bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GOVERNANÇA E TRANSPARÊNCIA NA PROTEÇÃO JURÍDICA DO MEIO AMBIENTE ECOLOGICAMENTE EQUILIBRADO
Authors: Souza Dny Sandra da Silva , Mercado Gleibson de Carvalho , Bueno Douglas Aparecido , Loose Cleberson Eller , Berro Maria Priscila Soares , Camargo Elimei Paleari do Amaral
Published: June 2024

Este artigo analisa a interseção entre boa governança, transparência e estado de direito na proteção jurídica do meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado, destacando sua importância para o desenvolvimento sustentável. A crescente preocupação global com a preservação ambiental destaca a necessidade de abordagens eficazes para garantir a sustentabilidade do planeta. A boa governança é fundamental para assegurar que as políticas considerem os aspectos ambientais, enquanto a transparência promove o acesso à informação e a prestação de contas das ações governamentais. Por outro lado, a má governança e a ausência de transparência podem levar a práticas corruptas e abusivas, comprometendo a estabilidade econômica, social e ambiental. A deterioração dos princípios do estado de direito coloca em risco a proteção jurídica do meio ambiente. A transparência, por sua vez, contribui para a identificação e prevenção de danos ambientais, fortalecendo a participação pública no processo decisório. A proteção jurídica do meio ambiente depende da implementação eficaz desses princípios, que promovem a responsabilidade, a participação pública e a justiça ambiental. A falta de boa governança, transparência e estado de direito pode comprometer a eficácia das leis ambientais e minar a confiança pública nas instituições responsáveis pela proteção ambiental. Medidas como o fortalecimento das instituições de aplicação da lei, o aumento da transparência e o fortalecimento dos direitos das comunidades locais são essenciais para promover esses princípios e fortalecer a proteção ambiental.
POTENCIAL FITOTERÁPICO E BENEFÍCIOS DA AROEIRA
Authors: Cunha Lucas Ott , Silva Michel Santos da , Andrade Leonardo Guimarães de
Published: June 2024

A aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius) é uma planta tradicionalmente utilizada na fitoterapia devido às suas propriedades anti-inflamatórias, antimicrobianas e cicatrizantes. Este trabalho está em fase embrionária e tem como objetivo revisar sistematicamente a eficácia terapêutica da aroeira, avaliando suas aplicações clínicas e potenciais benefícios. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa de literatura, analisando artigos e livros. A metodologia incluiu a seleção criteriosa de estudos clínicos e revisões sistemáticas. Os resultados indicam que os extratos de aroeira possuem atividade significativa contra bactérias patogênicas, além de promoverem a cicatrização de feridas e alívio de inflamações. Estudos clínicos preliminares também sugerem benefícios no tratamento de vários tipos de doenças (Melo et al., 2007). Contudo, há uma necessidade de mais ensaios clínicos controlados para confirmar esses efeitos e estabelecer dosagens seguras. Conclui-se que a aroeira é uma alternativa promissora na fitoterapia, com potencial para complementar tratamentos convencionais.
AVANÇOS EM CIRURGIA REFRATIVA: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE LASIK E PRK
Authors: Brasil Larissa Matioski , Jannis Leonardo Salmaso , Nunes Hingrid Alvarenga , Coelho Raone Oliveira , Silva Tamires Gama da , Andrade Maria Alcilene de , Silva Isabella Ferreira dos Anjos , Silva Adriana Kelly Oliveira da , Ferraz João Guilherme Dorneles , Sousa Gustawo de
Published: June 2024

