bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-print Periodicals in the Wroblewski Library: what does the Collection Tell us about the History of Publishing in Lithuania?
Authors: Cicėnienė Rima
Published: July 2024

In Lithuania, non-print periodicals have been of interest to scholars, librarians, and local historians for over a hundred years. To understand the phenomenon of non-print periodicals in Lithuania, its place in the increasing national information flow, and the history of state publishing, it is necessary to gather as extensive a base of these periodical sources as possible and know the main collections. This article aims to present the study of the non-print periodicals collection stored in the Manuscripts Department of the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences from the perspective of book science and reveal its informativeness as a whole for the history of Lithuanian publishing. The research object became all the identified non-print periodical publications collected into a conditional collection regardless of chronological frameworks, language, writing system, font, or publishing geographic location. Currently, the Manuscripts Department has recorded as many as 154 titles of small newspapers. To achieve the goal, first, historiography dedicated to non-print periodicals in Lithuania and the Wroblewski Library will be discussed, the history of object collection in the library will be determined, and the formed collection will be analysed in chronological, geographical, linguistic, typological, and genre aspects. The study of the information recorded in the publications’ metrics and texts provided insights into the processes of non-print publishing and allowed for comparisons with the processes of professional periodicals publishing. The history of the collection led to another multilingual collection of non-print periodicals covering the period between the late 19th century to 1946 in the Manuscripts Department of the Wroblewski Library, different in composition from the collection in the Rare Books and Old Periodicals Department. The analysis of the collection’s composition by designated aspects confirms the linguistic, genre, and typological diversity of publications that existed in Lithuania. The study allows us to state that although published in small volumes, non-print periodicals approached professional ones and contributed to the national information flow, filling informational and content gaps. They became a space for young creators to unfold and demonstrate practical knowledge, showcasing the potential of non-print periodicals publishing activities, which nurtured more than one professional press figure in Lithuania. The objects of the collection testify to the diversity of periodical publishing practices, and social groups involved in the publishing processes, and reveal the changing society and its aspirations. The collection gathered for the study provides new, unused information for scientific research on the reading and creativity of young people and soldiers, revealing their areas of interest. The collection’s objects become a relevant source for research on language, art history, gender, issues of the reuse of works, etc.
Applications of chiral sulfinyl auxiliaries in the asymmetric synthesis of fluorinated amines and amino acids
Authors: Lyutenko Nataliya V. , Sorochinsky Alexander E. , Soloshonok Vadim A.
Published: July 2024

This review article covers the developments made in collaboration by groups of Professors V. P. Kukhar and P. Bravo to the synthetic applications of sulfinyl compounds as versatile chiral auxiliaries for asymmetric preparation of fluorinated amines and amino acids. The potential of the sulfinyl chiral auxiliaries in the field of stereoselective transformations of fluorinated substrates is demonstrated by diastereoselective methylene transfer from diazomethane to the carbonyl of β-keto-γ-fluoroalkyl sulfoxides as a general approach for preparation of various fluorinated oxirane derivatives, diastereoselective sulfoxide anions addition to fluorinated imines leading to convenient preparation of α-fluoroalkyl α-amino acids, hydroxy amines, and amines, diastereoselective Mannich-type reaction between N-tert-butanesulfinyl-3,3,3-trifluoroacetaldimine and protected alkyl glycolates furnishing β-trifluoromethyl isoserine derivatives and diastereoselective additions of phosphite or α-phosphonate anions to N-tert-butanesulfinyl-3,3,3-trifluoroacetaldimine using for synthesis of trifluoromethylated α- and β-aminophosphonic acids. Furthermore, diastereoselective additions of Reformatsky reagent derived from bromodifluoroethyl acetate as well as α,α-difluorophosphonate anions to N-p-toluenesulfinyl imines allowing convenient preparation of a,a-difluoro-b-amino acids and α,α-difluoro-β-amino phosphonates in enantiomerically pure form are described. Effect of fluorine on the mechanism and stereochemical outcome of these reactions is briefly discussed
2,2-Disubstituted 5- and 8-azachroman-4-ones: the effect on cancer growth in contrast to chromanone analogs
Authors: Malets Yehor S. , Golovchenko Oleksandr V.
Published: July 2024

A series of 2,2-disubstituted 5-azachroman-4-ones (two examples) and isomeric 8-azachroman-4-ones (four derivatives) were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity on 60 cancer cell lines. The decreased proliferation of cancer cells was observed for the case of both types of isomeric azachromanones with the highest activity for 2,3,5,6-tetrahydrospiro[pyran-4,2'-pyrano[2,3-b]pyridin]-4'(3'H)-one, which slows down the growth of 27 out of 60 cancer cell lines by more than half, including melanoma, colon and ovarian cancers. The structure-activity relationship in the hit spirocyclic 8-azachromanone was established by comparison with the parent chromanone analog (the least active) and the corresponding 8-fluorosubstituted derivative (showed moderate activity)
Some Regional Peculiarities of Forced Migration from Ukraine: the Capital and Other Regions
Authors: MAIDANIK IRYNA
Published: July 2024

