bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody targeting rabies virus glycoprotein
Authors: Cai Meina , Hu Ziliang , Yang Yi , Mao Ting , Liu Yacui , Lu Guangwen , Yang Fanli , Qi Jianxun , Huang Weijin , Wang Youchun
Published: April 2023

At present, the horse or human rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) used for
post-exposure prevention of human rabies (PEP) has high cost and limited
availability. It is strongly encouraged to replace RIG with equivalent
or more effective and safer products. Mouse and human monoclonal
antibodies have been shown to protect rodents from lethal rabies virus
(RABV) attacks. In this study, we reported a human-mouse chimeric
monoclonal antibody, 12-2A12, which showed a strong neutralization
potency and a wide breadth against multiple street viruses of RABV in
vitro. The antibody binds the viral glycoprotein (G) with nanomolar
affinity. The complex structure of 12-2A12 bound to RABV G reveals that
the antibody recognizes an epitope that partially overlaps with the
recognition region for the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). The
antibody therefore would interfere with the nAChR/G interaction to block
the viral receptor binding. In addition, comparison of our complex
structure with the G structure in the acidic state reveals a clear
steric clash, highlighting that the antibody would further prevent the
conformational changes of the viral glycoprotein that are essential for
membrane fusion. In light of these functional and structural data, we
believe that 12-2A12 might be developed to be included in an antibody
cocktail for potential use in human rabies PEP.
Prevalence and trends in human immunodeficiency virus-1 subtypes and drug resistance in South Korea: Analysis of 5 years’ data (2017‒2022)
Authors: Heo Jinho , Lee Seung-Tae , Kim Sinyoung , Kim Borahm , Park Younhee
Published: April 2023

The clinical guidelines for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in
HIV-infected Koreans recommend routine HIV drug resistance testing for
patients undergoing their first highly active antiretroviral therapy or
considering a change in medication after 2018. Herein, the trends in
HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance were assessed from 2017 to 2022 by
retrospectively analyzing 2,107 HIV-1-infected patients’ data. The
Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database was used to analyze each patient’s
HIV-1 polymerase ( pol) gene sequences. Subtype B infections were
predominant in the study population (75.7%). Meanwhile, CRF01_AE was
the most prevalent non-B subtype and increased from 58.4% to 73.7%
during the study period. Overall, all types of drug resistance mutations
(DRM) were detected in 34.7% of the HIV-1 pol sequences. The prevalence
of DRMs and high-level resistance mutations decreased from 39.4% to
31.6% and 16.7% to 7.7%, respectively. The prevalence of DRM was
higher in patients treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). These
findings indicate that the prevalence of non-B subtype HIV infection has
increased rapidly in South Korea, and the overall prevalence of DRMs
decreased between 2017 and 2022. Additionally, since DRM is high in
ART-treated patients, routine standard genotypic resistance testing
surveillance is important before and after the treatment.
Characterization of Microbial Communities in Urban Subway: Connotation for Indoor Environment Quality and Public Health
Authors: Liu Yongping , Zhang Lijun , Wang Duo , Shi Yewen , Tong Ling , Chen Feier , Li Xiaojing , Dong Chunyang , Zhang Jianghua
Published: April 2023

Metagenomics is a tool of novel genomic methods to accurately study the
composition of microbial communities in their ecological environment and
is used in many fields, including mass transport systems. However, the
pathogenic microbiomes found in these built environments have not been
studied, although these areas represent a potentially important point of
exposure. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to identify
microbiota sampled from the Metropolitan Transport of Shanghai (MTS) in
spring and summer. The metagenomic approach and analysis of influencing
factors were used to capture a broad spectrum of microbiota,
particularly pathogens, and models for mapping diversity and
environmental factors. The results illustrate that among all 108 aerosol
samples in spring and summer sequenced, bacteria accounted for 95.26%
of the classified genes, while the remaining 4.73% were from
eukaryotes, viruses, and archaea. We uncovered 86 pathogens matched with
the List of Pathogenic Microorganisms of Human Transmission.
Temperature, humidity, season and times of day do have significant
effects on microbiota distribution and diversity. The results of this
research provide a comprehensive and unbiased perspective on the
characteristics of microbial communities and pathogens in urban metros,
establishing a framework for exploring and assessing potential public
health risks and providing early warning of biosecurity associated with
these built environments. This study of pathogenic microbiomes in
aerosol samples will be of interest to environmental and public health
researchers.
The signature of SARS-CoV-2 evolution reflects selective pressures within human guts
Authors: Baranova Ancha , A. Zhiyanov , M. Shkurnikov , A. Nersisyan , H. Cai , A. Tonevitsky
Published: April 2023

