bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Allergic rhinitis – a review of current diagnostic and therapeutic methods
Authors: Kwiliński Kacper , Kucharska Maja , Szyszka Monika , Wawrzyńska Barbara , Przybysz Paulina , Paruch Agata , Wadowska Magdalena
Published: September 2024

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa caused by exposure to allergens such as pollen, house dust mites, animal dander, and molds. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal itching, watery discharge, and nasal congestion, often associated with conjunctivitis. AR can significantly reduce patients' quality of life, affecting their ability to perform daily activities and causing sleep disturbances and fatigue.
Diagnosis of AR is based on a past medical history, assessment of clinical symptoms, and allergy tests, such as skin tests, and measure of specific class E (IgE) immunoglobulins in blood serum level. Treatment includes allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy, and allergen immunotherapy. Antihistamines, intranasal glucocorticosteroids, cromones, and anti-leukotriene drugs are the basis of pharmacotherapy, helping to control symptoms and improve a patient's quality of life. Allergen immunotherapy, both subcutaneous and sublingual, is effective in modifying the course of the disease and reducing hypersensitivity to allergens.
New therapeutic and diagnostic approaches, such as biomarkers and biologics, are under investigation and may offer more personalized and effective AR treatment in the future. A holistic approach to AR, including patient education and lifestyle modification, is crucial for long-term therapeutic success.
The article aims to review current diagnostic and therapeutic methods used in AR.
Comparison of Non-Surgical Methods for Treating Hemorrhoids
Authors: Miga-Orczykowska Nadia , Lemieszek Paulina , Sajkiewicz Ilona , Rudnicka Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

Introduction and purpose
Hemorrhoidal disease is one of the most common proctological problems worldwide. The etiology of hemorrhoidal disease has not been fully explained. Authors note that lifestyle factors and dietary habits are primarily responsible for hemorrhoidal disease. These include: a low-fiber diet, constipation, a sedentary lifestyle, and suboptimal body position during defecation commonly observed in Western societies. Due to the high prevalence of the disease in the population and the associated decrease in quality of life, outpatient procedural treatments that are highly effective and allow for a quick return to normal activity are very popular among patients. The aim of this study is to discuss non-surgical methods of hemorrhoid treatment.
Material and methods
This paper was based on a review of materials available on PubMed, searched using the following keywords: “hemorrhoids”, “sclerotherapy”, “rubber band ligation”, „infrared coagulation”, „laser hemorrhoidoplasty”, „Doppler guides hemorrhoidal artery ligation”.
 
Results 
In recent years, there has been a significant development in non-surgical techniques for treating hemorrhoids, which are widely used in patients with grade I-III hemorrhoids and can be performed in an outpatient setting or during short hospital stays with the use of regional anesthesia, such as: Sclerotherapy, rubber band ligation, Infrared coagulation, Laser hemorrhoidoplasty, Doppler Guides Hemorrhoidal Artery Ligation.
Conclusion
In conclusion, non-surgical methods for the treatment of hemorrhoids offer a range of effective alternatives to conventional surgery. The choice of treatment should be individualized, taking into account the severity of the hemorrhoidal disease, patient preferences, and the potential for complications.
Bergamot extract and red yeast rice in reducing high cholesterol - what is known?
Authors: Składanek Justyna , Leśkiewicz Michał , Kopczyńska Barbara
Published: September 2024

Obtaining optimal levels of lipoproteins and total cholesterol is one of the main goals for reducing cardiovascular risk. Many patients insist on changing their statin treatment to a nutraceutical such as Bergamot extract or red yeast rice extract, due to statin intolerance affecting some of them and increasing disinformation on statin side effects. This is why, interest in lipid-lowering ability of available nutraceuticals, is growing.
In our work, we tried to summarise what is known about nutraceuticals such as red yeast rice and bergamot extract and how they can be used in clinical practise.
We searched two databases such us Pubmed and Medline byusing the terms “bergamot”, ”red yeast rice”, “dyslipidaemia” and “hypercholesterolaemia”
Products containing red yeast rice and bergamot extract are dietary supplements which are sold over the counter. There is possibility that they can be seen as natural substances which significantly reduce cholesterol levels, however, they have weaker effect than strong statins. They cannot be replacement for them.
Red yeast rice is the leading substance. It can be used in patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia or can be combined with ezetimibe if statins are badly tolerated. There is no clear opinion of experts on bergamot due to lack of larger and longer studies.
As our article show it is crucial to conduct more scientific research on nutraceuticals especially Bergamot extract.
Type 1 Diabetes: An In-Depth Review of Pathogenesis with a Focus on the Role of Physical Activity and Dietary Interventions
Authors: Konopka Agata , Smołka Weronika , Skrzypczyk Marcin , Smółka Leon
Published: September 2024

