bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Ancient Arabic Dialects in Comprehension of Textual Monograph of Quran
Authors: Ramzan Muhammad Tariq , Dr Muhamad Haroon  , Dr. Amir Hayat
Published: February 2023

It is a natural phenomenon that languages spoken worldwide, have varied manners and dialects within them. The Arabic language that ’Allah almighty has chosen as the standard-bearer of Islam to spread His message and communicator of the Qur’?n is similar to other languages, having different dialectical variations occurring from the changes among accents, intonations, and geographical conditions of the Arab. Such changes in the Qur’?nic recitation are called Qir’?t. These are different on the basis of lexical, phonetical, linguistic, morphological, and syntactical manners permitted with reciting the Qur’?n. Each Qir’?t has its own certain rules of recitation and variations in words and letters. It is believed that renowned different dialects belong to the different tribes, which include Qura?sh, Hudha?l, Tam?m, Haw?zin, Thaq?f, Kin?nah and Yemen. The wisdom behind this, was to make Qur’?nic recitation and memorization easier for the indigenous tribes who speak Arabic differently. These dialects were reduced to one, that of the Qura?sh, during the rule of third caliph ?azrat ‘Uthm?n ibn ‘Aff?n (d. 656 AD/35 AH) since variant styles of readings had the potential to cause divisions among Muslim Ummah in understanding of the message of Qur’?n. It must be kept in view that Qir’?t must not be confused with the actual Qur’?nic verses. Qir’?t does not change the verse of the Qur’?n, it is just how it is read Qur’?n. This paper is the study of how variant readings of Qur’?n be useful for comprehension of message of Qur’?n and what is the impact of these variant reading of Qur’?n on Islamic jurisprudential discourse.
HEPATIC OXIDATIVE AND MOLECULAR EXAMINATIONS OF LIVER INJURY INDUCED BY ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND MUREER EXTRACT VIA APOPTOSIS INDUCTION WITH THE AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF GALLIC ACID IN RATS
Authors: Moustafa N.H. , Al-Sheikh A.A.A. , Al-Shafey N.M.
Published: February 2023

The recent study targeted to estimate the plain appliance of liver damage induced by either alone or combined treatments of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and mureer or Senecio glaucus L. plant (SP) via studying biochemical, histological, and genetic tests for 30 days, and to evaluate the prophylactic action of gallic acid (GA) in rats. Forty rats were orally treated and equally estranged into 8 groups with five rats in each group: Control, GA (100 mg/kg), ZnO NPs (150 mg/kg), SP (400 mg/kg), GA+ZnO NPs (100,150 mg/kg), GA+SP (100,400 mg/kg), ZnO NPs+SP (150,400 mg/kg), and GA+ZnO NPs+SP (100,150,400 mg/kg). This study tested DNA content via comet assay, mRNA expression of an anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2) and a pro-apoptotic gene (Bax) via real-time qPCR, (P < 0.001), and caspase-3 expression via immunohistochemical study. Outcomes revealed that alone and combined treated groups of ZnO NPs and SP significantly altered enzyme activity and incited oxidative damage. They made DNA breakup, raised Bax and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio levels, dwindled Bcl-2 level, overexpressed caspase-3, and then initiated histopathological variants. The deadly effect of combined treatment was more than the effect of alone treatment. In contrast, it displayed that GA moderated this injury. Lastly, it clinched that ZnO NPs and SP act as pro-apoptotic agents; yet, GA acts as an anti-apoptotic agent.

Graphic abstract
Key words: Zinc oxide nanoparticles, mureer extract, gallic acid, oxidative stress, apoptosis mechanism, liver tissue, rats.
CLONING OF BRAZZEIN GENE (SWEET PROTEIN) INTO PBI121 VECTOR THROUGH PROKARYOTIC EXPRESSION SYSTEM
Authors: Saleh B , Huma N , Azhar A , Galani S
Published: February 2023

Brazzein- a low-calorie natural sweetener is an effective substitute for deleterious effects of sucrose. Uptill now, limited production of recombinant brazzein protein using heterologous expression system along with solubility and low yield challenges are reported. Foreseeing the potential of brazzein gene in therapeutics, molecular strategies are required to optimize production of recombinant brazzein using different prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems. Therefore, in this study brazzein gene synthesized from Bio Basic Inc. (BBI) which was provided in pUC57 cloning vector. The gene was retrieved from cloning vector by performing PCR and cloned in plant expression vector pBI121 with CaMV35S promoter region. Heat shock or calcium chloride method was optimized for transformation into E. coli (DH5-alpha) with recombinant vector pBI121. Kanamycin resistence selection, colony PCR and transformation efficiency analysis were performed to analyze the successful cloning procedure. Transformed cultures having cloned brazzein gene in pBI121 vector with CaMV35S promoter could be used to transform different plants such as, sorghum, sugarcane and turnip for sweet taste enhancement in future and may provide plateform for commercial scale production of therapeutic proteins using crop plants as bioreactor.
Keywords: Brazzein, pBI121 vector; Recombinant technology; Transgenic plants.
Preparation and characterization of porous hydroxyapatite reinforced with hydroxyapatite whiskers
Authors: Avcı Şenol
Published: February 2023

