bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reserves and Ways to Reduce Energy Consumption in Monolithic Housing Building in the Construction of the Facility Complex
Authors: Korol O A , Butaev R Sh
Published: March 2020

The main types of energy consumers on the construction site are: construction machines, processes and infrastructure of the construction site. According to research and practical experience, more than 50 varieties of construction machines and mechanisms are used at various stages of construction of the property. Construction machines and mechanisms are integral elements of construction production. For each of them use different types of fuels: liquid fuel, gas, electricity, etc. Also various types of energy processes and maintenance of the construction site. The integral estimation and correct comparison of all energy consumption allows to carry out only their representation in the form of conditional indicators to which all others are given. In comparison with the point construction, the construction of a complex of buildings is characterized by a high integral level of energy consumption. The choice of the method of work production is decisive. This method determines the simultaneous operation of a large number of construction equipment, which leads to a significant increase in energy costs. Analysis of the parameters of organizational and technological models and their corresponding schedules of energy consumption allows you to choose rational organizational and technological solutions for the construction of complex buildings that reduce energy consumption during the construction of buildings.
Research on the Influence of the Percentage of Longitudinal and Fiber Reinforcement on the Strength of Normal Sections of Rubber Concrete Beams of a T-Section
Authors: Polikutin A E , Pinaev S A , Zyabukhin P A , Oforkaja T O
Published: March 2020

This article presents the results of testing the strength of samples of rubcon and fiber rubcon beams of a T-section, with a different percentage of longitudinal reinforcement. Rubber concrete (or abbreviated as rubcon) is a highly effective composite polymer concrete based on liquid rubber, which has favorable physical and mechanical characteristics, as well as almost universal chemical resistance to corrosive media. Bars of class A500C were used as longitudinal reinforcement; as transverse-Bp500, with a diameter of 5 mm and a step of 50 mm. Fiber reinforcement is represented by steel fibers with a diameter of 0.3 mm and a length of 30 mm (that is, a ratio of diameter to fiber length of 1/100) arranged randomly throughout the entire volume of the experimental beams. The section of the beams is assigned with the requirements of CR 63.13330.2012 “Concrete and reinforced concrete structures”: length - 1400 mm; web height - 95 mm; web width - 60 mm; flange height - 25 mm; flange width - 240 mm; the number and diameter of the longitudinal rebars - 0; 1Ø8; 1Ø10; 2Ø10; 2 Ø12 mm; which corresponds to the percentage of longitudinal reinforcement - 0; 0.80; 1.25;2.50; 3.60%.

The technique of experimental studies of bending elements of mixed reinforcement is described.

The results of testing beams for pure bending are presented. It is established that with an increase in the percentage of longitudinal reinforcement, the value of the destructive bending moment increases in a linear relationship. When adding fiber reinforcement, an increase in the values of the destructive bending moment is observed up to 10%.
Organizational and Technological Procuring of Roofing Devices with Greening Systems
Authors: Korol E A , Shushunova N S , Mayilyan A L
Published: March 2020

With an increase in the density of urbanized areas in order to create a comfortable living environment, organizational and technological solutions for exploited roofing with landscaping systems have found application in construction practice. Traditional rooftop technology is not always suitable for roofing with greening systems. The use of green space on the coatings of buildings and structures changes the specifics of the production of roofing work in the construction process, taking into account the adopted structural and technological solutions. These decisions in most cases have characteristic features that must be considered in the process of formation of the composition and sequence of technological processes and operations, as well as the choice of rational organizational and technological procuring of roofing devices with greening systems.
Principles of Urban Planning Development of Suburban Belt of Samara-Togliatti Agglomeration
Authors: Gud’ I D , Akhmedova E A
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the solution of such issues that are associated with the development of the suburban belt of Samara-Togliatti agglomeration-conurbation (STA) and problems that are connected with infrastructural changes in the region. The article shows the results of theoretical researches in the sphere of territory and settlement spatial development. There is considered historical development of the settlement structure of the Samara guberniya. The infrastructural support of the forming the Greater Samara megapolis is considered in the dialectical contradiction of internal and external factors in cooperation with the global transport map. There are made practical proposals of a territorial settlement system formation of the Samara guberniya based on the development of related towns in the structure of the STA suburban belt with peripheral local rural settlement systems. There is considered the potential development of the STA subcenters (Samara-Arena, aerotropolis Kurumoch, Krasny Yar, Kinel, Dubovy Umeet, Chapaevsk, Bezenchuk) and potential contact points of the STA suburban belt with local settlement systems (Dimitrovgrad, Otradniy, Pestravka, Novospasskoye, etc). The authors of this article were tasked to explain the principles of phased development for the near, medium and long-term perspective of the STA transport and communication framework. Currently, there are strong centripetal trends of movement from rural settlement systems to subcentres of STA. To create the opposite centrifugal movement, it is proposed to develop capital residential and industrial construction in potential contact points of the STA suburban belt with rural peripheral resettlement systems, creating employment for high-qualified labour. On the 2nd phase, these traffic flows should be strengthened by high-speed railway transport. The authors propose variants of the placement of multimodal transport and logistics hubs (Multihub) in promising “growth poles”, which are planned to be at the contact points of the peripheral suburban belt STA with local rural settlement systems. In the long term it is suggested to identify areas of town-planning reserves for the formation of Multi-hubs in order to include the Samara guberniya in the structure of the currently planned international transport corridors Europe - America and the Arctic – Southwestern Asia. There is emphasized the development of the south and the south- east direction, the perspective development of the transit railways network.
Analysis and Comparison of Technologies of Survey of Buildings and Structures for the Purpose of Obtaining a 3D Model
Authors: Maslikhova L I , Hahulina N B , Sambulov N I , Akimova S V
Published: March 2020

