bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stayin ‘Alive through Health Education in a Correctional Setting
Authors: Johnson Amy
Published: May 2021

Individuals who are incarcerated are disproportionately affected by chronic disease, mental health concerns, and substance use, compared to the general population. Despite the need to improve health in individuals who are incarcerated, the delivery of quality health care, including health education, often meets with challenges. Quality health education lays a foundation for improved health, and is one strategy nurses can use to improve the health of incarcerated individuals. To address this pressing health need, students in a community health nursing course at the University of Illinois at Chicago provided health education to men finishing their prison sentences at an adult transition center. Verbal and written statements from the men and the students indicate that the educational offering was a positive experience. One man's attendance at a health education class had a life-changing impact on another man at the center.
Standing Tall: Leadership Reflections from the Community Health Center Frontlines
Authors: Diouf Colleen McDonald
Published: May 2021

Community health centers have withstood adversity for several decades. As health-care systems seek to reverse health inequities experienced by Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC), learnings from community health centers demonstrate tangible ways to improve access and health for all. During the COVID-19 pandemic many community health centers have engaged in innovations in services to build on trust and to reach community members with testing and other needed services. Lessons around leading these efforts could support systemic change in the health-care system.
A Review of Motivational Interviewing in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Guzick Andrew G. , McCabe Randi E. , Storch Eric A.
Published: May 2021

Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a highly effective treatment for individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), a portion people with OCD do not benefit fully from CBT due to ambivalence about participating in treatment, nonadherence to exposure exercises, and dropout. This paper reviews the promising evidence for motivational interviewing (MI) as a therapeutic approach that is well suited to address these issues and potentially improve treatment outcomes. It will also provide a discussion of MI processes that may enhance CBT for OCD which can foster a collaborative relationship that integrates a patient's own goals and values into exposure planning, helps resolve ambivalence or reluctance to engage in exposure exercises and builds and supports patients' intrinsic motivation to participate in treatment. The review will conclude with a case report describing the use of pre-CBT MI for an individual with OCD.
Studies on the Water Solubilization Processes of Oenotannins and their Physico-Chemical Properties
Authors: Duca Gh. , Lupaşcu T. , Vlad P. , Kulciţki V. , Nastas R.
Published: May 2021

The results of investigation of oenotannins content in the seeds of different grape varieties are presented in the paper. It was demonstrated that the oenotannins content depends on the grape variety as well as on the geographycal zone of grape cultivation. A new procedure for water sollubilization of oenotannins by depolimerization has been elaborated. The mechanism of the oenotannins depolimerization has been reveiled by mass-spectrometric studies. It has been established, that the depolimerization process brings about formation of carboxilic acids and organic peroxides. The presence of the carboxilic and peroxidic groups was detremined on the basis of IR spectral analysis. It was demonstrated that the antioxidant properties of modified tannins are higher then those of initial unmodified ones.
[Cr3O(CH3COO)6(H2O)3]NO3⋅HNO3⋅H2O, Triaqua-Hexakis(Μ- Acetato)-Μ3-Oxo-Trichromium(III) Nitrate Nitric Acid Solvate Monohydrate
Authors: Bettinelli Marco , Speghini Adolfo , Bocelli Gabriele , Gherco Olesea , Mereacre Valeriu , Prodius Denis , Turta Constantin
Published: May 2021

Reaction in methanol solution of the trinuclear ‘basic’ chromium(III) acetate with Pr(NO3)3⋅5H2O and further extraction by chloroform-acetone mixture led to the formation of novel unusual [Cr3O(CH3COO)6(H2O)3]NO3⋅HNO3⋅H2O (1) cluster with one “free” molecule of nitric acid. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with, at room temperature, a = 13.624(2), b = 15.032(2), c = 15.180(2) Å, β = 112.98(3) °, Z = 4, and V = 2862.09 Å3. The obtained crystalline compound has been synthesized and characterized by IR and UV/Vis methods.
The Forecast and the Strategy of Chemistry Development
Authors: Duca Gheorghe , Gulea Aurelian
Published: May 2021

A lasting economy of the state requires continuous progress in technology based on novel scientific achievements. Science and innovation are the basic factors ensuring competitiveness of our industry and agriculture and provide for about 50-85% of economic growth. Science is the nation’s patrimony and it determines the future of the country. The objectives of Science in Moldova are: - to get new knowledge about nature and society; - to create a wide scientific-technologic basis that would ensure: (1) innovation activity in the country; (2) technology progress; (3) world competitiveness of our production.
New Room Temperature Liquids: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Macaev Fliur , Munteanu Viorica , Stingaci Eugenia , Barba Alic , Pogrebnoi Serghei
Published: May 2021

New functionalized imidazolium salts that can be classified as ionic liquids were synthesized.
Composition of Mineral Phases of the Ghidirim Diatomite
Authors: Rusu Vasile , Vrînceanu Aliona , Polevoi Igor
Published: May 2021

