bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Chemical Literacy of Pre-service Chemistry Teacher: Rasch Analysis
Authors: Marfuatun Marfuatun , Nahadi Nahadi , Yuliani Galuh , Hernani Hernani
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to validate the chemical literacy (CL) test instrument for pre-service chemistry teachers (PCTs), categorize the CL- item difficulty, and evaluate PCTs’ chemical literacy levels. The participants were 49 students in the chemistry education department at Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Three different scientific knowledge were employed to assess student chemical literacy. A paper-based test was carried out for the data collection. The findings revealed that the developed CL test achieved both validity and reliability in its assessments. Interestingly, while a majority of the test items were categorized as relatively easy, the students exhibited a lower-than-expected proficiency in completing the CL test.
Analysis Of The Impact Of Teaching Campus Program In Developing The Skills Of Chemistry Education Students At Maritime Campus
Authors: Fitriani Putri , Natasha Febiana , Amanda Pohan Anggi , Solafide Hutajulu Ezra
Published: December 2024

A teacher's ability to deliver subject matter is a major factor in the success of the knowledge process provided to students. In creating the best learning, teachers must have a number of competencies such as pedagogical competence, personality competence, social competence and professional competence. However, the problem of teacher competence has become a deep issue at various levels of education, especially in maritime areas. Therefore, the Teaching Campus is present as a solution in developing teacher competencies in students as prospective teachers. The purpose of this study is to see the success of the Teaching Campus in an effort to develop teacher competence in Chemistry Education students. This research is a quantitative research with a questionnaire method. The results showed that the development of pedagogical competence, personality competence, social competence, and professional competence gained about 95% overall. This percentage caused all respondents to recommend the Teaching Campus to be followed by other students. Therefore, the Merdeka Campus should continue to be run to develop student competencies as prospective teachers in order to build better Indonesian education.
Diving Deep: Illuminating Coastal Minds on Marine Ecologies through Learning Video
Authors: Alfian Carli , Defitri Aldanika , Kurniawan Anang , Akbar Gilang
Published: December 2024

In this research, students at SMPN 9 Tanjungpinang, a school in a unique coastal region of Indonesia which is Tanjungpinang, are asked about their knowledge of and concerns about the maritime environment. 33 coastal students filled out written questionnaires as part of a descriptive qualitative research approach, and National Geographic educational videos were also used to collect data. The researchers used narrative inquiry design to analyze the data. The results show that students have serious concerns about how human activity is giving bad impact to marine ecosystem. Combining the findings of the research, it is obvious that human activity poses a major threat to coastal ecosystems, which are crucial to the development and survival of marine species. The joint assault of indiscriminate trash dumping and trawling techniques manifests itself as a powerful force undermining the fundamental elements of these ecosystems.
Maritime students' views on coastal environmental conditions in Tanjung Pinang
Authors: T Jessica Eliyoni Yafia , Saputra Rama Rendra , Purba Reynaldi , Adinata Pria Apta
Published: December 2024

The provincial capital of the archipelagic Riau Islands, whose residents primarily reside in coastal areas, is Tanjungpinang. Environment on the coast. Tanjung Pinang's coastal environment is currently in poor condition; there is a lot of trash on the beach and in the water. There is a need for innovation and inspiration as well as efforts to protect the coastal ecosystem because tossing trash into the water can harm the coastal ecology. The first step in protecting the coastal environment is to avoid discarding trash into the ocean, particularly plastic waste. Other steps include planting mangrove trees and creating warning signs. The study's objective is to examine participants' knowledge of Tanjung Pinang's coastal environmental issues as well as their involvement in environmental protection. researchers collected data using qualitative techniques along the coast. Students majoring in English education made up 29 of the participants that contributed to the writing of this essay. The K1 and K2 classes were given a questionnaire, which the researchers utilized to collect data. Based to the findings of this study, many English language education students believe that the maritime conditions in Tanjung Pinang are very dirty, and they argue that it is the responsibility of all components of society, including the government, to keep the Tanjung Pinang maritime environment clean.
Two Decades of Research on Maritime Environmental Education in Social Science: A Systematic Review
Authors: Syahputra Siregar Eko Febri , Siddik Lubis Baihaqi , Taufika Ryan
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyse the maritime environmental education literature in social science in the last two decades. This study used a systematic review by analysing twelve articles that were declared eligible, and analysed using content analysis. The results showed that this study revealed that maritime environmental education focuses on management, competence, and assessment. Management includes operations, motivation, innovation, communication, and application, while competence involves professionalism and personality. Assessment studies knowledge and performance. A strong correlation was found between personality and motivation. Norway and Finland are the main actors in maritime environmental education. The research emphasises maritime environmental education is conducted to support marine ecosystem preservation and coastal community development.
Strengthening Global Diversity Profiles Through the Development of Interactive Learning Media Featuring Folk Poetry Incorporating Local Wisdom from Madura for Middle School Students in Bangkalan
Authors: Puspitasari Mega , Ansori Nachnul , Sari Desi Indah
Published: December 2024

