bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SSR Markers for Analysing South American Nothofagus Species
Authors: Azpilicueta M. M. , Caron H. , Bodénès C. , Gallo L. A.
Published: November 2017

11 newly discovered microsatellites were used to identify SSR markers for characterising South American Nothofagus species. This was carried out in six species. The sample sizes used were between four and six individuals per species. The cross-genera transferability of 34 Quercus SSRs was also essayed. Out of the 11 new microsatellite markers, three proved to be polymorphic (NnBIO 11, NgBIO 13 and NgBIO 14). The qualitative confirmation of the inheritance of these markers could also be verified. Polymorphism was also observed in five of the cross-genera transferred SSRs (QrBIO7, quru-GA-0A01, quru-GA-0C11, quru-GA-0I01, quru-GA-0M07). The number of alleles per locus found range between 1 and 6 per species. The eight polymorphic SSRs identified in this study will constitute a valuable tool in the gene flow studies that are currently being carried out in natural populations of South American Nothofagus species. The confirmation of crossspecies and cross-genera transferability opens the way for the use of SSRs as bridge markers in genetic mapping.
Whole-genome draft assembly of Populus tremula x P. alba clone INRA 717-1B4
Authors: Mader Malte , Le Paslier Marie-Christine , Bounon Rémi , Bérard Aurélie , Rampant Patricia Faivre , Fladung Matthias , Leplé Jean-Charles , Kersten Birgit
Published: November 2017

Populus trichocarpa and P. deltoides are the only Populus species known to date to have a publicly available nuclear genome sequence that has been assembled to chromosomes and annotated (https://phytozome.jgi.doe.gov/). Here we focus on the clone INRA 717-1B4, a female P. tremula x P. alba (P. x canescens) interspecific hybrid that is universally used by scientists worldwide as a tree model in transgenic experiments. The already available INRA 717-1B4 nuclear genomic resource (v1.1 of sPta717 at http://aspendb.uga.edu/index.php/databases/spta-717-genome) presents only INRA 717-1B4 genomic regions with high similarity to the P. trichocarpa genomic reference sequences. We assembled draft genomic scaffolds by a combination of de novo assembly with reference-based assembly using 30x resequencing NGS data (Illumina MiSeq® and Ion Torrent Ion PGM™) of INRA 717-1B4. In total, 419,969 scaffolds of length larger than 500 bp were generated. The mean length of the scaffolds is 2,166 bp and the size of the largest scaffold 84,573 bp. The N50 contig length is 3,850 bp when considering contigs larger than 1,000 bp. Probably due to the high level of heterozygosity of this interspecific hybrid, the accumulated scaffold length is with 0.9 GB about twice the expected size of the haploid nuclear genome. DNA sequences of the genomic scaffolds of INRA 717-1B4 are publicly available for Blast analyses and download via the new INRA web portal at https://urgi.versailles.inra.fr/Species/Forest-trees/Populus/Clone-INRA-717-1B4/. This new genomic sequence resource will complement the already available INRA 717-1B4 resources and will facilitate the future optimization of genetic transformation experiments to discover gene function.
An Analysis of the Equal Freedom
Authors: Stoiński Andrzej
Published: November 2017

The article concerns selected problems related to the postulates of equalizing the level of positive liberty. The classic understanding of individual freedom, called as negative (freedom from), identified with alack of compulsion, can be in opposition to the so-called positive liberty (freedom to). The last notion is generally defined by anability, which brings its relation with a concept of power. The postulate of equality in “freedom to” can be justification for conducting a social redistribution of goods. The cases of voluntary and compulsory donation are considered in the text, whose aim is to visualize consequences resulting from a compulsory expansion of the scope of positive liberty.
A simple solution of the spurious regression problem
Authors: Wang Cindy Shin-Huei , Hafner Christian M.
Published: November 2017

This paper develops a new estimator for cointegrating and spurious regressions by applying a two-stage generalized Cochrane-Orcutt transformation based on an autoregressive approximation framework, even though the exact form of the error term is unknown in practice. We prove that our estimator is consistent for a wide class of regressions. We further show that a convergent usual t-statistic based on our new estimator can be constructed for the spurious regression cases analyzed by (Granger, C. W. J., and P. Newbold. 1974. “Spurious Regressions in Econometrics.” Journal of Econometrics 74: 111–120) and (Granger, C. W. J., N. Hyung, and H. Jeon. 2001. “Spurious Regressions with Stationary Series.” Applied Economics 33: 899–904). The implementation of our estimator is easy since it does not necessitate estimation of the long-run variance. Simulation results indicate the good statistical properties of the new estimator in small and medium samples, and also consider a more general framework including multiple regressors and endogeneity.
Zur (De-)Konstruktion von Dringlichkeit
Authors: Thieme Nina
Published: November 2017

Zur Gewährung eines effektiven Schutzes von Kindern und Jugendlichen, so regelt es das 2012 in Kraft getretene Bundeskinderschutzgesetz (BKiSchG), sei dieser notwendigerweise kooperativ zu gestalten. Neben der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe als zentraler Institution im Kinderschutz stellt die Institution Schule aufgrund ihres einzigartigen Zugangs zu allen Kindern und Jugendlichen eine bedeutsame Kooperationspartnerin dar. Dennoch ist die Zusammenarbeit beider Institutionen im Bereich des Kinderschutzes bisher nur marginal erforscht worden. Davon ausgehend wird mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag der Frage nachgegangen, wie sich die kooperative Kinderschutzpraxis zwischen Professionellen der Sozialen Arbeit und Lehrkräften gestaltet. Anhand von Auszügen aus einem Teamgespräch, das an einem Ganztagsgymnasium stattgefunden hat, wird sozialwissenschaftlich-hermeneutisch eine sich zwischen den beteiligten Lehrkräften und der beteiligten Sozialpädagogin unterscheidende Konstruktion von Dringlichkeit des im Rahmen des Gesprächs thematisierten Kinderschutzfalles rekonstruiert, die mittels divergierender Strukturlogiken der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe/Sozialen Arbeit und der Schule erklärt wird.
Verstehen braucht Verständigung – Verständigung braucht Rahmung
Authors: Hildenbrand Bruno
Published: November 2017

