bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF INFOGRAPHICS ON ENHANCING LANGUAGE LEARNING OUTCOMES AND MOTIVATION IN A JAPANESE EFL CONTEXT
Authors: Wu Mengjiao , Kuwajima Kaoru
Published: November 2022

The existent research details pedagogical benefits of infographics in enhancing communication, comprehension, learning, and motivation, while more research on the potential educational benefits of using infographics is needed regarding their application in second language acquisition. The aim of this study was specifically to investigate the effects of using infographics as a supplemental teaching tool in EFL classes with a focus on learning outcomes and English learning motivation. The study was conducted in two lower-intermediate English classes at a Japanese university. An infographic of the grammar points of simple past/past continuous was designed and applied as a supplement to the textbook-related content. One class was taught in a textbook-infographic order and the other vice versa. Participants’ understanding of the target grammar points and English learning motivation were measured. The findings suggested that students were able to learn effectively using the provided infographics, but it is more effective to use infographics after the textbook teaching. Students showed higher English language learning motivation after the interventions and a high interest in using infographics in their English language course. Teaching advices on using infographics in EFL classes were discussed.
 

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LA PERSISTANCE DE L’ABSENTÉISME DANS L’ADMINISTRATION PUBLIQUE DU BURKINA FASO ET SATISFACTION DES AGENTS PUBLICS DE L’ETAT / THE PERSISTENCE OF ABSENTEEISM IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF BURKINA FASO AND SATISFACTION OF PUBLIC OFFICIALS OF THE STATE
Authors: Some Béséghari Serges Bienvenu Winceslas , Pazambadi Kazimna , Kouméabalo Gnassingbe , Paboussoum Pari
Published: November 2022

Cette recherche vise à comprendre, la persistance des comportements d’absentéisme dans l’administration publique du Burkina Faso. Dans l’ensemble les pratiques au sein de cette administration ne diffèrent pas significativement de ce qui se pratique ailleurs sur le continent. Cependant, d’un pays à l’autre il existe certainement des différences. C’est pour cerner ces particularités au niveau du Burkina Faso en matière d’absentéisme que nous avons, pour ce faire, formulé cette hypothèse générale qui vise à analyser les déterminants psycho-sociaux à l’origine de la persistance des comportements d’absentéisme des agents de l’administration publique du Burkina Faso. Notre hypothèse générale a été élaborée en se basant sur les théories de la satisfaction au travail (Maslow, 1943 ; Herzberg, 1966 ; Adelfer, 1969), de l’absentéisme (à travers le modèle de la douleur de Chadwick-Jones, Nicholson & Brown, 1982), de l’adaptation (Johns, 1997) et de la décision mise au point (Steers et Rhodes, 1978). Les résultats obtenus montrent que la satisfaction intrinsèque, n’explique pas l’absentéisme. Toutefois, l’étude révèle que lorsque la satisfaction extrinsèque d’un agent augmente son absentéisme baisse.

 

This research aims to understand the persistence of absenteeism behaviors in the public administration of Burkina Faso. On the whole, the practices within this administration do not differ significantly from what is practiced elsewhere on the continent. However, from country to country there are certainly differences. It is to identify these particularities at the level of Burkina Faso in terms of absenteeism that we have, to do this, formulate two hypotheses. These hypotheses were developed based on the theories of job satisfaction, particularly those developed by Maslow (1943), Herzberg (1966), Adelfer (1969), but also on the theories of absenteeism through the model of pain (Chadwick-Jones, Nicholson & Brown, 1982), that of adaptation (Johns, 1997) and finally the decision model developed by Steers and Rhodes (1978). The results obtained show that intrinsic satisfaction in no way explains absenteeism, which means that the relationship between intrinsic satisfaction and absenteeism has not been confirmed. However, when their extrinsic satisfaction with an agent increases, their absenteeism decreases. 

 

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PERCEIVED INCLUSIVE LEADERSHIP CHALLENGES AND WORK ENGAGEMENT IN CIVIL SERVICE: A CHALLENGE FOR 21 CENTURY LEADER IN THE PUBLIC SECTORS OF MALAYSIA
Authors: Sija Andrew
Published: November 2022

