bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Posthuman Data Subject? The Right to Be Forgotten and Beyond
Authors: Käll Jannice
Published: March 2019

The general assumption in the West is that there still is an inherent difference between persons and things. This divide informs how “the human” and human subjectivity are constructed as distinct from all others. Recently, the distinction has been challenged in posthumanist theory, where it has been argued that the divide between human and nonhuman agents—or rather, bodies—is always an effect of a differential set of powers. For this reason, the boundaries between human and nonhuman are always in flux. As posthumanist theorists have argued, this change in boundaries may be specifically visualized in relation to digital technology. Today, such technologies obfuscate the boundaries between persons and things, and the extensive utilization of smartphones, social media, and online search engines are just three common examples.
Wide Open and Unguarded Stand our Gates: The CJEU and References for a Preliminary Ruling in Purely Internal Situations
Authors: Krommendijk Jasper
Published: March 2019

The CJEU has no jurisdiction to rule in purely internal situations, save for three exceptions. As easy as this may sound, the CJEU's case law is not entirely consistent and created uncertainty for national courts. This article critically examines how the CJEU has dealt with purely internal situations. It shows that the CJEU should be stricter in defending its gates. Instead of turning the three exceptions into the rule, the CJEU should treat the three exceptions as they were originally envisaged: Exceptions. The recent Grand Chamber inUllens de Schootenis a step in the right direction. A stricter approach makes it necessary that the CJEU looks a bit more over the national judge's shoulder, which changes the cooperative dynamic by putting the CJEU into a more vertical position vis-à-vis national courts. National courts can, however, escape this more conflictual setup by providing more detailed information as to the fulfillment of one of the three exceptions.
How to Measure the Strength of Judicial Decisions: A Methodological Framework
Authors: Pócza Kálmán , Dobos Gábor , Gyulai Attila
Published: March 2019

Although over the last thirty years an increasing number of scientific articles and books with diverse approaches have been published on the practice of constitutional adjudication, several methodological problems still prevail. The main deficiency of the systematic empirical research on constitutional adjudication consist in an unsophisticated dichotomous approach that separates the merely positive and negative decisions of constitutional courts, i.e. decisions that concluded in declaring the constitutionality or unconstitutionality of a given legislative act. This approach has been deeply inconsistent with the worldwide practice of constitutional adjudication, since the latter shows a widespread differentiation of judicial decisions over the last thirty years. In this study, we have elaborated a more sophisticated methodology for systematically mapping the manifold reality of constitutional adjudication, and measuring the strength of judicial decisions. In order to fit the research to reality, we have elaborated a scale to measure the strength of judicial decisions. This scale seems to be an appropriate tool to answer the main descriptive research question of our project: to what extent have decisions of constitutional courts constrained the legislative's room for maneuver? The present methodological paper focuses on the problem how to measure the strength of judicial decisions vis-à-vis the legislation and shows, by means of the first results of a pilot project, how this new methodology might be applied.
Constitutional Identity in the EU–A Shield or a Sword?
Authors: Faraguna Pietro
Published: March 2019

This Article consists of five sections. In the first section, it describes why identity questions matter, particularly in Europe. In the second section, the Article tackles the issue of multiple structural ambiguities affecting the concept of constitutional identity in the European constitutional vocabulary. In the third section, the Article explores trends concerning the use of constitutional identity in the European legal discourse and practice, including the development of alternative interpretations and applications of the notion of constitutional identities in the Member States. The fourth section of the Article combines the analytical accounts outlined in the second section with the trends identified in the third section, contending that different conceptions and applications of constitutional identity have varying effects on the European composite constitutional adjudication system and that the institutional and procedural framework should be calibrated accordingly. The final section of this Article draws some conclusions.
The State of Emergency in India: Böckenförde's Model in a Sub-National Context
Authors: Shankar Shylashri
Published: March 2019

The Constitution of India envisages three types of emergencies: A national emergency; a state emergency (in the federal setup, regions are called states in India, and the central government has the power to impose an emergency if there is a breakdown of law and order in that state); and a financial emergency. The problem the State faces is how it can respond effectively to exceptional situations without casting its adherence to the rule of law into question.“ Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde offers a set of solutions within a model structure anchored in constitutional laws. The model structure, which applies at the federal level, advocates a separation between the authorizing agency—the political wing—and the implementation agency, as well as creating a distinction between a ”law“ and a ”measure,“ and between a most extreme and a merely difficult situation. By focusing on the actions of the higher judiciary in India, this Article tests whether the safeguards in Böckenförde's model structure function at the sub-national state level in a very different geography and context. The results highlight the concern that the dynamics of democracy and the reality of how political power is garnered in a federal Westminster style framework effectively stymie the procedural innovations introduced by Böckenförde's model by creating conditions, not for fair play, but for subverting the spirit of the law. Even the procedures outlined by Böckenförde—such as an emphasis on making the agent who holds the emergency powers a political, and not merely an administrative organization—accentuates, rather than mitigates, this problem.
Emergency Laws in Comparative Constitutional Law – The Case of Sweden and Finland
Authors: Cornell Anna Jonsson , Salminen Janne
Published: March 2019

