bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Effects of Microbial Biostimulants and Calcium in Alleviating Drought Stress in Oilseed Rape
Authors: Gavelienė Virgilija , Mockevičiūtė Rima , Jankovska-Bortkevič Elžbieta , Šveikauskas Vaidevutis , Zareyan Mariam , Žalnierius Tautvydas , Jankauskienė Jurga , Jurkoniene Sigita
Published: February 2025

The main objective of this study was to investigate the changes in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) under simulated prolonged drought and to assess the effects of a microbial biostimu-lant ProbioHumus and calcium, individually and in combination, in order to improve the plant's drought resistance and to identify the biochemical processes occurring in the plant tis-sues. The oilseed rape cv. 'Visby' was grown under controlled laboratory conditions. CaCO3 (hereafter Ca) (3.71 g) was added to the soil of one pot at 70 g m-2. After 21 days of cultivation, 3-4 leaf stage seedlings were sprayed with ProbioHumus 2 ml 100 ml-1 and exposed to drought for 8 days to achieve a high water deficit. Irrigation was then resumed and recovery was assessed af-ter 4 days. The results showed that the microbial biostimulant alleviated the physiological and biochemical response of oilseed rape to drought stress. ProbioHumus + Ca reduced plant wilting by increasing leaf relative water content (RWC) by 87% and induced drought tolerance by in-creasing endogenous proline content by 4-fold, photosynthetic pigment content in leaves by 10-28%, reducing H2O2 by 53% and malondialdehyde (MDA) by 45%, and by stimulating stomata opening (by 2-fold on the upper and 1.4-fold in the lower leaf surface), vs drought control. The most effective measure to increase plant survival and/or resume growth after drought was the application of a microbial biostimulant with additional calcium to the soil.
Transverse Wave Equation from Weber’s Electrodynamics
Authors: Li Qingsong
Published: February 2025

It has been a common view that electromagnetic wave equation in vacuum cannot be obtained with Weber’s electrodynamics. With a polarizable vacuum postulate, an electric wave equation was recently derived from Weber’s electrodynamics. However, this wave equation only applies to longitudinal wave propagation. It does not work for transverse wave since it requires non-zero divergence of electric field. In this paper, we try to derive a wave equation for transverse wave propagation using the curl component of electric field with zero divergence.
Emerging Roles for Transcription Factors During Mitosis
Authors: Flashner Samuel , Azizkhan-Clifford Jane
Published: February 2025

The genome is dynamically reorganized, partitioned, and divided during mitosis. Despite their role in organizing interphase chromatin, transcription factors were largely believed to be mitotic spectators - evicted from chromatin during mitosis, only able to reestablish their position on DNA upon entry into G1. However, a panoply of evidence now contradicts this early belief. Numerous transcription factors are now known to remain active during mitosis to achieve diverse purposes, including chromosome condensation, regulation of the centromere/kinetochore function, and control of centrosome homeostasis. Inactivation of transcription factors during mitosis results in chromosome segregation errors, key features of cancer. Moreover, active transcription and the production of centromere-derived transcripts during mitosis are also known to play key roles in maintaining chromosomal stability. Finally, many transcription factors are associated with chromosomal instability through poorly defined mechanisms. Herein, we will review the emerging roles for transcription factors and transcription during mitosis with a focus on their role in promoting the faithful segregation of sister chromatids.
Branched-Chain Amino Acids Supplementation Mitigates Mitochondrial Damage Caused by High Glucose or High Fat Loads in Hepatocytes of Lateolabrax maculatus
Authors: Ren Huijuan , Ke Yixiong , Li Xueshan , Wang Lin , Song Kai , Francisco A Guardiola , Zhang Chunxiao , Lu Kangle , Rahimnejad Samad
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the metabolic effects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) on the hepatocytes of Lateolabrax maculatus under high glucose or high fat conditions. Hepatocytes were cultured under five different conditions: control, high glucose, high fat, high glucose + BCAAs, and high fat + BCAAs. After 72 hours of culture, cells and cell supernatants were collected to measure relevant indicators. The results showed that BCAAs supplementation significantly reduced glycogen and lipid accumulation in hepatocytes exposed to high glucose or high fat conditions (P
Improving the Sustainability of Reinforced Concrete Structures Through the Adoption of Eco-Friendly Flooring Systems
Authors: Paknahad Chia , Tohidi Mosleh , Bahadori-Jahromi Ali
Published: February 2025

