bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of preformed physical factors in the correction of dry eye syndrome after phacoemulsification: a randomized trial
Authors: Shulikova Marina K. , Shurygina Irina P.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Currently, modern high-tech methods of small incision cataract surgery are not always immune to the development of iatrogenic «dry eye» syndrome. Currently, one of the common complications of the anterior segment of the eye after small incision cataract surgery is the development of iatrogenic dry eye syndrome, which leads to a decrease in the quality of medical and social rehabilitation of operated patients.
Aim. Development and evaluation of the effectiveness of the complex use of preformed physical factors in the correction of «dry eye» syndrome in patients after phacoemulsification of cataract.
Materials and methods. The open randomized controlled clinical trial involved 90 patients (90 eyes) aged from 58 to 75 years, who were diagnosed with «dry eye» syndrome (DES) on the 1st day after phacoemulsification (PE) of cataract. Patients, depending on the treatment, were divided into three groups of 30 people (30 eyes).In the control group, patients received standard tear replacement therapy (RT) with Stillavit 4 times a day for 7 days,in the comparison group — in addition to ST 7 procedures of low-frequency magnetic therapy in the orbital area and in the main group — TRT was expanded by the complex application of low-frequency magnetic therapy to the orbital area and medicinal electrophoresis (EP) of the Taufon using the orbital-occipital technique for 7 daily procedures performed daily. Evaluation of parameters of ocular xerosis included: tear film rupture time, total tear production, and ocular surface disease index according to the OSDI questionnaire. The duration of the study was 6 months.
Results and discussion. Complete regression of the xerotic process was observed immediately after treatment in 76,7 % (23) of patients in the main group, in 40 % (12) patients in the comparison group and 20 % (6) of patients in the control group. After 6 months after surgery — in 96.7 % (29) of patients in the main group, in 83,3 % (25) of patients in the comparison group and 70 % (21) of patients in the control group.
Conclusion. The developed comprehensive program for the treatment of postoperative «dry eye» syndrome, which includes low-frequency magnetic therapy and medicinal electrophoresis Taufon against the background of tear replacement therapy, helps to significantly improve the clinical outcome of treatment, reduce the recovery time of the ocular surface and improve the quality of life of patients.
Magnetic and electrical stimulation in complex rehabilitation for myelodysplasia in children: a clinical randomized study
Authors: Nekrasova Anna M. , Bodrova Rezeda A. , Nefedeva Darya L.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Myelodysplasia (MD) in children is accompanied by disorders of the musculoskeletal system and pelvic functions, causing a decrease in activity and restriction of participation in society, leading to disability and contributing to social isolation. The rehabilitation potential, determined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), is realized when the child is active and participates in the processes of life. The improvement of methods and technologies for the rehabilitation of children with MD remains relevant.
Aim. To study the effect of medical rehabilitation in children with MD on the development of motor skills in all children and self-care in children over the age of 1 year.
Materials and methods. The study included 117 children diagnosed with male and female MD between the ages of 6 months and 13 years, 11 months and 30 days (average age 6 years and 9 ± 6 months). The diagnosis of the functioning of the body was performed in the categorical profile of the ICF using a ranking system for the degree of disorders / limitations of functioning. The subjects are divided into three groups. Patients of group I received physical rehabilitation, ergotherapy, magnetic stimulation of the spinal cord (MS) and electromyostimulation (EMS); group II — physical rehabilitation, ergotherapy and MS; group III — standard physical therapy techniques, massage, ergotherapy, therapy with sinusoidal modulated currents (SMT-therapy) on the muscles of the lower extremities.
Results and discussion. The effectiveness of consistent use of MS, EMS during physical exercises for the development of motor skills, classes with an occupational therapist on self-service skills has been demonstrated in children with MD, which is confirmed by positive dynamics in mobility and self-service skills assessed using functional scales and questionnaires. Medical rehabilitation increases muscle strength in children with MMD, and the combined use of MS with EMS during targeted exercises contributes to the effective development of motor functions. The development of motor skills and classes with an occupational therapist increase the level of independence in children with MD.
Conclusion. Medical rehabilitation with the inclusion of MS and EMS during the performance of targeted exercises contributes to the better development of motor skills and improves self-care in children with MD.
The influence of rhythm disturbances on the results of combined operations of pulmonary endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and coronary heart disease
Authors: Loginova I. Yu. , Klinkova A. S. , Kamenskaya O. V. , Porotnikova S. S. , Lomivorotov V. V. , Doronin D. V. , Edemskiy A. G. , Chernyavskiy A. M.
Published: November 2024

Aim. To study the features of the early postoperative period in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) with surgically significant stenosis of the coronary arteries and to evaluate the impact of cardiac arrhythmias on the hospital period after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Material and methods. The study cohort included 45 patients with CTEPH with surgically significant coronary artery stenosis at the age of 61.4 (55.3-69.5) years. All patients underwent PEA (1st stage) and CABG (2nd stage). The relationship between concomitant rhythm disturbances and various complications in the early postoperative period was assessed using logistic regression analysis.