In somatic cells, microRNAs (miRNAs) bind to the genomes of RNA viruses
and influence their translation and replication. Here we demonstrate
that a significant number of miRNA binding sites locate in the NSP4
region of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, and the intestinal human miRNAs exert
evolutionary pressure on this region. Notably, in infected cells, NSP4
promotes the formation of double-membrane vesicles, which serve as the
scaffolds for replication-transcriptional complexes and protect viral
RNA from intracellular destruction. In three years of selection, the
loss of many miRNA binding sites, in particular, those within the NSP4,
has shaped the SARS-CoV-2 genomes to promote the descendants of the BA.2
variants as the dominant strains that define current momentum of the
pandemics. Findings highlight the possibility that intestinal tissue may
significantly impact evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and may play a
pivotal role in the long COVID.
Thrombin Time is a diagnostic biomarker of sudden sensorineural hearing loss and predicts the prognosis
Authors: Chen Junying , Yang Yunhua , Huang Shuna , He Wenjuan , Lin Chang
Published: April 2023

Intro: Aim of this study is to determine whether Thrombin Time
(TT) could be used as diagnostic biomarkers and predict the prognosis
for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Methods: 61
diagnosed SSNHL patients and 65 persons undergoing physical examination
were recruited. Data of patients’ background, clinical course,
laboratory findings were collected. SSNHL patients were divided into the
effectual and ineffectual group according to the hearing recovery of the
treatment and assessed by binary logistic regression. Receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) analysis was used for the best discriminating
cut-off value of the biomarker with the corresponding sensitivity and
specificity was calculated. Results: The SSNHL group exhibited
prolonged TT (19.11±1.12s) compared with control group (17.58±2.18s,
p<0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis found a
significant positive association between TT and SSNHL with an odds ratio
(OR) 1.769 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.344-2.330,
p<0.001] in the unadjusted model. Even after adjustment
using variables included in the multivariate models, TT was
significantly predictive of SSNHL.A TT cutoff value of 17.65s provides
optimal separation between SSNHL patients and controls in ROC analysis
(AUC 0.773, 95% CI 0.689-0.856; sensitivity, 0.918; and specificity,
0.569). TT in effective group of the SSNHL patients was shorter
(18.76±1.06s) than that in ineffective group (19.43±1.09s, p=0.018). The
cutoff value of TT as progress predictors is 19.85s. The TT
<19.85s showed higher effective rate 59.09% (26/44) than that
17.65% (3/17) of TT≥19.85s. Conclusion: TT is a potential
biomarker of SSNHL and independently associated with the prognosis of
SSNHL patients.
Endodontic glide path - importance and performance techniques
Authors: Jovanovic-Medojevic Milica , Stosic Мiljan , Opacic-Galic Vanja , Petrovic Violeta
Published: April 2023

Glide path is a procedure that precedes mechanical instrumentation of the root canals. It is defined as a procedure used to expand or create a smooth tunnel from the coronal part of the root canal to its physiological terminus. It is performed using small-size hand files or specially designed mechanical NiTi instruments. An adequately created glide path extends the life of rotary NiTi instruments, enables better mechanical and chemical debridement and easier preservation of original morphology of endodontic space during further mechanical instrumentation. Frequent use of mechanical instrumentation in daily practice requires better understanding of the glide path, its significance, and instruments and techniques used for its creation.
Dynamics of unsteady fluid-flow caused by a sinusoidally varying pressure gradient through a capillary tube with Caputo-Fabrizio derivative
Authors: Sadaf Maasoomah , Perveen Zahida , Zainab Iqra , Akram Ghazala , Abbas Muhammad , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a study of the unsteady flow of second grade fluid
through a capillary tube, caused by sinusoidally varying pressure gradient,
with fractional derivative model. The fractional derivative is taken in
Caputo-Fabrizio sense. The analytical solution for the velocity profile has
been obtained for non-homogenous boundary conditions by employing the
Laplace transform and the finite Hankel transform. The influence of order of
Caputo-Fabrizio time-fractional derivative and time parameter on fluid
motion is discussed graphically.
Solution of burgers’ equation appears in fluid mechanics by multistage optimal homotopy asymptotic method
Authors: Wang Fuzhang , Shah Ali , Ahmad Imtiaz , Ahmad Hijaz , Alam Kamran , Thounthong Phatiphat
Published: April 2023

In this article, we approximate analytical solution of Burgers? equations
using the multistage homotopy asymptotic method which are utilized in modern
physics and fluid mechanics. The suggested algorithm is an accurate and
simple to-utilize semi-analytic tool for non-linear problems. In the current
research we investigation the efficiency and accuracy of the method for the
solution of non-linear PDE for large time span. Numerical comparison with
the variational iteration method shows the efficacy and accuracy of the
proposed method.
Heat and mass transport of hydromagnetic Williamson nanofluid passing through a permeable media across an extended sheet of varying thickness
Authors: Jangid Sanju , Mehta Ruchika , Singh Jagdev , Baleanu Dumitru , Alshomrani Ali
Published: April 2023

