bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Dimensi Atom Target D.C. Magnetron Sputtering Terhadap Sifat Mekanis Baja AISI 410
Authors: Jatisukamto Gaguk
Published: November 2020

Micro machining technology uses AISI 410 steel as tools and surgical equipment. AISI 410 steel is hardenable so it is relatively easy to repair its mechanical properties. The weakness of heat treatment in AISI 410 steel for small dimensioned components causes distortion. Therefore, in this research, an effort to improve the mechanical properties of AISI 410 steel using physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique. The method of this research is to deposition Ti-N, Cr-N, W-N and Al-N with D.C magnetron sputtering technique. The sputtering process is carried out at room temperature by bombarding the target material (coating) with Argon gas, so that the bombed atoms will be deposited on the surface of the substrate (coated material). The results showed that the film layer deposition properties on the surface of AISI 410 steel were influenced by the characteristics of the formed nitride layer and the size of the atoms that struck the surface of AISI 410 steel.
Perencanaan Turbin Air Kapasitas 2 x 1 MW di PLTM Cianten 1 Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: . Asrori , Yudiyanto Eko
Published: November 2020

Minihidro Cianten 1 Power Plant (PLTM C-1) capacity 2 x 1 MW, located in Cianten river, Cibunian village, Pamijahan district, Bogor district. Preliminary planning data is with design head (Hd) = 27.7 m, design discharge per unit (Qd) = 4.0 m3 / s, power house elevation = +529,0 m. Turbine planning includes calculation of rated power output, type selection and number of turbines, specific speed velocity and runaway speed, runner diameter, turbine elevation setting, spiral casing and draft tube dimensions and pre-powerhouse design. Turbine performance and stability including pressure rise, speed rise and weighted average efficiency are also planned. Planning is based on calculations from international standard hydro powerplant planning guidance. The results of the calculations are verified by software and catalog of turbine manufacturers. The turbine specification results are as follows: 2 horizontal francis units, rated output power / unit (Pr) = 1000 kW (1 MW), turbine spin (n) = 600 rpm, turbine efficiency (T) = 0.92, (ns) = 298.6 rpm (M-kW), runaway speed = 1219 rpm, runner diameter = 0.769 m, runner weight (WR) = 294.05 kg, total turbine weight (WT) = 3060,37 kg. The stability of turbine operation is declared safe where the value of speed rise and pressure rise are 44.39% and 19.39% respectively. While the performance as a warranty from turbine manufacturers expressed with the value of weighted average efficiency of 88.67%.
Analisis Kenyamanan dan Kestabilan Kendaraan Roda Dua Dalam Tinjauan Satu Derajat Kebebasan
Authors: Nugroho Pipit Wahyu
Published: November 2020

The two most important parameters in driving are comfort and stability. To get the best value from that parameter, then the role of the vehicle suspension system is very important to reduce the vibration due to road waves and keep the wheels sticking above the road. This study studied the effect of suspension type on comfort level and vehicle stability. The type of suspension is related to the value of spring stiffness and its damping value. While the vehicle is modeled in one degree of freedom. The test is carried out with vehicle loading including mass of vehicle and passenger for each type of suspension, ie soft, medium and hard. Vibration analysis is done using Matlab Simulink to get the acceleration response and its deflection response. The vibration response graph shows the comparison of comfort level and vehicle stability on the road profiles modeled in step, impulse, and sinusiodal functions. From the simulation results obtained that Soft and Medium Suspension can handle the vibration very well especially from the level of response speed for a relatively flat road. Meanwhile, Suspension type Hard very good damp vibration for high wavy road.
Meningkatkan Daya Mesin Diesel jenis Common Reel yang dilengkapi Turbocharger dengan Menaikkan Suhu Bahan Bakar dan Suhu Udara
Authors: Irawan Bambang
Published: November 2020

This research aims is to increase engine power by raising the air temperature and fuel temperature into the engine and its effect on the resulting of SFC. Diesel engines that are use turbocharger, the air temperatures have increased but the fuel temperature is still fixed. The problem is how if the air temperature and fuel temperature are raised whether the engine power will increase and the SFC will change. This study was conducted with experiments using a car that the air temperature is adjusted up to 100oC and the fuel temperature that goes into the engine is made a maximum of 70oC. The test results show that with rising air temperatures and fuel temperatures going into the average power engine will raise and save fuel, power and saving SFC occurs at 90°C and 70oC fuel. Rotation of engine that can produce power and fuel-efficient is at around 2000 rpm.
Pengaruh Media Pendingin Terhadap Kekerasan Baja Tahan Karat Martensitik Type 431 Pada Proses Hardening dan Tempering
Authors: Suyanta Suyanta , Subagiyo Subagiyo , Hadi Syamsul , Jannah Zahratul
Published: November 2020

