bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Resident and Faculty Performance in Routinely Addressing Unmet Reproductive Health Needs in a Teaching Health Center
Authors: Kvach Elizabeth , Marcus Hayley , Loomis Lucy
Published: April 2018

Background and Objectives: High rates of unintended pregnancy and poor pregnancy outcomes can be ameliorated by improved access to contraceptive and preconception care. Little data exists regarding application of routine pregnancy intention (PI) screening to reduce unintended pregnancy and optimize preconception health in family medicine residency education. This quality improvement (QI) project evaluated the rate at which family medicine residents and providers (attending physicians and nurse practitioners) addressed women’s unmet reproductive health needs identified through PI screening.
Methods: In April 2015 routine PI screening was implemented at a teaching health center. From April through July chart review was performed of patient encounters for eligible women age 12 to 45 to assess the rate of addressing unmet reproductive health needs, including contraception and/or preconception care, based on provider documentation. Individual resident and provider performance feedback was given monthly. Follow-up chart review was performed in February 2016 to evaluate postintervention performance.
Results: Residents and providers had 1,676 eligible patient visits, and respectively increased their rates of addressing unmet reproductive health care needs from 47% to 48% in April to 66% to 67% in July 2015. Residents had a sustained increased rate of 62% in February 2016 (P=0.0139), while providers did not.
Conclusions: Resident and provider rates of addressing women’s unmet reproductive health needs increased with a simple QI intervention. Residents, but not providers, sustained these rates at 6-month follow-up. Routine PI screening combined with performance evaluation is a promising approach to promote preventive reproductive health education in family medicine residency teaching clinics, but requires further study of long-term outcomes.
Potensi Daun Biduri (Calotropis gigantea) Sebagai Bahan Aktif Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)
Authors: Suprianto Suprianto , Ulum M. Syahrul , Iqbal Iqbal
Published: April 2018

Penelitian tentang potensi daun biduri (Calotropis gigantea) sebagai bahan aktif Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) telah dilakukan. Daun biduri diekstrak dengan menggunakan metode meserasi dengan pelarut aseton 80%. Absorbansi hasil ektrak (larutan) kemudian diukur dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis, dan kadar klorofilnya dihitung dengan metode Arnon. Adapun konduktivitasnya dihitung dengan metode two point probe. Dengan menggunakan Microsoft Excel diperoleh absorbansi maksimum berada pada konsentrasi 0,15 g/ml yaitu sebesar 3,352 a.u. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan kadar klorofil daun biduri sebesar 1,4621 mg/g. Data hasil perhitungan konduktivitas yang diolah dengan Microsoft Excel menunjukkan kenaikan konduktivitas larutan klorofil sebesar 0,0555 (Ωm)-1 pada setiap penambahan konsentrasi 1 gr/ml. Berdasarkan data-data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa daun biduri memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan bahan aktif Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)
Identifikasi Struktur Perlapisan Bawah Permukaan Berdasarkan Analisis Gelombang Geser Di Kecamatan Palu Barat
Authors: Tayeb Musrifah Am , Efendi Rustan , Kasim Sandra
Published: April 2018

Penelitian dengan metode refraksi mikrotremor telah dilakukan di Kecamatan Palu Barat dengan merekam penjalaran gelombang yang terjadi di bawah permukaan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi struktur perlapisan bawah permukaan berdasarkan analisis gelombang geser dengan menggunakan metode refraksi mikrotremor. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan 2 program yaitu menggunakan program Surface Wave Analysis Wizard dan program WaveEq (Surface Wave Analysis). Hasil estimasi nilai kecepatan gelombang geser pada lapangan SMA 4 berkisar antara 165 m/s sampai 670 m/s, untuk lapangan masjid agung berkisar antara 235 m/s sampai 735 m/s, untuk lapangan bola lasoso berkisar antara 100 m/s sampai 565 m/s, untuk lapangan bola durian berkisar antara 335 m/s sampai 595 m/s, untuk lapangan bola anggur berkisar antara 215 m/s sampai 670 m/s, untuk lapangan bolagajah mada berkisar antara 305 m/s sampai 640 m/s. Nilai kecepatan gelombang geser tersebut menunjukan bahwa pada Kecamatan Palu Barat didominasi oleh batuan aluvium, pasir tersaturasi dan lempung pasiran.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Komponen Kimia Minyak Atsiri dari Daun, Batang dan Bunga Tumbuhan Salembangu (Melissa sp.)
Authors: Nurhaen Nurhaen , Winarsii Dessy , Ridhay Ahmad
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rendemen dan komponen kimia minyak atsiri tumbuhan Salembangu (Melissa sp.). Sampel yang digunakan adalah bagian  daun, batang, dan bunga. Minyak atsiri tumbuhan Salembangu diperoleh dengan metode destilasi uap-air, kemudian destilatnya dipisahkan dengan corong pisah, sehingga diperoleh rata-rata rendemen minyak atsiri pada daun, batang, dan bunga berturut-turut sebesar 0,51%, 0,29%, 0,90%. Analisis komponen kimia minyak atsiri tumbuhan Salembangu dilakukan dengan menggunakan Kromatografi Gas Spektrometri Massa (GC-MS). Komponen terbesar minyak atsiri tumbuhan Salembangu pada daun adalah kurkumin pada batang adalah 4-Terpineol dan pada bunga adalah Syringol. Senyawa yang mencirikan aroma khaspadatumbuhan Salembangu adalah Zingeron.
Pemodelan 2D Reservoar Geotermal Menggunakan Metode Geomagnet Pada Lapangan Panasbumi Mapane Tambu
Authors: Rafmin Fatmawati , Efendi Rustan , Sandra Sandra
Published: April 2018

