bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced mechanical performance and wettability of PHBV fiber blends with evening primrose oil for skin patches improving hydration and comfort
Authors: Kaniuk Łukasz , Podborska Agnieszka , Stachewicz Urszula
Published: March 2022

The growing problem of skin diseases due to allergies causing atopic dermatitis, which is characterized by itching, burning, and redness, constantly motivates researchers to look for solutions to soothe these effects by moisturizing skin properly.
Highly stable and efficient tandem white light emitting diodes based on efficient electron injection and transport
Authors: Wei Huaixin , Zhang Rong , Huang Guangyao , Lv Chengkui , Tang Jianxin
Published: March 2022

A detailed correlation between device performance and interface electronic structure has been investigated. n-Doped interlayer and tunable charge transport result in highly stable and efficient OLEDs.
Aggregation induced emission (AIE) active cross-linked poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-tetra(phenyl)ethene di-acrylates): sensors for effective nitroaromatics detection in an aqueous environment
Authors: Liu Feng , Ren Yi , Lau Hazel , Tang Ben Zhong , Zhou Hui
Published: March 2022

The fluorescence of AIE active polymer CP1-4 in water could be quenched by many nitroaromatics. The detection sensitivity of CP1-4 could be greatly improved to the levels as 0.25 ppm by a collapsing-swelling process.
Advancements in excited state absorption-based luminescence thermometry
Authors: Stefańska Joanna , Bednarkiewicz Artur , Marciniak Lukasz
Published: March 2022

Luminescence thermometry is attracting growing interest from the fundamental research community, which is further stimulated by the needs and challenges of other fields of science and technology.
Hydride transfer-initiated synthesis of 3-functionalized quinolines by deconstruction of isoquinoline derivatives
Authors: Mao Wenhui , Zhao He , Zhang Min
Published: March 2022

Under transition metal catalyst-free conditions, reported herein is a hydride transfer-initiated synthesis of novel 3-(2-aminomethyl)aryl quinolines by deconstruction of the isoquinolyl motif to serve as a two-carbon synthon.
Exchange of coordinated carboxylates with azolates as a route to obtain a microporous zinc–azolate framework
Authors: Fahy Kira M. , Mian Mohammad Rasel , Wasson Megan C. , Son Florencia A. , Islamoglu Timur , Farha Omar K.
Published: March 2022

A bistriazolate linker is exchanged for the carboxylate linker in Zn-MOF-74, tuning the coordination environment at the Zn(ii) node and resulting in the novel NU-250 framework with hexagonal channels.
Weakly-bound clusters of atmospheric molecules: infrared spectra and structural calculations of (CO2)n–(CO)m–(N2)p, (n,m,p) = (2,1,0), (2,0,1), (1,2,0), (1,0,2), (1,1,1), (1,3,0), (1,0,3), (1,2,1), (1,1,2)
Authors: Barclay A. J. , McKellar A. R. W. , Pietropolli Charmet A. , Moazzen-Ahmadi N.
Published: March 2022

Structural calculations and high-resolution infrared spectra are reported for trimers and tetramers containing CO2 together with CO and/or N2.
Significantly lowered activation energy in proton conductor by Mg substitution in a layered Ni metal–organic framework
Authors: Huang Bo , Tan Zhe
Published: March 2022

A metal–organic framework H2DAB-MgNi(ox)3 was synthesized with the homogeneous distribution of Mg and Ni. By Mg substitution, the H2DAB-MgNi(ox)3 showed enhanced proton conductivity compared to that of H2DAB-Ni2(ox)3 at 95% relative humidity.
Metal-free, atom and redox-economical construction of C–C bonds enabled by oligofluorene-containing hypercrosslinked polymers
Authors: Lan Feng , Zhou Cen , Huang Xiaozhou , An Bohang , Zhang Xiao
Published: March 2022

A metal-free, atom and redox-economical approach for the assembly of C–C bonds has been developed using oligofluorene-based hypercrosslinked polymers as the recoverable and reusable photocatalysts under visible-light irradiation.
An epidermal wearable microfluidic patch for simultaneous sampling, storage, and analysis of biofluids with counterion monitoring
Authors: Paul Kunnel Brince , Demuru Silvia
Published: March 2022

An epidermal, wearable bio-fluidic patch is demonstrated that facilitates simultaneous on-demand extraction, sampling, and storage of sweat and interstitial fluid (ISF) together with monitoring of their corresponding counterions.
Synthesis of acrylonitrile side chain-appended π-conjugated polymers by a Suzuki cross-coupling polycondensation and a Knoevenagel condensation, and their optical properties
Authors: Yamauchi Haruka , Nakabayashi Mahiro , Kawada Maiko , Hino Yuto , Inayama Syunya , Tanikubo Hiroki , Hayashi Shotaro
Published: March 2022

Acrylonitrile is a highly valuable unit for the design of donor–acceptor systems and luminescent π-conjugated molecular materials.
Th1, Th2 and Th17 inflammatory pathways synergistically predict cardiometabolic protein expression in serum of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Michels James R. , Nazrul Mohammad Shaheed , Adhikari Sudeep , Wilkins Dawn , Pavel Ana B.
Published: March 2022

A predominant source of complication in SARS-CoV-2 patients arises from a severe systemic inflammation that can lead to tissue damage and organ failure.
Eco-friendly functionalization of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with carbon dots towards reinforcement of the protective performance of water-borne epoxy coatings
Authors: Yu Yue , Cui Mingjun , Zheng Wenru , Zhao Haichao
Published: March 2022

