bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polymer Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Anniebell Stanley , Gopinath Subash C.B.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Research interest on the properties of polymer conjugated gold
nanoparticle (GNP) in biomedicine is rapidly rising because of the extensive evidences for
their unique properties. In the field of biomedicine, GNPs have been widely used because of
their inertness and low levels of cytotoxicity. Therefore, when exposed to cells, they are less
prone to exert damaging effects. GNPs are capable of being functionalized as desired and are
ideal as they do not encourage undesired side reactions that might counter react with the intention
of the functionalization. Biofouling is an occurrence that takes place at cellular and
biological molecular level, binds non-specifically on the detection surface and forms a wrong
output. This undesired incidence can be avoided by conjugating the surface of biomolecules
with polymers. Densely packed repeating chains of polymers such as polyethylene glycol are
capable of decreasing non-specific reactions. Applications of polymer conjugated GNPs in
the field of biomedicine are as biosensors, delivery and therapeutic agents.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the properties and applications of polymer conjugated GNPs are
studied widely as overviewed here.
Synthesis of 1,3-benzoxazines Based on 2,4,4-trimethyl-7,2’,4’-trihydroxy Flavan: Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory, Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition and Molecular Modelling Studies
Authors: Mohammed Issam A. , Ahmed Mahmood , Ikram Rabia , Muddassar Muhammad , Qadir Muhammad Abdul , Binti Awang Khalijah
Published: April 2018

Background:

In the present study, the formation of 2, 4, 4-trimethyl-7,2’4’-trihydroxy
flavan has been used as the key feature for the formation of new 1,3-benzoxazines. This reaction
was carried out via Mannich-condensation reaction, the 7-hydroxy group of flavan was reacted with
different primary amines in the presence of formaldehyde.

Methods:

All the synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of FT-IR, NMR, MS and
elemental analysis (CHN). Disk diffusion and 96-well plate assay methods were employed for the
zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration determination, respectively to investigate
the antibacterial activities.

Results and Conclusion:

Our studies showed that compound with electron withdrawing group on
the benzene ring of 1,3-benzoxazines has promising antibacterial activities. An oral dose of
10 mg/kg body weight was administered to albino mice for acute toxicity of synthesized compounds.
In vivo anti-inflammatory and in-vitro cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) studies showed that
compound 11 was the most potent anti-inflammatory agent which inhibited induced edema by
62.7% while 68.7% inhibition of COX-2 was observed. The plausible binding mode of this compound
in COX-2 enzyme was also determined using molecular docking simulations.
Long-lived magnetoexcitons and two-dimensional magnetofermionic condensate in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure
Authors: Kulik L.V. , Gorbunov V. , Zhuravlev S. , Timofeev V.B. , Kukushkin I.V.
Published: April 2018

AbstractExcitation of long-lived triplet magnetoexcitons in a Hall insulator (filling factor ν = 2) with a high mobility of electrons, at low temperatures, Т < 1 K, enabled to discover a new collective state − magnetofermionic condensate , that interacts coherently with an external electromagnetic field, exhibits superradiant properties and, owing to its low viscosity, spreads over the surface of the two-dimensional structure for macroscopically large distances.
Metal-semiconductor nanoheterostructures with an AlGaN quantum well and in-situ formed surface Al nanoislands
Authors: Evropeytsev E.A. , Semenov A.N. , Nechaev D.V. , Jmerik V.N. , Kaibyshev V.Kh. , Troshkov S.I. , Brunkov P.N. , Usikova A.A. , Ivanov S.V. , Toropov A.A.
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe report on fabrication and studies of composite heterostuctures consisting of an Al_0.55Ga_0.45N/A_l0.8Ga_0.2N quantum well and surface Al nanoislands, grown by plasma-assisted molecularbeam epitaxy on c-sapphire substrates. The influence of a substrate temperature varied between 320 and 700ºC on the size and density of the deposited Al nanoislands is evaluated. The effect of Al nanoislands on decay kinetics of the quantum well middle-ultraviolet photoluminescence has been investigated by time resolved photoluminescence. The samples with the maximum density of Al nanoislands of 10^8 cm^–2 and lateral dimensions in the range of 100–500 nm demonstrated shortening of the photoluminescence lifetime, induced by interaction of the emitting quantum well and the plasmonic metal particles.
New method of porous Ge layer fabrication: structure and optical properties
Authors: Gorokhov E.B. , Astankova K.N. , Azarov I.A. , Volodin V.A. , Latyshev A.V.
Published: April 2018