Within Scandinavia, Sweden stands out for not having gone to war in over 200 years. Its neighboring states—Finland, Denmark, and Norway—have not been as fortunate. Their respective constitutions each provide insight into their different experiences. The Swedish Constitution remains silent on emergency situations that do not rise to the predefined level of “war.” The Finnish constitution differs from the Swedish in that it allows for time-limited restrictions to protect fundamental rights and freedoms during a state of emergency, aggression, or any other situation that poses a severe threat to the nation, if stipulated by law and in congruence with international obligations of Finland. Importantly, when and how a government can declare a state of emergency is a question of ordinary law, rather than a constitutional one. This Article offers a comparative constitutional law analysis of the relative constitutional silence in Sweden and Finland as concerns emergency powers. The analysis takes as its starting point Böckenförde'sThe Repressed State of Emergency: The Exercise of State Authority in Extraordinary Circumstances.
Constitutionalizing Emergency Power in a Time of Jihadist Terrorism: France 2016 as a Case of Misunderstanding and Failure
Authors: Pasquino Pasquale
Published: March 2019

In this article, I present some aspects of the debate on the state of emergency that ensued in France after the terrorist attack at the Bataclan on November 13, 2015. The proposal by President Hollande to constitutionalize emergency provisions triggered the debate. I will also discuss why that attempt failed. In agreement with what Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde wrote in his article “The Repressed State of Emergency: The Exercise of State Authority in Extraordinary Circumstances,” I intend to show that constitutionalizing emergency measures—rather than presenting a threat to theRechtsstaat—may be the best way to protect it. In the absence of a constitutionalized definition of competence and limits of such an exceptional power, the government can act without limits as to the exceptional measures that it may want to take.
Modulation of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves by Pc5 ULF Waves and Energetic Ring Current Ions
Authors: Kakad Amar , Kakad Bharati , Omura Yoshiharu , Sinha Ashwini K. , Upadhyay Aditi , Rawat Rahul
Published: March 2019

We present a ground observation of modulations of strong electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves by short and long periodicities at Indian Antarctic station, Maitri. The signatures of these waves were evident in the magnetic field variations recorded by an induction coil magnetometer during the interval 4.7–7.2 UT on 17 September 2011, a moderately disturbed day. These waves were preceded by a gradual increase in the solar wind dynamic pressure, which started at 3.88 UT. The discrete rising tone EMIC waves were observed in the Pc1 frequency band (∼0.5–0.9 Hz). The investigation of the periodicities of the observed wave spectrogram shows the presence of short (≈2.4 min) and long (≈39–69 min) periodicities. Our analysis shows that the short periodicities are associated with the Pc5 Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) waves generated by magnetic field line oscillations, while long periodicities might be associated with the ring current drifting ions. A new method, based on the cross‐correlation technique, is adopted to determine sweep rates of the discrete rising tones. The average sweep rates estimated in the range of 0.44–1.9 mHz/s are relatively low as compared to the past reports of sweep rates derived from the satellite observations of EMIC waves. We found that the higher sweep rates are associated with the stronger EMIC waves on the ground, which is in agreement with the theoretical studies. This suggests that the theoretically proposed dependence of sweep rate on strength of EMIC wave in the generation region is retained even during the propagation of these waves to the ground.
The Effects of Geomagnetic Storms and Solar Wind Conditions on the Ultrarelativistic Electron Flux Enhancements
Authors: Zhao H. , Baker D. N. , Li X. , Jaynes A. N. , Kanekal S. G.
Published: March 2019

Using data from the Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope on the Van Allen Probes, the effects of geomagnetic storms and solar wind conditions on the ultrarelativistic electron (E > ~3 MeV) flux enhancements in the outer radiation belt, especially regarding their energy dependence, are investigated. It is showed that, statistically, more intense geomagnetic storms are indeed more likely to cause flux enhancements of ~1.8‐ to 7.7‐MeV electrons, though large variations exist. As the electron energy gets higher, the probability of flux enhancement gets lower. To shed light on which conditions of the storms are preferred to cause ultrarelativistic electron flux enhancement, detailed superposed epoch analyses of solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices during moderate and intense storms with/without flux enhancements of different energy electrons are conducted. The results suggest that the storms with higher solar wind speed, sustained southward interplanetary magnetic field Bz, lower solar wind number density, higher solar wind Ey, and elevated and sustained substorm activity are more likely to cause ultrarelativistic electron flux enhancements in the outer belt. Comparing results of different energy electrons, the solar wind speed and AE index are the two parameters mostly correlated with the energy‐dependent acceleration of ultrarelativistic electrons: Storms with higher solar wind speed and elevated and sustained substorm activity are more likely to cause flux enhancement of ultrarelativistic electrons with higher energies. This suggests the important roles of inward radial diffusion as well as the source and seed populations provided by substorms on the energy‐dependent acceleration of ultrarelativistic electrons.
Correction: Novel evidence that extracellular nucleotides and purinergic signaling induce innate immunity-mediated mobilization of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Adamiak Mateusz , Bujko Kamila , Cymer Monika , Plonka Monika , Glaser Talita , Kucia Magda , Ratajczak Janina , Ulrich Henning , Abdel-Latif Ahmed , Ratajczak Mariusz Z.
Published: March 2019

