bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sugammadex versus Neostigmine for Reversal of Neuromuscular Blockade
in Adults and Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of
Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Chhabra Ridhi , Gupta Rachna , Gupta Lalit K.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Cholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine and edrophonium, commonly
used to reverse the residual effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs at the
end of surgery are associated with a high rate of residual neuromuscular blockade (NMB). Due to
its direct mechanism of action, sugammadex is associated with rapid and predictable reversal of
deep NMB. The current analysis compares the clinical efficacy and risk of postoperative nausea
and vomiting (PONV) on using sugammadex or neostigmine for routine NMB reversal in adult and
pediatric populations.

Methods:

PubMed and ScienceDirect were searched as the primary databases. Randomized controlled
trials comparing sugammadex with neostigmine for routine NMB reversal in adult and pediatric
patients have been included. The primary efficacy endpoint was the time from initiation of
sugammadex or neostigmine to the recovery of a time-of-four ratio (TOF) ≥ 0.9. PONV events
have been reported as secondary outcomes.

Results:

A total of 26 studies have been included in this meta-analysis, 19 for adults with 1574 patients
and 7 for children with 410 patients. Sugammadex, when compared to neostigmine, has
been reported to take a shorter time to reverse NMB in adults (mean difference = -14.16 min; 95%
CI [-16.88, -11.43], P < 0.01), as well as in children (mean difference = -26.36 min; 95% CI [-
40.16, -12.57], P < 0.01). Events of PONV have been found to be similar in both the groups in
adults, but significantly lower in children treated with sugammadex, i.e., 7 out of 145 with sugammadex
versus 35 out of 145 with neostigmine (odds ratio = 0.17; 95% CI [0.07, 0.40]).

Conclusion:

Sugammadex is associated with a significantly shorter period of reversal from NMB
in comparison to neostigmine in adult and pediatric patients. Regarding PONV, the use of sugammadex
for NMB antagonism may offer a better option for pediatric patients.
Review on Development of Automatic Docking System for Weapons and
Cabins
Authors: Tang Dedong , Cheng Chao , Quan Qiquan , Deng Zongquan , Liu Hao
Published: March 2023

Background:

In the manufacturing setup process of weapons, aviation, and aerospace, docking assembly is a key component in determining manufacturing efficiency and quality. The traditional docking method uses manual alignment, which depends on the experience and operation level of the workers, so the docking accuracy is low and the installation speed is slow. In response to this problem, how to achieve automatic docking of weapons and cabins has become a key technology.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to provide an overview of recent key technologies for automatic docking systems and introduce their respective classification, characteristics, and development.

Methods:

This paper reviews the patents and products related to the key technologies of automatic docking systems. The structural features, methodological principles, control characteristics and applications of the patents and products are summarized.

Results:

The key technologies related to different aspects of an automatic docking system are compared and analyzed, and the structural features, and methodological principles are also summarized. The problems of the current key technologies are analyzed, and the current status of research and future directions of the automatic docking system are discussed.

Conclusion:

According to the key technologies related to different aspects of the automatic docking system, they can be divided into motion mechanism, pose detection technology, and computer control technology. The accuracy, compliance, and flexibility of the automatic docking system can be improved by choosing the proper key technology. Further improvements are needed in terms of fast performance, robustness and authenticity, and more patents on key technologies of automatic docking systems should be invented.
The relationship between high school sociology teacher involvement in the MGMP and teacher's work commitment with its performance
Authors: Zubaida Siti , Hidayat Sholeh , Faturohman Nandang
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyze and describe the relationship between the involvement of SMA sociology subject teachers in the subject teacher conference (X1) with performance (Y), work commitment (X2) with teacher performance sociology (Y) and describe and analyze relationships involvement of high school sociology subject teachers in subject teacher conference (X1) and work commitment (X2) together with performance (Y) in Serang Regency High School, Banten Province, Indonesia. The method used in this study is a quantitative method that aims to reveal the relationship between high school sociology subject teacher involvement in subject teacher conference (X1) and work commitment (X2) with their performance (Y) in SMA Serang  Regency. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Analysis of the data used is an analysis of multiple correlations. The results of the study show: First, there is a positive and significant relationship between Teacher Involvement in the subject teacher conference and the performance of high school sociology teachers in Serang  Regency . This is shown by testing the correlation coefficient between X1 and Y; the rcount value is 0.764. Second, there is a positive and significant relationship between teacher work commitment and the performance of subject teacher conference sociology teachers. This is indicated by the rcount value of 0.726. Third, there is a positive and significant relationship between teacher involvement in subject teacher conference and teacher commitment and the performance of high school sociology teachers in Serang  Regency, with a correlation value of 0.764. This is shown through the calculated F value of 21.69.
Application Of Learning Management System (LMS) Simpai 7 As A Means Of Learning Social Studies at Junior High School 7 Bandung
Authors: Prayogi Dimas Dwi , Supriatna Nana , Kusmarni Yani
Published: March 2023

