bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Truth unveiled by time and the marbled definition of D2T-RA: retrospective analysis on the persistence of the difficult-to-treat status among refractory RA patients
Authors: Cincinelli Gilberto , Maioli Gabriella , Posio Cristina , Favalli Ennio Giulio , Ingegnoli Francesca , Caporali Roberto
Published: September 2024

Background

The current EULAR definition of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T-RA) identifies patients with active disease refractory to multiple treatments at a single time point, without considering the persistence of this condition over time. The study aimed to assess difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T-RA) over 12 months, considering persistence over time rather than a single time point, in a real-life cohort.

Methods

In a single-center real-life cohort, demographic and clinic data were cross-sectionally collected for each patient at baseline and retrospectively over the previous 12 months bimonthly. For each timepoint, the prevalence of D2T-RA patients was calculated, and patients meeting the EULAR definition for at least 6 months were defined as persistent D2T-RA (pD2T-RA). Finally, the clinical characteristics associated with the time-based definition of pD2T-RA were analyzed.

Results

Among 610 adult RA patients, 104 were refractory to ≥ 2 treatments. Initially, 41.3% met D2T-RA criteria, but only 27.9% fulfilled persistent D2T-RA (pD2T-RA) criteria over 6 months. The pD2T-RA group was associated with male gender, higher HAQ and Charlson Comorbidity Index scores, more failed treatments, and use of non-NSAID analgesics. Logistic regression linked pD2T-RA to higher SDAI and CRP values, and the use of glucocorticoids or analgesics. Chronic use of glucocorticoids was strongly associated with pD2T-RA.

Conclusions

The application of a temporal criterion allowed for the selection of a subgroup of pD2T-RA patients who differ from those who meet the definition of D2T-RA only episodically. Chronic use of glucocorticoids was the factor most strongly associated with pD2T-RA status.
Reslice3Dto2D: Introduction of a software tool to reformat 3D volumes into reference 2D slices in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Viezzer Darian , Fenski Maximilian , Grandy Thomas Hiroshi , Kuhnt Johanna , Hadler Thomas , Lange Steffen , Schulz-Menger Jeanette
Published: September 2024

Objective

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance enables the quantification of functional and morphological parameters with an impact on therapeutical decision making. While quantitative assessment is established in 2D, novel 3D techniques lack a standardized approach. Multi-planar-reformatting functionality in available software relies on visual matching location and often lacks necessary functionalities for further post-processing. Therefore, the easy-to-use Reslice3Dto2D software tool was developed as part of another research project to fill this gap and is now introduced with this work.

Results

The Reslice3Dto2D reformats 3D data at the exact location of a reference slice with a two-step-based interpolation in order to reflect in-plane discretization and through-plane slice thickness including a slice profile selection. The tool was successfully validated on an artificial dataset and tested on 119 subjects with different underlying pathologies. The exported reformatted data could be imported into three different post-processing software tools. The quantified image sharpness by the Frequency Domain Image Blur Measure was significantly decreased by around 40% on rectangular slice profiles with 7 mm slice thickness compared to 0 mm due to partial volume effects. Consequently, Reslice3Dto2D enables the quantification of 3D data with conventional post-processing tools as well as the comparison of 3D acquisitions with their established 2D version.
Comparison of kidney and hepatic outcomes among sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: a retrospective study using multiple propensity scores
Authors: Hiura Kazuya , Suzuki Chinami , Kubo Junichi , Goto Haruka , Takatori Shigo , Ishida Kiyomi , Tanaka Yuki , Mizutani Akifumi , Yamashita Yuki , Kurumazuka Chiho , Takagi Akihiko , Kobayashi Ryu , Shibanami Akio
Published: September 2024

Background

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been reported to have effects beyond lowering blood glucose levels, with certain SGLT2i expanding their indications to chronic kidney disease and chronic heart failure. We focused on the hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of six SGLT2i and assessed whether the effects were unique to each drug or common class effects, in addition to whether the renal and hepatoprotective effects vary based on renal and hepatic status.

Methods

Patients with diabetes (ipragliflozin: 837, empagliflozin: 850, canagliflozin: 922, dapagliflozin: 590, tofogliflozin: 288, and luseogliflozin: 193) who initiated SGLT2i treatment and were monitored for one year were included. The propensity score (PS) was calculated using patient backgrounds (age, sex, height, weight, body mass index [BMI], disease duration, concomitant diabetes medications, underlying conditions, glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], and triglyceride [TG] levels) as covariates. Additionally, the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) approach was used to compare liver and renal function test values.

Results

Pre- and 12-month post-treatment comparisons demonstrated a significant reduction in hepatic function (AST and ALT) and an increase in renal function (eCcr and eGFR) for all SGLT2i. Comparison of differences between pre- and 12-month post-treatment using the IPTW approach demonstrated no significant differences in AST, ALT, and eGFR levels between SGLT2i. At 12 months post-treatment, 67 patients were classified as having a more severe CKD than those at pre-treatment, representing only 1.8% of all patients (67/3,680). Similarly, 107 patients with AST and 147 patients with ALT were classified as having progressed to a more severe grade than at pre-treatment, representing only 2.9 and 4.0%, respectively.

