bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viscosity of nanofluids-A Review
Authors: Patra A.K. , Nayak M.K. , Misra A.
Published: July 2020

In the present study a comprehensive review on rheological characteristics of nanofluids for their advanced heat transfer applications has been conducted and presented. The present article critically summarizes the recent research developments regarding the theoretical and experimental investigations about viscosity of different nanofluids. In addition, different reasonably attractive theoretical models and experimental correlations are explored and well discussed. Moreover, the current study analyzes several factors those strongly influencing viscosity of nanofluids include solid volume fraction, temperature, particle size, particle shape, different base fluids, surfactants addition, ultrasonication, nanoclustering and pH value. Important theoretical and experimental results from many researchers and predictions from a number of viscosity models are compared and discussed with appropriate justification. Most results reveal that the viscosity of nanofluid upsurges due to an increase in particle concentration while that belittles with diminishing temperature. Augmentation of nano-additives size leads to decreasing/increasing of nanofluid fluid viscosity. For the most nanofluids, Newtonian behavior is observed for low volume fractions, shear rates, concentrations and viscosity while non-Newtonian behavior is visualized for high volume fractions, shear rates, concentrations and viscosity. Nanofluids used carbon nanotubes are almost non-Newtonian in nature while nanofluids not involving carbon nanotubes are mostly Newtonian. Finally, the research challenges and needs in this important area of nanofluids are also highlighted.
PENDAMPINGAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI SDN 24 RAMBUTAN DESA DURIAN GADIS
Authors: Siregar Muhammad Ichsan
Published: July 2020

Pengabdian ini akan menitikberatkan pada permasalahan anak khususnya dalam konteks pendidikan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan selama 4 hari dengan alokasi waktu 2 jam/hari pada SDN 24 Rambutan Desa Durian Gadis. Adapun mengenai pengabdian ini berupa kegiatan belajar mengajar ceria dan manajemen pengelolaan pendidikan. Pendampingan terhadap kegiatan belajar mengajar ceria ini melibatkan kerjsama dengan orang tua dan mahasiswa. Dengan memberikan metode belajar jigsaw diharapkan kedepannya muncul motivasi jiwa positif dan semangat bagi anak-anak. Serta orang tua mempunyai waktu luang dan lebih untuk mengontrol anak. Sedangkan pelibatan guru dalam hal kegiatan manajemen pengelolaan pendidikan guna melatih guru agar kegiatan belajar mengajar kepada siswa-siswa menjadi lebih maksimal sesuai dengan tut wuri handayani.Kata kunci: Â Kegiatan belajar menajar ceria, Manajemen Pengelolaan Pendidikan
SOSIALISASI APLIKASI PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BERBASIS ANDROID PADA SD NEGERI 39 PALEMBANG
Authors: Yulianti Evi , Agustri Suzan , Nur Effy Luthfiyyah , Sari Desi Ratna
Published: July 2020

Program Sosialisasi Aplikasi Pembelajaran Matematika kelas 6 SD Negeri 39 Palembang berbasis Android ini merupakan wujud nyata kegiatan yang dilakukan dosen dan mahasiswa Universitas IGM membantu para guru SD Negeri 39 Palembang untuk meningkatkan kompetensi dalam kegiatan pengajaran. Saat ini smartphone difasilitasi dengan sistem operasi Android dan juga bersifat moveable sehingga akan lebih efektif untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran. Media pembelajaran multimedia atau berbasis android mampu menjadikan siswa lebih aktif, kreatif, lebih menyenangkan dan lebih semangat dalam belajar. Sosialisasi Aplikasi Pembelajaran Matematika berbasis Android dapat membantu siswa untuk belajar secara mandiri, pada aplikasi ini siswa dapat mempelajari materi pelajaran matematika terlebih dahulu. Setelah siswa membaca materi, siswa dapat menguji kemampuan mereka dengan cara menjawab soal tes matematika pada aplikasi ini.Â  Aplikasi ini juga dapat mempermudah siswa untuk mengetahui nilai atau score dari hasil soal tes matematika mereka secara langsung, dan juga dapat mengetahui solusi penyelesaian dari masing-masing soal tes matematika tersebut. Aplikasi pembelajaran matematika berbasis android ini dirancang dengan tampilan yang sangat menarik dan interaktif, sehingga meningkatkan minat belajar siswa terhadap matematika.Kata kunci : Android, aplikasi, pembelajaran multimedia
PERAN MEDIA SOSIAL DALAM PENGEMBANGAN HOMESTAY DI DESA TERONG KABUPATEN BELITUNG
Authors: Permatasari Mustika , Pratiyudha Dilla , M.Pd M.Taslim
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK

              