In this study, porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds reinforced with whiskers were fabricated. HAp whiskers were produced by the molten salt synthesis method using 5 different salt-HAp mixtures. The mixtures placed in alumina crucibles were heated to 900 oC with a heating rate of 5 oC/min in a muffle furnace and kept at this temperature for 2 hours and then cooled in the furnace. To clean the HAP crystals formed in the alumina crucibles from the reaction residues, they were washed many times with distilled water heated to 100 oC and filtered. HAp whiskers were mixed with HAp powder in certain proportions, and porous HAp reinforced with HAp whiskers were fabricated by using the sponge replica method. The synthesized whiskers and the scaffold structures were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, Compression test, and porosity measurement method.XRD analysis of synthesized whiskers confirmed the presence of HAp. SEM images showed interconnected pores in the samples, with pore sizes larger than 100µm. The compressive strengths of the samples were calculated from the stress-strain plateau average. The highest and the lowest compressive stress were calculated as 0,125 and 0,050 MPa respectively. The maximum and minimum porosities of the samples reinforced with whiskers were found to be 67,56% and 61,92%, respectively.
A Study to understand the safety measures used by farmers in application of the insecticides and pesticides in and around Nandgaon Tehsil
Authors: - Gajendrasingh Pachlore , - Pratibha Mahalle , - Mamta Chandrakar
Published: February 2023

Since the inception of Green revolution India has been trying its best to improve the production of agricultural goods. This has been largely achieved by using modern methods of agriculture practice along with indiscriminate use of pesticides and insecticides in the farm land. This study tries to understand the level of awareness among the farmers who are actually using these chemicals in their farmland and are getting directly affected.
WASTEWATER REUSE FOR URBAN AND PERI-URBAN AGRICULTURE: WHY IT'S NOT HAPPENING SOON
Authors: N. K. Fidelis , M. K. Winnie , W. K. Joyce , K. Juliana , K. Daniel , M. Scholastica , M. Catherine
Published: February 2023

Urban and peri urban agriculture (UPA) forms a key component of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) special program for food security. UPA is widely upheld as a possible solution to the increased food insecurity which is linked to urban population expansion. In developing economies such as Kenya, increased urban population is highly pronounced unlike in other developed economies. This is attributed to high birth rates, and the increasing rural-urban migration, leading to expansion of urban slums with high levels of urban poverty, unemployment, food insecurity and malnutrition. With UPA seen as an opportunity for improving food supply, local economy, health conditions and environmental sustainability, it's imperative to adopt such measures. However, limited sources of water in the urban cities are seen to limit pervasiveness of UPA despite its well-known benefits. In this study, investigation of the potential for an eco-friendlily UPA (EcoUPA) was carried out in Nairobi Kenya. Using stratified random sampling to identify respondents, carrying out field surveys and administering questionnaires to establish the existing water sources, wastewater treatment systems and the utilization of these systems for reuse of the wastewater. Further, the satisfaction levels of the respondents with their wastewater treatment systems, their openness to change, and the methods preferable to them were also determined.  From the study, it was determined out of 300 respondents interviewed only 66 (22%) re-used wastewater and only 54 of them reused it for crops production. Ninety - eight (33%) of respondent were interested in getting information on wastewater treatment systems that allow reuse of water and 124 (41%) respondents were willing to pay for the new system.
Undertourism vs. Overtourism
Authors: Barač Miftarević Sandra
Published: February 2023

This research aims to determine the number of articles dealing with overtourism and undertourism. The authors assume that there is not enough literature dealing with undertourism, while the concept of overtourism has been researched extensively. Undertourism is an underrated concept that requires further research. The selected 41 papers were collected from Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus databases according to basic search criteria. A quantitative and qualitative approach was used to reveal important facts about authors, sources, under topics, co-citation, and to classify selected papers according to the methods, techniques, and themes examined. The literature review results revealed that there are numerous papers about overtourism but few about the concept of undertourism. The paper's deficit concerning undertourism demands further research, with a precise and clear definition of the concept, its history, and implications for the sustainability of expanding the existing tourism paradigm.
Stakeholders' Perspectives on Post-Pandemic Sustainable Tourism Development
Authors: Afrić Rakitovac Kristina , Urošević Nataša
Published: February 2023

This paper presents research focused on the post-pandemic opportunities of special interest tourism development, through elaboration of the stakeholders' perspectives on sustainable valorisation of local natural and cultural heritage in the changing global context. The main goal of the research was to analyse the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on key stakeholders’ activities and their attitudes towards future sustainable tourism development. The empirical research has been realised in the Municipality of Vrsar, a typical Mediterranean tourist destination characterised by mass tourism and high seasonality. The research was based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including a literature review, semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders’ representatives and a tourists' attitudes survey. The conducted research indicated that the current pandemic could be seen also as an opportunity for all key stakeholders to reflect on the sustainability of the existing tourism practices and develop products which will be more nature-friendly and respond to new needs and expectations of changing tourist demand. The new, more sustainable, post-pandemic model of participatory governance in cultural and tourism development should involve all interested stakeholders, by developing a distinctive offer for special interest tourist segments which could disperse demand in time and space and prolong the tourism season.
The concept of transitional justice in a context of a breach of articles 2 and 3 of the European convention on human rights
Authors: Misko Yuliia
Published: February 2023

