bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovations de rupture : enjeux et défis pour la souveraineté française
Authors: Hoez Cyrille
Published: September 2021

Dans un contexte d’instabilité géostratégique accrue, notre capacité à anticiper les ruptures sera décisive pour conserver notre statut de puissance mondiale et défendre notre autonomie stratégique. Parmi les nombreuses technologies émergentes, peu en réalité sont en mesure de générer une rupture à l’échelle stratégique. À l’instar des armements hypervéloces et de l’IA, les technologies quantiques font office d’exception et, de manière certaine, constitueront un nouveau déterminant de puissance dans un futur proche. Il est donc vital que les armées s’engagent dans la compétition pour la maîtrise de ces technologies. Dans cette course, la France n’a pas encore décroché mais l’investissement à consentir pour éviter le déclassement est colossal.
Vers une médecine fondée sur l’idée de santé planétaire
Authors: Gaille-Nikodimov Marie
Published: September 2021

Dans cet article, nous explorons la manière dont la médecine contemporaine est confrontée aux enjeux de santé environnementale. Tout en considérant le fait que le professionnel de santé, avec pour objectif d’agir au profit de la santé humaine, ne peut répondre seul à ces enjeux, nous nous interrogeons sur les modalités de son action et l’orientation à donner à la médecine. Nous analysons des éléments de réponse formulés à ce sujet au regard des impacts sanitaires du réchauffement climatique. Puis, nous examinons dans quelle mesure la médecine ne pourrait être amenée à réorienter son action sur la base d’une conception écologique de la santé. Nous formulons à ce titre l’hypothèse du nécessaire passage à une médecine fondée sur l’idée de santé planétaire.
Effets bénéfiques de l’environnement sur la santé en site urbain
Authors: Zmirou-Navier Denis
Published: September 2021

L’environnement est un important déterminant de la santé. Cet article expose comment un habitat de qualité, des espaces verts ou des espaces bleus en ville peuvent être favorables à la santé et au bien-être physique, mental et social des habitants. Il souligne en conclusion que des politiques urbaines visant à renforcer ces impacts bénéfiques doivent être attentives à la répartition spatiale équilibrée de ces aménités environnementales.
Impacts des pressions environnementales et des changements climatiques sur la propagation des maladies infectieuses et sur la vulnérabilité des populations
Authors: Denys Sébastien , Barouki Robert
Published: September 2021

L’apparition d’épidémies infectieuses est la résultante d’une dynamique complexe influencée à la fois par des conditions environnementales propices au développement et à la propagation des agents infectieux et par les modifications technologiques, sociales et démographiques qui se multiplient. Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser ces interactions sous deux angles. Le premier est celui qui considère la dynamique globale du cycle épidémique et interroge, en particulier, l’impact de l’activité humaine sur l’émergence et la propagation des épidémies. Le second concerne les interactions entre certaines pressions qui s’exercent sur l’environnement et la vulnérabilité accrue des populations aux épidémies infectieuses. Cette analyse plaide pour renforcer les actions qui intègrent protection de l’environnement, durabilité de nos modes de production et qualité de la relation à la nature. Cette intégration se traduira par des co-bénéfices majeurs pour la santé publique et la santé globale.
Pollution atmosphérique et infections virales
Authors: Boczkowski Jorge
Published: September 2021

La pollution de l’air ‒ ou pollution atmosphérique ‒ est une modification de la composition de l’air par des polluants nuisibles à la santé et à l’environnement ; elle constitue la plus grande cause environnementale de maladies et de décès prématurés dans le monde actuel. Négligée initialement car considérée comme un effet adverse de la pollution atmosphérique, la relation entre la pollution et la survenue et/ou la sévérité d’infections respiratoires est devenue ces dernières années une préoccupation croissante en santé publique. En ce qui concerne les infections virales, qui constituent une majorité des infections respiratoires, différentes études montrent que leur incidence et/ou leur sévérité peuvent être corrélées aux concentrations des polluants atmosphériques, tels que le dioxyde d’azote (NO 2 ), l’ozone (O 3 ) et les particules. Les mécanismes sous-jacents ne sont pas complètement élucidés à l’heure actuelle, ils font probablement intervenir une facilitation de la transmission des virus et/ou une susceptibilité accrue aux effets des virus. Bien que d’autres études soient nécessaires pour mieux comprendre ces phénomènes, les données disponibles doivent inciter la prise de mesures pour diminuer la concentration des polluants dans l’air afin de contrer la surmortalité liée à la pollution, y compris les infections virales.
Le profil des entreprises cibles d’OPA : une revue de la littérature
Authors: Meghouar Hicham , Ibrahimi Mohammed
Published: September 2021

Notre étude dresse un état des lieux des travaux consacrés aux caractéristiques des firmes cibles d’OPA. Il est déduit qu’il n’y a pas un profil type de ces firmes, mais plusieurs profils dans la mesure où ces dernières ont été acquises pour des motivations distinctes, lors de vagues de F&A différentes, et que chaque vague est particulière par ses caractéristiques. En outre, il ressort selon des études récentes que les variables financières de marché pourraient être plus prédictives que les variables comptables en matière de repérage des cibles d’OPA.
Départ à la retraite : mesure des différentes intentions de retraite dans le contexte des cadres français
Authors: Lahlouh Khaled , Huaman-Ramirez Richard
Published: September 2021

