bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antenatal corticosteroids and neonatal outcomes in preterm birth in the United States
Authors: Gulersen Moti , Grunebaum Amos , Lenchner Erez , Chervenak Frank A. , Bornstein Eran
Published: February 2022

Objectives

To determine the impact of antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) on neonatal outcomes in a large United States population of preterm births.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study utilizing the United States Natality Live Birth database from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016–2017). Women with singleton preterm births were eligible for inclusion. Out-of-hospital births, fetal anomalies, and cases where ACS exposure was unknown were excluded. Neonates from reported live births were divided into two groups based on whether the mother received ACS before delivery or not. The incidence of several reported neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups at each gestational week. Subsequently, comparisons between three gestational age groups (23 0/7 to 27 6/7, 28 0/7 to 33 6/7, and 34 to 36 6/7 weeks) were performed. Statistical analysis included use of Chi-squared test and multivariate logistic regression.

Results

Of the 588,077 live births included, 121,151 (20.6%) had been exposed to ACS. ACS use was associated with a significantly decreased odds of neonatal mortality and 5-min Apgar score <7, but an increased rate of several neonatal outcomes such as surfactant replacement therapy, prolonged ventilation, antibiotics for suspected neonatal sepsis, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions.

Conclusions

ACS administration prior to preterm birth is associated with a decrease in neonatal mortality and low Apgar scores, and increased odds of several adverse neonatal outcomes.
Convergence results on Picard-Krasnoselskii hybrid iterative process in CAT(0) spaces
Authors: Ahmad Junaid , Ullah Kifayat , Arshad Muhammad , de la Sen Manuel , Ma Zhenhua
Published: February 2022

We get the strong and

Δ

\Delta

-convergence of the Picard-Krasnoselskii hybrid iteration scheme to a fixed point of a self-map endowed with the condition

(

B

γ
,
μ

)

\left({B}_{\gamma ,\mu })

. We use the nonlinear context of CAT(0) spaces for establishing these results. We present a new example of a self-map endowed with

(

B

γ
,
μ

)

\left({B}_{\gamma ,\mu })

condition and prove that its Picard-Krasnoselskii hybrid iterative process is more effective than the Picard and Krasnoselskii hybrid iterative processes. This improves and extends some recently announced results of the current literature.
Commutators of multilinear strongly singular integrals on nonhomogeneous metric measure spaces
Authors: Wang Hailian , Xie Rulong
Published: February 2022

Let

(

X
,
d
,
μ

)

\left(X,d,\mu )

denote nonhomogeneous metric measure space satisfying geometrically doubling and the upper doubling measure conditions. In this paper, the boundedness in Lebesgue spaces for two kinds of commutators, which are iterated commutators and commutators in summation form, generated by multilinear strongly singular integral operators with RBMO

(

μ

)

\left(\mu )

function on nonhomogeneous metric measure spaces

(

X
,
d
,
μ

)

\left(X,d,\mu )

is obtained.
A perceptual study of language chunking in Estonian
Authors: Ots Nele , Taremaa Piia
Published: February 2022

Two studies investigate the production and perception of speech chunks in Estonian. A corpus study examines to what degree the boundaries of syntactic constituents and frequent collocations influence the distribution of prosodic information in spontaneously spoken utterances. A perception experiment tests to what degree prosodic information, constituent structure, and collocation frequencies interact in the perception of speech chunks. Two groups of native Estonian speakers rated spontaneously spoken utterances for the presence of disjunctures, whilst listening to these utterances (N=47N=47) or reading them (N=40N=40). The results of the corpus study reveal a rather weak correspondence between the distribution of prosodic information and boundaries of the syntactic constituents and collocations. The results of the perception experiments demonstrate a strong influence of clause boundaries on the perception of prosodic discontinuities as prosodic breaks. Thus, the results indicate that there is no direct relationship between the semantico-syntactic characteristics of utterances and the distribution of prosodic information. The percept of a prosodic break relies on the rapid recognition of constituent structure, i.e. structural information.
The Declining Pension Wealth of Employment for the Birth Cohorts 1935–1974 in Germany
Authors: Mika Tatjana
Published: February 2022

Social inequality in the labor market leads to similarly unequal pension entitlements. From a life-course perspective, however, there are two components of inequality in the labor market: the degree of stability of employment until retirement, as well as the amount of gross income earned in periods of employment. The following analysis focuses on working-life and income trajectories of the birth cohorts 1935–1974 in East and West Germany until age 40. The results demonstrate a structural shift in the German labor market towards less stable employment in the first half of the working career. The labor market therefore offered increasingly less stable employment, with an especially stark negative trend for East Germans. Only West German women born after 1945 experienced a positive trend in employment stability. For employees of all birth cohorts, the analysis demonstrates that instability in the employment career has a strong negative effect on income and, subsequently, on pension wealth. The impact of income discrimination against those with less employment stability thus remained similar for the later-born despite the more widespread experience of employment interruptions.
Using Isolated Temporal Analysis to Aid in the Assessment of Structural Element Quality for Additive Construction
Authors: Diggs-McGee Brandy N. , Kreiger Eric L.
Published: February 2022