Conclusions

Renoprotective and hepatoprotective effects are class effects of SGLT2i, and their effects are thought to be independent of kidney or liver status.
Plasma ceramides as biomarkers for microvascular disease and clinical outcomes in diabetes and myocardial infarction
Authors: Junqueira Debora Leonor , Cavalcanti Alexandre Biasi , Sallum Juliana Maria Ferraz , Yasaki Erika , de Andrade Jesuíno Isabella , Stach Alline , Negrelli Karina , de Oliveira Silva Leila , Lopes Marcela Almeida , Caixeta Adriano , Chan Mark YY , Ching Jianhong , Carvalho Valdemir Malechco , Faccio Andrea Tedesco , Tsutsui Jeane , Rizzatti Edgar , Fonseca Rafael Almeida , Summers Scott , Fonseca Henrique Almeida , Rochitte Carlos Eduardo , Krieger José Eduardo , de Carvalho Leonardo Pinto
Published: September 2024

Background

Ceramides have recently been identified as novel biomarkers associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). This study aims to explore their utility in diagnosing microvascular disease.

Methods

This study prospectively enrolled 309 patients from 2018 to 2020 into three groups: healthy controls (Group 1, N = 51), DM patients without acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (Group 2, N = 150), and DM patients with AMI (Group 3, N = 108). We assessed outcomes using stress perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for coronary microvascular disease (CMD) (Outcome 1), retinography for retinal microvascular disease (RMD) (Outcome 2), both CMD and RMD (Outcome 3), and absence of microvascular disease (w/o MD) (outcome 4). We evaluated the classification performance of ceramides using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and multiple logistic regression. 11-ceramide panel previously identified by our research group as related to macrovascular disease were used.

Results

Average glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values were 5.1% in Group 1, 8.3% in Group 2, and 7.6% in Group 3. Within the cohort, CMD was present in 59.5% of patients, RMD in 25.8%, both CMD and RMD in 18.8%, and w/o MD in 38.5%. The AUC values for the reference ceramide ratios were as follows: CMD at 0.66 (p = 0.012), RMD at 0.61 (p = 0.248), CMD & RMD at 0.64 (p = 0.282), and w/o MD at 0.67 (p = 0.010). In contrast, the AUC values using 11-ceramide panel showed significant improvement in the outcomes prediction: CMD at 0.81 (p = 0.001), RMD at 0.73 (p = 0.010), CMD & RMD at 0.73 (p = 0.04), and w/o MD at 0.83 (p = 0.010). Additionally, the plasma concentration of C14.0 was notably higher in the w/o MD group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Plasma ceramides serve as potential predictors for health status and microvascular disease phenotypes in diabetic patients.
Unveiling the hidden connections: network analysis of depressive symptoms, internet addiction, and attachment in Chinese children and adolescents
Authors: Ai Xianying , Wang Shiheng , Xu Peiru , Zhang Wenyan , Wei Chunxiang , Peng Lili , Liu Chao , Ding Ning , Zhu Yanhui , Wang Xianbin , Qiao Dongdong
Published: September 2024

Background

Children and adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) often grapple with significant non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), linked to interpersonal challenges, insecure attachment, and internet addiction. This study explores these relationships in children and adolescents using network analysis, drawing data from seven hospitals in China.

Results

The study included 162 youths with depressive disorder and 102 healthy controls from seven hospitals. The MDD + NSSI group exhibited severe internet addiction, heightened depressive symptoms, and insecure attachment. Network analysis identified central symptoms (compulsive use) and key bridge symptoms (tolerance symptoms) in the networks related to depressive symptoms, internet addiction, and attachments. These findings suggest potential targets for intervention among children and adolescents at risk for or suffering from depression.

Conclusions

This study sheds light on the intricate relationship between NSSI, attachment issues, and internet addiction in Chinese adolescents with MDD. The network analysis pinpointed central and key bridge symptoms, offering valuable insights for targeted interventions in children and adolescents at risk for or experiencing depression and associated challenges.
Clinical and pathological renal outcomes of COVID-19 patients: an Egyptian retrospective multi-center pooled analysis
Authors: William Emad A. , Sharaf Rehab M. , Ismail Wesam M.
Published: September 2024

Background

Kidneys have been one of the different organs affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) since its discovery, Acute kidney injury was the most common presentation. A pooled data from different kidney centers or hospitals in Egypt who sent their renal biopsy specimens from patients with renal trouble, up to 4 months after catching SARS-CoV-2, to PATH LAB for diagnosis, were analyzed.

Results

Beside acute kidney injury, a variety of different presentations was found, such as accidentally discovered impaired kidney function, varying degrees of proteinuria, and nephrotic syndrome. Not only acute tubular injury, acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, or thrombotic microangiopathy, but the extent of observation for 4 months revealed, unexpected pathologies, such as podocytopathies, membranous glomerulonephritis, proliferative and necrotizing glomerulonephritis, and lupus nephritis.

Conclusion

This virus has been incriminated in a chain of different kidney disease presentations and pathologies, although, a causal relationship is difficult to prove.
A study of borderline cases of velopharyngeal insufficiency using cephalometry and nasofibroscopy
Authors: Aref Essam-Eldin M. , Darwesh AbdElAzez MF. , Ibrahim Reham A.
Published: September 2024

Background

Identification of borderline cases of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) due to palatopharyngeal disproportion in the form of short palate or deep posterior pharyngeal wall is necessary particularly in preoperative assessment of adenotonsillectomy to prevent post-adenotonsillectomy velopharyngeal insufficiency and hypernasality.