The primary goal of this work is to determine heat and mass transfer through
fluid-flows sheets dealing mathematical modelling for stagnant and varying
thick?ness, considering magnetic fields, permeability, heat source/sink,
radiation, Joule heating, chemical reactions, and buoyancy force. The
Runge-Kutta fourth order Method (RK-4th order) is used to transform PDE into
ODE utilizing similarity con?versions. To tabularize mathematical remarks of
the local parameters, RK-4th has been developed in MATLAB. For diverse
parameters under diverse constant and changing thickness circumstances of
fluid characteristics, Nusselt and Sherwood parameters are examined and
quantified. Temperature, velocity, and volume frac?tion graphical
representations are used to describe the effects of various factors. When it
comes to irregular fluid properties, the coefficient of skin friction has a
bigger impact than when it comes to continuous fluid characteristics.
However, in the situation of inconstant fluid properties, the local Nusselt
number is smaller than in the case of constant fluid characteristics. The RK
4th technique produced high precision computational results, according to
the findings.
Identifying of unknown source term for the Rayleigh-Stokes problem
Authors: Phong Tran , Kumar Devendra , Long Le
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we would like to briefly introduce some applications of
fractional derivatives in the fields of heat and fluid-flows. However, our
main focus is on study an inverse source problem for the Rayleigh-Stokes
problem. The problem is severely ill-posed. We verify the ill-posedness of
Problem 1, applying the modified Lavrentiev to construct a regularization
from the exact data. After that, we established the convergent rate between
the exact solution and its approximation. Furthermore, we have the estimate
in Lq space.
Study of a coupled system with anti-periodic boundary conditions under piecewise Caputo-Fabrizio derivative
Authors: Patanarapeelert Nichaphat , Asma Asma , Ali Arshad , Shah Kamal , Abdeljawad Thabet , Sitthiwirattham Thanin
Published: April 2023

A coupled system under Caputo-Fabrizio fractional order derivative (CFFOD) with antiperiodic boundary condition is considered. We use piecewise version of CFFOD. Sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solution by ap?plying the Banach, Krasnoselskii?s fixed point theorems. Also some appropriate results for Hyers-Ulam (H-U) stability analysis is established. Proper example is given to verify the results.
Effect of obstacles on turbulent flows in a rectangular channel from their front sides
Authors: Sari Hassoun Zakaria , Aliane Khaled , Zhao Yun-Hui , Ahmad Hijaz , Menni Younes , Lorenzini Giulio
Published: April 2023

In this piece, the impact of an obstacle's upstream edge inclination in a
rectangular channel is investigated. The main purpose of this study is to
give a better understanding of this associated phenomenon by reflecting
more accurately the different cooling techniques and to get as close as
possible to real conditions of use. This study is based on the laws of
conservation of mass, momentum, and energy, the equations are given in the
case of the 2-D flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid, depending on the
variables primitives given below. During the study, we used the FLUENT
computer code, as well as its GAMBIT mesh generator several times, which
allowed us to become more familiar with numerical simulation. The purpose of
our numerical research is to clarify physical phenomena that are described
by theory without using more expensive experimentation.
Numerical investigation of the interaction between the roughness and the triangular obstructions in a rectangular channel
Authors: Sari Hassoun , Aliane Khaled , Akgul Ali , Jarrar Rabab , Asad Jihad , Menni Younes , Ahmad Hijaz
Published: April 2023

The study is conducted around a heat exchanger, its channel is horizontal
rect?angular, its upper wall is isothermal, while its lower wall is
thermally insulated, containing extended surfaces in the form of triangular
obstacles attached in a stag?gered manner periodically. Four models of the
channel with various roughnesses were compared in this study. Square,
triangular Type 1, triangular Type 2, and triangular Type 3 roughnesses,
which are positioned on the hot top part of the channel (absorber),
downstream of the last obstacle, are examined to promote heat transfer
between the absorber and the heat transfer fluid. The case of triangular
roughness (Type 3) is the optimal case in terms of improved heat transfer.
More?over, it shows a significant decrease in terms of friction values.
A numerical study for solving multi-term fractional-order differential equations
Authors: Narsale Sonali , Jafari Hossein , Lodhi Ram
Published: April 2023

In this article, we extended operational matrices using orthonormal Boubaker
polynomials of Riemann-Liouville fractional integration and Caputo
derivative to find numerical solution of multi-term fractional-order
differential equations (FDE). The proposed method is utilized to convert FDE
into a system of algebraic equations. The convergence of the method is
proved. Examples are given to explain the simplicity, computational time and
accuracy of the method.
Response of Growth and Production of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) to Liquid Fertilizer and Cattle Manure
Authors: Candra Ifan Aulia , Lisdayani Lisdayani , Samah Eri
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this research is to improve the physical properties and fertility of soil to improve production of shallot. The research method used is a randomized block factorial design with 3 replication. The first factor was application of liquid fertilizer (N) consisting of 3 levels (N0: 0 cm3/L  water; N1: 1.5 cm3/L  water; N2: 3 cm3/L water). Second factor was cattle manure (A) consisting of 4 levels, namely: A0: 0 g; A1: 40 g cattle manure; A2: 80 g cattle manure; and A3: 120 g cattle manure. The results shown treatment with liquid fertilizer has a significant effect on plant height at weeks after planting (WAP). The study showed that treatment with liquid fertilizer has a significant effect on plant height, tuber weight per clump, and tuber weight per plot, but didn’t not have a significant effect on number of leaves and number of samplings of the shallot plants. Treatment with cattle manure has a significant effect on plant height, tuber weight per clump, tuber weight per plot, and tuber diameter, but does not have a significant effect on number of leaves and number of saplings of the shallot plants. It can be concluded that the higher the application of liquid fertilizer, up to 3 cm3/L , the higher the growth and production of shallot plants, and the higher the application of cattle manure, up to 120 g/plot the higher the growth and production of shallot plants. Keywords:  Plant height, Shallot, Soil Fertility, Tuber weight, Tuber size.
Application of Chitosan and Citric Acid Coating to Increase The Storage of Marigold Flowers (Tagetes Patula L.)
Authors: Darmawati Emmy Darmawati , Shacrudin Aulia Indri
Published: April 2023