This study aims to describe the strengthening of students' global diversity profiles through the development of interactive learning media focused on folk poetry that incorporates local wisdom from Madura. This research employs a mixed-method approach, utilizing quantitative data from media validation and qualitative data from questionnaires and observations of students' global diversity profiles. The trial was conducted with 20 seventh-grade students in Bangkalan and four expert validators. The results of the media validation indicated a language validity of 87.5%, design validity of 90%, and content validity of 91%. The questionnaire results were categorized as good, and observational findings revealed that students were able to recognize and appreciate culture, as evidenced by their ability to name traditional Madurese clothing and customs. Intercultural communication was demonstrated by students' capacity to discuss and determine the implied meanings of rhymes, as well as their ability to write folk poetry on the theme of global diversity (rhyme). Reflection and responsibility toward diversity experiences were evidenced by students' ability to form groups independently without discriminating against peers and their capacity to appreciate differing opinions.
Numerical investigation of wind turbine blade materials and airfoil profiles to extract maximum wind energy
Authors: Babu Tasruzzaman , Kowser Arefin , Mukut A.N.M. Mominul Islam
Published: December 2024

In order to fulfill the rising demand for power, wind energy will take the lead in the energy mix in the foreseeable future. To increase wind power generation, selection of the proper airfoil profile and material of wind turbine blade is a pivotal measure. This paper investigates a horizontal axis wind turbine under various boundary conditions from the aforementioned perspectives by using two software packages named Ansys Fluent and Ansys Static Structural (both of which fall under the aegis of Ansys Workbench). After analyzing with the help of Ansys Fluent, this paper determines NACA 4412 as the optimal airfoil profile among three primarily considered airfoils: NACA 2412, NACA 4412, and NACA 0012 due to the maximum coefficient of lift, Cl = 1.654, at 15° angle of attack (α). The obtained result is validated with the result obtained by Abbott and Doenhoff from NASA, and the percentage of error estimated is 1.47%. This paper also deals with finding the best reinforcements and composite materials among E-glass, S-glass, Carbon Fiber, Carbon Nanotube, Kevlar 49, and Epoxy Carbon UD. After comparing among physical properties: total deformation, equivalent von-Mises stress, maximum shear stress, and strain energy, in Ansys Static Structural package, Carbon nanotube is suggested as the best reinforcement material for making wind turbine blades due to its lowest total deformation and strain energy of 2.1608E-05 m and 9.127E-07 J, respectively. However, the second-best values of measured all four properties are found in Kevlar 49, which is also found as a viable alternative of Carbon nanotube when higher installation costs are a severe concern.
Renal Function After Combined Treatment for Coronary Disease and Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Taghiyev Zulfugar T. , Jäger Katharina E. , Fuchs Martin V. , Roth Peter , Dörr Oliver , Böning Andreas
Published: December 2024

Objectives A single-center retrospective study was initialized to investigate the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and its impact on short- and long-term outcomes after aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) and complex coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods Between January 2010 and December 2020, 1,232 patients with severe AS and CAD were treated. Propensity score matching generated 40 patient pairs with intermediate Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk scores (3.2 ± 0.3) and EuroSCORE II (4.1 ± 0.3) undergoing percutaneous (transcatheter aortic valve replacement [TAVR] + percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) or surgical (surgical aortic valve replacement [SAVR] + coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG]) combined procedures. The renal function-corrected ratio of contrast medium to body weight was calculated to determine the risk of postprocedural contrast medium-associated AKI. Renal retention values were recorded daily until the 7th day after the procedure.

Results The overall incidence of postprocedural AKI was similar between the groups. There was no correlation between the contrast medium volume to serum creatinine to body weight ratio and AKI occurrence. During the first 7 postprocedural days, creatinine clearance values were comparable: 68.97 ± 4.92 mL/min (SAVR + CABG) vs. 64.95 ± 9.78 mL/min (TAVR + PCI), mean difference 4.02, 95% CI (−24.5 to 16.4), p = 0.691. On the 7th day after the procedure, 35% (8/23) of patients with renal impairment had improved renal function. No correlation between impaired renal function and short- or long-term mortality was found in multivariable models.

Conclusion Contrast agents may temporarily impair renal function during a minimally invasive percutaneous approach; however, occurrence of AKI was not related to the amount of contrast medium, and AKI was not associated with short- and long-term mortality.
Urgent Implementation of Point-of-Care Testing for Group A Streptococcal Infection in a UK Children's Emergency Department
Authors: Shorrocks Ruth , Turner Philip J. , Fanshawe Thomas , Ukwatte Umasha , Gray Jim , Taylor James , Graveto Liliana , Hayward Gail , Bird Chris
Published: December 2024

Objective In late 2022, Western Europe and the United States experienced increased incidences of scarlet fever and life-threatening invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections, especially among children. The outbreak was widely reported in the media in the United Kingdom, leading to increased emergency department (ED) attendances and threatened supplies of antibiotics. Our ED rapidly introduced point-of-care testing for GAS pharyngitis with the aim of rationalizing antibiotic prescribing.

