bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Children’s Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and an Emotional–Behavioral Disability: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ravi Kristen E. , Black Beverly M.
Published: December 2020

Children’s exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) is an adverse childhood experience that often results in academic, behavior, and mental health difficulties. This study reviewed the empirical studies examining the relationship between children’s exposure to IPV and an emotional–behavioral disability (EBD). Studies were included in the review if they examined the relationship between exposure to IPV and EBD among children under 18. This research identified three empirical studies that analyzed the relationship between exposure to IPV and EBD. The review demonstrated that few studies had been conducted that explored the relationship between children’s exposure to IPV and EBD and that most of the extant studies are dated. Findings from this review showed that children exposed to IPV were more likely to have EBD compared to other disabilities such as a learning disability, hearing disability, speech and language disability, and an intellectual disability. Higher frequency of violence exposure was associated with EBD. Practice implications include assessing children’s functioning at school and discussing with families or caregivers the option of requesting an evaluation for EBD for children with severe emotional or behavioral difficulties. Special education evaluators assessing children for EBD should consider screening for children’s exposure to IPV and providing resources for IPV. Future research should conceptualize the full range of IPV experiences and collect exposure data from children directly using a validated measure.
Testing the Buffering Effect of Social Relationships in a Prospective Study of Disability Onset
Authors: Lucas Richard E. , J. Chopik William
Published: December 2020

Social support has been proposed to be a protective factor that buffers the losses that result from the experience of negative life events. The present study uses data from a large-scale Australian panel study (the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey) to examine how life satisfaction changes following the onset of a disabling condition and then to test whether preevent or postevent social support moderates reactions to this event. Results show that the onset of a disabling condition is associated with a large decline in life satisfaction, but these changes are not moderated by preevent social support. Postevent social support does moderate change in response to the onset of a disability, but ambiguities in the interpretation of this association must be considered.
Strain Elastography and Tendon Response to an Exercise Program in Patients With Supraspinatus Tendinopathy: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Brage Karen , Juul-Kristensen Birgit , Hjarbaek John , Boyle Eleanor , Kjaer Per , Ingwersen Kim Gordon
Published: December 2020

Background:

Shoulder pain is common, with a lifetime prevalence of up to 67%. Evidence is conflicting in relation to imaging findings and pain in the shoulder. Sonoelastography can be used to estimate tissue stiffness and may be a clinically relevant technique for diagnosing and monitoring tendon healing.

Purpose:

To evaluate changes in supraspinatus tendon stiffness using strain elastography (SEL) and associations with changes in patient-reported outcomes, supraspinatus tendon thickness, and grade of tendinopathy after 12 weeks of unilateral shoulder exercises in patients with supraspinatus tendinopathy.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

A total of 23 patients with unilateral clinical supraspinatus tendinopathy performed 12 weeks of “standard care” exercises. At baseline and follow-up, supraspinatus tendon stiffness was measured bilaterally using SEL and compared with tendinopathy grading on magnetic resonance imaging scans and tendon thickness measured using conventional ultrasound. Patient-reported outcome measures included physical function and symptoms from the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire and pain rating (visual analog scale).

Results:

No significant changes in SEL within or between groups (asymptomatic vs symptomatic tendon) were seen. All patient-reported outcomes showed significant improvement from baseline to follow-up, but with no change in tendinopathy grading and tendon thickness. No significant differences in the proportion of patients changing above the minimal detectable change in SEL and PROM were seen, except for discomfort while sleeping.

Conclusion:

Despite no significant within-group or between-group changes in SEL, significant improvements were found in patient-reported outcomes. An acceptable agreement between patients changing above the minimal detectable change in SEL and patient-reported outcome measure was seen. Further studies should explore the use of SEL to detect changes after tendon repair and long-term training potentially in subgroups of different tendinopathy phases.

Clinical Relevance:

In the short term, structural changes in supraspinatus tendons could not be visualized using SEL, indicating that a longer time span should be expected in order to observe structural changes, which should be considered before return to sports. Subgrouping based on stage of tendinopathy may also be important in order to evaluate changes over time with SEL among patients with supraspinatus tendinopathy.

Registration:

NCT03425357 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Mercy towards decarceration: Examining the legal constraints on early release from prison
Authors: Cox Alexandra , Betts Dwayne
Published: December 2020

There are close to seven million people under correctional supervision in the United States, both in prison and in the community. The US criminal justice system is widely regarded as an inherently unmerciful institution by scholars and policymakers but also by people who have spent time in prison and their family members; it is deeply punitive, racist, expansive and damaging in its reach. In this article, we probe the meanings of mercy for the institution of parole.
BioRel: towards large-scale biomedical relation extraction
Authors: Xing Rui , Luo Jie , Song Tengwei
Published: December 2020

Background

Although biomedical publications and literature are growing rapidly, there still lacks structured knowledge that can be easily processed by computer programs. In order to extract such knowledge from plain text and transform them into structural form, the relation extraction problem becomes an important issue. Datasets play a critical role in the development of relation extraction methods. However, existing relation extraction datasets in biomedical domain are mainly human-annotated, whose scales are usually limited due to their labor-intensive and time-consuming nature.

