bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of steel-PET fiber reinforcement on the fire resistance of reactive powder concrete
Authors: Bocian Luboš , Šoukal František , Novotný Radoslav , Sokola Patrik , Markusík David , Bubeník Jan , Zach Jiří , Novák Vítězslav
Published: February 2025

The hybrid fiber reinforced ultra-high performance concrete is novel material with exceptional properties. The combination of steel fibers and synthetic fibers provide ultra-high performance concrete with strength while the synthetic fibers provide other useful properties like increase in fire resistance. In this study, the not so often combination of steel and eco-friendly recycled PET fibers is used for the improvement of fire resistance. Manufacturing method which employs the use of vacuum is also rarely used. Firstly, the slump flow and mechanical properties of reference and hybrid ultra-high performance concrete was determined. Then, the fire resistance of these two mixtures was determined. Lastly, the relevance of PET fibers for the increase in fire resistance was studied with backscattered electron microscopy. It was found out that the addition of 0.125 vol. % is beneficial in terms of preventing explosive spalling while having statistically negligible impact on mechanical properties.
Hemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Solodky V.A. , Kriger A.G. , Gorin D.S. , Goev A.A. , Varava A.B. , Panteleev V.I.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To analyze the incidence, clinical manifestations and treatment of post-pancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage in patients with pancreaticoduodenal tumors. Material and methods. There were 362 pancreaticoduodeneectomies for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head and pancreatoduodenal tumors in 2016—2023. Post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH) occurred in 52 (14.4%) patients. Delayed post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage followed postoperative pancreatitis, pancreatic fistula or non-drained fluid collections. Bleeding was diagnosed considering clinical manifestations with verification through contrast-enhanced CT. Results. Emergency re-laparotomy was required in 15 (28.8%) patients with unstable hemodynamics; 9 (60%) people died. Thirty-seven patients with stable hemodynamics underwent emergency contrast-enhanced CT and subsequent endovascular hemostasis. Bleeding was stopped in 31 patients (89.2%). Endovascular hemostasis was ineffective in 1 patient who underwent re-laparotomy. We found no the cause of bleeding in 3 patients, and there was no hemorrhage recurrence. Six (18.7%) people died. The overall mortality among patients with PPH was 28.8% (15 out of 52 postoperative patients). Conclusion. PPH follows postoperative pancreatitis, pancreatic fistula or non-drained fluid collection. In case of stable hemodynamics, endovascular hemostasis is preferable for this complication.
El presente eterno atemporal: Algunas objeciones
Authors: Ocupa Jairo
Published: February 2025

Este estudio se enfoca en examinar la relación de Dios con el tiempo, centrándose en el concepto del eterno presente atemporal defendido por Agustín de Hipona, Boecio y Tomás de Aquino. Se abordan las dificultades que enfrenta aceptar la existencia de un Dios como es presentado por estos autores. La estructura de la investigación se divide en tres secciones: 1) Comprensión de la naturaleza del tiempo; 2) Análisis de la relación de Dios con el tiempo desde la perspectiva del eterno presente atemporal; y 3) Identificación de objeciones y desafíos que afronta los planteamientos de estos autores.
Association between Complicated Pneumonia and Viral Pericarditis in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report
Authors: Ricardo Sánchez Algarín , Angélica María Mendoza Caballero , Patricia Romero Luzardo , Lupo Ramón Méndez Durán , Richard Germán Romero Ruiz
Published: February 2025

The coexistence of complicated pneumonia and viral pericarditis in a pediatric patient is a rare clinical scenario that presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This case involves a 14-year-old adolescent who was admitted with symptoms of general discomfort, fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. Initial evaluation revealed pulmonary parenchymal consolidation, an enlarged cardiac silhouette, and pleural effusion on radiographic imaging, leading to the initial diagnosis of complicated pneumonia. However, due to the clinical presentation and the finding of cardiomegaly, an echocardiogram was performed, confirming the diagnosis of pericarditis. Specific viruses (rhinovirus and enterovirus) were identified as the etiological agents. The combination of complicated pneumonia and viral pericarditis represents a significant clinical challenge that requires a comprehensive evaluation and a collaborative multidisciplinary approach.
Physics and Mathematical Quantitive Ocular Biology: Applied Sciences into Vision and Physics within Opthalmology and Neurobiology Article 6512
Authors: V Lunde Dadon , VL Dadiane
Published: February 2025

The Physics and Mathematics of Ocular vision is directly linked to Neuropathology. The vision is interpreted by the front lobe and occipital lobe of the brain mechanisms in our laboratories. The brain in our laboratories has input/output based on Didactic Robotic Devices that are linked to Imaging Devices. Here in our experiment, we explain medical images as scientific analysis and case-in-point images, to explain the theory of the relationship between the physics of the eye management of vision as it equates to mathematical fields, and neuropathology of input/output based on Medical Images obtained from mathematical physics quantitative laboratories.
Contraceptive Efficacy and Antioxidant Potential of Prosopis juliflora Pod Extract in Male Albino Rats
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, faculty of science, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, 342005, Rajasthan, India, Charan Priyanka , Saran Ram Prakash , Purohit Ashok , Kanwar Nisha , Goyal Lalita
Published: February 2025