Desa Terong merupakan desa pertama yang menjadi percontohan sebagai desa wisata kreatif di Kawasan Sijuk Kabupaten Belitung. Jumlah kunjungan wisatawan ke Desa Terong mengalami peningkatan dan pengembangan pondok wisata (homestay) mulai bermunculan bahkan sampai ke kawasan lain di Pulau Belitung. Namun kesadaran akan kemajuan teknologi khususnya pengetahuan dan penggunaan media sosial yang dipergunakan untuk sarana promosi potensi Desa Terong, terbilang masih minim. Terutama bagi para pengelola homestay yang memiliki kamar untuk disewakan kepada para wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Desa Terong. Sehingga peran media sosial terhadap pengembangan homestay perlu diteliti. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode eksploratif.  Berdasarkan hasil wawancara pada 26 pengelola homestay di Desa Terong diperoleh bahwa a. Ketersediaan informasi atau artikel pemesanan homestay yang mendukung sebanyak 7,7%, b. Pengetahuan tentang Pemasaran Digital sebanyak 19,2%, c. Ketersediaan panduan pemesanan homestay kepada Wisatawan sebanyak 11,5%, d. Ketersediaan Gambar atau Foto Ilustrasi Homestay sebanyak 50%, e. Ketersediaan Dokumentasi Kunjungan Tamu sebanyak 50%, f. Ketersediaan sarana promosi Homestay sebanyak 19,2%, g. Petunjuk papan informasi tentang ketersediaan Homestay sebanyak 19,2%, h. Ketersediaan catatan Pengunjung Tamu yang Menginap di Homestay sebanyak 61,5% dan i. Informasi wisatawan dari Media Sosial didapat dari 30 responden wisatawan diketahui bahwa 53% wisatawan mengetahui homestay bukan dari media sosial sehingga dapat disimpulkan peran media sosial memiliki peran dalam pengembangan homestay di Desa Terong.
Antibacterial scalarane fromDoriprismatica stellatanudibranchs (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia), egg ribbons, and their dietary spongeSpongiacf.agaricina(Demospongiae, Dictyoceratida)
Authors: Hertzer Cora , Kehraus Stefan , Böhringer Nils , Kaligis Fontje , Bara Robert , Erpenbeck Dirk , Wörheide Gert , Schäberle Till F , Wägele Heike , König Gabriele M
Published: July 2020

Investigations on the biochemical relationship betweenDoriprismatica stellata(Chromodorididae, Doridoidea) nudibranchs, their egg ribbons, and the associated dietary spongeSpongiacf.agaricina(Demospongiae, Porifera) led to the isolation of the structurally new scalarane-type sesterterpene 12-deacetoxy-4-demethyl-11,24-diacetoxy-3,4-methylenedeoxoscalarin, with an unprecedented position of the cyclopropane ring annelated to the ring A. Unlike other scalaranes, which are most often functionalized at C-12 of ring C, it bears two acetoxy groups at C-11 and C-24 instead. The compound was present in all three samples, supporting the dietary relationship between chromodorid nudibranchs of the genusDoriprismaticaand scalarane-containing dictyoceratid sponges of the Spongiidae family. The results also indicate thatD. stellatapasses the scalarane metabolite on to its egg ribbons, most likely for protective purposes. The scalarane showed antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacteriaArthrobacter crystallopoietes(DSM 20117) andBacillus megaterium(DSM 32).
“Seres nada-fantásticos e onde habitam”
Authors: Bolesina Iuri , Gervasoni Tássia Aparecida
Published: July 2020

Em um contexto global já marcado pela desordem e poluição informacional e diante da pandemia do Coronavírus, este texto propõe-se a investigar se a conduta de criar e espalhar desinformação por parte dos trolls, faker, hater e bullies pode configurar (e por quais razões) o abuso de direito, previsto no art. 187, do código civil. Tem-se como hipótese que tais conduta se revestem de pleno potencial para configurar abuso no exercício do direito à liberdade de comunicação por violar a boa-fé, a função social e os bons costumes, ainda que outros requisitos precisem ser constatados. O artigo abordará (i) o cenário de desordem e poluição informacional, (ii) os agentes objeto de estudo (trolls, faker, hater e bullies) e (iii) as desinformações reconhecidas pelo Ministério da Saúde brasileiro. Será empregado o método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo, o método de procedimento monográfico e a técnica de pesquisa de documentação indireta.
MODEL OF TRUST-BASED COOPERATIVE RELATIONSHIPS IN A SUPPLY CHAIN
Authors: Ryciuk Urszula , Nazarko Joanicjusz
Published: July 2020

The study aimed to find factors affecting the development of trust-based cooperative relationships and test the links between them. For this study,
the research framework was based on the notion that a cooperative relationship in a supply chain required commitment, cooperation and trust among the supply chain partners,
with trust as a critical element. The other assumption was that the selection of partners with specific qualities was conducive to building cooperative relationships. The
research was conducted on a sample of 226 companies using the CATI technique. In the study structural equation modelling was used. The obtained results confirmed the positive
impact of partner qualities on trust and adaptation, of adaptation on commitment, of trust on cooperation and commitment, and of commitment on cooperation. New measurement
scales were used that expanded the range of factors that affect the successful building of trust-based cooperative relationships in a supply chain.
RESEARCH ON INVESTMENT RISK INFLUENCE FACTORS OF PREFABRICATED BUILDING PROJECTS
Authors: Li Xiao-Juan
Published: July 2020

Prefabricated construction is an effective and efficient approach to improve construction processes, productivity, quality, and cost-effectiveness.
There are, however, practical problems in this approach, including higher risk levels, and cost and time overruns. This study aims to develop a systematic approach for
determining the key factors that affect investment risk of prefabricated building projects and assess this risk. Based on literature review, a structured questionnaire
was distributed to 210 China-based construction organizations. Relevant evaluation index weights were obtained via questionnaire, and the application of structural
equation modelling led to quantitative evaluation of investment risk in the prefabricated construction industry. The results show that the following systems have the
most influence on investment risk (from high to low): economy, technology, market, management, and policy, and that the investment risk of such projects can be assessed
using structural equation modelling. Relevant measures are presented to guide investment risk evaluation of projects. This study contributes to literature by considering
investment risk influencing factors in this field. Further, the findings can help in understanding the implementation and investment risk control of prefabricated building
projects, while providing valuable information to departments that make decisions on improving investment risk performance of such projects.
Timing the Early Assembly of the Milky Way with the H3 Survey
Authors: Bonaca Ana , Conroy Charlie , Cargile Phillip A. , Naidu Rohan P. , Johnson Benjamin D. , Zaritsky Dennis , Ting Yuan-Sen , Caldwell Nelson , Han Jiwon Jesse , van Dokkum Pieter
Published: July 2020