Stainless steels consist of several types such as Austenitic, Ferritic and Martensitic, Martensitic is one of the stainless steels that has a hardenability property, so it is suitable to be used as cutting tool components which require high hardness and corrosion resistance . The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the hardness of stainless steel martensitic type of hardening results with variations of cooling media. Methods of research used were experiments, ie hardening process by heating the material up to 1100oC temperature, held for 30 minutes, then cooled quickly on water, oil and the air, then heated back to 400oC temperature, cooled slowly, the results tested the hardness of Rockwell C method The results showed the type of stainless steel type martensitic 431 increased significantly after the Hardening process of 21.20 HRC before hardening, and after the hardening process to 47 , 6 HRC with water cooling, 47.9 HRC with oil cooling medium and 46.5 HRC for air cooling media, hardness after tempering down ranges from 6-7 HRC to 41.7 HRC for hardening with water cooling medium 41, 2HRC hardening results with oil cooling medium, and 40,4HRC un tuk hardening results with air conditioning medium.
Pengaruh Konfigurasi Sudut Chamfer Male-Female dan Lama Gesek Terhadap Karakteristik Hasil Pengelasan dan Kekuatan Tarik Paduan Alumunium 6061
Authors: Kasijanto Kasijanto , Wahjudi Sadar , Listiono Listiono
Published: November 2020

This study aims to analyzed the effect of male-female chamfer configuration in a rotary friction welding of alumunium 6061. The male-female chamfer configuration tend to make an inner chamfer and outer chamfer shape between two connected materials. The chamfer angle analyzed varies in 300, 450, and 600 where the friction time also varies in 1 and 2 minute. The results shows that the tensile strength increased along with smaller chamfer angle and longer friction time. The largest tensile strength of 33.92 kgf / mm2 was obtained in the variation B30. The smallest tensile strength of 12.20 kgf/mm2 gained in specimen A60. Smaller chamfer angle leads to a larger friction areas which caused the welding contact areas also wider. The male-female chamfer method slopely increase the contact area by 78%, 33% and 12% than normal circle profile.
PENGARUH PENGATURAN MODE CO DAN RPM MESIN TERHADAP EMISI GAS BUANG SEPEDA MOTOR INJEKSI
Authors: PRAMUDIBYO SUGENG PRAMUDIBYO
Published: November 2020

The high population in Indonesia has an impact on increasing the mobility of the population in work and activities, which is followed by the increased transportation facilities needed by the community. One of the negative effects of the increasing number of vehicles is the danger of exhaust emissions. One way to minimize the danger of exhaust gases is to regulate the mixture of air and fuel on the gasoline engine. In Yamaha injection motors there is a CO setting technology, this technology will have an impact on fuel use. The standard CO on a Yamaha motorbike is 0 and can be added or reduced (±) until it reaches 30. Increasing CO one strip will cause the fuel sprayed by the injector to be reduced by 0.05 cc. Examination of exhaust gas emissions is carried out using the Qrotect 401 Engine Gas Analyzer which is capable of measuring CO2, O2, CO, HC and Lamda. Based on the test results show that the lowest exhaust emissions are produced by the vehicle at 2500 rpm and in CO-30 mode settings, namely CO gas emissions of 0.49%. So we can conclude that the lowest exhaust gas emissions are produced by the vehicle at rpm 2500 with CO-30 settings. In addition to co mode settings, variations in engine rpm also affect exhaust emissions. In different modes but with different rpm the results will also be different. In the CO 10 mode setting with rpm 1400 CO gas emission is produced at 2.102 while at 2500 rpm is produced 0.821. So at rpm 2500 produced exhaust emissions lower than rpm 1400. There is a significant effect between CO mode settings and engine rpm on motorcycle exhaust emissions.
Pengaruh Rapat Arus Proses Continuous Hard Anodizing Elektrolit (H2SO4) terhadap Laju Korosi Pipa Aluminium 6061 dengan Pengujian Kabut Garam
Authors: Muzaki Mochamad , Sutikno Endi , Setyorini Putu Hadi
Published: November 2020

Anodizing is an electro-chemical process used to coat metal surfaces with a stable oxide layer. The function of this oxide layer is to increase corrosion resistance. The purpose of this study is determine the effect of variations in current density on the continuous hard anodizing process carried out in sulfuric acid electrolyte solution (H2SO4) on the corrosion rate of aluminum alloy 6061. Corrosion rate testing is carried out through salt fog testing. The values of the current variation used are 1 A/dm2; 2 A/dm2; 3 A/dm2; 4 A/dm2; and 5 A/dm2.  Statistical calculations using the analysis of variance proved the current density in the anodizing process has a significant effect on the corrosion resistance of the anodizing workpiece. Corrosion testing provides information that the highest corrosion rate is an anodizing workpiece with a current density of 1 A/dm2, which is 125.6861 mdd, then 2 A/dm2 of 104.33333 mdd. The lowest corrosion rate value obtained at the use of current density 3 A/dm2, that is 51,8083 mdd. Meanwhile, the use of current density of 4 A/dm2 has a slightly higher corrosion rate compared to the use of current density of 3 A/dm2, which is 86.5444 mdd. Furthermore, the use of current density of 5 A/dm2 has the highest decay rate, so that the formed oxide layer will be damaged, as seen from the higher corrosion rate of the material, which is 100.8361 mdd.
Pengaruh Bentuk Permukaan Absorber Pelat Terhadap Produktivitas dan Efisiensi Solar Still
Authors: Suwandono Purbo , Ismail Nova Risdiyanto
Published: November 2020