Additive construction (AC) is rapidly advancing as a viable method of construction. However, during layer deposition in concrete additive construction (concrete AC), deviations from the design can occur regarding tolerance, precision, and accuracy from layer to layer. This is primarily a result of the material's setting time and external factors such as ambient temperature and hose friction. Delayed placement of material can disrupt the interface strength, layer shape stability, and structural print stability during construction. Since the 3D printer systems used in AC processes are controlled by computers, it is possible to monitor and record the construction process to determine time gaps between layers and total construction, print, and elapsed times. This can be done by performing a time series analysis during the AC process. Isolating the components within the analysis that constitute the deseasonalized time can aid in determining certain aspects that can affect component irregularities. Using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method of time series forecasting, this analysis, alongside physical test results of material properties such as rheology, curing times, shape stability, and specimen strengths based on layer placement and time gaps, can provide a real-time assessment of construction quality. The work presented is on the development of a standard method for performing a time series analysis and the determination of specific time parameters completed over three different concrete AC demonstrations. The time series analysis disclosed that the optimal time for concrete printing in an outdoor environment would be during the early morning hours and late afternoon when the sun is not influencing the specific material composition. The results also indicated that after a 28-day curing time, the structural integrity of 3D-printed concrete decreased with variations in the layer print time of a single object, affecting the entire infrastructure.
A Critical Period for Development of Cerebellar-Mediated Autism-Relevant Social Behavior
Authors: Gibson Jennifer M. , Howland Cleone P. , Ren Chongyu , Howland Cyrena , Vernino Alexandra , Tsai Peter T.
Published: February 2022

The cerebellum has been increasingly implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with many ASD-linked genes impacting both cerebellar function and development. However, the precise timing and critical periods of when abnormal cerebellar neurodevelopment contributes to ASD-relevant behaviors remains poorly understood. In this study, we identify a critical period for the development of ASD-relevant behaviors in a cerebellar male mouse model of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), by using the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, rapamycin, to pharmacologically inhibit dysregulated downstream signaling. We find independent critical periods during which abnormal ASD-relevant behaviors develop for the two core ASD diagnostic criteria, social impairments and behavioral flexibility, and delineate an anatomic, physiological, and behavioral framework. These findings not only further our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying the timing of ASD-relevant behaviors but also have the capacity to inform potential therapies to optimize treatment interventions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNo targeted treatments currently exist for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This complex developmental disorder has established links to genetic and circuit aberrations, yet the precise timing and coordination of these underlying mechanisms that contribute to the spectrum of physiological and behavioral abnormalities remains unclear. Cerebellar pathology is consistently seen in ASD individuals; therefore, we sought to identify the specific windows for cerebellar involvement in the development of ASD-relevant behaviors. Using pharmacologic treatment paradigms, we outline distinct critical periods of developmental vulnerability for ASD-relevant social and inflexible behaviors. From this study, we posit a refined window of time during which ASD symptoms develop that will inform therapeutic timing.
PERSEPSI CALON GURU KIMIA MENGENAI LITERASI DIGITAL SEBAGAI KETERAMPILAN ABAD 21
Authors: Mawarni Puspa , Milama Burhanudin , Sholihat Rizqy Nur
Published: February 2022

Calon guru sebagai kunci utama keberhasilan penggunaan teknologi di sekolah ke depannya harus mampu membangun literasi digital. Berbagai penelitian telah dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk mengasah kemampuan literasi digital ini, salah satunya dengan mengetahui sejauh mana pemahaman masyarakat mengenai literasi digital melalui persepsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi calon guru kimia mengenai literasi digital sebagai keterampilan abad 21. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan instrumen berbentuk angket. Responden merupakan mahasiswa pendidikan kimia Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta angkatan 2016, 2017, dan 2018. Data penelitian diperoleh dari jawaban 187 orang responden terhadap angket yang diberikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada komponen literasi media dan informasi calon guru kimia memiliki persepsi yang sangat baik dengan persentase rata-rata sebesar 81,06%, begitupun pada komponen literasi TIK, calon guru kimia memiliki kriteria persepsi yang sangat baik dengan nilai persentase sebesar sebesar 84,47%. Dengan demikian, dapat diketahui bahwa secara keseluruhan persepsi calon guru kimia mengenai literasi digital memiliki kriteria persepsi yang sangat baik dengan hasil persentase rata-rata dari keseluruhan indikatornya sebesar 82,19%.Â
The Effectiveness of Classical Guidance with Reinforcement and Cooperative Play Techniques to Promote Prosocial Behavior
Authors: Farahmita Farahmita , Puji Sugiharto Dwi Yuwono , Awalya Awalya
Published: February 2022

