bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid molecules based on an emodin scaffold. Synthesis and activity against SARS-CoV-2 and Plasmodium
Authors: Li Youzhi , Touret Franck , de Lamballerie Xavier , Nguyen Michel , Laurent Marion , Benoit-Vical Françoise , Robert Anne , Liu Yan , Meunier Bernard
Published: August 2023

A series of hybrid emodin–polyamine or emodin–norchlorcyclizine molecules have been synthesized and evaluated as potential antiviral and antimalarial agents. (R)-Emoxyzine-2 was as potent as remdesivir in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 replication.
Recent advances in aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based chemosensors for the detection of organic small molecules
Authors: Chua Ming Hui , Hui Bryan Yat Kit , Chin Kang Le Osmund , Zhu Qiang , Liu Xiaogang , Xu Jianwei
Published: August 2023

This review provides an overview of the progress in the development of AIE-based organic small molecule probes for detecting biologically important molecules, drug molecules, volatile organic compounds, and explosives over the past five years.
Recent advances in regulating the excited states of conjugated thermally activated delayed fluorescence polymers for high-efficiency OLEDs
Authors: Li Maoqiu , Hua Lei , Liu Junteng , Ren Zhongjie
Published: August 2023

Several methods are summarized for controlling the excited states of TADF conjugated polymers, covering: (a) maintaining suitable ΔEST; (b) localized triplet excited state assisted reverse intersystem crossing; (c) hyperfine coupling facilitates reverse intersystem crossing.
Stereodivergent asymmetric synthesis of P-atropisomeric Si-stereogenic monohydrosilanes
Authors: Yang Bo , Tan Xingfa , Ge Yicong , Li Yingzi , He Chuan
Published: August 2023

We herein report an efficient one-pot strategy for the stereodivergent asymmetric synthesis of various P-atropisomeric Si-stereogenic monohydrosilanes with excellent stereoselectivity from dichlorosilanes.
Recent developments, applications and challenges for carbon quantum dots as a photosynthesis enhancer in agriculture
Authors: A/P Chowmasundaram Yamuna , Tan Tong Ling , Nulit Rosimah , Jusoh Mashitah , Rashid Suraya Abdul
Published: August 2023

The effects of carbon quantum dots (CQD) as promising nanomaterials in agriculture.
Green synthesis, anti-proliferative evaluation, docking, and MD simulations studies of novel 2-piperazinyl quinoxaline derivatives using hercynite sulfaguanidine-SA as a highly efficient and reusable nanocatalyst
Authors: Esam Zohreh , Akhavan Malihe , Mirshafa Atefeh , Bekhradnia Ahmadreza
Published: August 2023

The excellent catalytic activity of newly magnetic nanocatalyst FeAl2O4@PTMS-sulfaguanidine-SA in a one pot multicomponent Mannich-type reaction was used to obtain 2-piperazinyl quinoxaline derivatives with highly selective anti-proliferation efficacy.
Decoration of polystyrene with nanoparticles of cobalt hydroxide as new composites for the removal of Fe(iii) and methylene blue from industrial wastewater
Authors: Adel Marzouk , El Naggar Ahmed M. A. , Bakry Ahmed , Hilal Maher H. , El-Zahhar Adel A. , Taha Mohamed H. , Marey A.
Published: August 2023

A novel composite is prepared via high dispersion of nickel hydroxide nanoparticles in the structure of porous polystyrene. This composite demonstrated efficient performance toward the removal of dyes and Fe ions from wastewater.
Preparation of spiroborate supramolecular and peapod polymers containing a photoluminescent ruthenium(ii) complex
Authors: Matsumoto Wako , Naito Muneyuki , Danjo Hiroshi
Published: August 2023

Spiroborate supramolecular and peapod polymers containing ruthenium(ii) tris(bipyridyl) complex were prepared, and their optical properties were evaluated.
On the way to potential antifungal compounds: synthesis and in vitro activity of 2-benzofuranylacetic acid amides
Authors: Mahecha-Mahecha Camilo , Borrego-Muñoz Paola , Pombo Luis M. , Gamba-Sánchez Diego
Published: August 2023

The gram-scale synthesis of benzofuranyl acetic acid via a Willgerodt–Kindler rearrangement is presented. Additionally, the antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum was tested for ten different benzofuranyl acetic acid amides.
Synergetic effects of a poly-tartrazine/CTAB modified carbon paste electrode sensor towards simultaneous and interference-free determination of benzenediol isomers
Authors: Teradale Amit B. , Chadchan Kailash S. , Ganesh Pattan-Siddappa , Das Swastika N. , Ebenso Eno E.
Published: August 2023

Simultaneous and selective detection of dihydroxy benzene isomers by the synergistic effect of CTAB and tartrazine on a carbon paste electrode (poly-TZ/CTAB/MCPE) sensor by CV and DPV techniques.
Porous silicon-nanowire-based electrode for the photoelectrocatalytic production of hydrogen
Authors: Wang Jingxian , Keller Caroline , Dietrich Marc , Olli Paul E. , Gentile Pascal , Pouget Stéphanie , Okuno Hanako , Boutghatin Mohamed , Pennec Yan , Reita Valérie , Nguyen Duc N. , Johnson Hannah , Morozan Adina , Artero Vincent , Chenevier Pascale
Published: August 2023