Studies of the mineralogical composition of diatomite from the Ghidirim location of RM, as well as of the extracted clay phase are presented. The mineral phase of the diatomite contains a number of clay minerals, like montmorillonite (in a mixture with insignificant quantities of slightly chloritized montmorillonite), illite and kaolinite. Diatomite contains also non-clay components as fine-dispersed quartz and amorphous material, the more probable sources of which are opal, amorphous alumosilicates, aluminum and iron hydroxides. The applied procedure for separation of clay fractions by sizing settling in liquid media proves to be very useful, enabling possibilities for more accurate identification of the clay constituents of diatomic material. Procedure allows to separate very clean clay fraction especially rich in montmorillonite, which can be utilized itself as mineral adsorbent for practical purposes.
Establishment of the Antioxidant/Antiradical Activity of the Inhibitors Using the DPPH–Radical
Authors: Gonta Maria , Duca Gheorghe , Porubin Diana
Published: May 2021

This research paper presents the results of the investigation of antioxidant activities of various inhibitors, which are constituents of winery products: quercitin, rezveratrol, dihydroxyfumaric acid. Also, the antioxidant activity of tartaric and dihydroxyfumaric (DFH4) acids derivatives has been determined: sodium dihydroxyfumarate, dimethylic ester of DFH4 and dimethylic ester of tartaric acid. The enotannin extracts obtained from grape seeds have been evaluated: the non-oxidized enotannin extract Eneox and the oxidized one -Enoxil.
Steroidal Saponins from the Seeds of Hyoscyamus Niger L.
Authors: Lunga Irina , Kintia Pavel , Shvets Stepan , Bassarello Carla , Piacente Sonia , Pizza Cosimo
Published: May 2021

Ten steroidal saponins have been isolated form the seeds of Hyoscyamus niger L. for the first time and their structures have been elucidated. Seven saponins belong to spirostane series, two are furostane-type and one is pregnane glycoside. Hyoscyamosides B, C and C2 are new steroidal saponins, which have never been reported before in literature. Complete assignments of the 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts for all these glycosides were achieved by means of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques, including 1H–1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC and ROESY spectra.
Variation in Activation Energy and Nanoscale Characteristic Length at the Glass Transition
Authors: Dranca Ion
Published: May 2021

Differential scanning calorimetry has been used to study the α-relaxation (glass transition) in virgin polystyrene (PS), PS-clay nanocomposite, amorphous indomethacin (IM), maltitol (Mt) and glucose (Gl). Variation of the effective activation energy (E) throughout the glass transition has been determined by applying an advanced isoconversional method to DSC data on the glass transition. The relaxations have been characterized by determining the effective activation energies (E) and evaluating the sizes of cooperatively rearranging regions at the glass transition (Vg). The values of Vg have been determined from the heat capacity data. The α-relaxation demonstrates markedly larger values of E (~340 vs ~270 kJ mol-1) for the PS-clay system than for virgin PS. For IM in the glass transition region, the effective activation energy of relaxation decreases with increasing temperature from 320 to 160 kJ mol-1. In the Tg region E decreases (from~250 to ~150 kJ mol-1 in maltitol and from~220 to ~170 kJ mol-1 in glucose) with increasing T as typically found for the α-relaxation. It has been found that in the sub-Tg region E decreases with decreasing T reaching the values ~60 (glucose) and ~70 (maltitol) kJ -1 that are comparable to the literature values of the activation energies for the β-relaxation. Heat capacity measurements have allowed for the evaluation of the cooperatively rearranging region in terms of the linear size The PS-clay system has also been found to have a significantly larger value of Vg, 36.7 nm3 as compared to 20.9 nm3 for PS. Heat capacity measurements of IM have allowed for the evaluation of the cooperatively rearranging region (CRR) in term of linear size (3.4 nm) and the number of molecules (90). The size of CRR have been determined as 3.1 (maltitol) and 3.3 (glucose) nm.
Carboxylate Substitution Pattern as Structural Directive for the Final Products: Synthesis, Structure And Properties of [Fe4Ca2O2(μ2-HCCl2COO)10(μ3-HCCl2COO)2(THF)6]
Authors: Prodius Denis , Mereacre Valeriu , Gdaniec Maria , Shova Sergiu , Simonov Yurii A. , Stanica Nicolae , Geru Ion , Caneschi Andrea , Turta Constantin
Published: May 2021

A novel hexanuclear iron-calcium-oxo complex has been synthesized and characterized by different physico-chemical methods and X-ray single crystal structural analysis: [Fe4Ca2O2(μ2-HCCl2COO)10(μ3-HCCl2COO)2(THF)6].The molecular structure shows that there are two types of coordination for COO- anions: bidentate and tridentate. The corresponding variable temperature susceptibility measurement shows that in the complex there exists an antiferromagnetic interaction (|J12| = |J34| = -71.86 cm-1). The iron(III) high spin state (5/2) is proved by Mössbauer spectroscopy. High magnetic EPR measurements of 1 indicates the presence of S=0 ground state with low-lying S=1 excited state centred around g = 2.0054 ±0.0001.
Bitemplate Synthesis of Mesoporous Silicas with Thiourea Groups
Authors: Gona O. I. , Stolyarchuk N. V. , Zub Yu. L. , Yaroshenko N. A.
Published: May 2021