Based on previous research, research on the development of solar distillation models is needed. Development of absorbent plates (absorber) using cast concrete material with fin, wave and flat models as a comparison. The fin and wave absorber plates can expand the surface, thereby increasing the intensity of solar radiation received by the absorber. Cast concrete is a porous material that can absorb sea water and make a thin layer, making it easier for the evaporation process and can improve solar distillation performance In this study using the experimental method. Solar still research by examining the surface of a cast concrete absorber plate. The surface of the absorbent plate used is the fin, wave and flat / conventional models. Cast concrete uses stone, iron sand, PCC cement and water. The study used variations in water volume The research resulted in the surface shape of the fin model can increase the productivity of fresh water and the efficiency of solar still using a plate absorbent fin model is higher than the wave and flat models. A smaller volume of sea water can increase productivity higher than a larger volume of sea water.
Pengaruh Parameter Pemesinan terhadap Kualitas Hasil Potong Mesin Bubut Maximat V13 pada Benda Kerja Poros PVC
Authors: Kasijanto Kasijanto , Wahjudi Sadar , Listiyono Listiyono , Fakhruddin Muhammad
Published: November 2020

Metal cutting process (cutting process) is to cut metal to get the shape and size and quality of the planned cutting surface. The metal cutting process is carried out with special tools, according to the type of cutting process. So the tools for one process cannot be used in another process, even for similar processes, the tools cannot be exchanged if the cutting plans are not the same. Lathe process is a machining process to produce cylindrical machine parts which are carried out using a Lathe. Its basic form can be defined as the machining process of the outer surface of cylindrical or flat lathe objects. Polyvinyl Chloride, commonly abbreviated as PVC, is the third-order thermoplastic polymer in terms of total usage in the world, after Polyethylene (PE) and Polypropylene (PP). Worldwide, more than 50% of PVC produced is used in construction. PVC is produced by polymerizing vinyl chloride monomers (CH2 = CHCl). Because 57% of its mass is chlorine, PVC is the polymer that uses the lowest petroleum feedstock among other polymers. This research follows up the selection of configuration of the lathe machining process using plastic work pieces. In this study, Maximat V13 lathe and PVC type plastic were used. The variation of machining processes are spindle rotation (320, 540, and 900 rpm), feeding speed (0.07, 0.14, and 0.28), the use of tool types (carbide and HSS) and cooling (without cooling, coolant, and oil). So, with this research, it is expected that the optimal parameters in determining the configuration of the lathe machining process on a PVC work piece to produce a good turning surface can be achieved
DESIGNING EFL STUDENTS’ WORK SHEET BASED ON ISLAMIC VALUES AND CULTURE-RELATED CONTENT
Authors: Lastri Neti , Arizah Mila
Published: November 2020

The objectives of this research are to: 1) discover the learning needs and students’ needs of the eighth grade students of SMP Islam Terpadu Fathona Baturaja toward the learning source for reading text, 2) design the appropriate materials of English Reading textfor the eighth grade students of SMP Islam Terpadu Fathona Baturaja. To collect the data, the researcher used four instruments (documents, needs analysis questionnaire, expert judgment evaluation rubric, and satisfaction questionnaire). The methodology of this research was research and development (RnD). The participants were 16. They were given needs analysis questionnaire. The results of needs analysis were as the guideline to develop syllabi for the worksheet’s chapters. The first draft materials of product were evaluated by the experts. The results of expert judgment, for all aspects, had a mean score 1 which could be categorized as proper. There was only 1 aspect that was 0.82 which was proper too. The researcher then established the product to be evaluated by the English teachers. The results could be categorized as Very Good. The final product in the form of EFL Worksheet with the implementation of Islamic values and related culture for the eighth grade students of SMP Islam Terpadu Fathona Baturaja
Utility of Direct Fast Scarlet Staining in the Histopathological Diagnosis of Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Short Report
Authors: Tanaka Takuji , Watanabe Naoki , Kato Tomohiro , Aoki Ryogo , Ogiso Tomio , Sugiyama Akihiko , Tomita Eiichi
Published: November 2020

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), an atopic disease of the esophagus, has become increasingly recognized over the last 15 years. The epidemiology of EoE has now been reported from many countries around the world. While the clinical diagnosis of this disease depends on the patient’s clinical manifestations, the final diagnosis should be made based on the histopathological examination of esophageal mucosal biopsies. In the diagnosis of EoE, to facilitate the appropriate treatment of patients, it is extremely important to precisely recognize the presence of eosinophils in biopsy specimens of the esophageal mucosa. If eosinophils are present, EoE patients should be referred to an allergist for appropriate management with dietary modification, pharmacological agents (including corticosteroids), and/or mechanical dilation of the esophagus. We herein present and recommend the use of direct fast scarlet staining for the easy and precise recognition of eosinophils in biopsy specimens of the esophageal mucosa, a technique that has been routinely used in our laboratory.
Physical Fitness Levels among Colon Cancer Survivors with a Stoma: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Nakagawa Hiromi , Sasai Hiroyuki , Tanaka Kiyoji
Published: November 2020