Building a porous photocathode for solar hydrogen production with earth-abundant materials: silicon nanowires to harvest light, molybdenum sulfide to turn protons into hydrogen.
Tuning the guest-induced spatiotemporal response of isostructural dynamic frameworks towards efficient gas separation and storage
Authors: Roztocki Kornel , Sobczak Szymon , Smaruj Arkadiusz , Walczak Anna , Gołdyn Mateusz , Bon Volodymyr , Kaskel Stefan , Stefankiewicz Artur R.
Published: August 2023

One-atom exchange in a flexible MOF changes the 2nd order phase transformation to 1st order, enabling efficient gas storage and separation.
Entropy modulation strategy of P2-type layered transition metal oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries with a high performance
Authors: Wang Yusong , Wang Yingshuai , Xing Yuhang , Jiang Chunyu , Pang Yanfei , Liu Hongfeng , Wu Feng , Gao Hongcai
Published: August 2023

Configuration entropy is increased by doping with multiple cations, whereby the material defects and active sites are increased and phase transition is inhibited at high voltage. Meanwhile, the sodium-ion diffusion rate was improved with the co-doping strategy.
A hydrogel gripper enabling fine movement based on spatiotemporal mineralization
Authors: Zuo Liangrui , Wu Mingzhen , Zhang Hongbo , Zhang Shikai , Ma Zhengxin , Luo Jun , Ding Chunmei , Li Jianshu
Published: August 2023

Hydrogel grippers are prepared with controllable patterns by spatiotemporal reaction-diffusion and subsequent PPY polymerization, enabling fine movement similar to hand and finger joints.
Perceptual Learning of Dysarthria in Adolescence
Authors: Borrie Stephanie A. , Hepworth Taylor J. , Wynn Camille J. , Hustad Katherine C. , Barrett Tyson S. , Lansford Kaitlin L.
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

As evidenced by perceptual learning studies involving adult listeners and speakers with dysarthria, adaptation to dysarthric speech is driven by signal predictability (speaker property) and a flexible speech perception system (listener property). Here, we extend adaptation investigations to adolescent populations and examine whether adult and adolescent listeners can learn to better understand an adolescent speaker with dysarthria.

Method:

Classified by developmental stage, adult (
n
= 42) and adolescent (
n
= 40) listeners completed a three-phase perceptual learning protocol (pretest, familiarization, and posttest). During pretest and posttest, all listeners transcribed speech produced by a 13-year-old adolescent with spastic dysarthria associated with cerebral palsy. During familiarization, half of the adult and adolescent listeners engaged in structured familiarization (audio and lexical feedback) with the speech of the adolescent speaker with dysarthria; and the other half, with the speech of a neurotypical adolescent speaker (control).

Results:

Intelligibility scores increased from pretest to posttest for all listeners. However, listeners who received dysarthria familiarization achieved greater intelligibility improvements than those who received control familiarization. Furthermore, there was a significant effect of developmental stage, where the adults achieved greater intelligibility improvements relative to the adolescents.

Conclusions:

This study provides the first tranche of evidence that adolescent dysarthric speech is learnable—a finding that holds even for adolescent listeners whose speech perception systems are not yet fully developed. Given the formative role that social interactions play during adolescence, these findings of improved intelligibility afford important clinical implications.
Power allocation optimization for hybrid information and energy transfer with massive MIMO downlink
Authors: Sun Wenfeng , Li Jizhong
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates the power allocation in a massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) downlink system, where the base station (BS) simultaneously transmits information and energy to information terminals and energy terminals without resorting to any wireless energy harvesting (EH) protocol, respectively. First, with respect to this system, the closed‐form expressions of achievable rate and harvested energy are, respectively, derived for Rayleigh fading channels. Then, from these expressions, three optimization problems are formulated based on quality‐of‐service (QoS) requirements, with the purposes of maximizing achievable sum rate, harvested sum energy and joint QoS requirements, respectively. The optimization problem of maximizing achievable sum rate is transformed into a sequence of geometric programmings (GPs), which can be solved efficiently with standard convex optimization tools. The optimization problem of maximizing harvested sum energy is proved to be solvable as a linear program. The optimization problem of maximizing joint QoS requirements is shown to be a multi‐objective optimization problem (MOOP) and solved by a one‐dimensional search based on GP. Finally, numerical results manifest that the proposed power allocation algorithms can provide good system performances of achievable sum rate and harvested sum energy, and jointly guarantee QoS fairness in terms of achievable rate and harvested energy.
MWC 656 is unlikely to contain a black hole
Authors: Janssens S. , Shenar T. , Degenaar N. , Bodensteiner J. , Sana H. , Audenaert J. , Frost A. J.
Published: August 2023

Contact. MWC 656 was reported to be the first known Be star with a black-hole (BH) companion on a 60 d period. The mass of the proposed BH companion is estimated to be between 4 and 7 M⊙. This estimate is based on radial velocity (RV) measurements derived from the Fe IIλ4583 emission line of the Be star disc and from the He IIλ4686 emission line, assumed to be formed in a disc around the putative BH.

Aims. Using new high-resolution spectroscopic data, we investigate whether MWC 656 truly contains a BH.

Methods. We used the cross-correlation method to calculate the RVs of both the Be star and the He IIλ4686 emission line to derive a new orbital solution. We also used a spectral disentangling method to look for the spectral signature of a companion.

Results. We derived an orbital period of 59.028 ± 0.011 d and a mass ratio of q = MHe II/MBe = 0.12 ± 0.03, much lower than the previously reported value of q = 0.41 ± 0.07. By adopting a mass for the Be star of MBe = 7.8 ± 2.0 M⊙, the mass of the companion is 0.94 ± 0.34 M⊙. For the upper limit of MBe = 16 M⊙ and q = 0.15, the mass of the companion is 2.4 M⊙. Performing the disentangling on mock spectra shows that the spectral signature of a non-degenerate stellar companion with such a low mass cannot be retrieved using our data.

