bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Respiratory Failure in Patients with COVID-19 and Multiple Myeloma
Authors:   Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Specialist Program, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia Indonesia, Santoso Slamet Hadi , Fatoni Arie Zainul ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Indonesia Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Background: Cancer patients have higher risk of getting COVID-19. Individuals with malignancy who infected COVID-19 often underwent prolonged hospitalization or death. Here, we report respiratory failure management of of COVID-19 patient with multiple myeloma (MM). Case: A 66-year-old man came with complaints of shortness of breath. The patient was intubated and treated in the intensive care COVID. Patients with a history of multiple myeloma and who have chemotherapy cycle. The laboratory results showed an increase in markers of inflammation, hypoalbuminemia, and bicytopenia. The results of the polymerase chain reaction swab were positive. There are 4 managements in this patient, airway management: intubation and ventilator settings using the Lung Protective Strategy principle. Management Breathing: administration of antibiotics according to sputum culture results. Circulation Management: Fluid management using a non-invasive Contractility Index (ICON) monitor. Management of Disability: Spontaneous Awakening Trial (SAT) and Spontaneous Breathing Trial (SBT) when the aggravating disease has been handled. Conclusion: Management of respiratory failure in patients with multiple myeloma and COVID-19 infection is primarily focused on supportive care such as airway management, breathing management, fluid management and disability management.
Difficult Airway Management in Pediatric Patient with Neck Contracture
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University,Central Java, Indonesia Indonesia, Pramono Pradipta Arief , Dewi Fitri Hapsari ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University,Central Java, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Background: A specific airway evaluation and physical examination should be performed in all pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia. Pediatric difficult airway problems can occur due to congenital, inflammation, trauma, or malignant disorders. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is an alternative breathing device for difficult airway cases. Case: We reported a 5-year-old girl, 12 kg of weight, with a diagnosis of Colli region contracture planned for contracture release. Physical examination revealed glasgow coma scale score 15, with a pulse of 98 beats per minute, a breath rate of 22 times per minute and SpO2 of 98% on the room air. In the airway evaluation, it was found that the lower mouth was pulled down by the contracture tissue, 2-fingers-wide of mouth opening, the mallampati score was difficult to evaluate, there was no obstruction and neck motion was limited due to contractures. In this report, intubation via video laryngoscope was failed due to the severely restricted neck motion caused by the contracture. The use of LMA became an alternative difficult airway management in this patient after failed intubation with a video laryngoscope. Conclusion: Preoperative evaluation for assessing and evaluating difficult airway in pediatric patients greatly determines the success of airway management. The use of airway devices such as LMA is still very helpful in cases of pediatric difficult airway.
Epidural Anesthesia Management in Cesarean Section with Placenta Accreta
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta, Medical Faculty Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia Indonesia, Ihsaniar Aura , Anggoro Pandu ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta, Medical Faculty Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Background: In pregnant women, the spectrum of placenta accreta is considered a high risk syndrome. Placenta accreta is responsible for 7-10% of all maternal deaths worldwide. This study reports on a patient with placenta accreta who underwent a cesarean section using epidural anesthesia. Case: A 30-year-old woman (Gravida: 3, Abortus: 1, Partus: 1) with a gestational age of 8 months came to the hospital. with 8 months of gestation was diagnosed with antepartum hemorrhage et causa placenta previa totalis morbidly adherent placenta high risk with planned elective cesarean section with bilateral tubectomy to hysterectomy, Double J (DJ) stent, Ballooning using epidural anesthesia with physical American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) II status. Local anesthetic with 2% lidocaine 2 ml, 12 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine given in incremental doses of 4 ml every 5 minutes while monitoring the patient's hemodynamics. Intraoperative drugs consist of intravenous (IV) dexamethasone 5 mg IV, ondansetron 8 mg IV, tranexamic acid 1 gram, paracetamol 1 gram IV, bupivacaine 0.5% 3ml every 1 hour via an epidural catheter. Maintenance using O2 3 lpm. The operation lasted 450 minutes, with stable outcome both maternal and fetal. Conclusion: Anesthesia management in patients with bleeding during labor is very important. In this case, epidural anesthesia provide a good outcome in maternal and fetal after cesarean section in placenta accreta patient.
Microbial Agents in Terrorism, Biomarkers, and Public Health Challenges
Authors:   Federal University of Lafia, Nigeria, Orole Olukayode , Chuku Aleruchi , Olawuyi Kayode , Mantu Eno , Philips Alexander , Okoli Chukwuma
Published: March 2023

