bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Quantitative Study to Assess the Level of Knowledge and Attitude on Menstrual Cup Among Adolescent Girls in Selected School, Thrissur
Authors: C.S Siji , M.P Jincy , R Aiswarya. , P.A Anagha , Anil Anjaly , V.S Anju , Antony Annmary , Roy Roshni , Selvan Shilpa
Published: August 2022

A menstrual cup is a device that is inserted into the vagina during menstruation. Menstrual cups have been available for decades, but there use in India is limited because of lack of awareness and popularity of sanitary pads. Since they are reusable, they reduce solid waste and are environment friendly. The need of the hour is education, awareness, and availability of the eco-friendly practices when it comes to managing menstrual waste effectively. Once it is taken care of, it will be easy for anyone to make a green switch. Hence, the study was undertaken to assess the level of knowledge and attitude on menstrual cup among adolescent girls in selected schools. Thrissur. The objectives of the study were, to assess the level of knowledge and attitude on menstrual cup among adolescent girls and to associate the level of knowledge and attitude on menstrual cup among the samples with their selected demographic variables. The design of the study was descriptive and was conducted among 50 adolescent girls from St. Sebastian School, Nellikkunnu, Thrissur. The samples were selected by using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by using structured knowledge questionnaire regarding menstrual cup. The result showed that 2 (4%) samples had inadequate knowledge, 43 (86%) had moderate knowledge and 5 (10%) had adequate knowledge. There was no significant association between the level of knowledge regarding menstrual cup among adolescent girls with their selected demographic variables. The study also revealed that 6 (12%) had fair attitude, 43 (86%) had good attitude, 1 (2%) had excellent attitude and none of them had poor attitude on menstrual cup. There was significant association between the attitude on menstrual cup with their selected demographic variables such as age in years, area of residence and educational status of mother. The study concluded that, majority of the adolescent girls had moderate knowledge and fair attitude on menstrual cup.
Ayurvedic Immunomodulatory Drugs showing Pharmacological effects in Healthcare System
Authors: Bhoir A , Borade S. , Borde S. , Chaudhari G. , Sharma V.
Published: August 2022

Ayurvedic system of medicine display a wealth of pharmacological properties. The ayurvedic system of medicine is one of the oldest systems of medicine and includes various ethno pharmacological activities such as immunostimulation, tonic, neurostimulation, anti-ageing, antibacterial, anti-viral, anti-rheumatic, anticancer, adapt genic, etc. The present review focuses on plant profile, pharmacological activities especially immunomodulation, uses (Traditional and medicinal), side effects and marketed products, and also the survey of all people who are aware, and what they consume for boosting immunity. The whole plant as well as plant parts such as the Fruit of piperlongum are used traditionally and is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae. Asparagus racemosus is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical India of family Liliaeceae. Liquorice is the most widely used herb from the ancient medical history of Ayurveda as a medicine as well as a flavoring herb with family leguminosae Guduchi is a well-known immune-modulator herb used in the correction of auto immunity of family Menispermaeceae. Turmeric is an Indian rhizomatous herbal plant (Curcuma longa) of the ginger family zingiberaceae of well-known medical benefits. The sources of review paper were PubMed, research gate, Science Direct, kokate (BOOK). However Research has been done from ancient time and various research papers are published so awareness of these drugs and ayurvedic drugs should be done for betterment of health care system.
Wytyczne dotyczące leczenia bólu brzucha (u pacjentów z zespołem jelita drażliwego)
Authors: Weiser Thomas
Published: August 2022

Ból brzucha występuje często i obniża jakość życia. Wiele towarzystw specjalistycznych na całym świecie opracowało wytyczne dotyczące leczenia zespołu jelita drażliwego i wszystkie wskazują na stosowanie leków przeciwskurczowych w leczeniu bólu brzucha. Niemniej stosowanie konkretnych substancji zależy od dostępnych opcji leczenia. Warto zauważyć, że wiele wytycznych wyraźnie zaleca butylobromek hioscyny i olejek mięty pieprzowej, natomiast nie zaleca stosowania leków przeciwbólowych.
Leki przeciwbólowe z adjuwantami – skojarzenie leków przeciwbólowych z kofeiną
Authors: Weiser Thomas
Published: August 2022

W przeglądzie dokonanym przez Cochrane Collaboration porównano działanie przeciwbólowe standardowego leku przeciwbólowego z działaniem leku przeciwbólowego stosowanego w skojarzeniu z kofeiną. We wszystkich badanych sytuacjach bólowych dodatek kofeiny znacząco zwiększał odsetek pacjentów, u których wystąpiło skuteczne uśmierzenie bólu. Autorzy nie znaleźli żadnych dowodów na występowanie ciężkich zdarzeń niepożądanych związanych ze stosowaniem leku przeciwbólowego lub kofeiny.
Recent Progress on Urban Heat Mitigation Technologies
Authors: Santamouris Prof. Mat
Published: August 2022

Regional climate change in cities is the most documented phenomenon of climate change. Higher urban temperatures are documented experimentally for more than 450 major cities in the world. Numerous investigations demonstrate that the mean magnitude of the temperature increase may exceed 4-6 C, while at the peak it may exceed 10 C. The serious increase of the frequency and the strength of heat waves creates strong synergies between the global and regional climate change and intensify the magnitude of the overheating.

