bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BAYESIAN TECHNIQUES FOR COMPARING TIME-DEPENDENT GRMHD SIMULATIONS TO VARIABLE EVENT HORIZON TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Kim Junhan , Marrone Daniel P. , Chan Chi-Kwan , Medeiros Lia , Özel Feryal , Psaltis Dimitrios
Published: November 2016

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a millimeter-wavelength, very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) experiment that is capable of observing black holes with horizon-scale resolution. Early observations have revealed variable horizon-scale emission in the Galactic Center black hole, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*). Comparing such observations to time-dependent general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations requires statistical tools that explicitly consider the variability in both the data and the models. We develop here a Bayesian method to compare time-resolved simulation images to variable VLBI data, in order to infer model parameters and perform model comparisons. We use mock EHT data based on GRMHD simulations to explore the robustness of this Bayesian method and contrast it to approaches that do not consider the effects of variability. We find that time-independent models lead to offset values of the inferred parameters with artificially reduced uncertainties. Moreover, neglecting the variability in the data and the models often leads to erroneous model selections. We finally apply our method to the early EHT data on Sgr A*.
PERIODIC MOTIONS AROUND THE COLLINEAR EQUILIBRIUM POINTS OF THE R3BP WHERE THE PRIMARY IS A TRIAXIAL RIGID BODY AND THE SECONDARY IS AN OBLATE SPHEROID
Authors: Singh Jagadish , Kalantonis V. S. , Gyegwe Jessica Mrumun , Perdiou A. E.
Published: November 2016

We consider a modification of the restricted three-body problem where the primary (more massive body) is a triaxial rigid body and the secondary (less massive body) is an oblate spheroid and study periodic motions around the collinear equilibrium points. The locations of these points are first determined for 10 combinations of the parameters of the problem. In all 10 cases, the collinear equilibrium points are found to be unstable, as in the classical problem, and the Lyapunov periodic orbits around them have been computed accurately by applying known corrector–predictor algorithms. An extensive study on the families of three-dimensional periodic orbits emanating from these points has also been done. To find suitable starting points, for all the computed families, semianalytical solutions have been obtained, for both two- and three-dimensional cases, around the collinear equilibrium points using the Lindstedt–Poincaré method. Finally, the stability of all computed periodic orbits has been studied.
« L’homme fort du royaume ». La reine Marie et la construction de la grande Roumanie (1913-1922)
Authors: Grandhomme Jean-Noël
Published: November 2016

Mi-Russe, mi-Anglaise, la Reine Marie de Roumanie (1875-1938) est l’un des principaux artisans de l’entrée en guerre de son pays aux côtés des Alliés en 1916. Elle sert comme infirmière et parcourt le front pour galvaniser les soldats. Avec le général Berthelot, chef de la mission militaire française, elle convainc son époux, le roi Ferdinand Ier, d’accorder la redistribution des terres et le suffrage universel. Au moment des négociations de paix, elle joue un rôle diplomatique non négligeable dans la création de la Grande Roumanie, notamment auprès de Clemenceau. Sans fausse modestie, elle joue de son image au service de son pays, mais aussi de sa propre gloire. En 1922 elle est solennellement couronnée reine à Alba Iulia, aux côtés de son époux. La vie et l’œuvre de Marie – comme, de manière générale, le rôle de la monarchie dans l’histoire de la Roumanie – ont été largement redécouverts après 1989.
Soins palliatifs familiaux : enjeux de la prise en charge et rôle déstabilisateur du mensonge dans la relation de soins
Authors: Keubo Nguepy Roger François , Bianke Patrice , Taafo Francis , Mutarambirwa Donald , Tsafack Joseph , Chmielewska Katarzyna
Published: November 2016

Cet article décrit un contexte de soins qui différait des simples tableaux que nous avons souvent pris en charge ; exigeant des compétences spécialisées et une approche multidisciplinaire. Il s’agit en effet d’une femme séropositive au VIH (Mirabelle) qui a assisté à la mort de ses deux enfants adolescents ; Sandra 15 ans et Ivan 12 ans. Le contexte a requis les soins palliatifs familiaux, différents de ceux du groupe. Ce vécu stressant de Mirabelle lui a imposé la présence de différents soignants au cours de la logique des soins. Des pseudonymes sont employés par la rédaction.
Genre, frontières du travail domestique et marges du salariat. Le cas des aides à domicile
Authors: Dussuet Annie
Published: November 2016

Le mouvement de salarisation des femmes, concomitant à la tertiarisation, se traduit par une externalisation du travail domestique et par l’extension à la sphère publique du système normatif jusque-là caractéristique de la sphère privée. Cette redéfinition de frontière tend à déstabiliser les cadres du travail et de l’emploi, en particulier dans le secteur très féminisé des « services à la personne », tout en renouvelant les formes de la domination de genre.
Religion et marché : du réductionnisme économique à l’intégration du rôle des croyances
Authors: Zemmour Rémi , Ballet Jérôme
Published: November 2016

