bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fish learn collectively, but groups with differing personalities are slower to decide and more likely to split
Authors: Kareklas Kyriacos , Elwood Robert W. , Holland Richard A.
Published: May 2018

We tested zebrafish shoals to examine whether groups exhibit collective spatial learning and whether this relates to the personality of group members. To do this we trained shoals to associate a collective spatial decision to a reward and tested whether shoals could reorient to the learned location from a new starting point. There were strong indications of collective learning and collective reorienting, most likely by memorising distal cues, but these processes were unrelated to personality differences within shoals. However, there was evidence that group decisions require agreement between differing personalities. Notably, shoals with more boldness variation were more likely to split during training trials and took longer to reach a collective decision. Thus cognitive tasks, such as learning and cue memorisation, may be exhibited collectively, but the ability to reach collective decisions is affected by the personality composition of the group. A likely outcome of the splitting of groups with very disparate personalities is the formation of groups with members more similar in their personality.
Approximating the Cost-of-Living Index for a Storable Good
Authors: Osborne Matthew
Published: May 2018

This paper estimates a cost-of-living index using a dynamic structural model for two storable product categories. In each category, regime shifts to higher or lower retail prices are observed. Fixed-base indexes do a poor job of capturing changes in welfare after a regime shift, and deviate from the dynamic index by as much as 300 percent. I evaluate the extent to which two recently proposed indexes can approximate the model-derived index. These indexes improve welfare measurement and are straightforward to compute. The category’s competitive structure and features of the regime shift determine which of the two provides a better approximation. (JEL C43, C51, E31, L11)
Revealed Preferences for Diamond Goods
Authors: Cosaert Sam
Published: May 2018

When consumers care not only for the quantity but also the value of a product, it could be rational to purchase products as they become more expensive. This study provides nonparametric—revealed preference—conditions to measure consumers' marginal willingness to pay for value (i.e., diamondness) associated with particular goods. This is the first nonparametric test of price-dependent preferences. The proposed diamondness measure is applied to observational data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. The results show that this diamondness measure is related to a product's visibility to society, which indicates a certain degree of conspicuous consumption. (JEL D12, P36)
Career Concerns and the Nature of Skills
Authors: Cisternas Gonzalo
Published: May 2018

I examine how career concerns are shaped by the nature of productive actions taken by workers. A worker’s skills follow a Gaussian process with an endogenous component reflecting human-capital accumulation. Effort and skills are substitutes both in the output process (as in Holmström 1999) and in the skills technology. The focus is on deterministic equilibria by virtue of Gaussian learning. When effort and skills are direct inputs to production and skills are exogenous, effort can be inefficiently high in the beginning of a career. In contrast, when skills are the only input to production but accumulate through past effort choices, the worker always underinvests in skill acquisition. At the center of the discrepancy are two types of ex post errors that arise at interpreting output due to an identification problem faced by the market. Finally, the robustness of the underinvestment result is explored via variations in the skill-accumulation technology and in the information structure, and policy implications are discussed. (JEL D83, I26, J24, J31)
A Theory of Indicative Bidding
Authors: Quint Daniel , Hendricks Kenneth
Published: May 2018

When selling a business by auction, sellers typically use indicative bids—nonbinding preliminary bids—to select a small number of bidders to conduct due diligence and submit binding offers. We show that if entry into the auction is costly, indicative bids can be informative: symmetric equilibrium exists in weakly increasing strategies, with bidders “pooling” over a finite number of bids. The equilibrium helps the seller select high value bidders with higher likelihood, although the highest value bidders are not always selected. When the number of potential bidders is large, revenue and total surplus are both higher than when entry is unrestricted. (JEL D44, D83)
Inserção profissional: dilemas do estágio
Authors: Ferreira Renato Guimarães
Published: May 2018

O estágio tem sido oferecido pelas empresas e interpretado pelos alunos como uma forma de antecipar a entrada no mercado de trabalho. A atividade consome tempo e energia dos alunos, e muitas vezes compete com o próprio curso. O que deveria ser um instigante complemento à formação se torna um fardo
Da lousa ao iPad: adaptando o ensino da administração às novas gerações
Authors: Bertero Carlos Osmar
Published: May 2018

Com o passar do tempo, os cursos de Administração em todo o mundo tiveram que rever suas práticas de ensino e moldá-las às necessidades do mercado e das novas gerações. Atualmente, nota-se que a realidade nas salas de aula e na vida profissional do administrador é muito diferente do que há alguns anos.
A qualquer hora, em qualquer lugar?
Authors: Santos Heloisa Mônaco dos
Published: May 2018

A evolução tecnológica facilitou a comunicação e a interação entre as pessoas a partir dos meios digitais, tornando-as mais conectadas e acessíveis, onde quer que estejam. Mas será que isso é totalmente positivo quando o assunto é trabalho?
Marketing digital: como influenciar o consumidor no meio virtual
Authors: Torres Cláudio
Published: May 2018

Hoje em dia, o marketing online é uma ferramenta indispensável para promover as marcas na internet. Planejar e investir com conhecimento nesta plataforma pode alavancar o negócio e transformá-lo em uma fonte de oportunidades e lucro.
Mais computadores entre os brasileiros
Authors: Diniz Eduardo Henrique
Published: May 2018

