bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AHMED MİDHAT EFENDİ VE MÜTERCİM İZZET PAŞA NIN BİLİNMEYEN MEKTUPLAŞMASI: ROMAN, LİSÂN, BATILILAŞMA VE MAÂRİF ÜZERİNE TENKİTLER
Authors: Denizmen Serap
Published: December 2023

19. yüzyıl şairlerinden Mütercim İzzet Paşa (ö. 1914) Gonce-i Bostan adını verdiği
manzum Bostan tercümesinin bir nüshasını ünlü romancı ve gazeteci Ahmed Midhat
Efendi’ye (ö. 1912) sunmuştur. Eseri okuyan Ahmed Midhat, Mütercim İzzet’e tebriken
bir mektup yazmış ve onun bazı ifadelerini eleştirmiştir. Mütercim İzzet, Ahmed Midhat’ın
yazdığı mektubu ve kendisinin karşılık olarak yazdığı cevabnameyi elindeki Gonce-i Bostan
nüshasına kopyalamıştır. 1906 yılına tarihlenen mektupların konusu Gonce-i Bostan’ın
“İfâde ve sebeb-i tercüme” (mukaddime) bölümündeki bazı beyitlerdir. Mütercim İzzet ilgili
beyitlerde edebî alanda Batılılaşmayı, roman türünü, Maârif Nezareti’nin yabancı dil
eğitimi politikalarını, yabancı hocaların talebeler üzerindeki etkisini eleştirmektedir.
Makalenin konusunu teşkil eden her iki mektup yazıldıkları sosyokültürel, siyasal ve edebî
bağlam göz önünde bulundurularak tahlil edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Mektuplarda özellikle ön
plana çıkan konular nirengi noktaları olarak seçilmiş ve çalışma bu ana hatlar üzerinden
yürütülmüştür. Osmanlı modernleşmesinin hız kazandığı 19. asır boyunca Osmanlı
aydınlarının ve bürokratlarının gündemini meşgul eden Garplılaşma, yeni bir edebî tür
olarak roman ve niteliği, Batılı tarzda kitlesel eğitim, İslami değerler ve Batı kültürü,
Osmanlı lisânı-Türkçe, yabancı dil eğitimi ve maârif sistemi gibi konular bahsedilen
mektuplarda da tartışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada yaşadıkları dönemin etkin isimlerinden olan
Ahmed Midhat Efendi ve Mütercim İzzet Paşa’nın hayatları kısaca özetlenmiş, Gonce-i
Bostan tanıtılmış, tartışmaya/mektuplaşmaya konu olan “ifade ve sebeb-i tercüme”
(mukaddime) bölümü ve her iki şahsın mektubu günümüz alfabesine aktarılmıştır.
Mektupların daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için bahsi geçen isim ve eserler hakkında açıklamalar
yapılmış, her iki müellifin eleştirilerine konu olan meseleler kendi döneminin havasına ve
anlayışına uygun bir şekilde değerlendirilmeye gayret edilmiştir.
CUMHURİYET İN İLK YILLARINDA EDEBİYAT: İSMAİL HABİB İN TEVFİK FİKRET VE MEHMED ÂKİF ÜZERİNE DÜŞÜNCELERİ
Authors: Adıgüzel Muhammet Sani
Published: December 2023

Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin ilk edebiyat tarihi kitabı İsmail Habib’in “Türk
Teceddüd Edebiyatı Tarihi” adlı eseridir. Müellifin bu eseri yazma sebebi
Cumhuriyet’in kurucusunun da zımnî teyidiyle Tevfik Fikret’in en büyük şair
addedildiği bir anekdottur. Bu kanaati benimsemeyen yazar için Tevfik
Fikret’in halis Türkçeden uzak olan dili yeni dönem için uygun değildir. Harf
inkılabı sonrası, yeni harflerle basılan ilk eser Tevfik Fikret’in İslam geleneğini
reddinin en keskin ifadelerini ihtiva eden Tarih-i Kadim’dir. İsmail Habib bu
kez, Tevfik Fikret’in ahlakını, Mehmed Âkif’in ahlak anlayışının karşısında
konumlandırarak tasdik eder. İsmail Habib’e göre Fikret anılan şiiriyle Türk
şiirine laikliği getiren ve ümmet zihniyetini defeden şair olarak övgüyü hak
etmektedir. Mehmed Âkif’in ahlakın temelinin Allah korkusunu olduğu
düşüncesi ise İsmail Habib tarafından kabul görmez. Diğer taraftan, İstiklal
Marşı’nı Türk Teceddüd Edebiyatı Tarihi’nde anmayan İsmail Habib, Mehmed
Âkif’i daha sade ve olgun Türkçesiyle methe layık görecektir. Bu makalede,
İsmail Habib’in “Türk Teceddüd Edebiyatı Tarihi” ve “Edebi Yeniliğimiz” adlı
eserleri merkeze alınarak Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında Mehmed Âkif ve Tevfik
Fikret’e olan bakışının ortaya konulması hedeflenmektedir.
COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHANGES IN ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL TISSUES AFTER IMPLANTATION OF «CAPROMESH» MESH IN COMBINATION WITH PRP AND «LIGHT» POLYPROPYLENE MESH IN AN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Piatnochka Volodymyr , Dovha Iryna
Published: December 2023

