bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RECENT IMPROVEMENTS OF THE OPTICAL AND THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF THE PARABOLIC TROUGH SOLAR COLLECTOR SYSTEMS
Authors: Al-Rabeeah Asaad Yasseen , Seres István , Farkas István
Published: April 2022

Parabolic trough solar collectors (PTSCs) are commonly used for applications that reach a temperature of up to 500 °C.  Recently, improving the efficiency of PTSCs has been the focus of research because PTSCs have advantages, such as cost and size reduction and improved optical and thermal performance.  This study summarizes relevant published research on the preparation, properties and experimental behavior of the optical and thermal properties of PTSCs. Analyzing of the thermal modeling method presents a steady and transient heat transfer analysis.  Optical efficiency depends on material properties, such as mirror reflectance, glass cover transmittance, receiver absorption–emission, intercept factor, geometry factor and incidence angle. Also analyzed and discussed are the models used in computational fluid dynamics to study the physical properties of PTSCs. Lastly, studies on PTSC performance and enhancement, including novel designs, enhancement of passive heat transfer and laden flows of nanoparticles inside the absorber tube, are presented and examined separately. Nanofluids have illustrated their advantages and ability to increase heat transfer rates. Moreover, other works that aimed to enhance the optical and thermal efficiency of PTSCs are evaluated.
Facial Emotion Recognition using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: R Arvind , S P Dhanush Gowda , Prajapati Bhaskar , Khan Ikram Nawaz , V Prof. Swaathie
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Humans use their facial expressions to communicate their emotions, which is a strong tool in communication. Facial expression identification is one of the most difficult and powerful challenges in social communication, as facial expressions are crucial in nonverbal communication. Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is just an important study topic in Artificial Intelligence, with numerous recent experiments employing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The emotions that have grown in the face image have a significant impact on judgments and debates on a variety of topics. Surprise, fear, disgust, anger, happiness, and sorrow are the six basic categories in which a person's emotional states can be categorized according to psychological theory. The automated identification of these emotions from facial photos can be useful in human-computer interaction and a variety of other situations. Deep neural networks, in particular, are capable of learning complicated characteristics and classifying the derived patterns. A deep learning-based framework for human emotion recognition is offered in this system. The proposed framework extracts feature with Gabor filters before classifying them with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The suggested technique improves both the speed of CNN training and the recognition accuracy, according to the results of the experiments. Keywords: convolutional neural network (CNN), Gabor filter
E-BOOK EKONOMI BERBASIS KOMIK DIGITAL SEBAGAI MEDIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: Kurnia Aang
Published: April 2022

The aim of economic e-book development based digital comics is as a medium to improve learning outcomes. The development stage employed Borg and Gall’s model consisting of 10 stages and this development is limited to the eighth stage: large-scale tryout. The e-book tryout stage was conducted through expert validation and tryout with students. The instruments used in this research were questionnaire and test. The method used was pretest posttest control group design. Considering the result of t-test, it could be found that the posttest value of experiment class was better (84.29), while that of control class was only 79.80. Furthermore, in the effectiveness test on digital comic-based economy e-book using t-test withy IBM SPSS 20 software help, it could be seen that the significance value was 0.000 and this value was less than 0.05, meaning that H1 was supported. This value was confirmed with tstatistic of 3.804 > ttable of 2.021. It suggested that the mean score of learning outcomes for experiment class students was better that that for control ones and it could be concluded that the digital comic-based economy e-book effectively improved the students’ learning outcome.
PROBLEMATIKA PENDIDIKAN DALAM MASA COVID-19, DITINJAU DARI ASPEK PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR
Authors: Aslinda  , Tristanto Aris
Published: April 2022

This paper is literary or library research (library research). In general, this aim is to provide an overview of how the problem of education is during a pandemic. Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a new type of disease that has never been previously identified in humans. WHO is warning governments in all countries to increase preparedness to prevent the danger of an outbreak. Responding to this, President Joko Widodo invited the Indonesian people to get used to doing activities from home. Activities meant between working, studying, and remembering from home. Following up on the president's invitation, MTsN Padang panjang  has a policy related to learning from home. In carrying out BDR activities through courageous media, MTsN Padang panjang  has problems such as: 1) The pedagogical competence of being brave for educators is not sufficient. 2) The internet network is unequally strong. 3) Increased internet quota costs for both educators and students. Therefore, a more massive special effort is needed to overcome this problem. In general, this paper aims to provide an overview of the problems of education during the Covid-19 period. In addition, this paper is expected to provide benefits in terms of scientific development, and increase knowledge about education during the Covid-19 period.
ESTILO DE VIDA DOS IDOSOS DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL: ESTUDO COMPARATIVO
Authors: Podmelle Rubenyta Martins , Zimmermann Rogério Dubosselard
Published: April 2022