A cirurgia refrativa, particularmente através das técnicas LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) e PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy), tem evoluído significativamente, proporcionando alternativas eficazes para a correção de erros refrativos como miopia, hipermetropia e astigmatismo. Este estudo realiza uma revisão integrativa comparativa entre LASIK e PRK, destacando os avanços tecnológicos, eficácia, segurança e satisfação dos pacientes. LASIK, caracterizado pela criação de um flap corneano, oferece uma recuperação visual mais rápida e menos desconforto inicial, mas apresenta riscos específicos como deslocamento do flap. PRK, que evita a criação do flap, é preferível para pacientes com córneas finas ou propensos a traumas oculares, embora sua recuperação visual seja mais lenta e envolva maior desconforto pós-operatório. Avanços como o uso de lasers de femtossegundo em LASIK e técnicas de ablação personalizada em PRK têm melhorado significativamente os resultados de ambas as técnicas. A análise comparativa revela que ambas proporcionam resultados visuais finais equivalentes, com altos níveis de satisfação dos pacientes a longo prazo. A escolha entre LASIK e PRK deve ser baseada em uma avaliação individualizada, levando em consideração fatores específicos do paciente para garantir os melhores resultados possíveis. Recomenda-se que futuros estudos explorem acompanhamentos de longo prazo e investigações contínuas sobre novas tecnologias para aprimorar ainda mais a segurança e eficácia das cirurgias refrativas.
Spatial patterns of organic matter content in the surface soil of the salt marshes of the Venice Lagoon (Italy)
Authors: Puppin Alice , Tognin Davide , Ghinassi Massimiliano , Franceschinis Erica , Realdon Nicola , Marani Marco , D'Alpaos Andrea
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Salt marshes are crucial eco-geomorphic features of tidal environments as they provide important ecological functions and deliver a wide range of ecosystem services. Being controlled by the interplay between hydrodynamics, geomorphology, and vegetation, the contribution of both organic matter (OM) and inorganic sediments drives salt marsh vertical accretion. This allows marshes to keep pace with relative sea level rise and likewise capture and store carbon, making them valuable allies in climate mitigation strategies. Thus, soil organic matter (SOM), i.e. the organic component of the soil, plays a key role within salt marsh environments, directly contributing to soil formation and supporting carbon storage. This study aims at inspecting spatial patterns of OM in surface salt marsh soils (top 20 cm), providing further insights into the physical and biological factors driving OM dynamics that affect salt marsh survival and carbon sink potential. Our results reveal two scales of variations in SOM content in marsh environments. At the marsh scale, OM variability is influenced by the interplay between surface elevation and changes in sediment supply linked with the distance from the marsh edge. At the system scale, OM content distribution is dominated by the gradient generated by marine and fluvial influence. The observed variations in SOM are explained by the combination of inorganic and organic input, preservation conditions, and sediment grain size. Our results highlight the importance of marshes as carbon sink environments, further emphasising that environmental conditions within a tidal system may generate strongly variable and site-specific carbon accumulation patterns, enhancing blue carbon assessment complexity.
Review Article: Leveraging Social Media for Managing Natural Hazard Disasters: A Critical Review of Data Collection Strategies and Actionable Insights
Authors: Gopal Lakshmi S. , Prabha Rekha , Thirugnanam Hemalatha , Ramesh Maneesha Vinodini , Malamud Bruce D.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. This paper critically reviews 250 articles from 2010 to September 2023, analyzing how social media data is utilized in disaster management, addressing challenges in relevance filtering and noise reduction to extract actionable disaster information and enhance decision-making efficiency. The results of our critical analysis are given in a Social Media Literature Database where we categorize each article's information into 7 main categories and 27 subcategories, covering article details, case study regions, disaster events, social media data specifics, data collection and analysis methods, and evaluation methodologies. To assess the effectiveness of social media in providing actionable disaster information, we further classify the articles into 9 categories, covering public discourse analysis, temporal and spatial insights, relevance filtering methods, community/stakeholder collaborations, disaster trends, and resource identification. We also illuminate historical disaster events within the review period and discuss the results through graphical visualizations. Our findings show that natural language processing methods, particularly content analysis, were commonly utilized in the literature, and contribute significantly to basic data filtering by removing noise. Commonly used advanced robust analysis machine learning methods included Support Vector Machines, Naive Bayes, and Neural Networks. We found that proficiency in temporal and spatial analysis of social media data is widespread among the studies, with varying success in implementing effective relevance filtering. Our actionable information categorization revealed a need for further exploration into community interactions and resource identification using social media data during and after disasters. Based on the literature study and our own experience on the subject, we propose six best practices for social media usage in disaster situations for the community and five best practices for researchers to enhance disaster management strategies.
To the “343 sluts”, with my warmest regards
Authors: Yıldırım Didem
Published: June 2024

Inspired by a powerful 1971 manifesto by French women, demanding abortion rights, the writer emphasizes a woman's right to bodily autonomy and advocates abortion rights that are an inspiration for today's struggles.
Living in Companian with Other Animals as a Feminist Way of Life
Authors: Cigerdelen Dilek , Bektaş Ata Leyla , Cosar Simten
Published: June 2024

Bektaş Ata and Coşar, members of the Feminist Asylum Editorial Collective, talk with Dilek Ciğerdelen about animal rights, veganism, feminism, and activism.
Constitutional reform as the main point of restarting the political system of Kazakhstan
Authors: Sarpekov Ramazan Kumarbekovich
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the constitutional reform aimed at a comprehensive transformation of the constitutional and legal model of Kazakhstan. Every year the constitutional and legal structure of states becomes more and more dynamic, which in turn requires modification of the political platform of Kazakhstan taking into account the experience of foreign countries and objective national specifics. On June 5 of this year, a republican referendum will be held on amendments to the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan aimed at further democratization of society, transition from a super-presidential to a presidential model with a strong Parliament and an accountable Government. Today, there is a broad discussion in society on the proposed amendments, as they pursue the most important strategic goals: building a balanced mechanism of checks and balances between the three branches of power, strengthening the institutions of party representation, improving the efficiency of the judicial system, strengthening the local governance system. The author reveals the main constitutional and legal aspects of the comprehensive modernization of the country's political platform, conceptual changes in the architecture of the organization of state power. Thus, the article examines such main features of constitutional reform as the establishment of the Constitutional Court, strengthening the role of Parliament, changing the order of its functioning, the adoption of laws, Government accountability, limiting the powers of the President, the introduction of democratic institutions, the democratization of society and the protection of fundamental human rights. The author proposes an amendment regarding the application of the institute of public works to be used as a measure of state coercion in the sanction of articles providing for administrative responsibility for petty hooliganism, violation of silence, violation of the rules for the protection and use of historical and cultural monuments, etc.
Expanding the jurisdiction of the jury: problems of stability of legislation and legal technology
Authors: Karzhaubayev Serik Seitovich
Published: June 2024

