bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Há docentes à escuta? O devir-pergunta de uma criança que ensina a ensinar
Authors: Kohan Walter , Carvalho Magda Costa
Published: April 2024

RESUMO A presente escrita surgiu de uma irradiação a partir de experiências com três crianças reais - a Lara, o Luiz e o Tomás - e a inspiração de um menino ficção. Começamos com duas perguntas infantis sobre a tensão que atravessa o dentro e o fora do pensamento, buscando quebrar barreiras entre um sujeito pensante e um mundo circundante. Devemos essa quebra a José Gil (2009), ao seu devir-criança do pensamento, que traz um devir-animal e um devir-pergunta da escrita. Partimos, também, da inspiração trazida pelo menino ficcionado de um conto de Mia Couto (2021), que experimenta a escuta como divergência e diferença e desafia formas adultocêntricas de exclusão e de repressão. Escutamos, depois, as perguntas de duas crianças, colocando-nos o desafio de equacionar um dentro e um fora do pensamento. Seguimos para uma experiência de encontro com o fora como distância sem medida, que desmonta a divisão entre uma individualidade e o seu entorno. Terminamos como começamos - entre as vozes que se escutam e as palavras que se dizem -, encontrando na afetividade do corpo infantil a abertura ao irradiar das intensidades do mundo. Quem sabe seja uma oportunidade para (re)pensarmos a formação docente e, em particular, o lugar da escuta nela. O exercício é um convite docente aos e às docentes a escutar expressões de um filosofar menino que põem em marcha o avesso do pensamento como a sua potência mais íntima.
Cronotopias do Encontro: infância, universidade e movimentos sociais
Authors: Queiroz Caroline Trapp de , Pereira Rita Marisa Ribes
Published: April 2024

RESUMO Este texto tem por objetivo falar da importância do encontro entre a universidade e os movimentos sociais, tendo por eixo a produção do conhecimento sobre a infância, bem como a sua politização. Inspiradas na obra de Mayana Redin, tensionamos uma história da infância brasileira forjada na luta, uma história dos movimentos sociais contada a partir da participação das crianças, e o olhar acadêmico para a participação das crianças nas lutas sociais. É nesse sentido que nomeamos a discussão como uma “cronotopia de encontros”, na medida em que nos interessam as histórias e o sentido político que atravessam as possibilidades de encontro entre ensino, pesquisa, lutas sociais e crianças. Para isso, pesquisamos produções realizadas na graduação e pós-graduação da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) nos últimos cinco anos, especificamente no campo dos Estudos da Infância, a fim de observar suas relações com o currículo e a trajetória acadêmica da universidade, que habilita seus pedagogos para a atuação nos movimentos sociais. Como resultado, pontuamos a insipiência e, por outro lado, a urgência de pesquisas nessa convergência de campos, afirmando a importância dos deslocamentos que tais produções provocam nos currículos, na produção socializada do conhecimento, bem como na práxis das lutas cotidianas.
Chronotopies of the Meeting: childhood, university and social movements
Authors: Queiroz Caroline Trapp de , Pereira Rita Marisa Ribes
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT This text aims to talk about the importance of the meeting between the university and social movements, focusing on the production of knowledge about childhood, as well as its politicization. Inspired by the work of Mayana Redin, we bring to the fore a story of Brazilian childhood forged in struggle, a story of social movements told from the participation of children, and the academic look at the participation of children in social struggles. It is in this sense that we named the discussion as a “chronotopy of meetings”, to the extent that we are interested in the stories and the political sense that permeate the possibilities of meetings between teaching, research, social struggles and children. To this end, we researched academic productions undertaken at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels of the Faculty of Education of the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in the last five years, specifically in the field of Childhood Studies, in order to observe their correlations with the curriculum and the academic trajectory of the university, that prepares its teachers (pedagogos) to work in social movements. As a result, we signal the incipience and, on the other hand, the urgent need for research in this convergence of fields, affirming the importance of the displacements that such productions cause in the curriculum, in the socialized production of knowledge, as well as in the praxis of daily struggles.
“The world through our eyes and by our voices”: what children say about rights, discrimination and differences, gender, and poverty
Authors: Tomás Catarina , Gonçalves Carolina
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT In the context of the project SMOOTH - Educational Common Spaces, Passing through enclosures and reversing Inequalities (Horizon 2020, European Commission) and the subproject RED - Rights, Equality, Difference - as well as an epistemological, theoretical, methodological and ethical position, that puts in dialogue the Sociology of Childhood and Education Sciences, a qualitative research was carried out with children attending the 2nd Cycle of Basic Education, in a public school in Lisbon, within the subject of Citizenship and Development. A central aim of the Project, which is presented in this paper, is to analyse, from an active listening of the children, their conceptions about rights, discriminations and differences, gender, and poverty, and their lived/attributed subjective meanings. Methodologically, through observation, semi-structured interviews and focus groups, their voices, and by their proposal, materialised in the publication of a podcast episode. Qualitative content analysis enables us to exercise an understanding of what children say about these themes, what they have prioritised, reflected upon, and ignored. Their views about the world must be understood from their biographies and contexts.
Morphoanatomy and histochemistry of Baccharis palustris: insights into a highly endangered endemic species from Southeastern America
Authors: Mercado María Inés , Albornoz Patricia Liliana , Ruiz Ana Inés , Guantay María Eugenia , Rodríguez-Rego Cecilia , Catalán César Atilio Nazareno , González Héctor Andrés , Dellacassa Eduardo , Minteguiaga Manuel
Published: April 2024

