bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transseptal access: A review of contemporary tools
Authors: Kaplan Rachel M. , Wasserlauf Jeremiah , Knight Bradley P.
Published: March 2022

Transseptal left atrial catheterization is routinely used for many common catheter‐based interventions. Tools for transseptal catheterization have advanced over the recent years. Such tools include imaging advances with intracardiac echocardiology as well as an array of needles, wires, and dilators to achieve transseptal access with greater ease and safety. This study will discuss the contemporary tools for transseptal catheterization and guidance for difficult cases.
The performance changes and migration behavior of PLA/nano‐silver composite film by high‐pressure treatment in food simulation solution
Authors: Liu Yudi , Zhu Bifen , Fan Chunli , Qin Yuyue , Chen Haiyan
Published: March 2022

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most promising biodegradable materials, which can reduce the environmental pollution caused by food and material industry. The effect of the addition proportion of nano‐silver and different food simulant on the migration and the performance changes of film during migration were evaluated, revealing the association between the performance changes and nano‐silver migration. The results showed that nano‐silver had the largest migration amount and the fastest migration rate in 4% (v/v) acetic acid solution, followed by 50% (v/v) ethanol solution, and the lowest in isooctane solution. Performance changes were affected by the compatibility of silver nanoparticles and PLA, and the strength of the interaction between the film and acetic acid. Performances of composite film deteriorated during high proportions of nano‐silver addition and long soaking. Adding a small amount of nano‐silver to the composite was the effective method considering the balance between good performances and migration.
Hereditary gynecologic tumors and precision cancer medicine
Authors: Ogawa Chikako , Hirasawa Akira , Ida Naoyuki , Nakamura Keiichiro , Masuyama Hisashi
Published: March 2022

Gynecologic cancers are more often caused by genetic factors than other cancers. Genetic testing has become a promising avenue for the prevention, prognosis, and treatment of cancers. This review describes molecular features of gynecologic tumors linked to hereditary syndromes, gives an overview of the current state of clinical management, and clarifies the role of gynecology in the treatment of hereditary tumors. Typical hereditary gynecologic tumors include hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, Lynch syndrome, Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, and Cowden syndrome. Multigene panel testing, which analyzes a preselected subset of genes for genetic variants, has recently become the first‐choice test because it can provide more accurate risk assessment than a single test. Furthermore, comprehensive genomic cancer profiling enables personalized cancer treatment and aids in germline findings.
Gelation properties and protein conformation of grass carp fish ball as influenced by egg white protein
Authors: Yu Xiliang , Wang Yue , Xie Yisha , Wei Shibiao , Ding Haochen , Yu Chenxu , Dong Xiuping
Published: March 2022

Dried egg white powder (EWP) and purified ovalbumin (OVA, 98%) were used as supplements to improve grass carp (GC) fish balls (FB) quality. The effects of EWP and/or OVA contents on the gel strength, water holding capacity (WHC), moisture migration and distribution, and rheological properties of GC‐FB, as well as on myofibrillar protein (MfP) structures in the GC‐FB were evaluated. The results showed that with the increase of EWP addition from 0 to 4% (w/w), the gel strength, and WHC of the GC‐FB samples were increased from 34.28 to 66.63 N × mm, and 83.02 to 88.36%, respectively, but the increases were insignificant between 3 and 4% EWP‐added GC‐FBs (p > .05). As the EWP increased, the T2 relaxation time shifted toward lower values, indicating a general decline in water mobility. The effects of EWP on rheological properties were insignificant. Addition of OVA and/or EWP led to changes in secondary structural units in the FB, with α‐helix (27.53%) reaching the highest value in OVA‐added GC‐FB, β‐sheet (46.07%) reaching the highest value in GC‐FB, and β‐turn (33.54%) reaching the highest value in EWP‐added GC‐FB, respectively. Raman spectroscopy revealed that OVA‐added GC‐FB had the lowest hydrophobic interlinkages. Protein pattern analysis suggested that the OVA (1.58%) might contribute to the decrease in the myosin heavy chain band intensity through cross‐linked with MfP. These results suggested that EWP could improve the quality of GC‐FBs and OVA played an important role with MfP gelation.
Adaptive variation in homologue number within transcript families promotes expression divergence in reef‐building coral
Authors: Dimos Bradford , Emery Madison , Beavers Kelsey , MacKnight Nicholas , Brandt Marilyn , Demuth Jeffery , Mydlarz Laura
Published: March 2022

