bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-classical-to-classical carbocation equilibria influence the stereospecificity in the nucleophilic substitution of cyclopropylcarbinols
Authors: Larmore Sean , Champagne Pier Alexandre
Published: September 2022

The synthesis of quaternary homoallylic halides and trichloroacetates from cyclopropylcarbinols, as reported by Marek in 2020 (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 5543-5548), is one of the few reported examples of stereospecific nucleophilic substitution on chiral non-classical carbocations. However, for the phenyl-substituted substrates the stereoselectivity of the reaction is lost and a mixture of diastereomers is obtained. In order to understand the nature of the intermediates in-volved in this transformation and explain the loss of selectivity for certain substrates, we have performed a Density Func-tional Theory investigation of the reaction mechanism at the ωB97X-D/Def2TZVPP and M06-2X/Def2TZVPP levels of theory. Our results indicate that non-classical cyclopropylcarbinyl cations are stable intermediates in this reaction, while bicyclobutonium structures are high-energy transition structures and as such are not involved, regardless of the substitu-ent pattern on the substrate. Instead, multiple rearrangement pathways of cyclopropylcarbinyl cations have been located, including rotations around their π-bonds and ring openings to classical homoallylic cations. Importantly, the relative energies of these homoallylic cations and of the activation barriers to reach them are correlated to the nature of the sub-stituents. While direct nucleophilic attack on the chiral cyclopropylcarbinyl cation is kinetically favored for most sys-tems, the rearrangements become competitive with nucleophilic attack for the phenyl-substituted systems, leading to a loss of selectivity through a mixture of rearranged carbocation intermediates. As such, it appears that stereospecific reac-tions of chiral non-classical cyclopropylcarbinyl cations depend on the ability of these cations to access classical homoallylic structures, from which selectivity is not guaranteed.
The structure of a pentachromium(II) extended metal atom chain at 3 K: Cotton’s conjecture proven
Authors: Cornia Andrea , Nicolini Alessio , McMonagle Charles J. , Probert Michael R.
Published: September 2022

We provide definitive experimental proof that prototypical string-like compound [Cr5(tpda)4(NCS)2] has alternating long and short Cr-Cr separations in the solid state, as conjectured by F. A. Cotton, rather than essentially equally spaced Cr atoms, as initially claimed (H2tpda = N2,N6-di(pyridin-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-diamine). Single-crystal X-ray data collected from 292 to 3 K revealed that the misinterpretation is caused by pseudo-merohedral twinning and that bond length alternation is enhanced at low temperature.
X-ray Emission Spectroscopy of Single Protein Crystals Yields Insights into Heme Enzyme Intermediates
Authors: Emamian Sahand , Ireland Kendra , Purohit Vatsal , McWhorter Kirklin , Maximova Olga , Allen Winter , Jensen Scott , Casa Diego , Pushkar Yulia , Davis Katherine
Published: September 2022

Enzyme reactivity is often enhanced by changes in oxidation state, spin state, and metal-ligand covalency of associated metallocofactors. The development of spectroscopic methods for studying these processes coincidentally with structural rearrangements is essential for elucidating metalloenzyme mechanisms. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of collecting X-ray emission spectra of metalloenzyme crystals at a 3rd generation synchrotron source. In particular, we report the development of a von Hamos spectrometer for the collection of Fe Kβ emission optimized for analysis of dilute biological samples. We further showcase its application in crystals of the immunosuppressive heme-dependent enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Spectra from protein crystals in different states were compared with relevant reference compounds. Complementary density functional calculations assessing covalency support our spectroscopic analysis and identify active site conformations that correlate to high- and low-spin states. These experiments validate the suitability of an X-ray emission approach for determining spin states of previously uncharacterized metalloenzyme reaction intermediates.
Discovery of Iodinated Polyfluoroalkyl Acids by Nontarget Mass-Spectrometric Analysis
Authors: Tang Caiming , Zhu Yizhe , Liang Yutao , Zeng Yanhong , Peng Xianzhi , Mai Bixian , Huang Qingguo , Lin Hui
Published: September 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) including polyfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and polyfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids are a large category of crucial environmental pollutants of global concern. Besides known PFAAs, numerous unknown species may exist in the environment, urgently needing discovery and characterization. This study implemented nontarget analysis for a group of novel PFAA pollutants, viz. iodinated PFAAs (I-PFAAs) in wastewater by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry in combination with an iodine-specific data-processing algorithm. The algorithm took into account of the diagnostic fragment iodine ion (I–) together with carbon and sulfur isotopologue distributions. In total, 21 I-PFAA formulas involving 24 congeners were identified. Semiquantification was conducted, and the total concentrations of I-PFAAs were 1.9-311.9 ng/mL, indicating non-negligible pollution of I-PFAAs in the wastewater. The determined concentrations along with predicted environmental behaviors and toxicities demonstrate that I-PFAAs merit further in-depth investigation. The analytical method including the instrumental analysis and data-processing algorithm can be extended to screening and identification of I-PFAAs in other matrices. Furthermore, the analysis results for the first time provide cognition on the occurrence features and pollution status of I-PFAAs in the environment.
A microfluidic platform for the controlled synthesis of higher-order liquid crystalline nanoparticles
Authors: Pilkington Colin P , Contini Claudia , Barritt Joseph D , Simpson Paul A , Seddon John M , Elani Yuval
Published: September 2022