The archeological record of stars in the Milky Way opens a uniquely detailed window into the early formation and assembly of galaxies. Here we use 11,000 main-sequence turn-off stars with well-measured ages,

,

, and orbits from the H3 Survey and Gaia to time the major events in the early Galaxy. Located beyond the Galactic plane,

, this sample contains three chemically distinct groups: a low-metallicity population, and low-α and high-α groups at higher metallicity. The age and orbit distributions of these populations show that (1) the high-α group, which includes both disk stars and the in situ halo, has a star formation history independent of eccentricity that abruptly truncated 8.3 ± 0.1 Gyr ago (z ≃ 1); (2) the low-metallicity population, which we identify as the accreted stellar halo, is on eccentric orbits and its star formation truncated

Gyr ago (z ≃ 2); (3) the low-α population is primarily on low-eccentricity orbits and the bulk of its stars formed less than 8 Gyr ago. These results suggest a scenario in which the Milky Way accreted a satellite galaxy at z ≈ 2 that merged with the early disk by z ≈ 1. This merger truncated star formation in the early high-α disk and perturbed a fraction of that disk onto halo-like orbits. The merger enabled the formation of a chemically distinct, low-α disk at z ≲ 1. The lack of any stars on halo-like orbits at younger ages indicates that this event was the last significant disturbance to the Milky Way disk.
Efficiency of Language Education at the Language Center of the University of Defence
Authors: Šikolová Mária , Holcner Vladan
Published: July 2020

During the period between 2016 and 2019, the efficiency of language courses was scrutinized by invention methods. In 2019, the language requirements were set to 14 958 positions in the Czech Armed Forces (60.69 %). Out of the given number of positions, the language requirement was met by only 6 414 professional soldiers, i.e. 42.88 %. The results of the language courses vary a lot depending on the required level of language proficiency; the courses designed to prepare the learners for SLP 1111 and SLP 2222 had the success rate around 60 %, however, the success rate of the courses for SLP 3333 was rather lower (38 %). Out of five groups of factors affecting the success rate, the relative significance of 22 factors was assessed. Most of the critically significant factors concerned the organization of language education; some of the critically significant factors were as follows: placement testing, flexibility of the syllabus and familiarization with the exam format and assessment criteria.
How Far is the World to Achieve World Peace and Why?
Authors: Havlík Martin
Published: July 2020

The main goal of this article is to discuss in the context of selected security intentions the world peace as an idealistic phenomenon, which is determined by many factors in the current dynamically changing environment. The intention is not to compare individual philosophical theories, but to provide selected synthetic security indicators that can help measure the state of the security environment. On the basis of these arguments, we can observe a downward trend in the rate represented, also linked to an increase in the activities of terrorist groups and generally transnational threats. The article also highlights the current relatively rigid role of the UN in relation to global peace. The international community and world peace are particularly influenced by the mutual relations and the rivalry of the superpowers. In future conflicts, the transition from the physical form of the battlefield to the imaginary platform, represented mainly by cyber space, will be more evident.
Time to stop the exploitation of free academic labour
Authors: Tennant Jon
Published: July 2020

Commercial publishing houses continue to make unbounded profits while exploiting the free labour of researchers through peer review. If publishers are to be compensated financially for the value that they add within a capitalist system, then so should all others who add value, including reviewers. I propose that peer review should be included as a professional service by research institutes in their contracts with commercial publishers. This would help to recognize the value of peer review, and begin to shape it into a functional form of quality control.
New national and regional Annex I Habitat records: from #13 to #15
Authors: Gianguzzi Lorenzo , Bagella Simonetta , Bazan Giuseppe , Caria Maria Carmela , Cerabolini Bruno Enrico Leone , Dalla Vecchia Alice , Rivieccio Giovanni , Bolpagni Rossano
Published: July 2020

New data on the distribution of the Annex I Habitats 3160, 7210* and 9320 are reported in this contribution. In detail, 24 new occurrences in Natura 2000 Sites are presented and 42 new cells in the EEA 10 km x 10 km Reference grid are added. The new data refer to Italy and in particular to the Administrative Regions Lombardy, Sardinia, and Sicily.
An annotated checklist and integrative biodiversity discovery of barnacles (Crustacea, Cirripedia) from the Moluccas, East Indonesia
Authors: Pitriana Pipit , Valente Luis , von Rintelen Thomas , Jones Diana S. , Prabowo Romanus E. , von Rintelen Kristina
Published: July 2020

To contribute to the taxonomic knowledge of barnacles in this understudied area, the first checklist of barnacles from the Moluccas is presented, including additional information on morphology, distribution, and substrate as well as molecular data. The species of barnacles from the Moluccas have been determined using morphological analysis and DNA sequences. During 19 field trips conducted between January 2016 and September 2017, 1,513 specimens of 24 species of intertidal and one species of deep-sea barnacles were collected from 51 localities from the islands. Morphological and molecular analysis of the collected material detected members of three families of stalked barnacles and four families of acorn barnacles. In addition to sampling in the field, we also surveyed the literature on barnacles from the Moluccas. In total, our checklist comprises 97 species from the Moluccas including 23 new records, two of them yet to be described species. Results suggest that the Moluccas have a much higher diversity of barnacles than previously known, for example, from the reports ofChallengerandSibogaexpeditions. For further work, routine application of molecular systematics could aid the detection of cryptic species, while increased sampling of more islands and a taxonomic revision of several groups would likely lead to an even higher number of species than currently known.
Comment les grandes écoles françaises se sont-elles adaptées au processus d’internationalisation des élites ?
Authors: Stef Jimmy
Published: July 2020

