bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Identification and Collective Action Participation in the Internet Age: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Akfirat Serap , Uysal Mete Sefa , Bayrak Fatih , Ergiyen Tolga , Üzümçeker Emir , Yurtbakan Taylan , Özkan Özlem Serap
Published: June 2020

There is a debate about the dynamics of participation in collective actions in the Internet age whether different or not from the engage in conventional ones. Some scholars claimed that the role of shared social identity is relatively unimportant in the Internet age. In order to clarify whether collective actions in the digital age still rely on social identification or not, we conducted a meta-analysis of 40 studies (N = 16,933) focused on digitally-mediated collective actions. We examined the relationship between social identification and collective action, and the possible moderator effects of group type, participation type, and WEIRDness of sample. We found a strong relationship between social identification and collective action participation. Group type was a significant moderator showing the relationship is much stronger in the emergent group compared to the pre-existing group. We discussed the theoretical implications of the results emphasized the basic dynamics of collective actions.
The Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure is not suitable for individual use
Authors: Hussey Ian
Published: June 2020

Vahey et al.’s (2015) meta-analysis concluded that the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure has potential “as a tool for clinical assessment”. Here I present evidence to the contrary. Using a large open dataset, 95% Confidence Intervals were calculated for each participant’s D scores via bootstrapping. Results demonstrate that Confidence Intervals are extremely wide; only a small fraction of individuals were shown to have non-zero IRAP effects; only a small fraction of individuals’ D scores were discriminable from other individuals’ D scores; and individuals’ confidence intervals spanned roughly half the total observed range. Using an alternative scoring algorithm, the Probabilistic Index (PI), did not consistently improve these metrics. Lastly, the IRAP was also shown to be substantially inferior to the most popular implicit measure, the Implicit Association Test, on each of these metrics. In its currently form, the IRAP is therefore unsuitable for individual level use or assessment in both research and applied contexts.
Ethnic Differences in Perceptions of Mental Illness: Examining Intergroup Relations
Authors: Aringer Alexandra Sara , Calanchini Jimmy
Published: June 2020

People with mental illness are often stereotyped as dangerous, unstable, or unreliable, and these stereotypes perpetuate prejudice against those who are already vulnerable. However, many of these stereotypes are Eurocentric due to a lack of diversity within psychology. The present, preregistered research investigates whether depictions of mental illness are idiosyncratic to various racial/ethnic groups, or if these perceptions generalize across groups. Participants reported their endorsement of a series of mental illness descriptions (e.g., “This person spontaneously explodes in outbursts of anger”) as they apply to African Americans, Asian Americans, Hispanic/Latinxs, Caucasians, as well as to individuals with unspecified race/ethnicity. Exploratory factor analyses of these descriptions revealed three factors that describe mentally ill people -- ashamed, self-destructive, irresponsible -- and participants’ perceptions of mental illness on these three factors varied by racial/ethnic groups. Participants rated Asian Americans as more ashamed, but less self-destructive and irresponsible than other racial/ethnic groups. Conversely, participants rated Caucasians as less ashamed, but more self-destructive and irresponsible than other racial/ethnic groups. Perceptions of mental illness did not differ between Hispanic/Latinxs and African Americans. Additional analyses indicate that, compared to Caucasian participants, non-Caucasian participants rated mentally ill members of their ingroup as more ashamed but less self-destructive and irresponsible. This research indicates that participants from different racial/ethnic groups vary in the extent to which they ascribe different facets of mental illness to their ingroup versus outgroups. Implications for Eurocentric versus more diverse perceptions of mental illness are discussed.
Wearing face masks strongly confuses counterparts in reading emotions
Authors: Carbon Claus Christian
Published: June 2020

Wearing face masks is one of the essential means to prevent the transmission of certain respiratory diseases such as COVID-19. Although acceptance of such masks increases in the Western hemisphere, many people feel that social interaction is affected by wearing a mask. In the present experiment, we tested the impact of face masks on the readability of emotions. The participants (N=41, calculated by an a priori power test; random sample; healthy persons of different ages, 18-87 years) assessed the emotional expressions displayed by twelve different faces. Each face was randomly presented with six different expressions (angry, disgusted, fearful, happy, neutral, sad) while being fully visible or partly covered by a face mask. Lower accuracy and lower confidence in one’s own assessment of the displayed emotions indicate that emotional reading was strongly irritated by the presence of a mask. We further detected specific confusion patterns, mostly pronounced in the case of misinterpreting disgusted faces as being angry plus assessing many other emotions (e.g. happy, sad and angry) as neutral. We discuss compensatory actions that can keep social interaction effective (e.g. body language, gesture and verbal communication), even when relevant visual information is crucially reduced.
Performance-based dynamic difficulty adjustment and player experience in a 2D video game: a controlled experiment
Authors: Robb Nigel , Zhang Bo
Published: June 2020

