bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pour une culture critique des données en éducation au Québec
Authors: Bachand Charles-Antoine , Demers Stéphanie
Published: October 2024

Cet article soutient que bien que l’essor des gouvernements et des pratiques de gestion basées sur les données puisse donner l’impression d’une dépolitisation, les données utilisées dans les politiques éducatives et les discours peuvent en réalité dissimuler les aspects idéologiques de ces choix et déposséder les acteurs éducatifs de leur capacité à agir. Dans cet article, sont examinés quelques-uns des processus hautement politiques et idéologiques liés à la quantification des phénomènes humains. Les auteurs montrent quelques-uns des effets de la gouvernance par les données sur l’éducation, la gestion des systèmes d’éducation et la recherche, en donnant des exemples québécois récents. Enfin, ils explorent les conditions dans lesquelles les données peuvent renforcer l’agentivité des acteurs de l’éducation et qui pourraient favoriser une éthique des données et une culture critique lui étant associée.
Un nouveau système de collecte et d’usage des données pour l’amélioration scolaire durant la crise du Covid-19 au Chili
Authors: Weinstein Jose , Bravo Juan
Published: October 2024

Au Chili, la pandémie du Covid-19 a interrompu le fonctionnement habituel du système de mesure de la qualité de l’enseignement, le SIMCE. En même temps, elle a permis de créer un nouveau dispositif de collecte et d’utilisation des données, le DIA, qui peut être utilisé de manière flexible et volontaire par chaque établissement scolaire. Compte tenu des caractéristiques du DIA, telles que la couverture de l’apprentissage scolaire et socio-émotionnel, une évaluation trois fois par an ou la visualisation immédiate des résultats par les enseignants, le nouveau système s’est répandu massivement et rapidement comme un outil pour l’amélioration des résultats scolaires. Actuellement, les deux systèmes coexistent et se complètent avec leurs usages et utilisateurs différents.
Missing data: what we know and what we need to know about private supplementary tutoring
Authors: Bray Mark
Published: October 2024

Recent decades have brought considerable expansion of private supplementary tutoring. This phenomenon is widely called shadow education because much of it mimics schooling. Initially it gained prominence in East Asia, but is now visible throughout the world, with far-reaching implications for economies, societies, and education systems. It promotes learning and provides employment for tutors; but it also demands substantial household expenditures, maintains and exacerbates social inequalities, and can have a backwash on schooling. Despite these considerations, reliable and comprehensive data are scarce. This article commences with a picture that can be drawn from the available data, and then highlights data gaps. It stresses the need for more and better data to aid decision-making not only by governments but also by schools, families and other stakeholders.
Le travail émotionnel à l’épreuve du cancer colorectal
Authors: Gaussot Ludovic , Palierne Nicolas , Laurent Estelle , Ingrand Isabelle
Published: October 2024

Cet article interroge les formes du travail émotionnel, professionnel et profane qui apparaissent dans les expériences et le risque familial du cancer colorectal. Il s’appuie sur l’analyse thématique d’une trentaine de monographies centrées sur les personnes soignées d’un cancer colorectal avant 65 ans, leurs aidant.es et leurs apparenté.es à risque. Alors que le travail émotionnel attaché à l’expérience de la maladie tend à atténuer les émotions négatives, le travail émotionnel de prévention tend à les invoquer ouvertement. L’efficacité de la prévention familiale consiste à réaliser un travail émotionnel domestique d’ajustement entre le sentiment d’invulnérabilité et l’inhibition angoissée des démarches en faveur d’une coloscopie. Ce travail d’ajustement interroge la nature des relations familiales, la division genrée du travail émotionnel et domestique, tout en étant traversé par les rapports d’âge et de classe sociale.
Travail collaboratif médié : méthodologie mixte en ligne pour étudier le travail émotionnel de groupe?
Authors: Hoorebeke Delphine Van
Published: October 2024

En recherche en sciences de gestion, les émotions sont souvent étudiées avec une méthodologie quantitative. Cependant, de nombreux chercheurs sont en accord avec le fait que l’analyse qualitative favorise l’approfondissement. Il s’agit, ici, d’investiguer les inconvénients d’une étude quantitative par questionnaire en ligne sur un sujet tel que celui des émotions et de présenter une méthodologie alternative. Suite à une étude test réalisée par questionnaire en ligne sur le travail émotionnel de groupe dans le cadre du travail collaboratif médié, les réactions des participants et leurs réponses sont révélatrices de problèmes à la fois de compréhension, de conception ou/et d’adhésion. Ces biais sont alors décryptés. Puis, sur le même terrain, une seconde étude utilise la méthodologie netnographique permettant de combiner le quantitatif et le qualitatif. Par les résultats obtenus, il est perceptible que, dans des contextes et pour des sujets spécifiques, cette dernière méthode puisse faire office de solution face aux biais décrits.
Vozes silenciadas. A adaptação razoável do posto de trabalho para pessoas com deficiência ou com doença: relatos na primeira pessoa
Authors: Neto Joana , Pinto Paula Campos , Neca Patrícia , Bento Sofia
Published: October 2024

