bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applications of bark for bio-based adhesives and foams
Authors: Kuo Pei-Yu , Yan Ning , Tratnik Nicole , Luo Jing
Published: June 2018

With the increased concern for climate change and depletion of fossil fuel resources, there is a growing trend to research and develop technologies that can use renewable biomass as the raw material for synthesizing chemical products. Bark, a largely available forestry biomass residue with attractive chemical compositions, is considered as a promising feedstock. This article summarizes our recent research and development work in deriving bark-derived adhesives and foams and various bark conversion technologies explored. Advantages and disadvantages associated with the conversion technologies and bark-based chemical products are discussed. Some future studies that can further promote commercial applications of these novel bio-based products are presented. These novel bark-derived products have potential to generate higher value return using the low-valued forestry residue materials while increasing the renewable content in the final chemical products for a higher sustainability.
Noncommutativity and Relativity
Authors: Das Abhishek , Sidharth B.G.
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we endeavour to show that from the noncommutative nature of spacetime one can deduce the concept of relativity, in the sense that velocity cannot be infinite as in the case of Galilean relativity.
Die marktliberale Wende in 70 Jahren Medienberichterstattung: Welche Deutungsmuster den medialen Diskurs um soziale Gerechtigkeit bestimmen
Authors: Vietze Florian
Published: June 2018

Öffentliche Diskurse können Sozialreformen beeinflussen. Im Anschluss an das Konzeptsozialer Deutungsmusterargumentiert der vorliegende Beitrag, dass die Umsetzung von Sozialreformen wahrscheinlicher ist, wenn sie mit Deutungen im Einklang stehen, die im öffentlichen Diskurs einehegemonialeStellung einnehmen. Der Beitrag basiert auf einerqualitativenInhaltsanalyse von 3025 Artikeln zum Thema soziale Gerechtigkeit, die seit 1946 inZeit,SpiegelundFrankfurter Allgemeiner Zeitung (FAZ)erschienen sind. Eine anschließendequantitativeAnalyse der codierten Textstellen zeigt, welche Deutungen im Diskurs zu einer bestimmten Zeit besonders präsent sind. Der Beitrag rekonstruiert vier Deutungsmuster (Individualismus, Egalitarismus, Askriptivismus und Chancengleichheit) und unterscheidet fünf historische Phasen, die jeweils entweder von egalitaristischen oder individualistischen Deutungen dominiert werden, und seit 2014 eine sechste Phase, in der Deutungen überwiegen, die sich am Prinzip der Chancengleichheit orientieren. Insgesamt zeigen die Ergebnisse einen starken öffentlichen Rückhalt für Umverteilung und Wohlfahrtsstaat.
Bam Archaeological Mission: a new archaeological research programme in Kerman Province, Iran
Authors: Mutin Benjamin , Garazhian Omran
Published: June 2018

The Bam Archaeological Mission aims to investigate ancient settlement in the Bam-Narmashir region of Iran. Preliminary survey has identified over 200 new archaeological sites, with renewed excavation at the key site of Tell-e Atashi revealing structural evidence of Neolithic occupation.
Cave sanctuaries in the Bronze Age Cyclades? New evidence from the island of Paros, Greece
Authors: Mavridis Fanis
Published: June 2018

Recent research at two cave sites on the island of Paros have yielded some of the first evidence for the ritual use of caves in the Cyclades during the second millennium BC.
Does Intra-abdominal Pressure Have a Causal Effect on Muscle Strength of Hip and Knee Joints?
Authors: Tayashiki Kota , Kanehisa Hiroaki , Miyamoto Naokazu
Published: June 2018

Tayashiki, K, Kanehisa, H, and Miyamoto, N. Does intra-abdominal pressure have a causal effect on muscle strength of hip and knee joints? J Strength Cond Res 35(1): 41–46, 2021—It remains unclear whether intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) has a causal effect on lower-limb muscle strength. This study aimed to clarify whether or not changes in IAP, induced by changing breathing state, influence muscle strength of hip and knee extensor and flexor. Eighteen healthy males (age: 22.0 ± 2.2 years, height: 1.71 ± 0.03 m, and body mass: 68.1 ± 6.1 kg) performed maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) of hip and knee extensor and flexor during breath-hold at full inspiration (inspiratory condition) or expiration (expiratory condition), or during normal breath-hold (normal condition). Intra-abdominal pressure was obtained by a pressure transducer placed in the rectum and determined at the time at which the developed torque reached to the maximum. The IAP during each MVIC was significantly greater in inspiratory condition than in expiratory condition (p < 0.05). The maximal torque of hip extensor was significantly greater in inspiratory condition than in expiratory condition (p < 0.05). By contrast, the maximal torque of each of hip flexor, knee extensor, and knee flexor was not different among the 3 breath-hold conditions. The IAP was significantly correlated with the maximal torque of hip extensor in each breath-hold condition. The current results suggest that a sufficient increase in IAP has a causal effect to specifically improve muscle strength of hip extensor.
Shorter Ground Contact Time and Better Running Economy: Evidence From Female Kenyan Runners
Authors: Mooses Martin , Haile Diresibachew W. , Ojiambo Robert , Sang Meshack , Mooses Kerli , Lane Amy R. , Hackney Anthony C.
Published: June 2018

