bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transforming Ocean Science: Fostering a Network for Cooperative Science Research on Commercial Ships (Science RoCS)
Authors: Andres Magdalena , Strom Kerry , McRaven Leah
Published: June 2021

Abstract Our goal is to transform ocean science through industry partnerships with commercial shippers, creating “integrated observing platforms” with a global reach that will revolutionize the science community's ability to characterize variability in ocean physics,
chemistry, and biology across spatial and temporal scales. For the past 100+ years, oceanographers have been able to directly access just a fraction of the global ocean. With only a few dozen research vessels worldwide versus more than 50,000 commercial vessels in operation today, and industry
eager to participate in ocean science, the environment is brimming with opportunities. We envision a future where commercial vessels are, as a matter of course, designed and built with a suite of scientific sensors to measure water properties and currents, as well as chemical and biological
parameters optimized for a vessel's trade route to address societally relevant questions, with the data disseminated broadly to all stakeholders. Targeted collaborations between science and commercial shippers have existed for decades and the foundation has been laid. Now it is time to build
on this experience by using the science community's vast network, relationships, and expertise in sensor technology and science to make data collection on commercial ships the new norm.
Technological Trends and Significance of the Essential Ocean Variables by the Indian Moored Observatories: Relevance to UN Decade of Ocean Sciences
Authors: Venkatesan Ramasamy , Muthiah Manickavasagam Arul , Vedachalam Narayanaswamy , Vengatesan Gopal , Ramesh Krishnamoorthy , Kesavakumar Balakrishnan , Thirumurugan Karuppiah
Published: June 2021

Abstract The ocean plays a key role in regulating the climate as well as supporting diverse ecosystems. Technology is the key for the sustained and precise in-situ spatio-temporal measurements of the physical, biological, biogeochemical, and near-atmospheric meteorological
parameters essential for carrying out effective assessments of the status, variability, and change in the ocean ecosystems and for creating policies at the right time. The United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 2021‐2030 provides a timeframe to build a comprehensive,
sustainable, and data-based informed decision-making global ocean observing system. This demands global-scale investigations, trans-disciplinary science, and mechanisms to integrate and distribute data that otherwise would appear to be disparate. The essential ocean variables (EOVs) conceptualized
by the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) of UNESCO's Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission guide observation of the ocean. In order to achieve the goal of UN Decade envisaged and to have an Earth System approach under the World Meteorological Organization reforms, it is imperative
to address globally and nationally relevant indicators and assessments, which require increased sharing of data and analytical methods, sustained long-term and large-scale observations, and resources dedicated to these tasks. Technology for observing the ocean is important, which is not addressed
in detail in the recent past. In this paper we provide a comprehensive overview of Sensor versus Essential Ocean Variable from our experience in sustained 25 years of moored ocean observation network and collaborating with institutions and experts in the United States and GOOS. An attempt
has been made to furnish an overview for any group or nation to start or sustain an observation network using EOVs with guiding principles of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable data that is targeted to deliver essential information needed for sustainable development and protecting
ocean health.
Timing Effect of Adenosine-Directed Immunomodulation on Mouse Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis
Authors: Ko Minhee K , Shao Hui , Kaplan Henry J , Sun Deming
Published: June 2021

Adenosine is an important regulatory molecule of the immune response. We have previously reported that treatment of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU)–prone mice with an adenosine-degrading enzyme (adenosine deaminase) prohibited EAU development by inhibiting Th17 pathogenic T cell responses. To further validate that the targeting of adenosine or adenosine receptors effectively modulates Th17 responses, we investigated the effect of adenosine receptor antagonists. In this study, we show that the A2AR antagonist SCH 58261 (SCH) effectively modulates aberrant Th17 responses in induced EAU. However, timing of the treatment is important. Whereas SCH inhibits EAU when administered during the active disease stage, it did not do so if administered during quiescent disease stages, thus implying that the existing immune status influences the therapeutic effect. Mechanistic studies showed that inhibition of γδ T cell activation is crucially involved in adenosine-based treatment. Adenosine is an important costimulator of γδ T cell activation, which is essential for promoting Th17 responses. During ongoing disease stages, adenosine synergizes with existing high levels of cytokines, leading to augmented γδ T cell activation and Th17 responses, but in quiescent disease stages, when existing cytokine levels are low, adenosine does not enhance γδ T cell activation. Our results demonstrated that blockade of the synergistic effect between adenosine and inflammatory cytokines at active disease stages can ameliorate high-degree γδ T cell activation and, thus, suppress Th17 pathogenic T cell responses.
Derived categories of singular surfaces
Authors: Karmazyn Joseph , Kuznetsov Alexander , Shinder Evgeny
Published: June 2021

We develop an approach that allows one to construct semiorthogonal decompositions of derived categories of surfaces with cyclic quotient singularities whose components are equivalent to derived categories of local finite-dimensional algebras.

We first explain how to induce a semiorthogonal decomposition of a surface

X

with rational singularities from a semiorthogonal decomposition of its resolution. In the case when

X

has cyclic quotient singularities, we introduce the condition of adherence for the components of the semiorthogonal decomposition of the resolution that allows one to identify the components of the induced decomposition of

X

with derived categories of local finite-dimensional algebras. Further, we present an obstruction in the Brauer group of

X

to the existence of such a semiorthogonal decomposition, and show that in the presence of the obstruction a suitable modification of the adherence condition gives a semiorthogonal decomposition of the twisted derived category of

X

.