Objective

To evaluate the role of fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy and cephalometry for assessment of clinically suspected cases of palatopharyngeal disproportion (borderline VPI) cases to identify the craniofacial morphometric measurements of such cases that may be helpful as a prognostic indicator in predicting and preventing post-adenotonsillectomy velopharyngeal dysfunction.

Design

This is an observational cross-sectional study of 38 patients with suspected palatopharyngeal disproportion (24 male and 14 female) with ages ranging from 3 to 7 years who were referred to the phoniatrics unit at Assiut University Hospital for the assessment of the velopharyngeal valve before adenotonsillectomy operation. The control group consisted of 25 normal individuals. They were subjected to (1) auditory perceptual assessment (APA) of the patients’ speech, (2) fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy, and (3) lateral cephalometry.

Results

Auditory perceptual assessment showed no statistically significant difference between both groups. Fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopic examination revealed a highly significant statistical difference between both groups as regards lateral pharyngeal wall mobility (p = 0.000). Lateral cephalometric assessment showed significant statistical differences for maxillary protrusion (P = 0.04) which was slightly wider in the study group than in the control group and bony pharyngeal depth (Ptm-Ba) (P = 0.03) which was deeper in the study group than in the control group.

Conclusion

Auditory perceptual assessment of speech, nasopharyngoscopy, and cephalometry are important tools that could be used for pre-adenotonsillectomy assessment of cases with palatopharyngeal disproportion to prevent the post-adenotonsillectomy velopharyngeal insufficiency and its consequences.
Assessing and managing the suicidal patient: forget the Reverend Bayes and try game theory
Authors: Nielssen Olav
Published: September 2024

Probability-based estimates of the future suicide of psychiatric patients are of little assistance in clinical practice. This article proposes strategic management of the interaction between the clinician and the patient in the assessment of potentially suicidal patients, using principles derived from game theory, to achieve a therapeutic outcome that minimises the likelihood of suicide. Further developments in the applications of large language models could allow us to quantify the basis for clinical decisions in individual patients. Documenting the basis of those decisions would help to demonstrate an adequate standard of care in every interaction.
Xyloid Sexuality
Authors: Edwards Caroline
Published: September 2024

The Kenyan-born, US-based artist Wangechi Mutu is fascinated by the human body and its nonhuman possibilities. In Mutu's collaged works, human forms are repeatedly ripped apart and reassembled within fantasy landscapes that speak of decomposition and regrowth. This article analyzes the significance of trees to Mutu's project of dismantling the human. Drawing from critical plant studies, forest ecology, cultural anthropology, and the mycological turn, it argues that Mutu's artworks forcefully reclaim the nonhuman as a site of Black expressive culture. These artworks blur ontological distinctions between the human and the arboreal through xyloid sexuality, a weirding of human eroticism and reproduction that pushes desire, procreation, and sexual fulfillment beyond species boundaries. Mutu's use of xyloid sexuality can be understood as a radical utopian gesture to supplant the violence of the colonial gaze with a powerfully more-than-human Black gaze.
'FROM THE ORTHODOX MEGALOPOLIS OF MOSCOVY OF GREAT RUSSIA': RUSSIAN HEIRLOOMS FROM THE MONASTERY OF TATARNA, SIXTEENTH-SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES
Authors: Boycheva Yuliana , Resh Daria
Published: September 2024

This article examines Russian artifacts donated to the Monastery of the Virgin of Tatarna (Evrytania, Central Greece) by Archbishop Arsenios of Elassona (1550-1625) and clergymen from his entourage. A monastic site since the Byzantine period, Tatarna emerged as an important religious center in the late sixteenth century because of its special status as a patriarchal monastery (stavropegion), granted to it almost immediately after its foundation by monks from Thessaly. The donation of a large number of Russian artifacts includes a manuscript, icons, and a pectoral panagiarion-encolpion, some of which are associated directly with Arsenios through inscriptions, while others are attributable to the clerics carrying the artifacts to the monastery. Overall, this is one of the very interesting ensembles of Russian ecclesiastical art to have survived in its original context in Greece. It is distinguished not only by the excellent craftsmanship of the objects comprising it, but also by the questions it raises as a historical source.
Physical therapists’ use of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elsayed Walaa , Albagmi Faisal , Alghamdi Mohammed , Farrag Ahmed
Published: September 2024

Background: Physical therapy (PT) services can be essential for recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Maintaining an efficient healthcare service is achieved by ensuring the safety of a well-informed healthcare practitioner. This study aimed to assess the sources of knowledge, attitude, experience, and accessibility to the personal protective equipment (PPE) of the physical therapists working in Saudi Arabia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to survey on-duty PT practitioners using a web-based questionnaire. Licensed PT practitioners were invited to participate, and a sample of 424 therapists responded. The questionnaire comprised of 22 questions covering the demographic data and the following domains: sources of knowledge regarding the pandemic, experience, and attitude of the therapists during the pandemic, and accessibility to the PPE.Results: Around 83% of the participants (352) completed all the survey questions. Governmental websites were the most used source of knowledge (39%). Hand sanitization was implemented by the majority of participants (81%). Participants, mainly males and experienced therapist, were willing to treat COVID-19 patients. The COVID-19 complications of prolonged ventilation and immobilization were successfully treated by 91.2% of participants who treated positive cases. About a third of the participants were part of COVID-19 management planning teams or received training to deal with the pandemic. Most of the necessary PPE was adequately accessible during the pandemic.Conclusions: Therapists implemented the recommended hygienic practices and had no problems accessing the necessary PPE. More efforts should target therapists’ education about the social media misleading information and involving the therapists in the pandemic management planning teams.
A Fondrakö text: Cultural religious tradition and social integration of community
Authors: Zaluchu Sonny E.
Published: September 2024