Marigold is a flower that can be consumed (edible flower) in fresh condition. Marigold flower damage is characterized by withering and changing the color of the petals to brown (browning). Coating treatment combined with citric acid is expected to be one of the solutions to maintain quality and increase the shelf life of Marigold flowers.. This study aims to examine the effect of citric acid treatment and application of coating made from chitosan on changes in the quality of Marigold flowers as fresh edible flowers. The concentrations of chitosan (K) studied were 0.05% and 0.1%; while the concentration of citric acid (A) was 1% and 2%. Citric acid solution is sprayed first. After air dried, the flowers were sprayed with a coating solution and air-dried. All flower samples, both control and treatment, were packaged and stored at 10oC. During storage, respiration rate, moisture content, weight loss and color were measured. Organoleptic test was carried out by 35 panelists with hedonic values 0-5. The best treatment was A2K2 (2% citric acid and 0.1% chitosan) which was still accepted by the panelists (score 3) until the 6th day of storage with a moisture content of 83.04%, weight loss 21.05%, and the value of °hue 79.70°. A2K2 treatment could increase the shelf life of three days longer than the control.    Keywords:  Chitosan, Citric acid, Coating, Edible flower, Marigold flower.
The Composition of the Chemicals, Antioxidants, and Anti-Microbial Agents on the Essential Oil of the Piper Species and Its Potential as A Natural Preservative: A Review
Authors: Susanti Rina , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: April 2023

The production of safe food with a little to no artificial preservatives is the main and most important challenge for the food manufacturing industry. Increasing demand of using the safe preservatives has pushed the food industry to use the herbal or natural preservatives. The essential oil of the piper species consists of complex compounds like the monoterpene that has a power in the activity of the antioxidant and antibacterial. The object of research is the essential oil of piper species like the Piper nigrum, Piper betle, Piper retrofractum, Piper caninum, and Piper cubeba. The review methodology used in this research is the PRISMA flowchart (2020). PRISMA aims to identify the quality of papers and transparency of the number of articles. The objective of this research is to summarize the research related to the chemical content of the piper essential oil, the antioxidant and anti-microbe as the potential natural preservatives. The anti-microbe activity on the piper species shows the MIC score ranging from 1.5 to 12.8 mg/mL towards the standard of bacterial preservatives in preventing pathogens in foods. The essential oil of piper species has the higher antioxidant compared to the synthetic ones, like the BHA and BHT that have the score of IC₅₀ <50 mg/mL. The essential oil of piper species has the GRAS certification and “safe” as an additive in foods.  Keywords:  DPPH, Monoterpene, MIC, Sesquiterpene.
családon belül bántalmazottak büntetőjogi védelméről
Authors: Pápai-Tarr Ágnes
Published: April 2023