Soft-matter nanoparticles are of great interest in biotechnology, particularly for fields such as therapeutic delivery and in vivo imaging. Underpinning this is their biocompatibility, potential for selective targeting, attractive pharmacokinetic properties, and amenability to downstream functionalisation. Morphological diversity inherent to soft-matter particles can give rise to enhanced functionality. However, this diversity remains underexplored, and only the simplest of particle architectures (spherical lipid vesicles and lipid/polymer nanoparticles (LNPs)) have been exploited at a clinical level. This is largely due to limitations associated with existing particle synthesis methods that rely on poorly controlled bulk mixing conditions and high-energy input. To address this, we have designed a scalable microfluidic hydrodynamic focusing (MHF) technology for the controllable, rapid, and continuous production of lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) nanoparticles (both cubosomes and hexosomes); colloidal dispersions of higher-order lipid assemblies with intricate internal structures of 3-D and 2-D symmetry. These particles have been proposed as the next generation of soft-matter nano-carriers, with unique fusogenic and physical properties. Using our platform, we produce stable nanoparticles with varied architectural features. Crucially, our microfluidic method gives unprecedented control over LLC size, a feature we go on to exploit in fusogenic studies with model cell membranes, in which a dependency on particle diameter is evident. We believe our platform has the potential to serve as a tool for future studies around non-lamellar soft nanoparticles, and anticipate it to allow for the rapid prototyping of LLC particles of diverse functionality, paving the way toward their eventual uptake at an industrial level.
Risk of malignancy index (RMI) for prediction of malignancy in women with adnexal masses
Authors: Sukanya L
Published: September 2022

Ovarian cancer is predominantly cancer in the perimenopausal and post- menopausal age group. A definitive biomarker has not been identified for malignant ovarian cancer and histopathology remains the diagnostic gold standard for this. Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI) in predicting malignant pelvic masses includes serum CA125 level, menopausal status, and ultrasonographic findings. The risk of malignancy index (RMI) was evaluated in the women presented with adnexal masses for its accuracy in predicting the malignancy. This was a retrospective study which included 120 women who presented with adnexal mass in a tertiary hospital. RMI scoring was done based on CA125 levels, ultrasound findings and postmenopausal status and RMI was correlated with the histopathological findings. Out of 120 subjects, 74.1% of subjects were proved to have malignant tumors. RMI in predicting malignancy showed a sensitivity of 88.76%, a specificity of 45.37%, a positive predictive value of 81.63%, a negative predictive value of 66.67% and an accuracy of RMI found to be 82.5%. The RMI is found to be a simple, cost-effective and reliable tool in predicting malignancy in women presenting with adnexal masses that helps in timely referral to a gynaecological oncology center for better management and survival. RMI scoring can be used as it is a better tool for analysing multiple parameters of the tumour.
Work simplification for home through technology
Authors: Kaphungkui N. K. , Somishon Keishing
Published: September 2022

This work will present one of the applications of infra-red technology for home automation. The objective of this paper is to control independent home electrical appliances through Infrared (IR) based remote control system. The controlling circuit is built around NodeMCU-ESP32, a compact relay module and an IR sensor. Any four General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) pins are selected from the NodeMCU to control four specific applications such as room lighting, automated door locking system, running the water pump and fan. Women specially have a hectic and busy schedule for maintaining all the domestic household activities and they want almost all activities at the click of a button. If they could control those appliances with remote control button from a remote place, life would be at ease and simpler. With the above facts in mind, the present work is carried out to develop a device to simplify the operations of selected household activities to save time, energy and stress free life.
A review of sexual and reproductive health outcomes of female genital mutilation and with the context of covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Salman Muhammad Soomar , Sarmad Muhammad Soomar
Published: September 2022

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is commonly known as female genital cutting or female circumcision. This traditional practice is harmful and practiced in many countries without any fear of worse health outcomes. FGM is linked with worse sexual and reproductive health outcomes and complications through which young girls and women have to go through earlier in the incidence and later in life. These complications include sexual dysfunction, menstrual issues, difficulties with labor and delivery, infections, and infertility. The role of healthcare providers, community stakeholders, and young people is very significant in fighting FGM.
Personality, cognitive flexibility, and motivation among medical professionals during covid-19 pandemic: a correlational study
Authors: Rahul G. Sankruthyayana , Soumonetra Chaudhury , Bishal Patangia , Aishani Ghosh , Ananya R. Kashyap , Janis Maria Antony
Published: September 2022

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare professionals worldwide, by bringing changes in both their personal and professional lives. Motivation has become a driving factor along with cognitive flexibility during such demanding situations. Little importance has been given to the personality dimension while assessing these aspects, especially in the Indian context. The principal aim of this paper is to understand the relationship between personality, cognitive flexibility, and motivation among medical professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic. A correlational research design was used to conduct the research, and a snowball sampling technique was used to collect the data from a sample size of 204 medical professionals, consisting of 101 nurses and 103 doctors, working as frontline workers. The variables were assessed using the Neo Five-Factor Inventory, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, the Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Questionnaire. A nonparametric test of correlation was used. The research findings revealed that among medical professionals, certain personality factors, cognitive flexibility, and motivation share a significant relationship. Cognitive flexibility and motivation were found to be significantly correlated. There was no significant difference in cognitive flexibility and motivation among doctors and nurses. There was a significant difference in neuroticism between the groups. The findings will help in gaining a clearer insight into the needs of medical professionals in India, by facilitating the development of appropriate training interventions for medical professionals to be better equipped for similar crisis situations in the future.
Built Blocks
Authors:   , Wynne Benjamin
Published: September 2022

