bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Економічна ефективність технології вирощування шавлії мускатної за краплинного зрошення в умовах Півдня України
Authors: Ушкаренко В.О. , Чабан В.О. , Коковіхін С.В. , Шепель А.В. , Коваленко В.П.
Published: May 2021

Мета. Визначити вплив глибини основного обробітку ґрунту, фону живлення та строків сівби на показники економічної ефективності вирощування шавлії мускат- ної за краплинного зрошення в умовах півдня України. Методи. Польові досліди проведено згідно з методикою дослідної справи впродовж 2011–2018 рр. на дослід- ному полі ПП «Агрофірма-Додола» Бериславського району Херсонської області. Мінеральні добрива вно- силися у вигляді гранульованого суперфосфату та амі- ачної селітри на ділянках вручну за схемою досліду. Агротехніка в досліді була загальновизнаною для умов Південного Степу України за винятком факторів, що були прийняті до вивчення. Результати. За результа- тами узагальнення багаторічних даних встановлено, що найвищі показники вартості валової продукції шавлії мускатної сформовані за використання підвищених доз мінеральних добрив у 2–3 роках використання досліджу- ваної культури. Аналіз виробничих витрат свідчить про їх максимальне підвищення в 1,9–2,3 рази у першій рік використання, що пов’язано з витратами на краплинне зрошення, внесення добрив та збідненням основного обробітку ґрунту. Максимальні показники отримання умовного чистого прибутку – 336 тис грн/га було отри- мано за вирощування культури на фоні внесення N60P90, сівбі в перший строк із міжряддям 45 см та проведенням оранки на глибину 28–30 см. В інші роки використання суттєвої різниці між досліджуваними глибинами основ- ного обробітку ґрунту виявлено не було. Висновки. Визначено, що вирощування шавлії мускатної на чет- вертому році призвело до збитків на всіх неудобрених варіантах. Максимальну рентабельність одержано за оранки на глибину 28–30 см, внесення добрив у дозі N60P90, проведення сівби у перший строк формування міжряддя 45 см з першого по третій рік використання. За цих умов досліджуваний економічний показник під- вищився до 435%. Кореляційно-регресійним аналізом доведено, що максимальний умовний чистий прибуток та мінімальна собівартість 1 кг суцвіть шавлії мускат- ної формуються на другому та третьому роках вико- ристання. Найгірші значення – чистий прибуток нижче 82 тис грн/га та собівартість до 27 грн/кг одержали на четвертому році використання у варіанті без внесення мінеральних добрив.
Вплив різних строків літнього садіння свіжозібраними бульбами на водоспоживання картоплі в умовах зрошення Півдня України
Authors: Вожегова Р.А. , Балашова Г.С. , Бояркіна Л.В. , Сахацький Г.І.
Published: May 2021

Метою проведення досліджень було визначеннясумарного водоспоживання та ефективності викори-стання вологи під час вирощування насіннєвої кар-топлі сортів різних груп стиглості залежно від стро-ків садіння свіжозібраних бульб в літньому садінні.Матеріали і методи. Дослідження проводилися на полях Інституту зрошуваного землеробства НААН натемно-каштановому ґрунті в умовах зрошення про-тягом 2014–2015 рр. Під час проведення двофактор-ного польового досліду передбачали п’ять строківсадіння свіжозібраних бульб картоплі сортів різнихгруп стиглості: ранньостиглої – сорт Щедрик, серед-ньоранньої – сорт Невська та середньостиглої – сортСлов’янка. Облікова площа ділянки – 6,37 м², гус-тота садіння – 48,3 тис бульб на 1 га, розташуванняділянок – рендомізоване. Для визначення достовір-ності отриманих даних використовували статистичніметоди. Результати. Протягом вегетаційного періодувирощування картоплі дефіцит природного вологоза-безпечення мав місце за всіх строків літнього садіння.Найбільше витратили поливної води за строків літ-нього садіння 30 червня та 5 липня – 69,3% та 68,7 %відповідно, і хоча значення сумарного водоспоживання(2 601 м3/га) є найвищим за першого строку садіння(20 червня), витрати поливної води були менші на6,2–6,8%. Найвищою ефективність водоспоживаннябула у середньостиглого сорту Слов’янка – 7,8 кг/м3,найнижчою – у ранньостиглого сорту Щедрик –7,18 кг/м3. Висновки. В умовах Півдня України най-більш економічно виправданим є строк літньогосадіння картоплі свіжозібраними бульбами у періодіз 20 по 25 червня, який забезпечує максимальнийрівень урожаю – 16,3–17,5 т/га, найбільш економневикористання вологи та зрошувальної води (коефі-цієнт водоспоживання становив від 146 до 170 м³/т,а 1 кубометр зрошувальної води забезпечував отри-мання 8,7–10,8 кг продукції).
Динаміка зміни температурного режиму та кількості опадів у Херсонській області в контексті змін клімату
Authors: Вожегова Р.А.
Published: May 2021

