bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Salicylic acid influences the protease activity and posttranslation modifications of the secreted peptides in the moss Physcomitrella patens
Authors: Filippova Anna , Lyapina Irina , Kirov Ilya , Zgoda Victor , Belogurov Alexey , Kudriaeva Anna , Ivanov Vadim , Fesenko Igor
Published: December 2018

Plant secretome comprises dozens of secreted proteins. However, little is known about the composition of the whole secreted peptide pools and the proteases responsible for the generation of the peptide pools. The majority of studies focus on target detection and characterization of specific plant peptide hormones. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the whole extracellular peptidome, using moss Physcomitrella patens as a model. Hundreds of modified and unmodified endogenous peptides that originated from functional and nonfunctional protein precursors were identified. The plant proteases responsible for shaping the pool of endogenous peptides were predicted. Salicylic acid (SA) influenced peptide production in the secretome. The proteasome activity was altered upon SA treatment, thereby influencing the composition of the peptide pools. These results shed more light on the role of proteases and posttranslational modification in the “active management” of the extracellular peptide pool in response to stress conditions. It also identifies a list of potential peptide hormones in the moss secretome for further analysis.
The dynamic and thermodynamic structure of the monsoon over southern India: New observations from the INCOMPASS IOP
Authors: Fletcher Jennifer K. , Parker Douglas J. , Turner Andrew G. , Menon Arathy , Martin Gill M. , Birch Cathryn E. , Mitra Ashis K. , Mrudula G. , Hunt Kieran M. R. , Taylor Christopher M. , Houze Robert A. , Brodzik Stella R. , Bhat G. S.
Published: December 2018

Some of the highest summer monsoon rainfall in South Asia falls on the windward slopes of the Western Ghats mountains on India's west coast and offshore over the eastern Arabian Sea. Understanding of the processes determining the spatial distribution and temporal variability of this region remains incomplete. In this paper, new Interaction of Convective Organization and Monsoon Precipitation, Atmosphere, Surface and Sea (INCOMPASS) aircraft and ground‐based measurements of the summer monsoon over the Western Ghats and upstream of them are presented and placed within the context of remote‐sensing observations and reanalysis. The transition from widespread rainfall over the eastern Arabian Sea to rainfall over the Western Ghats is documented in high spatial and temporal resolution. Heavy rainfall offshore during the campaign was associated primarily with mid‐tropospheric humidity, secondarily with sea surface temperature, and only weakly with orographic blocking. A mid‐tropospheric dry intrusion suppressed deep convection offshore in the latter half of the campaign, allowing the build‐up of low‐level humidity in the onshore flow and enhancing rainfall over the mountains. Rainfall on the lee side of the Western Ghats occurred during the latter half of the campaign in association with enhanced mesoscale easterly upslope flow. Diurnal cycles in rainfall offshore (maximum in the morning) and on the mountains (maximum in the afternoon) were observed. Considerable zonal and temporal variability was seen in the offshore boundary layer, suggesting the presence of convective downdraughts and cold pools. Persistent drying of the subcloud mixed layer several hundred kilometres off the coast was observed, suggesting strong mixing between the boundary layer and the free troposphere. These observations provide quantitative targets to test models and suggest hypotheses on the physical mechanisms determining the distribution and variability in rainfall in the Western Ghats region.
Oxidation of Ni13 clusters
Authors: Schleder Gabriel R. , Fazzio Adalberto , Arantes Jeverson T.
Published: December 2018

We perform ab initio calculations to investigate Ni13 clusters reaction under an oxygen atmosphere. We dynamically evaluate the effect on structural, electronic, and magnetic properties for pristine and oxidated clusters. As oxygen chemisorption increases, the pristine icosahedral cluster tends to adopt a cubic sodium chloride configuration, resistant to further oxidation. Although each chemisorbed O atom draws one electron, the cluster magnetization stays in the 4‐8 μ
B range, with magnetic moment localized at Ni atoms. Oxygen effect on the electronic structure is to hybridize O(p) − Ni(s, d) among low‐lying occupied states and to induce a HOMO‐LUMO gap opening, while also shifting downwards the electronic band edges, making them favorably aligned with photocatalytic reactions.
Simply Constructing Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2/C Composites for Superior Electrochemical Performance and Thermal Stability in Li–Ion Battery
Authors: Chen Dandan , Xie Dongjiu , Li Guangshe , Zhang Dan , Fan Jianming , Li Baoyun , Feng Tao , Li Liping
Published: December 2018

A Co‐free Li‐rich cathode material Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 has been successfully modified by conductive acetylene black (CAB) using a simple physical grinding and post annealing process. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) characterizations show that annealing process leads to the formation of a strong chemical interaction between CAB and Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2. The modified sample with 5wt% CAB exhibits excellent cycle stability (83.9% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C) and remarkable rate capacity (93.0 mAh g−1 at 10 C). At the same time, the thermal stability of pristine is obviously enhanced by modification with CAB. Such improvement is ascribed to the existence of the strong interaction between Li‐rich oxide and CAB. This work will offer hints for promoting the commercialization of Li‐rich cathodes.
Copper‐Catalyzed Highly Efficient Acetylene‐Mannich Reaction of Secondary Amines, Paraformaldehyde and Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Xu Zheng , Wu Hui , Li Huaigui , Du Zhengyin , Fu Ying
Published: December 2018

