bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Note and photographs of a roosting White-throated Needletail Hirundapus caudacutus from New South Wales
Authors:   Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), EcoSciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road,  Dutton Park, Brisbane QLD 4102, Australia, Vanderduys Eric , Macdonald Stewart ,   Health and Biosecurity, CSIRO, Australian Tropical Sciences and Information Precinct, Building 145, James Cook University, Townsville QLD 4814, Australia, Pavey Chris ,   Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), EcoSciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road,  Dutton Park, Brisbane QLD 4102, Australia
Published: March 2024

White-throated Needletails Hirundapus caudacutus are very rarely recorded landing in Australia. Here we report on the circumstances of a roosting White-throated Needletail, from the Pilliga Forest, New South Wales. It was detected while we were undertaking targeted nocturnal fauna surveys. We describe the habitat type and provide photographs of the posture and context of a wild White-throated Needletail roosting. We speculate briefly about a potential failed attempt at predation of the Needletail by a Brown Falcon Falco berigora.
PENGARUH EFIKASI DIRI TERHADAP PROKRASTINASI MELALUI SELF-REGULATED LEARNING
Authors: Kusumawati Dyan , Siswandari Siswandari , Hamidi Nurhasan
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This research are to investigate: (1) the direct influence of self efficacy on procrastination; (2) the direct influence of self efficacy on self-regulated learning; and (3) the indirect influence of self efficacy on procrastination through self-regulated learning. This research is ex-post facto research using quantitative approach. Samples of this research was 176 students who selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data of the research was collected through questionnaire. Data analyzed by using path analysis. The results of the research show that: (1) there was a significant direct influence of self efficacy on procrastination; (2) there was a significant direct influence of self efficacy on self-regulated learning; and (3) there were a significant indirect influence of self efficacy on procrastination through self-regulated learning. The result of this research are expected to reduce procrastination behavior by increasing self-efficacy and self-regulated learning.  

 

Keywords: Self Efficacy, Self-regulated Learning, Procrastination

 

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh langsung efikasi diri terhadap prokrastinasi; (2) pengaruh langsung efikasi diri terhadap self-regulated learning; dan (3) pengaruh tidak langsung efikasi diri terhadap prokrastinasi melalui self-regulated learning. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian ex-post facto dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 176 mahasiswa dipilih menggunakan teknik proportionate stratified random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan path analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh langsung yang signifikan efikasi diri terhadap prokrastinasi; (2) terdapat pengaruh langsung yang signifikan efikasi diri terhadap self-regulated learning; dan (3) terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung yang signifikan efikasi diri terhadap prokrastinasi melalui self-regulated learning. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi perilaku prokrastinasi dengan meningkatkan efikasi diri dan self-regulated learning.

Kata Kunci : Efikasi Diri, Self-regulated Learning, Prokrastinasi

 
Mitigation of Salinity Stress Effects in Tomatoa (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ) by Using Calcium Chloride
Authors: Al-Rubaiee Fadhil Alaywe Atiyah
Published: March 2024

In the world, salinity has become an increasing danger for agricultural production. A factorial pot experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD) was conducted in the present research, aimed to look at how growth, yield parameters, and biochemical contents were influenced by the exogenous application of calcium chloride (CaCl2, 0, 5, and 10 mM) of tomato exposed to salt stress (NaCl, 0, 25, and 75 mM), Growth was slowed and Both the sodium percentage and proline content increased under salt stress. However, the growth, yield, and biochemical content characteristics were improved by the application of Ca, enhanced plant height, dry weight of the shoots and roots, the number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, the percentage of nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, relative water content (RWC), and increased proline content,  moreover a significant reduction in the sodium percentages, when compared to the control. Lastly, exogenous Ca use improves resistance to salt stress.  Moreover, the use of 10 mM CaCl2 caused the beneficial effects of Ca, which has been suggested to enhance tomato performance in salinized conditions.
Waste Heat Recovery Utilization for Thermal-Based Water Desalination to Improve Energy Efficiency at Oil and Gas Operations
Authors: Sahak Muhammad Zakwan Mohd , Zain Masniroszaime Md , Thant Maung Maung Myo
Published: March 2024

The abundance of waste heat generated from gas turbines at oil & gas operations offers a promising avenue for utilizing this thermal energy to desalinate seawater and produce freshwater for various applications using thermal desalination processes. The concept of waste heat recovery is a well-established practice that is currently widely used for the heating of hot oil for purposes such as controlling the quality of the condensate stream. This paper discusses the concept of seawater desalination utilizing waste heat recovery through the thermal desalination process. An assessment of the available waste heat is carried out to evaluate the associated heat capacity for seawater desalination. A block diagram connecting different process units is developed to analyze the integration feasibility of different components involved from feed source (seawater, waste heat) and product (desalinated water or freshwater). Thermal-based desalination technology of multiple effect distillation (MED) is used for the evaluation, and the amount of energy tradeoff is subsequently quantified, based on the scalability of the treated water capacity and potential end use. Process simulation is used to estimate the amount of treated water that can be generated driven by the available waste heat's capacity. Waste heat analysis shows that potentially up to 38 MW of heat can be used for heating the water and used for boiling/distillation to produce the desalinated seawater. This study guides the design strategy and considerations for scaling up the concept of utilizing waste heat recovery from power generation operations for seawater desalination via thermal desalination process. The feasibility of using the freshwater generated either for various uses at oil & gas production facilities or for nearby facilities is also evaluated to achieve energy rationalization and contribute to the decarbonization of oil & gas operations.
Synergistic Application of Superhydrophilic Silanes Coating and Nanobubbles Turbulence to Mitigate Ceramic Nanofiltration Membrane Fouling
Authors: Colic M.
Published: March 2024

