bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trauma is not the whole story: Trajectories of responses to childhood disasters intertwining with Life following the Indian Ocean tsunami
Authors: Taube Dayan Shira
Published: June 2023

In an era of global threats, understanding the implications of disasters on young people's life course is of central importance. A particular emphasis should be placed on non‐Western economically developing societies that are considered as vulnerable and are less studied, and on social groups within these societies that are underrepresented. The present study focuses on young Sri Lankan women who experienced the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami as children. Thirteen young women generated their life stories in semi‐structured interviews, 12 years after the disaster had elapsed. Holistic narrative analysis revealed new variations and in‐depth meanings in disaster response trajectories and presented the intertwining courses of the responses to the Potentially Traumatic Event (PTE) with ecological aspects throughout development, as in Trajectories intertwining with Life (TiL). This study provides empirical, methodological, conceptual and practical innovations to the study of human development throughout the life course, within the interdisciplinary fields of trauma and disasters.

Highlights

This research is interested in how childhood disaster response trajectories among an understudied population are understood through an ecological‐developmental perspective.

Life stories uncover Trajectories intertwining with Life (TiL) among Sri Lankan women who were children during the Indian Ocean tsunami.

The TiL unique outcomes, integrating trauma responses as inseparable from ecological and developmental aspects, offer various theoretical and applied implications.
Effectiveness, safety and quality of life of trifluridine/tipiracil in pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Real‐world data from the noninterventional TACTIC study in Germany
Authors: Kröning Hendrik , Göhler Thomas , Decker Thomas , Grundeis Marc , Kojouharoff Georgi , Lipke Jörg , Semsek Dieter , Moorahrend Enno , Sauer Annette , Bruch Harald‐Robert , Liersch Rüdiger , Nusch Arnd , Vehling‐Kaiser Ursula , Welslau Manfred , Grunewald Ralf , Harich Hanns‐Detlev , Stephany Marcel , Uhlig Jens , de Buhr Rebecca , Frank Melanie , Hogrefe Cathrin , Marschner Norbert , Potthoff Karin , Hartmann Frank , Reisländer Timo , Schwaner Ingo
Published: June 2023

The prospective, multicenter, noninterventional TACTIC study assessed effectiveness and safety of trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in a real‐world setting in Germany, thus evaluating the external validity of the findings from the pivotal RECOURSE trial. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary objectives included progression‐free survival (PFS), safety, and quality of life (QoL). Subgroups comprised patients with good (<3 metastatic sites at inclusion, ≥18 months from diagnosis of first metastasis to inclusion) or poor (remaining patients) prognostic characteristics (GPC/PPC). GPC without liver metastases was considered best prognostic characteristics (BPC). In total, 307 eligible patients (pretreated or not suitable for other available therapies) were treated with FTD/TPI. Overall, median [95%‐CI] OS was 7.4 months [6.4‐8.6], median PFS was 2.9 months [2.8‐3.3]. In BPC (n = 65) and GPC (n = 176) compared to PPC (n = 124) subgroup, median OS (13.3 [9.1‐17.6] vs 8.9 [7.6‐9.8] vs 5.1 [4.4‐7.0] months) and median PFS (4.0 [3.3‐5.3] vs 3.4 [3.0‐3.7] vs 2.6 [2.4‐2.8] months) were longer. Patient‐reported QoL, assessed by validated questionnaires (EQ‐5D‐5L, PRO‐CTCAE), was stable throughout FTD/TPI treatment. Predominant FTD/TPI‐related adverse events of grades 3 or 4 were neutropenia (13.0%), leukopenia (7.5%), and anemia (5.2%). Altogether, palliative FTD/TPI therapy in patients with pretreated mCRC was associated with prolonged survival, delayed progression, maintained health‐related QoL, and manageable toxicity. Low metastatic burden and indolent disease were favorable prognostic factors for survival. TACTIC confirms the effectiveness and safety of FTD/TPI, highlighting its value in routine clinical practice.
Impact of messaging on views of depression treatment options: Examining credibility and expectations
Authors: Gonzalez August R. , Strunk Daniel R.
Published: June 2023

Objective

Understanding how people respond to information about treatment options is important for informing efforts that promote treatment initiation and adherence. We examined the impact of informational treatment videos on treatment naive participants' views regarding the credibility of and their expectations for three treatment options.

Materials and Methods

Adults (N = 300) who had experienced elevated depressive symptoms but had not participated in a treatment for depression were randomly assigned to one of four conditions. Three of the conditions were shown videos, providing information about (1) cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), (2) antidepressant medication (ADM), or (3) the combination of CBT and ADM. The fourth condition was not shown a video. Participants' self‐reported views of the credibility of and expectations for treatment served as primary outcome variables.

Results

Compared with the control condition, videos about active treatments enhanced credibility and expectations for those treatments. When comparing CBT and ADM alone, messaging about either treatment enhanced credibility of and expectations for that treatment. The CBT only video produced the most positive expectations and highest credibility for CBT. Likewise, the ADM only video led to the most positive expectations and credibility for ADM. The video focused on combined treatment did not lead to particularly positive views of the combined treatment option.

