bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CASE OF KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME WITH 48,XXXY AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Esmann V. , Nielsen J. , Petersen G. Bruun
Published: August 2010

Abstract The twentieth case of Klinefelter's syndrome with 48,XXXY in a 39‐year‐old Caucasian is described. The outstanding clinical feature was a diabetes of the maturity onset type of nine years duration, but with a somewhat slow plasma insulin response and an early peak of plasma growth hormone.

The patient was slightly dysphoric and immature, with no sexual libido or potency and with a total I.Q. of 74. During a six months course of testosterone his general condition improved and alterations in his mental and sexual condition were also noted.

Cells from buccal smears and fibroblasts from the testis and the skin cultures were sex chromatin positive with a considerable number of double positive nuclei. In 209 analysed metaphases 78% had the modal chromosome number of 48 with a karyotype of 48,XXXY, whereas 22% were non‐modal cells, preferentially with a hypomodal chromosome number. Analysis of metaphases with one missing chromosome indicated random loss of chromosomes, except in cells from testis biopsy, where the lacking chromosome belonged to the group 21–22‐Y, which makes a testis mosaicism possible.
HAEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF TRASICOR®, A NEW BETA‐ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENT, IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Eisalo Antti , Luomanmäki Kimmo , Heikkilä Juhani
Published: August 2010

Abstract Five hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and minimal pulmonary signs of left‐sided heart failure were treated for five weeks with oral Trasicor®, a new beta‐adrenergic blocking agent. During the course of the treatment the basal arterial pressure in the upright position declined very slightly. Haemodynamic studies were performed at rest and during submaximal supine exercise before and during beta blockade. Negative chronotropic action on the heart was obvious. Whether the drug had any negative or positive inotropic effects on the heart remained uncertain, because of inconsistent haemodynamic changes and because of the relatively profound reflex and autoregulatory alterations in left ventricular performance induced by exercise.
TWO METHODS FOR PRODUCING IN ANIMALS A MACROGLOBULIN SIMILAR TO THE RHEUMATOID FACTOR
Authors: Svartz Nanna , Hedman Stig , Söderberg Olof
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwo methods for provoking a haemagglutinating macroglobulin identical or similar to the Rheumatoid factor (RF) are described. The macroglobulins were obtained (a) by injections of Diplostreptococcus agalactiae into animals, mainly white rats; (b) by injecting into rats the antibody to RF (anti‐RF) or the active fraction of this antibody. The anti‐RF was produced by immunizing rabbits against RF. Both (a) and (b) have given rise to haemagglutinating macroglobulins showing high titres (up to 1: 1024) in the sheep cell test. The titre is much more stable when using method (a). Using method (b) the results show sudden variations with sometimes total disappearance of the haemagglutinating macroglobulin.

The anti‐RF serum produced neutralizes the RF completely in precipitation tests. The active principle of anti‐RF is a fraction showing a sedimentation constant of about 7 S, i.e. exactly the same as that of the commonγG. Comparing the 7 S, which has the property of neutralizing RF completely in unheated state, and the commonγG (IgG) by Immunoelectrophoresis, the first does not give rise to any precipitation line with anti‐γG, while, of course, the second provokes a typical line. The RF‐neutralizing globulin seems to be a hitherto unknown 7 S globulin. The same is true of the isolated heamagglutinating fragment of RF. Details of the latter type of 7 S globulin were given in earlier papers.

Thus, the active fractions both of RF and anti‐RF have been isolated and studied. They constitute two members of the large 7 S “family”, which certainly contains an enormous number of 7 S gamma globuüns (γG or IgG) with different properties. As was pointed out earlier (10), there also exist a great number of different macroglobulins.
HERPES SIMPLEX HEPATITIS IN AN ADULT
Authors: Diderholm H. , Stenram U. , Tegner K. B. , Willén R.
Published: August 2010

Abstract A case report is given of a man with bronchial asthma who fell ill in a stomatitis. He was treated, inter alia, with antibiotics and corticosteroids. Haematemesis, melena, jaundice, anuria and circulatory insufficiency developed and the patient died. Autopsy revealed hepatitis, erosive gastritis with gastrointestinal bleeding and shock kidneys. Histologically the hepatitis was consistent with a herpes simplex hepatitis. Herpes simplex virus was isolated from the liver.
THE ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC EFFECT OF D‐SERINE1‐NORLEUCINE4‐VALINAMIDE25‐β‐1‐25‐CORTICOTROPIN (DW 75)
Authors: Haugen H. N.
Published: August 2010

Abstract A comparison has been made in 15 healthy individuals between the adrenocorticotropic effect of a synthetic pentacosapeptide (DW 75) and natural ACTH. The synthetic preparation was found to be six times more potent than the genuine preparation and to have a slightly longer lasting effect.
PERMANENT ECTOPIC SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA TREATED WITH AN ADRENERGIC β‐RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST
Authors: Lund‐Larsen Per G.
Published: August 2010

