bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Francisco Eugenio Bustamante: científico y sabio paradigmático
Authors: Castro Romero Ana V. , Cepeda Bernal Geraldine , Colantuono Colina Paola A. , Cascioli Olivares Giuliana P. , Ochoa Barrientos Édixon J.
Published: January 2021

La presente investigación propone analizar el aporte filosófico, político, académico y científico de Francisco Eugenio Bustamante para el desarrollo de la sociedad zuliana de finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX, mediante una revisión documental y el empleo de categorías para el análisis de la información obtenida. Se evidenciaron las aportaciones del personaje sujeto de estudio, que trascendieron las circunscritas ordinariamente al área médico-científica, por cuanto los planteamientos filosóficos, políticos y académicos formulados por Bustamante influyeron tácitamente en las ideas y mentalidades de las generaciones de su tiempo y las subsiguientes. Por ello, se concluye que la figura histórica de Francisco Eugenio Bustamante fue clave y fundamental para el desarrollo sociocultural del estado Zulia.
Anomalous Stellar Populations in Low-surface-brightness Galaxies
Authors: Schombert James , McGaugh Stacy
Published: January 2021

We present new Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 near-IR observations of the color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) in two low-surface-brightness galaxies, F575-3 and F615-1, notable for having no current star formation based on a lack of Hα emission. Key features of the near-IR CMDs are resolved, such as the red giant branch (RGB), the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) region, and the top of the blue main sequence. F575-3 has the bluest RGB of any CMD in the literature, indicating an extremely low mean metallicity. F615-1 has unusually wide RGB and AGB sequences, suggesting multiple episodes of star formation from metal-poor gas, and possibly infalling material. Both galaxies have an unusual population of stars to the red of the RGB and lower in luminosity than typical AGB stars. These stars have normal optical colors but abnormal near-IR colors. We suggest that this population of stars might be analogous to local peculiar stars like Be stars with strong near-IR excesses owing to a surrounding disk of hot gas.
Pueraria tuberosa as Dipeptidyl-Peptidase-IV Inhibitor Prevents Streptozotocin-Induced Intestinal Stress
Authors: Srivastava Shivani , Pandey Harsh , Singh Surya Kumar , Tripathi Yamini Bhusan
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Enhanced expression of PTY-2 dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) has been found to improve has been found in various intestinal diseases. Pueraria tuberosa tuber water extract-2 (PTY-2) is already known to have DPP-IV inhibitory potential. At the mRNA level, this inhibition has not yet been investigated. Increased incretin secretion due to inhibition of DPP-IV could lead to the suppression of stress and apoptosis of intestinal cells.
AIM: In this research, we tried to study the antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and DPP-IV inhibitory effect of PTY 2 against intestinal damage induced by STZ.
METHODS: We found morphological damage to the intestine following streptozotocin (STZ) injection (65 mg/kg bw) in male Charles foster rats through histological examination. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and DPP-IV mRNA expressions were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and cell apoptosis was examined by tunnel assay and Bcl 2 immunoexpression.
RESULTS: In STZ-induced diabetic control, the number and length of villi were decreased, but these damages were reversed by 10 days of PTY-2 treatment. SOD expression was found to be decreased whereas DPP-IV expression was enhanced with significant intestinal cell apoptosis in the diabetic control group. Treatment with PTY-2 decreases stress by upregulating SOD expression and by downregulating the expression of DPP-IV. These PTY-2 recoveries contribute to the suppression of apoptosis in the intestinal cells.
CONCLUSION: The protective action of PTY-2 against STZ mediated intestinal damage is demonstrated by these short studies. Therefore, PTY-2 may be taken as a herbal remedy for diabetes-induced intestinal damages.
Deklina zgodba? Zgodbe migrantk, ki niso obstale pred zidovi
Authors: Mlekuž Jernej
Published: January 2021

Zgodbe migrantk, ki spregovorijo v pričujočem sklopu, govorijo o družbah, kulturah, skupnostih, ki so jim migrantke pripadale. A govorijo tudi o tem, kako so v teh družbah, kulturah, skupnostih izstopale. Bile so, kot lahko beremo v objavljenih člankih, zavedne pripadnice svoje narodne skupnosti, a so hkrati s svojim delom tudi presegale nacionalne okvire in z zanimanjem in naklonjenostjo spoznavale, odkrivale in raziskovale nove nacionalne, nadnacionalne in druge prostore. Bile so precej drugačne od večine vrstnic. Niso živele vlog mater, gospodinj, kraljic doma, temveč predvsem vloge antropologinj oziroma raziskovalk staroselskih ljudstev (dr. Branislava Sušnik), slikark (Bara Remec) in misijonark ter pisateljic (Marija Sreš). Tudi kot antropologinje, slikarke, misijonarke in pisateljice niso bile »tipične« (karkoli že ta sum­ljivi pridevnik pomeni) predstavnice svoje poklicne vrste, temveč so bile, kot boste brali, »drugačne« antropologinje, slikarke, misijonarke in pisateljice svojega časa. Z razkrivanjem odstopanj naših junakinj bi lahko še nadaljeval, a to boste, bralke in bralci, v prispevkih brali sami.

