bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viscous fluid microflows in cells of a porous medium in the presence of a gradient pressure
Authors: Deryabina Mariya Sergeevna , Martynov Sergey Ivanovich
Published: June 2020

A simulation of the flow of a viscous fluid with a given pressure gradient through a porous structure, which was represented as a system of fixed particles, was carried out. Inside the porous structure there are moving particles, which are markers of microflows in the cells. The viscous fluid flows along a flat wall bounding the porous structure on one side. The calculations take into account the hydrodynamic interaction of all particles, both moving and stationary between themselves and with the plane. Computer simulations of this kind of flows through model structures formed, respectively, of 441, 567 periodically and 478 randomly located motionless particles of effective size and different positions of the flat wall, were carried out. The size of the moving particles placed in a viscous liquid was 0.2 of the size of the effective particles. The results of numerical simulation showed that microflows with an opposite direction of velocity are realized inside the structure, which follows from Darcy’s law. Such a complex dynamics of the flow inside the porous structure means that the use of averaged equations of fluid filtration gives an incorrect picture of the flow at the pore size and can serve as an explanation of the nonlinear dependence of the average filtration rate on the applied pressure gradient.
Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Generasi Milenial dan Pemerintah Terkait Covid-19 di Media Online
Authors: Boer Kheyene Molekandella , Pratiwi Mutia Rahmi , Muna Nalal
Published: June 2020

This study aims to identify the coverage of the Covid-19 Task Force in the three online editions of March 20-23, 2020. The four stages of Framing Entmant include: Define Problem, Diagnose Cause, Make moral judgment, and Treatment recommendations. This research uses Robert N. Entman's framing analysis method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that Define Problem in reporting related to government policy in cooperating with influencers was considered not the right choice, the diagnosis cause was shown in the form of indifference to millennials in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, Make a moral judgment in the form of an assertion that influencers were not paid in this program as a form of their contribution to the country, and the treatment recommendations offered are that the government equip influencers with a strong understanding of COVID-19 before becoming a mediator in delivering messages to millennials. Online media is a public space that is considered important as a reference in increasing general information literacy so that the news is expected to be more objective and educational.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pemberitaan mengenai Gugus Tugas penanganan Covid-19 di ketiga media online tersebut edisi 20-23 Maret 2020. Empat tahap Framing Entmant mencakup: Define Problem, Diagnose Cause, Make moral judgment dan Treatment recommendation. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis framing Robert N. Entman dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Define Problem dalam pemberitaan berkaitan dengan kebijakan pemerintah dalam menggandeng para influencer dinilai bukan pilihan yang tepat, Diagnose cause ditunjukkan dalam bentuk sikap acuh para generasi milenial dalam menanggapi pandemi Covid-19, Make moral judgment dalam bentuk penegasan bahwa para influencer tidak dibayar dalam program ini sebagai bentuk kontribusi mereka kepada negara, dan treatment recommendation yang ditawarkan adalah pemerintah membekali influencer pemahaman yang kuat terkait covid-19 sebelum menjadi mediator penyampai pesan bagi milenial. Media online merupakan ruang publik yang dianggap penting sebagai rujukan dalam meningkatkan literasi informasi masyarakat, sehingga pemberitaannya diharapkan agar lebih objektif dan mendidik.
Literasi Jurnalisme Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Saepullah Ujang , Rustandi Dudi
Published: June 2020

The research aims to; (1) Knowing the existence of KIM Bandung Regency, (2) Understanding the literacy of KIM journalism in Bandung Regency; (2) Knowing and understanding in journalism practices of KIM members in Bandung Regency. Research using descriptive methods, case study approach. The conceptual/theoretical approach uses news elements and news values that form the basis of journalism. While the techniques of collecting data through observation, interviews, and Google form. The results showed (1) the existence of the KIM Bandung Regency was initiated in 2016, which was initiated by the Office of Communication and Information of Bandung Regency, supported in 2019 with the formation of management and facilitation of KIM media in the form of websites and social media. (2) understanding of KIM member journalists' literacy is good (3) A small number of KIM members have practiced journalism well, but most are still far from journalism criteria. Through this research, it is expected that this will affect the literacy increase of KIM members, both in Bandung Regency and KIM throughout Indonesia.Penelitian bertujuan untuk; (1) Mengetahui eksistensi KIM Kabupaten Bandung, (2) Memahami literasi jurnalisme KIM Kabupaten Bandung; (2) Mengetahui dan memahami pemahaman dalam praktik jurnalisme anggota KIM Kabupaten Bandung. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif, pendekatan studi kasus. Pendekatan secara konsep/teori menggunakan unsur berita dan nilai berita yang menjadi dasar dari jurnalisme. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui observasi, wawancara, dan googleform. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) eksistensi KIM Kabupaten Bandung diinisasi tahun 2016, yang dinisiasi oleh Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kabupaten Bandung, didukung pada tahun 2019 dengan pemebtukan pengurus serta fasilitasi media KIM berupa website dan media sosial. (2) pemahaman terhadap literasi jurnalis anggota KIM sudah baik (3) Sebagian kecil anggota KIM telah mempraktikkan jurnalisme dengan baik, namun sebagian besar masih jauh dari kriteria jurnalisme. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan bedampak terhadap peningkatan literasi anggota KIM, baik di Kabupaten Bandung ataupun KIM seluruh Indonesia.
Da'wah Phenomenon on Social Media
Authors: Rifai Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Da`wah is the activity of calling and inviting people on the path of truth the phenomenon of da'wah today develop so fast and dynamic with the presence of communication and internet technology, so da'wah can be implemented in cyberspace. the purpose of this study is to illustrate phenomenon of da`wah in cyberspace. the importance of this study to know the effect of the presence of information communication technology to da'wah in cyberspace. this research method using qualitative phenomenology, with the aim of describing the fact as it is. the results of this study are the development of da'wah in cyberspace grow so fast response and reciprocity from the audience is good enough. this is evident from the response of the audience which is seen in every post da'wah. These studies provide advice on the science of da`wah to improve the competence of mass communication in cyberspace. if da`wah is able to respond to this then he will be able to decorate the rubric in cyberspace.
Interpersonal Communication Model in the Book "Aisyah" by Sulaiman An-Nadawi
Authors: Wigati Yunika , Riyadi Agus
Published: June 2020