Urban overheating causes a serious impact both on the energy demand and generation sectors. It increases the cooling energy consumption of buildings, rises the peak electricity demand, and obliges utilities to build additional power plants, it affects seriously health issues and in particular heat related mortality and morbidity, impacts the concentration of pollutants and damages the urban environmental quality, and finally deteriorates the levels of local vulnerability and thermal comfort.

To counterbalance the problem of urban overheating, numerous heat mitigation systems and technologies are proposed, and implemented in more than 250 large scale urban projects. Mitigation policies and technologies aim to strengthen the cooling potential of heat sinks and weaken the intensity of the heat sources. Among the developed mitigation technologies, the use of advanced, materials like the recently developed photonic components and the reflective, cool materials, the implementation of additional greenery in buildings and open spaces, the use of passive evaporative systems involving additional irrigation of urban zones and finally the dissipation of the excess heat into the ground seems to provide higher mitigation potential.

The present lecture reviews and reports the recent progress and knowledge on the specific impact of current and projected urban overheating in energy, peak electricity demand, air quality, mortality and morbidity and urban vulnerability. In parallel, it discusses new findings related to the characteristics and the magnitude of urban overheating, and reports and analyses recent knowledge on the synergies between urban heat island and heat waves. Finally, it presents recent developments in the field of mitigation and adaptation technologies for buildings and cities and provides inside information on current and future potential.
Situational Leadership Style, Organizational Culture and Organizational Commitment on Employee Performance
Authors: Nasir Munawir
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of situational leadership styles, organizational culture, and organizational commitment on employee performance and to determine the most dominant variable influencing the performance of the Regional Office employees of Tanete Riattang Barat District, Bone Regency. This research was conducted from October to December 2021. The population of this study was 62 employees of the Tante Riattang Barat District Office, Bone Regency. The analysis used is descriptive to explain the characteristics of respondents and descriptive research, while to analyze quantitative data, multiple regression analysis is used through the SPSS program. The results showed that situational leadership style, organizational culture, and organizational commitment jointly affect the performance of the employees of the Regional Office of the District of Tanete Riattang Barat, Bone Regency, and the variable that has the most dominant influence is organizational commitment.
Rezension von: Schmidt, Annette, Ludwig Eisenlohr
Authors: Langner Bernd , Schmidt Annette
Published: August 2022

Annette Schmidt: Ludwig Eisenlohr. Ein architektonischer Weg vom Historismus zur Moderne – Stuttgarter Architektur um 1900. (Veröffentlichungen des Archivs der Stadt Stuttgart, Band 98). Hohenheim Verlag Stuttgart 2006. 652 Seiten mit 389 Abbildungen. Gebunden € 25,–. ISBN 3-89850-979-6
Rezension von: Pehnt, Wolfgang, Deutsche Architektur seit 1900
Authors: Langner Bernd , Pehnt Wolfgang
Published: August 2022

Wolfgang Pehnt: Deutsche Architektur seit 1900. Hrsg. von der Wüstenrot Stiftung. Deutsche Verlagsanstalt München 2005. 592 Seiten mit ca. 850 Abbildungen. Gebunden € 49,90. ISBN 3-421-03438-9
Rezension von: Fitzel, Andreas Udo, Peter Hartenbeck (um 1550–1616)
Authors: Blümcke Martin , Fitzel Andreas Udo
Published: August 2022

Andreas Udo Fitzel: Peter Hartenbeck (um 1550–1616). Hrsg. vom Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Gmünd. Einhorn Verlag Schwäbisch Gmünd 2007. 96 Seiten mit zahlreichen Abbildungen. Gebunden € 18,90. ISBN 978-3-936373-32-5
Warfield before Western Theological Seminary
Authors: Bonnington Stuart
Published: August 2022

Warfield was very much a product of multiple influences that he inherited, cultivated, and deployed, which are explored in this article in the context of a wider appreciation of his earlier life. This article gives attention to that earlier life, especially focussing onthe time up until he took a position in 1878 at Western Theological Seminary near Pittsburgh to teach New Testament.
Design of an improved soft computing model for EEG classification using MFCC and quad classifier
Authors: Kala Shawetangi , Mishra Pankaj Kumar , Dubey S. P.
Published: August 2022

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals are a combination of complex pattern sequences,that are periodic in nature. These pattern sequences include a gamma waves that indicates deep thinking behaviour, a beta wave sequence that indicates busy and active mind status, an alpha wave segment which indicates reflective and restful behaviour, a theta wave which is an indicative of drowsiness, and a delta wave which indicates sleeping & dreaming conditions. Features like frequency changes, amplitude changes, pattern changes, etc. are used to identify chronic, ischemic and other diseases related to the brain. In order to classify these wave patterns into brain diseases like epilepsy, a series of high complexity signal processing operations are needed to be executed in tandem. These operations include signal pre-processing, feature extraction, feature selection, classification into epileptic & non-epileptic seizure and post-processing.A large variety of algorithms are developed by researchers for each of these operations. Performance of these algorithms varies largely w.r.t. the number of leads used for EEG capture, filtering efficiency, feature extraction & selection efficiency, and classifier efficiency.Thus, it becomes ambiguous for researchers and system designers to select the best possible algorithm set for their application. the proposed AMVAFEx model uses Multiple Neural Networks for definite EEG grouping.
Survey of brain tumor segmentation with deep neural networks
Authors: Kumar Deepak Venu , Sarath R
Published: August 2022

