bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРИХОДУ СОНЯЧНОЇ РАДІАЦІЇ НА СХИЛИ ПОРОДНИХ ВІДВАЛІВ ЯК ФАКТОРА ЛІСОРОСЛИНИХ УМОВ ЇХ ПОВЕРХНІ
Authors: Зубов Антон Олексійович , Зубов Олексій Ремович
Published: December 2022

Мета дослідження – визначення часових відмін елементів радіаційного балансу на схилах породних відвалів гірничодобувних підприємств залежно від їх експозиції та крутизни. Для досягнення цієї мети були вирішені завдання: встановити просторово-часові закономірності зміни інсоляції відвальних схилів як головного елемента прихідної частини їх радіаційного балансу; дати оцінку інсоляції схилів різної експозиції загалом за теплу пору року (вегетаційний період) та помісячно; зіставити інсоляцію схилів відвалів Донецького кам’яновугільного басейну та рівної місцевості в інших природно-кліматичних зонах Землі. Дослідження виконували на основі розробленої формули куту падіння сонячних променів на схили різної крутизни залежно від широти місцевості, дати та години дня, азимуту експозиції досліджуваної ділянки схилу. Відміною від подібних досліджень стало врахування послаблення прямої радіації при проходженні атмосфери за різного куту падіння сонячних променів на горизонтальну поверхню. На основі актинометричних вимірювань отримано формулу зниження прямої радіації відносно її максимального значення, яке має місце 22 червня опівдні. В результаті досліджень встановили, що добова інсоляція червневого дня, починаючи з азимуту експозиції схилу Аэ = 120° і до 230° є вищою ніж на плато (горизонтальній поверхні) до 7,2% на півдні. В усі інші місяці схили теж можуть інсолюватися краще за плато, але в певних межах експозиції: квітень при Ае від 97° до 262°, серпень – від 100° до 260°, травень – від 110° до 250°, липень – від 114° до 245°, вересень – при Ае від 90° до 265°. Найбільші відмінності інсоляції від плато мають місце у вересні – до +47%. Встановили, що в середньому за квітень-вересень на схилах крутістю 35° на широті 48° з експозицією проміж ПнЗх і ПнСх (Ае = 315–40°) надходження сонячної радіації аналогічне Заполяр’ю. На схилах з Ае = 45–110° і Ае = 250–315° інсольованість нижче, ніж на широті центру Донбасу (48°). А на схилах експозицій з Ае = 110–180° і 180–250° інсольованість вища, досягаючи на експозиції Пд (Ае = 180°) субтропічних значень. У червні та липні інсольованість тут набуває значення, якого немає навіть на тропіку. Встановлені відміни інсоляції на схилах відвалів істотно відбиваються на умовах зростання на них різних видів рослинності. Тому використання авторської методики визначення особливостей інсоляції схилів дозволить більш вірно підбирати состав деревних порід при залісненні відвалів з урахуванням їх посухостійкості та світлолюбності.
АДАПТИВНІСТЬ СЕРЕДНЬОРАННІХ ГІБРИДІВ СОНЯШНИКУ В УМОВАХ ПІВНІЧНО-СХІДНОГО ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Колосок Інна Олександрівна , Фу Юаньчжи
Published: December 2022

В Україні зосереджена значна частка світових посівних площ та валового виробництва соняшнику. На фоні тенденції до збільшення контрасту між погодними умовами окремих років спостерігається зростання попиту на уніфіковані генотипи з підвищеним рівнем адаптованості до комплексу агроекологічних умов середовища. Виникає необхідність удосконалення методів ідентифікації генотипів, обґрунтування підходів до вибору аналізуючого фону та показників оцінювання. Мета дослідження полягала у розробці підходів до ідентифікації гібридів соняшнику, оцінювання рівня їх адаптованості до агроекологічних умов північно-східного Лісостепу України. Матеріалом досліджень були 9 гібридів соняшнику різних груп стиглості, відібраних за результатами екологічних випробувань на полігоні Інституту СГПС НААН. Експериментальні дослідження проводили за схемою 3-х факторного польового досліду (сорт, густота посіву, норма добрив) на дослідному полі Сумського НАУ (2019–2021 рр.) Проаналізовано динаміку зміни показника урожайності залежно від норми мінеральних добрив. Розглянуті питання вибору оптимальних параметрів аналізуючого фону (Без добрив (фон); N45P45K45; N90P90K90) для оцінювання адаптивності в агроекологічних умовах зони вирощування. Встановлено, що найвищий рівень інформативності, щодо диференціації середньоранніх генотипів соняшнику за показником урожайності в умовах північно-східного Лісостепу забезпечує фон із внесенням мінеральних добрив нормою N45P45K45. При використанні такого аналізуючого фону створюються оптимальні умови для оцінювання гібридів соняшнику за показниками пластичності та стабільності. В умовах північно-східного Лісостепу саме використання такої норми мінеральних добрив дозволяє ефективно тестувати гібриди соняшнику за реакцією на густоту вегетації та погодні умови. Результати дисперсійного аналізу показали приблизно рівний вплив факторів генотипу (38,3%), густоти посіву (30,3%) та погодних умов (30,8 %) на зміну показників урожайності. Встановлено, що мінімальний рівень стресостійкості гібридів спостерігався при внесенні добрив в дозі N45P45K45. Близькі значення були відмічені у варіанті без використання добрив. Вказана норма добрив забезпечує підвищення рівня урожайності, проте не впливає на зміну рівня внутрішньовидової конкуренції у посіві.
АНАЛІЗ ВМІСТУ ВАЖКИХ МЕТАЛІВ У ВОДІ ТА М’ЯЗАХ КАРАСЯ СРІБЛЯСТОГО (CARASSIUS GIBELIO) РІЧКИ САМАРА ДНІПРОПЕТРОВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Машкова Кристина Андріївна , Шарамок Тетяна Сергіївна
Published: December 2022