Results

We construct BioRel, a large-scale dataset for biomedical relation extraction problem, by using Unified Medical Language System as knowledge base and Medline as corpus. We first identify mentions of entities in sentences of Medline and link them to Unified Medical Language System with Metamap. Then, we assign each sentence a relation label by using distant supervision. Finally, we adapt the state-of-the-art deep learning and statistical machine learning methods as baseline models and conduct comprehensive experiments on the BioRel dataset.

Conclusions

Based on the extensive experimental results, we have shown that BioRel is a suitable large-scale datasets for biomedical relation extraction, which provides both reasonable baseline performance and many remaining challenges for both deep learning and statistical methods.
Correction to: Total nephroureterocystectomy and urethrectomy due to urothelial carcinoma associated with the BK polyomavirus infection after kidney transplantation: a case report with literature review
Authors: Maenosono Ryoichi , Okumi Masayoshi , Unagami Kohei , Fukuda Hironori , Yoshida Kazuhiko , Kakuta Yoichi , Takagi Toshio , Iizuka Junpei , Shimizu Tomokazu , Azuma Haruhito , Nagashima Yoji , Tanabe Kazunari , Nitta Kosaku , Ishida Hideki
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
CD47 differentially regulates white and brown fat function
Authors: Norman-Burgdolf Heather , Li Dong , Sullivan Patrick , Wang Shuxia
Published: December 2020

Mechanisms that enhance energy expenditure are attractive therapeutic targets for obesity. Previously we have demonstrated that mice lacking cd47 are leaner, exhibit increased energy expenditure, and are protected against diet-induced obesity. In this study, we further defined the physiological role of cd47 deficiency in regulating mitochondrial function and energy expenditure in both white and brown adipose tissue. We observed that cd47 deficient mice (under normal chow diet) had comparable amount of white fat mass but reduced white adipocyte size as compared to wild-type mice. Subsequent ex vivo and in vitro studies suggest enhanced lipolysis, and not impaired lipogenesis or energy utilization, contributes to this phenotype. In contrast to white adipose tissue, there were no obvious morphological differences in brown adipose tissue between wild-type and knockout mice. However, mitochondria isolated from brown fat of cd47 deficient mice had significantly higher rates of free fatty acid-mediated uncoupling. This suggests that enhanced fuel availability via white adipose tissue lipolysis may perpetuate elevated brown adipose tissue energy expenditure and contributes to the lean phenotype observed in cd47 deficient mice.
Features of the intrapsychic structure of the value orientations system of prisoners sentenced to imprisonment
Authors: Istomin Artem , Istomina Oksana , Bulanova Elena , Mihaylov Aleksey
Published: December 2020

The presented article analyzes the internal interconnections of the value orientation systems of male convicts who are serving sentences of imprisonment. The work was carried out on the basis of an empirical study carried out in correctional institutions of general and strict regimes of detention, correctional institutions of a strict regime of detention for convicts with acute tuberculosis.

Using the methods of mathematical statistics (factorial and correlation analysis), the peculiarities of the intrapsychic structure of the system of value orientations of convicts were revealed. It is shown that along with the general and natural simpli-fication of the content of the value-semantic organization of the personality of convicts in comparison with law-abiding citizens, characteristic features of the latent structure of values are noted, which, in turn, can not only affect the behavior of the individual, but also prevent successful resocialization after release from places of deprivation of liberty. The characteristic features of the intrasystemic in-terconnections of the value orientations of convicts with acute tuberculosis were revealed. The findings may have theoretical and practical significance for the or-ganization of psychocorrectional work with convicts in places of detention.
Unfair “Fair Value” in Illiquid Markets: Information Spillover Effects in Times of Crisis
Authors: Dontoh Alex , Elayan Fayez A. , Ronen Joshua , Ronen Tavy
Published: December 2020

We investigate the effects of write-downs on market prices and volumes under fair value accounting. We also examine the prominent role that illiquidity plays in exacerbating the direct and spillover effects of exit valuation on equity and credit default swap (CDS) markets. Using hand-collected data on write-down announcements made during and after the 2007–2009 financial crisis, we find that firms that wrote down assets in accordance with fair value rules experience significant abnormal negative stock returns and spikes in the CDS premiums written on their obligations; similar firms without write-downs exhibit sympathetic and significant negative abnormal returns and positive premiums. We find that both the direct effect of the write-downs and the indirect spillover effects resulting from crisis-related illiquidity in the markets for financial assets (affecting the magnitude of write-downs) and in the securities markets (affecting the reaction to the write-downs) during the financial crisis go beyond normal direct and information transfer effects and may have contributed to the adverse consequences of the crisis.

This paper was accepted by Shiva Rajgopal, accounting.
ECG of the month
Authors: Bloe Charles
Published: December 2020

In this issue's ECG of the month, Charles Bloe presents a case of a 66-year-old man with acute chest pain shortly after recovering from COVID-19.
Pilot study of a nurse-led adult lacrimal clinic at a tertiary ophthalmic centre
Authors: Dunlop Nicola , Ting Michelle , Rose Geoffrey , Baduna Joanna , Ezra Daniel
Published: December 2020

