bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novas formas de organização rural: os Condomínios de Armazéns Rurais
Authors: Filippi Amanda Cristina Gaban , Guarnieri Patricia
Published: July 2019

Resumo Com o desenvolvimento do setor agrícola no país e mudanças políticas, econômicas e sociais, o Brasil se tornou um dos principais produtores e exportadores de commodities no Agronegócio. Adicionalmente, os gargalos logísticos, principalmente o relacionado ao déficit de armazenagem, bem como o crescente interesse no Supply Chain Management e nas novas formas de organização rural ganharam importância para as cadeias produtivas. O objetivo desse artigo é caracterizar a nova forma de organização rural denominada de Condomínios de Armazéns Rurais. Realizou-se uma pesquisa aplicada, exploratória e descritiva, com procedimento técnico de estudo Multicaso, complementado pela revisão da literatura. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas, observação direta e análise documental. Constatou-se que esta nova configuração é um modelo em expansão, viável e financeiramente competitivo para o agronegócio brasileiro, que proporcionam a diminuição do déficit de armazenagem e outros gargalos logísticos. Ademais, apresentam inúmeras vantagens, como a comercialização estratégica da produção, a redução de custos de armazenagem e de custos logísticos e o aumento do lucro para os associados. Este trabalho contribui ao mapear práticas inovadoras no setor de armazenagem e propõe uma agenda de pesquisa que pode auxiliar acerca do tema abordado.
Desarrollo rural y agricultura familiar en Argentina: una aproximación a la coyuntura desde las políticas estatales
Authors: Jara Cristian Emanuel , Sperat Ramiro Rodríguez , Manrique Luis Felipe Rincón , Herrera Andrea Gómez
Published: July 2019

Resumen Sostener cuál ha sido el modelo (o los modelos) de desarrollo agrario que ha predominado en la Argentina en los últimos tiempos no es una tarea sencilla. Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la trayectoria del desarrollo rural en la República Argentina desde una mirada retrospectiva, prestando especial atención a cómo se ha concebido a la agricultura familiar. El eje argumental sostiene que las políticas agrarias, generalmente, han privilegiado a los modos de producción capitalistas en detrimento de los pequeños productores familiares de base campesina, quienes nunca terminaron de ser vistos como un sector productivo central en las dinámicas de desarrollo nacional. El texto se estructura en tres partes. En la primera, se presentan los diferentes modelos de desarrollo rural y el lugar de la agricultura familiar en las políticas estatales. Luego se especifican las transformaciones agrarias ocasionadas por la implementación de las políticas neoliberales, en el período que coincidió con el ajuste estructural en el país y el pos-consenso de Washington. Finalmente, se analizan algunas de las medidas tomadas por el gobierno actual y su impacto sobre la agricultura familiar. El texto consiste en una revisión de diversas fuentes documentales articulando distintas escalas temporales en el análisis.
Una historia del Frente de Liberación Homosexual y la izquierda en Argentina.
Authors: Insausti Santiago Joaquin
Published: July 2019

Resumen: Surgido en la década del setenta en Argentina en un clima de radicalización política y dentro del marco de la nueva izquierda, el “Frente de Liberación Homosexual” apostará a una alianza con las organizaciones de izquierda. La investigación analizará diacrónicamente tanto las mutaciones en los discursos políticos y en las estrategias de lucha que se articularon en el diseño de esta alianza como las tensiones y contradicciones que esta propuesta generó en relación con las bases, al interior de la agrupación, y con el resto de las organizaciones militantes.
Morphophysiology of buffel grass grown under different water supplies in the dry and dry-rainy seasons
Authors: Maranhão Samuel R. , Pompeu Roberto C. F. F. , Souza Henrique A. de , Araújo Ricardo A. de , Fontinele Renato G. , Cândido Magno J. D.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The lack of information on the growth of forage grasses in semi-arid environment, especially from the perspective of irrigation, is one of the obstacles to regular forage supply, as well as to the rational use of irrigation water. The objective with this study was to evaluate the leaf gas exchanges, biomass flow and structural characteristics of buffel grass cultivar Gayndah under different water supplies (30, 60, 90 and 120% of the reference evapotranspiration - ETo) during the dry season and dry-rainy season, in completely randomized design in a split-plot scheme with three repetitions. The experiment was conducted in Sobral, CE, Brazil (3° 45’ 00.77” S and 40° 20’ 38.55” W, altitude of 101 m) from September 2015 to January 2016. A higher photosynthetic rate was verified during the dry season, evidencing the adaptability of buffel grass to environments with water restriction. Overall, the best morphogenic and structural characteristics and the biomass production were observed in the dry season. The 90% ETo regime leads to maximum amount of forage accumulation, whereas the 30% ETo allows the maintenance of the cultivar Gayndah of buffel grass in a state of latency during the dry season.