The forced migration of Ukrainians within the country and abroad has become a characteristic feature of the era of full-scale invasion. It saved the lives and health of many people, as a decrease in population density in the areas most affected by the hostilities leads to a decrease in human losses. Despite the great research interest in the topic of forced migration, some aspects of it still remain poorly understood, in particular, it is important to study the peculiarities of forced migration at the localities level, at least in large cities. The purpose of this article is to single out the category of forced migrants who lived in Kyiv before the full-scale invasion by the aggressor country and to identify the peculiarities of staying abroad and the attitudes of this group. To achieve this goal, general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, and induction were used. Empirical data were collected using the method of sample surveys. The method of grouping was used to distinguish Kyiv residents from the general population of respondents, and the method of comparison was used to identify the peculiarities of their forced migration abroad. The study found that Kyiv residents are more likely to settle abroad in the capitals of their destination countries. Among them, there are more unmarried and childless individuals, which creates prerequisites for socio-economic integration outside the country. Also, people from the capital were less likely to have relatives abroad at the time of the full-scale invasion, which is likely due to their low level of participation in external labor migration in the previous period. Migrants from the capital proved to be better integrated in the countries of settlement, which is reflected in their proficiency in the local language, employment in the local labor market, and higher levels of financial well-being. At the same time, they retain stronger ties to Ukraine. Residents of Kyiv region are similar to Kyiv residents in some respects, while in others they are similar to residents of other regions. The study also revealed cases where the population of Kyiv region exhibited characteristics intermediate between Kyiv and other regions. The development of effective strategies for migration management, socio-economic development of the country during the war and post-war revival needs to take into account regional specifics.
Formation of Responsible Youth Behavior in the Process of Socialization
Authors: SHEVTSOVA YULIA
Published: July 2024

The paper analyzes the problem of the influence of surrounding environment on the formation of responsible behavior of young people. The modern challenges of the digital society and the problems of the “aging” of human resources increase scientific attention to the question of the readiness of young people to take responsibility for the future social development. Therefore, it is important to determine the external conditions which form responsible behavior of young people. General scientific methods of research were used to fulfill the task: systematic approach, statistical and graphic methods, method of analysis and synthesis, method of empirical research. A meaningful connection between the categories “responsibility”, “responsible behavior”, “readiness for responsible behavior” was established; on this basis, the importance of early formation of responsible behavior of young people at the stage of socialization was substantiated. The key spheres of youth socialization were found out: those are family, education, public activities. The author established that under the influence of these institutions, the integrated accumulation of a knowledge base, practical experience of responsible actions is carried out by young people, which develops the ability for critical thinking and collectively forms in young people the readiness for responsible behavior as a norm and an integrated value. Proactive methods of informal education and social practices promising for the formation of responsible behavior of young people were identified, the author’s model of the Summer School was presented as an example, which integrates the acquisition of basic management skills with the practical development of social projects, which contributes to the acquisition of experience. As a result, the agents of socialization were suggested to direct the key influences on young people in the following directions: educational environment — introduction of proactive methods of informal education, social practices; family environment — development of family education strategy; public environment — implementation of motivational mechanisms to involve young people in the participation in non-governmental organizations, wide use of educational collective methods.
Institutional Environment of the Labor Remuneration
Authors: CYMBAL OLEKSANDR , OSTAFIICHUK YAROSLAV , PYLYPIV VITALII
Published: July 2024

The problem of adequate performance of economic and social functions of labor remuneration and its compliance with the criteria of decent work is extremely relevant for Ukraine. The problem cannot be solved only by adjusting the existing and adopting new normative legal acts of labor law, since the corresponding legislative amendments must be accepted by the key parties to social and labor relations. The purpose of the article is to investigate the institutional environment in the field of labor remuneration in Ukraine in its various manifestations, to identify the most common institutional constructions, structures and practices that need correction and should become a priority object of state policy. The research was conducted using the methods of desk study. In the absence of official statistical data on the labor market and wages, indirect assessment methods were used based on available administrative data, materials of international organizations, results of sociological surveys, etc. The authors abandoned the traditional identification of institutions exclusively with formal organizations, which are mainly created by the government. The novelty is provided by the study of widespread informal institutional structures and practices, their main manifestations and socio-economic consequences. he study revealed that due to the low efficiency of controlling and punitive instruments of state regulation, several informal and implicit institutional structures have taken root in the institutional environment of the sphere of labor remuneration in addition to or instead of formal norms and rules, in particular, the shadowing of labor remuneration, labor remuneration based on individual agreements, unpaid overtime work, fictitious individual entrepreneurs, etc. Manifestations, main causes and consequences of the spread of informal practices are analysed. The impact of the full-scale military aggression against Ukraine on the labor market and labor force patterns in terms of working conditions and wages is assessed, and the risk of deepening shortage of workers for the needs of the post-war reconstruction is emphasized. The role of the government as the largest employer and the main transformations of the wage institution in the public sector are revealed. Conclusions have been made regarding the priority functions of the state in the sphere of wages, based on the need to ensure the resilience of the national economy.
The impact of participating in a multicultural learning community on childcare teacher’s multicultural acceptability and multicultural education competency
Authors: Kang Jai-Hee , Moon Hae-Lyun ,   Research Institute for Early Childhood Education - Korea National University of Education
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of participation in a multicultural learning community on childcare teacher’s multicultural acceptability and multicultural education competency among childcare teachers. For this purpose, a survey was conducted targeting 41 childcare teachers working in S-si, Gyeonggi-do. ‘Multicultural Acceptability’ and ‘Multicultural Education Competency’ measurements tools were used as research tools, and paired-sample t-test was used for data analysis. As a result of the study, firstly, participation in a multicultural learning community was effective in increasing childcare teachers' multicultural acceptability, and statistically significant differences were found in all subcategories of diversity, relationship, and universality. Secondly, participation in a multicultural learning community was effective in increasing childcare teachers' multicultural education capabilities, and statistically significant differences were found in all subcategories of knowledge, awareness, and skills. Through this study, implications were obtained that continuous participation in multicultural learning communities is effective in order to increase childcare teachers' multicultural acceptability and multicultural education capabilities.
The effect of mother-child literacy interaction on critical thinking: Sequential mediation on children’s reading interest and empathy ability
Authors: Hwang Yoon-Se ,   Research Institute for Early Childhood Education - Korea National University of Education
Published: July 2024