Pemodelan 2D reservoar geothermal menggunakan metode geomagnet telah dilakukan pada Lapangan Panasbumi Mapane Tambu. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis pemodelan 2D data magnetik untuk mengetahui informasi kondisi bawah permukaan serta reservoar daerah panasbumi Desa Mapane Tambu. Pada penelitian ini juga menjelaskan hubungan nilai suseptibilitas batuan bawah permukaan terhadap temperatur berdasarkan sifat magnetik batuan yang menjadi prinsip dasar dalam menentukan model 2D reservoar. Pemodelan data Geomagnet dilakukan dengan bantuan program Mag2DC. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa kedalaman reservoar pada lintasan a-a׳ yang berarah dari utara-selatan sekitar 46,73 m dengan nilai suseptibilitas -0,001 SI, lintasan b-b׳ yang berarah dari utara-selatan sekitar 76,03 m dengan nilai suseptibilitas -0,003 SI, dan lintasan e-e׳ yang berarah dari barat baratlaut-timurmenenggara sekitar 304,66 m dengan nilai suseptibilitas -0,001 SI. Nilai suseptibilitas pada setiap lintasan menunjukkan bahwa batuan yang berfungsi sebagai reservoar adalah batuan sedimen .
Pengelol Jurnal
Authors: Jurnal Pengelola
Published: April 2018

Pengelola Jurnal
Preferensi Habitat Cacing Tanah (Oligochaeta) di Kabupaten Banggai Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Mulyawan Dandi Wahyu , Annawaty Annawaty , Fahri Fahri
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui preferensi habitat cacing tanah di Batui Kabupaten Banggai Sulawesi Tengah. Metode yang dilakukan untuk penentuan lokasi dalam pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive randomize sampling dengan melihat casting (kotoran cacing tanah), permukaan tanah yang lembab dan luas tutupan tajuk tanaman. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 4 penggunaan lahan yaitu pekarangan rumah, perkebunan kelapa sawit, kebun kakao dan hutan sekunder. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan cangkul, dengan luasan permukaan tanah ukuran 25 x 25 cm. Tanah digali pada tingkat kedalaman 0 – 30 cm. Spesimen diawetkan di Laboratorium Zoologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Tadulako yang diidentifikasi berdasarkan Easton (1979). Cacing tanah yang teridentifikasi tergolong ke dalam genus Planapheretima terdapat pada preferensi habitat pekarangan rumah sebanyak 7 individu dari 11 jumlah individu yang terbagi atas Planapheretima sp1, Planapheretima sp2 dan Planapheretima sp3. Empat individu lainnya di pekarangan rumah tidak dapat diidentifikasi begitu pula dengan cacing tanah yang ditemukan pada lokasi perkebunan kelapa sawit (15 individu), kebun kakao (10 individu) dan hutan sekunder (14 individu) karena masih dalam tahap juvenil.
Potensi Tumbuhan Melastoma malabathricum L. Sebagai Bahan Antibakteri Salmonellosis
Authors: Handayani Mutia , Lambui Orryani , Suwastika I Nengah
Published: April 2018

Penelitian tentang potensi tumbuhan Melastoma malabathricum L. sebagai bahan antibakteri Salmonellosis telah dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai Desember 2016. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu a) untuk mendeskripsikan morfologi tumbuhan M. malabathricum L. yang berasal dari Desa Lero, b) mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun M. malabathricum L. dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Salmonella typhi dan c) mengetahui konsentrasi yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. typhi. Metode survei digunakan untuk memperoleh tumbuhan, metode deskriptif digunakan untuk determinasi tumbuhan dan metode eksperimental untuk melihat kemampuan antibakteri yang disusun berdasarkan model Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan dengan pemberian konsentrasi ekstrak daun 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% serta antibiotik amoxicillin 2% sebagai kontrol positif dan Na-CMC 1% sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tumbuhan M. malabathricum L. yang berasal dari Desa Lero merupakan tumbuhan yang sejenis dengan tumbuhan yang dideskripsikan oleh Van Valkenburg and Bunyapraphatsara (2002), dengan perbedaan morfologi pada tumbuhan M. malabatricum L. meliputi tinggi batang dan ukuran daun. Pada uji daya hambat, konsentrasi ekstrak daun 60% menghasilkan zona hambat dengan diameter paling besar yaitu 20,6 mm, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun M. malabathricum L. memiliki daya hambat yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daun 10%, 20% dan 40%
Uji Daya Hambat Dan Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Daun Macaranga tanarius (L.) Mull. Arg Sebagai Antibakteri Salmonella typhi
Authors: Musdalifah Musdalifah , Khumaidi Akhmad , Suwastika I Nengah
Published: April 2018

Penelitian uji daya hambat dan skrining fitokimia ekstrak daun Macaranga tanarius (L.) M.A sebagai antibakteri Salmonella typhi telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai November 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan morfologi tumbuhan, mengetahui aktifitas antibakteri, serta kandungan kimia ekstrak daun M.  tanarius (L.) M.A. Penelitian in menggunakan metode deskriptif, analisis skrining fitokimia,dan eksperimental dalam uji daya hambat ekstrak yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi pemberian konsentrasi ekstrak daun 10%, 20%, 40% dan 60%, serta kontrol positif (kloramfenikol 1%) dan kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 1%). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak  tumbuhan M. tanarius (L.) M.A pada konsentrasi 60% menghasilkan zona hambat yang paling besar yaitu 20 mm, lebih tinggi dibandingkan konsentrasi lainnya, namun masih lebih kecil dibandingkan kontrol positif. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukan adanya senyawa alkaloid, tanin dan saponin pada tumbuhan Macaranga tanarius (L.) M.A
Pembuatan dan Pengujian Sifat Mekanik Plastik Biodegradable Berbasis Tepung Biji Durian
Authors: Arini Dewi , Ulum M.Syahrul , Kasman Kasman
Published: April 2018