We illustrate the theory by exhibiting a semiorthogonal decomposition for the untwisted or twisted derived category of any normal projective toric surface depending on whether its Weil divisor class group is torsion-free or not. For weighted projective planes we compute the generators of the components explicitly and relate our results to the results of Kawamata based on iterated extensions of reflexive sheaves of rank 1.
Stable pairs and Gopakumar–Vafa type invariants for Calabi–Yau 4-folds
Authors: Cao Yalong , Maulik Davesh , Toda Yukinobu
Published: June 2021

As an analogy to the Gopakumar–Vafa conjecture on CY 3-folds, Klemm–Pandharipande defined GV type invariants on CY 4-folds using GW theory and conjectured their integrality. In this paper, we define stable pair type invariants on CY 4-folds and use them to interpret these GV type invariants. Examples are computed for both compact and non-compact CY 4-folds to support our conjectures.
Effect of a Community-led Total Sanitation Intervention on the Incidence and Prevalence of Diarrhea in Children in Rural Ethiopia: A Cluster-randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cha Seungman , Jung Sunghoon , Bizuneh Dawit Belew , Abera Tadesse , Doh Young-Ah , Seong Jieun , Schmidt Wolf-Peter
Published: June 2021

We conducted a cluster-randomized trial in 48 rural villages of Ethiopia to assess the effect of community-led total sanitation (CLTS) on the diarrhea incidence of children. Twenty-four villages were randomly assigned to the intervention group and the other 24 were assigned to the control group. A CLTS intervention was implemented from January 2016 through January 2017. Baseline data collection was conducted during October and November 2015. At baseline, 906 children were recruited and followed-up until January 2017. These 906 children were randomly selected among all children in the 48 villages. To determine the 7-day period prevalence of diarrhea, four household-based surveys were conducted by independent data collectors at 3, 5, 9, and 10 months after the CLTS was initiated. To determine the incidence and longitudinal prevalence, the presence of daily diarrhea presence was recorded for 140 days using diary methods. The loss to follow-up rates were 95% for period prevalence and 93% for incidence and longitudinal prevalence. The incidence ratio and longitudinal prevalence ratio were 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45–0.97; P = 0.03) and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.52–0.95; P = 0.02) after adjusting for clustering and stratification. The relative risk of period prevalence was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.45–0.98; P = 0.04) at 3 months after initiation. Improved toilet coverage increased from 0.0% at baseline to 35.0% at 10 months in the intervention villages, whereas it increased from 0.7% to 2.8% in the control villages. Adherence to the intervention was comparable with that of previous studies; therefore, we suggest that the findings of this study are replicable.
Case Report: Progressive Dysphonia and Dysphagia due to Laryngeal Leishmaniasis
Authors: Renard Laura , Lemaignen Adrien , Desoubeaux Guillaume , Bakhos David
Published: June 2021

Laryngeal leishmaniasis is an unusual form of the disease. We report the case of a patient who consulted for dysphonia and dysphagia in a context of asthenia and weight loss. The patient had lesions that were suggestive of laryngeal cancer but were revealed to be leishmaniasis by histopathology examination and polymerase chain reaction. Treatment with amphotericin B and miltefosine permitted complete resolution of the lesions and no recurrence during the 18-month follow-up period.
Case Report: A Great Mimicker of Neoplasm: Pulmonary Cryptococcosis in an Immunocompetent Host After High-Altitude Descent
Authors: Johnson Keely , Dhamrah Umaima , Amin Aisha , Masci Joseph
Published: June 2021

Cryptococcus exposure in certain global regions is common and yet virulence in the immunocompetent host remains rare. Radiological findings of pulmonary cryptococcosis may include nonspecific lung nodules or masses indistinguishable from lung cancer or pulmonary tuberculosis. We present a case of an immunocompetent diabetic female who presented with progressively worsening pleuritic chest pain and cough with travel between Tibet and New York 2 months earlier. Chest imaging demonstrated a large lobulated mass, acid-fast bacillus smears were negative, and our patient underwent pulmonary biopsy, which grew rare budding yeast later confirmed by mucicarmine staining as Cryptococcus. Our patient was successfully treated with fluconazole therapy. We hypothesize that the high altitude of Tibet may allow for clinical latency followed by symptomatic reactivation on descent. A raised index of suspicion for pulmonary cryptococcosis with careful attention to travel history is expected to facilitate timely diagnosis.
Truck and Bus Coastdown Procedure
Authors:   Truck and Bus Aerodynamics and Fuel Economy Committee
Published: June 2021

This document describes a rigorous engineering test procedure that utilizes industry-accepted data collection and statistical analysis methods to determine the road load and to estimate the aerodynamic drag area of trucks and buses weighing more than 10000 pounds. The test procedure may be conducted on a test track or on a public road under controlled conditions and supported by extensive data collection and data analysis constraints. The estimated aerodynamic-drag-area result represents a single-speed and single-yaw-angle condition. Test results that do not rigorously follow the method described herein shall not be represented as an SAE J2978 result.
A Novel Blended Curriculum for Communication of Informed Consent With Surgical Interns
Authors: Anderson Tiffany N. , Kaba Aboubacar , Gros Eniola , Schmiederer Ingrid S. , Shi Robert , Aalami Lauren R. , Lin Dana T. , Lau James N.
Published: June 2021

Background

Interns often conduct procedural informed consent discussions (ICDs), identified as a core entrustable professional activity. Deficiencies in the training process for ICDs span across specialties.

