bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of δ‐Chloro‐β‐amino‐N‐sulfinyl Imidates as Versatile Chiral Building Blocks for the Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted Piperidines.
Authors: Semina Elena , Colpaert Filip , Van Hecke Kristof , De Kimpe Norbert , Mangelinckx Sven
Published: November 2015

New β‐amino‐δ‐chloro carboximidates bearing a chiral sulfoxide auxiliary are prepared and used as building blocks for the synthesis of enantio‐ and diastereomeric pure 2,3‐disubstituted piperidines (similar reactions based on the minor diastereomer are not shown).
ChemInform Abstract: The Regioselective Homocoupling of meta‐Hydroxypyridines with Hypervalent Iodine(III).
Authors: Yang Ping Syun , Tsai Mi Ting , Tsai Meng Han , Ong Chi Wi
Published: November 2015

Various dihydroxy‐bipyridines are highly regioselectively obtained by exclusive ortho‐coupling with respect to the hydroxy group at the pyridine ring and without any prefunctionalization of the pyridine under metal‐free reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Ionic Liquid [2‐Eim] HSO4 as a Dual Catalytic‐Solvent System for Preparation of Hexahydroquinolines under Green Conditions.
Authors: Ghorbani M. , Noura S. , Oftadeh M. , Gholami E. , Zolfigol M. A.
Published: November 2015

The novel Broensted acidic ionic liquid exhibits excellent catalytic activity in the one‐pot multi‐component reaction between various aromatic aldehydes, dimedone, ethyl acetoacetate, and ammonium acetate affording the title quinolines.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael Addition and Aza‐Cyclization/Dehydration Cascade Reaction Strategy: Asymmetric Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 1,4‐Dihydroquinolines.
Authors: Kim Hanna , Kim Sung‐Gon
Published: November 2015

The title cascade reaction allows the synthesis of 1,4‐dihydroquinoline with high enantioselectivities up to 92% from nitrostyrenes (I) and various β‐ketoesters.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Cross Enyne Metathesis (CEYM)—Intramolecular Diels—Alder Reaction (IMDAR). An Easy Entry to Linear Bicyclic Scaffolds.
Authors: Miro Javier , Sanchez‐Rosello Maria , Sanz Alvaro , Rabasa Fernando , del Pozo Carlos , Fustero Santos
Published: November 2015

Starting from non‐substituted olefin moieties, the linear bicyclic derivatives are obtained as a single diastereomer.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular C—N Bond Formation under Metal‐Free Conditions: Synthesis of Indolizines
Authors: Wu Junliang , Leng Wei Lin , Liao Hongze , Mai Hoang Kim Le , Liu Xue‐Wei
Published: November 2015

by cyclization reaction via C—H bond cleavage of pyridyl chalcones
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrazones as Productive Dienophiles in the Inverse Electron Demand Diels—Alder Reactions of 1,3,5‐Triazines.
Authors: Yang Kai , Yang Zhen , Dang Qun , Bai Xu
Published: November 2015

The title reaction allows the synthesis of a wide range of highly functionalized pyrimidine derivatives in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Model Studies on Peroxidic Glutathione Transferase (GST) Inhibitors: C5‐Methylated 1,2,4‐Trioxanes with C6‐Acrylate Side Chains.
Authors: Griesbeck Axel G. , Maassen Andreas , Braeutigam Maria , Pietsch Markus
Published: November 2015

The diastereoselective porphyrin‐sensitized singlet oxygen ene reaction of allylic alcohol (I) gives the key precursor (II), which can be easily converted into the title trioxane derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Eudesmanolides from the Flowers of Achillea millefolium.
Authors: Zhang Chun‐Bao , Ni Zhi‐Yu , Wang Jin , Qing Xia , Yan Hui‐Min , Shi Qing‐Wen , Sauriol Francoise , Gu Yu‐Cheng , Wu Yi‐Bing
Published: November 2015

isolation and structure elucidation
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Sesquiterpenes from the Resin of Toxicodendron vernicifluum.
Authors: He Jiang‐Bo , Lu Qing , Cheng Yong‐Xian
Published: November 2015

Two new sesquiterpenes, toxicodenane D (I) and toxicodenane E (II), are isolated together with six known sesquiterpenoids.
ChemInform Abstract: An Analysis of the Complementary Stereoselective Alkylations of Imidazolidinone Derivatives Toward α‐Quaternary Proline‐Based Amino Amides.
Authors: Knight Brian J. , Stache Erin E. , Ferreira Eric M.
Published: November 2015

The alkylation of proline‐type imidazolidinones (I) and (V) derived from isobutyraldehyde or 1‐naphthaldehyde gives stereodivergent products, which can be readily cleaved to afford both α‐alkylated proline enantiomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Two 2,6‐Dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan‐3‐ones from Phragmanthera capitata (Spreng.) Balle (Loranthaceae).
Authors: Lenta Bruno N. , et al.
Published: November 2015

Two new natural lactones (I) are isolated along with eight known compounds from the leaves of Phragmanthera capitata and screened for their in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the Plasmodium falciparum cloroquine sensitive strains NF54 and 3D7.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Tricyclic Alkaloid from Portulaca oleracea L.
Authors: Yue Su , Jiao Ze‐Zhao , Sun Hong‐Xiang , Jin Tian‐Yun , Xiang Lan
Published: November 2015

