bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIV in Paraná: clinical-epidemiological overview, distribution, and incidence by macroregional and regional health
Authors: Lima Lucas Vinícius de , Pavinati Gabriel , Sala Caroline , Silva Isadora Gabriella Paschoalloto , Amaral Greicy Cezar do , Höring Carla Franciele , Gil Nelly Lopes de Moraes , Magnabosco Gabriela Tavares
Published: August 2023

Objective: to trace the clinical-epidemiological panorama, distribution, and incidence of HIV cases by macroregional and regional health of Paraná. Material and Methods: descriptive epidemiological study, carried out with data obtained by the Notifiable Diseases Information System regarding HIV/AIDS cases registered in the state of Paraná between 2018 and 2019. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The study was authorized by the State Department of Health of Paraná and had a favorable opinion from the Research Ethics Committee. Results: 6,023 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported, with a prevalence of male, white, mean age of 35 years old, complete high school and college, and predominance of sexual transmission. The epidemiological characteristics corroborate the findings in the literature and are similar to the national profile. There were cases of mother-to-child vertical transmission during pregnancy and via transfusion, suggesting possibilities for effective action. East macroregional had the highest number of cases and incidence coefficient. Conclusion: the HIV/AIDS epidemic represents a multidimensional challenge for the health sector, considering its magnitude, severity, costs, and dissemination. Despite the improvement in infection prevention and health promotion strategies, the numbers of new infections per year are relevant and stable. The regionalization of information allows the individualization of epidemiological data, enabling the adoption of more effective strategies that correspond to local needs. Therefore, this study brings great contributions to local managers to direct strategies for assistance, surveillance, and control of this condition of great importance to public health.
Relationship Between Properties of Floating Systems and Flammable Liquids in the Stopping Their Burning Technology
Authors: Tregubov Dmytro , Dadashov Ilgar , Nuianzin Vitalii , Khrystych Olena , Minska Natalya
Published: August 2023

The contributions balance of isolation and cooling effects relative to the liquids surface to slow down their evaporation and to achieve safe vapor concentrations is determined. The influence of liquids characteristic temperatures and their water solubility on this process is considered. It is proven that the long-term effect of such means is provided by systems based on closed-pore floating solid materials (for example, foam glass). It is proposed to increase the foam glass low isolation and cooling capacity either by coating it with an inorganic gel or by wetting it with water. Smaller evaporation retardation coefficients by gel were obtained for liquids with the higher water solubility. A 5–6 times greater cooling capacity of the wet foam glass than dry foam glass was obtained for both polar and non-polar liquids. A smaller cooling effect is observed for liquids with a higher vaporization heat and is similar for both the use of the dry and wet foam glass. It was found that for low-boiling non-polar liquids, the evaporation slowing down is more effectively achieved by using isolation effects, and for high-boiling polar and non-polar liquids - by using cooling effects. It is proved that the fire extinguishing effect by applying the foam glass layer on the flammable liquid surface occurs in a similar way for liquids with close equivalent cluster lengths and not flash temperatures.
Investigation of the Impact Properties of the Material of the Isolation on the Parameters of the Loaded Cable Lines
Authors: Kulakov Oleg , Kustov Maksym , Katunin Albert , Roianov Oleksii
Published: August 2023

The thermodynamic model of work of the loaded cable line is presented. The received mathematical ratio allows to define the maximum allowed current loadings of the cable line in the form of a single-core cable product with the single-layer isolation depending on material and thickness of layer of isolation. It is constructed dependences of the maximum allowed current for a single-core wire of a certain section with one layer rubber (or polyvinilchloride) isolation from insulation layer thickness at various temperatures of the environment and the coefficients of the heat conductivity.
Preparation of a Photocatalytic Activated Carbon Based on Almond Shell and Ag-ZnO: Characterization and Application to Organic Effluent Treatment
Authors: Boulika Hamza , Nabih Meryem Hajji , Elhajam Maryam , Kandri Noureddine Idrissi , Zerouale Abdelaziz
Published: August 2023

A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of an heterostructure of Ag-ZnO composite alone and impregnated with activated carbon (AC) prepared from almond shells has been developed. The structural, morphological, compositional and optical properties of the synthesized composites were examined respectively by X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy Coupled to EDS, Infrared Spectroscopy and Diffuse Reflectance Ultraviolet-Visible. The use of this prepared these materials allows to degrade up to 99.9% of MR by photocatalysis in visible light at a pH of 6 and a H2O2 concentration of 0.1 M. This efficiency of these composites developed is attributed to their homogeneous structural and functional composition, to the fineness of the particles, to their wide bandgap of 2,487 eV for Ag-ZnO and 1,856 eV for Ag-ZnO/CA and to the high thermal resistance of Ag-ZnO. This type of composite seems to be effective for the depollution of organic effluents.
Outdoor Experimental Investigation of the Temperature Effect on the Performance of Different PV Modules Materials
Authors: Mehdi Maryam , Ammari Nabil , Alami Merrouni Ahmed , Dahmani Mohamed , Benazzouz Aboubakr
Published: August 2023

