bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship of the Gardiner and Mullins coal seams in the Sydney field of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
Authors: Hacquebard P A
Published: February 2017

The stratigraphic position of the Gardiner and Mullins seams in the Sydney coalfield is examined and is illustrated with six figures. They show petrographic and borehole sections, as well as outcrop maps and seam thickness variations in the New Waterford and
Glace Bay districts. Notwithstanding the remarkable petrographic similarity, the study shows that indeed two separate coal seams are present.
Climate change: A threat towards achieving ‘Sustainable Development Goal number two’ (end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture) in South Africa
Authors: Mugambiwa Shingirai S. , Tirivangasi Happy M.
Published: February 2017

This article aims to assess the impacts of climate change towards the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal number two (SDG 2) as well as examining the poverty alleviation strategies by subsistence farmers in South Africa. Widespread hunger and poverty continue to be among the most life-threatening problems confronting mankind. Available statistics show that global poverty remains a serious challenge around the world. Across the globe, one in five people lives on less than $1 a day and one in seven suffers from chronic hunger. Similarly, the developing world is adversely affected by poverty and hunger. In the sub-Saharan Africa, research has revealed a higher prevalence of hunger, malnutrition, poverty and food insecurity. SDG 2 focuses more on eliminating hunger and promoting sustainable agriculture. The study employed an exploratory design and a qualitative method. Snowball sampling was used in selecting relevant sources which led the researchers to other research work on the same field through keywords and reference lists. The researchers employed discourse analysis to analyse data. The study discovered that there are numerous potential effects climate change could have on agriculture. It affects crop growth and quality and livestock health. Farming practices could also be affected as well as animals that could be raised in particular climatic areas. The impact of climate change as well as the susceptibility of poor communities is very immense. The article concludes that climate change reduces access to drinking water, negatively affects the health of people and poses a serious threat to food security.
Tremors in white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum) during etorphine–azaperone immobilisation
Authors: De Lange Stephanie S. , Fuller Andrea , Haw Anna , Hofmeyr Markus , Buss Peter , Miller Michele , Meyer Leith C.R.
Published: February 2017

Little is known about the mechanisms causing tremors during immobilisation of rhinoceros and whether cardiorespiratory supportive interventions alter their intensity. Therefore, we set out to determine the possible mechanisms that lead to muscle tremors and ascertain whether cardiorespiratory supportive interventions affect tremor intensity. We studied tremors and physiological responses during etorphine–azaperone immobilisation in eight boma-held and 14 free-living white rhinoceroses. Repeated measures analysis of variance and a Friedman test were used to determine differences in variables over time and between interventions. Spearman and Pearson correlations were used to test for associations between variables. Tremor intensity measured objectively by activity loggers correlated well (p 0.0001; r2 = 0.9) with visual observations. Tremor intensity was greatest when animals were severely hypoxaemic and acidaemic. Tremor intensity correlated strongly and negatively with partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2 ) (p = 0.0003; r2 = 0.9995) and potential of hydrogen (pH) (p = 0.02, r2 = 0.97). It correlated strongly and positively with adrenaline concentrations (p = 0.003; r2 = 0.96), and adrenaline correlated strongly and negatively with PaO2 (p = 0.03; r2 = 0.95) and pH (p = 0.03; r2 = 0.94). Therefore, hypoxaemia and acidaemia were likely associated with the intensity of tremors through their activation of the release of tremorgenic levels of adrenaline. Tremors can be reduced if circulating adrenaline is reduced, and this can be achieved by the administration of butorphanol plus oxygen insufflation. Furthermore, to assist with reducing the risks associated with rhinoceros immobilisation, tremor intensity could be used as a clinical indicator of respiratory and metabolic compromise.
The impact of green supply chain management in small to medium enterprises: Cross-sectional evidence
Authors: Mafini Chengedzai , Muposhi Asphat
Published: February 2017

Background: South Africa has a high rate of small to medium enterprises (SMEs) failure, especially in the manufacturing sector. The operational challenges confronting manufacturing SMEs are acknowledged by the Global Competitiveness Index that ranked South African SMEs as one of the lowest in emerging economies.Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the association between green supply chain management (GSCM) practices, environmental collaboration and financial performance in SMEs.Method: The study is quantitative in nature and involves a convenient sample of 312 SMEs based in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Data analyses follow a two-step process involving a confirmatory factor analysis to test the psychometric properties of the measurement scale and Structural Equation Modelling to test the proposed hypotheses.Results: The study shows that three GSCM practices, namely, green procurement, green logistics and green manufacturing in SMEs exert a positive effect on environmental collaboration, with green manufacturing exerting a higher effect than the other two constructs. In turn, higher levels of environmental collaboration inspired higher levels of SME financial performance.Conclusion: The study advances that SMEs can succeed financially through the influence of enhanced environmental collaboration, which emanates, in part, from the adoption and implementation of GSCM practices.
Specification for O-Ring Face Seal Connectors: Part 3 - Requirements, Dimensions, and Tests for Steel Unions, Bulkheads, Swivels, Braze Sleeves, Connectors, Caps, and Connectors with SAE J1926-2 Inch Stud Ends
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

