bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Sensitivity of Hamming Energy of a Graph
Authors:   State University of Novi Pazar, Serbia, Redžepović Izudin , Vučićević Nemanja ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Serbia, Stojanović Nenad ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Serbia
Published: December 2024

A novel graph quantity, named Hamming energy of a graph HE(G), has been proposed. It is defined as a sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of the Hamming matrix. To be used in chemistry, graph quantity should be able to discriminate between different isomers, i.e., it should be sensitive. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the sensitivity of HE(G), using different sets of isomers. It was found that HE(G) shows exceptional sensitivity compared to graph energy and other eigenvalue-based graph quantities.
STEAM + X Models in the Teaching of Integrated Sciences: Examples for Practice
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Education: Sombor, Serbia, Cvjetićanin Stanko , Maričić Mirjana ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Education: Sombor, Serbia, Damnjanović Jasmina ,   Preschool Teacher Training and Business Informatics College of Applied Studies - Sirmium, Sremska Mitrovica, Republic of Serbia, Obadović Milica ,   Preschool Teacher Training and Business Informatics College of Applied Studies - Sirmium, Sremska Mitrovica, Republic of Serbia
Published: December 2024

In primary – classroom teaching, there is integration only between the contents related to natural sciences (integrated sciences – IS). However, these contents are insufficiently presented through the STEAM + X approach, i.e. they are insufficiently connected into a single whole with technology, engineering, art, mathematics (STEAM), as well as with other disciplines (X letter in an acronym, such as literature, language, history, etc.). Based on a detailed analysis of textbooks and manuals from IS in the Republic of Serbia (RS), no models were found by which these contents could be presented to students through the STEAM + X approach. Therefore, it is necessary to create STEAM + X models for its processing The aim of our research is focused on the selection of contents and the creation of STEAM + X models for their implementation within the curricular and extracurricular activities of students. The created models can be used not only for the implementation of the STEAM + X approach but also for the creation of new ideas and ways to connect selected and other IS contents, with one or more different disciplines. In this way, it would help to adapt classroom teaching in the RS as much as possible to the individuality of students, to integrate acquired knowledge into a unique whole, and to connect them with different forms of social life and activities.
THE INFLUENCE OF PRICE EARNINGS RATIO, PRICE TO BOOK VALUE, AND RETURN ON EQUITY ON STOCK RETURNS IN COMPANIES CONDUCTING INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS FOR THE 2022-2023 PERIOD
Authors: Napitupulu Dongani , Sibarani Mentiana
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial ratios such as PER, PBV, and ROE on stock returns in companies that have just conducted an IPO in the 2022-2023 period. The research population consists of companies that conducted IPOs on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period July 2022 to July 2023. The study population was taken using the purposive random sampling method, which combines purposively sampling with a randomization process, to ensure valid representation. This study uses data on the financial statements of companies listed on the IDX during the period 2022-23. Based on the results of the research that has been conducted, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between financial ratio and stock returns. The regression model developed was able to explain about 42.5% of the total variation in stock returns, showing that the independent variables used made a significantly contribution in explaining the fluctuations in stock return. This research could offer valuable implications for investors in evaluating IPO companies and assist companies in maintaining high profitability and good market reputation before going public. Moreover, findings could inform capital market regulators in developing policies aimed at enhancing investor protection and market efficiency.
Quality Management System Use of Foreign Language Apllications For Student Learning
Authors: Palandi Rainaldo , Pondaag Angeline , Saron Putri , Tamuntuan Lheadis , Opuyu Dean , Wongkar Junior
Published: December 2024

The integration of quality management systems (QMS) into the use of foreign language applications has become increasingly relevant in enhancing student learning experiences. This study explores the effectiveness of foreign language learning applications, such as Duolingo and Babbel, when paired with QMS frameworks to monitor, evaluate, and improve learning outcomes. By adopting a systematic approach, the research examines how QMS principles—such as continuous improvement, performance measurement, and user feedback—can optimize the usability and pedagogical impact of these applications for students in diverse educational settings. Findings indicate that applying QMS to language applications fosters better alignment with educational objectives, improves user satisfaction, and enhances learning engagement. Key elements include regular tracking of learning progress, adaptive content customization, and structured feedback mechanisms. This approach also empowers educators to make data-driven decisions to support students' language acquisition effectively. The study concludes that incorporating QMS into the use of foreign language applications represents a viable strategy for advancing the quality of language education, promoting efficiency, and ensuring continuous improvement in student learning outcomes. Future research should explore the scalability of this approach across various disciplines and demographic groups to further validate its applicability.
Strategi Induktif Inquiry Terbimbing Guru PAI dalam Menghadapi Ketidakaktifan Peserta Didik Selama Proses Pembelajaran di SMP Negeri 2 Kota Lubuklinggau
Authors: Andika Joko , Marinda Aflia Bela , Aulia Fairus , Harmi Hendra , Daheri Mirzon
Published: December 2024

