bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unravelling the Impact of an Additional Sex Chromosome in an Adult Female
Authors: George Sigin , Dagar Vikas , Chakrabarty Barun Kumar , Nagaraja N.
Published: July 2023

Women with Triple X syndrome (TXS) appear to be at increased risk for decreased ovarian reserve; however, available data are limited. We present an asyndromic adult female with features of recurrent pregnancy loss and decreased ovarian reserve detected with mosaic Triple X syndrome (TXS). The patient was initially evaluated by a low-cost peripheral blood (PB) conventional karyotyping using standard cytogenetic protocols. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridisation was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Chromosomal microarray, which is a more expensive test, substantiated the presence of additional X chromosomes but failed to detect the presence of low level of mosaicism. Our case study emphasised the recommendation of performing a strategy-based cost-effective cytogenetic evaluation of all cases of decreased ovarian reserve or low anti-Müllerian hormone levels in a resource-constrained setting. It also highlighted the need for additional research to understand the natural history of ovarian function in TXS affected women throughout their lifespans.
Outcome of Implant Diameter and Length on the Distribution of Stress with Immediate Loaded Implants: A 3D Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Kavitha G , Sonkesriya Subhash , Kumar K Anil , Almutairi Faris Jaser , Parmar Pravin M , Parihar Anuj Singh , Sonkar Tanu Priya
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

To assess the outcome of implant diameter and length on THE distribution of stress using a three-dimensional (3D) finite elements (FE) analysis, with immediate loading implants.

Materials and Methods:

This study made use of a 3D FE model of an implant encased in a chunk of bone. The LEADER/ITALIA-Fix type implant was created specifically for immediate loading. To create a solid model of the implant and bone and to carry out the FE analysis, the ANSYS V.12 programme was used.

Results:

The findings indicated that the neck of dental implants is the area of highest stress for all implant diameters and lengths, with an increase in implant length from 10 mm to 12 mm resulting in a slight raise in stress at the interface of implant-bone, and an increase in diameter from 3.75 mm to 4.25 mm having no appreciable impact on the value of stresses around dental implants.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that an increase in length has a negative effect on stress, while a diameter increase has no discernible impact on stress values.
Evaluation and Comparison of Impact Strength and Transverse Strength of Heat Polymerized Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) Denture Base Resin Repaired Using Heat Polymerizied PMMA Denture Base Resin, Auto-Polymerized PMMA Resin and A New Light Polymerizied Denture Resin: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Ajmal B Mohammed , Kushalappa PB Dhyan , Ahamed Saadath Afzaa S. , Kaur Manpreet , Shetty Akshay , Minz Manisha , Saleem C Mohammed , Raheel Syed A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Context:

Repaired denture prosthesisdemands adequate transverse and impact strength. A new repairdenture base resin- “Lukafix” require to fulfil these criteria.

Aims:

This study evaluates and compares the transverse and impact strength of heat polymerizing, auto polymerizing and LUKAfix denture resin.

Methods and Material:

20 specimens were control(without repair), and other were test specimens which were fractured and repaired with heat polymerized PMMA resin, chemically polymerized PMMA resin and LUKAfix light polymerizing denture resin. Each group wasdivided in two subgroups. Subgroup A was subjected to transverse strength test and subgroup B to impact strength test.

Statistical Analysis Used:

One way ANOVA was used to identify the mean difference among the four groups. Post-Hoc-Bonferroni was done to observe the difference between the groups.

Results:

Maximum transverse strength was observed in specimens repaired with heat polymerized (48.33 ± 9.19) and least in LUKAfix denture resin (6.56 ± 1.15). Also, impact strength was maximum for heat polymerized (3.64 ± 0.41) followed by LUKAfix denture resin (2.34 ± 0.44).

Conclusions:

Repair with LUKAfix denture resin resulted inferior transverse and impact strength as compared to heat polymerized PMMA resin.
Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions among Tobacco Consumers: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Singh Gajarathi , Preethi Bhosle , Chaitanya Kasi K. , Navyasree M. , Kumar T. Gautham , Kaushik Menta Satish
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Different lesions of mucosa can arise in people with a habit of tobacco usage. An assessment of prevalence of such lesions among tobacco consumers was done through this study.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 1000 persons were included in this cross-sectional survey. Individuals with a habit of tobacco usage in any form were included in the study. Demographic data were recorded for each study participant. Furthermore, all the participants were examined for associated oral lesions through toluene blue staining method.

Results:

Types of tobacco consumption reported were for bidi, cigarette, hookah, gutkha, zarda, pan masala, and supari. Different types of associated lesions that were observed included tobacco pouch keratosis, leukoplakia, smoker’s melanosis, erythroplakia, erythroleukoplakia, squamous cell carcinoma, sub-mucous fibrosis, and lichen planus in descending order. The oral sites involved were buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, floor of the mouth, gingiva, palate, and tongue in descending order.

