bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response to high dose ipilimumab plus temozolomide after progression on standard or low dose ipilimumab in advanced melanoma: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Williamson Julie , Fadlullah Muhammad Zaki Hidayatullah , Kovacsovics-Bankowski Magdalena , Gibson Berit , Swami Umang , Erickson-Wayman Alyssa , Jamison Debra , Sageser Dan , Jeter Joanne , Bowles Tawnya , Cannon Donald M. , Haaland Ben , Schroeder Joyce D , Nix David , Atkinson Aaron , Hyngstrom John , McPherson Jordan , Tan Aik-Choon , Hu-Lieskovan Siwen
Published: June 2023

Background: Despite advancements in checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy, patients with advanced melanoma who have progressed on standard dose ipilimumab (Ipi) + nivolumab continue to have poor prognosis. Several studies support a dose-response activity of Ipi, and one promising combination is Ipi 10mg/kg (Ipi10) + temozolomide (TMZ).
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with advanced melanoma treated with Ipi10+TMZ in the immunotherapy refractory/resistant setting (n = 6), using similar patients treated with Ipi3+TMZ (n = 6) as comparison. Molecular profiling by whole exome sequencing (WES) and RNA-seq of tumors harvested through one responder’s treatment was performed.
Results: With a median follow up of 119 days, patients treated with Ipi10+TMZ had statistically significant longer median progression free survival of 144.5 days (range 27–219) vs 44 (26–75) in Ipi3+TMZ, p=0.04, and a trend for longer median overall survival of 154.5 days (27–537) vs 89.5 (26–548). All patients in the Ipi10 cohort had progressed on prior Ipi+Nivo. WES revealed only 12 shared somatic mutations including BRAF V600E. RNA-seq showed enrichment of inflammatory signatures, including interferon responses in metastatic lesions after standard dose Ipi + nivo and Ipi10 + TMZ compared to the primary tumor, and downregulated negative immune regulators including Wnt and TGFb signaling.
Conclusion: Ipi10+TMZ demonstrated efficacy including dramatic responses in patients with advanced melanoma refractory to prior Ipi + anti-PD1, even with CNS metastases. Molecular data suggest a potential threshold of Ipi dose for activation of sufficient anti-tumor immune response, and higher dose Ipi is required for some patients.
Ultrasound-Based Intestinal Cleansing Protocol for Critically Ill Adult Patients
Authors: NI xiumei , CAI Yuehong , XU Fengling , LI Taozi , XU Gongxia , WANG Jihai , YE Mao , HU Shaohua
Published: June 2023

Aims and Objectives:To investigate the application of ultrasound in intestinal cleansing for critically ill adult patients.
Patients: A total of 49 critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) from December 2020 to April 2022 were selected and then randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group, with 25 cases in the control group and 24 cases in the intervention group.
Design and Methods:The control group was offered routine intestinal cleansing measures, while the intervention group was given targeted laxatives, catharsis, or motility-promoting drugs according to the results of a gastrointestinal ultrasound evaluation. Before intervention and 24 hours after intervention, we compared several features between the two groups, including the transverse diameters of the ascending colon and the descending colon, time of first defecation, defecation frequency, number of defecations, and the abdominal circumferences of the ascending colon and the descending colon.
Results: After intervention, the transverse diameters ofthe ascending colon and the descending colon in the intervention group were 3.21±0.39 cm and 3.09±0.26 cm, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, in the intervention group, the first defecation time and abdominal circumference were lower than in the control group (P < 0.05), while the total number of defecations and the number of defecations within 24 hours were higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding abdominal circumference.
Conclusions: The ultrasound-based ICU enteric cleansing program achieves satisfactory intestinal cleansing and relieves the pain of patients with multiple enemas through accurate evaluation and targeted cleansing, which makes it worthy of promotion and application.
Using Explainable Machine Learning to Predict Compressive Strength of Blended Concrete: A Data-Driven Metaheuristic Approach
Authors: Kashifi Mohammad Tamim , Salami Babatunde Abiodun , Rahman Syed Masiur , Alimi Wasiu
Published: June 2023

In this study, we use highly developed machine learning techniques to accurately estimate the compressive strength (CS) of blended concrete, considering its composition, including cement, SCMs (ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and fly ash (FA)), water, superplasticizer, fine/coarse aggregate, and curing age. In addition to these, we examine an array of models, including XGBoost, decision trees (DT), deep neural networks (DNN), and linear regression (LR). Among them, XGBoost has the best performance in every category. We use the Bayesian optimization method for hyperparameter fine-tuning to improve forecast accuracy. Our in-depth examination demonstrates the better predictive skills of ensemble models like RF and XGBoost over LR, which is limited in its ability to capture data complexity beyond linear relationships. With an R2 of 0.952, RMSE of 4.88, MAE of 3.24, and MAPE of 9.94%, XGBoost performs noticeably better than its rivals. Using SHAP analysis, we determine that curing age, water content and cement concentration constitute the main factors influencing the predictive capacity of the model, with the contributions of superplasticizer and fly ash being minimal. Curing age and cement content have an interesting positive association with CS, but water content has a negative link with CS. These results highlight the value of machine learning, and more especially the effectiveness of XGBoost, as a potent device for forecasting the CS of mixed concrete. Additionally, the knowledge gained from our research provides designers and researchers in the field of concrete materials with useful direction, highlighting the most important factors for compressive strength. Future studies should work toward additional optimization by attempting to verify these models across a wider variety of concrete compositions and test settings.
Immune enhancement effects of neutral lipids, glycolipids, phospholipids from Halocynthia aurantium tunic on RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Jang A-yeong , Rod-in Weerawan , Park Woo Jung
Published: June 2023

