bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMASI KITOOLIGOSAKARIDA CANGKANG RAJUNGAN (Portunus pelagicus) MENGGUNAKAN ENZIM KITOSANASE DARI Bacillus sp.
Authors: Yuliana Septi Lilik , Rosida Dedin Finatsiyatull , Putra Andre Yusuf Trisna
Published: August 2022

Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are glycoprotein complex compounds derived from chitosan linked by 1,4 glucosidic bonds with chain lengths of 20 or less. Crab shell is a crustacean waste that contains 20-30% chitin as the basic material for making chitooligosaccharides. Chitooligosaccharide hydrolysis can be carried out enzymatically. Enzymatic hydrolysis is specific and controlled. Enzymes that can be used to hydrolyze chitosan into chitooligosaccharides are chitosanase enzymes. Chitosanase enzyme is a glycosyl hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of -1,4 glycosidic bonds of chitosan to produce low molecular weight chitooligosaccharides. One of the bacteria that produces chitosanase enzymes, namely Bacillus sp. The purpose of this study was to optimize the production of chitooligosaccharides by treating the enzyme concentration, hydrolysis time, and hydrolysis temperature. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with the following factors: enzyme concentration (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%) and hydrolysis temperature (30oC, 40oC, 50oC, 60oC, 70oC, 80oC) and time of hydrolysis (1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours and 8 hours). This enzyme works optimally at pH 4.5. The results showed that this chitosanase enzyme had optimum activity at a concentration of 2% (w/w) chitosan, a temperature of 50oC, and a hydrolysis time of 5 hours. The chitooligosaccharide has a reducing sugar content of 8.49 ± 0.38 mg/mL, a viscosity of 19.08 ± 0.01 cPs, and a molecular weight of 4.51 kDa.

 Keywords: chitooligosaccharides, crab shells, chitosanase enzyme, hydrolysis
Radykalizacja klauzuli sumienia a prawa reprodukcyjne w Polsce
Authors: Górka Agnieszka
Published: August 2022

W tekście zajmuję się analizą zjawiska radykalizacji lekarskiej klauzuli sumienia, które to zjawisko nastąpiło w wyniku wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego. Przedstawiam, jak partia populistyczna wykorzystuje lekarską klauzulę sumienia do kreowania polityki opartej na moralności i dyskryminacji. Na przykładzie działań populistów, którzy odchodzą od liberalnego modelu praw człowieka, prezentuję, jak współcześnie ograniczane i gwałcone są prawa kobiet. Na końcu przedstawiam, jak inne zawody próbują wykorzystywać lekarską klauzulę sumienia w celu ograniczenia świadczenia usług.
Prawa osób z niepełnosprawnościami a strategiczna litygacja w czasach populizmu
Authors: Sobański Kamil
Published: August 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie sytuacji osób z niepełnosprawnościami w kontekście populizmu i strategicznej litygacji. W artykule skupiam się na analizie wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w sprawie świadczeń pielęgnacyjnych. Najpierw przedstawiam tło społeczne, w jakim należy osadzić orzeczenie Trybunału. W dalszej części dokonuję rekonstrukcji wyroku, której głównym założeniem jest wskazanie najważniejszych punktów uzasadnienia orzeczenia. Następnie omawiam wnioski z rekonstrukcji wyroku. W kolejnych fragmentach przybliżam spojrzenie na argumentację Trybunału i innych stron procesu przez pryzmat definicji upokorzenia zaproponowanej przez Avishaia Margalita. Odnoszę je do strategicznej litygacji i jej braku we wskazanej sprawie. Na koniec badam wpływ populizmu na realizację wyroku oraz sytuację osób z niepełnosprawnościami. Pewne fragmenty uzasadnienia wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego mogą prowadzić do upokorzenia grupy osób z niepełnosprawnościami, podobnie jak brak realizacji tego wyroku przez ustawodawcę. Stawiam tezę, że nie doszło do strategicznej litygacji, albowiem nie było możliwości narracyjnej i siły politycznej opiekunów dorosłych osób z niepełnosprawnościami. Ponadto podkreślam, że populizm przyczynia się do kierowania nowych świadczeń socjalnych dla tej grupy, które nie przekładają się na realizację wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego.
Insights on the practice schedule role on performance under a hierarchical system view
Authors: Correa Umberto C. , Okada Ulysses A. , Ugrinowitsch Herbert , Benda Rodolfo N.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: A theoretical background of hierarchical open systems has emerged as an alternative for explaining consistency and adaptability as complementary in the same motor skill related-structure at different levels of analysis.
AIM: Based on original supporting evidence, this paper presents and discusses how an adoption of such background allows theoretical and methodological insights on the role of practice schedule on performance.
METHOD: Sixteen unexperienced individuals of both sexes performed 240 trials of the golf putting task over three days. They were randomly divided into four experimental groups: CO3 (performed trials at a distance of 3.0 m from the target); CO3i (performed all trials at a distance of 3.0 m from the target with a 9º incline on the last meter of the mini-golf putting); CO4 (performed all trials at a distance of 4.0 m from the target); and, VAR (performed all trials under these conditions in a counterbalanced order).
RESULTS: All groups improved the performances related to the task goal, but in a different way by considering the frequencies of golf putting in different performance zones. Results also showed that the constant groups (CO3, CO3i and CO4) modified the macrostructures in different dimensions over practice, while VAR group only altered the microstructure.
CONCLUSION: The distinct effects of the practice schedules on motor skill structure formation were only inferred because of adopting the hierarchical system view. Based on this background, it was possible to speculate that each practice schedule drives differently the formation of a motor control structure.
The influence of goal-directed reaching distance on standing postural control variability in non-disabled individuals
Authors: Ilha Jocemar , Récchia Mayara B. , Do Espírito Santo Caroline C. , Pereira Marcelo P. , Pereira Natália D.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Performing everyday standing tasks is relevant to the individuals independence. It is a challenging postural action that requires upper extremity (UE) movements to interact with objects of the environment. Postural movement variability is a strategy of the postural system for exploring postural boundaries during the action. The distance to the target to be reached may affect the variability in postural control parameters.
AIM: To test if the variability in postural control parameters is enhanced by reaching beyond the UE-length during a goal-directed standing task.
METHOD: Twelve non-disabled adult individuals performed reaching to turn on a light switch (target) while standing, which was placed at 100% and 130% of the UE-length distance. The kinetic data were recorded using a force plate during the UE movement, and the centre of pressure (CoP) displacement variability index was calculated.
RESULTS: The variability index of the CoP displacement for reaching was greater at the distance of 130% of UE-length compared to 100% in both anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions (p = 0.019). No differences in time to complete the task were observed.
CONCLUSION: Postural system increases the variability in postural controlling variable CoP displacement for reaching beyond the UE-length while standing. This movement variability helps individuals explore the boundaries of this standing action and may be useful for learning processes and counterbalancing postural disturbances.
It's not the type of practice that matters, it's the attitude: The impact of playful practice on motor skill learning
Authors: Anderson David I. , Steel Kylie A.
Published: August 2022