Mesoporous silicas with the thiourea functional group ≡Si(CH2)3NHC(S)NHC2H5 have been synthesized by monotemplate and bitemplate route (bitemplate is cetylpyridinium chloride as micelle-forming surfactant and monoethanolamide of saturated n-aliphatic acid as non-micelle-forming surfactant). The infl uence of a number of factors on mesoporous silicas structure has been studied: alkoxysilanes and surfactants concentration, and as well as the nature of medium in hydrothermal treatment of mesophases. The optimum conditions under which functionalized mesoporous silicas have possessing highly ordered hexagonal structure have been found. The surface area of mesoporous silicas synthesized using optimum bitemplate solubilization composition reaches 1055-1350 m2/g and sorption volume and pore diameter are 0.75-0.95 cm3/g and 2.5-2.9 nm respectively.
Solution of Problem of Supplying the Population with Quality Drinking Water
Authors: Goncharuk Vladyslav
Published: May 2021

The reasons of poor quality of the drinking water, submitted to consumers have been analyzed. The new concept of supplying the population with high quality drinking water is offered. Qualitative and safe for health drinking water is produced on site of its consumption (using the installations for well-room type). The ways for solving of legislative, organization and technical problems required for realization of the proposed concept are considered.
Sorption of Cu2+ Ions onto Diatomite Constituents
Authors: Rusu Vasile , Vrinceanu Aliona
Published: May 2021

Studies of the sorption capacity towards Cu2+ ions of diatomite from the Ghidirim location of RM, as well as of the extracted clay phase are presented. Separated clay fraction from diatomic material is clean enough, and especially is rich in montmorillonite. Maximum sorption capacity for studied clay fraction is achieved by rising the temperature of calcination treatment up to 200oC. At higher temperatures the lattice of montmorillonite is contracted and its sorption capacity towards Cu2+ ions decreases strongly.
Quantum Chemistry in Moldova – 50 Years
Authors: Bersuker B.
Published: May 2021

An overview of the main achievements of the Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry of the Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova during the 50 year of its existence is briefly outlined. The main fundamental non-transient result obtained in this laboratory is the generalization of the Jahn-Teller effect theory formulated and proved as a general law of instability of polyatomic systems and its application to a variety of physical, chemical, and biological problems, including al-range spectroscopy, geometry and spectra of molecular systems, structural phase transitions, ferroelectricity, stereochemistry and crystal chemistry, chemical activation and reactivity, electron transfer in mixed-valence compounds, and electron-conformational transitions in biological systems.
On Some Peculiarities of Ethyl 5-Hydroxy-1,2-Dimethyl-1H-3-Indolecarboxylate Synthesis
Authors: Shepel Felix , Shepel Diana , Macaev Fliur
Published: May 2021

It has been conducted increase the yield up to 63% of ethyl 5-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-1H-3-indolecarboxylate via interaction of p-benzoquinone with N-methyl-b-aminocrotone ether in mixture of glacial acetic acid/ethyl acetate.
Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Composite Materials for Application in Chemical Sensors
Authors: Bendrea Anca-Dana , Catargiu Ana-Maria , Grigoras Mircea
Published: May 2021

Mesoporous SBA-15/conducting polymers composites, type SBA- polithiophene, SBA-polyaniline, respectively were synthesized and their physical properties were investigated. Polymers molecules were synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization inside the pores of the mesoporous material by a post-synthesis process. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis and infrared spectroscopy.
The Solid-State Inclusion Complex between the Mono-Anion of Calix[4]Arene and Protonated Diamino-Bicycloundecane
Authors: Shkurenko Oleksandr , Suwinska Kinga , Perret Florent , Sigaud Katia , Leydier Antoine , Jebors Said , Coleman Anthony W.
Published: May 2021

Diamino-bicycloundecane mono-deprotonates H-calix[4]arene and the solid-structure of the resulting salt has been determined by X-ray crystallography. Two different complexes are present in the structure with the Diamino-bicycloundecane cation held in the calix[4]arene cavity by CH-p interactions. In the packing there is a hydrogen-bonded polymeric chain. Both the complexes formed layered structures with differing inter-layer distances.
Comparison of Sensitivity of Analytical Methods for Samples Injection in the Detection of Compounds with Flavouring Potential of Wines
Authors: Sturza Rodica , Sîrghi Constantin , Vrîncean Mariana , Böhme Susanne
Published: May 2021

The study has been focused on the comparative analysis of various analytical techniques for the injection of samples applied to detect the additives with flavouring potential that are used to obtain illicitly the "Muscat" and "Isabela" wines, by implementing the GC/MS method with injection of liquid samples directly into the capillary column, using the "Head-space" method and the solid phase microextraction (SPME).
Optically Active Chrysanthemic Acid and its Analogues
Authors: Bets L. , Ribkovskaia Z. , Vlad L. , Pogrebnoi S. , Galin F. , Macaev F.
Published: May 2021

Optically active chrysanthemic acid and its analogues have received considerable attention in recent years due to their practical importance. This review will focus on describing the developments in the synthesis of optically active chrysanthemic acid and its analogues. The transformation that will be covered includes the chemistry of enantiomerically pure 2,2-dimethyl 1,3-disubstituted cyclopropanes derived from monoterpene (+)-3-carene.
Study of Springs Water Quality as Sources of Potable Water and for Irrigation in Rezina District
Authors: Sandu M. , Mosanu E. , Gladchi V. , Tarită A. , Duca Gh. , Spataru P. , Lupascu T. , Sergentu E. , Lozan R. , Jabin V. , Turcan S.
Published: May 2021