Мета. Аналіз сучасного стану температурного режиму та надходження опадів у Херсонській області України, з'ясування тенденцій подальших змін у кліма- тичному режимі регіону, встановлення можливих ризи- ків для виробництва продукції рослинництва. Методи. Історичний метод оцінки метеорологічних показників (середньорічної температури повітря та річної суми опа- дів) за даними Херсонського обласного гідрометеоро- логічного центру; статистичні методи Манна-Кендалла та Сена для оцінки трендів у динаміці досліджуваних метеорологічних показників і формування прогнозу на майбутній період методом Вінтерса. Результати. Виявлено чіткий достовірний (на довірчому рівні 95%) тренд до підвищення середньорічної температури пові- тря та суми опадів у регіоні. Прогнозовано, що серед- ньорічна температура повітря на період 2020–2050 рр. становитиме 11,99 ºС, а кількість опадів може зрости до 509,2 мм. Суттєве підвищення температури повітря поряд із нерівномірністю та зливовим характером опа- дів вестиме до посилення посушливості у Херсонській області, що вимагатиме вживання заходів меліоратив- ного характеру, а також перегляду основних елементів технології вирощування сільськогосподарських куль- тур, а саме режимів і норм зрошення, строків сівби та збирання врожаю, сортового та видового складу культур, системи захисту рослин від шкідників та хво- роб. Висновки. Зрошення стане необхідною переду- мовою розвитку виробництва продукції рослинництва, тому потрібно вжити заходів для реконструкції раніше побудованих та будівництва нових зрошувальних сис- тем у Херсонській області для забезпечення продо- вольчої безпеки на Півдні України, а також переглянути та осучаснити наявні агротехнологічні рекомендації для основних сільськогосподарських культур, вирощу- ваних у регіоні.
The Challenges of Mask Wearing Among USIM Medical Students during the Pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Raja Hussin Raja Hassrullah , Wan Sulaiman Wan Shahida , Roslan Amirah , Mokhtar Nur Faizatul Murni , Abdul Manaf Nurin Alia , Ahmad Sa’aduddin Najat Ruhi , Wan Abdullah Nuur Nabilah Balqis , Abdullah Noradilah Samseh
Published: May 2021

Wearing a face mask has become mandatory when going out in public. Besides hand washing and physical distancing, wearing a face mask is a preventive measure used to curb the spread of COVID-19. However, many people do not comply with the rules and have difficulties in wearing masks. This study aims to evaluate current knowledge on the importance of face masks and identify factors contributing to discomfort in wearing face masks. Using a Google form survey, the study was conducted among 155 medical students of Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). Data revealed 99.4% of the participants agreed on the importance of wearing masks and 92.35% respondents mentioned compliance in wearing masks. However, only 63.9% reported feeling comfortable while wearing a surgical mask. Certain factors were found to contribute to the discomfort of wearing face masks, such as feeling hot (77.4%), excessive sweating (76.1%), hard to breathe (67.7%) and trapping of odours (67.1%). Most of the respondents (84.5%) agreed that a change or alteration could be made to the current face mask design to make it more comfortable. During this COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of wearing masks has been well-realized by society. However, there remain several challenges associated with wearing them. Therefore, inventors should strive towards the innovation of a more comfortable and easy-wearing mask in order to enhance better compliance among users.
Characteristic Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) in COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sulistyani  , Setiawan Iwan , Rakhma Titian , Ichsan Burhannudin
Published: May 2021

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is one of the diagnoses reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 patients). Meanwhile, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has the potential to cause endothelial dysfunction, increase thrombin generation and inhibit fibrinolysis. This causes hyper coagulopathy, with the potential to become CVT. Therefore, this study aims to determine the characteristics of CVT cases in COVID-19 patients. This systematic review refers to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis) guidelines. The articles were obtained systematically from online databases, Pubmed, Science Direct, as well as Google Scholar, using the search keywords ("COVID 19" OR "SARS-CoV-2 infection" OR "COVID-19 virus disease" OR "2019-nCoV infection" OR "coronavirus disease 2019" OR "coronavirus disease-19" OR "2019- nCoV disease "OR" COVID-19 virus infection") AND" cerebral venous thrombosis " as well as " cerebral venous thrombosis ". After deduplication, eligibility criteria selection and critical assessment on journals, the study reviewed eight patients from four case reports and two case series. According to the characterization, CVT patients with COVID-19 had a mean age of 42.4 years, were mostly male, tended to be cryptogenic, as well as varied neurological symptoms, and increased D-Dimer in most cases. All patients showed CVT features on imaging and were treated using mostly anticoagulants. Five out of the eight patients (50%) died.
风景园林工程中的常见问题及处理方法
Authors: 宋 惠
Published: May 2021

在我国环境绿化建设中，风景园林工程占有重要地位，不仅可以使环境得到美化，还可以为人们休闲娱乐提供场所和条件。但是，实际进行风景园林工程施工中还存在一定的问题。要想提高风景园林工程建设水平，需要做好施工规划工作，合理配置绿化植物，且提高施工技术水平以规避施工质量问题，与此同时还需要加强风景园林工程养护工作，实现高品质的风景园林建设，为人们提供良好的城市环境。本篇文章对具体问题和处理方法进行了探讨，以供借鉴。
室内设计中的色彩运用探讨
Authors: 赵 秀艳 , 余 晓庆
Published: May 2021

现如今，随着时代和社会的发展，人们对美的追求越来越高、人们对于日常生活也越来越重视，作为美学重要载体的室内设计逐渐被人们所认知，人们对室内设计的装饰、室内设计的风格等都有了更高的要求。而室内设计为了能更好地适应当代人们的需求，也不断创新，融合更多的新兴元素，致力于给人们带来美感与舒适于一体的生活环境。而在进行室内设计时，室内设计的个性化又受到越来越多的人的追捧，在室内设计中灵活运用各种色彩成了当今社会的主流，人们的生活中处处充满着色彩，色彩对人们的生活起到了很好的润滑剂的作用，好的色彩搭配能给人眼前一亮和心情舒畅的感觉，而将室内设计与色彩运用相结合，可以更好的为人们的室内设计提供新的思路，为人们的室内设计提供新的发展动力，色彩的运用也能更好的凸显室内设计的风格。
建筑施工安全管理面临的问题与对策研究
Authors: 刘 坤
Published: May 2021

