bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring health professionals' knowledge of cancer-related pain: a scoping review
Authors: Galligan Martin , Verity Rebecca , Briggs Emma
Published: March 2024

Background:

Cancer-related pain is a complex multidimensional experience that affects all aspects of life. To support those impacted by cancer-related pain it is essential that health professionals have adequate knowledge in its assessment and management.

Aims:

To explore the knowledge of health professionals regarding cancer-related pain.

Methods:

A scoping review methodology was used to systematically search the literature published between 2010 and 2020. Databases CINAHL, Medline and PsycINFO were searched using terms ‘cancer pain’, ‘healthcare professional’, ‘knowledge’, ‘attitudes’ and ‘barriers’.

Findings:

The search identified 38 articles. They focused on nursing knowledge with minimal involvement of allied health professionals. Knowledge levels were variable with the majority demonstrating poor knowledge. Common knowledge gaps included around fear of addiction, principles of cancer-related pain assessment and management, and interventional techniques.

Conclusion:

Knowledge of cancer-related pain is variable with several knowledge gaps. More work is needed to ensure health professionals have adequate knowledge regarding the complexity of cancer-related pain.
Prediabetes: understanding non-diabetic hyperglycaemia
Authors: Morris David
Published: March 2024

David Morris looks at how prediabetic patients can be diagnosed and managed
Breathing life into the Sonnet report
Authors: Oxtoby Kathy
Published: March 2024

Kathy Oxtoby looks at the Sonnet report's recommendations for the development of general practice
Bovine neonatal enteric immunity: a key consideration in the prevention of calf diarrhoea
Authors: Gladden Nicola
Published: March 2024

The mucosa is the largest component of the immune system, providing a first line of defence against most pathogens encountered. Although the mucosa is located in all areas where there are mucosal surfaces (such as the respiratory and urogenital tracts), the clinical importance of diarrhoea in calf veterinary practice means the gastrointestinal mucosa is of particular interest. Taking steps to promote good health of the gastrointestinal mucosa can enhance gastrointestinal mucosal immunity and aid prevention of calf diarrhoea, the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in calves under 1 month old.
ELEMENTOS DETERMINANTES NOS CASOS DE FRACASSOS E DISSOLUÇÃO DE COOPERATIVAS: uma revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Alves Pereira Everton , José Braga Marcelo
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho intenciona contribuir com a literatura acerca das sociedades cooperativas, em especial, sobre quais elementos têm sido determinantes nos casos de descontinuidades destas organizações. Utilizou-se como recurso metodológico uma abordagem qualitativa de natureza exploratória, por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura. A bibliografia recuperada nas bases da Scopus e do Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), no período de 1971 a 2021, totalizaram 54 e 97 trabalhos respetivamente, os quais foram posteriormente analisados e categorizados. Os resultados evidenciam que os principais fatores contributivos para o fracasso e dissolução das cooperativas têm sido identificados e associados a fatores externos, observáveis em: (i) cooperativas atuantes enquanto mecanismo de desenvolvimento; (ii) cooperativas enquanto operadoras de políticas públicas e fatores internos: (iii) características inerentes à organização cooperativa, (iv) intervenções governamentais no ambiente de atuação cooperativa e (v) questões de ordem política, econômica e legal.
Von „Studierenden“, „Mitarbeiter*innen“ und „Professoren“ – Geschlechtergerechte Personenbezeichnungen zwischen Varianz und Normierung
Authors: Ivanov Christine , Lieboldt Stephanie
Published: March 2024

Gender-fair language has been a controversial and topical issue in Germany for over 50 years, both in public and in the professional discourse of German linguistics. In this article, two contiguous studies of gender-fair language at German universities are presented. In the first part, university guidelines for gender-fair language usage are subjected to a content analysis. In the second part, linguistic practice in the area of person reference is studied using a corpus compiled from a range of text types used in the internal and external communication of universities. The relation between the existing variance of language use and institutional attempts at standardization of gender-fair language are examined. In the two studies presented, the interplay between theory and practice becomes evident: There are tensions between theories motivating the options presented for gender-fair language and the goals formulated in university guidelines clash with the observable variation in language use. This work contributes to the current dialog on compulsory regulations on gender-fair language by providing data from writing practice while shedding light on ongoing processes of language change.
Introduzione al volume speciale Fraseografia e metafraseografia delle varietà diatopiche.
Authors: Autelli Erica , Konecny Christine
Published: March 2024

In the introductory article to this special issue, the two editors first provide a brief insight into how it arose and then give an overview of the contents of the individual papers, all of which are dedicated to phraseography or metaphraseography. These two fields of linguistic research belong to both phraseology and (meta-)lexicography and deal with the inclusion of phrasemes in dictionaries and the corresponding practical and theoretical issues. The articles also have in common that they focus on various diatopic Romance varieties spoken in Italy (Genoese, Trentino, Piedmontese, Tuscan, regional Italian of Rome, Sardinian, Catalan of Alghero), Croatia (Istriot), Spain and Latin America (regional varieties of Spanish). Since the term phraseme is used in a broad sense in this publication, numerous different phraseological categories are discussed in the papers, including, for example, syntagmatic verbs and partially lexically filled constructions, in addition to more classical categories such as idioms, proverbs and collocations. Finally, it will be briefly argued why this special issue, which is inspired by the two research projects GEPHRAS and GEPHRAS2, can be regarded as particularly innovative.
“O l’è stæto sciù d’assettòu”.
Authors: Forner Werner
Published: March 2024