This article examines violations and crimes against human rights committed during the period of transitional justice. This topic is extremely actual for Ukraine today, thus it provokes countless discussions. Transitional justice is a complex of special measures towards reaching peace after armed conflict, reaching democracy after authoritarianism. The main aim of this conception is fairness. The last one must be established in relation to the victims of violations of human rights, in particular, the right to life and prohibition of torture. The family of the victim, for its part, has the right to know what really happened and demand reparation for the moral suffering. In fact, the human rights violation occurs in the temporarily ungoverned territories of Ukraine every day. In case the state has no opportunity to exercise effective control over the entire territory of our country and ensure all the rights set forth in the European convention on human rights for its citizens fully, after the war the state has a duty to restore valuable human rights such as the right to life and the prohibition of torture. Consequently, it is necessary to be getting ready for this period immediately. We should take into account the mechanisms of restoring justice in other countries as well as analyse the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights relating to human rights violation during armed conflicts. In particular, this article explores the proceedings against Russia, Turkey, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia that may be relevant for Ukraine. Obviously, for bringing the perpetrators to justice and in order to avoid impunity, a process of documentation or another effective instrument for recording the acts against human rights stays complicated, major and open for further development.

Key words: transitional justice, right to life, prohibition of torture, European Court of Human Rights, European Convention on Human Rights.
Selected issues of jurisdiction and practice of the Special Tribunal of Lebanon
Authors: Bazov Oleksandr
Published: February 2023

In the context of globalization and integration, the study of the legal and institutional foundations for the creation and operation of international criminal courts of the «new wave», especially the Special Tribunal of Lebanon, is of great scientific and practical interest. The specified Tribunal, which was created in connection with the terroristic act committed on 14 February 2005 in Beirut, Lebanon, as a result of which the former Prime Minister Of Lebanon Rafic Hariri and other people were killed. On August 18, 2020, after fifteen years of judicial investigation, the Tribunal delivered its judgment in this international crime, namely the case of Ayyash et al. This case caused a great international resonance, which was associated with the peculiarities of the Trial, its organization and sentencing, and also by the fact that the verdict was passed in absentia.

The purpose of the article is to determine the legal and institutional framework of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, as well as to analyze the practice of this international judicial body. The analysis of the case law of this tribunal is carried out taking into account its impact on the further development of international criminal justice and national legal systems.

It is important to note that in modern conditions of active development of the international criminal justice system in the field of view of the science of international law are international criminal courts of the so-called «new wave» or «third generation», the study of legal and institutional principles of which in particular, the activities of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, which became the first judicial body with international and national components to have jurisdiction over cases of international terrorism.

Key words: international crime, international tribunal, jurisdiction, terrorism, responsibility.
Development of an integrated space-time database, characterizing an effects of climate change
Authors:   Yugra State University, Shelomentsev Andrei G. , Goncharova Kseniya S. ,   Yugra State University, Shelomentsev Artem A. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Kruglikov Aleksej S. ,   Ural Main Branch of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Published: February 2023

Currently, at the global and regional (national) levels, the expert community, as well as statesmen, have prioritized the task of practical implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (characterizing the dynamics of a development of various parameters of socio-ecological and economic systems). Achieving these goals requires serious analytical work based on a deep and comprehensive analysis of a processes taking place in various spheres, as well as the formation of an appropriate information platform, including a set of databases that adequately describe changes taking place in various spheres of state activity. However, today, in Russian practice, this tool is practically absent, which significantly complicates the qualitative and quantitative analysis, assessment and forecasting of the processes of adaptation of Russian regions (including the population living in them) to consequences of global climate change. The purpose of this study is to form a database of indicators characterizing process of adaptation of socio-ecological and economic systems of a northern regions of Western Siberia (The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) to global climate change. The projected database should become the basis for creating an open information resource for a wide range of users when they solve analytical and predictive tasks related to a socio-economic assessment of an impact of global climate warming on permafrost. To achieve the objectives of the study, a set of methods was used: theoretical generalization and comparison, formalization, algorithmization, structuring and grouping, economic and statistical methods (including correlation and regression analysis), cartographic method, graphical modeling method. As a result, we have formed a database representing a single, periodically updated repository containing spatio-temporal data sets characterizing processes and phenomena, on the one hand, socio-ecological and economic systems, on the other – climate change. Further work with the database assumes, on the basis of available quantitative data and methods of mathematical statistics, the identification of elements of the ecological, socio-economic systems of the KhMAO and YaNAO vulnerable to global climate change, as well as forecasting the dynamics of their (systems) transformation.
Factores Psicosociales en docentes: revisión sistemática a partir del meta-análisis
Authors: Rivera Rodríguez Leslie Guadalupe
Published: February 2023