This article provides the reader with an outline of the anatomy and physiology of the lacrimal system and illustrates how a variety of pathologies within this system can result in the development of a watery eye. It describes the role of the nurse consultant in the diagnosis and management of patients with watery eye in the lacrimal clinic, and how the training programme for the development of such skills was implemented. Following training, within the realms of an established pilot study, the nurse consultant began to implement her skills in a newly established nurse-led lacrimal clinic. Patients seen in the lacrimal clinic would previously have been assessed and managed by a doctor. To confirm the accuracy of this approach, an audit was undertaken comparing the nurse-led diagnosis and management plans with that of an oculoplastic doctor. In addition, patient waiting times in the clinic and patient satisfaction were assessed, as important indicators of quality of care.
Professional identity in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: December 2020

Penny Harrison, Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at De Montfort University, Leicester, discusses changes affecting nursing in 2020 and beyond
Research roundup: December 2020
Authors: James Natasha , Wylie Eleanor , Odd Dawn
Published: December 2020

In this section, a range of brief synopses of recently published articles that may be of interest to health visitors is presented. The aim of this roundup is to give an overview, rather than a detailed summary, of the research papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided
Public health and nudge theory
Authors: Forbes Lisa
Published: December 2020

Lisa Forbes discusses to what extent health visitors are choice architects, using nudges to influence the behaviour of the families they work with
Visualization of elemental distributions and local analysis of element-specific chemical states of an Arachnoidiscus sp. frustule using soft X-ray spectromicroscopy
Authors: Ishihara Tomoko , Ohkochi Takuo , Yamaguchi Akinobu , Kotani Yoshinori , Oura Masaki
Published: December 2020

Using soft X-ray (SX) spectromicroscopy, we show maps of the spatial distribution of constituent elements and local analysis of the density of states (DOS) related to the element-specific chemical states of diatom frustules, which are composed of naturally grown nanostructured hydrogenated amorphous silica. We applied X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) as well as microprobe X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) analysis to characterize the surfaces of diatom frustules by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). We successfully demonstrated that SX spectromicroscopy is able to participate in potential observation tools as a new method to spectroscopically investigate diatom frustules.
Ezrin interacts with the tumor suppressor CHL1 and promotes neuronal differentiation of human neuroblastoma
Authors: Ognibene Marzia , Pezzolo Annalisa
Published: December 2020

In a previous study, we demonstrated that CHL1, the neuronal cell adhesion molecule close homolog of L1, acts as a tumor suppressor in human neuroblastoma (NB), a still highly lethal childhood malignancy, influencing its differentiation and proliferation degree. Here we found that ezrin, one of the ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin) proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization, strongly interacts with CHL1. The low expression ofEZRIN, as well as the low expression ofCHL1and of the neuronal differentiation markerMAP2, correlates with poor outcome in NB patients. Knock-down of ezrin in HTLA-230 cell line induces neurite retraction, enhances cell proliferation and migration, and triggers anchorage-independent growth, with effects very similar to those already obtained by CHL1 silencing. Furthermore, lack of ezrin inhibits the expression of MAP2 and of the oncosuppressor molecule p53, whereas it enhances MAPK activation, all typical features of tumor aggressiveness. As already described, CHL1 overexpression in IMR-32 cell line provokes an opposite trend, but the co-silencing of ezrin reduces these effects, confirming the hypothesis that CHL1 acts in close connection with ezrin. Overall, our data show that ezrin reinforces the differentiating and oncosuppressive functions of CHL1, identifying this ERM protein as a new targetable molecule for NB therapy.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in dogs with gallbladder mucocele
Authors: Jaffey Jared A. , Matheson Jodi , Shumway Kate , Pacholec Christina , Ullal Tarini , Van den Bossche Lindsay , Fieten Hille , Ringold Randy , Lee Keun Jung , DeClue Amy E.
Published: December 2020

Gallbladder mucocele (GBM) is a common biliary disorder in dogs. Gallbladder hypokinesia has been proposed to contribute to its formation and progression. The specific cause of gallbladder stasis in dogs with GBM as well as viable treatment options to resolve dysmotility remains unknown. Vitamin D deficiency is one of the many potential causes of gallbladder hypokinesia in humans and repletion results in complete resolution of stasis. Improving our understanding of the relationship between serum vitamin D and GBM could help identify dogs as a model for humans with gallbladder hypokinesia. Furthermore, this relationship could provide insight into the pathogenesis of GBM and support the need for future studies to investigate vitamin D as a novel treatment target. Therefore, goals of this study were i) to determine if serum 25-hydroxyvitamin(OH)D concentrations were decreased in dogs with GBM, ii) if serum 25(OH)D concentrations were different in clinical versus dogs subclinical for GBM, and iii) to determine if serum 25(OH)D concentrations could predict the ultrasonographic type of GBM. Sixty-two dogs (clinical, n = 26; subclinical, n = 36) with GBM and 20 healthy control dogs were included in this prospective observational study. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured with a competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Overall, dogs with GBM had lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations than control dogs (P = 0.004). Subsequent subgroup analysis indicated that this difference was only significant in the subclinical group compared to the control dogs (P = 0.008), and serum 25(OH)D concentrations did not significantly differ between dogs clinical for GBM versus subclinical or control dogs, indicating that inflammatory state in clinical dogs was not the major constituent of the observed findings. Decreasing serum 25(OH)D concentrations, but not clinical status, was associated with a more advanced developmental stage of GBM type determined by ultrasonography. Our results indicate that vitamin D has a role in dogs with GBM. Additional studies are needed to assess if reduced vitamin D in dogs with GBM is a cause or effect of their biliary disease and to investigate if vitamin D supplementation could be beneficial for dogs with GBM.
Bacterial behavior in human blood reveals complement evaders with some persister-like features
Authors: Pont Stéphane , Fraikin Nathan , Caspar Yvan , Van Melderen Laurence , Attrée Ina , Cretin François
Published: December 2020