A családon belüli erőszak jelensége az emberiség történetével egyidős. Különböző történelmi korszakokban azonban más volt mind a társadalmi, erkölcsi, mind a büntetőjogi megítélése is. Napjainkra az bizonyos, hogy a büntetőjognak egy komplex és jól átgondolt védelmi rendszert kell kiépítenie és működtetnie azért, hogy a családon belül bántalmazottak jogait védje, de legalábbis erre mindenképpen kísérletet tegyen. Tanulmányomban azt vizsgálom, hogy a büntető anyagi jog a családon belül bántalmazottak hatékony védelmét milyen eszközöket felsorakoztatva igyekszik megoldani. Célom, hogy gyűjteményét adjam elsősorban azoknak a büntető anyagi jogi rendelkezéseknek, melyek a családon belüli erőszak áldozatait vagy azokat is hivatottak védeni.
Relationship between oral health service quality and patient satisfaction at community health centers in Kupang city during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Simamora Friska Deli , Ratu Jacob Matheos , Roga Anderias Umbu , Weraman Pius , Nope Hotlif Arkilaus
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Oral health service quality has been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, including in Kupang, one of the cities in the east part of Indonesia. Like in other cities, community health centers (Puskesmas) are the frontline to provide dental healthcare, including avoiding the spread of COVID-19. The objective of this study therefore is to analyze the correlation between oral health service quality  (patient safety, effectiveness, patient centeredness, waiting time, efficiency, and equity) and patients’ satisfaction during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross sectional design was used to investigate the correlation of oral health services quality and patients’ satisfaction. Structured questionnaire was used to measure patients’ satisfaction. The number of samples involved in this study were fifty people. This study employed a non-probability sampling technique known as incidental sampling. The results of this research were obtained using multivariate multiple logistic regression analysis. Results:  Patients involved in this study consist of women (60%), teenager (50%), adult (40%), educational background is senior high school (56%), junior high school (20%), employment statuses are farmer (30%) and student (28%), monthly average income is < 2 million rupiahs (and government insurance user accounting for 70%). Based on statistical analysis, there is a significant relationship between oral health service quality and patients’ satisfaction (p = 0,002). Conclusion: Patients are satisfied with oral health service quality in Kupang city during COVID-19 pandemic particularly on an equity aspect.Keywords: oral health service quality, patient satisfaction, community health center, COVID-19 pandemic
The resistance of the intracanal retention thickness with flowable short fiber reinforced composite (SFRC) materials towards fracture toughness
Authors: Tania Isabella Audy , Fitria Wiena Widyastuti
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Dental hard tissue problems were relatively high in Indonesia. If these problems were ignored, they would cause pulpal necrosis. The main treatment for this case was Root Canal Treatment (RCT). The selection of post-RCT treatment and suitable materials was important. One of the examples was short fiber reinforced composite (SFRC) which can be an option for intracanal retention treatment. This study aims to analyze the resistance of the intracanal retention thickness with flowable fiber reinforced composite materials toward fracture toughness. Methods: This research was using a correlative laboratory experimental method with a post-test group-only design. This study's samples were SFRC material inserted in 27 extracted mandibular first premolars with a length of 21 mm ± 2 mm and root canal walls width of 2 mm. All samples were given intracanal retention at a depth of 2 mm below the orifice and divided into 3 groups: intracanal retention with thickness of (A) 6 mm, (B) 5 mm, and (C) 4 mm. RCT was performed using the crown-down technique. The bonding agent was applied, and then light cured for 20 seconds. SFRC was applied according to the sample group and light cured for 20 seconds per 2 mm, followed by filling with composite resin. The sample was implanted in the dental stone 2 mm below the CEJ. The fracture toughness test was performed using UTM on the occlusal surface with a 0o tilt and crosshead of 1 mm/min. Results: The fracture toughness results of group A, B, and C are 735.44, 756.78, and 829 respectively. Statistical tests with one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference with p value = 0.412 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is no difference in resistance of the intracanal retention thickness with flowable fiber reinforced composite materials towards fracture toughness.Keywords: post-RCT treatments, intracanal retentions, SFRC, fracture toughness
1. Aspects of Interpersonal Communication –the Exchange of Communicative Intentions
Authors: Rusu Marinela
Published: April 2023

Communication is a complex process that always involves the exchange of communicative intentions. This paper is one of the efforts to contribute to the shaping of a hybrid theory of interpersonal communication that takes into account various perspectives. The basic approach is that successful communication always involves the exchange of communicative intentions. From this perspective, words do not have an equal relationship, identical to the ideas that a speaker tries to express. The paper presents the different essential characteristics of communication:

➢ it is directed towards objectives;

➢ it is a cooperation effort;

➢ consists of exchanges of ideas between speaker and listener;

➢ is socially anchored.

The paper analyzes the three types of communication intentions:

high-level intentions (beliefs, emotions, etc. that a person wants to provoke in someone else);

medium-level intentions (come in support of the means planned to achieve high-level intentions).

low level intentions (directed towards the means of achieving medium and high level intentions).

Another important aspect, analyzed in the paper is the coordination of intentions in nonverbal communication as well as skepticism in communication. Finally, a person has to make decisions about how to produce certain emotional experiences for others. Whatever the final answer to questions about the roles of intentions in interpersonal communication, researchers must recognize the diversity of ways in which intentions are communicated, highlighting the multitude of possibilities in which meaning can be expressed and understood.
4. Implementing the Concept of Artistic Efficiency: Some Sugestions for Teachers
Authors: Bularga Tatiana
Published: April 2023

In efforts to design the implementation process of innovative artistic praxeology we emerged from the assumption that TDA (teacher’s didactic action) and PAA (pupil artistic action) become fundamental values of the integration of theory and praxeology in perspective of an effective education, provided that they be widely used both horizontally and vertically, according to the pentagonal model consisting of principles: proactivity, artistic intro-opening, creation/creativity, of success, re-conceptualizing and instrumented in modern theoretical and methodological perspectives.
Central Bank Independence and its Impact on Fiscal Deficit: Evidence from India
Authors: Ahmad Bhat Aijaz , Iqbal Khan Javaid , Ahmad Bhat Sajad , Ahmad Parray Waseem
Published: April 2023