La presente investigación es una revisión sistemática, cuyo objetivo principal era la identificación de los diversos instrumentos aplicados para su estudio, así como el análisis de las distintas asociaciones con las cuales se ha investigado el tema. Para alcanzar este objetivo se hizo una búsqueda de artículos primarios en tres bases de datos científicas SciELO, Redalyc y PubMed, obteniendo en total 373 artículos en distitntos idiomas, de los cuales 23 investigaciones cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión deteminados para la realización de este estudio. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos de la revisión, se identifica que la profesión docente se encuentra expuesta a diversass condiciones que tienen afectación en la salud física y emocional. Se recomienda desarrollar investigaciones desde un enfoque de intervención para mitigar estos efectos.
Sistema de información y su influencia en el desarrollo agrario de la región San Martín
Authors: Alejandría Castro Mtro. Cesar Augusto , Choy Reátegui MBA. Willian , Ruiz Trigozo Mtro. Elmer
Published: February 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación; tiene como objetivo general “Determinar la influencia del sistema de información en el desarrollo agrario de la región San Martín”. El tipo de investigación es Correlacional, con un diseño no experimental. Donde la muestra poblacional lo conforman 174 productores agrarios que se encuentran distribuidos proporcionalmente en las 10 provincias de la región San Martín, según la población de estudio. Donde se aplicó como instrumento de recojo de información “el cuestionario”; considerando 23 ítems según las variables e indicadores de estudio, en referencia a la escala de medición, lo que nos permitió medir el nivel de influencia del sistema de información en el desarrollo agrario en la región San Martín, donde se obtuvo de manera general los siguientes resultados: 1.) Los productores agrarios mencionan que el nivel de influencia del sistema de información en el desarrollo agrario es alto (61.8%), pero a la vez existe una correlación positiva significativa (r = 0.278), ello debido principalmente a la percepción que poseen de la información, donde mencionan que si bien la información que se emite es de mucha importancia y utilidad, estas presentan problemas de calidad y confiabilidad, restringiendo y limitando la capacidad de análisis para la toma de decisiones. 2.) Los productores agrarios también manifestaron que el nivel de utilidad y aplicabilidad del sistema de información en beneficio de sus actividades es alto (56.5%), es decir que toman en cuenta los indicadores de la variable de estudio en la toma de decisiones, resaltando la importancia de contar con un adecuado sistema de información agraria. Finalmente, los productores agrarios consideran que el nivel de avance y desarrollo agrario alcanzado en beneficio de sus actividades es alto (58.0%), generando mayor desarrollo y fortalecimiento en los ingresos económicos, medios de vida, competitividad agraria e inserción a los mercados.
Estrés Infantil Post Pandemia
Authors: Diaz Bhraunxs de Dávila Julissa de los Angeles , Pintado Alburqueque Karen Lizbeth , Quiñones Castro Nanci Virgilia
Published: February 2023

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal realizar una revisión documentaria con el propósito de dar a conocer la importancia sobre el estrés infantil a consecuencia del confinamiento social por la covid-19, en su mayoría los niños se han visto afectados en su socialización, por lo cual se requiere una atención inmediata. Se requiere la participación de docentes y padres de familia para identificar y concientizar las señales tempranas de estrés infantil. La metodología empleada en el presente artículo ha sido bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, en la que se utilizó el análisis documentario de 5 bases de datos como: Google académico, Renati, Retis, Revistas UTM y Redalyc; y revisión bibliográfica nacional e internacional. Como resultados se evidencia que, identificar oportunamente las señales de estrés en los niños harán que la sociedad reflexione y tome conciencia sobre el estrés infantil, que afecta de manera psicológica, cognitiva y física; evidenciándose en el comportamiento del niño de manera negativa, por ello la atención oportuna y pertinente hará que los porcentajes de estrés infantil disminuyan. Finalmente, se concluye de la revisión documental que los niños fueron afectados emocionalmente en su dinámica social por la covid-19.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI POWTOON DALAM PEMBELAJARAN HYBRID LEARNING
Authors: Amran Hasanatul Fuadah , Amran Husna Farianti , K Hendri
Published: February 2023