A expansão do uso de diferentes tecnologias não é exatamente uma novidade. Empresas brasileiras estão investindo cada vez mais em Tecnologia da Informação e a tendência é de que, nos próximos cinco anos, o número de computadores e dispositivos no País supere a quantidade de habitantes. A evolução é incontestável, mas será que as pessoas têm noção real da velocidade com que isso ocorre?
O duplo foco da gestão de marcas nas redes sociais
Authors: Zambaldi Felipe , Mascarenhas André Ofenhejm , Natrielli Fábio Martins
Published: May 2018

Saber administrar as marcas nas mídias sociais aparece como potencial ferramenta para aproximar as organizações de seus consumidores e colaboradores. No entanto, é necessário ir além das definições tecnológicas e pensar estrategicamente.
Mulheres empreendedoras
Authors: Tonelli Maria José , Andreassi Tales
Published: May 2018

Além de promover a inclusão de muitas profissionais no mercado, o empreendedorismo feminino incentiva o desenvolvimento de comunidades mais prósperas.
Introduction of a New Variable Asa Universal Technique of the Solution of Rational Equations Above the Second Degree
Authors: Ульянова И. , Ulyanova I.
Published: May 2018

The article reveals the role of equations at the basic and profi le levels of teaching students mathematics at school. Various ways of solving rational equations of the third and fourth degree, based on the technique of the introduction of a new variable, are demonstrated. This technique is universal in mathematics. It fi nds its application both in algebra, in the solution of inequalities, in equations and their systems, and in geometry, where the additionally constructed geometric fi gure — a segment, an angle, a circle, a triangle — appears as a new variable. The methods of solving rational equations, shown by the author in this article, will be especially useful and interesting for students of profi le classes, as well as for applicants and students of higher educational institutions and mathematics teachers.
Schizophrenia as a disorder of embodied self
Authors: Szczotka Joanna , Majchrowicz Bartosz
Published: May 2018

Teorie schizofrenii wskazują na różnorodne mechanizmy odpowiedzialne za rozwój tego zaburzenia, jednak pełne ujęcie wyjaśniające etiologię i obraz kliniczny schizofrenii wciąż nie zostało wypracowane. Współcześnie dąży się do identyfikacji podstawowych, korowych czynników chorobowych prowadzących do wytworzenia całego spektrum objawów. Dane eksperymentalne oraz raporty pacjentów wskazują, że takim czynnikiem może być doświadczenie „ja”, zaburzone na podstawowym, przedrefleksyjnym poziomie, które następnie prowadzić może do wielu wyższorzędowych symptomów. W niniejszym artykule dokonujemy przeglądu i analizy tych danych, jak również najbardziej wpływowych w kognitywistyce koncepcji, które określają specyficzne mechanizmy wpływające na obraz kliniczny schizofrenii oraz przyczyniają się do zaburzenia w ucieleśnionym doświadczeniu „ja”. Są to ujęcia kładące nacisk na różne, lecz komplementarne aspekty doświadczenia, takie jak schemat i obraz ciała, poczucie cielesnej własności i sprawstwa, czy hiperrefleksyjność i umniejszone samoprzywiązanie. Przedstawiona zostaje również teoria kodowania predykcyjnego, która odwołując się do zaburzenia w procesie predykcji neuronalnej, uzupełnia wcześniejsze koncepcje i spaja różnorodne funkcje poznawcze za pomocą wspólnego mechanizmu predykcyjnego. Choć znaczeniowo szerokie, „ja” okazuje się być kategorią o dużej wartości eksplanacyjnej, ujmującą we wspólnej ramie wiele symptomów obserwowanych w schizofrenii – tych występujących zarówno na niskich, neuronalnych poziomach przetwarzania informacji, jak i na poziomie fenomenologii subiektywnego doświadczenia. Takie ujęcie jawi się jako wartościowe zarówno dla celów teoretyczno-badawczych, jak i praktycznych.
Hospitalizations due to alcohol intoxication among children and adolescents – data from one clinical hospital in Poland
Authors: Kamińska Halla , Gawlik Aneta , Gawlik Tomasz , Małecka-Tendera Ewa
Published: May 2018

Cel pracy

Celem pracy było określenie częstości hospitalizacji z powodu zatruć alkoholem etylowym
w Oddziale Pediatrii oraz próba identyfikacji czynników mających wpływ na ich występowanie w populacji dzieci i młodzieży.

Metoda

Analizie poddano dokumentację medyczną 227 pacjentów hospitalizowanych z powodu zatruć etanolem. Sto osiem (48%) pacjentów stanowiły dziewczęta, 119 (52%) chłopcy. Średni wiek badanych wynosił 14,9 lat ±2,1 SD. Przeanalizowano dane dotyczące samych pacjentów, ich rodzin oraz okoliczności zdarzenia.

Wyniki

Zatrucia etanolem stanowiły 2,8% ogółu hospitalizacji, a liczba hospitalizacji w latach 2000-2011 miała tendencję wzrostową, z wahaniami w poszczególnych latach. Dominującymi napojami alkoholowymi były alkohole wysokoprocentowe. Ponad 10% pacjentów wymagało krótkotrwałej hospitalizacji w warunkach Oddziału Anestezjologii i Intensywnej Terapii.

U 13% u dzieci stwierdzano dodatkowe zatrucie lekami lub narkotykami, a u 10% zatruciu towarzyszył uraz kończyn lub głowy. U 25% dziewcząt odnotowano ryzykowne zachowania seksualne. Większość dzieci pochodziła z rodzin pełnych z wykształceniem podstawowym, a w ponad 20% z nich obecny był alkoholizm. W rodzinach niepełnych, częściej nieobecnym rodzicem był ojciec, a brak stałego źródła dochodu częściej dotyczył matek.

