bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Lagrangian Particle Algorithm (SPH) for an Autocatalytic Reaction Model with Multicomponent Reactants
Authors: Hou Qingzhi , Liu Jiaru , Lian Jijian , Lu Wenhuan
Published: July 2019

For the numerical simulation of convection-dominated reacting flow problems governed by convection-reaction equations, grids-based Eulerian methods may cause different degrees of either numerical dissipation or unphysical oscillations. In this paper, a Lagrangian particle algorithm based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is proposed for convection-reaction equations and is applied to an autocatalytic reaction model with multicomponent reactants. Four typical Eulerian methods are also presented for comparison, including the high-resolution technique with the Superbee flux limiter, which has been considered to be the most appropriate technique for solving convection-reaction equations. Numerical results demonstrated that when comparing with traditional first- and second-order schemes and the high-resolution technique, the present Lagrangian particle algorithm has better numerical accuracy. It can correctly track the moving steep fronts without suffering from numerical diffusion and spurious oscillations.
Theology of Religions and Intertextuality: A Case Study of Christian–Confucian and Islamic–Confucian Dialogue in the Early 20th-Century China
Authors: Kwok Wai Luen
Published: July 2019

In this paper, I will propose an intertextual theology of religions from a non-Western cultural perspective through the works in The True Light Review, an official magazine of Chinese Baptist churches, and Yue Hua, a prominent and long-lived Muslim magazine. My aim is to show that the religious discourses in these Chinese religious periodicals inform us of an alternative understanding of literary construction of religious plurality and challenge the current versions of theology of religions. With the concept of intertextuality, the differentiation and integration of religious identities indicates that language-constituted realities are multi-dimensional and multi-directional. In some respects, religious believers would like to differentiate themselves in the search for an authentic and meaningful life, but, they are nonetheless already interconnected and interrelated. In some other respects, they approach and embrace each other for integration to assert a common identity among religions in that area, but that could transform their religions with new meaning. Our case study will also further theological reflection of the nature of Christian life in predominantly non-Christian societies as an intertextual religious reality.
De Finetti’s Control Problem with Parisian Ruin for Spectrally Negative Lévy Processes
Authors: Renaud Jean-François
Published: July 2019

We consider de Finetti’s stochastic control problem when the (controlled) process is allowed to spend time under the critical level. More precisely, we consider a generalized version of this control problem in a spectrally negative Lévy model with exponential Parisian ruin. We show that, under mild assumptions on the Lévy measure, an optimal strategy is formed by a barrier strategy and that this optimal barrier level is always less than the optimal barrier level when classical ruin is implemented. In addition, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the barrier strategy at level zero to be optimal.
Accounting for Wood, Foliage Properties, and Laser Effective Footprint in Estimations of Leaf Area Density from Multiview-LiDAR Data
Authors: Pimont François , Soma Maxime , Dupuy Jean-Luc
Published: July 2019

The spatial distribution of Leaf Area Density (LAD) in a tree canopy has fundamental functions in ecosystems. It can be measured through a variety of methods, including voxel-based methods applied to LiDAR point clouds. A theoretical study recently compared the numerical errors of these methods and showed that the bias-corrected Maximum Likelihood Estimator was the most efficient. However, it ignored (i) wood volumes, (ii) vegetation sub-grid clumping, (iii) the instrument effective footprint, and (iv) was limited to a single viewpoint. In practice, retrieving LAD is not straightforward, because vegetation is not randomly distributed in sub-grids, beams are divergent, and forestry plots are sampled from more than one viewpoint to mitigate occlusion. In the present article, we extend the previous formulation to (i) account for both wood volumes and hits, (ii) rigorously include correction terms for vegetation and instrument characteristics, and (iii) integrate multiview data. Two numerical experiments showed that the new approach entailed reduction of bias and errors, especially in the presence of wood volumes or when multiview data are available for poorly-explored volumes. In addition to its conciseness, completeness, and efficiency, this new formulation can be applied to multiview TLS—and also potentially to UAV LiDAR scanning—to reduce errors in LAD estimation.
Computing Happiness from Textual Data
Authors: Mohamed Emad , Mostafa Sayed A.
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we use a corpus of about 100,000 happy moments written by people of different genders, marital statuses, parenthood statuses, and ages to explore the following questions: Are there differences between men and women, married and unmarried individuals, parents and non-parents, and people of different age groups in terms of their causes of happiness and how they express happiness? Can gender, marital status, parenthood status and/or age be predicted from textual data expressing happiness? The first question is tackled in two steps: first, we transform the happy moments into a set of topics, lemmas, part of speech sequences, and dependency relations; then, we use each set as predictors in multi-variable binary and multinomial logistic regressions to rank these predictors in terms of their influence on each outcome variable (gender, marital status, parenthood status and age). For the prediction task, we use character, lexical, grammatical, semantic, and syntactic features in a machine learning document classification approach. The classification algorithms used include logistic regression, gradient boosting, and fastText. Our results show that textual data expressing moments of happiness can be quite beneficial in understanding the “causes of happiness” for different social groups, and that social characteristics like gender, marital status, parenthood status, and, to some extent age, can be successfully predicted form such textual data. This research aims to bring together elements from philosophy and psychology to be examined by computational corpus linguistics methods in a way that promotes the use of Natural Language Processing for the Humanities.
Identification of a Regular Black Hole by Its Shadow
Authors: Dymnikova Irina , Kraav Kirill
Published: July 2019

