bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achados audiológicos de agricultores familiares paranaenses expostos a agrotóxicos
Authors: Lobato Diolen Conceição Barros , Alcarás Patrícia Arruda de Souza , França Denise Maria Vaz Romano , Gonçalves Cláudia Giglio de Oliveira , Fuente Adrian , Lacerda Adriana Bender Moreira de
Published: September 2023

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as possíveis diferenças na audição de agricultores e suas famílias em comparação com população não exposta aos agrotóxicos. Método Estudo transversal, com 70 participantes (grupo pesquisa), com média de idade de 39,7 anos, de ambos os sexos, proprietários de pequenos estabelecimentos agrícolas vinculados a agricultura familiar e tempo de exposição médio aos agrotóxicos de 23,7 anos. Um grupo controle com 71 participantes de ambos os sexos, sem exposição a ruído e agentes químicos, com idade média de 39,5 anos, foi incluído para a comparação dos resultados. Na etapa 1, ambos os grupos foram submetidos a audiometria convencional e de altas frequências e imitanciometria. Na etapa 2, somente os normoouvintes foram submetidos as emissões otoacústicas evocadas e efeito de supressão das emissões otoacústicas transientes. Resultados Observou-se diferenças significativas entre os grupos para audiometria tonal convencional e de altas frequências, e no reflexo acústico. As frequências mais afetadas na audiometria tonal convencional foram 3 a 6kHz e na audiometria de altas frequências foram as frequências de 9.000 e 11.200 Hz. Nas emissões otoacusticas transientes, observou-se no efeito de supressão piores resultados no grupo de pesquisa. Conclusão Conclui-se que houve diferenças na audição dos agricultores familiares em comparação com o grupo controle. Os limiares auditivos convencionais estão relacionados em função do grupo, idade e gênero. O trabalho na agricultura está associado com o comprometimento na região basal da cóclea, à ausência de reflexo acústico, à redução da relação sinal/ruído das emissões otoacústicas transientes e à disfunção do sistema auditivo eferente olivococlear.
Acoustic measurements of CPPS and AVQI pre and post speech therapy
Authors: Hofman Eduarda Cristina , Dassie-Leite Ana Paula , Martins Perla do Nascimento , Pereira Eliane Cristina
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT Purpose To compare the acoustic measurements of Cepstral Peak Prominence-Smoothed (CPPS) and Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI) at pre- and post-voice therapy times. Methods This is a before and after intervention study, with retrospective data collection. Twenty-two subjects with a mean age of 49.9 years participated in the study. The vocal therapy occurred between the years 2016 to 2019 in a teaching clinic, and the subjects had vocal samples collected before and after the therapeutic processes. CPPS and AVQI data extractions were performed during pre- and post-therapy. In order to characterize the sample, auditory-perceptual evaluation (APE) regarding the overall degree of vocal deviation at pre- and post-therapy moments was performed. The data were analyzed statistically. Results The APE data indicated a decrease in the median values of overall vocal deviation degree at the post-therapy stage for both the vowel (p=0.00) and number (p=0.00) samples. The average CPPS for the vowel was 14.53 pre-therapy and 16.37 post-therapy (p=0.01); for the number emission, it was 8.22 pre-therapy and 9.06 post-therapy (p=0.02), there was a difference in the CPPS of the vowel and numbers indicating vocal improvement at post-therapy. The average AVQI was 2.27 pre-therapy and 1.54 post-therapy (p=0.05). There was an improvement in the AVQI results, with borderline p-value. Conclusion Vocal therapy produced changes in the general degree of vocal deviation, as well as in CPPS and AVQI measurements, and the results at the post-therapy moment are similar to those of vocally healthy individuals.
Radiografia das Políticas de Ação Afirmativa na Pós-Graduação das Universidades Federais
Authors: Bernardino-Costa Joaze , Borges Antonádia , Ferreira Maria Aparecida Chagas , Carlos Gabriella da Conceição e
Published: September 2023

Resumo Este artigo faz uma radiografia do sistema de pós-graduação das universidades federais no que diz respeito à adoção de políticas de ação afirmativa por meio de decisões de seus conselhos superiores. Para tanto, foram levantadas informações dos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros, a partir de dados da Plataforma Sucupira (quadriênio 2017-2020) e das resoluções dos conselhos superiores das 69 universidades federais do país. Do universo das universidades federais do país, 33 já adotam políticas de ação afirmativa. Apresentamos achados em relação ao público beneficiário, tipos de editais, tipo de validação da autodeclaração dos/as beneficiários/as, existência de políticas de permanência etc. Esta pesquisa, que dialoga com resultados de outras investigações, pode servir de parâmetro para universidades que estão estudando a adoção de tais políticas, além de ter a virtude de instar as instituições de ensino superior a monitorarem e expandirem suas políticas de ação afirmativa.
Effects of sports teaching models on different learning students’ domains: rationale and methodological protocol
Authors: Cunha Gabriel Barros da , Leonardi Thiago José , Bergmann Gabriel Gustavo
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT This study aimed to describe the methodological design of the Project entitled “Effects of the Sport Education Model (SEM) in Physical Education classes on physical, emotional, cognitive and socio-affective outcomes of students in different high school contexts”. An experimental study will be carried out with pre- and post-test measures in an experimental group (SEM) and in a comparator group (Traditional Teaching Model) randomized by clusters. The study hypothesizes that SEM will present positive and superior effects to the traditional model in all analyzed variables. The detailed description of the rationale and the methodological procedures of the Project will allow a better understanding of the results that will be presented after the end of the study.
Determinants behind the acceptance of autonomous vehicles in mandatory and optional trips
Authors: Farzin Iman , Mamdoohi Amir Reza , Abbasi Mohammadhossein , Baghestani Amirhossein , Ciari Francesco
Published: September 2023

