bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental status as an indicator of the intensity of exposure to chemical pollution of the air in the working area
Authors: Zaydullin Iskander I. , Karimova Lilia K. , Kaptsov Valery A. , Karimov Denis O. , Muldasheva Nadezhda A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Lack of knowledge of the oral status in chemical production workers determines the relevance of this study. In most studies, we did not find sufficiently comprehensive information about working conditions.
Aims. To assess the risks of developing somatic and dental pathologies among chemical production operators depending on the intensity and duration of exposure to chemical factors in order to reduce the occupational cause of health deterioration.
Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical and hygienic examination was conducted in eight hundred seventy eight isoprene, divinyl, styrene, ethylene oxide production apparatchiks who were exposed to harmful substances. The working conditions are analyzed according to the production control data. The analysis of the microbial profile in periodontal pockets in 128 workers by polymerase chain reaction was performed.
Results. In the studied industries, differences were noted in the levels of exposure of the chemical factor to the body: in the production of divinyl and isoprene, working conditions corresponded to hazard class 3.1, styrene to class 3.2, ethylene oxide to class 3.3. Styrene production workers had a high degree of industrial conditionality of chronic cholecystitis (RR=2.16; EF=53.6%), biliary dyskinesia paths (RR=2.53; EF=60.5%). Ethylene oxide production apparatchiks showed a high degree of industrial conditionality of subatrophic nasopharyngitis (RR=2.60; EF=61.6%), chronic catarrhal laryngitis (RR=2.83; EE=64.7%), and severe chronic periodontitis (RR=2.36; EF=57.7%). The high prevalence of periodontopathogens P. Gingivalis and A. Actinomycetemcomitans has been shown.
Limitation. The lack of immunological and cytogenetic analysis data necessary for preclinical diagnosis of pathological changes in the oral cavity.
Conclusion. Significant differences in the level of exposure of the chemical factor to the health in workers have been revealed. A high degree of industrial conditionality of a number of somatic diseases in workers of styrene and ethylene oxide industries has been determined. The greatest deviations in the state of oral health were observed in ethylene oxide production workers with more than 20 years of work experience. Differences in the species composition of the microbiome of periodontal pockets in ethylene oxide apparatchiks, depending on work experience, were detected.
The combined effect of behavioural and occupational risk factors on the formation of bronchopulmonary pathology in agricultural workers (literature review)
Authors: Raikova Svetlana V. , Mazilov Svyatoslav I. , Komleva Nataliia E. , Zaikina Inna V.
Published: December 2024