Bacterial bloodstream infections (BSI) are a major health concern and can cause up to 40% mortality. Pseudomonas aeruginosa BSI is often of nosocomial origin and is associated with a particularly poor prognosis. The mechanism of bacterial persistence in blood is still largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the behavior of a cohort of clinical and laboratory Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in human blood. In this specific environment, complement was the main defensive mechanism, acting either by direct bacterial lysis or by opsonophagocytosis, which required recognition by immune cells. We found highly variable survival rates for different strains in blood, whatever their origin, serotype, or the nature of their secreted toxins (ExoS, ExoU or ExlA) and despite their detection by immune cells. We identified and characterized a complement-tolerant subpopulation of bacterial cells that we named “evaders”. Evaders shared some features with bacterial persisters, which tolerate antibiotic treatment. Notably, in bi-phasic killing curves, the evaders represented 0.1–0.001% of the initial bacterial load and displayed transient tolerance. However, the evaders are not dormant and require active metabolism to persist in blood. We detected the evaders for five other major human pathogens: Acinetobacter baumannii, Burkholderia multivorans, enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Yersinia enterocolitica. Thus, the evaders could allow the pathogen to persist within the bloodstream, and may be the cause of fatal bacteremia or dissemination, in particular in the absence of effective antibiotic treatments.
A bizalom szerepe a családi vállalatokban = Role of Trust in Family Businesses
Authors: Vajda Éva
Published: December 2020

A tanulmány a bizalom szerepét mutatja be a családi vállalatok versenyelőnyének megszerzése és megtartása szempontjából. A cikk két jól elkülöníthető részből áll. Egyrészt egy rövid beszámolót tartalmaz a Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem Családi Vállalatok Központjának pódiumbeszélgetéséről, amelynek témája a családi vállalatok generációváltása során az utódok karrierdöntésének dilemmája volt. Másrészt egy irodalomáttekintést foglal magában, amelyben taglalom a családi vállalatok fogalmát, jelentőségét; kitérek a bizalom fogalmára és jellemzőire, végül bemutatom a bizalom fenntartását a családi vállalatokban.
Az internetes zaklatás megelőzését segítő iskolai programok sikertényezői = Success factors of Cyberbullying-Prevention Programs at Schools
Authors: Hajnal Áron
Published: December 2020

Az internetes zaklatás egyre elterjedtebb, súlyos következményekkel járó probléma, megelőzése ezért igen fontos közpolitikai feladat. E cikk megvizsgálja, milyen attribútumok teszik sikeressé a kapcsolódó iskolai prevenciós programokat. Az eredmények alapján a szociális, emocionális tanulást is tartalmazó programok jobban csökkentik a zaklatók számát. További fontos eredmény, hogy a hagyományos zaklatásmegelőző programok is lehetnek eredményesek az internetes zaklatás visszaszorításában. Ugyanakkor nem sikerült igazolni, hogy a szülőket és tanárokat is célzó programok sikeresebbek lennének, mint a csak a gyerekeket megcélzó programok. A cikk röviden elemzi a magyarországi helyzetet is, és javaslatokat fogalmaz meg jövőbeni programok kidolgozásához.
Improving the Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid on the In Vitro Maturation of Oocytes
Authors: Ghorbani Vahed Masume , Khanbabaee Ramazan , Shariati Mehrdad , Edalatmanesh Mohammad Amin
Published: December 2020

This research was conducted in order to determine the effects of omega-3 on oocyte in vitro maturation and the level of expression of tribbles (TRIB1, TRIB2 and TRIB3 genes) in cumulus cells. Eight-ten weeks old NMRI mice were super-ovulated using 7.5 IU pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG, Intraperitoneal) and they were killed after 44 hours and their ovaries were removed. The oocytes were used for in vitro maturation and the cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were released. Cumulus cells and oocytes were assigned into control, ethanol-treated and groups exposed to 10 and 100 μg/ml of omega-3. The cells were prepared to assess the maturation stage in order to evaluate the gene expression level. The data were statistically analyzed. Exposing oocytes to low dose (10 μg/ml) and high dose (100 μg/ml) of omega-3 resulted in a reduced rate of GV-stage oocytes, decreased MI-oocytes and increased MII-oocytes. The enhanced maturity of COCs was also detected in response to a high dose of omega-3 (100 μg/ml). Exposure of cumulus cells to omega-3 (10 and 100 μg/ml) induced TRIB2 and inhibited TRIB3 gene expression level; however, TRIB1 gene expression level increased and decreased in response to low (10 μg/ml) and high (100 μg/ml) concentrations of omega-3, respectively. The addition of omega-3 to the environment of oocytes or cumulus cells affected the maturation of oocytes and cumulus cells, which was followed by the differential expression of TRIB genes, suggesting that there was a role of fatty acid metabolism in the differentiation and maturation of cumulus cells.
Aportes críticos a los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje: experiencias estudiantiles en un proyecto de extensión sobre pesca responsable en Costa Rica
Authors: Calvo González Isabel , Juárez Matute Oscar , Monge Vásquez Sandra
Published: December 2020