The availability of adequate learning facilities must support the achievement of a marginal learning process. This study aims to manage and describe social studies teachers implementing the SIMPAI 7 Learning Management System (LMS) as a learning tool at Junior High School 7 Bandung. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research informants were a student of classes VI C, VI E, and VII H and teachers of Junior High School 7 Bandung. Data collection techniques in this study include interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that: (1) in Junior High School  7 Bandung applied LMS SIMPAI 7 as a learning tool due to changes in the learning system, limited time allocation, and the availability of ICT-based learning facilities; (2) the process of managing LMS SIMPAI 7 carried out by IPS teachers includes planning, implementation, and evaluation: (3) The effectiveness of the implementation of LMS SIMPAI 7 is categorized as sufficient, especially in terms of improving students' understanding and learning outcomes; and (4) perceived obstacles in implementing LMS SIMPAI 7 such as delays in collecting assignments and websites that are difficult to access.
Critical Criteria and Countermeasures for Mobile Health Developers to Ensure Mobile Health Privacy and Security: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Rezaee Rita , Khashayar Mahboobeh , Saeedinezhad Saeed , Nasiri Mahdi , Zare Sahar
Published: March 2023

Background

Despite the importance of the privacy and confidentiality of patients’ information, mobile health (mHealth) apps can raise the risk of violating users’ privacy and confidentiality. Research has shown that many apps provide an insecure infrastructure and that security is not a priority for developers.

Objective

This study aims to develop and validate a comprehensive tool to be considered by developers for assessing the security and privacy of mHealth apps.

Methods

A literature search was performed to identify papers on app development, and those papers reporting criteria for the security and privacy of mHealth were assessed. The criteria were extracted using content analysis and presented to experts. An expert panel was held for determining the categories and subcategories of the criteria according to meaning, repetition, and overlap; impact scores were also measured. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used for validating the criteria. The validity and reliability of the instrument were calculated to present an assessment instrument.

Results

The search strategy identified 8190 papers, of which 33 (0.4%) were deemed eligible. A total of 218 criteria were extracted based on the literature search; of these, 119 (54.6%) criteria were removed as duplicates and 10 (4.6%) were deemed irrelevant to the security or privacy of mHealth apps. The remaining 89 (40.8%) criteria were presented to the expert panel. After calculating impact scores, the content validity ratio (CVR), and the content validity index (CVI), 63 (70.8%) criteria were confirmed. The mean CVR and CVI of the instrument were 0.72 and 0.86, respectively. The criteria were grouped into 8 categories: authentication and authorization, access management, security, data storage, integrity, encryption and decryption, privacy, and privacy policy content.

Conclusions

The proposed comprehensive criteria can be used as a guide for app designers, developers, and even researchers. The criteria and the countermeasures presented in this study can be considered to improve the privacy and security of mHealth apps before releasing the apps into the market. Regulators are recommended to consider an established standard using such criteria for the accreditation process, since the available self-certification of developers is not reliable enough.
Strategies for Alleviating the Burden Experienced by Informal Caregivers of Persons With Severe Mental Disorders in Transitional Countries: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Silaule Olindah , Adams Fasloen , Nkosi Nokuthula Gloria
Published: March 2023

Background

Caregiver burden is highly prevalent among the informal caregivers of persons with severe mental disorders (SMDs). As such, strategies to support informal caregivers are necessary to enable them to cope with their caregiving role. Currently, there is limited evidence on the extent of existing strategies for supporting informal caregivers of persons with SMDs in transitional countries.

Objective

This study presents a scoping review protocol to identify and describe the extent and type of evidence on the existing strategies for alleviating caregiver burden among informal caregivers of persons with SMDs in transitional countries.

Methods

This scoping review will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews. The participants, concept, and context framework will be used to select relevant studies. This review will include studies on strategies for addressing caregiver burden among informal caregivers, with a specific focus on studies outlining caregiver interventions, caregiver support, and policies with strategies for supporting informal caregivers of persons with SMDs. Relevant studies conducted in transitional countries will be considered for inclusion. There will be no restrictions on publication type or design. Published literature will be accessed by searching electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO; ProQuest will be used to access gray literature. Additionally, the reference lists of key studies will be reviewed to identify studies for inclusion. The search will be restricted to articles published between 2011 and 2021. Two reviewers will work independently to screen all abstracts and full texts for inclusion in line with the set inclusion criteria. Extracted data will be categorized and described using descriptive qualitative content analysis.

Results

This protocol will guide a scoping review to identify and describe the extent and type of evidence on the existing strategies for alleviating caregiver burden among informal caregivers of persons with SMDs in transitional countries. The main results of this scoping review will synthesize evidence from peer-reviewed and gray literature sources outlining various services and interventions for supporting informal caregivers of people with SMDs in transitional countries. In addition, existing gaps in the literature will be identified to inform future studies.