Occupational activities in agricultural workers involve exposure to several harmful environmental and occupational factors potent of affecting workers’ health. In addition to that, low adherence to healthy lifestyles was revealed among agricultural workers. Combined effects produced by behavioural and occupational risk factors can induce pathogenetic mechanisms of occupational, work-related and general somatic diseases, included bronchopulmonary pathology.
To obtain necessary information, a search was performed for relevant studies published in the abstract databases Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, RSCI for the period of 2000–2024 by keywords. The review includes data from sixty five full-text sources.
Anti-inflammatory effects of alcohol on dust inhalation did not lead to a decrease in adverse impact of the dust factor but instead was accompanied by an increased risk of inflammatory processes in the respiratory organs. The combined contribution made by the dust factor and smoking to development of respiratory pathology remains poorly understood. Workers are affected by a number of factors leading to abdominal obesity, which is a risk factor for the development of bronchopulmonary pathology. Chronic stress, which is typical for agricultural workers, is a risk factor potent of causing diseases of the respiratory system, both by independently triggering pathogenetic mechanisms of disease development and acting indirectly through the formation of metabolic disorders.
Conclusion. Agricultural workers are exposed to harmful occupational factors (inorganic dust, organic dust, and pesticides) as well as to relevant behavioural factors (alcohol, smoking, poor nutrition, and psychological stress), which have an adverse effect on the respiratory system. It is necessary to further study the combined influence of behavioural and occupational risk factors on the development of bronchopulmonary pathology in agricultural workers.
Peculiarities of post-vaccination immunity to infections manageable by specific prevention means in schoolchildren
Authors: Valina Svetlana L. , Ustinova Olga Yu. , Zaitseva Nina V. , Shtina Irina E. , Maklakova Olga A. , Makarova Venera G.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Stable post-vaccination immunity and prediction of vaccination immunologic effectiveness are topical issues that require profound studies with their focus on the role in their formation that belongs to exogenous factors.
The aim of this study was to establish pathogenetic peculiarities of the development of impairments of post-vaccination immunity to infections manageable by specific prevention in schoolchildren under combined exposure to chemical environmental factors as well as factors related to the educational process, lifestyle, and diet.
Materials and methods. We analyzed laboratory test results and data obtained by questioning and analyzing diet records of one hundred eighty four children vaccinated against diphtheria, whooping cough, and measles. The children attended either a secondary school with standard educational programs (Reference Group) or a secondary school with profound studies of some subjects (Observation Group). Priority risk factors and etiopathogenetic peculiarities of the development of post-vaccination immunity impairments were identified by building one-factor logistic regression models and sequential modelling.
Results. The schoolchildren from the School 2 had to study in an environment that did not conform to hygienic requirements to the management of the educational process; they did not consume biologically valuable foods in recommended quantities; their blood was contaminated with metals and aromatic hydrocarbons; they had high levels of digital activity but their physical activity was low. Given all this, intensity of their humoral post-vaccination immunity against diphtheria and whooping cough was 1.2–1.7 times lower than in the Reference Group. We identified determinants of advers effects produced on post-vaccination immunity development by the analyzed factors and determined their isolated and combined contributions to likelihood of a decline in intensity of humoral immunity to diphtheria (10–55% and 72%) and whooping cough (13–40% and 77%). We established pathogenetic peculiarities and marker laboratory indices of risk-associated impairments of post-vaccination immunity to diphtheria and whooping cough under combined exposure to the analyzed factors.
Limitations. The study results were obtained without considering types of applied vaccines.
Conclusion. The established pathogenetic aspects of risk-associated impairments of post-vaccination immunity to diphtheria and measles under combined exposure to the set of the analyzed factors are target ones for hygienic activities, prediction, and immunity correction.
Alterations in the expression of genes involved in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway upon exposure to lead oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Kikot Anna M. , Shaikhova Daria R. , Bereza Ivan A. , Minigalieva Ilzira A. , Nikogosyan Karen M. , Sutunkova Marina P.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Lead production technologies pollute the air with aerosol nanoparticles, including those of lead oxide (PbO NPs). Lead can cause oxidative stress that leads to cell death. Experimental studies of effects of PbO NPs at the gene transcription level will expand our knowledge of the mechanisms of PbO NP toxicity and improve assessment of health risks for the population exposed to them.
The purpose was to study the expression of genes involved in antioxidant protection and apoptosis following subchronic inhalation exposure of lead nanoparticles to rats.
Materials and methods. Female albino rats were exposed to PbO NPs in an inhalation chamber at a concentration of 1.55 ± 0.06 mg/m3, 4 hours a day, 5 days a week for 1 month; the control group breathed clean air in a similar chamber. After exposure cessation, RNA was isolated from fragments of the olfactory bulb, cerebellum, lung, and liver. Expression of the P53, BAX, BCL-2, GSTM1, GSTP1, and SOD2 genes was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The data was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test.
Results. In the olfactory bulb, BCL-2 gene expression was significantly lower, while that of P53 was higher in the exposed rodents compared to the controls. In the cerebellum of the exposed animals, BAX and P53 genes expression was statistically higher and lower than in the control group, respectively. BCL-2 gene expression in the liver was significantly lower in the exposed group.
Limitations. The experiment involved only female rats, so it does not take into account sex differences and considers only gene expression, neglecting
post-translational mechanisms and protein expression.
Conclusion. Inhalation exposure to PbO NPs at the concentration of 1.55 ± 0.06 mg/m3 causes changes in the expression of genes associated with mitochondrial apoptosis in the brain and liver, but not in the lungs of laboratory rats.
Man-made fine dispersed РМ10 and РМ2.5 in ambient air as a health risk factor and an object of management: domestic and international experience (analytical review)
Authors: May Irina V. , Zagorodnov Sergey Yu. , Vaisman Yakov I.
Published: December 2024

The aim was to review and analyze Russian and foreign research works, legal, regulatory and methodical documents that focus on investigating fine-dispersed particles in ambient air considering their influence on human health and external management of emissions. The materials were searched for in relevant databases including WoS, SCOPUS, eLIBRARY; we also examined legal, regulatory and methodical documents available at web-sites of the WHO, Russian authorities and relevant authorities of several foreign countries.
Multiple epidemiological and laboratory investigations confirm substantial health hazards posed by particles smaller than 10 µm (РМ10, РМ2.5). There is evidence that fine-dispersed fractions are a persistent component in emissions from industries, energy-producing facilities, and transport. The Russian methodical base for considering fine-dispersed dusts in emissions requires upgrading and improving as regards mandatory РМ10 and РМ2.5 inclusion into methods for identifying emission structures.
It is also necessary to develop and approve methods for quantification of fine-dispersed particles in industrial emissions. Access to calculation and instrumental methods for establishing РМ10 and РМ2.5 masses in emissions allows correcting inventories of emission sources and proper state regulation of emissions through establishing safety rations of sufficiency of sanitary protection zones around enterprises. It also allows creating a more qualitative system for setting emission quotas where priority chemicals are identified on the basis of assessed health risks considering substantial contributions often made to them by fine-dispersed particles.
A Critical Review on the Role of Police in Ensuring Justice Under the Criminal Justice System
Authors: Khatun Most. Sweety , Suma Sanjita Mostufa
Published: December 2024

In criminology, the role of police is crucial. Because the primary responsibility of law enforcement is to apprehend offenders and hold them until the end of the trial to deter crime, police are legally permitted to enforce public and social order through force and other forms of coercion. Since criminology and crime are fundamental subjects for law enforcement, criminology divisions for police are found in practically every nation in world. Additionally, police receive manual training in criminology. An honest, sincere, and proficient police force can indeed guarantee a social stability. This paper provides an apparent understanding of the role of the Police in ensuring the criminal justice system in Bangladesh. A literature review is included in related books, articles, journals, newspapers, etc., to gather information for this research. Based on the specific objectives, an interview process was conducted. Actually, both primary and secondary data have been collected. Primary data was collected from some police constables and officers, and secondary data was collected from books, articles, journals, and the internet. This paper attempts to conduct a historical and analytical analysis through the objectives. Finally, this study makes a statement and offers suggestions for improving police officers’ understanding of criminology and reforming Bangladesh’s police force. Police personnel can refer to this article for strategic guidance.
Buying Jewelry Online: A Study of Buyer Characteristics for Buying Behavior
Authors: Gunasekare U. L. Thamara Priyanthi , Jayawardena M.
Published: December 2024