L’objectif de cette recherche est de proposer des outils de mesure des différentes intentions de retraite. Pour ce faire, deux études ont été réalisées. Dans un premier temps, l’étude qualitative par entretiens semi-directifs nous a permis de mieux comprendre le phénomène étudié dans le contexte français. Les résultats démontrent que les cadres seniors français expriment l’intention d’occuper un emploi pont dans le même domaine de carrière ou celle de se retirer définitivement de l’emploi. Ensuite, à travers une étude quantitative réalisée par questionnaires auprès de 355 cadres seniors, nous avons vérifié la structure, la fiabilité ainsi que les différents types de validité.
Quelle structuration de la démarche de Développement Durable-Responsabilité Sociale (DD-RS) à l’université ? L’exemple des universités françaises
Authors: Petitjean Jean-Luc , Ory Jean-Francis , Côme Thierry
Published: September 2021

L’article est basé sur une enquête portant sur la structuration de la démarche de développement durable et responsabilité sociale (DD-RS) dans les universités françaises. Il s’appuie sur la théorie de la structuration et la Théorie Néo-Institutionnelle pour construire un cadre conceptuel à la structuration de cette mission. Ce dernier est confronté à la pratique des établissements et débouche sur une typologie fondée sur le rôle de l’implication politique, de la culture du pilotage et des isomorphismes. La discussion autour de cette typologie, à partir d’une ACM montrant l’existence de groupes homogènes d’universités quant à leur structuration d’une démarche DD-RS, permet d’affiner le rôle de chacun des facteurs du modèle conceptuel.
Post-Truth is an Assertion Crisis
Authors: Engel Pascal
Published: September 2021

On essaie ici de defendre l’idée que la production de foutaise est responsable en grande partie, et peut être centrale pour ce que nous appelons la post-vérité. La production de foutaise est basée sur l’attitude qui consiste à ignorer les normes de l‘assertion. Les conséquences de l’extension de cette attitude peuvent expliquer le défiance et le mépris pour la vérité et a connaissance qui envahissent nos sociétés, quand bien même on les appelle des « sociétés de connaissance ».
Accueil des femmes en demande d’asile et formation en travail social
Authors: Mikanga Emmanuelle
Published: September 2021

Cet article, en prenant appui sur un atelier thématique sur la question de l’accueil et de l’accompagnement des femmes en demande d’asile destiné à des étudiant·e·s en travail social, propose une première réflexion sur les apports théoriques et expérientiels partagés dans ce contexte. Il s’intéresse aux dilemmes éthiques et aux paradoxes pratiques auxquels elle·il·s sont confronté·e·s dans leurs pratiques professionnelles au cours de leur dernière année de formation.
Prioritization in wildfire restoration using GIS-based ordered weighted averaging (OWA): A case study in southern California
Authors: Noth Tanner ,   Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada, Rinner Claus
Published: September 2021

Wildfires are a prevalent natural disaster that can significantly impact human populations and result in considerable losses. With a changing climate, wildfires in many countries have increased in intensity and frequency, making effective restoration efforts in affected areas crucial. This paper aims to evaluate the efficacy of ordered weighted averaging (OWA), a GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis technique, in identifying priority areas for wildfire restoration. A case study using the 2009 Station Fire in California is presented, using the restoration criteria of slope, erodibility, proximity to forest cover, and proximity to surface water. By applying both importance and order weights, multiple OWA decision strategies with varying risk levels were examined. Different strategies greatly influence the spatial distribution of land considered high and low priority for wildfire restoration, each with varying levels of trade off. In the OWA decision space, placing full emphasis on the highest (best) values (using the risk-taking OR operator) or the lowest values (using the risk-averse AND operator) resulted in composite priority maps that cannot be recommended for practical use. More nuanced scenarios are achieved with the OWA operators representing a range of compromise decision strategies between these extremes. The OWA technique in GIS can thus help to explore the impact of decision-makers' risk attitudes in a wildfire restoration setting.
A class of hypersurfaces in $ \mathbb{E}^{n+1}_{s} $ satisfying $ \Delta \vec{H} = \lambda\vec{H} $
Authors: Yang Dan ,   School of Mathematics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110044, China, Yu Jinchao , Zhang Jingjing , Zhu Xiaoying ,   School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
Published: September 2021

A nondegenerate hypersurface in a pseudo-Euclidean space $ \mathbb{E}^{n+1}_{s} $ is called to have proper mean curvature vector if its mean curvature $ \vec{H} $ satisfies $ \Delta \vec{H} = \lambda \vec{H} $ for a constant $ \lambda $. In 2013, Arvanitoyeorgos and Kaimakamis conjectured [1]: any hypersurface satisfying $ \Delta \vec{H} = \lambda \vec{H} $ in pseudo-Euclidean space $ \mathbb E_{s}^{n+1} $ has constant mean curvature. This paper will give further support evidences to this conjecture by proving that a linear Weingarten hypersurface $ M^{n}_{r} $ in $ \mathbb E^{n+1}_{s} $ satisfying $ \Delta \vec{H} = \lambda \vec{H} $ has constant mean curvature if $ M^{n}_{r} $ has diagonalizable shape operator with less than seven distinct principal curvatures.
Modelización por diferencias finitas aplicada a la interpretación del agrietamiento asistido por hidrógeno utilizando ensayos virtuales de tracción a baja velocidad de deformación
Authors: Artola Garikoitz , Aldazabal Javier
Published: September 2021

