bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARGININE/CITRULLINE CYCLE CHANGES IN DIET-INDUCED RAT
MODEL OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
Authors: Skrypnyk Igor М. , Maslova Ganna S. , Skrypnyk Roman І. , Gopko Oleksandr F. , Lymanets Tetiana V.
Published: October 2020

The aim: to study the Arginine / Citrulline-cycle features on a diet-induced rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Materials and methods: The studies were carried out on 20 white non-linear adult rats, including 10 (50%) males, 10 (50%) females, weighing 160-220 g. NAFLD was modeled
by a 9-week fast food diet. The level of arginine and citrulline, and the arginase activity were investigated in the animals’ liver homogenates and in the blood. The morphological
analysis of liver tissues changes was done.
Results: NAFLD modeling using a 9-week fast food diet resulted in maximum weight gain in male rats (р<0.05). Female rats had 3 times more accumulation of intra-abdominal
fat than male rats in the main group (р<0.05). Histopathologic liver examination confirmed NAFLD development in rats on a fast food diet during 9 weeks (р<0.05). NAFLD led
to an increment of arginine level in the blood and liver homogenate in the main group compared to controls (р<0.05). NAFLD development was accompanied by a decrease in
arginase activity and citrulline level in the blood and liver homogenate compared to control (р<0.05).
Conclusions: The experimental rat model of NAFLD showed the Arginine / Citrulline cycle disorders, that were characterized by an increased arginine level, a decreased arginase
activity and citrulline concentration in the blood and liver tissues.
KEY WORDS: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, arginine, arginase, citrulline
FEATURES OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PARAMETERS OF
ACRYLIC PLASTICS AFTER FULLERENE COATING
Authors: Sylenko Bohdan Yu. , Dvornyk Valentyn M. , Sylenko Yurii I. , Khrebor Maryna V. , Khmil Tetiana A. , Makarenko Volodymyr I.
Published: October 2020

The aim of the research is to study the physical and mechanical parameters of the bases in removable laminar dentures after modification of their surface.
Materials and methods: the studied samples were divided into two groups (group I – acrylic plastics, and group II – acrylic plastics with fullerene С60 nanocoating), 50 samples in each group. The coefficients of water absorption, water solubility, microhardness and deformation characteristics of materials were studied.
Results and conclusions: The material covered with fullerene С60 has a lower coefficient of water absorption and water solubility, which amounted to 0.55% and 0.23%
respectively, from the initial weight of samples, as compared with acrylic plastics without coating (0.71% and 034%, respectively). The strength parameters of samples of group ІІ were higher by 13.5% as compared to group І. The given results of water absorption and water-solubility show that acrylic plastics with fullerene С60 molecules coating has a lower coefficient of water absorption and water solubility, in comparison with acrylic plastics without coating. This indicates a higher degree of resistance to biodegradation of the modified surface material, in turn reducing the washing-out of residual monomer from the denture, which directly improves the strength parameters of the acrylic plastics and can prevent the development of denture stomatitis.
ONTOGENETIC FEATURES OF SONOGRAPHIC INDICATORS OF THE UTERUS IN ACROBATS OF THE UKRAINIAN ETHNIC GROUP
Authors: Sarafinjuk Larysa A. , Khapitska Olga P. , Smolko Nadiia M. , Smolko Dmytro G. , Fedoniuk Larysa Ya. , Sarafinjuk Petro V. , Matceyko Iryna I.
Published: October 2020