安全管理已经成为建筑工程管理工作中的重点，要想保证工程可以顺利开展应充分做好安全管理工作。假如安全管理工作不到位不仅会给施工进度、质量、人员等带来损失同时也会使企业形象受损，因此在施工过程中应进一步强化安全管理工作，提升安全管理工作水平。在对安全管理工作中的问题进行分析后应制定出更具针对性的管理措施，为工程建设人员创建安全的工作环境，确保建筑行业稳定发展。
Bibliographical theory as the phenomenon of Russia library and information science. (On the occasion of Oleg P. Korshunov 95th anniversary)
Authors: Likhovid T. F.
Published: May 2021

P. Korshunov’s contribution to the theory of bibliography is discussed; the discipline structure and development stages are analyzed. The main principles of Oleg P. Korshunov’s theory are outlined: dialectical method of rising from the abstract to the concrete applied to bibliographic phenomena studies; the view of document communication system as a metasystem of bibliographic functioning. The theory also sees the contradictions/information barriers existing in the system of document communications as an intrinsic reason for the emergence of mediating social institutions (libraries, archives, bibliography, etc.), which mission is to establish correspondence between documents and end users. Oleg P. Korshunov also developed the concept of bibliographic information as an intrinsic distinction of bibliography from other types of information activity; he derived the modes and functions of bibliographic information and common patterns of bibliographic activity. The author specifies several rival bibliography theories: information-cultural (M. G. Vokhrysheva, N. B. Zinovieva), ideographic (N. A. Sliadneva), management (A. A. Grechikhin), semiotic (G. Ya. Uzilevskiy), and synergetic (T. A. Novozhenova). The author points to the conceptual diversity of the theory of bibliography in Russia and current unavailability of the single theory. The author demonstrates the achievements and challenges of the theory of bibliography within the framework of academic studies, as well as maturity of bibliography subdisciplines, i. e. theory and methodology of bibliography, history of bibliography, management of bibliographic activities, bibliographic methods and technologies. The prospects of theory of bibliography are specified as stated by Russian scholars on the basis of Thomas S. Kuhn’s theory of scientific revolutions. They unanimously connect development history of theory of bibliography to the bibliological and documentological paradigms (in different terminologies), while interpreting the future of bibliography in different ways though always with dominating technological issues.
Knowledge of self-care practices in diabetes: compasso
Authors: Neves Natália Wilcesky Tosini , Breder Jéssica da Silva Cunha , Antunes Joaquim Barreto , Torres Heloisa Carvalho , Sposito Andrei Carvalho , Lima Maria Helena de Melo
Published: May 2021

Objective: This study aims to learn about self-care and self-perception practices and difficulties related to complications in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus through a Compasso protocol application over the phone. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach that included 222 people with type 2 diabetes. Two instruments were applied: the first composed of sociodemographic information and clinical variables and the second, the Compasso protocol. Results: The difficulties in managing self-care were: physical activity (33.33%) and following the diet plan (32.43%). The possible complications of diabetes that patients believe to have a higher incidence were vision problems (24.32%), cardiovascular complications (22.52%), followed by amputation (19.82%). Most of the participants reported following the diet plan three to four times a week (27.5%), 44.6% did not perform any physical activity at least once a week. 94.6% of the participants reported using the medication every day of the week. However, regarding clinical variables, 58.6% of participants are out of the glycemic goal, with glycated hemoglobin >7%, 44.6% of patients are obese, 61.5% of men and 88.5% of women have a waist circumference above desirable. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that following the diet plan and doing physical activity have been the biggest barriers to self-care of diabetes. Most patients report that problems with vision and cardiovascular complications are the possible consequences of lack of self-care.
Bioconcreto: bactérias gram-positivas retiradas do solo no autorreparo de fissuras, trincas e rachaduras no concreto
Authors: Martins Michele Garcês Almeida , Silva Marcela Oliveira da , Florentino Ligiane Aparecida , Borges Diogo Gontijo
Published: May 2021