В роботі висвітлено результати дослідження вмісту важких металів у воді р. Самара та у м’язах карася сріблястого як індикатора придатності водойми для рибогосподарської діяльності. Метою роботи було порівняти вміст важких металів у м’язах шестирічних особин карася сріблястого р. Самара та проаналізувати його взаємозв’язок з рівнем вмісту даних металів у воді. Басейн р. Самара екологічно є одним з найбільш напружених районів Дніпропетровської області. Високий рівень техногенного навантаження протягом тривалого часу викликав виснаження екосистеми водойми. Дослідження проводили в межах трьох точок з різним типом антропогенного навантаження. Перша точка – с. Хащове, де основним забруднювачем є сільськогосподарське підприємство. Друга точка – в межах м. Новомосковськ, де окрім житлово-комунальних служб забруднювачами є промислові підприємства та заклади відпочинку. В якості третьої дослідної точки було обрано ділянку поблизу с. Новоселівка, де розташовано два рекреаційні заклади. Влітку 2019 року проводився синхронний відбір проб води та риб. Об’єктом дослідження були шестирічні особини обох статей карася сріблястого (Carassiuss gibelio). Показники вмісту важких металів (свинцю, кадмію, цинку, міді, марганцю, нікелю та заліза) у воді р. Самара та м’язах карася сріблястого визначалися в акредитованих лабораторіях відповідно до загальноприйнятих методик методом атомно-абсорбційної спектрофотометрії на спектрофотометрі С 115 М1. Для визначення рівня біоакумуляції досліджуваних елементів обчислювали коефіцієнт накопичення важких металів в організмі риби. Аналіз результатів дослідження показав, що вода р. Самара відповідає СОУ-2006 для води рибогосподарського призначення майже за всіма показниками, окрім вмісту кадмію, міді та нікелю. За показником вмісту у воді цинку перевищення ГДК спостерігається лише у межах м. Новомосковськ, що можна пояснити інтенсивним розвитком промислової інфраструктури. Вміст важких металів у м’язах карася не виходив за межі норми.
ПРОСТОРОВА НЕОДНОРІДНІСТЬ СТРУКТУРНО-АГРЕГАТНОГО СКЛАДУ ҐРУНТІВ В МЕЖАХ ОКРЕМИХ АГРОЦЕНОЗІВ ЛІВОБЕРЕЖНОГО ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Пліско Ірина Владленівна , Куцова Карина Миколаївна
Published: December 2022

Висвітлено результати дослідження структурно-агрегатного складу неоднорідних за формою рельєфу земельних ділянок окремих агроценозів Лівобережного Лісостепу України. Посилення антропогенного впливу на грунти призводить до деформації, руйнування мікро- і макроагрегатів та відображається на ефективності землеробської діяльності, що актуалізує дослідження структурно-агрегатного складу орних грунтів та оцінки неоднорідності їх основних показників. Неоднорідність вмісту структурних фракцій агрегатів, в тому числі водостійких, досліджено ситовим методом у модифікації Н.І. Саввінова (ДСТУ 4744:2007) з використанням методів статистичного та геостатистичного аналізу даних. Проаналізовано вплив складових рельєфу та генетичної природи грунтів на неоднорідність структурно-агрегатного складу та водостійкість ґрунтових агрегатів. Виявлено, що у структурному складі ґрунтів Лівобережного Лісостепу України спостерігається переважання агрономічно цінних агрегатів. Мінливість висот місцевості, експозиція схилів і кутів їх нахилу характеризується тісними зв’язками із формуванням брилистої фракції, збільшення якої спостерігається разом із підвищенням висоти поверхні. Орографічна неоднорідність у просторі обумовлює диференціацію за стійкістю ґрунтових агрегатів дослідних агроценозів на різних глибинах. Збільшення крутизни схилу негативно відображається на формуванні та розподілі структурних елементів: у підніжжях та на увігнутих частинах схилу збільшується вміст водостійких агрегатів через акумуляцію раніше еродованого ґрунтового матеріалу. На відносно вирівняних частинах досліджених об’єктів зосереджені добре оструктурені грунти. Видовий склад ґрунтів є змінним на відносно невеликій відстані завдяки різній інтенсивності процесів акумуляції, що зумовлює територіальну мозаїку за структурно-агрегатним складом та вмістом водостійких агрегатів. Встановлено, що темно-сірі опідзолені ґрунти визначаються надмірною водостійкістю грунтів та, в деяких випадках, переважанням брилистої фракції, на відміну від чорноземів опідзолених зі сприятливими умовами та кращими показниками структурно-агрегатного складу.
Two species of montane redstarts (Myioborus) in Costa Rica differ in their elevational range shifts over four decades
Authors: Steinmetz Olivia , Parker Timothy
Published: December 2022

