bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Hepatic Enzymes Between Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnant Women
Authors: Afroz Farhana , Sultana Nasima , Rahman Ashiqur , Zerin Nusrat , Mohammad Samsuzzaman Sheikh , Chowdhury Partha Pratim , Andalib Muhammad Hasan , Morshed Mamun , Rahman Mohammad Mostafizur , Kamal Mohammad Mostafa
Published: March 2021

Background: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder, unique to pregnancy that is usually associated with high blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 week of gestation. Abnormal liver function tests occur in 20% to 30% of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and are associated with a higher risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcome.

Objective: To observe the alteration of hepatic enzymes in preeclampsia.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, and Dhaka from July 2015 to June 2016. A total number of one hundred pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy with or without preeclampsia, attending in the outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in DMCH, were selected as study subjects. Of them fifty pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy were with preeclampsia and fifty were normal healthy pregnant women. Estimation of hepatic enzymes like aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and gamma glutamyl transferase were done in both preeclampsia and normal pregnant patients and mean values of the variables were compared between them.

Results: The mean serum aspartate transaminase level was significantly higher in preeclampsia compared to normal pregnant woman (32.4 ± 15.4 IU/L vs 24.8 ±11.8 IU/L respectively and p 0.007). Serum alanine transaminase level was also significantly higher in preeclampsia than normal pregnancy (38.1±19.9 IU/L vs 18.8±6.95 IU/L, respectively and p < 0.001). Serum gamma glutamyl transferase was also significantly higher in preeclampsia than normal pregnancy (44.7±19.1 IU/L vs 26.6± 6.0 IU/L p < .001).

Conclusions: Hepatic enzymes (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, gamma glutamyl transferase) were increased. So routine assessment of these parameters may helpful to prevent worse outcome of preeclampsia patients.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 29, No.1, April, 2020, Page 18-22
Efficacy of amiodarone in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with coronary artery disease in Bangladesh
Authors: Adhikary Dipal Krishna , Saha Sujoy Kumar , Mahmood Manzoor , Joarder Md Ariful Islam , Singha Chayan Kumar , Rahman Mohammad Walidur , Ahsan Md Hashimul , Khaled Md Fakhrul Islam , Banerjee Sajal Krishna , Mahbuba Faria , Ahmed Akhlak
Published: March 2021

Background: Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) are among the most feared complications of coronary artery disease (CAD) and one of the major contributors of death in CAD patients. Antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) therapy is required for recurrent significant VA in the absence of need for further revascularization. But all AADs do not have the same efficacy against life threatening VA and supraventricular arrhythmias (SVAs).

Methodology: All (50) patients admitted in the department of Cardiology, BSMMU with ventricular arrhythmias with CAD fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Informed written consent was taken from each patient before enrollment. Detailed history was taken and relevant physical examinations were done. Loading dose followed by maintenance dose of amiodarone was given and recorded. Relevant lab investigations were performed and recorded in predesigned semi-structured data collection sheet. Symptomatic improvement was assessed, relevant physical examination was done and lab investigations were performed at 1, 3 and 6 month follow up. After editing data analysis was carried out by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.0 windows software.

Results: The mean age was found 57.7±8.0 years with a range of 45 to 78 years. Almost two third (62.0%) patients were male and 19(38.0%) patients were female. Male female ratio was 1.6:1. Almost three fourth (74.0%) patients had chest pain, 15(30.0%) had palpitation and 11(22.0%) had shortness of breath. Two third (66.0%) patients had hypertension, 23(46.0%) had dyslipidemia, 17(34.0%) had smoking and 9(18.0%) had diabetes mellitus. Twenty nine (58.0%) patients had family history of IHD. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) when compared to baseline. Regarding arrhythmia, 45(90.0%) patients was found to have PVC in baseline and 3(6.4%) at 6th month. The reduction of PVC and VT at six month were statistically significant (p<0.05) when compared to baseline. Regarding outcome 2(4.1%) patients died, one patient dropped out due to thyroid dysfunction and 47 were alive.

Conclusion: In conclusion it was found that different forms of ventricular arrhythmias like PVCs, VT were significantly reduced gradually with amiodarone therapy at 6th month follow up.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 29, No.2, October, 2020, Page 158-164
Fé, enxada e dinheiro: a socio gênese do cooperativismo de crédito rural solidário em Minas Gerais – Brasil
Authors: Alves Júnior Almiro , Freitas Alair Ferreira de , Freitas Alan Ferreira de , Silva Marcio Gomes da , Moreira Isabela Renó Jorge
Published: March 2021

Esta pesquisa é parte integrante de uma nova agenda de investigação e discussão sobre o cooperativismo de crédito rural solidário, que busca desvelar a estruturação, organização e o impacto da inserção de um novo sistema cooperativo no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Dentro dessa perspectiva, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é analisar, sob a perspectiva institucionalista, as origens institucionais do cooperativismo de crédito solidário em Minas Gerais a partir de estudo de caso e método de pesquisa qualitativo e descritivo. As inflexões na trajetória das organizações que dão origem ao cooperativismo de crédito solidário mineiro não foram promovidas apenas como estratégia racional para ampliar o desempenho financeiro, e uma dimensão institucional revestiu esse processo, condicionado por elementos simbólicos, políticos e relações de fé. Nesse cenário, esse modelo organizacional emerge das relações vinculadas a fé (igreja), enxada (sindicatos) e dinheiro (acesso a serviços financeiros).
Spatial-temporal Correlation of Dengue Fever and Climatic Variables in the City of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Araújo Marcio Luis Valença , Nascimento Filho Aloísio , Cordeiro Antônio , Sampaio Renelson , Moret Marcelo , Rosário Raphael , Miranda José Garcia Vivas , Macedo Marcio , Jorge Eduardo , Saba Hugo
Published: March 2021