AbstractPorous germanium films were produced by selective removal of the GeO_2 matrix from the GeO_2 heterolayer in deionized water or HF. On the basis of Raman and infrared spectroscopy data it was supposed that a stable skeletal framework from agglomerated Ge nanoparticles (amorphous or crystalline) was formed after the selective etching of GeO_2 heterolayers. The kinetics of air oxidation of amorphous porous Ge layers was investigated by scanning ellipsometry. Spectral ellipsometry allowed estimating the porosity of amorphous and crystalline porous Ge layers, which was ~70 and ~80%, respectively.
Concentric GaAs nanorings growth modelling
Authors: Nastovjak A.G. , Neizvestny I.G. , Vasilenko M.A. , Shwartz N.L.
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe nanostructures formation process using the droplet epitaxy technique was investigated by Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation was fulfilled for two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometry substrates. The nanostructures morphology dependence on the growth temperature was presented. Crystal clusters, single and double rings were observed. The nanostructures shape was shown to be determined by the gallium diffusion length. The conditions of double rings formation during the droplet epitaxy were considered using analytical and numerical approaches. The factors that determine the rings location and shape were analyzed. The growth morphology was demonstrated to be dependent on the initial distance L between the droplets. The double ring formation was possible at a low droplet density only, when the As-stabilized region could be created between the droplets.
Kinetics of structural changes on GaSb(001) singular and vicinal surfaces during the UHV annealing
Authors: Vasev A.V. , Putyato M.A. , Preobrazhenskii V.V. , Bakarov A.K. , Toropov A.I.
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe dynamics of processes of antimony desorption was investigated on the singular and vicinal GaSb(001) surface by RHEED method. The role of the terraces edges was determined during antimony evaporation in Langmuir desorption mode. It is shown that the structural transition (2 × 5) → (1 × 3) is a complex of two transitions— order → disorder and disorder → order. The influence of the degree of surface miscut from the singular face on the dimension of the transition (2 × 5) → DO was studied. The activation energies of structural transitions ex (2 × 5) → (2 × 5), (2 × 5) → DO and DO → (1 × 3) on singular and vicinal faces GaSb(001) were determined.
Resistance switching in Ag, Au and Cu films at the percolation threshold
Authors: Gladskikh I.A. , Gushchin M.G. , Vartanyan T.A.
Published: April 2018

AbstractA straightforward method for thin metal films production and bringing them at the percolation threshold has been developed. The method is based on the controlled thermal annealing of initially conductive metal films. Electrical conductivity studies of thin silver, gold, and copper films at the percolation threshold revealed the existence of high-resistance states (10^12 Ω) and low-resistance states (10^3 Ω) of the films. The switching between these states under bias is reversible. The characteristic switching times are 200 ns, 2 μs, and 60 μs for silver, gold, and copper films, correspondently.
Решеточная теплоемкость наноструктурированных материалов на основе титана/циркония и алюминия
Authors: Долгушева Е.Б. , Трубицын В.Ю.
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe dynamic and thermal properties of nanostructured materials based on aluminum with the periodic inclusions of Ti or Zr clusters have been investigated by the method of molecular dynamics. The elastic moduli, spectral vibrational densities of states, and temperature dependences of heat capacity for different Ti–Al and Zr–Al systems have been obtained. The effect of specific features of the phonon spectrum on the heat capacity of the nanocomposite lattice has been examined. It is shown that the ordering type and size of Ti/Zr clusters in the aluminum matrix significantly affect the elastic properties and heat capacity. The results obtained can be used for fabricating new aluminum-, titanium-, and zirconium-based composites with the desired properties.
Новая возможная структура силицида Mg-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Si под давлением
Authors: Луняков Ю.В.
Published: April 2018

AbstractAs a result of an evolutionary search based on the density functional theory, a new low-symmetry structure of silicide Mg_2Si under pressure was discovered. This structure can exist along with the known structures of the symmetry Pnma and P63/mmc and is stable at a pressure of about 20 GPa. The lattice parameters of the discovered structure are in better agreement with the experimental values than the lattice parameters of the known structures.
Влияние фокусировки на распространение фононов и теплопроводность в монокристаллических пленках с различным типом анизотропии упругой энергии
Authors: Кулеев И.И.
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe influence of the anisotropy of elastic energy on the phonon propagation and phonon transport in single crystal nanofilms with different types of anisotropy of elastic energy in a Knudsen flow of a phonon gas is studied. The angular distribution of phonon mean free paths in the planes of the films and in their cross section is analyzed. The physical reasons leading to the dependence of the thermal conductivity on the orientation of the film planes and the directions of the heat flux relative to the crystal axes are studied. An analysis of the effect of focusing on the phonon propagation made it possible to explain the qualitative difference between the anisotropy of phonon mean free paths in films of cubic nanocrystals of various types having different orientations of the planes.
Фотолюминесценция ниобата лития, легированного медью
Authors: Горелик В.С. , Пятышев А.Ю. , Сидоров Н.В.
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe photoluminescence (PL) of copper-doped lithium niobate single crystals is studied using different UV–Vis light-emitting diodes and a pulse-periodic laser with a wavelength of 266 nm as excitation radiation sources. With the resonance excitation from a 527-nm light-emitting diode, the intensity of PL increases sharply (by two orders of magnitude). When using a 467-nm light-emitting diode for excitation, the PL spectrum is characterized by the presence of multiphonon lines in the range of 520–620 nm.
Влияние материала подложки на структуру и электрофизические свойства тонких пленок Ba-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Sr-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-TiO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Афанасьев М.С. , Киселев Д.А. , Левашов С.А. , Лузанов В.А. , Нарышкина В.Г. , Сивов А.А. , Чучева Г.В. , Набиев А.Э.
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe high-frequency spraying method has been used to produce Ba_ x Sr_1– x TiO_3 thin films on (111)Pt/(100)Si and SiOx/(100)Si substrates. The synthesized films have proven to be single-phase with a polycrystalline structure. In this paper, we show the influence of the platinum sublayer on such parameters as roughness, mean size of grains, and the local polarization of Ba_ x Sr_1– x TiO_3 thin films. Possible mechanisms of the obtained results related to the intragrain conductivity and the nature of interaction of a ferroelectric film with its substrate are discussed.
Комплексные исследования кинетики индуцированного фазового перехода в [001], [011] и [111]-ориентированных монокристаллических релаксорных твердых растворах
Authors: Камзина Л.С. , Кулакова Л.А.
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe kinetics of an induced phase transition in single-crystal relaxor solid solutions 33PbIn_1/2Nb_1/2O_3–35PbMg_1/3Nb_2/3O_3–32PbTiO_3 and PbMg_1/3Nb_2/3O_3–29PbTiO_3 under application of an electric field along three directions [001], [011], and [111] at room temperature is studied. Joint measurements of optical transmission at different wavelengths, dielectric properties, and attenuation of sound are carried out. It was found that, even in small fields ( E ~ 2 kV/cm) applied in the [011] and [111] directions, the maximum changes in all three characteristics as well as the coincidence of the time dependences of the optical transmission at different wavelengths of light occur in the same time interval. It is established that, in the same interval of fields along the [001] direction, the anomalies of the optical properties do not coincide in time with the anomalies of the acoustic and dielectric properties. The results obtained are explained by the induction of single-domain and multidomain phases.
Теплота плавления малых кластеров в модели потенциала с эффективной глубиной потенциальной ямы
Authors: Мельников Г.А.
Published: April 2018