Produced water and wastewater in the petroleum industry often have very high salinity. This incapacitates polymeric flocculants and flotation oil separation. Ceramic nanofiltration (NF) membranes seem like a natural solution for dispersed oils and macromolecules separations at high salinity and temperature. However, membrane fouling limits their application. We showed that by modifying wettability and surface charge and hydration of such membranes and promoting local turbulence one can mitigate membrane fouling.

Based on our past work, we coated ceramic particles with nonionic silane coupling agents with ethylene oxide (CH2-CH2-O)6-9 or EO 9-12 groups. Titania has high surface charge and below isoelectric point attracts negative molecules and droplets. The opposite happens above the isoelectric point. Coating with ethylene oxide silane produced superhydrophilic surface with contact angle below 12 degrees and very low surface energy and zeta potential below +-5 mV. Such surfaces and oil droplets now did during pressure filtration attach in non-touching networks due to steric repulsions and hydration layers, where particles reside in the so called secondary interparticle force minimum that is much shallower. It was easy to clean so coated membranes from adsorbed oils and particles. Application of small nanobubbles with diameter between 50 and 225 nm further promoted turbulence and reduced fouling rate. During nanobubbles collapse, hydroxyl radicals are produced. Such turbulence and oxidative species significantly incapacitated bacteria and no biofouling were observed. Up to 85% reduction of fouling rate was achieved. Pulsed EC fields or radiofrequency RF electromagnetic fields can be used to further reduce nanobubbles’ size.
A Comprehensive Approach for Evaluating and Treating Tight Emulsion
Authors: Aljuryyed N. W. , Sahu Q. A.
Published: March 2024

Summery

Although there are numerous research activities done on challenging oil samples to be separated from tight water emulsions, there are still critical elements missing about onsite characterization of the real oil samples with emulsion. This disparity could be the major reason that is leading to limitation towards the design and implementations of better demulsification strategies. Emulsions’ characterization shall inform about its type (water in-crude oil, crude oil-in-water, or multiple), describe surfactants, water cut, droplets size and distribution, and depict the viscosity of the dispersed and continuous phases. Knowledge about the rheological properties of the fluid is vital in engineering design of gathering systems and choose pumps and tubing sizes for wells and pipelines.

In this work, we showed an integrated framework for emulsion characterization and apply that framework in the characterization of real oil samples with tight emulsion. We follow a holistic approach that look at the challenge from downhole in the well to the processing plant. Characterization of the emulsion samples depicts high asphaltenes content (10 wt%), composed of ionizable groups such as carboxylic acid, high water cut, high formation water salinity (> 150, 000 ppm Ca2+ with pH ˜6). Since change in the water cut changes the crude oil, high salinity in the formation water generally leads to very high salt amount per total volume of emulsion (about 2000 ppm Ca2+).

Identification of the major factors leading to tight emulsions through characterization of real oil/water emulsion led us to design better roadmap for demulsification strategies in matured wells. This information is also vital for designing of new wells to accommodate better choices of equipment and process for future highly likely appearance of emulsion.
Alternatives to Fresh Water in Hydraulic Fracturing Operations: Success Stories Supporting Sustainability and Circular Water Economy
Authors: Kalgaonkar Rajendra A. , Sahu Qasim A. , Malik Ataur R. , Ghamdi Abdullah A. , Ghazwi Mustafa A.
Published: March 2024

Hydraulic Fracturing is a water intensive operation with utilization of millions of gallons of fresh water in each well stimulation operation. For a sustainable future it is important to conserve fresh water by replacing it with water from alternative resources such as discarded water from NGL plants and seawater. However, utilization of these waters poses significant performance drawbacks due to factors such as water incompatibility with fracturing fluid additives that may lead to formation damage and lowering of well productivity. To overcome these drawbacks new fracturing fluid chemistries, need to be developed that can deliver the optimal well stimulation performance.

In this paper we showcase the development and field applications of two new fracturing fluids that were developed utilizing the discard water for NGL plants and high salinity seawater, respectively. We discuss the excellent performance of these fracturing fluids in enhancing the well productivity and providing a sustainable alternative to fresh water in hydraulic fracturing operations supporting the circular water economy. The new fluid systems were evaluated in several key aspects during laboratory development including, rheology performance and formation damage potential. Extensive compatibility studies were performed with fluids that were the part of operational pumping schedule including main acids and viscoelastic diverters. Further, design of operational programs for successful implementation towards enhancing well productivity in acid fracturing operations will be discussed.

