bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The heavy metal content of copper (Cu) and protein in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in floating net cage of Gajah Mungkur reservoir, Wonogiri, Central Java
Authors: AZWAN MOCHAMMAD , SUNARTO SUNARTO , SETYONO PRABANG
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Novebrianto MA, Sunarto, Setyono P. 2011. The heavy metal content of copper (Cu) and protein in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in floating net cage of Gajah Mungkur reservoir, Wonogiri, Central Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 1: 70-79. Reservoir Gajah Mungkur of Wonogiri is an artificially aquatic environment with susceptibility to heavy metal contamination, so through the process of bioaccumulation, the fish tissue can be contaminated. This research was to identify the concentration of heavy metals copper (Cu) and protein in the tissue of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linn.), bred in floating cage breeders at the reservoir Gajah Mungkur. It was also tended to observe the relationship between heavy metal concentrations of Cu with a protein content of tilapia tissue. Determination of sampling points was applied by a purposive sampling method. The concentration of both heavy metal and the measured protein was done descriptively, by comparing data obtained with freshwater quality standards according to PPRI No. 82 years 2001 and Decree DG POM No. 03725/B/SK/VII/89. Relations were analyzed by both correlations. The result showed that the concentration of Cu in the waters of reservoir Gajah Mungkur on a scale of 0.0108 mg/L was still below the threshold of freshwater quality standards. The parameters of temperature, pH, and DO on the results of the research were still in the range of values recommended for aquaculture activities. Cu concentration within tilapia tissues samples at 2.746 mg/kg was above the threshold of metal contamination in foods, especially processed meat, while the average protein content of tilapia value amounted to 18.07%. The higher the Cu content within the tissue, the lower the protein content of fish meat (r = ­0.780).
Biomass and density estimation of mangrove vegetation using Landsat ETM+: A case study on Muara Gembong protection forest, Bekasi, West Java
Authors: FORESTIAN OKTAMA , PRASETYO LILIK BUDI , KUSMANA CECEP
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Forestian O, Prasetyo LB, Kusmana C. 2011. Biomass and density estimation of mangrove vegetation using Landsat ETM+: A case study on Muara Gembong protection forest, Bekasi, West Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 1: 80-95. The study focused on Muara Gembong Mangrove Forest, Bekasi District of West Java Province. The purposes of this study were to determine the extent, potential biomass, and density of mangrove vegetation using Landsat ETM+ data in 2001 and 2010. The data is processed by several stages include: strip-filling, importing, stacking layer, subsetting, geographic correction, radiometric correction, image classification, estimation of mangrove biosystem character, and accuracy assessment. Land cover types found in the Landsat scene of the region consist of nine class image classification categories, i.e. sea 1, sea 2, mangroves, open/built area, rice field 1, mixed farms, rice field 2, ponds, and rivers. Landsat images were classified by supervised classification techniques with the maximum likelihood method. Each class of land cover types created 10 training areas. Value of the inter-class separability (transformed divergence separability) image 2001 and 2010 more than 1,900 while the overall accuracy and Kappa accuracy respectively of 99.8% and 99.63% for an image in 2001; 99.61 % and 99.39% for the image in 2010. Based on the accuracy assessment, which is a classified image of 2010 has the highest overall classification accuracy of 83.33%, while the kappa statistic overalls worth 77.29 wide were in Karang Gading (78.99%), Tanjung Rejo (63.76%), while the lowest one was in Paluh Sibaji (20.58%) and Rugemuk (26.43%). The highest salinity was found at sub-districts of Labuhan Deli and Hamparan Perak, while middle salinity at sub-district of  Percut Sei Tuan, while of sub-district of Pantai Labu the salinity was from low level to middle. Based on the analysis of the vegetation closeness and canopy width, the condition of the coastal region of Deli Serdang regency mangroves was destroyed.
The design of mangrove conservation area to increase the resilience of Cimanuk Delta, Indramayu, West Java to climate change
Authors: HADIANA HADIANA , SAMOSIR AGUSTINUS M.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Hadiana, Samosir AM. 2015. The design of mangrove conservation area to increase the resilience of Cimanuk Delta, Indramayu, West Java to climate change. Bonorowo Wetlands 5: 63-76.  Indramayu is one of the coastal areas in North Java that encountered many impacts by climate changes, such as storm intensity, abrasion, and flood that happened more frequently. One of the management mangroves’ efforts to reduce these impacts is conservation. Conservation planning is integrated into one form of designation of conservation areas. The aim of this research was to determine the variable of coastal resources related to protection. It gave the alternative plan of the conservation area as an effort to bring back Cimanuk Delta’s condition toward climate change. The planning in scenario one generated a core zone of about 97,27 km2, limited utilization zone 75,35 km², sustainable fisheries zone 149,30 km², and others 116,07 km² of total aquatic study in Coastal Indramayu (Delta Cimanuk) that have a total area of about 437,9890 km². The plan in scenario two generated a core zone of about 102,07 km², and the plan in scenario three generated a core zone of about 120,45 km. Overall, the location selected for the conservation area is always the same, i.e., located around Cemara, Pabean Ilir, Cantigi, and Pagirikan Coastal area.
Degradation analysis of mangrove ecological function as macrozoobenthos habitat and its management in the Angke Kapuk Coastal Area, Jakarta
Authors: BAYAN IRMA EKAWATI , YULIANDA FREDINAN , SETYOBUDIANDI ISDRADJAD