The jury has established itself as a fair trial. Such justice is explained by the legal status of the jury trial, because in essence it is a kind of intermediate position between the government and the people. The independence of jurors is the main difference between a jury trial and a professional court. Therefore, a jury trial is necessary in a democratic society. There is a jury trial in Kazakhstan, but it is not in demand. The statistics provided on the consideration of cases by courts with the participation of jurors shows a significant reduction in such cases. There is a need to expand the category of cases considered by jury courts. In the Address to the People of Kazakhstan «New Kazakhstan: the path of renewal and modernization» on March 16, 2022, the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan spoke about the expediency of expanding the category of cases involving a jury trial. In order to increase the category of cases considered by courts with the participation of jurors, it is necessary to solve several legal problems. The first problem is the problem of the stability of the criminal procedure legislation, through the improvement of the norms governing the institution of jury trial. Such an approach is necessary in order to comply with legal techniques, since the simplicity and accessibility of the presentation of norms will avoid legal conflicts and will have a positive impact on law enforcement practice. The author's position of the article-by-article determination of the jurisdiction of the cases of the jury is presented. The second legal problem is the duplication of norms, which is found in articles 52, 321, 631 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The justification for excluding such duplication is presented, since it does not correspond to legal technique and clutters up the CPC of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The third problem is the review of court decisions with the participation of jurors. The current practice of reviewing court decisions generates citizens' distrust of justice. The author's vision of reviewing such decisions in the court of appeal in an expanded jury is presented.
INSTITUTE OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN KAZAKHSTAN (immersive approach to lawmaking)
Authors: Kanatov Almas Kanatovich , Shakenov Madi Amangeldyevich
Published: June 2024

The article was prepared in connection with the renewal of the current legislature of Kazakhstan: Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 29, 2021 №. 90-VII “On the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Kazakhstan”; Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 29, 2021 №. 92-VII "On amendments and additions to the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan on administrative offenses on the activities of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Kazakhstan"; Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 29, 2021 №. 91-VII “On amendments and additions to certain legislative acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the activities of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Kazakhstan”; The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 29, 2021 No. 93-VII “On making additions to the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On taxes and other obligatory payments to the budget” (Tax Code) on the activities of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Kazakhstan” The main emphasis in this article was made on the analysis of the main conceptual, unresolved issues of the current legislation in relation to existing institutions and mechanisms for ensuring human rights and freedoms. The authors of the article unanimously come to the conclusion that the adoption of the Ombudsman into the current national legislation marks a new (first) stage in the qualitative development of mechanisms for protecting human rights and freedoms. At the same time, certain aspects of the interaction of the Commissioner for Human Rights with other institutions and mechanisms for the protection of human rights and freedoms will further form the need for the next wave of legislative clarifications, which is part of the inevitable process of improving guarantees for the full implementation of human rights in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
ON THE HIERARCHY OF NORMATIVE LEGAL ACTS
Authors: Zhanuzakova Leila
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to one of the key problems of the modern theory of law - the hi-erarchy of normative legal acts. The points of view that exist in the legal literature on the concept of hierarchy in positive law are studied. The author comes to the conclu-sion that it represents the ratio of normative legal acts, which are arranged in a cer-tain vertical sequence, as their legal force decreases, and implies the correspondence of acts of each lower level to acts of higher levels. A critical analysis of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Law "On legal acts" was carried out. It has been established that this Law, fixing the hierarchy of normative legal acts, in its separate provisions contains norms that are controversial and contrary to the Constitution. Thus, pointing to the higher legal force of codes in comparison with consoli-dated and ordinary laws, it is noted that it is inadmissible to introduce amendments and additions to codes in the law-making practice of the Parliament simultaneously with amendments to other laws by a single law lower in the hierarchy of normative legal acts. The work also points out the contradiction of the Constitution of the norm of the Law on the subordinate position of the normative legal acts of the President in comparison with the normative resolutions of the Parliament and its Chambers, given the lack of subordination between these bodies and their independence in the system of separation of powers. The provisions of the Law on being outside the hierarchy of normative legal acts of the Chairman of the Security Council, normative resolutions of the Constitu-tional Council and the Supreme Court were subjected to justified criticism. On the basis of the analysis carried out, proposals were developed to improve the Law "On Legal Acts".
Del seminario a la parroquia
Authors: Ramón Casas Fernando Enrique , Doménech Bardisa José Luis , Castells Tarazona Avelino , Martín Ibáñez Alberto
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es concretar la distancia entre el tiempo de formación y el ministerio sacerdotal, en la Archidiócesis de Valencia (España). Se han realizado dos encuestas: una, a los sacerdotes ordenados los diez últimos años (N=51 - 67’11%), explora aspectos de la formación, cambios a introducir en el proyecto formativo y aspectos sociales de mayor dificultad. Otra, al Consejo Episcopal y Arciprestes (n,=28 - 57’14 %), centrada en las dificultades de los sacerdotes jóvenes, y en los cambios que habría que introducir en la formación. Los resultados constatan que la dimensión mejor valorada es la espiritual y las más necesitadas de actualización son la humana, especialmente la madurez afectiva y la gestión de la soledad, y la pastoral, con un reclamo a una mayor experiencia y realismo. Las conclusiones apuntan hacia propuestas de intervención en la formación inicial y permanente.
Cuenco de Paterna del siglo XIV con escena sodomítica
Authors: Almagro-Gorbea Martín , Ballester Xaverio
Published: June 2024