Introduction: 
Pompe disease is classified as a metabolic myopathy and is a glycogen storage disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner due to a mutation in the gene encoding the enzyme α-glucosidase. There are two main forms: infantile and late-onset. The disease progresses chronically, with clinical presentation characterized by progressive muscle weakness and varying degrees of respiratory insufficiency. Although incurable, causative treatment is available in the form of enzyme replacement therapy with alglucosidase alfa, a human recombinant α-glucosidase. Early diagnosis, primarily based on enzyme activity assessment, is crucial as timely treatment can extend and improve patients' quality of life.
Purpose of the work: This study aims to review and characterize the clinical and genetic aspects of Pompe disease.
Materials and methods: A comprehensive analysis of research papers available on PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus was undertaken using the searchterms encompassing the following keywords: Pompe disease / lysosomal storage disease / myopathy / acid alpha-1,4-glucosidase / glycogen / newborn screening / enzyme replacement therapy.    
Results: Pompe disease is a life-threatening rare condition where prompt diagnosis is essential due to the availability of causative treatment. It is included in newborn screening programs for inherited metabolic disorders in some countries. Unfortunately, in Poland, routine diagnostic screening does not cover this disease. Implementing screening could simplify diagnosis and reduce the need for extensive differential diagnostics. Diagnosing late-onset Pompe disease can be challenging due to its diverse progression and symptoms. Patients with Pompe disease, even those receiving enzyme replacement therapy, require multidisciplinary care involving cardiology, pulmonology, neurology, and physical therapy.
Anarquistas sobre el río Magdalena. Anarcosindicalismo y cuestionamientos al orden, 1923-1927
Authors: Granados Sanabria Julián David
Published: September 2024

En el transcurso de la segunda década del siglo XX un conjunto de cambios y tensiones se gestaron en algunas partes de la sociedad colombiana. Los reclamos por la mejoría en las condiciones de vida y las luchas por una transformación más amplia de la sociedad en general fueron promovidos desde diversos sectores. En este caso de estudio, el anarquismo y el anarcosindicalismo fueron algunas de las posturas que varios obreros, bogas, inquilinos, hombres y mujeres adoptaron como opción política para enfrentar sus dificultades y formular nuevas opciones de organización. A la par, a lo largo de la ribera del río Magdalena, en sus cuencas Alta y Baja, transitaron algunos extranjeros como Nicolás Gutarra, Evangelista Priftis, Juan García García y Filipo Colombo. Estos extranjeros anarquistas establecieron relaciones con diferentes núcleos sindicales y ayudaron a la fundación de otros. A través del análisis de las trayectorias de estos extranjeros, junto con los sindicatos, organizaciones y comités de los cuales fueron parte, se comprende las tensiones que dichas personas y organizaciones entablaron con ciertos “agentes del orden” como la policía, los entes judiciales y gubernamentales. Así, este texto tiene un eje especial de análisis en las apuestas de construcción de un orden por parte de personas que de una u otra forma se relacionaron con el anarquismo y el anarcosindicalismo, y las tensiones que dicho anhelo, empresa u apuesta política generó en las autoridades judiciales, policiales y gubernamentales.
«Senza titolo»
Authors: Rapparini Riccardo , Bernardoni Pinuccia
Published: September 2024

Il progetto del monumento-memoriale Per fantasmata esplora il concetto di non finito nelle sue intersezioni tra architettura e arte relazionandosi al non finito inteso sia come caratteristica del progettare di Vittoriano Viganò sia come termine in grado di riassume le peripezie che hanno portato uno dei suoi progetti più celebri, l’Istituto Marchiondi Spagliardi, ad essere considerato contemporaneamente rovina e incompiuto. Il non finito è una scelta di vita, una «valenza aperta», uno strumento a reazione poetica che si traduce in un’architettura fluida, disorientante, e in una materia grezza che si lascia plasmare dal tempo. Materia, forma e spazio ma anche luogo e contesto diventano l’occasione per stabilire un legame profondo tra il non finito del memoriale e quello del progetto di Viganò realizzando un luogo della spiritualità, previsto ma mai realizzato, in grado di stimolare l’interpretazione individuale e la presa di coscienza, trasformando gli spettatori in autori dell’esperienza stessa.
Oltremare: 35°30'01.7"N 12°36’19.4"E
Authors: D'Erchia Annalucia , Milani Giorgio
Published: September 2024

La possibilità di interpretare il tema del monumento/memoriale nel Mediterraneo immaginandolo come un luogo collettivo, una nuova piazza, centro di vita, di incontro, di accoglienza e di dialogo per la città di Lampedusa ha condotto le scelte e il lavoro condiviso che si presenta. Come un fregio ininterrotto, una successione di segni grafici e lettere - negli alfabeti e nelle lingue che abitano il nostro mare - si rincorre, riordinandosi in parole, e poi in frasi, periodi e storie, lungo un basso podio, bucato. Un’alta seduta, che si adagia su un foglio d’acqua che, interrogandosi sulla misura dello spazio del belvedere cerca relazioni con la città, riconoscendone legami e assecondandone le regole, immaginando, una stanza senza tetto, sulla terra ferma, sicura ma protesa verso il mare.
Fata Morgana
Authors: Martinazzo Francesco , Sganzerla Pietro
Published: September 2024