A systematic review of a recently published meta-analysis shows that laparoscopic and open allogeneoplasty is a safe procedure with relatively short-term and long-term results. A new minimally invasive technique has been developed that allows the mesh to be placed in the retroperitoneal space through a small transhernial incision, avoiding signiﬁ cant trauma to the abdominal wall and contact with the abdominal cavity. However, this type of operation does not involve ﬁ xation of the mesh in the retromuscular space, which can lead to a number of complications. The analysis of the obtained results determines the relevance of this study.Objective. To compare the features of the ultrastructural reaction of the tissues of the muscle- aponeurotic layer of tissues to the implantation of «Capromesh» in combination with PRP and polypropylene meshes in an experiment.Material and methods. The study was conducted on 16 same-sex pigs of the Vietnamese breed weighing at least 10 kg, which were divided into 2 groups. Histological and ultrastructural changes in the tissues of the muscle- aponeurotic layer of the anterior abdominal wall after implantation in the retromuscular space of «Capromesh» in combination with PRP (plasma enriched with growth factors) and polypropylene meshes were studied in the experiment.The results. A signiﬁ cant diﬀ erence in tissue reactions at diﬀ erent times of the experiment on the implanted material was proven. The conducted microscopic and electron microscopic studies after the implantation of the «Capromesh» mesh in combination with PRP established that starting from the 7th day of the experiment, the inﬂ ammatory changes in the tissues of the muscle- aponeurotic layer are not as signiﬁ cant as during the implantation of the polypropylene mesh. Starting from the 14th day of the experiment, the signs characterizing the reduction of the inﬂ ammatory reaction and the more intense formation of ﬁ brous structures around the mesh material are much better expressed. On the 21st day of the experiment, at the microscopic and electron microscopic levels, a signiﬁ cantly smaller number of areas of leukocyte inﬁ ltration, intensive vascularization from the formation of collagen ﬁ bers with the participation of ﬁ broblasts around the «Capromesh» mesh material in combination with PRP was established.Conclusions. The conducted micro- and ultrastructural studies determined the priority of using the «Capromesh» mesh in combination with PRP under the conditions of material selection when performing retromuscular allogeneoplasty.
STAGES OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF TARGET ORGANS IN EXPERIMENTALLY SIMULATED ACUTE PERITONITIS
Authors: Dzyubanovsky Ihor , Kovalchuk Andriy , Dzyubanovsky Oleh
Published: December 2023

One of the urgent problems in urgent abdominal surgery remains acute disseminated peritonitis (AP), the mortality rate of which remains high due to the development of multiple organ failure syndrome, despite the use of modern methods of diagnosis and treatment.The purpose of the study. To substantiate the possibility of using laparoscopic methods of treatment depending on the severity and stage of morphological changes of the target organs and the duration of peritonitis simulated in the experiment.Material and methods. The experiment used 150 sexually mature non-linear female rats, weighing 180.0-220.0 grams, which were kept on the standard ration of the vivarium of the Central Research Laboratory with maintenance of food and drinking regimes recommended by the norms of keeping laboratory animals. The animals were divided into 5 groups – a control group (30 rats) and 4 experimental groups (120 rats), which underwent HP simulation by intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml of 30 % autocal. The animals of the research group were removed from the experiment under sodium thiopental anesthesia by bloodletting on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days. Results of the study. Morphohistochemical study of the target organs on the 1st day of the experiment: singleorgan changes were observed (examination of the peritoneum revealed its pronounced swelling). A slight vascular reaction of the basal membrane of the mucous membrane was established in the small intestine. On the 3rd day, the changes remained monooraneous with increases in inﬂ ammatory phenomena. On the 5th day, the spread of the systemic inﬂ ammatory response to the lungs and kidneys was conﬁ rmed. Areas with foci of dystrophic- necrotic changes in the epithelium of the tubules were visualized in individual excretory tubules in the kidneys.In the lungs: the number of erythrocytes and ﬁ brin increased in the cellular component. On the 7th day of the experiment, the heart and liver were involved in the process. In the heart, dystonia and paresis of microcirculatory vessels, erythrocyte stasis, and the formation of cell aggregates in the lumen of vessels were observed. In the liver, it is observed: congestion of the central veins, manifestations of venous stasis.Conclusion. Based on the stages of morphological changes of the studied organs at diﬀ erent times, the simulation of acute peritonitis allowed us to theoretically justify a diﬀ erentiated approach to the selection of the type of surgical interventions.
STUDYING THE SUBJECT «SIDE EFFECTS OF DRUGS» – AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF FORMING THE FUNDAMENTALS OF RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Melnychuk Svitlana , Batranovska Svitlana , Kopchuk Tamara , Unhuryan Tetiana , Kaspruk Nataliia
Published: December 2023

The subject «Side eﬀ ects of drugs» is an important component of the thorough training of medical students in the specialty «Medicine», as it allows future medical specialists to expand and improve their knowledge of pharmacology, deepen their understanding of the side eﬀ ects of drugs and their prevention measures, and lay the fundamentals of rational pharmacotherapy. Thanks to the appropriate level of knowledge of etiology, mechanisms of development, manifestations of adverse reactions caused by drugs, and ways to eliminate them, a modern physician will become a guarantee of safe and rational therapy of patients, strengthening the health of the population and prevention of self-medication, while remaining a reliable link in the conduction of objective analysis of any case of an adverse reaction during the use of medications and an unerring establishment of the cause-and-eﬀ ect relationship of its occurrence.
MODIFICATION OF NEURAL INTERACTIONS AND FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF MEDIATOR SYSTEMS UNDER CONDITIONS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Rodynskyi Oleksandr , Seleznyova Olga
Published: December 2023