Estudio de un cuenco de Paterna (Valencia, España) del siglo XIV hallado en aguas de Cullera (Valencia, España). La pieza contiene una interesante representación de un acto de sodomía, en el que intervienen tres personajes. Se describe la pieza y se estudia la vestimenta representada. El análisis estilístico de la representación pintada en el interior del cuenco indica que se fabricó en Paterna hacia el 1350-1375. El análisis iconográfico lleva a relacionar esta escena con las campañas contra la sodomía del siglo XIV, sin excluir que pudiera ilustrar una literatura oral popular de carácter pornográfico y soez, que no se ha conservado.
Análisis traductológico de las expresiones religiosas islámicas en Hijos de nuestro barrio, de Naguib Mahfuz, desde la teoría de los actos de habla
Authors: Abdel Latif Ali Mohamed
Published: June 2024

El trabajo analiza el tratamiento traductológico de las expresiones islámicas en Hijos de nuestro barrio, de Naguib Mahfuz, desde el enfoque de la teoría de los actos de habla (Searle 1969), a la par que determina las técnicas de su trasvase del árabe, lengua profundamente religiosa, al español, lengua desligada formalmente de los aspectos religiosos. El objetivo es comprobar si se ha trasladado el contenido religioso del texto original o se ha eliminado, y, en caso de trasladarlo, si los traductores se han inclinado más por la domesticación o la extranjerización, en terminología de Venuti (1995).
“Nadie sabe ni entiende nada…”: El virrey conde de Paredes y el gobernador de Filipinas Juan de Vargas Hurtado en el contrabando de bienes asiáticos, 1680-1686
Authors: Del Valle Pavón Guillermina
Published: June 2024

En el siglo XVII, el redituable tráfico de bienes asiáticos dio lugar a que los mercaderes de plata de la ciudad de México, en complicidad con los virreyes de Nueva España y los gobernadores de Filipinas, tejieran densas tramas de contrabando y fraude fiscal. Analizamos la forma en que el virrey conde de Paredes y el gobernador Juan de Vargas Hurtado, con el apoyo crediticio de los acaudalados mercaderes José de Retes Largacha y Domingo de Leyva Cantabrana, articularon una intrincada malla de contrataciones ilícitas en la que involucraron a los castellanos y jueces oficiales reales de los puertos de Acapulco, Cavite y Manila, a los generales y principales oficiales de los galeones, así como a los comerciantes de Manila, entre otros funcionarios y agentes. Veremos cómo las principales autoridades de Filipinas denunciaron al gobernador Vargas Hurtado por los excesos en que incurrió y los esfuerzos de la monarquía por juzgarlo y encontrar mayores evidencias de las negociaciones clandestinas que realizaba la poderosa red.
EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL DO/NO CAMPO: INDICADORES EDUCACIONAIS DA PARAÍBA
Authors: Massaro Munique
Published: June 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar indicadores educacionais do estado da Paraíba relacionados à Educação Especial do/no Campo. A análise se baseou nos dados do Censo Escolar da Educação Básica do ano de 2021 em relação à distribuição das matrículas de alunos público-alvo da Educação Especial nas 14 Gerências Regionais de Educação por condição e dependência administrativa, à acessibilidade das escolas e à formação de professores. Os dados foram analisados qualitativa e quantitativamente, por meio de estatística descritiva. Os resultados apontaram que há falta de professores capacitados, de serviços e recursos da modalidade da Educação Especial e de condições de acessibilidade nas escolas do/no campo. Conclui-se que o direito a uma educação de qualidade ainda não é efetivado para os alunos público-alvo da Educação Especial.
Estresse ocupacional e estratégias de coping de enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Saccomann Izabel Cristina Ribeiro da Silva , Oliveira Arleti de Souza , Brants Maria Paula de Camargo
Published: June 2024

Objetivos: avaliar os fatores geradores do estresse ocupacional dos enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem atuantes no cuidado direto aos pacientes acometidos pela COVID-19, durante a pandemia, e verificar sua relação com estratégias de coping adotadas pela equipe de enfermagem. Métodos: estudo transversal analítico, realizado em um hospital no interior do estado de São Paulo. A amostra de conveniência (n = 112) foi constituída por profissionais de enfermagem que responderam ao Inventário de Estresse de Enfermeiros e Inventário de Respostas de Coping no Trabalho. Para as análises inferenciais foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher, o teste de Mann-Whitney e o teste de Spearman (p < 0,05). Resultados: verificou-se elevado nível de estresse ocupacional em enfermeiros (M = 106,0; DP ± 23,1) e técnicos de enfermagem (M = 98,5; DP ± 25,1), com maior pontuação de enfermeiros para fatores intrínsecos ao trabalho, em comparação com técnicos de enfermagem. As relações interpessoais foram a principal fonte de estresse. As estratégias de coping com maiores médias foram as respostas de enfrentamento tanto para enfermeiros (M = 43,2; DP ± 8,5) quanto para os técnicos de enfermagem (M = 41,4; DP ± 9,1). Conclusões: a identificação dos fatores de estresse ocupacional e das estratégias de coping, bem como, suas repercussões no contexto laboral trouxeram contribuições importantes para entender a realidade contextual.
Antihyperglycemic Effects of Active Fraction of Ethanol Extract from Castanopsis costata Leaves and Channa striata Extract on Rats
Authors: Darmanto Yanski , . Razoki , Neswita Elfia
Published: June 2024

