bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gibberellins A4/7, 6-Benzylaminopurine and Prohexadione Calcium Modify Growth, Development and Quality of Raspberry
Authors: Ramírez H , González-Escobar JC , Cabrera RI , Jasso-Cantú D , Zermeño-González A , Hernández-Pérez A , Espinosa-Vázquez M
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Currently, Mexico is the second-largest producer of red raspberries in the world. A steady increase in consumption, quality demands from the international market and its high value call for practices that can enhance production and quality of this crop. A viable option is the use of bioregulators, and this study evaluated the effects of prohexadione calcium (P-Ca), gibberellins A4/7 (GA4/7) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) on the growth, development and quality of raspberry cv. UANC-2022.
Study Design: The study was set up under a completely randomized block design with a 4x3 factorial arrangement. The first factor was the bioregulators used (P-Ca, GA4/7, 6-BAP and the combination of GA4/7+6-BAP) and the second factor was the number of applications.
Location and Duration of the Study: Conducted at the Department of Horticulture, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, in Saltillo, Mexico, during the period March to October 2022.
Methodology: Treatment applications were carried out at three specific times during the growing cycle, with a first application made one day after pruning (DAP), the second at 48 DAP and the third at 70 DAP. All treatments were applied to the foliage.
Results: P-Ca temporarily reduced lateral shoot growth (LSG), improved reproductive development and yield, and increased fruit quality. GA4/7 promoted LSG, reproductive development, yield, and improved fruit quality. 6-BAP enhanced fruit quality. The combination of GA4/7+6-BAP increased LSG in the early weeks and improved fruit quality.
Conclusion: The bioregulators GA4/7, 6-BAP and P-Ca bring targeted benefits to growth, development and fruit quality, making them a viable management practice that can be implemented in the production of raspberries.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Sorbents Derived from Rice Husks using FTIR, SEM, TEM and XRD Approaches
Authors: Ochie Oluchi S. , Okonkwo Sylvia I. , Okwuego Obinna P.
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on the development and characterization of a nanostructured sorbent derived from an agricultural waste. The rice husks were collected from a rice mill, washed and ground into fine powder, and then subjected to chemical and thermal treatments to convert them into nanostructured materials with enhanced surface properties suitable for oil adsorption. Characterization of the sorbent was done using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface analysis. Results obtained confirmed the nanostructural nature of the sorbent, revealing high porosity and the presence of functional groups that promote oil adsorption. The study concludes that the sorbent developed from rice husks could provide an ecofriendly and cost-effective nanomaterial that could effectively be deployed for remediation of oil-contaminated water.
Flavonoids, Breast Cancer Prevention, and Its Treatment: A Growing Evidence
Authors: Akanda Md. Rubel , Jafrin Sadia , Islam Shah Ashadul , Hosen Shakir , Islam Md. Mariful , Islam Nazmul , Shozib Habibul Bari
Published: January 2025

There is mounting evidence linking certain lifestyle factors such as food, weight, and physical activity to an increased risk of breast cancer. Flavonoids are commonly used in traditional medicine. Plenty of studies have investigated the relationship between flavonoid consumption and breast cancer in humans. This review aimed to examine the association between flavonoids, each flavonoid subclass and the risk of breast cancer besides therapeutic use of flavonoids to break the multidrug resistance in breast cancer. Prospective cohort, case-control, and laboratory-based studies published between around 1990’s to date and referred to the impact of flavonoids on breast cancer prevention, treatment, or other roles were included. Odd Ratio (OR)/ Risk Ratio (RR) and Hazard ratio (HR) along 95% confidence interval (CI) were carefully reviewed to reveal the association between different subgroups of flavonoids and breast cancer risk. Other adjustments (e.g. age, menopausal status, food habits, race, BMI, etc.) were also considered. The antioxidant properties of flavonoids, as well as their ability to inhibit apoptosis, suppress estrogen activity, and limit the proliferation of breast cancer cells, all contribute to a significant reduction in the risk of developing breast cancer. There are linings enough that some polyphenolic compounds are effective as drugs for treating breast cancer.
Die Haftung für Software und KI-Systeme nach der neuen Produkthaftungsrichtlinie
Authors: Borges Georg
Published: January 2025

Der Beitrag stellt die neue Produkthaftungsrichtlinie vor und untersucht ihre Bedeutung in den relevanten Aspekten der Haftung für Software und KI. Nach einem Überblick über die Richtlinie (II.) werden folgende Kernpunkte der Reform untersucht: ihr Anwendungsbereich und die Haftungsadressaten (III.), der Fehlerbegriff als zentraler Haftungsmaßstab (IV.), die Haftung für nachträgliche Änderungen, insb. Updates, (V.) sowie die neuen Regeln zur Sachverhaltsermittlung (VI.1.) und zur Beweislast (VI.2.). Überlegungen zur Umsetzung der Richtlinie (VII.) und ein Fazit (VIII.) schließen den Beitrag ab.
Pflichten zur Vertragsgestaltung unter DORA für IT-Dienstleister
Authors: Ernst Stefan
Published: January 2025

