bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chuyển đổi số trong giáo dục đại học ở Việt Nam. Trường hợp giáo dục đại học cho một số chuyên ngành lĩnh vực kinh tế
Authors: Phan Thị Cúc Phan Thị Cúc , Vũ Cẩm Nhung Vũ Cẩm Nhung , Nguyễn Kim Chi Nguyễn Kim Chi
Published: June 2023

Chuyển đổi số đối với giáo dục đại học nhằm mục tiêu nâng cao hiệu quả, chất lượng đào tạo và quản trị đại học. Chuyển đổi số là một sự cải cách phù hợp với xu thế toàn cầu hiện nay nhằm chuyển đổi hoạt động đào tạo của các trường đại học thông qua công nghệ và nền tảng số nhằm tận dụng các tiện ích và cơ hội của kỷ nguyên số mang lại. Ở nước ta chuyển đổi số đã bắt đầu thực hiện từ đầu những năm bước sang thế kỷ 21 và đang được nghiên cứu triển khai mạnh mẽ trong giai đoạn 2016-2020; 2021-2025. Bài viết sử dụng dữ liệu thứ cấp từ Ngân hàng Nhà nước Việt Nam, các nghiên cứu trong và ngoài nước về hoạt động chuyển đổi số trong giáo dục đại học. Mục tiêu của bài viết này nhằm nêu lên thực trạng trong giáo dục đại học của một số chuyên ngành thuộc khối kinh tế hiện nay ở nước ta và đưa ra một số giải pháp để thúc đẩy quá trình chuyển đổi số trong giáo dục đại học được phát triển mạnh mẽ trong thời gian tới đáp ứng yêu cầu hội nhập với kỷ nguyên mới.
Integrating the Research Organization Registry (ROR)
Authors: Hartgerink Chris
Published: June 2023

We (semi)recently shipped our integration Research Organization Registry (ROR) for ResearchEquals!ROR is the ORCID for institutions, allowing researchers to easily identify themselves as being affiliated to certain organizations.With this integration, ResearchEquals joins a league of other publishers who are increasing their commitment to complete metadata. Whenever you
Bektaşi Mücahit Alayı (Mücâhidîn-i Bektâşiyye)
Authors: Özgül Vatan
Published: June 2023

Birinci Dünya Savaşı sürecinde 1915 yılı, Osmanlı açısından oldukça zorlu şartlar altında bir mücadeleyi gerektirmişti. 1915 kışı oldukça ağır geçmiş, üstelik tifüs, tifo ve dizanteri salgınından dolayı 3. Ordu oldukça güç duruma düşmüştü. Mücadeleler, Kars ve Van çevresinde yoğunlaşmış, bu sırada da Ermeni isyanları baş göstermişti. Bu olumsuz gelişmelerin devamında Ruslar, Erzurum merkezine doğru ilerleme fırsatını bulmuşlardı. Birinci Dünya Savaşı döneminde Mevlevi Mücahid Alayı gibi mücahid birlikleri oluşturularak farklı cephelerde destek sağlanıyordu. Bu minvalde Ahmed Cemaleddin Çelebi önderliğinde 1915 Nisan ayı civarı Bektaşi Mücahid Alayı oluşturulmaya başlanmış, 1915 yılı sonlarında Erzurum cephesine yönlendirilmiş, Erzurum cephesinde görev alması sağlanmıştı. Bektaşi Mücahid Alayı, 1916’nın Ocak ayı ortalarından Şubat ayı ortalarına kadar, yani yaklaşık 1 ay gibi kısa bir süre boyunca fiziksel anlamda mücadele içinde yer alır. 9. ve 11. Kolordu’nun düştüğü zor durumdan kurtarılmasında başarı sağlamışlarsa da yetersiz askeri eğitim ve yoğun çarpışmaların olduğu dönemdeki çetin kış şartlarında kısmi destek sağlayan bu alay, kısa bir süre sonra cephe gerisine kaydırılmış ve ardından lağvedilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Birinci Dünya Savaşı, Erzurum Cephesi, Bektaşi Mücahit Alayı, Mücâhidîn-i Bektâşiyye, Çelebi Cemaleddin Efendi, Sıtkı Baba, Balabanlı Gül Ağa.
Türk Kültüründe ve Alevi-Bektaşi İnancında Kapı-Eşik Kavramı
Authors: Boz Murat
Published: June 2023