O concreto é um material altamente utilizado na construção civil, apresenta alta resistência à compressão, porém quando tracionado tende a fissurar e romper. Com a ocorrência dessas fissuras e possível rompimento, há o receio de que a estrutura deixe de cumprir com os seus critérios de desempenho ou que tenha a sua vida útil reduzida. A partir dessa problemática tem se desenvolvido estudos sobre o bioconcreto, concreto capaz de realizar autorreparação a partir da adição de bactérias gram-positivas e seu meio de alimento em seu preparo por meio do processo de biomineralização. Ao entrar em contato com a água essa bactéria se alimenta e precipita uma camada de carbonato de cálcio, preenchendo, assim, suas fissuras. Logo, o bioconcreto se apresenta como uma nova alternativa na área da construção civil. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar um novo meio de reparação de fissuras por meio de bactérias extraídas do solo. A metodologia foi dividida nas etapas de preparação da bactéria, preparação do concreto, preparação das fissuras, trincas e rachaduras, preparação do meio de alimento e tratamento dessas fissuras, trincas e rachaduras. Os resultados foram analisados de forma qualitativa. Ainda que as fissuras não tenham se preenchido totalmente, obteve-se resultados significativos, no qual o ensaio A se destacou, pois visualmente ficou com suas fissuras mais preenchidas do que no ensaio B. No entanto, o tempo empregado na metodologia pode não ter sido suficiente para a reparação completa dessas fissuras.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING IN LEARNING INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AT SD 002 SUNGAI SALAK
Authors: Susanti Yenni
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to improve learning outcomes in Indonesian by using a contextual teaching and learning model. This research method using classroom action research at SD 002 Sungai Salak with a total of 17 students. The results of this study at the first meeting of the first cycle, the teacher activity score was 53.57% in the Good category. At the second meeting of the first cycle the teacher activity score was 71.43. The third meeting to the fourth meeting the teacher's activity increased by 3.57%. At the first meeting of the first cycle, the student activity score was 50.00% in the Enough category. At the second meeting of the first cycle the student activity score was 60.71%. At the third meeting of the second cycle the score of student activity was 75.00% in the Good category. At the fourth meeting of the second cycle the score of student activity was 78.57% in the Very Good category. The third meeting to the fourth meeting, student activities increased by 3.57%. Indonesian language learning outcomes After learning the Contextual Teaching and Learning model by giving daily tests I with a total score of 1240 with a class average of 72.94 with 11 students who did not complete 6 students, while in cycle II with a total score of 1420 with an average of 83.53 with information on completeness of students who completed as many as 15 people who did not complete 2 students.
ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS 'ABILITY IN IMPLEMENTING ONLINE LEARNING IN SDN 005 KEMPAS JAYA
Authors: Sugiarto Sugiarto
Published: May 2021

The ability of teachers in online learning needs to be analyzed so that they are able to provide a clear picture of the weaknesses that will arise in learning. This research is a school action research that uses quantitative research methods that assess the ability of teachers by generating numbers as an illustration of the number of 10 teachers at SDN 005 Kempas Jaya. The results of the research obtained by indicator 1 of the preparation of lesson plans with an average of 74.5, the ability of the teacher in determining basic competencies and making learning objectives are categorized as good with an average of indicator 2 (81.5) and indicator 3 (84.5), indicator 4 with a value of 76, indicator 5 is 78, and indicator 6 is 73.5. This assessment is seen from the pre-learning process, while in the implementation of learning the least is indicator 1 of the teacher's ability to make online learning applications of 67, and indicator 5 of the teacher's ability to direct students to work on student worksheets is 62 because it is difficult to control students due to limited space and time. For this reason, teachers should be given training in implementing online learning.
Translational Skills of Students in Chemistry
Authors:   College of Teacher Education, Cebu Normal University, Sanchez Joje Mar Perino
Published: May 2021

Understanding chemistry requires the interplay of several modes of representations which can be observed in the translational skills of students. This paper investigated the extent of the translational skills of students exposed to conventional lecture method (CLM) and the integrated macro-micro-symbolic approach (IMMSA). Individual interviews were conducted, and the results were presented based on Johnstone’s Chemistry Triangles. Findings revealed that the CLM group had a fair extent of translational skills, lacked two-way translations, and followed pattern 1 skills. On the other hand, the IMMSA group had satisfactory skills, included two-way translations, and followed patterns 1 and 2. This led to the conclusion that interplay within and between chemical modes of representation creates a relational understanding in chemistry. It was suggested that teachers should start their instruction from microscopic terminal for deeper understanding in the macroscopic and symbolic levels.
Costo Conductual, modos de interacción y adicción a las redes sociales
Authors: Pardo Jaime Leonardo , Muñoz Rojas Maria Liliana
Published: May 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar si el costo conductual influye la elección del modo de interacción y el efecto de la adicción a las redes sociales sobre ésta. Para la selección de la muestra se aplicó el Cuestionario de Adicción a las Redes Sociales (ARS) a 306 estudiantes universitarios, 140 hombres y 166 mujeres con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 42 años (X=22,34), luego se organizaron los puntajes en cuartiles y se seleccionaron a nueve personas del primer cuartil y nueve del último cuartil. Una vez hecho esto, se asignaron en grupos de tres personas, y cada grupo fue asignado dentro de una condición del diseño factorial. El experimento consistió en realizar una entrevista que podía contar con 10 o 16 preguntas (costo conductual), donde el participante elegía realizarla a través de una red social o de forma presencial, dependiendo de la condición asignada. En el análisis de resultados se utilizó el estadístico Kruskal – Wallis y la prueba U de Mann -  Whitney para establecer si existen diferencias entre la elección por costo conductual y los cuartiles elegidos respectivamente. Los resultados demostraron que la elección tiende a ser por la opción menos costosa, sin importar la presencia, o ausencia, de adicción a las redes sociales.
Consumo de carne, lácteos y frutas: un lujo para las familias desplazadas por el conflicto armado colombiano
Authors: Sierra Puentes Myriam Carmenza , Arias-Aguirre Johana Patricia
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las prácticas de consumo conspicuo o de lujo, también llamado consumo lujoso, asociado a los hábitos alimenticios de familias en condición de desplazamiento forzado. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con el método hermenéutico donde se empleó la triangulación de fuentes y técnicas, además se recopiló datos cualitativos de 10 mujeres cabeza de familia y sus hijos menores. Los participantes vivieron después de su desplazamiento forzado en Bogotá (Colombia) durante al menos diez años. Los análisis de datos se llevaron a cabo con Nvivo 11 basado en la Teoría Fundamentada. Los resultados muestran que productos como la carne, los lácteos y las frutas se consideran alimentos lujosos que no se contemplan en la alimentación diaria de las familias participantes. Los resultados también muestran que este tipo de alimentos se consumen exclusivamente en los momentos de celebración, lo que afecta significativamente la nutrición de los menores. Esta práctica alimentaria se debe a los bajos ingresos de la población desplazada, donde la importancia de los alimentos se centra en saciar el apetito y aumentar la percepción de llenura, lo cual no favorece una adecuada nutrición.
Alterations of Golgi Structural Proteins and Glycosylation Defects in Cancer
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan
Published: May 2021