Conclusion

These findings demonstrate the importance of providing focused messaging to enhance the credibility of and expectations for treatment. Future research is needed to examine the impact of messaging in different contexts, as well as the impact of such messaging on treatment seeking, adherence, and outcomes.
Eco‐efficiency improvements in the propylene‐to‐epichlorohydrin process
Authors: Madej Łukasz , Kiss Anton A
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Epichlorohydrin (ECH) production is an important industrial process, owing to its importance in windmill blade manufacture, but it suffers from several drawbacks such as high energy use, large wastewater production and low atom efficiency. This original study investigates a novel chlorohydrin‐free technology with an enhanced separation system for ECH production. Rigorous process simulations were performed in Aspen Plus for the classic and novel processes, and a fair techno‐economic and sustainability comparison was made between the new catalytic oxidation route and the classic chlorohydrin process.

RESULTS

For the hydrogen peroxide (HP) process route, a novel separation system was developed using methanol as solvent, which enables high purity of ECH. Moreover, allyl chloride (ACH) purification was optimized using thermally coupled distillation to improve the energy efficiency of ACH production. The novel HP process provides 88% higher atom efficiency, about 10% higher yield and a smaller amount of by‐products, as well as a 13% increase in production capacity and major savings of 98% in wastewater production, while also achieving lower energy use (<40 MJ kg−1 ECH) and reduced carbon dioxide emission (1.13 kg kg−1 ECH).

CONCLUSION

The developed HP process route is feasible and economically viable. Also, it can be partly retrofitted to existing ECH plants based on the chlorohydrin route. As both processes use the same intermediate product, only the ECH part of a classic process would be replaced by the novel route, while keeping the common ACH part. This approach is the most profitable, as only 55% of capital expenditure is required for this modification, while the plant would benefit from all the improvements provided by the novel process. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Development of the prognostic value in lung adenocarcinoma based on anoikis‐related genes and initial experimental validation
Authors: Guo Wenwei , Zhao Guang , Liu Suping , Deng Tao , Zhang Guangjian , Zhang Boxiang
Published: June 2023

Background

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly aggressive cancer in advanced stages and has the highest cancer‐related death across the world. Anoikis has emerged as a specific form of apoptotic cell death that may play a vital role in the formation and development of tumors.

Methods

Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, we developed a novel anoikis‐related genes (ARGs) signature in LUAD and evaluated the differences between low and high‐risk groups in clinical characteristics, expression patterns, immune cell infiltration, and drug sensitivity, etc. According to multivariate Cox regression analysis, the risk score was identified as a significant independent prognostic factor. The possible biological pathways of ARGs' were assessed by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. The immune infiltration landscape and risk score of ARGs were analyzed by ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT analysis. A nomogram grounded on six key ARGs and clinicopathological features was provided. Moreover, experiment validation of the expression patterns of six hub ARGs in lung cancer cell lines was conducted.

Results

We identified 53 survival‐related LUAD anoikis‐related differentially expressed genes and finally six hub anoikis genes (LDHA, SLC2A1, SERPINB5, ITGB4, BRCA2, and PIK3R1) were selected to construct an ARG model. The risk model could efficiently cluster the patients into low‐ and high‐risk groups which could accurately predict clinical outcomes for LUAD patients. There is evidence that the prognostic risk score is a remarkable prognostic factor in determining overall survival. Different immune statuses and drug sensitivity between low‐ and high‐risk groups were explored according to functional analysis. On the basis of risk scores and LUAD clinicopathological features, a novel nomogram was developed. Ultimately, all six key genes except for PIK3R1 were proved to be upregulated in LUAD tissues and cell lines by bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Conclusions

The result of the present study suggest that ARGs could be carcinogenic to LUAD and could be used as an effective stratification factor to customize therapies and forecast the survival rate in LUAD patients.
用手圧迫止血法による体外式膜型人工心肺のカニューレ抜去と仮性動脈瘤形成に関する検討(Pseudoaneurysm formation after percutaneous decannulation of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with manual compression)
Authors: 正樹 高橋 , 就 田原 , 峰司 早川
Published: June 2023

【目的】Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation（VA–ECMO）の送血カニューレ抜去時に用手圧迫で止血を行った場合の，仮性動脈瘤が形成される頻度を調査した。【対象】2000年6月から2019年12月の間に当院に救急搬送され，入院中にVA–ECMOを導入した18歳以上の患者を対象とし，後方視的に検討を行った。ECMO導入中もしくは離脱後24時間以内に転院・死亡した患者，手術中のみECMOを使用した患者，カニューレ抜去時に外科的血管縫合術を行った患者は除外した。対象患者のカルテ情報を基に，VA–ECMO離脱後の仮性動脈瘤形成の有無を評価し，その頻度を調査した。また，仮性動脈瘤の形成群と非形成群に分け，患者背景，カニューレ径，ECMO導入期間，体外循環式心肺蘇生の割合を比較した。仮性動脈瘤形成例に対しては，その後に要した処置を調査した。【結果】142例が解析対象となり，そのうち6例（4.2%）にVA–ECMO離脱後の仮性動脈瘤形成がみられた。6例中4例は用手圧迫により仮性動脈瘤が消失し，1例は外科的血管修復術を要した。動脈瘤形成群と非形成群の間で，収集項目の統計学的有意差はみられなかった。【結語】当院において，VA–ECMOのカニューレ抜去時に用手圧迫で止血した場合，その後の仮性動脈瘤形成頻度は4.2%であった。
Edoxaban treatment in atrial fibrillation in routine clinical care: One‐year outcomes of the prospective observational ETNA‐AF study in South Korean patients
Authors: Choi Eue‐Keun , Choi Jong‐Il , Park Hyoung‐Seob , Hwang Gyo‐Seung , Joung Boyoung , Kim Jong‐Youn , Kim Dae‐Hyeok , Shin Dong Gu , Park Hyung Wook
Published: June 2023

Background

The real‐world outcomes of edoxaban treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) were analyzed in the ETNA‐AF (Edoxaban Treatment in Routine Clinical Practice) study involving data from multiple regional registries. This report addresses effectiveness and safety of edoxaban in the Korean ETNA‐AF population.