Die EU-Verordnung Nr. 2022/2554 über die digitale operationale Resilienz im Finanzsektor führt zwar einen wenig einprägsamen Namen, dafür aber dank der englischsprachigen Fassung eine griffige Abkürzung: DORA (Digital Operational Resilience Act). Erlassen am 14.12.2022 (ABl. v. 27.12.2022 Nr. L 333, S. 1) tritt sie am 17.1.2025 in Kraft (Art. 64 DORA), was angesichts direkt oder auch nur mittelbar zuliefern. Dass diese EU-Verordnung auch unmittelbare Pflichten für diese bereithält, wird manchem zuweilen erst jetzt klar.
Relativierung des Durchgriffverbots bei Kapitalgesellschaften im Rahmen einer Betriebsaufspaltung
Authors: Prinz Ulrich
Published: January 2025

Die Betriebsaufspaltung mit dem Erfordernis personeller und sachlicher Verflechtung zwischen Besitz- und Betriebsunternehmen mit einem einheitlichen geschäftlichen Betätigungswillen der Gesellschafter ist ein von der Rechtsprechung in Jahrzehnten entwickeltes Rechtsinstitut. Konkrete Tatbestandsvorgaben zur Gewerblichkeit des Besitzunternehmens wegen enger Verflechtung in einer Doppelstruktur mit dem Betriebsunternehmen sind in § 15 EStG allerdings nicht zu finden. Die Erscheinungsformen der Betriebsaufspaltung sind vielfältig. Üblich ist ein Rechtsformmix von Besitzpersonen- und Betriebskapitalgesellschaft; aber es gibt auch mitunternehmerschaftliche und rein kapitalistische Betriebsaufspaltungen. Zur Vermeidung personeller Verflechtung finden sich in der Praxis in unterschiedlicher Form nicht selten dem eigentlichen Gesellschafterkreis ganz oder in Teilen vorgeschaltete, meist funktionslose Kapitalgesellschaften. Bei derartigen Gestaltungen soll die vermögensmäßige Abschirmwirkung einer Körperschaft gegenüber ihren Gesellschaftern (= Trennungsprinzip) zur Verhinderung einer Betriebsaufspaltung genutzt werden; ggf. können auch optierte Vorschalt-Personengesellschaften (§ 1a KStG) in Betracht kommen. Der BFH hat dazu in jüngerer Zeit - teils in Änderung der Rechtsprechung - wichtige neue Entscheidungen getroffen, die das gesellschafterbezogene Durchgriffsverbot bei einer Kapitalgesellschaft mittels einer Art Konzernbetrachtung relativieren und die Beherrschungsfunktion für Betriebsaufspaltungszwecke ungeachtet der Kapitalgesellschaft dem letztendlichen Gesellschafter ohne Heranziehung von § 42 AO (Gestaltungsmissbrauch) zurechnen. Die neue Judikatur wird im Folgenden aufbereitet. Insgesamt nimmt die steuerliche Unsicherheit in Tatbestand und Rechtsfolgen der Betriebsaufspaltung deutlich zu.
Die Relevanz der Unternehmensidentität für die Verrechnung gewerbesteuerlicher Verlustvorträge bei Kapitalgesellschaften (mit Anmerkung zu BFH v. 25.4.2024 – III R 30/21, FR 2025, 84)
Authors: Bischoff Janik
Published: January 2025

Dem Verrechnungspotential gewerbesteuerlicher Verlustvorträge kommt angesichts einer bundesdurchschnittlichen Gewerbesteuerbelastung im Jahr 2023 von 14,25 % (der Berechnung liegt ein Hebesatz von 407 % im Jahr 2023 zugrunde, Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis), Realsteuervergleich 2023) eine nicht zu vernachlässigende wirtschaftliche Bedeutung zu, wobei diese Belastung aufgrund des § 35 EStG insbesondere bei Kapitalgesellschaften Wirkung entfaltet. Damit es zu einer Verrechnung mit positiven Gewerbeerträgen späterer Erhebungszeiträume kommt, stellen Gesetz und Rechtsprechung indes (hohe) Voraussetzungen auf. Namentlich werden Unternehmer- und Unternehmensidentität gefordert. Eben jene Unternehmensidentität stand im Mittelpunkt des hier mit zu besprechenden BFH-Urteils v. 25.4.2024 (III R 30/21), in dem es um die Frage ging, unter welchen Voraussetzungen ein bei einer Personengesellschaft entstandener gewerbesteuerlicher Verlustvortrag nach einer Anwachsung auf eine Kapitalgesellschaft dort genutzt werden konnte. Eben dieses Urteil verdeutlicht aber auch einmal mehr die bestehenden Friktionen bei der Behandlung von Personenund Kapitalgesellschaften im Hinblick auf die Unternehmensidentität. Dies rückt die Frage in das Licht, ob es nicht sachgerechter ist, auch bei Kapitalgesellschaften die allgemeinen (strengeren) Kriterien für die Unternehmensidentität anzulegen. Diese Überlegungen bilden den Ausgangspunkt für diesen Aufsatz, der sich schwerpunktmäßig mit der Relevanz der Unternehmensidentität für die Verrechnung gewerbesteuerlicher Verlustvorträge nach § 10a GewStG befassen soll.
Der Amtsermittlungsgrundsatz als Ausfluss des Rechtsstaatsgebots (?)
Authors: Grafe Jennifer
Published: January 2025