Results. Initially, in the study cohort, rhythm disturbances were recorded in 33.3% of cases, where atrial fibrillation accounted for a large proportion. Among the early postoperative complications, the leading ones were neurological disorders (28.9%). Hospital mortality was 6.7%. Concomitant rhythm disturbances in the studied patients were associated with the postoperative development of neurological disorders (OR 4.7 (2.5-7.3; p=0.02)), heart failure (OR 2.2 (1.5-6.8); p=0.03)) and acute renal failure (OR 2.4 (1.4-7.9; p=0.01)).

Conclusion. In high-risk cardiac surgical patients with CTEPH and surgically significant coronary artery stenosis, various rhythm disturbances are recorded in 33.3% of cases. In the hospital period after PEA and CABG in the studied patients, neurological disorders accounted for a large proportion of complications among the complications. Hospital mortality was 6.7%. Concomitant rhythm disturbances in patients with CTEPH with surgically significant coronary artery stenosis are associated with a more severe course of the early postoperative period and increase the chances of developing neurological disorders, acute renal failure and acute heart failure.
Lead implantation in the late activation zone of the left ventricle determined by preoperative noninvasive mapping to improve the efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Stepanova V. V. , Zubarev S. V. , Marinin V. A. , Savelyeva M. A. , Lebedev D. S.
Published: November 2024

Aim. In a prospective study to determine whether implantation of a left ventricular lead (LVL) into the zone of late electrical activation of left ventricle (LV) determined by noninvasive electrophysiological mapping before implantation increases the number of responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) compared to standard approach. To evaluate the dependence of the response to CRT on the position of the stimulating pole of the LVL in relation to the zone of late activation during the native rhythm.

Methods. The study included two groups of patients with indications for CRT of I and II a class according to the European Society of Cardiology recommendations on pacing and resynchronization therapy in 2021. In the main group (n=60) noninvasive electrophysiological mapping (NEM) was performed before implantation in order to determine the zone of late electrical activation of the LV. Patients in the control group (n=60) underwent standard implantation without NEM procedure. The response to CRT in both groups was compared. The influence of the distance from the stimulating pole of LVL to the late zone of LV activation at the initial rhythm (distance LVL-late zone) on the formation of response to CRT was analyzed.

Results. Analysis of conjugation of response to CRT depending on the group demonstrated statistically significant differences between the number of responders/ non-responders to CRT in the main and control groups (51/9 vs. 38/22, respectively, p<0.01). Analysis of the dependence of the response to CRT on the LVL-late zone distance in both groups revealed a statistically significant influence of this indicator: Pearson Chi-square Criterion = 50.27, p<0.01. According to the logistic regression equation, a significant increase in the probability of no response to CRT from 0 points to 1 point occurred in the range of LVL-late zone distance values of 46-57 mm. The probability of response was minimal in case the value exceeded 57 mm.

Conclusions. Targeted implantation of LVL into the late zone determined by NEM significantly increases the probability of response to CRT. When the distance from the stimulating pole of LVL to the late zone is ˃57 mm, the probability of a response to CRT is minimal.
Amyloid cardiomyopathy: сlinical significance and diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Ezhikova M. V. , Nasonova S. N. , Ustyuzhanin D. V. , Shariya M. A. , Zhirov I. V. , Tereshchenko S. N.
Published: November 2024

The incidence and prevalence of amyloid cardiomyopathy (AC) has been increasing in recent years, and this diagnosis is often detected at the final stage. This determines late prescription of specific therapy and worsening prognosis of patients. Unfortunately, doctors are not sufficiently informed about the pathogenesis of AC and diagnostic methods. This circumstance leads to prolongation of time from the manifestation of the disease to the diagnosis. Despite the presence of a large number of AC masks, a number of specific clinical diagnostic markers called «red flags» helps to suspect AC. In addition, the development of diagnostic algorithms using non-invasive imaging methods can help not only in diagnosing AC at an early stage of the disease, but also in determining the type of amyloidosis, that determines the success of timely administration of disease-modifying therapy. The aim of this review is to analyze the possibility of using MRI criteria to attempt non-invasive typing of amyloidosis and to differentiate ATTR and AL AС.
A case report of gastrointestinal bleeding during dual antiplatelet therapy in a patient with coronary heart disease
Authors: Deeva E. S. , Isaikina M. A. , Trushina O. Iu. , Fomin V. V. , Pogonin A. V. , Tamkaeva M. K.
Published: November 2024

Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death in both developed and developing countries. Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid is used worldwide for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events on a long-term basis to reduce mortality and lethality. At the same time, the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding associated with acetylsalicylic acid intake is steadily increasing. The presented case report illustrates the development of gastrointestinal bleeding against the background of dual antiplatelet therapy in a patient with coronary heart disease with a history of ulcers. A 65-year-old patient with an aggravated coronary history was routinely hospitalized in the cardiology department. On admission to the hospital, taking into account the increasing complaints of crushing pain behind the sternum, acute coronary syndrome was excluded in the patient, esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed, which revealed a subcardia callous ulcer. On the same day, there was a negative trend in clinical manifestations in the form of syncope, hypotension up to 70/50 mmHg, vomiting «coffee grounds». According to the data of repeated emergency esophagogastroduodenoscopy a superficial ulcerous defect in the subcardia area with bleeding vessel in the bottom was revealed and combined endoscopic hemostasis was performed. Further examination of the patient revealed Helicobacter pylori infection, which in combination with other risk factors influenced the occurrence of this complication. First-line anti-ulcer eradication therapy was prescribed. The patient subjectively evaluated his condition as satisfactory and was discharged with recommendations for outpatient treatment. The purpose of this case report is to emphasize the importance of timely detection and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in high-risk patients. This may allow for timely prevention of bleeding in patients with high-risk coronary heart disease in the future, taking into account a personalized approach.
Digital Twin Technology, Predictive Analytics, and Sustainable Project Management in Global Supply Chains for Risk Mitigation, Optimization, and Carbon Footprint Reduction through Green Initiatives
Authors: Onma Enyejo Joy , Peter Fajana Ololade , Sele Jok Irene , Judith Ihejirika Chidimma , Olusola Awotiwon Babatunde , Motilola Olola Toyosi
Published: November 2024

This review explores the integration of digital twin technology, predictive analytics, and sustainable project management to enhance global supply chain efficiency, resilience, and environmental sustainability. Digital twins provide real-time virtual representations of physical supply chain systems, enabling predictive analytics to identify potential disruptions and optimize decision-making processes. By combining these advanced technologies with sustainable project management practices, such as circular supply chains and green logistics, organizations can proactively address risks while reducing their carbon footprint. The focus on data- driven insights and scenario analysis facilitates informed risk mitigation and resource optimization. The integration of frameworks like the Triple Bottom Line emphasizes the importance of balancing economic, social, and environmental objectives in project management. This approach aims to improve supply chain performance, drive sustainability efforts, and create a resilient logistics network that adapts effectively to market uncertainties and environmental challenges.
The Clinical Conundrum of Periapical Lesions: Granuloma or Cyst?
Authors: Jagadeesha Preeya , R Vernekar Rohan , Prakash Prima , Rao Dhanya , Kini Raghavendra , Rohan Priyal
Published: November 2024

Periapical lesions typically arise as a result of pulp disease, often due to untreated dental caries, secondary to trauma or periodontal disease. There is a cascade of pathologies one leading to another. Periapical lesion usually represents sequelae of pulpitis. [1] This case report documents a puzzling dental situation in a 20-year- old female. Initial clinical evaluation suggested an infected root stump, however, histopathological examination revealed a periapical granuloma. We highlight the systematic analysis and decision making process leading to the revised diagnosis, underscoring the importance of integrated clinical and histopathological assessment in resolving complex dental dilemmas.
Contribution of Rainfall Intensity to Flooding in Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Collins Ojoh Oghenekome , Odigwe Moses , Prince Ike Onyemenam, , Odiyirin Boyitie Paul
Published: November 2024

The frequency and risk of flash floods in Ozoro have increased due to climate change and intense rainfall events. The territory was divided into five pre- existing communities throughout the three-month research period, which ran from July to September 2023. Measurements were made to ascertain the flood's volume, area, length, and depth. Using a regular rain gauge with a moveable geo-referenced device, rainfall data was gathered. The rainfall total for July 2023 dropped to 6732.6 mm, and by September of the same year, it further reduced to 1121.5mm. This resulted in a flood that covered an area of 6435m2 and had a volume of 14431.4m3 . The neighbourhood that experienced the highest level of flooding was Oruamahdu Quarters, with an average depth of 0.6 metres. The average rainfall rate is 89.7 millimetres per hour, suggesting heavy rainfall. The most return rainfall occurred in July, while the least amount occurred in August. The calculated F value of 77.34 indicates a substantial correlation between the volume of rainfall and the flood volume in Ozoro. Flood flow decreased at a rate of 11.57 m3/day over the study period. In Ozoro, the increasing intensity of rainfall is responsible for 85.6% of floods. To help city planners visualise the combined dangers of floods and drainage, the rainfall intensity-duration- frequency (IDF) curve should be employed as a metric for climate adaptation.
Politics of Pipeline Ownership, Usage and Obligations in Oil and Gas Sector of South Sudan
Authors: Chol Riak Jacob Dut
Published: November 2024