Due to the potential of automated vehicles (AVs) to change the transportation system radically, it is essential to investigate the factors affecting users’ intention to use them. Although previous studies have mostly focused on the latent variables of the internal schema of beliefs, this paper aims to examine the impact of internal and external factors by integrating the variables of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology along with environmental concerns and perceived risk. Moreover, the effects of latent variables are also compared for different trip purposes (mandatory and optional), which have received less attention in previous studies. Using a stated-preference survey, 641 valid responses from citizens of Tehran, Iran have been collected. The estimation results of structural equation modelling show a significant difference between the determinants of AV acceptance across mandatory and optional trips. The estimated coefficients indicate that social influence and performance expectancy are the strongest explanatory factors in the intention to use AVs in optional and mandatory trips, respectively. However, no significant difference is observed for the impact of environmental concerns on the intention to use AVs across both trip types.
Modeling geogrid-stabilized aggregate base courses considering local stiffness enhancement
Authors: Byun Y.-H. , Qamhia I. I. A. , Kang M. , Tutumluer E. , Wayne M. H.
Published: September 2023

Lateral restraint is the primary stabilization mechanism associated with the interlocking of aggregate particles in the geogrid apertures. This paper presents findings from a laboratory study which quantifies the local stiffness enhancement of aggregates through micromechanical interlocking provided by two different types of geogrids. These findings are applied to model the resilient response characteristics of geogrid-stabilized base course composite systems. Using three pairs of bender elements as shear wave transducers, horizontal stiffness profiles were determined above mid-heights of aggregate specimens. For two types of geogrids with square- and triangular-shaped apertures, the shear modulus profiles decreased moving away from the geogrid location. Based on a relationship for aggregates, resilient modulus was estimated from the shear modulus. Considering the variations in resilient moduli with distance from the geogrid location, the local stiffness enhancements provided by the two geogrid types were assigned to modulus profiles of a geogrid-stabilized aggregate base course in flexible pavement mechanistic analysis and modeling. The modeling results demonstrate the effect of geogrid base stabilization on the computed pavement resilient responses for both geogrid types. The sublayering approach which properly considers modeling of the geogrid influence zone could be effectively used in mechanistic analysis of a geogrid-stabilized pavement system.
Teaching and Learning in the Metaverse World: The Future of New-Gen Education
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil-626126, Tamilnadu. India., Kabilan Shanmugampillai Jeyarajaguru
Published: September 2023

Abstract :The change in the education system to meet the needs of the students of every generation is inevitable. The education system is transforming towards technology catering to the requirements of Generation Y and Generation Alpha. The online teaching practice has many issues and concerns among students, like lack of interaction, inactiveness, incuriosity, and ineffectiveness. The innovation in technology by incorporating Virtual and Augmented Reality (VAR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), holograms, virtual laboratories, blockchain technology, and the Internet of Things (IoT) can make it more effective. The metaverse is a web of threedimensional virtual environments centered on socializing, which utilizes the above-said technologies. Metaverse delivers an immersive learning experience for the students and increases class involvement, making learning more exciting and active. Its expansion has been aided by superior information technology enterprises such as Meta Platforms, Epic Games and Microsoft. Metaverse has also raised concerns like privacy, security, societal and psychological issues among users. Furtherresearch into the application of metaverse application in education can shed more light on it as we need to prepare the educators and learners of the near future. Keywords : Metaverse, Generation Alpha, Virtual Augmented Reality, Online education, Roblox.
The impact of corporate governance on implicit taxes
Authors: Martinez Antonio Lopo , Silva Raimundo da , Sarlo Neto Alfredo
Published: September 2023

Implicit taxes reduce the pre-tax return rate due to investment tax preferences, contrasting with direct, explicit taxes paid to the government. This paper explores implicit taxes in Brazilian publicly traded firms within the differentiated Corporate Governance segments of [B]3 from 2011 to 2021. Using a focused methodology that tests two hypotheses, the study demonstrates that firms in these segments bear a higher implicit tax burden and have their explicit tax benefits supplanted by implicit ones. Results specifically reveal that companies in differentiated segments experience lower pre-tax investment returns than others, pointing to weakened tax management levels. This concise analysis underscores the complex relationship between implicit and explicit taxes and corporate governance practices, necessitating further research for comprehensive understanding.
THE USE OF INTERNALMULTIFUNCTIONAL COATINGS FOR PUMP AND COMPRESSOR PIPES TO PROTECT AGAINST THE FORMATION OF ASPHALT, RESIN AND PARAFFIN DEPOSITS
Authors: Bogatov M.V. , Yudin P.E. , Amosov A.P.
Published: September 2023

