bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐8: Depth‐Map‐Based Multi‐View Synthesis Using Joint Bilateral Upsampling on GPUs
Authors: Wu Meng‐Sung , Chuang Yung‐Yu , Liu Yen‐Tzu , Hu Cheng‐Chung
Published: October 2010

Stereoscopic displays have become more and more common. A popular method for synthesizing 3D content is depth‐image‐based rendering, in which multi‐view images are synthesized from a color frame and an accompanying depth map. However, when the image resolution increases, it is expensive to use a full‐resolution depth map because its high storage cost and decoding overhead. In addition, since the depth map is often smooth, it is often not necessary to store the full‐resolution depth map. This paper uses a low‐resolution depth map and increases its resolution at run time using joint bilateral upsampling on GPUs. By doing so, we are able to display high‐resolution stereoscopic videos on an autostereoscopic display.
P‐12: Depth Super‐resolution for Enhanced Free‐viewpoint TV
Authors: Lim Ilsoon , Wey Hocheon , Park Dusik
Published: October 2010

Depth maps are used in many applications, e.g. 3D television, 3D computer graphics, etc. Often, depth maps are available at a lower resolution compared to the corresponding color images. for these applications, depth maps must be scaled up to the color image resolution. We present a super‐resolution method of depth maps. The proposed method is based on the observation that significant transitions in depth intensity influence the overall quality of synthesized virtual view. In order to preserve the object boundary in depth map, we modify the interpolation weights according to object boundary. This method can improve the accuracy in depth maps for the synthesis of the virtual view. Evaluation using MPEG multi‐view videos shows significant enhancement of depth quality and synthesized video quality.
P‐13: Using Low Temperature Poly‐Silicon Thin Film Transistor as Oblique Light Sensors for 3D Interaction Display
Authors: Kuo Yan‐Fu , Lin Chih‐Jung , Chou Lu‐Sheng , Tai Ya‐Hsiang
Published: October 2010

A three dimensional embedded optical sensor employs low temperature poly‐Silicon thin film transistor which used gate metal shielding by itself characteristics was proposed. This system provides sensing disparity characteristics of adopted devices under illumination. It's expected the integration of sensing system onto the panel without extra components sensors.
P‐16: A Novel Shift Register for Driving AMOLED Display
Authors: Liu Chun‐Yen , Wu Chia‐Lin , Wu Yuan‐Chun , Chang Lee‐Hsun , Lin Yu‐Hsin
Published: October 2010

We have fabricated 2.4in‐QVGA (240×320) AMOLED with 6T1C (six transistors one capacitor) Vth compensation circuit. In order to operate this pixel compensation circuit, a novel Vertical Shift Register (VSR) with the output of double‐pulse‐width and triple‐pulse‐width was investigated by using CMOS low temperature poly‐Si (LTPS) TFTs. This new VSR circuit was verified by simulation and measurement. The power consumption of the new VSR is about 1.8mW. The CR (contrast ratio) of 2.4in‐QVGA was improved by using the driving timing of triple‐pulse‐width.
P‐17: Amorphous ZTO/ITO Stacked‐Channel TFTs with Field Effect Mobility over 50 cm2/Vs and Resistant to Channel Thickness Dispersion
Authors: Wakana Hironori , Kawamura Tetsufumi , Fujii Kuniharu , Uchiyama Hiroyuki , Hatano Mutsuko
Published: October 2010

We have developed bottom‐gate amorphous‐oxide TFTs with ZTO/ITO channel layers. The fabricated ZTO/ITO‐TFTs demonstrated that threshold voltage (Vth) dispersion for TFTs with channel thickness dispersion was smaller one order of magnitude than that of conventional TFTs. Afield effect mobility of 52 cm2/Vs was obtained.
P‐19: The Innovative Solution for Image Defects in Non‐Rectangularly Shaped TFT‐LCDs
Authors: Lin Yung‐Sheng , Lin FY , Liu Vincent , Chan CM , Hung Owen , Yang Chiulien
Published: October 2010

A round shape TFT‐LCD was made successfully that provides a new viewpoint on display that doesn't need to be rectangular. An unavoidable broader fanout area results in around mura and horizontal crosstalk which can be solved by design the route of sealant.
P‐20: An Efficient Method for Improving the Negative‐Bias‐Temperature‐Stress (NBTS) Stability of Amorphous In‐Ga‐Zn‐O TFT
Authors: Wu Chen‐Yi , Lin Chi‐Jui , Huang Chun‐Yao , Chen Hsin‐Li , Kao Yih‐Chyun , Hung Ming‐Chin , Lin Wei‐Ting , Chang Jiun‐Jye , Chen Po‐Lun , Chen Chien Hung
Published: October 2010

An efficient method of preparing a α‐IGZO TFT with better negative‐bias‐temperature‐stress (NBTS) stability is presented. When the α ‐IGZO TFT is used as the switch of a pixel, it suffers a long time NBTS. The NBTS of α ‐IGZO TFT would cause the Vth shift toward negative value, and thus increase the leakage current which leads to the pixel voltage drop when pixel is holding. In this work, some post‐IGZO plasma treatments methods are studied for the optimized NBTS stability process. with N2O plasma treatment being employed, the α ‐IGZO TFT shows excellent NBTS stability.
P‐22: Memory Effects of Solution‐processed Oxide Thin‐Film Transistor using ZnO Nanoparticles
Authors: Bae Jung Hyeon , Kim Gun Hee , Jeong Woong Hee , Kim Hyun Jae
Published: October 2010

In this study, we report the study on the non‐volatile memory effects of all solution‐processed oxide thin film transistor (TFT) with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) as the charge trapping layer. The transfer characteristics of the device showed a large clockwise hysteresis which can be used to demonstrate its memory function, due to electron trapping in the ZnO NPs charge‐trapping layer.
P‐23: Solution‐processed Amorphous Lanthanum Indium Zinc Oxide Thin‐film Transistors
Authors: Kim Doo Na , Kim Dong Lim , Kim Gun Hee , Kim Si Joon , Kim Hyun Jae
Published: October 2010