Bioterrorism agents are mostly microorganisms with the capacity to deal explosive and lethal harm to humans, animals, and food crops. These microorganisms spread in the form of gases, whole organisms, or products of secondary metabolism of microorganisms. Classification of the agents is into three categories based on the ease of dissemination and end effects on a living population. While most health institutions are equipped to take care of sick people and treat suspected cases of infections, these institutions lack basic means of identifying bioterrorism acts. Special diagnostic equipment to identify causal organisms or agents is not available. Lack of training on what to do when terrorists strike using biological agents can cumulatively increase the lethal effects of such agents. Molecular techniques of identifying microorganisms to species level are as promising as they are time-consuming, while technical expertise and a conducive environment for managing such equipment are mostly not available in the African setting. The governments in Africa as a matter of urgency should provide an atmosphere where the teaming population of people without jobs are employed, while hospitals are adequately equipped, and training of health workers on what to do immediately after cases of terrorism are reported. The review highlights these agents and the diagnostic tools necessary to facilitate early response to bioterrorism.
Habilidades socioemocionais e inclusão: O caso da licencianda Tétis
Authors: Andrade Joanna Angélica Melo de , Pagan Alice Alexandre
Published: March 2023

As Habilidades Socioemocionais (HSE) capacitam os discentes para torná-los autônomos e protagonistas de suas próprias aprendizagens. Quando direcionadas numa perspectiva inclusiva, dentro da educação superior, elas podem auxiliar os alunos com deficiência durante seu processo de inclusão e formação. Embora elas não devam significar diminuição das responsabilidades institucionais, se mostram potencialmente protetivas à inclusão quando tais instituições são omissas. Diante disso, nosso objetivo foi compreender as possíveis contribuições das HSE de uma licencianda do curso de Biologia com deficiência auditiva e visual durante seu processo de inclusão acadêmica. Para isso, optamos por uma abordagem qualitativa, através do método de estudo de caso, utilizando como instrumento de coleta a entrevista semiestruturada, com aplicação da análise textual discursiva para o tratamento dos dados. As entrevistas foram aplicadas à aluna, à mãe dela, à intérprete de LIBRAS (Língua Brasileira de Sinais) e a uma professora da graduação, que foi indicada pela discente. A análise mostrou, que durante a vida acadêmica, a licencianda tem tido aprendizado socioemocional principalmente nos campos da extroversão e da abertura a novas experiências, ampliando também habilidades ligadas à conscienciosidade, com especial influência positiva da intérprete e negativa de alguns colegas do curso. Consideramos que esta investigação ainda é inicial e destacamos a necessidade de que pesquisas futuras possam abordar tais temáticas, apresentando as suas relações de forma mais ampla.
Numerical solution for MHD flow and heat transfer of Maxwell fluid over a stretching sheet
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Arts, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Salah Faisal , Alqarni A. ,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Arts, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2023

In this article, the numerical solutions for the flow of heat transfer for an incompressible Maxwell fluid on a stretching sheet channel are presented in this study. By applying appropriate transformations, the system of governing partial differential equations is transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations. A successive linearization method (SLM) is used to describe and solve the resulting nonlinear equations numerically using MATLAB software. The main goal of this paper is to compare the results of solving the velocity and temperature equations in the presence of β1 changes through SLM for introducing it as a precise and appropriate method for solving nonlinear differential equations. Tables with the numerical results are created for comparison. This contrast is important because it shows how precisely the successive linearization method can resolve a set of nonlinear differential equations. Non-Newtonian parameters on the flow field, like mixed convection, Hartman, Deborah, and Prandtl numbers, are explored and illustrated graphically. Apart from that, a great deal of agreement has been seen between the current results and the published data that have been evaluated and compared in a limited way.
Digital Intervention Barriers Scale–7 (DIBS-7): Development, Evaluation, and Preliminary Validation
Authors: Ramos Giovanni , Montoya Amanda Kay , Hammons Hayley Renee , Smith Danielle , Chavira Denise April , Rith-Najarian Leslie Rose
Published: March 2023

Background

The translation of mental health services into digital formats, deemed digital mental health interventions (DMHIs), has the potential to address long-standing obstacles to accessing care. However, DMHIs have barriers of their own that impact enrollment, adherence, and attrition in these programs. Unlike in traditional face-to-face therapy, there is a paucity of standardized and validated measures of barriers in DMHIs.

Objective

In this study, we describe the preliminary development and evaluation of such a scale, the Digital Intervention Barriers Scale-7 (DIBS-7).

Methods

Following an iterative QUAN → QUAL mixed methods approach, item generation was guided by qualitative analysis of feedback from participants (n=259) who completed a DMHI trial for anxiety and depression and identified barriers related to self-motivation, ease of use, acceptability, and comprehension of tasks. Item refinement was achieved through DMHI expert review. A final item pool was administered to 559 treatment completers (mean age 23.02 years; 438/559, 78.4% female; 374/559, 69.9% racially or ethnically minoritized). Exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were estimated to determine the psychometric properties of the measure. Finally, criterion-related validity was examined by estimating partial correlations between the DIBS-7 mean score and constructs related to treatment engagement in DMHIs.