Conclusions

The increase in caregiver burden among informal caregivers in mental health warrants the development and implementation of strategies for alleviating the burden. This scoping review aims to increase awareness on the various services and intervention strategies for alleviating burden among informal caregivers in transitional countries.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR1-10.2196/44268
The Health Care Utilization and Medical Costs in Long-Term Follow-Up of Children Diagnosed With Leukemia, Solid Tumor, or Brain Tumor: Population-Based Study Using the National Health Insurance Claims Data (Preprint)
Authors: Miser James S , Shia Ben-Chang , Kao Yi-Wei , Liu Yen-Lin , Chen Shih-Yen , Ho Wan-Ling
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Childhood cancer survivors are at a high risk of medical consequences of their disease and treatment. There is growing information about the long-term health issues of childhood cancer survivors; however, there are very few studies describing the health care utilization and costs for this unique population. Understanding their utilization of health care services and costs will provide the basis for developing strategies to better serve these individuals and potentially reduce the cost.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine the utilization of health services and costs for long-term survivors of childhood cancer in Taiwan.

METHODS

This is a nationwide, population-based, retrospective case-control study. We analyzed the claims data of the National Health Insurance that covers 99% of the Taiwanese population of 25.68 million. A total of 33,105 children had survived for at least 5 years after the first appearance of a diagnostic code of cancer or a benign brain tumor before the age of 18 years from 2000 to 2010 with follow-up to 2015. An age- and gender-matched control group of 64,754 individuals with no cancer was randomly selected for comparison. Utilization was compared between the cancer and no cancer groups by χ2 test. The annual medical expense was compared by the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test.

RESULTS

At a median follow-up of 7 years, childhood cancer survivors utilized a significantly higher proportion of medical center, regional hospital, inpatient, and emergency services in contrast to no cancer individuals: 57.92% (19,174/33,105) versus 44.51% (28,825/64,754), 90.66% (30,014/33,105) versus 85.70% (55,493/64,754), 27.19% (9000/33,105) versus 20.31% (13,152/64,754), and 65.26% (21,604/33,105) versus 59.36% (38,441/64,754), respectively (all P<.001). The annual total expense (median, interquartile range) of childhood cancer survivors was significantly higher than that of the comparison group (US $285.56, US $161.78-US $535.80 per year vs US $203.90, US $118.98-US $347.55 per year; P<.001). Survivors with female gender, diagnosis before the age of 3 years, and diagnosis of brain cancer or a benign brain tumor had significantly higher annual outpatient expenses (all P<.001). Moreover, the analysis of outpatient medication costs showed that hormonal and neurological medications comprised the 2 largest costs in brain cancer and benign brain tumor survivors.

CONCLUSIONS

Survivors of childhood cancer and a benign brain tumor had higher utilization of advanced health resources and higher costs of care. The design of the initial treatment plan minimizing long-term consequences, early intervention strategies, and survivorship programs have the potential to mitigate costs of late effects due to childhood cancer and its treatment.
A Pay-It-Forward Approach to Improve Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Testing Uptake Among Female Sex Workers in China: Venue-Based Superiority Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Tang Weiming , Xie Yewei , Xiong Mingzhou , Wu Dan , Ong Jason J , Wi Teodora Elvira , Yang Bin , Tucker Joseph D , Wang Cheng
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Regular chlamydia and gonorrhea testing are essential for key populations, such as female sex workers (FSWs). However, testing cost, stigma, and lack of access prevent FSWs in low- and middle-income countries from receiving chlamydia and gonorrhea testing. A social innovation to address these problems is “pay it forward,” where an individual receives a gift (free testing) and then asks whether they would like to give a gift to another person in the community.

OBJECTIVE

This cluster randomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness and cost of the pay-it-forward strategy in increasing access to chlamydia and gonorrhea testing among FSWs in China.

METHODS

This trial integrated a pay-it-forward approach into a community-based HIV outreach service. FSWs (aged 18 years or older) were invited by an outreach team from 4 Chinese cities (clusters) to receive free HIV testing. The 4 clusters were randomized into 2 study arms in a 1:1 ratio: a pay-it-forward arm (offered chlamydia and gonorrhea testing as a gift) and a standard-of-care arm (out-of-pocket cost for testing: US $11). The primary outcome was chlamydia and gonorrhea test uptake, as ascertained by administrative records. We conducted an economic evaluation using a microcosting approach from a health provider perspective, reporting our results in US dollars (at 2021 exchange rates).