Se han observado distintos patrones de agrietamiento inducido por hidrógeno en dos aceros pertenecientes al mismo grado para el fondeo de estructuras offshore, cuando son ensayados a tracción a baja velocidad de deformación. Se plantea la hipótesis de que este comportamiento se debe a diferencias en la capacidad de atrape de hidrógeno de ambos aceros. De cara a evaluar la factibilidad de esta hipótesis se propone utilizar una nueva estrategia de modelización mediante diferencias finitas. El modelo está diseñado para emular el efecto del hidrógeno difusible y el hidrógeno atrapado en la nucleación y el crecimiento de grietas durante los ensayos referidos y, en consecuencia, durante la vida en servicio. El efecto de las diferencias en la capacidad de atrape de hidrógeno se ha simulado utilizando el modelo de tensión-difusión-resistencia propuesto. En las simulaciones, un mayor contenido en trampas de hidrógeno ha dado lugar a una menor densidad de grietas, mientras que la ausencia de trampas ha dado lugar a una menor densidad de grietas. Estos resultados se alienan con la hipótesis de partida, dado que las variaciones en capacidad de atrape han modificado el número de grietas nucleadas.
Arab American Adolescents’ Responses to Perceived Discrimination: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Balaghi Danielle , Oka Evelyn , Carter Andrews Dorinda
Published: September 2021

Racial discrimination is on the rise in the United States. Arab American Muslims is one group that has experienced an increase in perceived racial discrimination. Even less is known about Arab American Muslim Adolescents experiences of coping when faced with racial discrimination.  This study aims to highlight the lived experiences of Arab American adolescents’ perceived racial discrimination as it relates to their coping experiences. There were 10 (female=5; male=5) Arab American youth ages 13-17 and identified as Muslim. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling. Using a phenomenological approach, data were collected using semi-structured individual interviews and online journals. Validity was assessed via member checks and triangulation of data using multiple participants and sources.  The data were analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis, guided by Risk and Resilience theory and Critical Race Theory. Results highlighted three positive and three negative ways participants experienced coping to perceived racial discrimination. Implications of this study can aid psychologists in promoting positive responses to racial discrimination while also helping students recognize negative responses. Understanding the way an adolescent responds provides better insight into their psychological well-being.
Vivre de la musique à Rome au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Oriol Élodie
Published: September 2021

Consacré à l’étude des métiers de la musique à Rome au XVIIIe siècle, l’ouvrage s’inscrit dans une perspective d’histoire sociale. Il offre au lecteur un panorama des lieux et des institutions liés à la pratique de la musique, des chapelles aux théâtres en passant par les palais aristocratiques et les places publiques. À l’appui d’une documentation diversifiée, l’auteure met en lumière les spécificités structurelles de la vie musicale romaine et les ressorts de son attractivité. Nourrie des acquis récents de l’histoire du travail et de l’histoire des pratiques culturelles, l’approche associe des analyses quantitatives et des reconstitutions de parcours individuels afin de comprendre comment les cadres institutionnels et sociaux de la pratique musicale ont conditionné les carrières des musiciens et des musiciennes. L’étude des rivalités et des fortes disparités économiques, sociales et symboliques observées dans ce milieu professionnel apporte une contribution à la connaissance des transformations sociales et artistiques du XVIIIe siècle. En variant les échelles d’observation, les évolutions qui ont marqué cette période sont éclairées, tant du point de vue des productions culturelles et de leur consommation que des pratiques artistiques et des positionnements sociaux.
“Tudo por aí morava gente nossa!” Os usos e os lugares da memória territorial nos processos de constituição da identidade étnica nos Quilombos do Rio Andirá, fronteira Amazonas/Pará
Authors: Rocha João Marinho da
Published: September 2021

Este texto versa sobre as inúmeras formas de produção e usos políticos das memórias territoriais no movimento de luta quilombola do rio Andirá (2005-2018). É um aspecto de pesquisa de doutorado que analisou a relação entre os processos de construção da identidade étnica e as territorialidades quilombolas. Pautou-se na história social e seus diálogos interdisciplinares com as ciências sociais (CASTRO,1997; BARROS, 2005), na metodologia da história oral (ALBERT, 2011; MEIHY, 2005) e nos estudos do pós-abolição (RIOS e MATTOS, 2004). Iniciado em 2005, consegue certidão de autodeclaração em 2013 e atualmente luta pela demarcação do território tradicionalmente ocupado, desde as décadas finais do século XIX. Através das memórias, de práticas socioculturais cotidianas, Santa Tereza, Boa Fé, Ituquara, São Paulo e Trindade recuperam aspectos da história social do grupo, a partir de suas demandas atuais, de suas histórias e de seus processos territoriais tornados as fontes privilegiadas dessa recuperação de suas trajetórias. Com ações políticas, articuladas por uma Federação, tais grupos sociais se etnicizam e pautam o Estado brasileiro. Reconstituem espaços físicos e simbólicos, a partir de articulações em torno de uma memória étnica e territorial, criam e acionam outros mecanismos que representam possibilidades de reconhecer o território. Tais mecanismos são potencializados em torno das novas interpretações de aspectos de sua história, dos fatos e da construção da memória ancestral. Nesses movimentos de ações políticas, reordenam imagens e compreensões acerca das noções de tempo, seus usos em conexões com as lógicas da natureza, lições apreendidas nos encontros com as outras Amazônias existentes nos diversos espaços e experiências vividas na escravidão e pós-abolição.
Em busca de uma “nação Atlântica e não bugre”: racismo e construção da desigualdade na ocupação da Amazônia Sul-Ocidental (1930–1940)
Authors: Souza Sérgio Luiz de , Luiz Janailson Macêdo
Published: September 2021

Nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, foram cunhadas representações sobre o Vale Madeira-Guaporé (atual Rondônia) centradas na integração da Amazônia ao restante do País. Neste artigo, buscou-se compreender os significados de cunho racial veiculados nesse processo, em especial aqueles presentes no jornal Alto Madeira e relacionados à denominada Marcha Para o Oeste. No recorte estudado, tais narrativas foram alicerçadas em hierarquizações alinhadas com os interesses do avanço capitalista e com a marcha de uma alegada modernidade em oposição ao dito primitivismo indígena e de outras populações regionais. Surgiram, assim, representações diversas, pautadas em hierarquias raciais. Tais narrativas visavam a naturalizar a apropriação dos territórios indígenas, a destruição das culturas desses povos e a exploração intensiva de sua força de trabalho, como também ocorria com os migrantes nordestinos. Conhecer esse processo se torna relevante em um momento em que são ressignificadas, no Brasil, concepções sobre o avanço da fronteira muito difundidas nessas décadas e amplificadas no contexto da Ditadura Militar. Essas visões, amplamente retomadas na contemporaneidade, carregam consigo significações étnico-raciais que merecem ser mais bem analisadas e inseridas nos debates atuais.
“Sé7ima é o poder”: as influências de medidas institucionais nas práticas corporais e vivências de torcedores organizados
Authors: Soares Flávia Cristina , Maciel Júnior Mauro Lúcio , Pereira da Silva Luciano , Assis Costa Luciana , Elizio Thárcio , França Rezende Fábio Henrique
Published: September 2021

Na contemporaneidade, a violência e as torcidas organizadas têm se colocado como importantes objetos de investigação nos estudos do futebol. Tendo isso em vista, o presente trabalho objetiva descrever e discutir como a criação de regulamentos de prevenção à violência nos estádios de futebol, impactou as vivências e os modos de atuação de torcedores membros de um subgrupo de uma organizada, com sede na cidade de Belo Horizonte/MG. Para tanto, realizamos um trabalho de campo, entre os anos de 2014 a 2017, entrevistando integrantes de uma torcida organizada e moradores da “Sé7ima7” - área habitada por pessoas que possuem um baixo status socioeconômico, localizada na região Noroeste da capital mineira. A organização do material teórico e empírico se deu a partir do levantamento de normativas relacionadas à alteração do Estatuto de Defesa do Torcedor em 2010 e à implantação do Juizado Especial Criminal (JECrim), juntamente com a observação de elementos relativos à reforma do Estádio Mineirão e aos relatos de torcedores organizados sobre esses fatos. Como resultados, podemos dizer que o grupo estudado passou a adotar novas práticas corporais nas arquibancadas, caracterizadas por uma maior preocupação em controlar o comportamento dos torcedores e pela institucionalização de regras no interior do próprio grupo a fim de resguardar a torcida organizada de penalidades por comportamentos julgados como inadequados.
Pandemia e quilombos: decisões sobre o “deixar viver e deixar morrer”
Authors: Marquezini Hellen Cordeiro Alves , Guimarães Ludmila de Vasconcelos Machado , Barreto Raquel de Oliveira
Published: September 2021

O objetivo do texto é discutir sobre o modo como os quilombos têm se organizado a fim de resistir à necropolítica em tempos de COVID-19. Para isso, realizaram-se entrevistas com líderes da Confederação Nacional de Articulação das Comunidades Negras Quilombolas (CONAQ) e quilombolas de diferentes regiões mineiras. Os resultados revelam uma atuação estatal marcada pelo racismo e pela violação de direitos, diante do que essa população desenvolve estratégias de resistência tanto de nível macro quanto micropolítico.
Entre comitês e quebradas: estilos de ativismo e mobilizações pela defesa da vida em contexto de pandemia
Authors: Santos Jonatha Vasconcelos
Published: September 2021

A pandemia da Covid-19 provocou um conjunto de impactos socioeconômicos que acentuou as vulnerabilidades derivadas de uma desigualdade social multifacetada. Tendo em vista as consequências dessas mudanças para grupos sociais precarizados, esse período foi marcado pela emergência de uma ampla rede de ações coletivas com o objetivo de combater os impactos da crise sanitária nesta população. Com base nisso, este artigo analisa as redes de organizações e os estilos de ativismo envolvidos nas mobilizações pela defesa da vida realizadas entre os meses de março e julho de 2020 em Sergipe. Para isso, catalogamos e criamos um repositório de ações coletivas a partir de dados coletados em redes sociais como o Instagram e o Facebook, além de recortes de jornais. Os resultados apontam para três estilos e bases organizativas: os grupos de voluntariado e o ativismo filantrópico; os sindicatos e o ativismo trabalhista; e as organizações comunitárias e o ativismo de base.
Recruiting for Resilience
Authors: Meldrum Helen Mary
Published: September 2021