A Cu(0)‐catalyzed multicomponent reaction of tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQ), paraformaldehyde and terminal alkynes to form propargylamines is developed. This protocol worked well for other secondary amines too. Acetylene‐Mannich products were obtained in high yields (up to 98% yields). This acetylene‐Mannich reaction is operationally simple, scalable and exhibits high functional‐group tolerance.
Ultra‐low‐power FSK demodulator with frequency‐offset tolerance
Authors: Yin Yadong , Zhang Lihong
Published: December 2018

An ultra‐low‐power Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) demodulator with frequency‐offset tolerance is designed in 0.18 μm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process. The demodulator employs a period‐to‐voltage converter to convert the periods of the input FSK‐modulated signal into voltage levels continuously while consuming ultra‐low power. Moreover, a discrete‐time differentiator is adopted to utilize those converted voltages to recover the transmitted data while preventing the carrier‐frequency offset from deteriorating the demodulation performance. As the experimental results indicate, the novel demodulator can tolerate carrier frequency variations up to ±200 kHz in the case of 1 Mbps data rate with a modulation index of 0.32. It needs a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 16.8 dB to achieve 0.1% bit error rate and consumes a current of only about 49.7 μA from a 1.8 V supply. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The reverse logistics helping to reduce costs of raw material in a pressure aluminum casting
Authors: Morais Marcos de Oliveira , Brejão Antonio Sérgio , Araújo Marcelo Bernardino , Neto Pedro Luiz de Oliveira Costa
Published: December 2018

This paper analyzes the influence of an aluminum smelter of reverse logistics on its reuse of domestic raw materials. It also analyzes reverse logistics financial impact on the smelter, and how reverse logistics can help reduce the purchase of raw materials, which optimizes inventory and controls costs. In addition to environmental savings, it is also possible for reverse logistics to make an organization more powerful in the competitive market. This case study was carried out based on a review of the literature on policies, programs, regulations and laws, as well as on related work in reverse logistics, particularly related to the recycling of aluminum recycling. The reverse logistics actions by the company analyzed in this study achieved annual savings (in U.S. dollars [US$]) of US$ 68,437.70. The study shows that a well‐managed reverse logistics program can be effective and can reduce phases within the organization, achieving not only considerable savings in financial resources but also constituting a social responsibility action.
A neutrinoless double beta decay master formula from effective field theory
Authors: Cirigliano V. , Dekens W. , de Vries J. , Graesser M. L. , Mereghetti E.
Published: December 2018

Abstract

We present a master formula describing the neutrinoless-double-beta decay (0νββ) rate induced by lepton-number-violating (LNV) operators up to dimension nine in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory. We provide an end-to-end framework connecting the possibly very high LNV scale to the nuclear scale, through a chain of effective field theories. Starting at the electroweak scale, we integrate out the heavy Standard Model degrees of freedom and we match to an SU(3)
c
⊗ U(1)
em
effective theory. After evolving the resulting effective Lagrangian to the QCD scale, we use chiral perturbation theory to derive the lepton-number-violating chiral Lagrangian. The chiral Lagrangian is used to derive the two-nucleon 0νββ transition operators to leading order in the chiral power counting. Based on renormalization arguments we show that in various cases short-range two-nucleon operators need to be enhanced to leading order. We show that all required nuclear matrix elements can be taken from existing calculations. Our final result is a master formula that describes the 0νββ rate in terms of phase-space factors, nuclear matrix elements, hadronic low-energy constants, QCD evolution factors, and high-energy LNV Wilson coefficients, including all the interference terms. Our master formula can be easily matched to any model where LNV originates at energy scales above the electroweak scale. As an explicit example, we match our formula to the minimal left-right-symmetric model in which contributions of operators of different dimension compete, and we discuss the resulting phenomenology.
$$ \mathcal{N}=1 $$ Liouville SCFT in four dimensions
Authors: Levy Tom , Oz Yaron , Raviv-Moshe Avia
Published: December 2018

Abstract

We construct a four supercharges Liouville superconformal field theory in four dimensions. The Liouville superfield is chiral and its lowest component is a log-correlated complex scalar whose real part carries a background charge. The action consists of a supersymmetric Paneitz operator, a background supersymmetric

$$ \mathcal{Q} $$

Q

-curvature charge and an exponential potential. It localizes semiclassically on solutions that describe curved superspaces with a constant complex supersymmetric

$$ \mathcal{Q} $$

Q

-curvature. The theory is nonunitary with a continuous spectrum of scaling dimensions. We study the dynamics on the supersymmetric 4-sphere, show that the classical background charge is not corrected quantum mechanically and calculate the super-Weyl anomaly. We derive an integral form for the correlation functions of vertex operators.
Research on Quantitative Demand of Underground Space Development for Urban Rail Transit Station Areas: A Case Study of Metro Line 1 in Xuzhou, China
Authors: Wu Liming , Xia Haishan , Cao Xiaowei , Zhang Chun , Dai Cheng
Published: December 2018