The paper explores the relationship between Central bank independence (CBI) and fiscal deficit in India. Moreover, the study tries to assess the impact of CBI on the levels of fiscal deficit. The study incorporates other variables like Gross Domestic Product, financial development, and trade openness to analyze their impact on the fiscal deficit. The study employed Auto-regressive distributed lag model (ARDL) Bounds test developed by Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (2001) to examine the long-run relationship between CBI and fiscal deficit. The study also employs a legal index for measuring CBI developed by Jasmine et al (2019) as well as an actual measure of independence developed by Cukierman (1992) to measure CBI in India. The study confirms the long-run relationship between the CBI and fiscal deficit as well as among other variables. An increase in the levels of CBI leads to falling in the levels of fiscal deficit. The other explanatory variables used in the study also confirm the long-run relationship and impact fiscal deficit negatively except for trade openness, which positively impacts the fiscal deficit.
Impact of Financial Liberalization on Export: Evidence from Kosovo
Authors: Spahiu Muhamet J. , Durguti Esat A.
Published: April 2023

The current study observes the link between export levels, GDP growth, gross savings, lending interest rates, and real interest rates. This study's evaluation approach combines an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), and Arrellano-Bover/Blundell-Bond estimation to observe the connection among export level, GDP growth, gross savings, lending interest rates, and real interest rate as a component of financial liberalization in the case of Kosovo over 12 years from 2009 to 2020. The findings reveal that GDP growth and lending interest rates have a positive impact on the level of export growth. However, as a component of financial liberalization, real interest rates have a negative impact on the level of exports. Whereas econometric analyses revealed that gross savings were insignificant. The negative relationship between the real interest rate and the level of exports represents that real interest rates restricted the financial possibility for businesses to maximize the level of exports throughout the research period. Due to the limited number of observations, this study is limited to analyzing the long-term correlations between the factors that characterize financial liberalization and export progress in the context of Kosovo. To meet the objective of growing exports, policymakers must design policies to enhance the financial system and invest in infrastructure development to encourage the business sector that exports its products or services.
Ecocide - a new crime under international law?
Authors: PANIGAJ Juraj , BERNÍKOVÁ Eva
Published: April 2023

It is indisputable that ignorance, or lack of interest, as well as underestimation of the importance of environmental protection, has an impact not only on the quality of the environment but also poses a significant risk to human health, as well as all other organisms on Earth. It is for this reason that the issue of environmental protection is increasingly discussed, topical and desirable not only at the level of individual states but also within the international community. Taking into account the above, it is for this reason that the issue of environmental protection is increasingly discussed, topical and desirable not only at the level of individual states but also within the international community. Taking into account the above, the authors in the presented article deal with a critical assessment of the appropriateness of the proposal contained in the embedding of the special crime of ecocide originating from 2021 in the Rome Statute, including the formulation of appropriate de lege ferenda proposals.
О проекте переиздания исправленной версии "Тунгусского словаря" С.М. Широкогорова
Authors: КНУППЕЛЬ Михаэль
Published: April 2023

В статье идет речь о начатой автором работе над исправленным изданием "Тунгусского словаря" С.М. Широкогорова, включающем другие тунгусологические труды Широкогорова и нынешне издание Г. Доерфера ("Etymologisch-Ethnologisches Wörterbuch tungusischer Dialekte (vornehmlich der Manschurei)". Hildesheim, Zurich, New York, 2004). Включены также дополнения самого автора и дополнения Е.Н. Широкогоровой. Кроме того, в планируемый многотомник войдут такие статьи из русско-тунгусской части "Тунгусского словаря", которые не были учтены Г. Доерфером, так как в них обнаруживаются важные отступления от форм, данных в тунгусо-русской части этого словаря. Автор подробно обсуждает принципы редактирования, приводя образец структурирования лемм в запланированном компендиуме.
К вопросу об эволюции духовных ценностей в период Гражданской войны (на примере ценностей красного движения в песенном фольклоре Сибири и Дальнего Востока)
Authors: КРАЮШКИНА Татьяна Владимировна
Published: April 2023

В статье на материале песенного фольклора периода Гражданской войны Сибири и Дальнего Востока рассмотрены духовные ценности красного движения. В качестве основных методов использовались структурно-типологический, структурно-семантический, описательный. В результате анализа были выявлены четыре группы носителей ценностей. Делаются выводы об устойчивости духовных ценностей и способности ценностей всех групп образовывать единый комплекс, выявлены законы функционирования духовных ценностей в народном сознании, обнаружена устойчивость духовных ценностей в период активного беженства.
Роль манга "Проза бродячих псов" в контексте интродукции образов представителей современной японской литературы
Authors: САНИНА Ксения Геннадьевна , РАДЧЕНКО Полина Андреевна
Published: April 2023