Gene expression, especially in multispecies experiments, is used to gain insight into the genetic basis of how organisms adapt and respond to changing environments. However, evolutionary processes that can influence gene expression patterns between species such as the presence of paralogues which arise from gene duplication events are rarely accounted for. Paralogous transcripts can alter the transcriptional output of a gene, and thus exclusion of these transcripts can obscure important biological differences between species. To address this issue, we investigated how differences in transcript family size are associated with divergent gene expression patterns in five species of Caribbean reef‐building corals. We demonstrate that transcript families that are rapidly evolving in terms of size have increased levels of expression divergence. Additionally, these rapidly evolving transcript families are enriched for multiple biological processes, with genes involved in the coral innate immune system demonstrating pronounced variation in homologue number between species. Overall, this investigation demonstrates the importance of incorporating paralogous transcripts when comparing gene expression across species by influencing both transcriptional output and the number of transcripts within biological processes. As this investigation was based on transcriptome assemblies, additional insights into the relationship between gene duplications and expression patterns will probably emergence once more genome assemblies are available for study.
FODMAP dietary restrictions in the management of children with functional abdominal pain disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Stróżyk Agata , Horvath Andrea , Szajewska Hania
Published: March 2022

Background

Evidence for the management of pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD) is lacking. The aim of this systematic review was to update evidence on the efficacy and safety of implementing low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) dietary restrictions for the management of children with FAPD.

Methods

The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases were searched up to October 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the use of a low‐FODMAP diet with any comparator in children aged 3–18 years with FAPD. The primary outcome was abdominal pain intensity.

Key Results

Five RCTs assessing the effects of a low‐FODMAP diet were included. An effect of a low‐FODMAP diet on abdominal pain intensity was only found in two trials. In one trial, there was a decrease in abdominal pain intensity on a 0–10 point Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) between low‐FODMAP and gastrointestinal protective diet groups after 2 months (mean difference, MD 1.77, 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.23 to 2.31, n = 60). In another trial, there was a difference in abdominal pain intensity during the 3‐day intervention between the low‐FODMAP and typical Singaporean diet groups (MD −1.36 cm, 95% CI −2.38 to −0.34, n = 10) measured using a 0–10 cm VAS.

Conclusions & Interferences

There is insufficient evidence for or against the efficacy and safety of using a low‐FODMAP diet for the management of children with FAPD.
The burden of food allergy on children and teens: A systematic review
Authors: Golding Michael A. , Batac Ayel L. R. , Gunnarsson Nina V. , Ahlstedt Staffan , Middelveld Roelinde , Protudjer Jennifer L. P.
Published: March 2022

Background

Over the last two decades, researchers have placed increasing attention on understanding how food allergy affects the health‐related quality of life (HRQL) and psychosocial well‐being of children and teens. In response, a number of reviews have been published that aim at synthesizing the literature. However, many of these papers focus narrowly on HRQL or suffer from methodological limitations.

Method

The current review aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive overview of the burden of pediatric food allergy by synthesizing the quantitative and qualitative literature.

Results

Findings from the present review provide evidence of reduced HRQL among children and teens with food allergy, particularly older children and those with more severe manifestations of the condition. In comparison to HRQL, the link between food allergy and psychosocial functioning is less clear; however, some evidence can be cited linking food allergy to greater levels of psychological distress. Qualitative evidence suggests that the burden of pediatric food allergy largely stems from worries surrounding exposures outside of the home and the social consequences of the condition. The current review also highlights several gaps in the literature, including a paucity of longitudinal research, research focused on predictors of psychological distress among children and teens with food allergy as well as a dearth of studies comparing rates of bullying in food‐allergic and non‐food‐allergic samples.

Conclusion

More emphasis should be placed on not only alleviating the social and psychological consequences of food allergy, but also on identifying and assisting those most acutely burdened by the condition.
Mental health effects prevalence in children and adolescents during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Júlia Meller Dias de , Butini Luciana , Pauletto Patrícia , Lehmkuhl Karyn Munyk , Stefani Cristine Miron , Bolan Michele , Guerra Eliete , Dick Bruce , De Luca Canto Graziela , Massignan Carla
Published: March 2022

Background

The COVID‐19 pandemic health crisis has changed household and school routines leaving children and adolescents without important anchors in life. This, in turn, can influence their mental health, changing their behavioral and psychological conditions.

Aims

To systematically review the literature to answer the question: “What is the worldwide prevalence of mental health effects in children and adolescents during the COVID‐19 pandemic?”.

Methods

Embase, Epistemonikos database, LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and World Health Organization Global literature on coronavirus disease were searched. Grey literature was searched on Google Scholar, Grey Literature Report, and Preprint server MedRxiv. Observational studies assessing the prevalence of mental health effects in children and adolescents during the COVID‐19 pandemic were included. Four authors independently collected the information and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies.

Results

From a total of 11,925 identified studies, 2873 remained after the removal of the duplicated records. Nineteen studies remained after the final selection process. The proportion of emotional symptoms and behavior changes varied from 5.7% to 68.5%; anxiety 17.6% to 43.7%, depression 6.3% to 71.5%, and stress 7% to 25%. Other outcomes such as the prevalence of post‐traumatic stress disorder (85.5%) and suicidal ideation (29.7% to 31.3%) were also evaluated.

