bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategy and Implementation of Integrating Character Education in Organizational Activities at Muhammadiyah Cipanas Senior High School
Authors: Darmawan Gani , Rochim Maksum Muh Nur , Ali Mustofa Triono
Published: February 2025

Responding to the problem of the character education process has not been maximized, as well as to face the challenges of rapid technological advancement that has given birth to globalization and socio-cultural shifts, Islamic programs are expected to have a positive impact on character education, while the Muhammadiyah Student Association is an organization in which it has an Islamic program. This study aims to describe the implementation of character education in the Islamic program of the Muhammadiyah Student Association Branch of Muhammadiyah Cipanas Senior High School, the inhibiting factors, and also the solutions to overcome them. This research uses a qualitative approach, with data collection methods in the form of in-depth observations, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques in this study go through the stages of data reduction, data display, data verification, and conclusion. The results of this study show that the implementation of character education in the Islamic program of the Muhammadiyah Student Association Branch of Muhammadiyah Cipanas High School includes introductory activities such as FORTASI activities, training activities such as PKDTM 1, and routine activities or habituation such as tadarus. The factors that hinder the implementation of character education in the Islamic program of the Muhammadiyah Student Association Branch of Muhammadiyah Cipanas Senior High School are: 1) Focus on Academic Achievement, 2) Lack of Interesting Religious Learning, 3) Popular Culture Influence, 4) Lack of Model Role, 5) Technological Development, 6) Lack of Parental Participation, and 7) Free Association. The solutions are: 1) Integration of Islamic Values in All Subjects, 2) Development of a Creative Religious Curriculum, 3) Improvement of the Quality of Teachers on Religion, 4) Cooperation with Parents, 5) Utilization of Technology, 6) Formation of Communities/Study Groups, 7) Interesting Religious Activities, and 8) Continuous Evaluation.
The Role of Local Government Area Administrators in The Development of Football in Taraba State Nigeria
Authors: Bitrus Kirim Akawu
Published: February 2025

Objective: This research investigates the role of Local Government administrators in the development of football in Taraba State, Nigeria. The study aims to explore the contributions of local governments to football development, identify the factors hindering its progress, examine the relationship between local government administration and football development, and evaluate the standards of football facilities in the local government areas of Taraba State. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework is based on the concept of grassroots sports development, emphasizing the role of local governance in promoting sustainable sports growth. Literature Review: A review of the literature highlights a significant gap in the attention given to football development in rural areas of Nigeria, with existing studies primarily focusing on national-level football advancement. This neglect has adversely affected the growth of the sport in hinterlands such as Taraba State. Methods: The research adopts a descriptive survey design using an ex post facto approach. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire targeting local football players, coaches, teams, and officiating officials in Taraba State. A purposive sampling technique was employed, and a sample size of 300 respondents was selected. Data were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, frequency, percentages, and a one-sample t-test at a 0.05 level of significance. Results: The findings reveal a lack of adequate involvement of local government administrators in football development, poor standards of football facilities, and several factors impeding growth, such as inadequate funding, lack of infrastructure, and insufficient training programs. The results underscore the critical relationship between effective local governance and grassroots sports development. Implications: This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by highlighting the importance of local government intervention in fostering sports development at the grassroots level. It calls for strategic investments, policy formulation, and active collaboration between stakeholders to revitalize football in Taraba State. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the intersection of local governance and rural football development.
The Influence of the Internet to Improve Students' Understanding of Arabic Vocabulary: A Semi-Experimental Study at Al-Mutahar Falyurid Islamic High School
Authors: Nurzannah Assyifa , Munir Dede Rizal , Fajar Ahmad , Luthfi Taufik
Published: February 2025

