bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen production by steam reforming of glycerol over Ni/Ce/Cu hydroxyapatite-supported catalysts
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Yaakob Zahira , Ismail Manal , Daud Wan , Sari Ratna
Published: March 2013

Hydroxyapatite-supported Ni-Ce-Cu catalysts were synthesised and tested to study their potential for use in the steam reforming of glycerol to produce hydrogen. The catalysts were prepared by the deposition-precipitation method with variable nickel, cerium, and copper loadings. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated in terms of hydrogen yield at 600°C in a tubular fixed-bed microreactor. All catalysts were characterised by the BET surface area, XRD, TPR, TEM, and FE-SEM techniques. The reaction time was 240 min in a fixed-bed reactor at 600°C and atmospheric pressure with a water-to-glycerol feed molar ratio of 8: 1. It was found that the Ni-Ce-Cu (3 mass %-7.5 mass %-7.5 mass %) hydroxyapatite-supported catalyst afforded the highest hydrogen yield (57.5 %), with a glycerol conversion rate of 97.3 %. The results indicate that Ni/Ce/Cu/hydroxyapatite has great potential as a catalyst for hydrogen production by steam reforming of glycerol.
Synthesis and HPLC Enantioseparation of Derivatives of the 3-hydroxyphenylethanone
Authors: Čižmáriková R. , Némethy A. , Valentová J. , Hroboňová K. , Bruchatá K.
Published: March 2013

Within the framework of the study of the synthesis and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) enantioseparation the series of 9 derivatives of 3-hydroxyphenylethanone was prepared by a well-tried method. The structure of the prepared compounds was confirmed on the basis of interpretation of the IR, UV, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra. An enantioseparation of prepared compounds was performed using HPLC on a native teicoplanin (Chirobiotic T) and the amylose tris (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (Chiralpak AD) chiral stationary phases, which is more suitable for the enantioseparation of all prepared compounds especially with heterocycles in the basic part of a molecule.
2012 JOSPT Award Recipients Highlight Early Injury Detection
Authors: Simoneau Guy G.
Published: March 2013

During the American Physical Therapy Association's Combined Sections Meeting in San Diego in January 2013, JOSPT recognized the authors of the most outstanding research and clinical practice manuscripts published in JOSPT during the 2012 calendar year. The 2012 JOSPT Excellence in Research Award was presented to Ivan Mulligan, Mark Boland, and Justin Payette for their paper titled “Prevalence of Neurocognitive and Balance Deficits in Collegiate Football Players Without Clinically Diagnosed Concussion.” The 2012 George J. Davies-James A. Gould Excellence in Clinical Inquiry Award was presented to Richard B. Souza, Thomas Baum, Samuel Wu, Brian T. Feeley, Nancy Kadel, Xiaojuan Li, Thomas M. Link, and Sharmila Majumdar for their work titled “Effects of Unloading on Knee Articular Cartilage T1rho and T2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxation Times: A Case Series.”

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(3):115–116. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2013.0102
Evidence-Based Standard Setting
Authors: McClarty Katie Larsen , Way Walter D. , Porter Andrew C. , Beimers Jennifer N. , Miles Julie A.
Published: March 2013

Performance standards are a powerful way to communicate K–12 student achievement (e.g., proficiency) and are the cornerstone of standards-based reform. As education reform shifts the focus to college and career readiness, approaches for setting performance standards need to be revised. We argue that the focus on assessing student readiness can move performance standards toward an increasingly empirical grounding, leading to more meaningful and understandable standards for student achievement and better guideposts for instructional improvement. Specifically, we describe and illustrate the processes and practices associated with evidence-based standard setting, taking as our example a specific application in the American Diploma Project Algebra II End-of-Course Exam, which was developed as an indicator of college readiness.
Physiotherapy Needs Assessment of People with Stroke Following Discharge from Hospital, Stratified by Acute Functional Independence Measure Score
Authors: DePaul Vincent G. , Moreland Julie D. , deHueck Amy L.
Published: March 2013

Purpose: To determine the physiotherapy-related needs of people with stroke at discharge, 6 months after discharge, and 1 year after discharge from hospital, and to examine the results stratified by participants' acute Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores. Methods: A total of 241 adults with recent stroke were recruited into this longitudinal cohort study. As well as participating in a semi-structured interview that included questions about mobility needs and barriers, participants were asked to complete and return a closed-ended needs-assessment survey. Results: During the interview, participants reported needs and barriers related to motor control, walking, stairs, fatigue, prevention of falls, and access to physiotherapy services. The survey identified many more needs, including transfers, wheelchair use, higher-level balance and mobility skills, and access to physiotherapy and suitable exercise facilities. Frequencies of needs and barriers tended to be lower among participants with higher acute FIM scores. There was no consistent trend for needs and barriers to decrease over time. Conclusions: Over the first year after discharge from hospital, people with stroke report a large and varied number of persistent mobility-related needs. Physiotherapists have a role to play in advocating for adequate follow-up services and informing health policy with respect to the needs of their patients with stroke.
Science in Policy Making
Authors: Weiland Sabine , Weiss Vivien , Turnpenny John
Published: March 2013