Conclusion:

Various types of oral lesions can arise due to tobacco usage in different forms. The most common change observed is pouch keratosis in chewers and leukoplakia in smokers.
Correlation and Factors Influencing Knee Pain Status among Patients who Underwent Sleeve Gastrectomy in Saudi Arabia: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Alharbi Mohammed S. , Alshammari Ahmed O. , Albaker Abdulmalik B. , AlMohaini Reem A. , Alharbi Ahmed A. , Altammami Abdulaziz F.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The goal of this study was to see if there was a link between individuals who had a sleeve gastrectomy and their knee discomfort, as well as what factors could influence knee pain after a sleeve gastrectomy.

Materials and Methods:

The general population of Saudi Arabia was studied in this cross-sectional survey, which took place from August 2021 to February 2022. Only people who had had a sleeve gastrectomy and were experiencing knee discomfort were included in the research.

Results:

The results revealed that bariatric surgery had improved knee pain status in most of the participants (76%) while (12.1%) complained that the pain worsened after the surgery. The results also showed that nearly half of our participants (49.8%) that complain of knee pain have lost more than 35 kg after bariatric surgery, which illustrates the impact of a number of kilograms (kg) lost after bariatric surgery. Only (12.8%) of the participants considered physiotherapy as an intervention for their knee pain. Also, the results showed that severe pain was considerably more prevalent in the older age group and those with concomitant chronic disease.

Conclusions:

Our data revealed that a small percentage of participants had worsening knee discomfort, which might be connected to inactivity following sleeve gastrectomy surgery. As a result, we urge that further clinical studies be conducted to learn more about the exacerbation of knee pain after a gastrectomy.
Systematic Review on Copper Calcium Hydroxide Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Apical Periodontitis
Authors: Lina R Marlin , Sindhu R , Bharathwaj VV , Dhamodhar Dinesh , Sathiyapriya S , Prabu D , Rajmohan M
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Apical periodontitis is an inflammation and destruction of the periradicular tissues due to various insults to the pulp in the form of infection, trauma, and faulty dental procedures. Conditions regarding this are treated employing root canal therapy. Recent innovations show that copper calcium hydroxide nanoparticles and their electrophoresis can be used to treat apical periodontitis effectively. To evaluate the effectiveness of copper calcium hydroxide nanoparticles in the treatment of apical periodontitis, a literature search was done using PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Science Direct, and Lilacs using the MeSH (Medical Subject Heading) terms Copper calcium hydroxide, apical periodontitis, nanoparticles, and electrophoresis. Of a total of 167 articles screened, 44 were full-text articles assessed for eligibility and four articles were taken for the qualitative analysis. This review was recorded according to the PRISMA GUIDELINES. Four randomized controlled trials were included in the review process. The copper calcium hydroxide particles were compared with other root canal medicament materials. It was found that copper calcium hydroxide and its electrophoresis were used in the treatment of apical periodontitis and were found to be one of the effective methods. Copper calcium hydroxide nanoparticles were effective against the destruction of the periradicular tissues.
A Study to Assess Indian Patients’ Expectations of Check-Up and Diagnosis or Discussion about Treatment at their Initial Orthodontic Visit
Authors: Tanpure Vijaysinh R. , Palagiri Firoz B. , Kolhe Kunal K. , Wajekar Nimish A. , Pathak Snehal S. , Tanpure Amruta V. , Kumar Amit , Badiyani Bhumika K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To access the patient’s expectations of orthodontic treatment at the first visit.

Materials and Methods:

Three hundred new patients to the orthodontics department were included in the analysis. Their demographic details and their opinions on what they hoped to gain from orthodontic treatment were gleaned from their replies to a well-crafted questionnaire.

Results:

Most respondents were more concerned with the cosmetic results of orthodontic treatment than they were with the therapy’s practical benefits. They hoped that after having their teeth straightened, they would feel more comfortable interacting with others and have a better overall appearance. In terms of improving one’s job and making one’s speaking simpler, the mean scores were the lowest. The female participants averaged higher marks than the male participants across all areas studied, with the greatest mark coming in the area of improved smiles.

Conclusion:

An effective outcome from orthodontic therapy requires full patient participation. Before beginning treatment, it is important for the orthodontist and patient to have an agreement on the patient’s reasonable expectations for the therapy’s outcomes.
Effect of Ethyl Alcohol Wet Bonding on Shear Bond Strength in Orthodontic Brackets – An In vitro Study
Authors: Sivakumar Nishanth , Srinivasan Dilip , Chakravarthi Sushil , Kannan Ravi
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To evaluate the effect of ethyl alcohol wet bonding on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets.

Materials and Methods:

90 premolar teeth were collected and divided into 6 groups – conventional dry, conventional wet, MIP dry, MIP wet, ethanol dry, and ethanol wet. The teeth were bonded as per the requirements for each group. The teeth were then immersed in water to ensure complete polymerization. Shear bond strength was evaluated using a UTM machine and the ARI scores were also noted. Statistical analysis was done for the SBS and ARI scores obtained.