Abstract Morphoanatomy and histochemistry of Baccharis palustris: insights into a highly endangered endemic species from Southeastern America. The phenotypic plasticity of the Baccharis genus makes species identification difficult, even at the flowering stage. In this context, morphoanatomical studies are a powerful tool for botanical authentication, mainly emphasizing the recognition of diagnostic characteristics that may be useful for distinguishing similar species. Given the limited knowledge available about the endemic species B. palustris, this work aimed to characterize the morphoanatomy and histochemistry of its vegetative aerial parts to identify characters with diagnostic value and to elucidate the sites of synthesis and accumulation of metabolites of medicinal importance. B. palustris leaf showed pinnate, camptodrome-brochidodrome venation patterns. Blade with dorsiventral mesophyll, aerenchymatous spongy parenchyma, collateral vascular bundles, and different types of stomata and trichomes, including glandular trichomes with a multi-layered base evidenced and described for the first time in the genus. The petiole was winged, with three collateral vascular bundles. The stem showed a penta-lobulated contour with unusual growth, starch, and crystals in the pith. The presence of secretory ducts and glandular trichomes, which synthesized lipids, terpenes/polyacetylenes, and phenolic compounds, was observed. The morphological/histochemical characteristics described in this work contribute to the knowledge of the species, highlighting the importance of its preservation as a valuable resource.
Prediction of burden distribution and electrical resistance in submerged arc furnaces using discrete element method modelling
Authors: Baumgartner S.J. , Reynolds Q.G. , Akdogan G.
Published: April 2024

A computational model of a submerged arc furnace (SAF) used in the production of ferrochrome is presented. The model's intended use is to investigate the extent to which intrinsic and extrinsic properties of the raw materials affect burden distribution and electrical resistance within the furnace. The model is built on the discrete element method and calculates the mechanical interactions of particle distributions resulting from the flow motion of typical raw materials used in the smelting of chromium ore. This model excludes the effects of thermodynamics, furnace chemistry, and heat transfer. It illustrates how the consumption of materials (chromite pellets, flux, and reductant) is affected by changes in electrode length, reductant fractions, and reductant sizing and density during the formation of a reductant bed. The resistance calculation algorithm developed by Mintek was applied to construct networks developed from particle contacts, which can quantitatively generate estimates of the electrode-to-electrode and electrode-to-bath electrical conduction conditions.
Radikaal versus beskeie: Die vroegste vrouestemme teen patriargie in die Suid-Afrikaanse literatuursisteem
Authors: Human-Nel Marian
Published: April 2024

This article explores similar social experiences of South Africa in the English and Afrikaans literary systems respectively. It investigates the reflection of patriarchy as an ideological presupposition of South African society in the earliest writings of two South African writers, Olive Schreiner (1855–1920) and Maria Elizabeth Rothmann (1875–1975) (known as M. E. R.). In doing this, it offers a discussion of how these women’s involvement in South African politics sought to address the situation that political rule during the late 1800s and early 1900s created for South African women in the broader context of the South African War. The practice of gender politics as a response to these social experiences is discussed, while the contribution of Schreiner’s radical voice to the stereotyping of the Afrikaner woman is compared to the modest voice with which M. E. R. fought for the rights of these stereotyped women. The article concludes that the nature of, and similarities and differences between their feminist voices determined Schreiner’s and M. E. R.’s contribution to their respective literary systems, as well as their contribution to English and Afrikaans prose.
Integrated treatment of stormwater using multistage filtration (MSF) for domestic application (reuse)
Authors: Chekwubechukwu V Chibueze  , Chidozie C Nnaji  , Cordelia N Mama  , Ekene J Nwankwo
Published: April 2024