Leadership in the 21st Century demands a great leader who is inclusive in leveraging knowledge, insights and perspectives in diverse workplaces which can make organizations capture a competitive advantage from changing demographics across the workplace and in the marketplace. It needs a leader to take on the opportunity, new way and understanding of what to do and how to do things differently. To be a great leader in public service, organizations would need to invest in developing them. Despite investing significant resources in the training and development of leaders for their competencies, quality, efficiency and improving organization’s performance, many leaders often feel unprepared to be inclusive. The aim of this study, therefore, is to examine how inclusive leadership challenges foster employee work engagement. Three key leadership challenges (personal leadership, managing and motivating, building and leading a team) were successfully identified by Centre for Creative Leadership (CCL) and measured as significant toward employee work engagement in the selected public sectors in Malaysia. A quantitative study was conducted, and hypotheses were tested on a sample of 240 employees in four divisions using Pearson correlation and Multiple Regressions analysis. The result shows that inclusive leadership challenges were positively associated with work engagement, personal leadership challenges with the unstandardized coefficients Beta value of 0.316 followed by building and leading team challenge with Beta value of 0.206 were supported and stronger predictors in influencing employees’ work engagement in the public sector. This study shows that greater concerns from the employees in the public sector on the quality of the leadership in the 21st Century currently bring daily to work practice. Inclusive leadership is crucial for employee engagement, commitment and performance. This study also contributes both theoretical and empirical value to the public sector in formulating proper strategies for having great leaders to fostering inclusiveness in employees’ work engagement.
 

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HUMAN RESOURCES NEW CHALLENGES FOR CANADIAN EMPLOYERS - ANALYSIS OF THE HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM INDUSTRIES STRUGGLING THROUGH 2022
Authors: Ben Messaoud Houssem Eddine
Published: November 2022

The emergence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in December 2019 was a wake-up call for the human resources community. In some ways, COVID-19 was a real game changer, but in other ways, it was simply another flashpoint in an ongoing HR transformation. Many have lost their jobs, and employers and their human resources departments have had to adjust to the situation. Some industries succeeded in going through the pandemic while others did not. It is no wonder why many employees have reoriented their careers to other industries, especially those who used to work in tourism and hospitality. Today, these industries are facing more challenges than ever before, and the lack of employees is making the HR job more difficult and, in many cases, impossible to find employees. This paper is about the HR challenges before and after the pandemic. It is aimed at exploring how human resources management has evolved and changed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. From a historical perspective, we will first provide an overview of the history of human resources management in relation to the pandemic and then discuss the contemporary issues that have emerged following the outbreak. Then we will analyze the HR situation in Canada and how the pandemic has affected it and its backdown on hospitality and tourism.
 

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HUMAN RESOURCE ASPECTS AND PERFORMANCE OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTRE PROJECTS IN ARUA CITY, UGANDA
Authors: Bileti Emmanuel Acidri , Amviko Gloria
Published: November 2022

The study assessed the levels of human resource aspects, examined performance levels of Child Development Centre (CDC’s) Projects and ascertained the influence of human resource aspects on the performance of CDC Projects in Arua city. It was hypothesized that there was no significant influence of human resource aspects on the performance of CDC Projects in Arua city. The study employed descriptive research designs; data were obtained from 72 respondents through questionnaires, interviews and follow-up interviews. The study revealed that generally, the level of human resource aspects in CDC’s in Arua city was high as shown by a grand Mean of 3.62 (72.4%), and the level of performance of CDC Projects in Arua city was high as shown by a grand mean of 3.78 (75.6%). The study further found out that human resource aspects: staff competences (B=.485; p=.000) and motivation (B=.347; p=.000) significantly influenced the performance of CDC Projects in Arua city while health and safety (B=.002; p=.689) had statistically insignificant influence on the performance of CDC projects in Arua city. However, overall, Human resource aspects (R=.673, R2=.452; P=.000) significantly influenced the performance of CDC Projects in Arua city. The null hypothesis that there was no significant influence of human resource aspects on the performance of CDC Projects in Arua city was rejected because the P-values of 0.000 was found to be less than the level of significance of 0.05. Therefore, it was recommended that CDC Projects in Arua city improve the levels of human resource aspects such as staff competences, motivation, health and safety to further increase their performance. Additional studies are carried out on other factors contributing to 54.8% in influencing the performance of CDC Projects in Arua city.
 

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THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON GEN-Y EMPLOYEES’ WORK PERFORMANCE IN A TELCO, MALAYSIA
Authors: Sivapatham Charlotte Shahmani , Bin Abd Aziz Shahrul Azzim , Chin Ashley Tan Mui , Bin Mustapha Kamil Muhammad Aziph , Achuthan Sutha , Kanapathipillai Kumaran
Published: November 2022

Generation-Y (Gen-Y) is the largest generational cohort in the global workforce, surpassing 50 percent in 2020, making them the most influential group to impact work performance. Highly competitive telecommunication companies continuously look for ways to improve employees' work performance. This research focuses on how social media improves the work performance of Gen-Y employees of a telco in Malaysia through social media use, shared vision, network ties, trust, and knowledge transfer. This research discovered an insignificant relationship between social media use at the workplace and work performance. This is because social media is currently not an official workplace tool, and its usage is limited among Gen-Y employees in the telco. It was also uncovered that using social media to act as a tool to gain trust did not influence work performance, even though the telco's primary official communication tool is email and a mobile app for communication and collaboration purposes. Nevertheless, this research uncovered that shared vision, network ties, and knowledge transfer is significant for the telco's Gen-Y employees to enhance their work performance. In conclusion, the telco's management can leverage social media to improve the work performance of Gen-Y employees by developing a social media strategy to provide a suitable framework with proper guidelines, policies, and procedures.
 

