bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
sTim-3 alleviates liver injury via regulation of the immunity microenvironment and autophagy
Authors: Yang Ying , Ying Gaoxiang , Wu Fengtian , Chen Zhi
Published: July 2020

Liver failure (LF) is a monocyte/macrophage-mediated liver injury that has been associated with inflammatory mediators. However, the mechanism through which monocytes/macrophages regulate LF has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of soluble T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-containing molecule-3 (sTim-3) in inhibition of release of inflammatory mediators. We further assess this role in protection against D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver failure (ALF), via monocyte/macrophage regulation and autophagy induction in mice. Our findings indicate significantly higher plasma sTim-3 in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) group relative to other groups, with this trend associated with disease progression. Furthermore, infiltrated recombinant sTim-3 inhibited release of various inflammatory mediators, including cytokines and human high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), potentially via autophagy induction. Furthermore, H&E staining and the low levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in ALF mice, supported that recombinant sTim-3 effectively alleviated liver injury. Moreover, sTim-3 induced changes in monocyte/macrophage population in mice’s liver or blood, which consequently caused a reduction in proinflammatory CD11bhiF4/80lo monocyte-derived macrophages and Ly-6C(+)CD11b(+) monocytes. Conversely, sTim-3 increased autophagy levels of hepatic CD11b(+) monocyte-derived macrophages and decreased apoptosis rate of CD11b (+) monocytes in the blood. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that sTim-3 alleviated inflammatory response and liver injury by promoting autophagy and regulating monocyte/macrophage function. This indicates its potential for future development of novel therapeutic strategies against LF.
Ligand engineering to achieve enhanced ratiometric oxygen sensing in a silver cluster-based metal-organic framework
Authors: Dong Xi-Yan , Si Yubing , Yang Jin-Sen , Zhang Chong , Han Zhen , Luo Peng , Wang Zhao-Yang , Zang Shuang-Quan , Mak Thomas C. W.
Published: July 2020

Ratiometric luminescent oxygen sensing based on dual fluorescence and phosphorescence emission in a single matrix is highly desirable, yet the designed synthesis remains challenging. Silver-chalcogenolate-cluster-based metal-organic frameworks that combine the advantages of silver clusters and metal-organic frameworks have displayed unique luminescent properties. Herein, we rationally introduce −NH2 groups on the linkers of a silver-chalcogenolate-cluster-based metal-organic framework (Ag12bpy-NH2) to tune the intersystem crossing, achieving a dual fluorescence-phosphorescence emission from the same linker chromophore. The blue fluorescence component has a 100-nm gap in wavelength and 8,500,000-fold difference in lifetime relative to a yellow phosphorescence component. Ag12bpy-NH2 quantifies oxygen during hypoxia with the limit of detection of as low as 0.1 ppm and 0.3 s response time, which is visualized by the naked eye. Our work shows that metal cluster-based MOFs have great potential in luminescent sensing, and the longer-lived charge-separated states could find more photofunctional applications in solar energy transformation and photocatalysis.
Multi-faceted epigenetic dysregulation of gene expression promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cao Wei , Lee Hayan , Wu Wei , Zaman Aubhishek , McCorkle Sean , Yan Ming , Chen Justin , Xing Qinghe , Sinnott-Armstrong Nasa , Xu Hongen , Sailani M. Reza , Tang Wenxue , Cui Yuanbo , liu Jia , Guan Hongyan , Lv Pengju , Sun Xiaoyan , Sun Lei , Han Pengli , Lou Yanan , Chang Jing , Wang Jinwu , Gao Yuchi , Guo Jiancheng , Schenk Gundolf , Shain Alan Hunter , Biddle Fred G. , Collisson Eric , Snyder Michael , Bivona Trever G.
Published: July 2020

Epigenetic landscapes can shape physiologic and disease phenotypes. We used integrative, high resolution multi-omics methods to delineate the methylome landscape and characterize the oncogenic drivers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We found 98% of CpGs are hypomethylated across the ESCC genome. Hypo-methylated regions are enriched in areas with heterochromatin binding markers (H3K9me3, H3K27me3), while hyper-methylated regions are enriched in polycomb repressive complex (EZH2/SUZ12) recognizing regions. Altered methylation in promoters, enhancers, and gene bodies, as well as in polycomb repressive complex occupancy and CTCF binding sites are associated with cancer-specific gene dysregulation. Epigenetic-mediated activation of non-canonical WNT/β-catenin/MMP signaling and a YY1/lncRNA ESCCAL-1/ribosomal protein network are uncovered and validated as potential novel ESCC driver alterations. This study advances our understanding of how epigenetic landscapes shape cancer pathogenesis and provides a resource for biomarker and target discovery.
Transmission phase read-out of a large quantum dot in a nanowire interferometer
Authors: Borsoi Francesco , Zuo Kun , Gazibegovic Sasa , Op het Veld Roy L. M. , Bakkers Erik P. A. M. , Kouwenhoven Leo P. , Heedt Sebastian
Published: July 2020

Detecting the transmission phase of a quantum dot via interferometry can reveal the symmetry of the orbitals and details of electron transport. Crucially, interferometry will enable the read-out of topological qubits based on one-dimensional nanowires. However, measuring the transmission phase of a quantum dot in a nanowire has not yet been established. Here, we exploit recent breakthroughs in the growth of one-dimensional networks and demonstrate interferometric read-out in a nanowire-based architecture. In our two-path interferometer, we define a quantum dot in one branch and use the other path as a reference arm. We observe Fano resonances stemming from the interference between electrons that travel through the reference arm and undergo resonant tunnelling in the quantum dot. Between consecutive Fano peaks, the transmission phase exhibits phase lapses that are affected by the presence of multiple trajectories in the interferometer. These results provide critical insights for the design of future topological qubits.
Burst-tree decomposition of time series reveals the structure of temporal correlations
Authors: Jo Hang-Hyun , Hiraoka Takayuki , Kivelä Mikko
Published: July 2020