Am Fallbeispiel einer Inobhutnahme wird gezeigt, dass verantwortliche Akteure der Jugendhilfe nicht nur gesetzliche Vorgaben ignorieren, sondern auch keine Einschätzungen der vorliegenden Fallthematik vorlegen. Diese überlassen sie der Medizin. Es wird festgestellt, dass die mit dem Fall befassten Fachleute mit den Eltern des in Obhut genommenen Kindes nicht in Kontakt getreten sind. Es fanden also seitens des Jugendamts weder Prozesse der Verständigung noch solche des Verstehens statt. Diese Konzepte werden unter Rückgriff auf sozialphänomenologische Abhandlungen (Bernhard Waldenfels) erläutert, ergänzt um den Rahmenbegriff bei Erving Goffman. Zur Verdeutlichung und Erhärtung der hier vorgetragenen Hypothese werden Kontrastbeispiele aus einem anderen Handlungsfeld (Notfallmedizin) und anderen Jugendämtern herangezogen. Der Frage nach der Fachlichkeit der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe in Deutschland kann aus Platzgründen nicht explizit nachgegangen werden, sie beantwortet sich anhand der Fallbeispiele von selbst. Fazit: Ohne Verständigung und Verstehen schlägt Kinderschutz in Gewalt um.

Aus dem von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft geförderten Projekt „Wissenschaftliche Unterstützung professioneller Handlungsfelder im Umgang mit Kindeswohlgefährdung und beim Aufbau tragfähiger Kooperationsstrukturen“.
Partizipation von Kindern in biographischer Perspektive
Authors: Rieker Peter
Published: November 2017

Obwohl Fragen der Partizipation von Kindern und Jugendlichen in den letzten Jahren umfassend erforscht wurden, wird bislang kaum gefragt, welche sozialen und biographischen Erfahrungen für die Möglichkeit der Teilhabe und Mitbestimmung relevant sind. Auf der Grundlage einer qualitativen Befragung von Kindern, die über ihre Erfahrungen und Einschätzungen in Hinblick auf Mitbestimmung in verschiedenen Lebensbereichen berichten, werden im vorliegenden Beitrag die Perspektiven von Kindern genauer in den Blick genommen. Deutlich wird dabei, dass Erwachsene in Bezug auf Fragen kindlicher Teilhabe und Mitbestimmung von zentraler Bedeutung sind: In vielfältiger Weise werden Erwachsene von den Kindern als strukturierend und bestimmend skizziert, was sie in den meisten Fällen als hilfreich bzw. normal schildern. Anhand zweier Fälle, in denen die Entscheidungsmacht Erwachsener problematisiert wird, werden biographische Hintergründe solch kritischer Sichtweisen deutlich, die entweder zu einer kämpferischen oder zu einer resignativen Haltung in Bezug auf die eigenen Möglichkeiten der Teilhabe und Mitbestimmung beitragen können.
Das Ritual des Jubels im Fußballsport
Authors: Kotthaus Jochem
Published: November 2017

Wird die Wahrnehmungsperspektive des Alltagsmenschen rekonstruiert, erweist sich das Verstehen während sportlicher Großereignisse als komplexe, jedoch nicht unbedingt fragile Situation. Das Ritual des Jubels nach dem Torerfolg stellt weder auf Seiten der Spieler noch des Publikums einen spontanen und unkalkulierbaren Ausbruch von Emotionalität dar, es ist vielmehr die Präsentation von Teilen eines wissens- und wertebasierten Systems weitgehend invarianter und deshalb verstehbarer Symbole. Unter theoretischer Perspektive von Phänomenologie und neuer Wissenssoziologie systematisiert der Beitrag verkettetes, symbolisches Ausdruckshandeln anhand der Untersuchung des Spielerjubels nach Toren der deutschen Fußballnationalmannschaft während der Qualifikations- und Weltmeisterschaftsspiele 2014.
Attention for Distraction: Modernity, Modernism and Perception
Authors: Van Alphen Ernst
Published: November 2017

Particularly in the latter half of the nineteenth century sensorial experiences changed at breakneck speed. Social and technological developments of modernity like the industrial revolution, rapid urban expansion, the advance of capitalism and the invention of new technologies transformed the field of the senses. Instead of attentiveness, distraction became prevalent. It is not only Baudelaire who addressed these transformations in his poems, but they can also be recognized in the works of novelist Gustave Flaubert and painter Edward Munch. By means of the work of William James, Walter Benjamin, Siegfried Kracauer and Georg Simmel, the repercussions of this crisis of the senses for subjectivity will be discussed.
“Consider Yourself One of Us”: The Dickens Musical on Stage and Screen
Authors: Barker Anthony
Published: November 2017

