bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Effect of Moved Wastewater on Oxygen Release from Roots and Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Dong Chan , Huang Ying Hao , Wang Shun Cai
Published: July 2014

Constructed wetlands (CW) have been gaining increasing international interest and application because of their unique purification and ecology. Numerous studies have reported that plants or hydraulics influence pollutants removal in CW but the reasons and the relationship between them remain poorly known. This study experimentally investigated the effect of moved wastewater on oxygen release from roots and pollutants removal. Experimental results have demonstrated that more oxygen was released from roots of wetland plants with higher hydraulic loading rate. substrate water DO levels and pollutants removal are accordingly followed by the same pattern as dischargeable oxygen release rate which exhibits diurnal fluctuations. Moved wastewater in CW will stimulate root oxygen release, and stimulate organics and nitrogen removal by increasing oxygen supply for the processes of aerobic degradation and nitrification.
A Short-Term Model Experiment of Organic Pollutants Treatment with Aquatic Macrophytes in Industrial and Municipal Waste Waters
Authors: Andrianova Maria Ju. , Vorobjev Konstantin V. , Lednova Julia A. , Chusov Alexandr N.
Published: July 2014

Ability of plants to degrade waste water pollutants was studied in model experiment. The following aquatic macrophytes were used: Eichhornia crassipes, Cyperus alternifolius, Elodea densa and a mix of plants. Industrial and municipal waste water diluted by tap water to content 10% and 20% were used as a growth media for plants. Concentration of TOC, TN, chlorides and sulfates was measured in water during 7 days of incubation. The best results were obtained for Eichhornia crassipes which was able to decrease TOC and TN in water in 3 days of incubation: for TOC (in mg/l) from 47 to 24 (20% industrial waste water) and from 25 to 10 (20% municipal waste water); for TN (in mg/l) from 5,6 to 1,2 (20% industrial waste water) and from 2,5 to 0,35 (20% municipal waste water). Other plants also demonstrated improvement of water quality but were less effective. Concentration of chlorides remained close to initial level. Concentration of sulfates in several cases increased due to oxidation of sulfides.
Research and Application Progress of Yeast in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Shen Qiu Hua , Wang Xiao Jie , Li Xiao Jing
Published: July 2014

This paper introduces the characteristics of yeast in the process of wastewater treatment; and introduces the application on treatment of oily sewage, monosodium glutamate wastewater, metal ion wastewater using yeast; finally, this paper analyses the kinetic models of yeasts in wastewater treatment.
Discussion of Treatment of Wastewater and Sludge from Viscose Industry
Authors: Lun Hai Bo , Zhang Yi Ting
Published: July 2014

This paper has a preliminary discussion of viscose wastewater treatment, proposes the primary materialization treatment of viscose wastewater through experimentation and makes a contract analysis of the two technological processes of the sludge dehydration, thus summarizes the combination treatment of the primary materialization and plate and frame filter press for the viscose wastewater and sludge.
Study on the Flocculation Performance of Polysilicate Aluminum and Magnesium on Domestic Sewage
Authors: Li Jing , Xu Tao , Bao Dong Jie , Xu Zhilin , Liu Zhan Meng
Published: July 2014

Polysilicate aluminum and magnesium (PSAM) was prepared by using aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide as raw materials. Taking domestic sewage from Xingtai Polytechnic College as processing object, the flocculation performance of PSAM and other traditional flocculants was analyzed by coagulation and agitation test. The results show that PSAM has a good flocculation performance and is superior to the conventional flocculants such as polymerization aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate and magnesium sulfate in treating domestic sewage.
Research Progress in Removing Heavy Metals from Waste Water via Bio-Sorption
Authors: Sun Wei
Published: July 2014

Bio-absorption has an unparalleled advantage over other traditional methods in removing and recycling heavy metal ions from waste water. Consequently, it has a promising future. In this paper, the traditional methods and the bio-sorption method via which heavy metals are removed from waste water are compared to summarize the mechanism of bio-sorption, the types of bio-sorbent, the factors that can influence bio-sorption and the state of its application in waste water treatment .
Application and Development of Artificial Floating Island Technology
Authors: Chen Su , Chao Lei , Zhao Jun , Chen Ning , Wang Lin Shan , Liu Xin , Sun Li Na
Published: July 2014

As a rising phytoremediation technology, artificial floating island technology is increasingly used in wastewater purification. In this paper, studies on artificial floating islands at home and abroad were overviewed, including the variety of floating island, construction method of artificial floating island and the water improvement principle of artificial floating island. Artificial floating island technology is a kind of new ecological environment technology with many functions, such as pollutant purification, habitat restoration, ecosystem restoration, and landscape improvement. It has good application prospects in the area of comprehensive water body control.
Based on the Land Resources Reuse under the Condition of Projects Benefit Analysis
Authors: Zhang Wei Min , Cao Zhi Chao
Published: July 2014