Growth and chlorophyll in noni seedlings irrigated with saline water in substrate with vermicompost
Authors: Santos Daiane G. dos , Diniz Belísia L. M. T. , Diniz Neto Manoel A. , Silva João H. C. S. , Oliveira Filho William N. de , Ferreira Filho Roberto M.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Irrigation is a limiting factor for the development of crops, and all water sources contain salts, which can accumulate in the soil and in the plant, compromising its development. The use of vermicompost is one of the alternatives to mitigate the negative effects of salts on plants. This organic compost is a soil conditioner and a nutrient source for plants. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the growth and chorophyll of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) in response to the salinity of irrigation water in substrates with and without vermicompost. A completely randomized design in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme was used, corresponding to four levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 dS m-1), in three soil substrates (without humus, with 33.33 and 66.66% of humus). Three months after germination, the following variables were evaluated: plant height; stem diameter; number of leaves; chlorophyll index (a, b and total) in the leaves; and fresh and dry matter of shoots and roots. The increase of salinity in irrigation water negatively influences growth in height, stem diameter, biomass production and chlorophyll a and total indexes, but with lower intensity in substrates with humus, that improves the fertility of the substrate and favors the growth of noni plants, regardless of the salinity of the irrigation water; however, its beneficial effect decreases with the intensification of electrical conductivity of irrigation water.
Tomato yield as a function of water depths and irrigation suspension periods
Authors: Silva Cícero J. da , Frizzone José A. , Silva César A. da , Golynski Adelmo , Silva Luiz F. M. da , Megguer Clarice A.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Irrigation management is essential for tomato fruits yield and quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of tomatoes for industrial processing, ‘BRS Sena’ hybrid, subjected to water depths and irrigation suspension periods before harvest, irrigated by subsurface drip irrigation, in Goiás, Brazil (17º 49’ 19.5” S and 49º 12’ 11.3” W), in 2015 and 2016. The experiments were conducted under a randomized complete block design, with four replications, in split plots. Five irrigation levels (50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration) were evaluated in the plots and five irrigation suspension periods (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days before harvest) were evaluated in the subplots. At 125 days after transplanting the seedlings, the yields of green, mature, rotten fruits and total yield, water productivity and percentages of green, mature and rotten fruits were evaluated. The highest total fruit yields (105.86 and 58.60 t ha-1) were obtained with water replacements ranging from 125.47 (615.09 mm) to 132.11 (564.00 mm) of crop evapotranspiration, in the first and second year of experiment, respectively. Growing plants under water deficit and excess increased the incidence of rotten fruits and decreased that of mature fruits. Pre-harvest irrigation suspension reduced crop yield and incidence of green fruits and increased the incidence of rotten fruits. The highest water productivity by the crop occurred under water deficit, management that may be interesting for regions with water restrictions.
Changes in osmoregulatory metabolism of cotton genotypes during water deficit and recovery period
Authors: Macêdo Érika C. F. de , Zonta João H. , Melo Yuri L. , Melo Alberto S. de , Silva Duval C. da , Andrade Wellerson L. de
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in osmoregulatory metabolism of cotton genotypes subjected to water deficit and recovery period. In a greenhouse, six cotton genotypes and two water managements were combined in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, in a completely randomized design, evaluated after 14 and 22 days under water stress and recovery conditions, respectively. The water status, growth indicators and compatible solutes in the leaves were evaluated. The genotypes BRS Seridó, BRS Aroeira and BRS 7MH withstand better the stress condition because they had lower variations in their water potentials due to the osmotic adjustment and maintained their growth under water deficit conditions. The BRS 286 is the most sensitive genotype to the water deficit condition, since it showed greater variations in its water potential, which ultimately stopped its growth. Water replacement during the recovery period allowed growth resumption in most of the genotypes, mainly CNPA 5M and BRS 286. After the recovery period, variations in the concentrations of osmoregulators indicate the plasticity of cotton in regulating the concentrations of osmoregulators under favorable and unfavorable water conditions.
Efeitos da prática mental associada à fisioterapia motora sobre a marcha e o risco de quedas na doença de Parkinson: estudo piloto
Authors: Silva Liliane Pereira da , Duarte Matheus Pereira de Souza , Souza Caroline de Cássia Batista de , Lins Carla Cabral dos Santos Accioly , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales , Lins Otávio Gomes
Published: July 2019

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo piloto, realizado em um hospital universitário de referência em Pernambuco, foi avaliar os efeitos da prática mental associada à fisioterapia motora sobre a marcha e o risco de queda em pessoas com doença de Parkinson. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 18 sujeitos, de ambos os sexos, com doença de Parkinson idiopática, divididos em grupo experimental (8 indivíduos) e controle (10 indivíduos). Ambos os grupos realizaram 15 sessões de 40 minutos de fisioterapia motora, duas vezes por semana. No grupo de intervenção, a fisioterapia foi associada a prática mental (15 minutos). Em relação às variáveis de desfecho primário, o tempo de execução do timed up and go e do teste de caminhada de 10 metros reduziu, mas a diferença não foi significativa. Em relação à velocidade, cadência e escore do dynamic gait index, houve aumento após a intervenção no grupo experimental, com diferença significativa (p=0,02). O número de passos foi mantido em ambos os grupos. Os resultados sugerem que a prática mental associada à fisioterapia motora reduz o risco de quedas em comparação com a fisioterapia motora aplicada isoladamente.
