bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An appraisal of infrastructural development in Jammu province of Jammu and Kashmir State
Authors: Kachroo Jyoti , Amin Rohullah , Bhat Anil , Singh S. P. , Hamid Naveed
Published: September 2017

The present investigation was carried out to search importance of infrastructural items for agricultural growth in the region on the basis of secondary data on development of infrastructural facilities for the period from 1984-85 to 2013-14. The analysis of study found that there was significant increase in area irrigated by wells and tanks from 0.31 per cent and 0.33 per cent during period I to 1.41 per cent and 0.59 per cent in overall period, respectively whereas area irrigated by canals was found to be highest (86.55 per cent). As far as physical infrastructural items are concerned, development was improved considerably and substantially in the region. Surface road length and storage capacity for agricultural produce has increased by 31.02 per cent and 59.10 per cent, respectively, during the period under study. All infrastructural items have shown increasing trend in terms of percentage changes over the base period except number of godowns which decreased by 1.28 per cent over base period during the entire period. Growth rate were positive for distribution of agricultural implements, road length both surfaced and unsurfaced, number of godowns, storage capacity and tube wells/ pump sets and negative for credit disbursements and electrification of villages during overall period under study.
Management of sterility mosaic disease through vector management
Authors: . Sudharani , Amaresh Y. S. , Naik M. K. , Arunkumar H. , Sunkad Gururaj
Published: September 2017

Field experiments were conducted to ascertain the efficacy of seven different chemicals (one botanical insecticide and six acaricides) viz., azadirachtin (multineem), dicofol (hiltol), fenazaquin (acegold), propargite (simbaa), wettableSulphur (mitsul), diafenthurion (derby), and spiromesifen(oberon) against Sterility Mosaic Disease (SMD) in pigeonpea under field conditions. Comprehensive analysis of data demonstrated that WettableSulphur50 WP (3 g/1) treated plot recorded the lowest incidence (7.00% and 7.30%) followed by Dicofol 18.5 EC (2.5 ml/1) which recorded an incidence of 13.02 and 11.6 per cent, respectively, at 45 and 60 days after first and second sprayfor SMD incidence as compared to 46.1 per cent in untreated control which accounted for the disease reduction of 78.14 per cent.Wettablesulphur50 WP (3 g/1) spray reduced the mite (Aceria cajani) population by 93.72 per cent followed by Dicofol 18.5 EC (2.5 ml/1) with the population reduction of 83.72 per cent. Wettablesulphur50 WP (3 g/1) spray also influenced to record the highest yield of 16.25 q ha1 as against 3.56q ha1in untreated plot and therefore, WettableSulphur and Dicofolcould be the best alternative for the management of SMD in pigeonpea under field conditions.
Effect dates of sowing and cutting time on seed yield and quality of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) CV. RL-88
Authors: Kumar P.R. Arvind , Channakeshava B. C. , Siddaraju R.
Published: September 2017

An experiment was carried to find out the effect of sowing dates and cutting time on seed yield and quality of alfalfa cv. RL-88. The results of the experiment revealed that, the significantly higher seed yield per plant (1.491 g), seed yield per plot (161.07 g) and seed yield (355.00 kg ha-1) was noticed in 15th August sowing and the cutting carried out at 60 days after sowing. Whereas, the seed quality parameters of the resultant seeds viz., highest seed germination (95.00 %), seedling length (13.90 cm), seedling dry weight (412.69 mg) and seedling vigour index (1320) found highest in15th August sowing and the cutting followed at 60 days after sowing.
Effect of ethylene on physiological changes during ripening of mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cv. Kesar
Authors: Kad V. P. , Dhemre J. K. , Doke N. L. , Kadam D. G. , Patil R. V.
Published: September 2017

The mango fruit Cv. Kesar were exposed to ethylene gas (100 ppm) for 12, 18 and 24h in fruit ripening chamber (29.4-31.9oC. with 65-84 % R.H.) and the untreated fruit was kept at ambient temperature (26-30oC with 54-62% R.H.). The fruits were then removed from the ripening chamber at the end of exposure period, packed in corrugated fibreboard boxes and then kept at ambient condition to study the ripening behaviour. In ethephon dip treatments, the mango fruits were treated with ethephon at the concentration of 500,750 and 1000 ppm for five minutes, drained, packed in corrugated fibreboard boxes and then kept at ambient condition. It was found that mango Cv. Kesar exposed to the ethylene gas in the ripening chamber and ethephon dip treatment triggered the ripening process. It was observed that mango fruits Cv. Kesar ripened by exposing them to 100 ppm ethylene gas in ripening chamber for 18 hrs and storage at ambient condition recorded the maximum shelf life of 6 days and showed better results in respect of high overall acceptability score of 8.77. Similarly, mango fruits Cv. Kesar ripened by ethephon dip treatment of 750 ppm for 5 minutes and storage at ambient condition recorded the maximum shelf life of 8 days and showed better results in respect of high overall acceptability score of 8.66, respectively. The cost of ripening chamber for 800 kg fruits on per day interest and ethylene gas was considered for calculating the cost of ripening. The cost was found to be Rs 0.69 per kg.
Letter to the Editor
Authors: Ascierto Paolo A.
Published: September 2017