L’économie de la religion s’est développée en prenant appui, d’une part sur l’hypothèse humienne de la neutralité motivationnelle des croyances, d’autre part sur les travaux d’Adam Smith sur les biens religieux comme biens standards. Cet article vise à dépasser l’approche économique standard de la religion en réhabilitant le rôle des croyances via la rationalité interprétative et l’identité des personnes. Il en découle alors une analyse du marché encastré dans le fait religieux.
What if the TTIP changed the regulation of public services? Lessons for Europe from developing countries
Authors: Estache Antonio , Philippe Caroline
Published: November 2016

L’article discute l’impact du TTIP sur la régulation de services publics tels que les services d’infrastructure. Il résume pour le contexte européen les leçons principales d’expériences similaires dans les pays en voie de développement visant à bénéficier des opportunités d’accès a de grands opérateurs spécialisés dans ces services publics. Il montre que les effets sur l’efficience, l’équité, la viabilité fiscale et la responsabilisation des acteurs est au mieux incertaine dans certaines dimensions essentielles. It montre aussi que les nouveaux mécanismes de résolution de conflit suggérés réduiront sans doute la souveraineté des pays hôtes en matière de régulation.
International Trade and Climate Change
Authors: Chander Parkash
Published: November 2016

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La construction et le devenir des connaissances chez les élèves en éducation physique : une étude de cas réalisée au cours d’une séquence d’escalade
Authors: Terré Nicolas , Sève Carole , Saury Jacques
Published: November 2016

Cette étude vise à analyser le devenir des connaissances construites par deux élèves durant une séquence d’éducation physique (EP). En référence au programme de recherche du Cours d’Action, les connaissances ont été repérées et pistées en reconstruisant pas à pas l’expérience des élèves. L’analyse révèle la façon dont les connaissances mobilisées par les élèves sont tenues par leur engagement dans des « histoires » significatives pour eux. Ces résultats ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives d’analyse et de conception de dispositifs d’apprentissage en EP et à l’école en général.
Opioid Misuse/Abuse and Quality Persistent Pain Management in Older Adults
Authors: Chang Yu-Ping , Compton Peggy
Published: November 2016

The United States is amid an epidemic of prescription opioid drug abuse, bringing with it not only high rates of overdose, but growing rates of heroin abuse and addiction. Liberal opioid drug prescribing on the part of well-meaning clinicians has in part fueled this epidemic, being correlated to opioid death and addiction treatment admission rates. Misuse and abuse of prescription opioid drugs is greatest among young adults (ages 18 to 25); however, the fastest growing age group for opioid drug misuse/abuse is older (ages 50 to 64). Prescription opioid drug use issues may emerge in the context of persistent pain, and risk factors for misuse/abuse and overdose in older patients with pain require further description. In keeping with national initiatives to combat prescription opioid drug abuse and overdose, current clinical guidelines reflect an “opioid-sparing” approach. To the degree that these guidelines improve persistent pain and opioid drug misuse/abuse outcomes, significant public health benefits will be accrued. Efforts to reduce both require action and are national priorities. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 42
(12), 21–30.]
Guerra, domínio e soberania: experiências coloniais e império no Atlântico Sul, década de 1570
Authors: Faustinoni Bonciani Rodrigo
Published: November 2016

A través del análisis de los documentos y de la historiografía, el artículo identifica la constitución de un campo unificado de experiencias de colonización en el Atlántico Sur, durante la década de 1570. La caracterización de la autoridad regia sobre los espacios coloniales pasaba, de una parte, por la institución de un aparato político-administrativo, y de otra, por la intervención en las relaciones de dominio señorial establecidos sobre los indígenas y africanos. Este último fue el punto de compromiso y disensión, que definía el equilibrio inestable entre los poderes coloniales y las autoridades europeas mediante un sistema de explotación compuesto, caracterizado por la complementariedad entre diferentes estatutos y formas de dominación.

[pt] Por meio da análise de documentos e da historiografia, o artigo identifica a constituição de um campo unificado de experiências de colonização no Atlântico Sul, durante a década de 1570. A caracterização da autoridade régia sobre os espaços coloniais se dava, por um lado, pela instituição de um aparato político-administrativo, por outro, pela intervenção nas relações de domínio senhorial estabelecidas sobre os indígenas e africanos. Esse último era o ponto de compromisso e dissensão, que definia o equilíbrio instável entre os poderes coloniais e as autoridades europeias, por meio de um sistema de exploração compósito, caracterizado pela complementaridade entre diferentes estatutos e formas de dominação.
La «ropa de la China» desde Filipinas hasta Buenos Aires. Circulación, consumo y lucha corporativa, 1580-1620
Authors: Bonialian Mariano
Published: November 2016

