bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Risk Factors for Hypoglycemia in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes using Constrainable Neural Additive Models
Authors: Si Hui , Bai Wei , Wang Difei , Kang Xin , Sun Longfeng , Tian Hui , Yan Shuangtong , Miao Xinyu , Hou Xin
Published: January 2025

Background
To identify factors that increase the risk of hypoglycemia in elderly Chinese patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
Elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 2,603, aged ≥ 60 years) were recruited from 150 hospitals across 21 provinces in China and underwent physical examinations, auxiliary tests, biochemical measurements, and a thorough review of their pertinent medical history in an outpatient setting.
Results
Among the included patients, 393 (15.1%) experienced hypoglycemia. Patients who were diagnosed before the age of 60 years exhibited a greater incidence of hypoglycemia than those diagnosed at or after the age of 60 years (18.2% vs. 11.1%, respectively). The incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly greater in patients using insulin and/or secretagogues than in those not using insulin and/or secretagogues (18.2% vs. 7.4%, respectively). A greater risk of hypoglycemia was also observed in patients with a family history of diabetes compared with those without a family history of diabetes (21.9% vs. 12.7%, respectively), as well as in patients with ≥ 1 chronic diabetes complications compared with those without complications (17.6% vs. 10.8%, respectively). The incidence of hypoglycemia in elderly type 2 diabetic patients increased with age and disease duration.
Conclusion
Risk factors for hypoglycemia in elderly Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes include an age at diagnosis younger than 60 years, prolonged disease duration, a family history of diabetes, chronic diabetic complications, and the use of secretagogues or insulin.
Volatility Dynamics and Futures Pricing: A GARCH-Based Analysis of CAC40 Markets
Authors: Houssam BOUGHABI
Published: January 2025

The futures market is wavering with uncertainty during an hesitating interest rate monetary policy, France had sorted out from a hard Euro debt crisis between 2016 and 2019, which had left interest rate in chaos, we have experienced an econometrics model using the software technology, by calibrating our model with the futures prices of CAC40.
The futures market proves to be stable in the beginning of calibration, indeed our model had respectively shown that the futures market could set a smart alarm for the monetary policy in France. The market of CAC40 index is volatile under those circumstances which finds more information in spinning a beautiful benchmark for political manoeuvring using interest rate as a way of adjusting France economics to the monetary scheme. We have estimated volatility using the Garch variant which proves empirically to be more suitable, we had found persistence and non vulnerability to past shocks.
PhosF3C: A Feature Fusion Architecture with Fine-Tuned Protein Language Model and Conformer for prediction of general phosphorylation site
Authors: Liu Yuhuan , Zhong Haitian , Zhai Jixiu , Wang Xueying , LU Tianchi
Published: January 2025

Protein phosphorylation, a key post-translational modification (PTM), provides essential insight into protein properties, making its prediction highly significant. Using the emerging capabilities of large language models (LLMs), we apply LoRA fine-tuning to ESM2, a powerful protein large language model, to efficiently extract features with minimal computational resources, optimizing task-specific text alignment. Additionally, we integrate the conformer architecture with the Feature Coupling Unit (FCU) to enhance local and global feature exchange, further improving prediction accuracy. Our model achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance, obtaining AUC scores of 79.5%, 76.3%, and 71.4% at the S, T, and Y sites of the general data sets. Based on the powerful feature extraction capabilities of LLMs, we conduct a series of analyses on protein representations, including studies on their structure, sequence, and various chemical properties (such as Hydrophobicity (GRAVY), Surface Charge, and Isoelectric Point). We propose a test method called Linear Regression Tomography (LRT) which is a top-down method using representation to explore the model's feature extraction capabilities, offering a pathway to improved interpretability. Our resources, including data and code, are publicly accessible at \url{https://github.com/SkywalkerLuke/PhosF3C}
Efficiency of the Green Mussel, Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) to Bioremediate Total Heterotrophic Bacteria, Vibrio and Plankton in the Culture Medium of Penaeus monodon Pond System
Authors: Arriesgado Elgen M. , Arriesgado Dan M. , Fagutao Fernand F. , Choresca Casiano H. , Anuevo Gwen M. , Besoña Jomar F. , Sornito Marnelle B. , Pedroso Fiona L.
Published: January 2025

