bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empowering physicians with a digital workflow and AI-based clinical documentation programmes at Halifax Health
Authors: Kwong Ginny , Stafford Tom
Published: July 2024

For more than 90 years, Halifax Health has offered complete healthcare and diagnostic treatment services for its local communities and ranks consistently among the top 5 per cent of all US-based hospitals for clinical outcomes. Like many healthcare organisations, Halifax Health has continued working through the transition from paper patient charts to digitally documenting patient care — a transition that has required changes to workflows and additional administrative burdens on care teams. This paper describes how Halifax Health has implemented a reimagined digital workflow with AI-based clinical documentation programmes for providers and clinical documentation teams alike. With the use of these new technologies, Halifax Health has alleviated the many administrative burdens of physicians; empowered them with clinical intelligence at the point of care; improved a range of clinical documentation metrics, including case coverage, query responses and case mix index (CMI); and enabled the electronic health record (EHR) to become what it was always meant to be: a vehicle to facilitate and empower physicians in creating better patient outcomes.
Harnessing editorial storytelling for social media marketing: The ‘secret’ to success in the new digital world has deep roots in old media
Authors: Benson Kirstin
Published: July 2024

The very same strategies that newsrooms and primary schools have used to tell stories can help brands tell stories, too — and engage with the audiences with whom they are seeking to do business with. The ‘secret’ lies in a series of six questions — why, who, what, where, when and how — that can help you thoughtfully map out your social media marketing. Answer those with intention and in alignment with your brand purpose, and you will not be so concerned with demands to ‘go viral’ or with suggestions to ‘be everywhere’. Instead, you will create content and content strategies with community in mind.
Cyber incidents: How best to work with law enforcement
Authors: Laufman David H. , Newell Sean , Reynolds Stephen , Buchwald Mike
Published: July 2024

Cyber intrusions now affect businesses and organisations of all sizes and in all sectors and industries. The United States Department of Justice employs a whole-ofgovernment approach to investigate, disrupt and deter malicious cyber activity. We work with other law enforcement agencies; the intelligence community; civil, administrative and regulatory agencies; and the military to draw upon each partner’s unique expertise and resources, and to use whichever combination of tools will be most effective in responding to and countering a particular threat. Meeting the cyberthreat requires the help and cooperation of the private sector as well. When deciding whether to notify law enforcement of a cyber incident, organisations weigh the anticipated benefits of a proactive approach against legal, business, reputational and other practical concerns. This paper explains why working with law enforcement is the smart choice before, during and after a cyber intrusion or attack. We can help victims understand what happened; we can share context and information about related incidents; we can ensure a proper investigation and preservation of evidence; we can assist victims in dealing with regulators; and we are uniquely situated to work with other parts of the federal government to respond with possible criminal prosecution, economic sanctions, diplomatic pressure, intelligence operations and military action. Although primarily directed towards victim organisations, we hope this paper helps answer questions that all organisations’ leadership and counsel may have as they decide how their response may affect their business or mission, whether they are witnesses (eg internet service providers) or victims.
Terms of business and conditions of survey : The genesis activity for teaching building surveying
Authors: Mclean Simon
Published: July 2024

Based upon many years of teaching under-graduate building surveying learners, the author has devised a starting methodology for teaching practical surveying and professionalism. The teaching starts from the principle of creating terms of business, conditions of survey and confirmation of instruction. The principle is to forge an understanding of why the learners are doing the survey, what the consequences are, that this activity at every level, even theirs, is a professional act. This is before any training on the mechanics of surveying, use of the equipment, recording methodology and report writing is undertaken. Learners understand that what you do not say is as important professionally as what you do, and that surveying is a client focused business with client expectations to meet and manage. This provides a sound platform to differentiate between the professional chartered surveyor and the property inspector. This effectively makes terms of business the genesis for teaching practical building surveying methodology.
Digital currencies: What lies ahead?
Authors: Heller Daniel
Published: July 2024

Digital or virtual currencies like Bitcoin and Ether have quickly moved to prominence in the public debate. Commentators at one end of the spectrum believe that in the not-too-distant future they will replace sovereign central bank issued currencies. At the other end of the spectrum, many are convinced that digital currencies are nothing but a bubble that will burst and disappear soon. This paper argues that the future development of digital currencies will be influenced by three concurrent, powerful forces: regulation, technological progress and economic viability. Given the dramatic price increase of digital currencies and the spread of initial coin offerings, it is highly unlikely that regulators will remain as passive as they have been in the past. Eventually, digital currencies will be regulated with the same granularity as other payment instruments and financial assets.
How to measure and strategise content growth
Authors: Cornwall Jack
Published: July 2024