The study focuses on the politics of pipelines in South Sudan. It investigates the pipeline ownership, usage and obligations in oil and gas sector, particularly, in the context of South Sudan. The study defines pipeline, discusses the typologies of pipelines such as liquid petroleum pipelines that include crude oil, refined production and highly volatile liquid and natural gas pipelines such as transmission and distribution lines. While its notes the features of pipeline, its argues the pipeline transportation model that embraces push-back and traditional types. The study surveys various alternatives for ownership and usage of pipeline such as build your own pipeline, access to third party pipeline, hybrid and equity pipeline ownerships. While noting the importance of obligations and responsibilities on the pipeline in the midstream section of oil and gas sector, the study argues the key obligations of key parties in the pipeline in areas of financing, governance structure, transportation, shipment, maintenance of health, safe and clean environment. The study appreciates the existing of trans-boundary pipelines in South Sudan to Sudan such as Dar Petroleum Operating Company (DPOC)/Bashayer Pipeline Company (BAPCO), Greater Pioneer Operating Company (GPOC)/Greater Nile Oil Pipeline Company (GNOPC) and Sudd Petroleum Operating Company (SPOC) pipeline. The study notes the politics of ownership, usage and obligations of pipeline through cut- throat politics between South Sudan and Sudan and through non-technical negotiations of pipeline tariffs/fees by the Government of South Sudan. The outcome of this cut-throat politics is delay of the fixing of destroyed DPOC pipeline by Sudan Rapid Force (SRF) by the Government of Sudan. Although the study uses process-tracing, case study and literature review as its methodology, it describes and surveys the global understanding of piping as a very useful tool in midstream segment of oil and gas sector. The study concludes that ownership, usage and obligations of pipeline should be technically agreed upon by the countries pipelines pass through their territories, rather than being politically motivated. Both the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan should immediately review pipelines fees using percentage/sliding scale model. The study recommends further research on technical negotiations of pipeline host agreements and particularly, pipeline fees so that each country is not disadvantaged when prices of oil plummets and when pipelines are destroyed during the war.The study also recommends to the oil and gas pundits on pipelines to exhaustively study the pipelines components and technologies use so as to innovate the best pipeline components and technologies for crude oil or gas that should be embraced by the piping world.
Industry 4.0 and Sustainability: Towards Vision and Ideas
Authors: Prajapati Nandini
Published: November 2024

The integration and upgrade of Industry 4.0 technologies, such as IoT sensors and data analytics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning, have revolutionized the way resources are utilized and optimized with the help of artificial intelligence and machine learning, data can be adaptive, predictive, and generative. By exploiting real-time monitoring and data- driven insights, organizations can significantly reduce waste and enhance resource efficiency, aligning with sustainability goals and minimizing environmental impact. The deployment of IoT sensors enables the collection of real-time data on resource usage, allowing for prompt identification of areas where waste can be minimized, and efficiency can be improved. The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in waste management and water conservation has indeed revolutionized the way we approach these critical environmental challenges. By using AI-powered technologies, we can optimize waste recycling processes, reduce waste generation, and promote more efficient use of water resources. A comprehensive review of the literature reveals that Industry 4.0 technologies. This work aims to contribute adding a new sight of research by finding a comprehensive review of the relationship between Industry 4.0 and sustainability. By examining the present state of research in this area, identifying gaps and limitations, and proposing future research directions and unanswered questions, this work seeks to advance our understanding of the complex relationship between Industry 4.0 technologies and sustainability. Ultimately, this research aims to inform the development of strategies and policies that can harness the potential of Industry 4.0 technologies to drive. That's a concise summary of the concept of Sustainable Development (SD). Here's a polished version: Sustainable Development: A Triple Bottom Line Approach Sustainable Development (SD) is a forward- looking paradigm emphasizing positive transformation through social, economic, and environmental factors. According to Taylor (2016), SD rests on three foundational pillars:  Economic Sustainability- Ensuring long-term economic growth and stability  Social Sustainability- Promoting social equality, justice, and human well-being  Environmental Sustainability- Protecting and preserving natural resources for future generations These interconnected pillars form the basis of SD, recognizing that economic development, social progress, and environmental stewardship are interdependent and essential for a sustainable future.
A 2.9 hr Periodic Radio Transient with an Optical Counterpart
Authors: Hurley-Walker N. , McSweeney S. J. , Bahramian A. , Rea N. , Horváth C. , Buchner S. , Williams A. , Meyers B. W. , Strader Jay , Aydi Elias , Urquhart Ryan , Chomiuk Laura , Galvin T. J. , Coti Zelati F. , Bailes Matthew
Published: November 2024