Objective: To investigate the contraceptive effects of Prosopis juliflora pod ethanolic extract in male albino rats. Methods: Group I is the control group. Group II this group rats were given TP intramuscular injection at a dose of 0.01mg/day for 30 days. Group III rats of this group were administered Prosopis juliflora pod extract at a dose level of 500 mg/kg body weight for 60 days. Group IV, a group of rats are treated with a combination of TP (0.01 mg/day intramuscular) and Prosopis juliflora pod extract (500 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days. The parameters viz. body and organ weight, serum biochemistry, testosterone level, hematology and antioxidants, lipid profile, sperm parameters, and histological changes, all these parameters observation was taken. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the data, after which Tukey’s multiple comparison tests were conducted. Statistical data analysis was done using a graph pad prism. Findings: The group treated with pod extract of Prosopis juliflora showed a significant (P ≤ 0.001) decline in sperm motility and density, serum testosterone level as compared to control, as well as the weight of testis and epididymis was significant (P ≤ 0.001) reduced in comparison to control. From histological observation, it is revealed that spermatogenesis arrest, reduction in seminiferous tubule diameter, highly significant (P ≤ 0.001) reduction in secondary spermatogonia, mature Leydig cell, and spermatid. With substantial elevation in LPO and decline in GSH. Novelty: This study was taken up because it is a weed plant to find if it has any novel properties, particularly regarding male fertility. A weed having such property will serve as a good source for controlling fertility. Less work has been conducted on this plant to reveal its therapeutic properties; this work helps to find its pod extracts’ effect on fertility-controlling properties in male rats.

Keywords: Contraception, Prosopis juliflora, Antifertility, Plant Extract
President’s Message: 10 Ways You Can Build a Culture of Belonging and Connection
Authors: Amaya Megan
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
Make It or Break It: Effects of a Multi-Component Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Change Program
Authors: Amaya Megan , Melnyk Bernadette , Teall Alice , Christian Lisa , Messinger Jeff , Winn Josh , Battista Lauren , Johnson Nicole , Atkinson Cathie
Published: February 2025

Background: The percentage of U.S. adults who regularly engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and managing stress is below the recommended ideal, with only a small portion meeting national guidelines.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of two digital healthy lifestyle behavior interventions entitled Make It or Break It (MIBI; a combination of text messaging, email, and app use) and MIBI+ (the interventions in MIBI plus the addition of a health coach) on healthy lifestyle beliefs and behaviors, perceived stress, health locus of control, and self-efficacy.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial with three groups of faculty, staff, and alumni ([1] an information-only control condition, [2] MIBI, and [3] MIBI+) was implemented using the transtheoretical model of behavior change. Participants completed pre- and post-program surveys using Qualtrics, assessing various health measures and demographic variables. Descriptive statistics, Cohen’s D effect sizes, and repeated measures ANOVA models were used for data analysis, guided by an a priori power analysis.
Results: Increases were observed in self-reported healthy lifestyle behaviors of healthy eating, physical activity, and stress/mental wellbeing practices. Health locus of control predicted self-efficacy for completing the MIBI program and for making healthy behavior changes. Moderate to large effects were seen for the MIBI and MIBI+ groups for healthy lifestyle beliefs and behaviors, perceived stress, and health locus of control.
Conclusions: The e-intervention demonstrated successful behavior change for participants.
Study of BCG Vaccination status of COVID-19 infected patients & its relationship to morbidity, mortality & treatment outcome of the COVID-19 disease
Authors: Sinha Anita , Patel Bhoomika , B Arya
Published: February 2025

There have been 760 million cases and 6.9 million recorded deaths worldwide due to COVID-19 infection since December 2019. The actual number is thought to be considerably higher (WHO) than documented worldwide. There was worldwide desperate search for ways to prevent the morbidities and mortalities associated with COVID-19 infection. In this context, BCG vaccination hypothesized to play both preventive as well as protective role against COVID-19 infection. All over the world many trials, ongoing or completed done with different results. According to South African trial conducted amongst 1000 healthcare workers, BCG revaccination stated to have no protective effect. On the other hand, trial in UK stated BCG effect to be dependent on ethnicity or race of infected individual.

Present study aim was to study, compare & analyse the proportion of BCG vaccinated among the COVID-19 patients. Severity of infection, disease progression, mortality, morbidity and duration of recovery or discharge were studied in both prospective & retrospective direction in 549 participants 1keeping in view their BCG vaccination status. The study is an effort to substantiate or refute claims of various studies published regarding BCG vaccination & COVID-19 infections.