Ecological challenges are becoming more and more complex, as are their effects on nature and society and the actions to address them. Calls for a more sustainable development to address these challenges and to mitigate possible negative future impacts are not unproblematic, particularly due to the complexity, uncertainty, and long-term nature of possible consequences (Newig et al. 2008). Knowledge about the various impacts—be they ecological, economic, or social—policies might have is therefore pivotal. But the relationship between such knowledge and the myriad ways it may be used is particularly challenging. The example of policy impact assessment systems is a case in point. Recent years have seen an institutionalization of such systems for evaluating consequences of regulatory activities across the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD 2008) and the European Union (CEC 2002). It is argued that, by utilizing scientific and other evidence, impact assessment has the potential to deliver more sustainable policies and to address large-scale global challenges.
Effect of previous botulinum neurotoxin treatment on microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm
Authors: Wang Xuhui , Thirumala Parthasarathy D. , Shah Aalap , Gardner Paul , Habeych Miguel , Crammond Donald J. , Balzer Jeffrey , Horowitz Michael
Published: March 2013

Object

The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics, intraoperative findings, complications, and outcomes after the first microvascular decompression (MVD) in patients with and without previous botulinum neurotoxin treatment for hemifacial spasm (HFS).

Methods

The authors analyzed 246 MVDs performed at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2007. One hundred and seventy-six patients with HFS underwent botulinum neurotoxin injection treatment prior to first MVD (Group I), and 70 patients underwent their first MVD without previous botulinum neurotoxin treatment (Group II). Clinical outcome data were obtained immediately after the operation, at discharge, and at follow-up. Follow-up data were collected from 177 patients with a minimum follow-up period of 9 months (mean 54.48 ± 27.84 months).

Results

In 246 patients, 89.4% experienced immediate postoperative relief of spasm, 91.1% experienced relief at discharge, and 92.7% experienced relief at follow-up. There was no significant difference in outcomes and complications between Group I and Group II (p > 0.05). Preoperatively, patients in Group I had higher rates of facial weakness, tinnitus, tonus, and platysmal involvement as compared with Group II (p < 0.05). The posterior inferior cerebellar artery and vertebral artery were intraoperatively identified as the offending vessels in cases of vasculature compression in a significantly greater number of patients in Group II compared with Group I (p = 0.008 and p = 0.005, respectively, for each vessel). The lateral spread response (LSR) disappeared in 60.48% of the patients in Group I as compared with 74.19% in Group II (p > 0.05). No significant differences in complications were noted between the 2 groups.

Conclusions

Microvascular decompression is an effective and safe procedure for patients with HFS previously treated using botulinum neurotoxin. Intraoperative monitoring with LSR is an effective tool for evaluating adequate decompression.
Analysis of interpeak latencies of brainstem auditory evoked potential waveforms during microvascular decompression of cranial nerve VII for hemifacial spasm
Authors: Thirumala Parthasarathy D. , Ilangovan Preethi , Habeych Miguel , Crammond Donald J. , Balzer Jeffrey
Published: March 2013

Object

Microvascular decompression (MVD) of the facial nerve is an effective treatment for patients with hemifacial spasm. Intraoperative monitoring of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) during MVD can reduce the incidence of hearing loss. In this study the authors' goal was to evaluate changes in interpeak latencies (IPLs) of Waves I–V, Waves III–V, and Waves I–III of BAEP Waveforms I, III, and V during MVD and correlate them with postoperative hearing loss. To date, no such study has been performed. Hearing loss is defined as nonuseful hearing (Class C/D), which is a pure tone average of more than 50 dB and/or speech discrimination score of less than 50%.

Methods

The authors performed a retrospective analysis of IPLs of BAEPs in 93 patients who underwent intraoperative BAEP monitoring during MVD. Patients who did not have hearing loss were in Class A/B and those who had hearing loss were in Class C/D.

Results

Binary logistic regression analysis of independent IPL variables was performed. A maximum change in IPLs of Waves I–III and Waves I–V and on-skin change in IPLs of Waves I–V increases the odds of hearing loss. However, on adjusting the same variables for loss of response, change in IPLs did not increase the odds of hearing loss.

Conclusions

Changes in IPL measurements did not increase the odds of postoperative hearing loss. This information might be helpful in evaluating the value of IPLs as alarm criteria during MVD to prevent hearing loss.
Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing syndrome secondary to an epidermoid tumor in the cerebellopontine angle
Authors: Rodgers Shaun D. , Marascalchi Bryan J. , Strom Russell G. , Huang Paul P.
Published: March 2013

Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) syndrome is classified under trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. This rare headache syndrome is infrequently associated with secondary pathologies. In this paper the authors report on a patient with paroxysmal left retroorbital pain with associated autonomic symptoms of ipsilateral conjunctival injection and lacrimation, suggestive of SUNCT syndrome. After failed medical treatment an MRI sequence was obtained in this patient, demonstrating an epidermoid tumor in the left cerebellopontine angle. The patient's symptoms completely resolved after a gross-total resection of the tumor. This case demonstrates the effectiveness of resection as definitive treatment for SUNCT syndrome associated with tumoral compression of the trigeminal nerve. Early MRI studies should be considered in all patients with SUNCT, especially those with atypical signs and symptoms.
Early Childhood Caries and Body Mass Index in Young Children from Low Income Families
Authors: Costa Luciane , Daher Anelise , Queiroz Maria
Published: March 2013