Background and Objectives: Stoma surgery is linked to reduced physical activity in colon cancer survivors and leads to decreased physical fitness, activity of daily living dysfunction, and poorer quality of life. However, few studies have investigated the physical fitness levels of colon cancer survivors living with stomas. This study aimed to compare the physical fitness levels of colon cancer survivors with stomas and healthy adults, assessing them in a variety of dimensions (e.g., strength and flexibility) and in terms of physical fitness age (PFA), an integrated index of overall fitness. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 17 colon cancer survivors with (stoma group) and 20 healthy adults without (control group) a stoma. Physical fitness was assessed using a battery of five tests: repeated back-and-forth steps, 30-s chair stand, chair sit-and-reach, grip strength, and single-leg balance with eyes closed. Respective performance values were converted into PFA, which was compared between the stoma and control groups. Fitness indicators were compared between groups by analysis of covariance, and PFA and chronological age (CA) by paired t-tests. Results: The mean ages (±standard deviation) of the stoma and control groups were 74.1 ± 7.9 and 73.5 ± 7.1 years, respectively. Colon cancer survivors with stomas had poorer lower limb muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility than controls. In the stoma group, the marginal mean (±standard error) PFA was calculated to be 82.5 ± 3.7 years, significantly higher than the CA and PFA of the control group (69.6 ± 3.9 years). Conclusions: Colon cancer survivors with stomas have lower physical fitness levels than healthy adults, with apparent deficits in lower limb flexibility, muscular strength, and endurance. Our findings demonstrated the need for exercise interventions in this population, focusing on these dimensions of fitness. However, our results should be corroborated by means of a larger-scale comparison in future studies.
The Preventive Effect of Dietary Antioxidants on Cervical Cancer Development
Authors: Ono Ayumi , Koshiyama Masafumi , Nakagawa Miwa , Watanabe Yumiko , Ikuta Eri , Seki Keiko , Oowaki Makiko
Published: November 2020

Cervical cancer results from a continuous process, starting from a normal cervical epithelium after human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and progressing to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), before finally developing into invasive squamous carcinoma (ISC). In recent decades, dietary antioxidants, such as vitamins, have received much attention in relation to cancer prevention. We reviewed the relevant literature to investigate the dietary and nutrient intake on cervical cancer. The intake of vitamins A and D and carotenoids may inhibit early cervical cancer development. The intake of folate may prevent or inhibit HPV infection rom progressing to various grades of CIN. The intake of vitamins C and E may widely inhibit the process of cervical cancer development. Polyphenols are often used in cases of cervical cancer in combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Regarding nutrients, different antioxidants may have differing abilities to intervene in the natural history of cervical diseases associated with HPV infection. Regarding foods, the intake of both vegetables and fruits containing multiple vitamins may widely suppress cervical cancer development. Most previous papers have described epidemiological studies. Thus, further research using in vitro and in vivo approaches will be needed to clarify the effects of the dietary and nutrient intake in detail.
The New Frontier: Religion in America’s National Space Rhetoric of the Cold War Era
Authors: Swanson Glen E.
Published: November 2020

The origins and use of national space rhetoric used by NASA, the US government, and the media in America began during the Cold War era and relied, in part, on religious imagery to convey a message of exploration and conquest. The concept of space as a “New Frontier” was used in political speech, television, and advertising to reawaken a sense of manifest destiny in postwar America by reviving notions of religious freedom, courage, and exceptionalism—the same ideals that originally drove expansionist boosters first to the New World and then to the West. Using advertisements, political speeches, NASA documents, and other media, this paper will demonstrate how this rhetoric served to reinforce a culture held by many Americans who maintained a long tradition of believing that they were called on by God to settle New Frontiers and how this culture continues to influence how human spaceflight is portrayed today.
Exploring the psychometric properties of the Working Alliance Inventory in general practice: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hunik Liesbeth , Galvin Shelley , olde Hartman Tim , Rieger Elizabeth , Lucassen Peter , Douglas Kirsty , Boeckxstaens Pauline , Sturgiss Elizabeth
Published: November 2020

Background

The therapeutic alliance is a framework from psychology that describes three components: goals, tasks, and bond. The Working Alliance Inventory adapted for general practice (WAI-GP) measures the strength of the therapeutic alliance between the patient and the clinician, and it could be useful in both research and clinical settings.

Aim

To determine if the patient score on WAI-GP can delineate the three components (goals, tasks, and bond), and to test concurrent validity with the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) measure and the Patient Perception of Patient-Centredness (PPPC) measure.

Design & setting

A cross-sectional study took place in 12 general practice waiting rooms in Australia.

Method

The research instruments included the 12-item WAI-GP (the patient version), the CARE and PPPC measures, plus a survey of demographics and reason for consultation. To perform a principal components factor analysis of the WAI-GP, this dataset was combined with an existing dataset. The Spearman rank correlation was used to determine concurrent validity between the WAI-GP and the CARE and PPPC measures.