Methods We rapidly implemented the use of a molecular-based (polymerase chain reaction) point-of-care test for all children scoring 3 or higher on the McIsaac clinical prediction rule for GAS pharyngitis in children and performed a nested diagnostic accuracy study. The main outcome was concordance or discordance of antibiotic prescribing with the test result.

Results Between December 2022 and April 2023, a total of 1,388 patients underwent point-of-care test (45% female, 55% male, median age of 3 y). Based on medical records review, 571 (41%) patients were tested inappropriately (i.e., they did not have documented pharyngitis or similar infection). Antibiotic prescribing was largely appropriate for patients with a diagnosis of pharyngitis or similar presentation, with 20.47% of children with a negative test prescribed antibiotics.

Conclusion Antibiotic concordance was acceptable for children with pharyngitis and similar presentations, but nearly half of children without acute respiratory symptoms were tested inappropriately. EDs considering rapid implementation of point-of-care test in similar circumstances should ensure clear guidelines and training around their use so that clinically useful tests are not inadvertently dropped and resources are not wasted.
Electron-phonon interaction constant for vanadium
Authors: Veprev A. G. , Shirokovskii V. P.
Published: December 2024

The electron-phonon interaction constant is calculated for vanadium. The augmented planewave method and the use of a model potential yield the electron energy spectrum and the wave functions. The matrix element of electron-phonon interaction is determined from the real phonon spectrum in the “rigid ion” approximation. The electron-phonon interaction constant is found to depend strongly on the d-f scattering.
The study of the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility of CdHg ω-phase alloys under uniform compression
Authors: Manchenko V. N. , Svechkarev I. V. , Sereda Yu. P.
Published: December 2024

We studied the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility of CdHg ω-phase single crystals near the critical point of the spectrum under a hydrostatic pressure of up to 1800 atm at 20.4 °K. A correlation is established between the electronic and structural transitions and an estimate is made of the shift of the critical point under hydrostatic compression. The data are used to predict the behavior of the ω-phase boundary under pressure.
Thermodynamics of molecular librational motion in β-O2
Authors: Brodyanskii A. P. , Slyusarev V. A. , Freiman Yu. A.
Published: December 2024

We consider the effect of librational anharmonicity on thermodynamic properties of β-O2. It is shown that, unlike in crystals of the N2 type, the sign of the anharmonicity correction to the librational specific heat in β-O2 is negative, and in a rigid lattice the librational subsystem does not manifest instability with respect to transition to the orientationally disordered state. The nature of the transition to the γ-phase is discussed.
Power generation using diabetic urine as fuel in a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell with a ZnO/Ni-based composite anode
Authors: Vera-Estrada Irma Lucía , Dector Andrés , Ovando-Medina Víctor Manuel , Martínez-Gutiérrez Hugo , Estrella-Chavero Zulma Flor , Olivares-Ramírez Juan Manuel , Calderón-Martínez Abraham Israel , Antonio-Carmona Iveth Dalila , Morales-Morales Jimmy Alexander
Published: December 2024

This work presents, for the first time, power generation using diabetic urine as fuel. The energy conversion is achieved through a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell. Urine has recently gained attention as a source of novel biomarkers for early disease detection, making the use of diabetic urine as fuel particularly relevant to the development of autonomous portable medical devices. A key challenge in using diabetic urine as fuel lies in the fact that it contains various molecules and compounds that can block or poison the fuel cell's electrodes. This study introduces a selective catalyst of ZnO and nickel-based particles that oxidize the urea in human urine. Different concentrations of Ni (3%, 6%, and 9%) were evaluated to optimize catalyst activity. The best performance of the diabetic urine-microfluidic fuel cell was achieved with the ZnO-Ni at 3%, yielding a maximum voltage of 0.89 V, a maximum current density of 1.18 mA cm−2, and a maximum power density of 1.26 mW cm−2. These results demonstrate the potential for enhancing point-of-care devices through paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stacks.
Numerical investigation of pressure measurement by pitot tubes in microscale Taylor–Couette flow with hyper-rotate speed and its correction
Authors: Lyu Yuan-wei , Cheng Kun-xiang , Zhang Jing-yang , Huang He-xia , Zhang Jing-zhou
Published: December 2024