AbstractWithin the framework of the cluster model using the Mie pair power-law interaction potential with the effective depth of the potential well, whose depth is determined by the number of particles in the cluster, an equation for the calculation of the heat of melting of cluster systems is obtained. The resulting mathematical expression does not contain empirical constants and shows that the ratio of the heat of melting of a cluster to the heat of melting of a macroscopic sample is a universal function of the number of particles in the cluster and mathematically described by the square of the hyperbolic tangent.
Модель хаотической автоколебательной системы диапазона 10-30 GHz на основе SiGe-технологии 130 nm
Authors: Ефремова Е.В.
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe problem of generation of utlrawideband chaotic oscillations in the frequency range of 10–30 GHz is considered. This problem is relevant to fifth-generation communication systems. A generator model designed for the silicon–germanium 130-nm process technology is proposed and studied.
Получение наноразмерного детонационного углерода на импульсном газодетонационном аппарате
Authors: Штерцер А.А. , Ульяницкий В.Ю. , Батраев И.С. , Рыбин Д.К.
Published: April 2018

AbstractCombustion and thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon fuels are used to produce different forms of carbon. Combustion in the detonation mode is of particular interest, as nanocarbon obtained under these conditions differs in properties from products synthesized by other techniques. A pulsed gas-detonation device designed on the basis of a CCDS2000 detonation spraying facility opens up new possibilities for manufacturing of nanocarbon. The device operates in a flow mode of gas supply into the reactor at the atmospheric pressure, which ensures high productivity and industrial safety of this method. Using detonation of acetylene-oxygen mixtures rich in acetylene, nanoscale carbon was obtained with particle morphology depending on the ratio of the components in the gaseous mixture.
Уменьшение работы выхода при гидрогенизации углеродных нанотрубок в плазме водорода
Authors: Булярский С.В. , Богданова Д.А. , Кицюк Е.П. , Лакалин А.В. , Павлов А.А. , Рязанов Р.М. , Шаманаев А.А. , Шаман Ю.П.
Published: April 2018

AbstractExperimental data showing a decrease in the work function of carbon nanotube (CNT) bundles and arrays hydrogenated in hydrogen-containing plasma are presented. This plasma treatment leads to hydrogen chemisorption on CNTs, which results in a work-function decrease from 4.8 to 3.3 eV. The experimental data confirm quantum-mechanical calculations for single-walled CNTs of variable chirality. Calculations indicate that a decrease in the CNT work function depends on both the properties of CNT and the degree of its passivation by hydrogen.
Повышение прочностных характеристик титана при имплантации ионами аргона
Authors: Перинская И.В. , Родионов И.В. , Куц Л.Е. , Тищенко О.Д.
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe have studied the influence of argon-ion implantation at accelerating voltages within 40–130 kV in a dose range of (1–4) × 10^16 ion/cm^2 on the morphology, microhardness, and fatigue strength of titanium. A method of titanium surface strengthening and modification by Ar^+-ion implantation is proposed, which opens new possible applications of this material in electrical devices for power engineering, chemical industry, and metallurgical equipment.
Odnowa muzyki kościelnej w Polsce
Authors: Dąbek Tomasz Maria
Published: April 2018

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D. SARTORE, A. M. TRIACCA i C. CIBIEN, Dizionari San Paolo. Liturgia, Mediolan 2001
Authors: Syczewski Tadeusz
Published: April 2018

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Healthcare students� experiences of multi-user virtual environments for collaborative learning in team care delivery: A mixed method study (Preprint)
Authors: Liaw Sok Ying , Soh Shawn , Wu Ling Ting , Tan Seng Chee , Wong Lai Fun , Yap John , Ignacio Mary Jeanette Jacinto , Chow Yeow Leng
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

There has been a dearth of collaborative learning across tertiary institutions due to challenges in scheduling and geographical locations. Three-dimensional virtual environments are a viable and innovative tool to bring diverse healthcare students to learn together.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to describe the development of a multiuser virtual environment and to evaluate healthcare students’ experiences of their collaborative learning in the environment.