Abstract A case of permanent ectopic supraventricular tachycardia followed for 11 years, the last two years on propranolol treatment, is reported. Untreated, the heart rate varied spontaneously between 150 and 210 per min. Quinidine, procainamide, Valsalva's maneuver and carotid massage had no effect. Acetylcholine intravenously and electroshock converted to sinus rhythm which, however, persisted only for a few seconds. Digitalis treatment had no effect on the atrial rate, but caused a varying degree of A‐V block (grade II‐III). When the patient was treated with propranolol, the ectopic focus was retarded until the sinus node could compete. However, when the treatment was discontinued, there was a gradual acceleration of the firing of the ectopic focus which again became the leading pacemaker. This indicates that the sinus node was less sensitive to adrenergic β‐receptor blockade than the ectopic focus. This fact and the chronicity of the tachycardia are in accordance with a supposed hypersensitivity of the ectopic focus to sympathetic stimulation.
IN VITRO DETECTION OF TUBERCULIN HYPERSENSITIVITY IN MAN
Authors: Clausen J. E. , Søborg M.
Published: August 2010

Abstract The influence of purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) upon the in vitro migration of peripheral leucocytes from persons with positive and negative intracutaneous tuberculin reactions has been investigated. An inhibition is seen with leucocytes from Mantoux‐positive persons, whereas no inhibition is seen with leucocytes from Mantoux‐negative persons. The migration indices are well correlated to the degree of the intracutaneous reactions in mm.
CENTRAL HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF TERODILINE IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: Lecerof Harry , Malmborg Robert O.
Published: August 2010

Abstract The hemodynamic response to terodiline has been tested on ten patients with severe coronary heart disease. The drug had no significant effects on the central hemodynamics at rest. During exercise, however, terodiline reduced the pulmonary capillary venous pressure at an increased or unchanged calculated external cardiac work in eight of the patients. No pain or reduced pain during exercise was noted by four of these patients.
GLUCOSE TOLERANCE AND PLASMA INSULIN IN MAN DURING ACUTE AND CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF NICOTINIC ACID
Authors: Miettinen Tatu A. , Taskinen Marja‐Riitta , Pelkonen Risto , Nikkilä Esko A.
Published: August 2010

Abstract Since nicotinic acid is known to interfere with the glucose metabolism, a detailed study was made to establish whether insulin secretion is involved in this action. On chronic administration of nicotinic acid to hyperlipidemic subjects the fasting blood glucose and plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentrations rose significantly. The elimination rate constant (K) of intravenous glucose decreased from an average of 1.88 to 1.07. The plasma IRI response increased, but only in relation to blood glucose level. Biguanide treatment did not improve the glucose utilization during nicotinic acid treatment.

A short‐term effect of the drug given as intravenous infusion to control subjects was a decrease of K‐value of iv. glucose, a slight increase of basal plasma IRI level and an unchanged plasma IRI response to glucose load. In subjects maintained on total calory restriction or on high‐fat low‐carbohydrate diet nicotinic acid did not cause any further decrease of the primarily low K‐value. A similar lack of effect was present in patients with liver cirrhosis. Also in these instances the IRI response was not modified by nicotinic acid.

It is suggested that nicotinic acid impairs the hepatic glucose assimilation by increasing both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis through some action which is not related to antilipolysis. Insulin secretion is slightly stimulated by the drug.
MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY (IgG) AND CHRONIC ULCERATIVE DERMATITIS (PHAGEDENIC PYODERMA)
Authors: Imhof J. W. , Schlatter G. J. N. Vleugels , Hart H. Ch. , Zegers B. J. M.
Published: August 2010

Abstract Case report of a patient with chronic ulcerative dermatitis and monoclonal gammopathy. No signs of myeloma could be detected. The M‐component was found to be of class G, L‐chain type K and subtype 3.
ARE PROTEINURIA TESTS RELIABLE AS SCREENING METHODS FOR RENAL DISEASE?
Authors: Larsson Sten Olle , Thysell Hans
Published: August 2010

Abstract To assess the value of proteinuria tests as screening methods for the detection of urinary‐tract disease an evaluation has been made of the Albustix and the sulphosalicylic‐acid tests in a health survey of 1346 women between 15 and 69 years old, all of whom are employed in hospitals.

The study comprised screening of the total material (1346 women) and a clinical examination of 634 women with pathological urine findings at the screening and/or histories suggestive of urinary‐tract disease. The clinically examined women were tested with Albustix on four occasions and by the sulphosalicylic‐acid test on three occasions. At the screening 3.5% were Albustix‐posiüve and 5.9% positive in the sulphosalicylic‐acid test. In 33.1% there was a discrepancy between the two tests. Of the clinically examined women 0.3% were Albustix‐positive on all four occasions, 2.4% on two or three, and 47.2% on one occasion. The corresponding figures for women examined by the sulphosalicylic‐acid test on three occasions were 1.7% positive on all three occasions, 6.8% positive on two, and 22.3% on one occasion. The frequency of intermittently positive proteinuria tests decreased significantly with increasing age. The frequency of urinary‐tract disease and hypertension was the same in the group with intermittently positive proteinuria tests as in the group with negative tests throughout. The results show that proteinuria tests are not suitable as the only screening method for the detection of urinary‐tract diseases.
BLOOD LEVELS OF INSULIN IN URAEMIC PATIENTS
Authors: Friis Th. , Hindberg Inge
Published: August 2010

