bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Late Bronze Age anthropological materials from the Nepljuevski kurgan cemetery
Authors: Karapetian M.K. , Leybova N.A. , Sharapova S.V.
Published: August 2020

The body of works on craniological and paleoodontological analyses of the materials from the Bronze Age sites of the Southern Trans-Urals still has not clarified the question of the genesis of the people who lived in this area. This is partly due to fragmentary state of the available materials, so that publication of new data appears highly relevant. This paper deals with the results of craniological and dental analyses of an osteological sample from two kurgans of the Nepljuevski burial ground, excavated between 2015 and 2017 by a Russian-German archaeological expedition. The burial ground is located 300 km south-west of Chelyabinsk city, in Kartalinsky dis-trict in the steppes of the Southern Trans-Urals. The recovered materials are dated to the Late Bronze Age and attributed to the Srubnaya-Alakul Culture variant. Materials and methods. Metric description of 5 male and 6 fe-male crania is given. The dental sample comprised remains of 14 children and adolescents and 12 adults. Stan-dard craniometric and paleoodontological protocols were used. Statistical procedures included principal compo-nent analysis (PCA) for craniometric traits and correspondence analysis for odontological traits. Results. Gener-ally, the crania show morphology characteristic for the European (Caucasian) groups. The male crania are ho-mogenous in such traits as narrow, vividly protruding nose and a pronounced horizontal profiling. The sample is dominated by individuals with a high facial height. Females and males generally show morphological similarities, but females, on average, have a relatively higher braincase, wider and lower orbits, a relatively wider nose, and slightly less pronounced horizontal profiling. The odontological analysis is in line with the cranoimetric data indi-cating European ancestry. One of the distinct characteristics of this sample is the presence of «enamel pearls» — a usually rare trait — in 5 out of 12 individuals, which may indicate an increased percentage of biological relatives in it. Conclusion. Overall, the crania from kurgan 1 find analogies among gracilized high-faced forms widespread in Southern Urals and Kazakhstan during the Bronze Age, often linked to the southern ancestry. The attribution of the Nepljuevski sample to the circle of gracile forms is indicated by the results of odontological analysis, which revealed its proximity to the Tripolye culture sample.
Siberian Tatars of Knyazevs: historical and genealogical essay
Authors: Korusenko S.N.
Published: August 2020

This paper aims at reconstructing the genealogy of Siberian Tatars of Knyazevs (Western Siberia), identifying the origins of their surname, which is not characteristic of the Tatars, and at analysis of the influence of socio-political and socio-economical processes in Russia in the 18th through 20th centuries on the social transformation of the family. The sources were represented by the materials of the Inventory Revision Book of Tarsky District of 1701 and census surveys of the end of 18th through 19th centuries, which allowed tracing the Knyazev family through the genealogical succession and identifying social status of its members. In this work, recordkeeping ma-terials of the 18th–20th centuries and contemporary genealogical and historical traditions of the Tatars have been utilized. In the research, the method of genealogical reconstructions by archival materials and their correlation with genealogies of modern population has been used. The history of the Knyazev family is inextricably linked to the history of modern village of Bernyazhka — one of the earliest settlements of the Ayalintsy (a group of the Si-berian Tatars) in the territory of the Tarsky Irtysh land which became the home to the Knyazevs for more than three centuries. The 1701Inventory Revision Book cites Itkuchuk Buchkakov as a local power broker of the Aya-lynsky Tatars in the village. During the 18th century, this position was inherited by his descendants who eventually lost this status in the beginning of the 19th century in the course of the managerial reforms by the Russian gov-ernment. Nevertheless, the social status of the members of the gens remained high. In the mid. 19th century, the village moved — the villagers resettled from the right bank of the River Irtysh onto the left one. As the result, the village was situated nearby the main road connecting the cities of Omsk and Tara. At the same time, the village became the center of the Ayalynskay region. That led to the strengthening of the social status and property en-richment of the descendants of Itkuchuk Buchkakov. The Knyzevs’ surname first appeared in the materials of the First All-Russia Census Survey of 1897. Some of the descendants signed up under this surname later in the Soviet period. During the Soviet years, members of the Knyzev’s gens had different destinies: some worked in the local government, whereas the others were subjected to political repressions and executed. Knyazevs took part in the Great Patriotic War and seven of them perished. Presently there are no descendants of the Knyazevs in Bernyazhka as they spread over the villages of the Omskaya Region, some living in Omsk and other towns of Russia and abroad.
«They drank tea, they struck spoons...»: ethnocultural identity in the tea drinking practices
of Russian Siberians in the 19th — early 20th century
Authors: Fursova E.F.
Published: August 2020