RESULTS

Overall, 480 FSWs were recruited from 4 cities (120 per city). Most FSWs were aged ≥30 years (313/480, 65.2%), were married (283/480, 59%), had an annual income <US $9000 (301/480, 62.7%), and had never been tested for chlamydia (401/480, 83.5%) or gonorrhea (397/480, 82.7%). Chlamydia and gonorrhea test uptake in the pay-it-forward and standard-of-care arms were 82% (197/240) and 4% (10/240), respectively, with an adjusted proportion difference of 76.7% (lower bound 95% CI 70.8%). All those who tested positive were referred to and received treatment at local sexually transmitted infection clinics. This finding was consistent when adjusting for marital status, income, inconsistent condom use during commercial sex in the last 3 months, and HIV testing history. Among 197 women who received tests in the pay-it-forward arm, 99 (50.3%) donated money, with a median donation of US $1.54 (IQR 0.77-1.54). The economic cost per person tested was US $568.71 for standard of care and US $43.20 for pay it forward.

CONCLUSIONS

The pay-it-forward strategy has the potential to enhance chlamydia and gonorrhea testing for Chinese FSWs and may be useful for scaling up preventive services. Further implementation research is needed to inform the transition of pay-it-forward research into practice.

CLINICALTRIAL

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000037653; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=57233
Cardiac Rehabilitation Facebook Intervention (Chat): A Feasibility study (Preprint)
Authors: Siegmund Lee , Bena James F. , Morrison Shannon L.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Cardiac rehabilitation adherence is low. Social media has been used to improve motivation and cardiac rehabilitation completion, but the authors did not find Facebook interventions for these purposes in the literature.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of the Chat intervention for affecting change in exercise motivation and need satisfaction, and adherence to cardiac rehabilitation.

METHODS

The Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3 and Psychological Need Satisfaction for Exercise were used to measure motivation and need satisfaction (competence, autonomy, relatedness) before and after the Chat intervention. To support need satisfaction, the intervention included educational posts, supportive posts, and interaction with peers. The feasibility measures included recruitment, engagement, and acceptability. Groups were compared using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Paired t-tests were used to assess motivation and need satisfaction change, and Pearson or Spearman correlations for continuous variables.

RESULTS

Thirty-two participants were lost to follow-up and twenty two were included in analysis. Higher motivation at intake [0.53(0.14, 0.78), p=0.010], and change in need satisfaction-autonomy [0.61(0.09, 0.87), p=0.024] were associated with more completed sessions. No between group differences were found. Engagement included “likes” (n=210) and “hits” (n=157). For acceptability, mean scores on a 1 (not at all)-5 (quite a bit) Likert for feeling supported and in touch with providers were 4.6 and 4.4 respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Acceptability of the Facebook group was high. Those with greater motivation at intake completed more sessions, indicating its importance in cardiac rehabilitation completion. Despite challenges with recruitment and engagement, important lessons were learned.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov # NCT02971813

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/resprot.7554
Hanlam: Marriage payment in the 21st Century: A Case Study from Wokha Town
Authors: W Mhabeni , Pongen Dr. Moameren
Published: March 2023

Marriage is one of the oldest social institutions in human society. During this occasion, some marriage payments are made in the form of bride price, dower, and dowry. In the Lotha community, a marriage payment, "Hanlam" is practiced. Hanlam is different from any of the marriage payments mentioned above. Thus the study's main objective is to find out the relevance of the Hanlam practiced among the Lotha community and its impact on women's rights. The paper is descriptive, where the respondents were selected based on purposive sampling. Altogether 50 couples from Wokha town were interviewed. The study found that Hanlam still holds relevance among the Lotha couples as it indirectly benefits the newly married couple not only in terms of monetary help but through hanlam the couples are recognised and accepted by their kin, especially the groom is regarded as one of the kin members by the brides' paternal kins. Furthermore, it is the only traditional practice left in Lotha marriage ceremony. Finally, the continuation of the practice of Hanlam has not led to the curtailment of women's rights.
El mandato de los dioses. Etnomedicina entre los tsotsiles de Chamula y Chenalhó, Chiapas
Authors: Page Pliego Jaime Tomás
Published: March 2023

Este libro trata sobre los jpoxtavanejetik (los que ayudan a sa­nar) entre los tsotsiles de Chamula y Chenalhó, Chiapas, y en mayor de­talle sobre los j'iloletik (los que sienten/escuchan la sangre), que en las últimas décadas han experimentado cambios en su forma de concebir el mundo y de practicar el mandato de ayudar a las personas a mantener la salud y a recuperarse de las enferme­dades y otros infortunios, y que han optado por agruparse de manera organizada en busca de interlocución con la sociedad global.
Museo Nacional de Antropología: Antecedentes, reformas; sala y colección teotihuacanas, 2ª parte: 1948-2004
Authors: García-García Enrique , Medina-González José Humberto
Published: March 2023