Linking Evidence to Action

Overall findings showed that the proportion of children and adolescents presenting mental health effects during the COVID‐19 pandemic showed a wide variation in different countries. However, there was a trend toward mental health issues. Therefore, policymakers, healthcare planners, youth mental health services, teachers, parents, and researchers need to be prepared to deal with this demand.
Effects of alternating pressure air mattresses on pressure injury prevention: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kim Soo‐Yeon , Kim Hyun‐Jung , An Ji‐Won , Lee Yoonyoung , Shin Yong‐Soon
Published: March 2022

Background

Pressure injury (PI) is a significant health problem among inpatients that affects their health, quality of life, and expenses.

Aim

This systematic review aimed to compare effects of alternating pressure air mattresses (APMs) with other types of supporting surfaces as a tool for PI prevention.

Methods

The literature published between 2009 and 2020 was searched using the databases PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses process was followed, including independent study selection and data extraction. Quality appraisal was conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2.0).

Results

A total of six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were analyzed. The incidence of hospital‐acquired PIs at stage 1 or higher was reported in the APM group from 0.3% to 25%. In one study, APMs were found to be less effective than static air mattresses (SAMs); in contrast, two studies found no difference. In one study, the APM was reported to be more effective than the viscoelastic foam mattress (VFM). On the contrary, in a more recent study, the APM was reported to be less effective than the VFM, and there was no difference compared with high‐specification foam mattresses in another study. Using the RoB 2.0 tool, one study was evaluated at “low risk of bias,” another as “some concern,” and four as “high risk.”

Linking Evidence to Action

There is insufficient evidence to suggest that APM is more effective in preventing PIs than other supporting surfaces. Evidence to date suggests that APM can be used in patients at risk for PIs. It is important to change position regardless of the type of support surface used. Highly controlled RCTs with low risk of bias are needed to provide strong evidence for identifying the most effective PI prevention support surfaces.
Exponential Growth Model and Stochastic Population Models: A Comparison via Population Data
Authors: Mohamad Radzi Nurul Ashikin , Rahman Haliza Abd , Syed Jamaludin Shariffah Suhaila , Bahar Arifah
Published: March 2022

A population dynamic model explains the changes of a population in the near future, given its current status and the environmental conditions that the population is exposed to. In modelling a population dynamic, deterministic model and stochastic models are used to describe and predict the observed population. For modelling population size deterministic model may provide sufficient biological understanding about the system, but if the population numbers do become small, then a stochastic model is necessary with certain conditions. In this study, both types of models such exponential, discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC), continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) and stochastic differential equation (SDE) are applied to goat population data. Results from the simulations of stochastic realisations as well as deterministic counterparts are shown and tested by root mean square error (RMSE). The SDE model gives the smallest RMSE value which indicate the best model in fitting the data.
Forecasting Malaysia Bulk Latex Prices Using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Exponential Smoothing
Authors: Cheong Fu Mong , Syed Jamaludin Shariffah Suhaila
Published: March 2022

Natural rubber is an important component of many developed countries' socioeconomic structures because it is frequently used to manufacture essential consumer goods such as tires and latex gloves. The natural rubber industry is heavily affected by the volatility and unpredictability of the natural bulk latex markets. Forecasting natural rubber prices is critical for rubber industry in procurement decisions and marketing strategies. This study aims to model monthly bulk latex prices in Malaysia using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) and Exponential Smoothing. The models performance are measured using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The Malaysian Rubber Board has 132 historical prices for the latex in Malaysia from January 2010 to December 2020. They are used for training and testing in determining the forecasting accuracy. Overall finding show that ARIMA (1,1,0) provides the most accurate prediction. With a MAPE of 8.59 percent and an RMSE of 69.78 sen per kilogram, this model is considered the best and highly accurate.
Application of Functional Time Series Model in Forecasting Monthly Diurnal API Curves: A Comparison between Multi-Step Ahead and Iterative One-Step Ahead Approach
Authors: Shaadan Norshahida , Wan Mat Din Wan Najiha
Published: March 2022

In Malaysia, Air Pollution Index (API) is used to assess the status of background air quality. The computation of API involved six major air pollutants including PM10, PM2.5, O3, CO, SO2 and NOx.  Due to the harmful effect of air pollution, forecasting API is important. This paper introduces the application of Functional Time Series (FTS) model in forecasting monthly diurnal maximum API curves at two selected sites in Peninsular Malaysia; namely Shah Alam Selangor and Pasir Gudang Johor. Two FTS models were compared which include Multi-Step ahead and Iterative One-Step ahead approach. The results show that the Multi-Step ahead model has produced better performance giving the lowest error measures; FMSE, FRMSE and FMAPE compared to Iterative One-Step ahead.  This study has shown that FTS model has the advantage because it enables the prediction of continuous API levels within a defined continuum time, which in this study was the interval time within 24 hours. Functional descriptive mean shows a bimodal pattern with a peak at 3.00 pm and the average levels are at a healthy level. Functional mean of API exhibits an increasing pattern after sunrise towards 10.00 am at both sites, which inform that, this is the time with a higher contribution of vehicles emission while the standard deviation differs in the pattern. The model is recommended as an alternative model to be used by the government and environmentalists in providing input for guiding pollution control and protecting public health at the early stage. Furthermore, as for the private sector and industries, this study might provide a predictive analytic tool for forecasting daily API curves instead of a single daily average API value.
Operational Modal Analyses of Brush Seals and Seating Load Simulations
Authors: Duran Ertuğrul Tolga
Published: March 2022

