bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turkish Experience with Totalitarianism and Fascism: Tracing the Intellectual Origins
Authors: Ter-Matevosyan Vahram
Published: December 2015

Many facets of ideological transformation in Turkey between the 1910s and 1930s have been extensively discussed but many more still remain to be studied and contextualised. One of these aspects concerns the existing disagreement in the scholarship over Turkey’s experience with another manifestation of totalitarianism, and particularly with fascism. The present paper explores this generally overlooked dimension and argues that even the limited research on fascism in Turkey has been mainly done from comparative perspectives. This dominant methodological approach has long prevailed the field and diverted scholarly attention from the essence of the problem. Therefore, the author aims to explore the problem by not identifying similarities and differences of the Unionism of the Young Turks era and Kemalism with their contemporary totalitarian currents; instead, the analysis will be mainly limited to the Turkish context and practices in order to trace the local manifestations of “global fascism”. He also argues that there is a compelling continuity of totalitarian ideological and political practices between the Young Turks and the Kemalists.
Why Repentance Affects Divine Punishment but Not Human Punishment?
Authors: Shafat Shoval
Published: December 2015

The aim of the discussion in this article is to explore two different Rabbinic explanations for the status of repentance in human and divine punishment, and to emphasize the essential distinction between them. According to the first explanation the source of accepting repentance is divine mercy upon human beings. Since mercy is not a legitimate consideration in conviction or even in determination of punishment in Jewish criminal law there is no wonder why repentance does not have any role during the criminal procedures in rabbinic court. According to the second explanation the acceptance of repentance by God is similar to the acceptance of flattery and bribe by a Roman corrupted judge. God decides to accept repentance and to forgive the transgressors since it better serves God’s interests. This analogy between repentance and flattery and bribery then explains why rabbinic courts do not take repentance into account.
Juvenile and mature wood characteristics of short and long rotation teak in Java
Authors: Darmawan Wayan , Nandika Dodi , Sari Rita Kartika , Sitompul Annisah , Rahayu Istie , Gardner Douglas
Published: December 2015

Teak wood (Tectona grandis) as an important forest resource in Indonesia has been processed to wood furniture in large quantities to fulfill an increasing need of both local and international consumers. To satisfy the increasing demand for wood products, teak wood has been supplied from the State forests (Perhutani) and Community teak plantations. Community teak has been harvested at shorter age rotations (7–10 years) than Perhutani teak (40–60 years). This paper discusses the occurrence and characteristics of juvenile wood in Perhutani and Community teak based on density, shrinkage, bending strength (modulus of rupture - MOR, modulus of elasticity - MOE), fiber length, and microfibril angle (MFA). A segmented modeling approach was used to find the juvenile mature transition. Fiber length and MFA appear to be good anatomical indicators of radial increment demarcation between juvenile and mature wood, although maturation radial increment varies slightly between the fiber length and MFA. The use of radial increment density, shrinkage, MOR, and MOE were not appropriate, because of low coefficients of determination and a large range of radial increment for transition from juvenile to mature wood. The maturations were estimated to start at radial increments 10 and 14 cm from the pith by fiber length, and 11 and 15 cm from the pith by MFA for Perhutani and Community teak, respectively. The projected figures for the proportion of juvenile wood at breast height for Perhutani and Community teak were 65% and 100%, respectively. The results also indicate that short-rotation Community teak was not remarkably inferior in shrinkage, MOE and MOR compared to Perhutani teak, although it was less dense, less attractive and less durable due to lower heartwood content. Therefore, careful attention should be given to the use of the Community teak in some wood-processing technologies.
A review of the world Cyphocarididae with description of three new species (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Lysianassoidea)
Authors: HUGHES LAUREN E. , LOWRY JAMES K.
Published: December 2015

The world Cyphocarididae are reviewed with new distribution records provided for eight taxa including three new species of Cyphocaris, C. ananke, C. nesoi and C. tartaros. Based on collections from Greenland a neotype is established for the type species Cyphocaris anonyx Boeck, 1871. An updated key to the 17 known world species of cyphocarids is provided.
Review of the world species of Spaniopus Walker, 1833 (Hymenoptera:
Pteromalidae), with description of a new species from the Russian Far East
Authors: TSELIKH EKATERINA
Published: December 2015

The species of Spaniopus Walker, 1833 (Pteromalidae) are reviewed. A new species from the Russian Far East, S. belokobylskiji sp. nov., is described and illustrated. Redescriptions and illustrations of all available types of Spaniopus species are provided. A key for the identification of the twelve known species of Spaniopus is given. Five species, Spaniopus fulvicornis Bouček, S. japonicus Kamijo, S. nigriceps Kamijo, S. sasacolae Kamijo and S. varicornis Bouček are recorded from Russia for the first time.
A review of the family Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Egypt,
with thirty three new records
Authors: GADALLAH NEVEEN S. , YEFREMOVA ZOYA A. , YEGORENKOVA EKATERINA N. , SOLIMAN AHMED M. , EL-GHIET USAMA M. ABU , EDMARDASH YUSUF A. , EDMARDASH YUSUF A.
Published: December 2015