In this work, we introduce a solution‐processed amorphous lanthanum indium zinc oxide (LIZO) TFT. From the characteristic variation of LIZO films according to La atomic percentage, it was confirmed that additive La atoms suppress the carrier generation by reducing oxygen vacancies. LIZO TFT was optimized at La 5% and its channel mobility, threshold voltage, s‐factor, and on‐off ratio were 2.64 cm2/Vs, 7.86 V, 0.6 V/dec, and ∼106, respectively. From these results, as substitution material of gallium in IGZO, lanthanum can be used for one of the candidates of carrier controller in IZO system.
P‐24: Self‐Aligned Metal Double‐Gate Low‐Temperature Poly‐Si TFTs on Glass Substrates
Authors: Hara Akito , Sato Tadashi , Sato Yasuyuki , Okuda Kenichi , Hirose Kenta , Kitahara Kuninori
Published: October 2010

Self‐aligned top and bottom metal double‐gate n‐ and p‐ch low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon thin‐film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated at 550°C on a glass substrate; nominal field‐effect mobility of the TFTs was 635 cm2/Vs and 150 cm2/Vs for n‐and p‐ch, respectively, and the s‐value of both TFTs was 130 mV/dec.
P‐25: New Polymer‐Capped a‐IGZO TFT with High Sensitivity to Visible Light for the Development of Integrated Touch Sensor Array
Authors: Zan Hsiao‐Wen , Hsueh Hsiu‐Wen , Kao Shih‐Chin , Chen Wei‐Tsung , Ku Ming‐Che , Tsai Wu‐Wei , Tsai Chuang‐Chuang , Meng Hsin‐Fei
Published: October 2010

We deposit a polymer layer (P3HT) on top of a‐IGZO thin‐film transistor (TFT) to absorbed visible light. Under white light, photoresponsivity of P3HT‐capped device is about 30 times of that of standard device. These results are important for the development ofin‐cell integrated touch sensor in a ‐IGZO TFT array.
P‐26: Self‐aligned Top‐gate ZnO Thin Film Transistor with Novel Al2O3/SiO2 Gate Insulator Structure
Authors: Chen Rongsheng , Zhao Shuyun , Zhou Wei , Kwok Hoi Sing
Published: October 2010

A novel Al2O3/SiO2 gate insulator structure is developed for realizing a high performance self‐aligned top‐gate ZnO thin film transistor. After the sputtering of ZnO thin film, an Al2O3 protective layer is sputtered immediately on top of the ZnO layer in the same sputtering chamber without breaking the vacuum, which protects the surface of ZnO active layer from exposing to air or solution in the later process. with minimized charge trapping at the interface between the channel layer and the gate dielectric, the resulting transistor exhibits afield effect mobility of 27 cm2/Vs, a threshold voltage of 1.2 V, a subthreshold swing of 0.25 V/decade and an on/off current ratio of 106. Good short channel characteristics are also obtained with a small shift of the threshold voltages and no degradation of subthreshold swing.
P‐30: Single Cell Gap Wide‐View Transflective LCD using Twist Fringe‐Field Switch Mode
Authors: Huang Kun‐Tsai , Hung Yu‐Wen , Chen Kaey , Huang Liang‐Liang , Yu Chia‐Hau
Published: October 2010

A novel single cell‐gap transflective liquid crystal display (LCD) with FFS mode has been proposed. The transmissive region is homogeneous aligned. And reflective region is partial twisted and tilted to reach single gap design. In addition, the VT and VR curve is similar by optima pixel width, space and tilt angle in R‐region.
P‐31: A New Threshold Voltage Compensation Technique of Poly‐Si TFTs for AMOLED Display Pixel Circuit
Authors: Pappas Ilias , Siskos Stylianos , Dimitriadis Charalambos
Published: October 2010

A new threshold voltage compensation technique of polycrystalline silicon thin‐film transistors (poly‐Si TFTs) for Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode (AMOLED) displays pixel circuits is presented. The new technique was applied on the conventional 2‐transistors‐1‐capacitor (2T1C) pixel circuit and a new voltage‐programmed pixel circuit (VPPC) is proposed. Theoretically, the proposed pixel is the fastest pixel with threshold voltage compensation reported in the literature since the new compression technique is implemented with a static circuit block which does not affect the response time of the conventional 2T1C pixel circuit. Furthermore, the new pixel exhibits all the other advantages of the 2T1C pixel, like the simplicity of the peripheral drivers and improves other characteristics like its behavior in the temperature variations. The verification of the proposed pixel is made through simulations with HSpice. In order to obtain realistic simulations, device parameters were extracted from fabricated LT poly‐Si TFTs.
P‐32: A New Driving Pixel Circuit to Alleviate AMOLED Degradation
Authors: Lee Kuei‐Yu , Chang Jui‐Hsin , Chao Paul C.‐P. , Chen Fang‐Chung
Published: October 2010

This study proposes a new driving pixel circuit in an active matrix organic light‐emitting diode (AMOLED). It is designed to decrease current density and supply the operation of negative bias stress for alleviating OLED degradation, while is capable of improving threshold voltage (Vth) shift of thin film transistors (TFTs) by current‐mode compensation circuit.
P‐34: Influences of Channel Deposition Conditions on Characteristics of Bottom‐Gate Oxide TFTs Adopting In‐Free Zinc‐Tin Oxides
Authors: Wu Cheng‐Han , Chien Chih‐Wei , Lin Shiuan‐Iou , Liao Chia‐Hsin , Kung Yen‐Cheng , Wu Chung‐Chih , Hsiao Chung‐Chin , Hung Ming‐Chin , Chen Po‐Lun , Lien Alan
Published: October 2010

Bottom‐gate Zinc‐Tin oxide (ZTO, ZnO: SnO2) thin film transistors were fabricated on glass substrates with fully photolithographic/etching processes and with completed passivation. The TFTs exhibit a field‐effect mobility of up to 12.1 cm2/V‐s and an on/off ratio of >107.
P‐35: 5‐Mask PMOS TFT Process Architecture for Large Size AMOLEDs
Authors: Choi JoonHoo , You Chungi , Choi Jonghyun , Cho Kyusik , Kwon Dohyun , Kim Hye Dong , Kim Sang Soo
Published: October 2010