Following World War II, the swift economic growth in construction and the soaring demand in urban regions led to the excessive extraction of natural resources like fossil fuels, minerals, forests, and land. To tackle significant global challenges, including the consumption of natural resources, air pollution, and climate change, radical changes have been suggested over the past decades. As part of this strategic initiative, prioritizing sustainability in construction has emerged as a crucial focus in the design of all projects. In order to identify the most environmentally sustainable reinforced concrete (RC) slab system, this research investigates the carbon emissions associated with various slab systems, including solid, voided slabs and precast floor systems. The results demonstrate that beam and slab floor and solid slabs have the highest embodied carbon due to the significant use of concrete and related materials, whereas voided slabs and two-way joist floors exhibit lower carbon emissions. The results indicate that the two-way joist system is the most environmentally advantageous option. For precast floor systems, post-tensioned concrete and hollow-core slabs demonstrate the lowest embodied carbon levels. This research provides practical recommendations for architects and engineers aimed at enhancing sustainable design methodologies. It emphasizes the importance of incorporating low-carbon materials as well as pioneering flooring technologies in upcoming construction initiatives to support the achievement of global sustainability objectives.
Performance of Concrete Containing Water-Hyacinth Ash (WHA) as Cement Replacement: Resistance to Elevated Temperature and Seawater Exposures
Authors: Omran Ahmed , Soliman Nancy
Published: February 2025

The current research aims at determining the resistance of concrete mixtures containing the ashes resulting from the water-hyacinth plants [1] as a cement replacement to elevated temperature and to seawater. Two types of water-hyacinth ashes (WHA); burnt in open air and burnt in a closed oven at 600°C for 30 minutes were used as partial replacement materials of ordinary portland cement in concrete mixtures with percentages of up to 15% (by weight of cement). The concrete mixtures were designed with three coarse aggregates types; gravel, dolomite, and basalt. To study the resistance to high temperatures, the specimens were exposed to different elevated temperatures of 200, 400, and 600°C and compared to 25°C as a reference. To investigate the resistance to seawater, three curing regimes were followed; curing in laboratory atmosphere (25°C and 50% relative humidity), immersing in seawater during the entire curing period of one month, and subjecting to drying-wet cycles composed of one-day at laboratory atmosphere and one-day in seawater for a total period of one month before testing. The concrete mixes containing WHA were compared with plain concretes and others proportioned with 10% silica fume. The results revealed significant effect of WHA percentages, coarse aggregates types, and curing methods on the concrete strength. With up to 10% cement replacement with WHA, there was no reduction in strength relative to the reference. The optimal replacement value was around 5%.
Synergistic Enhancement of Chemiresistive NO₂ Gas Sensors Using Nitrogen-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide (N-rGO) Decorated with Nickel Oxide (NiO) Nanoparticles: Achieving sub-ppb Detection Limit
Authors: Walleni Chiheb , Ali Mounir Ben , Ncib Mohamed Faouzi , Llobet Eduard
Published: February 2025

Detecting low nitrogen dioxide concentrations (NO₂) is crucial for environmental monitoring and health protection. In this paper, we report the synergistic effect of decorating nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) with nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles for developing highly selective and sensitive chemiresistive NO₂ gas sensors. The N-rGO/NiO sensor was synthesized straightforwardly, ensuring uniform decoration of NiO nanoparticles on the N-rGO surface. Comprehensive characterization using SEM, TEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the successful integration of NiO nanoparticles with N-rGO and revealed key structural and morphological features contributing to its enhanced sensing performance. As a result. Compared to the N-rGO, the NiO/N-rGO nanohybrids exhibit a boosted response of 5 orders of magnitude towards low concentrations of NO2 (< 1 ppm) at 100 °C. Moreover, the present device has an outstanding performance, high sensitivity, and low limit of detection (< 1 ppb). The findings pave the way for integrating these sensors into advanced applications, including environmental monitoring and IoT-enabled air quality management systems.
Requirements for the Development of an App for a Psychosocial Rehabilitation Project: An Integrative Review
Authors: Alfredo Ardisson Cirino Campos Fagner , Feitosa Fabio Biasotto , Moll Marciana Fernandes , Reis Igor de Oliveira , Sánchez-García José Carlos , Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena
Published: February 2025

The Psychosocial Rehabilitation Project (PRP) app is a tool designed to structure and organize mental health care, guided by the theoretical and practical principles of Psychosocial Rehabilitation (PR). This article aims to identify the functions, technological resources, and recommendations necessary for the development of a “psychosocial rehabilitation project app”. To achieve this, an integrative review was conducted with the research question: What recommendations, functions, and technological resources should be included in the prototyping and development of a “psychosocial rehabilitation project app” in mental health? In the search process, 834 articles were identified and exported to the online systematic review application Rayyan, resulting in 36 eligible articles for this study, along with one app. The reading of this material allowed the elicitation of three themes: Security and Privacy Policy; Design; and Software and Programming. To build a psychosocial rehabilitation project app, it is necessary to take the following precautions: guarantee the security and protection of data and choose technological resources that facilitate the management, construction, monitoring, and evaluation of psychosocial rehabilitation projects by mental health professionals.
The Impact of ESG Certifications on Class A Office Buildings in Madrid: A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
Authors: Valero Alfonso
Published: February 2025