The review examines the peculiarities of mediator systems under the conditions of metabolic syndrome. The processes of oxidative stress that occur in adipose tissue are described and can be caused not only by an increase in ROS production, but also by a decrease in the antioxidant protection of adipocytes. Features of the eﬀ ects of antioxidant enzymes are shown, which creates prerequisites for further study of their activity in various tissues against the background of metabolic disorders characteristic of metabolic syndrome. Convincing evidence is provided that functional changes in the expression, activity, and regulatory properties of neuronal NO synthase play a key role among the molecular causes of MS. Understanding the molecular basis of the functioning of the signiﬁ cant components of the NO cycle, the patterns of their changes, the relationship between this cycle and oxidative and nitrosative stress will allow in the future to develop methods of more eﬀ ective diagnosis, treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome.
LUNG CARCINOGENESIS: CHARACTERISTICS, CAUSES, PATTERNS AND MECHANISMS OF OCCURRENCE
Authors: Lutsiv Elizaveta , Ohinska Nataliia
Published: December 2023

Lung cancer is a world- class medical problem, which is why new research is conducted almost every day using the deepening of knowledge about histological features and the development of the least harmful, but at the same time, eﬀ ective therapy for various types of this oncology. The article compiles data from various studies related to lung cancer, with an emphasis on information provided over the past decade. Characteristics of types of lung cancer at the cellular level, diagnostic methods, as well as features of terget therapy for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are highlighted. Suﬃ cient attention is paid to the cause of lung carcinogens (inﬂ uence of smoking, radiation, cancer after tuberculosis, genetic factors, etc.) and processes that occur when the body is exposed to harmful factors. The mechanisms of virus emergence, the features of cell mutations, the main stages and regularities of metastasis in lung cancer are described.
О Классификационных средствах патентного поиска в области Зеленых технологий
Authors: Дарина Ольга
Published: December 2023

Изменение климата, загрязнение окружающей среды и истощение природных ископаемых ресурсов – это глобальные проблемы, на решение которых в последнее время направлены усилия ученых и изобретателей во всех странах мира. Для России обеспечение устойчивого развития страны и снижения антропогенного воздействия на окружающую среду также являются приоритетными целями, как и для других стран.

В статье представлен аналитический обзор возможностей для патентного поиска в области зеленых технологий в бесплатных базах данных ВОИС WIPO GREEN, в базе данных Patentscope и в базе данных ЕПВ Espacenet с применением патентных классификации МПК, СПК, IPC Green Inventory, доступных современному пользователю через интернет. Средства патентного поиска будут полезны российским пользователям, которые интересуются использованием новаций в промышленном производстве для уменьшения отрицательного влияния на окружающую среду.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ КАСКАДНОГО РЕГУЛЯТОРА ОДНОКОНТУРНОЙ ЗАВИСИМОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ОТОПЛЕНИЯ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ ИМИТАЦИОННОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: Долгих Роман , Горбунов Роман , Палкин Георгий , Лягоцкий Максим , Иванова Анастасия
Published: December 2023

В статье рассматривается система управления одноконтурной зависимой системой отопления здания, обеспечивающая экономию энергетических ресурсов. Предложена имитационная модель системы управления в программе Siemens Logo!Soft Comfort, учитывающая прямую связь по температуре наружного воздуха и обратную связь по температуре в отапливаемых помещениях. С помощью имитационной модели получены графики регулирования температуры теплоносителя системы отопления при различных внешних и внутренних воздействиях на систему управления.
Зависимость размаха колебания давления воздуха в манжете от величины артериального давления в условиях специального психофизиологического исследования
Authors: Летков Юрий
Published: December 2023

На основе модели плеча с недеформируемой биологической
тканью определена зависимости размаха осциллограммы давления
воздуха в манжете от артериального давления. Дано объяснение
зависимости размаха осциллограммы от давления в манжете. Показано,
что в условиях тестирования на полиграфе с увеличение артериального
давления размах осциллограммы должен уменьшаться. На основе этого
предложен способ определения на полиграмме увеличения артериального
давления у тестируемого после предъявления стимула.
Двухкритериальный подход к задачам оптимизации с неопределёнными факторами
Authors: Коннов Игорь
Published: December 2023

Для задач оптимизации с неопределёнными факторами предлагается новый подход, связанный со сведением исходной задачи к

многокритериальной задаче оптимизации. Для решения предлагается комбинация метода последовательных уступок и линейной свертки критериев. Описано применение метода к простейшим экстремальным задачам на графах.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DAN ADVERSITY QUOTIENT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI SMA
Authors: Marwan Khairun Nisa , Sani Ridwan Abdullah , Juliani Rita
Published: December 2023