METHODS

A mixed method study design was employed. Participants from six healthcare courses (Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, and Medical Social Work) were recruited from three institutions to form six interprofessional healthcare teams who participated in interdisciplinary team care via a virtual environment. Four focus groups were conducted with 27 healthcare students after they completed questionnaires to evaluate their perceived usability, the sociability of computer-supported collaborative learning, and senses of presence. Interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

RESULTS

Four themes emerged from the students’ experiences: “Bringing everyone together” to learn in the virtual platform was perceived as a valuable experience; “Feeling real”, whereby the students felt immersed in their own healthcare profession’s roles; learning in the virtual environment was perceived as “less threatening” compared to face-to-face interactions; and there were some “technical hiccups” related to sound quality and navigation. The participants reported positively on the usability (mean 3.48, SD 0.64) and feasibility (mean 3.39, SD 0.60) of the virtual environment in supporting collaborative learning. With a maximum score of 168, they also perceived a moderately strong sense of presence (mean 107.24, SD 17.78) in the environment.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides evidence for the acceptance of a virtual platform for collaborative learning in team care delivery. Given its flexibility, practicality, and scalability, this virtual platform serves as a promising tool for collaborative learning across different healthcare courses and institutions.
Produksi imunoglobulin Y (IgY) untuk pengembangan metode deteksi dini kontaminasi okratoksin (Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) production to develop an early detection method for ochratoxin contamination)
Authors: KRESNAWATY Irma , SUHARYANTO . , SISWANTO . , HUDIYONO Sumi
Published: April 2018

Indonesian coffee and cocoa commodities are constrained by low product quality problem due to contamination of fungal metabolites which  producing ochratoxin A (OTA). Ochratoxin is neprotoxic, immunogenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic to the human health. Early detection method on site detection should be developed  because of  those negative effects. The aim of this study  was to produce antibody to develop a method for  OTA detection. Antibody was produced by immunization of egg laying hen. Antibody-produced was sepatared and analyzed using ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and DBIA (dot blot immunoassay),and tested its composition using HPLC and SDS PAGE. The results showed that anti-OTA polyclonal antibodies had been obtained already from chicken eggs in the 4th period (7 weeks after initial immunization). These antibodies showed anti-OTA reactivity by DBIA method and still showed anti-OTA reactivity up to 9th period (12 weeks after initial immunization). The anti-BSA antibodies produced should be removed to increase the sensitivity of antibodies againts ochratoxin A. The separation of BSA antibodies can be conducted by the absorption of the protein.  [Keywords: ochratoxin A; early detection; antibody IgY]. AbstrakKomoditas kopi dan kakao Indonesia terkendala masalah mutu produk yang rendah akibat kontaminasi cendawan penghasil okratoksin A. Okratoksin A (OTA) bersifat neprotoksik, imunogenik, karsinogenik dan teratogenik yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Karena efek negatif yang diakibatkan oleh mikotoksin ini, maka perlu dikembangkan deteksi dini kontaminasi okratoksin langsung di lokasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan antibodi imunoglobulin Y (IgY) untuk mengembangkan metode perakitan perangkat deteksi cepat berbasis imunologi untuk deteksi OTA. Antibodi dihasilkan menggunakan uji ayam petelur. Antibodi yang dihasilkan dipisahkan dan dianalisis aktivitasnya dengan ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) dan DBIA (dot blot immunoassay), serta diuji komposisinya dengan HPLC dan SDS PAGE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antibodi poliklonal anti-OTA sudah diperoleh dari telur ayam pada periode ke-4 (7 minggu setelah imunisasi awal). Antibodi ini menunjukkan reaktivitas anti-OTA dengan metode DBIA dan masih menunjukkan reaktivitas anti-OTA sampai periode 9 (12 minggu setelah imunisasi awal). Komposisi asam amino antibodi anti-OTA menunjukkan perbedaan dengan komposisi asam amino IgY di database. Antibodi anti BSA yang dihasilkan harus dihilangkan terlebih dahulu untuk meningkatkan sensitivitas antibodi terhadap okratoksin A dan pemisahan dapat dilakukan dengan penyerapan antibodi BSA.[Kata Kunci:  okratoksin A;  deteksi dini; antibodi IgY].
The Role of Sell-Side Analysts after Accusations of Managerial Misconduct
Authors: Jennings Jared
Published: April 2018

Prior research questions the general informational role of analysts by documenting inefficiencies, biases, and limitations of their research. Rather than examine the general informational value of analyst research, I examine the value of analyst research in a specific setting—shareholder lawsuits—when investors demand information but other information providers are limited in their ability to provide it. After the lawsuit's filing, the demand for and production of management-provided information decreases. I argue that analysts are uniquely qualified to provide a portion of the information demanded by investors after the lawsuit's filing. I find evidence consistent with analysts providing more research that is more informative after the lawsuit's filing. This study provides contrasting evidence to the literature that is critical of analysts by documenting that analysts are able to produce useful information when investors demand it, despite a potential reduction in the demand for or production of management-provided information.

JEL Classifications: G11; G14; G18; G24; K20; K22; M41.
Eighteen-month Clinical Study of Universal Adhesives in Noncarious Cervical Lesions
Authors: Ruschel VC , Shibata S , Stolf SC , Chung Y , Baratieri LN , Heymann HO , Walter R
Published: April 2018

Objective:

To evaluate the clinical performance of Scotchbond Universal (3M Oral Care) and Prime & Bond Elect (Dentsply Sirona) in the restoration of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs).

Methods and Materials:

This was a randomized controlled clinical trial involving 63 subjects. Two hundred and three NCCLs were restored using Scotchbond Universal and Prime & Bond Elect using both an etch-and-rinse and a self-etch technique. Lesions were notch-shaped NCCLs, and the restorations were placed without any mechanical retention. Restorations were finished immediately after placement and scored with regard to retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, and secondary caries. Similar assessment of the restorations was performed 18 months after placement. Logistic regression was performed for each outcome separately with a compound symmetric variance-covariance structure assumed to consider a correlation of restorations within subjects. All analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Inc).