Interpersonal communication is very influential in people’s lives. It is also equally important to build good relationships between each communication agent, both communicator and communicant. Model of interpersonal communication also vary, with different goals and methods. In this study, Aisyah’s interpersonal communication model is the focus of the study by being a communicator in Aisyah’s book by Sulaiman an-Nadawi. Aisyah’s book describes many activities in Aisyah’s life in communicating with many people with various activities in life. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with a content analysis approach. The analysis used by the researcher is Krippendorf’s content analysis with paragraph analysis units. The finding in this study is that transactional interpersonal communication model is most often used by Aisyah. Other models used by Aisyah with frequencies below transactional interpersonal communication are sender-receiver, linier, and power.Komunikasi interpersonal sangat berpengaruh dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Hal tersebut juga sama pentingnya untuk membangun hubungan yang baik di antara setiap pelaku komunikasi, baik komunikator ataupun komunikan. Model dari komunikasi interpersonal juga beragam, dengan tujuan dan juga cara yang berbeda-beda. Pada penelitian ini, model komunikasi interpersonal menjadi fokus kajian dengan Aisyah sebagai komunikator di dalam buku Aisyah karya Sulaiman an-Nadawi. Buku ‘Aisyah’ menggambarkan banyak kegiatan pada kehidupan Aisyah RA (sebagai komunikator) dengan komunikasi yang dilakukan dengan banyak orang. Jenia penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan analisis isi. Analisis yang digunakan oleh peneliti yaitu analisis isi Kripendorf dengan unit analisis paragraf. Temuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu bahwa model komunikasi interpersonal transaksional paling sering digunakan oleh Aisyah RA. Model-model lain yang digunakan oleh Aisyah dengan frekuensi dibawah komunikasi interpersonal transaksional yaitu, pengirim-penerima, linier, dan kekuasaan.
Da'wah bi al-Hal in Empowering Campus-Assisted Community through Waste Bank Management
Authors: Ali Mukti , Hasan Saipullah
Published: June 2020

As an institution of education and agent of social change, the Faculty of Da'wah, IAIN Salatiga, has Islamic religious characteristics. These characteristics confirm its missionary effort as a part of social responsibility. The Da'wah Faculty pursues empowerment by rolling out a program of waste bank management. This program is a manifestation of the application of da’wah bi al-hal (preaching by actuating) to build assisted-communities who are empowered and independent in processing garbage. Furthermore, the program of waste bank management not only provides clean and healthy communities but also increases the community’s ability to gain environmental benefits and improving its economy. This study aims to analyze the implementation of da’wah movement through waste bank management, from assessment, recycling management, construction, to evaluation. The method of research in this study uses a qualitative method, Participatory Action Research (PAR) to make changes and benefits for the community, and empowerment theory as the mainframe of thought in carrying out da’wah bi al-hal. The results of participatory action research showed that preaching by actuating of Da’wah Faculty IAIN Salatiga in the assisted-communities has increased participation, trust, and cooperative relationships among them in managing the waste bank. Fakultas Dakwah IAIN Salatiga sebagai lembaga pemikiran dan agen perubahan sosial, memiliki karakteristik keagamaan Islam. Karakteristik ini meneguhkan upaya berdakwah sebagai tanggung jawab sosialnya. Dalam melakukan dakwah di masyarakat, Fakultas Dakwah menempuh cara pemberdayaan dengan menggulirkan program pengelolaan bank sampah. Hal ini sebagai wujud aplikasi dakwah bi al-hal untuk membangun masyarakat binaan yang berdaya dan mandiri dalam mengolah sampah. Program pengelolaan bank sampah tidak hanya memberikan manfaat lingkungan bersih dan sehat, tetapi juga meningkatkan kemampuan masyarakat untuk mengolah sampah dalam meningkatkan perekonomian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang implementasi dakwah bi al-hal dengan program pengelolaan bank sampah itu berjalan mulai assesment, manajemen daur ulang, pembangunan sarpras dan evaluasi. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif Participatory Action Research (PAR) untuk melakukan perubahan dan manfaat bagi masyarakat dengan teori pemberdayaan sebagai kerangka berfikir utama dalam melakukan dakwah bi al-hal. Hasil penelitian aksi partisipatif memperlihatkan bahwa sentuhan pendampingan yang telah dilakukan Fakultas Dakwah IAIN Salatiga terhadap masyarakat binaannya dapat meningkatkan partisipasi,  kepercayaan dan hubungan kerja sama diantara mereka dalam pengelolaan bank sampah.
Local Wisdom Based Da’wah in the Oral Tradition of the Jambi Malay Seloko Adat
Authors: Noor Sihabudin
Published: June 2020