Students are expected to have high prosocial behavior. However, the fact shows that most of theirs are still low indicated by being less sensitive to friend’s conditions, being unsympathetic, having a low sense of charity, dishonesty, disrespecting others’ rights and welfare. Thus, this study attempted to examine the effectiveness of classical guidance with reinforcement technique, cooperative play technique, and the combination of reinforcement and cooperative play techniques to promote students’ prosocial behavior. Non-Equivalent Control Group Design was employed by involving 47 Junior High School students in grades VII, VIII, and IX. Once the analysis has been conducted, the Wilcoxon test showed that the classical guidance with both techniques were effective to promote prosocial behavior, namely reinforcement technique gained (Z = -3,25, p <0, 05), and cooperative play technique gained (Z = -2,27, p <0, 05). In the same way, the combination of those techniques was effective to promote students’ prosocial behavior by having the results of (Z = -3.40, p <0.05). To discover any differences in the effectiveness, the researchers used Kruskal Wallis test. This test revealed that the difference between the three techniques was v (x² = 7.67, p <0.05). These findings are expected to provide input for counselors by providing classical guidance services with reinforcement and cooperative play techniques to promote prosocial behavior.
The Counseling Group of Anger Management and Social Skills Training Techniques to Reduce Physical Aggression Behavior
Authors: Emansi Saliha Era Annisa , Eddy Wibowo Mungin , Awalya Awalya
Published: February 2022

Adolescent development aspects that must be attain in overcoming problems are having emotional maturity, intellectuality and awareness of social responsibility so it is not to trigger new conflicts. However, the reality is conflict that often occur in dealing with a problem tend to appear negative behavior, especially physical aggressive behavior. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of group counseling of anger management techniques and social skills training techniques to reduce physical aggression in junior high school students. A total of 21 students were involved in experimental research using randomized pretest posttest comparison group design. The analysis of the results of Wilcoxon and Kruskal Wallis shows that group counseling of anger management techniques, social skills training techniques and a combination of the two techniques are effective in reducing students' physical aggression behavior. Combining anger management and social skills training group counseling techniques are more effective in reducing students' physical aggression behavior compared to the self-management technique group and social skills training. This study recommends the integration of anger management techniques and social skills training techniques to reduce physical aggression in junior high school students.
San Pedro el Alto, Oaxaca, México: ejemplo de manejo forestal comunitario que detona avance socioeconómico
Authors: Serrano-Ramírez Elizabeth , Valdez-Lazal José René , De los Santos-Posadas Héctor Manuel , Mora-Gutiérrez Roman Anselmo , Ángeles-Pérez Gregorio , Hernández-Cortez Raúl Moisés
Published: February 2022

El manejo forestal comunitario en México es un esquema de aprovechamiento forestal que promueve el desarrollo local, principalmente en comunidades de escasos recursos. Éste les permite aminorar sus condiciones de marginación y preservar la biodiversidad ecosistémica de sus bosques, además de su riqueza cultural. Para conocer el impacto de este tipo de gestión en las comunidades que lo han adoptado; en este trabajo se presenta la caracterización socioeconómica de San Pedro el Alto, comunidad que ha ejecutado exitosamente un manejo forestal comunitario por alrededor de 35 años. Se recabó información socioeconómica a través de una encuesta conformada por variables referentes a ingreso, educación, empleo, salud y vivienda. Los resultados indican que la gestión forestal empleada por la comunidad se refleja positivamente en nivel de vida de sus habitantes, preservando además sus rasgos culturales. No obstante, también se identificaron importantes áreas de mejora, como el rezago educativo en su población juvenil.
Anatomical and radiographic study on the appendicular skeleton of the Tamandua mexicana
Authors: Calvo Varela Ariana , Hernández Valerio Mauren , Villalobos Morales Dominique , Fernández Mesén Alison , Alpizar Moreno Katherina , Salas Zamora Dennis , Miranda Fernández Daniel , Chaverri Esquivel Laura , Passos Pequeno Andréia
Published: February 2022

Tamandua mexicana species has an important role in the natural ecosystem as a pest controller, feeding on insects such as termites. One of the main anatomical adaptations that this species has undergone has been to its thoracic extremities. Having detailed knowledge regarding the osteology of the thoracic limbs of T. mexicana provides a strong base for its application in clinical-surgical practice. In addition to collaborating with the greater understanding of animal physiology and behavior. Because there was a lack of description about the appendicular skeleton anatomy of this species, the objective of this investigation was to describe the osteology and the radiographic anatomy of the appendicular skeleton of the T. mexicana. The bones used belonging to the appendicular skeleton of two specimens of T. mexicana were properly cleaned using standard boiling and maceration techniques. The morphometry of the bones was performed using a measuring tape, pachymeter, and radiographies. With this study, it was possible to identify and describe the anatomical peculiarities such as the presence of the double scapular spine that shapes the caudolateral fossa, and at the end of the humerus, the supratrochlear foramen, in addition to a markedly prominent medial epicondyle. In addition, a difference was observed between metacarpal bones and the phalanges of the third digit compared to the other ones, as it is significantly thicker. These findings reinforced the evidence that a certain degree of anatomical specialization is a result of an adaptation of this species to its environment and diet. The knowledge provided by research like this contributes to the improvement of surgical techniques and diagnostic approach in the species.
Manejo del escurrimiento de aguas pluviales desde la perspectiva de los servicios ecosistémicos. Análisis de su abordaje en ciudades capitales de la Argentina
Authors: Zapperi Paula Andrea , Montico Anabella
Published: February 2022