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran Scientific Inquiry dan Adversity Quotient terhadap hasil belajar siswa di SMA. Jenis penelitian adalah quasi eksperimen dengan two group pretest posttest design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Batang Kuis tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Pemilihan sampel diambil secara cluster random sampling. Sampel dibagi dalam dua kelas, kelas eksperimen yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran Scientific Inquiry dan kelas kontrol diajarkan dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes hasil belajar essay terdiri dari 14 soal dan tes Adversity Quotient yang terdiri dari 20 pernyataan serta telah dinyatakan valid. Data dalam penelitian dianalisis dengan anava dua jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran Scientific Inquiry lebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional, hasil belajar siswa yang memiliki Adversity Quotient tingggi lebih baik daripada siswa yang memiliki Adversity Quotient rendah, serta terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran Scientific Inquiry dan Adversity Quotient terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL BERBANTUAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KOMIK ETNOSAINS
Authors: Lina Septina Rosa , Risdianto Eko , Medriati Rosane
Published: December 2023

Rendahnya nilai fisika yang di peroleh oleh peserta didik menjadi alasan utama dilakukan penelitian Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kontekstual Berbantuan Media Pembelajaran Komik Etnosains. Penelitian akan mendeskripsikan: (1) apakah terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar peserta didik di SMAN 6 Bengkulu Selatan dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kontekstual berbantuan media komik etnosains dibandingkan model discovery learning; (2) seberapa besar pengaruh model pembelajaran kontekstual berbantuan media komik etnosains dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran discovery learning terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik. Dalam penelitian ini, penelitian kuantitatif dilakukan melalui metode quasi eksperimen menggunakan nonequivalent control group design. Dalam pengambilan sampel teknik yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 61 peserta didik. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan soal pretest dan posttest soal pilihan ganda sebanyak 20 soal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas eksperimen yang belajar menggunakan model pembelajaran kontekstual dibandingkan kelas kontrol yang di belajar menggunakan model pembelajaran discovery learning.
PENERAPAN MODEL LEARNING CYCLE 7E BERBANTUAN MACROMEDIA FLASH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF PADA MATERI USAHA DAN ENERGI KELAS X SMAN 12 PEKANBARU
Authors: Putri Pani Dwi , Syahril Syahril , Maaruf Zudi
Published: December 2023

Peserta didik yang pasif dan kurangnya motivasi belajar dalam pembelajaran, akan berdampak pada hasil belajar peserta didik. Guru hendaknya menerapkan model dan juga media pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan motivasi peserta didik, contohnya model learning cycle 7E berbantuan macromedia flash. Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan dan mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar kognitif kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan model learning cycle 7E berbantuan macromedia flash dan kelas kontrol yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMAN 12 Pekanbaru pada bulan Maret-Mei 2023. Populasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah seluruh kelas X MIPA yang terdiri dari 6 kelas dengan jumlah 216 siswa. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random samping dengan cara acak melalui undian, sehingga diperoleh kelas X MIPA 5 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan X MIPA 6 sebagai kelas kontrol. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasy Experiment dengan model Posttest Only Non-Equivalen Control Group Design. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari silabus, RPP, LKPD dan instrumen pengumpulan data diperoleh dari hasil posttest hasil belajar kognitif yang diberikan kepada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Analisis data diperoleh dari uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji hipotesis menggunakan SPSS 25, yang menyatakan kedua kelas homogen dan terdistribusi normal serta terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar kognitif yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol
DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLEX PROBLEM SOLVING TESTS IN NEWTON’S DYNAMIC FOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Weisdiyanti Nurhikmah , Sahyar Sahyar , Juliani Rita
Published: December 2023

Complex problem solving (CPS) is important for students, but educators rarely provide tests that hone CPS, because the available tests are not up to standard. The aim of the study was to develop a physics test instrument based on CPS for high school that met the qualifications in the aspects of validity, reliability, discriminatory power and level of difficulty. The type of research used is the Borg & Gall research and development (R&D) model with 9 stages, namely: (1) preliminary study of problem-solving test instruments, (2) planning of instrument development and testing, (3) development of problem-solving-based test instruments, (4) initial field test by 5 material, construction and language expert validators, (5) main product revision, (6) main field test on 20 test takers, (7) operational product revision, (8) operational field test on 100 participants tests, and (9) final product revisions. This research uses a mixed method approach with qualitative and quantitative analysis. The developed test instrument consists of 15 essay test items. The results of the initial field test obtained 30 valid test items with minor revisions on the material, construction and language aspects. The results of the main field test obtained 14 test items valid and very reliable. The operational field test results obtained 14 valid and very reliable test items so that the CPS test is suitable for use and can be useful in helping educators to hone students' CPS ability.
STUDI KORELASI KEMAMPUAN AWAL MATEMATIKA MAHASISWA DENGAN PENCAPAIAN KOGNITIF FISIKA UMUM KONSEP GERAK PELURU PADA TINGKATAN BERPIKIR APLIKASI (C3) DAN ANALISIS (C4)
Authors: Siombone Salman Hamja , Niwele Amelia
Published: December 2023