O envelhecimento populacional ocorre mais intensamente nos países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil. Com isso, as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis começam a apresentar maior expressão, tendo o estilo de vida alta importância na prevenção e tratamento dessas doenças. Atualmente, a população idosa do Nordeste apresenta proporção igualmente elevada se comparada ao percentual nacional, no entanto, a produção de dados sobre o estilo de vida na região é escassa. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar o estilo de vida de idosos dos estados do Nordeste de acordo com consumo alimentar, atividade física, uso de álcool e tabagismo, a partir dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013 (PNS 2013). Para isso, foi elaborado estudo analítico, descritivo e de corte transversal, a partir de dados secundários sobre estilo de vida da PNS 2013. Conforme os resultados, houve diferença significativa entre os estados com relação a todos os indicadores alimentares estudados e em relação ao tabagismo. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa (p > 0,05) entre os estados do Nordeste em relação ao uso excessivo de álcool, nem em relação aos indicadores concernentes à atividade física. Observou-se que o Maranhão foi o estado com mais resultados positivos quando comparado aos demais, enquanto Sergipe teve mais resultados insatisfatórios. O estilo de vida dos idosos do Nordeste apresenta-se com valores considerados regulares entre os estados, pois as categorias demonstraram prevalências frequentemente próximas da média regional. Os dados obtidos neste estudo fortalecem a importância de estratégias direcionadas a idosos que oportunizem a adoção de um estilo de vida saudável.
INFLUÊNCIAS DO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA NAS RELAÇÕES FAMILIARES: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Fonseca Larissa Kathlem Rodrigues , Marques Izabela Carolina de Lima , Mattos Mússio Pirajá , Gomes Daiene Rosa
Published: April 2022

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é entendido como um atraso global do neurodesenvolvimento, o que exige da família o seu ajuste tanto em relação à dinâmica familiar quanto ao meio social, a fim de propiciar um ambiente que contribua para uma melhor qualidade de vida do sujeito. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se identificar as influências do TEA nas relações familiares. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura realizada por meio da busca de artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados Pub- Med, Science Direct e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, através da conjugação dos descritores “Autism Spectrum Disorder” e “Family Relations” no período de janeiro de 2000 a abril de 2017. Foram incluídos 17 artigos na revisão. Identificou-se o aumento do estresse, ansiedade, depressão, queixas de sintomas físicos (dor nas articulações, fraqueza, insônia) e sobrecarga, sendo as mães mais acometidas. Além disso, interferências nas relações entre irmãos, bem como na relação conjugal, dificuldade de acesso a serviços de saúde, transporte, lazer, educação e problemas financeiros são influências do TEA nas relações familiares. Conclui-se que o TEA gera impactos nas relações familiares por exigir reestruturação desde o convívio inicial com a criança. Contudo, acredita-se que essas influências possam ser amenizadas pelas estratégias de enfrentamento, como a construção compartilhada de cuidados e estímulo ao fortalecimento da rede social de apoio a família.
SAÚDE BUCAL NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DO PERÍODO DE 1950 A 2019
Authors: Morais Hannah Gil de Farias , Barros Joyce Magalhães de , Silva Weslay Rodrigues da , Santos André Azevedo dos , Galvão Maria Helena Rodrigues
Published: April 2022

A trajetória das políticas públicas de saúde bucal no Brasil foi historicamente caracterizada como um longo processo de rupturas e continuidades. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre os modelos assistenciais e políticas públicas de saúde bucal no Brasil desenvolvidas ao longo do período de 1950 a 2019. Desenvolveu-se mediante o método qualitativo, consistindo em uma revisão integrativa da literatura. O tema abordado baseou-se em evidências bibliográficas e documentos públicos produzidos por setores estratégicos do governo. Os primeiros modelos assistenciais em saúde bucal implementados no Brasil se configuravam como excludentes, elitistas, mutiladores e pouco resolutivos. Apenas em 1994 o Ministério da Saúde criou o Programa Saúde da Família (PSF), incluindo, em 2001, as Equipes de Saúde Bucal (ESB) na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Diante da falta de uma política nacional efetiva para a saúde bucal, a Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal (PNSB), conhecida como Brasil Sorridente, foi criada em 2004, e em 2011, a Política Nacional de Atenção Básica (PNAB) foi aprovada. Ao ser revisada em 2017, a equipe de saúde bucal foi excluída da equipe multiprofissional mínima. O cenário histórico da saúde bucal no Brasil é caraterizado por dois momentos distintos, em que inicialmente houve evolução dos modelos assistenciais em saúde bucal, seguido pela exclusão da saúde bucal no contexto de saúde da família.
ADEQUAÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE INDICADORES DE ASSISTÊNCIA FARMACÊUTICA NO SISTEMA PENITENCIÁRIO
Authors: Flora Sheila Manoela , Possagno Gerusa Clazer Halila , Baldissera Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi , Girotto Edmarlon
Published: April 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver indicadores de estrutura, processo e resultados da assistência farmacêutica (AF) penitenciária e validá-los segundo a forma e conteúdo. Para isso, o desenvolvimento metodológico constituiu-se pela elaboração de um painel de indicadores da AF prisional. A elaboração do instrumento de trabalho e a validação de seu conteúdo e forma foram realizados com a utilização da técnica Delfos. Para a inclusão dos indicadores, foi considerada uma concordância entre os especialistas selecionados de 80,0%. O grupo foi composto por dez farmacêuticos que atuam em áreas ligadas à AF. O primeiro instrumento elaborado e submetido a julgamento contemplava 114 indicadores (52 de estrutura, 49 de processo e 13 de resultado). Foram necessárias três rodadas para definição da estrutura, forma e conteúdo dos indicadores, totalizando 50 indicadores validados (28 de estrutura; 16 de processo e 6 de resultado). Os resultados refletem a opinião de especialistas na área e o consenso obtido, validando os indicadores construídos. O uso da técnica Delfos foi pertinente, pois não há dados históricos relacionados ao tema e a opinião de profundos conhecedores da temática proporciona a construção de uma linha de ação coerente e confiável.
Sequelas em crianças nascidas com microcefalia associadas à infecção congênita pelo zika vírus: avaliação clínica na atenção básica
Authors: Pinto José Reginaldo , Silva Júnior Geraldo Bezerra da , Costa João Breno Cavalcante , Araújo Aparecida Maria de , Olímpio Anny Caroline dos Santos , Santos Artur Keyler Teixeira
Published: April 2022