Türk kültüründe mekânlara ve mekânların bazı bölümlerine zahirî ve batınî manalar verilmiştir. Alevi-Bektaşi inanç ve kültürüne baktığımızda kapı ve eşik kavramlarında bu durumla karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu makalede Türk kültürü ile Alevi-Bektaşi inancında yer alan kapı ve eşik kavramlarının anlamları, bu kavramların Türk mitolojisindeki yeri, İslam literatüründe nasıl ve ne şekilde yer aldığı, tarihî ve dinî kökenleri ile ibadetlerde uygulanış şekli üzerinde durulmuştur. Makalenin başında kapı ve eşik kavramlarının kelime ve kavram olarak ne tür manalar içerdiği hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ardından eski Türklerde “Kamlık (Şaman)” geleneğinde kapı ve eşik kavramı ele alınmıştır. Makalede Alevi-Bektaşi inanç ve kültüründeki kapı ve eşik kavramlarının İslami kökenlerine de değinilmiştir. Alevi-Bektaşi inanç ve kültüründe kapı ve eşik kavramı Hz. Peygamberin “Ben ilim şehriyim. Ali onun kapısıdır” hadisine dayanmaktadır. Alevilik-Bektaşilik inancında ibadetlerde ve uygulamalarda yer alan kapı ve eşik kavramlarının Türk mitolojisindeki olaylarda ve içeriklerde yer alış biçimleri izah edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Alevi-Bektaşi inanç ve kültüründe kapı, yolun başı ya da sonunda bulunan noktayı ve aşamalı olarak başka bir makama geçiş sürecini anlatan bir sembol olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Makalede tüm bu konular ele alındıktan sonra son kısımda Alevilik- Bektaşilikte ayin-i cemde kapı ve eşik kavramlarının ne şekilde yer aldığı yazılı kaynaklar ve sözlü gelenek çerçevesinde incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Türk Kültürü, Şamanizm, Alevilik-Bektaşilik, Kapı, Eşik.
The first Colombian records of the Antillean Nighthawk (Chordeiles gundlachii), with notes on migrant Chordeiles in South America
Authors: Stiles F. Gary , Acevedo-Charry Orlando , Cuervo Andrés M.
Published: June 2023

The Antillean Nighthawk (Chordeiles gundlachii), a species very similar to the Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor), was presumed to migrate to South America following breeding in the Caribbean region. However, no concrete evidence of its presence there existed prior to 2018, when a geolocation study revealed the migration route and wintering area in western Brazil of an individual, including its possible presence in the Venezuelan-Colombian border during its fall migration. We found two misidentified specimens of this species in series of C. minor in two Colombian ornithological collections that definitely established its presence in Colombia. We also compare the migration paths of C. gundlachii with those of a similar study of the migrations of C. minor. We highlight the scarcity of spring specimens of both species in these collections, a pattern also evident in spatiotemporal modeling based on community science data. We suggest that further examination of series of C. minor in other South American collections, including genetic analyses, wider movement tracking studies, and stable isotope analyses could clarify the nonbreeding distributions of both migratory nighthawks. In addition, Antillean Nighthawk flight calls are distinctive and a good indicator of its presence thus can help to detect it and better understand its migration routes.
AULA INVERTIDA COMO ESTRATEGIA EDUCATIVA PARA MEJORAR EL USO DE INSTRUMENTOS DE METROLOGÍA
Authors: Ortega Peralta Edgar Patricio , Sánchez Salao Verónica Lorena , Cruz Delgado Edwin Geovanni , Yungan Guaña Edgar Patricio
Published: June 2023

El aula invertida es importante porque aporta un aprendizaje fuera del aula con ayuda de recursos didácticos (videos, lecturas, herramientas web 2.0) y hace que los estudiantes participen activamente en clase. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo demostrar el nivel de eficiencia del aula invertida como estrategia educativa en el uso de los instrumentos de medición de metrología de estudiantes de segundo semestre del Instituto Superior Tecnológico “Carlos Cisneros”. La investigación es de tipo cuantitativa, con diseño cuasiexperimental y el alcance descriptivo y correlacional. El tamaño de la muestra es de 26 estudiantes divididos en dos grupos paralelo C (grupo de control) y E (grupo experimental) de la asignatura de metrología. Para las pruebas estadísticas, se considera el Pvalor (sig) de la Prueba T para muestras relacionadas de 0,000, los puntajes obtenidos en la evaluación inicial o Pre test del grupo experimental son distintos a los obtenidos en la evaluación final o Pos test del mismo grupo. Existe una diferencia de 1.85 puntos de mejora en los resultados obtenidos luego de la aplicación del Aula Invertida ya que la mayoría de estudiantes obtuvieron una nota entre 9,0 – 10,0. De este modo, se demuestra que la aplicación del aula invertida con sus diferentes contenidos, estrategias y recursos, sirve perfectamente en la comprensión de información académica, se mantiene de igual manera la motivación por el estudio.
Understanding the Challenges of Tackling Cybercrime Activities in the Era of 5G Technology
Authors:   Kampala International University, Zayyad Musa Ahmed , Lawal Amina ,   Federal College of Education
Published: June 2023

Context: Deployment of 5G wireless technology has taken place in some developed and developing countries. The technology is expected to provide faster speed, greater reliability, low latency, in addition to opening up a new sphere of possibilities such as connected vehicles and devices. However, despite the expectation of improvements promised in the 5G era when compared to previous mobile wireless technologies such as 4G and 3G, there is a growing concern within the ICT industry that there are a number of security issues, particularly cybercrime attacks that may likely become rampant due to the power of the 5G technology. ICT experts agrees that 5G technology will result in massive data transactions due to the ultra-high speed, low latency and extra capacity provided by these networks. Therefore, there is the need to ensure that data and transactions are secured in such a way that personal information is not hacked, data privacy is preserved, and systems do not crash. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the critical challenges in combating cybercrime activities in the era of 5G technology. The paper will look at the security issues in the 4G networks and then compare it with the upcoming technologies expected in the 5G era. Method: The paper uses secondary data that was obtained by reviewing relevant articles written by various scholars on the topics of 5G technology, 4G technology, cybercrime activities in the era of 4G, how cybercrime will be tackled in the era of 5G technology, as well as evolution of mobile generation technologies from 1G to 5G. Results: The study highlighted a better understanding of cyber security threats, attacks, vulnerability in the 4G technology era and suggested a number of ways to deal with them and help to implement a secure information platform in the era of the technology.
Investigating The Effect Of Salmonella Discharge From Carrier Individuals In An Epidemic Model Of Typhoid Fever
Authors:   Osun State University, Kolawole M. K. , Bashiru K. A ,   Osun State University, Ogunniran M. O ,   Osun State University, Popoola A. O. ,   Osun State University
Published: June 2023