Amongst the participants, 27.5% were found to be BCG vaccinated, while 72.5 % were unvaccinated. Majority of patients (50.4%) were with mild COVID-19 infection. The patients affected were mostly of 26-30 years (26.7%) of age. Patients of 36-40 years (2.1%) were from severe disease category.

An association was found between age group (‘p’ value < 0.05) and between genders (‘p’ value < 0.05) and BCG vaccination status. There were no association between gender and severity of COVID-19 infection. Amongst the patients with severe disease, 70% were not vaccinated for BCG. There was an association between the severity of the disease and the BCG vaccination status (‘p’ value<0.05). Respiratory symptoms were common amongst almost all the participants (95.8%). Amongst patients who were BCG vaccinated, none were on invasive ventilation therapy yet amongst the non-BCG vaccinated patients, 2.76% were on invasive ventilation. There was a significant association between BCG status and complications (‘p’ value < 0.05). The association between inflammatory markers with BCG status was also found to be significant (‘p’ value < 0.05).
Increasing Cases of Non-Communicable Diseases in Mining Areas of Ghana: Is it a Lifestyle or Hidden Players at Work?
Authors: Arhin Emmanuel , Abdallah Bright , Baah Christiana
Published: February 2025

Ghana's mining industry, especially Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM), is significant in driving economic growth and development, contributing substantially to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and export revenue. ASGM contributes over 40% of the country’s gold production. However, current ASGM practices have neglected responsible mining operations, resulting in environmental degradation and adverse health impacts. The presumed notion that specific trace elements, such as those originating from sulphide minerals, exert an influence on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) prompted the researchers to examine arsenic (As), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in 449 soil samples from four designated regions where mining and agriculture serve as the primary sources of sustenance for the residents.

The samples were collected 30 cm below the humic layer to ascertain the trace elements within for subsequent chemical analysis. Results obtained from ICP-MS analysis were compared with the globally accepted baseline values. A pollution load index (PLI) and Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were used to determine the pollution status across the four sampled areas. The calculated PLI for As, Pb, Cu and Zn was 1.01, indicating moderate pollution levels. In contrast, Igeo indicated moderate-to-heavy levels of pollution; 84.35% -95.79% of elements departed from the accepted baseline values, highlighting hidden dangers posed by these pollutants on population health within the study areas. Arsenic was consistently higher than other elements and is also known to cause NCDs like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. The paper concludes that mineral imbalances, among others, lie clearly in the geochemical environment. Therefore, partnerships between Geoscientists and Medical healthcare workers can identify mitigation strategies towards reducing or eliminating NCDs.
Lipidated COVID-19 Localizes into Mitochondria and Causes Oxidative Damage to Mitochondrial DNA–Pathophysiology of long COVID
Authors: Majima Hideyuki , Chatatikun Moragot , Indo Hiroko , Imai Motoki , Kawakami Fumitaka , Kubo Makoto , Ichikawa Takafumi , Abe Hiroshi , Urano Jun , Tamanoi Fuyuhiko , Prommachote Warinda , Sukati Suriyan , Namkeaw Jirapat , Jaroonwitchawan Thiranut , Ichikawa Hiroshi , Somsak Voravuth , Tangpong Jitbanjong , Nomura Sachiyo
Published: February 2025

Protein lipidation modifies proteins in eukaryotic cells, including cysteine prenylation, and N-terminal glycine myristoylation, and regulates many biological pathways. We summarize the history of lipidation and the roles of prenylation, myristoylation, and palmitoylation. Lipidation modifies other molecules and takes them to the cellular membrane. Lipidized proteins also go to mitochondria. Prenylation links protein C end motif, and myristoylation links protein N end motif. Palmitoylation links protein C or N motif. It is possible to take both prenylation and myristoylation. Previously, we showed that HSP47 interacts with prenylated and myristoylated proteins, goes to mitochondria, and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) from mitochondria. It is known that mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) further causes apoptosis and intra-mitochondrial damage to lipids, proteins, and mtDNA. Viral proteins are lipid-modified by infected cells and go to mitochondria, and the electron transport chain (ETC) generates further reactive oxygen species (ROS). The excess ROS may cause lipid peroxidation and damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). COVID-19, also prenylated and myristoylated, goes to mitochondria, generates mtROS, and damages mtDNA. It is the pathophysiology of long COVID.
Awareness on malaria among healthcare providers and public during the prevention of re-establishment phase in Sri Lanka
Authors: Hamsananthy J , Wickremasinghe A R
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Prevention of re-establishment of malaria is a challenge for Sri Lanka due to the country’s high receptivity and importation risk. As imported malaria cases are being reported, awareness on malaria among both healthcare providers and the public is crucial to anticipate a resurgence and re-establishment of malaria in the country.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to assess the awareness on malaria among healthcare providers and the public during the prevention of re-establishment phase immediately after “malaria-free” certification by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Methodology

Two national surveys were conducted among 766 healthcare providers and 3454 households in 2016/17. Healthcare providers’ survey was conducted using stratified random sampling and administering a self-administered questionnaire. The household survey was conducted using multistage cluster sampling method. A marking scheme was developed and adjusted binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between awareness and socio-demographic and economic factors, using IBM SPSS version 20 statistical software package.

