bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Development: A Critical Literature Review
Authors: Fitriani Hana
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This critical literature review explores the impact of foreign aid on economic development. It aims to analyze the existing studies in order to determine the relationship between foreign aid and economic development and identify any key patterns or inconsistencies in the findings.
Study design/methodology/approach: The review adopts a systematic approach by conducting a comprehensive search of relevant academic articles and reports. The collected literature is then screened based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the selection of high-quality and rigorous studies. The findings from the selected studies are synthesized and analyzed to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of foreign aid on economic development.
Findings: The analysis of the reviewed studies reveals a complex and nuanced relationship between foreign aid and economic development. While some studies suggest a positive relationship by emphasizing the role of aid in promoting economic growth and reducing poverty, others highlight potential negative consequences, such as aid dependency and crowding out of domestic investment. Additionally, the effectiveness of aid is found to be heavily influenced by various contextual factors, including recipient country governance, policy frameworks, and aid allocation mechanisms. Overall, the findings indicate a need for a more targeted and context-specific approach to foreign aid to maximize its positive impacts on economic development.
Originality/value: This literature review contributes to the existing body of knowledge by synthesizing a wide range of studies and providing a comprehensive understanding of the impact of foreign aid on economic development. By identifying key patterns and inconsistencies in the findings, this review offers valuable insights for policymakers, aid organizations, and researchers working in the field of international development. The examination of contextual factors and the call for a more targeted approach add depth to the understanding of the complex relationship between foreign aid and economic development, thereby advancing the discourse in this area.
Harnessing the Power of Digitalization and Accounting Information Systems for Enhanced Efficiency and Accuracy
Authors: Sonjaya Yaya , Prasetianingrum Septyana
Published: June 2024

This research aims to investigate the relationship between accounting practices and organizational structures through a qualitative literature review. The research design involves a systematic search strategy to identify relevant literature, followed by data collection from academic databases, journals, and books. Thematic analysis is employed to synthesize and interpret the findings, revealing several key insights. Traditional hierarchical structures are associated with centralized accounting systems, facilitating efficient monitoring and coordination of financial activities. However, decentralization offers flexibility and autonomy, albeit with coordination challenges. Hybrid organizational forms present a balance between efficiency and adaptability. Technological advancements further shape organizational structures and accounting practices, enhancing agility and transparency. The findings underscore the importance of aligning accounting practices with organizational structures to optimize performance. Implications suggest the need for organizations to carefully consider structural and accounting choices to achieve strategic objectives and adapt to market dynamics effectively. Further research should explore the impact of emerging technologies on accounting practices and organizational structures longitudinally.
Comparative Analysis of Educational Development Strategies in Emerging Economies
Authors: Nugroho Rizki
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of educational development strategies implemented in emerging economies. The study aims to identify the various approaches and methodologies adopted by these economies to enhance their educational systems and highlight the similarities and differences between them.
Study design/methodology/approach: This research utilizes a qualitative approach by conducting an extensive literature review and analyzing various case studies of educational development strategies in emerging economies. The analysis is based on key indicators such as government policies, funding mechanisms, curriculum reforms, teacher training programs, and use of technology.
Findings: The findings of the study reveal that emerging economies have implemented diverse educational development strategies tailored to their unique socio-economic and cultural contexts. While certain countries focus on infrastructure development to enhance access to education, others prioritize curriculum reforms to improve the quality of education. Furthermore, some countries invest heavily in teacher training programs and the integration of technology, while others rely on international collaborations for knowledge transfer and capacity building.
Originality/value: This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive comparative analysis of educational development strategies in emerging economies. It highlights the different approaches employed by these countries, shedding light on effective strategies that can be replicated or adapted in similar contexts. The findings of this research will be valuable for policymakers, educators, and researchers to gain insights into successful educational development initiatives and make informed decisions to harness the potential of emerging economies' educational systems
The Role of Internal Auditing in Upholding Corporate Governance Standards
Authors: Pangastuti Leli Agustina
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research is to explore the multifaceted role of internal auditing in upholding corporate governance standards, with a focus on its contributions to transparency, accountability, and integrity within organizations. The research design and methodology entail a comprehensive literature review approach, systematically identifying and synthesizing existing scholarly works, theoretical frameworks, and empirical studies related to internal auditing and corporate governance. Findings and discussions from the literature review underscore the critical importance of internal audit functions in promoting transparency, accountability, and integrity within organizations through independent assessments of internal control systems, risk management processes, and regulatory compliance. The implications of the research extend to practical guidance for organizational governance and risk management practices, emphasizing the need for organizations to invest in internal audit resources, foster a culture of transparency and accountability, and explore innovative audit practices, such as the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning.
The Transformative Implications of Technology on Accounting Practices
Authors: Shaleh Musliha
Published: June 2024