Following the publication of this article, the authors noted that the following should be included in the Acknowledgements section: “MA is the recipient of a START scholarship (0785) from FNP”. The authors wish to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
Targeting EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Vyse Simon , Huang Paul H.
Published: March 2019

Inframe insertions of three or more base pairs in exon 20 of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene were among the first EGFR mutations to be identified as oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, unlike the classical EGFR L858R point mutation or exon 19 deletions, which represent the majority of EGFR mutations in NSCLC, low frequency EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations are associated with de novo resistance to targeted EGFR inhibitors and correlate with a poor patient prognosis. Here, we review the developments over the last 5 years in which pre-clinical studies, including elucidation of the crystal structure of an EGFR exon 20 insertion mutant kinase, have revealed a unique mechanism of kinase activation and steric conformation that define the lack of response of these EGFR mutations to clinically approved EGFR inhibitors. The recent development of several novel small molecule compounds that selectively inhibit EGFR exon 20 insertions holds promise for future therapeutic options that will be effective for patients with this molecular subtype of NSCLC.
LAMB3 mediates apoptotic, proliferative, invasive, and metastatic behaviors in pancreatic cancer by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Hong , Pan Yao-zhen , Cheung May , Cao Mary , Yu Chao , Chen Ling , Zhan Lei , He Zhi-wei , Sun Cheng-yi
Published: March 2019

The poor prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is partially attributed to the invasive and metastatic behavior of this disease. Laminin subunit beta-3 (LAMB3) encodes one of the three subunits of LM-332, an extracellular matrix protein secreted by cultured human keratinocytes. In addition, LAMB3 is involved in the invasive and metastatic abilities of some types of cancer, including colon, pancreas, lung, cervix, stomach, and prostate cancer, but the role and mechanism of LAMB3 in PDAC have not been previously determined. Herein, we tentatively investigated the role of LAMB3 in the malignant biological behavior of PDAC. In this study, we demonstrated that LAMB3 is upregulated in PDAC. Inhibition of LAMB3 abrogated the tumorigenic outcomes of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation, including those involving cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro, and tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo. Our results showed that LAMB3 could mediate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PDAC cells and alter the proliferative, invasive, and metastatic behaviors of PDAC by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. LAMB3 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of PDAC in the future.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Intracellular citrate accumulation by oxidized ATM-mediated metabolism reprogramming via PFKP and CS enhances hypoxic breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis
Authors: Peng Meixi , Yang Dan , Hou Yixuan , Liu Shuiqing , Zhao Maojia , Qin Yilu , Chen Rui , Teng Yong , Liu Manran
Published: March 2019

Citrate, a substance being related to de novo fatty acid synthesis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, has a pivotal role in cell survival. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate intracellular citrate in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), especially under hypoxic condition, remain poorly understood. Here we find that hypoxia (1% O2) induces DNA damage-independent ATM activation (oxidized ATM) and suppression of oxidized ATM reduces intracellular citrate via decreasing the levels of phosphofructokinase (PFKP) and citrate synthase (CS), two key glucose metabolism-associated enzymes. Mechanistically, PFKP is regulated by HIF1A at the translational level, whereas CS is of posttranscriptional regulation by UBR5-mediated ubiquitination. Interestingly, accumulation of citrate in cytoplasm or exogenous citrate significantly enhances cell migration, invasion, and metastasis of hypoxic TNBC cells in vitro and in mice xenografts. The underlying mechanism mainly involves citrate-stimulated activation of the AKT/ERK/MMP2/9 signaling axis. Our findings unravel a novel function of oxidized ATM in promoting migration, invasion, and metastasis of TNBC.
Analysis of antihypertensive treatment using real-world Japanese data—the retrospective study of antihypertensives for lowering blood pressure (REAL) study
Authors: Ohishi Mitsuru , Yoshida Takuo , Oh Akinori , Hiroi Shinzo , Takeshima Tomomi , Otsuka Yujiro , Iwasaki Kosuke , Shimasaki Yukio
Published: March 2019

Hypertension requires strict treatment because it causes diseases that can lead to death. Although various classes of antihypertensive drugs are available, the actual status of antihypertensive drug selection and the transition in prescription patterns over time have not been fully examined. Therefore, we conducted a claims-based study using two claims databases (2008–16) to determine this status in Japan. We examined the prescription rate for each class of antihypertensive drugs in hypertensive patients and compared the patients’ ages and the sizes of the medical institutions treating these patients. Among the 1 560 865 and 302 433 hypertensive patients in each database, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (>60%) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) (>55%) were the most frequently prescribed classes. The prescription rate of CCBs increased and ARBs decreased with the patients’ ages. Although the Japanese guidelines for management of hypertension in 2014 changed the recommendation and indicated that β-blockers should not be used as first-line drugs, their prescription status did not change during this study period up to 2016. Use of CCBs and ARBs as first-line drugs differed by the types of patient comorbidities. Although ARBs or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were recommended for patients with some comorbidities, CCBs were used relatively frequently. In conclusion, the patients’ ages and comorbidities and the sizes of the medical institutions affect the selection of antihypertensive drugs. Selection and use of drugs may not always follow the guidelines.
CHD7 promotes glioblastoma cell motility and invasiveness through transcriptional modulation of an invasion signature
Authors: Machado Raquel A. C. , Schneider Hannah , DeOcesano-Pereira Carlos , Lichtenstein Flavio , Andrade Fernando , Fujita André , Trombetta-Lima Marina , Weller Michael , Bowman-Colin Christian , Sogayar Mari Cleide
Published: March 2019