A checklist of Eulophidae (excluding Entiinae) is presented based primarily on a total of 155 specimens collected from 23 localities in Egypt during the period of April 2012 to June 2014, mostly by sweep net. Altogether, 55 species in 22 genera and 3 subfamilies (Entedoninae, Eulophinae and Tetrastichinae) are recorded, of which 6 genera (Dicladocerus Westwood, Euplectrus Westwood, Entedon Dalman, Neotrichoporoides Girault, Sigmophora Rondani and Sympiesis Förster) and 33 species (60%) are newly reported for Egypt. The valid name and world distribution of each species are given; local distributions and host records for species previously recorded from Egypt are also given. Most of the species have a distribution characterized as Palaearctic, Afrotropical, or Indo-Malayan. About 4% are cosmopolitan in distribution.
Lethe elwesi (Moore) stat. rev., a distinct species, with description of a new subspecies from NW Yunnan, China (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)
Authors: LANG SONG-YUN , BOZANO GIAN CRISTOFORO
Published: December 2015

In this paper, the specific status of Lethe elwesi (Moore, 1892) stat. rev. is recovered and a new subspecies L. elwesi houjiangae Lang & Bozano ssp. nov. is described from NW Yunnan province, China. Lethe plistia Fruhstorfer, 1911 is still regarded as a subspecies of L. jalaurida (de Nicéville, 1880).
Description of Nemophora acaciae sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Adelidae) from Kenya
Authors: AGASSIZ DAVID J. L. , KOZLOV MIKHAIL V.
Published: December 2015

Nemophora acaciae sp. nov. is described from Kenya on the basis of a large series bred from flowers of Acacia seyal and A. lahai. The new species differs from all Afrotropical Nemophora species by its dark brown forewing fascia with white medial stripe near the costal margin of forewing. The key to the Afrotropical Nemophora species is provided.
Checklist of water bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha) of Slovakia
Authors: KLEMENTOVÁ BARBORA REDUCIENDO , KMENT PETR , SVITOK MAREK
Published: December 2015

The water bugs represent a significant component of the freshwater biota, play an important role in trophic webs, and may have considerable economic importance. Nevertheless, systematic research of this group has been underdeveloped in Slovakia (central Europe) for decades. This work presents a list of water bug species of Slovakia based on an exhaustive review of the literature (time span: 1808–2013) and on more than 14,000 individuals collected during extensive field campaigns (2010–2014) or obtained from insect collections. Fifty-six species belonging to 11 families of Heteroptera were recorded from a total of 767 sites. Seven species were recorded for the first time from Slovakia during our research. Among those, the first exact records of Corixa panzeri Fieber, 1848, Sigara (Subsigara) distincta (Fieber, 1848), Notonecta (Notonecta) lutea Müller, 1776, Notonecta (Notonecta) maculata Fabricius, 1794 and Microvelia (Microvelia) buenoi Drake, 1920 are provided here. Confusion concerning the records of two additional species, Arctocorisa carinata carinata (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819) and Hesperocorixa parallela (Fieber, 1860) is clarified. The water bugs species inventory appears to be nearly complete (~97 %) given an asymptotic richness estimate. The occurrence of other species is discussed taking into account their habitat requirements and distribution in neighbouring countries. Recommendations for future research are provided.
A new species of pouched octopus, Cistopus Gray, 1849 (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) from the southwest coast of India
Authors: SREEJA VIJAYAMMA , NORMAN MARK D. , KUMAR APPUKUTTANNAIR BIJU
Published: December 2015

Octopuses of the genus Cistopus Gray, 1849 are commercially valuable catches in the cephalopod fisheries of India. The primary and unique diagnostic character of this genus is the possession of eight small mucous pouches embedded in the oral faces of the webs between the bases of each arm. Historically only a single species of Cistopus, C. indicus, had been reported from Indian waters. In reviewing the octopod fauna off the Kerala coast, we have detected three species of Cistopus, of which one is described here as a new species. Cistopus platinoidus sp. nov. is distinct from Cistopus species described to date (C. indicus, C. taiwanicus and C. chinensis) on the basis of sucker counts, the number and position of enlarged suckers in males, and presence/absence of a calamus. Our studies of catch composition of Kerala octopod fisheries indicate a higher diversity of target species than previously suspected, including a number of undescribed species. Taxonomic resolution and collation of biological and distributional data are required for effective monitoring and management of these valuable fisheries.
On the synonymy of Dymantis Stål, 1861 and Eomyrochea Linnavuori, 1982 and resulting nomenclatural changes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: KMENT PETR , RIDER DAVID A.
Published: December 2015