Charles Dickens’s work has been taken and adapted for many different ends. Quite a lot of attention has been given to film and television versions of the novels, many of which are very distinguished. The stage and screen musical based on his work, essentially a product of the last fifty years, has been neither as studied nor as respected. This paper looks at the con­nection between Dickens’s novels, the celebration of “London-ness” and its articulation in popular forms of working-class music and song. It will argue that potentially unpromising texts were taken and used to articulate pride and a sense of community for groups representing the disadvantaged of the East End and, more specifically, for first-generation Jewish settlers in London. This is all the more surprising as it was in the first instance through depictions of Oliver Twist and the problematic figure of Fagin that an Anglo-Jewish sensibility was able to express itself. Other texts by Dickens, notably Pickwick Papers, A Christmas Carol and The Old Curiosity Shop, were also adapted to musical forms with varying results, but the period of their heyday was relatively short, as their use of traditional and communitarian forms gave place in the people’s affection to manufactured pop/rock and operetta forms. I will argue that this decline was partly the product of changing London demographics and shifts in theatre economics and partly of the appropriation of Dickens by the academy.
Pinteresque Dialogue
Authors: Uchman Jadwiga
Published: November 2017

The expression “Pinteresque” describing the characteristic features of Harold Pinter’s artistic output, established its position as a literary critical denominator many years ago. The aim of this article is to analyze some of the specific aspects of the playwright’s use of language. On several occasions, the artist made comments pertaining to certain issues concerning communication. He rejected the idea of the alienation of language and promoted the concept of evasive communication, thus showing people’s unwillingness to communicate. He also spoke about two kinds of silence, the first referring to a situation where there is actual silence, when “no word is spoken,” and the second , when “a torrent of language is being employed” in order to cover the character’s “nakedness.” Accordingly, Pinter’s plays may, depending on their perspective, be treated as dramas of language or of silence. This led Peter Hall, Pinter’s favourite theatre director and also a close friend, to notice that in the playwright’s oeuvre there is a clear distinction beween three dots, a pause and a silence. This article discusses in detail the uneven distribution of pauses and silences in Harold Pinter’s 1977 play, Betrayal. It becomes evident that the use of different kinds of silence clearly indicates the emotional state of the characters at any given moment.
Water based PHEMA hydrogels for controlled drug delivery
Authors: Ayhan Hakan , Ayhan Fatma
Published: November 2017

Objective

In the scope of presented work, synthesis of water based acrylate hydrogels, characterization, and their usage in controlled drug release systems were aimed to investigate.

Methods

Synthesis of acrylate based hydrogels that have different properties was carried out by free radical photopolymerization using photoinitiator. Because of its high biocompatibility, 2-hydroxyethyl metacrylate (HEMA) was used as monomer. Then drug release experiments were performed in pH 7.4 and 1.2 buffer solutions with certain ionic strength while the dynamic swelling behaviors were also determined. In the last part of the work, drug activities of synthesized drug-loaded hydrogels were tested in mediums containing Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria cultures.

Results

ATR-FTIR spectrums of all synthesized hydrogels were analyzed. The characteristic O-H, C-H, C=O, C-O tension vibrations bands were observed in the spectrums of the hydrogels. The rate of drug release in acidic pH 1.2 for two types of hydrogels was observed to be much faster than at pH 7.4. It was determined that hydrogel swelling ratio decrease with increasing monomer ratio. All drug loaded hydrogels were effective to inhibit the growth of both two bacterial strains.

Conclusion

Hydrogels synthesized were found to be suitable for the controlled drug delivery applications.
The arcuate fasciculus network and verbal deficits in psychosis
Authors: Kenney Joanne P.M. , McPhilemy Genevieve , Scanlon Cathy , Najt Pablo , McInerney Shane , Arndt Sophia , Scherz Elisabeth , Byrne Fintan , Leemans Alexander , Jeurissen Ben , Hallahan Brian , McDonald Colm , Cannon Dara M.
Published: November 2017

Background

Verbal learning (VL) and fluency (VF) are prominent cognitive deficits in psychosis, of which the precise neuroanatomical contributions are not fully understood. We investigated the arcuate fasciculus (AF) and its associated cortical regions to identify structural abnormalities contributing to these verbal impairments in early stages of psychotic illness.

Methods

Twenty-six individuals with recent-onset psychosis and 27 healthy controls underwent cognitive testing (MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery) and structural/diffusion-weighted MRI. Bilaterally, AF anisotropy and cortical thickness, surface area and volume of seven cortical regions were investigated in relation to VL and VF performance in both groups.

Results

Reduced right superior temporal gyrus surface area and volume related to better VF in controls. In psychosis, greater right pars opercularis volume and reduced left lateralization of this region related to better VL, while greater right long AF fractional anisotropy and right pars orbitalis volume related to better VF, these findings not present in controls. Psychosis had reduced right pars orbitalis thickness compared to controls.

Conclusion

Anatomical substrates for normal processing of VL and VF appear altered in recent-onset psychosis. A possible aberrant role of the right hemisphere arcuate fasciculus and fronto-temporal cortical regions in psychosis may contribute to deficits in VL and VF.
A Rasch analysis between schizophrenic patients and the general population
Authors: Denis Frederic , Bizien Pablo , Tubert-Jeannin Stéphanie , Hamad Mohamad , Trojak Benoit , Rude Nathalie , Hardouin Jean-Benoit
Published: November 2017

Background

The aim of this study was to test the General Oral Health Assessment Index Questionnaire (GOHAI) items for differential item functioning (DIF) according to demographic characteristics (gender, age) and mental health status (schizophrenic disorders versus general population) using Rasch analysis.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study using aggregated baseline data from a validation study of the GOHAI in the French general population (GP) and similar validation study in persons with schizophrenia (PWS). DIF was tested using the Partial Credit Model. DIF were estimated in different groups of patients.