Dynamic difficulty adjustment (DDA) in video games involves altering the difficulty of a game based on real-time feedback from the player. Some approaches to DDA use measurements of player performance, such as success rate or score. Such performance-based DDA systems aim to provide a bespoke level of challenge to each player, so that the game is neither too hard nor too easy. Previous research on performance-based DDA shows that it is linked to better player performance, but finds mixed results in terms of player experience (e.g., enjoyment). Also, while the concept of flow is regarded as an important aspect of video game experience, little research has considered the effects of performance-based DDA on flow. We conducted an experiment on the effects of performance-based DDA on player performance, enjoyment, and experience of flow in a video game. 221 participants played either the DDA version of the game, a control version (difficulty remained constant), or an incremental version (difficulty increased regardless of performance). Results show that the DDA group performed significantly better. However, there were no significant differences in terms of enjoyment or experience of flow.
Supporting Capital Punishment for Rape Offenders as a Collective Retaliation against Honor Threat
Authors: Uysal Mete Sefa , Üzümçeker Emir , Boyacıoğlu İnci
Published: June 2020

Ambivalent sexism and related issues such as rape myths and gendered social norms serve to maintain structural gender inequalities. Exploring the implications of benevolent and hostile sexism separately in social practice, such as retaliatory acts in honour cultures, is essential for understanding gender‐based violence and inequalities. Although a vast majority of research focused on direct and interpersonal aggressive response or retaliatory acts against the honour threat in honour cultures, little is known about subtler collective social processes in honour‐damaging situations. To address the gap in our understanding of how retaliatory responses are carried out against honour threat in a subtler and collective way, we focused on the rising demands for reinstatement of the death penalty to stop the increased rates of sexual violence in Turkey as a collective retaliatory response against honour‐threat. To test this argument, we conducted a survey study with 450 participants to examine the role of ambivalent sexism, the gendered norms of honour culture, and rape myths in supporting the death penalty for rape offenders in Turkey. The results indicate that ambivalent sexism and honour culture's gendered norms predicted support for capital punishment. Furthermore, hostile sexism moderated the relationship between rape myth acceptance and support for death penalty. We find that individuals who have high hostile sexism and strong rape myth acceptance do not support capital punishment. These findings contribute to our understanding of the social mechanisms related to hostile and benevolent sexism which results in support for the death penalty in Turkey.
Recursive Adversarial Reasoning in the Rock, Paper, Scissors Game
Authors: Brockbank Erik , Vul Edward
Published: June 2020

In this study, we investigate people’s ability to predict and adapt to the behavior of others in order to make plans of their own, a cornerstone of cooperative and competitive behavior. Participants played 300 rounds of rock, paper, scissors against another human player. We investigate the degree to which participants are able to identify patterns in their opponent’s behavior in order to exploit them in subsequent rounds. We find strong evidence that participants exploit their opponents over the course of 300 rounds, suggesting that people identify dependencies in their opponent’s move choices during the game. Nonetheless, analysis of dependencies across participant move choices reveals that people exhibit a number of regularities in their own moves. Based on these dependencies, we argue that participants are far from optimal in their exploiting, suggesting that there are substantial constraints on people’s ability to identify and adapt to patterned opponent behavior across repeated interactions.
Widening the divide: the impact of school closures on primary science learning
Authors: Canovan Cherry , Fallon Naomi
Published: June 2020

Please note that this paper has now been published in SN Social Sciences and I would encourage you to access the peer-reviewed version at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43545-021-00122-9. Prolonged Covid-19-related school closures in the UK raised concerns that science teaching and learning at primary level would be negatively impacted. This paper reports the findings of phase 1 of a study that the authors are conducting with teachers and parents to explore this issue. We found that a significant proportion of teachers were providing less science during lockdown than in the normal school week. Teachers, particularly those working in more deprived areas, reported that translating the science curriculum for home learning had been difficult, with concerns around resources, internet access and parental ability to help. Some areas of the curriculum posed particular difficulties, leading to a narrowing of topics being taught. Both teachers and parents felt that schools prioritised English and maths above science. Meanwhile some parents reported that their children had engaged in sophisticated extracurricular activities, bolstered by resources available at home and knowledgeable adult help, but others said that their children had done no science at all. Parents who had studied science at post-compulsory level were much more comfortable in helping their children with science home learning. These factors combine to create conditions which may exacerbate existing inequalities as to who can access science education and careers.
A Framework for Classifying and Assessing Sea Level Rise Risk
Authors: Hauer Mathew , Hardy Dean , Kulp Scott , Mueller Valerie , Wrathall David , Clark Peter , Oppenheimer Michael
Published: June 2020