On its arrival in Jambi, Islam had interacted with the indigenous culture. Through pacifique penetration, Islam influenced local society and socio-cultural institutions. Islam used the traditional poem of seloka which is a form of the Malay spoken literature as a medium to spread out the Islamic values and thoughts. Islam even became the main source in establishing the Jambi's local culture and wisdom. The study explains da’wah in local wisdom of traditional poem of seloka (seloko, Jambinese) Jambi Malay.  Using qualitative method by reading and learning the main research sources of descriptive data which were manuscripts of traditional poem of seloka. Interview with resource persons who were competent on content and value of the poems were also conducted to enhanche the  interpretation on data. The  conclusion of the study finds that the da’wah movement based on local wisdom brought about tightly bound relation between Islam and Jambi Malay Culture; Islamic value were modified into traditional law that commonly use seloka. The reality shows there is harmony between  the local culture and the Quran  and Sunnah.      Islam mempengaruhi masyarakat dan institusi sosial-budaya setempat. Dengan memanfaatkan seloko adat yang merupakan salah satu bentuk sastera lisan Melayu, bahasa sastera ini menjadi alat penyemai nilai dan ajaran Islam, sehingga pada akhirnya agama ini menjadi sumber utama bagi pembentukan adat dan kearifan lokal. Artikel ini menjelaskan dakwah dalam kearifan lokal seloko adat Melayu Jambi. Islam sejak awal kedatangannya telah berinteraksi dengan budaya setempat. Lewat penetrasi damai (pacifique penetration), Menggunakan metode kualitatif, penelitian ini berupaya mempelajari dan memahami naskah seloko adat dan kaitannya dengan kearifan lokal dan dakwah Islam. Wawancara ke beberapa tokoh penting dilakukan sebagai bagian dari pengayaan data untuk memahami  lebih lanjut mengenai isi dan nilai seloko. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa akibat adanya gerakan dakwah yang berkearifan lokal dalam budaya Melayu Jambi terdapat hubungan yang erat antara Islam dan budaya masyarakat melayu Jambi; seperti  adanya modifikasi nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam hukum adat yang umumnya menggunakan bahasa seloko. Realitas itu menunjukan adanya harmoni antara budaya lokal dengan Alquran dan Sunnah Rasul.
Reconstructing Da’wah of Salafi in Shaikh Muhammad Al-Ghazali Works
Authors: Solahudin Dindin
Published: June 2020

Salafism has developed into different interpretations and understandings. Every da’wah movement claims to follow Salafi way of its own interpretation. This study aims at portraying one of Salafi understandings and its Salafi da’wah. This research used literature review to reconstruct the model of first emerging da’wah according to Shaikh Muhammad Al-Ghazali, a 20th century da’wah thinker and practicioner. It used his works that are supposed to bear objective, original views, and understanding on Salafism and Salafi da’wah. The study shows that since the time of the prophet the core characteristics of Salafi da’wah are criticism, constructivism, and moderation.    Salafisme telah berkembang menjadi beragam interpretasi dan pemahaman. Setiap gerakan dakwah mengklaim mengikuti cara Salafi dalam interpretasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan salah satu pemahaman Salafi dan dakwah Salafi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis literatur untuk merekonstruksi model pertama kemunculan dakwah menurut Shaikh Muhammad Al-Ghazali, seorang pemikir dan praktisi dakwah abad ke-20. Ia menggunakan karya-karyanya yang seharusnya memiliki pandangan objektif, asli, dan pemahaman tentang Salafisme dan dakwah Salafi. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa sejak masa nabi, karakteristik inti dari dakwah Salafi adalah kritis, konstruktivisme, dan moderasi.
Karakteristik Kemasan Aktif dari Film Gelatin Ikan dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Daun Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius)
Authors: Nurdiani Rahmi , Jaziri Abdul Aziz , Puspita Fitri Septa
Published: June 2020

Kemasan aktif memiliki fungsi yang lebih luas dalam menjaga kualitas suatu produk. Salah satu bahan baku kemasan aktif adalah gelatin dengan penambahan senyawa aktif. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mempelajari karakteristik dan bioaktivitas kemasan aktif dari gelatin ikan ayam-ayam (Abalistes stellaris) dengan penambahan ekstrak daun jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius) sebesar 0%, 1%, 3%, 5% dan 7%. Kemasan aktif yang dihasilkan diamati karakteristik dan bioaktifitasnya yang meliputi ketebalan, kuat tarik, elongasi, transmisi uap air, kadar air, pH, aktivitas antioksidan dan aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil analisa sidik ragam menunjukkan penambahan ekstrak daun jeruju berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap ketebalan, aktivitas antioksidan dan aktivitas antibakteri dari kemasan aktif berbahan gelatin yang dihasilkan, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0,05) terhadap kuat tarik, elongasi dan transmisi uap air. Kemasan aktif dari gelatin ikan ayam-ayam dengan penambahan ekstrak daun jeruju 7% memiliki ketebalan 143,01 µm, mampu menghambat 65,45% radikal bebas DPPH dan menghasilkan zona hambat bakteri berkisar antara 2,18-2,61 mm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan gelatin yang terbuat dari kulit dan sisik ikan ayam-ayam dengan penambahan ekstrak daun jeruju memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi kemasan aktif.  AbstractPackaging has an important function in maintaining the quality of product. Active packaging can be made from gelatin as basic material with addition of bioactive substances. The purpose of this research was to study the characteristics and bioactivity of active packaging made from staryy triggerfish (Abalistes stellaris) gelatin incorporated with 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7% of Acanthus ilicifolius leaf extract. The active pakaging was observed for its charateristics and bioactivity including thickness,  elongation, tensile strength, water vapor transmission, moisture content, pH, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity of active packaging. The statistical analyses showed that the addition of A. ilicifolius leaf extracts significantly affected (p<0.05) the thickness, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity of active packaging. Active packaging from fish gelatin containing 7% of A. ilicifolius extract with 143.01 µm thickness, was able to inhibit 65.45% DPPH free radical and resulted in 2.18-2.61 mm inhibition zone. It was suggested that starry triggerfish gelatin and A. ilicifolius leaf extract have a potential to be developed as active packaging.
From food to offspring: engagement between humans and sea turtles in two communities on the north coast of Espírito Santo
Authors: Fontinelli Davi Scárdua , Creado Eliana Santos Junqueira
Published: June 2020

