bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Family-Centered Care With Psychological Distress Among Caregivers of Children With Cancer at a Tertiary-Level Hospital in Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Deribe Leul , Girma Eshetu , Lindström Nataliya , Gidey Abdulkadir , Teferra Solomon , Addissie Adamu
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Psychological distress (PD) is a common mental health problem faced by caregivers of children with cancer. The involvement of families in childcare was found to be associated with lower levels of distress.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to determine the associations between family-centered care (FCC) and PD among caregivers of children with cancer receiving treatment at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Ethiopia.

METHODS

An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2022. Caregivers of children with cancer aged 0-14 years receiving cancer treatment at the pediatric oncology unit completed a face-to-face, interviewer-administered, structured questionnaire during a routine inpatient or outpatient visit. The questionnaire included questions on the characteristics of the child and caregiver, PD (measured by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale [K10]), FCC (measured by the Measure of Processes of Care [MPOC-20]), and social support (measured by the Oslo-3 Social Support Scale [OSS-3]). Data were collected using the Kobo toolbox and exported to SPSS (version 26; IBM Corp) for cleaning and analysis. A multivariable logistic regression model was used. An odds ratio with a 95% CI was calculated, and a P value less than .05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

A total of 384 caregivers of children with cancer participated in the study. The total PD score ranged from 10 to 50, with a mean score of 17.30 (SD 8.96; 95% CI 16.84-18.60). The proportion of caregivers found to have mild, moderate, and severe levels of PD was 43 (11.2%), 35 (9.1%), and 51 (13.3%), respectively. The overall prevalence of mild to severe PD symptoms was 33.6% (95% CI 28.9%-38.3%). A statistically significant negative association was found between FCC and PD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.68, 95% CI 0.53-0.86). In addition, having no formal education (AOR 2.87, 95% CI 1.28-6.45), having a history of relapse (AOR 3.24, 95% CI 1.17-9.02), beginning cancer treatment at TASH (AOR 2.82, 95% CI 1.4-4.85), beginning treatment within the last 3 months (AOR 3.99, 95% CI 1.73-9.23), and beginning treatment within the last 4 to 18 months (AOR 2.68, 95% CI 1.25-5.76) were significantly associated with higher level of PD.

CONCLUSIONS

A total of 1 in 3 caregivers have reported PD. FCC was found to be protective of PD. The finding of this study suggests the need for FCC intervention to improve the mental health condition of caregivers. In addition, the intervention needs to consider the educational status of the caregivers, the time since the cancer diagnosis, and the history of relapse.
Integrating Real-Time Air Quality Monitoring, Ecological Momentary Assessment, and Spirometry to Evaluate Asthma Symptoms: Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Polivka Barbara , Krueger Kathryn , Bimbi Olivia , Huntington-Moskos Luz , Nyenhuis Sharmilee , Cramer Emily , Eldeirawi Kamal
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Individuals are exposed to a variety of indoor residential toxins including volatile organic compounds and particulates. In adults with asthma, such exposures are associated with asthma symptoms, asthma exacerbations, and decreased lung function. However, data on these exposures and asthma-related outcomes are generally collected at different times and not in real time. The integration of multiple platforms to collect real-time data on environmental exposure, asthma symptoms, and lung function has rarely been explored.

OBJECTIVE

This paper describes how adults with asthma perceive the acceptability and usability of three integrated devices: (1) residential indoor air quality monitor, (2) ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys delivered via a smartphone app, and (3) home spirometry, over 14 days.

METHODS

Participants (N=40) with uncontrolled asthma were mailed the Awair Omni indoor air quality monitor, ZEPHYRx home spirometer, and detailed instructions required for the in-home monitoring. The air quality monitor, spirometer, and EMA app were set up and tested during a videoconference or phone orientation with a research team member. Midway through the 14-day data collection period, participants completed an interview about the acceptability of the study devices or apps, instructional materials provided, and the setup process. At the end of the 14-day data collection period, participants completed a modified System Usability Scale. A random sample of 20 participants also completed a phone interview regarding the acceptability of the study and the impact of the study on their asthma.

RESULTS

Participants ranged in age from 26 to 77 (mean 45, SD 13.5) years and were primarily female (n=36, 90%), White (n=26, 67%), college graduates (n=25, 66%), and residing in a single-family home (n=30, 75%). Most indicated that the air quality monitor (n=23, 58%), the EMA (n=20, 50%), and the spirometer (n=17, 43%) were easy to set up and use. Challenges with the EMA included repetitive surveys, surveys arriving during the night, and technical issues. While the home spirometer was identified as a plausible means to evaluate lung function in real time, the interpretation of the readings was unclear, and several participants reported side effects from home spirometer use. Overall, the acceptability of the study and the System Usability Scale scores were high.