Na epidemia de arbovírus, ocorrida em 2016 no Brasil, verificou-se que a ocorrência da infecção pelo Zika vírus na gravidez tinha relação com o nascimento de crianças com microcefalia. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar como foram realizadas as avaliações clínicas multiprofissionais em crianças com microcefalia associadas à infecção por Zika vírus na atenção básica. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, documental, de dois casos de crianças nascidas com essa anomalia, filhos de mães que tiveram sorologia positiva para viremia durante a gestação, no estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil. A coleta de informações foi efetuada em 2017 por meio de anotações de prontuários realizadas por uma equipe do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Os resultados foram apresentados em quadros sinópticos, divididos em informações sobre os cuidados de pré-natal da progenitora e dos neonatos pela equipe multiprofissional. Os resultados demonstraram que as mães tiveram Zika vírus por confirmação laboratorial. As crianças apresentaram deformidades anatômicas cerebrais compatíveis com o diagnóstico de microcefalia. A anomalia ocasionou sequelas neuropsicomotoras, que interferiram no aleitamento materno, percepção visual e auditiva, comprometendo o crescimento normal dos recém-nascidos. Concluiu-se que as falhas no acompanhamento pré-natal das progenitoras podem ter interferido no desfecho do parto, acarretando consequências para o período neonatal dos bebês avaliados.
Instrumento de retorno ao trabalho de trabalhadores da SESAB expostos ao Sars-CoV-2: uma construção coletiva
Authors: Pinho Maria Cecília Paes , Silva Sônia Maria Sales da , Frank Mônica Hupsel , Andrade Cátia Andrade Silva de
Published: April 2022

Trabalhadores da saúde são mais expostos à contaminação pelo SARS-Cov-2. Na Bahia, cerca de 10% dos casos notificados no e-SUS VE, em 2020, são de trabalhadores da saúde. A Secretaria da Saúde do Estado da Bahia (Sesab) criou o Centro de Testagem e Atendimento Covid-19 (CTA), para diagnóstico da infecção e avaliação do retorno ao trabalho de seus trabalhadores. Para tanto, verificou-se a necessidade de um instrumento padrão, que subsidiasse as decisões médicas para o retorno imediato ou prorrogação do afastamento. Este relato descreve a experiência de construção coletiva de instrumento de avaliação clínica de retorno ao trabalho de trabalhadores após infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2, utilizando análise documental, revisão bibliográfica e diálogo entre a equipe. No instrumento, foram incluídas as seguintes variáveis: identificação, vínculo empregatício, notificação nos sistemas previdenciários, comorbidades, sintomas no diagnóstico e retorno, medicações usadas, internamento, entre outras. Foram atendidos 754 trabalhadores no período: a maioria de mulheres (60,0%); com idade entre 31 e 60 anos (79,69%); 20,16% profissionais da enfermagem; 18,04% administrativos, e 7,82% policiais militares. Quanto ao vínculo de trabalho, 37,14% eram servidores públicos estatutários e 34,48% eram trabalhadores terceirizados. A utilização do instrumento agilizou o atendimento, identificando os não aptos ao retorno imediato ao trabalho e determinando a alta com segurança. O estudo demonstra a importância do conhecimento do perfil dos trabalhadores atendidos e da avaliação contínua do processo de trabalho em saúde, centrado na atenção ao usuário e na sistematização da coleta de informações nos serviços de saúde, para subsidiar a tomada de decisões e o uso responsável dos recursos.
Planejamento em saúde no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Santos Maria Aparecida , Landim Edivânia Lucia Araujo Santos , Farias Tércio Santana de
Published: April 2022

O planejamento se configura numa importante ferramenta para a gestão do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Uma das diretrizes do planejamento do SUS consiste em formular Planos de Saúde (PS) e Programações Anuais de Saúde (PAS), a partir das necessidades de saúde da população, e em face da emergência em saúde pública de importância internacional decorrente do novo coronavírus (Sars-CoV-2), o Governo Federal recomendou, por meio de normativas pactuadas nas instâncias colegiadas, revisitar o PS e PAS para avaliar a aderência desses instrumentos aos esforços dos governos subnacionais para o enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever o processo de readequação dos instrumentos de planejamento e gestão, com vistas ao enfrentamento da pandemia decorrente do novo coronavírus (Sars-CoV-2) no estado da Bahia, em observância às diretrizes políticas que norteiam o planejamento do SUS. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-observacional, cujo processo ocorreu em cinco fases, no período de junho de 2020 a abril de 2021. Como resultante desse processo, foram incorporadas aos instrumentos de planejamento governamental e do SUS uma nova meta e uma iniciativa correspondente, bem como criou-se um Sistema de Planejamento e Gestão em Saúde (SPGS) para monitorar a operacionalização do Plano Estadual de Contingência para Enfrentamento do Novo Coronavírus. O planejamento em saúde se constitui num ato vivo, processual, portanto, numa prática técnica e política permeável às situações de contexto, e que requer a participação dos mais distintos atores, tendo como norteadoras as necessidades de saúde da população, seus determinantes e condicionantes.
Hipoplasia de medula óssea: manifestação atípica do hipertireoidismo
Authors: Lucia Carolina Vitória de , Santana Nina Maia , Khouri Nadia de Andrade
Published: April 2022