Sklop, ki je pred vami, obeležuje 100-letnico rojstva dr. Branislave Sušnik. Nastal je v ciljnoraziskovalnem projektu »Dr. Branislava Sušnik in sodobniki – ambasadorji slovenske znanosti v Južni Ameriki« (ARRS, V6-1925) in raziskovalnem programu »Narodna in kulturna identiteta slovenskega izseljenstva v kontekstu raziskovanja migracij« (ARRS, P5-0070). Prispevkoma o življenju in delu slovenske antropologinje v Paragvaju smo dodali še zgodbi v Argentini živeče slikarke Bare Remec in misijonarke ter pisateljice Marije Sreš, ki je velik del življenja preživela v Indiji. Enkratne zgodbe žensk so tako v skupni družbi zasijale v novih oblačilih.
Zamolčana znanstvenica: Doprinos dr. Branislave Sušnik k raziskovanju staroselskih kultur Paragvaja
Authors: Marija Mojca
Published: January 2021

Članek predstavi življenjsko zgodbo slovenske emigrantke dr. Branislave Sušnik in oceni njeno znanstvenoraziskovalno delo na področju zgodovinske antropologije, etnografije, etnolingvistike in muzeologije Paragvaja. Izpostavi pomembnost njenih raziskav na področju amerikanistike in odmevnost njenega dela v paragvajski družbi. Opozori tudi na nekorekten odnos slovenske stroke do njenih znanstvenih dosežkov. Slovenska etnologija in kulturna antropologija do zdaj nista uspeli ovrednotiti njenega znanstvenega dela. V zaključku članek zato predlaga strokovno in osebno pripoznanje dr. Sušnikove, prevode njenih ključnih del in njihovo vključitev v dediščino slovenskih znanstvenih dosežkov.
Identitetne transformacije v migracijskih procesih: Prelivajoča se pripadnost Kanadčanke slovensko-italijanskih korenin
Authors: Strle Urška
Published: January 2021

Članek na podlagi življenjske zgodbe Anne Urbancic, dolgoletne profesorice italijanskih študij na Univerzi Toronto, zrcali identitetne transformacije. Rekonstrukcija njene zgodbe temelji na intervjuju, v katerem osvetljuje svojo kompleksno priseljensko dediščino, in na njenih različnih premišljevanjih o svoji kulturni identiteti v Kanadi. Njene pripovedi iz zadnjih dveh desetletij kažejo na istovetenje kot stalno spreminjajoči se proces, ki v veliki meri nastaja iz notranje percepcije zunanjega sveta. Pri tem sta najpomembnejši njena humanistična miselnost in izostrena družbena senzibilnost.
Knjižna ocena - Anna Mazurkiewicz (ur.), East Central European Migrations During the Cold War: A Handbook; Berlin in Boston, De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2019, 430 str.
Authors: Zobec Miha
Published: January 2021

Knjiga zgodovino migracij v vsaki od držav Srednje in Vzhodne Evrope podaja v zgoščeni obliki, zato niti ni mogoče pričakovati, da bi se avtorji posameznih prispevkov spuščali v poglobljeno pojasnjevanje migracijskih procesov. Ne glede na to pa knjiga da vedeti, da migracije niso obstranski, ampak ključni del zgodovine tega dela celine, ki jo je bolj kot priseljevanje zaznamovalo izseljevanje. Knjiga je dragocen doprinos k poznavanju preteklosti »druge Evrope«, z navedbo pomembnejšega arhivskega gradiva in literature na koncu razdelka o vsaki državi pa je tudi opora pri nadaljnjem raziskovanju. S seznanjanjem o izseljevanju v času komunistične zaprtosti, ki ga je vsaj ponekod zaznamoval tudi beg pred kremeljskimi tanki, nas opominja, da so države na to preteklost pri oblikovanju današnjih migracijskih politik očitno pozabile.
Comment savoir si c’est de l’art ? Le cas des jeux vidéo
Authors: Krajewski Pascal
Published: January 2021

Se demander si le jeu vidéo est un art reviendrait sans doute à se demander s’il a accouché d’œuvres d’art ou s’il est susceptible de créer des sentiments esthétiques. Faisant le tour des différents discours de légitimation qui ont eu cours, nous pouvons observer un large panel de plaidoyers : l’enrôlement dans un contexte artistique institutionnel, l’analogie avec des arts connexes reconnus, l’intégration dans un système des beaux-arts élargi, l’identification de marqueurs universels de l’art, l’élection de (proto) chefs d’œuvres ou la mise en avant de principes compatibles avec l’art.Cependant, aucune de ces méthodes ne pourra convaincre le détracteur, et Walter Benjamin pourrait fournir une attitude plus sage et pragmatique : faire comme si le jeu vidéo était un art – pour voir ce qu’il fait à notre sensibilité.
Diaspora, de/reterritorialization and negotiation of identitary music practices in “La Rumba de Pedro Pablo”: a case study of Cuban traditional and popular music in 21st Madrid
Authors: Flores Iván César Morales
Published: January 2021