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DETERMINANTS OF MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES' CHOICE OF MARKET-ENTRY MODE FOR OPERATING IN ETHIOPIA: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Imiru Getie Andualem
Published: November 2022

Multinational corporations must make a difficult decision because their entry strategy is influenced by a number of factors. The purpose of this research is to look into the factors that influence the entry strategies chosen by multinational corporations doing business in Ethiopia. To collect data at a specific time, this study used cross-sectional surveys and an explanatory research methodology. Data from multinational corporations were collected for this study using deliberate sampling methods. In the end, only 120 (or 80%) of the 154 surveys distributed were returned. However, only 112 surveys were used for the statistical analysis, yielding a response rate of 72 percent. To investigate the factors influencing the choice of entry mode, a multinomial legit model was used. The study discovered that, at a 5% level of significance, the size of the firm and the size of the market had a positive and substantial influence on the decision to choose export and intermediate entry over the hierarchical entrance. However, at a 10% significance level, factors such as global experience, market infrastructure, cultural distance, flexibility, and degree of control are favourably and significantly impacting the decision to choose the export and intermediate modes of entrance over the hierarchical modes. The recommendations based on the study's findings consider how the study may affect different stakeholders, such as the Ethiopian government, regional businesses, international firms, and other researchers.

 

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GENDER BASED SHOPPING AND CONSUMER PURCHASING: “SALE ENDS TODAY”
Authors: Manko Barbara A. , Jose Susheel Tom
Published: November 2022

This paper analyzes gender-based shopping and consumer purchasing patterns during Black Friday sales. Black Friday is one of the most popular shopping days around the globe, especially in the United States where Black Friday falls on the day after Thanksgiving. Its popularity has been growing since 2005. Black Friday deals are becoming popular in more than just the United States; they are also popular in Europe and Latin America. This study focuses on gender-based buying habits, how Black Friday shopping differs from other types of shopping, and what kinds of merchandise are most popular during the holiday season and as well as online and in-person shopping trends among customers. In order to support my study, this research paper is based on statistical findings from Finder.com, Financesonline.com, Adobe Analytics and the National Retail Federation.
 

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RELATIONSHIP MARKETING AND MARKET PENETRATION OF INSURANCE IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Oluwabiyi O. E. , Asikhia O. U. , Egwuonwu T. K.
Published: November 2022

The relevance and contribution of insurance in nation building cannot be overemphasized. The insurance industry remains a major constituent and force in the global economy by virtue of the volume of resources it controls as premiums are collected and consequently its investment scale. Notwithstanding, customer patronage of insurance in Africa (except South Africa) is abysmally poor. Similarly, insurance market penetration in Nigeria is dismally low in comparison with other nations in Africa and beyond. While insurance penetration remains low at 0.4%, only 1.7 % of over 190 million people have insurance in place. This has been attributed largely to consumer apathy and subsequent low market penetration of insurance services. In order to help in identifying the areas that call for improvement, this study evaluated customer relationship marketing dimensions and market penetration of insurance in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design. The population of the study consisted of 375,000 estimated consumers of insurance services in Lagos State, Nigeria. A sample size of 1,650 consumers was drawn from selected Local Government Areas of Lagos State through the non-probability sampling technique. A questionnaire titled relationship marketing and market penetration of insurance was adapted and validated. The Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient for the constructs ranged between 0.76 and 0.90. A total of 1,650 copies of the questionnaire were administered, with a response rate of 80%. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential (multiple linear regression analysis) statistics. The findings revealed that relationship marketing has significant influence on market penetration of insurance (Adj. R2 = 0.124; F (5, 1306) = 38.222, p<0.05). Significant positive relationships were also found between some of the relationship marketing constructs and market penetration of insurance. The study concluded that relationship marketing dimensions of customer awareness, customer trust, customer service quality, product innovation and customization, and customer satisfaction are significant predictors of market penetration of insurance in Lagos State, Nigeria. Thus, to influence the market penetration of insurance, the adoption of relationship marketing is highly recommended.