Dans le contexte actuel de l’internationalisation croissante des formations tertiaires, les grandes écoles françaises ont adopté des stratégies proactives pour assurer leur position d’excellence sur un marché international de l’éducation hautement concurrentiel. Ce dernier a redéfini un nouvel ordre social affectant les mécanismes de formation des élites internationales. Comment les grandes écoles se sont-elles adaptées au processus d’internationalisation des élites ? Cet article propose une élaboration catégorielle des stratégies mises en place par les grandes écoles à partir de l’analyse de discours formels et informels de responsables de grands établissements français qui révèlent non seulement des informations « instituantes » liées à des discours officiels et aux positions institutionnelles des répondants, mais également des « inconsistances discursives » des acteurs interrogés, c’est-à-dire les omissions ou sous-entendus qui laissent apparaître des éléments plus singuliers quant aux stratégies des écoles. Quatre stratégies-type interdépendantes ont ainsi émergé des matériaux recueillis : les stratégies d’attraction-captation, les stratégies de promotion, les stratégies de qualité et les stratégies de positions.
Expanding higher education classrooms beyond their walls: Virtual exchange and challenges for professors
Authors: Hernández-Nanclares Núria , Javier Mato Díaz Francisco , Kóris Rita
Published: July 2020

Afin d’évaluer un Echange virtuel international (VE) développé par le partenariat formé entre l’université d’Oviédo en Espagne et l’Université Catholique Pázmány Péter en Hongrie et lancé dans le cadre de l’initiative Erasmus + Virtual Exchange (EVE), les chercheurs ont appliqué une analyse SWOT. Le but de cet article est d’explorer et de discuter des défis rencontrés par les professeurs, avant, pendant et après la mise en œuvre du projet VE. Les analyses individuelles SWOT des professeurs ont été distillés pour identifier les éléments communs présents dans les trois analyses SWOT. Des différences de cours et de programmes d’études entre les deux universités, le rôle des technologies et des compétences numériques, la quantité de ressources consacrées au projet et le soutien institutionnel sont les éléments que tous les professeurs considèrent comme des facteurs essentiels du projet VE. Les résultats de l’analyse SWOT révèlent les tensions suivantes qui devraient être prises en compte pour améliorer le projet lors des prochaines itérations : planification vs. flexibilité ; méthodologie centrée sur l’étudiant vs. engagement et motivation de l’étudiant ; formation aux compétences non techniques vs. développement de contenu ; pluridisciplinarité vs. spécialisation ; utilisation des environnements d’apprentissage virtuel institutionnels vs. outils numériques du web 2.0 ; suivi étroit du travail des étudiants vs. communication libre entre les étudiants.
Les enjeux pour l’industrie française de son approvisionnement en titane : situation actuelle et analyses prospectives
Authors: Louvigné Pierre-François
Published: July 2020

Le titane est un matériau irremplaçable pour de nombreuses applications industriels de haute technologie, telles que l’aéronautique, l’espace, le nucléaire, l’armement, la pétrochimie, le médical, etc. La France, et plus globalement l’Europe, sont dépendantes pour leurs importations de titane en provenance de grandes puissances comme les États-Unis, la Russie ou la Chine, alors que ces mêmes pays sont des concurrents sur les secteurs d’application précités. Dès lors, bâtir une stratégie d’approvisionnement nécessite une bonne connaissance du marché et une analyse dynamique des facteurs de risque liés à la dépendance, en particulier en situation de crise. Pour ces raisons, le titane fait l’objet d’une veille économique et géostratégique, laquelle est soutenue par les grands groupes industriels français et les services de l’État concernés par les problématiques d’accès aux matières premières.
Ambition 2025 : la stratégie du Groupe Orange pour le développement d’un numérique plus sobre énergétiquement et plus économe en ressources et matériaux critiques
Authors: Tuzzolino Philippe
Published: July 2020

Les acteurs du numérique doivent réduire leur empreinte environnementale dans un contexte de croissance des usages de leurs clients et d’urgence climatique. Orange souhaite s’engager sur une trajectoire de réduction des émissions de CO 2 liées à ses activités, conformément à l’objectif de limiter le réchauffement à 1,5°C et en alignement avec les recommandations du GIEC et les Accords de Paris. Cette ambition se traduit par un objectif de réduction de ses émissions absolues de CO 2 en 2025 d’au moins 30 % par rapport à 2015. Cette réduction des émissions se fera principalement pour Orange au travers d’un développement additionnel de l’électricité d’origine renouvelable, avec plus de 50 % visé en 2025. Ces nouveaux objectifs vont s’accompagner d’un plan renforcé sur l’étude des ressources associées à cette politique. Orange ne fabrique rien directement, achetant l’ensemble de ses équipements à des fournisseurs. L’action du Comité stratégique sur l’économie circulaire, qui a été mis en place en 2017 et dont l’un des volets d’intervention porte sur les risques inhérents aux matières premières et aux ressources rares, a été renforcée par l’engagement d’une nouvelle étude de recherche sur les matières critiques pour le Groupe, en lien avec son processus achat et ses relations avec ses fournisseurs.
La politique française des matières premières minérales non énergétiques
Authors: Galin Rémi , Gaillaud Jean-François
Published: July 2020