This research is motivated by the problems that occur in the process of teaching vocabulary for the tenth grade, which are the students' lack of understanding of teaching the Arabic language, the student's lack of interest in teaching the Arabic language, and the lack of student activity in teaching the Arabic language. This study aims to determine the effect of using the Internet on increasing students' understanding of Arabic vocabulary. The method used in this study is the use of quantitative methods with experimental study types and quasi-experimental designs. Data were collected in this study using observation, tests, and interviews. As for the results of this study, it was found that online media affected students' understanding of the study of vocabulary, which can be seen through an increase in the average score of students in the post-test, which reached 82.73. The regression test "F" value: is 10.777 with a value of 0.04 and the "T" test: is 3.283. with a value of 0.00. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Internet has an impact on teaching vocabulary to students
Boarding Model Education Concept to Improve the Quality of Pesantren Education
Authors: Sigit Raharja
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to determine the picture of the implementation of dormitory pattern education to improve the quality of Islamic education at PPMI Assalaam Sukoharjo, supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of dormitory pattern education to improve the quality of Islamic education at PPMIA, the results of dormitory pattern education to improve the quality of Islamic education at PPMIA. Research paradigm: qualitative, types: field research, with approaches: historical, sociological, normative theological, pedagogical, psychological, and managerial. Data sources: primary and secondary. The research location is at PPMI Assalaam Sukoharjo. Data collection techniques with in-depth interviews, documentation, and observation. Data validity testing uses data triangulation based on a data source, technique, and time. The analysis used is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of the study are The implementation of dormitory pattern education in Assalaam has been going well, the activity program is jam-dense with intensive mentoring, coaching and supervision, integrated and comprehensive. The supporting factors are human resources, infrastructure, good management and curriculum, as well as support from parents, the community, and related agencies. The inhibiting factor is the bad character of students and parents who do not understand boarding school. The results include cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. The recommendations of education providers are committed and consistent to condition students to be able to adjust, feel comfortable and be able to learn well in boarding school, fulfilment and development of eight national education standards, and education management based on superior integrated quality management.
Forming a Solid Foundation: The Role of Early Childhood Education in Character Development
Authors: Ginting Tarissa Gunaly
Published: February 2025

This article highlights the important role of education in the early stages of a child's development in shaping positive values, attitudes, and behaviours. Formation of a Solid Foundation: The Role of Early Childhood Education in Character Development is an in-depth topic on the significance of early childhood education in forming strong and ethical character through an interdisciplinary approach method, this article combines the concepts of developmental psychology, education, and ethics to explore how early childhood education can provide a solid foundation for good character development. Conduct a thorough literature review of research related to character formation in early childhood, theories of child development, and practices of character education at the preschool level. By emphasizing the importance of value-oriented parenting, positive social interaction, and appropriate intellectual stimulation, this article considers how early childhood education practices can help children become responsible, caring, and contributing individuals in society. Summarize the conclusions of the research and develop practical recommendations for early childhood education institutions in improving the effectiveness of character education practices. Thus, a better understanding of the role of early childhood education in character development can provide a strong foundation for empowered human development efforts in the future.
Tawhid Education in Overcoming Bullying Cases in Generation Z Adolescents: Prevention and Recovery Strategies
Authors: Munifah Muthia , Salwa Lugina Auliya , Fitri Dina Riska , Siregar Nur Indah , Safitri Putri Anahar , Ainunnisa Salsabila Rahma , Hidayat Febryan
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the design of appropriate prevention and recovery strategies by involving tawhid learning in cases of bullying that occur in Generation Z. The background of this study is the need for the right strategy to apply the understanding of tawhid in preventing bullying cases in the era of generation Z. The method used in this study is qualitative, with library research methods. Data was collected through literature studies and scientific papers of researchers who have been published as well as reviews of journals, articles, and scientific papers that can be trusted. The results showed that involving tawhid learning can minimize and prevent someone from bad behaviour including bullying behaviour. These findings indicate that applying monotheism learning can be an alternative method for preventing and stopping bullying cases that occur. This study concludes that applying tawhid learning in bullying prevention strategies can be a recommendation for educators and school administrators to consider the application of tawhid learning as an alternative method in preventing and stopping bullying cases that occur among Generation Z. This study has limitations on a limited sample of articles or journals under review and suggests for further research so that covers a wider and more diverse sample.
Islamic Education Strategies in Strengthening Character Education to Overcome Moral Challenges in the Digital Era
Authors: Naila Hanin Naswa  , Muthoifin
Published: January 2025

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore how character education can help overcome moral challenges arising from the use of digital technology and identify how to effectively integrate character education into the educational curriculum to form ethical attitudes and behaviors among students. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework used includes the concept of character education, which focuses on the formation of ethical values such as responsibility, empathy, and behavioral awareness in the context of the digital era. This theory also relates the role of character education in facing moral challenges caused by the development of digital technology. Literature Review: The literature review includes the theory of character education, previous research on the impact of character education on student behavior, and its application in a digital context. The literature also includes the study of moral challenges in the digital age, such as cyberbullying, the spread of false information, and social interaction in cyberspace. Methods: The research methods used are literature review and case analysis. A literature review includes a review of relevant theories and research, while a case analysis involves an evaluation of character education programs that have been implemented in several educational institutions, including their impact and outcomes on students. Results: The results of the study show that effective character education can increase students' awareness of ethical behavior, digital responsibility, and empathy. In addition, character education programs have been proven to reduce cases of cyberbullying, and the spread of false information, and improve the quality of social interaction in cyberspace. Implications: This study underscores the importance of integrating character values into the educational curriculum. A structured approach is needed to implement character education, so that it can have a positive impact on shaping students' ethical attitudes and behaviors, especially in facing moral challenges in the digital era. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in the analysis of how character education can directly help students face specific moral challenges that arise as a result of the development of digital technology. This research also provides new insights into the success of character education programs in reducing problems such as cyberbullying and false information.
The potential of carbon sequestration in community forests for climate change mitigation and disaster risk reduction
Authors: Aprilia Rosa
Published: January 2025