Results

Statistical analyses estimated a 7-item unidimensional scale with high internal consistency (α=.82, ω=0.89). Preliminary criterion-related validity was supported by significant partial correlations between the DIBS-7 mean score and treatment expectations (pr=–0.25), number of modules with activity (pr=–0.55), number of weekly check-ins (pr=–0.28), and treatment satisfaction (pr=–0.71).

Conclusions

Overall, these results provide preliminary support for the use of the DIBS-7 as a potentially useful short scale for clinicians and researchers interested in measuring an important variable often associated with treatment adherence and outcomes in DMHIs.
Mediating Role of Treatment Perceptions in the Relationship Between Individual Characteristics and Engagement With a Digital Psychological Intervention for Pediatric Chronic Pain: Secondary Data Analysis
Authors: de la Vega Rocio , Palermo Tonya M
Published: March 2023

Background

Engagement predicts benefits from self-managed treatments. However, engagement is an important concern in digital interventions, with over 50% of patients being nonadherent to interventions in chronic conditions such as chronic pain. Little is known about the individual characteristics that contribute to engagement with a digital self-management treatment.

Objective

This study tested the mediating role of treatment perceptions (difficulty and helpfulness) in the association between individual baseline characteristics (treatment expectancies and readiness to change) and treatment engagement (online and offline) with a digital psychological intervention for adolescents with chronic pain.

Methods

A secondary data analysis of a single-arm trial of Web-based Management of Adolescent Pain, a self-guided internet intervention developed for the management of chronic pain in adolescents, was conducted. Survey data were collected at baseline (T1), midtreatment (ie, 4 weeks after the treatment started; T2), and post treatment (T3). Online engagement was assessed using back-end information on the number of days adolescents accessed the treatment website, while the offline engagement was assessed with the reported frequency of use of skills (ie, pain management strategies) learned at the end of the treatment. Four parallel multiple mediator linear regression models, using ordinary least square regression incorporating the variables were tested.

Results

In total, 85 adolescents with chronic pain (12-17 years old, 77% female) participated. Several mediation models were significant in predicting online engagement. A significant indirect effect was found for the path expectancies–helpfulness–online engagement (effect 0.125; SE 0.098; 95% CI 0.013-0.389) and for the path precontemplation–helpfulness–online engagement (effect −1.027; SE 0.650; 95% CI −2.518 to −0.054). Fourteen percent of the variance of online engagement was explained by the model including expectancies as a predictor (F3=3.521; P<.05), whereas 15% was explained by the model where readiness to change was the predictor (F3=3.934; P<.05). Offline engagement was partially explained in the model including readiness to change as the predictor but with marginal significance (F3=2.719; R2=0.111; P=.05).

Conclusions

Treatment perception, specifically, perceived helpfulness, was a mediator of the pathway between both treatment expectancies and readiness to change and online engagement with a digital psychological intervention for chronic pain. Assessing these variables at baseline and midtreatment may help to determine the risk of nonadherence. Further work is needed to confirm these mediation pathways in larger samples.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04043962; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04043962
Step Count, Self-reported Physical Activity, and Predicted 5-Year Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Shapira-Daniels Ayelet , Kornej Jelena , Spartano Nicole L , Wang Xuzhi , Zhang Yuankai , Pathiravasan Chathurangi H , Liu Chunyu , Trinquart Ludovic , Borrelli Belinda , McManus David D , Murabito Joanne M , Benjamin Emelia J , Lin Honghuang
Published: March 2023

Background

Physical inactivity is a known risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). Wearable devices, such as smartwatches, present an opportunity to investigate the relation between daily step count and AF risk.

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between daily step count and the predicted 5-year risk of AF.

Methods

Participants from the electronic Framingham Heart Study used an Apple smartwatch. Individuals with diagnosed AF were excluded. Daily step count, watch wear time (hours and days), and self-reported physical activity data were collected. Individuals’ 5-year risk of AF was estimated, using the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE)–AF score. The relation between daily step count and predicted 5-year AF risk was examined via linear regression, adjusting for age, sex, and wear time. Secondary analyses examined effect modification by sex and obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2), as well as the relation between self-reported physical activity and predicted 5-year AF risk.

Results

We examined 923 electronic Framingham Heart Study participants (age: mean 53, SD 9 years; female: n=563, 61%) who had a median daily step count of 7227 (IQR 5699-8970). Most participants (n=823, 89.2%) had a <2.5% CHARGE-AF risk. Every 1000 steps were associated with a 0.08% lower CHARGE-AF risk (P<.001). A stronger association was observed in men and individuals with obesity. In contrast, self-reported physical activity was not associated with CHARGE-AF risk.