The new tricyclic alkaloid (I), portulacatone, is isolated together with eight known compounds from the title species.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic‐Inorganic Hybrids: From Magnetic Perovskite Metal(II) Halides to Multifunctional Metal(II) Phosphonates
Authors: Bellitto Carlo , Bauer Elvira M. , Righini Guido
Published: November 2015

Review: 108 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Interfacial Magnetism in Complex Oxide Heterostructures Probed by Neutrons and X‐Rays
Authors: Liu Yaohua , Ke Xianglin
Published: November 2015

Review: 117 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tunable Surface and/or Interface Ferromagnetism of ZnO Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Jianhui , Yu Linwei , Song Qian , Du Youwei
Published: November 2015

Review: 61 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Spin Transfer Torque Switching and Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Full Heusler Alloy CO2FeAl‐Based Tunnel Junctions
Authors: Sukegawa H. , Wen Z. C. , Kasai S. , Inomata K. , Mitani S.
Published: November 2015

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Review on Synthesis and Characterization of Gallium Phosphide
Authors: Aparna A. R. , Brahmajirao V. , Karthikeyan T. V.
Published: November 2015

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Inverted Sandwich Arene Complexes of Uranium
Authors: Liddle Stephen T.
Published: November 2015

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Functional Metal‐organic Frameworks: “The Other FMOFs”/FMOFs 2.0
Authors: Omary Mohammad A. , Kaipa Ushasree , Tekarli Sammer M. , Arvapally Ravi K. , Ivy Joshua F. , Horn Laura C. , Yang Chi
Published: November 2015

Review: recent advances of fluorous metal‐organic frameworks as porous solids and lighemitting properties; 10 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Coordination Chemistry of Hydroxo‐Bridged Complexes of Chromium(III)
Authors: Doessing Anders
Published: November 2015

Review: advances since 1988; 149 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Chemistry of Metal Coordination Complexes at High Pressure
Authors: Tidey Jeremiah P. , Wong Henry L. S. , Schroder Martin , Blake Alexander J.
Published: November 2015

Review: 101 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Azavinylcarbene: A Versatile Synthon‐Enabling Divergent Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles
Authors: Wang Yuanhao , Lei Xiaoqiang , Tang Yefeng
Published: November 2015

Review: [19 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Belts
Authors: Evans Paul J. , Jasti Ramesh
Published: November 2015

Review: synthetic history and properties; 78 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Enamides and Enamines
Authors: Zhou Qi‐Lin , Xie Jian‐Hua
Published: November 2015

Review: 91 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Organic Cooperative Catalysis in C—C Bond Activation
Authors: Jun Chul‐Ho , Park Jung‐Woo
Published: November 2015

Review: 40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Staudinger Reactions for Selective Functionalization of Polysaccharides: A Review
Authors: Liu Shu , Edgar Kevin J.
Published: November 2015

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rare‐Earth Complexes Supported by Tripodal Tetradentate Bis(phenolate) Ligands: A Privileged Class of Catalysts for Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters
Authors: Carpentier Jean‐Francois
Published: November 2015

Review: 91 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective and Enantiospecific Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Organometallic Reagents To Construct C—C Bonds
Authors: Cherney Alan H. , Kadunce Nathaniel T. , Reisman Sarah E.
Published: November 2015

Review: 427 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N,O‐Chelating Four‐Membered Metallacyclic Titanium(IV) Complexes for Atom‐Economic Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Ryken Scott A. , Schafer Laurel L.
Published: November 2015

Review: 66 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of 3‐(2‐Haloacyl)indoles
Authors: El‐Mekabaty Ahmed
Published: November 2015

Review: 99 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 4′‐Selenonucleosides as Next‐Generation Nucleosides
Authors: Sahu Pramod K. , Naik Siddhi D. , Yu Jinha , Jeong Lak Shin
Published: November 2015

Review: stereoselective synthesis, conformation analysis, and biological activity of various modified 4′‐selenonucleosides; 20 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Simple Organic Molecules
Authors: Sanchez‐Carnerero Esther M. , Agarrabeitia Antonia R. , Moreno Florencio , Maroto Beatriz L. , Muller Gilles , Ortiz Maria J. , de la Moya Santiago
Published: November 2015

Review: [highlights and difficulty in developing chiral simple organic molecules able to emit left‐ or right‐circularly polarized light; 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroaminations of Alkenes: A Radical, Revised, and Expanded Version
Authors: Villa Matteo , Jacobi von Wangelin Axel
Published: November 2015

Review: state of the art in iron‐catalyzed reaction that utilizes stable nitroarenes as the electrophilic N‐component; 23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclobutane and Cyclobutene Synthesis: Catalytic Enantioselective [2 + 2] Cycloadditions
Authors: Xu Yao , Conner Michael L. , Brown M. Kevin
Published: November 2015

Review: [55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Approaches and Functionalizations of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines: An Overview of the Decade
Authors: Goel Richa , Luxami Vijay , Paul Kamaldeep
Published: November 2015

Review: [127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal—Ligand Cooperation
Authors: Khusnutdinova Julia R. , Milstein David
Published: November 2015