Chromatin remodeler proteins exert an important function in promoting dynamic modifications in the chromatin architecture, performing a central role in regulating gene transcription. Deregulation of these molecular machines may lead to striking perturbations in normal cell function. The CHD7 gene is a member of the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding family and, when mutated, has been shown to be the cause of the CHARGE syndrome, a severe developmental human disorder. Moreover, CHD7 has been described to be essential for neural stem cells and it is also highly expressed or mutated in a number of human cancers. However, its potential role in glioblastoma has not yet been tested. Here, we show that CHD7 is up-regulated in human glioma tissues and we demonstrate that CHD7 knockout (KO) in LN-229 glioblastoma cells suppresses anchorage-independent growth and spheroid invasion in vitro. Additionally, CHD7 KO impairs tumor growth and increases overall survival in an orthotopic mouse xenograft model. Conversely, ectopic overexpression of CHD7 in LN-428 and A172 glioblastoma cell lines increases cell motility and invasiveness in vitro and promotes LN-428 tumor growth in vivo. Finally, RNA-seq analysis revealed that CHD7 modulates a specific transcriptional signature of invasion-related target genes. Further studies should explore clinical-translational implications for glioblastoma treatment.
Connectivity mapping of angiotensin-PPAR interactions involved in the amelioration of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by Telmisartan
Authors: Park Jung Gyu , Mok Jong Soo , Han Young In , Park Tae Sub , Kang Keon Wook , Choi Cheol Soo , Park Hee Dong , Park Joonghoon
Published: March 2019

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem that is associated with various metabolic disorders. Telmisartan is a potential treatment for NAFLD due to its ability to improve insulin sensitivity and decrease hepatic fat accumulation via modulation of PPARγ, and to suppress hepatic fibrosis by blocking angiotensin II receptors. However, the underlying mechanisms of action of telmisartan have yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, diabetic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice (STAM mice) received daily administrations of telmisartan for 6 weeks to assess the improvements in NASH. Hepatic transcriptome analyses revealed that the amelioration of NASH likely occurred through the regulation of inflammatory- and fibrosis-related gene responses. An integrated network analysis including transcriptional and non-transcriptional genes regulated by telmisartan showed that the NAFLD pathway is interconnected with the dysregulated RAS-PPAR-NFκB pathways. The downstream targets of PPARα, PPARδ, and RELA in this network significantly overlapped with telmisartan-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were verified in palmitate-treated Hepa1c1c7 cell line. This transcriptome approach accompanied with cell-based molecular analyses provided the opportunity to understand the fundamental molecular mechanisms underpinning the therapeutic effects of telmisartan, and will contribute to the establishment of a novel pharmacological treatment for NASH patients.
Molecular cloning, GTP recognition mechanism and tissue-specific expression profiling of myxovirus resistance (Mx) protein in Labeo rohita (Hamilton) after Poly I:C induction
Authors: Das Basanta Kumar , Roy Pragyan , Rout Ajaya Kumar , Sahoo Deepak Ranjan , Panda Soumya Prasad , Pattanaik Sushmita , Dehury Budheswar , Behera Bijay Kumar , Mishra Sudhansu Sekhar
Published: March 2019

The myxovirus resistance (Mx) proteins belong to interferon-induced dynamin GTPase and play pivotal role in the inhibition of replication of numerous viruses. These antiviral proteins are released in usual or diseased condition to prevent the viral attack and to carry regular cellular activities like endocytosis and trafficking of nucleoproteins into the nucleus. The invasion of virus up-regulates the expression of Mx transcripts and double-stranded RNA mimic like polyinosinic polycytidyilic acid (Poly I:C). To understand the tissue-specific expression profiling and mechanism of GTP recognition of Mx protein from Labeo rohita (rohu), the full-length gene was cloned, sequenced and characterized through various Bioinformatics tools for the first time. The Mx cDNA was comprised of 2297 bp, and the open reading frame of 1938 bp encodes polypeptide of 631 amino acids. The coding sequence of Mx protein possess the signature motif of dynamin superfamily, LPRG(S/K)GIVTR, the tripartite guanosine-5/triphosphate (GTP)-binding motif (GXXXSGKS/T, DXXG and T/NKXD) and the leucine zipper motifs at the C-terminal end, well conserved in all interferon-induced Mx protein in vertebrates. Western blotting confirmed the molecular weight of Mx protein to be 72 kDa. After the intraperitoneal challenge of L. rohita with a Poly I:C, up-regulation of Mx protein was observed in brain, spleen, liver, kidney, intestine, heart, muscle, and gill. Ontogeny study displayed pronounced expression of Mx protein in all stages of the developmental of Rohu after Poly I:C induction. However a persistent expression of Mx transcript was also observed in Rohu egg as well as milt without induction with Poly I:C. Higher expression of Mx gene was observed on 96 h where it was 6.4 folds higher than the control. The computational modelling of Mx protein portrayed the tripartite N-terminal G-domain that binds to GTP, the bundle-signaling element (BSE) which interconnects the G-domain to the elongated stalk domain and C-terminal helical stalk domain. In agreement with the experimental studies, a series of conserved residues viz., Gln52, Ser53, Ser54, Leu68, Pro69, Gly71, Gly73, Thr76, Asp151, Gly154, Thr220, Lys221, Val251, Cys253, Arg254, and Gly255 were computed to be indispensable for tight anchoring of GTP within binding cavity of G-domain. The binding free energy calculation study depicted that the van der Waals and electrostatic terms contributs significantly to molecular recognition of GTP. Collectively, our study provides mechanistic insights into the tissue-specific expression profiling and GTP binding mechanism of Mx protein from Labeo rohita, which is expected to drive further research on several cellular events including viral resistance and endocytosis in the near future.
Contrasting responses of photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency to ocean acidification under different light environments in a calcifying alga
Authors: Briggs Amy A. , Carpenter Robert C.
Published: March 2019