Stormwater harvesting is a promising solution for global freshwater depletion, particularly in tropical regions with abundant rainfall. However, it is not widely used due to the lack of suitable treatment technologies for domestic applications. Multi-stage filtration (MSF) is an effective integrated treatment technology that provides a cost-effective alternative for stormwater treatment. This study investigated MSF's capacity for treating stormwater at different stages. The MSF designed and built comprised the down-flow roughing filter (DRF) and slow sand filter (SSF). The results achieved by the MSF for the treated effluents were: pH (7.1–8.1), temperature (27.6–29.4°C), electrical conductivity (EC) (100–190 µS/cm) and total dissolved solids (TDS) (70–130 mg/L). Turbidity removal efficiency of the MSF was in the range of 36–99% (5.825–164.05 NTU) and the overall average removal efficiency of the MSF was 74%, 90% and 86% for total coliforms (TC) (360–11 800 CFU/100 mL), faecal coliforms (FC) (0–1 300 CFU/100 mL) and Enterococcus spp. (120– 1 400 CFU/100 mL), respectively. The study identified stormwater reuse potentials based on international guidelines and benchmarks. For the treated effluent, pH, temperature, EC and TDS were all within the permissible limits for toilet, laundry, bathing, recreational and agricultural water reuse, while turbidity suited agricultural (non-food crop) and restricted urban reuse. 46% of the effluent was suitable for recreational purposes as this satisfied the 50 NTU standard. 62.5% of the effluent satisfied the FC standard for toilets and urinals and agricultural reuse (non-food crop) purposes, while 87.5 % of the effluent satisfied urban reuse purposes (restricted access). 66.67% of the effluent satisfied the Enterococcus spp. standard for agricultural reuse (non-food crop). All treated effluents satisfied the TC bathing standard. This study shows that after minimal disinfection, stormwater effluents offer potential reuse in household applications, thereby reducing potable water demand.
Stability of boulders on cobble streambeds
Authors: K Stols  , CS James
Published: April 2024

The placement of boulders in streams enhances aquatic habitat by increasing the heterogeneity of flow conditions.  Practical design must ensure the stability of individual boulders, requiring calculation of their incipient movement conditions.  The stability of a boulder on a cobble bed is shown experimentally to depend on its size, the bed material size, the degree of embedment of the boulder, the slope of the bed and the flow velocity and depth.  An equation is derived through a pivoting analysis for predicting the relationship between the critical ambient depth-averaged velocity and the critical flow depth; this, together with a resistance equation, can be used to predict the flow conditions for boulder stability.  The equation is used to develop a simpler form for unsubmerged spherical boulders and cobbles.  The stability equation is tested against the experimental data, using an experimentally determined drag coefficient relationship.
Review of soil form and wetness indicators for wetland delineation in South Africa
Authors: JH van der Waals  , DG Paterson  , A Grundling  , DP Turner  , CW van Huyssteen  , PS Rossouw
Published: April 2024

Wetland delineation in South Africa incorporates soil form and soil wetness indicators, requiring formal soil classification and description of soil redox morphology. The current wetland definition used administratively in South Africa focuses on saturated (hydric) soil signatures within plant root zones. Saturated soil horizons deeper than plant root zones fall outside the 50 cm criterion in the local approach as well as the accepted zone in USA literature. The field of hydropedology accommodates the classification of the various hydrologically active horizons and provides a tool for the handling of horizons with ephemeral wetness. This approach has been variably accepted by mandated authorities in South Africa. The South African soil classification system has evolved through three editions over the past 50 years while retaining the same redox morphology understanding. However, despite the concepts and context of redox morphology having been thoroughly technically adopted by soil scientists, this is not the case within the wetland research and management environment. This especially because the classification system is structured differently from other international systems, and the South African landscape is geologically ancient with mature soils, introducing challenges to resource assessment specialists who rely on international norms and approaches for wetland assessment. This paper reviews the various components of soil classification and redox morphology based on Fe and Mn minerals within the context of the South African soil classification system, the field of hydropedology and wetland delineation indicators. We provide a qualitative correlation between the various diagnostic horizons and materials in the system and their related redox morphology contexts that are relevant to wetland assessment, delineation, and protection in South Africa. This paper therefore aims to serve as a reference point for the description and correlation of various soil hydrological parameters used in formal assessments.
Comprehensive performance analysis of training functions in flow prediction model using artificial neural network
Authors: KC Shikhar  , Khem Prasad Bhattarai  , Tang De Shan  , Saurabh Mishra  , Ishwar Joshi  , Anurag Kumar Singh
Published: April 2024

Higher Himalayan catchments are often poorly monitored for hydrological activities involving flood flow prediction for the safety of riverside communities and the successful operation of hydropower projects. This study aimed to estimate the comparative performance of artificial neural network (ANN) based flow prediction models using 10 years of daily river flow data of Kaligandaki catchment at Kotagaun, Nepal, which is a snow-fed catchment in the Himalayan region. The flow prediction models were trained and tested at a hydrological station using the previous 3 days’ river flow data to predict the 1-day ahead flow data. Eight different training functions were employed in an ANN model for comprehensive statistical assessment of accuracy and precision of each training function. The most significant and validated result obtained in this study is the comprehensive comparison of various training functions’ performance, and identification of the most efficient training function for the study case. Among the training functions investigated, the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation function exhibits the best performance for the model having Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, root mean square error and mean absolute error values of 0.866, 209.578 and 75.422, respectively. This study provides a fundamental basis for accurate flow prediction of topographically challenged catchments where hydrological monitoring and data collection may be limited. In particular, this model will help to improve early warning system, hydrological planning, and the safety of riverside communities in the Himalayan region.
Intelektualni razvoj u doba sukoba Tito–Staljin: primjer Branka Horvata 1948–1951
Authors: Markuš Petar
Published: April 2024