Results:

One hundred and fifty-eight teeth (77.8% of the restorations placed) in 46 subjects (73% of subjects enrolled) were available for the 18-month follow-up. A statistically significant difference was reached only for the comparison Scotchbond Universal/self-etch (SU_SE) and Prime & Bond Elect/etch-and-rinse (PBE_E&R) groups (p=0.01), where a restoration with SU_SE was 66% less likely to maintain a score of Alpha for marginal discoloration than a restoration performed with PBE_E&R.

Conclusions:

Scotchbond Universal and Prime & Bond Elect presented acceptable clinical performance after 18 months of clinical service. However, Scotchbond Universal, when applied with a self-etch approach, did demonstrate a relatively high level of marginal discoloration when compared to the other groups.
Prevalence Study of Gastrointestinal Helminth in Domestics Dogs (Canis Familiaris) Slaughtered in Selected Abattoirs in Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Chanding Armstrong Yusuf , Umar Yahaya Abdullahi , Tenshak Tanko James , Ibrahim Shuaibu
Published: April 2018

Being that dogs are domestic animals to man, they are also consumed as meat. This study therefore aimed to determine the presence of gastrointestinal helminth of dogs in the two Local Government Areas of Plateau State, Nigeria namely Jos South and Pankshin and also to identify possible risk factors of zoonosis. Gastrointestinal content of 228 slaughtered dogs in abattoirs were selected randomly from Unguwarkare in Jos South and Kurum, in Pankshin LGAs. Samples were conveyed to the parasitological division of the National Veterinary Research Institute (N.V.R.I) Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria for analysis. The Post-mortem Differential Parasite Counts procedure as described by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) was used for the analysis. Of the total 228 feacal samples analysed, 138 (60.53%) were positive for at least one of the intestinal parasites. Among the gastrointestinal helminth, Taenia pisiformis, Dipylidium caninum and Echinococusgranulosus were the cestodes recorded with prevalence of 36.84%, 12.72% and 1.75% respectively. Nematodes recorded were Ancylostoma caninum (3.51%), Toxocaracanis (4.83%) and Trichurisvulpis(0.88%). However, from the 114 samples collected from Unguwarkare study area, 77(67.54%) were positive for the various intestinal helminthes which include Taenia spp. (42.98%), D. caninum (1316%) and E. granulosus (2.63%). As for the nematodes, A. caninum, T. canis and T. vulpis recorded 3.51%, 2.63% and 0.88% prevalences respectively. The parasites recorded from the remaining 114 samples analysed at Kurum include 28.95% T. pisiformis, 12.28% D. caninum and 0.88% E. granulosus while the nematodes recorded wereT. Canis (7.02%), A. caninum (3.51%) and T. vulpis (0.88%). The study revealed the presence of zoonotic gastrointestinal helminthes in dogs in the study areas with highest infection rate recorded at Unguwarkare in Jos South LGA compared with those of Kurum community of Pankshin LGA. Therefore, the general public in the said areas are at high risk of being infected with any of the zoonotic parasites.
Elaboração e implantação de procedimento de solicitação de medicamentos manipulados personalizados
Authors: Reis Guimarães Ana Carolina , Marostegam Priscila Faria Franca , Chaves Cleuber Esteves , Pinto Vanusa Barbosa
Published: April 2018

Resumo: O intuito da farmacotécnica é contribuir com as demais áreas da farmácia hospitalar, para que esta atenda suas atividades de serviço clínico e auxilie o atendimento ao paciente hospitalizado. Para que o paciente possa usufruir de um serviço de qualidade é necessário um sistema gerencial que reconheça suas necessidades e estabeleça padrões para assegurar a satisfação e recuperação do mesmo. Objetivo: Sistematizar o procedimento de solicitação de medicamentos manipulados. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, realizado no Setor de Manipulação da Unidade de Farmacotécnica Hospitalar. Foi realizada uma reunião com farmacêuticos participantes para apresentação e validação da ferramenta. Posteriormente foi elaborado um procedimento operacional padrão (POP), fluxograma e formulário de solicitação de medicamento manipulado. O mesmo era preenchido pelos farmacêuticos da central de avaliação de prescrição (CAP) e da assistência farmacêutica à internação (AFI) e encaminhado ao setor de manipulação, onde era feita a análise da viabilidade de manipulação do medicamento. Após a avaliação, a resposta era registrada em uma planilha Microsoft Office Excel® e compartilhada com o profissional solicitante. Ao final da pesquisa foi aplicado um questionário de satisfação para os farmacêuticos solicitantes. Resultados: No período de estudo houve um total de 26 solicitações de medicamentos manipulados, os quais foram requisitados em sua maioria pela AFI, representando 58% (15) dos pedidos. A clínica com o maior número de requisições de medicamentos manipulados foi a UTI da Divisão de Clínica Neurológica com 19% (5) das solicitações. A classe farmacoterapêutica mais solicitadas de acordo com a classificação a Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) foi a de antibacterianos para uso sistêmico, representando 27% (7) dos medicamentos solicitados.  Dos 26 medicamentos solicitados 81% (21) foram manipulados. O prazo de entrega dos medicamentos variou de 0 a 3 dias, sendo 57% (12) solicitações manipuladas e atendidas no mesmo dia. A via de administração em que houve o maior número de solicitações foi a oral com 38% (8). Os farmacêuticos demonstraram sua opinião quanto a ferramenta utilizada, avaliando atributos presentes no questionário de satisfação. Obteve-se um retorno de 64% dos questionários de satisfação. Destaca-se positivamente a avaliação dos farmacêuticos relacionada aos quesitos presentes no questionário, em que 100% dos farmacêuticos disseram que a ferramenta proposta deve ser implantada na rotina. Conclusão: A análise dos dados deste trabalho permitiu concluir que a ferramenta proposta para solicitação de medicamentos manipulados é considerada satisfatória e atende às expectativas dos usuários, ainda que algumas alterações e ajustes se façam necessárias. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Medicamento manipulado, otimização de processos, farmácia hospitalar, boas práticas de manipulação.
Proposta de otimização da produtividade do setor de coleta externa de um hemocentro do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Ohtani Renê Felippe , Nascimento Jaqueline Oliveira Valdeviño , Nishimoto Ticiane , Val y Val Peres da Mota Nancy , Lambert Susana
Published: April 2018