Іntroduction: The absence of diagnostic of the female sex organs in time can lead to serious disoders of the female athletes’ reproductive system. There is few information in
the literature about morphological evolution of the female sex organs, in particular, the uterus under the influence of sports.
The aim: To determine the peculiarities of linear sonographic dimensions of the uterus, its position and shape in the acrobats of the Ukrainian ethnic group of high level of
sportsmanship in different periods of puberty.
Materials and methods: 122 acrobats of high level of sportsmanship and 126 girls who have not played sports were examined. The girls’ passport age was between 8 and 21
years old. In order to determine belonging to the Ukrainian ethnic group, all surveyed girls were given questionnaires where they were required to indicate the nationality and
place of birth of their parents and grandparents. All girls were devided into three groups according to their biological age: athletes of prepubertal period of ontogenesis, duting
puberty and athletes of postpubertal period of ontogenesis.
Internal sex organs of all girls were examined by ultrasound diagnostic system of expert class Voluson 730 Pro (ATL, Austria) using a convex sensor RAB2-5L. The uterus was
examined by the following program: determined its position and shape and 3 linear dimensions (length, width and thickness). The analysis of the obtained results was carried
out in the licensed package Statistica 5.5 using nonparametric methods of estimation of indicators.
Results: The monitoring of the growth and development of the uterus in different ontogenetic periods in acrobats and women who are not involved in sports was analysed.
We found, that the length of the uterus at all stages of puberty in acrobats was significantly less than in the girls of the control group. The width of the uterus was statistically
significantly smaller in female athletes in the pre- and post-pubertal periods, and in puberty. The thickness of the uterus under the influence of acrobatic sports activity does
not undergo significant changes in all periods of ontogeny.
Conclusions: Features of competitive activity in sports acrobatics as well as the result of sports selection lead to the delay of sexual development and, as a consequence, to the
retardation of development of the uterus in all periods of puberty.
METHODS OF SALIVATION REDUCTION ASSESSMENT AT A DENTAL APPOINTMENT
Authors: Riabushko Natalia A.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To develop and study the methods of assessing the decrease in salivation during a dental appointment.
Materials and methods: We formed an observation group of 185 people (61 men and 124 women), which complained of dry mouth.
Results: According to the results of the survey, we found that 10.3% (19 patients) had moderate xerostomia and 89.7% (166 patients) had pronounced xerostomia. In 179
patients (96.8%) with complaints of dry mouth and with a subjective assessment as pronounced xerostomia, salivation rate was, on average, 0.08 � 0.01 ml/min. That was
reliably objectified by laboratory indicator of hyposalivation � less than 0.1 ml/min.
Conclusions: In our studies, we proved a direct relationship between patient complaints of dry mouth and laboratory-confirmed data. This makes it possible for a stomatologistto
quickly identify this pathology, analyze it and choose the right treatment tactic during clinical appointment.t
RISK FACTORS OF MALIGNANCY IN PATIENTS WITH FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY RESULTS INTERPRETED AS “SUSPICIOUS FOR FOLLICULAR NEOPLASM”
Authors: Świrta Jarosław , Romaniszyn Michał , Barczyński Marcin
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Approximately 10% of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of thyroid nodules may be verified as “suspicious for follicular neoplasm”; this category involves follicular adenoma, follicular carcinoma, follicular variants of papillary carcinoma and subclass “suspicious for Hurthle cell neoplasm”. At present, there is no diagnostic tool to discriminate between follicular adenoma and cancer. Most patients are required surgery to exclude malignant process. The aim: To define factors correlating with risk of malignancy in patients with FNAB of thyroid focal lesions and nodules verified as Bethesda tier IV. Materials and Methods: In this study 110 consecutive patients were included. All patients were operated because of FNAB result “suspicious for follicular neoplasm” of thyroid gland at a single institution from January 2016 until March 2020. From this set, six specific categories were defined and the clinical records for patients were collected: sex, age, presence of oxyphilic cells, diameter of the tumour, presence of Hashimoto disease, aggregate amount of clinical and ultrasonographic features of malignancy according to ATA. Results: In 18 patients (16,3%) thyroid cancer occurred. Most frequent subtype turned out to be papillary cancer (66,6%). In group of benign lesion (92 patients) predominance of follicular adenoma was disclosed – (49%). Age, gender, tumour diameter, aggregate amount of clinical and ultrasonografic factors, presence of Hashimoto disease and fine needle aspiration biopsy result suspicious for Hurthle cell neoplasm did not correspond to increased risk of malignancy. Conclusions: In patients with FNAB results classified as Bethesda tier IV there are no reliable clinical features associated with low risk of malignancy and surgery should be consider in every case as most appropriate manner to exclude thyroid cancer
EVALUATION OF PATIENT’S QUALITY LIFE WITH JOINT
AND MUSCLE DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Yaishen Igor V. , Andrienko Karina Y. , Pereshivaylova Irina O. , Salia Leah G. , Berezhna Elena O.
Published: October 2020