The traditional approach to practice has focused on the physical structure of practice, manipulating parameters like duration, spacing, task variations, practice order, and whether tasks are practiced in parts or as a whole and physically or mentally. The emergence of the deliberate practice framework shifted the focus to the learner’s attitude or mindset toward practice. It argues that the most effective practice involves a consciously effortful, workman-like approach to remedying weaknesses in performance. In the current paper, we build on the notion of deliberate play that arose in response to the deliberate practice framework. Rather than view deliberate play as a forerunner to deliberate practice, we argue that a playful approach to practice can benefit the learning process at any stage of learning or skill development. We draw on contemporary research in motor learning and development, in developmental and evolutionary psychology, and in education to highlight the benefits of a playful approach to practice on motor skill learning. We end with practical suggestions for encouraging a playful approach to practice and learning.
Extensive practice in motor learning: An overview and future directions
Authors: Profeta Vitor L. S. , Ugrinowitsch Herbert
Published: August 2022

Extensive practice is observed when performance reaches a plateau despite practice continuation. Although extensive practice promotes better results in retention tests, its status regarding transfer tests is not clear. The Adaptive Process Approach states that transfer will benefit from extensive practice. In turn, the Specificity of Practice Hypothesis states that transfer may be harmed after extensive practice. Each perspective has been around for 30 years, accumulating enough information to support its claims. However, they have not been directly contrasted, and each perspective has independently developed its methodological strategy to understand the role of extensive practice in motor learning. Therefore, it is possible that results supporting the perspectives are by-products of their methodological strategies, providing narrow validation limits to both perspectives. In order to better understand the effects of extensive practice on transfer, it is necessary to contrast the Adaptive Process Approach with the Specificity of Practice Hypothesis in a single and unifying methodological framework.
Editorial: The Role of Practice in Motor Skill Acquisition: New Issues, the Same Question
Authors: Pacheco Matheus M.
Published: August 2022

Practice is necessary but not sufficient for learning. Why is that the case? In this editorial, I invite the readers to consider what is the role of practice in motor skill acquisition and to read the contributions of well-known researchers in the area to this special issue. Through a summary of the diverse offered opinions, I provide a potential heuristic view that demonstrates what are the new venues on the theme. As it seems, the question remains unanswered and challenges to answer it abound. This special issue sets the starting point for a needed research agenda on the theme.
Al-Balqa Applied University Intermediate Colleges Commitment to Exclusive Standards of Technical Education
Authors: Alsmadi Mohareb Ali
Published: August 2022

