respeto; a quienes se les pueden confiar situaciones generadoras de algún tipo de problemática, sin prevenciones frente a las posibles acciones implementadas. Por tal razón, en este trabajo se hace una aproximación frente a la percepción quetienen los estudiantes frente a aspectos como la responsabilidad, la honestidad, la justicia, la disciplina, la auto-regulación, el compromiso y el trabajo colaborativo dentro de su proceso de formación disciplinar, como indicadores de prácticas éticas en su formación profesional. Para el desarrollo de este proceso, es relevante tener en cuenta las conductas que promueven prácticas educativas éticas, las cuales se convertirán en acciones profesionales éticas como el ser autentico ante las actividadesdesarrolladas durante el proceso formativo; la honestidad en la autoría de los productos realizados; la participación activa en las actividades colaborativas; el pensar en el bienestar del otro y no solo en el personal; y la importancia del esfuerzo por un mejoramiento continuo que propenda por la excelencia y la calidad profesional.
Collective Reasoning of Cirebon’s Petatah-petitih in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Gufron Iffan Ahmad , Darojat Jajat , Barnawi Barnawi
Published: September 2022

The local wisdom-based Cirebon's Petatah-petitih, namely Slaman, Slumun, Slamet, and Slata, Slutu, Wutuh, has played an important role in shaping people's mindsets, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper is a philological study of copies of manuscripts about Jawokan and Suluk still practiced by the people of Cirebon. The paper aims to discuss the contextual problems of COVID-19 from the perspective of oral literature that has developed in Cirebon. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, this study will examine the oral literature of Cirebon's Petatah-petitih through Abed al-Jabiri's critique of reason named burhānī. The study found that the ideas formed in Cirebon's Petatah-petitih could be a power of knowl­edge in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Later, it will use Michel Foucault's theory of the relationship between power and knowledge as an analytical framework. In this regard, the meaning of something is always found in relation to other meanings. The value of Cirebon's Petatah-petitih will be meaningful and have life value if it is applied to deal with the recent pandemic.
Reinventing Wiḥdat al-Wujūd: Locality, Cultural Catharsis, and Spirituality of Majelis Shalawat Muhammad in East Java
Authors: Rubaidi Rubaidi , Jamaludin Husna , Setianingsih Dwi
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the teaching of Wiḥdat al-Wujūd in Majelis Shalawat Muhammad in Surabaya and Bojonegoro from 2011 to the study period. As a Sufi “organization,” Majelis Shalawat under Gus Kahar and Gus Mursyidin (murshid) learned the Sufi thoughts on Ibnu ‘Arabi doctrine. This article was established on qualitative research using participatory techniques, in which the author was deeply involved in the Majelis Sahalawat. On the one side, this paper explores the Sufi education system of Gus Kahar and Gus Mursyidin from ‘lelaku’ or riyāḍah. The result of the inquiry presented a connection between the sanad and Sufi scholars in Java. On the other hand, Sufi thought in various Majelis Shalawat indicates a strong Wiḥdat al-Wujūd thought. This article argues that the thought of Wiḥdat al-Wujūd continuing living from time to time is proven by the thoughts of the two murshids in Majelis Shalawat Muhammad in East Java. These two murshids do not directly use the term Wiḥdat al-Wujūd; instead, the term aḥad or aḥadiyah is more frequent, which is synonymous with Wiḥdat al-Wujūd doctrines of Ibnu ‘Arabi. It also emphasizes that Indonesian Sufism denotes the importance of locality and cultural catharsis within Javanese Muslim’s spiritual practices.
El historiador como intelectual crítico. Aproximación a la obra de Josep Fontana
Authors: Ramos Pérez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo hace un breve balance de la obra del historiador catalán Josep Fontana y en particular de algunos de los puntos de mayor interés de la amplia gama de posibilidades analíticas que nos permite su obra. En un primer momento se recoge su discusión en relación con las corrientes historiográficas en el marco del fin del socialismo de Estado a principios de la década de 1990. Posteriormente, se trata un aspecto tal vez no tan conocido de su pensamiento, pero no por ello menos importante: la enseñanza de la historia. Por último, se comentan algunos de sus principales propuestas en relación con la renovación del oficio del historiador y su función intelectual y social en la sociedad contemporánea. El artículo finaliza con algunas conclusiones entre las que se destaca la relación entre el compromiso político y la utilidad social que debe caracterizar el trabajo del historiador.
Percepciones del impacto de la pandemia en las prácticas docentes de Chile y Perú
Authors: Andrada Pablo , Mateus Julio-César
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo forma parte del proyecto internacional EduCovid19, que busca describir la percepción de los docentes sobre el impacto de la COVID-19 en sus prácticas, así como la de sus estudiantes. En ese contexto, este texto se focaliza en realizar comparaciones de las percepciones docentes en diferentes variables y proyectar sus consecuencias en la carrera docente. Participaron del estudio una muestra (N=541) de profesores chilenos y peruanos de todos los niveles educativos a través de un cuestionario estructurado virtual. Los resultados muestran desigualdades en las prácticas docentes de ambos países a partir de diferencias significativas vinculadas con la desigualdad de género, brechas socioeconómicas y el grado académico de los educadores.
Efectos de la pandemia en el trabajo de cuidados: el caso de las y los docentes universitarios tabasqueños que trabajaron desde el hogar
Authors: Solana-Villanueva Nélyda , De los Heros-Rondenil Martín Gabriel , Murillo-López Sandra Carmen
Published: September 2022