Under the background of the rapid development of urban rail transit in China, the development demand of urban underground space has also greatly increased especially in the rail transit station areas. In this paper, taking the high-speed railway station area of Xuzhou Metro Line 1 as an example, the underground space development demand evaluation is conducted by considering the principle of urban underground space stock planning, the local underground space development conditions, as well as the special planning of the local urban constructions. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a specific weight indicator scale is employed after the rationality of different weight indicator scales being compared. And then the weight indicator of different function types, i.e., commercial, parking, road, etc., are calculated and laterly utilized to forecast the recent development demand of underground space in the station area. Moreover, the steps to forecast the underground space development demand in rail transit station area are proposed, which can provide a reference for the forecasting of underground space development demand in the urban rail transit station areas.
The effect of active and passive peer encouragement on adolescent risk‐taking
Authors: Harakeh Zeena , de Boer Anouk
Published: December 2018

Introduction

In this experiment, we investigated the effect of active (pressure) and passive (imitation) peer encouragement on adolescent risk‐taking and assessed gender differences.

Method

The participants performed the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) with the same‐sex e‐confederate. The experiment consisted of a 2 (passive encouragement: no/yes updates about the number of pumps of the e‐confederate) by 2 (active encouragement: no/yes messages received from the e‐confederate) by 2 (gender: girls/boys) by 3 (time: baseline/first message or update/second message or update) mixed design. The participants comprised 138 Dutch secondary‐school students aged 11–19 years old of whom 46% boys. They were assigned to one of the four conditions: 1. neutral (e‐confederate present), 2. passive (two updates received), 3. active (two messages received), or 4. combined (two updates and two messages received).

Results

Only a significant main effect of passive peer encouragement and a significant interaction effect of passive peer encouragement*time were shown. The participants exposed to passive peer encouragement took significantly more risk compared to other participants. Moreover, adolescent risk‐taking significantly increased after the first and second update compared to baseline (no update).

Conclusion

The findings suggest that adolescents are more likely to engage in risk‐taking because of passive rather than active peer encouragement. Thus, communication through text‐based messages in which young people provide information solely about their own risk‐taking may be an important aim of prevention and intervention programs.
Primary Patency Rate of Arteriovenous Fistula Created for Hemodialysis Patients: The Indonesian Experience
Authors: Tjang Yanto Sandy , Sumadi Glenn Joshua
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Clinical practice guidelines endorse the arteriovenous fistula as the preferred form of vascular access. Concerns have been raised regarding its high risk of primary failure. Its estimated primary patency rate varies in the literature. Since most of the current data are from Western countries and information from the developing countries is scarce, we aim to evaluate the primary patency rate of arteriovenous fistula created for hemodialysis patients in our hospital.

Methodology: We analyzed data from all patients undergoing the creation of arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis at the PGI Hospital Cikini in Jakarta, Indonesia, from January to December 2015. Information needed was retrieved from the medical records. Actuarial patency rate was created by the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. Differences between curves were compared by means of a log-rank test.

Results: A total of 253 arteriovenous fistula in the upper arm were created in patients requiring hemodialysis. The overall 6-, 12-, and 18-month primary patency rates of arteriovenous fistula created for hemodialysis patients were 88%, 85%, and 79%, respectively. There was a difference in primary patency rate of arteriovenous fistula by gender. The 6- and 12-month primary patency rates of arteriovenous fistula created for male hemodialysis patients were 92% and 89%; the rates for female patients were 81% and 78%, respectively (P = .027).

Conclusions: Careful preoperative patient assessment, optimal surgical techniques, and adequate postoperative care play an important role for the favorable outcome. The primary patency rate in male hemodialysis patients was significantly higher than in female patients.
The Ultrasound Monitoring to the Venous Thromboembolism Associated with Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters in Chemotherapy Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jianning Wei , Zhimin Wang , Peiyi He , Ping Du , Huang Xiaodan , Xu Ying
Published: December 2018

Objective: To investigate the incidence of peripherally inserted central catheter–related deep venous thrombosis (PRDVT) and their associated risk factors of PRDVT in the oncological patients who received peripherally inserted central catheters.

Methods: This is a prospective and interventional cohort study; enrolled cancer patients had ultrasound-guided peripherally inserted central catheters and followed up by an intensive ultrasound monitoring protocol for 24 weeks. Vascular color Doppler ultrasound was applicated to the prospective evaluation of thrombus every 2 weeks for each patient.

Results: Of all 406 patients (37,490 catheter days), 30.05% of patients (122/406) developed peripherally inserted central catheter–related deep vein thrombosis, with an incidence of 3.25 per 1000 catheter days. Only 1.23% (5/406) peripherally inserted central catheters were removed because of central line associated blood stream infection or accident. The incidence of asymptomatic PRDVT and symptomatic PRDVT were 26.85% (109/406) and 3.2% (13/406) respectively.