Fondrakö is the local wisdom of the Nias ethnic community and has two functions. First are the oral religious holy book teaching ancestors' values and philosophy. Second is the highest consensus institution of the traditional society formulating and making decisions on the socio-religious law to guarantee the order of the community. This paper explains that social differentiation has happened in the modern era; philosophical values of fondrakö remain to live up to this day and experience the proliferation of rites. The argumentation built through this paper is that primitive culture will not simply disappear in the modern community just because it experiences accommodation and the decrease of emotional intensity into new forms. Social laws of primitive religion are not always contradictory and can run parallel with civilization.
12 Tips for Including Disability Awareness within Undergraduate Medical Education Curricula
Authors: Sinha Tanvee , Harada Caroline N. , Brooks William S. , Parish Ashley
Published: September 2024

Disability is extremely common, and there is a need for high quality medical school curricula on working with persons with disabilities. The goal of disability training is to provide the proper knowledge and skills to address the unique needs of PWD, mitigate health disparities, and help shape more compassionate and informed physicians. This article presents 12 tips to incorporate disability training into undergraduate medical education. These tips emphasize the inclusion of PWD in all stages of the curriculum, interprofessional education, experiential learning, and exposure to a range of disability types. By leveraging these tips, educators will be able to create effective learning opportunities and improve the future healthcare of PWD.
THE INFLUENCE OF MACRO- AND MICROFERTILIZERS ON THE YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT ON CHESTNUT SOILS OF THE VOLGOGRAD REGION
Authors: Guzenko Andrey V. , Guzenko Alexey Yu. , Solonkin Andrey V.
Published: September 2024

Background. Agricultural sustainability is fundamental to achieving Zero Hunger, one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Under current scenarios, foliar application of mineral nutrients has become an inevitable agricultural practice for sustainable crop production worldwide.
The article presents the results of testing 7 varieties of winter wheat at two breeding centers of the Donskoy ASC and the Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2021-2022. The weather conditions at the demonstration plot in the autumn period were unfavorable (lack of moisture and high temperature) but did not have a great influence on the further development of plants in the spring-summer period due to the favorable conditions observed during the dormant phase in the winter.
Methods. The technology for cultivating winter wheat varieties in field experiments was according to B. A. Dospehov and the methods of state variety testing of agricultural crops.
To carry out a complete verification and reliability of the experiments carried out for 2020-2022, the processing and analysis of mathematical data was carried out in the Excel program.
Results. During the testing process, we examined the main indicators of winter wheat varieties according to the following main indicators. In terms of productive stem growth, good indicators were noted for the varieties Kamyshanka 9 - 472 pcs./m2, Etude - 454 pcs./m2 and Ambar - 436 pcs./m2. When studying productivity, a pattern was revealed that high indicators of productive stems do not always correspond to high yields. In terms of yield, it is worth noting the varieties Ambar (5.6 t/ha) and Etude (5.0 t/ha), which feel confident in our conditions and provide a stable increase in the yield. Along with the Rostov selection, the Kamyshanka variety 4 selection of the Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences generated a yield of 5.0 t/ha.
Conclusion. As studies have shown, not all varieties respond equally to additional nutrition with microfertilizers. The highest protein content corresponding to class 3 is formed in the varieties Volnitsa (13.7%), Elanskaya (13.6%) and Etude (13.3%). The use of macro- and microfertilizers increases the yield and improves the quality of grain.
The Polish system for the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage AD 2023 – achievements and challenges
Authors: Smyk Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

The author discusses the current state of organisation of the Polish system for the safeguarding of intangible heritage under the UNESCO Convention 2003 after twenty years since the enactment of the Convention and after ten years of functioning of the National List of Intangible Cultural Heritage. In the introduction, the author recounts the obligations of a State-Party to the Convention and the beginnings of the Polish debate on the shape of the intangible heritage management system. In the main part of the article, the author reviews and assesses the scope and forms of implementation of the National Programme for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, planned in 2011–2012 by the National Heritage Board of Poland. In the conclusions, the author indicates the next most urgent needs faced by the environment responsible for the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage in Poland.
The issues of the evaluation and protection of intangible cultural heritage as exemplified by the Kashubian tradition of the obeisance of feretra
Authors: Błahut Grzegorz
Published: September 2024

The article describes the tradition of the obeisance of feretra as a manifestation of intangible cultural heritage, as well as the ways of perceiving, evaluating and protecting this tradition. The year 2013 was significant in this respect, since thanks to an amateur but intentionally edited video published on the Internet, the obeisance of feretra was shown to a wider audience and received various, sometimes radically different opinions. Simultaneously, a considerable increase in the interest in the obeisance was observed among researchers, experts and bearers of this tradition as they tried to learn more about it and explain its meaning. In the article, the author distinguishes five types of the evaluation of the obeisance of feretra and analyses their determinants. Relating primarily to the 2003 UNESCO Convention, the author also considers actions that could help to protect the tradition of the obeisance of feretra.
Intangible cultural heritage of Poland and Belarus in media messages (identification of threats)
Authors: Leshkevich Alena
Published: September 2024