Abstract Oral glucose tolerance and intravenous tolbutamide tests have been performed on 11 uraemic patients with normal fasting blood sugar, on 9 non‐uraemic patients with normal oral glucose tolerance, and on 13 non‐uraemic patients with abnormal glucose tolerance but with normal fasting blood sugar. At the same time the blood level of insulin was determined by an immunological technique. The glucose response of the uraemic patients, during glucose tolerance as well as during tolbutamide tests, did not differ from the average response in the group of non‐uraemics. On the other hand, the insulin response was increased in the uraemic patients during both tests. The uraemic patients also exhibited an increased insulin response to tolbutamide as compared with the 13 non‐uraemic patients with abnormal glucose tolerance.
IRON‐RESISTANT HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA IN A SCANDINAVIAN FAMILY: HETEROZYGOUS β‐THALASSEMIA
Authors: Evensen Stein A. , Jeremic Michael , Hjort Peter F.
Published: August 2010

Abstract Four cases of heterozygous β‐thalassemia in three generations of a Norwegian family are reported. Hypochromic microcytic anemia with many target cells and a high serum iron concentration suggested the diagnosis; hemoglobin starch‐gel electrophoresis demonstrating an increased Hb A2 fraction and family studies confirmed it. It is concluded that iron‐resistant hypochromic anemia in individuals of apparently Scandinavian descent may be due to β‐thalassemia.
ACUTE EFFECT OF A SUSTAINED RELEASE PYRIDYL CARBINOL PREPARATION, RONICOL RETARD®, ON PLASMA FREE FATTY ACIDS
Authors: Carlson Lars A. , Orö Lars
Published: August 2010

Abstract The effect of two different single doses of a sustained release preparation of pyridyl carbinol, Ronicol Retard® taken by mouth, was studied in eleven patients. The results were compared to previously obtained data, with identical experimental procedures, for nicotinic acid and placebo.

The concentration of free nicotinic acid in plasma rose slowly after 0.45 and 1.05 g of Ronicol Retard® to reach a maximum level after 2 to 3 h and then declined to basal levels after 6 or more h.

The concentration of FFA in plasma was lowered to the same level as with nicotinic acid by both doses of Ronicol Retard®. In comparison to values obtained after placebo, 0.45 g depressed the FFA levels for 1 ½ h, 1.05 g for about 3 h.

When the FFA lowering effect vanished there was little rebound (overshoot) of FFA levels after Ronicol Retard® while nicotinic acid gave rise to a pronounced overshoot.

Flush, similar to that seen after nicotinic acid, occurred in all patients receiving 1.05 g of Ronicol Retard®. After 0.45 g not all patients showed flush, and those who did had it to a slighter degree than after 1.05 g.

Compared to nicotinic acid pyridyl carbinol did not inhibit lipolysis in adipose tissue when added in vitro unless the concentration was 100 times greater than that of nicotinic acid. Even then the inhibition was much less pronounced than with nicotinic acid. This finding together with the appearance of free nicotinic acid in plasma after Ronicol Retard® suggests that this compound lowers plasma levels of FFA by being metabolized to nicotinic acid, which then inhibits lipolysis.

The relationship of lowering of FFA, the FFA overshoot and other possible effects of nicotinic acid to the lowering of the concentration of cholesterol in plasma is briefly discussed.
FOUR YEARS‘ FOLLOW UP OF ASYMPTOMATIC ISOLATED PROTEINURIA DIAGNOSED IN A GENERAL HEALTH SURVEY
Authors: Larsson Sten Olle , Thysell Hans
Published: August 2010

Abstract The present work comprises a follow‐up study, on average four years after, of 128 cases displaying isolated proteinuria of persistent (31 cases), intermittent (55 cases) or transient type (42 cases) in a general health survey. The check‐up examination included a screening with questionnaire and analysis of morning urine sent in and also a clinical examination of cases displaying pathological urine findings or suspect case histories of urinary tract disease in the screening. In the clinical examination 89 individuals took part (20 cases with persistent, 45 with intermittent and 24 with transient proteinuria). Of these 89 cases only four (4.5%) had proteinuria in all three urine examinations which were performed. All these four cases had persistent proteinuria at the primary examination. Sixty‐eight cases (76%) did not have proteinuria on any occasion during the follow‐up, six of whom had persistent proteinuria at the primary examination. Only 11 (12%) of the 89 clinically investigated displayed signs of urinary tract disease. Seven of these 11 cases with urinary tract disease belonged to the group with persistent proteinuria at the primary examination.
HAEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF PROPRANOLOL AND NITROGLYCERIN IN NORMAL SUBJECTS DURING SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE
Authors: Nordenfelt Ivar , Persson Stig
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe haemodynamic effects of propranolol and nitroglycerin have been studied in four normal subjects during submaximal exercise in the sitting position. The rise in heart rate normally seen after nitroglycerin was prevented by propranolol, and the reduction in the cardiac output and mean pressure caused by both drugs together was of the same order as that produced by only one of them.
UREMIC PERICARDITIS
Authors: Skov Poul Erik , Hansen Hans Erik , Spencer Edwin Stanton
Published: August 2010

Abstract The frequency of uremic pericarditis and complicating cardiac tamponade has been determined in a series of 125 patients in terminal uremia. Forty (32%) were found to have uremic pericarditis, and five of these patients (12.5%) developed a pericardial effusion sufficient to produce cardiac tamponade. The diagnosis uremic pericarditis had been made during life in 32 of the 40 patients on the presence of a pericardial friction rub, which was found to be the most constant symptom of pericarditis. Demonstration of acute pericardial constriction was solely clinical: rapidly developing cardiac insufficiency in a clinical situation where hypertensive heart disease, overhydration and severe anemia could be ruled out as etiologic factors.

