bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract ND06: AMG 305, a dual targeting BiTE®molecule with selective activity for solid tumors that co-express CDH3 and MSLN
Authors: Pham Elizabeth , Lutterbuese Petra , Deegen Petra , Mariano Natalie , Matthes Katja , Wahl Joachim , Bogner Pamela , Lane Joan , Wilson Kristin Lewis , Yabut Rodolfo , Naegele Virginie , Ullrich Ines , Everts Stephanie , Muenz Markus , Boehm Thomas , Stienen Sabine , Coxon Angela , Kufer Peter , Raum Tobias , Bailis Julie M.
Published: May 2023

T cell engager (TCE) molecules are a targeted immune therapy that redirect a patient’s T cells to kill tumor cells. While several TCE molecules have now advanced to approval, clinical development has been challenging, especially in the solid tumor setting. There are few solid tumor surface antigens that are tumor-specific, and antigens with even low levels of expression in normal tissue can be recognized by a TCE and result in on-target off-tumor toxicity. To overcome this challenge, we have developed AMG 305, a first-in-class, dual targeting BiTE® (bispecific T cell engager) molecule that requires binding to both P-cadherin (CDH3) and mesothelin (MSLN) for potent cytotoxic activity. Immunohistochemistry analysis shows that CDH3 and MSLN are co-expressed in multiple solid tumor types. In normal tissues, immunostaining shows fewer tissues have overlapping co-expression than expression of just one or the other target. AMG 305 relies on an avidity-based approach to engage T cells to preferentially kill CDH3+MSLN+ tumor cells, with limited activity against normal cells that express only one of the target antigens. In vitro, AMG 305 induces potent cytotoxicity against tumor cells co-expressing CDH3 and MSLN, with greatly attenuated activity against cells expressing only CDH3 or MSLN. In vivo, AMG 305 demonstrates dose-dependent antitumor activity in a CDH3+MSLN+ xenograft tumor model. AMG 305 was clinically well-tolerated in a nonclinical safety study in cynomolgus monkey. Data from IND-enabling preclinical studies support initiation of the first-in-human study of AMG 305 in CDH3+MSLN+ solid tumors in 2023.

Citation Format: Elizabeth Pham, Petra Lutterbuese, Petra Deegen, Natalie Mariano, Katja Matthes, Joachim Wahl, Pamela Bogner, Joan Lane, Kristin Lewis Wilson, Rodolfo Yabut, Virginie Naegele, Ines Ullrich, Stephanie Everts, Markus Muenz, Thomas Boehm, Sabine Stienen, Angela Coxon, Peter Kufer, Tobias Raum, Julie M. Bailis. AMG 305, a dual targeting BiTE®molecule with selective activity for solid tumors that co-express CDH3 and MSLN [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr ND06.
Immunogenetic Metabolomics Reveals Key Enzymes That Modulate CAR T-cell Metabolism and Function
Authors: Renauer Paul , Park Jonathan J. , Bai Meizhu , Acosta Arianny , Lee Won-Ho , Lin Guang Han , Zhang Yueqi , Dai Xiaoyun , Wang Guangchuan , Errami Youssef , Wu Terence , Clark Paul , Ye Lupeng , Yang Quanjun , Chen Sidi
Published: May 2023

Immune evasion is a critical step of cancer progression that remains a major obstacle for current T cell–based immunotherapies. Hence, we investigated whether it is possible to genetically reprogram T cells to exploit a common tumor-intrinsic evasion mechanism whereby cancer cells suppress T-cell function by generating a metabolically unfavorable tumor microenvironment (TME). In an in silico screen, we identified ADA and PDK1 as metabolic regulators. We then showed that overexpression (OE) of these genes enhanced the cytolysis of CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells against cognate leukemia cells, and conversely, ADA or PDK1 deficiency dampened this effect. ADA-OE in CAR T cells improved cancer cytolysis under high concentrations of adenosine, the ADA substrate, and an immunosuppressive metabolite in the TME. High-throughput transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of these CAR T cells revealed alterations of global gene expression and metabolic signatures in both ADA- and PDK1-engineered CAR T cells. Functional and immunologic analyses demonstrated that ADA-OE increased proliferation and decreased exhaustion in CD19-specific and HER2-specific CAR T cells. ADA-OE improved tumor infiltration and clearance by HER2-specific CAR T cells in an in vivo colorectal cancer model. Collectively, these data unveil systematic knowledge of metabolic reprogramming directly in CAR T cells and reveal potential targets for improving CAR T-cell therapy.
Identidades inestables en la obra de Copi
Authors: Lucia Ignacio
Published: May 2023