On the basis of original field materials, the author set a goal to reveal the identifying functions of the food cul-ture, particularly, of such a characteristic component of the Northern Eurasian population as hot drinks (teas), in different ethnocultural groups of Siberia: descendants of the old settlers and later Russian migrants, old-believers and followers of the official church. The practices of Siberian tea-drinking have been studied from the perspective of ethnocultural identity within the framework of the mundanity theory. It is the folk customs and beliefs related to the consumption of decoctions of local herbs and later of Chinese leaves (tea) that provide opportunity to infer the place of hot drinks in people’s culture. The author reports interesting facts about the traditions of Siberian tea-drinking and table etiquette in the countryside. Chinese tea-drinking from samovars (table boiling tanks) was not embraced by the old-believers and by some Russian migrants in the late 19th — early 20th c. (South-Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians), where the former refrain due to “suspicious glare” of the surface resembling snake-skin, while the latter by the slimy samovars. In Siberia, the spread of the tea-drinking with Chinese leaf coincided with formation of local old-settler population in the 17th—18th centuries and therefore it can be regarded as an old custom for the service-class people and Cossacks. The fact that the Chinese tea was relatively a novation in the culture of the Siberian population is evidence by that it was not part of the ceremonial practices (e.g., family), in contrast to various herbal brews and kisels (jellies). Siberian tea-drinking traditions of the old-settlers (apart from the old-believers) had strong influence on formation of the regional and ethnocultural identity of the Siberians, in the wide sense of the term as Siberia locals. The established traditions can be considered as a consequence of integration processes amongst the Slavic people in Siberia. The tea-drinking traditions support the conjecture that the differentiation process (comparative evaluation) was accompanied by another process — cultural interference and is inextricably linked to the cognitive process — collective identification, which inhibits non-critical adoption of ‘extraneous’ traditions.
Typology of the medieval axes from the north of Western Siberia
Authors: Zykov A.P. , Koksharov S.F. , Maslennikov E.R.
Published: August 2020

The paper presents the results of the research on the Middle Ages iron axes found in different years in the north of Western Siberia and the Urals, excluding pole-axe (berdysh Rus.) that appear in large numbers in the study area with the growing of the Russian population. The relevance of such study has matured, since there are enough sources that need to be generalized and critically compiled. Taking into account the morphological features of the archaeological evidence, the authors propose to classify all currently known axes by 2 groups and 13 types. The first group including 3 types of minting axes were made exclusively for combat use. The second group includes 10 types of axes, classified as universal, which served both for the military and for economic purposes. The text with the description of the sites contains also table with the data on the basic parameters of axes (item length, blade width) and the time of their use (existence). For the first time, a new type of battle axe (type 13), accidentally found in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Ugra, is published. We present analogues of this subject among the products of Russian blacksmiths of the 13th–14th centuries and explain the position on the dating and on origin of the axe. The paper discusses the evolution of certain types of objects, describes plots concerning the origin of certain items (imports from Volga Bulgaria, Russian lands, etc.) and the special attitude of the local population to this type of weapon, which could be stored for centuries in the holy places of the Ob Ugrians. The authors come to the conclusion that imported axes of the second group were used as a standard for Siberian blacksmiths. But local products, characterized by primitive technology (a multilayer package), low quality welding of iron strips and an abundance of slag inclusions, can be finally identified only after metallographic microstructural analysis. This research should be prolonged, because annual archaeological investigations replenish the source base, and, with no doubt, the typology of axes proposed in the article will be supplemented and adjusted.
Molecular docking tangeretin and kaempferol compound against antiapoptotic Bcl-xL: in silico study
Authors: Nitami Siska Febdian , Febriansah Rifki
Published: August 2020

The plants that can be developed as a chemopreventive agent are orange peel (Citrus reticulata) and tea leaves (Camellia sinensis). This study aims to determine the chemopreventive agent of tangeretin and kaempferol in silico.  In silico test was performed molecular docking by using Vina Autodock Software by deprecating tangeretin and kaempferol compounds against target protein Bcl-xL. Tangeretin and kaempferol have an affinity to the protein with score -5,8 kkal/mol and -6,4 kkal/mol, respectively. Tangeretin has a high potency in inhibiting activity against Bcl-xL protein, while kaempferol has less potency in inhibition of Bcl-xL protein.
Penggunaan Albumin Oral dan Albumin Injeksi pada Pasien Sirosis Hati di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto
Authors: Yulianda Daina , Maharani Laksmi , Suryoputri Masita Wulandari
Published: August 2020

Hipoalbuminemia karena sirosis dapat diterapi menggunakan albumin injeksi maupun albumin oral. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat persentase penggunaan albumin oral dan albumin injeksi, serta membandingkan efektivitasnya dalam meningkatkan kadar albumin. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah simple random sampling pada pasien sirosis hati yang mengalami hipoalbuminemia dan menerima terapi albumin di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto pada periode Januari-Desember 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 68 pasien sirosis hati sebanyak 25 pasien (36,8%) menggunakan terapi albumin oral dan sebanyak 43 pasien (63,2%) menggunakan terapi albumin injeksi. Peningkatan kadar albumin pasien yang menggunakan albumin injeksi lebih tinggi yaitu 0,18±0,079 g/dL dibanding dengan albumin oral yaitu 0,07±0,032 g/dL (p<0,05). Terapi albumin injeksi lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan kadar albumin darah pasien sirosis hati dan lebih banyak digunakan dibanding dengan albumin oral.
The Effect of Employment Aspects on Poverty in Central Java Indonesia
Authors: Saifuloh Nur Imam , Ahmad Abdul Aziz , Suharno Suharno
Published: August 2020