Continuación de la revisión de la historia del Museo Nacional de Antropología de la Ciudad de México (MNA) y de su sala y colección teotihuacanas a partir de la creación del nuevo edificio para este museo en el Bosque de Chapultepec en 1964. Explicamos el gran esfuerzo que significó la planeación, construcción y montaje del nuevo MNA y de su sala teotihuacana en particular;

así como de las novedades de aquel proyecto museístico. Se investigaron las procedencias e historia de las piezas de la colección en sala (que en muchos casos se había prácticamente perdido), también la historia de la catalogación del MNA. Posteriormente a este clímax de la evolución de la historia del MNA, que afortunadamente permaneció durante unos 36 años en exhibición, vino el periodo de reformas de 1998-2004, el cual analizamos para concluir que no había estado a la altura del montaje de 1964.
juego infinito de la apertura humana. (Castoriadis, tal y como yo lo imagino)
Authors: Esquivel-Marin Sigifredo
Published: March 2023

La obra de Cornelius Castoriadis es una de las apuestas y propuestas más poderosas y originales que busca repensar la condición humana desde la intersección entre ontología, política, ética y educación como alternativa frente la crisis civilizatoria actual. Su pensamiento profundamente creador consiste en examinar el ser humano desde la imaginación radical como una forma de sortear todo determinismo y también todo catastrofismo. Su obra crítica despliega una creación radical que no tiene antecedentes en la filosofía heredada en su conjunto. Aquí se abordan algunos temas y problemas de la sociedad contemporánea a partir de algunas ideas castoridianas. Pensar con Castoriadis conlleva abrir el presente al juego infinito de su apertura creadora.
Mosquito Larvicidal Activity of Chitinase of Pseudomonas putida Mb 12 against the Human Vector Aedes aegypti
Authors: Paul Mini K. , Mathew Jyothis
Published: March 2023

The main dengue and Zika vector, Aedes aegypti, is a cosmotropic species. Since dengue fever cases have significantly increased in recent years, these organisms seem to be extremely detrimental. Synthetic pesticides are not biodegradable, are non-selective, and have adverse effects on beneficial organisms being handled in the vector management system. In the present study, the mosquitocidal potential of chitinase from P. putida Mb 12 was evaluated in an effort to identify risk-free options for the control of mosquitoes. Larvicidal toxicity of Pseudomonas putida Mb 12 chitinase were evaluated on IVth-instar larva of Ae. aegypti and their effect on acetylcholinesterase activity and glutathione S-transferase activity were studied. The early 4th instar larvae of Ae. aegypti were exposed to chitinase enzyme concentrations of 50U/mL, 100U/mL, 200U/mL, and 500U/mL for a period of 4 hours to assess their effectiveness. The results showed that as chitinase concentration increased, mosquito larvae mortality increased; after 4 hours, chitinase at 500 U/mL caused 100% mortality. After 4 hours of incubation, 200 U/mL was administered to achieve LC50 (which kills 50% of the exposed organisms), and after 3 hours, 500 U/mL was used to obtain LC90 values. During the study, it was discovered that different quantities of chitinase (100 U/mL, 200 U/mL, and 500 U/mL) inhibited 80% of the activity of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. This study found that chitinase significantly increased glutathione S-transferase activity. Additionally, it was discovered that the chitinase treatment was non-hazardous to guppy fish. It was assumed that the P. putida Mb 12 chitinase tested was safe to employ in the aquatic habitat because no mortality was observed in the non-target organisms.
A Clinico-Microbiological Study of Blood Stream Infections in a Tertiary Referral Hospital: Colistin Resistance & Challenges
Authors: Kaur Samandeep , Chaudhary Jyoti , Gupta Veenu
Published: March 2023

Carbapenems, frequently used for the treatment of infections caused by Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are being reported with increased resistance rate. Colistin with other antibiotics has emerged as a saviour but inappropriate reporting of colistin susceptibility is a serious clinical concern. To detect the antimicrobial resistance of GNB isolates obtained from blood samples, further, colistin Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) testing of carbapenem-resistant isolates was done by the Broth Micro-dilution Method (BMD). This prospective study was done in the Department of Microbiology from January 2020 to December 2020. The GNB isolated from blood samples were identified & antimicrobial-susceptibility testing was performed by the Vitek 2 system. Colistin MIC of carbapenem-resistant isolates was done by the BMD method. The data were statistically analysed using SPSS 21. Growth was obtained in 5% of blood samples and 546 (75.8%) of these were GNB including predominantly E.coli, Klebsiella spp & Acinetobacter spp. Carbapenem-resistant infections 246 (48.5%) showed significant association with ICU admission, resistance to other classes of antibiotics & mortality. Among the carbapenem-resistant isolates, only seven (2.9%) were found resistant to colistin by the BMD test. Most of these were Klebsiella spp. (71.4%) & obtained predominantly from ICU patients (85.7%). All the carbapenem-resistant isolates were found intermediate sensitive to colistin by the VITEK-2 system. The isolates of GNB were characterized as MDR 323 (59.2%), XDR 164 (30%) and PDR 2 (0.4%). Use of, colistin, should be guided by BMD, the reference method for MIC testing to avoid erroneous reporting of colistin resistance.
Speciation and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida isolated from Immunocompromised Patients of a Tertiary Care Centre in Gujarat, India
Authors: Anita  , Kumar Santosh , Pandya Himani Bhardwaj
Published: March 2023