The study investigated how buyer characteristics influence on buying jewelry online, particularly in Sri Lankan jewelry market. Given the intricate nature of online jewelry purchasing decisions, this study was vital. The objective was to understand the ways consumer characteristics shape their purchasing decisions. Qualitative research method was employed, using multiple case studies. In-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen participants using semi-structured format. Analysis used thematic analysis, incorporating both within-case and cross-case methods. Results indicate that online jewelry purchasing is multifaceted, marked by numerous uncertainties. Before purchasing, consumers meticulously examine specifics like material quality, cost, size, and design. This heightened scrutiny is largely due to the inherent value of jewelry and absence of physical inspection before buying online. As a result, brands must prioritize consumer needs and align their offerings with customer expectations. The insights are invaluable for future business owners, marketers, web creators, designers, and producers in comprehending what consumers anticipate.
 
Received: 1 July 2024 | Revised: 23 August 2024 | Accepted: 8 October 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest 
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available and we can provide on request, on a case-by-case basis.
 
Author Contribution Statement
U. L. Thamara Priyanthi Gunasekare: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. M. Jayawardena: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization.
A new generalized common fixed point theorem
Authors: Devi Manju , Chauhan Surjeet Singh
Published: December 2024

In this article, we extend a recent result of Chandra et al. [1] fortwo maps having a novel generalized contractive condition of the Suzuki typeon a complete metric space. We render an example to demonstrate that the results presented are generalizations of similar conclusions in the available literature.
THE RUSSIAN INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF BAKU’S URBAN IDENTITY
Authors: Bayrakdar Oğuz Kağan
Published: December 2024

In recent times, the identities of cities have been a topic of debate. The distinct features of the places we inhabit help define, differentiate, and shape their identities. In a globalizing world, unique traits that leave lasting impressions and contribute to collective memory play a vital role in defining cities. Elements like language, history, culture, architecture, religion, and gastronomy shape urban identity in specific proportions for each city. These characteristics also strengthen the bond between cities and their communities. Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, stands out with its unique identity. Shaped by its geographical location, natural resources, architecture, language, religion, and social structure, Baku’s identity has been passed down through generations. However, its identity has also transformed over time due to occupations and changes in administration. The most notable influence came from the Russians. In the early 19th century, the Russian Empire seized control of Baku and took swift steps to consolidate its power. Under Russian rule, Western European architectural and cultural influences appeared in the city, alongside significant social and economic changes. Baku’s transformation continued during the Soviet era. The USSR, as an ideological state, sought to create socialist spaces to unify society. During this time, Baku became a representation of socialist ideology, with its architecture, language, and culture reshaped under Soviet influence. Over successive periods, Baku’s urban identity increasingly reflected Russian influence, altering its language, architecture, religion, and culture. This study will first discuss the concepts of identity and urban identity, focusing on the dynamics shaping Baku’s character. It will then examine the Russian occupation to establish a historical framework. Lastly, it will explore the Russian influence on Baku’s urban identity, using specific examples.
Pedagogía y estudios culturales
Authors: Vassiliades Alejandro
Published: December 2024

El artículo realiza una revisión y análisis crítico de una serie de aportes que algunos movimientos conceptuales fundados en los estudios culturales han realizado al campo de la educación, centrándose en las consecuencias teóricas y metodológicas para el estudio de las regulaciones del trabajo docente. Para ello, el trabajo realiza un análisis sistemático de un conjunto de fuentes bibliográficas de referencia en el campo de los estudios culturales en educación, reconstruyendo las principales categorías teóricas que ellas despliegan. El texto se detiene en los modos en que el carácter abierto de lo hegemónico, la complejidad y heterogeneidad de los procesos ligados a la cultura, y el papel activo planteado en relación con los sujetos, suponen desestabilizaciones que interrumpieron las certezas de las perspectivas estructurales, al tiempo que abrieron interrogantes que posteriormente serían retomados por los abordajes posestructurales en el ámbito educativo. El texto también analiza una serie de contribuciones que las perspectivas enmarcadas en el campo de la historia cultural han realizado para comprender el trabajo docente como parte de las disputas en torno de los modos de conocer e interpretar los procesos de escolarización. El análisis posibilita
destacar el papel desestabilizador de los estudios culturales en relación con la construcción de abordajes pedagógicos sobre el trabajo docente, ofreciendo un panorama de los principales efectos teóricos y epistemológicos de estos movimientos.
Factores familiares y personales que generan abandono escolar en secundarias de zona metropolitana de Jalisco
Authors: Barrios Navarro Catalina del Rosario , López Soto Diana
Published: December 2024