Desert locations are of great interest for photovoltaic applications due to their high solar availability. However, in these regions, harsh climatic conditions can have a significant impact on the performance and reliability of photovoltaic panels. In the present study, the effect of temperature on the performance of the two PV technologies, Polycrystalline Silicon (pc-Si) and thin film Cadmium Telluride (CdTe), in a hot desert climate was investigated. To accomplish this, one module from each technology was installed in Benguerir city and exposed to outdoor conditions during the hot season of the year (May to October). Results indicate that although pc-Si exhibits higher module efficiency than CdTe, the latter was less temperature-sensitive under high ambient temperature values. In fact, during the monitoring period, CdTe technology demonstrated lower module temperatures than pc-Si, with a daily average temperature deviation of 1.75°C. In addition, the performance ratio and conversion efficiency for pc-Si were reduced by 8.7% and 1.35%, respectively, when the daily average ambient temperature increased from 25°C to 40°C. While with the thin film CdTe technology, the decline in these performance parameters did not exceed 6.8% and 1.05%, respectively.
Analysisof Riskof Self-Ignition Grain Products During Storage
Authors: Yatsukh Oleh , Zoria Mykhailo
Published: August 2023

The paper analyzes the risk of spontaneous combustion of grain products during storage. It has been established that there is an annual increase in the number of fires at grain elevators. The article presents a method for early detection of a fire hazardous state of a grain embankment, in which, by means of preliminary laboratory modeling, the construction of experimental dependences of the temperature of a grain embankment on time is provided. It is shown that due to this, the accuracy of predicting the critical characteristics of a grain embankment increases. It has been experimentally proved that preliminary laboratory identification of the parameters of the law of temperature change and the construction of a diagram of the dependence of the temperature of a grain embankment on time allows in production conditions to determine in advance the time to reach a risky temperature value.
Fire-Resistant Coatings, Obtained by Layer-by-Layer Assembly, in the System of Silicic Acid Gel – Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate – Urea
Authors: Skorodumova Olga , Sharshanov Andrey , Chebotaryova Olena , Kurepin Viacheslav , Sotiriadis Konstantinos
Published: August 2023

The paper discusses the influence of flame retardant compositions obtained in the system of silicic acid sol (SiO2 sol) – flame retardants on the fire retardant properties of thin dense cotton fabrics and low density voluminous tapestry fabrics. The need to develop the optimal composition of a fire-retardant composition for a specific fabric, or to unify it for two main groups of fabric: thin and bulky low-density ones, is substantiated. Experimental coatings were obtained by applying SiO2 sol, which was obtained by the reaction between liquid glass and acetic acid, followed by application of flame retardant solutions (diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAHP) and urea) by spraying or by the bath method. As a result of the optimization, using the central composite uniform rotatable plan of the second order, it was established that the main effect of the flame retardant is exerted by diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAHP). The content or concentration of urea depends on the concentration of DAHP used: if diluted DAHP solutions (9–10 %) are used, trace amounts of urea (0–0.5 %) must be added. In the case of using a concentrated DAHP solution (18–20 %), the concentration of the urea solution should also be increased to 8–10 %.
The Bunker - Like a Structure for Storing the Life of the Civilian Population in Conditions of Danger
Authors: Perperi Alla , Perperi Alisa , Surianinova Daria , Otrosh Viktoriia
Published: August 2023

The work presents an analysis of the requirements for the creation of a bunker and the development of a schematic layout of civilian bomb shelters from an urban point of view in order to create the most comfortable and long-term stay in safe zones during dangers. The historical development of bunkers, the basic principles of their design, placement and construction are considered. The analysis carried out showed the high popularity of bunkers in the modern world and the steadily increasing requirements for design solutions, structural strength and comfort. The modern architecture of bunkers is also developing in an urban direction, tending to create real underground cities.
Tobacco Use among School-Age Adolescents in Indonesia: Findings from the 2015 Indonesia Global School-Based Student Health Survey
Authors: Ihyauddin Zulfikar , Putri Dwi Astuti Dharma , Tengkawan Jeslyn , Ekawati Fitriana Murriya , Sitaresmi Mei Neni
Published: August 2023

Background: Although Indonesia has a considerable proportion of adolescent smokers, nationally representative studies of its determinants remain limited. The 2015 Indonesian Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was conducted with school-age adolescents and provided information about smoking behavior. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, determinants, and correlates of tobacco use among adolescents in Indonesia using the GSHS survey.Methods: A secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2015 Indonesian GSHS. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the determinants and correlates of tobacco use.Results: Our analysis showed that 9.1% of school-age adolescents had used tobacco products in the past 30 days. Most were 13–15 years (61.7%) and had attempted to stop smoking (92.4%). After adjusting for covariates, significant risk factors associated with tobacco smoking were older age groups (prevalence odds ratio [POR], 3.01–9.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71–23.1), male (POR, 13.7; 95% CI, 8.71–21.5), psychological distress (POR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.05–1.90), smoking exposure (POR, 1.98–2.15; 95% CI, 1.35–3.42), and when both parents smoked (POR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.78–4.94). In addition, tobacco use was associated with other risky behaviors, including sex with multiple partners, using drugs, drinking alcohol, and being involved in physical fights.Conclusion: Tobacco use is high among Indonesian adolescents. This prevalence highlights the need for a more stringent tobacco control policy and tailored cessation programs for adolescents by considering important modifiable determinants of tobacco use among adolescents, including risky smoking-related behaviors.
The Effect of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Serum Levels of Vitamin A, D and B12 and Iron Profile on Patients with Morbid Obesity
Authors: Rashnoo Fariborz , Seifinezhad Arsham , Zefreh Hamidreza , Sheikhbahaei Erfan , Irajpour Amir Hossein
Published: August 2023

