bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical solutions of 2D stochastic time‐fractional Sine–Gordon equation in the Caputo sense
Authors: Eidinejad Zahra , Saadati Reza , Vahidi Javad , Li Chenkuan
Published: May 2023

We study the two‐dimensional stochastic time‐fractional Sine–Gordon equation (2D ST‐FS‐G) and provide a solution for it. We use the new clique polynomial method to obtain a numerical solution to the 2D TFS‐G equation. In this technique, the clique polynomial is considered as a basic function for operational matrices. By converting the 2D ST‐FS‐G equation to algebraic equations, a solution is obtained for the desired equation, which clearly shows that this approach is suitable and accurate for dealing with the equation. We further present the error boundary for the obtained approximation of the desired three‐variable function based on the clique polynomial. Finally, we compare some numerical results obtained with the exact ones by a few practical examples.
Investigation on decontamination mechanism of moisture‐wicking fabrics during home laundry
Authors: Shi Wenhua , Pei Liujun , Gu Xiaomin , Wang Jiping
Published: May 2023

Moisture‐wicking clothes are widely consumed in various leisure or sports activities due to their function of moisture absorption and perspiration, which can provide consumers with a good comfortable experience. In this investigation, the stain removal performance of moisture‐wicking fabric was investigated, especially the influence of surfactants and hydrophilic finishing agents on its decontamination ability. The results show that moisture‐wicking fabric has better decontamination performance than ordinary polyester fabric. The binding force between stains and fibers is calculated by density functional theory (DFT). Compared with ordinary polyester fabric, the binding energy between moisture‐wicking fabric and sebum is lower, resulting in stain is more easily to be removed during washing. Different surfactants have a great influence on the decontamination of fabrics, among which the nonionic surfactants with longer carbon chains have the best decontamination performance. Moreover, after finishing with hydrophilic silicone agent, the hydrophilicity of the fabric is significantly improved, and its decontamination performance is also improved. However, this hydrophilic silicone agent will be gradually removed in the subsequent washing process, especially after the first washing, the removal rate reached 75.70%. Therefore, hydrophilic silicone agent can be supplemented in detergent formulation to improve the stain removal performance of moisture‐wicking cloths during home laundry.
On the zeros of solutions of ordinary and fractional differential equations
Authors: Uğurlu Ekin
Published: May 2023

This paper is devoted to studying on the locations of zeros of related integral operators and the solutions of some ordinary and fractional differential equations. We generalize Sturm and Picone's theorems and Leighton and Levin's criteria. Moreover, we share some oscillation and disconjugacy criteria for the solutions of ordinary second‐order Sturm–Liouville and fractional differential equations. Finally, we introduce some properties of the solutions of fractional differential equations.
Evaluation of a pregnancy programme to enhance older primiparas' physical and mental health and marital relationships after childbirth: A non‐randomized clinical trial
Authors: Nakajima Kumiko , Hirose Ayano , Nameda Tomoko
Published: May 2023

Aim

This study evaluated a pregnancy programme designed by us to stabilize older primiparas' physical and mental health and strengthen their marital relationships.

Design

A non‐randomized controlled trial study of two groups; an intervention and control group.

Methods

Ultimately the scores of 15 participants assigned to an intervention group and 15 assigned to a control group were analysed. Participants responded to sociodemographic questions, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), a postpartum physical fatigue questionnaire, wives' satisfaction with husbands' support questionnaire and Quality Marriage Index (QMI). Data were collected during pregnancy and at one and 3 months after childbirth.

Results

The participating wives' EPDS scales significantly decreased after the postpartum course in the intervention group. Participating in the programme significantly raised husbands' awareness of their wives' physical burdens 1 month after childbirth. The subscale ‘housework support/wives' satisfaction with husbands' support’, 3 months after childbirth, did not decline. It is suggested that this programme could strengthen marital relationships because the husbands' understanding of their spouses' physical burdens after childbirth led to an improvement in the wives' satisfaction with their spouses' housework support. Participation in the pregnancy programme may strengthen the marital relationship. This study recommends appropriate nursing support for pregnant couples to improve their physical and mental health.
The impact of institutionalizing the nursing process based on TPSN model on the quality and quantity of nursing diagnoses
Authors: Namadi‐Vosoughi Maryam , Zamanzadeh Vahid , Valizadeh Leila , Lotfi Mojgan , Ghahramanian Akram , Pourmollamirza Afsaneh , Taleghani Fariba , Bagheriyeh Farzaneh , Avazeh Marzieh
Published: May 2023

Aim

Nursing diagnosis is the basis of applying nursing process and evidence‐based care in nursing. This issue has been affected by the gap between theory‐practice in nursing. The attending nursing teachers Project aims to create an organizational link between health care centres and nursing schools, reducing the gap between theory‐practice and empowering nurses to apply nursing diagnosis.

Design

The present study was part of the second cycle of an action research study conducted in the cardiology ward in 2019–2020.