As sources of water supply in the Republic of Moldova underground waters constitute 15,2% (bore holes, springs and wells). The present work includes water quality investigations and aims to reveal local sources in river Nistru hydrographic basin (Rezina district) for drinking water provision in villages. Chemical composition of investigated spring’s water shows that in Rezina district 19% of springs are polluted with nitrogen compounds. Water of only 9% of springs is in conformity with the standard for drinking water. Water from 102 springs meets the requirements of irrigation that doesn’t present the risk of soil salinization (K > 18) – 1 383 L/min.
The Effect of Sulphuric Acid Concentration on Solvent Extraction of ReO4 - by the Long-Chain Aliphatic Tertiary Amines and Alcohols
Authors: Kasikov Aleksander G. , Petrova Anna M.
Published: May 2021

The effect of sulphuric acid concentration on solvent extraction of ReO4- by the long-chain aliphatic tertiary amines and alcohols in a wide range of H2SO4 concentrations in initial solutions is discussed. It has been established that the influence of the sulphuric acid concentration on rhenium solvent extraction is largely due to the extraction process mechanism. In the case of the anion-exchange mechanism, ReO4- is best extracted from weakly acidic solutions, whereas when the hydrate-solvate mechanism takes place – from solutions containing 4-7 mole/l H2SO4.
New Catalytic System for Preparation of Methyl 2-(3-Hydroxy-2-Oxo-2,3-Dihydro-1H-3- Indolyl)Acrylates
Authors: Sargorovschi V. , Sucman N. , Iudin T. , Stingaci E. , Macaev F.
Published: May 2021

A novel catalyst derived from the nitrile functionalized ionic liquids and DMAP promoted the MoritaBaylis-Hillman reaction of N-substituted isatines and the methyl acrylate with moderate up to high yields.
The Study of the Buffering Capacity of Several Water Objects in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Lis Angela , Duca Gheorghe , Bunduchi Elena , Gladchi Viorica , Goreaceva Nelli
Published: May 2021

The Republic of Moldova is situated among countries with relatively poor water resources, therefore their protection and rational use remains a national problem. Due to its geographic position, the Republic of Moldova is subjected to transboundary pollution. The current work represents the estimation of the buffering capacity on the Dniester River waters and its tributaries between November 2008 and October 2009. Decrease of the buffering capacity in water basins leads to disruption of the normal activity of aquatic biota, by increasing the toxicity in their living environment. On the basis of the results of measurements, suggestions for the improvement of the situation will be made and for enhancing public awareness and public authorities involvement.
The Pollution Spectrum of Old Pesticides Storages in Moldova
Authors: Duca Gh. , Bogdevich O. , Cadocinicov O. , Porubin D.
Published: May 2021

The old pesticide storages in Moldova showed a large quantity of polluted sites. The inventory of POPs polluted sites showed a huge number of extra high polluted sites (more 50,0 mg/kg) which need the first place a remediation or other action to eliminate direct contact with people and animals. The pollution spectrum of POPs is a complex and consists of five groups: DDTs isomers, HCHs isomers, Toxaphene mixture, Chlordane and Heptachlor. The principal groups among these substances are DDTs and HCHs isomers.
Steroidal Glycosides from Veronica Chamaedrys L. Plants. the Structures of Chamaedrosides A, B, C and E
Authors: Marchenko Alexandra , Kintia Pavel , Wyrzykiewicz Bożena
Published: May 2021

The paper reports on the structural elucidation of the four steroidal glycosides, where two are new, isolated from Veronica chamaedrys L. plants for the first time on the basis of extensive spectral analysis, including 2D NMR spectral data and chemical evidences.
Observations on the Antioxidant Activity of Novel Dihydroxyfumaric Acid Derivatives
Authors: Secara N. , Duca Gh. , Vlad L. , Macaev F.
Published: May 2021

The paper describes the syntheses of new derivatives of dihydroxyfumaric acid and investigations of their antioxidant activities using the DPPH method.
Synthesis and Characterization of [(5-Mercapto-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-YL)Aryl]-3,5-Diaryl-4,5-Dihydro-1H-Pyrazole-1-Carbothioamides
Authors: Sîrbu Dumitru , Marin Ion
Published: May 2021

This article reports on the high yield synthesis and novel chalcones with isothiocyanate and imidazol groups. The synthesis was started from N,N-diphenilamine and finished with 4-(N,N-diphenylamino)-4’-(2-thioxo-imidazolidin-4-one)-chalcone, where the cheap and accessible reagents were used.
Voltammetric Characterization of the Behavior of Biologically Active Compound Enoxil in Various Media
Authors: Nemţoi Gheorghe , Lupaşcu Tudor , Ciomaga Alexandra , Cecal Alexandru
Published: May 2021