Results

Participants (97–99%) reported a strong positive alliance after the consultation (average WAI-GP mean 4.27 ± 0.67 out of 5, n = 146). Factor analysis could not separate the three components (one factor, eigenvalue >1; Cronbach’s α = 0.957; n = 281). Concurrent validity was supported by moderate correlations with the other measures (PPPC ρ = –0.51, P<0.005, CARE ρ = 0.56, P<0.005).

Conclusion

Three components could not be identified, but the WAI-GP has a high internal consistency and concurrent validity with moderate correlations with the CARE and PPPC. A more diverse sample may better distinguish the three components leading to more specific feedback to clinicians on their consultation practices.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A LIGHT, COLORS AND A SPACE IN URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Dudchenko M. , Mironenko O. , Milavski S.
Published: November 2020

In the condition of rapid development of the Urban science, the problem of the formation of the lighting and colour of urban environment city, relationship between a lighting-colour combination and the followings: urban development, landscape and a human impact takes place.

Each space and visual objects can be perceived only through the light. Without lighting, it is impossible to see the surrounding space. In the architecture and design the lighting environment should be part of the city and the goal is to organically fit into this image.

Methodological basis of this study is the problem of the lighting-colour combinations and effect of them on the urban space form, as well as the perception of this space by subjects under different conditions

Year by year Lighting solutions are developed intensively; the new techniques for creation an extraordinary lighting image of the urban environment and its constituent objects are used. For different city regions, the own lighting style is developed.

The main objective of architectures and designers for nowadays and for the future is the creating an expressive visual and artistic image of the city, harmoniously combining the styles of buildings and the features of urban spaces.

Result of this study: the perception of light, colour and space is individual and requires more deep study by the specialists.
Brucella, un genre bactérien en expansion : nouvelles espèces, nouveaux réservoirs
Authors: Ponsart Claire , Freddi Luca , Ferreira Vicente Acacia , Djokic Vitomir , Jay Marine , Zanella Gina , Girault Guillaume
Published: November 2020

Au cours des vingt dernières années, le nombre d’espèces du genre Brucella a doublé, avec l’identification de six espèces bactériennes et l’élargissement du spectre d’hôtes chez les mammifères (babouins, renards, mammifères marins) et de façon plus surprenante, chez plusieurs espèces d’anoures. L’étude phénotypique de ces espèces bactériennes montre des caractéristiques parfois originales (réactions négatives à l’oxydase), des courbes de croissance différentes et des capacités de survie améliorées dans certains environnements appauvris en nutriments ou en milieu acide. Cet article présente les connaissances acquises récemment sur ces espèces et notamment, les investigations réalisées chez les anoures, premier réservoir non mammifère hébergeant des bactéries de ce genre et associé à quelques rares infections humaines.
Scalable In-Database Machine Learning for the Prediction of Port-to-Port Routes
Authors: Marten Dennis , Hilgenfeld Carsten , Heuer Andreas
Published: November 2020

The correct prediction of subsequential port-to-port routes plays an integral part in maritime logistics and is therefore essential for many further tasks like accurate predictions of the estimated time of arrival. In this paper we present a scalable AI-based approach to predict upcoming port destinations from vessels based on historical AIS data. The presented method is mainly intended as a fill in for cases where the AIS destination entry of a vessel is not interpretable. We describe how one can build a stable and efficient in-database AI solution built on Markov models that are suited for massively parallel prediction tasks with high accuracy. The presented research is part of the PRESEA project (“Real-time based maritime traffic forecast”).
Developing the Transport Infrastructure of Central and Eastern Europe With a View to the Region's Convergence
Authors: Novoszath Peter
Published: November 2020

The purpose of my study is to what extent EU co-financing projects have helped to bring the transport infrastructure of Central and Eastern Europe closer to the more developed countries. I will evaluate projects implemented in the CEF Transport Program in CEE countries on the basis of my research. A further aim of my paper is to respond to dilemmas of what is more worthwhile to develop super railways or airports in the region.
Effect of storage and frying times on stability of acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in fresh and frozen curry puff skins
Authors: Ridzal Rasyiqah , Abd-Talib Norfahana , Yaji Emmy Liza Anak , Len Kelly Yong Tau , Razali Nadia , Pa'ee Khairul Faizal
Published: November 2020

Acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are potential compounds that are known to be neurotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic when exposed to humans. These components are formed during Maillard reaction at which sugar is reduced and specific amino acids react at high temperature, and thus producing brown colour and flavour in food. Therefore, the aim of this study was to observe the formation level of acrylamide and HMF in fresh and frozen curry puff skins. This study investigated the effects of frozen storage and frying times on the formation of acrylamide and HMF in curry puff skin. Frozen curry puff skins were stored at -18°C for 0, 7, 14, and 28 days. The curry puff skins were fried at 180 °C for 2, 3, 5, and 7 min. Before that, the frozen curry puff skins were thawed at room temperature for 2 h. The changes in colour, moisture, and texture were measured as indicators to Maillard reaction. Frozen curry puff skins reduced the level of acrylamide and HMF to 70 % and 50 %, respectively after 28 days of storage. The colour development of frozen curry puff skins demonstrated less vividness as the storage time increased as compared to fresh curry puff skins. The fresh and frozen curry puff skins exhibited similar firmness and texture profile with no significant differences during the 4 weeks of storage.
Modified shell technique for vertical ridge augmentation - Case report
Authors: Solanki Ankit , Phadnaik Mangesh , Shirude Tushar , Naik Divya
Published: November 2020