This study examines the relationship between ESG certifications and performance indicators of Class A office buildings in Madrid's Central Business District. Using a Multi-Criteria Decision Methodology, we evaluate 21 properties with varying degrees of renovation and CAPEX investment. The research reveals that ESG-certified buildings command higher valuations, experience reduced brown discounts, and benefit from improved speed to market compared to non-certified properties. Furthermore, these buildings achieve higher asking rents and enjoy easier access to financing. The results underscore the significant role of ESG certifications in enhancing real estate performance and investment attractiveness in the Spanish office market, providing valuable insights for investors, developers, and policymakers navigating the intersection of sustainability and commercial real estate.
Real-Time Estimation of Near Surface Air Temperature over Greece Using Machine Learning Methods and LSA SAF Satellite Products
Authors: Karagiannidis Athanasios , Kyros George , Lagouvardos Konstantinos , Kotroni Vassiliki
Published: February 2025

The air temperature near the earth’s surface is one of the most important meteorological and climatological parameters. Yet, accurate and timely readings are not available in significant parts of the world. The development and the first validation of a methodology for the estimation of Near Surface Air Temperature (NSAT) is presented here. Machine learning and satellite products are in the core of the developed model. Land Surface Analysis Satellite Application Facility (LSA SAF) products related to earth's surface radiation, temperature and humidity budgets, albedo and land cover along with static topography parameters and weather stations measurements are used in the analysis. A series of experiments showed that the Random Forest regression with 20 se-lected satellite and topography predictors was the optimum selection for the estimation of NSAT. The Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of the NSAT estimation model is 0.96 °C while the Mean Biased Error (MBE) is -0.01 °C and the R2 is 0.976. Limited seasonality is present in the efficiency of the model, while an increase of errors was noted during the first morning and afternoon hours. The topography influence in the model efficiency is rather limited. Cloud-free conditions are associ-ated to only marginally smaller errors, supporting the applicability of the model under both cloud-free and cloudy conditions.
Double Trouble on the Lower Leg—Unique Human Coinfection with Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis without Liver Involvement
Authors: Beck David , Balen Topić Mirjana , Višković Klaudija , Papić Neven , Žic Rado , Sviben Mario , Meštrović Tomislav , Baković Kovačević Adrijana , Beck Relja
Published: February 2025

The tapeworms Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis cause two different clinical manifestations in humans: cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE), respectively. Both forms of echinococcosis manifest primarily in the liver, while other organs or tissues are less frequently affected. Simultaneous occurrence of CE and AE is extremely rare and all previously reported patients had affected liver, while simultaneous infection without liver involvement has not yet been described. Hereby, we present an exclusively extrahepatal E. granulosus and E. multilocularis coinfection localized between the calf muscles of a patient. Due to progressive painful local swelling, an abscess was suspected, but there was no improvement on multiple antibiotic courses. When imaging diagnostics suggested a parasitic origin of the two identified cystic lesions, positive serology on both species indicated a dual infection. Albendazole therapy was started, and extensive surgical excision was performed. Both species were confirmed using PCR and sequencing from intraoperative samples. The current case shows that coinfection without liver involvement can occur even in patients from the low-incidence regions, which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with unusual clinical presentation.
Personalized Medicine and Nanotechnology: Transforming Modern Therapeutics
Authors: Sengar Ashutosh
Published: February 2025

The new trend in the shape of nanotechnology is, however, very lately revolutionizing modern drug delivery to the target sites by very sophisticated nanocarriers. Nano scale vehicles confer solubility and, accordingly, the possible level of bioavailability may relate to the promised assurance of the targeted therapy. Nanocarrier-based present delivery mechanisms form some of it in the mode of liposomes, nanoparticles, proniosomes, etc. Among them, PEGylation and receptormediated targeting by liposome technology improve its efficiency and circulation time in the blood. Liposomal inhalation therapy, chewable tablets, and mouth-dissolving films will further increase the patient-friendly route of administration. Proniosomes are stable and scalable alternatives to liposomes with enhanced drug retention. Hybrid nanocarrier systems-once combining vesicular and non-vesicular approaches-further refine controlled release and multifunctional therapeutic strategies. Liposomal antibiotics provide answers to the problems of antibiotic resistance; nanocarrier-based herbal drug formulations would improve bioavailability. Clinical translation, however remains a tough challenge ahead to progress in these areas for improvement in biocompatibility, scalability, and regulatory compliance, so the above trends would focus the future more on AI-driven nanomedicine, stimuli-responsive carriers, gene-editing nanotechnology, even biomimetic drug transport systems for precision targeted and patient-specific therapeutics. This review should describe the present landscape of development and challenges within the convergence of nanotechnology with personalized medicine for transformative applications.
Reverse Geomancy: The Spatial Patterns Between Jimei Ancestral Halls and Their Surrounding Environment
Authors: Yin Congjian , Shan Jun
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the spatial relationship patterns centered around ancestral halls in villages in Jimei, China. Using a "reverse geomancy " approach, the study records the polar coordinates and orientations of 45 ancestral halls and their surrounding key elements such as feng-shui ponds, groves, drama stages, etc. to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of critical elements within the villages. The findings reveal verifiable spatial patterns in Jimei villages, some patterns such as the orientation of ancestral halls and the placement of feng-shui ponds, are related to traditional geomancy principles, while others are influenced by social needs and the built environment. Through statistical analysis across time, the study uncovers the historical logic of village construction and the ways feng shui principles have been integrated in Jimei. It emphasizes the importance of preserving the overall spatial patterns of villages, offers protection recommendations for elements like ponds and groves, and highlights the broad applicability of the research method to other settlement studies.
Comparing the Impact of Traditional and Digital Teaching-Learning Materials on Class 6 Student Learning Outcomes: A Case Study from Little Andaman, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Authors: Mondal Prodeep Kumar
Published: February 2025