A proteção da discriminação em razão da deficiência no plano laboral é tutelada pelo ordenamento jurídico português. As pessoas com deficiência apresentam um leque de capacidades diversificadas, pelo que as medidas de adaptação razoável do posto de trabalho assumem um papel fundamental na manutenção da relação laboral e no combate à discriminação. Este artigo, partindo da problematização do conceito dinâmico de deficiência, reporta os resultados de dois estudos exploratórios (questionários e entrevistas), realizados em 2022, a pessoas com deficiência com experiência profissional. Os estudos versaram sobre a disponibilização de medidas de adaptação razoável no posto de trabalho, com vista a compreender a adequação das soluções jurídicas oferecidas pela legislação laboral vigente, bem como o conhecimento e o reconhecimento do direito em apreço por parte dos seus titulares.
Nós, comedores de sabão: a frágil racionalidade da clausura
Authors: Passos Robert Filipe dos , Paulon Simone Mainieri
Published: October 2024

Este artigo discute impasses ao processo de desinstitucionalizaçao da loucura a partir dos resultados de um censo em Residenciais Terapêuticos Privados de um município no sul do Brasil. Apreendidos enquanto asilos contemporâneos, ainda existentes a contrapelo da Lei e da política de saúde mental vigentes no país, reflete-se sobre o destino de vidas manicomializadas em tais estabelecimentos, consideradas vidas não passíveis de luto. Identificou-se que a intensificação da lógica manicomial resulta das forças contrarreformistas atualizadas no contexto da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira. Este movimento conservador é especialmente observado em práticas segregadoras em saúde mental relacionadas ao cuidado de pessoas que fazem uso de álcool e outras drogas. A reflexão daí decorrente convoca à necessidade de construção de estratégias de reinvenção da luta antimanicomial mediante os desafios de nosso tempo, reafirmando o cuidado em liberdade como premissa inegociável.
Commentaire sur la Physique d’Aristote. Livre II, ch. 4-6
Authors: Simplicius
Published: October 2024

Les chapitres 4-6 du Livre II de la Physique d’Aristote constituent le premier essai dans notre littérature philosophique occidentale consacré au hasard et à la fortune.
On y trouve l’exemple de la pierre qui en tombant d’une hauteur sur le crâne de quelqu’un le tue, repris par Spinoza dans son Éthique. Aristote et Spinoza s’accordent pour dire que la pierre n’est pas tombée pour tuer. Mais le rejet du finalisme et en même temps de toute forme de contingence chez Spinoza est aux antipodes du finalisme dans lequel Aristote peut inscrire le hasard. Le commentaire de Simplicius apporte sur la doctrine d’Aristote des éclaircissements et des prolongements substantiels, encore peu connus, auxquels la présente traduction, la première en français, donne un accès direct. Simplicius permet en particulier de trancher sur la question de la traduction des termes τύχη et αὐτόματον en Phys. II, 4-6, à savoir, respectivement, « fortune » et « hasard » (plutôt que « hasard » et « spontanéité »). En bon néoplatonicien, il couronne son commentaire par un hymne à la déesse Fortune. Ce livre vient à la suite de la traduction du commentaire de Simplicius à la Physique, Livre II, chap. 1-3, publiée par A. Lernould aux Presses universitaires du Septentrion en 2019. Il sera suivi d’un troisième volume qui contiendra la traduction du commentaire aux trois derniers chapitres (7-9) du Livre II de la Physique, qui portent sur la finalité naturelle et la nécessité.
Protecting Privacy in AI-Enhanced Education
Authors: Ismail Islam Asim
Published: October 2024

Artificial Intelligence in education has revolutionized learning environments, but it brings significant challenges concerning data privacy and ethical considerations. Through a comprehensive review of contemporary research, the author investigates the types of data collected in AI-driven education, risks, ethical considerations, and potential solutions to address these issues. The chapter presents case studies, including the inBloom initiative and the implementation of learning analytics at the Open University UK, to illustrate real-world privacy challenges and solutions. Our analysis reveals a complex landscape where AI-enhanced education promises improved learning outcomes but also introduces risks related to data breaches, algorithmic bias, and misuse of sensitive information. In response to these challenges, we propose a multi-faceted approach. We recommend that educational institutions develop clear data usage policies, policymakers update regulations to address AI complexities, EdTech developers adopt a “privacy by design” approach, and educators improve their data literacy.
Transhumanism in Human Resource Management
Authors: Phogat Mansi , Mohan Tarannum , Kalra Dixit , Gupta Medha , Gupta Swati
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the transformative potential of transhumanist technologies in human resource management. HRM has the potential for a major evolution as developments in biotechnology, artificial intelligence (AI), and neurotechnology continue pushing human capabilities' limits. The first section of the chapter gives a general summary of transhumanism and its tenets, highlighting the movement's emphasis on using technology to improve human physical and cognitive abilities. After that, it looks at how these technologies are currently incorporated into HRM operations, emphasizing important areas like recruitment, employee development, and performance evaluation. The chapter provides real-world examples and case studies to demonstrate transhumanist technologies' benefits and practical uses in HR process optimization. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) offer immersive training experiences that increase employee learning outcomes, while AI-driven algorithms and big data analytics improve recruitment by pinpointing the top applicants with never-before-seen accuracy.
HR 1.0 to HR 4.0
Authors: Panday Priyanka , Shukla Gargi Pant , Mishra Aadarsh
Published: October 2024