Student inactivity during the learning process is one of the problems faced by Islamic Religious Education teachers which causes a decrease in student inactivity and makes the learning conditions of students uncomfortable, so the need for a guided inductive inquiry strategy carried out by Islamic Religious Education teachers to overcome student inactivity. The purpose of the study was to determine the obstacles of Islamic Religious Education teachers in dealing with student inactivity during the learning process, and to determine the efforts made by Islamic Religious Education teachers in dealing with student inactivity during the learning process. The type of research is qualitative research. Data Collection Techniques Such as Observation, Interviews, and Documentation. Data Analysis Techniques Such as Data Reduction, Data Display, and Conclusion Drawing/Verification. Data Validity Techniques Such as Observation Extension, Implementation Stage, and Data Triangulation. Based on the results of the study and discussion, it was concluded that the obstacles of Islamic Religious Education teachers were lack of preparation in teaching, lack of reflection, laziness in learning, not understanding the character of students, and lack of concentration in learning. The efforts made by Islamic Religious Education teachers are: first, teachers use a skills-based approach, second, teachers use arts-based learning methods, third, teachers use guided inquiry-based learning techniques, fourth, teachers create enjoyable learning experiences, and fifth, teachers use an experience-based approach.
Bazı Bitkilerin Sekonder Metabolit İçeriklerinin HPLC ile Analizi
Authors: Aras Abdülmelik , Karadağ Musa
Published: December 2024

Bitkilerin sekonder metabolit bileşik profilinin tanımlanması ve miktarlarının belirlenmesi, gıda kalitesi ve özgünlük değerlendirmesi için önemli bir araçtır. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmada, dört bitkinin seconder metabolit bileşiklerinin belirlemesi amaçlanmıştır. Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae), Tilia tomentosa Moench., Rheum ribes L., Rubus caesius L. sekonder metabolit bileşikleri HPLC ile analiz edildi. HPLC ile yapılan analiz için yirmi farklı bileşik standat olarak kullanıldı. Belirlenen bileşiklerden en yoğun bulunan bileşikler Hidroksibenzoik asit, gallik asit, Askorbikaskorbik asit ve alizarin olarak tespit edildi.
ESKİ MEZOPOTAMYA’DA ERKEN HANEDANLIK VE AKAD DÖNEMLERİNDE KRALLARIN DÜNYA HÂKİMİYETİ İDEOLOJİLERİNİN TANRILARLA BAĞLANTISI
Authors: Dilek Yeşim
Published: December 2024

Eski Mezopotamya’da kent devletlerinin güç kazanmasıyla yönetici olan ruhban sınıfı gücünü yitirmeye başlamış ve kent kralları evrenselci hırslarla ilahi köken iddiasında bulunmuşlar ve bazıları da tanrılaştırılmışlardır. Eski Mezopotamya krallarının evrene hâkim olma arzularının kanıtları Erken Hanedanlık III döneminde (MÖ 2600-2350), gözlemlenebilse de, bu fikirler ancak daha sonra bölgeye hükmeden ve yöneticilerinin bazılarının tanrılaştırıldığı Akad döneminde (MÖ 2334-2154) açıkça ortaya çıkmıştır. Eski Mezopotamya krallarının evrene hâkim olma durumu, hükmettikleri krallıklarının çevresini ele geçirmekle sınırlı olmakla birlikte, elde ettikleri her zafer için tanrı soyundan geldiklerini iddia edebilmelerini ve Akad döneminde ise bir kralın tanrılaştırması sonucunu ortaya çıkmıştır. Sümerlerle başlayan krallık müessesesinin tanrılar tarafından bahşedilen bir yapı olması fikri, genişleyerek tüm evreni yönetebilme ve kralların tanrılaştırma olgusuna kadar uzanmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı, Erken Hanedanlık ve Akad dönemlerinde Eski Mezopotamya hükümdarlarının evrene hâkim olma arzularını, ilahi köken iddialarını ve tanrılaştırılmaları arasındaki ilişkiyi yazılı belgeler ve ikonografiler ışığında incelemek ve bu olguların Erken Hanedanlık ve Akad dönemlerinin kraliyet ideolojisine yansımalarını ortaya koymaktır.
HRİSTİYANLIĞIN ERKEN DÖNEMİNDE ROMA ORDUSUNDA HRİSTİYAN UNSURLARIN TEŞEKKÜLÜ
Authors: Kaya Murat
Published: December 2024

Roma İmparatorluğu’nun Hristiyanlaşma süreci batı literatüründe ve ülkemiz academiasında bir hayli rağbet gösterilen çalışma konularından biri olmuştur. Özellikle (Doğu) Roma İmparatorluğu ve Hristiyanlık konularının bağımsız olarak incelenmesinin yanı sıra, bu iki başlığın birlikte ele alındığı Türkçe literatürdeki çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğu Constantinus’un Hristiyanlığı etrafında şekillenerek Hristiyan Roma İmparatorluğu tarihine dair değerlendirmeler sunmaktadır. Ancak imparatorluğun Hristiyanlaşmasında büyük etkisi olan ordunun Hristiyanlaşma süreci ihmal edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu makalede, Hristiyanlaşma sürecinin ilk aşamalarına dikkat çekilerek erken Hristiyanlık dönemi Pagan Roma ordusunda neşet eden Hristiyan unsurların neler olduğu ve ne zaman aşikar hale gelmeye başladıkları ve Roma İmparatorluğu’nun Hristiyanlaşma sürecine tesirleri incelenmiştir. Geç Antikağ dönemine ait kaynaklar ile modern literatürden istifade edilerek hazırlanan bu çalışma yerli literatürde Roma ordusunda ortaya çıkan ilk Hristiyan unsurların teşekkülüne dair boşluğu giderme konusunda katkı sağlayacaktır.
ANTİK ROMA’DA GÜNÜN BÖLÜMLERİ
Authors: Aşkit Çağatay
Published: December 2024