The new fracturing fluids demonstrated excellent high temperature stability, compatibility with acid fracturing fluids and minimal formation damage. The developed fracturing fluids were able to reach a stable viscosity in less than 5 minutes showcasing excellent hydration behavior. Rheological performance tested at 300 °F showed stable viscosity above 300 cP. Because of high salinity of the discard water and seawater the fracturing fluids were developed using a new scale inhibitor. Formation damage tests resulted in high regain permeability of > 85%. Field stimulation treatments in acid fracturing operations using the new discard water from NGL plants as well as seawater based fracturing fluid showcased excellent flowback performance with no reservoir damage. It was shown that the fracturing fluid based on discharged water from the NGL can be utilized in stimulation operations without any pre-treatment of this water whereas, the seawater requires a sulfate removal treatment prior to field application.

New fracturing fluids based on alternative water resources to fresh water were developed and field deployed with excellent productivity enhancement performance. These fracturing fluid systems provide a sustainable alternative to fresh water in addition to supporting the circular water economy.
Development of a Modified Dummy Gas Lift Valve for Subsurface Depth-Resolved Microbiological Sampling and 3D Mapping
Authors: McElhinney J. M. W. R. , Gomes J. S. , Hasan A. , Dias J.
Published: March 2024

Objectives/Scope

This study outlines the development and use of a modified dummy gas lift valve designed to obtain subsurface microbiological samples from a defined depth series across a production well. An overview of the initial field pilot is presented wherein microbiological data from the modified valve will be contrasted with topside samples to evaluate the information yielded from sampling downhole biofilm communities in place of planktonic populations from the well head.

Methods, Procedures, Process

In this approach, the modified dummy gas lift valve, preloaded topside with carbonate plugs and coupons, is deployed at various depths in the well's completion for downhole incubation. This modification allows production fluids to wet the payloads, enabling in situ biofilm colonization by reservoir communities across depth and temperature gradients. Post retrieval using a slickline tool, sample DNA is extracted for metagenomic sequencing, assessing microbial composition and metabolic capabilities (including souring and MIC-related activities). Concurrent production fluid samples from the wellhead will be analyzed for comparison to evaluate any information gained from biofilm over planktonic population sampling.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

Samples from the modified valve are expected to provide sufficient yields of DNA, uncontaminated by non-resident microbes from outside of the producer. Microbial data from downhole biofilms is anticipated to provide a more diverse community makeup than production fluid communities sampled at the wellhead, with a corresponding increase in problematic species associated with MIC and souring. Corrosion coupon analyses will enable conclusions regarding proactive decision-making enablement and extrapolations of 3D projections of microbiological communities between modified valves across the completion column will provide the relationship between in situ conditions, microbial colonization in the context of pore space and risks of unfavourable microbiological activities with potential correlations to known zones of souring and corrosion. Understanding these microbial profiles can directly inform targeted interventions in reservoir management for more efficient and sustainable operations.

Novel/Additive Information

This paper presents a novel approach to in situ microbiological sampling at specific reservoir depths, a procedure not commonly practiced due to significant constraints associated with existing subsurface sampling approaches (such as side wall coring and core drilling operations). The resulting data can provide valuable insights for practicing engineers into the actual communities residing downhole and spatial microbiological heterogeneity of reservoirs, enabling more accurate proactive assessment for reservoir water management and maintenance.
Framework for Optimal Waterflood Design: Guiding the Right Choice – Part I
Authors: Khan M. N. , Dada A. , Maire F.
Published: March 2024

This abstract encapsulates the essence of a series of technical papers dedicated to optimizing waterflooding operations in the petroleum industry. These papers collectively represent a comprehensive guide, addressing the multifaceted dimensions of waterflooding from planning to execution and monitoring, with a focus on enhancing production efficiency while minimizing environmental impacts. This first paper, a key part of the series, offers an in-depth analysis of the waterflood development framework for various types of reservoirs, both offshore and onshore, highlighting the adaptability required for different geological contexts such as carbonate and sandstone fields.

The methodology employed in this paper reflects a holistic approach, encompasses a systematic evaluation of waterflood performance across four main factors: reservoir characteristics, water quality, injection and production strategies, and surface facilities. This evaluation strives to integrate advanced technologies and methodologies with the environmental considerations, regulatory compliance, and the diverse technical and operational challenges encountered in waterflooding projects. The associated risks and challenges underscore the complexity and dynamism of waterflooding, emphasizing the need for comprehensive reservoir characterization, appropriate water quality control, flexible strategy adaptation, and robust surface infrastructure.