Syntagmatic verbs are widespread in Germanic languages. However, they are also present in different varieties of Italian, including Ligurian dialects. Starting from a Genoese corpus extracted from a popular 19th century novel, the author shows their independent status by means of a semantic and syntactic analysis. An appropriate description is currently missing in grammars and dictionaries. Therefore, the author outlines a possible lexicographical treatment.
La fraseografia toscana
Authors: Fanfani Massimo
Published: March 2024

Tuscan phraseography had its first moment of success between the 16th and 17th centuries. Numerous collections of proverbs and sayings were compiled during this time, although not all were printed. In the 19th century, idiomatic expressions began to be distinguished from proverbs and were excellently arranged in Giuseppe Giusti’s Raccolta di proverbi toscani (1853).
Responses in Isaiah 40: 1–11 to Jeremiah’s “Set Time” Prophecy and Ezekiel’s Temple Vision
Authors: Aster Shawn Zelig
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article identifies in Isa 40:1–11 two responses to earlier prophecies. The first response appears in Isa 40:2b, which argues that, although the set time of seventy years (Jer 25:12; 29:10) has not yet elapsed, the time for restoration has nevertheless arrived. The more complex response is found in Isa 40:5, which reacts to passages in Ezekiel’s temple vision (Ezek 43:1–5; 44:4). In those passages, Ezekiel envisions the return of
(the Presence of Yhwh) to the restored Jerusalem temple. Isaiah 40:5 envisions a different type of return of
—not to the temple but to the towns of Judah, as part of the Judahites’ return to these towns. Isaiah 40:3–11 innovatively argues that the Presence of God can be made manifest even in the absence of the temple. These verses argue against Ezek 43:1–5 and 44:4, which view the Presence of God as intrinsically linked to the temple.
The History and Uncomfortable Legacy of St. Patrick's Mission Indian School, Anadarko, Oklahoma, 1892–1966
Authors: Rindfleisch Bryan C. , Beliveau Martha G.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: St. Patrick's Indian Mission School in Anadarko was one of a dozen Catholic boarding schools for Native American children in Oklahoma, home to one-third of the Native American population in the late nineteenth century. This article focuses on the tension between the school's assimilationist aims and the Native students, families, and communities who used the school as a means for their own ends. Native appropriations of St. Patrick's ranged from employment opportunities and medical care to cultural and linguistic retention. Ultimately, boarding schools like St. Patrick's acted as both instruments of cultural repression and places of student and community empowerment. Finally, the article considers the legacy of St. Patrick's School in the twenty-first century.
Collectiones historiae iuris: Canon Law and Legal History Collections at The Catholic University of America Archives
Authors: Shepherd William John
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Special Collections at The Catholic University of America (CUA)—formerly known as The American Catholic History Research Center—has four departments: museum, rare books, university archives, and manuscripts. This article focuses on collections as part of both university archives, which include more than a hundred CUA record groups, and manuscripts, which include nearly five hundred donations of non-university institutional records and personal papers documenting American Catholic history. Topics treated in these records range from education and labor to politics and social justice. They also include important collections related to secular and canon (church) law, which often intersect or overlap. This diverse assemblage of collections with both institutional records and personal papers is an important resource for the legal history of American Catholics and the U.S. Catholic Church.
Thirty Years of Mercy: The Sisters of Mercy and Catholic Responses to the AIDS Crisis in Charlotte, North Carolina
Authors: Hutchinson Daniel
Published: March 2024