Mooses, M, Haile, DW, Ojiambo, R, Sang, M, Mooses, K, Lane, AR, and Hackney, AC. Shorter ground contact time and better running economy: evidence from female Kenyan runners. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 481–486, 2021—Previously, it has been concluded that the improvement in running economy (RE) might be considered as a key to the continued improvement in performance when no further increase in V̇o
2max is observed. To date, RE has been extensively studied among male East African distance runners. By contrast, there is a paucity of data on the RE of female East African runners. A total of 10 female Kenyan runners performed 3 × 1,600-m steady-state run trials on a flat outdoor clay track (400-m lap) at the intensities that corresponded to their everyday training intensities for easy, moderate, and fast running. Running economy together with gait characteristics was determined. Subjects showed moderate to very good RE at the first (202 ± 26 ml·kg−1·km−1) and second (188 ± 12 ml·kg−1·km−1) run trials, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed significant relationship between ground contact time (GCT) and RE at the second run (r = 0.782; p = 0.022), which represented the intensity of anaerobic threshold. This study is the first to report the RE and gait characteristics of East African female athletes measured under everyday training settings. We provided the evidence that GCT is associated with the superior RE of the female Kenyan runners.
U.S. Army Physical Demands Study: Differences in Physical Fitness and Occupational Task Performance Between Trainees and Active Duty Soldiers
Authors: Canino Maria C. , Foulis Stephen A. , Zambraski Edward J. , Cohen Bruce S. , Redmond Jan E. , Hauret Keith G. , Frykman Peter N. , Sharp Marilyn A.
Published: June 2018

Canino, MC, Foulis, SA, Zambraski, EJ, Cohen, BS, Redmond, JE, Hauret, KG, Frykman, PN, and Sharp, MA. U.S. Army Physical Demands Study: Differences in physical fitness and occupational task performance between trainees and active duty soldiers. J Strength Cond Res 33(7): 1864–1870, 2019—U.S. Army initial entry training (IET) is designed to prepare trainees for the military environment and subsequent training, including specific programs to increase physical fitness to perform job-specific tasks to the minimal acceptable performance standard (MAPS). The aim of this study was to compare physical fitness and occupational task performance of trainees at the end of IET to that of active duty soldiers. One hundred seventy-nine male combat arms trainees at the end of IET and 337 male combat arms active duty soldiers performed a sandbag carry (SBC), casualty drag (CD), and move under direct fire (MUF). Physical fitness was assessed using Army Physical Fitness Test scores. A questionnaire was administered to determine frequency of task performance. Active duty soldiers compared with trainees were older (p < 0.01) and performed more push-ups (p < 0.01) and sit-ups (p < 0.01). Trainees performed the 2-mile run faster (p < 0.01). Ninety-four percent of trainees and 99% of active duty soldiers performed the 3 tasks to the MAPSs. Active duty soldiers performed significantly faster on both the SBC (p < 0.01) and CD (p < 0.01) and reported a higher task frequency on the SBC (p = 0.03) and CD (p < 0.01). No difference in MUF performance (p = 0.16) and task frequency (p = 0.13) was detected. Initial entry training seems to provide sufficient physical training as most trainees were able to meet the MAPSs; however, performance differences were still apparent between trainees and active duty soldiers. Additional practice performing the physically demanding tasks may help maximize performance on the physically demanding job requirements.
Testing Method for Determination of Microscopic Fracture Toughness for Rock Materials
Authors: Kataoka Minami , Jeong Sang-Sun , Obara Yuzo , Yoshinaga Toru , Mine Yoji , Takashima Kazuki
Published: June 2018

The fracture behavior of rocks is known to depend on the microstructures of the rocks: the distribution and orientation of the microcracks, and the type, size, and shape of mineral grains. To explain quantitatively the effect of the microstructures on the fracture of rocks, the determination of the fracture toughness of grain and grain boundaries, namely, the microscopic fracture toughness (MFT), is necessary. The authors developed a testing method for determination of MFT for rock materials. A microsized specimen of a cantilever beam type with dimensions of 10 by 10 by 50 μm was used in this testing method, and we built a special testing machine for this specimen. Microsized specimens were made within grains of Iksan granite by Focused Ion Beam machining, and the MFT of its constituents—plagioclase, alkali feldspar, and quartz—was determined using this testing method at room temperature. The MFT varied widely and the results are discussed based on the mineralogical knowledge. This testing method will be helpful to more accurately interpret the fracture behavior.
Ética y formación personalizada: Una experiencia con profesorado universitario cubano que capacita personal directivo
Authors: Carpio-Camacho Adilen , Echevarría-Gómez María Del Carmen , Páez-Martín María De la Caridad , Romero-Romero Osvaldo
Published: June 2018