This paper aims to provide appropriate integrated details and evaluation of waterflood development and performance. It provides a valuable resource for the petroleum industry, guiding professionals and researchers in designing and optimizing waterflood projects. By presenting practical, technologically advanced solutions, this paper contributes to the advancement of waterflood technology, the enhancement of oil recovery processes, and the economic and environmental sustainability of waterflood operations. As part of a dynamic series, it reflects the evolving nature of industry practices and technological advancements, aiming to guide strategic, efficient, and profitable waterflood management in oil recovery.
Unlocking Value: Comparative Well Study Shows Energy and Cost Savings via Reduction in Water and Gain in Oil Using Autonomous Inflow Control Valve (AICV) in a Major Brownfield in The Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Al Lawati A. H. , Al Harthi M. , Al Riyami S. , Al Kindi R. , Baqer A. , Al Araimi Y. , Ismail I. M. , Fahmy A.
Published: March 2024

Fields in the South of Oman house a variety of complexities ranging from geological to operational. Three sandstones reservoirs exist, each with their own properties and recovery mechanisms; however, the commonality they share is the issues with water production. Dozens of wells have been completed in this field, but non-uniform fluid influx causes wells to produce over nine barrels of water to around one barrel of oil. This goes without saying the requirements to handle the water, which are large and costly. The effects of these are also found in CO2 emissions, which continue to be a detriment to not only the environment but the industry. Therefore, the need for technology to combat these issues is critical. As a result, the operator decided to complete wells with the Autonomous Inflow Control Valve (AICV).

The valve is designed to shut off for unwanted fluid, like water, and open for oil, unlocking the avenue to sustainable production and cost-effectiveness. The AICV can detect the fluid flowing through it via its properties like density and viscosity and react based on its mechanical properties. This paper will describe this in detail, along with explanations of the AICV completion and flow characteristics.

As the fields were drilled by the operator and completed with and without AICVs, there was a difference in performance, which meant different results. Therefore, a study was conducted to quantify them and compare between AICV and nearby wells, offering valuable insights. From 2019 to 2023, comparing between 79 AICV wells and 100 nearby, wire-wrap screen (WWS) wells, AICV wells, on average, have demonstrated an increase in oil by two-fold and a decrease in water by 42% compared to nearby wells. This gain in oil meant higher revenue, which was also more than double. The reduction in water meant less CO2 emissions by 71%, energy output by 42% and cost by 28%.

The results are positive indications towards industry and environment, aiding in the commitments towards tackling water issues while ensuring sustainable and green operations. This field-proven technology has shown that in brownfields with aging reservoirs, untapped oil can be produced, increasing recovery while elongating well life.
Response Strategies of Five Common Warm Temperate Species to Insect Defoliation
Authors: Wang Ning , Li Qiang , Wu Pan , Yi Shijie , Wen Xuehong , Liu Xiao
Published: March 2024

Under the background of global climate change, the insect herbivory phenomenon has been frequent, which significantly affects the growth, survival, and regeneration of forest plants in the warm temperate zone of China. Plants can adopt defense responses to adapt to insect defoliation. Therefore, field experiments were conducted on five common warm temperate species, Quercus acutissima, Quercus serrata, Quercus aliena, Quercus dentata, and Robinia pseudoacacia. We measured the leaf traits of healthy trees and insect defoliated trees, to explore the response strategies of common species in warm temperate zones to insect defoliation. Our results showed that native species stored more carbon in extreme environments for survival rather than growth, while alien species tended to adopt active resource acquisition strategies and were more inclined towards growth. Then the content of tannins and flavonoids in the alien species R. pseudoacacia did not significantly increase after leaf damage, while the content of secondary metabolites such as tannins, flavonoids, and total phenols in the native species Q. acutissima, Q. serrata, Q. aliena, Q. dentata increased significantly after leaf damage. This indicated that compared to alien species, native species would invest more resources in defense, which might reduce resource allocation for growth. Thus, the native Quercus species have stronger resistance than the alien species R. pseudoacacia after insect defoliation.
Improving generalizability and data efficiency for MHC-I binding peptide predictions through structure-based geometric deep learning
Authors: Xue Li , Marzella Dario , Crocioni Giulia , Radusinović Tadija , Lepikhov Daniil , Severin Heleen , Bodor Dani , Rademaker Daniel , Lin ChiaYu , Georgievska Sonja , Renaud Nicolas , Kessler Amy , Lopez-Tarifa Pablo , Buschow Sonja , Bekkers Erik
Published: March 2024

The interaction between peptides and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is pivotal for tissue transplantation, pathogen recognition and autoimmune disease treatments. Recent advances in cancer immunotherapies demand for more accurate computational prediction of MHC-bound peptides. We address the generalizability challenge of MHC-bound peptide predictions, revealing limitations in current sequence-based approaches. Our solution employs structure-based methods leveraging geometric deep learning (GDL), yielding up to 8% improvement in generalizability across unseen MHC alleles. We tackle data efficiency by introducing a self-supervised learning approach surpassing sequence-based methods, even without being trained on binding affinity data. Finally, we demonstrate the resilience of structure-based GDL methods to biases in binding data on an Hepatitis B virus vaccine design case study. This study highlights structure-based methods’ potential to enhance generalizability and data efficiency, with implications for data-intensive fields like T-cell receptor specificity predictions, paving the way for enhanced comprehension and manipulation of immune responses.
Atomic-scale insights into topotactic transformations in extra-large pore silicate zeolites using time-resolved 3D electron diffraction
Authors: Zou Xiaodong , Luo Yi , Xu Hao , Han Yue , Tong Wen , Jiao Meichen , Wang Naihong , Jiang Jingang , Wu Peng
Published: March 2024