Wnioski

Nie istnieją jednolite standardy wielospecjalistycznej opieki medycznej nad dziećmi zatrutymi etanolem. Wskazana jest identyfikacja dzieci spożywających alkohol przez Lekarzy Podstawowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Lekarzy Pediatrów, Pedagogów i Psychologów, a także zapewnienie długofalowej i kompleksowej opieki nad nieletnimi, których hospitalizowano
z powodu zatrucia etanolem.
The difficulties of secondary prophylaxis of cervical cancer in women suffering from paranoid schizophrenia – a case study
Authors: Tylec Aneta , Dubas-Ślemp Halina , Wójcicka Anna , Drop Bartłomiej , Kucharska Katarzyna
Published: May 2018

Cervical cancer constitutes 5.32% of all malignant neoplasm cases, it is the sixth most common condition of the cancer type and it is an important problem because of its medical, epidemiological and social implications. The aim of primary prophylaxis is to reduce the number of new cases, while secondary prophylaxis is to provide early diagnoses and treatment of cancer cases. The aim of this work is to present the case of 55-year-old woman treated with chronic paranoid schizophrenia whose gynecologist refused to collect biological material for cytological evaluation. The patient was diagnosed with carcinoma planoepitheliale (G2), then treated surgically and qualified for adjuvant-radiological treatment. Despite the good mental state and a psychiatrists’ statement (treating the patient for many years) of the absence of contraindications for hospitalization, a gynecologist-oncologist refused to admit the patient to the ward in fear of a threat to other patients and decided on outpatient palliative treatment of the patient. Finally, radiologist-oncologist performed the complete cycle of irradiation in order to cure the patient. While looking for possible reasons of cervical cancer development in individuals with psychotic disorders, all the possible carcinogenic factors have to be taken into account. Nulliparous women and virgins treated for mental illness must not be denied screening examinations related to cervical cancer. Despite the changes, also related to the implementation of the mental health program, people with mental disorders with underlying physical illness are still stigmatized, even by a higher medical personnel. Moreover, mentally ill patients are denied proper treatment in accordance with the current state of medical knowledge.
The prevalence of mental disorders among children and youth staying in residential institutions, children’s homes – a review of epidemiological studies
Authors: Pawliczuk Witold , Kaźmierczak-Mytkowska Anna , Srebnicki Tomasz , Wolańczyk Tomasz
Published: May 2018

Pojawienie się problemów psychicznych w wieku rozwojowym może poważnie wpłynąć na dalszy rozwój człowieka, a tym samym utrudniać w przyszłości możliwość adaptacji do dorosłego życia. Na ryzyko nieprawidłowego rozwoju psychicznego szczególnie narażone mogą być dzieci z placówek opiekuńczo-wychowawczych, w tym placówek socjalizacyjnych zwanych też „domami dziecka”. W artykule tym przedstawiono przegląd nielicznych, jak dotąd badań zrealizowanych w europejskich placówkach opiekuńczo-wychowawczych, w tym domach dziecka na przestrzeni lat 1940-2011. Na wstępie krótko opisano klasyczne już badania zrealizowane na świecie w latach 40-stych wśród wychowanków domów dziecka. Następnie omówiono badania przeprowadzone w Wielkiej Brytanii wśród dzieci i młodzieży przebywającej w placówkach opiekuńczo-wychowawczych, w tym w domach dziecka, gdzie badani byli w różnych grupach wiekowych. Potem skoncentrowano się na badaniach zrealizowanych wśród dzieci i młodzieży z placówek niemieckich oraz grupie dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym z rumuńskich domów dziecka. Na koniec artykułu opisano pierwsze badanie epidemiologiczne zrealizowane w Polsce w populacji dzieci i młodzieży przebywającej w warszawskich domach dziecka. Przegląd badań wskazuje, że dzieci z placówek opiekuńczo-wychowawczych są populacją, w której odsetek osób, u których można postawić diagnozę psychiatryczną jest wysoki. Wychowankowie placówek często mogą potrzebować specjalistycznej opieki psychiatrycznej, psychologicznej i psychoterapeutycznej.
The controversy around the diagnosis of selective mutism – a critical analysis of three cases in the light of modern research and diagnostic criteria
Authors: Holka-Pokorska Justyna , Piróg-Balcerzak Agnieszka , Jarema Marek
Published: May 2018

The position of selective mutism disorder – SM – has been modified in the last edition of the classification of mental disorders DSM-5. It was removed from “Disorders of childhood and adolescence” and placed in “Anxiety disorders”. This caused two important changes in the interpretation of the symptoms of selective mutism. It highlighted anxious etiology of the disorder and also open the possibility to diagnose selective mutism in adults as a special category of anxiety disorders. The aim of this study was to present three different cases concerning the diagnostic difficulties of selective mutism (the child, the teenager and the persons who became adult during our observation) regarding current views on SM. In this study we presented the current view on the etiology, course and available therapies for selective mutism. Owing to updating the clinical knowledge about SM and describing three cases, we highlighted the controversies around the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. Selective mutism might be a preliminary diagnosis, often leading to the diagnosis of other disorders of diverse etiology and course. Among the psychiatric aspects of the disorder, the ‘anxiety component’ of SM is crucial. In individuals with selective mutism, developmental disorders, social cognition and neurocognition deficits or dysfunctions of auditory processing often coexist. The severity and the type of comorbidities may determine the future course of the illness and the final effects of the therapy.
The effects of psychological help on assertive behaviors in family members of schizophrenia patients
Authors: Skotnik Aleksandra , Samochowiec Agnieszka
Published: May 2018

Cel pracy

Celem pracy było określenie związku pomiędzy korzystaniem (lub nie) z pomocy psychologicznej, przez członków rodziny osób chorych na schizofrenię, a przejawianymi przez nich zachowaniami asertywnymi w stosunku do bliskich chorych.

