bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFECTIVIDAD DE UN PROGRAMA MOTIVACIONAL PARA MEJORAR EL DESEMPEÑO LABORAL DEL DOCENTE EN LOS INSTITUTOS DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR DE PUCALLPA, 2012
Authors: Díaz Panduro Hugo Guillermo , Díaz Avalos Hugo , Díaz Panduro Walker
Published: January 2020

RESUMEN Los institutos de educación superior se constituyen en un escenario de interacción y formación social para muchos estudiantes, por ello, es necesario poner una mirada al desempeño del docente, el cual es determinado por una serie de aspectos a evaluar. Estudio desarrollado con el objetivo de determinar la efectividad del programa motivacional para mejorar el desempeño laboral del docente en los institutos de educación superior de Pucallpa, 2012. Respecto a la metodología, el estudio fue experimental, de diseño pre experimental, longitudinal y prospectivo, el estudio se realizó en los docentes de los institutos de educación superior de Pucallpa. El instrumento que se utilizó para la recolección de datos fue el cuestionario de tipo Likert con 49 ítems de respuestas múltiples con asignación de valor. Teniendo como población muestral a 89 docentes. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva e inferencial con uso del software Excel y SPSS 19. Los resultados indicaron que el nivel de desempeño laboral, en el pre test, de los docentes de los institutos de educación superior de Pucallpa es Excelente en 72 de ellos, el cual representa el 80.8%; 17 poseen un nivel Bueno el cual representa el 19.2% del total de la muestra; y ningún docente presenta el nivel Deficiente. En cuanto al pos test, 79 de ellos presentan un nivel Excelente el cual representa el 88.7%; 10 poseen un nivel Bueno el cual representa el 11.3% del total de la muestra; y ningún docente presenta el nivel Deficiente. A la luz de los resultados, se llega a la conclusión de que el programa motivacional mejora significativamente el desempeño laboral del docente en los institutos de educación superior de Pucallpa, su efectividad se determinó mediante el estadístico de prueba de McNemar, donde se obtuvo p = 0,016, por lo que se toma la decisión de aceptar la hipótesis planteada. PALABRAS CLAVE: Motivación, desempeño laboral, programa motivacional.
GUÍA DE LOS FUNDAMENTOS PARA LA DIRECCIÓN DE PROYECTOS (PMBOK) EN LA GESTION DE PROYECTOS DE DESARROLLO DE SOFTWARE EN EL PROYECTO ESPECIAL CORAH
Authors: Ponce López David Alfonso , Flores Saldaña León Esteban , Bollet Ramírez Frank
Published: January 2020

La investigación tuvo como objetivo el determinar que la guía de los fundamentos para la dirección de proyectos (PMBOK), mejora la gestión de proyectos de desarrollo de software en el Proyecto Especial CORAH. La gestión de los proyectos informáticos y en especial la gestión de los proyectos de desarrollo de software actualmente se han convertido en una de las actividades más importantes al que dedica un Gestor de Tecnologías de Información en las empresas públicas y privadas. Actualmente, el Proyecto Especial CORAH mediante la Oficina de Centro de Cómputo de la Dirección de Administración tiene como actividad principal el Desarrollo de Software, pero la gestión inadecuada trae como consecuencia los continuos reclamos de los usuarios y directivos. Por tanto, se propone un modelo de Gestión de Proyectos de Desarrollo de Software utilizando PMBOK para mejorar la gestión de dichos proyectos informáticos y sirvan como modelo para cualquier tipo de empresa. Finalmente, los resultados de esta investigación muestran que la aplicación del PMBOK mejora la gestión de proyecto de desarrollo de software en el Proyecto Especial CORAH. PALABRAS CLAVE: Mejorar, Gestión, Proyecto, Software.
EDUCACIÓN FINANCIERA Y NIVEL DE ENDEUDAMIENTO DE LOS COLABORADORES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE ICA, 2018
Authors: Meneses Jiménez José Ángel , Quispe Peña Humberto
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo se sustenta en un estudio efectuado con el objetivo de determinar la relación entre la educación financiera y el nivel de endeudamiento de los trabajadores de la Universidad Autónoma de Ica en el año 2018, para lo cual se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo, de corte transversal con diseño descriptivo correlacional. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por todos los trabajadores de la entidad (n=50) a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta para el recojo de datos, constituida por 20 reactivos. Los resultados con respecto a la Educación Financiera refieren que los encuestados casi siempre toman en cuenta los riesgos del crédito financiero tomando medidas de prevención; asimismo, en cuanto al nivel de endeudamiento, la población de estudio ha referido que planifica sus créditos financieros, aunque sus ingresos mensuales no le alcanzan para ahorrar, pero sí para pagar sus deudas. Finalmente, el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman alcanza un valor altamente significativo para declarar la relación estadística entre las variables educación financiera y nivel de endeudamiento (r = .909). Se concluye que la educación financiera determina tácitamente los riesgos financieros de los colaboradores de la entidad. Se recomienda a la entidad priorizar el desarrollo de talleres en torno a la educación financiera, ya que actualmente muchos de los colaboradores no miden las consecuencias del riesgo financiero cuando realizan algún préstamo o emplean tarjetas de créditos. PALABRAS CLAVES: Educación financiera; endeudamiento; riesgo financiero.
INFLUENCIA DE LA GESTIÓN DE PROCESOS EN LA CALIDAD DEL SERVICIO DE UNA EMPRESA DE BAÑOS SAUNA EN HUANCAYO - PERÚ
Authors: Chenet Zuta Manuel Enrique , Bollet Ramírez Frank , Vargas Espinoza Jorge Luis , Canchari Fierro Yoselyn Erika
Published: January 2020