We present a long-period radio transient (GLEAM-X J0704−37) discovered to have an optical counterpart, consistent with a cool main-sequence star of spectral type M3. The radio periodicity occurs at the longest period yet found, 2.9 hr, and was discovered in archival low-frequency data from the Murchison Widefield Array. High time resolution observations from MeerKAT show that pulsations from the source display complex microstructure and high linear polarisation, suggesting a pulsar-like emission mechanism occurring due to strong, ordered magnetic fields. The timing residuals, measured over more than a decade, show tentative evidence of a ∼6 yr modulation. The high Galactic latitude of the system and the M-dwarf star excludes a magnetar interpretation, suggesting a more likely M-dwarf/white dwarf binary scenario for this system.
Artificial neural networks for stability analysis and simulation of delayed rabies spread models
Authors: Shafqat Ramsha , Alsaadi Ateq
Published: November 2024

Rabies remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in areas with substantial dog populations, necessitating a deeper understanding of its transmission dynamics for effective control strategies. This study addressed the complexity of rabies spread by integrating two critical delay effects—vaccination efficacy and incubation duration—into a delay differential equations model, capturing more realistic infection patterns between dogs and humans. To explore the multifaceted drivers of transmission, we applied a novel framework using piecewise derivatives that incorporated singular and non-singular kernels, allowing for nuanced insights into crossover dynamics. The existence and uniqueness of solutions was demonstrated using fixed-point theory within the context of piecewise derivatives and integrals. We employed a piecewise numerical scheme grounded in Newton interpolation polynomials to approximate solutions tailored to handle singular and non-singular kernels. Additionally, we leveraged artificial neural networks to split the dataset into training, testing, and validation sets, conducting an in-depth analysis across these subsets. This approach aimed to expand our understanding of rabies transmission, illustrating the potential of advanced mathematical tools and machine learning in epidemiological modeling.
Optimal control and analysis of a stochastic SEIR epidemic model with nonlinear incidence and treatment
Authors: Du Jinji , Qin Chuangliang , Hui Yuanxian
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we represented the optimal control and dynamics of a stochastic SEIR epidemic model with nonlinear incidence and treatment rate. By using the Lyapunov function method, the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution of the model were proved. The dynamic analysis of the stochastic model was studied and we found that the model has an ergodic stationary distribution when $ R_{0}^{s} > 1 $. The disease was extinct when $ R_{0}^{e} < 1 $. The optimal solution of the disease was obtained by using the stochastic control theory. The numerical simulation of our conclusion was carried out. The results showed that the disease decreased with the increase of the control variables.
Solving the incomplete data problem in Greco-Latin square experimental design by exact-scheme analysis of variance without data imputation
Authors: Sirikasemsuk Kittiwat , Wongsriya Sirilak , Leerojanaprapa Kanogkan
Published: November 2024

This study introduced a novel exact-scheme analysis of variance to tackle the challenge of incomplete data within the Greco-Latin square experimental design (GLSED), specifically for scenarios with a single missing observation across any treatment and block level, thus eliminating the need for conventional data imputation methods. This approach innovatively addresses and mitigates the bias in the treatment sum of squares, a significant drawback of traditional missing plot techniques, by providing a precise, exact-scheme-based formula for calculating the treatment sum of squares in fixed-effect GLSED contexts with unrecorded values. Moreover, it offers a method for correcting biased treatment sum of squares values, presenting an adjustment mechanism for instances where the least squares method was previously employed to estimate missing values. This comprehensive strategy not only enhances the methodological accuracy and integrity of GLSED studies but also contributes significantly to the field by offering a solution to navigate the complexities of incomplete datasets without resorting to data imputation, thus improving the rigor and validity of experimental designs in the face of missing data challenges.
Perspectivismo amerindio, perspectivismo filosófico. El alma de los indios y el cuerpo de los blancos
Authors: Liz Gutiérrez Antonio Manuel
Published: November 2024

Nuestro objetivo es trazar puentes entre el perspectivismo amerindio, recientemente estudiado con gran detalle por el antropólogo Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, y el perspectivismo filosófico, que identificaremos con la ayuda de cierto perfil plausible en relación a la propia tradición filosófica perspectivista. En ambos casos, se plantea con insistencia el problema de un relativismo que abrace la tesis igualitarista de que, en el fondo, todas las perspectivas tienen el mismo valor. Argumentamos que, pese a existir de hecho conexiones innegables con el relativismo, en los dos casos el perspectivismo dispone de recursos para considerar que el relativismo no es una consecuencia inevitable del perspectivismo. La actitud meliorista consistente en confiar que siempre pueden existir perspectivas mejores, y la disposición a buscarlas en procesos de interacción y cruces de perspectivas, es el factor crucial para diferenciar perspectivismo y relativismo. Que el perspectivismo pueda mantener diferenciada su identidad frente al relativismo es un resultado importante tanto para la antropología como para la filosofía.
Automatic Design Method for Urban Waterfront Residential Environment Layout Research
Authors: Li Jinghao , Zhang Binbin , Ma Ying , Wu Nanwei
Published: November 2024