The JUN2002 edition of SAE J1453 was published as a single document covering the requirements for Inch O-ring face
seal connectors with SAE J1926-2 inch stud ends. In 1995 ISO 8434-3 was published covering the requirements for
O-ring face seal connectors to ISO 6149-2 metric stud ends. This revision of SAE J1453 adopts the parts covered within
ISO 8434-3 and the rationalized dimensions from ISO 8434-3 for both the inch and metric stud end face seal connectors.
SAE J1453 has been organized into three sections as follows:

1. SAE J1453-1 Specifications for O-ring Face Seal Connectors: Part 1-Tube Connection Details and Common
Requirements for Performance and Test

2. SAE J1453-2 Specifications for O-ring Face Seal Connectors: Part 2-Requirements, Dimensions and Tests for
Steel Unions, Bulkheads, Swivels, Braze Sleeve Connectors, Caps, and Connectors with ISO 6149-2 Metric Stud
Ends

3. SAE J1453-3 Specifications for O-ring Face Seal Connectors: Part 3-Requirements, Dimensions and Tests for
Steel Unions, Bulkheads, Swivels, Braze Sleeve Connectors, Caps, and Connectors with SAE J1926-2, Inch Stud
Ends
Hose Assemblies, Rubber, Hydraulic, Steel Wire Reinforced--Part 1: Procurement Document
Authors:   Hydraulic Hose and Hose Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Standard covers steel wire reinforced rubber hose assemblies using connectors specified in SAE J516 for use in hydraulic systems using petroleum based hydraulic fluids with maximum working pressures of 1.7 to 42 MPa. See SAE J1754-2, Table 8 for hose operating temperature ranges and identification codes.

Note: Working pressure is defined as maximum system pressure.
Marine Stern Drive and Inboard Spark-Ignition Engine On-Board Diagnostics Implementation Guide
Authors:   Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Published: February 2017

This document describes the application of the SAE J1939 recommended practices for compliance with on-board diagnostic malfunction detection system requirements for marine sterndrive and inboard spark ignition engines, as mandated by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). These Otto-cycle engines are not derived from automotive diesel-cycle engines.
Compliance—Truck and Bus
Authors:   Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Published: February 2017

The purpose of these compliance procedures is to generate one or more test documents that outline the tests needed to assure that an ECU that is designed to operate as a node on a SAE J1939 network would do so correctly. SAE does not certify devices and these tests and their results do not constitute endorsement by SAE of any particular device. These tests are presented to allow testing of a Device to determine self-compliance by the manufacturer of a device. The manufacturer can use its record of what procedures were run successfully to show the level of compliance with SAE J1939.
OBD Communications Compliance Test Cases for Heavy Duty Components and Vehicles
Authors:   Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this Recommended Practice is to verify that vehicles and/or components are capable of communicating a minimum subset of information, in accordance with the diagnostic test modes specified in SAE J1939-73: Diagnostic Services.
This document describes the tests, test methods, and results for verifying diagnostics communication from an off board device to a vehicle and/or component.
Connections for Fluid Power and General Use—Ports and Stud Ends with ISO 261 Threads and O-Ring Sealing Part 1: Port with O-Ring Seal in Truncated Housing
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

This part of SAE J2244 specifies dimensions for fluid power metric ports for use with adjustable and nonadjustable stud ends shown in SAE J2244/2.

Ports in accordance with this part of SAE J2244 may be used at working pressures up to 63 MPa for nonadjustable stud ends and 40 MPa for adjustable stud ends. The permissible working pressure depends upon materials, design, working conditions, application, etc.

For threaded ports and stud ends specified in new designs in hydraulic fluid power applications, only SAE J2244 shall be used. Threaded ports and stud ends in accordance with ISO 1179, ISO 9974, and SAE J1926 (ISO 11926) shall not be used for new designs in hydraulic fluid power applications.
Connections for Fluid Power and General Use--Ports and Stud Ends with ISO 261 Threads and O-Ring Sealing Part 2: Heavy-Duty (S Series) Stud Ends--Dimensions, Design, Test Methods, and Requirements
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

This part of SAE J2244 specifies dimensions, performance requirements, and test procedures for metric adjustable and nonadjustable heavy-duty (S Series) stud ends and O-rings.

Stud ends in accordance with this part of SAE J2244 may be used at working pressures up to 63 MPa for nonadjustable stud ends and 40 MPa for adjustable stud ends. The permissible working pressure depends upon materials, design, working conditions, application, etc.

For threaded ports and stud ends for use in new designs in hydraulic fluid power applications, only SAE J2244 shall be used. Threaded ports and stud ends in accordance with ISO 1179, ISO 9974, and SAE J1926 (ISO 11926) shall not be used for new designs in hydraulic fluid power applications.