This paper presents the results of scientific research related to the electrochemical behavior of the complex preparation Enoxil. It was established that the oxidation-reduction process of Enoxil is quasireversible. The reactivity of Enoxil obtained from alcohol soluble enotannins is more pronounced, compared to that obtained from standard enotannins. The dependence of cathodic current intensity on Enoxil concentration is linear. This can be used to establish Enoxil concentration in solution. Cyclic voltamograms were used to establish reduction and oxidation potential and the formal redox potential on platinum electrode in sodium perchlorate aqueous environment. These features can be used for identification and determination of Enoxil in pharmaceuticals.
To the Equilibrium Model Choice in Heterogeneous Aqueous Systems. 1. Theoretical Basis in the Case of Two Coexisting Solid Phases
Authors: Povar I. , Timbaliuc Nina , Cazac Tatiana , Shepel Diana , Spinu Oxana , Chiriac Ludmila
Published: May 2021

An approach has been developed to determine the equilibrium model in heterogeneous aqueous systems containing a mixture of solid phases from the initial composition of the heterogeneous mixture and the equilibrium values of the pH. This approach allows to significantly reduce the quantity of measured data, properly for solubility measurements. By using the new deduced equations it is possible to determine the solubility products of precipitates on the basis of the known composition of initial mixtures and pH values of saturated solutions avoiding some difficult experimental solubility measurements. The derived relations are useful for solving both direct and indirect equilibrium problems.
The Influence of Thiosemicarbazone 2,3-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde on Catalytic Currents in the System Molybdenum (VI) – Potassium Chlorate in Acid Sulfate Solutions
Authors: Chiriac Ludmila , Cazac Tatiana , Povar I. , Revenco M.
Published: May 2021

The polarographic catalytic current in acid solutions of Mo(VI), thiosemicarbazone 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (TSC 2,3-DHBA) and chlorate ions has been investigated. The scheme of reactions, taking place in the solutions and on the electrode, has been proposed. The increase of the catalytic current is explained by the formation of an active intermediate complex [Mo(V)×TSC 2,3-DHBA (ClO-3)]. The rate constant of this complex formation K = 2.56 × 106 mol-1×dm3×s-1, the activation energy Ea = 15.9 kcal×mol-1 and the reaction activation entropy ∆Sa¹ = -23.5 e.u. have been calculated.
Synthesis of C6 and C7 Functionalized Drimanes from Larixol and Sclareol
Authors: Ciocarlan A. , Vlad P. F. , Coltsa M. , Edu C. , Biriiac A. , Nicolescu A. , Deleanu C.
Published: May 2021

The current communication represents an extended abstract of the presentation delivered on the joint Moldo-Italian seminar “New frontiers in natural product chemistry”, held in the Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Moldova on 30 September. An overview of the synthetic methods oriented to the synthesis of C6 and C7 functionalized euryfurans is provided.
Exploring the Chemistry of Marine Opisthobranchs: Recent Results
Authors: Gavagnin Margherita
Published: May 2021

The current communication is an extended abstract of the presentation delivered on the joint Moldo-Italian seminar “New frontiers in natural product chemistry”, held in the Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Moldova on 30th September. An overview of the recent studies conducted by our group on opisthobranch molluscs from distinct geographical areas is briefly presented.
Target-Oriented Synthesis of Some Terpenoids of Marine Origin
Authors: Ungur Nicon
Published: May 2021

The paper presents an outline of the synthesis of some natural terpenoids of marine origine having diverse carbocyclic skeletons: labdanic, isocopalic, scalaranic, cheilanthanic, drimanic, sacculatanic. Schemes – 6, figures - 2. Bibliographic references – 35.
Assessment of Microelements Soil Pollution with Ecological Indicators
Authors: Leah Tamara
Published: May 2021

Trace elements soil pollution leads to degradation of structure and aggregates stability which promotes the soil erosion and compaction. For more efficient management of the results on the content of trace elements in eroded soils is used the ecological indicators for characterization the accumulation in genetic horizons. The data confirms the soil pollution by erosion, the losses of humus, carbonates, and trace elements in arable carbonatic chernozems of catena. The humus losses in eroded soils consists 52%, the trace elements - 33-35%.
Study of Destruction Processes of Synthetic Surface-Active Substences (Surffactants) in Barrier Discharge
Authors: Grinevich V.I. , Gushchin A.A. , Izvekova T.V. , Shulyk V.Y.
Published: May 2021

Kinetic data of degradation on aqueous solutions of surfactants in the plasma of barrier discharge are presented. The possible mechanism of proceeding processes is offered and considered. It is shown that the treatment in a barrier discharge results in decomposition efficiency of 95%. It is established that the main product of degradation are carboxylic acids.
Polluted Irrigation Waters as a Risk Factor to Public Health
Authors: Saghatelyan A. , Sahakyan L. , Belyaeva O.
Published: May 2021

Complex investigations of agro-ecosystems adjacent to a huge mining set of plants located within the city of Kapan were performed with a goal to identify risk factors to the health of local populace. A basic factor of pollution of agro-ecosystems is heavy metal enriched ore waters from adits and industrial water streams freely emptying into the irrigation network. Farm crops growing under conditions of pollution accumulate a series of heavy metals and microelements.
Biomimetic Strategies in Organic Synthesis. Terpenes
Authors: Kulcitki V.
Published: May 2021

The current paper represents an outline of the selected contributions to the biomimetic procedures and approaches for the synthesis of terpenes with complex structure and diverse functionalisation pattern. These include homologation strategies, cyclisations, rearrangements, as well as biomimetic remote functionalisations.
Cyclodextrins - Fields of Application. Part II
Authors: Duca Gh. , Ivancic A. , Boldescu V.
Published: May 2021