La incorporación del enfoque de los servicios ecosistémicos, en la planificación de los espacios urbanos, contribuye con la mitigación el impacto hidrológico de la urbanización. Bajo esta premisa, el objetivo del trabajo fue analizar las reglamentaciones asociadas al manejo de aguas pluviales en la capital nacional y las capitales provinciales de la Argentina y reconocer así, antecedentes en la implementación de políticas, que favorezcan la provisión del servicio ecosistémico de regulación hídrica. Para ello, se revisaron de ordenanzas y códigos de zonificación. Los resultados obtenidos se agruparon en: indicadores urbanísticos, zonificaciones y medidas de infraestructura verde. Si bien, el 87,5% de las ciudades analizadas presenta algún tipo de medida urbanística, relacionada con el servicio ecosistémico de regulación hídrica en la mayoría de los casos, no existe una mención explícita. Esto dificulta la cuantificación, su nivel de provisión servicio y, por lo tanto, su incorporación efectiva en los instrumentos de planificación.
Mining environmental liabilities: a potential source of metal contamination for freshwater ecosystems in Costa Rica
Authors: Rojas-Conejo Johanna , Picado Pavón Francisco , Suárez Serrano Andrea , Van Gestel Cornelis A. M. , Golcher Benavides Christian , Durán Sanabria Guillermo
Published: February 2022

Metal mining in Costa Rica, and use of toxic substances in this activity, has occasionally resulted in the negligent abandonment of waste structures containing significant amounts of toxic metals. These structures have been exposed to oxidation and weathering, resulting in the environmental release of metals, thus affecting the quality of the surrounding freshwater ecosystems. The objective of the investigation was to determine to what extent the abandoned mining liabilities in Líbano de Tilarán, Guanacaste, are a potential source of metal contamination for the waters, sediments and benthic macroinvertebrates of the San José and Cañas Rivers. The possible consequences for the environment associated with the presence of mining wastes were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed through the amounts of metals present in the wastes and leachate. Infiltration tests were carried out and a wet cell kinetic test allowed describing the processes and chemical reactions that are likely to occur in mining wastes during rain, associated with the loading of metals in leachate. The presence of pyrite (FeS2), which favors the acidification of the medium and the release of metals, was shown by X-ray diffraction tests on samples of the waste materials. The results show a high content of metals (37.8 tons of lead, 20.2 tons of arsenic and 0.4 tons of cadmium) from the total of ~106 000 tons in mining liabilities, the solubilization of these and other metals in an oxidizing acid medium (pH: 4.16, EC: 3620 µs / cm and ORP: 275 mV) during the dry-rainy season transition and an important load of metals (277 kg / month of zinc, 234 kg / month of magnesium, 165 kg / month of aluminum, 96.1 kg / month of iron, 2.68 kg / month of cadmium, 0.90 kg / month of arsenic and 0.22 kg / month of lead) in leachates arriving to the San José River in September. This investigation showed that the abandoned mining liabilities in Líbano are a potential source of metal contamination for the surrounding freshwater ecosystems.
Consistencia, homogeneidad y distribución de la precipitación pluvial y temperatura, Región Sierra de Amula, Jalisco, México
Authors: Olguin López Jose Luis , Chávez-De La Lima Jonatan Daniel , Guevara-Gutiérrez Rubén Darío , Mancilla-Villa Óscar Raúl , Palomera-García Carlos , Cruz-Sandoval Gerardo
Published: February 2022

De la base de datos de 34 años de las 92 estaciones distribuidas en la región Sierra de Amula en el estado de Jalisco–México se estimaron los datos mensuales faltantes de precipitación y temperatura a través de los métodos de media aritmética, regresión lineal simple y la técnica de la U.S. National Weather Service. La estimación de la consistencia y homogeneidad de esta base se realizó a través del análisis de doble masa, t de Student y Cramer, procesados mediante los Sistemas de Información Geográfica. Se rellenaron datos faltantes de hasta 36,036 para precipitación y 9,730 para temperatura, se presentaron errores de consistencia de los datos de precipitación en 10 meses, a excepción de julio y agosto, con una R2=0.99 (α=0.05); para la temperatura fue de R2=1 y una predicción y confianza al 100%. Se encontraron valores de t de Student y Cramer inferiores a 1.56, situación que determina homogeneidad y calidad (R2=0.99). El mejor método para interpolar la precipitación fue polynomial interpolation, para temperatura fue J-Bessel con una confiabilidad cercana a 100%.
Estado del arte de la evaluación de la política pública de planeación territorial ambiental en Colombia
Authors: Garcia-Cabana Andrea Carolina
Published: February 2022

La evaluación de política pública ha planteado diferentes desafíos que buscan mejorar el desempeño de la gestión pública, para lograrlo lo hace a través de la medición sistemática de la operacióno impacto de los programas o políticas públicas, que al ser comparadas con estándares implícitos oexplícitos permite contribuir a su mejoramiento (Weiss, 1998). El presente artículo realiza la revisión del estado de la literatura existente, frente a la evaluación de políticas públicas de planeaciónterritorial ambiental en Colombia. Para ello, se procedió a realizar una revisión metódica de losartículos publicados en revistas indexadas, en las bases de datos SciELO.org y EBSCO InformationServices en el período comprendido entre el año 1995 y 2020, período en el cual, se pueden encontrar adelantos de evaluación a las políticas implementadas, a partir de la Constitución Política deColombia de 1991. Para el análisis de la información, se revisaron los artículos que respondieronprincipalmente, a las temáticas de evaluación de políticas públicas y planeación territorial ambiental en Colombia. Como resultado de la investigación, se obtuvo el estado de arte de la evaluaciónde política pública en el tema específico de planeación territorial ambiental en Colombia y se establecieron algunas recomendaciones, para fortalecer la divulgación de los procesos de evaluación depolítica pública en el país.
Estimación de la deformación superficial de las laderas del volcán Turrialba (Costa Rica) después de una erupción mediante interferometría diferenciar de imágenes radar de apertura sintética (SAR) Sentinel 1A.
Authors: Martínez-Barbáchano Rubén
Published: February 2022