This paper studies the association between dengue cases and climatic variables in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in the period from 2001 to 2011. The main hypothesis is that climatic conditions, such as precipitation, humidity and temperature, are all correlated to the dengue spread in São Paulo. Randomization and Spearman rank correlation are applied over the collected dataset, and the estimated results show that only a higher temperature is correlated to an increase in the notification of new dengue cases in São Paulo, further reinforcing the fact that the Aedes aegypti mosquito is known to survive in distinct climatic conditions, greatly adapting itself to urban environments.
Sosialisasi Masyarakat Tentang Sub Aliran Sungai Di Sekitar Kawasan Hutan Kampung Klaben Distrik Mariat Gunung Kabupaten Sorong
Authors: Irnawati Irnawati , Hidaya Nur
Published: March 2021

Sosialisasi Masyarakat Kampung Klaben dengan melihat langsung kemasyarakat local tentang Sikap Masyarakat terhadap Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan DAS, perlu diketahui tujuan dari sosialisasi ini mengetahui kondisi Sosial ekonomi Masyarakat terhadap sumberdaya alam di Sekitar Di Sub Das. Metode yang di gunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah penyuluhan pada tingkat masyarakat dengan data yang mencakup deskriptif yang menggambarkan suatu kondisi alam masyarakat terhadap Pengelolaan daerah aliran sungai, Sehingga Hasil dari sosialisasi langsung ke masyarakat local yang aktif melakukan perkebunan dan mengambil kayu bakar di pinggiran sungai sebagai kebutuhan hidup, dan mengajak masyarakat untuk ikut terlibat dalam kegiatan penanaman 1000 pohon pada pinggiran sungai. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah Masyarakat sekitar das menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pelaku pemberdayaan masyarakat di sekitar kawasan hutan masih rendah terlihat dengan tingginyaÂ  eksploitatif terhadap hutan dapat mengancam kelestarian hutan itu sendiri. Hal tersebut sejalan dengan maraknya kegiatan penebangan liar (illegal logging) yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat.
Bustier Ditinjau dari Bahan Pelapis (Interfacing) dan Teknik Pengepresan
Authors: Rahayu Agilistiya , Amin Muhammad , Agus Aulia , Wahda Wahda
Published: March 2021

Pengepresan lapisan dalam berperan penting terhadap hasil bustier. Ketersediaan mesin press pada modiste dan Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Tata Busana terbatas. Setrika listrik manual merupakan alat yang biasa digunakan untuk melakukan pengepresan, berbagai bahan digunakan untuk membuat bustier. Karakteristik setiap bahan yang berbeda-beda terutama bila terkena panas. Masalah yang sering timbul setelah pengepresan lapisan dalam akibat panas yang tidak sesuai diantaranya timbul gelembung, warna kain berubah, arah serat berubah, dan sisa lem timbul pada bagian baik kain. Muncul berbagai teknik pengepresan lapisan dalam, yaitu dilapisi kain basah, disemprot air, dilapisi kertas, dan tanpa dilapisi apapun yang memiliki keunggulan dan kelemahan masing-masing. Bermacam-macam teknik pengepresan lapisan dalam diharapkan dapat memperkecil masalah yang timbul pada pengepresan lapisan dalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan hasil bustier menggunakan empat teknik pengepresan lapisan dalam dan mengetahui teknik pengepresan dalam manakah yang menghasilkan hasil terbaik.
Screening of wheat (Ttiticum aestivum L.) cultivars for terminal heat stress tolerance by using biochemical pointer
Authors: Ahmad Waqas , Hussain Nazim , Shah Sabir H.
Published: March 2021

Among abiotic factors, high temperature is severe constraint limiting crop production. Wheat is a major cereal and staple crop of Pakistan. An experiment was conducted (winter season 2018-19) to expose the effect of warmness induced biochemical alteration on morphological points of Pakistani wheat cultivars. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having three replications was used to experiment. Heat stress treatments H0 = No heat imposition, H1 = heat imposition from (Feekes Scale = 10 to 10.5) booting to complete heading were randomized in main plots while varieties in subplots. Galaxy-2013, Gold-2016, Ghazi-2016, Aas-2011, Johar-2016, Pakistan-2013, F-8, Sahar-2006, Jauher-2016 and AARI-2011. Under heat stress, a smaller reduction in chlorophyll fillings and improvement in antioxidant activities were showed by Ghazi-2019, Aas-2011 and Jhor-2016. Among all other cultivars, higher chlorophyll deprivation and depletion in antioxidant activities under heat stress over control was observed. Reasonably lesser grain filling rate, higher duration, number of grains per spike and yield was detected for cultivars Ghazi-2019, Aas-2011, Jhor-2016 and F-8 under heat stress over control. Convincingly, based on biochemical response and morphological indicators genotypes Ghazi-2019, Aas-2011 and Jhor-2016 manifested heat tolerance. Genotype Fareed-2006 and F-8 manifested medium tolerance. Whereas, genotype AARI-2011, Galaxy-2013, Gold- 2016, Jhor-2016, Pakistain-2013, Sher-2006 and Ujala depicted susceptibility to terminal heat stress.
A Legal Review of Sailing Approval Letter: Systems and Procedures
Authors: Abbas Abbas , Nawi Syahruddin , Baharuddin Hamzah , Abas Ilham
Published: March 2021