Severidade da disfunção temporomandibular e sua relação com a postura corporal
Authors: Wiest Daniele Melita , Candotti Cláudia Tarragô , Sedrez Juliana Adami , Pivotto Luiza Rampi , Costa Letícia Miranda Resende da , Loss Jefferson Fagundes
Published: July 2019

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar se existe correlação entre a severidade da disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) e postura corporal, bem como evidenciar as diferenças existentes na postura corporal nos diferentes graus de severidade. Foram avaliadas 71 mulheres de 18 a 35 anos quanto à severidade da DTM e à postura corporal, sendo divididas em grupo sem DTM e grupo com DTM. Foram utilizados o questionário Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire e o software Digital Image-Based Postural Assessment de avaliação postural por fotogrametria. Foi realizada análise estatística com ANOVA de um fator e teste de correlação Tau B de Kendall (α<0,05). Os grupos com e sem DTM apresentaram diferenças estatísticas, com tamanho de efeito grande (ŋ2>0,528), para: lordose cervical, pulsão e inclinação da pelve. Quanto à correlação da postura com a severidade da DTM, índices fracos, mas significativos, foram encontrados: ângulo da lordose cervical (τ=0,250), ângulo da cifose dorsal (τ=0,192), ângulo de inclinação pélvica (τ=−0,222) e medida de pulsão da pelve (τ=0,283). Esses resultados indicam que a lordose cervical e a pulsão da pelve se apresentam em aumento da lordose e da pulsão conforme o acréscimo da severidade da DTM, enquanto o ângulo de inclinação se apresenta em menor grau, tendendo à retroversão. Apesar das correlações fracas, os resultados evidenciam alguma relação da postura corporal com a DTM.
DIET AND HEALTH IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ADOLESCENTS: CONTRIBUTIONS FOR HEALTH PROMOTION
Authors: Silva Julyana Gall da , Ferreira Márcia de Assunção
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the social representations of healthy eating and to analyze the relationships established with health. Method: an exploratory and descriptive study, with qualitative approach that applied the Social Representations Theory. A semistructured interview was conducted with 31 adolescent students, aged 10 to 13 years, from a municipal school in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) from September to November 2013. The Alceste software was used to analyze the two classes of greater statistical significance. Results: adolescents choose foods with higher fat content, with faster preparation time and more sugar. They care about health, but they prioritize pleasure and taste. They establish a relationship between diet, body weight and health, understanding that fat people are more prone to diseases. Conclusion: healthy eating is conceptualized by what adolescents consider good or bad for their health, but this evaluation is not directly related to their eating practices. The contradictions between knowledge and practice are evidenced in order to guide propositional interventions with this population group.
EVALUATION OF CARE FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS USERS OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES: POTENTIALITY AND FRAGILITIES
Authors: Pagliace Ângela Gonçalves da Silva , Maftum Mariluci Alves , Lacerda Maria Ribeiro , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Nimtz Miriam Aparecida , Brusamarello Tatiana
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the care to the child and the adolescent in treatment in the general hospital for mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances, from the perspective of the Nursing. Method: evaluative study, of the case study type, with the use of the theoretical-methodological reference of the Fourth Generation Evaluation. The group of interest was composed of 19 professionals of the Nursing team of a Unit allocated in a general and teaching hospital of the West of Paraná. Data were collected from June 2015 to February 2016 through 410 hours of non-participant observation, individual interviews, following the hermeneutic-dialectical circle and a negotiation meeting. Data analysis was performed using the Constant Comparative Method. Results: three categories emerged from the analysis: nursing care for children and adolescents, Potential care and Fragility in care. the interest group reported a differentiated care of the other units of the institution, expressing the concern to care in a global and humanized way. They pointed out the development of meetings of agreement between the scenario of the study and the municipalities as one of the facilities for the care and, as greater fragility, the lack of physical space. Conclusion: It is hoped that the results of this study may instigate and provide critical reflection of professionals who develop their practice with children and adolescents who use or abuse psychoactive substance in the various health treatment services.
REDUCTION OF THE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONG WORKERS USING A BRIEF INTERVENTION
Authors: Brites Riany Moura Rocha , Abreu Angela Maria Mendes , Portela Luciana Fernandes
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the effect of a brief intervention on the reduction of the alcohol consumption pattern among workers from the worker health perspective. Methods: a quasi-experimental study with a single sample of 36 workers, applying the positive (>8) Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and sample selection and using data from the Worker Health Booklet in combination with the mentioned test. Participants had three weekly sessions of brief intervention with motivational interviewing and were reevaluated after three months. Data were analyzed quantitatively. The Wilcoxon test was applied to data on the reduction of the consumption pattern, and a significance p<0.05 was adopted. Results: risky consumption prevailed (61.1%), followed by probable dependence (27.8%) and hazardous consumption (11.1%). The score obtained in the test after three months of the brief intervention was lower than the initial result, with Z=-4.709 and p<0.000. Regarding sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, all the participants showed a significant reduction. Concerning Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test questions, there was a reduction, especially in the frequency (Z=-3.880 and p<0.000) and binge drinking (Z=-4.144 and p<0.000). Conclusion: the effect of brief intervention associated with motivational interviewing reduced the alcohol consumption pattern among workers at a public university.
