bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Das IB-Weblog und warum wir es vermissen.
Authors: Kaden Ben
Published: February 2024

Eine Notiz von Ben Kaden (@bkaden)  Update:   Eine Nachfrage im Institut ergab, dass das Weblog nicht mehr gepflegt wird, offenbar auch offline bleibt, die Daten aber noch auf einem Server aufliegen, der momentan gewartet wird. Sie können also prinzipiell noch gerettet werden.  I In den frühen 2000 Jahren und Richtung des 200.
Eine wichtige Geschichte zu jahrhunderte-alten Manuskripten in Afrika, leider nicht angemessen erzählt
Authors: Schuldt Karsten
Published: February 2024

Karsten Schuldt Zu: Joshua Hammer (2016).  The Bad-Ass Librarians of Timbuktu: and their race to save the world’s most precious manuscripts  . New York, London, Toronto, Syndey, New Delhi: Simon & Schuster 2016   Der Titel „  The Bad-Ass Librarians of Timbuktu  “ empfiehlt dieses Buch einer Besprechung hier im Blog.
CfP LIBREAS. Library Ideas #33: Ortstermin. Reportagen aus der tatsächlichen Bibliotheksarbeit
Authors: Schuldt Karsten
Published: February 2024

Die bibliothekarische Literatur hat einen erstaunlichen Bias: Der Alltag, also das, was in Bibliotheken Tag für Tag, Woche für Woche gemacht wird, kommt in ihr kaum vor. Neue Projekte, innovative Veranstaltungen, erstaunliche Bauten finden immer wieder Platz in den bibliothekarischen Zeitschriften, Überlegungen zur Zukunft der Bibliotheken und Medien erst Recht;
Die Entdeckung des “Faselns”. Der Stroemfeld-Verlag sieht sich über dem Diskurs.
Authors: Kaden Ben
Published: February 2024

Ein Stimmungsbild von Ben Kaden (@bkaden) Mitunter nimmt Diskurs auf Twitter wundersame Wendungen. Nachdem es vor zwei Wochen im Anschluss an die #Siggenthesen viel zu diskutieren und klarzustellen gab angesichts des Vorwurfs, diese würden einzig altbekannte und selbstverständliche Banalitäten zu Open Access und der Entwicklung des digitalen Publizierens neu aufgegossen anbieten (vgl.
CfP LIBREAS. Library Ideas #35: Neutralität. Bibliotheken zwischen Pluralität und Propaganda
Authors: Kaden Ben
Published: February 2024

Bibliotheken als öffentliche Einrichtungen sehen sich aktuell verstärkt in einer besonders widersprüchlichen Lage: Es scheinen sich einerseits ein “Neutralitätsgebot” und eine Verpflichtung zur “Informationsfreiheit” gegenüberzustehen mit einem bewusst eingeforderten Bekenntnis zu einer aktiv pluralistisch-demokratischen Rolle, die sich auch offen gegen alle Tendenzen aufstellt, die diese Grundausrichtung des politischen Systems der
Publikationsfreiheit.de, Open Access und Geisteswissenschaften.
Authors: Kaden Ben
Published: February 2024

Eine Notiz von Ben Kaden (@bkaden) I Der Aufruf „Publikationsfreiheit für eine starke Bildungsrepublik“ (www.publikationsfreiheit.de) war unbestreitbar eine prägendes Ereignis der Debatten und Kontroversen vor allem aber nicht nur um das Urheberrechts-Wissensgesellschafts-Gesetz (UrhWissG). Er verfehlte allerdings, wie wir nun wissen, sein unmittelbares Ziel.
Visionen gestalten: die Open-Access-Tage 2023 in Berlin. Ein Bericht.
Authors:   Team OA Brandenburg
Published: February 2024

Überaus passend war Berlin 2023 Gastgeberin der Open-Access-Tage, der Leitkonferenz zum Thema Open Access im deutschsprachigen Raum, denn wir feiern dieses Jahr auch den 20. Jahrestag des Leitdokuments der Open-Access-Bewegung, der sogenannten Berliner Erklärung.
Neu und Open Access. Constanze Letsch: Territorial Stigmatisation (Bielefeld: Transcript 2023)
Authors: Eppelin Anita
Published: February 2024

Im Mai 2023 erschien die Open-Access-Monografie „Territorial Stigmatisation Urban Renewal and Displacement in a Central Istanbul Neighbourhood“ von Constanze Letsch.
Exploring attitudes towards digital advertisements on social networks: The case study of the Nišava and Pčinja districts
Authors: Stojanović Miloš , Božić Miljković Ivana , Mitić Pavle , Veličković Anja
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to analyze the importance of paid advertising on social networks in the territory of Nišava and Pčinja districts. For this reason, a survey was conducted, which included 294 respondents. Data were processed in the SPPS software package, using tests of independence, contingency, one-factor analysis of variance, and post-hoc tests. The results showed that the majority of respondents from the south of Serbia ignore paid ads on social networks. Also, the study led us to the conclusion that paid advertising affects men and women equally, but also that it has the greatest impact on the population over 50 years old, while it has the least impact on respondents up to 30 years old, as well as that there is a strong connection between the level of education and clicks on paid ads. The results showed that respondents who do not open ads do not do so because they do not notice them, but also that highly educated people open ads for informative reasons and to get to know the advertised business.
The analysis of use of information and communication technologies in higher education institutions in the function of the students’ scientific field
Authors: Milićević Violeta , Milićević Zoran , Marković Filip
Published: February 2024