Abstract:This study investigated Al-Balqa Applied University Intermediate Colleges Commitment to Exclusive Standards of Technical Education. The study involved a randomly chosen sample of 123 members of the teaching staff in three colleges (The technological Engineering College, El-Husun University College and Ajloun University College). The study tool consisted of sixty items related to six variables (leadership, organizational culture, planning, curricula, teaching technology, scientific research, community service and development). The statistical analysis showed that the responses were at the average level and there were no significant differences (α =0.05) in the evaluations of the members of the study of the colleges commitment to the Exclusive Standards of Technical Education, based on the study variables (college, academic degree, teaching experience and specialty. It was  recommended that an international electronic data-base should be provided,  and that Exclusive Standards of Technical Education should be adopted to evaluate the quality of teaching at technical colleges.
Developing a Proposed Strategy for the Universities of Saudi Arabia to Meet Educational Changes and Challenges from the Perspective of the Teaching Staff at the Colleges of Education
Authors: Alscati Mohamed Ibrahim , Alzboon Mohammad Saleem
Published: August 2022

abstract:This study aimed to develop a proposed strategy at th Universities of Saudi Arabia to meet the educational changes and challenges in the light of the perspectives of the teaching staff at the colleges of education. The study sample consisted of all teaching staff members in the colleges of education in Saudi universities, which were (731). The study used survey analytical developmental method, represented by the construction of the questionnaire so as to design the proposed strategy of all stages. Statistical means, standard deviations, as well as the equation Cronbach alpha coefficient to find out the internal consistency were used.The results showed that the teaching staff’s estimations  of the manifestations of change in the Saudi community  were moderate (3.66), whereas their estimations of the challenges facing Saudi universities were high (3.72). In light of these findings, the study proposed a strategy for the Saudi universities to address the educational changes and challenges.  The mission of the strategy is centered around supporting members of the knowledge community and developing their leadership skills so as to be able to face educational changes. The vision of the strategy is to make universities the milestones for promising future.
Level of Quality Education Services and the Effect on Students’ Satisfactory: A Filed Study at Saida University – Algeria
Authors: زقاي حميدي , Ouazani Mohammed
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of the quality of services offered by Saida University– Algeria- on students’ satisfaction, using a scale of Service Performance (SERVPERF), which mainly focused on measuring the actual performance of the service provided to students. To achieve this objective, a questionnaire, consisting of (29) items, was developed and distributed to the study sample which consisted of 370 students.; The collected data was statistically analyzed using the (SPSS.V.20) statistical program. The study results showed that the degree of appreciation of the quality of services by students was on average, with an overall degree of 57.4%. The results also showed that students’ satisfaction of the quality of educational services at the University was on average, with an overall degree of 54%. There was also a statistically significant effect on the quality of educational services to the satisfaction of students of (0.05). Finally, the study proposed a number of recommendations the most important of which were that modern methods of dealing with students should be followed, including considering their needs and voices, and taking care of them, because they are the focus of all educational processes.

Keywords: Quality of service, Teaching, Students’ satisfaction.
The status of the programs of preparing English language teachers in the light of NCATE Standards at Palestinian universities, Ghaza
Authors: Shaladan Fayiz Kamal , Abulila Bed Elkareem
Published: August 2022

The study aimed to identify the status of the programs of preparing English teachers at the Palestinian Universities in the light of NCATE standards and the ways to improve them.  In order to achieve the objectives of the study the researchers used  the descriptive analytical approach.

The study sample consisted of (46) English teachers from Palestinian Universities. The researchers used the questionnaire as a main tool for collecting data. They also used the interview as a secondary tool, in order to know how  to improve the status of the programs of preparing English teachers in Gaza Governorates. The study revealed a number results, including the following:

The total score of the current status of the programs of preparing English language teachers in the light of NCATE standards was 68.42%, which could be considered high.

·        There are statistically significant differences  due to the university in all areas in favor of Al-Quds Open University, except the fifth area (the staff) which came in favor  of Al-Azhar University.

There are no significant differences due to the years of service. Submitting proposals to improve teachers of English preparation programs.

The study recommended Palestinian universities to make the best use of modern experiences to improve such programs, and to have professional development programs for the members of English teaching staff through training workshops.

Keywords: Programs of preparing English teachers, English language teachers, Palestinian universities, NCATE standards.
Indicators of Scholarly Production and Impact of Faculty Members at some State Universities in Sudan: An Analytical Study
Authors: Abu Elgassim Mohamme Awad Allah Mohammed , Abdallah Hamd Abdallah Hussein
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of scholarly production and impact indicators of faculty members at some state Universities in Sudan. The study used a purposive sample which consisted of (191) faculty members from state Universities (El Imam El Mahdi, Bakhat El rrida, Kordofan, & West Kordofan University). To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used CVs and content analysis as well as the descriptive analytical method. The study showed that the level of indicators of production and scholarly impact of faculty members at those state Universities was low, as the mean was (6.524). The mean of scholarly impact was (7.952) at a level (0.05). There was also a difference in the scholarly production and impact indicators of faculty members at those state Universities in Sudan depending on the place of obtaining the doctorate degree, in favour of those who did their degrees abroad. Also, there was a difference in the scholarly production and impact indicators depending on the academic rank (assistant professor, associate professor, and professor), in favour of Professors. Based on the study results it was recommended that the university administrations and the ministry of higher Education should provide appropriate opportunities for researchers to publish their studies and to subscribe to international academic networks that are interested in the impact of research.