Brush seals are one of the most effective sealing technologies in turbomachinery since they enable contact-type operation for close clearance control. Brush seal bristles must interact under turbine conditions, and the minimum pressure load to initiate proper contact between fibers is called seating load. Seating load evaluation is essential for the durability and stability assessment of bristles since unseated fibers may flutter and cause seal failure. Even with proper seating, brush seal critical modes may still be excited by flow-induced fluctuations or bucket tip excitations. In this study, a finite element-based methodology was developed to determine the seating load and identify the critical modes of brush seals. Under pressure load, brush seal nonlinear contact simulations are followed by frequency-based analysis to determine bristle and seal pack critical modes. To determine the seating load of the brush seal, the change in modal response is examined. In this paper, the modeling methodology, parameter correction procedures, geometric inspection of test seals, correlation of transient analyses with dynamic tip force measurements, operational modes of brush seals and seating load evaluation methods are detailed.
Uncertainty in Collapse Strength Prediction of Sandwich Pipelines
Authors: Bhardwaj U. , Teixeira A. P. , Guedes Soares C.
Published: March 2022

This paper assesses the uncertainty in the collapse strength of sandwich pipelines (SPs) under external pressure predicted by various strength models in three categories based on interlayer adhesion conditions. First, the validity of the strength models is verified by comparing their predictions with sandwich pipeline collapse test data and the corresponding model uncertainty factors are derived. Then, a parametric analysis of deterministic collapse strength predictions by models is conducted, illustrating insights of models’ behavior for a wide range of design configurations. Furthermore, the uncertainty among different model predictions is perceived at different configurations of outer and inner pipes and core thicknesses. A case study of a realistic sandwich pipeline is developed, and probabilistic models are defined to basic design parameters. Uncertainty propagation of models’ predictions is assessed by the Monte Carlo simulation method. Finally, the strength model predictions of sandwich pipelines are compared with that of an equivalent single-walled pipe.
Callaway Golf Company and Topgolf: The Perfect Merger?
Authors: Peters Justin , Garon Jared , Bellaire Dale A. , Smith Shaun , Marshall Derek , Dixon Jess C.
Published: March 2022

This case is based on the 2020 merger between Callaway Golf Company, a leader in the golf equipment and apparel industry, and Topgolf Entertainment Group, the top entertainment brand in the golf industry. Mergers have been known to provide greater efficiency and profitability, but they can also initiate a clash of corporate cultures, creating conflict which may result in a loss of employee satisfaction and brand equity. Along with reviewing the industry and potential outcomes, students will analyze the viability of this merger by conducting a value chain analysis of both companies to look for product alignment. This decision-based case asks students to play the role of Callaway Golf board member Sophia Berckman, who is preparing to make a statement on the prospective merger of the two companies at an emergency board meeting. As such, students will be expected to formulate a recommendation to the board of directors on whether this is a wise business decision using the information provided.
VPS29 Exerts Opposing Effects on Endocytic Viral Entry
Authors: Poston Daniel , Weisblum Yiska , Hobbs Alvaro , Bieniasz Paul D.
Published: March 2022

These data identify a host pathway by which VPS29 and associated factors control the endosomal environment in a manner that influences susceptibility to viral infection. This pathway could serve as a pharmaceutical target for intervention in zoonotic viral diseases, including those caused by coronaviruses, influenza viruses, and filoviruses, all of which are pandemic threats.
Minimal Crossover between Mutations Associated with Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2 and CD8
+
T-Cell Epitopes Identified in COVID-19 Convalescent Individuals
Authors: Redd Andrew D. , Nardin Alessandra , Kared Hassen , Bloch Evan M. , Abel Brian , Pekosz Andrew , Laeyendecker Oliver , Fehlings Michael , Quinn Thomas C. , Tobian Aaron A. R.
Published: March 2022

The newly identified Omicron variant of concern contains more mutations than any of the previous variants described to date. In addition, many of the mutations associated with the Omicron variant are found in areas that are likely bound by neutralizing antibodies, suggesting that the first line of immunological defense against COVID-19 is compromised.
Preterm infant circulating sex steroid levels are not altered by transfusion with adult male plasma: a retrospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Nilsson Anders K , Hellgren Gunnel , Sjöbom Ulrika , Landin Andreas , Ryberg Henrik , Wackernagel Dirk , Ley David , Hansen Pupp Ingrid , Poutanen Matti , Ohlsson Claes , Hellstrom Ann
Published: March 2022

Objective

To determine if plasma transfusions with male donor plasma to very preterm infants affect circulatory levels of sex steroids.

Design and patients

Retrospective multicentre cohort study in 19 infants born at gestational age <29 weeks requiring plasma transfusion during their first week of life.