El ensayo explora el comercio y el consumo de telas asiáticas que circularon desde Acapulco hasta Buenos Aires entre 1580 y 1620. A partir de la consulta de las fuentes ubicadas en el Archivo de Indias, como son los informes de virreyes, gobernadores y de comerciantes, se demuestra que el comercio de «ropa de la China» constituyó una pieza fundamental de un modelo comercial alternativo al oficial; en el cual México desafiaba la centralidad económica peninsular.
Las prácticas de control sobre los extranjeros en el virreinato del Río de la Plata (1730-1809)
Authors: Biersack Martin
Published: November 2016

Durante el siglo XVIII la vigilancia de los extranjeros dependía fuertemente de la colaboración de los vecinos mediante la denuncia. Esta vigilancia informal, donde el gobierno solo actuaba en caso de conflictos, fue reemplazada a principios del siglo XIX por un control institucionalizado, permanente y clandestino. El artículo se basa en documentación del virreinato del Río de la Plata, tanto publicada como inédita del Archivo General de la Nación Argentina. Las fuentes más relevantes empleadas son reales cédulas, bandos y autos de gobierno, sobre todo los registros de extranjeros y las actas del Cabildo.
Application of Spectrogram Analysis in Traditional Vocal Music Teaching and Multimedia Animation Vocal Music Teaching
Authors: Liu Lin-li , Pang Yi , Hu Zhuang-li
Published: November 2016

The spectrogram analysis technology via computer application makes voice visualized, realizes the integrated teaching mode of "mouth to ear- nose", and improves the teaching quality of vocal music.The technology gives a dynamic map of singing respiration and singing organs, and the singing process is specified by the harmony search algorithm. This technology solves problems of shallow breathing, slurred speech and incorrect use of resonant cavity. The spectrogram analysis visualizes vocal music teaching, improves students' abilities of singing, practice and innovation.
Application of Visual Simulation Technology in College English Teaching
Authors: Ma Bing-jun
Published: November 2016

To solve the problem of low utilization efficiency of English teaching resources and students' learning quality is not high. A complete English teaching system based on visual simulation technology was developed to solve the problems of English teaching and cross culture. Teachers' development of various types of teaching methods, to improve the students' scores has significant help. Visual simulation technology can change the traditional teaching mode, stimulate students' interest in learning and improve the quality of English teaching.
Application of Virtual Reality in Music Teaching System
Authors: Bian Hong-xuan
Published: November 2016

In order to improve vitality and efficiency of teaching in music, with the multi-sensing, immersion and interactivity feature in the virtual reality (VR) technology, the VR system can solve the low cross mutual inductance and low efficiency in traditional music teaching. An online error identification algorithm was proposed in the paper. The teaching performance was evaluated with dimensions and confirmatory factor analysis. The results indicate the enthusiasm of students' autonomous learning and learning efficiency has been greatly improved with teaching system.
A Ship Driving Teaching System Based on Multi-level Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Cao Fenghua
Published: November 2016

The present ship driving teaching system cannot ensure that all seafarers or students have enough time to go into training for basic skills, and it is not practical or feasible in all cases. We construct a consistent VR marine training environment to enhance maritime education and training at all levels. The basic equation of key algorithm involving the multilevel virtual reality ship driving teaching system is presented in this paper. The system is equipped with V.Dragon 2000. The application results show that the system can project visual system with wide field of view, and instructor control station etc. The training environment provides a strong visual reinforcement and a strong sense of immersion.
Teaching Quality Assessment System Based on Support Vector Machine Technology
Authors: Huang Wen-xue , Gao Xin , Wang Ning , Yang Yan-chao , Yan Ying
Published: November 2016

A scientific, objective and accurate assessment of teaching quality is helpful in finding the relevant problems. So a highly accurate, quick and easy-to-implement teaching quality assessment system is necessary to build. The index value of the pulsed GTAW pool dynamic process by support vector machine inference and support vector machine neural networks is implemented in the teaching quality evaluation system. The teaching quality assessment system was tested on 30 teachers in a college. The results show that the assessment system is increasingly evidence-based. And the system can improve teaching quality and teaching management implementation.
Design and Implementation of Digital Art Teaching System Based on Interactive Virtual Technology
Authors: Ye You-tian
Published: November 2016

Aiming at design a digital art teaching system and improve its performance, the interactive virtual technology is proposed. The art design major education innovation must abide by the open character and build scientists’ teaching and curricula system and quality judgment criteria and mechanisms. We can exploit digital art major education with creativity, so invigorated digital art design stimulates education develops soundly, orderly and creatively. The system was implemented in 9 levels of the 206 universities. The results indicate that the system will help the combination of science and art, highlight distinctive university management with scientific teaching system and transform students 9 intelligence cultivation into wisdom and creation.
La forêt de Tijuca : de l’attrayante nature au paysage désolé
Authors: Gomes Júnior Guilherme Simões
Published: November 2016