We study shadows of regular rotating black holes described by the axially symmetric solutions asymptotically Kerr for a distant observer, obtained from regular spherical solutions of the Kerr–Schild class specified by T t t = T r r ( p r = − ε ) . All regular solutions obtained with the Newman–Janis algorithm belong to this class. Their basic generic feature is the de Sitter vacuum interior. Information about the interior content of a regular rotating de Sitter-Kerr black hole can be in principle extracted from observation of its shadow. We present the general formulae for description of shadows for this class of regular black holes, and numerical analysis for two particular regular black hole solutions. We show that the shadow of a de Sitter-Kerr black hole is typically smaller than that for the Kerr black hole, and the difference depends essentially on the interior density and on the pace of its decreasing.
RSV Vaccine Based on Rhabdoviral Vector Protects after Single Immunization
Authors: Wilmschen Sarah , Schneider Sabrina , Peters Felix , Bayer Lea , Issmail Leila , Bánki Zoltán , Grunwald Thomas , von Laer Dorothee , Kimpel Janine
Published: July 2019

The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in childhood and an effective vaccine is still not available. We previously described a new rhabdoviral vector vaccine, VSV-GP, a variant of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), where the VSV glycoprotein G is exchanged by the glycoprotein GP of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Here, we evaluated VSV-GP as vaccine vector for RSV with the aim to induce RSV neutralizing antibodies. Wild-type F (Fwt) or a codon optimized version (Fsyn) were introduced at position 5 into the VSV-GP genome. Both F versions were efficiently expressed in VSV-GP-F infected cells and incorporated into VSV-GP particles. In mice, high titers of RSV neutralizing antibodies were induced already after prime and subsequently boosted by a second immunization. After challenge with RSV, viral loads in the lungs of immunized mice were reduced by 2–3 logs with no signs of an enhanced disease induced by the vaccination. Even a single intranasal immunization significantly reduced viral load by a factor of more than 100-fold. RSV neutralizing antibodies were long lasting and mice were still protected when challenged 20 weeks after the boost. Therefore, VSV-GP is a promising candidate for an effective RSV vaccine.
Potential Role of Rainbow Trout Erythrocytes as Mediators in the Immune Response Induced by a DNA Vaccine in Fish
Authors: Puente-Marin Sara , Nombela Ivan , Chico Veronica , Ciordia Sergio , Mena Maria Carmen , Perez Luis , Coll Julio , Ortega-Villaizan Maria del Mar
Published: July 2019

In recent years, fish nucleated red blood cells (RBCs) have been implicated in the response against viral infections. We have demonstrated that rainbow trout RBCs can express the antigen encoded by a DNA vaccine against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) and mount an immune response to the antigen in vitro. In this manuscript, we show, for the first time, the role of RBCs in the immune response triggered by DNA immunization of rainbow trout with glycoprotein G of VHSV (GVHSV). Transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of RBCs revealed genes and proteins involved in antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, the Fc receptor signaling pathway, the autophagy pathway, and the activation of the innate immune response, among others. On the other hand, GVHSV-transfected RBCs induce specific antibodies against VHSV in the serum of rainbow trout which shows that RBCs expressing a DNA vaccine are able to elicit a humoral response. These results open a new direction in the research of vaccination strategies for fish since rainbow trout RBCs actively participate in the innate and adaptive immune response in DNA vaccination. Based on our findings, we suggest the use of RBCs as target cells or carriers for the future design of novel vaccine strategies.
Bowel Preparation for Surveillance Colonoscopy After Colorectal Resection: A New Perspective
Authors: Lee Donghyoun , Chun Ho-Kyung
Published: July 2019

Purpose: Inadequate bowel preparation (IBP) is commonly observed during surveillance colonoscopy after colorectal resection. We investigated potential risk factors affecting bowel preparation.Methods: We studied potential factors affecting bowel preparation quality. The Boston bowel preparation score was used to measure bowel preparation quality. Factors affecting IBP were analyzed, including age, body mass index, time elapsed between surgery and colonoscopy, and amount of bowel preparation drug consumed (conventional-volume vs. low-volume). Odds ratios were calculated for IBP.Results: This retrospective cohort study included 1,317 patients who underwent colorectal resection due to malignancy. Of these patients, 79% had adequate bowel preparation and 21% had IBP. In multivariate regression analysis, a surveillance colonoscopy within 1 year after surgery and age >80 were used as independent predictors of IBP. IBP rate of the low-volume group was significantly higher than that of the conventional-volume group among patients who underwent a surveillance colonoscopy within 1 year after surgery.Conclusion: For surveillance colonoscopy after colorectal resection, bowel preparation is affected by factors including colonoscopy timing after surgery and age. We recommend the use of conventional-volume 4-L polyethylene glycol solution when performing a surveillance colonoscopy, especially up to 1 year after surgery.
Barriers to infection prevention and control practice among Amhara region teaching hospitals in Ethiopia: Qualitative study
Authors: Yallew Walelegn Worku , Kumie Abera , Yehuala Feleke Moges
Published: July 2019