Metoda

Do grupy badanej zakwalifikowano 34 osoby, które prowadziły gospodarstwo domowe ze swoimi bliskimi, chorymi na schizofrenię. W badaniu wykorzystano Kwestionariusz Kompetencji Społecznych (KKS) autorstwa Matczak oraz Kwestionariusz Radzenia Sobie w Sytuacjach Stresowych (CISS) w polskiej adaptacji Wrześniewskiego i wsp. Dane socjodemograficzne zebrano przy pomocy ankiety własnego autorstwa.

Wyniki

Wystąpił związek pomiędzy ogólną tendencją do unikania działania w sytuacji problemowej a skłonnością do poszukiwania kontaktów społecznych w celu poradzenia sobie ze stresem. Jak również zachowania asertywne korelują z tendencją do angażowania się w czynności zastępcze w sytuacji problemowej. Większa gotowość do asertywnego zachowania cechuje osoby, które w sytuacji stresowej ujawniały skłonność do unikania myślenia o problemie i działania na rzecz jego aktywnego rozwiązania. Analizy pokazały również, iż częściej zachowania asertywne przejawiały osoby młodsze, które też radziły sobie ze stresem ujawniając styl unikowy.

Wnioski

Nie potwierdził się związek pomiędzy korzystaniem przez bliskich osób chorych na schizofrenię z pomocy psychologicznej a ujawnianiem zachowań asertywnych w stosunku do chorego. Istotnym natomiast był wniosek, iż większą skłonnością do zachowań asertywnych wykazywały się osoby młodsze, które radziły sobie ze stresem w sposób unikowy.
The Jagiellonian Idea as Expression of the Political Culture
Authors: Banaś Monika
Published: May 2018

The Jagiellonian Idea as Expression of the Political Culture: Core Constitutive Values and Their Possible Contemporary Implementations 

The article aims to discuss the concept of political culture as a powerful tool for shaping thoughts and actions of individuals and communities (societies). By elaborating on the Jagiellonian Idea (JI) – its specific features and implementation, the author seeks to provide answers to several questions including: what made the JI a vibrant political and social concept being undertaken over centuries by some politicians, social leaders, researchers and scholars – is it just an attractive narrative which recalls times when Poland was a powerful state or is it a realistic program still applicable to contemporary societies? What kind of features of the JI concept may be selected, adjusted and developed today in the international and intercivizational dimensions? If at all possible, thus by what kind of means and under what conditions? These and other aspects of the JI as a specific expression of political culture are the core of the article.
Cross-Cultural Representations of Tyranny as Depicted in Jesuit School Plays Performed in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Authors: Calma Clarinda
Published: May 2018

Cross-Cultural Representations of Tyranny as Depicted in Jesuit School Plays Performed in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Deeply influenced by Ciceronian and Aristotelian political doctrines on the ‘republic’, political thinkers in the decades of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth addressed the issues of the ‘nature or health of the commonwealth, the nature of mixed government, the notion of just war, the limits of monarchy i.e. the despot versus tyrant’. These debates were immortalized in an abundance of political writings on the limits and power, the nature of good government and the importance of civic virtue and civic liberties, which sought to approach these issues in practical terms with respect to the republic or commonwealth as one ‘political community’. It is in this backdrop of rich political debate on the nature of the Commonwealth, that the Jesuits who first came to Poland in 1565, introduced a schooling system based in Christian humanism and which educated in civic virtues. Jesuit theatre played a crucial role in the education of young men, many of whom would later become distinguished statesmen and churchmen in the country. This paper will provide an analysis of chosen Jesuit school playbills that exploit the motif of the monarch-tyrant as represented in Jesuit plays that of Chinese or Japanese motifs. The assumption is that the very choice and rendition of topic provides and reveals the early modern Poland-Lithuania sentiments and reflections on the limits of power and right to individual freedoms. By doing so, this paper hopes also to elucidate why this topic so appealed to the minds and audiences of Early Modern Jesuit School and explain the significance of the chosen playbills school theatre understood within its culture-specific historical context.
The Republic of Poland at the Crossroads of Two Cultures
Authors: Kowalska-Stus Hanna
Published: May 2018

The Republic of Poland at the Crossroads of Two Cultures

The boundary of the Latin and Orthodox Church in the Piast times was a political border. These two boundaries fostered intensification of cultural differences. Christianity shaped the image of man, state, history, esthetic views as well as religious, social and political customs within two distinct cultures: Latin and Hellenic. On the Orthodox side, the patronage of faith in these areas was more unequivocal. In the times of the First Polish Republic both cultures met in one state. The political factor dominated in Latin American countries. It dictated the methods of action also to the Church. The conflict that was begun by the reign of Władysław Jagiełło and deepened by Sigismund III. Due to the Union of Brest, it triggered the conflict between Poland, Polish and Lithuanian Ruthenia and as a consequence – Moscow. The adaptation that Ruthenia had undergone in the Republic of Poland had far-reaching political, social, economic and cultural consequences. As a result of Moscow’s subsequent consolidation of Ruthenian lands, these processes affected all of these areas in the Moscow State. The conversion that occurred in the Republic of Poland on Ruthenian lands created a foundation for forming Ukrainian identity created by Austria. This fact is perceived in Russia as separatism used in geopolitical interests of many countries, including Poland, against Russia. Jagiellonian Poland that came to existence in the period of confessional tensions in Europe was subjected to internal contradictory cultural trends and political conflicts in the region, whereas Rome made efforts to control Christianity. These circumstances did not create prospects for development of the Republic of Poland.
The Federal Idea in Poland in the Interwar Period: Idealism or Pragmatism?
Authors: Łysek Wojciech
Published: May 2018

The Federal Idea in Poland in the Interwar Period: Idealism or Pragmatism?