Los postulados de Víctor García Hoz, sobre el modo de actuar del personal docente caracterizado por preferencias y actitudes, han sido poco analizados desde la enseñanza de postgrado. El presente artículo, derivado de una investigación, expone una experiencia para el fortalecimiento de la formación ética del profesorado universitario cubano que capacita personal directivo, como contribución a una educación personalizada, desde los postulados del citado autor. La metodología desarrollada desde una perspectiva interpretativa involucra al profesorado de las más altas categorías científicas y académicas de las facultades de Economía, Ingeniería y Humanidades, de la Universidad de Sancti Spíritus. La experiencia se diseña en tres fases: descriptiva, basada en la selección y lectura de documentos y grupos de discusión, para conocer los elementos esenciales de la ética profesional en el contexto universitario; empírica, donde se implementa una intervención para fortalecer la formación ética del personal docente y; valorativa, apoyada en la evaluación de la factibilidad y validez de la intervención a partir de cuestionarios a personal experto, grupos de discusión y observación participante. Los resultados obtenidos corroboraron que existe una brecha epistemológica en el análisis de la enseñanza personalizada en el postgrado y lo esencial radica en la contrastación crítica y reflexiva que el personal docente que capacita personas directivas sea capaz de hacer sobre cómo se transforman sus preceptos éticos, cómo estos impactan en sus prácticas de aula y cómo repercuten en el actuar responsable e integral de sus formados, así como en la responsabilidad compartida de la universidad y el profesorado.
Análisis multivariado a los factores relacionados con el aprendizaje móvil en la educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Estrada-Villa Erika Juliana , Boude-Figueredo Óscar Rafael
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo identificar, a través de un análisis de componentes principales, los factores relacionados con el aprendizaje móvil o m-learning en educación superior. Para esto, se llevó a cabo una investigación mixta, que retomó los hallazgos de una investigación más amplia, que tuvo como resultado la determinación de catorce factores, y que este artículo reduce a tres a través de un análisis multifactorial. Además, para la recolección de los datos se aplicó un instrumento con escala tipo Likert a 30 personas expertas investigadoras universitarias. Para el procesamiento de los datos se empleó un análisis de componentes principales, que arrojó como resultado los siguientes factores: capacitación, características de estudiantes y falta de gestión administrativa, los cuales guardan correlación con los factores falta de lineamientos m-learning y el de infraestructura. En conclusion, los factores extraídos deben ser tenidos en cuenta a la hora de trazar políticas y lineamientos para incluir el aprendizaje móvil en la educación superior, así como en los planes de formación docente, en respuesta a lo que el estudiantado está demandando.
Análisis de la producción científica en política y gestión educativa publicada en ScieLO 2012-2015
Authors: González-Campos José , Aspeé-Chacón Juan , Sessarego-Espeleta Ida , González-Suárez Héctor , Gómez-Osorio Rosa
Published: June 2018

La cienciometría, como medición de la producción científica, impulsa las investigaciones en educación a nuevos estándares de rigurosidad, conexión e interacción entre investigadores e investigadoras. La misma cienciometría sirve como medición y, al mismo tiempo, como guía para atender las temáticas en boga o detectar a aquellas postergadas. En tal sentido, el presente trabajo se propone analizar y formular un índice de productividad científica en temáticas de políticas y gestión educativa en publicaciones SCIELO entre los años 2012-2015. Así, se resumen y organizan las frecuencias de la producción científica publicada en temáticas de política y gestión educativa, y se presenta un índice organizar dicha producción para cada uno de los 15 países constituyentes de la base de indexación SCIELO. Este índice permitió identificar los países con menor riesgo y estables longitudinalmente en relación con la producción científica en esta temática: Bolivia, Brasil y Uruguay. Asimismo, identificó los países de mayor riesgo e inestabilidad en la misma área: Perú y África del Sur. Esto justifica la necesidad de establecer estándares relativos a la producción científica en políticas y gestión educativa. Asimismo, se abre una línea de investigación en torno a la cienciometría en esta misma, junto con establecer criterios para la toma de decisiones.
Microwave Weed and Soil Treatment in Agricultural Systems
Authors: Graham Brodie  , Muhammed Jamal Khan  , Dorin Gupta  , Sally Foletta
Published: June 2018

Weeds are the major hindrance in crop production, costing approximately AU$4 billion annually in Australian gain production systems, in 2006. Herbicide resistance is also becoming a global issue; therefore, there is a growing need for alternative weed control methods. Several thermal and non-thermal methods are possible. The thermal method of microwave weed management has been explored for some time. This paper provides a brief summary of the research associated with this technique.
Repercusiones en la cavidad oral por la utilización de piercing. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Villalobos Montero Alexander , Barzuna Ulloa Mayid , Barzuna Pacheco Mariela
Published: June 2018

El piercing corporal se define como la penetración de un adorno a los orificios hechos en la piel y/o mucosa a través de un instrumento agudo que crea una abertura en torno a la cual es posible aplicar el ornamento. La utilización de piercing oral en jóvenes cada vez adquiere más fuerza debido a que se considera una expresión de arte en la cavidad oral. Dentro de las zonas más comunes para colocarlos están el dorso de la lengua y el labio inferior. Esta moda puede llegar a ser muy perjudicial para la salud oral ya que puede provocar infecciones y en el peor de los casos ocasionar complicaciones que coloquen en riesgo la vida. En el presente artículo se describe las características del daño ocasionado en la cavidad bucal por la utilización de un piercing lingual. Se reporta un paciente masculino de 29 años con fractura coronal y dolor al frío y calor en el diente 3.6; además de pérdida ósea vertical en los dientes 4.1 y 4.6; el caso se resolvió a través de tratamiento endodóntico no quirúrgico y tratamiento periodontal. Se concluye que el uso de piercing lingual puede asociarse a fracturas coronales y problemas periodontales.
Crecimiento del cartílago condilar. Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Romero Peláez Claudia Margarita , Torres Murillo Ethman Ariel , Pinto Parada Yuliana Andrea
Published: June 2018