Seven of the patients with uremic pericarditis were treated with regular hemodialysis using universal heparinization. One patient developed cardiac tamponade in connection with his first hemodialysis. All the rest of the hemodialyses in this patient and in the other patients were without complications. The risk of universal heparinization must therefore be considered to be minimal. The size and shape of the heart became normal in three of the seven patients and the pericardial friction rub disappeared in all of them during intermittent hemodialysis. It is thus possible with effective hemodialysis to treat uremic pericarditis and complicating pericardial effusion so that renal allotransplantation can be carried out. Eight patients with uremic pericarditis in this series, including two with cardiac tamponade, have received renal transplants. Seven of these patients are alive, one three years post‐transplant.
EFFECT OF APTIN, A β‐ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENT, IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Furberg C. , Michaelson G.
Published: August 2010

Abstract The antihypertensive effect of a new beta‐adrenergic blocking agent, Aptin, has been studied in a group of 12 patients with moderate arterial hypertension. The trial was carried out using a conventional double‐blind cross‐over design.

A significant reduction of 18 mm Hg in the systolic blood pressure at rest was recorded for the entire group. The corresponding decrease of 7 mm Hg in the distolic pressure was not significant. During exercise a more pronounced reduction was recorded than at rest. The correlation found between the reduction in systolic blood pressure and heart rate during exercise during the Aptin treatment was probably significant.

The antihypertensive effect of Aptin was considered as moderate. The drug may be of therapeutic value in combination with other antihypertensive drugs. No significant adverse effects or changes in results of laboratory tests were noted during the Aptin treatment.
STUDIES OF PITUITARY‐ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: Binder Vibeke , Binder Chr.
Published: August 2010

Abstract The pituilary‐adrenal function has been evaluated in 41 patients with well defined ulcerative colitis. No dysfunction was shown. In three cases a false negative response in urinary 17‐KGS was found during the metyrapone test.
THE CONTROL OF PLASMINOGEN AND PLASMIN DURING THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY
Authors: Blix Sverre
Published: August 2010

Abstract Plasminogen levels during thrombolytic therapy have been recorded, utilizing a previously standardized method. The plasminogen is determined as proactivator in a rapid clot lysis system. The method seems to be reliable and may be used as an alternative to the caseinolytic assays.
IRON ABSORPTION IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY MEN AND WOMEN
Authors: Höglund S.
Published: August 2010

Abstract Thirty‐three women and 24 men, all apparently healthy, have been investigated in respect of iron absorption by means of radioactive iron and a whole body counter. Six out of 33 women had either a somewhat low serum iron concentration or a high TIBC; and in nearly 40% of them absorption exceeded the upper limit for the men. The mean absorption of the women was about double that of the men. No correlation could be shown to exist between absorption on the one hand and hemoglobin, packed cell volume, serum iron and TIBC on the other.
ABNORMAL GROWTH HORMONE RESPONSE TO INGESTION OF GLUCOSE IN JUVENILE DIABETICS
Authors: Yde Hans
Published: August 2010

Abstract Using a chromatographic radio‐immunological method, serum growth hormone has been determined in thirteen controls and six newly diagnosed, untreated juvenile diabetics during a six‐hour oral glucose tolerance test under strictly standardized conditions. The controls had a mean peak value of serum growth hormone five hours after glucose ingestion; while the juvenile diabetics exhibited an early hyperresponse in serum growth hormone with a mean peak value 2 ½ hours after glucose. No difference could be demonstrated between fasting serum growth hormone in the two groups. These results are discussed in the light of the hypothesis of Rabinowitz and Zierler, and of Young.
URINARY EXCRETION OF HYDROXOCOBALAMINE AND CYANOCOBALAMINE AFTER ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF LARGE DOSES
Authors: Hedstrand Hans
Published: August 2010

Abstract Eight patients with pernicious anaemia in relapse have been treated with oral doses of 2000 μg hydroxocobalamine twice daily. Remission was obtained in all patients within four to six weeks. Studies with labelled cobalamines showed that after large oral doses less OH B12 than CN B12 was excreted in the urine when equal doses were given to the same person. This difference was small but significant.
ENZYMES IN CELL FRACTIONS OF HUMAN LIVER BIOPSIES
Authors: Kemp E. , Laursen T. , Munck O. , Olsen T. Steen , Tygstrup N.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Liver biopsies from 31 patients with histologically normal liver, from 14 patients with cirrhosis, and from 17 patients with fatty liver have been homogenized and separated in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic fractions by centrifugation. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was determined in the cytoplasmic fraction, and glutamate‐oxal‐acetate transaminase (GOT) in both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial fractions. The activities were related to tyrosine‐containing protein (Lowry). All activities showed a great variation from patient to patient in all groups, but the mean values of cytoplasmic LDH and GOT were significantly depressed in cirrhotic livers, and mitochondrial GOT was significantly elevated in fatty livers.
ETIOLOGY OF AORTIC VALVULAR DISEASE
Authors: Storstein Ole
Published: August 2010

Abstract. On the basis of a clinical material comprising 222 patients with aortic valvular disease, of whom 161 had been subjected to aortic valvular surgery, the etiology of aortic stenosis and insufficiency has been considered. In this material 31% had congenital aortic stenosis. Previous rheumatic infection was found in 27% of the patients. In the majority of the remaining patients aortic stenosis is thought to develop on the basis of congenital bicuspid aortic valves, which is one of the most common congenital anomalies.