FIRST INTERNATIONAL CODE OF ETHICS FOR NURSES
Authors: Oguisso Taka , Takashi Magali Hiromi , Freitas Genival Fernandes de , Bonini Bárbara Barrionuevo , Silva Thaís Araújo da
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to historicize the approval of the First International Code of Ethics for Nurses and analyze its 14 articles and their relevance to the historical and current context. Method: this is a historical and social study, with a qualitative approach. The sources were composed of official publications of the International Council of Nurses and reports of activities developed during the X Quadrennial Congress in 1953. A document review was carried out, involving two processes: the external criticism, regarding the authenticity of the document, and the internal criticism, which consists in the careful reading of the text, in an effort to interpret it. Results: the first International Code of Ethics for Nurses discusses the nurses’ responsibilities in their professional and personal life to guarantee the social recognition of this professional, as well as an ethical performance, encompassing the following aspects: the nurse’s commitment to the care provided and the valuation of professional and personal relationships, involving physicians, patients, and the community. Conclusion: as this code would have to meet the needs of nurses in the several cultures, religions, customs, and laws and regulations of the continents, it was based on universal principles and concepts, such as respect for life, dignity and human rights, without discrimination of any kind. In this direction, the 1st International Council of Nurses Code of Ethics set out to be a universally accepted document in its fundamental ethical principles, regarding the patient and the relationships between the nursing team, and physicians, as well as other professionals.
KNOWLEDGE OF CONSEQUENCES, ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND DRUG CONSUMPTION AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN ONE UNIVERSITY IN JAMAICA
Authors: Williams Fay , Brands Bruna
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: determine the prevalence of drug use and to investigate the relationship between knowledge of consequences and drug consumption as well as the relationship between academic performance and drug consumption among university undergraduate students in Jamaica. Method: the study uses a cross sectional design. A total of 250 undergraduate students were selected through a randomized cluster sampling process. A modified survey instrument consisting of over 70 items relating to socio-demographics, knowledge of consequences, drug consumption and academic performance measures was used to test the research question and hypothesis. Results: the findings revealed low levels of drug usage as well as problematic usage, however, there was a weak negative yet statistically significant correlation between the academic performance and alcohol use (r=-.139, p=.028) which suggested that an increase in alcohol usage is associated with reduction in academic performance. The independent T test also revealed a statistically significant difference between those who used alcohol and those who did not use alcohol in the past 12 months based on academic performance. Conclusion: the findings will inform policy decisions regarding drug use and the provision of intervention services. It is recommended that this research should be extended to other universities in Jamaica.
Comparative study between school and motor performance in children aged 6 to 11 years according to teachers’ perceptions
Authors: Vilella-Cortez Glória Maria , Ferreira Heloisa Helena Marrara , Bella Geruza Perlato
Published: July 2019

Abstract Introduction: Motor skills are enlarged during schooling age, with possible relation between motor and school performance. Objective: Compare motor skills of children with good and poor school performance, according to the teacher’s perception in the classroom. Method: School children aged 6 to 11 years were divided into two groups; poor school performance (PSP) and good school performance (GSP) and evaluated using the Motor Development Scale (MDS). The chronological age, general motor age and the motor quotient of each area evaluated were compared between the groups using the Mann-Whitney Test. The Chi-square test was used to associate the motor performance classification and the school performance. Results: Chronological age was similar between groups, although the general motor age was smaller in the PSP. The general motor quotient and the motor quotients in the areas of body scheme, spatial and temporal organization were significantly smaller in PSP. Most children were classified by the MDS as Low Normal or Medium Normal motor skills in both groups; however in the GSP, 27.5% of the children had a High Normal or Superior motor development and only 2.5% were classified as Very Inferior or Inferior. In the PSP, 12.5% had a Very Inferior or Inferior performance and only 6.25% had a High Normal or Superior performance (p < 0.05 - chi-square test). Conclusion: Results show a direct connection between poor school performance and motor skill difficulties, which illustrates the relation between motor and cognitive skills.
Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with arboviruses in the state of Pernambuco in 2016
Authors: Oliveira Jacihony Aline , Firmino Márcia Fabiana Ferreira , Cavalcanti Dominique Babini Albquerque
Published: July 2019

Abstract Introduction: In 2016, Brazil presented an increase in the notifications related to neurological syndromes with previous register of a febrile illness compatible with arboviruses, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Such disease is responsible for the most frequent occurrence of flaccid paralysis in the world, causing bilateral ascending muscle weakness that might affect the respiratory tract. Objective: To investigate the incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with arboviruses in Pernambuco in 2016 and to describe the confirmed/probable cases. Method: This is an observational retrospective study of GBS cases with a background of infection from dengue, chikungunya, or Zika virus notified to the Pernambuco Health State Secretariat (SES-PE). Cases notified from January 1st to December 31st, 2016 were included, which were considered as possible GBS at the time of notification. The suspect cases were investigated and classified as confirmed/probable by the positive laboratory test result, excluding the possibility of infection. Results: Forty-three suspect cases of GBS after previous arbovirus infection were notified. From these, 23 were classified as confirmed/probable for the etiological agents chikungunya and/or dengue. The mean age of the affected individuals was 37.22 ± 21.29 years and they were mostly female (56.5%). The annual incidence of GBS after arbovirus infection was 0.24 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants in the state. The neurological condition was mainly characterized by the presence of movement (91.3%) and walking (78.3%) alterations. Conclusion: The findings of this research confirm the current set of evidence and show the likelihood of GBS being a severe neurological complication of these arboviruses.