As the central hub in the secretory and endocytic pathways, the Golgi apparatus continually receives the flow of cargos and serves as a major processing station in the cell. Due to its dynamic nature, a sophisticated and constantly remodeling mechanism needs to be set up to maintain the Golgi architecture and function in the non-stop trafficking of proteins and lipids. Abundant evidence has been accumulated that a well-organized Golgi structure is required for its proper functions, especially protein glycosylation. Remarkably, altered glycosylation has been a hallmark of most cancer cells. To understand the causes of Golgi defects in cancer, efforts have been made to characterize Golgi structural proteins under physiological and pathological conditions. This review summarizes the current knowledge of crucial Golgi structural proteins and their connections with tumor progression. We foresee that understanding the Golgi structural and functional defects may help solve the puzzle of whether glycosylation defect is a cause or effect of oncogenesis.
Transport Cost for Carbon Removal Projects With Biomass and CO2 Storage
Authors: Stolaroff Joshuah K. , Pang Simon H. , Li Wenqin , Kirkendall Whitney G. , Goldstein Hannah M. , Aines Roger D. , Baker Sarah E.
Published: May 2021

Strategies to remove carbon from the atmosphere are needed to meet global climate goals. Promising strategies include the conversion of waste biomass to hydrogen, methane, liquid fuels, or electricity coupled with CO2 capture and storage (CCS). A key challenge for these projects is the need to connect geographically dispersed biomass supplies with geologic storage sites by either transporting biomass or CO2. We assess the cost of transport for biomass conversion projects with CCS using publicly available cost data for trucking, rail, and CO2 pipelines in the United States. We find that for large projects (order of 1 Mt/yr CO2 or greater), CO2 by pipeline is the lowest cost option. However, for projects that send most of the biomass carbon to storage, such as gasification to hydrogen or electricity production, biomass by rail is a competitive option. For smaller projects and lower fractions of carbon sent to storage, such as for pyrolysis to liquid fuels, CO2 by rail is the lowest cost option. Assessing three plausible example projects in the United States, we estimate that total transport costs range from $24/t-CO2 stored for a gasification to hydrogen project traversing 670 km to $36/t for a gasification to renewable natural gas project traversing 530 km. In general, if developers have flexibility in choosing transport mode and project type, biomass sources and storage sites can be connected across hundreds of kilometers for transport costs in the range of $20-40/t-CO2 stored. Truck and rail are often viable modes when pipelines cannot be constructed. Distances of 1,000 km or more can be connected in the same cost range when shared CO2 pipelines are employed.
Characterization of Thin MAPb(I1–xBrx)3 Alloy Halide Perovskite Films Prepared by Sequential Physical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Fru Juvet Nche , Nombona Nolwazi , Diale Mmantsae
Published: May 2021

Lead iodide (PbI2)-rich methylammonium lead bromide-iodide (MAPb(I1–xBrx)3) thin-films were prepared by sequential physical vapor deposition of methylammonium lead tri-bromide (MAPbBr3) on methylammonium lead tri-iodide (MAPbI3) bottom layer. The structural, optical, morphological, and electrical properties of the thin-films were studied as the thickness of methylammonium bromide (MABr) was increased from 300 to 500 nm. X-ray diffractograms confirmed transformation of tetragonal MAPbI3(x is 0.0) to the cubic-like structure of MAPbBr3 (x is 1.0) as MAPb(I1–xBrx)3 (x = 0.89–0.95) and PbI2 were formed. The bromine mole ratio x decreased as MABr thickness increased. UV-Vis absorption spectra showed that the bandgap of the thin alloy film decreased from 2.21 to 2.14 eV as x decreased. Scanning electron micrographs depicted densely packed grains that entirely covered the substrate and contained very few pinholes. The average grain size increased from 150 to 320 nm as x decreased. Electrical properties showed high charge carrier mobility that increased linearly with MABr thickness. FTO/MAPb(I1–xBrx)3/Au devices using fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) as substrate and gold (Au) as contacts were fabricated and current-voltage characteristics were determined. Space-charge-limited current theory was applied to charge carrier mobility and trap density of MAPb(I1–xBrx)3 thin-films. The charge carrier mobility increased as x decreased. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of FTO/MAPbBr3/Au, FTO/MAPb(I0.11Br0.89)3/Au and FTO/MAPbI3/Au solar cells were 0.56, 0.62, and 1.15%. Devices including titanium dioxide compact layer (c-TiO2) and titanium dioxide mesoporous (m-TiO2) layer as electron transport layers were also fabricated for the application of Mott-Shottky (M-S) theory. Analyses of dark current-voltage and capacitance-voltage curves of FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/MAPb(I0.11Br0.89)3 solar cells revealed a sizeable built-in voltage (Vbi) of 1.6 V and an accumulation of charge at interfaces for voltages greater than 0.2 V, respectively. Similar analyses for FTO/TiO2/MAPbI3/Au showed a small Vbi of 0.7 V and no charge carrier at interfaces. The work paves a way for reproducible growth of MAPb(I1–xBrx)3 for solar cells and sheds more light on the degree of ion migration in mixed halide and pure halide perovskites.
Stromal Score-Based Gene Signature: A Prognostic Prediction Model for Colon Cancer
Authors: Jia Jing , Dai Yuhan , Zhang Qing , Tang Peiyu , Fu Qiang , Xiong Guanying
Published: May 2021