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Bayan IE, Yulianda F, Isdradjad Setyobudiandi I. 2016. Degradation analysis of mangrove ecological function as macrozoobenthos habitat and its management in the Angke Kapuk Coastal Area, Jakarta. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 1-11. Mangrove ecosystem is a natural resource that has many ecological benefits in the coastal ecosystems, such as becoming the habitat and food source for terrestrial and marine biotas. One of the Indonesian territories which has a fairly large mangrove forest area is in the north of DKI Jakarta Province. That is Angke Kapuk coastal which has 327.70 hectares of green belt area and is scattered in several regions (BKSDA Jakarta, 2003). Mangrove areas in Angke Kapuk play some important roles in the ecosystem, such as becoming a preservation habitat for several species, especially macrozoobenthos. The environmental degradation along with regional development, such as tourism, fisheries activity, and industrial caused the coastal resources of mangrove areas to become vulnerable. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ecological functions of mangroves as the habitat of macrozoobenthos in Angke Kapuk coastal region, to determine the extent of damage to mangrove state and its sustainable management recommendation of mangrove ecosystems in the Angke Kapuk coastal region. This study was conducted in June 2013 and March 2014 at six different stations based on the representation of the condition on the study site. The data collection consists of macrozoobenthos data collection and measurement of water quality parameters, including turbidity, DO, COD, BOD, salinity, pH, nitrate (NO3-N), nitrite (NO2-N), orthophosphate (PO4-P), and solids suspended (TSS). The results showed that the macrozoobenthos habitat and ecological functions of coastal mangrove areas in Angke Kapuk were degraded. The state of mangroves ecology in coastal Angke Kapuk was in the damage category based on standard mangrove destruction criteria of Minister of Environment’s Decree Number 201 of 2004. The mangrove density was less than 1,000 trees/ha, and its coverage area was less than 50%, so rehabilitation efforts involving the community and manager sectors for the mangrove area sustainability are necessary. Habitat improvement can be applied through cleaning trash in mangrove areas, especially in group A stations that be the most degraded condition and the largest receiving environmental pressures, as well as the group B stations which potentially fall on ecological function degradation due to high development pressures. Planting mangroves vegetation on the site that is ready to be planted is another way to improve the habitat.
Habitat suitability for Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1781) in the mangrove forest of Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan
Authors: SUWARTO SUWARTO , PRASETYO LILIK BUDI , KARTONO AGUS PRIYONO
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Suwarto, Prasetyo LB, Kartono AP. 2016. Habitat suitability for Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1781) in the mangrove forest of Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 12-25. This study aims to identify the factors determining that influence the suitability of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1781) in the mangrove habitat Kutai National Park through spatial modeling. Habitat suitability was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and linear regression was integrated with geographical information systems. Principal Component Analysis is a technique to construct new variables that are linear combinations to the original variables by reducing the variables used. The presence of groups of proboscis monkeys marked with GPS. Satellite images from Landsat 8 path 116 rows 60 processed digitally to generate proboscis vegetation distribution by the Normalization Difference Vegetation Index. Further data gathered were: variable distance from roads, distance from settlements, distance from the fishpond, and the distance from the source of water, obtained by the analysis euclidean distance of Indonesia Earth Appearance map. Spatial modeling using the coordinates of the encounter group proboscis as the dependent variable and the predictor variables used in the regression model is the distance from the road, the distance from the settlement, the distance from the pond, the distance from the source of water, the distance of Avicennia, distance from Bruguiera, distance from Rhizophora, distance from Sonneratia, and also LAI (Leaf Area Index). The overall area of study used to build the model is 7,343.88 hectares. The results of habitat suitability modeling proboscis monkey in the mangroves of TNK showed that only 99.50 hectares or 1.35% have high compatibility, the suitability being has a total area of 384.58 hectares or 18.85%, whereas an area of 5,859.81 hectares or 79.79% in low suitability. The results of the model’s study could be explained that the distribution of the proboscis monkey habitat suitability is influenced by factors of disturbance.
The relationship between mangrove ecosystem and fish diversity in Pabean Ilir and Pagirikan, Indramayu District, West Java
Authors: DESCASARI RANA , SETYOBUDIANDI ISDRADJAD , AFFANDI RIDWAN
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Descasari R, Setyobudiandi I, Affandi R. 2016. The relationship between mangrove ecosystem and fish diversity in Pabean Ilir and Pagirikan, Indramayu District, West Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 43-58. Mangrove ecosystem has high productivity because it has the ability to a nutrient trap, which supports aquatic biota, especially fish. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mangrove densities with total fish catch, number of fish species, and fish diversity. The data collections were mangrove condition, fish, physical, and chemical parameters. The results showed that mangrove density in Pabean Ilir Village is higher than in Pagirikan village. The highest importance value index of mangroves was Rhizophora mucronata and Avicennia marina. The total number of fish caught in two locations was 1,093 individuals, consisting of 80 species belonging to 38 families. The dominant fish species were Ambassis nalua, Johnius belangerii, Leiognathus equulus, and Platycephalus indicus. There was a positive relationship between the mangrove density and the total number of fish caught, number of fish species, and fish diversity in Pabean Ilir Village and Pagirikan Village, Pasekan Subdistrict, Indramayu District, West Java.
Environmental characteristics of mangrove forest in Mojo Village, Pemalang, Central Java as a reference to mud crab Scylla serrata aquasilviculture
Authors: SURYANI IYEN , NIRMALA KUKUH , HASTUTI YUNI PUJI
Published: January 2018