TRABALHO, EDUCAÇÃO E JUVENTUDES: DIÁLOGO COM O PENSAMENTO SOCIAL DE CHRISTIAN LAVAL E PIERRE DARDOT
Authors: Silva Roberto Rafael Dias da
Published: July 2019

Resumo O presente estudo teórico propõe um dia-gnóstico crítico das relações entre trabalho, educação e juventudes contemporâneas, por meio de um breve diálogo com o pensamento social de Christian Laval e Pierre Dardot. Sua preocupação central encontra-se na emergência de novos arranjos subjetivos no contexto do neoliberalismo. Para pensar tais relações foram considerados três traços conceituais derivados das obras dos autores selecionados: a compreensão da crise como modo de vida permanente, a ênfase nos aspectos emocionais e no dispositivo desempenho/gozo e a reinscrição da formação juvenil no território do comum. Ao longo do estudo, evidencia-se que um referencial analítico crítico e heterodoxo, sustentado numa releitura específica do pensamento de Marx articulada a outras contribuições, da forma como tratado por Dardot e Laval, apresenta potencialidade heurística significativa para pensar os conceitos de trabalho, educação e juventude no contexto brasileiro atual.
New species of Pyrrhulina (Teleostei: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae) from the eastern Amazon, Pará, Brazil
Authors: Vieira Lorena S. , Netto-Ferreira André L.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT A new species of Pyrrhulina is described based on 60 specimens from tributaries of the rio Amazonas: rio Anapu, rio Capim, rio Guamá and rio Xingu, and coastal drainages in the state of Pará, Brazil. The new species differs from all congeners by having the primary stripe (the horizontal stripe of dark pigmentation extending posteriorly from the snout) terminating at the distal edge of the opercle. In all other species of Pyrrhulina, the primary stripe is either restricted to the snout or continues beyond the head (i.e. at least the anteriormost four scales of the lateral line series).
REPRODUCTION OF Pratylenchus zeae AND P. brachyurus IN COVER CROPS
Authors: SANTANA-GOMES SIMONE DE MELO , DIAS-ARIEIRA CLAUDIA REGINA , FERREIRA JÚLIO CÉSAR ANTUNES , SCHWENGBER RAIANE PEREIRA , BALDISERA SEPHORA SERRANO
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the reproduction of Pratylenchus zeae and P. brachyurus in leguminous plants used as cover crops. Seedlings of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea and C. spectabilis), pigeon pea cultivar IPR 43 (Cajanus cajan), dwarf velvet bean (Mucuna deeringiana), black velvet bean (Stizolobium aterrimum), and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) were inoculated with each nematode separately. Maize cultivar IPR 114 and soybean cultivar Pintado were used as controls to measure the viability of the inoculation of P. zeae and P. brachyurus. After 90 days of inoculation, the plants were collected and nematode g-1 root, final population, and reproduction factors (RF) were evaluated. The experiment was carried out at two different times of the year. The nematode’s RF on cover crops from treatments with the two Crotalaria species, dwarf pigeon pea, and black velvet bean were lower than one (bad host plants) in both experiments for P. zeae. For P. brachyurus, the lowest RFs were obtained for C. juncea, C. spectabilis, and pigeon pea, while the other plants presented RF values close to or higher than one in at least one of the experiments. Therefore, C. spectabilis, C. juncea, and C. cajan cultivar IPR 43 are antagonistic plants that represent useful options for rotation or succession systems that aim to control P. zeae and P. brachyurus.
EFFECTS OF COMPETITION AND WATER DEFICIENCY ON SUNFLOWER AND WEED GROWTH
Authors: SOARES MURILO MEIRA , FREITAS CLÁUDIA DAIANNY MELO , OLIVEIRA FERNANDO SARMENTO DE , MESQUITA HÉLIDA CAMPOS DE , SILVA TATIANE SEVERO , SILVA DANIEL VALADÃO
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT In the agricultural environment, the occurrence of biotic and abiotic stresses, such as weed interference and soil water deficit is common. However, little is known about the effects of the interaction of these stresses on the growth of cultivated crops and weed species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of competition and water deficiency on the growth of sunflowers and weeds. The experiment was performed in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 5 × 2 factorial design, with the first factor corresponding to the competition arrangements between the species (sunflower + Waltheria indica; sunflower + Amaranthus spinosus; and sunflower, W. indica, and A. spinosus in monoculture without competition) and the second factor corresponding to water regimes (irrigated and water deficit). The water deficit regime was established when the sunflower plants had six expanded leaves (V6 stage) and was maintained until the rate of CO2 assimilation of the plants reached values close to zero (6 days), after which irrigation was resumed and maintained until 40 days after emergence, when the plants were collected and evaluated. The growth components evaluated were plant height, leaf area, dry leaf mass, dry stem mass, dry root mass, and total dry mass. Competition between plants decreased sunflower, W. indica, and A. spinosus growth. W. indica and A. spinosus aggravated the negative effects of water deficiency on sunflower growth. The water deficit regime did not affect the growth of W. indica. A. spinosus was more competitive with the sunflower than was W. indica.