This case study investigates the comparative effectiveness of traditional and digital teaching-learning materials (TLM) on the academic performance of class 6 students of Ramakrishna Pur, Little Andaman. A total of 10 students were selected using the convenience sampling method and divided into two groups (A and B) 5 students taught using traditional TLM, and 5 students taught using digital TLM over two months. A pre-test was administered to assess the baseline knowledge, followed by a two-month instruction. After the teaching period, a post-test was conducted to examine and measure the learning outcomes. The findings indicate significant differences in learning outcomes between the two groups, highlighting the role of digital TLM in enhancing the student’s engagement and comprehension. The results are analyzed to determine the impact of the teaching medium on students' learning outcomes, with implications for future educational strategies in resource-limited and remote areas.
Low-Rank Adaptation for Scalable Fine-Tuning of Pre-Trained Language Models
Authors: Dong Haoyu , Shun Jianhong
Published: February 2025

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a computationally efficient approach for fine-tuning large pre-trained language models, designed to reduce memory and computational overhead by introducing low-rank matrices into the model’s weight updates. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of LoRA, including its theoretical foundations, applications, and the advantages it offers over traditional fine-tuning methods. We explore how LoRA enables efficient task adaptation in scenarios such as domain adaptation, few-shot learning, transfer learning, and zero-shot learning. Additionally, we examine its challenges, such as rank selection, generalization to complex tasks, and risks of overfitting, while identifying key areas for future research, including adaptive rank selection, integration with other fine-tuning techniques, and multi-modal and cross-domain adaptation. LoRA's potential to make large-scale models more adaptable and efficient is significant for advancing natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning applications, especially when computational resources are limited. This survey aims to highlight the current state of LoRA, its practical applications, and the ongoing research opportunities to further enhance its capabilities.
Luminescent P2O5-MoO3-Bi2O3-K2O Glasses and Glass Ceramics on their Basis: Insights from Experimental and Computational Studies
Authors: Hizhnyi Yurii , Borysiuk Viktor , Chornii Vitalii , Suchocki Andrzej , Terebilenko Kateryna , Zhydachevskyy Yaroslav , Nedilko Serhii G
Published: February 2025

This paper presents results of complimentary experimental (by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance, photoluminescence (PL) and FTIR spectroscopy) and computational (by molecular dynamics and DFT-based electronic structure methods) studies of oxide glasses of xP2O5-yMoO3-zBi2O3-(1-x-y-z)K2O system and glass ceramics based on them (crystal @glass), where the KBi(MoO4)2 complex oxide is the crystal component (KBi(MoO4)2 @glass). The behavior of the observed PL characteristics is analyzed in synergy with results of calculations of their atomic structures and changes in the oxygen environment of bismuth atoms during the transition crystal interphase glass. It has been shown that the optical absorption and PL characteristics of such systems are largely determined by content of Bi2O3 and MoO3 oxides in the initial charge, and by content bismuth ions in different charge states which exist in the produced glass and glass ceramics. It was found that the blue PL (spectral range 375 – 550 nm) of both glasses and glass ceramics originates from radiative transitions 3P1 1S0 in bismuth ions Bi3+. The yellow-red PL (range 550 – 850 nm) should be mainly associated with the luminescence of bismuth ions in lower charge states, Bi2+, Bi+ and Bi0. The thickness of the interphase layers of glass ceramics is estimated to be 1.5-2.0 nm. It has been shown that the changes in the spectra of optical absorption and PL / PL excitation of the glass ceramics occur due to the decrease in the number of oxygen atoms in the nearest surrounding of bismuth ions in the interphase region and these changes can be used for spectral probing of the formation and presence of interphase layers.
A Generalized Geometric Theory of Centroid Discriminant Analysis for Linear Classification of Multi-Dimensional Data
Authors: Wu Yue , Zhao Jialin , Cannistraci Carlo Vittorio
Published: February 2025