A 5‐mask TFT process architecture has been developed for AMOLED backplanes. The new process has 3 less photo mask steps compared to a normal 8‐mask LTPS process architecture. When compared to a TV display based on the conventional process, the 5‐mask process resulted in a 14‐inch AMOLED display with picture quality of nearly identical performance. for reduction of the photo mask count, an IOS capacitor structure was designed as a storage capacitor, for which no additional photo mask is needed. C‐V behavior of the IOS capacitor was similar to that of an MIM C‐V plot over the range of 1kHz to 1MHz. Both the integrated scan circuit and 6T‐1C Vth compensation circuits have been verified to work well. A low‐resistance metal bus line was also developed in order to be able to drive a 55‐inch FHD AMOLED at 240Hz. It is expected that these developments will enable cost‐competitive large sized AMOLED TV in the future
P‐37: Room Temperature Top‐Gate Self‐Aligned Amorphous InGaZnO TFTs Fabricated on Colorless Polyimide Substrate
Authors: Yeh Yung‐Hui , Cheng Chun‐Cheng , Lin Chang‐Yu , Ho Geng‐Tai , Yu Ming‐Jiue , Lai Benjamin Chih‐Ming , Leu Chyi‐Ming
Published: October 2010

Room temperature top‐gate self‐aligned amorphous InGaZnO TFTs were successfully fabricated on colorless polyimide plastic substrates for the first time. All these thin films were deposited by sputtering system at room temperature. The maximum field‐effect mobility is 48.5 cm2/V‐s, the subthreshold swing is 0.1 V/decade, and the threshold voltage is −1V.
P‐38: Unique Electrical Measurement Technology for Compensation, Inspection, and Process Diagnostics of AMOLED HDTV
Authors: Alexander Stefan , Chaji G. Reza , Dionne J. Marcel , Church Corbin , Hamer John , Nathan Arokia
Published: October 2010

A unique measurement and compensation technology for AMOLED high definition television is presented. The technique electrically measures every TFT and OLED in the backplane, useful for inspection and diagnostics in the factory, and subsequent compensation of mura, TFT‐ and OLED‐degradation.
P‐41: Investigation of the Photon‐Enhanced Bias Instability of InGaZnO TFTs for the Application of Transparent AM‐OLED Displays
Authors: Ryu Min Ki , Park Sang‐Hee Ko , Yang Shin Hyuk , Byun Chun‐Won , Kwon Oh‐Sang , Park Eun‐Suk , Cho Kyoung Ik , Hwang Chi‐Sun
Published: October 2010

We investigated the effect of the light‐induced bias instability of indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide(IGZO) thin film transistors. The IGZO TFT exhibited the excellent subthreshold gate swing of 0.12V/decade, Vth of −0.5V, and high Ion/off ratio of >109 as well as a high field‐effect mobility of 26.7 cm2/Vs. The Vth is not changed after positive bias illumination stress (PBIS) for 10000sec. However, the Vth is −8V after negative bias illumination stress (NBIS)for 10000sec. This phenomenon can be attributed the trapping of the photon‐induced charges into the gate dielectric/active interface. We fabricated transparent AM‐OLED driven by highly stable bottom gate IGZO TFT array
P‐203L: Late‐News Poster: Analysis on AC Stress‐Induced Degradation Mechanism of Amorphous Indium‐Gallium‐Zinc‐Oxide Thin Film Transistor Inverters
Authors: Kim Sungchul , Jeon Yong Woo , Lee Sangwon , Kim Dong Myong , Kim Dae Hwan , Kim Sang Wook , Kim Sun Il , Park Jaechul , Chung U‐In , Kim Chang‐Jung
Published: October 2010

The degradation mechanism of a‐IGZO TFT‐based inverter is investigated under the toggled AC biased input (VIN), with a direct evidence of subgap density of states (DOS). The AC stress‐induced threshold voltage shift (ΔVT) of driver TFT is observed to be smaller than that of load TFT, which results in the VOH degradation during AC stress. The dominant mechanism of the toggled VIN stress‐induced ΔVT of driver TFT in a‐IGZO inverter is the increase of subgap DOS deep stats, whereas the ΔVT of load TFT during inverter operation is attributed to the electron trapping into the interface and/or a‐IGZO thin film.
P‐204L:Late‐News Poster: Subgap Density of States‐Based Amorphous Oxide Thin Film Transistor Simulator (DAOTS) for Process Optimization and Circuit Design
Authors: Jeon Yong Woo , Kim Sungchul , Lee Sangwon , Kim Dong Myong , Kim Dae Hwan , Kim Sun Il , Kim Sang Wook , Park Jae Chul , Chung U‐In , Kim Chang‐Jung , Lee Je‐Hun , Du Ahn Byung , Park Sei Yong , Park Jun‐Hyun , Kim Joo Han , Park Jaewoo
Published: October 2010

As the oxide TFT‐oriented simulator, the subgap density of states‐ based amorphous oxide TFT simulator (DAOTS) is proposed, implemented, and demonstrated for a‐InGaZnO TFTs. It consists of the parameters having their physical meanings. Moreover, concrete techniques for parameter extraction are supplied. Most preferably, the quantitative self‐consistency with experimental data is guaranteed in DAOTS.
P‐205L: Late‐News Poster: Comparison between a‐InGaZnO and a‐InHfZnO TFTs in Perspective of Subgap Density of States (DOS) in Active Film
Authors: Lee Sangwon , Kim Sungchul , Jeon Yong Woo , Kim Dong Myong , Kima Dae Hwan , Lee Je‐Hun , Du Ahn Byung , Park Sei Yong , Park Jun‐Hyun , Kim Joo Han , Park Jaewoo
Published: October 2010