No abstract available
Letter to the Editor
Authors: Pignata Sandro
Published: September 2017

No abstract available
Research Approaches in Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Publications: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Divan Aysha , Ludwig Lynn , Matthews Kelly , Motley Phillip , Tomljenovic-Berube Ana
Published: September 2017

The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) has been described as the fastest growing academic development movement in higher education. As this field of inquiry matures, there is a need to understand how SoTL research is conducted. The purpose of our study was toinform this debate by investigating research approaches used in SoTL publications. We analysed 223 empirical research studies published from 2012 to 2014 in three explicitly focused SoTL journals. We classified the studies as either qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods using an analytical framework devised from existing literature on research methods. We found that the use of the three research designs was fairly evenly distributed across the papers examined: qualitative (37.2%), quantitative (29.6%), and mixed methods (33.2%). However, there was an over-reliance on data collection from a single source in 83.9% of papers analysed, and this source was primarily students. There was some, but limited, evidence of the use of triangulation through the use of multiple data collection instruments (e.g. survey, assessment tasks, grade databases). Similarly, only one-third of publications classified as mixed methods integrated the analysis and interpretation of the qualitative and quantitative data equally within the study. We conclude that current SoTL research is characterised by methodological pluralism but could be advanced through inclusion of more diverse approaches, such as close reading, and adoption of strategies known to enhance the quality of research, for example, triangulation and visual representation.
Changes in approaches to learning over three years of university undergraduate study
Authors: McDonald Fiona , Reynolds John , Bixley Ann , Spronken-Smith Rachel
Published: September 2017

This study aimed to evaluate and compare approaches to learning by a longitudinal cohort of undergraduate students as they progressed from their first to third years of study in anatomy and physiology. The Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) wascompleted at the beginning and end of their first year of university study, and in their final semester. At first year, a surface learning approach predominated; however, at third year, students showed a significant increase in their use of deep and strategic learning approaches compared to first year, although surface learning approaches were retained. The extent to which third-year students took both strategic and deep approaches to learning was positively correlated with their performance on assessment. As students progress through a three-year science degree, they develop deeper and more strategic learning approaches, and assessment and teaching styles probably promote these approaches to learning.
ComPAIR: A New Online Tool Using Adaptive Comparative Judgement to Support Learning with Peer Feedback
Authors: Potter Tiffany , Englund Letitia , Charbonneau James , MacLean Mark Thomson , Newell Jonathan , Roll Ido
Published: September 2017

Peer feedback is a useful strategy in teaching and learning, but its effectiveness particularly in introductory courses can be limited by the relative newness of students to both the body of knowledge upon which they are being asked to provide feedback and the skill set involved in providing good feedback. This paper applies a novel approach to facilitating novice feedback: making use of students’ inherent ability to compare. The ComPAIR application discussed in this article scaffolds peer feedback through comparisons, asking students to choose the “better” of two answers in a series of pairings offered in an engaging online context. In contrast to other peer-feedback approaches that seek to train novices to be able to provide expert feedback (such as calibrated peer review) or to crowdsource grading, ComPAIR focuses upon the benefits to be gained from the critical process of comparison and ranking. The tool design is based on the longstanding psychological principle of comparative judgement, by which novices who may not yet have the compass to assess others’ work confidently can still rank content as “better” with accuracy. Data from 168 students in pilot studies in English, Physics and Math courses at the University of British Columbia are reviewed. Though the use of ComPAIR required little classroom time, students perceived this approach to increase their facility with course content, their ability assess their own work, and their capacity to provide feedback on the work of others in a collaborative learning environment.
Accessing a ‘very, very secret garden’: exploring children’s and young people’s literacy practices using participatory research methods
Authors: Calderón López Margarita , Theriault Virginie
Published: September 2017

Despite the wealth of publications on children’s and young people’s participation in research, the connections between participatory research methods (PRM) and literacy studies remain unclear. The aim of this paper is to understand why it is particularly pertinent to use PRM in literacy studies (particularly New Literacy Studies). In order to capture the complexity and plurality of these methods, we discuss two studies, one conducted with children in Chile and the other with young people in Québec (Canada). We argue that by using PRM, researchers can support participants in the appropriation of an alternative and potentially empowering view of literacy.
Learning to Teach through Writing with Students
Authors: Lee Cheu-Jey
Published: September 2017

This paper presents a study of how dialogical notes can be used to inform teaching. A total of 43 pre-service teachers were asked to write dialogical notes back and forth with their students for one semester during the practicum. Their notes and reflections were analyzed to see what the pre-service teachers learned about their students through note writing. In addition, the impact of note writing on the pre-service teachers’ teaching was also investigated. This paper argues that dialogical notes serve as a viable tool for teachers to know students on a deeper level as well as to plan and adapt their teaching accordingly.
Two different Oenococcus oeni lineages are associated to either red or white wines in Burgundy: genomics and metabolomics insights
Authors: Campbell-Sills Hugo , El Khoury Mariette , Gammacurta Marine , Miot-Sertier Cécile , Dutilh Lucie , Vestner Jochen , Capozzi Vittorio , Sherman David , Hubert Christophe , Claisse Olivier , Spano Giuseppe , De Revel Gilles , Lucas Patrick
Published: September 2017

