bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mediating Role of Rumination in the Relationship Between Fear of Disease Progression and Family Function in Ischemic stroke Patients
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Yuan Xiaorong , Yang Jin , Li Xiuchuan , Yao Qian , Ye Ting , Huang Yunman , Lan Junao , Zhang Xianqin , Luo Jian , Zhu Bin , Yang Zheng
Published: August 2024

Background This study investigates the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between family function and the fear of disease progression in Ischemic stroke patients. Methods A survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, Fear of Progression-Questionnaire-Short Form(FoP-Q-SF), Family Assessment Device༈FAD༉, and Chinese Version of Event Related Rumination Inventory(C-ERRI) among 285 Ischemic stroke patients. Results The total score of fear of disease progression in Ischemic stroke patients was (SD = 28.12 ± 9.25). Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between fear of disease progression and family function (r = 0.69, P < 0.01), a positive correlation between fear of disease progression and total rumination,the invasive rumination (r = 0.46,0.60, P < 0.01), and an negative correlation between family function and total rumination,invasive rumination(r = 0.38,0.61,P < 0.01). The chain mediation model indicated that family function directly effect on fear of disease progression(β = 0.18,P < 0.01),The direct effect of family function on fear of disease progression had a 95% confidence interval [0.14–0.22].Invasive rumination has a partial mediating effect between family function and fear of disease progression༈β = 0.07,P < 0.01༉, the indirect effect had a 95% confidence interval [0.04–0.10].The proportion of the effect mediated was 28.16%. These results indicate that the partial mediating effect of invasive rumination is significant. Conclusions Fear of disease progression in Ischemic stroke patients is at a moderate level, and invasive rumination significantly mediate the relationship between family function and fear of disease progression.
An In-vitro Evaluation of a New Approach in AMD: Effects of the Combination of Resveratrol and Anti- VEGFs on ARPE-19 Cells
Authors: KONUKCU Onur , ARGUN Mehmet , ÇELİK Ömer , TÖK Özlem , TÖK Levent , NAZIROĞLU Mustafa
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to determine how resveratrol combination separately with the anti-VEGF agents ranibizumab, aflibercept and ziv-aflibercept affects ARPE-19 cells in vitro. The cells were assigned to twelve groups as follows: Control, Cobalt Chloride (Cob), Resveratrol (RSV), Ranibizumab (RNZ), Aflibercept (AFL), Ziv-aflibercept (ZFL), RNZ + RSV, AFL + RSV, ZFL + RSV, RNZ + RSV + Cob, AFL + RSV + Cob and ZFL + RSV + Cob. The Control group was incubated for 48 hours with no treatment, while the remaining groups received RSV, RNZ, AFL or ZFL (alone or in combination) for 24 hours and then the cells in the relevant groups were exposed to CoCl2 for 24 hours more. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (MitROS), cytosolic reactive oxygen species (CytROS), mitochondrial membrane depolarization (MitDep), caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, cell viability, apoptosis and VEGF-A levels were assessed by confocal microscopy, plate reader and ELISA techniques. Resveratrol, alone or in combination with anti-VEGF’s, significantly decreased the levels of MitROS, MitDep, CytROS, caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 (p < 0.001). Resveratrol also increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis and VEGF-A levels (p < 0.001). According to our findings, combining resveratrol with anti-VEGFs may have a beneficial therapeutic effect on the treatment of AMD.
Unveiling insights into drought-tolerant responses in soybean: a data-driven pipeline for feature engineering in biomarker discovery
Authors: Kao Pei-Hsiu , Baiya Supaporn , Lee Chong-Wei , Tseng Chia-Wen , Chen Shu-Yun , Huang Yen-Hsiang , Kao Chung-Feng
Published: August 2024

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important global food crop but is highly vulnerable to environmental changes, particularly drought. Conventional strategies of biomarkers discovery for developing drought-tolerant varieties are resource-intensive, inefficient, and without comprehensive insight. The current study proposed a novel data-driven pipeline for feature engineering through integrating diverse genetic data from multidisciplinary research on cloud-based sources in identification of key drought-tolerant genes (DTgenes) in soybean. Our pipeline involved data extraction, transformation, loading, and systematic integration of both omics and non-omics data. Feature prioritization was performed for feature selection to uncover the important biomarkers from feature pool (candidate gene pool), and key DTgenes were identified through integrative systems biology strategies based on the biomarker candidates. The validation of identified key DTgenes was carried out by both computational and molecular experiments approach. Both approaches demonstrated the credibility and potential of the key DTgenes for conferring drought tolerance response in soybean. This data-driven pipeline for feature engineering approach enhances the efficiency and accuracy of biomarkers discovery for further breeding program, which uncover a robust key DTgenes candidate which contribute to drought tolerance improvement in soybean and show potential of applicability for other crop species.
Inhibitory effects of the combination of rapamycin with gemcitabine plus paclitaxel on the growth of pancreatic cancer tumors
Authors: Jobu Yuri , Nishigawa Miki , Furihata Kaoru , Furihata Mutsuo , Uchida Kazushige , Taniuchi Keisuke
Published: August 2024