Setting

Three neonatal intensive care units in Sweden.

Main outcome measures

Concentrations of sex steroids and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in donor plasma and infant plasma measured before and after a plasma transfusion and at 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours.

Results

The concentrations of progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione were significantly lower in donor plasma than in infant plasma before the transfusion (median (Q1–Q3) 37.0 (37.0–37.0), 1918 (1325–2408) and 424 (303–534) vs 901 (599–1774), 4119 (2801–14 645) and 842 (443–1684) pg/mL), while oestrone and oestradiol were higher in donor plasma (17.4 (10.4–20.1) and 16.0 (11.7–17.2) vs 3.1 (1.1–10.2) and 0.25 (0.25–0.25) pg/mL). Median testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels were 116-fold and 21-fold higher in donor plasma than pre-transfusion levels in female infants, whereas the corresponding difference was not present in male infants. Plasma sex steroid levels were unchanged after completed transfusion compared with pre-transfusion levels, irrespective of the gender of the receiving infant. The SHBG concentration was significantly higher in donor than in recipient plasma (22.8 (17.1–33.5) vs 10.2 (9.1–12.3) nmol/L) before transfusion but did not change in the infants after the transfusion.

Conclusions

A single transfusion of adult male plasma to preterm infants had no impact on circulating sex steroid levels.
Consequences of drying on the hydro-mechanical response of fibrous peats upon compression
Authors: Zhao H.F. , Jommi C.
Published: March 2022

Peats are encountered in waterlogged deltaic areas, where degradation is delayed by favourable environmental conditions. The recent increase in frequency and severity of droughts is expected to accelerate peat degradation, in turn increasing subsidence and flood risk, urging better understanding of the response of peats to drying events. To this aim, compression tests on natural and reconstituted peat samples were performed, supported by X-ray micro-computed tomography. The peat fabric was found to be the key factor in the response to drying, with fibres playing the most significant role. Drying in peats starts affecting the macro-fabric, with an irreversible reduction in volume and disruption of the fibrous network occurring under saturated conditions until a threshold void ratio is reached, below which desaturation occurs of the intra-fibres and intra-peds pores. The first drying stage dramatically decreases the compressibility, while the hydraulic conductivity is hardly affected due to the enlargement of macropores. Secondary compressibility is affected by the peat fabric besides the organic content. The total organic content does not change substantially during drying; hence, it is not the best proxy to describe the consequences of drying on the response of fibrous peats. The fibre content can be better used to serve the aim.
Smeared mass source wormholes in modified f(R) gravity with the Lorentzian density distribution function
Authors: Sadeghi J. , Pourhassan B. , Gashti S. Noori , Upadhyay S.
Published: March 2022

Wormholes are speculative structures linking disparate spacetime points. Their geometry can be obtained by solving Einstein equations with tolerating the violation of null energy conditions (NEC). Recently, many researchers have studied different wormholes according to different criteria, and they achieved remarkable results. In this paper, we investigate a series of exact solutions of the static wormhole with smeared mass source geometry in modified [Formula: see text] gravity theories. In fact, we consider the Lorentzian density distribution which is coming from a particle-like source. To be more specific, the modified gravity models we consider here are some power laws. We compute resulting solutions according to the wormhole field equations. We also specify parameters such as the radial pressure and transverse pressure as well as various energy conditions such as NEC, weak energy conditions and strong energy conditions. Finally, by plotting some figures, in addition to identifying the wormhole throat, we describe the results of either the violation or the satisfaction of the energy conditions completely.
Sensitivity of lepton flavor violation process B+ → K+μ−τ+ in future experiments
Authors: Wang Shijie , Wang Dayong
Published: March 2022

The upcoming upgrades of Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the proposed Future Circular Collider (FCC-hh) offer an opportunity of observing the Lepton Flavor Violating (LFV) process beyond the Standard Model. Monte Carlo simulation of generating and detecting an LFV process [Formula: see text] on CMS at LHC (Run-3), HL-LHC, and FCC-hh reference detector (FRD) is performed. This process is favored by the leptoquark models, particularly the three-site Pati–Salam model but disfavored by the gauged [Formula: see text] model, both of which are introduced to address the [Formula: see text] anomalies. We study possible backgrounds with similar final states and use Multi-Variable Analysis (MVA) to discriminate signal events from possible backgrounds. The MVA output is used to estimate Single Event Sensitivity (SES) of this process, yielding encouraging results on CMS at HL-LHC and FRD at FCC-hh with considerable SES values of about [Formula: see text] (CMS, LHC Run-3), [Formula: see text] (CMS, HL-LHC) and [Formula: see text] (FRD, FCC-hh), suggesting it’s promising to probe such process in the future high energy physics experiments and constrain the new physics models more rigorously.
Two-way ↔ quantum communication using four-qubit cluster state: Mutual exchange of quantum information
Authors: Verma Vikram , Sisodia Mitali
Published: March 2022