Objective

We provide evidence for a curriculum and assessment designed to standardize the training process and ensure ICD competency in surgical interns.

Methods

In March 2019, PowerPoint educational materials were emailed to one academic institution's new surgical interns, who in June participated in an onsite 1-hour role-play “hot seat” group activity (GA) with an untrained simulated patient, and in October completed a single trained simulated patient (real-time raters) verification of proficiency (VOP) assessment. Curriculum evaluation was measured through intern pre-/post-confidence (5-point scale), and the VOP's Cronbach's alpha and test-retest were examined. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, paired t tests, and 2-way random effects models.

Results

Of 44 new interns, 40 (91%) participated in the remote teaching and live GA and were assessed by the VOP. Pre-/post-GA confidence increased a mean difference of 1.3 (SD = 0.63, P < .001). The VOP's Cronbach's alpha was 0.88 and test-retest was 0.84 (95% CI 0.67–0.93, P < .001), with a 95% pass rate. The 2 first-time fail students required remediation. Time commitment included 1 hour maximum for individual training and implementation and 30 minutes for assessment. The use of volunteers and donated space mitigated additional costs.

Conclusions

Remote asynchronous and group skills teaching for new general surgical interns improved their confidence in conducting procedural ICDs. A patient-simulation verification process appeared feasible with preliminary evidence of retest and internal consistency.
Assessing the Transition of Training in Health Systems Science From Undergraduate to Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Santen Sally A. , Hamstra Stanley J. , Yamazaki Kenji , Gonzalo Jed , Lomis Kim , Allen Bradley , Lawson Luan , Holmboe Eric S. , Triola Marc , George Paul , Gorman Paul N. , Skochelak Susan
Published: June 2021

Background

The American Medical Association Accelerating Change in Medical Education (AMA-ACE) consortium proposes that medical schools include a new 3-pillar model incorporating health systems science (HSS) and basic and clinical sciences. One of the goals of AMA-ACE was to support HSS curricular innovation to improve residency preparation.

Objective

This study evaluates the effectiveness of HSS curricula by using a large dataset to link medical school graduates to internship Milestones through collaboration with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME).

Methods

ACGME subcompetencies related to the schools' HSS curricula were identified for internal medicine, emergency medicine, family medicine, obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN), pediatrics, and surgery. Analysis compared Milestone ratings of ACE school graduates to non-ACE graduates at 6 and 12 months using generalized estimating equation models.

Results

At 6 months both groups demonstrated similar HSS-related levels of Milestone performance on the selected ACGME competencies. At 1 year, ACE graduates in OB/GYN scored minimally higher on 2 systems-based practice (SBP) subcompetencies compared to non-ACE school graduates: SBP01 (1.96 vs 1.82, 95% CI 0.03-0.24) and SBP02 (1.87 vs 1.79, 95% CI 0.01-0.16). In internal medicine, ACE graduates scored minimally higher on 3 HSS-related subcompetencies: SBP01 (2.19 vs 2.05, 95% CI 0.04-0.26), PBLI01 (2.13 vs 2.01; 95% CI 0.01-0.24), and PBLI04 (2.05 vs 1.93; 95% CI 0.03-0.21). For the other specialties examined, there were no significant differences between groups.

Conclusions

Graduates from schools with training in HSS had similar Milestone ratings for most subcompetencies and very small differences in Milestone ratings for only 5 subcompetencies across 6 specialties at 1 year, compared to graduates from non-ACE schools. These differences are likely not educationally meaningful.
The Covid-19 Pandemic and Religious Activities: A Case Study of Esikhaleni Settlement
Authors: Vorvornator Lawrence Korsi , Mdiniso Joyce
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 virus allegedly originated from Wuhan, China and spread globally including South Africa and forced the country into restricted lockdown. This study analyses COVID-19 and religious activities during lockdown among dwellers in the rural community of Esikhaleni in South Africa’s KwaZulu Natal province. A qualitative approach was employed including thirty participants who were selected through random sampling. Telephonic interviews were conducted with the respondents from 1st to 30th May, 2020. Durkhein’s ideas of functional religion in Sociology relating to the human race being together, sharing solace and love with the destitute were defied by COVID-19 protocols. These protocols of the state implemented social and physical distancing to be observed to curb a high infection rate (WHO, 2020). As a result social gatherings were halted, which posed severe challenges to religious bodies to meet, praise and worship as the normally do. Some religious bodies then, resorted to online approaches and used media platforms such as, Zoom, Skype, and even WhatsApp to deliver their services. Major events by some religious organisations including baptisms, crusading, evangelism, and Hajj pilgrimages by Muslim adherents were also postponed. The COVID-19 catastrophe befalling the destitute and needy in society forced religious bodies to extend their arms to those in dire need of help. Challenges during the use of online services included both leaders and congregants not having the requisite technical know-how to connect the programmes. There were also issues related to network connectivity, intermittent power interruption, and the inordinately high cost of data procurement in South Africa for especially the poor. Overall, despite COVID-19 protocols preventing social gatherings, religious bodies, developed other means to keep their spiritual tempo and ought to overcome a sense of hopelessness bestowed on congregants by the pandemic – but sadly this omitted the poor. It is recommended that, religious leaders must learn to use ICT effectively, because COVID-19 might be here for some length of time to come. Moreover, religious leaders must also strive to educate their congregants to observe COVID-19 protocols and seek to avoid a third imminent wave of the virus, instead of laying blame at the door steps of government. Religious orders need to urgently embrace technological solutions which is sadly not always possible due to limited resources. Getting the masses out of poverty through job creation would also go a long way to help when future pandemics arise, and they surely will.
Morphological features of the leaves in clematises as a reflection of their ecological peculiarities
Authors: Kovalyshyn Iryna , Pinchuk Andrii , Likhanov Artur
Published: June 2021