Bringing a safe and effective pharmaceutical product or medical device to market requires an astonishing amount of time and money. This research features interviews with the Chief Executive Officers (CEOs), Chief Scientific Officers (CSOs) and Chief Medical Officers (CMOs) of many of the most successful life science firms in the USA with the goal of to capturing their thoughts on the recruitment of new hires. The executives screened candidates for emotional commitment as an essential quality to complete the long process of bench science, regulatory clearance and product positioning in the market. They sought to hire experienced team members who thought of set-backs as problems to be solved on the way to providing life-altering options for patients. These C-suite leaders needed to create a productive workplace culture, enhanced by a diverse group of professionals with a variety of experiences and temperaments. Participants noted that shared vision and resilience played a greater role in predicting performance than any particular skill-set discernible from a resume.
Identification and serotyping of Listeria monocytogenes, isolated from various salmon products, sold in retail market in Lithuania
Authors: Simonavičienė Ineta , Zakariene Gintarė , Lozoraitytė Aušra , Zaborskienė Gintarė , Gerulis Gediminas , Stimbirys Artūras
Published: September 2021

Cold smoked salmon products (belly flaps, pieces, fillet, and loin) obtained from the retail market in Lithuania were tested for the presence of L. monocytogenes. It was found that contamination of the cold smoked fish products with Listeria spp. depends on the type of the product. Contamination with listeria in salmon belly flaps was 7.5 times higher than in the loin (P<0.05), 1.8 times higher than in the pieces (P<0.05) and 30 times higher than in the fillet (P<0.05). Microbiological analysis showed that 32.5% (P<0.05) of the fish product samples were infected with L. monocytogenes, while multiplex PCR confirmed 31.25% positive samples (P<0.01). According to the study results, L. monocytogenes strains were divided into two serotypes: 4b (94.6%) and 1/2a (5.4%). High contamination of the products with Listeria spp. showed that cold smoked salmon products, sold in local market, can be a reason of human listeriosis in Lithuania.
Trace metal levels in the edible tissues of sea cucumbers (Holothuria tubulosa and Holothuria polii) from Sardinia (Western Mediterranean)
Authors: Montero Natalia , Atzori Marco , Marras Barbara , Bettoschi Alexandre , Nurchis Pierpaolo , Coroneo Valentina , Sanna Clara , Schintu Marco
Published: September 2021

Sea cucumbers represent an important part of the diet in Asian and Pacific regions and are also used in traditional medicine. These habits have led to the overexploitation of local sea cucumber populations in these areas, driving the pursuit of new stock regions, such as Mediterranean areas. In Italy, contrarily to that observed for other Mediterranean countries, the exploitation of sea cucumber stocks is not extensive, which opens a new market opportunity. Thus, from a food safety perspective, this work aims at reporting the first assessment of trace metal concentrations (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb) in the edible tissues of Holothuria polii and Holoturia tubulosa collected in Sardinia, the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Metal concentrations found in H. polii were generally higher than in H. tubulosa. However, in both species, they were lower than those reported for other areas of the Western Mediterranean. Cd, Hg, and Pb were below the limits established for seafood in Europe. As concentrations were in the range of those measured in other commercial seafood species in the Mediterranean. Thus, these species may be harvested and traded to fulfil the demands of local and international markets.
Partners’ Behavior as the Main Cause of Domestic Violence Experienced by Pregnant Adolescents in Jakarta
Authors: Sari Irma Permata , Setyowati S. , Ungsianik Titin
Published: September 2021

Background

Adolescent pregnancy leads to a variety of complex problems. Adolescents with an unwanted pregnancy potentially face a stigma or rejection by parents and friends as well as facing threats to be a victim of domestic violence. Violence experienced by pregnant adolescents has a negative impact on the health status of the mother and their fetus. This study aimed to identify the factors triggering domestic violence on pregnant adolescents in Jakarta.

Design and Methods

The design of the study was cross-sectional study with convenience sampling (n=230). The tools used for data collection were questionnaires.

Results

The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the factors associated with domestic violence suffered by pregnant adolescents were the partner's violence history (p=0.000), partner's behaviors (p=0.000), economic status (p=0.002) and family's support (p=0.03). The partner's behavior was the most influential factor that contributed 73.96 times the potential occurrences of domestic violence against pregnant adolescents (p=0.000; OR=73.96).

Conclusions

The involvement of the partner during the pregnancy process is necessary for understanding and comprehension of the changes, which may possibly occur due to the partner's pregnancy.
Role of the nurses in partnering with mothers to give oral medication to their hospitalised child: Modification and development of a contextualised evidence-based practice guideline
Authors: Harris Nadia , Amos Andrea , North Natasha
Published: September 2021

Background: In paediatric wards, children are often reluctant to receive medication from nurses and eventually it is given by the parents. It is a common practice for nurses to hand the medication to mothers to give to their children, However, it is an ‘informal’ practice and lacks evidence-based guidelines.Objectives: To develop a contextualised and adapted evidence-based guideline to support nurses to partner with mothers/carers so that they can safely give oral medication to their hospitalised child under the supervision of a competent nurse.Method: Existing relevant guidelines were identified through searches of bibliographic databases and websites. The AGREE II: Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument was used to appraise the quality of the identified sources. The process of guideline adaptation recommended by the South African Guidelines Excellence project was followed, and a list of adapted recommendations was developed, aligned with the legislative and regulatory frameworks for nursing in South Africa. Accessible end user documentation was developed.Results: Six sources were screened and three sources were found to be eligible and were subjected to full appraisal. Two guidelines and one policy document were identified as suitable for adaptation. Expert consultation confirmed that the resulting adapted guideline was sound, easy to understand, and well presented for the target audience.Conclusion: This process successfully led to the development of a modified evidence-based practice guideline to enable nurses to partner with mothers/caregivers in safely giving oral medication to their hospitalised child in lower-resourced African settings.
Grade R teachers’ experiences with the implementation of the mother-tongue-instruction policy for pre-reading skills in Lesotho
Authors: Koloti Arone C. , Jita Thuthukile
Published: September 2021