The simulation of the bacteria discharge impact by carriers in the classes was conducted using a hybrid block method and it was discovered that the bacteria discharge rate by carrier individual and time order of the discharge rate are important factors to be considered in control and eradication of typhoid fever.
Resilience System National In The Perspective Of Utilitarianism
Authors: Ismanto Dedy , Bayu Bayu
Published: June 2023

The importance of optimal health services can be seen from the consideration and general explanation of Law No. 36 of 2009 on health, in the event of health problems, it will lead to a decrease productivity and if productivity falls, then National Development will be hampered, meaning here it can be concluded, that health must be a concern for all elements, because all elements have the same interests and goals that lead to a smooth National Development, so that welfare can be realized that can be achieved with productivity obtained by striving for health services in order to, The question that arises is whether the implementation of the National Health System as formulated in the legislation can bring as many benefits as possible people? .The principle of expediency is strongly influenced by the thought of utilitarianism, namely that the law was created to realize happiness for as many people as possible so that the benefits of the law can be felt by as many people as possible, in terms of harmonization of Law No. 36 of 2009 on health and all elements related to Law No. 36 in 2009 on health , the maximum benefit for all elements of society can be realized if social justice can be realized, thus: if the welfare gap can be reduced, then social justice can be realized; it can happen if there is maximum economic productivity, then every citizen can feel the benefits of management of production branches that are important and concern the lives of many people.
Execution Of Court Decisions Against Land Cases
Authors: Frank Simon Joe , Samosir Franky
Published: June 2023

The execution of land cases that have permanent legal force is the embodiment of the value of justice and legal certainty. All parties must actually respect and and implement both litigants and related third parties. A court decision that has been legally enforceable must still be viewed as a truth, because it must be respected and conscientiously implemented as a moral responsibility and legal responsibility. Normatively regulated on the implementation of court decisions that have permanent powers both in the environment of the General Court and the State Administrative Court. But at the level of implementation encountered obstacles barriers. The execution of the decision of the District Court on land matters with permanent strength gets obstacles from the losing side.The losing party made various attempts to thwart the execution of the court's decision with a permanent ruling,so that in its implementation it used the help of security forces. Similarly, the court on land matters by the Administrative Court is highly dependent on the goodwill of government agencies or agencies.This happens because there is no coercive institution as well as the decision of a civil case.
EXECUTION OF DEATH PENALTY IN NARCOTICS CRIME IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF NATIONAL LAW IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nasir Sitompul Muhammad , Sitompul Ariman
Published: June 2023

The abuse of illegal drugs is a threat to the sovereignty of the nation and the state of drug eradication requires the role of all parties to narrow the movement of drug dealers who are still trying to market the illicit goods in indonesia. The regulation on narcotics crime and death penalty is very important in regulating the law for the perpetrators of narcotics crime for the sake of national and state sovereignty.In Indonesia today, the imposition of criminal sanctions in the form of a death penalty by a judge for perpetrators of narcotics is one of the policies adopted in Law No. 35 of 2009 on narcotics and cannot be separated from the criminal law norms adopted by the criminal law so far, for example in Article 10 of the Criminal Code. Another thing in the other world is that there is a significant development of narcotics users by taking depenalization actions against users that aim to replace prison sanctions that are sometimes applied to other criminal sanctions such as Social Work sanctions. The research method used is juridical empirical meaning is to identify and conceptualize the law as a real and functional social institution in a patterned living system.
dialética da democracia: entre legisladores e jurisdiç˜ão constitucional
Authors: Walter Claudius Rothenburg
Published: June 2023

O controle de constitucionalidade exercido por meio da jurisdição constitucional, especialmente por tribunais constitucionais, firma-se como uma reconfiguração da separação de Poderes. Este artigo aborda a tensão entre jurisdição constitucional e Poder Legislativo, na medida em que a atividade legislativa, fundada na representação popular, pode ser impugnada. Enfatiza-se a importância da jurisdição constitucional e o eventual embate com o Poder Legislativo no contexto da democracia contemporânea. A partir de revisão da bibliografia e análise pontual de decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal, um enfoque dedutivo aponta que a jurisdição constitucional permite questionar a atividade legislativa e possibilita a instauração de um diálogo institucional construtivo.
BOLOGNA PROCESS IN KAZAKHSTAN: SPECIFICITY AND DIFFICULTIES OF IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, SHUKUSHEVA YELENA
Published: June 2023

The accession of Kazakhstan in 2010 to the membership of the Bologna Club was the most important factor contributing to the integration of the national higher education system into the European higher education area. Kazakhstan’s participation in the Bologna process is seen as a catalyst for the modernization and reform of Kazakhstan’s education, increasing its export potential. In general, interaction with European universities within the framework of a single educational space contributed to the realization of the potential of scientific and educational development of Kazakhstan. The article considers Kazakhstan’s experience in implementing the parameters of the Bologna system. In addition, the paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the degree of implementation and promotion of the reforms of the Bologna process in the Kazakh system of higher education. Attention is paid to the results and achievements of Kazakhstan in the Bologna process, a country that is the only state in Central Asia that signed the Bologna Declaration and has a national strategy for the internationalization of all universities of the republic.
THE RELEVANCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM «ASSESSMENT» IN THE MODERN ECONOMY OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, BAIKENOVA GULZHAN , DOSMAGAMBETOVA BAKHTYGUL ,   Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz
Published: June 2023