Results

The cohort comprised 363 persons: 65% were female, 83% were 25-45 years old and 30% were PWS.Five of the 12 items exhibited DIF. DIF effects were observed with schizophrenia for 3 items, with age for 3 items and with gender for 1 item. The variable “age” gave a significant explanation of the latent variable: the latent variable decreased with age (-0.40±0.08-p<0.001 for each increase of the age of 10 years). This decrease represented an effect size of 0.27 which can be qualified of a small to medium effect. The status of the individuals (GP versus PWS) and the gender did not significantly explain differences in the values of the latent variable.

Conclusion

The GOHAI scores may not be comparable across sub-groups defined by health status, age and gender without accounting for DIF. In the future, other studies should explore this way with other Oral Health related Quality of Life assessment tools and populations with mental illness.
INTERNET DOMAINS PROMOTING AGROTOURIST FARMS
Authors: Król Karol
Published: November 2017

Many agrotourist farms use the potential of websites to distinguish their offer from others to attract as many guests as possible. However, maintaining a website is connected with a range of costs, e.g. registering the domain and the hosting package. Searching for cost savings, the owners of agrotourist farms often face the dilemma of choosing between a payable website and its free equivalent. The aim of this article is to analyse internet addresses as regards their type and potential, both informative and marketing. The surveys were carried out on a set of 1,121 websites. The analysis included domain names (main names) as well as domain extensions, paying special attention to type and indicating sub-domains at the same time. Division into payable and free was looked for as well. In conclusion, it is shown that the owners of agrotourist farms mostly use national domains, choosing addresses in functional, regional or European domains less frequently. Moreover, they relatively rarely use addresses created on free services. In their place, they choose free sub-domains often created in the domain of the provider hosting a regional (informative) portal or another.
THE EMPLOYMENT OF ŁÓDŹ UNIVERSITY TOURISM AND RECREATION GRADUATES: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Żulicki Remigiusz
Published: November 2017

This article is focused on selected aspects of the economic ‘fate’ of Tourism and Recreation graduates of the University of Łódź (UŁ). Its aim is to seek answers to the question: ‘What determines graduate employment?’ Surveys conducted by the Career Office of University of Łódź among graduates one year after graduation in 2014, 2015 and 2016 are the empirical basis. Tourism and Recreation graduates were compared with others from the Faculty of Geographical Sciences UŁ. The logistic regression technique was used to predict the status of graduate employment based on independent variables. The strongest predictors of graduate employment were structural and institutional characteristics. The quantitative results were interpreted in the context of the modern role of universities.
Statistical mapping and 3-D surface plots in phytoplankton analysis of the Balkhash Lake (Kazakhstan)
Authors: Krupa Elena , Barinova Sophia , Ponamareva Lyubov , Tsoy Vyacheslav
Published: November 2017

Phytoplankton of the Balkhash Lake was represented by 91 species with average abundance of 1,002.4 mln. ind. m−3 and average biomass of 0.853 g m−3 in summer 2004. Maps of spatial distribution revealed that phytoplankton abundance was confined within the near-estuary sections of the rivers. Correlation analysis and 3D Surface Plots showed that the average mass of the algal cell decreased with increased phytoplankton abundance, species richness, and Shannon Bi index values. Synchronicity of the spatial dynamics of W-Clarke and Δ-Shannon values evidenced the possibility of obtaining information on the structure of communities by both calculated and graphical methods.
Upper Caraş River (Danube watershed) fish populations fragmentation – technical rehabilitation proposal
Authors: Voicu Răzvan , Bănăduc Doru , Baumgartner Lee Jason , Voicu Liliana , Curtean-Bănăduc Angela
Published: November 2017

We propose a technical solution for fish movement based on the flow of water over a spill threshold. Such barriers are common in the Danube system. The proposed system has a range of operating components which are easily detachable from the spill threshold, are resistant to corrosion and will not harm the fish. In fact, if designed to complement swimming abilities of target fish, it should provide adequate passage for both adults and juveniles. If implemented correctly, the design may offer a solution to help displaced fish recolonize upstream habitats.
Explaining alienability contrasts in adpossessive constructions: Predictability vs. iconicity
Authors: Haspelmath Martin
Published: November 2017

This paper argues that alienability contrasts in adnominal possessive constructions should not be explained
by iconicity of distance, but by predictability due to the higher relative frequency of possessed occurrences of
inalienable nouns. While it is true that when there is an alienability split, the alienable construction typically has
an additional marker which often separates the possessor from the possessed noun, the broader generalization
is that additional marking is found when the possessive relationship is less predictable. This generalization also
extends to cases of antipossessive marking and impossessibility. The diachronic mechanisms responsible for
the development of alienability contrasts are differential reduction and differential inhibition of a new construction.
Exact Solutions to Zakharov-Kuznetsov Equation with Variable Coefficients by Trial Equation Method
Authors: Yang Shu
Published: November 2017

By the trial equation method and the complete discrimination system for polynomial method, some exact solutions to Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation with variable coefficients are obtained. These solutions include solitary solutions, rational solutions, periodic solution and double periodic solutions.
A Mn(II) coordination polymer from a polycarboxylate-containing ligand: synthesis, structural characterization, and properties
Authors: Zhu Xiao-Hong , Cheng Xiao-Chun , Qian Yun-Hua
Published: November 2017