Este artículo contiene las experiencias del proyecto de mejora de la permanencia de estudiantes de escuelas secundarias de Jalisco, México utilizando modelos de inteligencia artificial e intervención educativa. Este estudio forma parte del caso de uso: “Abandono Escolar” de la iniciativa fAIr LAC Jalisco, financiada por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, Gobierno del Estado de Jalisco y el HUB de Inteligencia Artificial del Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara. El proyecto se desarrolló en colaboración con la Comisión Estatal de la Mejora Continua de la Educación de la Secretaría de Educación de Jalisco. Con el fino de comprender la complejidad de un problema sistémico como es la permanencia y el abandono escolar a nivel de escuelas secundarias, este estudio se llevó a cabo para identificar y analizar los factores asociados al abandono escolar vinculados a aspectos familiares y personales de estudiantes en México. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo, con un enfoque complementado con instrumentos cuantitativos. Los resultados muestran demuestran la interrelación de varios los factores analizados.
competencias socioemocionales en el contexto escolar de la educación básica secundaria
Authors: Gélvez-Pabón Jazmín Andrea
Published: December 2024

La educación socioemocional se establece como uno de los principales retos de la educación actual. Desde esta perspectiva, el objetivo de este artículo es identificar las competencias socioemocionales de los estudiantes de secundaria que influyen en la convivencia escolar. Por esta razón, el presente trabajo cualitativo aborda una revisión sistemática de la literatura de los últimos 5 años, entre el 2020 y 2024, en artículos empíricos extraídos de revistas indexadas en las bases de datos ERIC, SCIELO, SCOPUS y REDALYC, según la pregunta de investigación: ¿cuáles son las competencias socioemocionales de los estudiantes de secundaria que influyen en la convivencia escolar? El análisis de los artículos revisados incluye aspectos como: la identificación de las competencias emocionales de los estudiantes de secundaria, los modelos de aprendizaje socioemocional y la importancia de los programas educativos basados en el desarrollo y el fortalecimiento de las competencias socioemocionales para la optimización del clima escolar.  Entre las principales competencias socioemocionales que influyen en la convivencia escolar se encuentran: la conciencia emocional, la conciencia social, la regulación emocional, el autocontrol, la toma de decisiones responsable y las habilidades necesarias para relacionarse asertivamente con los demás; competencias necesarias para enfrentar los desafíos de un contexto educativo y social en constante transformación, por tanto, surge la relevancia de los programas de formación en competencias socioemocionales dirigido tanto a estudiantes como a docentes.
Percepción de las clases virtuales durante el COVID-19 en el alumnado panameño con necesidades educativas especiales
Authors: Tuñón Carbo Fredy Hernán , Martínez Usarralde María Jesús
Published: December 2024

La utilización de la tecnología en los entornos educativos se incrementó en los procesos de enseñanza y de aprendizaje. Este estudio planea conocer la percepción de las clases virtuales en el alumnado especial panameño del nivel primario durante el COVID-19, para lo cual se diseñó y validó un cuestionario aplicado a un total de 38 personas que  ejercen roles de dirección en las 19 sedes del Instituto Panameño de Habilitación Especial de la República de Panamá y de liderazgo en los Comité de Padres/Madres de Familia. Los resultados ponen en evidencian que el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para el aprendizaje de la población con necesidades educativas especiales, es bien aceptado, dado que brinda la oportunidad de reducir distancias y la utilización de técnicas pedagógicas lúdicas, adaptables y flexibles.
Uso de mundos virtuales en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje en el nivel superior
Authors: Esquivel Cindy , Ávila Ángel , Espinosa Eliecer , Gálvez Darnell
Published: December 2024

Esta investigación analiza el potencial de los mundos virtuales como entornos de formación a nivel universitario. El estudio se centró en explorar la aceptación de esta herramienta inmersiva y su capacidad para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, destacando la importancia de la interacción social en dicho contexto.
Los resultados indican que los mundos virtuales pueden constituir un recurso didáctico valioso en la formación universitaria. Su aplicación tiene el potencial de fomentar el desarrollo de competencias digitales, trabajo en equipo, pensamiento crítico y resolución de problemas. Sin embargo, su éxito dependerá de una planificación cuidadosa y de la adaptación de los planes de estudio. Se recomienda la capacitación docente, el diseño de actividades pedagógicas innovadoras y la evaluación del impacto en el aprendizaje estudiantil.
Assistência de Enfermagem à crianças vítimas de violência sexual - revisão integrativa
Authors: Costa Vicente Marcelo , Roberto Carolina Torrezani , Brandão Dos Santos Rhilary , Oliveira Gomes Talita Lucas
Published: December 2024

A violência e/o abuso sexual são formas silenciosas e cruéis de violência contra crianças, grande parte desses abusos são praticados por pessoas próximas ou conhecidos da família o que torna o problema mais complexo contra a criança. Objetivo: apresentar como o enfermeiro pode identificar sinais de violência sexual e quais linhas de cuidados a serem traçadas através da leitura científica. Metodologia: revisão integrativa da literatura aplicada nas bases de dados eletrônicas Brasil e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, delimitando a busca em artigos científicos publicados no período de 2017 a 2023. Resultados: Nota-se que o enfermeiro tem um grande e importante papel no atendimento, acolhimento e identificação de crianças expostas a violência sexual, porém, existem diversas barreiras desde a chegada até identificação e assistência da vítima, sendo uma delas, a falta de capacitação da enfermagem para estes casos. Conclusão: evidencia-se, que é fundamental melhor capacitação para o profissional de enfermagem para que fique atento cerca dos dados epidemiológicos dos casos como o perfil da vítima e do agressor, além dos sinais clínicos apresentados, necessitando também de criação de protocolos para favorecer a assistência adequada a crianças vítimas de violência sexual.
Estratégia de Marketing Omnichannel - um estudo de caso Wine
Authors: da Silva Cardoso Carine , Passamani Tolentino Andriel , dos Santos Oliveira Natan
Published: December 2024