Suryani I, Nirmala K, Hastuti YP. 2016. Environmental characteristics of mangrove forest in Mojo Village, Pemalang, Central Java as a reference to mud crab Scylla serrata aquasilviculture. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 82-91. Mud carb is one of the fisheries commodity that has a high economical value. Production of mud carb still depends on the wild stock for the seed, while the production from aquaculture sector is not well established yet. Aquasilviculture is one of the option to develop aquaculture sector for this commodity. This research aimed to analyze environment characteristics of mangrove forest ecosystem in Mojo Village, Ulujami, Pemalang for aquasilviculture. This research was conducted based on the survey method. The results showed that the best environment characteristics were contained in station 3, with the mud crab production reached 4 kg/day when high catch, and 1.9 kg/day when low catch. From this result, the best environment characteristics of mangrove forests in Mojo village, Ulujami, Pemalang, for mud crab aquasilviculture is environment characteristics in station 3.
NICE guidance on sepsis is of limited value in postoperative colorectal patients: the scores that cry ‘wolf!’
Authors: Herrod PJJ , Cox M , Keevil H , Smith KJE , Lund JN
Published: January 2018

Background and aims

Late recognition of sepsis and consequent death remains a problem. To address this, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has published updated guidance recommending the use of the Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (Q-SOFA) score when assessing patients at risk of sepsis following the publication of the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock. The trauma from major surgery produces a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) postoperatively as part of its natural history, which may falsely trigger scoring systems. We aimed to assess the accuracy of Q-SOFA and SIRS criteria as recommended scores for early detection of sepsis and septic complications in the first 48hrs after colorectal cancer surgery.

Methods

We reviewed all elective major colorectal operations in a single centre during a 12-month period from prospectively maintained electronic records.

Results

One hundred and thirty nine patients were included in this study. In all, 29 patients developed postoperative infective complications in hospital. Nineteen patients triggered on SIRS without developing infective complications, while 42 patients triggered on Q-SOFA with no infective complications. The area under the ROC curve was 0.52 for Q-SOFA and 0.67 for SIRS.

Discussion

Q-SOFA appears to perform little better than a coin toss at identifying postoperative sepsis after colorectal cancer resection and is inferior to the SIRS criteria. More work is required to assess whether a combination of scoring criteria, biochemical markers and automated tools could increase accurate detection of postoperative infection and trigger early intervention.
Impact of laparoscopic approach in emergency major abdominal surgery: single-centre analysis of 748 consecutive cases
Authors: Pucher PH , Carter NC , Knight BC , Toh SKC , Tucker V , Mercer SJ
Published: January 2018

Background

Acute abdominal pathology requiring emergency laparotomy is a common surgical presentation. Despite its widespread implementation in other surgical procedures, laparoscopy, rather than laparotomy, is sparingly used in major emergency surgery. This study reports outcomes and impact of rising use of laparoscopy for a single high-volume district general hospital.

Methods

Data were retrieved from the prospective National Emergency Laparotomy Audit database for a 30-month period. Patient, procedural, and in-hospital outcome data were collated. Temporal trends were assessed and regression analysis conducted for clinical outcomes.

Results

A total of 748 consecutive cases were recorded. There was an increasing use of laparoscopy over the study period, with 49% of cases attempted laparoscopically in the final six-month interval. Patients treated laparoscopically were at reduced risk of mortality (odds ratio 0.114, 95% confidence interval 0.024 to 0.550) and experienced reduced length of intensive care stay (regression coefficient –1.571, 95% confidence interval –2.625 to –0.517) in multivariate adjusted analysis.