Background:

One of the concerns after bariatric surgery is the lack of nutrients and vitamins due to anatomical and physiological changes that occur after the surgery. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on these nutrients and vitamins.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study was performed in Tehran and all the patients who met the inclusion criteria before the surgery were tested for serum levels of vitamins A, B12, D, ferritin, serum iron, and TIBC. The patients were tested once again for the same micronutrients, one year after surgery.

Results:

A total of 120 patients had the inclusion criteria and all of them completed the follow-up period. Of the patients, 64.2% (77 patients) were female and 35.8% (43 patients) were male. The mean weight of the patients was 122.1 ± 14.8 kg and the mean BMI of patients before surgery was 43.6 ± 4.4 kg/m2. Comparing these parameters before and after surgery showed that serum levels of vitamins A and B12, ferritin, and TIBC were not significantly different from before surgery. However, vitamin D levels after surgery were significantly higher than before (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The result of the present study demonstrated that laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is one of the most effective surgical methods for obesity treatment and does not cause a lack of nutrients and vitamins in long term and does not require supplementation. In addition, it promotes serum levels of vitamin D, which is effective in preventing the effects of vitamin D deficiency in obese patients.
A Mini-Review of Current Treatment Approaches and Gene Therapy as Potential Interventions for Diabetes Mellitus Types 1
Authors: Dezashibi Hoda Mohammad , Shabani Aliakbar
Published: August 2023

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a chronic condition characterized by the loss or dysfunction of β-cells in the pancreas, resulting in insufficient insulin production. This mini-review examines current treatment approaches and explores the potential of gene therapy as interventions for type 1 diabetes mellitus. The discussed strategies include β-cell sensitization, β-cell regeneration from various cell sources, stem cell therapies, and the promotion of β-cell replication. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the pathways involved in β-cell proliferation and the factors influencing their replication. Stem cell therapies, particularly using embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, hold promise for generating β-cells and replacing damaged or lost cells. Additionally, gene therapy offers a novel approach by manipulating genes involved in insulin production and glucose metabolism. However, ethical considerations, tumorigenic risks, and the translation of these therapies into clinical trials pose challenges. Nonetheless, the ongoing research and advancements in these areas provide hope for improved management and treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Efficacy of Hiranyatutta for Managing a Case of Joint Pain in Secondary Hamochromatosis in Beta Thalassemia Major
Authors: Ranade Manjiri
Published: August 2023

Thalassemias are hereditary globin-producing diseases caused by mutations in the globin gene. In the Indian subcontinent, it is a major concern, particularly among individuals of lower socioeconomic status. Although there is no curative treatment, frequent blood transfusions are required to delay mortality. Although regular blood transfusions are required, they do have health effects. Secondary hemochromatosis (iron overload) is a condition in which the iron in red blood cells accumulates in various body parts as a result of frequent blood transfusions. Secondary hemochromatosis can cause a range of symptoms depending on the organs involved, but the most common and severe symptom is joint pain, which affects the patient not only physically but also mentally. We treated one patient with this condition using Hiranyatutta, a novel ayurvedic medication, and the outcomes were promising. An 18-year-old boy was suffering from this chronic condition since the last 2 years. Joint discomfort and swelling persisted to the point that the patient's activities of daily life were hampered. The disease activity score using 28 joint counts (DAS28) rating technique gives a score of 5.8 for the baseline severity. Over 3 months, the patient's symptoms gradually improved. This condition is identical to Vata-Rakta in the Ayurvedic medical system. Traditional approaches to the potential of successful management are being explored as modern sciences have management constraints. With actions such as Tridoshaghna, Vatashamaka, Raktashod-haka, and Vedanahara, therefore alleviating the signs and symptoms of Vata-Rakta, this drug has a synergistic role in breaking the pathophysiology of Vata-Rakta. Though the condition cannot be completely cured, it can be effectively managed and controlled. Because of the suffering associated with the condition, the costs suffered by the patient, and with the objective of bringing relief to the hurting society from this condition, the use of an ayurvedic holistic approach might be valuable.
Comparative Phytochemical and HPTLC Analysis of Nisha (Curcuma Longa Linn.) Chunra (powder), Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) Churna (Powder), and Nisha Amalaki Churna (Powder)
Authors: Jawanjal Pravin , Bedarkar Prashant , Patgiri B. J. , Shukla V. J.
Published: August 2023

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate phytochemical constituent and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis of Nisha churna, Amalaki churna, and Nishamalaki churna.

