bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRECEDENTES JUDICIAIS À BRASILEIRA E O PÓS-POSITIVISMO: ANÁLISE DWORKIANA NA ATUAL FORMAÇÃO PRECEDENTALISTA
Authors: Ramos Raissa Holanda , De Góes Ricardo Tinoco
Published: March 2022

: O artigo examina as bases hermenêuticas do que está no cerne do Código de Processo Civil brasileiro: os precedentes judiciais incorporados pela civil law oriundos do common law. Observa-se a necessidade de evidenciar a inadequação dos precedentes judiciais à teoria clássica do ordenamento, pois os precedentes resistem ao positivismo normativista e ao formalismo. O objetivo é trazer à luz a forçosa redução na estrutura precedentalista, de modo a harmonizá-la, a todo custo, à forma de um dispositivo legal. Sob a égide de que precedente não deve ser estudado e aplicado como norma geral e abstrata, é preciso evidenciar que existe um conjunto de elementos a serem balizados na estruturação da força hermenêutica a circundar o precedente judicial. Ainda, é importante a interligação da hermenêutica em que não existe separação entre interpretar e aplicar, na contramão do que propõe a doutrina contemporânea. Para complementar, optou-se pelo referencial teórico do Direito como integridade de Ronald Dworkin, firmando uma pesquisa com emprego de abordagem qualitativa e método hipotético-dedutivo e dialético. Conclui-se que a integridade exige que os juízes construam seus argumentos integrados ao conjunto do Direito, sedimentando uma garantia contra arbitrariedades e efetivando os freios.
INCLUSÃO, MULTICULTURALISMO OU PLURALISMO JURÍDICO DECOLONIAL? ANÁLISE DAS DECISÕES JUDICIAIS ENVOLVENDO COMUNIDADES QUILOMBOLAS TRADICIONAIS NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Kuteten Felipe Hiroshi , Albernaz Renata Ovenhausen
Published: March 2022

Tendo por base as discussões teóricas do Multiculturalismo, Pluralismo Jurídico e da Decolonialidade, e seus reflexos na questão do Racismo estrutural, o objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em interpretar as decisões judiciais no âmbito do Tribunal Regional Federal da 4ª Região (TRF4), julgadas entre 2015-2020, envolvendo, como sujeitos processuais, comunidades quilombolas gaúchas, classificando tais decisões em três graus de solução, do menor ao maior Pluralismo Jurídico: 1) a solução de Inclusão de direitos de grupos minoritários no direito estatal; 2) a solução do multiculturalismo; 3) a solução do pluralismo jurídico. Foram pesquisadas decisões judiciais, julgadas entre 2015 e 2020, de domínio público, no site https://jurisprudencia.trf4.jus.br/pesquisa/pesquisa.php?tipo=%201, focando-se as que versavam sobre quilombolas. Nesse enfoque, encontrou-se o total de 290 decisões no âmbito do TRF4, dos quais 35 eram referentes a quilombos gaúchos. Dessas últimas, a análise documental recaiu sobre 10 decisões, que envolviam questões de mérito, e que se relacionavam a categorias analíticas advindas do referencial teórico, como territorialidade, autodeclaração, ações afirmativas, serviços públicos, pluralismo jurídico e identidade. Como resultados, no período, encontrou-se cinco decisões sob a lógica da inclusão; três, de tom multiculturalistas e apenas 2 na linha da “preservação da identidade cultural”, com pluralismo ainda impreciso. Os julgados demonstram, assim, uma solução de superação de desigualdades mais marcada pela inclusão do que pelo multiculturalismo e pluralismo, o que pode não ser suficiente para proteger a diversidade social e cultural mais próprias a esses tipos de comunidades quilombolas e do racismo do qual são vítimas.
Application of The PPP Scheme on The Tourism-Transportation, Case Study : The Concept Of Palopo City Tourism
Authors: Fisu Amiruddin Akbar , Hafid Zulham , Humang Windra Priatna , Natsir Rakhmawati
Published: March 2022

The stipulation of the Palopo City Regional Tourism Development Master Plan 2021 – 2025 makes the Palopo City tourism sector quite optimistic after the beginning of the pandemic. Until 2030, Palopo City targets 250,000 domestic tourists and 1800 foreign tourists. The tourism potential of Palopo City, especially in urban areas is quite promising with the construction of a culinary center and souvenirs, public space activities, and the development of culinary businesses. These potentials must be supported by adequate facilities and infrastructure, including accessibility. Meanwhile, public transportation in Palopo City is considered inadequate and not integrated with each other. The concept of Palopo City Tourism offers the integration of tourism activities in the urban areas of the city of Palopo by providing integrated tourism transportation modes, equipped with supporting infrastructure such as bus stops. However, the implementation of the concept will be constrained by funding problems given the limited regional finances and the demand to prioritize sectors that are more strategic than tourism. This paper will see how the implementation of the PPP scheme in the tourism sector, especially in the transportation aspect, namely in the concept of Palopo City Tourism, both in development, operation and potential benefits. From the results of the analysis of movement patterns and the location of tourist objects, 3 optimal routes were chosen that could accommodate the movement of tourists, namely the southern route, western route and northern route. From the results of the analysis of infrastructure needs, it is necessary to develop infrastructure in the form of shelters and pedestrian paths and their accessories at tourist attraction points and several commercial areas. In addition, several PPP financing schemes are also proposed which are considered suitable for the City Tour Palopo concept, including Concessions and Affermage/Lease schemes, such as Service Contracts and Management Contracts, Design-Build-Finance-Operate/Maintain (DBFO, DBFM or DBFO). /M), Build-Own-Lease-Transfer (BOLT).
Desfechos da gestação frente à contaminação por COVID-19: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: França dos Reis Ana Gabriela , Da Silva Cavalcante Ribeiro Kelly
Published: March 2022