«Se il punto non differisce dal corpo, il centro da la circonferenza, il finito da l'infinito, il massimo dal minimo, sicuramente possiamo affermare che l’universo è tutto centro, o che il centro de l'universo è per tutto, e che la circonferenza non è in parte alcuna per quanto è differente dal centro, o pur che la circonferenza è per tutto, ma il centro non si trova in quanto che è differente da quella» (Bruno 1584). Se l’infinito è fatto di infiniti punti, ogni punto ne è anche il centro. In ogni “mito di fondazione” vi è infatti l’affermazione della centralità di un determinato luogo. Così il tema del monumento viene qui interpretato come imago mundi, o anche axis mundi: esso consiste in un approdo galleggiante a simboleggiare la ricucitura tra “arcaico” e “moderno”, “razionale” e “irrazionale”.
Antimonumento
Authors: Formato Giulia , Scudellaro Corrado , Serra Bellini Lorenzo , Sacco Beatrice
Published: September 2024

Il progetto per un memoriale al Climat de France di Algeri comporta la lettura, scomposizione e ricomposizione delle forme archetipiche dell’edificio di Fernand Pouillon. Dagli elementi dati e riconosciuti, l’obiettivo è creare una nuova composizione formale contenuta all’interno della corte, cuore della comunità che abita l’edificio. Il posizionamento nel centro della monumentale piazza delle Duecento Colonne riporta lo spazio nella vita quotidiana degli abitanti: il memoriale non è oggetto di contemplazione, ma elemento spaziale accessibile, vivo e malleabile, in cui i fruitori lasciano il loro segno con la continua riappropriazione dello spazio. Il progetto è un anti-monumento, ribaltando il rapporto oggetto/osservatore attraverso una lettura archeologica dell’architettura.
La simmetria del non speculare
Authors: Villata Maurizio , Delle Monache Paolo
Published: September 2024

Il progetto di un monumento-memoriale per l’ex-Istituto minorile Marchiondi-Spagliardi di Vittoriano Viganò si è sviluppato a partire dalla volontà di configurarsi come esaltazione simbolica ed espressione evocativa di quelle parti dell’Istituto, come la chiesa o la palestra-teatro, progettate da Viganò ma mai realizzate. L’obiettivo è stato quello di definire un extra-luogo in grado di accogliere sia il ruolo attivo dell’osservatore che vive e percorre questi spazi, sia il suo atto contemplativo rivolto ad una presenza scultorea diffusa nelle aree ancora libere del sito. Il teatro all’aperto con i propilei e le sculture definiscono un nuovo spazio urbano, esito di un processo progettuale articolato su cinque punti fondamentali: il bosco, le sculture, un extra-luogo, il verde, la comunicazione.
A new method for evaluating radial neck fractures based on Judet classification
Authors: Wang Yi C. , Song Jiao J. , Li Ting T. , Yang Dan , Lv Zhi B. , Wang Zhen Y. , Zhang Zi M. , Luo Yi
Published: September 2024

Aims

To propose a new method for evaluating paediatric radial neck fractures and improve the accuracy of fracture angulation measurement, particularly in younger children, and thereby facilitate planning treatment in this population.

Methods

Clinical data of 117 children with radial neck fractures in our hospital from August 2014 to March 2023 were collected. A total of 50 children (26 males, 24 females, mean age 7.6 years (2 to 13)) met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Cases were excluded for the following reasons: Judet grade I and Judet grade IVb (> 85° angulation) classification; poor radiograph image quality; incomplete clinical information; sagittal plane angulation; severe displacement of the ulna fracture; and Monteggia fractures. For each patient, standard elbow anteroposterior (AP) view radiographs and corresponding CT images were acquired. On radiographs, Angle P (complementary to the angle between the long axis of the radial head and the line perpendicular to the physis), Angle S (complementary to the angle between the long axis of the radial head and the midline through the proximal radial shaft), and Angle U (between the long axis of the radial head and the straight line from the distal tip of the capitellum to the coronoid process) were identified as candidates approximating the true coronal plane angulation of radial neck fractures. On the coronal plane of the CT scan, the angulation of radial neck fractures (CTa) was measured and served as the reference standard for measurement. Inter- and intraobserver reliabilities were assessed by Kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results

Angle U showed the strongest correlation with CTa (p < 0.001). In the analysis of inter- and intraobserver reliability, Kappa values were significantly higher for Angles S and U compared with Angle P. ICC values were excellent among the three groups.

Conclusion

Angle U on AP view was the best substitute for CTa when evaluating radial neck fractures in children. Further studies are required to validate this method.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(9):964–969.
The current role of CT in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Mancino Fabio , Fontalis Andreas , Kayani Babar , Magan Ahmed , Plastow Ricci , Haddad Fares S.
Published: September 2024