Review: [diverse modes of metal—ligand cooperation in bond formation and bond cleavage reactions; 170 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Asymmetric Synthesis of Tetrahydrolipstatin
Authors: Liu Xiaofan , Wang Yanping , O'Doherty George A.
Published: November 2015

Review: [73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetrabenzotriazacorrole: Its Synthesis, Reactivity, Physical Properties, and Applications
Authors: Zhang Xian‐Fu
Published: November 2015

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Reactions of Fac‐Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes and Their Application for Synthesis
Authors: Sato Shunsuke , Ishitani Osamu
Published: November 2015

Review: 79 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Glucosyloxymethylfurfural (GMF): A Creative Renewable Scaffold Towards Bioinspired Architectures
Authors: Tan Jia‐Neng , Ahmar Mohammed , Queneau Yves
Published: November 2015

Review: 73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stimuli‐Responsive DNA‐Functionalized Nano‐/Microcontainers for Switchable and Controlled Release
Authors: Lu Chun‐Hua , Willner Itamar
Published: November 2015

Review: 118 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Pathway Engineering for Natural Product Biosynthesis
Authors: Pearsall Sarah M. , Rowley Christopher N. , Berry Alan
Published: November 2015

Review: [recent developments in metabolic pathway engineering and synthetic biology towards the use of whole‐cell microbial factories for the synthesis of useful natural compounds; 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Enzyme Coupling Reactions to Shift Thermodynamically Limited Biocatalytic Reactions
Authors: Abu Rohana , Woodley John M.
Published: November 2015

Review: [75 refs.
Zerkleinerung von polymeren Ionenaustauscherpartikeln durch Feinstmahlung
Authors: Schäfer Maria , Peuker Urs
Published: November 2015

Submikrone Ionenaustauscherpartikel werden unter anderem zur Verarbeitung in Polymerkompositpartikeln genutzt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein neues, kostengünstiges und ressourcenschonendes Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser submikronen Ionenaustauscherpartikeln beschrieben. Dabei werden kommerziell erhältliche Ionenaustauscherpartikel auf Polymerbasis in unterschiedlichen Mühlen mit bewegten Mahlkörpern unter Raumtemperatur zerkleinert. Die porösen Polymerpartikel können so bis in den submikronen Größenbereich zerkleinert werden, ohne dass dabei die Ionenaustauschkapazität nennenswert reduziert wird.
A Process‐Structure Investigation of Aluminum Oxide and Oxycarbide Thin Films prepared by Direct Liquid Injection CVD of Dimethylaluminum Isopropoxide (DMAI)
Authors: Baggetto Loïc , Charvillat Cédric , Esvan Jérôme , Thébault Yannick , Samélor Diane , Vergnes Hugues , Caussat Brigitte , Gleizes Alain , Vahlas Constantin
Published: November 2015

We present the direct liquid injection CVD of aluminum oxide and oxycarbide thin films using dimethylaluminum isopropoxide at high process temperature (500–700 °C) with the addition of O2 gas, and at low temperature (150–300 °C) with the addition of H2O vapor. Very smooth films with typical roughness values lower than 2 nm are obtained. The thin films are composed of an amorphous material. The composition evolves as a function of temperature from that of a partial hydroxide to a stoichiometric oxide at low deposition temperature (150–300 °C), and from that of a stoichiometric oxide to a mixture of an oxide with an (oxy) carbide at higher temperature (500–700 °C).
The effect of retinol binding protein on the proteome of C2C12 muscle cells
Authors: Young Pamela A. , Leonard Siobhán , Martin Darren S. D. , Findlay John B. C.
Published: November 2015

Background

Retinol binding protein (RBP) and its membrane receptor, STRA6, are vital for the management of vitamin A in the body. Recently, elevated serum RBP levels have been implicated as a contributing factor to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, conflicting opinions exist as to how these increased levels can cause insulin resistance.

Methods

In order to better understand the influences of RBP, a proteomic study was devised to determine the direct effect of RBP on a mouse muscle cell line, because the muscle is the principal site of insulin induced glucose uptake. C2C12 cells were treated with RBP for 16 h and the proteome analysed for alterations in protein abundance and phosphorylation by 2‐DE.

Results

A number of changes were observed in response to retinol binding protein treatment, of which the most interesting were decreased levels of the phosphatase, protein phosphatase 1 β. This phosphatase is responsible for regulating glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase, the rate‐limiting enzymes involved in glycogen storage and utilization. Retinol binding protein treatment resulted in increased phosphorylation and inhibition of glycogen synthase, with detrimental effects on insulin stimulated glycogen production in these cells.