Kemampuan awal matematika mahasiswa dan tingkatan berpikir (aspek kognitif) dalam pemberian tes fisika menjadi perhatian khusus bagi pengajar dalam memantau dan mengontrol pencapaian hasil belajar fisika mahasiswa. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan korelasional antara kemampuan awal matematika mahasiswa dengan pencapaian kognitif fisika umum. Capaian kognitif fisika yang dimaksud adalah kemampuan penyelesaian soal-soal tes fisika konsep gerak peluru. Sampel dalam penelitian yang dilakukan berupa sampel jenuh, yaitu 29 orang mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Semester II. Instrumen penelitian berupa dua bentuk tes essay yaitu tes kemampuan awal matematika dan tes kemampuan menyelesaikan soal fisika. Instrumen tes kemampuan matematika digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan konsep aritmatika, aljabar dan trigonometri. Sedangkan tes kemampuan fisika digunakan untuk mengukur capaian kognitif fisika umum mahasiswa pada tingkatan berpikir aplikasi (C3) dan analisis (C4). Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencapaian kompetensi kognitif fisika umum mahasiswa untuk materi gerak peluru pada tingkatan berpikir C3 memiliki peresentase keberhasilan lebih tinggi yaitu 79,310% dibandingkan pada tingkatan berpikir C4 yaitu 24,137%. Hasil analisis korelasional menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang positif dan tinggi antara kemampuan awal matematika mahasiswa dengan pencapaian kognitif fisika umum pada materi gerak peluru dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar  = 0,895.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS DENGAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SAINS MAHASISWA CALON GURU FISIKA
Authors: Pribadi Tegar , Munfaridah Nuril , Swasono Purbo
Published: December 2023

Literasi sains merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang sangat diperlukan mahasiswa yang nantinya digunakan untuk mengambil keputusan atas berbagai fenomena yang terjadi. Kemampuan literasi sains penting untuk calon guru fisika mengingat guru berperan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains siswa. Penguasaan kemampuan literasi sains calon guru salah satunya dapat diperoleh dari kegiatan pembelajaran dan membaca berbagai sumber belajar yang didalamnya juga berbahasa Inggris. Penelitian, berguna mengetahui permasalahan mahasiswa dalam menggunakan sumber belajar berbahasa Inggris serta keterkaitannya dengan kemampuan literasi sains mahasiswa calon guru fisika. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada mahasiswa S1 pendidikan fisika yang menempuh mata kuliah English for Physics. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berbagai temuan terkait permasalahan dalam proses mahasiswa memperoleh informasi dari sumber belajar bahasa Inggris, dan temuan-temuan lain terkait kemampuan literasi sains mahasiswa calon guru. Terdapat indikasi adanya keterkaitan antara kemampuan berbahasa Inggris dan kemampuan literasi sains di mana kemampuan berbahasa Inggris mahasiswa sejalan dengan kemampuan literasi sainsnya yang meliputi content knowledge, procedural knowledge, dan epistemic knowledge saat menggunakan sumber belajar berbahasa Inggris. Lebih konkret, penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai pertimbangan dalam penelitian selanjutnya yang melibatkan literasi sains dan kemampuan berbahasa Inggris.
PENGEMBANGAN E-BOOK IPA BERORIENTASI ASESMEN KOMPETENSI MINIMUM (AKM) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SISWA SMP
Authors: Pakpahan Sahat Hasiholan , Sani Ridwan A , Derlina Derlina
Published: December 2023

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui desain e-book IPA berorientasi AKM yang dapat meningkatkan literasi siswa dan mengembangkan dan menghasilkan e-book IPA berorientasi AKM yang bersifat valid, efektif dan praktis untuk meningkatkan literasi siswa. Model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) digunakan dalam jenis penelitian ini yang disebut dengan penelitian pengembangan (R&D). Komponen pada desain e-book yaitu; Cover, Prakata, Daftar isi, KI dan KD, Video pembelajaran, AKM Awal, Materi IPA, Soal bentuk AKM, Asesmen dalam bentuk AKM. Desain yang dikembangkan cukup efektif meningkatkan literasi siswa dengan rata-rata hasil validasi dari kedua dosen ahli materi adalah 92,54 % dengan kategori sangat baik dan rata-rata hasil penilaian oleh 2 guru IPA adalah 92,75 % dengan kategori sangat baik, nilai N-gain score pada sekolah-1 adalah 0,72 dan N-gain score persen 72,14 % dan nilai N-gain score pada sekolah-2 adalah 0,71 dan N-gain score persen 71,30 %, nilai kepraktisan dengan nilai rata-rata persentase 89,65 dengan kategori baik sekali, dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa e-book IPA berorientasi AKM sudah layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar yang memiliki kualitas valid, efektif dan praktis
EFEKTIFITAS PENERAPAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING PADA MATA KULIAH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN FISIKA
Authors: Mahulae Parno Sumanro , Makahinda Tineke
Published: December 2023

Penggunaan teknologi digital dalam pembelajaran semakin pesat di era teknologi digital tahun 2023 Hal ini menuntut para calon guru untuk menguasai penggunaan teknologi digital dalam membuat media pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan seberapa efektif model pembelajaran berbasis proyek terhadap hasil belajar.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu quasi-eksperimen dengan desain one grup pretest-posttest. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Negeri Manado semester 5. Teknik pengambilan sampel purposive. Instrumen penelitian ini berupa tes hasil belajar mahasiswa dalam bentuk uraian sebanyak 10 soal, dari hasil tes tersebut dilakukan uji n-gain. Hasilnya menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa dengan nilai rata-rata pretest 45 dan nilai rata-rata posttest 77. Hasil analisis n-gain adalah 0,57 yang menunjukkan kategori keefektifan sedang. Oleh karena itu, pembelajaran mata kuliah pengembangan media pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek efektif terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa dengan peningkatan pengetahuan dan tentang pembuatan media pembelajaran berbasis digital.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN MAHASISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN PERMASALAHAN TIPE HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILL (HOTS) PADA MATA KULIAH FISIKA MODERN
Authors: Ekasari Aprilita , Algiranto Algiranto , Silubun Helga C. Antonia
Published: December 2023