Introduction:

Nisha churna, Amalaki churna, and Nishamalaki churna are important formulations, which are used in many disorders and a constituent of numerous Ayurvedic formulations.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted on Nisha churna, Amalaki churna, and Nishamalaki churna (authenticated), as per standard method.

Results:

Identification of steroid, alkaloids, and amino acids were confirmed by authenticated phytochemical standard parameter.

Conclusion:

Physiochemical analysis including HPTLC of Nisha churna, Amalaki churna, and Nishamalaki churna will help in further standardization.
A case of congenital neurovascular hamartoma with midline cleft of the upper lip
Authors: Chatterjee Siddhartha , Pramanick Debolina , Raythatha Vivek R.
Published: August 2023

Developmental hamartomas are dysmorphic proliferation of native tissues which unlike neoplasms do not grow continuously and are mostly seen in infancy and childhood. Hamartoma of neurovascular origin can present itself as upper lip malformation. These lesions sometimes regress spontaneously while some require surgical intervention. Here, we report a case of congenital neurovascular hamartoma with midline cleft of the upper lip, tongue tie, and lower lip pits in a 4-month-old baby, managed by surgical intervention.
Restoring Esthetics and Functional Harmony in a Patient with Attrited Dentition Using Hobo Twin-Stage Technique
Authors: Kumar K. Harsha , Gopika K. K. , Shari S. R.
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Severe occlusal wear can result in occlusal disharmony, impaired function, pulpal trauma, and esthetic problems. Occlusal disharmony can be due to the collapse of posterior teeth which may lead to loss of normal occlusal plane and the reduction of vertical dimension. Subsequently, there is a loss of vertical facial height of the patient that can cause lack of confidence in patient due to inferior esthetics. This clinical report describes the use of the Hobo twin-stage procedure for the rehabilitation of a patient with severe tooth wear, resulting in reduced vertical dimension of occlusion.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE TO INTERDISCIPLINARY DENTISTRY

Clinical relevance to interdisciplinary dentistry-An interdisciplinary approach was carried out to achieve the best possible result in terms of both aesthetics and function for this case of full mouth rehabilitation.
The Effect of Water Aging on the Repair Shear Bond Strength of Current Resin Composites
Authors: Kölüs Türkay , Çelik Ayse Canan Tutku , Ülker H. Esra
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims:

We aimed to examine if water aging changes the repair bond strength of currently available resin composites.

Subjects and Methods:

Charisma (Kulzer, Hanau, Germany), Essentia (GC, Tokyo, Japan), and CeramX (Dentsply Sirona, North Carolina, USA) resin composites were prepared within acrylic resin cylinders (n = 22). The surfaces of all samples were polished with OptiDisc (Kerr, California, USA), and G-Premio BOND (GC, Tokyo, Japan) was applied to the surfaces. The G-aenial (GC, Tokyo, Japan) resin composite was formed on the adhesive-applied surface aided by a Teflon mold with a diameter of 2.38 mm and height of 2 mm and then polymerized with a LED light source (VALO Cordless, Standard mode; Ultradent, Utah, USA) for 20 s. All samples were kept in water for 1 day. To determine the shear bond strength, a universal test device (Marestek, İstanbul, Turkey) with a knife-edged metal tip was used at a speed of 1 mm/min. For the experimental group, the composite surfaces of the same samples were sanded with 180-grit silicon carbide sandpaper and then polished with OptiDisc (Kerr, California, USA). Samples were then kept in water for 6 months. Adhesive repair resin composite and shear test applications were performed similarly to the control group. Paired sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and post hoc Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference tests were performed for statistical analysis. For statistical significance, P < 0.05 was accepted.

Results:

We observed repair shear bond strength values of 7.88 ± 3.20 MPa for Charisma versus 5.64 ± 3.08 MPa aged Charisma, 7.65 ± 2.64 MPa for Essentia versus 5.67 ± 3.10 MPa for aged Essentia, and 7.07 ± 3.22 MPa for CeramX versus 4.80 ± 2.28 for MPa aged CeramX. There was no difference within control groups nor in aged groups (P > 0.05). However, bond strength was lower in aged composites (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The repair bond strength of current resin composites decreases after 6 months of water aging.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE TO INTERDISCIPLINARY DENTISTRY

Repairing failed restorations is a common practice in a dental clinic. Repair of restorations is challenging, and our data suggests that the repair bond strength decreases with water aging for the tested resin composites, which are also widely used in clinics. In addition, using adhesive resin only as a surface preparation is insufficient. Therefore, clinicians are encouraged to optimise their treatment practices by considering these data.
Antibiotic use in patients undergoing complex clean-contaminated head and neck surgery: A prospective study
Authors: Mestrallet Pierre , Yanni Antoine , Roman Alain , Rodriguez Alexandra , Bouland Cyril , Javadian Rokneddine , Konopnicki Deborah , Dequanter Didier
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims and Objectives:

Oncological surgery of the upper aerodigestive tract is a complex procedure and often includes neck dissection and flap reconstruction. It can be complicated by severe surgical site infection (SSI) leading to flap necrosis, delayed wound healing, and increasing mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study is to perform a systematic descriptive analysis and to evaluate the effect of our adapted antibiotic regimen strategy on postoperative outcomes.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective cohort analysis of 47 patients undergoing major clean-contaminated head and neck surgery was conducted at the Cervicomaxillofacial Surgery Department (Saint-Pierre Hospital), between 2019 and 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: group I, which received a short-term postoperative antibiotic regimen for 24 h, and group II, which received a more extended postoperative antibiotic course for more than 24 h. Antibioprophylaxy amoxicillin and clavulanate were administered intravenously 30–60 min before making the incision. The antibiotic regimen was continued after surgery. The prognostic significance of the antibiotic regimen on postoperative outcomes, including clinical signs of infection and biological markers such as white blood cells count, and C-reactive protein levels was evaluated using univariate analysis.

Results:

Eighteen patients developed SSIs. All of these infections were grade 2 and were treated with antibiotics. After univariate analysis, only a history of hypothyroidism seems to be a predictor of SSI (P = 0.038). No significant difference was found in terms of onset and hospital stay when we compared the patients who received antibiotics for 24 h or more. Moreover, the rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria was not different in both groups.

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that postoperative antibiotics for more than 24 h do not confer benefit in terms of SSI. Oncological patients undergoing complex clean-contaminated head and neck surgery are often suffering from infectious complications and, despite the absence of guidelines, practicians should consider these findings in their decision-making.
Gingival crevicular fluid levels of neurokinin A and substance P in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abraham Dax , Singh Arundeep , Goyal Anjana
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims and Objectives:

The levels of neuropeptides neurokinin A (NKA) and substance P (SP) in the gingival crevicular fluid of patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) were evaluated using a comprehensive review and meta-analysis.

Materials and Methods:

The data bases of Pubmed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, Science Direct, Proquest and Cochrane library databases were thoroughly searched. The quality of the study was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Criteria. Twenty four studies were listed following a thorough search of full texts, abstracts, and removal of duplicates. Only two of these papers were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Since the results obtained were in mean and standard deviation, the levels of neuropeptides in the test and control groups were examined using the meta-analysis.

Results:

When compared with healthy teeth, NKA was not significantly elevated in GCF of individuals with SIP (P = 0.06; odd ratio = 1.34 [−0.05 to 2.74] at 95% confidence interval [CI]). Additionally, there was no evidence of an association between SP and SIP (P = 0.08; odds ratio = 0.84 [−0.10 to 1.77] at 95% CI).

Conclusion:

This systematic research demonstrated that in individuals with SIP, NKA, and SP are not substantially linked. However, the lack of study in this area makes it evident that additional research is needed, particularly in relation to pulpal disorders and NKA.
Choroidal metastasis secondary to renal tumor
Authors: Ramirez Ossa Andres Felipe , López Sebastián Vallejo , Gómez Calle Diana Carolina
Published: August 2023