Tropical montane bird species may be vulnerable to climate change as they often have narrow elevational ranges that are expected to shift upslope in response to increasing temperatures. If highland endemics near mountaintops are forced upslope, these species may be especially at risk of local extinction. We investigated the elevational ranges of two species of montane cloud forest warblers, the Slate-throated Redstart (Myioborus miniatus) and the Collared Redstart (M. torquatus), in Costa Rica between 1980 and 2019. The Collared Redstart is a highland endemic that has been projected to go locally extinct from climate change. We examined 11,856 and 7,366 checklists from sites where the Slate-throated Redstart and the Collared Redstart, respectively, have been reported to eBird, a citizen science project managed by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. As expected, we found that the two species’ elevational ranges were different from each other but overlapped, with the Collared Redstart showing a peak rate of detection at an elevation about 750 m to 1,050 m higher than the Slate-throated Redstart. More important, only the Slate-throated Redstart showed a shift upward in its elevation of peak detection over time. This inconsistent response to climate change reinforces the growing evidence that the impacts of climate change on tropical montane bird species are complex and difficult to forecast. Continuing to study the elevational ranges of tropical montane bird species is vital for our understanding of these birds’ responses to climate change.
Mate preference in sympatric and allopatric darters (genus Etheostoma): comparative evidence for a sex effect in reinforcement
Authors: Héjja-Brichard Yseult , Renoult Julien , Mendelson Tamra
Published: December 2022

Reinforcement is the strengthening of preference for conspecific mates as a byproduct of selection against hybrids. A hypothesis of reinforcement predicts that populations evolving in sympatry will have greater preferences for conspecific over heterospecific mates as compared to allopatric populations. In animals, this pattern was demonstrated across the genus Drosophila, however, most empirical evidence for reinforcement comes from studies of two or only a few species. To infer general patterns requires broader comparative analyses. We therefore compared mate preferences in sympatric and allopatric species of darters (genus Etheostoma). We performed a meta-analysis of 15 studies, encompassing 20 species. As expected, we found stronger preferences for conspecifics over heterospecifics across studies, species, and sexes. We further found the classic signature of reinforcement, with sympatric species showing on average stronger preferences for conspecifics than allopatric species. This was especially true for females, consistent with the idea that mate choice might be more costly for females than males.
Nowe technologie w wybranych kontekstach wydawniczo-medialnych Ormian polskich na przykładzie działalności Fundacji Kultury i Dziedzictwa Ormian Polskich
Authors: Jędrzejewska Milena
Published: December 2022

The Armenian community has been present in Poland since the 14th century. Their activity has a constant impact on the development of Polish culture psychically and virtually speaking. The author refers to humanities and social scientific research methods. Based on her own research, she analyzes the publishing activities of the Foundation of Culture and Heritage of Polish Armenians. The Foundation focuses, among others on the digitization and other innovative methods of documents and artifacts.Contemporary flow of information allows to share various forms of publishing. New technologies play an increasingly important role in universal communication and social information.The Foundation of Culture and Heritage of Polish Armenians brings in new methods of documentation and preservation of material artifacts and non-material culture. The quantitative and qualitative state of the available materials clearly indicates the expanding area of documenting the Armenian heritage in Poland.
Dwa oblicza niemieckich bibliotekarzy w Polsce podczas okupacji 1939–1945
Authors: Mężyński, em. prof Andrzej
Published: December 2022

In 1940, on the initiative of the authorities of the General Government, the scientific libraries in the Warsaw. Krakow, Lublin and Lviv into a network of state libraries. This network was managed by the Central Library Board in Krakow under the direction of Gustav Abba and the supervision of the authorities in Berlin. To General Government, Berlin delegated a dozen German librarians who took up successive managerial positions in these libraries. The German library managers, although loyal functionaries of the Third Reich, undoubtedly protected the library collections totaling some 6 million volumes from dispersal, as well as preserving some 300 jobs for Polish librarians.
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR SHAPING SRI LANKA’S FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: Ranaweera Kodagoda Janaka
Published: December 2022

The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is taken as an example to describe the national interests, ends, means, and ways of the foreign policy analysis of the country. This analysis tries to identify the spectrums of foreign policy challenges currently faced by Sri Lanka today. The spectrum is based on national interests, national security, and the strategic environment (domestic and international) of Sri Lanka. The conceptual framework is based on Terry Deibel's strategic logic approach to the analysis of Sri Lanka's national strategy options. In the national interests, the means, and the ways of foreign policy that should be taken by Sri Lanka and assess how the above elements interact with each other in the foreign policy decision-making process. This paper further discusses external and internal actors, core issues, and strategic options available for Sri Lanka based on its, geostrategic location, national security, and national interest. Having understood that this paper discussed: National Strategy (Options) for shaping Sri Lanka’s Foreign Policy – Managing Domestic and International Challenges and Opportunities for the future.
INDONESIA’S NEW CAPITAL NUSANTARA: CONTEMPLATING IKN STRATEGIC DEFENCE AND INDONESIA – MALAYSIA BORDER DIPLOMACY
Authors: Alviani Adelia , Gusmiarti Ayu Dhiya , Putri Descenda Angelia , Hashmi Hassan Raza
Published: December 2022