We previously examined the antitumor effects of short interfering RNA nanoparticles targeting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in an orthotopic pancreatic cancer mouse model. We herein report the inhibitory effects of the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin on tumor growth in a novel established mouse model of pancreatic cancer using human pancreatic cancer cell line-derived organoids. Gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel are clinically used to treat advanced pancreatic cancer. In vitro assays showed that rapamycin strongly inhibited cell invasion, while gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, and gemcitabine plus paclitaxel primarily inhibited cell proliferation with minimal effects on invasion. In vivo mouse experiments demonstrated that rapamycin exhibited superior antitumor activity to S-1 (a metabolically activated prodrug of 5-fluorouracil) and another mTOR inhibitor, everolimus, while its efficacy was similar to that of gemcitabine plus paclitaxel (which was used instead of nab-paclitaxel due to concerns about allergic reactions in mice to human albumin) in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer using human pancreatic cancer cell line-derived organoids. Furthermore, the combination of rapamycin with gemcitabine plus paclitaxel exerted synergistic inhibitory effects on the growth of pancreatic cancer tumors. Although the inhibition of tumor growth was significantly stronger with everolimus-treated mice than in control mice, it did not exert additive anti-growth effects when combined with gemcitabine plus paclitaxel. The present results suggest that the combination of rapamycin with gemcitabine plus paclitaxel achieved the greatest reduction in tumor volumes in the mouse xenograft model and, thus, has significant clinical promise.
Asymmetry Plus Association Models for Ordinal Square Contingency Tables
Authors: Fujisawa Kengo , Makishima Koki , Tahata Kouji
Published: August 2024

In contingency table analysis, statistical models have been used to study the linkage between variables. The independent model is used to analyze whether or not there is an association between variables.In particular, a contingency table in which the rows and columns consist of the same classification is called a square contingency table, and in square contingency table analysis, the variables are strongly related to each other and independence is not established.In this case, alternative statistical models are considered instead of the independence model.For instance, symmetric or asymmetric models have been proposed, which show symmetric or asymmetric structure for cell probabilities. A number of association models have also been considered to analyze complex data.In this paper, we propose models that include both asymmetry and association structures. We provide some theorems on the necessary and sufficient conditions of a certain model based on the proposed model.Additionally, we prove that the likelihood ratio statistic for our models are separable into two statistics. These theorems help interpret results.
Coordination environments of platinum single atom catalysts from NMR fingerprints
Authors: Coperet Christophe , Koppe Jonas , Yakimov Alexander , Gioffrè Domenico , Usteri Marc-Eduard , Vosegaard Thomas , Pintacuda Guido , Lesage Anne , Pell Andrew , Mitchell Sharon , Pérez-Ramírez Javier
Published: August 2024

Single atom catalysts (SACs) have revolutionized the field of catalysis achieving an unprecedented level of control and metal utilization for solid materials, approaching what is expected with molecular catalysts.1-3 Establishing structure-activity relationships for their wide-ranging applications requires precise elucidation of the metal coordination environment, which remains a grand challenge.1,2 While electron microscopy reveals atomic dispersion, only average coordination environments can be deduced from state-of-the-art spectroscopic methods used in heterogeneous catalysis. Here, we establish 195Pt solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as a powerful methodology to acquire NMR signatures across a series of Pt-SACs dispersed on carbon based supports. Monte-Carlo simulations allow the conversion of NMR signatures into SAC fingerprints that describe local coordination environments with molecular precision and enable to quantitatively assess Pt-site distribution and homogeneity. This methodology can track the influence of synthetic parameters, e.g., specific protocols, synthetic steps and type of supports, on Pt-SAC structures, to guide the reproducible development of SACs with targeted structures. Such development provides a blueprint for the quantitative assessment of larger SAC families containing other NMR-active isotopes
Alcohol and Breast Cancer: Risk Denial and Risk Relativization among U.S. Women
Authors: Fennell Heather M. , Seth Gaurav , McLeod Chandler M. , Ganesan Vinitha , Swahn Monica H. , Gutnik Lily , Luningham Justin , Martinez Priscilla , Aneja Ritu
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Research indicates a general lack of awareness regarding the link between alcohol consumption and cancer risk, particularly among women in the United States (US). This study aims to explore women's knowledge of alcohol's role in breast cancer risk and its sociodemographic correlates, including risk denial (RD) and risk relativization (RR) scores.
Methods: The study surveyed 5027 adult U.S. women via an online Qualtrics survey in September–October 2021 (ABLE survey). Participants answered questions on alcohol's impact on breast cancer risk, and RD and RR scores were generated using principal component analysis. Multivariable regression models examined associations between these scores, sociodemographic factors, and awareness of the alcohol-breast cancer link.
Results: A significant proportion of surveyed women expressed uncertainty (40.5%) or denial (34.9%) regarding alcohol's role in breast cancer risk. RD scores were associated with demographic factors such as race, ethnicity, age, and income. Hispanic/Latina women had the highest RD scores (10.51), followed by Non-Hispanic Black women (10.72), and older age groups. Unadjusted regression models revealed lower odds of "don't know" responses regarding awareness of alcohol as a risk factor for breast cancer (OR=0.98, p=0.003), with only RR remaining significant in adjusted analysis. RD was significant in adjusted models for "yes" responses, while for "no" responses, RD remained significant in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses.
Conclusions: The study highlights a lack of awareness or denial of alcohol's link to breast cancer risk among U.S. women, especially among minoritized groups, women under age 25, and those with lower education levels. Despite higher RD and RR scores among minoritized women, awareness of the link was not significantly lower than in White women. Health education campaigns should address these disparities in risk perception to improve understanding and uptake of important health information.
Photocurrent EDMR Measurement and Carrier Behavior of TIPS- Pentacene under FET Device Operation
Authors: Kobayashi Hina , Matsushita Michio M. , Kato Ken , Fujiwara Masazumi , Teki Yoshio
Published: August 2024