Der Amtsermittlungsgrundsatz ist allen öffentlich-rechtlichen und strafrechtlichen Verfahren (Verwaltungs- und Gerichtsverfahren) bekannt. Dennoch gibt es nicht nur eine, sondern eine Vielzahl von Ausprägungen, die ihre Wurzeln jedoch in den gleichen verfassungsrechtlichen Prinzipien - insbesondere dem Rechtsstaatsgebot - finden, so dass dennoch von dem einen verfassungsrechtlichen Amtsermittlungsgrundsatz gesprochen werden kann, der einfachgesetzlich unterschiedlich ausgestaltet ist. Die Amtsermittlung lässt sich zwar als einer der Gründe längerer Verfahrensdauer identifizieren, abstrakt prozessökonomischer gestalten kann man ihn in verfassungsrechtlich zulässiger Weise jedoch nicht.
To Create Portable Power Bank-To Charge Dual Devices
Authors: Madhavi Pillalamarri , Satyanarayana Salava V , Ramya Oleti Naga , Satya MathiReddy Tulasi , Nikhita Malga
Published: January 2025

The project involves the design and development of a power bank capable of charging two devices
simultaneously. The power bank will incorporate dual USB output ports with varying voltage and storage
capacity specifications to cater to a wide range of devices. It will be equipped with a high capacity lithium- ion
battery ensuring efficient energy storage and delivery. The power bank management circuit will feature
overcharge,over-current,andshort-circuitprotectiontoensuresafetyduring operation.Thepowerbankwillalso be
equipped with a DC-DC converter and fast-charging protocols to minimize charging time. Additionally, itwill
be equipped with LED indicators to display the battery status, charging status, and output status. Thisproject addresses the growing demand for efficient and portable energy solutions, making it ideal for daily use and travel
Identification of the molecular subtypes and construction of risk models in neuroblastoma
Authors: He Enyang , Shi Bowen , Liu Ziyu , Chang Kaili , Zhao Hailan , Zhao Wei , Cui Hualei
Published: July 2023

The heterogeneity of neuroblastoma directly affects the prognosis of patients. Individualization of patient treatment to improve prognosis is a clinical challenge at this stage and the aim of this study is to characterize different patient populations. To achieve this, immune-related cell cycle genes, identified in the GSE45547 dataset using WGCNA, were used to classify cases from multiple datasets (GSE45547, GSE49710, GSE73517, GES120559, E-MTAB-8248, and TARGET) into subgroups by consensus clustering. ESTIMATES, CIBERSORT and ssGSEA were used to assess the immune status of the patients. And a 7-gene risk model was constructed based on differentially expressed genes between subtypes using randomForestSRC and LASSO. Enrichment analysis was used to demonstrate the biological characteristics between different groups. Key genes were screened using randomForest to construct neural network and validated. Finally, drug sensitivity was assessed in the GSCA and CellMiner databases. We classified the 1811 patients into two subtypes based on immune-related cell cycle genes. The two subtypes (Cluster1 and Cluster2) exhibited distinct clinical features, immune levels, chromosomal instability and prognosis. The same significant differences were demonstrated between the high-risk and low-risk groups. Through our analysis, we identified neuroblastoma subtypes with unique characteristics and established risk models which will improve our understanding of neuroblastoma heterogeneity.
Mathematical Simulation in Traction Rolling Stock Systems Building
Authors: Bezdenezhnykh S. N. , Shepelin P. V.
Published: July 2023

Modern design methods for both rolling stock and machinery aim to automate processes as much as possible. Cab engine driver should run the train, not be involved in its maintenance, and maintenance crew is required to know in advance all the failures on a particular cab. But in addition to standard train operation, there are a number of issues that affect the safety and reliability of operational equipment. These issues include heating of the rolling stock in low temperatures and related consumption of fuel and energy resources. The existing wide-patent database has a huge number of papers, but only a few are widely used on a rolling stock. Modern realities shape the principles and requirements of resource management, which over the years have made rigid and distinctive framework for designers and engineers, in particular — the workability of the system under the unknown parameters in advance. These requirements force to use principles based on adaptive systems.
Assessment of the Impact of the Agro-Industrial Complex on the Environment and Development of Measures to Minimize It
Authors: Umarkhadzhiev M-Kh. R.
Published: July 2023

The agro-industrial complex is an important sector of the economy of many countries and provides the population with food. However, in the process of producing agricultural products, a negative impact on the environment is inevitable. In this work, an assessment of the impact of the agro-industrial complex on the environment was carried out and measures were developed to minimize it. Research methods included the analysis of statistical data, expert assessments and modeling. As a result of the study, problematic aspects of the impact of the agro-industrial complex on the environment were identified and specific recommendations were developed to minimize negative consequences. The main measures are the introduction of modern technologies in the production process, monitoring compliance with environmental standards and raising environmental awareness among workers in the agro-industrial complex.
Problems of Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories and Ways to Solve Them
Authors: Suleymanov Magomed , Isaev Murad , Sitokhova Tatiana
Published: July 2023