The dance and music project known as “La Rumba de Pedro Pablo” brings those who are interested in Cuban popular music face to face with a revitalized field of study. The re-significance of Caribbean cultural codes that shows its growing hybridization of music-dance genres and styles (son, timba, flamenco, jazz, rock, reggaeton…) reveals the complex dynamics of negotiation encountered by rumba –one of the most representative practices of the cultural and musical Cuban heritage- in its adaptation to a new space of welcome: the 21st century Madrid music scene. The interest of the present text is centered, on the one hand, on the conditions that give origin to this transterritorial project, founded in Madrid in 2010 and, on the other hand, on the discursive treatment that it provides to the Cuban rumba as an artistic, festive and de-territorialized dance-music manifestation. With this aim, we have conducted personal interviews with Pedro Pablo Rodríguez, founder and director of the project and we have also consulted weekly journals and newspapers as well as theoretical proposals of authors such as Frith (1996), Brah (2002), Braziel and Mannur (2003), Fabbri (2006), García Canclini (2008) and Haesbaert (2013).
Entre a família e a comunidade: uma análise comparativa das sociabilidades de imigrantes e descendentes de italianos e poloneses por meio da fotografia de grupo no Paraná, Brasil.
Authors: Scarpim Fábio Augusto
Published: January 2021

Este artigo aborda o uso da fotografia de grupo como fonte histórica para compreender as relações sociais, as representações e os discursos sobre a vida familiar e comunitária de imigrantes italianos e poloneses e seus descendentes no Paraná, mais precisamente nas colônias das cidades de Araucária, Campo Largo, Curitiba e Colombo, entre as décadas de 1910 e 1950. O escopo de análise se dará a partir de fotografias produzidas no âmbito familiar e comunitário, ou seja, fotografias que retratam momentos específicos da vida social de imigrantes e descendentes. Para isso foram selecionadas fotografias que têm como tema as relações familiares e sociais. Além destas trazerem fragmentos de imagens dos ambientes onde foram feitas: as casas (no seu interior e exterior), o mundo do trabalho, a paróquia, a comunidade entre outros. Pretende-se fazer uma análise comparativa entre os dois grupos étnicos, de modo a identificar semelhanças e especificidades já que os imigrantes poloneses e italianos eram vizinhos de colônia ou chegaram a dividir o mesmo espaço. Também, apresentam características comuns: emigraram em famílias para se dedicar à agricultura na sociedade receptora no mesmo contexto histórico (final do século XIX), foram instalados em colônias rurais, eram católicos portadores de práticas religiosas específicas e se organizaram em torno de comunidades étnico-religiosas com base em referências culturais e simbólicas da sociedade ancestral.
Determinants of productivity variation and technical efficiency of tea small holders in the low country of Sri Lanka
Authors: Shyamalie H. W. , Pilapitiya H. M. C. G. , Karunarathna B. M. N. C. , Nadeeshani K. W. N.
Published: January 2021

Tea is produced in Sri Lanka by the estate sector and smallholdings sector. Currently, tea smallholders contribute to 75% of the total tea production in the country. The highest extent of smallholder owned tea lands are accumulated in the low country (<300 m amsl), covering Ratnapura, Galle and Matara districts. Although the productivity of tea smallholdings sector appears comparatively higher than the estate sector, there is an extensive gap between the lowest and the highest productivity values. The objectives of this study were to identify the determinants of productivity variation and to determine the technical efficiencies of tea smallholders in the low country of Sri Lanka. A field survey was conducted for primary data collection from 300 tea smallholders representing 68 tea inspector regions. Data were analyzed by FRONTIER 4.1 and the stochastic frontier production function was estimated for both Cobb-Douglas and Trans log models. The Trans Log model fitted the best, in explaining the determinants compared to the Cobb-Douglas model. The direct effects of hired labour, family labour, fertilizer and chemical were statistically significant (P<0.05) in the stochastic frontier, and the coefficients for these factors were 0.07, 0.12, 0.0.95 and -0.01, respectively. The average technical efficiency was 68.81% (range: 15% to 93.43%). The possibility of increasing output, without increasing the existing level of input was 31.19%.
Adverse effects of climate change-induced temperature and water stress on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety Suwandel
Authors: Amarasinghe K. I. C. , Jayakody L. K. R. R. , De Silva C. S.
Published: January 2021

Climate change due to temperature increment and fluctuations in rainfall has adverse effects on plants and animals. Due to these factors growth and yield of plants are drastically declined. The present study attempted to determine the impact of temperature stress water stresses that would occur as a result of climate change on rice (Oryza sativa L.), selecting the variety Suwandel AC 579 as the model plant. The growth and yield parameters of Suwandel were measured at harvest to determine the impact of temperature stress and water stress, after exposing the rice plants to four treatments, viz. T1: temperature stress, no water stress, T2: temperature stress, water stress, T3: no temperature stress, no water stress (control), and T4: no temperature stress, water stress. The rice plants exposed to temperature stress showed significantly low values (P<0.05) for the height (T1: 75.7±2.68cm and T2: 69.34±3.5 cm) and chlorophyll content (T1: 32.66±0.97 and T2: 24.32±2.53). The yield parameters such as number of productive tillers per plant, number of grains per plant, number of filled grains per plant and test weight showed a significant decline on exposure to temperature and/or water stress further revealing that the rice variety Suwandel will not grow and yield successfully under the predicted climate change. As rice is the staple food of majority of people in the world, in order to meet the demand, high yielding new varieties which are able to overcome the expected climate changes such as increase in temperature and water scarcity have to be developed through breeding programmes.
NK Cell–Derived IL-10 Supports Host Survival during Sepsis
Authors: Jensen Isaac J. , McGonagill Patrick W. , Butler Noah S. , Harty John T. , Griffith Thomas S. , Badovinac Vladimir P.
Published: January 2021