In the framework of the preservation of historical and cultural heritage, it is important to provide for the possibility of preserving and recreating a virtual historical model of the city, first of all - architectural structures. To obtain reliable spatial data about the location and configuration of the building, tacheometric survey, laser scanning and photogrammetric methods are usually used. In this paper, an experiment was conducted to obtain a three-dimensional model of the building using all the above methods. As a result, the following conclusions were made: all technologies allow us to obtain a 3D model of the property; in time field and office work, the advantages are laser scanning technology and photogrammetric methods with UAVS; in terms of efficiency, it is possible to distinguish aerial photography from UAVS, since it is relatively inexpensive compared to laser systems; in accuracy, tacheometric survey will have an advantage, since measurements are made at a specific point, and its coordinates are calculated, but this advantage can only be for buildings that are simple in geometry, for complex architectural forms and complex technical structures, the use of an electronic tachymeter is impractical
Current Trends in the Design of Urban Neighborhoods
Authors: Meseneva N V
Published: March 2020

City courtyards built during the Soviet period do not meet modern requirements. There is a need to develop new approaches to the organization of the urban courtyard environment. The organization of the courtyard space should reflect today’s trends in architectural creativity, as well as changes in the lifestyle of a modern person. The task of the designer is to create a comfortable, harmonious spatial environment of urban courtyards, including the architecture of buildings, landscape, color and lighting solution that takes into account the culture, ecology, natural components, climate, functional and aesthetic requirements, safety, barrier-free environment. The environment of the city courtyards must comply with the modern level of technologies and include high-tech materials. When organizing city courtyards, it is necessary to design an environment that takes into account new requirements, to organize a flexible, changeable environment. Innovative technologies and modern techniques of design and construction give the designer more opportunities to create a highly artistic image of the courtyard space. Designers have the task to create conceptual, bright solutions for courtyard projects. The article discusses the modern requirements for city yards, affecting the quality of life of citizens, which have an emotional impact on a person.
Low-Rise Monolithic Steel-Reinforced Concrete Houses on the Basis of the “Load-Bearing Floor” Constructive System
Authors: Nazarenko A S , Zakharov A V
Published: March 2020

The load-bearing floor is a box-shaped structure consisting of monolithic floor slabs cohesive with all walls and partitions located between them [1]. The load of the bearing floor is transmitted only to the exterior walls. Thereby, the spaces within the outer walls located under the bearing floor and above it don’t require any intermediate support. The effectiveness of the load-bearing floor construction implementation is the ability to obtain freedom while making planning decisions, re-planning in the process of the operation and reducing the consumption of structural materials for creation of the building carcass compared to the existing traditional structures [2]. In [3] authors describe the technology of construction of the bearing floor and present the results of computational studies of the stress state of its elements in their different design. In this article we discuss the planning and design features of the load-bearing floor in steel-reinforced concrete structures of low-rise buildings.
Possibilities for Intensifying Construction Work’s Dynamic on Objects of the Annual Production Program by Winter Concreting Technology
Authors: Tzarenko A , Yurgaytis A
Published: March 2020