The carrier dynamics of the organic semiconductor materials plays very important role in the device applications, because it is strongly related to the device performance. We report the electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) study of a drop-casted film of 6,13–bis((triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl)pentacene (TIPS-Pn) under the field-effect transistor (FET) device operating condition. The EDMR signal could not observed without light-irradiation even under the FET device operating condition (carrier injected condition). This means the electrically injected carries (e-h pair) does not have spin polarization and notable spin-selective pathway after the charge injection. Under the light-irradiation, the EDMR signals was detected in the FET device both with and without the VGS (gate-source voltage) applied to the FET device and the intensity depended on the VGS. When 0 > VGS > VTH, which is near the threshold voltage of the carrier injection, the signal intensity increased with increasing |VGS| but in the region VGS < VTH (|VGS| > |VTH|), the EDMR intensity decreased. This phenomenon has been reproduced by solving the rate equations assuming the re-combination between the photo generated electron (pe) and the injected hole (h), which is strong related the device structures.
Quantitative Evaluation of the Degree of Hardened Leather Relics Based on Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Jingya , Sun Lijuan , Chen Yuting
Published: August 2024

This article describes a quantitative evaluation method proposed to quickly identify the deterioration degree of hardened leather relics unearthed in China. We used three kinds of artificial aging samples, dry-heat aging (DH)、UV-aging (UV)、and alkali-thermal aging (AT) as the research objects. The degradation mechanism was studied by Thermal gravimetry/Differential thermal gravimetry (TG/DTG) and Fourier transform infrared—Attenuated Total Reflectance spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR). Combined with amide III band deconvolution and second derivative fitting, we constructed a method for evaluating the degree of degradation by the relative content of random coil (referred to as R) in the secondary structure of the protein. The results show that with the extension of aging time, the macrostructures and microstructures of leather changed to varying degrees. Based on the deterioration characteristics and fitting results, we divided hardened leather into the following four levels. Micro-degradation: R = 0, the leather is dry and hard, but the collagen structure is stable. Mild deterioration: 0 ≤ R ≤ 15%, a variety of collagen structures coexist, and some hydrogen bonds are broken. If 5 ≤ R ≤ 15%, the periodic change of hydrogen bonds may be affected by ultraviolet irradiation; Moderate deterioration: R ≥ 17%, β-sheet disappeared, the leather is seriously deformed and gelatinized due to the disintegration of the protein triple helix structure. Severe deterioration: R = 0, β-sheet disappeared, and the protein has undergone irreversible degeneration. The quantitative analysis method was suitable for the study of the deterioration mechanism and the evaluation of its degree of the Heishanling leather relics, which also provides a new practical scheme for collagen structure to evaluate the degree of leather hardening disease.
Decidability of Fully Quantum Nonlocal Games with Noisy Maximally Entangled States
Authors: Qin Minglong , Yao Penghui
Published: August 2024

This paper considers the decidability of fully quantum nonlocal games with noisy maximally entangled states. Fully quantum nonlocal games are a generalization of nonlocal games, where both questions and answers are quantum and the referee performs a binary POVM measurement to decide whether they win the game after receiving the quantum answers from the players. The quantum value of a fully quantum nonlocal game is the supremum of the probability that they win the game, where the supremum is taken over all the possible entangled states shared between the players and all the valid quantum operations performed by the players. The seminal work $\mathrm{MIP}^*=\mathrm{RE}$~\cite{JNVWY'20,JNVWYuen'20} implies that it is undecidable to approximate the quantum value of a fully nonlocal game. This still holds even if the players are only allowed to share (arbitrarily many copies of) maximally entangled states. This paper investigates the case that the shared maximally entangled states are noisy. We prove that there is a computable upper bound on the copies of noisy maximally entangled states for the players to win a fully quantum nonlocal game with a probability arbitrarily close to the quantum value. This implies that it is decidable to approximate the quantum values of these games. Hence, the hardness of approximating the quantum value of a fully quantum nonlocal game is not robust against the noise in the shared states.