Along with the corrosive effect on downhole equipment, including pumping and compressor pipes (tubing), one of the main complicating factors in oil production is the formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPDs) on the inner surface of the tubing. As in the case of corrosion protection, among the various methods of preventing the formation of ARPDs, the use of appropriate protective coatings has the greatest potential and is a valuable method because of its simplicity, efficiency and durability. At the same time, the use of manufactured anticorrosive coatings, that is, in essence, multifunctional protective coatings, is especially attractive for protection against ARPDs. But for this it is necessary to know the ability of existing multifunctional coatings to prevent the formation of ARPDs, to be able to correctly determine this ability. This article presents the results of research on the influence of the properties of the internal multifunctional coatings of tubing on the formation of ARPDs from the oil environment. At the same time, both the previously obtained results on the influence of coating properties determined in static conditions of absence or stationary oil medium (roughness, adhesion of paraffin to dry coating, edge angles of wetting with distilled water in air and oil in an aqueous medium) and new results on the study of the effectiveness of the use of internal functional coatings to protect tubing from formation of ARPDs in dynamic conditions of a moving oil medium (influence of the temperature gradient, the flow rate and duration of the coating in the oil environment) using laboratory circulation stands developed with the participation of the authors of the article, which allow modeling the processes of ASF deposition on the inner surface of the tubing in conditions closest to borehole conditions, are considered. Three commercially available internal coatings on tubing for corrosion protection and ARPDs are considered: a silicate-enamel coating of the MK-5 brand and filled polymer coatings of the MPLAG 17 and GIOTEK 110 M brands based on epoxyphenolic polymers. It is shown that testing on the developed laboratory circulation stands allows the most reliable assessment of the ability of internal multifunctional coatings to protect tubing from the formation of ARPDs in borehole conditions.
MAKSİLLER TRANSVERS DARLIĞIN DÜZELTİMİNDE KULLANILAN LEAF EKSPANSİYON APAREYİNİN REAKTİF KUVVETLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: KARSLI Nurver , KOCAALİ Özgür
Published: September 2023

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı, in-vitro ortamdaki genişletme esnasında Leaf Ekspansiyon vidalarının oluşturduğu reaktif kuvvetleri belirlemektir.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmada 450 g-6 mm, 900 g-6mm, 450 g-9 mm ve 900 g-9 mm olmak üzere 4 çeşit Leaf Ekspansiyon vidası kullanılmıştır. Bu vidaların açılma (uzama)
miktarına bağlı olarak çeneye uyguladığı kuvvetler çalışmaya özgü olarak tasarlanarak üretilen küçük boyutlu bir kuvvet ölçüm cihazı ile ölçülmüştür. Her bir vidanın ürettiği
kuvvet açılma mesafesine bağlı olarak belirlenmiştir. Mikrometre her adımda 0.01 mm hareket ettirilerek apareyin yük hücresinde oluşturduğu kuvvet bir yük hücresi
yardımıyla ölçülmüştür. Bu kuvvetler bir yazılım programında kayıt altına alınmış ve kuvvetin açılma miktarına bağlı değişimini veren grafikler oluşturulmuştur.
BULGULAR: 450 g-6 mm, 900 g-6 mm, 450 g-9 mm ve 900 g-9 mm Leaf Ekspansiyon apareylerinin oluşturduğu kuvvetler sırasıyla 422.7 ± 94.1 g, 778.5 ± 142.2 g, 421.1 ± 53.8 g
ve 851.4 ± 146.8 g olarak ölçülmüştür.
SONUÇ: Test edilen tüm Leaf Ekspansiyon vidalarında ölçülen kuvvetler, firmanın belirtiği nominal kuvvet değerlerine yakın ve kabul edilebilir sınırlar içeresinde bulunmuştur.
Borrelia burgdorferi ospCGenotyping Using Luminex Technology v2
Authors: Pearson Patrick
Published: September 2023

Borrelia burgdorferi is an important tickborne human pathogen and can be grouped into separate strains based on the outer surface protein C (ospC) gene. The detection and characterization of different ospC genotypes is vital for research on B. burgdorferi and the risk it poses to humans. Here we present a novel, multiplex assay based on Luminex xMAP technology for the detection of B. burgdorferi ospC genotypes. The assay has 5 major steps: amplification of the ospC gene, enzymatic purification, incorporation of biotinylated nucleotides into the template DNA, hybridization to Luminex microspheres, and detection of fluorescent signals corresponding to each ospC genotype. This protocol can be used for the characterization of ospC genotypes in B. burgdorferi infected ticks, reservoir hosts, and/or clinical samples. (The last step in this version contains a supplemental video with extra context and tips, as part of the protocols.io Spotlight series, featuring conversations with protocol authors.)
Multi-Peer Feedback as a Means for Enhancing Students’ Writing Skills
Authors: Osmani Osman
Published: September 2023

Teachers' role in helping students develop their writing is significant. However, as teachers regularly exercise too much control in the classroom in many schools and universities, there are frequently instances where teachers' instructions do not have a significant impact on each student, and, as a result, the desired results cannot be accomplished. The current study aims to find out whether peers can help each other develop this crucial skill through feedback, i.e., multi-peer feedback, in a more effective way. This empirical study was conducted with the second-year BA students of the English Department at AAB College in Kosovo. It lasted three months in 2022 and had 23 students. In addition, we aimed to find students’ attitudes towards multi-peer feedback using a questionnaire. After collecting the data, it was found that multi-peer feedback contributed highly to the writing process, helped students produce better essays, and made them eager to discuss each other’s essays once they got used to providing and getting feedback. Moreover, this very effective practice has been warmly embraced due to the following: first, it helped students get accustomed to receiving feedback from their peers by providing good examples in class; second, students learned how to be effective critical readers when reading and providing feedback on their peers’ essays; and third, students realized how important it is to understand the structure of a well-written composition before trying to build one of their own.
The Usefulness of Uselessness: Short Stories by José Eduardo Agualusa
Authors: Wu Hui , Xavier Lola Geraldes
Published: September 2023

