bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MUVE-ing pre-service teachers into the future
Authors: Quinn Frances , Doyle Helen , Lyons Terry
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses our experiences of integrating a Multi-User Virtual Environment (MUVE) called Quest Atlantis into a pre-service secondary science education unit. The use of educational MUVEs as teaching tools is accelerating, so it is crucial that pre-service teachers develop some expertise with these and related technologies. We outline the processes we followed in embedding Quest Atlantis into the content and assessment of the unit, the results of this initiative and its implications for integrating MUVEs and other ICTs into teacher education programs. Challenges such as limited time and expertise, demands of a busy teaching program, and the need for continuous specialist support need to be overcome for sustainable integration of MUVEs and related technologies into pre- service teacher education. This is particularly important given the potential of pre-service teachers as change agents in schools, and the imperatives of the ICT-related National Professional Standards for Teachers and the Australian Curriculum.
Mobilising authentic learning
Authors: Oldfield James , Herrington Jan
Published: September 2024

A strong body of evidence exists around the power of authentic learning as a pedagogical model to support learning for the future. In recent years, with the increased understanding and focus on authentic learning theory, the educator’s toolkit has continued to grow. Mobile technologies have also undergone rapid change during this time, including the emergence of a new category of mobile tablets inspired by the iPad. For teaching and learning to succeed in the future, we cannot afford to ignore technological and pedagogical change. This paper outlines the motivation and plans behind a study to augment the theory of authentic learning and develop a set of mobile authentic learning principles. The study is informed by the theories of authentic learning, cognitive tools and mobile learning supported by the educational affordances of the iPad. Design- based research methodology will be employed to ensure the rigor of the study through two iterations of experimentation with a first year tertiary information systems for business course.
Following the Sun
Authors: Murphy Angela , Reushle Shirley
Published: September 2024

This paper reports on a new initiative in online conferencing that has resulted from the collaboration between three tertiary institutions on three continents and across three time zones. The paper describes the role of the Follow the Sun Online Learning Festival in revitalising professional online learning and networking events in a similar manner to the way in which e- learning revitalised tertiary education. The paper also discusses the evaluation of online conferences and introduces the new learning methodology as an alternative method for evaluating online conferences. The methodology used to evaluate the Follow the Sun Learning Festival is discussed and some preliminary findings are shared. Initial results suggest that online learning events have the potential to engage and connect professional peers and facilitators across traditional geographical boundaries. The potential for the Follow the Sun conference to result in new learning is however still unresolved.
Combatting online hate: Crowd moderation and the public goods problem
Authors: Hansen Tanja Marie , Lindekilde Lasse , Karg Simon Tobias , Bang Petersen Michael , Rasmussen Stig Hebbelstrup Rye
Published: September 2024

Hate is widespread online, hits everyone, and carries negative consequences. Crowd moderation—user-assisted moderation through, e. g., reporting or counter-speech—is heralded as a potential remedy. We explore this potential by linking insights on online bystander interventions to the analogy of crowd moderation as a (lost) public good. We argue that the distribution of costs and benefits of engaging in crowd moderation forecasts a collective action problem. If the individual crowd member has limited incentive to react when witnessing hate, crowd moderation is unlikely to manifest. We explore this argument empirically, investigating several preregistered hypotheses about the distribution of individual-level costs and benefits of response options to online hate using a large, nationally representative survey of Danish social media users (N = 24,996). In line with expectations, we find that bystander reactions, especially costly reactions, are rare. Furthermore, we find a positive correlation between exposure to online hate and withdrawal motivations, and a negative (n-shaped) correlation with bystander reactions.
Open community in Peirce’s pragmatism
Authors: Chen Jining , Lu Deping
Published: September 2024

Peirce’s concept of “community” is a philosophical notion closely intertwined with society. The production of knowledge within a community entails the characteristics of the “knowledge production chain” revealed by Peirce’s pragmatic maxim. Knowledge can only effectively grow within an open community that the dynamism of maxim has implied. The openness of the community essentially consists of two dimensions: internal structural openness and external orientation openness. Internal structural openness refers to the dynamic operation of the knowledge structure within a community. External orientation openness refers to the borderless nature of the community, that is, it can be open to other communities, accommodate the knowledge elements of others, and form its own developmental vitality. The open community relies on signs, where the mediating function sustains its operation. Signs partition and combine elements of experience, thereby carrying concepts and conveying information.
The relation of Peirce’s abduction to inference to the best explanation
Authors: Jiang Yi
Published: September 2024

Peirce’s pragmatic maxim is closely related to his conception of abduction. The acquisition of the actual effect required by the method of scientific reasoning expressed by Peirce’s maxim must be accomplished by resorting to abductive logic. Abductive logic starts from a surprising fact, derives a hypothetical explanation about that fact, and finally arrives at the possibility that the hypothesis is true. This is the process of abductive reasoning, as provided by Peirce, which is distinct from induction and deduction and generates explanatory views. Peirce opposed a unified and unchangeable concept of causality. He used different interpretations of causality to illustrate the considerable differences in people’s understanding of cause and effect in different periods. The concept of pragmatism, as developed from the pragmatic maxim to abduction and then to scientific inference to the best explanation, is precisely what Peirce initially proposed, and inference to the best explanation is the starting point and the final result of the pragmatic maxim.
Phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity study of seaweed Halimeda macroloba using Wistar albino rats
Authors: Rangaraj Kavya , Ananthy Vimala , Singam Amrita , Salwe Kartik J. , Manimekalai Kumarappan , Samy Shanmuga , Venkatraman Shravan
Published: September 2024