This paper is built on the framework for the decidability of non-interactive simulations of joint distributions~\cite{7782969,doi:10.1137/1.9781611975031.174,Ghazi:2018:DRP:3235586.3235614} and generalizes the analogous result for nonlocal games in~\cite{qin2021nonlocal}. We extend the theory of Fourier analysis to the space of super-operators and prove several key results including an invariance principle and a dimension reduction for super-operators. These results are interesting in their own right and are believed to have further applications.
Prevalence of urinary incontinence and its relation to occupational status among Egyptian female patients presenting with chronic cough
Authors: Ghaly Ragy Mamdouh , Eldin Alaa Mohamed Atef Karim , AbdelRahman Dina Abbas Mohamed , Elassal Marwa Hussein
Published: August 2024

Background: Coughing is frequently linked to urinary incontinence (UI) in women. However, there is few information about its actual prevalence among women with chronic cough. There are some previous studies that link urinary incontinence to the occupational status.
Aim of work: To measure the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence and to identify the relationship between urinary incontinence and occupational status among female patients with chronic cough.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 female patients presented with chronic cough of any cause, all patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire that included personal, occupational, chronic cough and urinary incontinence questionnaire. General and local examination were done.
Results: Out of 80 patients, 55% were found to have stress urinary incontinence. Gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD) was the most prevalent cause of chronic cough (48.8%) followed by bronchial asthma (22.5%). Most of the studied patients (90.9%) reported that leaking of urine interferes with their quality of life. The frequency of UI among working females was significantly higher than non-workers. Occupations requiring physical activity had significantly higher frequency of UI than those without. Other environmental work conditions as unclean or uncomfortable workplaces had no significant relationship with UI. Menopause patients had 2.9 times higher risk to develop UI. The mean age, mean number of parities, vaginal delivery, median duration of cough, cough severity index and cough visual analogue scale were significantly higher in UI patients. The logistic regression was performed to test effects of different risk factors on UI, Results indicated that age, type of occupations according to physical activity and cough severity index were independently statistically significant risk factors for UI in female patients with chronic cough
Conclusion: Urinary Incontinence (UI) is common in female patients with chronic cough (55%). Age, type of occupations according to physical activity and cough severity index were independently significant risk factors for UI in female patients with chronic cough.
Emetine dihydrochloride inhibits invasiveness and motility of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by blocking the MAPK pathway and inducing destabilization of Twist1
Authors: Yoon Haelim , Cho Sayeon
Published: August 2024

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor that causes both extrahepatic and intrahepatic metastases. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial step in the development and metastasis of cancer. Emetine dihydrochloride (EDH) has been previously used as an anti-emetic and is now proposed as a replication inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2, but its effect against cancer metastasis has not been evaluated. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of cell migration from an EMT perspective using EDH in HCC cell lines.Methods HCC cell lines (Huh7, Hep3B, SNU449, SNU886, and PLC-PRF-5) were used to measure cell viability against EDH. The effect of EDH on migration was verified by wound healing analysis and migration analysis using Transwell. The effect of EDH on invasion was determined using an invasion assay in Matrigel-coated Transwell chambers. Spheroid invasion and soft agar colony formation assays were performed to verify the effect of EDH on anchorage-independent growth. Gelatin zymography was used to determine the activities of matrix metalloproteinase − 2 and − 9. The protein expression levels of Twist1, downstream target genes, and the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT signaling pathways were determined through immunoblotting. The RNA expression levels of each gene were analyzed through RT-PCR and quantitative RT-PCR.Results EDH inhibited the motility of various HCC cell lines at non-toxic concentrations. The inhibitory effect of EDH on cancer cell motility resulted from a decrease in protein levels of Twist1, a key transcription factor involved in EMT. Depletion of Twist1 due to EDH treatment suppressed the expression of mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin and Vimentin) while increasing the expression of epithelial markers (E-cadherin). The regulatory pathway for the destabilization of Twist1 by EDH was mediated through the inactivation of the MAPK pathway. EDH specifically inactivated JNK and p38, thereby destabilizing the Twist1 protein, which is dependent on the S68 phosphorylation of Twist1.Conclusion EDH induces MAPK inactivation, which decreases Twist1 protein levels and ultimately suppresses mesenchymal properties. These results provide the first report on EDH from an EMT perspective and suggest its potential as an anticancer agent for HCC.
Carry-over effects of Bacillus thuringiensis on tolerant Aedes albopictus mosquitoes
Authors: Bahrami Romina , Quaranta Stefano , Perdomo Hugo D. , Bonizzoni Mariangela , Khorramnejad Ayda
Published: August 2024

Background: The biological larvicide, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti), represents a safe and effective alternative to chemical insecticides for mosquito control. Efficient control of mosquitoes implicates continuous and extensive application of Bti. This massive use of Bti imposes strong selective pressure, but the complex mode of action of the numerous synergistic Bti endotoxins disfavors emergence of resistance. Despite resistance to Bti has not been identified at the population level in nature, some larvae can survive Bti exposure suggesting tolerance mechanisms. Here we investigated whether Bti tolerant Aedes albopictus larvae experience any fitness costs and how this tolerance affects adult phenotypes that are relevant for arboviral transmission.
Methods: We exposed Ae. albopictus larvae to lethal concentration of Bti and studied the fitness and gut microbiota of tolerant larvae and their adult counterparts. We further compared the expression of nine key immunity genes in the gut of Bti-tolerant larvae vs. those not exposed to Bti.
Results: Our results showed that Bti exposure has multifaceted impacts on Ae. albopictus mosquitoes during both larval and adult stages. The carry-over effect of Bti exposure on tolerant larvae manifested in reduced adult emergence rate, shorter lifespan and decreased fecundity. Bti also alters gut microbiota of both larvae and adults. We observed higher microbial diversity in Bti-tolerant larvae and changes in the richness of core microbiota. Bti infection and the altered microbiota triggered immune responses in the larval gut.
Conclusions: The observed reduction in mosquito fitness and changes in the microbiota of adults emerging from tolerant larvae could negatively influence mosquito vectorial capacity. Understanding these impacts is crucial for evaluating the broader implications of Bti-based insecticides in mosquito control programs.
Detecor algorithm: derived from the exploration of iterative methods
Authors: Li Jia , Zheng Weimin
Published: August 2024