The article aims to identify threats to intangible cultural heritage generated by the media, which can be used to develop recommendations for a code of ethics for journalists and other individuals working with intangible cultural heritage in the media field. The media is one of the factors potentially threatening intangible cultural heritage as identified in UNESCO documents andresearch papers. Threats to intangible cultural heritage generated by the media can be categorised into three groups with regard to the subject responsible: 1) threats caused by the inappropriate behaviour of the producers of media materials; 2) threats resulting from the content of media messages; 3) threats resulting from media promotion. The examples analysed are media messages describing annual rituals. The present work offers not only the perspective of a researcher, but also that of a journalist who has been writing about intangible cultural heritage issues for the Belarusian media since 2012.
Turystyka zrównoważona jako szansa na rozsądną popularyzację i ochronę niematerialnego dziedzictwa – praktyczne przykłady działań związanych z polskimi tradycjami wpisanymi na listę UNESCO
Authors: Duda Michał
Published: September 2024

W artykule przedstawiona została koncepcja turystyki zrównoważonej jako szansy na ochronę niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego. Turystyka zrównoważona jest w założeniu ulepszoną formą turystyki z jednej strony pozytywnie oddziałującą na dziedzictwo niematerialne, a z drugiej ograniczającą jej negatywny wymiar, który jest zagrożeniem. Opracowanie zostało opartena przykładach zrównoważonych praktyk związanych z turystyką, dotyczących polskich tradycji wpisanych na Listę reprezentatywną niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego ludzkości UNESCO. To pierwsze tego typu opracowanie w literaturze, łączące podbudowę teoretyczną koncepcji zagrożeń dziedzictwa niematerialnego i turystyki zrównoważonej z inwentaryzacją stanu faktycznego. Opracowanie jest wartościowe ze względu na źródła danych, którymi w przypadku tradycji niematerialnych byli sami jej depozytariusze, osoby czynnie je kultywujące, działające w ramach organizacji i stowarzyszeń.
Spuścizna muzyczna Warszawskiej Pielgrzymki Pieszej na Jasną Górę w kontekście wpisu na Krajową listę niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego
Authors: Śnieżek Barbara
Published: September 2024

W artykule tym podjęto próbę opisu wybranych przykładów spuścizny muzycznej Warszawskiej Pielgrzymki Pieszej na Jasną Górę, uznając ją za istotną składową niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego rytuału pielgrzymowania. W pierwszej części przybliżono bogatą historię stołecznej pielgrzymki wplecioną w losy narodu polskiego. W drugiej części artykułu zaprezentowano tradycje muzyczne oraz repertuar warszawskich pielgrzymów, reprezentujący – poprzez swoje właściwości treściowe i strukturalne – gatunek pieśni pielgrzymkowych w znaczeniu ścisłym. Ostatnia część poświęcona jest wyzwaniom, z którymi mierzy się warszawska pielgrzymka, oraz zadaniom, jakie należy podjąć w celu utrzymania i przekazania jej dziedzictwa, w tym dziedzictwa muzycznego. Refleksje te prowadzą do wniosku, że wszystkie zaangażowane strony (organizatorzy, uczestnicy, ustawodawca, badacze kultury), powinny wypracować skuteczne strategie ochrony, z których największą rolę odgrywa odpowiednia edukacja.
(Nie)ginące zawody na Krajowej Liście Niematerialnego Dziedzictwa Kulturowego – ochrona, popularyzacja czy dekontekstualizacja?
Authors: Kraczoń Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest spojrzenie na formy ochrony i popularyzacji tradycyjnych rzemiosł wiejskich, a także ukazanie zjawisk, które wpływają na procesy ich dekontekstualizacji. Obecnie na Krajowej Liście Niematerialnego Dziedzictwa Kulturowego znajduje się 85 wpisów, z czego 35 przyjętych wniosków dotyczy wiedzy na temat tradycyjnych rzemiosł i form przekazywania umiejętności wytwarzania poszczególnych artefaktów. Obok zwiększonego zapotrzebowania na ich wytwory, twórcy muszą nierzadko mierzyć się z wieloma problemami, z których najistotniejszym jest brak kontynuatorów tradycji. W opracowaniu ukazano, w jaki sposób współczesne formy ochrony zjawisk niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego wpływają na jego żywotność i stan zachowania.
W trosce o węchowy wymiar dziedzictwa. O „The Odeuropa Smell Explorer. Explore Europe’s Olfactory Heritage” oraz „Encyclopedia of Smell History and Heritage”
Authors: Rygielska Małgorzata
Published: September 2024