A systematic approach in relation to the study of the sustainability of the development of individual territories is expressed in the fact that they are considered, on the one hand, as a separate segment that has all the institutional, economic, social and environmental characteristics, functioning as a whole of constituent elements (municipalities, individual economic entities ). On the other hand, this separate territory is considered as an integral element of a meso or macrosystem (depending on the administrative-territorial nature of the territory under study), which functions according to general rules and directions of development, conditioned by a single goal-setting and functionality of the national system. In accordance with the definition of the subject of our study (sustainable development of mountainous territories), we determined that mountainous areas with specific development conditions are separate territorial entities with their own internally formed functioning conditions. On the other hand, not a single subject of the Russian Federation can currently be fully classified as “mountainous territories”, that is, it must be considered taking into account the general principles of sustainable socio-economic development.
Comprehensive analysis of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs signature to predict prognosis in bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Shusheng , Li Houying , Fan Yanpeng , Tang Chao
Published: July 2023

Background

Cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) have been recently discovered to regulate the occurrence and development of various tumors by controlling cuproptosis, a novel type of copper ion-dependent cell death. Although cuproptosis is mediated by lipoylated tricarboxylic acid cycle proteins, the relationship between cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (crlncRNAs) in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) and clinical outcomes, tumor microenvironment (TME) modification, and immunotherapy remains unknown. In this paper, we tried to discover the importance of lncRNAs for BLCA.

Methods

The BLCA-related lncRNAs and clinical data were first obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). CRGs were obtained through Coexpression, Cox regression and Lasso regression. Besides, a prognosis model was established for verification. Meanwhile, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, gene ontology (GO) analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), half-maximal inhibitory concentration prediction (IC50), immune status and drug susceptibility analysis were carried out.

Results

We identified 277 crlncRNAs and 16 survival-related lncRNAs. According to the 8-crlncRNA risk model, patients could be divided into high-risk group and low-risk group. Progression-Free-Survival (PFS), independent prognostic analysis, concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and nomogram all confirmed the excellent predictive capability of the 8-lncRNA risk model for BLCA. During gene mutation burden survival analysis, noticeable differences were observed in high- and low-risk patients. We also found that the two groups of patients might respond differently to immune targets and anti-tumor drugs.

Conclusion

The nomogram with 8-lncRNA may help guide treatment of BLCA. More clinical studies are necessary to verify the nomogram.
¿Existen los argumentos visuales? Sobre el uso de fotografías en la argumentación jurídica
Authors: Bonorino Pablo Raúl
Published: July 2023

En este trabajo se analiza una discusión reciente sobre la naturaleza de los argumentos visuales en la que se empleó como caso de prueba un fallo judicial en el que la única evidencia de cargo fue una fotografía (People v Doggett, California, 1948). Se reconstruye de forma más completa y rigurosa la argumentación judicial para señalar los problemas de las dos concepciones enfrentadas, y sostener que el caso muestra que –en contra de lo que afirman los protagonistas de la discusión– no existen los argumentos visuales. A continuación, se examinan los presupuestos teóricos movilizados por el uso de fotografías en la sentencia, para llevar a cabo una primera aproximación no sistemática a las cuestiones que debería abordar una concepción general sobre el uso de las imágenes en la argumentación jurídica. En el caso de prueba se asume que las fotografías ingresan en la argumentación como afirmaciones sobre su contenido proposicional (significado) y en el proceso de toma de decisiones como los objetos de los que depende la verdad de esas afirmaciones (evidencias). También que existe una relación entre las distintas formas en las que una fotografía comunica su significado (mostrar p, representar p y sugerir p) y su fuerza probatoria. Para dar sentido a las distintas valoraciones probatorias que realizan en el fallo fue necesario explorar la posición teórica que permitiría justificar las distinciones en las que se basan, así como la forma de entender la percepción visual que presuponen. Si se acepta la naturaleza inferencial del proceso que permite ver algo al mirar una fotografía se podría exigir a los jueces y juezas la explicitación de parte de esos argumentos cuando justifican sus decisiones.
Razón (teórica y práctica), racionalidad y razonabilidad. De sus límites, semejanzas y diferencias
Authors: Cuno Cruz Humberto Luis
Published: July 2023

El ser humano siempre busca explicarse lo que existe y acontece a su alrededor e, igualmente, siempre aspira a determinar lo que es moralmente bueno. Ello genera en él la necesidad de encontrar certeza en el conocimiento que adquiere en esa búsqueda y objetividad en esa determinación práctico-moral. Una vez que lo sobrenatural o divino le resultan fundamento insatisfactorio, solo le queda apelar a su razón como último recurso, pero ¿qué hace que la razón se constituya en ese fundamento último?, ¿hasta dónde efectivamente la razón es capaz de satisfacer esa búsqueda de objetividad o certeza?, ¿a qué responde la distinción entre razón teórica y razón práctica?, ¿cuándo y por qué se dice que algo es racional o razonable?, ¿qué asemeja, diferencia y determina los alcances y límites de la racionalidad y la razonabilidad? Son interrogantes que se busca responder en este trabajo siguiendo una metodología que pretende guiar de manera intuitiva el propio razonamiento del lector.
INTERPRETATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS TENTANG PENGALAMAN SINGLE MOTHER PASCAKEMATIAN SUAMI
Authors: Simanjuntak Cindy Charolin , La Kahija Yohanis Franz
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengalaman single mother pascakematian suami dan menganalisis bagaimana single mother memaknai pengalaman tersebut. Jumlah partisipan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 3 orang single mother yang tinggal bersama anak-anaknya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui model fenomenologis. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) yang berfokus pada pengalaman pribadi subjek dengan menggunakan in depth interview. Ditemukan dua tema induk, yakni (1) proses menjalani single mother, (2) peran parenting sebagai single mother dan lima tema superordinat, yakni (1) stress penyesuaian pascakematian suami, (2) penyesuaian diri single mother, (3) komitmen menjalani single mother, (4) perhatian lewat pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup, (5) tanggung jawab sebagai pendidik anak.
Findbuch des Bestandes Abteilung 79
Authors: Rathjen Jörg
Published: July 2023