The paper summarizes the pattern framework of some optimization algorithms, and proposes four optimization directions within this algorithmic pattern: search agent particles, search direction and perturbation, and search step size. Based on this pattern, the paper introduces an optimization algorithm called "Detector", and the name is just for convenient.In this algorithm, for the search direction and perturbation, as well as the search step size, it performs simple processing and only considers the optimization direction of the iterative search agent particles. For the current position of the search agent particles, a function is designed to evaluate this position. If the function value is greater than a threshold, the particle will not explore around that position, but move to another location.This optimization algorithm is designed without any natural inspirations, in order to prove the effectiveness of the proposed pattern framework. It also analyzes the limitations of this class of optimization algorithms.The algorithm is tested on the CEC2013, CEC2014, CEC2015, CEC2017, and CEC2022 test suites, and compared with 9 other algorithms, with a focus on the high-cost CEC2013 test suite. The algorithm performs well on most functions in the test suites. It uses a very small number of parameters and simple steps, without any natural inspirations.
Storyboarding in extended reality: a comparison between two tabletop solutions
Authors: Manuri Federico , De Pace Francesco , Carrescia Valentina , Piumatti Sara , Sanna Andrea
Published: August 2024

Storyboards are one of the most effective methods to pre-visualize a story: a sequence of illustrations or pictures portraying settings, characters, actions, and events. This graphical representation is a sort of roadmap that guides users throughout the story. The storyboarding process is a key step for both movie and videogame productions, allowing creators to visualize the scenes and find potential problems before they occur. Whereas storyboards are usually drawn or sketched in 2D, recent technological advances allow storytellers to cope with 3D characters and scenes. A 3D approach overcomes 2D methodologies as the storytellers can achieve a better understanding of spaces, objects, lights, and camera movements. Moreover, extended reality (XR) technologies can enhance these benefits by adding a feeling of immersion otherwise not achievable. This manuscript investigates and compares two XR-based storyboarding solutions, which share a common graphical user interface. The proposed system has been tested involving both domain experts and students in a tabletop scale scenario. Experimental results clearly indicate that the virtual reality-based solution outperforms the augmented reality one from the usability point of view; moreover, a lower workload is experienced when an input interface based on physical controllers is available.
Above Ground Forest Biomass Estimation Using Sentinel-2 Data in the Upper Blue Nile Basin, North-Western Ethiopia
Authors: Kerebeh Habtamu , Forkel Matthias , Zewdie Worku
Published: August 2024

Forest biomass plays a decisive role in the global climatic condition. Therefore, rapid and accurate estimation of forest biomass is crucial for greatly reducing the uncertainty in carbon stock assessments, and for designing strategic forest management plans. Because, forest above-ground biomass (AGB) estimation is important in determining the management, environmental, and economic roles of forests in the Blue Nile basin. This study aimed to estimate forest above-ground biomass in the Upper Blue Nile Basin by integrating field-measured data with observations from Sentinel-2. Therefore, the first correlation between measured forest AGB and derived vegetation indices and biophysical parameters was investigated. A stepwise regression analysis was carried out to estimate forest AGB. The maximum forest AGB value of 268.32 t/ha was estimated in the Alemsaga natural forest. Green normalized difference vegetation index, leaf area index, fraction of absorbed photosynthetic active radiation, and fractional vegetation cover achieved moderate performance in predicting AGB with R2 value > 0.5. Forest AGB was estimated with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.59, an adjusted R2 of 0.618, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 38.36 t/ha in comparison to field observations.
LEN-YOLO: A Lightweight Remote Sensing Small Aircraft ObjectDetection Model for Satellite On-Orbit Detection
Authors: Wu Jian , Zhao Fanyu , Jin Zhonghe
Published: August 2024