Oenococcus oeni is the bacterium most often associated with spontaneous malolactic fermentation (MLF) of wine. During MLF, malic acid is transformed into lactic acid and several metabolites are modified, modulating wine’s total acidity and improving its sensory properties. Previous works have suggested that certain genetic groups of O. oeni strains are associated to different kinds of products. In the present study we have spotted two groups of strains isolated mainly from Burgundy wines, one associated to red wines and the other to white wines. Sequencing 14 genomes of red and white wine strains revealed that they share a common ancestor that probably colonised two different substrates –red and white wine-associated environments–, diverging over time and disseminating to various regions. Their capacity to perform MLF and modify the volatile profile of wine was determined by fermenting a chardonnay wine and analysing its volatile fraction with a non-targeted metabolomics approach by GC-MS. The strains had a different impact on the volatile composition depending on their group of origin. These results show for the first time a correspondence between the product of origin of the strains and the volatile profile of the wines they produce. Furthermore, the genetic features that might be implied in these different phenotypes are examined.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi pada Kinerja Guru dengan Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Dewanggi H.P. Aurelia , Sawitri Hunik Sri Runing
Published: September 2017

Purpose of this study to analyze the effects of leadership style, organizational culture on motivation and performance of senior high school techers in Wonogiri.  Job performance is very necessary for any profession. Job performance of teacher increasingly organizational performance so that purpose of company or organization can be reachable. Many factors which can increase job/activity such as leadership style, organizational culture, and motivation.How far leadership style and organizational culture influence to job performance is tested in this research, by insert motivation as intervening variables.

Test utilized to analyze leadership style and organizational culture influence to job performance that is path analysis,R2test, as well as statistic T test, and direct and inderct effect. Research data obtained from questionary answer propagated to the teacher of senior high school in Wonogiri. Result of research analysis express that leadership style and organizational culture has positive influence and significant to teachers job performance. And Motivation proof to be intervening variabel in relationship beetwen leadership style and organizational culture to teachers job performance.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Dimitriou Dimitrios , Ramokgopa Mmampapatla , Pietrzak Jurek R.T. , van der Jagt Dick , Mokete Lipalo
Published: September 2017

Update

This article was updated on November 13, 2019, because of a previous error. On page 1, in the Results section of the Abstract, the sentence that had read “HIV-positive patients had a significantly elevated risk of periprosthetic joint infection, at 7.6%, compared with HIV-negative patients, at 3.3% (relative risk = 2.28, 95% confidence interval = 2.14 to 2.43)” now reads “HIV-positive patients had a significantly elevated risk of complications, at 7.6%, compared with HIV-negative patients, at 3.3% (relative risk = 2.28, 95% confidence interval = 2.14 to 2.43).”

An erratum has been published: JBJS Reviews. 2019 Nov;7(11):e7.

Background:

Modern management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has afforded patients longevity while increasing the burden of arthroplasty procedures because of the increased risk of osteonecrosis, fragility fractures, and degenerative joint disease. Early publications on hip and knee arthroplasty in HIV-positive patients reported a high risk of complications, although some more recent publications demonstrated acceptable outcomes. Despite the widespread nature of the HIV pandemic, there is a paucity of literature addressing outcomes following joint arthroplasty in infected patients. We pooled available studies to obtain the best evidence regarding the safety of total hip and knee arthroplasty procedures in HIV-positive patients. The studies identified were heterogeneous, precluding a meta-analysis. However, we performed a review of the literature focusing on complications and outcomes.

Methods:

Twenty-one published English-language articles involving 6,516,186 joints were identified by a systematic review as suitable for inclusion in the study. The articles were analyzed for complication and prosthesis survivorship rates and relative risks.

Results:

An overall complication rate of 3.3% was found across the 19 articles that provided such data. HIV-positive patients had a significantly elevated risk of complications, at 7.6%, compared with HIV-negative patients, at 3.3% (relative risk = 2.28, 95% confidence interval = 2.14 to 2.43). Eleven articles were suitable for analysis of prosthesis survivorship, and survivorship rates did not differ significantly between HIV-positive and negative patients.

Conclusions:

Total hip and total knee arthroplasty appear to be safe procedures with acceptable outcomes in HIV-positive patients.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Interaksi Good Corporate Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility, Intellectual Capital Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan
Authors: Rosafitri Citra
Published: September 2017

This study aims to determine effect of Good corporate governance, corporate social respinsibility dan intellectual capitalon the financial performance proxied Return on Asset and Return on Equity of companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange.

This research method used in this study is a quantitative method to test the assumption of calssical analysis techniques and double linear regresion testing. A sample size of  64 is comprised of 16 companies that meet the criteria specified through purposive sampling.