La interferometría diferencial con radar de apertura sintética (SAR) es una técnica conocida en teledetección por sus aplicaciones en la generación de modelos digitales del terreno y el monitoreo de deformaciones de la corteza terrestre. Esta técnica se basa en la fase, un parámetro presente en las imágenes SAR y sensible a la topografía del terreno. Las diferencias de fase se relacionan con cambios de elevación ocurridos entre dos barridos del satélite sobre un mismo espacio. Para la obtención de información topográfica se requiere un modelo digital del terreno y la diferencia de fase permite realizar estimaciones de desplazamiento vertical del terreno con precisiones superiores a 1 centímetro. El presente trabajo permitió estimar la deformación superficial experimentada en la ladera oeste del cráter del volcán Turrialba tras la erupción del 1 de agosto de 2020. Para ello se utilizaron varias imágenes captadas por el sensor Sentinel 1A, de la Agencia Espacial Europea.
Geomorfología del cantón de Siquirres, Costa Rica
Authors: Arroyo-González Luis Nelson
Published: February 2022

Este artículo forma parte de un diagnóstico ambiental que representa una sección de un levantamiento para el Plan Regulador de Siquirres. Con el propósito de caracterizar aspectos geológicos y geomorfológicos, se acude al uso de reportes técnicos, mapas temáticos, fotografías aéreas y trabajo de campo. Se realiza una delimitación y clasificación de formas de relieve; las cuales una vez individualizadas, se les describen tipos de amenazas naturales potenciales. Este levantamiento es un insumo para las tareas de ordenamiento del territorio cantonal mediante el Plan Regulador.
Mathematical Creative Thinking Ability and Self-Efficacy: A Mixed-Methods Study involving Indonesian Students
Authors: Rahayuningsih Sri , Nurhusain Muhammad , Indrawati Nenny
Published: February 2022

With regard to creativity in mathematics, scholars tend to focus on the logical realm, which includes fluency, flexibility, and originality while overlooking the value of the affective domain, which includes self-efficacy, beliefs, and attitudes. The objectives of this study were 1) to investigate the extent to which self-efficacy affects students’ mathematical creative thinking ability; and 2) to determine the characteristics of students with high mathematical creative thinking ability and high self-efficacy. A mixed-method approach, that combined semi-structured interviews, and correlation analysis was employed to investigate the effect of self-efficacy on students’ mathematical creative thinking ability. The participants of the study were selected from junior high schools (JHS) in the city of Makassar. Ninety-six students (42 boys and 54 girls, aged 14 years old) completed a questionnaire assessing their mathematics self-efficacy. In general, the results proved that self-efficacy had an effect on JHS students’ mathematical creative thinking ability. This study also revealed that students with high self-efficacy are more likely to possess high mathematical creative thinking ability and vice versa. The characteristics of students with high mathematical creative thinking ability and high self-efficacy include excessive anxiety, reliance on key experiences, such as the ability to generate ideas (cognitive novelty), the ability to propose various solutions (cognitive variety), and the ability to change perceptions (cognitive framing).
Ozonoterapia w leczeniu rany po operacji plastyki sztywnego palucha – opis przypadku
Authors: Pasek Jarosław , Pasek Tomasz , Kucharzewski Marek , Cieślar Grzegorz
Published: February 2022

Rany trudno gojące się stanowią istotny problem zdrowotny w populacji światowej. Właściwa diagnoza i odpowiednie leczenie są niezbędne w celu przyspieszenia ich gojenia oraz zapobiegania dalszym powikłaniom. Z dotychczasowych doświadczeń klinicznych wynika, że w przypadku wielu ran trudno gojących się o różnej etiologii jedynie kompleksowe postępowanie terapeutyczne skraca czas trwania leczenia, łagodzi cierpienie pacjentów, zmniejsza liczbę powikłań oraz ogranicza ryzyko wystąpienia ewentualnych powtórnych hospitalizacji. Szerokie możliwości terapeutyczne zabiegów fizykalnych powodują, iż metody te wykorzystywane są coraz częściej w wielu dziedzinach medycyny. Dotyczy to m.in. coraz bardziej powszechnego stosowania zabiegów ozonoterapii, jako metody wspomagającej leczenie ran. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono wyniki leczenia 51-letniego pacjenta po zabiegu operacyjnym plastyki sztywnego palucha, u którego po zastosowaniu 20 zabiegów miejscowej ozonoterapii uzyskano całkowite zagojenie niegojącej się rany pooperacyjnej. Zastosowana terapia fizykalna spowodowała również całkowite ustąpienie dolegliwości bólowych oraz zmniejszenie przekrwienia skóry i intensywności stanu zapalnego tkanek wokół rany. Uzyskane wyniki leczenia wskazują, że ozonoterapia może stanowić przydatną metodę wspomagającą leczenie ran po zabiegach operacyjnych.
60 Years of Databases (part two)
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Reznichenko V.A.
Published: February 2022