Background:Skyrocketing house prices and land values have driven the rise of medium density housing in Aotearoa. Tight building codes and high construction cost have resulted in ubiquitous townhouses becoming the go-to architectural typology of medium density. Typical townhouses compress the components of traditional family homes into a compact floor plate. Rooms have hierarchical amenity and low privacy.

The homogenous typology fails to respond to the needs of consumers who are most drawn to medium density housing. The demographics of young adults, empty nesters, and retirees are mostly compatible with increased density. But the current form of medium density architecture in Aotearoa is unresponsive to their specific needs.

Research objectives:Crafting medium density architecture to the requirements of these groups will evolve public perception of medium density from an unpleasant necessary evil to attractive and desirable place to live. Developing housing solutions targeted at Aotearoa’s ageing population will increase their wellbeing whilst freeing up traditional standalone homes for the next generations of kiwi families to enjoy. Designing responses to the needs of young adults will enable cohabitation in an equitable manner. Increasing access to housing through more appealing opportunities for partnered ownership.

Research method:Built examples of compact, prefabricated, and predesigned architectures are reviewed to understand the opportunities and efficiencies of modern building delivery. Informed by the review, prefabricated modules are designed to harness the specific requirements of construction in Aotearoa. The modules are used to develop a set of self-contained and shared housing forms. The predesigned architectural responses are then crafted into targeted outer and inner suburb development proposals.

Potential implications:The current form of medium density architecture in Aotearoa is of high importance. The assent of the Resource Management (Enabling Housing Supply and Other Matters) Amendment Act 2021 in December positions Aotearoa’s cities for a major expansion of medium density housing. However, the current performance of medium density is concerning, driven by low consumer expectations and demands. An innovative and demonstrative architectural response to context and consumers is necessary to evolve performance and perception of medium density architecture in Aotearoa. Evolution is necessary to ensure a prosperous future for our cities and their inhabitants.
Knockdown of KIF3C Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer Cells A549
Authors: Liu Haiwang , Liu Ran , Hao Meiling , Zhao Xing , Li Chunhui
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study is to reveal the role of KIF3C gene in the proliferation of lung cancer cells, and the regulation of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. The plate clone formation assay and cell scratch assay were used in this study to detect the changes of cell proliferation and migration ability after siKIF3C interference, while EMT-related protein expression after KIF3C downregulation was detected by Western blot. The cell clone formation assay showed that the number of clones of lung cancer cells A549 was significantly reduced after transfected with siKIF3C  (P<0.05); The scratch assay showed that the healing ability of cells was significantly reduced after transfected with siKIF3C (P<0.05); Western blot protein analysis revealed that the levels of EMT-related proteins, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, and Slug were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05), however, E-cadherin protein levels were up-regulated after siKIF3C interference. In conclusion, KIF3C may promote the proliferation and invasive ability of lung cancer cells A549 through EMT.
A comparative study of the effect of peeling and drying on phytochemical and proximate composition of ginger varieties in Nepal
Authors: K.C. Mamata , Lamichhane Anuj , Sapkota Saroj
Published: September 2022

The handling and processing of ginger are done by farmers in Nepal by following primitive practices that result in poor and unhygienically processed ginger of low quality. Due to little information on the quality and compositional aspects of ginger and its value-added product (essential oil), there is a need to improve traditional methods of processing and drying for a better quality of ginger and its product. This study aimed to assess the effects of peeling and drying conditions on two local ginger varieties in Nepal. A three-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experiment was laid out at Ginger Research Program, Kapurkot, Salyan, Nepal. Three treatment factors were variety (Bose ginger and Nase ginger varieties), peeling (peeled and unpeeled ginger), and drying methods (direct sun drying and oven drying). After drying ginger rhizomes, the dry recovery percentage was calculated and the dried ginger rhizomes were ground to powder and subjected to laboratory analysis, where essential oil content and proximate composition of ginger powder were evaluated. Then, the extracted essential oil was subjected to GC-MS (Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry) analysis to know the chemical composition of essential oil. The result obtained showed that unpeeled oven-dried gingers retained higher essential oil content (2 %). The moisture content of oven-dried peeled ginger was reduced to 10.49 % which is within the standard of 7-12 % acceptable to the international market unlike that of direct-sun drying which could only attain about 17% moisture content in the study area. Likewise higher dry recovery percentage (22.25%) was observed in unpeeled sun-dried gingers. Ether extract (5.05 %) and crude fiber (5.05 %) were higher in the Nase variety whereas nitrogen-free extract (75.51 %) was more efficient in Bose variety. From the GC-MS analysis of ginger oil, α-Zingiberene (16.61-21 %) was found to be a major chemical constituent of ginger essential oil followed by (E, E)-α-farnesene (8.68-10.99 %) and β-Sesquiphellandrene (8.26-10.23 %). The use of an oven to dry unpeeled ginger will improve the retention of essential oil; However, peeling of ginger showed reduced fiber content in the ginger.
Economics of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production and marketing in Darchula district of Nepal
Authors: Chauhan Bijay , Joshi Dipesh , Banjade Dinanath , Bhatta Bishnu Datt , Awasthi Prateek , Paneru Mukesh , Shrestha Madan , Chand Prakash Bahadur
Published: September 2022