Background: Climate change is a significant global concern, with its effects observed worldwide. Community forest management, which involves local communities in managing and utilizing forest resources, is a sustainable approach to forest preservation. This method not only provides economic benefits but also contributes to carbon sequestration, a strategy for mitigating global warming. This research explores the role of community forests in carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation, focusing on Sidodadi Village in Lawang District, Malang Regency. Method: The research used a quantitative approach, applying the allometric method for carbon calculation. Findings: The community forest in Sidodadi Village showed notable carbon sequestration: 381.0334 tons C/ha for Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), 374.8768 tons C/ha for Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale), and 40.9963 tons C/ha for Sengon (Albizia chinensis). Conclusion: The findings highlight the substantial carbon storage potential of community forests and their contribution to environmental sustainability. Raising public awareness of the importance of preserving these forests is crucial, given their role in combating climate change. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study emphasizes the significant contribution of community forests to carbon sequestration and the potential role they play in climate change mitigation, offering valuable insights for environmental management strategies.
Flood disaster management on the Ciliwung River
Authors: Paminto Jati Pamungkas  , Ary Kristianto  , Muhammad Dwi Prianto  , Robby Zidni Rahman  , Risky Teguh Firmansyah
Published: January 2025

Background: The Ciliwung River is one of the most important rivers in Tatar Pasundan, especially because it passes through the capital city of DKI Jakarta and often causes annual floods in its downstream areas. The length of this river reaches almost 120 km and passes through several areas, including Bogor Regency, Bogor City, Depok City, and DKI Jakarta Province. High rainfall is one of the factors that often causes flooding in areas around rivers. Methods: This research aims to analyze the management of flood disasters that occur due to the overflow of the Ciliwung River. The analysis carried out by the author used qualitative methods with a literature review. Findings: The results obtained from the literature review of several journals, namely flood management on the Ciliwung River, cannot still be said to be completely successful. This is because several factors trigger floods that have not yet been resolved and appropriate solutions are needed for flood-prone areas so that they can be revitalized so that they can provide direct benefits to the community.  Conclusion: The study highlights the persistent challenges in managing flood disasters caused by the overflow of the Ciliwung River. Despite various efforts, flood management in the Ciliwung River Basin has not been entirely successful. Several unresolved factors continue to trigger flooding, indicating the need for more effective and sustainable solutions. The revitalization of flood-prone areas is essential to mitigate the impact and provide direct benefits to the affected communities. Novelty/Originality of the Article: Unlike previous studies that focus on specific technical solutions, this research highlights the need for holistic revitalization of flood-prone areas, considering socio-environmental factors to enhance community resilience and sustainable flood mitigation strategies.
The interplay of community, corporate, and government interests: An analysis of forest and land fires (FLFS) in South Sumatera
Authors: Andarini Raras Nidya , Hasan Muhammad Aqil
Published: January 2025

Background: Forest and Land Fires (FLFs) in Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI), South Sumatera, pose significant ecological challenges. Driven by government policies, plantation businesses, and community activities, these fires spread due to peatlands and dry conditions. Satellite data from CIFOR shows an increasing affected area, from 150 km² in 2020 to over 250 km² in 2023, highlighting the urgent need for intervention. Methods: This study examines the complex interplay between community and company involvement, government policies, and FFGFs in OKI using a descriptive analytic approach method to enriched by a literature review, this study delves into the historical context and current state of forest and land fires in OKI. Findings: Previous research has highlighted the adverse impacts of these fires on the environment, economy, and community well-being, to address this, our hypothesis posits that collaborative efforts involving local communities, plantation companies, and government agencies can yield effective fire prevention and management strategies. Forest and land fires in OKI District are a complex issue because they are related to the awareness of the local community, plantation company management, and local government policies. Conclusions: The necessary effort is to encourage private plantation companies to support community involvement in the form of village-level fire control institutions facilitated by the local government. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study provides a novel approach by analyzing the role of community, plantation companies, and government policies in addressing forest and land fires (FLFs) in the Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) District. It proposes a collaborative solution, emphasizing the involvement of local communities through village-level fire control institutions, facilitated by the local government, to improve fire prevention and management strategies.
Youth perspectives on marine debris management through a community empowerment approach: A case study of a student workshop and its environmental impact
Authors: Rachman Indriyani , Matsumoto Toru
Published: January 2025