Methods

Interventions were performed in the form of Teacher, Patient, Student, Nurse Model to empower nurses in quantity and quality of nursing diagnosis.

Results

The results indicated a significant increase in the number of nursing diagnoses recorded. Moreover, the qualitative criteria based on PES components were found to have changed significantly after the interventions. Empowering nurses in the form of this Project could suggest that creating proper structures between nursing schools and health care centres, full‐time presence of faculty members in hospitals, and enhancing their roles in these institutes will lead to improvements in educational as well as health care systems.
Challenges of transforming evidence‐based management of osteoarthritis into clinical practice in rural central Western India. Perceptions of an educational program
Authors: Opava Christina H. , Kindblom Kristina , Rao Keerthi , Thorstensson Carina A. , Swärdh Emma
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major threat to public health worldwide and is predicted to increase. Existing interventions to implement clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) seem to be used mainly in the Western world. We conducted a structured educational program on the evidence‐based management of OA (BOA) for Indian physical therapists (PT). Our study aimed to describe Indian PTs' knowledge, attitudes and confidence on evidence‐based management of OA, and their perceptions of a course on this subject.

Methods

The 2‐day course included didactic parts and practical skills training. Thirty‐five PTs participated and answered a questionnaire. Fourteen of them participated in focus group interviews. Questionnaire data are presented as medians and full ranges. Manifest content analysis was used to analyze interview data that are presented as catagories illustrated by interview quotes. The formal ethics permission was granted.

Results

74% of PTs agreed that radiography determines the type of treatment required, and 69% agreed that a prescription for exercise is enough to ensure adherence. PTs agreed (mean 5 on 6‐point scale) that exercises increasing pain should be advised against. Confidence in guiding the physical activity was generally high (≥5 on 6‐point scales). Five categories reflected participants' perceptions of the course content: Shift in management focus, Need for cultural adaptation, Importance of social support, Development of organization and collaboration, and Feelings of hesitation.

Discussion

Our results indicate that in order to facilitate the implementation of CPGs, PT curricula may consider the inclusion of knowledge on CPGs, focus more on students' own reflections on transforming theory into practice, and incorporate training of basic skills required for implementation of self‐management, body awareness, and neuromuscular fitness. If given access and mandates, PTs may play a major role in the early diagnosis and treatment of OA and thus contribute to the prevention of an epidemic of OA in India.
Voltage‐dependent anion channels: Key players in viral infection
Authors: Saadawy Ahmed H. , Khalil Aya M. , Sidarous Lydia R. , Ibrahim Mostafa S. , Salem Tamer Z.
Published: May 2023

Viruses control the host cell by exploiting its molecular machinery to facilitate viral replication and propagation. Understanding different viral mechanisms and biochemical pathways is crucial for finding promising therapeutic solutions to viral infections. The mitochondrion is a vital organelle targeted by various types of viruses. More specifically, viruses interact with the voltage‐dependent anion channel (VDAC), a porin protein found in the outer mitochondrial membrane. VDAC controls metabolite flux, regulates reactive oxygen species production, and promotes mitochondrial‐mediated apoptosis by releasing pro‐apoptotic proteins. Hence, a common pathogenic strategy used by many viruses seems to exploit natural pathways that VDAC regulates. This review aims to address the inhibition and enhancement roles of VDAC in viral pathogenesis and outlines multiple links and interactions between VDAC and viral proteins as potential antiviral targets.
A novel H∞ memory observer design for uncertain switched nonlinear systems using past output measurements
Authors: Xiao Zhongzhang , Zheng Qunxian , Wang Jie
Published: May 2023

This paper tackles the problem of robust memory observer design problem for discrete‐time switched nonlinear systems by using past output measurements. Different from traditional design strategies of Luenberger‐type observers using the current output measurements, the memory Luenberger‐type observer design strategy introduces the past output measurements of switched systems and observers simultaneously. In addition, in order to better describe the observer error systems, a novel augmented state variable framework of the observer error systems is developed. The highlight of this paper lies that the memory observer design strategy is developed by considering past output measurements and state error values of memory observers, whose performance can be improved by increasing the number of past output measurements used in the observer design, which is an important discovery and significant novelty of this work. By combining the multiple Lyapunov functions approach and average dwell time technique, and introducing matrix variables with free structure, new sufficient conditions for weighted performance analysis of observer error systems are derived. Then, the memory observer synthesis conditions are obtained in the form of linear matrix inequality (LMI), and the memory observers can be obtained by solving these LMIs. Lastly, two examples are presented to show the advantages and effectiveness of the derived results.
Cross‐lagged relationship between sleep quality and sense of coherence and the moderating role of mastery in older adults
Authors: Zhang Baoshan , Du Yawen , Lin Yao
Published: May 2023