Linear classifiers are preferred for some tasks because they overfit less and provide interpretable decision boundaries. Yet, achieving both scalability and predictive performance remains challenging. Here, we propose a theoretical framework named geometric discriminant analysis (GDA). GDA includes the family of linear classifiers that can be expressed as function of a centroid discriminant basis (CDB0) - the connection line between two centroids - adjusted by geometric corrections under different constraints. We demonstrate that linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is a subcase of the GDA theory, and we show its convergence to CDB0 under certain conditions. Then, based on the GDA framework, we propose an efficient linear classifier named centroid discriminant analysis (CDA) which is defined as a special case of GDA under a two-dimensional (2D) plane geometric constraint. CDA training is initialized starting from CDB0 and involves the iterative calculation of new adjusted centroid discriminant lines whose optimal rotations on the associated 2D planes are searched via Bayesian optimization. CDA has good scalability (quadratic time complexity) which is lower than LDA and support vectors machine (SVM) (cubic complexity). Results on 27 real datasets across classification tasks of standard images, medical images and chemical properties, offer empirical evidence that CDA outperforms other linear methods such as LDA, SVM and fast SVM in terms of scalability, performance and stability. CDA competes with the state-of-the-art method ResNet for tasks such as medical imaging adrenal gland disease classification, exhibiting less tendency to overfit data. GDA theory may inspire new linear classifiers under the definition of different geometric constraints.
Health Outcomes and Resource Consumption Analysis of Radioembolization with Y90 Glass Microspheres (Tare-Y90) Versus Transarterial Chemoembolization with Irinotecan (Debiri) in Patients with Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer in Spain
Authors: Ciampi-Dopazo Juan Jose , Ruiz Villaverde Gonzalo , Espejo Juan José , García Marcos Raúl , Pérez Enguix Daniel , Pisoni Serena , Martínez-Rodrigo José J , Navarro Vergara Pablo , Pardo Moreno Pedro , Rodríguez-Fernández Antonio
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate superiority of TARE-Y90 in the treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer in comparison to DEBIRI and perform a parallel resource consumption study to demonstrate a possible favorable cost-effectiveness balance.

Material and Methods:
The number of included subjects in the study was 46 for TARE-Y90 and 56 in the DEBIRI group. Variables of interest in the study were collected for all selected subjects.
Time-to-endpoint outcomes (overall survival, time to progression and time to extra-hepatic progression) was calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and reported as a median with 95% confidence interval and compared between groups by log-rank testing. Survival analyses were performed using R package “survival” 3.5-7. Values for median time-to-event and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using bootstrapping.

Results:
The categorization into overall response (OR) and no overall response (NOR) revealed a higher percentage of overall responses in the DEBIRI group (52%) compared to TARE-Y90 (24%). The numerical differences observed in certain response categories did not reach statistical significance, indicating a comparable overall response to treatment between the two cohorts based on the m-RECIST criteria.
Median overall survival for the TARE-Y90 cohort is 11.3 (95% CI 10.9 – 18.6) months, and 15.8 (95% CI 14.8 – 22.7) months for the DEBIRI cohort. Log-rank testing shows no statistically significant differences (p = 0.53).
Median time to hepatic disease progression for the TARE-Y90 cohort is 3.5 (95% CI 3.4 – 8.1) months, and 3.8 (95% CI 3.7 – 11.1) months for the DEBIRI cohort. Log-rank testing shows no statistically significant differences (p = 0.82).
An important result of the resource utilization analysis is that TARE-Y90 patients have 1.33 treatments on average by patient, while DEBIRI patients have 3.16 treatments per patient.DEBIRI patients require more than 2 days in the intensive care unit on average, while it is not necessary for TARE-Y90. TARE-Y90 patients also need less days of hospitalization than those of DEBIRI. The consequence is that the overall use of resources is higher for DEBIRI in comparison to TARE-Y90.

Conclusion: TARE-Y90 and DEBIRI treatments for CRC liver metastases contributes valuable insights into their comparative effectiveness, revealing no significant, differences in radiological responses and overall survival. TARE-Y90 showed higher resource utilization, its potential advantages in patient comfort and average resource consumption per patient warrant consideration.
Toxicity and Sublethal Effects of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Insecticide on Parent and Filial Generations of Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Authors: Li Wenbo , Naeem Muhammad , Cui Juan , Du Guochuan , Chen Huanhuan
Published: February 2025

Lambda-cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that is widely used to control leaf-eating pests. Because of increased insecticide resistance, an under-standing of sublethal cross-generational effects of insecticides is important. We exam-ine the effects of sublethal concentrations (LC) (LC10, LC20, and LC40) of lamb-da-cyhalothrin on growth, reproduction, and detoxification enzyme activities of F0 and F1 generation Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata. Lambda-cyhalothrin is toxic to adult H. vigintioctomaculata, with an LC40 at 48 h of 0.355 mg L−1. At sublethal concentrations, lambda-cyhalothrin significantly reduces the longevity and average fecundity of F0 and F1 adults, and durations of egg, larval, and pupal stages and adult preoviposition period. Additionally, increased lambda-cyhalothrin concentration significantly de-creases net reproductive rates, and both finite and intrinsic rates of increase of the F1 generation, and significantly increases average generation cycle. Detoxification en-zyme activity of F1 adults treated with sublethal concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin for 48 h trends upwards. Results indicate that low concentrations of lamb-da-cyhalothrin induce glutathione S-transferase and carboxylesterase activities and inhibit multifunctional oxidase activity. We demonstrate the ability of lamb-da-cyhalothrin to control H. vigintioctomaculata, provide a theoretical basis for the ef-fective control of this pest, and identify an appropriate concentration to do so.
The Face, the Body, and Virtual Showcases: The Tyranny of Social Media over Personal Image
Authors: Mata de Vasconcelos Henrique
Published: February 2025