Estranhões & Bizarrocos: Stories for angels to sleep is a children’s and young adult book authored in Portuguese by Angolan writer José Eduardo Agualusa. This paper posits that the book’s constituent short stories, initially intended for children, bear potential appeal to readers across all age brackets, situating themselves within the realm of ‘crossover fiction’. The book’s title resonates with the semantic sphere of the strange or peculiar. Within the narratives, ‘the stranger’ correlates with the child's fantastical world, but also aligns with the ‘foreigner’ inherent within these short stories. To unpack the representations of this ‘bizarre’ Other depicted in the stories, we employ literary imagology. This approach reveals the role of images curated by the narrators in constructing the implicit theme shared across the book’s 10 short stories. Lastly, the work provokes readers to ponder the value of seemingly usefulness things and situations—a reflection that carries its own meta-literary significance.
Occurrence Frequency of Rhetorical Moves in Introductions of Linguistics Research Articles From Non-Scopus and Scopus Journals
Authors: Geng Hui , Lee Geok Imm , Jalaluddin Ilyana , Tan Helen
Published: September 2023

Serving as a fundamental opening section, the research article introduction (RAI) provides an entrance to a certain topic in the exploration of the unknown content of the research. It is a manifestation of rhetorical maneuver and establishes the context, identifies the challenges, and outlines the rationale for the study. Therefore, it is vital to make a well-crafted RAI to catch readers’ attention. However, the disparities in rhetorical moves employed in English linguistics RAIs between non-Scopus-indexed and Scopus-indexed journals have received less scrutiny. The present study aims to investigate the rhetorical move structures in both types of corpora. The non-Scopus and Scopus corpus each contained 50 RAIs. Based on the adapted Swales’ (1990) Create-A-Research-Space (CARS) model, the occurrence frequency of moves and steps was first analyzed, and the relationship between the frequency of moves and steps and the indexing of journals was then explored. The findings showed that the most frequent move in both corpora was Move 1, followed by Move 3 and Move 2. However, the higher number of overall moves in the non-Scopus corpus suggested that there was an overuse of moves by the less experienced writers, and through Chi-square, Move 3 Step 1B (announcing present research) was detected to have a significant relationship with the indexing of journals. The findings of this study pave the way for writers to construct well-organized RAIs and get their papers published in the field of linguistics.
Implementation of New English Language Policy in Saudi Context: Perceptions, Challenges, and Remedies
Authors: Jabeen Ismat
Published: September 2023

With the advent of Saudi Vision 2030 implementation, the internationalization of the Saudi education system has invigorated significant alterations in teaching and learning practices specifically concerning English language teaching. Since the beginning of 2021, under the new language policy, English has been taught from Grade 1. The aim is to meet the persisting global educational, job, business, and linkage challenges by educating and training the youth in English as the focal tool for future advancement. However, the realization of these objectives depends on various sociocultural factors. The perceptions of the important stakeholders such as teachers, the suitability of the EFL curriculum, and the professional training of EFL teachers can perform a pivotal role in achieving or undermining these goals. Also, teaching practices in real contexts can pose multiple unforeseen challenges and hurdles. This research intended to explore the perceptions of EFL teachers in introducing English as early as grade 1, their practices, and the practical challenges this new policy poses in its effective implementation. To achieve the said objectives, a tailored-made questionnaire comprising quantitative and qualitative items was administered.  The detailed analysis highlighted many aspects of concern such as the lack of professional training for EFL teachers, unsuitable and incompatible curriculum, neglection of communicative skills, etc.
Uncovering the Edge of Ambivertedness in Acquiring the English Language
Authors: Le Thao T. , Pham Thuy T. , Phuong Yen H. , Thieu Hai-Yen T. , Nguyen Thi A. , Nguyen Tra H. , Huynh Anh-Thu T.
Published: September 2023