The article considers the relevance of the profession «appraiser». The necessity of qualified specialists in the field of evaluation activity is substantiated. Attention is paid to the process of training appraisers and the main objectives of the implementation of the educational program «Evaluation» at the Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz. The analysis of the sufficiency of professional appraisers at the present stage of economic development of our country is carried out.
ORGANIZATION OF A STUDENT'S OWN WORK ON A PHYSICS COURSE IN A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors:   NJSC ", NAURYZBAYEVA GULNARA ,   AUPET named Gumarbek Daukeev"
Published: June 2023

The article outlines ways to improve the organization of independent work of university students. Innovative education is the use of the latest information technologies in the entire didactic complex of information support for the subject. The innovative model of teaching physics in higher education includes methodologically structured information presented in the form of one of the types of the infosphere - a system of interrelated and interdependent textbooks and other means of educational activity (modular programs, electronic lectures, various methodological aids). In the new conditions of increasing the volume and strengthening the role of students' independent work in the educational process, students receive and master only methodological information at the appropriate level. To master the material on a regular basis, a student needs to work for months, and only a qualified teacher who knows the psychological characteristics of the learning process and owns the teaching methodology will help save the student's time by transforming the professional knowledge of teachers into educational knowledge. The paper shows the types and stages of performing classroom, extracurricular IWS in physics, as well as ways to improve the efficiency and quality of students' educational work.
PROMOTING CORRECT PRONUNCIATION THROUGH VIDEO MATERIALS AT THE UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   S. Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, MAMYRBEKOVA ASSEM
Published: June 2023

The article describes the difficulties in correct pronunciation of words and the ways of solving them. There are given many ways of solving some problems in teaching pronunciation. This article is about an importance of promoting pronunciation with the help of video materials at universities. Video materials help to improve student’s listening skills, vocabulary, spelling not only their pronunciation. The article consists of information about advantages of using video materials, techniques of developing pronunciation through video-materials.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF EXPERIMENTS IN QUANTUM PHYSICS
Authors:   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, ORMANOVA GANIYA , MUSTAFA ZHALGAS ,   Nazarbayev Intellectual School in the direction of chemistry and biology in Shymkent
Published: June 2023

This article presents the concept of using modern information technology as a simple tool for understanding quantum physics, in particular the laws of the microcosm. It was analyzed that the use of computer modeling combines all the main didactic concepts necessary for the experiment and thereby increases the effectiveness of teaching.
Los traductores ante lo sagrado en el Tardoantiguo latino occidental: algunas reflexiones
Authors: Cardigni Julieta
Published: June 2023

El objetivo del presente trabajo es reflexionar acerca de la actitud traductológica de dos autores tardoantiguos latinos, a partir de una serie de sus paratextos: Jerónimo (Ad Pammachium de optimo genere interpretandi, 57) y Calcidio (Epístola introductoria y prefacio del Commentarius in Timaeum). Dado que ambos se dedican a la traducción de textos que podemos denominar “sagrados” en la Antigüedad tardía (la Biblia, el Timeo de Platón), sus prácticas traductológicas están atravesadas principalmente por una tensión entre los polos de “tradición” e “innovación”, que pueden ser releídos desde los Estudios de Traducción a partir de las categorías de “fidelidad” y de “libertad” / “equivalencia”. En definitiva, lo que está en juego es la construcción de la autoridad discursiva y moral (auctoritas), que garantice la eficacia de su tarea, sobre textos que proyectan un carácter particular: lo sagrado.
ЕКОНОМСКИ ОПИС СРЕЗА ФОЈНИЧКОГ
Authors: ПИЈУК-ПЕЈЧИЋ АЛЕКСАНДРА
Published: June 2023

Срез Фојница је, према Уредби о подјели земље на области [Narodno jedinstvo, br. 125, od 21. juna 1922. godine], улазио у састав Сарајевске области. Овдје представљамо документ под називом Економски опис среза Фојничког из 1928. године, који је сачинио поглавар среза, а на захтјев великог жупана Сарајевске области. Документ се чува у Архиву Босне и Херцеговине у Сарајеву у оквиру фонда Велики жупан Сарајевске области (сигнатура: А БиХ, ВЖСО, кут. 42, бр. 12984/28). Писан је руком, ћириличним писмом, српским језиком екавског и ијекавског изговора, на осам листова односно 16 страница. Документ пружа мноштво података који се односе на географски поло-жај, величину и границе Среза, број катастарских општина, климатске прилике, текуће воде, врсте земљишта, жетвене приносе, вртове, воћњаке, пашњаке, шуме, сточарство, говедарство, овчарство, крмарство, перадарство, рибарство, пчеларство, ручну и спрежну снагу, саобраћајна средства, индустрију и цијене на тржишту у 1926. години. Документ објављујемо у изворном облику, без икаквих језичких интер-венција, у циљу доступности истраживачима и свим заинтересованим лицима, а првенствено онима који се баве проучавањем локалне историје.
ДИПЛОМА НИКОЛЕ КОЉЕВИЋА (1936–1997) О ДОКТОРАТУ КЊИЖЕВНИХ НАУКА 1964. ГОДИНЕ
Authors: РАИЛИЋ ОСТОЈА
Published: June 2023