The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a popular root vegetable that is grown all over the world. Potato production is popular in Nepal because of its greater adaptability, high yield potential, and high demand, contributing 6.57 percent to AGDP and 2.17 percent to GDP. In Nepal, it is grown on 197,037 hectares (ha) with a yield of 13.13 metric tons per hectare and a total production of 2,586,287 metric tons. The major objective of our research was to analyze the economics and marketing state of potatoes in Api-Himal rural municipality Darchula, Nepal where a survey on potato production and marketing was conducted. A total of 60 households were randomly sampled and interviewed as the primary source of information for the research. For the residents of Api-Himal RM, there are few options for sustenance and revenue generation. The area is ideal for potato farming, and potato trading has a direct impact on rural communities' livelihoods. The B/C ratio was found to be 1.62 in the research area. The average cost of potato production was Rs. 2,67,319 while the average return was Rs. 4,32,804. The research focuses on the marketing and production of potatoes from the growers to the final customers. Low yield, insect and disease infestation, and a lack of government support are among the issues. To promote the production and marketing of potatoes, availability of improved technology, an extension of technical knowledge, efficient management of marketing channels and substantial financial support by the government as well as local bodies are recommended.
Efficacy of chemical fungicides against the fusarium rhizome rot of Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Authors: Ghimire Madan , Adhikari Nirmal , Puri Suraj , Baral Smriti , Basnet Bibhusha
Published: September 2022

The present investigation was conducted to analyze efficacy of different commercially available fungicides against the Fusarium spp. causing rhizome rot of ginger adopting poison food technique. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 8 treatment and 3 replications. The fungicides SAAF (Carbendazim 12% WP + Mancozeb WP 63%), Nativo (Tebuconazole 50% WP + Trifloxystrobin 25% WP), Caviet (Tebuconazole 25% WP), Kingsin M (Thiophanate –methyl 70%WP), Moximate (Cymoxil 8% WP + Mancozeb 64% WP), Custodia (Azoxystrobin 11% SC + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC), Melody duo (Iprovalicarp 5.5% WP + Probineb 61.5% WP) were used as a treatment for poison food technique. The results of this study indicated that there was a highly significant difference (p≤0.001) among the treatments in mycelial growth of the pathogen and inhibition of pathogen by different fungicides. The maximum mycelial growth of pathogen was observed on control plate (79.67mm) which was followed by melody duo and Moximate with the radial mycelial growth of 57.33mm and 55.83mm, respectively. Whereas the least mycelial growth of pathogen was recorded in SAAF (0.00mm) which was followed by Nativo, Custodia, Caviet and Kingsin M with the radial mycelial growth of 10.33mm, 14.83mm, 15.50, 21.83mm, respectively. Therefore, SAAF fully inhibited the growth of pathogen and found most effective which was followed by Nativo, Custodia, and Caviet with 87.04%, 81.40%, 80.55%, respectively.
Analysis of profitability and effect of factors of production in paddy cultivation in Morang, Nepal
Authors: Basnet Bibhusha , Luitel Gaurab , Sah Ashok , Baral Smriti , Ghimire Madan
Published: September 2022

Paddy is one of the principal food crops in Nepal. Most of the Nepalese farmers are currently utilizing inputs in an unscientific manner due to lack of information about the most efficient use of resources, resulting in low yield and efficiency. This study was conducted for the analysis of profitability and effect of factors of production in paddy cultivation in Morang district of Nepal. A sample of 120 paddy growers were selected from 4350 paddy farmers registered in PMAMP, Rice zone, Morang using Simple Random Sampling Technique. Primary and secondary data were collected using face-to-face interview schedule and reviewing different articles and journals. Data collected were entered, tabulated and analyzed using MS-Excel and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency, and percentage were used to study farmer's socio-economic characteristics while inferential statistics was used in analysing the influence of production factors using Cobb-Douglas production function. The total cost of paddy production, gross income, and net income per hectare was found to be Rs.70,082.65, Rs.1,11,171.23 and Rs.41,088.57 respectively whereas productivity of paddy was found to be 4.32 MT/ha. The BC ratio 1.66 indicates that it is a profitable enterprise. The labor cost contributed most to the variable cost with 45.48%. Moreover, independent variables such as seed, labor and mechanical power contributed significantly to the yield. Therefore, paddy farming should be encouraged among farmers by increasing the availability and affordability of inputs while also improving food security.
Evaluation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for spot blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc) resistance in terai condition of Nepal
Authors: Basnet Roshan , Shrestha Sundar Man , Bandari Deepak , Manandhar Hira Kaji , Thapa Dhruba Bahadur
Published: September 2022

Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a major disease of wheat in warm and humid regions of Nepal. The fungus has a worldwide distribution but as a pathogen, it is the most aggressive under the conditions of high relative humidity and temperature associated with the low fertility of soils in Nepal. The yield loss due to the disease is very significant in Nepal. This experiment was conducted to identify the genotypes having a good level of resistance against spot blotch. The experiment set was received from CIMMYT comprises 52 genotypes and arranged in alpha lattice design with two replications in 2017/18 at National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa, Nepal, and Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal. Each plot size was 8 rows of 2 meters long. Three times disease scoring was done in the double-digit method and calculated the Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Other data were analyzed by using R software (4.2.2). Heading days, days to maturity, plant height, number of grains per spike (NGPS), number of tillers per meter square (NTPM), mean AUDPC, thousand-grain weight (TGW), and grain yield were found highly significant. The genotype 8HLBSN47 was found the highest yielder (4996kg/ha) with a 304 mean AUDPC value. Seventeen genotypes (15.3%) found the lowest mean AUDPC, Penultimate leaf AUDPC, Flag leaf AUDPC, and the highest number of tillers per square meter, number of grains per spike, thousand-grain weight, and grain yield.
Effects of calcium nitrate levels and soaking durations in cocopeat on the growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) apical rooted cuttings
Authors: Gbollie Sheku N. , Mwonga Samuel M. , Kibe Anthony M. , Zolue G. Moses
Published: September 2022

This study evaluated the effects of treating cocopeat with calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) at different soaking durations on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Apical Rooted Cuttings (ARCs) growth and yield parameters. A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out at the Climate and Water Smart Agriculture Centre of Egerton University, Kenya. An air-dried cocopeat 1.5 kg per treatment, was treated using five soaking durations (12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 hours) × four levels of Ca(NO3)2 (0, 60, 100 and 150 g) soaked in 15 litres of water. Soil and the untreated cocopeat were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The results showed that there was no significant (P>0.05) interaction effect of Ca(NO3)2 × soaking duration for the number of branches and normalized difference vegetative index. The main effect of 150 g Ca(NO3)2 gave the highest average number of branches (16.13), NDVI (0.89) and plant height (73.51 cm) followed by 100 g of Ca(NO3)2. Soaking duration of 36 hours economically produced the highest growth parameters 12.75 and 61.46 cm an average number of branches and plant height, respectively. Significant (P<0.001) interaction effects were observed for the plant height and all the yield parameters. The interaction of 100 g Ca(NO3)2 and soaking for 36 hours gave the highest mini-tuber yield of 464.67 g plant-1 and an average number of tubers of 21.67 tubers plant-1. Therefore, 100 g Ca(NO3)2 and a soaking duration of 36 hours to treat 1.5 kg of air-dried cocopeat is recommended for higher ARCs yield and yield parameters.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATIC REBUNG TOOLS USING VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE BASED ON ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Nurcahyo Eko , Hidayat Taufik
Published: September 2022

In chopping Rebung for the home industry, they still use conventional methods and lack the application of technology. This, of course, causes the productivity and quality of the home industry products to be less than optimal. Productivity is influenced by several factors, including requiring workers to be more careful so that it requires a lot of concentration, worker fatigue, which makes it less optimal in using time, and the workers' speed. Therefore, the primary control system was made an automatic Rebung chopper based on the VFD with Arduino Uno. The 3-phase induction electric motor is used as a prime mover for chopping blades and control using VFD (Variable Frequency Drive). For the critical system, use a spring and open the pressing tube's lid using a servo motor and the buzzer as a monitoring medium. The test uses VFD to adjust the rotational speed of the electric motor. The test results show that at a frequency of 20 Hz with a speed of 147.8 rpm, it produces chops with a length of 3 cm in 2 minutes 54 seconds. At a frequency of 35 Hz with a speed of 221.2 Rpm, it produces 2 cm chunks in 1 minute 53 seconds. At a frequency of 50 Hz with a speed of 260.1 Rpm, it produces 1 cm chops in 1 minute 5 seconds. If chopping is done manually, it takes 5 minutes with an average length of 2 cm
DESIGN OF ELECTROLYSIS CURRENT CONTROL IN WATER IONIZER WITH VOLTAGE SOURCE FROM SOLAR ENERGY
Authors: Allam Dhaifullah , Kurniawan Ekki , Rodiana Irham Mulkan
Published: September 2022

Water is one of the human needs. There are many types of water that are needed and good for humans, including alkaline water and acidic water. Alkaline water has benefits, one of which is to improve the immune system. While acidic water has benefits, one of which is as an antiseptic or disinfectant. There are obstacles for this water-producing device, which is that it is still very expensive for water-producing equipment and it is still very rare to use solar energy as a source of electricity. The author will make a device that produces alkaline water and acid water with solar energy as a power source using a Solar Cell Module (MSS). Water ionizer is an instrument to ionize water and its mineral content by using water electrolysis method, so that the water ionizer can produce alkaline water and acid water. The tool in this study used a 20 WP solar cell module that stores electrical energy in a 12V 7AH battery. Other components used are the container water ionizer, PH4502C pH sensor, INA219 current sensor, DS18B20 temperature sensor which is connected to a microcontroller. The value of the current produced depends on the TDS of the water used, if the TDS of the water is high, the current generated is also high. Changes in pH obtained in this study with a maximum pH increase of 2.60 and a maximum decrease of 9,30 pH.
AUTOMATIC PERFUME-INGREDIENTS MIXER FOR MAKING ONE TYPE OF PARFUME USING MICROCONTROLLER
Authors: Ashari Ibrahim , Artiyani Anis
Published: September 2022