Quantitative morpho-anatomical features of leaves of nine Clematis taxa (C. alpina ‘Pamela Jackman’, C. macropetala ‘Maidwell Hall’, C. integrifolia ‘Aljonushka’, C. ispahanica ‘Zvezdograd’, C. fargesii ‘Paul Farges’, C. texensis ‘Princess Diana’, C. tibetana, C. viticella, and C. heracleifolia) were determined with the aim to analyze their adaptation to the environmental conditions.Among investigated clematises, there were plants with hypostomatic (C. viticella, C. fargesii ‘Paul Farges’, C. heracleifolia, C. texensis ‘Princess Diana’, C. macropetala ‘Maidwell Hall’, and C. alpina ‘Pamela Jackman’), and amphistomatic leaves (C. ispahanica ‘Zvezdograd’ and C. tibetana). In C. integrifolia ‘Aljonushka’ leaves were hypostomatic, but few solitary stomata were also present on the adaxial surface. In the leaves of investigated taxa, the palisade coefficient ranged from 27.3% (C. alpina ‘Pamela Jackman’) to 49.9% (C. tibetana). The leaves also differed significantly in size. In particular, leaves of C. integrifolia ‘Aljonushka’ were almost ten times smaller than such of C. heracleifolia.As a result of UPGMA clustering, the plants that can survive in severe windy weather in open rocky areas, Clematis tibetana and C. ispahanica ‘Zvezdograd’, were joined in a separate cluster. The second cluster combined C. alpina ‘Pamela Jackman’ and C. macropetala ‘Maidwell Hall’ – cultivars blooming in the spring, during a period of significant difference in daily temperatures. A relatively small leaf area in plants from these two clusters may indicate an adaptation by reducing the transpiration area and general windage. The third cluster united the rest of investigated taxa, mostly – the mesophytic plants with a relatively large leaf area. However, due to similar morpho-anatomical structure of the leaf, the third cluster also comprised C. integrifolia ‘Aljonushka’ with the smallest leaves.
Violencia política contra las mujeres en razón de género y feminicidio.
Authors: Gazca Herrera Luis Alejandro , Lezama Martínez Maty , Cervantes Martínez Josué
Published: June 2021

Es una realidad la existencia de actos de rezago y exclusión histórica en las  que  las mujeres han sido objeto, actos que lastiman y debilitan severamente a la democracia e impide el libre ejercicio de sus derechos. Hablar de la erradicación de la violencia política en razón de género y feminicidio, demanda y requiere del compromiso pleno de las diversas autoridades en el ámbito de sus respectivas competencias, de las y los actores políticos y, por supuesto de la sociedad misma. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar información relevante sobre la violencia política contra las mujeres y feminicidio, esto con el fin de razonar la problemática que se presenta en México, identificando una falta de cultura de respeto a los derechos políticos y electorales de las mujeres. El presente documento se desarrolló basado en una investigación de tipo descriptiva, para lo cual se realizó la revisión conceptual y literaria pertinente considerando documentos nacionales e internacionales sobre los  conceptos en cuestión. Como resultados de la investigación se encontró que, aunque se tienen avances significativos en cuanto a la tutela jurídica de los derechos políticos y electorales de las mujeres actualmente representa es una lucha inacabada.
Apuntes del feminicidio y violencia de género
Authors: Isidro Arias Sergio , Silva Hernández Francisca
Published: June 2021

Hoy día en una sociedad compleja de respeto y garantía de derechos humanos, en el tema de género se debe contemplar acciones y mecanismos estratégicos en la problemática de feminicidio, dicho delito es recurrente, pone en riesgo y en estado de vulnerabilidad a la población femenina. Este artículo describe aspectos generales del concepto, características y tipos del mismo, a partir de la doctrina y la normativa; enuncia aquellos instrumentos internacionales de los que el estado mexicano es parte y ante dicha situación se deben prever. Es un documento con enfoque cualitativo de alcance descriptivo e interpretativo.
CONTRASTE UN MODELO DE VIOLENCIA DOMÉSTICA EN LA ERA DEL COVID-19
Authors: García Lirios Cruz , Bolivar Mojica Eyder , Blaness Ugarte Adriana , Coronado Rincón Oscar , Molina González María
Published: June 2021