The aim: was the evaluation the patient’s quality of life with muscular and joint dysfunction of TMJ with using a modified profile questionnaire at various stages of orthopedic
treatment. The study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry on the base of University Dental Center in Kharkiv National Medical University.
Materials and methods: We conducted a clinical examination and subjective analysis of 125 patients aged 20 to 60 years (mean age 38.5 ± 3), and 80 of them with a reliable
diagnosis of dysfunction of TMJ and a control group of 45 patients of the same age without pathology of TMJ.
Our profile questionnaire is intended for filling by the respondent (patient) at the three control stages of orthopedic treatment under the supervision of an orthopedic dentist
(before the start of treatment, 1.5 months after the beginning of treatment and 3 months). The data obtained were subjected to a scaling process, converted into percentages
to facilitate statistical analysis.
Results: The worst values before and after treatment were found in the 3rd and 4th age subgroups (30.5 ± 0.60 and 42.0 ± 0.7 points, respectively), with a mean of 10 and
13%, respectively, according to the proposed rating scale. In this case, the indicators have changed 1.3 times in the direction of increase. The highest level of QL was observed in
patients of the 2nd (98.7 ± 0.8 points) and the 1st subgroups (102.3 ± 0.4 points), the average value for the three stages of treatment was 78% and 92% rating scales. Before
of orthopedic treatment, the values were approximately the same.
Conclusions: The using of profile questionnaire of quality of life in patients with muscular and joint dysfunction of the TMJ is appropriate. The questionnaire can be used to
evaluate the dynamics of orthopedic treatment of this complex pathology, and it can also be used as a prognostic criterion for the end of the disease.
KEY WORDS: temporomandibular joint, muscular and joint dysfunction, analysis, quality of life, orthopedic treatment, modified profile questionnaire
APPLICATION OF VITAMIN D IN DIFFERENT DOSAGE TO TREAT
CHILDREN WITH ALLERGIC DISEASES
Authors: Tiazhka Olexandra V. , Selska Zoriana V.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To study the dynamics of the level of 25(ОН)D, ІL-4, ІL-10, and IgG in the blood serum of children with allergic diseases and to study the clinical effect of vitamin D3
administration n different dosage in this category of patients.
Materials and methods: 153 children aged 3-16 with such allergic diseases as bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis have been examined. The level of 25(ОН)
D was determined using the electrochemiluminescence method, while the levels of ІL-4, ІL-10 and IgG were assessed using enzyme-linked immunoassay.
Results: In the contrasting of the initial level of 25(ОН)D in the blood serum of patients after administration of 2,000 IU of vitamin D3 over 2 months, after summer and
after treatment with cholecalciferol in higher doses (4,000–5,000 IU) over 2 months, significant difference was established between the indicators by the Friedman criterion
(λ2 = 41.211; P < 0.05). In the similar contrasting of ІL-4 indicators, a significant difference between them was traced (P < 0.05) in the period of acute disease as well as the
downward tendency in the period of remission. In the similar contrasting of ІL-10 indicators, a significant difference between them was traced (P < 0.05) in the acute period
and in the period of disease remission. In the similar contrasting of IgG indicators, a downward tendency was traced in the period of acute disease and significant decrease
(P < 0.05) – in the period of disease remission. In the contrasting of 25(ОН)D and ІL-4, ІL-10 figures a strong reverse correlation relationship was traced. The therapeutic effect
of the administration of vitamin D3 medication in different doses in children with allergic diseases was traced.
Conclusions: The data obtained shows that in the treatment of children with bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis the complex therapy should include
vitamin D3 medications in different doses within a long-term course of treatment.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF LEPTOSPIROSIS MORBIDITY IN
IVANO-FRANKIVSK REGION (EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL
CHARACTERISTICS)
Authors: Pryshliak Oleksandra Ya. , Nikiforova Tetiana O. , Tylishchak Zoriana R. , Boichuk Oleksandr P. , Vaskul Nadiya V. , Kopchak Oksana V. , Protsyk Andriy L.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To perform a retrospective analysis of leptospirosis morbidity in Ivano-Frankivsk region, to give the etiological characteristics of leptospirosis according to clinicallaboratory
parameters, to determine the peculiarities of the course, prognostic features.
Materials and methods: Data of the State Enterprise “Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Laboratory Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, reports and abstracts of medical
records of the Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital for 2009-2018 were used. Clinical observation of patients, analysis of general-clinical, biochemical, and serological
indices were carried out.
Results: The leptospirosis morbidity in Ivano-Frankivsk region during 2009-2018 was higher than in general in Ukraine. Activation of foci of leptospirosis L. pomona and
grippotyphosa in 2009-2013, decrease of L. grippotyphosa and increase of L. pomona foci and “new” L. autumnalis, australis, bataviae, cynopteri in 2014-2018 were noted. The
emergence of leptospirosis L. autumnalis, which had a high virulence and caused a severe course, was noted.
Conclusions: The leptospirosis morbidity in the Ivano-Frankivsk region over the past 10 years has exceeded the incidence in Ukraine and varied within 0.62-2.2 per 100,000.
During the last 5 years, the serological structure has changed: L. pomona (27.7%) prevailed, L. grippotyphosa decreased (2.1%), L. bataviae and cynopteri, autumnalis increased
(by 8.5%). Seasonality is shifted in the autumn-winter period (November-February) (L. grippotyphosa, australis, pomona, canicola). According to forecasts, leptospirosis induced
by L. autumnalis was most adverse. Leptospiroses of serogroups L. australis, bataviae, cynopteri had a mild course, there were fewer complications.
THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET IN THE PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES – THE ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Wachuła Kamila , Furman Joanna , Łabuz-Roszak Beata
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Following a Mediterranean diet significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the study was to assess nutritional knowledge among adult residents of the Silesian Province on the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of cardiovascular and nervous system diseases. Material and methods: The study was conducted using an anonymous self-made questionnaire. 190 adults from the Silesian Province participated in the study. Results: The respondents had a good or sufficient level of knowledge on the Mediterranean diet. Respondents as the benefits of using the Mediterranean diet more often indicated a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular diseases than prevention of nervous system diseases. Conclusions: The inhabitants of Silesian Province have a fairly good level of knowledge on the preventive use of the Mediterranean diet. Public knowledge on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, as well as knowledge on the principles of the Mediterranean diet, and on the benefits of its use, can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and nervous system diseases.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PECULIARITIES OF CHILDREN’S
STATE WITH CHRONIC TONSILITIS ON TYPE 1 DIABETES
Authors: Gavrylenko Yurii V. , Laiko Andriy A. , Melnikov Oleg F. , Rudenko Lilia M. , Osadcha Tatiana M.
Published: October 2020

The aim: Improvement of early diagnostics quality and efficiency of chronic pharyngeal diseases (CPD) treatment in children with DM-1 by studying the clinical and laboratory
features of the disease course and complex therapy administration.
Materials and methods: A comprehensive examination of 707 children with diabetes mellitus-1, aged 3 to 18, was conducted, which determined clinical and laboratory
features of their state in the presence and absence of chronic tonsillitis (CT).
Results: Using microbiological and cytological examination of the palatine tonsils (PT) crypts, the leading role of microbial associations in the pathogenesis of HT in the
formation of immune inflammation was determined, their influence on the local immunity indices was defined. Significant disturbances of the microcirculatory bed (MCB) in
the presence of HT in children with DM-1, direct correlation between CPD and the presence of vascular glomeruli, changes in the retinal capillary structure (r = 0,332; p <0,05)
according to biomicroscopy bulbar conjunctiva (BMBC) data were determined. The study of psycho-emotional state in children with CT and DM-1 was conducted, along with
applied psycho-corrective program, which significantly reduces the manifestations of aggressiveness, aggression, and frustration reactions in them.
Сonclusions: A non-invasive complex of the study of PT state on changes of local immunity indices, microbiocenosis and cytological data for correction of CPD course was
developed, which allows to obtain faster compensation of CT and contributes to patients’ quality of life improvment.
ASSESSMENT OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR GENE POLYMORPHISM
(T-397C VARIANT) IN PATIENTS WITH PREMENSTRUAL
SYNDROME
Authors: Pakharenko Lyudmyla V. , Vorobii Volodymyr D. , Kurtash Nataliia Ya. , Kusa Olena M. , Kravchuk Inna V. , Zhurakivskyi Viktor M.
Published: October 2020