This research delves into the significant growth of Human resource management from HR 1.0 to HR 4.0, where basic automation is now AI-powered Human resource management. Artificial intelligence is transforming the way human resource management is being done. This paper talks about the growth journey of fundamental technology adoption to the AI-powered revolution and its contribution to the development of human resource management. This study further discusses the significant impact of robo-advisors on HR tasks and the automation of repetitive processes to get scientific insights. It also deliberates potential challenges such as data breaches and cybersecurity-related concerns associated with AI-powered technology integration in human resource management.
Comprehensive Modeling Approach for High-Frequency Structural Properties and Noise Transmission of Composite Panels
Authors:   ESI Group, Mejdi Abderrazak , Gardner Bryce , Musser Chadwyck
Published: October 2024

This paper addresses the modeling of the thick uniform or general composite laminate and sandwich structures commonly used for helicopter construction to support the fast and accurate modelling of such structures for high frequencies using SEA. For laminated composites, each layer of the lamina is described by a Reissner-Mindlin displacement field leading to equilibrium relations accounting for membrane, transverse shearing, bending and full inertial terms. The sandwich model adheres to the sandwich panels' assumptions and uses a discrete displacement field for each layer, also allowing for out-of-plane displacements and shearing rotations. For applied use with an SEA methodology, an accurate wave-based approach formulation is developed where each subsystem is modeled as a superposition of waves travelling within the subsystem. The validity of this modeling approach is confirmed through comparison to measured test data and alternate validated theoretical approaches are confirmed for several simplified test structures comprised of "thick" uniform-layer structures, laminate composite sandwich structures with composite skins and general laminated viscoelastic structures. Representative examples of helicopter interior noise predictions for typical load cases are shown and the use of SEA models as a tool for guiding construction of multi-layer lightweight structures to meet acoustic performance and weight targets and optimize designs are presented. Conclusions about the overall applications and improvements offered by this approach, current limitations, and future work to extend and improve this approach are given.
Development of Closed Loop Control System Applicable to Active Technique for Helicopter BVI Noise Reduction
Authors:   JAXA, KOBIKI Noboru , SAITO Shigeru
Published: October 2024

A closed loop control system comprising of the feedback controller and the multiple pressure sensors is developed and evaluated in the wind tunnel test, where the active flap is used as a test bed of the active technique for noise reduction. The feedback controller utilizes a global model with on-line identification for the BVI noise reduction. By taking into consideration for the application to real helicopters, the BVI index generated from the pressure fluctuation on the blade is used for a control object. The control object by multiple pressure sensors which can more sufficiently represent the BVI phenomenon on the blade than by a single sensor is proposed and its capability is studied experimentally using a 1-bladed rotor system equipped with the active flap and the pressure transducers. The strong correlation between the sound pressure level measured near the blade and this BVI index generated from the surface pressure fluctuation by multiple pressure sensors is observed. Also, from the closed loop test results, a good convergence for the active flap phase of the minimum pressure fluctuation and the minimum SPL is obtained. It is concluded that the validation of the proposed control law is demonstrated and the control object utilizing the multiple pressure sensors is promising.
Experimental Investigation of Perpendicular Vortex Interaction by Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, Zanotti Alex , Ermacora Martino , Campanardi Gabriele , Gibertini Giuseppe
Published: October 2024

The aerodynamic effect of a stream-wise vortex impacting on an oscillating airfoil was experimentally studied in the present work by means of a stereo particle image velocimetry. The experimental rig had enabled the study of the aerodynamic effects induced by the vortex during the blade pitching motion. In particular, the resultant effect of the impacting vortex and airfoil oscillation was highlighted comparing a light dynamic stall regime with equivalent steady conditions. A stereoscopic particle image velocimetry technique was applied to a measurement volume close to the airfoil upper surface. The analysis and comparison of the different test cases allows to prove that, under certain conditions, the vortex impact could trigger the stall of the local blade section, indicating that detrimental effects on the blade performance can be introduced by perpendicular vortex interactions.
Performance Validation of CFD/CSD for Active and Passive Rotor Systems
Authors:   United Technologies Research Center, Wake Brian ,   Sikorsky Aircraft, Egolf T. , Min Byung-Young , Matalanis Claude , Makinen Stephen
Published: October 2024