Las obras literarias de Copi parecen haber encontrado una más amplia recepción crítica en las últimas décadas, y esto quizá se deba a recientes cambios culturales en relación con las cuestiones de género sexual. En sus obras teatrales y narrativas, usa procedimientos ficcionales que muestran el carácter inestable de la subjetividad y de las identidades sexuales. En ese camino estético, son desestabilizadas tanto la heterosexualidad como la homosexualidad. Sus personajes parecen ser trans (mucho antes de que esa denominación se popularizara) que representan modos de existencia que ponen en entredicho la posibilidad de hablar de una esencia interior y natural, así como de su expresión exterior correlativa.
La transición de los géneros sexuales y artísticos en las obras de Mara Rita y Lorenza Böttner
Authors: Lemus Nataly , Cid Jorge
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo analiza las obras de dos artistas trans chilenas Mara Rita Villarroel y Lorenza Böttner, poeta y artista visual, respectivamente. Este artículo analiza comparativamente las consonancias temáticas y estéticas de sus propuestas desde una perspectiva queer y creep, iluminando el estrecho vínculo entre la producción artística y la voz disidente de las artistas. Tal experiencia relata cómo es vivir fuera de la norma de los roles sexo genéricos definidos por una sociedad hegemónica, en la que se privilegia la normatividad por sobre la identidad de género, entendida como la percepción subjetiva de cada uno respecto de su género.
Narrar la deriva derivando
Authors: Gasparri Javier
Published: May 2023

En este artículo nos centraremos en una serie de registros, mayormente literarios, en torno a ciertas derivas nocturnas de carácter deseante y que ponen en escena cartografías sexodisidentes de interés. Dicho interés se sostiene no solo por el modo en que funcionan como un archivo de agenciamientos de experiencias sexuales desafiantes para la normatividad urbana y política (varias de ellas ligadas al trabajo sexual masculino) a través del callejeo erótico (yire) o cruising, sino que además afectan a las formas narrativas y, especialmente, a lxs sujetxs narradorxs (sea por su correferencialidad exploratoria o por las decisiones poéticas que, en cualquier caso, configuran un conocimiento de la deriva como acompañando un "estar-ahí"). No se trata, entonces, de unas simples representaciones sino de artefactos con cierta dimensión performativa; sus huellas son parte del horizonte crítico. Los registros están conformados por pasajes de Néstor Perlongher, Pedro Lemebel, Edgardo Cozarinsky y Claudio Zeiger.
El libro imposible de Mario Bellatin: un vacío poblado de nada
Authors: Cuartas Juan Pablo
Published: May 2023

El proyecto escritural de Mario Bellatin constituye uno de los más complejos e interesantes de la narrativa latinoamericana actual. Con un comienzo a principios de la década del 90 basado en la reducción de sus recursos, dando lugar a una escritura sobria y austera, esta escritura ha evolucionado hasta alcanzar la constante recursividad de la reescritura como práctica, así como la fusión de géneros, la inclusión de fotografías y la elaboración de apócrifos. Este trabajo busca sondear el vacío en la literatura de Bellatin, tanto como noción presente en las reflexiones del autor (Bellatin 2006), como instancia que funciona de límite y condición de posibilidad de sus prácticas escriturales. El vacío en una dimensión de tres caras: el vacío que se desprende de una escritura que tiende a la elisión de elementos, el que ronda toda escritura finalmente publicada en lo que respecta a la racionalidad narrativa, pero también el vacío de aquello que no puede alcanzarse con la palabra.
Entre Moreno y Arlt: Ada María Elflein en la Patagonia
Authors: Cimadevilla Pilar María
Published: May 2023

La escritora argentina Ada María Elflein (1880-1919) publicó en 1916 en La Prensa una serie de crónicas tituladas “Paisajes cordilleranos” en las que describe un viaje realizado junto a un grupo de mujeres por la zona del Lago Nahuel Huapi. Patrocinadas por la figura de Francisco P. Moreno, Elflein escribe a lo largo de su desplazamiento su experiencia por una región que, hasta el momento, había sido recorrida y representada casi exclusivamente por varones. En este sentido, el objetivo de nuestro trabajo consiste en analizar cómo las crónicas de la escritora periodista se vinculan con lo ya dicho por Moreno sobre la zona cordillerana en su libro Apuntes preliminares (1897), al mismo tiempo que adelantan la mirada turística e industrial que aparecerá casi veinte años después en las “aguafuertes porteñas” que Roberto Arlt escribe para El Mundo como corresponsal.
Roberto Bolaño e o lumpenismo intelectual
Authors: Rodrigues Talita Jordina
Published: May 2023

A figura do intelectual na obra de Roberto Bolaño é frequentemente interpretada a partir do prisma da marginalidade. Essa categoria é definida por uma certa postura diante do universo das trocas simbólicas do campo, sendo configurada por um não-pertencimento voluntário e/ou involuntário a ele. No entanto, alguns personagens de Bolaño constituem-se como um estilema que ultrapassa esses limites, de modo que o ideal de intelectualidade do autor pode ser entendido como uma recusa não apenas ao campo, mas também, e talvez sobretudo, a um modelo político-econômico. Seguindo pistas da própria obra do escritor, este trabalho pretende apresentar a categoria do intelectual lúmpen ou do lumpenismo intelectual, ideia que se funde nos personagens Arturo Belano, Ulisses Lima, Cesárea Tinajero, Auxilio Lacouture e Benno von Archimboldi. Este último seria, por fim, a versão mais bem acabada de um modelo de intelectual pensado por Bolaño, tornando-se ele também a superação de Belano, ou seja, o último alter ego do autor.
Evolved Open-Endedness in Cultural Evolution: A New Dimension in Open-Ended Evolution Research
Authors: Borg James M. , Buskell Andrew , Kapitany Rohan , Powers Simon T. , Reindl Eva , Tennie Claudio
Published: May 2023