Keywords: H-Index, Scholarly production, Scholarly impact.
Management level of Intellectual Capital in the Palestinian Universities from the Perspective of Faculty Members in Relationship to the Aspects of Excellence
Authors: Assaf Mahmoud A.R.
Published: August 2022

The study aimed to identify the degree of assessment given by faculty members of the Palestinian universities about their efforts in managing the intellectual capital, and to identify the aspects of excellence mostly preferred by them and the relationship between these aspects. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher followed the descriptive method by applying two questionnaires: the first consisting of (37) items; and the second comprising (28) items distributed to (4) areas. The sample consisted of (229) faculty members from these universities: (Al-Azhar, the Islamic university and al-Aqsa). They were selected using the random stratified method. The results were as follows:

The respondents’ total degree of assessment of the efforts exerted by the universities in intellectual capital was at the rate of (63.8%), which is a medium degree. The area of (management of relations) came in first place at a rate of (71.2%) with a large degree. The ‘management of intellectual and organizational assets’ was given the last rank with a medium degree and the rate of (56.80%)

The aspect of excellence that was given the first rank by the respondents was the (development of faculty members and teaching) at the rate of (65.2 % ), and with a medium degree. The least trend is (supporting talent and creativity ) which came in the last rank, with a medium degree and a rate of (59.4%).

There was a statistically significant correlation of (α≤0.05) between the degree of respondents’ assessment of university efforts in managing intellectual capital and their assessment of the aspects of excellence, recording a correlation coefficient of (0.737 ).

 Keywords: Aspects of excellence, Intellectual capital, Efforts of Palestinian Universities.
Reasons for The Spread of The Phenomenon of Violence in Jordanian Universities from The Perspective of University Administrations and Their Role in Reducing Them
Authors: Al-Qudah "Mohammed Amin" Hamed , Dagher Azhar Khader Daoud
Published: August 2022

Abstract:      The Study aimed to identify the causes of the phenomenon of violence in Jordanian universities, and university administrations role in the reduction of this phenomenon, to contribute to propose some solutions that may be useful in reducing the phenomenon. The study sample consisted of (333) of academic administrators in Jordanian universities for the academic year (2014/2015). For data analysis, arithmetic averages, standard deviations, multi-ANOVA, Scheffe test. The findings of the study showed that the estimate of the sample of the study of the causes of violence in Jordanian universities, was average, as shown by the results presence statistically significant differences in the causes of the phenomenon of violence in Jordanian universities, functional level and in favor of Vice President of the University and Dean of the College and Vice Dean of the Faculty. The study defines the role of the university departments in the reduction of the phenomenon of violence in Jordanian universities, and propose solutions.
A construção de barragens e seus efeitos sobre comunidades rurais: uma análise a partir do Reassentamento Novo Alagamar
Authors: Alves Marina Calisto , Lima Filipe Augusto Xavier
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho analisa os efeitos e as transformações na dinâmica socioprodutiva de comunidades rurais atingidas por construções de barragens no Semiárido nordestino. Na análise aqui proposta, o universo empírico são os agricultores familiares do Reassentamento Novo Alagamar, situado no município de Jaguaretama, estado do Ceará, que sofreram um processo de deslocamento compulsório em virtude da implantação da barragem Castanhão. A pesquisa foi realizada com um enfoque qualitativo, a partir de entrevistas, transcrição e análise dos dados. Constatou-se que os agricultores atingidos do reassentamento sofreram diferentes implicações em seus modos de vida e nas suas atividades produtivas, decorrentes do processo de desterritorialização. Não obstante, ao enfrentarem incertezas, violações e dificuldades, esses agricultores também articularam saberes antigos da vida anterior com os novos saberes advindos da mudança, gerando um processo de reterritorialização permanente.
Análise do Plano de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento dos Municípios (PAM) − desenvolvimento regional em Mariópolis, PR
Authors: Cattani Josiane , Mello Nilvania
Published: August 2022

As políticas públicas de desenvolvimento regional são propulsoras de desenvolvimento dos pequenos municípios. O Plano de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento dos Municípios (PAM), instituído em 2013, tem como propósito transferir recursos do estado do Paraná para os municípios com população inferior a 50.000 habitantes. Para isso, os municípios precisam se adequar a todos os critérios estabelecidos nas normas que regem o programa. O município de Mariópolis é um dos beneficiários do PAM desde o ano em que foi instituído o programa. O presente artigo foi construído a partir de um estudo realizado por meio de dados disponibilizados pela Prefeitura Municipal de Mariópolis que foram comparados com os dados do Portal da Transparência do Município e do Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Paraná (TCE-PR). O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar as implicações do PAM em sua trajetória de aplicação no município de Mariópolis, visando contribuir para uma análise das políticas públicas de desenvolvimento regional. Constataram-se pontos de convergência e divergência ao analisar as questões parametrizadas nas políticas públicas, tendo como alternativa o fortalecimento das bases locais e dos atores sociais para o enfrentamento e melhoramento dessa política de incentivo municipal.
Índice de Modernização Agrícola na região Nordeste
Authors: Lima Gércia Cunha de , Campos Kilmer Coelho , Alves Antonia Gislayne Moreira
Published: August 2022