Latar belakang dari penelitian, ditemukanya banyak jawaban dari mahasiswa yang memiliki kesalahan, yang akhirnya dijadikan petunjuk untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh penguasaan materi mahasiswa. Materi dualisme gelombang partikel digunakan dalam penelitian ini dikarenakan memiliki sifat-sifat yang harus dipahami mahasiswa, sehingga kesalahan-kesalahan mahasiswa dengan mudah ditemukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimana mahasiswa menggunakan Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) untuk memecahkan masalah pada matakuliah fisika modern. Sepuluh mahasiswa semester 5 berpartisipasi dalam penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif. Instrumen pengambilan data terdiri dari tes yang berupa 10 soal uraian dan wawancara digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, mahasiswa melakukan kesalahan menyelesaikan permasalahan pada  materi fisika modern dengan permasalahan tipe Higher Order Thingking Skills (HOTS). Kesalahan dalam membaca, transformasi, keterampilan proses, dan menulis jawaban akhir pada analisis aspek yang termasuk dalam kesalahan konseptual dan kesalahan teknik. Selain itu mengenai aspek evaluasi yaitu kemampuan mengolah kesalahan dan menyusun tanggapan akhir. Pada aspek mencipta, khususnya kesalahan dalam pemahaman dan penulisan jawaban akhir. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk acuan pembelajaran berikutnya, dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang sesuai sehingga dapat meminimalisir kesahanan pada jawaban mahasiswa.
ANALISIS PERAN PERPUSTAKAAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN LITERASI PESERTA DIDIK DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Cahyaningtyas Aura , Arifin Bustanol , Deviana Tyas
Published: December 2023

One of Malang's top libraries, Muhammadiyah Elementary School No. 4 Library offers excellent facilities, infrastructure, and a range of literacy-boosting programs. The goal of this study is to determine how Muhammadiyah Elementary School No. 4's library contributes to children' increased literacy in the current digital era. The study's technique was qualitative. To gather information about the study subject and study objects in the field, the researcher employed observation, interviewing, and documenting techniques. The chief librarian and the research documents were the study's topics and objects. The chief librarian's interview served as the major data source, while the results of the observation and documentation research served as the secondary data source. The outcomes of the results of the survey analysis showed that both the volume of books checked out and the number of library visitors are not constant. However, it was discovered through the numerous activities carried out by the library that the function of the library in raising the literacy rate of Malang Muhammadiyah Elementary School fourth grade pupils is entirely doable.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA POWER POINT INTERAKTIF PADA PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN SISWA KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Chandra Milke Audina , Poerwanti Endang , Mukhlishina Innany
Published: December 2023

Media is a tool that teachers use to convey material during the learning process. Therefore, media is very important to use during the learning process. The aim of this research is to produce digital-based media, namely interactive power points, which are suitable for use to help students who have difficulty reading and can attract interest in reading in grade 1 elementary school students. The type of research used is development research or Research and Development (R&D). The method used is experimental. The research model used is the Addie model from Dick and Carey. The data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. The results of material expert validation and media expert validation stated that interactive PowerPoint media was very suitable for use and did not need revision. The value obtained from material expert validation was 84% and from media expert validation the value was 80%. Power point media was declared very suitable by getting the category very well used and implemented for reading learning at the beginning of grade 1 of elementary school. The students' response was very good, it can be seen that students felt enthusiastic when learning using interactive power point media. Therefore, this power point media can be used for initial reading learning and increasing reading interest in grade 1 elementary school students.
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KEPEMIMPINAN ANAK USIA 10-12 TAHUN BERBASIS PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL
Authors: Ferdinand Rio , Nugrahanta Gregorius Ari
Published: December 2023

Character education is a topic that has received a lot of attention in order to develop the character potential of the nation's young generation. The research was conducted with the aim of developing a traditional game guidebook to improve the leadership character of children aged 10 to 12 years, determine the quality of the guidebook developed, and determine the effect of implementing the guidebook developed. The type of research used is Research and Development type ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate). The results of this research are a manual for traditional games to improve the leadership character of children aged 10-12 years which was developed using the ADDIE steps. The manual for traditional games to improve children's leadership character has a quality of "Very Good" from the validation results of 10 expert judgments with a score of 3.62. The application of traditional game manuals to improve children's leadership character has an effect on improving the leadership character of children aged 10-12 years as shown by an r value of 0.963, equivalent to 93% which is included in the "Large effect" category from the results of a limited trial of research subjects with 8 children aged 10-12 years old.
KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSPERSONAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DI PENDIDIKAN DASAR
Authors: Rola Fasti , Rambe Titin Rahmayanti , Armanto Dian , Yus Anita
Published: December 2023