Population risk assessments of sea level rise are key to understanding the impacts of climate change on coastal communities and necessary for adaptation planning. Future sea level rise exposes coastal populations to a spectrum of risk, but assessments often define exposure narrowly, such as areas experiencing permanent inundation only. We reviewed the most common sea level rise exposure assessment methods and identified three widely used spatial definitions of physical exposure risk: mean higher high water, the 100-year floodplain, and the low-elevation coastal zone. Taken individually, each treat risk to sea level rise as binary (affected or not affected), resulting in narrow definitions, homogenizing risk and exposure across space and time. We present a framework that integrates and smooths these classifications under a single continuous metric. To do so, we advance a sophisticated spatiotemporal flood-modeling approach -- expected annual exposure -- based on a probabilistic spatial envelope that unifies spatial extents between the high-tide line and the 10,000-year floodplain. We show that the effects from sea level rise will impact far more people far sooner than previously thought. In particular, our results suggest that single, binary extent assessments either underestimate or overestimate the magnitude of the at-risk populations while also spatially homogenizing the impacts to sea level rise. Our advance on modeling annual exposure provides a more robust and holistic assessment of the populations most at-risk to flooding from sea level rise. This typology can be used to guide new research connecting risk of sea level rise to related adaptation policies and planning.
Tarefa investigativa no ensino de derivadas em uma turma de licenciatura em matemática
Authors: Carlos José Ferreira Soares  , Marli Teresinha Quartieri
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar estratégias e conjecturas que os alunos da disciplina de Cálculo I de uma turma de Licenciatura em Matemática elaboram ao utilizarem tarefas investigativas envolvendo derivadas. Como base teórica, este estudo esteve pautado em Ponte, Brocardo e Oliveira (2016), Magalhães e Varizo (2016) em relação aos fundamentos da Investigação Matemática. A metodologia da pesquisa foi qualitativa, assistida pela observação participante e pela análise descritiva. Em especial, foi enfocado taxa de variação, máximos e mínimos de funções. Os resultados enfatizam que o desenvolvimento de tarefas investigativas em sala de aula, contribui para que o aluno seja ativo na busca da construção de conhecimento matemático. Para a formulação de conjecturas utilizaram diversas estratégias: simulações por meio da construção de quadros, desenhos, modelagem de funções e uso do Excel. Pode-se inferir que esta metodologia tem potencial para auxiliar o professor a desenvolver aulas mais dinâmicas e oferecer possibilidades de o aluno assumir o protagonismo na sua formação educacional.
Desenvolvimento de um jogo sério sobre produção animal aplicado ao curso técnico em agropecuária
Authors: Monteverde Martins Ramos Ilmara , Cristina Dias de Oliveira Brelaz Érika , Marcel Modesto de Paulo Frederico , Brito Ramos David
Published: June 2020

Cursos técnicos em agropecuária têm como objetivo preparar o discente para planejar, acompanhar e avaliar projetos agropecuários, analisando recursos disponíveis, situações técnicas, econômicas e sociais da propriedade rural. Os discentes destes cursos precisam de uma área para a prática de campo como uma fazenda. Porém existem casos que tal infraestrutura não está disponível. Este artigo apresenta um jogo sério implementado na forma de um ambiente virtual tridimensional (Fazenda 3D, versão 2.0) que simula uma propriedade rural. O usuário pode conhecer os setores da propriedade, tendo como objetivo realizar as missões “encurralada” e “vacinação”, além de responder às questões de quizzes que se encontram em placas espalhadas pelo ambiente. O software Fazenda 3D é um ambiente lúdico que pretende motivar por meio de jogo o interesse dos discentes por conteúdos das disciplinas técnicas de agropecuária. Além de auxiliar na compreensão dos conteúdos ministrados, o software permite ao discente maior desenvolvimento cognitivo de suas habilidades e competências, ao realizar as suas atividades profissionais. O software teve 100% de aprovação pela especialista da área técnica e pelos discentes do curso.
O ensino de gestão da produção utilizando a aprendizagem baseada em problemas (ABP) e a simulação de eventos discretos (SED)
Authors: Lopes Jaguaribe Pontes Heráclito , Holanda do Amaral Bruno , Veras Rodrigues Maxweel
Published: June 2020

Atualmente, novos desafios são exigidos no mercado de trabalho, como por exemplo, maior visão sistêmica e capacidade de resolução de problemas, com isso, as instituições de ensino têm sido estimuladas a aplicar metodologias ativas de aprendizagem. Este estudo aborda uma aplicação, em conjunto, da Simulação de Eventos Discretos (SED), através do Software Flexsim, e da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) como instrumentos de ensino de gestão da produção para alunos de um curso de Engenharia de Produção. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia com três níveis de problemas a serem solucionados em equipes e utilizando o simulador. Cada nível funcionou como um ciclo de aprendizagem da ABP. A avaliação do experimento apontou que 100% dos alunos concordaram que a metodologia ABP estimulou o aprendizado em sala de aula e trouxe resultados positivos para a disciplina optativa intitulada “Aplicações de Simulação em Sistemas de Produção e Logística”. Na pesquisa realizada, 73,7% dos alunos concordaram que estavam aptos a aplicar a simulação para a resolução de problemas, após o experimento. O programa Flexsim recebeu nota média geral muito boa, apresentando o melhor desempenho no critério de interface gráfica. Finalmente, a nota média para a aplicação das metodologias foi excelente, caracterizando um ótimo resultado e evidenciando os benefícios que estas poderiam trazer se utilizadas com mais frequência e em outras disciplinas do curso.
A Natural History Study of VCP Associated Vacuolar Myopathy in a Patient with the Common R155H Mutation
Authors: Kimonis Virginia , Sweetman David , Plewa Jake , Nguyen Minh , Kimonis Virginia
Published: June 2020