Healthcare workers have good perception towards infection prevention, but there has been a poor practice towards it. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore barriers to practice of infection prevention and control practice in teaching hospitals in Amhara region. A phenomenological approach used to explore the lived experience of healthcare workers and management staffs towards infection prevention practice and control. The data was collected from ten in-depth interviews and 23 focus group discussion participants, by face to face interview using open ended interview performed in safe and quiet places. Data was managed using OpenCode software version 4.03 and contents were analyzed thematically. Totally ten different barriers were identified, such as availability of facilities, shortage of material supply, lack of maintenance of facilities and equipment, high patient flow, experience, emergency situation, healthcare worker behaviour and healthcare worker’s information about infection prevention, low awareness of patients and visitors and overflow of families and visitors to the hospital. For effective infection prevention practice implementation, barriers should be considered via identifying specific organizational, healthcare worker, patients and visitors as targets.
Processes of import substitution in the market of meat and dairy products in the context of economic policy
Authors: Belova T.N. , Konkina V.S.
Published: July 2019

In article the complex assessment of modern policy of import substitution in the sphere of the agrofood market based on balance of its positive and negative effects is given. According to Rosstat and the Federal Customs Service the complex dynamic analysis of the meat and dairy markets in the context of key indicators — the price, import, export is carried out. Relationships of cause and effect of change of a condition of the food market in connection with introduction of economic sanctions are revealed. The conclusion that the policy of import substitution has to consider the potential risks and threats connected as with the possible accompanying growth of the food prices and deterioration of the food status of the least provided groups of the population, and with technical and technological dependence of domestic agricultural production on a foreign market is drawn. The main directions in which programs of support and stimulation are necessary are formulated.
Étude par réflexion infrarouge des modes internes de quelques silicates
Authors: Gervais François , Piriou Bernard , Servoin Jean-Louis
Published: July 2019

L'étude par réflexion des modes actifs infrarouges de chacune des orientations de quelques silicates : topaze, phénacite, forstérite, zircon, béryl et spodumène est l'objet de ce travail. On insiste principalement sur le cas de la topaze, en précisant la méthode de dépouillement des spectres B[1u], B[2u], et B[3u], par la théorie classique, qui fournit les fréquences, les forces et les amortissements des modes. Pour l'ensemble des silicates étudiés, la répartition spectrale des modes est en bon accord avec les prévisions établies par la méthode du site qui permet de classer les modes « internes ». L'identification de la majorité des modes observés est faite ; elle repose conjointement sur les prévisions, la distribution en fréquence des modes, la comparaison des différents spectres et surtout sur les données d'études d'anharmonicité.
Étude par diffraction des rayons X des effets du broyage sur la calcite
Authors: Fries Evelyne , Marhic Christiane
Published: July 2019

The successive modifications of the calcite lattice as a function of grinding time were studied, until the obvious appearance of aragonite, by X ray diffraction using simplified methods. We noticed a progressive fragmentation of the coherent diffraction domains and simultaneously a progressive deterioration of the cristalline lattice of calcite, followed by a partial restauration of the lattice without further change in the fragmentation.

We have interpreted these results with the assumption that during the first stage of comminution mechanical reduction would be the main process, while during the second stage the calcite-aragonite polymorphic transformation would be predominant and would make only apparent the observed lattice restauration.
La duranusite, As4S, un nouveau minéral
Authors: Johan Zdenek , Laforêt Claude , Picot Paul , Feraud Jean
Published: July 2019

La duranusite est orthorhombique, pseudohexagonale (méthode Ito) : a₀ = 3,576 Å ; b₀ = 6,759 Å ; c₀ = 10,074 Å ; V = 243,5 Å³ ; Z = 2 ; dx = 4,50. Les raies les plus intenses du diagramme de poudre sont : 5,62 (9) ; 5,037 (9) ; 2,919 (10) ; 2,682 (8) ; 1,969 (9) ; 1,788 (9) Å. Analyses chimiques (microsonde électronique) : As 90,0 (90,8) ; S 10,3 (10,3) ; totaux 100,3 (101,1). Formule correspondante As₄S. En section polie blanc-gris ; pouvoir réflecteur (en %) : 36,8-34,4 (440) ; 32,5-31,3 (500) ; 31,4-30,0 (560) ; 30,3-28,7 (620) ; 29,0-27,2 (700 nm). Pléochroïsme faible, anisotropie assez forte, rares réflexions internes rouges. Microdureté Vickers (25 g) : 58 kg/mm². Trouvée en association avec réalgar et arsenic natif à Duranus (Alpes-Maritimes), France. Nommée d'après le gisement type.
Structure cristalline de γ˗Tb Li O2
Authors: Gondrand Monique
Published: July 2019

TbLiO₂ is orthorhombic : space group Pbnm (a = 5.31 Å ; b = 11.28 Å ; c = 3.42 Å). The space group is discussed. The structure was determined by X ray and neutron patterns. T³⁺ is in an octahedral environment. The octahedra are linked together like Al³⁺ in diaspore. Li⁺ is on a tetrahedral site.
Diffusion de l'ion Cu2+ dans l'analcite
Authors: Lafuma Philippe , Herpin Paulette , Maury Roger
Published: July 2019

The diffusion coefficient of Cu²⁺ in analcite varies, between 25° and 250° C, from 1.9 • 10⁻¹⁶ to 6.5 • 10⁻¹⁴ cm² • s⁻¹. Like other divalent ions, Cu²⁺ induces a destruction of the structure. This destruction appears rather late by X ray examination, but the observation of infrared absoption spectras shows that the destruction appears sooner.