Understanding the atomic scale structural dynamics of phase transformations is crucial for developing new materials and tailoring the properties of the materials. However, many materials are obtained as polycrystalline powders with large unit cells and/or complex structures, making it challenging to investigate detailed structural changes using conventional X-ray diffraction techniques. Here, we employ time-resolved 3D electron diffraction (3D ED) to unravel the topotactic reactions and transformations of extra-large pore silicate zeolites ECNU-45 to ECNU-46. Notably, ECNU-45 features 3D interconnecting 24×10×10-ring channels, while ECNU-46 exhibits 1D 24-ring channels connected to 10-ring pockets. ECNU-45 and ECNU-46 are the first reported examples of pure silicate zeolites with pores larger than 22-rings. Our findings showcase detailed changes at six distinct tetrahedral Si sites, involving atom displacement, addition, and removal of framework atoms through bond breakage and formation. This work not only presents the discovery of novel zeolites but also provides unprecedented atomic-level insights into the dynamic processes of topotactic reactions. Our results have significant implications for advancing materials engineering and understanding complex solid-state reactions at an atomic scale.
Psychological Impact of the earthquake 2023 in Turkey
Authors: Kizilhan Jan Ilhan , Neumann Johanna , Aslan Siyabend , Aladag Erdal , Dogan Abdulsamet , Mese Abdullativ , Bekisoglu Ahmet , Wenzel Thomas
Published: March 2024

Background
The Turkish and Syrian earthquake on February 6th 2023 was the deadliest earthquakes in the last decade. It affected approximately 26 million people and left at least 50.000 dead. In this paper, we analyzed the psychological impact and the relationship between mental health factors, earthquake related experiences and stressors and resources related to the earthquake, four months after the event
Methods
We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study, applying a survey to 320 adults (1–93 years old) in Adiyaman, Turkey. PTSD-Symptoms, general psychiatric morbidity, suicidality and drug abuse, as well as post traumatic growth were assessed via the PC-PTSD, GHQ-12 together with questions focusing on the earthquake experience, related stressors and support received.
Results
We found a high prevalence of general mental health symptoms including those of PTSD. Fear of aftershocks and the loss of close family members were found to be risk factors for such symptoms. We didn’t find significant differences in the GHQ or the PTSD symptom scores when considering ethnicity, religion or income.
Conclusions
High levels of psychiatric stress and PTSD symptoms were found four months after the earthquake, as could be expected, and need to be addressed in all groups independent from religious, social or ethnic background. Results indicate a large psychiatric and material burden on the entire sample and indicated some priority needs.
A Revisit on Lead in Decorative and Industrial Paints in Nigeria
Authors: Akindele Ajoke Fehintola Idayat , Osibanjo Oladele
Published: March 2024

No thanks to the injurious levels of lead in paints reported in the past. This study seeks to revisit the concentrations of lead in paints from different sectors, brand and types in the Nigerian markets. The study was investigated to check the marketed paints for improved and healthy formulation. The analysis showed Pb levels (µg/g in dry weight) in the samples across different manufacturers ranged from 2,220 − 91,500 in a cream (water-based) and black (oil-based) coloured decorative paints. The levels of Pb in oil-based paint ranged from 4,490 − 91,500 with mean of 38100 and 2,220 − 91,500 with mean of 21,800 in water-based paints. The Pb level in the paint samples is 50 times the 600 µg/g and 500 fold the 90 µg/g recommended by the US EPA and CPSC for paints. The main Principal Component Analysis accounted for upto 70% indicating that lead compounds, are majorly used as pigment to improve the quality of paints by paint manufacturers. Lead, has continuously been reported for its toxicity and no safe levels for children. This study is so revealing. Therefore, there is a major challenge to abate lead in all paint sectors by the government and this, should be done in good time.
Acceptability and effectiveness of empathy-based provider training and community-level awareness activities on self-injectable contraceptive use in Niger, Lagos, and Oyo States, Nigeria: A mixed methods program evaluation
Authors: Ontiri Susan , Rothschild Claire W. , Tariq Fauzia , Adeleke Oluwaseun , Titus Michael , Raji Mopelola , Njogu Julius , Gibbs Susannah , Swearingen Robin , Edet Fidelis
Published: March 2024