Das Ministerium für das Herzogtum Schleswig wurde nach dem Ende der schleswig-holsteinischen Erhebung 1851 eingerichtet und bestand bis 1864. Die Unterlagen des Ministeriums sind zwischen dem dänischen Reichsarchiv in Kopenhagen und dem Landesarchiv Schleswig-Holstein in Schleswig geteilt, wobei sich der überwiegende Teil seit dem deutsch-dänischen Archivalientausch 1933 im Reichsarchiv befindet. Im Landesarchiv Schleswig-Holstein sind vorrangig lokale Einzelakten für die süd- und mittelschleswigschen Gebiete sowie die Protokolle der ausgegangenen Schreiben (Reskripten-Journale, Briefbücher) und der Abschriften (Registraturen, Kopiebücher, Korrespondenzprotokolle) zu finden. Die Gesamtlaufzeit des Bestandes erstreckt sich von 1713 bis 1871, wobei der Schwerpunkt der Unterlagen den Zeitraum von 1849 bis 1864 abdeckt.
Перевод общедомового имущества в частную собственность
Authors: Квициния Н.В. , Смольякова С.Д.
Published: July 2023

В настоящей работе рассматривается возможность перевода объекта из общедомового имущества в частную собственность. Исследуются основные законодательные положения и условия для осуществления подобного перевода. Изучаются наиболее спорные вопросы, связанные с переводом чердака, которое используется, как имущество принадлежащее всем жителям дома, в частную собственность.
К вопросу о производстве в суде апелляционной инстанции по уголовному делу
Authors: Крюкова А.И. , Маслов А.В.
Published: July 2023

В статье освещены некоторые аспекты производства в суде апелляционной инстанции по уголовному делу, как стадии уголовного процесса. Внимание уделено вопросам, связанным с историей, задачами и сущностью данной стадии судопроизводства, а также рассмотрена судебная практика.
Beyond the surface: Exploring the mycobiome of Norway spruce under abiotic stress and with Heterobasidion parviporum
Authors: Durodola Blessing , Blumenstein Kathrin , Akinbobola Adedolapo , Kolehmainen Anna , Chano Victor , Gailing Oliver , Terhonen Eeva
Published: July 2023

The mycobiome, comprising fungi inhabiting plants, potentially plays a crucial role in tree health and survival amidst environmental stressors like climate change and pathogenic fungi. Understanding the intricate relationships between trees and their microbial communities is essential for developing effective strategies to bolster the resilience and well-being of forest ecosystems as we adopt more sustainable forest management practices. The mycobiome can be considered an integral aspect of a tree's biology, closely linked to its genotype. To explore the influence of host genetics and environmental factors on fungal composition, we examined the mycobiome associated with phloem and roots of Norway spruce cuttings under varying watering conditions. To test the "mycobiome-associated-fitness" hypothesis, we compared saplings artificially inoculated with Heterobasidion parviporum and control plants to evaluate mycobiome interaction on necrosis development. We aimed to 1) identify specific mycobiome species for the Norway spruce genotypes/families within the phloem and root tissues and their interactions with H. parviporum and 2) assess stability in the mycobiome species composition under abiotic disturbances (reduced water availability). The mycobiome was analyzed by sequencing the ribosomal ITS2 region. Our results revealed significant variations in the diversity and abundance of the phloem mycobiome among different Norway spruce genotypes, highlighting the considerable impact of genetic variation on the composition and diversity of the phloem mycobiome. Additionally, specific mycobiome genera in the phloem showed variations in response to water availability, indicating the influence of environmental conditions on the abundance of certain fungal genera in Norway spruce trees. In the root mycobiome, key fungi such as Phialocephala fortinii and Paraphaeosphaeria neglecta were identified as conferring inhibitory effects against H. parviporum growth in Norway spruce genotypes. Furthermore, certain endophytes demonstrated greater stability in root ecosystems under low water conditions than ectomycorrhizal fungi. This knowledge can contribute to developing sustainable forest management practices that enhance the well-being of trees and their ecosystems, ultimately bolstering forest resilience.
Ceramides as risk markers for future cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in long-standing type 1 diabetes
Authors: Wretlind Asger , R. Curovic Viktor , Suvitaival Tommi , Theilade Simone , Tofte Nete , A. Winther Signe , Vilsbøll Tina , Vestergaard Henrik , Rossing Peter , Legido-Quigley Cristina
Published: July 2023