This article is based on colleges in the utilization of land resources, through land development project in a university in xi 'an, cost - benefit analysis. We concluded that the reuse of land resources, which is beneficial to alleviate the debt, improve the quality of school-running, relieve the tense situation of land.
Tunnel Construction Dust Monitoring and Dust Control Technology of High Altitude and High and Cold Area
Authors: Xu Yu , Yang Dong Hui , Zhang Yu Wei
Published: July 2014

In order to improve the high altitude harsh construction environment, study tunnel construction dust concentration and distribution law of different construction section, using the membrane filter dust method to achieve the dust concentration of different section, using the statistical to analysis the origin and distribution law, putting forward different dust control measures for different construction stages, to improve the high altitude tunnel construction environment. The results of dust prevention and control of high altitude region are of great significance.
A Review of Research Development of Ventilated Double-Skin Facade
Authors: Feng Xin , Yang Hua , Feng Xi Yang , Jin Feng Yun , Xia Guo Qiang
Published: July 2014

Demands for the building energy conservation, thermal and visual comfort make the ventilated double-skin facade (DSF) more attractive and more popular in commercial buildings. This paper reviews the recent research development of ventilated double-skin facade in China. The velocity and temperature distribution in the double-skin facade (DSF) are reviewed, together with the effects of glass types, channel width, intensity of solar radiation and shading methods on the heat transfer of ventilated double-skin facade (DSF). This paper also describes the effect of the different combinations of glass, blinds settings, ventilation rate and the channel width, intensity of solar radiation and shading. Furthermore, the methods to improve the energy saving of ventilated double-skin facade (DSF) are also reviewed.
Comparison Research on US-China Green Building Practice
Authors: Yang Yun Hui
Published: July 2014

China's unit energy consumption of building area is two to three times higher than the developed countries with similar climatic conditions. The heavy energy burden of building industry has become a constraint to sustainable development of China's economy. Green building is the inevitable choice to change the severe situation in China. Green building is undoubtedly a great emerging market for the Chinese building industry in terms of environmental responsibilities and market benefits. LEED is operated successfully in the U.S and globally. This paper represents the comparison of US-China green building practice with respect to various aspects of the two green building rating systems and their practice in construction. The comparison was refined based on literature reviews, requests for information from certification system owners, and interviews with certification system users and members of the industry advisory group.
Experimental Study on Opening or Closing Performance of Ventilated Double-Skin Facade on the Airflow Window in Winter
Authors: Feng Xi Yang , Yang Hua , Feng Xin , Jin Feng Yun , Xia Guo Qiang
Published: July 2014

An actual office building with ventilated double-skin facade (VDSF) in cold region has been studied for researching the opening or closing performance of VDSF on the airflow window in winter. In the daytime of winter, airflow window of external facade should be closed, and airflow window of internal facade should be open, according to which the indoor temperature can be kept at a comfortable level effectively, and the purpose of reducing the indoor thermal load and the building energy consumption of air conditioning can be reached. The research also provides the best time of the airflow window of internal facade to open and close. If one directly applies the analysis of experimental results to guide the construction of VDSF and other energy-saving design of buildings, it can provide a reliable reference for similar projects.
Green Building Development Features in China
Authors: Yang Yun Hui
Published: July 2014

China has the biggest building construction market in the world today and it is growing at an explosive rate. At present, more than 85% of China's newly constructed buildings and more than 95% of the existing buildings are high energy consumption buildings. 1 Green building is undoubtedly a great emerging market for the Chinese building industry, green and clean technology and products are becoming rapidly growing market in China. Both the new green building construction and existing building’s energy retrofit market will significantly grow in future. This paper discusses features of the green building development in China with respect to various aspects of the green building development situations, green building rating systems and its features so as to make further improvements. The discussion was refined based on literature reviews, requests for information from certification system owners, and interviews with certification system users and members of the industry advisory group.
New Concept of Green Building Evaluation: Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model
Authors: Yan Ling , Wang Fei , Dong Zheng
Published: July 2014

A multi-criteria decision-making model is put forward here in, which makes up the deficiency of the traditional methods, those are not applicable to the feasibility study concerned, for environment evaluation of buildings on the basis of the decision-making made on the results from the evaluations of the relevant alternative plans in the aspects of economy, society, environment and human being, and then help to select the plan of the green building developments as well.
Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Green Ecological Mine Construction Based on ISM
Authors: Xin Chun Hua , Wang Cui Xiang
Published: July 2014

On the basis of statistic analysis of the green ecological innovation and mine construction at home and abroad, considering characteristics of mining enterprise, the paper chooses eleven influencing factors of green ecological mine construction, establishes the system structural model to analyze the relational structure of these factors by applying ISM model, and then finds out the direct factors, important internal factors, key factors, crucial external driving factors, and basic factors of the green ecological mine construction from the complicated factors and factor chain, which can help understanding the main factors as well as the relationships and mechanism among all factors. The paper can provide theoretical direction for the green ecological mine construction.
Activation of Ca-Based CO2 Sorbent by Hydration in Repetitive Calcination-Carbonation Reactions
Authors: Zhao Yu Qing , Qiao Chun Zhen , Chen Wei Jiao
Published: July 2014