La peinture de paysage a joué un rôle important dans la formation du milieu artistique à Rio de Janeiro, dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle. Partant des débats qui ont eu lieu dans la Classe des Beaux-Arts de l’Institut de France à propos de la promotion de de genre dans le système des prix, cet article aborde la réforme de ses méthodes d’enseignement lorsqu’il s’acclimate au Brésil. Il examine brièvement le rôle de Nicolas-Antoine Taunay dans ce processus puis, de manière plus détaillée, celui de Félix-Émile Taunay à l’Académie impériale des beaux-arts, en tant que directeur d’études et en tant que peintre, dont deux tableaux sont plus particulièrement examinés.
« Mon digne successeur et ami » : Debret, Porto-Alegre et l’invention d’un héritage
Authors: Lima Valéria Alves Esteves
Published: November 2016

La Bibliothèque nationale de Rio de Janeiro détient une liasse de lettres envoyées de Paris par Jean-Baptiste Debret à Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, entre 1837 et 1844. Le premier est peintre d’histoire et membre de la colonie d’artistes et d’ingénieurs arrivée au Brésil en 1816, et désignée sous le nom de « Mission artistique française ». Le second, son élève à l’Académie impériale des beaux-arts de Rio de Janeiro, s’est distingué dans l’histoire de l’art et de la culture brésilienne du XIXe siècle. Cet article s’inspire des catégories analytiques de Reinhart Koselleck, et propose une interprétation des relations de Debret avec le Brésil après son retour en France, ainsi que de ses efforts pour impliquer Porto-Alegre dans ses projets, ce qui est particulièrement manifeste à la lecture de ses lettres.The National Library in Rio de Janeiro holds a set of letters sent from Paris by Jean-Baptiste Debret to Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre between 1837 and 1844. The former was a historical painter and member of the group of French artists and engineers who arrived in Brazil in 1816, the so-called “French Artistic Mission.” The latter was his student at the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts in Rio de Janeiro and a renowned figure in the history of Brazilian art and culture in the nineteenth century. Inspired by the analytical categories of Reinhart Koselleck, this article presents an interpretation of Debret’s relations with Brazil after his return to France and of his efforts to involve Porto-Alegre in his projects, a topic that stands out in the epistolary set.
Digital Preservation Challenges in Nigeria Libraries
Authors: Atanda Sambo Saliu
Published: November 2016

The population consists of 172 participants that were presence at 2nd Conference of Certified Librarians by Librarians' Registration Council of Nigeria held in Abuja, 2015.The instrument used to generate data is the questionnaire and data generated was analyzed using frequency, bar charts, percentages and mean. The outcome of the study revealed that many librarians do not have training on digital preservation management despite the awareness of digital preservation challenges. The findings revealed major challenges such as hardware and software obsolesces, lack of training, lack of backup/standard, lack of strategy policy, lack of fund and lack of legal right. Recommendations were made to protect and safeguard digital preservation challenges in the libraries. Such as training and retraining of librarians on new technology/ trend in managing library digital content, software and hardware technology should be improved, Nigerian Library Association (NLA) should create a standard policy and ensure compliance by all libraries for them to enjoy increased funding. Among others.
Digital File Formats for Digital Preservation
Authors: Yuvaraj Mayank
Published: November 2016

During the course of planning an institutional repository, digital library collections or digital preservation service it is inevitable to draft file format policies in order to ensure long term digital preservation, its accessibility and compatibility. Sincere efforts have been made to encourage the adoption of standard formats yet the digital preservation policies vary from library to library. The present paper is based against this background to present the digital preservation community with a common understanding of the common file formats used in the digital libraries or institutional repositories. The paper discusses both open and proprietary file formats for several media.
Managing Risk in the Cloud for Digital Preservation
Authors: Khodabacchus Muhammad Yaasir
Published: November 2016

Digital preservation is the consistent archiving of electronic assets for entry and re-use, regardless of the system and computer software options. The introduction of cloud technologies provides a stylish alternative, although preservation systems possess a solid focus on grids. Electronic preservation has turned cloud computing into the primary demand. Cloud services' use continues to rise, however many do not know how several and which cloud services is or not authorized and how they are really in use across their businesses. This kind of incomplete image of the Cloud Services in an organization prevent its capacity to satisfactorily address the hazards related to cloud solutions, including information protection, consumer privacy, dependability of essential business processes, and compliance hazards. Tycoons' involvement is necessary to shift businesses toward better cloud support knowledge as well as a trusted, structured, and foreseeable method of cloud use.
Digital Initiatives of the Indian Council of World Affairs' Library
Authors: Sharma Chhaya
Published: November 2016

This chapter attempts to unravel the journey of Sapru House library (Indian Council of World Library) from a passive manual traditional library to an active electronic library. This chapter provides insights into the traditional management of the resources and their service provision and examines the reasons for the digital initiatives and the how the challenges and obstructions were met and overridden. ICWA library is an academic library having a unique and matchless collection of bound newspapers (since1933), press clippings (since 1964) and rare books (between 1700-1900) constitute 70% of its total collection. Housing, storage, management, preservation, conservation, retrieval and dissemination were underlying reasons that inspired the author to transform this valued collection to a digital repository of knowledge. This chapter gives a detailed account of the conception of the digital initiations vis-à-vis the digital project, outlines, reports, discussions, presentations, approvals, sanctions, funding, execution, implementation and the outcome and realization of the dream.
Meltdown at Fukushima
Authors: Henderson Lynette K.
Published: November 2016