A brain tumour is a serious condition that, if not diagnosed and treated early on, can lead to death. Researchers have proposed a variety of traditional and recently developed deep learning based segmentation and classification approaches for determining the condition of the tumor. Deep learning is found to be efficient and robust for classification and segmentation as it detects the fine-to-coarse information about the tumors. The main component of deep learning is layered neural network architecture popularly known as convolutional neural network. Distinct information from brain images can be acquired and analysed depending on the architecture. In order to achieve high segmentation and classification accuracy, more research is required in this area. In this paper presents a review of state-of-the-art deep learning methods for brain tumor segmentation and deep learning neural networks, clearly highlighting their building blocks and different strategies. Finally, this article implying about present status on segmentation and classification of tumor-based image processing through deep learning models.
Prediction of abnormalities in heart beat sounds using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Thendral P , Karkuzhali S. , Siyon V. A. , Sweeton C. Jeyanth Kallis
Published: August 2022

Worldwide physicians prefer to use physical stethoscope and they listen to the heart beat sound and its rhythm to diagnose various heart conditions.  In this work various abnormalities that happened in heart will be reflected in the sound of the heartbeat. In this work we have created a classification system which is based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to analyze the heart beat sound to predict the abnormalities. Heart beat sound is converted to spectrogram images and then CNN is trained with those images. In order to reduce the computational time, pooling is done, so that it reduces the parameters by taking particular pixel from particular part of pixels. The parameters in CNN are varied in the convolution and pooling layers to enhance the accuracy of classification of heart beat sound. Experiment is carried out by varying number of convolutional layers and by changing the pooling methods for various combinations of CNN models and the results are analyzed to find the optimal combination which can suit for sound analysis.
Iraqi EFL preparatory school teachers' perception of flipped classroom
Authors: Mohammed Murtatha Abdulhassan , Al-Bakri Shaimaa Abdulbaqi
Published: August 2022

Teachers around the world work tirelessly to invest in technological innovations in order to raise educational standards and develop new teaching models and strategies. "flipped learning" or "flipped classroom" is one of these model types that appears to heavily rely on technology. This model is gaining worldwide attention among educators of all levels and disciplines. Although the flipped classroom model has gained popularity, few teachers are known about its application in an EFL setting such as Iraq. The present study aims at finding out Iraqi EFL preparatory school teachers’ perception of flipped classroom. The sample of the study includes (285) preparatory school teachers have been selected form different Directorates of Education in Baghdad. The closed questionnaire has been delivered to the participants after assuring the validity and reliability of the instruments. The findings indicate that teachers have positive perceptions of flipped classrooms in terms of challenges, teacher’s role, advantages, assumptions and implementation while they less perceive assessment and feedback. Finally, suggestions for further studies have been exposed.
Jurisprudential issues in which there are three aspects according to the Shafi’is from the book Al-Bayan by Al-Amrani (558 AH) regarding the issue if one spouse stole money from his significant other's safeguarded property
Authors: Ali Wafa Muhammad , Al-Essawi Ali |Hussein Abbas
Published: August 2022

Imam Al-Omrani, may God have mercy on him, is one of the imams of the Shafi’i school of thought. He became famous and became famous among his peers. He was ascetic in this world, a devotee, a hermit, of soft nature, loved, revered and respected by people. He was distinguished by the strength of understanding, science, and wisdom, and this is evident through his works, the most important of which is his book Al-Bayan fi Al-Imam Al-Shafi’i school of thought, to the extent that he was called by it. He was called the author of the statement, and one of the most famous of what was mentioned in the book of the statement is the issues that came from three aspects, in which he, may God have mercy on him, explained the jurisprudential aspects that relate to each issue with the owner of the face mentioned with most of the issues.
clinical study on the success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Swathi Akula , Preethi Akula Satya , Teja Ch. Bhava , Bandela Pandit Vinodh , Kumar Meela Ranjith
Published: August 2022

Background: Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) has advantages like excellent homeostasis, absence of scar, less post operative pain and edema. However, less literature is available on success rate. Aim and objectives: To evaluate the success rate of endoscopic DCR. After 3 months DCR success rate was estimated based on relief perceived by the patient, free flow of saline on syringing through the lower canaliculus and presence of patent stoma visualized on rigid endoscopy. Materials and methods: 25 Epiphora patients underwent anterior rhinoscopy, nasal endoscopy, syringing, CT scan and DCR.  They were evaluated for the relief of symptoms at 2 week and 3 month respectively. Results: Mostly 76% females with mean age (females:54.4/Males:59) were present. Symptoms: watering of eyes (100%), swelling (92%) and mucopurulent discharge (68%). Disease on the right side- 40% and left side -56% only 4% were with bilateral disease. On follow up after 3months 96% patients reported symptomatic relief of complaints and 4% had granulations at the neoostium and synechiae between nasal and lacrimal mucosa which were removed and subsequent relief of symptoms and free flow of saline on syringing were seen. Conclusion:  Endoscopic DCR is a safe, minimally invasive, surgical procedure with 96% functional success rate.
Awareness of green chemistry concepts among secondary school students
Authors: Saadon Samir Qassem , Abbood Suhad Abdul Ameer
Published: August 2022