With the recent dramatic increase of computing power, first principal based CFD/CSD tools are becoming more routinely used in the rotorcraft industry. This study performed validation of current CFD/CSD tools in terms of rotor performance to assess its prediction capability for various rotor concepts using a consistent simulation approach. Correlated experimental data include UH-60A NFAC test, UH-60A slowed rotor, UH-60A individual blade control, S-434 with active trailing-edge flap, and flight test data of UH-60M with advanced blade tip design. The root shank impact was added as the post-processing step using a relevant drag coefficient. It was found that the current tools could predict performance within 10% in most cases. The peak L/De and stall boundary of UH-60A rotor were well predicted. The performance benefits from active control rotors using individual blade control and active flap were captured very well with good agreement in active control phase and magnitude. The high advance ratio flight condition was also well predicted even though highly unsteady flow features are present. Error increased at the high-thrust high-speed condition, but the absolute error was still within a reasonable range considering uncertainty in measurements and the root-shank effect. Good correlation was obtained for the UH-60M at low and moderate speeds. However, predictions showed earlier gradual stall at high-thrust and high-speed conditions. The impact of different flight conditions and grid resolution was studied, but only limited improvement was obtained. Further investigation is suggested to address the discrepancy.
Active Aerodynamic Load Reduction on a Rotorcraft Fuselage with Rotor Effects - A CFD Validation Effort
Authors:   NASA Langley Research Center, Allan Brian ,   US Army, Wong Oliver , Schaeffler Norman , Jenkins Luther , Yao Chung-Sheng , Tanner Philip
Published: October 2024

A rotorcraft fuselage is typically designed with an emphasis on operational functionality with aerodynamic efficiency being of secondary importance. This results in a significant amount of drag during high-speed forward flight that can be a limiting factor for future high-speed rotorcraft designs. To enable higher speed flight, while maintaining a functional fuselage design (i.e., a large rear cargo ramp door), the NASA Rotary Wing Project has conducted both experimental and computational investigations to assess active flow control as an enabling technology for fuselage drag reduction. This paper will evaluate numerical simulations of a flow control system on a generic rotorcraft fuselage with a rotor in forward flight using OVERFLOW, a structured mesh Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes flow solver developed at NASA. The results are compared to fuselage forces, surface pressures, and PIV flow field data obtained in a wind tunnel experiment conducted at the NASA Langley 14-by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel where significant drag and download reductions were demonstrated using flow control. This comparison showed that the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes flow solver was unable to predict the fuselage forces and pressure measurements on the ramp for the baseline and flow control cases. While the CFD was able to capture the flow features, it was unable to accurately predict the performance of the flow control.
Laboratory and Field Evaluations of Textile Energy Absorbers for Crashworthy Cargo Restraints
Authors:   Applied Research Laboratory, Little Eric ,   Pennsylvania State University, Bakis Charles ,   US Navy, Bark Lindley , Yukish Michael , Miller Simon , Smith Edward , Willis Robert
Published: October 2024

Improvement of cargo tie-down systems is of utmost importance to help ensure rotorcraft crew safety in the event of a hard but survivable crash or hard landing. To this end, various load-limiting, energy-absorbing devices, placed in-line with conventional tie-down hardware such as straps and chains, have been evaluated for their ability to prevent the complete failure of a tie-down and the unconstrained movement of cargo in the vicinity of nearby personnel and structure during a high-acceleration event. The current investigation aims to further this line of exploration by evaluating the performance of textile-based energy absorbing devices in well-controlled laboratory experiments using a horizontal sled and in field experiments using crash-tests of CH-46 hulks. Textile-based energy absorbers of a capacity suitable for rotorcraft tie-down systems are shown to behave as designed in both types of experiments. The devices prevented the failure of a simulated tie-down point in accelerative environments that failed the tie down point in the absence of an energy absorber.
Step Towards Certification of Fuel System Drop Test Requirement for Different Helicopters by Simulation
Authors:   Airbus Helicopters, Breton Clément , Vagnot Alice , Sicard Jean-Charles , Markmiller Johannes
Published: October 2024

The fuel system of helicopters must resist to a drop test as requested in the section §952 of FAR Part 27 and 29. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) traditionally contributes to minimize the risk of unsuccessful fuel system drop test as simulations help to predict and design in advance the behavior of the fuel system embedded into its surrounding structure. Now the high quality of the FEA allows not only certifying design modifications without conducting a new test, but also evaluating a potential risk of additional outboard equipment on the tank behavior. This is based on a conservative simulation method, applied here on examples from helicopters EC130-T2 and EC135.
Water Impact of Helicopter Subfloor Panels
Authors:   The University of Auckland, Billac Thomas ,   Cooperative Research Centre for Advanced Composite Structures, Thomson Rodney , Battley Mark , Das Raj
Published: October 2024