The article provides an overview of research and development of databases since their appearance in the 60s of the last century to the present time. The following stages are distinguished: the emergence formation and rapid development, the era of relational databases, extended relational databases, post-relational databases and big data. At the stage of formation, the systems IDS, IMS, Total and Adabas are described. At the stage of rapid development, issues of ANSI/X3/SPARC database architecture, CODASYL proposals, concepts and languages of conceptual modeling are highlighted. At the stage of the era of relational databases, the results of E. Codd’s scientific activities, the theory of dependencies and normal forms, query languages, experimental research and development, optimization and standardization, and transaction management are revealed. The extended relational databases phase is devoted to describing temporal, spatial, deductive, active, object, distributed and statistical databases, array databases, and database machines and data warehouses. At the next stage, the problems of post-relational databases are disclosed, namely, NOSQL-, NewSQL- and ontological databases. The sixth stage is devoted to the disclosure of the causes of occurrence, characteristic properties, classification, principles of work, methods and technologies of big data. Finally, the last section provides a brief overview of database research and development in the Soviet Union.
Information technology to ensure the survivability of sensor networks
Authors:   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Petrivskyi V.Y. , Shevchenko V.L. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Bychkov O.S. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Sinitsyn I.P. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2022

In the modern technological world, sensors and sensor networks are widely used in the all spheres of human activity. One of the key engineering tasks in the design of sensor networks is to ensure the survivability of the network. The article presents algorithms for ensuring the survivability of sensor networks based on a preliminary assessment of this property. Estimation of survivability depends on the network topology. Increasing the survivability of the sensor network is achieved by including additional sensors in the network. An algorithm for finding the position of additional sensors in the stationary sensor network is proposed. Proposed approach takes into account the radius of coverage of the sensors and the need for the intersection of the coverage areas of the sensors to ensure the exchange of information. An iterative algorithm for ensuring the survivability of the network in the presence and consideration of dynamic sensors is presented. The results of computer simulation experiments presented in the paper confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
The Religion of Shinran Shōnin (1173–1262)
Authors: Gesshō Sasaki
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, Gesshō explains the religion of Shinran Shōnin 親鸞聖人 (1173–1262), that is, the teaching of the Shin Sect, as summarized by one word, “faith,” which is one of the four subjects treated in his principal work known as the Doctrine, Practice, Faith, and Attainment.
The Triple Body of the Buddha
Authors: Chizen Akanuma
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, Chizen emphasizes the rapid growth of Buddhism in India was chiefly due to the greatness of the Buddha’s own personality and teachings, leading his disciples to increase their commitment and faith in Buddhism.
Ekonomi Politik Lembaga Komunikasi
Authors: Arianto Arianto
Published: February 2022

Lembaga media komunikasi dinilai sebagai bagiandari sistem ekonomi yang juga bertalian erat dengansistem politik. Kualitas pengetahuan tentangmasyarakat, yang diproduksi oleh media untukmasyarakat, sebagian besar dapat ditentukan oleh nilaitukar pelbagai ragam isi dalam kondisi yang memaksakanperluasan pasar, dan juga ditentukan oleh kepentinganekonomi para pemilik dan penentu kebijakan.Berbagai kepentingan tersebut berkaitan dengankebutuhan untuk memperoleh keuntungan dari hasil kerjalembaga media dan juga dengan keinginan bidang usahalainnya untuk memperoleh keuntungan, sebagai akibatdari adanya kecenderungan monopolistis dan prosesintegrasi, secara vertikal maupun horizontal. Ekonomipolitik mencakup komodifikasi, spasialisasi(spatialization) dan strukturasi (structuration).Ekonomi politik berkaitan dengan kajian budaya dankajian kebijakan. Kajian ekonomi politik adalah salahsatu pintu masuk untuk mempelajari media komunikasi,dimana dipelajari diantara totalitas masyarakat secaraluas.
Don Winslow, autor de un clásico y otras obras dentro de la narconarrativa mexicano-estadounidense (una guía para forasteros)
Authors:   Universidad Veracruzana, García Niño Arturo E.
Published: February 2022

Anclado en lo que se ha dado en llamar la narconarrativa, una expresión literaria binacional fronteriza compartida por México y Estados Unidos, se encuentra Don Winslow, quien con su novela El poder del perro catapultó y cimentó el enunciado subgénero literario para, de ahí, generar otras novelas que tienen al crimen organizado, y sus relaciones con el mundo empresarial y político, como protagonista y tópico, así como a la frontera como espacio donde se desarrollan los hechos narrados. Y sobre la narconarrativa, sobre el autor enunciado, su obra y el contexto binacional versa el análisis aquí incluido
Maestros y maestras en la narrativa de Posguerra y Democracia (imágenes didácticas de lectura y escritura)
Authors:   Universidad de Zaragoza, Ezpeleta Aguilar Fermín
Published: February 2022