RESUMO

Objetivo: o presente estudo tem por objetivo investigar os possíveis desfechos da gestação frente a contaminação pelo vírus COVID-19. Método: revisão sistemática onde foram analisados estudos científicos publicados entre os anos de 2019 e 2021, com temas acerca do COVID-19 em gestantes e suas complicações, bem como sua influência acerca do desfecho da gestação. Foram selecionados um total de 3830 artigos; após exclusão de duplicatas, aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão e avaliação de viés, foram utilizados 13 artigos. Resultados: O sistema imunológico, possivelmente é fortemente alterada pelo vírus; outros fatores que também influenciam são pacientes que possuem comorbidades, com destaque para hipertensão e obesidade, que frequentemente produzem trabalho de parto prematuro, rotura prematura das membranas, abortamento e crescimento intrauterino restrito. No sistema respiratório ocorre a elevação do diafragma, redução da reserva expiratória e hiperventilação. Gestantes assintomáticas ou com sintomas leves apresentam uma melhora significativa e sem a necessidade de maiores intervenções; já pacientes que apresentam sinais de agravos podem necessitar de acompanhamento em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Há uma prevalência de cirurgia cesárea em comparação ao parto vaginal. Conclusão: Os desfechos gestacionais são em sua maioria positivos, foi constatado que gestantes que possuem comorbidades podem apresentar piora em seu estado clínico.
The analysis of slip tendency of major tectonic faults in Germany
Authors: Röckel Luisa , Ahlers Steffen , Müller Birgit , Reiter Karsten , Heidbach Oliver , Henk Andreas , Hergert Tobias , Schilling Frank
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Seismic hazard during subsurface operations is often related to the reactivation of pre-existing tectonic faults. The analysis of the slip tendency, i.e. the ratio of shear to normal stress acting on the fault plane, allows an assessment of the reactivation potential of faults. We use the total stresses that result from a large-scale 3D geomechanical-numerical model of Germany and adjacent areas to calculate the slip tendency for three 3D fault geometry sets with increasing complexity. This allows to draw general conclusions about the influence of the fault geometry on the reactivation potential. In general, the fault reactivation potential is higher in Germany for faults that strike NW-SE and NNE-SSW. Due to the prevailing normal stress regime in the geomechanical-numerical model results, faults dipping at an angle of about 60° generally show higher slip tendencies in comparison to steeper or shallower dipping faults. Faults implemented with a straight geometry show higher slip tendencies than those represented with a more complex, uneven geometry. Pore pressure has been assumed as hydrostatic and has shown to have a major influence on the calculated slip tendencies. Compared to slip tendency values calculated without pore pressure, the consideration of pore pressure leads to an increase of slip tendency of up to 50 %. The qualitative comparison of the slip tendency with the occurrence of seismic events with moment magnitudes Mw > 3.5 shows an overall good spatial correlation between areas of elevated slip tendencies and seismic activity for one of the investigated fault sets.
Patos Lagoon estuary and adjacent marine coastal biodiversity long-term data
Authors: Lemos Valéria M. , Lanari Marianna , Copertino Margareth , Secchi Eduardo R. , de Abreu Paulo Cesar O. V. , Muelbert José H. , Garcia Alexandre M. , Dumont Felipe C. , Muxagata Erik , Vieira João P. , Colling André , Odebrecht Clarisse
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Estuaries are among the most productive aquatic ecosystems and
provide important ecological and economic services in coastal areas.
However, estuarine systems have been threatened worldwide by natural and
anthropogenic impacts acting on local, regional, and global scales. Long-term
ecological studies contribute to the understanding and management of
estuarine functioning and provide the baseline information for detection
changes and modeling of predictive scenarios. Here, we describe long-term
data on the biodiversity and physico-chemical parameters obtained from 1993
to 2016 for the Patos Lagoon estuary and adjacent marine coast (PLEA), in
southern Brazil. We report 8 datasets containing 6972 sampling events
with the occurrence and abundance records of 275 species (kingdoms:
Bacteria, Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae, and Animalia) of functional groups
plankton, benthos, and nekton. Datasets also include 22 190 abiotic records.
The database is published in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility
(GBIF) repository (see Sect. 3 “Data availability” and Table 3). The present compendium
represents one of the most comprehensive and longest datasets from primary
producers to top predators in an estuarine coastal system in South America,
and their availability will be an important contribution to the
understanding and predictability of estuarine dynamics around the world.
Building a machine learning surrogate model for wildfire activities within a global Earth system model
Authors: Zhu Qing , Li Fa , Riley William J. , Xu Li , Zhao Lei , Yuan Kunxiaojia , Wu Huayi , Gong Jianya , Randerson James
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Wildfire is an important ecosystem process, influencing land biogeophysical
and biogeochemical dynamics and atmospheric composition. Fire-driven loss of
vegetation cover, for example, directly modifies the surface energy budget
as a consequence of changing albedo, surface roughness, and partitioning of
sensible and latent heat fluxes. Carbon dioxide and methane emitted by fires
contribute to a positive atmospheric forcing, whereas emissions of
carbonaceous aerosols may contribute to surface cooling. Process-based
modeling of wildfires in Earth system land models is challenging due to
limited understanding of human, climate, and ecosystem controls on fire
counts, fire size, and burned area. Integration of mechanistic wildfire
models within Earth system models requires careful parameter calibration,
which is computationally expensive and subject to equifinality. To explore
alternative approaches, we present a deep neural network (DNN) scheme that
surrogates the process-based wildfire model with the Energy Exascale Earth
System Model (E3SM) interface. The DNN wildfire model accurately simulates
observed burned area with over 90 % higher accuracy with a large reduction
in parameterization time compared with the current process-based wildfire
model. The surrogate wildfire model successfully captured the observed
monthly regional burned area during validation period 2011 to 2015
(coefficient of determination, R2=0.93). Since the DNN wildfire
model has the same input and output requirements as the E3SM process-based
wildfire model, our results demonstrate the applicability of machine
learning for high accuracy and efficient large-scale land model development
and predictions.
Evaluating downscaling methods of GRACE data: a case study over a fractured crystalline aquifer in South India
Authors: Pascal Claire , Ferrant Sylvain , Selles Adrien , Maréchal Jean-Christophe , Paswan Abhilash , Merlin Olivier
Published: March 2022