The efficiency of Perna viridis in bioremediating total heterotrophic bacteria, vibrio, and plankton from Penaeus monodon pond system was evaluated in microcosm conditions using 200L plastic drums for 72 hours. The study intends to contribute to the refinement of an IMTA technology for P. monodon in Northern Mindanao by evaluating the bioremediation performance of mussels at different stocking densities (0-mussel, 10-mussels and 15-emussels per 200 L water). Bacterial populations (CFU/ml) in the water were significantly higher in control (1.47E + 02 to 1.55E + 03 THB; 5.33E + 01 to 7.70E + 02 vibrio) than those stocked with 10-mussel (1.40E + 02 to 5.58E + 02 THB; 5.50E + 01 to 1.98E + 02 vibrio) and 15-mussel (1.54E + 02 to 5.67E + 02THB; 5.42E + 01 to 1.93E + 02 vibrio) throughout the experiment. Plankton population in control (5.8E + 03 to 6.3E + 03) was slightly increasing being significantly higher than those stocked with mussels having a decreasing trend (10-Mussels: 5.8E + 03 to 2.2E + 03; 15-Mussels: 5.9E + 03 to 1.9E + 03). The result was also supported by chlorophyll a levels with a significantly lower observation in treatments stocked with mussels than without mussel. Exposing green mussels in pond water medium having a plankton population of almost 6.0E + 03 cells− ml for 24 hours resulted in an average filtration of 239 ml h− 1 mussel− 1 when mussels were stocked at 15-mussel− 200L and at 229 ml h− 1 mussel− 1 at 10-mussel− 200L density. P. viridis demonstrated that it can significantly reduce the total heterotrophic bacteria, vibrio and plankton populations in a pond system. However, the 10-mussel− 200L density could be suggested for bioremediation application to minimize competition and accumulation of wastes from mussel’s excretion.
Covid-19 Pandemic Governance and Impact on Migration Across Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Nwekwo Tochukwu Godson , Deka Abraham , Şahoğlu Hasibe
Published: January 2025

Despite global lockdowns and restrictions on mobility, not all movements halted during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study considers the shift from global to regional institutional roles in global governance efforts while examining how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted migration flows in 34 countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We include an additional empirical analysis of four selected case studies in the region (Uganda, South Africa, the Central African Republic, and Nigeria). In a panel analysis, variations in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and other predictors were used to check migration flows and cuts at the country level. Although poverty, conflict, and climate-related disasters continue to be the leading triggers for migration in sub-Saharan Africa, we show that COVID-19 was associated with shifts in in-out-migration. The study concludes that the pandemic was an additional catalyst for migration. Additionally, separate internal and external mobility restrictions regimes introduced by states in the region due to the COVID-19 health Pandemic adversely set back the on-going integration partnership of regional economic communities in the region. Finally, rather than state-centred approaches, states, through their regional economic communities, should act as a single conduit in establishing and supporting migration and health governance policies in the region.
Investigation of the Dose Distribution of 32P Skin Patch Source by GAMOS Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Epik Hakan
Published: January 2025

In recent years, both experimental and theoretical studies on superficial brachytherapy for the treatment of skin cancers have been increasing. The results of experimental and theoretical studies show that the method is promising. The method involves the use of beta-emitting radionuclides. It is crucial to thoroughly understand and investigate the dose characteristics of the radionuclides used for the success of the treatment. In this study, the percent depth dose and transverse dose profiles of the commonly used cancer treatment, the 32P-labeled skin patch source, were examined using the GAMOS Monte Carlo Simulation method. The simulation results obtained are consistent with studies in the literature. The examined 12.5 mm radius skin patch source is suitable for the treatment of skin tumors with sizes ranging from 9.0 to 11.0 mm. By appropriately matching the size of the skin patch source to the size of the skin tumor, both the normal tissue surrounding the tumor and the normal tissue, cartilage, and bone beneath the tumor can be preserved. The 32P skin patch source will be a suitable option for early-stage tumors with a thickness of 1.0-2.0 mm that have not yet reached the deeper layers of the skin tissue. For deeper tumors, radionuclides emitting high-energy beta particles should be utilized.
The Effect of Internal and External MQL Methods Used for Environmentally Friendly Manufacturing on Machining Performance in Drilling AA2024 Alloys: A Comparison for ANN And Taguchi Analyzes
Authors: Çakır Şencan Ayşegül , Duran Abdullah , Şeker Ulvi , Koçak Müberra Rüveyda , Şencan Cevdet
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the interest in sustainable manufacturing has created an increasing demand for the economical and environmentally friendly Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) method. However, there are not enough studies comparing internal and external MQL applications in drilling operations. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of internal and external MQL application on drilling performance. Using Taguchi L9 experimental design, AA2024 aluminum alloy was drilled under three different cooling conditions (internal MQL, external MQL, dry), three different cutting speeds (100, 125, 150 m/min) and three different feeds (0.10, 0.15, 0.20 mm/rev). Surface roughness (Ra) was determined as the performance criterion, 30 repetitions were made in each experiment and the average Ra values were calculated for each condition. At the end of the experiments, the lowest Ra value (0.5 µm) was obtained in the internal MQL condition where the lowest cutting speed (100 m/min) and feed (0.1 mm/rev) parameters were used. In the external MQL condition, Ra results close to dry cutting were observed. The ANOVA analysis revealed that the control factor with the greatest effect on Ra values was the cooling condition. In addition, tool wear after the 30th hole was examined with SEM images and minimum deformation was observed in the internal MQL. ANN and Taguchi analyses were applied to the Ra data measured in the experiments. It was observed that the measured Ra data were in agreement with the data estimated using the Taguchi approach by 97% and with the data estimated using the ANN approach by 99%.
Revalorización de residuos sólidos urbanos e industriales: experiencia de extensión universitaria con estudiantes de Educación para Jóvenes y Adultos
Authors: BUZZI Mariana Andrea , ROSA Maximiliano Mendes , DIAZ Micaela , LEIVA Alana
Published: January 2025