Este artículo expone la sistematización de las percepciones de los estudiantes de la carrera de Planificación Económica y Social vinculados al proyecto de extensión "Gestión comunitaria para el fortalecimiento productivo de las Áreas Marinas de Pesca Responsable del Golfo de Nicoya" de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. Su objetivo fue conocer la forma en la cual la curricularización de la extensión universitaria brinda aportes en la transformación de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje desde la reconstrucción crítica de las experiencias del estudiantado. Metodológicamente, se trabajó a partir del descubrimiento y la interpretación subjetiva/intersubjetiva de la realidad, lo que conllevó un abordaje dialéctico–materialista. Se utilizaron como instrumentos la entrevista conversacional y talleres participativos. A partir de la aplicación de los instrumentos se construyeron cuatro categorías analíticas, las cuales permitieron demostrar que los y las estudiantes, por medio del acompañamiento social participativo a grupos locales, tienen deconstrucciones sobre aprendizajes tradicionales y que desde su experiencia construyen nuevas formas al establecer espacios de diálogo y relaciones horizontales con las personas de las comunidades, fortaleciendo su formación profesional.
Legitimación pasiva del consumidor frente a la responsabilidad civil por actividades riesgosas o peligrosas
Authors: Gianfelici Mario Cesar , Gianfelici Florencia Romina
Published: December 2020

El Art. 1757 del CCyCN no define a las «actividades riesgosas o peligrosas». Solo establece pautas para calificarlas como tal. Su noción es abierta, correspondiendo a la doctrina y jurisprudencia su delimitación, a fin de evitar desbordes conceptuales. La expresión «riesgosas o peligrosas» corresponde a un mismo concepto. Para que se configure el supuesto no es requisito la intervención de una cosa. Las actividades comprendidas no refieren a un «hecho aislado», sino a un conjunto de acciones, operaciones o trabajos desarrollados por una empresa u organización. Abarca tanto a las actividades intrínsecamenteriesgosas como las que se tornan tales por los medios o circunstancias en que se realizan. Para calificar una actividad como riesgosa o peligrosa, el operador jurídico debe guiarse por el criterio estadístico, la existencia de controles especiales, las reglas de la experiencia o la caracterización legal expresa; tal la contratación de consumo mediante técnicas de comunicación electrónica o similares. Legitimados pasivos son las personas humanas o jurídicas que, por sí o por terceros, a título oneroso o gratuito, la realizan, se sirven u obtienen un provecho de ellas, en la medida que tengan cierta facultad de control o dirección en la(1) organización de las tareas, con exclusión de los profesionales liberales. No están comprendidos el mero ejecutor material ni el consumidor. Las eximentes son las propias del factor de atribución objetivo.

Trabajo realizado con fondos de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral a través de la programación CAID+D (Resol. C.S. N° 170/95), perteneciente al Proyecto: Situación jurídica del consumidor frente a terceros.
La figura del referente afectivo: el factor tiempo y la noción de socioafectividad
Authors: Galletti Judith
Published: December 2020

La norma del Art. 607 in fine al regular la figura del referente afectivo solo permite otorgar un marco legal a la relación personal entre el niño y su referente a través de dos instituciones: la guarda y la tutela; dejando fuera a la adopción. Del mismo modo, la rigurosa prohibición de la guarda de hecho del Art. 611 del Código Civil y Comercial veda la posibilidad de la adopción, impidiendo considerar aquellas situaciones en las que se generó un vínculo afectivo entre el niño/ay su cuidador/a, lo cual contraría el principio del interés superior del niño que debe imponerse en todas las decisiones que se adopten.
El derecho de opción. Cuestiones a debatir a cinco años de vigencia del CCyCN
Authors: Guilisasti Jorgelina
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se trata el derecho de opción, que incluye la aceptación y la renuncia a la herencia, con motivo de los cinco años de vigencia del Código Civil y Comercial, a través de un análisis crítico de algunas cuestiones contenidas en la nueva regulación.
El Código Civil y Comercial y el Contrato de Seguro
Authors: Piedecasas Miguel Alberto
Published: December 2020

Este artículo aborda la relación entre el Código Civil y Comercial y el Contrato de Seguro, que ha planteado diferentes puntos de vista en la doctrina y la jurisprudencia.
Perceptions of students and researchers of food technology towards plagiarism
Authors: Kampa Raj Kishor , Padhan Dhirendra Kumar , Ahmad Faeem
Published: December 2020

The pandemic of plagiarism, which is wide-spread all over the world, is incredibly common among the generation of students of secondary, higher secondary and university education.The present study investigates the level of awareness of plagiarism among food technology students in India and to understand their perceptions towards academic dishonesty and reasons behind indulgence in plagiarism. A structured questionnaire was administered to the students and researchers of the National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM) in India. The findings of the study reveals that 18 per cent, 57.8 per cent and 11.8 per cent of the students are extremely aware, moderately aware and somewhat aware that what constitutes plagiarism and what does not. Most of the respondents believe copying from a publication/book without crediting the source/author is plagiarism (Mean=4.318, SD=1.0041) and plagiarism as stealing (Mean=4.024, SD=.9126). It is also found that busy schedule (Mean=3.67), easy accessibility of electronic resources (Mean=3.69), unwareness of plagiarism instructions (Mean=3.6), poor knowledge of research writing (Mean=3.95) and lack of penalty (Mean=3.4) are the perceived reasons of indulging in plagiarism by the students and research scholars, hence, conducting orientation programmes and workshops on academic integrity, scholarly writings and referencing styles could be helpful in discouraging plagiarism in academic writing among students.
The role virtual exchange could play in helping prepare students for
real-life study abroad
Authors: Ryan Andrew
Published: December 2020