The dysregulated sepsis-induced cytokine storm evoked during systemic infection consists of biphasic and interconnected pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. The contrasting inflammatory cytokine responses determine the severity of the septic event, lymphopenia, host survival, and the ensuing long-lasting immunoparalysis state. NK cells, because of their capacity to elaborate pro- (i.e., IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory (i.e., IL-10) responses, exist at the inflection of sepsis-induced inflammatory responses. Thus, NK cell activity could be beneficial or detrimental during sepsis. In this study, we demonstrate that murine NK cells promote host survival during sepsis by limiting the scope and duration of the cytokine storm. Specifically, NK cell–derived IL-10, produced in response to IL-15, is relevant to clinical manifestations in septic patients and critical for survival during sepsis. This role of NK cells demonstrates that regulatory mechanisms of classical inflammatory cells are beneficial and critical for controlling systemic inflammation, a notion relevant for therapeutic interventions during dysregulated infection-induced inflammatory responses.
Intravesical Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection Therapy in Neurological Patients
Authors: Apostolidis Ioannis , Papaefstathiou Efstathios , Ioannidou Eleni , Georgopoulos Petros , Mytilekas Konstantinos-Vaios , Kalaitzi Marina , Apostolidis Apostolos
Published: January 2021

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to present real-life data on the efficacy and safety of the intravesical injection of the approved dose of 200U BOTOX in patients with drug-resistant incontinence of neurogenic etiology. Available literature is relatively limited.

Materials and Methods:

We analyzed routinely collected prospective data from the treatment of patients with neurogenic drug-resistant incontinence who attended an academic neurourology outpatient clinic. All patients received at least one intravesical injection of 200U BOTOX, following urodynamic confirmation of neurogenic detrusor overactivity while recording the presence of urinary tract infection (UTI). Patients were followedup at 6 and 24 weeks with urodynamic retests. This protocol was followed with each repeat treatment, while recording the relapse time of incontinence.

Results:

Forty-nine patients (28 males, 21 females, mean age 47.04 ± 14.16 years) were treated; 18 (36.7%) suffered from spinal cord injury, 12 (24.54%) from multiple sclerosis, and the rest from other neurological conditions. Fifteen received a 2nd Botox treatment, 10 a 3rd, 6 a 4th, and one a 5th and 6th session. Forty-two (85.7%) patients had urodynamically proven incontinence and in 14 (28.6%) an UTI was identified before the first treatment. Subjective cure of incontinence was recorded in 73.7% of patients after the first treatment. There was no correlation of gender, neurological diagnosis, or presence of UTI before the BOTOX treatment with the persistence of incontinence. The median relapse time after the first two treatments was 6 (interquartile range = 5) and 10.5 months, respectively (P = 0.31). Significant improvements were recorded urodynamically in maximum cystometric capacity after each treatment (P < 0.001) and in maximum detrusor pressure after the first session compared to baseline (P < 0.05, Bonferonni correction). The presence of UTI did not affect the incontinence relapse time or urodynamic changes after initial treatment.

Conclusions:

In the present cohort, intravesical administration of 200U BOTOX achieved complete cure of neurogenic drug-resistant incontinence in a significant proportion of patients with sustained clinical and urodynamic changes after each repeat injection.
Partial Orchiectomy
Authors: Kyriazis Jason , Dimitriou Dimitrios , Karavitakis Markos , Thanos Anastasios
Published: January 2021

Aim of the Study:

The aim of this study is to review our collective experience with partial orchectomy due to testicular tumors in a secondary hospital of Greece.

Materials and Methods:

In total four young patients with relative indications for a partial orchectomy (single testis and/or tumors <2 cm in diameter, patient consent for a close follow-up, negative tumor markers) underwent partial orchiectomy in our institution. All operations were performed under clamping of the spermatic cord, and postoperative period was uneventful.

Results:

Pathology examination revealed one case of Sertoli cell only tumor, one patient with testicular cancer of mixed pathology (embryonal and teratoma), one case of organized hematoma, and one case with focal atypical inflammation. Patients underwent a close follow-up protocol. The patient with the mixed tumor was subjected to adjuvant chemotherapy with BEP (bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin). The patient with atypical inflammation had a single testis due to a history of contralateral seminoma. During follow-up, he developed local tumor recurrence and underwent orchiectomy that revealed the presence of seminoma. The patient was set under testosterone replacement therapy.

Conclusions:

Partial orchiectomy represents a safe treatment option in the management of small testicular tumors. A benign pathology in up to 50% of cases should be expected. In case of both malignant and benign pathologies, a close follow-up is deemed necessary for the timely recognition of local recurrences in case of insufficient cancer eradication.
EXAMINATION OF RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURE AND COMPLIANCE AMONG LISTED GHANAIAN BANKS
Authors: Mawutor John Kwaku Mensah
Published: January 2021

This study examined the compliance level of IAS 24, “Related Party Disclosures” of banks in Ghana and determined some firm specific characteristic that influence the level of disclosure. Using the quantitative research approach, the study was conducted on thirteen banks in Ghana constituting 56% of the entire population. Secondary data was obtained from annual reports of the banks and related published articles. The study again identified the most common type of related party transactions done by Banks in Ghana. Findings revealed that the level of compliance with IAS 24 among Banks in Ghana is relatively low. The study again found that Board Size, Company Size, Type of Auditor, Listing, and profitability has a positive influence on the level of disclosure. Findings also revealed that only Company Size is statistically significant with the level of compliance of IAS 24 among Banks in Ghana.