Conclusions. Our measurements do not support the presence of a BH companion in MWC 656. Rather, the derived upper limit on the mass of the companion indicates that it is either a neutron star, a white dwarf, or a hot helium star. Far-UV data will aid in rejecting or confirming a hot helium-star companion.
Heparin Resistance in the Pre-Cardiotomy Patient
Authors: Rivard Dennis C.
Published: August 2023

Patients who undergo heart surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass are systematically anticoagulated with heparin. Heparin is also used for anticoagulation in patients with myocardial infarctions. A discrepancy has been observed in reactivity to heparin in the operating room between patients who are on intravenous heparin and those who are not.

A comparison study utilizing 40 patients was performed. Group A consisted of 20 patients who had no heparin therapy history preoperatively. Group B consisted of 20 patients who had been on intravenous heparin therapy for up to four hours prior to their surgery. All patients were coronary artery bypass grafting candidates and were heparinized for cardiopulmonary bypass, utilizing a 3000u/kg protocol with a target activated clotting time (ACT) of 480 seconds. Heparin lot numbers were evenly distributed between the two groups.

Group A demonstrated a mean post heparin bolus ACT or 541 seconds, while group B showed a mean ACT or 358 seconds. The nonheparin therapy patients required a mean additional perioperative heparin dose of 3,800 units to maintain the ACT above 480 seconds. The heparin therapy patients had a mean additional dose or 16,500 units.

Patients who receive IV heparin therapy prior to cardiopulmonary bypass may require additional heparin to adequately anticoagulate them for extracorporeal circulation.
A Convertible Cardiopulmonary Bypass System for Emergency Support Using a Hard-Shell Membrane Oxygenator
Authors: Gil William , Sakert Tamara , Arelt Leslie , Rosenberg Ian
Published: August 2023

Recently, several emergency cardiopulmonary bypass (ECPB) systems have been designed for the support of the arrested patient refractory to resuscitation. We have developed a compact ECPB system utilizing a Bio-Medicus centrifugal pump and a Bentley BCM-7 membrane oxygenator featuring rapid setup and prime. In contrast to other systems, our design provides a choice of configurations for ECPB which allow its continued use from initiation of membrane assist throughout any operative intervention. The safety and efficacy or this system has been tested using a canine model. Five animals were cannulated via the external jugular vein and the femoral artery, placed on ECPB (mean flow 80cc/kg/min), and monitored for 6 hours. Arterial and venous pressures and blood gases were easily maintained by standard manipulations. Serum hemoglobin, BUN, creatinine, and urine output remained stable at levels normal or bypass. Platelets, fibrinogen, and hemoglobin exhibited dilutional decreases at one hour, then stabilized. In summary, this system safely provides short term emergency metabolic and respiratory support while offering unique advantages in mobility, flexibility, and ease of use.
An Investigation Into the Influence of the pH of a Cardioplegic Solution on Markers of Myocardial Damage
Authors: Whittaker S. , Sergeant V. , Illingworth J.A. , Stoodley K. , Davies G.A.
Published: August 2023

Although crystalloid cardioplegic solutions are generally buffered to be alkalotic, some workers have advocated the use of an acidotic solution. In order to evaluate the influence of the pH of a crystalloid cardioplegic solution on post-ischaemic markers of myocardial injury, we studied 30 rat hearts using an isolated perfused heart model, with a one hour ischaemic arrest at 20°C following single dose cardioplegia.

The pH of the cardioplegic solution was varied by adjusting the pCO2. Six pH levels were studied with five hearts at each level, (group 1 pH = 7.0102 ±0.0106 (±SEM) group 2 = 7.2044 ±0.0077, group 3 = 7.4074 ±0.0068, group 4 = 7.6082 ±0.0071, group 5 = 7.8010 ±0.0082, group 6 = 8.0352 ±0.0129).

Pre-arrest (control) and post-arrest coronary effluent enzyme levels, heart rate, coronary vascular resistance and ECG score were determined. In addition, times to spontaneous defibrillation were noted. There were no statistically significant differences between the control values.

The mean time in seconds from institution of reperfusion to spontaneous defibrillation in groups 1 to 6 respectively were 67.6 ±2.379, 62 ±1.949, 62 ±1.483 52.4 ±3.326, 58.6 ±1.631 and 55 ±2.55 (p<0.01 Kruskal-Wallis Test). Post-arrest mean heart rates were 190 (one heart only), 203.33 ±26.034, 217.5 ±17.017, 235 ±26.552, 214 ±16 and 208 ±15.29 (NS). The post-arrest mean ECG scores were 2.4 ±0.5099, 1.2 ±0.5831, 1.2 ±0.7348, 0.2 ±0.2, 0.6 ±0.2449 and 0.6 ±0.2449. (NS). Of note is that ECG scores of two or more were only seen in groups 1, 2 and 3. Post-arrest mean coronary vascular resistances were 134.6 ±18.819, 118.6 ±6.653, 78 ±4.461, 65.8 ±2.01, 68 ±1.342 and 72.2 ±5.774 (p<0.001). Post-arrest coronary effluent mean creatine phosphokinase levels were 703.21 ±149.97, 152.34 ±27.959, 141.11 ±12.67 ,80.568 ±16.025, 88.854 ±17.391 and 88.108 ±17.225 (p<0.005). Post-arrest coronary effluent mean lactate dehydrogenase levels were 244.02 ±60.516, 192.46 ±68.234, 141.66 ±56.317, 25.55 ±10.974, 41.366 ±4.428 and 35.2 ±8.473 (p<0.001).
Designing Better Hollow Fiber Oxygenators
Authors: Callahan Robert W. , Cussler E. L.
Published: August 2023