Background: Interventions aimed to increase healthcare provider empathy and capacity to deliver person-centered care have been shown to improve healthcare seeking and outcomes. In the context of self-injectable contraceptive service delivery, empathetic counseling and hands-on coaching are promising approaches for addressing “fear of the needle” among clients interested in using subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone (DMPA-SC). In Nigeria, the Delivering Innovation for Self-Care (DISC) project developed and evaluated an empathy-based in-service training and supportive supervision intervention for public sector family planning providers, which was implemented in conjunction with community-based sensitization.
Methods: The DISC intervention was evaluated using a quasi-experimental mixed methods design. Effectiveness of the intervention on DMPA-SC service delivery, including DMPA-SC self-injection (SI) and provider administration (PA), was assessed using a single-group interrupted time series design that leveraged phased implementation in 36 study facilities. Service delivery data were extracted from the Nigerian Health Information System for the pre-intervention period and using program monitoring tools for the intervention and post-intervention maintenance period. Outcomes were modeled using linear generalized estimating equations. In-depth interviews were conducted with trained providers.
Results: Mean DMPA-SC service provision increased by 28 (95% confidence interval [CI] 18.0-38.3) visits on average per facility in the first month of implementation, relative to a pre-intervention data strengthening phase. The intervention was associated with an increase in mean facility-level DMPA-SC SI service delivery of 25.6 visits (95% CI 15.3-35.4). The intervention was associated with overall increases in FP service delivery. Trained providers reported substantial increases in client demand for DMPA-SC SI, coupled by increased provider feelings of confidence and capacity to counsel and train clients to self-inject. While providers indicated that stockouts of intramuscular DMPA (DMPA-IM) resulted in shifts towards DMPA-SC, we did not observe group-level decreases in DMPA-IM or long-acting reversible contraception provision. Increases in DMPA-SC service provision were sustained in the post-intervention maintenance period.
Discussion: Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness and acceptability of project implementing combined supply-and demand-side interventions aimed at expanding awareness and access to self-injectable contraception in Nigeria. In this context, family planning providers highly valued in-service training and ongoing support that built capacity for empathetic client engagement.
Testing support models for implementing an evidence-based digital intervention for alcohol use disorder: results of a pragmatic hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial
Authors: Quanbeck Andrew , Chih Ming-Yuan , Park Linda , Li Xiang , Xie Qiang , Pulvermacher Alice , Voelker Samantha , Lundwall Rachel , Eby Katherine , Barrett Bruce , Brown Randy
Published: March 2024

This paper reports results of a hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized trial that systematically varied levels of human oversight required to support implementation of a digital medicine intervention for persons with mild to moderate alcohol use disorder (AUD). Participants were randomly assigned to three groups representing possible digital health support models within a health system: self-monitored use (n = 185), peer-supported use (n = 186), or a clinically integrated model (n = 187). Across all three groups, percentage of risky drinking days dropped from 38.4% at baseline (95%CI [35.8%, 41%]) to 22.5% (19.5%, 25.5%) at 12 months. The clinically integrated group showed significant improvements in mental health quality of life compared to the self-monitoring group (p = 0.011). However, higher rates of attrition in the clinically integrated group warrants consideration in interpreting this result. Results suggest that making a self-guided digital intervention available to patients may be a viable option for health systems looking to promote alcohol risk reduction.
A Novel Role for Lupeol in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment via Promoting Autophagy to Suppress Exosome Secretion
Authors: CHEN Kehan , ZHANG Xin , LIU Xiang , GAO Zhan-Wang , ZHAO Yu , LU Shu-Ru , LIAO Dai-yuan , LIU Wen , WANG Jian-Song , WANG Lingli
Published: March 2024

Malignant hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are among the most lethal malignancies globally, posing a significant challenge for treatment due to the scarcity of viable therapeutic interventions. This study aims to explore the potential anti-tumor properties of lupeol, a naturally occurring triterpenoid found in diverse vegetables, fruits, and herbs. Initially, it was discovered that lupeol demonstrates significant in vitro anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic properties. Furthermore, the presence of lupeol resulted in a decrease in exosome levels, while the restoration of exosome levels subsequently led to the resµMption of cell proliferation and migration capabilities. In addition, the investigation of intrinsic mechanisms demonstrated that lupeol may inhibit exosome levels by inducing autophagy, while investigation of intrinsic mechanisms has demonstrated that lupeol may inhibit exosome levels by inducing autophagy. The current investigation elucidated the anti- HCC mechanism of lupeol, thereby proposing its potential as an alternative therapeutic approach or dietary supplement for HCC. Additionally, this study offers novel perspectives on the importance of autophagy and exosome involvement in HCC progression.
Lymphatic Markers in Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma: Implications for Tumor Invasiveness and β-blockers efficacy
Authors: Yu Lu , Wei Li , Qiu Lei , Ma Lin , Li Li
Published: March 2024