Conclusions

Laparoscopy is safe and feasible in a large proportion of cases. It is associated with improved outcomes versus laparotomy.
New Method for Quantitation of Lipid Droplet Volume From Light Microscopic Images With an Application to Determination of PAT Protein Density on the Droplet Surface
Authors: Dejgaard Selma Y. , Presley John F.
Published: January 2018

Determination of lipid droplet (LD) volume has depended on direct measurement of the diameter of individual LDs, which is not possible when LDs are small or closely apposed. To overcome this problem, we describe a new method in which a volume–fluorescence relationship is determined from automated analysis of calibration samples containing well-resolved LDs. This relationship is then used to estimate total cellular droplet volume in experimental samples, where the LDs need not be individually resolved, or to determine the volumes of individual LDs. We describe quantitatively the effects of various factors, including image noise, LD crowding, and variation in LD composition on the accuracy of this method. We then demonstrate this method by utilizing it to address a scientifically interesting question, to determine the density of green fluorescent protein (GFP)–tagged Perilipin-Adipocyte-Tail (PAT) proteins on the LD surface. We find that PAT proteins cover only a minority of the LD surface, consistent with models in which they primarily serve as scaffolds for binding of regulatory proteins and enzymes, but inconsistent with models in which their major function is to sterically block access to the droplet surface.
Kurdish women and war-related violence in Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Alhamid Lolav M. Hassan
Published: January 2018

This article explores the experiences of various female characters in the period immediately before and during the Persian Gulf War (1990–91), the Kurdish popular Uprising in Iraq, their subsequent mass-exodus to the Turkish and Iranian borders, and the creation of a quasi-independent Kurdish state in the north of Iraq. Studying Qasham Balata’s Runaway to Nowhere in 2010 and Sindis Niheli’s Hizar d Werçerxana da, Bergé Éké (Hizar and the Vicissitudes of Life, Part One) in 2013, the article deals with the lives and experiences of two female characters, focusing on their transformation from voiceless victims to well-informed social and political activists. By incorporating feminist themes of social inequality, domestic abuse, violence against women and women’s social and political activism into broader questions of nationalism and national struggle for liberation, the novels selected here affirm the significant and problematic interplay between feminism and nationalism in the Kurdish context.
Revolutionary critique from exile: Revitalizing the Iraqi communist movement
Authors: Ismael Tareq Y.
Published: January 2018

The dramatic period of change surrounding the late 1960s saw the emergence and development of Marxist-informed revolutionary challenges to Arab political thought as well as the region’s relationship with the global Cold War. Into such debates stepped a renewed Iraqi exile community then living in Western Europe. Initially identifying themselves as the Iraqi Revolutionary Grouping (IRG) they would challenge past Iraqi Marxist and Communist commitments, the emerging authoritarian state and global imperialism through a renewed commitment to Marxist-informed social action, support for the Palestinian cause and direct opposition to increasing U.S. intervention into Iraq and the wider Arab world. Their position shifted the Iraq communist movement discourse from its long-standing subservience to Soviet designs, broadened connections and solidarity with progressive regional actors in an effort to reach beyond the state system and privileged the Palestinian cause.
The consequence of an economic boom on the perception of democracy, government performance and public service: Iraqi Kurdistan as a case study
Authors: Bali Ahmed Omar , Abdullah Kanaan Hamagharib
Published: January 2018

The economy of Kurdistan has been semi-independent for years, while the Baghdad government had decided to devote 17 per cent of the Iraqi budget towards it. Due to this oil revenue, the budget of Iraq as a whole increased rapidly, and this was reflected in the Iraqi Kurdistan budget. However, in April 2015, the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) started to make its economy independent from Baghdad through exporting their oil directly. This study examines the implications of an economic boom on the perceptions of government performance in relation to the provision of public services, the development of democracy and government performance in general. The research adopts a survey method (n=224) with responses from adults aged 18 and over. The research findings suggest that the economic boom reflected negatively on the perceptions of the majority of citizens regarding the government’s performance. The responses indicate that this was because of the lack of public services rather than the development of democracy by the government. The small number of respondents who held a positive perception regarding the government was due to the belief that the government provided sound security rather than sound economic policy and public services with the development of democracy. The research examined the role of demographic and political background as a control variable, and the results showing that, in particular, age, gender, educational background and political affiliation were significant.
Uncanny symmetries
Authors: Ayiter Elif
Published: January 2018