Comprehensive characterization of non-Poissonian, bursty temporal patterns observed in various natural and social processes is crucial for understanding the underlying mechanisms behind such temporal patterns. Among them bursty event sequences have been studied mostly in terms of interevent times (IETs), while the higher-order correlation structure between IETs has gained very little attention due to the lack of a proper characterization method. In this paper we propose a method of representing an event sequence by a burst tree, which is then decomposed into a set of IETs and an ordinal burst tree. The ordinal burst tree exactly captures the structure of temporal correlations that is entirely missing in the analysis of IET distributions. We apply this burst-tree decomposition method to various datasets and analyze the structure of the revealed burst trees. In particular, we observe that event sequences show similar burst-tree structure, such as heavy-tailed burst-size distributions, despite of very different IET distributions. This clearly shows that the IET distributions and the burst-tree structures can be separable. The burst trees allow us to directly characterize the preferential and assortative mixing structure of bursts responsible for the higher-order temporal correlations. We also show how to use the decomposition method for the systematic investigation of such correlations captured by the burst trees in the framework of randomized reference models. Finally, we devise a simple kernel-based model for generating event sequences showing appropriate higher-order temporal correlations. Our method is a tool to make the otherwise overwhelming analysis of higher-order correlations in bursty time series tractable by turning it into the analysis of a tree structure.
Divergence in the metabolome between natural aging and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Hunsberger Holly C. , Greenwood Bennett P. , Tolstikov Vladimir , Narain Niven R. , Kiebish Michael A. , Denny Christine Ann
Published: July 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and debilitating neurodegenerative disorder and one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Although amyloid plaques and fibrillary tangles are hallmarks of AD, research suggests that pathology associated with AD often begins 20 or more years before symptoms appear. Therefore, it is essential to identify early-stage biomarkers in those at risk for AD and age-related cognitive decline (ARCD) in order to develop preventative treatments. Here, we used an untargeted metabolomics analysis to define system-level alterations following cognitive decline in aged and APP/PS1 (AD) mice. At 6, 12, and 24 months of age, both control (Ctrl) and AD mice were tested in a 3-shock contextual fear conditioning (CFC) paradigm to assess memory decline. AD mice exhibited memory deficits across age and these memory deficits were also seen in naturally aged mice. Prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HPC), and spleen were then collected and analyzed for metabolomic alterations. A number of significant pathways were altered between Ctrl and AD mice and naturally aged mice. By identifying systems-level alterations following ARCD and AD, these data could provide insights into disease mechanisms and advance the development of biomarker panels.
LSD-induced increases in social adaptation to opinions similar to one’s own are associated with stimulation of serotonin receptors
Authors: Duerler Patricia , Schilbach Leonhard , Stämpfli Philipp , Vollenweider Franz X. , Preller Katrin H.
Published: July 2020

Adapting one’s attitudes and behaviors to group norms is essential for successful social interaction and, thus, participation in society. Yet, despite its importance for societal and individual functioning, the underlying neuropharmacology is poorly understood. We therefore investigated its neurochemical and neural correlates in a pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has been shown to alter social processing and therefore provides the unique opportunity to investigate the role of the 5-HT2A receptor in social influence processing. Twenty-four healthy human volunteers received either (1) placebo + placebo, (2) placebo + LSD (100 µg), or (3) the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist ketanserin (40 mg) + LSD (100 µg) at three different occasions in a double-blind, randomized, counterbalanced, cross-over design. LSD increases social adaptation but only if the opinions of others are similar to the individual’s own. These increases were associated with increased activity in the medial prefrontal cortex while participants received social feedback. Furthermore, pretreatment with the 5-HT2A antagonist ketanserin fully blocked LSD-induced changes during feedback processing, indicating a key role of the 5-HT2A system in social feedback processing. Our results highlight the crucial role of the 5-HT-system in social influence and, thus, provide important insight into the neuropharmacological basis of social cognition and behavior.
Chronic cement dust load induce novel damages in foliage and buds of Malus domestica
Authors: Shah Kamran , An Na , Ma Wenchun , Ara Gulshan , Ali Kawsar , Kamanova Svetlana , Zuo Xiya , Han Mingyu , Ren Xiaolin , Xing Libo
Published: July 2020

Cement industry-derived pollutants appear to play multiple roles in stimulating abiotic stress responses in plants. Cement dust deposition on agriculture fields can affect soils, photosynthesis, transpiration and respiration of plants. Here, we characterised the acute physiological responses of Malus × domestica leaves to different cement dust concentrations. The cement dust was sprinkled over plants daily for 2 months at 10 and 20 g/plant, with 0 g/plant serving as the control. Leaf physiological responses revealed significant increases in oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity levels. Additionally, ascorbic acid, soluble sugar, free amino acid, and pigment levels decreased after exposure to cement dust. Macroscopic morphometric parameters, such as weight, dry matter content, and lengths and widths of leaves and buds, were significantly reduced in the cement-treated groups. A histological analysis of leaves and buds revealed decreased cellular areas, cellular damage, and abridged leaf thickness, while an ion leakage assay confirmed the negative effects on tissue integrity. These results provide evidence that cement dust is a hazardous pollutant that induces abiotic stress responses and has degradative effects on leaf health, pigment and biochemical metabolite levels, and anatomical features. Studies to determine the elemental residues of cement dust present in edible plant parts and the adverse impacts of their consumption on human health are strongly recommended.
Hydrogen-rich water reduces inflammatory responses and prevents apoptosis of peripheral blood cells in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial
Authors: Sim Minju , Kim Chong-Su , Shon Woo-Jeong , Lee Young-Kwan , Choi Eun Young , Shin Dong-Mi
Published: July 2020