El estudio tuvo como objeto determinar la influencia de la gestión de procesos implementada por una empresa de baños sauna, ubicada en Huancayo – Perú, en la calidad de su servicio. El estudio fue básico, mixto, alcance descriptivo y diseño correlacional causal. En el componente cuantitativo, la gestión de procesos fue medida con una escala Likert, la evaluación de la calidad del servicio se hizo por medio del modelo ServPerf. Se consideraron dos poblaciones, 40 clientes externos y tres clientes internos. En el componente cualitativo, se aplicaron fichas de observación a 14 empresas competidoras y guías de entrevista a cinco expertos en Marketing. Se obtuvo un coeficiente r de Pearson de 0.77 y una R2 de 0.58, p_valor < 0.05. Se determinó que la gestión de procesos explica 59% de la variación en la calidad del servicio. Se recomendó implementar un sistema de gestión de la calidad fundamentado en la ISO 9001:2008 y la metodología CRM, capacitación para el personal y seguimiento a los competidores.
CINÉTICA, COEFICIENTE DE DIFUSIVIDAD Y CONTENIDO DE ANTOCIANINAS EN LA DESHIDRATACIÓN OSMÓTICA DE FRAMBUESA HERITAGE (RUBUS IDAEUS)
Authors: Elías Silupu Jorge Wilmer , Rivas Plata Cecilia Edith , Auris Silvera Celia Rocio , Pérez Salcedo Ronald
Published: January 2020

El fruto de frambuesa (Rubus idaeus) esampliamente conocido como fresa del bosquepero muy poco aprovechado industrialmente. Ental sentido el objetivo del trabajo de investigaciónfue determinar la influencia de la concentraciónde sacarosa y contenido de antocianinas en ladeshidratación osmótica de frambuesa, para locual se calculó el coeficiente de difusividad efectivamediante el modelo de Crank. En consecuencia, setrabajó con un diseño de investigación de 2 nivelesde concentración (50 y 60 °Brix) con 3 niveles decalor (40, 50 y 60 °C) analizando todas las muestraspor triplicado, encontrándose como valor máximode disminución de peso y disminución de aguatrabajando a una calor de 60 °C y concentración de60 °Brix, asimismo el nivel más alto de ganancia desólidos solubles fue estudiando a una calor de 60 °Cy concentración de 50 °Brix. Por otra parte el valormáximo calculado para la difusividad efectiva desacarosa fue 4.05E-10 m2/s para un n=1 comparandoa una calor de 40°C y concentración de 50 °Brix. Espreciso señalar que el contenido de antocianinas sedeterminó cuando la frambuesa alcanzó su equilibrioosmótico, registrándose el máximo valor delcontenido de antocianinas de 67.42 mg cianidina-3glucósido/100 gr de muestra a una calor de 40 °Ccon una concentración de 50°Brix. Finalmente elanálisis de varianza con valores-P menor a 0.05muestra un efecto significativo entre los factores deconcentración de sacarosa y calor sobre la cinéticade deshidratado osmótico con un 95% de nivel deconfianza.
GESTIÓN EDUCATIVA Y DESEMPEÑO DOCENTE EN INSTITUCIONES EDUCATIVAS DEL NIVEL SECUNDARIO ZONA URBANA DEL DISTRITO DE YARINCOCHA, UCAYALI, 2013
Authors: Sifuentes Rosales Adrian Marcelo
Published: January 2020

Para desarrollar el trabajo de investigación seha planteado, la interrogante ¿Cuál es la relaciónentre gestión educativa y desempeño docente eninstituciones educativas del nivel secundario zonaurbana del distrito de Yarinacocha, Ucayali, 2013?,para ello se tuvo como objetivo de investigación,Determinar la relación entre gestión educativa ydesempeño docente en instituciones educativasdel nivel secundario zona urbana del distrito deYarinacocha, Ucayali, 2013, el tipo de estudio fueno experimental y aplicada, diseño de estudio fuecorrelacional, para lo cual se seleccionó una muestrade tamaño 113 de una población de 208 docentesde instituciones educativas de nivel secundario, aquienes se les aplicó un cuestionario, consistentede 30 ítems sobre la variable Gestión educativay 20 ítems sobre la variable Desempeño docente,concluyendo que existe relación directa significativaentre gestión Educativa y Desempeño Docente
A Retrospective Observational Study to Estimate the Attrition of Patients across Lines of Systemic Treatment for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in Canada
Authors: Kennecke Hagen , Berry S. , Maroun J. , Kavan P. , Aucoin N. , Couture F. , Poulin-Costello M. , Gillesby B.
Published: January 2020