This article is a result of an interest in the uncanny aspects of symmetry that manifest in artworks that have attained such a state of eeriness through electronic means. This stems from a personal image-processing experiment during which the duplicated and reversed pixels were manipulated into a mirror state that, due to its digital perfection, attained uncanniness. This visual experiment will be discussed against a framework of the connectivity of the symbols principle as it relates to visual art; Wolfgang Pauli’s interest in symmetry as a binder of quantum theory and the collective unconscious; the interplay and dependence between symmetry and asymmetry; and especially Sigmund Freud’s 1919 discourse of ‘The Uncanny’ as an answer for the eeriness of the perfect digital mirror.
Through the gates of Croatia and back: Listening walks in East Slavonia
Authors: Vejnovic Aleksandar
Published: January 2018

The article ‘Through the gates of Croatia and back: Listening walks in East Slavonia’ provides a deep connection between the artistic and technical sides of acoustic art. Through the acoustic environment of Vinkovci in Croatia, my place of birth, which I left in 1991, I discovered an inner world that has been reflected in my composition. My journey was guided by the concepts of psychogeography and listening walks. It also brought me to the understanding of the fine line between field recording (the material) and soundscape composition (the form). The term ‘soundscape’ pertains to the acoustic envelope we are living in. It implies that the sounds of rooms, places and landscapes can be considered as representative elements and signs. It is the expression of the material, cultural and social consistence of our presence. The soundscape composition deals with the perception of the acoustic environment through sound transformations. To find associations between dreams, memories and experiences is the intention of many soundscape composers. Barry Truax explained these principles very clearly by using a module that contains the psychological, social and physical levels. By listening to samples of the composition in stereo version, the audience will experience the soundscape of Vinkovci through Truax’s module. It will prove the necessity of environmental listening, in order to discover and to understand the acoustic identity defined by R. Murray Schafer and his terms like keynotes, soundsignals, soundmarks, Lo-Fi and Hi-Fi. Another purpose of the article is to discuss how the object-based system changes and opens new possibilities in acoustic composing and design. The aim is to place the sounds in the acoustic space in order to build an individual soundscape, to make the sound tangible and to make the acoustic space an immersive and deconstructive experience for the listener: an artist’s dream over centuries.
Wishful thinking
Authors: Mackenzie Louise
Published: January 2018

In my research, I have used synthetic biology techniques to understand more deeply the implications of biotechnology as a form of art practice – of thinking through making. In doing so, I have become increasingly aware that, whilst synthetic biology makes many promises for the future of humanity, it does so from within a capitalist system that does not fully account for the environmental impact of technological advances. The core of my research resides in artistic practice situated within a UK genetics laboratory, where I develop experience in molecular biology and synthetic biology in order to store a thought physically within the body of the living organism, Escherichia coli (E. coli), deliberately following scientific protocols in order to explore the affect of working with the living organism as medium. Through the creation of a cypher that maps phonemes to codons, I translated a thought (the question, ‘what will happen if I store this thought safe within you?’) into DNA and stored it within E. coli, which I have been growing in the laboratory for over a year, to observe how my intervention has impacted the organisms and affected myself as an artist using biotechnology. I have brought this research to a public audience via an evolving series of exhibitions, Pithos (Mackenzie 2016), Viral Experiments (Mackenzie 2017), Genocentric (Mackenzie 2017) and, more recently, a workshop series titled Transformation (Mackenzie 2017). In the longer term I plan to store the thought within my own cells, not those of a laboratory organism, in a project titled Wishful Thinking or Velleity with(out) Volition, as a post-anthropocentric reflection on the imposition of will inherent in humanity as a species.
Ekphrasis
Authors: Laurenzo Tomás
Published: January 2018

This article presents a mixed-media installation titled Ekphrasis, consisting of close-up videos of a heavily scarred body projected onto an elastic screen. The screen has one string attached to its centre, which in turn is attached to a stepper motor. The motor pulls the screen in a controlled random pattern, stretching it and letting go, sometimes carefully, sometimes violently. The piece explores the relationship between the digital representation of the body and its corporeity, recreating the trauma that generated the scars on the medium itself, and proposing a new layer of abstraction that sustains the reflection on the significance of the human body.
Sonic representations in hyper-spaces: A creative approach
Authors: Traperas Dimitrios , Floros Andreas , Kanellopoulos Nikolaos
Published: January 2018

Man perceives three dimensions but this does not necessarily exclude the existence of higher spatial dimensions, also known as ‘hyperspace’. Higher dimensions have been and still are the object of study and source of inspiration for many artists and scientists. Many efforts have been made to perceive hyperspace through vision. The audio ‘visualization’ of hyperspace may result in a better outcome, perhaps due to similarities between sound and hyperspatial gravitational waves, or even because the corresponding audio centres in our brain are better suited for perceiving hyperspace. Focusing on Varèse, we proceed to a concise historical retrospective of the efforts to approach fourth dimension through music. The interaction between artists and the world of science, and the intuition that forms an integral part of art, have both been a decisive source of inspiration. Furthermore, we describe the characteristics of hyperspatial sound based on scientific discoveries. Finally, we present a logical approach to the hyperspatial audio system based on these characteristics and describe an interactive installation art on acoustic hyperspace.
(Re)securitisation in Europe: the Baltic States and Russia
Authors: Fernandes Sandra , Correia Daniel
Published: January 2018