The objective of the research is to identify the extent of awareness of the concepts of green chemistry, the research objective was from (4043) students of the fifth scientific grade in the schools affiliated to the Education of Fallujah in Anbar Governorate, the research sample consisted of (400) students, and the research tools consisted in preparing and building a scale A science of chemistry concepts, which is used, consists of (42) items distributed into (12) concepts of green chemistry, and their validity and reliability were verified. In addition, there is no effect of the gender variable (male - female) on awareness of green chemistry concepts. In light of the results of the research, the researchers recommended several recommendations, including: Paying attention to the concepts of chemistry and including them within the fifth grade scientific curriculum
Deep transfer learning base on sequenced edge grid image technique for sign language recognition
Authors: Satiman Supathep , Meesad Phayung
Published: August 2022

Sign language is a visual-gestural language used by hearing impaired person, they modality the gesture to convey meaning. The main problem with sign language communication is ordinary people do not understand the sign language. Therefore, sign language is one of the challenging problems in machine learning. In this paper, researchers focus on visual-based methods and optimize the data preprocessing apply with existing sign language resources. Researchers propose an innovative technique for video processing called Sequenced Edge Grid Images (SEGI) for sign language recognition to interpret hand gesture, body movement, and facial expression. Researchers collected several of sign language data from the internet, the data including Thai sign language utilize in everyday life. The proposed technique was implemented with a convolutional neural network (CNN). The experiments showed SEGI with CNN has increases test accuracy rate with approximately 11% compared to static hand gesture images. Finally, researchers discovered a CNN structure suitable for dataset and examination data by transferring a pre-trained CNN. The fine-tuning with SEGI technique improved 99.8%, thus highest among all the methods. From the results data-preprocesses technique of dataset generation and deep transfer learning was an effective way to improve the accuracy of sign language recognition.
relationship between risk factor and clinical type of vitiligo in dermatology and venerology outpatient clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Saiboo Alvian Arifin , Indramaya Diah Mira , Hidayati Afif Nurul , Rahmadewi Rahmadewi , Damayanti Damayanti , Prakoeswa Cita Rosita Sigit
Published: August 2022

Vitiligo is a skin and mucosa depigmentation condition caused by the loss of functioning melanocytes. Various pathological mechanisms are involved in melanocytes, their full details are often difficult to explain and several risk factors for vitiligo are thought to play a role. This study describe the relationship between risk factors and clinical type of vitiligo. This study is an analytic observational study with a retrospective cross sectional design based on the medical records patients who were treated in Dermatology and Venerology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. The result of this study found 115 new vitiligo patients with the following characteristics were female (53.9%), late adolescence (26.96%) and students (25.22%). The most common risk factors were idiopathic (51.3%) and emotional (28.7%). The most common clinical type was non-segmental vitiligo (53.04%). There was relationship between emotional and the clinical type of vitiligo (p=0.023 p<0.05) and there was relationship between idiopathic risk factors and the clinical type of vitiligo (p=0.019 p<0.05). There was relationship between emotional risk and idiopathic factors with the clinical type of vitiligo that were related to pathogenesis becomes important to understand to identify therapeutic targets and prognostic implications to stop the progression of the disease.
Association of cervical effacement with spontaneous labour progression in low risk pregnant females
Authors: Saumya Saumya , Singh Beenu Kushwah , Khatik Neha
Published: August 2022

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the cervical  effacement  to rate of cervical  dilatation in spontaneous onset labour in low risk pregnant women in order to improve the accuracy of the current partogram. Method: We conducted an observational study of women who were admitted for vaginal delivery at SSMC, Rewa from august 2017 to july 2018. During labor, dilatation curve was plotted in different graphs for women with spontaneous onset labour admitted at SSMC,Rewa during this time period..They were divided into 2 groups based on degree of effacement at admission,whether it was more than 80% or less than equal to 80% and then their labour curve was separately evaluated and compared with each other . Results: From 8839 women admitted during this time period, 1386 nulliparous and primiparous and 145 multiparous women were eligible for the study. An adjusted generalized estimating equations multivariable model showed that effacement had a significant relationship with rate of cervical dilatation and speed of labour progression .
Reassessing contemporary labour curves
Authors: Saumya Saumya , Singh Beenu Kushwah , Khatik Neha
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES: Our purpose was to analyse the pattern of labor progression in Low risk parturients in contemporary obstetric practice. STUDY DESIGN: We extracted detailed labor data from 1531 low risk parturients with a term, singleton, vertex fetus of normal birth weight after spontaneous onset of labor. Cesarean deliveries,instrumental deliveries and those needed oxytocin augmentation  were excluded.Those women whose new born needed resuscitation were also excluded. We used statistical measures to discover the average labor curve under contemporary practice.  We also computed the expected time interval of the cervix to reach the next centimeter, the expected rate of cervical dilation at each phase of labor.  RESULTS: Our average labor curve differs markedly from the Friedman curve . The cervix dilated substantially slower till 6 cm cervical dilatation. It took approximately 3.66 hours from 4 cm to 10 cm, compared with 2.5 hours under the Friedman curve. We observed no deceleration phase . Mean rate of cervical dilatation in active phase of labour was 1.42 cm/hr which is less than friedman’s rate of cervical dilatation which was 3 cm/hr. As per Zhang et al labour progress differentially at different degree of dilatation.
English language acquisition through online mode of teaching during COVID-19 pandemic in India
Authors: Nair Devika B. , Krishnan Anantha S. , Das Aswathy K. V.
Published: August 2022