Anti-hyperglycemic experiments were conducted on male Wistar rats divided into six groups: Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (active fraction of Castanopsis costata ethanol extract at 200 mg/kg body weight), Group 3 (Channa striata extract at 250 mg/kg body weight), Group 4 (active fraction of Castanopsis costata ethanol extract at 50 mg/kg body weight + Channa striata extract at 250 mg/kg body weight), Group 5 (active fraction of Castanopsis costata ethanol extract at 100 mg/kg body weight + Channa striata extract at 250 mg/kg body weight), and Group 6 (active fraction of Castanopsis costata ethanol extract at 200 mg/kg body weight + Channa striata extract at 250 mg/kg body weight). The most notable reduction in blood glucose levels was observed in Group 4, with an average decrease of -55.40%, followed by Group 6 (-55.19%), Group 5 (-52.80%), Group 2 (-52.01%), and Group 3 (-52.88%). These findings indicate that combining the active fraction of Castanopsis costata ethanol extract with Channa striata extract effectively lowers blood glucose levels in Wistar rats.

Keywords: Antihyperglycemia, Active fraction of ethanol extract, Blood glucose level
Prevalence of Mechanical Neck Pain in Garment Workers in Ahmedabad - An Observational Study
Authors: K Ghediya Avani
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Neck pain is one the major problem for working population, however it is usually neglected from clinical and research perspective. As sewing machine operators are very often utilized for predicting risk factors for neck pain. Therefore, considering the fact that there is alarming rise of incidence of neck pain.
AIM: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of mechanical neck pain in garment workers in Ahmedabad.
METHOD: An observational study was carried out among 115 garment workers. In which 67 female and 48 male who had willingness to participate in the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Written consent was taken by individuals. Structured face to face interview questionnaires (NECK DISABILITY INDEX-10 ITEMS) were used to collect quantitative data on magnitude of work-related neck pain. Descriptive analysis was done using Microsoft excel.
RESULT: Study results showed that 43.47% had mild, 13.91% had moderate, 0.86% had severe mechanical neck pain.
CONCLUSION: From this study it is concluded that 58.24 % of the people of age group 20 to 60 years have mild, moderate and severe neck pain.

Key words: Neck pain, garment worker, Ahmedabad
Effect of Video Assisted Breathing Technique on Preoperative Anxiety Among Patients Undergoing Elective Surgeries in a Secondary Hospital in Chümoukedima, Nagaland, India
Authors: Humtsoe L. Emi , Palon Osinam , Eloziini Pfokhreni
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION: Surgery is a traumatic treatment and the preoperative period is a stressful event. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Video Assisted Breathing Technique on preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing elective surgery.
METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among patients undergoing elective surgery at surgical, labour and private wards of a secondary hospital. Using a non-probability purposive sampling technique, 40 participants were recruited who were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Video Assisted Breathing Technique and the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) were used as the study intervention and data collection instrument. T-test for paired and unpaired samples were used to determine the difference in the anxiety scores. Fisher’s exact test was used to find the association of anxiety with the demographic and clinical variables.
RESULTS: Majority of the participants were found to have mild [14(35%)] to moderate [19(48%)] preoperative anxiety. There was a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test anxiety scores in the experimental group (p<0.05) while there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p value >0.05). Significant association was found between the anxiety level with previous experience of surgery (p 0.041, f=6.083, df=2) and the number of past surgery (p= 0.048, f=8.191, df=4).
CONCLUSION: Video Assisted Breathing Technique was found to be effective in reducing preoperative anxiety in the experimental group of patients undergoing elective surgeries. It is thus recommended for nurses to utilize evidence-based non-pharmacological interventions for reducing patients’ anxiety in the preoperative period.

Key words: Anxiety, Elective Surgery, Pre-Operative Period, Pre-Operative anxiety, Video Assisted Breathing Technique.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK IBU DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI POSYANDU MAWAR 5 KELURAHAN 1 ULU PALEMBANG
Authors: Muhith Subhan
Published: June 2024

Pendahuluan: ASI eksklusif adalah pemberian ASI selama 6 bulan pertama kelahiran tanpa ada penambahan atau mengganti dengan makanan atau minuman lain. Adapun yang mempengaruhi Pemberian ASI eksklusif yaitu faktor internal diantaranya karakteristik ibu berupa umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pengetahuan. Faktor eksternal yaitu dukungan dari keluarga (suami dan orang tua) dan tenaga kesehatan. Metode  : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Menggunakan uji analisa chi square pengambilan data dengan teknik penarikan sampel Non Probility Sampling yaitu Sampling Purposive Hasil : Didapatkan nilai  p value umur 0,057 (>0,05), p value pekerjaan 1,000 (>0,05) dan p value peran tenaga kesehatan 0,057 (>0,05) artinya tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur responden, pekerjaan responden dan peran tenaga kesehatan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. p value pendidikan 0,004 (<0,05),  p value pengetahuan 0,002 (<0,05) dan p value dukungan keluarga 0,023 (<0,05) artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pendidikan responden, pengetahuan responden dan dukungan keluarga dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Kesimpulan : Bahwa faktor yang mempengarahui pemberian ASI eksklusif berupa umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga kesehatan. Diharapkan bagi peneliti selanjutnya agar menambah variabel yang mempengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif.
Kata Kunci : Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif.
Benson Relaxation Therapy Effectively Reduces Blood Pressure In Other Adult With Hypertension: A Pre-Experimental Study
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: June 2024