Background: This research examines efforts to address marine waste through the perspective of the younger generation, particularly Indonesian students. The aim is to discover problem-solving concepts to reduce marine waste based on the thoughts of young people studying environmental issues. Methods: The methodology involves a workshop with 30 students from 10 universities in Indonesia held on Ainoshima Island, Japan. Participants conducted direct observations of marine waste on the beach, attended informational sessions, and engaged in discussions to analyze problems and propose solutions. Data were collected through beach waste surveys, questionnaires, and focus group discussions. Findings: The results show that participants have a high awareness of the importance of addressing marine waste issues and are willing to actively engage in efforts to tackle them. Conclusion: Some of the recommended proposals include community education for coastal residents, enforcement of regulations, and provision of waste management facilities in coastal areas. This study highlights the important role of the younger generation in understanding and analyzing marine waste issues, as well as their potential contributions to formulating solutions to preserve marine ecosystem sustainability in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study highlights the perspectives of Indonesian students on marine waste, offering unique, youth-driven solutions. By conducting a workshop with direct observations and discussions, it emphasizes the role of young people in addressing environmental issues and provides original recommendations for waste reduction and marine ecosystem preservation.
Growth responses of cherry tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under elevated temperature and different nitrogen doses
Authors: Christian Ramot , Susila Anas Dinurrohman , Krisantini
Published: January 2025

Background : Cherry tomatoes are one of the horticultural crops that can potentially be cultivated with household farming systems to fulfil the food supply. The increasing global temperature caused by climate change makes growing cherry tomato plants challenging. Besides that, nitrogen efficiency in the cultivating process of cherry tomato plants is crucial. This study aims to know the growth responses of cherry tomato plants in temperature and nitrogen doses. Methods: A completely randomized design with two factors was used for this study. The first factor was the temperature (normal and high-temperature treatment). The second factor was the nitrogen doses (55 ppm, 110 ppm, and 165 ppm). Observations of growth characteristics included plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root-shoot ratio, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, plant canopy diameter, and growth index. Findings: On day 8, normal temperature was the best result for enhancing the number of leaves. Besides that, nitrogen 55 ppm was the most effective for increasing the number of leaves. Next, at day 20, normal temperature was the best result for increasing leaf number, stem diameter, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, and growth index. Then, nitrogen 110 ppm + normal temperature was the most significant response of root-shoot ratio. Conclusion: Normal temperature and minimal nitrogen doses were the most effective conditions for enhancing the growth of cherry tomato plants.  Novelty/Originality of this article: This study examines cherry tomato plants' remarkable ability to grow at normal temperature and minimum nitrogen level.
Community structure of Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda): Response to vegetation variation and environmental parameters in mangrove ecosystems
Authors: Putri Liani Aliwu  , Baderan Dewi Wahyuni K. , Regina Valentina Aydalina  , Zuliyanto Zakaria  , Marini Susanti Hamidun
Published: January 2025

Background: Mangrove ecosystems are crucial for maintaining biodiversity, including crab communities, which are vital to the stability of these ecosystems. Crabs contribute to nutrient cycling and the food web, reinforcing the overall ecological health of coastal habitats. This study focuses on the crab communities in the mangrove area of Tabongo Village, Dulupi District, Boalemo Regency, examining how environmental conditions affect their distribution and diversity. Methods: The research involved surveys at three stations representing different mangrove vegetation conditions. Crab species were identified and their diversity and abundance recorded. Environmental parameters, such as temperature, salinity, and pH, were measured, and the diversity index (H') was calculated to assess species diversity and the relationship between crab communities and environmental factors. Findings: A total of 11 crab species from 4 families were identified, including Uca (Paraleptuca) annulipes and Ocypode ceratophthalmus. The diversity index ranged from 1.3 to 1.6, indicating moderate diversity. Environmental conditions, with temperatures between 32–34 °C, salinity from 13–19 ppt, and pH from 6.5 to 7, were conducive to crab survival. Station III, with healthier mangrove vegetation, supported greater crab diversity and abundance compared to degraded stations. Conclusion: The study highlights the crucial role of healthy mangrove ecosystems in sustaining crab biodiversity and ecosystem stability. It underscores the importance of mangrove conservation for maintaining biodiversity and protecting coastal ecosystems from degradation. Novelty/Originality of this article: By linking the health of mangrove ecosystems to crab diversity and abundance, it emphasizes the direct impact of environmental factors on crab populations. The findings highlight the importance of mangrove conservation not only for species richness but also for maintaining the ecological balance in coastal ecosystems, offering valuable data for future biodiversity management and conservation efforts.
Sustainable tourism development strategy: Integration of environmental, social, and economic sustainability in business and economic research
Authors: Manggaprouw Ramayana Edilio , Wurarah Rully Novie , Mustiah Djumiati
Published: January 2025