The carbonation characteristics of Ca-based CO2 absorbent hydrated by water were investigated as part of a multi-cycle performance study, and the change of the microstructure, pore radius and specific surface area of the absorbent with the number of cycles was researched. The results show that, conversion of sorbent hydrated by water is enhanced to 85% after 10 cycle, significantly higher than the 20% achieved by dry limestone cycle. Because the specific surface area is greatly enhanced, as well as the distributions of pore radius is improved in the hydration process, which develop an effective way to retain the fine qualities of Ca-based CO2 sorbents in a repetitive calcination-carbonation process.
Construction of Ecological Environment Management Platform Based on Supermap IS.NET
Authors: Yu Ming Yang , Shi Tong Guang , Meng Fei
Published: July 2014

This paper is based on development platform of Supermap IS.NET to discuss the overall structure, topological structure, function and database design and other aspects of eco-environment comprehensive management platform in Shandong Province according to some characteristics of eco-environment multi-elements composite system .for example ,when it comes to a wide range of massive information having strong temporal and spatial variation ,we need to make attention to summarize the issues in the process of design . System predicts and judges the trend of eco-environmental development by establishing ecological monitoring information database, integrating observational data, analyzing data at laboratory and industrial management, storing background value of eco-environmental conditions, which provides reference for eco-environment al monitoring and evaluation.
Determination and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals on the Source of Underground Water in Yulin City
Authors: Zhang Ya Ning , Han Hai Ying , Wu Xi Jun
Published: July 2014

The source of the underground water in Yulin city were applied to monitor and evaluate five kinds of heavy metals which are Cr6+, Cd, As, Pb and Hg, and it revealed that the concentration of them were lower than the "drinking water health standards" (GB5749-2006), taking the source of drinking water in Yulin University as an example. A preliminary health risk assessment of the risk caused by drinking water has been done, based on the health risk assessment model recommended by USA Environmental Protection Agency. The datum showed that the health risk of carcinogenic substances (Cr6+, Cd and As) were much larger than that of non-carcinogenic substances (Pb, Hg) , so the priority control sequence should be Cr6+>Cd>As>Pb>Hg. The result showed that, human health of personal annual risk caused by the heavy metal pollutants in drinking water from the campus of Yulin University had exceeded the acceptable health risk level of 5 × 10-5/a which is established by the Radiation Protection Committee. Cr6+ is the main contribution, and should cause the attention of the relevant departments, also is the priority governance indicators.
Landslide Groundwater Dynamic Monitoring in the Process of Water Content Instrument Installation Technology Research
Authors: Li Gang , Yang Xiu Yuan , Deng Bing
Published: July 2014

Moisture content meter due to their high sensitivity and stability , is widely applied in landslide groundwater dynamic monitoring. This article introduce moisture content instrument installation procedure and way on an actual landslide. Through long-term operation, the installation process provides a powerful technical support for groundwater dynamic monitoring data of stability and real measurement .Monitoring data of real access to provide reliable data support for the research of landslide stability.
Minimum Particle Diameter of the Sulfur-Doped Nano-TiO2 Transparent Hydrosol at Room Temperature
Authors: Li Ling , Zhang Hua Yan , Li Xiao Wei , Xu Zi Hao , Wang Sen , Zhao Xiao Hui , Dong Guo Yi
Published: July 2014

Sulfur-doped nanoTiO2 transparent hydrosol with an average particle size of 3.8 nm was synthesized by a novel complexation-controlled hydrolysis method at room temperature and atmospheric pressure by using TiCl4, thiourea, organic carboxylic acid, NH3 H2O, D-sorbitol etc. as raw materials. The composition, phase structure, particle size, absorbance spectrum, and photocatalytic performance of samples were characterized by XRD, nanolaser particle size analyzer, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. In addition, the influence of reaction conditions in the synthesis process was also studied. The results indicate that when nanoparticle doped with 0.5% S, and the reflux time was 15 min, the photocatalytic performance of sulfur-doped TiO2 hydrosol was best.
Optimization and Selection of Automatic Monitoring Indicators in Beer Manufacturing
Authors: Wang Di , You Kun , Fu Jin Xiang
Published: July 2014

Automatic monitoring indicators system of pollution is the key and foundation to construct network of pollutions in total amount monitoring.Scientific and reasonable indicators system can reflect pollutant situation and influence on water environment.Automatic monitoring indicators in pollution of sources are confined to COD and ammonia nitrogen as well as short of monitoring indicators to character features of pollutional sources.It is necessary to conduct optimization and selection of automatic monitoring indicators.Based on beer manufacturing in demonstration area as the research object,analyze sources of pollution in Qinghe basin producing and sewage situation;adopt screening methods to complete optimization and selection of automatic monitoring indicators.Build the system of automatic monitoring indicators in beer manufacturing successfully to provide theoretical support for constructing network of water pollutant total amount monitoring.
Research of Antibiotics Pollution in Soil Environments and theirs Biological Degradation
Authors: Chen Ning , Chen Su , Chao Lei , Sun Li Na , Zheng Dong Mei , Liu Qin , Zhang Qian
Published: July 2014