Conformance to the dimensional information in this standard does not guarantee rated performance. Each manufacturer shall perform testing according to the specification contained in this standard to ensure that components made to this standard comply with the performance ratings.
Connections for Fluid Power and General Use--Ports and Stud Ends with ISO 261 Metric Threads and O-Ring Sealing, Part 3: Light-Duty (L Series) Stud Ends--Dimensions, Design, Test Methods, and Requirements
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

This part of SAE J2244 specifies dimensions, performance
requirements, and test procedures for metric adjustable and
nonadjustable light-duty (L series) stud ends and O-rings.

Stud ends in accordance with this part of SAE J2244 may be used
at working pressures up to 40 MPa for nonadjustable stud ends and
31.5 MPa for adjustable stud ends. The permissible working pressure
depends upon materials, design, working conditions, applications,
etc.

For threaded ports and stud ends for use in new designs in
hydraulic fluid power applications, only SAE J2244 shall be used.
Threaded ports and stud ends in accordance with ISO 1179, ISO 9974,
and SAE J1926 (ISO 11926) shall not be used in new designs in
hydraulic fluid power applications.

Conformance to the dimensional information in this SAE Standard
does not guarantee rated performance. Each manufacturer shall
perform testing according to the specification contained in this
document to ensure that components made to this document comply
with the performance ratings.
Connections for Fluid Power and General Use--Ports and Stud Ends with ISO 261 Threads and O-Ring Sealing--Part 4: Heavy-Duty (S Series) External Hex Port Plugs--Dimensions, Design, Test Methods, and Requirements
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

This part of SAE J2244 specifices dimensions, performance requirements, and test procedures for metric external hex O-rings port plugs.

Port plugs in accordance with this part of SAE J2244 may be used at working pressures up to 63 MPa. The permissible working pressure depends upon materials, design, working conditions, applications, etc.

For threaded ports and stud ends for use in new designs in hydraulic fluid power applications, only SAE J2244 shall be used. Threaded ports and stud ends in accordance with ISO 1179, ISO 9974, and SAE J1926 (ISO 11926) shall not be used in new designs in hydrualic fluid power applications.
Conformance to the dimensional information in this document does not guarantee rated performance. Each manufacturer shall perform testing according to the specification contained in this document to ensure that components made to this document comply with the performance ratings.
Minimum Performance Criteria for Operator Front Protective Structure (OFPS) for Certain Equipment
Authors:   MTC4, Forestry and Logging Equipment
Published: February 2017

This SAE standard applies to all forestry machines exposed to the hazard of objects penetrating the front of the operator station (other than the roof). This would include:
Welded and Cold-Drawn, SAE 1021 Carbon Steel Tubing Normalized for Bending and Flaring
Authors:   Metallic Tubing Committee
Published: February 2017

The SAE Standard covers normalized electric resistance welded, cold-drawn, single-wall, SAE 1021 carbon steel pressure tubing intended for use as pressure lines and in other applications requiring tubing of a quality suitable for bending, flaring, forming, and brazing.

The grade of material produced to this specification is higher in carbon content and manganese content than the grade of material specified in SAE J525. The material produced to this specification is intended to service higher pressure applications than like sizes of SAE J525. Due to the higher carbon and manganese content, however, the forming characteristics of the finished tube is diminished somewhat when compared to SAE J525. Special attention to the overall forming requirements of the finished assembly should be taken into consideration when utilizing material produced to this specification.
Categorization and Properties of Advanced High Strength Automotive Sheet Steels
Authors:   Sheet and Strip Steel Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Recommended Practice defines various grades of continuously cast high-strength sheet steels and establishes mechanical property ranges. These sheet steels can be formed, welded, assembled and painted in automotive manufacturing processes. They can be specified as hot-rolled or cold-rolled sheet. Furthermore, they can be coated (hot-dipped galvanized, hot-dipped galvannealed, and electrogalvanized) or uncoated. Not all combinations of strength, dimensions and coatings may be commercially available; consult your steel supplier for details.
Determination of the Maximum Available Power from a Rechargeable Energy Storage System on a Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Authors:   Battery Standards Testing Committee
Published: February 2017

This document describes a test procedure for rating peak power of the Rechargeable Energy Storage System (RESS) used in a combustion engine Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). Other types of vehicles with non fossil fuel primary engines, such as fuel cells, are not intended to use this test procedure.
Power Cylinder Oil Consumption: Transport Mechanisms
Authors:   Piston and Ring Standards Committee
Published: February 2017

This document covers oil transport mechanisms from the power cylinder which might affect oil consumption. It will not discuss in detail the oil consumption mechanisms from other components.
Honda Diagnostic Serial Data Link Protocol—ABS/VSA System
Authors:   Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
Published: February 2017

This Technical Information Report defines the proprietary diagnostic communication protocol for ABS or VSA ECU (Electronic Control Unit) implemented on some Honda vehicles. This protocol does not apply to all Honda vehicles.