In this study, we have proposed a scheme for two-way quantum communication in which the two legitimate participants mutually exchange their quantum information to each other by using a four-qubit cluster state as the quantum channel. Recently, by utilizing four-qubit cluster state as the quantum channel, Kazemikhah et al. [Int. J. Theor. Phys. 60, 378 (2021)] tried to design a scheme for mutual exchange of quantum information between two legitimate participants. However, in this study, it has been shown that in their scheme, the transmission of quantum information cannot be realized because the two participants are not entangled to each other due to a trivial conceptual mistake made by Kazemikhah et al. in the description of the quantum channel. Here, we have shown that two legitimate participants can teleport quantum information states to each other by using four-qubit cluster state as the quantum channel, provided they co-operate with each other and perform nonlocal controlled phase gate operation. If both participants do not co-operate with each other, then no one can reconstruct the information sent to them, and therefore, the exchange of information is possible only when both participants are honest to each other.
Process optimization of pulse-assisted chemical deposition of Ni–P coating
Authors: Yang Zongju , Li Yongfeng , Han Hongjiang , Zhang Chenming , Leng Haoyuan , Zhang Mingming , Zhang Yaqi , Ming Pingmei , Gao Wei
Published: March 2022

In this study, the problems of the low deposition rate and bath instability in chemical deposition can be effectively solved by using the pulsed current-assisted chemical deposition process when preparing Ni–P alloy coating. Orthogonal experiments were designed by changing the average current density, pulse frequency and duty ratio of the pulses to study their effects on the deposition rate and hardness of the coatings. Compact Ni–P coating with uniform surface morphology and good performance was prepared by parameter optimization. The results show that our method can greatly improve the deposition rate while ensuring the surface quality and performance of the deposited layer.
Indentation of piezoelectric micro- and nanostructures
Authors: Cheng Guang , Lu Yue , Venkatesh T. A.
Published: March 2022

This study is focused on obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the influence of geometry — size and shape — on the indentation response of a large set of piezoelectric small-volume structures such as nanoislands, nanowires and thin films. Using three-dimensional finite element modeling, the complex interplay between the properties of the indented materials and the indentation response of piezoelectric micro- and nanostructures is analyzed. It is demonstrated that: (i) In general, the indentation response of thin film structures tends to be much stiffer than that of the piezoelectric nanoisland and nanowires, resulting in more charges being generated during the indentation of the thin-film structures. (ii) The indentation of the piezoelectric nanowire structures with a spherical indenter whose radius is substantially larger than the width of the nanowires, introduces a combination of deformation modes — structural bulging and indentation-induced compression. The combined effect of two deformation modes produces a maximum in the charges generated during the indentation process on a nanowire structure with a particular aspect ratio (i.e., wire width/wire height), which is greater than that produced in nanoisland and thin films structures with the same characteristic size.
Gain and Bandwidth Programmable Fourth-Order Multiple Feedback Butterworth Low-Pass Filter for C–V2X Applications
Authors: Barin Furkan , Zencir Ertan
Published: March 2022

A gain and bandwidth tunable active-RC multiple-feedback (MFB) fourth-order low-pass filter is presented, which exhibits four different bandwidths of 10, 20, 30 and 40[Formula: see text]MHz and four different gain settings of 0, 4, 8 and 12[Formula: see text]dB to meet the requirements of the cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) standards. The filter uses the cascade of two biquad MFB cells. Gain and bandwidth programmability is achieved by using programmable capacitor and resistor arrays. A logic block is implemented in the filter to adjust the gain transfer function for every tuning option. Also, two-stage miller op-amp topology is chosen to implement biquad MFB cells for minimum complexity and maximum efficiency in low voltage operation. The filter is designed in 65-nm CMOS technology and occupies a 0.181[Formula: see text]mm2 area and it totally consumes 13.41[Formula: see text]mW from the 1.2[Formula: see text]V supply voltage. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this work is the first CMOS baseband filter design that includes both gain and bandwidth programmability implemented for C-V2X applications.
A categorification of the Vandermonde determinant
Authors: Chandler Alex
Published: March 2022

In the spirit of Bar-Natan’s construction of Khovanov homology, we give a categorification of the Vandermonde determinant. Given a sequence of positive integers [Formula: see text], we construct a complex of colored smoothings of the two-strand torus link [Formula: see text] in the shape of the Bruhat order on [Formula: see text], and apply a topological quantum field theory (TQFT) to obtain a chain complex whose Euler characteristic is equal to the Vandermonde determinant evaluated at [Formula: see text]. A generalization to arbitrary link diagrams is given, yielding categorifications of certain generalized Vandermonde determinants.
COMPARISON OF UTILITY SCORES OF HIP ARTHROPLASTY FOR DYSPLASTIC OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Hino Akihiro , Kaku Nobuhiro , Tagomori Hiroaki , Ikeda Shinichi , Tsumura Hiroshi
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the utility score of dysplastic osteoarthritis of the hip (OA) after different surgical treatments.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the utility scores of 204 patients using the Short Form-6 Dimension.