The aims of this study were to explore the predictive relationship between sleep quality and sense of coherence (SOC) and to examine a possible moderating role of mastery in this relationship. A three‐wave longitudinal design was employed using a sample of 304 older adults aged 55–87 years old. Cross‐lagged panel analyses and moderating effect analyses showed that sleep quality can predict the levels of SOC 6 months later, whereas SOC cannot predict sleep quality 6 months later. In addition, mastery can moderate the effect of sleep quality on SOC. Specifically, the lagged effects of sleep quality on SOC in older adults who had low levels of mastery were stronger than in those who had high levels of mastery. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights for understanding the predictive relationship between sleep quality and SOC and emphasise the moderating role of mastery. Also, our results offer important implications for enhancing the SOC in older adults by improving sleep quality and mastery.
In Situ Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Zinc Stannate Nanoparticles on Cotton Fabric
Authors: Ebrahimi Kazhal , Valipour Peiman , Mirjalili Mohammad , Tayebi Habib‐Allah
Published: May 2023

This research is conducted with the objective of developing a multi‐functional finishing on cotton fabric for improving different properties such as self‐cleaning, antibacterial, ultraviolet blocking, mechanical, and electrical conductivity. To this end, zinc stannate nanophotocatalyst and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) are successfully synthesized and used for multifunctional treatment of cotton fabrics. Self‐cleaning properties under sunlight irradiation and antibacterial activities against two common pathogenic bacteria including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are characterized on finished cotton samples. Electrical resistance and color of treated fabrics are also assessed. Electrical conductivity of the RGO‐coated fabrics is improved significantly due to presence of RGO on the surface of cotton fabrics. The treated cotton fabrics with zinc stannate nanocomposite show 61.7% photocatalytic self‐cleaning activity measured by degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under sunlight irradiation. Also, the zinc stannate nanocomposite‐coated cotton samples possess excellent antibacterial activity.
Introduction
Authors: Kramer Eric-Hans , Molendijk Tine
Published: May 2023

‘You know what the issue is with the military academy? Nobody ever talks about violence.’ This observation, made by Désirée Verweij at the beginning of this millennium, initiated the development of a particular approach to military ethics. In this introduction, we reflect on Désirée’s observation and the questions it triggers in order to show why it can bring together a broad array of authors with backgrounds in different fields, such as philosophy, ethics, anthropology, psychology, organization science and law, around the topic of ‘the confrontation with violence’. Interdisciplinary explorations of this theme have been at the core of the work of Désirée, who held the chair in military ethics at the Netherlands Defence Academy from 2008 to 2021.
Educating for Restraint
Authors: Olsthoorn Peter
Published: May 2023

Today, many armed forces consider teaching virtues to be an important complement to imposing rules and codes from above. Yet, it is mainly established military virtues such as courage and loyalty that dominate both the lists of virtues and values of most militaries and the growing body of literature on military virtues. Some of these virtues, however, may be less suited for today’s missions, which more often than not require restraint on the part of military personnel. This chapter looks into military ethics education from the perspective of military virtues and addresses the question of what we need to solve the aforementioned misalignment: a new set of virtues, a different interpretation of the existing virtues, or something else altogether?
Entrepreneurial Design Thinking© in Higher Education: Conceptualizing Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Western Teaching Methodology to the Eastern Perspective
Authors: Amalia Ria Tristya , von Korflesch Harald F. O.
Published: May 2023

Design thinking continuously positively impacts teaching and learning as a teaching methodology in entrepreneurship education. However, the research has not yet identified a potential method for the cross-culturally adaption from the Western to the Eastern teaching perspective. The Western teaching practices of entrepreneurial design thinking (Entrepreneurial Design Thinking© is a trademark of VonKor GmbH in Germany. Detail information concerning the term is explained further in the article.) may not be universally applicable to the Eastern view of entrepreneurship education. By reflecting on the social-constructivist approach and using cross-cultural adaptation theory, this paper proposes and develops a conceptual framework to describe the cross-culturally adaption of the entrepreneurial design thinking methodology from the Western to the Eastern perspective of entrepreneurship in higher education. The example primarily relates to Indonesia.
Progressing Context in Entrepreneurship Education: Reflections from a Delphi Study
Authors: Ramsgaard Michael Breum , Thomassen Mette Lindahl , Williams Middleton Karen
Published: May 2023

Stimulating entrepreneurial agency among citizens, companies, and organizations is a central objective of many policymakers, potentially requiring arenas for innovation, networks of advisors, training, infrastructure, and finances, among other things. Nonetheless, central to agency is the individual’s own willingness and empowerment to engage. Some aspects of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial action have been argued to be broadly applicable across disciplines, geographies, and cultures, while others are significantly dependent upon a set of variables in which one is embedded. Thus, considering ways in which the contextual complexity of entrepreneurship (and education) is represented in entrepreneurship education is critical. Recent literature establishes that it is important to design for and with context in entrepreneurship education (Thomassen, et al., International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 26(5):863–886, 2020), but we lack documented knowledge regarding how this can and potentially should be done. In this chapter, we aim to progress a research agenda by identifying current challenges and future opportunities brought forward by experts in entrepreneurship education research through a Delphi study in order to advance the contextualization of entrepreneurship education.
The Incorporated Approach: From Project-Based Learning in Entrepreneurship Education to Project-Based Learning as Entrepreneurship Education in German Schools
Authors: Vollmar Bernhard , Euler Mark
Published: May 2023