The aim: of the study is to determine the frequency of polymorphism of estrogen receptor gene ESR1 (T-397C variant) in patients with premenstrual syndrome.
Materials and methods: 50 women with diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome (the basic group) and 25 persons without it (the control group) were examined. Polymerase
chain reaction was used to study T-397C polymorphism of estrogen receptor gene ESR1.
Results: There was no significant difference in allele and genotype rates of ESR1 gene between persons with premenstrual syndrome and controls. TT genotype was determined
in 24.0 % women in the control group and 24 % of patients in basic group (OR=1.00, 95 % CI=0.32-3.08, p=1.00), TC genotype – in 52.0 % and 46.0 % of individuals respectively
(OR=0.79, 95 % CI=0.30-2.06, p=0.62), CC genotype – 24.0 % and 30.0 % of women respectively (OR=1.36, 95 % CI=0.45-4.07, p=0.59). Also, the frequency of T allele and
C allele was similar in individuals with pathology and healthy women. There was no significant difference in allele and genotype rates of T-397C variant of ESR1 gene between
patients with mild and severe forms of premenstrual syndrome and controls.
Conclusions: There is no association of T-397C polymorphic variant of estrogen receptor gene ESR1 with the development of premenstrual syndrome.
THE SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL HERITAGE OF DOCTOR
N.I. PIROGOV
Authors: Uvarkina Olena V. , Bieliaieva Olena M. , Skrypnykov Petro M. , Lysanets Yuliia V. , Shylkina Liudmyla M. , Khmil Tetiana A.
Published: October 2020

The aim: was to analyze the scientific and pedagogical heritage of N.I. Pirogov, which remains relevant in the modern medical and pedagogical community, and opens new
little-known pages of the scientific, pedagogical and medical activity of the doctor.
Materials and methods: The authors conducted a thorough analysis of scientific publications by N.I. Pirogov and papers devoted to his activity as a doctor, educator and
researcher using analytical, comparative and bibliosemantic methods.
Conclusions: The study suggested the new chronological boundaries in the scientific and educational heritage of N.I. Pirogov. The developed periodization accurately reflects
the beginning of his scientific and pedagogical path in medical education, specifically refers to the period of his work in Germany as a supervisor of professorial candidates
from 1862 to 1866, and the period of his participation in Sevastopol (Crimean) campaign and in the Franco-Prussian War, which was very important for the development of
military field surgery.
More Identities for Fibonacci and Lucas Octonions
Authors: IRMAK Nurettin , AÇIKEL Abdullah
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we give a new approach to obtain identities for Fibonacci Lucas octonions.    ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Presentación
Authors: Flores Galindo Alberto
Published: October 2020

Desde el siglo XVI hasta el siglo XX, desde la conquista española (o la invasión europea) hasta la actual Reforma Agraria, los movimientos campesinos han venido convulsionando periodicamente al área andina. En el Perú, en la mayoría de los casos, han sido sólo motines localizados en los que la espontaneidad dominante ha restado permanencia o efectividad al levantamiento. En otras ocasiones las revueltas se han propalado en toda una región. No han faltado tampoco los levantamientos de mayor envergadura que movilizando a grandes masas campesinas han cuestionado sustancialmente las estructuras dominantes en el agro peruano. Los movimientos campesinos manifiestan la protesta y la irritación que generan ordenamientos sociales que los campesinos consideran injustos; pero también, con el claro lenguaje de la praxis, muestran ciertas concepciones del mundo, los elementos de una determinada cultura, que alienta o posibilita esas rebeliones. De esta manera, los movimientos campesinos son un componente significativo del campesinado peruano y el estudio de esos acontecimientos, nos puede permitir acercarnos por otra vía al conocimiento de ese mismo campesinado.
Movimientos campesinos en la Sociedad Ganadera del Centro (1910-1950)
Authors: Rénique Gerardo
Published: October 2020

En este artículo intentaremos analizar las luchas y movimientos campesinos ocurridos en las haciendas de la Sociedad Ganadera del Centro, en el contexto de las modificaciones acaecidas en su estructura productiva, originadas en las variaciones de la economía lanera en las praderas alto-andinas de los Andes Centrales.
Andahuaylas, 1974: Un movimiento de reivindicación campesina dentro del proceso de reforma agraria
Authors: Palomino Abdón
Published: October 2020