This paper gives a broad overview of how search engines have attempted to improve the accuracy of their returned results over the last few years by changing their algorithms, moving away from links as the primary ranking metric and focusing on more user-centric approaches. It provides a broad overview of how to measure the niche organic performance of a website, which methods to use and which processes to undertake to achieve this. Off the back of the data obtained, the paper then describes the steps needed to grow organic presence in target niches in a prioritised fashion to maximise return on investment. Lastly, the paper attempts to mathematically quantify the value of content and content niches in a manner that bridges the gap created by Google no longer providing keyword data as it once did.
A Fortune 14 company’s journey to delivering a modern e-commerce customer experience
Authors: Case Corey
Published: July 2024

Digital transformation in business-to-business (B2B) organisations tends to move very slowly. The expectations of B2B buyers have quickly changed over the last few years. They now demand the same user experience, ease of navigation, intuitive search, robust product content and basic self-service experienced as consumers. This paradigm shift is driven mostly by the retail e-commerce experience that has evolved greatly over the last couple of decades. The challenge for the B2B marketer or e-commerce leader is that the target audience is not willing to wait a decade or two. The gap in current state compared with expected state must be closed with greater speed and urgency. It is these customer demands that prompted Cardinal Health’s medical business to initiate a journey — four years ago — to create an expected e-commerce experience. This case study highlights the Cardinal Health journey to date with an emphasis on making the case for change, developing a roadmap and executing the initial site launch.
Developing an IT strategy for a growing regional airport
Authors: Crich Nadine , Waterston Mike
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the tools and methodologies used to derive and implement an evolving IT strategy for Newcastle International Airport Limited. The process begins with an analysis of the airport's business strategy and definition of a strategy map before deriving the ways in which technology could be used as a foundation to achieve the airport's business objectives. Key technology projects are discussed and the authors describe the role of these projects in assisting the airport to implement the necessary IT systems and infrastructure to support its regional growth.
The value of building information modelling for corporate real estate
Authors: Cook Jamie Michael
Published: July 2024

Building information modelling (BIM) is an evolutionary innovation that has taken the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry by storm, with BIM being adopted fast by companies within it. But the benefits and potential of the new BIM process need to be realised by professionals outside the AEC industry and, more importantly, implemented by the C-suite members of organisations. This is essential for huge savings to be made on new or existing assets, mostly in operations, achieved by improving their functionality, operational efficiency and effectiveness. This paper first attempts to explain BIM and discuss its main benefits for clients while also developing BIM for use with facilities management (FM). With FM explained, the sub-categories within FM that can be easily linked to the BIM process are highlighted along with conceptual ideas, thinking needed from the client and important data drops for successful FM.
Next steps for cross-border payments: Aligning ambition with action
Authors: Knot Klaas
Published: July 2024

Enhancing cross-border payment arrangements is a shared global goal. Commitment, coordination and accountability will be critical to success. The Roadmap's endorsement by the G20 Leaders underlines its strong political backing from the largest financial centres. The private sector also has an important role to play in making the improvements in cross-border payments to achieve the ambitious targets of the Roadmap. Indeed, the success of the Roadmap will depend heavily on the commitment of public authorities and the private sector, working together to implement necessary improvements in existing payment infrastructure and developing new systems.
Cyber security and human resource development implications for the enterprise
Authors: Gillam Andrew R.
Published: July 2024

In contemporary society, cyber security problems are perceived as tightly aligned with the information technology (IT) field. Nevertheless, latent problems lurk within the problem domain. The bulk of cyber security problems consist of technological challenges and solutions; however, technological considerations are necessary but insufficient to fully address cyber security challenges. Most intrusion attempts are ultimately confronted by humans and many intrusion attempts succeed due to cognitive failure. This paper explores potential benefits of integrating activity to address cyber security behavioural exposures with enterprise human resource development (HRD). The human-oriented side of cyber security intersects HRD in three key underlying pillars of the non-technical discipline: economics, systems and psychology. The notion is further strengthened by the profusion of IT asset access throughout most enterprises for most worker roles. Risky cyber security behaviour is consequently a pervasive issue throughout the organisation, as virtually all employees may be confronted by intrusion activity. This paper provides a theoretical framework calling for interdisciplinary involvement throughout the enterprise to maximise cyber security awareness and tailor training for various role types. Findings are intended to more fully inform the HRD community of scholar-practitioners of the urgent need to design, deliver, implement and evaluate initiatives that could be utilised to diminish inappropriate and costly cyber security behaviour in various workplace environments.
Climate change is here to stay: Reviewing the impact of climate change on airport infrastructure
Authors: Mosvold Larsen Olav
Published: July 2024