Modern ICTs are increasingly used in educational institutions whose main role is to facilitate and improve the teaching process. In order for the educational system to be successful, it must follow modern trends in the application of these technologies. The degree of application of these technologies in education is influenced by numerous factors, which is why their application differs from country to country, as well as between different educational institutions within a country. For this reason, thirteen higher education institutions that carry out their educational activity in the northern part of AP Kosovo and Metohija were selected for the subject of this research. Considering that the application of these technologies is influenced by numerous factors, the aim of this paper is to analyze the attitude of students from different scientific fields according to the degree of application of ICT in their higher education institutions. The results of the research were obtained by collecting data through student surveys, as well as their statistical processing using the appropriate statistical program.
Fruit export through the prism of the high-value market and GLOBALG.A.P. certification: an analysis from Serbia
Authors: Grujić Vučkovski Biljana , Babić Violeta , Paraušić Vesna
Published: February 2024

The aim of the paper is to test the statistical significance of the impact of GLOBALG.A.P. certification in plant production, as well as the impact of the value of fruit production in Serbia on Serbian fruit exports to high-value markets in the period 2010-2021. For this analysis, a multiple linear regression model is used. It finds that the growth in the number of GLOBALG.A.P.-certified producers does not affect the value of fruit exports to high-value markets (p=0.817), nor does the increase in certified area (p=0.446). At the same time, the value of fruit production affects the export value of this sector to high-value markets (p=0.000). The β coefficients in this paper are tested using the t-test, and the regression model using the F-test.
ICT services as a factor in financing the current account deficit of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Čakajac Božidar , Janković Nenad , Luković Stevan
Published: February 2024

The continuous current account deficit represents one of the most significant limitations of the economic development of the Republic of Serbia. The presence of a long-term current account deficit imposes the obligation to find the sources of its financing. During the last decade, the secondary income account played an important role in financing the current account deficit, primarily due to a stable inflow of remittances from abroad. Since 2011, the services trade surplus has been also contributing to offsetting the balance of payments deficit to an increasing extent mainly owing to the rising export of ICT services. Therefore, the goal of the paper is to identify the importance of ICT services in achieving the service trade surplus and, thereby, also in financing the current account deficit.
Examination of factors that contribute to (non) vaccination of adolescents
Authors: Jerković Lidija
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research was to examine a group of psycho-social predictors that best distinguish vaccinated from non-vaccinated adolescents. In selecting the predictors that were examined, we relied on the results of earlier research as well as on the assumptions of the Health belief theory and the Reasoned action approach about which factors determine a person's decision to vaccinate or not. The rationale for organizing the research is the recorded trend of greater reluctance to receive the vaccine, which has become particularly pronounced in the circumstances of the coronavirus pandemic. We conducted the research on adolescents for the reason that the hesitancy towards the vaccine is most pronounced among them and at the same time the least amount of research has been conducted on them. In order to answer the research question, a cross-sectional survey was organized in which 833 respondents initially participated, so that after sorting the matrix, the sample consisted of 607 respondents (59.2% girls) aged 14 to 28 years (AS=19.00; SD=2.98). Data were collected on respondents' intention to get vaccinated, on their attitudes about the vaccine, on social norms, perceived control, on the level of knowledge about vaccines, conspiratorial beliefs, on trust in science, government and the health system, on fear of the consequences of the vaccine, on the perception of susceptibility to getting sick and the vaccination status of family members and friends. Discriminant analysis was carried out on the data and one significant function was singled out. The results reveal that over two-thirds of the surveyed adolescents have not received a single dose of the vaccine, that on average they have more negative than positive attitudes, that they have very modest knowledge about vaccines, that they significantly believe in conspiracy theories, and that they have low trust in science, government and healthcare system. The variables that best discriminate vaccinated from non-vaccinated adolescents are intention to vaccinate, positive attitudes, subjective norm, as well as knowledge and trust in science. The results favor the Reasoned action approach constructs over the Health belief theory. Overall, the results have practical implications and can serve as a basis for creating promotional campaigns and work programs with adolescents.
Experiences of cultural heritage digitalization in different institutions: City Library in Sombor, Church Library in Apatin and Sombor Singing Society
Authors: Milanović-Simičić Vesna
Published: February 2024