Background: Selection and sequencing of treatment regimens for individual patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mcrc) is driven by maintaining reasonable quality of life and extending survival, as well as by access to and cost of therapies. The objectives of the present study were to describe, for patients with mcrc, attrition across lines of systemic therapy, patterns of therapy and their timing, and KRAS status. Methods: A retrospective chart review at 6 Canadian academic centres included sequential patients who were diagnosed with mcrc from 1 January 2009 onward and who initiated first-line systemic treatment for mcrc between 1 January and 31 December 2009. Death was included as a competing risk in the analysis. Results: The analysis included 200 patients who started first-line therapy. The proportions of patients who started second-, third-, and fourth-line systemic therapy were 70%, 30%, and 15% respectively. Chemotherapy plus bevacizumab was the most common first-line combination (66%). The most common first-line regimen was folfiri plus bevacizumab. KRAS testing was performed in 103 patients (52%), and 38 of 68 patients (56%, 19% overall) with confirmed KRAS wild-type tumours received an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (egfri), which was more common in later lines. Most KRAS testing occurred after initiation of second-line therapy. Conclusions: In the modern treatment era, a high proportion of patients receive at least two lines of therapy for mcrc, but only 19% receive egfri therapy. Earlier KRAS testing and therapy with an egfri might allow a greater proportion of patients to access all 5 active treatment agents.
Re: Countercurrents: Is Now the Right Time to Pull the Plug on Mammography?
Authors: Coldman Andrew
Published: January 2020

We read with interest the recent commentary by Professor Steven Narod on mammography breast screening [...]
Erratum: Current and Emerging Biomarkers in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Lee M. K. C. , Loree J. M.
Published: January 2020

In the initially published manuscript, the article stated (about the BEACON clinical trial) that “Interestingly, the triplet did not appear more active than the combination of encorafenib and binimetinib (mos: 9.0 months vs. 8.4 months; HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.06).” [...]
Light-controllable dithienylethene-modified cyclic peptides: photoswitching the in vivo toxicity in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Afonin Sergii , Babii Oleg , Reuter Aline , Middel Volker , Takamiya Masanari , Strähle Uwe , Komarov Igor V , Ulrich Anne S
Published: January 2020

This study evaluates the embryotoxicity of dithienylethene-modified peptides upon photoswitching, using 19 analogues based on the β-hairpin scaffold of the natural membranolytic peptide gramicidin S. We established an in vivo assay in two variations (with ex vivo and in situ photoisomerization), using larvae of the model organism Danio rerio, and determined the toxicities of the peptides in terms of 50% lethal doses (LD50). This study allowed us to: (i) demonstrate the feasibility of evaluating peptide toxicity with D. rerio larvae at 3–4 days post fertilization, (ii) determine the phototherapeutic safety windows for all peptides, (iii) demonstrate photoswitching of the whole-body toxicity for the dithienylethene-modified peptides in vivo, (iv) re-analyze previous structure–toxicity relationship data, and (v) select promising candidates for potential clinical development.
Atmospheric Characterization and Further Orbital Modeling of κ Andromeda b
Authors: Uyama Taichi , Currie Thayne , Hori Yasunori , De Rosa Robert J. , Mede Kyle , Brandt Timothy D. , Kwon Jungmi , Guyon Olivier , Lozi Julien , Jovanovic Nemanja , Martinache Frantz , Kudo Tomoyuki , Tamura Motohide , Kasdin N. Jeremy , Groff Tyler , Chilcote Jeffrey , Hayashi Masahiko , McElwain Michael W. , Asensio-Torres Ruben , Janson Markus , Knapp Gillian R. , Serabyn Eugene
Published: January 2020

We present κ Andromeda b’s photometry and astrometry taken with Subaru/SCExAO+HiCIAO and Keck/NIRC2, combined with recently published SCExAO/CHARIS low-resolution spectroscopy and published thermal infrared photometry to further constrain the companion’s atmospheric properties and orbit. The Y/Y−K colors of κ And b are redder than field dwarfs, consistent with its youth and lower gravity. Empirical comparisons of its Y-band photometry and CHARIS spectrum to a large spectral library of isolated field dwarfs reaffirm the conclusion from Currie et al. that it likely has a low gravity but admit a wider range of most plausible spectral types (L0–L2). Our gravitational classification also suggests that the best-fit objects for κ And b may have lower gravity than those previously reported. Atmospheric models lacking dust/clouds fail to reproduce its entire 1–4.7 μm spectral energy distribution (SED), and cloudy atmosphere models with temperatures of ∼1700–2000 K better match κ And b data. Most well-fitting model comparisons favor 1700–1900 K, a surface gravity of log(g) ∼ 4–4.5, and a radius of 1.3–1.6 R
Jup; the best-fit model (Drift-Phoenix) yields the coolest and lowest-gravity values: T
eff = 1700 K and log g = 4.0. An update to κ And b’s orbit with ExoSOFT using new astrometry spanning 7 yr reaffirms its high eccentricity (0.77 ± 0.08). We consider a scenario where unseen companions are responsible for scattering κ And b to a wide separation and high eccentricity. If three planets, including κ And b, were born with coplanar orbits, and one of them was ejected by gravitational scattering, a potential inner companion with mass ≳10 M
Jup could be located at ≲25 au.
Hypoglossal Facial Nerve Anastomosis for Post-Operative and Post-Traumatic Complete Facial Nerve Paralysis
Authors: Elkatatny Amr Abdelmonam Abdelaziz M. , Abdallah Hany Abdelrahim Abdelrazik , Ghoraba Dina , Amer Tarek Ahmed , Hamdy Tarek
Published: January 2020