Due to the complex backgrounds of remote sens2 ing images and the small size of aircraft targets, the results of 3 commonly used detection algorithms in small aircraft target 4 detection are not satisfactory. Moreover, the prevalent deep 5 learning algorithms are generally too cumbersome to adapt 6 to the resource-constrained satellite platforms. To improve 7 detection accuracy while maintaining model simplicity for 8 satellite on-orbit small aircraft detection, we develop an im9 proved algorithm based on YOLOv5, called LEN-YOLO. 10 Firstly, we adopt the EIoU Loss for target localization, en11 abling the network to effectively focus on small aircraft tar12 gets. Second, a Lite backbone is designed by discarding high 13 semantic information, using low semantic feature maps to 14 detect small targets. Finally, we propose a BSG-FPN struc15 ture to fuse feature maps of different scales to increase de16 tailed information. Experimental results on RSOD and DIOR 17 datasets demonstrate compared to the baseline YOLOv5, 18 LEN-YOLO achieves an increase of 5.1% and 4.2% in APs 19 respectively. Notably, parameters are reduced by 78.3% and 20 floating-point operations by 33.2%.
PsychoLex: Unveiling the Psychological Mind of Large Language Models
Authors: Abbasi Mohammad Amin , Mirnezami Farnaz Sadat , Naderi Hassan
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the intersection of psychology and artificial intelligence through the development and evaluation of specialized Large Language Models (LLMs). We introduce PsychoLex, a suite of resources designed to enhance LLMs' proficiency in psychological tasks in both Persian and English. Key contributions include the PsychoLexQA dataset for instructional content and the PsychoLexEval dataset for rigorous evaluation of LLMs in complex psychological scenarios. Additionally, we present the PsychoLexLLaMA model, optimized specifically for psychological applications, demonstrating superior performance compared to general-purpose models. The findings underscore the potential of tailored LLMs for advancing psychological research and applications, while also highlighting areas for further refinement. This research offers a foundational step towards integrating LLMs into specialized psychological domains, with implications for future advancements in AI-driven psychological practice.
Theoretical Analysis of Robust CAPMs under a Quadratic Security Market Model
Authors: Kusuda Koji , Kikuchi Kentaro
Published: August 2024

This study assumes homothetic robust Epstein-Zin utility and analyzes the consumption--investment problem and CAPMs under a quadratic security market model in which interest rates, the market price of risk, the variances and covariances of asset returns, and inflation rates are stochastic. First, we demonstrate that homothetic robust Epstein-Zin utility is interpreted as homothetic stochastic differential utility. Then, we derive a robust version of the two-factor CAPM and show that the CAPM can contribute to solving both the equity premium puzzle and the risk-free rate puzzle.
Melatonin Prolongs the Postharvest Storability of Strawberry Fruits through Reduced Oxidative Stress and Improved Enzyme Activity
Authors: Kahramanoğlu İbrahim
Published: August 2024

Strawberry fruits are popular among consumers because of their unique flavor and reported health benefits. However, microbial growth and oxidative stress that occur in postharvest storage cause strawberry fruits to have a relatively short postharvest life, which reduces consumer acceptance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exogenous melatonin application on the enzymatic activity and postharvest quality of strawberry fruits that are stored at 4 ± 0.5 °C. A total of 288 fruits with four replicates for each of the three treatments (control, 200 μM melatonin, and 500 μM melatonin) were used. Several quality metrics were regularly assessed at 3-day intervals during the 18-day storage trials. The results suggested that the exogenous melatonin application significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes at the physiological level, including catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase which led to reductions in weight loss, the decay incidence, and the malondialdehyde level. The use of melatonin successfully delayed changes in the soluble solids concentration, ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, and fruit firmness. The results indicated that applying 500 μM melatonin to strawberries would be a useful strategy for increasing their shelf life.
PRINCIPAIS NEOPLASIAS CERVICOFACIAIS: CARACTERIZAÇÃO CLÍNICO-EPIDEMIOLÓGICA E TERAPÊUTICA
Authors: Marcus Vinicius Gomes de Oliveira  , Gustavo Henrique de Melo da Silva  , Alex Nagem Machado  , Caroline Lacerda Alves de Oliveira  , Júnia Brunelli Cassétte Azevedo  , Célio Genelhu Soares  , Eveline Cristina da Silva  , Danilo Romeiro Prata
Published: August 2024

Neoplasias cervicofaciais constituem, epidemiologicamente, o quinto tipo de câncer mais comum em toda população mundial. Ainda que se desenvolvam em sítios de fácil acesso ao exame físico, o diagnóstico costuma ser estabelecido em estadiamentos avançados, em razão da combinação de diferentes variáveis, ocasionando severas repercussões negativas sobre os pacientes acometidos e aumento significativo dos custos do tratamento. Foram demonstrados altos índices de morbimortalidade e baixo tempo de sobrevida, sobretudo, nos casos de doença avançada, permanecendo assim, nos últimos anos, apesar dos diversos estudos realizados periodicamente e das novas modalidades diagnósticas e terapêuticas. A pandemia mundial causada, pela COVID-19, impactou na propedêutica desses casos. O principal objetivo deste estudo é abordar aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos, etiopatogenia, fatores de risco, diagnóstico e princípios básicos da terapêutica oncológica e cirúrgica das principais neoplasias malignas da cavidade oral, faringe, laringe e glândulas salivares por meio de revisão integrativa de bibliografias. A presença de leucoplasias, eritroplasias e queilite actínica são achados que devem ser valorizados durante a abordagem e sempre acompanhados de biópsia, tendo em vista que são lesões pré-malignas com alto potencial de evolução para malignidade. Um de seus principais fatores prognósticos é o atraso no período compreendido entre diagnóstico e o início do tratamento, associados a fatores socioeconômicos, políticos e culturais. As principais neoplasias apresentam tipo histológico comum e os fatores de risco se assemelham em grande parte dos casos, contudo, existem diferentes modalidades terapêuticas devido a particularidades de cada região anatômica. Apesar do advento de novas modalidades para fins diagnósticos e terapêuticos, é imprescindível a capacitação profissional, de ações estratégicas de educação em saúde e prevenção primária para reduzir os casos de diagnóstico tardio e demandas em níveis mais complexos de atenção a fim de reduzir gastos mantidos pelo SUS e melhorar qualidade de vida da população.
VIABILIDADE DO EMPREGO DE TECNOLOGIAS SUSTENTÁVEIS EM HABITAÇÕES DE INTERESSE SOCIAL DO PROGRAMA CASA VERDE E AMARELA
Authors: Marina Carneiro Dias Azevedo  , Luiz Santiago Souza do Nascimento de Lacerda  , Wallisson da Silva Freitas  , Zanuti Franklin Arthur
Published: August 2024