Parfume is a tool that we often use in our daily life. The fragrance of the perfume we use is also diverse to prevent user boredom. In addition, the smell of perfume is also a match for the consumer itself. The rapid development of technology lately indirectly affects the changes in the broader community. The many sophisticated inventions evidence the development of this technology.Along with developing this technology, the equipment can be created to facilitate and provide production speed. In other words, it can increase the quality and quantity of producing goods for the users of these tools. With these technological advances, it can be used to make perfume-ingredients mixing tools to manufacture one type of perfume using a microcontroller. The test results of this tool after manual settings are obtained automatically on measuring cup 1 containing 19cc, cup 2 containing 10cc, cup 3 containing 19cc, cup 4 containing 18cc, and cup 5 containing 29cc. With an average error rate from testing the entire system of 4,8%, the system is declared to be able to work well
Exploring the relationship between preeclampsia and human epididymis protein 4
Authors: Cimilli Senocak Gamze Nur , Borekci Bunyamin , Halici Zekai , Topdagi Yilmaz Emsal Pinar
Published: September 2022

Background/Aim: The level of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a glycoprotein and protease inhibitor, increases under many malignancies and inflammatory conditions. HE4 is also associated with cell invasion, migration, and adhesion. In this study, we compared the HE4 protein levels in pregnant patients with preeclampsia to healthy pregnant and non-pregnant individuals with the aim of finding a biomarker that can be used to recognize preeclampsia.
Methods: Our study is a prospective case control study and included 20 pregnant women with preeclampsia, 20 pregnant women without preeclampsia, and 20 healthy non-pregnant women (the control). The participants’ serum HE4 levels were analyzed statistically.
Results: Data analysis revealed that the mean HE4 levels were significantly lower in the preeclampsia group than in the other two groups (P = 0.002). Mean HE4 protein levels were also lower in the non-pregnant women than in the pregnant women without preeclampsia; however, this difference was not significant.
Conclusion: It is difficult to predict preeclampsia, and there is not any sensitive or specific biomarker for determining the condition. This study may support that HE4 protein may be useful and significant in predicting preeclampsia. The results we achieved provide proof that HE4 levels could be a potential biomarker for preeclampsia. Many more comprehensive studies are needed to support the association between HE4 protein and preeclampsia.
Bladder filling test, cystoscopy, or both for checking bladder perforation in tension-free-vaginal tape operations
Authors: Kalkan Uzeyir , Eren Murat Tuğrul
Published: September 2022

Background/Aim: Tension-free-vaginal tape (TVT) has been widely used for treatment of stress urinary incontinence as a mid-urethral sling operation. Cystoscopy is routinely performed during tension-free-vaginal tape operations to check for bladder perforation or injury. This study aims to check the applicability and accuracy of the bladder filling test for predicting bladder perforation in tension-free-vaginal tape operations.
Methods: Between 2015 and 2020, 285 women who had TVT operations were subject to evaluation. Out of 285 cases, 23 cases were suspected subjectively by the operating surgeons to have visible or occult bladder perforation during the TVT procedure. A routine cystoscopy was performed at the end of all operations. Additionally, before the routine cystoscopy, in cases suspected of a visible or occult bladder perforation, the bladder was filled with 500 ml saline or diluted methylene blue dye through a urinary catheter (bladder filling test) to check for occult bladder perforation that might not be visualized by cystoscopy. Any fluid leakage through the paraurethral dissected canals or from the abdominal incisions was observed for the possibility of bladder perforation. The accuracy of the bladder filling test was compared to cystoscopy to diagnose bladder perforation in suspected cases. In addition, all cases were followed up for three months to record any cases with late or occult bladder perforations missed in the diagnosis using cystoscopy or the bladder filling test perioperatively.
Results: Out of 23 cases suspected subjectively by the operating surgeons to have visible or occult bladder perforation, 11 had visible bladder perforations (3.9%) confirmed by both cystoscopy and the bladder filling test. After the filling test, leakage at the abdominal incision site and/or para-urethral dissected canal was observed in all cases with bladder perforation. No leakage was observed in the remaining patients (n = 12) suspected of, but not diagnosed with bladder perforation by cystoscopy. The bladder filling test did confirm the same diagnosis revealed by cystoscopy in all suspected cases.
Conclusion: The bladder filling test was found to be very sensitive in predicting bladder perforation at tension-free-vaginal tape operations compared to cystoscopy. This test can decrease the need for routine cystoscopy at tension-free-vaginal tape insertion, and cystoscopy can be limited to cases with leakage in the bladder filling test.
Analisis Galian Dalam Dengan Perkuatan Angkur dan Strut Menggunakan Model 3D di Jakarta Utara
Authors: Kefas Pio
Published: September 2022