Relations between the European Union (EU) and Russia have entered a more difficult era with the 2004 enlargement and the annexation of Crimea in 2014. The three Baltic states are new EU member states that share threat perceptions vis-à-vis Moscow. The article unpacks securitisation processes in the three Republics and how they have evolved after 2004 and 2014, as compared to the previous period of independence initialled in 1991. By exploring discourses, identity formation by strategies of othering and policy changes, we argue that re-securitisation is currently undergoing after a period of softer securitisation in the aftermath of EU accession.
Alternative routes to teacher professional identity: Exploring the conflated sub-identities of Teach For America corps members
Authors: Thomas Matthew A. M. , Mockler Nicole
Published: January 2018

Research on the development of professional identity for teachers who enter the profession through alternative routes is still in its infancy. In contrast to their peers who complete traditional initial teacher education programs, these teachers are exposed to different conditions and constraints that produce a range of sub-identities previously unidentified in the literature. This paper draws on interviews with 27 teachers who entered teaching through Teach For America and wrestled with these sub-identities as they considered their emerging professional identity. We argue that these sub-identities point to structural challenges embedded within Teach for America, and we highlight the need for additional research on the growing cadre of teachers entering the teaching profession through alternative routes, and subsequently influencing policymaking processes.
La política de ingreso a la carrera docente en México: Resultados de una supuesta idoneidad
Authors: Cordero Arroyo Graciela , Jimenez Moreno Jose Alfonso
Published: January 2018

Como consecuencia de la Reforma Educativa Mexicana del año 2013, el sistema educativo permite el ingreso a la docencia en los niveles educativos de preescolar y primaria a profesionales sin formación docente, que demuestren su idoneidad mediante dos pruebas a gran escala. Este artículo describe y analiza la implementación de las pruebas utilizadas en la evaluación de ingreso al servicio profesional docente en estos niveles educativos, además, presenta evidencia empírica de los resultados del proceso de ingreso a la carrera docente como fundamento para poner en duda la supuesta idoneidad en los resultados de evaluación, tanto en el ámbito nacional como en el de una entidad federativa al noroeste del país. Describe dos referentes que se observan para definir la idoneidad del desempeño docente. El primero es un instrumento denominado Perfiles, Parámetros e Indicadores, que funge como un ideal general de lo esperado por la función docente. El segundo, son los estándares definidos en el proceso mismo de medición. La conclusión aborda la necesidad de revisar el proceso de evaluación del ingreso a la carrera docente en México, así como analizar las implicaciones para la desvalorización de la profesión docente y la anhelada calidad educativa que el ingreso de profesionales sin la formación adecuada puede traer aparejada.
Determination of the constraints of bicycle use ın urban life
Kent yaşamında bisiklet kullanım engellerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Balcı Velittin , Özbek Oğuz , Koçak Funda , Çeyiz Senem
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study is to determine the constraints of bicycle use in the cities and to propose solutions for the subject.The sample of the study was selected by using convenience sampling method. A total of 787 bicycle users (M=30.66, SD=11.18, including 172 women (M=29.08, SD=9.90) and 615 men (M=31.10, SD=11.49), who used bicycles in daily life in the city participated in the research voluntarily. The data were collected with the Bicycle Handicap Scale developed by Balcı et al. (2016). The scale consists of two parts that the personal information form and the participants' expressions about the factors preventing the use of bicycles. In the analysis of the data, t-test was used for the variables consisting of binary groups and one way ANOVA was used for the variables consisting of two groups. In the light of the collected data from the bicycle users participating in the survey; it was determined that the infrastructure deficiencies were the first among bicycle use obstacles. This is followed by lack of laws and regulations, physical and economic inadequacies, socio-cultural structure and individual deficiencies respectively. When participants rated the total score they received from the scale, it has been determined that cyclists have met with moderate contraints.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı kentlerde bisiklet kullanımının önündeki engellerin belirlenmesi ve konu ile ilgili çözüm önerileri sunmaktır. Araştırmanın örneklemini kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak seçilmiştir. Kentlerde gündelik yaşamında bisiklet kullanan 172 kadın (Ort=29.08.±9.90), 615 erkek (Ort=31.10±11.49) olmak üzere toplam 787 bisiklet kullanıcısı (Ort=30.66±11.18) araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler; Balcı ve arkadaşları (2016) tarafından geliştirilen Bisiklet Engelleri Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Ölçek, kişisel bilgi formu ve katılımcıların bisiklet kullanımını engelleyen etmenlere yönelik ifadeler olmak üzere iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde, ikili gruptan oluşan değişkenler için t-testi, ikiden fazla gruptan oluşan değişkenler için ise tek yönlü varyans analizi (One Way Anova) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan bisiklet kullanıcılarından toplanan veriler ışığında; bisiklet kullanım engelleri arasında ilk sırada alt yapı eksiklikleri olduğu saptanmıştır. Bunu sırasıyla yasa ve mevzuattaki eksiklikler, fiziksel ve ekonomik yetersizlikler, sosyo-kültürel yapı ve bireysel eksikliklerin izlediği tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların ölçek sorularına verdikleri yanıtlar genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde ise; bisiklet kullanıcılarının orta düzeyde bir engelle karşılaştıkları belirlenmiştir.
Kemampuan Mikrob Endofit dan Rizosfer Tanaman Karet dalam Mengendalikan Rigidoporus lignosus
Authors: Hardiyanti Siti , Soekarno Bonny Poernomo Wahyu , Yuliani Titiek Siti
Published: January 2018