The goal of Artificial Life research, as articulated by Chris Langton, is “to contribute to theoretical biology by locating life-as-we-know-it within the larger picture of life-as-it-could-be.” The study and pursuit of open-ended evolution in artificial evolutionary systems exemplify this goal. However, open-ended evolution research is hampered by two fundamental issues: the struggle to replicate open-endedness in an artificial evolutionary system and our assumption that we only have one system (genetic evolution) from which to draw inspiration. We argue not only that cultural evolution should be seen as another real-world example of an open-ended evolutionary system but that the unique qualities seen in cultural evolution provide us with a new perspective from which we can assess the fundamental properties of, and ask new questions about, open-ended evolutionary systems, especially with regard to evolved open-endedness and transitions from bounded to unbounded evolution. Here we provide an overview of culture as an evolutionary system, highlight the interesting case of human cultural evolution as an open-ended evolutionary system, and contextualize cultural evolution by developing a new framework of (evolved) open-ended evolution. We go on to provide a set of new questions that can be asked once we consider cultural evolution within the framework of open-ended evolution and introduce new insights that we may be able to gain about evolved open-endedness as a result of asking these questions.
George Ignatieff: A feisty disarmament diplomat in the Cold War era
Authors: Meyer Paul
Published: May 2023

George Ignatieff had a long and distinguished diplomatic career, but only his last posting to the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament in Geneva (1969–1972) enabled him to focus on the existential threat posed by weapons of mass destruction and what could be done through arms control and disarmament to avoid a nuclear Armageddon. He was adept at maneuvering within the limits available to middle powers during the Cold War. Ignatieff was ahead of his time in proposing a professionalization of the policy development process for Canada, and in suggesting means to bridge the gap between bureaucratic and political institutions in defining security policy. Several of his ideas would be realized only years afterwards. Throughout his life he was “indefatigable in his work for peace and international security,” and his contribution to disarmament diplomacy merits renewed attention as the world enters another period of nuclear threats.
Evaluating the compressive strength of stepped scarf repaired single stiffener composite panels
Authors: Psarras Spyridon , Loutas Theodoros , Sotiriadis George , Kostopoulos Vassilis
Published: May 2023

In this study, tests were carried out on repaired 300 × 250 mm composite stiffened panels. The initial damage was assumed to be extended in a depth of the first six plies and a repair with scarf ratio of 1:50 was employed. A circular repair took place, utilizing laser-assisted ablation and the wet patches approach. The panels were tested in compression and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and Acoustic Emission (AE) were used in order to monitor the damage initiation and propagation of the panels. In addition, Phased Array (PA) was used in order to monitor the patch failure. Detailed Finite Elements (FE) models were validated against the test findings and their performance as a prediction tool for the performance of repairs on composite aeronautical structures was assessed.
Factors of Dental Care Utilization in Foreign-Born Older Chinese Americans
Authors: Mao W. , Wu B. , Yang W. , Chi I.
Published: May 2023

Good oral health is essential for healthy aging. Regular dental care utilization is instrumental to good oral health. Older immigrants tend to experience poorer oral health and less dental care use as compared with their native-born counterparts in the host country. Older immigrants are particularly vulnerable to interrupted or lost social ties and acculturation challenges after immigration to a new country. This study examined whether and to what extent social relations, acculturation, and perceived oral health needs are associated with dental care utilization in foreign-born older Chinese Americans. Data came from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago, which were collected between 2017 and 2019 ( N = 3,000). Dental care utilization was dichotomized into “yes” versus “no” in the past 2 y. Social relations were measured by positive and negative relations with spouse, family, and friends. Acculturation was measured by length of stay, behavioral acculturation, and residence in Chinatown. Perceived oral health needs were measured by the presence of problems related to teeth, gums, or bleeding. As guided by the Andersen model, separate logistic regression models were used to investigate factors of dental care utilization. An overall 23.1% reported dental care utilization. Individuals with no negative relations with spouse, family, and friends were 31%, 36%, and 38% less likely to visit a dentist, respectively. Individuals with higher levels of behavioral acculturation were 4% more likely to visit a dentist; individuals living in Chinatown were 45% less likely; and individuals with perceived oral health needs were 2.5 times more likely. Findings illustrate the importance of understanding social relations, immigration-related factors, and perceived oral health needs in dental care utilization in older immigrants.
Sources of stress among Federal Correctional Officers in Canada
Authors: Siqueira Cassiano Marcella , Ricciardelli Rosemary
Published: May 2023