Dada a crescente importância da integração entre os canais de venda online e offline no cenário atual e considerando a notoriedade de estar onde for preciso para atender as necessidades dos clientes, entregando sempre a melhor experiência possível, o presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender como as estratégias de marketing Omnichannel são realizadas na perspectiva da experiência do cliente a partir de um estudo de caso da empresa Wine, empresa pioneira na venda de vinhos. A pesquisa utilizou uma combinação de métodos descritivos e explicativos, além disso, foi utilizado o método de cliente oculto e a pesquisa de escuta social para coletar dados sobre a percepção e comportamento dos clientes em relação às estratégias Omnichannel da Wine. A análise feita na ótica de Philip Kotler dos 5 A’s, revelou como a Wine utiliza suas estratégias Omnichannel para engajar e reter clientes, destacando-se no mercado competitivo de vinhos. Os resultados indicaram que a Wine conseguiu criar uma experiência de cliente coesa e satisfatória, integrando efetivamente seus canais online e offline. Isso contribuiu para entender as práticas de marketing Omnichannel em um contexto real de negócios, ressaltando a importância da integração de canais para a melhoria da experiência do cliente.
Justice in 21st-Century Fairy Tales and the Power of Wonder
Authors: Bacchilega Cristina , Greenhill Pauline
Published: December 2024

Exploring a range of international works such as films, streaming television series, a graphic novel, and a picture book, this open access book interrogates how, and to what extent, fairy tales are put to work for justice in the areas of environment and ecology, kinship and family, ability and disability, and sex and gender. As Bacchilega and Greenhill demonstrate, some 21st-century fairy tales channel the genre’s wonder to offer otherwise possibilities for being and acting in the world that are not confined to socially sanctioned paths. Drawing on visual and audio-visual case studies of texts such asThe Magic Fish, Julián Is A Mermaid, Pokot [Spoor], Gräns [Border], The Dragon Prince, Gatta Cenerentola [Cinderella the Cat],andSweet Tooth, they examine how the wonder and preternatural of fairy tales model a sustained desire to believe in and realize new ways of existence that have often been too easily dismissed. Guided by theories in fields including ecological, gender, disability, critical race, Indigenous, fantasy, posthuman, and adaptation studies as they intersect with folklore and fairy tale studies, this book examines how creators of wonder tales since the beginning of the new millenium have presented provocations around humans’ political and social relations with nature and culture. Analyzing justice from a variety of positions and establishing how tales of the otherwise can develop optative thinking,Justice in 21st-Century Fairy Tales and the Power of Wonderrefutes the conservative, patriarchal, and merely nostalgic Disnified narrative of the genre and insists on the power of wonder within and beyond fairy tales.The eBook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada grant 435-2019-0691 and The University of Winnipeg, Canada.
Hazırlık Sınıfı Öğrencilerinin İngilizce Mobil Öğrenme Hakkındaki Tutum ve Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: OKYAR Hatice
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma İngilizce’yi yabancı dil olarak öğrenen üniversite düzeyindeki öğrencilerin, İngilizce öğrenme sürecinde mobil araç kullanımına dair tutumlarını belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya toplamda 170 İngilizce hazırlık sınıfı öğrencisi katılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri demografik bilgi formu, yetişkin öğrencilere yönelik İngilizce mobil öğrenme tutum ölçeği, açık uçlu anket ve öğretmen-araştırmacı ve öğrenciler arasındaki resmi olmayan konuşmalardan elde edilen araştırmacı notları yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın niceliksel bulguları, öğrencilerin İngilizce mobil öğrenmeye yönelik olumlu tutumlara sahip olduğunu gösterdi. Öğrencilerin çoğu, İngilizce öğrenme amacıyla mobil cihaz kullanımın dil öğrenme süreci için yararlı ve destekleyici olduğunu belirtti. Benzer şekilde, nitel analiz sonuçları, mobil cihaz uygulamalarının İngilizce’yi yabancı dil olarak öğrenen öğrencilerin öğrenme sürecine olumlu katkısının olduğunu ortaya koydu. Ayrıca, mobil cihazların dil öğrenme sürecine olumlu katkısının olmasının yanı sıra bazı dezavantajlarının da olduğu belirlendi. Öğrenci görüşlerine dayalı olarak elde edilen bulgular ışığında, mobil cihazların dil öğrenme sürecindeki rolüne ilişkin bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Dijital Görüntü Kılavuzu Metodu nun Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Görsel Okuryazarlık Becerisine Etkisi
Authors: KARABUDAK Nuri İbrahim , GÜLMEZ Mevlüt
Published: December 2024