Education and learning hitherto has undergone huge changes from the kind of teaching provided to Gen Y . One major differentiator is the rise of technology and the spread of internet. It has moved ahead  from the ‘analog’ methods to the ‘digital’ methods. The unprecedented Covid-19 crisis which swept across the globes causing loss of human lives and forced people to stay indoors accelerated the process of seeking education through online modes. Thus, learning a language in such an advanced ecosystem is one of the most crucial components in terms of education. In developing countries such as India where English (used as a second language)  is learnt not merely to communicate  but as a tool for empowerment, the methods used to acquire the  language needs to be  assessed , helping the quality of language learning especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The observations are based on various data collected using surveys etc during the lockdown imposed due to the COVID 19 pandemic in India.
Bipolar dissociation of personality in Cruella
Authors: Harindran Aparna M. , Adwaith J. , Sreekanth H. , Krishnajamol K.
Published: August 2022

Human psyche is a source of wonder and mystery, and its exploration is a major concern of eminent thinkers from time immemorial. Cruella (2021), which tells the reimagined version of Cruella De Vil, a fictional villain in the book and film, 101 Dalmatians, is directed by Craig Gillespie. Cruella’s emotional volatility and eccentric nature are deviant to the point of evil. Current study explores how the mental state of the central character is portrayed in the film. With the rebellious soundtracks of ‘60s and ‘70s, the character can be seen relishing social attention through the alternate persona. The study also focuses how mental illnesses are portrayed in the film even as they cannot be pinpointed of its causes in reality is sought through the paper. Even with the constantly evolving, course-correcting and adapting research, television sets the reality for the nature of psychological illness. Disney, on the other hand, defies all of that. The real-world implications of the false knowledge on conditions like schizophrenia or depression are critical. Knowledge of pro social factors can help individual turn more pro social and the lack of the same can lead to downfall – of both the person and society.
Chronological latency and human psyche
Authors: Vijayan Jimitha , Malavika L.  , Anusudha R. S.
Published: August 2022

Time travel in Audrey Niffenegger’s novel Time Traveler’s Wife explore the contour of the central character’s identity – its nature being fragmented across time. Unlike other scientific fiction centred on fracture of time, social order and improving one’s fate, the characters struggle to make sense of the nature of their existence through the novel. Jacques Lacan’s mirror stage theory talks about the maturing mind of a child upon gazing at a mirror. The concept can be extended and applied to the novel where the central character travels chaotically, hence tragically affected by identity-crisis. An analysis of the temporally distorted identity of the central characters shed light on the relevance of Lacanian interpretations of human psyche.
Efficacy of fluoride varnish containing xylitol coated calcium phosphate or potassium nitrate gel versus conventional fluoride varnish in management of hypersensitivity of exposed root surfaces in adult patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ibrahim Peter Edward , Ezzat Mohamed Adel , Ibrahim Amir Hafez , Shaalan Omar Osama
Published: August 2022

Objective: This clinical trial was conducted to compare the efficacy of fluoride varnish containing xylitol coated calcium and phosphate or potassium nitrate gel versus conventional fluoride varnish in the management of hypersensitivity of non-carious exposed root surfaces in adult patients. Material and Methods: 35 patients having 105 hypersensitive teeth were randomly allocated to be treated either using Embrace varnish (PULPDENT Corporation, Watertown, MA, USA) or UltraEz gel (Ultradent Products Inc. South Jordan, UT, USA) or Fluoride varnish FluoroDose (Centrix Inc., Milford, Connecticut, USA), all agents were used according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Hypersensitivity scores were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), after applying different stimuli. The assessment was done at baseline, after 4 hours of application, after two days, then after 4, 8 and 12 months. Results: UltraEZ gel showed the best immediate relief with a significant difference from other treatment methods, fluoride varnish showed the best relief at both short and long term follow up periods. Embrace varnish showed the least success in reducing hypersensitivity.  Conclusions: Fluoride varnish showed the best reduction in hypersensitivity values while UltraEZ showed the best immediate relief and Embrace varnish showed the least efficacy
AN OUTLINE OF INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSFER PRICING AND STATUTORY LAW
Authors: Omoregie A.E. , Eromosele P.E , Osazuwa F. U
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT Multinational Corporations have seen transfer pricing as a handy tool to achieving their acceptable corporate objectives to the detriment of home/host countries through unethical movement of one country’s tax revenue to another, thus, making transfer pricing a top-of-mind concern for most Countries. In an attempt to fight perceived income shifting by Multinational Corporations (MNCs), some countries have enacted transfer pricing rules which are either in accordance with the widely adopted Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Transfer Pricing Guidelines or far from it. This paper therefore seeks to discuss the common transfer pricing methods employed by multinational corporations and the use of appropriate legislations in some selected countries to control the unwholesome transfer pricing strategies employed by MNCs. Keywords: Transfer Pricing, Multinational Corporations (MNCs), Arm’s – Length Principle
AN ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS OF PALYNOCYCLES, EUSTATIC CYCLES AND STRATIGRAPHIC SURFACES
Authors: Alfred E. Essien , Francis T. Beka
Published: August 2022