Advanced 3D imaging and CT-based navigation have emerged as valuable tools to use in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), for both preoperative planning and the intraoperative execution of different philosophies of alignment. Preoperative planning using CT-based 3D imaging enables more accurate prediction of the size of components, enhancing surgical workflow and optimizing the precision of the positioning of components. Surgeons can assess alignment, osteophytes, and arthritic changes better. These scans provide improved insights into the patellofemoral joint and facilitate tibial sizing and the evaluation of implant-bone contact area in cementless TKA. Preoperative CT imaging is also required for the development of patient-specific instrumentation cutting guides, aiming to reduce intraoperative blood loss and improve the surgical technique in complex cases. Intraoperative CT-based navigation and haptic guidance facilitates precise execution of the preoperative plan, aiming for optimal positioning of the components and accurate alignment, as determined by the surgeon’s philosophy. It also helps reduce iatrogenic injury to the periarticular soft-tissue structures with subsequent reduction in the local and systemic inflammatory response, enhancing early outcomes. Despite the increased costs and radiation exposure associated with CT-based navigation, these many benefits have facilitated the adoption of imaged based robotic surgery into routine practice. Further research on ultra-low-dose CT scans and exploration of the possible translation of the use of 3D imaging into improved clinical outcomes are required to justify its broader implementation.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(9):892–897.
The effect of intra-articular autologous protein solution on knee osteoarthritis symptoms
Authors: Ross Marla , Zhou Yushy , English Michael , Sharplin Paul , Hirner Marc
Published: September 2024

Aims

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by a chronic inflammatory process involving multiple cytokine pathways, leading to articular cartilage degeneration. Intra-articular therapies using pharmaceutical or autologous anti-inflammatory factors offer potential non-surgical treatment options. Autologous protein solution (APS) is one such product that uses the patient’s blood to produce a concentrate of cells and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This study evaluated the effect of a specific APS intra-articular injection (nSTRIDE) on patient-reported outcome measures compared to saline in moderate knee OA.

Methods

A parallel, double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial was conducted, where patients with unilateral moderate knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2 or 3) received either nSTRIDE or saline (placebo) injection to their symptomatic knee. The primary outcome was the difference in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score at 12 months post-intervention. Secondary outcomes included WOMAC component scores, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at all follow-up timepoints (three, six, and 12 months).

Results

A total of 40 patients were analyzed (21 nSTRIDE; 19 saline) in the study. No significant difference was found between nSTRIDE and saline groups for WOMAC total score at 12 months (mean difference -10.4 (95% CI -24.4 to 3.6; p = 0.141). There were no significant differences in WOMAC or KOOS scores across all timepoints. VAS scores favoured the saline group for both rest and worst pain scales at 12 months post-injection (mean difference (worst) 12 months 21.5 (95% CI 6.2 to 36.8; p = 0.008); mean difference (rest) 12 months 17.8 (95% CI 2.2 to 33.4; p = 0.026)). There were no adverse events recorded in either study group.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrates no significant differences between nSTRIDE and saline groups in KOOS and WOMAC scores over time. Notably, APS injection resulted in significantly worse pain symptoms at 12 months compared to saline injection.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(9):907–915.
Biologics in rotator cuff repair
Authors: Savoie III Felix H. , Delvadia Bela P. , Tate Jackson P. , Winter Julianna E. , Williams Garrett H. , Sherman William F. , O’Brien Michael J.
Published: September 2024

Rotator cuff tears are common in middle-aged and elderly patients. Despite advances in the surgical repair of rotator cuff tears, the rates of recurrent tear remain high. This may be due to the complexity of the tendons of the rotator cuff, which contributes to an inherently hostile healing environment. During the past 20 years, there has been an increased interest in the use of biologics to complement the healing environment in the shoulder, in order to improve rotator cuff healing and reduce the rate of recurrent tears. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the current evidence for the use of forms of biological augmentation when repairing rotator cuff tears.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(9):978–985.
Guanylate cyclase promotes osseointegration by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation in aged rats with iron overload
Authors: Tao Zhou-Shan , Shen Cai-Liang
Published: September 2024

Aims

This study intended to investigate the effect of vericiguat (VIT) on titanium rod osseointegration in aged rats with iron overload, and also explore the role of VIT in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.

Methods

In this study, 60 rats were included in a titanium rod implantation model and underwent subsequent guanylate cyclase treatment. Imaging, histology, and biomechanics were used to evaluate the osseointegration of rats in each group. First, the impact of VIT on bone integration in aged rats with iron overload was investigated. Subsequently, VIT was employed to modulate the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and RAW264.7 cells under conditions of iron overload.

Results

Utilizing an OVX rat model, we observed significant alterations in bone mass and osseointegration due to VIT administration in aged rats with iron overload. The observed effects were concomitant with reductions in bone metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation. To elucidate whether these effects are associated with osteoclast and osteoblast activity, we conducted in vitro experiments using MC3T3-E1 cells and RAW264.7 cells. Our findings indicate that iron accumulation suppressed the activity of MC3T3-E1 while enhancing RAW264.7 function. Furthermore, iron overload significantly decreased oxidative stress levels; however, these detrimental effects can be mitigated by VIT treatment.

Conclusion

Collectively, our data provide compelling evidence that VIT has the potential to reverse the deleterious consequences of iron overload on osseointegration and bone mass during ageing.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(9):427–440.
Health-related quality of life and mental health in patients with major bone and joint infections
Authors: Wetzel Katinka , Clauss Martin , Joeris Alexander , Kates Stephen , Morgenstern Mario
Published: September 2024

Aims

It is well described that patients with bone and joint infections (BJIs) commonly experience significant functional impairment and disability. Published literature is lacking on the impact of BJIs on mental health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the impact on mental health in patients with BJIs.