Objectives

Halimeda macroloba (H. macroloba) a seaweed commonly known as green macroalgae is a potential source of bioactive compounds utilised in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. However, there are no reliable scientific studies that describe harmful consequences, which attest to its safety. Thus, the current investigation focuses on a 14-day acute toxicity assessment of H. macroloba hydroalcoholic extract (HME).

Methods

HME was prepared using 70 % alcohol as solvent by the maceration method for 72 h and Soxhlet method. Phytochemical analysis was done using standard procedures, according to OECD 423 guidelines. Female Wistar albino rats fasted overnight and received a single oral dosage of 50, 300, and 2,000 mg/kg BW (body weight). Further rats were starved for 4 h and watched individually for every 30 minutes, then twice a day for 14 days. To determine the toxicity overall behaviour, BW, haematological, biochemical, histopathology, and gross morphology were examined.

Results

Pharmacologically active phytoconstituents were identified by phytochemical analysis. No significant abnormalities/fatalities from single-dose of HME at escalating doses. No BW or behavioural changes. The majority of the haematological and biochemical parameters were normal. Did not show any apparent changes. simultaneously, a few indicated slight variations that may or may not be caused by HME extract no lesions or anomalies in Gross morphology. Histopathological investigations revealed that HME had no adverse effects on organs.

Conclusions

HME administration at doses up to 2,000 mg/kg BW didn’t result in acute toxicity/impairment to the pancreas, liver or kidney. Nevertheless, the study’s limited test dose of 2,000 mg/kg, BW, didn’t result in any fatalities/ adverse effects.
Disturbance of testosterone cycle in favism-induced male rats is prevented by pracaxi oil oral administration
Authors: Koriem Khaled M.M. , Arbid Mahmoud S.S.
Published: September 2024

Objectives

Favism is a metabolic disease while pracaxi oil is a strong antioxidant agent. This study evaluates anti-infertility activity and assists normal male fertilization of pracaxi oil in favism-induced male rats.

Methods

A total of 36 male albino rats of six equal sets were each with 6 rats; Control, Pracaxi oil (1 mL), and Pracaxi oil (2 mL), Favism-induced male rats-, Pracaxi oil (1 mL) + Favism-induced male rats, and Pracaxi oil (2 mL) + Favism-induced male rats groups. Blood parameters, liver function, serum male hormones were determined. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, total protein, and cholesterol in testis were estimated. Sodium/potassium-ATPase and antioxidants in the hypothalamus, testis, and sperm were assessed. Sperm count, motility, and abnormality, and sperm monoclonal proliferating antibody Ki-67 were evaluated.

Results

Favism decreased blood parameters, liver function, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, serum testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sperm count and motility, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity while increased malondialdehyde, serum follicle stimulating hormone, sex hormone binding globulin, and luteinizing hormone, glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, cholesterol, total protein, sperm abnormality, the percentage of spermatogonia, 1st spermatocyte, 2nd spermatocyte, and spermatid in the testis. Furthermore, two doses of pracaxi oil to favism-induced male rats back all of aforementioned parameters to be close control values where a higher dose of pracaxi oil had an efficient impact than a lower dose.

Conclusions

Pracaxi oil protects the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis, and preserves sperm quality in favism-induced male rats.
Anti-HMGCR myopathy mimicking facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Authors: Braun Andreas Albert , Atiya Monika , Göhner Katja , Hortobagyi Tibor , Burkhardt Tobias , Schreiner Bettina
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Statin use can lead to various muscle-related issues, including benign creatine kinase (CK) elevations, myalgias, toxic myopathies, rhabdomyolysis, and immune-mediated necrotizing myositis (IMNM), which primarily affects older males. IMNM presents with proximal muscle weakness, elevated CK levels, and specific antibodies.

Case presentation

We describe a 72-year-old patient with muscle weakness persisting for over 3 years after statin therapy. Initially suspected to have a genetic disorder, further testing revealed elevated anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) antibodies, indicating immune-mediated myopathy. Despite the absence of inflammatory changes on biopsy, the patient responded positively to immune therapy.