CONCLUSIONS

The study devices were highly acceptable and usable. Participant feedback was instrumental in identifying technical challenges that should be addressed in future studies.
Method for Identifying Combustibles in Fires Based on Flame Spectroscopy Information
Authors: Yang Wenwen , Yao Xiaomin
Published: October 2024

Fires are one of the common disasters. If a fire occurs in a place with dense personnel and concentrated property, it will cause a large number of casualties and significant economic losses. Different types of objects can cause different fires, each requiring different extinguishing methods. This article aims to investigate the possibility of using flame spectroscopy to classify combustibles. Firstly, flame spectroscopy data of different combustibles are collected through experiments, with SG smoothing and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) selected as preprocessing methods. Subsequently, five machine learning algorithms are used for in-depth analysis and modeling, comparing the classification results of these five models to identify the model with the best classification performance. This study achieves the goal of classifying combustibles in fires using flame spectroscopy information.
Editorial
Authors: Lucio Espino Patricia Daniela
Published: October 2024

Amicus Curiae es una publicación cuatrimestral electrónica, que cuenta ya con una historia y trascendencia dentro de las letras de nuestra querida Facultad de Derecho de la UNAM, a lo largo de sus años de existencia ha fomentado un camino sólido dentro de la investigación jurídica, divulgando las letras de nuestros académicos e investigadores, caracterizada por la amplia difusión y trascendencia de sus números, así como la calidad editorial.
Esta revista, en la nueva etapa en la que se encuentra nuestra Facultad de Derecho encabezada ahora por la Dra. Sonia Venegas Álvarez, pasa a formar parte de las publicaciones electrónicas de la Coordinación Editorial, a lado de Magister Iuris y la Gaceta El Búho constituyen el paquete de revistas, cuyo único objetivo es fomentar la investigación jurídica en nuestra casa de estudios.
La publicación 25 de Amicus Curiae no es número más, sino que es la vuelta a la página de épocas anteriores, este número 25 configura nuevos tiempos de la investigación en la Facultad de Derecho de la UNAM y de las letras.
Es nuestro deseo como institución, fomentar la investigación, además crear lectores críticos, réplica analítica y estudiosos del derecho, contribuyendo a la Universidad, como a nuestro amado país, por lo que se exhorta a nuestra comunidad, no sólo a leer este número 25, con el que inauguramos la vuelta al tiempo –una nueva era de Amicus Curiae–, sino también a participar en ella.
Por lo que sólo queda decir: ¡QUEDA INAGURADA LA VUELTA AL TIEMPO,COMENZANDO LA NUEVA ERA DE AMICUS CURIAE!
Mtra. Patricia Daniela Lucio EspinoLA EDITORA
A Model for Enhancing the Environmental Performance by Integrating Lean and Green Productivity Concept: A Case Study of Food Production
Authors: Wulandari Indah Apriliana Sari , Hanun Nur Ravita , Cahyana Atikha Sidhi
Published: October 2024

The increase in food production activities has led to a significant decline in the environmental quality, particularly affecting the surrounding river systems. This research addresses the need to identify and minimize various types of waste by integrating Lean and Green productivity concepts. The main objective is to reduce non-value-added (NVA) activities that contribute to both environmental degradation and inefficiencies in production. The study applies the Lean framework to identify seven types of waste in food production while also addressing green waste, such as excessive material use and energy consumption. Green Integration Value Stream Mapping (GIVSM) is utilized to assess the current state of value-added (VA) activities and to simulate improvements for future production systems. The initial analysis reveals a low VA of 1.5 hours due to inefficient customer information flow and prolonged loading times. Improvements are implemented by shifting the information system from a push to a pull strategy, significantly reducing production time and lowering both Lean and Green waste. The results demonstrate that integrating these concepts can enhance environmental performance and operational efficiency. This study provides valuable insights for food production companies seeking to balance productivity and sustainability.
Branching States as The Emergent Structure of a Quantum Universe
Authors: Touil Akram , Anza Fabio , Deffner Sebastian , Crutchfield James P.
Published: October 2024

Quantum Darwinism builds on decoherence theory to explain the emergence of classical behavior in a fundamentally quantum universe. Within this framework we prove two crucial insights about the emergence of classical phenomenology, centered around quantum discord as the measure of quantumness of correlations. First, we show that the so-called branching structure of the joint state of the system and environment is the only one compatible with zero discord. Second, we prove that for small but nonzero discord and for good but not perfect decoherence, the structure of the globally pure state must be arbitrarily close to the branching form, with each branch exhibiting low entanglement. Our results significantly improve on previous bounds and reinforce the existing evidence that this class of branching states is the only one compatible with the emergence of classical phenomenology, as described by Quantum Darwinism.
Implementing any Linear Combination of Unitaries on Intermediate-term Quantum Computers
Authors: Chakraborty Shantanav
Published: October 2024