AIM: This study aims to evaluate the outcome of patients with complete facial paralysis following surgery to cerebellopontine angle tumours or following traumatic petrous bone fractures after reanimation by hypoglossal-facial anastomosis as regards clinical improvement of facial asymmetry and facial muscle contractility as well as complications associated with hypoglossal-facial reanimation procedure.
METHODS: This thesis included a prospective study to be carried out on 15 patients with unilateral complete lower motor neuron facial paralysis (11 patients after cerebellopontine angle tumour resection and 4 patients after traumatic transverse petrous bone fracture) operated upon by end to end hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis in Cairo university hospitals in the period between June 2015 and January 2017.
RESULTS: At one year follow up the improvement of facial nerve functions were as follows: Three cases (20%) had improved to House Hrackmann grade II, eleven cases (73.33%) had improved to grade III, and one patient (6.66%) had improved to House Brackmann grade IV.
CONCLUSION: Despite the various techniques in facial reanimation following facial nerve paralysis, the end to end hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis remains the gold standard procedure with satisfying results in cases of the viable distal facial stump and non-atrophic muscles. Early hypoglossal-facial anastomotic repair after acute facial nerve injury is associated with better long-term facial function outcomes and should be considered in the management algorithm.
Planejamento estratégico: um estudo de caso da prefeitura municipal de Goioxim
Authors: Ferreira de Morais Daniele Aparecida , Zampier Marcia Aparecida , Stefano Silvio Roberto
Published: January 2020

Este estudo buscou aprofundar os conhecimentos referentes ao Planejamento Estratégico na esfera municipal, cujo objetivo principal foi de analisar como a equipe gestora organiza as ações desenvolvidas na prefeitura municipal de Goioxim, estado do Paraná, sobre quais são as leis atuais utilizadas e as possibilidades de implementar o PE articulado ao desenvolvimento sustentável. A metodologia utilizada foi revisão de bibliografia, análise das leis municipais e entrevistas com 7 pessoas, incluindo funcionários públicos, gestores e munícipes, caracterizando-se como estudo qualitativo com análise de conteúdo e um dado quantitativo, através de um gráfico para demonstrar a quantidade de leis aprovadas nesses 22 anos de emancipação. O estudo demonstrou que todos os entrevistados reconhecem a importância do planejamento, no entanto, este é centralizado principalmente no setor de planejamento e financeiro, também ocorreu a contratação de empresas para realização do plano diretor que está desatualizado, o documento existente é de 2007. Constatou-se que os entrevistados desconhecem os planos setoriais vigentes e que há pouca participação nos conselhos municipais e nas audiências públicas. Além disso, os gestores entrevistados não têm domínio da legislação vigente.
Análise da vegetação a partir de dados de sensoriamento remoto multitemporal no município de Pato Branco-PR
Authors: Kunen Adriana , Tabalipa Ney Lyzandro , Sabbi Volmir
Published: January 2020

A expansão urbana no município de Pato Branco no Paraná tem ocorrido de forma desordenada. Para melhor diagnosticar essa expansão entre os anos de 1980 e 2016, realizou-se um estudo do comportamento da vegetação do município por meio do uso de mosaico de fotografias aéreas (1980), imagens de satélite QuickBird (2005) e Pleiades (2016). Utilizando-se conjunto de dados e análise multitemporal foi possível realizar o mapeamento da cobertura vegetal do município ao longo do tempo, gerando informações que podem subsidiar o planejamento. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram que a área da cobertura vegetal do município de Pato Branco não reduziu entre os anos de 1980 e 2005. Em 1980 havia uma cobertura 20% (11,68 km²) da área total urbana, em 2005 este índice passou para 26,7% (15,55 km²), e no ano de 2016 o índice decaiu em 2,37% passando para 24,33% (14,17 km²). Em todos os períodos analisados o ICV, ficou abaixo do recomendável que é em torno de 30%.  As dificuldades enfrentadas para o avanço da cobertura vegetal do município de Pato Branco e consequentemente dos ICV entre 1980 e 2016, podem ser explicadas pelo elevado crescimento populacional do Município, o equivalente a 140%.
L’émergence et le développement des plateformes digitales : les enseignements de la théorie économique de la firme
Authors: Autenne Alexia , De Ghellinck Élisabeth
Published: January 2020

Partant de l’idée que les plateformes digitales sont des choix organisationnels, cette contribution apporte des éléments de réponse aux questions suivantes. Les théories contemporaines de la firme, et singulièrement l’approche de la firme comme intermédiaire, peuvent-elles expliquer la naissance et le développement des plateformes digitales ? En quoi les opérateurs de plateforme digitale diffèrent-ils des firmes hiérarchiques traditionnelles ? Les opérateurs de plateforme digitale purs doivent-ils être distingués des opérateurs de plateforme agrégateurs de données ? Quelles sont les conséquences normatives de ces interrogations ?
Les plateformes : assureurs du XXI e siècle ?
Authors: Trescases Anne
Published: January 2020

Alors que l’assurance a d’abord constitué un enjeu important pour les plateformes en raison de la confiance qu’elle insuffle aux utilisateurs, la multiplication des plateformes a ensuite obligé les assureurs à entreprendre, en collaboration avec des acteurs spécialisés, leur transformation digitale, afin de maintenir leur compétitivité. Le modèle économique des plateformes numériques et les écosystèmes qui s’y construisent présentent encore d’indéniables avantages pour les assureurs en termes de croissance et de création de valeur, mais la stratégie big data de ces plateformes peut aussi laisser craindre qu’elles deviennent les assureurs de demain.
Bonnes pratiques contractuelles et protection des consommateurs dans l’économie collaborative
Authors: Voinot Denis , Fortunato Aurélien
Published: January 2020