JEL Classification Codes: A19, B10, B25, C10, C53.
From activated charcoal to selective plasma exchange: A retrospective analysis of mushroom poisoning cases treated in the intensive care unit
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Gülbahar , ÇİZMECİ Elif Ayşe , ÜNLÜ Nurdan , KELEBEK GİRGİN Nermin , ISCİMEN Remzi , KAHVECİ Ferda Şöhret
Published: January 2021

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate presenting symptoms, clinical and laboratory findings, and treatment modalities of adult patients presenting with mushroom poisoning treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) with special consideration of extracorporeal liver support systems.

Materials and methods: Records of patients with mushroom poisoning treated in the ICU between January 2007 and December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: Sixteen adult patients were treated in the ICU for mushroom poisoning during the designated study period. Presentation to the hospital was most common during October of each year. Average time from ingestion of mushrooms to first symptoms was 17.81 hours, and to ICU admission was 2.38 days. The most common symptoms were nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The most common laboratory finding was elevation of liver transaminases. In cases with elevated liver transaminases, penicillin G, silibinin and N-acetyl cysteine were used. Extracorporeal support systems were used in 9 cases. Two cases underwent emergency liver transplantation.

Conclusion: Liver transplantation is the most definitive and effective treatment in indicated cases of mushroom poisoning. Extracorporeal support systems should be considered in the early period both as a treatmet modality on their own or to save time until the definitive treatment is possible. The question of which extracorporeal detoxification technique to use is difficult to answer and controlled clinical trials which compare their efficacy are needed.
Avio-refueling process simulation in an airport environment
Authors: Carotenuto Pasquale , Giordani Stefano , Ponticelli Jacopo
Published: January 2021

The process of aircraft refueling has crucial impact in the performance of an airport. It is in fact of common knowledge that one of the most important indicators for benchmarking an airport is the punctuality of flights departure. To assure high results, the airplane service activities such as passengers boarding, baggage handling and aircraft refueling must not delay one another and the overall departure time. The scope of the proposed study is to produce an instrument capable of simulating the process of the aircraft refueling in the airport environment and to consider different scenarios and evaluate their impact in the overall performance. This tool has significant relevance for the company whom process we have analyzed, allowing it to be able also to evaluate easily and in a short period of time complex changes in the process.
Agent-model based on flame GPU for assessing pupal productivity of the transmitting vector of Aedes aegypti infectious diseases
Authors: Montes de Oca Erica , Suppi Remo , De Giusti Laura , Naiouf Marcelo
Published: January 2021

Dengue, Zika and chikungunya are among the infectious diseases that have emerged in recent years. The common denominator to these three is their transmitting vector: the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Due to sanitary reasons, it is highly important that the vector for transmitting these diseases be controlled through the implementation of strategies specifically designed for each situation. In this article, the creation of an agent-based simulation model that allows assessing control strategies and policies through parallel computing on GPU is proposed. High Performance Computing is necessary due to the large volume of data that has to be processed (hundreds of thousands of agents) to obtain results within an acceptable time frame. Model validation was done at small scale with an analogous model on CPU and NetLogo and using data from an real system. In this article, the implementation, scalability and potential of this model as decision support system (DSS) are presented.
COVID-19 ile İvmelenen Dijitalleşmenin PLM’e Etkileri
Authors: FİLİK Alim , YEŞİLAY Rüstem Barış
Published: January 2021

Çalışma kapsamında COVID-19 salgını ile birlikte hız kazanan dijitalleşme trendinin, Ürün Yaşam Döngüsü Yönetimi (PLM) ile olan potansiyel etkileşimi araştırılmıştır. Konuya dair literatür taraması yapılmış, bu kapsamdaki araştırmalar incelenmiş ve neticesinde COVID-19 ile birlikte başlayan süreç içerisinde dijitalleşmenin kuruluşlar için artık kaçınılmaz olduğu ve dijitalleşmenin PLM ile anlamlı olacağına dair bulgular elde edilmiştir. PLM’in ürün yaşam döngüsü fazları açıklanarak, her fazda dijitalleşmenin etkileri açıklanmıştır. Dijitalleşme, dijital ikiz kavramı ve uygulamalarına değinilmiş ve ürün yaşam döngüsünde etkilediği aşamalar açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra, PLM ve dijitalleşme ilişkisinden bahsedilerek, dijitalleşmenin ürün başlangıcı (BOL), ürün ortası (MOL) ve ürün sonu (EOL) aşamalarında olan etkileri açıklanmıştır. Neticede, anlamlı bir dijitalleşmenin PLM ile mümkün olacağı ve dijitalleşme ile PLM’in birbirini tamamlayan kavramlar olduğundan hareketle, COVID – 19 ile başlayan sürecin PLM konseptinin yaygınlaşmasına ve farkındalığının artmasına katkı sağlayacağını ifade etmek mümkündür.
Perfil Ocupacional, Comportamentos e Saúde Segundo Diferenciais de Gênero entre Professores da Rede Pública
Authors: Magalhães Tatiana Almeida de , Fagundes Silveira Marise , Nascimento Jairo Evangelista , Vieira Marta Raquel Mendes , Almeida Emerson Willian Santos de , Martins Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima , Ferreira e Ferreira Efigênia , Haikal Desirée Sant’Ana
Published: January 2021