La relación entre la violencia en las calles, el transporte o el trabajo con respecto a la violencia doméstica es proporcional en la era Covid-19. El objetivo de este estudio fue contrastar un modelo que mide la violencia doméstica. Se realizó una investigación transversal y psicométrica con una selección de 100 profesionales y servidores sociales de una universidad del centro de México. Se encontró una estructura de ocho factores que explicaron el 73% de la varianza total explicada. Se recomienda la prueba empírica de la escala para dar validez al instrumento en otros escenarios y muestras de estudio.
Aspecto da odontologia do esporte em clubes de futebol no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Gonçalves Victor Paes Dias , Ferreira Thayane Terra , Valentim Janaína do Rosário , Santos Thomaz Barreto dos , Azevedo Marcus Menezes Alves
Published: June 2021

Atualmente, a literatura disponível sobre Odontologia do Esporte e estudos relacionados com atletas de futebol e a saúde bucal ainda são escassos, e basicamente referem-se ao uso de protetores e traumas bucais. Objetivo: Avaliar a existência de Cirurgião Dentista (CD) no departamento médico dentro dos Clubes de Futebol do Estado do Rio de Janeiro que participam do Campeonato Carioca Série A e serie B1. Método: A pesquisa foi realizada através do envio de um questionário em formato de Google Formulário pelo e-mail. Os profissionais responsáveis pelo departamento médico (DM) responderam primeiramente um questionário geral. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 31 clubes, deles apenas 8 possuíam CD, destes clubes 25% apresentaram atuação na base, 12.5% no profissional e 62,5% em ambos. Conclusões: Concluiu-se que 25,81% clubes possuíam CD no DM, com predominância maior nos clubes da série A.
La pedagogía y la didáctica universitarias: retos actuales
Authors: Cano Delgado Janneth Teresa , Llano Zhinin Gladys Verónica , Panchi Culqui Edwin Robinson , Guanoluisa Cóndor Luz Amparo
Published: June 2021

La pedagogía es una ciencia con alta influencia en el desarrollo del ser humano como sujeto social, acoplado a las condiciones históricas de cada época; dentro de lo cual la didáctica se ha enfocado a optimizar los métodos aplicados al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. En el presente trabajo se analizaron los fundamentos conceptuales, históricos y metodológicos de la pedagogía y la didáctica en el ámbito universitario y sus retos contemporáneos, para lo cual se realizó una investigación teórica. Se aplicaron los métodos histórico y sistémico, a partir del análisis y síntesis de numerosos recursos bibliográficos actuales, recopilados de importantes bases de datos, sitios web y repositorios institucionales. El análisis realizado permitió reconocer la función histórica, dialéctica e inequívoca entre pedagogía, didáctica y el contexto social, económico, político y cultural, cuya evolución o adaptación a las condiciones imperantes debe realizarse en todos los casos, respetando las relaciones entre sus componentes constitutivos: conocimiento, sujetos e instituciones.
Potenciación de la coordinación motriz en adolescentes con síndrome de Down
Authors: Bravo Panezo Katherine Karolina , Mayorga Coyago Cristian David , Chávez Cevallos Enrique
Published: June 2021

Introducción: La coordinación motriz se relaciona con la capacidad musculo-esquelética del cuerpo de sincronizarse bajo parámetros de trayectoria y movimiento. Su potenciación depende de numerosas variables, requiriendo adaptaciones en dependencia de las características del sujeto a intervenir, siendo igualmente especiales las intervenciones para sujetos con síndrome de Down. Objetivo: potenciar la coordinación motriz en adolescentes con síndrome de Down de la Fundación Virgen de la Merced. Métodos: investigación cuasiexperimental de orden correlativa, estudiando a 20 adolescentes con síndrome de Down (13-16 años). Se aplica el test de Ozeretski en dos momentos del estudio, implementando en seis meses un grupo de ejercicios para potenciar la coordinación motriz. Resultados: la coordinación estática (CE) inicial obtuvo 4 aciertos, y en el postest 16 aciertos (p=0.001), la coordinación dinámica de manos obtuvo 3 aciertos en el pretest y 13 en el postest (p=0.002), y la coordinación dinámica general obtuvo 1 acierto en el pretest y 11 en el postest (p=0.002).  Conclusiones: se evidencia una mejora significativa en la coordinación estática, la coordinación dinámica de manos y la coordinación dinámica general en los adolescentes con síndrome de Down sometido al proceso de intervención con ejercicios físicos especializados.
Afectivitatea și importanța proceselor afective asociate conflictului în adolescență
Authors: Ghiță Maria Georgeta , Perjan Carolina
Published: June 2021

„Affectivity is the phenomenon of resonance of the world in the subject and that occurs in the measure and measure of the resonant devices of the subject and is also the expressive vibration of the social subject in his world, an inner existential melody that erupts in action and reorganizes the world. only subjective experience, but also evaluative communication, is not only a subjective, vector dynamic-energetic function, but also an affective behavior"[3]. Affective states are "feelings that express the degree of concordance or inconsistency between an object or a situation and our tendencies" [1]. One of the definitions of affectivity says that it is a sum of subjective psychic feelings - emotions, moods, feelings and passions - that reflect man's relationships with the world around him and that give color, the substance of everything we think and do.
Affectivity is a basic component of the human psyche, there is practically no psychic process (memory, sensation, thought, motivation) that is not closely related to an emotional experience or vice versa. We could say that inner mental processes but also behaviors are determined by emotional feelings and / or triggeremotions, feelings, moods or passions.
Anxietatea în preadolescență: caracteristici și mecanisme explicative
Authors: Racu Iulia
Published: June 2021