The current study endeavors to investigate the preferred English language learning strategies among individuals who self-identify as ambiverts. A mixed-methods research design, comprising a survey questionnaire and follow-up interviews, was implemented to gather data from a sample population of 68 English-major students, of which 22 self-identified as ambiverts. The study aimed to elucidate the influence of the balance between introversion and extroversion on ambiverts’ favored learning strategies and to examine the benefits this balance provides in terms of selecting strategies that are best adapted to their unique needs and preferences. The results demonstrate that ambiverts favored affective learning strategies, such as musical accompaniment and positive self-talk, as well as compensatory strategies, such as deductive reasoning and seeking assistance. Furthermore, ambiverts displayed a proclivity for metacognitive strategies, including the recognition of faults and focusing on specific tasks, and memory-related strategies, including the utilization of color-coding and the integration of images and keywords. The study also revealed that social strategies, such as collaboration with others and seeking clarification, were favored by ambiverts, emphasizing the significance of interaction and engagement in the learning process. These findings have important implications for language educators and may inform the development of more inclusive learning materials that cater to a broad range of learning styles, including ambiverts, and enhance the effectiveness of language instruction.
Investigating EFL Students' Writing Skills Through Artificial Intelligence: Wordtune Application as a Tool
Authors: Mahmud Fawaz Al
Published: September 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) powered writing technologies such as Wordtune and Grammarly are increasingly penetrating the L2 writing domain. Despite the growing significance of such digital tools, few studies have explored how AI-driven applications impact Saudi English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing. The current study aimed to fill this gap by investigating whether and to what extent Wordtune facilitates Saudi students' writing. The participants were divided into two male and two female groups using a mixed-method design. For both male and female samples, one group was identified as the control group, whereas the other one was identified as the experimental group. Quantitative data were collected using pretests and post-tests and analyzed using SPSS. Qualitative data were derived from students' writing samples and assessed by two human raters. The results showed that using Wordtune, students in the experimental group surpassed those in the control group. Quantitative findings demonstrated that using Wordtune, the experimental group upgraded their writing and outperformed the control group in the final writing exam. Qualitative findings indicate that using Wordtune, the experimental group made modest writing gains at the lexical and syntactic levels. While lexical gains included more concrete nouns, vivid adjectives, and precise verbs, sentence-structure gains included the increasing presence of complex phrases and complex and compound sentences. Finally, the impact of Wordtune on writing quality was the same for both male and female participants.
Pain, Agony, and Trauma in the Characters of ‘Toba Tek Singh’ and ‘This Blinding Absence of Light’
Authors: Wahab Mohammad Osman Abdul , Koka Nisar Ahmad , Islam Mohammad Nurul , Anwar Syed Mohammad Khurshid , Ahmad Javed , Khan Mohsin Raza , Zulfiquar Fozia
Published: September 2023

‘Toba Tek Singh’ is an Urdu Short story written by Saadat Hassan Manto and ‘This Blinding Absence of Light’ is a French Novel Written by Taher Ben Jelloun. ‘Toba Tek Singh’ was perhaps written in 1954 and published in 1955 whereas ‘This Blinding Absence of Light’ was written in 2001. There is more than four decades span between both works of literature. ‘Toba Tek Singh’ is pure fiction but ‘This Blinding Absence of Light’ is although a novel but based on a true story or narration of a prisoner who spent eighteen years of his life in one of the worst prisons of the documented history. ‘Toba Tek Singh’ is written in the third person whereas ‘This Blinding Absence of Light’ is narrated in the first person. This research will be referring here to a 2002 translation of ‘This Blinding Absence of Light’ by Linda Coverdale in English. ‘Toba Tek Singh’ is a fictitious character who is a patient in a lunatic asylum. Before suffering from the mental illness ‘Toba Tek Singh’ was a landlord and during the partition of India, his village and his lands go to a Muslim majority country i.e., Pakistan. This research intends to study the effects of the pain, agony, and trauma on the psyche of the characters here.
A Study on the Application of Online Speaking Class in Remote Areas: Is the Implementation of the Principle of Education for All Achieved?
Authors: Manurung Konder , Kamaruddin Abdul , Agussatriana  , Hasyim Zarkiani , Manurung Grace Novenasari
Published: September 2023

Studies on blended and online learning have mostly focused on information and communication technology accessibility. This study investigated aspects other than ICT when students joined the Speaking Class blended and online from remote areas during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This study employed a mixed-method case study. The purposive sampling technique was used to choose two groups of students who enrolled in Speaking Classes at the English Department in the 2020/2021 academic year as the study's sample. The first group (Group A), which included eighteen (18) students, attended fourteen online speaking lectures, whereas the second group (Group B), which included twenty-two (22) students, attended blended learning lectures. The student's achievements in speaking abilities were described. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and interviews were used to obtain information about students' problems, and the data were analysed using content analysis. The data analysis revealed that Group B students performed better than Group A students in terms of learning outcomes. The findings of the data analysis from the interviews and focus groups reveal that some problems were encountered, including; 1) interference from family members; 2) absence of a study room; 3) financial difficulty; 4) absence of peers; 5) difficulty to get local transportation; and 6) problem to concentrate. These findings suggest that the applied online learning system has not been able to meet the principles of education for all during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Solutions to the application of online learning in remote areas, highlighting the roles of the local government, are forwarded.
The Thirdspace of Resistance Literature in Naomi Shihab Nye’s “1935” and Hala Alyan’s “Hijra”
Authors: Qaisi Zainab Al , Khadra Wafa Awni Al
Published: September 2023

This paper examines the poetry of the two Palestinian American poets, Naomi Shihab Nye and Hala Alyan within the concept of the “thirdspace” of resistance literature. With this premise in mind, the study uses Edward Soja’s concept of “thirdspace” (1998) to examine the poetry of Naomi Shihab Nye and Hala Alyan as an articulation of “resistance poetry” exemplified in Ghassan Kanafani’s book entitled Resistance Literature in Occupied Palestine 1948-1966 (1966). The poem itself, as a form, is an imagined geography constructed by the poet’s personal and collective memories that build up his/her spaces of resistance poetry. In these artistic cartographies, memories traverse from contested lands and geographies to a “thirdspace” that recreates a timeline of stories and narratives that unfold the poems’ resistance manifesto. To foreshadow these imagined memories, the poem functions as: first, a documented tool of resistance to forgetfulness; second, an artistic device for articulating memory; third, a “thirdspace” where contested geographies of resistance and resilience dissolve to re-visioning history that curates hybridized literary spaces of prose poetry and cartographies of memory.
A Critique of Etaf Rum's A Woman Is No Man
Authors: Al-Khateeb Andaleen H. , Al-Shetawi Mahmoud F.
Published: September 2023