Candida species are one of the most common causes of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. An upsurge in incidence of less common species of Candida have been documented since last few years as the major cause of candidemia all over the world and they are also less susceptible to azoles, particularly fluconazole, than C. albicans. The purpose of study was speciation and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida isolates, obtained from immunocompromised patients. The study included 150 consecutive immunocompromised patients and was initiated after the ethical approval from Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Institutional Ethical Committee (SVIEC). Informed consent was obtained from all and a Detailed Questionnaire regarding the Patient’s history and clinical findings were noted. All the specimens were subjected to a battery of microbiological examination for isolation, identification, and antifungal susceptibility testing. In our study, the incidence of candidiasis in immunocompromised patients was43.1%.C.tropicalis(n=23,37.09%) was the most common species isolated followed by C. albicans (n=20, 32.25%), C. glabrata (n=15,24.19%) and C. parapsilosis (n=4, 6.45%). The isolates showed 100% sensitivity to Amphotericin B and Nystatin, whereas 37.09% sensitivity to Ketoconazole, 20.9% sensitivity to clotrimazole, 19.35% sensitivity to itraconazole and 14.5% sensitivity to Fluconazole. The study undoubtedly indicates a substantial move in the species from C. albicans to Non-albicans Candida and with added resistance to common antifungal drugs.
ChrR Gene Variability in Cr-stressed Leptolyngbya boryana for the Biotransformation of Cr (VI) to Cr (III)
Authors: Yadav Ajit Pratap Singh , Dwivedi Vinay , Kumar Satyendra , Kumar Anil
Published: March 2023

Chromium (VI) is a well-known pollutant that is present in industrially polluted soil and water, and has been reported to be mutagenic and carcinogenic. In the present study, we investigated the effective use of Leptolyngbya boryana (cyanobacterium) as an eco-friendly option to overcome Cr (VI) toxicity in tannery effluents. The main objective of this study was to identify the Cr reductase (ChrR) gene and its variability in the context of Cr (VI) stress. Industrial polluted soil samples were collected and processed according to standard protocols for ChrR variation and 16S rDNA gene analysis. Genomic DNA was isolated from the collected samples and the ChrR and 16S rDNA genes were amplified by PCR. Amplified 16S rDNA was sequenced and aligned with known sequences. In the present study, a strong correlation was established between the nucleotide sequences of the ChrR and 16S rDNA genes. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined for Cr (VI), and pure strains of L. boryana were identified and isolated from soil samples. Cr (VI)-stressed conditions and their genetic variability were confirmed by sequencing. In conclusion, the L. boryana strain has been identified an eco-friendly option for overcoming Cr (VI) toxicity in tannery effluents.
Interspecies Interaction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli in vitro
Authors: Abdelwahab Ibrahim A. , Abozahra Rania R. , Sultan Shawky A. , Abd-elaal Hala M. , Abdelhamid Sarah M.
Published: March 2023

Microbial interactions are frequently categorized according to how they affect each population in a binary system. We aimed to determine the interaction between P . aeruginosa, S . aureus, and E . coli in-vitro. In this experimental hospitalized patients’ sputum, urine, and blood samples were used to collect a total of 90 clinical isolates for the study in Damanhour Medical National Institute, Behira, Egypt, followed by accurate identification and testing for antibiotic sensitivity. To examine the effect of the supernatant of P. aeruginosa on S. aureus and E. coli determined MIC using broth microdilution method. We also measured the activity of lasA protease by assessing the S. aureus cell lysis potential of P. aeruginosa culture supernatants. Extraction of pyocyanin was made to determine the change in the cell nature of S. aureus upon exposure to pyocyanin by using a scanning electron microscope and the shape of colonies on the culture media was determined. Finally, we detect lasA, operon phz, phzM, phzS and rhlAB genes for P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa showed a great impact on S. aureus isolates resistant to different antibiotics as it facilitates their killing and may drive the normal colonies of S. aureus into SCVs. The ability to form biofilm by S. aureus and E. coli decreased in the presence of Pseudomonas supernatant.
Exopolysaccharides Derived from Probiotic Bacteria and their Health Benefits
Authors: Bhandary Thejaswi , Kurian Christine , Muthu Magesh , Anand Asha , Anand Thirunavukarasou , Paari Kuppusamy Alagesan
Published: March 2023

Probiotic bacteria are producers of secretory products such as bacteriocins and polysaccharides. Both homopolymeric and heteropolymeric exopolysaccharides (EPS) present on the surface of microorganisms have shown beneficial properties. While the fact that they play a role in bacterial homeostasis is well established, studies exploring their health promoting effects have also gained traction. Some exopolysaccharides function by inducing immune tolerance, others act by evading immune responses such as those by B and T cells. The interaction between the EPS and the immune system helps protect the bacteria against an attack by the host immune system. Several exopolysaccharides also show tolerogenic properties by reducing the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing IL-10 production. They are also associated with anti-bacterial activity, anti-biofilm activity and anti-tumour properties. This review highlights the different types of exopolysaccharides and their health benefiting potentials. Better understanding of these mechanisms will pave the way for harnessing their potential to improve our health.
COVID-19 Vaccination in Paediatric Population of India: Current Status, Trends, Challenges and Recommendations
Authors: Mohi Gursimran Kaur , Yadav Bhavana , Singh Shaunik , Thakur Nisha
Published: March 2023