The strategic benefits related to the newly selected capital city location are also dreaded by added challenges. On one hand, IKN is comparatively safer from natural disasters like being away from fault lines, earthquakes, storms, and floods; at the same time shifting the leadership of the country will also shift the centre of gravity to the new city exposing it to enhanced Mil and non-Mil threats. Therefore, this shifting of capital is also associated with the country’s Defence Forces’ development of new infrastructure and laying down renewed policies ensuring the defence of the newly built IKN and the government therein. While referring to the IKN as a new COG its security becomes an s national interest, which can be exploited by both Mil and non-Mil, actual and potential threats.
Biochemical and Histomorphometrical Analysis Of Hepatoprotective and Hypolipidemic Potential Of Combined Herbal Extract in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Amin MM , Mahmud MAA
Published: December 2022

Identical anti-diabetic effect-producing herbs (Syzygium cumini and Ficus racemosa) were administered in different doses for improved hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects. Experimental rats collected from icddr’b were divided into six treatment groups (control, diabetic control, standard drug, and combined herbal extracts of low, moderate, and high dose) and arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. The doses were- low (SC @ 100 mg/kg b.wt & FR @ 100 mg/kg b.wt); moderate (SC @ 300 mg/kg b.wt & FR @ 200 mg/kg b.wt) and high (SC @ 500 mg/kg b.wt & FR @ 250 mg/kg b.wt). After 30 days of experiment, blood was collected for biochemical assay and the liver was harvested for histopathologic and histomorphometric analysis. Elevated biochemical indices were significantly improved after low and moderate dose. Like biochemical parameters, histopathological abnormalities of diabetic liver were also restored within the normal range after herbal extract administration in a dose-dependent manner. Histomorphometric findings further corroborate biochemical and histological results with an increased number of healthy hepatocytes. However, high dose herbal extract did not improve these parameters satisfactorily. Collectively, these results indicated that among the three doses, moderate dose of combined extract had the best hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effect.
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2021) 25 (2) : 27-36
Media Pembelajaran Aksara Sunda Menggunakan Augmented Reality Berbasis Android
Authors: Hidayat Ahmad A , Sutedi Ade , Gunadhi Erwin
Published: December 2022

Media pembelajaran Aksara Sunda merupakan sistem pembelajaran dengan teknologi mobile berbasis android yang digunakan sebagai media pendukung pembelajaran Aksara Sunda. Proses pembelajaran di sekolah umumnya masih menggunakan buku, sehingga diperlukan media alternatif yang dapat menarik perhatian siswa dalam mempelajari tulisan, huruf, dan bentuk Aksara Sunda. Dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan media pembelajaran Aksara Sunda menggunakan Augmened Reality sebagai pendukung proses pembelajaran untuk kelas VII Sekolah Menengah Pertama yang dapat dijalankan pada perangkat berbasis Android. Metodologi pengembangan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Multimedia Development Life Cycle meliputi tahapan Concept, Desain, Material Collecting, Assembly, Testing, dan Distribution. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa aplikasi media pembelajaran untuk mempelajari cara menulis dan mengucapkan Aksara Sunda yang disertai dengan bentuk Augmented Reality (3D) yang disertai dengan video. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil survey diperoleh 93,6% yang menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan aplikasi Media Pembelajaran Aksara Sunda menggunakan Augmented Reality Berbasis Android ini bisa mendukung pembelajaran Aksara Sunda dengan baik.
Media Pembelajaran Menggunakan Teknologi Augmented Reality untuk Tanaman Daun Herbal
Authors: Latifah Ayu , Tresnawati Dewi , Sanjaya Hariyana
Published: December 2022

Tanaman daun herbal memiliki potensi untuk menjadi alternatif pengobatan dan peningkatan daya saing ekonomi nasional karena Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi. mengenal tanaman daun herbal merupakan salah satu materi pembelajaran yang diberikan kepada anak Sekolah Dasar yang terdapat pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Seiring dengan mengikuti perkembangan zaman, media untuk menyampaikan suatu informasi terus mengalami perkembangan dari waktu ke waktu, dari mulai dengan menggunakan buku, pembelajaran langsung dilapangan, video edukasi dan teknologi-teknologi terbaru lain yang baru dikemukakan salah satunya adalah dengan Augmented Reality. Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi Augmented Reality ini, dibuat penelitian yang ditujukan untuk membangun suatu media pembelajaran mengenal tanaman daun herbal secara interaktif yang untuk siswa kelas 4 Sekolah Dasar sebagai bahan bantu ajar di dalam kelas dalam memahami isi materi yang ada, Dengan dibuatnya penelitian ini, diharapkan mampu meningkatkan minat siswa dalam mempelajari tanaman daun herbal yang terdapat disekitar lingkungan mereka. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metodologi Research & Development yang terdiri dari tahapan analisis potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi desain, revisi desain, uji coba produk, revisi produk, uji coba  pemakaian, hasil produk dan publikasi produk. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini merupakan berupa produk aplikasi yang digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran pengenalan tanaman daun herbal untuk siswa Sekolah Dasar yang dikemas kedalam bentuk platform android untuk mengoperasikannya.
Sistem Informasi Geografis Pemetaan Lahan Garapan Serikat Petani Pasundan Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Nuraeni Fitri , Supriatna Asep Deddy , Bachtiar Amarullah
Published: December 2022