A h-BN@CDs/WEP coating shows superior corrosion protection under intact or damaged status owing to the improved barrier properties and interfacial bonding of the coating.
Pore engineering of biomolecule-based metal–organic framework nanocarriers for improving loading and release of paclitaxel
Authors: Nguyen Linh Ho Thuy , Thi Dang Y. , Nguyen Trang Thi Thu , Le Bao Quang Gia , Mai Ngoc Xuan Dat , Nguyen Ha Van , Le Minh-Tri , Phan Thang Bach , Doan Tan Le Hoang
Published: March 2022

There has been growing interest in employing metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) incorporated with biomolecules, known as b-MOFs, in biomedical applications.
A new assembly of diiodine molecules at the 1,3-dimethylimidazole-2-thione (Me2ImS) template: crystal structure of (Me2ImS)2·(I2)5
Authors: Garau Alessandra , Aragoni M. Carla , Arca Massimiliano , Caltagirone Claudia , Demartin Francesco , Isaia Francesco , Lippolis Vito , Pivetta Tiziana
Published: March 2022

The poly(I2) adduct [(Me2ImS)2·(I2)5] has been synthesised using a two-step process. The FT-Raman spectrum and MEP maps are discussed.
Metal-free oxidative synthesis of benzimidazole compounds by dehydrogenative coupling of diamines and alcohols
Authors: Hu Jiaming , Li Mengjia , Wan Jing , Sun Jinnan , Gao Hu , Zhang Feng , Zhang Zhibing
Published: March 2022

A general catalytic protocol for the synthesis of substituted N-heterocycles by dehydrogenative coupling of diamines and alcohols.
Recent progress in the synthesis of pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines
Authors: Cui Hai-Lei
Published: March 2022

This review summarizes the recent advances in the research field of pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines synthesis covering from 2011 to 2021.
Methyl group configuration on acyclic threoninol nucleic acids (aTNAs) impacts supramolecular properties
Authors: Murayama Keiji , Kashida Hiromu , Asanuma Hiroyuki
Published: March 2022

We investigated the supramolecular properties of aTNAs and allo-aTNAs to unravel the role of the methyl group on the XNA scaffold.
Metallosupramolecular polymers as precursors for platinum nanocomposites
Authors: Cappelletti Claudio , Olaechea Luis M. , Ianiro Alessandro , Prado-Martínez Cristina , Oveisi Emad , Weder Christoph , Schrettl Stephen
Published: March 2022

Nanocomposites can be prepared from supramolecular polymers with zerovalent platinum complexes, and we now report how the employed polymer and metal concentration influences the nanoparticle formation and the composites’ properties.
A simple single jar “on–off fluorescence” designed system for the determination of mitoxantrone using an eosin Y dye in raw powder, vial, and human biofluids
Authors: Hamad Ahmed Abdulhafez , Ali Ramadan , Derayea Sayed M.
Published: March 2022

This work describes a green fluorescence on–off system that relies on establishing a simple ion association complex pairing the mitoxantrone antineoplastic drug with the eosin Y reagent in a slightly acidic solution.
Improvement strategies for quality defects and oxidation of pale, soft and exudative (PSE)-like chicken meat: effects of domestic cooking and core temperature
Authors: Yang Tianyi , Liu Rui , Yang Lun , Yang Wenxue , Li Keyue , Qin Man , Ge Qingfeng , Yu Hai , Wu Mangang , Zhou Xiaoyan
Published: March 2022

In practice, this study will help to better elucidate the relationship between oxidation profile and meat quality, and provide consumers with recommendations for consuming PSE-like meat.
Effect of hydrophilic block end groups and block junction on block copolymer self-assembly in solution
Authors: Ha Sungmin , Kim Kyoung Taek
Published: March 2022

Recent research suggests that the end groups of polymers can affect their self-assembly.
Improved UV sensitivity and charge transport in PTB7-Th:PC71BM solar cells doped with cadmium selenide quantum dots
Authors: Li Zicha , Song Dandan , Xu Zheng , Qiao Bo , Zhao Suling , Wageh S. , Al-Ghamdi Ahmed , Huo Xiaomin
Published: March 2022

CdSe QDs are incorporated into PTB7-Th:PC71BM organic solar cells, which convert the ultraviolet light to visible light to improve the photon harvesting efficiency and gather on the top of active layers and enhance the electron transport capacity.
A chiral smectic phase induced by an alternating external field
Authors: Chen Zi-Qin , Sun Yu-Wei , Zhu You-Liang , Li Zhan-Wei , Sun Zhao-Yan
Published: March 2022

Chiral helical structures are obtained for ellipsoids under alternating external fields.
Simple benzothiadiazole derivatives as buried interface materials towards efficient and stable n–i–p perovskite solar cells
Authors: Fan Naiyuan , Wang Yang , Zhang Cuiping , Zhu Guojie , Du Guozheng , Wei Kun , Deng Jidong , Luo Zhide , Yang Li , Zhang Jinbao
Published: March 2022

A series of organic benzothiadiazole (BT) derivatives as electron transport materials with simple synthesis and facile fabrication to modulate perovskite buried interfaces and charge collection efficiency in perovskite solar cells is reported.
Nickel nanoparticles wrapped in N-doped carbon nanostructures for efficient electrochemical reduction of NO to NH3
Authors: Muthusamy Tamilselvan , Sethuram Markandaraj Sridhar , Shanmugam Sangaraju
Published: March 2022

Metallic Ni nanoparticles wrapped with an N-doped carbon shell as a stable catalyst for the electrochemical reduction of NO to NH3 with high efficiency is described.
Ligand engineering of Au nanoclusters with multifunctional metalloporphyrins for photocatalytic H2O2production
Authors: Xue Qiang , Wang Ziping , Han Songjie , Liu Yong , Dou Xinyue , Li Yang , Zhu Haiguang , Yuan Xun
Published: March 2022