The relationship between early childhood caries (ECC) and obesity is controversial. This cross-sectional survey investigated this association in children from low-income families in Goiania, Goias, Brazil and considered the role of several social determinants. A questionnaire examining the characteristics of the children and their families was administered to the primary caregiver during home visits. In addition, children (approximately 6 years of age) had their height, weight, and tooth condition assessed. The primary ECC outcome was categorized as one of the following: caries experience (decayed, missing, filled tooth: “dmft” index > 0), active ECC (decayed teeth > 0), or active severe ECC (decayed teeth ≥ 6). Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted. The participants in the current study consisted of 269 caregiver-child dyads, 88.5% of whom were included in the Family Health Program. Caregivers were mostly mothers (67.7%), were 35.3 ± 10.0 years old on average and had 9.8 ± 3.1 years of formal education. The mean family income was 2.3 ± 1.5 times greater than the Brazilian minimum wage. On average, the children in the current study were 68.7 ± 3.8 months old. Of these, 51.7% were boys, 23.4% were overweight or obese, 45.0% had active ECC, and 17.1% had severe ECC. The average body mass index (BMI) of the children was 15.9 ± 2.2, and their dmft index was 2.5 ± 3.2. BMI was not associated with any of the three categories of dental caries (p > 0.05). In contrast, higher family incomes were significantly associated with the lack of caries experience in children (OR 1.22, 95%CI 1.01–1.50), but the mother’s level of education was not significantly associated with ECC.
Effect of Antioxidants and B-Group Vitamins on Risk of Infections in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gariballa Salah , Afandi Bachar , Haltem Mamoon , Yassin Javed , Alessa Awad
Published: March 2013

Previous studies have revealed that diabetic patients have a decline in immunity and an increased risk of infections, and this may be associated with poor micronutrient status. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of dietary supplements on risk of infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. One hundred patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly assigned to receive an oral dose of daily B-group vitamins and antioxidant vitamins (n = 50) or an identical placebo (n = 50) daily for 90 days. Patients had baseline, three and 12 month assessment for nutritional status, fruits and vegetables intake, physical activity and self-reported infections. Supplementation with antioxidants and B-group vitamins significantly increased the plasma concentration of vitamin E and folate and reduced homocysteine in the intervention group (p-values were 0.006, 0.001 and 0.657, respectively). The number of infections reported by the treatment group after three months of supplements was less than that reported by the placebo group, 9 (27%) vs. 15 (36%) (p = 0.623). Corresponding numbers of infections at 12 months were 25 (67.5%) and 27 (56.3%), respectively (p = 0.488). Up to 90% of the diabetic patients were either overweight or obese with a sedentary life style, and their body weight increased further during three months of follow up. The study showed that multivitamin supplements improved vitamin blood concentrations; however, this did not reduce the number of infections in diabetic patients.
Cost Analysis of Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Access in Incident Dialysis Patients
Authors: Coentrão Luis A. , Araújo Carla S. , Ribeiro Carlos A. , Dias Claúdia C. , Pestana Manuel J.
Published: March 2013

Background

Although several studies have demonstrated the economic advantages of peritoneal dialysis (PD) over hemodialysis (HD), few reports in the literature have compared the costs of HD and PD access. The aim of the present study was to compare the resources required to establish and maintain the dialysis access in patients who initiated HD with a tunneled cuffed catheter (TCC) or an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and in patients who initiated PD.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the 152 chronic kidney disease patients who consecutively initiated dialysis treatment at our institution in 2008 (HD-AVF, n = 65; HD-CVC, n = 45; PD, n = 42). Detailed clinical and demographic information and data on access type were collected for all patients. A comprehensive measure of total dialysis access costs, including surgery, radiology, hospitalization for access complications, physician costs, and transportation costs was obtained at year 1 using an intention-to-treat approach. All resources used were valued using 2010 prices, and costs are reported in 2010 euros.

Results

Compared with the HD-AVF and HD-TCC modalities, PD was associated with a significantly lower risk of access-related interventions (adjusted rate ratios: 1.572 and 1.433 respectively; 95% confidence intervals: 1.253 to 1.891 and 1.069 to 1.797). The mean dialysis access–related costs per patient–year at risk were €1171.6 [median: €608.8; interquartile range (IQR): €563.1 – €936.7] for PD, €1555.2 (median: €783.9; IQR: €371.4 – €1571.7) for HD-AVF, and €4208.2 (median: €1252.4; IQR: €947.9 – €2983.5) for HD-TCC ( p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, total dialysis access costs were significantly higher for the HD-TCC modality than for either PD or HD-AVF (β = –0.53; 95% CI: –1.03 to –0.02; and β = –0.50; 95% CI: –0.96 to –0.04).

Conclusions

Compared with patients initiating HD, those initiating PD required fewer resources to establish and maintain a dialysis access during the first year of treatment.
Periarticular Bone Gain at Proximal Interphalangeal Joints and Changes in Bone Turnover Markers in Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Rheumatoid and Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Szentpetery Agnes , McKenna Malachi J. , Murray Barbara F. , Ng Chin Teck , Brady Jennifer J. , Morrin Michelle , Radovits Bea , Veale Douglas J. , FitzGerald Oliver
Published: March 2013

Objective.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are characterized by periarticular bone erosion; periarticular bone formation is a feature in PsA. The effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on periarticular bone remodeling is unclear in both diseases. Our aim was to assess the response of bone turnover markers (BTM) and hand bone mineral density (BMD) to anti-TNF over 3 years in RA and PsA.

Methods.

We measured serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bone ALP), procollagen type-I N-propeptide (PINP), intact osteocalcin, C-terminal cross-linking telopeptides (CTX-I), urinary N-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type-I collagen (NTX-I), and free deoxypyridinoline crosslinks (fDPD) at baseline, 1, 12, and 36 months. BMD measurements (hands/spine/hip) were obtained at 3 timepoints.