One way to tackle the problem of poverty is by understanding the labor aspects. This study aims to analyze the effect of employment aspects such as labor force participation rate, open employment rate and regional minimum wage on the poverty rate. This study used annual time series data between 2013-2017 of 15 regencies included in the red zone of poverty in Central Java Province. The best model to analyze data in this study is random effect model. The results show that labor force participation rate and open employment rate have positive and significant effect on poverty, while regional minimum wage has negative and significanteffect on poverty. The findings imply that the workforce should be well prepared to work or to create their own jobs andminimum wage should be increased.Keywords: Poverty, Employment, Random Effect Model.
Factors Affecting Income of Female Workers Producing Ketupat Casing and Their Contribution to Household Income
Authors: Marwati Siska , Rahajuni Dijan , Supadi Supadi
Published: August 2020

This study aims to examine the effect of education level, working time, age, work experience and number of family members on income of female workers in Datar Village and measure the extent of income contribution of female workers producing ketupat casing  to household income. The respondents were selected using the census method and data were analyzed using multiple linear. This study found that education level, working time, work experience and number of family members had a significant effect on income of female workers. Age had no effect on income of female workers. The variable with the strongest relationship to income of female workers was working time. The implications of this study are that in order to increase their income, the female workers should utilize the residue of ketupat casing production in the form of coconut sticks to make other handicrafts, such as woven plates and broom sticks. The crafts can be sold in order to increase income of female workers producing ketupat
AN ANALYSIS OF BPJS PATIENTS' SATISFACTION INDICATORS IN INPATIENT ROOM IN THE WALED REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Yulyanti Depi , Devi Sintya , Wahyudin Wahyudin
Published: August 2020

Background : Patient satisfaction is a major problem that occurs in hospitals. Waled allegedly complained about the hospital concerning concern in providing services to BPJS patients, and there were differences in BPJS patient visits in inpatient services in 2014 to 2015 as many as 720 patients, then sought an increase Back in 2016 as many as 255 patients. However, this increase was not significant at the time of the decline in 2015.

Aims: This study analyzes the indicators of BPJS patient satisfaction in the inpatient services of the Waled Hospital in 2018.

Methods: This type of research was quantitative with descriptive research methods. The research population was 178, obtained as many as 123 samples, sampling using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate analysis.

Results: The results of the study were 84.85% of patients satisfied with the service, as many as 78.8% of patients were satisfied with the doctor's service, as much as 78.2% of patients were satisfied with the care of nurses, as many as 94.3% of patients were satisfied with the patient's meal service, as many as 86 0% of patients were satisfied with medical facilities, as many as 85.9% of patients were satisfied with medication services, as many as 60.6% of patients were satisfied with the condition of hospital facilities, as many as 47.0% of patients were satisfied with the condition of the treatment room facilities, as many as 97 0% of patients are satisfied with outgoing administration services.

Conclusion: Hospitals can find out indicators of patient satisfaction that are still low, it is recommended that the hospital should make SPO complaints about damaged facilities so that the hospital knows and immediately fixes it. So that patient satisfaction can continue to increase.
EDUCATION LEVEL IN THE RELATION TO ADOLESCENTS PREGNANCY IN INDRAMAYU 2019
Authors: Rudiansyah Rudiansyah , Dartiwen Dartiwen
Published: August 2020

Adolescents’ pregnancy negatively impacts their health and their babies, also gives socio-economics impacts and risks of premature birth, low birth weight (LBW) and bleeding that can increase maternal and infant mortality. This study aims to determine the relationship of education level with the pregnancy at the age of adolescence. This research using observational analytic design with cross-sectional to recognize the relationship between education level ties and pregnancy at the age of adolescence. The subject of this research is pregnant women in the North Coast Region of Indramayu who meet the inclusion criteria and are willing to sign the consent form after being given an explanation. The samples of 200 pregnant women were taken using consecutive sampling. The results obtained p-value = 0.045 smaller than the alpha value (<0. 05) it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the level of education of mothers with pregnancy in adolescence. Analysis we found the value of OR of 3.336 (95% CI 1.098 to 10.140) means, less educated mother 3.336 times risk higher to get married and pregnant at the age of adolescence. It is expected that health center, government worker and the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) able to work together to provide better education for adolescents and prospective brides in order not to get pregnant at an early age.
DENGUE PREVENTION PRACTICES AND ITS DETERMINANTS FACTORS IN PURWOKERTO, CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Palupi Sahida Woro , Octaviana Devi , Wijayanti Siwi Pramatama Mars
Published: August 2020