Results:

The highest SBS was obtained with conventional dry and the least SBS was obtained with conventional wet groups. The SBS of ethanol wet bonding was significantly less than that of the MIP wet group but was significantly more than the conventional wet group. ARI scores also suggested that there is more cohesive failure than adhesive failure in the wet MIP and ethanol groups.

Conclusion:

The mean SBS (6.5 MPa) was within the optimal bond strength as per the study by Reynolds et al. (1976). Ethanol can be used as a cheaper alternative to MIP.
Establishment of Cephalometric Norms using Tetragon Analysis in Bengali Population
Authors: Sarkar Darshana , Seth Subhas , Jyoti Divya , Hasan Mehedi , Pattanayak Adwitiya , Ojha Moitri
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The traits of craniofacial skeleton varies with race, ethnicity, and culture. Tetragon cephalometric analysis, first given by J Fastlight, et al. in 2000, consist of simple and efficient method of measuring the maxillomandibular relationship and their relation with cranial base.

Aims of the Study:

urpose of study is to establish cephalometric norms for tetragon analysis in the Bengali population and differences between Bengali males and females.

Materials and Methods:

A sample of 100 cephalometric radiographs of class I non-orthodontic subjects aged between 18 and 25 years were traced manually and parameters were statistically analyzed by independent t-test using SPSS software.

Results:

When compared to Fastlicht’s Caucasian norms, the upper and lower jaws of the Bengali people are more prognathic and their incisors are relatively proclined. Both jaws were convergent in Bengali population (horizontal growth pattern). Bengali females had a more protrusive upper jaw, proclined anterior teeth, and vertical growth pattern when compared to Bengali males.

Conclusion:

Tetragon analysis is an efficient tool to quickly assess the dentoalveolar and jaw relations to formulate treatment goals and to compare treatment outcomes.
A Systematic Review on Comparison of Periapical Healing and Post-Operative Pain between Bioceramic and Epoxy Resin Based Sealers
Authors: Mahajan Deepali , Manocha Devansh , Patel Priyesha , Saraiya Maulik B. , Chaniyara Keral
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

To compare the incidence of postoperative discomfort and periapical healing in endodontically treated teeth following the use of resin-based or bioceramic sealers. In vivo, clinical trials were included in the study. The selection criteria, data extraction, and analysis were performed to evaluate the quality and publication bias of the selected studies. The primary outcome measure was the comparison of postoperative discomfort between the two sealer types. Seven studies were included in the systematic review, with a modest level of evidence found in the quality assessment. There are no significant differences in the postoperative discomfort levels between resin-based and bioceramic sealers. However, the overall quality of the clinical trials was moderate, highlighting the need for further well-designed clinical trials with appropriate measures of randomization, allocation concealment, and blinding to establish a definitive conclusion on the incidence of Postoperative discomfort associated with the use of these sealers.
Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidity and Stress Burden among Patients with Limb Fracture
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Singal Shekhar , Chaudhary Rupesh , Kochar Sunil
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To assess the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and stress burden among the patients with limb fractures and compare them with age and gender matched control group.

Materials and Methods:

The cross-sectional study was conducted on 25 patients each of lower and upper limb fractures, presenting 2 weeks or more after the fracture to orthopedics OPD of Dayanand Medical College and Hospital. Psychiatric manifestations and stress burden were assessed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.), perceived stress scale (PSS), and impact of event scale-revised (IES-R) on the patients. It was compared to an equal number of age and gender matched normal control group.

Results:

Majority of the patients with limb fractures were male (70%). The upper limb fracture was in age group of 18–30 years (52%), and those with lower limb fracture were >50 years of age (48%). Most common psychiatric morbidity seen in patients was major depressive disorder (52%) which was statistically significant in comparison with control group. The impact of trauma on patients resulted in avoidance and hyperarousal symptoms significantly in lower limb fracture patients than upper limb ones (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The long bone injuries in patient cause significant psychiatric morbidity which increases the stress burden in such patients due to immobility and pain.
Correlation of Body Mass Index (BMI) with Saliva and Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients
Authors: Patel Bhumika J , Mehta Dhaval N. , Vaghani Ansee , Patel Keyur
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To compare and correlate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and blood and salivary glucose (mean values) in patients with diabetes and non-diabetic control group patients.

Materials and Methods:

In the study, 100 patients were included, 50 patients each-patients with diabetes and non-diabetic control group. Each patient had their BMI measured as well as unstimulated whole saliva collected and blood drawn.

Results:

When compared to BMI, blood glucose (mean), and salivary glucose (mean) in healthy controls, BMI, blood glucose, and salivary glucose values in diabetic patients were considerably higher.