Methods

The AO Trauma Infection Registry is a prospective multinational registry. In total, 229 adult patients with long-bone BJI were enrolled between 1 November 2012 and 31 August 2017 in 18 centres from ten countries. Clinical outcome data, demographic data, and details on infections and treatments were collected. Patient-reported outcomes using the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36), Parker Mobility Score, and Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living were assessed at one, six, and 12 months. The SF-36 mental component subscales were analyzed and correlated with infection characteristics and clinical outcome.

Results

The SF-36 physical component summary mean at baseline was 30.9 (95% CI 29.7 to 32.0). At one month, it was unchanged (30.5; 95% CI 29.5 to 31.5; p = 0.447); it had improved statistically significantly at six months (35.5; 95% CI 34.2 to 36.7; p < 0.001) and at 12 months (37.9; 95% CI 36.4 to 39.3; p < 0.001). The SF-36 mental component summary mean at baseline was 42.5 (95% CI 40.8 to 44.2). At one month, it was unchanged (43.1; 95% CI 41.4 to 44.8; p = 0.458); it had improved statistically significantly at six months (47.1; 95% CI 45.4 to 48.7; p < 0.001) and at 12 months (46.7; 95% CI 45.0 to 48.5; p < 0.001). All mental subscales had improved by the end of the study, but mental health status remained compromised in comparison with the average USA population.

Conclusion

BJIs considerably impact HRQoL, particularly mental health. Patients suffering from BJIs reported considerable limitations in their daily and social activities due to psychological problems. Impaired mental health may be explained by the chronic nature of BJIs, and therefore the mental wellbeing of these patients should be monitored closely.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(9):721–728.
The Quasi-self-dual, Right LCD and ACD codes over a noncommutative non-unital ring
Authors: Kushwaha Anup , Yadav Shikha , Prakash Om
Published: September 2024

This paper presents the study of QSD (quasi-self-dual), right-LCD (linear complementary dual), and ACD (additive complementary dual) codes over a noncommutative local ring $R= \langle a,b ~|~ 3a =3b=0,~ a^2=a,~ b^2=b,~ ab=b,~ ba=a \rangle$ of order $9$. Initially, over this ring $R$, we introduce QSD codes and characterize their multilevel construction. Then, we delve into the study of right LCD codes over the ring $R$ and demonstrate a method for constructing these codes based on ternary LCD codes. Finally, we introduce the right-ACD codes over this ring and present several criteria for the existence of such codes.
Masquelet Technique Combined with Ilizarov External Fixator, Reamer-irrigator-aspirator, and Flap Transplantation in an Open Tibial Fracture: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pôle Hospitalier Jolimont, Réseau HELORA, Haine-Saint-Paul, Belgium., Pestiaux Kenny , Carlier François ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pôle Hospitalier Jolimont, Réseau HELORA, Haine-Saint-Paul, Belgium.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The induced membrane technique was initially described by Masquelet in 1986 as a treatment for tibia non-union. It then became an established method in the management of bone defects. A critical bone defect is defined by a gap larger than 25 mm, and so, has a higher probability of non-union. Many techniques have been described to resolve this problem such as segmental bone transport, free vascular fibula graft, non-vascular fibula graft, autogenous graft, or megaprothesis. Case Report: We present the case of a 37-year-old woman who presented a multi-fragmentary open fracture of the tibia and fibula bilaterally (Gustilo-Anderson III) after a high-velocity car accident. Conclusion: The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the use of a hybrid procedure combining the Masquelet technique with the Ilizarov external fixator and reamer-irrigator-aspirator can be an effective way to treat bone defect in an open tibial fracture classified as a Gustilo-Anderson III. Keywords: Masquelet technique, open tibia fracture, Ilizarov external fixator, reamer-irrigator-aspirator, bone defect
Soft-tissue Chondroma Masquerading as Chondroid Syringoma – A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India,, Sami Abdus , Jain Vijay Kumar ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India,, Khan Nirupma P ,   Department of Pathology, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India,, Jeyaraman Naveen ,   Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Jeyaraman Madhan ,   Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Soft-tissue chondromas are rare, benign cartilaginous tumors predominantly affecting the extremities, often diagnosed in middle-aged individuals without a clear sex predilection. Despite their benign nature, these tumors can pose significant diagnostic challenges due to their slow growth, asymptomatic nature, and potential for mimicking other soft-tissue tumors. Case Report: We report a case of a 27-year-old male with an 8-year history of a progressively enlarging mass on the dorsal aspect of the second toe of the left foot, leading to pain, difficulty in walking, and wearing shoes. Initial clinical examination revealed a firm, non-tender swelling with hypoesthesia over the affected area. Radiographic findings suggested a soft-tissue mass with stippled calcification, while magnetic resonance imaging indicated a large altered signal intensity lesion abutting but not arising from the bone. Fine needle aspiration cytology hinted at a benign mixed tumor/chondroid syringoma. An excisional biopsy was performed, revealing a well-circumscribed tumor with lobules of mature hyaline cartilage, consistent with a diagnosis of soft-tissue chondroma. Post-operative period recovery was uneventful except for local flap necrosis which was managed with skin grafting. There was no recurrence at the 1-year follow-up. Conclusion: Soft-tissue chondromas, while rare and benign, can significantly impact patients’ quality of life. Correct diagnosis, involving a comprehensive evaluation and histopathological confirmation, is crucial for effective management and prevention of unnecessary interventions. This case adds valuable insight into the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies for soft-tissue chondromas. Keywords: Chondroma, chondroid syringoma, cartilaginous, soft tissue.
Condition and zonation of mangrove ecosystems in the small islands around the area crossed by the equatorial line of North Maluku Province
Authors: Najamuddin Najamuddin , Baksir Abdurrachman , Akbar Nebuchadnezzar , Ismail Firdaut , Siolimbona Abdul Ajiz , Arafat Dondy , Paembonan Rustam E , Kotta Raismin , Subhan Beginer , Tahir Irmalita , Natih Nyoman MN , Wibowo Eko S , Marus Ikbal , Nurjaya I Wayan , Bengen Dietriech Geoffrey
Published: September 2024