This paper represents an analysis of potential and current applications of cyclodextrins as biologically active substances in medicine. The main applications described here include use of cyclodextrins as agents that form inclusion complexes with endogenous substances (membrane lipids, cellular cholesterol), agents that form inclusion complexes with exogenous substances with their man role as guest molecules (sugammadex, FBCx), agents that block endogenous and exogenous macromolecules (ion channels, anthrax toxin, α-hemolysin), and agents which activity is based on the chemical nature of them and of their derivatives (cyclodextrin polysulphate derivatives). The fi rst classifi cation for medically important biological activity of cyclodextrins has been proposed.
Arte, cultura, educação, COVID-19 & o pensamento descolonial crítico biogeográfico fronteiriço
Authors: Bessa-Oliveira Marcos Antônio
Published: May 2021

A proposta deste ensaio recai em discutir criticamente, por meio do pensamento descolonial biogeográfico fronteiriço, a Arte, a Cultura, a Educação e a pandemia do COVID-19 a fim de evidenciar perspectivas outras de pedagogias e filosofias que promovam a libertação de corpos, almas e das diferenças coloniais exteriorizados pelas lógicas da razão moderna a partir do séc. XVI (cartesiana, ontológica, da fenomenologia e marxista) e/ou pós-moderna séc. XIX (capitalista) que imperam ainda como únicas formas de sobrevivência no Ocidente. A ideia é evidenciar que culturas fronteiriças também produzem arte, cultura e conhecimentos por meio de “pedagogias” e “filosofias” da diferença sendo anthropos.
A lógica na construção de perguntas de investigação na produção do conhecimento Stricto Sensu
Authors: Vilas Bôas Junior Jaildo , Sá Kátia Oliver de , Alves Moisés Henrique Zeferino
Published: May 2021

Objetivamos elaborar um balanço sobre lógica das perguntas científicas na produção do conhecimento stricto sensu. Tomamos como fontes 100 dissertações e 32 teses escritas por docentes que trabalham em cursos de Educação Física no Estado da Bahia – 1982 a 2018, abordando enquanto objeto a lógica instituída pelas perguntas científicas na referida produção. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, tendo como método o materialismo histórico e dialético. Os resultados apontam que 48% das produções têm suas perguntas de investigação construída a partir da lógica formal; 28% apresenta uma lógica dialética na elaboração das perguntas científicas; e 24% não apresentam problema de investigação.
SUSPENSION SORBENTS FOR REMOVAL OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS AND HUMATES FROM WATER
Authors: Litynska Marta , Dontsova Tetiana
Published: May 2021

This paper is devoted to the features of the synthesis and applications of suspension iron(III)-based sorbents in water treatment. The problems of toxic impurities of the drinking water, especially soluble arsenic compounds or different organic disinfection by-products, are very acute not only for Ukraine, but for many other countries too. So, it is very important to find simple and effective method to treat polluted natural waters to the required quality. The comparison of different treatment methods for removal of arsenic compounds and humates was made, as a result of which it was determined that the usage of adsorbents, especially fine particle iron-based sorbents, is very effective in natural organic matter removal and some other pollutants. Fine particle iron-based adsorbents are effective for arsenic removal due to its chemical structure. These materials removed arsenic compounds by chemisorption processes and immobilization of arsenate and arsenite ions in the insoluble form of ferric arsenate. Thus, the aim of the work was to develop the adsorbent for effective removal of arsenic compounds and humates from natural waters. We synthesized 7 suspension iron(III)-based sorbents by homogeneous precipitation from FeCl3 solution by thermal hydrolysis of urea. The efficiency of synthesized samples was checked by adsorption tests (humates and arsenite removal) and capillary suction time test. Iron(III) oxyhydroxide was the main phase of the most effective fine particle adsorbents. Applications on natural water showed that the synthesized iron(III) oxyhydroxide effectively removed arsenic compounds not only from model waters, but also from natural water with reaching of regulatory requirements.
Taxonomies in Education: Overview, Comparison, and Future Directions
Authors: Irvine Jeff
Published: May 2021

This paper compares and contrasts some of the most popular taxonomies used in education, including: original Bloom’s taxonomy, revised Bloom’s taxonomy, Webb’s depth of knowledge, SOLO taxonomy, Fink’s taxonomy of significant learning, Shulman’s table of learning, and Marzano’s taxonomy. After a brief outline of each taxonomy, the paper discusses the literature corresponding to their use in education and the taxonomies are compared with regard to their treatment of knowledge, cognition, metacognition, higher-order thinking skills, affect, and explicit or implied theories of learning underlying each taxonomy. This is followed by a discussion of future directions for taxonomies in education. To date, while a few binary comparisons of taxonomies have been published, there has been no broad comparison of what may be regarded as the major taxonomies in use in education today. This paper represents the first broad examination of taxonomies that have had significant impacts on higher education.
The history of forming libraries of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the Siberian-Far East region and trends of their development in the 2000s
Authors: Artemyeva E. B. , Podkorytova N. I.
Published: May 2021