El cóndilo mandibular es un cartílago secundario caracterizado por su respuesta a cargas funcionales y mecánicas. Su estimulación repetida desencadena una serie de eventos que parecen aumentar el número de células mesenquimales de replicación. En esta revisión de la literatura se presentan los hallazgos fundamentales para comprender los factores que condicionan el crecimiento condilar. Se analizaron los siguientes tópicos asociados: embriología, influencia genética y ambiental, función como centro de crecimiento y la bioingeniería aplicada a este campo. Se evidenció en la literatura revisada que el cóndilo actúa como principal centro de crecimiento adaptativo regional y que la regulación del desarrollo está determinada por factores genéticos y epigenéticos que modifican la expresión de factores de transcripción y crecimiento.
A África no cânone na literatura lusófona pós-colonial
Authors: Vilar Fernanda
Published: June 2018

Após o fim do Império Colonial português, o termo de lusofonia veio marcar um espaço de influência que Portugal não desejava perder. Entretanto, as dinâmicas geopolíticas do mundo permitem que os países lusófonos utilizem a Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa como uma ferramenta de afirmação e posicionamento no mundo. Dessa maneira, como entender a literatura produzida na África dos PALOP e sua relação com o cânone lusófono e mundial? A partir de interrogações da literatura anglófona e do exemplo de manifesto por uma literatura mundo feita pelos escritores francófonos, buscamos interrogar o espaço da produção literária africana lusófona.
Parámetros para el manejo del agua en tomate y chile dulce hidropónico bajo invernadero
Authors: Soto Bravo Freddy
Published: June 2018

El intervalo hídrico óptimo, basado en umbrales de humedad volumétrica en el sustrato (θvs), permite un control preciso del volumen y la frecuencia de riego. Se determinaron los umbrales de θvs para el manejo del riego en los cultivos de tomate y chile dulce en fibra de coco en los invernaderos de la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM), Alajuela, Costa Rica, en el 2015. En ambos cultivos se aplicó un tratamiento con riego (CR) y otro sin riego (SR), en un diseño completamente aleatorio. Se evaluó el contenido de θvs, el potencial hídrico (ψh) y la temperatura de la hoja (Th) y se estimó la evapotranspiración de ambos cultivos mediante un balance de agua en el sustrato. El umbral de θvs en la fibra de coco, para el manejo del riego en ambos cultivos, podría establecerse en el rango de agua fácilmente disponible de 56% a 38%, donde los valores de ψh fueron inferiores al umbral crítico de < -1 MPa reportado por diferentes autores y las Th fueron similares a la temperatura del aire. En los tratamientos CR, los promedios de θvs en tomate (44%) y chile dulce (50%) estuvieron dentro del rango de agua fácilmente disponible (38% a 56%) de la fibra de coco. En las pruebas SR de ambos cultivos, la θvs descendió a un valor promedio de 32%, próximo al punto de marchitez permanente. En ψh y Th las diferencias entre experimentos fueron de mayor magnitud al m.d. del día 2, donde los tratamientos CR fueron -0,84 MPa en tomate y -0,98 MPa en chile dulce; mientras que en las prácticas SR fueron -1,24 MPa en tomate y -1,3 MPa en chile dulce. Al m.d. del día 2, las Th de ambos cultivos en los diseños SR y CR fueron similares e inferiores, respectivamente, a la temperatura del aire (32,9°C).
Adquisición de las construcciones medias en español como segunda lengua
Authors: Guillén Solano Patricia
Published: June 2018

Este artículo estudia la adquisición de la voz media en español como segunda lengua, centrándose en el uso del pronombre se como estrategia para expresar anticausatividad. La investigación se lleva a cabo con seis hablantes de español como segunda lengua, tres de ellos con instrucción formal universitaria en español como segunda lengua y tres de ellos sin estudios formales en esta lengua pero que han vivido en Costa Rica al menos por tres años. Para efectuar el estudio, se les solicita a los participantes que respondan la pregunta ¿Qué le pasó a...? de acuerdo con una serie de ilustraciones, con el fin de determinar el uso de la estructura. Finalmente, sus respuestas son analizadas y comparadas.
Las funciones del lenguaje de Jakobson en la titulación deportiva: Estudio estilístico de La Nación y La Extra
Authors: Vargas Castro Erika
Published: June 2018

En el siguiente artículo se estudian los titulares periodísticos dentro del esquema de la comunicación de Jakobson. Los titulares son enunciados producidos por un diario (el cual funciona como emisor) y transmiten un mensaje relacionado con una realidad, sea física o mental, a un destinatario, el lector. En el caso de los periódicos La Nación y La Extra, el código compartido es el español, pero se emplean diferentes subcódigos: mientras que el primer diario se caracteriza por el uso de un registro formal, en el segundo se prefiere el léxico informal propio del sociolecto al que se dirige el diario. Asimismo, se presupone que las funciones del lenguaje de Jakobson que deben prevalecer en los titulares son la referencial y la fática, pero en la sección deportiva se demostró que en ambos periódicos se utilizan titulares cuya forma podría vincularse con la función poética. Esto evidencia una mayor libertad en la sección deportiva para interactuar con el contenido del mensaje. Además, en el caso de La Extra, se registraron titulares en donde se enfatiza alguna de las otras funciones, ya sea la emotiva, la conativa o la metalingüística, por cuanto también se busca interactuar con el lector, incorporar rasgos subjetivos y emplear juegos lingüísticos con el fin de hacer el titular más atractivo.
Uso del léxico en textos escritos por estudiantes de nivel B2 de español como segunda lengua
Authors: Vargas Castro Ericka
Published: June 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es describir el uso del léxico en términos de variedad, propiedad, precisión y competencia en textos escritos por estudiantes con un nivel B2 de español como segunda lengua. Por un lado, interesa identificar los tipos de problemas más frecuentes en cuanto al empleo del vocabulario, pues a partir de estos se pueden diseñar actividades que ayuden a mejorar el desempeño de los alumnos. Por otro lado, se busca interpretar los resultados de acuerdo con la teoría de transferencia de lengua, para así determinar aquellas dificultades que evidencian necesidades específicas en torno al aprendizaje de lengua, y las que estarían relacionadas con el ámbito de escritura académica.
Herramientas para la elección de documentos auténticos como punto de partida para la creación de secuencias didácticas en ELE
Authors: Arias Corrales Ileana
Published: June 2018