The Afrotropical genus-group taxa Dymantis Stål, 1861 and Eomyrochea Linnavuori, 1982 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Myrocheini) are confirmed as objective synonyms, both sharing the same type species: Dymantis subvittata Stål, 1861. As a result, Dymantis (= Eomyrochea, syn. confirm.) is downgraded to a subgenus of Myrochea Amyot and Serville, 1843 and a new genus, Neodymantis gen. nov., is established for Dymantis sensu Linnavuori (1982) (type species Halys plana Fabricius, 1803). The following new combinations are proposed: Myrochea (Dymantis) subvittata (Stål, 1861), comb. nov., Neodymantis aias (Linnavuori, 1982), comb. nov., Neodymantis grisea (Jensen-Haarup, 1931), comb. nov., Neodymantis plana (Fabricius, 1803), comb. nov., and Neodymantis relata (Distant, 1898), comb. nov. The known distribution of the species involved is reviewed and the following new records are provided: Neodymantis aias from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, N. plana from Ghana and Togo.
In Situ–Based Reanalysis of the Global Ocean Temperature and Salinity with ISAS: Variability of the Heat Content and Steric Height
Authors: Gaillard Fabienne , Reynaud Thierry , Thierry Virginie , Kolodziejczyk Nicolas , von Schuckmann Karina
Published: December 2015

The In Situ Analysis System (ISAS) was developed to produce gridded fields of temperature and salinity that preserve as much as possible the time and space sampling capabilities of the Argo network of profiling floats. Since the first global reanalysis performed in 2009, the system has evolved, and a careful delayed-mode processing of the 2002–12 dataset has been carried out using version 6 of ISAS and updating the statistics to produce the ISAS13 analysis. This last version is now implemented as the operational analysis tool at the Coriolis data center. The robustness of the results with respect to the system evolution is explored through global quantities of climatological interest: the ocean heat content and the steric height. Estimates of errors consistent with the methodology are computed. This study shows that building reliable statistics on the fields is fundamental to improve the monthly estimates and to determine the absolute error bars. The new mean fields and variances deduced from the ISAS13 reanalysis and dataset show significant changes relative to the previous ISAS estimates, in particular in the Southern Ocean, justifying the iterative procedure. During the decade covered by Argo, the intermediate waters appear warmer and saltier in the North Atlantic and fresher in the Southern Ocean than in World Ocean Atlas 2005 long-term mean. At interannual scale, the impact of ENSO on the ocean heat content and steric height is observed during the 2006/07 and 2009/10 events captured by the network.
Explaining Dynamic Strategies for Defending Company Legitimacy: The Changing Outcomes of Anti-Sweatshop Campaigns in France and Switzerland
Authors: Balsiger Philip
Published: December 2015

This article analyzes and compares the dynamically changing outcomes of anti-sweatshop campaigns in France and Switzerland through a qualitative comparative case study using interviews and analysis of firsthand and secondary data. In both countries, some targeted firms made early concessions and later withdrew from those concessions. To explain these changing outcomes over time, the article develops a perspective that puts emphasis on interaction phases and highlights corporate strategic responses to anti-sweatshop movement demands. Analyzing those responses as driven by legitimacy contests between companies and activists, the study explains why anti-sweatshop movements had significant outcomes early on and shows the mechanisms that allowed firms to withdraw from initial concessions at a later stage. In the course of changing interaction dynamics and contexts, companies developed strategies building on competing sources of legitimacy to circumvent movement demands. The companies thereby compensated for the legitimacy losses inflicted by their withdrawal from earlier concessions and the legitimacy deficits of other solutions. The analysis reveals three strategies firms used to achieve and compensate legitimacy and discusses their contextual combination comparing the two cases: inter-firm cooperation, ethical product labels originating in collaborations with competing social movement actors, and publicly fighting back against campaign makers.
High-Frequency Acceleration
Authors: Alikhani M. , Lopez J.A. , Alabdullah H. , Vongthongleur T. , Sangsuwon C. , Alikhani M. , Alansari S. , Oliveira S.M. , Nervina J.M. , Teixeira C.C.
Published: December 2015

A common problem in clinical dentistry is the significant and rapid bone loss that occurs after tooth extraction. Currently there is no solution for the long-term preservation of alveolar bone. Previously, we showed that high-frequency acceleration (HFA) has an osteogenic effect on healthy alveolar bone. However, it is not known if HFA can preserve alveolar bone after extraction without negatively affecting wound healing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of HFA on alveolar bone loss and the rate of bone formation after tooth extraction. Eighty-five adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: control, static (static load), and HFA. In all groups, the maxillary right third molar was extracted. The HFA group received HFA for 5 min/d, applied through the second molar. The static group received the same magnitude of static load. The control group did not receive any stimulation. Some animals received fluorescent dyes at 26 and 54 d. Samples were collected on days 0, 7, 14, 28, and 56 for fluorescence microscopy, micro–computed tomography, histology, RNA, and protein analyses. We found that HFA increased bone volume in the extraction site and surrounding alveolar bone by 44% when compared with static, while fully preserving alveolar bone height and width long-term. These effects were accompanied by increased expression of osteogenic markers and intramembranous bone formation and by decreased expression of osteoclastic markers and bone resorption activity, as well as decreased expression of many inflammatory markers. HFA is a noninvasive safe treatment that can be used to prevent alveolar bone loss and/or accelerate bone healing after tooth extraction.
More promotion-focused, more happy? Regulatory focus, post-purchase evaluations and regret in the real estate market
Authors: Chen Jiangtao , Hui Eddie , Wang Zhongming
Published: December 2015