Pendahuluan : Prevelensi kejadian hipertensi pada lanjut usia (lansia) terus mengalami peningkatan baik secara global maupun nasional. Hipertensi pada lansia apabila tidak di atasi dengan baik tentunya dapat menimbulkan beberapa komplikasi mulai dari penyakit jantung hingga storke dan kematian. Tekanan darah yang tidak stabil (fuktuatif) merupakan salah satu efek negatif dari proses penuaan pada lansia, maka dari itu, perlu adanya upaya pengendalian tekanan dara. Salah satu terapi yang dapat digunakaan dalam mengendalikan tekanan darah yakni terapi farmakologi dan non-farmokologi. Efek yang ditimbulkan oleh farmakologi dapat mempengaruhi konsekuensi negatif lansia, maka dari itu dikembangkanlah terapi berbasis non-farmakologi yakni terapi relaksasi benson. Kelebihan terapi relaksasi benson ini selain dapat menstabilkan tekanan darah, terapi relaksasi benson juga dilakukan dengan mudah dan dapat dilakukan oleh siapa saja dan kapan saja, serta tidak membutuhkan waktu dan biaya. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuipengaruh relaksasi benson terhadap tekanan darah pada lansia. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-ekperimental dengan rancangan penelitian one group pre-post test design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 08-21 Juni 2023. Populasi penelitian ini adalah masyarakat korban bencana pasca banjir dengan jumlah sampel 50 responden.  Hasil hasil penelitian Rata-rata nilai tekanan darah sistolik sesudah dilakukaan intervensi didapatkan median 162.00 mmHg dengan nilai standar deviasi 10.48. Sedangkan nilai tekanan darah diastolik sesudah dilakukan intervensi median 73.00 mmHg dengann nilai standar deviasi 10.02 Diskusi: terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan teknik relaksasi benson terhadap tekanan darah pada lansia dengan p value yaitu 0,0001 (p<0,05).
Cool Pack Management to Reduce Pain Levels During Infusion Installation in Typhoid Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Room
Authors: Triwijayanti Renny
Published: June 2024

Background: Typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease that attacks the digestive tract and is caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria with symptoms of increased body temperature. Hyperthermia will also increase the risk of fluid volume deficiency (dehydration). One action to overcome this is by inserting fluids through an IV. However, nurses must respect the child's concerns about pain reactions. Therefore, efforts are needed to reduce pain due to the procedure provided by installing a Cool Pack. The Cool Pack, which is previously placed on the hand where the infusion will be installed, is able to reduce the level of pain because this therapy produces an analgesic effect by slowing down the speed at which pain impulses reach the brain. Objective: Management of Cool Pack in two patients to reduce the level of pain during infusion in pediatric typhoid patients in the Emergency Room of Muhammadiyah Hospital Palembang. Method: This method uses observation, interviews and assessment instruments with primary and secondary data collection techniques for 2 days from 06 May 2023 to 07 May 2023. Results: After administering the Cool Pack, the results obtained were that there was an effect from giving Cool Pack before installing the infusion. The first patient had a pain scale result: 5, and the second patient had a pain scale result: 5. Conclusion: Cool Pack management was good for reducing the level of pain during infusion in both patients. Suggestion: Cool Pack management is expected to be one of the treatment interventions to reduce the level of pain during infusion and not only in pediatric typhoid patients, but also in other pediatric patients who will undergo infusion.
Keywords: Typhoid, Hyperthermia, Dehydration, Cool Pack, Infusion, Pain
PERBEDAAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH METODE GOD-PAP DAN POCT MENGGUNAKAN SAMPEL DARAH VENA DAN DARAH KAPILER
Authors: Nurhidayanti Nurhidayanti
Published: June 2024