The authors make decomposition of construction and installation works during the implementation of large investment and construction projects on the territory of mega-cities from monolithic reinforced concrete. Particular attention is focused on the seasonality of these works, on the features of organizational and technological solutions related to the effect of low temperatures on the binder hydration processes in the concrete mix, as well as on possible ways to minimize the increment of labor intensity and cost of work during these periods. As a result of the study, the authors of the article describe the principal algorithm for taking into account the features of winter concreting technology at the stage of current planning of annual production programs of construction organizations.
The Justification of Technical Feasibility of Using Existing Urban Industrial Objects at the Reprofiling of their Appointment
Authors: Novikov M V , Flavianov V M , Sotnikova O A
Published: March 2020

Establishment of the valid technical condition, research of relationship of cause and effect and hierarchy of the factors influencing use reliability of load-carrying structures of town-planning objects of industrial function at their reconstruction and reprofiling is the main objective of safe and reliable operation. By method of the atomic and emission spectral analysis it is established that separate elements of farms are made of the “boiling” steel that does not conform to requirements of existing rules. Values of movements, efforts on combinations of loads by snow load and ranges of distribution of potential energy of deformation on farm elements are received. The analysis of intense state of strain of roof frames of covering of the inspected industrial buildings has shown that their bearing capacity in zone of possible formation of snow “bag” from height difference and extension to workshop of higher flight is not sufficient. By results of the conducted researches recommendations for safe further operation of roof frames of covering and valid conclusion about degree of their suitability for the planned conversion and modernization of industrial buildings are formulated.
Justification of the Principles of Revitalization of the Built-up Territories for Sustainable Development of the Urban Environment
Authors: Tyuterev A A , Sotnikova O A , Prokshits E E
Published: March 2020

The analysis and justification of the basic principles of revitalization of the urban inhabited environment from position of sustainable development of territories. Are analyzed experience of gentrification in the USA and also the European countries; the program of renovation of housing in Moscow developed by the Government of Moscow and directed to resettlement and demolition of old low housing stock. The main shortcomings of such planning approaches are revealed. The step-by-step scheme of renovation of the residential quarter on the example of Voronezh is developed. Recommendations about change of planning structure of the reconstructed quarter taking into account the principles of sustainable development of the urban environment are formulated.
The Effect of Forced Carbonation on the Change in the Structure of Lime-Containing Systems over Time
Authors: Nikolaenko V , Lyubomirskiy N , Bakhtina T
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the results of experimental research on establishing the possibility of using furnace gasses and sodium manufacturing waste as low-activity lime dust in the solid building materials manufacturing technology. Research on the changes of physical and mechanical properties and structure of the material based on lime-calcareous compositions that solidify in the environment with increased carbon dioxide concentration after being stored in the natural environment for 24 months were conducted. Material samples constitute semidry-pressed cylinders (compacting pressure – 30 MPa), made of a mixture of low-activity lime dust and a filler, which is waste material from extraction of limestone of Crimean deposit. Conducted research of physical and mechanical properties, of structure and characteristics of material’s porosity had shown that an increase of samples’ strength could be observed both as a result of portlandite changing into calcite upon forced carbonation, as well as a result of repeated crystallization of scalenohedral calcite into rhombohedral shape after storing samples in the natural environment.
Improvement of the Street as a Factor of Economic Growth of the City (in Case of Taganrog City)
Authors: Pozdnyakov A L , Zvyagintseva M M , Erdenko O Yu
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the formation of a comfortable urban environment, in particular, public spaces, and its impact on the development of the city’s economy. The concept and design solutions developed in the framework of the research in Taganrog are described. An important result of the landscaping project is the establishment of historical heritage as the core of the territory’s identity and a catalyst for economic activity. With the advent of modern public space, formed around heritage sites, residents of the city are aware of their cultural and historical value. At the same time, entrepreneurs will be convinced of the possibility of commercialization of historical heritage, observing its connection with pedestrian flows and turnover of enterprises, and will be involved in the process of developing rules for organizing and using city streets. The preservation and return to the economic turnover of heritage will not be imposed, but an internal goal, shared by economically active, significantly influencing the decision-making, actors of the urban community.
Using Free Lidar Data with Aerial Photogrammery Images for Construction of 3D Building Models for Openstreetmap
Authors: Youssef A , Prisyazhnuk S , Petrov A , Atlasov R
Published: March 2020