La narrativa española desde la inmediata posguerra hasta la Democracia suministra al investigador material valioso acerca de las prácticas educativas de la escuela primaria del momento y de la época inmediatamente anterior. A partir de un corpus representativo de unas cuarenta obras que contienen personajes maestras o maestros en el desempeño de su oficio, pero que inciden de modo especial en la educación lectora o literaria de los escolares, se tratará de mostrar cómo son percibidos por los escritores unos usos didácticos que surgen a partir del currículo de enseñanza primaria y que descansan sobre alumnos y profesores. Cruzados todos estos datos, y observados en el panorama, aportarán claves para entender aspectos de la historia de la educación lectora de las últimas generaciones
Regional Onomastic Vocabulary in Linguaculturological Studies
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Koroleva Inna
Published: February 2022

The article considers the possibility of implementing an integrated approach to the representation of a toponym in reference systems and databases, taking its linguistic and cultural specifics into account. It is shown that their informative field contains both linguistic and encyclopedic information, it is revealed that various information is encoded in the basics of toponyms: historical, geographical, social, cultural, ethnographic, linguistic aspects. Based on the material of the toponyms of Smolensk region, which are included in the electronic information system "Toponymy of Russia", created at the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the implementation of an integrated approach in the presentation of a meaningful plan of toponyms is demonstrated. Cultural codes, which are contained in toponyms and reflect the national and cultural specifics of geographical names are characterized: anthropomorphic, faunal, spiritual, industrial (landscape), topomorphic (hydromorphic), emotional and characteristic, and cases of combining different codes in one toponym are described. Special attention is paid to cultural codes reflected in toponymic units with the names of geographical objects of the Russian-Belarusian border area. As a result of the conducted research, it is proposed to include information about cultural codes in the description of toponyms and present it as a separate parameter in the information system "Toponymy of Russia", which will allow users to expand their knowledge about the nominated object and its national and cultural specifics.
Foundation Phase teachers’ experiences of teaching the subject, coding, in selected Western Cape schools
Authors: Geldenhuys Cindy Jean , Fataar Aslam
Published: February 2022

Several teachers have recently started introducing coding into their teaching in primary schools. This comes on the back of the emerging prominence of educational technology and the teaching of computational skills at school level, in light of the country’s policy commitment to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Coding has been punted as 1 of 2 essential subjects to be launched in schools countrywide from 2020; the other being robotics. In this article we focus on the implementation of coding as a subject in selected Foundation Phase classes in the Western Cape. We aim to gain an understanding of coding as a subject from the perspective of teachers who are implementing this very new subject in the Foundation Phase. We specifically discuss the experiences and challenges of teachers who have been teaching the subject over the last few years, based on in-depth qualitative interviews with 4 Foundation Phase teachers. Overall, we provide a set of considerations for the optimal implementation of coding as a subject in Foundation Phase in South African schools. The participants’ experiences highlight the challenges associated with implementation, teachers’ pedagogical skills and competences, and resource requirements. We raise the following areas that need to be addressed for the successful implementation of coding: professional development addressing teaching methodologies on the development of computational thinking skills in young learners, providing support for teachers, addressing time constraints in the teaching of the subject, and providing resources.
Applicability of two standard setting methods for enhancing the reporting of assessment results within the South African education context
Authors: Moloi Qetelo , Kanjee Anil
Published: February 2022