Conclusions

Higher daily step counts were associated with a lower predicted 5-year risk of AF, and this relation was stronger in men and participants with obesity. The utility of a wearable daily step counter for AF risk reduction merits further investigation.
Validation of the Attitudes Towards Psychological Online Interventions Questionnaire Among Black Americans: Cross-cultural Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Authors: Ellis Donovan Michael , Anderson Page Lyn
Published: March 2023

Background

Acceptability of digital mental health interventions is a significant predictor of treatment-seeking behavior and engagement. However, acceptability has been conceptualized and operationalized in various ways, which decreases measurement precision and leads to heterogeneous conclusions about acceptability. Standardized self-report measures of acceptability have been developed, which have the potential to ameliorate these problems, but none have demonstrated evidence for validation among Black communities, which limits our understanding of attitudes toward these interventions among racially minoritized groups with well-documented barriers to mental health treatment.

Objective

This study aims to examine the psychometric validity and reliability of one of the first and most widely used measures of acceptability, the Attitudes Towards Psychological Online Interventions Questionnaire, among a Black American sample.

Methods

Participants (N=254) were recruited from a large southeastern university and the surrounding metropolitan area and completed the self-report measure via a web-based survey. A confirmatory factor analysis using mean and variance adjusted weighted least squares estimation was conducted to examine the validity of the underlying hierarchical 4-factor structure proposed by the original authors of the scale. An alternative, hierarchical 2-factor structure model and bifactor model were examined for comparative fit.

Results

The findings indicated that the bifactor model demonstrated a superior fit (comparative fit index=0.96, Tucker-Lewis index=0.94, standardized root mean squared residual=0.03, and root mean square error of approximation=0.09) compared with both 2- and 4-factor hierarchical structure models.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that, within a Black American sample, there may be greater utility in interpreting the Attitudes Towards Psychological Online Interventions Questionnaire subscales as attitudinal constructs that are distinct from the global acceptability factor. The theoretical and practical implications for culturally responsive measurements were explored.
Geolocation Patterns, Wi-Fi Connectivity Rates, and Psychiatric Symptoms Among Urban Homeless Youth: Mixed Methods Study Using Self-report and Smartphone Data
Authors: Ilyas Yousaf , Hassanbeigi Daryani Shahrzad , Kiriella Dona , Pachwicewicz Paul , Boley Randy A , Reyes Karen M , Smith Dale L , Zalta Alyson K , Schueller Stephen M , Karnik Niranjan S , Stiles-Shields Colleen
Published: March 2023

Background

Despite significant research done on youth experiencing homelessness, few studies have examined movement patterns and digital habits in this population. Examining these digital behaviors may provide useful data to design new digital health intervention models for youth experiencing homelessness. Specifically, passive data collection (data collected without extra steps for a user) may provide insights into lived experience and user needs without putting an additional burden on youth experiencing homelessness to inform digital health intervention design.

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore patterns of mobile phone Wi-Fi usage and GPS location movement among youth experiencing homelessness. Additionally, we further examined the relationship between usage and location as correlated with depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.

Methods

A total of 35 adolescent and young adult participants were recruited from the general community of youth experiencing homelessness for a mobile intervention study that included installing a sensor data acquisition app (Purple Robot) for up to 6 months. Of these participants, 19 had sufficient passive data to conduct analyses. At baseline, participants completed self-reported measures for depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]) and PTSD (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 [PCL-5]). Behavioral features were developed and extracted from phone location and usage data.

Results

Almost all participants (18/19, 95%) used private networks for most of their noncellular connectivity. Greater Wi-Fi usage was associated with a higher PCL-5 score (P=.006). Greater location entropy, representing the amount of variability in time spent across identified clusters, was also associated with higher severity in both PCL-5 (P=.007) and PHQ-9 (P=.045) scores.

Conclusions

Location and Wi-Fi usage both demonstrated associations with PTSD symptoms, while only location was associated with depression symptom severity. While further research needs to be conducted to establish the consistency of these findings, they suggest that the digital patterns of youth experiencing homelessness offer insights that could be used to tailor digital interventions.
Identifying and Addressing Barriers and Facilitators for the Implementation of Internet of Things in Distributed Care: Protocol for a Case Study (Preprint)
Authors: Palm Klas , Kronlid Carl , Brantnell Anders , Elf Marie , Borg Johan
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

 The internet of things (IoT) is recognized as a valuable approach to supporting health care to achieve quality and person-centered care. This study aims to identify the facilitators and barriers associated with implementing IoT solutions in health care within a Scandinavian context. It addresses the pressing need to adapt health care systems to the demographic changes occurring in Scandinavia. The vision of “Vision eHealth 2025,” a long-term strategic direction for digitalization in Sweden, serves as the background for this project. The implementation of IoT solutions is a crucial aspect of achieving the vision’s goal of making Sweden a global leader in using digitalization and eHealth opportunities by 2025. IoT is recognized as a valuable approach to supporting health care to achieve quality and person-centered care. Previous research has shown that there is a gap in our understanding of social and organizational challenges related to IoT and that the implementation and introduction of new technology in health care is often problematic.

OBJECTIVE

 In this study, we will identify facilitating and hindering factors for the implementation of IoT solutions in social and health care.