У раду је приказана диплома о одбрањеној докторској дисертацији Николе Кољевића на Филолошком факултету Универзитета у Београду у децембру 1964. године. Циљ приређивања извора јесте настојање аутора да се исправе погрешно устаљене перцепције у делу јавности о тачном наслову Кољевићеве докторске тезе и називу факултета на ком је одбрањена. Аутор апострофира тачан наслов докторске дисертације и назив факултета на ком је одбрањена.
ПЕРЦЕПЦИЈА СРЕДЊОВЈЕКОВНЕ ИСТОРИЈЕ У РАДОВИМА ВЛАДИМИРА ЋОРОВИЋА ОД 1921. ДО 1923. ГОДИНЕ – ОДАБРАНИ РАДОВИ*
Authors: КОСТАДИНОВИЋ-РАЧИЋ АЛЕКСАНДРА
Published: June 2023

У горенаведеном раду биће ријечи о одабраним темама из средњовјековне историје које су биле предмет проучавања Владимира Ћоровића почетком двадесетих година XX вијека. Тих година, али и касније, Ћоровић је све више своја истраживања усмјеравао ка пољу историјске науке, расправљајући, готово, о свим временским периодима, почев од раног средњег вијека па до догађаја из савремене историје, којима је и сам свједочио. Када је ријеч о средњовјековној историји, Ћоровићева пажња, између осталог, била је усмјерена на проучава-ње историјских личности попут босанског бана Кулина, затим на правилније читање и издава-ње бројних записа и натписа, а нису му биле стране ни теме везане за историју Дубровачке републике, односно за њену сарадњу са појединим босанским обласним господарима, настоје-ћи да на основу расположивих, али, прије свега, релевантних извора и литературе прикаже одређене догађаје. Иако данашња историографија, с једне стране, подржава научне резултате до којих је дошао Владимир Ћоровић, с друге стране историчари му и оспоравају одређене тврдње, сматрајући да су, у много чему, превазиђене и неприхватљиве. Руководећи се напријед реченим, у раду који је пред нама, настојаћемо да укажемо у чему је то Ћоровић гријешио у својим расправама, чланцима и приказима, у којима је обрађивао средњовјековне теме, у горепоменутом временском периоду, али и да истакнемо све оне његове научне резултате који су и дан-данас прихваћени у историјској науци.
Once Again on Aristotle and the Identity of the Athenian Nomothetai. A Response to Gertrud Dietze-Mager
Authors: Canevaro Mirko , Esu Alberto
Published: June 2023

This article is a short response to a recent contribution by Dietze-Mager in Erga-Logoi 10.2. There, within a larger discussion of the reliability of the Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia as a historical source, Dietze-Mager argues against our proposed identification of the Athenian nomothetai with a special session of the Assembly. In response, we start with a concise summary of our interpretation of the constitutional stages in the Athenaion Politeia in light of the socio-economic methodology of Politics IV, and clarify the role of Aristotle’s political theory in our reconstruction. We then provide a close reading of some key evidence about the identity of the Athenian nomothetai (particularly Aeschin. III 38-40). We demonstrate that Dietze-Mager’s proposed reading of the relevant passage is linguistically and syntactically problematic, arguing that the only possible interpretation of the relevant procedure as described at Aeschin. III 38-40 involves identifying the nomothetai with a special lawmaking session of the Assembly.
Curative transvenous embolization for congenital multi-hole pial arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Fry Lane , Brake Aaron , Lei Catherine , Stefano Frank A. De , Bhargav Adip G. , Peterson Jeremy , Ebersole Koji
Published: June 2023

Objective: Congenital intracranial pial arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare cerebral vascular pathology characterized by a direct shunt between one or more pial feeding arteries and a cortical draining vein. Transarterial endovascular embolization (TAE) is widely considered first line therapy. Curative TAE may not be achievable in the multihole variant due to the potential to harbor innumerable small feeding arteries. Transvenous embolization (TVE) may be considered to target the final common outlet of the lesion. Here, we present a series of four patients with complex multi-hole congenital PAVF treated with staged TAE followed by TVE.Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients who underwent treatment for congenital, multi-hole PAVFs treated by a combined TAE/TVE approach at our institution since 2013.Results: We identified four patients with multi-hole PAVF treated by a combined TAE/TVE. Median age was 5.2 (0-14.7) years. Median follow-up of 8 (1-15) months by catheter angiography and 38 (23-53) months by MRI/MRA was obtained. TVE achieved complete occlusion in three patients that proved durable on radiographic follow-up and demonstrated excellent clinical outcomes with a modified Rankin Score (mRS) of 0 or 1. Complete occlusion of the draining vein was not achieved by TVE in one case. This patient is graded as pediatric mRS=5 three years post-procedure.Conclusions: With thorough technical considerations, our series indicates that TVE of multi-hole PAVF that are refractory to TAE is feasible and effective in arresting the consequences of chronic, high-flow AV shunting produced by this pathology.
Non-radiative charge transfer process of proton impcating B atom
Authors: Zhu Yu-Hao , Yuan Xiang , Wu Yong , Wang Jian-Guo ,   School of Science, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China,   Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100084, China
Published: June 2023