Abstract. GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) and its follow-on mission have provided since 2002 monthly anomalies of total water storage (TWS), which are very relevant to assess the evolution of groundwater storage (GWS) at global and regional scale. However, the use of GRACE data for groundwater irrigation management is limited by their coarse (≃ 300 km) resolution. The last decade has thus seen numerous attempts to downscale GRACE data at higher – typically several tens of km – resolution and to compare the downscaled GWS data with in situ measurements. Such comparison has been classically made in time, offering an estimate of the static performance of downscaling (classic validation). The point is that the performance of GWS downscaling methods may vary in time due to changes in the dominant hydrological processes through the seasons. To fill the gap, this study investigates the dynamic performance of GWS downscaling by developing a new metric for estimating the downscaling gain (new validation) against non-downscaled GWS. The new validation approach is tested over a 113,000 km2 fractured granitic aquifer in South India. GRACE TWS data are downscaled at 0.5° (≃ 50 km) resolution with a data-driven method based on random forest. The downscaling performance is evaluated by comparing the downscaled versus in situ GWS data over a total of 38 pixels at 0.5° resolution. The spatial mean of temporal Pearson correlation coefficient (R) and root mean square error (RMSE) are 0.79 and 7.9 cm, respectively (classic validation). Confronting the downscaled results with the non-downscaling case indicates that the downscaling method allow a general improvement in terms of temporal agreement with in situ measurements (R = 0.76 and RMSE = 8.2 cm for the non-downscaling case). However, the downscaling gain (new validation) is not static. The mean downscaling gain on R is about +30 % or larger from August to March including both wet and dry (irrigated) agricultural seasons and falls to about +10 % from April to July, during a transition period including the driest months (April–May) and the beginning of monsoon (June–July). The new validation approach hence offers a standardized and comprehensive framework to interpret spatially and temporally the quality and uncertainty of the downscaled GRACE-derived GWS products, supporting the future efforts on GRACE downscaling methods in various hydrological contexts.
Precipitation fate and transport in a Mediterranean catchment through models calibrated on plant and stream water isotope data
Authors: Sprenger Matthias , Llorens Pilar , Gallart Francesc , Benettin Paolo , Allen Scott T. , Latron Jérôme
Published: March 2022