Background: Tourism development in Kabui Bay, Raja Ampat, faces unique challenges in integrating local economic interests with environmental and social sustainability. Methods: This study evaluates the tourism potential in Kabui Bay by focusing on implementing ecotourism principles and local community participation. The study identified key factors that influence sustainable tourism development through a qualitative methodology that included in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analyses. Findigns: The results showed that although Kabui Bay has excellent potential as an ecotourism destination, there is an urgent need for sustainable infrastructure development, capacity building of local communities, and effective marketing strategies to attract tourists. Conclusion: The research recommends closer cooperation between government stakeholders, the private sector, and local communities to ensure that tourism development brings equitable economic benefits while maintaining the cultural values and natural wealth of Kabui Bay. Novelty/Origanality of this article: This study uniquely highlights the integration of ecotourism principles with local community participation in Kabui Bay, emphasizing the need for sustainable infrastructure and strategic collaboration for balanced tourism development.
The social security for female workers in Indonesia: A gender equality perspective
Authors: Hanoum Fatma Khalida , Imelda Johanna Debora
Published: January 2025

Background: The number of women workers in Indonesia has increased steadily from 2020 to 2024. Women have reproductive roles and are entitled to rights in the workplace, including maternity leave, miscarriage leave, menstrual leave, and breastfeeding breaks. However, these rights are sometimes not provided according to Indonesian Law Number 13 of 2003 on Manpower. Maternity rights are crucial for women’s well-being and should be granted in line with applicable laws. Methods: The research method used in this journal is a literature review in the form of case studies. Seven case journals in Indonesia were used as the primary references for this study. The research was conducted without comparing the main reference journals. Findings: The study found that women workers, both formal and informal, are employed across various sectors in Indonesia. Social protection guarantees for women, such as social insurance and employer obligations, exist but are not consistently implemented. Some companies cooperate with BPJS Employment, while others provide maternity, miscarriage, menstrual leave, and breastfeeding breaks. However, the lack of proper supervision by the government and labor unions has led to insufficient implementation of these protections, hindering the improvement of women’s welfare. Conclusion: Social protection for women workers must be fulfilled by employers to ensure that women workers can still exercise their reproductive rights. Providing social protection in accordance with applicable regulations for women workers can enhance the social welfare of women workers. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study offers a unique perspective on the challenges in implementing social protection for women workers in Indonesia, highlighting gaps in supervision and enforcement, as well as the importance of fulfilling reproductive rights to improve women’s well-being.
Bibliometric analysis of ecocentrism: Perspective on sustainable development and addressing environmental issues
Authors: Setiawan Chandra Egy
Published: January 2025

Background: Ecocentrism, emphasizing the intrinsic value and interconnectedness of nature, has become a significant perspective in environmental and development fields. This article aims to explore research trends on ecocentrism using a science-mapping approach. Methods: A bibliometric analysis of 1,317 documents from Scopus (1982–2024) was conducted using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny to visualize research linkages. Findings: Research on ecocentrism has grown exponentially since 2010, with a peak in 2022. Key topics in this field include ecocide, ecocriticism, rights of nature, future generations, indigenous peoples, and posthumanism, providing a foundation for future studies. Conclusion: Ecocentrism plays a pivotal role in sustainable development, focusing on ecosystem restoration, responsible management, and ecological sustainability while promoting the rights of future generations and strengthening indigenous conservation efforts. Novelty/Originality of the Study: This study provides a comprehensive mapping of research on ecocentrism, revealing its growing significance and key topics that are central to advancing future ecological research and sustainable development.
The Batak Toba Tribe’s Cultural Capital in the Context of Protecting Natural Resources from Environmental Threats
Authors: Lumbanbatu Herbert A
Published: January 2025