The goal of this work is to show the scope, possibilities and limitations of digitalization of cultural heritage in libraries, institutions or associations, which possess library-information material of homeland and significant interest for citizens and the history of the place where they are located. The research was carried out in the Sombor City Library "Karlo Bijelicki", the ChurchNative Library of the Danubian Germans in Apatin and the Sombor Singing Society. The perceived problem is how to preserve old and rare books, periodicals, records or documents in smaller communities through continuous digitization and what kind of support is necessary for that. The result of the conducted research refers to different institutions in a similar problem connected by a variety of native materials and the same goal, which is to reach as many users and funds as possible in order to start the digitization process, preserve the rich heritage and give it to the reading public in digital form. The conclusion is that it is necessary to: continuously provide funding for digitalization in all cultural institutions that have cultural and native structures, allow better compensation for employees and enable the visibility of those associations or organizations that can apply equally for digitization projects regardless of how they are administratively registered in the system. The described problems are the result of the analysis of transcripts of unstructured interviews with respondents from the mentioned institutions.
Media and communication: Dialogue in the era of globalization
Authors: Ćuković Aleksandar
Published: February 2024

This paper briefly outlines the problem of the crisis of true dialogue and communication in the era of globalization, which is conditioned by lightning-fast technical-technological progress, and thus the dromological experience of reality. In the shortest terms, it indicates the neuralgic points and causes of the crisis itself and indicates its possible development in the near future. The interpretation of the term of communication by Karl Jaspers was taken as the theoretical basis of the work.
Gender-sensitive language in textbooks: Examples of good practice
Authors: Stevanović Marjana
Published: February 2024

Since the first national strategy (2009) aimed at eliminating discrimination against women in all areas in the domain of public institutions, including education, publishing houses which publish school textbooks have started to implement gendersensitive language into their materials. Today, more than ten years later, gender-sensitive language practice has already been introduced into many textbooks for elementary and secondary schools. However, it still has not been approved by the Board for Standardization of the Serbian Language. This paper presents examples of the use of gender-sensitive language collected from 13 elementary school textbooks published in the period 2019-2022 and appproved by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development. Based on those examples, which largely implemented the first proposals for the use of gender-sensitive language formulated by Svenka Savić (Savić et al, 2010), it is possible to create new recommendations for a more consistent use of language that would correspond to the requirements of legal regulations in the field of gender equality as well as to the language norm.
Our Shakespeariad: Romeo and Juliet in the context of project-based learning
Authors: Živković Milica , Parezanović Tijana , Panajotović Artea
Published: February 2024

The project Our Shakespeariad, carried out in the Fourteenth Belgrade Grammar School in April 2023, required a high degree of engagement of students, who proved to be ready to take on the role of researchers, but also to put themselves in various other roles that the different phases of the project required. All the tasks that involved group work could not have been successfully completed without the joint participation and collaborative approach of all students. The successful completion of research tasks resulted in the following general outcomes: 1) Students demonstrated and improved their knowledge of Shakespeare's life and work; 2) Students demonstrated a well-argued and in-depth understanding of key themes and motifs in Shakespeare's works; 3) Through changing the genre of Romeo and Juliet, researching its themes in the context of the 21st century, writing letters and making podcasts, students examined Shakespeare's impact on contemporary culture and his importance in the modern world; 4) Students developed analytical skills through creative tasks; 5) Students deepened their understanding of stage art and theater production through discussion theater and puppet theatre. All project activities resulted in visible products, such as musical compositions, performances, etc., which testify to the overall success of the project. Based on all of the above, Our Shakespeariad can serve as an example, model or inspiration for future similar projects, which can be implemented in Serbian language and literature as well as foreign languages courses, with appropriate adjustments to the students' age and level of knowledge.
Invitation to treat from the perspective of comparative and Serbian law
Authors: Džipković Ksenija
Published: February 2024

The author begins with an analysis of an invitation to treat, its characteristics and legal consequences. Its peculiarities are also highlighted through comparison with other contractual initiatives - an offer, an invitation to negotiations, a unilateral promise, and a public promise of reward. The central part of the work is devoted to the analysis of cases that are qualified as the invitation to treat in Serbian, French, Swiss, German, and English law. These are advertisements, dis play of goods with or without a marked price, auctions, and tenders. The legal nature of online advertisements and online auctions is presented as well. The author explains the reasons for specific comparative law solutions and draws conclusions that justify the qualification of contractual initiatives as invitations to treat or she criticizes the solutions presented. Also, attention is devoted to the analysis of Serbian positive law since its provisions are compared with the solutions of other legal systems. Furthermore, some of those provisions served as a model for Serbian legislator.
The "due diligence" standard in labour law
Authors: Jašarević Senad , Božičić Darko
Published: February 2024

One of the positive innovations in the field of labour law is the introduction of the "due diligence" standard. Altough this principle has long been known and applied in other areas of law, it is new in labour law. The global application of due diligence standard, found in UN, ILO, OECD documents, and soon in the EU directive, as well as in many national laws, should lead to better and more comprehensive protection of the human rights of employees, as well as of all other persons regarding that work. This paper discusses more about the meaning, development and application of due diligence standards in the context of employee rights.
Mediafare. Sobre el campo mediático y político: un análisis sobre el ecosistema de medios de comunicación
Authors: Güemes Gómez Guillermo
Published: January 2024