Au-delà de la rencontre entre pairs, les plateformes numériques du secteur de l’économie collaborative proposent un service plus large. Il en résulte une construction contractuelle complexe, faite de plusieurs intervenants, professionnels ou simples pairs. La description de cette construction dans les conditions générales intéresse peu le consommateur qui recherche un produit ou un service sur ces plateformes. Il a pourtant besoin d’être protégé. Aujourd’hui, les interventions législatives garantissent une protection du consommateur dans sa relation avec la plateforme. Cela impose une distinction parfois difficile au sein d’une transaction collaborative entre ce qui relève de la plateforme, ce qui relève d’un autre professionnel et ce qui relève d’un pair. Une intervention législative européenne pourrait prendre en compte la spécificité de la relation contractuelle collaborative en recourant à la notion de non-professionnel pour qualifier le fournisseur collaboratif, ce qui le sortirait de la catégorie des consommateurs dans sa relation avec un pair. Pour autant, la mise en place de bonnes pratiques apparaît aussi comme permettant une protection accrue des utilisateurs des plateformes. Les pouvoirs publics incitent à la mise en place de telles pratiques, qui permet aussi aux plateformes de participer à leur propre régulation. Les initiatives volontaires comme la normalisation peuvent également apporter leur contribution, de même que les initiatives académiques, comme celle que propose l’Équipe René Demogue de l’Université de Lille, à travers son site Internet dédié.
Plateformes numériques : développements récents en matière fiscale
Authors: Lamensch Marie , Traversa Edoardo
Published: January 2020

Les plateformes sont devenues des actrices incontournables du secteur de l’e-commerce. Elles ont également joué un rôle de catalyseur dans le développement du secteur de « l’économie du partage ». Leur soumission aux impôts dont les entreprises sont traditionnellement redevables (impôt sur les revenus et TVA) présente aujourd’hui de nouveaux défis. En matière d’impôts sur les revenus, force est de constater que l’évolution du cadre existant, unanimement considéré comme dépassé par rapport à la digitalisation de l’économie, car laissant la porte ouverte à de nombreuses stratégies d’évitement, est très lente et se heurte à de nombreux obstacles juridiques et politiques, que ce soit au niveau international ou même au sein de l’Union européenne. En ce qui concerne la TVA, la situation est plus nuancée, car les plateformes représentent désormais des alliées de choix pour les gouvernements dans le cadre de la protection de leurs recettes TVA, ce qui ne va toutefois pas sans poser de multiples questions juridiques et pratiques. Dans le domaine de l’économie du partage, de nombreuses questions demeurent également ouvertes quant au traitement TVA qu’il convient de réserver aux échanges et autres transactions qui se concluent entre particuliers ainsi qu’au rôle que les plateformes pourraient éventuellement être amenées à jouer dans le cadre de la perception de la taxe.
Rêver, interpréter, lire dans Roderick Random
Authors: Rouhette Anne
Published: January 2020

Cet article s’intéresse à l’incipit de Roderick Random (1748), premier roman de Smollett, qui s’ouvre par le récit d’un rêve prémonitoire quelques pages après une préface qui s’en prend violemment à l’idée même de divination, ou « nécromancie ». En comparant ce rêve à d’autres passages du roman puis en le contrastant avec la vision du rêve et de la divination que propose Peregrine Pickle (1751), je cherche à mettre en lumière la spécificité d’un récit qui ne me semble ni parodique ni satirique. Smollett s’appuie en effet ici sur des codes tragiques et surtout bibliques pour proposer une véritable conception de la lecture et de l’écriture fictionnelle.
La vierge, la sorcière et le magistrat
Authors: Bernard Nathalie
Published: January 2020

Elizabeth Canning, jeune domestique londonienne, fut portée disparue en janvier 1753 et prétendit avoir été séquestrée par Mary Squires, une bohémienne, dans la maison dʼune proxénète notoire. Écrivain et magistrat, Henry Fielding s’impliqua en sa faveur, mais lʼinvraisemblance du récit de Canning et les témoignages en faveur de Squires éveillèrent les soupçons du juge et lord-maire Sir Crisp Gascoyne, qui la fit condamner pour parjure en 1754 et déporter en Amérique. Fielding publia A Clear State of the Case of Elizabeth Canning en avril 1753 afin de faire la lumière sur les éléments du dossier. Toutefois, mu par sa compassion envers Canning, Fielding reprenait partiellement les figures de la vierge et de la sorcière omniprésentes dans le traitement médiatique de lʼaffaire, rapprochant les deux femmes de personnages fictionnels, tout en envisageant avec réticence lʼéventualité que la folie ou le vice puissent se dissimuler sous le masque de l’idéal féminin contemporain.
Desperately Seeking Therapies for Cerebral Malaria
Authors: Riggle Brittany A. , Miller Louis H. , Pierce Susan K.
Published: January 2020

Malaria is a deadly infectious disease caused by parasites of the Plasmodium spp. that takes an estimated 435,000 lives each year, primarily among young African children. For most children, malaria is a febrile illness that resolves with time, but in ∼1% of cases, for reasons we do not understand, malaria becomes severe and life threatening. Cerebral malaria (CM) is the most common form of severe malaria, accounting for the vast majority of childhood deaths from malaria despite highly effective antiparasite chemotherapy. Thus, CM is one of the most prevalent lethal brain diseases, and one for which we have no effective therapy. CM is, in part, an immune-mediated disease, and to fully understand CM, it is essential to appreciate the complex relationship between the malarial parasite and the human immune system. In this study, we provide a primer on malaria for immunologists and, in this context, review progress identifying targets for therapeutic intervention.
Origin and Differentiation of Nerve-Associated Macrophages
Authors: Kolter Julia , Kierdorf Katrin , Henneke Philipp
Published: January 2020