Every ship that is going to sail is required to have a sailing approval letter issued by the harbormaster as an effort to control the security and safety of shipping. This research is a normative-legal research using a statute, comparative and conceptual approaches.The results show that the harbormaster as a government official at the port carries out and supervises efforts to fulfill shipping safety and security as a government administrative action by issuing a state document in the form of a sailing approval letter through a system of procedures for issuing a sailing approval letter. This letter is given to every ship that will sail or leave the port by ensuring that the ship, crew and cargo have technically-administratively fulfilled all sailworthiness requirements. The compliance of all parties in implementing the procedure for the issuance of the sailing approval will lead to the achievement of safety and security in shipping.
Evaluación ex – post del proyecto construcción represa y sistema de riego cuartos en Bolivia
Authors: Alizares Jaén María Angélica
Published: March 2021

La evaluación permite conocer la realidad del funcionamiento y resultados del proyecto ya ejecutado y puesto en funcionamiento, luego de que el proyecto inicia con la operatividad, se puede visualizar cambios y mejoras en la producción, pero también deficiencias y el incumplimiento de metas propuestas, ya que se debe tener en cuenta que fue el Estado boliviano a través del Gobierno Autónomo Departamental de Potosí quien invirtió un presupuesto para la ejecución del proyecto, por lo tanto los resultados deben ser óptimos. La Evaluación Ex-post del Proyecto “Represa y Sistema de Riego Cuartos”, evalúa aspectos que se tomaron en cuenta para la formulación del Proyecto de Inversión Pública con la que fue aprobado. Se plantea como objetivo realizar la evaluación Ex – Post del Proyecto Represa y Sistema de Riego Cuartos, en base a los resultados de conocer los criterios de evaluación. Para la evaluación Ex – Post del proyecto Represa y Sistema de Riego Cuartos, se aplicó la guía publicada por el Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Aguas el 2014, el cual permitió conocer las mejoras a la calidad de vida de los beneficiarios. El resultado final de la evaluación Ex-post de resultados logra una calificación del 61%, muestra que el proyecto alcanzo un rango de Medio y los resultados son similares a lo esperado. El resultado final de la evaluación Ex-post de efectos logra una calificación del 41%, muestra que el proyecto alcanzo un rango de Medio y los resultados son similares a lo esperado.
Diseño de una losa de hormigón liviano de poliestireno expandido reciclado modificado
Authors: Cabezas Gregorio Marcelo
Published: March 2021

La búsqueda de la reducción de la carga muerta de una losa de hormigón, mediante la utilización del hormigón liviano, permite la reducción del tamaño de columnas, zapatas y otros elementos de cargas en las cimentaciones particularmente. En el presente estudio se diseña un hormigón estructural con agregado liviano reciclado, reemplazando parte del agregado grueso de una mezcla tradicional por Poliestireno reciclado, previo tratamiento térmico para llegar a estándares óptimos de calidad de acuerdo a lo establecido en el código (ACI Committee 318. y American Concrete Institute, 2014) para hormigón estructural liviano. Mediante el estudio se concluyó que el sistema cumple con criterios del código (ACI Committee 318. y American Concrete Institute., 2014) disminuyendo un 26,80% el peso propio de la losa en comparación a la de un hormigón convencional, con resistencia más que satisfactoria para cargas de viviendas familiares.
Influencia de corrosión del acero bajo los elementos de hormigón armado con adiciones anticongelantes
Authors: Rollano Quintana María Eugenia
Published: March 2021

Las patologías más frecuentes consecuencia de procesos de hormigonado en temperaturas frías son: la fisuración, pérdida de recubrimiento y corrosión de armaduras de acero por incorporación de sales en forma de aditivos anticongelantes, en el proceso de mezclado o posteriores al fraguado de la mezcla. Por tanto, es necesario conocer la influencia de la corrosión del acero producida por adiciones de anticongelantes en la adherencia de elementos de hormigón armado. Para ello se ha llevado a cabo un programa experimental de ensayos tipo pull – out centrado, con probetas de hormigón con aditivos anticongelantes, unas sin corrosión y otras sometidas a procesos de corrosión acelerada, con diferentes grados de deterioro en las barras; mediante las que se ha obtenido un modelo lineal simple, que representa la variación de la tensión de adherencia como función del diámetro de las barras y modelos de regresión polinomial que representan la variación de la tensión de adherencia como función del nivel de corrosión; mediante los cuales se realiza la evaluación de la influencia de la corrosión de armaduras de acero en la adherencia de elementos de hormigón armado con adiciones de anticongelantes.
CURRÍCULO DE LOS AUTORES
Authors: Villalba Fermín Doris
Published: March 2021