Results: Utility scores of all surgery types were significantly higher than those preoperatively in OA ([Formula: see text]). The utility scores of the unilateral primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) were significantly higher than those of the revision THA.

Conclusions: Although THA and osteotomy are effective surgical procedures, lifetime treatment plans should be considered to avoid revision surgery as far as possible.
Convolution Approach for Value at Risk Estimation
Authors: Siu Yam Wing
Published: March 2022

Formally, Value at risk (VaR) measures the worst expected loss over a given horizon under normal market conditions at a given confidence level. Very often, daily data are used to compute VaR and scale up to the required time horizon with the square root of time adjustment. This gives rise to an important question when we perform VaR estimation: whether the values of VaR (i.e., “loss”) should be interpreted as (1) exactly on [Formula: see text]th day and (2) within i days. This research attempted to answer the above question using actual data of SPX and HSI. It was found that, in determining the proportionality of the values, (i.e., slopes) of VaR versus the holding period, the slopes for within i days are generally greater than those for exactly on [Formula: see text]th day. This has great implications to risk managers as it would be inappropriate to simply scale up the one-day volatility by multiplying the square root of time (or the number of days) ahead to determine the risk over a longer horizon of [Formula: see text] days.

The evolution of log return distribution over time using actual data has also been performed empirically. It provides a better understanding than a series of VaR values. However, the number of samples in actual data is limited. There may not be enough data to draw reliable observation after it has been evolved a few times. Numerical simulation can help solve the problem by generating, say, one million log returns. It has been used to provide many insights as to how the distribution evolves over time and reveals an interesting dynamic of minimum cumulative returns.

Numerical simulation is time consuming for performing evolution of distribution. The convolution approach provides an efficient way to analyze the evolution of the whole data distribution that encompasses VaR and others. The convolution approach with modified/scaled input distribution has been developed and it matches the results of numerical simulation perfectly for independent data for both exactly on [Formula: see text]th day and within i days. As the autocorrelation of the single index is mostly close to zero, results show that the convolution approach is able to match empirical results to a large extent.
The Expectation of Exchange Rate and Foreign Share Discount: The Evidence from Hong Kong H-Share Discount
Authors: Zhao Kevin
Published: March 2022

This paper examines the causal relationship between the expectation of exchange rate and the Hong Kong H-share discount relative to China A-shares over the period 2006–2015, during which the Chinese currency transitioned from a pegged regime to a managed floating regime. Results show that the expected appreciation of the Chinese yuan leads to the decline in the H-share discount after controlling for the effect of different market sentiments and several other factors that explain the foreign share discount in the existing literature. Our results remain robust after adopting alternative model specifications.
The Upper and Forcing Connected Outer Connected Geodetic Numbers of a Graph
Authors: Ganesamoorthy K. , Jayanthi D.
Published: March 2022

For a connected graph [Formula: see text] of order at least two, a connected outer connected geodetic set [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is called a minimal connected outer connected geodetic set if no proper subset of [Formula: see text] is a connected outer connected geodetic set of [Formula: see text]. The upper connected outer connected geodetic number [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is the maximum cardinality of a minimal connected outer connected geodetic set of [Formula: see text]. We determine bounds for it and certain general properties satisfied by this parameter are studied. It is shown that, for any two integers [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], there exists a connected graph [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the connected outer connected geodetic number of a graph. Also, another parameter forcing connected outer connected geodetic number [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text] is introduced and several interesting results on this parameter are studied.
Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Validity of Thermal Frequency Responses of Laminated Advanced Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite Panel
Authors: Sahu Pruthwiraj , Sharma Nitin , Dewangan Hukum Chand , Panda Subrata Kumar
Published: March 2022

Thermal frequency responses of the hybrid laminated composite panel are theoretically computed using the finite element model and for the first time compared with in-house experimental data. The structural model for hybrid panel is derived using higher-order displacement polynomial functions (to maintain the necessary stress/strain continuity) and discretized through the isoparametric finite elements. Moreover, the elastic properties of the composite are evaluated suitably including thermal and physical parameters of the advanced fibers (Glass/Carbon/Kevlar) with the help of experimentations and numerical tool (via ABAQUS using mean-field homogenization). The variation of modal responses due to the change in temperature increment is computed through a generic computer code generated via the higher-order mathematical model. The numerical frequency values are compared with the earlier published numerical results and the experimentally recorded eigen frequencies. The experimental verifications related to the end boundaries indicate that the incorporation of the clamped boundary for one edge doubles the frequency, whereas the fraction of Kevlar fiber does not influence the stiffness (due to longitudinal modulus) parameter irrespective of the temperature change. Further, the conclusive understandings of the hybrid composite structural panel due to the inclusion of different advanced fibers and other design parameters (geometry, boundary and temperature) are deliberated in detail.
INVESTIGATION OF FLOW IN AN IDEALIZED CURVED ARTERY: COMPARATIVE STUDY USING CFD AND FSI WITH NEWTONIAN AND NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
Authors: SHINDE SHUBHAM , MUKHOPADHYAY SUDIPTO , MUKHOPADHYAY SUMANTO
Published: March 2022

