bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Enhancement of Distributed Processing Systems Using Novel Hybrid Shard Selection Algorithm
Authors: Dhulavvagol Praveen M. , Totad Sashikumar G.
Published: April 2024

Distributed processing systems play a crucial role in query search operations, where large-scale data are partitioned across multiple nodes using shard selection algorithms. However, the existing shard selection algorithms pose significant challenges, such as shard ranking, shard cut-off estimation, high latency, low throughput, and high processing costs. These limitations become more pronounced as the data size increases, affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of search operations. To address these challenges, the novel Hybrid Shard Selection Algorithm (HSSA) is proposed as a solution in this paper, designed specifically to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of search operations within distributed processing systems. HSSA employs an advanced sharding approach that adeptly navigates and targets pertinent shards based on specific queries. This not only curtails search-related overhead but also enhances operational efficiency. Through rigorous testing using the Gov2 dataset, the HSSA algorithm has proven its merits. When set against well-established algorithms like CORI, Rank-S, and SHiRE, HSSA stands out, registering remarkable gains in average throughput by 21%, 16%, and 12%, while also slashing latency by 14.2%, 9.4%, and 8.2%, respectively. The insights gained from this research underscore HSSA's capability to effectively bridge the gaps inherent in traditional shard selection strategies. Furthermore, its exemplary efficacy with datasets of varied sizes amplifies its relevance for practical integration within distributed processing landscapes.
Crossbred Bull Fertility Prediction Using a Transcriptome based SNP Methodology
Authors: Sinha Manish Kumar , Arumugam Kumaresan , Patil Shivanagouda , Aranganathan V
Published: April 2024

Although various methods have been advanced and introduced to comprehend the most suitable approach for predicting fertility, extensive analysis has been undertaken. The utilization of high-throughput data sequencing has been instrumental in the generation of extensive datasets derived from diverse studies, with a primary focus on elements such as epigenetics, genomic variations, genome-wide associations, and differential gene expression in the context of bull fertility. However, the task of achieving effective prediction remains a formidable challenge. The current investigation aims to examine variations identified through RNA-Seq, with a particular emphasis on coding region alterations, and subsequently, map these variations to the region of genes associated with fertility functions and proximity. In this study, transcriptome analysis was carried over sperm samples obtained from 12 bulls, half of which exhibited high fertility (n = 6) and the other half low fertility (n = 6) based on their conception rates. Bioinformatics tools align the data, genetic variants were identified and mapped subsequently to known fertility quantitative trait loci (QTL). After filtering for fertility-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with missense mutations, we identified a total of six significant biomarkers. This research demonstrates the efficacy of our innovative approach for screening genetic variants, ultimately leading to the identification of fertility markers within bovine spermatozoa.
Individual and Family Attributes Related to Succession Planning
Authors: Neske Djeimi Angela Leonhardt , Ribeiro Ivano
Published: April 2024

Management change is a decisive factor for the longevity of family organizations. In this article, we seek to understand the connections between individual and family attributes and succession planning in family businesses. The literature provided us with support for the elaboration of research hypotheses, which we tested in a sample composed of 264 Brazilian family companies. The analysis of the data, through the Structural Equation Modeling with estimation by the method of Partial Least Squares, allowed us to confirm five of the hypotheses formulated. The results demonstrate that some attributes of the successor and the prior knowledge of the business of the possible successor are positively related to the planning of the succession process. As a contribution, the article provides a better understanding of family organizations, mainly contemplating the relationships between: family and business; and successor and predecessor, variables that impact the succession planning level in different ways.
Perceived stress, burnout, and resilience among healthcare workers in a multiple disaster-impacted setting during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Imtiyaz Bushra Syed , Margoob Mushtaq Ahmad , Roub Fazle , Imtiaz Mehwish
Published: April 2024

Objective: Current literature on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) research presents gaps and opportunities to investigate the psychological experiences of healthcare workers (HCWs) serving in mass trauma situations. We aimed to measure perceived stress, burnout, and resilience in Kashmiri HCWs and explore the relationship of burnout with sociodemographic, work-related, and pandemic-related factors.