The mature peripheral nervous system is a steady network structure yet shows remarkable regenerative properties. The interaction of peripheral nerves with myeloid cells has largely been investigated in the context of damage, following trauma or infection. Recently, specific macrophages dedicated to homeostatic peripheral nerves have come into focus. These macrophages are defined by tissue and nerve type, are seeded in part prenatally, and self-maintain via proliferation. Thus, they are markedly distinct from monocyte-derived macrophages invading after local disturbance of nerve integrity. The phenotypic and transcriptional adaptation of macrophages to the discrete nervous niche may exert axon guidance and nerve regeneration and thus contribute to the stability of the peripheral nervous network. Deciphering these conserved macrophage–nerve interactions offers new translational perspectives for chronic diseases of the peripheral nervous system, such as diabetic neuropathy and pain.
Effect of Air Pollution on Leaf Traits of Three Tree Species Growing in the Industrial Zone of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Toukhy Al-Toukhy
Published: January 2020

Effect of air pollution in the industrial area of Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia on three tree species Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora), Henna (Lawsonia inermis), and Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spectabilis) has been studied with special reference to characteristics of leaves. These plant species were chosen because they are common and in the industrial and control areas. leaf area, number of stomata, stomata length and width and stomata pore width and length of these plant species were investigated. The results of this study with all trees species showed significant decrease in plant leaf area and stomata number in the industrial zone comparing with the control area. The results of those tree species indicated marked alteration in epidermal traits, with increased stomata length and width and stomata pore width and length collected from industrial site than those from control site. These changes in the leaf area and epidermal traits could be as indicator of environmental stress and can be recommended in the industrial areas for the early detection of air pollution.
Effect of Water Salinity on Seeds Germination of Sterile Oat (Avena sterilis) and Rigid Rye Grass (Lolium rigidum) at Constant or Alternating Temperatures
Authors: Khalid S. Alshallash Khalid S. Alshallash
Published: January 2020

Sterile oat (Avena sterilis) and rigid rye grass (Lolium rigidum) are well known grasses in many parts of the world. They grow in grasslands and arable lands. Both are recorded as serious weeds of arable lands in many countries worldwide. Seeds germination of both species were tested at four levels of water salinity concentrations (0, 100, 300, 500 mM/L of NaCl) and five different temperatures (Constant at 8 C ° or alternating temperatures of; 8/16, 10/18, 6/14, 10/20 C?). Photoperiods regime of 8 hours darkness and 16 hours of light at the constant temperature was implemented. The same was followed with the alternating temperatures with 8 hours darkness at the lower temperature and 16 hours light with the higher temperature. A. sterilis seeds showed better germination with high significance of (? 00.1) than L. rigidum seeds at all tested treatments. The mean number of germinated seeds of A. sterilis was (6) out of (20) seeds /petri dish whereas, it was nearly (3) geminated seeds with L. rigidum. Both species secured the highest germination percentage at level of alternating temperatures of (10/20 C °) with 40% (mean number of germinated seeds was 8 out of 20 seeds / petri dish) for A. sterilis and 25% (5 out of 20 seeds / petri dish) for L. rigidum. Although A. sterilis seeds showed some germination (25%) at constant temperatures of (8 C°), L. rigidum seeds were less in favorite of this climatic condition expressing its response to alternating temperatures. Generally, A. sterilis seeds showed better germination responses than L. rigidum seeds at all different level of tested temperatures. Moreover, A. sterilis seeds resist water salinity as high as 100 mM of NaCl/L and showed almost 50 % germination especially at its favorite alternating temperature of (10/20 C °). L. rigidum seeds also showed some resistance to 100 mM/L of NaCl giving about 35 % germination. However, both species gave poor germination at higher levels of water salinity of 300 and 500 mM of NaCl/L concentrations. Results confirmed that both species seeds germination are in favorite of moderate alternating temperatures condition expressing some resistance to water salinity. This explains both species invasion and persistence in arable lands being reported a serious weedy plant species especially in a Mediterranean climate and subtropical conditions. In addition those results showed some of the two species seed biological aspects, which could contribute to a better control practice of the two species in arable lands.
New Record of Pseudodistoma arborescens Millar, 1967a (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in the Red Sea with Some Notes on the Cytotoxic Activity of the Alkaloid Content on MCF-7 Cell Lines
Authors: Abdulmohsin Abdullah Al-Sofyani Abdulmohsin Abdullah Al-Sofyani
Published: January 2020