Dalam pelaksanaan Reforma Agraria saat ini, serikat tani harus mampu mengumpulkan dan mengkonsolidasikan data objek dan subjek Reforma Agraria yang akan diusulkan melalui percepatan Lokasi Prioritas Reforma Agraria (LPRA). Namun serikat tani yang tergabung di Serikat Petani Pasundan (SPP), dalam pengelolaan data objek dan subjeknya masih menggunakan pencatatan dikertas, sehingga data rentan hilang, minimnya dalam akses informasi mengenai lahan garapan dan sulitnya dalam melakukan survey lokasi. Oleh karena itu sistem informasi geografis menjadi hal yang dibutuhkan oleh Serikat Petani Pasundan Kabupaten Garut sebagai sumber informasi lahan garapan dan bahan usulan kelengkapan administratif Lokasi Prioritas Reforma Agraria (LPRA), pembangunan sistem ini menggunakan metodologi Rational Unified Process (RUP) dengan tahapan inception, elaboration, construction dan transition serta menggunakan pemodelan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Dengan adanya sistem informasi geografis pemetaan lahan garapan ini, pengelolaan data objek dan subjeknya di lingkungan serikat petani Pasundan Kabupaten Garut menjadi lebih baik dan dapat menjadi suatu  informasi yang cepat, tepat dan akurat.
Enhancing students’ learning creativities through the application of literacy learning model in the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) curriculum program
Authors: Rajagukguk Holmes , Nababan Juandi , Situmeang Lamhot
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the improvement of elementary students’ learning creativities during online learning through the application of the literacy learning model. Therefore, classroom action research (CAR) was applied in this study and practice, this study implemented two cycles in which one (1) cycle consisted of planning, action, observation and reflection. A test which consists of observing, asking, reasoning, trying and communicating elements was used to collect the data. As a result, this study indicates that there was a significant improvement in test results which only 47% of students passing in cycle one (1) and an increase to 94% in cycle two (2). Thus, the use of the literacy learning model is very much recommended to be implemented to enhance students' learning creativities during online learning.
Hedonism and Repurchase: Determining Value for Money and Repurchase Intentions in Shopping Malls
Authors: Khan Aimen Abbas , Abbas Bushra , Jabeen Asma , Syed Faheem Udin , Ali Ghaffar , Faisal Muhammad , Saleem Ahtasham
Published: December 2022

This research determines, how the customers intend on buying and how their perceptions of currency values are affecting their shopping experiences in Pakistan To do so, a questionnaire with a sample size of 360 respondents. To achieve the research objectives, a quantitative investigation was conducted. Information was gathered from malls and a few supermarkets in Multan. According to this study, a buyer’s repurchase represents found a key indicator of their status, amusement, idea, and level of satisfaction. The association between the study and the social value of the currency was found negative. However, no correlation was found between exploration and intention of purchase in the proposed study area. Furthermore, the outcome of this study showed that the value of the currency was positively influenced by repurchase objectives. This research presented novel perceptions on the nature of hedonism, repurchase intention, and the emergence of more engaging shopping strategies encouraging consumers to enjoy their goods in depth. Interventions of the study revealed an entertaining shopping mechanism with more valuable and happy footsteps. By providing a large variety of fresh things i.e., a greater selection of products, friendly sales employees, interesting shopping areas, regular access to shopping information, and a high level of service, it is recommended to boost the recreational and practical elements of shopping. The analysis showed the number of customers could steadily rise in future who repurchase the product.
The Relationship Between Clinical Motor and Communication Levels of Children with Cerebral Palsy, And Competencies From Parents' Perspectives
Authors: Aydın Onur , Ertunç Gönül , Ejraeı Nasim , Yıldız Özer Aysel
Published: December 2022

In this study, it was investigated whether there is a relationship between the clinical motor and communication levels of children with CP in terms of physiotherapy and the perceived competency levels from the parents' perspective. The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) was used for motor ability level; the Communication Function Classification System (CFCS) was preferred for communication level. The children’ communication levels from the parent's perspective were evaluated with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Katz Index was used for measuring the children' activities of daily living. A total of 110 children with CP (mean age: 6.74±3.48 years) and their caregivers participated in the study. Communication levels were good for 30.6% of the children, and motor levels were good for 27.9% of them. The mean activity of daily living was 9.11±8.52. The child's proficiency level, according to the perspective of the parents, was found to be 6.22±3.29 on average. Positive correlations were found between the level of child communication skills as perceived by the parents, the CFCS level (r = 0.770; p<0.001), GMFCS (r = 0.652; p<0.001) and the Katz scale (r = 0.636; p<0.001). Adherence to treatment and continuity to rehabilitation regularly are important in the physiotherapy and rehabilitation process of children with CP. At the end of our study, it was determined that there was a good correlation between the communication competency. Within the scope of education programs, training parents to follow the development of their children and increase their awareness can increase their treatment adherence.
Improving Intravenous Immunoglobulin Dosing in Autoimmune Neuropathies
Authors: Content Ed Net
Published: December 2022

This symposium took place on Monday 24th June 2019, as part of the 2019 Peripheral Nerve Society (PNS) Annual Meeting in Genoa, Italy. Immune-mediated neuropathies such as Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) are diverse inflammatory peripheral nerve disorders. International consensus guidelines recommend intravenous Ig (IVIG) as Level A for the treatment of GBS, CIDP, and MMN. Suggested induction doses of IVIG are 2 g/kg divided over 2–5 days, but maintenance doses are purposely less clearly defined and left up to the judgement of the clinician, depending upon the specific needs of the individual patient. Community-based neurologists treating patients with these rare inflammatory neuropathies may be unaware of optimal dosing regimens and patient response to treatment may therefore be inadequate. In this symposium, world-renowned experts in GBS, CIDP, and MMN shared their expertise and review of the literature to provide reasonable dosing regimens for neurologists who may rarely encounter these conditions.
Overcoming COVID-19 Misinformation: Lessons Learned at the Epicentre of the Outbreak in the USA
Authors: Policar Maurice , Madad Syra
Published: December 2022