This document should be used in conjunction with SAE J2534-2 in order to fully implement the communication protocol in an enhanced SAE J2534 interface.

The purpose of this document is to specify the requirements necessary to implement the communication protocol in an enhanced SAE J2534 interface.
Process for Comprehension Testing of In-Vehicle Icons
Authors:   Safety and Human Factors Standards Steering Committee
Published: February 2017

This document describes a process for testing the comprehension of symbols or icons. Although the process may be used to test any symbols or icons, it has been developed specifically for testing ITS active safety symbols or icons (e.g., collision avoidance), or other symbols or icons that reflect some in-vehicle ITS message or function (e.g., navigation, motorist services, infotainment). Within the process, well-defined criteria are used to identify the extent to which the perceived meaning matches the intended meaning for a representative sample of drivers. Though the process described below reflects a paper-and-pencil approach to conducting the testing, electronic means (i.e., conducted using a computer) can be used as well. The data or results from this process are analyzed to assess the drivers’ comprehension of the symbol or icon. These data will be used to provide guidance in the design of in-vehicle symbols or icons.
H-Point Machine (HPM-II)—Procedure for H-Point Determination—Benchmarking Vehicle Seats
Authors:   Human Accom and Design Devices Stds Comm
Published: February 2017

Benchmarking is used to discover the design intent measurements for seating compartments in vehicles when these measurements are either unknown or are specified using differing measurement procedures.

This document provides the specifications and procedures to establish consistent measurements for benchmarking vehicle seating positions using the H-Point Machine (HPM-II1) described in SAE J4002 and the H-Point Design tool (HPD) described in SAE J4004. The HPM-II is a physical tool used to establish key reference points and measurements in a vehicle (Figure 1). The HPD is a CAD tool that aids in the benchmarking process (see Appendix A and SAE J4004).
TEST PROCEDURES FOR EVALUATING BOLT-LOAD RETENTION OF MAGNESIUM ALLOYS
Authors:   USCAR
Published: February 2017