Abstract: House of Mercy (HOM), founded by the Sisters of Mercy in 1991, offers care for those with HIV/AIDS in Belmont, North Carolina. Using oral histories and contemporary media coverage, this study explores HOM's unique role as a Catholic HIV/AIDS ministry in the rural South. This regional approach provides a novel view of the U.S. Catholic Church's engagement with HIV/AIDS, highlighting the complex relationship between faith-based healthcare, social justice, and the region's cultural and political norms. By examining how HOM navigated systemic challenges and social stigmas, the article explores how the nature of this ministry transformed over the course of the AIDS epidemic. This work contributes to scholarship on Catholic healthcare ministries, the U.S. Catholic Church during the HIV/AIDS era, and the history of Catholicism in the American South.
Evangelizing Catechesis and the Institute on the Catechism
Authors: Caggiano Bishop Frank J. , Sullivan Jem
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Bishop Frank J. Caggiano, Bishop of Bridgeport, and Chairman of the Subcommittee on the Catechism of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops discusses the newly formed Institute on the Catechism on the podcast Echoing Faith Today . In the dialogue with Dr. Jem Sullivan, podcast host, Bishop Caggiano reflects on current challenges and opportunities for catechetical ministry in the United States, with a particular focus on evangelizing catechesis. The conversation highlights the graced moment of the publication of the Directory for Catechesis and Pope Francis' Apostolic Letter issued Motu proprio, Antiquum Ministerium . From these catechetical documents, Bishop Caggiano highlights the call to invite and form the faithful through the lens of the encounter with Jesus Christ within the community of the Church. The Institute on the Catechism of the USCCB will offer unique formational opportunities in evangelizing catechesis as the Church in the United States seeks to realize the theological-pastoral principles contained in the Directory for Catechesis and Antiquum Ministerium. Echoing Faith Today , a podcast dedicated to themes in the Directory for Catechesis , is hosted by Dr. Jem Sullivan, associate professor in the School of Theology and Religious Studies at The Catholic University of America.
The New Proposition of a Cause of Matrimonial Nullity before the Local Appellate Tribunal (cf. CIC c. 1681; CCEO c. 1367)
Authors: Daniel William L.
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT: Included within the competence of the local appellate tribunal is its ability and duty to receive the new proposition of a cause already decided at the first instance tribunal without the interposition of an appeal. Although the general norms on trials present this remedy of law as one available against a double conforming sentence in causes concerning the status of persons, the specific norms on the marriage nullity process provide for it even against a single sentence. Against an executive affirmative sentence issued in first instance, the legitimate party may request a new examination of the cause before either the local appellate tribunal or the Roman Rota, provided that he present new and grave proofs or arguments that probably demand a contrary decision. Against an un-appealed negative sentence after expiration of the time limits for appealing, the cause may be simply presented before the local appellate tribunal or the Roman Rota with a motivated request for its reformation, or correction, without needing to indicate any new and grave proofs or arguments.
Cleaving the Natural Law at Its Joints
Authors: Pakaluk Michael
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This essay presents a new interpretation of the famous article on natural law in the Summa theologiae of St. Thomas Aquinas, I-II, q. 94, a. 2, as placed within the context of an classical understanding of beatitude and virtues, according to which the purpose of that article is, first, to set out the basis on which the Decalogue may be construed as a natural kind (a natural kind may be understood as a grouping which we are naturally constituted so as to view as a unity), and, second, to indicate the natural "joints" at which this unity is appropriately divided. The task of enumerating and accounting for the precepts within that natural kind is left for STh II-II, q. 122. The earlier article is deliberately planned with a view to the later article, and it is a mistake to read the structure or role of the later article into the earlier.
Rapid calculation of the efficiency of self-terminating four-level Q-switched lasers
Authors: Merkle Larry , Brown Ei Ei , Fleischman Zackery , McKay Jason , Dubinskii Mark
Published: March 2024

We have developed a simple approach to deriving the efficiency of Q-switched four-level lasers, valid even for arbitrarily long lower laser level lifetimes. By eliminating time dependence from the calculation, numerical solutions can be obtained very rapidly. Its threshold and limiting slope efficiency values provide useful estimates for free-running pulsed four-level lasers as well as Q-switched.
Electromagnetically induced transparency and quantum enhancement of transmission via dressed bloch photons in an array of three-level Λ-type atoms
Authors: Chang Chih-Chun , Chen Yi-Hsin , Chen Guang-Yin
Published: March 2024

We investigate the interactions between an array of three-level atoms and two photon fields with distinct frequencies employing quantum electrodynamics (QED). The control beam, as expected, has a considerably higher intensity than the probe beam, and the probe photon’s eigenstate notably then appears as a distinctive dressed Bloch wave. We calculate the dispersion relation and quantum amplitude of the probe photons for their transmission. At positions predicting electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomena, we unveil remarkable enhancements in the transmission of the probe beam. Crucially, these enhancements are intricately linked to the unique characteristics of the dressed Bloch wave eigenstate. Moreover, we demonstrate that modulating frequency and intensity of the control beam and the lattice constant would further tune these enhancements. Our study highlights the crucial role of the dressed Bloch wave eigenstate in substantially amplifying targeted light beams, thereby significantly enhancing the detection sensitivity for minute electromagnetic signals and emphasizing its pivotal role in unveiling intriguing phenomena.
Characteristics of Y3Fe5O12 ceramic at mid-infrared wavelengths and its Faraday isolator application
Authors: Jiang Renjie , Chen Jie , Shen Shiji , Yang Xuan , Zhou Sheng Ming , Liu Jing , He Zhenxing , Yu Ting , Wang Zhengjuan , He Xiyun , Wang Jun
Published: March 2024