This research examines how regulatory focus, in terms of promotion-prevention discrepancy (promotion level minus prevention level), influences homebuyers’ post-purchase evaluations and experiences. Field study data is collected by questionnaire and structural equation modelling (SEM) is used for data analysis. In China’s urban real estate market, when the level of promotion focus exceeds that of prevention focus, homebuyers have better evaluation of their acquisition, less regret and higher satisfaction. Besides product and service attributes, a house’s investment performance and financial burden are important in shaping purchasers’ regret and satisfaction. The findings also show that some individual and purchase traits influence post-purchase evaluations and experiences.
Creative economy policy in developing countries: The case of Indonesia
Authors: Fahmi Fikri Zul , McCann Philip , Koster Sierdjan
Published: December 2015

This paper investigates how the creative economy discourse is interpreted and implemented in the context of Indonesia as a developing country. Our main conclusion is that the discourse is interpreted differently across localities. Bandung appears to be the only locality whose interpretation aligns with the general understanding of a creative economy that emphasises knowledge creation and innovation. This was made possible by the strong support from academia and communities who wanted to experiment with this policy idea. Our study also provides an insight into a creative economy developing not only as a discourse, but also as a workable framework for development policies, in this city. Conversely, other cities seem to pragmatically use the policy idea without considering the local context in a rebranding exercise in order to drive economic development, whereby traditional cultural industries are relabelled as creative despite performing hardly any innovation activities. Despite this, Bandung illustrates that there are possibilities for a developing country such as Indonesia to adopt the vision of a creative economy by reshaping local institutions to support successful experimentation with this new idea.
Assessing local governance experiments for building energy efficiency – the case of Malmö, Sweden
Authors: Smedby Nora
Published: December 2015

Local governments increasingly initiate measures addressing global sustainability challenges, so-called local governance experiments. But the knowledge about their actual outcome is limited. Responding to this gap, this paper provides an assessment of a local governance experiment in the form of a programme for sustainable buildings in Malmö, Sweden, focusing on its energy components. The study assesses the initiative by studying all new multi-residential units constructed in Malmö and analysing their performance along with programme applicability. Findings indicate the effectiveness of the programme, and further improved performance when the programme was combined with a dialogue process together with developers in a showcase area of Malmö. The majority of developers estimated the costs for following the programme as limited. The findings contradict the view that local initiatives addressing global sustainability challenges are merely rhetorical. However, the partly insufficient implementation risks undermining the trust-building function of local governance experimets.
Learning About Real Animals From Anthropomorphic Media
Authors: Geerdts Megan S. , Van de Walle Gretchen A. , LoBue Vanessa
Published: December 2015

While a large body of empirical research has investigated preschool-aged children’s knowledge of the natural world, comparatively little attention has been paid to the relevant cultural and social input that shapes the content and development of children’s factual knowledge and conceptual reasoning. In the current research, we experimentally examined the impact of exposure to one particularly common and relevant cultural tool for learning about living things: storybooks. While anthropomorphism—the attribution of human characteristics to nonhuman entities—has long been a staple of children’s storybooks, researchers have only recently focused on directly measuring its effect on children’s knowledge about real animals. Contrary to previous research, we found that anthropomorphic language and pictures in storybooks did not interfere with factual learning about real animals. Even though children did retell anthropomorphic stories using anthropomorphic language, they were nonetheless better at providing factual, biological explanations after being read an anthropomorphic storybook. Our results suggest that anthropomorphism in storybooks may not have the strong, negative impact as previously suggested and supports the need for further research on the potential educational role of fantasy elements such as anthropomorphism in children’s media.
Partial splenic embolization of patients with hypersplenism by transradial or transfemoral approach: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Tao , Sun Ruimin , Huang Yinuo , Wang Zhixue , He Jue , Shen Songhe , Yin Xiaoxiang , Zhu Zhixiang , Yang Wenyi , Zhao Zhijun
Published: December 2015

Background

Partial splenic artery embolization (PSE) is an effective treatment modality for patients with hypersplenism. It is less invasive and has a quicker recovery compared with surgical procedures. PSE is usually performed using a femoral artery approach that requires bedrest for a few hours, which is rarely the case for transradial PSE.

Purpose

To compare the transradial and transfemoral approaches for embolization of spleen in patients with hypersplenism.

Material and Methods

In all, 84 patients with hypersplenism who required PSE were recruited. They were randomly divided into two groups on the basis of the procedure followed: the transradial approach (R-PSE, n = 39) or transfemoral approach (F-PSE, n = 45). Technical success, puncture rate, total procedure time, X-ray exposure time, length of stay in hospital (LOS), and complications of the two groups were recorded.