En el segundo semestre de 1974, cuando la reforma agraria en acatamiento del DL 17716 se hallaba en acelerada aplicación y cuando el reformismo de la provincia de Andahuylas, departamento de Apurímac, organizados en la Federación Provincial de Campesinos de Andahuylas (FEPCA), frustrados en esperar vanamente el advenimiento de la reforma agraria, tomaban la iniciativa de invadir las haciendas y expulsar a los terratenientes. Varios son los hechos políticos en cuyo contexto se ubica la movilización campesina de Andahuaylas: la expropiación de diairos de circulación nacional, que agudiza la ya tirante relación entre el Gobierno Militar y los sectores de la derecha peruana, la activación de los movimientos populares y el montaje de la Confederación Nacional Agraria (CNA), como instancia de mediación entre los campesinos beneficiarios de la reforma agraria y el Gobierno.
La Gran Industria Capitalista y el Mercado Interno
Authors: López Mas Julio
Published: October 2020

El crecimiento de la actividad industrial urbana se percibe en primer lugar por su participación en el Producto Nacional Bruto (PNB). Los primeros datos de confianza nos señalan una participación del 13 0/0 del PNB para la industria en 1942, 21 años más tarde 17.6 0/0. Es importante señalar que mientras la participación de la agricultura es descendente, la de la industria progresa. Lo mismo sucede en la distribución económicamente activa. El auge de la industria es el reflejo de la ampliación del mercado interno pero a su vez favoreció del valor de las exposiciones.
La Expansión del Latifundio en el Altiplano Boliviano
Authors: Rivera Cusicanqui Silvia
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo es una elaboración preliminar de los datos obtenidos en una investigación realizada en Bolivia entre marzo y octubre de 1977. Antes de entrar en tema, expondremos brevemente los principales cambios operados en la estructura económica del país, centrándonos en el período 1870-1920. Luego expondremos algunas hipótesis en torno a la "articulación" entre feudalismo y capitalismo. En lo que constituye el meollo del trabajo, analizaremos los procesos de expropiación de la propiedad comunal que se dieron entre 1866-1869 y 1881-1920, deteniéndonos en la composición social del sector terrateniente y en la peculiar estructura de sus intereses económicos, para finalmente, arribar a algunas conclusiones tentativas.
¿Friegan los Cóndores?
Authors: Martos Marco
Published: October 2020

Han pasado exactamente sesenta años desde que Ernesto More en el prólogo de su libro de poesía Hésperos (1918) anunció la posibilidad de una poesía "andinista" que plasmara literariamente el diálogo entre hombres y naturaleza en la sierra peruana. En el texto quedaba implícito un deslinde teórico con el modernismo a través del deseo expreso de no perderse en "el polvo, las costumbres y la gloria del imperio inca". El nombre propuesto por More no ha hecho fortuna todavía, pero la voluntad andinista como tendencia y no tanto como escuela literaria está presente en una buena porción de los escritores más valiosos del país.
La situación del campesinado andino y las decisiones de política económica
Authors: Caballero José María
Published: October 2020

El tema es demasiado complejo como para pretender abarcarlo en su conjunto. Me limitaré en este trabajo a señalar: (1) algunas de las causas principales que explican el persistente estado de atraso y pobreza del campesinado andino; y (2) las decisiones políticas cruciales de las que depende el mantenimiento o cambio de esta situación. No trataré de la agricultura de los países de la subregión andina en general sino del campesinado indígena del área propiamente cordillerana. La cuestión de la reforma agraria y de los latifundios será tratada sólo tangencialmente; la argumentación se centrará sobre el campesinado parcelario independiente o agrupado en comunidades.
Primer Seminario sobre agricultura y alimentación (conclusiones)
Authors: Allpanchis Revista
Published: October 2020

Con el auspicio de la Fundación Friedrich Ebert y de la Fundación para el Desarrollo Nacional Proyecto SINEA, el Programa Académico de Ciencias Sociales de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú organizó el Primer Seminario sobre Agricultura y Alimentación. Durante tres días (del 10 al 13 de octubre) más de cien especialistas escogidos por su versación y/o experiencia práctica en el tema, procedentes de organismos públicos, universidades, centros de investigación e instituciones internacionales, trabajando concentrados en Chaclacayo 10 horas cada jornada, escucharon quince ponencias, las discutieron y comentaron.
Hidráulica agrícola prehispánica
Authors: Ravines Rogger , Solar La Cruz Félix
Published: October 2020

En el Perú prehispánico la agricultura fue indiscutiblemente una de las principales actividades productivas y la tierra el factor determinante de su articulación socio-económica. En los varios milenios que significa el proceso de la cultura andina, el antiguo peruano desarrolló una serie de procedimientos técnicos, entre los destinados al uso y manejo eficientes de la tierra y el agua. Desde la emergencia de las primeras sociedades complejas, en todo el territorio andino se encuentran evidencias de obras hidráulicas destinadas tanto a la defensa de las márgenes de los ríos (evitar sus quiebres, desviaciones o inundaciones), como a encauzar sus aguas, conservarlas o almacenarlas en represas.
La correspondencia de José Carlos Mariátegui a Jauja
Authors: Arroyo Posadas Moisés
Published: October 2020

De diversas procedencias se solicita el testimonio de quienes participamos en los orígenes del movimiento social en el Perú. Particular interés tienen los científicos alemanes, italianos, latino-americanos en el general en la vida y obra de José Carlos Mariátegui. La correspondencia del Amauta con Jauja durante los años 1927 al 30 se ha mantenido inédita, aunque yola entregué a sus hijos, a sus partidarios y a un escritor argentino durante mi permanencia en el Cusco. Fue el recordado estadista cubano Juan Marinello quien me pidió con más urgencia mi testimonio.
Acerca de la historia militar inca
Authors: Espinoza Soriano Waldemar
Published: October 2020