3D-modeling of buildings in OpenStreetMap project (OSM) is a new trend, and the level of detail (LOD) for most 3D building models still present - LOD1 without taking into account the modeling of building roofs. In addition, there are many defects and shortcomings existing in 3D building models that need to be corrected and adjusted. In this article, we propose to use the available data LiDAR (Technology of using light in the form of a pulsed laser to measure distances to objects on Earth) with free aerial photography image to build 3D models of buildings to eliminate existing defects and shortcomings and to obtain fairly accurate 3D building models for OSM. To demonstrate one of the shortcomings of 3D OSM models, we reviewed the 3D model of the building of the St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO) in OpenStreetMap, and, having corrected this deficiency, obtained a revised 3D model. Applying the proposed method of using LiDAR data with aerial photography, we selected a territory in the city of Christchurch in New Zealand, where there are available LiDAR data, downloaded LiDAR data point clouds from the Open Topography site and built fairly accurate 3D models of buildings that exist in this area of study with their roofs using the Global Mapper software. Accordingly, we received good and complete 3D- building models with a level of detail LOD2.
A New Fire-Resistance Test Method for a Reinforced Concrete Truss
Authors: Ilyin N A , Panfilov D A
Published: March 2020

An innovative technology relates to the field of buildings and structures fire safety (hereinafter Buildings). In particular, we can use this technology to classify reinforced concrete trusses according to their resistance to fire. This provides an opportunity to reasonably use trusses with actual fire-resistance of buildings with various fire hazard classes. A summary of the innovative technology is to test tensile and compressive elements of a reinforced concrete truss under fire conditions without destruction according to a set of simple quality factors. The resistance procedure of load-carrying elements of the reinforced concrete truss to standard fire exposure is represented by mathematical dependences that take into account the integral heat engineering and design parameters, as well as the features of tensile and compressive elements reinforcement. The new method application makes it possible to determine the actual fire-resistance of tensile and compressive elements of the reinforced concrete truss without actual heat exposure; increases the reliability of non-destructive tests; makes test conditions of tensile and compressive elements closer to the actual operating conditions. The fire-resistance of the reinforced concrete truss determines the resistance limit to fire exposure of the weakest element.
Cluster Approach in Rural Settlement Development
Authors: Shcherbina E V , Gorbenkova E V
Published: March 2020

The paper contains research results in modelling rural settlement cluster. Functional structure of the territorial cluster of rural region includes four resource-target subsystems: Population, Infrastructure, Manufacturing and Environment/Heritage. Main cluster development trends were identified for sustainable rural development: advances in technology; forming the comfortable living environment; housing, social, engineering and transport infrastructure and travelling support structure. The model of rural region territorial cluster is useful in making guidelines for land-use planning for sustainable development of rural settlement system.
Study of Air Quality in the Office Building
Authors: Agafonova V V
Published: March 2020

This paper is devoted to assessment of air quality in an office space of a public building. Analysis of the results of researches made in this area by Russian and foreign authors showed that state of human health deteriorates at CO2 concentration level of 600-800 ppm and more and this can lead to decrease in performance and increased fatigue of office workers. Long-term human exposure to carbon dioxide can lead to chronic diseases. Results of experimental study of changes in carbon dioxide concentration in 30 m2 office space of a public building when 5 people are continually present in the office are given in this paper. CO2 concentration measurement was carried out during 24 hour period using MT 8057 portable carbon dioxide detector. According to the measurements results, a graph of CO2 concentration changes versus time was drawn. Conclusion that, in some periods of working day, air quality was unsatisfactory (from 10:40 to 13:30 and from 14:45 to 19:00: CO2 concentration exceeded 1000 ppm) indicates insufficiency of existing ventilation system and excessive room sealing (due to application of plastic windows). There is a need in technical solutions to improve efficiency of supply and exhaust ventilation.
Calculation Model of Sound and Vibration Propagation in a Building Fragment Based on the Method of Statistical Energy Analysis
Authors: Ovsyannikov S N , Leliuga O V , Gradov V A
Published: March 2020

The theory sound insulation based on the matching of the wave fields by M. S. Sedov and Statistical energy analysis (SEA) are used to model sound transmission through single and double leaf partitions. A fragment of a building is considered as a set of acoustically connected rooms and structures. On the basis of the method of statistical energy analysis, the equations of energy balance are written, the solution of which allows to determine the energy of sound in the rooms and the energy of sound vibration in the structures. A complete model of the SEA, including bending, longitudinal and shear waves in structures and sound waves in the air volumes of the rooms, is proposed. The coupling loss factors from room to room (non-resonant sound transmission through partitions) are calculated on the theory by M. S. Sedov. It is given the calculation of the coupling loss factors, internal losses and modal densities. The results of vibro-acoustic calculations and measurements on models of the building fragments are presents.
Introduction of Smart Working in the Enterprises of Russia and Italy: Case Study
Authors: Fedorova A , Koropets O , Menshikova M
Published: March 2020