Cilj ovoga članka jest prikazati intelektualni razvoj Branka Horvata za vrijeme njegova studiranja na Ekonomskom fakultetu u Zagrebu od 1948. do 1951. u vrijeme sukoba Tito‒Staljin. U radu se prikazuje kako je Horvat od 1948. do 1951. razvijao svoje idejne postavke o tumačenju svijeta i ekonomije. Tijekom navedenog razdoblja proučavao je Marxa i ostale marksističke autore te je njihovom analizom nastojao tumačiti što je marksizam i kako se on razlikuje od proklamiranog sovjetskog i jugoslavenskog tumačenja. Za vrijeme studiranja Horvat će biti izbačen iz Komunističke partije Hrvatske na osnovu davanja potpore kolegici koja je osuđena zbog privrženosti odlukama Informbiroa, osobnih karakteristika (nadobudnosti i neprihvaćanja kritike) te propitivanja odluke partijskih tijela zagrebačkog Ekonomskog fakulteta da se odbije pozvati prof. Rudolfa Bićanića da predaje na Ekonomskom fakultetu u Zagrebu. Osnovu rada čini arhivska građa iz Osobnog fonda iz Hrvatskog državnog arhiva u Zagrebu. U radu se koristi Horvatov osobni Dnevnik, dokumenti koji se tiču njegova odnosa s Komunističkom partijom i studentski radovi koje je pisao u razdoblju 1948‒1951, za koje je dobio nagrade kao najbolji student na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu 1948. i 1949.
Pavlina Bogdan Bijelić - Traditional Female Identity on the Threshold of Modernity
Authors: Puljizević Kristina
Published: April 2024

The writings of teacher and ethnographer Pavlina Bogdan Bijelić provides a rare opportunity to gain insight into women’s professional advancements in Dubrovnik at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century from the perspective of ego-documents, using the case study method. Bogdan Bijelić’s personal attitudes and professional choices were analyzed in the context of accelerated social, economic and political circumstances. The focus is on three aspects of Bogdan Bijelić’s public activity: professional positioning in the cultural milieu of Dalmatia and Croatia, the interaction between politics and women (including her), and Bogdan Bijelić’s participation in the discourse on the “woman question.”
Nutritional diagnosis of soursop according to the Kenworthy balance index and deviation from optimum percentage, Nayarit, Mexico
Authors: García-Paredes Juan Diego , Martínez-Mera Eliana Andrea , Can-Chulim Álvaro , Luna-Esquivel Gregorio , Cruz-Crespo Elia , Balois-Morales Rosendo
Published: April 2024

Soursop is a tropical fruit of economic importance in Mexico, however, there is scarce research on its nutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the foliar nutrient concentration in the vegetative state and to compare the nutritional diagnosis between the Kenworthy Balance Index (KBI) and Deviation from Optimum Percentage (DOP) in the soursop crop. The foliar concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and B presented lower values than the reference standard. It was found concordance between KBI and DOP indices for the diagnosis in 91% of the orchards; the nutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mn and B were deficient in all orchards and excessive Cu (in 33% of the orchards), Fe and Zn (in 8% of the orchards respectively). However, the diagnosis of Mg, Fe, Cu and Zn in some orchards was contradictory due their adequate ranges with the KBI and deficient with the DOP. In general, with the two indices 25% of the orchards coincide with the decreasing order of the nutrients P<K<Ca<N<Mg<Mn<B<Zn<Fe<Cu. Although there were some similarities and differences in the nutritional diagnosis among KBI and DOP, the specific nutritional needs of each soursop orchard must be supply.
Comparative study of the biometric characteristics, proximal macronutrient composition and fatty acid profile of 3 species of the genus Orestias
Authors: Cusiyunca-Phoco Edilson Ronny , Ruiz-Espinoza Johan , Collachagua-Echevarria John Eder , Jeanette-Mendoza Lizzy , Ayala-Guevara Karen Janet
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences between three species of the genus Orestias (O. luteus, O. olivaceus and O. agassii) in biometry, proximal macronutrient composition and fatty acid profile. A total of 90 fish were used and total length (TL), standard length (LE) and total weight (W) were measured (n = 30 per species), and 10 fish for each group were measured at random to determine fatty acids. The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between species; the highest value was obtained by Orestias agassii (TL of 13.00 ± 0.14 cm, LE of 11.86 ± 0.91 cm and W of 27.54 ± 2.78 g). For fatty acids, slightly high values ​​were evident in PUFA (38.56 ± 0.81%), LC PUFA n-3 (25.70 ± 0.28%) and LC PUFA n-6 (13.92 ± 0.81 %) in O. luteus. A higher content of vaccenic acid (18:1ω11) was also found in O. agassii (6.04 ± 0.01 g 100-1 fatty acid), corresponding to a higher intake of algae. It is recommended to develop work on the enrichment of EPA + DHA sources in feed for these species to demonstrate their aquaculture potential, in the search for healthy nutrition for aquatic species.
Вычислительные аспекты моделирования аномалий силы тяжести системой точечных масс
Authors: Долгаль Александр Сергеевич , Новикова Полина Николаевна
Published: April 2024