 

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TRADITIONAL METHODS OF CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND RESOLUTIONS: THE CASE OF THE OLD OYO EMPIRE
Authors: Ezekiel Ajayi Olalekan , Abdulraheem Issa
Published: November 2022

This study looked at traditional African conflict resolution methods, specifically in Yoruba-speaking communities in Nigeria's western region. The Old Oyo empire used traditional conflict resolution techniques such as mediation, adjudication, and reconciliation, as well as cross-examination, to offer a chance to interact with the parties involved, promote consensus building, reconstruct social bridges, and enforce order in the society, according to the paper that fully explains the resolution of disputes and justice dispensation. The study used an exploratory research approach, focusing on the history and Yoruba literature, academic journals on the internet, blogs, government publications and records, a variety of research reports, and individual research. The Western world regards these methods as superior for promoting peaceful coexistence. The traditional method of conflict management and resolution is thus recommended because it is less expensive and friendlier, and further national research into the causes of the 16-year-long inter-border war Ekiti-Parapo, popularly known as the Kiriji War, is also recommended for further finding.

 

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LEVEL OF STRESS AND COPING MECHANISMS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN THE ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Bordios Romeo, Jr. V. , Avelino Althea May S. , Calamba Ivy Joy M. , Goniabo Mae Ann T. , Santillan Angelyn P. , Villasoto Presha Lei M. , Macagba Ivy N.
Published: November 2022

This research aimed to investigate the level of stress and coping mechanisms of the College of Education (CED) students at Notre Dame of Midsayap College (NDMC) in online distance learning. This study also aimed to determine if there is a significant difference in the level of stress of the respondents when grouped according to sex and age. A descriptive research design was undertaken to assess the respondents' level of stress and coping mechanisms. The data were subjected to appropriate statistical tools utilized in the study such as frequency count, percentage distribution, weighted mean, and one-way ANOVA.  Based on the major findings of the study, it can be concluded that students experience stress during their online distance learning brought upon by the COVID-19 pandemic. Bad internet connection, financial problems, disturbances in academic life, improper learning environment, tiredness, and irritation in performing their schoolwork are the significant causes of the stress of the students in dealing with their online distance learning. It was also found that they have different coping mechanisms in dealing with stress in their online distance learning. Such coping mechanisms were praying or meditating, creating a conducive learning environment, thinking positively, and playing online games. It was determined that male respondents experienced more stress in online distance learning than female respondents. It was also noted that younger respondents experience more stress than older respondents.
 

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SELECTION OF FITNESS AND TECHNICAL EVALUATION TESTS FOR MALE FOOTBALL PLAYERS AGED 15 TO 16 YEARS OLD IN BA RIA - VUNG TAU PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Authors: Luc Nguyen Dang , Nhiem Bui Hoan , Vinh Nguyen Quang
Published: November 2022

This paper is written to select fitness and technical tests for male football players in the province of Ba Ria - Vung Tau who are between the ages of 15 and 16. The study executes three processes of document synthesis, interviews, and reliability assessment of each test by using traditional research methods in sports including reference materials, interviews, pedagogical tests, and statistical analysis. In order to evaluate the fitness and technical competence of young male football players in Ba Ria - Tau province, the research has chosen 09 tests (05 fitness tests and 04 technical tests): 15m sprint (s), 5x30m Running (s), Long jump (cm), Test Cooper (m), Doing a short throw-in without momentum (cm); Dribbling a ball to go through poles and shoot the goal (s), Juggling a ball with feet (times), Shooting a ball from a distance of 16.5 meters (times), Doing a standard pass (times).

 

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EFFECTS OF ATHLETE PERSONALITY ON VARIABLES RELATED TO TENNIS INJURIES
Authors: Güler Melek , Abdioğlu Mekki
Published: November 2022

This research aims to investigate how tennis players' personality structures affect some variables related to the injuries they experience in sports. The research population consists of tennis players between the ages of 10-18 in Turkey. A total of 158 (female: 87, male: 71) tennis players between the ages of 10-18 who had at least one tennis-specific injury participated in the study. Demographic questions (gender, age, height, weight, time of sports injury, repetition of the same injury, and injury measure) used in the study were created by the researchers. The personality of the athlete was determined by the athlete himself, and the survey questions were determined by using the survey questions used in Kirişci's (2011) study. Data from tennis players were collected online via 'Google Form'. There is a low level of statistically positive correlation between re-experiencing the sports injury and the time of the sports injury (r=0.18, p=0.03). There is a low level of statistically positive correlation between the gender of the participants and taking precautions for sports injury (r=0.20, p=0.01). There is a low negative correlation between the gender of the participants and their athlete personality (r=26, p=0.001). There is no statistically significant difference between the participants' re-experiencing the same injury, taking precautions in sports injury, and athlete's personality (r=-0.013, p=0.87, r=0.010, p=0.90). It can be said that the sports injuries experienced by tennis players are related to their personality types and their gender. It can be said that injuries seen in tennis sports are more common during matches and women take more precautions for sports injuries than male athletes. In addition, it can be said that female athletes have both courageous-attentive and emotional-calm personality types, while males have the most courageous-active personality type.
 