Even if one could eliminate carbon emissions right now, the delay in the atmospheric response would — according to scientific projections — make the future climate significantly different from that of today. But as the effects of climate change will vary throughout the world, there is no single approach to take. Although we are already experiencing some of the results of climate change, the main effects will be much more evident three or four decades from now, and it is worth bearing in mind that much of the airport infrastructure erected today will be there in the new climate. All airports should carry out risk assessments of existing and new infrastructure in order to think ahead, reduce risks and costs and ensure future punctuality and regularity in the aviation sector. The experience of Avinor — Norway’s main airport operator — is that minor adaptation investments in already planned and/or ongoing projects can have a positive impact on punctuality and regularity and save on future resources. This paper sheds light on some of the main future climate effects in the world’s regions, shares experiences from Norway, and outlines some of the aspects that could be included in an airport climate change risk assessment.
Managing operational risk: Creating incentives for reporting and disclosing
Authors: Hain Sebastian
Published: July 2024

Operational risk management is acutely related to the management of people. This paper gives a systematic overview of the important incentive conflicts in managing and reporting operational risk to achieve internal as well as external risk transparency. Approaches from outside stakeholders and insurance companies are assessed and taken as inspiration for handling firms' internal obstacles. The paper focuses on firms' risk management, organisational architecture and possible incentive schemes to improve internal reporting. Monetary and non-monetary motivational aspects, sanctions and the level of monitoring linked to the source of risk are discussed. It is shown that these elements have to be balanced in order to let the incentive mechanism work.
Reinvent your supply chain through a pre-eligibility screening approach
Authors: Pruyn Scott E.
Published: July 2024

In this era of ongoing financial pressures, traditional healthcare supply chain management methods cannot adequately address the required level of cost containment reductions. A new approach that uses pre-eligibility screening techniques and applies formulary management concepts can significantly help improve end-user knowledge and compliance at the point of requisition, leading to reduced process variability and labour, increased product standardisation and optimised supply expense management.
Voice-activated change: Marketing in the age of artificial intelligence and virtual assistants
Authors: Jones Valerie K.
Published: July 2024

The Internet of Things promises to make relationships with technology more personal than ever. Voice-controlled virtual or artificial intelligence assistants such as Amazon’s Alexa or Google Assistant execute the commands of their users, providing information, entertainment, utility and convenience while enabling consumers to bypass the advertising they would typically see on a screen. This ‘screen-less’ communication presents significant challenges for brands used to ‘pushing’ messages to audiences in exchange for the content they seek in hopes of creating preference. It also raises ethical questions about data collection, usage and privacy. Little is known about the role marketing will play in the increasingly connected, voice-controlled home. This case study will explore critical cases to describe the implications, applications and opportunities for voice-controlled personal assistants in marketing and advertising in the USA.
Using social media benchmarking to inform strategy
Authors: Vahlgren Casper
Published: July 2024

With the continued growth of social media, there is an increasing volume of data available for marketers to measure, understand and use to compare the performance of one company with that of its competitors. This article outlines how social media benchmarking can be used to create performance targets for social media and measure the related key performance indicators. It also discusses how these benchmarks can be used to analyse the need and potential for market penetration. Finally, it outlines how marketers can use competitive benchmarking to deliver insights around competitor strategies and content approaches, as well as the potential hazards when doing so.
Analysing brand sentiment with social media and open source Big Data tools
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Jhunjhunwala Kishore
Published: July 2024