Ceramides are lipid molecules involved in inflammation-related signaling. Recent studies have shown that higher amounts of specific circulating ceramides and their ratios are associated with future development of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD). We examined the associations between serum ceramide levels with CVD, kidney failure, and all-cause mortality in individuals with longstanding type 1 diabetes (T1D). We included 662 participants with T1D and 6-year follow-up, with a mean age of 55 years and mean diabetes duration of 33 years. Baseline serum samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Six predefined ceramide levels were measured, and predefined ratios were calculated. Adjusted Cox regression analyses on ceramide levels in relation to future CV events (CVE), kidney failure and all-cause mortality were performed, with and without adjustment for age, sex, BMI, LDL, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, HbA1C, history of CVD, smoking status, statin use, eGFR and UAER. The ceramide ratio cer(d18:1/18:0)/cer(d18:1/24:0) was significantly associated with risk of CVE (HR = 1.33, P = 0.01) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1,48, P = 0.01) before and after adjustments. All five investigated ceramide ratios were associated with kidney failure, before adjusting for the kidney markers eGFR and UAER. In this study we demonstrate specific ceramides and ratios associated with 6-year cardiovascular risk and all-cause mortality in a T1D cohort. This highlights the strength of ceramide association with vascular complications and presents a new potential tool for early risk assessment if validated in other cohorts.
PROPUESTA DE ARQUITECTURA IOT ORIENTADA A LA CREACIÓN DE PROTOTIPOS PARA SU APLICACIÓN EN PLATAFORMAS EDUCATIVAS Y DE INVESTIGACIÓN
Authors: Medina-Barahona Camilo J. , Mora Germán A. , Calvache-Pabón Carolina , Salazar-Castro Jose A. , Mora-Paz Héctor A. , Mayorca-Torres Dagoberto
Published: July 2023

Este artículo se centra en definir una arquitectura IoT viable para proyectos de prototipado en IoT. Esta arquitectura es la base para definir conceptos como estándares y protocolos de comunicación, almacenamiento y tratamiento de datos. Existe muy poca documentación relacionada con este aspecto del IoT, y las arquitecturas propuestas por los gigantes del mercado son demasiado complejas para servir de punto de partida en una metodología orientada al aprendizaje desde cero, por este motivo se optó por el estudio de artículos científicos que proponen su propia arquitectura. Gracias a esto se pudo definir un modelo de arquitectura con las características mínimas para ser reconocida como tal, que sea aplicable a modelos de prototipado, que son los ideales para proyectos de laboratorio óptimos para la enseñanza práctica de los conceptos. Finalmente se obtiene un listado de los estándares y protocolos más usados como punto de referencia para proyectos futuros del IoT
The essence of punishment in the context of the theory of determinism
Authors: Derbak V.V.
Published: July 2023

The article explores the essence of punishment in the context of determinism theory, which excludes the existence of free will, also known as “hard determinism”. The main tenets of determinism theory are revealed, and arguments for why free will does not exist are explained. The two main theories of punishment, retributivism and consequentialism, are explained, their defining characteristics are highlighted, and their relationship with the deterministic worldview is discussed. Approaches to understanding the concept of guilt in the absence of free will are formulated, and the correlation between the notion of guilt, which is contained in Ukrainian legislation, and determinism theory, which excludes free will, is analyzed. The article explains why punishment should be imposed and why individuals should generally be held responsible, thus determining the purpose and content of punishment in the absence of free will. The purpose of punishment, as enshrined in Article 50(2) of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, is also analyzed, and recommendations for its improvement are provided. Examples from legal practice and natural sciences, particularly in the fields of medicine and biology, are presented to confirm the positive role of determinism theory in the context of punishment and approach to free will as an illusion. The advantages and disadvantages of implementing punishment measures that correspond to the deterministic worldview in society are highlighted. The importance of identifying and researching the causes of unlawful behavior for the prevention of crimes, rehabilitation, and reintegration of offenders is justified. Emphasis is placed on the role of research in natural sciences such as neurobiology in promoting the deterministic theory and the idea that free will is an illusion, as well as the crucial role of scientific research in understanding the causes of human behavior. The belief in free will is critically analyzed, and negative aspects of such a belief are noted.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN MORAL PANCASILA KEPADA SISWA SEBAGAI NILAI BUDI PEKERTI DI MTS. ULUMUL QUR’AN MEDAN
Authors: Aulia Nazlah , Nova Ramadhani Kania , Silverius Sinaga Reylan , Yunita Sri
Published: July 2023

The mini research assignment for group 7 from class B PPKn 2023 is entitled "Implementation of Pancasila Moral Education for Students as a Value of Ethics in Mts. Ulumul Qur'an". This mini research examines how the application of Pancasila values ​​and morals to Mts.Ulumul Qur'an students. This study aims to determine the process of implementing moral values ​​in Mts. Ulumul Qur'an and to find out the role of schools in efforts to instill moral values ​​for students at Mts. Ulumul Qur'an. Where in the application in everyday life students interact both among friends and older people are not good at showing attitudes that are in accordance with the implementation of the values ​​and morals contained in Pancasila. Which in Pancasila there are values ​​that form the basis of behavior in life. This mini research uses qualitative methods with a realist ethnographic design, namely research that explores the phenomenon under study, by studying documents, or interviews, to look for hidden meanings, stories that are not clear, something that has multiple interpretations, implied connotations, and voices that are not voiced. This research is expressed with observations to test or confirm theories and assumptions. The data collection instruments included observation, interviews, distributing questionnaires, literature study, and documentation. This mini research resulted in an understanding of the inculcation of Pancasila values ​​and morals in students so that they are better for the future.
IMPLEMENTASI FILSAFAT PERENNIAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: . Nuryamin
Published: July 2023