As the most classic method in fluid mechanics, pitot tubes have been widely employed to capture gauge pressure. Their effective operation is based on the premise that the measured fluid is ideal, irrotational, and incompressible, and the pitot tubes do not interfere with the measured flow field. However, in microscale Taylor–Couette flow with hyperrotation speed originating from power-to-weight ratio rotating machinery, its correction has never been investigated systematically for the case, in which the scale of the pitot tubes is much larger than the clearance. In this study, the feasibility of using pitot tubes in the measurement of pressure in a microscale Taylor–Couette flow with hyperrotation speed and its correction was considered. First, physical insight into the influence of pitot tubes on shear flow under the scale effect was obtained. The presence of the pitot tubes had less impact on the mean flow field of the shearing flow. In contrast, the sudden expansion induced by the pitot tubes caused additional instability in the shearing flow through the recirculation zone near the connection area. The influence of pitot tubes on the turbulence of the shearing flow is not confined to a local area but extends across the entire clearance between the stator and rotator. Second, the pressure in the clearance cannot fully permeate the cavity where the monitor is located. Therefore, the gauge pressure captured by the pitot tubes is underpredicted in high-pressure while overpredicted in low-pressure regions. The maximum deviation appears near the minimum clearance height. The deviation in the pressure captured by the pitot tubes increases with an increase in the depth and diameter of the pitot tubes, and the influence of the recirculation zone becomes notable. As the clearance height increases, the ratio of the scale in the pitot tubes to the clearance height decreases, degrading the deviation of the pressure captured by the pitot tubes. Within the parametric range studied, the deviation maximum in pressure captured by the pitot tubes is up to 18.5%. Moreover, the pressure captured by the pitot tubes was corrected. The coefficient α, related to the rotational Reynolds number, clearance height, and depth and diameter of the pitot tubes, was deduced. The correction in this study had improved the distribution of pressure, which shows a better agreement.
Unraveling electrocatalyst reaction mechanisms in water electrolysis: In situ Raman spectra
Authors: Huang Chao , Li Dan , Qin Ping , Ruan Qingdong , Dehghan-baniani Dorsa , Peng Xiang , Mehrjou Babak , Chu Paul K.
Published: December 2024

Electrocatalysis is crucial for sustainable energy solutions, focusing on energy harvesting, storage, and pollution control. Despite the development of various electrocatalysts, understanding the dynamic processes in electrochemical reactions is still limited, hindering effective catalyst design. In situ Raman spectra have emerged as a critical tool, providing molecular-level insights into surface processes under operational conditions and discussing their development, advantages, and configurations. This review emphasizes new findings at the catalyst–electrolyte interface, especially interface water molecule state, during the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction in recent years. Finally, the challenges and future directions for in situ Raman techniques in electrocatalysis are discussed, emphasizing their importance in advancing understanding and guiding novel catalyst design.
A novel rigid-fluid method for landslide tsunami modeling
Authors: Huang Yi-Xuan , Wu Tso-Ren , Hu Shun-Kai , Chu Chia-Ren , Wang Chung-Yue , Zhou Chao
Published: December 2024

This study presents a three-dimensional numerical model with the novel rigid fluid method (RFM) to simulate slide-type landslides. RFM, coupled with the Navier–Stokes solver Splash3D, is developed to calculate the movement and rotation of a moving solid. With the pressure and shear stress data in each grid collected by the discrete element method, the moving solid is granted to be involved in the simulation. The model is validated against a three-dimensional experiment of a sphere entering water, demonstrating good agreement in terms of displacement and air column pinch-off time. Subsequently, the model is applied to simulate the process of a semispherical landslide tsunami, using a semispherical laboratory experiment as a benchmark. The numerical results show excellent agreement with the experimental data in terms of sliding track, velocity, dynamic pressure, and wave height. To investigate the applicability of the model to real-world scale events, the above-mentioned case is scaled up proportionally, and the time, flow velocity, dynamic pressure, and resultant force are compared to verify the Froude number similarity. The results indicate that the model can effectively capture the essential features of landslide-induce tsunamis and has the potential to be used for further studies on the impacts of such events.
Ultrahigh piezoelectric properties and high transparency relaxor ferroelectric single crystals obtained by the combination of rare-earth doping and AC-poling
Authors: Xiao Ruoyu , Song Kexin , Li Qian , Liu Yangbin , Chen Wenjie , Guo Haisheng , Li Fei , Xu Zhuo
Published: December 2024

High-performance relaxor ferroelectric single crystals, such as Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 (PMN–PT), play a crucial role in the applications of medical ultrasonic imaging due to their high piezoelectric properties. In this study, we successfully grew a 2-in. Eu-doped PMN–PT single crystal whose composition variation and electrical properties were systematically investigated. It was found that the PT content of the crystal boule increased gradually along the growth direction, while the change of Eu3+ content was opposite. The property results show that Eu-doped PMN–PT single crystals exhibit a remarkable piezoelectric coefficient of 3300 pC N−1 at DC-poling while maintaining the rhombohedral phase to a tetragonal phase transition temperature (TRT) at 88 °C and the coercive field (EC) at 2.7 kV cm−1, higher to the undoped single crystals. Through the study of the local structure of Eu-PMN–PT, it illustrated that the introduction of Eu3+ increased the standard deviation of an A sublattice from 3.0% to 4.8%. The dopant simultaneously enhanced a tetragonal phase ratio and local structural heterogeneity, resulting in improved piezoelectric properties and temperature stability of the crystal. We further treated the doped crystals with AC-poling to obtain ultrahigh piezoelectric performance (d33 > 4000 pC N−1) and high transparency. This work provides a new approach to achieve a relaxor ferroelectric single crystal with high performance and transparency with good temperature stability, which could be the material of choice for optoelectronic devices in the future.
Influence of riblet geometry and freestream turbulence on boundary layer transition
Authors: Jain Ishita , Katiyar S. , Sarkar S.
Published: December 2024