İnsanoğlunun ortak yaşam unsurlarından biri olan zamanın Eskiçağda hangi yöntemlerle hesaplandığı her dönem ilgi uyandıran konulardan biri olmuş, yıl, mevsim, ay, gün ve saat gibi zaman birimlerini hesaplamak için kullanılan gereçler ve yöntemler ayrıntılı bir biçimde incelenmiştir. Nesnel ölçüm yöntemlerine dayanan bu birimlerin yanı sıra toplumların herhangi bir gereç kullanmadan, insan eylemlerinden yola çıkarak ya da çevresinde gerçekleşen doğa hareketlerini gözlemleyerek ölçtüğü zaman birimleri de bulunmaktadır. Eskiçağ toplumlarındaki gündelik dilin bir yansıması olarak vakitleri, diğer bir deyişle gündüz ve gecenin bölümlerini ifade eden çok sayıda ve birbirinden farklı sözcük bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Latince yazılmış antik kaynaklardaki günün bölümleriyle ilgili teorik tanımların çevirilerinin yapılarak Türkçeye kazandırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla M. Terentius Varro, C. Suetonius Tranquillus, Aulus Gellius, Macrobius, Censorinus, Isidorus ve Servius gibi yazarların eserlerindeki ilgili metinler karşılaştırılmış ve tanımlarda geçen sözcüklerle ilgili genel bilgiler verilmiştir.
FACTORS PREDICTING PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE IMPACT OF COMMUNITY ENLARGEMENT IN SETTLEMENTS OF RA
Authors: Yengidunyan Vahan
Published: December 2024

In 2022, the elections of local self-government bodies in the Republic of Armenia ended the process of community enlargement, which was started in 2011.The community enlargement process deviated several times from the initial implementation methodology, and was conceptually revised in 2018 after the velvet revolution. Currently, multiple deviations and changes from the prescribed approaches have created a situation where a number of communities have been enlarged using the pre-2018 methodology and the rest using the post-2018 methodology. As a result, there was no coincidence that complaints arose, especially among the population of small rural settlements related to the possible deterioration of the socio-economic condition of settlements, the weakening of local self-governance and the disproportionate increase of dependence on large settlements. Illegitimate communal enlargement implies an uncontrollable increase of mistrust among the population towards the policies implemented at the local level and those who implement them, which can lead to the disruption of public life. In this context, the lack of knowledge related to the public perceptions of the changes implemented in the enlarged communities, especially in the context of the discussed problems and the risks arising from them, makes the implementation of research aimed at clarifying the abovementioned issue more than relevant. In April-June 2024, a survey was conducted in the enlarged communities of RA, with the aim of identifying, in addition to a number of research problems, public perceptions of the impact of community enlargement in individual settlements and the factors affecting them. As a result of the ordinal regression analysis carried out in this context, it becomes clear that among a number of research variables, only social capital, place leadership and population dispersion index in enlarged communities meet the statistical assumptions for inclusion in the specified regression model. The odds ratios calculated in the later stages of the model construction show that in the case of social capital, place leadership and dispersion index, the transition to each next category increases the probability of recording positive perceptions of community enlargement among the population. Thus, the proposed hypothesis is also confirmed, according to which: Each 1-level increase in social capital, place leadership and dispersion index in enlarged communities increases the probability of recording positive perceptions of community enlargement impact among residents.
International cooperation in the fight against drug trafficking in a changed geopolitical situation
Authors: Sidorov Andrey V. , Tasakov Sergey V.
Published: December 2024