Alterações hematológicas, como anemia ou pancitopenia, podem ser manifestações atípicas do hipertireoidismo. Embora a maioria dos casos de pancitopenia na doença de Graves seja decorrente do uso de drogas antitireoidianas – tionamidas –, ela também pode estar associada ao quadro de hipertireoidismo não tratado e, assim, se manifestar como uma complicação grave. Este estudo tem como objetivo relatar o caso de uma paciente portadora de hipertireoidismo que evoluiu durante o internamento por pancitopenia secundária à doença primária. As informações foram obtidas por meio da revisão do prontuário, entrevista com a paciente e revisão da literatura. Trata-se de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 39 anos, internada em um hospital de Salvador por apresentar um quadro de edema em membros inferiores que evoluiu progressivamente para anasarca por 45 dias. Associados ao quadro, a paciente apresentava perda ponderal, dispneia paroxística noturna, taquicardia, sudorese e calafrios, além dos exames laboratoriais terem apresentado pancitopenia. O caso relatado demonstra uma manifestação atípica e rara do hipertireoidismo, que melhorou após o início do tratamento e do estado de eutireoidismo.
Sangramento gastrointestinal em paciente portador de síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber: relato de caso
Authors: Falcon Hugo Cardoso de Souza , Santana Nina Maia , Farias Daniel Santana , Khouri Nadia de Andrade
Published: April 2022

A síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber, ou telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditária (THH), é uma doença autossômica dominante de penetrância variável que altera a camada muscular e elástica da parede dos vasos sanguíneos, causando neles grande fragilidade e dilatação e tornando-os suscetíveis a sangramentos secundários, a traumatismos e malformações arteriovenosas (MAV) – sendo elas as mais comuns no cérebro, nos pulmões e no trato gastrointestinal e hepático. Este relato de caso tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sobre essa síndrome, bem como a respeito da melhor terapia e do melhor manejo para sangramentos gastrointestinais por angiectasias. Trata-se de uma paciente de 62 anos de idade, com episódio de hematêmese e melena recorrentes, que foi admitida instável hemodinamicamente e com queda importante dos níveis de hemoglobina, necessitando de múltiplas transfusões sanguíneas. Após entrevista clínica, que chamou a atenção para o histórico familiar de quadros similares, epistaxes recorrentes associados ao exame físico e angiectasias gástricas à endoscopia digestiva alta, foi atribuído o diagnóstico de síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber. Angiectasias foram erradicadas com terapia endoscópica usando plasma de argônio. A THH é uma doença subdiagnosticada que merece atenção especial por conta do seu risco de causar hemorragias graves com expressão fenotípica mais aflorada com o avançar da idade. Por seu cunho hereditário, faz-se necessário um acompanhamento médico linear com a família para evitar complicações secundárias da doença, bem como para o manejo adequado de suas apresentações.
Yield Performance Evaluation of Arabica Coffee Progenies Resulted from Three Way Cross Method
Authors: Akbar Miftahur Rizqi , Wibowo Ari , Sumirat Ucu , Nugroho Dwi , Fuad Anshori Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Breeding for high yielding, pest and disease resistance, and good quality Arabica coffee is the direction of the coffee breeding program in Indonesia. Threeway cross-breeding method becomes the alternative method to improve plant genetics to achieve those goals. This research was aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance and grouping of Arabica coffee genotypes from three-way cross progeny. This study was conducted in Andungsari Experimental Station, Bondowoso, East Java from July until September 2021. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used as an experimental design. It consisted of eight Arabica genotypes resulting from three-way cross method and one check variety (Andungsari 1) as treatments. The tested genotypes were resulted from crossing parents i.e. S 1934, AB 3, RC, YC, S 795, and Catimor that was planted in 1997. The results of the agronomic performance evaluation showed that TWC (Tree Way Cross) 2 ((S 1934/AB 3 x AB 3) x AB 3) and TWC 3 (RC/S 795 x Catimor) had good agronomic characteristics i.e. weight of 100 cherries and cherry weight per tree. While grouping using heatmap clustering method showed that there were three groups of genotypes. One of the groups which consisted of TWC 1 ((S 1934/AB 3 x AB 3) x S 1934), TWC 2 ((S 1934/AB 3 x AB 3) x AB 3), and TWC 5 (S 1934/YC x S 1934) were categorized as moderate yield group.
Assessing the Impact of Illegal Small-Scale Mining (Galamsey) on Cocoa Farming and Farmer Livelihood: A Case Study in the Amansie West District of Ghana
Authors: Osman Najat , Tennyson Afele John , Nimo Eunice , Gorleku David Ofoe , Ofori Louisa Adomaa , Abunyewa Akwasi Adutwum
Published: April 2022

