bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation, types, and applications of one- and two-dimensional nanochannels and their transport properties for water and ions
Authors: Fan Lei , Zheng Jinhao
Published: October 2024

Biological ion channels play an important role in living processes, such as maintaining osmotic pressure, signal transduction, and transmitting nerve impulses, and can selectively regulate the transmembrane transport of substances. Inspired by the structure and function of biological ion channels, researchers have prepared a variety of biomimetic nanochannels using advanced nanofabrication techniques to study the mechanism of ion transport in the nanoconfined space. In this study, we mainly introduce the current materials and preparation methods of nanochannels; compare the advantages and disadvantages of the current mainstream theoretical models and simulation software; clarify the influence of confinement effect and surface interface effect on the hydrogen bond structure characteristics and phase transition behavior of confined water in graphene nanochannels, revealing the driving effect of separation pressure in nanochannels on water transport, the micromechanical nature of the water flow boundary slip of nanochannels, and the dominant micromechanical mechanism behind the confined mass transfer phenomenon of nanochannels at different scales; and expound the regulation of nanomaterials based on ionic bond modification and the influence of ion transport properties in industrial desalination, energy enrichment, and detection. The future applications of nanochannel bionic design and regulation, ion-exchange filtration membranes, and ultra-high-speed water transport mechanisms are prospected.
Levantamento do perfil individual e do tipo de armamento apreendido pela 2ª Delegacia Regional da Polícia Civil de Minas Gerais nos últimos 11 anos
Authors: Eugênia da Silva Tomé Thayla , Anastácio de Oliveira Olga , Bastos Reis Isabella , Costa Rossi Junior Wagner , Cavalcanti Bijalion Márcio , Esteves Alessandra
Published: October 2024

O Brasil, conforme relatório da OMS de 2014, liderava em mortes por arma de fogo, evidenciando um crescente problema de segurança pública, especialmente onde a criminalidade é alta. Este estudo analisou dados da 2ª Delegacia Regional de Polícia Civil de Minas Gerais entre 2012-2022, buscando o perfil do portador ilegal de armas e os tipos mais comuns. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, o ano de 2015 teve o maior número com 71 apreensões, totalizando 576 ao longo do período, com destaque para espingardas (37,3%) e armas de calibre .32 (26,4%). A maioria das ocorrências não envolveu drogas (87,2%). O perfil típico do indiciado inclui homens (92,26%), brancos (57,99%), acima de 40 anos, com ensino fundamental completo (52,6%) e apresentando algum vínculo empregatício (54,12%). A cidade de Alfenas teve mais ocorrências (153), seguida pela cidade de Machado (96). Comparando-se os períodos pré-pandemia (PP) e durante a pandemia (DP), no período PP o mês de março registrou o maior número de apreensões (50) enquanto que no período DP o mês que registrou maior número de apreensões foi agosto (16). O tipo de armamento apreendido tanto no PP como no DP foi a espingarda calibre .32 e .22, seguida do revólver. O tipo de munição apreendida no PP foi a 380 seguida da 12 e 28 e DP a .32 e .38, tanto no período pré como durante o período da pandemia o porte ilegal de armas foi a principal natureza das apreensões. Assim, conclui-se que o perfil dos indiciados permaneceu semelhante, com redução significativa das ocorrências durante a pandemia de COVID-19.
Remoción de cromo (VI) de agua residual de curtiembre empleando biomasa orgánica vegetal en un reactor biológico secuencial aerobio
Authors: Camacllanqui Huamanlazo Alex Orestes
Published: October 2024

[Introduction]: In the removal of chromium (VI) from tannery wastewater, physicochemical methods are the most used. However, these require high operating costs, and worse still, generate secondary pollutants that again require complementary treatments for their elimination. Given this, the applicability of vegetable organic biomass (VOB) emerges as an environmental alternative based on: the simplicity of its obtaining, the reduction as waste, it does not generate secondary pollutants and, above all, it removes chromium (VI). [Objective]: Use VOB waste in an aerobic sequential biological reactor (SBR) for the removal of chromium (VI) in the treatment of tannery wastewater. [Methodology]: 3 aerobic SBR systems were implemented; 2 controls (SBR1 and SBR2) and 1 study subject (SBR+VOB). Each system was fed with tannery wastewater (18 L) and connected to an aeration mechanism (12.7 L/min). The bacterial inoculum, a fundamental part of an SBR system, was gained from the selective culture of chromium (VI) reducing bacteria (RBCrVI) taken from the wastewater under study, and integrated into SBR2 and SBR+VOB at 0.6 g/L. The VOB was obtained from Stenotaphrum secundatum residues, fragmented, sieved, sterilized and integrated into the SBR+VOB at 1.5 g/L. [Results]: The SBR+VOB system achieved the highest percentage of chromium (VI) removal (93 %), followed by SBR2 (80.1 %), and finally SBR1 (2.8 %). With respect to COD and TSS, the statistical test (Tukey) showed that there was no significant difference between the system under study and the controls, recording COD removal percentages ranging from 87.8 % to 88.4 %, and TSS ranging from 63.8 % to 69.2 %. [Conclusions]: The viability of using VOB waste to remove chromium (VI) in the treatment of tannery wastewater has been evidenced. The results of this research create a promising panorama to mitigate the effects derived from inadequate management of tannery wastewater and organic solid waste.
Anti-religious propaganda in Lithuania 1944-1970
Authors: Streikus Arūnas
Published: October 2024