The evidence for the beneficial effects of drinking hydrogen-water (HW) is rare. We aimed to investigate the effects of HW consumption on oxidative stress and immune functions in healthy adults using systemic approaches of biochemical, cellular, and molecular nutrition. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, healthy adults (20–59 y) consumed either 1.5 L/d of HW (n = 20) or plain water (PW, n = 18) for 4 weeks. The changes from baseline to the 4th week in serum biological antioxidant potential (BAP), derivatives of reactive oxygen, and 8-Oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine did not differ between groups; however, in those aged ≥ 30 y, BAP increased greater in the HW group than the PW group. Apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was significantly less in the HW group. Flow cytometry analysis of CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD14+ and CD11b+ cells showed that the frequency of CD14+ cells decreased in the HW group. RNA-sequencing analysis of PBMCs demonstrated that the transcriptomes of the HW group were clearly distinguished from those of the PW group. Most notably, transcriptional networks of inflammatory responses and NF-κB signaling were significantly down-regulated in the HW group. These finding suggest HW increases antioxidant capacity thereby reducing inflammatory responses in healthy adults.
Glycolaldehyde-modified proteins cause adverse functional and structural aortic remodeling leading to cardiac pressure overload
Authors: Haesen Sibren , Cöl Ümare , Schurgers Wouter , Evens Lize , Verboven Maxim , Driesen Ronald B. , Bronckaers Annelies , Lambrichts Ivo , Deluyker Dorien , Bito Virginie
Published: July 2020

Growing evidence supports the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the development of diabetic vascular complications and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We have shown that high-molecular-weight AGEs (HMW-AGEs), present in our Western diet, impair cardiac function. Whether HMW-AGEs affect vascular function remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of chronic HMW-AGEs exposure on vascular function and structure. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were daily injected with HMW-AGEs or control solution for 6 weeks. HMW-AGEs animals showed intracardiac pressure overload, characterized by increased systolic and mean pressures. The contraction response to PE was increased in aortic rings from the HMW-AGEs group. Relaxation in response to ACh, but not SNP, was impaired by HMW-AGEs. This was associated with reduced plasma cyclic GMP levels. SOD restored ACh-induced relaxation of HMW-AGEs animals to control levels, accompanied by a reduced half-maximal effective dose (EC50). Finally, collagen deposition and intima-media thickness of the aortic vessel wall were increased with HMW-AGEs. Our data demonstrate that chronic HMW-AGEs exposure causes adverse vascular remodelling. This is characterised by disturbed vasomotor function due to increased oxidative stress and structural changes in the aorta, suggesting an important contribution of HMW-AGEs in the development of CVDs.
Contradictory effects of leaf rolls in a leaf-mining weevil
Authors: Kobayashi Chisato , Matsuo Kazunori , Kawata Masakado
Published: July 2020

Leaf rolls by herbivorous insects evolved in various lepidopteran groups, aphids, and some attelabid weevil species. Leaf rolls are known to have a positive effect on the survival of immature insects, protecting them from natural enemies such as birds, ants, predatory wasps, and parasitoids as well as environmental stress. On the other hand, leaf rolls are considered to have a negative effect on immature survival, attracting natural enemies because of their noticeability and subsequent learning or specialization. In this study, we directly tested the effects of leaf rolls using an attelabid species by comparing the fate of immature insects between artificial leaf rolls and unrolled leaves. The results showed the following positive effects of leaf rolls: avoidance of parasitism by eulophid wasps and avoidance of egg predation by unknown predators. On the other hand, a negative effect of leaf rolls was also detected, specifically and increase in mortality via leaf roll herbivory. This study indicated that leaf shelters are not only protective refuges but are also sometimes risky hiding places, although total survival rates increased in leaf shelters.
Vitamin D protects against immobilization-induced muscle atrophy via neural crest-derived cells in mice
Authors: Nakamura Satoshi , Sato Yuiko , Kobayashi Tami , Kaneko Yosuke , Ito Eri , Soma Tomoya , Okada Hiroyuki , Miyamoto Kana , Oya Akihito , Matsumoto Morio , Nakamura Masaya , Kanaji Arihiko , Miyamoto Takeshi
Published: July 2020

Vitamin D deficiency is a recognized risk factor for sarcopenia development, but mechanisms underlying this outcome are unclear. Here, we show that low vitamin D status worsens immobilization-induced muscle atrophy in mice. Mice globally lacking vitamin D receptor (VDR) exhibited more severe muscle atrophy following limb immobilization than controls. Moreover, immobilization-induced muscle atrophy was worse in neural crest-specific than in skeletal muscle-specific VDR-deficient mice. Tnfα expression was significantly higher in immobilized muscle of VDR-deficient relative to control mice, and was significantly elevated in neural crest-specific but not muscle-specific VDR-deficient mice. Furthermore, muscle atrophy induced by limb immobilization in low vitamin D mice was significantly inhibited in Tnfα-deficient mice. We conclude that vitamin D antagonizes immobilization-induced muscle atrophy via VDR expressed in neural crest-derived cells.
Comparative assessment of mouse models for experimental orthodontic tooth movement
Authors: Kirschneck Christian , Bauer Maria , Gubernator Joshua , Proff Peter , Schröder Agnes
Published: July 2020