Results

The procedure time, X-ray exposure time, and LOS were found to be lower in the R-PSE group than in the F-PSE. However, this difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

The transradial artery approach for PSE in patients with hypersplenism is feasible with no major complications as compared to the femoral approach.
Integrating Computing Across the Curriculum
Authors: Coleman LaToya O. , Gibson Philip , Cotten Shelia R. , Howell-Moroney Michael , Stringer Kristi
Published: December 2015

This study examines the relationship between internal barriers, professional development, and computer integration outcomes among a sample of fourth- and fifth-grade teachers in an urban, low-income school district in the Southeastern United States. Specifically, we examine the impact of teachers’ computer attitudes, computer anxiety, and computer training on the quality of computer integration in their classrooms. Using data from the Integrating Computing Across the Curriculum project, we utilize a mixed-methods approach to explore these relationships. Our results indicate that teacher attitudes and participation in an intensive computer-based training have a positive effect on computer integration practices. Findings from this study support providing teachers with more computer-based training which aims to improve the quality of classroom integration. This may lead to improvements in teacher attitudes toward computing and an increase in levels of computer integration in the elementary school classroom.
Reaching Beyond Democracy in Educational Policy Analysis
Authors: Patel Leigh
Published: December 2015

Educational policy analyses have tended toward either the impact of policies on student achievement or the furthering of progressive ideals, regularly theorized through concepts of democracy. In this theoretical essay, I suggest that democracy has become a vehicle for cauterized projects of individualized and contingent state status rather than decolonization and material transformation. This is due not to intentional disregard but to limited epistemic reach. Specifically, I address the ways that the tenets of democratic theory cannot address population-level stratification and racialization of space. I close with how a critique of the limits of democratic ideals can open up space for more robust epistemological groundings.
“Locking the Door Before We Got the Keys”
Authors: Henry Kevin Lawrence , Dixson Adrienne D.
Published: December 2015

Charter schools have become the hegemonic “solution” for urban educational reform initiatives aimed at curtailing longstanding race-based educational inequities. The “common sense” of neoliberal charter schools as the cure to persistent inequality is best illustrated in the post-Katrina New Orleans educational reforms. This article will focus on a lesser explored aspect of charter schools: the charter school authorization and application process in post-Katrina New Orleans. We center on the perspectives of African American educational actors. Using data from separate but complementary studies, we argue the charter authorization and application process is a racialized site that reproduces White dominance.
The Ideological Architecture of Whiteness as Property in Educational Policy
Authors: Aggarwal Ujju
Published: December 2015

In this article, I follow federal policy mandates and educational policy narratives to trace the resolution to inequality that was constructed post- Brown v. Board of Education, and what this resolution might tell us about the reconstitution of the racial state despite the extension of universal civil rights. I examine how the definition of harm espoused by the U.S. Supreme Court in Brown, which identified harm as internal (or related to the psyche rather than as material), elided the question of resources and allowed for the continuance of race-based inequality in education to be explained as resulting from an embodied inferiority. I suggest that what has come to be termed the achievement gap is indicative the way in which this post- Brown resolution to inequality is articulated. I examine a substratum of the achievement gap—the word gap—that has become an increasing focus of recent education policy initiatives.
Educational Policy and the Cultural Politics of Race
Authors: Dumas Michael J. , Dixson Adrienne D. , Mayorga Edwin
Published: December 2015

In this introduction to the special issue, the editors argue that struggles over the meaning(s) of race inform and are informed by educational policy deliberation and implementation. Educational policy, then, contributes to the “common sense” about race. At the same time, educational policy reflects, and is an instantiation of, that “common sense.” The editors explain how the analyses offered in this special issue serve to expand what it means to do critical policy research, and more specifically, enhance our understanding of how race acts as a powerful force in determining educational opportunities, experiences, and outcomes.
Surface quality analysis in ball end milling of Inconel 718 cantilevers by response surface methodology
Authors: Bhopale Nandkumar N , Pawade Raju S , Joshi Suhas S
Published: December 2015

The ball end milling process is commonly used for generating complex three-dimensional sculptured surfaces with definite curvature. In such cases, variation of surface properties along with the machined surface is not well understood. Therefore, this article investigates the effect of machining parameters on the quality of surface in ball end milling of thin-shaped cantilever of Inconel 718. A distinct variation is also observed in the measured values of deflection of workpiece: surface roughness and surface damage in different regions, that is, fixed end, mid portion and free end of machined surface. The experiments were conducted according to the central composite design with four factors, namely, cutting speed, feed, workpiece thickness and workpiece inclination with tool path orientation. It is observed that the process parameters have statistically significant effect on machined surface of Inconel 718. Horizontal tool path condition during milling is most favourable in all aspects of surface quality with high speed and lower feed. The surface roughness values at the fixed end of plate are less as compared with that of mid portion and free end sides. Scanning electron microscope images show various defects such as side flow, smeared layer, microparticle, grooves and feed marks.
A generating milling method for a spur face gear using a five-axis computer numerical control milling machine
Authors: Wang Yan-Zhong , Lan Zhou , Hou Liang-Wei , Zhao Hong-Pu , Zhong Yang
Published: December 2015