METHODS

 We will use an explorative design with a case study approach. The data collection will comprise questionnaires and qualitative interviews. Also, a literature review will be conducted at the start of the project. Thus, quantitative and qualitative data will be collected concurrently and integrated into a convergent mixed methods approach.

RESULTS

 As of June 2023, data for the review and 22 interviews with the stakeholders have been performed. The co-design with stakeholders will be performed in the fall of 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

 This study represents a unique and innovative opportunity to gain new knowledge relevant and useful for future implementation of new technology at health care organizations so they can continue to offer high-quality, person-centered care. The outcomes of this research will contribute to a better understanding of the conditions necessary to implement and fully use the potential of IoT solutions. By developing cocreated implementation strategies, the study seeks to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Ultimately, this project aims to facilitate the adoption of IoT solutions in health care for promoting improved patient care and using technology to meet the evolving needs of health care.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/44562
The Effect of Catgut Embedding at Acupoints Versus Nonacupoints in Abdominal Obesity: Protocol for a Multicenter, Double-Blind, 16-Week Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Li Qifu , Huang Gaoyangzi , Pei Xianmei , Tang Xin , Zhang Renrui , Huang Ya , Liu Zili , Yi Rong , Xing Chonghui , Zhang Xinghe , Guo Taipin
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Obesity is an increasing problem worldwide. The effective treatments for obesity mainly include diet, physical activity, behavioral intervention, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery, which all have certain limitations. As a specific type of acupuncture therapy, acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) has gained substantial attention in the management of obesity in recent years. Previous studies suggested that ACE may be an effective obesity treatment. However, the evidence for the efficacy of ACE in abdominal obesity (AO) remains inadequate due to the paucity of high-quality studies.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the difference in the effectiveness of catgut embedding at acupoints and catgut embedding at nonacupoints in patients with AO and to further validate the efficacy and safety of ACE for AO.

METHODS

This is a multicenter, double-blind, 16-week randomized controlled trial. A total of 92 eligible participants with AO will be randomly divided into 2 groups (1:1 allocation ratio). The ACE group will receive catgut embedding at acupoints and the control group will receive catgut embedding at nonacupoints. The intervention will be performed every 2 weeks for a total of 6 sessions. Follow-up will be performed every 2 weeks for a total of 2 visits. The primary outcome is waist circumference. Secondary outcomes include body weight, BMI, hip circumference, and the visual analog scale of appetite. Upon the completion of the trial, we will evaluate the effect of catgut embedding at acupoints or nonacupoints on obesity indicators in patients with AO. For treatment outcomes, an intention-to-treat analysis will be performed.

RESULTS

The start of recruitment began in August 2019 and is expected to end in September 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

Although studies have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of ACE in the treatment of obesity, the evidence for the efficacy of ACE in AO remains insufficient due to the quality of the studies. This rigorous normative randomized controlled trial will verify the effect of catgut embedding at acupoints or nonacupoints in patients with AO. The findings will provide credible evidence as to whether ACE is an effective and safe treatment for AO.

CLINICALTRIAL

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1800016947; https://tinyurl.com/2p82257p

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/46863
Investigating COVID-19’s Impact on Mental Health: Trend and Thematic Analysis of Reddit Users’ Discourse (Preprint)
Authors: Zhu Jianfeng , Yalamanchi Neha , Jin Ruoming , Kenne Deric R , Phan NhatHai
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in heightened levels of depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues due to sudden changes in daily life, such as economic stress, social isolation, and educational irregularity. Accurately assessing emotional and behavioral changes in response to the pandemic can be challenging, but it is essential to understand the evolving emotions, themes, and discussions surrounding the impact of COVID-19 on mental health.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to understand the evolving emotions and themes associated with the impact of COVID-19 on mental health support groups (eg, r/Depression and r/Anxiety) on Reddit (Reddit Inc) during the initial phase and after the peak of the pandemic using natural language processing techniques and statistical methods.

METHODS

This study used data from the r/Depression and r/Anxiety Reddit communities, which consisted of posts contributed by 351,409 distinct users over a period spanning from 2019 to 2022. Topic modeling and Word2Vec embedding models were used to identify key terms associated with the targeted themes within the data set. A range of trend and thematic analysis techniques, including time-to-event analysis, heat map analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis, and k-means clustering analysis, were used to analyze the data.

RESULTS

The time-to-event analysis revealed that the first 28 days following a major event could be considered a critical window for mental health concerns to become more prominent. The theme trend analysis revealed key themes such as economic stress, social stress, suicide, and substance use, with varying trends and impacts in each community. The factor analysis highlighted pandemic-related stress, economic concerns, and social factors as primary themes during the analyzed period. Regression analysis showed that economic stress consistently demonstrated the strongest association with the suicide theme, whereas the substance theme had a notable association in both data sets. Finally, the k-means clustering analysis showed that in r/Depression, the number of posts related to the “depression, anxiety, and medication” cluster decreased after 2020, whereas the “social relationships and friendship” cluster showed a steady decrease. In r/Anxiety, the “general anxiety and feelings of unease” cluster peaked in April 2020 and remained high, whereas the “physical symptoms of anxiety” cluster showed a slight increase.