Results.

We recruited 62 patients (RA 35; PsA 27). BTM correlated significantly with hand BMD but not with central BMD. Low hand BMD was associated with RA and increased BTM. Following anti-TNF therapy, hip BMD declined while spine and hand BMD were unchanged. Periarticular BMD at proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints increased while it decreased at metacarpophalangeal joints. Bone ALP increased steadily and was always higher in PsA. PINP and intact osteocalcin increased to a lesser extent, but resorption markers did not change.

Conclusion.

At baseline, hand BMD was inversely associated with BTM. Bone formation rather than resorption markers better showed the bone response to anti-TNF. Despite a lack of effect on central BMD, the modest effect of anti-TNF on PIP BMD may provide evidence that BTM reflect specifically bone remodeling activity at periarticular sites of inflammation in RA and PsA.
Evaluation of Serum Biomarkers Associated with Radiographic Progression in Methotrexate-naive Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Methotrexate or Golimumab
Authors: Wagner Carrie , Chen Dion , Fan Hongtao , Hsia Elizabeth C. , Mack Michael , Emery Paul , Fleischmann Roy M.
Published: March 2013

Objective.

To evaluate associations between biomarkers and radiographic progression in methotrexate (MTX)-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with MTX or golimumab, a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (with or without MTX).

Methods.

Serum samples from 152 MTX-naive adults with active RA who received placebo + MTX (n = 37) or golimumab (combined 50 mg + MTX or 100 mg ± MTX; n = 115) were analyzed for selected markers of inflammation and bone/cartilage turnover. One hundred patients were randomly selected for additional protein profiling using multianalyte profiles (HumanMap v1.6, Rules Based Medicine). Radiographs at baseline, Week 28, and Week 52 were scored using van der Heijde-Sharp (vdH-S) methodology. Correlations were assessed between biomarker levels (baseline and change at Week 4) and joint space narrowing, erosion, and total vdH-S scores (changes at Weeks 28 and 52). Statistical significance was defined as a correlation coefficient with an absolute value ≥ 0.3 and p < 0.05.

Results.

Biomarker correlations with changes in vdH-S scores at Week 28 and/or 52 were observed predominantly in the placebo + MTX group and rarely in the combined golimumab treatment group. Changes in epidermal growth factor (EGF) and CD40 ligand (CD40L) at Week 4 were positively correlated with changes in total vdH-S scores at Weeks 28 and 52 in the placebo + MTX group.

Conclusion.

These preliminary findings indicate that EGF and CD40L may have utility in monitoring MTX-treated patients with RA who are more likely to have radiographic progression as measured by increases in vdH-S scores.
Progression of Nailfold Microvascular Damage and Antinuclear Antibody Pattern in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Sulli Alberto , Ruaro Barbara , Smith Vanessa , Pizzorni Carmen , Zampogna Giuseppe , Gallo Maurizio , Cutolo Maurizio
Published: March 2013

Objective.

This study evaluates possible correlations between the pattern of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) on indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) testing and nailfold microangiopathy stage (early, active, and late stage) in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Patients with SSc were followed prospectively to monitor progression of microvascular damage.

Methods.

The ANA pattern on IIF was searched in 42 patients with SSc showing an early pattern of nailfold microangiopathy at baseline, and was followed using nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) for a median time of 91 months.

Results.

Among patients whose microangiopathy showed a rapid progression from early to late pattern on NVC, the IIF pattern was fine-speckled + nucleolar (Scl-70+) in 44%, centromeric in 33%, nucleolar in 11%, and homogeneous in 11% of patients with SSc. Antitopoisomerase I antibodies were significantly more frequent (57%) in patients with late pattern of microangiopathy on NVC. The median time of progression from early to active disease was significantly lower in patients with both fine-speckled + nucleolar and nucleolar ANA positivity. The severity of microangiopathy was higher in patients with the nucleolar pattern on IIF. Patients already showing a slight reduction of capillary number at baseline were likely to have either the nucleolar or the fine-speckled + nucleolar pattern on IIF. Of note, 37% of patients still showing the early microangiopathy pattern on NVC at the end of the followup were ANA-negative.

Conclusion.

ANA-negative patients with SSc display a slower progression of nailfold microangiopathy characterized by the early pattern on NVC. Progression to the late NVC pattern (more advanced stage of microvascular damage) seems to be associated with a different autoantibody pattern on IIF (fine-speckled + nucleolar pattern being the most prevalent).
Efficacy and Tolerability of Probenecid as Urate-lowering Therapy in Gout; Clinical Experience in High-prevalence Population
Authors: Pui Karen , Gow Peter J. , Dalbeth Nicola
Published: March 2013

Objective.

Probenecid is recommended as urate-lowering therapy (ULT) in patients with gout where xanthine oxidase inhibitors are ineffective, not tolerated, or contraindicated. The aim of our study was to determine the efficacy of probenecid to achieve serum urate (SU) targets (< 0.36 mmol/l) in clinical practice.

Methods.

We identified 57 patients prescribed with probenecid from a database of 521 rheumatology clinic attenders with gout. Demographic characteristics, indications for probenecid, probenecid doses, side effects, and laboratory data including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and SU were recorded.

Results.