Article presents the results of experimental research of anxiety at preadolescents. The research included 320 preadolescents (151 boys and 169 girls) aged between 10 and 15 years. The underlined characteristics and mechanism allows us to conceptualize in preadolescence integrally anxiety through age, gender approach, types of anxiety, factors of anxiety and personality traits of preadolescents with anxiety.
Psycholinguistic peculiarities of formation of foreign language communicative competence of students of non-linguistic specialties
Authors: Khrin Iryna
Published: June 2021

It has been found that the modern process of modernization of higher education in Ukraine and its social and economic cooperation requires attention to the foreign language training of non-philological specialists. The English language programs indicate that the main purpose of mastering a foreign language is to master the language as a means of communication - this contributes to the development of students' skills in their ability to use as a tool for communication in the dialogue of cultures.
It is argued that from the point of view of psycholinguistics for intensive learning of foreign languages, the most important are: the structure and dynamics of the deployment of speech actions; the role of the speech mechanism in mastering a foreign language; conditions for the successful launch of the speech mechanism. In the communicative competence of students of non-linguistic specialties can be distinguished linguistic, psychological and social characteristics. Linguistic characteristics include speech competence, speech activity, vocabulary, language and stylistic literacy.Psychological characteristics of communicative competence combines the assessment of external mental manifestations and personality behavior in the process of communication, the motivation to develop their individual abilities, communication and the desire for self-realization. And social characteristics appear in the form of the presence of social activity, an adequate perception of the situation of communication and social adaptation.
Within the framework of the personality-oriented approach, the object of learning a foreign language is language activity that is active, purposeful, mediated by the language system, and caused by the communication situation of the process of sending and receiving a message.The speech mechanism is a complex of speech skills that are formed during the life of a person, capable of interaction in the interests of education and understanding of speech messages, built according to the rules of a particular language. It is proved that the verbal process is provided by the mechanisms of programming speech utterances, the construction of the syntactic structure of sentences, the «voice acting» of words. A special kind of speech activity is internal speech. Internal speech is closely related to thinking, as it participates in the phases of planning and executing activities.
A POLÍTICA DE ESTABILIZAÇÃO DE PREÇOS DO BANCO CENTRAL DO BRASIL É JUSTA? Uma aplicação da teoria de John Rawls
Authors: Marques Pedro
Published: June 2021

Esse artigo busca aplicar a filosofia de John Rawls sobre um tema contemporâneo de que ele não tratou diretamente: a política de estabilização de preços. Partindo do caso brasileiro, estuda-se a aplicação de juros de curto prazo, pelo Banco Central do Brasil (BCB), como instrumento para estabilizar os preços. Argumenta-se que tal intervenção gera uma redistribuição desigual de recursos, o que motiva a julgá-la à luz de um dos critérios rawlsianos de justiça, segundo o qual, uma instituição é justa se suas desigualdades são justificáveis em virtude dos benefícios que trazem aos grupos menos favorecidos. Mediante a estimação de um modelo de vetores autorregressivos, explora-se a suposição de que tal política esteja, de fato, associada ao benefício coletivo que prevê (a saber, estabilidade de preços). Finalmente, a discussão teórica e empírica constata a pertinência da teoria de Rawls sobre esse objeto, e conclui que a política do BCB não é justa.
OS NEGROS DE PEDRA D'ÁGUA
Authors: Andrade Maristela Oliveira de
Published: June 2021

O livro realizou um percurso etnográfico em torno da construção da identidade étnica dos negros de Pedra d’Água a partir dos usos do território compondo uma tessitura complexa que envolveu as narrativas de origem. Na sua estrutura, ele foi composto em cinco capítulos densos que começa com uma explanação sobre os caminhos metodológicos da pesquisa e sobre o processo de aproximação da pesquisadora com as famílias e com os moradores escolhidos como informantes da pesquisa. A pesquisa foi definida como um estudo de caso e um estudo etnográfico consistente (GEERTZ, 1978), graças à estadia da pesquisadora na comunidade durante a pesquisa, que permitiu uma boa descrição do terreno da pesquisa e das famílias residentes, começando por reunir as narrativas orais dos mais velhos sobre a origem da comunidade que convergiam para um ancestral comum, Manuel Paulo Grande. A etnografia produzida ao longo dos capítulos revela os múltiplos aspectos da vida cotidiana de uma comunidade de agricultores e criadores de animais, começando pelas relações com o território a partir do ancestral fundador, trisavô e bisavô comum de quase todas as famílias que lá viviam. Como resultado foi desenhado um retrato tão abrangente quanto possível da vida cotidiana das famílias de Pedra d’Água, revelando a dinâmica interna das famílias, assim como as relações externas e interétnicas com as comunidades vizinhas e propriedades rurais.
O LUGAR DE FALA: apresentação do dossiê
Authors: Boaes Giovanni
Published: June 2021

O artigo apresenta os textos que compõem o dossiê temático Poéticas políticas afrodiaspóricas: abordagens interdisciplinares. Para isso, dialoga com o conceito "lugar de fala", por meio do qual se dirige a outros conceitos que compõem o repertório conceitual das "peças" do dossiê, como poéticas políticas, pensamento pós-colonial, violência epistêmica, negritude, subalternidade, entre outros.
Histopathological Analysis of Gastric Cancers in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital: A 20-Year Review
Authors: Suleiman KA , Afolayan EAO , Ibrahim OOK , Ahmed A , Abubakar-Akanbi SK
Published: June 2021