Cocoa and gold are significant contributors to the gross dormestic product of Ghana which makes both commodities key parts of the Ghanaian economy. Unfortunately, in Ghana, most cocoa-growing communities are the hub of illegal small-scale mining commonly known as galamsey. It is alleged that cocoa farmerssell their farmlands for galamsey; however, given that cocoa farming is the primary source of income for many households in rural Ghana. This research aimed at investigating the motivations for galamsey and how the practice impacts cocoa farming and the environment as well as farmer livelihood. The study was undertakenin Amansie West District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana where both cocoa farming and illegal mining operations coexist. The data for the study was collected using structured questionnaires. Cocoa farmers were purposively selected as respondents in two cocoa-growing communities. Data were obtained from 90 purposively sampled respondents through snowballing. Data collected were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Scientist software. The results revealed that cocoa farmers face challenges due to galamsey such as; labour shortages, water pollution, competition for land amongst others. Also, cocoa farms, especially those downslope, get flooded whenever it rains as a result of uncovered galamsey pits near farms and cause black pod disease, early dropping of immature pods and stunted growth which ultimately reduce the output of cocoa farms. Farmers revealed that this affected their source of income adversely since the majority of them mainly depend on cocoa farming for their livelihood. They also reported a loss of green space and land degradation as some environmental hazards posed by galamsey. Information gathered from tenant farmers revealed that it is mostly landowners who give out their lands for galamsey. The major reasons that encourage galamsey were identified as higher short-term income, financial problems (40%) due to unemployment, and poor cocoa yield (26%).
А Local Drama (an Episode From the Life of Mid-19th Century Moscow Tatars)
Authors: Khayretdinov D. Z.
Published: April 2022

The article deals with an episode from the life of Moscow Tatars in 1841–1842, associated with the theft from the house of inﬂuential Tatar merchant M. Abdulov. The main themes of research are Tatar Muslim (separate ethno- confessional) community in Moscow in general, and religious life in Zamoskvorechye district, role of imams, everyday life of mid-19th century Muscovites, cases of Muslims christianising, in particular. For the ﬁrst time in Russian Muslim Studies the author uses some unpublished documents of the Central State Archive of Moscow and the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
On Al-Bī rū nī ’s Translation Strategy: on the Arabic Translation of the Sanskrit Text of the Yoga-Sū tras by Patañjali
Authors: Pskhu R. V.
Published: April 2022

The Khorezm encyclopedist Abū Reyhān Muhammad bin Ahmad al- Bīrūnī (973–1048) is one of the most famous thinkers and scholars in the Muslim world. But only few people still know on his Arabic translation from Sanskrit of the second part of which is published below — “Kitāb Bātanjali al- Hindī” (“The Book of the Hindu Patanjali”). Before us is an Arabic exposition or transcription of “Yoga- Sūtras” of Patañjali, along with an explanatory commentary. The text is dated to the ﬁrst quarter of the XI century, starting, obviously, from the chronology of the Indian campaign of Mahmud of Ghazni, with whose army the author came to India. The Arabic text of Bīrūnī is so reader- oriented that it is practically devoid of any “Indian” or scientiﬁc speciﬁcs, which, by the way, is often an insurmountable obstacle in translations to the perception of the source text and its spiritual impact on the reader. In the few studies of this text, one can ﬁnd the statement that “Kitāb Bātanjali” by al- Bīrūnī is an Arabic translation of the Sanskrit text of Patañjali, which is absolutely not true. The only thing that can be noted is the formal structural correspondence of al- Bīrūnī’s paraphrase to Patañjali text: the text contains a division into four parts, but at the same time includes an extensive prologue, which is not in original Patañjali’s text. Al- Bīrūnī uses adialogical format, while Patañjali text is aset of sūtras, aphoristic sayings that are convenient for memorizing by heart, but require a detailed commentary for their understanding.
On Some Aspects of Foreign Historiography on State-Muslim Relations in the USSR
Authors: Ahmadullin V. A.
Published: April 2022

An analysis of the works of foreign authors on the problem of state- Muslim relations in the Soviet state shows the possibility of their classiﬁcation on various grounds. The article gives several options for the author’s classiﬁcation of works of foreign researchers studied state- Muslim relations in the Soviet Union not only during the existence of this state, but also after its collapse. One of the motives that guided the author during the preparation of the article is the belief in the importance and urgent need to draw the necessary lesson for the Russian Federation — its authorities and the scientiﬁc community. The need to formulate such a lesson is due to the fact that in the works of a signiﬁcant number of foreign scholars who analyze state- Muslim relations in the Soviet state, there is a number of negative trends: the substitution of concepts, the lack of a veriﬁed source base, conclusions one-sidedly characterizing the religious policy of the Soviet state in general and state- Islamic relations in particular. At the same time, despite the collapse of the USSR, authors from various foreign countries continue to be interested in the history of its state- Muslim relations. The most striking content of these works, published in recent years by foreign authors, is analyzed in the article, along with works published back in the years of the existence of the USSR.
Islamic Education in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Speciﬁcity and Prospects of Development
Authors: Begalinova K. K.
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the role and place of Islamic education in the multi- confessional Kazakh society. It is shown that Islam has been one of the essential factors in the development of Kazakh culture, education and science for many centuries. Taking into account the peculiarity of Kazakhstan as a state with a historically big Muslim population, the traditions of religious tolerance, as well as the penetration of various extremist organizations into the country, the government decided to train domestic specialists in Islamic studies within the country, to open Islamic universities and faculties. One of the ﬂagships of Islamic education is the International Kazakh- Turkish University named after H. A. Yasawi, Nur- Mubarak International University, Al- Farabi Kazakh National University and others. Many major universities in the country open educational programs in Islamic studies and Islamic theology.
Introduction to the Tafsir of Tabari. Translation from Arabic and Commentary. Part 2
Authors: Frolov D. V. , Zaripov I. A.
Published: April 2022