Pembuatan dan pengujian sifat mekanik plastik biodegradable berbasis tepung biji durian telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat mekanik plastik biodegradable yang meliputi uji kuat tarik, elongasi, dan modulus Young. Pengujian sifat mekanik kuat tarik dilakukan menggunakan alat Stress Analyzer 1000, dengan bentuk spesimen uji tarik yang merujuk pada standar ASTM-D638. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh nilai kuat tarik rata-rata 0,1158 MPa, elongasi 2,1875%, dan modulus Young 4,1515 MPa. Dibandingkan dengan golongan moderate properties plastik biodegradable, nilai tersebut masih jauh dari standar. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan plastik biodegradable pada penelitian ini masih perlu dioptimalkan.
A játék hendikepes rendszere
Authors: Kiss Gábor Zoltán
Published: April 2018

A dolgozat Bernard Suits nyomán hendikepes rendszerként határozza meg a játékot. Olyan tevékenységként, ahol triviális feladatokat oldunk meg nem hatékony módokon, különös kötelmek szerint. Az utóbbi kötelmeket a játék operatív szabályai rögzítik, melyek más, konstitutív és implicit szabályokkal kiegészülve hozzák létre a játék komplex élményét. A cikk amellett érvel, hogy a fenti módon valamennyi játék leírható, miközben egy a játékhoz és a létrejöttéhez közeli nézőpontot szorgalmaz.

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The Handicapped System of Play

Following Bernard Suits’s The Grasshopper, the article seeks to define games as handicapped systems where players, according to special obligations, solve trivial tasks in ineffective ways. These obligations are recorded in the operative rules, combined with some constitutive and implicit rules, to create the complex experiences we call games. We attempt to prove that all games can be described in the above manner, which leads to an unusual critical perspective that closes the gap between the game and its creation.

Keywords: game, game experience, conflict, possibility space, rules
Noogames: játékkultúra és civilizációs horizont
Authors: Z. Karvalics László
Published: April 2018

A tanulmány a játékkultúra kialakulóban lévő harmadik szakasza legfontosabb sajátosságának a játékok révén fokozódó kollektív megismerő erőt és a civilizációs kihívásokból levezetett célvezéreltséget tartja. Az egyre összetettebb játékvilágot így a nooszférába és a nootechnológiák közé sorolva kínál egy induló tipológiát, amelynek révén a játékok egy új főosztályának (noogames) alesetei is áttekinthetővé válnak. Ennek megfelelően határozza meg az egyes típusokat: az új tudományos tudást és az új információs értéket létrehozó játékokat, a tudományos és egyéb tudást sokszorozó játékokat, s a begyakorló, érettség-teremtő és tudatosság-fokozó játékokat, kijelölve eközben az oktató játékok helyét is ebben a rendszerben. A típusokat összefoglaló táblázat minden egyes celláját oda sorolható játékok illusztrálják.

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Noogames: game culture and civilization horizon

The main argument of the paper revolves around the emerging third stage of game culture development. Its most important feature is collective cognition power, improved and augmented by games, and the new purposefulness, which is derived from the current challenges of civilisation. The ever increasingly complex game culture is presented as a part of the noosphere and nootechnologies, providing a taxonomy background for a new, main cluster of games, the so-called noogames. In this brand new conceptual framework the author identifies science games, emergames (games, producing new knowledge), scientific and knowledge dissemination games, launch games, maturity games and awareness raising games. It is also easy to find the place of education games in this system, where every category is illustrated by randomly listed popular games.

Keywords: serious games, noosphere, nootechnology, game typologies, human technology
A problémás videojáték-használat újabb elméleti és gyakorlati megközelítései
Authors: Bányai Fanni , Zsila Ágnes , Demetrovics Zsolt , Király Orsolya
Published: April 2018

Napjainkban a videojátékokkal való időtöltés az egyik legnépszerűbb szabadidős tevékenység a fiatalok körében. Ennek elterjedésével párhuzamosan nőtt a tudományos érdeklődés a játékok káros hatásai, illetve azok problémás használata iránt, mely jelenség a köznyelvben csak “játékfüggőségként” ismert. A kutatások rámutattak arra, hogy a játékosok kis része jelentős pszichológiai ártalmaktól szenved számos életterületen (például családi, társas, munkahelyi/tanulmányi). Tanulmányunk célja áttekintést nyújtani a problémás játékhasználat újabb elméleti megközelítéseiről, diagnosztikai kritériumairól és méréséről. A definíciót és a kritériumokat övező tudományos viták mellett bemutatjuk a kezelési eljárásokat és programokat, valamint felvázoljuk a jövőbeli kutatási irányzatok lehetőségeit is.

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Problematic video gaming: Novel approaches in theory and practice

These days spending time playing video games is one of the most popular leisure-time activities among young people. With the growth of interest in video games research has begun to focus on the negative effects of usage in addition to problematic use, which is commonly known as "game addiction". Research has pointed out that a small number of gamers suffer from severe functional and psychological harm in several aspects of their lives (for instance, family, social, work/study). The aim of our study is to provide an overview of the novel theoretical approaches, diagnostic criteria and assessment of problematic gaming. Besides describing the scientific debates concerning the definition and criteria, we present the treatment methods and programs, and draw a picture of the possibilities for future directions in research.