Mass transfer is central in designing hollow fiber oxygenators. A model system of oxygen transfer to water is developed as a basis for discussion. Previously developed mass transfer correlations are then successfully used to predict experimentally observed oxygen transfer rates. For hollow fiber devices with the same type hydrophobic membrane and membrane area, these correlations allow a comparison of different geometries. The extension of these concepts to oxygen transfer to blood is discussed.
Clinical Trials of a New Infant Membrane Oxygenator
Authors: Merrill J. , Akers T. , Sutton RG , Riley JB , Sade RM , Crawford FA
Published: August 2023

Clinical trials of a new infant/pediatric hollow fiber membrane oxygenator were performed at the Medical University of South Carolina with parental consent. The oxygenator has a static priming volume of 170 ml with a rated blood flow of 2.5 1/min. Circuit priming volumes ranged from 800 to 1000 ml. The oxygenator was used on 15 infant/pediatric patients ranging from five days to 10.4 years of age, with BSAs of 0.2 to 1.01 m2.

Results show no significant differences in plasma-free hemoglobin or platelet counts between pre-op and fourth day postop. Statistical analysis of the clinical data were used to produce theoretical (TH) and clinical (CL) multiple linear regression equations which enable the perfusionist to predict the minimal FiO2 and gas flow (GF) for desired PaO2 and alpha stat PaCO2.

TH-FiO2 TH-GF CL-FiO2 CL-GF

r=.91 r=.80 r=.89 r=.79

(p < 0.0001 for all values)

This oxygenator can be safely used for a relatively large range (3 to 25 kg) of infant and pediatric patients with statistically predictable results.
A Convertible Cardiopulmonary Bypass System for Optimized Hemofiltration
Authors: von Segesser Ludwig , Garcia Eligio , Lachat Mario , Turina Marko
Published: August 2023

Hemofiltration during or after cardiopulmonary bypass has proved to be an efficient tool for hemoconcentration. Classically, the hemofilters are supplied by the arterial line and the filtration rate is mainly a function of the perfusion pressure. We have developed a convertible cardiopulmonary bypass system including a double head roller pump for blood cardioplegia application that allows optimized hemofiltration independent from systemic perfusion. Serial bench studies were performed at normothermia with a mean hematocrit of 20%, and identical hemofilters:

CLASSIC
OPTIMIZED
p<

Systemic pump flow 1/min
3.5±0.9
3.5±0±.9
NS

Arterial line pressure mmHg
148±3
135±8
0.05

Filter line pressure mmHg
144±8
378±30
0.05

Filter flow ml/min
152±3
346±6
0.05

Filter output ml/15 min
999±228
1599±174
0.05

Hemofiltration can be optimized by a convertible cardiopulmonary bypass system allowing independent hemofilter-flow adjustment. Improved results were confirmed in routine clinical application.
The Effect of Substrate Enhanced Cardioplegia on Postbypass Electrical and Hemodynamic Recovery
Authors: Stammers Alfred H , Deeb G. Michael , Butler Russell R. , Palbykin Julie , Claprood Cecilia M. , Anderson Julie
Published: August 2023

Substrate enhanced terminal cardioplegia increases metabolic activity which may enhance recovery in the post cardiotomy patient. Twenty-eight consecutive low risk patients requiring coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly assigned to receive either a dose of warm aspartate glutamate enriched terminal cardioplegia or reperfusion with unmodified pump blood. There were no significant differences between patient groups in prebypass parameters. Bypass indices did not vary between groups other than total cardioplegia volume administered (2364±578 cc mean±SD in the non-aspartate glutamate group, vs 2828±579 cc in the aspartate glutamate group, p<.05). Patients in the aspartate glutamate group received less defibrillatory shocks with lower total Joule wattage, and were paced less than the non-aspartate glutamate hearts. There were no significant differences in the use of inotropes or antiarrhythmics, nor did cardiac index or systemic vascular resistance differ between groups over the first several postoperative days. Therefore, in low risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, the routine use of substrate enriched terminal cardioplegia resulted in a more rapid return to electrical activity, but failed to improve immediate postoperative hemodynamic recovery.
The Heart-Lung Pump/Human Interface: A Real Time Microcomputer-Based Simulation
Authors: Davis Richard B.
Published: August 2023

A microcomputer based simulation of the important processes which occur during cardiopulmonary bypass has been developed for preclinical practice for perfusion technologist trainees. The interface to the computer is through a custom designed electronic console with controls for five pump heads, heat exchanger water temperature, gas flow and content, oxygenator and cardiotomy reservoir heights, clamp detection for flow control and variable venous clamping. A keypad is provided for menu driven entry of patient characteristics, timer control, data requests, drug and fluid administration and perfusion system data.

The system operates in real time with waveform and digital data displays of information typically available to the perfusion technologist clinically. The timing and accuracy of the presented information is controlled by the program and patient responses calculated with randomly selected deviations.