The final months of World War I were marked by the concept of national self-determination. At that time Józef Piłsudski and his followers were putting into practice the so-called federal idea, which aimed at the maintaining of Polish influence in the territories of the pre-partition Poland. However, attempts to put this concept into practice faced national aspirations of Lithuanians and Ukrainians. These two nations intended to build their own states. Despite spectacular victory of the Polish army over the Red Army at Warsaw, the federal idea failed. The final end to the project came in 1921. The article presents a wider historical and political context for the foreign policy visions of Piłsudski and his aspiration to create a federal structure within the Polish borders.
The Last Jagiellonian: John Paul II and the Jagiellonian Idea
Authors: Kowal Paweł
Published: May 2018

The Last Jagiellonian: John Paul II and the Jagiellonian Idea

The Jagiellonian idea was a constant inspiration in the political and social action of John Paul II in relation to Poland and Central Europe throughout the entire period of his pontificate. It is difficult to find another political idea – apart from his consistently anti-totalitarian and anti-communist stance – which would determine his teaching to a greater extent. The purpose of this article is to present the author’s interpretation as to which experiences and ideas shaped this approach of the Polish pope. Reference will be made to the pope’s statements, his political thought and practical actions as the head of the Holy See.
Europeanization of the Cemeteries of World War I in West Galicia
Authors: Kowalski Krzysztof
Published: May 2018

Focusing primarily on the Łużna-Pustki military cemetery constructed by the Austro-Hungarian army on the Eastern Front after the Battle of Gorlice, also known as the ‘Little Verdun’ (2-5 May 1915), the article deals with the memory of World War I and its use in local, national (Polish) and European contexts. The text shows the history of this lieu de mémoire: its creation, cultural and artistic contexts, and ultimate slide into oblivion during the interwar period and after World War II, before a resurrection in interest in Poland at the turn of the 21st century. Taking into consideration Europeanization processes, the author shows how tangible remnants of World War I are brought into the limelight within European frames of reference and discusses the consequences of this discursive reinterpretation of the Łużna-Pustki military cemetery, awarded a European Heritage Label in 2016.
Polish Discourse about the Righteous among the Nations
Authors: Wassermann Elisabeth
Published: May 2018

In recent years, the Righteous Among the Nations have become a particular topic of interest for the official politics of memory, historians, NGO activists and the public sphere in Poland. Against the background of an on-going debate on Polish-Jewish relations during the Holocaust, the attitude of Polish society during the war and the commemoration of Holocaust sites in the country, the Righteous Among the Nations are presented as a positive aspect of this history of which many Poles are still proud. Thus, the topic has been frequently addressed by different actors and in different commemoration projects in recent years. This article aims to determine the various ways of how and with what aims the story of the Righteous has been used and defines three main directions: commemoration, education and justification (the latter in the sense of an attempt to cover up upcoming accusations of participation of Poles in the Holocaust). Another aspect covered will be the political use of the narrative of the Righteous in recent years, which will be shown on the basis of selected case studies. Based on the findings, the article investigates if and how the heritage of the Righteous is restricted to a national, patriotic context or goes further and comprises elements of what can be called a European set of values and contexts.
IJAHP is Ten Years Old
Authors: Mu Enrique
Published: May 2018

This issue marks the start of our tenth year in production. Our IJAHP team is proud to reach this important milestone, and we can assure you this year will bring important improvements for our publication.
QUALIDADE DO PROCESSO DE SEMEADURA DA CULTURA DO MILHO DE SEGUNDA SAFRA
Authors: Arcoverde Sálvio Napoleão Soares , De Souza Cristiano Márcio Alves , Cortez Jorge Wilson , Guazina Renato Anastácio , Maciak Paulo Alexandre Graciano
Published: May 2018

A semeadura do milho está sujeita a fatores que podem interferir na qualidade da operação. O uso de métodos estatísticos de controle de qualidade em processos agrícolas tem-se mostrado eficiente para detecção de variabilidade no decorrer da operação. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade e capabilidade da semeadura do milho de segunda safra por semeadora-adubadora pneumática. A coleta de dados ocorreu no município de Dourados (MS) em área de aproximadamente 30 ha, utilizando-se malha amostral composta de 60 pontos distribuídos na área com uma amostra a cada 0,5 ha. Determinaram-se a quantidade de plântulas emergidas e a distância entre plantas em dois metros consecutivos, a fm de calcular o estande de plantas por metro e a porcentagem de espaçamentos normais, falhos e duplos. Realizou-se, inicialmente, análise descritiva e controle estatístico do processo (CEP) para caracterizar os dados e averiguar a estabilidade da semeadura do milho, que serviram como pressupostos para realizar análise de capabilidade do processo. O estande e a distribuição longitudinal de plantas em espaçamentos normais foram satisfatórios, embora abaixo da capacidade da semeadora-adubadora pneumática. O CEP permitiu avaliar a qualidade das variáveis durante o processo de semeadura, demostrando instabilidade para porcentagem de espaçamentos normais e controle dos demais indicadores de qualidade de semeadura. A análise de capabilidade indicou que a semeadora pneumática não atingiu as metas estabelecidas para estande de plantas (5 plantas m-1) e espaçamentos falhos e duplos (10%), sugerindo necessidade de monitoramento da operação.
NOTA TÉCNICA: ZONAS DE MANEJO NOS NÍVEIS DE FÓSFORO E POTÁSSIO NO SOLO E A PRODUTIVIDADE DE ARROZ IRRIGADO
Authors: Leite Cláudio Wrege , Luz Carlos Alberto Silveira da , Luz Maria Laura Gomes Silva da , Gadotti Gizele Ingrid , Navroski Renan
Published: May 2018