A molecular Au nanocluster (NC)-based photocatalyst was developed by chemically grafting the three-in-one function of Co-TCPP molecules for improved photocatalytic H2O2production.
A near-infrared polymer enables over 50% transmittance in semi-transparent organic solar cells
Authors: Wei Qingyun , Zhang Yi , Shan Tong , Zhong Hongliang
Published: March 2022

A semi-transparent organic solar cell achieves an over 50% average visible transmittance, which is attributed to the rational design of the polymer donor with extended absorption in the near-infrared region.
Achieving mechano-upconversion-downshifting-afterglow multimodal luminescence in Pr3+/Er3+ coactivated Ba2Ga2GeO7 for multidimensional anticounterfeiting
Authors: Pei Pengxiang , Liu Kui , Ju Zhenghua , Wei Ruiping , Liu Weisheng
Published: March 2022

A multimodal Pr3+/Er3+ coactivated Ba2Ga2GeO7 phosphor.
Identification of Theileria spp. and investigation of hematological profiles of their infections in goats in Hainan Island, China
Authors: Yang Lu , Wang Jin-Hua , Upadhyay Archana , Zhao Jian-Guo , Huang Liang-Yuan , Liao Cheng-Hong , Han Qian
Published: March 2022

Theileria spp. are a group of parasites primarily transmitted by ticks and can pose a significant threat to domestic and wild animals globally. The main objective of this study was to understand the epidemiology of Theileria spp. in goats of Hainan Island/province, which is the only tropical region of China, and to study their hematological profiles in naturally infected goats. A total of 464 blood samples were collected from randomly selected local adult goats (Capra hircus, local domestic breed with black hair), from six cities and eight counties of Hainan, from November 2017 to October 2020. Blood smear microscopy of the sample and a nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene combined with DNA sequencing were used to detect piroplasm infections in goats. Data analysis of the obtained sequences revealed that all the sequences were highly similar to the Theileria luwenshuni 18S rRNA gene sequence from the database. This result is consistent with the microscopic examination. In the hematological test, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin of the goats naturally infected with T. luwenshuni significantly increased, while mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) were significantly decreased. Results showed that T. luwenshuni could cause macrocytic, hypochromic anemia in goats. This study provides reliable and comprehensive information about the epidemiology of the parasite infections and hematological profile of the infected goats in Hainan, which encourages further investigations to develop practical control strategies for Theileria spp. infections in tropical areas.
Bildgebung in der zirrhotischen Leber – warum, wie und was ist LI-RADS?
Authors: Schreyer Andreas G. , Lüth Stefan , Ringe Kristina I.
Published: March 2022

Die Leberzirrhose als Endstadium einer chronischen Lebererkrankung ist eine häufige Diagnose, vor allem, wenn sie auf viralen Entzündungen und Alkoholabusus basiert. Ein umfassendes
Verständnis dieser Erkrankung sollte eine Voraussetzung für eine gute radiologische Diagnostik sein. Auch das LI-RADS-System, das bei Patienten mit hohem HCC-Risiko und Leberzirrhose
eingesetzt wird, sollte in einer strukturierten radiologischen Befundung Einzug halten.
Congenital Orbital Glial Heterotopia Associated with Clinicopathological Anophthalmia: A Case Report
Authors: Reyes-Godinez Natalia , Tamez-Tamez Veronica E. , Ruiz-Lozano Raul E. , Chavez-Cobian Stephania , Gonzalez-Murillo Eduardo , Villarreal-Reyes Lauro Arturo
Published: March 2022

Glial heterotopia (GH) is the presence of glial tissue outside the cranial cavity, without communication with the brain. The orbital location usually presents as eyelid swelling,
strabismus, and proptosis. This is considered a congenital location that usually presents at birth. Its association with anophthalmia is uncommon. We report the case of a 2-day-old male
neonate with left congenital intraorbital lesion presenting with massive proptosis. No eyeball could be seen. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a large and predominantly
cystic mass occupying and protruding from the left orbit without intracranial extension. In the operating theatre, a large amount of fluid was aspirated prior to total resection of the mass.
Chemical analysis of the fluid was compatible with cerebrospinal fluid. Histologically, the tumor was composed of mature neuroglial tissue and ependymal cells. Despite multiple sections, no
choroid plexus or intraocular content was found. The diagnosis of GH with anophthalmia was made.
Können digitale Instrumente wie die Makula-App die AMD-Therapie unterstützen?
Authors: Tripp Anke , Brink Sarah , Lemmen Klaus Dieter , Mussinghoff Peter , Pauleikhoff Daniel
Published: March 2022

Hintergrund Eine lang andauernde und kontinuierliche Anti-VEGF-Therapie ist bei der neovaskulären altersabhängigen Makuladegeneration (nAMD) der therapeutische „Goldstandard“, um
individuell das bestmögliche Sehvermögen zu erhalten. Das Management der Erkrankung bedeutet für Betroffene und Angehörige eine große Herausforderung. Dabei bleiben Real-Life-Ergebnisse von
Patienten unter der Anti-VEGF-Therapie (IVOM-Therapie) oft hinter denen aus randomisierten klinischen Studien zurück. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, zu untersuchen, ob digitale
Instrumente, wie die vom AMD-Netz entwickelte Makula-App 1.0, dies unterstützen können.

Patienten und Methoden Die Ergebnisse einer in die Makula-App 1.0 integrierten Nutzerbefragung (n = 110) sowie einer zusätzlichen direkten Befragung zum Thema „Digitales
Terminmanagement in der IVOM-Therapie“ von Augenärzten (n = 54) und Patienten (n = 60) werden bez. Nutzung und Akzeptanz der Makula-App analysiert.