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meninjau performa galian pada tanah lunak yang diperkuat dua jenis sistem perkuatan, yaitu strut dan angkur. Galian dilakukan sedalam 8,5 m menggunakan metode full open cut dengan dua tipe diaphragm wall. Sisi galian dengan perkuatan strut dalam konfigurasi menyudut menghasilkan deformasi yang sangat besar dibandingkan dengan sisi galian dengan perkuatan angkur. Berdasarkan hasil monitoring yang dilakukan, deformasi sebesar 15 cm pada sisi galian dengan strut yang berbatasan dengan Hotel tidak menyebabkan kegagalan pada galian. Sementara sisi galian dengan angkur menunjukan nilai deformasi sebesar 3.5cm pada tahap akhir galian. Analisa balik pemodelan 3D dilakukan untuk mengetahui performa aktual dari galian dan kedua jenis sistem perkuatan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis galian, pemodelan 3D dengan model konstitutif tanah Hardening Soil dapat memodelkan karakteristik galian dengan baik. Deformasi pada sisi dinding galian dengan tebal 80 cm dan perkuatan strut menghasilkan deformasi dinding yang lebih besar disbanding dinding galian dengan tebal 60 cm dan perkuatan 2 level angkur. Deformasi pada sudut galian jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan sepanjang dinding galian.

 

Kata kunci: Galian Dalam, Strut, Angkur, Model 3D

 

 

 

Abstract

 

This study aims to analyze the performance of excavation on soft soil reinforced by two types of supports; the strut and anchor. Excavation depth was 8.5 meters using full open cut method with two types of diaphragm walls. Excavation sides supported by struts in angular configuration resulted in a significantly larger deformation compared with sides supported by anchors. Anchor-supported sides produced 3.5 centimeters of deformation. Meanwhile, although the strut-supported sides adjacent to hotel produced a large, 15-centimeters deformation, it did not result in excavation failure. Three-dimensional model back analysis was carried out to analyze the actual performance of the two types of excavation supports. Based on the results of the excavation analysis, 3D modelling with soil constitutive model of Hardening Soil can model the characteristics of the excavation well. Deformation on the excavation wall with a thickness of 80cm and strut reinforcement resulted in greater wall deformation than the excavation wall with a thickness of 60cm and 2-level anchor reinforcement. The deformation at the excavation corner is much smaller than along the excavation wall.

 

Keywords: Deep Excavation, Strut, Anchor, 3D Modelling
Dijital Bankacılık Hizmetlerinin Bankacılık Sektörünün Finansal Performansına Etkileri
Authors: İSLAMOGLU Mehmet , BAYRAKLI Muhammet
Published: September 2022

Bilgi iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişimi, sosyal medya platformlarının oluşumu ile insanların internet kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu durum başta bankacılık olmak üzere birçok sektörü etkilemiştir. Bu açıdan bankacılık sektöründe önemli gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. Bankalar ve finansal kuruluşlar müşterilere sunacakları hizmetlerde teknolojiyi kullanmaya yönelmiş ve çeşitli uygulamalar geliştirmiştir. Böylelikle dijital bankacılık hizmetleri müşterilerin kullanımına sunulmuştur. Müşteriler, dijital bankacılık hizmetleri sayesinde kolay, hızlı ve güvenli bir şekilde bankacılık işlemlerini gerçekleştirebilme imkanına erişmiştir. Banka ve finans kuruluşlarının ürün ve hizmetlerde yapmış olduğu yenilikler, müşterilerin bu hizmetleri daha da çok talep etmelerine neden olmuştur. Bu bağlamda Türkiye Bankalar Birliği’ne kayıtlı bankalardan elde edinilen finansal veriler üzerinden dijital bankacılık hizmetlerinin bankaların finansal performansına etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda araştırmamızın analiz bölümünde elde edinilen bulgulardan yola çıkılarak, Türkiye’de bankaların sunduğu dijital bankacılık hizmetlerinin, bankaların finansal performanslarına pozitif etkilerinin olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
AHMET HAMDİ TANPINAR’IN “HUZUR” ROMANINDAKİ MEKÂN UNSURU ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME DENEMESİ
Authors: ŞEN Vedat
Published: September 2022