Abstract This article is the result of a research conducted in the villages of Regência Augusta and Povoação, in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The objective is to contribute to knowledge concerning biodiversity conservation projects and the relationships between these, local communities and emblematic species in the midst of socio-environmental conflicts. We intend to highlight some of the ways that human agents interact with each other through the relationship with other non-human agents, developing conceptions and actions in and with the world around them. The empirical analysis addresses the case of sea turtles and the environmental agents who deal with them. Those who patrol the beach are prominent in this text, but we will also consider the way in which these works form an ambiguous relationship with other knowledges and practices. The region is going through political, economic and environmental divergences related to resources and the local landscape, aggravated by the arrival of Samarco’s mud.
Neo-ethnic Self-Styling among Young Indigenous People of Brazil: Re-Appropriating Ethnicity through Cultural Hybridity
Authors: Aoyagi Hiroshi , Kovacic Mateja , Baines Stephen Grant
Published: June 2020

Abstract This article examines a conspicuous, vastly disseminating cultural practice among the young Indigenous people of Brazil to hybridize their ethnic motifs with global fashion in order to classify their glocal mode of being. Young Indigenous subjects generally perceive the modal practice to be ethnically appropriating in their own generational right. Through ethnographic observations coupled with theoretical reflections on cultural hybridity, the authors will highlight how neo-ethnic fashion enables initially marginalized category of Indigenous ethnicity to be brought to public attention on a global scale. Neo-ethnic self-styling operates as a means to re-appropriate heritage in trans-traditional ways at a time when ethnicity itself is increasingly becoming a globally trendy subject. Social networking service plays a crucial role in disseminating the phenomena across different ethnic groups.
A dimensão social na formação médica: o contexto de vida na aprendizagem baseada em problemas
Authors: Custódio Lucimara Aparecida Faustino , Vieira Camila Mugnai , Francischetti Ieda
Published: June 2020

Resumo Este estudo caracteriza a dimensão social nos contextos representados nas situações-problema em um curso médico estadual paulista que utiliza a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problema. Foram analisadas 69 situações-problema, disparadoras do processo de aprendizagem da primeira à quarta série e seus respectivos guias de tutor. Para a leitura do material, utilizou-se o Roteiro de Análise de Dimensão Social, elaborado pelas pesquisadoras com base em documentos e literatura relacionados. Para análise, adotou-se o método de análise textual discursiva. A comparação entre os objetivos de aprendizagem apresentados nas situações-problema e nos guias evidenciou discordâncias e dicotomias. A caracterização dos contextos explorados não retratou o território real: equipamentos sociais foram pouco abordados, já as áreas de competência do cuidado individual, coletivo e gestão deram ênfase satisfatória às políticas públicas. As análises de áreas de riscos, diversidades e grupos vulneráveis foram superficiais e a intersetorialidade foi pouco acionada. Espera-se, com estes resultados, suscitar reflexões acerca da construção de situações-problema na aprendizagem baseada em problemas, pois o aprofundamento na descrição, como a ampliação de sua abordagem, poderá favorecer a articulação teórico-prática, o aprendizado ampliado e a formação médica voltada ao cuidado integral.
Conceito de dignidade humana: controvérsias e possíveis soluções
Authors: Monteiro José Dimas d’Avila Maciel , Nunes Rui
Published: June 2020

Resumo A imprecisão e ambiguidade do conceito de dignidade humana em bioética decorrem do problema da fundamentação da moralidade e dos limites de sua aplicação em questões contemporâneas. Nesse cenário, convivem posições rivais, como as que propõem abandonar o conceito, as que insistem em justificá-lo por meio dos direitos humanos ou de princípios, e as que abrem mão dessa justificativa. Esta investigação examina tais controvérsias, considerando que a imprecisão e a ambiguidade do termo podem ser enfrentadas por meio de quatro posições: 1) invertendo a relação tradicional entre dignidade humana e direitos humanos, como sustentado por Schroeder; 2) considerando a dignidade, tal qual Killmister, como capacidade de manter padrões e princípios; 3) mantendo, como Andorno, a relação tradicional entre direitos humanos e dignidade; e 4) apelando a princípios derivados de tal conceito, como defendido por Albuquerque.
Dor e sofrimento na perspectiva do cuidado centrado no paciente
Authors: Corgozinho Marcelo Moreira , Barbosa Larissa Oliveira , Araújo Isabela Pereira de , Araújo Gabriela Thomaz Ferreira de
Published: June 2020