ABSTARCT The concept of cyclic characterization of palynological records in a sedimentary sequence, referred to here as palynocycles, are connected to eustatic oscillations. Eustatic and climatic cycles are closely associated and are determined by variations in the coastal plant communities which are followed through pollen assemblages. Depositional systems have been found to correspond to phases of sea level oscillations, which in turn correlate with sequences or cycles of fossil pollen assemblages, palynocycles, and are driven by climatic cycles. The ecological communities and assemblages that were important in this concept are ferns, palms, mangroves, open forests and herbs. These formed the bases for relationship involving palynocycles, eustatic cycles and depositional (sequence stratigraphic) systems tracts. This paper presents the stratigraphic behaviours of depositional systems, based on controls of eustacy, subsidence and sediment supply at various scales and phases. Five wells from offshore Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria across the Eastern Thrust/Fold Belt and the Western Thrust Belt, were taken as case study for this work. These wells penetrated a total of seventeen (17) palynocycles presented as PCYL 1 to PCYL 17, dated from 17.7Ma to 0.8Ma and were correlated across the studied wells sections. Some missing intervals or sections and compressed cycles, corresponding to depositional cycles were identified. These may correspond to periods of erosion, forced regression or unfilled incised valleys during or after sediments deposition or stratigraphic condensation episodes, which could have been possible reservoir horizons or potential entrapment systems for hydrocarbon accumulations. This novel relationship approach is developed to advance better understanding of the depositional systems, enhance the development of new stratigraphic plays to search for subtle traps, which may have been bypassed and increase reservoir prospects in the Nigerian basins. Key words: Palynomorphs; palynocycles; eustacy: palynoflora; palaeoclimate; palaeoecology; bioevents; Miocene
Effectiveness of Using Paired Storytelling Technique Towards the Students’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Yohana Puspita Dewi
Published: August 2022

This research aimed to find out whether: (1) the paired storytelling technique is more effective than the conventional technique to teach reading; (2) the average score of students’ reading comprehension who learn reading through the paired storytelling technique is higher than those who learn reading through the conventional technique. The population was the second semester students of SMA Muhammadiyah Prambanan which consist of 77 students. Purposive sampling was used to determine the experimental class and control class. Each class consists of 26 students. The experimental class was treated by using paired storytelling technique, while control class was treated by using conventional technique. Then, the technique which was used to collect the data were multiple choice test for getting the data of students’ reading skill. The instrument of reading test was tried out to get the validity and reliability items. The data from post test were tested their normality and homogeneity. It was found out that the data were normal distribution and homogeneous. After that the data were analyzed to get the hyphothesis test by using ANCOVA.
Collaborative Writing: It’s Influence towards Students’ Recount Text Ability
Authors: Amalia Solikhah Nur
Published: August 2022

The objective of this research was to know the influence of collaborative writing ability towards students’ recount text of the tenth class students or not. The total populations are 61 students’ in two classes. The writer take two classes, one class as the experimental class that was taught by using Collaborative Writing and the second class as the control class that is taught without Collaborative Writing. In conducting the research, the writer use experimental method, the writer use writing test or t-test to know the students’ writing ability by using Collaborative Writing. The students ask to describe their experience the test use recorded in students’ writing ability, and the writer use the scoring system propose by Yendra Pratial. The writer determine the average rates (x) and variant (s2) before use t-test formula. The average score of experimental class that is taught by using Collaborative Writing is x2ratio = 7.77, and the average score of controll class that is taught with direct instruction  is x2ratio= 7.23. Rejected Ho if : x2ratio ≥ x2table (1-α) (k-3), for the significant level of 5% obtained: x2table = 7.81, for the significant level of 1% (α=0.01) obtain: x2table= 11.3. So the Ho is accepted. The sample of this research the writer use cluster random sampling technique, and to test the hypothensis in this research, the writer use a statistical formula of t-test. According   to   the   result   of   the data analyzing, the writer   found that    >  (=3.10 and =2.70 in significance level 1% and ttable= 2.02 in significance level 5%. It  means  that  positive influence of collaborative writing towards students recount text ability
Impact of Round Table Technique towards Students’ Writing Ability
Authors: Herlisya Destia
Published: August 2022