Ocean acidification (OA) is predicted to enhance photosynthesis in many marine taxa. However, photophysiology has multiple components that OA may affect differently, especially under different light environments, with potentially contrasting consequences for photosynthetic performance. Furthermore, because photosynthesis affects energetic budgets and internal acid-base dynamics, changes in it due to OA or light could mediate the sensitivity of other biological processes to OA (e.g. respiration and calcification). To better understand these effects, we conducted experiments onPorolithon onkodes, a common crustose coralline alga in Pacific coral reefs, crossing pCO2and light treatments. Results indicate OA inhibited some aspects of photophysiology (maximum photochemical efficiency), facilitated others (α, the responsiveness of photosynthesis to sub-saturating light), and had no effect on others (maximum gross photosynthesis), with the first two effects depending on treatment light level. Light also exacerbated the increase in dark-adapted respiration under OA, but did not alter the decline in calcification. Light-adapted respiration did not respond to OA, potentially due to indirect effects of photosynthesis. Combined, results indicate OA will interact with light to alter energetic budgets and potentially resource allocation among photosynthetic processes inP. onkodes, likely shifting its light tolerance, and constraining it to a narrower range of light environments.
Doping-Free Arsenene Heterostructure Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors Enabled by Thickness Modulated Semiconductor to Metal Transition in Arsenene
Authors: Seo Dongwook , Chang Jiwon
Published: March 2019

Two-dimensional (2-D) materials such as MoS2 and phosphorene provide an ideal platform to realize extremely thin body metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) which is highly immune to short channel effects in the ultra-scaled regime. Even with the excellent electrostatic integrity inherent in 2-D system, however, 2-D materials suffer from the lack of efficient doping method which is crucial in MOSFETs technology. Recently, an unusual phase transition from semiconductor to metal driven by the thickness modulation has been predicted in mono-elemental 2-D material arsenene. Utilizing this extraordinary property, we propose doping-free arsenene heterostructure MOSFETs based on the lateral multilayer (metallic source)/monolayer (semiconducting channel)/multilayer (metallic drain) arsenene heterostructure. Metallic multilayer arsenene in the source and drain can serve as electrodes without doping. We investigate the potential performance of arsenene heterostructure MOSFETs through atomistic simulations using density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green’s function. The intrinsic upper limit of the on-state current in arsenene heterostructure MOSFETs is estimated by studying the effect of layer number in the source and drain. We comprehensively analyze the competitiveness of arsenene heterostructure MOSFETs through benchmarking with monolayer arsenene homostructure MOSFETs equipped with the highly degenerate doped source and drain, suggesting superior performance of heterostructure MOSFETs over homostructure MOSFETs.
Paper based electronic tongue – a low-cost solution for the distinction of sugar type and apple juice brand
Authors: Daikuzono Cristiane M. , Delaney Colm , Morrin Aoife , Diamond Dermot , Florea Larisa , Oliveira Osvaldo N.
Published: March 2019

This work reports on a low cost microfluidic electronic tongue (e-tongue) made with carbon interdigitated electrodes, printed on paper, and coated with boronic acid-containing hydrogels.
Fast screening of illicit drugs in beverages and biological fluids by direct coupling of thin film microextraction to dielectric barrier discharge ionization-mass spectrometry
Authors: Mirabelli Mario F. , Gionfriddo Emanuela , Pawliszyn Janusz , Zenobi Renato
Published: March 2019

A direct and fast method for quantification of illicit drugs in beverages and biological fluids was developed, using dielectric barrier discharge ionization in combination with high-resolution MS.
Reductive N-methylation of quinolines with paraformaldehyde and H2 for sustainable synthesis of N-methyl tetrahydroquinolines
Authors: Wang Hongli , Huang Yongji , Jiang Qi , Dai Xingchao , Shi Feng
Published: March 2019

One-pot reductive N-methylation of quinolines with paraformaldehyde and H2 over Pd/C catalyst was developed for the synthesis of N-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines.
Tautomer selection through solvate formation: the case of 5-hydroxynicotinic acid
Authors: Joseph Abhinav , Rodrigues Alves Joana S. , Bernardes Carlos E. S. , Piedade M. Fátima M. , Minas da Piedade Manuel E.
Published: March 2019