The integration of technology in accounting practices has spurred transformative implications, reshaping traditional processes and redefining the roles of accountants in the digital era. This study aims to explore these implications, employing a systematic literature review methodology to analyze existing scholarly works. Technological advancements, including cloud computing, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Big Data analytics, have emerged as key enablers, offering automation, efficiency, and real-time data access. Findings indicate that these technologies have significantly enhanced efficiency and accuracy in financial reporting, allowing accountants to focus on higher-value tasks. However, challenges such as cybersecurity threats and ethical dilemmas accompany the adoption of technology in accounting. The evolving role of accountants, from data processors to strategic advisors, underscores the need for continuous upskilling and adaptation to remain relevant. This evolution also highlights the importance of fostering a culture of innovation and collaboration within organizations. The implications of these findings extend to educational institutions, which must integrate technological competencies into accounting curricula, and to policymakers, who play a crucial role in ensuring responsible and inclusive technology deployment. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of technology's transformative impact on accounting practices and underscores the importance of adapting to the changing digital landscape.
Analyzing the Impact of IRS Actions on Tax Compliance from Individuals to Corporate Entities
Authors: Kurnia Mega
Published: June 2024

The study investigates the multifaceted dynamics of tax compliance behavior across individual and corporate entities, aiming to elucidate the impact of IRS actions on compliance outcomes. Employing a multi-perspective approach, integrating insights from psychology, sociology, economics, and law, the research examines the intricate interplay of individual, organizational, and institutional factors shaping taxpayer behavior. Methodologically, the study draws on a comprehensive analysis of existing literature and empirical evidence, synthesizing findings from various disciplinary perspectives. Key findings underscore the significant influence of enforcement measures, such as audits and penalties, in deterring non-compliance and promoting voluntary adherence to tax laws. Moreover, the research highlights the role of psychological motivations, organizational norms, and societal perceptions in shaping compliance decisions. The implications of the study extend to policymakers and tax authorities, emphasizing the importance of adopting a balanced and nuanced approach to enforcement strategies. By addressing the challenges outlined in the discussion, policymakers can develop evidence-based interventions that enhance compliance culture, strengthen enforcement efforts, and foster public trust in the tax system. The study underscores the need for future research to explore the complex interactions between taxpayer education, enforcement actions, and compliance behavior, as well as the sustainability of compliance outcomes over time.
Exploring Tax Accounting Rules and Their Influence on Financial Reporting
Authors: Muslim Muslim
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore the intricate relationship between tax accounting rules and financial reporting outcomes, delving into the determinants of effective tax rates (ETRs) and the implications of tax planning strategies for financial reporting integrity. Employing a systematic literature review approach, this research synthesizes findings from various theoretical perspectives and empirical studies to provide a comprehensive overview of the complexities inherent in tax-related financial reporting. The research design and methodology involve an extensive review of existing literature, encompassing studies from multidisciplinary fields such as accounting, economics, law, and management. By analyzing the findings and discussions from these studies, the study identifies key determinants of ETRs, including industry characteristics, firm size, profitability, tax planning strategies, and corporate governance mechanisms. Additionally, the study examines the implications of tax planning strategies for financial reporting integrity, considering insights from agency theory, signaling theory, and regulatory perspectives. The findings and discussions underscore the importance of considering industry-specific dynamics, governance mechanisms, and regulatory interventions in evaluating firms' tax compliance behaviors and financial reporting practices. Moreover, the study highlights the multifaceted implications of tax planning strategies for stakeholders, emphasizing the need for enhanced disclosure, transparency, and ethical considerations in tax-related matters. The implications of this study extend to policymakers, regulators, practitioners, and scholars, providing evidence-based insights for designing effective regulatory frameworks, corporate governance practices, and compliance strategies. By addressing emerging trends such as digitalization, globalization, and regulatory reforms, stakeholders can foster a culture of transparency, accountability, and trust in financial reporting practices, thereby safeguarding investor interests and promoting market integrity.
Property Taxes and Their Implications on the Real Estate Market: A Literature Review
Authors: Adil Muhammad , Syafaruddin Syafaruddin
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive overview of property taxes and their implications on the real estate market, encompassing economic, social, political, and environmental dimensions. The research design and methodology involve a systematic literature review, drawing upon insights from various disciplinary perspectives, including economics, public policy, urban planning, and environmental studies. The findings and discussion highlight the multifaceted nature of the relationship between property taxes and real estate markets, emphasizing the capitalization of property taxes into property values, the distributive effects of tax policies, and the socio-political dimensions of tax reform. The implications of this research extend beyond academic inquiry to inform policy debates and practical interventions aimed at fostering sustainable urban development and inclusive growth. Policymakers, practitioners, and researchers can utilize the insights from this research to develop holistic strategies for property tax reform that promote equity, transparency, and accountability in governance.
The Influence of Carbon Tax on Green Economy: A Literature Analysis
Authors: Ikhtiari Kirana , Nurfadila Nurfadila , Ibrahim Fifi Nurafifah
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of carbon taxation in advancing the green economy agenda, with a focus on its effectiveness, distributional implications, and policy implications. Employing a qualitative literature review methodology, the research synthesizes existing scholarly literature to comprehensively explore diverse perspectives, theoretical frameworks, and empirical findings within the field. The study formulates specific research questions to guide the literature review process, focusing on key themes such as the theoretical underpinnings of carbon taxation, empirical evidence on its effectiveness, challenges and barriers to implementation, and policy implications. Through a systematic search strategy and rigorous quality appraisal techniques, relevant academic sources are identified and critically analyzed to extract key insights, identify recurring themes, and establish connections between different perspectives. The findings underscore the effectiveness of carbon taxation in reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable development, supported by empirical evidence and economic theories. However, the study also highlights distributional implications and equity considerations, emphasizing the need for targeted policy interventions to address social equity concerns. The implications of the study extend to policymakers, businesses, and civil society organizations, emphasizing the importance of integrating carbon pricing with complementary policies and institutional frameworks to enhance its effectiveness in achieving green economy objectives.
Social Networks and the Development of Students’ Social Competences
Authors: Marković Marija , Stanisavljević Petrović Zorica , Pavlović Dragana
Published: June 2024