Background Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus that have been infected with the dengue virus. PSN DBD (DHF mosquito breeding areas elimination) is one of the most effective ways to prevent DHF. DHF is an endemic disease in Banyumas regency. This research aimed to analyze the factors that influence the behavior of PSN DHF in the East Purwokerto District, Banyumas Regency. Methods This research was quantitative research using a cross-sectional approach. The populations in this research were 17.289 households and the sample was housewives in East Purwokerto district taken by simple random sampling technique with 96 respondents. The data collection technique was carried out by using questionnaires and observation. Data analysis was conducted by univariate, bivariate, and multivariate.Results Education (p=0,129), income (p=0,170), knowledge (p=0,254), attitude (p=0,942), facilities availability (p=0,130), role of community figures (p=0,712) and role of health workers (p=0,635) showed has no significant correlation with behaviour of PSN DHF. Information media exposure (p=0,004) showed has significant correlation and the main factor of PSN DHF. Conclusions: Media exposure is the most influential variable in the behavior of PSN DHF. One of the advice given was to the health institution to should give more various ways of information related to dengue prevention in the community.
Ellen’s Anorexia in To the Bone Movie (2017)
Authors: Lubianti Elsa , Agustina Mia Fitria , Budi Utami Shofi Mahmudah
Published: August 2020

The research aims to figure out factors causing Ellen, the main character of Noxon’s movie entitled To the Bone, experiences anorexia. The qualitative method is used to collect, interpret, and analyze data. Reading, rereading, collecting, sorting, grouping, interpreting, and analyzing are steps conducted to get the primary data taken from the movie. In addition, the researcher applied Psychology of Literature Theory, Anorexia Nervosa Theory, and Cinematography Theory to answer the research question. The result of this research shows that Ellen’s anorexia is caused by two factors. The first is internal factors (being stress, feeling lonely, and experiencing depression). This factor cannot be seen from other’s viewpoints, but it can be felt by Ellen only. The second is external factors because of her parents’ divorce. The divorce makes Ellen lack of affection and attention. This divorce also causes poor communication between Ellen and her parents. Thus, those two internal factors lead Ellen feels isolated and also makes Ellen’s self-esteem suffered which finally render Ellen experiences anorexia.
Reflection of Ideology: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Donald Trump’s Declaration Speech of Jerusalem as Capital City of Israel
Authors: Pradiptha Widyo Andana , Purwati Tuti , Hadiati Chusni
Published: August 2020

This research focuses on the legitimacy of Donald Trump’s speech in declaring Jerusalem as the capital city of Israel on December 2017. This research aims to: (1) identify the text structure of the speech, (2) describe the social cognition of this speech, (3) and to reveal the social context of this speech. The compiled data is analyzed by using Van Dijk’s CDA theory of socio-cognitive (1988). This theory has interrelated three dimensions of analysis consisting of text structure, social cognition, and social context. The method of this research is qualitative by using the descriptive analysis. The data source of this research is the speech text of Donald Trump declaration speech of Jerusalem as Israel’s capital on December 2017. The result of this research shows that there is semantic aspect (microstructure) used by Donald Trump: Background (7), Detail (4), and Presupposition (15). From the analysis, the researcher argues that Donald Trump tends to be pro-Israel. This is supported in the structure of the text by how it consistently uses direct language to influence the emotional attachment of the intended by using logical facts and emotional involvement to make negative out-group representations to get positive representations to them and their allies. Furthermore, social cognition reveals the ideology and partisanship of Donald Trump about this conflict. It can be identified clearly by correlating the context of this speech to something that related to Israel-Palestine conflict. In social cognition, as the president of the United States of America, Donald Trump has a massive influence to the international world, even though it caused pros and contras for all elements of society. Possible further research about critical discourse analysis can be conducted by analyzing other issues. In short, it is also a suggestion to the other researchers to investigate more variation data such as news, advertisement, movie, and so on
Aspek Sosial Pada Tokoh Utama dalam Cerpen Mahou Hakase
Authors: Syahidah Azimatusy , Hamidah Idah , Kurniawan Eko
Published: August 2020

This research in entitled “The Social Aspects of the Main Characters in Mahou Hakase Short Stories”. The purpose of this research is to know the social aspects including habitus, capital, domain, and practice of the main character named Genko Sensei in the short story of Mahou Hakase by Iwaya Sazanami. The theory used is the theory of literary sociology popularized by Pierre Bourdieu regarding habitus, capital, domain, and practice. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods as well as data collection by referring to and taking notes. The data used in the form of paragraphs, sentences, and dialogs in the short story. The results of this study found 38 sosial aspects including 7 habitus, 11 capital, 4 domains, and 16 practices owned by Genko Sensei. Habitus that he had was a good relationship, considered to be good and honest, and able to change bad habits into good. This he combined with capital held in the form of money, a college degree, public speaking skills, do not hesitate to act, confident, good cooperation skills and magic abilities. By utilizing the habitus and capital, Genko Sensei able to do a lot of practice (such as lingers though without legs, grow horns to fight the enemy, and others) to master the realm of Germany, the University, and the Palace. In the end, he was able to become famous, get a degree, defeat the enemy, gain power by winning the hearts of the King at the palace, and received a lot of gifts. Above aligned with Pierre Bourdieu's theory about the relationship habitus, capital, and domains, resulting in practice to seize power.
PERILAKU HIGIENE PENGAMBILAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA DI KALISARI PURWOKERTO UTARA KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Heryanto Heryanto
Published: August 2020

Latar Belakang: Upaya mencegah dan mengurangi angka kematian akibat penyakit, setiap individu dituntut memiliki kebiasaan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, yaitu melaksanakan kebersihan pribadi sesuai dengan standar kebersihan dan kesehatan. Pekerjaan mengambil sampah rumah tangga di daerah Kalisari memiliki potensi risiko terkena berbagai jenis penyakit akibat kerja yang setiap hari berinteraksi dengan sampah, sehingga perilaku kebersihan individu diperlukan untuk mencegah risiko kegiatan kerja.

Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan teknik penentuan sampel purposive dan bola salju. Untuk mendapatkan data, peneliti menggunakan wawancara mendalam dan teknik observasi, sedangkan untuk mendapatkan informasi data yang valid, penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi data, sumber, dan metode. Dalam upaya untuk mengeksplorasi informasi tentang kebersihan individu, pekerja yang mengambil peneliti limbah rumah tangga menggunakan subjek penelitian. Subjek penelitian adalah 5 pekerja dengan satu rasi bintang atau data telah mencapai titik jenuh dan tidak berbeda lagi.

Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian tentang kebersihan pribadi pekerja pengumpul sampah, pekerja belum dapat secara definitif memahami pengetahuan kebersihan individu. Sikap pekerja mendukung mendukung kebersihan individu dan beberapa telah menggunakan APD, yaitu sepatu topi yang bagus. Sarana prsarana di tempat kerja, tidak semua pekerja menggunakan atribut kerja yang lengkap, yaitu APD. Petugas Puskermas dalam hal ini petugas sanitasi memberikan konseling dalam upaya memberikan informasi kebersihan pribadi.
Analisis Efektivitas Program Pos Peduli Gizi Anak Berbasis Potensi Lokal
Authors: Chomawati Rina , Handayani Oktia Woro Kasmini
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK

Tahun 2016, prevalensi gizi kurang di Mijen lebih tinggi daripada angka prevalensi di Kota Semarang yaitu sebesar 4,2%. Tujuan penelitian yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2018 ini adalah mengidentifikasi sejauh mana program Pos Peduli Gizi Anak Berbasis Potensi Lokal efektif dalam mengatasi masalah gizi di Mijen. Jenis penelitian adalah field research dengan teknik mixed method analysis. Fokus penelitian adalah efektivitas program meliputi input, process dan output. Sembilan informan ditentukan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data kualitatif menggunakan Miles dan Huberman sedangkan data kuantitatifnya menggunakan deskriptif persentase dengan kriteria keefektian Arikunto (2002). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa input program berjalan sesuai dengan SOP, process program yaitu penemuan kasus gizi efektif (60%), penanganan kasus gizi cukup efektif (50%) dan pendampingan kasus gizi efektif (60%). Output program, ada perbedaan berat badan pada balita sebelum dan sesudah intervensi yaitu kisaran 0,3 kg-1,9 kg. Status gizi tidak bisa didefinisikan karena durasi pelaksanaan program yang kurang. Simpulan penelitian yaitu program Pos Peduli Gizi Anak berbasis Potensi Lokal efektif untuk mengatasi masalah gizi di daerah urban fringe.
PERSEPSI ORANG DEWASA TERHADAP KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA AWAL (STUDI KASUS DI JALUR PANTAI UTARA, JAWA BARAT)
Authors: Juariah Juariah
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi orang dewasa tentang kesehatan reproduksi remaja awal di daerah Pantai Utara Jawa Barat. Penelitian kualitatif ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Pusakajaya Kabupaten Subang pada Bulan Juli 2017. Informan ditetapkan secara purposif yaitu orangtua, guru dan tokoh masyarakat berjumlah 45 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan Diskusi Kelompok Terarah. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan analisis isi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masalah utama kesehatan reproduksi remaja awal di daerah pantai utara adalah kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan untuk remaja putri dan merokok serta menggunakan NAPZA untuk remaja putra. Beberapa permasalahan yang berdampak terhadap kesehatan reproduksi remaja antara lain remaja menjadikan teman sebagai panutan, kesulitan orang dewasa berkomunikasi dengan remaja terkait kesehatan reproduksi, keterbatasan kurikulum, bahan dan alat bantu pengajaran kesehatan reproduksi di sekolah. Kemiskinan, lingkungan yang negatif dan kurangnya perhatian pemerintah setempat merupakan tantangan yang harus diselesaikan. Beberapa solusi yang ditawarkan adalah memperkuat ketahanan keluarga, meningkatkan kapasitas sekolah dalam memberikan pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi serta menyadarkan seluruh lapisan masyarakat secara terus menerus dengan didukung kebijakan pemerintah. Mengeksplorasi persepsi orang dewasa mengenai kesehatan reproduksi remaja awal dilakukan sebagai bentuk pelibatan sejak tahapan awal desain program agar mereka dapat menjadi mitra yang efektif dalam menemukan dan memenuhi kebutuhan kesehatan reproduksi remaja.
RELATIONSHIP SUPPORT OF WORK PLACES WITH EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING ON WORKING MOTHERS
Authors: Santi Mina Yumei , Santoso Sabar , Sholihah Nasyiatush
Published: August 2020