Paediatric population is the high-risk segment for the infection of COVID-19 due to weak immune status and low compliance to COVID-19 prevention protocols. The first dose of vaccination for the paediatric population is started in the fifth phase of vaccination, after the vaccination was administered to health workers, elderly individuals, and young adults. Present article aims to analyse the status, trends, and challenges in the implementation of the paediatric vaccination for COVID-19 and provide recommendations that could be taken under consideration by healthcare authorities while designing the second and third vaccination protocols for the paediatric population. Relevant articles published by various journals related to paediatric COVID-19 vaccination were searched from the different databases and analysed for the current status of vaccination, trends, challenges, compliance level, implementation hurdles, and other relevant information. Limited research is available in the paediatric domain for the COVID-19 vaccination. Few vaccines are approved for the paediatric population in India, including the Covaxin, ZyCoV-D, Corbevax and Covovax. It is recommended that the vaccination trials should be accelerated by the government agencies to make COVID vaccines available from other indigenous manufacturers. It is also recommended that the COVID-19 prevention protocol should be made in such a manner that children find that interesting and like to follow them.
Staphylococcus aureus as Food-Borne Disease: An Ongoing Threat in Public Health in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghizzi Mashael , Shami Ashwag
Published: March 2023

Majority of the global population have been affected by food-borne diseases, and Staphylococcus aureus is one of the causes of this disease. S. aureus can be transmitted through contaminated food and is a risk to universal human health because of its ability to produce toxins-staphylococcal enterotoxins. Additionally, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) furthered public health concerns. Although MRSA has been identified in food worldwide, little information is available on this topic locally and internationally. This review presents information on MRSA that was collected as evidence of such infections globally and in Saudi Arabia.
Sentiment Analysis: Methods, Applications, and Future Directions
Authors: Pathak Uddhav , Rai Er. Piyush
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Sentiment analysis is a rapidly evolving field that aims to automatically identify and extract subjective information from text data. In recent years, sentiment analysis has gained widespread attention due to its potential applications in various domains, such as marketing, social media analysis, and customer feedback analysis. In this review paper, we provide a comprehensive analysis of sentiment analysis techniques, including traditional rule-based methods, machine learning-based methods, and deep learning-based methods. We discuss the advantages and limitations of these methods and compare their performance in various settings. Furthermore, we examine the challenges and opportunities in sentiment analysis research and present future directions for the field. Overall, this review aims to provide a critical assessment of sentiment analysis techniques, applications, and future developments, and to assist researchers and practitioners in understanding the state-of-the-art in this important area of natural language processing
Analisis Pengaruh Investasi, Tenaga Kerja, IPM, PP TerhaAnalisis Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Pulau Jawa dap PDRB Pulau Jawa
Authors: Sari Nanda Intania Permata
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine how the influence of the value of investment, labor, human development index, and government spending on Gross Regional Domestic Product in Java for the period 2012-2021. The method used in this study is regression analysis of panel data and supporting software from eviews 9. The results of the study conclude that investment, labor, and human development index simultaneously and partially have a positive and significant effect on the gross regional domestic product of districts in Java. Meanwhile, government spending has a negative and significant impact on the gross regional domestic product of districts in Java.
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh nilai investasi, tenaga kerja, indeks pembangunan manusia, dan pengeluaran pemerintah terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto di Jawa periode 2012-2021. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi data panel dan software pendukung dari eviews 9. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa investasi, tenaga kerja, dan indeks pembangunan manusia secara simultan dan parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produk domestik regional bruto. kabupaten di Jawa. Sementara itu, pengeluaran pemerintah berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap produk domestik regional bruto kabupaten/kota di Pulau Jawa.
Tingkat Kemiskinan pada Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2015-2021
Authors: Akbar Ria Kartini , Arifin Zainal
Published: March 2023

Purpose study this is for analyze influence Product Domestic Regional, Index development Human , Total Population , Open Unemployment Rate to Poverty Rate On Regencies / cities in East Nusa Tenggara Province . Data analysis using analysis panel data regression and processed use eviews 9. Results Study Show that :Product Gross Regional Domestic significant and take effect positive where score coefficient of 0.003006 with score probability of 0.0433. Index Builder Man significant and Where is the negative effect score coefficient as big - 2.494387 with score probability of 0.0001. Quantity Population significant and take effect positive where score coefficient as big 0.221135 with score probability 0.0000 . TPT is significant and Where is the negative effect score coefficient as big - 2.427167 with score probability of 0.0000.
 