Electron transfer in heavy particle collisions, involving complicated electron correlation mechanisms, greatly affects the charge state balance in plasma, and is also one of important sources for X-ray radiation. Electron transfer cross section and rate coefficient are important atomic parameters required for the development of nuclear fusion plasma in the national defense industry. We systematically investigate the electron transfer process of proton impacting boron atom in an energy range of \begin{document}${10}^{-3}-{10}^{3}\;{\rm{e}}{\rm{V}}/{\rm{u}}$\end{document} based on a fully quantum non-radiative molecular orbital close-coupling method. A total of 15 channels of electron transfer, excitation, and elastic scattering are obtained by using the multi-reference configuration interaction method, and the corresponding molecular energy of each channel is in good agreement with the experimental results. The phenomenon of avoiding crossing between the adiabatic potential energy curves of molecular states is obvious, which constituents the main pathway of electron transfer. The calculation shows that the electron transfer of the 2s orbital is dominated in the process of proton impacting boron atom, while the electron transfer of the 2p orbital contributes a little. In the low energy region, there are obvious quantum resonances in the electron transfer cross section, which originate from the coupling between high energy channel and low energy channel. In addition, we calculate the electron transfer rates of proton-impact boron atom at different temperatures, which can provide important atomic parameter which support for simulating and diagnosing complex plasma environments.
A new look at the architecture and dynamics of the Hydra nerve net
Authors: Keramidioti Athina , Schneid Sandra , Busse Christina , von Laue Christoph Cramer , Bertulat Bianca , Salvenmoser Willi , Heß Martin , Alexandrova Olga , Glauber Kristine M. , Steele Robert E. , Hobmayer Bert , Holstein Thomas , David Charles N.
Published: June 2023

The
Hydra
nervous system is the paradigm of a “simple nerve net”. Nerve cells in
Hydra
, as in many cnidarian polyps, are organized in a nerve net extending throughout the body column. This nerve net is required for control of spontaneous behavior: elimination of nerve cells leads to polyps that do not move and are incapable of capturing and ingesting prey (Campbell, 1976). We have re-examined the structure of the
Hydra
nerve net by immunostaining fixed polyps with a novel pan-neuronal antibody that stains all nerve cells. Confocal imaging shows that there are two distinct nerve nets, one in the ectoderm and one in the endoderm, with the unexpected absence of nerve cells in the endoderm of the tentacles. The nerve nets in the ectoderm and endoderm do not contact each other. High-resolution images show that the nerve nets consist of bundles of parallel overlapping neurites. Transmission and serial block face scanning electron microscopy show that nerve bundles in the ectoderm are closely associated with ectodermal muscle processes. Nerve bundles in the endoderm are separate from muscle processes. The occurrence of bundles of neurites supports a model for continuous growth and differentiation of the nerve net by lateral addition of new nerve cells to the existing net. This model was confirmed by tracking newly differentiated nerve cells.
Is tumor mutational burden predictive of response to immunotherapy?
Authors: Gurjao Carino , Tsukrov Dina , Imakaev Maxim , Luquette Lovelace J. , Mirny Leonid A.
Published: June 2023

Cancer immunotherapy by checkpoint blockade (ICB) is effective for various cancer types, yet its clinical use is encumbered by a high variability of patient response. Several studies have reported that the number of non-synonymous mutations (Tumor Mutational Burden, TMB), can predict patient response to ICB. This belief has become widespread and led to the FDA approval of immunotherapy patient prioritization based on TMB levels. The notion that TMB is predictive of response to immunotherapy is rooted in the neoantigen theory which stipulates that cancer-specific mutations can form neoantigens, which can be recognized by the immune system. Hence, the more mutations a tumor has, the more likely the immune response can be triggered. Here we revisit the data underlying the reported TMB/ICB response association and the neoantigen theory. First we assembled the largest pan-cancer dataset of immunotherapy patients with sequencing and clinical data. Surprisingly, we find little evidence that TMB is predictive of response to ICB. We demonstrate that associations similar to the ones reported previously can be observed in shuffled data, suggesting that previous studies suffered from the lack of correction for multiple hypotheses testing and confounding disease subtypes. Second, we revisit the neoantigen theory and demonstrate that a simple mathematical model can be consistent with both immunogenicity of neoantigens and the lack of association between TMB and response. Our analysis shows that the use of TMB in clinical practice is not supported by available data and can deprive patients of treatment to which they are likely to respond.
Sibling Similarity Can Reveal Key Insights Into Genetic Architecture
Authors: Souaiaia Tade , Wu Hei Man , Hoggart Clive , O’Reilly Paul
Published: June 2023

The use of siblings to infer the factors influencing complex traits has been a cornerstone of quantitative genetics. Here we utilise siblings for a novel application: the identification of genetic architecture, specifically that in individuals with extreme trait values (e.g. in the top 1%). Establishing genetic architecture in these individuals is important because they are at greatest risk of disease and are most likely to harbour rare variants of large effect due to natural selection. We develop a theoretical framework that derives expected trait distributions of siblings based on an index sibling’s trait value and trait heritability. This framework is used to develop statistical tests that can infer complex genetic architecture in trait tails, distinguishing between polygenic,
de novo
and Mendelian tail architecture. We apply our tests to UK Biobank data here, while they can be used to infer genetic architecture in any cohort or health registry that includes siblings, without requiring genetic data. We describe how our approach has the potential to help disentangle the genetic and environmental causes of extreme trait values, to identify individuals likely to carry pathogenic variants for follow-up clinical genetic testing, and to improve the design and power of future sequencing studies to detect rare variants.
The origin of T-tubules
Authors: Quinn Callum J , Dibb Katharine M
Published: June 2023