Resumo: Objetivou-se identificar possíveis diferenciais de gênero entre professores segundo o perfil laboral, comportamentos e saúde. Trata-se de um estudo de prevalência usando amostra probabilística por conglomerados de docentes do ensino básico da rede pública de um município norte mineiro. Foram estimadas prevalências e análises bivariadas corrigidas pelo desenho amostral. Dos 745 docentes investigados, as mulheres representam ampla maioria (85,4%), apresentaram maiores proporções de casadas/união estável e divorciadas/viúvas, com filhos, de classe social mais baixa, perfil laboral precário, com melhores comportamentos relacionados à saúde, apesar de relatarem maior autopercepção negativa de sua aparência e pior qualidade de vida nos domínios físico e psicológico em relação aos homens. Já os homens apresentaram um melhor perfil laboral, maiores frequências de comportamentos não saudáveis e menor busca por assistência médica/odontológica. Observou-se consideráveis diferenças entre os gêneros, demonstrando que são as mulheres que refletem o maior peso da precarização profissional e os homens, os piores comportamentos de saúde. Desse modo, este estudo contribui para que as políticas públicas repensem as oportunidades sociais e questões de saúde relacionadas aos gêneros dentro da classe docente. 
Palavras chaves: Diferença de gênero; Professores; Comportamento; Saúde.
Literary Translation and Transmediality: Clive Scott’s Reader-Oriented Translation Theory and Practice
Authors: Pajević Marko
Published: January 2021

The British translation practitioner and theorist Clive Scott has presented an approach to literary translation that integrates the transmedial into textual translation. His translations of poetry contain doodling, handwriting, crossing out, writing over, typographical experimentation, and photo-collages; he even offers photo-poetic translations consisting exclusively of photos. By including such extra-verbal matter, they play with the medium of literature and integrate a rich variety of visual forms. Scott wishes to stress the role of perception in translating; he offers a reader-focused theory of translation. He is much less concerned with translation as a service for people who do not understand the original language than with the act of translating as a school for reading and hence for developing our capacities of perception and self-awareness. The materiality of language plays a major role in such an idea of translation. His approach has little to do with intentional meaning, focusing instead on the accessibility of sense. Translating is a process, and it is the relationship of this process to what Scott rightly sees as the multi-sensory process of meaning-making during reading that is at issue in his theory and practice. By analysing Scott’s theory and examples of his translationwork, this paper considers what this approach to translating says about transmediality in a phenomenological sense: it sheds light on how we read and perceive and on what the transmedial elements in these processes do. Scott’s transmedial translation theory and practice bring to the fore the multiplicity of media involved in the perception of a text in the reader’s mind and thus sharpens the awareness of what language is and does.
Access and Utilization of Healthcare Services at the University of Jos Health Centre Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Usar IJ , Mairiga BB
Published: January 2021

Background: The provision of quality health care services by educational institutions is critical in achieving their primary purpose of producing critical minds. However, published information about the provision and utilization of services at the University of Jos Health Centre since its inception is lacking. This study assessed access and patterns of utilization of services and interventions at the University of Jos Health Centre. The findings should inform better organization and delivery of health care services in the institution.Methods: The study adopted a retrospective cross-sectional design, collecting data of all clients from the medical register of the University of Jos Health Centre from January 2018 to December 2019. Information related to some demographic characteristics, position in the university and diagnosis were extracted and analysed using Epi Info software version 3.5.4. Results: A total of 9,270 clients attended the Health Centre during the period reviewed: males made up 4885 (52.7%) of users, while female utilization was 4385 (47.3%). The average age of patients attending the Health Centre was 29.7 ±15.2 years, with a range of 1-75 years. Students constituted the major group (63%) of patients seen at the Health Centre, followed by staff, staff dependents and non-university users. Malaria was the commonest condition seen, followed by respiratory tract infections, peptic ulcer diseases, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Communicable and non-communicable diseases are the main causes of service utilization, though the former is dominant. Therefore, integrated health care planning and delivery is recommended, with greater emphasis on cost-effective preventive and promotive interventions.
Assessment of Nurse's Health Promotion of Their Lifestyles at Al-Kut City Hospitals, Iraq
Authors: Okab Ammar A.
Published: January 2021

Context: The importance of lifestyle is mainly due to its effect on the quality of life and disease prevention. Poor lifestyle choices lead to chronic diseases or even death. It increases healthcare costs in a time of economic downsizing. Health care practitioners, particularly nurses, are viewed as a role model in their health-promoting lifestyle behaviors.