В статье представлен анализ особенностей интродукции образов представителей японской литературы в манга "Проза бродячих псов" и их роль в формировании интереса к японской литературе. В исследовании применялись теоретические методы исследования – анализ специализированной литературы, связанной с темой статьи и посвященной смежным проблемам истории, социологии, культурологии и филологии. Основными результатами исследования можно считать определение и описание взаимосвязи между интродукцией художественных образов японских литераторов в манга и последующим возникновением интереса к их реальным прототипам и японской литературе.
Civil law regulation of artificial Intelligence in the Russian Federation
Authors: Trokhov Maksim Sergeevich , Koloskova Olga Aleksandrovna , Glazov Ilya Dmitrievich
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this article is to identify the normative gaps in the legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence technology and related systems, as well as to identify the degree of need for a more comprehensive legal regulation. The subject of the presented work is the problems of determining artificial intelligence technology through the prism of the legal system, namely: identification of problems related to the definition of the concept of artificial intelligence technology based on regulatory sources and legal doctrine, identification of the boundaries of existing regulatory and law enforcement of artificial intelligence technology, as well as determining the legal status of the technology presented, the definition of this technology in the system of civil law relations by comparative analysis of the properties of artificial intelligence technology with the properties of each of the elements of legal relations. In the course of writing the work, a methodology based on the collection of data on legislative acts and legal regulation, as well as analytics and comparisons in the field of artificial intelligence technologies was applied. The novelty of this article lies in the fact that it discusses the current topic of legal regulation and regulatory control over the development and use of artificial intelligence. The authors investigate the ethical aspects of using AI and compare various definitions of AI, including those adopted by the United Nations, the European Union and the Russian Federation. The authors conclude that the regulation of the use of AI in the legal context is an urgent and important problem that needs to be solved to protect the rights and freedoms of citizens and ensure safety and responsibility when using artificial intelligence technologies.
The Post-Soviet period in the history of tourism development in Russia: cardinal transformations and features of development
Authors: Shulgina Olga , Shul'gina Dar'ya Pavlovna
Published: April 2023

The object of this study is the history of tourism development in Russia. The subject of the study is the factors and features of the development of Russian tourism in the post–Soviet period (from 1991 to the present). On the basis of documentary and literary sources, the factors and features of tourism development in Russia after the collapse of the unified tourist space of the USSR are characterized. Tourism is considered in the context of socio-economic transformations of post-Soviet society, in the context of changing the geopolitical position of Russia, strengthening the role of cultural and natural heritage as a resource for spatial economic development. The main conclusions of the study are: the main factors of the post-Soviet period of tourism development in Russia were the close attention of business, government, science and education to the field of tourism activity. The main contribution of the authors to the study of the topic: the periodization of the development of Russian tourism of the first thirty years of the post-Soviet era, the characteristics of each of the periods, the identification of the specifics of the use of pre-revolutionary and Soviet cultural heritage in tourism, new cultural objects and traditions of the post-Soviet period. The novelty of the study is to identify the main features and main stages of tourism development in post-Soviet Russia. The main aspects of scientific research in tourism are considered and the contribution of representatives of various sciences is revealed. The role of the import substitution trend in the development of domestic tourism and in the implementation of the Spatial Development Strategy of Russia is shown. The first results of understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of Russian tourism are presented. The research is based on historical-genetic, historical-geographical, problem-analytical and retrospective methods, as well as the method of system-structural analysis. It is shown that tourism of the post-Soviet period has become an actively developing branch of the economy, involving various groups of the population in its sphere, contributing to the search for regional brands and new opportunities for using cultural heritage objects in tourism activities.
Scientific and Production Activity of Leningrad Higher Education Institutions in the Years of the Blockade (on the Example of M.I. Kalinin Leningrad Polytechnical Institute)
Authors: Krasnozhenova Elena Evgen'evna , Kulik Sergei Vladimirovich , Prischepa Aleksandr Sergeevich
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific, practical and production activities of employees of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute named after M.I. Kalinin during blockade. The purpose of the scientific publication is to study examples of real practical assistance of employees of the Polytechnic Institute during years of the blockade through research work. In the course of the research, author used the method of comparative analysis, and presented types, features of technological improvement of performance of production operations are shown using descriptive technique. The principles of historicism and scientific objectivity helped the authors to reveal the objective factors that influenced the assistance of the industrial and labor collective of the city in production. The paper presents cases of participation of the scientific staff of the university in the organization of a number of events related to the conversion of peaceful production for military needs, participation in the development and construction of the ice route "Road of Life". In conclusion, it should be noted that the scientific and pedagogical staff of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute made a huge contribution to the organization of the work of industrial enterprises during the blockade. Most of the scientific works of the university scientists were of a practical nature. Being in extreme conditions, despite all the difficulties, teaching staff of the university continued to work, publish works, conduct experiments that made it possible to ensure the work of enterprises of the Leningrad industry, thereby making a huge contribution to the Victory over fascism.
Pro-Government Political Youth Associations in Russia: Modern History
Authors: Mikheeva Vitalina Vladimirovna
Published: April 2023