Ring-like structures made up of caveolae appear to drive the development of membrane invaginations called T-tubules which are important for muscle contraction.
Principais ingredientes ativos dos agroquímicos: comercialização e uso no Brasil
Authors: De Souza José Lucas , Dos Santos Jeronimo Alves , Marjotta-Maistro Marta Cristina , Montebello Adriana Estela Sanjuan
Published: June 2023

Esta pesquisa identificou os principais ingredientes ativos (IA) usados na formulação dos pesticidas, além do seu emprego na agronomia e possíveis impactos socioambientais inerentes a uma má utilização. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática como estratégia de pesquisa, mapeando estudos e reunindo dados em repositórios de universidades, livros e sites de órgãos envolvidos no tema, como IBGE, MAPA, IBAMA, OMS. A partir disso, constatou-se que os (IA) mais comercializados em 2022 foram: Glifosato, 2,4-D, Mancozeb, Clorotalonil, Atrazina, Acefato, Malationa, Cletodim, Enxofre agrícola e S- metolacloro. As regiões brasileiras que mais utilizaram esses agroquímicos em 2020 foram: o Centro-Oeste (34,57%), Sul (22,52%), Sudeste (20,96%), Nordeste (9,34%) e Norte (5,03%). Esses princípios ativos são importantes para a agricultura brasileira e apresentam diferentes utilidades na agronomia, porém todos os produtos formulados a base desses ativos apresentam riscos à saúde humana e ambiental. Dos três (IA) mais utilizados, o 2,4-D e o Mancozeb são classificados como extremamente tóxico a saúde humana, enquanto os outros ativos se enquadram na classe de medianamente tóxico (Clorotalonil, Atrazina, Acefato e S-metolacloro) e produtos pouco tóxicos (Glifosato e Malationa) ou improváveis de causar dano agudo (Cletodim e Enxofre). Os danos ao meio ambiente variam para cada (IA), de acordo seu comportamento no solo, nos fluxos água, no ar e em animais, contudo todos os agroquímicos possuem o potencial de agredir o ambiente. Em vista disso, ficou evidente que as regiões com as maiores monoculturas são as maiores consumidoras e existe a necessidade de encontrar um equilíbrio entre o emprego desses produtos e a minimização de seus impactos, haja vista a importância destes para produção de alimentos e as consequências do seu uso inadequado.
Assessment of Breast Cancer Awareness Campaigns on the Practice of Breast Self-examination: A Survey of Imo State University Undergraduates
Authors: Cajetan Iheanacho O. , Fatima Emetumah I. , Onyekachi Christian, Emmanuel , W. Etumnu, Emeka
Published: June 2023

Breast cancer has long been thought to be a concern in developed nations, but investigations have revealed that this is no longer the case, with breast cancer now affecting both developed and developing nations. Early identification and treatment among students may be challenging to attain in cases where there is a low degree of breast cancer awareness among students through the practise of breast self-examination (BSE). The goal of this study was to determine how awareness and knowledge of Imo State University undergraduates have influenced the practise of breast self-examination. The theoretical underpinning of this investigation was the health belief model. The methodology adopted for this study was a survey research design. From a population of 20,000 students, the Wimmer and Dominick online sample size calculator was used to determine a sample size of 377. The findings indicated that IMSU students are very aware of breast cancer campaigns. Further findings indicated that undergraduate students have a high level of awareness of breast self-examination. We draw the conclusion that respondents have a very high level of awareness about breast cancer campaigns. Because respondents had a high degree of knowledge about breast self-examination due to their high level of awareness, this has had a favourable impact on their attitudes towards it. It was recommended that encouraging breast self-examination will improve early identification of breast cancer and lower the death rate to the absolute minimum. The government and health organisations are advised to launch more effective programmes on how to prevent BSE in public spaces like schools.
Voltage Quality Analysis on Power Transmission Networks: A Case Study of 330kV Power Transmission Networks in Nigeria
Authors: Olabisi Patrick O. , Ayeni Gbenga
Published: June 2023

The 330kV power transmission system in Nigeria is associated with numerous problems ranging from voltage instability, ageing network, long and weak transmission lines and insulators, absence of protection schemes on the distribution network, lack of spinning reserve to compensate for power shortages, obsolete substation equipment, and higher power losses which substantially affect the reliability of power supply in Nigeria. This study aimed at analysing this scenario and to propose stability improvement measures in the power Network. Voltage instability is a major factor responsible for several system collapse and blackout experienced in the country. This work used necessary data obtained from the National Control Centre (NCC) of Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) for load flow simulation with the help of MATLAB R2021a software. Newton-Raphson iterative technique was used to carry out the load flow analysis due to its ability to converge      faster with less iteration than Gauss-seidel and fast decoupled iterative techniques. The simulation results revealed that buses 4 (Akangba), 5 (Jos), 7 (Ikeja-west), 10 (Alagbon), 19 (Damaturu), 23 (Sakette), 28 (Ajah), 33 (Oke-Aro), 34 (Ayede) and 42 (Lekki) violate the acceptable limits as its voltage magnitude falls below the standard limit of 0.95-1.05pu. It was also observed that buses 6 (Kaduna), 13 (Yola), 16 (Gombe), 22 (Kano) and 34 (Ayede) are close to the point of instability as their voltage magnitudes are between 0.95 and 0.96 pu. These buses need urgent compensation if stability improvement in the entire Nigerian transmission system is to be achieved.
Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults
Authors:   US Preventive Services Task Force, Barry Michael J. , Nicholson Wanda K. , Silverstein Michael , Coker Tumaini Rucker , Davidson Karina W. , Davis Esa M. , Donahue Katrina E. , Jaén Carlos Roberto , Li Li , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Pbert Lori , Rao Goutham , Ruiz John M. , Stevermer James , Tsevat Joel , Underwood Sandra Millon , Wong John B.
Published: June 2023

Importance

Anxiety disorders are commonly occurring mental health conditions. They are often unrecognized in primary care settings and substantial delays in treatment initiation occur.