Gastric cancer is a relatively common malignancy in Nigeria. Gastric cancer varies from region, being 4th to 20th in proportion to other malignancies. The symptom and signs are often non-specific with the early stages of the disease. This may be responsible for late presentation and poor prognosis. This is a 20-year retrospective analysis of 107 histopathologically confirmed gastric cancers in the department of pathology. This study aimed to analyze the Histopathological patterns of all the gastric cancer cases diagnosed in U.I.T.H Ilorin, over a twenty-year period. Gastric cancers were classified according to WHO 2010 and Lauren classification of gastric cancers. A total of 107 cases of gastric cancers diagnosed, that met the inclusion criteria, were analyzed with male: female ratio of 1.3:1 out of which epithelial malignancy accounted for 93.5% with tubular adenocarcinoma representing the commonest epithelial subtype. Epithelial malignancy is the commonest histological type in this area. Therefore, it is recommended that patients above 40 years with dyspepsia and other alarm features should undergo routine endoscopic screening.
ON THE FUNCTIONS OF ANTONOMASIA IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Poghosyan Ofelya , Ghumashyan Varduhi
Published: June 2021

Political discourse carried out with powerful linguistic and extralinguistic means is utterly linked with the usage of antonomasia. In fact, it is the language of politicians used as a tool to manipulate the audience. Political speech is not necessarily a success because of its correctness or truth, rather it may be a matter of persuading valid arguments.

Political discourse as a teaching and persuasive, impressive and effective speech is one of the means to give solutions to the most important problems of constructing optimal speech interchange varying from political negotiations to orations and appeals (including the ones in the mass media). It is a well-known fact that the audience of politicians is very large, and their aim is to make the audience believe or agree with them, accept their viewpoints or at least share their approaches to the solutions of these or those problems. In this regard the role of proper utilization of antonomasia in political discourse becomes of utmost importance as it presupposes the realization of a particular language function in terms of the politician’s intention to send the necessary information to his audience, either readers or listeners.

In the scope of the present article we focus on the study of the functions of antonomasia in political discourse and apply the methods of observation, discourse analysis, as well as the descriptive and explanatory methods.

Hence, in political discourse stylistic devices are frequently used by politicians to carry out this or that particular purpose of utterance and in this connection the usage of antonomasia is not an exception.
Characteristics of Saliva in FK Ukrida Students After Chewing Paraffin, Xylitol and Sucrose Gum
Authors: Nazri Wan Aishah Fariha Binti Wan , Daud William , Rumiati Flora
Published: June 2021

Data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2009 shows that national sugar consumption per capita reaches 12kg / year. Snacks consumed mostly were based on sucrose sugar and it turns out that sucrose is increasing the insidens of caries because sugar-based foods and drinks cause acid-resistant bacteria to obtain a suitable environment for growth. To overcome this problem sucrose was replaced with alcohol sugar such as xylitol, especially in chewing gum. However, it is still unknown the effect of xylitol on saliva. The purpose of this study was to see whether there were differences in salivary characteristics after consuming paraffin, xylitol chewing gum and sucrose chewing gum by looking at salivary pH values, reducing sugar levels in saliva and salivary flow rates. Saliva collection is done by spitting method then the total volume is divided by the time of collection to get the flow rate of saliva. Salivary pH is measured using a pH meter while reducing sugar levels are measured using the Benedict's test. The sample for this study consisted of 50 Ukrida FK students. The results of this study indicate that the highest salivary flow rate is after chewing xylitol chewing gum. While the reducing sugar levels in saliva are only found after chewing sucrose chewing gum. For salivary pH values, after chewing sucrose chewing gum the most acidic pH was obtained when compared to after chewing paraffin and xylitol chewing gum. From the research that has been done, after consuming paraffin, xylitol chewing gum and sucrose chewing gum, the highest salivary flow rate was obtained after consuming xylitol chewing gum, while the lowest was after consuming paraffin. Meanwhile, the highest pH value of saliva was after consuming paraffin and the lowest was after consuming sucrose chewing gum. Meanwhile, reducing sugar levels in saliva was only found after consuming sucrose chewing gum and was not found after consuming paraffin and xylitol chewing gum. From this study it can be concluded that there are differences in the characteristics of saliva among FK Ukrida students after consuming paraffin, xylitol chewing gum and sucrose chewing gum.
Identification of Entomopathogenic Nematode-Associated Bacteria Originating from Mojokerto
Authors: Askitosari Theresia Desy , Pantjajani Tjandra , Nathania Stephanie , Wahyudi Amelia Fedoragnes , Sugianto Nancy Christina
Published: June 2021