Abstract. To predict hydrologic responses to inputs and perturbations, it is important to understand how precipitation is stored in catchments, released back to the atmosphere via evapotranspiration (ET), or transported to aquifers and streams. We investigated this partitioning of precipitation using stable isotopes of water (2H and 18O) at the Can Vila catchment in the Spanish Pyrenees mountains. The isotope data covered four years of measurements, comprising > 550 rainfall and > 980 stream water samples, capturing intra-event variations. They were complemented by fortnightly plant-water-isotope data sampled over eight months. The isotope data were used to quantify how long it takes for water to become evapotranspiration or discharged as streamflow, using StorAge Selection (SAS) functions. We calibrated the SAS functions using a conventional approach, fitting the model solely to stream water isotope data, as well as a multi-objective calibration approach, in which the model was simultaneously fitted to tree xylem-water isotope data. Our results showed that the conventional model-fitting approach was not able to constrain the model parameters that represented the age of water supplying ET. Consequently, the ET isotope ratios simulated by the conventionally calibrated model failed to adequately simulate the observed xylem isotope ratios. However, the SAS model was capable of adequately simulating both observed stream water and xylem water isotope ratios, if those xylem water isotope observations were used in calibration (i.e., the multi-objective approach). The multi-objective-calibration approach led to a more constrained parameter space, facilitating parameter value identification. The model was tested on a segment of data reserved for validation, showing a Kling-Gupta Efficiency of 0.72, compared to the 0.83 observed during in the calibration period. The water-age dynamics inferred from the model calibrated using the conventional approach differed substantially from those inferred from the multi-objective-calibration model. The latter suggested that the median ages of water supplying evapotranspiration is much older (150–300 days) than what was suggested by the former (50–200 days). Regardless, the modeling results support recent findings in ecohydrological field studies that highlighted both subsurface heterogeneity of water storage and fluxes and the use of relatively old water by trees. We contextualized the SAS-derived water ages by also using young-water-fraction and endmember-splitting approaches, which respectively also showed the contribution of young water to streamflow was variable but sensitive to runoff rates, and that ET was largely sourced by winter precipitation, that must have resided in the subsurface across seasons.
Dynamic inflow model for a floating horizontal axis wind turbine in surge motion
Authors: Ferreira Carlos , Yu Wei , Sala Arianna , Viré Axelle
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Floating offshore wind turbines may experience large surge motions, which can cause blade–vortex interaction if they are similar to or faster than the local wind speed.
Previous research hypothesized that this blade–vortex interaction phenomenon represented a turbulent wake state or even a vortex ring state, rendering the actuator disc momentum theory and the blade element momentum theory invalid.
This hypothesis is challenged, and we show that the actuator disc momentum theory is valid and accurate in predicting the induction at the actuator in surge, even for large and fast motions.
To accomplish this, we develop a dynamic inflow model that simulates the vorticity–velocity system and the effect of motion.
The model's predictions are compared to other authors' results, a semi-free-wake vortex ring model, other dynamic inflow models, and CFD simulations of an actuator disc in surge.
The results show that surge motion and rotor–wake interaction do not result in a turbulent wake or vortex ring state and that the application of actuator disc momentum theory and blade element momentum theory is valid and accurate when applied correctly in an inertial reference frame.
In all cases, the results show excellent agreement with the higher-fidelity simulations.
The proposed dynamic inflow model includes a modified Glauert correction for highly loaded streamtubes and is accurate and simple enough to be easily implemented in most blade element momentum models.
A European approach to COVID-19 apps? A landscape analysis of apps stores in the initial stages of the health crisis
Authors: Micheli Marina , Tsinaraki Chrisa , Minghini Marco , Mitton Irena , Schade Sven , Kotsev Alex
Published: March 2022

This article explores to what extent a European approach can be identified in the COVID-19 mobile apps landscape that surfaced in the initial stages of the crisis. Based on information collected from the two most prominent app stores (Google Play for Android-powered devices and Apple’s App Store for iOS-powered devices) between April and August 2020, we examine differences between COVID-19 related apps released in European countries and elsewhere in the world. The article focuses on two aspects: the involvement of actors from the public sector in releasing COVID-19 related apps and the measures implemented for personal data protection. The findings suggest that differences exist according to the geographical context in which apps were released and the specific functions they perform. We identify specific trends in Europe that confirm a stronger emphasis on data protection than what happened on a global scale, and to a certain extent a greater involvement of the public sector through health authorities.
Contiguous identities
Authors: Saker Michael , Frith Jordan
Published: March 2022

In October 2021, Facebook, Inc. changed its name to “Meta Platforms, Inc.” A key part of this rebranding involved Facebook’s long-term focus on virtual reality (VR) and the future of the supposed Metaverse. Significantly, as of November 2021, users have only been able to access the VR space of Meta if they sign in through their social networking account. While Facebook has suggested it will change this in the future, the specifics of this future have yet to be explained. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to explore the implications of identity within VR if identity within this space is tethered to a corresponding social networking account. Here we suggest the virtual self currently being forged in Meta forms a connective tissue between (1) early accounts of online communication enabling the body to be left behind and (2) more embodied approaches to identity in the context of digitality. We then argue that the virtual self is not a singular entity per se but forms a contiguous connection between the lived experience of VR and data gathered through social media about the identity associated with said experience. Finally, we argue conceptualizations of identity in VR (and Meta’s role in identity) will only become more pressing as Meta attempts to build its supposed “Metaverse” in the coming years.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DENGAN PENYAPIHAN ASI PADA BALITA USIA 2 TAHUN DI DESA KEDUNGBULUS KECAMATAN GEMBONG KABUPATEN PATI
Authors: Sussila Asih  , Uswatun Kasanah  , Sifa Altika
Published: March 2022

Menyapih adalah membiasakan anak untuk lepas dari ASI. Di usia tertentu bayi harus dilepas dari susu ibu. Menyapih sebaiknya dilakukan minimal di usia 1 tahun tapi jangan sampai lebih dari 2 tahun. Menyapih terlalu dini memiliki resiko sebab hanya ASI yang terbaik untuk bayi, akibatnya bayi mudah terserang penyakit, antara lain diare (Meggit, 2013). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahuan ibu dengan penyapihan ASI pada balita usia 2 tahun di Desa Kedungbulus Kecamatan Gembong Kabupaten Pati Tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analitik korelasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Berdasarkan teknik total sampling diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan; 1). Sebagian besar pendidikan menengah 30 responden (75%), 2). Sebagian besar pengetahuan cukup 31 responden (77,5%), 3).sebagian besar balita usia 2 tahun sudah disapih 29 responden (72,5%), 4).ada hubungan antara variabel pendidikan ibu dengan penyapihan ASI pada balita usia 2 tahun dengan nilai signifikan 0,027 < 0,05, 5). ada hubungan antara variabel pengetahuan ibu dengan penyapihan ASI pada balita usia 2 tahun dengan nilai signifikan 0,003 < 0,05. Tenaga kesehatan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pelayanan KIA dan menggalakkan program peningkatan pemberian ASI.
Impact of Talent Management Practices among Multi-generational Workforce of Technopark, Thiruvananthapuram
Authors: Treasa D Cinderella
Published: March 2022

Talent Management is one of the most relevant practices in the Human Resource departments in various organisations. The effectiveness of the practices can vary from one individual to another. There are several practices that affects every single individual in different ways. The study aims at identifying various talent management practices in the technopark, Thiruvananthapuram. The objective of the study is to analyse the impact of here talent management practices among different generations of workforce in the Technopark. Thus, the population of the study includes individuals working in the technopark in IT sector and ITES.
The findings of the study shows that the talent management practices are more effective and beneficial for the Gen Z category of employees, who are the eldest generation in the sector. The young talents are reluctant to work in the same company for a longer period.