In this study, the Faraday effects of Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) magneto-optic (MO) ceramics synthesized by hot-press sintering were tested and compared with commercial YIG single crystals and Bi-doped iron garnet (BIG) films at mid-infrared wavelengths. Among them, YIG ceramics have shown Faraday rotation angles as large as 114 deg/cm and 60 deg/cm at 2.1 µm and 3.8 µm, respectively. The corresponding YIG ceramic-based Faraday isolators (FIs) exhibited an extinction ratio of 25.26 dB and an insertion loss of 1.01 dB at 2.1 µm, and an extinction ratio of 28.30 dB and an insertion loss of 1.17 dB at 3.8 µm. Under high repetition rate pulsed laser radiation, surface damage was observed for both YIG ceramic and YIG crystal at similar laser power density. Combining its advantage of size scalability, the further improvement of YIG ceramic optical quality is expected to provide a superior approach for realizing high power mid- infrared FIs.
Using birth-death processes to infer tumor subpopulation structure from live-cell imaging drug screening data
Authors: Wu Chenyu , Gunnarsson Einar Bjarki , Myklebust Even Moa , Köhn-Luque Alvaro , Tadele Dagim Shiferaw , Enserink Jorrit Martijn , Frigessi Arnoldo , Foo Jasmine , Leder Kevin
Published: March 2024

Tumor heterogeneity is a complex and widely recognized trait that poses significant challenges in developing effective cancer therapies. In particular, many tumors harbor a variety of subpopulations with distinct therapeutic response characteristics. Characterizing this heterogeneity by determining the subpopulation structure within a tumor enables more precise and successful treatment strategies. In our prior work, we developed PhenoPop, a computational framework for unravelling the drug-response subpopulation structure within a tumor from bulk high-throughput drug screening data. However, the deterministic nature of the underlying models driving PhenoPop restricts the model fit and the information it can extract from the data. As an advancement, we propose a stochastic model based on the linear birth-death process to address this limitation. Our model can formulate a dynamic variance along the horizon of the experiment so that the model uses more information from the data to provide a more robust estimation. In addition, the newly proposed model can be readily adapted to situations where the experimental data exhibits a positive time correlation. We test our model on simulated data (in silico) and experimental data (in vitro), which supports our argument about its advantages.
Bifurcations and bursting in the Epileptor
Authors: Saggio Maria Luisa , Jirsa Viktor
Published: March 2024

The Epileptor is a phenomenological model for seizure activity that is used in a personalized large-scale brain modeling framework, the Virtual Epileptic Patient, with the aim of improving surgery outcomes for drug-resistant epileptic patients. Transitions between interictal and ictal states are modeled as bifurcations, enabling the definition of seizure classes in terms of onset/offset bifurcations. This establishes a taxonomy of seizures grounded in their essential underlying dynamics and the Epileptor replicates the activity of the most common class, as observed in patients with focal epilepsy, which is characterized by square-wave bursting properties. The Epileptor also encodes an additional mechanism to account for interictal spikes and spike and wave discharges. Here we use insights from a more generic model for square-wave bursting, based on the Unfolding Theory approach, to guide the bifurcation analysis of the Epileptor and gain a deeper understanding of the model and the role of its parameters. We show how the Epileptor’s parameters can be modified to produce activities for other seizures classes of the taxonomy, as observed in patients, so that the large-scale brain models could be further personalized. Some of these classes have already been described in the literature in the Epileptor, others, predicted by the generic model, are new. Finally, we unveil how the interaction with the additional mechanism for spike and wave discharges alters the bifurcation structure of the main burster.
Investigation of COVID-19 outbreak at a refugee transit centre, Kisoro District, Uganda, June–July 2022
Authors: Kawungezi Peter , Migisha Richard , Zavuga Robert , Simbwa Brenda Nakafeero , Zalwango Jane Frances , Ninsiima Mackline , Kiggundu Thomas , Agaba Brian , Kyamwine Irene , Kadobera Daniel , Kwesiga Benon , Bulage Lilian , Majwala Robert Kaos , Ario Alex Riolexus
Published: March 2024

Due to conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), approximately 34,000 persons arrived at Nyakabande Transit Centre (NTC) between March and June 2022. On June 12, 2022, Kisoro District reported >330 cases of COVID-19 among NTC residents. We investigated the outbreak to assess its magnitude, identify risk factors, and recommend control measures. We defined a confirmed case as a positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen test in an NTC resident during March 1–June 30, 2022. We generated a line list through medical record reviews and interviews with residents and health workers. We assessed the setting to understand possible infection mechanisms. In a case-control study, we compared exposures between cases (persons staying ≥5 days at NTC between June 26 and July 16, 2022, with a negative COVID-19 test at NTC entry and a positive test at exit) and unmatched controls (persons with a negative COVID-19 test at both entry and exit who stayed ≥5 days at NTC during the same period). We used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with contracting COVID-19. Among 380 case-persons, 206 (54.2%) were male, with a mean age of 19.3 years (SD = 12.6); none died. The attack rate was higher among exiting persons (3.8%) than entering persons (0.6%) (p<0.01). Among 42 cases and 127 controls, close contact with symptomatic persons (aOR = 9.6; 95%CI = 3.1–30) increased the odds of infection; using a facemask (aOR = 0.06; 95% CI = 0.02–0.17) was protective. We observed overcrowding in shelters, poor ventilation, and most refugees not wearing face masks. The COVID-19 outbreak at NTC was facilitated by overcrowding and suboptimal use of facemasks. Enforcing facemask use and expanding shelter space could reduce the risk of future outbreaks. The collaborative efforts resulted in successful health sensitization and expanding the distribution of facemasks and shelter space. Promoting facemask use through refugee-led efforts is a viable strategy.
Chemical reactivity theory to analyze possible toxicity of microplastics: Polyethylene and polyester as examples
Authors: Martínez Ana , Barbosa Andrés
Published: March 2024