The article focuses on the issues of transformation of labour relations between employers and employees of Russian and Italian enterprises due to the processes of digitization which determine the possibility of introducing new technologies in the organization of labour. One of the objectives of the research presented in the article is to analyse the advantages and shortcomings of the new management philosophy, to assess the impact of its introduction into the organization of work on the employee well-being and the level of social pollution in the sphere of labour relations. The case study method was used in the framework of an integrated approach, and was supplemented with an analysis of the narratives of Italian and Russian employees of enterprises operating in the information services industry. A comparative analysis of the empirical data obtained by the authors revealed the similarities and differences in the conditions and processes related to the introduction of the smart working technology into the organization of labour. The authors identified the attitude of the smart personnel in both countries to the new managerial philosophy, as well as the factors adversely affecting the quality of their working life. The scientific contribution of the research is the study and evaluation of one of the emerging phenomena of the new labour economy, which is developing in 4.0 industry and leads to the emergence of new forms of labour relations.
Composite Binders for Fastening High Temperature Wells
Authors: Krivoborodov Y , Samchenko S
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the hydration of oil-well cement, intended for cementing high-temperature wells. At high temperatures and pressures (150°C, P = 30 MPa) Portland cement stone does not have the necessary density and resistance to high temperatures due to the formation of hydrated calcium silicates rich in lime during the hydration of Portland cement, therefore, the work was carried out primarily to find appropriate additives to Portland cement, providing the necessary properties of oil-well cement. From a number of additives to ensure the durability of service were selected reprocessing waste of titanium ores (titanomagnetite concentrate) and blast furnace slag. In addition, to improve the crack resistance of cement stone, the possibility of using expansive additives to oil-well cement was investigated. For these purposes, sulfoaluminate, sulfoferrite clinkers and alumina slag were used.

It has been established that during hydration of calcium sulfoferrite ferrous ettringite is formed, which is more stable at elevated temperatures than ettringite formed at hydration of sulfoaluminate clinker and alumina slag. In the presence of sulfated phases and silica, at elevated temperatures and pressures, low-base calcium silicates hydrates and iron contained garnet hydrates are formed.
Urban Environment as a Result of the Interaction of Social Groups (on the Example of Vernacular Districts of the City of Khabarovsk)
Authors: Garnaga A F , Yarulin I F
Published: March 2020

In the course of the study, an analysis of preferences of Khabarovsk regarding living, working, leisure activities in different parts of the city of Khabarovsk was carried out. Two methods of delimiting urban space have been used - the division into administrative urban areas with clear boundaries and the separation from the urban space of vernacular (mental) districts with conditional boundaries.

On the basis of empirical data obtained during a sociological survey of residents of the city of Khabarovsk, revealed the peculiarities of the concentration of the population in the administrative urban areas.

Vernacular regionalization as an element of the research allowed to form a map-scheme of Khabarovsk locations and to draw up a graph of preferences of Khabarovsk citizens regarding the most semiotic urban locations.
Analysis of the Main Aspects of Procurement by Budget Organizations of Resources for the Purposes of Industrial and Civil Construction
Authors: Matveeva M V , Doroshenko T G , Sukhanova I A
Published: March 2020

To meet the needs for goods, works or services, customers make purchases in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Law No. 223-FL, Federal law No. 135 “On protection of competition”, other Federal laws and regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as the approved and placed in the unified information system regulations on the purchase of the customer, containing requirements for procurement, including the procedure for preparation and conduct of procurement procedures and conditions of their application, the procedure for conclusion and execution of contracts. Regardless of what procurement procedures are conducted by the customer, they are always based on the provision on procurement, beyond which the organizer of the procurement has no right to go. A detailed comparative analysis of the request for quotations and request for proposals procedures should be carried out in order to identify their distinctive features, advantages and disadvantages.
Actual Problems of Management Quality Control of a Construction Company
Authors: Zilberova I , Petrov K , Artsishevsky M
Published: March 2020

Modern market economy imposes fundamentally different requirements for the quality of construction. Currently, the stable position of the construction company in the contracting market is determined by the level of competitiveness. In turn, competitiveness in construction is associated with three indicators - duration, cost and quality of construction. And the quality gradually comes to the first place. The concept of the national policy of Russia in the field of quality of products and services quite rightly emphasizes that the main task of the domestic economy in the XXI century is to increase competitiveness due to the growth of quality. The authors used the developed technology for practical use, and the article presents the results this application. The proposed mechanism for strategic planning of the construction company provides an opportunity to systematically approach the issues of finding ways to achieve the well-being of the company in the short and long term.
Making an Universal Intellectual Managerial System of Construction Projects and Housing and Communal Services
Authors: Tsapko K , Melnikov L
Published: March 2020