The history of the Inca civilization has proven to be one of the most attractive subjects for social scientists and scholars in general, from Peru and from all parts of the world, and since the sixteenth century when the Spanish intervened and destructured it. . Four hundred and fifty years have passed and the facts show and persuade that this situation will continue the same for many more decades. The foundations that preserve the inalterability of this extraordinary interest have been and are economic, social, political, legal and ideological structures and superstructures, which made possible the emergence and operation of an imposing imperial-type state apparatus, but without breaking down or exterminating thousands of of village communities, called ayllus, whose collective ownership of their lands and reciprocal help persisted controlled, directed and protected by a minority of princes residing in Cusco.
Relación entre Pastores y Agricultores
Authors: Concha Contreras Juan de Dios
Published: October 2020

En Antabamba y Aymaraes, cuando llega la época de los viaje a partir de Pascua (marzo-abril), los pastores realizan primero la ceremonia previa de la t'inka de las llamas viajeras u orqo llamkuna. En esta ceremonia del orqo llama t'inka, un día antes del viaje, el pastor ofrece alcanzo a cada apu, es decir, da ofrendas a todos los apu importantes que se encuentran a lo largo del camino por donde ha de viajar, hasta llegar al pueblo al que se dirige. En esta ceremonia, suplican con todo fervor religioso a los apukuna, que no les suceda nada malo durante el viaje, que las llamas no se pierdan, no se cansen ni mueran, que el "llamero" tampoco se enferme, en fin, todo lo negativo que pudiera suceder en el viaje.
La Alpaca en el Mito y el Ritual
Authors: Gow David , Gow Rosalinda
Published: October 2020

Cualquiera que haya vivido durante algún tiempo en las partes altas de los Andes, donde las alpacas son parte importante de la economía campesina, poco a poco se da cuenta que ellas también juegan un papel importante en varios mitos y rituales. Eso no causa sorpresa cuando se recuerda que las influencias externas, especialmente las del campo tecnológico son muy ligeras. La gente vive todavía allí, en contacto muy estrecho con la naturaleza, en la cual el hombre y sus alpacas son parte del mismo mundo empírico y espiritual, en el que tanto el hombre como las alpacas proceden de la misma fuente y están gobernados por los mismos poderes sobrenaturales. El presente artículo describe y analiza algunos de los mitos y rituales asociados con las alpacas, la relación entre las alpacas y las deidades indígenas a la luz que estos mitos y rituales puedan dar una diea sobre la cosmología andina.
Introducción
Authors: Urbano Henrique Osvaldo
Published: October 2020

En sus casi diez años de existencia ALLPANCHIS PHUTURINQA consagró muchos numerosos estudios etnográficos a los ritos y rituales andnos. Hoy les dedica otra edición a fin de subrayar algunos aspectos ignorados o menos estudiados de la cuestión. En ese sentido deben ser leídas las páginas que consagramos a la etnohistoria y a la sobrevivencia de ciertos ritos incaicos más allá del movimiento de "extirpación de la idolatrías". De la misma manera, queremos insistir sobre la necesidad urgente de encarar la realidad andina partiendo de su propia historia y no únicamente de alguna noción más o menos abstracta, más o menos teórica, por legítima que sea. No podemos comprender cabalmente los ritos y rituales andinos si los separamos del contexto global donde ellos nacieron, de las razones que los hacen perdurar y hasta de los motivos que decretaron su extinción.
La Capacocha
Authors: Duviols Pierre
Published: October 2020

Los manuales o tratados sobre civilización incaca no mencionan generalmente los ritos de capacocha, quizá porque no existe sobre este tema ninguna monografía que haya recogido los datos dispersos en las fuentes etnohistóricas. Sin embargo vale la pena examinar detenidamente esta cuestión. Uno se da cuenta de que la capacocha fue una de las ceremonias más solemnes de la vida incaica y en la que intervenían el mayor número de individuos de todo el "imperio". Todavía 89 años después de la Conquista, poblaciones muy alejadas del Cusco conservaban la memoria de lo que había sido. Además, la reconstitución de los hechos hasta donde podemos llevarla -y el análisis- de su funcionamiento y fines, convence de que nos encontramos ante una de las instituciones más originales del Tawantinsuyu, especialmente significativa en cuanto a los mecanismos de reciprocidad política, social y económica puestos en juego y que, por lo tanto, nos ayuda a entender mejor aquellos mecanismos.
La constelación de la Llama en los Andes peruanos
Authors: Zuidema R. T. , Urton Gary
Published: October 2020

La descripción más sistemática de las constelaciones conocidas por los antiguos peruanos se encuentra en el capítulo 29 del Tratado Quechua sobre la religión y mitología del pueblo de San Damián de Checa, provincia de Huarochirí, editado por el padre Francisco de Ávila a fines del siglo XVI.
THE MAIN TENDENCIES OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION OF CITIES IN THE TRANS-BAIKAL TERRITORY
Authors: GUROVA Olga
Published: October 2020