Conclusion

This case highlights challenges in diagnosing immune-mediated myopathy, especially in older patients with atypical presentations. Testing for HMGCR antibodies can aid in diagnosis, particularly when inflammatory markers are absent. Awareness of red flags, such as delayed symptom onset and response to prednisone, is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
Highly uniform silicon nanopatterning with deep-ultraviolet femtosecond pulses
Authors: Granados Eduardo , Martinez-Calderon Miguel , Groussin Baptiste , Colombier Jean Philippe , Santiago Ibon
Published: September 2024

The prospect of employing nanophotonic methods for controlling photon–electron interactions has ignited substantial interest within the particle accelerator community. Silicon-based integrated dielectric laser acceleration (DLA) has emerged as a viable option by leveraging localized photonic effects to emit, accelerate, and measure electron bunches using exclusively light. Here, using highly regular nanopatterning over large areas while preserving the crystalline structure of silicon is imperative to enhance the efficiency and yield of photon-electron effects. While several established fabrication techniques may be used to produce the required silicon nanostructures, alternative techniques are beneficial to enhance scalability, simplicity and cost-efficiency. In this study, we demonstrate the nano-synthesis of silicon structures over arbitrarily large areas utilizing exclusively deep ultraviolet (DUV) ultrafast laser excitation. This approach delivers highly concentrated electromagnetic energy to the material, thus producing nanostructures with features well beyond the diffraction limit. At the core of our demonstration is the production of silicon laser-induced surface structures with an exceptionally high aspect-ratio -reaching a height of more than 100 nm- for a nanostructure periodicity of 250 nm. This result is attained by exploiting a positive feedback effect on the locally enhanced laser electric field as the surface morphology dynamically emerges, in combination with the material properties at DUV wavelengths. We also observe strong nanopattern hybridization yielding intricate 2D structural features as the onset of amorphization takes place at high laser pulse fluence. This technique offers a simple, yet efficient and attractive approach to produce highly uniform and high aspect ratio silicon nanostructures in the 200–300 nm range.
Optical Zitterbewegung effect in arrays of helical waveguides
Authors: Zhan Kaiyun , Chen Qixuan , Zhang Qian , Zhao Tingjun , Qin Hanqiang , He Haolong , Yao Guangting
Published: September 2024

Owing to its topological properties and band collapse, Floquet helical photonic lattices have gained increasing attention as a purely classical setting to realize the optical analogues of a wide variety of quantum phenomena. We demonstrate both theoretically and numerically that light propagation in an appropriately designed helical superlattice can exhibit spatial photonic Zitterbewegung effect, i.e., a quiver spatial oscillatory motion of the beam center of mass around its mean trajectory, in both one- and two-dimensional cases. The lattice spacing determines the effective coupling strength between adjacent helical waveguides, and further drastically not only affects the oscillation amplitude and frequency, but also invert their direction of drift when the effective coupling strength is tuned from positive to negative. Complete arrest and inversion of the drift direction of Zitterbewegung effect are reported.
Calling and Responding: An Ethical-Existential Framework for Conceptualising Interactions “in-between” Self and Other
Authors: Jons Lotta
Published: September 2024

In this article, the methodological meaning of listening will be explored as an ethical-existential heeding. Grounded in an understanding of listening as a matter of heeding, I present a framework founded on Martin Buber’s dialogical philosophy entitled Calling and Responding, in which human being’s relation to the world is conceptualised as a process of paying heed to a summons from the Other – followed by a responsible response to that summons – and in turn calling the Other. Such an understanding of the interactions in-between self and the Other is based on the premise that one has an auditory disposition when perceiving and dealing with the world. I elaborate the Buberian foundation of the concepts comprising the framework, clarify the method of philosophical conceptualisation, and present practical examples from the context of pedagogical relations.
mindennapos testnevelés egészséges életmódra gyakorolt hatásainak vizsgálata a Dél-Dunántúlon
Authors: Szalai Kata , Csóka László , Máté Éva , Pirisi Gábor , Marton Gergely
Published: September 2024