Conclusion

The results indicate that RBP may have a negative effect on energy storage in the cell and could contribute to the development of insulin resistance in muscle tissue. Understanding how retinol binding protein influences insulin resistance may reveal novel strategies to target this disease. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electron‐Rich Aromatic 1,3‐Heterophospholes – Recent Syntheses and Impact of High Electron Density at σ2P on the Reactivity
Authors: Heinicke Joachim W.
Published: November 2015

This account reviews recent syntheses, properties, and the reactivity of electron‐rich aromatic 1,3‐heterophospholes, with the focus on benzazaphospholes, but also with inclusion of 1,2,4‐diazaphospholes containing the N–C=P–C motif and related O‐ and S‐containing heterocycles. Effects of the high electron density at phosphorus, a consequence of the position of the lone‐pair donating nitrogen atom in conjugation with dicoordinated (σ2) phosphorus and of the absence of P–N bonds, are illuminated by comparison of selected properties and reactions with those of less electron‐rich heterophospholes and phosphinines. Particular features of the electron‐rich heterocycles are CH‐lithiations of the P=CH fragment by tBuLi without addition at the P=C double bond in polar media, occurrence of inverse addition besides normal addition in less polar solutions, P‐alkylation and catalytic P‐arylation, and – last but not least – the avoidance of σ‐coordination of non‐zerovalent d10 transition metals within the ring plane in favor of μ2‐P and/or tilted η1‐P coordination.
Shelf life and quality of olive oil filtered without vertical centrifugation
Authors: Fortini Martina , Migliorini Marzia , Cherubini Chiara , Cecchi Lorenzo , Guerrini Lorenzo , Masella Piernicola , Parenti Alessandro
Published: November 2015

This study evaluates the effect of filter press filtration on the shelf life of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). Olives were harvested and processed on the same day by a continuous industrial plant equipped with a hammer crusher, a vertical malaxator, and a decanter. One part of the oil obtained was bottled in 0.5 liter dark‐green bottles with headspace representing a quarter of the bottle's volume (cloudy oil). The other part was filtered (using a filter press) directly after decanting and manually bottled using the same procedure (filtered oil). All samples were stored in a purpose‐built chamber and periodically analyzed. Samples were characterized by their water content, free acidity, peroxide value, specific extinction coefficients (K232 and K268), total chlorophyll, tocopherols, total phenolic compounds, HPLC phenolic profile, volatile compounds, fatty acid composition, and sensory analysis. Immediately after filtration, the only differences that could be detected were related to turbidity and total solids. In the subsequent analyses, filtered oil retained superior nutritional and sensory characteristics than cloudy oil. More importantly, the filtered oil remained at the standard required for categorization as “extra‐virgin olive oil” for longer.

Practical applications: The article describes the effect of the filtration without vertical centrifugation on the olive oil quality. Shelf life tests have been performed to evaluate the changes in chemical and sensorial properties of olive oils. Since the filtration and its timing is controversial in the literature, a complete investigation, which considers the storage, is required. Furthermore, this is, to the best of authors knowledge, the first study focusing on the changes of oils produced without vertical centrifuge.

This study evaluates the effect of filter press filtration on the shelf life of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). Olives were harvested and processed on the same day by a continuous industrial plant equipped with a hammer crusher, a vertical malaxator, and a decanter. One part of the oil obtained was bottled (cloudy oil). The other part was filtered (using a filter press) directly after decanting and manually bottled using the same procedure (filtered oil). All samples were stored in a purpose‐built chamber and periodically analyzed. The results show a less degraded phenolic fraction in the filtered olive oils. In fact, compounds such as Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol, which are the final product of hydrolysis of secoiridoids, remain stable in filtered oils and increase in cloudy. Moreover, filtered olive oils have a better sensory profile than the cloudy along the shelf life. These data are confirmed by the GC‐MS analysis. The results confirm that filtration is essential in order to maintain the nutritional characteristics of the oil, and slow the onset of the main defects.
Base‐Induced One‐Pot Preparation of N‐ or P‐Substituted Alkynes
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Yanqin , Xiao Jing , Peng Zhihong , Dong Wanrong , An Delie
Published: November 2015

An efficient method for the formation of C(sp)–N or C(sp)–P bonds is described. The facile transformation proceeds under mild conditions (0 or –20 °C) in a one‐pot manner, and does not require transition‐metal catalysts. The base‐induced protocol exhibits good functional group tolerance (up to 44 examples) and high efficiency (up to 94 % yield) towards rare heteroatom‐substituted acetylenes (N or P). Furthermore, the proposed mechanism was supported by the isolation of a key intermediate.
Ionically‐Functionalized Poly(thiophene) Conductive Polymers as Binders for Silicon and Graphite Anodes for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Salem Nuha , Lavrisa Matt , Abu‐Lebdeh Yaser
Published: November 2015

Next‐generation anode materials for Li‐ion batteries such as silicon can lead to ten times more capacity than the state‐of‐the‐art graphite. However, novel binders are required to overcome the detrimental effects of volume changes during battery cycling of silicon because of the poor chemical interaction and electrical conductivity between silicon and the binder. Most studies focus on either ionic binders or electrically conductive binders, but herein it was demonstrated that a new family of polymers based on electrically conductive poly(thiophene) functionalized with an ionic alkyl carboxylate groups of various lengths can successfully work as multifunctional binders for silicon and commercial graphite anodes in Li‐ion battery half‐cells. It was determined that the polymer with shorter side chain (PT‐3‐LiA) gives the highest reversible capacity upon pairing with graphite or silicon, reaching 3000 mAh g−1 in the case of the latter, a capacity 500 mAh g−1 (≈22 %) higher than those obtained with the electrically, but non‐ionically, conductive PEDOT:PSS binder and the ionically, but non‐electrically, conductive sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) binder. It is demonstrated that the superior performance of this new type of multifunctional binders can be attributed to their ability to maintain their doping level and conductivity as well as due to good interaction with the silicon surface during cycling.
The identity and revised circumscription of Centaurea iranshahrii (Asteraceae, Cardueae–Centaureinae) in Iran
Authors: Negaresh Kazem , Rahiminejad Mohammad Reza
Published: November 2015