Drug addiction of the world's population has remained a key threat to the security of any modern society and state over the past century. The problem of illicit drug trafficking is aggravated during periods of unstable international situation. This is evidenced by growing figures of the number of people involved in drug crimes and the number of crimes themselves. Due to the increase in crimes in the field of drug trafficking and due to their transnational nature, further development of cooperation between states is necessary. The purpose of the study is to analyze the international legal regulation of drug trafficking control, previously identified areas and implemented forms of cooperation, the study of Russia's criminal policy on this issue, the measures taken and approved means to combat drug trafficking, as well as development of new ways and directions of interaction with international partners–epicenters of drug trafficking to prevent drug traffickers from using the unstable situation in the world to expand its influence. Materials and methods. The main international acts developed and ratified by most countries of the world, Russian strategic documents, as well as official reports and statements from authorized bodies and organizations for the period from XX to XXI centuries are analyzed. In the process of studying the required information, a sociological method was used – the analysis of documents. In addition, the methodological basis of the study was made up of both general scientific and particular methods, but the advantage was given to the comparative legal method. Research results. Statistical data on the increase in the number of crimes in the field of drug trafficking are presented; a range of interrelated crimes is outlined; the experience of creating international unions to combat drug traffickers is analyzed. The problem of interrupting the investigation of large associations of drug traffickers and/or creating new groups on the basis of previously existing and formally liquidated ones, which are even more actively spreading information about access to drugs and flooding the market with their deadly goods, as a result of ruptured diplomatic relations between countries and terminated cooperation in the middle of the way, has been identified. Based on the study of positive experience in cooperation with the former members of the Soviet Union in this area, new areas of cooperation for the Russian Federation are proposed. Conclusions. Joint actions in the field of combating crime are important for international relations. They will ensure law and order both inside our country and in the world, as well as national and international security. Unification of the countries that were previously part of the USSR in order to counter drug crime will allow controlling the level of drug trafficking and even reducing it during the period of complicated relations with European representatives.
On Preventive Potential of Norms with Administrative Prejudice
Authors: Anisimov Valeriy Ph. , Akinina Natalya Yu. , Berndt Anastasia A.
Published: December 2024

When criminalizing socially dangerous acts of minor severity, the legislator increasingly uses the norms with administrative prejudice, since their application allows preventing more serious criminal acts and negative social phenomena in society. At the same time, the preventive potential of the norms with administrative prejudice has not yet been properly assessed. The purpose of the study is to scientifically substantiate the preventive potential of norms with administrative prejudice. Materials and methods. When writing the article, general scientific methods were used (analysis, synthesis, hypothesis, comparison, generalization), as well as a statistical method (statistical grouping, summary, statistical analysis). The methodological basis of the research is the theory of norms with double prevention. Research results. The article analyzes statistical data indicating that criminal law norms with administrative prejudice prevent more serious socially dangerous criminal acts. In addition, they prevent crimes at the stage of bringing a person to administrative responsibility, as well as administrative offenses in the future. Conclusions. The authors conclude that there is a three-dimensional preventive effect of the norm with administrative prejudice. Consequently, the legislator's attention to the norm with such a design is due to its high preventive potential, since it makes it possible to suppress the criminal properties of both convicted persons and the emerging illegal attitudes of administratively punished persons, preventing further commission of both administrative offenses and criminal offenses, as well as criminal acts with more serious criminal legal characteristics.
RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS OF THE TOWN OF TOLYATTI IN SAMARA REGION IN 2002–2010
Authors: Yakunin Vadim N.
Published: December 2024

The years 2002–2010 are of interest for the study of church life, since during these years there was an increase in registered religious organizations both in Russia and in the town of Tolyatti, which began in the late 80s of the XX century. The article examines the religious situation in Tolyatti and interaction of religious organizations with Tolyatti city administration in 2002–2010 on the basis of internal documents of Tolyatti city administration and Samara diocesan administration.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the situation, activities and number of religious organizations in 2002–2010, to evaluate the results of their interaction with municipal authorities.

Materials and methods. Implementation of research tasks was achieved on the basis of using documents extracted from the funds of the current archive of Samara Diocesan Administration. The research methodology includes a document analysis method and a statistical method, which is necessary to analyze data related to the increase in the number of religious organizations. In working with periodical materials, the method of synchronous comparison with documentary material was applied.

Research results. The relationship of religious organizations of Tolyatti with Tolyatti city administration in 2002–2010 was studied, the situation, activities and number of religious organizations, the number of their adherents were analyzed. Tolyatti municipal authorities preferred Orthodox religious organizations in religious policy, which is confirmed by their financing, allocation of land plots to construct temples, and media coverage of intra-church events. In 2002–2010, a special, trusting relationship between the heads of Togliatti city administration and the heads of Orthodox religious organizations (the Russian Orthodox Church) developed.

Conclusions. In 2002–2010, representatives of four confessions (Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Buddhism) from more than 80 religious organizations and groups with numerical superiority of the Russian Orthodox Church parishes (20 parishes in 2010) carried out their activities in Tolyatti. The government of Samara Region and Tolyatti city administration found opportunities to help in the construction of Orthodox churches, a Muslim mosque and the construction of the Volga Orthodox Institute. Allocation of funds to Orthodox parishes from Tolyatti city budget took place without any competitive procedures. Protectionism of local authorities towards the Russian Orthodox Church manifested in allocation of the best land plots to construct Orthodox parishes and institutions. The clergy of Tolyatti sought to strengthen their influence through various events that were supported by local authorities informatively, organizationally and in some cases financially.
Ayurvedic Perspective and Approach in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Anil Kumar  , Rajendra Kumar Soni
Published: December 2024