As necessidades crescentes por moradia e a criação de programas de habitação de interesse social (HIS) devido ao déficit habitacional surgido pelo adensamento populacional urbano, juntamente com a preocupação em relação ao uso racional de recursos não renováveis, demandaram mudanças nos sistemas construtivos ao longo do tempo. A análise da viabilidade do emprego de tecnologias sustentáveis em HIS do programa Casa Verde e Amarela no Espírito Santo fez-se indispensável para incluir agentes mitigadores dos impactos causados pela construção civil no meio ambiente, delimitando as tecnologias telhado verde e sistema fotovoltaico de geração de energia para o estudo por proporcionarem conforto ambiental, conforto visual, bem-estar e melhoria na qualidade de vida. Foram utilizados os métodos de pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa afim de reunir informações já publicadas em trabalhos anteriores, dados comparativos de custos analisados através do cálculo do payback simples e pela relação entre investimento e vida útil da tecnologia. Observou-se que essas tecnologias proporcionam vantagens em relação aos sistemas construtivos tradicionais e impactam diretamente o orçamento das famílias, principalmente as de baixa renda, sendo seu custo-benefício satisfatório. Torna-se necessário a intervenção estatal para garantir que tecnologias sustentáveis sejam pré-requisitos mínimos obrigatórios em novas construções desse modelo, preferencialmente de forma subsidiada.
The Dimensions of Sufi Healing in Traditional Medication of the Islamic-Banjar Community
Authors: Zainal Abidin Muhammad , Assya'bani Ridhatullah , Arni Arni , Mulyani Mulyani
Published: August 2024

Sufi healing has become an exciting topic to discuss amid the COVID-19 outbreak. Various alternative health treatments remain a concern from a medical and non-medical perspective. One kind of Sufi healing originating from the Banjar community in South Kalimantan is the practice of Batatamba. This study examines the forms, methods and sources of Sufi healing practice that live and develop in South Kalimantan. The method used in this study is qualitative. The data were collected from field research. It employs an anthropological approach which looks at the Sufi side of healing in the practice of Batatamba.Contribution: This study gives a new insight into Sufi healing that developed in South Kalimantan that combines the Sufistic tradition with local wisdom and the legitimacy of mystics in knowledge transfer (epistemology). The mystical legitimacy has made practitioners of traditional medication in this area, commonly known as Pananamba, have a sacred element and are committed to a humane mission to help others.
Landslide susceptibility mapping of Phewa Watershed, Kaski, Nepal
Authors: Kunwar Bimal Bahadur , Muensit Nantakan , Techato Kuaanan , Gyawali Saroj
Published: August 2024

Heavy and incessant rainfall in Nepal, particularly during the monsoon season, leads to water-induced risks like landslides, necessitating the use of Landslide Susceptibility Mapping (LSM) for the prediction of landslide risks. We aim to determine the degrees of connection and connective factors among landslide incidents to generate an updated landslide susceptibility map of the Phewa watershed in Kaski District, Nepal. The most dependable and popular statistical approach for determining LSMs is the frequency ratio model, which was created in ArcGIS 10.7.1 by identifying 46 landslides in the area and analyzing eight causal factors. The LSM categorized the area into five classes, with the low class representing a large percentage (43.27 %) and the high class a small percentage (0.63 %). In FR techniques, slope, proximity to a stream or road, land use/cover, and precipitation were assigned greater weight than aspect, profile curvature, and plan curvature. Using the area under the curve approach, the applied model’s accuracy revealed a good performance value of 0.717. Taken together, the mapping information provides a crucial understanding of risks posed by landslides, ultimately reducing the impacts in the protected watershed of the Phewa Lake area.
Effects of CYP3A5 Genetic Polymorphisms on the Weight-adjusted through Concentration of Sirolimus in Renal Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Park Yoon-A , Park Juyeong , Yee Jeong , Gwak Hye Sun
Published: August 2024

Background:

Sirolimus, one of the immunosuppressive drugs administered to renal transplant recipients,
is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5. Accordingly, CYP3A5 polymorphism is a genetic
factor affecting sirolimus pharmacokinetics (PK). Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis
on the association between sirolimus PK and CYP3A5*3 polymorphism.