How do we integrate topics such as a global catastrophic event with visual literacy? With a spotlight on the 2011 tsunami-damaged Fukushima nuclear reactors on the coast of Japan, this chapter discusses theory and practice for an innovative thematic curriculum unit. This unit integrates formal studio skills with student learning about an international environmental crisis affecting geographical shores and water life. Students studied the environmental effects of radioactive contamination on sea life in the Pacific Ocean, and ongoing problems and concerns for people in Japan, the U.S. and beyond. Following research activities, students focused on studio work to create mixed-media and brilliantly colored ocean creatures, culminating in a group exhibition entitled Radioactive Seafood Market. The exhibition functioned as a powerful visual learning experience about art and global issues, for both students and the viewing public. Student artwork and exhibition examples include elementary and high school students, and pre-service teachers for high school art education and K-5 classrooms.
“Insurgence”
Authors: Eca Teresa Torres , Saldanha Angela , Franco Ana Maria Barbero
Published: November 2016

When engaging in contemporary community art practices, art educators question and reflect upon daily life aesthetics, creating micro-narratives and provoking actions through poesis and metaphors. Performative practices converge in political events using hybrid languages in-between the borders of various fields where educational practices may be generated through participatory research and collaborative art processes. In this chapter we describe several practices and strategies of activism related to art education research by the authors with intention of promoting socially engaged justice through artistic process in the community. The strategies employed by the authors are based on collaborative pedagogical approaches adopted from contemporary art practices and artistic tools, such as collaborative sketchbooks, kilts, drifts, drawing festivals and online exhibitions. These approaches promote shared learning experience and democratic participation through the arts, and ultimately help to develop community cohesion, solidarity and social justice.
Catastrophe
Authors: Fattal Laura Rachel
Published: November 2016

Natural catastrophes are seen as a catalyst for creativity in interdisciplinary arts-integrated preservice teacher education. Preservice teacher lesson plans and implementation focused on natural catastrophes such as hurricanes, floods, tsunamis, and tornadoes advance an understanding of visual culture, creative production and civic engagement. Teaching visual culture involves border-crossings, from the conceptual to the tactile, and emboldening hands-on production in interdisciplinary art education projects. Professional artists' works are analyzed as responses to environmental and related man-made catastrophes caused by climate change. The impact of the professional artists' imagery and intentions act as exemplars for arts-integrated classroom practices inclusive of civic engagement. Preservice teacher education is enhanced by an intellectual flexibility inherent in interdisciplinary lesson planning and meaning-making projects. Empathetic responses to natural and related man-made catastrophes develop preservice teachers' classroom pedagogies that further global citizenry.
We have a Situation!
Authors: Jamieson Helen Varley
Published: November 2016

“We have a situation!” is an ongoing political performance project that uses cyberformance (live online performance, also known as networked performance) to provoke conversations around urgent contemporary issues. Through heterarchical co-creation processes and real-time online events, temporary networked communities emerge and engage in creative problem-solving. The fifth “situation,” created at Multicidade Festival in Rio de Janeiro in November 2015, addressed the problem of water pollution in the context of the approaching 2016 Olympic Games. This chapter chronicles the process of creating and presenting this event and proposes that cyberformance fosters an intimate proto-political form of online engagement as a positive alternative to increasingly commodified activism in commercialised internet spaces. The author, who is the lead artist of “We have a situation!” concludes that networked arts projects - in social, artistic and educational contexts - have an important role to play in the post-democratic reconfiguration of civic engagement, agency and activism.
Writing MOOEEs?
Authors: Hewett Beth L. , Warnock Scott
Published: November 2016

In this chapter, the authors consider the conundrum of a writing MOOC, which is both a counter-traditional type of college “course” and an experimental online venue that recently has gained, lost, and regained traction. Using the CCCC OWI Principles and current scholarship as grounding, the authors argue that MOOCs are too big and technologically unwieldy to be considered a traditional, credit-bearing writing course and that they are problematic even when the credit issue is removed from the equation. Issues include inherent accessibility, responsibilities to stakeholders, infrastructure challenges, needs for educator preparation and training, and compensation. The authors then reimagine the writing MOOC as a MOOEE, or massive open online educational experience, to take advantage of its relative benefits. Nonetheless, even reconceiving a MOOC as a MOOEE does not solve all of its problems when held against educational principles that address both learning and material conditions.
What's a “Technician” to Do?
Authors: Henry Thomas Patrick
Published: November 2016