The complete exchange conduces to the destruction, but on a monocrystal, we have observed a recrystallization of a new orthorhombic crystal (a = 9.87 Å ; b = 14.21 Å ; c = 14.29 Å ; group P2₁22₁), which could not have been recognized as a known mineral.
Contribution à l'étude des figures d'attaque sur les faces {01.2} de l'hématite α˗Fe2O3 par microscopie interférentielle
Authors: Wagner Francis , Baltzinger Christiane , Baro Raymond
Published: July 2019

The etch pits on {01.2} faces of hematite α Fe₂O₃ are not all of the same shape.

The geometrical characteristics of these etch pits have been determined by interference microscopy and the influence of the crystal structure on the dissolution mechanism has been made clear.
Méthode électrolytique permettant de contrôler le développement d'un cristal à liaisons ioniques au cours de sa croissance
Authors: Machairas Georges
Published: July 2019

While observing an ionic type crystal in equilibrium with the liquid phase under the microscope one can at the same time do a punctual electrolysis corroding part of the crystal.

This way we can obtain information about the growth of crystals (auto-epitaxy) the dissolution speed of the different crystal-faces or about the simultaneous growth of aggregates.

This method has been applied to ionic type crystals such as NaCl or CuSO₄.
Étude des défauts de croissance dans les monocristaux de fluorite naturelle
Authors: Calas Georges , Zarka Albert
Published: July 2019

X ray topographic studies on natural zoned fluorites from Valzergues (Aveyron, France) reveals the presence of growth zones and dislocations. The first are associated to successive colored zones and are probably due to heavy atoms which disturb the growth. The latter are seen always in blue zones, the yellow ones showing often an excellent crystallinity.
Sur le mécanisme de la transformation de l'alloclasite en cobaltite : cas du gisement du Lautaret
Authors: Maurel Colette , Picot Paul
Published: July 2019

L'association alloclasite˗cobaltite a été trouvée dans un filon minéralisé au Lautaret (Hautes-Alpes). L'alloclasite, orthorhombique, est fréquemment transformée en cobaltite, cubique, de même composition, Co₀,₈₃Fe₀,₁₀Ni₀,₀₇AsS (déterminée par analyse à la microsonde électronique).

Des synthèses dans le système CoAs₂-CoS₂ montrent que l'alloclasite est une phase stable dans ce système et que la transformation en cobaltite est due à une très faible augmentation du rapport S/As dans le minéral. Ceci est en accord avec l'ordre de dépôt des minéraux observé au Lautaret qui indique que le milieu s'est enrichi progressivement en soufre.
Quelques précisions sur la constitution minéralogique de la néphélinite à olivine et mélilite d'Essey-la-Côte (Meurthe-et-Moselle)
Authors: Velde Danielle , Thiébaut Jean
Published: July 2019

An olivine melilite nephelinite outcrops near Essey-la-Côte. The chemical composition of its major constituants has been determined using the electron microprobe with the following results : olivine varies little, from Fo₈₄ to Fo₈₇. Clinopyroxene is zoned, the outer rims being enriched in aluminium and titanium. Melilite is sodium-rich, with a composition Ak₅₈-Na melilite₁₉. Nepheline is potassium rich, its structural formula being close to Na₃KAl₄Si₄O₁₆.
Polymorphisme et dilatation thermique du nitrate de cadmium anhydre
Authors: Louër Daniel , Weigel Dominique
Published: July 2019

Le nitrate anhydre de cadmium Cd (NO₃)₂ a été étudié par diffraction des rayons X par la poudre, dans le domaine de température (21° C-316° C). Deux phases sont mises en évidence ; le changement de phase est une transformation du premier ordre. Elle a été confirmée par d'autres méthodes physiques (ATD, dilatométrie et calorimétrie). La température de transition est 160° C. La maille orthorhombique (prouvée par étude sur monocristal) (a = 7,5073 (14) Å, b ⋍ a, c = 15,3692 (35) Å à 21° C) de la phase basse température infirme des résultats précédents ; la structure de la variété haute température est cubique (a = 7,6167 (8) Å à 165° C). Les équations donnant la variation des paramètres des réseaux avec la température sont déterminées.
Structure cristalline de la variété rhomboédrique du sulfate ferrique Fe2(SO4)3
Authors: Masse René , Guitel Jean-Claude , Perret René
Published: July 2019

Present study reports the structure determination of the rhombohedral form of Fe₂ (SO₄)₃. Space group is R[-3]. Lattice constants are : a = 8.229 Å, c = 22.177 Å. This form is isotypic with sulfates : M[III]₂ (SO₄)₃, M[III] = Al, Cr, Ga, V ; M[II] Sn (SO₄)₃, M[II] = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, and phosphates M[V]Ti (PO₄)₃, M[V] = Nb, Sb, Ta ; NbGe (PO₄)₃. The structure of Fe₂ (SO₄)₃ is similar to rhombehedral structure of NaZr₂ (PO₄)₃.
Structure cristalline du sulfotellurure d'uranium UTeS
Authors: Rodier Noël , Nicolas François
Published: July 2019