We develop three new methods to implement any Linear Combination of Unitaries (LCU), a powerful quantum algorithmic tool with diverse applications. While the standard LCU procedure requires several ancilla qubits and sophisticated multi-qubit controlled operations, our methods consume significantly fewer quantum resources. The first method (Single-Ancilla LCU) estimates expectation values of observables with respect to any quantum state prepared by an LCU procedure while requiring only a single ancilla qubit, and no multi-qubit controlled operations. The second approach (Analog LCU) is a simple, physically motivated, continuous-time analogue of LCU, tailored to hybrid qubit-qumode systems. The third method (Ancilla-free LCU) requires no ancilla qubit at all and is useful when we are interested in the projection of a quantum state (prepared by the LCU procedure) in some subspace of interest. We apply the first two techniques to develop new quantum algorithms for a wide range of practical problems, ranging from Hamiltonian simulation, ground state preparation and property estimation, and quantum linear systems. Remarkably, despite consuming fewer quantum resources they retain a provable quantum advantage. The third technique allows us to connect discrete and continuous-time quantum walks with their classical counterparts. It also unifies the recently developed optimal quantum spatial search algorithms in both these frameworks, and leads to the development of new ones that require fewer ancilla qubits. Overall, our results are quite generic and can be readily applied to other problems, even beyond those considered here.
Arithmetic Sequences and Series Learning Using Realistic Mathematics Education Assisted by Augmented Reality
Authors: Andzin Nadya Syifa , Sari Putri Yulia Puspita , Widodo Ridwan Cahyo , Sukowati Dinda Iren , Indriastuti Sabrina , Nursyahidah Farida
Published: October 2024

Effective mathematics learning is a significant challenge in improving students' understanding and skills in mathematical concepts. One exciting approach to enhancing mathematics education is Realistic Mathematics Education (RME), which emphasizes understanding mathematical concepts through real-world contexts. This research combines the RME approach with Augmented Reality (AR) technology to facilitate the learning of sequences and arithmetic series. This research aims to create a learning trajectory that can help students understand the concept of arithmetic sequences and series using the context of the Borobudur Temple in grade 8th of SMP Negeri 4 Semarang. This research uses a design research method which consists of three stages, namely preliminary design, design experiment (pilot experiment and teaching experiment), and retrospective analysis. In this research, a series of learning activities were designed and developed based on the RME approach. This research involved 6 grade 8th students. The result of this research is a learning trajectory that includes a series of learning processes in three activities, namely: 1) Observing Borobudur Temple videos to understand the definition and characteristics of sequences and series; 2) finding the formulas and results of sequences and series; 3) and solving contextual problems related to sequences and series. The activities carried out can help improve students' understanding of the sequences and arithmetic series material. The research results show that the context of the Borobudur Temple can help students understand the concept of sequences and arithmetic series. Apart from that, the results of this research add options for local wisdom that can be used as a context for mathematics learning, especially sequences, and arithmetic series.
STEM-based 2D Shapes Learning Design in Parachuting Context to Support Student’s Flexibility Ability
Authors: Ambarwati Belinda , Aisyah Nyimas , Hapizah  , Ismail Norulhuda
Published: October 2024

This research aims to produce STEM-based 2D shapes learning trajectories in the context of parachuting to support students’ flexibility ability. The method chosen was design research type validation studies consisting of three stages: preparation for experiment, design experiment, and retrospective analysis conducted for two cycles. The research subjects were 7th grade junior high school students selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, written tests, and interviews, then analyzed qualitatively and presented in text narratives. The result of this study is a learning trajectory consisting of three activities, namely 1) making three square-shaped canopy designs with different sizes and the same suspension rope length, 2) making three square-shaped canopy designs with the same size and different suspension rope lengths, and 3) making three canopy designs in the form of different quadrilateral with the same canopy area and suspension rope length. The learning trajectory developed is able to support students' flexibility ability where in the learning process students are directed to realize the existence of alternative strategy choices or varied solutions, utilize various knowledge possessed, determine the most effective and efficient way or strategy, and believe in the truth of the answers used in solving problems.
Primary Students' Errors in Solving Mathematical Literacy Problems Based on Newman Analysis
Authors: Mubarokah Aysha Amini Laylatim , Amir Mohammad Faizal
Published: October 2024

Successfully solving mathematical literacy problems by primary students is essential to prepare an earlier generation to deal with various problems in life contexts and have a positive motivation towards mathematics. Previous empirical evidence shows that primary students are still solving mathematical literacy problems with various incorrect strategies and various levels of errors. Meanwhile, Newman Errors Analysis (NEA) can be used to analyze the forms of primary students' errors in solving problems. This research aims to analyze the forms of primary students' errors in solving mathematical literacy problems using NEA. This research applied a qualitative method, with subjects consisting of 35 fifth-grade primary students. Data was collected using tests, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques regarding primary students' errors were carried out through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The forms of errors are emphasized in NEA categories, namely reading, comprehension, transformation, process skills, and encoding. The results showed that primary students made all forms of Newman errors in solving mathematical literacy problems. The highest form of error is comprehension errors, while the lowest is process skill. The research results suggest that primary students need to be familiar with numeracy learning, emphasizing meaningful comprehension to avoid errors in solving mathematical literacy problems.
Mathematical Understanding Concepts Ability in QR Code-Assisted Problem Solving by Gender
Authors: Faradillah Ayu , Rizkia Putri Awalia
Published: October 2024