Micro- and nanoplastics are widespread throughout the world. In particular, polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate or polyester (PET) are two of the most common polymers, used as plastic bags and textiles. To analyze the toxicity of these two polymers, oligomers with different numbers of units were used as models. The use of oligomers as polymeric templates has been used previously with success. We started with the monomer and continued with different oligomers until the chain length was greater than two nm. According to the results of quantum chemistry, PET is a better oxidant than PE, since it is a better electron acceptor. Additionally, PET has negatively charged oxygen atoms and can promote stronger interactions than PE with other molecules. We found that PET forms stable complexes and can dissociate the guanine-cytosine nucleobase pair. This could affect DNA replication. These preliminary theoretical results may help elucidate the potential harm of micro- and nanoplastics.
The development and validation of the teacher professional identity scale in a Chinese university context
Authors: Zeng Jie , Liu Weijia
Published: March 2024

Professional identity has become a central topic in teacher education research and a crucial factor in shaping teachers’ self-perception and perspectives on various aspects of their profession, including teacher roles, scholarly research, curriculum design, classroom instruction, instructional methods, and strategies, as well as their interactions within the educational context. Despite the considerable scholarly interest in teacher identity development, relatively few studies have considered how to measure teacher professional identity. This study developed and validated a new measurement of professional identity among Chinese pre-service teachers from an English language education program. A total of 560 pre-service teachers majoring in English language education were invited to participate in a survey and 542 questionnaires were deemed valid and subjected to analysis. Through this analysis, a scale with 17 items was developed, focusing on three different dimensions: professional self-efficacy, career commitment, and professional knowledge. After excluding items with a relatively poor correlation with factor loading, the final scale consisted of 13 items. The results showed that the developed scale has relatively good reliability (α = 0.939) and structural validity (χ2/df = 2.46, p < .001, CFI = 0.978, TLI = 0.971, SRMR = 0.033, RMSEA (90% CI) = 0.071 0.054, 0.089). This study may provide a quantitative instrument for future research to measure professional identity among pre-service teachers, both in Chinese and other contexts.
Assessment of complementary health approaches use in pediatric oncology: Modification and preliminary validation of the "Which Health Approaches and Treatments Are You Using?" (WHAT) questionnaires
Authors: Alqudimat Mohammad R. , Toupin April Karine , Jibb Lindsay , Victor Charles , Nathan Paul C. , Stinson Jennifer
Published: March 2024

Objective

Complementary Health Approaches (CHA) are commonly used by children with cancer; however, a few health care providers (HCPs) inquire about the use of CHA. A standardized questionnaire could facilitate such clinical discussions. We aimed to adapt and determine the face and content validity of the “Which Health Approaches and Treatments are you using?" (WHAT) child and parent-report questionnaires in pediatric oncology.

Methods

An electronic Delphi survey that included children with cancer (8–18 years), parents, and HCPs and CHA researchers was conducted to reach consensus on the content of the WHAT questionnaires in pediatric oncology. Children and parents from the Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), and HCPs and researchers from the International Society of Pediatric Oncology and Pediatric Complementary and Alternative Medicine Research and Education Network completed the survey. To determine the face and content validity of the questionnaires, two iterative cycles of individual interviews were conducted with purposive samples of children (8–18 years), parents, and HCPs from SickKids.

Results

Consensus was reached on all domains and items of the original WHAT questionnaires after one Delphi cycle (n = 61). For face and content validity testing, the first cycle of interviews (n = 19) revealed that the questionnaires were mostly comprehensive and relevant. However, the paper-based format of the original WHAT was not user-friendly, and generic items were vague and not aimed at facilitating clinical dialogues about CHA use. The WHAT questionnaires were then modified into electronic cancer-specific self- and proxy-report questionnaires including 13 and 15 items, respectively. The second cycle (n = 21) showed no need for further changes.

Conclusions

The modified electronic cancer-specific WHAT questionnaires showed adequate face and content validity. The next step is to determine inter-rater reliability, construct validity, and feasibility of administration of the modified WHAT questionnaires in pediatric oncology.
Ovarian torsion: A retrospective case series at a tertiary care center emergency department
Authors: Tabbara Faysal , Hariri Moustafa , Hitti Eveline
Published: March 2024