There were 30/57 (53%) patients treated with probenecid as monotherapy and 27/57 (47%) patients treated with probenecid in combination with allopurinol. Target SU concentrations (< 0.36 mmol/l) were achieved in 10/30 (33%) of the probenecid monotherapy group and 10/27 (37%) of the combination treatment group. Baseline SU concentrations, but not eGFR or probenecid dose, independently predicted achievement of target SU. Target SU was achieved in 5/15 (33%) patients with eGFR < 50 ml/min/1.73 m2. There was no difference in the percentage of patients achieving SU target in those with eGFR < 50 ml/min/1.73 m2 compared with those with eGFR ≥ 50 ml/min/1.73 m2. Adverse events attributed to probenecid were observed in 8/42 (19%) patients with eGFR ≥ 50 ml/min/1.73 m2 and in 2/15 (13%) patients with eGFR < 50 ml/min/1.73 m2.

Conclusion.

Probenecid has moderate efficacy as ULT in clinical management of patients with complex gout who have a lack of efficacy or intolerance to allopurinol. Patients with chronic kidney disease may respond to probenecid with similar rates of adverse events.
DSM-5 Historical Perspectives
Authors: Halter Margaret Jordan , Rolin-Kenny Donna , Grund Faye
Published: March 2013

The first major attempts to categorize psychiatric disorders in the United States occurred in the mid-1800s, when census data were collected that included “insanity” and “idiocy” of household members. In Europe, Florence Nightingale promoted the use of non-fatal disease classification for morbidity and treatment in 1860. By the late 1800s, Kraepelin categorized disorders, and his sixth edition of theCompendium der Psychiatriewas widely adopted by both Europeans and Americans. In 1952, the American Psychiatric Association published the first edition of theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).Since then, the manual has been periodically updated, expanded, and edited to reflect social and scientific beliefs about the etiology and categorization of psychiatric illness and care. In this article, we explore the historical and ongoing development of theDSMand its implications for psychiatric nurses.
Valores del potencial de corrosión y de a resistencia de polarización de armaduras galvanizadas embebidas en hormigón
Authors: Andrade Perdrix, Carmen , González J. A.
Published: March 2013

Not available
Segunda reunión plenaria del Grupo Latinoamericano de Instituciones del Cemento y del Concreto (GLAICYC)
Authors: Calleja J.
Published: March 2013

Not available
Aplicaciones prácticas de la espectroscopía de absorción infrarroja en el estudio de los crudos, del clínker y del cemento portland anhidro
Authors: Vázquez Tomás
Published: March 2013

Not avaible
Estudio analítico y gráfico del dominio de los hormigones dosificados racionalmente
Authors: Grinszpan Pedro Enrique
Published: March 2013

Not avaible
Un procedimiento para separar, a alta temperatura, la fase líquida del clínker de los sólidos a los que impregna
Authors: Ruiz de Gauna Ángel
Published: March 2013

Not avaible
Étude comparative de quelques marqueurs de reformulation paraphrastique dans les articles de recherche et les articles de vulgarisation
Authors: Pic Elsa , Furmaniak Grégory , Hugou Vincent
Published: March 2013

Cette étude est menée dans le cadre d’un projet visant à mettre au jour les spécificités grammaticales des articles de recherche et des articles de vulgarisation. Il s’agit de montrer que si, comme l’ont exposé de nombreux auteurs, vulgarisation et reformulation en tant qu’activités discursives sont effectivement étroitement associées, cette corrélation fonctionnelle n’implique pas pour autant une surutilisation des marqueurs explicites de reformulation dans les textes vulgarisés. Trois marqueurs (en particulier « that is, i.e. » et « namely ») sont clairement propres aux articles de recherche. Pour rendre compte de ce résultat, nous dégageons deux paramètres, l’un formel, l’autre fonctionnel, dont les valeurs se combinent pour générer quatre grands types de reformulation : hétérogène clarifiante, hétérogène précisante, homogène clarifiante et homogène précisante. Ainsi, il apparaît que chacun des deux discours étudiés privilégie, en raison de sa visée socio-pragmatique, certaines combinaisons, tandis que chacun des marqueurs de reformulation est employé prioritairement dans un ou deux types de reformulation, ce qui explique leur fréquence dans les articles de recherche et leur relative rareté en discours vulgarisé.
L’évolution paradoxale du droit de garder le silence : analyse de l’argumentation juridique de deux arrêts de la Cour suprême des États-Unis, Miranda (1966) et Berghuis (2010)
Authors: Charret-Del Bove Marion
Published: March 2013

Aux États-Unis, le droit de garder le silence pour les personnes arrêtées et interrogées par les forces de police est bien connu. Il est, la plupart du temps, clairement énoncé par les policiers qui procèdent à l’arrestation du suspect en vue d’un interrogatoire. L’objet de cet article est d’analyser la structure et l’argumentation de deux arrêts majeurs relatifs à ce droit au silence, Miranda v. Arizona (1966) et Berghuis v. Thompkins (2010), puis de repérer les indices textuels permettant de retrouver les différents arguments employés par les juges pour instaurer les règles Miranda. Cette étude vise donc à comparer les deux arrêts susmentionnés afin de déterminer l’évolution du droit garantissant la protection contre l’auto-incrimination au début du XXIe siècle des deux côtés de l’Atlantique.
Exploration de l’intersection entre l’anglais de spécialité et la littérature : les romans de Tobias Smollett, un « doctor-turned-novelist » du Siècle des lumières
Authors: Charpy Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2013