New findings and a completed description are presented for Centaurea iranshahrii Wagenitz & Esfand (Asteraceae, Cardueae, Centaureinae). By adding new localities the distributional range of this species is circumscribed for the first time. Centaurea elymaitica Mozaff. is placed to synonymy of C. iranshahrii here. In addition, the only record of C. gudrunensis Boiss. & Hausskn. from Iran is rejected as referable to C. iranshahrii. Finally, the distribution and ecology of C. iranshahrii are presented and shown. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Notes on Potentilla L. (Rosaceae) from the Altai. 2. New species from South Siberia and West Mongolia
Authors: Kechaykin Alexey , Kutsev Maxim
Published: November 2015

Two new taxa of Potentilla found in the Altai mountain region are described and illustrated: P. smirnovii from Central Altai, P. schmakovii from Mongolian Altai. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Patients' and carers' experiences of UK memory services
Authors: Hailey Emma , Hodge Sophie , Burns Alistair , Orrell Martin
Published: November 2015

Objective

The objective of this study is to test the validity of an accreditation programme for memory services in the UK by investigating whether different levels of accreditation status (excellent compared with accredited) are reflected in patients' and carers' reported satisfaction.

Method

A comparison of survey data from patient and carer feedback questionnaires collected from services as part of the accreditation process.

Results

Five hundred and eighty‐three patient questionnaires and 663 carer questionnaires were returned from 41 services. Patients and carers who attended memory services which were later ‘accredited as excellent’, were more likely than those who had visited ‘accredited’ services to have: been given written information about a variety of topics; been asked for feedback about using the memory service; and had found it easier to get to their appointments. Carers attending services accredited as excellent were more likely to have been offered an assessment of their needs.

Conclusion

Patients and carers had very good experiences of memory services overall whether they had standard or excellent accreditation. However, ‘excellent’ services were consistently better on a number of factors. This provides further support that the accreditation process is an important indicator of the quality of memory services. Copyright 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Authors Reply
Authors: Junewicz Alexandra , Youngner Stuart J.
Published: November 2015

A response to “CAHPS Surveys: Valid and Valuable Measures of Patient Experience,” byWilliam G. Lehrman and Mark W. Friedberg, and to “Courage, Context, and Contemporary Health Care,” by Jeffrey T. Berger.
A Buyer's Market? Fixing the Price for Human Ova for Assisted Reproduction
Authors: Johnson Sandra H.
Published: November 2015

The Wall Street Journal article “Putting a Price on a Human Egg” triggered extensive media coverage of a rather unusual challenge to payments made to women providing ova for use in assisted reproduction. In Kamakahi v. American Society for Reproductive Medicine and Society for Assisted Reproductive Technologies, plaintiffs claim that ASRM and SART policies adopting limits on such payments violate the federal antitrust prohibition against price fixing.In 2007, an ASRM Ethics Committee Report, confirming a 2000 report, asserted that, “[a]lthough there is no consensus on the precise payment that oocyte donors should receive, at this time sums of $5,000 or more require justification and sums above $10,000 are not appropriate.” SART is an affiliate organization of ASRM and counts as its members 90 percent of the clinics providing assisted reproductive technologies in the United States. SART requires that its members “[adhere] to all ASRM/SART Guidelines including ethical, practice, advertising, and laboratory.” The plaintiffs in Kamakahi claim that the agreement among SART members to abide by the ASRM policy restricts competition among agencies procuring oocytes and produces lower payments than women would otherwise be able to negotiate. It is through the requirement that SART members adhere to ASRM ethical guidelines that ethics goes to market and encounters antitrust law.

Ethicists continue to debate whether payment for oocytes inappropriately commodifies the human body, and ASRM policy consistently refers to their procurement as the “donation process” and to women who participate as “donors.” Nevertheless, in the context of antitrust law, the procurement of oocytes is a business and clearly falls within the reach of antitrust restrictions on business conduct.
A Vaping Matter: E‐cigarette Use in Health Care Organizations
Authors: Bean Sally , Smith Maxwell J.
Published: November 2015

Although there is no federal legislation yet on e‐cigarettes, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration proposed regulations in April 2014 that would prohibit sales of e‐cigarettes to anyone under eighteen and require that they be approved by the FDA as a tobacco product and carry warning labels for consumers on their packaging. (The proposed regulations have been characterized as conservative, however, because they do not restrict e‐cigarettes that are fruit or candy flavored or restrict advertising, which tends to target young consumers.) Only three U.S. states have extended the same restrictions placed on tobacco products to e‐cigarettes; however, eighteen states have passed legislation enacting use restrictions on venues such as schools, state property, or workplaces. Until there is applicable legislation at the federal, state, or municipal levels, health care organizations will have to develop institutional policies if they wish to consistently address the use of e‐cigarettes by patients and visitors on their property.
“Lethal” Fetal Anomalies and Elective Cesarean
Authors: Mayor Mejebi T. , White Amina
Published: November 2015