This study examines the relationship of mother-child literacy interaction and children’s critical thinking through the sequentially mediating effect of children’s reading interest and empathy ability. Using the questionnaire survey method, 158 5-year-old children and 150 teachers working at kindergarten in Daejeon Province participated for the study. The children’s reading interest and empathy ability sequentially mediated the relationship between mother-child literacy interaction and children’s critical thinking. Specifically, it was found that the mother-child literacy interaction indirectly affects children’s critical thinking through the sequentially mediating effect of children’s reading interest and empathy ability. The results of this study provide the basic data to explore ways to improve the children’s critical thinking.
Spanning Trees Whose Stems are Caterpillars
Authors: Ha Pham Hoang , Hanh Dang Dinh , Nam Le Dinh , Nhan Nguyen Huu
Published: July 2024

Let 𝑇 be a tree, a vertex of degree one is called a leaf. The set of all leaves of 𝑇 is denoted by Leaf(𝑇). The subtree 𝑇 − Leaf(𝑇) of 𝑇 is called the stem of 𝑇 and denoted by Stem(𝑇). A tree 𝑇 is called a caterpillar if Stem(𝑇) is a path. In this paper, we give two sufficient conditions for a connected graph to have a spanning tree whose stem is a caterpillar. We also give some examples to show that these conditions are sharp.
Positroids are 3-Colorable
Authors: Chidiac Lamar , Hochstättler Winfried
Published: July 2024

We show that every positroid of rank 𝑟 ≥ 2 has a good coline. Using the definition of the chromatic number of oriented matroid introduced by J. Nešetřil, R. Nickel, and W. Hochstättler, this shows that every orientation of a positroid of rank at least 2 is 3-colorable.
Molecular methods confirm the first report of the non-indigenous Perna viridis Linnaeus, 1758 (Mytilida, Mytilidae) in southern Brazil
Authors: Beltrão Mayara Carneiro , Cunha Natalia Joana Rebello da , Laaf Yan de Oliveira , Diehl Fernando Luiz , Santos Tayse Demetro dos
Published: July 2024

The mussel Perna viridis, commonly known as Green Mussel, is native from the Indo-Paciﬁc region and has been introduced in various countries around the globe. In Brazil, the species has already been recorded in Rio de Janeiro and Ceará states. With the aim of assessing the presence of mussels in the southern region of the country, 14 individuals were collected in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Paraná. The mussels were found attached at a depth of 2 m on the artiﬁcial structure of Ponta do Poço Marina. The DNA was extracted using a commercial kit, the COI gene was ampliﬁed through PCR using the primers dgL-CO-1490 and dgHCO-2198, sequenced by the Sanger method, and the species was identiﬁed through the BOLD Systems. The phylogenetic tree was built on the software MEGA 11 using 28 sequences from three Perna species. Therefore, the present study conﬁrms the occurrence of P. viridis in Brazil through molecular identiﬁcation for the ﬁrst time and adds a second Brazilian state where it has been recorded. The Brazilian coastline provides optimal environmental conditions for the establishment and development of P. viridis. 
Movable Feasts on the River Thames
Authors: Christianson C Paul
Published: July 2024

The article examines the history of celebratory feasts honouring the prestige of the City of London which date from the 15th-century.
The Reception of Armagnac in England
Authors: Wilson Edward
Published: July 2024

The article traces the reception of the grape brandy Armagnac in the British market.
A Proper Newe Booke of Cokerye. Margaret Parker’s Cookery Book. Edited by Anne Ahmed
Authors: Holloway Johnna H
Published: July 2024