Dans la recherche concernant l’anglais de spécialité, l’approche diachronique de textes littéraires comportant des marques de spécialisation reste rare. Cette étude a pour objectif d’observer l’empan littéraire du XVIIIe siècle en Grande-Bretagne et d’y extraire une œuvre, celle de Tobias Smollett, qui était médecin avant de devenir un romancier très populaire. Tout d’abord, un état des lieux des principales professions et théories médicales est établi afin de comprendre l’influence éventuelle des forces socioprofessionnelles et socioculturelles de l’époque sur son œuvre. Une fois l’auteur replacé dans le contexte littéraire du Siècle des lumières, sa formation et sa carrière professionnelles sont mises en relief, ainsi que sa production littéraire, à la recherche d’indices permettant de confirmer la présence significative du spécialisé dans ses romans. Si les romans de Smollett s’apparentent à la FASP contemporaine et s’il est bien l’un des premiers hommes de lettres à être passé de la médecine à l’écriture, l’originalité de son œuvre réside dans le fait qu’il a su mettre sa connaissance du spécialisé au service de la création littéraire, du comique et de la satire médicale.
L’imaginaire écologique
Authors: Manceron Vanessa , Roué Marie
Published: March 2013

Ce numéro de Terrain rassemble les contributions d’auteurs qui s’intéressent à la manière dont les mouvements et les groupes qui se réclament ou s’inspirent de l’écologisme œuvrent aujourd’hui comme force de contestation et de proposition politique et sociale. Les rêves libertaires de contre-société se sont éloignés et l’écologisation de nos sociétés est en marche. Peut-on pour autant parler de la fin des grandes espérances ? C’est l’une des questions que pose ce numéro, en s’attachant à décrire comment les rapports aux lieux, aux milieux et au vivant sont mobilisés çà et là, et ouvrent toujours des horizons d’action et de transformation. L’écologisme apparaît à présent comme un monde échevelé et diversifié, particulièrement conflictuel, mais qui permet aussi de multiples formes d’arrangements avec le réel et qui de fait le transforme, en accommodant des mondes que l’on pensait irréconciliables.
Isac Chiva, ethnologie et politique patrimoniale
Authors: Barbe Noël
Published: March 2013

La Mission du patrimoine ethnologique du ministère de la Culture naît, au début des années 1980, d’une opportunité partagée entre une politique et une discipline. La discipline, l’ethnologie de la France, manque à ce moment-là de lieux propres, dans les établissements d’enseignement supérieur comme dans ceux de recherche. Son objet, le « proche », fait par ailleurs discuter sa légitimité scientifique. La politique, installée à la direction du Patrimoine du ministère, entend quant à elle réguler des activités patrimoniales amateures, qui foisonnent alors. C’est à ce point de rencontre entre science et politique que se constitue le patrimoine ethnologique théorisé par Isac Chiva (1925- 2012), qui s’attache à le construire comme une notion. Chiva pratiqua pour ce faire une série d’opérations intellectuelles : rupture, dans son esprit sans doute épistémologique, avec les usages idéologiques du mot « patrimoine » ; insertion dans l’histoire de la discipline ; emprunts à d’autres disciplines telle la génétique des populations ; définition positive de la notion qu’il lie étroitement à la recherche. Du côté de la politique, ce projet disciplinaire servira de point d’appui contre une ethnologie dite « sauvage ».
Independent and Interdependent Immunoregulatory Effects of IL-27, IFN-β, and IL-10 in the Suppression of Human Th17 Cells and Murine Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Fitzgerald Denise C. , Fonseca-Kelly Zoë , Cullimore Melissa L. , Safabakhsh Pegah , Saris Christiaan J. M. , Zhang Guang-Xian , Rostami Abdolmohamad
Published: March 2013

IFN-β, IL-27, and IL-10 have been shown to exert a range of similar immunoregulatory effects in murine and human experimental systems, particularly in Th1- and Th17-mediated models of autoimmune inflammatory disease. In this study we sought to translate some of our previous findings in murine systems to human in vitro models and delineate the interdependence of these different cytokines in their immunoregulatory effects. We demonstrate that human IL-27 upregulates IL-10 in T cell–activated PBMC cultures and that IFN-β drives IL-27 production in activated monocytes. IFN-β–driven IL-27 is responsible for the upregulation of IL-10, but not IL-17 suppression, by IFN-β in human PBMCs. Surprisingly, IL-10 is not required for the suppression of IL-17 by either IL-27 or IFN-β in this model or in de novo differentiating Th17 cells, nor is IL-27 signaling required for the suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by IFN-β in vivo. Furthermore, and even more surprisingly, IL-10 is not required for the suppression of Th17-biased EAE by IL-27, in sharp contrast to Th1-biased EAE. In conclusion, IFN-β and IL-27 both induce human IL-10, both suppress human Th17 responses, and both suppress murine EAE. However, IL-27 signaling is not required for the therapeutic effect of IFN-β in EAE. Suppression of Th17-biased EAE by IL-27 is IL-10–independent, in contrast to its mechanism of action in Th1-biased EAE. Taken together, these findings delineate a complex set of interdependent and independent immunoregulatory mechanisms of IFN-β, IL-27, and IL-10 in human experimental models and in murine Th1- and Th17-driven autoimmunity.
Regulation of Foxp3+ Inducible Regulatory T Cell Stability by SOCS2
Authors: Knosp Camille A. , Schiering Chris , Spence Shaun , Carroll Helen P. , Nel Hendrick J. , Osbourn Megan , Jackson Ruaidhri , Lyubomska Oksana , Malissen Bernard , Ingram Rebecca , Fitzgerald Denise C. , Powrie Fiona , Fallon Padraic G. , Johnston James A. , Kissenpfennig Adrien
Published: March 2013