The extraction of acceptor‐like subgap DOS (gA(E)) in a‐InGaZnO and a‐InHfZnO TFTs is demonstrated by using multi‐frequency C‐ V technique. The DC performance and negative bias stress (NBS)‐ induced instability are compared in perspective of gA(E). The superior stability of a‐InHfZnO TFT is deduced to be originated from donor‐like DOS gD(E).
P‐206L:Late‐News Poster: High Performance As‐Deposited Microcrystalline Silicon TFT using High‐Density Microwave Plasma Source
Authors: Kohno Akihiko , Tanaka Kohichi , Tanaka Junichi , Mizuki Toshio , Yamamoto Yoshitaka , Tokunaga Kazuhiko , Morosawa Narihiro , Arai Toshiaki , Oka Shinsuke , Kitamura Masayuki , Ushijima Mitsuru
Published: October 2010

We developed high performance as‐deposited microcrystalline TFT. The microcrystalline silicon was deposited by novel MSEP (Metal Surface microwave Excitation Plasma)‐CVD with high deposition rate of over 20 nm/min and its crystalline ratio was over 70 %. TFT showed high mobility of 1.3 cm2/Vs.
P‐42: A New Driver for an Intelligent Modular Display System
Authors: Bauwens Pieter , Doutreloigne Jan
Published: October 2010

Modular displays can be used to build large‐scale displays or displays with an irregular shape. with our intelligent modular display system, more complex display structures can be created. The display configuration is completely automatic. The display shape and changes thereof are detected and shown in the User Interface.
3.4: Simultaneous Projection of Stereoscopic 3D Left and RightEye Images in Orthogonal Polarization through a Single Lens
Authors: Boothroyd Simon A.
Published: October 2010

A prototype singlelens stereoscopic 3D projector is demonstrated with excellent crosstalk performance between the simultaneously projected left and righteye images. Performance requirements for the enabling polarizing beam splitter in a highly light efficient two panel arrangement are analyzed.
P‐209L: Late‐News Poster: High Efficiency Uniform LED Surface Light Source
Authors: Kang Chih‐Chieh , Lin Jeng‐Feng , Wu Yu‐Chang , Yeh Shih‐Cheng , Chen Tai‐Rong
Published: October 2010

A novel LED uniform surface light structure is devised for the use of lighting, especially for a large‐Size edge‐type backlight unit (BLU). Two kinds of embodiments are proposed in this work. Simulation results demonstrate their high efficiency and high uniformity in terms of light extraction and illuminance performance, respectively.
P‐49: Comparison of the Readability of Colour Head‐up Displays Using LED and Laser Light Sources
Authors: Blankenbach Karlheinz , Isele Robert , Stindt Dominik , Buckley Edward
Published: October 2010

This paper compares the readability and colour performance of LED‐ and laser‐based head‐up displays for various ambient light conditions according to colour appearance model CIECAM02 and ISO 15008. It is found that laser‐based HUDs perform favourably in terms of readability and colourfulness compared to LCD‐based systems using either white or RGB‐LED illumination.
P‐50: Simulating the Effects of Wearing Laser Eye Protection on Color Appearance
Authors: Kuyk Thomas , Brockmeier William , Morin Agustin , LaFrance Martin , Foutch Brian
Published: October 2010

A visualization tool was developed that demonstrated the effect of laser eye protection (LEP) on the appearance of cockpit displays. Bit map images were manipulated in OptisWorks™ as filters for a light source with the spectral properties of a three phosphor display. LEP were created from real transmission spectra and interposed in the light path.
P‐51: A Basic Assessment for Color Break‐Up on a Field‐Sequential Color Display
Authors: Kobayashi Masamitsu , Yoshida Akiko , Yoshida Yasuhiro
Published: October 2010

We present our psychophysical experiment over a Field‐ Sequential Color (FSC) display. Our experiment employs a new experimental system with an eye‐tracker to determine when and where the subjects have perceived color break‐up while viewing an FSC display. We examined four patterns of stimuli (horizontal, vertical, and two diagonal patterns) × six contrast factors to find out how observers act in their eye‐movements and perceive color break‐up. This paper provides a basic assessment to establish an evaluation method of FSC display devices.
P‐54: Multi‐Axis‐Adjusted System for RGBW LCD
Authors: Hsieh Pei‐Lin , Lin Hsiang‐Tan
Published: October 2010

In this paper, we propose an algorithm to transform RGB into RGBW. The “Multi‐Axis‐Adjusted System” is used to adjust specific color of image. The brightness of image can be improved by RGBW structure. The HSV of R/Y/G/C/B/M regions can be modified individually. Using the proposed system, RGBW color can be reproduced more accurately and preferably.
P‐55: A Pseudo‐Super‐Resolution Approach for TV Images
Authors: Zhang XiaoMang , Yoshida Yasuhiro
Published: October 2010

Aimed at displaying low resolution image on high resolution display, we propose an up‐scaling approach of TV images with an embedded edge enhancement based on a unique combination of discrete wavelet transform and a conventional up‐scaling algorithm. First, we present that super‐resolution (SR) effects cannot be obtained on TVs due to their input signal restriction. Then, we introduce a term pseudo‐super resolution (PSR) to differ from the SR. And Present a method to realize the PSR. Initial experiments demonstrate fine results according to subjective evaluation.
11.3: Distinguished Paper: LTPSbased Transparent AM OLED
Authors: Song Young W. , Hwang Kyu H. , Yoon Seok G. , Ha Jae H. , Kim Keum N. , Lee Jong H. , Kim Sung C.
Published: October 2010

14.1” qFHD quarter Full High Definition Transparent Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Display AM OLED was developed with the well known and reliable technology based on LTPS Low Temperature Poly Silicon backplane. The key concept of the transparent AM OLED display lies on the seethrough window on each pixel so that the objects across the device can be seen. In the design of pixel structure, functional separation of light emitting area and seethrough area was realized on the different regions. The features of transparency and transmitted image quality were investigated and optimized in the design of the pixel structure. Up to 38% transparency of the prototype panel was accomplished with the high transparent cathode material which transmittance was more than 75%. LTPS based Active Matrix and Top emission OLED structure was used for the prototype to provide wide range of color expression, more than 100% of color gamut.
P‐56: Application of the SSC Local Dimming Algorithm for an Edge‐Lit TV
Authors: Jung Tobias , Albrecht Marc , Xu Chihao , Karrenbauer Andreas
Published: October 2010