Keywords: Talent Management Practices, Multigenerational workforce, Human resource management.
Islamic Microfinance and Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia
Authors: Martiana Andri , Rahmanto Mukhlis
Published: March 2022

Many scholars have discussed how Islamic microfinance works to eradicate poverty. However, detailed studies reviewing the literature related to this topic in Indonesia are lacking. Using a systematic method to review, analyze, and synthesize the literature, this study highlights how IMFIs play their role in alleviating poverty in Indonesia. Seven databases of Emerald Management, Science Direct, Google Scholar (English keywords), Google Scholar (Indonesian keywords), Proquest, Scopus, and Academic Search Complete were used to gather articles published from early January 2016 to the end of 2020. From the data collected, it is found that the number of published articles with the theme “Islamic Microfinance Institutions and poverty alleviation” decreased beginning in 2019, with most of the research consisting of case studies in West Java using qualitative research methods. The impact felt by the community through the implementation of these programmes includes increasing societal welfare and reducing the number of poor micro and small entrepreneurs. This perceived influence has economic, social, and spiritual benefits that can help Indonesia’s economic and social growth. This review is expected to contribute to the evidence supporting poverty alleviation through Islamic microfinance in Indonesia. This becomes important in determining the direction of development and improvement of policies related to the problem.
Türkiye ve Seçilmiş Ülkelerin Tıbbi Ürünlerde İhracat Performanslarının İncelenmesi
Authors: DEĞİRMEN Nuriye , GÜMÜŞSOY Feride Gülsüm
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada, 1991-2019 dönemi içerisinde Türkiye, Almanya, İsviçre, ABD ve Japonya’nın tıbbi ürün endüstrisi ihracat performanslarını belirleyen etmenlerin araştırılması ve ülkelerin endüstri ihracat performanslarının karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda öncelikle sabit pazar payı analizi yardımıyla 1991-2019 döneminde ülkelerin tıbbi ürün endüstrisi ihracat performanslarındaki değişimin kaynakları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Sanayileşmiş ülkeler ile Türkiye arasında ihracat performanslarının karşılaştırılması ve endüstride sahip olunan ihracat avantaj ve dezavantajlarının belirlenebilmesi amacıyla açıklanmış karşılaştırmalı üstünlükler endeksi elde edilmiştir.

Sabit pazar analizinden elde edilen bulgulara göre; çoğu dönemde ülkelerin tıbbi ürün endüstrisindeki ihracat performanslarını belirleyen ana etmen endüstride dünya ticaretindeki artıştır. Çoğu dönemde ülkeler endüstride artan dünya ticaretine kolay ve esnek biçimde uyum sağlayamamışlardır. Türkiye, son dönemlerde endüstride rekabet edilebilirlik düzeyini önemli ölçüde arttırmaktadır. RCA endeksi sonuçlarından elde edilen bulgulara göre; Türkiye ve Japonya tıbbi ürünlerde ihracat dezavantajına sahipken; Almanya, İsviçre, ABD endüstride ihracat avantajına sahiptir. Sonuç olarak, ar-ge çalışmaları ile konunun aydınlatılmasına gereksinim olduğu ve etik açıdan sağlık bakımı ve tedavisinde kalite için sağlık ekonomisine daha fazla pay ayrılması gerektiği önerilebilir.
Archives Management in Support Official Administration in Toho Subdistrict Head Office, Mempawah Regency
Authors: Martinus Martinus , Sihaloho Nahot Tua Parlindungan , Shadrina Dina Nur
Published: March 2022

This study aims to analyze and describe the management of archives in support of administrative order at the Toho sub-district office, Toho district, Mempawah regency. This problem was chosen to look at the issues that exist in the management of archives or archives that exist, especially in the Toho District office of Mempawah Regency, especially those related to the problem of managing letters and arranging archives at the Toho Sub-district office because there are phenomena that indicate where in the management, mail or control. And the arrangement of the archives is still not done well; in other words, it has not been done as desired, or there are still some obstacles, especially those related to archive problems. Therefore, the archive is essential in supporting the orderly administration in the office so that there are no archiving problems that will make the paperwork in the office not recorded neatly or adequately. The results of this study indicate that the management, control, and arrangement of archives or archives at the Toho sub-district office are still not carried out properly, so an understanding of adequate archival equipment procedures is needed so that activities in archives management can be carried out as well as possible. This must be guided by the Governor's Regulation No. 453 of 2005 concerning reasonable and correct archival procedures.
The Effectiveness of the Role of Internal Control System in the Preparation of Regional Financial Statements
Authors: Islah Khikmatul , Harimurti Cundo , Matyja Miroslaw
Published: March 2022