Methods

One‐year data from 1887 Korean ETNA‐AF participants were analyzed according to edoxaban dose and patient age and compared with results of other ETNA‐AF registries.

Results

Approximately 70% of patients received the recommended doses of edoxaban (60 mg/30 mg); non‐recommended 60 mg and 30 mg doses were prescribed to 9.6% and 19.8% of the patients, respectively. The proportions of reference age (<65 years), youngest‐old (65–74 years) and middle‐old/oldest‐old (≥75 years) groups were 21.4%, 40.2%, and 38.4%, respectively. Incidence of major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding was similar within dose (0.57%–1.71%) and age subgroups (1.26%–1.63%). Incidence of net clinical outcome, a composite of stroke, systemic embolic event, major bleeding, and all‐cause mortality, was also comparable among dose subgroups (1.14%–3.10%) and age subgroups (2.28%–2.78%). The percentage of Korean patients receiving non‐recommended 30 mg (19.8%) was over twice that of the European population (8.4%). However, the clinical outcomes were generally similar among different populations included in the ETNA‐AF study.

Conclusions

The outcomes in the Korean ETNA‐AF population are like those in the global ETNA‐AF population, with overall low event rates of stroke, major bleeding and all‐cause mortality across age and dose subgroups. Edoxaban can be used effectively and safely in specific populations of Korean AF patients, including the elderly.
Edible, strong, and low‐hygroscopic bacterial cellulose derived from biosynthesis and physical modification for food packaging
Authors: Cheung Ka Man , Jiang Zhuolun , Ngai To
Published: June 2023

Background

The pervasive presence of plastic packaging has led to significant environmental contamination due to excessive reliance on petrochemicals and the inherent non‐biodegradability of these materials. Bacterial cellulose (BC) films present a viable alternative for food packaging applications, owing to their environmentally friendly synthesis process, non‐toxic nature, robust mechanical strength, and biodegradability. However, the high hygroscopicity of such bio‐based materials has limited their widespread adoption, as it results in diminished strength and barrier properties. In this study, a novel approach for creating edible, transparent, robust, and high‐barrier BC‐based composite packaging was proposed through biosynthesis with the incorporation of soy protein isolate and the physical interpenetration of calcium alginate‐polyethylene glycol as a composite coating.

Results

The finding demonstrated that the synthesized bio‐based composite material exhibits stability in water, high optical transparency, complete oil resistance, and full degradability within 1 to 2 months. Furthermore, the composite material displayed enhanced mechanical properties in both dry and wet conditions, with a tensile strength of approximately 84 MPa, outperforming commercially available kraft paper and low‐density polyethylene.

Conclusions

Soy protein isolate established a rigid, coherent, and homogeneous network with BC fibrils, thereby augmenting mechanical properties. Calcium alginate can be effectively combined with BC, utilizing polyethylene glycol as a binder and plasticizer, to generate a densely packed structure with reduced hygroscopicity. This bio‐based composite material demonstrated considerable potential for application in food packaging and other value‐added sectors as a substitute for non‐degradable plastics. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Bioinspired Platelet‐Anchored Electrospun Meshes for Tight Inflammation Manipulation and Chronic Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Tianci , Xiang Zehong , Liu Lei , Ma Zhifang , Panteleev Mikhail , Ataullakhanov Fazly I. , Shi Qiang
Published: June 2023

Tight manipulation of the initial leukocytes infiltration and macrophages plasticity toward the M2 phenotype remain a challenge for diabetic wound healing. Inspired by the platelet function and platelet–macrophage interaction, a platelet‐anchored polylactic acid‐b‐polyethylene glycol‐b‐polylactic acid (PLA‐PEG‐PLA) electrospun dressing is developed for inflammatory modulation and diabetic wounds healing acceleration. PLA‐PEG‐PLA electrospun meshes encapsulated with thymosin β4 (Tβ4) and CaCl2 is fabricated with electrospinning, followed by immersion of electrospun mesh in platelet‐rich plasma to firmly anchor the platelets. It is demonstrated that the anchored platelets on electrospun mesh can enhance the initial macrophage recruitment and control the Tβ4 release from electrospun meshes to facilitate the macrophages polarization to the M2 phenotype. The inflammatory regulation promotes the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and the migration of vascular endothelial cells for angiogenesis, resulting in accelerated diabetic wounds healing. Therefore, this work paved a new way to design platelet‐inspired electrospun meshes for inflammation manipulation and diabetic wound healing.
Iminopyridine Copper Complex‐Based Catalysts for 1,3‐Dienes Stereospecific Polymerization
Authors: Ricci Giovanni , Leone Giuseppe , Zanchin Giorgia , Masi Francesco , Zacchini Stefano , Bresciani Giulio , Guelfi Massimo , Pampaloni Guido
Published: June 2023