Social competencies of students are crucial for successful studying and further academic careers, as they encompass communication, teamwork, and collaboration skills. Social networks offer opportunities for interaction and the exchange of ideas with peers and mentors. Therefore, it is important to study the relationship between social networks and social competencies to better understand the opportunities and challenges faced by students. The primary aim of this research is to examine students’ perceptions of the impact of social networks on the development of their social competencies. A descriptive research method was employed, and data were collected using a specially designed assessment scale. The research sample is purposive, comprising students from the Faculty of Philosophy in Niš (N=314). The results indicate that students are generally ambivalent about the influence of social networks on their social development, suggesting the need for a deeper understanding of this relationship. Students primarily perceive social networks as communication channels used for maintaining contact and exchanging information. Additionally, students view social networks as potential platforms for collaboration with peers, as well as friends and other community members.
OPTIMASI OPERASIONAL HELPDESK: SELEKSI SISTEM TIKET MELALUI PENDEKATAN AHP
Authors: Ramadhani Yogi , Safikri Naufal Syafiq , Kusuma Bagus Adi
Published: June 2024

Seiring berjalannya waktu, ketersediaan dan kebutuhan terkait teknologi dan sistem informasi pun semakin bertambah. Banyak perusahaan yang terus meningkatkan efisiensinya dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan tersebut, salah satunya adalah efisiensi pengumpulan, pengolahan, dan pemantauan data dan informasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi sistem tiket helpdesk untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pengumpulan, pengolahan, dan pelacakan data dan informasi dalam suatu perusahaan. Saat ini sudah banyak tersedia aplikasi helpdesk ticketing system (HTS). Namun hal ini menimbulkan kebingungan dan keraguan bagi perusahaan yang baru mulai menggunakan aplikasi HTS untuk menentukan mana yang harus dipilih. Proses hierarki analitis (AHP) merupakan metode yang tepat untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan dalam menyelesaikan masalah ini. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memudahkan calon pengguna aplikasi sistem ticketing helpdesk dalam memilih aplikasi yang paling sesuai dengan kebutuhannya dengan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari beberapa alternatif aplikasi sistem ticketing helpdesk, sistem memberikan rekomendasi penggunaan osTicket dengan bobot 0,335.
PERENCANAAN INSTALASI PENERANGAN PADA GEDUNG FAKULTAS BIOLOGI UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN
Authors: Kartika Kartika , Nugroho Daru Tri , Zulfa Mulki Indana
Published: June 2024