Optimal planning of construction projects requires efficient allocation of available resources. Labor, materials, equipment should be planned, coordinated and quickly adapted to different conditions. Frequent (design) changes during the construction period, the variety of professions and the high complexity of the interacting processes in the construction industry require innovative ways to support decisions that affect the process-a tool that allows you to test interventions and adjustments in the production process, including individual subprocesses with maximum efficiency. In this context, there is a simulation of discrete events. The research team offers optimization of design, construction and operation of buildings in the new information environment. The authors develop a system of positioning and effective management of the construction object in time and space.
Use of Heating System to Clean Roads from Snow
Authors: Batarshin V , Sotnikova P , Gulevatenko A
Published: March 2020

One of the problems of modern road traffic is the problem of icing roads in the winter time, because of this problem the number of road accidents is growing. With this problem every year massively fighting, using different chemical compositions. In addition to this problem, there is also a problem associated with the use of heat supply systems. It consists in the presence of heat energy losses during the delivery of hot water from the heat production site to the heat consumption site. It is also fought, using new thermal insulation materials. All methods of solving both of the above problems are effective for solving these problems in particular, but they cannot be taken to solve them together. For this reason, there is a need to create a method capable of dealing with these problems together. In this article the method allowing to fight against icing of the road by means of increase of temperature of asphalt, using sites of transportation of thermal energy to the consumer will be considered.
The Principles of Sustainable Development of the Architectural Space of Linear Parks
Authors: Gorgorova Yu V , Sarkisyants M G , Sotnikova M A
Published: March 2020

The article sheds light on the problem of a planning and spatial organisation of architectural space under the conditions of extensive urbanization. There has been found a number of natural and anthropogenic factors influencing the formation of architectural space by an example of organisation of linear parks. Some models of organisation of architectural space have been ascertained and analysed here. The authors offer an adaptive multipurpose model for integrating depressive, neglected, and not used territories with a large social, cultural, ecological, and economic potential into functional and planning structure of a city, which is seen as a necessary condition of sustainable development.
Creating a Safe Environment in Apartment Courtyard Design
Authors: Filonenko E I , Schekaleva M A
Published: March 2020

The The article reveals the theme of formation of house adjoining territories from the standpoint of security, comfort and organization of places for each resident by age and interests. In connection with the high automobilization of the population, solutions have been proposed for organizing parking spaces for personal transport outside of the house adjoining territories or taking them to underground parking lots. The proposed solutions to create a comfortable environment for the elderly and persons with disabilities in the territory. And, for the education of sports and harmonious personality, the organization of children’s playgrounds and training complexes was proposed. Particular attention is paid to creating a cozy harmonious atmosphere of the courtyard with a variety of green spaces and small architectural forms.
Artificial Neural Networks as a Means of Restoring Passes in the Initial Data Array
Authors: Averchenkov A V , Kuzmenko A A , Stashkova O V
Published: March 2020

The article presents an algorithm for restoration of the original data table using GRNN artificial neural network and the results of the algorithm in testing and empirical data. The given article also deals with calculations of the relative error for different data types with different percentages of passes. The quality of the analyzed data resulting from the passive experiment, as well as the reliability of the analysis results depends on one of the most important factors: the presence of these missing values. The distortion of the original data or incompleteness may distort the result in the general modeling process. Gaps in the original data table may be associated with a complete lack of data (raw data incompleteness) and contradictions arising from the data. And this kind of problem can occur not only with the values of a single attribute, but also with the values of a certain set of attributes especially in those cases when it comes to the large dimension of the factor space.
Information Modelling as a Tool to Manage Construction Project Information Flows
Authors: Bukunova O , Bukunov A
Published: March 2020