Aortic insufficiency is most often combined with aortic stenosis and of the same etiology as aortic stenosis. In patients with pure aortic insufficiency, however, bacterial endocarditis is at the present time the most common cause of the insufficiency. Aortic dilatation with normal aortic valves was a common cause of aortic insufficiency. The dilatation was seen in rheumatoid spondylitis, following surgery for coarctation of the aorta, and in some cases was of unknown etiology. Syphilitic aortitis was seen in only one patient.
PROLONGED ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION IN SEVERE STATUS ASTHMATICUS
Authors: Iisalo E. U. M. , Iisalo E. I. , Vapaavuori M. J.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Prolonged artificial ventilation was employed 29 times in cases of severe status asthmaticus at the Medical Department, University of Turku, in co‐operation with the Department of Anesthesiology. Three of the 26 patients were twice under respirator treatment. The outcome was fatal in four cases. At the time they were connected up to the respirator all the patients were physically exhausted, pale, cyanosed and had difficulties in coughing up bronchial secretions. Seventeen patients were unconscious. Carbon dioxide retention occurred in all the cases. The mean duration of controlled mechanical ventilation was five days.

The indications for controlled respirator therapy are examined with reference to the material. The conclusion reached is that this form of therapy is useful, often a necessary and lifesaving measure in the treatment of patients with most severe status asthmaticus.
ANTICOAGULANT TREATMENT OF ACUTE CORONARY THROMBOSIS
Authors: Sørensen O. Helmer , Friis Th. , Jørgensen A. Whitta , Jørgensen M. Borch , Nissen N. I.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Four hundred and fifty‐one patients with acute myocardial infarction were placed, according to their date of admission, in one of two groups: an anticoagulant‐treated group and a placebo group. After the exclusion of patients who died within 48 hours, patients whose diagnosis was only made post mortem, and a few patients who, for various other reasons, had to be left untreated, there remained 276 patients for the trial: 156 patients in the anticoagulant‐treated group and 120 patients in the placebo group. The results, in terms of mortality rate, thrombo‐embolic complications, and haemorrhagic incidents, were evaluated after 4 weeks' treatment (short‐term material), and again after an observation period of up to two years in the 139 anticoagulant‐treated patients and the 95 placebo patients who survived the first four weeks (long‐term material).

In the short‐term material the anticoagulant‐treated group showed a statistically significant reduction in the number of thrombo‐embolic complications and the mortality rate. In the long‐term material there was a statistically significant reduction in the mortality rate in anticoagulant‐treated patients who, during the acute stage, had been classified as bad risks; and in the recurrence rate for patients over 60. In only one patient, during long‐term treatment, could death be ascribed for certain to this treatment.
HODGKIN'S DISEASE IN NORWAY
Authors: Bjelke Erik
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Recorded mortality from Hodgkin's disease in Norway since 1931 showed at ages less than 50 years an increase until 1951–1955 and at ages 50 and over an increase throughout the period 1931–1965. The main features of the trends in recorded mortality are compatible with the effects of improved possibilities for the recognition of the disease.

A series of 820 cases of Hodgkin's disease notified to the Cancer Registry of Norway as diagnosed during the period 1953–1963 is reported on. All cases were histologically diagnosed.

Age‐specific incidence rates of Hodgkin's disease exhibit a characteristic bimodal curve. Both in males and females the incidence rates increased rapidly from age 10–15 and reached a peak at age 20–30. After age 40–50 the incidence started increasing again with increasing age. From age 20 the incidence was higher in males than in females. For malignant lymphomas as a group—and the findings for Hodgkin's disease were in line with those for the other lymphomas—the incidence at ages less than 55 was higher in single women than in women who had ever married.

A grouping by county of residence did not reveal any marked geographical differences in average incidence. No special seasonal pattern in the occurrence of Hodgkin's disease was detected. The distribution of cases by county of residence and time of diagnosis (2‐year intervals) suggests a clustering of newly diagnosed cases in time and space.

For cases diagnosed in 1953–1958 relative survival rates were highest in patients less than 65 years of age. For the age group less than 45 the 5‐year survival rate, from the time of diagnosis, was 30 percent for males and 44 for females.
IRON DEFICIENCY IN WOMEN OF FERTILE AGE IN A SWEDISH COMMUNITY
Authors: Garby Lars , Irnell Lars , Werner Iver
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A new method for estimating the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia is proposed. The method is based on determination of the percentage of subjects showing a significant response in haematocrit or haemoglobin value following supplementation with iron.

The method was applied in a study of apparently healthy women in Uppsala. The response to placebo and iron supplementation was estimated in a total of 414 trials. The percentage of subjects showing a significant response to iron was calculated in each haematocrit interval; and the total percentage of subjects judged, on this basis, to be iron deficient in a randomly chosen sample from the community was estimated to be 17%.
PLATELET ADHESION: A COMPARISON OF FOUR METHODS
Authors: Sjögren A. , Böttiger L. E. , Biörck G.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A direct comparison of Wright's, Hellem's whole‐blood and platelet‐rich plasma/adenosine diphosphate and Salzman's methods for platelet adhesion has shown good correlation between Hellem's and Salzman's whole‐blood methods (P < 0.01), a weaker, yet significant correlation between Wright's and Salzman's methods (P < 0.05), but no correlation between any of the three whole‐blood methods employed and Hellem's PRP/ADP method.
MONOAMINE OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN THE HUMAN SMALL INTESTINE
Authors: Mustala O. , Solatunturi E. , Tarpila S.
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in the epithelium of the normal human small intestine was found to be very high, 28.0 nmol IAA/mg/h, which is higher than the MAO activity in other tissues according to earlier studies. After nialamide treatment (150 mg/day orally) for two weeks the activity was reduced by 85%. This is about the same as that seen after pargyline and isocarboxazide treatment and cannot be the explanation of the lesser complications with nialamide. Merely the decrease of MAO activity in the epithelium of the small intestine is probably a very important factor in the development of the circulatory reactions from which patients treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors suffer after ingesting certain foods containing monoamines.