A mindennapos testnevelés 2012-es bevezetése az iskolai sport területén olyan szintű változásokat hozott, mely egyértelműen kiterjed az egészséges életvitel kérdéskörére is. Célul szolgált, hogy a mindennapi testmozgásra és egészségtudatosságra igényt tartson a fiatal generáció oly mértékben, hogy az beépüljön mindennapjaikba. Vizsgálatunk során felmértük a Dél-Dunántúl különböző településtípusain élő lakosságot az egészséges életmód olyan szegmenseivel kapcsolatban, mint a testi-lelki egyensúly helyzete, a stressztűrő képesség, a stressz- és konfliktushelyzetek kezelése, a túlsúly és elhízás kérdésköre, valamint a káros szenvedélyek témakörei. Online mintavétel során 1089 fő töltötte ki kérdőívünket. A statisztikai elemzésekhez Khí-négyzet próbát alkalmaztunk. Eredményeinkben generációs különbségek jelennek meg, melyek a különböző korcsoportok megítélésében találhatók. Lényeges különbségek lelhetők fel a településtípusok közötti összehasonlításokban, miszerint a nagyvárosi környezetben a stresszkezelés nagyobb kihívást jelent, továbbá a konfliktuskezelés fokozott fejlesztésre szorul a kisebb településeken élők körében. Az elhízási arányszámok a kutatásunk során pozitívabb képet mutatnak az országos arányszámokhoz viszonyítva. Rendkívül fontos szerepet tulajdonítunk az iskoláknak és az ott dolgozóknak abból a szempontból, hogy a káros szenvedélyek elleni elutasító magatartásra már iskolás korban nagyobb hangsúlyt kell fektetni. A mindennapos testnevelés a témakör szempontjából elengedhetetlen fontosságú, hiszen hozzá kapcsolódva olyan értékeket és normákat lehet kialakítani, melyek a mai fiatal generáció számára meghatározó szerepet töltenek be a jövőben.
Adaptação transcultural do instrumento Capabilities of Nurse Educators questionnaire para utilização no Brasil
Authors: Santana Daniele de Azevedo , Bergamasco Ellen Cristina , Mohallen Andrea Gomes da Costa
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: adaptar transculturalmente o Capabilities of Nurse Educators questionnaire para a língua portuguesa. Métodos: estudo metodológico, cujas etapas foram: tradução e validação de conteúdo por especialistas, realizadas conforme o International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. Na fase de validação do conteúdo, o questionário foi aplicado a 10 enfermeiros especialistas e utilizou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, considerado suficiente quando maior ou igual a 90%. Calculou-se também o Content Validity Ratio, considerando valores maiores ou iguais a 0,80. Além disso, mensurou-se a concordância entre os especialistas, a partir do coeficiente de concordância de primeira ordem. Resultados: no processo de validação de conteúdo, obteve-se um percentual do índice de validade de conteúdo acima de 90%, uma Content Validity Ratio superior a 0,80, e concordância maior que 0,90. Conclusão: o instrumento apresentou evidência adequada no processo validação do conteúdo (semântica, idiomática e conceitual), demonstrando ser um apropriado para avaliar as competências dos enfermeiros educadores no contexto brasileiro. Contribuições para a prática: o instrumento é capaz de identificar pontos fortes e habilidades que necessitam ser desenvolvidas na atuação do enfermeiro educador no setor acadêmico ou em serviços de saúde.
MEN2 phenotype in a family with germline heterozygous rare RET K666N variant
Authors: La Greca A , Dawes D , Albuja-Cruz M , Raeburn C , Axell L , Ku L , Klein C , Marshall C , Fishbein L
Published: September 2024

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is a hereditary cancer syndrome caused by germline-activating pathogenic variants in the RET proto-oncogene. MEN2A is the most common subtype, with a risk for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), pheochromocytoma (PHEO), and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), whereas MEN2B is less common and associated with MTC and PHEO along with mucosal neuromas. Little is known about the specific RET germline heterozygous variant K666N. This variant has been described in very few families, and in most cases, patients were diagnosed with a very indolent MTC as the only feature. There is one case of MTC and bilateral PHEO. The RET K666N variant is not stratified yet by the American Thyroid Association, and data are limited on pathogenicity; therefore, appropriate screening and treatment of asymptomatic RET K666N carriers are unclear. Here, we report a family with a heterozygous germline RET K666N variant. The proband was identified when she experienced cardiogenic shock and multi-organ failure after an elective hysterectomy and subsequently was found to have PHEO, with genetic testing revealing the RET K666N germline variant. Patient consent was obtained through IRB protocol COMIRB #15-0516.

Learning Points

The specific RET germline heterozygous variant K666N is rare and described in very few families, and in most cases, patients were diagnosed with a very indolent MTC as the only feature. Our proband is much younger and has PHEO, MTC, and PHPT.

The RET K666N germline variant appears to be a low penetrance variant for MEN2.
Anatomy of the Respiratory System and Heart of the Sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) of Costa Rica
Authors: Vigil-Esquivel Daira Jimena , Coto-Sanabria Sofía , Vega-Alfaro Jazmín Fiorella , Cendra-Villalobos Estefanía , Viloria-Hernández Rebeca Melissa , Chaverri-Esquivel Laura , Passos-Pequeno Andréia
Published: September 2024

The two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) faces various diseases related to the respiratory and circulatory system. Thus, prior knowledge of anatomy becomes relevant since it contributes to the study and interpretation of medical images and surgical procedures. This study aims to describe the topographic and macroscopic anatomy of the heart and the respiratory system. Three animals were preserved with a supersaturated saline solution. Throughout the dissection, it was possible to identify and describe the components of the respiratory system and the heart. Some of the particularities found were the division of the frontal sinus in several sections. In addition, the presence of a large thyroid cartilage and the absence of wedge-shaped processes in the epiglottis were observed. The heart was small, although with very prominent auricles. These findings should be considered in the performance of clinical-surgical procedures and in the interpretation of medical images.
Tibial fracture correction, rehabilitation, and release of a Jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) in Costa Rica
Authors: Jimenez-Soto Mauricio , Rojas-Sanchez Ernesto , Pereira-Mora Mauricio
Published: September 2024

This paper describes the medical-surgical approach, rehabilitation, and release of a Herpailurus yagouaroundi suffering from a comminuted fracture to the distal third of the left tibia. The tibial fracture was the result of vehicular trauma that occurred on a main highway within a biological corridor in the northern region of Costa Rica. The feline was rescued by officials from the Costa Rican National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) and was treated at the Small Animals and Wildlife Hospital (HEMS) of the School of Veterinary Medicine (EMV) from the National University of Costa Rica (UNA). The medical-surgical approach included homeostatic restoration of the patient, collateral tests (laboratory test and diagnostic images) and correction of the tibial fracture using an external skeletal fixator with titanium bars and anchors. The patient received post-operative care and rehabilitation before a successful release into its natural habitat.
The rates of budget-forming taxes in Ukraine: is a radical reduction advisable?
Authors:   State Educational and Scientific Institution ", Sokolovska Alla ,   Academy of Financial Management"
Published: September 2024