Resumo O objetivo desta reflexão é contribuir com a aplicação do cuidado centrado no paciente no manejo da dor em contexto hospitalar. Trata-se de estudo de natureza teórica que busca estimular a discussão sem esgotar os argumentos, considerando assuntos como as dimensões do sofrimento, a negligência da dor e suas consequências, a relevância da abordagem interprofissional e os direitos humanos do paciente. Conclui-se que é preciso haver equipe interprofissional para lidar com a dor e o sofrimento humano no contexto hospitalar, e que o planejamento da assistência deve considerar aspectos emocionais, econômicos e culturais, proporcionando bem-estar físico e mental. A proposta interprofissional caminha paralelamente à proposta do cuidado centrado no paciente.
Infância e práticas alimentares: estudo bioético sobre vulnerabilidade e risco
Authors: Guimarães Camila Blanco , Pereira Camila Claudiano Quina
Published: June 2020

Resumo Trata-se de estudo de campo, qualitativo, exploratório e transversal, desenvolvido com pais de alunos de duas escolas de cidades do interior de Minas Gerais, totalizando 27 participantes. Foi realizada oficina em que os entrevistados responderam questionários e assistiram a palestra informativa. Buscou-se evidenciar os efeitos da persuasão da indústria alimentícia sobre a dieta das crianças, visto que o Brasil vem enfrentando aumento expressivo de sobrepeso, obesidade e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis também na infância. Ficou claro que a publicidade se aproveita da vulnerabilidade e falta de conhecimento de pais e responsáveis para influenciar suas escolhas. Para enfrentar esse problema, o artigo demonstra a necessidade de proteger a população por meio de educação nutricional, leis e regulamentação.
Conhecimento em ética médica entre estudantes de medicina de Salvador
Authors: Barbosa Jorge Santana , Silva Paulo Demétrio da , Neves Nedy Maria Branco Cerqueira
Published: June 2020

Resumo Trata-se de estudo observacional, do tipo transversal, realizado entre agosto e outubro de 2018 para avaliar o conhecimento sobre ética médica de 601 estudantes de medicina de uma universidade privada de Salvador/BA. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário de múltipla escolha com simulação de sete casos envolvendo conflitos éticos. Os participantes, em sua maioria, eram jovens do sexo feminino, e uma parcela já tinha formação acadêmica prévia. A maior parte dos alunos afirmou já ter lido o Código de Ética Médica e considerar sua linguagem de fácil entendimento. Exceto por pequenas variações, o conhecimento demonstrou-se progressivo ao longo dos semestres, com evolução no aprendizado após cumprimento do componente curricular dedicado à ética médica e melhor desempenho no último semestre da graduação.
Attitudes of doctors and medical students toward patients with suicidal ideation
Authors: Rocha Gabriela do Prado , Araújo Filho Gerardo Maria de , Ávila Lazslo Antônio
Published: June 2020

Abstract Considering suicide is a public health problem, this study identified misconceptions about patients at risk of suicide as well as strategies to manage patients and their families, also verifying changes in conceptions and attitudes throughout graduation. We applied a questionnaire with five categories: “medical confidentiality,” “deontology,” “medical negligence,” “graduation,” and “myths and conceptions”. One hundred and twenty-six subjects participated in the research: 45 (35.7%) first-year medical students, 48 (38.1%) interns, and 33 (26.2%) doctors. The variables were analyzed, and the difference between groups was significant for 15 questions (62.5%). In one question (myths and conceptions) the answers were distant from the expected, and in two questions (myths and conceptions, deontology) the result did not give adequate information. We observed improvements at medical graduation for most of the studied aspects; among the deficiencies, we highlight those related to compulsory notification, electroconvulsive therapy, and the responsibility of doctors.
Problemas éticos vivenciados por enfermeiros na Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Dourado João Víctor Lira , Aguiar Francisca Alanny Rocha , Lopes Roberlandia Evangelista , Silva Maria Adelane Monteiro da , Ferreira Júnior Antonio Rodrigues
Published: June 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar problemas éticos vivenciados por enfermeiros na Estratégia Saúde da Família por meio de revisão integrativa realizada entre março e abril de 2018 em quatro bases de dados. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores, combinados entre si: “ética”, “bioética”, “enfermagem” e “Estratégia Saúde da Família”. Após aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, restaram oito textos, de cuja análise emergiram quatro categorias: problemas éticos na relação com usuário; na relação com a equipe; na relação com a organização do serviço de saúde; e estratégias adotadas por enfermeiros no enfrentamento desses problemas. Conclui-se que é necessário implementar processos educativos emancipatórios que possibilitem aos profissionais da saúde construir saberes e desenvolver competências para identificar questões éticas e conduzir soluções.
Acesso de migrantes haitianos à saúde pública: uma questão bioética
Authors: Rocha Anna Silvia Penteado Setti da , Cunha Thiago Rocha da , Guiotoku Sandra , Moysés Simone Tetu
Published: June 2020