Im Beitrag analysiert man die Entstehung des Mechanismus der antireligiösen Propaganda in Litauen nach der sowjetischen Okkupation. Das Modell dieser Propaganda, das ohne großen Veränderungen bis dem Zusammenbruch des Regimes funktionierte, wurde in zwei Etappen eingesetzt. Der erste Anstoß wurde Ende 1947 gegeben, der zweite - nach einem Jahrzehnt. Am Anfang wurde die atheistische Indoktrinierung der Gesellschaft meistens durch Presse und Vorlesungen vollzogen, im Laufe der zweiten Welle wurden auch neue Formen ergriffen. Im Beitrag beschreibt man alte Kanäle der atheistischen Propaganda, die das sowjetische Regime benutzte: Presse, Vorlesungen, Museen, Kino, Radio und TV, Kunst, neue quasireligiöse Rituale und Feste. Man analysiert auch die wichtigsten Dokumente und Beratungen der sowjetischen Regierung, in denen über die Aufgaben und Methoden der antireligiösen Propaganda geredet wurde.
Phubbing: a narrative review
Authors: Field Tiffany
Published: October 2024

The term phubbing was coined as a blend of the words phone and snubbing someone during an interaction by looking at, talking and/or texting on one’s phone instead of continuing to interact with that person. Although this term first appeared several years ago (2012), the research literature has been primarily dated from 2020 to the present. In a recent survey at least 47% of individuals in many countries have experienced phubbing. Its negative effects on adolescents and adults include social media addiction, smart phone addiction, poor job performance, negative affect, psychological distress and depression. Phubbing has also negatively affected romantic relationships and life satisfaction. Phubbing by parents has had negative effects on preschoolers, school-age children and adolescents including excessive screen media use /internet addiction in the youth as well as internet gaming addiction, peer alienation, depression, aggressive behavior and online hostility (cyber flaming). Predictors/risk factors for phubbing include excessive social media, smart phone addiction, poor romantic relationships, “fear of missing out”, nomophobia, boredom, loneliness, anxiety, depression, extraversion, negative body image, neuroticism and narcissism. The data have been limited not only by being based on self-report but also by deriving from cross-sectional studies that cannot determine directionality of effects, and interventions and research on underlying mechanisms have not appeared in this recent literature on phubbing.
expectativa de ingresos futuros como determinante en la elección de carreras STEM para las mujeres al ingresar a las universidades de Costa Rica
Authors: Chaves María José , Villalobos Mónica
Published: October 2024

La proporción de mujeres que ingresan a la universidad en Costa Rica ha aumentado en los últimos 20 años. Sin embargo, esta población continúa estando subrepresentada en los campos de las ciencias, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas, conocidas como disciplinas STEM (por sus siglas en inglés). Se utilizan los datos de la encuesta del “Observatorio Laboral de Profesiones” del 2019 para estimar un modelo logit que explora los determinantes de la elección de una carrera STEM y el rol que juega la expectativa de ingresos futuros en esta escogencia en los hombres y las mujeres. Los resultados sugieren que el contexto del hogar de procedencia de los individuos es fundamental para las mujeres. Asimismo, se encontró que la expectativa de ingresos únicamente influye en la elección de carrera de los hombres; mientras que la influencia de familiares y amigos tiene un efecto positivo en la decisión de ambos sexos.
Vezetői szerepek és szervezeti bizalom az „új normális”-ban
Authors: Szathmári Edit , Kiss Orhidea Edith
Published: October 2024