Background: IBMPFD (Inclusion Body Myopathy associated with Paget disease of the bone and
Frontotemporal Dementia) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease caused by VCP gene mutations. Very
little natural history data exists on this disease. We report a patient with a significant family history of
IBMPFD associated with the common R155H mutation in the VCP gene.
Objective: This study will address the lack of long-term data for muscle strength, and respiratory function
in IBMPFD. The hypothesis is that detailed analysis in a single patient will provide meaningful natural
history data in IBMPFD, a progressive neurodegenerative disease.
Method: Regression analysis was performed across multiple parameters related to myopathy including
dynamometry, MRC scale, IBM functional rating scale, pulmonary function studies and sleep quality.
Results: Measurements of this patient highlight progressive generalized weakness in proximal and distal
regions, decline in pulmonary function, and asymmetrical strength differences of the upper extremities.
Measurements over five years revealed an overall deterioration with a slope of -1.13 and R2 value of 0.77.
Conclusion: This unique data derived from long-term evaluations in a patient provides the first report of
the rate of progression of muscle weakness and pulmonary function deterioration in VCP associated
inclusion body myopathy.
QRS Complex Wavelet Analysis Can Distinguish Patients with and without Heart Failure, in the Presence of Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: Papathoma Kalliopi , Tsarouchas Anastasios , Mouselimis Dimitrios , Theofilogiannakos Efstratios , Christaina Eleni , Chouvarda Ioanna , Papathoma Kalliopi , Maglaveras Nikolaos , Chatzimiltiadis Stavros , Vassilikos Vassilios
Published: June 2020

Background: Left bundle branch block (LBBB) in heart failure (HF) patients is a negative predictor of
survival. This pattern is occasionally recorded in individuals without structural heart disease. The LBBB
morphology has not been previously analyzed in a time-frequency domain using wavelet analysis), and thus
the factors distinguish LBBB patients from individuals without structural heart disease remain unexplored.
The purpose of this analysis was to investigate the variations and the differences in LBBB morphology
between healthy individuals with LBBB and patients with HF and LBBB.
Methods: HF patients with LBBB and individuals with LBBB were included in this study. Signal-averaged
90-second Holter monitor recordings were extracted from each subject in orthogonal leads. QRS
decomposition in 9 time-frequency bands (TFB) was performed using Complex Morlet wavelets
transformation, while the mean and maximum energies of the QRS complexes were calculated for each of
the 9 TFBs. The wavelet parameters of HF patients were compared with those of healthy controls.
Results: Wavelet analysis was performed on ECG recordings of 69 HF patients and 17 individuals without
cardiac disease. The mean and max wavelet energies of the QRS complex in all TFBs were higher for heart
failure patients with LBBB, as compared to healthy individuals with LBBB. Differences were statistically
significant in TFB4 and TFB7 (max energy, axis X), TFB4 and TFB7 (max energy, axis Y) and TFB4 and
TFB7 (mean energy, axis Y). A multivariate logistic regression model, comprising of the aforementioned
wavelet parameters, proved reasonably capable of distinguishing between HF patients and healthy controls
with LBBB (AUC=0.854, 80.2% sensitivity and 80.3% specificity).
Conclusion: QRS wavelet analysis revealed differences in the template of the QRS complex between
healthy individuals with LBBB and heart failure patients with LBBB. This feature could be used as
part of the diagnostic algorithm, a possibility that should be investigated further.
Sensitivity of Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) Device for Lung Nodule Detection on Chest Radiography: A Real-Life Application
Authors: Chaudhry Ammar , Chaudhry Ammar , Moore William H.
Published: June 2020

Purpose: The radiographic diagnosis of lung nodules is associated with low sensitivity and specificity.
Computer-aided detection (CAD) system has been shown to have higher accuracy in the detection of lung
nodules. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect on sensitivity and specificity when a CAD system
is used to review chest radiographs in real-time setting.
Methods: Sixty-three patients, including 24 controls, who had chest radiographs and CT within three
months were included in this study. Three radiologists were presented chest radiographs without CAD and
were asked to mark all lung nodules. Then the radiologists were allowed to see the CAD region-of-interest
(ROI) marks and were asked to agree or disagree with the marks. All marks were correlated with CT studies.
Results: The mean sensitivity of the three radiologists without CAD was 16.1%, which showed a
statistically significant improvement to 22.5% with CAD. The mean specificity of the three radiologists was
52.5% without CAD and decreased to 48.1% with CAD. There was no significant change in the positive
predictive value or negative predictive value.
Conclusion: The addition of a CAD system to chest radiography interpretation statistically improves the
detection of lung nodules without affecting its specificity. Thus suggesting CAD would improve overall
detection of lung nodules.
Comparative Effectiveness of Laterally Placed Expandable versus Static Interbody Spacers: A 1-Year Follow-Up Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes Study
Authors: Li Yan Michael , Frisch Richard Francis , Huang Zheng , Towner James Edward , Li Yan Icy , Edsall Amber Lynn , Ledonio Charles
Published: June 2020