The ascidian, Pseudodistomaarborescens, is reported for the first time in the Saudi Arabian water of the Red Sea. It is found to be an important component of the coral reefs at a water depth of 6-13 meter of Janabiyat Island, Doga area (19° 46? 09.14???? N, 40° 34? 16.33?????E) in December 2014. The species is redescribed and briefly its cytotoxic activity was tested. The anti-proliferative activity of the alkaloid content of Pseudodistoma arborescens has been evaluated against the MCF-7 cell line; showed IC50 value of 0.70 ± 0.01 mg/L.
Natural Mix Algae Possible Source of Renewable Energy, Environmental friendly Bio-hydrogen
Authors: Muhammad Saleem Muhammad Muhammad Saleem Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Present study is an attempt to explore natural mix algae as a source of bio-hydrogen which is a renewable and environmental friendly clean fuel. Idea is to produce hydrogen in two stages; in first stage algae biomass is grown in light, oxygen and carbon source. In the second stage grown algae produce hydrogen in the absence of light, oxygen and sulfur. Results obtained during study showing that by using natural mix algae hydrogen up to 520 ml/l of algae biomass can be produce in one cycle. However, hydrogen gas can be produced in sufficient quantity up to three cycles. Biological hydrogen production with unicellular mix algae, found to be a promising area of research and conceptual by nature in the laboratory. This process needs to be explored more to prove the ability to use at commercial level. Still much work is required as to make process more economical and practical.
The Trend of Occupational Accidents and Their Under-Reporting Estimations in the Factories of Pakistan; 1993-2009
Authors: Mohsin Abbas Mohsin Abbas
Published: January 2020

This study aimed to investigate the occupational accidents trends and their under-reporting estimations in Pakistan during 1993-2009. Accident rates and Index value analysis method base on year 1993 used to compare the changing profile of occupational accidents. Occupational accidents underreporting (Ur) in non-reporting factories (NRFs) calculated by considering their proportional accident rate equal to the number of reported occupational accidents by RFs. Total 10330 occupational accidents investigated in RFs. Total 819 fatal accidents found with average fatality rate of 25 fatal accidents per 105 workers in RFs. Total 9511 non-fatal accidents found with an accident rate of 271 non-fatal accidents per 105 which was high (567 non-fatal accidents per 105) from 1993 to 1996. Occupational accidents Ur (77%) estimated three times higher than reported occupational accidents (23%) in RFs with their continuous increasing trend. This study concludes the weak organizational safety culture in Pakistan. Enforcement at governmental level for safety reporting and labor laws reforms required to reduce the Ur of occupational accidents in the factories of Pakistan.
Land Suitability Classification for Current Land Use in Akkar Plain- Tartous Governorate
Authors: Safwan A. Mohammed Safwan A. Mohammed
Published: January 2020

Land evaluation is one of the most important tools for integrated land use management for sustainable agricultural and land use planning. The aim of this study is to evaluate the land suitability for current land use in akkar plain- Tartous Governorate. Depending on the elevation and land use, nine soil profiles representing the main physiographic units have been chosen. Soil samples were collected for conducting some chemical and physical analyses such as: soil texture (sand%, silt% and clay%), the content of organic matter OM, Cation Exchange Capacity CEC (cmol(+)/kg -1clay). The results of the soil analysis showed that the soil texture was Clay, and the pH values were between 7.13-8.5. Furthermore, The cation exchange capacity were ranging from (12-33) (cmol(+)/kg -1clay). Results of land evaluation showed that the limiting factors either fertility factors such as high pH in the villages of Beit-kamouna, Majdaloun-albaher and Dier-hbash, or physical factors such as shallowness depth of soil. The study concluded that the suitability class ranged from S2 to N2, which emphasis the importance of reconsidering the type of land use in the study area.
Biological Control of the Weedy Plant (Rumex crispus) at the Seedling Growth Stage by the Green Dock Beetle (Gastrophysa viridula)
Authors: Khalid S. Alshallash Khalid S. Alshallash
Published: January 2020

In four glasshouse experiments, the effectiveness of the adult green dock beetle Gastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), at the effective number of applied individuals, for use as a biological control agent of curled dock, Rumex crispus (Polygonaceae) were studied. The feeding of the beetle was investigated at four different numbers of beetle (0, 1, 2, 3) and at four seedling growth stages of the plant, defined by the average of leaf area per plant (1-1.22 , 2-4.45, 3-11.56, and 4-71.52 cm2/plant). Grazing by one, two or three dock beetles did not result in a significant reduction in dock dry weight or shoot numbers at the youngest growth stage. However, both at later seedling growth stages were significantly affected (P ? 0.0001), at any beetles number. The increase of beetle numbers caused nonsignificant increased effect, in some trials, confirming the impact of a single beetle. Three months after beetle grazing, dock seedlings of first, second and third growth stages were not able to regrow, however, some plants at the 4th growth stage, re-emerged. This suggested that the highest effect of beetle's feeding occurs on the early seedling stages. Statistical analysis showed a positive correlation (0.77) between dry weight and shoot number at all the four seedling growth stages, thus confirming the impact of the beetle on both the dry weight and shoot numbers. Combining beetle grazing with other control methods at older dock seedling stages could, therefore, provide better suppression
Staging America
Authors: Bigsby Christopher , Muse Amy , Nadel Alan , Eisen Kurt , Murphy Brenda
Published: January 2020

This open access book offers an account and analysis of the plays of 8 leading American playwrights whose careers began in the 21st century.

Many of the American playwrights who dominated the 20th century are no longer with us: Edward Albee, Arthur Miller, Sam Shepard, Neil Simon, August Wilson and Wendy Wasserstein. A new generation, whose careers began in this century, has emerged, and done so when the theatre itself, along with the society with which it engages, was changing. Capturing the cultural shifts of 21st-century America,Staging Americaexplores the lives and works of award-winning playwrights – including Ayad Akhtar, Stephen Adly Guirgis, Young Jean Lee and Quiara Alllegría Hudes – whose backgrounds reflect the social, religious, sexual and national diversity of American society.