In the context of Russian Federation's full-scale war against Ukraine, the idea of conducting a radical tax reform in our country, which would provide for the establishment of corporate income tax, personal income tax and VAT rates at the same level of 10%, has become widespread, and later transformed into the idea of an "anti-corruption" tax reform. According to the reform’s supporters, lowering the rates of the main taxes will ensure the de-shadowing of the economy, destroy the grounds for corruption, and on this basis will lead to an increase in tax revenues, if not in the first year of the reform, then at least in the short term. Optimistic forecasts regarding the fiscal consequences of a radical reduction in the rates of main taxes in Ukraine are based on simplified ideas about the impact of the size of tax rates on the scale of the shadow economy and tax revenues. The purpose of the article is to refute these ideas by revealing, using the results of theoretical and empirical studies, the ambiguous nature of the relationship between tax rates and the size of the shadow economy and tax revenues. A comparative analysis of the rates of VAT, personal income tax, corporative income tax and social security contributions in Ukraine and the EU countries has been carried out, which allows to establish that none of the EU countries has ever introduced low rates for all major taxes and social security contributions, reduced the VAT rate to the level of minimum EU requirements (15%), or refused to finance pension payments through social security contributions, distributing their burden between employers and employees. The author analyzes the impact of tax rates, tax burden and other factors on the level of the shadow economy and establishes why lower tax rates do not guarantee a reduction in the scale of informal activities. The absence of a direct link between the size of tax rates and corruption is substantiated. Based on the analysis of the arithmetic and economic effects of tax rate cuts, the author determines their ambiguous impact on tax revenues. A comparative analysis has been made of the fiscal efficiency of the taxes whose rates are proposed to be reduced and of the compensating taxes, and the impossibility of compensating budget losses by increasing these taxes is substantiated. The author concludes about the high fiscal risks of a radical reduction in the rates of budget-forming taxes in general and the impossibility of such a reduction during the war.
The RACE Act and Pediatric Trials of Adult Cancer Drugs
Authors: Liu Ian T. T. , Kesselheim Aaron S.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Adult cancer drugs have historically been exempted from pediatric testing requirements. In 2017, Congress passed the Research to Accelerate Cures and Equity (RACE) for Children Act to expand mandatory pediatric testing to cancer drugs; the law took effect in 2020. With this study, we sought to evaluate how the pediatric testing of molecularly targeted adult cancer drugs changed after the RACE Act.

METHODS

In this retrospective cohort study, we used publicly available Food and Drug Administration data to compare pediatric post-approval requirements, trials, and trial characteristics, including timing, in adult cancer drugs before and after the RACE Act.

RESULTS

Between 2017 and 2024, the Food and Drug Administration approved 61 adult cancer drugs with molecular targets relevant to pediatric cancer; 40 were submitted before 2020, and 21 were submitted after 2020. The 40 pre-RACE Act drugs were associated with no pediatric post-approval requirements, whereas the 21 post-RACE Act drugs were associated with 15 pediatric post-approval testing requirements. Approximately two-thirds (26/40, 65%) of pre-RACE Act drugs and 57% (12/21) of post-RACE Act drugs were evaluated in pediatric trials. Among pre-RACE Act cancer drugs, pediatric trials were initiated a median of 0.04 years after approval (interquartile range: −3.3 to 1.9 years), whereas post-RACE Act trials were initiated a median of 2.8 years before approval (interquartile range: −4.3 to 0.3 years).

CONCLUSIONS

The RACE Act has been associated with greater numbers of pediatric post- approval testing requirements and the earlier initiation of pediatric trials, although early pediatric trial rates appear unchanged. Formalizing pediatric testing requirements may lead to the timely completion of pediatric studies to the benefit of pediatric patients with cancer.
IMAGENS DA AUSÊNCIA
Authors: DA SILVA VOSS NADJA
Published: September 2024

A maior parte das teorias acerca do relacionamento entre fotografia e literatura foi produzida por pessoas advindas da literatura. Eu mesma tenho essa trajetória, mas recuso tratar a literatura como o estabelecido e a fotografia como uma intrusa, uma geradora de problemas. É preciso não pensar em literatura e fotografia, nessa ordem, mas um pouco em fotografia e literatura, inverter o ângulo de visão, até porque, apesar de eu ser escritora, sou também fotógrafa e artista visual, e sei que a interação não é externa, mas interna. É por esse motivo que, neste ensaio, serão analisados três autores: Georges Rodenbach (1892, 1903), W.G. Sebald (1999, 2001) e, por fim, eu, Nadja Voss (2018a, 2018b), com suas respectivas obras (Bruges-la-morte
A IMAGEM-DESCONHECIMENTO: SUPREMACIA BRANCA E GENOCÍDIO NA OBRA CINEMATOGRÁFICA DE RAOUL PECK
Authors: MADARASZ NORMAN
Published: September 2024