Branding is all about people, namely consumers. Through social media, marketers have a single platform that can provide great insights into consumer behaviour and sentiments about their brands. But leveraging this information to its fullest potential to understand how consumers think about products and brands can be cost-prohibitive or even impossible with traditional tools. Open source Big Data technologies can level the playing field for analysing customer sentiment and perception. Tools such as Hadoop and NoSQL not only make it possible to process and store large volumes of unstructured social media data cost-effectively, they provide marketers with powerful analytics capabilities for integrating new data sources with traditional enterprise data to achieve a 360° view of the customer. This paper walks the reader through modern data management and analytics frameworks that enterprises are using to gain new customer insights. It provides details on the technologies and methodologies used to enable advanced customer analytics with social media, as well as specific real-world use cases for real-time sentiment analysis and product perception analysis. Brand managers and technology leaders alike will gain an understanding of how open source Big Data frameworks can provide a cost-effective, flexible and scalable solution for leveraging social media data.
What does good engagement and communication with your major gift prospect community look like in the COVID-19 era? Ask your donors
Authors: Haworth Mary
Published: July 2024

This paper will share findings from a piece of research undertaken by the advancement team at the University of York (UoY) into the needs, interests and concerns of its donor community in the context of the global pandemic. This research helped to shape the ways in which the university’s advancement team and senior leadership colleagues continued to fundraise for UoY’s first institutional campaign. Although particularised to UoY, the paper focuses on two key transferable points: those of the importance of gathering insights from your donor community during a time of great challenge and uncertainty and how gathering around a virtual table is not as limiting as we might have anticipated. The paper aims to share some of the learnings from the research undertaken by the advancement team and to encourage advancement professionals to put your donor community at the heart of your case for support. It will provide insights into how colleagues at UoY have continued to engage, cultivate and steward their donor community despite the challenges posed to fundraising for higher education.
What lessons learned can we use from Ebola outbreaks in Western Africa 2014 and Democratic Republic of Congo 2018–19 to improve international response?
Authors: Owens Michael
Published: July 2024

The 2014 Western African Ebola outbreak challenged the global disaster response system. Various nations, organisations and non-governmental actors supported the response either by sending resources to the region and/or taking an internal focus and preparing to respond to cases potentially appearing in their region. In ether case, these actors responded by implementing protocols based on limited experience. This paper draws on the United Nations response structure and the disaster management cycle to identify the lessons learned from the 2014 outbreak and the more recent cases in the Democratic Republic of Congo, and discusses how these are applicable to a future public health emergency of international concern.
Resilience under attack: Techniques for continuing online business in the face of security compromise
Authors: Clarke Justin
Published: July 2024

As their reliance on online commerce grows, businesses are increasingly exposed to loss through unplanned outages. Security compromises represent a major cause of such outages. The traditional response to a compromised application has been to temporarily disable access to it, or to take the application offline while the issue is triaged, investigated and resolved. This can take a number of hours or even days, which can have a very real impact on business. In such cases, particularly where the vulnerability does not lead to a direct application outage, businesses will often decide to accept the risk of the security compromise in the short term. Yet this can increase the risk of the exposure being discovered by a malicious party or increase the window of opportunity for attackers where the exposure is already being exploited. It is however possible to mitigate or contain the risk of a security compromise through the use of web application firewalls (WAFs), together with appropriate organisational processes, staffing and training. WAFs allow the business to quickly and safely mitigate the risk and impact of a compromise while the issues behind the compromise are investigated and addressed. Although potentially expensive, a business case can be made for the pre-emplacement of WAFs to protect an application where the business impact of downtime is deemed critical.
The art of the possible: How data and technology can help a marketer stay true to their brand
Authors: Mcmullen Hannah
Published: July 2024

The environment in which today's marketers and advertisers now operate has undergone a seismic shift, brought about primarily by advances in consumer technology, which in turn has created the most complex consumer landscape ever faced by brand marketers. One could argue that while technology may have distanced many brands from their customers, it actually provides marketers with the tools to navigate this multi-channel environment and engage consumers with brands in a way that delivers the personalised and compelling customer experience they expect from each brand. This paper outlines how data and technology can help a marketer stay true to their brand and its goals through a deeper understanding of how people engage with brands in general. It details how brand marketers can successfully combine creativity, technology and analytics to set a brand apart from its competition and safeguard the business for the future.
Safer Together: A national action plan to advance patient safety
Authors: Brady P. Jeffrey , Gandhi Tejal K. , Mcgaffigan Patricia A. , Novak Adam , Watson Sam R.
Published: July 2024