The SSC local dimming algorithm, originally developed for direct‐lit LCD using a local optimization approach, has been modified and extended. A global optimization approach was used to cover the wide light spread over the display due to the edge‐lit. The existing six LED‐strings of a commercial available edge‐lit TV are controlled by our own driver circuit, while the PWM values for each LED are delivered by the SSC algorithm. The display parameters were measured and used in the SSC processing. An average power saving of up to 51% of the TV power consumption standard video has been achieved, while the visual quality is proven and the brightness is nearly the same as that of the original undimmed TV. with a higher number of LED strings a power saving significantly higher than 50% is to be expected.
P‐57: Dual Equalization Diffusion for AMOLED Power Saving
Authors: Wu Chih‐Lei , Lee Chia‐Yu , Tsai Tze‐Chien , Chang Lee‐Hsun , Lin Yu‐Sin
Published: October 2010

AU Optronics Corporation (AUO) has proposed the Dual Equalization Diffusion (DED) technique for AMOLED power saving. The DED algorithm we proposed can dither the dynamic range adoptively according to the image distribution. Furthermore, we also have provided power saving (distortion) ratio modulation according to our cumulative distribution function of the weighted value in the diffusion transfer function.

In this paper, we use 14 inch AMOLED FHD display module to implement our proposed algorithm. Our experimental results show that the maximum power saving ratio is upper to 8.9% with an acceptable distortion rate.
P‐58: A Differential Multi‐bit/Conversion Cyclic DAC for TFT‐LCD Column Drivers
Authors: Nguyen Hoai‐Nam , Jang Yeong‐Shin , Bae Jeong‐Yeol , Le Huy‐Binh , Lee Sang‐Gug
Published: October 2010

A differential cyclic 10‐bit DAC with multi‐bit conversion per cycle architecture is presented. Passive conversion is done within 1μs and the output is driven during the rest of 1‐H time. Designed in differential scheme, the switched‐capacitor circuit is robust to charge injection, clock feedthrough and capacitive noise coupling. The DAC has been designed for a high voltage 0.18‐μm CMOS technology.
P‐59: Release Planning for Color Filter Fabs Based on Iterative Simulation
Authors: Chen James C. , Su Ling‐Huey , Huang PoTsang B. , Chao Gary C. , Sun Cheng‐Ju , Chao Kuo‐Jung , Chen Chih‐Cheng , Mo Chi‐Neng , Peng Tzu‐Wei , Wei Yu‐Yao , Feng Chao‐Hsuan , Liu Yu‐Chen , Chiang Mei‐Tsao
Published: October 2010

This research proposed lot release policies for color filter fabs based on iterative simulation. Heuristic lot release plan was first developed and used as the input of an AutoMod simulation model to generate the expected performance that was used to improve the release plan and then iteratively simulated.
P‐61: Recycling and Re‐Use of LCD Components and Materials
Authors: Felix Johan , Letcher William , Tunell Helena , Ranerup Kenny , Retegan Teodora , Lundholm Göran
Published: October 2010

Methods for extracting components and materials from waste liquid crystal displays have been developed. The methods enable the components to be extracted with their key properties preserved, thus qualifying them for re‐use both in LCD and other applications. Novel applications for re‐use of recycled LCD components have been developed in which the LCD components contribute with a substantial customer benefit.
P‐62: Wet Patterning of Copper/Molybdenum Thin Films in Phosphoric Acid Solution
Authors: Seo Jong Hyun , Seo Bo‐ Hyun , Winkler Jörg
Published: October 2010

Recently, copper metallization has been widely developed in TFT‐LCD industry, because of its lowest electrical resistivity compared to other metal candidates such as aluminum and molybdenum. In addition, the copper metallization becomes more significant issue in a high frequency driving TFT‐LCD with large sized panel. Since copper has a low adhesion force against the glass substrate, copper is inevitably used with an aid of an adhesive metal layer such as Ti, Ta and Mo. When dissimilar metals like copper and molybdenum are exposed together in a wet etchant, a typical galvanic reaction occurs and this results in an undercutting of copper line or partial stains on the metal surface after drying. Especially, it is well‐known that the suitable taper angle of Cu/Mo is difficult to obtain. Such failures often lead to a bad performance of thin film transistor and the display quality. Wet galvanic corrosion behavior of DC magnetron sputtered the double layers of Mo alloys and copper on the glass substrate has been examined. Compared with Cu/Mo‐Ti system, the pure Mo/Cu system shows recessed galvanic corrosion behavior.
P‐64: Using Electroless Plating Technology for Copper Metallization in AMLCD Application
Authors: Liu Po‐Tsun , Chou Yi‐Teh , Su Chih‐Yu , Chen Hung‐Ming , Huang An‐Di , Chen Bing‐Mau , Fuh Chur‐Shyang , Fan Yang‐Shun
Published: October 2010

The feasibility of using electro‐less plating (ELP) technology to manufacture copper (Cu) gate electrodes in TFTs is investigated. The poor adhesion between Cu and glass substrates is overcome by introducing ELP nickel‐phosphorus layers. Self‐aligning characteristics also omits the Cu‐etching process. The similar electrical performance verifies the compatibility of this technology.
P‐190L: Late‐News Poster: Thermal Durability of Poly‐Si Films on Highly Engineered Glass for RTA Processes Enabling Advanced TFTs
Authors: Itoh Taketsugu , Mugiraneza Jean D. , Miyahira Tomoyuki , Sakamoto Akinori , Chen Yeh , Okada Tasuya , Noguchi Takashi
Published: October 2010

The thermal durability of Jade@ glass for poly‐Si and conventional glass for a‐Si were investigated for the rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process. The average roughness (Ra) of poly‐Si film on Jade glass after annealing at 850 °C for 1 hour was around 0.5 nm, significantly smoother than that of a‐Si glass. The internal stress of poly‐Si film on Jade glass by 750 °C annealing temperature is lower with results of ∼103 MPa compared to ∼105 MPa of a‐Si glass. The thermal durability of glass for RTA process is associated with the annealing point of glass.
P‐191L: Late‐News Poster: New ACP Design for Flip‐Chip LED Packaging with Enhanced Light Extraction Efficiency
Authors: Kanisawa Shiyuki , Namiki Hidetsugu , Umakoshi Hideaki , Kondo Hirofumi
Published: October 2010