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PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH: THE BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE PREVENTION OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
Authors: Pavlović Ratko , Solaković Sid , Simeonov Aleksandar , Milićević Ljubo , Radulović Nikola
Published: November 2022

Public health of people and individuals is the most important resource in the modern world. The sugar epidemic and cardiovascular diseases are linked to the obesity epidemic. As obesity appears at younger and younger ages, it is to be expected that the proportion of people who have been obese for the number of years will increase and that those practicing a "sedentary lifestyle" will move less and less. Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) and cardiovascular diseases (CD) are among the top ten causes of death in the world. It is observed that the association between DMT2 and CD risk is not the same for both sexes, with the cardiovascular risk associated with DMT2 being greater in women. Among the different strategies for the prevention and treatment of DMT2 and risk factors for CD, physical exercise has been largely recommended because of its positive effects on glycemic control, body mass, blood pressure, and lipid profile. A higher level of daily physical activity significantly reduces the risk of contracting numerous diseases such as: diabetes, diseases of the heart and blood vessels, certain forms of malignant diseases, obesity, asthma, osteoporosis and others.
 

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INVESTIGATION OF PRESCHOOL TEACHERS' ATTITUDES TO PLAY
Authors: Sağ Remzi , Taşdeler Şehmus Gökhan , Bozdal Özlem
Published: November 2022

This research is a descriptive study meant to determine the attitudes of preschool teachers towards playing games which are containing physical activity. The universe of the study consists of pre-school teachers working in Gaziantep. There were 450 (male 110, female 340) teachers in the sample group. The Gameplay Scale developed by Hazar (2015) was used to obtain the research data. Independent t-test, One Way Anova and Pearson correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the research, in the study conducted to determine the attitudes of preschool teachers towards playing games containing physical activity, it was found that male preschool teachers' game passion and risk-taking attitudes were higher than female teachers', those with less professional experience had higher game passions than more experienced teachers. It has been determined that the social cohesion levels of those who have the above-mentioned experience are higher than the subgroups. While it was determined that those who did not have children had higher game passion and desire to play, a positive significant correlation was found between the scores obtained from the sub-dimensions of the scale by both male and female preschool teachers.
 

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NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND SCHIZOPHRENIA: THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE DEFICITS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA’S DIAGNOSIS, THEIR EMERGENCE AS SYMPTOMS, AND THE COGNITIVE FIELDS AFFECTED
Authors: Konstantopoulou Georgia , Ioakeimidi Maria , Tsermpini Evangelia Eirini
Published: November 2022

Schizophrenia’s (SZ) development results from various factors, including physical, genetic, psychological, and environmental contributions. Over the last decades, many neuropsychological studies have demonstrated cognitive deficits' superiority over psychopathological symptoms as determinants in the SZ diagnosis. However, efforts to accurately identify specific cognitive deficits under certain forms of functional impairment remain vague. According to the recent literature, SZ is universally recognized as a neurobiological disorder with solid neurocognitive content, usually accompanied by neurological deficits. Therefore, in the present review, we will try to identify the cognitive deficits observed in SZ patients and determine their impact on the suffering of SZ patients. Furthermore, we present an overview of the tests used to assess executive functions and elaborate on the factors that affect mental performance stability.
 

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUNCTIONAL LEVEL, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL, DEPRESSION AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN GERIATRIC INDIVIDUALS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: Okuyucu Muhammed , Kurtça Mine Pekesen
Published: November 2022

Objective: This study aims to have information about the functional levels, physical activity levels, depression levels, and quality of life of geriatric individuals in the restrictions experienced during the pandemic period and to examine the relationship between these variables. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 116 participants whose ages ranged from 65 to 87 years (overall sample: M = 72.44, SD = 5.75) were recruited via a snowball sampling strategy to answer to an online questionnaire. The four instruments used were The Functional Independence Measurement scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, The World Health Organization Quality of Life Module for the Elderly. Results: A significant regression model, F (3/110) = 23.16, p < 0.001, and 37% of the variance in the dependent variable (R2 adjusted = 0.37) explained by the independent variables. Accordingly, level of functional independence positively and significantly predicts quality of life, β = 0.44, t(110) = 5.43, p < 0.0001, pr2 = 0.21. Physical activity level positively and significantly predicts quality of life, β=0.2, t(110)=2.48, p = 0.015, pr2 = 0.05. Depression negatively and significantly predicts quality of life, β = -0.2, t(110) = -2.56, p = 0.012, pr2 = 0.06. Conclusion: Physical activity and functional independence levels significantly affect the quality of life positively, and depression affects the quality of life significantly negatively.