Results

The mean score for awareness on malaria among healthcare providers was 54.7% (SD=10.6%) and the heads of households was 28.6 % (SD = 9.03%). Awareness among healthcare providers was significantly associated with the sector of the institution, type of institution, but not with ever seen a malaria case. For the heads of households, awareness was significantly associated with age group, family income/wealth quintile, sector of residency, ever heard about malaria, seen/heard messages about malaria in the past 6 month and had been overseas within the last 3 years.

Conclusions and recommendations

The awareness on malaria among healthcare providers and public in Sri Lanka is poor during the prevention of re-establishment phase. Awareness programmes should be conducted for both public and healthcare providers to keep malaria on the radar through television, mobile phones and newspapers. Updates about malaria should be regularly conducted for healthcare providers.
Relationship between Parental Behavior, Depression, Anxiety, Body Satisfaction and Eating Disorder in the Period of Adolescence
Authors: Stankovska Gordana , Ahmeti Aferdita
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Adolescence is a period of life in which a person grows and matures. It is a period of turbulent changes and a transition from childhood to adulthood. The changes that occur in a young person on a somatic, mental and psychological level affect the person’s anorexic or bulimic behavior.

Objective: To determine the relationship between the symptoms of eating disorders, anxiety, depression, body satisfaction, and parental behavior.

Material and methods: The study involved 240 respondents between 15 and 18 years of age, first year and third year students in two secondary schools in Skopje. During the study, we used the following measurement instruments: Eating Attitude Test, Perception of Parents Scale, Body Shape Questionnaire, Kutcher Adolescent Depressive Scale, The State – Trait Anxiety Inventory and Body Mass Index.

Results: The obtained results show the existence of interconnection between anxiety, depression, body satisfaction and family factors in relation to eating disorders and body mass index. Simultaneously, we determined that there was a difference in terms of involvement, autonomy support and parental warmth between the low-risk group and the critical group of respondents on the EAT – 26 scale. Anxiety, depression, maternal warmth and autonomy support from both parents were found to be predictors of the occurrence of eating disorders.

Conclusion: The implementation of adequate preventive programs will enable the young person to develop a healthy attitude towards nutrition, changes in personal appearance, body, and health.
Machine Learning Strategies for Improved Cardiovascular Disease Detection
Authors: Toma Milan , Chong Lionel , Husain Gazi , Nasef Daniel , Vathappallil Prince , Matalia Mihir
Published: February 2025

Machine learning offers potential to enhance cardiovascular diagnostics by analyzing various types of data, including but not limited to medical imaging. However, selecting the appropriate ML algorithm for predicting specific cardiovascular diseases is complex and depends on factors such as the type of data, the imaging modality, and the characteristics of the disease. This review aims to provide guidance on selecting suitable machine learning algorithms for diagnosing and predicting specific cardiovascular conditions using various medical imaging modalities. Recent studies were reviewed, focusing on machine learning algorithms applied to cardiovascular imaging for the classification and prediction of cardiovascular diseases. Performance metrics such as accuracy and area under the curve were considered to evaluate the models. A summary table was created to compare the effectiveness of different machine learning algorithms across various cardiovascular conditions and imaging techniques. The review demonstrates that different machine learning algorithms have unique strengths depending on the imaging modality and the specific cardiovascular disease. For example, convolutional neural networks are effective for processing image data like echocardiograms, while support vector machines and random forests are suitable for structured, tabular data. Many studies lack external validation and have issues such as data leakage, raising concerns about the generalizability of their results. Guidelines are provided to help clinicians and researchers select the most appropriate machine learning model based on the medical condition and imaging modality. Additionally, the importance of proper evaluation of machine learning studies is emphasized, including data splitting strategies, learning curves, and validation methods, to ensure the reliability of machine learning models in cardiovascular diagnostics. Selecting the appropriate machine learning algorithm for cardiovascular diagnostics is important and should be guided by the specific disease, imaging modality, and data characteristics. Robust evaluation and validation of machine learning models are essential to ensure their generalizability and clinical utility. Collaboration between medical professionals and machine learning experts is necessary to develop transparent, robust models that can improve patient outcomes in cardiovascular care.
Adult Malaria and Co-Infections: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis and Outcome in Central India
Authors: Deshkar Smita
Published: February 2025