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Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles with Ultrasound-Assisted Reverse Micelles Method and Their Antibacterial Effects on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates
Authors: Sedrizadeh-Bami Sima , Kariminik Ashraf , Ranjbar Mehdi
Published: March 2021

Background: Serious infections are associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria and this can lead to many deaths in the world. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against MRSA isolates from clinical samples. Methods: Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by ultrasound-assisted reverse micelles method. The as-prepared Ag nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibacterial effect of AgNPs was investigated using agar well diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined. Results: The XRD studies showed that pure Ag nanoparticles have been produced after calcination. Synthesized AgNPs showed favorable effects on the bacteria used. MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were determined to be 0.015 and 0.07 mg/mL, respectively. All MRSA isolates were susceptible to AgNPs. In contrast, they showed high resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. Conclusions: AgNPs had high inhibitory activity against MRSA; therefore, they can be proposed as an alternative or adjuvant to antibiotics for the treatment of MRSA infections. Further investigations are required to assess the safety and efficacy of AgNPs in the body.
Lactobacilli From Buffalo Milk and Yogurt With Antibacterial Activity Against Gram-Negative Uropathogens
Authors: Baie Sahar , Ahani Azari Ania , Dadgar Teena
Published: March 2021

Background: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus strains isolated from buffalo milk and yogurt in Aliabad-e Katul city, Golestan province, north-east of Iran. Methods: Raw milk and yogurt samples were collected and cultured on MRS medium by incubating anaerobically at 37°C for 48 hours. The suspected colonies were identified on the basis of Gram staining, biochemical tests, and carbohydrates fermentation. The antibacterial activity of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) extracted from Lactobacillus strains was determined using the agar well diffusion method against standard strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 11303, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 as well as gram-negative uropathogens previously isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs). Three isolates of E. coli (E1, E2, and E3), two isolates of P. aeruginosa (P1 and P2), and two isolates of K. pneumoniae (K1 and K2) were used in this study. Results: A total of 19 Lactobacillus strains were identified as L. plantarum, L. casei, L. acidophilus, and L. helveticus. Based on the results of antibacterial activity test, the isolates had the highest and lowest inhibitory effects on the E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively. Among the isolates, only L. casei isolates showed inhibitory activity against K. pneumoniae isolates. Conclusions: In this study, Lactobacilli from buffalo milk and yogurt demonstrated a good inhibitory activity against E. coli as a common cause of urinary tract infection. Therefore, further studies are recommended to elucidate their potential for being used as an alternative to antibiotic therapy.
Prevalence of Toxocara Species Eggs in the Soil of Public Parks in Hamedan City, Western Iran
Authors: Sazmand Alireza , Torkaman Sarina , Namayeshi Saba , Faraji Saman , Zeinali Mehrane , Zibaei Mohammad
Published: March 2021

Background: Toxocariasis is one of the most commonly reported zoonotic helminth infections in the world which is caused by the parasitic roundworms of dogs or cats. This survey aimed to provide data on the contamination of the soil of public parks by Toxocara spp. eggs in Hamedan city, capital of Hamedan Province in the west of Iran. Methods: During April and May 2019, a total of 120 soil samples were collected from 20 public parks (4 to 10 soil samples from each park) from all geographical areas of the city. For detection of eggs, soil samples were dried overnight at room temperature and passed through a 150 μm mesh sieve. After performing Sheather’s flotation technique using 2 g of powdery soil, light microscopic examinations were carried out. Results: Microscopic evaluation of specimens revealed that 14 samples out of 120 (11.67%) collected from 10 public parks out of 20 in Hamedan (50.0%) were contaminated with Toxocara spp. eggs. Various developmental stages of Toxocara spp. eggs including (1) non-developed, (2) 2-cell to tadpole stage, and (3) larvated eggs were observed. Furthermore, in two public parks, Trichuris spp. eggs were found in the soils. Conclusions: This study provides the first information about the contamination of public areas in Hamedan 0rovince and suggests that public awareness about this fact is needed. Education of citizens especially parents with children, who have commonly mouthing behavior, is recommended. Further molecular-based studies for the identification of parasite species in the province are suggested. All of the published literature about contamination of the soils of public areas in Iran with Toxocara eggs until July 2020 were also reviewed.
Prevalence of Enterobiasis Among the Kindergarten Children of Sabzevar, Northeast of Iran
Authors: Elyasi Hossein , Golmohammadi Rahim , Mojadadi Mohammad-Shafi
Published: March 2021