Students must be able to develop an accurate understanding of mathematical concepts since it is essential for them to understand the concepts related to their studies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ability of students' conceptual understanding assisted by QR codes in solving mathematical problems based on gender. This study is a qualitative research project with a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques used in this study include tests, interviews, and documentation The subjects of this research were one male and one female students in one of the public high schools in Jakarta. The research findings indicate that both male and female students perform equally well in the indicators of restating concepts and providing examples and non-examples of the material taught. Subsequently, the male student is great in presenting concepts related to the learned material through mathematical representations. On the other hand, the female student is great in applying concepts logically. However, both male and female students still exhibit deficiencies in their ability to classify objects based on the concepts that have been taught.
The educational process in the assessments of students with different levels of academic performance (based on the materials of an empirical study)
Authors:   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Яна Викторовна Артамонова , Сергей Александрович Дюжиков ,   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Анастасия Эдуардовна Пилипенко ,   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to studying the opinions of students with different levels of academic performance regarding the educational process. The article presents the results of a student survey on satisfaction with various aspects of education at one of the largest universities in the South of Russia – the Southern Federal University. The empirical material was collected by means of a questionnaire survey using the Russian service for creating surveys Anketolog (https://anketolog.ru/). The sample size for the Southern Federal University was 661 people. The calculation of the obtained empirical data, their statistical processing were carried out using the SPSS program, version 26.0. The conducted analysis of student assessments showed that the request for obtaining a specialty that will allow you to get an interesting and favorite job in the future is formed by all SFedU students, but students with different levels of academic performance perceive the educational process differently and determine the directions of their own development. Excellent students are focused on gaining in-depth knowledge in their chosen specialty, have a more pronounced focus on research and development, strive to develop practical professional skills through additional tools, and have a more confident position on the issue of employment in their specialty and their own demand in the labor market. Students with low academic performance are focused on gaining social skills necessary in everyday life, on communicating with peers; their position on issues of future professional development is more blurred than that of students with high academic performance.
Corporate social responsibility of the enterprises of the oil refining complex
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Андрей Михайлович Гуревич
Published: October 2024

Over the past quarter century, the idea of corporate social responsibility has become firmly embedded in the management activities of Russian companies. At the same time, the flagships have become mining and processing oil and gas enterprises, whose production activities can have a significant impact on the environment and human health. The article presents the main milestones in the development of corporate social responsibility practices of business and key theoretical concepts of scientists who comprehend this phenomenon. Based on a secondary analysis of empirical sociological data, cognitive practices of perception of the social role of business by the public consciousness of Russians are presented, and the ideas of Russian citizens about the priority of social business projects are compared with the declared elements of social policy of the leading economic entities of the oil industry. Recommendations on the development of hybrid regulation of corporate social policy are proposed.
Estratégias computacionais para visualização de biomoléculas com aplicações para o ensino e estímulo à pesquisa em biologia no ensino médio
Authors: Santos Zaira Oliveira , Andrade Bruno Silva , Silva Rodrigo da Luz
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar as potencialidades de integrar a utilização de ferramentas computacionais como estratégia metodológica para visualização de biomoléculas no ensino de biologia. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, além de ser uma Pesquisa de Natureza Interventiva (PNI). Para a coleta de dados, foram aplicados dois questionários (antes e após a intervenção), contendo questões abertas e fechadas, para estudantes do terceiro ano do ensino médio, cursantes da disciplina de biologia. Os dados provenientes do processo investigativo foram analisados de acordo com os pressupostos da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD). Os resultados do estudo versam a respeito das contribuições para a aprendizagem de biomoléculas, uma vez que o uso de recursos de informática pode ajudar os alunos a compreender conceitos complexos de biologia e associá-los ao seu cotidiano, ao passo que elucida limitações de necessidades estruturais da escola. O trabalho ainda frisa a finalidade maior do ensino de ciências, sendo essa a formação de cidadãos capazes de compreender e atuar no mundo de forma crítica e consciente.
Tematizando o futsal nas aulas de educação física no ensino médio integrado
Authors: Alves Ivia Salarolli , Kawashima Larissa Beraldo , Godoi Marcos Roberto
Published: October 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa é descrever e avaliar uma intervenção pedagógica de uma unidade didática de futsal, a partir de sua tematização e adaptação de jogos e brincadeiras, nas aulas de educação física no ensino médio integrado do Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso (IFMT). A pesquisa é do tipo intervenção pedagógica, que tem como finalidade contribuir para a solução de problemas práticos (Damiani et al., 2013). Os participantes foram uma turma do 2o ano B do ensino médio integrado de Secretariado. A Unidade Didática desenvolvida para o ensino do futsal nas aulas de Educação Física utilizou os jogos e brincadeiras como ferramentas pedagógicas, fugindo das metodologias tradicionais e esportivistas. Além disso, foram abordados conteúdos conceituais e críticos relacionados ao futebol e futsal, tais como: os desafios enfrentados pelo futsal feminino; as distinções entre futsal e futebol; estratégias de inclusão social no âmbito do futsal; a problemática da corrupção no contexto esportivo.
Innovative Vlog-Based Approaches for Enhancing Arabic Speaking Skills
Authors: Nurul izzah amir  , Moh. Abdul Kholiq Hasan
Published: October 2024