United Nation Childrens Fund dan World Health Organization merekomendasikan pemberian ASI eksklusif untuk menurunkan angka mortalitas dan morbiditas bayi.  Ibu bekerja cenderung tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif dibandingkan ibu yang tidak bekerja atau ibu rumah tangga. Kurangnya dukungan tempat kerja menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab kegagalan ASI eksklusif pada ibu bekerja. Cakupan ASI eksklusif di wilayah Puskesmas Sewon II menurun dari tahun 2015 ke 2016 dan menjadi salah satu puskesmas dengan cakupan terendah di Kabupaten Bantul. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan tempat kerja dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu bekerja di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sewon II. Metode yang digunakan observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling dan melibatkan 70 responden yaitu ibu balita yang bekerja. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil studi menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara dukungan tempat kerja dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu bekerja dengan p-value 0,011 (α = <0,05) dan keeratan hubungan rendah dengan coefficient contingency 0,291. Karakteristik responden yang berhubungan dengan ASI eksklusif yaitu pendidikan, paritas, dan durasi kerja. Tempat kerja diharapkan memberikan waktu, sarana prasarana, dan kebijakan yang mendukung ASI eksklusif pada ibu bekerja sesuai dengan peraturan pemerintah.
EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN OPTIMALISASI PERAN TOKOH MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN TENTANG DIABETES MELITUS DAN PERANNYA DI DESA BABAKAN KECAMATAN KARANGLEWAS
Authors: Kurniawan Arif , Anandari Dian , Rubai Windri Lesmana , Machfiroh Arrum Firda Ayu
Published: August 2020

Tokoh agama dan tokoh masyarakat yang berada di perdesaan mempunyai dukungan lebih rendah dalam mencegah Diabetes Melitus. Survey pendahuluan menunjukkan pengetahuan tokoh agama dan tokoh masyarakat di Desa Babakan masih rendah, dan belum optimalnya peran tokoh masyarakat sebagai penyuluh, peran tokoh masyarakat sebagai penggerak, peran tokoh masyarakat sebagai motivator, peran tokoh masyarakat sebagai katalisator, dan peran tokoh masyarakat sebagai teladan dalam mencegah diabetes mellitus di Desa Babakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektifitas pelatihan dengan metode ceramah, diskusi dan praktek dalam peningkatan pengetahuan tentang diabetes melitus, dan pengetahuan tentang peran tokoh masyarakat dalam mencegah diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi experiment one group pre test-post test design pre dan post without control.  Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama di desa Babakan. Sampel penelitian ini adalah total populasi sejumlah 32 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelatihan tidak efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang diabetes melitus, namun efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang peran tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama dalam mencegah diabetes melitus di desa Babakan.
Authors: Rosmiati Rosmiati Ros , Jindar Sri Wahyuni
Published: August 2020

Menarche (haid pertama) merupakan haid yang pertama kali terjadi pada dinding rahim dan yang dikenal dengan istilah darah haid, haid pertama tanda kesiapan biologis, dan tanda siklus masa subur telah mulai. Kesiapan menghadapi menarche adalah keadaan yang menujukkan bahwa seseorang siap untuk mencapai salah satu kematangan fisik yaitu datangnya menarche, hal ini ditandai dengan adanya pemahaman pengetahuan yang mendalam tentang proses menstruasi sehingga siap menerima dan mengalami menarche sebagai proses yang normal. Ketidaktahuan remaja tentang menstruasi dapat mengakibatkan anak sulit untuk menerima menarche. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan kecemasan remaja putri menghadapi menarche. Dalam penelitian ini jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian non eksperimen dengan metode survey analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, didapatkan 66 responden sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan diuji dengan menggunakan uji statistik chi square dimana α =0,002 dengan bantuan statistical package for social science (SPSS) Hasil analisis bivariate didapatkan bahwa ρ yaitu 0,002 sedangkan nilai  α =0,05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan tentang menarche dengan kecemasan menghadapi menarche pada siswi kelas VII  SMP Negeri 12 Makassar.
Stigma and Life Satisfaction among Out-of-School Korean Youths: The Mediating Roles of Self-Esteem and Depression
Authors: Cho Myong Sun
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which self-esteem and depression mediated the influence of internalized stigma on life satisfaction among Korean out-of-school youths. Cross-sectional data on 318 youths provided information on perceived stigma, self-esteem, depression, life satisfaction, and personal characteristics. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was followed by structured path analysis to investigate the mediation effects. Internalized stigma was negatively associated with life satisfaction. Self-esteem significantly mediated the influence of stigma on depression and the influence of depression on life satisfaction. Further, stigma directly and significantly influenced depression. This study demonstrated that self-esteem and depression were important to the relationship between internalized stigma and life satisfaction. Implications for possible policies and programs with the aim of helping out-of-school youths to integrate and lead successful satisfying lives are discussed.
The Efficacy of Hypotensive Agents on Intraoperative Bleeding and Recovery Following General Anesthesia for Nasal Surgery: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Lee Junuk , Kim Sung Won , Hwang Se Hwan
Published: August 2020