Background: Enterobiasis is a common parasitic disease at all age groups, especially children. It results in perianal itching, insomnia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rarely appendicitis and fallopian tube inflammation in the affected patients. The prevalence of enterobiasis varies in different parts of Iran. However, the status of the enterobiasis prevalence among Sabzevar children remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of enterobiasis among the kindergarten children of Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasan province, the northeast of Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical-descriptive study, sampling was carried out on children aged below 7 years using the Scotch-tape technique in the kindergartens of Sabzevar in 2019. The samples were then examined by a light microscope. Finally, the data were recorded in a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software and Fisher exact test. Results: Based on the results, 6 (3.49%) out of 172 collected samples were found to be infected with enterobiasis. There was no significant association between gender and infection. Eventually, no significant relationship was found between the geographical living area and enterobiasis. Conclusions: These findings indicated that the overall prevalence of enterobiasis among Sabzevar kindergarten children was lower than that of many parts of Iran. However, educational programs for parents and kindergarten staff regarding enterobiasis infection and the transmission routes should be conducted to reduce the infection rate.
The Effects of the Grape Seed Extract on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Aslanimehr Masoumeh , Alizadeh Ashraf , Azmoudeh Faezeh
Published: March 2021

Background: Oral pathogens can affect a large population and the general health of individuals. Based on the evidence, the grape seed extract (GSE) contains herbal compounds that have the ability tosuppress oral pathogens associated with caries and fungal diseases. In this regard, the current studyaimed at evaluating the effect of GSE on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Methods: The grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seed was used in this in-vitro experimental study. After thepreparation of methanolic GSE, its effect on S. mutans and C. albicans was assessed at 0.25-256 mg/mL concentrations. Then, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidalconcentration (MBC) were determined by macro broth dilution methods. Finally, data were analyzedby SPSS, version 20. Results: The results showed that GSE inhibits the growth of S. mutans and C. albicans. In addition, theMIC and MBC of the extract against S. mutans and C. albicans were 2 and 8 mg/mL, as well as 32 and64 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: In general, GSE had a significant antimicrobial effect on S. mutans, while it only affected C. albicans at high concentrations.
Evaluating the Effect of Working in the Dental Radiology Center on Micronucleus Frequency in Buccal Mucosa
Authors: Shahsavari Fatemeh , Arianfar Mahsa , Hafezi Ladan
Published: March 2021

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of working in the dental radiology department on the frequency of micronucleus. Results: The mean frequency of micronucleus per cell in the control and case groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.4). In addition, no statistically significant difference was observed in males and females regarding the mean frequency of micronucleus per cell (P = 0.6). Employment background and age had no significant impact on the percentage of micronucleus-containing cells and the mean frequency of micronucleus per cell. Conclusions: Working in a dental radiology center had no impact on the percentage of micronucleuscontaining cells and the mean frequency of micronucleus per cell.
Comparative Study of the Effect of Flavonoids and the Whey Extract on Enamel Microhardness: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Nobahar Shokufeh , Mirzaeei Shahla , simaei leila , Ahmadi Zohreh
Published: March 2021

Background: Preventing caries or stopping primary caries lesions is one of the most important goals of oral health care. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of flavonoids and the whey extract on tooth enamel by measuring the microhardness of enamel following its demineralization. Methods: In general, 42 samples of healthy enamel were prepared in this experimental-laboratory study. After measuring the initial microhardness using Vickers hardness tester )Buehler, Lake Bluff, IL, USA(, the samples were immersed in the demineralization solution for 4 days and re-tested for microhardness. Then, the samples were randomly divided into three groups of 14 and treated, including the grape seed extract w/v8%, the whey extract, and the artificial saliva. The samples were in contact with the treatment material for 8 days in an incubator at 37°C and then their microhardness was evaluated again. Results: The analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference in the amount of microhardness changes between the study groups (P < 0.001) so that microhardness changes were the highest in the grape seed extract group while they decreased in the control group. However, the post hoc test showed no statistically significant difference between the whey extract and grape seed extract groups (P = 1.000). Finally, the control group had a statistically significant difference from the whey extract and grape seed extract groups. Conclusions: Both grape seed extract and whey extract increased remineralization and the microhardness of tooth enamel compared to the control group. Thus, these two substances can be considered as natural and effective substances in the non-invasive treatment of carious lesions.
Microhardness and Scanning Electron Microscopic Morphology of Permanent Dentin Following the Application of Iranian and Foreign-Made Desensitizing Toothpastes
Authors: Valian Azam , Jafari Mina , Ebrahimizadeh Hosna
Published: March 2021

Background: This study aimed to assess the microhardness and morphology of permanent dentin following the application of Iranian and foreign-made desensitizing toothpastes. Methods: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 48 dentin samples prepared of the extracted sound human permanent molars. Dentin samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=16) and subjected to the application of Pooneh Iranian desensitizing toothpaste, Colgate Sensitive Pro- Relief (Poland), and no intervention (negative control). Each dentin sample was then immersed in 5 mL of a demineralizing solution for 10 hours and underwent a demineralization/remineralization cycle (pH cycling) for 14 days. The mean microhardness of the samples was measured at baseline after demineralization and after 14 days. One sample of each toothpaste group was selected for the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assessment of dentin morphology. Finally, repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze the effect of time and type of toothpaste on microhardness using SPSS, version 21. Results: The comparison of the mean microhardness of the control group with experimental groups revealed no significant difference at baseline or after demineralization (P > 0.05) although this difference was significant after 14 days (P < 0.001). The mean microhardness of the two toothpaste groups was not significantly different at different time points (P > 0.05). Finally, the SEM assessment revealed a greater tubular obstruction in Pooneh group after 14 days. Conclusions: Pooneh Iranian-made desensitizing toothpaste was comparable to Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief foreign-made desensitizing toothpaste in terms of the microhardness of permanent dentin. It even demonstrated superior performance with regard to the obstruction of dentinal tubules.
Mandibular Ramus Sexual Dimorphism Using Panoramic Radiography
Authors: dabaghi Arash , Bagheri Abbas
Published: March 2021