The Biology Faculty Building at Jendral Soedirman University is one of the new buildings that will be built by Jendral Soedirman University. The building is still in the planning process and has 3 floors with different rooms. This final project research uses the literature study method to analyze various aspects related to building electrical installations including calculating the index for each room, calculating lighting requirements, calculating total lighting power, determining the cross-sectional area of ​​cables, and calculating the current carrying capacity (KHA) requirements that will be used for the building. Faculty of Biology, Jendral Soedirman University. Calculation analysis will be carried out using Microsoft Excel 2016 software and the results will be adjusted to the General Requirements for Electrical Installation (PUIL) 2000 standards. Apart from that, the electrical installation design process also uses AutoCad 2021 software. The results of the planning analysis will be used as a guide for implementing building construction. The aim of this final project research is to plan a lighting installation system that is important for learning and teaching needs, as well as prioritizing comfort for students and lecturers. Therefore, the lighting installation system must also comply with the 2000 General Electrical Installation Requirements (PUIL) standards.
Optimalisasi Campuran Silika Oksida dan Karbon Aktif dalam Proses Adsorbsi Fosfat dari Limbah Hasil Laundry
Authors: Basalamah Faisal Riza , Andi Suryanto , Takdir Syarif
Published: June 2024

Laundry atau yang dikenal dengan jasa cuci pakaian saat ini merupakan suatu aktifitas yang tumbuh pesat di tengah masyarakat modern. Perilaku dari aktifitas ini menghasilkan limbah buangan yang sangat beragam ke lingkungan. Salah satunya adalah Fosfat (P) yang dihasilkan oleh detergen dan hasil reaksi antara zat additif yang ada pada pakaian dan detergen pencuci. Untuk melakukan pengendalian kepada limbah buangan laundry tersebut, maka diperlukan suatu proses penyerapan atau adsorbsi terhadap Fosfat (P) yang dapat mencemari lingkungan. Secara umum adosrben yang ada di pasaran dan cukup dikenal adalah Silika Oksida (SiO2) dan Karbon Aktif ( C ). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari angka optimalisasi rasio penggunaan adsorben silika oksida dan/atau karbon aktif dalam proses penyerapan Fosfat (P) dalam limbah buangan laundry. Perlakukan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan memvariasikan berat adsorben yaitu 50 gram silika oksida, 15 gram silika oksida dan 35 gram karbon aktif, 25 gram silika oksida dan 25 gram karbon aktif, 35 gram silika oksida 15 gram karbon aktif dan 50 gram karbon aktif kedalam limbah sebanyak 250 ml larutan limbah dan diaduk didalam erlenmeyer selama 150 menit. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa penggunaan karbon aktif tunggal sebagai adsorben memberikan daya adsorbsi yang lebih besar dari pada seluruh variasi perlakuan yang dilakukan. Untuk penggunaan karbon aktif jumlah Fosfat (P) terserap sebanyak 61,18%. Sedangkan untuk penambahan silika oksida lebih dari 70% menyebabkan penurunan daya adsorbsi yang semakin besar. Tercatat untuk penggunaan adsorben 35 gram silika oksida dan 15 gram karbon aktif, Fosfat (P) yang terserap hanya sebesar 6,86%.
Analisis Kualitas Perairan Laut di Sekitar Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap Punagaya Jeneponto
Authors: Khusnul Khatimah , Hildayani Hildayani
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi kualitas air di perairan sekitar pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU) Punagaya Kabupaten Jeneponto dalam kaitannya dengan tingkat pencemaran laut. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2021 - November 2022. Pengambilan data penelitian dilakukan setiap 6 bulan sekali selama 4 semester (Mei 2021, November 2021, Mei 2022, dan November 2022) yang terdiri dari 4 stasiun penelitian. Parameter fisika, kimia dan biologi perairan diukur secara in-situ dan ex-situ. Pengukuran parameter suhu, kecerahan, salinitas, dan pH dilakukan secara langsung (in-situ) di lapangan sedangkan parameter DO, BOD, dan total bakteri coliform dilakukan secara ex-situ dengan mengambil sampel air untuk dianalisis di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua parameter kualitas air yang diukur di setiap stasiun penelitian masih berada dalam ambang batas perairan.
Onko ei-kaupallisten verkkosivujen kääntäminen globaalille yleisölle lokalisointia? Käsitteiden ja termien pohdintaa
Authors: Penttilä Esa
Published: June 2024