Different 5-hydroxynicotinic acid tautomers were selectively captured through solvate formation. The selectivity is lost once the memory of solvation is erased by removing the solvent from the crystal lattice.
Continuous synthesis of Zn2Al–CO3layered double hydroxides: a comparison of bench, pilot and industrial scale syntheses
Authors: Clark I. , Gomes R. L. , Crawshaw C. , Neve L. , Lodge R. , Fay M. , Winkler C. , Hull M. , Lester E.
Published: March 2019

Zn2Al–CO3was produced continuously at bench (g h−1), pilot (100s g h−1) and industrial scale (10s kg h−1).
Correlation between saturated fatty acid chain-length and intermolecular forces determined with terahertz spectroscopy
Authors: Fan Shuting , Ruggiero Michael T. , Song Zihui , Qian Zhengfang , Wallace Vincent P.
Published: March 2019

Chain-length dependent intermolecular interactions of saturated fatty acids are directly probed with THz-TDS and confirmed by ab initio calculations.
First total synthesis of ent-asperparaline C and assignment of the absolute configuration of asperparaline C
Authors: Dokli Irena , Pohl Radek , Klepetářová Blanka , Jahn Ullrich
Published: March 2019

The first asymmetric total synthesis of a member of the asperparaline family was accomplished and the unknown absolute configuration of asperparaline C has been determined to be all-(S).
Electrophoretic fabrication of an active and selective wrinkle surface on hydrogels
Authors: Kato Masatoshi , Asoh Taka-Aki , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: March 2019

We developed a novel method for the fabrication of a wrinkle structure on the hydrogel surface in aqueous conditions by the electrophoretic formation of a polyion complex.
Palladium-catalyzed formal insertion of carbenoids into N,O-aminals: direct access to α-alkoxy-β-amino acid esters
Authors: Wang Wenhui , Huang Hanmin
Published: March 2019

A new and efficient reaction has been developed to synthesize α-alkoxy-β-amino acid esters via palladium-catalyzed formal insertion of carbenoids into N,O-aminals.
Amide-functionalized ionic indium–organic frameworks for efficient separation of organic dyes based on diverse adsorption interactions
Authors: Liu Huiyan , Gao Guimei , Liu Jie , Bao Fenlin , Wei Yuhui , Wang Haiying
Published: March 2019

Two amide groups functionalized anionic indium–organic frameworks demonstrated efficient separation of organic dyes based on diverse adsorption interactions, and can be potentially applicable in column-chromatographic separation of dyes.
Oxygen surface exchange properties and surface segregation behavior of nanostructured La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ thin film cathodes
Authors: Develos-Bagarinao K. , De Vero J. , Kishimoto H. , Ishiyama T. , Yamaji K. , Horita T. , Yokokawa H.
Published: March 2019

Nanostructured LSCF thin films with more enhanced oxygen exchange properties also show a higher tendency to surface segregation.
Electronic structure basis for enhanced overall water splitting photocatalysis with aluminum doped SrTiO3 in natural sunlight
Authors: Zhao Zeqiong , Goncalves Renato V. , Barman Sajib K. , Willard Emma J. , Byle Edaan , Perry Russell , Wu Zongkai , Huda Muhammad N. , Moulé Adam J. , Osterloh Frank E.
Published: March 2019

Aliovalently Al3+ doped strontium titanate enables overall water splitting in type 1 baggie particle suspension reactors in direct sunlight.
Membrane adsorber containing a new Sm(iii)–organic framework for dye removal
Authors: Lee Li-Wei , Pao Szu-Ying , Pathak Abhishek , Kang Dun-Yen , Lu Kuang-Lieh
Published: March 2019

An expanding textile industry has exacerbated the problem of dealing with effluent that contains dye molecules.
Binary polymer brush patterns from facile initiator stickiness for cell culturing
Authors: Chen Lina , Li Peng , Lu Xi , Wang Shutao , Zheng Zijian
Published: March 2019

A new initiator stickiness method is reported to fabricate binary polymer brush micropatterns, which are ideal platforms for studying cell behavior.
Oxidative cleavage of β-O-4 bonds in lignin model compounds with a single-atom Co catalyst
Authors: Liu Sijie , Bai Lichen , van Muyden Antoine P. , Huang Zhangjun , Cui Xinjiang , Fei Zhaofu , Li Xuehui , Hu Xile , Dyson Paul J.
Published: March 2019

Single-atom catalysts are emerging as primary catalysts for many reactions due to their 100% utilization of active metal centers leading to high catalytic efficiencies.
In situ XRF analysis of Cs adsorption by the precipitation bands of Prussian blue analogues formed in agarose gels
Authors: Hayashi Hisashi , Sato Yui , Aoki Saya , Takaishi Mao
Published: March 2019

The measurement of Cs adsorption by the precipitation bands of Mn-based Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), Co-based PBAs, and Prussian blue (PB), which were spontaneously formed in agarose gel, was carried out using in situ X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy.
Multifunctional WS2&M-AgNPs superhydrophobic conductive sponges for application in various sensors
Authors: Jing Xueshan , Guo Zhiguang
Published: March 2019