Most correctional officers describe their jobs as stressful. The current study advances the scholarship on correctional stress by offering a rare qualitative analysis that identifies, provides meaning, and contextualizes sources of stress in correctional services. This study complements the correctional stress literature, which, until now, has relied primarily on quantitative methodologies to identify and assess stress determinants. Forty-four correctional officers from Canada’s federal prisons were interviewed about their primary source of stress. Findings indicate that staff (i.e., co-workers and managers), not prison residents, represent a primary source of stress in correctional work. In addition, job seniority and gossip were the main stress triggers associated with co-workers, while centralization of decision-making processes and a lack of instrumental communication and support triggered stress coming from managers.
And Hope Does Not Disappoint Us: Pauline Hope and the Lamb’s War
Authors: Buck Jennifer
Published: May 2023

Using the framework of a theologically-informed commentary on the Christian Scriptures, this essay will explore the Pauline concept of hope as well as the imagery of the lamb’s war. With a narrative approach, themes of eschatology will also inform the Quaker understanding of the Lamb’s war as a central metaphor in the ecclesial movement. Expanding from Paul’s words in Romans 5 and the Johannine language of the Lamb’s War in Revelation 17, this paper seeks to hermeneutically explore how hope is an essential truth necessary for the future of the Christian movement.
Making Sense of Hybrid Practices: The role of individual adherence to institutional logics in impact investing
Authors: Gautier Arthur , Pache Anne-Claire , Santos Filipe
Published: May 2023

Hybrid practices combine core elements of different institutional logics. As such, they elicit contrasting responses from individuals, including ignoring, rejecting and adopting them. Yet, extant research in institutional theory does not explain how individuals come to form these responses. To address this gap, we adopt a sensemaking perspective and conduct an inductive, comparative case study of 14 wealthy individuals based on life story interviews, examining their responses to impact investing, an emergent hybrid practice combining elements of the philanthropy and finance logics. Our study uncovers key contextual mechanisms by which institutions influence how individuals respond to hybrid practices, a neglected dimension in sensemaking studies. In particular, we show how individuals’ degree of adherence to the logics involved shapes how they notice, interpret and finally respond to impact investing. Contrary to what previous research suggests, our study shows that individuals who are merely familiar with the logics at play are better positioned than both novices and individuals who identify with the logics to evaluate hybrid practices positively and adopt them.
Line-Specific Energy Modeling Framework for Urban Rail Transit Systems: A Case Study of Boston
Authors: Han Zhuo , Gonzales Eric , Christofa Eleni , Oke Jimi
Published: May 2023

Urban rail transit systems play an essential role in improving mobility and efficiency. A complex rail transit network serves the Boston metropolitan area, U.S., which costs $38 million for the 422 GWh of system electricity consumed annually. With the aim of developing a tool for energy and cost reduction decision support, we propose a comprehensive machine learning framework to investigate line-specific contributions to energy. This effort builds on prior work in estimating a system-wide energy model for the Boston network. By introducing line-specific train movement and operation variables, we obtain a higher-performing model [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, the model better explains the relationship between energy and train movement, ridership, and weather variables. Most importantly, the model facilitates analyses of how each line contributes to system consumption at the hour level. We found that the non-line-specific variables made a contribution of −2.7% to the average hourly energy of consumption of −5.4 MWh with a baseline energy consumption of 39 MWh. The Red Line dominates the energy consumption among line-specific variables, contributing 2.3% to the hourly average. Our model could be further enhanced to evaluate the energy and cost impacts of line-specific strategies that may be required for future planning and disaster response, as well as for real-time energy monitoring by line.
Competition in Ride-Hailing Service Operations: Impacts on Travel Distances and Service Performance
Authors: Hryhoryeva Maryia , Leclercq Ludovic
Published: May 2023

Competition in the ride-hailing market can influence traffic congestion and deteriorate the quality of service. A customer can request to be matched with a ride-hailing vehicle from their preferred company, which might not be the nearest vacant vehicle. This can increase both the customer’s matching and pick-up waiting time and the vehicle’s travel distance to the customer, and contribute to traffic congestion. Recent studies focus on the long-term competition effect by considering network equilibrium. In this work, we target a shorter timeframe and investigate how competition influences the passenger–driver matching process, the consequent vehicle travel to the customer, and more globally the system at the operational level. To this end, we propose a modeling and simulation framework based on the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD). We apply the so-called M-model, a continuum approximation of the trip-based MFD. Compared with the accumulation-based approach, it explicitly monitors the remaining travel distance of all vehicles. We extend the mathematical M-model decomposition and focus on accurate dynamic estimation of trip lengths for the different vehicle states based on the immediate system state. For this, we suggest creating an additional proxy simulation framework replicating the demand requests and the service vehicle movements. We propose calibrating the matching function by sampling observations on a proxy grid network. Finally, we assess and compare different matching processes that define diverse competition scenarios: competition, cooperation, and competition with partial cooperation (coopetition). The cooperation scenario shows the best results in service performance.
Expressway Rear-End Conflict Pattern Classification and Modeling
Authors: Ma Wanjing , Miao Yunting , He Ziliang , Wang Ling , Abdel-Aty Mohamed
Published: May 2023