Major components of the simulation have been compared to clinical data. Mean error for oxygen content was 0.67%, for CO2 transfer -0.014ml/l/min and for heat exchanger performance -0.018°C. The simulation has been used for preclinical student training and found to be effective for both practice and student evaluation.
Thrombocytopenia Absent Radius (TAR)-Syndrome: From Current Genetics to Patient Self-Empowerment
Authors: Strauss Gabriele , Mott Kristina , Klopocki Eva , Schulze Harald
Published: August 2023

Thrombocytopenia absent radius (TAR) syndrome is a rare form of hereditary thrombocytopenia associated with a bilateral radial aplasia. TAR syndrome is genetically defined by the combination of a microdeletion on chromosome 1 which includes the gene RBM8A, and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the second RBM8A allele. While most patients with TAR syndrome harbor a SNP in either the 5′ UTR region or in intron 1 of RBM8A, further SNPs associated with TAR syndrome are still being identified. Here, we report on the current understanding of the genetic basis, diagnosis, and therapy of TAR syndrome and discuss patient self-empowerment by enabling networking and exchange between affected individuals and families.
State-of-the-Art Targeted High-Throughput Sequencing for Detecting Inherited Platelet Disorders
Authors: Gebetsberger Jennifer , Mott Kristina , Bernar Aline , Klopocki Eva , Streif Werner , Schulze Harald
Published: August 2023

Inherited platelet disorders (IPDs) are a heterogeneous group of rare entities caused by molecular divergence in genes relevant for platelet formation and function. A rational diagnostic approach is necessary to counsel and treat patients with IPDs. With the introduction of high-throughput sequencing at the beginning of this millennium, a more accurate diagnosis of IPDs has become available. We discuss advantages and limitations of genetic testing, technical issues, and ethical aspects. Additionally, we provide information on the clinical significance of different classes of variants and how they are correctly reported.
A Golden Synthetic Approach to 2-(1H-Pyrrol-1-yl)anilines and Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines through a Gold Carbene Intermediate
Authors: Menges Nurettin , Tasdemir Volkan , Genç Hasan
Published: August 2023

The pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline skeleton has significant potential for many biological and optical applications. Hence, in this study, unconjugated ynone derivatives were treated with 1,2-diaminoarenes in a gold-catalyzed cyclization to give 2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)anilines, which are valuable starting materials, and pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines by a one-pot and single-step approach. A reaction mechanism for the formation of the pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline skeleton featuring a key gold carbene intermediate is proposed. On the other hand, the methyl group on the C-2 position of the 2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)anilines was oxidized by SeO2 to give the pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline skeleton, resulting in 14 different pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline derivatives.
Frozen Elephant Trunk for Acute Type A Dissection: Is Risk from Procedure or Patient Characteristics?
Authors: Wilson King R. , Carroll Adam M. , Higa Kelly C. , Cleveland Joseph C. , Rove Jessica Y. , Aftab Muhammad , Brett Reece Thomas
Published: August 2023

Background The initial goal of acute Type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) repair remains to get the patient off the table safely. More extensive repair is being pushed at the index operation with the frozen elephant trunk (FET) operation, but outcomes are suggested to be worse. However, we hypothesize that the risk associated with the FET in ATAAD is from the patient presenting factors rather than the operation itself.

Methods A retrospective review of a single institution prospective database from 2015 to 2021 was performed. Two cohorts were created based on the indication for FET: evidence of radiographic malperfusion (n = 44) or clinical malperfusion (n = 31). Data were analyzed for preoperative characteristics, intraoperative characteristics, and postoperative outcomes. Statistical univariate analysis was performed with chi-square analysis and t-tests with significance determined at an alpha level of 0.05.

Results Preoperative characteristics were similar in each group, independent of malperfusion markers. The intraoperative characteristics were similar, except the clinical malperfusion group had more packed red blood cells and cryoprecipitate given. The clinical malperfusion group had longer intensive care unit length of stay (p < 0.001), more postoperative strokes (p < 0.001), more reoperations (p <0.0001), and higher mortality rate (p = 0.0003).

Conclusion These data suggest that clinical malperfusion increases the risk of major complications and death. However, full arch replacement with FET in the absence of clinical malperfusion does not appear to add risk to the operation for ATAAD. Patients with increased risk of distal degeneration should be considered for more aggressive replacement to avoid subsequent arch replacement.
A Potential Antibody–Drug Conjugate Targeting Human LIV1 for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Wei , Liu Hong , Zhuang Wei-Liang , Li Yuan , Xie Li-Ping , Hu You-Jia
Published: August 2023

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which accounts for 15 to 20% of incidents of breast cancer, is the only breast cancer subtype that lacks targeted treatments. It was reported in the literature that LIV1 was highly expressed in TNBC and other solid tumors. This makes LIV1 a potential target for the treatment of TNBC. This study aimed to develop an anti-LIV1 antibody for the treatment of TNBC. In this study, a novel anti-LIV1 antibody Ab1120 was developed and conjugated with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) to obtain the antibody–drug conjugate, Ab1120-vcMMAE. The Cell Counting Kit-8 method was used to assess the killing effect of the antibody–drug conjugate on cell lines MDA-MB−231 (high LIV1 expression of breast cancer cell line), MDA-MB-468 (low LIV1 expression of breast cell line), and 293C18 (LIV1-negative human embryonic kidney cell). The antitumor effect of Ab1120-vcMMAE on an MDA-MB-231 xenograft model was determined by evaluating the tumor volume and body weight after its treatment. In vitro analysis showed that Ab1120-vcMMAE is a potent inhibitor against the proliferation of a LIV1 overexpression cell line. The in vivo results demonstrated its antitumor activity in the cell-derived xenograft breast tumor mouse model. The results of this study suggest that Ab1120-vcMMAE may be used as a new therapeutic drug for patients with LIV1 high-expression breast cancer.
Congenital Bilateral Radio-Humeral Synostosis*
Authors: Yadav V.N.S. , Mall B.
Published: August 2023