Çalışmanın amacı Dijital Görüntü Kılavuzu Metodu’nun Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının görsel okuryazarlık becerilerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma, 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Akdeniz Üniversitesi Türkçe Öğretmenliği bölümünde eğitim gören 70 Türkçe öğretmeni adayına uygulanmıştır. Görsel okuryazarlık becerilerinin ölçülmesi için Arslan ve Nalinci (2012) tarafından geliştirilen “Görsel Okuryazarlık Ölçeği”nden faydalanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda katılımcılara ön test ve son test yapılmıştır. Araştırmada ilk olarak, katılımcıların görsel okuryazarlık düzeylerini belirleyebilmek amacıyla görsel okuryazarlık ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılara daha sonra DIG Metodu olarak bilinen dijital görüntülerin tanımı yoluyla 9 dersten oluşan toplam 3 saatlik eğitim verilmiştir. Daha sonra, tekrar görsel okuryazarlık ölçeği (son test) uygulanarak araştırma sonlandırılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, daha derinlemesine bilgi elde edebilmek amacıyla çalışmaya katılan ve gönüllü olan 16 Türkçe öğretmeni adayına araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilmiş yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda ön test ve son test sonuçlarına göre normal dağılım gösteren alt boyutlarda bağımlı gruplar için t-testi analizi yapılmış, normal dağılım göstermeyen alt boyutlara ise Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi yapılmıştır. Toplam puan ortalamalarında anlamlı fark olduğu görülmektedir. Grubun son test puan ortalaması ön test puan ortalamasından yüksektir. DIG Metodu etkinliğine katılan Türkçe öğretmeni adayları yapılan görüşmeler genel olarak ele alındığında Türkçe öğretmeni adayları DIG Metodu’nun birçok açıdan faydalı olduğunu aktarmışlardır.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Dijital Okuryazarlık Öz-Yeterlik Düzeylerinin Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Ali Melih , YILMAZ Aysun Aynur
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırma sosyal bilgiler öğretmen (SBÖ) adaylarının dijital okuryazarlık öz-yeterlik düzeylerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Belirlenen amaca ulaşabilmek için, SBÖ adaylarının cinsiyet, yaş, sınıf düzeyi, interneti kullanma amacı, teknolojik yenilikleri takip etme ve dijital okuryazarlığa ilgi duyma değişkenleri ile dijital okuryazarlık öz-yeterlik becerileri anlamlı bir olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırma, 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılında Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 151 kadın, 53 erkek olmak üzere toplam 204 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel tarama model kullanılarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve Çocuk (2020) tarafından geliştirilen “Dijital Okuryazarlık Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği” ile elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde istatistiki paket programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma için belirlenen problemleri test etmek amacıyla, betimsel analiz, bağımsız örneklemler t-testi ve ANOVA testi analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre SBÖ adaylarının dijital okuryazarlık öz-yeterlik seviyelerinin “yüksek” olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. SBÖ adaylarının yaş ve sınıf düzeyi değişkenleri ile dijital okuryazarlık öz-yeterlik becerileri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Ancak SBÖ adaylarının cinsiyet, interneti kullanma amacı, teknolojik yenilikleri takip etme durumu ve dijital okuryazarlığa ilgi duyma değişkenleri ile DO öz-yeterlik becerileri arasındaki farklılığın önemli (p>0,05) olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda ise araştırmada elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.
Liselere Geçiş Sistemi Matematik Sorularının Bilişsel İstem Düzeyleri Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DURAN Anıl Ayseli
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı 2021, 2022 ve 2023 yıllarında uygulanan Liselere Geçiş Sistemi matematik sorularının bilişsel istem düzeylerini incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda matematik sorularının öncelikle öğrencilerin ağırlıklı olarak hangi düzeydeki becerilerini ölçmeye yönelik olduğu ardından bu bilişsel istem düzeylerinin incelenen her bir yıl için matematik öğrenme alanlarına göre nasıl dağıldığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada matematik sorularını analiz etmek için nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu üç yılda sorulan toplam 60 matematik sorusu, Smith ve Stein’in (1998) çalışmalarında ele aldıkları ezberleme, ilişkisiz işlemler, ilişkili işlemler ve matematik yapma olmak üzere dört düzeyden oluşan bilişsel istem düzeyleri kapsamında betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmanın bulguları LGS matematik sorularının büyük bir çoğunluğunun yüksek seviyede bilişsel istem düzeyinde yer aldığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, her üç yıl için de sayılar ve işlemler öğrenme alanında yer alan sorular hem düşük düzeyde hem de yüksek düzeyde bilişsel istem gerektirmektedir. Cebir ve veri işleme öğrenme alanlarında yer alan sorular, yüksek düzeyde bilişsel istem gerektirmektedir. 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında geometri ve ölçme öğrenme alanında yer alan soruların tamamı yüksek düzeyde bilişsel istem gerektirmekte ve öğrencilerin yüksek düzeyde bilişsel çaba harcamalarını gerektirmektedir. 2023 yılında geometri ve ölçme alanı ile ilgili sorular sınava dahil edilmediği için yorum yapılamamaktadır. Olasılık öğrenme alanında yer alan soruların ise çoğunlukla öğrencilerin en yüksek düzeyde bilişsel çaba harcamalarını gerektiren sorular olduğu sonucuna varılabilir.
Türkiye de Öğrenme Güçlüğü Olan Öğrencilerin Eğitiminde Öğretmenlere Yönelik Çalışmaların İncelenmesi
Authors: ASLAN Murat , FİLİZ Sevil
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırma Türkiye’de öğrenme güçlüğü olan öğrencilerin öğretmenlerine yönelik çalışmaların incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Ulusal Tez Merkezi ve Dergipark üzerinden ulaşılan 62 çalışma içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında öğrenme güçlüğü konusunda öğretmenlere yönelik 2013-2023 yılları arasında yapılan lisansüstü tezler ve makaleler; araştırmaların türleri, araştırma yılları, lisansüstü tezlerin üniversite ve anabilim dalları, makalelerin dergileri, araştırmaların konuları, araştırma yöntemleri, araştırmaların katılımcılarının kademeleri ve branşları, veri toplama araçları ve veri analiz yöntemleri bakımından incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, öğrenme güçlüğü olan öğrencilerin öğretmenlerine yönelik çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğunu yüksek lisans tezleri ve makalelerin oluşturduğu ve bu konuda son yıllarda artan bir araştırma eğiliminin olduğu görülmüştür. Lisansüstü tezlerin çeşitli üniversitelerde ve çeşitli anabilim dallarında yapılmış olduğu sonucu ile birlikte Gazi Üniversitesi ve Selçuk Üniversitesi’nde en çok çalışmanın yapıldığı ve anabilim dalı olarak da temel eğitim ve özel eğitim anabilim dallarında daha çok çalışma yapıldığı görülmüştür. Makalelerin ise çeşitli dergilerde yayımlandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmaların konularına göre dağılımları incelendiğinde ağırlıklı olarak öğretmenlerin görüşlerinin ve önerilerinin belirlenmesinin amaçlandığı çalışmaların yapıldığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca araştırmalarda daha çok ilkokul kademesi ve sınıf öğretmenleri çalışma gruplarını oluşturmuştur. Çalışmalarda araştırma yöntemi olarak nitel araştırma yönteminin, veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formunun ve veri analiz yöntemi olarak içerik analizinin çoğunlukla kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar ilgili alanyazın kapsamında tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Entre eólicas, minerais, solos e águas: Vivências nas comunidades de Fundo de Pasto no Centro-Norte Baiano
Authors: Marcelino da Silva Jhonata , Mário de Lima Barbosa Júnior José , Da Conceição da Silva Maria , Aluizio Cavalcante de Oliveira Lima Vitor , Pereira Barbosa Sabrina
Published: December 2024