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are one of the soil worms that have been widely used as a natural pest control. EPN has its pathogenic capability because of the mutualistic interactions between nematodes and symbiotic bacteria inside the digestive tract of nematodes. Symbiotic bacteria capable of producing exoenzymes that are toxic to insects. The isolation of symbiotic bacteria accomplished by infection of obtained EPN (Belik II isolate) into Tenebrio molitor larvae. Symbiotic bacteria were isolated from the hemolymph of dead larvae on NBTA media. Isolation of symbiotic bacteria was successfully obtained two morphologically distinct bacteria: B 3.1 isolate and B 4 isolate. Both bacteria were further identified using PCR analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. Based on the sequencing results, the B 3.1 isolate was in accordance with Acinetobacter pittii strain ATCC 19004, while B 4 isolate was in accordance with bacteria Enterobacter aerogenes strain KCTC 2190. The characterization of B 3.1 isolate was shown to have similarities with Acinetobacter sp., i.e.: gram-negative, non - motile, rod-shaped, and some other characteristics of biochemical tests. While the characterization of B 4 isolate was shown to have similarities with E. aerogenes i.e.: gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile, and some other characteristics of biochemical tests. These findings will be the potential to be applied as biological agents in pest control.
MENTAL HEALTH IN THE MIDST OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A PANORAMIC VIEW OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, AFFECTED PATIENTS AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: PEREIRA LAUANNA FREITAS , DE MELO ANDRESA MOTA , DE SOUZA DANIELE DA SILVA , DE LIMA DAYENE BUENO CRUVINEL , SILVA EMILY DOS SANTOS , MESQUITA, GABRIELLA FONSECA DE JESUS , TUSSOLINI GABRIELLE RODRIGUES , RODRIGUES GISELLE DE OLIVEIRA
Published: June 2021

The pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus provided a new global dynamic, reflecting on the lives of health professionals, people affected by the disease and interpersonal relationships. The main strategy adopted to curb contagion was social distance, with implications in several spheres: in family organization, in the closing of schools and public places and in work routines. This situation gave rise to feelings of helplessness, loneliness and disorders such as anxiety and depression, which directly or indirectly influence the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Health professionals are faced with a new routine, which requires countless hours of work in an exhaustive manner, concern with their patients and the unknown disease, in addition to the vulnerability of their family members. The general population is faced with difficulties in sustaining themselves, in treating chronic conditions and in the constant presence of fear and mourning. In this context, the need for investment and implementation of public policies aimed at mental health is concluded.,
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO CIRURGIÃO-DENTISTA FRENTE AOS MAUS-TRATOS INFANTIS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Silva Silnara Santos , Santos Chrystian Oliveira , Figueiredo Carla Vânia de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

A violência contra criança e adolescente é considerada um problema de saúde pública, cujas vítimas podem apresentar danos físicos, emocionais e sociais necessitando de uma importante e delicada atenção. Nesse contexto, o cirurgião-dentista é o profissional de saúde mais inclinado a identificar lesões de abuso que, na grande maioria das vezes, são localizadas nas regiões de cabeça e pescoço. Dessa forma a presente revisão de literatura tem como objetivo retratar os aspectos mais relevantes do abuso infantil e destacar a importância do cirurgião-dentista nesse contexto, pois é nítida a necessidade do envolvimento desse profissional, sendo preciso conhecimento adequado e direcionado ao tema para que haja um correto manejo da situação, o que inclui a notificação dos casos. Toda via, ainda é pobre a capacitação do cirurgião dentista em relação ao tema, evidenciando a necessidade de uma abordagem maior durante a graduação.
INFLUENCE OF ANNEALING TEMPERATURE ON THE STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF COPPER IODIDE THIN FILMS
Authors: MAJEED Zuheer. N , DAHAHER Nadia Naeema , ALWAN Ebtisam K
Published: June 2021

Copper Iodide (CuI) nanoparticles with (250 nm) thickness have been prepared at RT on glass substrate using PLD technique with focused Nd:YAG laser beam at (800 mJ) with a frequency second radiation at (1064 nm) (pulse width 9 ns) repetition frequency (6 Hz), for 500 laser pulses incident on the target surface . The films annealed to different annealing temperatures (423K )and(523K). The structural and surface morphology properties of the deposited CuI thin films were examined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Atomic force microscope (AFM). The X-ray diffraction show that structure is a cubic phase with (111) plane preferential orientation direction. AFM was used to examine and measure the morphology and average diameter for CuI thin films respectively. It is observed that the average nanoparticles size increases with increasing of annealing temperature. The optical measurements showed that CuI thin films have direct allowed energy gap transition and the energy gap (Eg) decreases from (3.2eV) to (2.8 eV) with increasing annealing temperatures from RT to (532 K) for all samples.
IMMUNOLOGICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF HYDATID CYSTS DISEASE IN ADULT PATIENTS
Authors: AL-ABODI Hiba Riyadh , AL-SHAIBANI Khaled Thamer , ALMAEAHI Asifa M.
Published: June 2021

Hydatid cysts disease is considered one of the important common diseases between humans and animals that have pathological effects with serious complications. The current study was conducted during the period from February 2020 to August to investigate hydatid worm infections and the associated environmental factors, and the current study was concerned with evaluating the number of cases of disease in hydatid cysts in general hospital of Al-Diwaniyah governorate, and identifying the organs that were targeted by the infection. The current study was also conducted to investigate the extent of the immune responses that the body develops against the hydatid cysts.40 patients (11 males and 29 females) infected with confirmed cystic echinococcosis and 10 apparently healthy as a control group, that the most affected member is (Liver), as the rate of infection (42,5), and (30%) in kidney and ( 27,5%) in spleen. IgG ELISA was performed to assess humoral immune responses. the results showed the sensitivity of the ELISA test to detect anti-hydatid antibodies was be 82.45%.