Background: Over the years, the majority of the Basotho nation and many countries have known Lesotho as a country which has Sesotho and English as the only spoken languages and as medium of instruction in schools. Whereas, in reality, Lesotho has many spoken languages. Many tribes have their own spoken languages which, hitherto, have not been considered in the education sector of Lesotho.Aim: This article aimed to demonstrate the Lesotho Grade R teachers’ experiences with the implementation of the mother-tongue-instruction policy in teaching pre-reading skills.Setting: This study was conducted in Lesotho at three different schools. Three Grade R teachers were chosen and studied in their respective classrooms.Methods: Employing qualitative research methods in this study, the multiple case study research design was used to explore the reality of classroom teaching practices. Document analysis, non-participatory classroom observation and semi-structured interviews and thematic content analysis were employed to generate data.Results: Teachers in early childhood education (ECE) do not implement medium of instruction policy appropriately because they are not well-informed about it.Conclusion: Grade R teachers are willing to operationalise the mother-tongue-instruction policy effectively, even though they do not have adequate knowledge of the policy.
Physiotherapy in an advanced rehabilitation pathway for patients after hip and knee arthroplasty: A proposal
Authors: Prinsloo Retha-Mari , Keller Monique M.
Published: September 2021

Background: Accelerated rehabilitation pathway (ARP) decrease patients’ hospital length of stay (LOS). A lack of evidence exists on physiotherapy management and outcome as part of ARP in South Africa (SA). Our study will aim to determine whether early mobilisation and increased frequency of physiotherapy treatments for participants after hip or knee arthroplasty surgery on post-operative day 0 (POD 0) affect outcome.Methods/design: A quantitative prospective cohort study incorporating ARP on (n = 60) non-randomised elective hip and knee arthroplasty participants will be compared with a more conservatively managed historical control group (n = 60). The physiotherapy protocol includes early mobilisation and exercises 1–3 h post-operatively on POD 0 and a second mobilisation and exercise session, 1–2 h later. Outcomes measures are as follows: hours for LOS, the WOMAC measured pre-operatively, 6 weeks and 3 months post-operatively, 30-day readmission for safety and cost comparison between the prospective and historical cohorts. Descriptive statistics will be undertaken. A paired t-test will be used to analyse each of the outcome measures across the time periods if data are normally distributed. Length of stay, WOMAC score and cost data will be compared between the groups, using a Mann–Whitney U test. The occurrence of adverse events will be compared between the groups using Pearson’s chi-square tests. The confidence interval will be set at 95% and p = 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.Discussion: Globally, ARP’s are successfully implemented to manage patients presenting with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). Research investigating physiotherapy protocols in an ARP is lacking in the literature.Conclusion: Achieving the same-day discharge after hip and knee arthroplasty surgeries may help elective surgery backlogs and waiting lists in a more cost-effective manner.Clinical implications: The same day discharge after arthroplasty may be a cost-effective management option in the future.Protocol identification: Pan African Clinical Trial Registry, PACTR202103637993156.
Determination of Capsular Serotypes, Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern, and Molecular Mechanism of Erythromycin Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Group B Streptococcus in Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Motallebirad Tahereh , Fazeli Hossein , Azadi Davood , Shokri Dariush , Moghim Sharareh , Esfahani Bahram Nasr
Published: September 2021

Background:

Documented streptococcal resistance to erythromycin has recently been raised. The aim of this study is to identify the molecular mechanism of erythromycin resistance among group B Streptococcus (GBS) strains and to correlate with the clinical origin of strains.

Materials and Methods:

A total number of 134 colonizing (n = 36), invasive (n = 36), noninvasive (n = 46), and asymptomatic (n = 16) GBS isolates were characterized by the detection of dltS gene, capsular serotyping, antibiotic susceptibility profiles using disc diffusion method, and screening of the ermB, ermTR, and mefA resistance genes.

Results:

The distribution of capsular serotypes was as follow: serotype III (24.6%), Ia (21.6%), V (17.9%), Ib (14.9%), II (8.9%), IV (8.9%), VI (1.5%), and VII (1.5%). From 134 GBS isolates, 51 (38%) isolates were resistant to erythromycin. The constitutive macrolide lincosamide streptogrmin B (MLSB) was the most common resistance phenotype (62.7%), followed by inducible MLSB (27.4%) and M phenotype (9.8%). Erythromycin resistance rate was higher among asymptomatic GBS strains (13/16, 81.2%). Serotype III was the most prevalent type among resistant isolates (41.1%). The ermB gene highly distributed among resistant strains (64.7%), followed by ermTR (21.5%) and mefA (9.8%). The ermB gene was related to constitutive MLSB phenotype (84.3%, P < 0.05) and serotypes III (61.9%), Ib (87.5%), and V (83.3%). All M phenotype strains harbored mefA gene and were in association with serotype Ia (90%).