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) is a bilateral, chronic, degenerative illness that primarily affects the macula while leaving the peripheral retina mostly unaffected. As it is the maculopathy affecting the central vision, people experience difficulty in day-to-day routine work and reduction in quality of life and bear depression. In Ayurveda, Drishtigata Rogas results in partial to complete loss of vision. Pitta Vidagdha Drishti is one of the diseases of Drishtigata Roga. As the underlying pathophysiology of the condition, Pitta (which is principally responsible for vision) vitiates and aggravates. When this vitiated and provoked Pitta affects the Drishti (macular portion of the retina), it eventually results in Vidagdhata (inflammation, ulceration, and degeneration of the local tissue), it results in a clinical picture resembling the now-known age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). As it is described as an Ashatrakrita Pittaja Vyadhi and the treatment of this disease is given briefly in Samhitas it is important to conduct study on such topic and come to a proven beneficial Ayurvedic management. The Ayurvedic review of age related macular degeneration and its potential correlation with Pitta Vidagdha Drishti is the primary focus of this paper.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Bhringaraja (Eclipta alba Hassk) Churna in Eka kusta (Psoriasis)
Authors: T. Srinivas  , S.Babu rao  , A.Vijaya Lakshmi
Published: December 2024

"Rooted in ancient Indian wisdom, Ayurveda, a holistic science of life, offers a unique approach to health and wellness through natural therapies and herbal remedies. Emphasizing individualized treatment, Ayurveda aims to balance the body's three fundamental energies (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) for optimal health and disease prevention." Psoriasis, known as Eka Kustha in Ayurveda, is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperproliferation of the skin cells, leading to erythematous, scaly plaques that cause discomfort and affect patient’s quality of life. From an Ayurvedic perspective, Eka Kustha is associated with imbalances in the Vata and Kapha doshas, as well as impurity in blood (Rakta dhatu) and aggravated toxins (Ama). Bhringaraja is praised for its multiple therapeutic properties, including balancing Kapha and Vata, promoting hair health, treating skin diseases like psoriasis, and offering general rejuvenation and strengthening benefits. It is recognized as a powerful herb in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. Present case report, A 52yrs old male patient presented with scaling, itching all over body predominantly upper and lower back for 8 months. The patient was treated with Bhringraja (Eclipta alba Hassk.) churna for period of 45 days, Patient got significant improvement after 45 days. The patient showed significant improvement in PASI score and quality of life with no adverse effects. The treatment protocol adopted based on the Ayurvedic principles, targeting the Vatakapha dosha predominance in Ekakusta. This case report highlights the effectiveness of Shamana oushadi in managing psoriasis and support further research to explore its potential as a complementary therapy.
Panoramic Study on the Concept of Varna and Charakokta Varnya Mahakashaya
Authors: Bhavana H N  , Mahesh C D  , Pradeep Seema
Published: December 2024

In today's society, beauty is a focal point of interest, with individuals often associating their physical appearance with self-esteem. Ayurveda being the ancient treatise has dealt regarding Tvacha and Varna as one of the important factors formed during intra-uterine life. Dravyas which help in promoting as well as restoring Varna or normal skin colour is termed as Varnya. Acharyas have dedicated separate Varga containing Dravyas that aids in Varnya action. Methods: Acharya Charaka in Sutrasthana 4th Chapter has resoluted Mahakashaya Varga among which Varnya Mahakashaya -Drugs which helps in restoring the Varna are mentioned. These Dravyas can be used for external application in the form of Lepa or can be taken internally in the form of Kashaya, Churna etc. Results: Dravyas present in Varnya Mahakashaya are predominant in Tikta and Madhura Rasa, Sheeta Virya. Flavonoides and triterpenoids present in these drugs possess anti-oxidant and anti-tyrosinase action that helps in inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme thereby controlling the release of melanin pigment. Depending upon the skin condition, Dravyas can be chosen wisely.
Critical Review of Shadang Paneeya: An Ayurvedic Herbal Formulation with Potential Immunomodulatory and Therapeutic Benefits
Authors: Santosh Kadam  , Pradeepkumar Tiwari
Published: December 2024

Ayurveda, a time-honored system of medicine, is known for its holistic approach, incorporating dietary and medicinal practices to treat various ailments. Among its many formulations, Shadang Paneeya stands out for its therapeutic potential in managing fever, excessive thirst, and related symptoms. Described in classical texts like the Charaka Samhita, this preparation consists of six herbs with unique pharmacological properties that have been explored for immune modulation, detoxification, and managing febrile conditions. Objective: This review critically evaluates the components and therapeutic significance of Shadang Paneeya, focusing on its relevance in contemporary medicine, particularly its immune-modulatory and therapeutic properties. Methodology: A comprehensive review of classical Ayurvedic texts and modern literature on the immunomodulatory, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects of the ingredients in Shadang Paneeya- including Musta (Cyperus rotundus), Parpatak (Fumaria parviflora), Usheera (Vetiveria zizanoides), Chandana (Santalum album), Uddichya (Pavonia odorata), and Nagar (Zingiber officinale)- was conducted. Discussion & Conclusion: The synergistic effects of these six ingredients support Shadang Paneeya's role in treating fever, dehydration, and inflammation. However, more clinical studies are needed to confirm its safety and efficacy, establishing it as a valuable adjunct in modern healthcare, particularly for viral infections.
Perioperative emergency laparotomy pathway for patients undergoing emergency laparotomy: A propensity score matched study
Authors: Lau Joel Wen Liang , Baliga Janardhan , Khan Faheem , Teo Ying Xin , Yeo Jonathan Ming Jie , Yeow Vincent Zhiwei , Wu Christine Xia , Teo Stephanie , Goh Tracy Jia Hui , Iau Philip , Emergency Laparotomy Group
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Emergency laparotomy (EL) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, often exceeding 10%. This study evaluated the impact of the EMergency Laparotomy Audit (EMLA) interdisciplinary perioperative pathway on patient outcomes, hospital costs and length of stay (LOS) within a single centre.

Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted from August 2020 to July 2023. The intervention team included specialist clinicians, hospital administrators and an in-hospital quality improvement team. Patients who underwent EL were divided into a pre-intervention control group (n=136) and a post-intervention group (n=293), and an 8-item bundle was implemented. Propensity scoring with a 1:1 matching method was utilised to reduce confounding and selection bias. The primary outcomes examined were LOS, hospitalisation costs and surgical morbidity, while secondary outcomes included 30-day mortality and adherence to the intervention protocol.

Results: The utilisation of the EMLA perioperative care bundle led to a significant reduction in surgical complications (34.8% to 20.6%, P<0.01), a decrease in LOS by 3.3 days (15.4 to 12.1 days, P=0.03) and lower hospitalisation costs (SGD 40,160 to 30,948, P=0.04). Compliance with key interventions also showed improvement. However, there was no difference in 30-day mortality.

Conclusion: This study offers insights on how surgical units can implement systemic perioperative changes to improve outcomes for patients undergoing emergency laparotomy.
The Intentions of Health Personnel Using UTAUT-Based Electronic Medical Records (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology)
Authors: Faida Eka Wilda , Sutha Diah Wijayanti
Published: December 2024

The government's efforts as a form of supporting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in point 3 regarding health and welfare, the Indonesian government. By using good information technology, it is hoped that good quality health services will also be achieved. The existing conditions at the Jemur Sari Islamic Hospital (RSI) Surabaya show that there are still incomplete Subject, Object, Assessment, Plan (SOAP) components in EMR in 2022. The aim of this research is to review the use of UTAUT-based EMR. This type of observational research uses a cross sectional design. The research sample was taken by total sampling from the entire population, namely 45 officers at Jemur Sari Hospital, Surabaya. Data analysis using frequency descriptives. The research results show that average job fit on performance expectancy 3,48, perceive ease of use on effort expectancy 3,47, subjective norm on social influence 3,43, compatibility on facilitating conditions 3,53 and persuasiveness on behavioral intention 3,50. The results in the very good category and social factors are in the good category. The conclusion of this research is that it needs to be further improved in the aspects of extrinsic motivation, perceived behavioral control, social factors, improvements in complexity and enthusiasm.
Improvement Strategy to Reduce Delay in Returning Inpatient Medical Record at Jenggawah Primary Health Center in 2023
Authors: Nuraini Novita , Febriyanti Bella Amalia , Wijayanti Rossalina Adi
Published: December 2024

Delay return of inpatient medical records still occur at Jenggawah Primary Health Center with an average percentage 52,15%. This situation leads to misfiled records, potentially causing disruptions and errors in patient care. The purpose’s research was to develop a strategy to reduce delay return of inpatient medical records using action research. This research methodology is quasi-semi-experimental methodology, incorporating interviews, observations, documentation, and discussions for data collection. Results in diagnosing action, the delay in returning the medical record of inpatient was caused by the officers' lack of medical record knowledge and their lack of medical record training, the contents of the SOP, which required evaluation, and the tracer's inadequate work. Planning action to plan strategy which are hold medical record training, reviewing returning medical record’s SOP and redesigning tracer. Taking action to implement strategy during 3 month. There is the evaluation action, which includes 4 success parameters. Overall, it is considered successful if the percentage of delays in returning inpatient medical records is dropped to a maximum of 50% per month. Evaluating action to evaluate taking action were carried out properly because the percentage of delays in returning inpatient medical record was reduced below 50%. It’s hoped medical recorder always monev and remind each other regarding the return of inpatient medical records. And it’s hoped Jenggawah Primary Health Center will hold in house training, hold socialization of SOP and budgeting funds for supporting facilities.
HUKUKİ NİTELİĞİ BAĞLAMINDA PAKET TUR SÖZLEŞMELERİ ÜZERİNE MUKAYESELİ BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Gayretli Aydın Seda
Published: December 2024