Bведение: Рассматривается аппроксимация гравитационных аномалий Буге системой эквивалентных источников при региональных геофизических исследованиях. Значения поля заданы в узлах регулярной сети точек на поверхности шарообразной Земли – сферы Каврайского. Каждому узлу соответствуют 4 параметра: широта, долгота, геодезическая высота и первая радиальная производная гравитационного потенциала. Под всеми узлами сети располагаются точечные массы. Значения масс определяются путем приближенного решения системы линейных алгебраических уравнений. Методика: Исходными материалами являлись две глобальные модели гравитационного поля в редукции Буге WGM2012 и рельефа земной поверхности ETOPO1 в системе геодезических параметров WGS84 для Курильской островной дуги и прилегающих акваторий. Разрешение моделей составляло 1° и 20. Район исследований ограничен координатами 40°–54°с.ш., 142°– 162°в.д., его площадь составляет около 2.4 млн км2 . Выполнялись оценки обусловленности матриц коэффициентов систем уравнений при разных глубинах размещения эквивалентных источников. При расчете чисел обусловленности использовались метод Шульца второго порядка и новый разработанный авторами метод, не требующий вычисления обратной матрицы в явном виде. Последний базируется на подходе Хагера к оценке норм обратной матрицы на основе имеющихся коэффициентов системы. Он предназначен для работы с данными большой размерности. Продемонстрирована близость чисел обусловленности, вычисленных двумя разными методами для матриц размером 314×314 и 2623×2623, соответственно. Выполнялось сопоставление скорости вычислений при разных глубинах размещения точечных масс. Также проводилась экспериментальная оценка влияния ошибок округления и помех в исходных данных на вектор решения системы. Результаты и обсуждение: Представлены количественные оценки норм матриц коэффициентов и чисел обусловленности различных аппроксимационных конструкций. Отмечается резкое увеличение чисел обусловленности при погружении источников на глубину, превышающую шаг сети задания поля по широте. Это сопровождается снижением скорости итерационного метода Зейделя при решении систем уравнений. Выявлена высокая устойчивость численного решения систем уравнений, предположительно обусловленная саморегуляризацией. Поэтому при моделировании региональных аномалий силы тяжести дополнительные методы регуляризации могут не использоваться. Рекомендовано в условиях низких и средних широт при формировании аппроксимационной конструкции соблюдать приближенное равенство между шагом сети по меридиану и глубинами точечных масс. Заключение: Исследованы специфические особенности решения систем уравнений, возникающих при истокообразной аппроксимации аномалий силы тяжести на сфере Каврайского. Полученные результаты позволят повысить точность и скорость расчета трансформант аномального гравитационного поля больших территорий.
Эколого-геохимические исследования: проблемы и совершенствование методики проведения
Authors: Косинова Ирина Ивановна , Бударина Виктория Александровна , Базарский Олег Владимирович , Игнатенко Игнат Михайлович , Кочетова Жанна Юрьевна
Published: April 2024

Введение: Эколого-геохимические исследования являются основным элементом инженерно-экологических изысканий. Методология их проведения исторически связана с геохимическими исследованиями в целях поисков и разведки месторождений полезных ископаемых. Современные нормативные документы содержат ряд принципиальных ошибок, которые не позволяют дать достоверную эколого-геохимическую оценку территорий. Целью настоящей статьи является анализ существующих методических подходов при эколого-геохимических исследованиях, направленный на их совершенствование и исключение существующих ошибок. Методика: Проведенные исследования включают ретроспективную оценку существующих подходов, натурное моделирование плотности и сети опробования при эколого-геохимических исследованиях, статистическую обработку полученных данных. В работе проведен статистический анализ точности эколого-геохимических измерений при различных размерах конверта и определены его оптимальные размеры. Результаты: В результате проведенных исследований выявлено, что существующая методика проб отбора почв статистически достоверна при размере конверта до 100×100 м2 . Оптимальный размер конверта по критериям точности измерений и экономическим затратам составляет 10×10 м2 , что соответствует методическим рекомендациям. Предельная точность измерений – точность прибора. Определен второй экстремум при размере конверта 47×47 м2 , по точности измерений проигрывающий оптимальному случаю всего на 25 %, но по экономическим затратам дающий выигрыш в 25 раз – 4 «конверта» на гектар. Выявлена принципиальная ошибка при эколого-геохимических оценках почв, связанная с использованием формулы Ю.Е. Саета в сокращенном объеме. Выводы: Практическая значимость проведенных исследований позволяет обосновать основные методические подходы при проведении эколого-геохимических исследований: оптимальные размеры конвертов – 10×10 м2 , 47×47 м2 ; плотность опробования составляет 1 площадка на 1 га; при расчете суммарного показателя загрязнения должны учитываться только те концентрации, которые превышают предельно допустимые значения.
К юбилею Ирины Константиновны Коваль
Authors: Савко Аркадий Дмитриевич
Published: April 2024