La extensión universitaria es un proceso que contribuye a la formación de profesionales integrales e impacta en la comunidad intra y extrauniversitaria. La experiencia surgió con estudiantes 3º año de la Modalidad Educación Para Jóvenes y Adultos de la Escuela Provincial N° 732, de la ciudad de Comodoro Rivadavia (Patagonia Argentina). El objetivo fue identificar y caracterizar según su contenido de fósforo, pH y conductividad eléctrica diversos tipos de residuos. Además, se pretendió sensibilizar sobre la importancia de la gestión adecuada de los residuos. Más allá de los resultados empíricos que se desprendieron de la experiencia de laboratorio, se debe subrayar la importancia de la extensión universitaria como instrumento no solo para la construcción de espacios de diálogo y de prácticas pedagógicas, sino también para abordar esferas sociales que trascienden nuestra formación y nuestro propio campo de acción cotidiano, generando interacciones entre diversos actores sociales.
Evaluating the performance of the existing water supply system in Dangila town, Ethiopia
Authors: Amogne Abayneh Agumass
Published: January 2025

It is crucial to provide sufficient and potable water to ensure a healthy society and promote a country's development. Unfortunately, many towns in developing countries, including Dangila town, experience prolonged water shortages, leading to various socio-economic challenges for residents. This study aimed to assess the performance of Dangila town's current water supply system. To achieve this objective, different secondary data were collected from various sources. The average per capita water consumption was 15.78 l/day, which did not meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) standards. The estimated average water supply coverage was 46.37%, failing to meet the MDG target and the SDG. Non-revenue water ranged from 1.81 to 92.95%, with an average of 36.81%, exceeding the maximum limit set by the World Bank. This research also discovered that if non-revenue water is well managed, 267,192 people could be supplied, assuming a per capita demand of 50 l/day. Therefore, this research concluded that the water supply system did not meet the minimum national and international water supply standards, indicating its poor performance. Thus, it is crucial to implement continuous, well-planned, and organized maintenance, operation, monitoring, service management, and scientific loss control, along with water source development.
Performance evaluation of the amperometric total residual oxidant sensor with the electrochlorination-based Ballast Water Management System
Authors: Li Xunzhou , Song Jinjin , Xu Fengqi , Li Ying , Wang Tingyong , Wang Zhilei , Liu Wei , Li Chao
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, performance studies on the amperometric total residual oxidant (TRO) sensor are only in the bench test stage and have not been conducted under specific maritime conditions with Ballast Water Management System (BWMS). In this study, the application of the amperometric TRO sensor in land-based biological efficacy (BE) testing, operation and maintenance (O&M) testing, as well as shipboard (SB) testing, was explored by comparing with the existing di-phenylene-diamine (DPD) TRO sensor. The results showed that the average TRO measurement deviation between the amperometric sensor and the DPD sensor was within ±10% in valid BE test cycles and the O&M testing exceeding 47 operating hours. The TRO value measured by amperometric sensor exhibited significant fluctuations, but the improved control logic could achieve smoothing out the fluctuation, with stability comparable to or even higher than that of the DPD sensor. The practicality and reliability of the amperometric sensor in electrochlorination-based BWMS were further verified through SB testing.
The Influence of Electronic Word-of-Mouth in Business Research: Identifying Main Topics and Actors
Authors: Herzallah Doaa Am
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The primary goal of this research is to do a systematic review from 2012 to 2022, investigating how the electronic word of mouth is interconnected and their overall research influence. Design/Methodology/Approach: Visualize scientific production employing the Web of Science database and VOS viewer. This study analysed 1449 papers (2012-2022) in Business Economics, identifying influential authors, areas, countries, and journals Co-occurrence of keywords, co-authorship, citation, bibliographic coupling, and co-citation analysis. Findings: This research shed light on the specific aspects of electronic that have gained significant attention and investigation, as well as the global distribution of scholarly contributions, suggesting new areas for further exploration. The main results also reveal that electronic word of mouth is one of the most important topics in Business, Management, and Marketing research. This study bridges knowledge gaps by conducting a thorough thematic evaluation and using systematic analysis to provide a more comprehensive picture of electronic word-of-mouth research across the years. The results provide insight into the development of electronic word of mouth and open up new avenues for study in this area. Originality: Researchers are captivated by the rising significance of Electronic Word-of-Mouth (E-WOM) in the digital age because of its multidisciplinary nature, practical implications for marketing strategies, and dynamic interaction with technology. Thus, a thorough analysis of electronic word-of-mouth research is required, in addition to covering themes from the past, present, and future, studying new aspects of electronic word-of-mouth.
Ocorrência e fatores ambientais associados à infecção por patógenos transmitidos por Rhipicephalus sanguineus em cães na cidade de Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte
Authors:   , Nogueira Larissa Leykman da Costa
Published: January 2025