O fósforo participa de processos vitais nas plantas, como a fotossíntese, a respiração, o armazenamento e transferência de energia, a divisão celular e o crescimento das células. O potássio atua na ativação de algumas enzimas e desempenha um papel importante no equilíbrio de água nas plantas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo correlacionar os níveis de fósforo e potássio com a produtividade em arroz irrigado, bem como avaliar a viabilidade do uso de agricultura de precisão em área de arroz irrigado. O trabalho foi conduzido durante três safras em sucessão de culturas: arroz, soja, arroz, no município de Santa Vitória do Palmar/RS. Utilizou-se uma área de 22,18 ha, dividida em 15 parcelas, as quais foram georreferenciadas no ponto central. Foi coletada uma amostra de solo em cada parcela, composta por 9 subamostras, que foram encaminhadas para análises químicas. Foram gerados mapas de rendimento e de fertilidade através dos dados das análises de solo e produtividade e criadas zonas de manejo com adubação diferenciada para corrigir e uniformizar os teores de fósforo e de potássio. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que: a agricultura de precisão proporcionou aumento de fertilidade do solo através do uso de zonas de manejo; o emprego de zonas de manejo diminuiu a variabilidade nos teores de fósforo e de potássio nas parcelas do quarteirão estudado; não houve correlação entre os níveis de fósforo e potássio no rendimento da cultura de arroz irrigado.
EFEITO DA DISPOSIÇÃO DE EFLUENTES DA BOVINOCULTURA NO SOLO E NA BIOMASSA VEGETAL
Authors: Teixeira Francisco Osvaldo Prado , Botelho Soraya Alvarenga , Melo Lucas Amaral de , Fia Ronaldo , Teixeira Gabriel Arcocha Prado
Published: May 2018

Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar as características do percolado em diferentes profundidades do solo proveniente da aplicação de água residuária da bovinocultura (ARB) e avaliar o crescimento da pastagem de Brachiaria por meio da análise da massa de vegetal da forragem. Os valores de pH do percolado variaram de 5,2 a 7,0, sem apresentar tendência de aumento ou diminuição em função da profundidade. O resultado da demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) apresentou o menor valor (120 mg L-1), enquanto as concentrações, nos demais pontos, variaram entre 150 e 240 mg L-1 de DQO. Os valores da massa seca total (MST) da forragem variaram ao longo do tempo de monitoramento e da distância do terraço de lançamento da ARB. A parcela testemunha apresentou valor médio de MST de (133,1 g), e a parcela quatro, valor médio de (753,29 g), fato que evidenciou aumento significativo na produção de MST da pastagem. Houve melhora na fertilidade do solo com elevação do pH e de P, K, S, Ca, Mg, MO, V e CTC. O sistema de infiltração - percolação mostrou-se promissor como alternativa à disposição de ARB no solo e aumento da MST em pastagem cultivada com Brachiaria.
PERDA DE CARGA NO ESCOAMENTO FORÇADO DE ÁGUA E DE VINHAÇA EM TUBULAÇÃO DE POLIETILENO
Authors: Justi André Luiz , Zocoler João Luis , Saizaki Paula Mayumi
Published: May 2018

O estudo da perda de carga em tubulações representa item de fundamental importância no dimensionamento de sistema de transporte de fluidos, em especial sistemas de bombeamento. No Brasil a aplicação de vinhaça em canaviais contempla tanto a fertilização da cultura como uma alternativa legal ao destino desse resíduo da produção de etanol e é frequente sua aplicação utilizando dutos e aspersores de grande porte. Como tubos de polietileno nem sempre possuem formato perfeitamente cilíndrico, objetivou-se com este trabalho comparar a perda de carga da água e da vinhaça utilizando como parâmetro o raio hidráulico aplicado na Equação de Darcy-Weisbach. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Ensaio de Equipamentos para Irrigação do Departamento de Engenharia Rural pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômica de Botucatu – SP. Foram testados, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 3 x 4, dois líquidos (água e vinhaça), duas condições (com e sem uso do raio hidráulico), três diâmetros de tubos de polietileno (1, ¾ e ½ polegadas) e quatro vazões (0,352, 0,225, 0,125 e 0,050 L s-1), utilizando quatro repetições. Foi observada ainda a perda de carga utilizando um manômetro diferencial de mercúrio. Nos ensaios realizados foram encontradas diferenças significativas em todas as fontes de variação, confirmando a tendência da perda de carga aumentar com a redução do diâmetro do tubo e com o aumento da vazão. Em relação aos líquidos, a vinhaça apresentou maior perda de carga que a água (18,4%) e o uso do raio hidráulico não apresentou grandes diferenças em relação ao uso do diâmetro interno do tubo.
NOTA TÉCNICA: MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA DA CONTRAÇÃO VOLUMÉTRICA DE GRÃOS DE SOJA DURANTE O PROCESSO DE SECAGEM
Authors: Botelho Fernando Mendes , Hauth Michele Rosemari , Hoscher Renata Henrique , Botelho Sílvia De Carvalho Campos
Published: May 2018