Healthcare leaders have a duty to ensure that their organisations are safe for those receiving care and for those providing it. Despite the efforts of many organisations across the United States, progress in patient safety improvement remains limited. Lack of a unifying strategy and challenges with coordination have limited substantial improvements in patient safety. In response, the Institute for Healthcare Improvement convened a group of national organisations that formed the National Steering Committee (NSC) for Patient Safety. The NSC’s charter was to develop ‘Safer Together: A National Action Plan to Advance Patient Safety’ (Safer Together). Guided by core principles, Safer Together focuses on four foundational and interdependent areas: culture, leadership and governance; patient and family engagement; workforce safety and the learning system. Safer Together provided 17 recommendations and related tactics across each of the four foundational areas. The recommendations are supported by an organisational Self-Assessment Tool and an Implementation Resource Guide. The Safer Together action plan highlights important interdependencies among the foundational areas and the coordination and collaboration that are necessary to drive safety improvement, as well as the importance of ensuring equity in all four foundational areas. Patient and healthcare worker safety should garner more attention as the US healthcare system continues to shift from fee-for-service to valuebased payment. As a result, organisations that maintain safety as a core value will be better situated to respond to the changing reimbursement landscape. Leadership must establish safety as a core value of the organisation, then leverage their influence to foster and sustain the implementation of the foundational areas and the recommendations. Organisations that devote resources towards ensuring safety are better positioned to improve value because of less harm to both patients and staff. The following sections of this paper describe in more detail the foundational areas outlined in Safer Together, provide practical examples of what success looks like and underscore the role of the healthcare leader as a structural linchpin.
The effectiveness of corporate real estate performance: An analysis of the relationship between cost, service quality and consumer satisfaction
Authors: Varcoe Barry
Published: July 2024

Corporate real estate (CRE), embracing facilities management, provides organisations with their physical working environments. A literature review of current CRE performance practice and corresponding business management suggested the practices used in measuring and managing CRE performance tend to be narrowly focused and insular. Aligned to this is a commonplace organisational perspective that at best tends to consider CRE as a tactical component of the overall business enterprise model. This has resulted in the identification of relationships between key performance variables, both within CRE and between CRE and business, based on assumptions and received wisdom rather than explicit proof. This research considered whether there is a correlation between the CRE variables of cost performance, service quality and consumer satisfaction. Measurement tools for each variable were designed, tested in a pilot study, and then deployed within a large international organisation's UK portfolio. The research, using various recognised statistical analyses, identified no meaningful correlations between these variables. The findings have potentially significant implications for the field of CRE. They place doubts upon the previously assumed linkages between CRE input and output variables and call into question CRE's existence as a system, and thereby as a field that can systematically improve. In addition, the ability of existing practice to inform and support complex CRE decisions has to be suspect. Key CRE relationships previously thought to exist have been disproved. In seeking possible reasons for this, an expanded consumer/customer satisfaction model, embracing expectations, and a separate CRE performance value chain model have been developed.
A discrete event simulation model for airport runway operations optimisation: A case study of Cairo International Airport
Authors: Khireldin Awad , Law Colin C. H.
Published: July 2024

Runways are the major crucial infrastructure for all airports around the world. The efficient handling of runway operations is the key to ensuring that airports are running smoothly with minimal delays and reduced queuing time on both approaches and departures. Many factors affect the efficiency of runway operations, such as the aircraft wake separation, runway system configuration, the number of runways and the fleet mix. This paper aims to address how to maximise runways operations by using the discrete event simulation model (DESM) at Cairo International Airport (HECA). The study has applied the model to evaluate the operational performance of an airport with three parallel runway setups to compare the result of the DESM with the actual runway performance in different operational scenarios. As HECA has provided its results from historical operations, the proposed scenarios will help to set the new benchmark to explore the opportunities for runways performance improvements at the airport.
A 30-year view of US Latino marketing: An interview with Andrew Orci
Authors: Beniflah Jake , Orci Andrew
Published: July 2024

Within the USA, the changing demographic landscape is creating significant challenges for brand marketers across virtually all business categories. Evolving consumer tastes and preferences, coupled with new media technologies, have forced marketers to pioneer new strategies. In this interview, Andrew Orci, President and Chief Executive of Orci Advertising, a leading multicultural advertising agency, discusses what the future looks like for Latino and multicultural marketing, identifying key business trends and growth strategies.
Strategic risk: The beanstalk syndrome
Authors: Mcconnell Patrick
Published: July 2024