In response to the evolving trends and demands of contemporary urban development, this study introduces an innovative approach to urban waterfront residential environment layout design. By leveraging the unique characteristics of urban water features, a novel automatic design methodology is proposed. This method entails the generation of models, thermal comfort analysis, and strategic layout recommendations through the quantification of spatial fields using concentric circles or chessboard grids. Weight assignment to elements such as water and mountains, coupled with the application of computer simulation techniques and genetic algorithms, facilitates efficient and effective design outcomes. By prioritizing simulation analysis in the design process, this methodology enhances the scientific basis of environmental performance-driven design schemes, ultimately optimizing the work efficiency of designers and contributing to the creation of sustainable urban waterfront settlements.
An Advanced Apriori Algorithm Technology to Enhance Sports Data Mining
Authors: Cao Maojun
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the optimization of association rule mining in the context of physical education (PE) data, focusing on modifying the Apriori algorithm to enhance its efficiency and accuracy. Recognizing the unique characteristics of PE data—such as the consistent length and limited scope of physical test metrics—the study proposes a novel approach that combines transaction compression with hash technology to refine the Apriori algorithm. This enhanced algorithm aims to analyze the correlations between physical fitness indicators effectively and quickly to identify key factors influencing student performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved model significantly increases operational efficiency while maintaining high mining accuracy. Additionally, the research addresses the integration of ecological education within PE, emphasizing the dynamic balance concept of “balance-unbalance-adaptation-balance” in optimizing the educational ecosystem. The findings are helpful for providing practical tools for educators to advance this field.
A Framework to Integrate Building Information Modelling to the Curriculum of the Quantity Surveying Undergraduate Degree Programme in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijekoon W. M. Y. S. , Kawmudi W. N.
Published: November 2024

One of the primary sectors that contributes to the national economy of the country is the construction industry. The Quantity Surveyors (QS), offer specific expertise in project management and cost estimation. A revolutionary change is occurring in Sri Lanka (SL)’s construction industry due to the increasing demand for innovative technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM). But the Sri Lankan construction industry has been remarkably lagging in adopting these cutting-edge techniques. According to past SL research findings, one of the main obstacles in BIM integration among QS professionals is a severe knowledge gap. By involving BIM approaches into QS education this research aims to develop a framework to implement BIM within the curriculum of quantity surveying undergraduates according to the industrial demand in SL. This paper focuses on the potential difficulties of integrating BIM into SL’s QS curriculum, where graduates may fulfill industry expectations. This research used questionnaire survey, semi- structured interviews for both academic and industrial QS professionals separately, and conducted existing university QS curriculum review to gather data. Purposive sampling is used as the sampling technique and this study uses a mixed-method approach to research, combining qualitative and quantitative evaluations, and analyzes data using descriptive statistics and content analysis. According to data gathered from industrial professionals, it was proved that SL construction industry does not widely use BIM and have a huge demand on knowledgeable BIM of QS in the current industry. Most of the knowledgeable BIM personnel gain knowledge from self-learning and by following some extra courses. Professionals with an academic background proved, that the current QS curriculums are outdated. As a solution, this research develops the framework to integrate BIM to the QS curriculum of the undergraduate degree programmes in SL. A framework suggestion is to be incorporated into the curriculum was the outcome of the researcher's reflections on the interview results. These results contribute to the growth and development of the Sri Lankan construction industry by knowledgeable QS professionals, thereby fostering the advancement of the Sri Lankan construction industry.
An Assessment of Land Use and Land Cover Changes on Urban Flooding: A Case Study in Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte
Authors: Wijesooriya H. S. , Chathuranga Manjula , Dinusha K. A. , Vithanage N. S.
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the relationship between Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes and urban flooding in the Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte Divisional Secretariat Division (DSD). The research objectives include analysing flooding patterns, mapping LULC changes, and assessing the correlation between these changes and flooding occurrences. Additionally, a temporal rainfall variation analysis was conducted to provide further context. The study employed Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, specifically utilising ArcGIS for LULC classification and Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation technique for rainfall data. The analysis reveals a clear association between heightened precipitation and major flood events. In 2010, the flood inundation area was 5.762 km² during the major flood in May, despite a monthly rainfall of over 650mm. However, in 2016, with over 700 mm of rainfall in May, the flood-inundated area was reduced to 4.046 km², highlighting the role of other factors such as wetland recovery. Moreover, it identifies significant LULC changes, emphasising rapid urbanisation and wetland decline. From 2009 to 2018, built-up areas increased from 11.49 km² to 14.18 km², while wetlands decreased from 2.29 km² in 2009 to 1.19 km² in 2015, before recovering slightly to 1.58 km² by 2018. The expansion of built-up areas is found to slightly increase flood risks, while wetland recovery acts as a natural flood buffer. This research underscores the importance of targeted interventions for urban flood resilience, such as flood-resistant infrastructure and wetland management. The findings provide critical insights for evidence-based urban planning and flood management strategies, aiming to create more resilient and sustainable urban environments.
Sri Lanka’s International Security Landscape: The Way Forward After Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: De Costa Padman
Published: November 2024