Háttér és célkitűzések: A Covid–19-világjárvány utáni „új normális”-ban a munkamódszerek, a kommunikációs csatornák, ezáltal a szervezetek és vezetők mindennapjai tartósan megváltoztak, ráadásul újabb globális kihívások merülnek fel. Arra a kérdésre kerestük a választ, hogy az egyes vezetői szerepek hogyan alakulnak ebben a helyzetben a vezetők és beosztottaik szemszögéből, és ezek milyen kapcsolatban vannak a szervezeti bizalommal és a vezetési stílusokkal. Módszer: 47 magyar vezetővel készítettünk strukturált interjút, és megkértük őket, továbbítsanak egy online kérdőívet beosztottaiknak. A jelenlegi globális kihívások hatását, 21 vezetői szerep kognitív, affektív és viselkedéses dimenzióit és azok változását, a szervezeti bizalmat és a vezetési stílust vizsgáltuk mind a vezetők, mind a követők szemszögéből. Eredmények: Mind a vezetők, mind a beosztottak észlelték a vezetői szerepek változását, több esetben kimutatható a globális kihívások és az egyes szerepek jelentőségének változása közötti kapcsolat. A vezetők szerint leginkább a Monitorozó, Motiváló és Zavarelhárító szerepek jelentősége növekedett, ezzel szemben a Kultúraerősítő, Protokoll és Fejlesztő szerepek jelentősége csökkent leginkább. A szervezeti bizalom 15 vezetői szerepben észlelt eredményességgel járt együtt közepes mértékben. A beosztottak által észlelt eredményesség a legtöbb szerep esetében mind a transzformációs, mind a tranzakcionális vezetési stílussal pozitívan együtt járt. Ugyanakkor a beosztottak és a vezetők észlelése között kevés kapcsolatot találtunk. Következtetések: Vizsgálatunk során igazolódott, hogy a vezetői szerepek változóban vannak. A vezetői szerepek kognitív, viselkedéses és affektív attitűddimenziói között mutatkozó diszkrepanciák arra utalnak, hogy a változáshoz való alkalmazkodás folyamatban van. A globális kihívások mint facilitáló események katalizátorai lehetnek a vezetői szerepfelfogás és identitás továbbfejlesztésének, aminek gyakorlati következményeire is kitérünk.
Avian astrovirus caused mortality in pheasant (Phasianus colchicus, Linnaeus, 1758) farm in Hungary
Authors: Gál János , Ziszisz Árisz , Hoitsy Márton , Bali Krisztina , Kaszab Eszter , Tóth Tamás , Sós Endre , Sós-Koroknai Viktória , Marosán Miklós , Vincze Zoltán , Mándoki Míra
Published: October 2024

We present the clinical symptoms, pathologic lesions and diagnostic possibilities of the avian astrovirus-related mortality in a pheasant colony. In addition to enteritis in chicks, we also confirmed acute nephrosis. The genome section of the astrovirus was detected and verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. After sequencing the isolated genome section based on BLAST driver analysis (601-base pair-long) avian astrovirus has the same ORF-1b gene as turkey astrovirus 1 (TAstV1).
A Study of Models of Ottoman Citadels on al-Tariq al-Sultani, between Medina and Mecca
Authors: Enab Mohamed , Metwalli Mohamed
Published: October 2024

al-Tariq al-Sultani, which connects Medina with Mecca, holds significant historical importance in Islamic history. This paper aims to shed light on this road, define it, identify its points and stations, and explore its historical significance. The Ottomans took great care of it as part of their interest in the Two Holy Mosques, strengthening and fortifying it. The paper also aims to study the citadel models built along the road, the reasons for their construction, and their importance. Additionally, it seeks to analyze the architectural styles and elements of the road, comparing them with other examples of Ottoman citadels along various pilgrimage routes in al-Hijaz. This paper holds great importance as it presents a new documentary publication for the first time, featuring four Ottoman citadels on the Sultani Road. The study adopts a comparative, analytical, and inductive approach, relying on essential documents concerning the castles, their locations, completion dates, and architectural styles.
'Muhammad and his Followers in Context: The Religious Map of Late Antique Arabia', by Ilkka Lindstedt
Authors: Nol Hagit
Published: October 2024

Muhammad and his Followers in Context: The Religious Map of Late Antique Arabia Ilkka LindstedtBrill 2023. Islamic History and Civilization: Studies and Texts 209. 372pp., 7 ill., index. Hb 148€. ISBN-13: 9789004687127.
Maurice Denis – między awangardą a sztuką religijną
Authors: Dąbrowska Małgorzata
Published: October 2024

Maurice Denis znany jest bardziej jako opiniotwórczy teoretyk niż jako twórca religijny i niestrudzony propagator nowoczesnej sztuki sakralnej. Bogata spuścizna krytyczna jego autorstwa obejmuje eseje na temat artystów mu współczesnych, recenzje z wystaw,  manifesty programowe,  opracowania dziejów sztuki sakralnej. Jego dzieło obrazuje ciągły dialog pomiędzy tradycją a nowoczesnością, prowadzony zarówno na płaszczyźnie teorii, jak i praktyki artystycznej. Francuski artysta był człowiekiem głęboko wierzącym, mającym od najmłodszych lat świadomość swego posłannictwa na polu sztuki. Nawet w najbardziej radykalnym okresie swojej twórczości, głosząc nadrzędność plastycznych środków oddziaływania  nad  iluzjonistycznie wyrażoną anegdotą, podejmował tematykę religijną. Maurice Denis doszedł do przekonania, iż każde wybitne dzieło jest symbolistyczne, przepełnione duchem mistycznym, gdyż oddaje powszechną harmonię będącą dziełem Stwórcy. Jego zachwyt nad twórczością mistrzów bizantyńskich, pracami włoskich prymitywów, wyrafinowanym malarstwem Poussina, a potem Puvis de Chavannes`a znajdują naturalną kontynuację w fascynacji odkryciami Gauguina i Cézanne`a. Nowy klasycyzm otworzył kolejny etap jego twórczości i refleksji krytycznej. Artysta zdołał pogodzić nowoczesną formę ekspresji z umiłowaniem tradycji i duchowością, o nie tylko religijnej proweniencji. To właśnie relacje pomiędzy sztuką, naturą i religią stanowią najistotniejszy temat przemyśleń artysty. Jak inni nabiści Maurice Denis wypowiedział się w wielu technikach i dyscyplinach plastycznych; mając świadomość potrzeby kształtowania gustu, przykładał wielką wagę do sztuki użytkowej. Odegrał znaczącą rolę w tworzeniu podstaw dla nowoczesnej sztuki sakralnej, nie tylko poprzez własne realizacje, ale także przez aktywność  na polu  Ateliers d'art sacré. Warto prześledzić teksty Denisa – teoretyka, by zobaczyć w jaki sposób artysta zdołał dostroić świadomość XX wieku i nowatorskie środki wyrazu do przekazywania głębokich mistycznych przeżyć, trwale przyczyniając się do modernizacji sztuki religijnej.
Aislamiento e identificación de bacterias asociadas a líquenes presentes en el estado de Guanajuato
Authors: Laguna-Montes Y. , Cervantes-Gutiérrez A. E. , Rodríguez-Gómez D. , López-Ramírez Varinia
Published: October 2024