Animal experiments are essential for the elucidation of biological-cellular mechanisms in the context of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). So far, however, no studies comparatively assess available mouse models regarding their suitability. OTM of first upper molars was induced in C57BL/6 mice either via an elastic band or a NiTi coil spring for three, seven or 12 days. We assessed appliance survival rate, OTM and periodontal bone loss (µCT), root resorptions, osteoclastogenesis (TRAP+ area) and local expression of OTM-related genes (RT-qPCR). Seven days after the elastic bands were inserted, 87% were still in situ, but only 27% after 12 days. Survival rate for the NiTi coil springs was 100% throughout, but 8.9% of the animals did not survive. Both methods induced significant OTM, which was highest after 12 (NiTi spring) and 7 days (band), with a corresponding increase in local gene expression of OTM-related genes and osteoclastogenesis. Periodontal bone loss and root resorptions were not induced at a relevant extent by neither of the two procedures within the experimental periods. To induce reliable OTM in mice beyond 7 days, a NiTi coil spring is the method of choice. The elastic band method is recommended only for short-term yes/no-questions regarding OTM.
Pro-inflammatory properties of H-ferritin on human macrophages, ex vivo and in vitro observations
Authors: Ruscitti Piero , Di Benedetto Paola , Berardicurti Onorina , Panzera Noemi , Grazia Nicolò , Lizzi Anna Rita , Cipriani Paola , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Giacomelli Roberto
Published: July 2020

Ferritin is an iron-binding molecule, which comprises 24 subunits, heavy (FeH) and light (FeL) subunits, suggested to have a pathogenic role by the ‘hyperferritinemic syndrome’. In this work, we tested (1) FeH and FeL in bone marrow (BM) and sera in patients with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS); (2) pro-inflammatory effects of ferritin, FeL, and FeH on macrophages; (3) ability of FeH-stimulated macrophages to stimulate the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs); (4) production of mature IL-1β and IL-12p70 in extracellular compartments of FeH-stimulated macrophages. Immunofluorescence analysis and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) based proteomics were performed to identify FeL and FeH in BM and sera, respectively, in the same patients. Macrophages were stimulated with ferritin, FeH, and FeL to assess pro-inflammatory effects by RT-PCR and western blot. The proliferation of co-cultured PBMCs with FeH-stimulated macrophages was tested. Immunofluorescence showed an increased FeH expression in BMs, whereas LC–MS/MS identified that FeL was mainly represented in sera. FeH induced a significant increase of gene expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, more marked with FeH, which also stimulated NLRP3. FeH-stimulated macrophages enhanced the proliferation of PBMCs. The ELISA assays showed that mature form of IL-1β and IL-12p70 were increased, in extracellular compartments of FeH-stimulated macrophages. Our results showed FeH in BM biopsies of MAS patients, whereas, LC–MS/MS identified FeL in the sera. FeH showed pro-inflammatory effects on macrophages, stimulated NLRP3, and increased PBMCs proliferation.
Recombinant expression, purification and PEGylation of Paneth cell peptide (cryptdin-2) with value added attributes against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Dilawari Rahul , Kaur Amrita , Sahni Girish , Rishi Praveen
Published: July 2020

Cryptdins are disulfide-rich cationic antimicrobial peptides secreted by mouse Paneth cells and are known to exhibit potent antimicrobial activity against various deadly pathogens. Keeping in view the extremely low yield obtained from mouse Paneth cells and high cost of synthetic peptide(s), herein, we have attempted to produce cryptdin-2 in Escherichia coli using recombinant technology. To avoid lethal effects of peptide on the host cells, cryptdin-2 was expressed as a fusion protein with thioredoxin as fusion partner which yielded 40 mg/L protein in the soluble fraction. Subsequently, mature cryptdin-2 was cleaved from the fusion partner and purified by cation exchange chromatography. Since conjugation of poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) has been known to improve the biological properties of biomolecules, therefore, we further attempted to prepare PEG-conjugated variant of cryptdin-2 using thiol specific PEGylation. Though the antimicrobial activity of PEGylated cryptdin-2 was compromised to some extent, but it was found to have enhanced serum stability for longer duration as compared to its un-modified forms. Also, it was found to exhibit reduced toxicity to the host cells. Further, its synergism with gentamicin suggests that PEGylated cryptdin-2 can be used with conventional antibiotics, thereby indicating its possibility to be used as an adjunct therapy.
Illuminating nature’s beauty: modular, scalable and low-cost LED dome illumination system using 3D-printing technology
Authors: Bäumler Fabian , Koehnsen Alexander , Tramsen Halvor T. , Gorb Stanislav N. , Büsse Sebastian
Published: July 2020

Presenting your research in the proper light can be exceptionally challenging. Meanwhile, dome illumination systems became a standard for micro- and macrophotography in taxonomy, morphology, systematics and especially important in natural history collections. However, proper illumination systems are either expensive and/or laborious to use. Nowadays, 3D-printing technology revolutionizes lab-life and will soon find its way into most people’s everyday life. Consequently, fused deposition modelling printers become more and more available, with online services offering personalized printing options. Here, we present a 3D-printed, scalable, low-cost and modular LED illumination dome system for scientific micro- and macrophotography. We provide stereolithography ('.stl') files and print settings, as well as a complete list of necessary components required for the construction of three differently sized domes. Additionally, we included an optional iris diaphragm and a sliding table, to arrange the object of desire inside the dome. The dome can be easily scaled and modified by adding customized parts, allowing you to always present your research object in the best light.
Optimal SSSC-based power damping inter-area oscillations using firefly and harmony search algorithms
Authors: Naderipour Amirreza , Abdul-Malek Zulkurnain , Ramachandaramurthy Vigna K. , Miveh Mohammad Reza , Moghaddam Mohammad Jafar Hadidian , Guerrero Josep. M.
Published: July 2020