Some novel copper complexes are synthesized by reacting copper(II) dichloride and copper(II) dibromide with a series of pyridyl‐imine ligands differing in the nature of the substituents at the iminic carbon and at the imino nitrogen atom. All the complexes are characterized by analytical and infrared data: for some of them single crystals are obtained, and their molecular structure is determined by X‐ray diffraction. The complexes are combined with methylaluminoxane (MAO) for the polymerization of 1,3‐dienes (i.e., 1,3‐butadiene and isoprene) obtaining active and selective catalysts and, in case of isoprene, polymers with quite unusual structures, i.e., predominantly alternating cis‐1,4‐alt‐3,4 structures containing cis‐1,4 units sequences within the polymer chain.
A wideband CMOS LNA using noise‐canceling topology and gm‐boosting technique
Authors: Zheng Yishan , Feng Wenjie , Chen Jiawen , Zhu Haoshen , Qin Pei , Shi Yongrong , Che Wenquan , Xue Quan
Published: June 2023

In this letter, a wideband low noise amplifier (LNA) using noise‐canceling topology and gm‐boosting technique is proposed. The noise‐canceling topology is used in the common gate (CG) amplifier to achieved better noise figure (NF) and wideband input matching. Meanwhile, the requirement of the input transconductance can be obviously decreased due to the application of gm‐boosting technique, which effectively alleviate the trade‐off between power consumption and voltage gain. The 3‐dB bandwidth of the LNA is from 2.1 to 4.1 GHz, covering widely used 5 G wireless communication frequency bands (n1, n7, n38, n41, n66, and n78 bands). The proposed LNA shows a flat and low measured NF of 3.3–3.6 dB within the operating bandwidth, while the peak power gain is 18.7 dB. The power consumption of this circuit is 16 mW with 1.2 V supply voltage, and the core area of the circuit is 0.066 mm2 with only one inductor for the whole chip.
Amide proton transfer‐weighted MRI features of acute ischemic stroke subtypes
Authors: Song Guodong , Chen Yuhui , Luo Xiaojie , Gong Tao , Yang Huan , Zhou Jinyuan , Li Chunmei , Chen Min
Published: June 2023

Stroke is a highly heterogeneous disorder with distinct subtypes, and the stroke subtype influences the outcome. Amide proton transfer‐weighted (APTW) MRI has been demonstrated to be promising in stroke patients, but the image characteristics of stroke subtypes have not been sufficiently investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the APTW MRI features of different subtypes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Ninety‐two AIS patients presenting within 96 h of symptom onset were enrolled and examined with a 3.0‐T MRI system. Patients were grouped into four subtypes: lacunar circulation infarcts (LACI, n = 33); total anterior circulation infarcts (TACI, n = 9); partial anterior circulation infarcts (PACI, n = 28); and posterior circulation infarcts (POCI, n = 22). APTW values in the lesion (APTWlesion) and the contralateral normal‐appearing region (APTWcontral) were measured. The change in APTW values between the acute ischemic lesion and the contralateral normal‐appearing region (APTWles‐con) was calculated. A two‐sample t‐test, one‐way ANOVA, and the Chi‐square method were used. There were significant differences between APTWlesion and APTWcontral in the three categories of nonlacunar strokes (TACI, PACI, and POCI, all p < 0.01), but not for lacunar strokes (LACI, p = 0.080). TACI patients had the lowest APTWlesion and APTWles‐con in all groups (p < 0.05). In the POCI group, patients with supratentorial infarcts showed significant differences between APTWlesion and APTWcontral (p = 0.001), while the differences were not significant for infratentorial infarcts (p = 0.135). Our results suggest that the APT effect was heterogeneous in different stroke subtypes, and that APTW MRI gave an excellent performence in depicting nonlacunar AIS in supratentorial locations.
Tailorable mechanical and energy absorption behaviors of 3D printed continuous hybrid fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Zia Ali Akmal , Tian Xiaoyong , Zhang Manyu , Huang Yiming , Wu Lingling , Ghouri Muhammad Azeem , Zhou Jin , Kang Youwei , Li Dichen
Published: June 2023

3D printing of continuous fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRPCs) has expanded potential structural application in recent years. However, it is still challenging to tailor the mechanical and energy absorption properties of 3D‐printed composites to fulfill the requirements for critical application conditions. Herein, hybrid fiber (HF) reinforced composites have been prepared by 3D printing of CFRPCs and investigated on the mechanical and energy absorption behaviors. Continuous virgin carbon fibers (CF), Kevlar fibers (KF) (130 Deniers (D), and 200 Deniers (D)) and E‐glass fibers (GF) were used as reinforcing fibers to produce hybrid and non‐hybrids composites. Hybrid composites with different combination of CF + GF, CF + 130D KF, and CF + 200D KF showed tailorable behaviors, such as flexural modulus (16,691.74, 20,372.38, and 19,017.44 MPa), tensile modulus (15,022.6, 16,269.41, and 15,320.58 MPa). And energy absorption behaviors of CF + 130D KF and CF + 200D KF were tailored in both tensile (18,865.25 and 20,302.07 N‐mm, respectively) and bending (3594.54 and 3570.80 N‐mm, respectively) tests compared to other composites which will be ideal for energy absorption applications. Moreover, CF + GF showed tailored strength which could be used in the need of high stiffness. SEM images were providing strong evidence to resist the fracture and breakage patterns, by tailoring the stiffness and elongation properties of fibers in hybrids specimens. Furthermore, positive hybrid effects of CF + KF hybrids in tensile and bending tests were also showing an ideal match of toughness and flexibility. In future, these cost and weight effective hybrids will have potential to apply in aerospace and automobile.
Theoretical descriptions on novel heteroatoms analogs of Hammick silylenes using density functional theory
Authors: Moradian Majid
Published: June 2023