Resumo As vulnerabilidades intrínsecas à migração despertam o olhar bioético no que concerne às iniquidades em saúde, que muitas vezes comprometem o acesso a serviços sanitários. Com isso, esta pesquisa avalia o acesso à saúde de migrantes haitianos, buscando reconhecer situações que geram maior vulnerabilidade, com vistas ao aperfeiçoamento de políticas públicas. O estudo utilizou abordagem qualitativa, coletando dados por meio de grupo focal formado por haitianos de ambos os sexos. Conclui-se que é preciso sensibilizar profissionais de saúde em relação a diferenças culturais, combater a xenofobia e o racismo e conscientizar quanto à vulnerabilidade de migrantes e refugiados. A partir disso, será possível repensar políticas e ações em saúde de modo a alcançar a universalidade, a integralidade e a equidade fomentadas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde.
Desenvolvimento da competência de avaliação clínica do paciente crítico por acadêmicos de enfermagem: Contribuição da Simulação
Authors: Gomes Roberta Garcia , Fava Silvana Maria Coelho Leite , Lima Rogério Silva , Sanches Roberta Seron , Gonçalves Marlene Fagundes Carvalho , Resck Zélia Marilda Rodrigues
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivo analisar, sob a ótica da abordagem Histórico-Cultural, a translação do conhecimento da avaliação clínica do paciente crítico em Terapia Intensiva pelo acadêmico de enfermagem, em ambiente real, tendo a simulação clínica como facilitadora do processo de aprendizagem. Método estudo qualitativo e analítico, apoiado no referencial Histórico-Cultural de Vigotski, desenvolvido com acadêmicos da disciplina Estágio Curricular do curso de graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade pública do sul de Minas Gerais. A coleta de dados foi realizada em três etapas: Simulação Clínica, Observação participante no Centro de Terapia Intensiva e Grupo Focal. Resultados foram construídas duas categorias: “A singularidade do sujeito que aprende” e “Simulação como ferramenta para translação do conhecimento”. Conclusão e implicações para a prática a simulação como instrumento psicológico na perspectiva Histórico-Cultural contribuiu para o desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores dos acadêmicos para avaliarem e implementarem ações de cuidado em cenário real da Terapia Intensiva. Essa estratégia não pode ser concebida de modo isolado e desarticulado de fatores inter-relacionados que se dão no campo sociocultural e que implicam nas trajetórias do desenvolvimento humano.
Mulheres detentas do Recife-PE: saúde e qualidade de vida
Authors: Ferreira Marcia Cibele Andrade dos Santos , Fernandes Rosa Aurea Quintella
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivos Identificar o perfil social, hábitos de vida e morbidades referidas, de mulheres detentas; identificar a Qualidade de Vida-QV dessas mulheres e associá-la às variáveis perfil social, hábitos de vida e morbidades referidas. Método Pesquisa transversal, correlacional, de campo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada com 287 detentas, no período de 15 de outubro a 16 de novembro de 2018. Utilizou-se para avaliar a qualidade de vida o WHOQOL-Bref. Resultados A média dos escores da Qualidade de Vida Geral das detentas foi baixa (46), o domínio com maior média foi o Físico e o menor o Meio Ambiente. As morbidades mais referidas foram dor musculoesquelética (52,9%) e doenças respiratórias (25,4%). Houve associação entre a QV e a avaliação ruim / péssima da saúde, em todos os domínios e das morbidades referidas na maioria deles. Conclusões e Implicações para a prática As morbidades referidas, a avaliação negativa da saúde, alguns hábitos de vida e a estrutura da prisão interferiram na percepção da QV das detentas. Conhecer o perfil social e de saúde das mulheres e as situações vivenciadas no cárcere, pode contribuir para o planejamento de intervenções que possam minimizar os agravos à saúde e o impacto na qualidade de vida dessas mulheres.
Qualidade de vida e percepção do estado de saúde entre indivíduos hospitalizados
Authors: Martins Letícia Katiane , Carvalho Ariana Rodrigues da Silva , Oliveira João Lucas Campos de , Santos Reginaldo Passoni dos , Lordani Tarcísio Vitor Augusto
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) e a percepção do estado de saúde entre indivíduos hospitalizados, bem como sua correlação entre si e com fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos. Método Descritivo, transversal, analítico, desenvolvido entre abril de 2018 e janeiro de 2019 com uma amostra probabilística (n=132) de indivíduos internados em hospital universitário do Paraná, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio do WHOQOL-Bref, Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) e formulário para extração de dados sociodemográficos e clínicos. Aplicou-se análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados Na avaliação da QV, os melhores e piores escores foram dos domínios Relações Sociais (72,6±15,46) e Físico (56,1±17,01), respectivamente. O escore geral pelo WHOQOL-Bref foi 64,1±10,41 e a pontuação pela EVA foi 7,6±1,74. Houve associação entre baixos escores da QV e internações prévias. A correlação entre os domínios do WHOQOL-Bref e a EVA foram fracas a moderadas, não apresentando impacto na avaliação. Conclusões A EVA obteve melhor pontuação quando comparada ao WHOQOL-Bref. Internação prévia favoreceu avaliações negativas sobre a QV, bem como referente a percepção sobre o estado de saúde. Implicações para a prática Tais informações podem ajudar o planejamento do cuidado de enfermagem para diminuir o impacto negativo da internação na QV dos indivíduos.
CASOS E HISTÓRIAS DA PROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO DOCENTE NO INSTITUTO DE EDUCAÇÃO DO DISTRITO FEDERAL (1928-1935)
Authors: Paulilo André Luiz
Published: June 2020

Resumo O artigo trata de casos e histórias da atividade docente na capital do Brasil, a partir das discussões em torno da criação do Instituto de Educação importando interrogar a organização da carreira do magistério entre 1928 e 1935. O estudo sugere que os percalços e armadilhas da formação docente pretendida e do recrutamento dos quadros da educação foram vestígios da resistência contra as políticas de reforma da educação pública propostas por Fernando de Azevedo e Anísio Teixeira.
ACESSÍVEL, DESENVOLVIMENTISTA E RENOVADA: AS PERSPECTIVAS SOBRE A ESCOLA PRIMÁRIA NO DISCURSO CIENTÍFICO DA REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ESTUDOS PEDAGÓGICOS (1950-1971)
Authors: Silva Milena Colazingari da
Published: June 2020