Ergebnisse Die Befragungen ergaben, dass 79% der Nutzer den Informationen der Makula-App 1.0 vertrauen, 71% finden die App sowie das Terminmanagement hilfreich für den Alltag und 80%
der Nutzer würden die App weiterempfehlen. 52% der Augenärzte und 65% der Patienten sehen einen deutlichen Nutzen zukünftiger digitaler Tools für die Patientenadhärenz. Eine digitale
Terminmanagementfunktion bewerten auch 82% der Ärzte als wichtig.

Schlussfolgerungen Dem Einsatz der Makula-App 1.0 besonders beim Terminmanagement, aber auch als Informationstool, standen die Nutzer mehrheitlich positiv gegenüber, ebenso wie
möglichen Weiterentwicklungen. Auch Augenärzte sehen in digitalen Tools wie der Makula-App 1.0 ein wichtiges Instrument zur Verbesserung des Terminmanagements und der Patientenadhärenz.
Diese positiven Einschätzungen unterstützen die Sinnhaftigkeit der Entwicklung einer interaktiven Plattform Makula-App 2.0, die einen direkten Austausch zwischen Patienten und Augenarzt
ermöglichen kann.
Simulationstraining – mehr als nur ein Puppenspiel?
Authors: Henn Anna
Published: March 2022

Ein Aushang im Pausenraum: „Simulationstraining für Ärzte und Pflegende der Intensivstation“. Die Leitung der Intensivstation denkt an die personellen Ressourcen, die an diesem Tag nicht zur Verfügung stehen, und hat Probleme, die Schicht zu besetzen. Der Controller denkt an die hohe ökonomische Investition der Simulationspuppe und hofft, dass diese sich rentiert. Das pflegerische und ärztliche Personal hat Angst, Fehler zu machen und sich vor den anderen Kollegen und Vorgesetzten zu blamieren. Andere halten Simulationstrainings für überholt, da sie schon seit 15 Jahren diesen Job machen und wissen, was zu tun ist. So oder so ähnlich sind häufig die ersten Assoziationen, wenn es um das Simulationstraining geht. Doch was ist Simulationstraining genau und welchen Nutzen haben die Betriebe dadurch?
Signifikanz und Möglichkeiten des Übergabeprozesses in der Notaufnahme
Authors: Sauermann Phillip , Dormann Patrick , Szymanski Barbara
Published: March 2022

Für den komplexen Prozess der Übergabe von Patienten stehen verschiedene Schemata zur Verfügung. Sie alle wollen verhindern, dass wichtige Informationen nicht weitergegeben werden. Das Autorenteam hat sich mit Fokus auf die Notaufnahme die wichtigsten Schemata angesehen und miteinander verglichen.
Ausweg aus der Versorgungslücke: Voll
Krankenkassen-finanzierte konservative Adipositas-Therapie
Authors: Frenzel Sarah Victoria , Bach Sophie , Ahrens Swantje , Hellbardt Mario , Hilbert Anja , Stumvoll Michael , Fasshauer Mathias , Schlögl Haiko
Published: March 2022

Hintergrund Das Leipziger Adipositasmanagement ist das
deutschlandweit erste interdisziplinäre Therapieprogramm für
Patienten mit Adipositas Grad 2 und 3 mit einem langfristigen (i. e.,
4-jährigen) konservativen Behandlungsarm, welches über einen
Vertrag der integrierten Versorgung (IV) komplett durch eine gesetzliche
Krankenkasse finanziert wird. Die vorliegende Arbeit evaluiert die
Effektivität des ersten Abschnitts des Programms mit einer mittleren
Laufzeit von 72 Wochen.

Methoden Von 243 Personen wurden Gewicht, Körperumfänge
sowie ausgewählte metabolische und psychologische Parameter vor Beginn
(t0) und nach Abschluss des ersten Therapieabschnitts
(t1) erhoben. Das methodische Design entspricht einer
prospektiven Auswertung klinischer Real-World-Daten.

Ergebnisse Die Kosten pro Patient betrugen durchschnittlich 2022
€. Die Teilnehmer erreichten eine durchschnittliche Gewichtsreduktion
von 5 kg (95%-Konfidenzintervall (KI) 3,8–6,2) bzw.
4% (KI 3,1–4,9) des Ausgangsgewichts. Der
Hämoglobin-A1c-Wert reduzierte sich in der Gesamtkohorte von
5,9% auf 5,6% und bei Diabetes-mellitus-Patienten von
6,7% auf 6,2%. Weitere metabolische (z. B.
Low-density-Lipoprotein- und Gesamtcholesterin) sowie psychologische
(z. B. Lebensqualität) Parameter verbesserten sich ebenfalls
signifikant.

Schlussfolgerung Die vorliegenden Daten belegen unter
Real-World-Bedingungen, dass ein über einen IV-Vertrag voll
kassenfinanziertes Therapieprogramm bei Adipositas Grad 2 und 3 eine klinisch
relevante Gewichtsreduktion und damit verbundene metabolische Verbesserungen
erreicht. Das Leipziger Adipositasmanagement trägt zur
Schließung der Versorgungslücke, die aktuell für die
Adipositas-Therapie in Deutschland besteht, bei und verbessert die
Qualität der Angebote durch eine individuelle langjährige
Betreuung.
Recovery from Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury in a Prospective Cohort of First Births
Authors: Attanasio Laura B. , Ranchoff Brittany L. , Long Jaime B. , Kjerulff Kristen H.
Published: March 2022

Objective To identify risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) for primiparous women who gave birth vaginally and to compare recovery by OASIS status in three domains as follows: (1) physical health and functioning, (2) mental health, and (3) healthcare utilization.