Entrepreneurship is a future skill that is of central importance for modern societies and economies. It has been recommended that Entrepreneurship Education, when defined as the scientifically founded discussion around the questions about how a central, lifelong, cross-sectional competence in entrepreneurship can be promoted, should be anchored early on in the socialization of learners, namely in schools as an essential educational practice. However, Entrepreneurship Education in Germany has not yet been implemented across the board and is still not mandatory in schools. This chapter illustrates how entrepreneurship, initiative, courage, and trust can be sparked in young people in Germany by using project-based learning as entrepreneurship education instead of project-based learning in entrepreneurship education. A concrete empirical example below of a school education initiative shows how this could be realized.
The Experiential Perceptions of Entrepreneurial Competencies: Avenues for the Next-Generation Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Kansikas Juha , Tarasanski Pavlos
Published: May 2023

This self-narrative study on entrepreneurial competencies was conducted among potential next-generation members belonging to entrepreneurial families. As public university bachelor students, self-narratives written by the students themselves do not reflect just perceptions of entrepreneurial competencies in the context of business families but also in the context of higher education. The conceptual advancement of this paper focuses on extending the discussion of entrepreneurial experience-based competencies before designing and launching a venture, such as creativity, innovativeness, risk-taking, sales, and marketing.
Design Thinking Within Entrepreneurship Education: Different Perspectives and Common Themes in the Literature
Authors: Schneider Hannah Laura , Huxtable-Thomas Louisa , Jones Paul , Bowen Robert , Högsdal Nils
Published: May 2023

Design thinking (DT) has been claimed to hold promise for bringing education into the twenty-first century. Many entrepreneurship educators are increasingly integrating DT into their entrepreneurship curricula. Thus, there has been a growing interest among entrepreneurial educators to understand the value and the conceptual interface of DT within entrepreneurship education (EE). The purpose of this chapter, therefore, is to illustrate the interface of DT within EE and its current discussion within the literature. This explorative literature review follows an interpretive approach to discuss general theoretical parallels and common core principles of DT in EE at different levels. The findings of this literature review contribute to a more profound perspective on the conceptual clarity of DT in EE.
Entrepreneurship Education in Digital Environments: Developing a Didactic Framework for a New Era
Authors: Baierl Ronny , Thamm René
Published: May 2023

This chapter introduces a new didactic framework on entrepreneurship education in digital environments. We base our arguments on theoretical insights gained by the literature on didactics in general and on entrepreneurship education in particular. In addition, we include practical experiences gained by two successfully delivered summer schools, in the real world and in the digital world, and our expertise based on lectures at our university. As a result, our framework covers five dimensions in which several aspects of digital and nondigital competencies are trained. We discuss our framework and suggest fruitful avenues for educators and researchers in the field.
Threshold Concepts in Entrepreneurship Education and their Implications for Teaching and Learning
Authors: Geiger Jan-Martin , Hatt Lucy , Mizzi Emanuel , Kriedel Ronald , Liening Andreas , Kovács Judit Katonáné , Mountford-Brown Victoria
Published: May 2023

In view of the continuing growth and importance of entrepreneurship education within the educational landscape, there remains a significant demand for theoretical as well as practical approaches. In particular, there is a demand for approaches that shed light on the interplay between course design and individual learning. This chapter draws on the threshold concept approach, which is becoming an increasingly important perspective in educational research. Whilst the threshold concept approach has been applied usefully to develop the pedagogy of various academic disciplines, for example, economics, healthcare and information literacy, they have so far received little attention in the context of entrepreneurship education. The threshold concept approach addresses the question of how learners can practise an exploratory, reflexive approach to discipline and subject-area-specific ways of thinking and practising. The contribution of our chapter is twofold: firstly, we want to show that the threshold concept approach offers a new perspective for theory and practice in entrepreneurship education through its focus on bridging a disciplinary way of thinking and practising, on the one hand, and a subjective view of entrepreneurial phenomena, on the other hand. Secondly, in order to enrich entrepreneurial teaching and learning conceptualizations, this chapter presents a review of the candidate entrepreneurial threshold concepts which have appeared in the literature to date, in order to characterize them as a potential starting point for a promising field of research.
A Student-Run Business as a Construct for Entrepreneurship Education: Presenting the Exploratory Case Study “Culinary Coffee”
Authors: Demming Carsten Leo , Kortum Carsten , Scheubrein Ralph
Published: May 2023

Management education with focus on entrepreneurship and innovation is becoming more important in an ever-increasing competitive business environment. In this chapter, we first analyze so-called student-run businesses as a construct for experiential learning in the field of entrepreneurship education. In the second part, we reflect on 6 years of experience in setting up and managing a student-run business, legally incorporated as a cooperative.
Design Sprints: A New Tool for Social Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Volk-Schor Carina , Wild Antje
Published: May 2023

The subject of social entrepreneurship has considerably gained traction in recent years. There is significant debate about the optimal teaching concepts for this subject, providing sufficient structure to students, supporting collaborative group work, and encouraging the students to follow up their respective projects after the course or even after graduation.