The hydroelastic structural response excited during helicopter ditching involves extremely complex physics to capture through analytical solutions. The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method has proven its suitability to represent free-surface flows, and when coupled with traditional Lagrangian Finite Element (FE) method enables water impact problems to be simulated with reasonable computational times. The water impact of thin aluminum and carbon fiber composite panels was chosen as a benchmark case to determine the accuracy of meshless methods to predict loads during water entry. Experiments were conducted using a servo-hydraulic water impact system with various impact conditions to support the validation of numerical models. High sensitivity was observed to the selected fluid equation of state and to the smoothing length factor. The FE/SPH models accurately predicted the loads experienced by the panels during water entry. Deformations of the panels were also consistent with experimental measurements although the accuracy of the predictions may be improved with a refined representation of the specimen restraints.
Audiotactile Displays for Improving Situation Awareness and Mitigating Spatial Disorientation
Authors:   Old Dominion University, Brill Christopher ,   US Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, Lawson Ben , Gagliano Isabella , Rupert Angus
Published: October 2024

Spatial disorientation (SD) from loss of situation awareness (SA) is a significant safety hazard for helicopter pilots. The focus of the present research is to highlight the potential utility of multimodal displays for improving SA and counteracting SD, particularly for scenarios specific to rotary wing flight. These circumstances include degraded visual environments (DVE; e.g., brownout conditions, rotor wash) and vection, the illusion of self motion. Herein, we propose audiotactile displays may provide the best means for displaying egocentric information to the pilot to mitigate SD by providing supplementary information when visual cues are absent and alternative information when visual cues may be misleading.
Reduction of Structural Vibration on Light Combat Helicopter
Authors:   Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Ali Hamid , Sridhar S. , Maiti Naba , Kumar M.
Published: October 2024

This paper addresses the vibration issues which were accosted during the initial flight testing of the Light combat helicopter (LCH), 5.8 T weight class Attack helicopter designed and developed by Hindustan Aeronautics limited. The first one was high canopy shake in lateral direction at main rotor n/rev frequency and secondly the helicopter vertical vibrations at high speeds. Series of structural optimization and stiffening, based on the finite element analysis resulted in knocking out the canopy shake. Further these structural modifications along with the changes in blade dynamic characteristics helped to budge the helicopter vertical vibrations outside the operating speed. These analysis details and results along with the ground test and flight test validation data are presented and discussed.
Evaluation of Control Allocation Techniques for a Medium Lift Tilt-Rotor
Authors:   US Army, Ivler Christina ,   San Jose State Research Foundation, Juhasz Ondrej
Published: October 2024

In a traditional single main rotor helicopter, only 4 controls are available - lateral cyclic, longitudinal cyclic, main rotor collective pitch and tail rotor collective pitch. As such, redundancy is not available as all four controls are needed to maneuver the aircraft in the four control axes - pitch, roll, yaw and heave. In contrast, high speed rotorcraft configurations (such as tilt-rotors and compound helicopters) have multiple redundant control effectors. The strategy for applying these control effectors, and in which proportion, is called 'control allocation'. This paper provides an evaluation and comparison of different control allocation methods, applied to a medium lift tilt rotor. The control allocation methods are evaluated based on a comprehensive set of time and frequency domain metrics, as well as robustness criteria. In addition to evaluation of standard control allocation methods, several control allocation methods are further developed and evaluated for reducing flap motion of the rotors. A piloted fixed base simulation is performed, and pilot comments and data are presented. The paper concludes with discussion of the results and trade-offs of the most effective control allocation techniques.
Design And Fabrication Of Piezoelectric Wafer And Fiber-Based Frequency Steered Acoustic Transducers
Authors:   Georgia Institute of Technology, Carrara Matteo ,   University of Michigan, Nadella Kalyan , Ruzzene Massimo , Cesnik Carlos
Published: October 2024

A novel, robust, directional transducer design to be used in guided-wave (GW) structural health monitoring (SHM) applications is presented. The paper describes the design and preliminary fabrication of a novel piezoelectric-fiber-based transducer to be used in structural integrity monitoring schemes. The work proposed here aims to extend frequency steered acoustic transducers (FSATs) concept so to develop a new, robust piezocomposite actuator. This new transducer aims to leverage the advanced design of the FSAT concept, and the durability and robustness associated with piezoelectric fibers–based constructions. This new actuator performs even in harsh environments, can conform to curved surfaces and is suitable to application to metal and composite components of the kind typically found in rotorcraft structures.
Thermoplastic Composite Driveshafts for Vertical Flight: Progression to TRL 6
Authors:   Automated Dynamics, Michasiow John , August Zachary , Hauber David
Published: October 2024

Thermoplastic composite driveshafts have demonstrated a 35% weight reduction and over 150% greater post ballistic damage survivability over legacy aluminum designs. This was achieved through the joint efforts of Automated Dynamics, NAVAIR, SURVICE Engineering, UTAS, and Sikorsky under a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II effort. An evolution of previous efforts, this paper describes subsequent work to optimize laminate architecture, materials, and structural qualifications to meet new performance requirements. SURVICE Engineering optimized the design of the driveshafts to meet new performance requirements supplied by Sikorsky. Automated Dynamics used its recently updated additive manufacturing process using high performance thermoplastic composites to rapidly manufacture prototype driveshafts. UTAS assembled and tested the composite driveshafts. The end goal is a high performance composite driveshaft that is a drop-in replacement for the legacy aluminum driveshaft. Driveshafts were tested to advance the program to a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of 6.
Local Polynomial Method Frequency-Response Calculation for Rotorcraft Applications
Authors:   DLR, Fragnière Benjamin , Wartmann Johannes
Published: October 2024