Background: The Batak Toba tribe predominantly inhabits the Lake Toba area. Lake Toba and the Batak Toba tribe have a strong, unchangeable connection. The historically valued traditions of the Batak Toba tribe have developed over generations due to their interactions with Lake Toba, although they now face the threat of obsolescence and discord. Ecosystem services and tourism attractions are mostly utilized for economic purposes, lacking regard for local wisdom or cultural significance. Consequently, various degradations and environmental damages are inflicted by human activities and company operations in the Lake Toba area. This study aims to explore and provide the distinct cultural values of the Batak Toba tribe to promote the future sustainability of Lake Toba's ecosystem services, including protection against environmental threats and degradation. Methods: The employed methodology involved literature research and content analysis, augmented with videos obtained from diverse YouTube channels. Findings: The cultural values of the Batak Toba tribe that foster the sustainability of Lake Toba's ecosystem services encompass aek do hangoluan, poda na lima, marsirimpa, mambongoti bagas, and numerous Batak Toba songs pertaining to Lake Toba, including O Tao Toba, Tano Toba, Tao Toba Nauli, HORAS!, and Pulo Samosir. The abundance and diversity of these cultural values are expected to provide knowledge, enhance awareness among future generations of the Batak Toba tribe, and motivate a culture-driven environmental restoration initiative focused on restoring and preserving the ecological services of Lake Toba. Conclusions: The study provides a significant ecological and cultural connection between the Batak Toba tribe and Lake Toba, dating back to the era of their ancestors. Consequently, it shall remain inseparable. Novelty/Originality of this article:  The novelty of this research lies in the exploration of Toba Batak cultural values as a local wisdom-based approach to maintaining the sustainability of Lake Toba ecosystem services.
Hepatoprotective Activity of Vitex Negundo and Hygrophila auriculata Extracts in combination
Authors: Khantal Anjali , Bais Nidhi
Published: January 2025

Liver diseases, including cirrhosis, hepatitis, and drug-induced liver injury, are major global health concerns. Traditional medicinal plants, such as Vitex Negundo and Hygrophila auriculata, have shown promising hepatoprotective properties due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative effects. This review explores the hepatoprotective potential of these two plants, focusing on their individual properties and the potential synergistic benefits of their combination. Vitex Negundo is known for its strong antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing effects, while Hygrophila auriculata excels in promoting liver regeneration and enhancing detoxification enzymes. When used together, they may offer enhanced protection against liver injury by reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, stabilizing hepatocyte membranes, and promoting tissue repair. However, several challenges and limitations need to be addressed, including the lack of clinical validation, variability in extract standardization, potential drug-herb interactions, and concerns regarding toxicity at higher doses. Future research should focus on conducting human clinical trials, standardizing formulations, exploring synergistic mechanisms, assessing safety, and promoting sustainable cultivation practices. Addressing these challenges will be crucial in developing reliable hepatoprotective therapies based on the combination of Vitex Negundo and Hygrophila auriculata.
New Method Development and Validation of Bexagliflozin by UV- Visible Spectroscopy
Authors: . Satpal , Chandrul Kaushal Kishore , Sharma Gaurav Kumar
Published: January 2025

The proposed analytical methods for estimating bexagliflozin in marketed formulations have successfully met the objectives of this research work. These methods are distinguished by their simplicity, rapidity, accuracy, and reproducibility, making them highly suitable for practical applications in pharmaceutical analysis. The established linear range of 5-25 μg/mL for bexagliflozin, coupled with correlation coefficients close to one, demonstrates the robustness and reliability of the proposed methods. This linearity is essential for ensuring that the method can accurately quantify bexagliflozin across a range of concentrations encountered in pharmaceutical formulations. The validation process for these methods included rigorous recovery studies, which yielded satisfactory results, indicating that the methods are capable of providing accurate and precise results in the analysis of bexagliflozin. These recovery studies involved spiking known amounts of the drug into the sample matrix and assessing the percentage of the drug that was recovered after analysis. The results confirmed that the methods can reliably measure bexagliflozin content, ensuring compliance with quality control standards. Furthermore, precision was evaluated through various parameters, including repeatability (intra-day precision), intermediate precision (inter-day precision), and reproducibility. The results from these evaluations demonstrated consistent and reliable performance of the methods; with low % RSD values indicating minimal variability in the results. This level of precision is critical in pharmaceutical analysis, where accurate dosing and quality assurance are paramount. Overall, the developed analytical methods for bexagliflozin not only fulfill the requirements for regulatory compliance but also provide a dependable tool for routine quality control in pharmaceutical settings.
Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Plumbago zeylanica using Different Extraction Techniques
Authors: Tripathi Chetana , Jain Sachin Kumar , Vengurlekar Sudha
Published: January 2025

Diarrheal diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in developing regions, underscoring the need for effective treatments. This study explores the antidiarrhoeal potential of Plumbago zeylanica through bioactivity-guided fractionation and multiple extraction techniques. Methanolic, aqueous, and hydroalcoholic extracts of Plumbago zeylanica roots were evaluated for antidiarrhoeal activity using castor oil-induced diarrhea model in Wistar rats. Methanolic extract at 400 mg/kg significantly reduced diarrhea by 78% (p<0.01) and gastrointestinal transit by 65% (p<0.01). Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts showed moderate effects, with reductions of 58% and 63% in diarrhea, respectively. The findings validate the traditional use of Plumbago zeylanica for treating diarrhea and highlight plumbagin as a promising lead molecule with significant antidiarrhoeal potential.
Formulation Development and Comprehensive In Vitro Evaluation of Silymarin-Integrated Isoniazid Tablets for Potential Therapeutic Efficacy in Tuberculosis Treatment
Authors: Jatav Pooja , Shrivastava Ruchi Khare
Published: January 2025