Los líquenes son asociaciones complejas constituidas principalmente por un micobionte y un fotobionte, diversos estudios han demostrado la presencia de bacterias asociadas a esta simbiosis, sin embargo, en Guanajuato la investigación a este nivel es escasa. El objetivo de este estudio fue aislar e identificar bacterias asociadas a líquenes del estado de Guanajuato. Se realizó un muestreo aleatorio de 21 líquenes en el área recreativa “Las palomas”, las muestras fueron identificadas morfológica y químicamente, las bacterias fueron aisladas e identificadas en diferentes medios de cultivo sólidos. Los aislamientos obtenidos se identificaron mediante tinción Gram y secuenciación del gen 16S ADNr. Se registraron un total de 11 líquenes foliosos, 5 fruticosos y 5 costrosos, de los cuales destacan los géneros Punctelia, Parmelia y Dendrographa. De las 23 cepas bacterianas aisladas el filo Proteobacteria fue el más abundante (52.2%), seguido del de Firmicutes (39.1%) y Actinobacteria (8.7%), provenientes principalmente de líquenes foliosos y fruticosos. Se identificaron géneros como Mesorhizobium sp., Paenibacillus sp., Bacillus sp., Acinetobacter sp. y Stutzerimonas sp. La descripción de bacterias asociadas a líquenes contribuye al conocimiento de la diversidad microbiana, determinar las probables funciones que desempeñan dentro de los líquenes queda por ser establecido.
Insight on physical–mechanical properties of one-part alkali-activated materials based on volcanic deposits of Mt. Etna (Italy) and their durability against ageing tests
Authors: Finocchiaro Claudio , Barone Germana , Mazzoleni Paolo , Cultrone Giuseppe
Published: October 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in one-part alkali-activated materials, which utilize solid-form alkali activators, within the construction industry. This approach is becoming popular due to its simpler and safer application for cast-in-situ purposes, as compared to the conventional two-part method. At this purpose, we have pioneered the use of volcanic deposits of Mt. Etna volcano (Italy) as precursor for the synthesis of a unique one-part formulation. This was done to assess its performance against both traditional and two-part alkali-activated materials. The study employed a comprehensive range of investigative techniques including X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydric tests, mercury intrusion porosimetry, ultrasound, infrared thermography, spectrophotometry, contact angle measurements, uniaxial compressive strength tests, as well as durability tests by salt crystallization and freeze–thaw cycles. The key findings on the studied samples are as follows: i) small size of pores and slow absorption-drying cycles; ii) satisfying compactness and uniaxial compressive strengths for building and restoration interventions; iii) high hydrophily of the surfaces; iv) lower heating dispersion than traditional materials; v) significant damage at the end of the salt crystallization test; vi) excellent resistance to freeze–thaw cycles. These newly developed materials hold promises as environmentally friendly options for construction applications. They offer a simplified mixing process in contrast to the conventional two-part alkali-activated materials, thus providing an added advantage to this class of materials.
An eye-tracking-based investigation on the principle of closure in logo design
Authors: Tseng Han-Yi , Chuang Hsien-Chih
Published: October 2024

This study employs subjective evaluation and eye movement experiments to explore the application and conveyance of logo graphics design, which conforms to the Gestalt principle of closure, to understand the psychological process of this principle in the perception of a logo. The study found that there is no significant difference between completely enclosed logos and unenclosed ones that conform to the principle of closure in their influence on sightline behavior due to the effects of closure, but the subjective evaluation favors unenclosed logos as more attractive and comfortable to perceive, which agrees with modern logo design trends. In addition, the sightline distribution of the image-type logos is more scattered and has the most extended fixation duration. In contrast, the sightline distribution of text-type logos is more concentrated. Designers who understand the principle of closure can intentionally incorporate imperfection into logo design, triggering the automatic mental filling of gaps and instilling new meaning and visual effect into a design.
A Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem Hadtudományi és Honvédtisztképző Kar tudományos és nemzetközi tevékenysége: 2017–2019 (2. rész)
Authors: Pohl Árpád , Jobbágy Zoltán
Published: October 2024

A Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem Hadtudományi és Honvédtisztképző Kar alapvető rendeltetése, hogy a dinamikusan változó biztonság- és védelempolitikai kihívásokkal összhangban megfelelő hátteret biztosítson a hadtudomány, a katonai műszaki tudomány, a honvédelmi feladatok ellátását szolgáló társadalom- és természettudományok, a haditechnikai kutatás-fejlesztés más tudományterületekhez való kapcsolódásához, valamint célirányosan integrálja a tudományok általános fejlődéséből és a tudományos kutatások eredményeiből származó következtetéseket, javaslatokat. Mindezzel olyan tudást állítson elő, ami a magyar honvédtisztképzés minden szintjén képes megfelelni a 21. század kihívásainak.
Las fuentes orales en la formación inicial del profesorado para el estudio de la memoria histórica del franquismo y de la transición
Authors: Ortega Cervigón Jose Ignacio
Published: October 2024

In the initial training of teachers for the Degree of Teacher in Primary Education, it is important to know and analyze the main processes in the history of the present time of Spain, understood as the chronological arc that includes Francoism and the transition to democracy. A period that connects with current problems, but that is barely outlined in generic ideas about institutional, political, economic and social processes.
The objectives of the paper focus on assessing the validity of oral sources in the teaching and learning of History. The method carried out is the collection of significant data related to the Francoism period and the transition from the testimonies of interviews with the students' relatives, which generates a large documentary corpus with great didactic potential, although loaded with subjectivity. The analysis of the information collected allows us to establish the relationship between historical processes and understand their complexity from the analysis of multicausality.
The results show the need to use the parameters of democratic memory and how oral sources in the classroom can help in the knowledge and understanding of its concepts. It is notable how in critical reflection the students point out their awareness of the conflictive processes that occurred in Spain's recent past and experienced first-hand by family members from different geographical origins. The evaluation of the proposal will make it possible to advance the teaching of recent history in the initial training of teachers based on relevant issues, comparing possible permanences and changes, and supported by the reflective analysis of democratic values.
Presencia de las Ciencias Sociales en los currículos de Educación Infantil de Extremadura.
Authors: Álvarez-Álvarez Noelia , Porrinas-González David , Corrales-Serrano Mario
Published: October 2024

The social sciences are very present in daily life, since knowledge such as geography, history, sociology, etc., has an impact on people's daily lives. In the educational stage of Early Childhood Education, the teaching of historical content is developed through projects that allow students to discover and investigate a certain historical stage. But do these contents related to social sciences really appear in the Early Childhood Education curriculum? This work aims to know how social science content is included in the curriculum of this stage. To this end, the legislation that regulates Early Childhood Education in Extremadura has been analyzed to establish comparisons in the treatment of social sciences within it. The methodology used has been qualitative, and more specifically, a documentary data analysis has been carried out where the last two Early Childhood Education decrees of Extremadura have been analyzed: Decree 4/2008 and Decree 98/2022. The results obtained suggest that in Decree 98/2022 there is more presence of social sciences than in the old Decree 4/2008, although this presence in both decrees is very generic and refers more to processes related to socialization.
La formación inicial del profesorado de primaria en educación para la ciudadanía. Estudio de casos en Latinoamérica
Authors: Gutiérrez Giraldo Martha Cecilia , Franco Ossa Carolina , Arredondo Conde Jackeline
Published: October 2024

This article identifies, analyzes and interprets what happens with citizenship education in the initial training of generalist teachers, in university programs in Latin America. The methodological strategy is the documentary analysis of the citizenship education curriculum in three academic programs in Chile, Argentina and Colombia, which train primary school teachers and who agree to participate voluntarily in the study.
The results identify that the purposes and objectives of the programs for the initial training of generalist teachers focus on global citizenship. In the study plans, the contents planned for teaching the area are few and focused on theoretical concepts related to national citizenship, which do not favor the development of critical thinking or the political training of teachers, which are essential aspects to train students future teachers and transformative intellectuals (Giroux, 2006).
The analysis concludes that general teachers are not being trained to educate primary school boys and girls as critical and democratic citizens. Academic programs have the challenge of proposing problematizing curricula, in which future teachers acquire the professional skills to analyze and understand the complexity and interdisciplinarity of social knowledge and, to guide the area of ​​citizenship in primary education in the construction of democratic culture and social justice.
Remote POCUS Education Protocol for Article Screening and Selection v1
Authors: A Elisa
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Background: Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, learning at a distance has experienced a significant rise in popularity. Distance learning is a tool frequently used in medical education. Medical learning at a distance has the potential to reshape the field of medicine by allowing students from remote and underserved locations to more easily learn to provide care. There is a need to better understand how distance learning plays a part in medical education. The use of point of care ultrasound to aid in the diagnosis and management of patients is well documented and becoming increasingly more prominent in medical education curriculums. Access to this valuable tool can be limited in remote and/or low and middle income countries. The use of remote learning may make POCUS more accessible. Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to examine the literature on remote point-of-care ultrasound education in lower- and middle-income countries to better understand what can be said about best practices and what outcomes are being studied. This scoping review aims to better understand the field of remote ultrasound education and identify gaps in the literature to inform future research. Methods and analysis: The included articles were examined following the Scoping Reviews Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodological framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA-ScR) protocol. A comprehensive search from a total of five (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus) electronic databases was performed, beginning with MEDLINE to build a search with PubMed Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and free terms built from synonyms of the MeSH terms. Then, the reference list of included articles was screened by 3 authors baseline on predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria first by title/abstract then by full text. A calibration exercise was conducted with an initial batch of 10% of both title/abstracts and full text articles by all 3 authors. Two review authors independently. Articles were selected if two authors agreed. Theextracted data will be qualitatively analyzed and presented in a diagrammatic or tabular form, alongside a narrative summary, in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis: extension for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines.
EDUCAÇÃO ÉTNICO-RACIAL NA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA: UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO ENTRE CURSOS DE DIREITO DE INSTITUIÇÕES ESTADUAIS DA REGIÃO NORDESTE
Authors: Medeiros Raissa , Paiva de Carvalho Guilherme
Published: October 2024