Growth can be good — but can also be dangerous. When firms grow with superior products and services, then directors, executives, staff, shareholders, customers, suppliers and the general economy benefit, but delivering on a ‘growth strategy’ is notoriously difficult, as such a strategy often involves committing all of the firm’s resources to achieve growth targets. If such a strategy succeeds, riches can follow but, if not, the outcome can be catastrophic. This paper looks at several examples of large financial institutions that adopted some form of aggressive growth strategy only to have it blow up when the global financial crisis (GFC) hit. All of the banks considered in this paper, in the author’s opinion, had adopted strategies that were built on significantly growing their balance sheets but they failed to manage the risks inherent in these strategies, in particular the need to manage their leverage and their liquidity. Their boards and management were, this paper argues, bedazzled by a type of ‘beanstalk syndrome’, where they believed they could, like the mythical Jack, plant some ‘magic beans’ that would somehow grow into a constant supply of profits. Prudence was abandoned as each firm discovered a ‘golden goose’ that could seemingly produce profits forever. Unlike Jack, however, the beanstalk came crashing down, killing not the giant but the bank itself. This paper argues that these cases illustrate a lack of proper strategic risk management (SRM), or the proactive management of the risks to corporate strategies. It further argues that regulators have a responsibility to ensure that boards of systemically important banks (SIBs) that adopt risky strategies, put in place the necessary risk management policies to ensure that taxpayers do not have to bail the companies out if/when the strategies fail.
A content analysis study exploring the marketing messages communicated to prospective female law school and MBA students
Authors: Gardiner Paige , Droubay Madison J. , Droubay Dalton J.
Published: July 2024

American law schools (JD) and Master of Business (MBA) programmes have made strides to recruit female students over the last two decades. As these schools begin to see an equal number of female and male students applying to their programmes, will these graduate programmes continue to market to prospective female students? This paper aims to understand how American JD and MBA programmes market to prospective female graduate students through the graduate programme admission webpages. To understand gendered marketing messages for JD and MBA graduate programmes, the researchers provide a review of the literature regarding the female, graduate school-choice model, perceived influence of the graduate admissions webpage and gendered marketing education messages. Next, using a content analysis study, the researchers examine 25 American JD and MBA programmes for frequency and type of gendered, graduate, school-choice marketing messages. The researchers offer conclusions, implications and ideas for education stakeholders.
Leveraging stakeholder engagement to reconstitute a diverse business advisory council
Authors: Sims John A. , Wiggins Roy A.
Published: July 2024

This paper looks at how academic leadership in US business schools and university advancement can work collaboratively to (re)constitute a business advisory council (BAC) comprising a more broadly diverse group of alumni and corporate partners that benefit the school, the students and the philanthropic efforts of the school. Academic leadership receives much-needed ‘real world’ advice and counsel about curricular and strategic issues; council members have an important and meaningful way to contribute to their alma mater or an academic partner in their community. If this council membership is groomed properly, advancement builds an annual donation stream that can be counted on to offset some of the financial pressures and, perhaps, can begin to source and train future candidates for the Board of  Trustees. Students not only benefit from better-informed curricula, they also begin to build important network connections with the organisational community that could benefit them when they enter the internship or post-graduation employment market. In short, taking the time and energy to reconstitute a more diverse BAC could be a win-win for all parties involved.
Femvertising: Advertising taking social responsibility to sell brands
Authors: Mamuric Nikki
Published: July 2024

Brands have taken notice of the age of #MeToo, by producing thoughtful advertising aimed at empowering women — Femvertising is winning over both marketers and females. This paper looks at femvertising as it reflects a renewed interest in women’s rights and role in society and what that means for brands and marketers. More than ever, women are seeking esteem from marketers showcasing real women to sell brands. Femvertising is also a champion of equality, leading the way for brands to take societal accountability in marketing to not only sell but also empower.
Correspondent banking business model: Challenges to reciprocity
Authors: Lyddon Bob
Published: July 2024

Reciprocity has always been a major consideration in the payments world, is integral to correspondent banking and, therefore, also to the way in which international payments are made. But this model is coming under direct threat from three directions. First, the model depends on large lines of credit extended by one bank to another, and these are no longer so palatable after the credit crunch. Secondly, banking regulations must increasingly be factored into deliberations that correspondent bankers could previously decide on volumes, values and fees. Thirdly, and most cogently, price and competition — especially in the Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) — will all but eliminate the correspondent model and supplant it with direct use of infrastructures, but without reducing costs. That could be the worst outcome of all. Outside the SEPA, banks are hamstrung by regulation and by their tie-in to high-cost IT approaches and, indeed, to the use of one another within those models. Inside or outside the SEPA, there simply is not enough money on the table to allow generous reciprocity, and that, combined with credit and regulatory considerations, will change the correspondent discussion from a partner discussion to a buyer/supplier one.
Fraud dynamics in the card payments industry: A global review of the realities of EMV deployment
Authors: Merschen Toni
Published: July 2024