In this investigation, we have been compared and contrasted the substituent effects on stability using ΔΕs‐t (Et − Es), frequency, ΔΕHOMO‐LUMO (ELUMO − EHOMO), polarity, polarizability, Mülliken charge distribution and reactivity descriptors of the singlet and triplet Hammick silylenes derived from silapyridine‐4‐ylidene (1‐s, 2x‐s, 3x‐s and 1‐t, 2x‐t, 3x‐t; x = NH, PH, AsH, O, S, and Se) as well as the synthesized dialkylsilylenes by West (4‐s), Denk (5‐s), and Kira (6‐s). In all cases, singlet (s) silylenes appear as ground states, exhibiting more stability than their corresponding triplet (t) states. All the above s and t silylenes appear as minima on their energy surfaces showing the positive force constant and the positive harmonic vibration frequency. Regardless of how orchestrated substituent groups in either “W” or “chair” position; the most stability is demonstrated by substitution of NH, and O groups in the fused pyrrole ring, while the least stability is considered by Kira's silylene. In contrast to previous report on the N‐Heterocyclic Hammick carbenes, silylenes, and germylenes (NHCs, NHSis, and NHGes) that size, type, orientation, and the number of fused rings pronounced effect on stability of the corresponding divalent species, here σ‐donor/π‐donor groups (such as PH, AsH, S, and Se) similar to σ‐acceptor/π‐donor groups (such as NH and O) stabilize their corresponding silylenes. Furthermore, the scrutinized singlet silylenes reveal lesser nucleophilicity (N), greater electrophilicity (ω), higher chemical potential (μ), higher global hardness (η), and lower global softness (S) than the analogous triplet silylenes. All singlet and triplet species show the maximum electronic charge (ΔNmax) with positive sign.
Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy and chromosomal structural rearrangement: A summary of a nationwide study by the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Iwasa Takeshi , Kuwahara Akira , Takeshita Toshiyuki , Taniguchi Yuka , Mikami Mikio , Irahara Minoru
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology conducted a nationwide clinical study to evaluate the pregnancy outcomes of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy or chromosomal structural rearrangement (PGT‐A/SR).

Methods

Patients that had experienced recurrent implantation failure, recurrent pregnancy loss, or chromosomal structural rearrangement were recruited from 200 fertility centers in Japan. For patients in whom one or more blastocysts were classified as euploid or euploid with suspected mosaicism, a frozen–thawed single embryo transfer (ET) was performed.

Results

A total of 10 602 cycles, maternal age 28–50 years, were enrolled in this study. 42 529 blastocysts were biopsied, and 25.5%, 11.7%, and 61.7% of embryos exhibited euploidy, mosaicism, and aneuploidy, respectively. At least one euploid blastocyst was obtained in 38.3% of egg retrieval cycles with embryo biopsy. A total of 6080 ETs were carried out, and the clinical pregnancy rate per ET, ongoing pregnancy rate per ET, and miscarriage rate per pregnancy were 68.8%, 56.3%, and 10.4%, respectively. The rates of clinical pregnancy and miscarriage remained relatively constant across all maternal ages.

Conclusions

Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy or chromosomal structural rearrangement may improve the pregnancy rate per ET and reduce the miscarriage rate per pregnancy, especially in patients of advanced maternal age.
Position and Orientation dependent Hybridization and Energy transfer of Dipole Emitter around Plasmonic Homodimers
Authors: Dahiya Annu , Krishnan Raishma , Senthil Kumar Pandian
Published: June 2023

A dipole emitter (analogous to organic molecules) placed near any dielectric or metal nanoparticles, based on their spatially constrained location and orientation, vividly emulate optical nanoantennas. Herein, we have extensively simulated the single dipole emitter interaction with spherical homodimers of noble metal gold and silver nanoparticles for different positional dependent orientations, exemplifying systematically the hybridization (Rabi splitting), quenching and diffuse non‐radiative energy transfer effects. The blue‐shifted scattering spectra of the coupled dipole emitter with individual Ag and Au homodimers quantify and corroborate the corresponding quantum yield/efficiency estimations. Such spatially oriented emitter interaction further distinctly reveals the enhanced near‐field and far‐field effects of the plasmonic dimer system in terms of dipolar and quadrupolar resonances, arising due to the induced polarization by respective incident electric and opto‐magnetic field components. Understanding the surface‐enhanced behavior of organic molecules that are either incorporated or randomly attached (experimentally) on the surface of metal nanoparticles will benefit greatly from the present comprehensive data analysis.
Advances in Mannich‐type Reactions Based on the Classification of Compounds with Activated α‐H
Authors: Lv Huiting , Du Yongli , Zhang Haibin , Zheng Yong , Yan Zhijia , Dong Ning
Published: June 2023

Mannich‐type reaction utilizes active α‐H compounds (aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids and their esters, nitroalkanes, nitriles, phenols, and alkynes), amines and aldehydes to synthesize β‐aminocarbonyl compounds, which are valuable intermediates for the synthesis of natural products and drugs. The reaction yield, enantioselectivity, diastereoselectivity, and regioselectivity of the Mannich reaction are mainly affected by the catalysts and structural characteristics of the reaction substrates. In particular, the structural features of the reaction substrates can be classified into the steric effect and electronic effects of the substituents. In this article, we summarize the developments of symmetric and asymmetric Mannich‐type reactions according to the type of reaction substrates and analyze the factors affecting the reaction yield, enantioselectivity, diastereoselectivity, and regioselectivity.
Self‐Synthesized POM‐Chitosan Material with Enzyme Mimetic Activities for Antioxidant Applications
Authors: Mbage Bawa , Qi Yu , Frimpong Regina
Published: June 2023