Renal tumors correspond to a small part of the total number of neoplasms. However, they can cause metastasis, mainly in the lungs, bones, and liver. In the eye, the uvea is the structure with the highest affinity due to its high vascularity, and its presence is considered a poor prognostic factor for patient survival. A case report of a patient diagnosed with a renal cell tumor with metastasis in multiple body parts, including the choroid, is presented. A review of the literature in this regard is also carried out.
Body mass index and prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Korean adults before and after the COVID-19 outbreak: a retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Jeong Joo-Eun , Park Hoon-Ki , Hwang Hwan-Sik , Park Kye-Yeung , Lee Myoung-Hye , Shin Seon-Hi , Choi Nayeon
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES: Studies evaluating weight changes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have yielded inconsistent results, and most of those studies were based on self-reported anthropometric measures. We investigated changes in body mass index (BMI), professionally measured waist circumference (WC), and metabolic syndrome components from before to during the pandemic in a sample of the adult population in Korea.METHODS: This retrospective study included 1,118 male and female (age≥18 years) who underwent health checkups at a university medical center between January 1, 2016 and March 31, 2022. Changes in BMI, lifestyles, and metabolic syndrome components during the pandemic were analyzed using the paired t-test, McNemar test, generalized estimating equations, and repeated-measures analysis of variance.RESULTS: Changes in body weight, BMI, and body fat percentage during the pandemic were not clinically significant. However, statistically significant results were found for decreased physical activity (p<0.001) and WC (p<0.001), and exacerbation of all metabolic syndrome components (except serum triglyceride levels). Moreover, the metabolic syndrome prevalence increased significantly from 20.2% to 31.2% during the pandemic (p<0.001). The prevalence of abdominal obesity and high fasting blood glucose levels also significantly increased from 2019 to 2021.CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic syndrome, its components, and fat distribution worsened significantly after the implementation of social distancing and lockdowns, despite no clinically significant changes in body weight and BMI. Further studies on the post- pandemic period should investigate the long-term impact of social lockdowns on BMI and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
Overall and cause-specific mortality in patients with dementia: a population-based cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Kuo Chia-Lun , Lee Pei-Chen , Ku Li-Jung Elizabeth , Sun Yu , Lu Tsung-Hsueh , Isfandiari Muhammad Atoillah , Li Chung-Yi
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES: Information regarding the underlying causes of death (UCODs) and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of dementia is instrumental in formulating medical strategies to prolong life in persons with dementia (PWD). We examined the leading UCODs among PWD and estimated the overall and cause-specific SMRs in relation to dementia in Taiwan.METHODS: Data were retrieved from 2 national datasets: the Taiwan Death Registry and the medical claim datasets of the National Health Insurance program. The observed person-years for each study participant were counted from the date of cohort enrollment to either the date of death or the final day of 2016. Sex-specific and age-specific SMRs were then calculated.RESULTS: The leading UCOD was circulatory disease, accounting for 26.0% of total deaths (n=3,505), followed by respiratory disease at 21.3% (n=2,875). PWD were at significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (SMR, 2.01), with SMR decreasing with advancing age. A cause-specific analysis revealed that the highest SMRs were associated with nervous system diseases (SMR, 7.58) and mental, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental disorders (SMR, 4.80). Age appeared to modify SMR, suggesting that younger age at cohort enrollment was linked to higher SMRs for nearly all causes of mortality.CONCLUSIONS: Circulatory and respiratory diseases were the leading UCODs among PWD. The particularly elevated mortality due to nervous system diseases and mental disorders suggests that allocating more resources to neurological and psychiatric services is warranted. The elevated SMRs of various UCODs among younger PWD underscore the need for clinicians to pay particular attention to the medical care provided to these patients.
Root segments cuttings of Vitex doniana Sweet: effect of origin and alignment
Authors: Fawa Guidawa , Anguessin Benjamine , Binwe Jean Baptiste , Oumarou Zéphirin , Mapongmetsem Pierre Marie
Published: August 2023

Vitex doniana (Verbanaceae) is one of the most popular local species among farmers in the high Guinean savannah of Cameroon.  Unfortunately, it is under anthropogenic pressure and this tures to reduce its population. The objective of this work was to study the  effect of the origin and the alignment of the cuttings of the root segments on budding and rooting. The origin of the cuttings (Dang, Poli)  constituted the main treatment and their alignment in the substrate represented the secondary treatment. The cutting of the root segments was carried out according to an experimental device in split-plot with three replications. The experimental unit consists of 10  cuttings. A total of 180 cuttings of root segments (2×3×3×10) were handled. It emerged from this study that cuttings from root segments  of different origins reacted differently to vegetative propagation by cuttings. Cuttings from Poli budded better (67.77±26.82%) than those  from Dang (36.66±12.24%). The analysis of variance showed a significant difference (0.0001˂0.001) with regard to the origin of the  cuttings. The alignment of the cuttings in the substrate also affected budding. The vertical and oblique alignment had the best budding  rates (63.33%). The buds appeared mainly at the proximal pole of the cuttings (44.44±26.6%). As for rooting, the cuttings from Poli took  better root (57.41±9.32%) than those from Dang (26.35±6.2%). These results contribute to the optimization of the domestication  strategies of this species. The domestication of this species of socio-economic interest could contribute to improving the living conditions  of local populations.
Influence of environmental conditions on mass rearing parameters of tsetse flies at the Bobo-Dioulasso insectary (Burkina Faso): Retrospective study
Authors: Dera Kiswend-Sida Mikhailou , Kaboré Bénéwendé Aristide , Pagabeleguem Soumaïla , Ouedraogo Abdoul Aziz , Toé Ange Irénée , Ira Mamadou , Belem Adrien Marie Gaston , Ouedraogo/Sanou Gisèle Marie Sophie
Published: August 2023

With the goal of eradicating tsetse flies and trypanosomiasis in Africa, several control methods have been developed. One of this is the  biological control through the application of the sterile insect technique (SIT) as a part of an area-wide integrated pest management. This  method required the mass production of sterile males with a high competitiveness. The success of the tsetse mass rearing is  strongly linked to the rearing conditions. The objective of this study was to do a retrospective evaluation of the impact of ambient  conditions on the production performances of Glossina palpalis gambiensis at Insectary of Bobo Dioulasso. Data of productivity,  fecundity, adult emergence and environmental conditions (temperature and relative humidity) of the rearing rooms were recorded from  March to June 2020 and were analysed. The results showed a reduction of the normal pupae produced and the increase of soft pupae  during this period. In addition, the relative humidity has shown a significant positive correlation with the production of soft pupae,  whereas it had a significant negative correlation with the number of pupae produced per female per 10 days. However, the temperature  variation during the period of the data recording didn’t have any impact on the production parameters. Rearing rooms need a better    management to avoid large variations in environmental parameters.
Détermination de l’alcoolémie chez les victimes d’accident de la voie publique admises aux urgences chirurgicales du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sourô Sanou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Da Ollo , Gueye/Tall Fatou , Thiombiano Cherileila , Zongo Emmanuel , Djiri Gérémie , Soulama Massadiami , Dakoure Patrick Wendpouiré Hamed , Bamba Sanata , Ouedraogo Georges Anicet , Lopez/Sall Philomène
Published: August 2023