Design, setting, and participants: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data were collected by circulating a web-based questionnaire among HCWs across primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare levels in Kashmir, India. The questionnaire consisted of sections on personal, work-related, and pandemic-related variables as well as validated instruments to measure perceived stress, burnout, and resilience.

Results: A total of 514 valid responses were received. More than 80 percent of HCWs had moderate to high perceived stress. The prevalence of personal, work-related, and client-related burnouts was 68, 48.6, and 46 percent, respectively. Resilience was negatively correlated with stress and burnout. Younger (18-28 years), unmarried HCWs, especially junior residents and nurses, had higher burnout levels. Redeployment to deliver COVID-19 duties, unpredictability in work schedule, tested positive for COVID-19, and spending time in isolation/quarantine were also found to be significant risk factors for developing burnout.

Conclusions: Nearly half of the HCWs suffered from burnout, and more than half had moderate to high perceived stress. In addition to pre-existing risk factors of burnout, the pandemic seems to have introduced more occupational risk factors in this disaster-affected area. Lessons learnt from COVID-19 pandemic may help guide need-based intervention strategies designed for specific target population rather than a one size fits all approach.
A Hegelian approach to resilient communities
Authors: Buck Richard A.
Published: April 2024

This theoretical study draws on the insights of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel to suggest certain aspects of communities and other groups that would tend to make them more resilient in the face of climate change. While Hegel addresses resilient dimensions at the societal level, this study interprets Hegel’s work to derive aspects of groups within society that would tend to make them resilient.
Emergency management and sustainability: Understanding the link between disaster and citizen participation for sustainability efforts and climate change
Authors: Williams Brian Don
Published: April 2024

The goal of this study is to examine how disaster experience influences local government views on citizen participation in addressing issues of sustainability, such as climate change. This study considers concepts such as wicked problems, the social order, the environment, economic development, and citizen participation where sustainability can be considered a solution to help manage and solve the challenges of disaster, like climate change. The data are taken from a 2015 International City/County Management Association national survey that examines the link between disaster and sustainability. The results show that more than half of the respondents do not view public participation as having much of an impact on sustainability; however, we can expect public participation to increasingly impact sustainability efforts as communities experience more disaster. This suggests that emergency management needs to understand public pressures regarding wicked problems, such as climate change, to collectively address the global influence of environmental, economic, and social issues that have local effects on their communities.
Analisis Nilai Budaya Lempar Sirih Pada Pernikahan Adat Jawa di Desa Karang Anyar Kecamatan Aek Kuo Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Utara
Authors: Nirmawan Rista Irianti,
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh banyaknya masyarakat desa Karang Anyar Kecamatan Aek Kuo Kabubaten Labuhan Batu Utara yang bersuku Jawa yang belum mengetahui apa makna dari upacara lempar sirih, fungsi, tujuan dan nilai budaya dan penting bagi kita memperkenalkan, mengajarkan serta memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat terutama pemuda pemudi yang bersuku jawa mengenai upacara lempar sirih pada pernikahan adat Jawa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai budaya yang terkandung dan proses lempar sirih dalam upacara pernikahan adat Jawa di Desa Karang Anyar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa informan yang akan digunakan sebagai narasumber bahkan konsultan yang dapat memberikan informasi dari permasalahan yang sedang diteliti. Instrument penelitian berupa lembaran wawancara yang telah disiapkan oleh peneliti. Data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, catatan dan dokumentasi, dengan cara mengorganisasikan data kedalam kategori, menjabarkan kedalam unit-unit, melakukan sintesa, menyusun kedalam pola, memilih mana yang penting dan yang akan dipelajari, dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat nilai budaya pada pernikahan adat Jawa di Desa Karang Anyar Kec. Aek Kuo Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Utara sebanyak 7 yaitu: nilai agama/religius, 2 nilai spiritual, nilai sosial, 4 nilai kasih sayang, 4 nilai kebaikan dan nilai tanggung jawab. Proses yang dilakukan dengan menyiapkan sirih temu ruas terlebih dahulu sebanyak 7 ikat yang diisi dengan kapur sirih, tembakau hitam, pinang, gambir dan diikat dengan benang putih. untuk mempelai laki-laki 4 ikat sirih dan untuk mempelai perempuan 3 ikat sirih.
Disease prevention measures applicable to primary healthcare clinics
Authors: Kang Jae-Heon
Published: April 2024