Frequency-response function calculation is an essential element in rotorcraft data analysis, especially for system identification, model validation and model analysis. This article analyzes the performance of a recently developed method for the calculation of frequency-response functions, called the local polynomial method (LPM), when applying it to rotorcraft systems. The local polynomial method is presented as an alternative to the methods that are based on segmenting and windowing the data and is particularly effective in reducing the leakage error. The performance of both methods is first compared based on simulated data from linear helicopter models in various conditions. The simulated data allows to separately investigate the influence of: signal-to-noise ratio, signal length, frequency range, type of excitation and input correlation. The conditions under which the local polynomial method is superior to the windowing methods are given. Finally, flight test data are used to validate the results observed in the simulations.
Simulating HHC/AFCS Interaction and Optimized Controllers using Piloted Maneuvers
Authors:   Georgia Institute of Technology, Lopez Mark ,   U.S. Army RDECOM, Tischler Mark ,   University Affiliated Research Center, Cheung Kenny , Prasad J.V.R. , Takahashi Marc
Published: October 2024

Higher harmonic control (HHC) has been shown to be capable of reducing vibration and noise in rotorcraft. The majority of the previous work has concentrated on the HHC itself, and not the interaction between the automatic flight control system (AFCS) and HHC. Limited studies have been done on HHC/AFCS interaction using a linear time invariant (LTI) model and offline inputs including the use of dynamic crossfeeds to improve HHC performance while maneuvering. Most recently, results on HHC/AFCS interaction using nonlinear piloted simulations have been obtained. It has been observed that the nominal T-matrix controller approach, while effective in steady state, does not reduce vibration during a maneuver. Increasing the feedback gain can slightly improve RMS and settling time but magnifies peak response. The aim of the current work is to optimize HHC controller performance in a realistic piloted maneuver, and validate the design on a nonlinear simulation model. Achieving this objective required the following accomplishments: 1) Extraction, reduction, and validation of a linear time invariant model from a nonlinear model. 2) Baseline higher harmonic controller design and validation based on the linear model applied to the nonlinear model. 3) Optimization of the higher harmonic controller design to improve performance during a maneuver while maintaining stability. 4) Fitting ideal crossfeeds with a low-order approximation. 5) Implementation of crossfeeds to further improve vibration controller performance during a maneuver.
Isogeometric Analysis for Vertical Flight Applications
Authors:   Iowa State University, Wang Chenglong ,   US Army, Ghoshal Anindya ,   University of California, Bazilevs Yuri , Herrema Autsin , Hsu Ming-Chen
Published: October 2024

This paper addresses some practical aspects of making Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) more accessible to design engineers and analysts. An interactive parametric design-through-analysis platform is proposed to help design engineers and analysts make more effective use of IGA to improve their product design and performance. We develop several Rhino 3D plug-ins with a user-friendly interface to take input design parameters, generate appropriate surface and/or volumetric models, perform mechanical analysis, and visualize the solution fields, all within the same Computer-Aided Design (CAD) program. As part of this effort we propose and implement graphical generative algorithms for IGA model creation based on Grasshopper 3D, a visual programming interface to Rhino 3D. The developed platform is demonstrated on two structural mechanics examples—an actual wind turbine blade and a model of an integrally bladed rotor (IBR), and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation example - a water twister. In the example of IBR we demonstrate how the Rhino 3D functionality may be utilized to create conforming volumetric models for IGA.
RotorShield Advanced Rotor Blade Erosion Protection, Application to V-22
Authors:   Bell Helicopter, Nissen Jeffrey ,   The Boeing Co., Holemans Peter , Venezia Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Rotorcraft operating in desert and shore environments continue to experience severe rotor blade erosion. To mitigate damage from sand and rain, rotor blade leading edges have historically been designed with a metallic abrasion strip that serves as sacrificial material to absorb the damage. Erosion of the metal abrasion strip can become a major contributor aircraft downtime and maintenance activities. Sand erosion takes place during takeoff and landing, or during ground operations where dust, sand, and other debris are lifted by the rotor downwash. Rain erosion occurs during aircraft operation in heavy rainfall. To alleviate the maintenance costs associated with rotor erosion, a number of research efforts have investigated alternative rotor blade abrasion strip treatments to develop new structures or coatings that are more resistant to erosion damage. The ONR RotorShield erosion coating system is a technology applied to the V-22 to enable extended erosion protection and achieves the goals of reduced maintenance and repair costs associated with erosion damage. The erosion coating technology is compliant with V-22 rotor blade requirements such as: weight; fatigue; ice protection system; lightning strike and aerodynamics.
525 Aircraft Zero, The Relentless Advanced Systems Integration Lab
Authors:   Bell Helicopter, Hoelscher Stephanie , Bothwell Mike
Published: October 2024