Background: Identification of human remains is the first essential phase of forensic investigation and is significant for subsequent analyses. Mandible is the most dimorphic, largest, and hardest bone of skull and plays a decisive role in sex determination, especially when the complete skull is not available. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of mandibular ramus assessment in sex discrimination using panoramic radiography. Methods: A total of 135 panoramic radiographs (68 males and 67 females; aged 0-75 years) were retrieved from the database of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran and divided into five groups :4-14, 16-30, 31-45, 45-60, and 61- 75 years. The following four parameters were measured on the radiographs utilizing the mouse-driven method to determine sex: coronoid height (CRH), ramus height (RH), mandibular body height (MBH), and bicondylar breadth (BB). The radiographs were processed using the SCANORA® software. Data were analyzed using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) graphs, t test, and the IBM SPSS software version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Results: The percentage of certainty of each variable regarding the determination of sex from an unknown human mandible bone was as follows: RH=84.6%, CRH=82.4%, BB=73.5%, and MBH=83.8%, indicating that RH alone could categorize the sex in 84.6% of the cases (highest accuracy), CRH in 82.4%, BB in 73.5% (lowest accuracy), and MBH in 83.8%. The average accuracy in sex determination was 89% using all four variables. Conclusions: All the variables studied in the present study revealed a reliable extent of certainty for sex discrimination of unidentified skeletal remains. The overall accuracy of all variables altogether was 89%.
Effectiveness of Preoperative Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Pain After Lower Posterior Teeth Removal: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Haghighat Abbas , Ramezanzade Shaqayeq
Published: March 2021

Background: Pain is one of the most common complications after tooth extraction and pain control is a crucial part of the procedure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of 0.2% (w/v) chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate mouth rinse on the severity of post-extraction pain. Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was conducted among 170 subjects. Subjects were instructed to rinse with 15 mL of CHX mouth rinse (study group) or placebo (control group) 0.5 to 1 hour before extraction. Post-operative pain was evaluated considering the number of taken rescue analgesics and using a visual analog scale (VAS) that each case completed 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the surgery. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed in this regard. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding demographic variables (P>0.05). The preoperative use of CHX mouth rinse showed a better performance in mitigating the perceived pain. A significant difference in the pain level (P=0.001) was found only at the 6th hour postoperatively although there was no significant difference in the pain level between the two groups (P>0.05) at all other times (12th, 24th, 48th hours). The total number of analgesics that were taken by the study group was significantly lower compared to the control group (P=0.042). Conclusions: The preoperative CHX mouth rinse could be a beneficial choice for reducing pain after simple tooth extractions.
Solid Phase Extraction Method for Separation and Pre-concentration of Thallium in Water Samples Using a Novel Adsorbent
Authors: Ansari Mohammad Reza , Sheibani Ali , Tabatabaee Masoumeh
Published: March 2021

In this study, a new and simple column-mode separation method has been proposed for the pre-concentration and removal of trace amounts of thallium(III) (Tl) from water samples. The procedure was based on sorption of Tl(III) ions by a solid phase extraction column filled with 4-[(2-hydroxy, 3-methoxy benzylidine)4-amino]1,2,4-treeazol-5-thione on microcrystalline naphthalene. The determination was performed directly using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) method. The main factors affecting the extraction recovery were investigated and optimized. The interference effect of various ions on the determination of Tl(III) was also studied. In optimum conditions, the precision of the proposed method for sample solutions containing 0.2 μg/mL of Tl(III) was 2.0%, and the enrichment factor was found to be 35. The proposed method was evaluated and employed for pre-concentration and removal of Tl(III) from spiked natural (Tap and well) and industrial water samples.
Effect of Organic Nano-Materials on Heavy Metals Concentration of Wheat Plants Inoculated With Piriformospora indica Fungus and Irrigated With Wastewater of Plating Industry
Authors: Baghaie Amir Hossein
Published: March 2021

Removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents is one of the most important in environmental research. This research was done to investigate the adsorption effect of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and nano Zn-oxide on decreasing chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd) concentration in wheat inoculated with Piriformospora indica (P.indica) that irrigated with wastewater of plating industry. Treatments were consist of applying MWCNs (0 and 0.5 % (W/W)) and nano Zn-oxide (0 and 1.5 % (W/W)) in the soil irrigated with the wastewater of plating industry under wheat inoculated with P.indica. This research was done as a factorial experiment in the layout of completely randomized block design in three replication After 90 days, plants were harvested and plant Cd and Cr were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Using MWCNs had significant effect on increasing cation exchangeable capacity of soil. Applying 0.5 % (W/W) MWCNs in the soil irrigated with waste water significantly decreased the soil Cd concentration by 11.7%, while the plant biomass was increased by 13.4%. In addition, applying 1.5 % (W/W) nano Zn-oxide significantly decreased the negative effect of heavy metal toxicity that can be related to the role of nano Zn-oxide on increasing soil sorption properties. However, the interaction effect of Zn and Cd cannot be ignored. The results of this study showed that applying MWCNs and nano Zn-oxide has a significant effect on decreasing phytoremediation efficiency in soil irrigated with wastewater of plating industries. However, the type and the amount of heavy metals in wastewater cannot be ignored.
Preliminary Nutrient Determination and Regeneration of Pancreatic Islet Cells by Extracts of Spondias mombin Leaves in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Eluehike Nkeiruka , Onoagbe Iyere Osolase
Published: March 2021