An organic‐POMs nanoparticle of PMo9V3/CS was successfully synthesized from chitosan (CS) and H6PMo9V3O40 (PMo9V3) by immobilized method. After characterization, PMo9V3/CS hybrids were determined to possess dual enzyme properties similar to peroxidase and oxidase (KO3). PMo9V3/CS exhibited good kinetic activity towards H2O2 and could catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 to generate ⋅OH and reactive oxygen species respectively. It also showed stability in wide pH range between 3 to 8. Based on the high peroxidase‐mimetic and ROS activities, PMo9V3/CS for the first time was used as a nanomaterial to exhibit antibacterial properties against E. coli (gram negative bacterium). PMo9V3/CS‐based antibacterial showed high proficiency in damaging the existing biofilm and preventing formation of new biofilm than H2O2. This performance was a contribution of the CS‐mediated membrane destabilization and POM‐mediated oxidation of bacteria in the electron transport chain, causing the deformation of rod shape morphology and the decrease of density count of the bacteria. Therefore, PMo9V3/CS shows excellent antioxidant activity and enzymatic‐stability for clinic application.
Hydration Numbers of Polyethylene Glycols Based on a New Viscosity Model
Authors: Abbasov Hakim
Published: June 2023

Due to the high solubility in water and the structural compatibility of polyethylene glycol with water molecules, it is a good model system for studying the mechanisms of interaction between water and biopolymers. The behavior of biopolymers in living organisms strongly depends on the hydration of macromolecules in the aquatic environment. In this work the effective hydration numbers of polyethylene glycols are determined using a new viscosity model developed for electrolytes and experimental data on the viscosity of dilute aqueous solutions of polyethylene glycols (300–35000). The calculated hydration numbers are in good agreement with the literature data and increase with increasing molecular mass of polyethylene glycol: as the molecular mass increases, starting from a molecular mass of 1000, the chain begins to fold in on itself, forming segment‐segment interactions, trapping additional, more loosely bound water between the segments. Based on the dependence of the intrinsic viscosity on the molecular mass according to the Mark‐Houwink equation, it is shown that PEGs are the flexible polymers and highly soluble in water.
All Resistive Pressure–Temperature Bimodal Sensing E‐Skin for Object Classification
Authors: Han Shilei , Zhi Xinrong , Xia Yifan , Guo Wenyu , Li Qingqing , Chen Delu , Liu Kangting , Wang Xin
Published: June 2023

Electronic skin (E‐skin) with multimodal sensing ability demonstrates huge prospects in object classification by intelligent robots. However, realizing the object classification capability of E‐skin faces severe challenges in multiple types of output signals. Herein, a hierarchical pressure–temperature bimodal sensing E‐skin based on all resistive output signals is developed for accurate object classification, which consists of laser‐induced graphene/silicone rubber (LIG/SR) pressure sensing layer and NiO temperature sensing layer. The highly conductive LIG is employed as pressure‐sensitive material as well as the interdigital electrode. Benefiting from high conductivity of LIG, pressure perception exhibits an excellent sensitivity of −34.15 kPa−1. Meanwhile, a high temperature coefficient of resistance of −3.84%°C−1 is obtained in the range of 24–40 °C. More importantly, based on only electrical resistance as the output signal, the bimodal sensing E‐skin with negligible crosstalk can simultaneously achieve pressure and temperature perception. Furthermore, a smart glove based on this E‐skin enables classifying various objects with different shapes, sizes, and surface temperatures, which achieves over 92% accuracy under assistance of deep learning. Consequently, the hierarchical pressure–temperature bimodal sensing E‐skin demonstrates potential application in human‐machine interfaces, intelligent robots, and smart prosthetics.
Non‐Cardiotoxic Tetradecanoic Acid‐2,4‐Dinitrophenol Ester Nanomicelles in Microneedles Exert Potent Anti‐Obesity Effect by Regulating Adipocyte Browning and Lipogenesis
Authors: Liang Shuang , Li Zekun , Bao Cheng , Liu Bin , Zhang Huijuan , Yuan Yu , Yan Huiling , Chen Shanan , Zhang Hui , Shi Wenbiao , Ren Fazheng , Li Yuan
Published: June 2023

Sustained oral uncoupler 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP) administration exerts prominent anti‐obesity effects, but the adipose tissue off‐target disadvantage leads to systemic adverse effects. A novel non‐cardiotoxicity DNP delivery method using a biocompatible microneedles patch containing the amphiphilic tetradecanoic acid‐DNP ester (TADNP) is described, which is synthesized via esterification on the phenolic hydroxyl of DNP. The TADNP is self‐assembled as nanomicelles, which enhance the endocytosis rate of DNP by adipocytes and its permeation in isolated adipose tissues. The microenvironment of adipose tissues promotes the massive release of DNP and plasma and simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The microneedles‐delivered TADNP nanomicelles (MN‐TADNP) effectively deliver DNP in treated adipose tissues and reduce DNP content in off‐target organs. Both oral and MN patch‐delivered TADNP micelles effectively exert anti‐obesity effects in a mouse model of high‐fat diet‐induced obesity; and noteworthily, MN‐TADNP exhibit more satisfactory biosafety than oral administration. Here, a smart MN patch loaded with tetradecanoic acid‐modified DNP is reported, which enhances its accumulation in adipose tissues and exerts an anti‐obesity effect without causing any systemic toxicity.
Construction of a Flexible Optogenetic Device for Multisite and Multiregional Optical Stimulation Through Flexible µ‐LED Displays on the Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Shang Xue , Ling Wei , Chen Ying , Li Chenxi , Huang Xian
Published: June 2023