En este artículo se presenta, en primer lugar, la definición y tipología de documentos auténticos en el ámbito de la enseñanza de lenguas extrajeras. Seguidamente, se analizan algunas propuestas en cuanto a la pertinencia de su uso y luego se propone una serie de criterios para la elección de documentos auténticos orales o escritos como punto de partida para la planificación de una secuencia didáctica. Dicha propuesta tiene como objetivo primordial brindar herramientas y sobre todo criterios de reflexión que orienten las decisiones de la persona ya que en lo que respecta a la planificación didáctica, son las decisiones acertadas las que garantizan un curso de lengua extranjera coherente, motivante y a la vez eficaz. Finalmente, la autora presenta algunas pistas de explotación de dichos documentos.
I Congreso de Español como Segunda Lengua
Authors: Alvarado-Cantero Lucía
Published: June 2018

En marzo de 2015, se llevó a cabo, por primera vez en la Universidad de Costa Rica, un congreso dedicado al análisis de la enseñanza del español como segunda lengua (SL) o lengua extranjera (LE). Reunió a más de 200 participantes así como a más de 50 ponentes de diferentes países.Este evento, evidenció la necesidad de discutir sobre las maneras en las que se enseña una lengua que es hablada por más de 495 millones de personas en el mundo y estudiada por aproximadamente 18 millones de alumnos cada año (Instituto Cervantes, 2012). El gremio de docentes de español como lengua extranjera -el cual ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial en Costa Rica en los últimos 20 años- mostró interés en buscar estrategias didácticas que permitieran que el proceso de aprendizaje/adquisición de la lengua fuera no solo más exitoso sino más agradable para los aprendices.
Primary umbilical endometriosis
Authors: SANTOS FILHO PAULO VICENTE DOS , SANTOS MARCELO PROTÁSIO DOS , CASTRO SAMANTA , MELO VALDINALDO ARAGÃO DE
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the characteristics, evolution and outcome of patients with primary umbilical endometriosis. Methods: an observational and descriptive study of patients with primary umbilical endometriosis diagnosed between 2014 and 2017. The clinical variables evaluated were age, clinical picture, lesion characteristics, diagnostic methods, treatment and recurrence. Results: six patients diagnosed with primary umbilical endometriosis aged 28 to 45 years were operated on during the study period. They had lesions ranging from one to 2.5cm in diameter, violet in five patients and erythematous-violaceous in one. The duration of the symptoms until diagnosis ranged from one to three years and in all the cases studied the diagnosis was made through the clinical manifestations and confirmed by histopathological analysis. No case was associated with neoplastic alterations. All patients evaluated had pain and umbilical bleeding in the menstrual period. Conclusion: umbilical endometriosis is an uncommon disease and should be included in the differential diagnosis of women as umbilical nodules. The treatment of choice is the total exeresis of the lesion.
Weight-teasing: does body dissatisfaction mediate weight-control behaviors of Brazilian adolescent girls from low-income communities?
Authors: Philippi Sonia Tucunduva , Leme Ana Carolina Barco
Published: June 2018

The objective was to examine the mediation hypothesis of body dissatisfaction and analyze their association with weight-teasing and body satisfaction. A total of 253 girls who attended 10 schools from São Paulo, Brazil, participated in this study. Data collection was carried out through a validated and self-reported questionnaire. Study variables were weight-teasing (independent), body satisfaction (mediation), and weight control behavior (outcome). Effect mediation analyses showed a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). Prevalence of family and peers weight-teasing were 38.5% and 40.6%, respectively. Body dissatisfaction was associated with unhealthy weight control behaviors when controlled by family and peer weight-teasing. Data indicate that family and peers teasing are important aspects that interfere in body satisfaction and weight control behaviors.
On health needs: the concept labyrinth
Authors: Camargo Jr. Kenneth Rochel de
Published: June 2018