Background: There is a growing trend towards the use of medicinal plant that can prevent degeneration of pancreatic cells and regenerate islet cells in diabetes treatment Objectives: The possible effects of the extracts of Spondias mombin leaves on the regeneration of pancreatic beta cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were determined in this study. Methods: Twenty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (A-E) including normal and diabetic rats. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of S. mombin were administered orally to diabetic rats in groups D and E for 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected for serum insulin and C-peptide assays. The pancreases were also collected for histopathological examination. Additionally, mineral and vitamin contents of the leaves were determined using standard procedures. Results: The highest vitamin content was vitamin C in the leaves, while the highest mineral content was calcium. Treatment with extracts of Spondias mombin attenuated the STZ-induced hypoinsulinemia, which was evident from the increased serum insulin and c-peptide levels in the extract treated groups. Histopathological examination of the pancreas revealed an increase in the number and size of the pancreatic beta cells in the extracts treated groups in comparison to the shrunken and diminished islet cells observed in the untreated animals. Conclusion: Extracts of S. mombin leaves are capable of regenerating pancreatic β-cells which were destroyed by streptozotocin induction.
The Interaction of Hemoglobin With Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Presence of Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Mirzajani Radnoosh , Mirzajani Ebrahim , Ebrahimi-Najafabadi Heshmatollah
Published: March 2021

Background: Hemoglobin (Hb), oxygen, carbon dioxide, and electron transporter of the body, may enter to an oxidation process that can convert oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) to methemoglobin (metHb) and hemichrome. Surfactants can facilitate oxidation process that may accumulate hemichrome in red blood cells. Methods: In the present study, the interaction of purified Hb with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, 0-5 mM) and ascorbic acid (AA, 0-5 mM) was evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopy and multivariate curve resolution techniques. Results: Reconstructed spectral and concentration profiles showed three forms of Hb name as oxyHb, metHb, and hemichrome with lack of fit values less than 1.85%. AA hindered the oxidation process of Hb. Conclusion: A decrease in critical micelle concentration of SDS in the presence of AA and interaction of AA with hydrogen peroxide, which is produced during the interaction of Hb with SDS, are two reasons for diminution in the oxidation process of Hb when accompanied with AA.
Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training and Consumption of Tribulus Terrestris on Androgenic Receptor-1, Fas Ligand Gene Expression, and Lipid Profiles in Rats Exposed to Stanozolol
Authors: Derakhshandeh Mohammad , Taghian Farzaneh , Jalali Dehkordi Khosro , Hosseini Seyed Ali
Published: March 2021

Background: Protective effect of medicinal plants on the heart has been reported, but the effect of resistance training (RT) and Tribulus terrestris (TT) on the heart exposed to anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse is still unknown. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of RT and TT on androgen receptor-1 (ar-1), Fas ligand (fasl) gene expression and lipid profiles in rats exposed to stanozolol (S). Methods: Thirty-five male rats were selected and divided into 7 groups as follows: (1) sham (normal saline/Sh), (2) stanozolol (S), (3) S+100 mg/kg TT (S+TT100), (4) S+ 50 mg/kg TT (S+TT50), (5) S+RT+TT, (6) S+RT+TT100, and (7) S+RT+TT50. Over a course of eight-week period, groups 3, 4, 6, and 7 received 50 and 100 mg/kg/d doses of TT peritoneally and groups 5-7 performed three sessions of increasing RT per week. Results: RT decreased plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, as well as ar-1 and fasl gene expression in S-exposed rats (P<0.05). TT50, TT100, SRTT100, and SRTT50 reduced ar-1 and fasl gene expressions (P<0.05). TT50 reduced triglyceride (TG), cholesterol and increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (P≤0.01), and TT100 decreased LDL-C levels (P<0.05). Additionally, SRTT100 reduced TG, cholesterol, and LDL-C levels and increased HDL-C level (P<0.05), and SRTT50 decreased cholesterol level and increased HDL-C level in S-exposed rats (P<0.05). Conclusion: RT and consumption of TT appear to have protective effects on the improvement of apoptosisdependent androgen receptor-1 and lipid profile in S-exposed rats.
Di-ethanolamine Causes the Mortality of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Due to Metabolic Imbalance and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Abnosi Mohammad Hussein , Hosseini Setarehsadat
Published: March 2021