A determinação e a quantificação do índice de contração volumétrica podem contribuir para a otimização do processo de secagem, visto que este índice permite predizer o volume ocupado pela massa de grãos. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar a contração volumétrica de grãos de soja durante o processo de secagem e ajustar diferentes modelos matemáticos aos valores experimentais obtidos em função do teor de água. Utilizou-se grãos de soja das variedades NS7901RR e TMG132RR, com média do teor inicial de água de 0,30 base seca (b.s.). Os grãos foram submetidos à secagem numa estufa com circulação forçada de ar, nas temperaturas de 40, 50 e 60 ºC, até atingirem um teor de água de pelo menos 0,15 (b.s.). A redução do volume foi analisada em função do teor de água por meio de diferentes modelos matemáticos que foram ajustados aos dados observados, por meio da avaliação da magnitude do erro cometido na estimação dos valores de contração volumétrica. Os modelos Bala e Woods adaptado e Polinomial, para a variedade NS7901RR, e Corrêa, Exponencial, Linear, Lozano, Mayor e Polinomial, para a variedade TMG132RR, foram os que apresentaram os melhores ajustes aos dados de contração volumétrica observados da tanto aparente quanto unitária nas diferentes temperaturas do ar de secagem utilizadas.
EFEITOS ALELOPÁTICOS DE Sesbania virgata (CAV.) PERS NA GERMINAÇAO DE SEMENTES DE ALFACE
Authors: Araujo Emmanoella Costa Guaraná , Silva Thiago Cardoso , Lima Tarcísio Viana de
Published: May 2018

As substâncias produzidas pelo metabolismo secundário das plantas podem interferir no comportamento morfológico, fisiológico e etológico de outros organismos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito alelopático do extrato aquoso de diferentes órgãos de Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers em sementes de alface (Lactuca sativa L, Asteraceae). Foram conduzidos quatro experimentos em laboratório num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Cada repetição foi representada por uma caixa Gerbox com 50 sementes de Lactuca sativa L. Para obtenção dos extratos aquosos, foram utilizadas sementes, cascas dos frutos, folhas e cascas do caule da planta, produzindo-se extratos nas concentrações 25, 50, 75 e 100% e 0% (controle), utilizando água destilada. Foi avaliada a taxa de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), tempo médio (dias) e velocidade média (dia-1). De acordo com os resultados, verificou-se que os extratos aquosos das folhas e cascas do caule de S. virgata não apresentam efeito inibitório alelopático sobre a germinação, entretanto, interferem na velocidade de germinação. Contrariamente, os extratos oriundos das sementes e cascas dos frutos apresentaram efeito alelopático sobre a germinação das sementes. Assim, pode-se concluir que S. virgata inibe o crescimento inicial de L. sativa.
Connecting reminiscence, art making and cultural heritage: A pilot art-for-dementia care programme
Authors: Tan Michael Koon Boon
Published: May 2018

The incidence of dementia in Singapore is increasing and strategies to care for people with dementia are necessary. Let’s Have Tea at the Museum is a pilot participatory visual art programme designed for clients at an Alzheimer’s Disease Association (ADA) Singapore day care centre. The programme, which combines reminiscence with art-making, aims at enabling participants to further explore the heritage collection at the Peranakan Museum to reawaken memories and promote personal expression. This study involved eight participants (seven females and one male) all aged 70 years and older, with early-stage or moderate-stage Alzheimer’s disease. Video recordings and journal entries were collected to study the effects of the programme on the participants. Data were analysed and interpreted using a grounded theory approach to identify general themes and facilitate focused analyses. The three themes identified in this study that support the benefits of the programme include the following: (1) fostering space for self-discovery, growth and socializing; (2) art as a resource for multi-sensorial engagement and stimulation; and (3) encouraging play and boosting morale. Further use and development of the programme is recommended as a strategy to care for and enrich the lives of people with Alzheimer’s disease.
Social capital and participation: The role of community arts festivals for generating well-being
Authors: Brownett Tristi
Published: May 2018

Community arts festivals have a potential role in fostering social capital and population well-being. This small, exploratory study collected and analysed qualitative data from eight semi-structured interviews with festival organizers. Thematic analysis was applied to the interview transcripts. The findings suggest that festivals create bridging social capital. Festivals also stimulate self-efficacy, which facilitates participation, an emotional response and may lead to a sense of personal well-being, with a living legacy for the community. The article posits a model to articulate the suggested interrelationship between these concepts. Very little research exists on the contribution of arts festivals towards community health and well-being. This nascent research therefore adds to the body of knowledge, and suggests the importance of developing participatory activity at local arts and cultural festivals for community health and well-being.
Editorial: Moving Forward—Life after trafficking
Authors: Brennan Denise , Plambech Sine
Published: May 2018