Purpose: The placement of an implant is hindered by the absence of an adequate volume of bone. Vertical ridge augmentation is one of the most difficult and unpredictable procedures. The purpose of this report is to present a clinical case of vertical ridge reconstruction around a single tooth with a slight variation in the described ‘modified shell technique’.
Case report: the patient had presented with 8.5mm vertical ridge deficiency in the region of central incisor #21. An autogenous graft was harvested from the symphysis. The cortical plate was thinned into the shell and divided into two parts to be placed on both buccal and lingual aspects. They were secured at the desired location using titanium screw as the traction screw since there was a lack of availability of the native bone. Remarkable vertical augmentation of the alveolar bone with minimal bone resorption was noticed on re-entry at 6months.
Conclusions: This technique shows an alternate method of vertical augmentation over a small edentulous span presenting minimal amount of bone remaining to secure the grafting material.
Mandibular dentigerous cyst: Enucleation and bone reconstruction – Case report
Authors: Duarte Fernando , Ramos Carina
Published: November 2020

Purpose: The dentigerous cyst is the second most common odontogenic cyst in the jaws. These lesions are observed in routine examinations. The third molars and maxillary canines are the most affected teeth. Definition of marsupialization and enucleation techniques as well as consideration of important objective criteria for the treatment plan like cyst size, age, and proximity to anatomical structures, clinical importance of the tooth or teeth associated with the lesion and risk of bone fracture. This paper will present a case report treated by maneuver of decompression followed by enucleation and bone reconstruction.
Case report: A 43-year-old female patient, Caucasian, attended the Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery consultation at Clitrofa - Centro Médico, Dentário e Cirúrgico, in Trofa - Portugal, to assess extraction of 3.8 and 4.8. On intraoral physical examination, a slight bulging of the cortical bone was noted in the region of the left external oblique line. Aspiration puncture was performed and a small amount of light-yellow liquid confirmed the cystic nature of the lesion. In a second stage, osteotomy through piezoelectric surgery was performed. The cystic capsule was excised together with the extraction of tooth 3.8 included and tooth 3.7. Bone regeneration was performed. The material obtained from the cystic cavity was sent for pathological examination, confirming the diagnosis of dentigerous cyst. During observation of the patient for twelve months, no hypoesthesia or any sign of recurrence of the lesion was observed.
Conclusion: The technique preserved the neurosensory function and was effective for the enucleation and reconstruction of the lesion. Despite the clinical peculiarities of each case and the chosen treatment method, the prognosis of these lesions is favourable when appropriate therapy is used.
Resorbable membrane of polyethylene glycol in Wistar rats for guided bone regeneration - Experimental study
Authors: Almeida e Sousa João , Correia Francisco , Escobar Tiago , Portela Ana , Ramalho Vasconcelos Mario , Faria Almeida Ricardo
Published: November 2020

Purpose: The aim of the present study was (1) to test whether or not the application of an in situ formed synthetic hydrogel, made of polyethylene glycol (PEG) used as a resorbable membrane for guided bone regeneration, will result in more amount of bone regeneration compared with an uncovered defect and (2) to evaluate if it can prevent the soft-tissue ingrowth into alveolar defects.
Materials and Methods: Two critical size defects were created in seven Wistar rats. In the right side, an in situ formed hydrogel PEG membrane (Straumann MembraGel) was applied into the defect and the left one was kept empty as a control. After 60 days, animals were sacrificed and the calvarial bone was removed. The area of newly formed bone was determined by histomorphometrical analysis. For statistical analysis, the Mann-Whitney-U test was applied to model the amount of new bone formation.
Results: The quantitative histomorphometric analysis obtained a percentage of newly formed bone for the test defects of 61,8% +/-22,2% and 53,8% +/-22,9% in the control group. The observed differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusions
The experimental PEG membrane was biocompatible and prevented soft-tissue ingrowth. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups.
Analisis Budget Kas Dalam Meningkatkan Likuiditas dan Profitabilitas Perusahaan
Authors: Elaksmi Lydia Resti , Djuharni Darti
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study  to find out how the cash budget implementation at metal company UD Lancar Jaya, Tulungagung in increasing liquidity and profitability. The research method used is case study research. The researcher conducts financial ratio analysis consisting of analysis of liquidity and profitability through financial statements, namely the income statement and balance sheet for 2015-2017 and prepares financial report projections in 2018. The analysis shows that the company faces the problem that is  using inefficient funds
KONVERGENSI IFRS, KUALITAS AUDIT, DAN MANAJEMEN LABA
Authors: Ramadhani Fitri , Damayanti Theresia Woro
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyzed how the IFRS convergence influence earnings management with audit quality as a moderating variable. The study was conducted on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2008-2018 obtained using the purposive sampling method. The results of the study using panel data analysis showed that IFRS convergence negatively and significantly affected earnings management.This shows that the convergence of IFRS has an impact on the decline in earnings management practices. However, this study failed to prove audit quality as a moderating variable.
PERSEPSI WAJIB PAJAK TERHADAP CITRA PERPAJAKAN INDONESIA SETELAH FENOMENA KASUS KORUPSI PAJAK
Authors: Sari Dian Purnama
Published: November 2020