En este estudio, se analiza el efecto que tuvo el teletrabajo en la vida de las y los docentes de la División Académica Multidisciplinaria de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT) en México, durante el confinamiento por COVID-19, principalmente en el trabajo de cuidados en los hogares con integrantes de 15 años o menos. El argumento central es que esto afecta más a las mujeres que a los hombres considerados en este estudio. Los resultados muestran que las docentes asumieron el rol principal de los cuidados y las tareas domésticas, conciliando estas exigencias con el teletrabajo, a expensas de reducir sus horas de sueño y ver afectada su salud física y mental (estrés, depresión, ansiedad).
La educación virtual durante la pandemia desde la perspectiva de los profesores peruanos de secundaria en escuelas rurales
Authors: Tacca Huamán Daniel Rubén , Tirado Castro Luis Junior , Cuarez Cordero Renzo
Published: September 2022

Debido a la pandemia por COVID-19, todo el sistema educativo migró a la modalidad virtual, lo que trajo consigo retos sociales, tecnológicos, psicológicos, etc. En este contexto, las escuelas rurales, que presentaban diversas carencias desde antes de la pandemia, se convirtieron en un esce­nario donde la labor de enseñanza y, consecuentemente, el aprendizaje de los estudiantes se vieron perjudicados en diversos aspectos. Por lo anterior, la presente investigación buscó recoger las experiencias de los profesores de secundaria sobre la educación virtual que se implementó en las zonas rurales del Perú por la pandemia de COVID-19. La metodología fue cualitativa y fenomenológica, y se realizaron entrevistas a 23 profesores. El impacto inicial del cierre de las escuelas cambió drásticamente la dinámica educativa, y llevó a una gran incertidumbre; como respuesta, los profesores salieron en busca de sus alumnos, a pesar de las dificultades geográficas y tecnológicas. Asimismo, la brecha digital se hizo más evidente, no percibieron ayuda de algunas autoridades, el apoyo familiar fue diverso y se redujeron los pro­gramas educativos, lo que afectó las oportunidades de aprendizaje. Todo indicaría que las brechas educativas, sociales y tecnológicas preexistentes en la zona rural se agravaron, y se espera que las nuevas políticas públicas atiendan esta problemática lo antes posible.
Train traffic planning in intelligent transportation systems
Authors: Baranov, L. A. , Safronov A. I. , Sidorenko V. G.
Published: September 2022

Aim. To suggest a new method of energy-efficient traffic planning for subways. Traffic planning is understood as passenger train scheduling in compliance with all the applicable requirements and restrictions involving hourly performance in terms of the specified number of handled train pairs, efficient use of the theoretical and practical capacity of a given subway line, safety of vehicle traffic ensured by timely technical diagnostics of the rolling stock in the form of scheduled repairs and inspections in depots and/or lineside technical inspection stations, passenger comfort expressed in the uniformity of train delivery to stations, which, in turn, ensures the redistribution of passenger flows at stations and prevents congestion on platforms.

Methods. The paper uses methods of automated construction of target metro train schedules that are based on the criteria of train spacing uniformity, as well as uniformity of rolling stock distribution in the process of transition planning, with subsequent redistribution of delay times defined by the automation algorithm over the station-to-station travel times. The method of uniform travel times is based on minimizing the sum of square deviations of departure times for all stations and all trains. The method of vehicle uniformity within transition processes is based on the application of the Euclidean integer division algorithm. When preparing the paper, the authors took into account the fact that metro lines feature systems of various levels of automation regulated by the IEC 62290-1-2014 international standard. Attention was paid not only to transportation systems with high degrees of automation (classified as GoA3 and GoA4 in the standards), but those with low automation (classified as GoA0, GoA1 and GoA2) as well.

Results. The method proposed in the paper clearly shows reduced power consumption associated with train traction that is proportional to the durations of delayed departures defined by the automation algorithms of the intelligent automated system for target metro train schedule construction.

Conclusions. The presented approach clearly indicates a direct correlation between the energy efficiency of a train schedule and the uniformity of distribution of control actions that adjust train spacing and the durations of the adopted delays, defines the sequences of added/removed units of rolling stock within transition processes, as well as rational night-time train allocation. The materials presented in the paper extend the available knowledge in the field of automation of metro train traffic planning, thus enabling further improvement of the methods of intelligent transportation system design that take into account the deployed highly automated train driving systems (GoA3 and GoA4).
Postpulmonary Embolism Follow-Up and Epidemiology of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Jasuja Sonia , Sherman Alexander E. , Saggar Rajan , Channick Richard N.
Published: September 2022