Conclusion:

Patients who have a higher BMI are more likely to develop diabetes.
Immediate Response of Diode Laser on the Microbial Load in Subjects with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Toshi  , Mayuri Sneha , Prasad Mayuri , Raj Nikhil , Kedia Monica R. , Himabindu L
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Chronic periodontitis is the most common dental disease reported globally as well as in India. Periodontal pathogens are usually seen in samples of gingival tissues, crevicular blood, GCF (gingival crevicular fluid), and dental plaque. Apart from the conventional mechanical treatment, laser disinfection is a recent advancement that change shows greater efficacy in reducing the disease progression and changing the bacterial flora.

Aim:

The present study aimed to assess the Immediate response of diode laser on the microbial load in subjects with chronic Periodontitis as assessed in saliva, crevicular blood, and GCF (gingival crevicular fluid) samples.

Materials and Methods:

The study recruited 90 subjects with chronic periodontitis. For split-mouth fashion, the mouth, of each participant was divided into two halves and was divided into two groups randomly. Group I (test group) subjects underwent laser disinfection (970 ± 15 nm). Group II subjects served as controls and underwent saline irrigation. For all participants, crevicular blood, saliva, and GCF samples were collected before and immediately following disinfection for microbial analysis.

Results:

Microbial load reduction was seen in both groups following treatment. However, a significantly higher reduction was seen in the test group with laser disinfection. Compared to the crevicular blood sample, a greater reduction was seen in saliva and GCF samples.

Conclusion:

The present study concludes that Diode Laser (970 ± 15 nm) application shows an immediate reduction of the bacterial load in subjects with chronic periodontitis.
Three Dimensional Evaluation of Accuracy of Bracket Positioning
Authors: Fafat Kapil Kamal Kishor , Jain Deepali , Pandit Susmita Kumari , Kharbanda Rythm , Trivedy Pragya , Gupta Ekta
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The success of orthodontic treatment depends on accurate bracket placement, so researchers are constantly exploring new direct and indirect bonding methods with the help of cutting-edge imaging technologies like cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), which provides full three-dimensional visualization of tissues down to the root of the tooth.

Aim:

The primary goals of this analysis are to determine the degree of section angulation and adhesive thickness, as well as the accuracy of the vertical and flat section positions. The correlation between total clinical crown height, minor edge to focus of section, and minimum edge to complete curve crown length is one of several possible goals of this investigation (FACC).

Materials and Methods:

Currently, 10 patients aged 15-30 who needed fixed appliance treatment were enrolled in an in vivo research conducted by the orthodontics department. Cases with and without extractions of the crooked teeth were counted. Full mouth analysis is being used in this investigation. Ten patients were selected at random and placed in either Group A (the study group) or Group B (the control group) (control group). Group A bonds are more indirect, whereas group B bonds are more like “normal” direct bonds. We used a Canon 700D camera, a biocompatible transparent 3D printing resin, and a 3M Gemini MBT.022 in bracket kit for CT scanning and imaging. Brackets are placed by experienced orthodontists in both treatment groups.

Result:

There is a statistically significant (P 0.05) difference between the indirect and direct bonding group when all five factors are taken into account, with the indirect bonding group demonstrating superiority in terms of accuracy.

Conclusion:

The results of the current investigation support the premise that there is a clinically significant difference between direct bonding and 3D indirect bonding in terms of bracket placement accuracy.
Clinical and CBCT Assessment of Crestal Bone Changes in Immediate and Delayed Placement of Implant
Authors: Kumar Randhir , Priyadarshini Smita R , Gotoorkar Shreyas Surendra , Sidhu Ruhi , Almutairi Faris Jaser , Kandasamy Baburajan , Ramaiah Vardarajula Venkata
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

The present research was done to assess the crestal bone changes in immediate and delayed dental implant placement.

Materials and Method:

Twenty four implant sites in participants within the age group of 25-60 years in both genders were done with immediate (Group I) and delayed implant (Group II) placement method. Clinical parameters such as pain, mobility, and radiographic assessment for crestal bone alterations were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months.

Results and Conclusion:

On intergroup assessment, the mean variation of the pain, mobility, and crestal bone loss was insignificant.
Nicotina Stomatitis – A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Anbuselvan Gobichettipalayam Jagatheeswaran , Srivandhana Rajamani , Yamunadevi Andamuthu , Rajasekar Murugan , Nallasivam KU , Harshini Senthilkumar , Anbazhagan Kavinkumar Krishnaswamy
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Nicotina stomatitis is the inflammation of the minor salivary glands present in the hard palate due to chronic smoking habit. The patients are mostly symptomless and present with multiple red discrete papules in the hard palate surrounded by grayish white areas. The histopathology of the lesion is discussed and cessation of the smoking habit treats the condition within 2-4 weeks.
Suppression of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-5 (FGFR5) has no Impact on Axon Regeneration after SCI
Authors: Alhajlah Sharif
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