THE COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the dire need to foster increased public confidence in mitigation and prevention strategies through more and better health literacy. More than 2 years into the worst public health crisis of the 21st century, we continue to be consumed by the most basic health questions: should I get tested for COVID-19, should I get vaccinated and boosted against COVID-19, and should I wear a mask? In many countries, the tension between personal freedoms and public good helps to fuel a global threat, with continued transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and its evolving, more infectious variants. This short essay discusses the negative effects of misinformation and disinformation, and shares recommendations based on lessons learned.
At Physiologically Relevant Concentrations, Valproic Acid and Lithium Carbonate Reduce Oxidative Stress in Human Astrocytoma Cells
Authors: Rodrigues Joana GC , Chichger Havovi
Published: December 2022

Background: The pathophysiology of bipolar disorder is largely unknown; however, recent studies have suggested that metabolic dysfunction, particularly at the mitochondrial level, may represent a previously unexplored pathway. Lithium carbonate, valproic acid, and a combination of these represent the mainstay of treatment for bipolar disorder; however, the mechanisms underpinning the drugs’ clinical efficacy are not well characterised. At present, such mechanistic studies use concentrations which widely differ from the known bioavailability, thus, there is a need to establish the effect of lithium carbonate, valproic acid, and combination therapy at physiologically relevant doses.

Methods: Human astrocytoma 1321N1 cells were treated for 4, 24, and 48 hours. The MTT method was used to detect cytotoxicity upon drug treatment. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was quantified by dichlorofluorescin diacetate fluorescence.

Results: Upon H2O2-induced cellular stress, cell viability was significantly reduced; however, lithium exhibited a protective effect. In the absence of the stressor, the drugs had no negative effect on 1321N1 cellular viability. All the drug treatments exhibited protection against H2O2-induced ROS accumulation with lithium, bringing it closer to the control baseline.

Conclusion: The findings contribute to the understanding of the drugs’ biological effects, particularly as oxidative stress reducers. Furthermore, it highlights the need for research using comparable physiologically relevant models. This may advance the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers and new research approaches to the diagnosis of bipolar disorder.
Social aspects of migration of Ukrainian youth in conditions of external threats
Authors: Khymenko Anastasiia
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the topic of emigration and internal migration of Ukrainian youth in conditions of external threats[1], namely the war in Ukraine from 2014 and from 24.02.2022 inclusive. Special attention is paid to sociological research on migration processes since the full-scale invasion of Russia, social aspects, causes and consequences.
BARRIERS PERCEIVED BY THE DENTISTS IN PROVIDING ORAL HEALTH CARE TO THE ELDERLY: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Werdiningsih Monika , Adiatman Melissa , Badruddin Iwany Amalliah
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Demographic population changes towards the aging population can impact dentists to provide oral health care. Oral health care needs and problems among the elderly differ from those in the general population. They require consideration and optimal treatment planning. In providing oral health care to the elderly, dentists may encounter various barriers, and it may become challenging for dentists to meet elderly needs and overcome their oral health problems. Review: Dentists perceive several factors as barriers and challenges in providing oral health care to the elderly, such as knowledge in geriatric dentistry, experience providing the treatment, complexity of treatment, practical barriers, and financial aspect, thus making dentists not sufficiently prepared to provide oral health care for the elderly. Conclusion: Barriers perceived by dentists in providing oral health care to the elderly need to be addressed to increase the readiness of dentists and overcome the barriers so they can provide oral health care optimally, meet the elderly needs, and overcome their oral health problems.
European Union Regulation on clinical trials and Regulation on medical devices: A common soil for future development
Authors: Rasi Guido , Mugelli Alessandro
Published: December 2022

The recent European Union (EU) Regulations on clinical trial on medicinal products (MPs) (2014/536) and on medical devices (MD) (2017/745) represent potential improvement for the European health system and may offer advantages to the citizens. As Regulations, they are immediately applicable in Member States overruling national laws, being an advantage for stakeholders (e.g. sponsors and investigators) and Europe becomes de facto one homogeneous place for research and development of medicines and medical devices. This perspective commentary focuses on the most relevant methodological and regulatory aspects of the recent Regulation on clinical trials for drug development and how it may indirectly impact on substance-based medical devices (SBMD). The article highlights the innovations associated with the 2017/745 Regulation, especially to the area of SBMD, which represent a novelty among MDs. Since SBMDs share some aspects of medicines, they will increasingly undergo research in the future related to the performance and safety claims, via post-marketing surveillance. Importantly, SBMD’s Consumers are rapidly increasing due to their usage to treat some common symptoms, which not necessarily need conventional medicines. “Frontiers in Drug Safety and Regulation” created a section to reflect this rapidly-changing scenario and host reports on SBMD in a scientific environment. This initiative is also a reflection of the recent regulation on SBMDs. Thus, the improvement of clinical research through the new EU Regulation on clinical trials may become useful also to the new requirements for SBMD. A novel editorial initiative will further contribute to implement the EU Regulation providing adequate scientific dissemination.
Experimental study on consolidation characteristics of deep clayey soil in a typical subsidence area of the North China Plain
Authors: Liu Fengjunnan , Qi Jianfeng , Guo Haipeng , Wang Yunlong , Guo Kaijie , Zang Xisheng
Published: December 2022