Os carrapatos da espécie Rhipicephalus sanguineus são responsáveis pela transmissão de
inúmeros patógenos aos cães, como Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, Babesia vogeli e
Hepatozoon canis. A infecção por esses parasitos depende não só da associação entre
vetor e hospedeiro, como também de condições ambientais favoráveis ao seu ciclo de
transmissão. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência de fatores
ambientais para a presença de R. sanguineus na infecção de cães por E. canis, A. platys,
B. vogeli e H. canis. Para tanto, foram incluídos 120 cães atendidos em clínica particular
do município de Mossoró/RN, dos quais foram colhidos quatro mililitros de sangue por
venopunção jugular para extração de DNA e detecção molecular destes quatro parasitos.
Foi realizada anamnese e exame físico de cada paciente, sendo avaliado parâmetros como
coloração de mucosas, temperatura corporal, sinais de apatia, perda de peso e presença
de ectoparasitas. Após a extração de DNA, as amostras foram quantificadas em
espectrômetro e submetidas à PCR para detecção de gene de controle endógeno (β-actina
de cão). Para amplificação de DNA de E. canis e A. platys foi empregada nested-PCR,
enquanto a amplificação de B. vogeli e B. canis foi realizada por PCR convencional.
Foram visitados os imóveis de todos os cães participantes do estudo, a fim de identificar
características que favorecessem a presença do vetor R. sanguineus. Para verificar a
associação das diferentes variáveis estudadas e a positividade para as doenças
pesquisadas, os dados obtidos foram expressos em valores de frequência simples e
porcentagem, e realizados testes de Qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher. O patógeno de maior
prevalência no estudo foi E. canis (13,3%), seguido por A. platys (11,7%), H. canis (6%)
e B. vogeli (6%). A análise de correspondência realizada entre a positividade de E. canis
e as variáveis estudadas, demonstrou influência de fatores como histórico de carrapatos,
não vacinação e não uso de medicações antiparasitárias. As principais características
ambientais que correlacionadas com a infecção por E. canis foi a presença de árvores e
jardins nas residências. O reconhecimento dessas características pode implicar na
elaboração de estratégias mais eficazes de prevenção e controle, visto que atividades de
manejo ambiental buscam diminuir a interação entre vetor e hospedeiro, e
consequentemente, a exposição a doenças por eles transmitidas.
A Therapeutic Approach of Chitosan-loaded p-Coumaric Acid Nanoparticles to Alleviate Diabetic Nephropathy in Wister Rats
Authors: Venkatesan Amalan , J Gitanjali , Kulandaivel Srinivasan , Ramajayam Asokan Balakrishnan , Madhavan Sankar , Natesan Vijayakumar , Kim Sung-Jin
Published: January 2025

Objective:

This study evaluated the renoprotective effects of p-Coumaric acid
nanoparticles (PCNPs) in nephropathic rats.

Methods:

Six groups of male Albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned. Group 1 was the control,
while Group 2 received 45 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetic nephropathy.
Groups 3, 4, and 5 received STZ (45 mg/kg) along with PCNPs at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg,
respectively. Group 6 received 80 mg/kg of PCNPs without STZ. Body weight, blood glucose,
insulin, hemoglobin (Hb), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured. Blood
urea, serum creatinine, kidney antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxidation levels were also analyzed.
Histological and immunohistochemical studies of kidney tissues were performed.

Results:

PCNPs (80 mg/kg) significantly reduced serum glucose, creatinine, and urea levels
while increasing insulin levels and antioxidant activity in the kidneys. Histological analysis revealed
that nephropathic rats exhibited cellular damage, including shrinkage of Bowman’s capsule
and lesions in the kidneys, along with degeneration in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
PCNPs treatment restored these morphological alterations in the pancreas, liver, and kidneys
to near-normal. Furthermore, nephropathic rats had elevated IL-6 and TNF-α expression in
the renal tubules and glomeruli, which was reduced following PCNPs treatment.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that PCNPs exhibit antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, antiglycation,
and renoprotective effects in STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy.

conclusion:

Therefore, experimental data from our study suggests that PCNPs may have potential antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-glycation, and renoprotective effects against STZ-induced DN.
Renal Impairment Caused by Statins in Rats Can Be Restored by Thymoquinone
Authors: Hassan Sherif S. , Thomann Charity , Amin Shaimaa , Youakim Magdy , El-Shaarawy Ehab A. A. , Ibrahim Sara Shawky
Published: January 2025

Background:

Atorvastatin (ATO) is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used to lower blood
cholesterol, but it causes renal injury in high doses. Thymoquinone (TQ), is a natural antioxidant that
has been shown to protect the kidney through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, & antiapoptotic,
effects.