A bolt-load retention (BLR) test is a practical test to determine the bolt load of a fastener joint with time and at given temperatures. There are three types of BLR tests described in this standard, namely general-purpose test, design-purpose test, and screening material test. A general-purpose BLR test may be used for screening materials, while a design-purpose BLR test is usually used to verify the BLR behavior of a specific joint. The screening material test is an example of the general-purpose test for typical automotive applications.
Observations of Bromine Monoxide Transport In the Arctic Sustained on Aerosol Particles
Authors: Peterson Peter K. , Pöhler Denis , Sihler Holger , Zielcke Johannes , General Stephan , Frieß Udo , Platt Ulrich , Simpson William R. , Nghiem Son V. , Shepson Paul B. , Stirm Brian H. , Dhaniyala Suresh , Wagner Thomas , Caulton Dana R. , Fuentes Jose D. , Pratt Kerri A.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The return of sunlight in the polar spring leads to production of reactive halogen species from the surface snowpack, significantly altering the chemical composition of the Arctic near-surface atmosphere and the fate of long-range transported pollutants, including mercury. Recent work has shown the initial production of reactive bromine at the Arctic surface snowpack; however, we have limited knowledge of the vertical extent of this chemistry, as well as the lifetime and possible transport of reactive bromine aloft. Here, we present bromine monoxide (BrO) and aerosol particle measurements obtained during the March 2012 BRomine Ozone Mercury EXperiment (BROMEX) near Utqiagvik (Barrow), AK. The airborne differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) measurements provided an unprecedented level of spatial resolution, over two orders of magnitude greater than satellite observations and with vertical resolution unable to be achieved by satellite methods, for BrO in the Arctic. This novel method provided quantitative identification of a BrO plume, disconnected from the surface, moving at the speed of the air mass. This lofted reactive bromine plume was transported and maintained at elevated levels through heterogeneous reactions on co-located supermicron aerosol particles, independently of surface snowpack bromine chemistry. This chemical transport mechanism significantly increases the spatial extent of this reactive bromine chemistry, impacting atmospheric composition and pollutant fate across the region, beyond the area of initial snowpack halogen production. This process must be considered in the interpretation of satellite BrO observations and examined in the context of the rapidly changing Arctic sea ice and snowpack.
The MUMBA campaign: measurements of urban, marine and biogenic air
Authors: Paton-Walsh Clare , Guérette Élise-Andrée , Kubistin Dagmar , Humphries Ruhi , Wilson Stephen , Dominick Doreena , Galbally Ian , Buchholz Rebecca , Bhujel Mahendra , Chambers Scott , Cheng Min , Cope Martin , Davy Perry , Emmerson Kathryn , Griffith David W. T. , Griffiths Alan , Keywood Melita , Lawson Sarah , Molloy Suzie , Rea Géraldine , Selleck Paul , Shi Xue , Simmons Jack , Velazco Voltaire
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The Measurements of Urban, Marine and Biogenic Air (MUMBA) campaign took place in Wollongong, New South Wales (a small coastal city approximately 80 km south of Sydney, Australia), from 21st December 2012 to 15th February 2013. Like many Australian cities, Wollongong is surrounded by dense eucalyptus forest and so the urban air-shed is heavily influenced by biogenic emissions. Instruments were deployed during MUMBA to measure the gaseous and aerosol composition of the atmosphere with the aim of providing a detailed characterisation of the complex environment of the ocean/forest/urban interface that could be used to test the skill of atmospheric models. Gases measured included ozone, oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and many of the most abundant volatile organic compounds. Aerosol characterisation included total particle counts above 3 nm, total cloud condensation nuclei counts; mass concentration, number concentration size distribution, aerosol chemical analyses and elemental analysis. The campaign captured varied meteorological conditions, including two extreme heat events, providing a potentially valuable test for models of future air quality in a warmer climate. There was also an episode when the site sampled clean marine air for many hours, providing a useful additional measure of background concentrations of these trace gases within this poorly sampled region of the globe. In this paper we describe the campaign, the meteorology and the resulting observations of atmospheric composition in general terms, in order to equip the reader with sufficient understanding of the Wollongong regional influences to use the MUMBA datasets as a case study for testing a chemical transport model. The data is available from PANGAEA (see https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.871982).
AN ONLINE 3D DATABASE SYSTEM FOR ENDANGERED ARCHITECTURAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE IN THE SOUTH-EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN
Authors: Abate D. , Avgousti A. , Faka M. , Hermon S. , Bakirtzis N. , Christofi P.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The World Heritage Convention, drawn by various international bodies in 1972, was designed to protect cultural or natural places of outstanding universal value so that future generations may be able to enjoy them. Responding to these principles as well as to the Charter on the Preservation of Digital heritage (Vancouver, 2003), this multidisciplinary project, which involves archaeologists, art historians, conservators and computer scientists, aims to create an open access, 3D interactive online geo-database of endangered architectural and archaeological heritage in the South Eastern Mediterranean basin; a region of tremendous cultural importance whose rech heritage is unfortunately threatened by both natural and human factors. A wide range of 3D modelling and topographic techniques have been applied to create accurate reconstructions of heritage sites, enriched by a extensive array of metadata.
THE INFLUENCE OF FLIGHT PLANNING AND CAMERA ORIENTATION IN UAVs
PHOTOGRAMMETRY.
A TEST IN THE AREA OF ROCCA SAN SILVESTRO (LI), TUSCANY
Authors: Chiabrando F. , Lingua A. , Maschio P. , Teppati Losè L.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how much the phases of flight planning and the setting of the camera orientation can affect a UAVs photogrammetric survey. The test site chosen for these evaluations was the Rocca of San Silvestro, a medieval monumental castle near Livorno, Tuscany (Italy). During the fieldwork, different sets of data have been acquired using different parameters for the camera orientation and for the set up of flight plans. Acquisition with both nadiral and oblique orientation of the camera have been performed, as well as flights with different direction of the flight lines (related with the shape of the object of the survey). The different datasets were then processed in several blocks using Pix4D software and the results of the processing were analysed and compared. Our aim was to evaluate how much the parameters described above can affect the generation of the final products of the survey, in particular the product chosen for this evaluation was the point cloud.
DIGITALIZATION CULTURE VS ARCHAEOLOGICAL VISUALIZATION: INTEGRATION OF PIPELINES AND OPEN ISSUES
Authors: Cipriani L. , Fantini F.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Scholars with different backgrounds have carried out extensive surveys centred on how 3D digital models, data acquisition and processing have changed over the years in fields of archaeology and architecture and more in general in the Cultural Heritage panorama: the current framework focused on reality-based modelling is then split in several branches: acquisition, communication and analysis of buildings (Pintus et alii, 2014). Despite the wide set of well-structured and all-encompassing surveys on the IT application in Cultural Heritage, several open issues still seem to be present, in particular once the purpose of digital simulacra is the one to fit with the “pre-informatics" legacy of architectural/archaeological representation (historical drawings with their graphic codes and aesthetics). Starting from a series of heterogeneous matters that came up studying two Italian UNESCO sites, this paper aims at underlining the importance of integrating different pipelines from different technological fields, in order to achieve multipurpose models, capable to comply with graphic codes of traditional survey, as well as semantic enrichment, and last but not least, data compression/portability and texture reliability under different lighting simulation.
SURVEYING MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY: A NEW FORM FOR HARRIS PARADIGM
LINKING PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND TEMPORAL RELATIONS