In the context of the active development of information and communication technologies and a changing society in the XXI century, it becomes relevant to comprehend the experience accumulated by the scientific libraries of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which have experienced serious organizational and structural transformations that affect the formation of their ideological and resource base, the construction of adequate models for the organization, preservation, use and promotion of their resources.  The article objective is to present the history of forming scientific institution libraries in Siberia and the Far East, emerging and developing the library system of a department of the USSR Academy of Sciences – the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences – Russian Academy of Sciences (SB USSR AS and SB RAS) in 1920–2020 to determine further trends in their activities. To carry out the work, the author used such techniques as statistic, system and factor analysis, modeling, forecasting. The main tasks of the library system of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (as well as other libraries of RAS) were to provide information for scientists and specialists of research institutions and preserve the historical, cultural and scientific heritage of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Disintegration of the network connections, the model destruction of centralizing the library community of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which has occurred recent years, required the development of new models of interaction between libraries and adjustments of their functions in the scientific and information space of the region. The authors represents reasoning about the trends in the further development of the libraries of RAS, SB RAS and SPSTL SB RAS as the central library of the system.
Design Optimization of Centrifugal Microfluidic "Lab-on-a-Disc" Systems towards Fluidic Larger-Scale Integration
Authors: Ducrée Jens
Published: May 2021

Enhancing the degree of functional multiplexing while assuring operational reliability and manufacturability at competitive costs are crucial components to enable comprehensive sample-to-answer automation, e.g., for use in common, decentralized “Point-of-Care” or “Point-of-Use” scenarios. This paper demonstrates a model-based ‘digital twin’ approach which efficiently supports the algorithmic design optimization of exemplary centrifugo-pneumatic (CP) dissolvable-film (DF) siphon valves towards larger-scale integration (LSI) of well-established “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) systems. Obviously, the spatial footprint of the valves and their upstream laboratory unit operations (LUOs) have to fit, at a given radial position prescribed by its occurrence in the assay protocol, into the locally available disc space. At the same time, the retention rate of rotationally actuated valve and, most challenging, its band width related to unavoidable experimental tolerances need to slot into a defined interval of the practically allowed frequency envelope. A set of design rules, metrics, and methods and instructive showcases for computationally assisted optimization of valve structures are presented.
Review of PP2A Tumor Biology and Anti-Tumor Effects of PP2A Inhibitor LB100 in the Nervous System
Authors: Bryant Jean-Paul , Levy Adam , Heiss John , Banasavadi-Siddegowda Yeshavanth Kumar
Published: May 2021

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine phosphatase implicated in a wide variety of regulatory cellular functions. PP2A is abundant in the mammalian nervous system and dysregulation of its cellular functions are associated with myriad neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, PP2A has oncologic implications, recently garnering attention and emerging as a therapeutic target because of the antitumor effects of a potent PP2A inhibitor, LB100. LB100 abrogation of PP2A is believed to exert its inhibitory effects on tumor progression through cellular chemo- and radio-sensitization to adjuvant agents. An updated and unifying review of PP2A biology and inhibition with LB100 as a therapeutic strategy for targeting cancers of the nervous system is needed, as other reviews have mainly covered broader applications of LB100. In this review, we discuss the role of PP2A in normal cells and tumor cells of the nervous system. Further, we summarize current evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of LB100 for treating solid tumors of the nervous system.
A New Application in Biology Education: Development and Implementation of Arduino-Supported STEM Activities
Authors: Görgülü Arı Aslı , Meço Gülsüm
Published: May 2021

A new teaching method under the name of STEM, integrating the disciplines of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, is now taught by teachers in their classes. Considering that the generation that grows up in the 21st-century has grown up with technology, it is thought that integrating technology into lessons helps students learn the subject. The study aims to develop five STEM activities for the human body systems lesson by integrating the coding-based Arduino into STEM education. The activities were implemented to 6th-grade students for seven weeks and the effects on students' skills of establishing a cause-effect relationship. The study method was pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental design, and the cause-effect relationship scale was used as a data collection tool. As a result of the study, a significant difference was found between the Arduino-supported STEM activities developed and the students' skills of establishing a cause-effect relationship.
Effect of Fire Temperature and Exposure Time on High-strength Steel Bolts Microstructure and Residual Mechanical Properties
Authors: Król Paweł Artur , Wachowski Marcin
Published: May 2021

The article presents results of research consisting in an attempt to assess the influence of temperature, heating time and cooling method on microstructure and residual strength properties of steel previously tempered during the production process. Simulated environmental conditions to which high-strength bolts, commonly used in steel construction, were subjected, were intended to reflect conditions of a natural fire that may occur in public facilities where the obligation to ensure safety of users and rescue teams is of key importance, also required by law. Furthermore, the tests carried out also comprised a simulated effect of a rescue and firefighting operation using shock, rapid cooling of some of the heated bolts. Samples cut out from the tested bolts, after they were properly prepared, were subjected to microstructural tests using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), phase analysis with the use of an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and quantitative analysis of the microstructure involving, inter alia, measuring the surface area of grains, their equivalent diameter and mean diameter. As a result of the tests, considerable microstructure changes were identified occurring in the bolt material as a result of exposing it to fire conditions, leading to a change in key, from the point of view of structural safety, mechanical properties. The results of the microstructure tests were compared with the results of previous strength tests, including hardness of the material after the heat treatment and the residual tensile strength of the material Rm. A conducted comparative analysis showed a significant effect of all such factors as the temperature level of the simulated fire, its duration and the fire-fighting method on the mechanical properties of bolts. Results obtained were provided with required comments and the concept of using the microstructure for the post-fire assessment of steel structures was referred to.
Effects of Amino Acid Side Chain Length and Chemical Structure on Anionic Polyglutamic and Polyaspartic Acid Cellulose-Based Polyelectrolyte Brushes
Authors: Tolmachev Dmitry , Mamistvalov George , Lukasheva Natalia , Larin Sergey , Karttunen Mikko
Published: May 2021