Conclusion:

The current study suggests that ribosomal modification with erm genes is the main mechanism of erythromycin resistance. Because of relatively high prevalence of erythromycin resistance, double disc test highly recommended for GBS disease treatment and intrapartum prophylaxis among penicillin intolerant patients in our region.
Unitary representations of type B rational Cherednik algebras and crystal combinatorics
Authors: Norton Emily
Published: September 2021

We compare crystal combinatorics of the level
$2$
Fock space with the classification of unitary irreducible representations of type B rational Cherednik algebras to study how unitarity behaves under parabolic restriction. We show that the crystal operators that remove boxes preserve the combinatorial conditions for unitarity, and that the parabolic restriction functors categorifying the crystals send irreducible unitary representations to unitary representations. Furthermore, we find the supports of the unitary representations.
Disjointness-preserving operators and isospectral Laplacians
Authors: Arendt Wolfgang , Kennedy James B.
Published: September 2021

The most commonly considered counterexamples to Kac’s famous question “can one hear the shape of a drum?” – i.e., does isospectrality of two Laplacians on domains imply that the domains are congruent? – consist of pairs of domains composed of copies of isometric building blocks arranged in different ways, such that the unitary operator intertwining the Laplacians acts as a sum of overlapping “local” isometries mapping the copies to each other.

We prove and explore a complementary positive statement: if an operator intertwining two appropriate realisations of the Laplacian on a pair of domains preserves disjoint supports, then under additional assumptions on it generally far weaker than unitarity, the domains are congruent. We show this in particular for the Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin Laplacians on spaces of continuous functions and on

L^2

-spaces.
Virulence and SSR Diversity of Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) Adapted on Differential Rice Host Varieties
Authors: Chaerani  , Dadang Ahmad , Sutrisno  , Bahagiawati  , Yunus Muhamad
Published: September 2021

Brown planthopper biotype 1, 2, 3 and a representative field population are required for resistance screening of promising rice lines in Indonesia, but the current biotype stocks has shown deviation in virulence patterns. The objectives of this study were to develop a set of brown planthopper populations with differential virulence and to investigate their genetic variability using SSR marker. Females originated from two field populations were selected on variety Mudgo (carries Bph1 gene) or ASD7 (bph2 gene) using honeydew excretion as the virulence parameter. Selection cycles resulted in population T, M, A, and R, which was raised and adapted on variety TN1 (carries no Bph gene), Mudgo, ASD7, and Rathu Heenathi (Bph3, Bph17), respectively. Population R was the most virulent as expected and can be used to represent a field population, but the remaining populations still showed high virulence level. AMOVA and PCoA results based on analysis with 38 SSR primer pairs revealed partial genetic separation among populations, with population R was the most genetically distant from the remaining populations. The desired virulence character of the remaining populations is expected could be achieved after further selection and prolonged adaptation on their respective hosts.
Propagation du Lyssavirus chez les petits mammifères (Muridae et Soricidae) dans la Préfecture de Kindia, République de Guinée (Basse Guinée)
Authors: Keita Namory , Dore Raphael , Toure Aboubacar Hady , Kourouma Kerfalla , Balde Mamadou Cellou
Published: September 2021

L’étude porte sur la propagation du Lyssavirus chez les petits mammifères dans la Préfecture de Kindia (Basse Guinée) a été réalisée entre avril 2015 et mars 2016 dans les différents biotopes (Maisons habitées, Forêts-Buissons, Champs agricoles, Entrepôts et Berges) et qui a pour objectif: Contribuée à l’amélioration de l’état de santé de la population. Pendant cette période d’étude, 412 rongeurs repartis en 12 espèces ont été capturées à savoir le rat d’herbe-Arvicanthis rufinus, les rats-Cricetomys gambianus, les rats-Crocidurinae spp., les souris rayées-Lemniscomys striatus, Lophuromys ansorgei, Lophuromys sikapusi, le rat à mamelles multiples-Mastomys spp., souris de maison-Mus musculus, Pelomys fallax, le rat de forêt-Praomys rostratus, le rat noir-Rattus rattus et le Malacomys edyardsi spp. Les plus répandus sont les Mastomys, Rattus rattus, Mus musculus et Cricetomys gambianus. En saison sèche, le nombre de rongeurs capturés dans la préfecture de Kindia a atteint 292 (71%) contre 120 (29%) rongeurs en saison pluvieuse. Pour des fins de recherches virologiques, le cerveau de 221 rongeurs a été prélevé et analysé parmi eux, 18 (8%) ont été trouvé porteurs de l’ARN de Lyssavirus.

English title: Spread of Lyssavirus among small mammals (Muridae and Soricidae) in Kindia prefecture, Republic of Guinea (Lower Guinea)

The study focuses on the spread of Lyssavirus among small mammals in the Prefecture of Kindia (Lower Guinea) was carried out between April 2015 and March 2016 in the different biotopes (inhabited houses, Forests-Bushes, Agricultural fields, Warehouses and Banks) and which has for objective: Contributed to the improvement of the state of health of the population. During this period, 412 rodents were caught in 12 species including the grass rat-Arvicanthis rufinus, the Cricetomys gambianus-rats, the Crocidurinae spp rats, striped mice Lemniscomys striatus, Lophuromys ansorgei, Lophuromys sikapusi, the multiple-teat rat-Mastomys spp., house mouse-Mus musculus, Pelomys fallax, forest rat-Praomys rostratus, black rat-Rattus rattus, and Malacomys edwardsi spp. The most common are: Mastomys spp., Rattus rattus, Mus musculus and Cricetomys gambianus. In the dry season, the number of rodents caught in the prefecture of Kindia reached 292 (71%) against 120 (29%) rodents caught during the rainy season. For virological research purposes, the brain of 221 rodents was collected and analyzed among them 18 rodents (8%) were found to carry Lyssavirus RNA.
Caractérisation de la pisciculture dans la région du Poro (Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: N’dri Kouamé Marcel , Brou Gboko Konan Gatien , Yao Kouamé Privat , Diomande Dramane
Published: September 2021