This paper reviews the global status of card payment fraud against the backdrop of progressing global EMV chip card deployment. It contrasts the obvious success stories of ‘chip and PIN’ at the points of sale in many countries with the global reality of inconsistent EMV penetration and its consequences for overall fraud reduction in relevant fraud categories. It also makes some recommendations on how to remedy the current situation.
Residential property evaluation and climate change modelling
Authors: Lawson Michael , Winser Graeme
Published: July 2024

Climate change poses a first-order threat to human civilisation and governments across the world, their agencies and big and small corporations have announced climate emergencies and made commitments towards net zero emissions across a range of target dates. Regulators have tasked financial institutions in the insurance and banking sectors to expose their existing portfolios and lending practices to scrutiny as to resilience levels, preparedness and knowledge base relating to property risk level impacts from existing and emerging climate-driven property perils. The scope of these investigations has mobilised a range of consultancies and emerging climate service providers (CSPs) to support regulatory oversight and provide modelling input relative to expertise in a range of environmental issues driven by climate change. The combination of global emission scenarios and general circulation models (GCMs) with existing expertise in modelling real-world problems such as flooding, coastal erosion, storm and subsidence has produced forward-facing forecasts across the natural physical and societal risks. The regulatory results at portfolio levels have necessitated financial institutions scenario planning down to property address levels to assess overall scale of impacts and the possible provisioning requirements against multiple probabilities over decadal horizons out to 2100. These high-level assessments will in the next few years feed directly into valuation and property investigation for origination loans and the cash buyer. CSPs will inevitably seek to monetise a return on their investment in modelling for financial institutions and their unique exposure to portfolio-level provisioning as consultants to these organisations reporting to the regulator. How this data at a property level is interpreted spatially and temporally will be a unique new challenge for chartered surveyors and other property professionals within lending institutions and within the conveyancing sector. This paper looks at the development of portfolio-level climate change reporting, the scientific basis for decisioning and the real risks of assuming that scenario precision produces accurate climate outcomes at the property level. A range of evolving rule sets are proposed for lenders, valuation specialists and conveyancers to ensure reporting is fit for intended purpose.
What University of Alaska Anchorage learned from a M7.1 earthquake
Authors: Swartz Ron
Published: July 2024

Teaching university students and employees how to react during a damaging earthquake can save lives and prevent injuries. Most earthquakes are over in less than a minute, but the real work of emergency managers begins once everyone climbs out from under their safe place and checks for damage to bodies, buildings and infrastructure. Business recovery and academic continuity can take years. Supplementing uniformed responders with trained employee volunteers can make a huge difference toward recovering quickly. Universities are generally not charged with the role of providing public safety in the same way that government is, so they must train and exercise regularly to get faculty, staff, administrators and even some students to transition quickly during crisis to new responsibilities within an incident command system (ICS) command post or emergency operations centre. During an area-wide emergency like an earthquake, a university campus must be able to run a significant part of its response and recovery efforts on its own, as governments and other institutions around them around will be doing the same — and competing for similar resources. This paper will discuss the advantages and outcomes of providing emergency response training to civilian employees and students, empowering them to become first responders, recovery workers and incident managers to supplement the few professionals paid to fulfil those roles on a full-time basis.
Uncovering the elements behind a transformational consumer experience
Authors: Nair Mohan
Published: July 2024

Consumers' experience, both digital and analogue, has become a necessity for business. We are now in the era of designing the best experience for attracting and satisfying customers. In a sense, the experience has become the product or the service. But organisations that spend time and money on experience seem challenged with the business implications, namely, return on their investments. How does one measure the value of a great experience? Like advertising before the digital era, many justified it with relatively soft measures. Today, with the advent of digital access and measurement systems, the craft is more concrete in its value to the enterprise. This paper brings into focus that consumers' experience must be coupled with disruptive business models to truly activate new opportunities in the market.
Incorporating education standards into digital collections' metadata: A case study
Authors: Sheets Laura , Short Jessica
Published: July 2024