CONCLUSIONS

This study sheds light on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and the related themes discussed in 2 web-based communities during the pandemic. The results offer valuable insights for developing targeted interventions and policies to support individuals and communities in similar crises.

CLINICALTRIAL
Using Natural Language Processing to Identify Social Support Needs Among African American and Hispanic Family Caregivers for Persons with Dementia (Preprint)
Authors: Yoon Sunmoo , Davis Nicole J , Moise Nathalie , Kronish Ian M. , Alcantara Carmela , Broadwell Peter , Nho Joo Young , Mittelman Mary
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Older African and Hispanic Americans are disproportionately more likely than older White Americans to have dementia.

OBJECTIVE

To assess social support needs among African American and Hispanic dementia caregivers to establish a foundation that can inform designs for culturally sensitive social support interventions.

METHODS

Design: This mixed-methods study applied natural language processing (NLP) on qualitative data.
Setting: Academic medical center in New York
Participants: Volunteer sample of seven experts participated together in the series of in-depth expert panels. The four dementia caregivers were recruited from the dementia caregiver registry, as well as via flyers posted within and outside of the institution. Health professionals were recruited from Columbia University Irving Medical Center. Eligible caregivers included those who had been a primary family dementia caregiver for at least three years, spoke English or Spanish, and used text messaging. Eligible professionals included those with at least 5 years of experience and publication on dementia caregiving. An eligible health communication specialist included one with a degree in health literacy.

RESULTS

A total of 72 topics (38 needs, 34 strategies, 2,322 terms) were identified through the NLP process: 1) 21 topics regarding disease, medication and communication from the information support corpus (coherence: 0.470, 38.77%); 2) 20 topics regarding care coordination and social services from the instrumental support corpus (coherence: 0.513, 23.97%); 3) 21 topics regarding psychological distress and copying from the emotional support corpus (coherence: 0.509, 21.25%); 4) 9 topics regarding self-evaluations on caregiving from the appraisal support corpus (coherence: 0.461, 15.99%).

CONCLUSIONS

This study is among the first to use NLP on qualitative data gathered from expert panels. New findings on unmet needs include for providers to disclose disease prognosis, to understand cultural norms on seizure treatment as a result of side effect of donepezil, and to familiarize with culturally sensitive terminologies and routine medications for dementia to reduce distrust.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT03865498
Synthetic analogues of podophillotoxin and their antimitotic activities
Authors:   Maharani’s Science College for Women, Mysuru, Karnataka (India), B. SADASHIVAMURTHY. , C. DAKSHAYINI. ,   Maharani’s Science College for Women, Mysuru, Karnataka (India), ANTONY PRAGASAM ,   Maharani’s Science College for Women, Mysuru, Karnataka (India)
Published: March 2023

Podophyllotoxin finds a lot of scopes in pharmaceutical field as it show wide biological activities. Several analogues of podophyllotoxin were reported variety of biological activities such as cathartic, cytotoxic, antimitotic, anticancer, antitropical skin disease, antimalarial, virucidal, fungicidal etc. Experiment was carried out to synthesize 6, 6a-dihydro-2, 3-dimethoxy-9-methyl-11bH benzo [c] fluoren - 5, 7 dione and Synthesis of 6, 6a-dihydro-3-methoxy-2, 9-dimethyl-11 bH benzo [c] fluoren - 5, 7 dione. The products were re-crystallized in ethanol and characterized by spectrometric methods, IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy. A yield of 82.72 and 83.6 percent were recorded respectively. The anti-mitotic activities of the synthesized analogues were examined by the onion root tip method with reference to b- apopicropodophyllin and Podophyllotoxin. In the present work, the synthetic analogues D and E have shown increased anti-mitotic activities with ID50 of 2.005 x 10-6 M and 2.260 x 10-6M respectively with reference to standard and control
Predicting Operating Train Delays into New York City using Random Forest Regression and XGBoost Regres-sion Models
Authors: Wiese Thomas
Published: March 2023

The Long Island Railroad operates one of the largest commuter rail networks in the U.S.[1]. This study uses data which includes the location and arrival time of trains based on onboard GPS position and other internal sources. This paper analyzes the GPS position of the train to gain insight into potential gaps in on time performance and train operations. This was done by developing a Random Forest Re-gression model [2] and an XGBoost regression model [3[. Both models prove to be useful to make such predictions and should be used to help railroads to prepare and adjust their operations.
Revolution in IoT with 5G Network
Authors: Kadus Shubhangi G. , Wabale Sagar S.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Day by day Internet of Things (IoT) is gaining a huge popularity. With increase in popularity the technological advancement is required to fulfil its high data rate demand. The IoT devices will become primary need to next generation. The latest development of devices will build smaller but smart devices in field of IoT. With increase in demand of smart devices IoT architecture will become more complex. The 5G network will fulfil the need to these complex architectures. The 5G networks are expected to massively expand today’s IoT that can boost cellular operations, IoT security, and network challenges and drive the Internet future to the edge. This paper will review the revolution in IoT with introduction of 5G network along with its concept, use cases and security concerns.
The impact of firm based organizational citizenship behavior on continuance and normative commitment among pharmaceutical executives: An SEM approach
Authors:   Department of Business Management Faculty of Management Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration Faculty of Pharmacy Obafemi Awolowo University, Osun, Nigeria, Oamen Theophilus Ehidiamen
Published: March 2023