The neutral, four-fold protonated pyridine-3,5-dicarbox(3,5-dicarboxylatoanilide) (H4L) reacts with Mn(II) salts under hydrothermal conditions to yield a new complex: [Mn2(L)(H2O)2]·H2O (1), which has been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. Complex 1 exhibits a binodal (4,8)-connected 3D framework with flu (412.612.84)(46)2 topology. The magnetic properties of 1 were investigated.
Smartphones for Teaching Plant Movement
Authors: Brenner Eric D.
Published: November 2017

Presented here is a simple teaching lab to illustrate the dynamic qualities of plant movement using smartphones to create movies of gravitropism and circumnutation. Within as little as 90 minutes, students can observe dramatic changes in plant position using the easy-to-grow, simple genetic model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Student assessment revealed that 64 percent of students stated that this lab increased their interest in plants; and interestingly, 46 percent of students showed their movies to individuals who were not associated with the teaching lab, strongly suggesting that this teaching method can be used to propagate interest in plants to individuals in society at large.
Molecular and cellular underpinnings of normal and abnormal human placental blood flows
Authors: Li Yingchun , Lorca Ramón A , Su Emily J
Published: November 2017

Abnormal placental function is well-established as a major cause for poor pregnancy outcome. Placental blood flow within the maternal uteroplacental compartment, the fetoplacental circulation or both is a vital factor in mediating placental function. Impairment in flow in either or both vasculatures is a significant risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcome, potentially impacting maternal well-being, affecting immediate neonatal health and even influencing the long-term health of the infant. Much remains unknown regarding the mechanistic underpinnings of proper placental blood flow. This review highlights the currently recognized molecular and cellular mechanisms in the development of normal uteroplacental and fetoplacental blood flows. Utilizing the entities of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction as clinical phenotypes that are often evident downstream of abnormal placental blood flow, mechanisms underlying impaired uteroplacental and fetoplacental blood flows are also discussed. Deficiencies in knowledge, which limit the efficacy of clinical care, are also highlighted, underscoring the need for continued research on normal and abnormal placental blood flows.
Weighing the Social and Ethical Considerations of Maternal-Fetal Surgery
Authors: Antiel Ryan M. , Flake Alan W. , Collura Christopher A. , Johnson Mark P. , Rintoul Natalie E. , Lantos John D. , Curlin Farr A. , Tilburt Jon C. , Brown Stephen D. , Feudtner Chris
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVES:

The ethics of maternal-fetal surgery involves weighing the importance of potential benefits, risks, and other consequences involving the pregnant woman, fetus, and other family members. We assessed clinicians’ ratings of the importance of 9 considerations relevant to maternal-fetal surgery.

METHODS:

This study was a discrete choice experiment contained within a 2015 national mail-based survey of 1200 neonatologists, pediatric surgeons, and maternal-fetal medicine physicians, with latent class analysis subsequently used to identify groups of physicians with similar ratings.

RESULTS:

Of 1176 eligible participants, 660 (56%) completed the discrete choice experiment. The highest-ranked consideration was of neonatal benefits, which was followed by consideration of the risk of maternal complications. By using latent class analysis, we identified 4 attitudinal groups with similar patterns of prioritization: “fetocentric” (n = 232), risk-sensitive (n = 197), maternal autonomy (n = 167), and family impact and social support (n = 64). Neonatologists were more likely to be in the fetocentric group, whereas surgeons were more likely to be in the risk-sensitive group, and maternal-fetal medicine physicians made up the largest percentage of the family impact and social support group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Physicians vary in how they weigh the importance of social and ethical considerations regarding maternal-fetal surgery. Understanding these differences may help prevent or mitigate disagreements or tensions that may arise in the management of these patients.
REGRAS PRÁTICAS NA RECONSTRUÇÃO GRÁFICA DAS VASILHAS DE CERÂMICA GUARANI A PARTIR DOS FRAGMENTOS
Authors: Proenza Brochado José
Published: November 2017

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Reproduzierbarkeit und Variabilität der Thyroxin messung bei drei deutschen veterinärmedizinischen Laboren
Authors: Klinger Christoph , Classen Janine , Udraite Laura , Linek Monika , Mueller Ralf , Böhm Teresa
Published: November 2017