High-fidelity large eddy simulations are used to investigate the influence of distributed surface-mounted riblets on spatially developing laminar boundary layer under varying freestream turbulence (FST). The spanwise homogenous riblets are employed in the study, with varying cross-sectional shapes: Square and semi-circular represented as SQ and SC, respectively. The inlet Reynolds number based on momentum thickness and freestream velocity is 360. The flow features exhibit considerable differences between the two riblet geometries under the influence of FST. Instantaneous results reveal the development of Λ-vortices as a genesis of flow transition over SQ-riblets across all the FST levels. While the streamwise streaks are evident over SC-riblets, where spot-like perturbations are observed at an FST of 6.0%. Here, the streaks are susceptible to sinuous secondary instability with subsequent breakdown into small-scale eddies. Thus, the novelty of this study lies in the identification of the modes of transition and flow structures, altered substantially by the riblet geometry and flow environments. Moreover, the turbulent kinetic energy budget is discussed, where an imbalance between production and dissipation is apparent in the transitional region, while a balance between them is established in the equilibrium turbulent flow.
The role of the dopant in the electronic structure of erbium-doped TiO2 for quantum emitters
Authors: Martins J. B. , Grant G. , Haskel D. , Sterbinsky G. E. , Masiulionis I. , Sautter K. E. , Karapetrova E. , Guha S. , Freeland J. W.
Published: December 2024

Erbium-doped TiO2 materials are promising candidates for advancing quantum technologies, necessitating a thorough understanding of their electronic and crystal structures to tailor their properties and enhance coherence times. This study explored epitaxial erbium-doped rutile TiO2 films deposited on r-sapphire substrates using molecular beam epitaxy. Photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy demonstrated decreasing photoluminescence lifetimes with erbium doping, indicating limited optical coherence times. Lattice distortions associated with Er3+ were probed by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, indicating that erbium primarily occupies Ti4+ sites and influences oxygen vacancies. Significant lattice distortions in the higher-order shells and apparent full coordination around erbium suggest that additional defects are likely prevalent in these regions. These findings indicate that defects contribute to limited coherence times by introducing alternative decay pathways, leading to shorter photoluminescence lifetimes.
Effects of nasal cavity and exhalation dynamics on aerosol spread in simulated respiratory events
Authors: Catalán Nicolás , Cito Salvatore , Varela Sylvana , Fabregat Alexandre , Vernet Anton , Pallarès Jordi
Published: December 2024

Coughing and sneezing are critical mechanisms for the transmission of airborne respiratory diseases, dispersing pathogen-laden aerosols into the environment. Previous human volunteer studies provided valuable insight into aerosol dynamics but lacked reproducibility due to individual variations. This paper presents a novel, replicable experimental setup using three dimensional models of the upper respiratory tract and nasal cavity to simulate isothermal human-like coughs and sneezes. Results indicate that nasal cavity involvement decreases horizontal aerosol cloud spread while enhancing vertical dispersion. Incorporating this experimental data with theoretical models improves predictive accuracy of aerosol cloud evolution, particularly for indoor environments. Finally, a single novel analytical expression for the evolution of the particle cloud tip is derived that accurately predicts the cases studied.
Patterns of linguistic simplification on social media platforms over time
Authors: Di Marco N. , Loru Edoardo , Bonetti Anita , Serra Alessandra Olga Grazia , Cinelli Matteo , Quattrociocchi Walter
Published: December 2024

Understanding the impact of digital platforms on user behavior presents foundational challenges, including issues related to polarization, misinformation dynamics, and variation in news consumption. Comparative analyses across platforms and over different years can provide critical insights into these phenomena. This study investigates the linguistic characteristics of user comments over 34 y, focusing on their complexity and temporal shifts. Using a dataset of approximately 300 million English comments from eight diverse platforms and topics, we examine user communications’ vocabulary size and linguistic richness and their evolution over time. Our findings reveal consistent patterns of complexity across social media platforms and topics, characterized by a nearly universal reduction in text length, diminished lexical richness, and decreased repetitiveness. Despite these trends, users consistently introduce new words into their comments at a nearly constant rate. This analysis underscores that platforms only partially influence the complexity of user comments but, instead, it reflects a broader pattern of linguistic change driven by social triggers, suggesting intrinsic tendencies in users’ online interactions comparable to historically recognized linguistic hybridization and contamination processes.
A multimodal approach to grammatical aspect
Authors: Neyra Rosario , Butler Matthew , Munch Nicolaisen Emilie , Sbertoli-Nielsen Paul , Tam Catherine L. , Fox Barbara A. , Raymond Chase Wesley
Published: December 2024