A rare case of congenital bilateral undifferentiated elbow with radiohumeral synostosis, with bilateral absence of ulnar ray components in the forearm and hand, with deformities of hands i.e. syndactyly in left hand fingers and hypoplasia of thumb with webbing of first space in the right hand, in a 3 years old female child, is being reported in this communication.
Micro-Angiographic Studies of End-to End Anastomosis of Femoral Artery in Rats*
Authors: Tripathi F.M. , Chaudhury A.K. , Rai D.K.
Published: August 2023

Fifteen albino rats each weighing 300 to 400 gms were selected for micro angiographic studies. Microsurgical end-to-end femoral vein anastomosis was carried out and cream-o-bar 50% aqueous suspension was injected with the help of a D.K. Injector. A patency rate of 73% was achieved in the six week follow up study. Results of angiographic changes observed in the vascular lumen following anastomosis have been analysed and are being presented.
Bilateral Lower Lip Sinuses Associated with Bilateral Cleft Lip
Authors: Khan Masood H. , Khan Arshad H.
Published: August 2023

A case of bilateral lower lip sinuses associated with bilateral cleft of the lip is being presented.
Optical channel aggregation based on modulation format conversion by coherent spectral superposition with electro-optic modulators
Authors: Misra Arijit , Preußler Stefan , Singh Karanveer , Meier Janosch , Schneider Thomas
Published: August 2023

Spectrally efficient modulation formats become essential for optical network scaling as the demand for routed data streams exceeds the present wavelength-division multiplexing systems’ throughput. However, achieving high spectral efficiency at high data rates requires complex and bandwidth-intensive electronics. In this study, we propose an all-optical aggregation scheme that combines multiple low spectral efficiency optical wavelength channels from an optical frequency comb based transmitter into fewer channels with higher spectral efficiency. Our method utilizes coherent spectral superposition and optical vector summation, eliminating the need for optical nonlinearities and relying on linear signal processing with an electro-optic modulator. By adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal driving the modulator, we can easily achieve the required optical phase tuning for vector addition in the I-Q plane. Through experimental demonstrations, we show that the proposed approach enables the generation of 10 GBd PAM-4 and 10 GBd quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signals by aggregating two 10 GBd binary phase shift keying signals. Similarly, we aggregate two 10 GBd QPSK signals into one 10 GBd quadrature amplitude modulation-16 (QAM-16) signal. The experiments employ both conventional and sinc-shaped Nyquist signals. Our in-line, all-optical aggregation concept significantly enhances operational capacity while reducing complexity. It offers a promising solution for realizing flexible integrated optical transmitters for advanced modulation format signals using lower-quality electronics. Additionally, it aligns with the requirements of future dynamically reconfigurable optical networks that leverage spectral traffic aggregation. Given its reliance on linear signal processing with an electro-optic modulator, the integration of the method into any integrated photonic platform is straightforward.
In situ time-resolved Raman spectroscopy of nitromethane under static and dynamic compression
Authors: Chaurasia S. , Mohan Ashutosh , Mishra Ajay K. , Sijoy C. D. , Mishra V.
Published: August 2023

Energetic materials are extensively used as propellants in rockets demanding the understanding of their chemical and thermal stability for safe storage and transportation as well as ease of decomposition. Nitromethane (NM) is one such material with significant performance advantage over other mono propellants. In this manuscript, we report the detailed molecular-level behavior of NM under static and dynamic compression. Dynamic compression experiments were performed up to ∼6.4 GPa using a 2 J/8 ns Nd: YAG laser coupled with time-resolved Raman spectroscopy (TRRS) setup. Static compression experiments were performed up to ∼20 GPa using a diamond anvil cell. During laser-driven shock compression, NM undergoes three phase transitions at 1.1, 2.5, and 3.4 GPa. However, in the case of static compression, the corresponding phase transitions were observed at 0.3, 1.3–1.8, and 2.5 GPa. TRRS was also performed at 300 mJ (1.47 GW/cm2), 500 mJ (2.45 GW/cm2), and 800 mJ (3.9 GW/cm2) and intensity ratios of shocked and un-shocked Raman peaks were utilized to experimentally calculate the shock velocities, which were determined to be 2.66 ± 0.09, 3.58 ± 0.40, and 3.83 ± 0.60 km/s, respectively. These experimental results were corroborated with the one-dimensional (1D) radiation hydrodynamics simulations, performed to obtain shock pressure. The shock velocities at these laser intensities were calculated to be 2.98, 3.69, and 3.92 km/s, respectively, which are in reasonably close agreement with our observed results.
Spectrally shaped and pulse-by-pulse multiplexed multimode squeezed states of light
Authors: Kouadou Tiphaine , Sansavini F. , Ansquer M. , Henaff J. , Treps N. , Parigi V.
Published: August 2023

Spectral- and time-multiplexing are currently explored to generate large multipartite quantum states of light for quantum technologies. In the continuous variable approach, the deterministic generation of scalable entangled states requires the generation of a scalable number of squeezed modes. Here, we demonstrate the simultaneous generation of 21 squeezed spectral modes at the repetition rate of our laser, i.e., 156 MHz. We exploit the full repetition rate and the pulse shaping of a femtosecond light source to combine, for the first time, frequency- and time-multiplexing in multimode squeezing. This paves the way for the implementation of multipartite entangled states that are both scalable and fully reconfigurable.
Numerical investigation of unsteady aerodynamic characteristics induced by the interaction of oblique/bow shock waves during rotation
Authors: Wang Dagao , Han Guilai , Liu Meikuan , Jiang Zonglin
Published: August 2023