In this paper, city-status settlements of the Trans-Baikal Territory are considered. The Trans-Baikal Territory is a territorial entity of the Russian Federation located in the south of Asian part of Russia. Cities of the Trans-Baikal Territory are economic and cultural centres of regions; they play an important role in development and support of the surrounding territory. In this paper, demographic, migration, social and economic conditions of the cities are reviewed. The analysis of conditions in cities has been performed on the basis of statistical data collected from the administrations of the cities of the region and other published statistical materials on the basis of a comparative geographical method, as well as a review of the literature. The generality of tendencies in the social and economic situation and regional peculiarities of cities are shown. In all cities of the region there is a decrease in the population. The paper concludes that, by now, the issue of migration loss is the strategically important development problem in the Trans-Baikal Territory.
REGIONAL DISPARITIES RELATED TO SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF AGRICULTURE IN THE ROMANIAN PLAIN
Authors: MOCANU Irena , GRIGORESCU Ines , MITRICĂ Bianca , POPOVICI Elena-Ana , DUMITRAȘCU Monica
Published: October 2020

The structure and pattern of agriculture in Romania has been facing significant changes over the past decades in relation to the contextual social, political and economic transformations. The current study is seeking to assess the determinants of agriculture in the main agricultural region of Romania (Romanian Plain) based on selected socio-economic factors. The authors selected nine socio-economic indicators (agricultural surface, labour renewal index, economic dependency index, economically active population, employment in agriculture, vitality index, share of young labour, share of female population and roads and railway density) which were aggregated into an index of socio-economic determinants of agriculture. Overall, the final index values revealed spatial differences which enabled a certain separation between the eastern, central and western parts of the Romanian Plain: socio-economic favourability for agriculture in the central and, to some extent, in the eastern parts and a significantly reduced favourability in the western area. The current research could become an important step for in-depth assessments of environmental and socio-economic determinants of agriculture, developing strategies and supporting policies at different spatial scales.
Matemática e africanidades no cotidiano e na escola: um estudo na Comunidade Quilombola Mussuca, em Sergipe
Authors: Tavares de França Evanilson , Lima Maria Batista
Published: October 2020

Objetivamos com o presente texto desenvolver reflexões/discussões acerca das percepções sobre matemáticaS[1] das/dos estudantes de uma Comunidade Remanescente de Quilombo (CRQ), a Mussuca, no espaço intra e extraescolar. Para tanto, lançamos mão de estratégias/procedimentos diversificados, através dos quais tornou-se possível a construção de pontes capazes de conduzir ao entendimento das mencionadas percepções. Cremos que, assim, será possível ressignificar as inter-relações entre a matemática e os sujeitos que com ela interagem, assim como poder-se-á contribuir para a implementação da Educação Escolar Quilombola.

 

Trata-se de um posicionamento político. Defendemos que a grafia dos nomes de disciplinas e/ou ciências construídas pelo pensamento ocidental moderno/colonial, com inicial maiúscula, exigiria de nós o mesmo comportamento diante da enormidade de práticas culturais experimentadas por outros grupos humanos, nos mais diversos recônditos do planeta. Uma atitude contrária reforça a colonialidade do poder, sobre a qual fala Quijano (2005). Sempre que pluralizarmos o vocábulo “matemática” destacaremos o “S” final com a pretensão de chamar a atenção para a multiplicidade de práticas culturais que envolvem propriedades de medição, comparação, contagem e outras que o pensamento ocidental moderno, que é colonial, definiu como aparatos da matemática.
The Effect of Increasing Rehabilitation Program Using Electric Stimulation On Rehabilitating Knee Joint Working Muscles Due to ACL Tear In Athletes
Authors: Kzar Fatimah Hameed , Kadhim Mohammed Jawad
Published: October 2020

The research aimed at designing a rehabilitation program using electric stimulation for rehabilitating knee joint working muscles as a result of ACL tear using an apparatus developed by the researchers that stimulate the muscle vibration and work as well as the ability to rehabilitate the join in shorter periods. In addition to that, it aimed at identifying the effect of this program on rehabilitating the knee joint working muscles. The researchers used the experimental method on Baghdad clubs’ players who suffer from complete knee joint ACL tear aged (19 – 24) years old. The results showed that the training program developed the working muscles significantly achieving normal levels of activity.
The Effect of Using S.A.M.R Model in Learning Trapping In Soccer for 2nd Grade Secondary School Students
Authors: Selman Jafar Redha , Sebhan Maythem Habeeb
Published: October 2020

The research aimed to using Substitution, Augmentation, Modification and Redefinition Model S.A.M.R. on learning. The researchers used the experimental method on 2nd grade secondary school students from 3rd Al Kurk / ministry of education. The program was applied for 3 weeks with two sessions per week to conclude that using SAMR model facilitates learning. The results showed significant differences between pre and posttests results in favor of the experimental group in learning soccer trapping finally the researchers recommended using this model for learning other soccer skills.
Restricted Rubber Band Training and Skill Performance on Some Biomechanical Indicators and Performance Accuracy in Scoring in Youth Basketball
Authors: Shteeb Mazen Mahmoud , Jumma Ahmed Hadi
Published: October 2020

The research aimed at designing training with rubber bands for youth basketball players as well as identifying the effect of these training on some biomechanical indicators and scoring accuracy. The researchers hypothesized statistical differences between pre and posttests for biomechanical indicators and scoring accuracy in the subjects of the research. The research was applied on a sample of youth basketball players from the national center for gifted in basketball. The researchers conducted special physical tests and video typing to conclude biomechanical measurements of scoring. The experiment was applied for eight weeks with three training sessions per week. They concluded that there is a development in biomechanical indicators of scoring in the subjects under study as well as developing push force and strength of legs due to the training used.
Mechanical Energy and Its Relationship with Some Kinematical Variables and Scoring Accuracy Indicator in Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Jalal Nadhim Jabbar
Published: October 2020