This study aims to understand the perception of taxpayers after corruption cases involving tax officials in Indonesia. This research uses Mixed Method. Beginning with the PLS test which shows that perceptions of taxpayers have a negative effect on taxpayer obedience. Furthermore, phenomenology is used to further reveal taxpayer compliance. The result there are 3 understandings, namely (1) The image of Indonesian taxation has deteriorated, such as "has fallen on the stairs"; (2) The phenomenon of corruption cases by tax officials opens the eyes of taxpayers and impacts the behavior of taxpayers; and (3) Understanding that Tax, between the state and God. This study also shows that the perception of the Indonesian people about the world of taxation before the existence of corruption cases has been bad and after the emergence of corruption cases taxpayers are increasingly open to the world of Indonesian taxation. A bad perception does not necessarily make taxpayers disobedient , because taxpayers still have the desire to follow the orders of the State and God
MAKNA BONUS BAGI PENGEMUDI TRANSPORTASI ONLINE
Authors: Djuharni Darti , Pangesti Wilujheng Dwi
Published: November 2020

The interpretive paradigm used in this study is intended to uncover the meaning of bonuses for online transportation drivers. The existence of benefits felt by the community towards the existence of online transportation, encourages researchers to study it further. Nine online transportation drivers in Malang were used as informants in this study. Interviews were conducted based on the willingness of the drivers and conducted while the person was waiting for the order. Based on the results of the analysis that has been done, the meaning of bonuses revealed in this study are: Fulfillment of Basic Needs, Performance Enhancement, Fulfillment of Safety and Comfort, and Existence of Achievement Assessment
Electromagnetic Radiation Safety: Russian National and International Regulatory Frameworks for Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields
Authors: Grigoriev OA , Nikitina VN , Nosov VN , Pekin AV , Alekseeva VA , Dubrovskaya EN
Published: November 2020

Summary. Introduction: Today, the growing human exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields is of serious concern to the population and the international scientific community. Sources of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in residential areas include mobile radio base stations, signal repeaters, wireless broadband access points, TV and radio transmitters, satellite earth stations, radar and radio relay stations. Launching of 5G mobile networks will further complicate the electromagnetic situation in inhabited areas, especially in megacities where the size of exposed population is the largest. In the system of measures contributing to protection of the population from adverse health effects of electromagnetic fields, standards (regulations and other documents establishing electromagnetic fields permissible levels) play a significant role and lay the foundation for organizational and technical measures of protection. High importance of standards in ensuring electromagnetic safety served as the basis for our study. The objective of the study was to perform a comparative analysis of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields standards for inhabited areas and approaches to setting electromagnetic fields exposure levels adopted by different countries and international organizations. Methods: We reviewed of some aspects of biological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, regulations setting electromagnetic fields exposure limits in different countries and recommended by ICNIRP, and approaches to establishing those limits. Conclusions: We found a significant discrepancy in radiofrequency electromagnetic fields limits adopted in different countries, the legal status and scope of regulatory documents. Differences in the methodology for the development, adoption and approval of electromagnetic fields standard accompanied by differences in their legal status prevent uniform EMF standard setting.
Production Control as a Component of Drinking Water Quality Monitoring
Authors: Myasnikov IO , Novikova YuA , Alenteva OS , Yeremin GB , Ganichev PA
Published: November 2020

Summary. Introduction: In order to conduct a more precise and objective assessment of drinking water quality in the centralized cold water supply systems, it is essential to increase the coverage of population with laboratory control. It is therefore expedient to consider the possibility of using production control data collected within the drinking water quality monitoring system and including them in statistical reporting forms of Rospotrebnadzor for subsequent accounting when assessing the implementation of the Russian Federal Clean Water Project within the National Ecology Project. Our objective was to substantiate requirements for organization of production control of drinking water with considering a further use of its results in assessing drinking water quality. The materials of the research included current regulations and literature data. We applied methods of sanitary and epidemiologic expert examination, assessment and survey as well as methods of systemic and content analysis. Results: To evaluate the supply of the population with high-quality drinking water, it is important to consider not only test results collected within the framework of the federal state sanitary and epidemiologic surveillance but also the results of production control carried out by legal entities and individual entrepreneurs operating centralized cold water supply systems. However, organization of production control and the use of its results is usually associated with such problems as the choice of the most representative sampling points, identification of a sufficient list of controlled indicators, quality of results, etc. Conclusions: Before including the results of drinking water quality production control in the drinking water quality monitoring system, it is necessary to set the requirements for selecting monitoring sites, analytes, frequency of testing, etc. To legitimize the use of production control results, it is important to develop regulations that oblige organizations carrying out production control of drinking water quality to submit their results to Rospotrebnadzor bodies and institutions for their use in comprehensive drinking water quality assessments.
NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF SOLUBLE SOLIDS CONTENT IN CERASUS HUMILIS USING VISIBLE / NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY COUPLED WITH WAVELENGTH SELECTION ALGORITHM
Authors: Wang Bin , He Junlin , Zhang Shujuan , Li Lili
Published: November 2020