Land subsidence is an important environmental problem in the North China Plain (NCP). A typical subsidence area mainly located on adjoining areas of Beijing and Hebei provinces was selected to study the consolidation characteristics of deep clayey soil. Clay samples were collected from 14 boreholes at different depths, and the compression and consolidation behavior of the soil was analyzed by high-pressure oedometer tests. Results show that the deformation amount and deformation stabilization time in the primary consolidation stage increase with the load but decrease with the sampling depth. The nonlinear compression model of e-log(p) does not fit well for deep normally-consolidated clayey soil, the log(e+ec)–logp model fit the shallow clayey soil better than the deep clayey soil, and the hyperbolic model fits almost all soil samples well. Based on statistical theory, the soil consolidation equation CE_NCP was established for calculating the relationship between the degree of consolidation and the time factor in subsidence areas. The equations were fitted with the data obtained from high-pressure consolidation tests to obtain three parameters a, b and c, which are applied to the consolidation calculations for soil samples at depths of 0–100 m, 100–200 m, 200–300 m and 300–400 m, respectively. The applicability of CE_NCP equation was evaluated by comparing it to the analytical solution of Terzaghi’s consolidation equation, results showing that CE_NCP equation is more suitable for the calculation of the consolidation in the study area than the Terzaghi’s analytical solution. Eventually, the CE_NCP equation was successfully used to estimate the degree of consolidation in a subsidence area of Lang Fang City in the NCP.
Impacts of surface water interchange between urban rivers and fish ponds in Chu river of Nanjing, China: A potential cause of greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Liu Yi-Xuan , Abdela Kemal Adem , Tang Zhen-Ni , Yu Jie-Yu , Zhou Xu-Dong , Kumar Amit , Yu Zhi-Guo
Published: December 2022

Surface water interchange between aquaculture ponds and urban rivers is commonly used for the abatement of water pollution and regulating ecological services. Although, underlying impact of surface water interchange for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is yet to be explored. In this study, sediment microcosm incubation and field observation has been employed to understand the impact of surface water interchange on GHG potential over aquaculture ponds and urban rivers, and further characterize their underlying mechanism. Results showed that Fish pondinterchange (Pint) and Chu River riparian (CRR) exhibit a similar variation pattern of GHG emission rate. Consequently, annual accumulative emissions of methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide of CRR were 0.89, 2.1, and 20.83 folds than that of Pint, respectively. For the incubation experiment, primarily it was assessed that fish-pond-overlying water treatments had larger accumulative GHG emissions than deionized water treatments, which is in agreement with the field observation. Secondly, the process of surface water interchange altered the concentrations of nutrients in benthic sediment from both sites of CRR and Pint, thereby increased the GHG accumulative in the CRR and showing reciprocate results in case of Pint. This study could be helpful to reduce the potential GHG emissions from urban freshwater bodies in the future by adopting strategic mitigation measures like catchment area treatment plans in the vicinity of urban river catchment.
GWAS analysis to elucidate genetic composition underlying a photoperiod-insensitive rice population, North Korea
Authors: Jadamba Chuluuntsetseg , Vea Richie L. , Ryu Jung-Hoon , Paek Nam-Chon , Jang Su , Chin Joong Hyoun , Yoo Soo-Cheul
Published: December 2022

Heading date (Hd) is one of the main factors determining rice production and regional adaptation. To identify the genetic factors involved in the wide regional adaptability of rice, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 190 North Korean rice accessions selected for non-precocious flowering in the Philippines, a low-latitude region. Using both linear mixed models (LMM) and fixed and random model circulating probability unification (FarmCPU), we identified five significant loci for Hd in trials in 2018 and 2019. Among the five lead single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), three were located adjacent to the known Hd genes, Heading date 3a (Hd3a), Heading date 5 (Hd5), and GF14-c. In contrast, three SNPs were located in novel loci with minor effects on heading. Further GWAS analysis for photoperiod insensitivity (PS) revealed no significant genes associated with PS, supporting that this North Korean (NK) population is largely photoperiod-insensitive. Haplotyping analysis showed that more than 80% of the NK varieties harbored nonfunctional alleles of major Hd genes investigated, of which a nonfunctional allele of Heading date 1 (Hd1) was observed in 66% of the varieties. Geographical distribution analysis of Hd allele combination types showed that nonfunctional alleles of floral repressor Hd genes enabled rice cultivation in high-latitude regions. In contrast, Hd1 alleles largely contributed to the wide regional adaptation of rice varieties. In conclusion, an allelic combination of Hd genes is critical for rice cultivation across wide areas.
Bile acids as inflammatory mediators and modulators of intestinal permeability
Authors: Calzadilla Nathan , Comiskey Shane M. , Dudeja Pradeep K. , Saksena Seema , Gill Ravinder K. , Alrefai Waddah A.
Published: December 2022