This study aims to reflect on the intertwining of certain key ideas about what we call “health” within the hegemonic biomedical paradigm: health, disease, health needs, medicalization and medical-industrial complex. This reflection is based on the philosophical contributions of Heller and Wiggins on needs; on the discussion of some authors, especially Canguilhem, about health and illness; and Collins’ sociology of expertise. After pointing out some of the conundrums that arise from the conceptual fluidity of the topics abovementioned, we present a path forward, based on Collins’ proposals about the role of experts in political arguments, to resituate the discussion on health needs.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, QUALITY OF LIFE AND BODY IMAGE OF CANDIDATES TO BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: BARRETO Bruno Leandro de Melo , LIMA Jones Silva , ALBUQUERQUE Diogo Barbosa de , KREIMER Flavio , FERRAZ Álvaro Antonio Bandeira , CAMPOS Josemberg Marins
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Background: Physical activity enhances quality of life and body image in obese. Behavioural changes are useful tools to increase life conditions of this population. Aim: To evaluate the physical activity level of candidates to bariatric surgery and its relation with quality of life and body image, when patients are encouraged weekly by personal trainers. ) Method: This is a prospective, interventional and longitudinal study with quantitative analysis. Patients were divided into two groups, control (n=28) and interventional (n= 10). Both groups received physical activity and nutritional recommendations and psychological support. Were used the SF36 and Body Shape questionnaires to assess physical activity level and body image and pedometers to count weekly steps. Patients were followed during 12 weeks. ) Results: Were found significant difference in the domains physical activity (p=0.019), pain (p=0.0001) and health general status (p=0.021). No significant difference in body weight (p=0.095) was noted. Conclusion: When assisted by personal trainers, obese patients can change behavior, increase health quality and physical activity levels and experience less pain. Increase in physical activity, when well structured can benefit these patients.
THE M-RNA, EXPRESSION OF SERCA2 AND NCX1 IN THE PROCESS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL CELL PROTECTION IN EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE PANCREATITIS INDUCED BY TAUROCHOLATE
Authors: VASQUES Enio Rodrigues , CUNHA José Eduardo Monteiro , KUBRUSLY Marcia Saldanha , COELHO Ana Maria , SANPIETRI Sandra N. , NADER Helena B. , TERSARIOL Ivarne L.S. , LIMA Marcelo A. , CHAIB Eleazar , D’ALBUQUERQUE Luiz Augusto Carneiro
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Background: Intracellular calcium overload is known to be a precipitating factor of pancreatic cell injury in acute pancreatitis (AP). Intracellular calcium homeostasis depends of Plasmatic Membrane Calcium ATPase (PMCA), Sarcoplasmic Endothelial Reticulum Calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA 2) and the Sodium Calcium Exchanger (NCX1). The antioxidant melatonin (Mel) and Trisulfate Disaccharide (TD) that accelerates NCX1 action could reduce the cell damage determined by the AP. Aim: To evaluate m-RNA expressions of SERCA2 and NCX1 in acute pancreatitis induced by sodium taurocholate in Wistar rats pre-treated with melatonin and/or TD. Methods: Wistar rats were divided in groups: 1) without AP; 2) AP without pre-treatment; 3) AP and Melatonin; 4) AP and TD; 5) AP and Melatonin associated to TD. Pancreatic tissue samples were collected for detection of SERCA2 and NCX1 m-R NA levels by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Increased m-RNA expression of SERCA2 in the melatonin treated group, without increase of m-RNA expression of the NCX1. The TD did not affect levels of SERCA2 and NCX1 m-RNA expressions. The combined melatonin and TD treatment reduced the m-RNA expression of SERCA2. Conclusions: The effect of melatonin is restricted to increased m-RNA expression of SERCA2. Although TD does not affect gene expression, its action in accelerating calcium exchanger function can explain the slightest expression of SERCA2 m-RNA when associated with Melatonin, perhaps by a joint action of drugs with different and but possibly complementary mechanisms.
FUNCTIONALITY OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER PATIENTS WHICH HAVE UNDERTAKEN SURGERY IN HOSPITAL PHASE
Authors: CARVALHO Epamela Sulamita Vitor de , LEÃO Ana Cristina Machado , BERGMANN Anke
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Background: Cancer patients present various physiological, metabolic, social and emotional changes as a consequence of the disease’s own catabolism, and may be potentiated in the gastrointestinal tract cancer by their interference with food intake, digestion and absorption. Aim: T o evaluate the functionality of upper gastrointestinal cancer patients which have undertaken surgery and analyze the factors associated with changes in strength and functionality during hospitalization time. Methods: Prospective analytical study in patients with cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract which have undertaken surgery. Was evaluated the handgrip strength using a hand dynamometer and functionality through the functional independence measure and Functional Status Scale for Intensive Care Unit in the preoperative period, 2nd and 7th postoperative day. Results: Were included 12 patients, 75% men, and mean age was 58.17 years old. The most prevalent tumor site was stomach (66.7%). There was a progressive reduction from the pre-operative palmar grip strength to the 2nd and 7th postoperative day, respectively. There was a decrease in functional performance from the preoperative period to the 2nd and a gain from the 2nd to the 7th postoperative day (p<0.001). Conclusion: An important reduction in the handgrip strength and functionality was evidenced during the postoperative period in relation to the basal value in the pre-operative period.
EARLY ORAL FEEDING POST-UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT RESECTION AND PRIMARY ANASTOMOSIS IN ONCOLOGY
Authors: LOPES Lilian Pinheiro , MENEZES Taysa Machado , TOLEDO Diogo Oliveira , DE-OLIVEIRA Antônio Talvane Torres , LONGATTO-FILHO Adhemar , NASCIMENTO José Eduardo de Aguilar
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Background: The practice of starving patients in the immediate period after upper gastrointestinal surgery is widespread. Early oral intake has been shown to be feasible and may result in faster recovery and decrease length of hospital. Aim: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of oral nutrition on postoperative early feeding after upper gastrointestinal surgeries. Methods: Observational cohort design study with convenience retrospective data in both genders, over 18 years, undergoing to total gastrectomy and/or elective esophagectomy. They have received oral or enteral nutrition in less than 48 h after surgery, and among those who started with enteral nutrition, the oral feeding up to seven days. Results: The study was performed in 161 patients, 24 (14.9%) submitted to esophagectomy, 132 (82%) to total gastrectomy and five (3.1%) to esophagogastrectomy. Was observed good dietary acceptance and low percentage (29%) of gastrointestinal intolerances, more pronounced among those with enteral diet. Most of the patients did not present postoperative complications, 11 (6.8%) were reopened, five (3.1%) had fistulas, three (1.9%) wound dehiscence, three (1.9%) fistula more wound dehiscence and six (3.7%) other non-infectious complications. Conclusion: Early oral diet is safe and viable for patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal surgery.
TRUNK BODY MASS INDEX: A NEW REFERENCE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF BODY MASS DISTRIBUTION
Authors: TAKESIAN Mariane , SANTO Marco Aurelio , GADDUCCI Alexandre Vieira , SANTARÉM Gabriela Correia de Faria , GREVE Julia , SILVA Paulo Roberto , CLEVA Roberto de
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Background: Body mass index (BMI) has some limitations for nutritional diagnosis since it does not represent an accurate measure of body fat and it is unable to identify predominant fat distribution. Aim: To develop a BMI based on the ratio of trunk mass and height. Methods: Fifty-seven patients in preoperative evaluation to bariatric surgery were evaluated. The preoperative anthropometric evaluation assessed weight, height and BMI. The body composition was evaluated by bioimpedance, obtaining the trunk fat free mass and fat mass, and trunk height. Trunk BMI (tBMI) was calculated by the sum of the measurements of the trunk fat free mass (tFFM) and trunk fat mass (tFM) in kg, divided by the trunk height squared (m2)). The calculation of the trunk fat BMI (tfBMI) was calculated by tFM, in kg, divided by the trunk height squared (m2)). For the correction and adjustment of the tBMI and tfBMI, it was calculated the relation between trunk extension and height, multiplying by the obtained indexes. Results: The mean data was: weight 125.3±19.5 kg, height 1.63±0.1 m, BMI was 47±5 kg/m2) and trunk height was 0.52±0,1 m, tFFM was 29.05±4,8 kg, tFM was 27.2±3.7 kg, trunk mass index was 66.6±10.3 kg/m², and trunk fat was 32.3±5.8 kg/m². In 93% of the patients there was an increase in obesity class using the tBMI. In patients with grade III obesity the tBMI reclassified to super obesity in 72% of patients and to super-super obesity in 24% of the patients. Conclusion: The trunk BMI is simple and allows a new reference for the evaluation of the body mass distribution, and therefore a new reclassification of the obesity class, evidencing the severity of obesity in a more objectively way.
Ciclos de protesto e repertório de ação do movimento indígena brasileiro entre 2009 e 2016: o caso da PEC 215
Authors: Soares Leonardo Barros
Published: June 2018