Latar Belakang: Glukosa merupakan sumber energi utama yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Metode pemeriksaan ini menggunakan metode GOD-PAP dan POCT dengan sampel yang sama dengan sampel darah vena dan kapiler. Metode glukosa oksidase (GOD-PAP) merupakan metode pemeriksaan yang spesifik untuk melakukan pengukuran kadar glukosa dalam serum atau plasma. Metode POCT merupakan pemeriksaan laboratorium sederhana. Pemeriksaan ini dapat dilakukan di luar laboratorium dengan hasil yang cepat,namun memiliki presisi dan akurasi yang kurang. Pemeriksaan darah vena dan kapiler merupakan pemeriksaan glukosa darah yang umum diterapkan. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui ada perbedaan dari kadar glukosa darah dengan Metode GOD-PAP dan POCT pada sampel darah vena dan darah kapiler. Metode Penelitian: Crossectional ,penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Muhammdiyah Palembang. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah semua Mahasiswa Laki-laki Prodi S.Tr.Teknologi Laboratorium Medis IKesT Muhammadiyah Palembang yang berjumlah 23 orang dengan menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Hasil: Didapatkan hasil nilai rata-rata perbedaan kadar glukosa darah pada sampel darah vena dan kapiler, pada sampel darah vena metode GOD-PAP didapatkan hasil rata-rata 72.86 mg/dL, sedangkan pada darah vena metode POCT didapatkan nilai rata-rata 106,57 mg/dL dan  sampel darah kapiler menggunakan metode GOD-PAP hasil rata-rata 85,12 mg/dL, sedangkan pada darah kapiler metode POCT didapatkan nilai rata-rata 88,61 mg/dL. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan metode yang  direkomendasikan metode GOD-PAP karena metode ini memiliki ketelitiannya lebih tinggi, sehingga diperoleh hasil yang lebih akurat.
Chemical Composition, Microbiological and Sensory Qualities of Banana Based Complementary Diets Fortified with African Breadfruit Seed and Carrot Flours
Authors: A. P. Edima-Nyah , B. N. Effiong , L. S. Ndah , V. E. Ntukidem , M. C. Ekanem , C. A. Ogbonna
Published: June 2024

About the age of six months, an infant requires more nutrients and energy than those provided by the breast milk, and complementary diets are therefore introduced to meet those needs. The objective of this study was therefore to develop and evaluate complementary diets from cooking banana, African breadfruit seeds and carrot flour blends. Ratios of cooking banana, African breadfruit seed and carrot flour blends in 90:0:10 as Diet 1, 85:5:10 as Diet 2, 80:10:10 as Diet 3, 75:15:10 as Diet 4 and 70:20:10 as Diet 5, were used for formulation of complementary diets. The flour blends for diet production showed bulk density and gelatinization temperature decreased from 0.98 to 0.65 g/ml and 85.67 to 78.10oC respectively, while swelling and water absorption capacity increased from 268.33 to 295.00% and 208.33 to 243.33% respectively, with increase in African breadfruit seed flour in the composite blends. Phytate (1.25 – 11.03 mg/100g) and trypsin inhibitor activities (1.05 – 1.17 TIU/100g) increased with increasing African breadfruit flour supplementations. Proximate composition of diets showed increased protein (2.16 – 18.47%), fat (1.81 – 2.23%), ash (2.42 – 2.96 %) and decreased carbohydrate (73.14 – 89.80%). Iron and calcium content of Diets increased from 14.11 – 19.23mg/100g and 28.24 – 43.23 mg/100g, while magnesium decreased from 6.24 – 8.25mg/100g respectively with increasing African breadfruit flour. Vitamin A and C decreased from 13.09 to 9.16 and 0.98 – 0.75mg/100g respectively. Microbial quality of all Diets developed were within the acceptable limit of 103 cfu/g for both total bacterial (TBC) and total fungal count (TFC). Diet 3 (80:10:10) was most accepted in sensory qualities. Complementary diets produced with 80% cooking banana, 10% African breadfruit seed and 10% carrot flour blends could help fill the gaps, when transitioning from breast milk to family diet, to provide the essential nutrients and energy required for infant’s activity, optimum growth and development.
Constrained Maximization of the Economic Production Model of Lithium Ore Exploration in Nasarawa
Authors: A. O. Abam , A. S. Isah
Published: June 2024

Over 20,000 years ago, mining was discovered as one of the oldest production industries generating over US$700 billions’ of revenue in the world by a few mining companies. For some time, mining work has resulted in a very demanding affair as a result of greater depth, low-grade, limited resources, and complex geo-mining conditions. Therefore, optimization of the mining system plays a vital role in profit maximization with the satisfaction of many constraints. However, today’s mining industry uses complex and sophisticated systems whose reliability has become a critical issue. This work adopted the financial market theory of development to propose a maximized constrained optimization economic production model for lithium ore exploration in Nasarawa, Nigeria using three methods such as: the break-even principle method of cut-off grade between revenue earned and cost incurred; the mortimer’s method principle to determine ore based in two cut-off criteria (original and average good) and the lane method for net profit value thereby maximizing processing capacity. Data obtained from the field and the Ministry of Mines and Solid Minerals were analyzed using energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) showing the presence of lithium. The froth flotation technique used showed the beneficiation thereby achieving improved lithium concentrates and the inductively coupled atomic emission revealed a high presence of lithium of over 1859 parts per million (ppm) and other minerals.
Quality Assessment of Igue Calcite Deposit for Industrial Applications
Authors: S. Adakole , O. O. Samuel , I. Yusuf , S. Adakole
Published: June 2024