The fractionated lipids of Halocynthia aurantium (Pyuridae) have been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory properties, but their modulatory properties have not been studied. This study aimed at estimating the immune enhancing effects of fractionated lipids from H. aurantium tunic on macrophage cells. The tunic of H. aurantium was used to isolate total lipids, which were then subsequently separated into neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids. RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0%) of each fractionated lipid. The cytotoxicity, the production of NO, the expression of immune-associated genes, and signaling pathways were performed. The neutral lipids and glycolipids significantly stimulated the production of NO and the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and COX-2 in a dose-dependent manner, while phospholipids ineffectively induced NO production and mRNA expression. Furthermore, it was found that both the neutral and glycolipids increased NF-κB p-65, p38, ERK1/2 and JNK phosphorylation, suggesting that these lipids may enhance immunity by activating the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, H. aurantium lipids-induced TNF-α expression was also decreased by blocking the MAPK or NF-κB signaling pathways. These results suggest that the neutral lipids and glycolipids from H. aurantium tunic have potential as a source of immune-enhancement materials.
Multi-objective optimization of cloud task scheduling based on improved deep Q-learning algorithm
Authors: Li Zongru , Guan Peiqi , Dong Yanqiao , Yang Yongquan
Published: June 2023

With the rapid development of cloud computing technology, although cloud computing can provide flexible resources and pay on demand mode, the problem of high energy consumption is still an urgent problem for cloud service providers to optimize. The cloud task scheduling problem of how to reduce operational costs while improving the quality of cloud services has become a research focus of cloud computing technology. In general, researchers will reduce power consumption, optimize load balancing,improve response speed and other aspects of cloud task scheduling algorithm for multi-objective optimization. At present, there are many optimization algorithms, such as traditional scheduling algorithms and heuristic algorithms, but these algorithms are unable to cope with the dynamic online complex cloud environment, resulting in the failure of multi-objective optimization or the high cost and poor effect of multi-objective optimization. However,deep reinforcement learning shows a better effect on multi-objective optimization of cloud task scheduling. Deep reinforcement learning offers new research ideas for cloud task scheduling. In this paper, based on the D3QN algorithm and noise network, NoisyD3QN algorithm is improved,which increases the exploration ability of reinforcement learning model and increases the upper limit of performance. Meanwhile, the NoisyD3QN algorithm-based cloud task scheduling model is constructed using the power consumption model proposed by FAN for simulation experiments. Comparing the performance of the eight algorithms on different optimization targets, the experiments show that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces the cluster power consumption, improves response speed, reduces user waiting time, and optimizes load balancing, Significantly reduces the average standard deviation of cluster CPU utilization.
Elevated Serum Interleukin-6 Levels Lead to Poorer Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer, a Pathway That Can Be Interrupted by Bevacizumab
Authors: chen Yu , Cai Hao , Liu Yang , Zhang Qiao , Jia HouJun
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between serum IL-6 concentration and the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer.
Methods: Serum IL-6 and CEA levels were retrospectively analyzed in 53 patients with colorectal cancer with liver metastases at first diagnosis, and the optimal cut-off values for these data were 4.83 ng/ml and 4.85 ng/ml, respectively, according to the ROC curve; the median follow-up time was in the range of 16 months (6-53 months), and the diameters of liver metastases were recorded at the first diagnosis and two months after the start of the first treatment. All 53 patients were found to have colorectal cancer combined with liver metastases at the first visit, and none of the metastases were treated surgically (including arterial catheter embolization). Twenty-six patients underwent resection of the primary lesion to reduce tumor load, 24 received oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy alone, and 29 received chemotherapy including bevacizumab. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis.
Results: The chi-square test verified that high serum IL-6 levels were significantly associated with lower treatment efficiency in patients treated with chemotherapy alone. However, this correlation can not be observed in patients treated with bevacizumab.
Conclusion: IL-6 can VEGF-dependently promote tumor angiogenesis; and anti-angiogenic therapy can eliminate the adverse effects of high levels of il-6 in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Somatostatin receptor 2A expression in Von Hippel-Lindau-related hemangioblastomas
Authors: Ahmad Saya , Muhlebner Angelika , Snijders Tom J. , Leng Wendy W. , Seute Tatjana , Leeuwaarde Rachel Sera
Published: June 2023