The result of this studi indicate that Good corporate governance consist of institusional ownership, managerial ownership and independent director has no effect on financial performance proxied by Return on Asset and Return on Equity. Corporate social responsibility has effect the Return on Asset and Return on Equity. An than the Intellectual capital consist of VA has effect the Return on asset, and VACA,VAHU, STVA has no effect of Return on Asset, the second proxcied financial performance of Intellectual capital has no effect to Return on Equity. And as well as Good Corporate governance, Corporae Social Responsibility and intellectual capital simultaneously do effect the Financial performace proxied by Return on Asset an Return on Equity.
Mudança Institucional em Regimes de Direitos Humanos: o Sistema Interamericano e os Estados “em cima do muro”
Authors: Ramanzini Isabela Gerbelli Garbin
Published: September 2017

O objetivo do artigo consiste em analisar o desenvolvimento institucional do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos (SIDH) sob o prisma da relação entre a Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (CIDH) e os Estados não jurisdicionados. A seleção desse grupo de Estados – que se manteve “em cima do muro” ao longo do processo de transformação do sistema regional em um sistema protetivo – representa um ponto de partida pouco explorado. Como esses Estados encontram-se comprometidos em menor grau com as obrigações regionais de direitos humanos, é comum receberem a pecha de obstáculos à universalização do SIDH. As raras referências aos Estados não jurisdicionados nos estudos sobre o SIDH se restringem a qualificá-los como impedimentos à expansão e ao adensamento institucional do sistema regional. Os achados da pesquisa permitem rivalizar com essa ideia, sugerindo que, embora comprometidos em menor grau, a presença e a participação dos Estados não jurisdicionados no SIDH são parcelas explicativas não apenas do design institucional e funcionamento peculiar do SIDH, mas também da própria continuidade do sistema regional de direitos humanos, por representarem a construção de um fator de estabilidade institucional dentro de um panorama persistente de questionamentos da própria ideia de proteção interamericana dos direitos humanos na região.
A evolução dos métodos de trabalho e a emergência do consenso no Conselho de Segurança da ONU: a tomada de decisão por comitês
Authors: Baccarini Mariana
Published: September 2017

A dificuldade de se reformar formalmente o Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas não impediu que ocorresse no órgão uma reforma informal de seu processo decisório, envolvendo seus métodos de trabalho. A busca por maior participação, accountability e transparência nos trabalhos da principal organização internacional, responsável pela paz e segurança internacionais, é objetivo não somente de Estados não membros do órgão como também de seus membros não permanentes, que questionam incessantemente a dominância dos membros permanentes no processo de tomada de decisão. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir como, com o fim da Guerra Fria, o padrão de votação do Conselho de Segurança sofreu alterações substantivas, de um processo conflituoso para um outro, em alguma medida, cooperativo, resultante da evolução dos métodos de trabalho e, em especial, da proliferação dos comitês de decisão. Com isso, vemos emergir um padrão consensual de decisão em que, na grande maioria das votações, os quinze membros votam afirmativamente para a aprovação das resoluções.
A geopolítica das terras raras
Authors: Reis Melo Filipe
Published: September 2017

Variações de oferta e dificuldades de acesso a determinados produtos estratégicos podem provocar mudanças na geopolítica internacional. Os choques do petróleo ocorridos na década de 1970 são, talvez, os exemplos mais conhecidos de como a reconfiguração do poder entre os países pode ser redesenhada em função de quem detém determinado produto estratégico. Um conjunto de 17 metais, conhecidos como terras raras, que possui propriedades químicas únicas, está no centro de uma tensão comercial internacional desde que a China, que exporta cerca de 95% do mercado mundial de terras raras, passou a restringir suas exportações a partir de meados de 2000. Este artigo investiga as motivações políticas e econômicas que estiveram por trás do embate na Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC) entre a China, de um lado, e os Estados Unidos, a União Europeia e o Japão, de outro, que denunciaram a China em 2012 por impor restrições à exportação de terras raras, e analisa como o Brasil poderia aproveitar o seu potencial como produtor de terras raras para fortalecer sua posição no cenário internacional. Conclui-se que o diferendo na OMC foi apenas o primeiro capítulo de uma história de tensões internacionais que estão por vir no cenário internacional.
Barack Obama e o Oriente Médio: Um Panorama Crítico (2009/2017)
Authors: Pecequilo Cristina Soreanu , Forner Clarissa Nascimento
Published: September 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um panorama crítico da gestão de Barack Obama de 2009 a 2017 em relação ao Oriente Médio, analisando os cenários estratégicos da região e as implicações para a Eurásia das ações estadunidenses. Para sustentar sua análise, o texto apresenta a trajetória do governo democrata, tendo como base um estudo sobre o legado de seu antecessor, George W. Bush, entre 2001 e 2009. Os principais temas abordados referem-se aos impactos dos atentados terroristas de 11/09/2001, com foco nas guerras do Afeganistão (2001/2014) e do Iraque (2003/2011), o processo de paz Israel-Palestina, as relações com o Irã, a Primavera Árabe, as crises na Síria e Líbia e a ascensão do Estado Islâmico. Observa-se a continuidade de um padrão de instabilidade regional e ambiguidade da estratégia dos Estados Unidos, assim como variações táticas entre as administrações republicana e democrata para a projeção de poder nesse espaço geopolítico e geoeconômico, que permanece essencial para os interesses do país.
A Diretiva Europeia sobre Aquisições em Segurança e Defesa: Impactos na Logística de Defesa
Authors: Reisdoerfer Bruna Rohr , Goldoni Luiz Rogério Franco
Published: September 2017