This article aims to examine how social media has changed the way human beings perceive themselves, exerting a tyrannical influence over personal image, leading people to aesthetic procedures and surgeries. It happens through the imitative dimension of human beings. Social media has created idealized world(s) where people see images of faces, bodies, and lives they perceive as perfect, leading them to question such aspects about themselves in comparison to the presented ideal. These idealized world(s) foster a contemporary Gnosticism, where people start seeing their own faces and bodies as flawed or inferior compared to these idealized images. This gives rise to a tyranny of social media over personal image, reshaping how individuals view themselves and pressuring them to conform to these idealized world(s). Theology has a mission to help people appreciate the beauty and goodness of real bodies and guiding them toward the fruition of being bodily beings.
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of GASA Genes in Hevea brasiliensis Reveals their Involvement in Response to Cold Stress
Authors: Cong Yuying , Hu Yanshi , Deng Zhi , Wu Wenguan , Wu Tingkai , Zhao Yanhong , An Zewei
Published: February 2025

The Gibberellic Acid-Stimulated in Arabidopsis (GASA) gene family, a plant-specific transcription factor family, is regulated by gibberellins and plays a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development. To further explore the functions of GASA genes in Hevea brasiliensis, based on the rubber tree genome data, 18 HbGASA genes were identified and named HbGASA1 to HbGASA18. Bioinformatics approaches were utilized to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the gene structure, chromosome distribution, protein structure, phylogenetic evolution, and expression profiles of these genes. Subsequently, the expression of selected genes was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) under low-temperature stress. The results demonstrated that the 18 HbGASA genes were distributed across 10 chromosomes. The encoded proteins ranged from 88 to 253 amino acids in length, and the number of exons varied from 2 to 4. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that the HbGASA genes could be classified into three groups. The 18 members of the HbGASA gene family contained 10 motifs, among which Motif1 and Motif2 were relatively conserved in this gene family. Promoter analysis of HbGASA genes revealed the presence of multiple cis-acting elements related to hormone and stress responses. Transcripts of the 18 HbGASA genes were detected in various tissues, and significant differences were observed in their expression levels. In addition, qRT-PCR results showed that multiple HbGASA genes were significantly up-regulated under low-temperature stress. This study provides valuable insights into the structure, evolution, and function of GASA genes in the important tropical crop, Hevea brasiliensis.
Supervised Machine Learning Insights into Social and Linguistic Influences on Cesarean Rates in Luxembourg
Authors: Adhav Prasad , Farías Maria Bélen
Published: February 2025

Cesarean sections (CS) are essential in certain medical contexts but, when overused, can carry risks for both mother and child. In the unique multilingual landscape of Luxembourg, this study explores whether non-medical factors—such as the language spoken—affect CS rates. Through a survey conducted with women in Luxembourg, we first applied statistical methods to investigate the influence of various social and linguistic parameters on CS. Additionally, we explored how these factors relate to the feelings of happiness and respect women experience during childbirth. Subsequently, we employed four machine learning models to predict CS based on the survey data. Our findings reveal that women who speak Spanish have a statistically higher likelihood of undergoing a CS than women that do not report speaking that language. Furthermore, those who had CS report feeling less happy and respected compared to those with vaginal births. With both limited and augmented data, our models achieve an average accuracy of approximately 81\% in predicting CS.
While this study serves as an initial exploration into the social aspects of childbirth, it underscores the need for larger-scale studies to deepen our understanding and to inform policy makers and health practitioners that support women during their pregnancies and births.
This preliminary research advocates for further investigation to address this complex social issue comprehensively.
The Effect of Mediterranean Diet Adherence on the Relationship between Cognitive Performance and Cancer Survivorship
Authors: McLeod Andrew Patrick , Gabel Kelsey , Chakos Kaitlin , Wefel Jeffrey , Tussing-Humphreys Lisa Marie , Oddo Vanessa
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Up to 75% of cancer survivors experience cognitive impairment from cancer or its treatment. No modifiable risk factor has been identified; however, a Mediterranean diet may be protective. We sought to determine if the relationship between Cognitive Performance and Cancer Survivorship depends on Mediterranean Diet adherence. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Mediterranean Diet adherence was defined as the aMed score which gives 1 point for intake above/below the sample-specific median for healthful/unhealthful food groups (range 0-9). Cognition was assessed via: (1) the Digit Symbol Substitution test assessing processing speed, attention, and working memory, (2) the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease (CERAD) assessing learning and short-term memory, and (3) the Animal Fluency test assessing executive function. Linear regression models adjusted for age, race, gender, comorbidities, smoking, total kilocalories, day and time of year of recall. Results: Among 2,450 participants, 385 had cancer. Mean age was 68.9 years (SE=0.2). The most common cancer was breast cancer (24%). The average aMed score was 3.5 (SE=0.1) in survivors versus 3.6 (SE= 0.1) in non-cancer controls. Cancer history was not associated with cognition (p>0.05). Among high aMed scores, cancer history was more negatively associated with animal fluency compared to low aMed scores ( (95% CI): -1.11 (-2.33, 0.12), p=0.08 for aMed*Cancer interaction term). Conclusions: Among high versus low aMed scores, positive cancer history was more negatively associated with cognition. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.
Measuring Horse-Human Emotional Contagion: A Systematic Review of Methods and Outcomes
Authors: Tripon Mirela , Manolachescu Dan , Daradics Zsofia , Crecan Cristian Mihaita
Published: February 2025