This study analyzes how the method “design sprint” can positively impact social entrepreneurship education. Design sprints combine several design thinking and lean start-up practices into a structured multiday format. For this study the authors created a university course in the field of social entrepreneurship. To evaluate the impact of the course, a variety of qualitative data sources was collected, ranging from learning diaries to surveys, interviews, and observations. Results indicate that design sprints provide much-needed structure to students, especially if supported by the right digital tools. They also support collaborative group work by reducing free-riding behavior and providing valuable practical skills to students.
Creativity in Entrepreneurship Education: Insights from Online Ideation Courses
Authors: Schumacher Stephanie , Eimler Sabrina C.
Published: May 2023

Creativity is an important resource for driving innovation. The authors show how entrepreneurship is made usable as a key competence for application-oriented adaptation in digital higher education and how new formats of virtual courses for training creativity are designed and implemented. They outline how EntreComp is used as a quality-ensuring framework and how aspects of computer-mediated communication are incorporated.
Entrepreneurship Education and Political Change: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Walmsley Andreas , Wraae Birgitte
Published: May 2023

This study explores the extent to which entrepreneurship education (EE) impacts individual political attributes at the level of the individual student. The rationale here is EE’s alignment with an emancipatory principle that can also be found in Critical Pedagogy (CP). This emancipatory principle resonates with the individual recognizing their place within a socioeconomic system and subsequently seeking to change the system; i.e., they become politically engaged. Drawing on a sample of entrepreneurship students in Denmark, scores on a range of political measures were compared at the start and at the end of a semester in which students engaged in entrepreneurship education. The political measures comprised “political interest,” “political orientation,” “civic engagement,” and “sociopolitical control.” Overall, results indicate a shift toward more politically interested and engaged students. This exploratory study sets the scene for more research in this area that seeks to understand the potential inherent in EE for political change.
Re-evaluating Entrepreneurship Education Through a Team-Based Approach: Activities and Archetypes Within a Scottish University
Authors: Crammond Robert , Omeihe Ibiyemi , Murray Alan
Published: May 2023

A university’s overall enterprising strategy, which includes identifying key stakeholders and teaching teams, promotes Entrepreneurship Education (EE) and encourages desired behaviours such as creativity, problem-solving, and both market and risk awareness. Specifically within the classroom environment, EE is strengthened by a variety of formative or summative methods, exercises, and positive cultures. However, there is a lack of a clear conceptualisation of the team-based approach comprising EE academics.

Therefore, this chapter examines the enterprising activities and typical archetypal individuals and standards through an exploratory mixed-method study involving four selected undergraduate courses within a Scottish University. These activities and archetypes include prescriptive courses offered, surrounding enterprising opportunities for students, and influential individuals and processes. Qualitative student feedback is reviewed from across these four courses, and utilising a quantitative survey method, 136 students and staff responded from a sample of over 250 concerning themes of the embedding of enterprise in university, teaching methods, and networking with external partners.

Findings indicate a remarkable, positive reaction to course structure and delivery, the support given from the new team-based approach, and voiced a need for EE to be universal across programmes involving experienced educators and entrepreneurs. However, results display an uncertainty concerning available networking opportunities during the entrepreneurial journey.

This results in the chapter’s Team-Based Re-Evaluation Model for EE. The model encourages systematic change towards a university’s pedagogical and experiential-based EE offering, originating from enterprising academic teams. Additionally, it heightens the significance of educator personality and experience and embedding progressive, industry-relevant practices within the university context.
Coaching Concept to Improve the Sustainability Impact of Students’ Startup Ideas in an Early Stage
Authors: Preiss Philipp , Puteanus-Birkenbach Katja , Lang-Koetz Claus
Published: May 2023

As part of entrepreneurship education, since 2018 the “Startup Summer Camp” with a focus on “Sustainable Innovation” is offered at Pforzheim University. This Startup Summer Camp is designed to enable students to develop a sustainable oriented business model within 6 days. Hence, lectures and impulses on the goals of sustainable development are given. Methods for sustainability impact assessment are taught and the students are then guided through applying them on a specific innovation idea. These elements are part of the coaching concept developed.

This chapter describes the coaching concept and presents the results of a survey regarding the effectiveness of coaching on sustainability aspects. Therefore, the following two research questions are to be answered within this study:

How aware are the students of sustainability issues and can their level of knowledge regarding sustainability topics be increased with the coaching?

Are the students able to design their startup idea in a more sustainable way and/or estimate the level of the impact on sustainability?