Background: India has the highest malaria incidence in Asia and ranks second globally. Concurrent infections, particularly with dengue and chikungunya are common during monsoon and post monsoon seasons. These co-infections complicate diagnosis and management, especially in resource-limited settings. This study is aimed to investigate the profile, clinical features, and outcomes of co-infections in malaria patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Central India, from June 2023 to October 2024. Patients presenting with acute febrile illness were tested by multiplex polymerase chain reaction for common causes of tropical fever. Clinical and demographic data were collected, and malaria cases with or without co-infections were included. Statistical analysis was performed with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: Of 587 acute febrile illness patients tested via multiplex PCR, 214 diagnosed malaria cases included. Mono-infections accounted for 63.55%, while 34.45% had concurrent infections (51.28% males, 48.72% females). Co-infections were common with chikungunya (26.92%), dengue (24.36%), rickettsia (14.10%), and scrub typhus (11.54%). Fever lasted <7 days in 92.31% (p < 0.001) cases. Co-infected patients exhibited higher rates of symptoms like maculopapular rash, retro-orbital pain, and bleeding manifestations compared to mono-infected malaria cases. Co-infections showed severe thrombocytopenia, elevated liver markers, and complications like jaundice and abnormal bleeding. Mortality was observed in 07 (03.27%) cases.

Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the patterns, prevalence, and clinical implications of malaria co-infections in central India, emphasizing the critical role of advanced diagnostic techniques like multiplex PCR in improving early and accurate diagnosis. The findings underscore the complexity of febrile illnesses in high-burden regions and the necessity for tailored diagnostic and management strategies, particularly during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Future research with larger, multicentre studies and long-term follow-up is needed to validate these findings and address existing gaps in knowledge.
Device-related clinical outcomes of the Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System in the treatment of pathologic humerus fractures: A Meta-Analysis of The Literature
Authors: Farii Humaid , McChesney Grant , S. Patel Shalin , Satcher Robert , Frink Spencer , Moon Bryan , Lin Patrick , Lewis Valerae , E. Bird Justin
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The humerus is one of the most common sites of metastatic disease to bone. Over the past decade, however, a novel, non-metallic Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS) has become available, creating growing interest in the use of the system to treat pathologic fractures. We aimed to analyze device-related clinical outcomes extracted from a meta-analysis of the literature to determine appropriate use cases in the treatment of pathologic humerus lesions.

Methods: Using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, Pubmed, Medline and Embase electronic databases were searched in January 2023 for relevant articles relating to IlluminOss implants for humerus pathologic fracture. Keywords used were “IlluminOss” OR “Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System” AND “Fracture”.

Results: 114 articles were identified and screened. A total of 67 humerus lesions stabilized with IlluminOss from 5 studies were included for review. 36 (54%) of these patients were female. There were 51 complete pathological fractures and 16 impending fractures. Sixteen of 67 (24%) patients had implant-related complications, including broken implants (13), traumatic periprosthetic fracture (1), proximal migration of implant (1), and intra-articular penetration by a supplemental screw (1). All complications occurred in the setting of complete pathological fractures (P value = 0.01). The distal humerus was the most common location (60%) for complications (P value = 0.02). Complications trended to occur more frequently in females (75%) and patients with renal cell carcinoma (33%), however, these factors were not statistically significant.

Conclusions: The IlluminOss implant has been successfully used to treat many pathological humerus fractures, however, the rate of implant-related complications was high in complete pathologic fractures located in the distal humerus. The most common mode of failure was broken implant. Orthopedic surgeons should consider complete pathologic fractures in the distal humerus as high risk for implant failure and may need to augment their stabilization or choose alternative means of treatment.
Organic fertilization on the productivity of biofortified sweet potato
Authors: Reis Clene Santos , Parra-Serrano Luisa Julieth , Silva Karolline Rosa Cutrim , Costa Romário Martins , Aguiar Francisco Ivo dos Santos
Published: February 2025

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is a widely grown vegetable in Brazil. The application of organic fertilizers of animal origin is considered a useful and economical practice for producers because it enhances soil fertility and ensures conservation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the commercial potential and total productivity of biofortified sweet potato based on the concentration of applied tanned bovine manure. This study was conducted from February to July 2020 in the experimental area of the Center for Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with six treatments (0, 10, 20, 30, 40., and 50 Mg ha-1 of tanned bovine manure) and five replicates. The following agronomic characteristics of sweet potatoes were evaluated: fresh and dry biomass of the shoot (Mg ha-1), fresh and dry biomass of the tuberous root (Mg ha-1), number of commercial roots, and damage galleries (and holes) caused by insects. Bovine manure can be used as a source of organic fertilizer in the range of 10.0-20.0 Mg ha-1 to improve the productivity of biofortified sweet potato ‘Beauregard’. The yield was 7 Mg ha-1 with 10 Mg ha-1 of bovine manure, and this yield is higher than the average yield for the state of Maranhão.
Narrow row spacing on soybean cultivars in the early and conventional sowing time in a subtropical region of southern Brazil
Authors: Foloni José Salvador Simonetto , Abati Julia , Henning Fernando Augusto
Published: February 2025