More and more Japanese students are studying abroad and the Japanese
government has set a target of 180,000 students to study abroad each year by
2020 and is providing financial assistance to students to help achieve this
goal. However, is financial assistance enough? Surveys conducted with
students from a national education-focused university in northern Japan,
before and after their study abroad experience, show that they feel
underprepared before they leave to go overseas and regret not fulfilling the
opportunities they had while abroad. The key areas identified where they
needed assistance were with their English language ability, confidence
building, and intercultural awareness. This paper suggests that doing a
Virtual Exchange (VE) before they travel could help students in all of these
areas. It could provide much needed language support, motivation to explore
other cultures and share their own, and deliver the confidence to enable
them to become more outgoing and make the most of the opportunities
presented by studying overseas. Additionally, there is a case to be argued,
that VE could help reduce the impact of culture shock. Overall, it is very
likely that the use of VE prior to departure could improve students’ study
abroad experience. The author also understands that more research is needed
on this and proposes a further study comparing students who have studied
abroad without conducting VE in advance to those who have, to try and assess
its impact on the study abroad experience.
Project Ibunka – a web-based virtual exchange project
Authors: Watanabe Masahito
Published: December 2020

Since 2000, I have been coordinating a web based virtual exchange
project, Project Ibunka. Ibunka means different cultures in Japanese. It
aims to provide opportunities of authentic interaction among EFL/ESL
learners all over the world. The project has been giving English language
learners from various countries opportunities to use English for authentic
purposes and promote intercultural understanding. Since 2000, more than
6,000 students from 22 countries have joined the project. The long life, the
regularly appearing cooperative partner teachers, the diversity of students’
cultures, and the high quality of the messages exchanged, are the assets of
Project Ibunka. This paper, as a case study of virtual exchange, overviews
the background and the project constitution as a whole. It also analyzes the
project management and students’ written products. The three administrative
features, (1) non-unified project goals for partner institutions, (2)
selecting and sequencing themes and sub-themes, and (3) moderation by
experienced instructors, have contributed to students’ quantitative fluency
as well as their qualitative improvement.
Любовная лирика как предмет коммуникативного анализа
Authors: Sonntag Inna
Published: December 2020

The article considers the specifics of love lyrics from the point of view of rhetorical positions: the features of appropriate speech analysis of love poetry, as well as the genre repertoire (external and internal) of love poems are characterized.
Цитирование в речи учителя как профессионально значимый аспект коммуникативной педагогической практики
Authors: Gordeeva Lyubov
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the specifics of using quotes in the teacher's speech. Special attention is paid to the substantiation of the reproductive basis of the teacher's communicative practice and the professional nature of quoting (verbatim reproduction) of other people's statements in educational and speech situations. The paper also provides an overview of the genre varieties of quotations that are in demand in the teacher's speech activity.
Изображение литературных героев в избранных произведениях В. М. Шукшина
Authors: Figedyová Marianna
Published: December 2020

The article is dedicated to the leading representative of Russian village prose, Vasily Shukshin. It focuses on the role of figural compositional pairs in the author ́s selected short prose, follows their gradual development and changes in the portrayed characters, deals with the motivation of the main characters and the social space for their realization. The fulfillment of the characteristics of village prose in a specific literary realization is studied as well.
Representing translation procedures in translated Indonesian cultural terms into English of online news media
Authors: Rodiyah Siti
Published: December 2020

Translating cultural terms needs proper procedures since each of culture has linguistics elements to be expressed between one language to other ones. Problems then may appeared in understanding cultures. It should do not be a big deal, because understanding cultures of one language to other ones can be easily resolved by translation and its proper procedures. Qualitative approach with content analysis used in this study to observe (1) The Indonesian Cultural Terms which those are translated into English on the Jakarta Post’s (JP) Online News and (2) The translation procedures used in replacing the Indonesian Cultural Terms into English. Based on the data analysis, 21 cultural terms found in this study as the data. First, the translated Indonesian cultural terms into English on the JP’s Online News are categorized into material, ecology, habit and festival. Second, the translation procedures used in replacing Indonesian cultural terms found in this study are couplets, single procedures that have been used such as literal translation, transference or loan word plus explanation, and translation by a more general word. There are many studies applied to observe translation and cultures on artworks of literature or cultural terms in any object from English into Indonesian language. While this study also concerns on both issues, culture and translation but it represents Indonesian Cultural Terms translated into English and the translation procedures used in replacing the Indonesian cultural terms in order to at least acknoledging Indonesian cultures through news widely.
Syllabus design in Business English based on the needs of Economics students
Authors: Nove Ria Tiara , Malik Djamaludin
Published: December 2020