Conclusion: The incidence of PRDVT in our hospital was considerable to the published data. Catheter in right upper extremity, tip at subclavian or T 2-4, more than 1 attempt for peripherally inserted central catheter insertion, and radiotherapy were independent predictors of PRDVT in cancer patients. Proactive ultrasound monitoring protocol from insertion to follow-up visits to investigate the incidence of PRDVT in oncological patients should be a routine examination.
Hemodialysis Catheter Insertion Without Chest X-Ray: Review of a 24-Month Study
Authors: Ramirez Chuck , Miranda Shannon , Sager Erica
Published: December 2018

Acute care hemodialysis catheters have traditionally been validated for use through chest X-ray interpretation. This study was implemented to evaluate if hemodialysis catheters can be placed safely and accurately, utilizing an electrocardiogram plus doppler or dual vector positioning system to validate for use. Over a 24-month period hemodialysis catheters were inserted and validated by utilizing a dual vector positioning system instead of chest X-ray. During the study period, 260 hemodialysis catheters were inserted without chest X-ray and validated for use via the dual vector positioning system. An additional 74 inserted catheters required follow-up chest X-rays because of failure to obtain technological validation. During the study period, no patients had a pneumothorax or hemothorax complication subsequent to catheter placement. The use of a dual vector positioning system in this study demonstrated optimal hemodialysis catheter insertion can be done with no X-ray and no increase in mechanical complications.
An interview with Biesterfeld Spezialchemie
Authors: Garcia Isabel
Published: December 2018

Reinforced Plastics spoke with Dr. Johannes Martin from Biesterfeld Spezialchemie about composites manufacturing and current trends in the composite industry.
UK Hyperloop team trials rely on James Walker's sealing expertise
Authors: Atkinson Simon
Published: December 2018

James Walker, which supplies a vast range of high-performance fluid sealing products, recently worked with HYPED, a student society at the University of Edinburgh dedicated to accelerating the development of the mass transportation concept Hyperloop and implementing the technology in the UK.
Thin-film conversion coatings reduce process times and costs
Authors: Atkinson Simon
Published: December 2018

Henkel AG & Co KGaA (Henkel) now offers a range of new-generation metal pretreatment processes, as briefly outlined here, in the first of this month's technology focus articles.
Modular mechanical single seal offers the safety of a double seal
Authors: Atkinson Simon
Published: December 2018

In Canada, an operator of an oil pipeline commissioned EagleBurgmann Germany GmbH & Co. KG to develop a sealing system for crude-oil pumps. This technology focus briefly looks at the company's design – a new concept of the SHVI single seal with optimised Plan 66A that is economical, modular and reliable, and offers the safety of a double seal.
Ranking, coordination, and global governance: The case of the Access to Medicine Index
Authors: Quak Sander , Heilbron Johan , Meijer Jessica
Published: December 2018

As a case study in the proliferation of global rankings, we examine the initiation, construction of, and response to the Access to Medicine Index, which ranks pharmaceutical companies according to their respective contribution to access to medicine for developing countries. Since it has served as the model for constructing global rankings in the fields of nutrition, seeds, mining, possibly in the future, oil, seafood, mobile internet, and agricultural commodities, and it serves as a blueprint for the development of corporate sustainability benchmarks in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, its significance goes well beyond public health. From an economic-sociological perspective we argue, first, that rankings can be conceived as symbolic classifications that serve predominantly as market-based coordination devices. To understand the proliferation of global rankings, we argue, secondly, that they are an integral part of the changing balance of power in the domain of global public health consisting of a historical shift from international organizations as the central mode of governance and coordination to a more decentralized and diversified global field structure. This global field is formed by an increasing number and variety of actors, but lacks a central decision-making body. The case of the Access to Medicine Index suggests that a historical-sociological field perspective has analytical advantages over both the micro-analysis of socio-technical devices and macro-level approaches to issues of governance in contemporary capitalism.
The Imbalance in Medical Demand and Supply for Pediatric Victims in an Earthquake
Authors: Toida Chiaki , Takeuchi Ichiro , Abe Takeru , Hattori Jun , Hattori Kyoko , Takahashi Kohei , Uchiyama Munehito , Honda Hideki , Nakagawa Yosihide , Matsuda Kiyoshi , Asari Yasushi , Morimura Naoto
Published: December 2018

Objectives

We quantified an absolute imbalance of the medical risks and the support needs for children at each disaster-based hospital in Kanagawa immediately following the occurrence of a large earthquake by using the risk resource ratio (RRR) and need for medical resources (NMR).

Methods

The RRR and NMR of 33 disaster-based hospitals were estimated through dividing the estimated number of pediatric victims by the number of critically patients. We calculated the ratio of the NMR of each hospital.

Results

The total number of pediatric victims in Kanagawa was estimated at 8,391. The total number of vacant beds for pediatric victims was 352. The median RRR and NMR of the total number of pediatric victims were 27 and 224. The median RRR and NMR of the number of critically ill pediatric patients were 27 and 12.