In the era of digitalization 5.0, learning can not only be done face-to-face, the hybrid learning method allows learning to be carried out without knowing distance and time. Hybrid combines or mixes face to face learning and computer-based learning (online and offline). The learning process can be designed by adjusting to the needs. Learning design aims to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of a learning system. One of the web-based learning models is to use powtoon as a medium. Powtoon is one of the freeware or programs that are used for free by internet users and not many have developed learning media with Powtoon. Several studies have shown that Powtoon can improve the quality of the teaching and learning process, the material presented using the Powtoon application becomes clearer and real and students become easier to understand the material. The purpose of this study is to develop the Powtoon application in hybrid learning learning. This research is a development research using a mixed method The design and approach used in this research is the development of Research & Development (R&D). In the development of this learning video, a model is used. 4D (Four D) development. This research was carried out at SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Pekanbaru, in the even semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. The research population is productive teachers of TKJ SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Pekanbaru and students of class X TKJ 2 SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Pekanbaru. With a sample of 2 productive TKJ teachers and 15 students of class X TKJ 2, which were taken by purposive sampling techniques. The products and instruments developed are: Powtoon animation learning videos and student ability test questions. The results showed that experimental classes that had used Powtoon learning videos had better learning abilities than t test control classes (0.02 < 0.05). It was concluded that the Powtoon learning videos developed were effective in improving students' learning abilities.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INVENTARIS CRUDE OIL DENGAN SCRUM PADA PASIR PETROLEUM RESOURCES LIMITED
Authors: Setyo Excsell Edo Putra , Putera Muhammad Ihsan Alfani , Sugih I Putu Deny Arthawan
Published: February 2023

Inventory or office stock is an activity or action to carry out calculations, arrangements, management, implementation of recording of an item to obtain information that can be controlled and supervised on a company's assets. Companies often get difficulties or difficulties in controlling an asset so that they make reports regarding the identity of these assets irregularly. Under these conditions, the company really needs to develop a manual asset recording report process that is computerized by building an inventory information system that can manage and record the activities of a company's assets. The research method used is the Agile Method, the Scrum framework model. By building a Website-based Asset Inventory System and Page Hypertext Processor as the Boostrap Framework programming language as the End font framework and MySQL as a database server, it is hoped that the Asset Inventory Information System can be useful for companies in controlling and recording an identity of goods or assets.
On the Fourth-Order Lattice Gel'fand-Dikii Equations
Authors:   Shanghai University, P.R. China, Tela Guesh Yfter , Zhao Song-Lin ,   Zhejiang University of Technology, P.R. China, Zhang Da-Jun ,   Shanghai University, P.R. China
Published: February 2023

The fourth-order lattice Gel'fand-Dikii equations in quadrilateral form are investigated. Utilizing the direct linearization approach, we present some equations of the extended lattice Gel'fand-Dikii type. These equations are related to a quartic discrete dispersion relation and can be viewed as higher-order members of the extended lattice Boussinesq type equations. The resulting lattice equations given here are in five-component form, and some of them are multi-dimensionally consistent by introducing extra equations. Lax integrability is discussed both by direct linearization scheme and also through multi-dimensional consistent property. Some reductions of the five-component lattice equations to the four-component forms are considered.
TOI-5205b: A Short-period Jovian Planet Transiting a Mid-M Dwarf
Authors: Kanodia Shubham , Mahadevan Suvrath , Libby-Roberts Jessica , Stefansson Gudmundur , Cañas Caleb I. , Piette Anjali A. A. , Boss Alan , Teske Johanna , Chambers John , Zeimann Greg , Monson Andrew , Robertson Paul , Ninan Joe P. , Lin Andrea S. J. , Bender Chad F. , Cochran William D. , Diddams Scott A. , Gupta Arvind F. , Halverson Samuel , Hawley Suzanne , Kobulnicky Henry A. , Metcalf Andrew J. , Parker Brock A. , Powers Luke , Ramsey Lawrence W. , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Swaby Tera N. , Terrien Ryan C. , Wisniewski John
Published: February 2023

We present the discovery of TOI-5205b, a transiting Jovian planet orbiting a solar metallicity M4V star, which was discovered using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry and then confirmed using a combination of precise radial velocities, ground-based photometry, spectra, and speckle imaging. TOI-5205b has one of the highest mass ratios for M-dwarf planets, with a mass ratio of almost 0.3%, as it orbits a host star that is just 0.392 ± 0.015 M
⊙. Its planetary radius is 1.03 ± 0.03 R
J, while the mass is 1.08 ± 0.06 M
J. Additionally, the large size of the planet orbiting a small star results in a transit depth of ∼7%, making it one of the deepest transits of a confirmed exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence star. The large transit depth makes TOI-5205b a compelling target to probe its atmospheric properties, as a means of tracing the potential formation pathways. While there have been radial-velocity-only discoveries of giant planets around mid-M dwarfs, this is the first transiting Jupiter with a mass measurement discovered around such a low-mass host star. The high mass of TOI-5205b stretches conventional theories of planet formation and disk scaling relations that cannot easily recreate the conditions required to form such planets.
The Influence of β-decay Rates on r-process Observables
Authors: Lund Kelsey A. , Engel J. , McLaughlin G. C. , Mumpower M. R. , Ney E. M. , Surman R.
Published: February 2023