Business English is one branch of English for Specific Purposes. In determining the abilities to be achieved in learning objectives, material selection, and learning methods in this course, the syllabus design must be tailored to the needs of students and it is better to combine with the real work situation. Therefore, a need analysis is essential to use for designing the syllabus However, the recent syllabus did not match students need so that the aim of this study was to conduct need analysis to develop the Business English syllabus design for Economics students. It was based on two situations, learning needs and target situation needs. The subjects were students, lecturer, graduates and employers. The instruments to collect the data in this study were questionnaire and interviews. This study used quantitative and qualitative method. The results showed that students mostly need speaking skills to be emphasized to learn, while mastering vocabularies was the weakness that the students need to improve. Moreover, they tended to have drilling as the learning method. While the most materials of English Business used in workplace was reading instruction related work and documents. Based on the findings of this study, it can be used for designing the new syllabus.
Irish Lithuanian L1: Vocabulary Size and Signs of Its Attrition
Authors: Vaisėtaitė Eglė
Published: December 2020

Sociolinguistic research shows that Lithuanians in the diaspora notice changes in their mother tongue, especially vocabulary. Therefore, there is a need to study L1 vocabulary attrition in the Lithuanian diaspora. Since one of the main directions of current emigration is Ireland, this article seeks to answer the question of whether the signs of vocabulary attrition can be observed in the language of the first generation of Lithuanian emigrants living in Ireland, and to provide some insight into what factors might influence this trend. This paper describes and analyzes the results of the vocabulary size test of 100 Lithuanians living in Ireland and the answers to the questions of a sociolinguistic survey. The survey involved adults who left Lithuania at the age of 12 or older and consider Lithuanian as their mother tongue. The data of the target group are compared with the data of Lithuanians living in Lithuania (LL) (100 respondents). The results of both groups are compared by applying the T test, and the influence of sociolinguistic factors on vocabulary is estimated by applying regression analysis.The results have revealed that the Irish Lithuanian (IL) vocabulary is smaller than that of Lithuanians living in Lithuania (in average 60,300 and 62,100 words, respectively), and this difference is statistically significant (p = 0.048). The empirical analysis has revealed that education does not affect the size of the IL vocabulary but is significant for the LL vocabulary. The difference in vocabulary size between the IL and LL groups is mainly due to the results of those with higher university education, while the results of those with lower education are very similar in the two groups. However, the IL vocabulary positively correlates with the age of the respondents at the time of the survey (p = 0.01) and the age at the time of emigration (p = 0.006). Thus, it can be assumed that the IL vocabulary continued growing while the respondents were still living in Lithuania, but after emigration their L1 vocabulary stopped increasing. Lack of communication in Lithuanian with people in Lithuania has a negative impact on the respondents’ L1 vocabulary. Considering these results, it can be argued that there are signs of vocabulary attrition in Irish Lithuanian L1.
Panhelėninio tapatumo konstravimas klasikiniame graikų istoriniame diskurse
Authors:   , Jaskelevičius Alius
Published: December 2020

Construction of Panhellenic Identity in the Greek Historical Discourse of the Classical Period
IMPLIKASI HUBUNGAN KYAI DAN TAREKAT PADA PENDIDIKAN PESANTREN
Authors: A'dam Syahrul
Published: December 2020

Implikasi Hubungan Kyai dan Tarekat pada Pendidikan Pesantren. Pesantren merupakan lembaga pendidikan Islam tertua di Indonesia. Ia disinyalir sebagai lembaga khas Indonesia dan tidak ditemui di tempat lainnya. Di antara kekuatan pesantren adalah terletak pada kharisma kyai yang menunjukkan sosok yang sangat dikagumi dan senantiasa menjadi tauladan bagi muridmuridnya. Kekuatan kyai di antaranya terletak pada keterlibatannya dalam dunia tarekat-tarekat yang berkembang di Indoensia. Tetapi belakangan ada pergeseran banyak kyai yang tidak lagi berafiliasi pada tarekat, sehingga dia tidak mempunyai kelebihan tertentu (karamah) sebagaimana yang dimiliki para kyai terdahulu. Untuk itu, seiring dengan tidak adanya karomah tersebut, maka pengajaran yang dilakukan pesantren semestinya mengadopsi metode-metode modern.
URGENSI INOVASI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: MENYATUKAN DIKOTOMI PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Naif Naif
Published: December 2020

Pendidikan adalah salah satu faktor terpenting dalam usaha pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh sebuah negara. Pendidikan merupakan upaya pengembangan potensi manusiawi dari para peserta didik, baik berupa fisik, cipta maupun karsa agar potensi tersebut menjadi nyata dan dapat berfungsi bagi perjalan kehidupan. Sejarah mencatat bahwa Negara yang memiliki perhatian yang tinggi pada dunia pendidikan, maka negara tersebut akan mengalami kemajuan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan negara lain yang menomorduakan masalah pendidikan. Namun, perhatian yang besar dari negara saja tidaklah cukup, karena praktisi dan akademisi harus berupaya keras untuk melakukan inovasi tiada henti dalam mengelola dan mengembangkan pendidikan, inovasi pendidikan tersebut haruslah didasarkan pada tujuan pendidikan guna meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan, yang pada akhirnya akan mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa dan membentuk insan yang kompetitif dan bermartabat
METODE PENGAJARAN MENURUT ABU HANIFAH DALAM AL-ALIM WA AL-MUTA’ALLIM
Authors: Choirin Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Metode Pengajaran Menurut Abu Hanifah dalam al-Alim wa al-mutaallim. Metode pengajaran adalah salah satu elemen penting dalam proses pendidikan. Hal ini karena, ia sangat berkaitan dengan proses merealisasikan pendidikan yang berkualitas. Sebagai tokoh dakwah, Abu Hanifah dikenal sebagai seorang pakar fiqih, hadith dan ilmu kalam, namun sedikit dari cendekiawan yang menguak kepakaran beliau dalam bidang pendidikan. Justru itu, makalah ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan aspek pendidikan, khususnya mengenai metode pengajaran Abu Hanifah yang didasarkan pada kitab al-’Alim wa al-Muta‘allim. Karya tersebut adalah hasil dari sebuah catatan dialog Abu Hanifah dengan salah seorang muridnya. Makalah ini mengetengahkan uraian mengenai metode pengajaran menurut Abu Hanifah yang diaplikasikan dalam karya tersebut.
IMPLEMENTASI MAQÂSHID AL-SYARÎ’AH DALAM PUTUSAN BAHTS AL-MASÂ’IL TENTANG PERKAWINAN BEDA AGAMA
Authors: Mutakin Ali
Published: December 2020