Resumo O trabalho identificou os temas do debate educacional, travados no âmbito da Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos, entre 1950 e 1971. No discurso estatal manifesto por seus autores, descortinaram-se preocupações acerca da escola primária; os países tomados como exemplares; a influência dos órgãos internacionais; a concepção pedagógica mais apropriada aos objetivos daquela escola e as medidas políticas tomadas, tendo em vista a organização do ensino primário nacional.
O ENSINO DOS JESUÍTAS NA UNIVERSIDADE DE ÉVORA - O USO DIDÁTICO DE AZULEJOS NO COLÉGIO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Vaz Francisco António Lourenço
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Neste trabalho descrevemos as fases do revestimento das salas de aula do Colégio do Espírito Santo com azulejos e estabelecemos a relação entre os painéis e o ensino ministrado. Num ambiente pedagógico em que a imagem era rara nos manuais, os painéis vinham dar uma nova dimensão ao ensino, motivavam os alunos e complementavam a aprendizagem dos conteúdos. Como fontes usamos os azulejos das salas de aula da Universidade, os manuais utilizados no ensino e descrições feitas sobre o colégio.
LA DIDÁCTICA DE LA HISTORIA DEL ARTE EN EL SIGLO XVIII: APORTACIONES DE LAS ACADEMIAS
Authors: Villodre Maria del Mar Bernabé
Published: June 2020

RESUMEN La didáctica de la Historia del Arte debe mucho a los ideales educativos de la Ilustración, que supusieron la organización de las Reales Academias de Bellas Artes. Su aportación al desarrollo de la didáctica de la Historia del Arte fue fundamental por la publicación de tratados artísticos, primitivos “manuales” docentes fundamentales para comprender la metodología didáctica actual. Se pretende demostrar la importancia de las Academias en el desarrollo de la didáctica de la Historia del Arte.
¿CLÁSICO O TÉCNICO? EL BACHILLERATO Y LA ENSEÑANZA SECUNDARIA EN COLOMBIA, 1903-1956
Authors: Saldarriaga Oscar de Jesus , Reyes Rafael Galindo
Published: June 2020

Resumen En Colombia, el sistema educativo nacional moderno -escalonado, público y abierto- inició hacia 1892, en un complejo juego de tensiones entre el Estado y la Iglesia, el sector privado y el sector público; la concepción humanista-elitista y la concepción democrática-diversificada; poderes centrales y elites locales por financiación, autonomía y uniformidad. El Estado sostuvo un sistema de bachillerato humanístico selectivo. Cuando surgieron propuestas más democratizadoras, tanto el Estado como las élites intelectuales se han rehusado a asumirlas como proyecto nacional.
Avaliação do vocabulário em crianças brasileiras: revisão sistemática de estudos com três instrumentos
Authors: Carbonieri Juliana , Lúcio Patrícia Silva
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivo: investigar, por meio de revisão sistemática, como três instrumentos de avaliação do vocabulário infantil (Teste de Linguagem Infantil ABFW, Expressive Vocabulary Test - EVT - e Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test - PPVT) têm sido utilizados nas pesquisas brasileiras, verificando seus propósitos de usos e os principais resultados encontrados. Estratégia de pesquisa: a revisão foi organizada em dois estudos. O Estudo 1 referiu-se ao procedimento de busca a priori, e o Estudo 2, ao procedimento de busca a posteriori. Foram consultadas três bases de dados nacionais (CAPES, SciELO e PePSIC). Critérios de seleção: para o Estudo 1, foram selecionados artigos empíricos contendo resultados de pesquisas em um dos testes de interesse, em amostra de crianças com desenvolvimento típico em idade escolar (7-10 anos). Para o Estudo 2, foi ampliada a busca para crianças em idade pré-escolar e com algum tipo de transtorno do desenvolvimento. Análise dos dados: os artigos selecionados foram lidos na íntegra e sintetizados em uma tabela contendo objetivo do estudo, faixa etária da amostra, instrumento, delineamento, principais resultados e periódico de publicação. Resultados: foram encontrados 24 estudos, a maioria na área da Fonoaudiologia. Os resultados indicam predominância de pesquisas transversais e observacionais, que buscaram traçar perfil cognitivo de crianças com algum transtorno do desenvolvimento, utilizando ou não grupos de controle. Nenhuma pesquisa tratou da investigação psicométrica dos instrumentos. Conclusão: mostra-se necessária a condução de pesquisas no Brasil que enfoquem na investigação psicométrica de instrumentos de avaliação do vocabulário em crianças pré-escolares e em idade escolar.
Stepped spillway with pre-aeration by a deflector: flow characteristics
Authors: Novakoski Carolina Kuhn , Ferla Rute , Prá Maurício Dai , Canellas Alba Valéria Brandão , Marques Marcelo Giulian , Teixeira Eder Daniel
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Stepped spillways aim to dissipate part of the upstream energy during the flow passage by the chute. However, the use of these structures is limited to a restrict range of specific discharges due to the risk of cavitation damage. As the air entrainment into the flow assists the concrete protection against the aforementioned damages, a possible solution by aerators installed along the chute, already disseminated to smooth chutes, is being studied to be used also in stepped spillways. The purpose of the present paper is to characterize a flow over a stepped chute with induced aeration by deflector and air supply by an airtight chamber trough tests conducted on a reduced scale physical model. The main regions observed during the tests are presented and were developed four equations that allow to approximately predict the location of the main regions for a given spillway.
Crustacean parasites of Leporinus affinis, an Anostomidae fish from the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Vasconcelos Huann Carllo Gentil , Sá-Oliveira Júlio César , Salomão Débora da Conceição Oliveira , Tavares-Dias Marcos
Published: June 2020