Ziel: Untersuchung der Reproduzierbarkeit von Serumtests auf Gesamtthyroxin (T4) in drei deutschen veterinärmedizinischen Laboren. Material und Methoden: Serumproben von 53 Hunden mit klinischem Verdacht auf Schilddrüsenunterfunktion wurden in fünf Aliquots aufgeteilt. Drei dieser Serumproben wurden mit unterschiedlichen Namen versehen und an jeweils ein Labor gesandt (davon zwei Proben zeitgleich und die dritte weitere 1–3 Tage später), jeweils eine weitere Serumprobe an zwei andere Labore. In Labor 1 erfolgte die T4-Messung mit einem Enzymimmunoassay, in Labor 2 und 3 mit einem Chemilumineszenz-Immunassay. Die Übereinstimmung der Werte zwischen den drei Laboren (im oder unter dem jeweiligen Referenzbereich) wurde evaluiert. Die Intra- und Inter-Assay-Variabilität wurde berechnet und die Übereinstimmung zwischen den Laboren und zwischen den an ein Labor geschickten Teilproben eines Patienten mit dem Cohens Kappa-Test überprüft. Ergebnisse: Bei 23/41 Hunden lagen die Werte bei allen Laboren einheitlich unter-, inner- oder oberhalb des jeweiligen Referenzbereichs. Der Cohens Kappa-Wert betrug bei Labor 2 für die Intra- und Inter-Assay-Übereinstimmung jeweils 1,0 (n = 15, vollständige Übereinstimmung), bei Labor 1 jeweils 0,33 (n = 16) und bei Labor 3 0,37 (Intra-Assay-) und 0,19 (Inter-AssayÜbereinstimmung) (n = 16; schwache Übereinstimmung). Die Übereinstimmung zwischen Labor 1 und 2 sowie Labor 1 und 3 war gering (κ = 0,30 bzw. 0,25), zwischen Labor 2 und 3 bestand eine hohe Übereinstimmung (κ = 0,68). Die Intra-Assay-Variabilität der Labore 1, 2 und 3 wurde mit 13,6%, 5,0% bzw. 10,4% ermittelt, die Inter-Assay-Variabilität mit 17,2%, 5,1% bzw. 17,4%. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die variable Übereinstimmung der Auswertung von Thyroxinkonzentrationen derselben Serumprobe durch verschiedene Labore bzw. Bewertungszeitpunkte betont die hohe Relevanz der Interpretation solcher Werte im Kontext mit der vorliegenden Symptomatik und weiteren Laborwerten wie TSH-Konzentration.
Correlation between the FCEAI and diagnostic para meters in chronic enteropathies in 147 cats (2006–2012)
Authors: Moser Katharina , Teske Erik , Bomhard Wolf , Stockhaus Christian , Mitze Stefanie
Published: November 2017

Objective: The Feline Chronic Enteropathy Activity Index (FCEAI) has been established as a quantitative index for disease activity in chronic enteropathies in cats. A definite diagnosis is aimed at histology with initial exclusion of extraintestinal causes by laboratory examinations, diagnostic imaging and endoscopy. The study aimed to examine diagnostic parameters and FCEAI in chronic gastroenteropathies. Materials and methods: A retrospective case review of 147 cats with chronic enteropathies was performed. In all patients, the FCEAI was established and endoscopy performed including biopsies and duodenal cytology. Histopathologic reports were reviewed for the diagnosis of lymphoma and architectural changes (epithelial integrity, villi/ gland atrophy, intestinal crypt atrophy, lymphangiectasia, epitheliotropism/infiltration of intraepithelial lymphocytes). A cytopathologic score (CS) and histopathologic score (HS) regarding lymphocytic intestinal infiltration were assigned. Statistical dependency analysis was used to determine correlations between the FCEAI, lymphoma, architectural changes, CS, HS, serum concentrations of cobalamin, folate and albumin. Results: The 147 cats consisted of predominately European Shorthair cats (n = 126), were mostly castrated (n = 127) and had a mean age of 9.8 (1–17) years. For the proven lymphoma group (12.2%; n = 18) and the non-lymphoma group a mean FCEAI of 7.3 (4–17) and 6.6 (2–13), respectively, was established. The FCEAI showed a low correlation with the CS (p = 0.010; R = 0.22) and intestinal villous atrophy (n = 121; p = 0.035; R = 0.19). Cats with a CS of 0 had a significant lower FCEAI score (p = 0.015) than cats with all other CSs. The histo- and cytopathologic scores were highly related (p < 0.001; R = 0.43). The gastric intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltration (n = 131) was significantly correlated to serum folate (p = 0.014; R = –0.56) and albumin (p = 0,048; R = –0.20). Conclusion: The FCEAI showed only a few correlations. Not only the grade of inflammation, but also the histologic architectural changes are of importance.
A new subgenus of Heterotrigona from New Guinea (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S. , Rasmussen Claus
Published: November 2017

A new subgenus is established within the Indomalayan stingless bee genus Heterotrigona Schwarz (Meliponini).  Sahulotrigona Engel & Rasmussen, new subgenus, is distinguished from amongst other Heterotrigona, particularly the subgenus Platytrigona Moure, within which one of the two included species was previously placed.  The subgenus presently includes two species from New Guinea: Heterotrigona (Sahulotrigona) paradisaea Engel & Rasmussen, new species, and H. (S.) atricornis (Smith), new combination.  A key to the subgenera of Heterotrigona is provided and the species are tabulated, resulting in the following new combinations: Heterotrigona (Platytrigona) flaviventris (Friese), H. (P.) hobbyi (Schwarz), H. (P.) keyensis (Friese), H. (P.) lamingtonia (Cockerell), H. (P.) planifrons (Smith), H. (Sundatrigona) lieftincki (Sakagami & Inoue), and H. (Su.) moorei (Schwarz).  The stingless bees of Papuasia are briefly summarized, and a key is presented to the genera and subgenera of Paupasian Meliponini.
Assays for studying Listeria-Containing Vacuoles v1
Authors: Bierne Hélène , Kortebi Mounia , Milohanic Eliane
Published: November 2017

Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen that enters and proliferates in the cytosol of mammalian cells. Following entry, bacteria disrupt the invasion vacuole and reach the cytoplasm, where they replicate and use the actin cytoskeleton to propel themselves from cell to cell [1, 2]. To achieve this cytosolic lifestyle, Listeria deploys virulence effectors that hijack diverse cellular processes [3, 4]. Human epithelial cells grown in vitro can be used to study the L.monocytogenes infectious process. However, rapid multiplication and dissemination of bacteria may induce cell death and detachment, thereby forming lytic plaques. Thus, in vitro infections with L.monocytogenes have been restricted to short time courses (usually from a few minutes to one day). In order to study L.monocytogenes long-term infections, we have set up a protocol, with several modifications to the gentamicin protection assay previously used for short-term infections with this pathogen [5]. In a subset of human cells, such as hepatocytes or trophoblast cells, this protocol enables to observe and study the entrapment of L.monocytogenes within vacuoles, termed “Listeria-Containing Vacuoles” (LisCVs), after the intercellular dissemination phase of Listeria. Here, this protocol describes the assays used to study LisCVs in a JEG3 trophoblast cell monolayer.
La cláusula fiscal
Authors: ZELMANOVITZ LEONIDAS
Published: November 2017