The static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) can add a series reactance to the transmission line, and when it is fed using auxiliary signals, it can participate in damping inter-area oscillations by changing the series reactance. In this paper, the effect of the SSSC on small-signal stability is investigated. The design of a controller for damping oscillations is designed and discussed. Moreover, using the firefly and the harmony search algorithms, the optimal parameters controlling SSSC are addressed. The effectiveness of these two algorithms and the rate of SSSC participation in damping inter-area oscillation are also discussed. MATLAB software was used to analyse the models and to perform simulations in the time domain. The simulation results on the sample system, in two areas, indicated the optimal accuracy and precision of the proposed controller.
Improving prediction of rare species’ distribution from community data
Authors: Zhang Chongliang , Chen Yong , Xu Binduo , Xue Ying , Ren Yiping
Published: July 2020

Species distribution models (SDMs) have been increasingly used to predict the geographic distribution of a wide range of organisms; however, relatively fewer research efforts have concentrated on rare species despite their critical roles in biological conservation. The present study tested whether community data may improve modelling rare species by sharing information among common and rare ones. We chose six SDMs that treat community data in different ways, including two traditional single-species models (random forest and artificial neural network) and four joint species distribution models that incorporate species associations implicitly (multivariate random forest and multi-response artificial neural network) or explicitly (hierarchical modelling of species communities and generalized joint attribute model). In addition, we evaluated two approaches of data arrangement, species filtering and conditional prediction, to enhance the selected models. The model predictions were tested using cross validation based on empirical data collected from marine fisheries surveys, and the effects of community data were evaluated by comparing models for six selected rare species. The results demonstrated that the community data improved the predictions of rare species’ distributions to certain extent but might also be unhelpful in some cases. The rare species could be appropriately predicted in terms of occurrence, whereas their abundance tended to be underestimated by most models. Species filtering and conditional predictions substantially benefited the predictive performances of multiple- and single-species models, respectively. We conclude that both the modelling algorithms and community data need to be carefully selected in order to deliver improvement in modelling rare species. The study highlights the opportunity and challenges to improve prediction of rare species’ distribution by making the most of community data.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Monitoring the temperature through moving average control under uncertainty environment
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , Al Shareef Abdulmohsen , Khan Khushnoor
Published: July 2020

The existing moving average control charts can be only applied when all observations in the data are determined, precise, and certain. But, in practice, the data from the weather monitoring is not exact and express in the interval. In this situation, the available monitoring plans cannot be applied for the monitoring of weather data. A new moving average control chart for the normal distribution is offered under the neutrosophic statistics. The parameters of the offered chart are determined through simulation under neutrosophic statistics. The comparison study shows the superiority of the proposed chart over the moving average control chart under classical statistics. A real example from the weather is chosen to present the implementation of the chart. From the simulation study and real data, the proposed chart is found to be effective to be applied for temperature monitoring than the existing control chart.
Mutational spectrum and prognosis in NRAS-mutated acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Wang Shujuan , Wu Zhenzhen , Li Tao , Li Yafei , Wang Weiqiong , Hao Qianqian , Xie Xinsheng , Wan Dingming , Jiang Zhongxing , Wang Chong , Liu Yanfang
Published: July 2020

The mutational spectrum and prognostic factors of NRAS-mutated (NRASmut) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are largely unknown. We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) in 1,149 cases of de novo AML and discovered 152 NRASmut AML (13%). Of the 152 NRASmut AML, 89% had at least one companion mutated gene. DNA methylation-related genes confer up to 62% incidence. TET2 had the highest mutation frequency (51%), followed by ASXL1 (17%), NPM1 (14%), CEBPA (13%), DNMT3A (13%), FLT3-ITD (11%), KIT (11%), IDH2 (9%), RUNX1 (8%), U2AF1 (7%) and SF3B1(5%). Multivariate analysis suggested that age ≥ 60 years and mutations in U2AF1 were independent factors related to failure to achieve complete remission after induction therapy. Age ≥ 60 years, non-M3 types and U2AF1 mutations were independent prognostic factors for poor overall survival. Age ≥ 60 years, non-M3 types and higher risk group were independent prognostic factors for poor event-free survival (EFS) while allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was an independent prognostic factor for good EFS. Our study provided new insights into the mutational spectrum and prognostic factors of NRASmut AML.
A zwitterionic ligand-based water-stable metal–organic framework showing photochromic and Cr(vi) removal properties
Authors: Zhang Chenghui , Shi Huaizhong , Yan Yan , Sun Libo , Ye Yu , Lu Yizhong , Liang Zhiqiang , Li Jiyang
Published: July 2020

A water-stable In-MOF based on the zwitterionic viologen ligand was synthesized. It exhibits photochromic property and Cr(vi) removal performance.
A sandwich-type surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensor using dual aptamers and gold nanoparticles for the detection of tumor extracellular vesicles
Authors: Hou Min , He Dinggeng , Bu Hongchang , Wang Huizhen , Huang Jin , Gu Jinqing , Wu Ri , Li Hung-Wing , He Xiaoxiao , Wang Kemin
Published: July 2020

A sandwich-type surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor using dual aptamers and gold-enhanced Raman signal probes has been successfully constructed for the detection of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles.
The chemical biology of IL-12 productionviathe non-canonical NFkB pathway
Authors: Koch Peter D. , Pittet Mikael J. , Weissleder Ralph
Published: July 2020