Study Design This secondary analysis used data from 2,013 vaginal births in the First Baby Study, a prospective cohort study of women with first births between 2009 and 2011. Interview data at multiple time points were linked to birth certificate and hospital discharge data. The key exposure of interest was OASIS (3rd or 4th degree perineal laceration, identified in the hospital discharge data; n = 174) versus no OASIS (n = 1,839). We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the association between OASIS and a range of outcomes including physical health and functioning, depression, and health care utilization, assessed at 1 month and 6 months postpartum.

Results Eight percent of women had OASIS. In adjusted models, there were no differences in general physical health and functioning measures by OASIS (such as fatigue and overall self-rated health), but women with OASIS had higher rates of reporting perineal pain (p < 0.001), accidental stool loss (p = 0.001), and bowel problems (p < 0.001) at 1-month postpartum. By 6-month postpartum, there were no differences in reported physical health and functioning. There were no differences in probable depression at 1- or 6-month postpartum. Women with OASIS were more likely to attend a comprehensive postpartum visit, but there were no other differences in health care utilization by OASIS.

Conclusion Women with OASIS were at increased risk of accidental stool loss, bowel problems, and perineal pain in the immediate postpartum period. Women who had OASIS had similar physical functioning across a range of general health outcomes to women who gave birth vaginally without OASIS.

Key Points
The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Operative Complications in Patients undergoing Immediate Postpartum Tubal Ligation
Authors: Brown Jewel A. , Huff Mallorie L. , Arboleda Bianca L. , Louis Judette M.
Published: March 2022

Objective The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and complications for patients undergoing postpartum permanent contraception.

Study Design Retrospective cohort study of patients aged 18 or older who had a vaginal delivery at an academic hospital between 2011 and 2016 and underwent a postpartum tubal ligation during the delivery admission. There were three comparative groups: nonobese (BMI ≤ 29 kg/m2), obese (BMI 30–39 kg/m2), and morbidly obese BMI (≥40 kg/m2). The outcome of interest was composite operative complications which included any occurrence of an intraoperative, postoperative, or anesthesia complication.

Results A total of 921 patients were included for analysis. Average operative time was statistically longer for patients in the morbidly obese group (33 minutes) vs. the nonobese (25 minutes) and obese (29 minutes) groups (p < 0.0001). Composite complications were greater for the obese groups, but not statistically significant (5.1 vs. 6 vs. 16%, p = 0.06). Wound complications were significantly greater for the obese groups (0.8 vs. 1.5 vs. 5.5%, p = 0.01). A logistic regression model demonstrated that only operative time was predictive of operative complications.

Conclusion Overall complications of postpartum tubal complications are low; however, our study did demonstrate significantly longer operative time and wound complications for patients with obesity. The findings of our study indicate that postpartum permanent contraception can remain as an option for these patients. Further studies may help identify the best practices to decrease operative time and subsequent wound complications. This study contributes to the limited data regarding obesity and postpartum permanent contraception. We found increased operative time and wound complications for obese patients. Additional studies may identity best practices to decrease these complications. Given our findings of overall low operative complications, postpartum permanent contraception can remain an option for obese patients.
Assessing Clinically Meaningful Hypercoagulability after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Campello Elena , Bulato Cristiana , Simion Chiara , Spiezia Luca , Radu Claudia Maria , Gavasso Sabrina , Sartorello Francesca , Saggiorato Graziella , Zerbinati Patrizia , Fadin Mariangela , Tormene Daniela , Simioni Paolo
Published: March 2022

A large number of daily requests to exclude possible prothrombotic risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines were received. Our aim was to longitudinally evaluate coagulation profiles in a series of healthy subjects who received COVID-19 vaccination and assess hypercoagulability thereafter. Volunteers awaiting a first or second dose of either the ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2 vaccine were enrolled. Venous samples were obtained at baseline (before the vaccine) and longitudinally 3 ± 2 days (T1) and 10 ± 2 days after the vaccine (T2). Global coagulation monitoring was assessed via platelet count, whole blood thromboelastometry and impedance aggregometry, plasma thrombin generation, and anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin immunoglobulin G antibodies. One hundred and twenty-two subjects were enrolled (61 [50%] ChAdOx1 and 61 BNT162b2). The ChAdOx1 cohort showed a slight but transient increase in thrombin generation (mainly endogenous thrombin potential [ETP] with thrombomodulin and ETP ratio) at T1, which promptly decreased at T2. In addition, the second dose of either vaccine was associated with increased thrombin peak, ETP with thrombomodulin, and ETP ratio. At baseline, 3.2% of the ChAdOx1 cohort and 1.6% BNT162b2 cohort were positive for PF4/heparin antibodies with a stable titer through T1 and T2. No relevant differences were detected in platelet count and aggregation, or thromboelastometry parameters. No thrombotic or hemorrhagic events occurred. We can confirm that no clinically meaningful hypercoagulability occurred after either vaccine, albeit keeping in mind that thrombin generation may increase in the first days after the second dose of either vaccine and after the first dose of the ChAdOx1 vaccine.
Differences in Hemoglobin A1c during Pregnancy between Non-Hispanic Black versus White Women with Prepregnancy Diabetes
Authors: Venkatesh Kartik K. , Fareed Naleef , Kiefer Miranda K. , Ware Courtney A. , Buschur Elizabeth , Landon Mark B. , Thung Stephen F. , Costantine Maged M. , Gabbe Steven G. , Joseph Joshua J.
Published: March 2022

Objective The objective of this was to determine whether the change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from early to late pregnancy differs between non-Hispanic Black and White women with prepregnancy diabetes.