El campo mediático, según la teoría de campos de Pierre Bourdieu, ha invertido la lógica periodística dando paso a la lógica comercial, que prioriza las audiencias por encima de los valores periodísticos, siendo el «caballo de Troya» del campo de los medios de comunicación. En este sentido, el campo mediático actúa como campo de poder en el campo político, ya que el capital mediático se ha convertido en el elemento fundamental para conseguir legitimidad. En un contexto cada vez más polarizado el campo mediático genera sus propios mecanismos punitivos para perseguir y castigar a quien considera un adversario; este concepto recibe el nombre de mediafare. La guerra mediática puede ser entendida como una fabricación de marcos maestros que tratan de incrustar una parte de la realidad en la percepción mental de los espectadores, oyentes o lectores.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Terpadu Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sasmita Lita , Mahdin Mahdin
Published: February 2024

Salah satu unsur eksternal yang dapat mempengaruhi keberhasilan proses pembelajaran adalah penggunaan bahan ajar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan Bahan Ajar Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Terpadu Kelas  V Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Research and Development (R&D). Model yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan Rowntree dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa angket. Data hasil penelitian dianalisa dengan menggunakan rumus persentase. Dari hasil uji coba, ahli media, memberikan nilai 83,42% dengan kriteria “baik”, ahli desain menilai produk yang dibuat dengan persentase 81,76% dengan kriteria “baik”, dan ahli materi menilai produk yang dibuat dengan persentase 86,78% dengan kriteria “baik”. Berdasarkan pada hasil validasi dari ahli media, ahli desain, dan ahli materi menunjukkan bahwa produk layak untuk diuji cobakan. Pada evaluasi produk skala perorangan dengan responden 3 orang siswa diperoleh rata-rata presentase 87,69% dengan kriteria “baik sekali”. Kemudian dilakukan evaluasi skala kecil dengan responden 6 orang siswa diperoleh rata-rata persentase 87,23% dengan kriteria “baik sekali”. Selanjutnya dilakukan evaluasi produk skala besar dengan responden 25 orang siswa diperoleh rata-rata persentase 80,9% dengan kriteria “baik sekali”.
Boosting English-Amharic machine translation using corpus augmentation and Transformer
Authors: Biadgligne Yohannes , Smaili Kamel
Published: February 2024

The Transformer-based neural machine translation (NMT) model has been very successful in recent years and has become a new mainstream method. However, using them in lowresourced languages requires large amounts of data and efficient model configuration (hyperparameter tuning) mechanisms. The scarcity of parallel texts is a bottleneck for high quality (N) MTs, especially for under resourced languages like Amharic. As a result, this paper presents an attempt to improve English-Amharic MT by introducing three different vanilla Transformer architectures, with different hyper-parameter values. To obtain additional training material, offline token level corpus augmentation was applied to the previously collected English-Amharic parallel corpus. Compared to previous work on Amharic MT, the best of the three Transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art BLEU scores. In fact, we were able to achieve this result by employing corpus augmentation techniques and hyper-parameter tuning.
Biopolymer Packaging Materials in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Popović Kosana , Živanović Slađana , Jevtić Ivana
Published: February 2024

Biopolymer packaging materials are gaining prominence in the pharmaceutical industry due to environmental concerns. Derived from renewable sources, these biopolymers offer biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, making them ideal for various pharmaceutical applications. In drug delivery, biopolymers play a crucial role in controlled release formulations, especially for personalized medicines and biopharmaceutical products. Hydrogels, three-dimensional polymer networks, are key in mimicking living tissues and facilitating stimuli-responsive drug release with minimal toxic effects. The formulation strategies involve diffusion-controlled, degradation-controlled, or environmentally triggered release. Biodegradable systems, using polymers like poly(lactic acid) and poly(glycolic acid), contribute to sustainable drug delivery by undergoing controlled degradation. Osmotic delivery systems leverage osmotic pressure for controlled drug release, while stimuli-responsive designs respond to environmental changes. Biopolymer integration in pharmaceutical packaging aligns with eco-friendly practices, addressing challenges posed by traditional petroleum-based materials. This shift signifies a sustainable and innovative approach to pharmaceutical packaging in harmony with environmental preservation.
Towards Integration of Religious Values and Transformational Leadership to Improve Cooperatives Performance
Authors: Widarno Bambang , Fachrunnisa Olivia , Adiatma Ardian
Published: February 2024

This study aims to explore a new empirical model of Mas'uliyah Transformational Leadership (MTL) formed through organizational learning (OL) and Islamic change motivation (ICM) to increase member participation and organizational performance. MTL is a new concept that is an integration between transformational leadership and religious values. Data were collected from 223 cooperative management respondents in Central Java, Indonesia, using a questionnaire. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out using the SEM method. The results of the research show that the new MTL concept developed in this study can be leveraged from the Islamicchange motivation possessed by the leaders. Furthermore, leaders with the MTL style can increase the participation of cooperative members, and ultimately improve overall performance.
Errores de traducción entre lenguajes de programación secuenciales en actividades con Cubetto
Authors: Berciano Alcaraz Ainhoa , Cuida Gómez Astrid , Novo Martín María Luisa
Published: January 2024