With the increase of antibiotics usage, concerns on antibiotics contamination have been raised because of their serious environmental impacts in recent years. Antibiotics have become the emerging contaminants of soil. This paper reviews the pollution situation, the potential harm and the way of biodegradation of antibiotics in order to provide the reference to eliminate antibiotics pollution.
Status Analysis on Construction and Operational Effectiveness of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in Guangxi
Authors: Wu Qiong Fang , Cheng Guan Wen , Liang Ning Shu , Qin Xu Jiang , Han Biao , Huang Fu Ping
Published: July 2014

In “Eleventh Five-Year” period, Guangxi has vigorously promoted the construction of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The statistics about construction scale shows that most of sewage treatment plants are small-scale. The main processes adopted in the plants are Oxidation ditch(OD), A²/O and SBR and its improved processes. The loading rate is generally low. COD and BOD removal effect are 78% and 87%. In scale of below 2×104m³/d, 2-5×104m³/d,5-10×104m³/d and more than 10×104m³/d, the costs of Diatomite, Oxidation ditch(OD), Oxidation ditch(OD), A²/O processes are relatively provincial, respectively. Meanwhile, the running costs of sewage treatment plants are mainly affected by the scale of construction and loading rate.
Attractiveness of the Area in the Context of Individual Housing
Authors: Vašíček Ondřej , Budina Martin , Nehudek Tomáš
Published: July 2014

The term attractiveness holds in its meaning something indeterminate and subjective; none of us is able to say exactly what is and what is not generally attractive. Any good (and land) can be considered as attractive as it is attractive, appealing, engaging, interesting for us and above all, whether it meets our needs. The attraction of the area is perceived by each of us individually, often quite differently, depending on our current and long-term needs, activities, age, social status, etc. In the literature, there are often terms such as quality of life, housing quality, attractive housing, but the concept of attractiveness of the area is not particularly mentioned. In the present article, there are the factors that undoubtedly greatly affect the lives of all people living in houses, especially in the hinterlands of cities, and it is possible to establish a modeling of attractiveness of the area for residential, individual housing on the evaluation and analysis of these factors.
Safeguard Mechanism Construction of Environmental Comprehensive Improvement in Qinhuangdao Offshore Area
Authors: Peng Yu Dan , Liu Ting Ting , Chen Shan Shan , Li Yang , Wang Ying
Published: July 2014

Qinhuangdao is an important coastal tourism and port trade city in our country, and its environmental change and development trend of the offshore area will directly affect the future development of the city[1]. This paper analyzes the comprehensive renovation of Qinhuangdao offshore environment, and puts forward to build such five safeguard mechanisms as the organizational guarantee, support guarantee, capital support, technical support and public participation, aiming to improve the Qinhuangdao offshore water environmental conditions and promote the sustainable development of the coastal zone region.
Study on Plant-Microbial Remediation of Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil
Authors: Chen Ning , Chen Su , Chao Lei , Sun Li Na , Zheng Dong Mei , Liu Qin , Zhang Qian
Published: July 2014

In the recent years, antibiotics and heavy metals have become common pollutants in soil. Plant-microbial remediation is promising for the management of antibiotics and heavy metals pollution in soil. This paper talks about the mechanization of plant-microbial remediation, finds the advantages and disadvantages about plant-microbial technology, summarizes the method of selection of the plant and microbial, influential factors, and discusses the future research priorities of plant-microbial remediation.
The Current Situation and Treatment and Disposal Techniques of Antibiotic Bacterial Residues in China
Authors: Han Hong Jun , Zheng Shi Yi , Ma Wen Cheng , Huang Ji Hua , Chen Ling Yue , Liu Xiao , Jia Sheng Yong , Mu Jin Ming
Published: July 2014

China is the largest antibiotic producer, producing a large amount of antibiotic bacterial residues classified to hazard wastes in 2008. It is urgent to find suitable techniques to dispose antibiotic bacterial residues for pharmaceutical enterprises. In this paper, the characteristics of antibiotic bacterial residues are discussed and the current situation and treatment and disposal techniques are summarized, including the technology of composting, incineration, feed stuff, landfill and energy regeneration and so on. In the last, the future development trend of dealing with antibiotic bacterial residues is prospected.
The Exploration of Public Participation Mechanism in Ecological Civilization Construction
Authors: Chen Chun Yan , He Xue
Published: July 2014

Public participation has become an important foundation and the first condition in china ecological civilization construction. Therefore, this paper points to analyze the public participation’s significance and constrains in the process of china’s ecological civilization construction, and put forwards some countermeasure and suggestion for improving public participation in ecological civilization construction.
Dissolution Behavior of Fluorine from AOD Slag after Treatments for Volume Stabilization
Authors: Yang Qi Xing , Xu An Jun , Engström Fredrik , Han Feng Lan , Xue Peng , He Dong Feng , Björkman Bo
Published: July 2014