Objective:

The current study aimed to investigate whether posttreatment TQ could reverse ATOinduced
renal injury, and the possible mechanism of action by which TQ produced such an effect.

Methods:

Forty adult male rats were divided into 4 groups: (control; TQ-treated; ATO-treated; ATO
plus TQ-treated). Blood and kidney tissue samples were tested for kidney functions, oxidative stress
and apoptosis markers, and morphometric analyses of the histopathological and ultrastructural evaluations.
Statistical analyses were done using JASP, Shapiro-Wilk, and Levene’s test. ANOVA and
Kruskal-Wallis tests were done to determine differences between groups. The significance level was
set at p<.05.

Results:

The ATO-treated group showed abnormal outcome measures including kidney functions,
oxidative stress and apoptotic markers, and morphometric analyses of the histopathological and ultrastructural
findings. Post-treatment TQ improved all outcome measures.

Conclusion:

Posttreatment TQ could reverse oxidative stress-induced renal injury produced by highdose
ATO, suggesting a potential clinical application in patients with renal insufficiency with hypercholesterolemia.
Cyanamide-Based Cyclization Reactions for Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles Synthesis
Authors: Wu Yu-Xin , Liu Cheng-Liang , Yan Qian , Chen Si-Han , Kuang Zi-Rui , Liu Han-Wen , Li Jiang-Sheng , Li Zhi-Wei
Published: January 2025

Nitrogen-containing heterocycles, such as indoles and quinolines, serve as the key scaffolds in numerous pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and natural products. The synthesis methods of nitrogen-containing heterocycles show significant scientific and industrial value. As a chemical intermediate featuring dual functional groups, cyanamide plays a crucial role in organic synthesis, directly affecting the development of new drugs and the design of new materials. Particularly in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, the cyano group can introduce vari-ous groups through radical pathways to synthesize polycyclic N-heterocyclic frameworks, as well as yielding a variety of nitrogen-containing heterocycles through non-radical pathways. This di-verse reaction pathway makes the application of cyanamide in chemical synthesis more extensive and flexible. The progress involving cyanamide in the synthesis of quinazoline and quinazoli-none, γ-lactams, and other nitrogen-containing heterocyclic frameworks is summarized. The main mechanisms and reaction strategies are emphasized and explicated from the perspective of radical and non-radical synthetic pathways, revealing the potential application value of these compounds in different fields. This review paves the way for the synthesis of various nitrogen-containing het-erocyclic compounds, particularly in achieving green chemistry and sustainable development goals. These new methods and ideas are expected to promote the development of more efficient and economical synthesis strategies in the future, thereby advancing the widespread application of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds in pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and new materials.
Self-esteem, Self-objectification, Appearance Anxiety, Resilience, and Gender: Testing a Moderated Mediational Analysis
Authors: Behera Naresh , Khuntia Sipra
Published: January 2025

Background

Appearance anxiety has been associated with difficulties in establishing social relationships and an increased vulnerability to various psychological illnesses such as eating disorders, depression, and social anxiety. However, only a few studies have examined influencing factors of appearance anxiety, especially risk and protective factors associated with appearance anxiety, which is still lacking.

Objective

This study investigated the mediating role of self-objectification in the relationship between self-esteem and appearance anxiety and the moderating role of resilience and gender.

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 437 university students (203 females and 234 males) aged 18–24 years (Mage = 21.89, SD = 1.59). The data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed through bivariate correlations, mediational analysis, and moderated mediational analysis.

Results

Results revealed that higher self-esteem negatively predicted self-objectification and appearance anxiety, while self-objectification significantly mediated the relationship between self-esteem and appearance anxiety. Moderated analysis revealed that resilience was a significant moderator, and the direct effect of self-esteem on appearance anxiety was moderated in both men and women. Moreover, the moderated mediational analysis also suggested that higher than mean levels of resilience significantly moderated the relationship between self-esteem and appearance anxiety via self-objectification.

Conclusion

The study has practical and theoretical contributions to resilience, self-objectification, and appearance anxiety. It concluded that the negative effects of appearance anxiety and self-objectification on mental health may be reduced by increasing self-esteem and resilience.
Extrahepatic and Circulating miR-122: Diagnostic Implications and Future Directions
Authors: Royfman Rachel Sarah , McTague Joseph Riley , Ranabothu Meghana , Menon Bindu
Published: January 2025