As transformações no meio rural brasileiro, impulsionadas por grandes empreendimentos econômicos, têm gerado profundas mudanças nos territórios e modos de vida tradicionais. No Centro-Norte Baiano, especialmente no município de Senhor do Bonfim e seus arredores, destacam-se os impactos provocados pelos empreendimentos de energia eólica e extração mineral sobre as comunidades de fundo e fecho de pasto. Este artigo busca analisar como essas iniciativas afetam os modos de vida e a organização social dessas comunidades. Com base em uma atividade de campo da disciplina de Geografia Agrária, o trabalho sintetiza as observações realizadas, articulando teoria e prática para refletir sobre as mudanças enfrentadas pelo campesinato diante das pressões do desenvolvimento.
Up-and-Down: The Most Popular, Most Reliable, and Most Overlooked Dose-Finding Design
Authors: Oron Assaf P. , Flournoy Nancy
Published: December 2024

Up-and-Down designs (UDDs) are ubiquitous for dose-finding in a wide variety of scientific, engineering, and clinical fields. They are defined by a few simple rules that generate a random walk around the target percentile. UDDs’ combination of robust, tractable behavior, straightforward usage, and good dose-finding performance, has won the trust of practitioners and their consulting analysts across fields and continents. In contrast, in recent decades the statistical dose-finding design field has turned a cold shoulder towards UDDs, and it is quite possible that many younger dose-finding methods researchers are not even aware of this design approach.
We present a concise overview of UDDs and their current state-of-the-art methodology, with references for further inquiry. We also revisit the performance comparison between UDDs and novel, more complicated design approaches such as the Continual Reassessment Method and the Bayesian Optimal Interval design, which we group under the term “Aim-for-Target” designs. UDDs fare very well in the comparison, particularly in terms of robustness to sources of variability.
ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT (ERM) PRACTICES AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM LISTED INSURANCE FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Abdulkadir Jamilu
Published: December 2024

This study examined the Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Practices on the performance of insurance firms in Nigeria. The study used panel and correlational designs in investigating the effect of ERM Practices measured by strategy and operations objectives of the Committee of Sponsoring Organisation (COSO) on the financial performance of insurance firms measured by Tobin’s Q. Secondary data obtained from the annual financial statements of the insurance firms for the periods of 2018-2022 were used in the analysis. The study used panel data regression model to estimate the relationship. The findings revealed the existence of a positive significant effect of strategic objectives on the financial performance of insurance firms in Nigeria. However, a negative significant effect of operational objective on the financial performance of insurance firms in Nigeria was documented. The study recommended that insurance firms in Nigeria should continue to ensure full conformity to the provision of COSO components while carrying out their business operation. They should also re-strategize and monitor their financial performance outcomes in line with their established objectives in order to attain the holistic application of ERM strategic objectives in the overall business operations.
Seasonal, regional, and vertical characteristics of high-carbon-monoxide plumes along with their associated ozone anomalies, as seen by IAGOS between 2002 and 2019
Authors: Lebourgeois Thibaut , Sauvage Bastien , Wolff Pawel , Josse Béatrice , Marécal Virginie , Bennouna Yasmine , Blot Romain , Boulanger Damien , Clark Hannah , Cousin Jean-Marc , Nedelec Philippe , Thouret Valérie
Published: December 2024