AOD slag samples from steel works of Outokumpu Stainless Company were used to study F-dissolution relating to treatments for volume stabilization. Results from the slag tests and sample characterizations indicate that the slag re-melting with or without reduction and granulation with either water or gas have rather small effects on F leaching, as well as formation of different C2S polymorphs. The chemical composition and cooling condition are the two important parameters to control F leaching from slag samples. These two parameters should be combined together in an optimum way by the steel industry to treat slags for F-immobilization.
Anaerobic Fermentation Characteristic of Rice Straw Pretreated by HCl
Authors: Dai Ben Lin , Zhu An Feng , Mu Fei Hu , Xu Ning , Wu Zhen
Published: July 2014

The anaerobic fermentation characteristic of rice straw pretreated by HCl was studied. The results showed that the test pH values of different pretreatment conditions mainly range from 5.09 to 7.52. The peak value of biogas production was attained of 2% HCl pretreatment on the 20th day, which is 1 180 mL. The test daily methane content of different pretreatment conditions mainly ranges from 3.2% to 58.1%. However, the cumulative biogas production by using HCl pretreatment of rice straw during anaerobic fermentation is poor.
Water Quality Evaluation Research Based on Fuzzy Mathematics in Weihe
Authors: Dong Ying , Zhou Jian Hua , Wu Xi Jun
Published: July 2014

Weihe is the largest river in Shaanxi province. The comprehensive evaluation of the monitoring datas in 2012 in Weihe Tongguan drawbridge section was presented in this paper by using the FCE method. The results showed that the water quality pollution levels in this section are Class V, I, IV and V respectively in the four quarters which are spring, summer, autumn and winter, the main pollutant is NH3-N. Compared with the traditional method of single factor assessment, this method can reflect the water quality more comprehensively and reasonably.
Effects of Sand-Stabilization on Plant Abundance of Interdune Lowlands in the Active Sand Dune Fields
Authors: Yan Shou Gang , Xu Qing Tao
Published: July 2014

Sand-stabilization may exert enormous effects on plant abundance in interdune lowlands in the active sand dune fields. We investigated the plant abundance of 11 interdune lowlands in stabilized and active dunes, respectively, and analyzed the relationship of plant abundance and lowland area. 1) With the enlargement of lowland area, plant abundance of interdune lowlands in stabilized and active dune increased following logarithmic and power functions, respectively. When the area was the same, abundance of stabilized dunes was more than that of active dunes. 2) With the increasing of lowland area in stabilized and active dunes, psammophytes plant abundance relative to the overall plant abundance decreased exponentially. When the area was the same, the percentage in lowlands of active dunes was more than that of stabilized dunes. We concluded that the practice of sand-stabilization could improve plant abundance in interdune lowlands, however, which is at the cost of loss of psammophytes.
Inhibitory Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Tropical Forest Plants on Urea Hydrolysis and Nitrification in Soil
Authors: Shi Yun Feng , Zhang Li Li , Zhao Mu Qiu , Xu Xiao Xiong
Published: July 2014

Tropical forest plants contain a variety of secondary metabolites, and plant aqueous extracts can be used as urease and nitrification inhibitors to improve nitrogen use efficiency and reduce the negative environmental effects. An incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of aqueous extracts of 60 tropical forest plant species from 16 families on urea hydrolysis and nitrification. The results indicated that the aqueous extracts from 3 of the tropical forest plants (Aphanamixis polystachya, Toona sinensis, Vatica mangachapoi) belonging to meliaceae and dipterocarpaceae showed good inhibitory effects on urease, and the aqueous extracts from 5 of the tropical forest plants (Cryptocarya chinensis, Cryptocarya hainanensis, Toona sinensis, Khaya senegalensis, Hopea hainanensis) belonging to lauraceae, meliaceae and ipterocarpaceae showed good inhibitory effects on nitrification. The inhibitory effects of active substances in plants were affected by extract temperature, and the plants can be divided into three types by solubility and thermal stability. Toona sinensis had the most potential for development in this study as urea additive. The inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of Toona sinensis leaves on urea hydrolysis and nitrification increased with increasing concentration of aqueous extracts, the strongest inhibitory effect on urease occurred after 2-3 d of incubation, and the strongest inhibitory effect on nitrification occurred after 2-3 weeks of incubation.
Marine Environment Impact Analysis and Countermeasures on Sea Water Utilization Project
Authors: Miao Ying Xia , Wang Shu Xun , Li Lu Yang , Jiang Tian Xiang , Wang Jing
Published: July 2014

Sea water utilization projects are catching attention as the seawater utilization industry continues to grow. This paper analyzes the marine environment impact from different kind of sea water utilization projects such as seawater desalination, direct seawater utilization and seawater chemical resource extraction, and brieflypresents relevant countermeasures.
Simulation of Final Cover Systems in Mitigating Landfill Gas Migration
Authors: Vangpaisal Thaveesak
Published: July 2014