Literature of diaspora has lately been widely acknowledged since the disporic generation embraces Homi Baba's belief that "nations are narrations". For them, displacement combines the notions of de- and re-inhabitation that are often regarded as related yet distinguishable processes of memory and identity formation. Not surprisingly, the displacement experience has given rise to their consciousness of the importance of constructing a counter-narrative. Most of the displaced resort to writing about their experience of migration or about the hardships they face in their new destination, especially in challenging the stereotypical image that has been "consciously" formed in the West. Arab- American diasporic women, in particular, have given rise to their voices in an attempt to overdue the injustice caused by the Western gaze to their cases. Literature has been their arena to call for presenting themselves and their own narratives to overdue the injustice caused by both the patriarchal and the Western discourse. Etaf Rum, an Arab- American writer, wrote a novel in 2019 depicting the lives of three generations of a daisporic family. She zoomed in the lives of the female characters while she was representing her own experience. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Etaf Rum, in her 2019 – novel A Woman is No Man, corrected or reinforced the stereotypical image of Arab women constructed in the Western minds.
Black vs. White: Referring to Black Friday in Jordan
Authors: Ain Noora Q. Abu , Darwish Ibrahim M.
Published: September 2023

This study investigates how retailers in Jordan refer to Black Friday when they advertise their discounted products during the end-of-year sales. Black Friday is a culturally loaded term as it is the day following Thanksgiving, and it is semantically loaded with negative connotations historically rooted in superstition. The data were collected from various retailer stores in Jordan which started advertising discounted products around the last week of November of 2022. The sample was randomly collected and consisted of 115 advertisements. Further, semi-structured interviews provided complementary qualitative data. The sample was linguistically scrutinised seeking various terms used to refer to Black Friday. The main focus was on whether or not retailers in Jordan kept the phrase ‘Black Friday’ or changed it to suit the target Muslim Arab locale. The terms were classified into various categories and analysed linguistically trying to find the different factors playing roles in choosing alternative names for Black Friday. The results show that 58% of the sample retailer stores used alternative names for ‘Black Friday’ in order to appeal to the local target potential buyers whose culture neither celebrate Thanksgiving nor consider Fridays to be black or unlucky. In other words, most retailers in Jordan replaced ‘Black Friday’, which is historically loaded with negative connotations, with more positive terms, such as ‘White Friday’, ‘Blessed Friday’ and ‘Smart Friday’. The results also show that English was the dominant language in the sample advertisements as 45% appeared in English only, 25% in Arabic only and 45% in both.
PROPUESTA DE UN LECTOR Y UNA LECTURA MODELOS PARA EL LIBRO DE RELATOS DE LEÓN DE GREIFF
Authors: Lopera Maya Gabriel Jaime , López Cardona Rubelio Alberto
Published: September 2023

A partir de la teoría del efecto estético, especialmente, de los aportes propuestos por Umberto Eco en su libro Lector in fabula (1981), se realiza el análisis del poemario Libro de relatos (1975) de León de Greiff. Usando los niveles de cooperación entre el lector y el texto y las estructuras discursivas que encierra la obra, se puede construir una interpretación erótica que vincule las capacidades y posibilidades interpretativas del lector con la estructura del texto. Todo esto con el objetivo de proponer un lector y una lectura modelos de entre las posibilidades interpretativas que ofrece dicho poemario.
ANÁLISIS REFERENCIAL DE ALGUNAS FRASES VERBALES SOBRE MORIR DEL ESPAÑOL MEXICANO EN LOS CORPUS CORDE Y CREA
Authors: Pérez Durán Marco Antonio
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en corroborar el significado sobre morir en los corpus corde y crea de un grupo de frases idiomáticas que proporcionaron estudiantes de nivel medio superior y superior de dos variantes dialectales en México. Una vez analizado lo anterior, se clasifica el corpus en frases claras o transparentes, frases metafóricas y frases opacas.
POLÍTICAS LINGÜÍSTICAS EN EL CARIBE. REFLEXIONES EN TORNO A LA REGULACIÓN ENTRE LOS CRIOLLOS INGLESES Y LAS LENGUAS EUROPEAS
Authors: García León David Leonardo
Published: September 2023

En este artículo se realiza una descripción general de las políticas lingüísticas para el Caribe, con especial énfasis en las lenguas criollas de base léxica inglesa habladas en esta región. Para empezar, se presentan algunos elementos teóricos sobre las políticas lingüísticas; luego de esto, se caracterizan una propuesta de política lingüística para el Caribe en general y dos políticas lingüísticas para regular la situación de las lenguas en el sistema educativo jamaiquino y trinibaguense. Posterior a la caracterización, se establece una serie de reflexiones sobre dichas políticas y se finaliza con una serie de conclusiones.
PROBLEMAS DE LINEARIZACIÓN: PREFIJOS DE RESULTADO EN ESPAÑOL
Authors: Fábregas Antonio
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo estudia dos prefijos de resultado del español, entre- y medio-, y discute la estructura que subyace a sus distintas interpretaciones semánticas. Asimismo, plantea el problema de cómo dar cuenta de su linearización sin recurrir a idiosincrasias léxicas.
«FÁBULAS TRÁGICAS» QUE CORROMPEN LA SOCIEDAD. CONDENA MORAL DE LA LITERATURA POPULAR EN LA PRENSA ARGENTINA A PRINCIPIOS DEL SIGLO XX
Authors: Risco Ana María
Published: September 2023