El propósito de este trabajo es evaluar si hay un argumento a favor de la “banca central” que no se pueda aislar de los terrenos económicos y morales. Para realizar esta investigación, se discutirá de manera filosófica si las instituciones privadas con libertad para contratar y buenas entradas tienen un mayor valor al de la defensa nacional puesto que es la última justificación vigente para las prerrogativas económicas analizadas por el gobierno. De igual forma, analizaremos si hay otras formas de proveer fondos para la defensa nacional menos propensas a crear problemas de acción colectiva que el intervencionismo en el dinero y la banca.
Análisis comparativo entre el impuesto a las ventas en colombia y el impuesto al valor añadido en España
Authors: AJARDO-CALDERÓN CONSTANZA LORETH F , SUÁREZ AMAYA DORA CECILIA , SANTA FAJARDO LAURA MICHEL
Published: November 2017

El estudio realizado sobre el Derecho Tributario comparado ha permitido abordar análisis desde el sistema tributario colombiano con otros países. En este proceso investigativo se conoce el marco histórico de los impuestos en Colombia; se comprenden los sistemas tributarios; se establece el estado del arte de los impuestos de carácter nacional; se construye un análisis comparativo de diferencias y similitudes en cuanto a los impuestos de carácter nacional, se complementa con el análisis del sistema de retención en la fuente y los convenios para evitar la doble imposición para prevenir la evasión fiscal en materia de impuestos.

El presente artículo da cuenta de uno de los objetivos propuestos, en donde se logra analizar los elementos básicos del impuesto a las ventas en Colombia con el impuesto al valor añadido en España. Con este análisis comparativo se sintetiza y se da a conocer una breve reseña histórica del impuesto a las ventas en Colombia hasta presentar el desarrollo de las normas vigentes que lo regulan, las características principales, los elementos tributarios, las formas de operar en ambos países y las obligaciones fiscales que genera no solo en Colombia sino también para España.

Lo anterior es de interés para la comunidad académica y profesional, para quienes puedan abordar los hechos económicos y fiscales en un ambiente competitivo que exige el mundo actual.
Neoinstitucionalismo y reformas a la justicia en Colombia en los años noventas
Authors: López De Mesa Jaime
Published: November 2017

La recurrente crisis de la justicia en Colombia ha conducido a una falta de credibilidad en sus instituciones. Se plantea que un elemento que ayuda a explicar las fallidas soluciones es el hecho de que las reformas emprendidas en los años 90 están signadas por el sello neoinstitucional del neoliberalismo, fundamentado en una visión individualista de la sociedad y en el eficientismo del aparato judicial, al servicio de los intereses del capital transnacional, condensado en el Estado de derecho, entrando en choque con los derechos sociales defendidos por el Estado social de derecho.
Comportamiento del consumidor turístico
Authors: Ramírez Ospina Duvan Emilio , Otero Gómez Maria Cristina , Giraldo Pérez Wilson
Published: November 2017

El objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar los principales aspectos que influyen en el comportamiento de los consumidores turísticos y su efecto en la toma de decisión de compra; para lograrlo se presenta una recopilación de diversas teorías sobre el comportamiento del consumidor, aplicadas al campo turístico. Se trata de un trabajo mixto que hace uso de metodologías cualitativa y cuantitativa. Las hipótesis se someten a prueba partiendo de datos recolectados por medio de 385 encuestas y procesados en SPSS, versión 19; para los análisis descriptivos se utilizó la función de análisis de conglomerado en K-medias y las correlaciones de Spearman. La fase cualitativa se desarrolló por medio de 18 entrevistas estructuradas. Para el trabajo de campo, la fuente primaria fueron los turistas de diversas edades que llegaron a Villavicencio, Meta (Colombia) a quienes se les aplicaron instrumentos in situ en eventos específicos.
Gestión del conocimiento y principales aportes de la revista Criterio Libre
Authors: Ortiz Bojacá José Joaquín
Published: November 2017

La gestión del conocimiento se ha convertido en un poderoso instrumentopara auscultar y desarrollar parámetros en la producción de conocimiento, locual es vital para el sector educativo y para nuestro caso, el correspondientea la educación superior en los procesos investigativos y sus relaciones conla docencia y la proyección social. Por tal motivo en el presente artículo nosproponemos desarrollar un esquema integrador de la aplicación de esteimportante concepto, a la difusión y divulgación del conocimiento generadoen la investigación y la reflexión que se plasma en las revistas científicas,enfocándonos en el caso de la Revista CRITERIO LIBRE y específicamenteen el análisis de los contenidos y aportes al conocimiento emanados de laedición anterior (No. 20), como un modelo que se desarrollará continuamentea partir de ese número. La metodología utilizada es de tipo mixto, en dondelo cualitativo se fundamenta en los enfoques hermenéutico-interpretativo ylo cuantitativo en el enfoque bibliométrico. Se llega a la construcción de unmodelo que se propone a la comunidad de editores de revistas en nuestromedio, como un mecanismo que facilita la utilización productiva de este importante instrumento de difusión y divulgación del conocimiento como loson las revistas científicas.
La subjetividad como problema epistémico de la contabilidad
Authors: Rengifo Ariza Luis Eduardo
Published: November 2017