Development of the first fly-by-wire (FBW) commercial helicopter requires an integrated approach to design, testing, validation, and verification. The Bell 525 Relentless Advanced Systems Integration Lab (RASIL) - or "Aircraft Zero" - provides a platform for Vehicle Management System (VMS) hardware integration and associated validation and verification testing, including certification testing. The utility of the 525 RASIL is the ability to perform system testing ahead of and in support of the 525 flight test, envelope expansion, and certification program. RASIL testing is supporting the development of the 525 FBW control laws through initial design, open loop, closed loop, failure and certification related testing. The RASIL has seen advances in efficiency through automated testing and results verification, scripted failure insertion, and streamlined lab reconfiguration. Leveraging RASIL functionality and the wide array of testing conducted there, the 525 program achieves increased safety and a reduction in "real" aircraft flight testing that can be realized with commensurate cost and schedule savings.
Design and Analysis of a Thrust-Vectoring Coaxial-Rotor Micro Air Vehicle
Authors:   ISAE Supaéro, Prothin Sebastien , Doué Nicolas
Published: October 2024

The growing interest of rotary wing UAVs, for military and civilian applications, has encouraged designers to consider miniaturized configurations, more efficient in terms of endurance, payload capability and maneuverability. The purpose of this paper is to study a new configuration of coaxial rotor as applied to a micro aerial vehicle (MAV) with the intention to guarantee the vehicle maneuverability while removing unnecessary control surfaces which would increase wind gust sensitivity. Coaxial rotor configurations maximize the available rotor disk surface and allow for torque cancelation. Tilting rotors may allow for the vehicle control.
Aerodynamic Performance of a Hovering Micro-Rotor in Confined Environment
Authors:   ISAE Supaero, Jardin Thierry , Prothin Sebastien , Garcia-Magana Cristian
Published: October 2024

This paper aims at understanding how the aerodynamic performance of a hovering micro-rotor is affected by horizontal and vertical wall proximity. Toward that end, experiments are performed to extract aerodynamic loads and velocity flow fields from strain gauges and high-definition stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurements respectively. The results show that horizontal wall boundary conditions contribute to enhancing aerodynamic performance while vertical boundary conditions have a negligible impact. Enhancement of aerodynamic performance arises from distinct flow physics that depend on the configuration considered. These results open the path towards the development of micro-air vehicles dedicated to the exploration of highly confined environments.
Evaluation and control strategy analysis of influenza cases in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, China from 2018 to 2022
Authors: Zeng Zhang , Xiong Huomei
Published: October 2024

According to World Trade Organization (WTO) statistics, the incidence of seasonal influenza in China has been on the rise since 2018. The aim of this study was to identify and investigate the influence of factors related to the incidence of four common types of influenza viruses. Data of patients with common cold and associated virus infections are described, and a logistic regression model based on gender, age and season was established. The relationship between virus type and the above three factors was analyzed in depth and significant (p<0.05) associations noted. We noted a fluctuation trend, with the infection rate of influenza virus showing an upward trend from 2018 to 2019 and from 2021 to 2022 and a downward trend from 2019 to 2021. The total number of cases in adolescents aged 18-30 years was higher than that in the elderly. The impact of different types of influenza virus on the population ranked from large to small, with special roles played by Influenza B/Victoria, H3N2, Influenza A/H1N1 pdm and Influenza B/Yamagata.
Academentia, management and satire: ‘The good, the bad and the ugly’
Authors: Tomaselli Keyan G.
Published: October 2024

Orientation: The argument rethinks current managerial practices in higher education.Research purpose: Satire beckons when normal science cannot reproduce itself or shift to account for different ways of doing things. When reality mimics satire, satire becomes an appropriate methodology. Such literary approaches can reveal what normal science cannot.Motivation for the study: To add to critical management studies and the combatting of academentia as an institutional condition.Research design, approach and method: The general methodology derives from both literary and business principles read through critical management studies and cultural studies. Autoethnography is shown here to be useful within accounting and management studies. The Semler and the Kalahari management practices explicitly specify the need to rethink ‘operational models’.Main findings: No findings are offered in the conventional sense. Rather, relations are analysed and conclusions result from my own internal dialogue as a central player in the case study. The ‘transformation’ objectives of governance were disconnected from educational purposes. The resulting dramatic narrative hopefully appeals to readers in terms of their own lived conditions: can readers insert themselves into the narrative in terms of their own experiences?Practical and/or managerial implications: Institutions to be managed as adhocracies. What has been learned after 20 years of transformation and restructuring, if anything?Contribution and/or value-add: An engagement with critical management studies from the perspective of cultural studies identifies some solutions. Like the former, the latter examines issues of power relations, in this case, relations subsisting within administrative systems rather than the more usual framing as being between classes, races, ethnicities and genders.
Maximising the value of visual data in South African National Parks
Authors: Seymour Daniëlle A. , Spear Dian
Published: October 2024