Authors: Drap P. , Papini O. , Pruno E. , Nucciotti M. , Vannini G.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The paper presents some reflexions concerning an interdisciplinary project between Medieval Archaeologists from the University of Florence (Italy) and ICT researchers from CNRS LSIS of Marseille (France), aiming towards a connection between 3D spatial representation and archaeological knowledge. It is well known that Laser Scanner, Photogrammetry and Computer Vision are very attractive tools for archaeologists, although the integration of representation of space and representation of archaeological time has not yet found a methodological standard of reference. We try to develop an integrated system for archaeological 3D survey and all other types of archaeological data and knowledge through integrating observable (material) and non-graphic (interpretive) data. Survey plays a central role, since it is both a metric representation of the archaeological site and, to a wider extent, an interpretation of it (being also a common basis for communication between the 2 teams). More specifically 3D survey is crucial, allowing archaeologists to connect actual spatial assets to the stratigraphic formation processes (i.e. to the archaeological time) and to translate spatial observations into historical interpretation of the site. We propose a common formalism for describing photogrammetrical survey and archaeological knowledge stemming from ontologies: Indeed, ontologies are fully used to model and store 3D data and archaeological knowledge. Xe equip this formalism with a qualitative representation of time. Stratigraphic analyses (both of excavated deposits and of upstanding structures) are closely related to E. C. Harris theory of “Stratigraphic Unit” (“US” from now on). Every US is connected to the others by geometric, topological and, eventually, temporal links, and are recorded by the 3D photogrammetric survey. However, the limitations of the Harris Matrix approach lead to use another representation formalism for stratigraphic relationships, namely Qualitative Constraints Networks (QCN) successfully used in the domain of knowledge representation and reasoning in artificial intelligence for representing temporal relations.
DETECTION AND PURGING OF SPECULAR REFLECTIVE AND TRANSPARENT
OBJECT INFLUENCES IN 3D RANGE MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Koch R. , May S. , Nüchter A.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. 3D laser scanners are favoured sensors for mapping in mobile service robotics at indoor and outdoor applications, since they deliver precise measurements at a wide scanning range. The resulting maps are detailed since they have a high resolution. Based on these maps robots navigate through rough terrain, fulfil advanced manipulation, and inspection tasks. In case of specular reflective and transparent objects, e.g., mirrors, windows, shiny metals, the laser measurements get corrupted. Based on the type of object and the incident angle of the incoming laser beam there are three results possible: a measurement point on the object plane, a measurement behind the object plane, and a measurement of a reflected object. It is important to detect such situations to be able to handle these corrupted points. This paper describes why it is difficult to distinguish between specular reflective and transparent surfaces. It presents a 3DReflection- Pre-Filter Approach to identify specular reflective and transparent objects in point clouds of a multi-echo laser scanner. Furthermore, it filters point clouds from influences of such objects and extract the object properties for further investigations. Based on an Iterative-Closest-Point-algorithm reflective objects are identified. Object surfaces and points behind surfaces are masked according to their location. Finally, the processed point cloud is forwarded to a mapping module. Furthermore, the object surface corners and the type of the surface is broadcasted. Four experiments demonstrate the usability of the 3D-Reflection-Pre-Filter. The first experiment was made in a empty room containing a mirror, the second experiment was made in a stairway containing a glass door, the third experiment was made in a empty room containing two mirrors, the fourth experiment was made in an office room containing a mirror. This paper demonstrate that for single scans the detection of specular reflective and transparent objects in 3D is possible. It is more reliable in 3D as in 2D. Nevertheless, collect the data of multiple scans and post-filter them as soon as the object was bypassed should pursued. This is why future work concentrates on implementing a post-filter module. Besides, it is the aim to improve the discrimination between specular reflective and transparent objects.
RPAS AND TLS TECNIQUES FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY: THE CASE STUDY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF ERACLEA MINOA (ITALY)
Authors: Lo Brutto M. , Sciortino R. , Garraffa A.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Digital documentation and 3D modelling of archaeological sites are important for understanding, definition and recognition of the values of the sites and of the archaeological finds. The most part of archaeological sites are outdoor location, but a cover to preserve the ruins protects often parts of the sites. The possibility to acquire data with different techniques and merge them by using a single reference system allows creating multi-parties models in which 3D representations of the individual objects can be inserted. The paper presents the results of a recent study carried out by Geomatics Laboratory of University of Palermo for the digital documentation and 3D modelling of Eraclea Minoa archaeological site. This site is located near Agrigento, in the south of Sicily (Italy) and is one of the most famous ancient Greek colonies of Sicily. The paper presents the results of the integration of different data source to survey the Eraclea Minoa archaeological site. The application of two highly versatile recording systems, the TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) and the RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System), allowed the Eraclea Minoa site to be documented in high resolution and with high accuracy. The integration of the two techniques has demonstrated the possibility to obtain high quality and accurate 3D models in archaeological survey.
A GEOMETRICAL SIMILARITY PATTERN AS AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL FOR SHAPES IN ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE: A CASE STUDY OF THE BASE OF THE PILLARS IN THE CATHEDRAL OF SEVILLE AND THE CHURCH OF SANTIAGO IN JEREZ, SPAIN
Authors: Moyano J. J. , Barrera J. A. , Nieto J. E. , Marín D. , Antón D.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. This paper proposes a procedure for the search of a geometrical similarity pattern in architectural heritage by means of calculating probability indexes to support hypotheses initially endorsed by documentary sources. The buildings analysed are the Cathedral of Seville and the Church of Santiago, in Jerez, Spain. The 3D models of their selected pillars are obtained by means of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), Optical Scanning (OS) and photogrammetry through image-based modelling software (SFM-IBM). To this end, a procedure for the comparison of shapes is established. It is based on similarity statistics, the determination of homologous points and the agreement of characteristic sections. Here, two key aspects are considered: on the one hand, the metric standpoint; on the other hand, historical-graphical features of the 3D models: composition, techniques, styles, and historical-graphical documentary sources. Thus, putting aside the mere dimensional analysis, the sections are compared with graphical patterns and models of which the same authorship – stonemasons working in that age – is accurately known. As a result, the outcomes of this research reveal the geometrical similarity between the elements of the pillars of the Cathedral of Seville and the Church of Santiago.
INTEROPERABILITY MATTER: LEVELS OF DATA SHARING, STARTING FROM A 3D INFORMATION MODELLING
Authors: Tommasi C. , Achille C.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Nowadays, the adoption of BIM processes in the AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) industry means to be oriented towards synergistic workflows, based on informative instruments capable of realizing the virtual model of the building. The target of this article is to speak about the interoperability matter, approaching the subject through a theoretical part and also a practice example, in order to show how these notions are applicable in real situations. In particular, the case study analysed belongs to the Cultural Heritage field, where it is possible to find some difficulties – both in the modelling and sharing phases – due to the complexity of shapes and elements. Focusing on the interoperability between different software, the questions are: What and how many kind of information can I share? Given that this process leads also to a standardization of the modelled parts, is there the possibility of an accuracy loss?
Cuestionando algunos mitos del acceso a la vivienda en España, en perspectiva europea
Authors: Nasarre Aznar Sergio
Published: February 2017