The measurement of MAO activity in the intestinal mucosa was found to be a useful method for clinical work.
HEREDITARY ABNORMAL MUSCLE METABOLISM WITH HYPERKINETIC CIRCULATION DURING EXERCISE
Authors: Linderholm H. , MüllerT R. , Ringqvist T. , Sörnäs R.
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Patients with a hereditary myopathy with paroxysmal myoglobinuria were studied in the chronic state of the disease. They were characterized by muscle contractions of fairly normal strength and quite good endurance in exercise with small muscle groups, but a poor physical performance in exercise of some duration with large muscle groups.

Several facts indicate that it was not muscular weakness, but the circulatory capacity that was a main factor limiting the physical working capacity in exercise of some duration with large muscle groups. The oxygen uptake was largely normal in relation to the work performed. However, even light exercise on a bicycle ergometer caused tachycardia (approaching maximum heart rate), a high cardiac output (approaching, for the size of the individual, maximum values in the normal range) and an abundant blood flow through the exercising legs. Thus, there were no signs of insufficient heart function, but the utilization of the oxygen of the blood in the exercising limbs was low.

The concentration of lactate, and particularly of pyruvate, in the blood, and the lactate and pyruvate production increased more than in the controls for the slight work performed. During exercise the lactate/pyruvate ratio decreased and the calculated “excess of lactate” was negative, while it increased in normal subjects. After exercise the excess lactate was higher in the patients than in the controls. This indicates an abnormal muscle metabolism, probably a decreased capacity for pyruvate oxidation.

It is suggested that a metabolic disturbance caused an abnormally large production of metabolites in the working muscles, resulting in muscular vessel dilatation by a local humoral effect. The muscles acted almost like a‐v shunts and, as a consequence, the patients had a hyperkinetic circulation, i.e. a low O2uptake in relation to cardiac output, a low a‐v O2difference for mixed venous blood and for the venous blood of the exercising limbs.
EFFECTS OF HYPERVENTILATION ON ECG IN PATIENTS WITH CIRCULATORY DISTURBANCES
Authors: Furberg Curt , Linderholm Håkan
Published: August 2010

Abstract.The ECG has been recorded in patients with vasoregulatory asthenia, coronary insufficiency and arterial hypertension, as well as in healthy controls at rest, after hyperventilation, during an orthostatic test and a work test.

S‐T and T depressions, usually of sympathicotonic type, appeared or were accentuated after hyperventilation, particularly in patients with vasoregulatory asthenia, who also showed similar changes during an orthostatic test. Such ECG changes were uncommon in the other groups.

The results sustain the concept that an increased sympathetic autonomic nervous tone provoked by hyperventilation causes the S‐T and T depressions, particularly in patients with vasoregulatory asthenia.