The study of expressway rear-end conflicts is of great significance to analyze driving behaviors and improve traffic safety. However, research on the classification and modeling of conflict patterns is still lacking. This study aimed to explore conflict patterns and their relationship with influencing factors. The conflict data used in this study was extracted from a trajectory data set that collected 3 h of data during a morning peak hour on an expressway in Shanghai, China. An improved k-means algorithm, which can automatically obtain the optimal number of clusters, was used to classify the conflict events into six conflict patterns. The conflict patterns were interpreted from five aspects: risk level, speed of risk-changing, risk-avoidance response, risk-avoidance attitude, and risk-avoidance action. Furthermore, a multivariate Poisson-lognormal (MVPLN) model considering spatial–temporal correlation was applied. The relationship between the independent variables and the number of each conflict pattern within the spatial–temporal unit was obtained. The root mean square error of the MVPLN model was 0.81. Compared with univariate Poisson model, univariate negative binomial model, and univariate Poisson-lognormal model, the MVPLN model improved by 73.8%, 81.3%, and 29.6% in accuracy respectively. The results of this study can classify expressway rear-end conflict patterns and obtain the number of each conflict pattern within spatial–temporal units using available traffic data.
Evaluation of the Hawaii Modified Delaware Retrofit Thrie-Beam Bridge Railing and Approach Guardrail Transition
Authors: Asadollahi Pajouh Mojdeh , Lechtenberg Karla A. , Faller Ronald K. , Rosenbaugh Scott , Bielenberg Robert W.
Published: May 2023

The Hawaii Department of Transportation (HDOT) utilizes the Hawaii Modified Delaware Retrofit Thrie-Beam Bridge Rail to safely redirect vehicles on bridges with elevated sidewalks. However, the crashworthiness of this bridge rail has not been investigated under current impact safety standards. This bridge rail consists of a 10-gauge thrie-beam rail supported by W6x25 steel posts spaced at 6 ft 3 in. on-center. The top-mounted posts are anchored to an elevated concrete sidewalk ranging in height from 6 in. to 9 in. The ends of the bridge rail are connected to thrie-beam approach guardrail transitions (AGTs), which were designed to safely transition from a more flexible W-beam guardrail to the stiffer thrie-beam bridge rail. The objective of this research was to evaluate the Hawaii Modified Delaware Retrofit Thrie-Beam Bridge Rail and its associated AGT through full-scale crash testing in accordance with AASHTO’s Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test Level 3 (TL-3) safety criteria. Three crash tests were conducted on the bridge rail, including tests on both the 6 in.- and 9 in.-tall sidewalk configurations. Four crash tests were conducted on the AGT, two of which resulted in excessive occupant compartment deformations that required design modifications and retesting. This paper details the crash test evaluations of both the bridge rail and AGT, the modifications made to the AGT to satisfy MASH TL-3 safety criteria, and recommendations for implementation of the system.
Feasibility of Battery Electric Pickup Trucks in a State Department of Transportation Fleet
Authors: Goodall Noah J. , Robartes Erin
Published: May 2023

Vehicle manufacturers are beginning to introduce battery electric pickup trucks, with at least three models in production in the United States and at least six others announced. Unlike hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicles, which use batteries to supplement an internal combustion engine, battery electric vehicles are fully reliant on their batteries and have significantly shorter ranges, fewer refueling/recharging options, and may experience shorter ranges under towing, mountain driving, and temperature extremes. This study investigated real-world pickup truck usage data from a large state department of transportation to determine whether battery electric trucks could effectively replace trucks based on manufacturer-stated range as well as early field tests of actual vehicle range under various speeds, idling scenarios, and weather conditions. The results indicated that 97% of pickup truck day trips could be completed on a standard range battery, and 99% on an extended range battery. Among tracked department of transportation fleet pickup trucks, 31% could be replaced by a standard range electric truck with no change in operation; and up to 64% of the fleet with an extended range could be replaced by an extended range electric truck. Dynamically assigning long trips to dedicated conventional engine pickup trucks could further reduce the number of nonelectric trucks required by half.
The Multimodal Accessibility Target (MAT)
Authors: Patterson Zachary , Bensmihen Aaron , Hermanson Gavin
Published: May 2023

If an infrastructure intervention, such as the conversion of a car lane into a dedicated bus lane, decreases automobile accessibility but increases transit accessibility, what is the overall effect on accessibility? To date, no methods have been proposed to evaluate this question. Accessibility research in the transportation and land-use literature has been dominated by unimodal and comparative approaches to analyzing accessibility. Little attention has been paid to quantifying multimodal accessibility or to the interactions between modes, and how these might affect overall accessibility. Moreover, the use of targets for accessibility in planning has been largely ignored. Particularly important to the evaluation of transportation planning outcomes is accessibility to employment, as this is a key element and predictor of urban economic prosperity. This study, building on the work of Alain Bertaud, proposed the multimodal accessibility target or MAT. The MAT provides a more accurate picture of overall (across mode) accessibility to jobs in a city, and can be used to evaluate transportation infrastructure investments. It also provides a target for accessibility that is an easily interpretable indicator that can serve as a goal in accessibility-based transportation planning. A case study of the proposed implementation of a bus rapid transit (BRT) system in Montreal, Canada was used as an empirical example of the use of the MAT. In the case study, predicted multimodal accessibility to employment in the study area (and thereby the MAT) was found to increase with BRT compared with the base case scenario.
Dysphagia in Older Adults is Associated With Food Insecurity and Being Homebound
Authors: Jones Harrison N. , Leiman David A. , Porter Starr Kathryn N. , North Rebecca , Pieper Carl F. , Robison Raele D. , Cohen Seth M.
Published: May 2023