Purpose.
Central nervous system hemangioblastomas are the most prevalent manifestation of Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease and remain the main cause of mortality. Surgical resection is the primary treatment strategy, but is not always possible, and should be used as restrictively as possible. There is an unmet need for less invasive treatment strategies, such as targeted therapy. Expression of somatostatin receptor 2A (SSTR2A) in VHL-related hemangioblastomas has been described earlier, but the extent of expression in a larger population has yet to be determined. We hypothesize that a substantial subset of VHL-related hemangioblastomas show SSTR2A expression, which may serve as a potential new treatment target.
Methods.
Patients who were surgically treated for a VHL-related hemangioblastoma from 1990 until 2021 at the UMC Utrecht were included. Clinical data was derived from a clinical database. Tissue samples were histopathologically examined with use of hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical analysis of SSTR2A expression was performed.
Results.
Forty-three tissue samples were obtained from 26 patients. Nine showed strong positivity for SSTR2A expression, while 13 showed moderate and 15 sparse expression. Three samples showed no expression of SSTR2A. The distribution showed right-skewedness favoring a strong expression. SSTR2A expression co-localized with endothelial markers and not with stromal cells. Additionally, within-patient variability for SSTR2A expression was described in 14 patients.
Conclusion.
SSTR2A is expressed in varying degrees in the majority of VHL-related hemangioblastomas. Future treatment with somatostatin analogues or even peptide receptor radionuclide treatment may be considered for SSTR2A-positive cases.
Synthesis of multi-stakeholder run time dynamic digital twins and dynamic digital twins networks
Authors: Delhibabu Radhakrishnan , Vodyaho Alexander , Ignatov Dmitry I , Zhukova Nataly , Chervoncev Michael
Published: June 2023

The article describes an approach to the construction of complex distributed cyber-physical systems with a high level of architectural dynamics built on fog and edge computing platforms. The key idea of the developed approach is to use digital twins as dynamic models of the observed and managed systems, which are kept up-to-date by processing the event flow received in the form of logs. A reference architecture of a dynamic runtime digital twin is proposed. The possible approaches to synthesis of models that form the basis of digital twins are discussed. Examples of using the proposed approach to solve practical problems are given. The described approach may be of interest to specialists engaged in research and development of different kinds of information systems realized on 1 the IoT platforms such as smart cities, smart transport, medical information systems, etc.
Shenhuang Plaster Enhances Intestinal Anastomotic Healing in Rabbits Through Activation of the TGF-β and Hippo/YAP Signaling Pathways
Authors: Xiao Fengchun , Zhu Chenchen , Wei Xing , Chen Guiping , Xu Xiaohong
Published: June 2023

Although many efforts have been made to improve management strategies and diagnostic methods in the past several decades, the prevention of anastomotic complications, such as anastomotic leaks and strictures, remain a major clinical challenge. Therefore, new molecular pathways need to be identified that regulate anastomotic healing and to design new treatments for patients after anastomosis to reduce the occurrence of complications. Rabbits were treated with a MST1/2 inhibitor XMU-XP-1, a Chinese medicine formula Shenhuang Plaster (SHP) or a control vehicle immediately after surgery. The anastomotic burst pressure, collagen deposition and hydroxyproline concentration were evaluated at 3 and 7 days after the surgery, and qRT-PCR and western-blot analyses were used to characterize mRNA and protein expression levels. Both XMU-XP-1 and SHP significantly increased anastomotic burst pressure, collagen deposition and the concentration of hydroxyproline in intestinal anastomotic tissue at postoperative day 7 (POD 7). Importantly, SHP could induce TGF-b1 expression, which activated its downstream target Smad-2 to activate the TGF-b1signaling pathway. Moreover, SHP reduced the phosphorylation level of YAP and increased its active form, and treatment with verteporfin, a YAP-TEAD complex inhibitor, significantly suppressed the effects induced by SHP during anastomotic tissue healing. This study demonstrated that activation of the Hippo-YAP pathway enhances anastomotic healing, and that SHP enhances both the TGF-b/Smad and YAP signaling pathways to promote rabbit anastomotic healing after surgery. These results suggest that SHP could be used to treat patients who underwent anastomosis to prevent the occurrence of anastomotic complications.
Fingerprints as Indicators of Craftworkers’ Age and Sex in a Sample of Clay Ushabtis from TT 209, Luxor, Egypt
Authors: Gutiérrez-Redomero Esperanza , Herrerín Jesús , Polo Miguel Ángel Molinero
Published: June 2023