Study Design A retrospective analysis was performed from an integrated prenatal and diabetes care program from 2012 to 2016. We compared HbA1c as a continuous measure and secondarily, HbA1c <6.5%, cross-sectionally, and longitudinally in early (approximately 10 weeks) and late (approximately 31 weeks) pregnancies. Linear and logistic regression were used and adjusted for age, body mass index, White diabetes class, medication use, diabetes type, gestational age at baseline HbA1c measurement, and baseline hemoglobin.

Results Among 296 non-Hispanic Black (35%) and White pregnant women (65%) with prepregnancy diabetes (39% type 1 and 61% type 2), Black women were more likely to experience increased community-level social determinants of health as measured by the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and were less likely to have type 1 diabetes and have more severe diabetes versus White women (p < 0.05). Black women had higher mean HbA1c (7.8 vs. 7.4%; beta: 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30–1.19) and were less likely to have HbA1c < 6.5% at 10 weeks compared with White women (24 vs. 35%; adjusted odds ratio: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.24–0.81) but not after adjusting for SVI. At 31 weeks, both groups had similar mean HbA1c (both 6.5%) and were equally as likely to have HbA1c < 6.5% (57 vs. 54%). From early to late pregnancy, Black women had a higher percentage decrease in HbA1c (1.3 vs. 0.9%; beta = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.27–0.99) and were equally as likely to have an improvement or stable HbA1C < 6.5% from 10 to 31 weeks, with both groups having a similar mean HbA1c (6.5%) at 31 weeks.

Conclusion Despite experiencing greater community-level social determinants of health, Black women with pregestational diabetes had a larger reduction in HbA1c and were able to equally achieve the target of HbA1c < 6.5% by late pregnancy compared with White women as part of an integrated diabetes and prenatal care program.

Key Points
The Impact of Mode of Delivery on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes during Periviable Birth (22–25 Weeks)
Authors: Roeckner Jared T. , Peterson Erica , Rizzo Jennifer , Flores-Torres Jaime , Odibo Anthony O. , Duncan Jose R.
Published: March 2022

Objective The objective of our study was to compare the maternal and neonatal complications of periviable birth by the delivery route.

Study Design A retrospective cohort study of periviable deliveries (220/7–256/7weeks) from 2013 to 2020 at a tertiary teaching institution was conducted. Deliveries were grouped by the mode of delivery. Excluded deliveries included pregnancy termination, anomaly, or undesired neonatal resuscitation. The primary composite maternal outcome included death, intensive care admission, sepsis, surgical site infection, unplanned operation, or readmission. Secondary outcomes included maternal blood loss, length of stay, neonatal survival, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Outcomes were compared using Student's t-test, Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney and Chi-squared tests. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated with log-binomial regression. p-Values <0.05 were considered significant. Demographic and intervention variables associated with the outcome and the exposure were included in an adjusted relative risk (aRR) model. Subgroup analyses of singleton pregnancies and 220/7 to 236/7 weeks deliveries were conducted.

Results After exclusion, 230 deliveries were included in the cohort. Maternal characteristics were similar between cohorts. For the primary outcome, cesarean delivery was associated with a trend toward increased maternal morbidity (22.6 vs. 10.7%, RR = 2.11 [1.03–4.43], aRR = 1.95 [0.94–4.03], p-value 0.07). Administration of magnesium sulfate, antenatal corticosteroids, and tocolytics were similar between cohorts. Neonatal survival to discharge was not different between the groups (54/83, 65.1% vs. 118/191, 61.8%, aRR = 0.93 [0.77–1.13]). Among the 172 neonates discharged alive, there was no difference in BPD, IVH, NEC, PDA, ROP, or intact survival.

Conclusion Periviable birth has a high rate of maternal morbidity with a trend toward the highest risk among women undergoing cesarean delivery. These risks should be included in shared decision-making.

Key Points
Temporal Trends in Postpartum Opioid Prescribing, Opioid Use, and Pain Control Satisfaction
Authors: Badreldin Nevert , DiTosto Julia D. , Grobman William , Yee Lynn M.
Published: March 2022

Objective The objective was to assess temporal trends in postpartum opioid prescribing, opioid use, and pain control satisfaction.

Study Design This is a prospective observational study of postpartum patients who delivered at a large tertiary care center (May 2017–July 2019). Inpatient patients were screened for eligibility; those meeting eligibility criteria who used inpatient opioids were approached for prospective survey participation which probed inpatient and outpatient postpartum pain control. The amount of opioids used during inpatient hospitalization and the amount of opioids prescribed at discharge were obtained from medical records. The primary outcome was the difference in opioid prescribing at discharge over time, measured by (1) the proportion of participants who received an opioid prescription at discharge and (2) for those who received an opioid prescription, the total morphine milligram equivalents of the prescription. Additional outcomes were inpatient and outpatient opioid use and patient-reported satisfaction with postpartum pain control. Trends over time were evaluated using nonparametric tests of trend.

Results Of 2,503 postpartum patients screened for eligibility, a majority (N = 1,425; 60.8%) did not use an opioid as an inpatient. Over the study period, there was a significant decline in the proportion of patients who used an opioid while inpatient (z-score =  − 11.8; p < 0.01). Among these participants enrolled in the prospective survey study (N = 494), there was a significant decline over time in the amount of inpatient opioid use (z-score =  − 2.4; p = 0.02), the proportion of participants who received an opioid prescription upon discharge (z-score =  − 8.2; p < 0.01), and, when an opioid was prescribed at discharge, the total prescribed morphine milligram equivalents (z-score =  − 4.3; p < 0.01). Both inpatient and outpatient satisfactions with pain control were unchanged over this time (z-score = 1.1, p = 0.27; z-score = 1.1, p = 0.29, respectively).

Conclusion In this population, both the frequency and amount of opioid use in the postpartum period declined from 2017 to 2019. This decrease in opioid prescribing was not associated with changes in patient-reported satisfaction with pain control.