La dépendance de la France pour les métaux n’est pas nouvelle. Les objectifs d’approvisionnement doivent tenir compte d’une nouvelle donne. La vulnérabilité de nos filières industrielles d’excellence, la multiplication des substances, la pression sur la planète sont autant de nouveaux paramètres qui nécessitent d’inscrire l’approvisionnement en ressources minérales dans un modèle économique plus vertueux, celui de l’économie circulaire. La France s’est dotée d’un cadre stratégique dynamique avec le plan de programmation des ressources. De plus, elle peut s’appuyer sur l’expertise opérationnelle des Comités stratégiques de filières du CNI, notamment celui de la filière Mines et métallurgie. La mobilisation de l’échelon européen, de nos acteurs du domaine minier, et de ceux de la métallurgie et de l’innovation doit nous permettre de concrétiser des projets industriels à partir des ressources primaires ou secondaires de notre territoire ou en collaboration avec des opérateurs partageant les mêmes valeurs que nous.
Uncertainty‐driven cooperation
Authors: Cetemen Doruk , Hwang Ilwoo , Kaya Ayça
Published: July 2020

We consider dynamic team production in the presence of uncertainty. Team members receive interim feedback that depends on both their current effort level and the project's uncertain prospects. In this environment, each member can encourage the others by making them more optimistic about the project's prospects. We study the extent to which this incentive counters the usual free‐riding incentive. Restricting the agents' access to feedback can increase their equilibrium effort levels by mitigating the ratchet effect. In this case, using joint performance measures can be beneficial even when individual measures are available.
Optimal dynamic matching
Authors: Baccara Mariagiovanna , Lee SangMok , Yariv Leeat
Published: July 2020

We study a dynamic matching environment where individuals arrive sequentially. There is a trade‐off between waiting for a thicker market, allowing for higher‐quality matches, and minimizing agents' waiting costs. The optimal mechanism cumulates a stock of incongruent pairs up to a threshold and matches all others in an assortative fashion instantaneously. In discretionary settings, a similar protocol ensues in equilibrium, but expected queues are inefficiently long. We quantify the welfare gain from centralization, which can be substantial, even for low waiting costs. We also evaluate welfare improvements generated by alternative priority protocols.
Externalisation, internalisation ou réinternalisation ? Le cas de l’administration régionale bruxelloise
Authors: d’Estmael Jonathan de Wilde , Dermine Elise , Deschacht Nick , Dotti Nicola Francesco , Huegaerts Kelly , Janssens Barbara , Trionfetti Maria Cecilia , Vanroelen Christophe
Published: July 2020

À partir des années 1980, les entreprises et les administrations publiques ont eu tendance à externaliser des tâches, notamment les services informatiques, de sécurité, de restauration et de nettoyage, afin de se concentrer sur leurs activités principales. Cependant, ces dernières années, de nombreuses organisations ont inversé cette tendance en internalisant ou réinternalisant (« backsourcing ») certaines des tâches en question. Le présent article vise à examiner le degré d’externalisation des activités dans les administrations régionales bruxelloises, l’incidence du phénomène sur les travailleurs et les organismes concernés, ainsi que le regard porté par les parties prenantes sur l’éventualité d’une réinternalisation d’emplois peu qualifiés. Nos constatations, qui s’appuient sur un projet pluridisciplinaire mené par le BSI pour talent.brussels, font apparaître que les décisions en matière d’externalisation et d’internalisation sont complexes et multidimensionnelles, et ne devraient pas se fonder uniquement sur des considérations pécuniaires.
Usages et mésusages de la bibliométrie en économie
Authors: Audier Florence
Published: July 2020

La place qu’occupe la bibliométrie en économie, aussi bien que le rôle dévolu aux revues états-uniennes dans la hiérarchie des publications qui servent à étayer l’évaluation des chercheurs et celle de leurs équipes, invite à prendre au sérieux l’usage qu’en font les économistes en France. D’où la double question : qui publie où, et avec qui ? L’investigation porte sur les auteurs de l’intégralité des articles parus durant quatre années (de 2015 à 2018) dans les six revues de rang 1* (les excellentes) figurant dans la liste des revues du CoNRS, ainsi que sur les auteurs de l’intégralité des articles publiés en 2015 par les 56 revues classées « 1 ». Au terme de l’enquête, il est clair que les économistes français ne publient (quasiment) pas dans les revues qu’ils ont pourtant eux-mêmes désignées comme des cibles à atteindre, et recommandées comme critères d’excellence. Pour éclairer cette situation a priori paradoxale, compte-tenu des enjeux que représentent les évaluations individuelles et collectives, il nous faut revenir sur la genèse d’une telle situation, et sur ses conséquences.
Massless configuration and its physical effect
Authors: Wang Tong
Published: July 2020

Following up previous discussions, suggestions, and insights about negative mass by other authors, this article further elaborates on systems of combined mass and negative mass. These configurations can be massless and stationary. The external physical effects of such systems are analyzed
in detail. Some surprising results arise within the frameworks of Newtonian mechanics and electromagnetism.
De Broglie waves, the Schrödinger equation, and relativity. I. Exclusion of the rest mass energy in the dispersion relation
Authors: Sato Masanori
Published: July 2020