This article analyses fingerprints identified on a set of backed clay Egyptian funerary figurines, known as ushabtis. The strata in which they were found dates from the late Persian to the early Ptolemaic dynasties (ca. fifth to third centuries BCE), but the objects might have been made some two centuries earlier, during the Twenty-Fifth Dynasty, and then reused for a later burial. The authors propose that fingerprints preserved on ancient objects can be used to understand the roles that age and sex played in the organization of production systems in ancient societies. The Mean Ridge Breadth (MRB) and Mean Ridge Density (MRD) of each discrete fingerprint was measured. The craftworkers´ ages and heights were calculated from the MRB using specific regression equations, and their probable sex was determined by correlating the MRD with that of the reference population (contemporary Sudan). An age/sex identification matrix was then created to combine the results of MRB and MRD determinations for each piece. The results show, with high probability, that around 90% of the ushabtis were made by female adolescents between the ages of 11 and 16, and the remainder by children and some adult women. Between four and eight craftworkers manufactured the ushabtis, and due to their age and the relatively low level of skill required, it is proposed that they are likely to have been in the learning phase of their trade.
Evaluation of Gross Ecosystem Product in Taiwan Island and Analysis of Impact of Urbanization
Authors: Zhang Weijie , Luo Kunyu , Yan Zhenyu , Fan Yu , Song Youtao
Published: June 2023

Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) refers to the total value of products and services provided by ecosystems to human beings. With the emergence of the concept of gross ecosystem product, many researchers have continuously started calculating and analyzing it around the world. However, few scholars calculated the gross ecosystem product of Taiwan. This paper constructs a framework for GEP accounting in Taiwan based on land use information, rainfall conditions, soil data, statistical yearbooks, and the results of domestic and foreign research teams. The gross ecosystem product of the main island terrestrial ecosystem of Taiwan in 2000, 2010, and 2020 was calculated while we analyzed the relevance between urbanization level and GEP. In addition, we also analyze the Green Gold Index(GGI) and the correlation between ecosystem service functions. The relative results can be listed as follows. The GEP of the terrestrial ecosystem of Taiwan's main island in 2000, 2010, and 2020 were $104.12 billion, $97.66 billion, and $82.28 billion, respectively. And the overall distribution of GEP on Taiwan Island is uneven. Plus, The GGI of majority areas in Taiwan Island is less than 1 and shows a downward trend. In addition, Synergy relationship are the dominant type between ecosystem service functions in Taiwan Island, 18 groups are obviously correlated at the level of 0.05 and 4 groups are obviously positive correlation at the level of 0.01. Finally, the relationship between the three indicators of EPS, ERS, GEP and urbanization shows ༂inverse U༂ shape, and ETS is positively correlated with urbanization. The calculation results of GEP and analysis of correlation between GEP and urbanization can provide advice for sustainable development of Taiwan and reference for GEP accounting of other islands.
RETRACTED: Automotive Tracking System with Signal Lost Compensation
Authors: Lopes Gabriel Barcellos Kretli , Bueno Leandro
Published: June 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Determining Student Demographic Attributes Influencing Performance Using Binary Classification in KDP Model
Authors: Issah Iddrisu , Appiahene Peter , Appiah Obed , Inusah Fuseini
Published: June 2023

Machine learning (ML) is one way that can help decipher the intricate relationship between students' data and their performance. When implemented correctly in learning environments, machine learning will improve knowledge of fundamental processes by simplifying the identification, extraction, and evaluation of underlying factors that affect student learning and levels of achievement. This study employed the experimental research approach using binary classification techniques based on the six-step Knowledge Discovery Process (KDP) model. Five classifiers were used within the Rapid Miner's 9.10.010 educational environment as both experimental and analytical tool. The dataset comprised of 2334 records, 17 attributes with one class variable (students’ semester average score) inclusive. Twenty different tests were conducted. The experiments' results were evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation and ratio split validation with bootstrap sampling. The Random Forest algorithm (RF), Rule Induction methods (RI), Naive Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms were used in the experiment. The experimental results demonstrated that the RF method outperforms the other four techniques in all six-evaluation metrics that were employed for the selection process with the accuracy being 93.96%. According to the RF classifier model, the mother's and father's education levels of students are two recognized demographic factors per this study that significantly influence pre-tertiary students’ academic achievement. This study has significantly reduced the gap in practical knowledge observed in the literature by introducing an intervention scheme for respective student's requiring intensive or minimal academic interventions in its prediction procedure.
THE NEW MATERNITY ORDER: UTERUS TRANSPLANT WITH ITS ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS
Authors: METİN Sevtap
Published: June 2023

The uterus is the reproductive organ where the embryo formed by the fertilization of the sperm and egg settles and continues its development until birth. With the transition of uterus transplantation from experimental studies to clinical trials and starting to have babies in this way, uterus transplantation offers a solution that can enable these women to have children genetically on their own and grow them in their wombs. Uterine transplant is a procedure that combines both assisted reproductive technology and organ transplantation due to the necessity of in vitro fertilization and embryo freezing pre-procedure and thus represents a new level of cooperation between the two. With the transition of uterus transplantation from an experimental clinical procedure to clinical trials and its positive early results, ethical discussions applicable to each of the stakeholders in this study will be reviewed with bioethical principles and major theories. Uterine transplants are not life-saving, but life-enhancing transplants. In this context, uterus transplantation is accepted as a type of composite tissue transplantation included in the Organ and Tissue Transplant Services Regulation. However, uterus transplantation is also different from composite tissue transplantations in which it is included. By the definition of "donor" in the Composite Tissue Transplant Centers Directive in the Turkish legal system, it is accepted that living persons cannot be obliged to donate composite tissue. In this case, it is concluded that uterus transplantation is also included in the scope of composite tissue, and according to our legal order, it can only be done from a dead donor. In addition, in the Composite Tissue Transplantation Directive, uterine transplantation is not mentioned among the medical indications for such transplantations. Even this legal uncertainty points out that uterus transplants should be handled with a separate arrangement from the composite tissue transplant umbrella.
ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS AS MEANS FOR IMPLEMENTING ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH TO TRANSITION BETWEEN FORMATS
Authors: Rokhlina Elena K. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Golubeva Svetlana L. , Goncharova Tatiana N. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Film and Television,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: May 2023