The ripple effects of the COVID-19 pandemic had reshaped the three-way nexus between the pandemics, national and international security, and international relations. When the public health issues strain international security and international relations at the same time, states are compelled to take different approaches to mitigate the effects on national integrity or sovereignty. However, in the Sri Lankan context, the possible long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are particularly disturbing. According to Peiris (2021), “pandemics go far beyond mere public health crises, leaving an indelible mark on the contemporary social fabric.” In that sense, a deep analysis is required to identify the tangible as well as intangible factors that resulted from such a catastrophe. Initially, COVID-19 impacted the social, economic, and political pillars of the Sri Lankan society and secondary effects were more in global context. In this context, this paper aims on identifying significant traditional and non-traditional security threats faced by Sri Lanka in the context of international security since due to the COVID -19 pandemic. This study is qualitative in nature. In that, in-depth interviews were conducted with a cross section of professionals involving major disciplines that have bearing on the traditional and non-traditional national security concerns. The NVivo was used in analysing the data gathered through in-depth interviews. This paper analyses the present applicability of Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT), which is one of the most comprehensive frameworks that outline distinct variables necessary for regional security analysis. However, the paper proposes changes to RSCT from a 2023 and beyond context after analysing the international security landscape since the COVID-19 pandemic. It is concluded that Sri Lanka should establish durable political stability as the essential component in reaching its economic goals. Civil society cultivation and engagement are two key areas in which Sri Lanka should focus more in the present context. It is imperative that Sri Lanka preserve and augment its domestic / national defence / regional security freedom of manoeuvre among large states such as China, India, th U.S.A and Russia using th correct blend of foreign policy whilst upholding national interests.
Impact of stem education in overcoming poverty
Authors: Deshani N. A. D. K. , Hirimburegama K.
Published: November 2024

Poverty in general is a state in which one lacks financial resources and essentials. Modern-day poverty is understood as a complex, multi-dimensional set of issues, introducing it in a relative manner rather than a single idea. Intellectual and ethical poverty are the two main types of poverty that are related to education, and both could be overcome by education. Mainly, intellectual poverty could be overcome by providing access to knowledge, critical thinking skills, information, and technology, while ethical poverty could be overcome mainly by social development and commitment of individuals. STEM is a teaching and learning process that combines Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics and STEAM is the recent inclusion of Arts. STEM education provides opportunities for students to enhance problem-solving skills, and to become innovators, critical thinkers, and technologically literate. This study identified the definition of poverty in general and the definition of STEM education. It also identified the STEM education systems in the world and in Sri Lanka, and the methods involved in overcoming poverty through STEM education in Sri Lanka, by investigating and reviewing literature, acquiring information from specialists in the field. In Sri Lanka, industries, Research and Development (R&D), farmers, and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) could be empowered with STEM education. As a result, Sri Lanka will be able to come out of the poverty cycle by increasing its purchasing power. This will lead to the socio-economic stability of the country making it move forward as a nation with sustained health, wealth, and happiness among Sri Lankans.
Development and Antibacterial Characterization of Hand Sanitizer Gel from Mint Leaf Extract (Mentha arvensis L.)
Authors: Malarvarnan S. , Nirubini A. S. , Sivasinthujah S. , Gnanakarunyan T. J.
Published: November 2024

Formulation of hand sanitizers with herbs extract to enhance safety and quality while maintaining effective antibacterial properties. This study aimed to formulate hand sanitizers with different concentrations of ethyl acetate extracts of Mentha arvensis leaves and assess their physiochemical properties and antibacterial activities. The plant material was collected in Jaffna and allowed to shade dry. The dried plant material was macerated with ethyl acetate for 48 hrs at room temperature. Two different formulations (A and B) were prepared with 5% and 10% plant extract. Organoleptic characteristics, pH, homogeneity, turbidity, and antibacterial activity were evaluated. The antimicrobial activity of formulations was estimated using the agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by employing a formulation excluding plant extract as control and WHO standard hand sanitizer used as a positive control. Results indicated that Formulation B, containing 10% extract, demonstrated satisfactory physiochemical properties and antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria. Formulation A showed a maximum inhibition of 10.60 ± 0.58 mm against E. coli at 800 μg/ml, with no activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa at lower concentrations. In contrast, Formulation B demonstrated greater efficacy, achieving inhibition zones of 14.17 ± 1.04 mm for E. coli, 10.17 ± 1.04 mm for S. aureus, and 3.83 ± 0.76 mm for P. aeruginosa at 800 μg/ml. These results indicate that Formulation B shows significant potential as an effective hand sanitizer. Further stability evaluation of formulation B will ensure the evaluation of the clinical usage.
A Clustering Approach to Detect Imposter Syndrome Among Sri Lankan Undergraduates
Authors: Brahmana A.
Published: November 2024