The objective of this research was to know whether there was influence using round table technique towards students’ writing ability. The writer used experimental method. In taking the sample of the research, the writer used cluster Random Sampling Technique. The writer took two classes as the sample, one class was experimental class who was taught by round table technique and the another class was control class who was taught by discussion technique. In collecting the data, the writer used the writing test. For analyzing the data, the writer used t_tes formula. Based on the calculation, there is significant influence of round table technique towards students’ writing ability at the tenth class of SMK Negeri 4 Bandar Lampung. The average score of students who learn through round table technique is higher than by using discussion technique. It can be shown from the result in experimental class (71.96) > control class (60.71). Based on the result of data analysis, It shown that t_test = 5,51 is higher than t_table. At the significant level 5% or 1%, it was found the significance 0.05 = 2.00 and significance 0.01 = 2.66. It means that t_test> t_table, therefore (H_0) is rejected and〖 (H〗_a) is accepted. It means that there is significant influence of Round Table Technique towards students’ writing ability at the tenth class of SMK Negeri 4 Bandar Lampung.
اتجاهات ودوافع تعرض الشباب الجامعي الليبي للدراما الأجنبية بالقنوات الفضائية الأجنبية والعربية وعبر مواقع شبكة الإنترنت
Authors: شناني سعيد مفتاح حمد , معوض هويدا علي محمد
Published: August 2022

تستهدف الدراسة التعرف إلى اتجاهات ودوافع تعرض الشباب الجامعي الليبي لمشاهدة الدراما الأجنبية بالقنوات الفضائية الأجنبية والعربية وعبر مواقع الإنترنت، ومعرفة أسباب التعرض لهذا النوع من الدراما، ومعرفة أهم الفضائيات الأجنبية والعربية للدراما الأجنبية، والتعرف إلى مواقع الدراما الأجنبية وكيفية الحصول عليها من خلال الإنترنت. وتنتمي هذه الدراسة إلى البحوث الوصفية التي استُخدم فيها المنهج المسحي، وفي إطاره وظَّف الباحثان أسلوب مسح أساليب الممارسة الإعلامية، كما استخدم الباحثان نظرية الاستخدام والإشباعات، وتم جمع البيانات بأداة صحيفة الاستقصاء، وقاما بتوزيع الاستبانة على عينة عشوائية بسيطة قوامها 126مفردة من طلاب كلية الآداب جامعة عمر المختار البيضاء، كما استفاد الباحثان من دراسات سابقة روعي في انتقائها حداثة إنجازها وتباين المجتمعات التي أُجريت فيها، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج، من أهمها:

ارتفاع إقبال الشباب الجامعي الليبي عينة الدراسة على مشاهدة الدراما الأجنبية بالقنوات الفضائية وعبر مواقع الإنترنت بنسبة 93,3%.

كما تصدرت قناة MBC2. القنوات الأكثر مشاهدة بنسبة 100%، تلتها قناة Fox serles  بنسبة 83,2%.

وجاءت أكثر المواقع مشاهدة للدراما الاجنبية لدى عينة الدراسة موقعEgg best بنسبة 93,3% ثم موقعmy cim.

وقد انحصرت أهم دوافع مشاهدة الدراما الأجنبية بالقنوات الفضائية وعبر مواقع الإنترنت في التعرف إلى مشكلات المجتمع بوزن نسبي 66,6 تليها لتكون حديثًا بين الأصدقاء بوزن نسبي 60.
Orthopaedic Injuries After Introduction of Electric Scooters to Denver, Colorado
Authors: McNulty Mia , Look Nicole , Strage Katya , Lauder Alexander
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Cost and efficiency have made electric scooters (e-scooters) popular in urban areas, but many orthopaedic injuries are associated with their use.

Methods:

A retrospective review of e-scooter–related injuries at a level one trauma center identified injury patterns and hospital-associated costs before and after widespread commercial introduction of e-scooters.

Results:

Twenty-three and 197 patients were included in preimplementation and postimplementation groups, respectively. Hospital admission increased from 11% to 62% after commercial introduction. Cost of care increased from $1.8 million to $7.6 million, and 61% of orthopaedic injuries required surgery. The most common orthopaedic injuries were distal radius fractures. Seventy-three percent of the patients tested were intoxicated at the time of injury.

Discussion:

This study categorizes injury patterns and highlights increased hospital-related admissions and surgeries associated with e-scooters. The high rate of intoxicated rider injuries emphasizes the need for laws guiding operation of e-scooters.
Assessing the vulnerability of farm economies against climate change in Himachal Pradesh
Authors: DEEPALI CHADHA  , S. K. SRIVASTAVA
Published: August 2022