The paper continues the research on the problems both educators and students experience while transferring between modes of instruction: traditional offline, online, mixed and hybrid formats. The factors are external and internal. The external factors, namely, pandemic period lockdown and later the geopolitical conflict involving more than two parties make it impossible for many overseas students to participate in face-to-face classes. Psychological adaptation and university’s capacity to provide for a successful learning process in different formats are the internal factors. Research questions cover the following aspects: 1) students’ expectations of different formats and problems they faced; 2) problems the educators faced; 3) research done previously; 4) solutions suggested; 5) feasibility of the proposed solutions. The findings based on thorough literature review, two surveys, and an expert interview1 show that adaptive educational systems, despite being promising, are not likely to be implemented widely in the observable future. We argue that an anthropocentric approach to educational technologies and adaptive systems are not the solutions to the problems per se. These systems are a powerful instrument to provide for inclusive, comfortable and effective personalised education. The revised principles and key features of the new curricula for social sciences and humanities alongside implementation of adaptive systems can be the best solution in transition between modes of education.
Specific performance and damages in Anglo-American and сontinental law
Authors: Torkin Dmitrii A. ,   Tyumen State University
Published: May 2023

The article deals with moral and ethical factors of contract law influencing the choice between specific performance and damages as the main remedy. Development of the law of contracts depends on decision of three dilemmas: “deontology or utilitarianism”; “will theory or objective theory”; “pacta sunt servanda principle or its denial”. In the course of protection of the contractual interest the law of contracts tends to right-based or economic theory depending on decision of the dilemmas mentioned. The economic theory gives priority to claim for damages whereas the right-based theory to specific performance. The article reveals reasons why specific performance is not popular in the USA as well as examines specific performance as an equitable remedy. The subsidiary role of specific performance to damages is additionally disclosed with regard to the adequacy of damages criterion which has not yet been followed in continental law. The continental legal system determined balance between specific performance and damages on the basis of Roman legal procedure (cognitio extraordinaria), in operation during the post-classical period as well as the results of Roman law intellectualization represented by the doctrine of interest (F. Mommsen) whereby the creditor`s interest replaced by its equivalent after breach of contract. The aggrieved party is entitled to choose between damages or specific performance with a preliminary letter of formal notice (France, Germany) or without it (Russia).
A numerical solution on pore diffusion equation with a volume of limited bath boundary condition using the finite difference method
Authors: Kumar Keshav
Published: June 2023

Numerical approaches have long been used to examine material behaviors that are governed by diffusion. The surface water and groundwater become polluted with regard to time. The pollutants travel from place to place in extended time intervals interacting with the solid soil particles. The diffusion of solute with solid soil particles idealized as spheres are studied in this dissertation. The objective was to numerically simulate diffusion through a sphere. A steady-state finite difference method was used to study the diffusion in a sphere. It was assumed that a bulk liquid solution interacts with solid spheres through a diffusion limited process which is equivalent to a volume of limited bath boundary condition. A sphere of radius 0.07 cm is placed in the beaker containing the solution. The radius of the sphere is divided into 15 nodes each of radius 0.005 cm. Initially, the sphere is free from the solute. As time progresses the diffusion in the sphere takes place. The solute from outside the sphere gets infused in the sphere. By using a numerical technique, the concentration at different nodes at different time intervals is studied. The process is carried out for two different solutions with different concentration values.
Reflexões sobre os atendimentos aos pais no âmbito da educação inclusiva
Authors: Marques Tatiana Studart Rodrigues , Legnani Viviane Neves , Santos Amanda Cabral dos
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre o acolhimento aos pais na Educação Inclusiva. Realizou-se um estudo de caso de uma criança com síndrome de Down, participante do Programa de Educação Precoce do Distrito Federal, no qual se detecta a importância da escuta dos processos subjetivos das crianças e de suas famílias, com ênfase na dinâmica parental, ante o encontro com a deficiência. Conclui-se que os professores tendem a se apropriar de conhecimentos da área de saúde, adotando uma concepção de desenvolvimento infantil padronizada e focada em diagnósticos e prognósticos das deficiências. Assim, os professores colocam-se em uma posição hierárquica de especialistas que orientam os pais. Essa estratégia mostra-se limitada, uma vez que os processos de desenvolvimento se articulam com a dimensão subjetiva da criança e do seu campo parental. Articulação, portanto, que demanda escuta e atenção, não podendo ser desconsiderada, pois é fundamental para contribuir com os processos de inclusão escolar.
Vicatia thibetica de Boiss: Botany, Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry,
Quantitative Analysis, and Pharmacology
Authors: Wang Qin-Yuan , He Neng-Xin , Qiu Yong-Wei , Jiang Wei , Zhong Guo-Yue , Sang Zhi-Pei , Ma Qin-Ge , Wei Rong-Rui
Published: June 2023