Objective

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for anxiety disorders in asymptomatic adults.

Population

Asymptomatic adults 19 years or older, including pregnant and postpartum persons. Older adults are defined as those 65 years or older.

Evidence Assessment

The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for anxiety disorders in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons, has a moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient on screening for anxiety disorders in older adults.

Recommendation

The USPSTF recommends screening for anxiety disorders in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for anxiety disorders in older adults. (I statement)
A Moral Imperative to Advance Brain-Computer Interfaces for Children With Neurological Disability
Authors: Kirton Adam
Published: June 2023

This Viewpoint describes the need to expand use of brain-computer interface systems to children with neurological disabilities.
Copper Plating on SiCp by Cooling Crystallization and Its Effects on the Spreading and Infiltration of AlSi12 Alloy Melt
Authors: Xia Qianfu , Shi Jinhong , Zuo Xiaoqing , Yi Jianhong , Zhou Yun , Yang Bin
Published: June 2023

A new cooling crystallization method is applied to plate copper on SiCp. Cu(NO3)2·3H2O is crystallized on SiCp by decreasing the solution temperature, and is heat‐treated to obtain CuO coating which is finally reduced to copper coating. Based on the optimizing of SiCp content and CuO reduction temperature, the effects of copper plating on SiCp on the spreading and infiltration of AlSi12 alloy melt are studied. The results show that the optimum coating effect is achieved when the SiCp content is 11.63% and the reduction temperature of CuO is 475 °C. The spreading area of AlSi12 alloy melt on the 15 μm copper‐coated SiCp increases by 53.27% compared to the uncoated SiCp when holds at 950 °C for 20 min, indicating that copper plating has a significant improvement on the wettability of AlSi12 melt and SiCp. Additionally, infiltration preparation of copper‐plated SiCp/Al alloy composites is achieved at a pressure of 0.3 MPa, but not under pressureless conditions. The main reason for this is the granular Cu on SiCp cannot form a complete Cu film. Therefore, the formation of complete Cu films on SiCp is presumed to be an important development direction for solving the problem of infiltration preparing ultrathick SiCp/Al composites.
Development of a Heterogeneous Lamellar Structure Based on Layer Instabilities during Accumulative Roll Bonding
Authors: Zeng Luming , Zeng Longfei , Li Weirong , Liang Tongxiang
Published: June 2023

The strategy of designing heterogeneous structures has emerged as a new tool in avoiding the prominent strength–ductility trade‐off dilemma in metallic materials. However, methods to reproducibly synthesize heterostructured materials with effective microstructural control are still elusive. Herein, a highly reproducible method based on conventional accumulative roll bonding (ARB) and postannealing is proposed for designing heterostructured Cu samples with precisely defined heterogeneous lamellar structure (HLS) wherein the size, volume fraction, and spatial distribution of coarse and fine grains can be accurately controlled. An optimal heterogeneous lamellar microstructure is found which gives rise to a roughly 3 times higher yield strength than that of coarse‐grained Cu and a good tensile ductility of ≈34.7% total elongation. Experimental observations reveal that the unique HLS induces strong heterodeformation‐induced hardening and promotes dislocation accumulation, leading to the observed exceptional strength–ductility synergy. This novel fabrication method is applicable to a considerably larger number of metal systems and can be utilized to further tailor HLS to optimize the mechanical properties of metals.
Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS‐CoV‑2 by Flexible Metal Oxide Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Hou Sihui , Wu Mengge , Li Hu , Gong Hua‐Rui , Gao Zhan , Shi Rui , Huang Xingcan , Li Dengfeng , Huang Jian‐Dong , Yu Junsheng , Yu Xinge
Published: June 2023

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) reflects the great significance of rapid and accurate detection of pathogens by new sensing technologies. Antibody based biosensors with high sensitivity comparable to golden standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and miniaturized device features allow the detection of pathogens in portable and flexible formats. Herein, flexible metal oxide electrolyte‐gated field‐effect transistors (EGFETs) are reported to serve as the biosensors for rapid and ultrasensitive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) detection. The semiconducting layer of the EGFETs associates with hybrid material of PEI doped metal oxides that not only improves the transistor performance, but also regulates microstructure forming higher surface‐to‐volume ratio, which brings more antibodies immobilization, resulting in higher sensitive, and faster response for detecting SARS‐CoV‐2. Comprehensive studies of materials and interfacing engineering of the EGFETs not only build the strong foundation for the EGFET sensors to show excellent sensitivity with a limit of detection from 0.14 fg ml−1 for SARS‐CoV‐2 S1 proteins, and 0.09 copies µl−1 for SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses, but also offer good mechanical properties to enable thin, soft flexible sensing platforms. This work provides a new strategy from materials to devices as innovative schemes for virus/pathogens detection.