O artigo propõe um estudo comparativo entre os Cursos de Direito ofertados na Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte e na Universidade do Estado da Bahia, buscando compreender como os seus currículos acadêmicos abordam a educação étnico-racial. Ao analisar as ementas das disciplinas disponibilizadas pelos cursos em questão, percebeu-se que o tema é abordado de forma muito superficial, ou quase não é tratado como pretendem as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais e para o Ensino de História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Africana. Relaciona-se ao fato a manifestação de um privilégio epistêmico da branquitude masculina e de um paradigma científico masculino e racista nas estruturas de conhecimento dos currículos. A Educação para as Relações Étnico-Raciais pode ser uma forma de romper com o pacto da branquitude masculina para proporcionar um conhecimento pluricultural e a descolonização do currículo.
 
Palavras-chave: educação étnico-racial; cursos de direito; epistemologia; branquitude masculina.
Building Recognition, Redistribution, and Representation in Disadvantaged Neighbourhoods: Exploring the Potential of Youth Activism in Scotland
Authors: Ward Sarah , McBride Maureen , Bynner Claire , Corbett Iain
Published: October 2024

This is a time of intersecting crises for young people in Scotland. More than a decade of austerity, the Covid‐19 pandemic, cost‐of‐living crisis, climate emergency, and ongoing global conflict all threaten youth security and create barriers to economic and civic participation. Alongside this, youth non‐participation is often framed as an individualised moral problem, diverting focus away from its structural causes. Evidence on youth activism suggests that young people are seeking new, creative spaces and modes of expression to challenge stigma, express dissent, and challenge inequalities in their communities. With support from grassroots youth and community organisations, youth activists can build trust, critical thinking skills, and solidarity. However, the extent to which youth activism can succeed in challenging structural causes of inequality, especially in disadvantaged neighbourhoods, requires further scrutiny. We draw on Nancy Fraser’s theory of participatory parity to explore how redistribution, recognition, and representation play out in the lives of young people, and how grassroots youth and community organisations support their development as activists. Based on a research study on the barriers and enablers to youth activism in Scotland, we seek to understand how neighbourhood‐based efforts to challenge stigma and economic inequality build dignity and hope, how relationship‐building between young people and the adults in their communities can support status recognition, and how these both contribute to emergent youth political representation.
Neighbourhood Change, Deprivation, Peripherality, and Ageing in the Yorkshire Coalfield
Authors: Wallace Andrew
Published: October 2024

Low‐income neighbourhoods in contemporary England continue to be buffeted by roiling economic inequalities and social policy absences. Long‐term residents have a unique perspective on this socio‐spatial stress. This article zooms in to examine the condition of one spatial manifestation of these broader forces: peripheral council/public housing estates in the deindustrialised North of England—in this case the ex‐coalfields of West Yorkshire. Neighbourhood conditions are seen through the eyes of residents aged between 60 and 85 years. The article explores their accounts of the local economic, social, and political changes which have interlaced their experiences of work, community, and place over six decades. It also examines how irregular regeneration projects, emergency initiatives and local organising have tried to address and ameliorate structural marginalisation in recent years, not least during the Covid pandemic. The article provides a historically contingent account of contemporary socio‐spatial stress, one that emphasises the significance of long‐term residence and feelings of not only loss and nostalgia, but hopeful and resilient attachments to place.
Towards a “Freiburg Model” of Housing for the Common Good? Fostering Collaborative Housing in Urban Development
Authors: Schmid Benedikt , Fricke Carola , Zengerling Cathrin
Published: October 2024