Aim: The current research aimed to assess the health-promotion lifestyles among nurses at Al-Kut City Hospitals, Iraq. The study was designed to provide a descriptive summary of nurses' health promotion lifestyle scores in each health promotion lifestyle dimension and find the association between sociodemographic characteristics and nurse's health promotion lifestyle dimensions.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was carried out in order to achieve the aim of the study by using a self-administered health promotion assessment questionnaire in hospitals in Al-Kut City (Al-Zahra'a Teaching Hospital, Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, Al- Kut for Maternity and Children Hospital) from August 26, 2019, to April 28, 2020. A stratified random sample of 300 nurses who work at hospitals in Al-Kut City was recruited to achieve this study's aim. The Center Ethical Committee approved the study.

Results: In respect of nutrition, 67.7% of the nurses always eat three regular meals daily, while 51% were sometimes taking foods to contain the five essential ingredients in each meal. About the social support domain, 70.7% of the studied nurses always express care and attention to others, while 45.7% sometimes enjoy contact with relatives. Concerning the health responsibility domain, 76% always wash their hands before meals, while 45.7% sometimes notice the appearance of any sign in their body at least monthly. Regarding life appreciation, 79.3% always make an effort to feel good about themselves, while 40.3% sometimes feel interesting and challenged every day. Regarding exercise behaviors, only 43% of the nurses always stand and sit straight to do not affect the vertebrae, 43% sometimes exercise 30 minutes a day and three times a week, while 25% never do exercise 30 minutes a day and three times a week. Finally, the daily stress management behaviors revealed that 52.7% always spend some time each day relaxing muscles, while 55.8% of them sometimes determine the source of stress.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the studied nurses were failed in three health promotion lifestyle domains, namely nutritional behaviors, social support, and daily stress management behaviors. In contrast, they pass in the other three health responsibility domains, life appreciation. The study also indicates a significant association between gender, social support, and life appreciation, while a highly significant association exists between gender and health responsibility. The study recommends behavioral support changes intended to promote healthy lifestyles among nurses.
The Effect of Simulation-Based Educational Program on Maternity Nurses' Performance regarding Obstetrical Emergencies during Pregnancy
Authors: El Sharkawy Amal T. A. , Ali Fatma K. , Araby Ola A. A.
Published: January 2021

Context: Simulation-based nursing education is an increasingly and wide-spread preferred educational approach. It offers opportunities to acquire clinical skills and decision-making through various situational experiences.

Aim: The research aimed to investigate the effect of simulation-based educational program on maternity nurses' performance regarding obstetrical emergencies during pregnancy.

Methods: A quasi-experimental research (one group pre/post-test) design was adopted to fulfill the research aim. This research was conducted at the Clinical Obstetrics' Skill lab of the Faculty of Nursing, Benha University. Forty nurses were recruited (all nurses working at obstetrics and gynecology emergency department of Benha University Hospital at the time of collecting data). Three tools were used for data collection; a structured self-administered questionnaire, maternity nurses' attitude assessment scale, and maternity nurses' practices observational checklist.

Results: showed a highly statistically significant improvement concerning maternity nurses' knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding obstetrical emergencies during pregnancy, immediate post-intervention, and at follow up phase compared to the pre-intervention phase (P ≤ 0.001). There was a positive, highly statistically significant correlation between total knowledge and total attitude and total practice scores at pre-intervention, immediate post-intervention, and at follow up phases (P ≤ 0.001).   

Conclusion: The simulation-based educational program positively affected maternity nurses' performance regarding obstetrical emergencies during pregnancy. Simulation-based education regarding obstetrical emergencies during pregnancy is recommended for all nurses working at obstetrics and gynecology units.
Chest Tube Removal: Efficacy of Cold Application and Breathing Exercise on Pain and Anxiety Level
Authors: Elmetwaly Rasha M. , El Sayed Reham A. E.
Published: January 2021

Context: Post-cardiothoracic surgical chest tube removal (CTR) is considered a painful technique and one of the most painful patients' experiences in the intensive care unit. Painkillers are the most prevalent method to relieve the pain, but the patient may not respond well and achieved complete relaxation. Regardless of scientific advances, no efficient action is possessed to decrease pain and anxiety because of it.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of cold application and breathing exercises on pain and anxiety levels following chest tube removal.

Methods: A quasi-experimental design (one group pre/post-test) was utilized to achieve the aim. This study was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit at the Cardio-Thoracic Academy Affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo. A Purposive sample included 60 patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgical procedures and having at least two chest tubes in place. Data were collected using three tools; a structured interviewing questionnaire, pain intensity assessment visual numeric scale, short-form McGill pain assessment questionnaire, modified comfort scale, and breathing exercise checklist.

Results: This study revealed that patients suffer from severe pain before CTR without cold application and breathing exercise (61.7%), or with the application of them (66.7%), the pain level improved during removal as 80% of patients display no pain when using the cold application and breathing exercise that increased to 95% after 10-15 minute of removal compared to 8.3% when cold application and breathing exercise not used. Otherwise, the anxiety level decreased during CTR as 58.3% had mild anxiety level with cold application and breathing exercises compared to 38.3% had a very severe anxiety level. Mild anxiety level increased to 91.7% after 10-15 minutes of CTR compared to 16.7 % when CTR without application.