К юбилею Ирины Константиновны Коваль
Особенности углеродсодержащих пород окружения Карской астроблемы: статистический анализ геохимических данных
Authors: Ковальчук Наталья Сергеевна , Шумилова Татьяна Григорьевна , Светов Сергей Анатольевич
Published: April 2024

Bведение: Особенностью Карской астроблемы является специфический состав пород мишени, представленных углеродсодержащими сланцами и алевролитами, первично обогащенными полезными компонентами. В крупных астроблемах происходит интенсивная гидротермальная переработка вмещающих пород, которая может стимулировать мобилизацию, переотложение и концентрирование рудного вещества. В связи с этим для установления возможного постимпактного гидротермального воздействия на породы мишени, в том числе с участием вещества астероида, нами проведен анализ геохимического состава углеродсодержащих пород окружения Карской астроблемы с применением многомерной статистики. Методика: Проведен анализ вещественного состава углеродсодержащих пород окружения Карской астроблемы методами многомерной статистики – корреляционным, факторным и иерархическим кластерным методами. Результаты и обсуждение: В углеродсодержащих породах окружения Карской астроблемы методами математической статистики установлена сильная корреляционная связь между элементами Cu, Zn, Sr, Y, HREE и U, которая указывает на генетическую связь рудных и редкоземельных минералов. Ni, Co, Zn и Cr находятся в сильной корреляционной связи между собой и концентрируются в рудных минералах. Элементы Mo, Tl и V имеют генетическую связь с аквагенным органическим веществом. Данные факторного анализа свидетельствуют о привносе редких компонентов (Cs, Rb, Th, Nb, Ta, Sn, Be, Sc и Pb) в связи с постимпактной гидротермальной деятельностью. Установлено, что в зоне развития зювитов углеродсодержащие породы характеризуются более высокими содержаниями Ni и Co по отношению к породам исходного субстрата на удалении от борта астроблемы. Заключение: В результате выявлена геохимическая специфика компонентов, в целом свидетельствующая о привносе некоторых рудных и редкоземельных элементов в породы мишени Карской астроблемы в результате постимпактной гидротермальной деятельности, мобилизации, переотложения и концентрирования вещества. Анализ содержаний Ni, Co и Cr указывает на частичное обогащение космическим веществом пород мишени ближайшего окружения кратера, находящихся в области интенсивного ударного дробления, дезинтегрирования и гидротермальной минерализации.
One-Year Post COVID-19 Change in Physical Fitness of Primary School Children and Its Individual-Level Predictors
Authors: Mieziene Brigita , Dilys Laurynas , Emeljanovas Arunas
Published: April 2024

Objectives. The study aimed to evaluate physical fitness and its dynamics in a year among primary school children aged 7 to 10 years old concerning the child’s individual factors (health-related: physical activity, sedentary behaviour; and psychosocial: physical activity enjoyment).
Materials and methods. The study involved a sample consisting of 902 1st-3rd grade students (49% of boys and 51% of girls), who participated in physical fitness testing at baseline and follow-up in a year. Additionally, questionnaire-based data were collected from students and parents. Physical fitness was evaluated by administering eight out of nine tests from a 9-item test battery developed by Fjørtoft et al. (2011). The participants’ height and weight were measured using a mechanical stadiometer platform (Seca 274, Hamburg, Germany; TEM50.01%) and a portable electronic scale — a TANITA BC 420 SMA (Tanita Europe BV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), respectively. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, participation in sports, physical activity enjoyment were evaluated by children and parents at different time points.
Results. The results indicated that physical fitness had improved from baseline to follow-up, with some exceptions for particular tests and genders. Vigorous physical activity at Time 1 predicted better hand muscle strength (Std β = .18) and agility (Std β = -.12) at Time 2. The findings showed that participation in sports at Time 1 was also predictive of improved agility (Std β =.15). Moderate to vigorous physical activity at Time 1 predicted enhanced speed at Time 2 (Std β = -.16). The motivation for physical activity at Time 2 was found to be related to improvements in agility (Std β = - 0.18) and speed (Std β = -0.30), while there was a decline in hand muscle strength (Std β = -0.11). Altogether, predictors were able to significantly explain 10 percent of agility and 13 percent of speed test results.
Conclusions. As children grow and develop, their physical fitness levels tend to change in response to various factors including different physical activity indicators, as well as motivation for engaging in physical activity.
Unraveling the Mistakes: An Analysis of Student Errors in Translating Literary Texts
Authors: Rexhepi Sadije , Blakaj-Gashi Albulena , Haklaj Agnesa
Published: April 2024