As the social and ecological costs of capital-driven housing markets become increasingly apparent, local governments are (re)establishing collaborations with housing organizations that prioritize affordability and sustainability over profits. This hesitant re-orientation, however, takes place under conditions of strained local budgets and the inscription of market principles into existing public policies and planning law. In this article, we develop an interdisciplinary perspective on the interplay between municipal housing policies, planning and legal frameworks, and collaborative housing organizations in the district development project “Kleineschholz” in Freiburg, Germany. Promoted by the local government as being 100% oriented towards the common good, multiple elements of the project are geared towards community involvement and a close dialogue between public bodies and housing organizations. At the same time, the local government and administration navigate divergent interests within and outside municipal institutions, multi-level legal frameworks, financial constraints, as well as institutional routines. We trace how the project’s common-good orientation is integrated into the co-productive process between housing policy, planning law, and collaborative housing groups. Our analysis centers on the process of concept-based tendering which is a key municipal lever for the project’s orientation towards the common good. Moving beyond the situated district of Kleineschholz, we outline the potentials and challenges of translating an orientation towards the common good into collaborative district development, against the background of present political and legal frameworks.
Forecasting CO2 Emissions from Libya’s Transport Sector
Authors:   Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, Eyime Eyime , Ben Unoh
Published: October 2024

This paper presents an innovative approach to forecast carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the transport sector in Libya. The method combines machine learning algorithms with historical data and future estimates. The research built a model that took into account factors such as population growth, rates of car ownership, patterns of fuel consumption and government regulations in order to provide an accurate forecast of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions over the next decade based on the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM). The authors used a variety of statistical time series models to forecast future CO2 emissions from Libya's transportation sector. These models included the exponential smoothing model (ESM) and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). The ARIMA model outperformed the ESM model, achieving an R2 of 0.931 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.040 Mt CO2. The results of the study found that CO2 emissions from Libya's transport sector could increase by 27.98% and 57.99% in 2030 and 2050, respectively. The study proposed six transportation theories to reduce CO2 emissions from Africa's and Libya's transport sectors. The identified factors encompass price systems, land use planning, eco-driving, electric automobiles, bicycle infrastructure, and telecommuting. The authors also examined the needs to reduce CO2 emissions from Libya’s transport sector in order to meet the International Energy Agency’s ambitious targets for reducing CO2 emissions from the global transport sector. These needs arise due to increasing urbanization, population growth, underinvestment in public transportation infrastructure, and the increasing incidence and severity of heat waves. Additionally, hypothetical scenarios are presented to demonstrate the importance of further reducing CO2 emissions from these sectors to match the projections of global change assessment models.
Peculiarities of Improving Electoral Rights Protection in the context of Introduction of Digital Technologies
Authors: Dudchenko O. S. , Frolova T. Yu.
Published: October 2024

The paper highlights the legal gaps that have arisen in connection with the introduction of digital technologies into the electoral process, the elimination of which will improve the mechanism for protecting electoral rights of citizens of the Russian Federation, as well as restoring violated rights. The author elucidates the issue of the need to detail the legal regulation in terms of remote electronic voting (DEG), including the establishment of criteria allowing constituent entities of the Russian Federation to conduct elections using DEG, the introduction of additional administrative offenses related to violation of electronic voting procedure, the elimination of possible assumptions of violation of the secrecy of voting in the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses. The paper raises the issue of election campaigning on the Internet, the possible limits of the use of neural networks that require legislative regulation, as well as the risks of influence from competing candidates by spreading false information with a proposal to introduce liability measures. Falsifications are pointed out as one of the significant threats to the use of artificial intelligence during election campaigns. The author also insists on the need to label content generated by neural networks, the imposition of sanctions for repeated violations of established requirements, and legislative activity initiated in this direction.
Legislation of Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation on the High Security Alert Regime: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Khazanov S. D. , Lifanov D. M.
Published: October 2024

The paper examines the specifics of the regulatory consolidation of the procedure for establishing and implementing the high security alert regime in connection with the spread of a new coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) in the legal acts of senior officials of more than 35 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The authors examine some issues regarding understanding the high-alert regime in the context of theoretical and legislative aspects. In particular, the paper elucidates some features of the normative consolidation of certain elements of the legal regime of high readiness in the legal acts of senior officials of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Academic approaches to classification of the powers of executive bodies of state power of the Russian Federation and constituent entities of the Russian Federation in conditions of high alert and emergency situations are systematized. The authors determined that the legal regulation of the activities of public administration in conditions of high alert and emergency situations is a self-sufficient element in the general system of legislative regulation of special (extraordinary) legal regimes. Some actual problems of law enforcement and issues of improving the legal regulation of the implementation of the high-alert regime are outlined. As a result of a comparative analysis of the legal acts of senior officials of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, a conclusion has been made about the use of individual legal and technical tools predetermined by normative consolidation of main elements of the legal regulation mechanism, in particular the grounds, purpose, circumstances of the introduction of a high security alert regime. The authors formulate proposals to improve certain legal acts of senior officials of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, aimed at individualizing the conditions for establishing a legal regime of high readiness and differentiating the powers of the public administration to ensure it on the territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
Cirugía de catarata por pequeña incisión combinada con trabeculectomía en pacientes con catarata y glaucoma refractario a terapia máxima
Authors: Taveras Plasencia Paola , Armijo Ibarra Arianna , Guerrero Amanda , Samudio Margarita , Scalagmona Miguel , Pereira Luis , Fleitas María Elena
Published: October 2024