Background

Growing evidence has revealed the crucial roles of stromal cells in the microenvironment of various malignant tumors. However, efficient prognostic signatures based on stromal characteristics in colon cancer have not been well-established yet. The present study aimed to construct a stromal score-based multigene prognostic prediction model for colon cancer.

Methods

Stromal scores were calculated based on the expression profiles of a colon cancer cohort from TCGA database applying the ESTIMATE algorithm. Linear models were used to identify differentially expressed genes between low-score and high-score groups by limma R package. Univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression models were used successively to select the prognostic gene signature. Two independent datasets from GEO were used as external validation cohorts.

Results

Low stromal score was demonstrated to be a favorable factor to the overall survival of colon cancer patients in TCGA cohort (p = 0.0046). Three hundred and seven stromal score-related differentially expressed genes were identified. Through univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses, a gene signature consisting of LEP, NOG, and SYT3 was recognized to build a prognostic prediction model. Based on the predictive values estimated by the established integrated model, patients were divided into two groups with significantly different overall survival outcomes (p < 0.0001). Time-dependent Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses suggested the satisfactory predictive efficacy for the 5-year overall survival of the model (AUC value = 0.733). A nomogram with great predictive performance combining the multigene prediction model and clinicopathological factors was developed. The established model was validated in an external cohort (AUC value = 0.728). In another independent cohort, the model was verified to be of significant prognostic value for different subgroups, which was demonstrated to be especially accurate for young patients (AUC value = 0.763).

Conclusion

The well-established model based on stromal score-related gene signature might serve as a promising tool for the prognostic prediction of colon cancer.
Therapeutic Development for CGG Repeat Expansion-Associated Neurodegeneration
Authors: Xu Keqin , Li Yujing , Allen Emily G. , Jin Peng
Published: May 2021

Non-coding repeat expansions, such as CGG, GGC, CUG, CCUG, and GGGGCC, have been shown to be involved in many human diseases, particularly neurological disorders. Of the diverse pathogenic mechanisms proposed in these neurodegenerative diseases, dysregulated RNA metabolism has emerged as an important contributor. Expanded repeat RNAs that form particular structures aggregate to form RNA foci, sequestering various RNA binding proteins and consequently altering RNA splicing, transport, and other downstream biological processes. One of these repeat expansion-associated diseases, fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), is caused by a CGG repeat expansion in the 5’UTR region of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. Moreover, recent studies have revealed abnormal GGC repeat expansion within the 5’UTR region of the NOTCH2NLC gene in both essential tremor (ET) and neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID). These CGG repeat expansion-associated diseases share genetic, pathological, and clinical features. Identification of the similarities at the molecular level could lead to a better understanding of the disease mechanisms as well as developing novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we highlight our current understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of CGG repeat expansion-associated diseases and discuss potential therapeutic interventions for these neurological disorders.
Effects of a 3-Week In-Hospital Multidisciplinary Body Weight Reduction Program in Obese Females: Is Measured Resting Energy Expenditure Essential for Tailoring Adequately the Amount of Energy Intake?
Authors: Tamini Sofia , Cicolini Sabrina , Caroli Diana , Sartorio Alessandro
Published: May 2021

In the obese population, the prescription of a proper diet plan is essential to ensure an appropriate and gradual weight loss, reduce the risk of weight cycling and favor an overall improvement of health conditions. Energy needs are commonly estimated using predictive equations, even if their accuracy is still debated, especially in severely obese subjects. In the present study, 850 severely obese females admitted to our hospital for a multidisciplinary body weight reduction program (BWRP) were divided into three subgroups, “hypo-,” “normo-,” and “hyper-metabolic,” based on the comparison between estimated resting energy expenditure (eREE, using the Mifflin equation) and measured REE (mREE, using indirect calorimetry). The majority of this study population was considered normo-metabolic (59.4%, mREE between 90 and 110% of eREE), 32.6% was hyper-metabolic (mREE > 110% of eREE) and only 8% was hypo-metabolic (mREE < 90% of eREE). The three subgroups were evaluated before and after a 3-week BWRP, entailing energy restricted diet, adapted physical activity, psychological counseling and nutritional education. Since the diet plan during the BWRP consisted of a 30% reduction of total energy expenditure (obtained by multiplying mREE by the physical activity level), each subgroup responded positively to the BWRP independently from the difference between mREE and eREE, the extent of BMI reduction and clinical, metabolic and physical amelioration being comparable among the three subgroups. By contrast, the restriction of the energy intake based on eREE during the BWRP would have determined a slighter caloric restriction in the hypo-metabolic subgroup, thus determining a smaller body weight reduction, and, by contrast, a more marked caloric restriction in the hyper-metabolic subgroup, probably difficult to be tolerated and maintained for prolonged period. In conclusion, the percentage of subjects with “slow metabolism” in a Caucasian female obese population seeking hospitalization for a BWRP is actually lower than expected, finding controverting the common notion that obesity is mostly due to reduced REE. The high percentage (40%) of inadequate eREE in these female obese populations further underlines the absolute need to include the measurement of REE in the clinical practice for the correct prescription of energy intake in severely obese populations.
Integrated Analysis of Whole Genome and Epigenome Data Using Machine Learning Technology: Toward the Establishment of Precision Oncology
Authors: Asada Ken , Kaneko Syuzo , Takasawa Ken , Machino Hidenori , Takahashi Satoshi , Shinkai Norio , Shimoyama Ryo , Komatsu Masaaki , Hamamoto Ryuji
Published: May 2021