Le sulfotellurure d'uranium UTeS cristallise dans le système orthorhombique. Sa maille de dimensions a = 7,66 ± 0,01 Å, b = 4,27 ± 0,01 Å, c = 8,84 ± 0,01 Å contient quatre unités formulaires. Les atomes occupent les positions 4c du groupe spatial Pnma. Leurs coordonnées relatives ont été déterminées sur monocristal à la précision de R = 0,06. Cette structure est voisine de celle du chlorure de plomb PbCl₂.
Études de minéraux métalliques lunaires de quelques échantillons d'Apollo 16
Authors: Christophe Michel-Lévy Mireille , Lévy Claude , Johan Zdenek
Published: July 2019

Some morphological aspects of kamacite spheroids in a rock fragment of breccia 60016 are described. The mold of these spheroids are lined with troilite ; some zinc has been found on part of this troilite. These and other iron-nickel grains from breccias 60016 and 61016 have been analysed for Fe, Ni, Co, P. The rust around kamacite particles in breccia 61016 cannot have been introduced in the rock after the shock which has transformed the plagioclase feldspar into maskelynite.
Ullmannite (NiSbS) de Notre-Dame-des-Maures (Var)
Authors: Duvochel Paul , Dietrich Jacques E. , Turco Guy
Published: July 2019

L'ullmannite en cristaux cubiques atteignant vingt millimètres d'arête, a été découverte dans les haldes de vieux travaux à Notre˗Dame˗des˗Maures Est (Var). L'analyse semi˗quantitative en spectro˗fluorescence X est très proche de celle de l'ullmannite de M-Zala-Bou-Cricha (Maroc) .
Use of partial solution of multi˗component equilibria. Case study on pyroxene˗bearing assemblages
Authors: Banno Shohei
Published: July 2019

Nouvelle comparaison des équilibres de phases entre systèmes simples et multicomposants utilisant comme exemples des équilibres grenat˗orthopyroxène, grenat˗clinopyroxène et orthopyroxène˗clinopyroxène.

L'équation du type ln (a[A]α/a[A]β) = — ΔG/RT [où a[A] est l'activité du composant A dans les phases α et ß] est valable aussi bien dans les systèmes simples que dans les systèmes multicomposants. Le terme — ΔG/RT peut être obtenu à partir des données expérimentales sur des systèmes simples et multicomposants, en utilisant des modèles cristallochimiques de solutions solides appropriés. Ils conviennent particulièrement bien si le système simple est CaSiO₃-MgSiO₃-Al₂O₃ ou une composition de type ultramafique ou basaltique. En ce qui concerne le composant enstatite, l'équilibre clinopyroxène˗orthopyroxène peut être utilisé pour estimer la température de formation à ± 40° à 60° près dans un domaine de températures supérieures à 1 000° C et l'équilibre grenat˗orthopyroxène peut être utilisé pour déterminer la pression à ± 2-3 kbars près.

Conséquences géologiques de cette méthode sur l'étude des roches naturelles.
Évolution des structures cristallographique et magnétique des solutions solides ilménite˗hématite
Authors: Marnier Gérard , Bolfa Joseph
Published: July 2019

Similary to the case of the solid solution FeTiO₃-αFe₂O₃, the series NiTiO₃-αFe₂O₃ manifests a crystallographic transition R[-3]—R[-3]c which depends strongly on the quench temperature. Presentation of a magnetic model which covers whole solid solution range of ilmenite-hematite. The resulting magnetic moment is correlated to the composition and degree of cationic order of the solution. For the series FeTiO₃-αFe₂O₃, the agreement is excellent, between the calculated order ratio obtained from the magnetic measurements of Y. Ishikawa and neutron-diffraction data of G. Shirane.
Étude de l'enthalpie de démixtion d'un verre
Authors: Lallement Jean , Herbert Jean , Anthony-Barbier Anne-Marie
Published: July 2019

Enthalpy variation of an immiscibility in a glass was studied by measuring the heat of solutions of the glass samples of different thermal history. The glass used for this study is a sodium borosilicate having a composition : 60 % SiO₂, 30 % B₂O₃ and 10 % Na₂O (mole %). Heat treatments of glass samples were at 650° C, 675° C and 700° C. Durations of the treatment were varied from 1 /4 to 96 hours. ∆[dem] is equal to the difference between the heat of solution of the non immiscible glass and that of immiscible one. Measurements of ∆H were performed with a Calvet' s microcalorimeter by using aqueous solution of HF 10 % at 50° C. The results of these measurements were compared with observations by an optical microscope, by an electron microscope and by a scanning electron microscope.

The study indicates that the immiscibility of this glass proceeds in three stages : unmixed glass containing thermal strain, crystallization of the surface occuring several hours after the beginning of the immiscibility and finally very slow evolution of the second immiscibility.
Beispiele zum Einfluss der Bildungsbedingungen auf Natürliche Mischkristallgleichgewichte
Authors: Klemm D. D. , Snethlage R. , Weber-Diefenbach K.
Published: July 2019

Cet article illustre premièrement, l'influence marquante de la pression partielle d'oxygène sur les domaines de solutions solides en système FeO-Fe₂O₃-Cr₂O₃. La pression partielle P[O₂] régnant dans un système de rapport Fe/Cr fixé peut agir sur la formation des phases du type chromite, pour faire s'écarter notablement leur composition de ce rapport.

Deuxièmement, que les solutions solides jusqu'ici étudiées dans le système pseudobinaire PbS-Bi₂S₃ ne contribuent pas à la compréhension de la genèse des sulfosels plomb-bismuth naturels en raison des faibles quantités de Cu, Fe, Ag et Sb qui ne peuvent être représentés dans ce système.