Background: Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor that usually expresses lymphatic markers. PROX1 can increase the local invasiveness of KHE in mice.
Objectives: To evaluate whether the expression of lymphatic markers in KHE patients increases their invasiveness and decreases the efficacy of β-blockers (propranolol or atenolol).
Methods: The tumor tissues of 3 patients with KHE were collected for transcriptomics. The clinical data of 15 patients were collected to analyze the correlation between PROX1, invasiveness and β-blockers’ efficacy. Overexpression PROX1 in EOMAs, cell viability assay, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and β-blockers’ efficacy were analyzed in vitro. Tumor invasiveness was analyzed in vivo.
Results: PROX1 might increase local invasiveness of the KHE due to impact cell motility, locomotion, and migration. The nearly complete resolution rate (>75%) of β-blockers (propranolol or atenolol) in the treatment of KHE was 40 %. There was no significant correlation between the positive rate of PROX1 and the efficacy of β-blockers’ treatment.
Limitations: Due to small numbers, the effect of PROX1 on the efficacy of propranolol needs further study.
Conclusion: Our study showed the higher positive rate of PROX1 in the tumor, the more prone the local invasiveness of the KHE patients. There was no significant correlation between the positive rate of PROX1 and the efficacy of 10 patients with β-blockers treatment.
The first in vitro evaluation of acaricide paeonol against human Demodex (Acari: Demodicidae)
Authors: Xu Yueye , Xu jingang , Shuai Yujun , Teng Qiao , Tu Huanxin , Ren Zhili , Chang Qingquan , Guo Junjie , Li Yuanyuan , Zhao Jinhong
Published: March 2024

Background
Human Demodex (classified into Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis) causes multiple skin disorders, including pityriasis folliculorum, folliculitis, rosacea, blepharitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and perioral dermatosis. Paeonol, with prolonged history of use in modern China, exhibits several beneficial effects such as anti-insect, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antitumor, and anti-cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose
To evaluate the in vitro effectiveness of paeonol, the main component isolated from the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa, against human Demodex.
Methods
A paeonol solution was prepared using paraffin oil, and human Demodex mites were obtained using the cellophane tape method. The drug solution was directly used to contact and kill both Demodex species in vitro.
Results
The experiment showed that 40 mg/mL was the minimum effective concentration of paeonol for killing the two mite species; paeonol exhibited more remarkable killing effect on D. brevis than on D. folliculorum.
Conclusions
This result suggests that paeonol has good in vitro acaricidal activity against human Demodex mite. Moreover, it is more effective against D. brevis than against D. folliculorum.
Prevalence and associated risk factors of prostate cancer among a large Chinese population
Authors: Chen Jun , He Liang , Ni Yixiu , Yu Feijun , Zhang Aokang , Wang Xing , Yan Junfeng
Published: March 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most important health problems among elderly in China, with the increasingly serious problem of aging. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in eastern China from 2022 to 2023. Recruitment included a total of 70342 participants aged 60 or older. Socio demographic profiles, examinations were administrated. Age-standardised prevalence rates were calculated by a direct method with a standard population. T test and chi-square test were used to compare the statistical differences. Multivariate regression models were used to identify the risk factors of PCa. Overall, the crude and age-adjusted PCa prevalence is 0.93% and 0.91%, respectively in eastern China. When we adjusted all the co-variables, it showed that elderly, smoking, having a higher BMI, smoking were associated with PCa. Faced with the epidemiological transition, we need innovative strategies to control and prevent PCa. Conducting early screening among male population in community health service centers in eastern of China, especially among population with high associated risk factors, such as elderly, overweight or obese and so on, and conducting community-based intervention programs might be helpful to address this serious problem.
Can be possible to predict motor and technical performance using multidimensional approach among adolescent male basketball players?
Authors: Mikołajec Kazimierz , Arede Jorge , Gryko Karol
Published: March 2024

The aims of the present study were (i) identify and compare the basic anthropometric characteristics, motor performance, game-related skills and functional capacity of under-15 (U-15) and under-16 (U-16) male basketball players, (ii) examine the influence of maturity offset on all performance parameters, (iii) predict test outcome in linear speed, agility, jumping, aerobic endurance and sport-specific skills. Two hundred thirty-four athletes volunteered participated in the study and completed a test battery including morphological variables (body height, body mass, standing reach), fitness (agility, jumping performance, aerobic endurance), technical skills (jump shot, free throws, dribbling) and functional movement screen. The U-16 group outperformed U-15 in terms of body height and mass, but also SVJmax and VJmax. Moreover, when data was adjusted considering chronological age, the group with more advanced maturity offset within U-15 group had achieved greater values in body mass, body height, arm reach and VJmax variable. Data analysis adjusted for age, body height and body mass with the reference to years after PHV showed that PHV2 group among U-15 basketball players had better jumping performance, and 20 m linear speed compared to PHV1 group. Maturity status was a relevant predictor of 20 m linear speed and SVJ tests. Other results indicate that chronical age (20 m speed, VO2max), body height (5, 10, 20 m speed, agility), body mass (agility), functional abilities (20 m speed, SVJ, VJ, VO2max) were significant predictors of physical performance. On the other hand, only body height (free throws) and FMS (jump shot, dribbling) manifested an impact on the level of sport-specific skills. The obtained results indicate that FMS test applied to young basketball players is not only right tool for injury prediction but also its outcome can influence technical performance. Therefore, we can conclude that composite score of < 14 out of 20 may result in low level of sport-specific capacity. It is significant evidence of practical application of FMS tests.
WITHDRAWN: The Tectonic Inversion Prediction in Fold-and-thrust Belts by Using Numerical Modeling
Authors: Zaidi Syeda Fakiha Ali , Ahsan Naveed
Published: March 2024