Spectacular stories of life in trafficking saturate the media, politicians’ speeches, and non-governmental organisations’ fundraising campaigns. With so much focus on stories of brutality, or of dramatic escapes and rescues, there has been little attention to what happens after trafficking. This special issue of the Anti-Trafficking Review shines a light on trafficking outcomes—both for those who have been labelled by state actors or the NGO sector as trafficked, as well as those whose exploitation garnered no legal protections or service provision. The volume puts centre stage the challenges and successes after trafficking that largely have unfolded off stage. It points to contradictions, slippages, missed opportunities, and failings.
Revolution or Decadence? Thoughts on the Transition between Modes of Production on the Occasion of the Marx Bicentennial
Authors: Amin Samir
Published: May 2018

Revolution is still on the agenda for the global periphery. Restorations in the course of socialist transition are not irrevocable—and in the weak links of the center, breaks in the imperialist front are not inconceivable.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
The Communist Manifesto in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Sweezy Paul M. , Mage John , Foster John Bellamy
Published: May 2018

The Manifesto's analysis of the capitalist crises that "put on its trial, each time more threateningly, the existence of the entire bourgeois society" remains central to any attempt to predict the events of the coming years.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
The Physics of Capitalism
Authors: Kolasi Erald
Published: May 2018

Human economies are complex biophysical systems. By exploring some fundamental concepts in physics, we can develop a better understanding of the ways that the energy-intensive activities of capitalism are changing humanity and the planet.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Two Lives on the Left
Authors: Cohen Esther
Published: May 2018

Jane Lazare has written a fascinating, intensely personal book about history, family, and the Communist Party in the United States. She knows this story well: her father was an active Communist organizer, and the memoir recounts his life and hers, and the connections between them.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
A Large Laryngeal Mucocele Causing Progressive upper Airway Obstruction and Cervical Swelling
Authors: Aidonis Ioannis , Lazaridis Nikolaos , Piagkou Maria , Anastasopoulos Nikolaos , Natsis Konstantinos
Published: May 2018

Laryngocele (LC) is an uncommon clinical entity, occasionally associated with fatal complications. If its neck becomes obstructed, mucous accumulates and then a laryngeal mucocele (LMC) is formed. Reports of LMCs are rare in the literature. A fluid-filled combined LMC in a 48 year-old Greek construction worker with presenting symptoms of cervical swelling and dysphonia is described. The male patient was surgically treated via an external approach. A LC rarely becomes symptomatic and infection unusually occurs. Magnetic resonance imaging depicts in detail the size, extension and structure of the neck mass and remains the diagnostic gold standard, providing superior soft-tissue discrimination, in cases of a concurrent laryngeal tumor. Histopathological examination confirms diagnosis, since there is always a high index of suspicion for malignancy. Established guidelines regarding surgical treatment of a LC do not exist. Although during the last two decades micro laryngoscopy with CO2 laser has gained popularity for the treatment of an internal LC, the external approach still remains the method of choice in cases of a combined LMC.
Severe Self-Inflicted Acute Ocular Siderosis Caused by an Iron Tablet in the Conjunctival Fornix
Authors: Asproudis Ioannis , Zafeiropoulos Paraskevas , Katsanos Andreas , Kolettis Christos
Published: May 2018

We present the case of a female patient who grinded a ferrous sulfate tablet and placed it at the conjunctival fornix of her left eye. She rapidly developed severe ocular siderosis, with profoundly decreased visual acuity, corneal opacities, cataract, retinal degeneration and ultimately phthisis bulbi. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the consequences of application of an iron tablet on the conjunctiva.
Sympathetic Nerve Injury in Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Diamantis Evangelos , Farmaki Paraskevi , Savvanis Spyridon , Athanasiadis Georgios , Troupis Theodoros , Damaskos Christos
Published: May 2018

The double innervation of the thyroid comes from the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Injury rates during surgery are at 30% but can be minimized by upwardly preparing the thyroid vessels at the level of thyroid capsule. Several factors have been accused of increasing the risk of injury including age and tumor size. Our aim was to investigate of there is indeed any possible correlations between these factors and a possible increase in injury rates following thyroidectomy. Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical correlation was observed for a positive relationship between injury of the sympathetic nerve and thyroid malignancy surgery (p < 0.001; I2 = 74%) No statistical correlations were observed for a negative or positive relationship between injury of the sympathetic nerve and tumor size. There was also no statistically significant value observed for the correlation of the patients’ age with the risk of sympathetic nerve injury (p = 0.388). Lack of significant correlation reported could be due to the small number of studies and great heterogeneity between them.
When Promoting Similarity Slows Satiation: The Relationship of Variety, Categorization, Similarity, and Satiation
Authors: Lasaleta Jannine D. , Redden Joseph P.
Published: May 2018

Satiation is an ongoing marketing challenge as it continually reduces a consumer's ability to enjoy a favored experience. The prevailing notion is that satiation increases with similarity; hence, consumers can best slow satiation by consuming stimuli that are as different as possible. We challenge this traditional (and intuitive) view and instead propose that stimuli can be so inherently different that consumers no longer spontaneously consider them together as part of the same experience. In such cases, promoting the similarity of the stimuli can counterintuitively slow satiation. We propose that this reversal happens because finding similarities leads the consumer to place these episodes into a single ad hoc category for the ongoing experience, thereby helping the consumer fully realize the overall variety inherent across all stimuli. Five studies establish this finding across multiple domains (music, art, and food) and provide process evidence that an ad hoc categorization for the overall experience underlies our effect. Our theory and findings provide insight into how and when similarity can help or hinder satiation, and they clarify the role of ad hoc categorization in this relationship.