Aim/purpose – The study was based on social exchange theory and addressed the effects of firm-based organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) on normative and con- tinuance organizational commitment (OC). Multigroup behavioral differences among pharmaceutical executives were also evaluated. Design/methodology/approach – This study employed an empirical, explanatory cross- -sectional study with online questionnaires administered to four hundred and one randomly selected pharmaceutical executives in Nigeria. The covariance-based structural equation modeling technique was used for testing hypotheses. Firm-based OCB domains – conscientiousness, sportsmanship, and civic virtue were regressed on OC domains of continuance, and normative. The hypothesized effects of firm-based OCB on the domains of OC were examined using Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). Findings – The structural model had acceptable fit measures. Conscientiousness and sportsmanship behaviors were negatively related to normative OC while civic virtue had a positive significant relationship with normative OC. Multigroup comparisons based on gender, profession, and type of organization revealed significant effects on the relations between civic virtue and normative OC. Employees highly vested with enhancing and representing their company’s image, tend to be more obligated to continue and remain with the organization. The more self-directed, and less-complaining employees are, the lower the tendency to remain with the organization. The nuances of group differences among employees had an impact on examined relationships. Research implications – Human resource managers should adequately stimulate and motivate employees to be ambassadors of the organization. This is achievable by instil- ling a sense of ownership and loyalty in employees. Further implications are discussed. Originality/value/contribution – The study disentangled the relations between OCB and OC in the context of pharmaceutical executives in a developing country. The study highlighted the essence of group-specific differences in behavioral evaluation among pharmaceutical executives. Keywords: organizational citizenship behavior, normative commitment, continuance com- mitment, pharmaceutical industry, structural equation modeling, social exchange theory. JEL Classification: C38, D21, D23
Conversion, the Trend of Real Estate Development
Authors:   Konkuk Research Institute of Real Estate and Urban Studies, Ahn Ye-Ji , Yang Sung-Mo
Published: March 2023

‘Hillstate Beomgye Station Mobius’, which started in January 2017, is a representative case of conversion. The former Pyeongchon NC Department Store, located in the central commercial district, was converted to residential use and the development project was carried out. ‘Turn-to-Residence’, a good example of current real estate trends, serves as a manual for conversion development that will occur in the future by carefully dealing with the process of resolving problems caused by change of use. This study specifically discussed what kind of urban problems the project can contribute to and additional considerations for other uses that can achieve the effect of urban regeneration.
El emprendimiento de base tecnológica y su punto de encuentro con la convergencia tecnocientífica: una revisión a partir del algoritmo Tree of Science
Authors: Benavides-Sánchez Edward Andrés , Castro-Ruíz Camilo Andrés , Brand Narváez Miguel Angel
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo tuvo como propósito presentar los resultados de una revisión sistemática que busca caracterizar el desarrollo del emprendimiento de base tecnológica (EBT) y su contribución en la evolución de la perspectiva tecnocientífica de la convergencia de la nanotecnología, la biotecnología, la infotecnología y la cognotecnología (NBIC). El análisis se orientó a partir del uso del algoritmo SAP Tree of Science, encaminado al procesamiento de referencias de los documentos sistematizados. Para ello, se revisó la literatura de sesenta y nueve artículos publicados entre 2000-2021 en la colección principal de Web of Science con los índices Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) y Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI). Los documentos más relevantes dieron cuenta de cómo las universidades se convierten en el catalizador entre estudiantes emprendedores, docentes, investigadores e inversionistas que trabajan mancomunadamente en el desarrollo de proyectos de alto valor con elevados niveles de especialización. El punto de encuentro con la convergencia tecnocientífica se observa en la necesidad de equipos de trabajo multidisciplinarios, integración de redes de trabajo colaborativo y financiación en las etapas de su desarrollo. Asimismo, la unión entre ciencia y negocios se acelera en la medida que se disminuye el tiempo entre la innovación y el impacto empresarial. Se concluye que la educación se convierte en la principal estrategia de transferencia de tecnología que conecta a los emprendedores con las tecnologías de la convergencia debido al requerimiento de altos niveles de conocimiento especializado.
Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para auxílio do ensino-aprendizagem dos métodos numéricos
Authors: Silva Gislandya Suelly Bandeira , Epifanio Mileno Alexandre Barbosa , Sá Gabriel Caldas Barros e
Published: March 2023