One of the most common forms of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) injuries is spinal cord injury (SCI), and any lesion to the CNS can result in a lifelong functional impairment since CNS axons cannot regenerate. The relative axon regenerating genes following spinal SCI were examined using the regenerative SN, pSN + DC, and non-regenerating DC lesion models. By using qRT-PCR, we discovered that fibroblast growth factor receptor-5 (FGFR5) was 4.2-fold more highly expressed in non-regeneration lesions compared to intact control and regenerating animals. Furthermore, in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGN), short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of FGFR5 had no effect on DRGN neurite outgrowth, indicating that the gene’s suppression has no effect on axon regeneration and may play other roles in the CNS besides axon regeneration.
Comparative Evaluation of Extrusion of Apical Debris and Irrigant using Three Different Rotary Systems with Conventional Irrigation Methods - An In vitro Study
Authors: Hora Baljeet Singh , Singh Kundan Kumar , Pawar Madhura , Kumar Amit , Arya Ashtha , Oak Anjali
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The present study aimed to compare and evaluate debris and irrigant extrusion from curved root canals using different rotary systems.

Materials and Methods:

30 single-rooted mandibular canines were used in this study. The crown was decoronated, working length and initial apical diameter were established. A 1.5% agar gel model was used in this study. Samples were assigned randomly into 3 groups (n = 10 teeth per group). Protaper Next, OneShape, and Hanudent files were used according to the manufacturers’ instructions for canal instrumentation. Apically extruded debris and irrigant was were computed by deducting the initial weight of the test apparatus without a tooth from its weight after the biomechanical preparation. Comparative analysis of the amount of apically extruded debris and irrigant for each of the instruments and the experimental models was performed.

Results:

The statistically significant difference was found between the three experimental groups. (P < .05). Among all the groups least extrusion was observed in the Protaper Next group when used in combination with conventional irrigation.

Conclusion:

All the instruments produced apically extruded debris and irrigant, but the maximum was seen with OneShape among the experimental groups.
Risk Factors and Visual Sequel of Non-Arteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Jarallah Othman Jarallah , Alsakran Wael A. , Galvez Alberto
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To provide the demographic data, risk factors, and visual prognosis of patients from a Saudi population diagnosed with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective observational case series of 120 patients (146 eyes) with NAION from the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital or King Abdulaziz University Hospital from 1998 to 2015. Patients with other retinal pathology or glaucoma were excluded from the study. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was performed to compare the long-term assessment between diabetic and non-diabetic patients and its effects on NAION.

Results:

The mean duration of follow-up was 1.7 ± 2.4 years. The mean age of the study population was 55.0 ± 10.1 years. NAION was present in the fellow eye of 26 patients, and the median time for involvement was less than 1 year from the presentation. There was no significant difference in the best-corrected visual acuity between diabetics and non-diabetics at presentation or last visit (P = 0.868, P = 0.599, respectively).

Conclusions:

The majority of patients with NAION also had coexisting diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus had no significant effect on NAION during the presentation, follow-up, and last visit.
In vitro Isolation and Characterization of Multipotent Postnatal Stem Cells from Human Dental Pulp: An Approach for Regeneration of Neural Crest Tissue
Authors: Fatima Nikhat , Khan Aleem A. , Vishwakarma Sandeep K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Postnatal dental pulp tissues give the proper justification of the stem cell assimilation and characteristic of the multipotent of the stem cells. Researchers use an in vitro isolation process for clarifying the different stages of staining and cell division. Data collected from various sources helps in understanding how the stem cells help in tissue regeneration. It highlights the immunological phenotypes with the synthesis with cDNA for mentioning molecular immunology. Study also mentions the mitochondrial consistency to measure the potentiality regarding the immunology and the way it differs from 0 to 21 days. Researchers also mention the way for the future development by utilizing the key advantages and definite multipotent of the dental stem cells.
Role of Living Anatomy in Medical Education: A Narrative Review
Authors: Asad Mohammad R. , Al Mutairi Ahmed , AlZahrani Raed E. , Ahmed Mohammad M. , Nazeer Mohammed , Taha Mohamed
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

There has been a significant change noticed in the way in how anatomy is taught and learned in last two decades. The use of teaching approaches such as body painting, peer physical examination, medical imaging, and virtual anatomy software in the teaching and learning of living anatomy was made possible by advancements in medical technology. This study focuses on a review of the historical context and contemporary developments in teaching and learning of live and surface anatomy with a special emphasis on its pedagogical elements, some opinions of medical educationists, and undergraduates.

Conclusions:

It is suggested that living anatomy be included as a core subject in the curriculum. Learning about living anatomy will be improved in an integrated and pertinent framework with the inclusion and execution of teaching and learning modalities such as body painting, peer physical examination, medical imaging, and virtual anatomy software.
Assessment of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients Receiving Corticobasal Dental Implants
Authors: Sahoo Sanjay K. , Mishra Silpiranjan , Chinnannavar Sangamesh Ningappa , Bajoria Atul A. , Das Asutosh , Singh Dhirendra K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Among various treatment modalities for tooth replacement, dental implants are considered the best one. This study assessed the effects of smoking, periodontitis, and diabetes on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients receiving corticobasal dental implants.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred twenty patients of either gender who received corticobasal dental implants were enrolled. All were subjected to Oral Health Impact Profile-20 (OHIP-20) for dental implant patients (OHRQoL questionnaire). The patient satisfaction level was measured on a scale with points ranging from 0 to 5. The value 0 indicates no satisfaction, whereas the value 5 shows highly satisfied.