Perenialisme a philosophy of education that is taken from the root of the word perennial or perennial which means growing continuously that runs according to the timeless time. So this view always believes in the existence of values, norms that grow in society, and are eternal in life. Values and norms inherent in culture that always exist in society as a result of human creativity, taste and initiative. Perennial philosophy views education as the process of guiding one's abilities (talents) to be active or real (real, manifested, and applied) as a basic human potential. In other words that humans have the same nature that originates from the origin of the event that is fitri with logical consequences on the nature of holiness and goodness. In Plato's view, humans basically have three basic potentials, namely lust, will and reason (mind). These three potentials are the basis for building human personality and character. These three potentials will grow and develop through education. Humans who have a large potential ratio will become the leader class humans, and high social class. Humans with great potential will, will become warrior humans, middle class. Humans with great potential for lust will become working people, the class of the common people. Education should be oriented towards developing the potential of reason to prepare students for the future.
EVALUASI PROGRAM PENINGKATAN KUALIFIKASI AKADEMIK GURU MELALUI PELATIHAN GURU DALAM JABATAN
Authors: Juhri Juhri , Suhardi Muhammad
Published: July 2023

This study aims to evaluate the program for Improving the Academic Qualifications of Teachers in Positions. The research method is a qualitative descriptive program evaluation of the CIPPO model (Context, Input, Process, Product, Outcome). Collecting data through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation review. The results of the study: 1) The results of the evaluation of the context showed that the goals and objectives of the program were appropriate in accordance with Law Number 14 of 2005 concerning Teachers and Lecturers, 2) The results of the evaluation of the inputs showed that human resources and other resources were quite good, 3) the results Process evaluation shows that the Implementation of the Learning Process has gone well in accordance with the guidelines and signs that have been set, 4) Product Evaluation Results show that the GPA in general is good with very satisfactory predicate, 5) Outcome evaluation results, namely teacher competence in generally Good.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM INTEGRATIF DENGAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM PADA TEMA SISTEM PEREDARAN DARAH PADA MANUSIA STUDI DI SMPIT QURRATA A’YUN BATUSANGKAR TAHUN 2021
Authors: Herawati Susi , Mardika Feni , Susrizal Silvia , Adripen Adripen , Eliwatis Eliwatis
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop an integrated Islamic education learning e-module with natural science on the theme of the circulatory system in humans that is valid and practical. The development method used is the research and development method with the ADDIE development model consisting of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. At the analysis stage, data obtained that Islamic religious Education learning has not been integrated with natural sciences. The design stage is carried out by designing a product in the form of an integrative e-module for Islamic Religious Education subjects with natural science subjects on the theme of the human circulatory system. The development stage is the product validation stage by the validator with a score of 0,754 in the “valid” category. The implementation phase was carried out on six of student grade VIII of SMP IT Qurrata A’yun Batusangkar with a score of 0,894 in the “very practical” category. The evaluation stage is carried out to improve the product in accordance with expert input and suggestion. Based on the result of the validity and practicality of the product with valid and practical categories, it can be concluded that the integrated e-module of Islamic religious education learning with natural science on the theme of the human circulatory system can be used in learning.Keywords: E-module, Islamic religious education, Integrative.
Efecto térmico de las azoteas verdes en la Ciudad de México, Yucatán y Coahuila
Authors: Sánchez Mora Heriberto , Escobedo Izquierdo Manuela Azucena , Quezada García Sergio , Cázares Ramírez Ricardo Isaac , Polo Labarrios Marco Antonio
Published: July 2023

En este trabajo, se presenta un modelo matemático de transferencia de calor para evaluar el efecto térmico de la implementación de azoteas verdes extensivas para la rehabilitación de edificaciones mal aisladas sometidas a las condiciones climáticas de la Ciudad de México, Yucatán y Coahuila. El modelo, que requiere pocos datos de entrada, es resuelto numéricamente e implementado en Python. Los resultados muestran que la implementación de una azotea verde contribuye a disminuir la amplitud de oscilación en la temperatura interna de la edificación, disminuye la temperatura media interior, y reduce el consumo de energía eléctrica destinada al acondicionamiento de aire.
Keragaman Serangga Hama pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) di Desa Kebon Ayu Lombok Barat
Authors: Purwaningsih Hanipathin , I Made Sudantha  , M. Taufik Fauzi
Published: July 2023