Karl Marx wrote about the importance of the worker in the role of machinery. Further, Marx discusses how machines replace the role of the factory workers. With the workers replaced, the care of the machines is left to technicians, who continually repair and maintain the machines. MOOCs exist under similar circumstances. Just as a machine may replace workers on a production line, a single MOOC replaces classroom instructors. Thus, the teacher/designer, the one who maintains the MOOC, exists in similar conditions as Marx's worker and Ellul's technician. Using a Marxist lens, one can examine closer how these sorts of theoretical concerns espoused by Marx, Ellul, and other thinkers in technology consider the design and use of MOOCs. The MOOC must either be constantly updated (with new and fresh information) or perish (to be replaced by a better MOOC). In this chapter, the author will flush out other challenges within the scope of MOOC maintenance, delivery, and other concerns as they connect to MOOC infrastructure and issue of maintenance.
Introduction Discussion Board Forums in Online Writing Courses Are Essential
Authors: Stewart Jennifer
Published: November 2016

This chapter develops a framework for thinking about online writing instruction and how it impacts training and the evaluation of new and senior faculty. This chapter interrogates online writing instruction by using activity theory and ethnography to examine the role of introduction discussion forums in an online writing course. Results from this study show how student interaction in introduction discussion boards is influenced by peer reciprocity and instructor modeling. The analysis of this study contains important ramifications for WPAs regarding how an online writing course functions, and the motivation of its users, and how these factors will impact course delivery and programmatic writing policies. Furthermore, the analysis of this study suggests ways in which administrators can increase efficiency and quality of faculty training as institutions accept the pedagogical shift to online writing instruction.
Conducting Programmatic Assessments of Online Writing Instruction
Authors: Baker Nicki Litherland , Buck Elisabeth H.
Published: November 2016

Individuals seeking to evaluate the efficacy of online writing instruction (OWI) within a larger writing program must consider the unique challenges and opportunities of this method of teaching. This chapter describes the use of the Conference on College Composition and Communication's “A Position Statement of Principles and Example Effective Practices for Online Writing Instruction” (2013) as a framework for assessment. The discussion focuses on the methodological process that led to the implementation of these principles in a local programmatic study, as well as the results of this analysis. This chapter ultimately argues that the application of the CCCC's principles can be particularly beneficial for administrators seeking an accessible heuristic for assessing fully online and hybrid writing courses.
Dealing with Higher Dimensionality and Outliers in Content-Based Image Retrieval
Authors: Islam Seikh Mazharul , Banerjee Minakshi , Bhattacharyya Siddhartha
Published: November 2016

This chapter proposes a content based image retrieval method dealing with higher dimensional feature of images. The kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is done on MPEG-7 Color Structure Descriptor (CSD) (64-bins) to compute low-dimensional nonlinear-subspace. Also the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm is used to squeeze search space again where the number of clusters are counted by optimum average silhouette width. To refine these clusters further, the outliers from query image's belonging cluster are excluded by Support Vector Clus-tering (SVC). Then One-Class Support Vector Machine (OCSVM) is used for the prediction of relevant images from query image's belonging cluster and the initial retrieval results based on the similarity measurement is feed to OCSVM for training. Images are ranked from the positively labeled images. This method gives more than 95% precision before recall reaches at 0.5 for conceptually meaningful query categories. Also comparative results are obtained from: 1) MPEG-7 CSD features directly and 2) other dimensionality reduction techniques.
Graph Theoretic Approaches for Image Analysis
Authors: Banerjee Biplab , Saha Sudipan , Mohan Buddhiraju Krishna
Published: November 2016

Different graph theoretic approaches are prevalent in the field of image analysis. Graphs provide a natural representation of image pixels exploring their pairwise interactions among themselves. Graph theoretic approaches have been used for problem like image segmentation, object representation, matching for different kinds of data. In this chapter, we mainly aim at highlighting the applicability of graph clustering techniques for the purpose of image segmentation. We describe different spectral clustering techniques, minimum spanning tree based data clustering, Markov Random Field (MRF) model for image segmentation in this respect.
Project Risk Management
Authors: Raydugin Yuri
Published: November 2016

Project risk management (PRM) is considered a relatively new project management knowledge area by many project practitioners that still possesses traits of an emergent discipline and a signature of immaturity. PRM borrows various methodologies from more mature disciplines to address its challenges. As a result, multiple versions and realizations of PRM have emerged. Quite a few national and international standards have been developed to guide and regulate PRM. At the same time PRM practitioners complain on lack of practical and efficient PRM methods and tools that are recognized and accepted by PRM community at large. Moreover, the practicality void opens a door to practitioner's prolific creativity and, unfortunately, to multiple PRM fallacies. Some of fallacies already reside in PRM standards. This chapter analyses most popular PRM fallacies and puts forward several proven PRM practices to handle and displace corresponding fallacies.
Living on the Edge
Authors: Hass Kathleen Barbara
Published: November 2016