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate relationships between swallowing difficulty (dysphagia) and social determinants of health (SDOH) in older adults ≥65 years. Method: Cross-sectional analyses were performed in community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries from the National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS). The primary exposure was self-reported difficulty chewing/swallowing in the prior month. Dependent measures included a variety of SDOH outcomes (e.g., food insecurity [FI]). Weighted logistic regression models were estimated to determine associations between dysphagia and SDOH outcomes. Results: Of 4041 participants, 428 (10.6%) self-reported dysphagia. In the adjusted model, dysphagia was associated with significantly increased odds for FI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06, 2.07, p = .023) and being homebound (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.55, p= < .001). Discussion: Older adults with dysphagia had increased odds of FI and being homebound. These associations have implications for health-promoting interventions at the individual and policy levels in older adults.
Characterization of Oral Pathology in Cats Affected by Patellar Fracture and Dental Anomaly Syndrome (PADS)
Authors: Bell Cynthia M , Edstrom Emily , Shope Bonnie , Carmichael Daniel , Buelow Mary , Bailey Steven J , Langley-Hobbs Sorrel J
Published: May 2023

Patellar fracture and dental anomaly syndrome (PADS) is a congenital bone disease of cats that is characterized by atraumatic bone fractures (most commonly the patella), the persistence of deciduous teeth, and impaction of permanent teeth. Jaw swelling due to osteomyelitis is often the reason that cats with PADS are presented for veterinary dental care. The clinical history, oral examination findings, dental radiological findings, and histopathology were evaluated for 13 cats with dental and skeletal pathology consistent with PADS, including 9 with osteomyelitis. Cats in this study were predominantly domestic shorthair (12 of 13 cats), and there was no apparent sex predilection. All cats had multiple persistent deciduous teeth and multiple impacted permanent teeth, although the number of persistent and impacted teeth varied. Osteomyelitis of the jaw typically occurred within the first 4 years of life. Osteomyelitis of the mandible was 4 times more common than osteomyelitis of the maxilla. Histologically, osteomyelitis was chronic, neutrophilic, and osteoproliferative. Necrotic bone was confirmed in 67% of osteomyelitis lesions. Histological evaluation of jaws without inflammation demonstrated abnormal amounts of unmodeled bone, abnormally dense bone, and retention of cartilage in the caudal mandible. Three cats in the study had mandibular distoclusion and 2 had concurrent paronychia. To obtain a favorable clinical outcome in PADS cats with jaw swelling, prompt and aggressive surgical treatment of osteomyelitis is required. Extraction of persistent deciduous teeth and impacted permanent teeth is recommended when there is associated periodontitis or osteomyelitis.
Surface morphology and experimental investigation on joint characteristics of solid-state welded duplex stainless steel tubes
Authors: Madhappan Deepak Kumar , Ponnusamy Kumaraswamy Palani , Munusamy Arulraj
Published: May 2023

The aim of this work was to systematically find the optimum parameter combination using the response surface methodology (RSM) technique for welding of UNS S31803 tubes and to find the effect of parameters on mechanical and metallurgical properties. In the present work, the experimental investigations of friction-welded UNS S31803 tube joints are discussed in detail with characterization, radiography, and corrosion studies. The most important parameter that has the greatest impact on the tensile strength of the joints is the upset pressure, which is followed by heating time, heating pressure, and upset time. As the upset pressure and time increased, the joint strength also increased. The radiographic evaluation of the weldments revealed no significant flaws at the weld contact. In comparison to the parent metal zone, the microstructure indicated coarse grain structure in the weld metal zone, with grain orientation changing with upset time. For the optimal parameter combination, the austenite phase is primarily spread in the weld metal zone. In comparison to the partially deformed zone and the parent metal zone, the weld zone had lower hardness values. In the high strength and optimum parameter joints, fractography investigation revealed ductile failure.
Climate change, site formation, and indigenous use of coastlines in Barbuda
Authors: Rivera-Collazo Isabel C. , Perdikaris Sophia
Published: May 2023