The new ACP formulation for LED flip‐chip packaging has been developed. The combination of the epoxy and newly synthesized resin improves both the mechanical and optical durabilities. An addition of high refractive index powder besides the ACP improves the total luminous flux of the LEDs and almost satisfies the reliability specifications. The light extraction efficiency of the LEDs increased by 16% compared to the conventional wire bonding method.
P‐65: Evaluation Method for Moving Picture Color Smear
Authors: Kim TaeHee , Seo SungWon , Kim JiMan
Published: October 2010

The moving picture quality of PDF is evaluated by measuring Moving Picture Color Smear (MPCS) using a pursuit color CCD camera. The decay time is measured using a high‐speed luminance meter to clarify the cause of MPCS. A visual experiment is carried out to verify MPCS measurement. The results are presented and discussed. It is shown that MPCS measurement is very useful to evaluate the moving picture quality of PDP.
P‐67: Simulation of Backlight Using Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Function
Authors: Choi Myong Jo , Han Jae Jung , Kim Hee Cheoul , Jung Young Jin , Oh Young Sik , Moon Jeong Min , Kim Gi Bin , Lee Jae Won
Published: October 2010

BSDF (Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Function) has been used in order to predict exact optical characteristic of BLU (Backlight Unit). BSDF implies real scattering characteristics, and measured using test equipment of Goniometer type and compared simulation results with measuring data. Simulation was performed for direct‐type LED BLU and CCFL BLU by applying BSDF for diffuser sheet, diffuser plate, and reflector. Accuracy of total flux and luminance, viewing angle, image, etc. was increased and simulation result was obtained in a short time using BSDF assuming multiple sheets as one sheet.
P‐68: Evaluation of Motion Blur Based on the Temporal Frequency Characteristics of Video Camera and LCD TV
Authors: Song In‐Ho , Chae Seok‐Min , Lee Sung‐Hak , Sohng Kyu‐Ik
Published: October 2010

In this study, we show that the motion blur is caused by exposed time of video camera as well as the characteristics of LCD system. Also, we suggest that evaluation method of motion picture quality according to the frequency response of video camera and LCD systems of hold and scanning backlight.
P‐70: Image Sticking Measuring Method by Usage Model
Authors: Maekawa Yuichi , Mori Nobuyuki , Kohno Makoto
Published: October 2010

Two quantities, effective intensity and effective current density, are defined. By measuring luminance degradation of areas varying in current density at different time intervals and determining these quantities, image sticking can be measured and accurately simulated for representative image sets on RGBW and RGB OLED displays using only one image.
P‐73: Dynamic Backlight Influence on Motion Blur Measurement
Authors: Brunnström Kjell , Andrén Börje , Tourancheau Sylvain
Published: October 2010

Although commercially response time is still being used, but in the research community it now recognized that the motion blur needs to be estimated in order to give a fair characterization of a display's motion rendering capabilities. However, the dynamic backlight which has been added to improve contrast and black level of the LCD display could have an influence on the temporal properties of the display. This paper will show the dynamic contrast enhancement influence on the motion blur measurement and on the perception of the motion blur on two different displays.
P‐74: Automatic Parameters Measurement System for Testing of Bistable Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Displays with Three Different Driving Sequence Methods and Application of Gray‐Level Switching
Authors: Li Wu‐Jeng , Lu Min‐Yao , Chang Ting‐Ting , Hu Kuo‐Jui , Huang Jih‐Fon
Published: October 2010

In this study we have designed an electro‐optical measurement system for bistable cholesteric liquid crystal displays which can provide variable drive schemes and measure a series of characteristic curves automatically. The three driving sequence measurement methods for cholesteric liquid crystal displays (CHLCDs) are discussed: conventional driving sequence measurement, cumulative driving sequence(CDS) measurement and dynamic driving sequence(DDS)measurement. Then we implement greyscale application of bistable cholesteric liquid crystal displays by the different driving sequence measurement results.
P‐75: Accurate Estimation of Optimized Overdriving Values for a TN mode LCD Panel
Authors: Hwang Injae , Kim Kang‐Nam , Kwon Oh‐Kyong
Published: October 2010

It is complicated to generate overdrive look‐up table because the overdrive values are dependent on several factors such as response time, gamma curve and optical overshooting recognition of LCD panel. To obtain the optimal overdrive levels, we experimented three 15.4‐inch WXGA panels with different response time and gamma. Based on the experimental analysis, we present a simple method of producing overdrive look‐up table automatically and the resulting correlation coefficient with the manually produced look‐up table is higher than 99%.
12.1: Color Breakup Suppression in FieldSequential Five‐PrimaryColor LCDs
Authors: Cheng Hui‐Chuan , Wu Shin‐Tson
Published: October 2010

We propose a method to reduce the color breakup CBU of a colorsequential LCD by using fiveprimary LEDs. Keeping the same subframe rate as threeprimary LCDs, we can suppress CBU by utilizing proper color sequence and weighting ratios. Its color gamut is 140% NTSC and white brightness increased by ∼13%, as compared to that of threeprimary.
P‐76: Two‐Slope Turning Film (TSTF) for Brightness Enhancement
Authors: Mi Xiang‐Dong , Zhu Xinyu
Published: October 2010

We describe a novel two‐slope turning film (TSTF) that improves light utilization efficiency. As a result, the TSTF both improves on‐axis luminance and widens viewing angle. The TSTF lowers power consumption for notebook and mobile displays.
P‐77: Some Requirements on LED Characteristics for LCD TV Applications
Authors: Wang Chih‐Lin , Yao Yuan‐Jung , Lin Ruei‐Teng , Chen Ming‐Lun , Su Sheng‐Lung
Published: October 2010