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas sayuran unggulan yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan industri, obat herbal dan yang paling penting adalah sebagai bahan pelengkap bumbu masakan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis dan keragaman serangga pada tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Kebon Ayu Lombok Barat yang berlangsung selama 2 bulan yaitu pada bulan Agustus hingga September 2022 pada lahan salah seorang petani. Pengamatan dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan menempatkan lima plot pengamatan dan pada masing-masing plot terdapat satu perangkap kuning, dan pengamatan secara langsung pada tanaman bawang merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat lima jenis serangga pada area tanaman bawang merah diantaranya yaitu Liriomyza chinensis, Empoasca fabae, Spodoptera exigua, Micraspis crocea dan Conoderus posticus. Nilai indeks keragaman menunjukkan nilai 1,13 yang dikategorikan sebagai keragaman sedang yang dilihat dari nilai H' lebih besar dari 1 dan lebih kecil dari 3.
Catalytic pyrolysis of mixed plastic wastes using commercial grade kaolin and Ukpor clay from Nigeria
Authors: John Jones Ajali  , Stephaine Adanna Umenwa  , Isaac Chibuike Okoye  , Calister Chimelogo Ejiofor  , Chukwunonso Nnanyelum Onyenanu  , Loveth Nwanneka Emembolu
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study is to convert mixed plastic waste into usable liquid fuel via pyrolysis technique using Ukpor clay as a low-cost catalyst and commercial grade kaolin. Waste plastic was catalytically degraded in a laboratory scale pyrolysis semi-batch reactor at a temperature of 400 °C, residence time of 45 min, and heating rate of 16 ˚C/min. The catalysts were characterized by XRF analysis while proximate analysis of the plastic feed carried out gave volatile materials content of 95.17 wt%, fixed carbon of 1.51 wt% and ash content of 2.6 wt%. Ukpor clay and kaolin were employed as catalysts in catalytic pyrolysis of the same feedstock for catalyst-to-plastic ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 and at the same operating parameters. Optimum yields were obtained at a catalyst-to-plastic ratio of 1:3 for both catalysts with a yield of 85.80, 3.58, and 10.62 wt% for Ukpor clay and 89.80, 6.33, and 3.87 wt% for kaolin for the liquid, gaseous, and solid products, respectively. The liquid products obtained for the catalytic cracking at optimum conditions were characterized for their suitability as fuel. The properties determined were density, viscosity, flash point, pour point, and calorific value. The results suggest that both catalysts produced liquid products, whose properties are comparable to conventional fuels (gasoline and diesel oil) with kaolin catalytic pyrolysis process producing higher liquid yield. GC-MS analysis found that most of the liquid oil produced a high aromatic content with some aliphatic and other hydrocarbon compounds, FTIR analysis of the liquid product from catalytic pyrolysis also shows that it contains hydrocarbons with different functional groups such as aromatics, olefins, carbonyl, amines, sulphides, and hydroxyl.
Strength of Learning and Growth Metrics in Non-Financial Organizational Performance
Authors: Dahal Rewant Kumar , Sharma Bhanu Bhakta , Shahi Bhupendra Jung
Published: July 2023

An organization can track its plan, communicate its progress and position, and record the actions and behaviors of its personnel by using performance measurement and management tools. The study's objective was to determine how an employee of a company learns and grows throughout his/her career to enhance the organization's overall performance. The quantitative research approach was followed, and data were collected by an organized questionnaire survey. Three hundred and three responses, utilizing the convenience sampling technique, were gathered from the working representatives of two large telecommunication service provider companies in Nepal. The study observed 17 learning and growth performance parameters to evaluate the non-financial organizational performance model. The model yielded statistically noteworthy ratios at p ≤ 0.05 for all measured parameters and supported hypothesized paths. The usage of non-financial performance metrics is growing, and it is not typical to use them as the primary metric for evaluating organizational performance. Hence, future researchers are advised to incorporate non-financial and financial metrics into organizational performance assessment and management systems.
Psychological Readiness of Pianist for Concert and Stage Activity as a Basis of His Performing Stability
Authors: I Yan
Published: July 2023

The author pays attention to the problem how to prepare a pianist for concert activity in front of a large audience from the point of view of interpreting musical works in order to form and demonstrate his performing stability. The article suggested the foundations for a comprehensive analysis of the conceptual content regarding the "psychological readiness of a pianist for concert and stage activity" from the standpoint of various branches of science. It was found that the specified phenomenon is a certain basis of the pianist's performance stability. The interdependence of the pianist's psychological readiness for concert and stage activity and the quality preparation of the concert program by him is the basic foundation for the successful concert activity of a musician. The author specified in detail the role of the synergy of these two factors in mobilizing the pianist's creative potential to clearly construct in his imagination a program of technical-tactical interpretation of musical works. They are also important for the successful implementation of the program with the help of faultless reproductions of executive skills under the influence of internal or external stressors on the course of the specified process. The creative and interpretative potential of the pianist is characterized from the standpoint of consolidation of his psychological and physiological resources aimed at achieving performance stability in concert and stage activities. It has been established that even a fragmentary awareness by a pianist of the conditions of a future concert and stage performance, taking into account the perspective of realizing personal creative and interpretive potential, plays an important role in strengthening personal motivation for the purposeful formation of psychological stability as a component of his performance stability. The article presents the specifics of the growth of the pianist's creative and interpretive potential, which is determined by the activation of his intellectual and figurative sphere, aimed at the imaginary "prediction" of stressors in the future concert and stage performance and the formation of psychological resistance to their negative effects. The author defines the innate and acquired properties of the pianist's psychological stability, emphasizing that they are manifested in the ability to avoid or neutralize the negative impact of stressors on the success of the performance process, as well as in the ability to mobilize the creative and interpretive potential for sensory-motor endurance or resistance to existing stressors. It has been proven that the functioning of the pianist's psychological stability under the conditions of stressors of concert and stage activity is made possible by the interaction of his cognitive processes with emotional and volitional states, the synergy of which makes it possible to achieve the desired result without involving the body's reserve forces