LEADING SYSTEMS AND VIABILITY OF CITRIC BUDS IN HYDROPONICS
Authors: GOMES WIARA DE ASSIS , CHALFUN NILTON NAGIB JORGE , PECHE PEDRO MARANHA , RAMOS JOSÉ DARLAN , FAQUIN VALDEMAR
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the production of budstocks and the viability of the buds of the ‘Valencia’ and ‘Pera’ orange tree varieties in a hydroponic system. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme. The two orange varieties were grafted onto the Rangpur lime tree with three leading systems (single stem, two stems, and three stems) and three replications of 10 plants per plot. The time that elapsed between pruning the stems at 40 cm and the first collection, as well as the time between each harvest were determined. The number of buds in the median part of the stems and percentage of viable buds in each leading system were also measured. This was determined after performing inverted T budding on the Rangpur lime tree rootstocks and verifying that the procedure was successful. The production of citrus plant budstocks is feasible in a hydroponic system.
ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN SEEDLING FORMATION OF BARBADOS CHERRY (Malpighia emarginata D.C.)
Authors: PINHEIRO EDUARDO MENDONÇA , NOBRE CAMILA PINHEIRO , COSTA THAYANNA VIEIRA , TAVARES ORLANDO CARLOS HUERTAS , ARAUJO JOSÉ RIBAMAR GUSMÃO
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The use of beneficial microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may favor both the growth phase and the stabilization of the seedlings after transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inoculation of different AMF species on the development of Barbados cherry seedlings from herbaceous and semi-hardwood cuttings. Softwood and semi-hardwood cuttings, previously rooted, were planted in 500 ml tubes filled with Plantmax® substrate and inoculated with three species of mycorrhizal fungi (Gigaspora margarita - Gimarg, Claroideoglomus etunicatum - Claetun and Glomus clarum - Glclar) isolated and combined (Gimarg + Claetun, Gimarg + Glclar, Claetun + Glclar and Gimarg + Claetun + Glclar). The statistical design was completely randomized in factorial scheme 2 x 8 (two types of cuttings and eight types of inoculation, including control without AMF inoculation) with ten replications. The seedlings were kept in a greenhouse for 100 days and height was measured every 15 days to determine the absolute and relative growth rate (AGR and RGR). At the end of the experiment the seedlings were sacrificed and determined height, fresh and dry shoot mass and root and mycorrhizal colonization rate. The results indicate potential for production of Malpighia emarginata D.C. seedlings inoculated with AMF with tendency to reduce the time for transplanting. The Gimarg + Claetun combination promoted higher rates of absolute growth and height of seedlings from herbaceous cuttings. The species Glomus clarum, isolated or associated with C. etunicatum, promoted higher colonization rates in herbaceous and semi-hardwood seedlings, respectively.
SELECTIVITY OF BENTAZON AND NICOSULFURON IN Crotalaria spectabilis INTERCROPPED WITH MAIZE CULTURE
Authors: NOGUEIRA CASSIO HENRIQUE PEREIRA , CORREIA NÚBIA MARIA , GOMES LEONARDO JOSÉ PETEAN , FERREIRA PHELIPPE SANT'ANNA HONORIO
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Corn intercropped with showy crotalaria allows better use of the agricultural year, having in the same period, economic return from grain yield and the benefits of the legume. The objective was to study the selectivity of the herbicides bentazon and nicosulfuron to C. spectabilis, the weed control and the corn development intercropping system. Two experiments were conducted in the field, one in late-season and the other one in regular growing season. The experimental design was the randomized block, with fourteen treatments and four replicates. Eight treatments with herbicides were studied: bentazon (720 e 960 g a.i. ha-1), nicosulfuron (16 e 48 g a.i. ha-1) and bentazon + nicosulfuron (720 + 16; 720 + 48; 960 + 16; 960 + 48 g a.i. ha-1). Moreover, six controls were maintained: sole corn and sole showy crotalaria (with and without weeds), corn and sunn hemp intercropped (with and without weeds). The herbicide bentazon isolated, in both dosages tested, was selective to C. spectabilis. Nicosulfuron in 48 g a.i. ha-1, isolated or in mixture with bentazon, promoved the best weed control. Corn affected the recoverability of showy crotalaria plants treated with herbicides. In intercrop of corn and C. spectabilis, both late and regular season had good results in corn yield, legume mass accumulation without the necessity of herbicides pulverization.
REACTION OF POTATO CULTIVARS AND CLONES TO Phytophthora infestans
Authors: CASA-COILA VICTOR HUGO , GOMES CESAR BAUER , LIMA-MEDINA ISRAEL , ROCHA DEDIEL JUNIOR AMARAL , PEREIRA ARIONE DA SILVA , REIS AILTON
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The in vitro and field reactions of 23 potato cultivars and clones to two isolates of Phytophthora infestans were tested. The in vitro test used the detached potato leaflets method, and disease severity was evaluated 6 days after inoculation. Field experiments were conducted in autumn of 2013, in two locations in Pelotas City, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Seven evaluations of the disease severity were performed. From the severity values, the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. Tubers were harvested to determine the yield (g plot-1). The A2 mating type isolate was the most aggressive for the majority of the potato genotypes. It was possible to group the different reactions of the potato genotypes based on the AUDPC values. Clones C2553-1-06, C2573-4-06, C2550-4-06, C2551-2-06, and CIP392,617.54 showed moderate-to-high resistance to the two isolates of P. infestans. The values of severity and AUDPC obtained in vitro and field tests were positively correlated for both P. infestans isolates, but in some interactions, inconsistencies were observed. Tuber yield was negatively correlated with AUDPC.