The interactions between oblique and bow shock waves are significant problems related to the aerodynamic force and thermal performance of hypersonic vehicles, but few studies have considered the dynamic effect of the body's motion on the phenomena. In this work, a numerical study on the oblique and bow shock waves ahead of an elliptic cylinder rotating with a forced-oscillation approach was conducted at Mach 5 by solving the unsteady, two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations in a non-inertial coordinate system. The hysteresis loops of aerodynamic coefficients were analyzed first, and it was found that the moment is sensitive to rotation. Then, two different hysteresis forms were found at positive and negative angles of rotation (AOR), corresponding to cases with the interference point above or below the wall, respectively. When AOR is positive, the rate-dependent transition hysteresis among various shock interaction types causes the movement of strong flow structures (reflected shock wave, Mach stem, and jet) to always lag behind the body's motion. When AOR is negative, besides the evolution hysteresis of flow structures, two unusual patterns between Edney Types III and VI were observed on different transition paths, which led to very different peak pressures. Also discussed are the driving mechanisms associated with the effect of the subsonic region and the downstream boundary of the interaction zone, as well as the modulating action of the formed virtual Laval flow channel. Additional simulations were performed to study the effect of rotation speed on the transition boundary and the transition structures between Types III and VI.
Deep reinforcement learning-based digital twin for droplet microfluidics control
Authors: Gyimah Nafisat , Scheler Ott , Rang Toomas , Pardy Tamás
Published: August 2023

This study applied deep reinforcement learning (DRL) with the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm within a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to achieve closed-loop control in microfluidics. The objective was to achieve the desired droplet size with minimal variability in a microfluidic capillary flow-focusing device. An artificial neural network was utilized to map sensing signals (flow pressure and droplet size) to control actions (continuous phase inlet pressure). To validate the numerical model, simulation results were compared with experimental data, which demonstrated a good agreement with errors below 11%. The PPO algorithm effectively controlled droplet size across various targets (50, 60, 70, and 80 μm) with different levels of precision. The optimized DRL + CFD framework successfully achieved droplet size control within a coefficient of variation (CV%) below 5% for all targets, outperforming the case without control. Furthermore, the adaptability of the PPO agent to external disturbances was extensively evaluated. By subjecting the system to sinusoidal mechanical vibrations with frequencies ranging from 10 Hz to 10 KHz and amplitudes between 50 and 500 Pa, the PPO algorithm demonstrated efficacy in handling disturbances within limits, highlighting its robustness. Overall, this study showcased the implementation of the DRL+CFD framework for designing and investigating novel control algorithms, advancing the field of droplet microfluidics control research.
Newly exploring the Lax pair, bilinear form, bilinear Bäcklund transformation through binary Bell polynomials, and analytical solutions for the (2 + 1)-dimensional generalized Hirota–Satsuma–Ito equation
Authors: Singh Shailendra , Saha Ray S.
Published: August 2023

The (2+1)-dimensional generalized Hirota–Satsuma–Ito equation describing the numerous wave dynamics in shallow waters is investigated in this study. The integrable characteristics of the aforesaid equation, such as a bilinear Bäcklund transformation and Lax pair, are revealed using the Bell polynomials method. First, using this technique, with the aid of Hirota operators, the bilinear form is constructed for the considered equation. In addition, the bilinear Bäcklund transformation and the Lax pair of the aforesaid equation are derived successfully using the bilinear form. Moreover, the bilinear form is also used to construct analytical solutions utilizing the three-wave approach with a test function. While using this method, numerous analytical solutions are derived, which are not presented in the literature. A three-dimensional graph has been plotted for each of the obtained results by giving the appropriate values of the free parameters. These plots reveal a wide variety of wave behavior, such as kink-soliton, periodic wave, anti-kink soliton, and complex periodic wave solutions.
An experimental investigation of shear-driven rivulets on a flat plate by using a two-perspective view
Authors: Schlottke A. , Zimmermann M. , Weigand B.
Published: August 2023

Shear-driven liquid rivulet flow on a horizontal plate is experimentally investigated. In contrast to publications found in the literature, a two-side view on the rivulet is used to simultaneously capture the side and top view. This enables more accurate measurements of the rivulet dimensions and the subsequent calculation of derived quantities. Throughout the experimental test campaign, the ambient gas velocity and the liquid mass flux are altered. In a first qualitative analysis, the occurring rivulet flow regimes are classified and mapped depending on the gas Reynolds number ReG and the rivulet Weber number We. Furthermore, the goal is to quantify the correlation between characteristic rivulet dimensions and the ambient conditions, with a focus on straight and surging rivulets. The quantitative analysis results in an implicit correlation for the rivulet width and height depending solely on the ambient gas velocity and the rivulet mass flow. The investigation of the rivulet wavelength reveals an analogous dependence on the ambient gas velocity. However, the dependence on the rivulet mass flow changes depending on the rivulet flow regimes.
Reflective color filters based on SiO2/Cu multilayer stacks
Authors: Briones Edgar , Sanchez Sindy , Vergara Carmen , Briones Joel
Published: August 2023