This paper offers a multimodal approach to grammatical aspect, traditionally seen in linguistics as a
verbal-morphological category. Using conversation analysis and interactional linguistics, we take as our object of study turn
completions done with bodily movements and non-lexical vocalizations, focusing on the aspectual information they construct, and
how this information is oriented to as relevant to the trajectory of action underway. We argue that the aspectual information
constructed through the practice of completing a turn with bodily movements and non-lexical vocalizations is part of demonstrating
the speaker’s experiential knowledge relevant to the epistemic claims being made, in the service of securing some form of
affiliative uptake from the recipient regarding those claims. Pursuits designed in this way provide the recipient access to the
speaker’s “way of viewing the internal temporal constituency of [the] situation” (Comrie
1976: 3). Furthermore, we show that the aspectual information conveyed (i) by bodily movements, and (ii) co-occurring
non-lexical vocalizations, are somewhat distinct from each other. Our study is the first that we are aware of to examine the
category of grammatical aspect in turn completions and in this embodied and social-interactional way. Data are in American
English.
Machine learned interatomic potentials for gas-metal interactions
Authors: Cusentino M A , Wood M A , Thompson A P
Published: December 2024

Developing interatomic potentials for gas-metal systems is difficult due to the wide range of chemical compositions that the potential must be able to reproduce. There is a need for these types of potentials for studying plasma-material interactions in fusion reactors where gaseous plasma species will implant in metallic reactor components. The challenges presented by these material systems make them suitable candidates for treatment by a machine learning approach, such as that of the spectral neighbor analysis potential (SNAP). However, constraining the dynamics with these more flexible potentials is difficult. In this work, we have developed a SNAP potential for W-N and W-H in order to study the material degradation due to ion implantation in tungsten. We have developed a large set of density functional theory training data spanning multiple chemical environments including gas phase, surface, bulk, and gas-metal configurations. Additional methodologies for developing training data and optimizing the potential for accurately describing fast diffusing impurity species are detailed. The SNAP potential well-reproduces key material properties relevant for modeling plasma-material interactions including defect formation energies, surface adsorption energies, dimer binding energies, and tungsten nitride formation energies. In addition to testing on static energetic properties, the SNAP potential was also used to simulate thermal and dynamic gas-metal interactions, including bulk diffusion, molecular gas adsorption isotherms, and ion implantation. The SNAP potentials are demonstrated to well-reproduce behavior in the wide range of chemical environments investigated, demonstrating the suitability of these machine learned interatomic potentials for future studies of plasma material interactions.
Dynamic Kohn anomaly in twisted bilayer graphene
Authors: Li Jun-Wei , Zhang Jia-Xing , Chen Wei
Published: December 2024

Twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) has attracted great interest in the last decade due to the novel properties it exhibited. It was revealed that e–phonon interaction plays an important role in a variety of phenomena in this system, such as superconductivity and exotic phases. However, due to its complexity, the e–phonon interaction in TBG is not well studied yet. In this work, we study the electron interaction with the acoustic phonon mode in TBG and one of its consequences, i.e. the Kohn anomaly. The Kohn anomaly in ordinary metals usually happens at phonon momentum

q
=
2

k
F

as a dramatic modification of the phonon frequency when the phonon wave vector nests the electron Fermi surface. However, novel Kohn anomaly can happen in topological semimetals, such as graphene and Weyl semimetals. In this work, we show that the novel dynamic Kohn anomaly can also take place in TBG due to the nesting of two different Moire Dirac points by the phonon wave vector. Moreover, by tuning the twist angle, the dynamic Kohn anomaly in TBG shows different features. Particularly, at magic angle when the electron bandwidth is almost flat, the dynamic Kohn anomalies of acoustic phonons disappear. We also studied the effects of finite temperature and doping on the dynamic Kohn anomaly in TBG and discussed the experimental methods to observe the Kohn anomaly in such system.
Dynamical mechanism of a memristor and its phase transition
Authors: Yao Zhao , Sun Kehui , Wang Huihai
Published: December 2024

A device is defined as a memristor if it exhibits a pinched hysteresis loop in the current–voltage plane, and the loop area shrinks with increasing driven frequency until it gets a single-valued curve. However, the explaination of the underlying mechanism for these fingerprints is still limited. In this paper, we propose the differential form of the memristor function, and we disclose the dynamical mechanism of the memristor according to the differential form. The symmetry of the curve is only determined by the driven signal, and the shrinking loop area results from the shrinking area enclosed by driven signal and the time coordinate axis. Significantly, we find the condition for the phase transition of a memristor, and the resistance switches between the positive resistance, local zero resistance, and local negative resistance. This phase transition is confirmed in the HP memristor. These results advance the understanding of the dynamics mechanism and phase transition of a memristor.
Design of human-machine interaction testing tool for drilling instruments based on CAN bus
Authors: Zhang Qimengsha , Hu Yongjian , Sun Chengqin , Sun Qi , Zhang Guanjie , Xiao Meng
Published: December 2024