A modernização da agricultura no Brasil não ocorreu de maneira uniforme entre regiões; no Sul e Sudeste, esse processo foi mais rápido do que no Nordeste. Este estudo tem por objetivo construir um Índice de Modernização Agrícola (IMA) a fim de verificar os condicionantes da modernização nos municípios nordestinos. Para isso, foram utilizados dados do Censo Agropecuário de 2017 e aplicada Análise Fatorial e de Clusters para encontrar os indicadores associados à atividade agrícola e agrupar os municípios similares segundo o IMA. Os resultados evidenciam que 88,42% dos municípios analisados têm uma propensão agrícola baixa e apenas 0,91% apresentou um índice considerado bom. Dessa forma, espera-se que a gestão governamental invista em políticas públicas que equalizem as disparidades entre as localidades, estimulando a utilização de sistemas de irrigação, máquinas e equipamentos apropriados, e o aumento das áreas exploradas, com o intuito de melhorar o processo de modernização na região Nordeste.
Aquicultura e inovação com base em processos de aprendizagem interativa: Projeto Pacu em Terenos, MS
Authors: Pache Marcio Carneiro Brito , Le Bourlegat Cleonice Alexandre , Dias Jefferson Levy Espindola , Sant'Ana Diego André , Pistori Hemerson , Naka Marco Hiroshi
Published: August 2022

Este artigo descreve as tecnologias de inovação do Projeto Pacu durante sua trajetória relacionada à aquicultura, assim como os impactos em sua estrutura e dinâmicas. O objeto de pesquisa é a unidade produtiva da Fazenda Santa Rosa em Terenos, Mato Grosso do Sul. A influência dos processos de aprendizagem interativa no ato inovador foi avaliada neste trabalho. Este estudo de caso faz uso do método descritivo e explicativo da origem e dinâmica da empresa, mediante acesso a fontes bibliográficas e documentais, associadas à coleta de dados com apoio de um questionário ao gerente executivo e visitas diretas à unidade. A pesquisa permitiu verificar a importância do papel da aprendizagem interativa exercida pela empresa, desde suas origens, seja em processos de inovação sistêmica, seja na incorporação de competências que potencializam sua resiliência e a possibilidade de propagar os conhecimentos de forma sistêmica.
Leveraging Student Engagement through MS Teams at an Open and Distance E-learning Institution
Authors: Chaka Chaka , Nkhobo Tlatso , Lephalala Mirriam
Published: August 2022

The current paper reports on a study that was conducted at the University of South Africa (UNISA) in 2021. The study involved three cohorts of undergraduate students (n = 20, n = 12 and n = 18), where each cohort participated in one of the virtual sessions offered on MS Teams as part of their modules’ virtual classes. Employing a case study research design, the study used the interactions students had on MS Teams through messages in each session to determine how such messages served as indicators of student engagement. Four student engagement dimensions, namely emotional, behavioral, cognitive and academic engagement, were the focus of this study. Two of the findings of this study are: (a) only few students dominated the messages posted during the three live virtual sessions; and (b) cognitive and emotional engagement dimensions were the two predominant dimensions of student engagement. The paper ends with the implications and recommendations.
Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de gestantes com diabetes mellitus gestacional assistidas em uma maternidade de referência no Ceará
Authors: Pinho Andreza Ribeiro , Amancio Samuel Aguiar , Reges Antônio Sérgio de Aguiar , Silva Felipe Batista da
Published: August 2022

Introdução: O Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG) acarreta impactos negativos à saúde materno-infantil. Logo, propõe-se realizar uma avaliação do perfil epidemiológico de gestantes com DMG visando um entendimento mais elucidativo acerca dessa temática. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de gestantes diagnosticadas com DMG em uma maternidade de referência no Ceará confrontando tais dados com os da literatura atual. Metodologia: Estudo retrospectivo com revisão de prontuários de gestantes com DMG acompanhadas na endocrinologia do Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio de 2018 a 2020. Os parâmetros analisados foram histórico obstétrico, comorbidades maternas, idade e período gestacional do diagnóstico, Índice de Massa Corporal prévio, ganho de peso gestacional, tratamento usado, via e indução do parto e maturidade fetal. Resultados: 121 gestantes foram incluídas, sendo 22 eutróficas, 33 com sobrepeso, 36 tinham obesidade grau I, 15 grau II e 10 grau III. Houve ganho de peso adequado em 23,14% das gestantes, 35,54% ganharam acima e 41,32% abaixo do recomendado. Quanto à terapêutica, 49,60% receberam apenas orientações de mudança no estilo de vida. 75,21%, das gestantes foram submetidas ao parto cesáreo. Quanto à maturidade fetal, 85,95%, tiveram parto a termo. Conclusão: Considera-se os resultados encontrados relevantes para o desenvolvimento de estratégias em saúde, promovendo o bem-estar materno-fetal.
Peace processes, people, and politics
Authors: Egan E.
Published: August 2022

Review of: Contemporary Peacemaking: Peace Processes, Peacebuilding and Conflict. Eds. R. Mac Ginty and A. Wanis-St.John. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2022
What’s in a name? “De facto states”, terminological choices and normative consequences
Authors: Kolstø P.
Published: August 2022