Troisièmement, on montre que la formation de plagioclases métamorphiques dont la composition est fonction de la température ne dépend pas nécessairement de la chimie de la roche totale. Dans de nombreux cas il est possible d'illustrer les relations entre les compositions des plagioclases et hornblendes coexistants. Le Ca, Al, Na et Si de ces deux phases s'échangent d'après les conditions physico-chimiques ambiantes. Les variations de température de cette réaction à deux phases ne peuvent en aucun cas être comparées au géothermomètre des plagioclases déterminé expérimentalement.
The alkali feldspar solvus : the case for a first-order break on the K˗limb
Authors: Martin Robert F.
Published: July 2019

Les limites de miscibilité dans le système NaAlSi₃O₈-KAlSi₃O₈ sont importantes vu le rôle central que jouent les feldspaths alcalins perthitiques dans l'écorce terrestre. Cette étude exploite le fait que les feldspaths synthétisés en milieu hyperalcalin atteignent leur état d'équilibre plus rapidement que les feldspaths cristallisés à partir de compositions stœchiométriques ou hyperalumineuses. Ce phénomène a pour résultat d'améliorer les raies de diffraction sur un cliché de poudre, et de permettre ainsi le calcul des paramètres réticulaires des feldspaths coexistants. La composition N[Or] et le degré d'ordre ∆ (bc) des feldspaths synthétisés à 2,5 kbar sont déterminés. Les feldspaths potassiques accusent, vers 475° C, une discontinuité importante en N[Or], que nous croyons être l'expression métastable de la transformation monoclinique˗triclinique. On n'observe aucun signe de développement d'une phase triclinique. La discontinuité apparaît aussi dans les feldspaths synthétisés à 5 et 10 kbar. Au point de vue du degré d'ordre, les feldspaths sodiques, après 10 jours à 375° C, rappellent l'albite ordonnée, tandis que les feldspaths potassiques se rapprochent plutôt de l'orthose. La vitesse de recristallisation dans la transformation désordre → ordre ne dépend pas de la teneur en sodium pour les feldspaths potassiques, ni la teneur en potassium pour les feldspaths sodiques.
Correlations between the unit˗cell dimensions and the chemical and structural parameters in plagioclases and alkaline-earth feldspars
Authors: Bruno Emiliano , Facchinelli Aurelio
Published: July 2019

Lors d'un précédent travail, on a mis en évidence expérimentalement l'existence d'une solution solide métastable dans les feldspaths Ca₁₋ₓ⎕ₓ.Al₂₋₂ₓSiAl₂₊₂ₓO₈ (0 < x < 0,17 et 1 < Si/Al < 1,4). Les caractéristiques chimiques et structurales des plagioclases calciques lunaires indiquent la présence d'une même solution solide dans les échantillons naturels. On a comparé les modifications du réseau dans cette solution solide avec les variations de dimensions de la maille des plagioclases dans le domaine An₁₀₀-An₆₇ (1 < Si/Al < 1,4) afin d'obtenir des informations sur les corrélations entre paramètres chimiques et paramètres cristallins. Une comparaison avec le comportement d'autres feldspaths et de feldspaths analogues substitués permet de mettre en évidence l'intérêt de prendre en considération la coordination du cation non tétraédrique pour donner une interprétation structurale des corrélations entre l'état structural, la composition chimique et les constantes du réseau dans les feldspaths.
Experimental study of silicon and aluminium ordering phenomena in aluminosilicates
Authors: Senderov E. E.
Published: July 2019

Les aluminosilicates du type tectosilicate peuvent être considérés comme des solutions solides dans lesquelles le phénomène de mise en ordre des Si et Al se produit lorsque la température s'abaisse. La persistance de phases présentant un désordre métastable rend ce phénomène difficile à observer. Les conditions qui gênent la formation et la conservation de cristaux métastables favorisent en même temps l'obtention des espèces ordonnées. Ces conditions comprennent l'utilisation de minéraliseurs, de mélanges, de matériaux de départ cristallins et non pas amorphes, de germes, de longues durées des expériences. Différentes combinaisons de ces conditions permettent d'obtenir de la natrolite une zéolite à charpente ordonnée, de l'analcime stœchiométrique, dans laquelle l'ordre dans la distribution des Si et Al est supposé, de l'albite basse température, du microcline (associé à la kalsilite). La natrolite a été synthétisée dans le domaine 100° à 200° C, l'analcime stœchiométrique à 250-350° C, l'albite basse température à 300-450° C, le microcline à 200° C. La pression est fournie par la pression de vapeur saturante à 2 000 atmosphères. Les limites supérieures de stabilité sont : 300° C pour la natrolite, 400° C pour l'analcime stœchiométrique, 700° C pour l'albite ordonnée. Les données ne permettent pas de savoir si la transition désordre˗ordre de l'albite est continue ou discontinue. La formation des solutions solides de l'analcime peut être le résultat d'une croissance métastable. L'alcalinité de la solution au contact des cristaux a l'effet catalytique le plus important sur les transformations ordre-désordre. Dans le cas de l'albite basse température, les taux de transformation à 300-350° C sont approximativement proportionnels à la concentration des ions dans la solution initiale. L'énergie d'activation du processus de mise en ordre, dans ces conditions, est d'environ 10 kcal/mole. Cependant, avec l'accroissement de la température, la différence entre l'influence d'une solution alcaline et celle de l'eau pure ajoutée à l'aluminosilicate initial diminue pour devenir nulle à 550° C. Les données sur la cinétique permettent d'évaluer la durée nécessaire pour la mise en ordre de l'albite et de comparer la probabilité de conservation de la forme désordonnée, dans les conditions naturelles, à différentes températures.
Sur les composés Na3TO4 (T = Nb, Ta et Ru). Structure cristalline de Na3Nb O4
Authors: Darriet Jacques , Galy Jean
Published: July 2019