The aim of this paper is to analyse the translation performance of German students at the University of Prishtina when translating literary texts from German into Albanian. The paper focuses on the question of whether errors occur during the translation process in the areas of grammar, orthography, semantics, and sentence structure, including possible interference errors between the two languages. These errors may arise due to uncertainties, carelessness, or the influence of other languages. The interference of German manifests itself primarily in the lexical level and sentence structure. If the languages have differences in sentence structure, this interference leads to grammatically incorrect sentences. An interference of Albanian is also noticeable, primarily on a pragmatic level, which is mainly determined by the cultural context. Errors are a characteristic feature of foreign language learners. They are a phenomenon that affects not only foreign language learners but also native speakers. This paper analyses and classifies the errors that German students at the University of Prishtina make when translating by applying the theoretical, analytical, and contrastive methods in the translation of literary texts.
The Effect of Using the Contemplative Approach to Enhance Speaking and Critical Thinking Skills in the EFL Undergraduate Literature Classroom
Authors: Wangmanee Preeyapha , Kaowiwattanakul Sukanya
Published: April 2024

This research study explored the effect of using the contemplative approach to enhance speaking skills and critical thinking skills in the EFL literature classroom which aimed to 1) investigate English speaking skills and 2) investigate students’ critical thinking skills in the EFL literature classroom. This research study applied a mixed-method research design. Data collection was conducted in both qualitative and quantitative formats. Instruments were an English speaking test, a critical thinking test, classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and a reflective journal. The sample group was eleven second-year students of the English studies major who enrolled in the literary adaptation course in the second semester of the academic year 2022 at Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Thailand by purposive sampling with the volunteers who were interviewed and joined the activities. The quantitative data was analyzed by descriptive statistics while the qualitative data was classified, analyzed, and reported by the objective items. The findings indicate that contemplative approaches can significantly enhance students' English-speaking skills. Although the results suggest that participating in contemplative activities did not have a statistically significant impact on the participants' critical thinking abilities, a slight improvement was observed in their critical thinking skills.
Factors Affecting Acceptance of Cloud-Based Computer-Assisted Translation Tools Among Translation Students
Authors: Alotaibi Hind M.
Published: April 2024

Translation technology is a fundamental aspect of the translation profession. Cloud-based computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools are becoming popular among translators because of their simplicity and usability. However, studies on the factors affecting the use of cloud-based CAT tools by translators and translation students are scarce. Therefore, this study explores the factors that influence the acceptance and use of such tools among translation students using the technology acceptance model (TAM). The hypothesized model is empirically validated using a survey of 181 participants. Using structural equation modeling, data analysis suggests that translation students' intention to use cloud-based CAT tools and their perceived usefulness are key adoption factors, while actual use is less significant. The simplicity of cloud-based CAT tools is also an important consideration, particularly for translation students with limited information technology experience. The implications for tool developers and translation instructors are discussed considering these findings.
Saudi Female’s Arabic Requests: A Comparative Study of Face-to-Face and Text-Based Communications
Authors: Alharbi Ikhlas M. , Aldaghri Ashwaq A.
Published: April 2024

This mix-method study aimed to investigate the influence of communication media on the realization of the speech act of request in Arabic. Thus, it examined the number of words and the type of modification devices in the request of 40 Saudi female postgraduate students in equal power situations across two communication channels: face-to-face and WhatsApp text-based interactions. The data is collected using a discourse completion task with four situations that varied in the degree of imposition and social distance. The collected data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Two samples t-test was used to analyze the collected data along with a modified version of Blum-Kulka and Olshtain’s (1984) coding scheme for categorizing the modification devices. The study found that participants produced more words in WhatsApp text-based communication than face-to-face communication, but no significant difference was found except in the context of (+I, +D). External modifiers were produced more than internal ones, especially grounders. Social distance influenced modifier frequency, while imposition only affected disarmers. The study implies modification devices are obligatory rather than optional in Saudi culture.
A Cognitive Stylistics Approach to Translation
Authors: Abed Maawa S. , Ahmed Mohammed N.
Published: April 2024