Abstract. In situ measurements from the In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) are used to characterise extreme values of carbon monoxide (CO) in large regions of the globe in the troposphere between 2002 and 2019. The SOFT-IO model, combining the FLEXPART Lagrangian dispersion model with emission inventories over the footprint region, is used to identify the origins of the CO in the sampled plumes. The impact of biomass burning and anthropogenic emissions on such CO plumes is characterised through CO mixing ratios and simultaneously recorded ozone (O3) ones. In the Northern Hemisphere, CO reaches its maximum values in DJF in the lower troposphere, which can be attributed to elevated anthropogenic emissions and reduced convective activity during the season. Due to the low photochemistry and the fresh age of the air masses, the O3 values of these plumes are low. CO plumes in the upper troposphere (UT) result from intense emissions and efficient vertical transport, peaking during JJA. The largest values of CO in the Northern Hemisphere are found in eastern Asia in the lower troposphere (LT) and middle troposphere (MT) and in Siberia in the upper troposphere. Among the anomalies detected in the upper troposphere in JJA, the ones with higher associated O3 values are the ones associated with biomass-burning emissions. The middle troposphere is a combination of the characteristics of the LT and the UT, with contributions from both local emissions and long-range transport. Among the studied regions, the troposphere above the Middle East and the UT above Siberia presented extremely high O3 values. Indian CO anomalies have different characteristics depending on the season, as the wet and dry phases of the monsoon have a strong impact on the transport of the pollutant in this region. Similarly, the shift in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) strongly impacts the seasonality of the emissions and the transport patterns above Africa. In that region, convection is no longer the limiting factor, and the transport of the CO plumes is driven by the ITCZ shift, trade winds, and the upper branch of the Hadley cell redistributing the pollution to higher latitudes.
Quantifying the impact of global nitrate aerosol on tropospheric composition fields and its production from lightning NOx
Authors: Luhar Ashok K. , Jones Anthony C. , Wilkinson Jonathan M.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Several global modelling studies have explored the effects of lightning-generated nitrogen oxides (LNOx) on gas-phase chemistry and atmospheric radiative transfer, but few have quantified LNOx's impact on aerosol, particularly when nitrate aerosol is included. This study addresses two key questions: (1) how does including nitrate aerosol affect properties such as tropospheric composition, and (2) how do these effects depend on lightning parameterisation and LNOx levels? Using the Met Office's Unified Model–United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol (UM–UKCA) global chemistry–climate model, which now includes a modal nitrate aerosol scheme, we investigate these effects with two lightning-flash-rate parameterisations. Our findings show that both nitrate aerosol and LNOx significantly impact tropospheric composition and aerosol responses. Including nitrate aerosol reduces global mean tropospheric OH by 5 %, decreases the tropospheric ozone burden by 4 %–5 %, increases methane lifetime by a similar amount, and alters the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) net downward radiative flux by −0.4 W m−2. The inclusion of nitrate also shifts the aerosol size distribution, particularly in the Aitken and accumulation modes. A 5.2 Tg N yr−1 increase in LNOx from a zero baseline results in global aerosol increases of 2.8 % in NH4, 4.7 % in fine NO3, 12 % in coarse NO3, and 5.8 % in SO4 mass burdens. This much LNOx increase causes relatively small positive changes in aerosol optical depth, TOA radiative flux, and cloud droplet number concentration compared to when nitrate is included. The results, based on a fast uptake rate for HNO3 to produce NH4NO3, likely represent an upper limit on nitrate effects.
Acoustic–gravity waves and their role in the ionospheric D region–lower thermosphere interaction
Authors: Jovanovic Gordana
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The properties of acoustic–gravity waves (AGWs) in the ionospheric D layer and their role in the D layer–lower thermosphere interaction are studied using the dispersion equation and the reflection coefficient. These analytical equations are an elegant tool for evaluating the contribution of upward-propagating acoustic and gravity waves to the dynamics of the lower thermosphere. It was found that infrasound waves with a frequency of ω>0.035 s−1, which propagate almost vertically, can reach the lower thermosphere. Also, gravity waves with a frequency of ω<0.0087 s−1, with a horizontal phase velocity in the range of 159 m s−1 < vh < 222 m s−1 and a horizontal wavelength of 115 km < λp < 161 km, are important for the lower thermosphere dynamics. These waves can cause a temperature rise in the lower thermosphere and have the potential to generate middle-scale travelling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). The reflection coefficient for AGWs is highly temperature-dependent. During maximum solar activity, the temperature of the lower thermosphere can rise several times. This is the situation where infrasound waves become a prime candidate for the ionospheric D layer–lower thermosphere interaction since strongly reflected gravity waves remain trapped in the D layer. Knowing the temperatures of the particular atmospheric layers, we can also know the characteristics of AGWs and vice versa.