The study reported on here contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the use of standard setting methods for improving the reporting and utility value of assessment results in South Africa as well as for addressing the conceptual shortcomings of the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) reporting framework. Using data from the “verification” version of the Annual National Assessments (ANAs), we explored relevant technical and conceptual factors to consider for the application of standard setting methods. Two sets of panellists were trained to generate cut scores for Grade 6 mathematics and English First Additional Language (FAL), one using the Angoff method and the other the Objective Standard Setting (OSS) method. The findings indicate that the 2 methods generated different sets of cut scores across the performance levels for both subjects. While these cut scores had significant implications for the percentage of learners classified at each performance level, they were consistent with findings from other studies. We also identified 4 key factors to address when undertaking standard setting exercises: engagement with test content, resource requirements, requisite expertise and software, and collective accountability. We conclude that standard setting approaches should be the preferred option to the CAPS reporting framework when reporting assessment results in South Africa. More importantly, the decision on the most appropriate method for the South African context depends largely on the extent to which the 4 key factors identified can be addressed.
“Pegar” ou “passar ”: medos entre profissionais da linha de frente da COVID-19
Authors: Horta Rogerio Lessa , Lucini Thaís Caroline Guedes , Lantin Pedro José Sartorelli , Perdonssini Laura de Brizola , Sette Talia Greici , Bittencourt Michele Cristina , Barbosa Marcus Levi Lopes , Camargo Eduardo Guimarães
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre a realização de testes para detectar COVID-19 e indícios de sofrimento psíquico, estresse e burnout entre profissionais de saúde da linha de frente da pandemia em um hospital geral. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo de abordagem mista usando SRQ-20, PSS, OBI e entrevistas em profundidade em série de três entrevistas em 2020. Resultados: Prevalências preocupantes de escores elevados de SRQ20, Burnout e Estresse Percebido ocorreram nas três entrevistas, e o registro de testes realizados foi crescente no período estudado, mas não houve associação entre desfechos e realização de testes para detectar COVID-19. Os temores de contrair a doença e de ser transmissor do vírus apareceram como os principais estressores para profissionais de saúde, mantidos apesar da realização de testes. Conclusões: Nesse grupo, testes realizados não se mostraram suficientes para modificar os efeitos psicossociais da atividade em linha de frente sobre profissionais de saúde.
Influence of Islamic religion and spirituality on the well-being and quality of life of cancer patients: a meta-analysis and a hypothetical model of cerebral mechanisms
Authors: Rodrigues-Sobral Monique Machado , Carneiro Lara S. F. , Pupe Camila Castelo Branco , Nascimento Osvaldo José Moreira do , Sampaio Cristina Andrade , Monteiro Junior Renato Sobral
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To systematically analyze quantitative data about the effects of religion/spirituality and the well-being/quality of life of cancer patients. The second aim was to hypothesize a neurophysiological model of the association between religion/spirituality and the brain. Methods: This study met the PRISMA Statement and was registered at PROSPERO database. Randomized and Controlled trials investigating religion/spirituality and well-being/quality of life of cancer patients were included. Based on neuroimaging and neurophysiology studies, a neuroanatomical model was developed to hypothesize the relationship between neuroscience and religion/spirituality. Results: A large effect size was found on the improvement of well-being/quality of life (SMD = 3.90 [2.43-5.38], p < 0.01). Heterogeneity was high among studies (I2 = 98%, p < 0.01). Specific regions of the brain, such as the temporal lobes, amygdalae and hippocampus, regions from the limbic system, were hypothesized to take part in the religion/spirituality phenomena and the well-being/quality of life improvement. Conclusion: Religion/spirituality intervention, mainly the Islamic, promotes an improvement on well-being/quality of life of cancer patients.
Notas de um pensamento da circulação e da travessia em Achille Mbembe
Authors: Silva Alex Sander da , Mwewa Christian Muleka
Published: February 2022

Resumo: Neste ensaio, pretende-se uma aproximação crítica e interpretativa sobre o conceito de “devir negro”, na atualidade, trazido, sobretudo, pelo pensador camaronês Achille Mbembe. Seu pensamento se insere num contexto de fluidez da compreensão desses temas, a partir da lógica capitalista, no continente africano e no mundo. Dessa maneira, buscou-se refletir acerca da constituição do pensamento de Mbembe e da forma como ele compreendeu as práticas de governamentabilidade, na superação da dominação colonial. Defende-se que é preciso afirmar-se negro, para negar o lugar que lhe foi imputado, ou seja, empreender um processo de negação para um “devir”. Portanto, negar-se como “o outro” do “outro”, mas, sim, afirmar-se como seu igual na diferença. Com efeito, a estereotipia negativa contra o negro e o aprofundamento das diferenças entre os grupos étnicos ganham novas e outras dimensões, em função do modo de exploração capitalista.
Ubuntu como modo de vida: contribuição da filosofia africana para pensar a democracia
Authors: Dju Antonio Oliveira , Muraro Darcísio Natal
Published: February 2022

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a noção do Ubuntu como contribuição para pensar a democracia, especialmente a crise que esta enfrenta, no Brasil, da atual realidade histórica de intolerância, discriminação racial, exclusão social e desumanização. Para isso, levanta-se a seguinte questão: pode a África contribuir para o pensamento da democracia, pela sua filosofia de vida expressa em Ubuntu? A primeira parte do texto analisa o conceito de Ubuntu, destacando seu caráter filosófico. A segunda parte desenvolve duas características estruturais do Ubuntu: a comunidade e a tolerância. A metodologia de pesquisa se caracteriza como um trabalho bibliográfico, cujo aporte é a análise filosófica da expressão Ubuntu, fundamentada no modo de vida africano, a partir das obras de Ramose: African Philosophy Through Ubuntu (2005); de Gyekye: Person and Community in African Thought (2003). Entende-se que compreender Ubuntu como um modo de vida africano, baseado na interdependência, interconstituição, interconexão e inter-humanização é cooperar para pensar a democracia como modo de vida ético, social e político, o qual reconhece e considera o(s) outro(s) como sujeito(s) de diferenças que possibilitam a humanização.
Reflexões Sul-Americanas: em defesa do filosofar abaixo do Equador
Authors: Costa Abraão Lincoln Ferreira
Published: February 2022

Resumo: Com o auxílio do acadêmico e filósofo Julio Ramon Cabrera, o presente artigo desenvolve o estudo sobre uma filosofia desde o Brasil, dividindo-se em três momentos: primeiro, a denúncia contra os efeitos paralisantes causados a partir da colonização europeia, tendo assim obstaculizado há bastante tempo a atividade filosófica, nos países latino-americanos; segundo, a exposição dos elementos teóricos capazes de desconstruir a visão eurocêntrica da Filosofia e, por último, a apresentação da “ética negativa” cabreriana enquanto modelo de um pensar para além do regionalismo. O objetivo dessa investigação é corroborar a viabilidade de produções autóctones, cuja qualidade das pesquisas acadêmicas brasileiras garanta, sem qualquer margem de dúvidas, uma profícua interlocução junto aos filósofos já consagrados na tradição ocidental.