Penelitian..ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh Produk Domestik Regional Bruto, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, Jumlah Penduduk, dan Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Analisis regresi data panel digunakan untuk mengevaluasi data, yang kemudian diolah dengan review 9. 1) Produk Domestik Regional Bruto signifikan dan mempunyai pengaruh positif, dengan nilai koefisien 0,003006 dan nilai probabilitas 0,0433. 2) Indeks Pembangun Manusia signifikan dan berpengaruh negative di mana nial koefisien sebesar -2.494387 dengan nilai probalitas sebesar 0.0001. 3) Jumlah Penduduk signifikan dan berpengaruh positif di mana nilai koefisien sebesar 0.221135 dengan nilai probalitas 0,0000. 4) TPT signifikan dan berpengaruh negative di mana nilai koefisien sebesar 2.427167 dengn nilai probalitas sebesar 0,0000.
An Action Research on the Implementation of the Process-Oriented Assessment in Major Courses for the Pre-Service English Teachers
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Yi Jyi-yeon , Kim Youngsook
Published: March 2023

Objectives The study attempted to implement the process-oriented assessment(POA) in secondary English teacher training courses and examined the aspects of course improvement and the perceptions of students and instructors.
Methods As an action research, the current study was conducted systematically in four stages, which included selection of two major courses, redesign of course evaluation plans and development of evaluation rubrics, the administration of the POA-based courses, and the analysis of the students' survey and instructors’ reflective journals. Various POA-based methods such as project-based assessment, self-assessment, peer assessment, observation, presentation, and task performance evaluation were adopted including existing paper-and-pencil test.
Results As a result of the one-semester class operation, the improved aspects of the courses were the setting of balanced achievement standards, the establishment of connectivity between teaching, learning, and evaluation, the improvement of validity of evaluation, and the enhancement of students' participation in learning and autonomy. In addition, 52 students in the courses recognized the POA-based courses helpful in their professional development and growth as pre-service English teachers. Furthermore, the instructors perceived positive changes in their instructional behaviors conducive to students’ learning growth through adopting POA-based courses.
Conclusions This study is expected to contribute to the improvement of major subject assessment methods in universities and teacher training courses.
The Effects of fatigue, depression, and quality of life on leisure satisfaction of college students due to prolonged COVID-19
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Kyoung Mi
Published: March 2023

Objectives This study attempted to understand the relationship between fatigue, depression, quality of life, and leisure satisfaction of college students due to the prolonged COVID-19, and to understand the factors affecting leisure satisfaction.
Methods The convenience was extracted from college students who experienced more than one semester of non- face-to-face online lectures among 130 college students enrolled in 4-year colleges in C province. Data collection was conducted from June 1st to June 14th, 2021 and the non-face-to-face URL questionnaire was used for the collection. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS 19.0 program for the mean and standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression.
Results The leisure satisfaction of college students due to the prolonged COVID-19 has a positive(+)correlation with depression, negative correlation, and quality of life, and the higher the leisure satisfaction, the lower the depression and the higher the quality of life. In addition, as a result of analyzing the factors influencing college students' fatigue, depression, and quality of life on leisure satisfaction, fatigue and depression had no significant effect, and quality of life had a significant effect on leisure satisfaction, and the explanatory power of the model was 46%.
Conclusions The purposes of this study were to identify the degree of fatigue, depression, and quality of life of college students, and to identify leisure satisfaction according to the variation of the subjects, and to provide basic data for college students to lead their daily and leisure lives and improve mental health in a pandemic situation.
Analysis of Korea Research Trends in Science Teachers’ PCK
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Jisu , Choi Aeran , Yang Jungeun
Published: March 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to analyze research studies published in Korea accredited journals and examine research trends in science teachers’ pck so that we provided implications on following up studies and preservice and inservice science teacher education.
Methods The purpose of this study was to analyze research studies published in Korea accredited journals and examine research trends in science teachers’ pck so that we provided implications on following up studies and preservice and inservice science teacher education.
Results There were 61 research studies that investigated science teachers’ pck components and interactions between components, 34 research studies examining changes in science teachers’ pck, 28 research studies examining pck embedded in teacher difficulties, requests, perceptions, etc. There were 23 research studies investigating relationships between pck and other variables or impacts of programs targeting pck development, 22 research studies for theoretical frameworks, and 7 research studies examining perceptions on science teacher professionalism.
Conclusions Research studies examining science teachers’ pck in teaching context imply that professional development programs are needed for teacher knowledge of student understanding and teacher knowledge of assessment. Further studies are needed to investigate teacher pck development about various science subjects and topics for long periods more than one year. Research studies about impacts on preservice pck imply that teaching experiences are critical to preservice teachers’ pck development and observations of teachers’ teaching performance are critical to inservice teachers’ pck development through mentoring, coteaching, and instruction consulting.