A Proper Newe Booke of Cokerye. Margaret Parker’s Cookery Book. Edited by Anne Ahmed. Cambridge, U.K.: Corpus Christi College, 2002. Hardcover. [112 pp.] ISBN: 0-950 261-3-X. [A facsimile by John Cleaver of the undated complete text of the Corpus Christi copy of A Proper Newe Booke of Cokerye with an interpretation by Anne Ahmed, pp. 23–81. Preface, Acknowledgements, and Introduction by the editor Anne Ahmed, pp. xi–xiii and pp.1–22. Also includes a Foreword by Christopher de Hamel, pp. vii–x; Recipes (adapted from the text), pp. 83–97. Bibliography, pp. 98. Original Illustrations by Chihiro Mizuta; numerous other illustrations.]
Geraldene Holt: Diary of a French Herb Garden
Authors: Jaine Sally
Published: July 2024

Geraldene Holt: Diary of a French Herb Garden: Pavilion, 2002: ISBN 186205 886: 152 pp., h/b, £14.99.
Eating Out in Kabul
Authors: Saberi Helen
Published: July 2024

The author recounts a trip to Kabul and especially the prevalence of new western-style restaurants no doubt servicing the expatriate community of the time (circa 2002/2003).
L’omelette au thon
Authors: Gray Patience
Published: July 2024

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Kristin Olafson-Jenkyns: The Culinary Saga of New Iceland (Recipes from the Shores of Lake Winnipeg)
Authors: Semple Ann
Published: July 2024

Kristin Olafson-Jenkyns: The Culinary Saga of New Iceland (Recipes from the Shores of Lake Winnipeg): Coastline Publishing, Guelph, Ontario: $32 Canada; $23.00 US.
Henry Marks: Byzantine Cuisine
Authors: Dalby Andrew
Published: July 2024

Henry Marks: Byzantine Cuisine: 2002 (available from the author at 1270 Montecello Drive, Eugene, Oregon 97404, USA).
Stewart Lee Allen: In the Devil’s Garden: A sinful history of forbidden food
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: July 2024

Stewart Lee Allen: In the Devil’s Garden: A sinful history of forbidden food: Canongate, 2002: h/b, £14.99.
Diana Henry: Crazy Water Pickled Lemons. Enchanting dishes from the Middle East, Mediterranean and North Africa
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: July 2024

Diana Henry: Crazy Water Pickled Lemons. Enchanting dishes from the Middle East, Mediterranean and North Africa: Mitchell Beazley, 2002; ISBN 1840005017: 192 pp., colour photos, h/b, £20.00.
APPLICATION OF MANGANESE-BASED OXIDES AS OXYGEN CARRIERS IN CHEMICAL LOOPING PROCESSES: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Bezerra da Silva Arivonaldo , Maria de Araújo Melo Dulce , Luiz Bezerra de Araújo Medeiros Rodolfo , Araújo Barros do Nascimento Santiago Rebecca , Maciel dos Santos Lamara
Published: July 2024

This article describes a general study of manganese-based oxygen carriers (OCs) in chemical looping (CL) processes between 2006 and 2023 through a careful bibliometric analysis. This was achieved through the selection of scientific articles and checking bibliometric parameters, highlighting the main challenges and the current state of this area of research. Using keywords, 426 documents were found on the Web of Science database and 65 of them were selected using the ProKnow-C method. Analysis of the main articles indicates that these materials have decreased friction rates and a low tendency to agglomerate in reactors with continuous fluidized beds. Furthermore, this study informs the possible optimization of the physicochemical properties of oxygen carriers, with emphasis on the oxygen transport capacity, reactivity, and friction rate. In addition, this research highlighted the great potential of synthetic manganese-based OCs for applications in CL processes.
РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ БЕЗПЕЧНІСТЮ НАССР ПРИ ВИРОБНИЦТВІ КАВИ НАТУРАЛЬНОЇ ЗЕРНОВОЇ
Authors: Ткаченко Н. А. , Чагаровський О. П. , Севастьянова О. В. , Хажанець О. В.
Published: July 2024

Анотація. На основі ґрунтовного аналізу технологічного процесу виробництва кави в зернах натуральної «Café crema» згідно «Дерева рішень» з метою зменшення біологічних, фізичних і хімічних небезпечних чинників розроблено схему управління безпечністю НАССР при виробництві цільового продукту на ТОВ «Орсо-Трейд» (м. Гостомель), яка передбачає впровадження 12 етапів (у т.ч. семи кроків НАССР).
Створено робочу групу НАССР із залученням діючих фахівців ТОВ «Орсо-Трейд» з потрібними знаннями і досвідом. Проаналізовано вимоги нормативних документів до показників якості кави натуральної в зернах; описано продукцію та методи її реалізації; встановлено призначення продукції. Побудовано блок-схему виробничого процесу кави смаженої зернової «Café crema» та підтверджено членами робочої групи НАССР правильність складеної діаграми процесу виробництва кави смаженої зернової на виробництві – ТОВ «Орсо-Трейд». Складено перелік потенційно небезпечних чинників, проведено їхній аналіз на основі «Дерева рішень». Розглянуто контрольні заходи, визначено дві критичні контрольні точки (ККТ), а також одну операційну програму передумов (ОПП) у технології кави смаженої зернової «Café crema»: ККТ 1 – на операції «Обсмажування зерен кави Арабіка: t = 219…221 ºС, τ = 16…18 хв.»; ККТ 2 – на операції «Обсмажування зерен кави Робуста: t = 225…227 ºС, τ = 18…20 хв.», ОПП 1 – на операції «Фасування кави в зернах (m = 1кг.)». Встановлено критичні межі для кожної ККТ: для ККТ 1 – температура обсмажування зерен кави Арабіка не нижче ніж +219°C, мінімальна витримка – 16 хв.; для ККТ 2 – температура обсмажування зерен кави Робуста не нижче ніж +225°C, мінімальна витримка – 18 хв. Встановлено коригувальні дії, систему моніторингу, документування та реєстрацію даних при впровадженні розробленої системи управління безпечності НАССР при виробництві кави смаженої зернової «Café crema» на ТОВ «Орсо-Трейд».
Визначено економічну ефективність впровадження розробленої системи НАССР при виробництві кави смаженої зернової «Café crema» на ТОВ «Орсо-Трейд»: термін окупності капітальних вкладень при впровадженні системи НАССР на підприємстві складе менше 3 місяців.
Comparative characteristics of different methods for electrophoretic determination of mono- and disaccarides using derivatization
Authors: Maliushevska A. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Kartsova L.A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