To improve the machining accuracy and production efficiency of face gears, this article presents a generating milling method for the spur face gear using a five-axis computer numerical control milling machine and proposes a milling principle of the spur face gear using a milling cutter. Based on the milling principle and theory of gearing, a mathematical model of the spur face gear milling cutter is established, and the design parameters of the cutter are determined. Considering the requirements of machine motion during the face gear milling process, a five-axis computer numerical control milling machine is developed to produce the face gear. Based on the structure of the milling machine, a mathematical model of the spur face gear is established, and a milling method is proposed. The spur face gear milling cutter is manufactured, and the face gear milling experiments are conducted on the self-developed milling machine. The measurement results of the tooth surface deviations indicate that the maximum deviation is 22.6 µm, and that the machined spur face gear accuracy can meet the requirements of roughing. The experimental results verify the validity of the proposed generating milling method and demonstrate that the generating milling method is an effective approach to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the spur face gear.
Hybrid systems modeling and automated air traffic control for three-dimensional separation assurance
Authors: Pasaoglu Cengiz , Baspinar Baris , Ure Nazim Kemal , Inalhan Gokhan
Published: December 2015

The increasing volume of traffic in the air transportation is leading to excessive workload on air traffic controllers. Developing automated air traffic management (ATM) tools is a critical technology in reducing the workload of air traffic controllers and hence increasing the airspace capacity. The existing approaches to automated ATM either use overly-simplified air traffic and aircraft dynamics models to reduce computational complexity or end up being computationally intractable for large-scale ATM scenarios. This paper presents a new hybrid system description of modeling the decision process of the air traffic controllers in en-route and approach operations. The model is based on the domain expertise provided by the State Airport Authority and Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP) of Turkey. The emulation of air traffic controller decision process in the hybrid model provides realistic conflict resolution maneuvers and separation assurance in 3D, while being computationally tractable. The algorithm has polynomial iteration complexity in the number of waypoints of the aircraft, which makes it scalable to large-scale ATM scenarios with more than 100 aircraft. The algorithm is validated on the real air traffic data over the Istanbul region extracted from the ALLFT+ dataset provided by EUROCONTROL, which includes over 7000 flights in a 96-hour period. The developed algorithm is also integrated into a Boeing 737-800 flight deck simulator with a custom radar display to demonstrate the applicability to existing avionics systems.
Heterogeneity of community-based voluntary, counselling and testing services for HIV in Europe: the HIV-COBATEST survey
Authors: Reyes-Urueña Juliana , Breveglieri Michele , Furegato Martina , Fernàndez-López Laura , Agusti Cristina , Casabona Jordi
Published: December 2015

This study reports the first EU-wide survey of community-based voluntary counselling and testing services (CBVCTs), with the following aims: to assess the current availability of CBVCTs and how the concept of CBVCT is understood; to describe CBVCT modalities and strategies; and to measure the use of rapid tests within CBVCTs. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two different key informant groups: HIV/AIDS National Focal Points (NFPs) and CBVCTs from the EU and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries. A definition of CBVCTs was reached. Descriptive and correspondence analyses were performed. The COBATEST survey was answered by NFPs from 25 of the 32 EU/EFTA countries (response rate of 78.1%), and by 55 CBVCTs in 22 different countries. CBVCTs were functioning in nearly all the responding countries, but only 56% explicitly included them in their national strategic plans. In those that had CBVCTs, the NFPs often lacked reliable information on CBVCTs. In general, CBVCTs in Europe are focused mainly on men who have sex with men, are primarily peer-driven and highly communitarised, whereas CBVCTs targeting other at-risk populations are more medicalised. In addition, the oral test is under-used and in general test performance is highly medicalised. Results show that there is a wide heterogeneity of CBVCTs in Europe, which is varied and highly medicalised. The data provided in this study in conjunction with other deliverables produced by the COBATEST project should contribute to the development of standardised indicators to enable comparisons over time and eventually improve the effectiveness of CBVCTs across Europe.
Anti-Ro/SSA autoantibody-positive women’s experience of information given on the risk of congenital heart block
Authors: Tingström J , Hjelmstedt A , Welin Henriksson E , Ambrosi A , Sonesson S-E , Wahren-Herlenius M
Published: December 2015

Objective

Congenital heart block (CHB) may develop in fetuses of women with anti-Ro/SSA autoantibodies, and carries substantial morbidity and mortality. The aim was to evaluate how information on CHB is imparted and identify areas of improvement.

Methods

A questionnaire was distributed to anti-Ro/SSA antibody-positive women who had either participated in a surveillance programme but whose expected child did not develop CHB ( n = 100, denoted Doppler-Assessed Pregnancies (DAP) group) or given birth to a child with CHB ( n = 88, denoted CHB-Affected Pregnancies (CAP) group).