Background:

Vicatia thibetica de Boiss is a common Tibetan medicine used for both
medicine and food, belonging to the family Apiaceae. This plant has the functions of dispelling
wind, removing dampness, dispersing cold, and relieving pain. It has great development potential
and application prospects in food development and medicinal value.

Methods:

The related references on botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, quantitative analysis,
and pharmacology of V. thibetica de Boiss had been retrieved from both online and offline databases,
including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Elsevier, Willy, SpringLink, SciFinder,
Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, ACS publications, SciHub, Scopus, and CNKI.

Results:

V. thibetica de Boiss exerts nourishing, appetizing, and digestive effects according to the
theory of Tibetan medicine. Phytochemical reports have revealed that V. thibetica de Boiss contains
flavonoids, coumarins, sterols, and organic acids. Meanwhile, the quantitative analysis of the
chemical constituents of V. thibetica de Boiss has been done by means of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. It
has also been found that V. thibetica de Boiss possesses multiple pharmacological activities, including
anti-fatigue, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, and non-toxic activities.

Conclusion:

This paper has comprehensively summarized botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry,
quantitative analysis, and pharmacology of V. thibetica de Boiss. It will not only provide an important
clue for further studying V. thibetica de Boiss, but also offer an important theoretical basis
and valuable reference for in-depth research and exploitation of this plant in the future.
Preparation Methods for Graphene and its Derivatives
Authors: Gupta Sharoni , Punjabi Pinki Bala , Ameta Rakshit
Published: June 2023

Over the past few decades, graphene and its derivatives have carved a niche
for themselves in material science. These carbon nanomaterials exhibit a broad range of
applications owing to their enchanting features like high specific surface area, chemical
inertness, astonishing electrical and thermal properties, elevated intrinsic mobility,
inimitable optical properties, and huge mechanical strength. Considering the ubiquitous
applications of graphene in different industries, diverse top-down and bottom-up
methods have been developed. This chapter outlines the various methods used for the
synthesis of graphene and graphene-based derivatives, such as exfoliation, unrolling or
unzipping of carbon nanotubes, electric arc discharge method, laser ablation technique,
oxidative exfoliation-reduction of graphene oxide, chemical vapour deposition,
epitaxial growth, template synthesis, pyrolysis, substrate-free synthesis, total organic
synthesis, and biological methods, highlighting the advantages of these methods.
Upcoming challenges concerning the commercial synthesis of graphene have also been
addressed in the concluding part. 
Graphene Supported Palladium Nanocatalyst for Cross-Coupling Reactions
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Singh Solanki Meenakshi , Sharma Siddharth
Published: June 2023

The catalytic potential of graphene oxide (GO) and graphite oxide has been well explored in recent years. The reactivity of metal-supported graphite oxide as a solid-phase heterogeneous catalyst has started to be an exceptionally powerful tool for the construction of C-C bonds in synthetic organic chemistry. Among them, palladium has been widely used in different catalysts for a variety of cross-coupling reactions such as Mizoroki-Heck, Suzuki-Miyaura, Kumada, Stille, Negishi, Hiyama, and Buchwald-Hartwig, etc., because of its high catalytic activity and the rapid installation of a complex molecular structure with selectivity in comparison to other transition metal catalysts. A description of recent advances in graphene-supported palladium nanocatalysts for cross-coupling reactions is presented in this chapter. Catalyst synthesis and mechanistic aspects are also given, followed by comparisons with traditional methods.
Advances in Cardiovascular Nanopharmacology
Authors: Maleki Dizaj Solmaz , Shahi Shahriar , Khezri Khadijeh , Sharifi Simin
Published: June 2023

Nanotechnology has caused the most noteworthy influence on oncology,
recently. Many nano-based delivery systems for specific medicines and a diversity of
other diseases are being advanced nowadays. Nanomedicine is preferably adapted to
resolving the main issues of numerous diseases, as it offers the special opportunity to
create specific nanoparticles as a carrier for the targeted and controlled transferal of
several therapeutic agents to the targeted location. Moreover, ligand-targeting or
receptor-mediated targeting methods relate to an extra degree of complexity that may
be implemented in the nanoparticles-based product in cardiovascular diseases. Despite
the noteworthy increase in studies on the use of nanoparticles in cardiovascular disease,
some reports have shown that different types of nanoparticles have cytotoxic action.
Future studies are desired to fully investigate toxicity, especially cytotoxicity and
inflammatory responses for nanomaterials. The outline of new plans to reduce toxicity
should be the aim of future studies. In the present chapter, we emphasize new
developments in cardiovascular nanopharmacology and the assistant methods for
scheming new nanomaterials for this field. The future lookouts have also been
discussed.
Potential Solutions for Nanotoxicology
Authors: Sokouti Babak , Bagheri Vahid , Jahanban-Esfahlan Ali , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad
Published: June 2023