LED lens for chip‐on‐board LED with suitable beam pattern has been designed and fabricated for direct‐lit backlight unit (BLU). Side‐emitting beam pattern with peaks at ±60–70° shows larger value by the definition of point spread function compared with those of PLCC type LEDs. LED color shift criteria Δ y less than 0.03 and central intensity less than 40% for BLU cosmetic requirement were determined. By means of this approach, thickness of backlight unit for light mixing can be reduced to 8 mm without sacrifice of the optical performance; uniformity performance of 87.8 % was obtained.
P‐78: DOE Approach to Elimination of Display Mura Induced by LGP Warpage in HTHH Environment
Authors: Hsu Hsu‐Hung , Lin Mao‐Hsing , Huang Kun‐Feng
Published: October 2010

In this article, the mura issue of LCD panel induced by LGP warpage in high temperature and high humidity (HTHH) environment is discussed. From experiments, it is validated that insufficient gap between LGP and plastic mold frame, housing, will lead to deform the LGP. Due to the LGP has high moisture absorption and low thermal stability characteristics, it is easy to have volume expansion occurred. Obviously, the elongation of LGP will compress housing, thus LGP warping causes mura while panel in display mode. Experimental design (DOE) method is thus performed to generate a mathematical model to predict the displacement of LGP caused by hygrothermal effect. Finally, from experiment results, it is approved that the mura phenomenon has been eliminated. Furthermore, the mathematical construction model can provide the suitable design tolerance in module design phase.
P‐80: Novel Clear‐AR Film Suitable for Public Displays
Authors: Oikawa Tokuju , Suzuki Takato , Mitsumori Yutarou , Watanabe Jun , Suga Yoichi , Mihayashi Keiji
Published: October 2010

We have succeeded in the development of an anti‐reflection film “Novel Clear‐AR‐Film” that shows low reflectance(≦0.5%), color neutrality of reflected light and wide viewing angle dependency of these characteristics. These excellent optical characteristics have been realized by the unique multi‐layers optical design and the highly controlled wetting process. The Novel Clear AR‐Film is suitable for public displays under bright ambient light.
P‐82: Highly Transparent ac Plasma Display
Authors: Lee Sung‐Min , Oh Seung Hwa , Ahn Sung‐il , Choi Kyung Cheol
Published: October 2010

A highly transparent ac plasma display was developed with a transmittance of approximately 63 %. In order to improve the panel transparency, a silicon dioxide sol‐gel layer was used as a transparent dielectric layer, a SU‐8 photoresist barrier rib coated with an inorganic protective layer was used as a barrier rib, and borosilicate glass was used as a glass substrate.
P‐83: A First Principles Study in CaxMg1−xO Protective Layer for Plasma Display Panels
Authors: Li QiaoFen , Tu Yan , Yang Lanlan , Tolner Harm
Published: October 2010

First‐principles density functional calculations have been performed to study the electronic structure of the CaxMg1−xO protective layer in Plasma display panels. The change of the electronic structure with the composition x has been investigated. Its possible influence on the secondary electron emission, the exo‐electron emission and addressing jitter in PDP has also been analyzed.
P‐84: Enhanced Luminescent Properties of Sr3MgSi2O8: Eu2+ Spherical Blue Phosphor Via Modified Sol‐gel Approach
Authors: Pan Wen , Wang Ninghui , Wang Zhiqiang , Li Guofeng , Ning Guiling
Published: October 2010

A homogeneous and stoichiometric Sr3MgSi2O8: Eu2+ (SMSE) phosphor has been prepared by a simple sol‐gel Approach. TEM, SEM, XRD and spectrofluorimeter were used to monitor the structure evolution and optical properties of the phosphor. While TEM/SEM image of as‐calcinated phosphor disclosed a spherical morphology with average size of 0.5 μm. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) of the SMSE powder displayed a pure Sr3MgSi2O8 pattern after annealing at 1100°C for 2 h. The luminescence intensity of the sol‐gel‐derived phosphors is much higher in comparison with that of the solid‐state‐derived phosphors.
P‐86: Effect of Mg on Properties of ZnS: Cu, Mn Phosphors
Authors: Ogurtsov Konstantin , Sychov Maxim , Bakhmetiev Vadim , Abyzov Andrei
Published: October 2010

Influence of the different concentration of Mg in ZnS powder precursor on properties of derived phosphors has been investigated. for this were synthesized ZnS: Cu, Mn phosphors co‐doped with different amount of Mg, introduced with MgCl2×6H2O. Comparison of properties shows that a small amount of Mg increases the brightness of the photo and electroluminescence. However, further increase in Mg content leads to a sharp decrease in brightness of the electroluminescence and a small shift of the spectrum to the shorter wavelengths.
P‐87: Jitter Characteristics of Positive and Negative Waveforms Investigated with HD and Full‐HD Panels
Authors: Lee Sangjoon , Shin Hyoungsup , Kang Jungwon
Published: October 2010

Comparative experiments between positive and negative waveforms were performed with 7 inch HD and full‐HD resolution panels to improve the driving characteristics during address period in ac PDPs. Jitter characteristics of address discharges were measured for both cases. The negative waveform showed shorter formative delay and total delay than the positive waveform. As the resolution of test panel was increased, the tendency of jitter characteristic wasn't varied.
P‐91: AC Plasma Display Panel with Gold Nano‐particles Inserted into an MgO Protective Layer
Authors: Kim Woo Hyun , Cho Kwan Hyun , Yang Ki Youl , Choi Chung Sock , Ahn Sung‐il , Choi Kyung Cheol , Kim Do Youb , Park O Ok
Published: October 2010

A modified MgO structure incorporating gold nano‐particles is proposed in this work. By inserting gold nano‐particles into the MgO protective layer, dozens of nanometer‐scale bumps are created on its surface. The change in the morphology due to these bumps induces a higher secondary electron emission rate, which both increases the luminous efficacy and causes a 20 V reduction of the driving voltage.
P‐93: Silicon Nanocrystals Embedded in Silicon‐rich Silicon Nitride Films for Application of Light Emitting Diodes in Flexible Display
Authors: Lee Kyoung‐Min , Hong Wan‐Shick , Hwang Jae‐Dam , Lee Youn‐Jin , No Kil‐Sun
Published: October 2010