Conclusions

The absolute imbalance of the RRR and NMR for children in Kanagawa was quantified. This suggests that we might embark on preparedness strategies for children in advance. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;13:672–676)
CONSTRUCTING TYPES IN DIFFERENTIALLY CLOSED FIELDS THAT ARE ANALYSABLE IN THE CONSTANTS
Authors: JIN RUIZHANG
Published: December 2018

Analysability of finiteU-rank types are explored both in general and in the theory${\rm{DC}}{{\rm{F}}_0}$. The well-known fact that the equation$\delta \left( {{\rm{log}}\,\delta x} \right) = 0$is analysable in but not almost internal to the constants is generalized to show that$\underbrace {{\rm{log}}\,\delta \cdots {\rm{log}}\,\delta }_nx = 0$is not analysable in the constants in$\left( {n - 1} \right)$-steps. The notion of acanonical analysisis introduced–-namely an analysis that is of minimal length and interalgebraic with every other analysis of that length. Not every analysable type admits a canonical analysis. Using properties of reductions and coreductions in theories with the canonical base property, it is constructed, for any sequence of positive integers$\left( {{n_1}, \ldots ,{n_\ell }} \right)$, a type in${\rm{DC}}{{\rm{F}}_0}$that admits a canonical analysis with the property that theith step hasU-rank${n_i}$.
ENAYAT MODELS OF PEANO ARITHMETIC
Authors: ABDUL-QUADER ATHAR
Published: December 2018

Simpson [6] showed that every countable model ${\cal M} \models PA$ has an expansion $\left( {{\cal M},X} \right) \models P{A^{\rm{*}}}$ that is pointwise definable. A natural question is whether, in general, one can obtain expansions of a nonprime model in which the definable elements coincide with those of the underlying model. Enayat [1] showed that this is impossible by proving that there is ${\cal M} \models PA$ such that for each undefinable class X of ${\cal M}$, the expansion $\left( {{\cal M},X} \right)$ is pointwise definable. We call models with this property Enayat models. In this article, we study Enayat models and show that a model of $PA$ is Enayat if it is countable, has no proper cofinal submodels and is a conservative extension of all of its elementary cuts. We then show that, for any countable linear order γ, if there is a model ${\cal M}$ such that $Lt\left( {\cal M} \right) \cong \gamma$, then there is an Enayat model ${\cal M}$ such that $Lt\left( {\cal M} \right) \cong \gamma$.
ACCEPTABLE COLORINGS OF INDEXED HYPERSPACES
Authors: SCHMERL JAMES H.
Published: December 2018

Previous results about n-grids with acceptable colorings are extended here to n-indexed hyperspaces, which are structures ${\cal A} = \left( {A;{E_0},{E_1}, \ldots ,{E_{n - 1}}} \right)$, where each ${E_i}$ is an equivalence relation on A.
THE UNITY AND IDENTITY OF DECIDABLE OBJECTS AND DOUBLE-NEGATION SHEAVES
Authors: MENNI MATÍAS
Published: December 2018

Let ${\cal E}$ be a topos, ${\rm{Dec}}\left( {\cal E} \right) \to {\cal E}$ be the full subcategory of decidable objects, and ${{\cal E}_{\neg \,\,\neg }} \to {\cal E}$ be the full subcategory of double-negation sheaves. We give sufficient conditions for the existence of a Unity and Identity ${\cal E} \to {\cal S}$ for the two subcategories of ${\cal E}$ above, making them Adjointly Opposite. Typical examples of such ${\cal E}$ include many ‘gros’ toposes in Algebraic Geometry, simplicial sets and other toposes of ‘combinatorial’ spaces in Algebraic Topology, and certain models of Synthetic Differential Geometry.
THE VARIETY OF COSET RELATION ALGEBRAS
Authors: GIVANT STEVEN , ANDRÉKA HAJNAL
Published: December 2018

Givant [6] generalized the notion of an atomic pair-dense relation algebra from Maddux [13] by defining the notion of a measurable relation algebra, that is to say, a relation algebra in which the identity element is a sum of atoms that can be measured in the sense that the “size” of each such atom can be defined in an intuitive and reasonable way (within the framework of the first-order theory of relation algebras). In Andréka--Givant [2], a large class of examples of such algebras is constructed from systems of groups, coordinated systems of isomorphisms between quotients of the groups, and systems of cosets that are used to “shift” the operation of relative multiplication. In Givant--Andréka [8], it is shown that the class of these full coset relation algebras is adequate to the task of describing all measurable relation algebras in the sense that every atomic and complete measurable relation algebra is isomorphic to a full coset relation algebra.

Call an algebra $\mathfrak{A}$ a coset relation algebra if $\mathfrak{A}$ is embeddable into some full coset relation algebra. In the present article, it is shown that the class of coset relation algebras is equationally axiomatizable (that is to say, it is a variety), but that no finite set of sentences suffices to axiomatize the class (that is to say, the class is not finitely axiomatizable).
CONCERNING SUMMABLE SZLENK INDEX
Authors: CAUSEY RYAN MICHAEL
Published: December 2018