No Brasil, alunos de 15 a 16 anos possuem média de conhecimento abaixo do nível 2 em matemática, o que posiciona o país em 58º lugar entre os 65 analisados, refletindo também a dificuldade de alunos de universidades em cursos de ciências exatas. O uso de ferramentas computacionais pode ajudar professores e alunos a obter melhores resultados, principalmente na área de análise numérica. Com base nisso, esta produção acadêmica visa desenvolver uma toolbox, denominada "Toolbox Raízes das funções", que pode realizar o processo de resolução de questões utilizando os métodos de Newton-Raphson, Secante e Bisseção, que consiga demonstrar passo a passo da solução e gráfico do método, além de ser totalmente desenvolvido em português, visando auxiliar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem em cursos de análise numérica. A toolbox foi disponibilizada para todos os usuários no MATLAB Central File Exchange.
Autonomia se Ensina?
Authors: Canto Filho Alberto Bastos
Published: March 2023

Embora a autonomia seja uma competência citada em grande parte dos Projetos Pedagógicos de Cursos de Engenharia, raramente se encontra qualquer referência à forma como esta competência é desenvolvida ao longo do curso. Centrados no domínio cognitivo, os Planos de Ensino sequer citam os objetivos, métodos e sistema de avaliação que são utilizados para desenvolver as habilidades e atitudes que, juntamente com o conhecimento, irão compor esta competência. Neste artigo é apresentada a metodologia utilizada para desenvolver e avaliar a autonomia de estudantes de um tradicional Curso de Engenharia brasileiro. Descreve-se a evolução da atividade Aprendizagem Autônoma, criada com o objetivo de desenvolver a autonomia. O estudo mostra que há uma relação entre a autonomia e os resultados obtidos no domínio cognitivo.
Elaboração de jogos educacionais para a construção de conhecimentos matemáticos
Authors: Barros Nascimento Josevandro , Fernanda da Silva Patrícia , Cristine Silva Vanessa , Soares Fabrício
Published: March 2023

Neste artigo é apresentada a proposição do uso de recurso tecnológico, especificamente na produção de um jogo digital com o software Scratch, para auxiliar no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem de conteúdo do componente curricular de Matemática. Procura refletir sobre os conceitos do pensamento computacional, bem como, sobre o ensino de probabilidade conforme a BNCC. O Scratch servirá para desenvolver a programação do jogo digital, de forma que a Matemática dos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental faça parte deste processo. A proposta permite trabalhar a linguagem de programação como um meio para representar e desenvolver as concepções dos estudantes perante conteúdo da Matemática que em grande parte das vezes são considerados complexos. Por fim, espera-se que o uso da ferramenta Scratch e das aplicações criadas com ela, tornem-se um facilitador de ensino e de aprendizagem, possibilitando que os conceitos abordados em salas de aula possam ser significativos e melhor compreendidos
Biotic interactions among temperate rainforest trees are non-additive and environmentally dependent
Authors: Lai Hao Ran , Bellingham Peter , McCarthy James , Richardson Sarah , Wiser Susan , Stouffer Daniel
Published: March 2023

1. Species performance in the realised niche is jointly shaped by both abiotic and biotic processes. Moreover, interactions between and within abiotic and biotic processes generate non-additivities, resulting in density dependence that varies in strength or even direction across environments. If ignored, these non-additivities can lead to inaccurate predictions of species responses to changes in environment and community composition.

2. There are increasing empirical efforts to test the constancy of pairwise biotic interactions along environmental and compositional gradients, but rarely along both. We address this gap using nationwide forest inventory data that span broad ambient temperature and moisture gradients throughout New Zealand.

3. We analysed tree diameter growth of six focal tree species as a function of neighbour densities and climate, while accounting for potential abiotic and biotic non-additivities arising from neighbour × climate and neighbour × neighbour statistical interactions, respectively. We kept the large number of parameters manageable using Bayesian shrinkage priors and interpretable using average predictive comparisons.

4. We found that the most complex model—featuring biotic interactions that changed with climate and higher-order interactions with intermediary species—had the highest predictive accuracy of tree diameter growth. Compared to climate, biotic interactions typically had stronger effects on tree diameter growth, especially when they were subjected to non-additivities from local climate and the density of a third species. Most non-additivities tended to weakly exacerbate pairwise competition, whereas the few strong non-additivities tended to alleviate pairwise competition or even produce pairwise facilitation.

5. Synthesis: Our study highlights the importance of the interplay between abiotic and biotic processes when predicting how biotic interactions may structure communities under global change. When quantifying the relative importance of biotic and abiotic processes on species performance, we show that the conclusion varies depending on whether we are looking at direct or indirect effects. With accumulating evidence of non-additive biotic interactions, the next crucial step is to uncover their underlying mechanisms.