Deborah is a thirty‐three‐year‐old who presented to labor and delivery at thirty‐seven weeks gestation with complaints of contractions. Upon arrival, she explained that her fetus, Nathan, had been diagnosed with a “lethal” condition by her primary obstetrician. At twenty‐two weeks gestation, an amniocentesis confirmed trisomy 13, a chromosomal abnormality leading to miscarriage or stillbirth in nearly one‐half of affected pregnancies. During the admission process, Deborah voices the worry that due to Nathan's brain and heart structure, vaginal delivery could be traumatic and cause him to suffer. Deborah wishes for him to have as painless and as dignified a death as possible; cesarean section, she feels, will achieve this. Yet with her history of three prior vaginal deliveries, normally progressing labor, and poor fetal prognosis that is unlikely to improve with cesarean delivery, there is no maternal or fetal indication for a cesarean section. Should the obstetrician proceed with a cesarean delivery despite knowing that it would expose the mother to surgical risks with little or no corresponding fetal or neonatal benefit?
The Misregulation of Research?
Authors: Resnik David B.
Published: November 2015

Very few people who read Carl Schneider's The Censor's Hand: The Misregulation of Human‐Subject Research (MIT Press, 2015) will have a neutral opinion of his book. Schneider defends the radical thesis that the system of regulating human subjects research is not just broken but deeply misguided and therefore needs to be abolished. While some researchers who are frustrated with the current regime will welcome Schneider's scathing critiques of institutional review boards and the regulations they enforce, those who view the status quo as a necessary, though perhaps flawed, means of protecting human subjects will recoil from his arguments and conclusions. Schneider rejects reform efforts, such as the proposed revisions to the Common Rule, as likely to be short‐lived and ineffective. He argues that professional self‐regulation and tort law can do a better job of protecting human subjects and advancing research than government regulation.
Waving Goodbye to Waivers of Consent
Authors: Botkin Jeffrey R.
Published: November 2015

The Common Rule governs research on human subjects and attempts to balance respect for individual decision-making with efficiency when research risks are low. The regulations allow research to be conducted without consent if the data or biospecimens collected in a study are deidentified, and consent can be waived for identifiable data and biospecimens if the risks of the research are minimal and consent is deemed impracticable. These approaches have been widely used for research using clinical databases and residual clinical and research biospecimens, and they have proven remarkably successful over the past twenty-five years, if success is measured by a lack of adverse events.But the landscape is changing.
A Clinical Ethicist's Thank‐You
Authors: DeRenzo Evan G.
Published: November 2015

A commentary on “Must We Be Courageous?,” by Ann Hamric, John Arras, and Margaret Mohrmann, in the May‐June 2015 issue.
Heat Transfer Phenomena of Assemblages of Smooth Slip Spheres in Newtonian Fluids
Authors: Ramteke Rahul Ramdas , Kishore Nanda
Published: November 2015

Combined effects of slip velocity and volume fraction of slip spheres on the heat transfer characteristics of multiple slip spheres are numerically investigated within the framework of a free surface cell model combined with a linear slip velocity along the surface of the slip spheres. The governing conservation equations of the mass, momentum, and energy are solved by a segregated approach using a simplified marker and cell algorithm implemented on a staggered grid arrangement in spherical coordinates. The convection and diffusion terms of conservation equations are discretized using quadratic upstream interpolation for convective kinematics and second‐order central differencing schemes, respectively. Prior to obtaining new results, this numerical solver is validated by comparison of present results with the existing literature values. Further new results are obtained for a range of conditions as; Reynolds number, Re: 0.1–200; Prandtl number, Pr: 1–100; volume fraction of slip spheres, Φ: 0.1–0.5 and slip parameter, λ: 0.01–100. The effects of these dimensionless parameters on isotherm contours and local and average Nusselt numbers are thoroughly delineated. Finally, a new empirical correlation for the average Nusselt number of multiple smooth slip spheres is proposed on the basis of present numerical results.
Some selected quantitative methods of thermal image analysis in Matlab
Authors: Koprowski Robert
Published: November 2015

The paper presents a new algorithm based on some selected automatic quantitative methods for analysing thermal images. It shows the practical implementation of these image analysis methods in Matlab. It enables to perform fully automated and reproducible measurements of selected parameters in thermal images. The paper also shows two examples of the use of the proposed image analysis methods for the area of ​​the skin of a human foot and face. The full source code of the developed application is also provided as an attachment.

The main window of the program during dynamic analysis of the foot thermal image.

magnified image

The main window of the program during dynamic analysis of the foot thermal image.
Solutions of BVPs in the fully coupled theory of elasticity for the space with double porosity and spherical cavity
Authors: Bitsadze Lamara , Tsagareli I.
Published: November 2015

In this paper, the fully coupled theory of elasticity for solids with double porosity is considered. The explicit solutions of the basic boundary value problems (BVPs) in the fully coupled linear equilibrium theory of elasticity for the space with double porosity and spherical cavity are constructed. The solutions of these BVPs are represented by means of absolutely and uniformly convergent series. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonexistence of global solutions to new ordinary differential inequality and applications to nonlineardispersive equations
Authors: Kutev Nikolay , Kolkovska Natalia , Dimova Milena
Published: November 2015