Computational thinking, understood as the human ability to solve problems in different fields using computer science tools, is one of the skills that should be developed from an early age. Among the different educational approaches to tackle this task, educational robots stand out as a valuable tool in the classroom. Thus, in this article we aim to analyse what types of errors, difficulties and frequencies of such errors are made by teachers in training in Infant and Primary Education when faced with the resolution of translation tasks between the programming language based on the use of the Cubetto robot and verbal language. For this purpose, the methodology used was mixed, with a sample of 32 participants. The results show that a significant percentage of trainee teachers have difficulties associated with understanding the programming language of the Cubetto robot, despite not being aware of these difficulties; where part of these difficulties are due to the uniqueness of the robot's programming table, which can lead to errors of didactic transposition to the basic education classroom.

El pensamiento computacional, entendido este como la capacidad humana de resolver problemas de distintos ámbitos valiéndose de herramientas de la ciencia de la computación, es una de las habilidades que deben desarrollarse desde edades tempranas. Dentro de los distintos planteamientos educativos para abordar esta tarea, destacan los robots educativos, los cuales son una herramienta valiosa en el aula. Así, en este artículo pretendemos analizar qué tipos de errores, dificultades y frecuencias en dichos errores cometen las maestras y los maestros en formación de Educación Infantil y Primaria cuando se les enfrenta a la resolución de tareas de traducción entre el lenguaje de programación basadas en el uso del robot Cubetto y el lenguaje verbal. Para tal fin, la metodología empleada ha sido de corte mixto, con una muestra de 32 participantes. Los resultados muestran que un porcentaje notable de las maestras y maestros en formación tiene dificultades asociadas a la comprensión del lenguaje de programación del robot Cubetto, a pesar de no ser consciente de dichas dificultades; donde parte de estas se debe a la singularidad de la tabla de programación del robot, lo que puede llevar a errores de transposición didáctica al aula de educación básica.
Niat Pelaku Intrapreneurship dan Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Keuangan UMKM di Kota Denpasar
Authors: I Gede Agus Mas Pragiva Muscaya  , Ni Luh Kardini  , Komang Asri Pratiwi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of intrapreneurship and organization on the financial performance of MSMEs (Micro, Small And Medium) in Denpasar City. This study uses a qualitative method. The MSME population in Denpasar City reached 32,476 MSMEs and the sample used was 100 MSMEs in Denpasar city. This study uses data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires. Validity and reliability tests were carried out on respondents who owned MSMEs in Denpasar City. The results of the t test can be obtained t-count of the Intrapreneurship variable of 1.231 with a significance value of 0.221. This significance value is greater than the significance limit value, which is equal to 0.05. Means that Intrapreneurship has a positive and insignificant effect on Financial Performance. The results of the t test can be obtained by the t-count value of the Organizational variable of 5.052 with a significance value of 0.000. This significance value is smaller than the significance limit value, which is equal to 0.05. Means the organization has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Based on the results of the F test, the F value is 20.324 with a significance level of 0.000, so simultaneously the Intrapreneurship and Organization variables have a significant effect on the Financial Performance variable. As well as from the test results of the coefficient of determination, the R Square value shows a value of 0.295 or 29.5% indicating that the ability of the independent variable to explain the effect on the dependent variable and the remaining 70.5% can be explained by other variables outside of the research variable.
Adherence to guidelines prior to endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma
Authors: Nøhr Lotte Buskbjerg , Ovesen Therese , Zainali-Gill Kasra
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION. Optimal care for patients with simultaneous chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and asthma is often complicated due to interaction between these conditions. This study depicts the lack of attention to asthma within the otorhinolaryngological field, and the relationship between CRS and asthma, including the risk of revision surgery in such patients. METHODS. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) because of CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps in a five-year period. Patients were examined for adherence to guidelines, asthma, revision FESS, allergies and septo-/turbinoplasty. Results were compared to international reports. RESULTS. A total of 589 patients had FESS because of CRS of whom 203 (34.5%) had co-existing asthma. A higher risk of asthma (relative risk (RR) = 1.82 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29-2.56), p < 0.001) and revision FESS (RR = 2.20 (95% CI: 1.33-3.65), p < 0.001) was found in patients with CRSwNP. Attention to asthma was poor in patients with no asthma diagnosis before referral. CONCLUSIONS. Asthma was lower in the study population than in the literature. Danish national guidelines on CRS management are insufficient regarding attention to asthma. Results call attention to the need for more multidisciplinary team management. FUNDING. None. TRIAL REGISTRATION. Not relevant.
La educación en el Ecuador en el período 1944-1983
Authors: Ossenbach Gabriela
Published: February 2024