Background: Cell toxicity due to diethanolamine (DEA) is well known but no data are available regarding its mechanism. The present study investigated the cell viability and proliferation ability of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) treated with DEA. Methods: At 3rd passages, BMSCs were treated for 12, 24, and 48 hours with 0.025 to 16 mM of bis(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate. The cell viability was estimated using the trypan blue and MTT, then 1, 4, and 16 mM, and 48 hours were selected as well. Next, other parameters were determined, including proliferation ability, cell morphology, sodium and potassium levels, as well as the concentration of calcium, total protein, and the activity of metabolic enzymes (i.e., alanine transaminase [ALT], aspartate transaminase [AST], and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]). Finally, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured based on the aim of the study. Results: Based on the results, the viability reduced significantly from 0.6 mM at 12 hours and 0.2 for 24 and 48 hours (P<0.05). In addition, the proliferation ability showed a significant reduction (P<0.05) while the activity of LDH, ALT, and AST increased significantly (P<0.05). The level of electrolytes at 1 mM treatment demonstrated no change (P>0.05) whereas 4 mM concentration caused a decline in the calcium level while increased the sodium significantly (P<0.05). The results further revealed that the level of MDA increased although the activity of antioxidant enzymes and TAC represented a significant reduction (P<0.05). No change was detected in the morphology of nuclei while cytoplasm shrinkage and roundness were observable. Conclusion: In general, the findings of this study showed that DEA reduced the viability and proliferation of BMSCs via metabolic change, electrolyte imbalance, and the induction of oxidative stress.
Antioxidant Activities of Green Tea Extract/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Monosodium Glutamate in Different Organs
Authors: Hamza Reham Z. , Al-Salmi Fawzeh A. , El-Shenawy Nahla S.
Published: March 2021

This brief review provided evidence for the role of green tea extract (GTE)/zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in a variety of biomedical applications against the toxic effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG). MSG is used to enhance the taste, however it causes oxidative stress in the long-term. Many effects of MSG consumption on the brain, obesity, sex organs, and metabolism have been verified. This review covered the effect of GTE/ZnO NPs on many different organs including the liver, kidney, heart, spleen, testis, brain, and pancreas after being exposed to MSG. The review indicated that the toxicity induced by MSG could be restored by GTE/ZnO NPs in different organs. Accordingly, the green nanoparticles could be attended as a futuristic approach to be used against any toxic substance.
Antioxidative Effects of Nanocurcumin and Curcumin Against Aluminum Phosphide-induced Serum Oxidative Stress
Authors: Mohammadi Pasand Somayyeh , Ranjbar Akram , Kheiripour Nejat , Ghasemi Hassan , Rafieemehr Hassan
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Aluminum phosphide (AIP) is the commonly used pesticide in agriculture, which induces oxidative stress in almost all major body systems and organs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of nanocurcumin and curcumin on serum oxidative stress level in subacute toxicity with AIP. Materials and Methods: In this study 36 male Wistar rats (220-250 g) were randomly divided into six groups. Control (C) receiving normal saline; group AIPreceiving AIP (2 mg/kg daily); group Cur receiving curcumin (100 mg/kg daily); group Nano-cur receiving nanocurcumin (100 mg/kg daily); group AIP+ Cur receiving AIP (2 mg/kg daily) and curcumin (100 mg/kg daily); and group AIP and Nano-cur receiving AIP (2 mg/kg daily) and nanocurcumin (100 mg/kg daily). Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), total thiol groups (TTG), and catalase (CAT) activity were measured. Results: AIP administration led to a significant increase in LPO, and decreased the CAT activity, TAC, and TTG compared to the control group (P<0.05). Curcumin and nanocurcumin caused a significant decrease in the levels of LPO compared to the AIP-exposed groups (P<0.05). Moreover, in the nanocurcumin-treated groups, compared to a poisoned group, TAC and TTG increased significantly (P<0.01). There were no significant changes in CAT activity improvement. Conclusion: Nanocurcumin and curcumin improved the AIP-induced oxidative damage.
Kiwifruit Supplementation Increases the Activity of the Paraoxonase Enzyme and decreases Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in High-Fat Diet Fed Hamsters
Authors: Rezaei Narjes , Zaherijamil Zahra , Moradkhani Shirin , Saidijam Massoud , khodadadi Iraj , Abbasi Oshaghi Ebrahim , Tavilani Heidar
Published: March 2021

Background: It is shown that kiwifruit elevates serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and exhibits beneficial effects on human health due to its antioxidant potential. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of kiwifruit on the activity of the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme, as a main antioxidant enzyme in HDL functionality, in a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods: To this end, 42 male Syrian hamsters were divided into 6 groups including hamsters receiving a normal diet (the control normal group), a regular diet supplemented with kiwifruit at two concentrations (i.e., 1.86 g/kg and 3.73 g/kg), a HFD comprised of 15% butterfat + 0.05% cholesterol (the control high-fat group), and a HFD supplemented with kiwifruit at two concentrations (i.e., 1.86 and 3.73 g/kg) for 8 weeks. Results: The results showed that supplementation of kiwifruit to the HFD increased the levels of HDL-C and remarkably reduced the concentrations of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) compared with the control-HF group. In addition, the paraoxonase activity of PON1 significantly increased in HFD supplemented with kiwifruit (1.86 g/kg), and finally, arylesterase (ARE) activity increased in all treated groups when compared with untreated groups. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that kiwifruit can improve the lipid profile and prevent oxidative stress-induced by lipid peroxidation in hamsters receiving HFD, thus increasing the ARE and paraoxonase activities of PON1.