We generalize the notion of summable Szlenk index from a Banach space to an arbitrary weak*-compact set. We prove that a weak*-compact set has summable Szlenk index if and only if its weak*-closed, absolutely convex hull does. As a consequence, we offer a new, short proof of a result from Draga and Kochanek [J. Funct. Anal. 271 (2016), 642–671] regarding the behavior of summability of the Szlenk index under c0 direct sums. We also use this result to prove that the injective tensor product of two Banach spaces has summable Szlenk index if both spaces do, which answers a question from Draga and Kochanek [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 145 (2017), 1685–1698]. As a final consequence of this result, we prove that a separable Banach space has summable Szlenk index if and only if it embeds into a Banach space with an asymptotic c0 finite dimensional decomposition, which generalizes a result from Odell et al. [Q. J. Math. 59, (2008), 85–122]. We also introduce an ideal norm $\mathfrak{s}$ on the class $\mathfrak{S}$ of operators with summable Szlenk index and prove that $(\mathfrak{S}, \mathfrak{s})$ is a Banach ideal. For 1 ⩽ p ⩽ ∞, we prove precise results regarding the summability of the Szlenk index of an ℓp direct sum of a collection of operators.
Longitudinal changes in brain activation during anticipation of monetary loss in bipolar disorder
Authors: Manelis Anna , Stiffler Richelle , Lockovich Jeanette C. , Almeida Jorge R. C. , Aslam Haris A. , Phillips Mary L.
Published: December 2018

Background

Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) show aberrant brain activation patterns during reward and loss anticipation. We examined for the first time longitudinal changes in brain activation during win and loss anticipation to identify trait markers of aberrant anticipatory processing in BD.

Methods

Thirty-four euthymic and depressed individuals with BD-I and 17 healthy controls (HC) were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging twice 6 months apart during a reward task.

Results

HC, but not individuals with BD, showed longitudinal reductions in the right lateral occipital cortex (RLOC) activation during processing of cues predicting possible money loss (p-corrected <0.05). This result was not affected by psychotropic medication, mood state or the changes in depression/mania severity between the two scans in BD. Elevated symptoms of subthreshold hypo/mania at baseline predicted more aberrant longitudinal patterns of RLOC activation explaining 12.5% of variance in individuals with BD.

Conclusions

Increased activation in occipital cortex during negative outcome anticipation may be related to elevated negative emotional arousal during anticipatory cue processing. One interpretation is that, unlike HC, individuals with BD were not able to learn at baseline that monetary losses were smaller than monetary gains and were not able to reduce emotional arousal for negative cues 6 months later. Future research in BD should examine how modulating occipital cortical activation affects learning from experience in individuals with BD.
“Maiden's Armor”: Global Gothic Lolita Fashion Communities and Technologies of Girly Counteridentity
Authors: Carriger Michelle Liu
Published: December 2018

It starts with a dress, or dresses. Among a menagerie of rainbow variations, certain features are standard: lace and ruffle-decked blouses under jumpers, aprons, or high-waisted belled and crinolined knee-length skirts; more skin covered than bare; headwear including bonnets, miniature hats, or massive bows over ringlets and long tresses. So many ruffles; so much lace (Fig. 1). Beginning in the late 1990s,gothic lolitas—overwhelmingly young women in their teens and twenties, and overwhelmingly girly in their outsized bows, platform Mary Jane shoes, and petticoated skirts—stood out as defiantly, bizarrely out of place and time on the Tokyo street scene, all bright white and concrete in Harajuku, a built-up postwar neighborhood of Tokyo known as a youth haven since the 1960s. More than twenty years later, although most Harajuku fashions have died out in keeping with a fad's typically short life cycle, the gothic lolitas have persisted and even multiplied, thanks in large part to the Internet, which has helped muster an army of misfit girl aristocrats not just in Japan but around the globe.
Exploring a poorly understood variable: An agenda for classroom research on the age factor
Authors: Singleton David , Pfenninger Simone E.
Published: December 2018

This article is concerned with age in second language learning. It steers well clear, however, of the well-worn issue of maturational constraints and the intractable problems of locating their consensual offset point and finding indisputable evidence for or against them. Instead we propose something completely different in our agenda for age-related research: a programme on some poorly understoodnon-maturational dimensions of the age factor which will stand some chance of yielding results unlikely to become entangled in theoretical controversy. In other words, the results will, we think, be immediately usable and useful. The topics included in our outlined agenda are: (1) age effects in various dimensions of language teaching and learning (in relation to bilingualism and biliteracy, to different target languages and to Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL); (2) what can be observed in respect of second language (L2) learning in the third age; (3) an ecological perspective on age in classroom L2 research methodology; and (4) an exploration of the attitudes of teachers of different-aged L2 learners.
Seed fate and seedling recruitment in monkey latrines in rustic cocoa plantations and rain forest in southern Mexico
Authors: Zárate Diego A. , Andresen Ellen , Santos-Heredia Carolina
Published: December 2018

Primates are important seed dispersers in natural ecosystems and agro-ecosystems, but the latter scenario remains under-studied. The degree to which primates favour plant regeneration greatly depends on post-dispersal processes. The main objective of this study was to compare patterns of seed/seedling fate and seedling recruitment in two habitats of the black howler monkey (Alouatta pigraLawrence 1933), rustic cocoa and rain forest, and two types of seed-deposition locations, monkey latrines and control locations. Field experiments were carried out within the non-overlapping home ranges of six monkey groups, three in cocoa and three in forest. Seed and seedling fates were assessed for one focal tree species,Brosimum lactescens. The probabilities of seed survival (0.52), germination (0.72), seedling establishment (0.73) and early seedling survival (0.38) were not affected by habitat or seed-deposition location. Late seedling survival was similar in the two habitats but was higher in control locations (0.22) than in latrines (0.09). In cocoa, 4641 seedlings of 59 species were recorded, in forest 3280 seedlings of 68 species. Seedling recruitment was similar in both habitats, but latrines had higher densities than control locations. The importance of agro-ecosystems with low management intensity for the maintenance of ecological processes in anthropogenic landscapes is discussed.
The Sea Mile and Nautical Mile in Marine Navigation
Authors: Lenart Andrzej S.
Published: December 2018