Each chapter is devoted to a single playwright and provides an overview of their career, a description and critical evaluation of their work, as well as a sense of their reception. Drawing on primary sources, including the playwrights’ own commentaries and notes, and contemporary reviews, Christopher Bigsby enters into a dialogue with plays which are as various as the individuals who generated them.

An essential read for theatre scholars and students,Staging Americais a sharp and landmark study of the contemporary American playwright.

The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-ND licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded byKnowledge Unlatched.

Staging America offers a critical account of eight award-winning playwrights whose careers began in the present century and who reflect the complexities of American identity. Among their number are a Pakistani-American, a Puerto Rican-American and a Korean-American, writers who are Catholic, Jewish, Muslim, gay, straight. Here are writers for whom details of their own lives provide the motor force of their plays, as there are those who reach out into the wider world. Beyond a critical analysis of their work, this is a study which includes their own comments as it does reviewers’ responses. The American theatre is changing, as is the society it reflects and with which it engages. Staging America reflects that fact as it does the stylistic variety of writers whose first experience is often in staged readings, small venues, and even across the Atlantic before they receive the kind of recognition which underlines their significance to the national story.
AKB48
Authors: Galbraith Patrick W. , Karlin Jason G.
Published: January 2020

Since its formation as a girl group in 2005, AKB48 has become a phenomenal success and institution in Japan. Having originally recruited fans with photocopied fliers and daily performances in the Akihabara area of Tokyo, AKB48 now saturates Japan. Its members—nearly 800 of them, including five sister groups and four so-called “rival groups” across Japan, as well as six sister groups in other Asian cities—appear in print, broadcast, online, and social media; in advertisements and on products; at home and on the train; on- and off-screen.

AKB48’s multi-platform omnipresence is characteristic of “idols,” whose intimate relationship to fans and appeals to them for support have made the group dominant on the Oricon Yearly Singles Chart in the 2010s; they hold several records, including most consecutive million-selling singles sold in Japan. A unique business model relentlessly monetizes fans’ affections through meet-and-greet events and elections, which maximize CD sales, and their saturated presence in the media. At a time when affect is more important than ever in economic, political, and social theory, this book explores the intersection of idols and affect in contemporary Japan and beyond.
Climate change as a driver of future human migration
Authors: Chen Min , Caldeira Ken
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Human migration is both motivated and constrained by a multitude of socioeconomic and environmental factors, including climate-related factors. Climatic factors exert an influence on local and regional population density. Here, we examine implications for future motivation for humans to migrate by analyzing today’s relationships between climatic factors and population density, with all other factors held constant. Such all other factors held constant analyses are unlikely to make quantitatively accurate predictions but the order-of-magnitude and spatial pattern that come out of such an analysis can be useful for thinking about the influence of climate change on the possible scale and pattern of future incentives to migrate. Our results indicate that, within decades, climate change may provide to hundreds of millions of people additional incentive to migrate, largely from warm tropical and subtropical countries to cooler temperate countries, with India being the country with the greatest number of people with additional incentive to migrate. These climate-driven incentives would be among the broader constellation of incentives that influence migration decisions. Areas with the highest projected population growth rates tend to be areas that are likely to be most adversely affected by climate change.
Estimating fractional snow cover from passive microwave brightness temperature data using MODIS snow cover product over North America
Authors: Xiao Xiongxin , Liang Shunlin , He Tao , Wu Daiqiang , Pei Congyuan , Gong Jianya
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The dynamic characteristics of seasonal snow cover are critical for hydrology management, climate system, and ecosystem function. Although optical satellite remote sensing has proved to be an effective tool for monitoring global and regional variations of snow cover, it is still problematic to accurately capture the snow dynamics characteristics at a finer spatiotemporal resolution, because the observations from optical satellite sensors are seriously affected by clouds and solar illumination. Besides, traditional methods of mapping snow cover from passive microwave data only provide binary information with a 25-km spatial resolution. In this study, we first present an approach to predict fractional snow cover over North America under all-weather conditions, derived from the enhanced resolution passive microwave brightness temperature data (6.25 km). This estimation algorithm used Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow cover products between 2010 and 2017 to create the reference fractional snow cover data as the "true" observations. Further, the influence of many factors, including land cover, topography, and location, were incorporated into the retrieval models. The results show that the proposed retrieval models based on random forest regression technique perform much better using independent test data for all land cover classes, with higher accuracy and no out-of-range estimated values, when compared to the other three approaches (linear regression, artificial neural networks (ANN), and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS)). The results of the output evaluated by using independent data indicate that the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the estimated fractional snow cover ranges from 16.7 % to 19.8 %. In addition, the estimated fractional snow cover is verified in the snow mapping aspect by using snow cover observation data from meteorological stations (more than 0.31 million records). The result shows that the binary snow cover obtained by the proposed retrieval algorithm is in a good agreement with the ground measurements (kappa: 0.67). The accuracy of our algorithm estimation in the snow cover identification shows significant improvement when benchmarked against the Grody’s snow cover mapping algorithm: overall accuracy is increased by 18 % (from 0.71 to 0.84), and omission error is reduced by 71 % (from 0.48 to 0.14). Daily time-series and full space-covered sub-pixel snow cover area data are urgently needed for climate and reanalysis studies. According to our experiment results, we can conclude that it is feasible for estimating fractional snow cover from passive microwave brightness temperature data, and this strategy also has a great advantage in detecting snow cover area.