Calcite is one of the primary components of marble and limestone, they made up a significant amount of the crust of the Earth. The goal of the study is to characterize the Igue calcite deposit. Samples were sourced from five different pits, which were homogenized and eventually weighed five kilograms. Of that amount, one kilogram was set aside for laboratory testing and analysis. The sample was first crushed to a size of 1400 µm and then further reduced to 1100 µm using a ball mill. 100 grams of the sample was riffled out for sieve analysis, the particles were classified into 1000µm, 710µm, 500µm, 355µm, 250µm, 180µm, 125µm, 90µm, 63µm, and -63µm, and 125 µm sieve size was sampled out for chemical analysis using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The particle size distribution methods that were employed were the Gates Gaudin Schumann Method and the Rosin Rammler Method. The economic and actual liberation size is at sieve 180µm and 125µm respectively, according to the sieve analysis result mid points is at 49.26% which is the equilibrium point on the graph. The results of the chemical study indicate that the Igue white calcite deposit contains the following elements: Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, W, Au, Ag, and Rb with the mean concentrations of the following: 0.0000, 0.4257, 0.6757, 0.2845, 0.4199, 0.0000, 67.9587, 0.0000, 0.0009, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.1958, 0.0061, 0.0090, 0.0175, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0005 and 0.0000 respectively and intensities of : 0.0000, 0.0014, 0.0076, 0.006, 0.0059, 0.0000, 0.6923, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0012,0.0002, 0.0005, 0.0006, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, Igue white calcite has a good calcium content and intensity, with calcium being the predominant element in the sample and having the following intensity of 0.6923 and content of 67.9587.
Assessing the Awareness, Attitude, and Intention of Adolescents for HIV Screening Services Utilization in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: A. A. Olorunnisola , O. O. Oyerinde , I. Y. Adewoye , A. J. Ijanada , C. H. Uwalaka , O. O. Omoyele
Published: June 2024

Information on efficient HIV prevention strategies especially among adolescents in the region is still crucial because more than 70% of all HIV cases worldwide are in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed the awareness, attitude an Intentions of Adolescents for HIV Screening Services Utilization among secondary school students in Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria. Using multi-stage sampling, 120 students were selected from Selected Secondary Schools (s1-s3). A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data to measure the awareness, attitudes and Intentions of Adolescents to utilize HIV Screening Services. The data were presented as descriptive statistics subjected to independent t-test statistics at p ≤0.05 level of significance. The mean age, for the respondents was 15.73±1.461. Regarding awareness, About 70% of all students reported not to have individually sought information about HIV Screening at some period and the preferred source of information for the adolescents was in their schools. Further results showed a fairly high and positive attitude for the participants (76.66%) but the mean score for intention was 26.11±5.386. The need to raise awareness of the target population through education is recommended.
An Algorithm for a Space-Vector Pulse Width Modulation with a Hybrid Switching Sequence for a Three-Level Neutral Point Clamped Voltage Source Inverter
Authors: A. N. Shishkov, V. K. Le M. M. Dudkin,
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a new algorithm for a space-vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) with a hybrid switching sequence (SS) designed to control a three-level (3L) neutral point clamped (NPC) voltage source inverter (VSI). Based on the advantages of five-stage and seven-stage SS, we designed a hybrid SS to improve four key parameters in the system: inverter output current quality, neutral point (NP) and common-mode (CM) voltage levels, and switching losses of power switches. The proposed algorithm flexibly regulates meeting the four criteria depending on the system operating conditions by changing the regulation coefficient. The paper obtained an approximate dependence to determine the optimal regulation coefficient for any values of the inverter modulation coefficient when operating jointly with an active-inductive load. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is confirmed by computer simulation in the MatLab+Simulink environment, as well as the results of experimental studies. The paper presents the experimental dependences of static state spaces, including the distortion coefficient of higher current harmonics at the inverter output, the maximum error of the NP voltage, the number of switching pairs of power switches, and the pulse duty factor of CM voltage, depending on the inverter modulation coefficient and the regulation coefficient of the hybrid SS. The results showed that in the algorithm for a SVPWM with a hybrid SS, the number of switchings of power switches is reduced by an average of 13.5 % while maintaining the NP voltage balance and the quality of the curve at the inverter output at an acceptable level, close to a seven-stage SS (the deviations do not exceed 0.5 % and 0.2 %, respectively). The average CM voltage coefficient decreased by no more than 4.5 %. The indicators improve the energy saving, the weight-size parameters, and the operational reliability of the 3L NPC VSI. The application area of the algorithm is much wider and includes the control of power switches of active front ends, grid converters for electricity storage systems, active power filters, and power conditioners.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.237
Is competitive ability the key adaptation to benign environments? Revisiting experiments on closely related species of tidal plants
Authors: Martin Paul R.
Published: June 2024

A central goal in biology is to understand which traits underlie adaptation to different environments. Yet, few studies have examined the relative contribution of competitive ability towards adaptive divergence among species occupying distinct environments. Here we test the relative importance of competitive ability as an adaptation to relatively benign versus challenging environments, using previous, published studies of closely related species pairs of primarily tidal plants subjected to reciprocal removal with transplant experiments in nature. Subordinate species typically occupy more challenging environments and showed consistent evidence for adaptation to challenging conditions, with no significant competitive effect on nonlocal, dominant species. In contrast, dominant species typically occupy relatively benign environments, and performed significantly better than nonlocal, subordinate species that faced competition from the dominant species. Surprisingly, when the two species were not allowed to compete, subordinate species performed as well as the dominant species in the benign environments where the subordinate species does not occur. These results suggest that competitive ability is the most important adaptation distinguishing the species that occupy relatively benign environments. The limited scope and number of suitable experimental studies encourage future work to test if these results are generalizable across taxa and environments.