The existence of regional autonomy supports changes in various sectors, including changes in financial management. This is evidenced by the birth of three packages of laws in the field of state finance, namely: Law Number 17 of 2003 concerning State Finance; Law Number 1 of 2004 concerning the State Treasury; and Law Number 15 of 2004 concerning Examination of the Management and Accountability of State Finances. These three packages of laws regulate the management of state finances more democratically and regulate sanctions for managers of state finances. To support the implementation of regional autonomy in financial management, it is necessary to anticipate deviations in the preparation of financial statements. This study aimed to analyze the Effectiveness of the Role of the Internal Control System in the Preparation of Regional Financial Reports. The research approach is a descriptive qualitative approach. The method of analysis uses a literature study. The study results on the Effectiveness of the Role of the Internal Control System in the Preparation of Regional Financial Reports indicate that the internal control system has an effective role in preparing regional financial reports. But this internal control system cannot be said to be perfect. The internal control system still has limitations because this control system is a form of prevention, reduction, improvement of deviations.
The Effect of Taxpayer Awareness, Understanding’s Knowledge of Taxation on Compliance of Small and Medium Micro Business Taxpayers at Pratama Tax Service Office Cibitung
Authors: Subagiyo Agus , Nurbaity Siti , Islah Khikmatul , Hermawan Rudianto , Junaidi Ahmad
Published: March 2022

The number of small and micro business taxpayers at the Cibitung Pratama Tax Office from year to year after the increase, but the high increase in the number of taxpayers is not directly proportional to the increase in taxpayer compliance in paying and notifying the tax. The purpose of this research is to recognize the influence of understanding, the description and knowledge of taxpayers on the compliance of small and medium-sized micro business taxpayers at KPP Pratama Cibitung. The population in this research is a small intermediate micro business taxpayer registered at KPP Pratama Cibitung. The procedure for taking illustrations in this research uses accidental sampling, on the contrary, the collection of information through the questionnaire method. The illustrations used in this research are 100 respondents. In this research, hypotheses are tested using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this research display that understanding, descriptions, and knowledge of taxpayers regarding partial taxation influence the compliance of small and medium-sized micro business taxpayers in the Cibitung Pratama Tax Office.
Lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và chức năng hô hấp của trẻ hen phế quản có ngưng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ
Authors: Lê Nguyễn Ngọc Quỳnh , Huyền Thục Thanh , Chi Lê Quỳnh , Trang Lê Huyền , Thuý Nguyễn Thị Diệu , Mai Nguyễn Thị Thanh , Sỹ Dương Quý
Published: March 2022

Hội chứng ngưng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ và hen phế quản là tình trạng viêm mạn tính đường thở, liên quan với nhau về cơ chế bệnh sinh và có tác động qua lại lẫn nhau. Chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 54 trẻ hen phế quản từ 6- 17 tuổi tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương nhằm xác định tỷ lệ ngưng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ ở trẻ hen và mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng của nhóm trẻ trên. Chẩn đoán ngưng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ bằng đa ký hô hấp. 29/54 (53,7%) trẻ hen tuổi trung bình 8,38 tuổi có ngưng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ, trong đó 26/29 (89,65%) trẻ hen bậc 2 trở lên với FENO tăng (21,55 ± 19,0 ppb). 17/29 (58,62%) trẻ hen có ngưng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ nhẹ, trẻ hen bậc 3 có tỷ lệ ngưng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ trung bình cao hơn có ý nghĩa thống kê (41,38% và 13,79%, p < 0,05). Cần quan tâm đến chẩn đoán ngưng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ ở bệnh nhân hen phế quản.
Mối liên quan giữa một số đặc điểm dịch tễ học, gen TNF-Α với nguy cơ mắc bệnh bụi phổi Silic
Authors: Việt Nguyễn , Anh Nguyễn Ngọc , Quân Phạm Thị , Hương Lê Thị , Xuân Lê Thị Thanh
Published: March 2022

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành trên 2 nhóm người lao động có tiếp xúc trực tiếp với bụi Silic tại tỉnh Hải Dương và Thái Nguyên giai đoạn từ năm 2019-2020. Nhóm có bệnh gồm 205 đối tượng nghiên cứu được chẩn đoán mắc bệnh bụi phổi Silic và nhóm so sánh với 200 người không bị mắc căn bệnh trên. Kết quả cho thấy mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa tình trạng hút thuốc và nguy cơ mắc bệnh bụi phổi Silic (OR=1,84; 95%CI:1,24-2,75, p = 0.003). Ngoài ra, có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p= 0,026 giữa nồng độ TNF-α trong máu của nhóm có bệnh (21,5 pg/mL) và nhóm so sánh (13,7 pg/mL). Nghiên cứu đã sử dụng đường cong ROC để xác định điểm cắt (0,505 pg/mL) và tính độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu của xét nghiệm TNF-α trong chẩn đoán căn bệnh này. Tuy nhiên, chưa tìm thấy mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa nhóm tuổi, giới tính, tuổi nghề và kiểu gen, alen TNF-α với nguy cơ mắc bệnh bụi phổi Silic.
El testamento digital en la nueva Ley Orgánica 3/2018, de 5 de diciembre, de protección de datos personales y garantía de los derechos digitales241
Authors: Moralejo Imbernón Nieves I.
Published: March 2022