A new ordinary differential inequality without global solutions is proposed. Comparison with similar differential inequalities in the well‐known concavity method is performed. As an application, finite time blow up of the solutions to nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation and generalized Boussinesq equation is proven. The initial energy is arbitrary high positive. The structural conditions on the initial data generalize the assumptions used in the literature for the time being. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct simulations of the linear elastic displacements field based on a lattice Boltzmann model
Authors: Yin Xianli , Yan Guangwu , Li Tingting
Published: November 2015

In this paper, a lattice Boltzmann model for simulating linear elastic Lame equation is proposed. Differently from the classic lattice Boltzmann models, this lattice Boltzmann model is based on displacement distribution function in lattice Boltzmann equation. By using the technique of the higher‐order moments of equilibrium distribution functions and a series of partial differential equations in different time scales, we obtain the Lame equation with fourth‐order truncation errors. Based on this model, some problems with small deflection are simulated. The comparisons between the numerical results and the analytical solutions are given in detail. The numerical examples show that the lattice Boltzmann model can be used to solve problems of the linear elastic displacement field with small deflection. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The need to revisit published data: A concept and framework for complementary proteomics
Authors: Zhou Tao , Sha Jiahao , Guo Xuejiang
Published: November 2015

Tandem proteomic strategies based on large‐scale and high‐resolution mass spectrometry have been widely applied in various biomedical studies. However, protein sequence databases and proteomic software are continuously updated. Proteomic studies should not be ended with a stable list of proteins. It is necessary and beneficial to regularly revise the results. Besides, the original proteomic studies usually focused on a limited aspect of protein information and valuable information may remain undiscovered in the raw spectra. Several studies have reported novel findings by reanalyzing previously published raw data. However, there are still no standard guidelines for comprehensive reanalysis. In the present study, we proposed the concept and draft framework for complementary proteomics, which are aimed to revise protein list or mine new discoveries by revisiting published data.
An interaction proteomics survey of transcription factor binding at recurrent TERT promoter mutations
Authors: Makowski Matthew M. , Willems Esther , Fang Jun , Choi Jiyeon , Zhang Tongwu , Jansen Pascal W. T. C. , Brown Kevin M. , Vermeulen Michiel
Published: November 2015

Aberrant telomerase reactivation in differentiated cells represents a major event in oncogenic transformation. Recurrent somatic mutations in the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter region, predominantly localized to two nucleotide positions, are highly prevalent in many cancer types. Both mutations create novel consensus E26 transformation‐specific (ETS) motifs and are associated with increased TERT expression. Here, we perform an unbiased proteome‐wide survey of transcription factor binding at TERT promoter mutations in melanoma. We observe ELF1 binding at both mutations in vitro and we show that increased recruitment of GABP is enabled by the spatial architecture of native and novel ETS motifs in the TERT promoter region. We characterize the dynamics of competitive binding between ELF1 and GABP and provide evidence for ELF1 exclusion by transcriptionally active GABP. This study thus provides an important description of proteome‐wide, mutation‐specific binding at the recurrent, oncogenic TERT promoter mutations.
Protein C‐terminal enzymatic labeling identifies novel caspase cleavages during the apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells induced by kinase inhibition
Authors: Duan Wenwen , Chen Suping , Zhang Yang , Li Dan , Wang Rong , Chen Shi , Li Junbei , Qiu Xiaoyan , Xu Guoqiang
Published: November 2015

Caspase activation and proteolytic cleavages are the major events in the early stage of apoptosis. Identification of protein substrates cleaved by caspases will reveal the occurrence of the early events in the apoptotic process and may provide potential drug targets for cancer therapy. Although several N‐terminal MS‐based proteomic approaches have been developed to identify proteolytic cleavages, these methods have their inherent drawbacks. Here we apply a previously developed proteomic approach, protein C‐terminal enzymatic labeling (ProC‐TEL), to identify caspase cleavage events occurring in the early stage of the apoptosis of a myeloma cell line induced by kinase inhibition. Both previously identified and novel caspase cleavage sites are detected and the reduction of the expression level of several proteins is confirmed biochemically upon kinase inhibition although the current ProC‐TEL procedure is not fully optimized to provide peptide identifications comparable to N‐terminal labeling approaches. The identified cleaved proteins form a complex interaction network with central hubs determining morphological changes during the apoptosis. Sequence analyses show that some ProC‐TEL identified caspase cleavage events are unidentifiable when traditional N‐terminomic approaches are utilized. This work demonstrates that ProC‐TEL is a complementary approach to the N‐terminomics for the identification of proteolytic cleavage events such as caspase cleavages in signaling pathways.
Nucleoporin 62 and Ca2+/calmodulin dependent kinase kinase 2 regulate androgen receptor activity in castrate resistant prostate cancer cells
Authors: Karacosta Loukia G. , Kuroski Laura A. , Hofmann Wilma A. , Azabdaftari Gissou , Mastri Michalis , Gocher Angela M. , Dai Shuhang , Hoste Allen J. , Edelman Arthur M.
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND

Re‐activation of the transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor (AR) is an important factor mediating progression from androgen‐responsive to castrate‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, the mechanisms regulating AR activity in CRPC remain incompletely understood. Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent kinase kinase (CaMKK) 2 was previously shown to regulate AR activity in androgen‐responsive prostate cancer cells. Our objective was to further explore the basis of this regulation in CRPC cells.