Keywords: problematic gaming, gaming disorder, addiction, Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), interactive media
Intensive Treat-to-Target Statin Therapy in High-Risk Japanese Patients With Hypercholesterolemia and Diabetic Retinopathy: Report of a Randomized Study
Authors: Itoh Hiroshi , Komuro Issei , Takeuchi Masahiro , Akasaka Takashi , Daida Hiroyuki , Egashira Yoshiki , Fujita Hideo , Higaki Jitsuo , Hirata Ken-ichi , Ishibashi Shun , Isshiki Takaaki , Ito Sadayoshi , Kashiwagi Atsunori , Kato Satoshi , Kitagawa Kazuo , Kitakaze Masafumi , Kitazono Takanari , Kurabayashi Masahiko , Miyauchi Katsumi , Murakami Tomoaki , Murohara Toyoaki , Node Koichi , Ogawa Susumu , Saito Yoshihiko , Seino Yoshihiko , Shigeeda Takashi , Shindo Shunya , Sugawara Masahiro , Sugiyama Seigo , Terauchi Yasuo , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Ueshima Kenji , Utsunomiya Kazunori , Yamagishi Masakazu , Yamazaki Tsutomu , Yo Shoei , Yokote Koutaro , Yoshida Kiyoshi , Yoshimura Michihiro , Yoshimura Nagahisa , Nakao Kazuwa , Nagai Ryozo
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE

Diabetes is associated with high risk of cardiovascular (CV) events, particularly in patients with dyslipidemia and diabetic complications. We investigated the incidence of CV events with intensive or standard lipid-lowering therapy in patients with hypercholesterolemia, diabetic retinopathy, and no history of coronary artery disease (treat-to-target approach).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In this multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point study, eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to intensive statin therapy targeting LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) <70 mg/dL (n = 2,518) or standard statin therapy targeting LDL-C 100–120 mg/dL (n = 2,524).

RESULTS

Mean follow-up was 37 ± 13 months. LDL-C at 36 months was 76.5 ± 21.6 mg/dL in the intensive group and 104.1 ± 22.1 mg/dL in the standard group (P < 0.001). The primary end point events occurred in 129 intensive group patients and 153 standard group patients (hazard ratio [HR] 0.84 [95% CI 0.67–1.07]; P = 0.15). The relationship between the LDL-C difference in the two groups and the event reduction rate was consistent with primary prevention studies in patients with diabetes. Exploratory findings showed significantly fewer cerebral events in the intensive group (HR 0.52 [95% CI 0.31–0.88]; P = 0.01). Safety did not differ significantly between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS

We found no significant decrease in CV events or CV-associated deaths with intensive therapy, possibly because our between-group difference of LDL-C was lower than expected (27.7 mg/dL at 36 months of treatment). The potential benefit of achieving LDL-C <70 mg/dL in a treat-to-target strategy in high-risk patients deserves further investigation.
Studi Penilaian Ekosistem Mangrove Hasil Tanam Berdasarkan Keberadaan Gastropoda di Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta
Authors: Assuyuti Yayan Mardiansyah , Rijaluddin Alfan Farhan
Published: April 2018

The aims of mangrove replanted are to protect and good quality of coastal ecosystems and small islands, but it is have influenced to change of habitat and ecology function. This study conducted at Pramuka Island, Seribu islands, Jakarta, in June 2016. Data of gastropoda using 1 m2 square random sampling and divide depend on height are 0-1, 1-2 and 2-3 m. The aims of study are to determine (i) diversity, density, (ii) vertical distribution, (iii) size shell, (iv) correlation of density with distribution, (v) correlation of size shell with vertical distribution, (vi) correlation of individual with height gastropoda, and (vii) assessment of mangrove replanted depend on gastropoda. The species of Terebralia sp. and Littorina sp. are found in mangrove replanted. The total value of diversity and density of mangrove gastropoda are 0.6 and 31.3 ind/m2, respectively. Vertical distribution of gastropoda Terebralia sp. found in 0-1 m and Littorina sp. in 0-3 m. The density and individual of Terebralia sp. have high value and size shell largest than Littorina sp. Gastropoda found indicated that the mangrove ecosystem in Pramuka island is still young and is in a transition state.
Struktur Komunitas Perifiton Pada Lamun Jenis Thalassia hemprichii dan Cymodocea rotundatta di Kawasan Pantai Sanur
Authors: Pratama Putu Satya , Wiyanto Dwi Budi , Faiqoh Elok
Published: April 2018

Seagrass has function as nursery ground, spawning ground, feeding ground and habitat for many coastal organism (benthic, fish and epiphytes). Tourism activities in Sanur beach, the habitat of seagrass, could change the water condition, it indirectly influencing the existences of seagrass plants and periphyton in Sanur beach. The aim of this study are to analyze community structure of periphyton on seagrass leaves (Thalassia hemprichii and Cymodocea rotundatta) and its relationship with water parameters in four stations at Sanur beach area that has the unique characteristics. Water parameters measured were temperature, salinity, DO (Dissolved oxyen), pH, nitrate, phosphate, and TSS (Total Suspended Solid). Data analysis using PCA (Principal Component Analysis) to see the parameters that most influence on the abundance of periphyton. The results showed diversity index (H’) of periphyton is moderate, eveness index (E) moderate to high, and dominance index (C) is low to medium. It concluded that conditions of Sanur waters is stable but it is easily changed due to anthropogenic influences. PCA analysis showed that the parameters of the water have different effects on the abundance of periphyton at each seagrass leaves. Periphyton on Thalassia hemprichii was influenced by TSS, while Cymodocea rotundatta was influenced by phosphate, nitrate, temperature, DO, and TSS.
Hubungan Kepadatan Bulu Babi (Echinoidea) dan Tutupan Terumbu Karang pada Kawasan Intertidal Pantai Sanur
Authors: Sari Tiara Permata , As-syakur Abd. Rahman , Suteja Yulianto , Wiyanto Dwi Budi
Published: April 2018