We used atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study polyelectrolyte brushes based on anionic α-L-glutamic acid and α-L-aspartic acid grafted on cellulose in the presence of divalent CaCl2 salt at different concentrations. The motivation is the search of the ways to control properties such as sorption capacity and the structural response of the brush to multivalent salts. For this detailed understanding of the role of side chain length, chemical structure and their interplay is required. It was found that in the case of glutamic acid oligomers, the longer side chains facilitate attractive interactions with the cellulose surface, which forces the grafted chains to lie down on the surface. The additional methylene group in the side chain enables side chain rotation enhancing this effect. On the other hand, the shorter and more restricted side chains of aspartic acid oligomers prevent attractive interactions to a large degree and push the grafted chains away from the surface. The difference in side chain length also leads to differences in other properties of the brush in divalent salt solutions. At a low grafting density, the longer side chains of glutamic acid allow the adsorbed cations to be spatially distributed inside the brush resulting in a charge inversion. With an increase in grafting density, the difference in the total charge of the aspartic and glutamine brushes disappears, but new structural features appear. The longer sides allow for ion bridging between the grafted chains and the cellulose surface without a significant change in main chain conformation. This leads to the brush structure being less sensitive to changes in salt concentration.
The Protein Kinase Receptor Modulates the Innate Immune Response against Tacaribe Virus
Authors: Moreno Hector , Kunz Stefan
Published: May 2021

The New World (NW) mammarenavirus group includes several zoonotic highly pathogenic viruses, such as Junin (JUNV) or Machupo (MACV). Contrary to Old World mammarenavirus, these viruses are not able to completely suppress the innate immune response, and trigger a robust interferon (IFN)-I response via retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). Nevertheless, pathogenic NW mammarenaviruses trigger a weaker IFN response than their non-pathogenic relatives do. RIG-I activation leads to upregulation of a plethora of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), which exert a characteristic antiviral effect either as lone effectors, or resulting from the combination with other ISGs or cellular factors. The dsRNA sensor-protein kinase receptor (PKR) is an ISG that plays a pivotal role in the control of the mammarenavirus infection. In addition to its well-known protein synthesis inhibition, PKR further modulates the overall IFN-I response against different viruses, including mammarenaviruses. For this study, we employed Tacaribe virus (TCRV), the closest relative of the human pathogenic JUNV. Our findings indicate that PKR does not only increase IFN-I expression against TCRV infection, but also affects the kinetic expression and the extent of induction of Mx1 and ISG15 at both levels, mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, TCRV fails to prevent the effect of PKR on viral protein translation and its viral titer is inhibited when PKR is pre-stimulated via IFN-I. Here, we provide first evidence of the specific immunomodulatory role of PKR over selected ISGs, altering the dynamic of the innate immune response course against TCRV. IMPORTANCE: The mechanisms for innate immune evasion are key for emergence and adaptation of human pathogenic arenaviruses, and highly pathogenic mammarenaviruses such as JUNV or MACV trigger a weaker IFN response than non-pathogenic mammarenaviruses. Within the innate immune response context, PKR plays an important role in sensing and restricting the infection of TCRV virus. Although the mechanism of PKR for protein synthesis inhibition is well described, its immunomodulatory role is less understood. In this study, we found that TCRV protein expression and viral propagation are inhibited from early times after infection, and when externally activated, PKR inhibits TCRV viral progeny production. Our present findings further characterize the innate immune response in absence of PKR, unveiling the role of PKR in defining the ISG profile after viral infection.
Transfer Learning Approach for Analyzing Attentiveness of Students in an Online Classroom Environment with Emotion Detection
Authors: K V Karan , Bahel Vedant
Published: May 2021

There is a crucial need for advancement in the online educational system due to the unexpected, forced migration of classroom activities to a fully remote format, due to the coronavirus pandemic. Not only this, but online education is the future, and its infrastructure needs to be improved for an effective teaching-learning process. One of the major concerns with the current video call-based online classroom system is student engagement analysis. Teachers are often concerned about whether the students can perceive the teachings in a novel format. Such analysis was involuntarily done in the offline mode, however, is difficult in an online environment. This research presents an autonomous system for analyzing the students' engagement in the class by detecting the emotions exhibited by the students. This is done by capturing the video feed of the students and passing the detected faces to an emotion detection mode. The emotion detection model in the proposed architecture was designed by finetuning VGG16 pre-trained image classifier model. Lastly, the average student engagement index is calculated. We received considerable performance setting reliability of the use of the proposed system in real-time giving a future scope to this research.