This game-changing chapter describes the unique and often catastrophic challenges involved in managing complex projects. The nature and dimensions of project complexity are discussed, including: team size, project duration, schedule, cost and scope flexibility, understanding of the problem and solution, stability of requirements, strategic importance, level of organizational change, inter-project dependencies and political sensitivity. Participants will be introduced to the new Project Complexity Model, a tool that is used to diagnose the complexity profile of a project. We explain the specific criteria or dimensions of complexity and propose complexity management strategies to manage each complexity dimension.
Identification of Geospatial Objects Using Spectral Pattern
Authors: Barman Subhabrata
Published: November 2016

Solar radiation on hitting a target surface may be transmitted, absorbed or reflected. Different materials reflect and absorb differently at different wavelengths. The reflectance spectrum of a material is a plot of the fraction of radiation reflected as a function of the incident wavelength and serves as a unique signature for the material. In principle, a material can be identified from its spectral reflectance signature if the sensing system has sufficient spectral resolution to distinguish its spectrum from those of other materials. This premise provides the basis for multispectral remote sensing. Nguyen Dinh Duong (1997) proposed a method for decomposition of multi-spectral image into several sub-images based on modulation (spectral pattern) of the spectral reflectance curve. The hypothesis roots from the fact that different ground objects have different spectral reflectance and absorption characteristics which are stable for a given sensor. This spectral pattern can be considered as invariant and be used as one of classification rules.
Site-Suitability Analysis for the Identification of Potential Sites to Construct Rain Water Harvesting Systems
Authors: Mitra Shreyashi Santra
Published: November 2016

Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems are a boon to the modern scientific domain as it provides a strong base for understanding the Earth's behavior in so many ways and help us to understand its response to certain conditions. With the exploitation of these two modules important spatial decisions can be made at ease with quite a satisfactory accuracy level. With the context of global warming water scarcity is being identified as sector demanding strategical implementation of plans for sustainable development. To ensure water supply water conservation is required. Runoff harvesting could be an option to that if the area under plan experience substantial runoff in a year. Lower Kasai Keleghai interfluve situated in West Bengal falls under monsoonal climatic regime. GIS based site-suitability analysis was adopted here based on LULC and Curve Number to identify potential zones for runoff harvesting. The result shows that 18.71% of the interfluve is suitable for providing a base for runoff harvesting.
Role of Remote Sensing in Potential Fishing Zone Forecast
Authors: Santra Abhisek , Mitra Debashis
Published: November 2016

Forecasting of Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ) is considered as economically and environmentally significant towards ensuring profitable base of economy and planning for sustenance of existing fishing pool. Changes in environmental conditions affect the distribution, abundance and availability of fish. The traditional sampling approaches for PFZ identification using boats and vessels are not only costly and time consuming but practically absurd considering the vastness of seas and oceans. In this chapter importance of alternative but effective methods of airborne and satellite remote sensing has been given. The chapter elucidates the factors for PFZ identification like thermal condition in sea controlling its thermal circulation, chlorophyll-a concentration estimated from ocean color dynamics, etc. Tools/system to prepare PFZ advisories and also the platforms for dissemination of the same, have been illustrated based on Indian scenario.
Detecting Synchronization Signal Jamming Attacks for Cybersecurity in Cyber-Physical Energy Grid Systems
Authors: Rawat Danda B. , Chatfield Brycent A.
Published: November 2016

The transformation of the traditional power grid into a cyber physical smart energy grid brings significant improvement in terms of reliability, performance, and manageability. Most importantly, existing communication infrastructures such as LTE represent the backbone of smart grid functionality. Consequently, connected smart grids inherit vulnerabilities associated with the networks including denial of service attack by means of synchronization signal jamming. This chapter presents cybersecurity in cyber-physical energy grid systems to mitigate synchronization signal jamming attacks in LTE based smart grid communications.
Authentication of Smart Grid
Authors: Muñoz Melesio Calderón , Moh Melody
Published: November 2016

The electrical power grid forms the functional foundation of our modern societies, but in the near future our aging electrical infrastructure will not be able to keep pace with our demands. As a result, nations worldwide have started to convert their power grids into smart grids that will have improved communication and control systems. A smart grid will be better able to incorporate new forms of energy generation as well as be self-healing and more reliable. This paper investigates a threat to wireless communication networks from a fully realized quantum computer, and provides a means to avoid this problem in smart grid domains. We discuss and compare the security aspects, the complexities and the performance of authentication using public-key cryptography and using Merkel trees. As a result, we argue for the use of Merkle trees as opposed to public key encryption for authentication of devices in wireless mesh networks (WMN) used in smart grid applications.
Secure Interoperability in Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Alcaraz Cristina , Lopez Javier
Published: November 2016

Transparency in control transactions under a secure network architecture is a key topic that must be discussed when aspects related to interconnection between heterogeneous cyber-physical systems (CPSs) arise. The interconnection of these systems can be addressed through an enforcement policy system responsible for managing access control according to the contextual conditions. However, this architecture is not always adequate to ensure a rapid interoperability in extreme crisis situations, and can require an interconnection strategy that permits the timely authorized access from anywhere at any time. To do this, a set of interconnection strategies through the Internet must be studied to explore the ability of control entities to connect to the remote CPSs and expedite their operations, taking into account the context conditions. This research constitutes the contribution of this chapter, where a set of control requirements and interoperability properties are identified to discern the most suitable interconnection strategies.
Natural Neighbor Reduction Algorithm for Instance-based Learning
Authors: Yang Lijun , Zhu Qingsheng , Huang Jinlong , Cheng Dongdong , Zhang Cheng
Published: November 2016