Concerns regarding possible toxicological effects on human health and the
environment have arisen as nanomaterials (NMs) result from various substances that
have become more widely used in various sectors mainly industry, environment, and
medicine. This chapter provides a thorough examination of nanotoxicology and
nanosafety approaches concerning NMs upon their development and subsequent
implementations. The importance of emerging toxicological strategies developed over
the last few decades for the evaluation of NMs toxicity including cell culture studies (in
vitro), living organisms (in vivo), and computational methods (in silico) following the
advantages/disadvantages of each technique is addressed. A comprehensive overview
to reduce the NMs toxicity and the most common approaches adopted up to now
mostly focused on medical considerations are also presented here.
The Impact of Air Pollution and Environmental Factors on COVID-19 Transmission
Authors: Lawrence Alfred J. , Aneja Vinay P. , Khan Tahmeena
Published: June 2023

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has caused serious mortal damage to the human
race. The virus causes respiratory infections, and many studies are trying to
comprehend the mode of spread and infection. This chapter has explained the origin of
the virus, its structure and activity domain, symptoms, medicinal interventions, and
particularly various modes of spread with emphasis on air pollution as contributing and
facilitating factors assisted with favourable meteorological conditions, including
temperature and relative humidity. Pieces of evidence from different countries suggest
that the spread of the virus may be facilitated by air pollution and people who are
exposed to high pollution levels are more susceptible to falling victim to the virus.
Transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 may be facilitated by the airborne particulate matter,
and both particulate matter and coronavirus cause oxidative stress in the body that
helps in enhancing the susceptibility and severity towards respiratory infection. Not
only ambient air pollution, but indoor air pollution (IAP) is also a factor worth
considering. People in developing and under-developed nations are at high risk as they
are exposed to high IAP levels. Awareness must be created to educate them about the
associated harmful consequences, including the risk of catching the lethal COVID-19
infection. In the absence of any concrete medicinal solution, it is necessary to build
immunity which may be uplifted by the usage of natural food sources, including herbs
and spices. An overview of some commonly available herbs and spices of medicinal
importance has also been given in the chapter. 
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Women
Authors: Khan Tahmeena , Arif Saima , Lawrence Alfred J.
Published: June 2023

SARS-CoV-2 virus, leading to the COVID-19 pandemic, was first
recognized in 2019. The impact of the crisis is never gender-neutral, and COVID-19 is
no exception. While everyone is facing unprecedented challenges, women bear the
brunt of the economic and social fallout of COVID-19. Hygiene and nutritional aspects
are important parameters for the assessment of the overall health and well-being of a
person. This chapter has shed light on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on
women and how their sanitary/hygiene routine has been impacted in the current
scenario. Through an online questionnaire survey with 510 women, the overall impact
on their lives, including health and hygiene and nutritional practices, is presented as a
case study. 69.4% of women reported spending some time on a physical fitness regime,
and 66.2% of them believed that wearing a mask can reduce the risk of infection.
56.3% of women reported no side effects related to masks, however, 25.6% of women
reported breathing issues whereas, skin rashes and itching and ear pain were some
other symptoms reported. Women became more careful about their health during the
pandemic, and 73.1% of them reported to have consumed additional measures to boost
their immunity, and 74.4% of the women reported that their fruit intake increased
during the pandemic. 52.2% of the respondents also reported consuming some health
supplements. The awareness can be linked to educational status as the majority of
respondents had university degrees, out of which 33.5% were graduates, and 30% were
post-graduates.
Role of Immunity Against COVID-19
Authors: Singh Nidhi
Published: June 2023

The chapter defines the importance of immunity against COVID-19. The
chapter describes the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and the way the body fights
back and shows its immune response against the pathogen. Factors affecting immunity
include ageing and obesity. The effect of the age factor has been visible in the suffering
due to the coronavirus. The chapter also describes the nutritional factors that could
boost immunity and enhance the immune response of the body against COVID-19. The
major nutritional elements comprise vitamins and micronutrients, responsible for the
biosynthesis of amino acids and strengthening of the defence system of the body.
Natural products also play an important role in the enhancement of immunity against
the coronavirus. The phytoconstituents present in plants play an active biochemical role
in controlling COVID-19 symptoms. Vaccination has also helped in gaining acquired
immunity against the COVID-19 pathogen and helped in developing herd immunity as
well.
Yeni Bir Salgın Kapıda: Monkeypox Virüs
Authors: SÜTLÜ Sevinç , ÇATAK Binali , KILINÇ Ahmet
Published: June 2023