Perkawinan dibentuk untuk menciptakan keluarga yang bernuansa harmonis, bahagia dan sejahtera (sakînah mawaddah wa rahmah). Keluarga harmonis, bahagia dan sejahtera merupakan perkawinan yang mencerminkan terwujudnya al-ushûl al-khamsah atau maqâshid al-syarî‘ah. Sedangkan perkawinan beda agama (antar Muslim dengan non-Muslim yang mencakup Musyrik dan Ahl al-Kitâb), merupakan salah satu faktor munculnya berbagai konfik yang akan mengancam keharmonisan, kebahagiaan dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga. Di samping itu, perkawinan beda agama juga disinyalir akan mengancam praktek keagamaan (murtad) bagi salah satu kedua mempelai. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, Bahts al-Masâ’il memutuskan keharaman praktek perkawinan beda agama apapun bentuknya.
ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN IBNU KHALDUN TENTANG MEKANISME PASAR DAN PENETAPAN HARGA DALAM PEREKONOMIAN ISLAM
Authors: Pertaminawati Hendra
Published: December 2020

Analisis pemikiran Ibnu Khaldun tentang Mekanisme Pasar dan Penetapan Harga dalam Perekonomian Islam. Mekanisme pasar atau penetapan harga adalah suatu tren pasar bebas untuk membuat harga pasar seimbang sesuai dengan persediaan dan pemintaan. Dalam hal ini, dikarenakan tidak ada permintaan lebih atau persediaan lebih, maka tidak ada pula tekanan untuk merubah harga. Persediaan dan permintaan tidak seterusnya seimbang dan beberapa pasar terkadang tidak mencapai keseimbangan dengan cepat ketika terjadi perubahan situasi, tetapi kecenderunagannya masih ada, sehingga biasanya membuat pasar seimbang lagi. Salah satu pakar Muslim dalam bidang masalah ekonomi masyarakat adalah Waliuddin Abdurrahman Abu Zaid Ibn Khaldun.
SISTEM KEWARISAN ISLAM DAN PEMERATAAN DISTRIBUSI KEKAYAAN
Authors: Hadi A. Chairul
Published: December 2020

Sistem Kewarisan Islam dan Pemerataan Distribusi Kekayaan. Distribusi pendapatan menjadi masalah rumit yang diperdebatkan kalangan ekonom. Sistem ekonomi kapitalisme memandangan bahwa seorang individu bebas dapat mengumpulkan dan mendapatkan penghasilan dengan menggunakan kemampuannya sendiri tanpa dibatasi.Sementara itu, sistem ekonomi sosialisme menganggap bahwa kebebasan mengancam kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, hak individu memiliki kekayaan harus dihapuskan dan diambil alih oleh pemerintah sehingga keadilan dapat diwujudkan dalam masyarakat. Sedangkan Islam memberikan prinsip dasar distribusi kekayaan dan pendapatan sehingga kekayaan tidak beredar di antara orang kaya. Dalam rangka mewujudkan cara keadilan, Islam menekankan tentang pentingnya kekayaan beredar di masyarakat melalui aturan kewarisan. Secara teoritis prinsip-prinsip kewarisan Islam mendorong keadilan ditribusi kekayaan.
GLOBALISASI DAN TANTANGAN DAKWAH
Authors: Hamid Abdul
Published: December 2020

Globalisasi dan Tantangan Dakwah. Kajian komprehensif tentang makna globalisasi, sejarah globalisasi, bentuk-bentuk globalisasi, serta sampai di mana besarnya pengaruh globalisasi terhadap dunia Islam. Munculnya era globalisasi ini merupakan tantangan dalam dunia dakwah, mau atau tidak semua manusia akan mengalaminya. untuk mengarungi postmodernism ini, dibutuhkan langkah-langkah yang konkrit dan sistematik untuk dijadikan sebagai acuan hidup yang diharapkan mampu mengembalikan manusia kepada maksud dan tujuan ia diciptakan, dengan memanfaatkan kemajuan dunia globalisasi. Tentunya pasti akan ada rintangan-rintangan serta hambatan yang harus dihadapi, karena tidak semua kemajuan yang ada di era globalisasi ini diterima oleh ajaran Islam. Oleh sebab itu, selain memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi itu sendiri dakwah juga diharapkan sebagai penyeimbang terhadap akibat dari perkembangan teknologi itu sendiri.