Key Points
The ADA (Age-D-Dimer-Albumin) Score to Predict Thrombosis in SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Violi Francesco , Pignatelli Pasquale , Vestri Anna Rita , Spagnoli Alessandra , Cipollone Francesco , Ceccarelli Giancarlo , Oliva Alessandra , Amitrano Maria , Pirro Matteo , Taliani Gloria , Cangemi Roberto , Lichtner Miriam , Pugliese Francesco , Falcone Marco , D'Ardes Damiano , Venditti Mario , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Loffredo Lorenzo ,   the ADA GROUP
Published: March 2022

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related pneumonia is associated with venous and arterial thrombosis. Aim of the study was to find out a new score for predicting thrombosis in patients with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods We included a cohort of 674 patients affected by SARS-CoV-2, not requiring intensive care units, and followed-up during the hospitalization until discharge. Routine analyses performed at in-hospital admission included also serum albumin and D-dimer while arterial and venous thromboses were the endpoints of the study.

Results During the follow-up, 110 thrombotic events were registered; patients with thrombotic events were older and had lower albumin and higher D-dimer, compared with thrombotic event-free ones. On multivariable logistic regression with step-by-step procedure age, serum albumin, and D-dimer were independently associated with thrombotic events. The linear combination of age, D-dimer, and albumin allowed to build-up the ADA (age-D-dimer-albumin) score, whose area under the curve (AUC) was 0.752 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.708–0.795). ADA score was internally validated by bootstrap sampling procedure giving an AUC of 0.752 (95% CI: 0.708–0.794).

Conclusion Combination of age, D-dimer, and albumin in the ADA score allows identifying SARS-CoV-2 patients at higher risk of thrombotic events.
Associations of Hemostatic Variables with Cardiovascular Disease and Total Mortality: The Glasgow MONICA Study
Authors: Lowe Gordon D. O. , Peters Sanne A. E. , Rumley Ann , Tunstall-Pedoe Hugh , Woodward Mark
Published: March 2022

The associations of plasma levels of hemostatic factors, other than fibrinogen, with risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality are not well defined. In two phases of the Glasgow MONICA study, we assayed coagulation factors (VII, VIII, IX, and von Willebrand factor), coagulation inhibitors (antithrombin, protein C, protein S), coagulation activation markers (prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, thrombin–antithrombin complexes, D-dimer), and the fibrinolytic factors, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1. Over 15 to 20 years, we followed up between 382 and 1,123 men and women aged 30 to 74 years, without baseline CVD, for risks of CVD and mortality. Age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD (top third vs bottom third) were significant only for factor VIII (1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.58) and factor IX (1.18; 95% CI, 1.01–1.39); these HRs were attenuated by further adjustment for CVD risk factors: 1.17 (95% CI, 0.94–1.46) and 1.07 (95% CI, 0.92–1.25), respectively. In contrast, factor VIII (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.35–1.96), D-dimer (HR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.26–4.35), and t-PA (HR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.43–5.54) were strongly associated with mortality after full risk factor adjustment. Further studies, including meta-analyses, are required to assess the associations of these hemostatic factors with the risks of stroke and heart disease and causes of mortality.
Screening of Perinatal Depression Using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale
Authors: Oliveira Tenilson Amaral , Luzetti Guilherme Guarany Cardoso Magalhães , Rosalém Márcia Maria Auxiliadora , Mariani Neto Corintio
Published: March 2022

Objective To detect depression during pregnancy and in the immediate postpartum period using the Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS).

Methods Cross sectional study of 315 women, aged between 14 and 44 years, who received perinatal care at the Leonor Mendes de Barros Hospital, in São Paulo, between July 1st, 2019 and October 30th, 2020. The cutoff point suggesting depression was ≥ 12.

Results The screening indicated 62 (19.7%) patients experiencing depression. Low family income, multiparity, fewer prenatal appointments, antecedents of emotional disorders, dissatisfaction with the pregnancy, poor relationship with the partner, and psychological aggression were all risk factors associated with depression in pregnancy or in the immediate postpartum period. Antecedents of depression and psychology aggression during pregnancy were significant variables for predicting perinatal depression in the multivariate analysis.

Conclusion There is a significant association between the occurrence of perinatal depression and the aforementioned psychosocial factors. Screening patients with the EPDS during perinatal and postpartum care could facilitate establishing a line of care to improve the wellbeing of mother and infant.
Prospective Determination of Orbital Perfusion Dominance before Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma Using Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Authors: Monroe Eric J. , Otjen Jeffrey P. , Wright Jason N. , Perez Francisco A. , Chick Jeffrey Forris Beecham , Hallam Danial K. , Ferguson Mark R.
Published: March 2022

Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) represents a mainstay in the treatment of retinoblastoma. In a minority of cases, the external carotid artery (ECA) serves as the dominant supply to the central retinal artery and is associated with prolonged fluoroscopy times and higher intraprocedural radiation doses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for prospective determination of internal (ICA) versus ECA dominance for procedural planning. Between April 2017 and December 2020 (44 months), staging MR prior to IAC for retinoblastoma included variant spatial saturation band position TOF angiography. Exams were then retrospectively reviewed for concordance of ICA versus ECA dominance between the two modalities. Eight consecutive patients were included in the study. Mean patient age at time of diagnosis was 20.3 ± 10.7 months (range: 2.7–33.2 months). Ten affected eyes were included (2 cases of bilateral disease), with stage D disease in eight eyes and stage B disease in two eyes. MRA techniques demonstrated antegrade ophthalmic artery (OA) flow in 9/10 (90%) of affected eyes. Subsequent catheter angiography confirmed ICA dominant supply in 9/9 (100%). For a single affected eye (10%), the OA was demonstrated as orthotopic by T2 flow void, nonvisualized on anterior saturation TOF sequences, and faintly visualized on posterior saturation TOF sequences. Aggregate MRA to catheter angiographic concordance was 10/10 (100%). Variant saturation TOF MRA predicts ICA versus ECA dominant supply to the central retinal artery in retinoblastoma.
The Effects of COVID-19 on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense Mechanism in Children
Authors: Aydin Orkun , Kaynak Mustafa O. , Sabuncuoglu Suna , Girgin Gozde , Oygar Pembe D. , Ozsurekci Yasemin , Teksam Ozlem
Published: March 2022