Artykuł ma charakter raportu dotyczącego działań podejmowanych w ramach projektu Odeuropa (ODEUROPA: Negotiating Olfactory and Sensory Experiences in Cultural Heritage Practice and Research, HORYZONT 2020), w szczególności tych związanych pośrednio bądź bezpośrednio z dziedzictwem węchowym. Autorka skupia się przede wszystkim na opisie wymiernych efektów tych działań, dostępnych dzięki wyszukiwarce internetowej Smell Explorer oraz Encyclopedia of Smell History and Heritage. Projekt skupiony był na badaniach olfaktorycznego dziedzictwa Europy, wypracowaniu metod jego zachowania i opisu jako części materialnego i niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego, a także ukierunkowanej promocji. Obecnie projekt jest formalnie zakończony, choć wciąż trwa stadium jego ewaluacji – uczestnicy publikują coraz więcej przeglądowych artykułów, informujących szersze grono badaczy o zastosowanych metodach, przebiegu badań, procesie zbierania, analizowania i interpretowania danych, a także płynących z nich wnioskach. Jest to projekt dotąd nieomawiany w Polsce – wpisuje się nie tylko w obszar badań związanych z etnografią i antropologią wielozmysłową, ale także, a może nawet przede wszystkim, w badania związane z historią i historią kultury Europy, którą próbuje się poszerzyć o aspekt węchowego dziedzictwa.
Park Kulturowy Nowa Huta w świetle dokumentów miejskich i UNESCO oraz badań etnologicznych
Authors: Baniowska-Kopacz Ewa
Published: September 2024

Celem parku kulturowego jest obszarowa ochrona dziedzictwa miejskiego połączona z celami rozwoju społecznego i gospodarczego w relacji ze środowiskiem miejskim i przyrodniczym. U podstaw leży szerokie rozumienie dziedzictwa kulturowego, uwzględniające jego niematerialny aspekt. Artykuł jest analizą dokumentów związanych z procesem stanowienia Parku Kulturowego Nowa Huta oraz zestawieniem z ideą parku kulturowego wg. UNESCO. W artykule wykorzystano także autorskie badania etnograficzne.
The Polish milky ways A socio-historical case of the human-nonhuman relationship
Authors: Mroczkowska Joanna
Published: September 2024

This article discusses the socio-historical case of the human – non-human networks of Polish farmers engaged in milk production and cow herding. “Milky ways” is a term referring to var­ious ways, networks and social constellations which determine the socio-political landscape of Polish milk and dairy production and cow herding. The analysis includes ways in which, in various timeframes (before the Second World War, during Socialism, in the present time), milk is remembered to have linked a farming community and served as ways of sustenance for various types of farmers and local inhabitants (e.g. Jews, townspeople). The article explores what actors (people, products, spaces, and politics) formed the milky-way network, bringing into question the well-being and coping strategies of present-day farmers. Data for this study was collected during ethnographic fieldwork in Eastern Poland in the summer of 2019, as well as between 2010 and 2014 in villages around a small Podlachian town.
Obrzęd religijny w świetle semiotyki kultury
Authors: Żyłko Bogusław
Published: September 2024

Zastosowanie teorii semiotyki strukturalnej i kategorii tekstu kultury do materiału współczesnej obrzędowości przynosi książka Katarzyny Smyk Obrzęd jako tekst kultury. Przykład Bożego Ciała w Spycimierzu (Smyk 2020). Już w jej tytule zawiera się informacja, o jaki fakt kulturowy i o jaką metodę chodzi. Przedmiotem „materialnym” jest bowiem obrzęd, a konkretnie – obchodzenie Bożego Ciała we wsi Spycimierz (gm. Uniejów, pow. poddębicki, woj. łódzkie). Będzie on ujmowany w pewnym swoim aspekcie, na który wskazuje użyty w tytule termin „tekst kultury”. Powstaje logicznie uzasadniona sekwencja: fakt (przedmiot) – jego koncepcja (teoria) – metody badawcze. Charakterystyce tej triady poświęcony jest wstępny rozdział: Obrzęd – tekst kultury – metodologie. Przedmiot badań (obrzęd) nie wyznacza bezpośrednio metody (metod). Wyznacza ją koncepcja przedmiotu: tutaj – ujęcie obrzędu właśnie jako tekstu kultury. To ostatnie pojęcie występuje w monografii niejako w podwójnej roli: odsyła do przedmiotu badań (konstytuując właściwy przedmiot badań) i zarazem do określonej metody jako jej kluczowe narzędzie.
Trwałość czy zmiana? W kręgu ludowych i nieludowych tradycji
Authors: Wróblewska Violetta
Published: September 2024