The results of the survey show that within a very compact coaching session, an important and applicable understanding of the complexity and urgency of sustainable development can be created and applied to an innovation idea.
Resurgence in complex Chern-Simons theory at generic levels
Authors: Duan Zhihao , Gu Jie
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In this note we study the resurgent structure of sl(2, ℂ) Chern-Simons state integral model on knot complements S3\41, S3\52 with generic discrete level k ≥ 1 and with small boundary holonomy deformation. The coefficients of the saddle point expansions are in the trace field of the knot extended by the holonomy parameter. Despite increasing complication of the asymptotic series as the level k increases, the resurgent structure of the asymptotic series is universal: both the distribution of Borel plane singularities and the associated Stokes constants are independent of the level k.
Aspects of the electroweak Skyrmion
Authors: Bolognesi Stefano , Gudnason Sven Bjarke , Santoni Giacomo
Published: May 2023

Abstract

We consider certain aspects of the electroweak Skyrmion (EWS). We discuss the case of EWS with dynamical Higgs and find numerical solutions for various values of the cutoff scale. Our results are qualitatively similar to the ones present in the literature, but we find a considerable lower mass than previous studies. We discuss the quantization of the light degrees of freedom and prove that the EWS is a boson. We consider the interaction between fermions and the EWS and the transfer of fermionic charge onto the soliton. We consider the large distance structure of the soliton and the interaction between two well separated EWSs. We find that the classical EWS has a magnetic dipole moment. We discuss the lifetime of the metastable soliton. Finally, we discuss some phenomenological and cosmological consequences of our results.
Sekundärer Wundverschluss mit einem neuen transparenten Unterdruckverband
Authors: Loske Gunnar
Published: May 2023

Sekundär heilende operative Wunden lassen sich mit der Unterdrucktherapie behandeln. Aufgrund der teilweise starken Adhärenz des in die Wunde eingelegten Polyurethanschaumes können Verbandwechsel schmerzhaft sein. Nach der Konditionierung und Débridement des Wundgrundes kann der sekundäre Wundverschluss operativ mit einer chirurgischen Naht erfolgen. Die kutane Unterdrucktherapie wird auch präventiv nach primärer chirurgischer Naht angewendet. Beschreibungen für sekundäre Wundverschlüsse ohne eine chirurgische Naht sind bislang nicht bekannt. Die Fertigung und Handhabung eines innovativen transparenten Verbandes für die kutane Anwendung der Unterdrucktherapie werden demonstriert. Die Verbandanordnung besteht aus einer transparenten Drainagefolie und einer transparenten Okklusionsfolie. Über eine Schlauchverbindung wird mit einer Unterdruckpumpe ein Unterdruck angelegt. Anhand eines Fallbeispiels wird eine neue Methode des sekundären Wundverschlusses unter Nutzung des transparenten Unterdruckverbandes vorgestellt. Der Behandlungszyklus mit einer Anleitung zur Herstellung des Verbandes wird im Video gezeigt.
Trust, understanding, and machine translation: the task of translation and the responsibility of the translator
Authors: Chen Melvin
Published: May 2023

Could translation be fully automated? We must first acknowledge the complexity, ambiguity, and diversity of natural languages. These aspects of natural languages, when combined with a particular dilemma known as the computational dilemma, appear to imply that the machine translator faces certain obstacles that a human translator has already managed to overcome. At the same time, science has not yet solved the problem of how human brains process natural languages and how human beings come to acquire natural language understanding. We will then distinguish between the task of translation and the responsibility of the translator. Thereafter, we will conduct a survey of the methods of machine translation (viz. RBMT, SMT, NMT, foundation models or large language models). These methods will then be critically evaluated both in general and relative to Bar-Hillel’s hypothesis about the impossibility of fully automatic, high-quality machine translation (Fahqmt). Some concluding remarks will be made about the scope, prospects, and limits of machine translation.
Lebensmittelmarkt im Wandel
Authors: Prumbaum Emma Caroline , Rohde Simon
Published: May 2023

Besonders in urbanen Ballungsgebieten konnten Online-Lebensmitteleinzelhändler in den vergangenen Jahren Marktanteile hinzugewinnen. Auch in der Großstadt Köln drängen verstärkt Anbieter mit online- und lieferbasierten Geschäftsmodellen auf den Markt des Lebensmitteleinzelhandels. Vor allem Betriebsformen, die ihre Produkte nur mit digitalen Plattformen anbieten und das Sortiment per eigener Lieferflotte vertreiben, haben das Potenzial, Einkaufsverhalten und Logistikketten zu verändern. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es das Ziel dieses Beitrags, die Unterformen des reinen E‑Commerce innerhalb des Kölner Stadtgebiets zu charakterisieren, zu verorten und anhand der räumlichen Verteilung Rückschlüsse auf die zugrunde liegenden Standortanforderungen zu ziehen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unter anderem, dass die primären Standortanforderungen der Unternehmen des klassischen E‑Commerce eine gute Verkehrsanbindung sowie eine ausreichende Flächenverfügbarkeit sind. Dem gegenüber stehen Unternehmen des sog. Quick-Commerce, welche die Nähe zu Verkehrswegen durch die Nähe zu Kund*innen substituieren. Dementsprechend liegen die Standorte des Quick-Commerce in zentralen Lagen, die in den Flächennutzungsplänen zumeist als Wohngebiet ausgewiesen sind. Dieser Beitrag bildet eine Basis zur Erklärung der Standortanforderungen dieser neuen Distributionsform.
Malicious uses of blockchains by malware: from the analysis to Smart-Zephyrus
Authors: Gimenez-Aguilar Mar , de Fuentes Jose Maria , Gonzalez-Manzano Lorena
Published: May 2023