Introdução: Segundo dados brasileiros coletados em 2015, nota-se uma queda do número de coleta de bolsas de sangue em comparação com o ano anterior. Um grande hemocentro do Estado de São Paulo oferece um serviço de coleta externa, enviando uma equipe para coletar bolsas no local de uma instituição que deseja realizar uma campanha de doação de sangue. Com o conhecimento deste serviço, foi gerada uma demanda superior à oferta oferecida pelo hemocentro. Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é descrever os processos do serviço de coleta externa, realizar uma análise dos resultados do ano de 2017 em comparação com os demais postos de coleta deste hemocentro e propor estratégias de melhoria sobre esta atividade. Material e Método: Foram realizadas entrevistas, análise de documentos e dados dos resultados operacionais. A partir desta análise, foi proposto quatro cenários de melhoria sobre a operação. Resultados: A coleta externa ocorre apenas em dois dias da semana e tem seu fluxo similar ao adotado nos demais postos fixos. A maior diferença é em relação ao agendamento, vistoria do local, armazenamento das bolsas e transporte de equipamentos, materiais e funcionários. Dados indicam que a produtividade da coleta externa foi de apenas 3.367 bolsas, sendo a segunda área com menor produção. Quando ajustado aos seus dias de funcionamento, a coleta externa apresenta a segunda maior produtividade entre todos os postos. A relação entre bolsas coletadas e capacidade operacional de todos os postos mostra uma utilização da infraestrutura inferior a 50% da capacidade máxima, sendo a coleta externa o setor que tem melhores valores sobre este indicador. Com a identificação desta oportunidade, foram propostos 4 cenários que permitiriam aumentar o número de bolsas coletadas. Discussão: A baixa porcentagem de utilização da capacidade operacional da maioria dos postos pode ser explicada pela inadequação do quadro de funcionários da organização. Por representar um serviço com demanda programada desde o início do ano, a coleta externa tem pontos fortes e oportunidades de melhoria para aumentar o número de bolsas coletadas. Dessa forma, uma Matriz B.A.S.I.C.O. foi montada a partir dos cenários propostos nos resultados. Conclusão: Com o entendimento do processo realizado durante uma coleta externa de bolsas de sangue, foi possível identificar o principal fator limitante da operação através da análise dos dados de produção. Destaca-se também o impacto dessas coletas sobre o resultado total do hemocentro, bem como sua capacidade operacional e a relação entre os demais postos. Ao final das análises, observou-se a existência de um grande potencial de melhoria sobre o setor de coletas externas. Dessa forma os quatro cenários de melhoria podem proporcionar um melhor resultado com baixo investimento adicional, podendo ser priorizado o cenário 1, o primeiro ranqueado da Matriz B.A.S.I.C.O.
When Brand Familiarity Breeds Risk: The Curse of Negative Knowledge
Authors: Walker Chip
Published: April 2018

In today’s world, knowing more about a brand can make people think worse of it. Rather than helping a brand, increased familiarity can actually add risk. This is a phenomenon referred to as “negative knowledge.” It happens when the more consumers know about a brand, the less they like it. Possible reasons can be that consumers feel embarrassed by the brand, that they have bad brand experiences or learn about them in the media or from friends, or that they dislike a company’s business motives.

Once consumers know something about a brand, it is hard for them to “un-know” it. During a time of media fragmentation when all managers are struggling to gain more fame for their brands, it’s critical to realize that brand knowledge comes with a potential dark side. While it’s always wise to avoid brand obscurity, marketers must be ever cognizant that what customers know about a brand really can do more harm than good.
How Consumers’ Styles of Thinking Can Control Brand Dilution
Authors: Monga Alokparna Basu , Hsu Liwu
Published: April 2018

Understanding consumers’ ways of thinking can help identify strategies to limit brand damage and elicit more favorable reactions from disapproving consumers. Analytic thinkers’ beliefs about a brand are diluted when they see negative information; those of holistic thinkers remain unaffected. While both analytic and holistic thinkers blame the brand equally for quality and manufacturing problems, holistic thinkers are more likely to blame contextual factors outside of the brand than analytic thinkers. This ability of holistic thinkers to focus on the outside context is the reason why their brand beliefs are not diluted.