 

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ANALYSING THE EXERCISE OF EXECUTIVE ORDERS IN THE UNITED STATES AND BENIN: FOR A CONSIDERATION OF ITS VIRTUES AND EXCESSES / ANALYSE DE L’EXERCICE DES ORDONNANCES EXECUTIVES AUX ETATS-UNIS ET AU BENIN : POUR UNE PRISE EN COMPTE DES VERTUS ET DERIVES
Authors: Akakpo Modeste Paul
Published: November 2022

Governing by executive orders is becoming more and more common in the exercise of executive power in democratic States and is giving rise to lively debates on whether it is essentially prejudicial or protective of fundamental human rights and freedoms. Using a qualitative approach, based on a contextual and thematic analysis of executive orders issued in the United States - an old democracy - and in Benin - a young democracy, this paper shows that governing by executive orders is both a dynamics of breach of democratic norms and a logic of protection/promotion, or even strengthening of human rights. In particular, it highlights the most notable excesses of restriction or suppression of individual liberties, private property rights and organic laws, while at the same time allowing the promotion of equality, justice and fairness and the abolition of certain servile and discriminatory provisions. Moreover, it proves to be a remedy against the political instrumentalization of constitutional checks and balances, in this case, the legislative branch. Finally, the article suggests that the opportunities and challenges in executive orders should contribute to the debate on strengthening the control of the president's exceptional powers in a democratic regime.

 

La gouvernance par les ordonnances se systématise, de plus en plus, dans le cadre de l’exercice du pouvoir exécutif au sein des Etats démocratiques et suscitent de vifs débats dont celui sur la nature essentiellement attentatoire ou protectrice des libertés et droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine. Munie d’une démarche qualitative, basée sur une analyse contextuelle et thématique des ordonnances exécutives prises aux Etats-Unis – vieille démocratie – et au Bénin – jeune démocratie - cette contribution montre que la gouvernance par ordonnances exécutives relève à la fois d’une dynamique d’infraction aux normes démocratiques et d’une logique de protection/promotion, voire de renforcement des droits de la personne humaine. Notamment, elle met en évidence les dérives notoires de restriction ou de suppression de libertés individuelles, droits de propriété privée et lois organiques, en même temps qu’elle permet de promouvoir l’égalité, la justice et l’équité et d’abolir certaines dispositions serviles et discriminatoires. En outre, elle se révèle comme un remède contre l’instrumentalisation politique des contre-pouvoirs constitutionnels – en l’occurrence le pouvoir législatif. Enfin, l’article suggère que les opportunités et menaces qu’elle recèle soient mises à contribution dans le débat sur le renforcement du contrôle des pouvoirs exceptionnels du président en régime démocratique.

 

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INVESTISSEMENT A LA FORMATION PAR LES ENTREPRISES PUBLIQUES EN RDC COMME FONDS PERDU / INVESTMENT IN TRAINING BY STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN THE DRC AS NON-REPAYABLE FUNDS
Authors: Mobuli Nicolas Akpanza
Published: November 2022

La formation en entreprise pourvoit le travailleur du savoir, du savoir-faire et du savoir-être nécessaire, non seulement pour son adaptation et son épanouissement, mais également pour le succès et le développement de l’organisation. Pour récolter les données de terrain en vue de vérifier les hypothèses émises, nous avons eu recours aux techniques du questionnaire, d’entretien structuré et de la documentation qui ont permis de recueillir des données sur un échantillon occasionnel de 607 sujets. Les résultats de notre enquête ont montré que les cadres et agents de certaines entreprises publiques de Kinshasa considèrent la formation comme une simple fonction d'appui, moins prioritaire, sans budget précis bref, un fonds perdu.

 

In-company training provides the worker with the knowledge, know-how and interpersonal skills necessary, not only for his adaptation and fulfillment, but also for the success and development of the organization. To collect field data to test assumptions, we used questionnaire, structured interview and documentation techniques that collected data on an occasional sample of 607 participants. The results of our survey showed that the managers and agents of some public companies in Kinshasa consider training as a simple support function, less priority, without a precise budget in short, a wasted fund.