METHODS

The abundance of CaMKK2 in nuclear fractions of androgen‐responsive prostate cancer and CRPC, cells were determined by subcellular fractionation and Western blotting. CaMKK2 association with nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and nucleoporins (Nups) including Nup62, were imaged by structured illumination and super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy and co‐immunoprecipitation, respectively. The abundance and subcellular localization of CaMKK2 and Nup62 in human clinical specimens of prostate cancer was visualized by immunohistochemistry. The role of Nups in the growth and viability of CRPC cells was assessed by RNA interference and cell counting. The involvement of CaMKK2 and Nup62 in regulating AR transcriptional activity was addressed by RNA interference, chromatin immunoprecipitation, androgen response element reporter assay, and Western blotting.

RESULTS

CaMKK2 was expressed at higher levels in the nuclear fraction of CPRC C4‐2 cells, than in that of androgen‐responsive LNCaP cells. In C4‐2 cells, CaMKK2 associated with NPCs of the nuclear envelope and physically interacted with Nup62. CaMKK2 and Nup62 demonstrated pronounced, and similar increases in both expression and perinuclear/nuclear localization in human clinical specimens of advanced prostate cancer relative to normal prostate. Knockdown of Nup62, but not of Nups, 98 or 88, reduced growth and viability of C4‐2 cells. Knockdown of Nup62 produced a greater reduction of the growth and viability of C4‐2 cells than of non‐neoplastic RWPE‐1 prostatic cells. Nup62, CaMKK2, and the AR were recruited to androgen response elements of the AR target genes, prostate specific antigen, and transmembrane protease, serine 2. Knockdown of CaMKK2 and Nup62 reduced prostate specific antigen expression and AR transcriptional activity driven by androgen response elements from the prostate‐specific probasin gene promoter.

CONCLUSION

Nup62 and CaMKK2 are required for optimal AR transcriptional activity and a potential mechanism for AR re‐activation in CRPC. Prostate 76:294–306, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Influence of Income, Lifestyle, and Green Spaces on Interregional Migration: Policy Implications for China
Authors: Yang Zhenshan , Cai Jianming , Qi Wei , Liu Shenghe , Deng Yu.
Published: November 2015

Interregional migration has become an important driver shaping the economic landscape in China. By using 2010 Chinese census data, this study investigates the determinants of interregional migration and their implications for regional growth, estimated using principal component analysis, and a negative binomial regression model. In particular, it measures the roles of region size, income and lifestyle, green spaces, and employment opportunities in the origin and destination regions, and distance between the two regions. In addition to confirming the continuing influence of economic indicators as well as distance (owing to high moving costs), the findings presented herein add to the policy debate by encouraging regional policymakers to consider the effects of income, lifestyle, and green spaces. A strategy based on cheap labour is no longer encouraging growth in China, while many regions are suffering from environmental degradation. To address these shortcomings, an amenities‐based growth strategy concerning income, lifestyle, and green spaces for regional development is discussed, and policy implications are suggested. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electromechanical behavior of pulsed laser deposited platinum‐based metallic glass thin films
Authors: Das Santanu , Santos‐Ortiz Reinaldo , Arora Harpreet Singh , Mridha Sanghita , Shepherd Nigel D. , Mukherjee Sundeep
Published: November 2015

Noble‐metal‐based amorphous alloys show exceptional electrocatalytic activity and durability, and are promising for next generation electrochemical devices for energy conversion and storage. Here, we report on the electro‐mechanical behavior of pulsed laser deposited Pt‐based metallic glass thin film of composition Pt57.5Cu14.7Ni5.3P22.5. Pulsed laser deposition is ideally suited for the synthesis of thin films with complex compositions since the congruent evaporation process ensures that the composition of the ablation target is replicated in the film being grown. High resolution transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction show that the deposited film is fully amorphous. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that the constituent elements in the thin film are in their elemental state, forming an isotropic amorphous structure. Nano‐indentation determined elastic modulus and hardness values of 52.8 and 2.98 GPa, respectively. In addition, the thin‐films exhibited unusually high ductility and low coefficient of friction. The sheet resistance of the as‐deposited films was found to be around 76 mΩ sq−1. By current measurement during indentation, we demonstrate current drop during shear band nucleation, which is attributed to increased electron scattering from localized heating.
Spatially indirect transitions in electric field tunable quantum dot diodes
Authors: Rai Ashish K. , Gordon Simon , Ludwig Arne , Wieck Andreas D. , Zrenner Artur , Reuter Dirk
Published: November 2015

We analyse an InAs/GaAs‐based electric field tunable single quantum dot diode with a thin tunnelling barrier between a buried n+‐back contact and a quantum dot layer. In voltage‐dependent photoluminescence measurements, we observe rich signatures from spatially direct and indirect transitions from the wetting layer and from a single quantum dot. By analysing the Stark effect, we show that the indirect transitions result from a recombination between confined holes in the wetting or quantum dot layer with electrons from the edge of the Fermi sea in the back contact. Using a 17 nm tunnel barrier which provides comparably weak tunnel coupling allowed us to observe clear signatures of direct and corresponding indirect lines for a series of neutral and positively charged quantum dot states.