Results:

Of 120 patients, males were 70 and females were 50. The overall satisfaction level was 4.92, articulation speech was 4.12, implants were 4.80, and construction was 4.88. The overall satisfaction, articulation speech, implants, and construction values in patients with and without diabetes were 4.90 vs 4.93, 4.56 vs 4.86, 4.76 vs 4.92, and 4.94 vs 4.83, respectively. The overall satisfaction, articulation speech, implants, and construction values in patients with and without smoking were 4.83 vs 4.91, 4.52 vs 4.88, 4.70 vs 4.82, and 4.12 vs 4.84, respectively. The overall satisfaction, articulation speech, implants, and construction values in patients with and without periodontitis were 4.72 vs 4.96, 4.52 vs 4.88, 4.73 vs 4.98, and 4.81 vs 4.95, respectively. The overall satisfaction, articulation speech, implants, and construction values in patients with one to three risk factors and control were 4.85 vs 4.96, 4.82 vs 4.94, 4.88 vs 4.97, and 4.76 vs 4.86, respectively. There was a significant difference in pain, infections and/or swelling, sleeping problems, problems with self-confidence, taste, chewing discomfort and/or difficulties, and influence on food choice before and after in patients treated with corticobasal dental implants (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The satisfaction level is higher after obtaining corticobasal dental implants in patients with diabetes, smoking, and periodontitis as compared to control. Thus, corticobasal dental implants may be considered alternate treatment options for these patients.
Accuracy and Reliability of Different Approaches for the Assessment of Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rai Alisha , Sharma Nidhi , Jain Sanjeev Kumar , Lalwani Astha , Sharma Sonika
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

There had been various methods employed for the evaluation of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength. The aim of the study was to do a systemic review of these methods for a better understanding of these techniques and to find the best appropriate method. A systemic review of the literature was done using three databases that included: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science using the keywords “pelvic floor anatomy” and “functional anatomy of pelvic floor muscles” from 1985 to 2022. All the studies involved were analyzed for the methodologies used by the researcher, advantages, disadvantages, and the conclusion of the study. A total of 1,876 studies were found, out of which only 64 met the criteria of inclusion. In these studies, seven methods were used for the determination of PFM strength. These methods included: clinical palpation, perineometer, electromyography, dynamometer, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and vaginal cones. The PFM cannot be calculated accurately using any one measuring technique. There is therefore no “gold standard” approach to PFM assessment. However, combining these methods will result in the best outcomes. According to the literature review, the most often employed procedures were digital palpation, perineometry, and Ultrasonography (USG).
Effect of Commercially Available Nano-Hydroxyapatite Containing Desensitizing Toothpaste and Mouthwash on Dentinal Tubular Occlusion: A SEM Analysis
Authors: Gupta Ira , Chauhan Suruchi , Amaranath B. J. Janardhana , Das Neelam , Johnson Lynn , Mehrotra Vishal
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the dentinal tubule occlusion using nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) containing toothpaste and mouthwash under a scanning electron microscope. The specimens were randomly divided into two groups with five specimens each: group 1—toothpaste group and group 2—mouthwash group. The percentage of the occluded dentinal tubules was assessed at the baseline, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days under a scanning electron microscope. The toothpaste group showed a higher percentage of occluded dentinal tubules as compared to the mouthwash group at the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days, respectively. It can be concluded that brushing twice daily with n-HAP containing toothpaste for duration of 28 days produced good dentinal tubule occlusion.
A Cross-Sectional Study to Find the Correlation between the Level of Fluoride in Drinking Water, Dental Fluorosis and Associated Risk Factors- A Original Research
Authors: Manikandan Saranya , Ramesh Maya , Yoithapprabhunath Thuckanaickenpalayam Ragunathan , Kandasamy Kiruthika , Ponnusamy Priyadharsana , Vishnuvarthan Aparna
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The present study was conducted to assess the relationship between drinking water fluoride (F) levels, dental fluorosis dental caries, and associated risk factors in the elderly population.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 50 patients aged 25–60 years, selected by stratified random sampling from different areas with different levels of naturally occurring F in drinking water. The patients were assessed for dental fluorosis according to WHO basic survey guidelines. The overall oral health status of the patients was assessed by decayed missing filled teeth DMFT index and the bacterial count of saliva was calculated using the Caries Risk Test (CRT). Statistical analysis was done using mean, standard deviation, standard error, Z-test, Mann-Whitney U Test, and Chi-square test.

Results:

The results of the present study revealed that the prevalence of fluorosis was 24%. The number of patients with dental fluorosis was highest in those who consumed water with high groundwater fluoride levels irrespective of the source of drinking water. Caries prevalence in the study population was about 5.56 ± 1.95.