Este ensayo pretende caracterizar un período crucial en el desarrollo reciente de la educación en el Ecuador, señalando algunos problemas básicos y proponiendo algunas hipótesis para su estudio. Aunque se aportan algunos datos esenciales sobre la evolución de la educación durante cuatro décadas, el estudio no es exhaustivo en cuanto a la descripción pormenorizada de la política educativa del período. Nos interesa más bien adelantar algunas pautas de interpretación para la política educativa de una época en que se producen importantes tensiones entre la política llevada a cabo por José María Velasco Ibarra, quien gobierna el país en cuatro ocasiones durante ese lapso de tiempo, y las presiones internacionales en favor de una política desarrollista y planificadora, que afectó a toda América Latina en todos los ámbitos, además del educativo.
Politics and Education in Argentina, 1946-1962. MÓNICA ESTI REIN: Armonk, NY & London: M.E. Sharpe, 1998.
Authors: Newton Ron
Published: February 2024

The subject of Mónica Rein's Politics and Education in Argentina, 1946-1962 is precisely what its title indicates: Peronism and the manifold impacts of Peronism on the education system, top to bottom; and the politics of de-Peronization, from 1955 to 1962, and the many consequences of that enterprise for the educational system. Her area of concern is the operational and institutional moves of the successive regimes (Perón, the Revolución Libertadora,$$ Frondizi); she does not, she says (p. 204), address the question of how, or whether, the Peronist world-view was received and absorbed by the young until 1955, or how or whether Perón was expunged from the hearts of the Argentines afterwards. Those are even more difficult questions, ones which will in the end demand an informed speculation --but Mónica Rein has provided the indispensable information and heuristic framework without which such speculation would simply be empty vaporing.
The Redemptive Work: Railway and Nation in Ecuador, 1895-1930. A. KIM CLARK: Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 1998.
Authors: Rosenthal Anton
Published: February 2024

The Guayaquil and Quito Railroad is one of the most unusual industrial creations in the history of Latin America. Built relatively late, it connected Ecuador's chief port with its capital city in 1908, some 70 years after the region's first railroad was inaugurated in Cuba. Built by an American company, the G & Q was an incredibly difficult railroad to construct, crossing a multitude of rivers, tropical zones and the constantly shifting Andes. It was an expensive project, both in terms of capital and lives lost in the construction and maintenance of the enterprise. Unlike many of the railroads of the region, the Guayaquil and Quito Railroad was not built primarily for the extraction of exports. It was, as Kim Clark demonstrates, part of a larger 19th century liberal project of modernization and national integration that also featured centralized state control of education, expanded markets for goods and labor, and "moral reform" through new forms of work.
A New View Of Financial Flows From Labor Migration: A Social Accounting Matrix Perspective
Authors: Zárate-Hoyos Germán A.
Published: February 2024

Most of the recent academic interest in international migration by economists was created by the increasing labor flows of the 1970s and 1980s, and most research has been concerned primarily with the effects on receiving countries. But emigration and the financial flows associated with it can also have severe economic and social implications for the sending countries (Asch and Reichmann:1994). Russell and Teitelbaum (1992) estimate official global flows from labor receiving countries to labor sending countries to be US$ 71.1 billion in 1990, while the UN Population Fund (1996) estimates that there are 125 million people who are living in a country different from the one they were born in.
Strategy, Security, and Spies. Mexico and the U.S. as Allies in World War II. MARÍA EMILIA PAZ: Pennsylvania: University Press, 1997.
Authors: Casanova Marina
Published: February 2024

El libro de María Emilia Paz, Estrategia, seguridad y espías, es una interesante contribución al conocimiento de la historia de México durante la II Guerra Mundial, tanto en el aspecto de sus relaciones militares y diplomáticas con los Estados Unidos como en el ámbito más específico de las actividades de los servicios de información.El libro se estructura en dos grandes apartados bien definidos, aunque al mismo tiempo muy relacionados entre sí. El primero aborda la política realizada por los EE.UU. para la defensa del Hemisferio Occidental, analizando en particular los avances de Hitler en Europa a partir de 1938 y la penetración del totalitarismo nazi en América Latina --muy concretamente en México--, así como los pactos estratégicos establecidos con México.
Los inmigrantes invisibles: Condiciones de vida e identidad de los españoles en São Paulo, en la segunda mitad del siglo XX
Authors: González Martínez Elda
Published: February 2024

La últimas oleadas migratorias de los españoles hacia América Latina se produjeron a mediados del siglo XX. Para esos años, aunque ya se había iniciado la emigración a distintos países europeos, algunas repúblicas americanas todavía aparecían como destino para los peninsulares. Argentina, Venezuela y Brasil fueron los lugares hacia donde persistió ese éxodo.En este artículo intentamos reconstruir la experiencia migratoria y las condiciones de identidad de los españoles en Brasil. Nuestro análisis, basado en entrevistas de historia de vida realizadas en São Paulo, se centra en un período de tiempo que se inicia poco después de acabar la Guerra Civil y que se prolonga hasta finales de los sesenta.
Cooperación en democracia: La ayuda al desarrollo de los gobiernos españoles hacia Latinoamérica, 1976 - 1992
Authors: González Calleja Eduardo
Published: February 2024