Methods:

We searched for studies published up to 13 June 2024 from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library,
and Web of Science. We reviewed studies on the relationship between CYP3A5*3 polymorphism and weightadjusted
trough concentration/dose (C0 /D) ratio and dosage of sirolimus in renal transplant recipients, according
to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We evaluated
mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

A total of seven studies were included. The weight-adjusted C0 /D ratio of sirolimus was significantly
higher in patients with the CYP3A5*3/*3 rather than CYP3A5*1/*1 or CYP3A5*1/*3 genotype (MD 95.27
ng/mL per mg/kg; 95% CI: 58.06, 132.47; I2 = 74%; p < 0.00001). Also, the weight-adjusted dosage of sirolimus
was significantly lower in patients with the CYP3A5*3/*3 rather than CYP3A5*1/*1 or CYP3A5*1/*3
genotype (MD -2.60 × 10-3 mg/kg; 95% CI: -4.52, -0.69; I2 = 44%; p = 0.008).

Conclusion:

Our meta-analysis showed a significant effect for the CYP3A5*3 genotype on weight-adjusted
C0 /D ratio and dosage of sirolimus in adult renal transplant recipients.
Open-bore MRI Scanner Assessment of Epicardial Adipose Tissue after Bariatric Surgery: A Pilot Study
Authors: Asteria Carmela , Secchi Francesco , Morricone Lelio , Malavazos Alexis Elias , Francesconi Simona , Milani Valentina , Giovanelli Alessandro
Published: August 2024

Background:

The recognition of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) as a cardiac risk
factor has increased the interest in strategies that target cardiac adipose tissue.

Aim:

The effect of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS)-induced weight loss on EAT volume
was evaluated in this study.

Methods:

Fifteen bariatric patients, with (MS) or without (wMS) Metabolic Syndrome, underwent
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using an open-bore scanner to assess EAT volume,
visceral adipose tissue (VAT) thickness, and other cardiac morpho-functional parameters at
baseline and 12 months after BMS. Nine patients underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
(LSG), and 6 patients underwent Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGBP).

Results:

EAT volume significantly decreased in all the patients 12 months post-BMS from 91.6
cm3 to 67.1 cm3; p = 0.0002 in diastole and from 89.4 cm3 to 68.2 cm3; p = 0.0002 in systole.
No significant difference was found between the LSG and RYGBP group. Moreover, EAT volume
was significantly reduced among wMS compared with MS. In particular, EAT volume in
diastole was significantly reduced from 80.9 cm3 to 54.4 cm3; p = 0.0156 in wMS and from 98.3
cm3 to 79.5 cm3; p = 0.031 in MS. The reduction was also confirmed in systole from 81.2 cm3 to
54.1 cm3; p = 0.0156 in wMS and from 105.7 cm3 to 75.1 cm3; p = 0.031 in MS. Finally, a positive
correlation was found between EAT loss, BMI (r = 0.52; p = 0.0443) and VAT (r = 0.66; p
= 0.008) reduction after BMS.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that EAT reduction may be a fundamental element for improving
the cardio-metabolic prognosis of bariatric patients. Moreover, this is the first study
performed with an open-bore MRI scanner to measure EAT volume.
Bone Tissue Engineering Using Perovskites in Regenerative Medicines
Authors: Kumari Supriya , Dutta Joydeep , Bhardwaj Leena , Kumar Vijay
Published: August 2024

Regeneration of damaged bone tissue can be accomplished by mimicking
the extracellular matrix (ECM) by generating porous topographic substrates. The
process of bone tissue regeneration is supported by incorporating natural proteins and
growth factors. The scaffolds developed for bone tissue regeneration support bone cell
growth and induce bone-forming cells by using natural proteins and growth factors.
Limitations associated with the referred approaches are improper scaffold stability,
insufficient cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and mineralization with less
expression of growth factor. Therefore, the use of engineered nanoparticles has been
rapidly increasing in bone tissue engineering applications. The electrospray technique
that produces nanomaterials has an advantage over other conventional methods as it
generates particle sizes in the micro/nanoscale range. The size and charge of the
particles are controlled by regulating the flow rate and electric voltage of the polymer
solution. The unique properties of nanoparticles are the large surface area to volume
ratio, small size and higher reactivity, making them a suitable substrate to be used in
the field of biomedical engineering. These nanomaterials are extensively used for drug
delivery as therapeutic agents, mimicking cellular components of extracellular matrix
and restoring and improving the functions of damaged organs. The controlled and
sustained release of encapsulated drugs, proteins, vaccines, growth factors, cells and
nucleotides from nanoparticles has been well-established in nanomedicine. The present
chapter provides insights into the preparation of nanoparticles by electrospraying and
illustrates the use of nanoparticles in drug delivery for the purpose of bone tissue
engineering.
Bionic Prosthesis Using Perovskite Materials
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Batoo Khalid Mujasam , Kumar Rajesh , Radhakrishnan Arunkumar , Thakur Pankaj
Published: August 2024

Bionic prosthesis have revolutionized the field of medical science by
providing individuals with limb loss the ability to regain functionality and
independence. Traditional prosthetic materials, such as metals and plastics, have
limitations in terms of weight, durability, and biocompatibility. The emergence of
perovskite materials has opened up new possibilities for developing advanced bionic
prosthesis. This chapter explores the application of perovskite materials in bionic
prosthesis, highlighting their unique properties and potential advantages. It also
discusses the challenges and future directions for utilizing perovskite materials in the
development of next-generation bionic prosthesis.