A cadeia de suprimento da logística de defesa tende a ser alvo de forte protecionismo estatal e não faz parte da jurisdição de tratados internacionais. Entretanto, a União Europeia possui uma política única de aquisição em assuntos de segurança e defesa. Ela tem como objetivo, através da diminuição do protecionismo, facilitar o desenvolvimento de um mercado de equipamentos de defesa que iria reduzir a duplicação, aumentar a competição industrial e assim diminuir os preços dos equipamentos dentro do bloco. Todavia, na prática, ocorre a duplicação das capacidades estratégicas dos países. A hipótese do trabalho é que a Diretiva Única 2009/81/EC, relativa a aquisições em segurança e defesa é uma resposta dos países do bloco europeu às pressões de autoajuda do sistema internacional advindas da configuração securitária do pós Guerra Fria. Ela é, portanto, reativa e não ativa às dinâmicas internacionais e é utilizada como instrumento estatal. Todavia, essa característica acaba levando a Diretiva a uma eficiência secundária, pois os países europeus buscam mecanismos para escapar da livre concorrência imposta por ela e para manter certa proteção à capacidade nacional de produção de armamentos sensíveis. O presente trabalho pretende verificar como se estrutura essa política de aquisições na União Europeia - bem como demonstrar os antecedentes que permitiram o seu desenvolvimento.
The switch to refillable bottled water in Indonesia: a serious health risk
Authors: Komarulzaman Ahmad , de Jong Eelke , Smits Jeroen
Published: September 2017

In recent years, the consumption of refillable bottled water has increased considerably in emerging countries. However, the quality of this water is often questionable, as authorities lack the capacity to properly check refilling depots. Given that refillable bottled water not only replaces unimproved water sources, but also better-quality sources, like piped and branded bottled water, its increasing use poses a major health risk. We investigate the motives behind the decision to switch to refillable bottled water in Indonesia. Findings indicate that this switch is driven by lifestyle motives, as well as by cost and availability considerations. It is mostly the young affluent households who switch from piped and ‘other’ sources to refillable bottled water. In rural areas, the tendency to make this switch is negatively affected by availability problems and the higher price of refillable bottled water. Availability and cost also influence the switch from branded bottled to refillable bottled water, but here it is the poorer households who have a higher propensity to switch. Further exploration of the lifestyle motive and affordability issues, as well as better monitoring of the refilling depots, are needed to improve the quality of drinking water in Indonesia and other emerging countries.
Podstawy odpowiedzialności moralnej chrześcijan za misję ewangelizacyjną w świecie
Authors: Kluz Marek
Published: September 2017

Misja ewangelizacyjna związana z głoszeniem Ewangelii jest najważniejszym powołaniem chrześcijańskim. Jest świadectwem odpowiedzialności moralnej za tych, którzy nie poznali jeszcze Chrystusa. Doświadczenie Boga w Jezusie Chrystusie na trudnej drodze chrześcijańskiego życia apostolatu, sprawia, że chrześcijanin coraz bardziej upodabnia się do Chrystusa. Życie moralne posiada więc istotnie wymiar misyjny. Bez odniesienia do korzeni, do misyjnej natury każdego chrześcijanina, byłoby pozbawione istotnego pierwiastka. Niniejsze studium służy analizie początków ewangelizacji. Przybliża więc najpierw osobę Jezusa Chrystusa, który sam rozpoczął głoszenie Słowa Bożego, dzieło ewangelizacji narodów. To wielkie dzieło Chrystusa jest pierwszym i najistotniejszym odniesieniem dla wspólnoty wierzących. Wylanie na uczniów Ducha Świętego dało z kolei początek ich apostolskiej działalności. Wychodząc więc od działalności Chrystusa, została ukazana pierwsza wspólnota wierzących, ich zawierzenie Chrystusowi, poddanie tchnieniu Ducha Świętego i wreszcie ich działalność misyjna.
„Być człowiekiem sumienia” – sumienie widziane od strony procesu rozwoju
Authors: Filipczuk Marek
Published: September 2017

Dojrzałość sumienia osiąga się przez wytrwałe kształtowanie w sobie umiłowania prawdy i dobra, przez urabianie woli, przez pilną dbałość o swój rozwój duchowy, o zdobywanie głębokiej mądrości w bliskiej więzi ze wszystkim, co może te wartości zagwarantować. Formować sumienie znaczy nie dopuszczać do jego niszczenia, a więc nie zagłuszać sumienia ani go nie zniekształcać; nazywać dobro i zło po imieniu. Proces ten może postępować dzięki zastosowaniu metody praktycznej, która polega na wychowaniu człowieka skłaniającym go do odpowiedniego zachowywania się i równoległej do niej metody teoretycznej, polegającej na oparciu całego życia religijno-moralnego na autorytecie Bożym, otwarciu się na Boże słowo i na działanie Ducha Świętego.Sumienie nie tworzy wrodzonej od początku gotowej struktury, lecz kształtuje się w normalnym rozwoju osobowości osoby ludzkiej w oparciu o genetycznie uwarunkowane zadatki (predyspozycje) do tegoż rozwoju, analogicznie jak do rozwoju intelektu, mowy, osobowości itp. Proces ten obejmuje głęboki obszar współczynników psychologicznych, warunkujących właściwą postawę moralną a także stosowanie środków pedagogicznych i sakramentalnych, mających na celu uwrażliwienie sumienia. Do tego dodać należy wpływy wychowawcze rodziny, organizacji społecznych, grup społecznych formalnych i nieformalnych.
Czy zewnętrzny uczynek dodaje wartość moralną do czynu wewnętrznego? Na podstawie „Summy teologicznej” św. Tomasza z Akwinu i osiemnastej „Dysputy kwodlibetalnej” bł. Jana Dunsa Szkota
Authors: Niewiadomski Krzysztof
Published: September 2017