Due to strong inter-band transitions, the optical response of copper exhibits a high light absorbance in the visible region of the spectrum, recovering blue wavelengths and reflecting a reddish color. In this contribution, copper is split into subwavelength thin films, which are separated by silicon dioxide dielectric layers to take advantage of photonic bandgaps, which subtract bands from the reflected light and, thus, give rise to a wide range of reflective colors, including blue. Using numerical simulations, we investigate the photonic bandgaps of SiO2/Cu stacks, enabled by Fabry–Pérot transmission resonances, which demonstrate the color tunability of these structures.
A numerical study of the Van der Pol model derived by the Caputo–Fabrizio operator
Authors: Jafari H. , Ganji R. M. , Ramroodi N. , Salati S. , Ganji D. D.
Published: August 2023

The study of nonlinear oscillators is an important topic in the development of the theory of dynamical systems. In this research, a nonlinear fractional model is introduced, which is called the fractional Van der Pol model. This modified model is derived using the Caputo–Fabrizio operator. Achieving the solution of this model is not easy. Therefore, in this research, an efficient algorithm for solving this fractional model is evaluated. This algorithm is supported by the three-step Adams–Bashforth process. A significant feature of this research is the graphical presentation of achieving limit cycles for various parameters.
Iconic gestures serve as primes for both auditory and visual word forms
Authors: Sánchez-Borges Iván , Álvarez Carlos J.
Published: August 2023

Previous studies using cross-modal semantic priming have found that iconic gestures prime target words that are related with the gestures. In the present study, two analogous experiments examined this priming effect presenting prime and targets in high synchrony. In Experiment 1, participants performed an auditory primed lexical decision task where target words (e.g., “push”) and pseudowords had to be discriminated, primed by overlapping iconic gestures that could be semantically related (e.g., moving both hands forward) or not with the words. Experiment 2 was similar but with both gestures and words presented visually. The grammatical category of the words was also manipulated: they were nouns and verbs. It was found that words related to gestures were recognized faster and with fewer errors than the unrelated ones in both experiments and similarly for both types of words.
SIOF
Authors: Mac Gearailt Breandán , Mac Ruairc Gerry , Murray Clíona
Published: August 2023

The language learning outcomes of students in CLIL settings outstrip those of their peers who study the language
in stand-alone classes. Research also indicates that in some cases the language development of CLIL students lacks grammatical
accuracy, appropriate syntax, and lexical specificity. To combat this, CLIL teachers need to interweave the teaching of content
and language. This can be a complex task as the vast majority of CLIL teachers do not have specific CLIL training. The issue is
particularly complex at secondary level where teachers are content specialists. This article presents the research and theoretical
underpinnings of SIOF, a pedagogical tool that focuses on scaffolding, input, output and feedback practices in the classroom. This
tool has been developed to guide teachers in their efforts to place a more explicit focus on language. The authors discuss how
SIOF can lead to what they term a Language Sensitive Learning Environment and the development of both language proficiency and
subject knowledge.
Negotiating identities in stories of anti-Chinese racism during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Stavridou Anastasia , Huang Haiyan , Schoofs Kim , Schnurr Stephanie , Van De Mieroop Dorien
Published: August 2023

Since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, there has been an upsurge of anti-Chinese racism. This paper investigates the socio-pragmatic processes through which Chinese international students in Belgium discursively deal with othering processes in the stories they tell about racist incidents during semi-structured research interviews. These processes are closely linked to various identities which are sometimes projected upon them and often take the form of the Standardised Relational Pair of victim and perpetrator. Our analysis illustrates the complexities of these multi-directional othering processes which span a continuum from merely acknowledging to challenging and rejecting. Findings not only contribute to current conceptualisations of othering, but also give a voice to those who are othered and demonstrate that they can be powerful agents who may find ways of speaking up and re-claiming agency rather than silently accepting the victim identities that are often assigned to them.
Le gérondif à l’aune de l’opposition anaphore / cataphore
Authors: Theissen Anne
Published: August 2023

Notre objectif est d’aborder le gérondif sous un angle inhabituel, celui de l’opposition anaphore / cataphore.
Notre analyse comportera trois parties. Dans la première, nous nous interrogerons sur la quasi-absence de la problématique
anaphore / cataphore dans les études sur le gérondif. Dans la deuxième partie, nous montrerons, en partant de
son statut de prédication lacunaire, que les lacunes présentées par un gérondif ne peuvent être comblées que par voie
« endophorique », c’est-à-dire anaphoriquement et / ou cataphoriquement. Enfin, dans la dernière partie, seront décrites les
différentes configurations anaphoriques et cataphoriques auxquelles peut donner lieu un gérondif, avec la mise en avant de celles
qui relèvent de la cataphore.
Les fonctions discursives de la cataphore
Authors: Jollin-Bertocchi Sophie
Published: August 2023

La cataphore contrevient au principe d’économie linguistique et implique un coût cognitif élevé, ce qui conduit à
s’interroger sur les conditions de son apparition. À partir d’un corpus issu de la base Frantext (XIXe et XXe s.), on se demande
de quelle manière le SN une chose en emploi cataphorique participe à la cohésion discursive. Les énoncés reposent
sur des constructions syntaxiques variées et divers effets de rupture discursive, et dans une série d’emplois une
chose fait l’objet d’une modalisation restrictive. L’enracinement des énoncés dans l’expression de l’intensité et de
la subjectivité expliquerait le recours à une structure peu économique, qui se rattache sémantiquement aussi bien au contexte
antérieur qu’au contexte postérieur, assurant la continuité textuelle à travers cette tension.