Dinâmica interna à imagem conduz ao aniquilamento do texto, embora seja mais por contingência que necessidade. Pela vista da ordem jurídica e política, o que se derrubava do texto apontava para algo da ordem de um crime trágico, porventura supremo. Após a desconstrução do crime de lesa-majestade, largado na lixeira da história com a maior parte das monarquias absolutistas, esse crime se inocentara pela justificação embutida na missão de supostamente civilizar terras longe da Europa, para eventualmente exterminar seus povos e nações primeiros. Mesmo ao aprofundar a invisibilidade desses feitos, não se consegue ocultar como o crime apagado era o de genocídio. Reconhecido pelo direito internacional por seu caráter excepcional, o ato de genocídio fora erguido definidamente a crime supremo, mediante o resgate de critérios que não se cansam de retornar ao invisível e ao esquecimento. Em consequência, é possível sustentar que todas as imagens conduzem ao genocídio. Por certo, não há cineasta atualmente mais engajado a resgatar esses caminhos que Raoul Peck.
Analysis of Environmental Performance and Tax Aggressiveness on CSR Disclosure: A Study of PROPER KLH Companies in the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index 2017-2022
Authors: Makinudin Ahmad Rizqi , Rama Ali , Yunan Zuhairan Yunmi
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the factors influencing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure among companies listed in the PROPER KLH within the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) from 2017 to 2022. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the research employs secondary data and panel data regression analysis. The results reveal that environmental performance, company age, and tax aggressiveness significantly affect CSR disclosure, as measured by the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) index. These findings underscore the crucial role of these factors in shaping a company's commitment to social and environmental responsibilities, while also highlighting the complex dynamics between corporate actions and their environmental impact. Companies with strong environmental performance not only contribute positively to the planet but also enhance their long-term reputation. The relationship between tax aggressiveness and CSR disclosure suggests a significant interplay between financial strategies and ethical considerations in corporate decision-making. This underscores the need for a comprehensive approach to corporate governance that integrates financial objectives with ethical responsibilities. Consequently, policymakers and stakeholders should leverage these insights to develop more effective regulations and incentives that promote responsible corporate conduct.
Blockchain-Based Digital Transaction Security System: Perspective of Imam al-Shāṭibi’s Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah Concept
Authors: Yasin Achmad , Billah Arifah
Published: September 2024

Blockchain is a technological advancement that does not yet have regulatory certainty, especially regarding taxation and its use in certain domains does not fulfill shari’ah provisions. This research is a literature study that explain the benefits of blockchain technology when applied in the Islamic economic sector and analyses it based on maqāṣid al-sharī'ah according to Imam al-Shāṭibi. The method implemented: normative law with a statutory and conceptual approach. Data collection is done through literature research and documentation. This research analyses that the benefits of using blockchain technology in Islamic economics provides various significant advantages for human welfare, so it is considered maṣlahah. Applying this technology to economic activities is a form of jalbu al-maṣālih. Blockchain technology increases the operational ease of digital transactions and provides vigorous wealth protection through tokens generated from digitizing tangible assets. The blockchain application in digital transactions is a form of dar’u al-mafāsid. Analysed from the perspective of Imam al-Shāṭibi’s maqāṣid al-sharī’ah, the blockchain technology efficiency and security for data and information in the digital transaction ledger are included as ḥājiyyah needs. Its use that facilitates cryptocurrency transactions is highlighted as haram because of its destruction of religion due to its prohibition. The protection afforded to real-world asset tokens and their overall usefulness elevates this technology’s status as a ḍarūriyyah min jānibi al-’adam (protection of primary needs from absence).
Postawy wobec miasta na podstawie wyników badań ankietowych w sześciu miastach Polski Wschodniej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Piróg Krzysztof
Published: September 2024

In the article, the intensity of attitudes toward cities and their correlates was analyzed based on research conducted in six cities in Eastern Poland (the capitals of three voivodeships: Rzeszów, Białystok, and Lublin, as well as three cities that lost their voivodeship capital status due to administrative reforms implemented in 1999: Biała Podlaska, Krosno, and Suwałki). The study involved 11,397 surveys completed by parents/guardians of primary and secondary school students, secondary school students, and university students. The analyses were carried out by creating a synthetic measure of attitudes toward the city. The analysis of intensity levels allowed us to capture positive, negative, and neutral attitudes. Based on the rich empirical material collected, statistically significant differences were observed concerning variables such as gender, reference city, residence within or outside the reference city, respondent category, knowledge level about the reference city, trust in other people, belief that the given city is a good place to live for the respondent, and perception of the city by others.
Polityka językowa w świetle dokumentów programowych ukraińskich partii politycznych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Pietnoczka Paweł
Published: September 2024