Św. Tomasz wskazuje w Sumie teologicznej, że akt zewnętrzny i powodujący go wewnętrzny stanowią jedność jako materia i forma, jeśli cel obu aktów jest ten sam. W takim akcie działanie zewnętrzne może zwiększyć intensywność działania woli, a więc akt wewnętrzny. Uczynki, które są tylko środkami do celu aktu wewnętrznego mają własną wartość moralną, którą otrzymuje podejmująca je wola. Bł. Jan Duns Szkot w osiemnastej dyskusji kwodlibetalnej ukazuje odrębność aktu zewnętrznego i zewnętrznego, mimo łączącej ich relacji przyczynowości. Nie jest więc bez znaczenia dla moralności, według Szkota, czy postanowiony czyn zostanie wprowadzony w życie.
Ruptured Bronchial Artery Aneurysm Treated With Aortic Stent Graft and Aneurysm Embolization
Authors: Xu Zhiwei , Kong Ye , Hu Chuanxian , Huang Su , Tan Yan
Published: September 2017

Background:

Mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysms are uncommon, with fewer than
40 published case reports. This study objective was to evaluate the short term follow up of two
cases ruptured Bronchial Artery Aneurysm (rBAA) treated with aneurysm embolization and subsequent
aortic stent graft.

Methods:

Two cases of rBAA were treated with a combination of an aortic stent-graft and aneurysm
embolization. With rBAA, aneurysm embolization could be performed with sodium polymannuronate
until the aneurysm was almost completely packed. One of the limitations of aneurysm
embolization is spontaneous recanalization of previously occluded aneurysm. So a stent-graft was
deployed to isolate the feeding artery of the rBAA from the descending aorta. The 3 months follow-
up after the procedure included chest or back pain and computed tomographic angiography.

Results:

The hospital stays of the 2 cases were 5 and 7 days. Chest or back pain was disappeared.
There were no hospital deaths and late deaths. Computed tomographic angiogram showed no recanalization
and no hemothorax. These 2 patients have not reported any complications up to now.

Conclusion:

Aortic stent graft combined with aneurysm embolization is a minimally invasive, effective
and safe method for rBAA.
The Molecular Study of Antibiotic Resistance to Quinolones in Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Malehmir Shirin , Ranjbar Reza , Harzandi Naser
Published: September 2017

Introduction:

Salmonellais known as one of the most important causes of gastrointestinal disease in the world. Quinolones and fluoroquinolones are used successfully in the treatment of salmonellosis particularly for infections that have become resistant to several antibiotics. But non-susceptible isolates to quinolones have been reported in several countries. The data are limited about the prevalence of quinolone-resistant isolates in our country. Therefore, this study investigated the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes inSalmonella entericaisolated in Children's Medical Center in Tehran during 2014-2015.

Methods and Materials:

Salmonellaisolates were isolated and identified using standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and screening ofSalmonellastrains resistant to quinolones were performed according to the CLSI guidelines. The molecular investigation was done using specific primers for detection of qnr genes including:qnrA,qnrB andqnrS, by polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

Overall, 92 (66.6%) strains were resistant to nalidixic acid. None of the strains showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. Out of the 92 nalidixic acid resistant strains, 52 (56.52%) harboredqnrS genes, 15 strains (16.30%) had bothqnrA andqnrS genes. Two (1.1%) isolates were positive forqnrB gene. Twenty four (26.08%) nalidixic acid resistant isolates did not have any qnr qens.

Conclusion:

The results of this study show high prevalence of resistance to nalidixic and qnr genes inSalmonellaisolates. Plasmid nature of this type of resistance poses an increased risk of dissemination of quinolone resistance betweenSalmonellaand non-Salmonellaisolates circulating in hospitals environments.
Prevalence of Patients Receiving Publicly Funded Renal Replacement Therapy in Brazil: Regional Inequities and Costs
Authors: Soares dos Santos Junior Augusto Cesar , Junior Fernando das Mercês Lucas , Farah Kátia de Paula , do Nascimento Ana Carolina Aguiar , Nogueira José Luiz Santos , Amaral Carlos Faria Santos , Kelles Silvana Marcia Bruschi
Published: September 2017

Introduction:

In recent years, the number of patients with end-stage renal disease has rapidly increased worldwide. In Brazil, recent surveys have undisclosed a trend towards an increase in the prevalence of this condition.

Aims and Objectives:

This study aimed at describing the prevalence of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving publicly funded dialysis in Brazil.

Methods asnd Materials:

Data concerning the prevalence and mortality of patients with ESRD being provided renal replacement therapy by the SUS from 2008 to 2013 were collected at the DATASUS databank (www2.datasus.gov.br), the Authorization System for High Complexity/Cost Procedures (APAC) database, the SUS Ambulatory Information System (SIA) and the Mortality Information System (SIM) database.