Resumo O artigo trata do repertório de ação do movimento indígena brasileiro entre 2009 e 2016, com foco no grande ciclo de protestos contra a aprovação da Proposta de Emenda Constitucional (PEC) 215/2000, que prevê a transferência de competência demarcatória de terras indígenas para o Congresso brasileiro. Coletamos e categorizamos todas as postagens realizadas nos sítios eletrônicos da Articulação dos Povos Indígenas do Brasil (APIB) acerca de sua atividade política no período e apresentamos os dados de forma descritiva. Concluímos que este movimento utiliza majoritariamente um repertório não contencioso, com destaque para sua forte utilização de meios digitais e divulgação em órgãos de imprensa, em todo o período analisado, e que vem declinando em termos quantitativos. As ações de protesto são de caráter multiétnico, ou seja, envolvem mais de uma etnia. Por fim, verificou-se que as ações do movimento concentram-se sobretudo em Brasília, seguida de Mato Grosso do Sul e do Amazonas.
Somatic cell count obtained by Ekomilk Scan® and correlations with other methods of analysis
Authors: Gonçalves Ana Carolina Siqueira , Roma Júnior Luiz Carlos , Privatti Rafaela Torrezan , Salles Márcia Saladini Vieira , Paz Claudia Cristina Paro de , Zadra Lenira El Faro , Vidal Ana Maria Centola
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to evaluate the equipment Ekomilk Scan® as an alternative to somatic cell count (SCC) in milk. For this individual cow milk samples of various ages and different stages of lactation in northeastern state of São Paulo region were collected. The analyzes performed were divided into variables related to the equipment: repeatability and reproducibility, and variables that could influencing the results as: use of preservatives, temperature, time between collection and analysis, breed and milk composition, besides analysis to relate the Ekomilk Scan® with the standard method-direct microscopy and reference-flow cytometry. As the result, for samples analysis, it shouldn’t be added preservative and these should be conducted on the same day of collection; however, temperature sample did not significantly influence results. Furthermore, Ekomilk Scan® did not show good correlation of results with the method of direct microscopy; however, it was necessary to generate equations for a positive correlation between flow cytometry and Ekomilk Scan®. Therefore, it is concluded that the equipment tested is not accurate but it can be an alternative for SCC monitoring in productive units since it uses calibration equations of results.
A EXPERIÊNCIA DE PRISÃO PREVENTIVA POR VIOLÊNCIA CONJUGAL: O DISCURSO DE HOMENS
Authors: Paixão Gilvânia Patrícia do Nascimento , Pereira Álvaro , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Campos Luana Moura , Cruz Moniky Araújo da , Santos Paulo Fabrício de Melo
Published: June 2018