Abstract This study investigated the fauna of ectoparasitic crustaceans in Leporinus affinis from Reservoir Coaracy Nunes, in eastern Amazon (Brazil), as well as the parasite-host interactions. The mouth, gills and tegument of 50.9% of the fish examined were parasitized by Argulus chicomendesi, Ergasilus turucuyus and Excorallana berbicensis, and a total of 118 parasites were collected. The dominance was found for E. berbicensis and the higher infestation levels were caused by E. berbicensis on the body surface of the hosts, but E. turucuyus had the highest prevalence on the gills of this host. The cluster analysis revealed higher similarity in the infestations by E. berbicensis and A. chicomendesi in relation to infestation site in hosts. Host sex and relative condition factor (Kn) were not influenced by moderate parasitism, but the abundance of parasites presented negative correlation with weight and Kn of the fish. This is the first study on the parasites of L. affinis showing low species diversity, with moderate prevalence and low parasite abundance.
Shoreline: Data-Driven Threshold Estimation of Online Reserves of Cryptocurrency Trading Platforms (Student Abstract)
Authors: Zhang Xitong , Zhu He , Zhou Jiayu
Published: June 2020

With the proliferation of blockchain projects and applications, cryptocurrency exchanges, which provides exchange services among different types of cryptocurrencies, become pivotal platforms that allow customers to trade digital assets on different blockchains. Because of the anonymity and trustlessness nature of cryptocurrency, one major challenge of crypto-exchanges is asset safety, and all-time amount hacked from crypto-exchanges until 2018 is over $1.5 billion even with carefully maintained secure trading systems. The most critical vulnerability of crypto-exchanges is from the so-called hot wallet, which is used to store a certain portion of the total asset online of an exchange and programmatically sign transactions when a withdraw happens. It is important to develop network security mechanisms. However, the fact is that there is no guarantee that the system can defend all attacks. Thus, accurately controlling the available assets in the hot wallets becomes the key to minimize the risk of running an exchange. In this paper, we propose Shoreline, a deep learning-based threshold estimation framework that estimates the optimal threshold of hot wallets from historical wallet activities and dynamic trading networks.
HARK: Harshness-Aware Sentiment Analysis Framework for Product Review (Student Abstract)
Authors: Zhou Ting , Wang Xun , Fang Yili
Published: June 2020

Sentiment analysis has been a helpful mechanism that targets to understand the market feedback on certain commodities by utilizing the user comments. In the process of providing comments, each user comment is generated based on his/her preference which is referred to as harshness. Existing methods mainly apply majority voting or its variants to directly infer the evaluation of products. Nevertheless, due to the ignorance of the harshness of users, these methods will lead to low-quality inference outcome of sentiment analysis, which is far from the result of the expert analysis report. To this end, we propose HARK, a harshness-aware product analysis framework. First, we employ a Bayesian-based model for sentiment analysis. Moreover, in order to infer the reliable sentiment concerning each product from all the comments, we present a probabilistic graphical model in which the harshness is incorporated. Extensive experimental evaluations have shown that the result of our method is more consistent with the expert evaluation than that of the state-of-the-art methods. And our method also outperforms the method which infers the final sentiment with the ground truth of comments but without involving the harshness of users.
Contention-Aware Mapping and Scheduling Optimization for NoC-Based MPSoCs (Student Abstract)
Authors: Zhou Yupeng , Yan Rongjie , Cai Anyu , Yan Yige , Yin Minghao
Published: June 2020

We consider spacial and temporal aspects of communication to avoid contention in Network-on-Chip (NoC) architectures. A constraint model is constructed such that the design concerns can be evaluated, and an efficient evolutionary algorithm with various heuristics is proposed to search for better solutions. Experimentations from random benchmarks demonstrate the efficiency of our method in multi-objective optimization and the effectiveness of our techniques in avoiding network contention.
Long-Term Disease Control Using Taxane/Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in CDK12-Mutated Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Barata Pedro , Ledet Elisa , Manogue Charlotte , Cotogno Patrick , Harris Kendra , Lewis Brian , Layton Jodi , Sartor Oliver
Published: June 2020

This letter to the editor describes a patient with metastatic prostate cancer harboring a biallelic somatic CDK12 mutation and their response to a platinum-based combination therapy.
The Conjoined Spectacles of the “Smart Super Bowl”
Authors: Shelby Renee , Barnes Sarah , Parvin Nassim , McDonald Mary G.
Published: June 2020

This essay examines the Super Bowl and the smart city as conjoined spectacles. A focused case study on Super Bowl LIII and its staging in Atlanta, Georgia in 2019 allows us to investigate how the use of cutting-edge smart technologies, including cameras, sensors, artificial intelligence, image recognition, and data collection techniques to secure Mercedes Benz stadium naturalizes a broader anticipatory logic of state and corporate intervention, often evoked in the name of public safety and terrorism-prevention. Together the spectacles of sport and smart technologies gloss over systemic inequality and legitimize security infrastructures as well as related ideas that social problems such as a lack of affordable housing, police brutality, and environmental degradation are best addressed through technological solutions. Foregrounding the conjoined spectacles of the smart city and Super Bowl problematizes seemingly necessary security processes and social relations among people, events, technologies, and cities, inviting further research and discussions necessary for strengthening critical interventions and theorizing in these areas.