Results:

From 2008 to 2013 there was a 25% increase in the absolute number of hemodialysis sessions (10,022,962; 12,561,623). This resulted in an estimated overall increase of 18% in the ratio of patients on hemodialysis per million population (352 pmp; 416 pmp). There were considerable differences among Brazilian States regarding the prevalence of patients with ESRD on hemodialysis. In 2013, the prevalence ranged from 173 pmp (State of Amazonas) to 531 pmp (State of Minas Gerais). The leading Brazilian States, in absolute number of patients, were São Paulo (19,301), Minas Gerais (10,940) and Rio de Janeiro (8,510), all of them in the southeast region. In 2013, the overall mean mortality rate was 18.4%. From 2008 to 2013, the renal transplantation rate increased from 35.2 to 41.6 transplants per year per million inhabitants. In 2013, hemodialysis was the most frequent modality of therapy, corresponding to 87.1% of the cases, followed by CAPD (9.2%) and APD (3.7%).

Conclusion:

In Brazil, chronic kidney disease is steadily increasing in prevalence and rapidly becoming a major public health concern. Therefore, policies towards prevention and strategies to avoid underdiagnose and assure broad access to renal replacement therapy should be strengthened nationwide.
Accuracy of an Automatic Infusion Controller (AutoClamp) for Intravenous
Fluid Administration
Authors: Choi Geun Joo , Yoon Il Jae , Lee Oh Haeng , Kang Hyun
Published: September 2017

Background:

This study was purposed to compare in vitro the volumetric accuracy of a newly introduced
automatic infusion controller, AutoClamp with that of other commonly used infusion devices.

Methods:

Four different
volumetric infusion devices were used to examine the accuracy: Terufusion TE-112; Volumed µVP7000; AutoClamp; and
Infucon. Accuracy was determined for each flow rate (20, 40, 100, and 200 ml/h) by using infusate volumes collected after
3 h of initiating the fluid administration. Accuracy was calculated as the percentage difference between set volume and
actual volume delivered. The influences of fluid viscosity and flow resistance on infusion device accuracy were also
evaluated.

Results:

There were no cases of a greater-than-10% difference between set volume and actual delivered volume.
The accuracy of the Infucon was significantly less than that of the other devices. Infusion devices proved to be consistent
and unaffected by fluid viscosity or flow resistance except for the Infucon.

Conclusion:

The accuracy of the
AutoClamp was comparable to that of other commonly used infusion pumps (Terufusion TE-112 and Volumed µVP7000)
regardless of infusate viscosity and flow resistance.
Analysis of Productivity Plankton and Trophic Status Beratan Lake Ecosystem Tabanan Regency, Bali Province
Authors: Suryani Sang Ayu Made Putri , Arya I Wayan
Published: September 2017

Beratan Lake is used for fish cultivation activity, tourism, agriculture, and disposal activity. Utilization level is too high and makes lake ecosystem disturbed especially phytoplankton. Phytoplankton existence in water is acting as primary production and act to determine water quality on physical or chemical.  The purpose of this research is to know plankton productivity and trophic status ecosystem Beratan Lake. Beratan Lake utilization that too high will impact in ecological pressure at lake ecosystem like decreasing water productivity and quality. The result of the research can conclude that water premier productivity of Beratan Lake is too low especially in cultivation fish territory that has phytoplankton abundance is 4585 individuals per ml that make Beratan Lake is classified to a lake that its trophic status is oligotrophic. The variety of phytoplankton and zooplankton that found in Beratan Lake shows low variety where it only found 5 classes and 11 species of phytoplankton and also 2 classes dan 3 species of zooplankton.
Testing Motor Learning Curves Among Dental Students
Authors: Ben-Gal Gilad , Katorza Liori , Weiss Ervin I. , Ziv Amitai
Published: September 2017

Motor learning up to reaching proficiency can be registered and displayed as a learning curve. Understanding the nature of the motor learning curves will allow proper planning of teaching. The aim of this study was to measure the rate of motor learning of novice dental students in preparing dental cavities. A total of 66 first‐year students (21 males and 45 females) at a dental school in Israel participated in this 12‐week study. In the first and last weeks, the students prepared 12 cavities in 45 minutes in a composite material plate, using a dental high‐speed burr. In the ten weeks between tests, manual performance was measured by drilling two cavities, limited to 3.5 minutes per cavity. The results showed that improvement was significant (p<0.05) at two‐week intervals in all cases except for the sixth and seventh weeks, when a significant increase was observed only after three weeks. The performance of the lowest performing students (those with grades in the lowest third of the class) remained low throughout the entire course. Further subdivision of the class into two groups showed that the upper half reached the minimum required performance in week 9, whereas the lower half achieved it only three weeks later. The authors concluded that the 12‐week study was not sufficiently long for the learning curve to reach a plateau. Dental students present a variety of motor learning curves and different rates of proficiency acquisition, so understanding the nature of these curves, and the differences among students, may be useful in lesson planning to support the process of motor learning.
Diversidad de las subfamilias Grewioideae y Tilioideae (Malvaceae) en Guerrero, México
Authors: Gual Díaz Martha , Diego Pérez Nelly
Published: September 2017