Precisely delivering light to multiple locations in biological tissue is crucial for advancing multiregional optogenetics in neuroscience research. However, conventional implantable devices typically have rigid geometries and limited light sources, allowing only single or dual probe placement with fixed spacing. Here, a fully flexible optogenetic device with multiple thin‐film microscale light‐emitting diode (µ‐LED) displays scattering from a central controller is presented. Each display is heterogeneously integrated with thin‐film 5 × 10 µ‐LEDs and five optical fibers 125 µm in diameter to achieve cellular‐scale spatial resolution. Meanwhile, the device boasts a compact, flexible circuit capable of multichannel configuration and wireless transmission, with an overall weight of 1.31 g, enabling wireless, real‐time neuromodulation of freely moving rats. Characterization results and finite element analysis have demonstrated excellent optical properties and mechanical stability, while cytotoxicity tests further ensure the biocompatibility of the device for implantable applications. Behavior studies under optogenetic modulation indicate great promise for wirelessly modulating neural functions in freely moving animals. The device with multisite and multiregional optogenetic modulation capability offers a comprehensive platform to advance both fundamental neuroscience studies and potential applications in brain‐computer interfaces.
Pt‐Pd Nanoalloys Functionalized Mesoporous SnO2 Spheres: Tailored Synthesis, Sensing Mechanism, and Device Integration
Authors: Xue Lingxiao , Ren Yuan , Li Yanyan , Xie Wenhe , Chen Keyu , Zou Yidong , Wu Limin , Deng Yonghui
Published: June 2023

Methane (CH4), as the vital energy resource and industrial chemicals, is highly flammable and explosive for concentrations above the explosive limit, triggering potential risks to personal and production safety. Therefore, exploiting smart gas sensors for real‐time monitoring of CH4 becomes extremely important. Herein, the Pt‐Pd nanoalloy functionalized mesoporous SnO2 microspheres (Pt‐Pd/SnO2) were synthesized, which show uniform diameter (≈500 nm), high surface area (40.9–56.5 m2 g−1), and large mesopore size (8.8–15.8 nm). The highly dispersed Pt‐Pd nanoalloys are confined in the mesopores of SnO2, causing the generation ofoxygen defects and increasing the carrier concentration of sensitive materials. The representative Pt1‐Pd4/SnO2 exhibits superior CH4 sensing performance with ultrahigh response (Ra/Rg = 21.33 to 3000 ppm), fast response/recovery speed (4/9 s), as well as outstanding stability. Spectroscopic analyses imply that such an excellent CH4 sensing process involves the fast conversion of CH4 into formic acid and CO intermediates, and finally into CO2. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the attractive covalent bonding interaction and rapid electron transfer between the Pt‐Pd nanoalloys and SnO2 support, dramatically promote the orbital hybridization of Pd4 sites and adsorbed CH4 molecules, enhancing the catalytic activation of CH4 over the sensing layer.
Enhanced CO Affinity on Cu Facilitates CO2 Electroreduction toward Multi‐Carbon Products
Authors: Li Xiaotong , Qin Minkai , Wu Xiuju , Lv Xiangzhou , Wang Jianghao , Wang Yong , Wu Hao Bin
Published: June 2023

Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a promising strategy for waste CO2 utilization and intermittent electricity storage. Herein, it is reported that bimetallic Cu/Pd catalysts with enhanced *CO affinity show a promoted CO2RR performance for multi‐carbon (C2+) production under industry‐relevant high current density. Especially, bimetallic Cu/Pd‐1% catalyst shows an outstanding CO2‐to‐C2+ conversion with 66.2% in Faradaic efficiency (FE) and 463.2 mA cm−2 in partial current density. An increment in the FE ratios of C2+ products to CO  for Cu/Pd‐1% catalyst further illuminates a preferable C2+ production. In situ Raman spectra reveal that the atop‐bounded CO is dominated by low‐frequency band CO on Cu/Pd‐1% that leads to C2+ products on bimetallic catalysts, in contrast to the majority of high‐frequency band CO on Cu that favors the formation of CO. Density function theory calculation confirms that bimetallic Cu/Pd catalyst enhances the *CO adsorption and reduces the Gibbs free energy of the CC coupling process, thereby favoring the formation of C2+ products.
scLiverDB: a Database of Human and Mouse Liver Transcriptome Landscapes at Single‐Cell Resolution
Authors: Pan Qi , Li Borui , Lin Dong , Miao Ya‐Ru , Luo Tao , Yue Tao , Luo Qingming , Guo An‐Yuan , Zhang Zhihong
Published: June 2023