Phytotechnical positioning procedures in soybean crop must be validated in the context of the interaction between genotype, environment and management. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of soybean cultivars sown in different row spacing, in early (October 8th) and conventional (November 12th) sowing dates in a subtropical climate region of southern Brazil. The experimental design was in an 18 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. The factors were constituted by 18 soybean cultivars (with a maturity group of 5.3 to 6.4) installed with row spacing of 25 and 50 cm. Final plant population, plant height, lodging, 1000-grains weight and grain yield were evaluated. The row spacing and the cultivar used interfere in the agronomic performance of soybean, regardless of sowing date. The narrow row spacing of 25 cm increases the 1000-grains weight and the soybean grain yield, regardless of cultivar and sowing date, with the most pronounced augments in the conventional sowing date. In general, the most yield cultivars were M 5947 IPRO and M 6410 IPRO.
Selenium: a trace element for human and vegetables
Authors: Nazareno Lailla Sabrina Queiroz , Ribeiro Junior Jorge Braga , Dias Gabrielen de Maria Gomes , Guimarães Marcelo de Almeida , Viana Caris dos Santos , Mendonça Andreza de Melo
Published: February 2025

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for the growth, development and metabolism of animals, including humans. It is an integral part of a set of proteins, the selenoproteins, with antioxidant action, involved in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, growth regulation, cell viability, immune system functions and reproduction. This element fulfils the same function in vegetables, although it does not play an essential role in their nutrition, so it is currently included in the group of beneficial elements. It is introduced into the food chain by ingesting plants and products derived from them. Plants assimilate Se compounds, present in the soil, mainly in the form of inorganic compounds of selenate (Se6+) and selenite (Se4+). Both have water solubility and are part of the metabolic processes that occur in humans. In view of the above, the objectives of this literature review were to present information on some of the main aspects of selenium for humans and plants, describing its forms of absorption, benefits, problems related to its deficiency and its use in food biofortification. Selenium (Se) has several benefits for plants and human health, and for humans, when administered in ideal concentrations. In addition to providing a healthy diet, it can act as an antioxidant, playing an important role in protecting against viral infections.
Adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes recommended for Alto Paranaíba in Minas Gerais
Authors: Matsuo Eder , Dezordi Luciel Rauni , Nascimento Moysés , Cruz Cosme Damião
Published: February 2025

The cultivation of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) stands out in the national and world scenario. Brazil, from different points of view, has a high productive capacity of this oilseed, which resulted in the classification of the country as the world's largest producer. The state of Minas Gerais is one of Brazil's agricultural granaries, and in soybean culture it is the sixth largest producing state. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the interaction genotypes x environments in soybean genotypes grown in Alto Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, and to identify genotypes with general response, those recommended for favorable or unfavorable environments through the different methodologies of adaptability and stability. Five experiments were conducted in the experimental block design, with four repetitions, in the 2020/2021 agricultural season, in which 14 soybean genotypes were analyzed by productivity, in kg ha-1. An individual analysis of variance was performed (for each environment) along with joint analysis of the experiments, average grouping test (for each environment), decomposition of the interaction between genotypes and pairs of environments and the adaptability and stability analyses were performed by the methods of Artificial Neural Networks, Lin and Binns modified by Carneiro and Centroid method. It was concluded that the interaction genotypes x environments was significant and between pairs of environments it was predominantly complex. The genotypes M5917IPRO, TMG7063IPRO and BMXFocoIPRO are recommended for general environment; the genotypes TMG2374IPRO and TMG7363RR are recommended for favorable environments; and the genotypes BS2606IPRO, TEC7849IPRO and BRS5980IPRO are recommended for unfavorable environments.
Análise de crescimento de milho em condições de alagamento
Authors: Kolesny Vitor , Pimentel João Roberto , Szareski Vinícius Jardel , Monteiro Manoela Andrade , Aumonde Tiago Zanatta , Pedó Tiago
Published: February 2025

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of flooding on the growth of maize plants through growth analysis through simple logistics. The work was conducted in the 2016/2017 growing season. The climate is temperate, with well distributed rainfall, hot summer andthe soil is classified as solodiceutrophic haplic planosol. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks arranged in a factorial scheme, with two soil water conditions x five plant samples, arranged in four replicates. It was carried out the flooding of the parcels. The variables measured were total dry mass; dry matter production rates; relative growth rate; net assimilation rate; leaf area ratio; leaf mass ratio; maximum values of specific leaf area; leaf area index; efficiency of solar energy on version and mass partition, carried out in five collections. There is a reduction in leaf mass ratio, dry mass production rate, and relative growth rate in plants submitted to flooding, compared to those kept at field capacity. Corn plants submitted to soil flooding presented negative changes in the assimilated partition throughout their development. Soil flooding over the period of 72 hours adversely affects the physiological parameters of maize plants, leading to a reduction of their productive efficiency.
Survey and registration of the occurrence of leaf-cutting ants in grassland areas
Authors: Costa Weslley Botura , Barboza Augusto Roberto Dias , Lopes Ana Daniela , Francisco João Paulo
Published: February 2025