En los últimos tiempos han proliferado las declaraciones de expertos y de hombres públicos que asignan a la política cultural un papel preponderante en la formulación de la política exterior de un país. En sus orígenes, a comienzos de siglo, la acción cultural había mostrado un sesgo marcadamente propagandístico, una base institucional poco estable, una dinámica unilateral y una escasa planificación o coordinación. Fue en el período de entreguerras cuando surgió lo que dio en llamarse la "diplomacia cultural de los Estados" como faceta destacada de su política en el extranjero. En la última media centuria, como efecto de una nueva concepción de la solidaridad y de la cooperación internacionales brotada de las secuelas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y de la creciente circulación internacional de bienes, personas y capitales, se ha podido constatar una creciente participación del Estado y de otros organismos públicos gubernamentales o paragubernamentales en la vida cultural internacional, además de una intensificación de la diplomacia cultural bilateral y multilateral, que aparece gestionada cada vez con mayor frecuencia por agencias especializadas.
El Plan de Estabilización Económica de 1958 en la Argentina
Authors: García Heras Raúl
Published: February 2024

Hace ya más de cuarenta años, con un vibrante y elocuente mensaje radial, el 29 de diciembre de 1958, el presidente Arturo Frondizi anunció el lanzamiento de un plan de estabilización y desarrollo económico apoyado desde el exterior. Con un estilo oratorio característico mediante el cual habría de hacer diversos anuncios clave durante su mandato, a los pocos meses de asumir la presidencia Frondizi inesperadamente convocaba al país al sacrificio y a respaldar un plan tendiente a reordenar la economía nacional y sentar las bases de su futuro desarrollo.
Propriety and Permissiveness in Bourbon Mexico.	JUAN PEDRO VIQUEIRA ALBÁN: translated by Sonya Lipsett-Rivera and Sergio Rivera Ayala. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1999.
Authors: Socolow Susan M.
Published: February 2024

How did Mexican popular culture change during the Bourbon rule of Spain and its overseas empire? The accepted wisdom echoed the writings of multiple Enlightened authors who decried a breakdown in morals and a perversion of customs, in other words, what contemporaries saw as a "decline of propriety." In this path-breaking study, Juan Pedro Viqueira argues that rather than any decline or degeneration, what most marked Mexican culture from the middle of the eighteenth century on, through the Independence War, was a wide-ranging cultural shift. In essence, according to Viqueira, the Spanish state moved from being a guardian of tradition in the seventeenth century to a promoter of modernization in the eighteenth. The beginnings of this about-face are traced to the 1692 Mexico City riots, seen by Viqueira as the moment in which government authorities first became aware of the danger of subversion and began to view the masses as potential enemies.
Liberales, protestantes y masones. Modernidad y tolerancia religiosa en el Perú del siglo XIX. FERNANDO ARMAS ASIN: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y Centro de Estudios Regionales Andinos "Bartolomé de Las Casas", Historia Andina 28, 1998.
Authors: Chocano Magdalena
Published: February 2024

El titubeante carácter laico del estado peruano es un fenómeno de larga duración, cuyas raíces históricas sólo recientemente han comenzado a examinarse. Usando la prensa de la época así como folletos, discursos y manifiestos publicados en el siglo XIX y comienzos del XX referentes a la tolerancia religiosa, el libro que reseñamos aporta algunas evidencias interesantes y abre nuevas posibilidades de análisis. En el capítulo inicial el autor plantea que la tendencia moderada predominó en el seno del liberalismo peruano, mientras que la corriente radical sólo alcanzó un desarrollo limitado. Estos rasgos condicionaron el alcance de la lucha por la tolerancia religiosa, ingrediente esencial de la modernidad liberal. Durante el período comprendido entre 1820 y 1840 (examinado en el segundo capítulo), los fundadores de la nueva república se mostraron convencidos, por una parte, de que la religión católica era una garantía irrenunciable de la unidad política del país y, por otra, se les presentó la necesidad práctica de permitir la tolerancia religiosa para facilitar la apertura al comercio mundial, en el cual los extranjeros avecindados en el territorio desempeñaban un papel importante. La influencia de la iglesia católica, que mantuvo su posición de religión protegida por el estado y de cuasi condición de ciudadanía, hará que la libertad religiosa se aplique sólo a los extranjeros y se reprima cualquier amago de proselitismo no católico dirigido a la población nacional. Con todo, considera el autor que la permisividad frente a los cultos privados protestantes abrió una brecha para que fuera introduciéndose un ideal tolerante en la vida política.
Toward A Model of Democratic Stability: Political Culture in Central America
Authors: Seligson Mitchell A.
Published: February 2024

At a recent conference on democratization, one of the Latin Americanists present was overheard saying, "been there, done that." Such comments reflect the views of many Latin Americanists, who, having experienced prior waves of democratization, are perhaps justifiably skeptical about the durability of the current wave. Rather than speaking of long-term trends, we are used to looking at waves of democratization followed by waves of authoritarianism. Latin American democracies grew in number in the early 1940s, declined toward the end of World War II, grew again in the early 1960s and declined thereafter, only to rise again in the 1980s and 1990s A broader, world-wide view of cycles has been provided by Huntington, who has characterized the present upsurge as "democracy's third wave. An even longer-term view is found in the recent work of John Markoff
A Reinvenção do Brasilianismo
Authors: Maisonnave Fabiano
Published: February 2024