L’alcool éthylique est une substance psychoactive dont la consommation excessive est associée au risque d’accident routier. L’objectif de  cette étude a été de déterminer la concentration en alcool éthylique sur du plasma humain. Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale sur des  victimes d’accident de la voie publique admises aux urgences chirurgicales. La détermination de la concentration en alcool éthylique et  des activités catalytiques de la gammaglutamyltransférase et des transaminases ont été réalisées à l’aide de méthode enzymatique. Une  concentration en alcool éthylique inférieure à 0,2 g/L a été considérée normale selon la législation en vigueur au Burkina Faso. Au total,  45 victimes d’accident de la voie publique ayant un âge médian de 32 ans (minimum-maximum : 18 – 71 ans) ont constitué la population  d’étude. Une concentration élevée en alcool éthylique a été retrouvée chez 26,67% (12/45) des victimes avec une valeur médiane de 1,01  g/L (minimum-maximum : 0,2 - 3,00 g/L). Ces résultats démontrent bien une forte imprégnation alcoolique des victimes d’accident de la  voie publique. D’où l’intérêt d’un dépistage systématique de l’alcoolémie en urgence chirurgicale. 

 

English title: Determination of blood alcohol concentration in traffic crash victims admitted to the surgical emergency department at the Sanou Sourô University Hospital, Burkina FasoEthanol is a psychoactive substance associated in road traffic crashes. The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of  ethanol in human plasma. This was a cross-sectional study on road traffic crash victims admitted to the surgical emergency department.  Determination of the ethanol concentration and catalytic activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase and transaminases were carried out  using enzymatic methods. An ethanol concentration lower than 0.2 g/L was considered normal according to the laws in Burkina Faso. A  total of 45 traffic crash victims with a median age of 32 years (minimum-maximum: 18 - 71 years) constituted the study population. A high  ethanol concentration was found in 26.67% (12/45) of the victims with a median value of 1.01 g/L (minimum-maximum: 0.2 - 3.00  g/L). These results clearly demonstrate a high alcohol impregnation in road traffic crash victims. Hence the interest of a systematic  screening for blood alcohol content in surgical emergencies.
Biological impact of in-situ exposure of catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) to agricultural pesticide residues in the Tabalak pond
Authors: Youchaou Abdoullatif Tawaye , Alhou Bassirou , Toko Ibrahim Imorou
Published: August 2023

The Tabalak pond is contaminated by residues of agricultural pesticides, used by market gardeners. The present study aims to evaluate  the ecotoxicological impact of this contamination on the ichthyofauna of this pond from growth parameters, biometric indices and  organs histopathology. An in-situ fish cage experiment was used, compared to controls placed elsewhere and fish in the open water of  the pond. Thus, juveniles of Clarias gariepinus were raised in tanks (control) and Tabalak pond for 120 days. The results showed that the  survival and growth of the fish were better at the control site than the Tabalak site. The survival rate (SR) was 93.75% for the control,  compared to 83.13% at the Tabalak site. The mean final weight (Mfw) was 148.71 g compared to 138.47 g, the weight gain (Wg) was  133.52 g compared to 123.45 g and finally the specific growth rate (SGR) was 1.9% compared to 1.85% for the control and Tabalak sites  respectively. Semi-quantitative evaluation of organ tissues showed slight alterations in the organs of the control fish and moderate  alterations in the organs of the caged and open water fish. Some of these histological alterations may be detrimental to certain vital  functions of these fishes.
Geochemical elements as provenance and paleoenvironmental indicators in siliciclastic sediments of Neogene Gwandu formation exposed in Birnin Kebbi Area, Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Phillips O.A. , Adebayo A.J. , Abdulganiyu Y. , Apanpa K.A.
Published: August 2023

No Abstract
Hydrocarbon detection and depositional environment prognosis in the Niger Delta - Integrated insights from log and seismic avo-inversion attributes
Authors: Falebita D. , Akintokewa O.
Published: August 2023

This study demonstrates the effectiveness of integrated seismic analysis and petrophysically constrained AVOinversion for reservoir  evaluation and assessment of hydrocarbon potential and depositional environment in the Niger Delta. It is aimed at improved prediction  of reservoir fluid, lithology, and ultimately the hydrocarbon prospects, with reduced uncertainties. The results delineate the  characteristics of the reservoir sands, highlight major facies heterogeneities, unravel prolific stratigraphic features (such as channels, fan  lobes), depositional fairways and provide insight into the mapped geology. These are expected to consequently reduce the uncertainties  associated with the prospects for economic decision making.
Impact of sleep quality on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ayinla Ganiu A. , Ayinmode Babatunde A. , Kuranga Ibrahim S. , Okesina Kazeem B. , Uthman Yaaqub A. , Ayinla Maryam T.
Published: August 2023

Background: Inadequate sleep is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and has a negative impact on glycaemic management. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between sleep quality and glucose control in individuals with T2DM.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Family Medicine Clinic of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), a tertiary hospital in North-Central Nigeria. Three hundred and seventy-eight participants took part in the research (103 men and 275 women). Questionnaires were used to compile the data, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was included. Diabetic indicators were gathered using a combination of a thorough medical history assessment and a battery of diagnostic testing. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS software version 20.0.