The South Halmahera Islands feature a comprehensive marine coastal ecology. The ecosystems found were seagrass, mangrove and coral reef ecosystems. The components that sustain the existence of this ecosystem are employed equitably because of its geographical location on the equator. Mangrove ecosystems that provide benefits directly and indirectly to the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the mangrove ecosystem based on the hemispherical photography method and the type of zonation. Tawabi Island, Kayoa, South Halmahera Regency served as the site of the equator research. The research station is determined as many as 3 stations. Mangrove percent cover canopy using the hemispherical photography and transect quadrant for density. Field data gathering procedures with transects drawn perpendicular from the sea to the land. Zonation characteristics and thickness using zone tracking. Density mangrove using ecology analysis and zonation using canvas 9.0. The results of the research founded were Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia alba. Mangrove percent cover canopy were good category (75-81%), where station I (75%), station II (81%) and station III (77%). Station I having 600 trees per ha, station II having 500 trees per ha, and station III having 400 trees per ha (low density category). Mangroves were found in 3 zones Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata. The mangrove thickness from sea to land at station I (65 meters), station II (69 meters) and station III (42 meters).Keywords:biodiversitycoastalequator lineHalmaheratropical
Enhancing fish waste quality through silage production: a review
Authors: Andriani Yuli - , Pratama Rusky I , Wiyatna Muhamad Fatah , Shobihah Hasna Nabila
Published: September 2024

The untapped potential of fish processing production waste as a source of fish feed ingredients makes it a promising resource due to its widespread availability. This study aims to evaluate the process of producing fish waste silage through probiotic fermentation to assess the resulting quality post-fermentation. Employing an exploratory descriptive method, this research draws from diverse literature sources, encompassing books, national journals, and international publications. The comparison of findings from prior research indicates that fermenting fish waste with microbes, particularly lactic acid bacteria, enhances its protein content, positively impacting fish growth performance. Introducing silage at a 10% dose achieves a tilapia survival rate of 83.33%, while a 25% silage addition yields a relative growth rate of 222.63% for catfish and a feed conversion ratio of 1.06 for tilapia.Keywords:FermentationFish wasteFish silageLactic acid bacteria
Front Matter
Authors: Setiawan Ichsan
Published: September 2024

https://jurnal.usk.ac.id/depik/about/editorialTeam
Memoir, Utopia, and Belonging in the Postcolony: Akash Kapur’s Better to Have Gone
Authors: Twidle Hedley
Published: September 2024

Abstract: In Better to Have Gone (2021), the nonfiction writer Akash Kapur weaves together memoir and a history of Auroville, an intentional community or “living laboratory” in Tamil Nadu, southern India. My essay considers how this family biography grapples with what the historian Jessica Namakkal calls “the paradox of a postcolonial utopia,” as Kapur’s personal quest to understand the deaths of two founding members of Auroville widens into a reflection on twentieth-century utopianism and its discontents. At the heart of the work, I suggest, lies the challenge of a secular response to spiritually motivated lives: how can a biographer take seriously the experiences of those whose beliefs he does not share (or might find objectionable, even laughable)?
Femtosecond lasers for high productivity
Authors: Bruneel David , Patars Jérôme , Decultot Marc , Petit Céline , Henrottin Anne
Published: September 2024

The exponential rise of femtosecond lasers average power are facing the limit of materials. We present solutions to manage this power and pave the way for high productivity in laser manufacturing.
Ultra-Compact Inverse-Designed Photonic Hadamard Transform
Authors: Khurana Arjun , Slaby Joel B. , Thomas Varghese A. , Hammond Alec M. , Ralph Stephen E.
Published: September 2024

Ultra-compact photonic components enable massive scalability of optical networks on chip. We design, fabricate, and measure an ultra-compact (4 μm x 4 μm footprint) inverse designed phase-sensitive Hadamard transform.
A Hybrid Time-Amplitude Analog MAC Circuit with Silicon Nitride Electro-Photonics
Authors: Karempudi Venkata Sai Praneeth , Thakkar Ishan G , Woods Justin , Hastings Jeffrey Todd
Published: September 2024