Marine intertidal region is an area that is affected by the mainland. One of the ecosystems found in the intertidal area is the coral reef ecosystem. Urchin is one that lives on these ecosystems. Sanur Beach area has coral reefs and the intertidal zone is quite extensive. The many activities and cruise tourism in Sanur Beach will indirectly affect the life of coral reefs and associated animal in it in this case urchins. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship density of sea urchins and coral reefs cover percentage in the intertidal area on Sanur Beach. Research done during low tide. Coral reef data collection method and the density of sea urchins using 5x5m quadratic transects were analyzed using Pear Person bivariate correlations. Urchin densities ranging between 0-2.04 ind/m2. The percentage cover coral reefs ranged from 0.1- 17.9%. High and low density of sea urchins and the percentage of coral reefs affected allegedly incompatibility place their lives and because of pressure from community activities in Sanur. The density of sea urchins and the percentage of coral cover has a significant relationship with a strong degree of correlation is 0.79. Positive direction on that relationship means that the higher percentage of coral reefs, the higher density of sea urchins. This assume in which they live almost the same that is in need of a hard substrate and urchins use of coral reefs as a shelter.
Analisis Hubungan Kondisi Perairan dengan Terumbu Karang di Desa Pemuteran Buleleng Bali
Authors: Alif Sabil Al , Karang I Wayan Gede Astawa , Suteja Yulianto
Published: April 2018

Coral reefs in the village of Pemuteran used for tourism activities. In the process of growth, the coral reef is strongly influenced by the water conditions both physical and chemical factors. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the water based physical and chemical factors, determine the percentage of coral cover, determine the relationship and influence the quality of the waters with coral reefs. Research carried out at Pemuteran Village in Mey 2016. The method used is linear transects and transect quadrant, principal component analysis to determine the effect of water quality parameters and relationships with coral reef. The results of the characteristics of the waters on physical factors, namely temperature 30 – 31°C, depth 4– 75 m, brightness 13 m, turbidity 1,2 –5,4 NTU, current velocity 0,1 – 0,4 m/s, and the substrate of sand. Based on chemical factors, namely salinity 31,25 – 31,55 ‰, pH 6,9–7,5, DO 5,5 – 6,4 mg/l, BOD5 0,57 – 0,76 mg/l, TSS 248–504 mg/l, nitrate 0,021 - 0,908 mg/l, and phosphate 0,065-0,95 mg/l. Coral cover percentage point 1 at 50,67%, points 2 at 65%, points 3 at 35%,points 4 at 85,33% and points 5 at 16,67%. While the point 6 - 10 there are no coral reefs. The main components of water quality that affect to the coral reef are the turbidity and substrate. The results show that the correlation of temperature and nitrate correlated very weakly. pH, DO, BOD5 and phosphate correlated enough. Salinity, current, and TSS strongly correlated. Depth, brightness, turbidity and substrate strongly correlate.
Pemantauan Kondisi Ikan Karang Menggunakan Metode Reef Check Di Perairan Selat Sempu Malang Selatan
Authors: Luthfi Oktiyas Muzaky , Alifia Riza , Putri Sherla Rizqia , Dasi Firmina Bethrix , Putra Bramastrha Artha , Permana Davitra Eka , Pebrizayanti Elda , Fikri Muhammad Zuhal , Saputro Johan , Setiawan Christopher Ari , Sibuea Krista , Razak Abdul
Published: April 2018

Reef Check is an activity to find out the condition of coral reefs and its surrounding ecosystems be then described and categorized its healthiness. The island of Java is one of the Islands in Indonesia that has lots of beaches, especially for East Java, here they have several areas that has become our research site in Sempu Strait, Sendang Biru, South Malang they are called Teluk Semut, Watu Meja, and Waru-waru. Underwater Visual Census (UVC) was used as a method for this research to identify reef fish in a transect of 100 x 5 x 5m scale in (Length, Width, and Height). Results shows several fishes was used to identify yet the family of  Chaetodontidae with mean abundance 8 in Teluk Semut 1 station, 2.25 in Teluk Semut 2 station, 12.5 in Rumah Ikan station, & 13.5 in Watu Meja station. Watu Meja and Fish Apartment station shows higher mean abundance than other station, this indicates coral reefs ecosystem in this station have a better health & condition compare to the other stations. Results for family family Haemulidae, Snapper and Grouper shows low mean abundance, that indicates overfishing on Sempu Strait, South Malang. In other cases, the purposes of Reef Check is to determine the extents of human activities and its impact against the distribution and the healthiness of coral reefs in the area. For further extent, there has been still indications toward its management system yet fisheries potential in certain areas for this research.
Pengaruh Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus sp) dan Pendapatan Keluarga Nelayan Terhadap Tingkat Pendidikan Anak Keluarga Nelayan di Desa Seraya Timur, Kecamatan Karangasem, Kabupaten Karangasem
Authors: Apriantari Ni Kadek , Dirgayusa I Gusti Ngurah Putra , As-syakur Abd. Rahman
Published: April 2018