The paper aims to consider the translation process by drawing light on the use of language from a cognitive stylistic perspective. It looks at translators' performance as a cognitive process to understand the stylistic devices of texts. The paper clarifies the multiple stylistic devices, their applications, and how they are used to attract the receiver’s attention to a specific element more than others by analyzing twenty-four Arabic translations according to stylistic functions, effects, and cognitive interpretations of twelve texts from the book "A Brief History of Time" by Hawking (1988). It demonstrates that using cognitive stylistic devices enhances cognitive operations and interpretation, and produces a creative and motivated text with more emotional effects.
Atrocity in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale: A Critical Discourse Approach
Authors: Al-Furaiji Weam L. , Ali Elsadig Hussein Fadlalla , Ahmed Zahir Adam , Hassan Haytham Othman , Eltom Sarrah Osman , Zaeid Haider Falah
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the discursive tactics employed in The Handmaid's Tale to (re)produce social reality. Using critical discourse analysis, the study reveals the ideological polarization between a favorable self-presentation and a negative portrayal of the other. Through the analysis of excerpts and the application of Van Dijk's framework, the pervasive use of discursive techniques is uncovered, emphasizing the ideological division between a positive self-portrayal and a negative depiction of the other. Pronouns and adjectives play a crucial role in conveying optimistic self-representations and pessimistic other representations, highlighting the characters' struggle against the inherent sexism and patriarchy within legal systems. The findings demonstrate the significance of polarization, lexicalization, positive and negative representation tactics, and the proximity of contrasting stages, illustrating the tension between the individual and society. Considering these results, the paper recommends fostering awareness and critical analysis of discursive tactics, promoting diverse narratives to cultivate empathy and understanding, encouraging dialogue and critical engagement, and actively addressing and challenging gender inequality. These recommendations aim to deepen our understanding of how discursive tactics shape social reality and promote a more equitable and inclusive society. By recognizing and interrogating these discursive strategies, individuals can navigate and challenge the manipulation of language and narrative. The study's insights contribute to a broader understanding of the underlying gender inequality and societal tensions portrayed in The Handmaid's Tale, shedding light on the power dynamics and systemic oppression present in society.
Silent Letters in the Balinese Script | | Adeg Adeg: A Graphetic and Graphematic Feature Analysis
Authors: Paramarta I K. , Indrawan G. , Rai I B.
Published: April 2024

The concept of “silent letters” relates to graphic symbols that are not pronounced or that do not have mapping with a specific linguistic unit. In the context of processing the mapping of sequences of linguistic units to writing, this concept often results in ambiguity. The Balinese script, which refers to a silent letter, appears in a basic shape || adeg adeg. Scholars of Balinese script define adeg adeg as a process to eliminate characters (Akshara’s), resulting in consonants without inherent vowels. This explanation is very metaphorical, ambiguous, and not based on adequate terms to describe graphetic and graphematic features that are related to mappings between graphic unit sequences and linguistic unit sequences. Balinese script || adeg adeg as primary data comes from the 16.162 lemma in the Balinese dictionary - Indonesian with Latin and Balinese script. Adeg adeg is analyzed both graphically and graphematically to identify its characteristics, with the stages of analysis adapted from the Multimodular Model of Writing System proposed by Meletis (2018). Graphetic analysis shows that the adeg adeg is identified as basic shapes || with three salient graphetic features: -recodability, -paired variants, and +additive. Graphematically, adeg-adeg is defined as a grapheme <> with the following features: +lexical distinctiveness, +linguistic value, and +minimality. The clarity of graphetic and graphematic characteristics significantly contributes to a more comprehensive and transparent cognitive-linguistic mechanism depiction, especially in deciphering writing systems based on Akshara’s highly complex characteristics.
Exploring Cognitive Teaching Approaches for Inclusive Translation Online Classes: A Case Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Madkour Magda , Alaskar Hajer
Published: April 2024

This study explored teachers’ lived experiences of teaching translation inclusively online for the first time during the lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants teach English and translation in the English Department, College of Languages and Translation, at Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a 5-point Likert questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The study delved into the teaching approaches that teachers used to achieve course objectives, and the technology tools they embedded into the Learning Management System (LMS). The results indicated (73%) positive experiences, with (86.8%) finding the LMS effective for delivering instructional plans and (78.5%) reporting an increase in awareness of continuous technology education. The emergent themes of cognitive approaches included project-based instruction (89%), collaborative techniques (71%), conference-based strategies (64%), and constructivist approaches (50%). The results also showed improvements in students’ translation skills (80.7%), linguistic abilities (83.2%), social skills (78.5%), communicative skills (65.1%), and psychometric abilities (78.3%), indicating the positive effects of technology on cognitive domains. The findings illustrated that adopting effective instructional methods and integrating operative technological tools can significantly contribute to delivering enriched online content. The study recommends integrating Cultural Translation and Interpretation Studies (CTIS) and Cognitive Translation Studies (CTS) into professional development programs to enhance innovative teaching approaches for online settings. Consequently, the study contributes to language and translation education and technology by presenting an inclusive model that emphasizes the importance of incorporating translation theories, teaching methodologies, and appropriate technologies for effective online teaching.
TikTok: How the Application Became the Motivation for Online Learning for EFL Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Mulyanah Euis Yanah , Amarullah Ahmad , Ishak
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine whether the social media application TikTok effectively increases the motivation for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students to learn English using senior high school students in Tangerang, Indonesia, for the study. As 2022’s sixth most often used social media application in the world, TikTok provides many features that can be easily used for teaching and learning EFL. As a result, the researchers chose TikTok as a medium in the English teaching-learning process. A quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design and data collection through pre-tests and post-tests was used by the researchers along with quantitative descriptive research used in the data analysis, normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing (Mann-Whitney U). The results can be seen from the pre-test and post-test analysis using the Mann-Whitney U test, namely sig < 5% (0.000 < 0.05), and H0 was rejected which means that there is a significant difference in students’ motivation when learning English between the experimental class who were taught using the TikTok application and the control class students who were not taught using TikTok.