This article describes and evaluates a pilot project at the Tennessee State Library and Archives (TSLA) that involved a collaborative effort among the Education Outreach, Public Services and Digital Work Group departments to engage effectively with and deliver primary resource materials to K-12 teachers and their students, focusing primarily on an application that would not require teachers to visit the State Library and Archives in person, but instead to interact with these resources online. The article describes a collaborative research workflow and process that began in 2014 at TSLA and involved a content management system functionality (CONTENTdm's Custom Queries feature). The article outlines the incentive for the project, the participants, the process, the implementation and experience of the functionality, and the initial results and next steps. The article demonstrates how collaborations between digital collections, research staff and outreach offer opportunities to engage with and assist teachers in creative and applicable ways.
A collaborative approach to business continuity and organisational resilience when dealing with a major crisis, such as COVID-19
Authors: Romig Thomas
Published: July 2024

Most businesses are familiar with the notion of planning and developing contingency measures for foreseeable adverse situations or events that could affect their capability to deliver services or achieve their short-, medium- or long-term objectives. Not that many businesses, however, are fully prepared to face major or catastrophic events that are hard to foresee and predict. The aviation industry is currently dealing with the unforeseen and major impacts of the global COVID-19 pandemic. It is having to adapt and review established contingency plans as well as come up with new ways to mitigate the significant operational and economic impacts of this unpr ecedented situation. Airport operators have a key role to play in this situation coordinating the overall business continuity and resilience of the airport system. This paper explores some of the key aspects of tackling business continuity planning from an airport system approach, dealing not only with operational resilience but also with economic sustainability, and provides a case study of the appr oach taken at Geneva Airport in Switzerland.
Branding COVID vaccines: A nightmarish journey for branding practitioners?
Authors: Davidovic David
Published: July 2024

Branding practitioners must be having bad dreams after watching products that are experiencing the highest demand ever, selling billions of units for billions of dollars and that are used by the majority of the world’s population, carry brand identities that were not conceived, researched, tested or, apparently, given even two minutes of consideration. COVID vaccines that have been authorised or approved do not carry anything close to unique, creative, constructed trademarks or brand images. They are known — and very boringly so — for the names of the companies that developed them or are commercialising them or sometimes for the underlying technology, eg ‘mRNA’. This paper reviews some of the dynamics that got us here and discusses possible implications moving forward.
Explainable artificial intelligence: A global fast approach
Authors: Mayenberger Daniel
Published: July 2024

Decisions in the financial industry place ever-increasing reliance on artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) algorithms. These decisions span entire business lines and value chains, including customer marketing, credit underwriting, financial and capital planning, algorithmic trading and automated interaction with customers, particularly chatbots and roboadvice. The most advanced algorithms, however, are complex and inherently opaque, as they require up to hundreds of inputs, which then undergo several layers of processing that are not transparent. Such complexity and opacity raise the need for explainable AI (XAI) to understand how these algorithms produce a specific output and how they work in general. Local explain capability identifies the key determinants of a specific output while global explain capability identifies the inputs that have the highest impact on the output for the algorithm as a whole. In particular, global explain capability such as the Shapley value with computational complexity of N! is prohibitively expensive with currently available approaches. This paper presents model-agnostic approaches that provide local explain capability through counterfactuals and, most importantly, global fast explanation capability.
Fresh perspectives on the future of the office: A way forward
Authors: Diming Chris , Harris Rob , Kane Chris , Luff Max , Muir George , Rischbieth Amanda , Semple Euan , Todorova Anna , Waters Caroline , Anastassiou Eugenia
Published: July 2024

The debate about the future of the office has taken on a life of its own as a result of pandemic-induced lockdowns. The viability and utility of the home/remote/anywhere working experiment at scale has opened up challenges and opportunities — so much so that the traditional ecosystem of commercial property investment is under challenge, together with the viability of the traditional office from both the suppliers’ and users’ perspective, and even the future of city centres is being evaluated. COVID-19 has shifted the focus to the people aspect of the equation and how and where work will be carried out, given the rise in importance of employee and community health and well-being. It has also highlighted the work-from-home versus living-at-work debate. This paper engages a broad range of diverse contributors with a wealth of experience and expertise in dealing with various aspects of the built, technological and workplace landscape, including the health, well-being, anthropological, behavioural change and sustainability factors. This wide-ranging holistic approach forms the basis for creating greater awareness and proposing frameworks and approaches within the corporate real estate (CRE) space to move forward.