The technology of information modeling of buildings is a new tool for managing information flows in the implementation of a construction project. Based on the analysis of information flows in the activities of the construction organization, an integration methodology and a data flow interaction scheme based on modeling has been developed. The Knowledge Base is considered as an expert system, which interconnects design engineering models and acts as a transmitter of design solutions to estimated and financial decisions and a data accumulator for a decision-making analytical center. A factor analysis of specific costs for the production of construction products based on multiple linear correlation and regression analysis was carried out. The possibilities of machine learning and data requirements for the learning program are considered.
Preservation and Adaptation of Historical Manor Complexes as an Organic Component of the Sustainable Development Concept
Authors: Lukonina T A , Aksenova I V
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this article is to address such problem as preservation of the historical heritage objects and more specifically – the historical manor complexes through the prism of the sustainable development principles. The set task is to identify the existing problems in such field as restoration and capitalization of architectural heritage as well as to articulate recommendations on their resolution. The methods of conducting the work: analysis of the legislative base, statistical data, and case studies, as well as juxtaposition of the subject being researched with the sustainable development principles. The study has resulted in the conclusion that preservation of the cultural heritage objects is one of the priority tasks in the paradigm of sustainable development of architecture, residential settlements and the society. Having identified the major problems of the restoration sphere, the author has formulated briefly the methods for their resolution at the macro-, micro-, and mezo-levels.
The Level of Influence of Human and External Risks on a Construction Company’s Sustainability
Authors: Abramov I , Al-Zaidi Z A K
Published: March 2020

The impact human and external risks in construction projects, which significantly affect the production activities and sustainable functioning of construction companies is very relevant. This article describes the human and some external risks affecting the sustainability functioning of construction companies. The authors examined internal risks staff can be exposed, as well as external risks that may affect the work of construction companies, how they are analyzed and evaluated, as well as identified there reasons to increase the competitiveness of contracting companies to manage any potential risks during construction and after operating facility, This will prevent losses and increase company’s sustainability in the labor market. this research paper aims at analyzing the impact of human risks, on sustainability and assessing, as well as determining their frequency and the likelihood of occurrence of these risks, their impact on the construction project and on a company. Mathematical and statistical methods as well as algorithms were used in this research. This research indicates that risks of all kinds shall be accurately, determined in addition to indicating the importance of each of them and assessing the likelihood occurrence of these risks. To determine methods and procedures that could decrease the chances of these risks leading to increased construction company’s sustainability in the labor market.
Methods of Parametric Geometric Modeling in the Design and Construction of Shells of Gaussian Curvature
Authors: Gromov V , Karimova O
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the method of minimizing costs in the design and construction of spans (shells) with the use of 3D construction printers. The results of the developed program in AutoLISP language for optimizing the surface of a shell of positive Gaussian curvature are presented. The technique of developing a model of a complex projected object for the implementation of a new class of applied problems in the field of additive technologies in construction is presented. The fundamental possibility of the process of extracting and generating new knowledge about the projected object is shown, consisting in replacing it with the corresponding model obtained by formalizing expert information. The construction of mathematical models of complex objects is performed in a fuzzy environment using linguistic variables, fuzzy numbers and arithmetic operations on them. The solution to such problems is based on the application of traditional methods widely used in technical applications to the analysis of fuzzy systems. The mathematical basis of the traditional approach is the algebra of fuzzy numbers.
Modified Phenol Formaldehyde Reactive Oligomers
Authors: Bruyako M , Grigoreva L
Published: March 2020

Polymeric heat-insulating materials based on casting phenolic foams have low thermal conductivity, reduced fire hazard, high operating temperatures, low cost of the starting components, and biostability. Due to these properties, they are superior in technical and economic indicators to mineral and other polymeric heat-insulating materials used in the construction industry. Low strength, tendency to smoldering, and high toxicity are significant limiting factors for the wider use of thermal insulation materials based on phenol formaldehyde oligomers. Modification of phenol-formaldehyde oligomers can improve the operational properties of materials and products based on them. One way is to introduce chemically active modified additives into the feedstock. As such compounds, metal chlorides of variable valence (FeCl3) and sodium hexafluorosilicate (Na2[SiF6]) were used in the work. It was established by studies that iron (III) salts of 2.0–2.6 wt.% are most effective in reducing toxicity. The simultaneous introduction of sodium hexafluorosilicate in an amount of 0.5 wt.% Allows to reduce the material consumption of products based on phenol formaldehyde oligomers.
The Influence of Structure Formation Conditions of the Composite on the Mass Transfer Processes
Authors: Fedosov S V , Roumyantseva V Eu , Konovalova V S , Goglev I N
Published: March 2020