Objectives. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to evaluate hypotensive agents in terms of their adverse effects and associations with perioperative morbidity in patients undergoing nasal surgery.Methods. Two authors independently searched databases (Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane databases) up to February 2020 for randomized controlled trials comparing the perioperative administration of a hypotensive agent with a placebo or other agent. The outcomes of interest for this analysis were intraoperative morbidity, operative time, intraoperative bleeding, hypotension, postoperative nausea/vomiting, and postoperative pain. Both a standard pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were conducted.Results. Our analysis was based on 37 trials. Treatment networks consisting of six interventions (placebo, clonidine, dexmedetomidine, beta-blockers, opioids, and nitroglycerine) were defined for the network meta-analysis. Dexmedetomidine resulted in the greatest differences in intraoperative bleeding (−0.971; 95% confidence interval [CI], −1.161 to −0.781), intraoperative fentanyl administration (−3.683; 95% CI, −4.848 to −2.518), and postoperative pain (−2.065; 95% CI, −3.170 to −0.960) compared with placebo. The greatest difference in operative time compared with placebo was achieved with clonidine (−0.699; 95% CI, −0.977 to −0.421). All other agents also had beneficial effects on the measured outcomes. Dexmedetomidine was less likely than other agents to cause adverse effects.Conclusion. This study demonstrated the superiority of the systemic use of dexmedetomidine as a perioperative hypotensive agent compared with the other five tested agents. However, the other agents were also superior to placebo in improving operative time, intraoperative bleeding, and postoperative pain.
Anti-inflammatory Mechanism of Rhein in Treating Asthma Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Feng Junfang , Chen Ou , Wang Yibiao
Published: August 2020

Background: Network pharmacological methods were used to predict the anti-inflammatory targets and related pathways of rhein in the treatment of asthma, and to elucidate its mechanism of action. In addition, we validated the anti-inflammatory effects of rhein in HBE cells. Methods: The corresponding targets of rhein were obtained from the TCMSP 2.3, and molecular docking was also performed. A network of predicted rhein targets was established and analysed with Cytoscape 3.7.1. The anti-inflammatory targets in the TTD database were searched to build a PPI network, which was merged with the ingredient-target network to screen anti-inflammatory targets associated with rhein. A network of anti-inflammatory rhein targets during the in vivo treatment of asthma was constructed to screen the anti-inflammatory targets related to asthma. KEGG enrichment analysis was performed with the Enrichr database and Cytoscape 3.7.1. The expression levels of proteins in the MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathway were assessed by western blot analysis. Results: Altogether, 17 targets were obtained. Epidermal active growth factor receptor (EGFR), E-selecting (E-SELE), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) might be important anti-inflammatory targets of rhein during asthma treatment. We selected the MAPK signalling pathway to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of rhein. Conclusion: The anti-inflammatory mechanism of the treatment of asthma with rhein may be related to MAPK14, EGFR, E-SELE and MIF as well as their signalling pathways. To prevent the exacerbation of asthma, instead of targeting a single pathway or a single target, all these targets and their signalling pathways should be controlled holistically. Rhein may reduce inflammation by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB pathway.
Efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and shear-wave elastography in conjunction with BI-RADS classification for diagnosis of small breast nodules
Authors: Shen Yan , He Jie , Liu Miao , Hu Jiaojiao , Wan Yonglin , Zhang Tingting , Ding Jun , Dong Jiangnan , Fu Xiaohong
Published: August 2020

Background: Identification of malignancy in small breast nodules can be difficult using conventional methods, especially in patients with dense breast tissue. Advanced imaging techniques, including contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and shear-wave elastography (SWE), could be used in conjunction with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classification to characterize these nodules more effectively. This study aimed to evaluate the use of CEUS and SWE for the differentiation of benign from malignant small (≤ 2 cm) breast nodules.Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records and imaging data of 302 patients who underwent evaluation for 305 small breast nodules from November 2015 to December 2019. BI-RADS classification of nodules and the results of CEUS and SWE were retrospectively analyzed; the diagnostic efficacy of these techniques was evaluated by comparison with pathology results. Receiver operating characteristic curves were analyzed based on the CEUS patterns and shear-wave velocity values of nodules. The sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracies of BI-RADS, CEUS, SWE, and a combination of all three methods for identifying benign versus malignant small breast nodules were investigated.Results: CEUS was effective at diagnosing malignant nodules when at least two out of nine suspicious features were present. Receiver operating curve analysis revealed that the best cut-off value for SWE was 3.7 m/s. For the diagnosis of benign breast nodules, the BI-RADS classification was reduced by one level when both CEUS and SWE were used, and was unchanged when either CEUS or SWE alone were used; the highest and lowest levels were category 5 and 3, respectively. Furthermore, when using the combined method, 75.8% (91/120) of small breast nodules with a BI-RADS category 4A classification avoided the need for coarse needle biopsies.Conclusion: Both CEUS and SWE can be used as auxiliary methods for clarifying BI-RADS classification of breast nodules, and a combination of these techniques may provide more diagnostic efficacy for identifying malignancy in small breast nodules.
Decreasing the leakage of continuous femoral nerve catheter fixation using 2 - octyl cyanoacrylate glue ( Demabond® ): A Randomized Controlled Trial study
Authors: Chalacheewa Theerawat , Arnuntasupakul Vanlapa , Sangkum Lisa , Buachai Rungrawan
Published: August 2020