Avrupa Konseyinin Paket Turlara İlişkin olan 90/314/AET sayılı yönergesi ve bu yönergeyi İsviçre’nin iç hukukuna aktarmak için kabul edilen Paket Turlara İlişkin Federal Yasası esas alınarak hazırlanan 6502 sayılı Tüketicinin Korunması Hakkındaki Kanunun (TKHK) 51. maddesinde ve buna ilişkin çıkarılan Paket Tur Yönetmeliğinde tatil sözleşmelerinden biri olan paket tur sözleşmeleri düzenlenmiştir. Paket tur sözleşmeleri en az iki asli turizm hizmetini içerir ediminin birlikte sunulması, her şey dahil ücret ödenmesi ve hizmetin yirmi dört saatten uzun bir süreyi kapsaması ya da gecelik konaklamayı içermesi unsurlarını bir arada içermektedir. Paket tur sözleşmesinin hukuki niteliğinin doğru şekilde belirlenmesi, sözleşmenin uygulanması, yorumlanması ve uyuşmazlık çıkması halinde uygulanacak hükümlerin belirlenmesi açısından önem taşımaktadır. Öğretide paket tur sözleşmesinin hukuki niteliği tartışmalıdır. 6502 sayılı TKHK öncesi paket tur sözleşmelerinin vekalet sözleşmesi, eser sözleşmesi, hizmet sözleşmesi, aracılık sözleşmesi gibi bazı sözleşmelerin alt türü olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Bunun yanında bu tür sözleşmelerinin kendine özgü sözleşme olduğu ve karma sözleşme olduğu görüşleri de tartışılmıştır. 6502 sayılı TKHK’un yürürlüğe girmesiyle bazı yazarlar, TKHK m. 51 ile paket turların esaslı unsurlarının belirlendiğini ve isimli sözleşme halini aldığını ileri sürerken bazı yazarlarsa ise halen paket turların isimsiz sözleşmelerden karma kombine sözleşme ya da kendine özgü sözleşme olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Bu çalışma, 6502 sayılı Tüketicinin Korunması Hakkındaki Kanun m. 51 hükmü ve Paket Tur Yönetmeliği kapsamında paket tur sözleşmelerinin hukuki niteliği konusundaki tartışmalı hususları ve farklı görüşleri değerlenmektedir. Bu değerlendirme yapılırken, Avrupa Birliğinin Paket Turlara ilişkin Yönergeleri ve bu yönergeleri iç hukuklarına aktaran Almanya ve İsviçre öğretisindeki paket turların hukuki niteliğine ilişkin görüşlere de yol gösterici olması açısından yer verilmiştir. Varılan sonuca göre sözleşmede boşluk bulunması halinde ya da sözleşmenin yorumlanması gerektiğinde uygulanacak olan hükümler açıklanmıştır.
The Interplay of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations with Challenges and Learning Preferences among Iraqi EFL University Students Enrolling in English Departments
Authors: Mohammed Adyan Abdulmunim
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the motivation of the Iraqi EFL students, the factors that discourage their pursuing of the language studies and the available options that the Iraqi students consider in learning the language. A questionnaire was conducted to 124 EFL students enrolled in the Department of English at the College of Education/University of Kufa. The results revealed students are strongly dependent on extrinsic motivation that comes from the pre-university level educational experience. The most important extrinsic motivation that propels the students to study English is improving the job opportunities in the market along with improving the academic options in the post graduate level. The result also shows that intrinsic motivation such as the student' interest in the English culture and literature have less effect on their learning motivation. Additionally, the study designates some challenges that impede the learning process, including limited exposure to English outside the classroom, issues within the educational system and socioeconomic factors that hinder students' learning. Furthermore, the research highlights the importance of teacher-student dynamics. In terms of learning preferences, the students are interested in interactive and multimedia resources in addition to traditional classroom experience. The paper offers some recommendations for enhancing student's motivation and engagement through targeted interventions, such as incorporating practical applications, extracurricular activities, and access to digital resources. These findings contribute to the understanding of EFL education in Iraq and offer insights for teachers and policymakers aiming to improve English language learning outcomes in the region.
Emotional Verbs of Angry in Javanese Ngoko: Semantic Studies
Authors: Astri Nanda Dwi , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: December 2024

Emotional verbs are verbs that express a person's  emotional or psychological state or action. This study uses the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (MSA) theory. MSA theory is a  study of lexical semantics. The basic assumption of this theory is that complex meanings can be described using simpler configurations of meaning elements until they cannot be further described. The MSA theory used in this study is a framework for mapping meaning using basic components that can be understood by all native speakers. MSA theory is able to explain the lexical meaning of stative emotional verbs, while polysemy is used to understand emotional verbs in Ngoko Javanese with more than one meaning depending on the context of their use. Angry emotional verbs express a person's emotional or psychological actions in a state of anger. The purpose of this study is to describe angry emotional verbs in Ngoko Javanese. The importance of this research on angry emotional verbs in Ngoko Javanese is to see how the expression of angry emotional verbs in Javanese people who are known for being graceful, gentle and calm also has several verb expressions that express angry emotions. The emotional verbs of anger in Ngoko Javanese are ngamuk, greget, nesu, muring, ngelusuk, ngepruk, and ngerasa. This study takes the object of semantic study on the verb "similar to angry" in Ngoko Javanese. This study was conducted based on the data collected, namely the verb "similar to angry" spoken by the Javanese people. The main data in this study are sentences involving the verb "similar to angry" in Ngoko Javanese.
Iconisation and Sociolinguistics of Communication in Nigerian Poetry of English Expression
Authors: Arijeniwa Ademulegun Victor
Published: December 2024