The study explores the phenomenon of emotional contagion between horses and humans, an area of growing interest in equine research due to its implications for welfare, training, and therapy. By conducting a systematic review of existing literature, the research identifies and evaluates methodologies used to measure emotional transfer in horse-human interactions. The review includes behavioral assessments such as body language, facial expressions, and vocalizations, alongside physiological indicators like heart rate, heart rate variability, and cortisol levels. Findings indicate that body language is the most frequently utilized behavioral measure, while heart rate and heart rate variability dominate physiological assessments. The review highlights the advantages of combining behavioral and physiological approaches to provide a comprehensive understanding of emotional states in horses. However, inconsistencies in methodological approaches and a lack of standardized evaluation frameworks pose challenges to advancing research in this field. The study concludes that interdisciplinary collaboration and the integration of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and wearable devices, are crucial for enhancing the accuracy and reliability of emotional contagion assessments in equine science. These findings provide valuable insights that can inform evidence-based practices aimed at improving horse welfare and optimizing human-horse interactions.
Graph Signal Fractals: A Generalized Representation for Naturally Occurring Fractality in Signals
Authors: Kumar Vibhor
Published: February 2025

Fractal signals are defined as observation over time points or spatial coordinates with self-similar patterns. However, when a signal is present as quantified observations on nodes of a graph, its fractality needs to be understood comprehensively. Here we describe graph signal fractality which can be used to study the fractal behavior of signals on a network. It is a generalised representation which can also be used for regular multidimensional signals. We explain here different approaches for estimating fractality in graph signals, including a method based on wavelet transform. Graph signal fractality estimation could help in multiple applications like graph segmentation, classification and imputation and understanding the flow of information on a network.
Advances in Digital Technologies in Dental Medicine: Enhancing Precision in Virtual Articulators
Authors: Lobo Sofia , Argolinha Inês , Machado Vanessa , Botelho João , Rua João , Li Junying , Mendes José João
Published: February 2025

Precision in diagnosis is essential for achieving optimal outcomes in prosthodontics, or-thodontics, and orthognathic treatments. Virtual articulators provide a sophisticated digital alternative to conventional methods, integrating intraoral scans, facial scans, and CBCT to enhance treatment predictability. This review examines advancements in virtual articulator technology, including digital workflows, virtual facebow transfer, and occlusal analysis, with a focus on AI-driven methodologies such as machine learning and artificial neural networks. The clinical implications, particularly in condylar guidance and sagittal condylar inclination, are investigated. By streamlining the acquisition and articulation of digital dental models, virtual articulators minimize material handling errors and opti-mize workflow efficiency. Advanced imaging techniques enable precise alignment of digital maxillary models within CAD/CAM systems, facilitating accurate occlusal sim-ulations. However, challenges include potential distortions during digital file integration and the necessity for robust algorithms to enhance data superimposition accuracy. The adoption of virtual articulators represents a transformative advancement in digital den-tistry, with promising implications for diagnostic precision and treatment outcomes. Nevertheless, further clinical validation is essential to ensure the reliable transfer of maxillary casts and refine digital algorithms. Future developments should prioritize the integration of AI to enhance predictive modeling, positioning virtual articulators as a standard tool in routine dental practice, thereby revolutionizing treatment planning and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Factors Influencing Consumer Buying Behavior for Smart Home Technologies
Authors: Lin Capacity Jung-Yi , Chen Chien-Cheng
Published: February 2025

Smart home technologies offer numerous benefits to consumers. This study explored the relationship between the perceived benefits of and likelihood of adopting smart home technologies among Taiwanese consumers. The study conducted a survey in May 2024 and collected data from 424 respondents of various ages, educational backgrounds, and income levels. Data on the perceived benefits of smart home technologies, the perceived challenges of adopting these technologies, current methods for managing household tasks and energy consumption, and the likelihood of adopting smart home technologies were collected. The perceived benefits of smart home technology include enhanced comfort, security, and energy efficiency. Comfort and energy efficiency but not enhanced security were significant predictors of adoption. Proficiency in online research but not general technical proficiency also significantly predicted adoption. Consumers dissatisfied with current home management methods were more likely to adopt smart home technologies. Positive perceptions of benefits and dissatisfaction with current methods drive the adoption of smart home technologies. A merit of this study is its use of empirical evidence. The study offers valuable insights into consumer buying behaviors and contributes to the smart home technology industry by identifying gaps that may prevent users from embracing smart home technologies.
The Energy Depletion Model of Light and Cosmology
Authors: Houz Michael
Published: February 2025