Bile acids are critical for the digestion and absorption of lipids and fat-soluble vitamins; however, evidence continues to emerge supporting additional roles for bile acids as signaling molecules. After they are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver, primary bile acids are modified into secondary bile acids by gut flora contributing to a diverse pool and making the composition of bile acids highly sensitive to alterations in gut microbiota. Disturbances in bile acid homeostasis have been observed in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). In fact, a decrease in secondary bile acids was shown to occur because of IBD-associated dysbiosis. Further, the increase in luminal bile acids due to malabsorption in Crohn’s ileitis and ileal resection has been implicated in the induction of diarrhea and the exacerbation of inflammation. A causal link between bile acid signaling and intestinal inflammation has been recently suggested. With respect to potential mechanisms related to bile acids and IBD, several studies have provided strong evidence for direct effects of bile acids on intestinal permeability in porcine and rodent models as well as in humans. Interestingly, different bile acids were shown to exert distinct effects on the inflammatory response and intestinal permeability that require careful consideration. Such findings revealed a potential effect for changes in the relative abundance of different bile acids on the induction of inflammation by bile acids and the development of IBD. This review summarizes current knowledge about the roles for bile acids as inflammatory mediators and modulators of intestinal permeability mainly in the context of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Development and function of natural TCR+ CD8αα+ intraepithelial lymphocytes
Authors: Gui Yuanyuan , Cheng Hao , Zhou Jingyang , Xu Hao , Han Jiajia , Zhang Dunfang
Published: December 2022

The complexity of intestinal homeostasis results from the ability of the intestinal epithelium to absorb nutrients, harbor multiple external and internal antigens, and accommodate diverse immune cells. Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are a unique cell population embedded within the intestinal epithelial layer, contributing to the formation of the mucosal epithelial barrier and serving as a first-line defense against microbial invasion. TCRαβ+CD4-CD8αα+CD8αβ-and TCRγδ+CD4-CD8αα+CD8αβ-IELs are the two predominant subsets of natural IELs. These cells play an essential role in various intestinal diseases, such as infections and inflammatory diseases, and act as immune regulators in the gut. However, their developmental and functional patterns are extremely distinct, and the mechanisms underlying their development and migration to the intestine are not fully understood. One example is that Bcl-2 promotes the survival of thymic precursors of IELs. Mature TCRαβ+CD4-CD8αα+CD8αβ-IELs seem to be involved in immune regulation, while TCRγδ+CD4-CD8αα+CD8αβ-IELs might be involved in immune surveillance by promoting homeostasis of host microbiota, protecting and restoring the integrity of mucosal epithelium, inhibiting microbiota invasion, and limiting excessive inflammation. In this review, we elucidated and organized effectively the functions and development of these cells to guide future studies in this field. We also discussed key scientific questions that need to be addressed in this area.
The immunological role of mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Zheng Likun , Zhang Lei , Guo Yixuan , Xu Xintong , Liu Zhaoyun , Yan Zhenyu , Fu Rong
Published: December 2022

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a common hematological malignant disease, characterized by malignant hematopoietic stem cell proliferation in the bone marrow (BM); clinically, it mainly manifests clinically mainly by as pathological hematopoiesis, hemocytopenia, and high-risk transformation to acute leukemia. Several studies have shown that the BM microenvironment plays a critical role in the progression of MDS. In this study, we specifically evaluated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that exert immunomodulatory effects in the BM microenvironment. This immunomodulatory effect occurs through direct cell-cell contact and the secretion of soluble cytokines or micro vesicles. Several researchers have compared MSCs derived from healthy donors to low-risk MDS-associated bone mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and have found no significant abnormalities in the MDS-MSC phenotype; however, these cells have been observed to exhibit altered function, including a decline in osteoblastic function. This altered function may promote MDS progression. In patients with MDS, especially high-risk patients, MSCs in the BM microenvironment regulate immune cell function, such as that of T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), macrophages, and Treg cells, thereby enabling MDS-associated malignant cells to evade immune cell surveillance. Alterations in MDS-MSC function include genomic instability, microRNA production, histone modification, DNA methylation, and abnormal signal transduction and cytokine secretion.
Fibroblast growth factor 23 level modulates the hepatocyte’s alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein transcription through the inflammatory pathway TNFα/NFκB
Authors: Mattinzoli Deborah , Li Min , Castellano Giuseppe , Ikehata Masami , Armelloni Silvia , Elli Francesca Marta , Molinari Paolo , Tsugawa Koji , Alfieri Carlo Maria , Messa Piergiorgio
Published: December 2022

Introduction

High serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) characterize chronic kidney disease (CKD) since its early stages and have been suggested to contribute to inflammation and cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms linking FGF23 with these pathological conditions remain still incompletely defined. The alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG), a liver-produced anti-inflammatory cytokine, is highly modulated by inflammation itself, also through the TNFα/NFκB signaling pathway. In our previous study, we found that FGF23 modulates the production of AHSG in the liver in a bimodal way, with stimulation and inhibition at moderately and highly increased FGF23 concentrations, respectively.

Methods

The present study, aiming to gain further insights into this bimodal behavior, was performed in hepatocyte human cells line (HepG2), using the following methods: immunochemistry, western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), qRT-PCR, and gene SANGER sequencing.

Results

We found that FGF23 at 400 pg/ml activates nuclear translocation of NFκB, possibly increasing AHSG transcription. At variance, at 1,200 pg/ml, FGF23 inactivates NFκB through the activation of two specific NFκB inhibitors (IκBα and NKIRAS2) and induces its detachment from the AHSG promoter, reducing AHSG transcription.

Conclusion

These results add another piece to the puzzle of FGF23 involvement in the multifold interactions between CKD, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease, suggesting the involvement of the NFκB pathway, which might represent a potential therapeutic target in CKD.