Isoniazid (INH) is a cornerstone due to its potent bactericidal activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, its extended use is frequently associated with hepatotoxicity, a severe side effect that can lead to discontinuation of therapy and compromise treatment outcomes. INH-induced hepatotoxicity is primarily attributed to the generation of reactive metabolites that cause oxidative stress and hepatocyte damage. Silymarin, derived from the seeds of Silybum marianum, is a well-known natural hepatoprotective agent. This makes it a promising candidate for mitigating drug-induced liver injuries, including those caused by INH. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a novel combination tablet of silymarin and isoniazid, formulated using the direct compression method. The combination tablets were subjected to a comprehensive evaluation encompassing physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release studies, stability testing, and preclinical efficacy assessments. The optimized formulation, designated as F3, demonstrated desirable mechanical and release characteristics, with a hardness of 5.8 kg/cm² and friability of 0.4%. In vitro release studies revealed rapid release of isoniazid, achieving 96.5% within the first hour, ensuring effective anti-mycobacterial action. Concurrently, silymarin was released in a sustained manner over 8 hours, providing prolonged hepatoprotective effects. In conclusion, the novel silymarin-isoniazid combination tablet offers a dual advantage of effective anti-TB therapy and substantial hepatoprotection. This formulation represents a significant advancement in TB treatment strategies, with the potential to enhance patient adherence and treatment outcomes by mitigating INH-induced hepatotoxicity. The drug content remaining at 98.96% and no change in dissolution behavior.
A Review on Advancements in Lipid-Based Nanoparticles for Vaccine Adjuvant and Antigen Delivery
Authors: Gulati Priya , Chandila Versha , Parashar Ashish Kumar , Sethi Vandana Arora
Published: January 2025

Liposomes, which are microscopic spherical structures composed of lipid bilayers, have emerged as highly promising candidates, offering both adjuvant and delivery system properties for vaccines. Their versatility has been particularly highlighted by the successful application of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) in COVID- 19 vaccines, where they serve as efficient carriers for mRNA. This review aims to delve deeper into the various methodologies for formulating lipid-based systems designed to deliver a broad spectrum of vaccines, encompassing protein, carbohydrate, and nucleic acid-based vaccines. Lipid systems not only enhance the stability and efficacy of vaccines but also improve their immunogenicity by facilitating controlled and targeted release of the antigen. Moreover, the potential to combine these systems with other technologies opens avenues for the development of multi-component vaccines capable of targeting several disease mechanisms simultaneously. Through this exploration, the review underscores the ongoing research and development efforts focused on optimizing lipid-based delivery platforms, shedding light on the prospects of overcoming current vaccine-related challenges and contributing to the global fight against complex diseases.
A Review on Sublingual Drug Delivery: Enhancing Bioavailability and Therapeutic Outcomes
Authors: Joshi Deepak , Choudhary Naveen K.
Published: January 2025

Bypassing the GI tract and first-pass metabolism, sublingual medication administration boosts bioavailability and achieves quick therapeutic effects. This technique takes advantage of the sublingual area's weak mucosal barrier and abundant vascularization to speed up the beginning of action and improve the efficacy of the medicine. Additional improvements to medication performance and patient compliance have been made possible by recent developments in sublingual formulations, including nanoencapsulation, fast-dissolving tablets, and sublingual films. Emerging trends in the field include personalized medicine, which tailors treatments based on individual patient needs, and the integration of digital health technologies for dose monitoring and adherence tracking. Additionally, innovations in bioenhancers and permeation enhancers aim to overcome challenges related to drug solubility and absorption. Despite these advancements, challenges such as drug stability, taste masking, and patient compliance persist. Future research focuses on addressing these limitations through enhanced formulation techniques, improved patient education, and streamlined regulatory processes. Overall, sublingual drug delivery continues to evolve, offering significant benefits for therapeutic efficacy and patient care while paving the way for future developments in pharmacotherapy.
Effect of CpG Site -123 Methylation in HOTAIR Promoter on DNMT3A Binding and Transcriptional Silencing in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Dey Hrithik , Mathur Harshita , Chatterjee Neel , Jadon Ruchi
Published: January 2025