The following variants of electrophoretic determination of sugars with prior derivatization are considered in the article: reductive amination using p-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester (ABEE) and condensation with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP). Derivatization products were separated using capillary electrophoresis in both zone and micellar modes, and comparative estimate characteristics were obtained. The best efficiency (ca. 650 thousand theoretical plates), selectivity (2.1–2.4), and LOD (0.8–2.9 μg/mL) was observed for the separation of reductive amination products using micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). Optimization of derivatization conditions was performed for the reductive amination using the central composite experiment design. Additionally, LOD was lowered by the sample intracapillary concentration in sweeping mode, and sample enhancement factors (SEF) of 13–19 were achieved. A proof-of-concept possibility of the intracapillary reductive amination ensuring electrophoretic mobility of the derivatization reagent using detergent micelles as carrying agents was demonstrated. Both derivatization methods were applied for the analysis of baby food.
Economic Diplomacy of Socialism: Participation of Comecon Member Countries in the UN Conference on Trade and Development 1964
Authors: Yablokov Boris V. ,   Institute of World History RAS, Moscow
Published: July 2024

In the early 1960s, in the context of decolonisation, the contours of international trade underwent significant changes, leading to the need to review the principles of international organisations in the field of economic development. To this end, the first Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was convened in Geneva in 1964 at the initiative of the United Nations. On the basis of the archival materials of the Russian State Archive of the Economy, which are being introduced into scholarly circulation from the funds of the Office of International Economic Organisations of the United Nations of the Ministry of Foreign Trade of the USSR and the Foreign Trade Department of the COMECON Secretariat, the article examines the basic principles of the practical implementation of the economic diplomacy of socialism with reference to the participation of the member countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance in the UN Conference on Trade and Development in 1964. The united front of the COMECON member countries on the key issues of the agenda revealed serious contradictions in the camp of the Western countries and contributed to the strengthening of the influence of COMECON as an international organisation striving to make trade an instrument of economic development and to strengthen peaceful coexistence in the new realities of the post-colonial world order. Thus, the position adopted by the socialist countries during the conference clearly demonstrated the possibilities of economic diplomacy at the international level and gave the Soviet leadership every reason to use UNCTAD in the future as an important platform for defending the interests of the socialist countries, including in the struggle with the EEC for economic influence in the Third World. The development of the theme in question with the inclusion of previously unpublished documents from the Russian State Archive of Economic Diplomacy opens up a number of promising directions for research into the phenomenon of socialist economic diplomacy, and thus significantly expands the source base for the study of various aspects of socialist integration within the COMECON, including the mechanisms of economic decision-making at the international level in the context of interstate confrontation. The academic novelty of this study also lies in the fact that the participation of socialist countries in the activities of UNCTAD has so far received only fragmentary attention in Russian historiography.
Peacekeeping Efforts of the Organisation of African Unity in the Chadian Conflict of 1979–1987 Based on OAU Documents
Authors: Shipilov Alexander Yu. ,   Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Science,   RUDN University, Moscow
Published: July 2024

This paper studies the role the Organisation of African Unity played in the Chadian conflict (civil war and Libyan intervention) resolution process between 1979 and 1987. It focuses on the analysis of documents deriving from this organisation devoted to the matter in concern. Special attention is paid to the determining of the stages of OAU peacekeeping development and evolution in Chad, highlighting the differences among participant states in their approaches to conflict resolution and particular political forces involved in the conflict and partially reflecting the Cold War context. Emphasis is put on the matters of the extent to which the war in Chad was influenced by the global context of a standoff between the West and the Socialist blocs, the transformation of external actors’ policies towards Chad during the conflict, and the impact these changes had on the success of the peace-making efforts. The events in focus are the first case of a peacekeeping operation mandated and fielded largely by Africa’s key integration organisation as its track record significantly determined the further development of African peacekeeping efforts. Today this experience is crucial to the modern African Union and other relevant regional structures’ peacekeeping operations. The paper relies on a complex of general historic methods related to the introduction, analysis, and structuring of new information deriving from archival sources found in the collections of the Organisation of African Unity. The author also refers to publications by Russian and foreign scholars specialising in this field, simultaneously offering alterations to the narratives they previously introduced concerning the interpretation of the Chadian conflict events based on the source analysis conducted in this article.
Soviet Historical Studies in the Mirror of Personal Connections: Correspondence between K. E. Grinevich and S. F. Platonov (1927–1929)
Authors: Nepomnyashchy Andrey A. ,   V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol,   Sh. Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Kazan
Published: July 2024