Vulnerability analysis is a crucial step in developing adaptation strategies against the climate change. The present study evaluates the district-level vulnerability of the Himachal Pradesh state by analysing the secondary data on sixteen indicators; under its three components (exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) over a period of 34 years (1985-2018).  Highest vulnerability to climate change is observed in Mandi (0.334), while it is lowest in Lahaul-Spiti (0.074) district. Out of twelve districts, only three viz., Bilaspur, Lahaul-Spiti and Kinnaur have experienced a declining trend, while, a rising trend has been experienced in the vulnerability of Hamirpur, Kangra, Mandi, Sirmour, Solan and Una districts. Sirmour (31.10) has the highest instability in the vulnerability index which is mainly due to the highest instability found in its sensitivity index. On the other hand, lowest instability is found in Hamirpur district (7.79). The three components of vulnerability index viz., exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity have been observed to be highest in Mandi (0.269), Hamirpur (0.146) and Kullu (0.055) and are lowest in Lahaul-Spiti (0.041), Sirmour (0.067) and Kullu (0.040), respectively.
Village level identification of sugarcane in Sangali, Maharashtra using open source data
Authors: LONARE AMAN , MAHAESHWARI BASANT , CHINNASAMY PENNAN
Published: August 2022

Agriculture and crop monitoring are very important for an agrarian country like India. This study is done in June Khed village in the Sangli district of Maharashtra, India to assessing the efficiency of an open source cloud-based remote sensing platform Google Earth Engine (GEE), in the village-scale identification of sugarcane. The ground-truth data was collected and the efficiency of Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 satellite data was assessed in driving GEE’s inbuilt Machine Learning classifiers: Classification and Regression Tree (CART), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF). Results were validated with the ground truth data and the official data. Of the methods used, SVM outperformed RF and CART with the lowest relative deviation (+9.2%), highest F1- score (0.8) and overall accuracy (78%), using the Sentinel-2 data. Results also indicated the in-situ use of observation data with high spatio-temporal resolution data. The validated model was then up-scaled for the Walwa Taluka level, to map sugarcane area that can be used for further agriculture tasks such as crop monitoring and yield prediction, leading to better management of crop and better formulating of sugarcane farmer policy.
Photometric study and evolutionary state for some newly discovered W UMA systems
Authors: Alenazi M. S. , Elkhateeb M. M.
Published: August 2022

First orbital solution and photometric study for the newly discovered systems V968 CEP, ET CMI, and ES CMI was carried out by means of WD code (windows interface version) based on model atmosphere provided by Kurucz. Our modelling revealed absolute and physical parameters, which show that the primary components in all systems are hotter and more massive than the secondary components. According to the estimated parameters, the evolutionary statuses for all systems were estimated on theoretical mass-luminosity and mass-radius curves. Spectral types of the systems components were adopted using the estimated temperatures.
العوامل المؤثرة على الأمن الفكري لدى أفراد المجتمع اليمني وضوابطها التربوية - دراسة تحليلية-
Authors: البكولي د. بدرالدين حسين لطف الله
Published: August 2022

هدف البحث إلى الكشف عن العوامل المؤثرة على الأمن الفكري لدى أفراد المجتمع اليمني، وتحديد ضوابطها التربوية، ولتحقيق هذه الأهداف اعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي بإسلوبه التحليلي والاستقرائي، وذلك من خلال الرجوع إلى المصادر الأولية والثانوية ذات العلاقة بموضوع البحث لاستنباط العوامل المؤثرة على الأمن الفكري وضوابطها التربوية، وقد توصل البحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج من أهمها: أن هناك مجموعة من العوامل المتداخلة والمترابطة تسهم في التأثير السلبي على الأمن الفكري لدى أفراد المجتمع اليمني، وهي: العوامل الفكرية، والاجتماعية، والسياسية، والاقتصادية، والتكنولوجية، كما أشارت النتائج بوجود منظومة من الضوابط التربوية التي تسهم في الحد من العوامل المؤثرة على الأمن الفكري، وفي ضوء هذه النتائج قدم البحث جملة من التوصيات الداعية لمواجهة العوامل المؤثرة على الأمن الفكري لدى أفراد المجتمع اليمني.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LAGGED DIVIDEND, DAN INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY SET TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN
Authors: Yani Hanifah Elka , Maharani Novera Kristianti
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine whether profitability, lagged dividend, and investment opportunity set affect dividend policy. The analysis in this study uses descriptive statistics, while hypothesis testing uses multiple linear regression, with the addition of a variable, namely the investment opportunity set as a gap theory from previous research which is still rarely studied. The results of this study indicate that there is a simultaneous influence between profitability, lagged dividend, and investment opportunity set on dividend policy. Partially, profitability and lagged dividend have a positive effect on dividend policy. While the Investment Opportunity Set partially negative effect on dividend policy. With the results of the coefficient of determination which shows that 43.8% of the dividend policy with the dimensions of the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) is influenced by the variables of Profitability, Lagged Dividend, and Investment Opportunity Set, the remaining 56.2% can be influenced by other variables.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI MEDIASI
Authors: Ovianti Yuni , Fadli Jul Aidil
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of transformational leadership style and work discipline on employee performance in the hormone department of PT Tunggal Idaman Abdi. The number of respondents in this study are 65 people who work in that section. The data analysis method used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) PLS. The empirical evidence obtained is from the six hypotheses proposed, five accepted and one rejected. The results of this study found that transformational leadership style and work discipline had a significant effect on job satisfaction, transformational leadership style and job satisfaction had a significant effect on employee performance, but work discipline was not significant on employee performance. The results of the mediation effect test found that the role of job satisfaction significantly mediates the effect of transformational leadership style and discipline on employee performance.