En este artículo de reflexión se pretende realizar una aproximación al conocimiento contable desde la perspectiva fenomenológica de Edmund Husserl; esta aproximación se funda en la reflexión sobre el concepto de subjetividad, desde la cual se busca dar un sentido más humano al conocimiento contable. En este itinerario se explora la relación entre subjetividad y conocimiento contable, a partir de la manera en que el mundo de la vida se presenta como el a priori universal de la experiencia, como la base del sentido sobre la cual el hombre elabora sus ideas y surgen los diversos mundos especializados, como el mundo contable.
Análisis de la gestión del conocimiento en una institución de educación superior
Authors: Zambrano Vargas Sandra Milena , Quitián Rodríguez Laura Rocío
Published: November 2017

La gestión del conocimiento muestra una ventaja competitiva para todas las organizaciones que han sabido aprovecharla en su favor, es decir, que es el único recurso ilimitado que se tiene, y en la medida en que se use va incrementando su valor. En el presente artículo se resaltan algunos aspectos teóricos del tema a partir del estudio de algunos modelos de gestión del conocimiento, se hace una aplicación a partir del uso de dos instrumentos en una institución de educación superior con el objeto de identificar el estado actual de la gestión del conocimiento; dichos instrumentos se elaboran a partir de la revisión bibliográfica identificando las dimensiones del conocimiento más tratadas por los autores, luego se utiliza un análisis estadístico encaminado a conocer la escala en que se encuentra cada dimensión del conocimiento, y finalmente se hace una propuesta de mejoramiento tendiente a ayudar a la Universidad a que aumente sus niveles en la gestión del conocimiento con estrategias específicas para cada grupo analizado.
El tratamiento contable de los stocks bajo la óptica del comité de declaraciones contables
Authors: De souza bezerra Simone , Oliveira Lima Helena Mara , De Sá morais Kércia Maria , Morais de Melo Márcia
Published: November 2017

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el tratamiento contable dado a los stocks o existencias por la empresa Grendene S.A. bajo la óptica del Comité de Declaraciones Contables (CPC, sus siglas en portugués), empleando como base la declaración 16 del CPC. Para ello, aborda la identifi cación de los métodos de asignación de valor, analiza cómo se determina el valor del costo de los stocks y defi ne los métodos y los criterios de costeo, así como el consiguiente reconocimiento como costo en el resultado del ejercicio, incluyendo las posibles reducciones del valor realizable líquido. El estudio presenta consideraciones sobre la convergencia de las normas nacionales de contabilidad a los patrones internacionales. La investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo y se clasifi ca como estudio de caso y explicativo. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de informes publicados por la Comisión de Valores Inmuebles (CVM) en el período 2006 - 2012. Los resultados obtenidos permiten hacer un análisis del tratamiento contable utilizado en la empresa Grendene S.A. para mostrar sus existencias.
Aplicación de Técnicas Prospectivas
Authors: Mendoza Mendoza Adel , Quintero Hoyos Iván , Sarmiento Coronado Eric
Published: November 2017

Hay varias formas de enfrentar el futuro, uno es asumiendo de manera dogmática la realización de los eventos, es decir, que las cosas se van a dar por el destino (fatalismo), y otra es previendo las variables del futuro y anticipándonos a las ocurrencias de los mismos. En el presente artículo se propone la aplicación de las técnicas de direccionamiento estratégico en un caso donde permita la utilización de las herramientas prospectivas MIC-MAC difundidas por la comunidad especializada. Para ello se determinan las variables más importantes que infl uyen en el comportamiento de la organización a estudiar así como las relaciones entre estas variables que infl uyen en la organización (motricidad y dependencia). La técnica exige que se realice un diagnóstico interno y externo de los elementos de la organización para situar posibles escenarios y ambientar la situación real de la misma.
Realidades Ambientales de los Cuerpos de Agua del departamento del Atlántico, Colombia
Authors: Oyaga Martínez Rafael Fernando
Published: November 2017

Se reporta el trabajo de investigación desarrollado durante cuatro años en el departamento del Atlántico, Colombia, mediante el uso de indicadores biológicos con el fin de establecer la calidad ambiental de los cuerpos de agua naturales del Departamento, teniendo en cuenta que la mayor parte de ellos son reportados con calidad dudosa.
Comparison of single versus double intra uterine insemination
Authors: Pathak B.
Published: November 2017

Background: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is the best studied and most widely practised artificial insemination technique. The aim and objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of single and double intrauterine insemination.Methods: This prospective randomized study was carried out in 197 infertile couples. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was carried out by standard ovulation induction protocols. Single intrauterine insemination was applied 36 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection to 101 patients in the first group. Double intrauterine inseminations were carried out in 96 patients to whom the first insemination was done after 24 hours and the repeat insemination was done after 48 hours of hCG injection.Results: In the single IUI group 14 patients conceived with pregnancy rate of 13.86%. In the double IUI group 18 patients conceived with pregnancy rate of 18.75%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups as the p is more than 0.05.Conclusions: As double intrauterine insemination does not give better result and it involves more cost and stress to the couple, single intrauterine insemination should be preferable. However, further larger sample size studies are required for confirmation if any significant difference can be achieved between the two approaches.