This article discusses the notion of website localization and how the definitions of the notion apply to the phenomenon of adapting non-commercial informative websites to international audiences. The phenomenon differs to such an extent from the various other contexts usually discussed in connection with web localization that the traditional definitions of localization do not seem totally applicable to it. In addition to various definitions of localization, the article also reviews various other closely related concepts and contemplates whether they would suit the activities involved in creating non-commercial informative websites for international audiences better than the traditional notion of localization does. The discussion is primarily theoretical, but by determining the activities involved in this particular type of website translation, the article hopes to offer ideas that also benefit practical website translation. The article ends with a suggestion as to what term could be used to describe the “localization” of digital material to international audiences (especially in non-commercial contexts).
Suomalaisten av-alan toimijoiden tekstityskonventioiden vertailua
Authors: Lång Juha
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to compare the subtitling conventions that are used by some of the biggest suppliers of subtitles in the Finnish broadcasting market, namely Yle (the Finnish public broadcasting company), MTV Media, Pre-Text and SDI Media. The analysis was done by comparing the companies’ subtitling guidebooks or quality manuals both quantitatively and qualitatively. The analysis shows that there is great variation in the length of the guidebooks, but very little variation in the actual content of the conventions. Surprisingly, Yle, which is known for the quality of the subtitles it broadcasts, gives only broad guidelines for the subtitles, while MTV Media and SDI Media provide very detailed rules. This reflects the differences in production networks: Yle has an in-house translation department, where the translators have an opportunity to interact with each other, while SDI Media and MTV Media use freelancers, who work more or less in isolation. Since the quality standards for subtitles seem to be uniform between the companies, the differences in quality must lie elsewhere. The results suggest that further research into production networks could provide valuable information on the issue.
Tolkning i sjukhusmiljö – vem tolkar för vem, när och varför?
Authors: Vik Gun-Viol , Välimaa Jari-Pekka
Published: June 2024

The article focuses on healthcare interpreting in a hospital from the point of view of the staff. The research is based on an electronic questionnaire sent to the staff of a district hospital, Vaasa Central Hospital.The aim of the study is to explore bilingual and interpreting practices in a hospital serving a population of 166,000, of whom 51% speak Swedish as their first language, 45% Finnish and 4% other languages. In the hospital both Finnish and Swedish are used in parallel in most functions.
According to the more than 500 respondents of the questionnaire, professional interpreters are often used for other languages than Finnish and Swedish, but up to 49% of the respondents report that they themselves have acted as interpreters, mostly in the language pair Finnish–Swedish. Of the hospital staff, doctors are the most often mentioned parties to situations where professional or non-professional interpreting is required, and they also act as interpreters themselves. This indicates a need for further discussion on existing practices and their ethical implications for the hospital as a bi- and multilingual organization.
Monikielisen tekstin kääntämisen strategiat
Authors: Nurmi Arja
Published: June 2024

Translating multilingual texts is still a new field of inquiry. This study discusses the translation strategies adopted by second-year translation students in an assignment where they translated part of Patricia Grace’s short story “The Dream” into Finnish. The strategies for dealing with the Maori passages in the story varied as to how much of the Maori was preserved and how many explanatory translations were included in the text. This was manifested in both the translations themselves and the accompanying translation commentaries. Many translators showed an in-depth understanding of the nuances relevant to representing an ethnic minority of another culture in a way that was not exoticising.
Kävijät, puhujat, järjestäjät Katsaus KäTu-symposiumisarjan kymmenvuotiseen historiaan
Authors: Hartama-Heinonen Ritva , Paloposki Outi , Salmi Leena
Published: June 2024

KäTu is the abbreviation used to denote the Symposia of Translation and Interpreting Studies held in Finland since 2003. Celebrating the tenth anniversary of the KäTu activities, this article sheds light on the history and the development of these annual two-day symposia, and presents both qualitative and quantitative information starting from the very beginning, that is to say, from the planning and arranging of the first KäTu symposium in Turku 2003 (with a presymposium in Vaasa 2002) up to the present-day KäTu pursuits. The focus in this cross-section approach lies on those who have participated, on those who have given a plenary speech or read a section paper, as well as on those who have been involved in the organisation of the symposia.
Interferenssi ja transferenssi vanhoissa virsikäännöksissä
Authors: Helin Irmeli
Published: June 2024

Throughout history, translation has been among the most important methods for creating a new, standardized written language. Translating from various source languages has provided tools for shaping the grammatical structures and lexical norms of the target language. On the other hand, the transfer process has unavoidably resulted in SL interferences on the morphological, syntactic or lexical levels. Interference was probably particularly common when the target language lacked standardization, which was the case with the early translations of Christian texts such as Biblical and liturgical texts and hymns. In this paper, the author analyzes a 4th- century Latin hymn, Te Deum laudamus by Ambrosius, and its eight Finnish and five German translations from the 16th through the 20th centuries, as well as one Swedish translation from the 16th century. The aim is to discover whether there were cases of the different types of interference in the oldest translations that were subsequently reformulated in the retranslations. If SL interference was still present in the retranslations, it was further investigated whether the linguistic phenomena concerned have become part of standardized target language as transference, or whether they have only been preserved in the hymns to give them an archaic touch.
Translation Studies and the fascination and illusion of multidisciplinarity
Authors: Hartama-Heinonen Ritva
Published: June 2024