This article explores the landscape dynamics at the island of Barbuda in the context of changing climate to understand (1) the environmental setting of indigenous settlements; (2) the impacts of current coastal processes; and (3) the potential threats moving forward toward increasing pressure of climate change. Focusing on the site of Seaview, on the east coast of Barbuda, we use geoarchaeological methods to reconstruct the ancient geomorphological setting, investigate changes post-abandonment, and identify the hazards faced under future sea-level projections. Our study shows that (1) sea level stabilization after the Mid-Holocene allowed the formation of coral reefs, seagrass beds and other benthic ecosystems that allowed for biogenic sediment accumulation and growth of sand dune retention ridges. (2) These environmental characteristics, including rich marine food sources, supported the establishment and flourishing of Seaview starting ca. 160 BC. (3) Occupation ended at some point between AD960 and 1000. This change coincided with a period of increased storminess, higher SSTs, and possible coral reef mortality that affected both food availability and sediment supply. (4) Lack of sediments triggered progressive sand dune erosion that continues today and has left the sand dune ridge past the tipping point of erosion. (5) Looking into a future of rapidly changing climate, sea level rise poses a severe and devastating threat to the land- and seascapes of Barbuda. With the lowland coastal plain at or only slightly above current sea level, a rate of SLR comparable to Mid-Holocene rates, and rapid loss of sand dune ridges and coral reefs as natural barriers, it is just a matter of time before the lowlands become transformed beyond recognition. The results of this analysis can be used to improve long-term management of the heritage resources of Barbudans and shed light on parallel challenges experienced on other tropical coastal locations.
Use of Fixed-dose Combination Therapy with Remogliflozin and Vildagliptin as an Add-on Drug in Improving the Glycemic Control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Observational Study
Authors: Petchiappan Velammal , Mathew Elsa , Jose Josna , Fardan Mohamed , Chidambaram Yoganathan , Thangavelu Saravanan
Published: May 2023

Objective

To evaluate whether a fixed dose combination (FDC) with remogliflozin and vildagliptin as an add-on therapy can improve the glycemic control in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and also the non-glycemic effects on physical profile, blood pressure, lipids, and insulin resistance.

Materials and Methods

An observational study that included 50 poorly controlled diabetics from April 2021 to September 2021. Patients were divided into two groups – those who were prescribed this FDC by their treating physician as an add-on drug were formed as group 1 ( n = 28). Comparison group was age-matched patients who received other standard anti-diabetic medications, categorized as group 2 ( n = 22). Fasting and postprandial sugars were done at baseline, the third and sixth month; glycated hemoglobin, body mass index, blood pressure, and lipids were done at baseline and the sixth month. Changes in blood sugar levels and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) at the third and sixth month from the baseline were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. P-value less than 5% was considered statistically significant.

Results

A statistically significant reduction in mean HbA1c was noted in group 1 [–1.80 (−3.20, −0.15)] when compared to group 2 [0.50 (0.05, 0.80)] at the end of the third month. At the end of the sixth month, a significant reduction in the HbA1c level was noted in group 1 [(7.83 ± 0.87 %) when compared to baseline (10.3 ± 1.75%)]. Change in PPBS value at the third month from baseline was also statistically significant between groups 1 and 2 (−62.0 mg%, 19.0, P = 0.003). With respect to the body mass index and blood pressure, we did not find any significant difference.

Conclusion

The fixed drug combination improves glycemic control by significantly reducing mean HbA1c at the third and sixth month from baseline and there was no significant effect on body mass index, blood pressure, and lipids.
Students as a Nexus of Cultural Diplomacy: Estimating the Outcomes of the International Higher Education Scholarship Program in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Warangkana , Chan Sheng-Ju
Published: May 2023

Internationalization policy in higher education facilitates a nation's economic growth and demonstrates generosity to other nations. This study investigates the impact of the International Higher Education Scholarship Program of the International Cooperation and Development Fund on recipients’ perceptions of and experiences in Taiwan. Based on the management, education, medical science, and engineering programs of four case study universities, it finds attitudinal changes, increased intercultural competence, and signs of institution transfer and knowledge network formation. Socialization has fostered scholarship holders’ cultural affinity and shared identity with Taiwan. As higher education institutions promote knowledge sharing and cultural diffusion, international students are also a nexus of cultural diplomacy, the attractions of which are more conspicuous than knowledge diplomacy's benefits. The empirical evidence of this study helps delineate theoretical frameworks of diplomacy in international higher education. Its longitudinal observation of alumni career trajectories can enrich cross-sectional evaluation.
Preschool Language Environments and Social Interactions in an Early Intervention Classroom: A Pilot Study
Authors: Custode Stephanie A. , Bailey Jhonelle , Sun Lei , Katz Lynne , Ullery MaryAnne , Messinger Daniel , Bulotsky-Shearer Rebecca J. , Perry Lynn K.
Published: May 2023

Preschoolers’ language abilities are associated with their social interactions in early childhood classrooms. Few studies, however, have examined associations between social interactions and objective measures of children’s real-time classroom language environments, information key to informing interventions to support preschool children at risk for language delays. In this pilot study, we examined associations between objective measures of real-time language environments (input and output) recorded via the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) system and observations of children’s positive and negative interactions with peers and teachers in an early intervention classroom for children with developmental delays ( n = 9, seven girls). Mixed effects regression models revealed associations between children’s language environments (input and output) and their social interactions with peers and teachers. More talkative children were more likely to have a high number of positive peer interactions. Children who received more language input from teachers were more likely to have a higher number of positive teacher–child interactions, an effect that was stronger for children with the lowest language output. The results of this pilot study build on prior research by using real-time objective measurement to examine how children’s language input from peers and teachers and children’s own language output supports positive interactions within early intervention classrooms.
The Impact of Midodrine Tapering Versus Nontapering Regimens on the Clinical Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gramish Jawaher , Hattan Ahmed , Aljuhani Ohoud , Parameaswari P. J. , Alshehri Shaden , Korayem Ghazwa B. , Alkofide Hadeel , Alalawi Mai , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Alsowaida Yazed Saleh , Alqahtani Rahaf , Binorayir Luluh , Abutaleb Mohammed , Alotaibi Alanoud , Aljohani Majidah , Aljohani Sarah , Samreen Sana , Jawhari Suad , Alanazi Raghad , Al Sulaiman Khalid A.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Midodrine has been used in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting to reduce the time to vasopressor discontinuation. The limited data supporting midodrine use have led to variability in the pattern of initiation and discontinuation of midodrine.