A small, portable, and user-friendly human-machine interaction testing tool for drilling instruments is designed and developed to accommodate the underground multi-parameter measurement environment and to meet the ground testing requirements of the drilling instruments. To improve the reliability of data transmission, we customized the CAN (Controller Area Network) application layer protocol by dividing the identifier and data frames reasonably. The designed prototype can send multiple commands to the drilling instruments, also monitoring CAN data flow and displays to users.
Intelligent monitoring method for kick risk based on CNN-GRU hybrid network model
Authors: Sun Yuan , Liu Yong , Wang Jiangtao , Xiang Chao , Yin Sai , Li Xiaobin
Published: December 2024

As oil and gas exploration and development gradually shift towards deep and deep-water fields, the geological environment and formation pressure conditions become increasingly complex, raising the risk of drilling hazards such as kick. Failure to timely identify and properly handle these issues can potentially lead to blowout accidents, posing severe threats to drilling safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of kick monitoring. Traditional kick monitoring methods are highly subjective and their accuracy needs improvement. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a method using a hybrid model of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) networks for kick monitoring. Firstly, based on comprehensive mud logging time series data, domain knowledge of kick identification is integrated for data processing to form a high-quality dataset. To tackle the difficulty of extracting complex risk time series evolution characteristics, an intelligent kick time series monitoring model was established by combining the advantages of CNN and GRU in processing time series data. This hybrid model was compared with non-sequential machine learning models and single sequential deep learning models. Experimental results indicate that the hybrid model provides the best diagnostic performance, achieving accuracy of 94.04%, missed alarm rate of 6.54%, and false alarm rate of 5.97%. The research offer technical support for accurate and efficient intelligent kick risk monitoring, assisting field personnel in decision-making and significantly contributing to the safety and efficiency of drilling operations.
Research on overflow and leakage judgment method based on standard deviation algorithm
Authors: Liu Fu , Guan Yuxin , Wu Yan , Sun Bing , Zhang Ning , Zheng Lijun
Published: December 2024

The instability of wellbore pressure has been puzzling the safety of petroleum industry, including personal safety and environment. In the process of drilling, it is of great significance to establish a timely and accurate judgment method for overflow and leakage. Overflow and leakage often occur during drilling. The monitoring of pump stop and backflow has been used all over the world for more than ten years, which can help to detect overflow. However, it is always a difficult problem to set alarm threshold and identify abnormal backflow, which largely depends on the manual process of implementing the experience and intuition of this key safety monitoring engineer. This manual process often misses the early signs of overflow and leakage, thus greatly increasing the risk of well control. In this paper, the sample data of pump stop reflux combined with standard deviation algorithm is used to identify and judge overflow and leakage in real time. The method for judging overflow and leakage based on standard deviation algorithm includes: stopping the pump and collecting the return sample data; A real-time cumulative reflux calculation method, a reflux sample is calculated by adopting a standard deviation algorithm, a reflux intelligent early warning model is generated, and new real-time reflux data is automatically analyzed by using the generated reflux intelligent early warning model to judge whether there is early overflow or leakage; This method is superior to the existing manual detection methods, and can help drillers and drilling engineers to detect early overflow and leakage; The field example shows that overflow and leakage can be accurately and quickly identified in the early stage by measuring and processing the return sample data of drilling pump stop and combining with the standard deviation algorithm. The establishment of this method is of great significance to reduce well control risk and improve Rate of penetration.
Research and application of PDC coring bit in marine drilling
Authors: Sun Yanqi , Hao Wei , Wei Shaoxiao , Wang Rui , Li Huansheng
Published: December 2024

The coring exploration and analysis of geological rock debris is an important part of offshore oil exploration engineering. The existing drilling coring technology has problems such as low drilling efficiency and the need for drilling operations, which increases the cost of offshore drilling. In order to improve the efficiency of offshore oil drilling and reduce drilling costs, a micro coring Polycrystalline Diamond Compact bit (PDC) has been developed, which can continuously obtain micro cores during the drilling process. Through mechanical analysis of the core teeth, the relationship between the back inclination angle of the core teeth and the rock shear failure angle was obtained. The analysis conclusion shows that the larger the back inclination angle, the more favorable it is for micro core formation. As the back inclination angle increases, the force on the core teeth increases, which affects the service life of the core teeth. Based on the rock core forming effect and the force analysis of the core teeth, the back inclination angle of the core teeth is determined to be 20 °. An analysis was conducted on the application of the micro coring PDC drill bit in three offshore drilling operations, including drilling speed, drilling efficiency, drill bit exit, and the quantity and quality of core samples obtained. The results showed that the drilling speed of the micro coring PDC drill bit was significantly improved compared to ordinary drill bits during offshore drilling, and a large number of block shaped cores and a few cylindrical cores were obtained. The application results of micro coring drill bits in offshore drilling show that this technology is beneficial for improving drilling speed and efficiency. It has the advantages of large core acquisition volume, high acquisition efficiency, and low cost in obtaining micro cores. To address the issue of low formation rate of rock cores obtained during offshore drilling applications, optimization can be achieved by adjusting the diameter of the core hole, arranging the core teeth, and adding seismic mitigation measures for rock core formation.
Memory high temperature production logging technology and applications
Authors: Yu Dongdong , Fang Xinlei , Zhao Hongxu
Published: December 2024