Leafcutter ants tend to adapt to the different climatic conditions, soil, and vegetation.They also have the particularity of attacking different cultures. The objective of this work was to survey and record the occurrence of leafcutter ants in 5 pasture areas located in the municipalities of Altônia, Iporã, and Cafezal do Sul, as well as to identify them at the genus level. The study areas were covered by the walking method, performing the geolocation of the anthills in order to verify the incidence of anthills, calculating the anthill areas, preparing maps of land use, and occupation and geolocation of the anthills, calculating the density and the spatial distribution of anthills. Across the 5 areas, 56.72 ha of pasture were sampled and the existence of anthills inside the properties was established. Totally, 55 anthills were sampled from which specimens were collected for identification at the genus level, which will be classifiedunder the genus Atta. The areas of the anthills vary from 0.26 m² to 97.34 m². The density of anthills ranged between 0.25 and 0.75 anthills ha-1and the spatial distribution obtained was I = 1.13. Of the 55 anthills, all belonging to the Atta genera, and different types of management related to the occurrence of leafcutter ants in the areas.On the basis of the evaluation of monitoring and georeferencing data, it was possible to record the occurrence of leafcutter ants in pasture areas in the cities of Altônia, Cafezal do Sul, and Iporã, which presented different distribution and density of nests. In all evaluation areas, the domain of the genus Atta was registered.
CONTROLE DE Meloidogyne incognita EM SOJA COM EXTRATO DE Pycnoporus sanguineus
Authors: Tasca Gisela Paula , Brito Olivia Diuelen Costa , Stangarlin José Renato , Kuhn Odair José
Published: February 2025

Meloidogyne incognita is an endoparasitic and sedentary nematode that forms galls on the roots and damage several agricultural crops, including soybean. Its control needs several management methods, including the use of microbial extracts. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the influence of the fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus extract on the control of M. incognita in soybean. The treatments were concentrations of the crude extract of basidiocarps from P. sanguineus (0%; 2.5%; 5%; 7.5%; and 10%) which were applied to the aerial part of the plants, and after 72 h the nematodes (eggs + second stage juveniles – J2) were inoculated. After 60 days were evaluated fresh and dry masses of the aerial part and height of aerial part, and the nematological parameters number of egg masses, number of galls and total number of nematodes. It was concluded that there was a reduction in total number of nematodes in a dose-dependent manner for crude extract of P. sanguineus, where the calculated value of 17% was the concentration which more reduced de number of nematodes. The vegetative parameters were not influenced, indicating that besides the control of the pathogen in the roots by the treatments on the leaves, this induction of resistance did not produce metabolic fitness to the plant.
Extraction of antioxidant compounds from dovyalis: mixtures of ethanol and water
Authors: Cordeiro Noélle Khristinne , Ristau Ana Carolina Pinguelli , Braga Gilberto Costa , Fernandes da Silva Daniel , Villa Fabíola , Soares de Vasconcelos Edmar
Published: February 2025

Ethanol/water 80/20 has been the most suitable solvent mixture for the extraction of antioxidant compounds from fruits. However, the efficiency of the extraction solvent varies with the polar affinity of the different chemical compounds found in plant species. The objective of this work was to determine the efficiency of extraction of antioxidant compounds from the pulp and peel of dovyalis using ethanol/water mixtures as extracting solvent. Dried and ground pulp and peel were extracted with mixtures of ethanol/water solvents 100/0, 75/25 and 50/50 (v/v). Antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP), total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids of the extracts were determined. The results showed that the 50% and 75% ethanol/water mixtures showed more efficient extraction of total phenolic compounds from the pulp and peel than 100% ethanol. The same trend was observed in the determinations of the antioxidant activities DPPH in the peel, ABTS in the pulp and FRAP in both fractions of the fruits, where the solvents 50% and 75% ethanol were superior to the 100% ethanol. In the extraction of flavonoids from the pulp and skin of the fruits, 50% ethanol was more efficient compared to the other solvent mixtures. The same was verified in the determination of the DPPH antioxidant activity in the pulp and ABTS in the peel of dovyalis fruits, that is, 50% ethanol was also superior to the other solvents. The 50% ethanol/water mixture was the most efficient solvent in the extraction of antioxidant compounds from the pulp and bark of dovyalis.
Performance and morphometric characteristics of Santa Inês sheep and Texel x Santa Inês lambs on pasture, supplemented in a creep feeding system
Authors: Moreira Yara Rodrigues , Haddade Ismail Ramalho , Chambela Neto Alberto , Deminicis Bruno Borges , Deminicis Renata Gomes da Silveira , Zanetti Letícia Margon
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of the morphometric sheep of the Santa Inês breed, recently-Paris, with their respective Lamb Texel x Santa Inês, a paste, in creep feeding system. For this purpose, 30 Sheeps and theirs and the respective lamb were used for natural breastfeeding for 60 days until weaning. The randomized blocks used, with two Treatments (absence of the presence of the private feeder), with 10 repetitions, being shadow sheep by repetition municipality or relative lamb. In Studies on the termination of two Cordeiro, the bone of heavy animals was measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiments (25 days), using the 30-Cordeiro weaned. The randomized blocks, used with three Treatments (0.400 of 800 g of concentrate / lamb / DIA). There was no difference in weight between the sheep outside of Cordeiro (supplemented or not). There were no two treatments effect on the morphometric characteristics among the sheep outside between the Lamb bone. The use of creep feeding did not provide greater weight gain in recovery to give weight to give infant sheep, nor did it provide greater weight gain, we Lamb supplemented in relation to this not supplemented during breastfeeding, but the supplementary feed 400g / animal / day in the finishing phase it shows better results for I gained two lambs of weight.
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SOYBEAN GRAINS GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT COVER PLANTS
Authors: Bester Adriano Udich , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Loro Murilo Vieira , Scarton Victor Delino Barasuol , Pradebon Leonardo César , Coradini Guilherme Tassoti
Published: February 2025