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.Purpose: This study compared the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients treated with expandable and static interbody spacers following minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-LLIF) with 12-month follow-up.Overview of Literature: A common surgical option for the treatment of degenerative disk disease (DDD) is MIS-LLIF using static or expandable spacers to restore disk height (DH), neuroforaminal height (NH), and segmental lordosis. Static spacers may require excessive trialing and aggressive impaction, potentially leading to endplate disruption and subsidence. Expandable spacers allow for in situ expansion to help address complications associated with static spacers.Methods: This is an Institutional Review Board-exempt review of 69 patients (static, n=32; expandable, n=37) diagnosed with DDD who underwent MIS-LLIF at 1–2 contiguous level(s) using static or expandable spacers. Radiographic and clinical outcomes were collected and compared at pre- and postoperative time points up to 12 months.Results: The expandable group had a significantly higher mean change in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months vs. static (∆VAS at 12 months: expandable, 6.7±1.3; static, 5.1±2.6). Mean improvement of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores at 3, 6, and 12 months were significantly better for the expandable group vs. static (∆ODI at 12 months: expandable, 63.2±13.2; static, 29.8±23.4). Mean DH and NH significantly increased at final follow-up for both groups, with no significant difference in DH improvement between groups. The expandable mean NH improvement at 6 weeks and 6 months was significantly greater vs. static. Segmental lordosis significantly improved in the expandable group at all time intervals vs static. Subsidence rate at 12 months was significantly lower in the expandable group (1/46, 2.2%) vs. static (12/37, 32.4%).Conclusions: Expandable spacers resulted in a significantly lower subsidence rate, improve segmental lordosis, and VAS and ODI outcomes at 12 months vs. static.
Radical Reactionary
Authors: Wood Harry
Published: June 2020

This article provides a detailed examination of the politics of William Le Queux. It argues that he is best understood as a product of the Edwardian radical right. Firstly, through exploring the politics of pre-1914 invasion anxieties and invasion-scare fiction, the article will question the idea that such literature was fundamentally Tory in quality. Instead, this emerging genre of popular fiction will be placed to the right of Edwardian Conservatism. Approaching Le Queux through his position as the most prominent author of British invasion literature at this time, the article will re-examine the available biographical evidence, highlighting the challenges scholars face in pinpointing his political leanings. Le Queux’s numerous invasion-scare novels will be interpreted through the disparate ideas of the radical right. Although Le Queux’s writing had little intellectual influence on radical right thinking in Britain, his novels provided this developing ideology with a prominent popular platform.
Poetry
Authors: Gregory Gill
Published: June 2020

Departed, by Gill Gregory
Social Capital and its Impact on Business Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises of Sindh (Pakistan)
Authors: Mahar Saqib Wahab , Ghumro Ikhtiar Ali
Published: June 2020

Social capital is a significant resource for Small and Medium-sized firms. Social Capital resources generate assets for firms which in turn contributes towards the performance of firms. The paper analyzes the relationship of Social Capital with SMEs Performance operating in Sindh. Research has investigated the impact of the personal, professional, associative, and institutional network towards performance. To attain the purpose of the paper, the data was gathered using a questionnaire from 395 entrepreneurs of SMEs of Sindh Province. The regression and correlation techniques are employed to evaluate the relationship and to investigate the hypothesis. Results revealed a significant relationship between Social Capital and Firms performance
Upaya Mengatasi Perilaku Membolos Siswa dengan Bibliokonseling
Authors: Mahyuddin Muhammad Junaedi , Sulaiman Fitriyanti , Suryani Aisyah , Sapiah  , Handayani Suhra  , Mutmainnah  , Muliyadi  , Achmad Dahlan Muchtar  , Muhammad Yasdar  , Amien Wahyudi
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTBK).Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengatasi perilaku membolos pada siswa kelas VIII C di SMP Negeri 4 Enrekang. Subjek penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan pendekatan purposive sampling. Jumlah subjek penelitian adalah 8 orang siswa dengan perilaku membolosnya bervariasi antara 3 sampai 9 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukan  bahwa perilaku membolos siswa pasca tindakan siklus I berkurang menjadi 0. Dengan demikian upaya mengatasi perilaku membolos siswa dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan bibliokonseling.
Sustainable Development is a Dead-End: The Logic of Modernity and Ecological Crisis
Authors: Lumsden Simon
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the theory of sustainable development presented by Jeffrey Sachs in The Age of Sustainable Development. While Sustainable Development ostensibly seeks to harmonise the conflict between ecological sustainability and human development, the paper argues this is impossible because of the conceptual frame it employs. Rather than allowing for a re-conceptualisation of the human–nature relation, Sustainable Development is simply the latest and possibly last attempt to advance the core idea of western modernity — the notion of self-determination. Drawing upon Hegel's account of historical development it is argued that Sustainable Development and the notion of planetary boundaries cannot break out of a dualism of nature and self-determining agents.
ETIKA PRODUKSI DALAM PANDANGAN MAQASID SYARIAH
Authors: Alimuddin Agus
Published: June 2020