No abstract available.
A Review of Interleukin-23/Interleukin-17 Inhibitor Exposure during Pregnancy in Patients with Psoriasis
Authors: Doshi Nirali , Prajapati Bijal , Selvaraj Lavanya
Published: October 2024

Psoriasis is an immune cell-mediated chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease that often develops during the reproductive years of women. The treatment of psoriasis during pregnancy is challenging as remarkable changes occur in the maternal body, and it requires the selection of therapy which is safe for both mother and fetus. The use of interleukin-23 (IL-23)/IL-17 inhibitors has been growing in psoriasis disease management and so the risk of their exposure during pregnancy is increasing too. However, human safety data in pregnancy are limited. This article aims to review pregnancy outcomes associated with IL-23/IL-17 inhibitor exposure in psoriasis patients and to see possible therapeutic options for psoriasis treatment during pregnancy. A search of the PubMed database up to June 2023 for articles was performed. The search strategy included a combination of terms as (pregnancy) AND (psoriasis) AND (Ustekinumab)/(Secukinumab)/(ixekizumab)/(brodalumab)/(guselkumab)/(tildrakizumab)/(risankizumab)/IL-23 inhibitors/IL-17 inhibitors. Resulted articles were reviewed manually for case reports, exposures from registries, and clinical trials. Most of the exposures to IL-23/IL-17 inhibitors were inadvertent, and therapy was suspended upon the detection of pregnancy. No signals on miscarriages, spontaneous abortions, and adverse developmental outcomes have been reported with first-trimester exposures to IL-23/IL-17 inhibitors. However, benefit–risk profile cannot be extrapolated based on first-trimester exposure as the transfer of these biologics across the placenta occurs in the later stage of pregnancy. More safety data from large cohorts of full-term exposure are required for IL-23/IL-17 inhibitors to consider them safe therapeutic options during pregnancy.
A Study of Onychoscopic Findings in Various Dermatological Disorders
Authors: Shelke Snehal Shivaji , Jamale Varsha P , Hussain Asma Arif , Kale Mohan S , Nikam Balkrishna P , Bhatt Mansi Milind
Published: October 2024

Context:

About 10% of all the dermatological conditions are comprised nail disorders. It is challenging for the dermatologists to diagnose nail disorders quickly without the help of invasive procedures.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to evaluate onychoscopic patterns associated with various nail disorders.

Settings and Designs:

Hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching institute in Maharashtra, India from November 2019 to May 2021.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred and fifty patients, with a history and clinical presentation suggestive of nail disorders, were recruited in the study after confirming the clinical diagnosis. Patients having secondarily modified lesions were excluded. Dry as well as wet onychoscopy using polarized and nonpolarized modes was performed with the help of DermLite 4 dermoscope with an attached OnePlus 8T mobile phone camera to capture and save the dermoscopic images. Data were compiled and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Categorical variables were expressed in frequency and percentages. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 20. P value (using Z-test for proportions) was calculated wherever needed.

Results:

The majority of the patients were in the age group of 21–50 years with slight male preponderance. Overall most common onychoscopic findings studied in all the disorders were the nail plate alterations followed by chromonychia. The most common nail changes associated with connective tissue disorders were changes in the proximal nail fold capillaries along with changes in the curvature. The most common change observed in onychomycosis was chromonychia. Aurora borealis, spikes, and jagged edges of onycholytic plate with ruin pattern of hyperkeratosis were specific to onychomycosis. Inflammatory disorders of the nail unit (e.g., lichen planus and nail psoriasis) showed nail plate alterations with increased nail plate fragility.

Conclusions:

Some onychoscopic patterns are observed consistently with certain diseases, and these can be used for their diagnosis, hence, avoiding unnecessary biopsies, thus improving the patient outcome.
Exploring The Efficiency of Metaheuristics in Optimal Hyperparameter Tuning for Ensemble Models on Varied Data Modalities
Authors: Vivek BC
Published: October 2024

Effective disease detection systems play an important role in healthcare by supporting diagnosis and treatment. This study provides a comparison of hyperparameter tuning methods for disease detection systems using four health datasets; kidney disease, diabetes detection, heart disease and breast cancer detection. The main objective of this research is to prepare datasets by normalizing the input and testing machine learning models such as Naive Bayes Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression and k Nearest Neighbor (kNN). to identify effective models for each data set. After implementing the models, we apply three hyperparameter tuning techniques: Grid search, random search, and particle ensemble optimization (PSO). These methods are used to tune the model parameters. Improve overall performance metrics. The evaluation focuses on accuracy measurements to compare model performance before and after hyperparameter tuning. The results of this study illustrate how different tuning techniques can improve the performance of disease detection systems across a range of healthcare datasets. By conducting testing and analysis, we determine the appropriate tuning method for each data set, yielding valuable insights, to develop an accurate and effective disease detection system .These discoveries serve to advance the field of healthcare analytics and machine learning  to deliver outcomes for patients and healthcare services.