Conclusion:

There was a moderate prevalence of fluorosis in patients, and caries prevalence is high in areas below optimal F areas. Caries prevalence and mean DMFT scores were least common in patients with optimal fluoride levels in drinking water and highest in those with below optimal fluoride in drinking water.
Comparison and Evaluation of Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) with Intracanal Medicament on Periapical Healing
Authors: Das Maneesha , Rasool Nadia , Raghavendra Koti , Satyarth Saurabh , David Elvis Chiramel , Sarangi Priyanka
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Photobiomodulation (PBM), also commonly referred to as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), uses light energy to elicit biological responses from the cell and normalize cell function. 40 persons with periapical lesions were selected and were assigned randomly into two groups.Group I - Conventional root canal therapy and low-level laser therapy. Group II – Conventional root canal therapy Root canal therapy was completed, and radiographs were obtained and assessed 3, 6, and 9 months postoperative. VAS pain scale was assessed postoperatively on 0, 7th, and 14th days respectively. An independent t-test was used for the evaluation of the data. No significant difference was noted for postoperative pain and PAI scale between both groups Significant difference was noted in the reduction of the periapical lesions for 3 and 9 months follow up, but was not significant for 6 months. The healing was better in Group I which received Low-level laser therapy with the conventional root canal treatment. Low-level laser therapy can be the newer additional treatment modality that can be applied to the periapical lesion for its faster healing.
An Online Survey to Examine the Dental Students Awareness, Knowledge, Prevention and Early Detection of Oral Cancer
Authors: Dixit Arti , Parekh Nirav Hemant , Anand Rakesh , Kamal Nitesh , Kumar Amit , Badiyani Bhumika Kamal
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Although oral cancer is known to be particularly aggressive and to have a poor prognosis, early detection is often connected with a better outlook. Consequently, the purpose of this research was to evaluate dental students’ and interns’ understanding of oral cancer prevention strategies and practices, as well as their motivations for engaging in such efforts.

Material and Methods:

The dental interns and undergraduates in their last years of the dental school participated in a cross-sectional questionnaire study. All eligible participants (N = 300) were asked to fill out a 48-item questionnaire on oral cancer prevention and early detection. The questionnaire was broken down into four parts covering demographic information, knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes.

Results:

The percentage of people who answered the survey was 65% (N = 300). Interns outperformed dentistry school freshmen by a substantial margin (P = 0.05) on tests of both knowledge and attitude. Some people avoid being screened for oral cancer because they feel they do not have the knowledge, skills, self-assurance, or time to do so effectively.

Conclusions:

The majority of those polled in this research seemed to lack the necessary knowledge and abilities in mouth cancer prevention and early detection, but they had high levels of desire and a positive outlook toward oral cancer preventive education.
Efficacy of Cucurmin and Aloevera Extracts Gel as Local Drugs Delivery Agents
Authors: Borgohain Raktapratim , Fatima Nikhat , Bagde Hiroj , Dhanai Anishka , Mukherjee Koushik , Joshi Prerna
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The usage of antimicrobials as local drug delivery (LDD) agents in the treatment of periodontitis has posed limitations due to the development of bacterial resistance, high cost, and unavailability, thus indicating the need for safer and economic alternatives.

Methodology:

A split-mouth randomized clinical trial was carried out on 10 patients. Three sites in different quadrants were assigned, treatment modality of scaling and root planing (SRP) alone, SRP with LDD of curcumin gel, and SRP with LDD of 99% pure aloe vera gel, respectively. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and on 30th day postoperatively.

Results:

Curcumin and aloe vera in addition to SRP demonstrated improvements in clinical parameters, though 99% aloe vera extract produced more statistically significant results when used as an LDD agent, as shown in intergroup comparisons for changes in periodontal parameters.

Conclusion:

Curcumin 10mg (Curenext) and 99% aloe vera extract as LDD along with regular mechanical debridement is a promising therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Microbiological and Clinical Evaluation of Efficacy of Locally Delivered Tetracycline in Conjunction with Scaling and Root Planning
Authors: Sharma Pragya , Mehta Parshad , Manocha Devansh , Bansal Sandesh J. , Dutta Brahmananda , Kosuri Vidya D.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Chronic periodontitis is an infectious disease which is multifactorial in etiology. The red complex bacteria have an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing the synthetic trypsin substrate, N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-napthylamide (BANA). Tetracycline as a bacteriostatic agent is used in the treatment of periodontitis.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate clinically and microbiologically the efficacy of tetracycline fibers in conjunction with scaling and root planning in chronic periodontitis patients.

Methodology:

A Split mouth clinical and microbiological randomized control study was done to compare the clinical effects of subgingivally delivered antimicrobial bioabsorbable controlled release 2 mg tetracycline fibers as an adjunct to scaling and root planning on one side and comparing the other side treated only with scaling and root planning only.