This paper's objectives were to: (i) evaluate the iconic presentation of form in Nigerian poetry of English expression; and (ii) identify the textual organization and linguistic elements that serve as communicative signaling in Nigerian poetry. The study determines the implications of poetic discourse on society by using a qualitative research design to generate data and insights from the Peirce model of semiotic theory, specifically with regard to icons. Icons and a few sociolinguistic concepts, like the class variable, served as the foundation for this analysis. This study discovered that: 1. Nigerian poets employ iconic form presentation in their poetry. They can effectively convey their message to the readers by using this device. 2. Together, linguistic components and textual organization serve as articulate devices and communicative signaling, highlighting the expressive significance and implications of Nigerian poetry. The primary focus of literary creation ought to be moral principles. In a time like this, when people desperately need literary works that will change some "maladaptive behavior" in members of society, no work of literature that merely entertains and does not educate the general public can meet the needs of society. Given this, it is advised that poets from Nigeria in particular, as well as literary writers generally, question the moral decay of society and offer solutions. This can be accomplished by presenting the decadence of society in an iconic manner. If applied, social iconization will lead to intellectualism that corrects society's problems.
Addressing Student Tardiness Through a Strategic Reward System: A Study Among Grade 12 Students
Authors: Montederamos Charis Eime A.
Published: December 2024

This action research explored the effectiveness of a Strategic Reward System (SRS) in reducing student tardiness among Grade 12 students at Libertad National High School. The main objective was to determine whether implementing a structured reward system could significantly decrease instances of tardiness and enhance punctuality. The study employed a pre- and post-observation design, collecting data from student attendance records before and after the implementation of a lottery-based SRS. The intervention provided tangible incentives for on-time attendance, and the results were analyzed using a Mean Percentage Score and a T-test to assess the significance of changes in student behavior. The findings revealed a notable reduction in student tardiness, with statistical analysis confirming a significant difference between pre-and post-intervention data. The results align with existing literature on the positive impact of reward-based strategies in educational settings. It is suggested that schools adopt a structured reward system as part of their behavior management policy to foster a culture of punctuality and enhance student engagement. Future research should expand on these findings by exploring the application of reward systems across diverse educational contexts and incorporating gamified elements to sustain student motivation.
Analyzing Audit Follow-Up Performance: Comparison Before and During SIPTL Application Implementation
Authors:   Study Program of Accountant Profession (PPAK), Business & Economic Faculty, Tarumanagara University, Jl. Tanjung Duren Utara No.1, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia”, Jaelani Ahmad , Iskak Jamaludin ,   Study Program of Accountant Profession (PPAK), Business & Economic Faculty, Tarumanagara University, Jl. Tanjung Duren Utara No.1, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia”
Published: December 2024

This study examines the impact of the SIPTL system on the performance of local governments in Indonesia in addressing audit recommendations. Using a quasi-experimental approach, the research compares follow-up performance data before (2015-2016) and after (2017-2023) the SIPTL implementation. Paired sample t-tests reveal substantial improvements in the volume and compliance of follow-up actions, along with a significant reduction in unresolved recommendations during the SIPTL period. These findings indicate that the SIPTL system has enhanced the efficiency and effectiveness of audit processes, promoting better governance and accountability. The study highlights the potential of digital platforms like SIPTL to streamline public sector oversight and reduce financial irregularities, offering valuable insights for policymakers and system developers. By providing empirical evidence of SIPTL’s sustained impact on governance, this research contributes to the broader discourse on leveraging information systems for improved public sector accountability.
An Evaluation of General Mathematics Course using Countenance Stake Evaluation Model
Authors:   Faculty Member, Notre Dame University, Baybayan Jericho Y.
Published: December 2024

The entrance exam score results of students at one university in Central Mindanao, Philippines based from the OSAT – A Test revealed that most of the students belong to the dull normal to average IQ category. In this study, through countenance stake evaluation model by Robert Stake, the General Mathematics Couse at Senior High School was evaluated checking if the goals are being met through (1) identifying the suitability of learning planning and (2) the learning process, (3) the appropriateness of learning assessments, and (4) the student learning outcomes which involves the antecedents (context), transactions (process), and outcomes (output). The data gathered were the admission test results of the students, the curriculum map from the Department of Education, the curriculum map from the school, the learning plans which includes the lessons and projects, and the formative and summative assessments from the teachers teaching General Mathematics which was content validated by five Mathematics experts and was computed through Aiken’s Validity Index. The evaluation showed that the antecedent component is somehow evident as evidenced by the lesson plans for the first quarter. The transaction component, was somehow efficient as evidenced by the Teacher’s Efficiency Scale results. Finally, the outcome component showed that most of the students are still in the average level noting also that as majority of the students before belong to the lower half of the classification (dull normal to below average), now, majority of the students are in the higher half of the classification (above average to genius).