This article presents the position of Ukrainian political parties on the issue of language policy during the period of independence. In particular, it was important to show the position taken by individual political parties towards the status of the Russian language, as well as the need to ensure the functioning of the Ukrainian language in all spheres of social life and in the territory of the entire state. A number of program documents were analyzed, in particular, the programs of political parties and the electoral programs of parties and electoral coalitions with which they competed in subsequent elections to the Verkhovna Rada. The focus was on those political parties that individually managed to overcome the electoral threshold at least once during the parliamentary elections held at the time of independence, or played a leading role in the electoral coalitions formed, as was the case, for example, with the People’s Union “Our Ukraine” which was the key political force in the pro-presidential electoral coalitions formed for the 2006 and 2007 elections. The position of the various political forces on the language issue was discussed after first dividing them into left-wing, centrist and center-left parties, as well as right-wing and center-right parties.
MULTI-FIDELITY MACHINE LEARNING FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION AND OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Zhang Ruda , Alemazkoor Negin
Published: September 2024

In system analysis and design optimization, multiple computational models are typically available to represent a given physical system. These models can be broadly classified as high-fidelity models, which provide highly accurate predictions but require significant computational resources, and low-fidelity models, which are computationally efficient but less accurate. Multi-fidelity methods integrate high- and low-fidelity models to balance computational cost and predictive accuracy. This perspective paper provides an in-depth overview of the emerging field of machine learning-based multi-fidelity methods, with a particular emphasis on uncertainty quantification and optimization. For uncertainty quantification, a particular focus is on multi-fidelity graph neural networks, compared with multi-fidelity polynomial chaos expansion. For optimization, our emphasis is on multi-fidelity Bayesian optimization, offering a unified perspective on multi-fidelity priors and proposing an application strategy when the objective function is an integral or a weighted sum. We highlight the current state of the art, identify critical gaps in the literature, and outline key research opportunities in this evolving field.
Microstructure analysis of cement-biochar composites
Authors: Lorenzoni Renata , Cunningham Patrick , Fritsch Tobias , Schmidt Wolfram , Kruschwitz Sabine , Bruno Giovanni
Published: September 2024

The use of biochar as a concrete constituent has been proposed to reduce the massive carbon footprint of concrete. Due to the low density and complex porosity of biochar, microstructural analysis of Portland cement-biochar composites is challenging. This causes challenges to the improvement of the micro-scale understanding of biochar composite behavior. This work advances the microstructural understanding of Portland cement composites with 0, 5, and 25 volume percent (vol%) of cement replaced with wood biochar by applying common characterization techniques of mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), gas sorption, scanning electron microscopy, and isothermal heat flow calorimetry (HFC) in conjunction with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and micro-X-ray computed tomography (XCT) analysis techniques. The combination of these techniques allows a multi-scale investigation of the effect of biochar on the microstructure of cement paste. NMR and XCT techniques allow the observation and quantification of the pore space. HFC and MIP confirmed that biochar absorbs moisture and reduces the effective water-cement ratio. Gas sorption, MIP, and NMR shows that 5 vol% replacement does not significantly affect the gel and capillary pore structures. Results from XCT (supported by MIP and NMR) show that biochar can reduce the formation of larger pores. Importantly, XCT results suggest that biochar can act as a flaw in the microstructure which could explain reductions in the mechanical properties. Overall, the mechanical properties already analyzed in the literature are consistent with the microstructural changes observed, and these results highlight the need to carefully tailor the volume fraction of biochar to control its effect on the paste microstructure.
Synostosis of C7 And T1 with Bilateral Incomplete Foramen Transversarium in T1 - A Case Report
Authors:   Professor, Department of Anatomy, Dr.D.Y.Patil Vidhyapeeth and Medical college, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Dinesh K Patel , Amol A Shinde ,   Professor, Department of Anatomy, Dr.D.Y.Patil Vidhyapeeth and Medical college, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Published: September 2024

The fusion of cervical vertebrae is seen in Klippel-Feil syndrome. We found a fused bone in which the C7 and T1 vertebrae are fused. Incomplete or forming foramen transversarium [FT] is seen on the transverse process of T1. Costal facets are seen on the body and transverse process of T1 along with an incomplete or forming foramen transversarium. The incomplete foramen were seen bilaterally and of similar size. Knowledge of this rare variation will guide the radiologists for diagnosis and spine surgeons to decide the course of the surgery. KEY WORDS: Klippel-Feil Syndrome, Incomplete foramen transversarium, Synostosis, Cervical vertebral fusion syndrome, Vertebral artery.
New and additional records of Cryptinae and Phygadeuontinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Ağrı province and Mount Ararat in Türkiye
Authors: Ayhan Gamze , Çoruh Saliha
Published: September 2024

The study was conducted to detect the Cryptinae and Phygadeuontinae (Ichneumonidae) species of Ağrı province and Mount Ararat between 2022 and 2023. Adult samples were collected in the different habitats and altitudes using sweeping nets. The specimens were then pinned and properly labelled for identification. New faunistic data for ten species are provided. Enclisis vindex (Tschek, 1871), and Endasys analis (Thomson, 1883) are recorded for the first time from Türkiye. Also, present Gelis vicinus (Gravenhorst, 1829) and Phygadeuon hercynicus Gravenhorst, 1829 are new for East Anatolia. Additionally, collecting locality, date, altitude individual and sex counts, hosts, associated plants, distribution in Türkiye and general geographic distribution of the species are given.
Estrategia educativa de orientación vocacional y profesional para estudiantes de décimo año
Authors: Román Cao Eldis
Published: September 2024