GAS EXCHANGES, QUANTUM YIELD AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS OF WEST INDIAN CHERRY UNDER SALT STRESS AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION
Authors: DIAS ADAAN SUDARIO , LIMA GEOVANI SOARES DE , PINHEIRO FRANCISCO WESLEY ALVES , GHEYI HANS RAJ , SOARES LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Water resources in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil commonly contain high salt concentrations, compromising the quality of water for agriculture. Thus, adopting techniques that make the use of these resources feasible in agriculture is fundamental. The present study aimed to evaluate the gas exchanges, quantum yield and photosynthetic pigments of grafted West Indian cherry subjected to salt stress and potassium fertilization under greenhouse conditions in the municipality of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, composed of two levels of electrical conductivity - ECw (0.8 and 3.8 dS m-1) of water and four doses of potassium (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the dose recommended for the crop), with three replicates. The dose relative to 100% corresponded to 19.8 g of K2O per plant. Gas exchanges, chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic pigments of West Indian cherry are negatively affected by irrigation using water with electrical conductivity of 3.8 dS m-1, which compromises the photosynthetic apparatus of the plant, a situation evidenced by the reduction in photosystem II quantum efficiency. Increasing potassium doses led to increments in transpiration, chlorophyll a maximum fluorescence and chlorophyll b content in West Indian cherry grown under salt stress, but do not attenuate the negative effects of irrigation with 3.8 dS m-1 water on its potential photochemical efficiency.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WATER CONDITIONS ON RICE GROWTH AT THE SEEDLING STAGE
Authors: ZHANG JUN , LI YANYAN , ZAHNG HAOYU , DONG PENG , WEI CHANGZHOU
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Water scarcity has led to the adoption of water-saving irrigation technology around the world. Drip-irrigation has been used for rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation in Xinjiang, China. Researchers reported 12.0 t/ha yield; however, drip-irrigated rice produces around 6-8 t/ha in practice, and it is clear that water deficiency explains this gap. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to compare the growth, photosynthetic characteristics, and antioxidant activity of rice grown in nutrient solutions with water potentials of 0.00, -0.02, -0.05, and -0.09 MPa [0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively], to determine the optimal water conditions for drip-irrigated rice. There was no significant difference between the 0, 2.5, and 5.0% PEG treatments for relative growth rate and relative water content after 10 and 20 days. However, 2.5 and 5.0% PEG treatments substantially affected the photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity after 10 and 20 days. Treatment with 7.5% PEG inhibited shoot growth. There was a significant reduction in antioxidant enzyme activity. Water-saving rice cultivation, such as drip-irrigated rice, suffered mild drought stress at -0.02 to -0.05 Mpa, but this did not inhibit growth. The amount of irrigation should be increased to obtain higher rice yields under drip-irrigation conditions.
WATER AVAILABILITY IN A PLANOSOL UNDER INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK-FORESTRY SYSTEM IN THE AGRESTE REGION OF PARAIBA, BRAZIL
Authors: SILVA PEDRO LUAN FERREIRA DA , OLIVEIRA FLÁVIO PEREIRA DE , TAVARES DANILLO DUTRA , NÓBREGA CAMILA COSTA DA , AMARAL ANDRÉ JULIO DO
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Integrated agricultural production systems, involving agriculture, livestock, and forest are strategies that improve soil quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the integrated crop-livestock-forest system (ICLF) on water availability of a Planosol in the Agreste region of the state of Paraíba (PB), Brazil. The experiment was conducted at the experimental site of the Agricultural Research Company of Paraíba (EMEPA), in Alagoinha, PB. The soil evaluated was a Eutric Planosol, with a moderate A horizon. The following intercrops (treatments) were implemented in June 2015: I. Gliricidia sepium + Brachiaria decumbens; II. Mimosa caesalpiniifolia + Brachiaria decumbens; III. Tabebuia alba + Brachiaria decumbens; IV. Zea mays + Brachiaria decumbens; and V. Brachiaria decumbens. A randomized block experimental design was used, with five treatments. The analyzed variables were field capacity, permanent wilting point, soil available water, granulometry, degree of flocculation, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, resistance to penetration, and aggregate stability index. The results showed that the water availability in the ICLF implemented in the Agreste region of Paraíba had no significant variation after three years. After the three-year period, the ICLF promoted no significant physical improvement in the attributes of the evaluated Planosol.