This research proposes a new approach to improve Arabic speaking proficiency through the use of vlogs in learning. This approach aims to optimize the learning process by utilizing digital technology to facilitate active and interactive speaking practice for students. On this basis, this research provides insight into the potential of using vlogs to improve Arabic speaking competence effectively. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this research show that learning Arabic speaking skills through the vlog approach can provide optimal learning outcomes including increased student motivation and engagement, creativity and innovation in learning, mastery of technical and digital skills, development of in-depth speaking skills, and increased confidence in communicating.
The Influence of Self-Efficacy on Arabic Public Speaking Anxiety/تأثير الكفاءة الذاتية على قلق التحدث باللغة العربية أمام الجمهور
Authors: Intiha Bima Tafriha  , Moh. Abdul Kholiq Hasan
Published: October 2024

Public speaking anxiety and self-efficacy are significant factors affecting students' performance in language learning, particularly in Arabic. This study explores the relationship between self-efficacy and public speaking anxiety among 9th-grade students at Madrasah Tsanawiyyah Negeri 4 Karanganyar. Understanding this relationship is essential for developing strategies to enhance students' speaking skills and reduce anxiety. The primary objective of this research is to determine the influence of self-efficacy on public speaking anxiety among 9th-grade students. A quantitative research approach was adopted, utilizing Likert scale questionnaires for data collection. The population consisted of 155 9th-grade students, from which a sample of 61 students was randomly selected using the Slovin formula. Data were collected using Bandura's (1997) General Self-Efficacy Scale and Lang's (1971) Public Speaking Anxiety Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. The study found a significant negative relationship between self-efficacy and public speaking anxiety. Students with higher self-efficacy levels exhibited lower levels of anxiety when speaking in public. Specifically, self-efficacy accounted for 79.9% of the variance in public speaking anxiety, with a t-value of -15.291 and a significance level of p < 0.05. These findings indicate that enhancing self-efficacy can substantially reduce public speaking anxiety among students. Improving students' self-efficacy is crucial in mitigating public speaking anxiety, which in turn can enhance their academic performance and confidence. The implications of this study suggest that educational institutions should implement programs and strategies aimed at boosting self-efficacy to create a supportive learning environment. Future research should explore additional factors influencing public speaking anxiety and develop comprehensive approaches to address this issue.
Implementation of Active Learning in Nahwu Learning Using Al-Miftah Lil 'Ulum Book at Student Islamic Boarding School/ Penerapan Active Learning dalam Pembelajaran Nahwu Menggunakan Buku Al-Miftah Lil ‘Ulum di Pondok Pesantren Mahasiswa
Authors: Erlien Putri Larasati Erlien Putri Larasati
Published: October 2024

Textbooks are important in the learning process, as well as teaching nahwu. One of the textbooks used to teach nahwu to beginners is the Al-Miftah Lil 'Ulum book, which is written for children, but at Al-Fattah Islamic Boarding School it is applied to student students with a beginner background. This study aims to describe the implementation of active learning in nahwu learning using the Al-Miftah Lil 'Ulum book at Al-Fattah Kartasura Student Islamic Boarding School. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative which was carried out at Al-Fattah Kartasura Student Islamic Boarding School. The descriptive qualitative method is a method used to explain objects based on reality in the field. The study results indicate that (1) teaching nahwu with the Al-Miftah Lil 'Ulum book is to make it easier for beginner students to understand basic nahwu rules without taking a long time. (2) Learning nahwu using the Al-Miftah Lil 'Ulum book is applied to students with an active learning approach where students play an active role in learning. (3) The characteristics of the application of the Al-Miftah Lil 'Ulum book to students are being able to think critically by analyzing example sentences given during questions and answers, students find it easier to remember the material by singing the Al-Miftah Lil 'Ulum poem, students are freer to ask questions and convey their understanding to their peers through the peer tutoring method. (4) The results of learning nahwu using the Al-Miftah Lil 'Ulum book are that students can understand the basic rules of nahwu in a relatively short time, namely two months.
Effectiveness of the Word Square Model in Improving Arabic Vocabulary Mastery of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Students / فعالية استخدام نموذج Word Square لترقية اكتساب مفردات اللغة العربية بالمدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الحكومية
Authors: Fauzi Putri Awaliah , Zaenuri Muhammad
Published: October 2024