With the completion of the International Human Genome Project, we have entered what is known as the post-genome era, and efforts to apply genomic information to medicine have become more active. In particular, with the announcement of the Precision Medicine Initiative by U.S. President Barack Obama in his State of the Union address at the beginning of 2015, “precision medicine,” which aims to divide patients and potential patients into subgroups with respect to disease susceptibility, has become the focus of worldwide attention. The field of oncology is also actively adopting the precision oncology approach, which is based on molecular profiling, such as genomic information, to select the appropriate treatment. However, the current precision oncology is dominated by a method called targeted-gene panel (TGP), which uses next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze a limited number of specific cancer-related genes and suggest optimal treatments, but this method causes the problem that the number of patients who benefit from it is limited. In order to steadily develop precision oncology, it is necessary to integrate and analyze more detailed omics data, such as whole genome data and epigenome data. On the other hand, with the advancement of analysis technologies such as NGS, the amount of data obtained by omics analysis has become enormous, and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, mainly machine learning (ML) technologies, are being actively used to make more efficient and accurate predictions. In this review, we will focus on whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis and epigenome analysis, introduce the latest results of omics analysis using ML technologies for the development of precision oncology, and discuss the future prospects.
Health Related Studyability-An Approach to Structure Health Promotion Interventions at Universities
Authors: Kellner Mona , Weiß Klaus , Gassert Janina , Huber Gerhard
Published: May 2021

So far, the only existing prerequisite to enter an academic institution is a specific diploma, like a high school diploma, or another comparable certified document. Other requirements may only be a numerus clausus for certain fields of study to pave the bureaucratic way for a prospective student into their university life. The way first year students dive into their first academic experiences is entirely left to themselves. (Soft) Skills and Competences that exceed the expertise of the chosen courses but are essential for this new, and very challenging, chapter of their lives are not taught to them. Therefore, student health promotion for young adults is essential to build and sustain a healthy lifestyle during their academic careers. Nevertheless, it is important to consider not only a student's perspective but also structural and organizational conditions within the academic institutions. The further development of Ilmarinen's concept of workability may help to construct a theoretical and empirically based concept to implement health-promoting conditions for a student health promotion system at universities. Ilmarinen's concept was chosen by the work group in terms of the structure, which may be adapted to a university since it can be seen as a student's workplace.
Localization of the First Mandibular Molar Roots in Relationship to the Mandibular Canal in Small Breed Dogs—A Tomography Imaging Study
Authors: Chia Han , Taney Kendall , Hoover Don , Robertson James B. , Villamizar-Martinez Lenin A.
Published: May 2021

The intimate relationship between the mandibular canal (MC) and the first mandibular molar tooth presents challenges when performing dentoalveolar surgical procedures due to the probability of causing iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle. Superimposition between the MC and the first molar (M1) tooth roots is often observed on intraoral dental radiographs in small breed dogs. However, due to the radiograph's bidimensional nature, it is impossible to determine the buccal or lingual localization of the first molar roots with respect to the MC. Thus, this study's objective was to determine the localization of the first molar tooth's roots in relation to the position of the MC and their overlapping percentage with the canal in small-bodyweight dogs (<15 kg) using tomographic diagnostic images. For this, cone-beam computed tomography and high-definition computed tomography exams from 103 small breed dogs (under 15 kg) were retrospectively assessed to determine the lingual or buccal localization of the first molar tooth's roots with respect to the MC and the degree of overlap of the roots with the canal. In conclusion, most of the roots of M1 of dogs under 15 kg were located at the MC's lingual aspect (82.7%) with an overall superimposition median with the MC of 100 and 90% for the mesial and distal roots, respectively. Straddle tooth roots were not a common anatomical presentation in the dogs of this study.
Future Precipitation Scenarios over Italy
Authors: Faggian Paola
Published: May 2021

To support the development of national adaptation policies and measures addressing climate change impacts over Italy, this work aims to analyze projected changes in mean temperatures and precipitations, and extreme events such as droughts and floods, highlighting some local trends in the different Italian regions that have been little considered to date. The investigations are made on the basis of a set of high-resolution Euro-CORDEX models (horizontal resolution 0.11°, about 12 km) to infer quantitative assessments about the danger of climate changes under three different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs): business as usual scenario, i.e., without a reduction in green-house gas emissions (RCP 8.5), medium stabilization scenario (RCP 4.5) and mitigation scenario (RCP 2.6). After filtering the models with limited performances in reconstructing the current climate, the multi-model climate change scenarios were characterized by comparing the ensemble mean values computed for the base-line period (1971–2000) with those elaborated for the short- (2021–2050), medium- (2041–2070) and long-term (2071–2100). Two WMO ETCCDI indices were considered to investigate climate extremes: Consecutive Dry Days and extreme precipitations. Despite some uncertainties (related to discrepancies among the models), drought conditions and extreme precipitations will likely exacerbate in the coming decades without mitigation (RCP 8.5). Such conditions will be less critical if partial mitigation actions will be undertaken (RCP 4.5) and are expected to be significantly reduced with decarbonization policies (RCP 2.6).
Reading Þórðar saga kakala as literature
Authors: White D. M.
Published: May 2021