This publication presents the second part of the commented translation into Russian of the Introduction (muqaddima) to the tafasir “Jami‘ al-bayan fī ta’wil al-Qur’an” [The Comprehensive Exposition of the interpretation of the Qur’an] by Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari (839–923). It contains sections dedicated to tafsir. The fi rst of them enumerates three aspects (wujūh) of the interpretation of the Qur’an — (1) the part, which only God knowns — eschatological ayats; (2) the part, whose interpretation is possible only with the support of prophetic traditions — ayats of the Law; and (3) the part, which might be understood by everyone who knows the language of the Qur’an. In the two following sections, groups of traditions about the admissibility and inadmissibility of exegesis are compared. On bases of their analysis, the theologian approves the legitimacy of tafsir. The last section lists the “praiseworthy” and “reprehensible” early commentators on the Holy Scriptures of Islam.
A LUTA PELA BÍBLIA EM VERNÁCULO NA IDADE MÉDIA:
Authors: Kors Michel Mario
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo pretende tratar das traduções da Bíblia medieval em vernáculo, com ênfase na primeira tradução em neerlandês. Tratamos inicialmente das traduções da Bíblia para a língua vernácula até o século XI, período no qual os projetos de tradução tinham patrocínio de imperadores e papas. A situação mudou bastante depois da Reforma Gregoriana, nos séculos XI-XII, quando a produção dos manuscritos foi racionalizada e a formação espiritual dos leigos ganhou mais importância. Somente a partir do século XIII, as traduções da Bíblia foram feitas para alcançar um público mais amplo. Esse é também o caso da primeira versão neerlandesa em prosa, do ano 1361. Ela foi comissionada por um cidadão de Bruxelas, Bélgica, e o tradutor foi um monge cartuxo, nomeado Petrus Naghel (†1395). Analisamos o perfil do tradutor e mostramos como a tradução foi contestada, por vários motivos, durante a segunda metade do século XIV.
PENTECOSTAIS E O DEMONÍACO NA REALIDADE SOCIOPOLÍTICA
Authors: Albano Fernando
Published: April 2022

Como é amplamente reconhecido, a afirmação de que “crente não se mete em política” é coisa do passado, pois hoje há uma forte presença das igrejas pentecostais na esfera sociopolítica, inclusive partidária. Porém, esta participação pentecostal opera com categorias maniqueístas de pensamento, assim como a partir da noção de “batalha espiritual” e da noção do demoníaco, que de certa forma não ajuda no exercício da cidadania. Como caminho metodológico se recorrerá principalmente à reflexão de Amos Yong, importante teólogo pentecostal que tem se ocupado com a interface entre fé pentecostal e esfera pública. O presente artigo defende a legitimidade da participação sociopolítica das igrejas, mas também que o seu aperfeiçoamento passa pela ampliação da sua noção de demoníaco, principalmente na esfera sociopolítica. O autor defende que as igrejas pentecostais precisam desenvolver uma ética teológica voltada para a esfera pública. Esta seria caracterizada pela humildade, consciência da presença da ambiguidade no seio pentecostal e agenda política compatível com o Estado Democrático de Direito.
Evolutionary constraints could hamper adaptation to climate change in a forest herb
Authors: Daele Frederik Van , Honnay Olivier , Kort Hanne De
Published: April 2022

Climate change is increasingly impacting temperate forest ecosystems and
many forest herbs might be unable to track the changing climate due to
dispersal limitations. Forest herbs with a low adaptive capacity are
prone to climate change effects and may benefit from conservation
strategies mitigating dispersal limitations and evolutionary
constraints, such as assisted migration. To assess the vulnerability of
forest herbs to climate change it is key to evaluate their adaptive
potential and to quantify the genetic offset. To this end, we quantified
climate change vulnerability metrics using single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) along a latitudinal gradient of the
self-incompatible deciduous forest herb Primula elatior. Southern
populations displayed a sharp genetic turnover and a considerable amount
of local adaptation under diversifying selection was discovered.
However, most of the outlier loci could not be linked to climate
variables (71%) and were likely related to other local adaptation
drivers, such as photoperiodism. Furthermore, specific adaptations to
climate extremes, such as drought stress, could not be detected.
Populations in the south of the distribution area had high sensitivity
to climate change due to a low adaptive capacity and a moderate genetic
offset, while central European populations were sensitive due to a high
genetic offset. We conclude that assisted migration with southern source
populations could bear significant risk due to local maladaptation and a
low adaptive capacity. Local admixture and restoration of ecological
connectivity to increase the adaptive capacity and assisted range
expansion to suitable habitat in the north could be advised as potential
mitigation strategies.
Identification of vacuolar phosphate influx transporters in Brassica napus
Authors: Han Bei , Wang Chuang , Wu Tao , Yan Junjun , Jiang Aosheng , Luo Yu , Cai Hongmei , Ding Guangda , White Philip , Liu Yu , Dong Xu , XU Fangsen , Wang Sheliang , Shi Lei
Published: April 2022