Imposter Syndrome is another name for perceived fraudulence, which is characterized by feelings of personal inadequacy and self-doubt that endure despite education, achievement, experience and success. This is not a disease or abnormality, so there is no obvious reason to imposter emotions. Therefore, even if they suffer from imposter syndrome, they are not able to know this. The results of an undergraduate with imposter syndrome may be inappropriate academic choices, the impact on mental health and social isolation. The aim of the present study is to develop a computerized framework based on a data mining strategy to identify the Severity Level of imposter syndrome for Sri Lankan undergraduates. Thus, this research shows whether the person suffers from imposter syndrome as Low or Moderate or High in level. During the model development, a formal questionnaire was developed examining different influencing factors like depression, anxiety, parentification, family expectations, perfectionism, and low trait self-esteem that can affect the imposter syndrome of an undergraduate and was used to collect data from Sri Lankan undergraduates. In this study, five different unsupervised machine learning techniques, namely K-means, K-medoids, Spectral Clustering, Hierarchical Clustering and Gaussian Mixture Model Clustering were used. Clustering was selected as the best approach as it allows to detect patterns and similarities associated with undergraduates linked to imposter syndrome. To calculate the goodness of the clustering algorithms, the Silhouette index and the Calinski-Harabasz index were used. Among these five clustering algorithms, the best result was shown in the three clusters of K-means Hence, the finalized method helps to predict and classify severity levels of imposter syndrome among Sri Lankan Undergraduates into three groups as low, moderate or high. The research found that among 316 data points, 32.28% showed a low level of imposter syndrome, 16.77% displayed a moderate level, and 50.95% exhibited a high level.
Investigating the Mean Temperature of Accretion Disks and Mass Transfer Rates in Cataclysmic Variable Stars through Orbital Characteristics
Authors: Tissera P. R. S. , Medagangoda N. I. , Bandara N. S. , Dharmathilaka J. A. D. M. , Aponsu G. M. L. P.
Published: November 2024

Cataclysmic variable (CV) stars, characterized by their dynamic binary systems composed of a white dwarf and a donor red dwarf star, exhibit intricate mass transfer processes crucial for understanding their evolutionary pathways. This study delved into the theoretical investigation of mass transfer processes occurring within non-magnetic CV stars analyzing their orbital characteristics. A selection of eleven CV systems, encompassing a diverse range of subcategories, were chosen for the analysis of this research. Well-established Fourier and Lomb-Scargle algorithms were utilized to identify the most effective algorithm in determining the periodicity of their light curves. The calculated orbital periods for the aforementioned CV sample were then leveraged to determine the mean temperature of their accretion disks. This determination was achieved through established techniques which used spectroscopic Balmer emission lines and Stromgren photometric observations. These techniques provide robust measurements of the physical properties of accretion disks within CVs. Finally, a strong correlation was established between mean temperature of the disk which determined through spectroscopic method and system’s mass transfer rate which determined via various techniques and algorithms.
Exploring the Impact of Facial Features on Apparent Personality Traits Detection Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Ilmini W. M. K. S. , Fernando T. G. I.
Published: November 2024

Apparent personality detection has emerged as a prominent research area within deep learning. While numerous deep learning solutions have been developed to predict personality accurately, the lack of transparency in how these models derive predictions based on facial features undermines trust in their results. This study focuses on identifying and differentiating facial features that contribute to the Big-Five personality traits, addressing transparency in model predictions. To conduct our experiments, we utilised the ChaLearn First Impressions V2 dataset, with background removed frames ensuring models focused more on human features than background in the learning process. We began by developing Convolutional Neural Networks architectures using pre-trained VGGFace and VGG19 models. Subsequently, we employed the Grad-CAM and Guided Grad-CAM model explainable AI techniques on the test and validation datasets, utilising the trained models. Furthermore, we employed the "SelectKBest" feature selection method to analyse the outcomes of the interpretability techniques. VGG19 achieved higher accuracy (90%) compared to VGGFace (89%). Our investigation reveals that personality prediction extends beyond facial features, with XAI techniques emphasizing non-facial aspects such as background information. Statistical analysis across deep learning architectures shows no significant correlation between features identified by XAI techniques by giving different F1-scores. Despite VGG19's superior accuracy, it exhibits a stronger inclination towards non-facial data, while VGGFace prioritizes facial features, highlighting the nuanced nature of personality prediction and suggesting avenues for further research.