Instance reduction is aimed at reducing prohibitive computational costs and the storage space for instance-based learning. The most frequently used methods include the condensation and edition approaches. Condensation method removes the patterns far from the decision boundary and do not contribute to better classification accuracy, while edition method removes noisy patterns to improve the classification accuracy. In this paper, a new hybrid algorithm called instance reduction algorithm based on natural neighbor and nearest enemy is presented. At first, an edition algorithm is proposed to filter noisy patterns and smooth the class boundaries by using natural neighbor. The main advantage of the algorithm is that it does not require any user-defined parameters. Then, using a new condensation method based on nearest enemy to reduce instances far from decision line. Through this algorithm, interior instances are discarded. Experiments show that the hybrid approach effectively reduces the number of instances while achieves higher classification accuracy along with competitive algorithms.
Survey of State-of-Art in Green Cloud Computing
Authors: Ahuja Sanjay P. , Muthiah Karthika
Published: November 2016

Cloud computing is witnessing tremendous growth at one time when climate change and reducing emissions from energy use is gaining attention. With the growth of the cloud, however, comes an increase in demand for energy. There is growing global awareness about reducing greenhouse gas emissions and healthy environments. Green computing in general aims to reduce the consumption of energy and carbon emission and also to recycle and reuse the energy usage in a beneficial and efficient way. Energy consumption is a bottleneck in internet computing technology. Green cloud computing related technology arose as an improvement to cloud computing. Cloud data centers consume inordinate amounts of energy and have significant CO2 emissions as they have a huge network of servers. Furthermore, these data centers are tightly linked to provide high performance services, outsourcing and sharing resources to multiple users through the internet. This paper gives an overview about green cloud computing and its evolution, surveys related work, discusses associated integrated green cloud architecture – Green Cloud Framework, innovations, and technologies, and highlights future work and challenges that need to be addressed to sustain an eco-friendly cloud computing environment that is poised for significant growth.
TVGuarder
Authors: Lin Li , Li Shuang , Li Bo , Zhan Jing , Zhao Yong
Published: November 2016

Cloud computing has a most vulnerable security concerns as virtualization. This paper presents a Trace-enable Virtualization protection framework named TVGuarder, which protects IaaS user's important data from being illegally accessed or maliciously damaged by insider attacks. A threat model is established to characterize cloud-oriented insider attacks and countermeasures are proposed in TVGuarder. First, LSM hooks in host OS kernel are leveraged to enforce that VM images could only be accessed by host virtualization service. Second, a trusted loading mechanism is proposed to prevent tampered or disguised virtualization process from being executed in Host OS. Third, a log-based back tracing mechanism is designed to record full call trace of VM operations and guarantee that only legitimate VM operations are allowed. TVGuarder has been implemented in Openstack platform and several comprehensive experiments are conducted. Experimental results show that TVGuarder can identify several important insider attacks and protect virtual machine images with only a small performance degradation.
Hilbert Index-based Outlier Detection Algorithm in Metric Space
Authors: Xu Honglong , Rong Haiwu , Mao Rui , Chen Guoliang , Shan Zhiguang
Published: November 2016

Big data is profoundly changing the lifestyles of people around the world in an unprecedented way. Driven by the requirements of applications across many industries, research on big data has been growing. Methods to manage and analyze big data to extract valuable information are the key of big data research. Starting from the variety challenge of big data, this dissertation proposes a universal big data management and analysis framework based on metric space. In this framework, the Hilbert Index-based Outlier Detection (HIOD) algorithm is proposed. HIOD can handle all datatypes that can be abstracted to metric space and achieve higher detection speed. Experimental results indicate that HIOD can effectively overcome the variety challenge of big data and achieves a 2.02 speed up over iORCA on average and, in certain cases, up to 5.57. The distance calculation times are reduced by 47.57% on average and up to 89.10%.
Spreading the Light of Knowledge
Authors: Jha Jatinder Kumar , Pandey Jatin
Published: November 2016

Given the strategic importance of knowledge in current competitive business environment, it becomes imperative to unfold the possible avenues to motivate the employees to share knowledge with fellow-members in the organization. The article investigates, mechanism of influence of job satisfaction on knowledge sharing behavior of Indian IT- professionals from the lens of social-exchange theory and Job demands-Resources (JD-R) model. A longitudinal study of 106 respondents from Indian IT firms indicates that job satisfaction directly and indirectly encourages the individual to share their knowledge. Specifically, the authors found trust in management and psychological safety mediated this relationship. Implications of their findings for practice and limitations of the study and directions for future research have also been discussed.