Wydawać by się mogło, że o tradycji ludowej napisano już prawie wszystko i nic nowego nie da się w zakresie tej materii powiedzieć, ponieważ obecnie rejestruje się w terenie jedynie kulturowe odpryski dawnej chłopskiej kultury, które zachowały się w rodzinnych zasobach za sprawą nestorów, ewentualnie w archiwach zbieraczy regionalistów. Zwłaszcza za mało satysfakcjonujące może uchodzić badanie etnograficznych regionów już dobrze rozpoznanych i opisanych, jak Kaszuby. Obszar ten, cieszący się znacznym zainteresowaniem badaczy, już w XIX w. i to z różnych powodów – zarówno politycznych, historycznych oraz językowych (Wróblewska 2018: 93–103) – dawnych (Nadmorski 1892; Ramułt 1893), jak i współczesnych (Labuda 1996; Paždjerski 2016), zdaje się być obszarem miałkim poznawczo.
Nic bardziej mylnego. Okazuje się, że rzeczywistość potrafi zaskoczyć, czego dowodzi wydana niedawno monografia Kaszubskie dziedzictwo kulturowe: ochrona – trwanie – rozwój, pod red. Ewy Kocój, Cezarego Obracht-Prondzyńskiego, Katarzyny Barańskiej i Mirosława Kuklika (Kocój, Obracht-Prondzyński, Barańska, Kuklik 2021). Jest to praca niezwykle interesująca, wieloautorska, w przekrojowy sposób ukazująca najważniejsze elementy regionalnego dziedzictwa kulturowego, z uwzględnieniem aspektu jego trwałości i zmiany. Jednocześnie nie brakuje w niej prezentacji zupełnie nowych zjawisk, związanych ze zmianami zachodzącymi w regionie za sprawą czynników cywilizacyjnych, kulturowych, jak też politycznych, dowodząc nieustającej dynamiki kulturowej. Za niekwestionowany walor monografii należy uznać opis kształtowania się zupełnie nowych form tradycji, niepozostających w związkach z dawną kulturą ludową, ale wynikających ze specyfiki ziemi kaszubskiej. Nie brakuje również przykładów działań, np. artystycznych czy animacyjnych, które zostały zainspirowane tradycyjną kulturą. Całość przemyślana, dobrze poparta przykładami, również materiałem zdjęciowym, szkoda jedynie, że czarno-białym, co odbiera nieco smaku. A zmysły przy poznawaniu regionalnego dziedzictwa Kaszub odgrywają ogromną rolę, wiele tu bowiem dźwięków, kolorów, zapachów. Ale mimo tego drobnego mankamentu zebrane w tomie prace (łącznie 12, dodatkowo wstęp i noty o autorach), w większości wyrastające z badań terenowych, to interesujące, napisane z pasją, pogłębione, wieloaspektowe studia dotyczące wybranych elementów ludowego dziedzictwa Kaszub, takich jak język, literatura, muzyka, folklor, obrzędy i zwyczaje.
Correlation between gut microbiota dysbiosis and colorectal cancer: review
Authors: Chilimoniuk Zuzanna , Dudziński Dominik , Borkowska Aleksandra , Chałupnik Aleksandra , Więsyk Piotr , Chilimoniuk Beata , Gawłowicz Łukasz , Grzegorzak Filip , Stasiak Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

Introduction and Purpose:
The human gut microbiota, comprising a diverse consortium of approximately 100 trillion microorganisms, is integral to maintaining health and modulating disease processes. Its development begins at birth, influenced by maternal microbiota and environmental factors. Dysbiosis, defined as an imbalance in the gut microbial composition, has been implicated in a range of gastrointestinal pathologies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). This review endeavors to elucidate the relationship between gut microbiota and CRC, examining the impact of specific bacterial taxa on the pathogenesis CRC.
Description of the State of Knowledge:
Gut microbiota encompasses a multitude of microbial species, with their composition differing along the gastrointestinal tract. Healthy gut microbiota perform essential functions such as pathogen protection, metabolic processes, and immune system modulation. Factors like diet and genetics significantly influence microbial composition. Dysbiosis contributes to CRC through inflammation, genotoxin production, and immune modulation. Specific bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis, are associated with CRC. Mechanisms of carcinogenesis include bacterial adherence, invasion of epithelial cells, and activation of pro-inflammatory pathways.
Summary:Understanding the gut microbiota's role in CRC highlights the importance of maintaining a balanced microbiome for cancer prevention. Dietary interventions promoting beneficial bacteria and reducing harmful species could mitigate CRC risk. Further research should prioritize the identification of microbial biomarkers for early CRC detection and the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the gut microbiota. These efforts will enhance CRC prevention and treatment modalities.
An Efficient Node Selection Policy for Monte Carlo Tree Search with Neural Networks
Authors: Liu Xiaotian , Peng Yijie , Zhang Gongbo , Zhou Ruihan
Published: September 2024

Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) has been gaining increasing popularity, and the success of AlphaGo has prompted a new trend of incorporating a value network and a policy network constructed with neural networks into MCTS, namely, NN-MCTS. In this work, motivated by the shortcomings of the widely used upper confidence bounds applied to trees (UCT) policy, we formulate the node selection problem in NN-MCTS as a multistage ranking and selection (R&S) problem and propose a node selection policy that efficiently allocates a limited search budget to maximize the probability of correctly selecting the best action at the root state. The value and policy networks in NN-MCTS further improve the performance of the proposed node selection policy by providing prior knowledge and guiding the selection of the final action, respectively. Numerical experiments on two board games and an OpenAI task demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the UCT policy used in AlphaGo Zero and MuZero, implying the potential of constructing node selection policies in NN-MCTS with R&S procedures.

History: Accepted by Bruno Tuffin, Area Editor for Simulation.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72325007, 72250065, and 72022001], and a PKU-Boya Postdoctoral Fellowship 2406396158.