Antecedentes y Objetivos: En México las subfamilias Brownlowioideae, Grewioideae y Tilioideae (Malvaceae) están representadas por 11 géneros, 75 especies y una variedad; de estos taxones, 44 especies y la variedad son endémicas de su territorio. La distribución total abarca 28 estados, destaca la mayor diversidad de especies en las zonas tropicales de dos estados del centro-sureste del país (los tres primero lugares corresponden a Oaxaca, Chiapas y Guerrero). El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar a las especies presentes en el estado de Guerrero, aportando información detallada acerca de la diversidad, distribución y endemismo, conocimiento que nos lleva a comprender mejor a un grupo de plantas poco estudiadas en el país.Métodos: Se analizó la información contenida en estudios regionales de florística, taxonomía y vegetación, de los especímenes colectados en la entidad, depositados en herbarios y disponibles en internet, y se colectó material en campo. Con lo anterior, se elaboró el listado final; se realizaron las descripciones correspondientes a los géneros y especies, y se prepararon las claves para la determinación de éstos.Resultados clave: Los géneros con mayor número de especies son Triumfetta (19) y Corchorus (5). Se proporcionan claves dicotómicas para la identificación de los géneros y las especies registrados en el estado, su descripción, sinonimia, cita de su publicación, datos ecológicos e información de los especímenes de respaldo, así como de sus usos. Se incluyen mapas de distribución geográfica en el estado y una ilustración por cada género.Conclusiones: Se presenta la revisión florística-taxonómica de siete géneros y 32 especies de las subfamilias Grewioideae y Tilioideae (Malvaceae) registradas en Guerrero.
Sinopsis actualizada de Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae, Piperales) en Panamá
Authors: Gonzalez Favio , Pabón Mora Natalia
Published: September 2017

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Se revisa la taxonomía de las especies panameñas de Aristolochia 57 años después del primer tratamiento del género para la Flora de Panamá. Se actualizan y discuten las novedades taxonómicas, nomenclaturales y corológicas de las especies que se encuentran en Panamá con respecto a la clasificación infragenérica actual.Métodos: Se revisaron los ejemplares de Aristolochia en 35 herbarios, incluidas colecciones efectuadas por el autor principal del trabajo. También se consultaron los ejemplares tipo disponibles en JSTOR Global Plants. Se presenta una clave de identificación y una diagnosis de los grupos infragenéricos y de las especies, 12 de las cuales son ilustradas con fotografías.Resultados clave: Cuatro de las 13 especies reportadas para el tratamiento de la Flora de Panamá (Aristolochia arborescens, A. costaricensis, A. sylvicola y A. veraguensis) se encuentran actualmente subordinadas como sinónimos. En total se reportan 16 especies, dos de ellas (A. cruenta y A. trilabiata) confirmadas como nuevos registros para Panamá. Aristolochia trilabiata, revalidado aquí en reemplazo de A. didyma, constituye el primer reporte de la especie en Mesoamérica. Se revalidan A. schippii, A. sprucei y A. surinamensis, recientemente subordinadas a las sinonimias de A. leuconeura, A. constricta y A. trilobata, respectivamente. Además, A. pfeiferi y A. translucida son confirmadas como sinónimos de A. tonduzii, y A. gorgona y A. securidata como sinónimos de A. grandiflora y A. sprucei, respectivamente. Un total de 13 lectotipos son aquí designados. Finalmente, se discute la presencia de A. constricta, A. gigantea y A. nummularifolia en Panamá.Conclusiones: Las especies de Panamá pertenecen a dos de los tres subgéneros de Aristolochia: A. panamensis, la única especie endémica de Panamá, marca el límite más austral del subgénero Siphisia en el Nuevo Mundo. Las 15 especies restantes pertenecen al subgénero Aristolochia, series Hexandrae (11 spp.) y Thyrsicae (4 spp.).
Diferencias en algunos parámetros demográficos de Oryzomys chapmani (Rodentia: Muridae) asociadas a tres estados sucesionales de bosque mesófilo de montaña en Oaxaca, México
Authors: Santos-Moreno Antonio , Briones-Salas Miguel Ángel , López-Wilchis Ricardo
Published: September 2017

Se estudiaron las diferencias en probabilidades de supervivencia y captura, proporción de sexos y tamaño poblacional en el roedor endémico de México Oryzomys chapmani asociadas a una cronosecuencia constituida por tres estados sucesionales de bosque mesófilo de montaña. El estudio se realizó en la región Sierra Norte de Oaxaca y los tiempos de regeneración de los fragmentos de bosque estudiados fueron 15 (Joven), 40 (Intermedio) y 100 (maduro) años. Se capturaron, marcaron y liberaron 277 ejemplares adultos durante 14 meses. Las probabilidades de supervivencia fueron similares en los bosques Joven e Intermedio, sin fluctuaciones a través del tiempo, mientras que en el Maduro se observó un valor más alto en la temporada seca. Las probabilidades de captura no mostraron variación a través del tiempo en los estados Joven e Intermedio, pero en el Maduro difirieron entre temporadas, con valores más altos en la de lluvias. Los estados Intermedio y Maduro muestran una proporción 1:1 entre sexos, mientras que el Joven se observó un predominio significativo de machos. El tamaño poblacional vario de 42 individuos por hectárea en la temporada de lluvias a 309 en la seca, ambos en el Bosque Maduro.