Background : Continuous peripheral nerve catheters (CPNCs) have been used for postoperative pain relief. The common problem with CPNCs is pericatheter leakage that can compromise the sterile dressing, un-necessitating frequent dressing that may increase the risk of dislodgement and perineural catheter colonization or infections. Adhesive glue is useful for fixing peripheral nerve catheter as well as prevent leakage around the puncture site. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of pericatheter leakage by using fixation with 2 -octyl cyanoacrylate glue (Demabond) compared to sterile strip. Methods : Thirty patients undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty and received continuous femoral nerve block were randomized to perineural catheter fixation with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate glue or sterile strip. The primary outcome was the incidence of pericatheter leakage. Secondary outcomes included frequent of catheter migration, difficulty of catheter removal, pain score and patient satisfaction. Results : The incidence of pericatheter leakage at 48 hours was 0% versus 100% in the intervention and control group. The incidence of displacement at 24 and 48 hours was 6.7% versus 93.3% and 6.7% versus 100%, respectively (P < 0.001). There was no difference in numeric rating scale, difficulty of catheter removal as well as satisfaction scores between groups. Conclusion : Catheter fixation with 2-octylcyanoacrylate reduced the incidence of pericatheter leakage as well as catheter displacement over 48 hours compare to sterile strip.
Long-term Condition Management for Prisoners: Improving the Interface Between Community and Prison
Authors: Wright Nat , Hankins F , Hearty P
Published: August 2020

Background: Prisoner populations have a disproportionately high prevalence of risk factors for long-term conditions (LTCs), and movement between community and prisons is a period of potential disruption in the ongoing monitoring and management of LTCs. Method: 19 qualitative interviews with staff, recruited by purposive sampling for professional background, were conducted to explore facilitators and barriers to screening, monitoring and medicines management for LTCs.Results: There is variability in prisoner behaviours regarding bringing community GP-prescribed medication to prison following arrest and detention in police custody, which affects service ability regarding seamless continuation of community prescribing actions. Systems for actively inputting clinical data into existing, nationally agreed, electronic record templates for QOF monitoring are under-developed in prisons and such activity is dependent upon individual “enthusiast(s)”. Similarly, compared to community systems, prison-based systems for “e-prescribing” functionality are under-developed. Conclusion: There is a pressing need to embed standardised QOF monitoring systems within an integrated community/prison commissioning framework, supported by connectivity between prison and community primary care records, including all activity related to QOF compliance. Developing systems for e-prescribing and wider medicines management can improve the quality of care for LTCs. Prison-based general practice has historically not been equivalent to that offered in community settings. Current pressing threats to community equivalence are that QOF monitoring systems are not embedded within prison healthcare payment structures and prison e-prescribing systems are underdeveloped. Supporting wider connectivity between prison and community GP records, including all activity related to QOF compliance and developing systems for e-prescribing had the potential to improve the quality of LTC care for this vulnerable group.
Proteomic and Metabolomic Analyses of the Inflorescences Axis of Castor (Ricinus conununis L.) at Different Developmental Stages
Authors: Zhao Yong , Peng Mu , Chang Ruhui , Zhu Guoli , He Zhibiao , Li Guorui , Di Jianjun , Li Lili , Zhao Huibo , Wen Qi , Liang Xiaotian , Meng Fanjuan , Huang Fenglan
Published: August 2020

Background: Castor is a dicotyledon, ricinus communis, Euphorbiaceae, and is oneof world ten oil crops. Lm female line castor has three inflorescence types(female with marker, haplometrotic and monoecious). Female with marker castor was realized as a restorer line and as a maintainer line,which was applied to castor hybrid breeding. The developmental mechanism of the three inflorescences is not clear.Results: Therefor, in this study , proteomic and metabolomic analyses of different inflorescences axis were performed. Seventy-three diferentially abundant protein species (DAPS) were detected in the proteomics analysis and 86 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) were identified from the proteomic and metabolomic analyses of the inflorescences axis, respectively. These DAPS and DAMs are primarily mainly involved in carbon metabolism, comprising carbon fixation in the photosynthetic organism pathway, the glycolysis pathway, carbon metabolic pathways, and the biosynthesis of amino acids. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results demonstrated that the proteomics and metabolomic data collected in this study were reliable.Conclusions: The results of this study provides some valuable insights into the inflorescence development of castor: Specifically, the results showed that DAPS and DAMs are involved in photosynthesis and respiration to control the distribution of imported carbohydrates and exported photoassimilates and thus affect inflorescence development of castor. Furthermore, the dynamic balance of amino acids in different types of inflorescences was also shown to be essential in affecting inflorescence structure.