El presente trabajo analiza críticamente cinco mitos relacionados con el acceso a la vivienda en España. Así, primero, se aportan evidencias de que, hoy por hoy, la vivienda en España no es un derecho fundamental y, donde lo es, no es tan fácil llenarlo de contenido de manera sostenible. En segundo lugar, cuestionamos que en nuestro contexto sea mejor alquilar que comprar, incluso tras la crisis de 2007. Tercero, en relación a las malas prácticas bancarias, vemos como decisiones judiciales “robinhoodianas” en pro del débil pueden afectar negativamente al acceso a la vivienda. Cuarto, que no es tan sencillo achacar la culpa del sobreendeudamiento familiar a una inadecuada financiación hipotecaria de la vivienda. Y, quinto, que es posible superar la dicotomía vivienda en propiedad-vivienda en alquiler a través de las nuevas tenencias intermedias catalanas, la propiedad compartida y la propiedad temporal.
Mujer y ámbito laboral en la ficción española sobre la Transición
Authors: Coronado Ruiz Carlota , Galán Fajardo Elena
Published: February 2017

Este artículo pretende estudiar, desde una perspectiva de género, el discurso construido alrededor de la mujer y los avances laborales conseguidos en las últimas décadas, en las series de televisión españolas ambientadas en el período histórico de la Transición. Se han seleccionado para ello dos ejemplos representativos: Cuéntame cómo pasó (TVE-1, 2001) y La chica de ayer (Antena 3, 2009). El análisis se centra en los conflictos profesionales planteados en ese momento histórico y su evolución posterior, partiendo de una concepción presentista.
Standardization of the Modified Rodnan Skin Score for Use in Clinical Trials of Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Khanna Dinesh , Furst Daniel E. , Clements Philip J. , Allanore Yannick , Baron Murray , Czirjak Lazlo , Distler Oliver , Foeldvari Ivan , Kuwana Masataka , Matucci-Cerinic Marco , Mayes Maureen , Medsger Thomas , Merkel Peter A. , Pope Janet E. , Seibold James R. , Steen Virginia , Stevens Wendy , Denton Christopher P.
Published: February 2017

The modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) is a measure of skin thickness and is used as a primary or secondary outcome measure in clinical trials of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). This state-of-art review provides a historical perspective of the development of the mRSS, summarizes the performance of mRSS as an outcome measure, provides guidance on assessing mRSS, and makes recommendations for incorporation of the mRSS into clinical trials.
Novel Complement Factor H mutation, a case report of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Authors: Sepúlveda Rodrigo Andrés , Tagle Rodrigo , Jara Aquiles
Published: February 2017

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare but catastrophic disease. It is characterized by a triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. When the aHUS is primary, the cause is due to mutations in proteins that regulate the alternative pathway of complement, such as Factor H, Factor I, Factor B, C3, Membrane Co-Factor Protein and Thrombomodulin. Usually primary aHUS is associated with other amplifiers complement factors. We present a case of aHUS in a 25-year-old female patient; she presented with malignant hypertension and severe renal failure. After a widespread study, the etiology of the aHUS was a mutation in the complement factor H, not previously described in the literature (p.Tyr1177His). After treatment with Eculizumab (C5 inhibitor monoclonal antibody), she recovered renal function with not hemodialysis requirements.
Self-reported awareness and attitude of cancer patients towards clinical nurse coordinators
Authors: Deeb Ahmad , AlKaiyat Mohammad O. , Abu Hlal Emad , Attari Areej , Mahaireh Rania , Alqudimat Mohammad R. , Salam Mahmoud
Published: February 2017