Soluble solids content (SSC) is one of the most important quality attributes affecting the taste and maturity of fresh fruit. In this study, with the cerasus humilis fruit as the research object, a prediction model of soluble solid content (SSC) in cerasus humilis (CH) is established based on visible / near-infrared spectroscopy to explore a nondestructive testing method of the interior quality of CH. The visible / near-infrared spectral info (350-2500nm) of 160 CHs was collected to extract the reflection spectrum, establishing the linear model (PLSR) and non-linear model (LS-SVM) of CH’s spectral info and SSC. The prediction performance and stability of the model were justified using several statistical indicators namely correlation coefficient of the prediction set (Rp), the root mean square error of the prediction set (RMSEP), and the residual predictive deviation (RPD) index. Results showed that multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) was proved to be the best preprocessing method, UVE-CARS was the optimal method of dimension reduction, the quantities of characteristic wavelengths was 10 and the optimal model was UVE-CARS-PLSR, in which Rc is 0.8995, Rp is 0.8579, RMSEC is 0.8897, RMSEP is 0.9059, and RPD is 1.8766, indicating that the redundant data of the original spectrum can be reduced, the wavelength dimensions can be reduced, valid info can be retained and data processing can be simplified as UVE-CARS extracts characteristic wavelengths. Reference and theoretical basis are provided in this research for future research and development of portable detector and online sorting detection of CH internal quality.
RAPID DESIGN OF MAIZE EAR HARVESTER HEADER BASED
ON KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING
Authors: Jianjian Tai , Haitao Li , Yuefeng Du , Enrong Mao , Junnan Zhang , Xinjiani Long
Published: November 2020

In the design process of maize combine harvester in China, there are characteristics of customization and high demand for diversification. Aiming at the problems of long design and development cycle, the structural design method of maize combine harvester header based on knowledge engineering is put forward, and the header of maize combine harvester is designed rapidly. Firstly, based on the design standards and specifications of agricultural machinery, the general design process of maize ear harvester header is determined. Secondly, according to the design knowledge and experience, the design method of the core parts of the header is determined, and an example model is established. Finally, based on the platform of MFC and Creo, integrating the design knowledge base, inference engine and parametric model, a rapid design system of maize ear harvester header is constructed. The rapid design of maize ear harvester header is realized, and the design and development efficiency of maize ear harvester header is improved so as to provide technical reference and support for improving the intelligent level of typical complex agricultural machinery equipment in China.
ATOMIZATION CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAT FAN NOZZLES FOR PRECISION PESTICIDE APPLICATION AT LOW PRESSURES
Authors: Li Shougen , Wang Yaxiong , Chen Chongchong , Kang Feng , Li Wenbin
Published: November 2020

At present, the theory of precision pesticide application in agriculture and forestry has some shortcomings. Therefore, the Phase Doppler Interferometer (PDI) was used to establish the atomization model of three common brands (Lechler, Teejet and Feizhuo) flat fan nozzles in near fog field (0.3-0.5m) at low pressure (0.20-0.30mPa). The results show that the average absolute errors of droplet velocity of three brands of nozzles are 0.629, 0.521 and 0.684 m/s respectively, and the relative errors are 9.22, 9.60 and 11.89%, respectively. The average absolute errors of theoretical data of droplet size are 17.821, 13.801 and 22.140 μ m, and the relative errors are 8.40, 5.82 and 11.67%, respectively. The experimental theoretical model has high reliability. In addition, the results show that the droplet velocity and particle size increase with the increase of the equivalent diameter of the nozzle outlet. With the increase of spray angle, droplet velocity and particle size decrease gradually, and the rate of velocity decrease gradually. The research results are of great significance to further analyse the atomization characteristics of flat fan nozzle and guide the precise application of pesticide.
DEVELOPMENT AND TEST OF SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR COMBINE HARVESTER THRESHING AND CLEANING DEVICE
Authors: Guan Zhuohuai , Zhang Zhou , Jiang Tao , Li Ying , Wu Chongyou , Mu Senlin
Published: November 2020

Aiming at real time rotation speed control of threshing drum and cleaning fan for combine harvester, a stepless speed regulation mechanism was developed. Test show that the adjustable range of fan was 600～1150 r/min, average adjustment speed was 9.2 r/s, the absolute error of stable speed was less than 0.72 r/min. The average speed response time was 1.33s, the overshoot was less than 8 r/s. The adjustable range of the drum was 700～1100 r/min and the average adjustment speed was 2.1 r/s. The absolute error of stable speed did not exceed 0.62 r/min, and the maximum relative deviation was 0.38%