CELL DAMAGE, WATER STATUS AND GAS EXCHANGES IN CASTOR BEAN AS AFFECTED BY CATIONIC COMPOSITION OF WATER
Authors: LIMA GEOVANI SOARES DE , GHEYI HANS RAJ , NOBRE REGINALDO GOMES , SOARES LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS , SANTOS JOÃO BATISTA DOS
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Castor bean is an oilseed crop which is able to adapt to various edaphoclimatic conditions and has considerable contents of oil in its seeds, with potential for use in the castor oil industry. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate changes in membrane damage, water status and gas exchanges in castor bean plants (cv. ‘BRS Energia’) in response to irrigation water salinity and cationic composition. Randomized blocks were used to test six cationic compositions (S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na+ + Ca2+; S5 - K+ and S6 - Na+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+), in four replicates. Plants in the control treatment were subjected to irrigation using water of low electrical conductivity (S1 - ECw = 0.6 dS m-1), whereas those in the other treatments were irrigated using 4.5 dS m-1 water prepared with different cations. Higher leaf succulence associated with lower water saturation deficit is an indication of tolerance to salt stress in castor bean plants irrigated with K+-rich water. The presence of Na+ in irrigation water caused the highest water saturation deficit in castor bean leaf blades. The lowest damage in cell membranes was observed in plants irrigated with Ca2+-rich water. The damaging effect of salt stress on castor bean gas exchanges depends on the cationic composition of water and occurred in the following order: Na+>Na++Ca2+>Ca2+> Na++Ca2++Mg2+>K+.
GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY OF Atriplex nummularia UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL MOISTURE AND SALINE TAILINGS
Authors: OLIVEIRA ALINE SHEYLA LEAL DE , SOUZA EDUARDO SOARES DE , PESSOA LUIZ GUILHERME MEDEIROS , FERREIRA-SILVA SÉRGIO LUIZ , SOUZA RODOLFO MARCONDES SILVA , ANTONINO ANTONIO CELSO DANTAS
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The disposal of the tailings (wastes) from desalinators is a growing problem, especially in semi-arid regions, and it is necessary to study halophytes such as Atriplex nummularia for the reuse of these saline waters. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the interaction between levels of soil water content and salinity of irrigation water, gas exchange and growth of Atriplex nummularia Lindl. The plants were cultivated in vases with soils under two moisture levels (50 and 100% of the field capacity) and irrigated with saline waters from dilution of the desalinator waste, to obtain the following electrical conductivities (EC) of 0.39; 1.54; 2.15; 2.79; and 3.63 dS m-1. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 160 days, with a triple factorial arrangement of 2x5x3, in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The photosynthetic, biometric and plant biomass parameters were evaluated. Irrigation with saline water reduced the net photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΔF/Fm’), photochemical quenching (qP) and the electron transport rate (ETR) of the plants for the two conditions of soil moisture. However, it did not impair the efficiencies of water use (WUE) and carboxylation (EIC) of plants. Plant growth rate and leaf biomass were stimulated under irrigation with saline water (EC ≤ 3.63 dS m-1), and when associated with soil moisture of 100% FC leaf biomass gains > 100% were obtained.
Crop systems and topdressing nitrogen on grain yield and technological attributes of common bean under no-tillage
Authors: Mingotte Fábio Luíz Checchio , Lemos Leandro Borges , Jardim Celso Antônio , Fornasieri Filho Domingos
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Common bean has been the main crop in succession to corn and Brachiaria in no-tillage systems, in the Brazilian Savannah. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of crop systems and topdressing nitrogen on grain yield and technological attributes of common bean under no-tillage. A randomized block design, in a split-plot arrangement, with four replications, was used. The plots consisted of three crop systems (corn in sole crop, corn + Urochloa ruziziensis intercropped and U. ruziziensis in sole crop) and the subplots by five nitrogen rates (0 kg ha-1, 40 kg ha-1, 80 kg ha-1, 120 kg ha-1 and 160 kg ha-1). There is interaction between predecessor cropping systems and N rates for grain yield, milling efficiency specifically on sieve 13, as well as for the grain hydration ratio. Increasing topdressing N rates applied on common bean in succession to corn in sole crop promote increases in grain yield, resulting in a milling efficiency in the oblong-hole sieve 14 higher than in the other crop systems evaluated. The increase of the topdressing N rates applied on common bean in succession to corn and U. ruziziensis in sole crops or intercropped does not influence the time for maximum hydration of the grains, but reduces their cooking time, mainly in succession to U. ruziziensis and corn in sole crops.
Does seed size affect the germination rate and seedling growth of peanut under salinity and water stress?
Authors: Steiner Fábio , Zuffo Alan Mario , Busch Aécio , Sousa Tiago de Oliveira , Zoz Tiago
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Seed size is an important indicator of physiological quality, since it may affect seed germination and seedling growth, especially under stress conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of seed size on germination and initial seedling growth, under salinity and water stress conditions. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme: three seed size classes (small, medium and large) and three stress treatments (control, saline or water stress), with four replicates. Water and salt stresses do not reduce the germination rate of medium and large seeds; however, the germination rate of small seeds is reduced under salt stress conditions. Drought stress drastically reduces the shoot growth of seedlings regardless of seed size, whereas root growth is higher in seedlings from medium and large seeds under water stress conditions. Under non-stressful environments, the use of large seeds is preferable, resulting in more vigorous seedlings with a greater dry matter accumulation. Medium-size seeds are more adapted to adverse environmental conditions and, therefore, should be used under conditions of water shortage and salt excess in the soil at sowing time. Seedlings are more tolerant to salinity than to water stress during the germination stage and initial growth under laboratory conditions.