Background and objective: Lack of knowledge or poor perception towards the roles and responsibilities of clinical nurse coordinators among cancer patients might lead to a decrease in seeking their services. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, perception and attitude towards clinical nurse coordinators among cancer patients at a specialized cancer center in Jordan.Methods: This is a cross sectional study that was conducted by distributing a self-reported and anonymous survey to 240 cancer patients visiting the center. The survey questioned some patient characteristics such as sex, age, educational level, marital status, disease type and duration, type of therapy. The patients’ knowledge (12-statement), the perception (9-statement) regarding the actual roles/responsibilities of coordinators and the attitude (5-statement) towards seeking their services were measured. Responses on Likert scales were converted to percentage mean scores.Results: The overall percentage mean scores ± standard deviation of knowledge was 59 ± 17, perception towards clinical nurse coordinators (79 ± 14) and attitude towards seeking their services (69 ± 16). Linear regression showed that participants on chemotherapy had significantly better perception (higher scores) compared to participants on concurrent therapies (β = -3.91, p = .049). Participants with higher knowledge scores had better perception indicating a better comprehension about the clinical nurse coordinators’ roles, compared to those with lower knowledge percentage mean scores (β = 0.13, p = .019). Female patients had higher percentage mean score of attitude compared to male particpants (β = -3.77, p = .034). Better perception of Clinical nurse coordinators (CNCs) among cancer patients was significantly more associated with  a more positive attitude towards seeking CNC services (β = 0.72, p < .001).Conclusions: Patients’ knowledge about the roles and responsibilities of nurse coordinators is associated with a better patients’ perception towards coordinators, which in return is associated with a more positive attitude towards seeking their services. Special consideration should be paid for patients on concurrent therapies who were more likely to have poorer perception towards clinical care coordinators compared to patients on chemotherapy. In addition, coordinators are expected to observe a more negative attitude towards seeking their services among male cancer patients.
Develop a Model for the Elders’ Leisure Time
Authors: Ghorbani Mohammad Hosein , Mousavirad Seyede Tahereh
Published: February 2017

The present research intends to examine the model for elders’ leisure time. This research is a descriptive-analytical study, reported as applied study. The statistical population consists of the faculty members of universities, managers and specialists at Championship Deputy, General Sports Federation and rural sports federation and the sociologists. To analyze data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. In the present research, software SPSS22 was used for structural equation and software AMOS was used for design of model. Results from research led to detect eight factors including managerial-political, economic, sociocultural, health, educational, facility, sports, individual-environmental factors affecting elders’ leisure time. Findings from confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the elders’ leisure time can be used. To sum up, the results from research led to design of model for elders’ leisure time so that managerial-political, economic, sociocultural, health, educational, facility, sports, individual-environmental factors with factor loading 0.9, 0.87, 0.85, 0.84, 0.82, 0.76, 0.71 and 0.63 have the highest contribution, respectively. Further, findings from model fitting indices indicate favorable fitting and confirmed model for elders’ leisure.
Lower-limb ooedema during pregnancy
Authors: Ochałek Katarzyna , Frydrych-Szymonik Aleksandra , Szyguła Zbigniew
Published: February 2017

Lower-limb oedemas can be the result of abnormalities in the structure and functioning of the lymphatic system, injuries or inflammation, or can be related to cancer and its treatment; however, they are more often one of the basic symptoms accompanying women in the third trimester of pregnancy due to vein insufficiency. The purpose of this overview is to discuss the current knowledge related to risk factors, prevention and treatment of lower-limb oedemas during pregnancy. The risk factors linked to gravidity-related oedema comprise of increased volume of circulating blood, the augmented uterus, increased body mass and changes to hormonal turnover. Vein insufficiency occurs as a result of venous hypertension caused by insufficiency of the muscle pump and valvar regurgitation. Pregnancy, the application of Caesarean section and the postpartum period predispose to deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The basic and unquestionable method applied in the prophylaxis and treatment of abnormalities to the venous-lymphatic system and corresponding complications consists in compression therapy involving compressive bandaging and the use of compression garments. Compression can be applied either individually or in combination with other methods, such as manual lymph drainage, intermittent pump compression and physical or breathing exercises. Based on the scientific evidence and experts’ recommendations, compression is also considered to be an effective solution in the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis and swelling in pregnant women, but further investigation is needed. Ochałek K., Frydrych-Szymonik A., Szyguła Z. Lower-limb oedema during pregnancy. Med Rehabil 2016; 20(4): 17-21. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0009.5481