This research investigates to tectonic inversion in rifted continental margins, specifically focusing on the interaction between foreland sediment deposits and fold-and-thrust belts during orogeny. Using numerical modeling with ANSYS software and a Maxwell-type viscoelastic rheology, the study explores positive inversion in petroleum basins, revealing insights into the evolution of inverted basins. The research emphasizes the role of pre-existing extensional fault systems in controlling thrust faults, delving into the reactivation of faults and uplift of the hanging wall during tectonic compression. The study highlights diverse structural patterns associated with tectonic inversion in sub-thrust regions of fold-and-thrust belts, including anticlines, back-thrusts, fault propagation folds, pop-ups, and an inversion-related fracture pattern. Results demonstrate the critical influence of rheological properties in fault reactivation and deformational styles during tectonic inversion. Comparisons with natural case studies, like the Helvetic nappes in Switzerland, validate the predictive capability of numerical models for tectonic inversion structures in different geological settings, including the Kohat-Potwar Fold and Thrust Belt in Pakistan. The importance of understanding the interplay between geological structures and rheological properties for accurately predicting the evolution of inverted basins. The deeply study of tectonic inversion are extending to optimizing exploration efforts and interpreting structural complexities in petroleum exploration, providing valuable insights for reservoir prediction and fold-and-thrust belt structural evolution.
Diagnostic Efficacy of [ 99m Tc]Tc-PSMA SPECT/CT for Prostate Cancer: a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Qi , Ketteler Svea , Bagheri Shamim , Ebrahimifard Ali , Luster Markus , Librizzi Damiano , Yousefi Behrooz Hooshyar
Published: March 2024

Background
Prompt and accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is of paramount importance for effective treatment planning. While Gallium-68 labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has proven efficacy in detecting PCa, limited availability poses challenges. As a potential alternative, [99mTc]Tc-PSMA single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) holds promise. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of [99mTc]Tc-PSMA SPECT/CT for prostate cancer.
Methods
A comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases was conducted until November 2023. Sensitivity and specificity data were extracted to assess the diagnostic accuracy of [99mTc]Tc-PSMA SPECT/CT, while the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool was used to evaluate study quality. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 18, with MetaDisc 1.4 employed to detect threshold effects. Diagnostic accuracy indicators, including sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), negative likelihood ratio (LR-), and positive likelihood ratio (LR+), were pooled. The area under the curve (AUC) of the combined model was calculated using summary receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curves.
Results
Six studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified from an initial pool of 313 articles, with no publication bias observed. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of [99mTc]Tc-PSMA SPECT/CT were found to be 0.90 (95% CI, 0.84–0.94), 0.83 (95% CI, 0.57–0.95), and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.91–0.95), respectively. Additionally, the comprehensive diagnostic odds ratio, diagnostic score, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were calculated as 42.42 (95% CI, 11.21-160.58), 3.75 (95% CI, 2.42–5.08), 5.27 (95% CI, 1.80-15.41), and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.08–0.20), respectively.
Conclusions
In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that [99mTc]Tc-PSMA SPECT/CT exhibits favorable diagnostic performance for prostate cancer and can provide valuable supplementary information, particularly in regions and settings where [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT availability is limited, such as remote areas. These results highlight the potential of [99mTc]Tc-PSMA SPECT/CT as a valuable tool in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer, warranting further investigation and validation in larger patient cohorts.
Effects of Non-Albuminuric Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Renal Outcomes: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Choi Dughyun , Park Samel , Kim Dong-Sub , Lee Dong-Jin , Cho Nam-Jun , Cho Yoon Young , Gil Hyo-Wook , Lee Eun Young
Published: March 2024

The specific impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) on renal outcomes, independent of albuminuria, is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the renal outcomes in non-albuminuric T2D subjects compared to non-albuminuric non-T2D subjects. Data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort of Korea from 2009 to 2015 were analyzed. The non-albuminuric T2D group was compared with the non-albuminuric non-T2D group. The primary outcome was a composite renal outcome consisting of the initiation of renal replacement therapy and a decline of ≥ 40% in eGFR from baseline. Of 587,339 subjects, 77,267 were analyzed: 11,957 in the T2D group and 65,310 in the non-T2D group. The T2D group demonstrated a greater annual decline in eGFR of -0.113 ml/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI: -0.222 – -0.003, p = 0.044). The adjusted hazard ratio for the primary outcome was 1.57 (95% CI: 1.28¬–1.92, p < 0.001). The steeper decline in eGFR was particularly evident in patients with glomerular hyperfiltration (eGFR ≥ 120 ml/min/1.73 m2) and a duration of T2D exceeding 6 years. Non-albuminuric T2D was associated with a greater annual decline in renal function and had a 1.5-fold increased risk of adverse renal outcomes compared to non-albuminuric non-T2D.