State-of-the-art crisis management should be proactive vis-à-vis potentially negative events. Crisis communications that highlight contextual factors as triggers of negative incidents offer a powerful mechanism to restrict brand damage. Additionally, elaborational messages that clarify the nature of the brand extension can curb negative thoughts from analytic consumers and boost their responses.
PROFIL GAYA BERPIKIR SISWA SMP DALAM BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Suradi Suradi
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan profil gayaÂ berpikir siswa SMP, dalam kaitannya dengan prestasi belajarÂ matematika. yang dapat digunakan sebagai suatu pertimbangan bagiÂ guru dalam melayani/membimbing siswa berdasarkan gaya individualÂ dalam belajar matematika. Penelitian ini juga dapat menjadi umpanÂ balik dalam menilai apakah pengajaran yang selama ini terlaksanaÂ sebagai masukan instrumental memberikan dampak berarti bagiÂ pengembangan prestasi belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian ini,Â menunjukkan bahwa: (1) siswa dengan gaya belajar Field DepenÂ­dent (FD) pada umumnya berpikir sekuensial konkret, sedangkanÂ siswa Field Independent (Fl) berpikir acak abstrak; (2) gaya berpikirÂ mempunyai pengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswaÂ SMP; dan (3) prestasi belajar matematika siswa Fl lebih baik jikaÂ dibandingkan siswa FD. Sebagai implikasi yang diperoleh dari hasilÂ penelitian ini, disarankan agar dalam pembelajaran matematikaÂ dioptimalkan interaksi antara siswa Fl dan FD, dan memberikanÂ pembelajaran yang banyak berkaitan dengan dunia nyata siswa.Â Pembelajaran hendaknya dimulai dari hal yang realistik bagi siswaÂ ke hal yang abstrak, karena cara siswa SMP berpikir masih didominasi sekuensial konkret dan acak abstrak.
PENGARUH UMPAN BALIK EVALUASI FORMATIF DAN KEPRIBADIAN SISWA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Paneo Herman
Published: April 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan: (1) hasil belajar matematika yang diberi umpan balik secara kelompok dengan siswa yang diberi umpan balik individual; (2) hasil belajar matematika antara siswa yang memiliki tipe kepribadian extrovert dengan siswa yang berkepribadian introvert; (3) hasil belajar matematika pada kelompok siswa yang berkepribadian extrovert yang diberi umpan balik secara kelompok dengan siswa yang diberi umpan balik individual; (4) hasil belajar matematika kelompok siswa berkepribadian introvert yang diberi umpan balik secara kelompok dengan siswa yang diberi umpan balik individual; (5) pengaruh interaksi antara pemberian umpan balik evaluasi formatif dan tipe kepribadian siswa terhadap hasil belajar matematika. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan "FactoÂ­rial Group Design" 2x2. Hasil studi: (1) terdapat perbedaan antara hasil belajar matematika untuk kelompok siswa yang diberi umpan balik kelompok dengan kelompok siswa yang diberi umpan balik inÂ­dividual, (2) tidak terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar matematika antara kelompok siswa yang memiliki kepribadian extrovert dengan kelompok siswa yang memiliki kepribadian introvert, (3) untuk kelompok siswa yang memiliki kepribadian extrovert dan diberi umpan balik kelompok hasil belajar matematikanya lebih tinggi dari kelompok siswa yang diberi umpan balik individual, (4) untuk kelompok siswa yang memiliki kepribadian introvert dan diberi umpan balik individual hasil belajar matematikanya lebih tinggi dari kelompok siswa yang diberi umpan balik kelompok.
FAST NEUTRONS INDUCED GENETIC VARIABILITY ON BAMBARA NUT (VIGNA SUBTERRANEAN (L.) VERDC.)
Authors: A.E. Esson M.I. Adebola,
Published: April 2018

In this study, two accessions of Bambara groundnut were exposed to fast neutrons Americium-Beryllium (AmBe) source with flux of 1.5 ×104 ncm-2 s-1for different hours, and planted in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications to raise M1 generation. The data recorded were percentage germination, plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, dry weight of pods, weight of seeds and100 seeds weight. There was variation in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, Days to 50% flowering, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, dry weight of pods, weight of seeds and100 seeds weight for Black accession. In the Cream accession, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, dry weight of pods, weight of seeds and100 seeds weight were significantly different. Treatment at 16 hours performed best for plant height, leaf length, number of leaves, weight of seed per plant and 100 seed weight in Black accession while Cream performed best at 8 hours exposure time. Fast neutron was observed to improve the performance of Bambara groundnut, thus can be used in breeding programme for Bambara groundnut.
Challenges Faced by Farmers in Crop Management Practices under Environmental and Soil Degradation
Authors: Ijaz Ashraf Umair Talib,
Published: April 2018

Crop farming is the key source of revenue (12%) as well as livelihood (45%) generation in Pakistan. Although it is the mainstay of national rural economy, there are certain factors impede its actual potential. Environment and soil degradation are the most significant among these factors. Therefore, it is dire need to mitigate their adverse impact on crop management to combat the food insecurity. The present study was conducted in mix cropping zone of Punjab. Through multistage sampling technique 120 farmers were selected and data were collected through interview schedule and focus group discussion. Psychoanalysis of data revealed that among environmental factors the rain variation has the most adverse effect on crop management followed by flood, temperature variation and hailstorm respectively. Qualitative data illustrated that from last few year’s variation in time & frequency of rainfall become fashion of the day due to usage of huge amount of ammunition in successive operations against terrorism and deforestation. The data showed that soil is degraded mainly by loss of fertility followed by water logging, erosion and salinity. The focus group discussions concluded that due to bulging of population, the cropping intensity increases which deplete the needed nutrients in the soil. Although farmers apply the fertilizers, application without soil testing is all in vain in-spite of increasing the cost of production. Therefore, it is recommended that strengthen the weather forecasting department and use all kinds of media to update the farmers about upcoming weather conditions.
Efficient in vitro organogenesis and plantlets regeneration in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)-an important oilseed crop
Authors: T. Deenathayalan R. Anandan, K.V. Deepak , S. Murugan, M. Prakash M. Vignesh, B. Priyadharshini
Published: April 2018