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer a experiência masculina acerca da prisão preventiva por violência conjugal. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo, com 23 homens em processo por violência conjugal junto à 1ª Vara de Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra a Mulher, na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. A coleta se deu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupo focal, entre maio e dezembro de 2015. Os dados foram organizados a partir do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e software NVIVO® 11. Resultados: os homens experienciaram a prisão preventiva por um tempo que variou entre 15 e 90 dias. As ideias centrais emergidas foram: Sentindo-se injustiçado e revoltado pela prisão; Reconhecendo sua conduta violenta; Aspirando por relações livres de violência. Conclusão: os achados apontam que é comum nos relacionamentos conjugais a naturalização da violência e sinalizam a importância do apoio social no processo de reflexão desse relacionamento. Soma-se a necessidade de articulação entre diversos setores envolvidos no processo criminal de homens por violência conjugal a fim de reeducar e ressocializar o autor da agressão.
Sugarcane residue management impact soil greenhouse gas
Authors: Tavares Rose Luiza Moraes , Spokas Kurt , Hall Kate , Colosky Edward , Souza Zigomar Menezes de , Scala Newton La
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Mechanized sugarcane harvest is replacing the historic practice of field burning, due to environmental concerns of the particulate and emissions during burning. However, the impact of these practices on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) production potential is not fully known. Thus, the present work quantified the potential production, in 1 g of soil, of greenhouse gases (GHG) in three systems of sugarcane management. The systems were: area with a history of burning sugarcane before harvest (B) and another with two systems of management of “green sugarcane” in two periods of implantation - 5 (G-5) and 10 years (G-10). A laboratory incubation experiment was used to assess the production potentials of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) in 1g of soil samples by the different sugarcane management systems. The results of this study demonstrate that the sugarcane management systems had an impact on the potential production of CO2 in the soil. In addition, when the results of gases were divided from convex and concave areas, differences in CO2 patterns between areas B and G-10 were observed, with greater emission in the G-10 area, probably due the residue on the soil surface.
Agronomic biofortification of carrot with selenium
Authors: Oliveira Vanuze Costa de , Faquin Valdemar , Guimarães Karina Carvalho , Andrade Fabrício Ribeiro , Pereira Joelma , Guilherme Luiz Roberto Guimarães
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT The selenium (Se) is essential for human metabolism, but a large part of the world’s population has deficiency in this element. This can be reversed by the consumption of biofortified foods, given that plants can efficiently act in controlling excessive and/or accidental consumption of an element that can occur in humans through the use of dietary supplements. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different application forms and sources of Se in the growth, production, nutrition, physical-chemical characteristics, content and accumulation of Se in carrots. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions, using pots containing 4 dm3 of Red-yellow Latosol. A completely randomized design was used in a 2x2x2 factorial scheme (with and without Se application, two sources of Se: selenate and selenite, two forms of application of Se: soil and foliar applications), with five replicates. Foliar application of selenate increased the yield and titratable acidity, reducing root ripening index. Foliar application of selenite increased the content of Se in the shoots and the content of carotenoids in the roots. Both sources of Se (selenate and selenite) and application forms (soil or foliar application) increased their content in the roots. However, the foliar application of selenate was the most effective source and form of application. Therefore, it is possible to increase the contents of Se in the edible part of carrots, favoring the consumption of this element by the population.
Support actions undertaken for the woman by companions in public maternity hospitals
Authors: Junges Carolina Frescura , Brüggemann Odaléa Maria , Knobel Roxana , Costa Roberta
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the support actions undertaken for the woman during labor, birth, cesarean section and the postpartum period. Method: a transversal study, undertaken in three public maternity hospitals, with a sample of 1,147 companions. The data were collected through interviews and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The support actions were classified in four dimensions: emotional, physical, informational and relating to intermediation. Results: the majority of interviewees were the partner/father of the baby (76.7%). In labor, birth and the postpartum period, the actions of emotional support - such as calming, encouraging and praising, were performed by more than 80.0% of the companions; informational support, by approximately 70.0%; and intermediation by fewer than 65.0% of them. In childbirth, the emphasis on physical support was observed in assisting with walking (84.4%), and in changing position (90.4%). Conclusion: the companions participate actively in the birth process, performing actions of support in the four dimensions. Emotional support is the most frequent, followed by physical and informational support, mainly during labor and birth. The results contribute to valuing the companion from the woman’s social network in the birth scenario and to the recognition of his/her role as a provider of support.
Preference of red mite Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Acari: Tetranychidae) to sweet potato genotypes
Authors: Castro B. M. C. , Soares M. A. , Andrade Júnior V. C , Santos Júnior V. C. , Fontes P. C. R. , Wilcken C. F. , Serrão J. E. , Zanuncio J. C.
Published: June 2018

Abstract Tetranychus ludeni damages the sweet potato. Pest development can vary between plant genotypes. The objective was to identify the preference of Tetranychus ludeni for Ipomoea batatas genotypes, from the germplasm bank at the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM). Natural infestations of this mite were observed on 54 sweet potato genotypes in potted, in a greenhouse. Three mite-infested leafs of each genotype were collected and analyzed. The red mite showed different population density rate in genotypes. The BD 29 genotype was found to be highly susceptible, the BD 08, BD 57, BD 17 and Espanhola genotypes were moderately susceptible, and the others forty-nine genotypes showed low susceptibility to the mite.