Produksi ialah kegiatan proses menciptakan barang atau jasa yang dilakukan oleh manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen, kegiatan produksi jika tidak memperhatikan nilai  etika bisnis Islam maka akan melahirkan eksploitasi pada sumber daya. Produksi yang diiringi dengan nilai etika bisnis Islam pada muara akhirnya akan menjaga nilai keadilan dan moralitas sebagai sarana batasan menuju fallah (kesejahteraan). Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kajian pustaka dengan metode deskriptif-analisis, penelitian pustaka yakni membaca karya literatur yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan yang menjadi objek diteliti, Penelitian ini mencoba menganalisa etika produksi  dalam pandangan maqasid syariah, menurut Abu Ishaq al-Syatibi, ­maqasid dibagi menjadi tiga bagian dharuriyat, hajiyyat, dan tahsiniyat. Dharuriyat sebagai maqasid yang utama tingkat kebutuhannya harus terpenuhi atau sebagai kebutuhan primer. Jika bagian ini kebutuhannya tidak bisa terpenuhi, bisa menyebabkan kesejahteraan manusia saat ini maupun  di akhirat kelak tidak akan terealisasi, kegiatan produksi dalam rangka menciptakan kemaslahatan bagi manusia, kemaslahatan itu dapat tercipta jika bisa menjaga dan memelihara seluruh unsur pokok, yakni; agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta.
The association of smoking status with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalisation and mortality from COVID-19: A living rapid evidence review (version 4)
Authors: Simons David , Shahab Lion , Brown Jamie , Perski Olga
Published: June 2020

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19, an emergent zoonotic disease which has reached pandemic levels and is designated a public health emergency of international concern. It is plausible that former or current smoking status is associated with infection, hospitalisation and/or mortality from COVID-19.

Objective: We aimed to estimate the association of smoking status with rates of i) infection, ii) hospitalisation, iii) disease severity, and iv) mortality from SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 disease.

Methods: This is a living evidence review with frequent updates. We adopted recommended practice for rapid evidence reviews, which involved limiting the search to main databases and having one reviewer extract data and another verify. Published articles and pre-prints were identified via Ovid MEDLINE, medRxiv and expertise within the review team. We included observational or experimental studies with community-dwelling or hospitalised adults aged 16+ years who had received a test for SARS-CoV-2 infection or a diagnosis of COVID-19, providing that data on smoking status were reported. Studies were judged as ‘good’ quality if they: i) had low levels of missing data on smoking status (i.e.
Pendekatan Compact Riverside City Pada Kota Baru Pontianak
Authors: Priyoga Iwan , Widhijanto A. Agung
Published: June 2020

Pengembangan suatu kawasan untuk dapat menjadi  kota baru, selain membangun benar-benar baru sebagai kota (new development), juga dapat dilakukan dengan mengembangkan kawasan permukiman yang telah ada menjadi kota dengan layanan kebutuhan sebagai kota baru (termasuk re-development, renewal). Pertanyaan kajian Pendekatan Compact Riverside City Pada Kota Baru Kota Pontianak ini, pertama adalah bagaimana menganalisis dalam mendapatkan kawasan-kawasan yang dapat membentuk kota baru untuk Kota Pontianak, sedangkan pertanyaan kedua adalah strategi apa yang dibutuhkan dalam mengembangakan kota baru untuk Kota Pontianak melalui dukungan karakter perairan sungai di Kota Pontianak. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kawasan permukiman pada pusat-pusat layanan perkotaan pada kawasan-kawasan permukiman kota sekitar Kota Pontianak; manganalisa kebutuhan kawasan-kawasan yang terintegrasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan compact city strategy dan merumuskan kebutuhan konsep perencaaan kota baru Kota Pontianak terkait dengan karakter perairan sungai di Kota Pontianak. Kajian ini menggunakan  metoda overlay melalui super imposed mapping berdasar rangkuman kajian-kajian terdahulu. Pendekatan analisis akan adalah compact city strategy.
Pengaruh Perilaku Terhadap Terbentuknya Commercial Zone (Studi Kasus pada Side Entrance PT Ungaran Sari Garment)
Authors: Andadari Tri Susetyo , Indrosaptono Djoko , Pandelaki Edward E
Published: June 2020

PT Ungaran Sari Garment adalah sebuah perusahaan padat karya yang bergerak dibidang industri pakaian jadi dengan tenaga kerja lebih dari 10.000 karyawan yang terbagi di berbagai daerah, dan salah satunya adalah di Ungaran Timur. Fenomena menarik yang bisa dilihat pada perusahaan ini, sebagai akibat dari banyaknya karyawan adalah, padatnya side entrance pada saat jam pulang kerja dan jam masuk kerja. Kepadatan ini tidak hanya disebabkan oleh intern perusahaan dengan banyaknya jumlah karyawan yang keluar masuk secara bersamaan pada jam-jam masuk dan pulang kerja, juga diakibatkan oleh banyaknya aktivitas tiban di luar pintu pada side entrance perusahaan yang ikut terbentuk oleh pelaku ekonomi dan masyarakat sekitar, dalam rangka membuka peluang untuk mencari keuntungan dengan berbagai aktivitas komersial. Dengan menggunakan paradigma kuantitatif, penelitian ini berusaha untuk memberikan gambaran tentang pengaruh perilaku manusia, yang dalam hal ini adalah buruh PT Ungaran Sari Garment pada saat jam masuk kerja dan jam pulang kerja normal serta jam pulang kerja lembur disekitaran side entrance PT Ungaran Sari Garment, terhadap terbentuknya commercial zone. Dimana hasilnya menunjukkan adanya beberapa variabel perilaku yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya commercial zone.
Pengukuran Kenyamanan Pencahayaan Buatan pada Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Daerah Bandarlampung
Authors: Munawaroh Ai Siti , Nurbaiti Fitriana
Published: June 2020