Result:

Showed both scaling and root planning and the use of tetracycline an adjunct with scaling and root planning are equally effective.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that Scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without use of adjunct local drug delivery agent like tetracycline is effective in treating chronic periodontitis.
Effect of Scaling and Root Planing in Conjunction with Antimicrobial Therapy on Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Bagde Hiroj , Sharma Ashish K. , Chaubey Priyanka P. , Benjamin Niharika , Ghosh Debasmita , Kaushal Laxmi
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Scaling and root planing with systemic doxycycline had an effect on blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients, according to the results of a glycosylated hemoglobin assay. The trial was conducted to determine whether periodontal therapy affected blood sugar regulation as a result of this finding.

Methods:

A total of 60 people with type 2 diabetes (diabetes mellitus not caused by insulin deficiency) were split into three groups. Group I (control group) consists of patients who are only taking an oral anti-diabetic medication. Patients on an oral anti-diabetic drug plus scaling and root planing make up group II. Patients on an oral anti-diabetic drug, scaling, root planing, and doxycycline constitute Group III. The patients were re-evaluated for glycated hemoglobin levels and periodontal status using the clinical parameters of gingival index by Loe and Silness and clinical attachment level at baseline, 30th, 60th, and 90th day.

Results:

Compared with group II, the findings showed a statistically significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin values (p =0.001) and improvements in clinical attachment level (p =0.022, 0.05) and gingival index (p = 0.009.,01) in group III. In the control group (group I), no such finding was made. The average gingival index, however, increased statistically significantly (p = 0.032, 0.05).

Conclusion:

Various studies have been showing the benefits of non-surgical periodontal therapy as a benefit for improving the overall glycemic status of the patient. Non-surgical mechanical periodontal therapy combined with systemic administration of antimicrobials such as doxycycline enhances the metabolic status of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients better than non-surgical mechanical periodontal therapy alone.
A Comparative Evaluation of Vertical Marginal Gap for Vented and Precemented Cad-Cam Zirconium Copings on Angulated Abutments: An In vitro Study
Authors: Passanha Divya N. , Sankeshwari Banashree , Pattanshetti Channaveer , Dhole Rohit , Miyyapuram Sonica , Zawar Yash
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To evaluate vertical marginal gap after cementation of Zr (zirconium) copings with palatal vent, open vent, and precementation technique on angulated abutments resulting from cement entrapment between intaglio surface of copings and angulated abutments.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-four angled abutments and 24 CAD-CAM Zr copings were assigned to three groups depending on the type of cementation technique, comprising eight copings with palatal vent, open vent, and no vent, respectively. Vertical marginal gaps between abutment shoulder and coping margin were evaluated at four points: buccal, palatal, mesial, and distal. The readings were statistically analyzed.

Results:

The average mean value of vertical marginal gap at all sites for Group A with palatal vent was 158.45, for Group B with open vent was 151.84, and for Group C using precementation technique was 163.58. A statistically non-significant difference was seen for values between all sites (P > 0.05) for all groups.

Conclusion:

The average vertical marginal gap for Group B was comparatively lower compared to Groups A and C.
To Evaluate the Level of Awareness of Patients About Existing Oral Precancerous Lesions: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Anjum Bushra , Singh Gajarathi , Pappu Sarathchandra , Soorneedi Neeharika , Likitha Bhumireddy , Kommalapati Vatsalya
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The prevalence of oral cancer and other oral premalignant diseases (OPMDs) is increasing. Particularly among lower socioeconomic countries, awareness with respect to oral cancer is quite poor. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the level of awareness of patients about existing oral precancerous lesions.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty people with existing oral precancerous lesions whose diagnosis was confirmed by a clinician’s examination were included in this research. Questions were asked of patients to fill out a questionnaire; those with cancer, non-precancerous red or white lesions, or no lesions in the mouth were not included. Questions on demographics, precancer knowledge, precancer information sources, and tobacco/betel chewing, smoking, and alcohol use were included in the survey. Informed by prior research and knowledge of precancerous lesions and circumstances, a closed-ended questionnaire was developed.

Results:

The study found that just 44 percent of participants were aware that they had oral lesions or diseases. Self-examination was the most common method (81.82%), followed by inquiring with friends and family (9.09%) and medical professionals (9%). Most patients (41.67 percent) learn about oral precancers via the media, followed by posters and banners (33.33%), friends and family (12.5%), other sources (8.33%), and physicians (4.17%). About half of the patients with oral precancers chewed tobacco for 11 years on average, doing so 4-5 times a day. Another 38% smoked and drank alcohol, also at 4-5 times a day. Oral lichen planus (16%), Oral Submucous fibrosis (12%), and Erythroplakia (12%) were shown to be the next most common oral lesions after tobacco pouch keratosis (30%) and leukoplakia (30%).

Conclusion:

Research indicates that few people are aware of the existence of oral precancerous lesions or diseases. Patients’ awareness of oral precancerous lesions/conditions was shown to be significantly influenced by media such as television, radio, posters, and banners.