Recent progress has shown that vacuolar Pi transporters (VPTs) are
important for cellular Pi homeostasis against external Pi variations in
Arabidopsis and rice, while it is poorly understood for the identity and
regulatory mechanism of VPTs in Brassica napus ( B.
napus). Here, we identified two vacuolar Pi influx transporters
BnA09PHT5;1b and BnCnPHT5;1b in B. napus and uncovered their
necessity for cellular Pi homeostasis through functional analysis.
BnPHT5;1bs are the homologs of Arabidopsis AtPHT5;1 with the similar
sequence, structure, tonoplast localization, and VPT activity.
BnPHT5;1b double mutants had smaller shoot growth and higher
shoot cellular Pi than the wild-type B. napus, which are largely
different from the report in At PHT5;1 mutant, suggesting
PHT5;1-VPTs play a distinct mechanism of cellular Pi homeostasis in
seedlings of B. napus and Arabidopsis. By contrast,
disruption of BnPHT5;1b genes slowed vegetative growth
accompanied by Pi toxicity in floral organs, reduced seed yield and
impacted seed traits, agreeing with the role of AtPHT5;1 in floral Pi
homeostasis. Taken together, our studies identified two vacuolar Pi
influx transporters in B. napus and revealed the distinct and
conserved regulatory mechanisms of BnPHT5;1bs in cellular Pi homeostasis
in this plant species.
Functional characterization of the three Oryza sativa SPX-MFS proteins in maintaining phosphate homeostasis
Authors: Guo Runze , Zhang Qi , Ying Yinghui , Liao Wenying , Liu Yu , Whelan James , Chuanzao Mao , Shou Huixia
Published: April 2022

Plant vacuoles serve as the primary intracellular compartments for
phosphorus (P) storage and play a central role to maintain P
homeostasis. The Oryza sativa (rice) genome contains three genes
that encode SPX (SYG1/PHO81/XPR1)-MFS (Major Facility Superfamily)
proteins (OsSPX-MFS1, 2, 3). OsSPX-MFS1 and OsSPX-MFS3 were shown
previously to have vacuolar phosphate (Pi) transporter activities, but
the physiological role of the three transporters under varying P
conditions and under field grown conditions for a crop plant is not
known. To address this knowledge gap, we generated single, double, and
triple mutants (7 mutants with at least two lines of each) for the three
rice Os SPX-MFS genes. All the mutants except osspx-mfs2
display lower vacuolar Pi concentrations and all Os SPX-MFSs
overexpression plant lines display higher Pi accumulation, demonstrating
that all three OsSPX-MFSs are vacuolar Pi influx transporters.
OsSPX-MFS3 plays the dominant role based on the phenotypes of three
single mutants in terms of growth, vacuolar and tissue Pi
concentrations. OsSPX-MFS2 is the weakest and only functions as vacuole
Pi sequestration under osspx-mfs1/3 background. The vacuolar Pi
sequestration was severely impaired in osspx-mfs1/ 3 and
osspx-mfs1/2/ 3, which led to Pi toxicity and subsequently
increased Pi allocation to aerial organs. High Pi in the panicle result
in necrotic symptoms on husks and impaired panicle and grain development
in osspx-mfs1/ 3 and osspx-mfs1/2/ 3 mutant
lines. The mutation in the weak vacuolar Pi transporter OsSPX-MFS2
resulted more stable yield compared to the wildtype under low P field
conditions. The results suggest that alteration of vacuolar Pi
sequestration may be a novel effective strategy to improve rice (crop)
tolerance to low phosphorus field conditions and maintain yield.
Multispecies models for population dynamics: Progress, challenges and future directions
Authors: Marquez Jonatan , Vriend Stefan , Simmonds Emily G. , Henriksen Marie V. , Sandal Lisa , Gamelon Marlène , Coste Christophe , Hovstad Knut , Lee Aline Magdalena
Published: April 2022

Understanding how population dynamics are influenced by species
interactions and the surrounding community is crucial for addressing
many ecological questions, but requires modelling of complex systems
involving direct, indirect and often asymmetric species interactions.
Progress in developing multispecies models that can tackle this task is
being made in multiple subfields of ecology, often with varying
approaches and end goals but also facing shared challenges. We review
some of the main challenges and the ways in which they are being
addressed, highlighting a wide variety of methods that can support the
development of multispecies models for understanding population
dynamics. The main challenges that we examine are estimation of species
interactions from limited data, the necessity of simplifications, and
handling uncertainty in complex, multispecies models. In addition to
reviewing a wide variety of approaches and methods for dealing with
these challenges, we discuss future directions and make suggestions for
how we believe the development of multispecies models for understanding
population dynamics can move forward more efficiently.
A prediction model based on functional mitral regurgitation for the recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF) after post-circular pulmonary vein radiofrequency ablation (CPVA)
Authors: Sheng Jingyu , Yang Zhenni , Xu min , Meng Jun , Gong Mingxia , Miao yuxia , Yang Ling
Published: April 2022

【Abstract】Aim To construct a prediction model based on
functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) in patients with paroxysmal atrial
fibrillation (PAF) for predicting atrial fibrillation recurrence after
the post-circular pulmonary vein radiofrequency ablation (CPVA).
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 289 patients with PAF who
underwent CPVA for the first time . The patients were randomly divided
into modeling group and verification group at the ratio of 75:25. In the
modeling group, the multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze
and construct a prediction model for post-CPVA recurrence in PAF
patients, which was then validated in the verification group.
Results (1) After 3-6 months of follow-up, the patients were
divided into sinus rhythm group (252 cases) and recurrence group (24
cases); (2) In the modeling group, the age, LAD(left atrial diameter)
and degree of MR (mild, moderate, severe) were higher in recurrence
group than that of the sinus rhythm group, and the left atrial appendage
emptying velocity (LAAV) was lower in recurrence group (all
P<0.05). (3) A model for predicting the recurrence of
PAF after radiofrequency ablation was constructed in the modeling group.
The equation was: Logit(P) = -3.253 + 0.092 × age + 1.263 × mild MR +
2.325 × moderate MR + 5.111 ×severe MR - 0.113 × LAAV. The area under
the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.889 in modeling group and 0.866 in
verification group, and the difference was not statistically significant
( P>0.05). Conclusion: The prediction model
of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after CPVA in PAF patients has
good predictive efficacy, high specificity and accuracy.
Ultra-fast Spectroscopy for High-Throughput and Interactive Quantum Chemistry
Authors: Bosia Francesco , Weymuth Thomas , Reiher Markus
Published: April 2022