The quality of education in elementary schools must be well maintained so that the next generation of a nation with character is formed. One of the factors that greatly influences the quality of education in elementary schools is good leadership. The principal as the main leader in elementary schools has a very important role in managing the school and leading all members of the school. In the last few decades, transformational leadership theory has become one of the most influential leadership models in education. The transformational approach to leadership has long been considered a productive approach. Transpersonal leadership offers a more humanistic and values-centered approach to addressing the complex challenges faced by today's organizations and societies).
PENERAPAN METODE PICTURE AND PICTURE DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS II PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Razumarda Sela , Sari Imelda , Maharani Siti Dewi
Published: December 2023

The research was carried out with the aim of improving student learning outcomes in Indonesian language subjects. This research includes Classroom Action Research (PTK) which was carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely design, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects in this research were 22 class IIA students at SDN 238 Palembang. Research data was obtained using teacher and student observation sheets and student test results, then this data was analyzed using a percentage formula. The research results obtained were (1) teacher activity in cycle I using the Picture and Picture method from 80.35% to 92.8% in cycle II, (2) student activity in cycle I using the Picture and Picture 78 method, 57% to 91% in cycle II and (3) the results of learning Indonesian in cycle I using the Picture and Picture method were 63% to 95.45% in cycle II. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that by implementing the Picture and Picture model, students' learning outcomes can be more active and teachers' abilities can improve and become better.
APPLYING LISTEN, READ, DISCUSS (LRD) STRATEGY TO PORTRAY STUDENT’S READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Wahyuni Resty , Siregar Alfitriani , Faradila Adelia
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to know the portrayal of student's in mastering reading comprehension after taught by LRD strategy. To improve students ' reading skills, researchers used the Listen Reading Discuss (LRD) method as a teaching method to assist students in improving their reading skills. The type of Applied Research is class action research consisting of two cycles, each cycle consists of planning, action, observation and reflection. Based on the results of this study, there is an increase in reading ability. This can be seen from the average pre-test score of 56.28, post-test cycle I of 69.17, and post-test cycle II of 89.05. by increasing the percentage of mastery of classical learning by 20% in the pre-test, 60% in the first cycle and 97.14% in the second cycle. Learning English with the Listen Reading Discuss (LRD) method has succeeded in improving student skill achievement in Class X of SMA Brigjen Katamso II for the 2022/2023 academic year. Finally, the researcher suggested to the teachers to use the LRD method as a method of teaching and learning process in terms of reading skills.
PERAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Setiawati Nanda Ayu , Pangaribuan Yetti Rosmawati , Limbong Winny Sunfrsika , Sutarna Trinanda
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out how the role of parents on the learning motivation of fifth grade students at SDN 060960 Belawan. This type of research is a qualitative approach with data analysis techniques according to Miles and Huberman. The activities in this data analysis are data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing/verification. The subjects and objects of this data are parents and students of class V SDN 060960 Belawan totaling 26 people consisting of mothers, fathers and students who will be studied using observation, interviews and documentation. Based on the results of research that has been done through interviews, observations and documentation that the role of parents on student learning motivation is giving attention, giving rewards and appreciation in the form of praise and providing learning facilities. It was found that the role of parents on students' learning motivation was not sufficient to carry out its role on student learning motivation, such as: Not paying attention to children, Not providing books and learning facilities for children. It can be concluded that the role of parents on the learning motivation of fifth grade students at SDN 060960 Belawan is not all done well, because there are some parents who are still unable to carry out their role in motivating children's learning, this is evidenced by the results of interviews between researchers and parents of students.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN METODE ROLE PLAYING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PKN PADA MATERI MENGHARGAI KEPUTUSAN BERSAMA DI KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Dabukke Barita Esman , Silalahi Taruli Marito , Hutagaol Robinson , Irhamna Nurul Fitria
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Role Playing method on civics learning outcomes in respect decisions of fifth grade students at SDN 101738 Diski, Sunggal District. This study is quantitative experiment. The population of this study were all fifth grade students at SDN 101738 Diski. The data collection techniques used were tests and observations. The data were analyzed using t-test (One Sample t-test Method). In the implementation of using Role Playing method, students collaborate to play their respective roles. After that, each group will present their conclusions. Student learning outcomes after using Role Playing method obtained an average value of 77.97. Based on the results of the t-test where t-count > t-table = 5.57 > 1.6 with a significant level of 0.05 which states that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. So it can be concluded that the use of Role Playing method affect the learning outcomes of civics in respect decisions of fourth grade students at SDN 101738 Diski, Sunggal District.
ANALISIS VALIDITAS ISI PADA INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN AKHIR SEMESTER MATA PELAJARAN IPAS DI SD
Authors: Syafitri Anis , Anggraini Dini Puji , Parinduri Wina Mariana , Rambe Titin Rahmayanti , Rambe Nurhamimah
Published: December 2023