The objective of this work was to verify the influence of different previous cultures on the productivity and nutritional quality of soybean grains. The experiment took place in the city of Pejuçara, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil, in the 2019/20 agricultural season. The experiment took place in a 5X4 factorial scheme, in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments composing by the combination of five soybean genotypes (BMX Lança IPRO, M 5838 IPRO, BMX Raio IPRO, BMX Zeus IPRO, DM57i52 IPRO), and four previous coverages. We measured morphological, productive and physicochemical characters of soybean grains. The data obtained were submitted to a density analysis, after which Pearson's linear correlation was performed in order to show the linear trend of association between the characters. Subsequently, Principal Component Analysis was performed to assess the interaction between the variables studied and the treatments. Moreover, cluster analysis to verify the levels of similarity that group the treatments. It is not possible to perceive a significant effect between the variables analyzed and the predecessor cultures used, in addition to the fact that in relation to bromatological quality, plant chemistry, productivity and nutritional quality of the grains, they presented values consistent with the literature. Thus, conclusion is that both predecessor cultures (oat, pasture, wheat and linseed) did not interfere directly in the soybean crop.
USA – Angola: the nature of cooperation in important areas for states (2023-2024)
Authors: Derbenev Andrei
Published: February 2025

The United States lags behind China in terms of doing business in Africa. The administration of the 46th President of the United States is making serious efforts to change the current situation. In 2022, Joe Biden announced that the United States intends to invest $55 billion in Africa by 2025. Washington is developing a strategic partnership with Angola. This African country attracts the attention of Beijing and Washington because it has considerable reserves of natural resources and occupies a strategic position in Africa. Washington is seeking to win the battle for economic influence in Angola. The article examines the economic policy, strategy and practical actions of the Joe Biden administration to strengthen cooperation with Angola. The center of cooperation is the Lobito Atlantic Railway (LAR), also known as the Lobito Corridor, which is of strategic importance for the transportation of natural resources. The railway route connects Angola with the center of the "copper belt" in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is of great importance for the delivery of minerals involved in the production of batteries used in electric vehicles, as well as for other environmentally friendly projects. In 2006, Angola signed a $2 billion deal with a group of Chinese companies to rebuild railway lines. However, substandard construction and maintenance services have led to disruptions and frequent train derailments. During Joe Biden's presidency, the United States, together with the EU, received the right to invest in the Lobito corridor, which promises many long-term benefits. It is noteworthy that this is not a monopoly railway for the USA and the EU. The Lobito project could be the beginning of an increase in American investment in Africa's infrastructure. Ultimately, it is planned to build a road in Africa from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean, and the United States, by providing investments, expects a long-term beneficial effect. Washington intends not only to confront China in this region. The United States is extremely interested in obtaining uninterrupted access to key resources for future technological advances. Minerals will be of key importance for the transition to green energy.
Institutional aspects of US space policy
Authors: Lobastova (Desyatsky) Ekaterina
Published: February 2025

The American government's policy in the area of space exploration is complex and multi-layered. It is based on a multi-step, meticulous process of coordinating various aspects of space policy between civilian and military committees and departments, the commercial sector, and the scientific community. It also takes into account the intricate relationship between political parties and different branches of government. In light of increasing geopolitical uncertainty and intensifying technological competition, which has a direct impact on activities in outer space, it is relevant to analyze the benefits and drawbacks of the American approach to space exploration.
In this article, the author aims to examine the institutional aspects of the civil space policy in the United States considering the following factors: the authority of the President and his influence on setting the strategic foundations and priorities for national space policy, the organizational structure of relevant government agencies and ministries, the role of Congress in establishing priorities and funding and the American experience of public-private partnership in space exploration. This article does not focus on the institutional aspects of military departments and programs operation, but it does mention them in relation to their cooperation with civilian and commercial organizations.