Þórðar saga kakala is a thirteenth-century contemporary saga, extant today in the surviving manuscripts of the fourteenth-century compilation Sturlunga saga. The original version of the saga – *Þórðar saga kakala hin mikla – was written during in Western Iceland during the 1270s, most probably by someone close to Hrafn Oddsson who had been present at the saga’s events (notably proposed to be Svarthöfði Dufgusson) (White 2020a). In extant form, Þórðar saga kakala contains 50 chapters covering the years 1242-9/50 and 1254-6; however, *Þórðar saga kakala hin mikla was longer and, whilst also ending in 1256, likely began in c.1233 (or even earlier in c.1210) (White 2020a). Historically, contemporary sagas – such as the component texts of Sturlunga saga – have been treated uncritically by scholars seeking to cite them as primary sources of Icelandic history. Despite this, in recent years attitudes have begun to change (cf. Jón Viðar Sigurðsson et al. 2017). The transformation in approaches to the contemporary sagas has been spearheaded by the great scholar of Sturlunga saga, Úlfar Bragason, who has sought throughout his career to evaluate the literary qualities of the compilation, especially from a narratological standpoint (e.g. Úlfar Bragason 2010). This article carries out a literary analysis of Þórðar saga kakala, specifically in relation to how its structure and intertextual connections serve as meaning-making devices. Two arguments are presented across this article. The first is that Þórðar saga kakala’s interlaced structure encourages the reader to focus in on Þórður’s personal qualities. The second is that Þórðar saga kakala’s implicit references to other texts serves to induce the reader to attribute Þórður’s successes to his possession of exceptional characteristics. The article closes by emphasising the literary nature of this apparently historical text, and echoes Úlfar’s call for historians to use subject the text to thoroughgoing analysis when using it as a primary source.
Desarrollo de competencias profesionales en alumnos TSU en energías renovables área solar, durante el proyecto de instalación fotovoltaica de la Universidad Tecnológica de Aguascalientes
Authors: Castillo-Zarate Ma. Alicia
Published: May 2021

Based on the focus of competency-based education and attending the interest of professional training of the student of Renewable Energies Solar Area of the Technological University of Aguascalientes, this article describes a didactic experience that contributes to the development of professional competence, to Through the participation of students of the fifth semester, in the first Photovoltaic Installation (IFV) of 118 photovoltaic modules in the Institution. This experience is supported by project learning strategies, situated learning and meaningful learning, focused on promoting the development of skills, knowledge and attitudes that integrate the professional competence required in the graduation profile of Energy students. The methodology used includes learning activities aimed at developing knowledge, knowing how to do and knowing how to be, which, when integrated, contribute to developing the professional competence of the Energy graduate; it also implies the development of four learning products indicated in the Results, which describe developed skills, acquired technical knowledge and attitudinal aspects modified or strengthened by students. Finally, it should be noted, with the opinion of the students, that this strategy stimulates and motivates student performance to complete their training.
Evaluación comparativa de los resultados de la aplicación del cuestionario del estilo de aprendizaje Honey-Alonso a estudiantes del área de las ciencias computacionales
Authors: Esquivel-Salas Abraham , Ábila-Aguilar Verenice , Molina-Wong María del Refugio , Salas-Guzmán Manuel Ignacio
Published: May 2021

In this article a first approach was made about the tracking of a student’s learning styles preferences along their higher education. The investigation was applied to students of the Computer Science area, through a comparative evaluation of the Honey-Alonso Learning Styles Questionnaire to selected students, in three moments of their career path. In a first instance, the results show a change in the learning style of the students, later an analysis provides the nature of that change. The study presents the sample size as a limitation, because the tests had to be applied to the selected students and at different times of their professional studies. The interest for get knowledge about learning styles, aims to increasing the comprehension about how the students learn, and in the possibility of developing tools that allow, as far as possible, increasing the learning motivation and personalization.
Diseño e integración de un sistema modular para producción de hortalizas, peces y
aves de corral, autosustentable
Authors: Castillo-Quiroz Gregorio , Rojas-Balbuena Dorian , Limon-Diaz Miguel Ángel , Cruz-Garrido Arnulfo
Published: May 2021

Today, Mexico is facing a crisis over scarcity and the consequent rise in commodity prices. This situation is expected to continue, because the area available for cultivation, livestock and fishing is reaching its limit, while the population and its food needs are increasing. The proposed system presents an alternative in the production of food for self-consumption in rural and urban areas, consisting of three levels for fish rearing, poultry and vegetable production, and incorporates technology to control its development. The proposed prototype envisages a structural part that supports three modules. The first module is intended for the rearing of fish with a system of filtration and recirculation of water. The second module is intended for the cultivation of vegetables, with a system for the control of the necessary nutrients of vegetables, and in turn, the wastes of plants serve as food to poultry. The third module is intended for poultry rearing, with a system that concentrates and treats waste, which serve as nutrients for vegetables.