Objective Oxidative stress and antioxidants play an important role in infections' response. We aimed to investigate the potential association between oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Methods We analyzed oxidant and antioxidant parameters from serum samples of children with novel corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) besides demographic and clinical data of children. Serum levels of the 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), protein carbonyl (CO), malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activities were evaluated and compared between groups.

Results A total of 96 children were evaluated, including 32 patients with confirmed COVID-19 (group 1), 35 patients with symptomatic infections without COVID-19 (group 2), and 29 healthy patients as a control group (group 3). Group 1 included 7 (21.8%) asymptomatic, 22 (68.7%) mild, and 3 (9.5%) moderate patients according to the severity of the disease. In all groups, there were no significant differences in oxidative stress and antioxidant parameter levels (p > 0.05). Furthermore, no statistical difference was found when the parameters of patients with COVID-19 and healthy children were evaluated according to disease course.

Conclusion Serum levels of oxidant and antioxidant parameters were similar in children infected with SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious agents. However, further studies, including children with severe to critical disease, are necessary to characterize the oxidative stress, antioxidants, cytokine responses in COVID-19, and elucidate the pathogenesis.
Treatment of Medial Shoulder Joint Instability by Stabilization with an Arthroscopically Guided Prosthetic Ligament: A Cadaveric Feasibility Study in Dogs
Authors: Llido Marie , Livet Véronique , Carozzo Claude , Viguier Éric , Cachon Thibaut
Published: March 2022

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and efficiency of an arthroscopically guided ligamentoplasty of the medial glenohumeral ligament to treat medial shoulder joint instability.

Study Design Six Beagle cadavers were used (12 limbs). Both arms of the medial glenohumeral ligament were severed using arthroscopic guidance. Arthroscopically guided reconstruction of the ligament was performed. Threaded sutures were fixed with a bone anchor on the medial aspect of the glenoidal cavity of the scapula, passed through a humeral tunnel and finally tensioned with a suture button on lateral aspect of the humerus. Shoulder abduction angles were measured before and after the section of the medial glenohumeral ligament, and following the surgery. Two orthogonal radiographic projections and dissections were performed after each procedure to grade the placement of the implants.

Results Surgical repairs were achieved in 10 out of 12 limbs. The abduction angles after repair with ligamentoplasty were not significantly different from the abduction angles measured before the section of the medial glenohumeral ligament.

Conclusion Arthroscopically guided ligamentoplasty with a scapular bone anchor and a humeral drilling tunnel is feasible in cadavers, and efficient to restore acutely shoulder abduction angle in a minimally invasive manner. Further clinical studies are required to assess in vivo results.
Effect of Preferred Volume Setting on Speech Audibility in Different Hearing Aid Circuits
Authors: Souza Pamela E. , Kitch Virginia J.
Published: March 2022

This study compared preferred volume setting for linear peak clipping, compression limiting, and wide dynamic range compression (WDRC) amplification and quantified speech audibility at the preferred volume setting for each amplification type. Ten listeners with mild-to-moderate hearing loss were fitted monaurally with a behind-the-ear hearing aid programmed sequentially with WDRC, compression limiting, and linear peak clipping amplification. Speech was presented in quiet and in noise at a range of input levels. In each condition, the listener adjusted the volume for maximum clarity. Signal levels were measured using a probe microphone system. There was no significant difference in speech audibility between amplification strategies for any speech level regardless of the presence or absence of background noise. These results imply that the improved audibility advantage of WDRC over linear amplification demonstrated in controlled environments may not be maintained in situations where the hearing aid wearer controls the volume.

Abbreviations: AAI = Aided Audibility Index, AI = Articulation Index, ANOVA = analysis of variance, NAL-R = National Acoustic Laboratories-Revised, SIR = Speech Intelligibility Rating, WDRC = wide dynamic range compression
Evaluation of a Revised Speech in Noise (RSIN) Test
Authors: Cox Robyn M. , Gray Ginger A. , Alexander Genevieve C.
Published: March 2022

A revised version of the Speech in Noise (SIN) test was developed by reallocating the recorded test material on the compact disc into different lists (blocks). The goal was to increase the equivalence and reliability of the test blocks to enhance their usefulness in research settings. The Revised Speech in Noise test has four blocks of sentences. Each block comprises twice as many sentences as in the original SIN test. There are also practice sentences for each condition. Forty-two elderly subjects with normal hearing for their age and gender provided data on the equivalence of the new test blocks. The remaining inequalities in mean scores were mostly eliminated using score weighting. Critical differences were developed to promote interpretation of scores from the same individual under different conditions. The revisions substantially improved the equivalence of test blocks and their sensitivity to performance changes. Increased test time is the associated drawback.

Abbreviations: CD = critical difference, MDB = modified dual block, RAU = rationalized arcsine unit, RSIN = Revised Speech in Noise test, SBR = signal-to-babble ratio, SBR-50 = the signal-to-babble ratio corresponding to a score of 50 percent correct, SIN = Speech in Noise test, WRAU = weighted rationalized arcsine unit