The diagnostic value of the hyperventilation ECG for analysing functional S‐T and T depressions is emphasized, as well as the diagnostic difficulties in the evaluation of ECG changes in patients who hyperventilate, for instance during a hypoxia test.
RELAPSING POLYCHONDRITIS
Authors: Abrahamsen Arne M. , Bergaust Bjørn
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A case of relapsing polychondritis in a 27‐year‐old man is reported. There was involvement of the ear, nasal and costal cartilage. He had periodical pains in the spinal column, the elbow‐, hip‐ and knee‐joints. Biopsy of the nasal septum showed perichondritis and moderate chondritis. Elevated ESR, pathologic electrophoresis of serum, anemia and a transient elevation of the white blood count were recorded. There was an abundance of eye symptoms, scleroiritis, sclerokeratitis of a special type and exudative chorioretinitis. Treatment alternatively with acetylsalicylic acid, corticosteroids and monophenylbutazon was effective. Local and general treatment with corticosteroids had a good effect on the eye symptoms.
PULMONARY REACTION TO NITROFURANTOIN
Authors: Brander Lennart , Selroos Olof
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Two cases of pulmonary reaction to nitro‐furantoin with leucocytosis and eosinophilia are reported. Pleural effusion and diffuse pulmonary infiltration were found in both cases. Rapid improvement was noted when nitrofurantoin was discontinued. The syndrome is characterized as an acute, febrile, noncardiac, pulmonary oedema. The clinical picture and differential diagnoses are discussed. The authors explain the syndrome as a hypersensitive type of reaction.
LIDOCAINE AS AN ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT
Authors: Flensted‐Jensen Ellen , Sandøe Erik
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Lidocaine has been used in the treatment of 93 episodes of arrhythmias in 68 patients in a coronary care unit. Forty‐nine of the patients had acute myocardial infarction. A booster dose of 25, 50 or 100 mg was given initially. When effective, this injection was followed by intravenous infusion of 1/2–4 mg/min when a prolonged effect was desired. In this series lidocaine proved effective in the treatment of ventricular extrasystoles and tachycardia and facilitated cardioversion in some patients with ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, whereas few cases of supraventricular arrhythmias could be controlled in this way. Side‐effects, especially hypotension, were rare and as a rule they subsided after brief discontinuation of the drug. This was true also in two cases of supraventricular tachycardia following lidocaine treatment. However, this drug might be incriminated as contributing to the death of two patients with myocardial infarction. Over quinidine and procainamide lidocaine has the advantages of a rapid onset of action and rapid elimination. Besides, deleterious circulatory side‐effects seem to be very rare.
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS
Authors: Kreus K.‐E. , Kemilä S. J. , Takala J. K.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Electrocardiographic abnormalities in various cerebrovascular accidents are described, based on a clinical material. The incidence of the ECG changes was 71.5% in the group with subarachnoid haemorrhage. The figures for the groups with intracerebral haemorrhage and unclassified cerebrovascular accidents were 57.1 and 41.1%, respectively. Attention has been focused on positive, abnormal T waves, and on S‐T segment elevations in connection with an acute increase of blood pressure in the early phase after cerebrovascular accident. These changes were often shown to precede the T wave inversions which followed later. Subendocardial haemorrhages and in one case distinct myocardial infarction were observed. The authors believe that the prime factor responsible for ECG changes is an acute increase in left ventricular pressure following elevation of intracranial pressure. A short review of the literature is also given.
THE INFLUENCE OF PHENOBARBITAL ON THE HALF‐LIFE OF DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN IN MAN
Authors: Kristensen M. , Hansen J. Mølholm , Skovsted L.
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Prior treatment of human subjects with phenobarbital for ten days increased the rate of disappearance of an intravenous dose of14C‐labelled diphenylhydantoin in 12 patients. The phenobarbital treatment did not change the amount of ultrafiltrable diphenylhydantoin, nor the volume of distribution of diphenylhydantoin, and it is therefore considered justifiable to assume that phenobarbital may increase the metabolism of diphenylhydantoin in humans. In two patients who were intoxicated with barbiturates the half‐life of diphenylhydantoin was estimated to 4.25 and 3.75 hours, respectively, which are very low compared to the normal value of 11.3 hours.
CIRCULATING ANTIBODIES IN GASTRITIS
Authors: Varis K. , Krohn K. , Isokoski M. , Siurala M.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The presence of serum parietal cell and intrinsic factor antibodies has been examined in 51 subjects including eight patients with pernicious anemia. Parietal cell antibodies were found only in patients with atrophic gastritis (in 16 out of 30) and mainly in those with complete or almost complete loss of parietal cells (in 14 out of 20). Blocking intrinsic factor antibodies were present only in the latter group (in 8 out of 20). Binding intrinsic factor antibodies were found only in one patient with complete loss of parietal cells. Parietal cell and intrinsic factor antibodies were found in patients with pernicious anemia (in respectively 6 and 4 out of 8) as well as in patients with severe atrophic gastritis without pernicious anemia (in respectively 8 and 4 out of 12). There is a good correlation between the results of the Schilling test and the occurrence of these antibodies. No correlation is observed between the severity of lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration and the occurrence of parietal cell antibodies, whereas a reverse correlation exists with the occurrence and the titer of intrinsic factor antibodies.
LIPID CHANGES AFTER INCUBATION OF NORMAL PLASMA
Authors: Berlin Ragnar , Oldfelt Carl Olof , Vikrot Olle
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The individual phospholipids as well as the triglycerides, free fatty acids, total cholesterol and its non‐esterified fraction have been determined on a normal material comprising 37 men and women of different age groups. Young men exhibited significantly higher values of lysolecithin in comparison with elderly men and women irrespective of age.

Incubation studies revealed a lecithin splitting activity with subsequent formation of lysolecithin and release of fatty acids. Simultaneously the well‐known lipase activity was found, splitting also the triglycerides and releasing further amounts of free fatty acids. Free cholesterol decreased to a significant extent, probably by transesterification of fatty acids released during the incubation from lecithin and probably also to a lesser degree from triglycerides. No change of sphingomyelin was noted and phosphatidylethanolamine also remained unchanged during the incubation. The reported lysolecithin increase in incubated plasma probably explains the previously reported reduced sedimentation rate of red cells added to such a plasma. The increment of free fatty acids may also contribute to the same result to a lesser extent.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STOMACH TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN PIGS1
Authors: Petri Svend , Petri Claus
Published: August 2010