We report a silicon nitride microring resonator (MRR) based electro-photonic circuit that utilizes pulse width-amplitude modulated signals to perform a temporal dot-product operation between two large vectors (up to 10,000 elements each) with >8-bit accuracy and precision.
Mode-Locking in active PT-symmetric dimers
Authors: Yelo-Sarrión Jesús , Leo François , Pierre-Gorza Simon
Published: September 2024

We experimentally demonstrate mode-locking in a parity-time symmetric laser made of two coupled ring resonators, one experiencing loss and the other gain. This versatile concept opens the way to new laser architectures for pulse generation.
Power-Efficient Transceivers for Scalable High-performance Free-space Optical Communications
Authors: Caplan D. O. , Shapiro J. H.
Published: September 2024

Power-efficiency, flexibility, and performance are important technical drivers for scalable long-distance free-space optical communication networks. Candidate agile WDM-scalable transmitter technologies and compatible receivers that support many modulation options and rates with exceptional sensitivities are presented.
Finding meaning in chronic illness and its relationship to psychological well-being: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Purc-Stephenson Rebecca J. , Edwards Rachel
Published: September 2024

Several theories propose that health-related adversity threatens an individual’s worldviews, goals, and sense of purpose, which motivates them to search for meaning. This process is believed to lead to positive adjustment and personal growth. The purpose of our study was to (a) examine whether a health-related adversity motivated a search for meaning, (b) explore the ways individuals made sense of their health-related adversity, and (c) examine whether meaning making was related to acceptance, subjective well-being (positive affect, negative affect, satisfaction with life), and posttraumatic growth (PTG). Using a mixed-methods design, we collected data from 317 adults diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Participants completed a survey online. The survey included a set of validated measures that assessed acceptance, psychological adjustment, and PTG, as well as several open-ended questions. Approximately 85% of participants reported asking why me? Of those who reported that they found meaning, our thematic analysis revealed five meaning-making themes: catalyst for personal growth, self-blame, divine intervention, genetics, and chance. Our profile analysis compared three meaning-making groups (i.e., found meaning, still searching, found no meaning/not searching) and revealed that individuals who found meaning reported more positive affect and perceived more PTG than individuals still searching or who had not found meaning. Our data support theories of growth that suggest meaning making plays an important role in adjusting to adversity. We discuss cognitive and narrative-type therapeutic approaches that rehabilitation counselors could apply when supporting individuals coping with chronic illnesses.
Determinants of unmet need for contraceptive method among young married women in Ethiopia: Multilevel analysis of Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016
Authors: Turi Ebisa , Mamo Ayana Galana , Temesgen Sidise , Tafari Shama Adisu , Merga Bedasa Taye , Tolossa Tadesse
Published: September 2024

Background

The notion of unmet need for family planning indicates the gap between women’s contraceptive practice and their reproductive intention. Although universal access to sexual and reproductive health services including contraceptive methods is a bedrock for sustainable development goals, the unmet need for contraception is high among young women in low-income countries including Ethiopia. The unmet need for contraception is associated with unintended pregnancy which most of the time end in unsafe abortion. Hence, this study aimed to assess the determinants of unmet need for family planning among young married women in Ethiopia using nationally representative data.

Method

This study utilized secondary data collected in the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). A two-stage cluster sampling method was used. The analysis included a total of 2444 sexually active married young women (15–24 years). Multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify individual and community level factors associated with unmet need for contraceptives and the results were presented as adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI), declaring statistical significance at a p-value <0.05 in all analyses.

Results

In this study, the prevalence of unmet need for contraceptive method among married young women was 18.4% [95% CI: (16.9, 20.0)]. Female head of the household [AOR: 1.62, CI (1.25, 2.11)], primary level of education [AOR: 1.53, CI: (1.16, 2.03)], family size ≥5 [AOR: 1.53, 95%CI: (1.22, 1.93)], undecided to have child [AOR: 2.86, 95%CI: (1.58, 5.20)] and infecund [AOR: 1.54, 95%CI: (1.08, 2.20)] were factors positively associated with unmet need for family planning. Whereas the odds of unmet need for contraceptive method was lower among women-initiated sex between 15–17 years and >17 years [AOR:0.72, 95%CI (0.53, 0.98)] and [AOR: 0.58, 95%CI: (0.40, 0.85)] respectively and community with high proportion of poverty [AOR: 0.68, 95%CI: (0.46, 0.99)].