Superhydrophobic conductive sponge is prepared by an easy method based on WS2 nanosheets and modified Ag nanoparticles in this work, which is promising to apply in various sensors derived from superior liquid repellence, thermo stability, conductive property, mechanical and chemical durability.
Synthesis and performance study of methylene-bridged bis(nitramino-1,2,4-oxadiazole) and its energetic salts
Authors: Cao Yupeng , Lin Xiangyang , Yang Jun , Gong Xuedong , Fan Guijuan , Huang Haifeng
Published: March 2019

A series of new energetic compounds based on methylene-bridged bis(nitramino-1,2,4-oxadiazole) was synthesized through a simple, safe and efficient route and fully characterized.
FIR system identification under either–or communication with quantised inputs and quantised output observations
Authors: Guo Jin , Diao Jing‐Dong
Published: March 2019

This study investigates the quantised‐input FIR (finite impulse response) system identification under quantised and event‐triggered output observations. For the binary‐valued quantisation, they introduce a so‐called either–or communication scheme to save communication resources. Based on the received data and the triggered indicator, an identification algorithm is proposed to estimate the unknown parameter by use of the empirical measure and weighted least squares. The convergence performance is established and the communication rate is derived. For the multi‐threshold quantisation, it can be seen as a vector‐valued observation in which each component represents a binary‐valued output, and the corresponding identification problem is discussed. A numerical example is included to illustrate the main results obtained.
Multi‐phase VSI DC‐link capacitor considerations
Authors: Nie Zipan , Schofield Nigel
Published: March 2019

The modelling, control, switching schemes, novel applications, etc. of multi‐phase voltage source inverters (VSIs) have been studied in recent years. While some DC‐link capacitor considerations have been reported and ripple current assessments presented, the impact of these analyses on system design has not previously been quantified. These knowledge boundaries are expanded via this research. Meanwhile, a hypothesis is proposed that under the equitable operating conditions, the increase in the phase number decreases the DC‐link capacitor requirements compared with the representative conventional three‐phase VSIs. The analytical study shows the results corresponding to the hypothesis. Moreover, another hypothesis is made that other factors, e.g. switching strategies, carrier waveforms, and interleaving techniques also determine the DC‐link capacitor requirements, and some strategies can further decrease the DC‐link capacitor requirements. The presented analytical study supports this hypothesis. The study is partially validated via experiments on a brushless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system designed for the equitable comparison of three‐ and nine‐phase VSIs driving PMSMs. Finally, the DC‐link capacitor design procedure is proposed for two level multi‐phase VSIs.
Automatic schemes for including generator Q and transformer tap limits in the fast decoupled load flow method
Authors: Chakrabarty Shantanu , Sundaresh Lakshmi , Nagendra Rao P. S.
Published: March 2019

This study proposes a modified formulation for the popular fast decoupled load flow method to facilitate automatic incorporation of reactive power flow related constraints, i.e. generator reactive power and in‐phase transformer tap limits. This formulation has been developed by viewing each device constraint as a set of complementary conditions and adopting the complementarity framework to define one equation to represent this set. The original set of load flow equations is augmented with this set of new equations representing the device constraints and solved to get the adjusted solutions directly. This approach is a significant departure from all the earlier approaches. The earlier approaches generally adopt a two‐stage scheme. In the first stage, an approximate unadjusted solution is obtained and in the next stage, adjustments are attempted by ad hoc schemes. The new formulation presented here permits handling both the reactive power related constraints simultaneously. However, it can also be used in situations where only one type of adjustment is needed. Two alternate algorithms in complementarity framework based on mixed complementarity problem and non‐linear complementarity problem formulations are presented here. Simulation results are presented to provide evidence of the impressive performance of the new algorithms as compared with the existing ones.
Multiple gingival metastasis of renal cell carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Boulanger Lise , Gérard Eric , Curien Rémi
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Oral metastases are rare and represent only 1% of malignant diseases of the oral cavity, but they are often associated with poor prognosis. The primary tumor is recognizable in most cases; however, in 27.6% of cases, metastasis is the first clinical manifestation. Observation: An 82-year-old consulted for the recent appearance of a 1-cm-wide gingival tumor on 46. Since this patient had metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma, oral metastasis was confirmed by histopathology. In the following weeks, other oral metastases appeared. Palliative radiotherapy was the chosen treatment option, but the patient died before he could benefit from it. Discussion: Multiple oral metastases are rare, and metastasis of renal origin is not the most frequently encountered. The metastatic dissemination pathway described is hematogenous or lymphatic. Diagnosis is often easy if the primary tumor is already identified, but is a challenge if it is not, because the lesion often has a nonspecific appearance. Different surgical, radiotherapeutic, and medical therapeutic options exist, but are often palliative. A new immunotherapy route is under development and looks promising in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Conclusions: Oral metastasis often has poor prognosis, and management of the lesion is problematic. However, current research suggests a therapeutic and prognostic improvement.
Epidemiologic analysis of dental cellulitis in Kinshasa city (the Democratic Republic of the Congo)
Authors: Bobe Alifi Leta Paul , Sekele Isouradi Bourley Jean-Paul , Nyimi Bushabu Fidele , Vinckier Frans , Lunguya Metila Octavie , Situakibanza Nani-Tuma Hippolyte
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The study aimed to determine the prevalence, describe the sociodemographic profile of individuals with dental cellulitis, and identify its associated factors in a population of Kinshasa. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted in October 2017 in five hospital departments in Kinshasa. The sample population consisted of patients with dental cellulitis. Sociodemographic data and factors associated with dental cellulitis were evaluated. Results: Dental cellulitis was found in 12.5% of the subjects, with a slight female predominance (58.2%). A significant difference between patients with cellulitis and those without cellulitis was observed for the following variables: education level, unemployment, and low socioeconomic status (p < 0.05). Dental carious lesions (93.7%) were the most common causative factor, and self-medication (100%) and poor oral hygiene (83.5%) were risk or contributing factors. Univariate analysis showed that for people of ages 16–59 and ≥60 years, education level, unemployment, sugar consumption, and low socioeconomic status were significantly associated with dental cellulitis. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that people of ages ≥60 years [odds ratio (OR) 3.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.169–4.14, p = 0.014], non-university status (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.68–4.64, p < 0.001), unemployment (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.73–4.20, p = 0.005), sugar consumption (OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.71–4.94, p = 0.036), and low socioeconomic status (OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.85–3.01, p = 0.014) were independently associated with dental cellulitis in the study population. Conclusion: Dental cellulitis is a public health problem in the city of Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Management of anterior submandibular sialolithiasis
Authors: Duong Lucas T. , Kakiche Thomas , Ferré François , Nawrocki Laurent , Bouattour Ayman
Published: March 2019