The East Seraya village has a potential of marines and fisheries, such as pelagic fish especially mackerel tuna fish according, production of tuna fish catch of 81% with the of catches 20.278,10 ton/year. Research on the effect of catch fish and income of fisherman family on education level of children of fisherman family have been done at Seraya village. Data were collected in each group of fishermen from January to February 2017. The sample was taken using simple random method, with 89 respondents. Methods for the analysis of the effect of tuna catch and family income of fishermen on education level of children of fishermen family using multinomial logistic regression analysis with software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science. The educational level of the fishermen family has been completed at the level of fishermen children as follows; 2,2% for elementary school 14,6 % for junior high school, 33,7% for senior high school, 31,5 % for diploma, and 18,0%. Coefficient of R square determination Cox and Snell value is 0,940 which means that mackerel tuna fishing results and the fishermen incomes are simultaneous with the education level of fishermen children in the amount of 94%. Variable contribution of mackerel tuna fishing results (X1) which much affect the education level of fishermen children and the income of fishermen household (LnX2) affects the education level of fishermen children which is significant.
Variasi Musiman Hubungan Antara Parameter Oceanografi Dengan Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Tongkol Berdasarkan Data Harian Di Selat Bali
Authors: Sastra I Gusti Agung Bagus Wisesa , Karang I Wayan Gede Astawa , As-syakur Abd. Rahman , Suteja Yulianto
Published: April 2018

Mackerel fish that classified pelagic fish and an export commodity in Indonesia. Distribution of mackerel fish are foundn all Indonesian waters, one of them in the Bali Strait. Distribution of mackerel fish influenced by oceanographic condition such as sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration. SST and chlorophyll-a concentrations are environmental parameters that can provide information on fishing ground. The purpose of this research is explained the temporal fluctuation and relationship between SST and chlorophyll-a concentration with mackerel fish had been catch in Bali Strait waters during 2011-2016. Data were analyzed using simple correlation analysis with 95% confidence interval. Temporally, the highest average SST occurred during the transition season I (March-May) and the lowest in the east season (June-August). The highest average chlorophyll-a concentration occurs in the east season and the lowest in the west season (December-February). The highest catch of mackerel fish occurred during transitional season II (September-November) and lowest in west season. The association between SST and chlorophyll-a concentration on mackerel fish catch showed low correlation with significant relationship, whereas concentration between SST and chlorophyll-a concentration strong with significant correlation
Bahan Organik Total dan Kelimpahan Bakteri di Perairan Teluk Benoa, Bali
Authors: Yuspita Ni Luh Eta , Putra I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda , Suteja Yulianto
Published: April 2018

Benoa Bay is semi-enclosed waters that have various activities. The existence of these activities will contribute to organic matter in the waters so that the effect on the presence of bacteria. This study aims to determine the total concentration of total organic matter (TOM) and bacterial abundance as well as its spatial and temporal distribution, and to determine the relationship of TOM concentration to bacterial abundance in the waters of Benoa Bay. Data collection is conducted on the surface of the waters in December 2016 to February 2017 when ebb conditions at 5 Benoa Bay water stations. Measurement of organic matter using permanganate test in titimetry based on standard methods SNI 06-6989.22-2004. Measurement of bacterial abundance using Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The TOM concentrations ranged from 63.20 to 65.10 mg/l and bacterial abundances ranged from 30 to 300 CFU/ml. Spatial distribution of TOM concentration and bacterial abundance tends to be higher close to Suwung Landfills (TPA) activity, floating net cage cultivation (KJA) activity in Serangan waters, and Buaji river estuary and tend to be lower approaching Benoa harbor activity and waters further from those activities. The concentration of TOM and bacterial abundance in December 2016 to February 2017 have fluctuating values. Based on the interpretation of the correlation coefficient, the level of relationship between BOT concentration and bacterial abundance in the waters of Benoa Bay is quite strong.
Alur Perdagangan Hiu sebagai Komoditas Ikan Hias dari Provinsi Bali
Authors: Handayani Ni Made Putri , Julyantoro Pande Gde Sasmita , Negara I Ketut Wija
Published: April 2018

This study objectives were to investigate the track of shark trade from Bali Province, the exports volume of shark trade during 2015-2016, the length of sharks; species exported in the ETP category; and the effectiveness of shark trade license by BPSPL Denpasar based on EAFM analysis. This study used exploration method with questionnaires, interviews and secondary data from BPSPL Denpasar. The results showed that the track of shark trade started from when the shark is caught by the fishermen which purchased by exporter companies, then they had to get shipment recommendation letter from BPSPL Denpasar and fish health certificate from BKIPM Class I Denpasar, then sharks was brought to I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport for final check and ready to be exported to the destination country. During 2015-2016 there were 559 sharks from the species of Carcharhinus melanopterus, Triaenodon obesus, Orectolobus maculatus, Atelomycterus marmoratus, Chiloscyllium plagiosum and Halaelurus maculosus that have been exported to the 12 destination countries. The EAFM analysis of lengths indicated that the shark's size was at a very young until adult age. Meanwhile, the EAFM analysis of ETP species shows there were 4 shark types of Near Threatened, 1 type of Least Concern status and 1 type of Not Evaluated. Finally the result of EAFM analysis on the effectiveness of shark trade license by BPSPL Denpasar showed that the decision was well executed and run effectively, and so far the shark fishery management at Bali Province is applied successfully.
Sebaran dan Struktur Komunitas Moluska di Pantai Mertasari Kota Denpasar, Provinsi Bali
Authors: Sukawati Ni Komang Ayu , Restu I Wayan , Saraswati Suprabadevi Ayumayasari
Published: April 2018