Within the field of Translation Studies, multi/pluri-, inter-, and trans/crossdisciplinarity are long-standing and often proudly presented attributes to describe the versatile theoretical and methodological vantage points and choices. This article investigates the explicit visibility of this -disciplinarity terminology in translation-theoretical contributions and seminar presentations and also discusses the noticeable and more or less ambivalent attitude towards the impulses brought from other disciplines, as manifested in translation research. In addition, the discussion endeavours to address closely related questions, such as what is presented or regarded as an interdisciplinary study; what is the core, and the margins, as well as the role of the distinction centre–periphery in the emergence and evolution of translation-theoretical paradigms; and finally, whether interdisciplinarity, in the end, means integration, fragmentation, or diversification.
Problems and advantages of multidisciplinarity: Some practical observations from a multidisciplinary Translation Studies project
Authors: Hekkanen Raila
Published: June 2024

This article is a practically oriented case study on a multidisciplinary Translation Studies project, my PhD thesis (Hekkanen 2010), involving a combination of translation archaeology, translation sociology and text analysis. It aims to demonstrate some practical problems and advantages related to combining several methods in a one-author project. The main advantages in this case were the possibility to obtain a wider perspective of a field where previous research was scarce and the ability to use various materials and methods to support each others’ findings. Problems, on the other hand, involved problems fitting different types of data together, questions on the extent to which the various methods in fact address the “same” phenomenon, and issues in reporting the results in an approachable manner. The main aim of the article is to make it easier for researchers in the early stages of their career who are planning to embark on a multidisciplinary project to prepare for the task ahead.
Mitä käännösprosessi ja -produkti kertovat opiskelijan kompetenssista?
Authors: Kumpulainen Minna
Published: June 2024

Expertise studies in the field of translation have yielded valuable information on typical novice behavior in translation. From the teaching point of view, however, considering all students as novices appears to be poorly justified. While one student may show all prototypical tendencies of a novice translator, the other may translate in an almost professional manner. My PhD thesis aims at shedding light on different ways of learning translation. Its first phase focuses on describing different starting points, i.e. discovering what declarative and procedural knowledge of translation the students of translation possess at the beginning of their studies. In this article, the translation processes and products of four first-year students are presented and discussed with the aim of depicting their starting points with regard to translation-related competence.
Käännöstieteen ja narratologian yhteispeliä: Tutkimuskohteena näkökulman muuttuminen käännöksissä
Authors: Kuusi Päivi
Published: June 2024

In translation, the narrative point of view of the original may be altered – for example, it may shift from a fictional character to the narrator. In the present study, the observed shifts in point of view are approached through the narratological notion of free indirect discourse (FID) and accounted for with the translation-theoretical notions of explicitation and normalization, posited as universals of translation. The loss of FID in translations – and the consequent shifts in the narrative point of view – result from various linguistic changes. However, when these changes are conceived of as different manifestations of explicitation and normalization, the linguistic indices of FID in the original are also perceived as different realizations of textual implicitness and incoherence, features opposite to explicitation and normalization. Identifying these features is the key to explaining the non-transfer of FID into translations – but also to settling the pro- longed dispute between the linguistic (grammatical) and the narratological (interpretive/contextual) approaches to FID. By showing how the ambiguous nature of FID rests upon its linguistic implicitness and incoherence, comparative translation analysis – together with the framework offered by research into translation universals – serves to deepen our understanding of the notion it operates with. The benefits of an interdisciplinary approach turn out to be mutual – with translation studies not only making use of a narratological concept, but also making itself useful to narratology.
Tracking down Little Big Man into the Spanish Culture: From Catalogue to Corpus and Beyond
Authors: Camus Camus Carmen
Published: June 2024

This paper tracks down the translation of Thomas Berger’s Little Big Man into Spanish during Franco’s dictatorship. The study constitutes a subsegment of TRACE (Translations Censored), a larger reseach project which studies the incidence of Franco’s censorship in the translations of different cultural areas; its methodology contemplates the compilation of a catalogue of censored translations prior to the selection of the textual corpus material. This study, framed under the Descriptive Translation Studies paradigm and using the TRACE methodology, forms part of research investigating the incidence and effects of Franco’s censorship in the translations of American Westerns into the Spanish culture under this regime. During Franco’s dictatorship publishers had to submit all works to the state censorship board in order to obtain approval for printing and publishing. In this procedure, for each individual work the censorship board opened a file where all the changes and suppressions dictated by the censorship officials were registered. From the annotations made in these files it is now possible to trace and reconstruct the changes that each work experienced in the translation process and those attributable to the state censorship procedure.
The “latest” translation research
Authors: Hartama-Heinonen Ritva
Published: June 2024