Ovarian torsion (OT) is a gynecological emergency that can have diverse clinical presentations makings its diagnosis especially challenging. Few studies exist in the literature describing the clinical presentation as well as the management of OT in the emergency department (ED). This study aims to describe the clinical presentation, physical examination, emergency management, radiographic and intraoperative findings, histopathology reports and the time-to-intervention metrics of OT cases presenting to the emergency room of our tertiary care center. Data was collected by a retrospective chart review of all OT cases that presented to our ED over a period of 1 year. A total of 20 cases were included in the final analysis. The incidence of OT in the ED was 157.4 per 100 000 visits of women in the reproductive age group. All patients were women of reproductive age, with a mean age of 27.3 years. A total of 15 patients (78.9%) presented within 24 hours of symptom onset. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain (95%, 19/20) with most localizing to the right lower quadrant (60%, 12/20), followed by nausea and vomiting (90%, 18/20). Almost all patients (95%, 19/20) required opioids for pain management. The majority (80%, 16/20) were diagnosed by ultrasound prior to surgery, whereas (20%, 4/20) went straight to surgery based on a high index of clinical suspicion. Among those who underwent ultrasound, ovarian cyst was present in (75%, 12/16) while (68.9%, 11/16) showed ovarian enlargement and (50%, 8/16) showed abnormal ovarian blood flow. All patients except one patient underwent operative management. Out of the 19 patients who underwent surgery, the majority of patients (94.7%, 18/19) had viable ovaries with the exception of 1 patient (5.3%) who required a salpingo-oophorectomy post ovarian detorsion. A total of 13 cases included histopathologic review of specimens out of which 6 (46.2%) had a mature cystic teratoma. The mean time from door to ultrasonography was 1.4 hours and from door to surgery was 11.4 hours. Our study provides valuable insights into the incidence, clinical presentation, physical examination, emergency management, ultrasonographic and intraoperative findings, histopathology reports as well as the time-to-intervention metrics of OT patients presenting to the ED.
Structural insights into the modulation Of SOD1 aggregation By a fungal metabolite Phialomustin-B: Therapeutic potential in ALS
Authors: Unni Sruthi , Kommu Padmini , Aouti Snehal , Nalli Yedukondalu , Bharath M. M. Srinivas , Ali Asif , Padmanabhan Balasundaram
Published: March 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal human motor neuron disease leading to muscle atrophy and paralysis. Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) are associated with familial ALS (fALS). The SOD1 mutants in ALS have a toxic-gain of function by destabilizing the functional SOD1 homodimer, consequently inducing fibril-like aggregation with a cytotoxic non-native trimer intermediate. Therefore, reducing SOD1 oligomerization via chemical modulators is an optimal therapy in ALS. Here, we report the discovery of Phialomustin-B, an unsaturated secondary metabolite from the endophytic fungus Phialophora mustea, as a modulator of SOD1 aggregation. The crystal structure of the SOD1-Phialomustin complex refined to 1.90 Å resolution demonstrated for the first time that the ligand binds to the dimer interface and the lateral region near the electrostatic loop. The aggregation analyses of SOD1WT and the disease mutant SOD1A4V revealed that Phialomustin-B reduces cytotoxic trimerization. We propose that Phialomustin-B is a potent lead molecule with therapeutic potential in fALS.
Exploring the causes of COPD misdiagnosis in primary care: A mixed methods study
Authors: Patel Ketan , Smith Daniel J. , Huntley Christopher C. , Channa Sunita D. , Pye Anita , Dickens Andrew P. , Gale Nicola , Turner Alice M.
Published: March 2024

Background

Within primary care there exists a cohort of patients misdiagnosed with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Misdiagnosis can have a detrimental impact on healthcare finances and patient health and so understanding the factors leading to misdiagnosis is crucial in order to reduce misdiagnosis in the future. The objective of this study is to understand and explore the perceived causes of COPD misdiagnosis in primary care.

Methods

A sequential mixed methods study, quantifying prevalence and features of patients misdiagnosed with COPD in primary care followed by a qualitative analysis to explore perceived causes of misdiagnosis. Quantitative data was collected for 206 patients identified as misdiagnosed with COPD within the INTEGR COPD study (NCT03482700). Qualitative data collected from 21 healthcare professionals involved in providing COPD care and 8 misdiagnosed patients who were recruited using a maximum variation purposive sampling.

Results

Misinterpretation of spirometry results was the prevailing factor leading to patients initially being misdiagnosed with COPD, affecting 59% of misdiagnosed patients in this cohort. Of the 99 patients who were investigated for their underlying diagnosis; 41% had normal spirometry and 40% had asthma. Further investigation through qualitative methodology uncovered reluctance to challenge historical misdiagnoses and challenges in differential diagnosis as the underlying explanations for COPD misdiagnosis in this cohort.

Conclusions

Patients historically diagnosed with COPD without spirometric evidence are at risk of remaining labelled and treated for COPD despite non-obstructive respiratory physiology, leading to a persistent cohort of patients misdiagnosed with COPD in primary care. The lack of spirometry services during and after the COVID19 pandemic in primary care risks adding to the cohort of misdiagnosed patients. Support from respiratory specialists can potentially help to reduce the prevalence of COPD misdiagnosis in primary care.