The rapid neutron capture process (r-process) is one of the main mechanisms whereby elements heavier than iron are synthesized, and is entirely responsible for the natural production of the actinides. Kilonova emissions are modeled as being largely powered by the radioactive decay of species synthesized via the r-process. Given that the r-process occurs far from nuclear stability, unmeasured beta-decay rates play an essential role in setting the timescale for the r-process. In an effort to better understand the sensitivity of kilonova modeling to different theoretical global beta-decay descriptions, we incorporate these into nucleosynthesis calculations. We compare the results of these calculations and highlight differences in kilonova nuclear energy generation and light-curve predictions, as well as final abundances and their implications for nuclear cosmochronometry. We investigate scenarios where differences in beta-decay rates are responsible for increased nuclear heating on timescales of days that propagates into a significantly increased average bolometric luminosity between 1 and 10 days post-merger. We identify key nuclei, both measured and unmeasured, whose decay rates directly impact nuclear heating generation on timescales responsible for light-curve evolution. We also find that uncertainties in beta-decay rates significantly impact age estimates from cosmochronometry.
The Complex X-Ray Obscuration Environment in the Radio-loud Type 2 Quasar 3C 223
Authors: LaMassa Stephanie M. , Yaqoob Tahir , Tzanavaris Panayiotis , Gandhi Poshak , Heckman Timothy , Lansbury George , Siemiginowska Aneta
Published: February 2023

3C 223 is a radio-loud, Type 2 quasar at z = 0.1365 with an intriguing X-ray Multi-mirror Mission (XMM)-Newton spectrum that implicated it as a rare, Compton-thick (N
H ≳ 1.25 × 1024 cm−2) active galactic nucleus (AGN). We obtained contemporaneous XMM-Newton and Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) spectra to fit the broadband X-ray spectrum with the physically motivated MYTorus and borus02 models. We confirm earlier results that the obscuring gas is patchy with both high (though not Compton-thick) levels of obscuration (N
H > 1023 cm−2) and gas clouds with column densities up to an order of magnitude lower. The spectral fitting results indicate additional physical processes beyond those modeled in the spectral grids of MYTorus and borus02 impact the emergent spectrum: the Compton-scattering region may be extended beyond the putative torus; a ring of heavy Compton-thick material blocks most X-ray emission along the line of sight; or the radio jet is beamed, boosting the production of Fe Kα line photons in the global medium compared with what is observed along the line of sight. We revisit a recent claim that no radio-loud Compton-thick AGN have yet been conclusively shown to exist, finding three reported cases of radio-loud AGN with global average (but not line-of-sight) column densities that are Compton thick. Now that it is possible to separately determine line-of-sight and global column densities, inhomogeneity in the obscuring medium has consequences for how we interpet the spectrum and classify an AGN as “Compton thick.”
Curvature of the Spectral Energy Distribution, Compton Dominance, and Synchrotron Peak Frequency in Jetted Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Chen 陈 Yongyun 永云 , Gu 顾 Qiusheng 秋生 , Fan 樊 Junhui 军辉 , Yu 俞 Xiaoling 效龄 , Ding 丁 Nan 楠 , Xiong 熊 Dingrong 定荣 , Guo 郭 Xiaotong 晓通
Published: February 2023

We collect a large sample with a reliable redshift detected by the Fermi satellite after 10 yr of data (4FGL-DR2), including blazars, gamma-ray narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (γNLS1s), and radio galaxies. The spectral energy distributions of these Fermi sources are fitted by using a second-degree polynomial, and some important parameters including spectral curvature, synchrotron peak frequency, and peak luminosity are obtained. Based on those parameters, we discuss the Fermi blazar sequence and the particle acceleration mechanism. Our main results are as follows: (i) By studying the relationship between the synchrotron peak frequency and the synchrotron peak frequency luminosity, jet kinetic power, and gamma-ray luminosity for jetted active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we find an “L” shape in the Fermi blazar sequence. (ii) There is a significant anticorrelation between the Compton dominance, the black hole spin, and the synchrotron peak frequency for jetted AGNs, respectively. These results support that the γNLS1s and radio galaxies belong to the Fermi blazar sequence. (iii) On the basis of previous work, statistical or stochastic acceleration mechanisms can be used to explain the relationship between the synchrotron peak frequency and synchrotron curvature. For different subclasses, the correlation slopes are different, which implies that the Fermi sources of different subclasses have different acceleration mechanisms. (iv) Flat-spectrum radio quasars and γNLS1s have a higher median spin of a black hole than BL Lac objects and radio galaxies.
In Situ Star Formation in Accretion Disks and Explanation of Correlation between the Black Hole Mass and Metallicity in Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Fan Xiao , Wu Qingwen
Published: February 2023

Recent observations show that the metallicity Z
BLR of the broad-line region (BLR) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is solar to supersolar, which is positively correlated with the mass of supermassive black holes (M
BH) and does not evolve with the redshift up to z ∼ 7. We revisit the M
BH−Z
BLR correlation with more AGNs with M
BH ∼ 106–8 
M
⊙ and find that the positive correlation becomes flat in the low-mass range. It is known that the outer part of accretion disks is gravitationally unstable and can fragment into stars. Considering the star formation and supernovae in the outer AGN disk, we calculate the metal enrichment and find that the positive M
BH−Z
BLR correlation can be roughly reproduced if the stellar mass distribution is “top heavy.” We find that the observed BLR size is more or less similar to the self-gravity radius of the AGN disk, which suggests that the BLR may be closely correlated with the underlying accretion process.
New distribution records of the alien plant – Sicyos angulatus L. (Cucurbitaceae) from Georgia
Authors: Mikeladze Irakli , Bolkvadze Gia
Published: February 2023