There are a handful of territories around the globe that have state-like qualities such as governments, police, and tax collection, but are not recognized as states by other states, or are, perhaps, recognized by only one or several states. The study of these entities has been characterized by “terminological anarchy”, with each author developing his or her own designations, sometimes covering exactly the same ground, or seeking to introduce definitions to expand or delimit the number of cases. While these “name games” are partly driven by the ambitions of academics who want to present their research as being original and innovative, they also reveal underlying attitudes towards the phenomenon of de facto statehood. In the article, the range of appellations used in describing these political entities at the margins of international society is analyzed, to see what the choices of names can tell us about underlying attitudes. It is argued that current terminological pluralism is unhelpful and should be eliminated, in order to ensure that we are referring to the same entities in discussing what these entities “are”, what moves them and how they interact with other entities.
Electrodeless Heart and Respiratory Rate Estimation During Sleep Using a Single Fabric Band and Event-Based Edge Processing
Authors: Jayarathna Titus , Gargiulo Gaetano D. , Lui Gough Y. , Breen Paul P.
Published: August 2022

Heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) are two vital parameters of the body medically used for diagnosing short/long term illness. Out-of-the-body, non-contact HR/RR measurement remains a challenge due to imprecise readings. “Invisible” wearables integrated into day-to-day garments has the potential to produce precise readings with comfortable user experience. Sleep studies and patient monitoring benefit from “Invisibles” due to longer wearability without significant discomfort. This paper suggests a novel method to reduce the footprint of sleep monitoring devices. We use a single silver-coated nylon fabric band integrated into a substrate of standard cotton/nylon garment as a resistive elastomer sensor to measure air and blood volume change across the chest. We introduce a novel event-based architecture to process data at the edge device and describe two algorithms to calculate real-time HR/RR on ARM Cortex-M3 and Cortex-M4F microcontrollers. RR estimations show a sensitivity of 99.03% and a precision of 99.03% for identifying individual respiratory peaks. The two algorithms used for HR calculation show a mean absolute error of 0.81±0.97 and 0.86±0.61 beats/minute compared to a gold standard ECG-based HR. The event-based algorithm converts the respiratory/pulse waveform into instantaneous events, therefore, reducing the data size by 40-140 times and requires 33% less power to process and transfer data. Further, we show that events hold enough information to reconstruct the original waveform, retaining pulse, and respiratory activity. We suggest fabric sensors and event-based algorithms would drastically reduce the device footprint and increase the performance for HR/RR estimations during sleep studies providing better user experience.
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL KONSEP BILANGAN ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN (PENELITIAN SURVEI DI TK GUGUS DAHLIA WONOSARI, KLATEN)
Authors: Cahyaningrum Wulan Nur , Rasmani Upik Elok Endang , Pudyaningtyas Adriani Rahma
Published: August 2022

Abstrak
Kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan merupakan kemampuan anak memahami mengenai berapa banyak suatu benda dan berkaitan erat dengan jumlah dan penghitungan. Mengenal konsep bilangan sangat penting untuk dikembangkan, karena bilangan merupakan hal yang sering dijumpai dalam kehidupan anak dan merupakan landasan untuk menguasai konsep-konsep matematika pada jenjang pendidikan selanjutnya. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan anak usia 4-5 tahun di TK Gugus Dahlia Kecamatan Wonosari Klaten. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode survei. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2020-Januari 2021. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah anak usia 4-5 tahun di TK Gugus Dahlia Kecamatan Wonosari Klaten yang berjumlah 92 anak. Teknik pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dengan bantuan google form.
Hasil survei dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan mengenal konsep konsep bilangan anak di TK Gugus Dahlia memiliki kemampuan yang beragam yakni terdapat anak pada kategori MB (mulai berkembang), kategori BSH (berkembang sesuai harapan) dan kategori BSB (berkembang sangat baik). Anak yang termasuk pada kategori BSH berarti indikator kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan pada kebanyakan anak sudah tercapai.

Kata kunci : profil, konsep bilangan, anak usia dini

Abstract
The number concept abilities is a childs ability to understand how much an object is and is closely related to number and counting. Knowing the concept of numbers is very important to develop, because numbers are things that are often encountered in childrens lives and are the basis for mastering mathematical concepts at the next level of education. The research aims to determine the concept of number abilities for children aged 4-5 years in Dahlia Cluster, Wonosari Klaten. This research is a type of quantitative research using a survey method. This research was conducted in August 2020-January 2021. The sample of this research is children aged 4-5 years in Dahlia Cluster, Wonosari Klaten, amounting to 92 children. Data collection techniques in this research using a questionnaire with the help of google form.
The results of the survey in this study indicate that the ability to recognie the concept of numbers in the Dahlia Kindergarten has various abilities, namely that there are children in the category of starting to develop, developing according to expectation, and developing very well. Children who are included in developing according to expectation category means that the indicator of the ability to recognize the concept of numbers in most children has been achieved.