Results: The median age of the respondents was 61.01 (S.D. ± 9.8) years. Seventy-four percent (74%) of people reported having poor sleep quality, 45.5% had poorly controlled diabetes, and 29.9% were obese. Inadequate sleep or poor sleep quality was shown to be statistically linked with poor glycaemic management (p= 0.0001). There were significant associations between glycaemic management and subjective sleep quality (OR 1.495, 95% C.I 1.039-2.152), sleep disturbances (OR 0.279, 95% C.I 0.122-0.636), and daytime dysfunction (OR 3.571, 95% C.I 2.253-5.662).

Conclusion: This research shows that poor glycaemic management is linked to poor sleep quality in people with T2DM.
Germinação e desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de Plinia peruviana: influência da temperatura e tamanho da semente
Authors: Stefanel Charlene Moro , Welter Paola Daiane , Weiss Tamara Trentin , Almeida Hazael Soranzo de , Dickel Raviel Afonso , Trevisan Renato
Published: August 2023

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a influência da temperatura e do tamanho da semente na germinação de Plinia peruviana. As sementes foram classificadas em três tamanhos: pequenas (≤ 0,6 cm de diâmetro), médias (0,6 - 1,0 cm) e grandes (≥ 1,5 cm), sendo semeadas em caixas plásticas contendo como substrato vermiculita e Plantimax® (1:1). As caixas foram distribuídas em duas condições de temperatura: ambiente (22 ºC ± 2) e estufa (30 ºC ± 2). O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Após 45 dias, avaliou-se a germinação (%), índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), tempo médio de germinação (TMG), velocidade média de germinação (VMG), número de folhas por plântula (NF), altura da parte aérea das plântulas (APA) e comprimento da maior raiz (CMR). As maiores médias em todas as variáveis foram obtidas com sementes grandes, exceto para TMG. A temperatura de 30 °C ± 2 ocasionou maior IVG, TMG e VMG. Sementes grandes resultaram em mudas de melhor qualidade e quando colocadas para germinar em estufa originaram plântulas com maior NF, APA e CMR. As temperaturas mais elevadas de germinação promovem o desenvolvimento mais rápido de Plinia peruviana.
Investigation on the mechanism of ring formation in the process of NaCl recovery by pyrolysis of chemical waste salt using rotary kiln
Authors: Wang Wenyuan , Feng Yali , Li Haoran , Liu ShunLiang , Ju Jinrong , Yang Yi , Wang Ben
Published: August 2023

Chemical waste salt is a hazardous waste generated during chemical production, and it is crucial to complete the recycling of the waste salt in a practical way. In the case of waste salt recycling by rotary kiln pyrolysis carbonization, ringing affects the pyrolysis efficiency and process running, thus a study on waste salt ringing was conducted. The results showed that the particle size is the key to the ring formation in rotary kiln, and pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis time and temperature distribution in the rotary kiln also affect the material discharge rate during pyrolysis of waste salt in the rotary kiln. Thermogravimetric analysis and SEM images revealed that the volatilization of organic matter in the material due to pyrolysis caused a decrease in the abrasion resistance of the waste salt particle, which was the factor behind the ringing during pyrolysis in the rotary kiln. This study may provide a reference for the implementation of similar waste salt pyrolysis carbonization processes.
PORTABLE AVIATION NAVIGATION CALIBRATION SYSTEM BASED ON RASPBERRY PI, HACK RF ONE, AND SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Authors: Irfansyah Ade , Rifai Mohamad , Suprapto Yuyun , Maharani Meita , Bagus Harianto Bambang
Published: August 2023

Calibration procedures for the aviation navigation system which involve full size aircraft and its crew may be considered risky and high cost . This paper introduces the state of the art communication system to provide lower cost and flexible solutions based on Raspberry Pi, and SDR device Hack RF One, equipped with proper and aviation-related sensors, which later may be treated as unmanned aerial vehicle payload to replace flying aircraft aviation instruments. Design principles which mainly consist of both flexible communication and operating feasibility are explained in early of this paper. As a preliminary method, simple FSK modulation coupled with data integrity mechanisms are implemented to realize reliable but fast sensor data transmission. Data communication rate under a single board computer environment may achieve 40 kbps. Proposed system achieved a data transmission success rate as high as 88% in reasonable condition. In addition, the discussion of further system development is presented.