The regeneration methods in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) already developed were genotype dependent and were unsuccessful for Indian cultivars. Hence, an efficient protocol for in vitro organogenesis and plant regeneration in sesame was attempted with TMV 3 cultivar. Immature cotyledons derived from 1-week old seedlings were cultured on MS (Murashige and Shoog) medium fortified with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), thidiazuran (TDZ) and kinetin for adventitious shoot induction. It was found that optimal medium for direct shoot formation was MS with BAP (2.0 mg/l) at a frequency of 74% with an average of 4.5 shoots per expalnt. The shoot regeneration frequency was significantly reduced with either TDZ or kinetin when compared with BAP alone. Elongated individual shoots were transferred on MS media supplemented with Indole Butyric Acid (IBA; 0.5 mg/l) showed rooting frequency of 70%. The rooted plantlets were acclimatized to potting mixture containing sand, soil and clay mixture and grown to maturity with survival rate of 65 %. No phenotypic aberrations were observed among the ex vitro transferred plantlets. The protocol described here assures a high frequency of shoot regeneration, root induction and also plant survival rate.
Estimation of morphological and molecular genetic diversity in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] under YMV hotspot regime
Authors: M. Vignesh S. Jeevitha, R. Karthikeyan, , A. J. Nainu A. Malarkodi, R. Tirumalai, , S. Murugan R. Anandan, M. Prakash,
Published: April 2018

A phenotypic and molecular diversity study was conducted using seven traits and 19 SSR markers in a collection of 26 black gram genotypes. Phenotypic characterization was based on seven yield and yield related variable. The  field experiment  was  laid  out  at  Panboli village (YMV hotspot)  of Tirunelveli District in Tamilnadu during summer 2017. Genetic divergence was estimated on the basis of D2 values and 26 genotypes under study were grouped into six clusters by Tocher’s method. Seed yield per plant followed by Plant height and number of pods per plant contributed to the genetic divergence. The genetic distance announced using DICE dissimilarity co-efficient indicated highest divergence of 1.0 between VBN 8 and AUBG 17 and between VBN 8 and AUBG 19. The dendogram constructed using the DICE dissimilarity co-efficient between genotypes showed four apparent clusters based on marker allele distribution. Divergence was noted between the dissimilarity matrices based on the molecular and phenotypic diversity based on agronomic data.
Petrol Fiyatları ve İktisadi Büyüme: OECD Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Analiz
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Serdar , KILIÇ Nazife Özge
Published: April 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, petrol ithal eden ülkelerde petrol fiyatlarındaki
değişkenliklerin iktisadi büyüme üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmektir.
Literatürde yer alan çalışmaların çoğunluğu ya gelişmiş veya gelişmekte olan
ülkeleri incelemekte ya da petrol ihraç eden ülkeleri incelemektedir. Yapılan
ampirik çalışmalarda petrol ithal eden ülkelerde petrol fiyatlarındaki
değişikliklerin ekonomik büyümeye olan ilişkisinin araştırıldığı çalışmalara
pek rastlanmamaktadır. Bu alandaki boşluk bizi petrol ithal eden ülkelerde
petrol fiyatları ve iktisadi büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmeye
yönlendirmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın literatüre bu boşluğu doldurma
konusunda katkı yapacağı beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada 1987-2015 yılları arası yıllık veriler kullanılarak 26 OECD
ülkesinde petrol fiyatları ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin yönü ve
büyüklüğü panel veri analizleri kullanılarak ekonometrik açıdan tespit edilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Panel veri analizinin uygulandığı çalışmada ilk olarak
birim kök sınamaları yapılarak değişkenlerin durağan olup olmadıkları tespit
edilmiştir. Birim kök sınamaları sonucunda ele alınan değişkenlerin birinci
farkında durağan hale geldikleri ve birim kök içermedikleri gözlenmiştir.
Analizde kullanılan değişkenlerin tamamının birinci farkında durağan olmasından
dolayı değişkenlerin eş bütünleşik olup olmadıklarını incelemek amacıyla eş
bütünleşme testi uygulanmıştır. Buna göre değişkenlerin bütünleşik hareket
ettiği ve değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Aynı seviyede durağan ve eş bütünleşik olan seriler arasındaki kısa dönemli
nedensellik ilişkisi ve uzun dönemli ilişkilerin tespit edilmesi amacıyla
Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeli ve Vektör Hata Düzeltme (VEC) Modeline Dayalı
Nedensellik Testi uygulanmıştır. VEC Modeli sonucuna göre, hata düzeltme
modelindeki hata teriminin negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu ve
hata düzeltme terimi bir şokun ilk yılda yaklaşık yüzde bir gibi bir hızla
dengeye yaklaştığını ve uzun dönemdeki ilişkiye benzer biçimde petrol fiyatları
ve ekonomik büyüme arasında negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir
ilişkinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeline Dayalı Granger
Nedensellik Testi sonucuna göre ise, petrol fiyatlarından ekonomik büyümeye
doğru çift yönlü nedensellik olduğu tespit edilmiştir.