La Ley 3/2018, de 5 de diciembre, de protección de datos personales y garantía de los derechos digitales (LOPD) incorpora a nuestro ordenamiento jurídico la novedosa regulación del testamento digital, entendido como el documento de últimas voluntades que nos permite dejar instrucciones sobre el destino de nuestros contenidos digitales en caso de fallecimiento. En Cataluña, la Ley 10/2017, de 27 de junio, de voluntades digitales, fue la primera que abordó esta cuestión en nuestro país, si bien con soluciones diferentes a la posterior LOPD no solo respecto de las personas que deben considerarse legitimadas para actuar frente a los prestadores de servicios de la sociedad de la información para ejecutar las instrucciones del causante, sino también respecto de la forma de las propias instrucciones o las actuaciones que se pueden llevar a cabo en relación con los contenidos digitales del causante.
Indemnización por incapacidad laboral permanente y jurisprudencia sobre calificación –ganancial o privativa de los incrementos dinerarios distintos del salario.
Authors: Basozabal Arrue Xabier
Published: March 2022

En la sentencia de 14 de diciembre de 2017, sobre el carácter –ganancial o privativo– de una «indemnización por incapacidad laboral permanente», el TS se separa del único precedente en la materia, la STS de 25 de marzo de 1988. Según esta, debería reputarse como rendimiento del trabajo y, si se percibe estando vigente la sociedad de gananciales, considerarse ganancial. Aquella viene a decir más recientemente que, por la estrecha relación que la indemnización guarda con la personalidad y con el resarcimiento de daños personales, se trata de un ingreso privativo. Este cambio de parecer podría resquebrajar la relativamente estable jurisprudencia sobre el tratamiento de los incrementos dinerarios distintos del salario, con su enfoque patrimonial. El presente trabajo trata de ahondar en el sentido de esa jurisprudencia y en el porqué de la nueva orientación del TS, para concluir que, probablemente, ninguna de las dos soluciones resulta justa para aquella indemnización, pues debería introducirse el factor temporal en la solución que se adopte.
Acreedores y beneficiarios ante la repudiación de la herencia. Aspectos controvertidos que derivan del artículo 1001 del CC.
Authors: García Pérez Carmen Leonor
Published: March 2022

La repudiación de la herencia en perjuicio de acreedores, supuesto que recoge el artículo 1001 del Código civil, sigue ofreciendo cuestiones discutidas no del todo resueltas. El trabajo intenta armonizar los principios del Derecho de sucesiones con los propios de la protección y garantía de los derechos de crédito, teniendo en cuenta que aceptación y repudiación son actos libres y voluntarios, no revocables y que, una vez tienen lugar, se retrotraen al momento de apertura de la sucesión. Partiendo de la plena validez y eficacia de la repudiación y, por ello, de la aceptación o acrecimiento de los beneficiarios, la regla del artículo 1001 CC va destinada, fundamentalmente, a regular la situación generada por la repudiación entre deudor y acreedores, pero no la posterior que se entabla entre deudor repudiante y beneficiarios. Es también objeto del trabajo analizar el significado y contenido de la necesaria autorización judicial previa, a fin de legitimar a los acreedores instantes del expediente de Jurisdicción voluntaria para poder trabar bienes del caudal hereditario.
La constitución del Estado de derecho
Authors: Peña Freire Antonio Manuel
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo se aboga por la existencia de una constitución del Estado de derecho formada por un conjunto de valores y principios sustancialmente morales y originariamente jurídicos, que están en relación con dimensiones constitutivas del derecho y no con exigencias contingentes planteadas al mismo desde una moralidad externa. El contenido de esta constitución se localiza en la opción institucional por el Estado de derecho como método de gobierno, es decir, en la opción por el ejercicio en forma jurídica del control social. Los principios de legalidad, en tanto que condiciones constitutivas de la forma del derecho, son parte necesaria de esa constitución. Estos principios además son la expresión normativa de una serie de valores morales: el control de la coacción arbitraria, la limitación del poder, la capacidad libre del individuo para actuar y la libertad del individuo frente a la voluntad de los otros garantizada en los procesos adjudicativos. La relación de estos valores con el derecho demuestra que este está necesariamente vinculado con la moral, pues consiste en una moral específica, en el sentido de que es la forma de expresión del control social que reclaman los valores que la forman.
El aborto en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos: algo más que un «giro procedimental»
Authors: González Moreno Juana María
Published: March 2022

En circunstancias excepcionales (como la pandemia generada por el COVID-19) es evidente el interés de los Estados en la vida natural, en su preservación y en su control (que aceptamos e incluso reclamamos). Sin embargo, este interés también existe –aunque no se ponga de manifiesto expresamente– en tiempos de normalidad, particularmente en las políticas y las leyes sobre el aborto (voluntario) así como en la evaluación de las mismas a nivel europeo. En concreto, en la evaluación que realiza el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, centrada en supervisar si los Estados cumplen (o no) con sus obligaciones (positivas) de garantizar el acceso al aborto legal, que es lo que se da en llamar el «giro procedimental» de su jurisprudencia en materia de aborto, un giro que, como explicamos en este trabajo, tiene otra cara que es su cara biopolítica.
多重抗藥性細菌防治之未來挑戰
Authors: 林永崇 林永崇 , Jung-Chung Lin 張峰義 , Feng-Yee Chang 蕭樑基
Published: March 2022