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are key regulators of CD4+ T cell differentiation, and in particular, we have recently shown that SOCS2 inhibits the development of Th2 cells and allergic immune responses. Interestingly, transcriptome analyses have identified SOCS2 as being preferentially expressed in both natural regulatory T cells (Tregs) and inducible Tregs (iTregs); however, the role of SOCS2 in Foxp3+ Treg function or development has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we show that despite having no effect on natural Treg development or function, SOCS2 is highly expressed in iTregs and required for the stable expression of Foxp3 in iTregs in vitro and in vivo. Indeed, SOCS2-deficient CD4+ T cells upregulated Foxp3 following in vitro TGF-β stimulation, but failed to maintain stable expression of Foxp3. Moreover, in vivo generation of iTregs following OVA feeding was impaired in the absence of SOCS2 and could be rescued in the presence of IL-4 neutralizing Ab. Following IL-4 stimulation, SOCS2-deficient Foxp3+ iTregs secreted elevated IFN-γ and IL-13 levels and displayed enhanced STAT6 phosphorylation. Therefore, we propose that SOCS2 regulates iTreg stability by downregulating IL-4 signaling. Moreover, SOCS2 is essential to maintain the anti-inflammatory phenotype of iTregs by preventing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these results suggest that SOCS2 may prevent IL-4–induced Foxp3+ iTreg instability. Foxp3+ iTregs are key regulators of immune responses at mucosal surfaces; therefore, this dual role of SOCS2 in both Th2 and Foxp3+ iTregs reinforces SOCS2 as a potential therapeutic target for Th2-biased diseases.
Galectin-3 Negatively Regulates Dendritic Cell Production of IL-23/IL-17–Axis Cytokines in Infection by Histoplasma capsulatum
Authors: Wu Sheng-Yang , Yu Jhang-Sian , Liu Fu-Tong , Miaw Shi-Chuen , Wu-Hsieh Betty A.
Published: March 2013

Galectin-3 (gal3) is known for its immunoregulatory functions in infectious, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases. However, little is known about its regulatory role in the host's IL-17A response to infection. Using a mouse model of histoplasmosis in which both Th1 and Th17 responses contribute to fungal clearance, we investigated how gal3 regulates IL-17A responses. Our study showed that Histoplasma infection induced gal3−/− dendritic cells to produce significantly higher levels of IL-23, TGF-β1, and IL-1β than did gal3+/+ cells. Infected by the same inoculum of Histoplasma, gal3−/− mice had lower fungal burden and produced higher levels of IL-23/IL-17–axis cytokines and lower levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ. Additionally, there was an increase in Th17 cells and a reduction in Th1 cells in infected gal3−/− mice. In vitro Th1/Th17-skewing experiments excluded the intrinsic effect of gal3 on Th cell differentiation. Although neutrophils from both gal3+/+ and gal3−/− mice produced IL-17A upon IL-23 stimulation, their contribution to IL-17A production was greater in gal3−/− mice than in gal3+/+ mice. Compared with gal3+/+ dendritic cells, adoptive transfer of gal3−/− dendritic cells resulted in production of significantly higher levels of IL-17–axis cytokines and reduced fungal burden. It appears that reduced fungal burden and preferential IL-17A response in gal3−/− mice by both Th17 cells and neutrophils were the result of preferential production of IL-23/IL-17–axis cytokines by dendritic cells. Our study showed that gal3 negatively regulates IL-17A responses through inhibition of IL-23/IL-17–axis cytokine production by dendritic cells.
A Critical Role for TLR4 Induction of Autophagy in the Regulation of Enterocyte Migration and the Pathogenesis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Neal Matthew D. , Sodhi Chhinder P. , Dyer Mitchell , Craig Brian T. , Good Misty , Jia Hongpeng , Yazji Ibrahim , Afrazi Amin , Richardson Ward M. , Beer-Stolz Donna , Ma Congrong , Prindle Thomas , Grant Zachary , Branca Maria F. , Ozolek John , Hackam David J.
Published: March 2013

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) develops in response to elevated TLR4 signaling in the newborn intestinal epithelium and is characterized by TLR4-mediated inhibition of enterocyte migration and reduced mucosal healing. The downstream processes by which TLR4 impairs mucosal healing remain incompletely understood. In other systems, TLR4 induces autophagy, an adaptive response to cellular stress. We now hypothesize that TLR4 induces autophagy in enterocytes and that TLR4-induced autophagy plays a critical role in NEC development. Using mice selectively lacking TLR4 in enterocytes (TLR4ΔIEC) and in TLR4-deficient cultured enterocytes, we now show that TLR4 activation induces autophagy in enterocytes. Immature mouse and human intestine showed increased expression of autophagy genes compared with full-term controls, and NEC development in both mouse and human was associated with increased enterocyte autophagy. Importantly, using mice in which we selectively deleted the autophagy gene ATG7 from the intestinal epithelium (ATG7ΔIEC), the induction of autophagy was determined to be required for and not merely a consequence of NEC, because ATG7ΔIEC mice were protected from NEC development. In defining the mechanisms involved, TLR4-induced autophagy led to impaired enterocyte migration both in vitro and in vivo, which in cultured enterocytes required the induction of RhoA-mediated stress fibers. These findings depart from current dogma in the field by identifying a unique effect of TLR4-induced autophagy within the intestinal epithelium in the pathogenesis of NEC and identify that the negative consequences of autophagy on enterocyte migration play an essential role in its development.
Dedicator of Cytokinesis 8 Interacts with Talin and Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein To Regulate NK Cell Cytotoxicity
Authors: Ham Hyoungjun , Guerrier Sabrice , Kim JungJin , Schoon Renee A. , Anderson Erik L. , Hamann Michael J. , Lou Zhenkun , Billadeau Daniel D.
Published: March 2013