The problem of differences between the sea mile and the international nautical mile has been analysed. Algorithms for the calculation of sea miles with applications in different sailing methods on the ellipsoid that can be easily incorporated in modern microprocessor controlled navigational devices are proposed. These algorithms can also be employed on an outfit of large-scale nautical charts with a double scale in sea miles and international nautical miles.
Chaotic backward shift operator on Chebyshev polynomials
Authors: KISS MÁRTON , KALMÁR-NAGY TAMÁS
Published: December 2018

We obtain the representation of the backward shift operator on Chebyshev polynomials involving a principal value (PV) integral. Twice the backward shift on the space of square-summable sequences l2 displays chaotic dynamics, thus we provide an explicit form of a chaotic operator on L2 (−1, 1, (1−x2)–1/2) using Cauchy’s PV integral. We explicitly calculate the periodic points of the operator and provide examples of unbounded trajectories, as well as chaotic ones. Histograms and recurrence plots of shifts of random Chebyshev expansions display interesting behaviour over fractal measures.
Xenia in bahiagrass: gene expression at initial seed formation
Authors: Pozzi Florencia I. , Pratta Guillermo R. , Acuña Carlos A. , Felitti Silvina A.
Published: December 2018

Xenia is the direct effect of pollen genotype on the development and characteristics of the seed and fruit in the period that spans from fertilization to seed germination. Xenia effects cause phenotypic variations in the seed and fruit, which have importance for seed and fruit production but are not heritable to the progeny. Two hypotheses have been proposed as a mechanism for xenia: the hormonal hypothesis and the mobile mRNAs hypothesis. Although xenia effects have been studied in seeds and fruits in many crops, its effects and mechanism have been poorly studied at the molecular level. The aim of this work was to perform an initial screening of the xenia effect in the hybrid endosperm at the molecular level by differential gene expression among different pollen genotype sources from Paspalum notatum Flüggé. In order to characterize xenia effects and mechanisms, crosses were made between an emasculated mother plant with donors from two different pollen genotypes. RNA was isolated from ovaries 3 h after pollination. Some of the 24 differentially expressed transcript-derived fragments (DETDFs) provided relevant information. Four of those DETDFs were related to germination, pollen tube growth and pollen–pistil interaction. Seven DETDFs were associated with seed development and production. Finally, four DETDFs were predicted to encode for mobile mRNAs. These DETDFs might be involved in xenia effects and mechanisms in P. notatum.
Fulminant cytomegalovirus myocarditis in an infant with concomitant large atrial and ventricular septal defects: medical intervention strategy for functional cardiac regeneration
Authors: Schrewe Roland , Esmaeili Anoosh , Behnke-Hall Kachina , Schranz Dietmar
Published: December 2018

A cytomegalovirus-associated heart failure in a young infant with atrial and ventricular septal defects is reported in this case report. The patient recovered by an anti-congestive and anti-viral therapy with an extra percutaneous transcatheter treatment strategy. In the context of bi-ventricular predominant right heart failure associated with supra-systemic pulmonary hypertension, the already closed arterial duct was re-opened and stented to unload the right ventricle and thereby augment the systemic blood flow. Either the left-to-right shunting atrial septal defect or bi-directional shunting ventricular septal defect was involved in the disease process and was not able to avoid global heart failure. After clinical improvement, the stented duct was shunted left-to-right and was occluded with an ADO-II-AS. During the same procedure the atrial septal defect was closed with an Amplatzer-ASD occluder, while the peri-membranous ventricular septal defect was closed with an ADO-II occluder 2 months later.
Materiality in Sound Art
Authors: Flø Asbjørn Blokkum
Published: December 2018

This article investigates the recent resurgence of kinetic sound art in light of the relationship between art and material. It does this by studying the history of mechanical musical instruments and kinetic art, the role of immateriality in the history of Western art, and the renewed focus on materiality in the arts. Materiality is key to understanding the resurgence of kinetics in sound art. The first part of this article studies the historical narratives of materiality in sound art, while the second part investigates materiality in my own works as more contemporary examples. Here the text turns to exploration of the material and acoustic properties of metal rods and plates, and suggests that direct contact with sound-producing objects provides opportunities for new art forms where the morphology of sound can be developed in dialogue with the physical objects and the surrounding space. By examining the underlying acoustic principles of rods and plates, we get a deeper understanding of the relationship between mathematical models and the actual sounding objects. Using the acoustic model with basic input parameters enables us to explore the timbral possibilities of the sound objects. This allows us to shape the spectrum of acoustic sound objects with great attention to detail, and makes models from spectromorphology relevant during the construction of the objects. The physical production of sound objects becomes both spectral composition and shaping of spatial objects. This highlights the importance of knowledge of both materials and acoustic principles, and questions the traditional perception of sound art and music as immaterial art forms.
Theremin in the Press: Instrument remediation and code-instrument transduction
Authors: Oliver La Rosa Jaime E.
Published: December 2018