Artery curvatures, where disturbed flow patterns are expected, are preferred sites of formation of atherosclerosis. Experimental studies have shown that low and oscillating wall shear stress (WSS) plays an important role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Accurate estimation of these biomechanical parameters is important to assess the risk of atherosclerosis formation. The coupled effects of non-Newtonian behavior of blood and artery wall flexibility for the transient blood flow through an idealized curved coronary artery are investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as well as fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulations. The choice of fluid model, Carreau and Newtonian, was found to impact the time averaged and minimum WSS values. The effects of wall deformation on time averaged wall shear tress were negligible. However, a comparison of temporal minima of WSS along the curvature showed significant variations between CFD and FSI simulations. Since low WSS values are crucial in the prediction of atherosclerosis development, it is concluded that both the non-Newtonian behavior of blood and the wall flexibility should be considered for computational studies.
Effect of Soluble P2O5 Form on the Hydration and Hardening of Hemihydrate Phosphogypsum
Authors: Zhang Jianwu , Wang Xiao , Jin Biao , Liu Chunguang , Zhang Xiaoting , Li Zhixin
Published: March 2022

The preparation of building gypsum from phosphogypsum is one of the ways to realize its resource utilization. However, the precondition is first to reveal the influence mechanism of the impurities in phosphogypsum on the properties of plaster. Thus, the influence of the form of soluble P2O5 (H3PO4,

H

2

PO

4
−

, and

HPO

4

2
−

) that is considered the most significant impurity on the hydration and hardening of hemihydrate phosphogypsum was studied in this paper, which included the setting time, mechanical properties, hydration rate, crystal structure, and micromorphology of hydration products. The results showed that both H3PO4 and

H

2

PO

4
−

can accelerate the early hydration of hemihydrate phosphogypsum, shorten the setting time of paste, and improve the mechanical properties of hardened paste. In addition, H3PO4 had a more significant effect than

H

2

PO

4
−

. Different from H3PO4 and

H

2

PO

4
−

,

HPO

4

2
−

significantly delayed the early hydration reaction of hemihydrate phosphogypsum, significantly prolonged the setting time of the paste, and significantly reduced the mechanical properties of the hardened body. The test data of XRD, IR, and SEM showed that two negative effects can be caused when soluble P2O5 existed in the form of

HPO

4

2
−

. On the one hand,

HPO

4

2
−

can lead to the formation of Ca3(PO4)2 insoluble substance in the hydration reaction of hemihydrate phosphogypsum, which significantly hindered the hydration reaction and prolonged the setting time of the paste. On the other hand,

HPO

4

2
−

can change the crystallization habit of the hydration product of CaSO4·2H2O and make it change from needle-columnar to semiflake and irregular shape, resulting in a significant reduction in the mechanical properties of hardened paste.
Dynamic Prediction Method of 3D Spatial Information of Coal Mining Subsidence Water Area Integrated with Landsat Remote Sensing and Knothe Time Function
Authors: Liu Hui , Li Yu
Published: March 2022

Subsidence water disaster has become a major problem to the ecological environment because of the submerged villages, farmland destruction, and ecological destructive changes in the mining subsidence area of high-water level. Taking the 1031 working face of Wugou Coal Mine in Huaibei, Anhui, China, as the research subject, (1) a three-dimensional (3D) spatial information dynamic prediction method was proposed for high-water-level coal mining subsidence areas by combining the Knothe time function based on the probability integration method (PIM) and the principle of water balance. (2) The dynamic evolution law of the water accumulation area in the high-water-level coal mining subsidence area was studied. (3) The applicability of the dynamic prediction model of the water accumulation range in the high-water-level coal mining subsidence area was verified. The results showed that the dynamic prediction of the 3D spatial information of the high diving area is highly accurate and can be suitable for the dynamic prediction by comparison with the results of remote sensing monitoring and field measurement. As a result, technical reference and theoretical basis for the comprehensive assessment and remediation of the ecological environment of the high diving mining subsidence area were proposed.
Spotted Fever: An Undercover Cause of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in the Immediate Postpartum
Authors: Ibarra Stone Karen Aida , Solis Jose Gabriel , Blanco-Lemus Enrique , Malagón-Rangel Jose , Gordillo-Perez Guadalupe
Published: March 2022

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is characterized by a dysregulated activation of the immune system that causes fever, cytopenias, organomegalies, and hemophagocytosis. There are infectious, neoplastic, rheumatologic, and miscellaneous causes. Rickettsioses are a neglected cause of HLH. We report a confirmed case of an immunocompetent woman in Mexico with postpartum HLH secondary to spotted fever. We did a review of the literature for search of similar cases. The association between these two diseases was found in postmortem studies, unrelated to postpartum. This diagnosis should be considered in all patients with HLH without an evident cause in areas of epidemiological risk.