While researchers are encouraged and supposed to draw on the latest research literature and findings in their respective field, it is nevertheless difficult to determine what this guiding principle of the latest actually means, either in theory or in practice. This article investigates this question of how far back we need to extend a survey, and concentrates on what could be implied by the “temporally latest”, when the focus is on the age of the sources which are used intranslation research. The theoretical implications of “the latest” are first presented followed by an analysis of a restricted sample of References sections in translation-theoretical textbooks and monographs, as well as articles in edited works and journals primarily from the 2000s.
Konsekutiivitulkit ja tekstin muistaminen – kokeellinen tutkimus
Authors: Hiltunen Sinikka
Published: June 2024

The experiments described in this paper were conducted some years ago with consecutive interpreters and foreign language teachers. The tests included memory span tests (word span) and prose recall tests with concrete and abstract materials. No differences between consecutive interpreters and foreign language teachers were detected in word span tests, either with concrete or with abstract words. Instead, statistically significant differences were found in prose recall, especially in the recall of long speech sequences of abstract prose. The results are discussed in the light of expert memory studies and concreteness effect studies. Further, some qualitative details of the better prose recall by interpreters, as well as of memory errors are discussed.
A method for analysing multimodal research material: audio description in focus
Authors: Hirvonen Maija , Tiittula Liisa
Published: June 2024

A modern text is seldom a stand-alone product consisting merely of writing, but a multimodal body of signs from different meaning-making systems. The multimodal context and the new forms of translation, in which the concept of ‘text’ goes beyond language, have become increasingly relevant in contemporary translation research and practice. In order to study multimodal context and intermodal forms of translation accurately, research methodology has to be adapted. The aim of this article is to present a systematic method for analyzing multimodal material, or 'text', from the point of view of translation analysis, and intermodal translation that takes place in this context. The method is applied to study audio description, a form of translation in which visual information is compensated by verbal descriptions in order to make a text more intelligible to blind and visually impaired audiences. As an illustration, the article looks at how space is constructed in a film and its audio description, and presents a model which allows it to expose and contrast the multiple modes of meaning-making that are at play: in this case, the visual, auditory and linguistic representations of space. The outcome is a systematic presentation of complex audiovisual material in a textual form. The method can be applied to cases whose research material is multimodal and/or which undertake the challenge of understanding intermodal translation.
Semiotiken som metodologi – tecknens liv i språket, kulturen och samhället: Att översätta tecken och teckensystem
Authors: Kukkonen Pirjo
Published: June 2024

In my article, the starting point is semiosis, that is, the act of signification, which is a central concept and phenomenon both in semiotics and translation. I adopt a semiotic approach to translation and discuss the translating subject, the translator, through some insights offered by scholars in semiotics, here applied to the practice of translation and to the methodology of translation research. Furthermore, I discuss some semiotic modalities, as they are presented within existential semiotics, to give a short demonstration of how to approach Italo Calvino’s six memos for our millennium as the qualities of the translating subject, and even as potential guidelines for translation practice.
Ympäristön kuvailua monin keinoin ja aistein
Authors: Lahtinen Riitta
Published: June 2024

Environmental description is description of general, physical, personal and social space and action, where visual, auditory and other sensory information is shared with the receiver in spoken, written or sign language, vocally, by producing sounds or in another form (pointing, touch, drawing). It can be divided into expression of basic characteristics, basic description, precise and extended description and be performed physically on the spot (close description) or far away from the target (distant description). Description may be carried out spontaneously in real time or systematically in pre-prepared joint action. It may also be recorded beforehand or written and used as a consecutive (postponed) description after the event. The audience may be one person or a group. In addition to verbal description, nonverbal vocalization and other sound sources such as instruments may be used. The description event may involve one-way description or dialogue. It may also include functional dialogue, reciprocal description supporting sensory perceptions, telling and pointing in front of the target, reciprocal description by drawing or movements, or exploration of objects. In detailed descriptions, an initial overall description is followed by details. Description may also be classified according to the size of the space (extensive, large, room, nearby).
Näkökulmia ja menetelmiä englannista suomennettujen uusidiomien tutkimukseen
Authors: Penttilä Esa
Published: June 2024