Monkeypox, maymun çiçeği virüsü ile oluşan nadir bir enfeksiyon hastalığıdır. Ancak 1 Ocak 2022 tarihinden bu yana Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından 75 üye devletten 16.000 maymun çiçeği vakası ve 5 ölüm bildirilmiştir. Maymun çiçeği hastalığı dünya genelinde beklenmeyen bir hızda yayılmaktadır. Özel bir tedavisi bulunmaması nedeniyle korunma önlemleri konusunda risk grupları ve halka yönelik farkındalık çalışmaları planlanmalıdır.
Kolaborasi Implementasi Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sampah Nagari di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat: Melihat Peluang dan Inovasi Kebijakan
Authors: Artha Alfian Deby , Nurasa Heru , Candradewini Candradewini
Published: June 2023

Lampiran RPJMN tahun 2020-2024 menyebutkan sampah sampai saat ini masih menjadi persoalan di Indonesia. Kondisi tersebut masih tersebar hampir di seluruh wilayah kabupaten/kota di Indonesia, termasuk Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Secara faktual di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat masih ditemukan permasalahan sampah yang tertumpuk, dibakar, dan/atau dibuang ke sungai dan laut. Permasalahan tersebut terjadi karena Kabupaten Pasaman Barat belum didukung oleh efektivitas sistem pengelolaan sampah yang baik, sehingga diperlukan kolaborasi antar stakeholder dalam rangka melaksanakan kebijakan pengelolaan sampah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui siapa stakeholder yang berkolaborasi dalam pengelolaan sampah, menganalisis kolaborasi yang terbangun antar stakeholder, dan mengoptimalisasikan peluang dalam rangka meningkatkan kinerja pengelolaan sampah. Dalam pengelompokan stakeholder yang terlibat dalam kolaborasi, peneliti menggunakan metode pemetaan powerinterest grid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stakeholder yang berkolaborasi terdiri dari: Bupati, DPRD, DLH, Pemerintah Nagari, DPMN, masyarakat, swasta, dan LSM. Kolaborasi sebagai konsep dasar penguat dari sinergitas dalam implementasi kebijakan yang terbangun antar stakeholder belum efektif. Perlu memanfaatkan dan mengoptimalisasikan peluang kolaborasi antar dan/atau dengan stakeholder lain.
Radicalization Convoy: Concerns Of Domestic Extremism In Canada.
Authors: Shaikh Mubin
Published: June 2023

On January 20, 2023, Mubin Shaikh, Professor at Seneca College's School of Public Safety, presented Radicalization Convoy: Concerns Of Domestic Extremism In Canada. The key points discussed were the historical presence and evolution of extremism in Canada, the 2022 Freedom Convoy as a recent expression of a larger and interconnected history of extremism in the West, and recommendations as to how the security and intelligence community can address the extremist threat.
Received: 2023-05-13
Revised: 2023-05-18
Information Through the Lens of Safety and Security
Authors: Neal Patrick
Published: June 2023

On April 20, 2023, Dr. Patrick Neal, Senior Research Fellow at the Canadian Centre for Identity-Based Conflict and Vice President of Cyber Research at CASIS Vancouver, presented Information Through the Lens of Safety and Security at the April 2023 CASIS Digital Roundtable. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience. The key points discussed were how information has shifted to shape culture, the future evolution of Public and National Safety, and transformations in technology from language analysis.
Received: 2023-05-11
Revised: 2023-05-12
Canada's Defence Intelligence Toolkit
Authors: Anker Lane
Published: June 2023

On November 22, 2022, Lane Anker, Acting Assistant Chief of Defence Intelligence (ACDI) Canadian Forces Intelligence Command (CFINTCOM), presented on Canada's Defence Intelligence Toolkit. The key points discussed were the role and structure of CFINTCOM, the major global disruption points impacting Canada, and the means available to Canadian defence intelligence to address these challenges.
Received: 2023-05-12
Revised: 2023-05-22
Invisible Insecurity
Authors: Adlakha-Hutcheon Gitanjali
Published: June 2023

On May 18, 2023, Dr. Gitanjali Adlakha-Hutcheon, presented Invisible Insecurity.  The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives. The key points discussed were the multifocal conceptualization and understanding of security, the current and the not quite so visible disruptors of security, and the ways in which these disruptors can be addressed at the individual and collective levels.
Received: 2023-05-21
Revised: 2023-05-29
Pistis Christou als open plek. Is er een hermeneutische uitweg uit de exegetische impasse over de betekenis van pistis Christou?
Authors: Zwart J.M.
Published: June 2023

The debate about the meaning of the Pauline phrase pistis Christou focuses on the syntax. If the genitive case is subjective then it is rendered “faith(fulness) of Christ”, if objective, then “faith in Christ”. This article examines the occurrence of pistis Christou in Philippians 3:9 from a reader-response perspective to determine if the difference between the subjective and the objective genitive reading could have led to a different understanding by the Philippians. The phrase and meaning of pistis Christou will be treated as an open space in the text, which the first readers could fill by following the letter’s authorial instructions and textual indications. The article concludes that a reader-response approach does not provide a way out of the exegetical debate on the meaning of pistis Christou, but that it does shift the reader’s focus from the grammar to the person of Christ.