Based on the materials of the personal fund of Academician S. F. Platonov kept in the department of manuscripts of the Russian National Library, the author restores Platonov’s communication with K. E. Grinevich (1891–1970), a major researcher, museum worker, archaeologist, and antiquarian. The entire set of extant letters from Grinevich to Platonov is introduced into scholarly circulation which has never been done previously. This helps restore the nuances of the preparation and conduct of several all-Union scientific events that consolidated the historical community of the epoch through the prism of personal and official messages. The author expands the history of the conference of archaeologists of the USSR in Sevastopol which took place in September 1927. The documents studied make it possible to reveal in a new way the activities of Grinevich as an administrator in the field of Soviet museology during his transfer to Moscow as deputy head of the museum department of the Narkompros of the RSFSR. The article also shows the collaboration of scientists in preparing the all-Union archaeological congress. The correspondence demonstrates a conflict of interest between the Main Directorate of Scientific Institutions of the People’s Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR, which issued Archaeological Excavation Permits for archaeological work, and the State Academy of the History of Material Culture, which provided scientific support for these studies. It is demonstrated that Grinevich did not stop contacts with Chersonese and Crimean academic science in general. This is evidenced by his active participation in the congress on the study of the productive forces of Crimea (1928) and his long visits to Chersonese during the archaeological seasons. Finally, the author demonstrates the career rise of a provincial museum worker and the change in the style of his communication with colleagues in Crimea and in the capitals in this regard.
British Identity in the 1990s–2020s in the Context of Multi- and Interculturalism
Authors: Karavaeva Dina N. ,   Institute of History and Archaeology UB RAS, Ekaterinburg, Zevako Yulia V. , Sozinova Ksenia A. ,   Institute of History and Archaeology UB RAS, Ekaterinburg,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg
Published: July 2024

This article presents the results of a study of the discourse of British identity formed between the 1990s and 2020s and includes, in addition to elements of “indigenous” British culture, foreign ethnic elements introduced by immigration — in the context of the development of multiculturalism and Islamic “immigration”. Following public discourse, groups or individuals who are qualified by British society as “other” or “low-ranking” because of religious beliefs, skin colour, or origin, even if we are talking about people who have British citizenship and have lived in Britain for several generations, are referred to as “immigrants”. The authors conduct an analysis of modern national and foreign historiography on the topic of research based on official documents, statistical data, media materials, and authorial ethnographic materials (including observation, in-depth interviews, testing) collected between 2010 and 2020 in England and Scotland, mainly among the Islamic population. For the contemporary UK, it is relevant to search for an adequate interracial and intersocial paradigm for a multicultural community. British society is actively discussing the question of the prospects of multiculturalism (or interculturalism) as the basis of the modern national identity of all British citizens. Such “Britishness” is rejected not only by “immigrants”, but also by “indigenous” Britons due to the vagueness, idealization, and negative connotative connection of this concept with imperialism and colonialism, and antagonism towards the priority of regional and local identities of the inhabitants of the country. The authors conclude that in the 1990s–2020s, for the “immigrant” population, “Britishness” remained the highest priority of the existing national or regional identities of England, Wales, and Scotland. However, modern attempts made by both the authorities of the country and the public to form positive ideas about each other among white Britons and members of foreign ethnic communities, despite some successes in comparison with other countries, have been subjected to destructive criticism from all groups of the British population due to the difficulty of integrating “immigrants” into British culture and British identity. In most post-industrial regions of the country, the proposed strategies for integrating communities today are perceived as ineffective or even utopian.
RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA BRASILEIRA À LUZ DA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL CRÍTICA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Gonçalves Lorrayne Isidoro , Unger Roberto José Gervásio , Carvalho Anna Cristina Calçada
Published: July 2024

Analisamos a produção acadêmica sobre o ensino de resíduos sólidos na educação básica brasileira a partir de uma revisão integrativa das publicações entre 2018 e 2022. Foram consultados o Portal de Periódicos CAPES, o Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações, o Google Acadêmico e os anais de eventos do ENPEC e CONEDU. As palavras-chave utilizadas para a busca foram: “lixo”, “resíduos sólidos”, “educação”, “ensino”, “escola”. Os temas foram categorizados pela análise temática de Braun e Clarke (2006) e as modalidades didáticas seguiram a classificação de Krasilchik (2004). Dos 931 estudos identificados, 109 abordaram experiências de ensino sobre resíduos sólidos na educação básica brasileira. Um terço dos estudos foi publicado em 2019 (33%), 42% foram realizados no Nordeste, 60% envolveram iniciativas no Ensino Fundamental e a escola pública foi o local da maioria dos trabalhos (84%). As experiências de ensino foram diversas, sendo em sua maioria, desenvolvidas por meio de aulas expositivas, aulas práticas e projetos em diferentes disciplinas. Gestão de resíduos e redução do consumo foram as principais categorias temáticas identificadas. Grande parte das práticas educativas abordou o ensino de resíduos sólidos de forma técnica; poucos trabalhos discutiram as causas socioeconômicas e culturais, bem como a responsabilidade coletiva da gestão dos resíduos. Uma abordagem contextualizada a cada realidade, envolvendo a comunidade escolar e o seu entorno, podem contribuir para promoção de práticas mais críticas e integradoras sobre os resíduos sólidos na escola.
Method for calculating lateral earth pressure on rigid anti-slip piles with EPS inclusions
Authors: Wang Shi , Wang Junjie , Chen Yuyan , Zhang Yufang
Published: July 2024