Introduction:Sialolithiasis is defined by the presence of a calculus within the salivary gland or its excretory system. It primarily affects the submandibular gland at a frequency of 80%. Involving many factors, the exact aetiology and pathogenesis of salivary calculi remain to be discussed.Body:The purpose of this article is to expose the different aspects of the pathology. Aetiological factors, the diagnostic approach which requires the use of imaging tests as well as the medical and surgical management of anterior submandibular sialolithiasis, will be described. A decision tree regarding the type of management and a table summarizing the main differential diagnoses will be proposed.Conclusion:Submandibular sialolithiases are a common salivary gland disorder. The treatment of sialolithiasis must be early and remains mainly surgical. The level of cooperation as well as the patient's medical and surgical history should guide the management of this type of disorder of the salivary system.
Kommentar der Schriftleitung
Authors: Stöckli Sandro
Published: March 2019

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser!

Es ist mir eine Freude, Ihnen die aktuelle Ausgabe der LRO mit einer kurzen Übersicht
zur Lektüre schmackhaft zu machen. Wiederum wird in den bewährten Rubriken viel
Lesenswertes angeboten.
Pregnancy-Preserving Laparoscopic Treatment of Acute Hemoperitoneum Following Lutein Cyst Rupture in Early Gestation
Authors: Watrowski Rafał
Published: March 2019

Acute hemoperitoneum (AHP) in early gestation is commonly treated via laparotomy. A ruptured corpus luteum (CL) cyst is a rare cause of AHP in pregnancy. This case report describes a 33-year-old, hemodynamically stable G2/P1 who presented at 5+5 gestational weeks with an acute abdomen due to ruptured CL cyst (7 cm). Emergent laparoscopy was performed. After evacuation of 1 L of hemoperitoneum, an atraumatic hemostasis was obtained without diathermy by use of hemostatic matrix (Floseal®). The ovary was reformed with an absorbable suture under preservation of CL. The postoperative recovery was uncomplicated. The hemoglobin drop was 2.8 g/dl. Further pregnancy course was uneventful. A healthy baby (2860 g) was delivered vaginally at 38+3 weeks of gestation.

Conclusion Laparoscopic approach to AHP in early pregnancy is suitable. CL preservation is feasible by use of atraumatic hemostatics.
A Standing Percutaneous Technique for Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis in Twelve Horses (2014–2017)
Authors: Farnsworth Kelly , Souza Camila , Jones Andrew , Heaton Kyle
Published: March 2019

Objectives This report describes the use of a minimally invasive standing pastern arthrodesis technique for the treatment of osteoarthritis in horses and documents its clinical outcome in 12 horses.

Materials and Methods Medical records and radiographs of horses diagnosed with proximal interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis that underwent standing pastern arthrodesis using transarticular screws were reviewed. Follow-up information for determination of outcome was obtained via phone interview with the owners.

Results Twelve horses (15 limbs) were included in the study. Radiographical findings revealed severe osteoarthritis in 12/15 limbs and moderate osteoarthritis in 3/15 limbs. Follow-up information was available for 11/12 cases (13/15 limbs). Phone surveys with the owners revealed that 8/11 horses were performing at their previous activity level or higher. Two horses remained lame. One horse developed a surgical site infection and was euthanatized. The average time for horses to return to their previous level of activity was 6.5 months (range: 1–18 months).

Clinical Significance Stabilization of the proximal interphalangeal joint in horses with moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis can be performed using this minimally invasive standing technique. This procedure can be performed safely and provides a similar outcome when compared with other described techniques.