Abstract.The gastric fundus is the sole aetiological factor in the degenerative changes of the central nervous system which constantly follow upon total gastrectomy in pigs. The cardia and the pylorus are of no importance in this respect.
INTESTINAL EXCRETION OF LOW AND HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE (PVP) IN PATIENTS WITH PROTEINURIA
Authors: Hazenberg B. P. , Arisz L. , van Zanten A. , Mandema E.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Excretion of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) by the gastrointestinal tract has been investigated in a group of patients with proteinuria due to primary renal disease and a group of normal controls. Two types of PVP were used, one with a mean molecular weight of 40,000, labelled with 125I (LMW‐PVP), the other with a mean molecular weight of 160,000, labelled with 131I (HMW‐PVP). The purpose of this study was to obtain more information about the possibility of increased gastrointestinal protein loss in patients with proteinuria and, if present, to acquire data on its mechanism. In six of 30 patients PVP excretion was definitely above normal. Mean faecal PVP excretion was nearly twice as high as compared with the control group. The data obtained in this investigation point to a simultaneous involvement of the capillary wall in the gut in at least some of the patients with the nephrotic syndrome. A preferential excretion of the LMW‐PVP was shown in both groups, which indicates a sieving effect in the excretion of macro‐molecules. Faecal PVP excretion however appears to be less “selective” than urinary PVP excretion. A theory is developed to explain the gradually decreasing ratio
INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION AND HAEMORRHAGIC PANCREATIC NECROSIS IN A PATIENT WITH CARCINOID DISEASE
Authors: Johansson Stig‐Arne
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A case with haemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis due to occlusion of the common hepatic artery is described. It was followed by a decrease in platelets, shortened coagulation time in plastic tubes, low thrombotest, decreased prothrombin + proconvertin activity, factors V, IX and fibrinogen. All these changes are similar to those occurring after injections of thrombin, i.e. during intravascular coagulation.
III. THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE FAT EMBOLI IN THE POST‐ALIMENTARY DOG
Authors: HALLGREN B. , KERSTELL J. , RUDENSTAM C.‐M. , SVANBORG A.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The composition of the pulmonary fat emboli, plasma and bone marrow triglycerides were compared in the traumatized dog in the post‐alimentary state. The animals had been fed triglycerides with a fatty acid pattern different from both post‐absorptive plasma and bone marrow triglycerides. This fat intake caused the appearance of chylomicrons with a triglyceride fatty acid pattern similar to that of the ingested fat. These alterations in the plasma triglycerides were not reflected in the emboli and bone marrow triglyceride composition. The results therefore indicate that there was no significant contribution of the chylomicrons to the fat emboli.
IV. THE INCORPORATION OF LABELLED CHYLOMICRONS INTO THE FAT EMBOLI IN THE POST‐ALIMENTARY DOG
Authors: KERSTELL J.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Pulmonary fat emboli were isolated and analysed in 3 dogs which had received 100μ Ci of glycerol —141C‐tripalmitate together with alimentary fat, in order to determine if plasma triglycerides stick to and/or are incorporated into emboli droplets after bone fractures. The administration of labelled fat caused the appearance of chylomicrons in which the labelled fatty acids were present. No radioactivity was found in the fat emboli. The results therefore indicate that none of these chylomicrons were included in the fat emboli.
IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY IN WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS
Authors: Teisberg Per , Enger Erik
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The case history of a 26‐year‐old woman with Wegener's granulomatosis is presented. There were clinical signs of cutaneous, pulmonary, mastoidal and renal involvements. During an oliguric period of five weeks life was maintained by peritoneal dialysis. Eventually she responded favourably to combined treatment with azathioprine and corticosteroids. During one year's follow‐up the serum creatinine level has remained unchanged at about 2 mg/100 ml. There has also been a marked improvement of the other manifestations of the disease, and her general condition is good.
EFFECT OF ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE (ALUDROX) UPON SERUM CALCIUM, SERUM PHOSPHORUS, AND CALCIUM47 TURNOVER IN URAEMIC PATIENTS
Authors: Friis Th. , Weeke E.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. In 11 normal persons and 16 uraemic patients serum calcium, serum phosphorus, and calcium pool (exchangeable calcium) were determined (Heaney and Whedon (9)). Among the 16 uraemic patients eight had inulin clearance < 20 ml/min, five between 20 and 40 ml/min, and three > 40 ml/min. Nine of the uraemic patients had serum calcium levels below normal (inulin clearance <40 ml/min) and six serum phosphorus above the normal range (inulin clearance <20 ml/min). Ten had abnormal X‐ray appearances of the spine and skull (halisteresis, fractures). Fourteen had chronic pyelonephritis, one renal tubular acidosis, and one polycystic kidneys. The exchangeable calcium was 59.9 ±13.9 mg/kg in the normals and 77.6 ±39.4 mg/kg in the uraemic patients; this difference is not significant. The patients with severe halisteresis had the highest exchangeable calcium.

In four normals and 14 uraemics the effect of 6% mangesiumfree aluminium hydroxide (Aludrox) was studied, 90 ml being given daily for 1–8 months, mean period for the normals 3.5 months, for the uraemics 4.8 months. During the treatment the serum phosphorus decreased; there was a correlation between this decrease and the original level (r = ‐ 0.540). Serum calcium rose when it had originally been reduced.

Exchangeable calcium increased in all the normals and in all uraemics with inulin clearance > 20 ml/min. In four of the uraemic patients with inulin clearance < 20 ml/min exchangeable calcium decreased. In patients who showed an increase the exchangeable calcium again declined towards the initial values at the end of some months.

The bone formation rate was determined in 12 of the uraemic patients (mean = 14.5 ± 8.6 mg/kg, in normals 12.2 ± 2.3 mg/kg; this difference is not significant). Here, too, the highest values were found in patients with severe bone complications. In 11 of these patients the effect of aluminium hydroxide was studied (seven with inulin clearance <20 ml/min, three with inulin clearance between 20 and 40 ml/min, and one with inulin clearance above 40 ml/min). The values rose in all patients with inulin clearance above 20 ml/min and in five with inulin clearance below 20 ml/min. After some time, the bone formation rate declined towards the initial values.

There was a correlation between exchangeable calcium and bone formation rate (r = 0.740) and between the fall in serum phosphorus and the increase in bone formation rate (r = ‐0.531).