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) has emerged as an attractive cytokine for cancer therapy because it has direct anti-cancer effects and additionally plays a critical role in enhancing checkpoint inhibitors.
Harnessing cyclotides to design and develop novel peptide GPCR ligands
Authors: Muratspahić Edin , Koehbach Johannes , Gruber Christian W. , Craik David J.
Published: July 2020

Cyclotides are plant-derived cyclic peptides that have emerged as promising scaffold molecules for designing peptide-based therapeutics. Cyclotide engineering may lead to the development of novel ligands of G protein-coupled receptors with improved pharmacological properties.
Copper-catalyzed cascade cyclization reaction of 3-aminocyclobutenones with electron-deficient internal alkynes: synthesis of fully substituted indoles
Authors: Yu Yang , Wang Xin-Yu , Peng Ju-Yin , Liu Tao , Zhao Yu-Long
Published: July 2020

A novel copper-catalyzed cascade cyclization reaction of 3-aminocyclobutenones with electron-deficient internal alkynes has been developed. This reaction provides a new method for the synthesis of fully substituted indoles by formation of four new bonds and two rings in a single step.
Discovery of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)-specific PROTACs
Authors: Xiao Yufeng , Wang Jia , Zhao Lisa Y. , Chen Xinyi , Zheng Guangrong , Zhang Xuan , Liao Daiqing
Published: July 2020

Potent and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)-specific PROTAC XZ9002 is reported here.
Constructing a 3D-layered energetic metal–organic framework with the strong stacking interactions of hydrogen-bridged rings: the way to an insensitive high energy complex
Authors: Chen Xiang , Guo Zhaoqi , Zhang Cong , Gao Rong , Zhang Jianguo , Ma Haixia
Published: July 2020

Constructing 3D-layered EMOFs with strong stacking interactions of hydrogen-bridged rings to enhance their packing efficiency and energetic performances.
Multicomponent supramolecular assembly of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and malonic acid: a deep insight into the formation of selective cocrystals
Authors: Yang Jinyue , Wang Na , Tian Beiqian , Ji Xiongtao , Hou Baohong , Wang Ting , Huang Xin , Su Junquan , Yang Zhanao , Hao Hongxun
Published: July 2020

Insight into the selective cocrystallization between HBA isomers and MA.
Evolution of the structure and dynamics of bovine serum albumin induced by thermal denaturation
Authors: Matsarskaia Olga , Bühl Lena , Beck Christian , Grimaldo Marco , Schweins Ralf , Zhang Fajun , Seydel Tilo , Schreiber Frank , Roosen-Runge Felix
Published: July 2020

Using small-angle and time-resolved quasielastic neutron scattering, we study the process of thermal denaturation in concentrated protein solutions, and obtain structural and dynamical signatures of partial unfolding and subsequent cross-linking.
Giant magnetoresistance and dual spin filtering effect in ferromagnetic 6,6,12/γ-graphyne zigzag nanoribbon lateral heterojunction
Authors: Zhang Liwen , Yang Yaqing , Chen Jun , Zheng Xiaohong , Zhang Lei , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang
Published: July 2020

The perfect dual spin filtering effect in a ferromagnetic 6,6,12/γ-GYZNR lateral heterojunction device can be observed in APC and PC under the control of bias and gate voltage.
Origin of photocatalytic activity enhancement in Pd/Pt-deposited anatase N-TiO2 – experimental insights and DFT study of the (001) surface
Authors: Batalović K. , Radaković J. , Bundaleski N. , Rakočević Z. , Pašti I. , Skorodumova N. V. , Rangel C. M.
Published: July 2020

Single-atom deposition achievable for small concentrations of Pd or Pt on Nint-TiO2.
Tuning of the electrocatalytic characteristics of PANI/Fe2O3 composite coating for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Sumi V. S. , Elias Liju , Deepa M. J. , Shibli S. M. A.
Published: July 2020

The paper reports a simple and cost-effective strategy for the development of a stable and reproducible PANI/Fe2O3 composite coating as an efficient electrode for the electrocatalytic alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
Modulating the regioselectivity of solid-state photodimerization in coordination polymer crystals
Authors: Hu Fei-Long , Qin Zhen , Wang Meng-Fan , Kang Xue Wan , Qin Yong-Li , Wang Yong , Chen Shu-Li , Young David James , Mi Yan
Published: July 2020

Two isomeric photoproducts are regioselectively obtained by [2 + 2] cycloaddition of 1,4-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]-benzene within different coordination polymers.
Tin oxide subnanoparticles: a precisely-controlled synthesis, subnano-detection for their detailed characterisation and applications
Authors: Kuzume Akiyoshi , Yamamoto Kimihisa
Published: July 2020

Precise synthesis, structural characterisation and application studies of atomicity-controlled tin oxide subnanoparticles.
Marigold-like tyrosinase-embedded nanostructures—a nano-in-micro system
Authors: Manigandan Amrutha , Vimalanadhan Mangalagowri , Dhandapani Ramya , Bagewadi Shambhavi , Kannan Vishal , Sethuraman Swaminathan , Subramanian Anuradha
Published: July 2020

Facile development of tyrosinase-embedded copper heterostructures demonstrates the advantages of copper ion in the immobilization of tyrosinase as a nano-microflower assembly.
Ultrafine copper nanoclusters and single sites for Fenton-like reactions with high atom utilities
Authors: Yin Yu , Li Wenlang , Xu Chunli , Shi Lei , Zhang Lai-Chang , Ao Zhimin , Liu Mengxuan , Lu Min , Duan Xiaoguang , Wang Shaobin , Liu Shaomin , Sun Hongqi
Published: July 2020