We model the energy depletion of light from a distant object with two components: loss in photon rates (number of photons) and loss per photon particle. We model the rate loss based on intergalactic extinction, which, unlike extinctions within our local group of Milky Way, LMC and SMC, has not been previously accounted for. Ignoring intergalactic extinction results in overestimation of cosmic distances with standard distance moduli. Such extinction effect is more profound on large scales (Gpc) that we have only started to observe today. We then apply the tired light model for energy loss (redshift) per photon. These two model components are mathematically very simple, leading to a new equation between luminosity distance and redshift. The model performed equally well as ΛCDM with Pantheon+ SN data while outperformed it with deep-field galaxy angular size test. The main implications of the intergalactic extinction model are two-fold: it identifies a major bias in distance measurements based on standard candles; it is also a key missing piece for static universe models to offer as viable alternatives to ΛCDM. Thus, the model has further implications on the interpretation of cosmic redshift, Hubble’s law, the Hubble constant, Hubble tension, and universe history.
The Mechanisms and Safety of Corticosteroid Injections in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Light Jonathan J. , John Mitchell P. , Bonner Kevin F. , Styron Joseph F.
Published: February 2025

» Corticosteroid injections (CSIs), including intra-articular, perineural, and those involving tendon sheaths or bursae, offer potential relief from osteoarthritic and inflammatory musculoskeletal pain, including gout attacks, as well as tarsal tunnel syndrome, plantar fasciitis, and interdigital neuromas.

» CSI for musculoskeletal pain is commonly used as a nonoperative management option for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, offering pain relief, typically lasting from days to months.

» CSIs are often performed prior to surgery as part of the nonoperative management of many conditions, with multiple CSIs within the year of surgery increasing postoperative infection risk in some major joints.

» Despite the potential benefits of CSI, there are risks, including a potential increase in the risk of surgical site infection secondary to bacterial contamination and the immunomodulating effect of corticosteroids when given in the perioperative period.

» To date, a multitude of studies across orthopaedic subspecialties has reported on perioperative infection risk associated with CSIs. However, heterogeneity in study design and patient populations has made standardized recommendations challenging. It is, therefore, difficult to elucidate, with a high level of evidence, the most appropriate perioperative timeline for CSI administration for which infection risk is nonsignificant.
EL NÚCLEO ESENCIAL DEL ARTÍCULO 14.1 DEL PIDCP EN EL MARCO DE LAS DECISIONES DEL COMITÉ DE DERECHOS HUMANOS. UN ANÁLISIS DESDE LOS VALORES FUNDAMENTALES DE LA UE.
Authors: Malagón Albán Kevin Santiago , González Serrano Andrés
Published: February 2025

International Human Rights Law in its adjective and substantive aspects is under construction and this research proposal seeks to assist in its study. Therefore, it is intended to identify the nodal points of the United Nations Human Rights Committee when assessing the aspects of form (due and improper substantiation), substance and reparations of the individual complaints mechanism in relation to article 14, paragraph 1, of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
EL T-MEC Y SU MECANISMO LABORAL DE RESPUESTA RÁPIDA CON EMPRESAS
Authors: Cornelio Landero Egla
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to analyze the issue of the Rapid Response Mechanisms for the resolution of labor disputes provided for in Annex 31-A of the Agreement between Mexico, the United States and Canada (USMCA). The Treaty addresses various issues of industrial relations and workers' rights that must be observed by the three countries that signed it to improve working conditions in their respective countries. The rapid response mechanism was agreed to resolve alleged violations of freedom of association, collective bargaining or labor human rights in factories, companies or commercial establishments.
LA MONARQUÍA HISPÁNICA ANTE LOS AVANCES RUSOS EN EL PACIFICO NORTE: IMPLICACIONES COMERCIALES Y CONSECUENCIAS ECONOMICAS
Authors: Bellón de Aguilar Gonzalo , González Martín Jesús María
Published: February 2025

In this article we examine Russia’s advances into the North Pacific lands of America and the reaction of the Hispanic Monarchy to this situation. The first Russian expeditions to the easternmost part of Siberia date back to the 1600s and were always based on commercial objectives, especially in the field of fur trading. However, the first significant attempt to make possible settlements and explore the connection between the continent of Asia and America were the two expeditions made by the danish Bering in the period from 1725 to 1750. During these explorations, the Russians learned of the existence of the connection from East Asia to America, although always by sea and not by land as it was believed. Likewise, the conclusions drawn by the Russians were how hard and complicated these expeditions were due to the climate and the remoteness. The Hispanic Monarchy, given its status as the first world power, and its consequent structure of ambassadors for the most important European Courts, is warned from Moscow by the different ambassadors, of the expeditions that the Russians were making through American lands, lands that obviously, the Spaniards considered as ours. Thus, Spain, through its territories in Mexico, began to send expeditions to make settlements so that the Russians would understand that these were occupied territories.