The article describes the phenomenon of moisture transfer in the system “composite non-metallic reinforcement – cement mortar” at the stage of hardening of the composite. The processes of moisture transfer occurring during the structure formation have an impact on the water-cement ratio of the cement mixture. The deformation and operational characteristics of cement concrete, its structural and phase composition, porosity, density and corrosion resistance depend on the water-cement ratio. To obtain a mathematical model of moisture transfer in the formation of the cement matrix, the equations of mathematical physics, the equations of unsteady mass transfer and the differential equations of mass conductivity of parabolic type are used. Mathematical models of mass transfer processes make it possible to predict the change in the characteristics of the composite at the hardening stage and to obtain concretes with specified properties. The presented physical and mathematical model of moisture transfer for the system “cement concrete – composite reinforcement” allows to take into account the change in water-cement ratio at the stage of hardening of the composite and to establish its influence on the structure formation of the composite and its performance characteristics. The formulated physical and mathematical problem can be solved for special cases by the method of microprocesses.
Integrated Formation of Urban Environment
Authors: Shipilov A G , Movchan E A
Published: March 2020

The article examines one of design architects training approaches, when it is necessary to form the skill of complex building of urban environment. The approach is based on the design study. Two aspects are considered: eco-design and constructing design-patterns. The aspect of eco-design aimed at introduction of principles of environment ecologization on the projects at the training stage through the latest techniques of introducing the aspect in question into design architects academic disciplines. This resulted in experimental models built on human interaction with air and aquatic environment, solar radiation and landscape. The aspect of constructing design-patterns aimed at investigating possibilities of modular and combinatorial approaches in designing objects of environmental design and small architecture. This resulted in modular system project satisfying the built-in requirements.
Dynamic Comfort Inside the Building under Microseismic Influence from the Movement of Vehicles
Authors: Bunov A A , Dorozhinskiy V B
Published: March 2020

Vibration and it’s high background bring a danger to human health. According to the intensity of fluctuations in the urban environment transport, especially trams, trains, including metro bring the greatest impact on human. This article investigates the reaction of high-rise building on microseismic influence of the motion of the external transport. There are determined the minimum reserves of dynamic comfort for different frequencies of impacts, as well as potentially dangerous average frequencies for the studied building. A comparison of the results of the calculation of the building using explicit and implicit schemes of integration of the equations of motion is made. Conclusions about the feasibility of using implicit integration schemes for solving problems of this type are made.
Model of Terraced House Construction on Complex Terrain
Authors: Giyasov A
Published: March 2020

The analysis of the space-planning solution of terraced houses constructed on the slopes is carried out. It is a rational method of building residential houses whose advantages are the presence of large landscaped terraces and their isolation, which gives the apartments a resemblance to individual houses, compactness of building and formation of a comfortable environment in the rooms, integration with the terrain. At the same time, the multi-tiered location of houses along the slope gives the advantages to the development of multi-storey construction.

Methods of quantitative and qualitative assessment of climatic events based on geomorphological changes allowed developing a grapho-analytical method for assessing the microclimate of complex terrain, which is intended for residential construction.

Due to microclimatic features, the search for ways of construction on the slopes made it possible to form the planning and spatial structure of terraced houses of different heights on complex terrain, depending on the high slope steepness degree.
Applying the Automated and Robotic Means for Increasing Effectiveness of Construction Projects
Authors: Malakhov A V , Shutin D V
Published: March 2020

The paper considers increasing effectiveness of construction of bricks and blocks by applying mobile masonry robots. On the example of a specific object, the rates for its construction using manual labor and robotic means are considered. The results show that applying robotic means allows reduce costs for bricklaying 3-7 times in comparison with manual labor depending on method of accruing salaries. Other positive effects of using bricklaying automation, such as reducing construction time, increasing the quality of the result and simplification of staff management, are considered.
Replacing Electrical Wiring in Large-Panel Buildings
Authors: Zhabyko E , Skurtol I , Кovalevsky A
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to complex solution of repair difficulties facing owners of apartments in old bearing-wall buildings. The example of the series 1-464A presents the experience of repairing apartments with the use of modern materials and technologies. On the basis of theoretical analysis of the range of problems in question the principal stages of repairing an apartment in a bearing-wall building are examined with total electric wiring replacement to improve the performance of the dwelling. The main technological operations are described; the features of the use of electrical components and finishing materials are given.
Impulse Rotators with Kinematic Excitation of Oscillations
Authors: Antipina E S , Zhilin S N , Kukinova G V
Published: March 2020

Increasing the efficiency of technological process is achieved by applying oscillations in the movement direction of the working tool active point. The proven advantage of the dynamic impact on the chip at energy-intensive technological processes, for example drilling, wasn’t used because of the lack of appropriate mechanisms. The proposed mechanisms can be used in specific conditions. An analysis of their constructive changes allows to predict the development direction of impulse rotators and new ways for creating torsional oscillations and devices for their implementation with possibility of maximizing the use of the connected energy on work process and minimum losses in the rotation drive.