Cette étude a été menée afin de faire un diagnostic de l’activité piscicole dans la région du Poro. Elle émane des résultats obtenus à l’issu de 2 mois d’enquêtes (mars et avril, 2014) auprès des pisciculteurs. Il ressort que la pisciculture est semi-intensive et pratiquée par des nationaux. La population de pisciculteurs est dominée par des acteurs dont l’âge est supérieur à 45 ans (75%). Les étangs utilisés sont en dérivation. Tous les acteurs fabriquent leur aliment poisson et éprouvent des difficultés à nourrir correctement les sujets. Ils ne bénéficient d’aucun encadrement technique de la part des structures en charge des productions halieutiques. Les espèces majoritairement élevées sont Oreochromis niloticus et Heterobranchus longifilis. La production totale annuelle est estimée à 8 600 ± 1697,1 kg avec un chiffre d’affaires par pisciculteur évalué à 2 876 700 FCFA. Cette activité constitue l’un des moyens de subsistance pour une frange de la  population. Sa redynamisation est recommandée afin d'améliorer son impact positif.

 

English title: Characterization of fish farming in the Poro region (North of Côte d'Ivoire)

This study was carried out in order to make a diagnosis of the fish farming activity in the Poro region. It emanates from the results  obtained after 2 months of surveys (March and April, 2014) among fish farmers. It appears that fish farming is semi-intensive and  practised by nationals. The fish farming population is dominated by actors over 45 years old (75%). The ponds used are bypass. All the actors make their fish food and find it difficult to feed the subjects correctly. They do not benefit from any technical supervision from the structures in charge of fish production. The predominantly cultivated species are Oreochromis niloticus and Heterobranchus longifilis. The total annual production is estimated at 8,600 ± 1,697.1 kg with a turnover per fish farmer estimated at 2,876,700 FCFA. This activity constitutes one of the means of subsistence for a segment of the population. Its revitalization is recommended in order to improve its positive impact.
Utilisation et vulnérabilité des espèces végétales et stratégies d'adaptation des populations riveraines de la Forêt Classée du Kou (Burkina Faso)
Authors: Yaovi C.R. , Hien M. , Kabore S.A. , Sehoubo Y.J. , Somda I.
Published: September 2021

La problématique de la déforestation est importante dans les régions arides et semi-arides de l’Afrique. Les politiques de gestion des forêts excluant les besoins réels des populations font qu’elle persiste. Cette étude vise à améliorer la gestion participative et durable des forêts classées au Burkina Faso. Une enquête ethnobotanique impliquant 60 ménages des villages riverains de la Forêt Classée du Kou et un inventaire floristique sur 36 placettes ont été réalisés. L’indice de vulnérabilité des espèces a été calculé et des analyses statistiques multidimensionnelles ont été effectuées. Les résultats montrent que la forêt comporte 206 espèces dont 80 utilisées pour l’alimentation (100%), la médecine (96,7%), l’artisanat (88,71%), la construction (88,7%), la bioénergie (75,81%) et le fourrage (64,52%). Les produits recherchés sont : fruits (100%), feuilles (95,16%) et bois (93,55%). Le V-test et l’ACM révèlent une utilisation influencée par la profession, le sexe et le niveau académique. Des espèces utilisées, 68,75% sont vulnérables et 53,75% sont sur la liste rouge de l’UICN. Comme stratégies d’adaptation, 58,82% des enquêtés proposent l’agroforesterie et 41,18% proposent la substitution des espèces menacées. Il est indéniable que cette forêt classée couvre les besoins essentiels des populations riveraines qui doivent s’imposer une exploitation rationnelle de ses ressources.

English title: Use and vulnerability of plant species and adaptation strategies of the riparian populations of the Kou Classified Forest (Burkina Faso)

The problem of deforestation is important in the arid and semi-arid regions of Africa. Forest management policies that exclude the real needs of the population justify the persistence of deforestation. This study aims to improve the participatory and sustainable management of classified forests in Burkina Faso. An ethnobotanical survey involving 60 households in the villages bordering the Kou Classified Forest and a floristic inventory on 36 plots were carried out. The species vulnerability index was calculated and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. The results show that the forest contains 206 species, 80 of which are used for food (100%), medicine (96.7%), handicrafts (88.71%), construction (88.7%), fuelwood (75.81%) and fodder (64.52%). The products sought are: fruits (100%), leaves (95.16%) and wood (93.55%). The V-test and the MCA reveal a use influenced by profession, gender and academic level. Of the species used, 68.75% are vulnerable and 53.75% are on the IUCN Red List. As adaptation strategies, 58.82% of the respondents propose agroforestry and 41.18% propose the substitution of threatened species by those available. It is undeniable that this classified forest covers the essential needs of the riparian populations who must impose themselves a rational exploitation of its resources.