Há uma nova geração no brasilianismo norte-americano. Ecoando tendências recentes surgidas nos EUA, esses trabalhos estão renovando o estudo sobre o Brasil em várias disciplinas, com destaque para a história, a ciência política e a antropologia. As novas pesquisas se beneficiam das mudanças na estrutura acadêmica norte-americana, da herança de cerca de 60 anos de estudos sobre o Brasil nos EUA, da abertura democrática brasileira e da globalização. Nos últimos três anos, essa geração tem publicado vários livros que consolidam a renovação do brasilianismo.
Re-Thinking the New Approaches: An Introduction
Authors: Lesser Jeffrey
Published: February 2024

It has long been a scholarly contention that the analysis of any particular country demands approaches not always applicable to other nations. The accuracy (or lack thereof) of the statement notwithstanding, it can be said with some certainty that discussing approaches to national analysis has not been an academic priority. The essays that appear in this special issue of EIAL seek to remedy this lacuna by focusing on Brazil.
Strange Pilgrimages: Exile, Travel, and National Identity in Latin America, 1800-1900s. INGRID E. FEY and KAREN RACINE (eds.): Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 2000.
Authors: Rodríguez Julia E.
Published: February 2024

Those who have spent a substantial amount of time outside of their homelands know that living abroad can give fresh perspective on one's personal and even national identity. Are those insights gleaned abroad of a purely individual nature, or do they in their recorded forms hold promise for the scholarly study of national identity formation? The editors and authors of Strange Pilgrimages: Exile, Travel, and National Identity in Latin America, 1880-1900s answer that question in the affirmative. The volume, a collection of fourteen essays and three short primary texts about Latin Americans' experience abroad, aims to provide "case studies not only for intellectual and social historians but also for all people concerned with the issue of national identity formation"(xi). The book also includes a short but useful bibliography and filmography.
NARRATIVA DE LA DICTADURA ARGENTINA: NOVELA Y CINE
Authors: Goldberg Florinda
Published: February 2024

Estos trabajos formaron parte de un total de nueve ponencias sobre “Narrativa de la dictadura en el Cono Sur”, presentadas en el IX Congreso de la Federación Internacional de Estudios de América Latina y el Caribe (FIEALC), que tuvo lugar en la Universidad de Tel Aviv del 12 al 15 de abril de 1999.
Liberalism in the Bedroom: Quarreling Spouses in Nineteenth-Century Lima. CHRISTINE HUNEFELT: University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000.
Authors: Rivera Sonya Lipsett
Published: February 2024

What can a fight between husband and wife tell us about the past? Christine Hunefelt uses over one thousand conjugal battles from the ecclesiastical archives of Lima to paint a portrait of nineteenth-century Peru. She completes the documentary representation with the continuation of these conflicts in civil, criminal and notarial sources in order to record decades of marital strife. Her painstaking research provides her with the foundation for a very comprehensive portrait of domestic life in nineteenth-century Peru that shows the gradual alterations that occurred in families with the changes of independence and republicanism. Many historians have, quite rightly, emphasized the continuities of family law and everyday realities in the early national period. Hunefelt does not contradict these findings per se, but she shows the subtle ways that life was changing for men and women with her deft analysis.
Viva Mexico! Viva la Independencia!: Celebrations of September 16. WILLIAM H. BEEZLEY and DAVID E. LOREY (eds.): Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 2001.
Authors: Young Eric Van
Published: February 2024

Within the rapidly expanding historiography on the "invented traditions," "imagined communities," and "hegemonic" state- and nation-building projects of modern polities, a growing number of scholars have looked at public celebratory life in Mexico from the colonial period to the present. The public panoply of patriotic and religious ritual has been richly reconstructed empirically, and analyzed as state pedagogy, an appropriated festal vehicle for popular protest, a juggernaut of social and political control, deep cultural text, and so forth. Both co-editors of the anthology under review have made significant contributions to this virtual sub-genre in recent years, David Lorey with an ongoing project on secular political holidays in the twentieth century, William Beezley with similar work of his own on the nineteenth century and as co-editor of an earlier, foundational collection of essays on cognate themes, Rituals of Rule, Rituals of Resistance: Public Celebrations and Popular Culture in Mexico (1994). Beezley and Lorey have produced a fascinating volume here on public observances of Mexico's Independence day, 16 September, since the years immediately following the Mexican colony's separation from Spain in 1821. The essays are for the most part empirically rich, evocative of the eras they portray, and of more than sufficient sophisticated conceptualization to speak to ongoing debates in political and cultural history about the function of public rituals not only as instruments of elite hegemonic projects, and as venues for struggle over public memory and national identity, but also as opportunities for the expression of more exuberant popular ideas and forms of subaltern resistance.