Rigidoporus lignosus is the most important pathogen of rubber tree which causes white root rot disease. The use of antagonistic microbe is recommended to control this pathogen. This research was conducted to isolate endophytic and rhizospheric microbes, and to study their ability to inhibit growth of R. lignosus. Research consisted of isolation of endophytic and rhizospheric microbes, pathogenicity test, in vitro and in vivo assays, growth promotion assays, and identification. There were 99 isolates of bacteria and 18 isolates of fungi isolated from the root and rhizosphere of rubber trees. In vitro and in vivo assay showed that 2 bacterial isolates, i.e.  endophytic bacteria ME8, and rhizospheric bacteria MR3; and 3 fungal isolates, i.e. endophytic fungi CB8, CB6, and CL3 were able to inhibit the growth of R. lignosus.  Endophytic bacteria ME8 showed the ability of solibilizing phosphate and fixing nitrogen. Rhizospheric bacteria MR3 showed the ability of solubilizing phosphate. The isolates CB6 and CL3 were very similar with Chaetomium sp. and Penicillium sp., respectively based on morphological characters; while CB8 was identified as mycelial sterile.  Based on 16S rRNA sequences, endophytic bacterium ME8 and rhizospheric bacteria ME3 were identified as Bacillus siamensis B268 and B. amylolyquefaciens BCRh10, respectively. Endophytic and rhizospheric microbes isolated from rubber trees has the potency as biocontrol agents of R. lignosus.
Identifikasi Colletotrichum spp. Asal Tanaman Pepaya
Authors: Rangkuti Eryna Elfasari , Wiyono Suryo , Widodo Widodo
Published: January 2018

Colletotrichum spp. is known as the causal agent of anthracnose and considered as an important limiting factors on papaya production. The objective of this study was to determine the species of Colletotrichum spp. from various plant parts of papaya (Carica papaya) showing anthracnose symptom. Twenty isolates of Colletotrichum spp. was isolated and were grouped into 3 morphological groups based on colony similarity, conidial morphology, and setae formation. A total of 12 isolates of group I and 3 isolates of group II were identified morphologically as C. gloeosporioides sensu lato based on cylindrical conidia with rounded on both ends and colony morphology.  Meanwhile, 1 isolate of group II was molecularly identified as C. magnum. Four isolates of group III with a curved and pointed-end conidia, and produced setae on artificial medium were identified molecularly as C. truncatum. C. gloeosporioides was obtained on stem, leaf petiole, and fruit. C. magnum and C. truncatum were only obtained on leaf petiole and fruit, respectively.  In addition to morphological and molecular characters, differences in colony growth responses to temperature can be used to distinguish the species of Colletotrichum. To our knowledge the existence of anthracnose symptom on the stems and leaf petioles of papaya in the fields and the discovery of C. magnum and C. truncatum isolated from papaya was the first report in Indonesia.
Penyakit Layu Bakteri Stewart pada Jagung di Bali
Authors: Temaja I Gede Rai Maya , Wirya G.N. Alit Susanta , Puspawati Ni Made , Syahdu Khairun Nisak
Published: January 2018

Stewart’s wilt is a serious disease of sweet corn (Zea mays). The typical symptoms of the disease are pale-green to yellow linear streaks parallel to the veins. The symptoms were observed on sweet corn in Denpasar, Tabanan, Gianyar, and Karangasem areas during a survey in 2015. Pathogen detection based on a polymerase chain reaction was carried out using total DNA obtained from symptomatic leaf samples and the pairs of primers, CPSL1/CPSR2c. The expected sized (~1100 bp) amplicon was detected in samples from Denpasar. Sequence analysis confirmed that Stewart’s wilt disease symptoms are caused by Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. Nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that P. stewartii subsp. stewartii from Bali has high homology (98.97-99.08 %) and placed in the same clade with isolates from Canada, USA and Japan. This is the first report of P. stewarti subsp. stewartii on corn in Bali.
Conflict and Competition over Multi-Issues
Authors: Osório António
Published: January 2018