The permanent availability and relative obscurity of blockchains is the perfect ground for using them for malicious purposes. However, the use of blockchains by malwares has not been characterized yet. This paper analyses the current state of the art in this area. One of the lessons learned is that covert communications for malware have received little attention. To foster further defence-oriented research, a novel mechanism (dubbed Smart-Zephyrus) is built leveraging smart contracts written in Solidity. Our results show that it is possible to hide 4 Kb of secret in 41 s. While being expensive (around USD 1.82 per bit), the provided stealthiness might be worth the price for attackers.
Sustainable bacterial cellulose production by low cost feedstock: evaluation of apple and tea by-products as alternative sources of nutrients
Authors: Amorim Lúcia F. A. , Li Lengwan , Gomes Ana P. , Fangueiro Raul , Gouveia Isabel C.
Published: May 2023

The high applicability of Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is often challenging due to its high production costs, which ultimately prevents its widespread use. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate BC production using alternative feedstock to replace high-cost synthetic carbon and nitrogen sources and to evaluate the physical and structural properties of the produced BC membranes. BC was produced through a microbial consortium from kombucha, and the formulated alternative media sustained promising BC production, especially the association of apple wastes (at 10% (W/V)) with tea mixture, with a yield similar to BC produced on Hestrin–Schramm (HS) control media. Moreover, the BC samples produced in this alternative media also exhibited comparable properties to BC from HS media, with similar water-holding capacity and retention ability, thermal stability, mechanical behavior, and a crystallinity index of 87.61% and 88.08%, respectively. Thus, our findings substantiated that expensive substrates, such as glucose, peptone, and yeast extract, could be successfully replaced by apple wastes, black and green tea, for BC production while maintaining its remarkable physical and structural properties. Furthermore, besides the low-cost advantage, the bioconversion of apple waste also reduces the environmental burden caused by its disposal in landfills.
Pharmacokinetics, safety, and antitumor activity of talazoparib monotherapy in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Luo Yang , Cheng Ying , Wu Chunjiao , Ye Hui , Chen Naihan , Zhang Fan , Wei Hua , Xu Binghe
Published: May 2023

Talazoparib, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of advanced breast and prostate cancers in Western populations. This open-label, phase 1 study investigated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and antitumor activity of talazoparib monotherapy in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors. Molecularly unselected patients (≥18 years) with advanced solid tumors resistant to standard therapy received talazoparib (oral, 1 mg once daily). Primary endpoint was characterization of single-dose and steady-state pharmacokinetics. Secondary endpoints evaluated safety, unconfirmed objective response rate (ORR), and duration of response. The safety population comprised 15 Chinese patients (median [range] age 53.0 [31.0–72.0] years). Single-dose median time to first occurrence of maximum observed concentration was 1.9 h; concentrations then declined with a mean terminal half-life (t1/2) of 67 h. Following multiple dosing, median Tmax was approximately 1.85 h with steady state generally achieved by Day 21. Treatment-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 86.7% (13/15) of patients (grade 3, 20.0%; grade 4, 13.3%). Two patients (13.3%) experienced serious treatment-related TEAEs. ORR (investigator-assessed) was 6.7% (95% CI: 0.2–31.9); one patient (6.7%) had a partial response. In patients with measurable disease at baseline, the ORR was 9.1% (1/11; 95% CI: 0.2–41.3; duration of response: 114 days); stable disease was achieved by 36.4% (4/11) of patients, and 54.5% (6/11) progressed by data cut-off. In Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors, the pharmacokinetic profile of talazoparib monotherapy (1 mg/day) was consistent with other patient populations. TEAEs were generally manageable with no unexpected safety findings. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04635631 [prospectively registered November 19, 2020])
A phase Ib study of adavosertib, a selective Wee1 inhibitor, in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors
Authors: Falchook Gerald S , Sachdev Jasgit , Imedio Esteban Rodrigo , Kumar Sanjeev , Mugundu Ganesh M , Jenkins Suzanne , Chmielecki Juliann , Jones Suzanne , Spigel David R , Johnson Melissa
Published: May 2023

Adavosertib selectively inhibits Wee1, which regulates intra-S and G2/M cell-cycle checkpoints. This study investigated dosing schedules for adavosertib monotherapy, determining the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended Phase II dose (RP2D) in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Patients received oral adavosertib qd or bid on a 5/9 schedule (5 days on treatment, 9 days off) in 14-day cycles, or qd on one of two 5/2 schedules (weekly, or for 2 of 3 weeks) in 21-day cycles. Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic analyses were performed.