The difference between de Broglie waves and the Schrödinger equation is the rest mass. The dispersion relation of de Broglie waves includes the rest mass, but the Schrödinger equation does not. Synchrotron radiation is when de Broglie waves shake off virtual photons and emit
real photons. It also shows that synchrotron radiation is not compatible with relativity.
Simulation of Hip Joint Implants Using Finite Element Method with Time and Load Variations
Authors: Putra Agus Dwi , Andoko Andoko , Wulandari Retno , Kurniawan Galih Adhi
Published: July 2020

This research aimed to analyze the results of a hip joint implant made from Mg alloy using experimental and simulation methods with Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The experimental method’s target was to observe the microstructure, crystallite size, and magnesium alloy chemical composition. The simulation method was designed to analyze the total deformation, maximum principal stress, and maximum shear stress with time and load variations. This research used SEM, XRD, and XRF instruments to obtain the above data whereas FEA simulation used the ANSYS software. The simulation was conducted through walking, jumping, and walking down the stairs activities for 0–4.5 seconds. The SEM results showed that Mg alloy powder had an irregular shape or non-uniform particles with cracks or porous. The XRD results indicated that the crystallite size was 0.516 x 10-4 nm. Then, the XRF results presented that Mg alloy powder had 11% Mg, 61.17% Ca, and 5.73% Zn. FEA results showed that the hip joint implant had a total deformation of 0.38 nm in walking activity, 0.82 nm in jumping activity, and 0.90 nm in walking down the stairs activity. The maximum shear strains were125.98 MPa in walking, 264 MPa in jumping, and 291 MPa in walking down the stairs. The maximum principal stress in walking activity was 192.76 MPa, in jumping was 397.48 MPa, and in walking down the stairs was 438.85 MPa.
Thermogravimetric Study on the Thermal Characteristics of Tetraselmis chuii Microalgae Pyrolysis in the Presence of Titanium dioxide
Authors: Sukarni Sukarni , Widiono Aloon Eko , Wulandari Retno , Prasetiyo Ardianto , Puspitasari Poppy
Published: July 2020

This study aims to analyze the thermal characteristics of Tetraselmis chuii (T.Chuii) microalgae in the presence of TiO2 (Titanium dioxide). The experiment was carried out on thermal analyzer equipment under inert condition. The blended sample has a mass ratio of microalgae and TiO2 that was 10:0.03 (wt%). The results of the thermal analysis show that the addition of TiO2 can change the temperature characteristics during the reaction process. The Coats-Redfern method is applied to calculate activation energy (Ea) resulted in the value of the blended fuel in the second stage that was 56.9 kJ/mol lower than that of pure microalgae that was 70.68 kJ/mol and conversely in the third stage the value of activation energy for blended fuel was 264.57 kJ/mol higher than pure microalgae that was 223.25 kJ/mol. Overall results pointed out that TiO2 had a significant impact on the thermal characteristic of Tetraselmis chuii during the pyrolysis process.
Activation of Zeolite from Malang as Catalyst for Plastic Waste Conversion to Fuel
Authors: Santoso Aman , Sumari Ida Bagus S. , Safitri Novia Nina , Wijaya Anugrah Ricky , Putri Daratu Eviana
Published: July 2020

Plastic pollution is an environmental problem that has not resolved until now. Pyrolysis is able to be a solution to reduce plastic waste. The use of catalysts will reduce heating temperatures, speed up processing time, and increase product yield. Natural zeolite has the potency as a catalyst in pyrolysis process due to its micropore structure, high acidity and thermal stability. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of active zeolite catalyst on the polypropylene pyrolysis. The main process of this study is pyrolysis of polypropylene (PP) plastic waste without catalysts and with natural zeolite catalysts which were non-activated and activated. Natural zeolites were activated by HF, HCl and NH4Cl. The well result of this research is represented by the yield, viscosity, calorific value, FTIR and GC-MS analysis. Based on the results of diffractogram analysis, natural zeolites catalyst in this study is included in modernite minerals crystalline. The ratio of Si/Al in zeolite before activation was 7.07 and the acidity was 0.697 g/mmol. After the activation process, the ratio of Si/Al and zeolite acidity increased by 62.181% and 43.84%. The use of active natural zeolite catalysts in pyrolysis PP could reduce the total reaction time by 57.14%. Pyrolysis products with active zeolite catalyst compared to without catalysts had clearer color and higher heating value, compared to pirolysis without catalyst. Based on function group analysis with FTIR, the mixture of hydrolyzed compounds containing successive functional groups are-C-H (alkanes), double bond of C=C, hydroxyl-OH group which can be determined as phenol (ArOH), alcohol (ROH), and carboxylic acid (RCOOH). The GC-MS analysis showed that pyrolysis products are composed of a mixture of alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, carboxylic acids with aromatic rings, and ketones. The pyrolysis products without catalysts consist of 5-11 (C5-C11) carbon atoms, whereas the range of carbon atoms of pyrolysis products with active zeolite catalysts was 6-24 (C6-C24).
Effect of Additional MnFe2O4 on a Combination of EG-Water Nanofluid and Volumetric Flowrate Variations towards Heat Transfer in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger System
Authors: Permanasari Avita Ayu , Fadillah Fadel , Puspitasari Poppy , Sukarni Sukarni
Published: July 2020