The research aimed at identifying the mechanical, motor, and potential energy values as well as for kinematical variables, scoring accuracy indicator values in youth soccer players. In addition to that, the research aimed at identifying the relationship between the mechanical, motor, and potential energy values, kinematical variables, scoring accuracy indicator values in youth soccer players. The researcher used the descriptive method on (7) youth players from Newroz youth soccer club. He used (2) specialized video cameras for analyses and programing using Kinovea. He also conducted scoring accuracy to collect the data that was treated using SPSS. Five views were used from a total of six makings (35) for analyzing mechanical variables and scoring accuracy to conclude a relationship between mechanical, motor, and potential energy with many variables. Finally, he recommended that coaches should pay attention to mechanical and motion energy for their direct relationship with working muscle group development.
Lost before being recognized? A new species of the genus Ophisops (Squamata: Lacertidae) from Gujarat, India
Authors: Patel Harshil , Vyas Raju
Published: October 2020

A new species of the lacertid genus Ophisops is described based on a single female specimen from a plateau in the Dahod district, Gujarat state, western India. The new species is diagnosable by the following suite of characters: a small-sized Ophisops (adult, snout to vent length 40.8 mm); two frontonasals; prefrontals not in contact; enlarged tympanic scale absent; 30 scales around mid-body; 19 lamellae underneath the fourth toe; five chin shields, first two in contact medially; 15 gular scales between symphysis of chin shields and ventral plates; large mental scale, extending beyond second supralabial; females with 9 femoral pores on either side interrupted by three poreless scales. The new species, Ophisops agarwali sp. nov. is the fourth endemic species of reptile described in last 12 years from the state of Gujarat and highlights the rich and unique diversity of this understudied region. The single known specimen of the new species was collected nearly two decades ago and recent surveys by the authors at the type locality and surrounding areas failed to yield a surviving population which reflects the possibility that Ophisops agarwali sp. nov. may have been lost before any understanding could be gained about its existence or identity. The study emphasises dire need for proper taxonomic documentation of animals from poorly studied regions in India.
Experiencias de los alumnos sobre la aplicación del proceso enfermero en el área hospitalaria. Estudio cualitativo
Authors: Pecina Leyva Rosa María
Published: October 2020

Conocer las experiencias de los estudiantes de quinto semestre de la carrera de Licenciatura en Enfermería en la aplicación del proceso enfermero en el área hospitalaria. Material y métodos: Estudio cualitativo realizado en un hospital público de segundo nivel, con una población de 31 estudiantes con la que se alcanzó la saturación de datos. Se recolectó la información a través de técnicas como: Observación participante, entrevista semiestructurada y a través de un registro anecdótico de los cuidados proporcionados al paciente. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron a través de contenido temático utilizando el programa Atlas-Ti. Resultados: Las experiencias sobre la aplicación del proceso enfermero en el área hospitalaria en estudiantes de quinto semestre estuvieron limitadas porque hicieron falta conocimientos, organización del tiempo y experiencia en la aplicación de las diferentes etapas del proceso enfermero; además hubo exceso de actividades. Conclusiones: Las experiencias de los alumnos sobre la aplicación del proceso enfermero fueron regulares. Este resultado reduce la posibilidad de que el alumno, durante su formación y en su futura vida profesional, utilice esta herramienta científica como método de trabajo para brindar cuidado de enfermería, debido a la falta de conocimientos y de tiempo para realizar el proceso enfermero, y también debido al exceso de trabajo en los servicios.
Síndrome de Burnout en el personal docente de enfermería
Authors: Basset Machado Ihosvany , Estévez Ramos Rafael Antonio
Published: October 2020

El síndrome de Burnout ha sido definido como una respuesta a la estresante situación laboral crónica que se produce, principalmente, en el marco del mercado laboral de las profesiones que se centran en la prestación de servicios, no escapando de esta situación aquellos profesionales de la salud y, en específico, el personal docente que prepara continuamente a las futuras generaciones de la salud en escenarios educativos. El objetivo de estas profesiones es cuidar los intereses o satisfacer las necesidades del estudiante en cualquiera de los niveles docentes; también se caracterizan por el contacto directo con los alumnos. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una investigación documental acerca del índice del síndrome de Burnout en el personal docente. Se utilizó, para el conocimiento del mismo, la revisión de artículos relacionados con el tema.
Fenomenología como método de investigación: Una opción para el profesional de enfermería
Authors: Trejo Martínez Fernando
Published: October 2020

El profesional de enfermería necesita métodos de estudio que le permitan observar al ser humano como un ente indivisible, singular y único en el mundo, que vive, siente y percibe de manera individual y propia. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la fenomenología como método de investigación (una opción para el profesional de enfermería desde el punto de vista filosófico) y proporcionar elementos que le permitan realizar estudios de tipo cualitativo, ofreciendo una óptica diferente. Se explica cómo surge la fenomenología, sus preceptos, precursores, la visión que tuvieron para analizar las cosas (fenómenos) y el método de estudio que se desarrolló para enfocar su teoría y cómo ésta se fue adaptando a una nueva forma para llevar a cabo la investigación. Asimismo, se desarrolla este método para que los profesionales de la salud puedan comprender el comportamiento humano, aprovechando todos los recursos que se tienen para ofrecer un cuidado holístico.