雖然現今為抗病毒(COVID-19)的年代，細菌對抗生素之抗藥性仍為當今全世界所關注之重要議題。多重抗藥性細菌造成的嚴重感染有持續成長的趨勢，為治療感染上的重大難題，所造成的醫療危機甚至已經到了影響國家安全的層級。本文以腸內菌（含大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli)及克雷伯氏肺炎桿菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)）對碳青黴烯(Carbapenem)產生抗藥性的流行病學、機轉、治療及防治為例，完整介紹多重抗藥性細菌防治之未來挑戰。

為防治多重抗藥性細菌，建議可建立臺灣多重抗藥性細菌之抗藥性機轉及流行病學調查系統，並將其提供予各醫院，以與病歷資訊連結分析。以標準化之實驗室作業執行適當的分子診斷檢驗、微生物判定、抗生素感受性試驗，以及菌株抗藥性相關連之分析，並確實記錄多重抗藥性細菌和抗生素感受性之檢驗數據及臨床衝擊影響之資料，建立資料庫並將數據用於製作臨床上和流行病學上可用之監測報告，逐年即時回饋給醫療院所、臨床醫師及防疫主管機關以更新最合適之感染管制計畫，此為未來對多重抗藥性細菌防治之挑戰。

 

Despite the current combat against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), bacterial resistance to antibiotics still remains a crucial topic of international attention. Severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria are increasing continuously, causing major difficulties in treating infections and even medical crises endangering national security. Focusing on epidemiology, mechanism, treatment, and prevention with regard to carbapenem resistance in enteric bacteria (e.g., Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae), this study comprehensively introduced the future challenges facing multidrug-resistant bacteria control.

To control multidrug-resistant bacteria, a system for investigating the drug resistance mechanism and epidemiology of multidrug-resistant bacteria in Taiwan can be established for integration with medical records of each hospital and subsequent analysis. Appropriate molecular diagnostic test, microbial identification, antibiotic susceptibility test, and analysis of the correlation of bacterial resistance were conducted with standardized laboratory operations. Data obtained from multidrug-resistant bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility tests and clinical impact data were thoroughly recorded to establish a database, where data are used to produce clinically and epidemiologically applicable surveillance reports. These reports are provided to medical institutions, clinicians, and epidemic prevention authorities on a yearly basis to update the most appropriate infection control plan. These are the crucial tasks in multidrug-resistant bacteria control.

 
Prevalence of syphilis and associated factors in the adult population treated at healthcare facilities in Vitória (ES), Brazil
Authors: Ferreira- Joaquim Batista , Gaspar Pâmela Cristina , Bigolin Alisson , Orletti Maria do Perétuo Socorro Vendramini , Pereira Fausto Edmundo Lima , Miranda Angélica Espinosa
Published: March 2022

Introduction: There are few population-sampling studies on the prevalence of syphilis in Brazil. Objectives: We aim to determine the seroprevalence of syphilis and identify factors associated with the infection in adult patients observed at six regional healthcare facilities in Vitória city, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2010 and December 2011. For individuals included in the study, a Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test and two treponemal tests (immunochromatographic and IgG ELISA assays) were performed. Demographic data, history of sexually transmitted infections, and behavioral data were collected. Results: Of the 1,502 subjects included in the study, 47% were men and 53% were women. The mean age was 41.63±14.57 years. The prevalence of syphilis was (0.9%; 95%CI 0.4–1.3) when a diagnosis of syphilis was considered with VDRL titers equal to or greater than 1:8. However, the prevalence was higher (2.8%) when a positive VDRL test, regardless of the titer, was considered. A multivariate analysis showed a significant association between syphilis and homosexual or bisexual behavior [OR=6.80; 95%CI 1.00–46.20], prior history of sexually transmitted infection [OR=16.30; 95%CI 3.61–73.41], the presence of a tattoo [OR=6.21; 95%CI 1.49–25.84], and cocaine use [OR=6.80; 95%CI 1.15–40.30]. The prevalence of positive treponemal test was 10.4%. Conclusion: The seroprevalence of active syphilis in this population was similar to that observed in other populational studies in Brazil. The high prevalence of positive treponemal tests may be due to the positive serological memory of a cured infection, but the results may also be due to cases of early or late syphilis that were not detected by the VDRL test.
Urinary tract infection in HIV-positive women
Authors: Carvalho Newton Sérgio de , Bertoldi Beatriz Zaia , Russo Patricia da Cruz
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common in women and can cause systemic repercussions. In pregnant women, for example, the occurrence of UTI or asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB) can lead to premature birth and fetal death. The generalized immune depletion caused by HIV is related to the exacerbation of infections, and may be related to UTI. Objective: The objective of this review was to evaluate the characteristics of UTI in pregnant and non-pregnant HIV-positive women as well as the factors that interfere in its occurrence. Methods: By searching the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scielo and Lilacs, we selected eleven articles that correlated UTI and HIV infection in women. Results: Our analysis showed that HIV-positive pregnant women have a higher predisposition to UTI than HIV-negative ones. The Viral Load (VL) is directly related to UTI and AB in HIV-positive non-pregnant women. TCD4 lymphocyte levels (TCD4) lower than 200 cells/mL and VL over 10,000 copies/mL are correlated with higher UTI and AB rates in HIV-positive pregnant women. There is a tendency for greater variability of pathogens in HIV-positive women and a predisposition to higher rates of antibiotic resistance in HIV-positive pregnant women. Conclusion: HIV-positive pregnant women have higher predisposition to urinary tract infection and its incidence is correlated with a high viral load and a low TCD4 count.