This article concentrates on a phenomenon that seems to be on the increase in the media, the emergence of novel Finnish idioms that have been translated word for word from English. Such phrases are not found only in colloquial speech and on the Internet, but they also exist, for example, in formal newspaper writing. Although the phenomenon at first glance appears to be something that mainly concerns laymen and is of no interest to trained translators, its multifarious aspects offer previously unsought areas of study for translation studies as well. Moreover, Abu-Ssaydeh’s (2004) results indicate that word-for-word translation of idioms is a valid strategy even for professional, educated translators as well – at least in certain contexts. The main part of this article discusses the possible advantages that the study of directly translated novel idioms offers from the perspective of translation studies and makes suggestions about the methods and means with which the phenomenon could be investigated.
Miten 1800-luvun tietokirjojen suomentamisprosessia voi tutkia?
Authors: Pitkänen-Heikkilä Kaarina
Published: June 2024

This article deals with research methods used in the study of 19th century translation processes of non-fiction in the natural sciences. Translation conventions can be examined by comparing source and target texts or the various editions of the translated books. However, there may also be other material that provides more concrete information on the translation process, e.g. manuscripts, publishers’ minutes, forewords, translator’s correspondence and diaries, and book reviews. Such material may be available in archives, libraries and newspapers but is often very difficult to find. Some editions may be so small that there are no extant copies. Manuscripts have often been destroyed by the printing houses. Correspondence is scattered in various archives and is often poorly indexed.
In this paper, I discuss three cases that I have approached recently and show several challenges I have met in exploring them. Some of the questions I will address in this article are as follows: How to study translation processes? Where can the material be found? What can we find out about the 19th century context? Who is the translator? Did the translator work alone? To what extent did others influence the translation? What is the background of book reviews?
‘Translations around us’ – the amount of translated text in everyday life
Authors: Salmi Leena
Published: June 2024

The paper reports on the follow-up of a diary study measuring the proportion of translations read daily (Paloposki 2006, Vihonen & Salmi 2007). Data was collected in the years 2007 to 2010 using a text diary where respondents filled in (electronically or on paper) all texts they read during one single day. They were also asked to specify whether the texts read were translations or not. The diary also contained a column for comments in case there were, for instance, doubts on the nature and origin of the text. The data currently comprises text diaries from 93 translator students and 30 non-students. The results from this group of respondents show that the average time spent daily using different kinds of texts is 5 hours 19 minutes for the students and 5 h 54 min for the non-students. Based on this study, it seems that the proportion of translations in our daily reading is approximately one third (33% for the students, 39% for the non-students). The study also tells us about reading habits: the students, for example, used less time reading newspapers and than the group of non-students.
Kääntäminen valehtelemisena
Authors: Hartama-Heinonen Ritva
Published: June 2024

Earlier in my research, I have explored the crucial role of truth and truthfulness in the context of translation. The very same semiotico-philosophical issue can, however, be approached from the opposite vantage point, namely, from what is not true – is false or unauthentic. Even here semiotics can provide a fruitful starting point, particularly the view of semiotics as a theory of the lie as proposed by Umberto Eco in the 1970s and furthermore, Eco’s ideas of fakes and forgeries from the 1980s and the 2000s. In this theoretical article, the phenomenon of translation is discussed from both these lines of approach to find support for the paradoxical claim that translation is a truth-seeking action, yet to translate is to lie. This paper also touches upon the semiotically relevant and related question of whether a translation as a sign either represents and stands for the source text or whether it counts as the source text.
Puhetyylien metamorfoosit todistajanlausunnon tulkkauksessa
Authors: Isolahti Nina
Published: June 2024

The article deals with features of the speaker’s lexicon during court interpretation. The study is based on transcripts of authentic interpreter-mediated court investigations that were analyzed using a corpus approach. The analysis of the data shows that interpreters strive to be loyal to the situation in which conversation takes place and to the juridical macrocontext. This might lead to a wrong understanding of the identity (personality) of the speaker by the recipient. Overemphasizing the features of speakers’ idiolect, again, might lead to a major misrepresentation of the information included in the source message. The interpreter’s endeavor of using special legal terms might also complicate the communication process.
Afrikkalaistettu englanti käännösongelmana
Authors: Lindfors Anne-Marie
Published: June 2024

The global spread of the English language has led to the development of regional varieties of English around the world. This article investigates how West African novelists use English that has been influenced by African languages and how such varieties of English have been translated into Finnish. Common features of Africanised English are loan words, coinage, collocational and semantic extension, and expressions and idioms translated from African languages. The focus of this article is on Nigerian writers with Igbo as their mother tongue. Four Igbo novelists have had their work published in Finland: Chinua Achebe, Buchi Emecheta, Flora Nwapa and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. Their novels and the Finnish translations of the books are examined to see what kinds of strategies Finnish translators have used to solve the problems posed by Igbo, Igbo English and Pidgin English in the source texts. Some implications of the translation strategies chosen are also discussed.