Results

The response rate was 83% (157/188). Most women received the information on CHB when they were already pregnant (DAP group 60%, CAP group 83%). However, a majority of them would have wanted the information before pregnancy (DAP group 52%, CAP group 56%), and most stated that it would not have influenced their decision to have a child (DAP group 77%, CAP group 58%). The ability to both understand the information and to perceive the information as sufficient were significantly higher when someone trained in paediatric cardiology gave the information.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that information on CHB should be given to women before pregnancy. The data further highlight the importance of having specific knowledge for giving relevant and understandable, yet sufficient information.
Systematic Review of Engagement in Culturally Adapted Parent Training for Disruptive Behavior
Authors: Butler Ashley M. , Titus Courtney
Published: December 2015

This article reviews the literature reporting engagement (enrollment, attendance, and attrition) in culturally adapted parent training for disruptive behavior among racial/ethnic minority parents of children ages 2 to 7 years. The review describes the reported rates of engagement in adapted interventions and how engagement is analyzed in studies, methods to develop adaptations, and adaptations that have been implemented. Seven studies are identified. Parental engagement varied across and within studies. Only one study examined whether adaptations improved engagement compared with non-adapted intervention. Frequent methods to develop adaptations were building partnerships or conducting interviews/focus groups with minority parents or community members. Adaptations included addressing cultural beliefs (perceptions of parenting skills), values (interdependence), or experiences (immigration) that affect parenting or receptivity to interventions; ensuring racial/ethnic diversity of interventionists; and addressing cultural relevancy and literacy level of materials. Future research should examine engagement in adapted interventions compared with non-adapted interventions and examine factors (e.g., immigration status) that may moderate impact on engagement.
A model of friction reduction with in-plane high-frequency vibration
Authors: Qu Huajie , Zhou Ningning , Guo Wenfeng , Qu Jianjun
Published: December 2015

The influence of high-frequency vibration parallel to the sliding direction on friction force was analyzed by taking dry sliding friction pair of polymer composite and metal as the object of the research. A model of friction reduction with in-plane high-frequency vibration was proposed. The friction coefficient as a function of scale and direction of relative sliding velocity was discussed. The friction coefficient as a function of the amplitude of in-plane vibration velocity and sliding velocity was experimentally studied with a self-developed high-frequency vibration tribometer. The experimental results are in agreement with theoretical predictions. The results show that in-plane high-frequency vibration has obvious effect on reducing friction force under certain conditions.
Tribological effects of chlorine-free lubricant in strip drawing of advanced high strength steel
Authors: Jewvattanarak Phanuwat , Mahayotsanun Numpon , Mahabunphachai Sasawat , Ngernbamrung Sukunthakan , Dohda Kuniaki
Published: December 2015

This article investigated the tribological performance of the specially formulated chlorine-free lubricant in strip drawing of advanced high strength steel. Four different lubrication conditions (dry, chlorine-free lubricant, chlorine additive lubricant, and mineral base lubricant) at two sliding speeds (10 and 100 mm/min) were carried out to observe the friction coefficients of the die-workpiece interface in the strip drawing test. The main difference among these lubricants was the contents of chlorine and sulfur additives. The die and workpiece materials were SKD11 and JSH780R, respectively. The results showed that the combination of chlorine and sulfur additives provided the best tribological behaviors. In addition, only the small amount of sulfur content could establish a bond with metal surfaces. However, the higher sulfur content could interact with metal surfaces, because it was influenced by the increased temperature (higher sliding speed) and adsorption.
Put the healthy item first: Order of ingredient listing influences consumer selection
Authors: Policastro Peggy , Smith Zach , Chapman Gretchen
Published: December 2015

This study examined effects of an order form intervention on choice of healthy ingredients among college students ordering submarine sandwiches (subs). Over eight weekly sub-nights, college students submitted 9765 orders. The order form format was manipulated in one condition making the healthier selections more salient. Main outcome measures were selection of ingredients. Multi-level logistic regression, chi square, and analysis of variance were used to examine the effect of experimental conditions on selection of ingredients. The health-salient form increased selection of healthier and decreased selection of unhealthy ingredients. The manipulation increased fiber, decreased sodium, but did not impact calorie/fat levels of the subs served.
Role of angiotensin II in stem cell therapy of cardiac disease
Authors: Ahmadian Elham , Jafari Samira , Yari Khosroushahi Ahmad
Published: December 2015

Introduction:

The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is closely related to the cardiovascular system, body fluid regulation and homeostasis.

Materials and methods:

Despite common therapeutic methods, stem cell/progenitor cell therapy is daily increasing as a term of regenerative medicine. RAS and its pharmacological inhibitors are not only involved in physiological and pathological aspects of the cardiovascular system, but also affect the different stages of stem cell proliferation, differentiation and function, via interfering cell signaling pathways.

Results:

This study reviews the new role of RAS, in particular Ang II distinct from other common roles, by considering its regulating impact on the different signaling pathways involved in the cardiac and endothelial tissue, as well as in stem cell transplantation.