As oil exploration and development gradually move towards exploring deep oil and gas reservoirs, the formation temperature and pressure have significantly increased. Taking the Bohai buried hill oil and gas reservoir as an example, the formation temperature is generally above 180 °C, and conventional testing instruments cannot work stably under such high temperature conditions. Related instrument and equipment manufacturers optimize and innovate logging instruments in multiple directions such as welding, modularization, and material selection. To solve the temperature resistance problem of instruments, thermal insulation coatings, vacuum flask, and other methods are commonly used for temperature isolation. This article mainly introduces a high-temperature production logging Vulcan™ developed by SDI Company. The FLS 1.44 series instrument has the characteristics of small outside diameter(OD) and high temperature resistance, and adopts a memory measurement method to avoid short circuit and operating costs of high-temperature cables. Through on-site operation in Well A, multiple consecutive production profile tests were conducted in a high-temperature environment with a formation temperature of about 185 °C. The sensors sensor exhibits good characteristics in stability, and the response of each parameter measurement curve was good under different passes. The testing task was successfully completed, and the application effect of the testing instrument was good.
Conceptual design of TUPI (Timepix4-based Ultra-fast Photon Imaging) detector's hardware
Authors: Borgato Allan , Giachero Augusto Fraga , de Oliveira Tavares Daniel , Antonio Erick Battiston , Cardoso Fernando Henrique , Lena Francesco Rossi , Polli Jean Marie , Donatti Mauricio Martins , Geraldes Renan Ramalho , Campanelli Raul Back , Spirin Roman Evgenevich , Costa Thiago Paiva
Published: December 2024

TUPI (Timepix4-based Ultra-fast Photon Imaging) is the new family of direct conversion and vacuum-compatible hybrid detectors under design at Sirius, the Brazilian 4th generation light source. Based on the Timepix4 Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), it targets different kinds of experiments, such as tomography and spectrometry, and will be used in multiple bioimaging beamlines of Orion, Brazil's Biosafety Level 4 (BSL4) Laboratory project. Also, it will cover a wide energy range (5 to 45 keV) by using different sensors materials (Si, GaAs, CdTe, etc.). Designed in a modular approach to ensure scalability for constructing larger active areas in a compact form, each TUPI module will be composed by a set of 3x side-by-side Timepix4 ASICs to provide a sensitive area of approximately 74×28 mm2 (1344×512 pixels of 55 μm pitch), streaming up to 44 kfps through up to 48×10.24 Gbps optical links directly connected to a Data Acquisition (DAQ) system.
Rapid urbanization through cropland encroachment in the Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai region of China leads to substantial soil organic carbon loss
Authors: Ding Zhao , Wu Zhaofan , Zhou Xuan , Wang Zhiming , Li Huiwen
Published: December 2024

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a major terrestrial carbon reservoir, crucial for the global carbon cycle and climate change. However, the impact of urbanization-induced cropland encroachment on SOC remains underexplored. This study quantified SOC loss in the top 20 cm (SOC20) and 100 cm (SOC100) soil layers in the Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai (JZH) region from 1985 to 2019 using high-resolution land cover dataset and multi-temporal SOC maps. Our results show that the cumulative cropland encroachment area in the study area reached 18 925.65 km2, approximately three times the area of Shanghai. The encroached areas of cropland in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai accounted for 59.72%, 31.49%, and 8.79% of the total, respectively. The cumulative SOC100 loss in the JZH region was approximately 65.31 ± 32.45 Tg C, with the SOC20 loss contributing about 32.97%, emphasizing the importance of deep SOC pool. The cumulative SOC20 (SOC100) losses in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai contributed approximately 55.36% (57.74%), 35.76% (31.96%), and 8.87% (10.3%) to the total losses in the JZH region, respectively. Moreover, the annual average SOC100 loss accounted for about 8.6% to 25.59% of the terrestrial carbon sink flux (11.24 Tg C yr−1) in the JZH region, emphasizing that SOC loss due to cropland encroachment cannot be overlooked when evaluating the regional carbon sink capacity. Additionally, the positive correlation between SOC loss and regional gross domestic product highlights the trade-off between economic development model of urban expansion through cropland encroachment and the resulting substantial SOC loss. This study emphasizes the importance of assessing the impacts of urbanization on regional SOC stocks, especially with regard to deep soil, and provides scientific insights for future urban planning and land management in this region.