Recently, patients with mutations in DOCK8 have been reported to have a combined immunodeficiency characterized by cutaneous viral infections and allergies. NK cells represent a first-line defense against viral infections, suggesting that DOCK8 might participate in NK cell function. In this study, we demonstrate that DOCK8-suppressed human NK cells showed defects in natural cytotoxicity as well as specific activating receptor-mediated NK cytotoxicity. Additionally, compared with control NK cells, NK cells depleted of DOCK8 showed defective conjugate formation, along with decreased polarization of LFA-1, F-actin, and cytolytic granules toward the cytotoxic synapse. Using a proteomic approach, we found that DOCK8 exists in a macromolecular complex with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, an actin nucleation-promoting factor activated by CDC42, as well as talin, which is required for integrin-mediated adhesion. Taken together, our results demonstrate an important role for DOCK8 in NK cell effector function and provide important new mechanistic insight into how DOCK8 regulates F-actin and integrin-mediated adhesion in immune cells.
Gossypiboma, Varied Presentations: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Kohli Supreethi , Singhal Anu , Tiwari Bishwanath , Singhal Sanjeev
Published: March 2013

A mass formed around a cotton matrix left within the body is termed as textiloma or gossypiboma. It is a rare complication of surgery most commonly seen after abdominal operations. The time of presentation may range from early post-operative period to several decades later. A correct diagnosis can be made in only one-third of the cases. The most common differential diagnosis is a new-onset or recurrent tumor. This may lead to a lot of patient anxiety as well as several unnecessary attempts at biopsy or surgery. Gossypiboma may present as either of the following syndromes - pseudotumoral, occlusive, or septic entity and the risk of fistulization increases with time. We present two diverse cases, the first case being of a patient with gastro-cutaneous fistula due to retained sponge presenting within 2 months of open cholecystectomy, while the second case presented 13 years after a hysterectomy, with abdominal lump and obstruction caused by a retained sponge.
The Effect of Indoor Residual Spraying on Malaria and Anemia in a High-Transmission Area of Northern Uganda
Authors: Steinhardt Laura C. , Yeka Adoke , Nasr Sussann , Wiegand Ryan E. , Rubahika Denis , Sserwanga Asadu , Wanzira Humphrey , Lavoy Geoff , Kamya Moses , Dorsey Grant , Filler Scott
Published: March 2013

Indoor residual spraying (IRS) with insecticide is now recommended for malaria control in high-transmission settings. However, concerns about insecticide resistance have increased. We conducted a cross-sectional household survey in high-transmission northern Uganda in two districts previously sprayed with pyrethroids before documentation of pyrethroid resistance and at least one round of carbamates and in one contiguous district that was not sprayed. Parasitemia prevalence among children < 5 years of age was lower in the two IRS districts compared with the non-sprayed district: 37.0% and 16.7% versus 49.8%, P < 0.001. Anemia prevalence was also significantly lower in the two IRS districts: 38.8% and 36.8% versus 53.0%, P < 0.001. Multivariable Poisson regression models indicated that a child living in a sprayed district had a 46% and 32% lower risk of parasitemia and anemia, respectively, than a child in a non-sprayed district (P < 0.001). Carefully managed IRS can significantly reduce malaria burden in high-transmission settings.
Displaceable Tissue: A Clinical Challenge treated with Palliative Approach
Authors: Sonune Shital Jalandar , Singh Shivkumar , Dange Shankar
Published: March 2013

Displaceable tissue on edentulous ridges may present a considerable clinical challenge to dental practitioners when providing complete dentures. Displaceable, or ‘flabby ridges’, present a particular difficulty and give rise to complaints of pain or looseness relating to a complete denture that rests on them. If the flabby tissue is compressed during conventional impression making, it will later tend to recoil and dislodge the resulting overlying denture.

  A careful consideration and application of the principles of complete denture construction for such condition can provide a palliative form of treatment. This article describes reports of three such clinical cases, and demonstrates the use of a suitable impression technique.

How to cite this article

Sonune SJ, Singh S, Dange S. Displaceable Tissue: A Clinical Challenge treated with Palliative Approach. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1):34-37.
Repair of Extracoronal Direct Retainers
Authors: Amin Bhavya Mohandas , Aras Meena A
Published: March 2013

Fractures of the clasp components of removable partial dentures are commonly encountered problems in the dental office. Repair or replacement procedures are therefore, often required and may be preferred over refabrication of the entire prosthesis when it is possible to maintain the denture to serve its purpose of function, esthetics and comfort after repair. This paper reviews various procedures that can be used to repair or replace clasp components in order to produce a clinically acceptable result.

How to cite this article

Amin BM, Aras MA. Repair of Extracoronal Direct Retainers. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1):42-46.