The liver is critical for the digestive and immune systems. Although the physiology and pathology of liver have been well studied and many scRNA‐seq data are generated, a database and landscape for characterizing cell types and gene expression in different liver diseases or developmental stages at single‐cell resolution are lacking. Hence, scLiverDB is developed, a specialized database for human and mouse liver transcriptomes to unravel the landscape of liver cell types, cell heterogeneity and gene expression at single‐cell resolution across various liver diseases/cell types/developmental stages. To date, 62 datasets including 9,050 samples and 1,741,734 cells is curated. A uniform workflow is used, which included quality control, dimensional reduction, clustering, and cell‐type annotation to analyze datasets on the same platform; integrated manual and automatic methods for accurate cell‐type identification and provided a user‐friendly web interface with multiscale functions. There are two case studies to show the usefulness of scLiverDB, which identified the LTB (lymphotoxin Beta) gene as a potential biomarker of lymphoid cells differentiation and showed the expression changes of Foxa3 (forkhead box A3) in liver chronic progressive diseases. This work provides a crucial resource to resolve molecular and cellular information in normal, diseased, and developing human and mouse livers.
Local Drug Delivery Techniques for Triggering Immunogenic Cell Death
Authors: Ren En , Wang Yanfang , Liang Tingxizi , Zheng Hanqi , Shi Jiaqi , Cheng Zesheng , Li Hongjun , Gu Zhen
Published: June 2023

Immunogenic cell death (ICD), a dying state of the cells, encompasses the changes in the conformations of cell surface and the release of damage‐associated molecular patterns, which could initiate an adaptive immune response by stimulating the dendritic cells to present antigens to T cells. Advancements in biomaterials, nanomedicine, and micro‐ and nano‐technologies have facilitated the development of effective ICD inducers, but the potential toxicity of these vesicles encountered in drug delivery via intravenous administration hampers their further application. As alternatives, the local drug delivery systems have gained emerging attention due to their ability to prolong the retention of high payloads at the lesions, sequester drugs from harsh environments, overcome biological barriers to exert optimal efficacy, and minimize potential side effects to guarantee bio‐safety. Herein, a brief overview of the local drug delivery techniques used for ICD inducers is provided, explaining how these techniques broaden, alter, and enhance the therapeutic capability while circumventing systemic toxicity at the same time. The historical context and prominent examples of the local administration of ICD inducers are introduced. The complexities, potential pitfalls, and opportunities for local drug delivery techniques in cancer immunotherapy are also discussed.
Reduction of Iron‐Ore Pellets Using Different Gas Mixtures and Temperatures
Authors: Korobeinikov Yuri , Meshram Amogh , Harris Christopher , Kovtun Oleksandr , Govro Joe , O’Malley Ronald J. , Volkova Olena , Sridhar Seetharaman
Published: June 2023

Direct reduction of iron ore (DRI) is gaining an increased attention due to the growing need to decarbonize industrial processes. The current industrial DRI processes are performed using reformed natural gas, which results in CO2 emission, although it is less than carbothermic reduction in the blast furnace. Carbon‐free reduction may be realized through the utilization of green H2 as a reducing agent, in place of natural gas. Herein, the effects of various gas mixtures and temperature on the reduction kinetics of the hematite iron‐ore pellets are focused on in this work. Pellets are reduced at 700, 800, 850, and 900 °C in hydrogen and using various gas mixes at 850 °C. Morphology of the pellets is investigated with the help of scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The effects of temperature and gas composition on the reduction kinetics and porosity of the pellets are discussed. A notable effect of reduction rate on the internal structure of the pellets is detected, slower reduction rate yielded bigger pores offsetting the gas composition. Higher temperature results in coarser pores and higher porosity. Increase of CO content in the gas mix also leads to bigger pore size.
Construction and Prospect of Noble Metal‐Based Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers
Authors: Guo Xiaoyan , Zhang Huimin , Shen Zichen , Liu Xianglin , Xia Wei , Ma Mengyao , Cao Dong
Published: June 2023

Engineering noble metal‐based electrocatalysts (NMEs) with high activity is of vital importance to accelerate the hydrogen production from proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). However, the poor stability and high price of NMEs greatly restrict the practical application. In this review, a series of strategies are summarized to boost the activity and reduce the cost of NMEs under acidic condition from the perspective of composition and structure optimization. The composition regulation through doping of metals or nonmetals can effectively inspire alloy effect or cocktail effect of NMEs, which provides an essential guidance to reduce the cost and enhance the stability of NMEs. Meanwhile, the structure optimization also directly improves the intrinsic activity of NMEs, which is comprehensively elaborated based on size, defect, and geometric effects. In addition, to extend the industrial application of PEMWEs, critical scientific issues behind the formulating of electrocatalyst slurry and coating method–PEMWEs performance relationships are fully clarified. Finally, the challenges for survivability of active center, catalytic mechanism research, and construction of membrane electrode are concluded. This review offers comprehensive and targeted guidelines for the rational design of NMEs for PEMWEs application.
Chromosome‐scale assembly and analysis of Melilotus officinalis genome for SSR development and nodulation genes analysis
Authors: He Qinguan , Li Zhengpeng , Liu Yanlong , Yang Hao , Liu Li , Ren Yi , Zheng Jiacheng , Xu Ronghua , Wang Songhua , Zhan Qiuwen
Published: June 2023

Melilotus officinalis is an important legume crop with forage and Chinese medicinal value. The unknown genome of M. officinalis restricted the domestication and utilization of the species and its germplasm resource diversity. A chromosome‐scale assembly of the M. officinalis genome was assembled and analysed. The 976.27 Mb of genome was divided into eight chromosomes covering 99.16% of the whole genome. A total of 50022 genes were predicted in the genome. M. officinalis and Melilotus albus shared a common ancestor 0.5–5.65 million years ago (MYA). A genome‐wide doubling event occurred 68.93 MYA according to the synonymous nucleotide‐substitution values. A total of 552102 tandem repeats were predicted, and 46004 SSR primers of TRs with 10 or more base pairs were developed and designed. The elucidation of the M. officinalis genome provides a compelling model system for studying the genetic, evolutionary and biosynthesis of this legume.