The invasion of alien plants into the territory of Georgia started in ancient times and continues today. Sicyos angulatus L., a species of North American origin, is an example of such an invasion. The first established populations of S. angulatus occurrence in Georgia were observed in 2012. Since then, new localities have been recorded, both in agricultural and disturbed natural communities. The species, which has easily adapted to local soil and climatic conditions, is expanding every year and is already widely spread in west Georgia. The plant is characterized by fast and intense growth and a climbing habit using other plants as a support. In this contribution, the peculiarities of its distribution in Georgia and the morphological features and life-history characteristics of Georgian populations are provided.
L’individualisme démocratique et la thèse de l’éducation impossible. Michel Houellebecq face au monde hypermoderne
Authors: Roelens Camille
Published: February 2023

L’objet de cet article est de mettre au jour ce que l’œuvre de Michel Houellebecq nous permet de penser et de comprendre de la tension constitutive entre individualisme démocratique, modernité et éducation. Nous montrons qu’il propose une vision de ce que seraient un antimodernisme et un anti-individualisme éducatifs radicaux. Nous précisons d’abord quelques éléments de méthode inhérents à la confrontation que nous proposons à ces questions et invitons à affiner la distinction entre ce qui, chez le romancier, relève respectivement de la volonté de rendre compte de l’époque en général ou de celle de faire valoir son point de vue propre. Nous synthétisons ensuite les principaux traits de la mise en scène par Houellebecq de relations éducatives dans différents lieux éducatifs, comme la famille ou l’école, ainsi que du vécu subjectif d’apprentissage de celles et ceux qui les vivent. Nous resituons enfin les propos de l’écrivain comme une déclinaison spécifique, ici éducative, et hyperbolisée d’une posture antimoderne et anti-individualiste plus globale.
Immigrant entrepreneurship and gender dimensions: A systematic review
Authors: Sarihasan Imran , Dajnoki Krisztina , Al-Dalahmeh Main
Published: February 2023

Purpose: This paper discusses whether the gender dimension of immigrants influences their entrepreneurial activities in host societies. Human capital theory, social capital theory, and disadvantage theory are used to explore immigrant entrepreneurship and its understanding as a migration research field worthy of more attention.Design/methodology/approach: Based on the systematic analysis of literature and peer-reviewed papers, a comprehensive analytical framework was developed. This framework is provided with an overview to discover the 20 articles written between 2000 and 2021 from different countries are discussed.Findings: It has been found that female immigrant entrepreneurs face many different challenges to sustain their businesses in the host countries, based on their human capital, social-capital, and disadvantage perspectives. Consequently, this research adds to the literature on female immigrants and has practical implications for policymakers and the immigrant community.Social Implications: The implication of this study is that destination countries should do something to improve the human and social capital of female immigrants to decrease the disadvantages they face.Originality/value: In this study, we specifically consider female immigrant enterprises to be as important as male enterprises in the destination countries to support the social and economic integration of migrants. On the other hand, this study also shows the disadvantages female immigrant entrepreneurs face before establishing a business and after starting their entrepreneurial activities.
Stability analysis and optimal control for leaf brown spot disease of rice
Authors: Lertnaweephorn Suprawee , Humphries Usa Wannasigha , Khan Amir
Published: February 2023

Leaf brown spot, caused by fungi, is a terrible plant disease, and it can significantly reduce the quality and quantity of rice. In this paper, we developed the model based on leaf brown spot disease development and considered a preventive treatment using botanical fungicide. In addition, we develop a model with suitable optimal control strategies. The result shows disease-free equilibrium is asymptotically stable when $R_0>1$. In contrast, the endemic equilibrium is asymptotically stable when $R_0 > 1$. The obtained optimal control to can reduce the number of infected plants compared to that without control. In addition, the analytical results were confirmed by numerical simulations of the occurrence of the theoretical results.
Extinction and permanence of a general non-autonomous discrete-time SIRS epidemic model
Authors: Chaihao Butsayapat , Khomrutai Sujin
Published: February 2023

We investigate a non-autonomous discrete-time SIRS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence rate and distributed delays combined with a nonlinear recovery rate taken into account the impact of health care resources. Two threshold parameters $ \mathcal{R}_0, \mathcal{R}_\infty $ are obtained so that the disease dies out when $ \mathcal{R}_0 < 1 $; and the infective persists indefinitely when $ \mathcal{R}_\infty > 1 $.
An intelligent scheduling control method for smart grid based on deep learning
Authors: Tong Zhanying , Zhou Yingying , Xu Ke
Published: February 2023