Real life disputes, negotiations and competitive situations involve multi-issue considerations in which the final outcome depends on the aggregated effort over several dimensions. We consider two allocation systems, the I-system, in which each issue is disputed and award independently, and the A-system, in which all issues are aggregate in a single prize award. In the A-system, we propose a contest success function that aggregates the individuals’ multi-issue efforts in a single outcome. Among other results, we found that the A-system tends to induce higher total effort than the I-system. The model is also able to reproduce a large set of strategic behaviors. For instance, under decreasing returns to effort, individuals maximize their payoffs by distributing effort over all issues, while under increasing returns to effort, individuals focus on a single issue. Hybrid equilibria, in which one individual focus in a single issue while the other individual diversifies effort over all issues, may also emerge when individuals hold different returns to effort. Strategic behavior is simultaneously influenced by the weight of each issue on the final outcome and by comparative advantages. Throughout the manuscript, we link our results with strategic behavior observed in electoral competition, i.e., “issue ownership”,“issue divergence/convergence”and“common value issues”. We expect that our findings will help researchers and practitioners to better understand the process of endogenous selection of issues in competitive contexts and to provide guidance in the implementation of the optimal allocation mechanism.
Forecast Dispersion in Finite-Player Forecasting Games
Authors: Kim Jin Yeub , Shim Myungkyu
Published: January 2018

We study forecast dispersion in a finite-player forecasting game modeled as an aggregate game with payoff externalities and dispersed information. In the game, each agent cares about being accurate as well as about the distance of his forecast from the average forecast; and with a finite number of agents, the agents can strategically influence that average. We show that the finiteness of the number of agents weakens the strategic effect induced by the underlying preference. We find that when each agent prefers to be close to the average forecast, the presence of strategic manipulation of the average forecast contributes to a higher forecast dispersion; when instead each agent wants to be distinctive from the average, the opposite is true.
Relative Pavement Performance for Dual and Wide-Based Tire Assemblies Using a Finite Element Method
Authors: Casey D. B. , Airey G. D. , Grenfell J. R.
Published: January 2018

There is a need to assess the realistic tire contact pressure created by a tire in contact with a pavement. The contact pressure is a function of tire type, axle loading, and tire inflation pressure (TiP). The research carried out considered dual tire and wide-based tire assemblies across a range of axle loading and TiP. These contact pressures were incorporated into a finite element package (CAPA-3D) and modelled on a simple pavement structure. The strains from this modelling were sorted to produce key strains associated with the mechanisms of surface distress, near surface distress, deep asphalt distress, and the subgrade. The main distress mechanisms were top down cracking, asphalt cracking/rutting, bottom-up fatigue cracking, and subgrade rutting. This gave a method to fairly compare the dual and wide-based tire assemblies with the same axle loading and TiP. The analysis gave interesting results for the different distress mechanisms of the pavement. The wide-based tire gives consistently higher shear strains for all the areas of distress investigated. There is great variation in surface and near surface shear strains due to the different combinations of axle loading and TiP. It is clear that the wide-based tire is a more damaging tire for all combinations of TiP and axle loading. It is also apparent that how these factors interact has a great influence on the damaging potential of a tire.
Specific Relationship between the Shape of the Readiness Potential, Subjective Decision Time, and Waiting Time Predicted by an Accumulator Model with Temporally Autocorrelated Input Noise
Authors: Schurger Aaron
Published: January 2018

Self-initiated movements are reliably preceded by a gradual buildup of neuronal activity known as the readiness potential (RP). Recent evidence suggests that the RP may reflect subthreshold stochastic fluctuations in neural activity that can be modeled as a process of accumulation to bound. One element of accumulator models that has been largely overlooked in the literature is the stochastic term, which is traditionally modeled as Gaussian white noise. While there may be practical reasons for this choice, we have long known that noise in neural systems is not white – it is long-term correlated with spectral density of the form 1/fβ(with roughly 1 < β < 3) across a broad range of spatial scales. I explored the behavior of a leaky stochastic accumulator when the noise over which it accumulates is temporally autocorrelated. I also allowed for the possibility that the RP, as measured at the scalp, might reflect the input to the accumulator (i.e., its stochastic noise component) rather than its output. These two premises led to two novel predictions that I empirically confirmed on behavioral and electroencephalography data from human subjects performing a self-initiated movement task. In addition to generating these two predictions, the model also suggested biologically plausible levels of autocorrelation, consistent with the degree of autocorrelation in our empirical data and in prior reports. These results expose new perspectives for accumulator models by suggesting that the spectral properties of the stochastic input should be allowed to vary, consistent with the nature of biological neural noise.