This article shows how the theremin as a new musical medium enacted a double logic throughout its century-old techno-cultural life. On the one hand, in an attempt to be a ‘better’ instrument, the theremin imitated or remediated traditional musical instruments and in this way affirmed the musical values these instruments materialised; simultaneously, by being a new and different medium, with unprecedented flexibility for designing sound and human–machine interaction, it eroded and challenged these same values and gradually enacted change. On the other hand, the theremin inadvertently inaugurated a practice of musical instrument circulation using electronics schematics that allowed for the instrument’s reproduction, starting with the publication of schematics and tutorials in amateur electronics magazines and which can be seen as a predecessor to today’s circulation of open source code. This circulation practice, which I call instrument-code transduction, emerged from and was amplified by the fame the theremin obtained using its touchless interface to imitate or remediate traditional musical instruments, and in turn, this circulation practice has kept the instrument alive throughout the decades. Thus remediation and code-instrument transduction are not just mutually dependent, but are in fact, two interdependent processes of the same media phenomenon. Drawing from early reactions to the theremin documented in the press, from new media theory, and from publications in amateur electronics, this article attempts to use episodes from the history of the theremin to understand the early and profound changes that electric technologies brought to the concept of musical instruments at large.
Applying Kinaesthetic Empathy and Extended Mind Theory to Invasive and Discreet Instruments in Sound-Based Live Performance
Authors: Spowage Neal
Published: December 2018

I have taken the ambiguous psychology of Kinaesthetic Empathy and the relatively recent ideas that form Extended Mind Theory and re-contextualised them so they are relevant to sound-based live performance. I then used these psychologies as a guidance to investigate how we interact with discreet and invasive instruments by analysing specific examples of performance, sound installation and composition. I have defined ‘invasive and discreet’ by using examples of how these instruments are presented as objects in the context of performance. For example, the way in which an object or system can physically invade, and make use of, the performance space when employing technology and physical sculpture; or how an object or system can interact with the performer through tactility and psychological presence. During the process of defining discreet and invasive instruments I noted that there is no binary differentiation because the instruments denotation is dependent on context, sound palette and how they are interpreted as objects for creative expression by the performer. I concluded that the physicality of invasive instruments gives strength to the presentation of ideas in live performance. This is in opposition to discrete instruments which I argue are better suited to studio production or acousmatic performance.
Philip England Receives 2018 Walter H. Bucher Medal
Authors:   AGU
Published: December 2018

Philip England was awarded the 2018 Walter H. Bucher Medal at the AGU Fall Meeting Honors Ceremony, held on 12 December 2018 in Washington, D. C. The medal is for “original contributions to the basic knowledge of the crust and lithosphere.”
Huge Global Tsunami Followed Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid Impact
Authors: Kornei Katherine
Published: December 2018

The cataclysmic Chicxulub impact roughly 66 million years ago spawned a tsunami that produced wave heights of several meters in distant waters, new simulations suggest.
A New Seismic Stratigraphy in the Indian‐Atlantic Ocean Gateway Resembles Major Paleo‐Oceanographic Changes of the Last 7 Ma
Authors: Gruetzner Jens , Jiménez Espejo Francisco J. , Lathika Nambiyathodi , Uenzelmann‐Neben Gabriele , Hall Ian R. , Hemming Sidney R. , LeVay Leah J. ,   the Expedition 361 Scientists
Published: December 2018

The exchange of water masses between the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic constitutes an integral interocean link in the global thermohaline circulation. Long‐term changes in deep water flow have been studied using seismic reflection profiles but the seismic stratigraphy was poorly constrained and not resolved for the time period from the late Miocene onward. Here we present results from International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1475 (Agulhas Plateau) located over a sediment drift proximal to the entrance of North Atlantic Deep Water into the Southern Ocean and South Indian Ocean. Site U1475 comprises a complete carbonate‐rich stratigraphic section of the last ~7 Ma that provides an archive of climate‐induced variations in ocean circulation. Six marker reflectors occurring in the upper 300 m of the drift are identified here for the first time. The formation of these reflectors is mainly due to density changes that are mostly caused by changes in biogenic versus terrigenous sediment deposition. Synthetic seismograms allow age assignments for the horizons based on biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy. Prominent reflectors are related to late Pleistocene glacial/interglacial variability, the middle and early Pleistocene transitions, and the onset of the northern hemisphere glaciation. A peculiar early Pliocene interval (~5.3–4.0 Ma) bounded by two reflectors is characterized by fourfold elevated sedimentation rates (>10 cm/kyr) and the occurrence of sediment waves. We argue that this enhanced sediment transport to the Agulhas Plateau was caused by a reorganization of the bottom current circulation pattern due to maximized inflow of North Atlantic Deep Water.