This research aims to analyze the content validity of instruments used at schools. In this research, content validity is measured from three aspects, namely material, construct, and language/culture/ethics aspects. The method used in this research uses quantitative descriptive methods. Content validity was assessed by 8 validators by filling a questionnaire. The results obtained from the validator are then analyzed by calculating the Aiken's V index. The Aiken's V value is used to ensure that the instrument used meets the content validity criteria and is categorized as suitable for use as a measuring tool. Based on analysis using Aiken's V, the averages obtained for the material, construct, and language/culture/ethics aspects were respectively in the very high, very high, and high categories. And overall the content validity of the instruments used in schools has met good content validity standards in the very high category. However, determining the criteria for a good assessment instrument is not only content validity, but also construct validity, empirical or item validity, and reliability. So, to further ensure that the quality of the end-of-semester assessment instruments used in schools is categorized as fully adequate, further research can be carried out by future researchers.
PENERAPAN METODE DISKUSI KELOMPOK PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KELAS 4 SDN GADANG 3 KOTA MALANG
Authors: Salsabilah Ana Nur , Suwandayani Beti Istanti , Mar'atin Nuro Falistya Roisatul , Ulum Bahrul
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out how the learning strategies and media were used to teach grade 4 mathematics at Gadang 3 Elementary School, Malang City. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research type. Data collection techniques in this study were by means of interviews, observation, and documentation. The subjects of this study were grade 4 teachers. The data analysis techniques used were data collection, data reduction, data display, and veryfying. The results of this study indicate that the existence of learning strategies in the form of study groups and joint discussions can improve student learning outcomes due to the heterogeneity of each group which encourages participants to learn competitively but still fun. Students are asked to help each other between friends so that other students do not feel left behind by the others. In addition to learning strategies, the learning media used are also the result of student designs, this makes students able to easily use these learning media. Learning media is also made of materials that are easily found around. Prior to implementing the study group strategy, grade 4 teachers had implemented several strategies. However, the class teacher considers this strategy to be the most effective in learning, especially in mathematics.
Topographic mapping of oxygen extraction and cerebral venous blood volume fraction in Brain tumors using quantitative BOLD: A case report
Authors: Raj T. Arun , K. Karthik , Paul Joseph Suresh
Published: December 2023

Background: While oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) reflects the underlying variations in cerebral brain oxygen metabolism, tissue voxels having elevated volume fraction of blood vessel network with deoxygenated blood, will apparently contribute to higher cerebral venous blood volume fraction (CVBVF). This Case report examines the difference in intra and peri-tumoral topographical patterns of OEF and CVBVF in cases of a meningioma tumor (Case-I) and a low- grade glioma (Case-II). Methods: Using a “static dephasing regime” BOLD model, we use the BOLD signal model containing parameters representing OEF and CVBVF. For each voxel in the region of interest, the parameters are solved by non-linearly fitting the signal model using paired differences between logarithms of the measured echo signal after inhomogeneity correction. Results: OEF and CVBVF maps in Case-I reveals an interesting phenomenon in the peritumoral parenchyma showing reduced OEF and increased CVBVF levels. The uniformly low CVBVF and elevated OEF in Case-II indicates that even with less density of vasculature, the region extracts higher amount of oxygen. Conclusion: While topographic mapping using qBOLD revealed elevated levels of intra-tumoral OEF for both cases, the pattern of CVBVF variation was uniformly low in Case-II.
MycoPhylo experiment: Towards understanding how mycorrhiza types and phylogenetic relationships affect soil biodiversity and func-tioning
Authors: Tedersoo Leho , Loit Kaire , Agan Ahto , Rahimlou Saleh , Vask Annaliisa , Ariyan Manikandan , Drenkhan Rein
Published: December 2023

Natural forests and abandoned agricultural lands are increasingly replaced by monospecific forest plantations that have poor capacity to support biodiversity and ecosystem services. Natural forests harbour plants belonging to different mycorrhiza types that differ in their microbiome and carbon and nutrient cycling properties. Here we describe the MycoPhylo field experiment that encompasses 116 woody plant species from three mycorrhiza types and 237 plots, with plant diversity and mycorrhiza type diversity ranging from one to four and one to three per plot, respectively. The MycoPhylo experiment enables us to test hypotheses about the plant species, species diversity, mycorrhiza type, and mycorrhiza type diversity effects and their phylogenetic context on soil microbial diversity and functioning and soil processes. Alongside with other experiments in the TreeDivNet consortium, MycoPhylo will contribute to our understanding of the tree diversity effects on soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across biomes, especially from the mycorrhiza type and phylogenetic conservatism perspectives.
Proxy War: Its Philosophy and Ethics
Authors: Boda Mihály
Published: December 2023

Since the Second World War, proxy war has become one of the most widespread forms of war. One recent example, the war of Ukraine and its supporters against Russia, is being fought close to Europe. Although the theoretical features of proxy war in general have been researched in recent decades, the character of proxy war has changed since that time, which makes it necessary to study these features again. This article examines the concept of proxy war, and the ethical and particularly the justice-related implications of that concept, with the help of military philosophical and military ethical enquiry, and finds that the new style proxy relationship contains the satisfaction of the interests of the supporter and the supported at the same time, which, however, can hamper the consolidation of the conflict and reaching a lasting peace.
Data Power in Military Education: Awareness and Understanding of Learning Analytics
Authors: Ščavničar Darko
Published: December 2023

The rapid development, use and availability of technology is creating new opportunities in all areas of human life. The amount of data generated is enormous, followed by advances in the collection, processing and analysis of big data for a variety of purposes, such as various industries, science, healthcare and even education. Data science in education aims to better understand and improve learning processes through data–driven insights. Learning analytics studies how to use data mining, machine learning, natural language processing, visualisation and human– computer interaction approaches to help learners, educators and institutional leaders improve learning processes and teaching practices.