ÖZET

Roman incelemesinde kullanılan mekân unsuru, Türk edebiyatında birçok roman içerisinde irdelenmiştir. Araştırmacılar Tanzimat’tan Cumhuriyet’e bütün edebiyat devreleri içinde kaleme alınan romanları mekân açısından değerlendirmiştir. Mekânların tasnif edilmesi ve bir metot olarak kullanılması hususunda bilim insanlarının ortak veya farklı olarak yaptığı tespitler mevcuttur. Bu tespitlerin analiz edilmesi ve roman incelemelerinde mekân kullanma metodu ana hatları ile incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Kuramın, bilinen kaynakların dışında yeni araştırmacıların yorumları ile de ele alınması hususuna dikkat edilmiştir. İncelemenin ilerleyen bölümlerinde romanın genel olarak şahıs, zaman, üslup, bakış açısı ve anlatım tekniği ile aktarımı gerçekleştirilmiştir. İncelemenin asıl kısmında ise Huzur romanı içinde mekân kullanımının sebepleri, sınırları ve sonuçları tartışılmıştır. Bu inceleme esnasında şahısların psikolojisi, toplumsal düzen, sembollerin kullanımı, çatışmaların yaşanması, olay zincirinin aktarılması, kişiler arası ilişkiler ve verilmek istenen mesajlar mekân kullanımı üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. İncelemenin son kısmında mekânın farklı alanlarla ilişkileri roman üzerinden hareketle anlatılmıştır. Bizlerde burada mekânın sınırları, kullanımı, karakteri, romandaki işlevi, genel yapısı, temsil ettiği değerler, romandaki önemi ve yerini inceleyeceğiz.
Reflection of Conflicts between Political Parties in 1965 Elections to Akis Magazine
Authors: KIRMIT Ömer Faruk
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmada, Akis Dergisi’nin 1965 genel seçimlerine giden süreçte ele aldığı konular üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı, Akis’in 1965’te yapılan seçimi nasıl anlattığını belirlemek ve siyasi olaylara bakışını tespit etmektir. Bu nedenle Akis’te seçim öncesi ve sonrası yazılanlar değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemi ve bu yönteme ait metin analiziyle metin tarama usulleri kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın kapsamını Akis Dergisi’nde 1965 yılının 23 Ekim sayısına kadar yayımlanan yazılar oluşturmuştur. Bu nedenle derginin o yıla ait 42 sayısı tamamen, diğer 11 sayısı ise dolaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, partilerin tartışmaları, ön seçim süreci, aday profilleri, söylemleri ve yapmış oldukları mitingler ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Akis’in, seçim sürecini AP ve CHP üzerinden ele aldığı ve genellikle halkın AP’ye oy vermemesine dair anlatımlar yaptığı görülmüştür. Akis, değindiği birçok önemli ayrıntılar sayesinde, 1965 genel seçimlerinin aydınlatılmasını sağlamıştır.
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI ARUS RABAK DI PERAIRAN PANTAI SEKUNYIT BENGKULU SELATAN
Authors: - Supiyati
Published: September 2022

Arus rabak (rip current) merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan pantai, yaitu terseretnya pengunjung ke lepas pantai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan karakteristik hidro-oseanografi pembangkit arus rabak, dan identifikasi zona potensi arus rabak di Pantai Sekunyit Bengkulu Selatan. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah pengukuran secara in situ parameter hidro-oseanografi pembangkit arus rabak dan memetakan zona potensi arus rabak melalui visualisasi foto udara menggunakan drone. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa di Pantai Sekunyit zona potensi sering terjadinya arus rabak berada di sebelah Tenggara, yaitu pada musim barat maupun musim timur. Zona ini memiliki tipe gelombang pecah yaitu tipe plunging, dengan morfologi pantai curam dengan kemiringan 19°. Ketinggian gelombang dan kecepatan arus yang lebih besar dibandingkan zona lain, yaitu rata-rata ketinggian gelombang 0,38 m dan kecepatan arus 0,88 m/s. Oleh sebab itu diharapkan pengunjung dapat lebih berhati-hati jika berada di zona tenggara Pantai Sekunyit, sehingga dapat mengurangi terjadinya kecelakaan pantai.
Front Matter
Authors: Bengen Dietriech Geoffrey
Published: September 2022

Front Matter
PERENCANAAN LANSKAP KOTA PARIAMAN PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT BERBASIS MITIGASI TSUNAMI
Authors: Ihsan Fadhilatul , Pramukanto Qodarian
Published: September 2022

The city of Pariaman lied on vurnerable area of two continental plates of Eurasian and Indo-Australian plates and passed by Semangko fault line as well. Based on the index map Threats Tsunami in Indonesia by the National Disaster Management Agency (BMKG), the coastal west area of Sumatra Island is an area of the tsunami hazard. The purpose of this study is to arranging landscape plan of the city of Pariaman based on tsunami mitigation. The method used in this study consists of five phases starting from the preparation, inventory, analysis, and landscape planning. The spasial analysis was conducted to determine the level of tsunami hazard and hazard risk to tsunami in the city of Pariaman which are consist of sensitivity analysis, and analysis of vulnerablility to tsunami. The factors that used in sensitivity analysis are seismicity and run up of tsunami (12 m height), while the vulnerable analysis factors are elevation, slope, coastal morphology, land use, distance from the shoreline, and the distance from the river. The results of analysis show that most area of Pariaman City can be classified into low level hazard risk to tsunami. Based on hazard risk classifica-tion can be developed the concept to proceed landscape plan. Landscape plan can be arranged into protective space, limited use space and development space.
KAJIAN SOSIAL-BUDAYA MASYARAKAT PADA LANSKAP RIPARIAN SUNGAI CILIWUNG
Authors: Ulfah Fittria , Nurhayati . , Arifin Hadi Susilo
Published: September 2022

Bogor as one of the cities with high population density located in the middle of Ciliwung watershed. The use of riparian rivers as undeveloped land has had an impact on the decline in the quality and quantity of blue open spaces. The factors that most influence riparian landscape change are the interaction between human activity and the landscape associated with socio-cultural activities. The purpose of this study was to analyze the situational and sociocultural activities of riparian Ciliwung River to blue open space. This conducted in the city of Bogor that is on Pulo Geulis and Griya Katulampa. The method that used in this research is descriptive analysis where the data analyzed is obtained from interview and literature study. The results of this study indicate the existence of two socio-cultural interactions in two research sites, in Pulo Geulis settlement and Griya Katulampa Housing with situational condition of riparian landscape which is relatively the same. The difference results of between community interactions with the landscape is strongly influenced by the background of the local community.