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0307 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0307 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
«La cosa és de poch profit, sinó per la preheminència»: el dret del peix de tall i la seva càrrega simbòlica
Authors: Ginot-Julià Antoni
Published: September 2024

Extreure un peix de l’aigua per a alimentar-se o comercialitzar-lo és una activitat que en temps medievals podia, físicament, ser desenvolupada per tothom. Ara bé, la mar no era completament lliure. A través de diferents exaccions, els senyors obtenien rèdits econòmics d’aquestes activitats i assenyalaven la seva potestat sobre les aigües. Un d’aquests drets, el del peix de tall, suposa l’obtenció de peixos de grans dimensions i amb unes característiques especials. El simbolisme, més que el profit, era el que impulsà principalment als senyors a cobrar i mantenir aquest dret sobre els seus vassalls. Una pràctica estesa a la Mediterrània Occidental que aquí s’analitzarà principalment a la costa Catalana.
Ressò de la croada contra Granada en un poble castellonenc: Vilafranca (1309)
Authors: Aparici Martí Joaquín
Published: September 2024

Any 1309. Jaume II, en connivència amb el rei castellà Fernando IV, inicia una croada per a la conquesta del territori musulmà de Granada. Durant aquest conflicte es produeix el setge de la ciutat d’Almeria per part del monarca aragonès. En aquest episodi participa un grup d’habitants de Vilafranca (nord de Castelló) que deixen la seua llar per anar al combat. Gràcies als testaments que ordenaren abans de la seua partida podem observar la incidència d’aquell fet a nivell micro, i també conèixer millor les persones que hi participaren.
Professional Issues in the Interpreted Education of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students
Authors: Guynes Kristen , Wood Carla
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Through in-depth interviews, this qualitative study explored the perceptions of seven teachers of students who are d/Deaf and hard of hearing (D/HH) regarding inclusive and interpreted education. The findings revealed central themes of concern including inadequate support in inclusive placements, communication modality mismatches, and insufficient quality of interpreted education. The teachers' experiences underscore the need for more comprehensive educational support systems and the development of robust support mechanisms to effectively navigate the challenges of inclusive placements for students who are D/HH. Specifically, further attention must be given to improving the qualifications, training, support, and supervision of educational interpreters facilitating education in inclusive settings. These findings have implications for multiple stakeholders, including policymakers, educators, and supportive personnel involved in shaping inclusive education practices to ensure equitable access and the creation of supportive spaces where all students can thrive.
Effectiveness of Group-Play Training on Emotion Recognition for Young Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
Authors: Huang Heqing , Wang Yan , Ma Zhuoya , Qin Zhonghua , Wang Yifang
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children are developmentally delayed in facial emotion recognition (FER). This study aimed to explore the possibility of enhancing the FER ability of DHH preschoolers through a group-play intervention. Nineteen children with a cochlear implant or hearing aid were enrolled in a 4-week intervention; six DHH children were assigned to a control group. The training program included a learning procedure for four basic emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, and fear. A pretest/posttest design was used to measure the DHH children's FER performance. The results indicated that although the two groups performed comparably on the FER task before the training (pretest), the performance of the intervention group was significantly better than that of the control group in the posttest. Moreover, the DHH children in the intervention group showed the greatest improvement in FER of happiness.
"To All My Maka'āinana": Reggae, Food Sovereignty, and Indigenous Insistence in Hawai'i
Authors: Kale Sunaina Keonaona
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Throughout my research on reggae in Hawai'i, Kanaka Maoli foodways and food sovereignty unexpectedly emerged as an important theme in the lives of musicians and fans (around eight of my fifty-four interviewees), and I observed it in others I talked to during fieldwork. Although reggae is associated with resistance in a global context because it is Black music and mobilizes anticolonial and anticapitalist messages, it is not "Hawaiian enough" for many politically active Kānaka who are also interested in food sovereignty. The connection between reggae in Hawai'i and food sovereignty complicates the ways that academics typically relate resistance to Indigenous identity. Besides resistance, reggae in Hawai'i and food sovereignty go "naturally" together because they are quotidian culture for Kānaka Maoli. Insistence , rather than simply resistance , is a more accurate and potentially liberatory framework through which to understand the connection between reggae and food sovereignty in Hawai'i.
Together We Are Stronger: Micronesian and Hawaiian Solidarity
Authors: Goodyear-Ka'ōpua Noelani , Kuper Kenneth Gofigan , Peter Joakim "Jojo"
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This dialogue emphasizes the reciprocal obligations of Kanaka Maoli, CHamoru, and Chuukese people to one another from the particular context of Hawai'i. The collaboration represents a call for Hawaiians and Micronesians to take each other into fuller account and to develop our collective strength as we struggle for justice, in a time of global climate crisis. The authors confront imperialist militarism and internalized racisms within our communities. These dynamics hamper us from taking coordinated action. We believe these conversations are particularly urgent as our peoples meet rising seas and intensifying storms and fires.
"Insurgent Indigeneity": A New Threshold of Indigenous Politics
Authors: Ramones Ikaika
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Celebrating Indigenous zones and movements of revival and "resurgence" has become a dominant frame of sorts for Indigenous political theory. Emergent Indigenous political praxis in Hawai'i, led by certain grassroots groups and organizers, leads me to theorize a qualitatively and quantitatively different modality of Indigenous politics—what I offer as "insurgent Indigeneity." This essay traces a genealogy of resurgence paradigms, presenting a set of philosophical presuppositions that entail circumscriptions on Indigenous political horizons and praxis: namely, an inward focus and a dyadic politics of a friend-enemy distinction. Drawing from the emergent practices of Hawaiian insurgent Indigeneity, and the political schema of expanding hegemony in Antonio Gramsci's The Modern Prince , I theorize how actors build upon resurgence to strategically proliferate outward, building mass power in a complex field of forces and actors to pursue a wider horizon of change.