Trial registration

NCT03482700.
Genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in Guinea, West Africa
Authors: Sow Mamadou Saliou , Togo Josue , Simons Lacy M. , Diallo Souleymane Taran , Magassouba Mohamed Lamine , Keita Mamadou Bhoye , Somboro Anou Moise , Coulibaly Youssouf , Ozer Egon A. , Hultquist Judd F. , Murphy Robert Leo , Maiga Almoustapha Issiaka , Maiga Mamoudou , Lorenzo-Redondo Ramon
Published: March 2024

SARS-CoV-2 has claimed several million lives since its emergence in late 2019. The ongoing evolution of the virus has resulted in the periodic emergence of new viral variants with distinct fitness advantages, including enhanced transmission and immune escape. While several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern trace their origins back to the African continent—including Beta, Eta, and Omicron–most countries in Africa remain under-sampled in global genomic surveillance efforts. In an effort to begin filling these knowledge gaps, we conducted retrospective viral genomic surveillance in Guinea from October 2020 to August 2021. We found that SARS-CoV-2 clades 20A, 20B, and 20C dominated throughout 2020 until the coincident emergence of the Alpha and Eta variants of concern in January 2021. The Alpha variant remained dominant throughout early 2021 until the arrival of the Delta variant in July. Surprisingly, despite the small sample size of our study, we also found the persistence of the early SARS-CoV-2 clade 19B as late as April 2021. Together, these data help fill in our understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 population dynamics in West Africa early in the COVID-19 pandemic.
The impact of the digital economy on creative industries development: Empirical evidence based on the China
Authors: Zhao Xiaodi , Shen Lei , Jiang Zhengyun
Published: March 2024

Digital economy has become a "new engine" that driving global economic growth. Nevertheless, numerous controversies persist regarding whether and how digital economy can facilitate the development of emerging industries. Thus, this paper investigates how digital economy affects creative industries development in China and whether innovation efficiency mediates this relationship. Drawing upon a panel data set containing 29 Chinese provinces from 2012 to 2019, an econometric model is constructed for empirical analysis. We find that digital economy significantly promotes creative industries development, and innovation efficiency plays a partial mediating role between digital economy and creative industries development. According to the influence mechanism, the digital economy of various regions could promote the creative industries development by improving the innovation efficiency. Finally, relevant suggestions were put forward from the expanding application paths, improving regional innovation efficiency, and creating an innovative environment.
Shrouded in history: Unveiling the ways of life of an early Muslim population in Santarém, Portugal (8th– 10th century AD)
Authors: MacRoberts Rebecca Anne , Liberato Marco , Roca-Rada Xavier , Valente Maria João , Relvado Claudia , Matos Fernandes Teresa , Barrocas Dias Cristina , Llamas Bastien , Vasconcelos Vilar Hermínia , Schöne Bernd R. , Ribeiro Sara , Santos José Francisco , Teixeira João C. , Maurer Anne-France
Published: March 2024

In around 716 AD, the city of Santarém, Portugal, was conquered by the Berber and Arab armies that swept the Iberian Peninsula and went on to rule the region until the 12th century. Archaeological excavations in 2007/08 discovered an Islamic necropolis (Avenida 5 de Outubro #2–8) that appears to contain the remains of an early Muslim population in Santarém (8th– 10th century). In this study, skeletal material from 58 adult individuals was analysed for stable carbon (δ13Ccol; δ13Cap), nitrogen (δ15N) and sulphur (δ34S) isotope ratios in bones, and stable oxygen (δ18O), carbon (δ13Cen) and radiogenic strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isotopes in tooth enamel. The results of this study revealed a dietary pattern of predominantly C3-plant and domestic C3-fed herbivore consumption during adulthood (δ13Ccol and δ15N, respectively) but a higher proportion of C4-plant input during childhood (δ13Cen) for some individuals—interpreted as possible childhood consumption of millet porridge, a common practice in North Africa—in those with unorthodox burial types (Groups 1 and 2) that was not practiced in the individuals with canonical burials (Group 3). In this first mobility study of a medieval Muslim population in Portugal, δ18ODW values revealed greater heterogeneity in Groups 1 and 2, consistent with diverse origins, some in more humid regions than Santarém when compared to regional precipitation δ18O data, contrasting the more homogenous Group 3, consistent with the local precipitation δ18O range. Ancient DNA analysis conducted on three individuals revealed maternal (mtDNA) and paternal (Y-chromosome) lineages compatible with a North African origin for (at least) some of the individuals. Additionally, mobility of females in this population was higher than males, potentially resulting from a patrilocal social system, practiced in Berber and Arab communities. These results serve to offer a more detailed insight into the ancestry and cultural practices of early Muslim populations in Iberia.
Visual political communication research: A literature review from 2012 to 2022
Authors: Farkas Xénia
Published: March 2024