The research objectives were to investigate the distribution and molluscs community structure in Mertasari beach, Denpasar-Bali. The research area was divided into 2 sites, the first site (I) has sandy substrate and second site (II) has muddy sand substrate. This research used quadrat transects systematic sampling method with 1x1 m2 quadrat. The data of the research were analyzed used Microsoft Excel. It was conducted from January to March 2017. The research result shows that the structure of molluscs in Mertasari Beach was support by 31 species richness of 25 species from gastropods and 6 species of bivalves. The density number of the molluscs was 124.5 ind/m2. The diversity index of the molluscs ranged from 2.29 to 2.58 were category as moderate diversity, the evenness index ranged 0.83 to 0.87 were category as high evenness, the dominance index ranged from 0.09-0.13 were category as low. the index number indicates that the ecological condition at Mertasari beach was in good condition so it is suitable to support the molluscs community livelihood. Which was supported by water quality value of dissolved oxygen at Mertasari beach ranged from 4-6.7 mg/l, pH waters ranged from 7.39-7.74, water temperature ranged from 25.9-29oC, water salinity ranged from 9-29 ppt. The distribution pattern of 31 species of molluscs were in groups (Id>1).
Keterkaitan Komunitas Makrozoobentos dengan Kualitas Air dan Substrat di Ekosistem Mangrove Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai Bali
Authors: Ulfa Maria , Julyantoro Pande Gde Sasmita , Sari Alfi Hermawati Waskita
Published: April 2018

Ngurah Rai forest park located in two districts of Badung and Denpasar city which is as the main centre of anthropogenic activities. There is an estuary in this area that used as run off of those activities. This area faces directly into the ocean. Wastes from anthropogenic activities indirectly affected biotic and abiotic components such as water quality, substrate, and macrozoobenthos. This research aims to discover the community of macrozoobenthos and its relation to the water quality and substrate in Ngurah Rai forest park. This research used purposive sampling metode to determine of stations. Sampling was conducted at four different stations covering macrozoobenthos samples, measuring water quality (salinity, pH, DO, temperature, turbidity) and substrate samples. A total of 19 types of macrozoobenthos was found out of 5 classes, i.e. Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, Bivalves, Gastropods, and Crustaceans. The diversity index was categorized as low to moderate. The uniformity index value of community was categorized as balanced. The dominant index on the fourth station states that the level of dominance was categorized as low. Water quality parameter measurement results were still within normal limits, but the turbidity value of the first station exceeds the normal limits due to high content of organic matter. The substrate type at first station to fourth station were sandy clay loam, sandy loam, clay loam, and sandy loam respectively. Temperature, salinity, turbidity were the parameters that greatly affected the abundance of macrozoobenthos, while substrates such as sand and clay have a major influence on the abundance of macrozoobenthos.
Perbandingan Morfometrik dan Meristik Lamun Halophila ovalis di Perairan Pulau Serangan dan Tanjung Benoa, Bali
Authors: Putri I Gusti Ayu Ricca Mahatma , Dirgayusa I Gusti Ngurah Putra , Faiqoh Elok
Published: April 2018

Halophila ovalis is a type of seagrass that has a round oval shape that can live in waters that have a muddy sand substrate. Morphometric and meristic are used to describe the waters where seagrass life seen from the morphology of leaves, rhizomes and roots. Morphometrics is a measure to determine the quantitative morphology of an organism structure and Meristik is a calculation to know the sum of a part of an organism.This research was conducted in December 2016-February 2017 with purposive sampling method at 10 observation station in Serangan Island and Tanjung Benoa. Data analyzed with descriptive analysis, Sturges criteria and Similarity Index of Morisita. Based on the results of leaf length study ranged from 9.4-51.3 mm, leaf width ranged from 6.7-19.8 mm, the number of leaf bones ranged from 10- 21 pairs, the length of the petiole ranges from 4.5 to 55.6 mm, the diameter of the petiole ranged from 0.03 - 1.4 mm, the length of rhizoma ranged from 6.2- 41.2 mm, diameter of rhizoma ranged from 0.04 -1.8 mm and root length ranged from 7.5-89 mm. By categorizing morfometrik-meristic seagrass H. ovalis, hence formed value of each research station gaze which will describe similarity between stations. In the similarity index of morisita, the research station in Serangan and Tanjung Benoa waters has similarity of morphometry - meristic very similar to 92.8% equality.
Pertumbuhan dan Struktur Umur Kerang Kepah (Meretrix meretrix) di Kampung Nipah Desa Sei Nagalawan Kecamatan Perbaungan Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai
Authors: Sakila Nafi , Ramadhani Dinda Ayu , Suryanti Ani
Published: April 2018

Sei Nipah has enormous potential for natural resources. Natural resources that serve as the main livelihood in fulfilling daily needs in Kampung Nipah is shellfish. Shellfish (M. meretrix) is one of the shells that many interested by the surrounding community. The purpose of this research is to know growth parameter and age group of shellfish (M. meretrix) in Kampung Nipah. The sampling technique was done randomly (simple random sampling). Sampling time is done at low tide. Sampling was conducted in March - May 2017. The results showed differences in the length of different shells each month. The size group of shellfish (M. meretrix) found only one size group during the three months of the study. Analysis of shellfish growth parameters based on data of long frequency distribution showed length of infiniti (L?) 33,10 mm and growth growth (K) that was 1,21 per month. Von Bertalanffy Growth Parameters Lt = 33.1 (1-e [-1.21 (t + 0.12)]) Long infiniti size is seen the growth of shellfish shells can no longer be worked Shells reach maximum length at the age of 13 months with a shell length of 33.10 mm.The youthful shells have rapid growth and as age increases, when it reaches old age the rate of growth will slow even.
Simpanan Karbon Pada Padang Lamun di Kawasan Pantai Mengiat, Nusa Dua Bali
Authors: Rahadiarta I Kadek Vidyananda S , Putra I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda , Suteja Yulianto
Published: April 2018