Landfill cover systems have to serve as a hydraulic barrier as well as a gas barrier. The ability of multilayered cover systems to mitigate landfill gas migration was assessed. A finite element model, SEEP/W®, was used to simulate the landfill cover system. It was found that gas advective flux through the single GCL barrier was highly dependent on the differential gas pressure across the cover system and the conditions of soils above the barrier layer. The change from wet to dry condition resulted in the increase of gas flux up to 3000 times. Gas flux variations were much lower for the case of a single CCL. The use of a geomembrane on top of a CCL or a GCL significantly increased the effectiveness of the barrier layer in mitigating gas migration, particularly in a dry climatic condition. Furthermore, the change of the cover conditions had less effect on gas flux through a composite cover system than gas flux through a single barrier cover system. For the effective control of landfill gas migration, the cover system must be maintained at the high moisture content conditions.
Development and Application of Molecular Biology Techniques in Environmental Treatment
Authors: Yu Yang , Yu Hai Jiao
Published: July 2014

The application of molecular biology technique to expand the breadth and depth of the study of environmental microbiology, the researchers from the microscopic point of view more detailed deep understanding of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of microorganisms on the degradation of pollutants, and at the same time, the advanced molecular biology technology for environmental monitoring, environmental pollution treatment, bioremediation of the contaminated environment provides the basis and method for faster, more sensitive, more scientific, which greatly promoted the progress of pollution control practice. The basic theory of molecular biology technology and its application in wastewater through the detection of microorganisms are shown.
Urea (CO(NH2)2) Pretreatment Improve Biogas Production Performance of Rice Straw
Authors: Dai Ben Lin , Zhu An Feng , Mu Fei Hu , Xu Ning , Wu Zhen
Published: July 2014

To discuss the internal effect of urea (CO(NH2)2) pretreatment on anaerobic digestion biogas production of rice straw waste, a self-designed laboratory-scale continuous anaerobic biogas digester was used in this study. Anaerobic biogas slurry, urea pretreatment and anaerobic digestion were evaluated for biogas production from rice straw. The results showed that the peak value of biogas production was attained on the 17th day by using 6% urea pretreatment on rice straw. However, the highest CH4 content was 49.8% on the 15th day for the 8% urea-treated rice straw. The cumulative biogas production of 6% urea pretreatment was the highest, about 16 540 mL, which was followed by 2% urea (12 283 mL), 8% urea (9 883 mL), and 4% urea (5 668 mL).
Effect of Exogenous Spermidine on the Absorption of Copper Ions in Salix Matsudana
Authors: Tang Chun Fang , Song Jin Feng , Li Ke Lin , Li Bing , Zhang Ri Qing
Published: July 2014

The absorption characteristics of copper and the effect of spermidine on the absorption of copper ions were investigated in Salix Matsudana in a short-term hydroponic experiment. There different concentrations of copper ions with or without the addition of spermidine in nutrition solution were conducted in this experiment. The effect of spermidine on the adsorption by S. Matsudana was also studied. 5, 10, 20 mg/L were chosen as the copper stress concentration. Absorption time and the initial copper concentration influence the absorption process in S. Matsudana. The absorption rates increased very fast at the first hours then increased slightly and attained an asymptotic value. After 72 h, the removal rates of Cu were 75.00%, 61.47% and 43.60% with the initial copper concentrations of 5, 10, 20 mg/L, respectively. The addition of spermidine influenced the absorption process of Cu by S. Matsudana. In 72 h, the treatment with spermidine increased the copper removal by S. Matsudana than the only copper treatment. Results indicated that exogenous spermidine could improve the absorption of copper in S. Matsudana and was beneficial to phytoremediation in heavy metal contaminated environment.
Study of the Oxygen Supply, Propelling and Mixing Performance Optimization Conditions of an Improved Carrousel Oxidation Ditch
Authors: Zhang Wen Qin , Li Bo Lin , Li Ye , Yan Xue Ping
Published: July 2014

The oxygen supply, propelling and mixing performance optimization conditions of a reactor are studied by adopting a pilot-scale system and a production test system for an improved Carrousel oxidation ditch, including the influence of flow velocity on the mass transfer of DO, the influence of the flow state on the denitrification and energy conservation of the oxidation ditch, and the influence of the particle sizes of floc inactivated sludge on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND). The results indicate that as the flow velocity increases, the mass transfer of DO is better. The appropriate operating condition is regulated and controlled so that the denitrification efficiency of the system can be improved. The starting number of aeration wheels is reduced from 5 to 2, the particle sizes of large-ratio floc in the activated sludge are increased from 20 to 130 μm, and the removal rate of total nitrogen is improved from 44%-49% to 69%-75%.
A Southern Highway Asphalt Pavement Analysis and Treatment of Water Damage
Authors: Li Wen Li
Published: July 2014