Nanofluid is an efficient fluid when used in heat exchanger system because of its larger thermal conductivity compared to conventional fluids such as water, oil, and ethylene glycol (EG). This research used MnFe2O4 nanoparticle due to its higher magnetic sensitivity compared to other ferrite nanoparticles and larger thermal conductivity than TiO2. This research used the MnFe2O4 nanoparticle with a combination of EG-Water base fluids in ratios of 40:60, 60:40, and 80:20. MnFe2O4 nanofluid mixed with EG-Water base fluids was made using the two-step method with 0.05% MnFe2O4 volume fraction in each base fluid ratio. This research used shell and tube type heat exchanger with heat temperature of 60°C and cold temperature of 26°C that were carried out at volumetric flowrate in each base fluid ratio for 0.22 l/m, 0.44 l/m, and 0.66 l/m. This research aimed to find the best combination ratio of EG-Water in thermophysical (thermal conductivity, specific heat, density, and viscosity) and to find the effect of volumetric flowrate variations on the heat exchange characteristics (the Reynold number, the Nusselt number, ∆T LMTD, convection coefficient, heat transfer, and overall heat transfer coefficient). The results of this research were that the sample of EG-Water with 40:60 ratio had the best heat transfer characteristics compared to samples with 60:40 and 80:20 ratios. Meanwhile, for the volumetric flow rate, a higher volumetric flow rate resulted in a larger result.
The Effect of Addition of Waste Materials on Nitrile Butadiene Rubber to the Mechanical Properties of Roller Rubber
Authors: Setyarini Putu Hadi , Purnomo Purnomo , Sulistyarini Dwi Hadi , Asfia Aski
Published: July 2020

This research aims to determine the effect of adding filler material in the form of waste material on Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) in making roller rubber to improve quality in terms of hardness and tensile strength. Each rubber roller compound is made from a mixture of NBR with rice husk, recycled rubber and wood charcoal. The process of making NBR and NBR with the addition of alloys is done with two roll open mixers at a certain temperature and time accompanied by the addition of certain additives. Furthermore, the compound is pressed using Hydrosan and then cut according to the standard test to be performed. The process ends by placing the material in an environment with a certain humidity level for 24 hours. Tests carried out include the test of hardness by using Shore A Durometer and Universal testing machines to test the strength of tensile strength. The test results show that the addition of recycled rubber can increase hardness by 30% when compared to NBR without the addition of filler. While the value of tensile strength for NBR and recycled rubber alloys is much higher.
Effect of Alkalization on the Bacterial Cellulose Film Structure Produced Using the Pineapple Waste
Authors: Muhajir Muhamad , Suryanto Heru , Larasati Aisyah
Published: July 2020

Bacterial cellulose is natural polymers materials produced by Acetobacter xylinum with attractive physical properties because they are ordinary and uniform in structure. An alternative of cellulose from renewable source with more effective results to produce bacterial cellulose fibers. For this reason, the purpose of this paper is to show the effect of alkalization process on the bacterial cellulose film structure. The methods were the synthesis of bacterial cellulose using the extracts of pineapple waste. The pellicle product was treated using in the concentration of 0%, 1%, 5% and 10% then bacterial fiber films obtained from drying process of treated pellicle. Furthermore, the XRD and FTIR of bacterial cellulose were observed. The results of the structure of bacterial cellulose film was changed after a process in a high concentration of NaOH.
Preparation of Activated Carbon Derived from Water Hyacinth as Electrode Active Material for Li-Ion Supercapacitor
Authors: Paduraksa Jagad , Luthfi Muhammad , Verdianto Ariono , Subhan Achmad , Widayatno Wahyu Bambang , Prihandoko Bambang , Kartini Evvy , Hudaya Chairul
Published: July 2020

Lithium-Ion Capacitor (LIC) has shown promising performance to meet the needs of high energy and power-density-energy storage system in the era of electric vehicles nowadays. The development of electrode materials and electrolytes in recent years has improvised LIC performance significantly. One of the active materials of LIC electrodes, activated carbon (AC), can be synthesized from various biomass, one of which is the water hyacinth. Its abundant availability and low utilization make the water hyacinth as a promising activated carbon source. To observe the most optimal physical properties of AC, this study also compares various activation temperatures. In this study, full cell LIC was fabricated using LTO based anode, and water hyacinth derived AC as the cathode. The LIC full cell was further characterized to see the material properties and electrochemical performance. Water hyacinth derived LIC can achieve a specific capacitance of 32.11 F/g, the specific energy of 17.83 Wh/kg, and a specific power of 160.53 W/kg.
The Coating of Bovine-Source Hydroxyapatite on Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) Using Electrophoretic Deposition for Biomedical Application
Authors: Juliadmi Dian , Nuswantoro Nuzul Ficky , Fajri Hidayatul , Indriyani Irma Yulia , Affi Jon , Manjas Menkher , Tjong Djong Hon , Gunawarman Gunawarman
Published: July 2020

Research about the utilization of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) as implant material in the treatment of orthopedic cases had been increasing. Health problems appear due to the drawbacks of using titanium. The lack of titanium using is bio-inertness characteristic, which decreasing its bioactivity and results in low bone growth and effect for implant failure. The titanium can be modified with coating on the surface using a bioactive substance that is natural-source hydroxyapatite. Bovine-source hydroxyapatite (bovineHA) contains apatite component that is similar to human bone apatite. The coating process was carried out using particle size variation (25 μm, 63 μm, and 125 μm) of bovineHA. The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method was applied to coat hydroxyapatite with 10 volt for 5 minutes onto the titanium surface. The result showed that different size particles have an effect on coating properties. The coating composed by particle-sized 25 μm has better surface coverage (95.89%), indicating more particle mass (particle weight 6.97x103 μg) attached to surface material, thus resulting thick coating. The good coating characteristic using bovine-source hydroxyapatite with small particle size was expected can be used in biomedical applications due to fulfill the prerequisite of the bone implant.
The Effect of Rhodamine B on the Cerebellum and Brainstem Tissue of Rattus Norvegicus
Authors: Sulistina Dewi Ratna , Martini Santi
Published: July 2020

Background

Rhodamine B is a component of xenobiotic substance metabolized by cytochrome P450 in the body to produce free radicals, which affects the activity of Superoxidase Dismutase (SOD), thereby, leading to oxidative stress, injury, increase in cell apoptosis and brainstem. This study aims to determine the effect of Rhodamine B on BAX and BCL-2 in the cerebellum and brainstem tissue of Rattus norvegicus.