Na₃TO₄ with T = Nb, Ta, Ru crystallize in the monoclinic system, space group C2/m (Z = 8). The structure is an ordered NaCl lattice with three different types of cationic ordering in string parallel to the b — axis.

The structure is compared with that of Na₃BiO₄ and Na₃SbO₄.
Sur une variété orthorhombique de Cs2VF6. Préparation et structure cristalline
Authors: Waltersson Kjell , Wilhelmi Karl-Axel , Carpy Alain , Galy Jean
Published: July 2019

Cs₂VF₆ crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Ccmm. The parameters are : a = 15.267 Å, b = 6.479 Å, c = 7.001 Å. The caesium atoms are inserted between isolated (VF₆)²⁻ octahedra (R = 0.030).
Differential thermal and thermogravimetric analyses of the Bahariya iron ore deposits, Egypt
Authors: Tosson Salama , El-Mahdy O. R. , Saad Nadi A.
Published: July 2019

The iron ore deposits of the Bahariya Oasis, Western Desert, generally occur as irregularly shaped bodies replacing the Lower Lutetian limestone. The present work is carried out to ascertain the mineralogy of the Bahariya iron ore deposits and the associated gangue minerals by differential thermal and thermogravimetric analyses.

The ores consist mainly of goethite, hematite and amorphous hydrated ferric oxide and, in certain places, subordinate amounts of lepidocrocite, pyrolusite, psilomelane and manganite. Some iron and copper sulphides were also detected in few samples. Several non-opaque minerals were recorded in small amounts admixed with the ore minerals, namely : amorphous silica, quartz, gypsum, chamosite, nontronite, glauconite, calcite, dolomite, breunnerite and halite. The DTA curves illustrate the various thermal characteristics and thermal changes either chemically or structurally. The percentage of goethite, both poorly and well crystallized, were estimated using the DTA data obtained.
Consumption tendencies of foods of animal origin in Hungary
Authors: Balogh Viktória
Published: July 2019

One of the most important indices of the population's food consumption are the quantities of the consumed foods expressed in a natural measure. In the course of my examination from the 1980 years I examined how our dietary habits changed. I was able to demonstrate it by the time series examination well, in which years and in a what kind of measure these consumer changes occurred. The trend analysis was in it onto my help, that let me be allowed to depict his beat as the changes of the food consumption visual.In his totality the Hungarian population nutritional and from his consumer customs we may relate that the present nourishment increases it unambiguous the diet pendant the risk of illnesses, furthers their development, aggravates their effect, and contributes to the population's adverse health conditions powerful.It was over in some years, in a decade on a unfortunate manner, we lost the natural instinct of the selection of the food in a considerable part. Our diet fundamental the narrower and the customs of wider environment, his rules, the social values, beliefs define it. Because of this to feed it is necessary to study it.The changed and the health-conscious nourishment would be  important for him herding back into a upturned dietary habit correct bed with a wide circle recognizing him with the population, his role could be big for the healthy, or functional foods. The nourishment gives his pleasure likewise while we take over healthy foods.The recognition of the changes of the demand and accompanying him with attention could be the domestic food producers' fundamental interests. The consumer types and the market segments should be mapped, that they suitable marketing a strategy can be aimed at it, and into the direction of the healthy nutrition to push away, and would be need onto an efficient informative campaign, onto an advertisement message formulated well, onto the making aware of this, that let the advertisement supply an educational function in one.
Examination the users’s opinion of the electronic submission programme
Authors: Cseh András
Published: July 2019

In Hungary the Agricultural and Rural Development Agency (ARDA) started to introduce electronic filling and submission of application forms for the two-hundred-thousand farmers in 2008. For submission it is recommended to be registered using by client gate. The producers' benefits have more results from electronic filling. Filling in and submitting the applications electronically ensure data will be correct and the application technically flawless and this can be the basis on the payment of former financial support and avoidance of sanctions or subtractions due to technical faults. The farmers may ensure the money more quickly. Based on survey is analysed the users of system conceive of the electronic submission programme.
Possible explanations for the transformation of the Northern Great Plain Region's labour market
Authors: Gerda István Zsolt
Published: July 2019

As a result of the processes of hungarian economy and society the increase in territorial differences is noticeable in the last few days. The changes in society's status, the rate of increase and the level of development can be tracked for example in the diverse variation of labour market. In my study I would like to demonstrate the typical processes of labour market based on the time scale between 2000-2007, and I also want to reveal the root causes of the change in unemployment rate. The source of data is a regular, representative labour-survey by the Hungarian CentralStatistical Office based on interviewing people, as well as registration on place-hunters by the Employment and Social Office together with the summary of governmental subsidy. I targeted the age-groups between 15-74 years in my analysis, but the results are not modified by the over 65 years old population because of their small economical importance. I define the status of labour market by markers among others like economical activity, employment rate, unemployment rate, and I also consider the change in the amount of registered place-hunters in the period examined. My aim is to determine the responsible coefficients of the change in unemployment rate.
Interactions of the scientific results and practice in the biodiesel plant in Mátészalka, in the eastern tri-border area of Hungary
Authors: Góczi István
Published: July 2019