Through a highway asphalt pavement condition survey and analysis of the main causes of disease, through material selection and grading design, the design of the treatment structure, class structure using the drainage layer, exclude the internal structure of the water surface; focused on solving the asphalt pavement water damage issues, effectively extending the life of the highway.
Frequency Domain Analysis to Vibration Respones of Subgrade Induced by Train at Seasonally Frozen Region of Daqing in China
Authors: Tian Li Hui , Ling Xian Zhang , Wang Li Na , Zhang Feng
Published: July 2014

In this paper, on-the-spot measurement of the subgrade vibration induced by rail transit is con-ducted. According to the data, the power spectrum and 1/3 octave band are analyzed. The re-sults show that when the passenger train drives, the vibration level away from centerline of 30-60 m will increase with the vehicle speed. The main frequency of vibration energy decrease from 50-70 Hz to 25-35 Hz and optimal frequency decrease from 57.98 Hz to 31.25Hz. The attenuating speed of high frequency vi-bration is greater than that of low frequency vibration. The attenuating speed of high frequency vi-bration is greater than that of low frequency vibration. The center frequency that greater than 25Hz decay gradually in 1/3 octave band, but the center frequency vibration level changes within the range 1 to 20 Hz is smaller.
Analysis of Stress and Strain for Semi-Rigid Asphalt Pavement Based on Accelerated Loading Test
Authors: Zhuang Chuan Yi , Ye Ya Li
Published: July 2014

Through the construction of cement stabilized macadam and lime-fly ash stabilized macadam road, and strain gauges, vertical stress sensors and temperature sensors were laid in the pavement during construction. Pavement structure dynamic stress, strain, deflection and pavement temperature were collected. The correlation between pavement temperature and structural dynamic response was analyzed. The results showed that, tensile strain of semi-rigid base layer was less affected by temperature; structural deflection was great affected by the thickness of semi-rigid base. After a certain number of repeated loads, the delay rate of tensile strain of semi-rigid base layer increased first and then slowly decreased.
Experimental Study on Microseism Wave Propagation Characteristics of the Pavement Base
Authors: She Yan Hua
Published: July 2014

The simulation experiment of the vehicle action on pavement was carried on. In the progress of the experiment, HZ-MS48 microseismic monitoring system was used to collect microseismic waves. And these microseismic signals were disposed and analyzed. It introduced the scheme and the process of the data collecting experiment. After that, several types of microseismic waveform were compared and discussed. Also shock waves for transmitting characteristic in pavement base were studied. At the same time, taking a typical microseismic event location as a case, the precision of microseismic event location was confirmed, which put forward a new way for monitoring traffic vehicles.
Study on the Bearing Capacity Test for the Saline Soil Soft Ground
Authors: Liu Jun Yong , Zhang Liu Jun
Published: July 2014

The test methods provided by current related "specifications" do not apply to saline soil soft foundation bearing capacity test. Through discussing the limitations of the related specifications and based on the experience on saline soil soft ground capacity test, the paper made some improvements of test on such aspects: conditions of loading and stopping load, determination of the characteristic value of the ground bearing capacity and evaluation, the paper also put forward the saline soil soft ground capacity test method.
The Rail Profile Shape Dynamic Acquisition System Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Wang Jian , Wang Wei Ping , Zhang Meng Nan , Wang Ping
Published: July 2014

In order to solve the problem of the artificial detection method of rail abrasion ,which is low efficiency, low precision, not easy to store and so on, design and development of rail profile dynamic acquisition system based on LabVIEW, introduced the hardware and software design method. The system take the laser line on the rail surface as the detection object, which is not easily affected by external factors and high measuring accuracy; testing personnel can continuous push the inspection car to check on the track surface, which is high efficiency. The system can realize side abrasion and vertical abrasion of the rail, and calculate the total abrasion. It also can achieve the function of abrasion limit alarm and complete the data storage. It has the vital significance to improve the present situation of the work department, and guarantee the safety of railway system.
The Study on a New Composite Road Panel Structure
Authors: Qi Hu , Li Yun Gui , Liu Kang , Lu Hai Lu , Sun Jian Yun , Chen Gang
Published: July 2014

A kind of composite precast pavement system made by two composite and staggered layer panel is put forward, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to analyze the pavement system, and the calculation result is compared with the result of common precast pavement system. It shows that the proposed pavement system can greatly reduce the surface earth pressure, thus to improve the bearing capacity of pavement, and provide a new pavement structure system for the construction of site temporary road paving.
The Different Pavement Structure Combination Shear Stress Analyze
Authors: Gao Jian Hong
Published: July 2014

Based on the multi-layer elastic system theory, large general used finite element software is used to analysis in the paper. The pavement structure layer bottom three-direction maximal shear stress SXY, SYZ and SXZ are computed under the different axis load for four kind combinations. Through contrasting the three direction shear stress, the paper obtained some curves and laws about the pavement structure layer bottom three-direction shear stress along with the axis load change.
Acoustic Models for Dense- and Open-Graded Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Liu Yang
Published: July 2014