The mastery of Arabic vocabulary (Mufrodat) of students is still relatively low, this is evident when the learning process of students when asked about the meaning of a mufrodat is still many who do not know and do not answer. This can be influenced by several factors, therefore the researcher wants to conduct an experiment using the word square model when learning Arabic. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of using the word square model to improve the mastery of Arabic vocabulary in class VIII B MTs Negeri 2 Surakarta. This study uses a quantitative method of experiments with a one-group pre-test post-test design. The sample in this study is 31 students in class VIIIB. The data collection techniques are tests and documentation. The results of the study show that the word square model is declared effective in increasing vocabulary mastery. This can also be seen from the increase in student learning outcomes before and after the use of the word square model, namely the average score before using the word square 70 and the average after using the word square is 88. Based on the results of the hypothesis test using a paired sample t-test with a significant value result of 0.00 < 0.05. Therefore, Ho was accepted and H1 was rejected. Ho here is that there is an increase in vocabulary mastery in grade VIII B students of MTs Negeri 2 Surakarta.
Energy apprenticeship in High School Students: Questionnaires validation
Authors: Mosquera Lozano Edwin , Idoyaga Ignacio J , Londoño Villamíl Germán
Published: October 2024

Este documento hace parte de los resultados de investigación sobre el uso consciente de los registros semióticos en el aprendizaje de la energía mecánica en estudiantes de la escuela media. Por lo tanto, se parte de un desarrollo teórico donde se enmarca el aprendizaje de le energía mecánica desde una perspectiva amplia y que se sustenta en el uso de distintas herramientas semióticas tales como los diagramas y modelos matemáticos. Luego se analizan las posibilidades que brinda la teoría de los registros de representación semiótica de Duval (TRRS) como una alternativa para configurar propuestas de aprendizaje en física. Desde este trabajo se presenta el proceso de validación de dos cuestionarios C1 para evaluar los niveles de reconocimiento de registros semióticos sobre trabajo y energía y C2 para examinar los niveles de comprensión sobre trabajo mecánico. Según los resultados, los instrumentos que se presentan tienen validez de contenido e interna para que se utilicen en el proceso de análisis de los datos en la investigación correspondiente.
Diseño de un modelo lineal de comportamiento para un anemómetro análogo comparando los métodos de mínimos cuadrados y de interpolación lineal de Newton por diferencias divididas
Authors: Rodríguez González Jose Miguel , Morán Hernández. J , Vargas Oseguera L.L , Terán Soria A
Published: October 2024

El artículo se centra en la importancia de la medición precisa de la velocidad del viento y destaca la relevancia de la estandarización por medio de modelos matemáticos de los anemómetros para garantizar datos confiables en diversos campos, como meteorología, energía eólica, aviación e ingeniería civil. Se describen dos métodos utilizados en el área de modelado matemático como lo son, el Método de Mínimos Cuadrados y el Método de  Diferencias Divididas de Newton. El artículo propone comparar y evaluar el rendimiento de ambos métodos en la estandarización de un anemómetro, considerando aplicaciones, limitaciones y precisión en diferentes condiciones experimentales. Se mencionan estudios anteriores que han demostrado la eficacia de ambosmétodos en distintas áreas. Se presenta una metodología para la comparación detallada de ambos métodos mediante un experimento controlado en un túnel de viento, utilizandoun anemómetro digital calibrado y diferentes condiciones de flujo. Los resultados obtenidos permitirán a los investigadores y profesionales seleccionar el enfoque más adecuado para sus necesidades específicas y mejorar la precisión y confiabilidad de las mediciones de velocidad del viento en diversas aplicaciones prácticas. Es decir, que se busca proporcionar una visión integral de las ventajas y desventajas de los Métodos de Mínimos Cuadrados y Diferencias Divididas de Newton en la estandarización de anemómetros, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de las mediciones en diversas áreas.
Densidad de neutrones estocástica con efectos de temperatura
Authors: Suescún Díaz Daniel , Peña Lara Diego , Betancourt Faiber Robayo
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo, presentamos un enfoque novedoso para calcular la densidad de neutrones con efectos de retroalimentación de temperatura, utilizando el esquema iterativo semi-implícito de Milstein para resolver numéricamente las ecuaciones cinéticas puntuales estocásticas. Nuestro método se valida mediante una serie de experimentos numéricos, empleando 500 trayectorias de movimiento browniano para calcular la media y la desviación estándar en un paso de tiempo seleccionado. Los resultados demuestran que nuestro método proporciona aproximaciones precisas. Por lo tanto, puede utilizarse como método alternativo para el cálculo del valor esperado de la densidad de neutrones, y para determinar el tiempo hasta el pico en el que se produce este máximo, considerando los efectos de la temperatura y los parámetros físicos relevantes para los reactores nucleares.
Ramsar wetlands protected by complementary conservation strategies and natural areas in Colombia
Authors: Vergara Buitrago Paulina Alejandra
Published: October 2024