Objectives:

To compare the effectiveness and safety of 2 midodrine discontinuation regimens during weaning vasopressors in critically ill patients.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City. Included patients were adults admitted to ICU who received midodrine after being unable to be weaned from intravenous vasopressors for more than 24 hours. Patients were categorized into two subgroups depending on the pattern of midodrine discontinuation (tapered dosing regimen vs. nontapered regimen). The primary endpoint was the incidence of inotropes and vasopressors re-initiation after midodrine discontinuation.

Results:

The incidence of inotropes or vasopressors’ re-initiation after discontinuation of midodrine was lower in the tapering group (15.4%) compared with the non-tapering group (40.7%) in the crude analysis as well as regression analysis (odd ratio [OR] = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.73, P = 0.02). The time required for the antihypertensive medication(s) initiation after midodrine discontinuation was longer in patients who had dose tapering (beta coefficient (95% CI): 3.11 (0.95, 5.28), P = 0.005). Moreover, inotrope or vasopressor requirement was lower 24 hours post midodrine initiation. In contrast, the two groups had no statistically significant differences in 30-day mortality, in-hospital mortality, or ICU length of stay.

Conclusion and Relevance:

These real-life data showed that tapering midodrine dosage before discontinuation in critically ill patients during weaning from vasopressor aids in reducing the frequency of inotrope or vasopressor re-initiation. Application of such a strategy might be a reasonable approach among ICU patients unless contraindicated.
Advanced Processing of 4D Body Scanning Technology for the Ergonomic Design of Products and Environments
Authors: Alemany Sandra , Valero Jorge , Ballester Alfredo
Published: May 2023

Anthropometrics have been crucial in the development of ergonomics. Traditionally, anthropometric data were summarized in statistical tables (means, percentiles, etc.,) that were then applied in the design process of products and environments. The emergence of 3D body scanners ushered in a new age for anthropometric research by providing, in addition to digital body measurements, a 3D representation of the body. Nowadays, the latest 4D scanning technology is able to capture the 3D body in motion. The complexity of these captures entails new challenges related to the processing, analysis, and synthesis of body data used to support ergonomics in design.
Linking the Perceived Strength Supports Both From Organization and Supervisor to Performances: The Roles of Strengths-Based Climate and Meaningful Task
Authors: Hai Shenyang , Park In-Jo
Published: May 2023

Although employee strengths use has gained popularity in academia and practice, our understanding of its effective application for maximizing employee performance remains insufficient. This study investigates the interaction between perceived organizational and supervisor support for strengths use and employees’ strengths-based psychological climate and job performance. Using multi-wave data from 241 employee–supervisor dyads, the results of polynomial regression equations with a response surface analysis show that the higher the congruence between perceived organizational and supervisor support for strengths use, the better the strengths-based psychological climate. The congruence between these two forms of support has indirect effects on task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) via the strengths-based psychological climate. Furthermore, while meaningful work is found to enhance the indirect effect of congruence on task performance through the strengths-based psychological climate, task interdependence does not strengthen the indirect effect of congruence on OCB. This study highlights the importance of the congruence between perceived organizational and supervisor support for strengths use in promoting employee performance and provides several useful practical implications for both organizations and career counselors.
Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Yu Yue , Ozonoff Sally , Miller Meghan
Published: May 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social interaction and communication and the presence of restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. The importance of early detection of ASD and subsequent early intervention is well documented. Efforts have been made over the years to clarify ASD diagnostic criteria and develop predictive, accurate screening tools and evidence-based, standardized diagnostic instruments to aid in the identification of ASD. In this article, we review the most recent changes in ASD diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision, summarize evidence-based instruments for ASD screening and diagnostic evaluations as well as the assessment of co-occurring conditions in ASD, the impact of COVID-19 on ASD assessment, and directions for future research in the field of ASD assessment.
“I Want to Be Heard”: Rape Victims’ Encounters With Swedish Police
Authors: Rudolfsson Lisa
Published: May 2023

Interactions with police are vitally important to victims’ ability to process their trauma. This study focused on the experiences of victims who reported a rape to police in Sweden. Thirteen women participated in interviews; the material was analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Findings include lack of information and the role of luck in finding an understanding officer; some found comfort, and some felt violated once again. Long processing times bound participants to their trauma. Findings highlight the need for improved knowledge of trauma among police, victims’ needs for information and rights to support, and structural barriers that need to be addressed.