A comienzos del siglo XX, en la Argentina, la atención particular de la prensa a los folletines produce un discurso de rechazo a una «retórica popular» por lectores asociados a una intelectualidad ilustrada, comprometida en la construcción de un sentimiento universalista moralizante a través de la alta cultura. Este es el caso concreto del artículo Las fábulas trágicas, de Federico Quevedo Hijosa, publicado por el vespertino tucumano El Orden (01/03/1912). En el presente trabajo, analizamos su argumentación a fin de develar los presupuestos que intentan despojar la literatura de los elementos populares considerados «inmorales».
Eco (1960-1984) y las dinámicas del campo literario colombiano del mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Marín Colorado Paula Andrea
Published: September 2023

La revista Eco (1960-1984) fue una de las revistas culturales de más larga trayectoria e influencia en la vida literaria de la segunda mitad del siglo XX en Colombia. Esta publicación permite entender algunas de las dinámicas del campo literario de la época en relación con la jerarquía de los géneros literarios y con el papel del crítico literario como agente legitimador de diversas funciones, normas y valores estéticos que influyen en la configuración del horizonte de expectativas del público lector y en la consagración de ciertos escritores y obras literarias.
Literatura infanto-juvenil e homoafetividade em É proibido miar de Pedro Bandeira
Authors: Cruz Vanessa Rita de Jesus , Pereira Camargo Flávio
Published: September 2023

Esta pesquisa insere-se no campo dos estudos literários, em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar com os estudos de gênero e diversidade sexual. O objetivo geral é fazer uma análise das distintas representações da diversidade de gênero e sexual na literatura infanto-juvenil, de modo a evidenciar como essa diferença é representada na tessitura do texto literário. Além disso, procuramos explicitar como a leitura literária de obras que abordem essa temática pode contribuir para a formação de leitores na contemporaneidade. Trata-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico e teórico, por meio da qual empreendemos um exercício de hermenêutica em relação ao nosso corpus selecionado, constituído pela seguinte narrativa: É proibido miar de Pedro Bandeira.
Características antropométricas de adultos mayores participantes en competencias deportivas
Authors: Moreno Bolívar Hilario , Ramos Bermúdez Santiago
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: determinar el perfil antropométrico que presentaron los participantes en las competencias deportivas de la Olimpiada Nacional 2009 del adulto mayor, en aspectos como talla, peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC), masa grasa, perímetro de cintura y de cadera. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, muestra probabilística, representativa y aleatoria conformada por 217 sujetos entre 60 y 85 años de edad, procedentes de 13 regiones de Colombia; el estudio se realizó en Palestina, Caldas, en agosto de 2009. Se evaluó masa corporal, pliegues grasos, perímetro de cintura y se calculó la estatura con la altura de la rodilla, IMC y grasa corporal. Resultados: 45,6% de la población evaluada tenía sobrepeso y 17,2% obesidad a partir del IMC; el porcentaje de grasa en promedio en hombres fue del 19,4± 5,0% y en mujeres de 27,7± 9,1%; el riesgo cardiovascular a partir del perímetro de cintura fue de 70,7% en hombres y 82,4% en mujeres. Conclusiones: pese a que los evaluados participan en programas de ejercicio físico, la proporción de personas con riesgo metabólico, sobrepeso y obesidad fue alta, en algunos casos, superiores a los resultados de la última Encuesta Nacional de Colombia, para personas entre los 50 y 64 años.
Evaluación sensorial de arroz (Oryza sativa) variedad Azucena en la Región Autónoma del Atlántico Norte en Nicaragua
Authors: García Montecinos Karina Leticia , Godoy Godoy José Alberto , Carrillo Centeno Patricia Mercedes , Pachón Helena
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: evaluar las características sensoriales de la variedad tradicional de arroz (Oryza sativa) Azucena, que por su mayor contenido de hierro y zinc podría beneficiar nutricionalmente a poblaciones vulnerables. Materiales y métodos: la evaluación sensorial del arroz Azucena versus una variedad de consumo local, se realizó en cinco comunidades de la Región Autónoma del Atlántico Norte en Nicaragua, mediante la aplicación de dos pruebas a 203 consumidores: aceptabilidad y preferencia. Resultados: con respecto a la aceptabilidad (en una escala de uno a cuatro), Azucena alcanzó un promedio ± DE de 3,1±0,7 para textura, 3,1±0,8 para olor, 3,0±0,9 para sabor y 3,0±0,8 para color. Usando un análisis no paramétrico, se determinó que la aceptabilidad fue mayor (p<0,05) para el testigo en todas las cualidades evaluadas: 3,2±0,8 en textura, 3,2±0,7 en olor, 3,2±0,7 en sabor y 3,3±0,7 en color. La preferencia no fue estadísticamente mayor (56,4%) para el testigo (p=0,23). Conclusiones: el arroz variedad Azucena, por sus características endógenas y desde el punto de vista sensorial, no tiene una gran aceptación en la población de estudio. Por lo tanto, en caso de lanzarse al comercio se recomiendan campañas estratégicas para promocionar su consumo.
Implicaciones de la globalización y del Tratado de Libre Comercio en el sector agroalimentario y en la soberanía alimentaria colombiana
Authors: Arboleda Montoya Luz Marina , Gaviria Gómez Berta Lucía
Published: September 2023