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) inclusions are placed between rigid anti-slip pile-free sections and slopes, causing soil displacement and transforming the lateral earth pressure from a static to an active state. This study proposes a calculation method for estimating the lateral pressure on rigid anti-slip piles with EPS inclusions based on the deformation coordination of the rigid pile–EPS geofoam–soil composite system and soil-arching effect behind the pile using the polar coordinate translation and oblique differential-unit methods. A Flac3D numerical model, designed to verify the theoretical results and analyse the effect of load reduction due to EPS inclusions, confirmed the validity of the proposed calculation method. The load-reduction effects of EPS inclusions were positively and negatively correlated with the thickness and elastic modulus of the EPS specimen, respectively. Finally, three EPS-inclusion design methods are proposed: specimens manufactured by the first two methods facilitate both the load-reduction effect and poor economic efficiency, whereas those manufactured by the third method show excellent load reduction with economic efficiency. The results of this study contribute significantly towards research on EPS inclusions that could facilitate high-performance engineering and construction applications.
Should dentists perform independent jaw wiring for weight loss? A principlist analysis
Authors: Gardner J , Miniggio HD
Published: July 2024

This article presents an ethical analysis for the practice of jaw wiring as an independent weight loss intervention by dentists. The four foundational principles of autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence and justice serve as a framework for evaluating the ethical dimensions of the practice, and whether it can be justified. The ethical analysis of this weight loss procedure requires dentists to debate the potential benefits with possible harms, while respecting the autonomy and desires of the patient. While patients possess a fundamental right to autonomous decision-making, conceding to their autonomy is not absolute and dentists need to balance their decisions with considerations of beneficence and nonmaleficence. The ethical analysis concludes that dentists who refuse requests to independently perform jaw wiring for purely weight loss purposes are ethically justified within the principlist framework when the principles of nonmaleficence and beneficence are at stake. The wellbeing and health of the patient, as well as professional obligations, justify their refusal.
Commercial Tara Protein: Functional properties and use to stabilize sacha inchi oil emulsions obtained by ultrasound
Authors: Sulca-Vásquez Jhajaira Angelitha , Vélez-Erazo Eliana Marcela , Pasquel-Reátegui José Luis , Mendieta-Taboada Oscar Wilfredo
Published: July 2024

Commercial tara protein (CTP) and sacha inchi oil are promising Peruvian products for forming food emulsions. The present work aimed (1) to characterize the functional properties of CTP as a new protein source (water and oil absorption, foam, and gelling capacity) and (2) to deepen the CTP to form sacha inchi oil emulsions. The CTP (2%, 4%, 6%) and oil concentration (15%, 20% and 25%) were evaluated for rotor-stator (RS) emulsion production. Final emulsions (RS-US) were produced with RS emulsions added with 2% tara gum and ultrasound homogenization at 75% power amplitude for 3 min. Emulsions were analyzed according to gravitational stability, droplet size, and optical microscopy. The results showed that the CTP presented a centesimal composition of 6.03% moisture, 45.16% proteins, 12.32% lipids, 2.49% fiber, 6.04% ashes, and 27.96% carbohydrates. CTP had a greater oil absorption (2.1442 ±0.26 g/g solids) than water absorption (1.8201 ±0.02 g/g solids), did not present foam formation, and the least gelation concentration was 18%. RS-US emulsions prepared with 25% oil and 2% or 4% protein had greater stability against the creaming index and phase separation during 4h, despite emulsion prepared with 15% oil presenting the lowest mean droplet size. In conclusion, the results show that commercial tara protein effectively prepared emulsions with a combined method (rotor-stator, ultrasound, and tara gum).
RNA Isolation of Human Synovium and Fat Pad Tissues v1
Authors: Lorenzo Gomez Irene , Olmer Merissa , Lotz Martin
Published: July 2024

This protocol demonstrates how to perform RNA isolation from AllProtect preserved or fresh snapfrozen human synovium and fat pad tissues.
RNA Isolation of Human Osteochondral, Subchondral Bone and Cartilage Tissues v1
Authors: Hageny Ann-Marie , Olmer Merissa , Lotz Martin
Published: July 2024

This protocol demonstrates how to perform RNA isolation from fresh snapfrozen Human Osteochondral Tissue, Subchondral Bone and Cartilage tissues.
Dendritic spine analysis v1
Authors: Chen Chuyu
Published: July 2024