Nowadays, data analysis is been the most important means to realize power scheduling in smart grids. However, the sharp increase in business data of grids has posed great challenges for this purpose. To deal with such issue, this paper utilizes deep learning to discover hidden rules from massive large-scale big data and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for generation of control decision. Therefore, an intelligent scheduling control method for smart grid based on deep learning is proposed in this paper. By modeling the historical data of the power company, the long short-term memory algorithm can effectively extract the effective features and realize the prediction of the coal consumption of the unit under certain conditions. At the same time, a kind of intelligent power scheduling algorithm is designed by using PSO, so as to save energy and reduce emissions as much as possible while fulfilling the real-time power generation task. Experiments on a real-world smart grid dataset show that the proposal can achieve a relatively good performance with respect to intelligent scheduling.
Transitioning from PET/MR to trimodal neuroimaging: why not cover the temporal dimension with EEG?
Authors: Arachchige Arosh S. Perera Molligoda
Published: February 2023

The possibility of multimodality imaging with PET/MR and the availability of ultra-high field MRI has allowed to investigate novel aspects of neuropsychiatric conditions. One of the major barriers in current studies is the lack of an instrument that allows to accurately cover the temporal aspect under the same physiological conditions. The aim of this commentary is to provide our perspective on how the integration of EEG-PET-MR could be a solution to the current challenge in molecular imaging and seems to hold great promise in future pharmacological challenging-based studies, understanding different functional states of the brain, and could furthermore aid in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluations of neurocognitive disorders.
Mutations in Plasmodium knowlesi Kelch protein 13 and the dihydropteroate synthase gene in clinical samples
Authors: Saif Ahmed
Published: February 2023

Objective:

To determine the genetic diversity, natural selection and mutations in Plasmodium (P.) knowlesi drug resistant molecular markers Kelch 13 and dhps gene in clinical samples of Malaysia.

Methods:

P. knowlesi full-length gene sequences Kelch 13 gene (PkK13) from 40 samples and dhps gene from 30 samples originating from Malaysian Borneo were retrieved from public databases. Genetic diversity, natural selection, and phylogenetic analysis of gene sequences were analysed using DNAsp v5.10 and MEGA v5.2.

Results:

Seventy-two single nucleotide polymorphic sites (SNPs) across the full-length PkK13 gene (63 synonymous substitutions and 9 non-synonymous substitutions) with nucleotide diversity of π~0.005 was observed. Analysis of the full-length Pkdhps gene revealed 73 SNPs and π~0.006 (44 synonymous substitutions and 29 non-synonymous substitutions). A high number of haplotypes (PkK13; H=37 and Pkdhps; H=29) with haplotype diversity of Hd ~0.99 were found in both genes, indicating population expansion. Nine mutant alleles were identified in PkK13 amino acid alignment of which, 7 (Asp3Glu, Lys50Gln, Lys53Glu, Ser123Thr, Ser127Pro, Ser149Thr and Ala169Thr) were within the Plasmodium specific domain, 2 (VaI372Ile and Lys424Asn) were in the BTB/POZ domain and no mutation was observed within the kelch propeller domain. The 29 non-synonymous mutations in the Pkdhps gene were novel and only presented in exon 1 and 2.

Conclusions:

Monitoring the mutations from clinical samples collected from all states of Malaysia along with clinical efficacy studies will be necessary to determine the drug resistance in P. knowlesi.
Molecular epidemiology of piliated pneumococcal isolates at a major tertiary hospital in the Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Dzaraly Nurul Diana , Desa Mohd Nasir Mohd , Muthanna AbdulRahman , Masri Siti Norbaya , Taib Niazlin Mohd , Baharin Nurul Hana Zainal , Sulaiman Nurshahira , Rahman Nurul Asyikin Abdul , Palanisamy Navindra Kumari , Suhaili Zarizal , Yusuff Semiat Opeyemi , Rahman Nor Iza A. , Soh Tuan Suhaila Tuan , Abdullah8 Fatimah Haslina
Published: February 2023

Objective:

To characterise a collection of pili-carrying and none pili-carrying pneumococcal isolates of clinical origin for serotypes, antibiotic resistance and genotype.

Methods:

In total, 42 clinical isolates were collected between October 2017 and December 2019. Those isolates were analysed for antimicrobial susceptibility, serotype distribution, detection of pneumococcal virulence and pilus genes. Multilocus sequence typing was performed only for piliated isolates, followed by phylogenetic analysis.

Results:

The common isolation sites among the pneumococcal isolates were tracheal aspirate (28.6%), blood (26.2%), and sputum (23.8%). Fifty percent isolates were resistant to erythromycin, tetracycline (50.0%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (43.0%). The most frequent were serotypes 19F (28.6%), 6A/B (23.8%) and 19A (14.3%). Piliated isolates were detected in a small proportion (33.3%); 64.3% were multidrug-resistant. ST320 was the prevalent sequence type among the piliated isolates and genetically related to the Pneumococcal Molecular Epidemiology Network clones Taiwan19F-14 (CC271). In the phylogenetic analysis, some piliated isolates showed a close association having similar ST320, carrying serotype 19A and both pilus genes indicating their clonal spread.

Conclusions:

Pneumococcal lineages of piliated isolates have been globally disseminated and pili could have played a role in the spread of antibiotic resistant clones.