 

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EXPERIENCES THAT SHAPE THE DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVE INSTRUCTION IN PRESERVICE TEACHERS: AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
Authors: Specht Jacqueline , Miesera Susanne , McGhie-Richmond Donna , Haider Fizza
Published: November 2022

Preservice teacher education programs are vital in teachers’ development of instructional practices for inclusive classrooms. In previous research, preservice teachers in Canada had higher scores on measures of experience with people with disabilities when compared to those in Germany. The current study investigated the proposition that differences existed because of experiences of inclusion in the respective countries. Participants were 18 Canadian preservice teachers from faculties of education in Ontario, Canada and 29 German preservice teachers from a Bavarian university. A Group Concept Mapping (GCM) technique was employed. Both groups identified Practicum Experiences, Education Program, Past Jobs, and Personal Life Experiences as contributing to the development of their inclusive practice. Only the Canadian sample identified Mentoring Relationships and Professional Development. Differences and similarities in teacher education programs are highlighted as possible contributors to the differences in Canadian and German preservice teachers’ perceptions of experiences useful for shaping their instructional practice.
 

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TO ESTABLISH PEER SUPPORT STRATEGIES FOR DECREASING OUT-OF-SEAT BEHAVIOUR FOR LEARNERS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN SPECIAL SCHOOLS, EMBU COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Mutua Abraham Gitonga , Ogogo Joyce A.
Published: November 2022

The study sought to establish peer-support strategies used in decreasing out-of-seat behaviour for learners with Autism Spectrum Disorders in special schools, in Embu County, Kenya. The study used Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs. This theory states that the motivation of human needs is acquired at different levels. The study adopted a survey research design. The study target population were 25 headteachers, 48 teachers, 65 parents and 5 EARCS from 2 special schools and 23 special units in Embu County. Purposive sampling was employed. The sample size constituted 20% of 25 schools, 5 head teachers, 32 teachers, 10 parents, and 5 EARCs translating to 62 respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect data from the headteachers and teachers, an interview schedule was conducted on parents/guardians and an observation checklist was used to observe learners with Autism Spectrum Disorders in class. Piloting was done at St. Monica School for Intellectual Disabled to enhance the validity and reliability of the research instruments. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer presented program and findings were presented in form of frequency distribution tables, bar graphs and pie charts. Findings of the study revealed that most teachers have existing self-management techniques aimed at reducing out-of-seat behavior. The pupils were generally happy with the techniques the teachers had set together. Similarly, the teachers were happy to carry out the existing peer support techniques to reduce out-of-seat behavior. Most teachers strongly agreed that by observing what peers do, children develop self-efficiency. The study concluded that the use of peer support strategies play a significant role in behaviour change among children with ASD because the strategy enables them to come together, share experience and decide on solutions to a common challenge. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education should put in place measures to compel schools through monitoring and capacity building such as training to ensure that SNE learners’ are appropriately placed. The government should allocate extra funds to public primary special schools to help them procure materials for SNE learners to prepare the schools for the implementation of SNE curriculum. Further research should be carried out in all counties in Kenya on peer-support strategies for decreasing out-of-seat behaviour in learners with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Similarly, other areas regarding learners with Autism Spectrum Disorders should be explored.
 

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AS A LEARNING CHALLENGE FOR STUDENTS WITH MODERATE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY
Authors: Chatzoglou Alexandros
Published: November 2022

This paper shows some of the challenges that emerge while teaching Information Technologies to students with a moderate degree of intellectual disability. The authors present and summarize the possible perspectives of both teachers and students during the teaching process of this school subject.
 

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APPROACHES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF LEARNING DIFFICULTIES IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Lazaridou Genovefa
Published: November 2022

Learning disabilities are the most numerous group of special educational needs and refer to people who do not benefit from formal education and present in the majority of their difficulties in reading and decoding. In the work, you attempt to theoretically understand the information in relation to the physiology of learning difficulties, so that teachers are able to understand and subsequently intervene by improving the cognitive function of those individuals who present a strong differentiation of learning image compared to other children, which have low school performance. Early detection of learning difficulties allows for early and effective intervention. The thesis is structured in bibliographic research references and its writing was also based on my many years of teaching experience.
 