Haloperidol is reported to induce a series of homeostatic synaptic and intrinsic adaptations primarily in the indirect pathway circuits. These adaptations include dendritic spine loss in iSPNs, which occurs after 5 days and persists for up to 14 days of daily treatment. We examined the haloperidol-induced dendritic spine density patterns in iSPNs after 7 days of treatment
Identifikasi Zona Mineralisasi Emas di Desa Bhakti Mulya Kabupaten Bengkayang Menggunakan Metode Polarisasi Terimbas (Induced Polarization)
Authors: Cornelius Esau , Muhardi Muhardi , Perdhana Radhitya , Muliadi Muliadi , Zulfian Zulfian
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi zona mineralisasi emas berdasarkan sebaran nilai resistivitas dan chargeability di Desa Bhakti Mulya, Kabupaten Bengkayang. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat Automatic Resistivity and IP System (ARES) dengan metode polarisasi terimbas konfigurasi dipol–dipol. Pengukuran dilakukan pada 4 lintasan dengan panjang masing-masing 72 m, dan spasi elektroda sejauh 3 m. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Res2Dinv. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai resistivitas dan chargeability bawah permukaan daerah penelitian masing-masing sebesar 3,00 Ωm – 18.897 Ωm dan 7,00 msec – 537 msec. Hasil interpretasi menunjukkan zona mineralisasi emas diduga berasal dari endapan aluvial yang berada pada kedalaman lapisan 3 m – 20 m. Lapisan bawah permukaan pada daerah penelitian tersusun atas  lempung, lempung  pasiran, pasir, dan kerikil.
Analisis Parameter Orbit Bintang di Dekat Lubang Hitam SgrA* dan Implikasinya dalam Astronomi
Authors: Pandara Dolfie Paulus , Nasution Budiman , Alfaris Lulut , Muhammad Aldi Cahya , Nurahman Arip , Siagian Ruben Cornelius
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini menjelaskan parameter-parameter orbit bintang yang mengelilingi lubang hitam di galaksi SgrA*. Data dari penelitian sebelumnya digunakan untuk menghitung rata-rata dan akurasi pengukuran parameter-parameter seperti jarak, eksentrisitas, kemiringan orbit, dan periode orbit. Selain itu, parameter orbit bintang lainnya juga dicatat, yang memberikan wawasan lebih lanjut tentang dinamika galaksi SgrA*. Hasil perhitungan teoretis menunjukkan variasi yang signifikan dalam parameter-parameter ini, mengenrich pemahaman kita tentang bintang-bintang yang berinteraksi dengan lubang hitam. Penemuan ini memberikan kontribusi berharga dalam ilmu astronomi dan fisika bintang, mengisi celah penelitian sebelumnya, dan membuka pintu untuk penelitian lebih lanjut. Kesimpulannya, penelitian ini menggambarkan keragaman dalam sifat fisik dan dinamika bintang-bintang yang mengorbit lubang hitam, mendalamkan pemahaman kita tentang fenomena di sekitar lubang hitam.
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Authors: Redaksi Dewan
Published: July 2024

Daftar isi
Cover
Authors: Fisika Wahana
Published: July 2024

Sampul dan Daftar isi
Improving early strength and durability of eco-friendly mortars: Investigating the influence of limestone filler fineness and blast furnace slag combination
Authors: Noui Ammar ,   Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Sciences and Technology University Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi of Bordj Bou Arreridj ElAnasser 34030 Algeria, Belkadi Ahmed Abderraouf , Zeghichi Leila , Kessal Oussama , Bouglada Mohammed Sallah , Achour Yacine , Gomes João Castro ,   Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Sciences and Technology University Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi of Bordj Bou Arreridj ElAnasser 34030 Algeria,   Department of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Mohamed Khider University Biskra Algeria,   Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Sciences and Technology University Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi of Bordj Bou Arreridj ElAnasser 34030 Algeria,   Department of Civil Engineering Batna 2 University Algeria,   Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Sciences and Technology University Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi of Bordj Bou Arreridj ElAnasser 34030 Algeria,   C-MADE Centre of Materials and Building Technologies Covilhã UBI University Portugal
Published: July 2024

This study investigates eco-friendly approaches for enhancing the early mechanical strength and durability of mortars utilizing slag. a byproduct of the steel industry. Mortars incorporating slag often exhibit inferior strength and durability compared to those made with cement. The objective is to ameliorate these properties through the incorporation of limestone filler (LF) and granulated ground blast furnace slag (BFS) at varying proportions. either independently or in combination. The physical properties (gas permeability). mechanical properties (compressive and flexural strength at 2. 7. 28. 365. 1095 days). and durability (HCL chemical attack and carbonation) of the resultant mortars were assessed. along with their microstructure using scanning electron microscopy and mercury porosimeter. Experimental findings indicate that the inclusion of LF enhances the initial strength of ternary mortars containing 10-17.5% LF and 10-25% BFS. while subsequent hydration of BFS yields mortars with comparable or superior compressive strength and resistance to chemical attack (HCL) relative to the reference mortar after 365 days