More than ten years ago, Schill’s (2012) review article was published on the visual aspects of political communication aiming to increase research in this field. It seems that scholars have reacted to this call in the last decade. The present article argues that in the last ten years, visual political communication (VPC) has been affected by technological advances, and with the proliferation of the internet and social media, political communication has become even more visual. As Schill’s (2012) article predated this period, a new review seems to be timely. To that end, a combination of a systematic and narrative review is provided to highlight the results and developments in this area. Findings suggest that the rise of social media has brought changes to VPC, which have been reflected in the literature by focusing on key concepts in contemporary political communication: personalization, populism, gender-related issues, and the effects of VPC on citizens, separately on social media and in television.
Perséfone y la dureza del trabajo según Cornuto (ND 46,1-3 Torres) y el estoicismo
Authors: Torres guerra Jose
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo revisa primero las etimologías modernas y antiguas de Perséfone. Se llama la atención sobre el hecho de que el Repaso de las tradiciones teológicas de los griegos del estoico Cornuto etimologiza de manera peculiar el teónimo en 46,1-3 Torres. Por una parte, este es el único caso conocido en el que -φόνη, la segunda parte de Περσεφόνη, se relaciona con πόνος, el ‘trabajo duro’. Después, Cornuto emplea esta explicación etimológica como base para una alegoría doble según la cual Perséfone simboliza el trabajo duro que supone el laboreo del campo; o bien su nombre es un recordatorio de que la práctica de un trabajo esforzado genera aguante. Tras revisar el concepto de ‘trabajo’ presente en otros escritos estoicos, se hace observar que, para una comprensión adecuada del pasaje analizado, se deben tener en mente el carácter didáctico del manual de Cornuto, lo que este declara en otros lugares sobre el trabajo intelectual, así como un pasaje relevante de Persio.
Inscripciones romanas de Torrecillas de la Tiesa (Cáceres)
Authors: Hernando Sobrino M.ª Rosario , Moreno Benito Arturo , González Cordero Antonio
Published: March 2024

Presentamos en este trabajo tres inscripciones funerarias, prácticamente inéditas, procedentes de Torrecillas de la Tiesa (Cáceres). Dos de ellas  aportan nuevos testimonios de nombres personales indígenas
Postille alla lingua di Planude nella Metafrasi delle Heroides
Authors: Carrozza Marco
Published: March 2024

Il presente contributo mira a fornire una visione d’insieme degli elementi morfosintattici che caratterizzano in maniera più evidente il linguaggio adottato da Planude nella metafrasi delle Heroides, con l'obiettivo di individuare alcuni tratti linguistici ricorrenti dell'usus vertendi planudeo che si dispiega in tale paradosis e, allo stesso tempo, di evidenziare le interferenze fra Hochsprache e Volkssprache, all’insegna della diglossia che permea di sé il panorama linguistico bizantino.
Automatic work-element detection: the missing piece in developing intelligent coaching systems for cut-to-length logging machinery
Authors:   Skogforsk, Uppsala Science Park, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden, Manner Jussi
Published: March 2024

The productivity of cut-to-length machine operators exhibits a significant disparity, with the most productive individuals demonstrating twice the efficiency of their less productive counterparts. This discrepancy is largely attributed to variations in work methods. While supervised training has proven effective in streamlining work methods and enhancing productivity, the availability of forest-machine instructors for supervision is limited. Intelligent coaching systems (ICS) are periodically proposed to address this constraint. ICS are computer-based aids that offer machine operators real-time feedback on their work and guide them on how to rationalize their work. The successful implementation of ICS initially requires the development of systems for automatic work-element detection (AWED). Therefore, this article explores the history, current status, and technological possibilities of AWED. Additionally, key features of ICS are briefly reviewed. Lastly, a broader, interdisciplinary discussion is initiated on how to strategically allocate limited research resources. Questions surrounding the feasible ambition level for ICS and AWED are raised, prompting considerations for the next steps in research and development.
Avaliação físico-química e microbiológica do queijo Colonial gaúcho
Authors: Roldan Bruna Bresolin , Grecellé Cristina Zaffari , Guedes Fernanda Fabero , Ambrosini Larissa Bueno
Published: March 2024

O queijo colonial do Rio Grande do Sul é produzido pelas famílias para consumo próprio e venda informal, e por pequenas e grandes indústrias lácteas. Apesar de ser amplamente produzido, o queijo colonial não é objeto de pesquisas sistemáticas. O objetivo desse artigo é caracterizar o queijo colonial gaúcho em relação a seus parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos e verificar se há diferenças entre a produção em agroindústria familiar (AG) e fabricação caseira (FC). A fabricação caseira se caracteriza pela produção em pequena escala, realizada na cozinha de casa, para consumo da família ou para venda informal. Para isso foi calculado o tamanho da amostra para uma população finita com base na estimativa da proporção populacional, utilizando o método de amostragem por conglomerado, totalizando 293 propriedades. Foram realizadas análises de acidez titulável, gordura, umidade, cloretos e cinzas. E análises microbiológicas de coliformes termotolerantes, Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, Listeria e Salmonella. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância. Os resultados encontrados caracterizam o queijo colonial como de alta umidade e gordo. Os parâmetros que apresentaram diferença entre fabricação caseira e agroindústria foram umidade (46,27g .100 g-1 para AG e 47,56 g .100 g-1 para FC), cloretos (0,98 g .100 g-1 para AG e 0,84 g .100 g-1 para FC) e tempo de maturação (10,61 dias para AG e 9,43 dias para FC), que nos mostra que a agroindústria familiar matura o queijo colonial por um período maior, diminuindo sua umidade, e adiciona uma quantidade maior de cloretos. As médias das contagens microbiológicas das amostras de queijos analisadas foram, para ambas as categorias, superiores ao tolerado pela legislação, porém foram menores na categoria agroindústria familiar, demonstrando a importância da formalização para a oferta de alimentos seguros.