Perpustakaan merupakan salah satu tempat yang seharusnya sering dikunjungi oleh masyarakat.  Karena sesuai amanat UUD 1945, perpustakaan merupakan wadah mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Namun, dari hari ke hari, pengunjung perpustakaan di Bandarlampung semakin menurun.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu ingin mengetahui kondisi intensitas pencahayaan buatan didalam ruang Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Daerah Bandar Lampung dan Mengetahui tanggapan pengunjung mengenai kenyamanan pencahayaan buatan di  dalam ruang Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Daerah Bandarlampung.Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan pengukuran dan pembagian kuesioner. Hasil dari pengukuran akan dijelaskan secara deskriptif untuk mengetahui tingkat kenyamanan terhadap pencahayaan buatan. Teknis analisis dalam penelitian ini membandingkan hasil data tingkat kenyamanan Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Daerah Bandar Lampung berdasarkan SNI 03-6197-2000 Konservasi Enegi pada Sistem Pencahayaan tentang tata cara perancangan sistem pencahayaan buatan pada bangunan gedung.Hasil penelitian menunjukan intensitas cahaya buatan pada Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Daerah Bandarlampung termasuk kurang baik. Karena dari hasil data terlihat banyak titik pencahayaan yang tidak memenuhi standar SNI pencahayaan buatan. Disisi lain, berdasarkan pendapat pengunjung dapat disimpulkan pengunjung Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Daerah Bandarlampung merasa fokus saat berada di dalam gedung, namun pencahayaan buatan yang kurang membuat pengunjung merasa kurang nyaman di bagian rak penyimpanan buku.
Kajian Kerusakan Finishing Dinding Bata pada Bangunan Gedung
Authors: Sary Reny Kartika , Zulfikri Zulfikri , Asysyauki Akhmad Hamdi
Published: June 2020

Dinding merupakan salah satu komponen pembentuk bangunan yang berperan penting untuk konstruksi dan estetika bangunan. Pemahaman tentang pengetahuan dan metode teknis dalam pembuatan dinding bata yang mencakup karakteristik pemilihan bahan yang akan dipakai dapat meminimalisir kerusakan yang terjadi. Kerusakan yang sering terjadi pada finishing dinding bata adalah dinding basah dan dinding bercak-bercak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan masalah yang menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan pada finishing dinding bata serta mencari jalan keluar atau solusi yang baik dan benar untuk bangunan gedung. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif yaitu dengan cara observasi atau dengan pengamatan pada suatu peristiwa yang terjadi. Sehingga dapat digambarkan secara jelas karakteristik kondisi pada obyek penelitian sesuai dengan fakta yang didapat. Adapun penyebab dinding basah dan dinding bercak adalah (1) Pekerjaan pengecatan yang kurang baik, (2) Tertinggalnya material bekisting (kayu) pada pondasi dan sloof dinding, (3) Pemilihan bahan atau material yang kurang tepat, (4) Kebocoran pada pipa Air Conditioner (AC) dan pipa instalasi air, (5) Pekerjaan pengecatan dilakukan sebelum dinding bata benar-benar kering, (6) Rembesan pada atap, dinding dan lantai bangunan, (7) Sirkulasi atau peredaran udara yang tidak baik. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan bisa bermanfaat dan dapat diaplikasikan oleh pihak-pihak yang terkait dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan gedung maupun rumah tinggal.
Performance Analysis of Geosynthetic Reinforced Earth Walls With Different Backfils by Finite Element Method
Authors: BALABAN Eren , SMEJDA Ales , ONUR Mehmet İnanç
Published: June 2020

Failure of retaining walls may cause loss of lives and injuries. Failure of retaining walls also has economical effects because of damaged buildings, infrastructure and vehicles. There have been some devastating cases regarding failure of retaining wall. Therefore, interest for construction of reinforced earth wall has increased in recent years due to several advantages they provide. Reinforced earth wall is more economical than ordinary retaining walls. They are lightweight structure which affects their earthquake performance positively. However, if necessary attention has not paid during design and construction, similar events may occur. Selection of backfill material is also important. In order to build an economical reinforced earth wall, constructors tend to use available soil on site instead of clean sand which changes behavior and performance of the reinforced earth wall significantly. Performance of geosynthetic reinforced earth walls is investigated in this study to find out effects of different soil types used as backfill. Locally available sand and clay is obtained for this purpose. Sand and clay is mixed at different proportions. Amount of clay is increased by 20%. Strength parameters of each mixture are determined by direct shear test. Experimentally computed Mohr-Coulomb material model parameters are used in finite element analysis. Performance of geosynthetic reinforced earth wall is evaluated by considering horizontal deformations, settlement, maximum forces acting on geotextile and its position.
T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Ulusal Medikal Kurtarma Ekibi (UMKE) Çalışanlarında Algılanan Stres Düzeyleri Üzerinde Otantik Liderlik Davranışları Etkisinin İncelenmesi: İstanbul İli Örneği
Authors: TOPAL Ali , DEMİRKASIMOĞLU Muhittin
Published: June 2020