Human activity is the most contributor of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) to the air. The oceans have an important role in the carbon cycle, about 93% of the Earth's CO2 is stored in the oceans. Seagrass is one of sea plants that has a role as carbon sinks in ocean. Seagrass beds are able to absorb carbon by an average 0.21 tons/ha and the important species are Enhalus acoroide. The aim of this study is determine the carbon storage in seagrass at aboveground (leaf), belowground (roots and rhizomes) and carbon storage on each species of seagrass obtained at Mengiat coastal area. Determination of sampling point refer to seagrass density that used by purposive sampling. This method was assumed to represent or describe the condition of this area. This research used dry dyeing method which components sample was destruction with 500oC inside the furnace. The results showed that carbon storage of seagrass at belowground (root and rhizoma) is 25.70 gC/m2, and aboveground (leaf) is 17.18 gC/m2. Carbon storage at belowground is higher than aboveground because carbon will accumulate in the sediment. The type of seagrass that is obtained at Mengiat coastal area is Thalassodendron ciliatum, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, and Syringodium isoetifolium, the highest carbon storage are 62.46 gC/m2 is owned by Thalassodendron ciliatum, and the lowest carbon storages are 17.25 gC/m2 is owned by Syringodium isoetifolium.
Solar Cooker Glass Failure Analysis
Authors: Kolis Peter , Pinnell Margaret
Published: April 2018

The failure of a pane of glass from a solar box cooker made and used in Sabana Grande, Nicaragua, was analyzed to determine the cause of failure and to recommend possible solutions. Background research into solar box cookers, the environment in which the failure occurred, characteristics of glass and wood, methods of fractography, and glass cutting tools and methods was carried out. The type of glass used in the solar cooker was unknown, so the observable physical properties, an energy dispersive spectroscopic scan, and thermal analysis of the glass were used to identify the glass as soda-lime glass. The properties of the glass, the conditions of use, and an analysis of the fracture pattern and fracture surfaces were used to determine that the glass had been weakened by cutting processes and that the fracture occurred as a result of thermal stresses. Several recommendations were presented including altering the design of the solar cooker to provide more clearance for the glass panels, incorporating the use of improved glass cutting techniques and sanding the edges of the glass.
A Manual Well Drilling Pilot Project: Implementing the Water for All International Method
Authors: Forsyth Alison M. , Ramudu Eshwan , Hindal Helen Louise , Lazarus Dana R.
Published: April 2018

We established a manual well-drilling pilot project based on the Water for All International drilling method in a small rural community in the Dominican Republic. Water testing for determining the level of biological and chemical contaminants was used to better assess the water needs of the community.  For geophysical exploration, an experimental resistivity method and survey of existing wells provided information to better optimize the drilling location.  With this information a pilot well site was selected in Tireo Abajo, and over the course of a week a 9 meter-deep well was successfully drilled, cased, and conditioned. The partner family and as many as 40 other members of the community helped to develop and implement this method during every stage of the process. This suggests the potential for a long-term development project that could benefit their community.
Harvesting Dew with Radiation Cooled Condensers to Supplement Drinking Water Supply in Semi-arid
Authors: Sharan Girja
Published: April 2018

This paper describes the development of dew harvest systems for use in semi-arid coastal region of north-west India, chronically short of drinking water. These were developed to ameliorate drinking water problem, especially of people living near the coast where groundwater is of poor quality and surface sources scarce. Although dew is much smaller in magnitude (20-30 mm) than the rains (300 mm) it is a more reliable source. Dew occurs over a season of seven months (October to April), rain over four (June - September). Dew nights number ~ 100, rainy days 15-20. There is much greater year to year variation in rainfall than in the dew amount. A R&D program of over four years led to development of three types of systems - condenser-on-roof (CoR), condenser-on-ground (CoG) and Roof-as-Condenser (RaC). The CoR, CoGs employ condenser made of plastic film insulated on the underside. CoRs are constructed over the roof of buildings, CoGs on open ground. The RaCs use metal roof of buildings itself as condenser. The CoR and CoGs give higher output, require higher investment. The RaCs give lower output; require only a small investment in collection and storage. Examples of working installation are presented. Rain and dew seasons in the region are complementary. Although engineered specifically to harvest dew, these also harvest rain, providing varying amounts of potable water through the year. Benefits to the region, learning accrued and partnerships created in the course of work are also briefly discussed.
The Relentless Pursuit of Financial Capital for Micro-enterprises: Importance of Trust and Social Capital
Authors: Brown Adam , Garguilo Steve , Mehta Khanjan
Published: April 2018

In developing countries, prospective entrepreneurs struggle with getting access to financial capital to start small businesses. Formal lending sometimes works for solidarity groups of small business owners who approach microfinance institutions (MFIs) to access capital for expanding their businesses, but MFIs do not typically lend money to entrepreneurs interested in starting new businesses. In order to create an environment where startup business and entrepreneurship thrives, it is crucial to meet the needs of the marginalized entrepreneurs. As a response to this trend, the informal lending and credit market in rural Kenya is growing fast, but little research is available regarding the mechanics of this system. Instead of decomposing the microfinance industry into a binary relationship between MFIs and their clients, this paper views the financial capital industry as a multi-actor system (informal lenders, rotating savings and credit associations, solidarity groups, savings and credit cooperatives and microfinance institutions) and discusses how their success is mutually dependent. This paper delves further into the dynamics between these actors and the role of trust and social capital in their complex relationships. Entrepreneurs targeting developing communities need to understand these relationships and challenges to develop business strategies that make their products and services accessible through appropriate partnerships.