El ecosistema de humedal tiene un papel vital en la preservación de la biodiversidad, la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos y la conservación del patrimonio cultural y natural. Identificar y proteger eficazmente estos ecosistemas es importante para el desarrollo sostenible y el bienestar de los seres humanos y del ambiente. No se encuentra ningún documento que aborde la temática de distribución espacial de humedales Ramsar en Colombia en jurisdicción de estrategias complementarias de conservación. Razón por la cual, se realizó una revisión de literatura y estudio de la información del Registro Único Nacional de Áreas Protegidas y la Secretaría de la Convención Ramsar, con el fin de definir y estudiar la distribución espacial de los humedales Ramsar por medio de archivos Shapelife analizados en el software ArcGIS Pro. Los resultados muestran que existe una superposición entre los humedales con categoría Ramsar y el Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas de 33,32% que representa 350.667 ha, lo cual indican la necesidad de seguir declarando estrategias complementarias para mantener los valores ecológicos y socioculturales de estos ecosistemas vitales.
Prevalencia de hemorragia post amigdalectomía en niños y adultos
Authors: M S Carranza , G Labedz
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN: La amigdalectomía es el procedimiento más antiguo y frecuente de la Otorrinolaringología. Su realización no está exenta de complicaciones, siendo la más grave la hemorragia del lecho quirúrgico, pudiendo requerir internación y/o reintervención.
OBJETIVO: Determinar prevalencia de sangrado postquirúrgico en pacientes amigdalectomizados con o sin adenoidectomía.
MATERIAL Y METODO: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y descriptivo que se llevó a cabo en el servicio de Otorrinolaringología de la Clínica Universitaria Reina Fabiola y en el que se incluyeron pacientes amigdalectomizados desde el uno de enero del año 2017 al 31 de diciembre del año 2021. Variables del estudio: edad, sexo, presencia de sangrado, el tiempo de aparición del sangrado, la necesidad de reintervención, el motivo de la cirugía, la técnica quirúrgica utilizada y la de hemostasia, de que fosa amigdalina sangraron, si hubo transgresión de medidas higiénico dietéticas o fue un sangrado espontaneo. El análisis estadístico para las variables cuantitativas se calculó medidas de centralización y dispersión (media y desvío estándar), y para las variables categóricas se calcularon las distribuciones absolutas y porcentuales.
RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron un total de 1392 casos, de los cuales 27 (1,94 %) presentaron sangrado. La media de edad de los pacientes fue de 19,7 años, con una desviación estándar (DE) de 11,2 años. De estos pacientes, 18 (66,7 %) eran de sexo masculino. De la totalidad de los casos de sangrado, 22 (81,5 %) fueron desencadenados espontáneamente. El sangrado ocurrió con mayor frecuencia antes de las 48 horas del postoperatorio en 13 (50%) pacientes. Diecisiete (63%) pacientes requirieron reintervención para controlar el sangrado. La técnica quirúrgica de amigdalectomía más utilizada fue la técnica sin utilización de energía térmica.
CONCLUSIÓN: El estudio realizado encontró una prevalencia de sangrado postoperatorio del 1,94 %, especialmente en hombres jóvenes. La mayoría de los sangrados ocurrieron dentro de las primeras 48 horas, requiriendo algunos pacientes reintervención quirúrgica. Las técnicas quirúrgicas más usadas fueron la disección fría y la electrocauterización, empleando compresión, sutura y cauterización bipolar para la hemostasia.
Conocimiento y actitudes frente a fotoprotección solar en adolescentes de 2º y 3º año del ciclo básico unificado de colegios secundarios
Authors: J R Brusa , S C Juarez , A L Gallmann , M N Andrade , S Gomez Zanni , M B D V Papa
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN: Durante la niñez y adolescencia se reciben entre el 60% al 80% de las radiaciones solares a las que nos expondremos en la vida, por lo tanto, todas las medidas de fotoprotección solar (FPS) que se implementen en esas etapas, modificaran el riesgo de fotodaño y cáncer cutáneo en la adultez. Objetivos: Evaluar conocimientos y actitudes frente a métodos de fotoprotección solar (MFPS) en estudiantes adolescentes.
MATERIAL Y METODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, mediante encuesta anónima, voluntaria a estudiantes de 13 a 18 años de edad en escuelas de Córdoba Capital, Argentina, ciudad ubicada a 390 metros sobre el nivel del mar. En el periodo comprendido entre octubre 2.021 a diciembre 2.021.
RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 643 adolescentes. La edad promedio fue de 14,1 años. Se encontró un predominio de fototipo cutáneo III. En relación con los conocimientos sobre MFPS, el 84,6% no sabía el tiempo de acción del FPS. Además 51,2% desconocían que el sol podía producir cáncer de piel o respondieron que no podía producirlo, y 62,4% no sabían que la piel acumula el daño provocado por el sol o dijeron que no lo hacía. De los encuestados 21,3%, dijeron que se ven muy lindos cuando están bronceados y 15,1% lo consideran un signo de buena salud.
CONCLUSIÓN: Encontramos un claro déficit de las actitudes y conocimientos de los adolescentes con respecto a los MFPS, por lo que la presente investigación debe ser un punto de partida para incentivar estrategias en la prevención del cáncer de piel orientado a la fotoeducación en edad escolar.
The effect of weather conditions, soil type and sowing density on the productivity of maize
Authors: Zivanovic Ljubisa , Golijan-Pantovic Jelena , Stojkovic Dragan , Kolaric Ljubisa , Ikanovic Jela , Kolasinac Stefan
Published: October 2024