Introducción: las dos condiciones que causan ceguera y que pueden frecuentemente coexistir en el mismo paciente son glaucoma y catarata. La cirugía de catarata más trabeculectomía es de gran utilidad en países de América Latina por los buenos resultados visuales y el bajo costo para pacientes de escasos recursos económicos. Siendo una alternativa costo efectiva para este tipo de población. Objetivo: describir los resultados de la cirugía de catarata por pequeña incisión combinada con trabeculectomía en pacientes con glaucoma refractario a terapia máxima en la Fundación Visión. Métodología: se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluyó a pacientes intervenidos con una cirugía combinada de catarata y glaucoma en la Fundación Visión de mayo del 2021 al 30 de abril del 2022. Se analizaron las siguientes variables; agudeza visual, presión intraocular (PIO), número de medicamentos hipotensores, pre y post cirugía, además de las complicaciones operatorias. Resultados: previo a la cirugía, el 51 % de los pacientes tenía una PIO entre 21 a 30 mmHg, y el 57 % usaba una triple terapia medicamentosa. Posterior a la cirugía, el 98 % de los pacientes presentaron PIO <20 mmHg y el 41 % no necesitó usar medicamentos hipotensores. La PIO se redujo significativamente (p <0.001) de 28,59 mmHg en la pre cirugía a 11,18 mmHg en la post cirugía. En el 41 % de los pacientes (n = 21) el éxito fue completo, en el 57 % (n = 29) éxito fue parcial y en un paciente no hubo éxito. Solo hubo un caso de complicación intraoperatoria con zonulodiálisis y las complicaciones postoperatorias fueron el desprendimiento coroideo y ampolla plana, con dos casos cada uno. Conclusión: la cirugía de catarata por incisión pequeña combinada con trabeculectomía es un tratamiento seguro, eficaz y de menor costo para personas que padecen catarata y glaucoma.
Neoplasia de células dendríticas plasmocitoides blásticas. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Estigarribia Alvarez Mariam Gabriela , Rivelli de Oddone Victoria Beatriz , Aldama Caballero Arnaldo Benjamín Feliciano
Published: October 2024

La neoplasia de células dendríticas plasmocitoides blásticas (NCDPB) es una malignidad hematológica poco frecuente y generalmente agresiva, por lo cual se requiere su reconocimiento precoz. A continuación, se describe el curso clínico de una paciente de 72 años con NCDPB, en cuyos hallazgos más relevantes destacó la presencia de lesiones cutáneas, organomegalias, infiltración de la médula ósea. Posterior al diagnóstico se indicó quimioterapia sistémica, con buena respuesta, no obstante, a los 2 meses presentó recidiva de lesiones y la paciente falleció. En esta enfermedad es necesario establecer el diagnóstico diferencial con trastornos linfoproliferativos, leucemias linfoides y mieloides agudas, constituyendo el análisis morfológico de las células neoplásicas un aspecto importante para una adecuada orientación diagnóstica.
Articulação da reformulação dos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de Engenharia do Centro de Tecnologia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Authors: Braga Ana Cláudia Fernandes Medeiros , Ishihara Yuri Montenegro , Mendonça Stela de Lourdes Ribeiro de , Silva Andrea Brasiliano
Published: October 2024

Os cursos de Engenharia no Brasil estão passando por reformulações seguindo as novas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para Engenharia e as Diretrizes para Extensão no Ensino Superior. O processo de adaptação enfrenta diversos desafios, pois envolve mudanças na organização do curso e desafios institucionais que impactam seu processo. O Centro de Tecnologia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) oferece 10 cursos de graduação, sendo 8 em Engenharia. Este estudo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência do Fórum de Coordenadores de Cursos de Graduação do Centro de Tecnologia (FCG/CT) da UFPB, criado como uma ferramenta de articulação na gestão acadêmica, considerando os desafios institucionais enfrentados na implementação das novas diretrizes nos cursos de Engenharia. As atividades do Fórum tiveram início em 2021, com a participação de coordenadores de curso, orientadores de graduação e extensão e convidados. Os temas dos encontros foram selecionados com base nas demandas dos Núcleos Docentes Estruturantes (NDEs). Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de observação direta, utilizando o Fórum como ferramenta metodológica de gestão acadêmica. Os encontros do Fórum permitiram identificar os principais obstáculos e soluções comuns entre os cursos. O curso de Engenharia de Alimentos, que iniciou sua reformulação do Projeto Pedagógico do Programa (PPC) antes da criação do Fórum, foi utilizado como exemplo, tendo enfrentado desafios como insuficiência orçamentária institucional e demandas estruturais decorrentes da metodologia "aprender fazendo". Constatou-se que a articulação promovida pela FCG/CT facilitou o trabalho das Coordenações de Curso e dos NDEs na atualização dos PPCs, abordando aspectos como exigências legais, diálogo com chefes de departamentos de outros centros, apoio na disseminação de estratégias para acreditação de atividades de extensão, entre outros. Nesse contexto, a gestão acadêmica representada pela FCG/CT teve papel fundamental não apenas no atendimento às exigências educacionais, mas também no fomento ao diálogo entre pares na busca pela formação do futuro engenheiro.