Keywords : number concepts, early childhood, children aged 4-5 years.
Bioinformatic analysis of lucifensin potential as a nutraceutical source for livestock
Authors: Nuryady Moh Mirza , Fatmawati Diani , Ariesaka Kiky Martha , Utami Inggita , Maliza Rita , Wahyuni Ika
Published: August 2022

Objective: High number of antibiotic resistance cases in livestock will impact on increasing cases of microbe’s infection. On the other hand, the use of synthetic antibiotics is currently limited. A possible alternative can be used is the utilization of foods that possess medicinal effects (nutraceuticals). The use of animal feed sourced from Diptera larvae has been increasing widely, due to its high protein content. In addition, it is comprised of nutraceuticals as antimicrobial peptides like lucifensin. This study aimed at determining the potential of lucifensin as a nutraceutical product for livestock based on bioinformatics study.

Methods: This study is descriptive research. The lucifensin protein data was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The protein relationship analysis was performed using Blast-NCBI and lipinski Rules of 5 (Ro5) analysis to determine its potential as an oral drug (bioavailability). The molecular docking was used Swiss Docking online with lucifensin as target protein and Lipoteichoic Acid (LTAs) of Staphyllococus aureus as ligand.

Results: The relationship analysis results showed that the lucifensin protein was related to two proteins of the other orders of diptera such as phormicin and sapecin. This protein belongs to the defensin protein family in which its coding genes are conserved until the order level. The Ro5 results showed that the mass of lucifensin protein was 312 daltons, its high lippopolycity was -0.5, it has five hydrogen bond donors, six hydrogen bond acceptors, and its molar refractivity was 77.14. Toxicity test also showed that this protein is classified as a safe component, and the docking results illustrate a strong energy bond that plays an important role in antimicrobial activity.

Conclusions: In conclusion, lucifensin protein in the Lucilia sp. larvae is potential to be used as a livestock nutraceutical source that acts as an antimicrobial peptide.
Ongole Crossbreeds conservation with the existence value approach and the willingness to pay farmers in Yogyakarta Indonesia
Authors: Ernanto Elisa Christian Adhie , Widiati Rini , Kusumastuti Tri Anggraeni
Published: August 2022

Objective: The objective of the research was to identify and measure the value of existence, thus to analyze Willingness To Pay of farmer to keep the existence of Ongole Crossbreeds.

Methods: The research was conducted in the Independent Taruna Group, Ngemplak District, Sleman Regency with the consideration that it is a PO cattle group that has the largest number of members in Sleman Regency. Determination of respondents by census as many as 40 farmers. Data was collected through interviews using a questionnaire as a research instrument. The identification of the existence of the business includes the availability of inputs, the development of outputs and the accessibility of supporting PO cattle using a Likert scale. Testing the consistency of statement items is tested for validity and reliability. The Contingent Valuation method is used to estimate the Willingness to Pay of farmers in maintaining their business.

Results: The value of business sustainability from the existence of input (0.896), output (0.985), and support (0.885) is in the high category. The largest WTP value is the purchase of young female cattle with an average value of IDR 14.500.000/head, followed by waste treatment of IDR. 11,509,000/year and parent insurance of IDR. 40,000/head/year. The aggregate value of the group's WTP is IDR. 1,350,000,000/year.

Conclusions: Livestock groups can maintain the existence of PO cattle because of the support of business existence, utilization of dung waste to increase income, and Willingness To Pay farmers. On the other hand, government support to provide subsidies and Siwab or its extension Mandatory cattle breeding is maintained to maintain the presence of PO cattle
Analisa Kelayakan Pemberian Bantuan BLT pada Desa Pasangan Kecamatan Talang Kabupaten Tegal menggunakan Metode Topsis
Authors: Irawan Bei Harira
Published: August 2022

Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT) Dana Desa dari pemerintah merupakan salah satu bantuan sosial kepada masyarakat desa salah satu desa penerima bantuan ini adalah Desa Pasangan Kecamatan Talang yang terletak di wilayah Kabupaten Tegal. Jumlah data total penerima lebih banyak dari jumlah kuota penerima, untuk itu diperlukan analisa siapa warga yang berhak menjadi penerimanya. Penelitian ini menganalisa kelayakan warga penerima BLT Dana Desa menggunakan metode TOPSIS menggunakan 4 kriteria yaitu berkategori lansia, tidak memiliki pekerjaan tetap (serabutan), memiliki penyakit lama dan penerimaan bantuan lainnya. Dari hasil sampel data warga untuk dilakukan perhitungan metode TOPSIS menggunakan 4 kriteria dengan range bobot 1-3 dihasilkan nilai Solusi Ideal Positif (A+) tertinggi 3,93835477 yaitu pada kriteria penerima bantuan lainnya, sedangkan Solusi Ideal Negatif (A-) tertinggi 0,437594974 pada kriteria yang sama yaitu penerima bantuan lainnya dengan nilai preferensi tertingi jarak terdekat dari solusi ideal positif dan terjauh dari solusi ideal negatif. yaitu 0,82373709
Implementasi Algoritma Fisher-Yates pada Pengacakan Soal Goalpro Education Game
Authors: Aini Nuru , Wijaya Etistika Yuni
Published: August 2022