The follow-up of patients with acute pulmonary embolism is an essential component of their comprehensive care. This manuscript will discuss the critical components involved in the outpatient follow-up of pulmonary embolism, including the development of post hospitalization follow-up clinics, assessment of functional capacity and residual right ventricular function, anticoagulation, recurrence risk of venous thromboembolism, and retrieval of inferior vena cava filters. In addition to these listed topics, the epidemiology of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension will be discussed, including the spectrum of postpulmonary embolism syndrome (PPES), risk factors for the development of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, and the incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after acute pulmonary embolism.
Medical Management of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Goyanes Alice M. , Heresi Gustavo A.
Published: September 2022

Medical therapy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) has two primary goals- to prevent recurrent thromboembolic events and to reduce right ventricular afterload with targeted medications (vasodilators) for pulmonary hypertension. These medical strategies are used in conjunction with mechanical treatments for CTEPH (pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) or balloon angioplasty). In the context of this review, we discuss anticoagulation strategies, patient selection for vasodilator therapy with particular focus on hemodynamic and clinically meaningful definitions of residual pulmonary hypertension after PTE and inoperable disease and then summarize the current randomized clinical trials (RCT) which have studied effectiveness of vasodilators in patients with CTEPH.
Expediente
Authors: Adriane C. Kasprowicz
Published: September 2022

Expediente
Flora vascular e formas de vida das formações de restinga do litoral norte da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Francisco Sanches Gomes  , Maria Lenise Silva Guedes
Published: September 2022

Um checklist e uma análise das formas de vida presentes na restinga da Área de Preservação Ambiental (APA) Litoral Norte, na Bahia, foram realizados, a fim de ampliar o conhecimento da flora da região. Fizeram-se coletas em áreas pouco amostradas e levantamento nos acervos dos herbários Alexandre Leal Costa (ALCB), da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (HUEFS), Antônio Nonato Marques (BAH) e da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (ASE). Compilaram-se 4.766 espécimes, 934 espécies e 124 famílias, distribuídas em diversas fisionomias de restinga. Onze famílias foram responsáveis por 47% do total de espécies, com destaque para Fabaceae, Rubiaceae e Myrtaceae. As fanerófitas representaram maior parte das espécies (55%), seguidas de caméfitas (26%), hemicriptófitas (10%), lianas (8%) e geófitas (1%). Nessa área foram encontradas 39 espécies endêmicas para a Bahia, entre elas Bactris soeiroana, Kielmeyera argentea, Erythroxylum leal-costae, Arapatiella psilophylla, Moldenhawera nutans, Poecilanthe itapuana, Swartzia polita e Psidium bahianum.
Produção de serapilheira em dois manguezais do estado do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Letícia Larcher  , Maria Regina Torres Boeger  , Guilherme Nogueira  , Carlos Bruno Reissmann
Published: September 2022

Serapilheira é a camada formada pela deposição e pelo acúmulo do material proveniente das espécies vegetais e representa a maior contribuição da entrada de nutrientes nos ecossistemas de manguezal. As variações encontradas na produção desse material são resultantes da ação de diferentes fatores ambientais e intrínsecos das espécies. Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar e comparar a produção da serapilheira de dois bosques de mangue no estado do Paraná, com diferentes padrões estruturais. Foram instalados 15 coletores em cada área, e realizaram-se as coletas mensalmente. Em ambas as áreas, a fração folhas foi o principal componente da serapilheira, seguida por ramos, material reprodutivo e miscelânea. As espécies apresentaram maior deposição de folhas e material reprodutivo nos meses com maior temperatura e maior precipitação. A salinidade parece ser o fator que mais influencia a produção total de serapilheira, resultando em uma baixa produtividade anual quando comparada com outras áreas de latitudes semelhantes.
Estudo do banco de sementes em diferentes fisionomias de restinga no litoral sul de São Paulo
Authors: Marília Barbério  , José Marcos Barbosa  , Maurício Augusto Rodrigues  , Nelson Augusto Santos Junior
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a composição do banco de sementes em diferentes fisionomias de restinga ao longo do litoral sul de São Paulo. Efetuaram-se as coletas do banco em quatro diferentes fisionomias (escrube, média restinga, alta restinga e transição para o interior das formações florestais), sendo em cada uma delas retiradas cinco amostras com auxílio de um gabarito de madeira. Cada amostra foi segregada em duas subamostras: serapilheira e solo. Inicialmente cada uma delas foi triada e os materiais obtidos foram dispostos em bandejas plásticas individualizadas por ponto de coleta. Constatou-se que existe especificidade de ocorrência das espécies para cada fisionomia. Encontrou-se o maior número de espécies (9) e de quantidade de sementes amostradas na fisionomia de escrube, tanto no banco (19) quanto na serapilheira (61). Com exceção da restinga média, nas demais fisionomias o número de sementes na serapilheira foi maior do que as encontradas no banco. No que se refere ao número de plântulas emergidas durante o processo de germinação, encontraram-se 37 espécies e 138 indivíduos; o ambiente restinga alta apresentou o maior número de espécies (13) e indivíduos (98). No geral, todas as fisionomias estudadas evidenciaram baixa riqueza de espécies e baixa densidade de diásporos.