Fenton-like degradation ofp-hydroxybenzoic acid by ultrafine copper nanoclusters and single sites exhibited high atom utilities and a wide working pH range.
Polystyrene nanoplastics accumulate in ZFL cell lysosomes and in zebrafish larvae after acute exposure, inducing a synergistic immune response in vitro without affecting larval survival in vivo
Authors: Brandts Irene , Garcia-Ordoñez Marlid , Tort Lluis , Teles Mariana , Roher Nerea
Published: July 2020

Polystyrene nanoplastics are internalized in zebrafish liver cells, accumulating in lysosomes, and in zebrafish larvae but do not affect the larval suvival to a lethal infection.
Reaction of chlorine dioxide with organic matter – formation of inorganic products
Authors: Hupperich Katharina , Mutke Xenia A. M. , Abdighahroudi Mohammad Sajjad , Jütte Mischa , Schmidt Torsten C. , Lutze Holger V.
Published: July 2020

Chlorine dioxide reacts with electron-rich moieties of NOM, such as phenols, to form different inorganic products. The yields of inorganic products depend on the moieties and help to identify the pathway.
Wheat-derived arabinoxylans reduced M2-macrophage functional activity, but enhanced monocyte-recruitment capacity
Authors: Govers Coen , Tang Yongfu , Stolte Ellen H. , Wichers Harry J. , Mes Jurriaan J.
Published: July 2020

Various non-digestible polysaccharides (NDPs), in particular wheat-AX, altered the gene transcription, function, cytokine and chemokine secretion pattern of non-polarized M0 and M1- and M2-like macrophages.
Early galactooligosaccharide intervention alters the metabolic profile, improves the antioxidant capacity of mitochondria and activates the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway in suckling piglet liver
Authors: Wang Jue , Tian Shiyi , Wang Jing , Zhu Weiyun
Published: July 2020

The early GOS intervention altered the composition of the hepatic metabolic profile by promoting lipid catabolism and regulating amino acid metabolism in the suckling piglets.
Metabolism of different dietary phenolic compounds by the urolithin-producing human-gut bacteria Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens and Ellagibacter isourolithinifaciens
Authors: García-Villalba Rocío , Beltrán David , Frutos María D. , Selma María V. , Espín Juan C. , Tomás-Barberán Francisco A.
Published: July 2020

Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens and Ellagibacter isourolithinifaciens are two human gut bacterial species that convert ellagic acid into urolithins. They also convert phenolics by that remove hydroxyls from catechol groups and reduce double bonds by hydrogenation.
LiBr-promoted photoredox neutral Minisci hydroxyalkylations of quinolines with aldehydes
Authors: Ji Xiaochen , Liu Qiong , Wang Zhongzhen , Wang Pu , Deng Guo-Jun , Huang Huawen
Published: July 2020

A bromide additive is found to be the key for the success of atom-economical photoredox neutral Minisci hydroxyalkylations.
New imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-based aryl hydrazones: unravelling their synthesis and antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing potential
Authors: Shareef Mohd Adil , Devi Ganthala Parimala , Rani Routhu Sunitha , Kumar C. Ganesh , Kamal Ahmed , Babu Bathini Nagendra
Published: July 2020

Herein, we have designed and synthesized new imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-based aryl hydrazones (9a–w) and evaluated their anti-proliferative potential against a panel of human cancer cell lines.
A tetrathiafulvalene–l-glutamine conjugated derivative as a supramolecular gelator for embedded C60 and absorbed rhodamine B
Authors: Liu Yucun , Liu Zhixue , Wang Yuan , Zhang Lili , Jiang Xuemei , Che Guangbo
Published: July 2020

An l-glutamine-containing tetrathiafulvalene gelator could form charge-transfer complex gels in the presence of C60, and also the native gel exhibited excellent absorption properties for the removal of rhodamine B from aqueous solution.
Hydrophobicity controls guest uptake in Rh8metallacages
Authors: Yu Wei-Bin , Qiu Feng-Yi , Xin Zhi-Feng , Sun Po
Published: July 2020

The hydrophobic interaction plays a key role in the host–guest systems.
Coordinating and supramolecular prospects of unsymmetrically substituted carbohydrazides
Authors: Topić Edi , Landripet Ivana , Duguin Maëlle , Pisk Jana , Đilović Ivica , Vrdoljak Višnja , Rubčić Mirta
Published: July 2020

Unsymmetrically substituted carbohydrazides serve as multifunctional ligands, practicing their chelating and supramolecular roles withcis-dioxomolybdenum(vi) cationic core and the Lindqvist anion.
Mechanofluorochromic carbon dots under grinding stimulation
Authors: Xu Yang , Li Yuhan , Meng Yuhang , Li Huanrong
Published: July 2020

A simple route to reversible mechanofluorochromic carbon dots tuned by grinding and acid fuming.
The palladium-catalyzed direct C3-cyanation of indoles using acetonitrile as the cyanide source
Authors: Liu Bifu , Liu Min , Li Qiang , Li Yuanhua , Feng Kejun , Zhou Yongbo
Published: July 2020

The palladium-catalyzed C3-cyanation of indoles via direct C–H functionalization was achieved utilizing CH3CN as the cyanide source through transition-metal-catalyzed C–CN bond cleavage.
Recent advances in alkaline earth metal-enabled syntheses of heterocyclic compounds
Authors: Sun Ying , Hu Mengqin , Fu Shaomin , Liu Bo
Published: July 2020

This review summarizes recent progress in alkaline earth metal enabled syntheses of heterocyclic compounds.
The Sb/SbPO4@3D-G composite as a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Xie Tingzhen , Zhang Zhigang , Lin Xiaoping , Shen Yidong , Li Qiuhong
Published: July 2020