Conclusion

The prevalence of unmet need for contraceptive methods among young married women was relatively high. Being female household head, age at first sexual intercourse, educational status of the woman, family size, desire for more children, and community poverty were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning. Hence, interventions targeting these special populations at the individual and community level would play a paramount role in meeting the unmet need for contraception among young married women in Ethiopia.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare workers on infection prevention and control in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wubneh Chalachew Adugna , Mekonnen Birye Dessalegn , Alemu Tewodros Getaneh , Techane Masresha Asmare , Assimamaw Nega Tezera , Belay Getaneh Mulualem , Tamir Tadesse Tarik , Muhye Addis Bilal , Kassie Destaye Guadie , Wondim Amare , Terefe Bewuketu , Tarekegn Bethelihem Tigabu , Ali Mohammed Seid , Fentie Beletech , Gonete Almaz Tefera , Tekeba Berhan , Kassa Selam Fisiha , Desta Bogale Kassahun , Ayele Amare Demsie , Dessie Melkamu Tilahun , Atalell Kendalem Asmare
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Infectious diseases remain the leading causes of death in low and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. The existence of emerging, re-emerging, and drug-resistant infectious agents maximizes the importance of infection prevention and control. Healthcare workers are the key actors in the prevention and control of infection. As a result assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare workers toward infection prevention and control is very critical in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare providers toward infection prevention in Ethiopia.

Method

PubMed, Scopus, SEMANTIC SCHOLAR, Google Scholar, and Addis Ababa University Digital Library were systematically searched for relevant literature until November 18/2023. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute quality appraisal tool. Data were abstracted using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using STATA version 11. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence. Heterogeneity among reported studies was assessed by Forest plot, Cochran’s Q-statistics, and I2 test. Publication bias was checked using funnel plots, and Egger’s regression test. In addition, sub-group and sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Result

A total of 7,681 articles were retrieved of which 19 studies with 5,650 healthcare workers were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. About 74.5% (95% CI, 65.88, 83.12), 66.71% (95% CI 55.15, 78.28), and 55.2% (95% CI 48.22, 62.18) of healthcare workers were knowledgeable, had positive attitudes, and good standard of practice on infection prevention respectively.

Conclusion

Despite acceptable knowledge and attitude, about half of the healthcare workers have unsafe infection prevention and control practices in Ethiopia. Hence, serious attention should be given to healthcare workers’ application of infection prevention standards in their working environment.
Metabolic syndrome predictive modelling in Bangladesh applying machine learning approach
Authors: Hossain Md Farhad , Hossain Shaheed , Akter Mst. Nira , Nahar Ainur , Liu Bowen , Faruque Md Omar
Published: September 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interconnected metabolic risk factors, including abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, and elevated fasting blood glucose levels, that result in an increased risk of heart disease and stroke. In this research, we aim to identify the risk factors that have an impact on MetS in the Bangladeshi population. Subsequently, we intend to construct predictive machine learning (ML) models and ultimately, assess the accuracy and reliability of these models. In this particular study, we utilized the ATP III criteria as the basis for evaluating various health parameters from a dataset comprising 8185 participants in Bangladesh. After employing multiple ML algorithms, we identified that 27.8% of the population exhibited a prevalence of MetS. The prevalence of MetS was higher among females, accounting for 58.3% of the cases, compared to males with a prevalence of 41.7%. Initially, we identified the crucial variables using Chi-Square and Random Forest techniques. Subsequently, the obtained optimal variables are employed to train various models including Decision Trees, Random Forests, Support Vector Machines, Extreme Gradient Boosting, K-nearest neighbors, and Logistic Regression. Particularly we employed the ATP III criteria, which utilizes the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) as an anthropometric index for diagnosing abdominal obesity. Our analysis indicated that Age, SBP, WHtR, FBG, WC, DBP, marital status, HC, TGs, and smoking emerged as the most significant factors when using Chi-Square and Random Forest analyses. However, further investigation is necessary to evaluate its precision as a classification tool and to improve the accuracy of all classifiers for MetS prediction.
Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in the clinical emergency: A prospective cohort study at a high-complexity public university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Azevedo Flávia Barros de , Samaan Farid , Zanetta Dirce Maria Trevisan , Yu Luis , Velasco Irineu Tadeu , Burdmann Emmanuel de Almeida
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Southern Hemisphere countries have been underrepresented in epidemiological studies on acute kidney injury (AKI). The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI in adult hospitalized patients from the emergency department of a public high-complexity teaching hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods

Observational and prospective study. AKI was defined by the KDIGO guidelines (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) using only serum creatinine.

Results

Among the 731 patients studied (age: median 61 years, IQR 47–72 years; 55% male), 48% had hypertension and 28% had diabetes as comorbidities. The frequency of AKI was 52.1% (25.9% community-based AKI [C-AKI] and 26.3% hospital-acquired AKI [H-AKI]). Dehydration, hypotension, and edema were found in 29%, 15%, and 15% of participants, respectively, at hospital admission. The in-hospital and 12-month mortality rates of patients with vs. without AKI were 25.2% vs. 11.1% (p<0.001) and 36.7% vs. 12.9% (p<0.001), respectively. The independent risk factors for C-AKI were chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic liver disease, age, and hospitalization for cardiovascular disease. Those for H-AKI were CKD, heart failure as comorbidities, hypotension, and edema at hospital admission. H-AKI was an independent risk factor for death in the hospital, but not at 12 months. C-AKI was not a risk factor for death.

Conclusions

AKI occurred in more than half of the admissions to the clinical emergency department of the hospital and was equally distributed between C-AKI and H-AKI. Many patients had correctable risk factors for AKI, such as dehydration and arterial hypotension (44%) at admission. The only independent risk factor for both C-AKI and H-AKI was CKD as comorbidity.