We present ultra-fast quantum chemical methods for the calculation of
infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectra designed to provide fingerprint
information during autonomous and interactive explorations of molecular
structures. Characteristic spectral signals can serve as diagnostic
probes for the identification and characterization of molecular
structures. These features often do not require ultimate accuracy with
respect to peak position and intensity, which alleviates the
accuracy–time dilemma in ultra-fast electronic structure methods. If
approximate ultra-fast algorithms are supplemented with an uncertainty
quantification scheme for the detection of potentially large prediction
errors in signal position and intensity, an offline refinement will
always be possible to confirm or discard the predictions of the
ultra-fast approach. Here, we present ultra-fast electronic structure
methods for such a protocol in order to obtain ground- and excited-state
electronic energies, dipole moments, and their derivatives for real-time
applications in vibrational spectroscopy and photophysics. As part of
this endeavor, we devise an information-inheritance partial Hessian
approach for vibrational spectroscopy, a tailored subspace
diagonalization approach and a determinant-selection scheme for
excited-state calculations.
African Studies Centres Around the World
Authors: Fendler Ute
Published: April 2022

The book “African Studies Centres Around the World – A Network-Based Inventory” compiles a selection of contributions by the directors of eleven African Studies centres from four continents. They comprise Africa’s oldest centre on the continent, at the University of Cape Town, the European centres in Bordeaux, Lisbon and Hradec Králové and the two North American Universities of Florida and Indiana. Central and South America’s contributions to African Studies is represented by the centres in San José, Costa Rica, Santiago de Cuba and Salvador da Bahia, Brazil. The Asian centres are located at Jawaharlal University in Mumbai, India, and at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies in Seoul, South Korea. The eleven chapters show the very diverse history of the centres, explaining their different structures, underpinning the need for more exchange and collaborative research. The volume presents some aspects of the ongoing critical reflections on the historical and political development of African Studies in various parts of the world, disseminating first-hand knowledge while the chapters encourage to open the exchange and collaboration across regional, disciplinary and academic boundaries.
Modus of Killer Profiling in Nordic Crime Series
Authors: Bjelajac Željko , Filipović Aleksandar
Published: April 2022

Criminal investigators, scientists, mental health experts, and the media have always studied serial killings. Since Jack the Ripper in the late 1800s, and even today, attempts have been made to understand the complex issues surrounding the investigation of serial murders and the motives for these horrific acts. The topics of serial killings are attracting too much attention from the media, academia, and the general public. Nordic crime series make a special contribution to identifying and analyzing many issues related to serial killings including common myths, definitions, typologies, pathology and causality, media role, prosecution issues, organization of investigations, and especially through the affirmation of forensic psychology and criminal profiling. We believe that scientific papers dealing with this topic can be useful in generating an effective response in identifying, investigating, and reaching verdicts, and strengthening the collective ability to understand, respond and act preventively to prevent these violent and serious crimes.
Subjectivity of Women’s Body on Tiktok
Authors: Kumalasari Ratna
Published: April 2022

Tiktok has become very popular among people from various backgrounds, but especially among women. Although they can use Tiktok for a variety of activities, many women use Tiktok to show off their dances. This study argues that Tiktok application provides a medium for women to articulate their interpretation of their body that is limited by dominant discourses (especially around beauty) yet simultaneously liberating from everyday constraints. Through Tiktok, women show off their understanding of women’s bodies freed from the gendered prescriptions. This freedom of interpretation can be understood as women’s becoming the subject of their bodies. This study attempts to argue that in women’s embodiment in Tiktok, where women’s body is in contact with technology, the body has transformed its meaning into the posthuman body, to the extent it frees itself from the limitations of the body as bound to physiological function and fixed meanings.
Nasionalisme Parsial dalam Film Nawi Ismail
Authors: Lestari Umi
Published: April 2022

Artikel ini membahas isu nasionalisme parsial dalam karya-karya film Nawi Ismail. Penulis memeriksa bagiamana film Nawi Ismail membicarakan identitas kebangsaan dalam kerangka Lacanian. Tujuannya adalah untuk menjabarkan cara Nawi Ismail menunjukkan proses pembentukan identitas bangsa sekaligus menunjukkan batasannya. Ada tujuh film yang dianalisa dalam artikel ini. Pembahasan dalam artikel ini terbatas pada pembentukan tatanan simbolik, penjabaran fantasi, dan penghadiran jouissance. Tujuh film Nawi Ismail yang dibahas dalam artikel ini menyiratkan bahwa fantasi memiliki batasannya sendiri. Identitas bangsa yang total itu mustahil karena tatanan simbolik selalu memiliki lack.