The object of scientific research is political youth associations associated with pro-government political parties of the Russian Federation during the specified period. The subject of scientific research is the activity of domestic political youth associations in the political, public, cultural and spiritual life of the Russian Federation in the modern period. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the activities of political youth associations and determining their place in the socio-political life of the Russian Federation in the 1990s - at the beginning of the XXI century. General scientific and special historical research methods were used. Among the general scientific research methods, the method of formal logic, the method of analysis, the method of synthesis, and the statistical method were used. Among the special historical methods were used: historical-comparative, historical-typological, problem-chronological, structural-functional method, historical-genetic, method of expert assessments. The article reveals the main pages of the history of political youth associations in the modern conditions of rapid rotation of youth movements. Youth associations associated with pro-government political parties of the Russian Federation are considered. Various forms of their activity are revealed. The characteristic of the political activity of organizations having a close connection with political parties is given. The ideological foundations of these associations are described. The study concluded that the key feature of pro-government youth associations in Russia is the presence of a developed idea about the possibility of broad representation of youth in power. In their activities, youth party associations, as a rule, focus on methods that may be of interest to young people – youth camps, public contests, forums, discussion platforms, pickets, rallies. At the moment, the main pro-government youth force in the country is the All-Russian public Organization "Young Guard of United Russia".
The Linguistic and Cultural Nature of the Concept of "Patriotism"
Authors: Shagbanova Khabiba Sadyrovna
Published: April 2023

The concept of "patriotism" has been the focus of research interest since the very first stages of the formation of science. Its uniqueness is due to the combination of polysemy, high nominative density and conceptual stability with a component of abstractness and active use in speech and text. This mental education is characterized by the ability to nominate actions and behavior patterns, reflect conceptual and linguistic specifics and constitutive features. The factuality component is implemented through a pair of correlates "the concept of "patriotism" – the intention of the speaker", expressing a nuclear or peripheral meaning relevant to a certain communicative situation and type of discourse. The extralinguistic aspect of the concept under study is formed by a set of culturally significant associations and the degree of interaction with a particular subsystem of the language. The article notes that the concept of "patriotism" plays a significant role in the modern national linguistic consciousness. The article focuses on understanding the concept of "patriotism" based on the traditional values of national culture. It is emphasized that the studied linguistic unit performs its functions in the aesthetic space as one of the connecting elements between the individual and society. The author attributes to the key features of this phenomenon such as praxeology, appeals of concentrated and dispersive properties, high conceptual stability, limit, polysemy.
Intensive care unit mortality and length of stay among critically ill patients with sepsis treated with corticosteroids: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chinaeke Eric E. , Yunusa Ismaeel , Love Bryan L. , Magagnoli Joseph , Reeder Claiborne E.
Published: April 2023

Objectives:

Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients worldwide, and corticosteroids are commonly used to treat it. However, the evidence supporting the use of corticosteroids in sepsis patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) is of low certainty, with conflicting results reported in previous studies. Thus, we aimed to investigate the potential association between corticosteroid treatment and various outcomes, including 30-day ICU mortality, ICU length of stay (LOS), mechanical ventilation use, new onset of infection, and hyperglycemia in patients diagnosed with sepsis and admitted to the ICU.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a cohort study utilizing data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database from 2008 to 2019. The study compared users of corticosteroids following admission to the ICU with non-users. Outcomes assessed included 30-day ICU mortality, ICU length of stay (LOS), mechanical ventilation use, new onset of infection, and hyperglycemia. Doubly robust, augmented inverse propensity weighted models were employed to control for confounders and determine the average treatment effect (ATE) of corticosteroids on study outcomes.

Results:

A total of 10,098 patients with a first diagnosis of sepsis were identified, of which 1,235 (12.2%) received corticosteroid treatment, and 8,863 (87.8%) did not. Corticosteroid use was associated with increased 30-day ICU mortality (ATE, 0.127; 95% CI, 0.083 to 0.171), ICU LOS (ATE, 1.773; 95% CI, 1.036 to 2.510), mechanical ventilation use (ATE, 0.181; 95% CI, 0.130 to 0.233), new onset of infection (ATE, 0.063; 95% CI, 0.032 to 0.094), and hyperglycemia (ATE, 0.024; 95% CI, 0.013 to 0.035) compared to non-use.

Conclusion:

The safety profile of corticosteroid therapy in sepsis patients admitted to the ICU remains a concern. Clinicians should carefully consider all available evidence and patient preferences when deciding to prescribe corticosteroids. Given the low certainty of evidence supporting the current treatment guidelines, further research is warranted to provide a more conclusive understanding of the risks and benefits associated with corticosteroid use in this patient population.
Stab injury to the lumbar spine without neurological involvement in a child
Authors: Hmamouche Oualid Mohammed , Lakhdar Faycal , Benzagmout Mohammed , Chakour Khalid , El Faiz Chaoui Mohammed
Published: April 2023

Background:

Stab wound injuries are extraordinary in the child, the thoracic and lumbar spine are the most observed. Patient could be asymptomatic and it could lead to a neurological deficit.

Case Description:

We report a case of a 15-year-old boy victim of a stab wound injury with a knife. He was neurologically intact but the local examination showed blood and clear fluid. The patient underwent surgery and the knife was removed with the reparation of a dural tear.

Conclusion:

Stab wound injuries in child are very rare, the management is clear if there is compression, bleeding or cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and the prognosis depends on the symptoms.