Conclusions:

This review focuses on the impact of stem cell therapy on the cardiovascular system, the role of RAS in stem cell differentiation, and the role of RAS inhibition in cardiac stem cell growth and development.
Evaluation of damage detectability in practical sandwich structure application conditions using distributed fiber optic sensor
Authors: Siivola Juho T , Minakuchi Shu , Mizutani Tadahito , Takeda Nobuo
Published: December 2015

Indentation loading or low-velocity impacts on foam core sandwich structures can leave only barely visible damage on the face sheets while causing notable damage in the core due to the thin face sheets and relatively weak core. In practical applications, the measurement and damage detection can also be notably affected by environmental conditions and relaxation of the foam core. To detect the damages, a Rayleigh-scattering-based fiber optic strain monitoring system with high spatial resolution was applied to foam core sandwich structures. Damage detection ability of the system was therefore tested by indentation tests on sandwich beam and panel specimens while also considering the aforementioned effects. Finite element analysis verified by the measurements was used to provide a method to estimate the damaged core area from the measured strain data. Finally, the monitoring ability of the system was demonstrated by low-velocity impact tests on a large scale sandwich panel. The used system provided detailed strain data during and after indentation and impact tests. Due to the high resolution of the system, the damage location and size could be estimated from the obtained strain data even when barely visible dent remained on the face sheet, thus demonstrating the damage detection ability even at various environmental conditions and after relaxation of the foam core.
Application of the Transtheoretical Model and Social Marketing to Antidepression Campaign Websites
Authors: Levit Tatiana , Cismaru Magdalena , Zederayko Alexis
Published: December 2015

Antidepression social marketing (SM) campaigns are often accompanied by comprehensive websites to engage and help people with mental health problems; however, the use of theory is not always apparent. The transtheoretical model (TTM) involves five stages of change through which a person transitions to a healthier life. This paper combines TTM and the fundamental principles of SM, such as consumer orientation, targeting, and value creation and exchange through 4Ps (product, place, promotion, and price), and applies them to mental e-health. We create a set of detailed criteria to guide the development of antidepression websites. These criteria are further used to analyze the online content of five antidepression campaigns and to demonstrate the relevance of TTM and SM to online delivery of the information and self-help interventions in the context of depression.
Proposed Iraq/Afghanistan War-Lung Injury (IAW-LI) Clinical Practice Recommendations: National Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Medicine Burn Pits Workshop
Authors: Szema Anthony , Mirsaidi Niely , Patel Bhumika , Viens Laura , Forsyth Edward , Li Jonathan , Dang Sophia , Dukes Brittany , Giraldo Jheison , Kim Preston , Burns Matthew
Published: December 2015

High rates of respiratory symptoms (14%) and new-onset asthma in previously healthy soldiers (6.6%) have been reported among military personnel post-deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan. The term Iraq/Afghanistan War-Lung Injury (IAW-LI) is used to describe the constellation of respiratory diseases related to hazards of war, such as exposure to burning trash in burn pits, improvised explosive devices, and sandstorms. Burnpits360.org is a nonprofit civilian website which voluntarily tracks medical symptoms among soldiers post-deployment to the Middle East. Subsequent to initiation of the Burnpits360.org website, the Department of Veterans Affairs started the Airborne Hazards and Open Burn Pit registry. This paper: (a) analyzes the latest 38 patients in the Burnpits360.org registry, validated by DD214 Forms; (b) compares strengths and weaknesses of both registries as outlined at the National Academy of Sciences Institute of Medicine Burn Pits Workshop; (c) further characterizes the spectrum of disease in IAW-LI; (d) describes the risk factors of affected populations; (e) summarizes current practices regarding management of the condition; and (f) defines future research objectives.
Developing the “Control Identity” Typology to Create More Effective Testicular Health Promotional Messaging
Authors: Rovito Michael J. , Gordon Thomas F. , Bass Sarah B. , DuCette Joseph , Tierney Ashley M. , Coles Nicholas
Published: December 2015

Testicular self-examination (TSE) promotional interventions historically operate without a theoretical framework, which negatively influences their effectiveness. As TSE is critical to the early detection of testicular cancer, this behavior is an essential component to improving overall male well-being. To address this need, the Control Identity personality typology was developed to assist in creating more effective TSE promotional interventions. Four outcome control dispositions were defined a priori based on the dimensions of illusions of control and locus of control. An original 41-item survey, the Control Identity Assessment Scale, was used to assess perceived vulnerability, value of health promotion, and health outcome control among a convenience sample of 300 university males aged 18 to 35 years via a cross-sectional research design. Factor and cluster analyses were employed to extract salient factors in the data and to identify subgroups within the sample. A consistent five-factor structure matrix (~70% explained variance) served as the foundation from which a k-means cluster analysis was employed to classify four types of individuals. Significant differences were detected between clusters on primary variables, including behavioral intentions to conduct TSE. The Control Identity typology aims to provide the needed mechanism for health practitioners to create more effective preventive health messaging to promote TSE. Future implications on employing this typology to segment audiences in order to increase overall effectiveness are offered. Application of this typology could ultimately lead to increasing TSE knowledge retention, behavioral intentions, actual performance, and adherence.