Endometrial cancer is a common malignancy with significant epigenetic alterations, particularly involving DNA methylation. The long non-coding RNA HOTAIR regulates gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. This review investigates the specific impact of methylation at CpG site -123 within the HOTAIR promoter region on DNMT3A binding and the effects on transcriptional silencing. Understanding these interactions provides insights into HOTAIR’s epigenetic regulation and highlights potential therapeutic targets for endometrial cancer.
Revisión Sistemática y Metanálisis de la prevalencia y Métodos de Diagnóstico de la Leucosis Bovina (BLV)
Authors: Ferrier Abidar Francis
Published: February 2025

La leucosis bovina, causada por el virus de la leucemia bovina (BLV), constituye una preocupación significativa en la industria ganadera por su asociación con la leucosis bovina enzoótica (EBL) y el linfosarcoma, lo que se traduce en considerables impactos económicos y sanitarios. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue evaluar la efectividad y confiabilidad de los métodos de diagnóstico empleados para detectar la infección por BLV, así como estimar su prevalencia global en diferentes poblaciones bovinas. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, abarcando un período previamente definido (indicado en el manuscrito). Tras filtrar 581 estudios, 15 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se llevó a cabo un metanálisis con modelo de efectos aleatorios mediante el software Stata, obteniéndose una prevalencia combinada del 31% (IC del 95%: 25–37%), acompañada de alta heterogeneidad. Los métodos diagnósticos más empleados fueron la inmunodifusión en gel de agar (AGID) y los ensayos ELISA (incluida la iELISA), mientras que el uso de pruebas moleculares avanzadas (qPCR y ddPCR) evidenció la necesidad de estandarización para reducir la variabilidad interlaboratorio. La iELISA demostró mayor sensibilidad comparada con AGID, subrayando la importancia de adoptar métodos con alto rendimiento diagnóstico. En conclusión, la heterogeneidad de los resultados y la existencia de múltiples metodologías empleadas reflejan la necesidad de un enfoque unificado y validado internacionalmente. Se enfatiza la urgencia de continuar investigando nuevas herramientas diagnósticas y de gestionar eficientemente los rebaños a través de protocolos sanitarios robustos. Estos hallazgos brindan una base sólida para orientar futuras estrategias de control y erradicación de la leucosis bovina.
MEMBUMIKAN ASAS IDEALITAS DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN MELALUI HUKUM TATA NEGARA (SIYASAH) DI INDONESIA
Authors: Robin Al , Nasrullah  , Rahyu Putri
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini berupaya untuk menyelidiki prinsip-prinsip idealitas dari perspektif Al-Qur'an dengan menganalisis hukum negara Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metedo pustaka (library research), dengan pengumpulan data yang didasarkan pada teknik deskriptif dan analitis. Meneliti prinsip-prinsip idealitas yang diungkapkan dalam QS. Al-Baqarah: 126 dan QS. Ibrahim: 35, beserta penerapannya di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini mengenai prinsip-prinsip yang diungkapkan dalam QS. Al-Baqarah:126 dan QS. Ibrahim: 35 adalah sebagai berikut: Doa Nabi Ibrahim AS agar Mekah dijadikan kota yang aman dan tenang selamanya, bersama permohonannya agar dirinya dan keturunannya dijauhkan dari penyembahan berhala dan hanya menyembah Allah SWT, telah dikabulkan. Dalam Al-Qur'an, Nabi Ibrahim AS mengungkapkan aspirasi melalui doa, yang juga kita harapkan; yaitu, keinginan agar tempat tinggal atau bangsa kita berubah menjadi lingkungan yang aman, tenang, dan damai, tetapi dalam manifestasi yang berbeda. Selain doa, kita dapat menegakkan legislasi konstitusi di Indonesia untuk mengatur urusan nasional dan kenegaraan, dengan mengakui Islam sebagai agama "ideal" yang penuh kasih sayang untuk semua (rahmatan lil’alamin), yang seharusnya menjadi ambisi dan visi semua umat Muslim. Akibatnya, umat Muslim menjalankan tugas mulia untuk mempromosikan kebajikan dan melarang keburukan guna mewujudkan Islam yang "fungsional" dan "aktual" dalam kerangka bangsa dan negara.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Transactional Analysis (TA) Training on the Mental Health of Female Middle School Students
Authors: Shirali Kharamin Salam , Moradian Mahboubeh
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Transactional Analysis (TA) training on the mental health of female middle school students in Yasuj city. A quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control groups was utilized. The sample consisted of 50 female students selected based on their General Health Questionnaire scores and randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. TA training was delivered over 9 weeks, with assessments conducted before and after the intervention. The experimental group showed significant improvements in mental health scores post-intervention (M = 31.72, SD = 13.81) compared to the control group (M = 28.96, SD = 10.23), with an F value of 20.91 indicating the effectiveness of TA training at p < 0.01. TA training significantly enhances the mental health of female middle school students, suggesting its potential as a valuable tool in educational settings for promoting psychological well-being.