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INSECURITY AND THE PAUPERIZATION OF RESIDENTS OF OWERRI IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT
Authors: Austin-Egole I. S. , Iheriohanma E. B. J. , Iheanacho J. I. , Ezeji N. R. , Okafor H. I. , Wokoma C. U.
Published: November 2022

Poverty and insecurity are twin recurrent issues in recent times for many countries in the world, especially Third World countries in Africa to which Nigeria belongs. Security is a pillar without which no meaningful development can be achieved and sustained. Nigeria, like most other Sub-Sahara Africa countries, is deeply embroiled in and facing multifaceted security challenges. The wave of insecurity in Nigeria has assumed a dangerous dimension that is threatening both the safety of environment for lives and properties and the conduct of business and economic activities thereby causing untold hardship and poverty. The poverty level in Nigeria is such that many people now live below the poverty line and has become a source of concern and subject of growing attention for both academics and policy makers. This paper, therefore, sought to find out if insecurity has a causative effect on the pauperization of the people of Owerri and vice versa with particular reference to recent happenings in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. The survey research design, questionnaire and interviews as instruments of primary data collection and relative deprivation theory as framework were used for the study. Data were analysed with simple percentages while the chi-square was used to test the hypothesis. Secondary data from library research was utilized for analytical discussion. Research findings show that insecurity has both a cause and an effect relationship with poverty cum pauperization and the need to shun violence is recommended.
 

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THE URGENCY OF POLITICAL ETHICS OF PANCASILA FOR THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION TOWARDS GOLDEN INDONESIA 2045
Authors: Permatasari Mitra , Murdiono Mukhamad
Published: November 2022

Indonesian nation in welcoming the Golden Indonesia 2045 will achieve demography bonus which is appreciable that it is needed the existence of steady generation i.e., millennial generation. The aim of the research was to analyze the nature of political ethics in Indonesia and the essence of the millennial generation towards the Golden Indonesia 2045. This research used a qualitative approach by library research type. The technique of data collection used to support this research includes library research from various previous results research having linkages. The source data used in this research is obtained from books, scientific articles, scientific research reports, journals as well as related sources with this research. The analysis used in this research used content analysis. The results of the study show intelligent golden degeneration that can build a better life, is a generation that prioritizes the public interest, appreciate togetherness, patience, having religious values and norms, nationalism, patriotism, confidence, fairness, self-respect, superior, moral, religious, smart and have global competitiveness. Socialization of Pancasila towards the Golden Indonesia 2045 as a building character for the millennial generation is more relevant to be done by education trilogy, such as family, school and community becomes an activator of character building and mentality of the golden generation.

 

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EFFECTS OF UTILIZATION OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION RESULTS ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE
Authors: Amina Muhsin , Ngugi Lucy
Published: November 2022

Globally, any organization's goal is to be effective, and efficient, attain its objectives and exceed in performance. The need to be successful and have a more remarkable performance has created the need for regular tracking of projects to ensure the project follows the right course for optimal performance. The role of NDMA in Kenya is very crucial in attaining the Kenya vision 2030, the big four agenda, and SDG 2 on ending hunger and achieving food security. Therefore, with this background, the research sought to substantiate the impact of utilization of monitoring, and evaluation results on the performance of drought resilience projects by the National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) in Mandera County. This study adopted systems theory and a descriptive research design. The study undertook a census survey where all the 60 members of the project under NDMA were studied. Data from primary and secondary sources were utilized and the researcher employed semi-structured questionnaires to collect data. Reliability and validity of research instruments and study results were attained by pilot testing the research instruments. SPSS statistical package using descriptive statistics was employed to analyze the collected data. Inferential statistics were applied to ascertain the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The findings show that utilization of monitoring and evaluation results significantly influences project performance at r=.231 p<0.005. Additionally, the findings concur with the theoretical foundation of the study that utilization of M&E results, affects the other aspects of the project thus influencing the performance.
 

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ESTABLISHMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CARE CHARACTER BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM OF THE BAJO TRIBE IN BAJO VILLAGE, SELATAN HALMAHERA REGENCY, INDONESIA
Authors: Hajuan Muhammad Akbar , Marzuki M.
Published: November 2022

The formation of a caring character for the environment based on local wisdom by the Bajo tribal community in the South Halmahera Regency provides positive results in realizing environmental conservation. This study aims to describe the formation of environmental care characteristics based on the local wisdom of the Bajo tribal community that can be carried out well. With a population of around 2,503 people, most of the Bajo tribal people inhabit the coastline and live through marine-oriented activities. This research uses ethnographic research with a qualitative approach. Data were collected by using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The object of this research is the community and the younger generation of the Bajo tribe. Informants were selected using purposive sampling by using triangulation of sources that can describe the formation of environmental care characters based on the local wisdom of the Bajo tribe. Data analysis techniques include the stages of data collection, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the formation of environmental care characters based on the local wisdom of the Bajo tribe in the Bajo community had a positive impact on the environment, economy, and education. Meanwhile, the challenges and obstacles are the low levels of public awareness and no sense of responsibility towards the spirit of caring for the environment and preserving the environment.

 

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