High maize yields can only be achieved on fertile, loose and well-permeable
soils. Previous research indicates that novel maize hybrids respond
favorably to higher crop density. The aim of this study was to investigate
the influence of meteorological conditions, soil type and seeding density on
cob length, number of grain rows on the cob, number of sterile plants, grain
yield and grain water content of the maize hybrid AS 6E02 (FAO 620) during
the growing season. The tests were carried out during 2017 and 2018 through
field micro-experiments in the agroecological conditions of the Vranje
municipality using the split-plot design with four replications on eutric
cambisol, vertisol and alluvium soils. The area of the plot for grain yield
was 8.4 m2. The agronomic practices used in the experiment were standard, as
for regular maize production. The years in which the surveys were conducted
differed in terms of meteorological conditions, the amount and distribution
of precipitation. The smallest average cob length (17.6 cm) for all
investigated soils and years was obtained with the narrow-row sowing. The
number of grain rows did not vary significantly depending on the sowing
density. On a two-year average, the grain yield was significantly higher,
influenced by the type of soil in relation to the sowing density. On average
for soil types and years, the lowest percentage of sterile plants (1.90%)
was found at the sowing density of 75.187 plants per ha. In comparison to
2017, the water content was higher by 8.5 index points in 2018.
Risk factors and preventive measures for abnormal blood pressure during hemodialysis filtration for patients with sepsis
Authors: Zhang Chunfang , Lin Tingting , Xia Yu , Zhang Daowei
Published: October 2024

Background/Aim. Hemodialysis filtration (HDF) plays an extremely important
role in treating patients with sepsis and subsequent acute renal failure.
However, abnormal blood pressure (ABP) during HDF badly influences the
prognosis and increases all-cause mortality in patients with sepsis. The aim
of the study was to investigate risk factors and preventive measures of ABP
during HDF for patients with sepsis. Methods. A total of 145 patients with
sepsis undergoing HDF were included in this study, and they were divided into
two groups: the normal blood pressure (NBP) group (n = 89) and the ABP group
(n = 56). Their clinical data were collected, and the independent influencing
factors for ABP during HDF were assessed by univariate and multivariate
logistic regression analyses. A nomogram model for prediction was constructed
based on the results of multivariate analysis, and its discrimination and
consistency were assessed using receiver operating characteristic and
calibration curves. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival
curve to evaluate the prognosis 28 days after HDF. Results. Multivariate
logistic regression analysis revealed that age, blood calcium, fasting plasma
glucose, intact parathyroid hormone, ultrafiltration volume, and
ultrafiltration rate were independent risk factors, whereas albumin was a
protective factor for ABP during HDF (p < 0.05). The nomogram model exhibited
a good fitting effect, with high discrimination and accuracy. Kaplan-Meier
survival analysis showed that the NBP group had a significantly higher 28-
day survival rate than that of ABP (88.76% vs. 73.21%) (p < 0.05).
Conclusion. The constructed risk model is suitable for identifying high-risk
groups and provides a reference for effective prevention and treatment, to
lower the incidence rate of ABP and improve the prognosis.
Characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus-1 influencing the development and efficacy of anti-HIV-1 vaccines
Authors: Bozic Dragana , Arsenovic-Ranin Nevena , Jancic Ivan , Antic-Stankovic Jelena , Milenkovic Marina , Vasilev Sasa , Bufan Biljana
Published: October 2024

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Sleep Irregularity and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: A Device-Based Prospective Study in Adults
Authors: Chaput Jean-Philippe , Biswas Raaj Kishore , Ahmadi Matthew , Cistulli Peter A. , Sabag Angelo , St-Onge Marie-Pierre , Stamatakis Emmanuel
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE

To prospectively examine the association between device-measured sleep regularity and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a population-based sample of adults. We also examined if meeting sleep duration recommendations attenuated or eliminated the effects of irregular sleep on T2D.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a prospective cohort study of adults aged 40–79 years participating in the UK Biobank accelerometer substudy. Participants wore wrist-attached accelerometers for a duration of 7 days, which was used to compute the Sleep Regularity Index (SRI). Participants were categorized as irregular (SRI <71.6), moderately irregular (SRI between 71.6 and 87.3), and regular (SRI >87.3) sleepers. T2D diagnosis was obtained through self-reports and health records.

RESULTS

We analyzed data from 73,630 individuals observed for 8 years, without a history of T2D and without an event in the first year of follow-up. Compared with regular sleepers, irregular (hazard ratio [HR] 1.38; 95% CI 1.20–1.59) and moderately irregular sleepers (HR 1.35; 95% CI 1.19–1.53) were at higher risk of T2D incidence. Dose-response analyses treating SRI as a continuous measure showed higher T2D incidence with SRI scores <80. Meeting current sleep duration recommendations did not counteract the adverse effects of irregular (HR 1.35; 95% CI 1.09–1.66) or moderately irregular (HR 1.29; 95% CI 1.08–1.54) sleep on T2D incidence.

CONCLUSIONS

Moderate and high sleep irregularity were deleteriously associated with T2D risk, even in participants who slept ≥7 h per night. Future sleep interventions will need to pay more attention to consistency in bedtimes and wake-up times, in addition to sleep duration and quality.