T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı İstanbul ili ulusal medikal kurtarma ekibi mensuplarının (UMKE), stres algılarının göstermiş oldukları otantik liderlik davranışları ile hangi düzeyde etkilendiklerinin tespit edilmesi bu araştırmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın evrenini ise T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı İstanbul ili UMKE örneklemini T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı taşra teşkilatı İstanbul ili UMKE 435 personelden oluşturmaktadır. Bilgi ve veriler Cohen (1983) tarafından geliştirilen ve (Eskin, 2013) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan Algılanan Stres Ölçeği 5’li Likert tipi bir ölçek ile Walumbwa (2008) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan “Otantik Liderlik Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı araştırma modeli ile gerçekleştirilen çalışmada bilgi ve verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Pearson Korelasyon ile Regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Yapılan Pearson Korelasyon analizi sonucunda bazılarında zayıfta olsa algılanan stres ve otantik liderlik boyutları yani bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenler arasında ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra bağımlı değişken, bağımsız değişken ile arasındaki ilişki derecesinin ne olduğunu saptamak üzere Regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bunun sonucu olarak ilişkilerde şeffaflık boyutu (b=0,274, p<0,05) Stres/Rahatsızlık algısı boyutunu pozitif etkilemekte iken içselleştirilmiş ahlak anlayışı, bilgiyi dengeli değerlendirme, öz farkındalık boyutları etkilememektedir (p>0,05). Stres/Rahatsızlık algısı boyutundaki değişimin (%10,01)’ini ilişkilerde şeffaflık boyutu açıklamaktadır. Yetersiz öz yeterlilik algısı boyutundaki değişimin (%13,99)’unu ilişkilerde şeffaflık ve öz farkındalık boyutları açıklamaktadır. Araştırma sonucuna göre bütün hipotezlerin kabul edilmesi mümkündür.
A flauta doce: Um instrumento musicalizador dos tempos modernos
Authors: Barbosa Fabiano Da Silva
Published: June 2020

A fabricação de flautas doces em meados do século 20 levou à introdução deste instrumento nas salas de aula voltadas para a música. As flautas doces se tornaram muito populares nas escolas, já que são um dos instrumentos mais baratos para comprar e relativamente fáceis de tocar, já que são pré-ajustados. Muitos compositores e educadores buscam atualmente pela sua introdução nas escolas, aproveitando assim as possibilidades melódicas e de conjunto do instrumento. A flauta doce é o complemento perfeito para conjunto de instrumentos e vozes, pois mesmo um músico iniciante pode acompanhar os demais ou mesmo improvisar em alguns tons. No entanto, durante sua história, a flauta doce sofreu momentos em que ela acabou caindo no esquecimento dos músicos, onde veio a ressurgir no século 20 e com mais força ainda no século 21. Atualmente, temos que a sua utilização vem crescendo de forma considerável, devido à facilidade que a mesma oferece durante o aprendizado. Sendo assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo familiarizar o leitor com o status da flauta doce como instrumento musical nos dias de hoje. As informações foram coletadas de textos e artigos disponíveis sobre o assunto para obter ideias mais recentes e precisas sobre sua história e utilização.
Vitality structure of cenopopulations Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. under the conditions of Krolevets-Hlukhiv geobobotanical region
Authors: Zubtsova I.V. , Skliar V.G. , Melnytchuk S.D. , Bondarieva L.M.
Published: June 2020

The research results of the vitality structure of coenopopulations of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. of various habitats on bottomland meadows of Krolevets-Hlukhiv geobotanical region are represented. The researches have been run since 2014 till 2019. The population analysis was used for six cenopopulations Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. They formed in the cenoses with dominating such species as Festuca pratensis Huds., Elytrigia repens L., Phleum pratense L., Artemisia vulgaris L., Achillea submillefolium Klokov & Krytzka, Chelidonium majus L., Convolvulus arvensis L.

The set of methods was used for statistical and mathematical processing of primary morphometric data. Based on the results of correlation and factor analysis, as key morphoparametres that determine vitality of M. officinalis individuals were selected: phytomass of the individual (W, g ), height (H, sm), and area of the leaf surface (A, sm2). These figures are part of different correlation pleades, high variation and show a high factor loads.

All key morphometric parameters mentioned above were used for the determination of the correlation of various individuals of the vitality of plants in every species populations. The quality population index (Q) was performed as an integral evaluation index of the vitality population. With the help of this index all populations were divided into three categories: prosperous, balanced or depressive.

The value of the quality index of the researched populations varied from 0.1000 to 0.5000, so they reached their maximum. Also, in one of the thriving populations (from the cenosis Elytrigietum (repentis) artemisiosum (vulgaris)), were represented only individuals of the highest (class “a”) vitality. It should be noticed that both thriving populations formed in phytocenoses with the dominance of cereals and the co-domination of motley grass.

Based on the results of vitality analysis, it was found that populations from the conenoses of Elytrigietum (repentis) alchemillosum (submillefolium), Elytrigietum (repentis) artemisiosum (vulgaris). And populations from the conenoses of Festucetum (pratensis) elytrigiosum (repenstis) and Chelidonietum (majus) convolvulosum (arvensis) with the value of the quality index Q 0.2000 and 0.2333 can be considered as potential localities for harvesting of medicinal plants. Also, it should be noticed that the last two populations require particularly detailed monitoring of their population structure. The use of these populations must be stopped in the case of the shortening of their population quality index or other characteristics.