Research on microRNAs is constantly expanding and evolving due to their role in the
regulation of gene expression. miR-122, a 22-nucleotide microRNA, was first discovered as a
liver-specific miRNA. Subsequently, it was found to be present in a wide range of tissues, such
as the breast, testes, ovaries, and heart. The research on miR-122 in the liver has been extensive
over the past few decades, leading to several important discoveries. However, its role in extrahepatic
tissues is largely incompletely understood. Therefore, in light of the established clinical
relevance of miR-122 as a potential biomarker and/or drug target in the liver, available information
on miR-122 is compiled as it pertains to health and disease. This review discusses novel
information generated in recent years and the corresponding progress in our understanding of
the physiology of extrahepatic miR-122.
Optimum Design and Dynamics Analysis of Intelligent Prosthetic Knee Joint
Authors: Liu Xuhui , Qi Jing , Xu Bin , Wan Bin , He Xingyu , Zhou Zheng
Published: January 2025

Background:

The intelligent prosthetic knee joint is an essential rehabilitation device for
amputee patients to recover from mobility disorders. It must ensure excellent performance when installed
on the human body. However, issues such as excessive energy consumption and poor stability
during walking are challenges in the design of such prosthetic devices.

Objective:

To address the issues of wasteful energy expenditure and instability in intelligent prosthetic
knee joints during walking, an optimized model of a double rocker prosthetic knee joint
mechanism was established with the minimum peak driving torque of the active rod as the optimization
goal.

Methods:

The optimal model was established with the minimum peak driving moment of the prosthetic
knee joint mechanism as the optimization objective. Under the constraint conditions of performance
and structure, the model was optimized by the composite method, and the optimal structural
parameters of the prosthetic knee joint mechanism were obtained. Then, according to the trajectory
of the instantaneous rotation center of the knee joint, the double rocker mechanism is optimized
so that the prosthesis can better simulate the movement trajectory of normal people. Finally,
according to the designed virtual prototype model, a physical prototype of the intelligent prosthetic
knee joint test platform is built, the knee joint Angle data is collected, and the collected data is analyzed
accordingly.

Results:

ADAMS software was used to simulate the virtual motion of the optimized model. The results
showed that the optimized intelligent prosthetic knee joint mechanism has excellent bionic
performance. Its peak driving torque is reduced by 40% and the range of driving torque is reduced
by 36%, significantly improving the stability and endurance of the intelligent prosthetic knee joint.
Through the experimental test of an intelligent prosthetic knee joint, it is verified that the optimized
intelligent prosthetic knee joint meets the normal needs of the human body.

Conclusion:

The results confirm that the optimized prosthetic knee joint mechanism exhibits excellent
bionic performance, and the reduction in driving torque enhances its stability and energy efficiency,
validating the correctness and rationality of the proposed optimization model.
The Effect of Fundamental Factors on The Stock Prices of Digital Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Ananta Damar , Wulandari Pangestuty Farah
Published: January 2025

The share price of Indonesia's digital banks declined and even stagnated in 2023 because their fundamentals were not as competitive as those of large banking companies. Investors eventually chose to sell these shares and prefer to invest in companies with more attractive fundamentals. The purpose of this research is to study how return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), earning per share (EPS), price book value (PBV), and debt equity ratio (DER) impact the stock prices of several digital bank companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2021 to 2023. This study uses a quantitative approach and panel data regression analysis as the analysis method used in this study. The results of the analysis show that return on assets and debt equity ratio have no influence and are significant to the stock price of digital banks, while earning per share, and price book value have a positive and significant influence on the stock price of digital banks. In addition, the variable return on equity has no influence and is insignificant to the stock price of digital banks. All variables used in this study have a simultaneous influence on the share price of digital banks.
 
Abstrak
Harga saham bank digital Indonesia mengalami penurunan bahkan stagnan pada tahun 2023 karena fundamentalnya yang tidak kompetitif dibandingkan perusahaan perbankan besar. Investor akhirnya memilih menjual saham tersebut dan lebih memilih berinvestasi pada perusahaan yang fundamentalnya lebih menarik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari bagaimana return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), earnings per share (EPS), price book value (PBV), dan debt equity ratio (DER) berdampak terhadap harga saham beberapa perusahaan. perusahaan bank digital yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2021 hingga 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan analisis regresi data panel sebagai metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Return on Assets dan Debt Equity Ratio tidak mempunyai pengaruh dan signifikan terhadap harga saham bank digital, sedangkan Earning Per Share dan Price Book Value mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham bank digital.  Selain itu, variabel return on equity tidak mempunyai pengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham bank digital. Seluruh variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mempunyai pengaruh secara simultan terhadap harga saham bank digital.
Factors Influencing Generation Z's Intention to Invest in The Capital Market
Authors: Muhammad Klana  , Muttaqin Aminnullah Achmad
Published: January 2025

The increase in the number of capital market investors from year to year is dominated by generation Z. The number of generation Z is more than 50% of the total number of capital market investors. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the interest of generation Z in Malang City in investing in the capital market. This research is an exploratory quantitative research with survey method through online questionnaire then using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for data analysis. The results showed that there are 6 (six) factors that cause students' interest in investing in the capital market, including social media influence factors, investment motivation factors, investment capital factors, investment convenience factors, investment risk factors, and investment return factors. The six factors as a whole have variance that can explain the factors that cause generation Z's interest in Malang City to invest in the Capital Market with a total variance of 67.066%. While the remaining 32.934% is caused by other variables not included in the study.
 