Kegiatan pembelajaran memerlukan media pembelajaran yang digunakan untuk menunjang siswa dalam memahami suatu materi pembelajaran dan meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Salah satu media pembelajaran adalah dengan menggunakan game edukasi. Game edukasi yang diterapkan pada proses pembelajaran akan lebih menarik perhatian siswa dan efektif digunakan untukmendorong siswa terlibat langsung dalam proses pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil observasi awal di SMK 2 Bangkalan adalah belum adanya sebuah mediapembelajaran berupa game edukasi yang digunakan untuk siswa belajar.Berdasarkan hasil wawancara guru di SMK 2 Bangkalan bahwa siswa kurang memahami secara tepat mengenai algoritma pemrograman. Kurangnya pemahaman terhadap algoritma juga menyebabkan siswa kesulitan dalam melaksanakan ujian kompetensi kejuruan di kelas XII. Berdasarkan wawancara dengan siswa selama pembelajaran daring, siswa merasa bosan jika melaksanakanpembelajaran secara daring dengan media pembelajaran secara conference. Siswa merasa kesulitan dalam belajar algoritma pemrograman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa game edukasi yang mengimplementasi algoritma fisher-yates. Game edukasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan algoritma Fisher-Yates. Game edukasi dirancang untuk menanamkan nilai karakter kemandirian belajar siswa SMK 2 Bangkalan serta pengenalan budaya Madura. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitianpengembangan. Dalam penelitian pengembangan game edukasi menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analisis,Desain, Pengembangan, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi).
Proximal Biotinylation By Episomal Recruitment (PROBER)
Authors: Mondal Smarajit , Khavari Paul
Published: August 2022

Precise identification of proteins binding to DNA-elements has been challenging due to high noise in LC-MS/MS runs. Here we present Proximal Biotinylation by Episomal Recruitment or PROBER, a tool to identify sequence-specific DNA-bound proteins from live cells that uses high-copy episomes to amplify signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). PROBER detects association of transcription factors (TFs) and corresponding chromatin regulators to short DNA sequences as well as differential protein binding at single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), thereby facilitating study of binding quantitative trait loci (bQTLs) and regulatory mutations that alter TF recruitment. PROBER functions in a variety of cell types and primary cells, thus offering a readily adaptable approach to rapidly identify sequence-specific DNA-protein interactions.
Effects of different feeding methods on growth and slaughter performance, blood biochemical indexes and intestinal morphology in Minxinan black rabbits
Authors: chen dongjin , Sun ShiKun , Chen YanFeng , Wang JinXiang , Sang Lei , Gao ChengFang , Xie Xiping
Published: August 2022

Feed restriction after weaning is a common strategy in commercial rabbit farms to improve feed efficiency, promote health and to reduce mortality. However, no study has been published on Minxinan black rabbits. The effects of feed restriction on growth and slaughter performance, intestinal morphology and serum biochemical indexes of Minxinan black rabbits were evaluated in this study. Rabbits in group A (control group) ad libitum intake, the others in feed restriction groups (groups B, C and D) were restricted by 80% of the average daily feed intake of group A the day before. The experimental period lasted 8 weeks. The results indicated that, compared with group A, diarrhea rate of feed restriction groups C was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), the average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed/gain (F/G), abdominal fat weight, abdominal fat rate, the contents of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and intestinal crypt depth of feed restriction groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.01). F/G of group D was significantly lower than that of groups B and C (P < 0.05). Efficiency index (EEI) of groups C and D were higher than of groups A and B (P < 0.01). Triglyceride (TG) of groups C and D were significantly lower than group A (P < 0.01). The V/C of duodenum and jejunum of group D was significantly higher than that of group A (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the F/G, diarrhea rate, abdominal fat rate, serum ALT and lipid indexes of Minxinan black rabbits can be reduced, EI and intestinal health can be improved by feed restriction. Feeding twice a day, 30% at 8:00am and 70% at 4:00pm has the best comprehensive effects.
A prospective, single-centre, randomized, double-blind controlled study protocol to study whether long-term oral metronidazole can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative liver metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Gao Rui Qi , Mo Zhen Chang , Zhou Hai Kun , Yu Peng Fei , Wang Wei Dong , Dong Dan Hong , Yang Xi Sheng , Li Xiao Hua , Ji Gang
Published: August 2022

Introduction
Fifteen to twenty-five percent of patients with colorectal cancer have combined liver metastases at the time of diagnosis, whereas an additional fifteen to twenty-five percent will develop liver metastases after curative resection of primary colorectal cancer, with the vast majority (80% − 90%) of liver metastases unresponsive to curative resection at first. Colorectal cancer liver metastasis is also the leading cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated that intestinal flora, especially Fusobacterium nucleatum, plays a crucial role in the development of colorectal cancer liver metastasis, so we hypothesized that long-term metronidazole use could effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients.
Methods/design
This study is a prospective, single-centre, randomized, double-blind controlled study in which 300 patients will be randomly assigned to the test group or the control group in a 1:1 allocation ratio. The aim of this trial is to demonstrate that long-term oral antibiotics can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative liver metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer.
Ethics and dissemination
Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee at the Chinese Ethics Committee of Registering Clinical Trials (ChiECRCT20210229). The results of this study will be disseminated at several research conferences and as published articles in peer-reviewed journals.
Trial registration
. ChiCTR2100046201. Registered on July 05, 2021, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=125730&htm=4