Design and methods

The True Experimental Design was used to carry out a post-test examination on the control group of twenty-eight Wistar female Rattus norvegicus mice between the ages of 10-12 weeks. Then, samples were categorized into 4 groups in body weight doses of 4.5 mg/200g, 9 mg/200g, and 18 mg/200g. They were administrated with Rhodamine B personde for 36 days.

Results

The results showed that Rhodamine B had a direct and indirect effect on BAX and BCL-2 expressions, respectively, in the cerebellum tissue and wistar strain of Rattus norvegicus. In addition, the positive path coefficient of BAX expression has a positive effect on BCL-2. This means that an increase in BAX has a direct impact on decreasing BCL-2 expression in cerebellum tissue and brainstem of Rattus norvegicus wistar strain along with an increased dose of Rhodamine B.

Conclusions

In conclusion, Rhodamine B tends to increase BAX expression which directly decreases BCL-2 in Cerebellum tissue and Brainstem in Rattus norvegicus along with increasing doses.
Management of Hepatitis C in the Older Adult
Authors: Chahine Elias B. , Guirguis Erenie H. , Derrick Caroline B.
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE: To provide a review of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis C with an emphasis on older adults. DATA SOURCES: PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for relevant literature using a combination
of the following terms: hepatitis C, epidemiology, hepatitis C virus (HCV), diagnosis, treatment, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), and older adults. In addition, websites of the hepatitis C guidelines, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and manufacturers of DAAs were also reviewed
for relevant information. (The authors reviewed the literature through May 2019. STUDY SELECTION/DATA EXTRACTION: The key resources reviewed were the CDC website, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases/Infectious Diseases Society of America hepatitis C guidelines, prescribing
information of DAAs, and pivotal clinical trials of DAAs. DATA SYNTHESIS: Hepatitis C disproportionately affects baby boomers and people who inject drugs (PWID). CDC recommends screening adults born from 1945 to 1965 and high-risk patients for the presence of hepatitis C antibody.
The goal of therapy is to achieve sustained virologic response, defined as undetectable HCV ribonucleic acid 12 weeks after treatment completion. Treatment for those who are treatment-naive with or without compensated cirrhosis consists of administration of DAAs orally for 8 to 12 weeks. Regimen
selection depends on HCV genotype, presence or absence of cirrhosis, comorbid conditions, and concurrent medications. Currently recommended DAAs are highly effective, well tolerated, and can be associated with significant drug interactions particularly in older adults. Access to DAAs remains
an obstacle for many patients. CONCLUSION: Hepatitis C is common among baby boomers and PWID. Screening is recommended in these patient populations. Treatment with DAAs is curative and well tolerated.
Polypharmacy as a Clinical Pharmacist Specialist Practice
Authors: Schuh Michael J. , Crosby Sheena
Published: July 2020

The objective of this manuscript is to review an ambulatory care pharmacist service that evolved into a pharmacotherapy, polypharmacy service with multiple submodels. The practice is located in a multispecialty, tertiary care, destination medical clinic in Florida. Ambulatory care pharmacist
services have evolved to demand expertise in multiple, specialized areas to address the more complex medical issues of the polypharmacy patient. Many of these patients are older than 65 years of age, with broad medical care needs. A number of changes have led to the need for these expanded
services: the growth and diversification of pharmacists' ambulatory care services, the multitude of sophisticated medications, the continued direct-to-consumer commercialization, the growth of dietary supplements, and the implementation of pharmacogenomic testing, In addition, new advances
in clinical and laboratory technologies make polypharmacy a viable pharmacist clinical specialty. With the broad knowledge base needed for these patients, a polypharmacy pharmacist may function as a pharmacology troubleshooter expert.
Numerical Study of the Maximum Impact on Engine Efficiency When Insulating the Engine Exhaust Manifold and Ports during Steady and Transient Conditions
Authors: Broatch Alberto , Olmeda Pablo , Martin Jaime , Dreif Amin
Published: July 2020

In the present work, a study about the impact on engine performance, fuel consumption and turbine inlet and outlet temperatures with the addition of thermal insulation to the exhaust ports, manifold and pipes before the turbocharger of a 1.6L Diesel engine is presented. First, a 0D/1D model of the engine was developed and thoroughly validated by means of an extensive testing campaign. The validation was performed by means of steady state and transient running conditions and in two different room temperatures: 20°C and -7°C. Once the validation was complete, in order to evaluate the maximum gain by means of insulating materials, the exhaust air path before the turbine was simulated as adiabatic. Results showed that the thermal insulation proved to have a great potential in regard to T4 increase that would lead to a reduction of the warm up time of the aftertreatment systems. However, its impact on engine efficiency was limited in both steady and transient conditions.