Abstrak
Peningkatan jumlah investor pasar modal dari tahun ke tahun didominasi oleh generasi Z. Jumlah generasi Z lebih dari 50% dari total jumlah investor pasar modal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat generasi Z di Kota Malang dalam berinvestasi di pasar modal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif eksploratori dengan metode survei melalui kuesioner online kemudian menggunakan Eksploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) untuk analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 6 (enam) faktor yang menyebabkan minat mahasiswa dalam berinvestasi di pasar modal meliputi faktor pengaruh media sosial, faktor motivasi investasi, faktor modal investasi, faktor kemudahan investasi, faktor risiko investasi, dan faktor return investasi. Keenam faktor tersebut secara keseluruhan mempunyai variansi yang dapat menjelaskan faktor-faktor penyebab minat generasi Z di Kota Malang untuk berinvestasi di Pasar Modal dengan total variansi 67,066%. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 32,934% disebabkan oleh variabel lain yang tidak termasuk dalam penelitian.
Analisis Kualitas Butir Soal Penilaian Harian Bersama I Fisika Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Patikraja
Authors: Azizah Isma , Supahar Supahar
Published: January 2025

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kualitas butir soal Penilaian Harian Bersama I Fisika Kelas X SMAN 1 Patikraja ditinjau dari validitas, reliabilitas, daya pembeda, tingkat kesukaran, dan efektivitas distraktor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan subjek peserta didik kelas X MIPA SMAN 1 Patikraja. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa metode dokumentasi dan dianalisis menggunakan program Quest. Hasil dari penelitian: 1) Berdasarkan validitas, sebesar 90% (18 soal) valid sebesar 10% (dua soal)  tidak valid; 2) Berdasarkan reliabilitas, soal sangat reliabel karena memiliki reliabilitas sebesar 0,98; 3) Berdasarkan daya pembeda, sebesar 60% (12 soal) memiliki daya pembeda sangat baik, sebesar 25% (lima soal) memiliki daya pembeda baik, sebesar 15% (tiga soal) memerlukan revisi; 4) Berdasarkan tingkat kesukaran, sebesar 30% (enam soal) termasuk soal sukar, sebesar 40% (delapan soal) termasuk soal sedang, sebesar 25% (lima soal) termasuk soal mudah, sebesar 5% (satu soal) termasuk soal sangat mudah; 5) Berdasarkan efektivitas distraktor, sebesar 50% (10 soal) sangat baik, sebesar 10% (dua soal) baik, sebesar 5% (satu soal) cukup baik, sebesar 15% (tiga soal) kurang baik, sebesar 20% (empat soal) tidak baik; 6) Berdasarkan analisis butir soal, sebesar 45% (sembilan soal) berkualitas sangat baik, sebesar 15% (tiga soal) berkualitas baik, sebesar 40% (delapan soal) berkualitas sedang. Kata Kunci: Kualitas butis soal, analisis butir soal, Fisika, SMAN 1 Patikraja
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL FISIKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR DAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Hati Fadhila Kusuma , Setiaji Bayu
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-modul fisika model PBL berbantuan google sites yang layak digunakan untuk pembelajaran, mengetahui peningkatan kemandirian belajar dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik setelah menggunakan e-modul fisika model PBL berbantuan google sites, dan mengetahui keefektifan e-modul fisika model PBL berbantuan google sites. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development dengan model 4D yang meliputi 4 tahap, yaitu tahap define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, angket respon peserta didik, angket kemandirian belajar, serta soal pretest-postest. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan SBI, V Aiken, SPSS, dan standar gain untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemandirian belajar dan kemampuan berpikir kritis, serta uji manova dan effect size untuk mengetahui kefektivitasan e-modul yang dikembangkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan e-modul fisika model PBL berbantuan google sites pada pembelajaran gerak harmonik sederhana layak digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik, terdapat peningkatan kemandirian belajar dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik yang berada dalam kategori sedang, serta e-modul fisika model PBL berbantuan google sites efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dengan kategori besar.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN GERAK PARABOLA BERBANTUAN SCRATCH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Nashih Syahid Ahmad , Perdana Riki
Published: January 2025

Media pembelajaran adalah segala benda atau perangkat yang digunakan oleh guru dalam proses belajar-mengajar untuk memudahkan guru dan siswa mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Penting bagi guru untuk dapat menggunakan media pembelajaran yang sudah teruji kelayakannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mengembangkan media pembelajaran fisika berbantuan Scratch pada materi gerak parabola, dan (2) mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran fisika berbantuan Scratch pada materi gerak parabola yang dikembangkan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan metode pengembangan 4D. Penelitian Research and Development dengan metode pengembangan 4D terdiri atas 4 tahap yaitu: Define (Pendefinisian), Design (Perancangan), Develop (Pengembangan) dan Disseminate (Penyebaran). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran fisika berbantuan Scratch pada materi gerak parabola berhasil dikembangkan dan didapatkan hasil uji validitas berupa kriteria sangat valid pada seluruh aspek yang diujikan yaitu aspek tampilan, aspek isi, dan aspek bahasa. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah media pembelajaran fisika berbantuan Scratch pada materi gerak parabola sudah berhasil dikembangkan dan layak untuk digunakan.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PJBL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PROSES DESIGN THINKING
Authors: Ningrum Anita Puspita , Wiyatmo Yusman
Published: January 2025