Empirical acoustic models were developed for dense-graded and open-graded asphalt concrete. Tire/pavement noise data were collected from in-service flexible pavements at different frequency bands for four consecutive years. These data were panel structured, and with a portion of observations missed arbitrarily. A Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) sampling and a multiple imputation (MI) algorithm were used to capture the unobserved heterogeneity and deal with missing observations by Bayesian simulations that are associated with the data. Models for the two mixes at different frequency bands were constructed. Major findings of the study include: first, tire/pavement noise increases with age at all frequency bands; second, tire/pavement noise level increases with air-void content of the surface mixes at medium and high frequencies but decreases at low frequencies; third, tire/pavement noise level increases with mean profile depth (MPD) at low and medium frequencies but decreases at high frequencies; and fourth, open-graded mix has low noise level compared to its dense-graded counterpart.
Acute Respiratory Failure as Primary Manifestation of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies-Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Sourla Evdokia , Bagalas Vasilis , Tsioulis Helias , Paspala Asimina , Akritidou Sofia , Pataka Athanasia , Fekete Katalin , Kioumis Ioannis P. , Stanopoulos Ioannis , Pitsiou Georgia
Published: July 2014

The systemic vasculitides are multifocal diseases characterized by the presence of blood vessel inflammation in multiple organ systems. Their clinical presentation is variable extending from self-limited illness to critical complications including diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis. Alveolar hemorrhage is a lifethreatening manifestation of pulmonary vasculitis that can rapidly progress into acute respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support. We present the case of a 74-year-old patient admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with severe hypoxic respiratory failure and diffuse alveolar infiltrates in chest imaging that was later diagnosed as antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis. The report highlights the importance of differentiate between alveolar hemorrhage and acute respiratory distress syndrome of other etiology because alveolar hemorrhage is reversible with prompt initiation of treatment.
A retrospective study of the health profile of neonates of mothers with anemia in pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Sotunde Olusola Funmilayo , Sanni Silifat Ajoke , Onabanjo Oluseye Olusegun , Olayiwola Ibiyemi O. , Agbonlahor Mure
Published: July 2014

Our study assessed the health profile of neonates in relation to anemia in pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). This was a retrospective study where a systematic random sampling technique was used to select a total of 1046 case records of pregnant women registered for ante-natal care at Lagos Island Maternity Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria, between 2005 and 2009. Socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers, prevalence of anemia and PIH, and neonatal health profile were obtained from the case records and were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson product moment correlation was used to show the relationship (P≤0.05) between maternal complications and neonatal health profile. Majority (68.8%) of the mothers had anemia and 6.7 % had PIH. Majority (97.12%) of the neonates were live births and 2.88% of the neonates were still births, 65.4% of the women with still birth pregnancy outcome had anemia, and 34.6% had PIH. Majority (74%) of the neonates had birth weight within normal range (2.5-4.0 kg) and majority (68%) had normal Apgar score at 5 min of birth (7- 10). A positive correlation existed between the packed cell volume of the mother and the birth weight of the neonates (r=0.740, P≤0.05). A negative correlation existed between the incidence of PIH and the birth weight of the neonates (r=
Unusual cause of paraplegia in a child of 5 years
Authors: Khan Nausheen , Vandewerke Irma
Published: July 2014

‘Hydatid’ originates from the Greek word meaning ‘watery vesicle’. It refers to a cyst formed as a result of infestation by larvae of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, endemic to sheep-raising areas of the world. Humans are an accidental intermediary host, with lungs and liver most commonly affected. Hydatid involvement of the spine accounts for less than 1% of the total cases of hydatid disease and isolated extradural involvement is even rarer. We report a case of extradural hydatid cyst involving a boy of 5 years.
The Problems in the teaching and learning of Accounting as a vocational subject in Nigeria Secondary Schools
Authors: Ezeagba CE
Published: July 2014

This study is designed to identify the problems facing the teaching and learning of Accounting as a vocational subject in secondary schools in Ondo State and to proffer solution. The study population was about 150 senior accounting teachers in those schools that registered students for  accounting at the SSC Examination for at least the past five years. Samples of 50 senior accounting teachers, one teacher per school, were selected from eight out of the 18 local government areas. A questionnaire was used for data collection and was validated by experts. The split half reliability coefficients of the two scales in the questionnaire (I8-item problems and 12-item solutions) were 0.85 and 0.75 respectively. Data were analyzed using mean responses, independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings revealed that 14 out of the 18-items problems were identified and accepted. All the 12-item solution was also accepted. The hypothesis tested showed that there was a significant difference in the perception/rating of the problems by the accounting teachers in public and private schools (t = 2.51, df = 34, P<0.05); (2) There was no significant difference in the perception/rating of the problems by the accounting teachers in either boys, girls only or mixed school (F (2,51) = 0.0143, P < 0.05); (3) There was no significant difference in the perception/rating of the problems by the accounting teachers in the secondary schools in the various local government areas.