Conclusion: Cold application and breathing exercises are useful for reducing patients' pain and anxiety levels associated with chest tube removal after cardiothoracic surgery. Encouraging critical care nurses to use cold application and breathing exercises as a non-pharmacological pain relief technique during chest tube removal was highly recommended.
Toxic Leadership: Conflict Management Style and Organizational Commitment among Intensive Care Nursing Staff
Authors: Abou Ramdan Amal H. , Eid Walaa M.
Published: January 2021

Context: Toxic leadership becomes a real problem in nursing administration. Its toxicity harms the nursing staff's progress and creates a challenging work environment full of struggles that, in turn, produce adverse outcomes on the nursing staff's commitment toward the organization.

Aim: This study envisioned to compare toxic leadership among intensive care nursing staff at Tanta University Hospital and El Menshawy hospital and assess its relation to their conflict management style used and organizational commitment at the two hospitals.

Methods: A descriptive, comparative, via cross-sectional research design was applied. All intensive care units at Tanta University Hospitals and El-Menshawy General Hospital were included. All available nurses (n=544) at Tanta University hospitals' ICUs (n=301) and El-Menshawy hospital's ICUs (n=243) was incorporated. Toxic leadership, conflict management styles assessment, and organizational commitment scales were utilized to achieve this study's aim.

Results: The nursing staff perceived that their leaders had high 10.6%, 11.5%, and moderate 12%, 11.9% overall toxic leadership levels at Tanta University Hospitals, and Elmenshawy Hospital, respectively. 43.9% of the nursing staff had a high level of using compromising style to manage conflict with their supervisors at Tanta University hospitals contrasted to 36.6% using competing style at El Menshawy hospital. 78.4% of the nursing staff had a low level of overall organizational commitment at Tanta University hospital's ICUs compared to 63% at El-Menshawy General hospital's ICUs.

Conclusion: Toxic leadership affected the nursing staff's choice of conflict management style used when handling conflict with toxic leaders at two hospitals and had a negative effect on affective and normative dimensions of organizational commitment in both hospitals. Therefore, improving leadership experiences is necessary by conducting a leadership development program to meet the nursing staff's expectations and improve their commitment. Also, adjusting the hospital's policies is vital to permit nursing staffs' involvement in leadership evaluation as a mean for early detection of leaders' toxic behaviors.
Development and Validation of a Competency Self-Assessment Tool for The Nurse Interns
Authors: Saad Nema F. , Abd Rabou Hanaa M.
Published: January 2021

Contents: Nurse Interns need more attention to their self-confidence and self-assessment abilities. Self-assessment is an essential approach for testing their knowledge, skills, and attitudes.

Aim: This study aimed to develop a competency self-assessment tool for nurse interns and test its validity and reliability.

Methods: Methodological study for the development of a tool. The study was carried out at Ain-Shams University Hospitals on all 89-nurse interns in the internship year, and a jury group of 21 faculty members and 21 nurse managers for validation. The researchers developed a preliminary self-assessment tool with six selected nursing core competencies presented to the jury group for validation.

Results: The finalized tool had a very high total face CVI-S (0.99). The CVI-S ranged between 0.94 for environmental safety and hazardous materials safety and 1.00 for the content validity's attitude scale. The total scale had a CVI-S as high as 0.98. The tool had excellent overall reliability with a Cronbach alpha coefficient as high as 0.901 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.888. The attitude scale also had excellent reliability with a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.965 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.964.  In the application of the tool, 95.5% of the nurse interns considered their competencies adequate. In terms of grades, only 32.6% and 10.1% considered themselves having very good and excellent competencies, respectively, and 70.8% had a positive attitude toward self-assessment.

Conclusion: A valid and reliable competency self-assessment tool was developed for nurse interns; it can be applied in various nursing internship programs. It could be used by the administrators of the internship programs to identify the individual learning and training needs of nurse interns. Further studies are proposed to evaluate the utility of the tool in evaluating and improving these programs.
Effect of The Health Belief Model-Based Education on Preventive Behaviors of Breast Cancer
Authors: Mahmoud Amina A. , Abosree Taisser H. , Abd El Aliem Rehab S.
Published: January 2021

Context: Breast cancer is the main type of cancer affecting women and the fourth most common cancer mortality cause. Approximately one out of eight women worldwide develop breast cancer. Screening prevention plays a vital role in the early detection of breast cancer and reducing mortality rates.

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the health belief model-based education on breast cancer preventive behaviors.

Methods: Quasi-experimental (pre/post-test) design was used in this study. The study was conducted at the obstetrics outpatient clinic affiliated to Benha University Hospital, Egypt, on a purposive sample of 100 women. A self-administered questionnaire, Champion’s Health Belief Model Constructs Scale (CHBMS), and an observation checklist for Breast Self-Examination (BSE) were used to collect the data.

Results: The study showed that 62% of the studied women mean age was 35.90±6.45, 53 % of them had secondary education, 93% of them didn't do regular breast self-examination, and 96% of them did not have a mammogram ever. Besides, there were improvements in the studied women's knowledge scores regarding breast cancer post-model implementation (P < 0.001). There was a highly statistically significant difference in total practice scores of preventive behaviors pre and post model implementation (p-value <0.001). Also, there was a positive statistically significant correlation between the studied women's total knowledge (pre and post model implementation), practices (post model implementation), and their total health belief.

Conclusions: This study concluded the positive effects of the health belief model-based education on women's knowledge and preventive breast cancer behaviors regarding breast self-examination. The study recommended developing a regular periodic educational program for women to enhance their knowledge and practices toward