The silicon nanocrystals embedded in silicon‐rich silicon nitride films were deposited by catalytic CVD at low temperature (≤200 °C). Excimer laser annealing and in‐Situ H2 treatment were performed to increase quantum efficiency. Electrical properties of metal‐insulator‐semiconductor structures using these samples were measured.
P‐192L: Late‐News Poster: Moiré Reduction of Luminance Enhanced LCDs with a Wobbled Micro‐Lenticular Lens
Authors: Sugita Tatsuya , Kishioka Atsushi , Sasaki Makoto , Shiraishi Yasuhisa , Komura Shinichi , Imayama Hirotaka
Published: October 2010

We developed a novel lenticular lens, whose edge lines were modulated with a sinusoidal form, for a luminance enhanced LCD to reduce moiré fringe between lenses and prism sheets and demonstrated the moiré reduction to 1/5 with the wobbled lenticular lens formed by a printing method.
P‐101: New Electrochromic Polymer for Electronic Paper
Authors: Kondo Yoshiro , Tanabe Hirofumi , Otake Tomiaki
Published: October 2010

Electrochromic(EC) type e‐paper is attracted with colorfulness and clearness. We have been researching and developing material for EC type e‐paper. We developed new EC polymer for e‐paper. Our EC polymer is suitable for printable electronics, for instance, ink‐jet, screen print, and so on. We introduce our developing technologies.
P‐102: Hysteresis Suppression of Thin‐Film Transistors with Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Insulator on Flexible Stainless Steel Substrate
Authors: Lee Tse‐Hsien , Wu Chen‐Ting , Kao Pei‐Yi , Chen Huang‐Ming Philip , Huang Jih‐Fon
Published: October 2010

The Hysteresis effects can be suppressed in flexible thin‐film transistors with poly (vinyl alcohol) insulator without crosslinking agent. The characteristic of hysteresis was greatly reduced by SiO2 nano‐particle in PVA solution. The TFTs were fabricated by using a‐IGZO as active layer at room temperature. The TFTs exhibited stable performance with field effect mobility (∼10.81 Vs/cm2), high on/off current ratios (∼106), and low threshold voltage (∼−1V) on planarized stainless steel substrate. The transfer curve which measured from various sweep ranges in two different sweep directions suggested that the hysteresis has been successfully suppressed.
12.4: RealTime Adaptive Backlight Algorithm for FieldSequentialColor Displays
Authors: Chien Shih‐Hsun , Chen Chun‐Ho , Lin Fang‐Cheng , Huang YiPai , Shieh Han‐Ping David , Chiou Shian‐Jun , Tai Wen‐Chih
Published: October 2010

Field sequential color liquid crystal displays FSCLCDs is without color filter, thus saving parts of material cost and improving the optical throughput. However, color breakup CBU which degrades image qualities has come up with sequential driving displays. Our algorithm used 3step convergence approach to determine adaptive B/L in less than one frame time according to image contents. Thus, we implemented real time adaptive B/L determination on hardware. The real time images on 15.4′ panel showed the CBU was greatly suppressed with the adaptive backlight.
P‐106: Real‐Time Inspection of a Moisture Barrier Film Buried by a Protective Layer for Flexible Displays
Authors: Zhang Yadong , Jen Shih‐Hui , Yang Ronggui , George Steven M. , Lee Yung‐Cheng
Published: October 2010

Stress‐induced cracks in moisture barriers may lead to device degradation in flexible displays. We developed an optical technique that can inspect the cracking of stressed barrier films buried by protective layers. This technique allows rapid and large‐area evaluation of mechanical reliability of moisture barriers and functional layers for flexible displays.
P‐108: Rich Color Photo‐addressing Simple Structure Roll‐to‐Roll Electronic Paper
Authors: Chen Heng‐Yin , Liang Chao‐Chiun , Hsieh Ming‐Hua , Chin Chih‐Lung , Ho Chi‐Kang , Su Ju‐Yuen , Chen Chun‐Yi
Published: October 2010

For more colorful and low cost, this paper develops a rich color photo‐addressing simple structure Roll‐to‐Roll electronic paper with improved materials. By photo‐addressing, the reflected light wavelength of the developed electronic paper can shifted more than 210nm from blue to red to display rich‐color images with much wider color gamut.
P‐109: Drain Bias Effect on Characteristics of Reverse Sub‐threshold Region
Authors: Wei Chuan‐Sheng , Chen Pei Ming , Chen Jim‐Shone , Huang Wei‐Ming
Published: October 2010

We have investigated device characteristics utilizing top‐gate structure to define the electric characteristics and qualities the value of drain‐source current. At the same time, the device operation for high drain voltage mechanism was also investigated. The new terminal with positively top gate bias can significantly decrease the reverse sub‐threshold leakage current more than one order and keep on 100% Ion improvement for high drain bias operation.
P‐112: Large Area Black/White Bistable Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Display and the Thermal‐Addressing System
Authors: Liu Po‐Wen , Tsai Chen‐Chu , Lee Cheng‐Han , Huang Wei‐Hsun , Chen Chao‐Wen , Wang Cheng‐Yi , Lee Kuo‐Chang
Published: October 2010

A one meter length black/white bistable cholesteric liquid crystal display was made by a roll to roll process and the display area is 20cm × 100cm. Black/White performance was made by black nano pigment and blended ChLC droplets with different wavelength. It was written by a thermal‐addressing system to realize high resolution and low cost.
P‐113: Color Management for Multiple‐Primary Flexible Cholesteric‐LCD
Authors: Jheng Cheng‐Fu , Chen Huang‐Ming P. , Cheng Wei‐Chung , Huang Jih‐Fon
Published: October 2010

The reflective cholesteric liquid crystal display suffers from voltage‐induced color shift and viewing angle‐dependent color shift. In this paper, three solutions are presented to overcome these problems. First, four types of cholesteric liquid crystals were prepared and characterized to find the best mixture with the lowest voltage‐induced color shift and reflectance reduction. Secondly, 5‐primary (red, yellow, green, cyan and blue) cholesteric liquid crystals were prepared such that the color gamut and reflectance were enhanced. Finally, the viewing angle‐dependent color shift was characterized and then compensated by adjusting their chromaticity by using red/green/blue LED light sources.