Un trabajo planificado y permanente en la escuela sobre orientación vocacional ayuda a los estudiantes en la toma de decisiones conscientes para la elección de carrera. Objetivo: diseñar una estrategia educativa para la orientación vocacional y profesional de los estudiantes de décimo año en la Unidad Educativa Fiscal Uruguay en Portoviejo, Ecuador. Metodología: se trata de un estudio descriptivo de dos momentos. Primero se conocen los intereses y la percepción vocacional de 138 estudiantes mediante el Cuestionario de Áreas de Intereses Básicos Académico Profesionales; después se describe una Estrategia Educativa que atiende las necesidades de orientación, basada en constructos teóricos derivados de la revisión de la literatura y los resultados del diagnóstico. Resultados: los estudiantes se inclinan por profesiones vinculadas a la sanidad (23,2%), economía y negocios (14.5%) e investigación científica (12,3%) y con menor preferencia en la actividad agropecuaria (5,1%) y la comunicación (2,9%). Se diseñó una estrategia educativa con acciones marcadas para cada actor del proceso que sistematiza las acciones de seguimiento y preparación en la escuela. Discusión y conclusiones: las preferencias estudiantiles pueden estar influenciadas por las oportunidades laborales del territorio y por el altonúmero de participación de mujeres. Por otro lado, aquellas inclinaciones que presentan menor predilección pueden estar sujetas a la creencia de la baja rentabilidad del trabajo rural y la falta de oportunidad laboral en los medios de comunicación. La estrategia educativa propone organizar y sistematizar el proceso orientador en la escuela en las fases de Diagnóstico, Atención de necesidades, Seguimiento y Evaluación, además asigna roles participativos y dialógicos a los actores allí inmersos.
Enfoque epistemológico decolonial y las pedagogías modernas
Authors: Ortíz Padilla Myriam , Ortiz Domínguez Diosa Merys , Jiménez Sierra Devinso , Zwierewicz Marlene
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: comprender el enfoque epistemológico decolonial como una vía para desarrollar pedagogías propias a través de la confrontación de las dinámicas implícitas en las pedagogías modernas. Metodología: investigación cualitativa con metodología documental, que cuenta con la revisión, análisis e interpretación de 70 documentos. Resultados: esta investigación develó una vía para que los saberes contextuales, ancestrales, las prácticas culturales y lo emergente, se pueda religar con los saberes científicos tecnológicos y científicos-contemporáneos. Las experiencias ilustran los desarrollos de pedagogías críticas y liberadoras para el empoderamiento de los estudiantes, su conciencia social y política. Emerge la noción de lo decolonial como cosmovisión del mundo, fundamentándose en teorías y perspectivas que desafían el eurocentrismo y promueven la valorización de conocimientos y prácticas locales, la diversidad cultural, étnica, lingüística, de género, el diálogo intercultural y el respeto mutuo en la apuesta por una práctica pedagógica con perspectiva decolonial. Conclusiones: el análisis deja en evidencia que educar desde una perspectiva decolonial implica adoptar una nueva epistemología, Además de espacios para nuevas narrativas que reflejen las particularidades sociohistóricas, antropológicas y culturales de cada pueblo. Así, se requiere transformar de manera sistémica las ciencias de la educación, el currículo, la pedagogía y las didácticas.
Eliciting Latent Myasthenia Gravis Eye Signs Utilizing ‘The Mary Walker Effect’
Authors: Beaupark Suzann
Published: September 2024

Current standardized tests to induce fatigability in the Myasthenia Gravis (MG) patient do not take intoconsideration that, in real-world situations, the patient is using more than one muscle group at a time. In 1895, theGerman physician Frederick Jolly, who is famed for coining the name Myasthenia Gravis, observed that exhaustionof one group of voluntary muscles in a patient with MG induced weakness in other groups that had not beenstimulated. This phenomenon was also noted by Dr. Mary Walker and was named the Walker effect in 1938. The Novelocular motility technique described in this paper is designed to engage the extraocular muscles (EOM) simultaneouslywith another muscle group namely the facial muscles, specifically testing for lip weakness. This test was namedThe SLOW Test (Simultaneous Lip and Ocular Weakness). It was found that observable Myasthenia Gravis Eyes Signs(MGES) were quicker to elicit and more obvious when performing the SLOW Test. The SLOW Test is a methoddesigned to confirm the presence of MG signs quickly and effectively, even when there appear to be no obviousfatigable signs with current testing regimes. The test combines ‘old knowledge’ by testing for the ‘Mary WalkerEffect’ with current ophthalmic testing for MG, which increases fatigue and allows for a higher suspicion level ofgeneralized MG as another muscle group is simultaneously tested. The development of clinical methods for identifyinglatent fatigable muscle weakness is critical to reducing the cases of missed MG diagnosis, testing methods such as theSLOW Test have the potential to improve patients’ quality of life by enabling earlier diagnosis and initiating earliertreatment.