Model pembelajaran yang dianjurkan dalam Kurikulum 2013 adalah model pembelajaran PjBL, namun pada penerapannya belum banyak digunakan. Selain itu, kemampuan proses design thinking masih belum banyak dimiliki oleh peserta didik SMA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan dan keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran PjBL materi momentum dan impuls yang dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan proses design thinking di SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan model 4D yang terdiri dari tahap define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Uji independent t-test digunakan untuk mengetahui signifikansi perbedaan kemampuan proses design thinking pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran PjBL materi momentum dan impuls yang telah dikembangkan layak dan efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan proses design thinking peserta didik di SMA.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PBL BERBANTUAN VIRTUAL LAB TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP
Authors: Luthfianingrum Nurhamidah , Sumarna Sumarna
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbantuan virtual lab dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan pemahaman konsep peserta didik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan metode penelitian quasi eksperimen dan desain penelitian nonequivalent control group design. Peneliti memeroleh data dengan memberikan pretest sebelum diberi perlakuan dan memberikan posttest setelah diberi perlakuan serta melakukan wawancara dan observasi di sekolah yang akan dilakukan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran PBL berbantuan virtual lab tidak efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik namun efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep peserta didik. Hal ini menyoroti kompleksitas dalam memanfaatkan teknologi sebagai alat pembelajaran yang mampu memberikan dampak yang bervariasi tergantung pada tujuan pembelajaran yang dikehendaki. Selain itu motivasi belajar peserta didik juga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA SMP DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL LITERASI MATEMATIS BERDASARKAN TAHAPAN NEWMAN DITINJAU DARI GAYA BELAJAR
Authors: Nabiila Farah Dita , Listiyani Endang
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui kemampuan literasi siswa ditinjau dari gaya belajar; (2) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal literasi matematis berdasarkan prosedur Newman ditinjau dari gaya belajar; dan (3)  mengetahui penyebab kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal literasi matematis berdasarkan prosedur Newman ditinjau dari gaya belajar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang berjenis studi kasus dan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 11 Tegal yang berjumlah 53 siswa. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan angket, tes, dan wawancara yang dianalisis berdasarkan teknik analisis oleh Miles Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) gaya belajar yang dimiliki oleh siswa adalah visual, auditorial, kinestetik, visual-kinestetik, dan auditorial-kinestetik; 2) siswa bergaya belajar visual memiliki kemampuan literasi matematis paling baik karena mencapai paling rendah level ke-3 dan paling tinggi level ke-4; dan 3) siswa bergaya belajar kinestetik melakukan kesalahan paling banyak. Kesalahan terletak pada kelima tahapan Newman; (4) faktor penyebab kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal literasi matematis ditinjau dari gaya belajar cenderung sama, yaitu siswa kurang menguasai materi pola bilangan dengan baik dan siswa merasa terburu-buru pada saat mengerjakan soal.
Perceptions and Practices of Vocal Warm-Up Exercises among School Teachers-A Survey
Authors: Ulaghanathan Navitha , Sivapatham Sundaresan , Hariharan Savitha Vadakkanthara
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Occupational vocal demands have been identified to exacerbate vocal issues. Vocal warm-up exercises are strongly believed to help in the prevention of vocal fold damage in professional voice users. The study intended to recognize the perceptions and practices of vocal warm-up exercises among school teachers.Methods: A cross-sectional study design involving sixty primary school teachers working in the Kancheepuram District was adopted. A 30-item questionnaire containing questions related to demographic details, teaching habits, and vocal warm-up exercises, practice of vocal hygiene, and perceptions about the importance and effects of vocal warm-up on their voice ability was developed. The questionnaire was content validated by three Speech-Language Pathologists with more than 5 years of experience. Thus, a survey was conducted using the final set of questionnaires.Results: 37% of the teachers had voice problems whereas 30% reported having inconsistent voice issues. 55% have reported practicing breathing exercises as a part of a warm-up for their voice usage. 36% were found to be unaware of any types of exercises or practice of warm-up exercises for voice usage. However, all the subjects accepted the importance of vocal warm-up and hygiene practices to preserve their voice quality.Conclusions: Thus, the findings of the current study will help to create awareness of the importance of voice quality, vocal warm-up, and hygiene practices. It will assist in providing counselling and vocal rehabilitation among professional voice users like teachers.