En este documento se analiza el proceso de negociación que se ha venido dando entre Colombia y Estados Unidos para firmar el Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC). Se inicia con un breve recuento de lo que ha representado la globalización para Colombia y las diferentes visiones y abordajes. Continúa explicando los tratados de libre comercio para centrarse en la negociación entre Colombia y Estados Unidos, las oportunidades yamenazas que esta genera y las controversias que ha suscitado; finaliza con un análisis sobre las posibles implicaciones que traería el Tratado de Libre Comercio para la soberanía alimentaria de Colombia.
Antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts from leaves and fruits juice Passiflora edulis
Authors: Aguillón Osma Johanny , Maldonado María Elena , Loango Chamorro Nelsy , Arango Varela Sandra Sulay , Landázuri Patricia
Published: September 2023

Antecedentes: extractos de varios árboles frutales se han utilizado en diferentes aplicaciones terapéuticas para prevenir el estrés oxidativo asociado a enfermedades crónicas. Objetivo: investigar la actividad antioxidante y antiproliferativa de extractos etanólico y acuosos de las hojas y del fruto de

Passiflora edulis. Materiales y métodos: se realizó marcha fitoquímica preliminar, la actividad antioxidante se evaluó por DPPH, actividad de remoción de radicales hidroxilo, actividad antihemolítica y contenido fenólico total. En células de adenocarcinoma de colon SW480 y sus derivadas metastásicas SW620 se evaluó la actividad citotóxica y antiproliferativa por el método de MTT y sulforodamina B respectivamente. Resultados: el análisis fitoquímico reveló la presencia de taninos, flavonoides y glicósidos cardiotónicos. El extracto etanólico de las hojas mostró la mayor actividad antioxidante (EC50= 0,096mg/ml)por DPPH y el jugo (EC50= 0,022 mg/ml) para remover el radical hidroxilo. Todos los extractos inhibieron más del 98% la hemólisis inducida por H2O2. El extracto acuoso de las hojas mostró la mayor actividad citotóxica yantiproliferativa contra células SW480 y SW620. Conclusiones: los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren que P. edulis es una fuente potencial de compuestos fitoquímicos con propiedades antioxidante y antiproliferativa.
El papel del hierro “libre” y el estrés oxidativo en la etiología del edema de los niños con Kwashiorkor
Authors: Parra Sosa Beatriz Elena , Velásquez Rodríguez Claudia María , Agudelo Ochoa Gloria María , Cardona Henao Olga Lucía , Bernal Parra Carlos Alberto , Burgos Herrera Luis , Morales Mira Gladis , Betancur Acosta Mireya
Published: September 2023

El Kwashiorkor es una forma grave de malnutrición proteico energética que se diferencia del marasmo, principalmente, por la presencia de edema. Las teorías iniciales que explican esta alteración, sostienen que el bajo consumo de proteína dietaria ocasiona el descenso de la albúmina plasmática y por consiguiente la disminución de la presión oncótica, provocando la salida de agua al espacio intersticial. Estudios comparativos realizados a partir de 1980, no encontraron diferencias significativas en el contenido de proteínas de las dietas ingeridas por niños con marasmo y kwashiorkor y demostraron que el consumo de cantidades mínimas de este nutriente, no siempre desencadena el edema. Al mismo tiempo, varios investigadores hallaron algunas alteraciones bioquímicas en los niños con kwashiorkor pero no en los niños con marasmo, como mayor producción de especies reactivas del oxígeno, menor defensa antioxidante, altas concentraciones de ferritina y disminución de transferrina séricas y hierro "libre" en plasma. Lo anterior sugiere que la deficiencia de proteínas, no es el único factor determinante del curso de la desnutrición aguda grave hacia kwashiorkor y que el exceso de agua corporal también puede ser consecuencia del daño oxidativo a biomoléculas orgánicas, ocasionado por la infección y por la presencia de hierro "libre".
Crisis alimentaria y violencia en Acandí - Darién Caribe colombiano
Authors: Marín Germán Ariel , Álvarez Uribe Marta Cecilia , Rosique Gracia Javier
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Describir el origen de la crisis alimentaria sufrida entre 1998 al 2002 por los pobladores del municipio de Acandí - Chocó y sus repercusiones en la seguridad alimentaria. Metodología: Estudio de tipo etnográfico. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó la entrevista a profundidad a informantes claves, la observación participante, el diario de campo y la conversación informal con los pobladores. Resultados: Se pudo constatar que cuando los pobladores de Acandí se enfrentaron al desabastecimiento temporal de alimentos por condiciones ambientales y por uso inadecuado de los recursos naturales, tuvieron cierta capacidad de desarrollar estrategias para sortear la situación. En cambio para enfrentar el desabastecimiento por la violencia, no encontraron estrategias para impedir la crisis alimentaria. La situación de violencia en el municipio de Acandí, provocó crisis económica y alimentaria, la cual no alcanzó las dimensiones de hambruna, pero si se constituyó en una problemática alimentaria, social y económica. Durante el tiempo que duró tal crisis, la población tuvo que hacer frente a dichas problemáticas con escaso apoyo estatal y desarrolló algunas estrategias para sobrevivir y reducir la incertidumbre alimentaria. Conclusiones: La población de Acandí desarrolló estrategias adaptativas a las problemáticas propias de sus dinámicas socioeconómicas, culturales y ambientales, en cambio para enfrentar los conflictos armados quedaron inermes, situación que se prolongó en el periodo de agudización del conflicto.