Sixty-two patients (female, 64.5%; median age, 61.5 years; most common primary tumors: lung [24.2%], ovary [21.0%]) received treatment (qd schedules, n = 50; bid schedules, n = 12) for 1.8 months (median). Median time to maximum adavosertib concentration was 2.2–4.1 h; mean half-life was 5–12 h. Adverse events (AEs) caused dose reductions, interruptions and discontinuations in 17 (27.4%), 25 (40.3%) and 4 (6.5%) patients, respectively. Most common grade ≥ 3 AEs were anemia, neutropenia (each n = 9, 14.5%) and diarrhea (n = 8, 12.9%). Seven (11.3%) patients experienced 10 treatment-related serious AEs (pneumonia n = 2 [3.2%], dehydration n = 2 [3.2%], anemia n = 1 [1.6%], febrile neutropenia n = 1 [1.6%], and thrombocytopenia n = 1 [1.6%]). Overall objective response rate was 3.4% (2/58); disease control rate was 48.4% (30/62); median progression-free survival was 2.7 months.

MTDs were 125 mg (bid 5/9) and 300 mg (qd 5/9 and 5/2 for 2 of 3 weeks); RP2D was 300 mg (qd 5/2 for 2 of 3 weeks). The safety profile was manageable, acceptable, and generally concordant with the known safety profile.
Work Relationships and Autonomy
Authors: Jenkins David , Neal Adam
Published: May 2023

Many people lack autonomy because they work jobs that deny them significant and meaningful control over what they do. The negative impact of this can be ameliorated, to a degree, by the relationships that people often form with co-workers: that is, workplace sociability can itself enhance workers’ autonomy while also helping them tolerate heteronomous work by making it more bearable. In addition, workplace sociability is also a potential resource for advancing the cause of working people’s autonomy, acting as a basis for developing forms of workplace solidarity which workers can then use, through strike action and other forms of militant activity, to improve their working conditions. In this paper, we identify the tension between, on the one hand, the ameliorative andtherapeuticvalue of workplace sociability and, on the other, sociability’s potentialinstrumentalrole in expanding workers’ autonomy. We argue that developing workplace sociability into more purposive forms of solidarity involves putting at risk those other functions performed by such sociability. If expanding their autonomy is something workers have reason to care about, navigating the varied and complex functions performed by workplace sociability is thus an important dimension of workplace organizing.
Development of a method for obtaining Nyquist plots identical to those of the three-electrode AC impedance method in concrete-embedded rebar without requiring electrical continuity
Authors: Hashimoto Nagate , Tanaka Motoki , Kaneko Yasuaki , Kato Yoshitaka , Hirama Akinobu
Published: May 2023

Corrosion of steel bars is one cause of deterioration in reinforced concrete structures. The state of corrosion of rebar in concrete structures can be measured using the AC impedance method. The typical three-electrode AC impedance method requires electrical continuity between the rebar and the measurement device, which may be inconvenient because the structure requires to be partly damaged by processes such as drilling. The present study proposes a method to obtain the same impedance spectra as the three-electrode method by modifying the electrode configuration of the four-electrode method. The procedures for such a measurement are as follows: first, place the counter electrode and the measurement reference electrode at the measurement point; place another counter electrode at a sufficient distance from the measurement point; place another reference electrode at a sufficient distance from both the measurement point and the applied counter electrode; and connect WE_I to the applied counter electrode, WE_V to the reference electrode, CE to the applied counter electrode, and RE to the applied counter electrode, and measure the impedance. In this paper, the physical experiments and the numerical experiments demonstrate the validity of the above method. Under the conditions of this physical experiment (concrete W/C = 54.2%, cover 50 mm), the distance between the measurement point and the application counter electrode was required to be about 1.3 m. The distance between the measurement point and the reference matching electrode was also required to be about 1.3 m.

Graphical abstract
Relating chains of instrumental orchestrations to teacher decision-making
Authors: Ratnayake Iresha Gayani , Adler Jill , Thomas Mike
Published: May 2023

The use of digital technology has the potential to support students’ understanding in the mathematics classroom with the teacher playing a vital role. However, teaching with digital technology is not trivial, especially for teachers who are new to this. In this paper, we present an analysis of the enactment of a function lesson of a Sri Lankan mathematics teacher who used digital technology for the first time in her teaching. We combined the instrumental orchestration and ROG (resources, orientations and goals) frameworks into a conceptual framework to analyse her teaching. In particular, we used instrumental orchestration to identify how the teacher orchestrated the resources in her technology-rich classroom. This was combined with ROG theory to understand the reasons underpinning the decisions involved in moving from one orchestration to another. We demonstrate that this teacher showed diverse orchestrations and use the ROG framework to present these in the sequences in which they were used, formed into chains of orchestrations linked by goals. We propose that her didactical performance is a function of orchestration types over in-the-moment decision-making.