The Sb/SbPO4@3D-G composite exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with PO43− anions acting as a cushion and providing high conductivity.
Three non-centrosymmetric bismuth phosphates, Li2ABi(PO4)2(A = K, Rb, and Cs): effects of cations on the crystal structure and SHG response
Authors: Wen Ming , Hu Cong , Wu Hongping , Yang Zhihua , Yu H. H. , Pan Shilie
Published: July 2020

We reported the synthesis, structure and nonlinear properties of three phosphates, Li2ABi(PO4)2(A = K, Rb, and Cs), and the effects of cations on the crystal structure and SHG response.
Rapid synthesis of high-areal-capacitance ultrathin hexagon Fe2O3 nanoplates on carbon cloth via a versatile molten salt method
Authors: Gu Yi-Jie , Wen Wei , Zheng Shilie , Wu Jin-Ming
Published: July 2020

A molten salt method is developed to coat ultrathin hexagon Fe2O3 nanoplates on carbon cloth within 1 min, which simultaneously activates the carbon fibers, for flexible supercapacitors with a high areal capacitance.
Photoinduced strategies towards strained molecules
Authors: Pramanik Mukund M. D. , Qian Hao , Xiao Wen-Jing , Chen Jia-Rong
Published: July 2020

Photoinduced strategies towards radical reactions of [1.1.1]propellane and bicyclo [1.1.0]butanes by photoredox or metallaphotoredox catalysis have recently been disclosed, enabling controllable construction of 1,3-difunctionalized bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes and cyclobutanes.
A one-pot three-component strategy for highly diastereoselective synthesis of spirocycloalkane fused pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives using recyclable solid acid as a catalyst
Authors: Zhang Furen , Li Chunmei , Qi Chenze
Published: July 2020

An efficient and eco-friendly approach for highly diastereoselective synthesis of spirocycloalkane fused pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives has been developed.
Electrochemical sensory detection ofSus scrofamtDNA for food adulteration using hybrid ferrocenylnaphthalene diimide intercalator as a hybridization indicator
Authors: Kusnin Norzila , Yusof Nor Azah , Abdullah Jaafar , Sabri Suriana , Mohammad Faruq , Mustafa Shuhaimi , Ab Mutalib Nurul Asyikeen , Sato Shinobu , Takenaka Shigeori , Parmin Nor Azizah , Al-Lohedan Hamad A.
Published: July 2020

An electrochemical DNA biosensor was developed based on the fabrication of silicon nanowires/platinum nanoparticles on a screen-printed carbon electrode for the detection ofSus scrofamitochondrial DNA in food.
Influence of Ch substitution on structural, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of layered oxychalcogenides (La0.5Bi0.5O)CuCh (Ch = S, Se, Te): a new insight from first principles
Authors: Muhammady Shibghatullah , Widita Rena , Darma Yudi
Published: July 2020

Substituting Ch from S to Se to Te enhances local-symmetry distortion and thermoelectricity of (La0.5Bi0.5O)CuCh from first principles.
Connecting polymer synthesis and chemical recycling on a chain-by-chain basis: a unified matrix-based kinetic Monte Carlo strategy
Authors: De Smit Kyann , Marien Yoshi W. , Van Geem Kevin M. , Van Steenberge Paul H. M. , D'hooge Dagmar R.
Published: July 2020

Polymer synthesis and subsequent depolymerisation/degradation are linked at the molecular level.
Catalytic enantioselective allene–anhydride approach to β,γ-unsaturated enones bearing an α-all-carbon-quarternary center
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Zhang Xue , Qian Hui , Ma Shengming
Published: July 2020

A protocol of highly regio- and enantioselective copper-catalyzed hydroacylation of the non-terminal CC bond in 1,1-disubstituted terminal allenes with anhydrides has been developed.
Fabrication of lead-free CsBi3I10 based compact perovskite thin films by employing solvent engineering and anti-solvent treatment techniques: an efficient photo-conversion efficiency up to 740 nm
Authors: Mariyappan Pandiyarajan , Chowdhury Towhid H. , Subashchandran Shanthi , Bedja Idriss , Ghaithan Hamid M. , Islam Ashraful
Published: July 2020

Lead free CsBi3I10 based thin films has been developed for perovskite solar cells by introducing antisolvent method with photo conversion efficiency up to 740 nm.
A zinc ion yarn battery with high capacity and fire retardancy based on a SiO2 nanoparticle doped ionogel electrolyte
Authors: Liu Jie , Nie Ningyuan , Wang Hua , Chen Zhe , Ji Zhenyuan , Duan Xinfeng , Huang Yan
Published: July 2020

A flexible and wearable Zn//MnO2 yarn battery with fire retardability was fabricated by using a SiO2 nanoparticles doped ionogel electrolyte.
A metal–organic framework-derived pseudocapacitive titanium oxide/carbon core/shell heterostructure for high performance potassium ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Li Hongxia , Chen Jiangtao , Zhang Li , Wang Kunjie , Zhang Xu , Yang Bingjun , Liu Lingyang , Liu Weisheng , Yan Xingbin
Published: July 2020

A high performance potassium-ion hybrid capacitor is constructed by coupling a MOF-derived pseudocapacitive TiO2/C@NPSC heterostructure anode with a MOF-derived activated carbon cathode.
Single-atom electron microscopy for energy-related nanomaterials
Authors: Xu Mingquan , Li Aowen , Gao Meng , Zhou Wu
Published: July 2020

The advances in aberration correction have enabled atomic-resolution imaging and spectroscopy in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) under low primary voltages and pushed their detection limit down to the single-atom level.