This study summarises the observations about the operation of the first Hungarian model-like biodiesel plant (which has a producer background). In order to efficiently and safely operate the applied technology and to produce biodiesel that conforms to international standards, it was indispensable to apply the scientific results in practice and to develop a cooperation with the University of Debrecen (Centre of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering). The biodiesel plant has a significant importance from the aspects of the Eastern tri-border area and the North Great Plain region.
Examination of requirements of labour market, connected with competencies of agrienvironmental engineers and nature protection engineers
Authors: Mocsáriné Fricz Julianna
Published: July 2019

The most important goal of firms is to supply demand of their economic partners. To make it successfully, highly qualified human resource is needed. The quality of human resource is determined not only by qualification, command of a language, professional experience, practise, but extant competencies that can also be developped. To choose the expectant employee, it is not enough to have intelligence and proficiency. It is also decesive to examine particular competencies. All of these will define the employee’s achievement that can be the right way to the success ofthe enterprise. It is need to make the cooperation between higher education institutions and employers closer. As a result of this, employers can know theirs ways about possibilities of the new higher educational training system. They can use professional knowledge, competencies of the Bologna system’s graduates at different pointsof the economic life. The higher education institutions can revise their training systems considering requirements of labour market. According to these requirements, they can form syllabus in order to train auspicious experts.
Islamic (accounting) ethics education: Learning from shalat
Authors: Kamayanti Ari
Published: July 2019

Abstrak

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap penyesatan profesionalisme konvensional sebagai salah satu etika akuntansi dalam hal etika Islam, dan memberikan solusi melalui praktik shalat. Dengan studi naratif-intervensi di tiga kelas akuntansi pada tingkat sarjana dan pascasarjana, intervensi atau terobosan dari cara pembelajaran rutin digambarkan. Ditemukan bahwa pandangan konvensional tentang melihat pendidikan formal telah menjadi penghalang untuk menerapkan cara-cara Islam. Studi ini memberikan kritik terhadap profesionalisme akuntan serta proposal tentang bagaimana melakukan pendidikan Islam dalam sistem konvensional dan sekuler. Upaya berkelanjutan akan membantu siswa untuk menyadari bahwa melayani Tuhan adalah puncak profesionalisme. Konsep profesionalisme dalam etika akuntansi juga harus diperluas dalam definisinya.AbstractThis article aims to reveal the misdirection of conventional professionalism as one of accounting ethics in terms of Islamic ethics, and provides a solution through the practice of shalat. By narrative-interventionism study in three accounting classes in undergraduates and postgraduates levels, the intervention or break through from routine way of learning was portrayed. It is found that conventional view of seeing formal scheduled education has become a barrier to apply Islamic ways. This study provided critics towards accountants’ professionalism as well as a proposal of how to conduct Islamic education within the conventional and secular system. A continuous effort will help the students to realize that to serve God is the pinnacle of professionalism. The concept of professionalism in accounting ethics should therefore also be extended in its definition.
Determinan nilai perusahaan
Authors: Djuharni Darti , Rajani Vanyah Jessica
Published: July 2019

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Good Corporate Governance (GCG), profitabilitas, dan leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 39 dari 13 perusahaan sub sektor pertambangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Good Corporate Governance, yang diproksikan dengan kepemilikan institusional dan kepemilikan managerial, profitabilitas dengan proksi Return On Equity (ROE), dan leverage menggunakan proksi Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan.

Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG), profitability, and leverage on firm value. The method used is multiple linear regression analysis with a total sample of 39 out of 13 mining sub-sector companies. The results of the study indicate Good Corporate Governance, which is proxied by institutional ownership and managerial ownership, profitability with proxy Return On Equity (ROE), and leverage using the proxy Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) to affect the value of the company.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, PROFITABILITAS, DAN PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR TRANSPORTASI YANG TERCACAT DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2012-2014
Authors: Chaidir Chaidir
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe Firms Value is investors perception towards the companys success level which is often related tothe price of the stock. The high price of stock makes the value of the company high. The high FirmsValue will make the market believe in not only the present condition of the company but also theprospect of the company. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Capital Structure,Profitability, and Company Growth simultaneosly / together and partially on the Firms Value. Periodof 2 years of research carried out during the year 2013-2014. This type of research is quantitative, themethode used purposive sampling. The analytical methode used is inferential statistics. The analyticalmethod using analytical tools that multiple linear regression analysis.The result is, The coefficient ofmultiple determination adjusted for adjusted R square = 0,670 means that 67 %. Firms Value isinfluenced by factors DAR, DER, ROE,ROA, Asset Growth and 33% is explained by other variabel.Result F test shows that simultaneosly DAR, DER, ROE, ROA and Asset Growth has significant effecton Firms Value. While t test show that partially DER, ROE and Asset Growth has significant positiveeffect on the Firms Value, variable DAR has negative effect on the Firms Value, and ROA has nosignificant effect on Firms Value.Keyword : DAR, DER, ROE, ROA, Asset Growth, dan PBV