Background: Primary healthcare is a cornerstone of the healthcare system, playing a vital role in addressing individual healthcare needs, and organizing and strengthening the national healthcare system. Owing to the rapid growth in healthcare demand and the treatment-focused approach, primary healthcare may face challenges in providing preventive healthcare.Current Concepts: Disease prevention measures in primary healthcare including health education, nutrition counseling, and immunization have demonstrated clinical benefits such as increased life expectancy. Therefore, it is imperative to revise the insurance system and educate individuals on disease prevention practices to reduce disease incidence and control soaring medical expenses. Furthermore, it has been observed that underestimated fees for medical consultation and the absence of compensation for disease prevention measures in primary healthcare may have inadvertently led to excessive prescriptions, while counseling and education are insufficient. Unlike the fee-for-service system in South Korea, the United States has implemented the Affordable Care Act, which offers reimbursement for evidence-based preventive care activities, thus encouraging disease prevention measures.Discussion and Conclusion: South Korea’s healthcare system has undergone a shift towards treatment-focused care due to a rapid increase in medical demand. However, it may be necessary to revise the insurance system and educate individuals on disease prevention practices to reduce disease incidence and medical expenses.
Pharmacotherapy guidelines for smoking cessation in primary healthcare clinics
Authors: Lee Cheol Min , Paek Yu Jin , Seo Yoo Bin , Lee Eon Sook
Published: April 2024

Background: Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death, with smoking cessation representing the most effective strategy to reduce the risk of smoking-related diseases. Pharmacotherapeutic interventions for smoking cessation such as nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline aim to manage the symptoms of nicotine cravings and withdrawal. Evidence-based practice guidelines for pharmacotherapy in smoking cessation have been recently developed in Korea.Current Concepts: Among the general population, varenicline is the recommended first-line therapy for smoking cessation, surpassing nicotine patches and bupropion therapy. Although varenicline is commonly effective, combination therapy with varenicline and a nicotine patches may be considered when varenicline monotherapy is insufficient for managing nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Extended-duration therapy (>12 weeks) has demonstrated greater efficacy compared to standard therapy (6-12 weeks). Varenicline can promote attempts to quit smoking in smokers who are not yet prepared to quit. In cases of smokers with comorbid psychiatric conditions, varenicline is preferred over nicotine patches. The efficacy and safety profiles of smoking cessation medications have been well established in patients with cardiovascular diseases.Discussion and Conclusion: Smoking is a chronic condition associated with a high risk of relapse, emphasizing the crucial role of pharmacotherapy in increasing the success rates of smoking cessation. In accordance with evidence-based smoking cessation guidelines, the careful selection of pharmacotherapeutic agents tailored to individual smokers is pivotal.
Guidelines for physical activity counseling in primary healthcare clinics
Authors: Yang Yun Jun
Published: April 2024

Background: Every person should engage in exercise or physical activity for health benefits. Primary healthcare physicians should assess the physical activity levels of patients and encourage them to exercise.Current Concepts: World Health Organization physical activity guidelines for adults include 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity per week and muscle-strengthening activities for at least two days per week. People over 65 years of age should engage in adult physical activities and exercises to improve balance and prevent falls at least three times per week. Children and adolescents should engage in physical activity for at least 60 minutes daily and high-intensity aerobic physical activity for at least three days per week. Muscle and bone strengthening activities should be performed at least three days per week. Pregnant and postpartum women should regularly engage in physical activity, including moderate-intensity aerobic activity, muscle-strengthening activities, and light stretching exercises.Discussion and Conclusion: Only 16.9% of adults in Korea met the physical activity guidelines in 2020. The percentage was even lower for adolescents, older adults, and women. Therefore, primary healthcare physicians should monitor and encourage physical activity among their patients, although ensuring that they engage in sufficient physical activity is difficult. During clinical practice, counseling methods to improve compliance should be appropriately utilized. Physical activity is part of a healthy lifestyle that should be implemented along with smoking cessation, a reduction in alcohol consumption, and dietary control. Primary healthcare physicians should encourage improvement in patients’ physical activity levels through counseling.
The demographic analysis of women physicians in the leadership of medical societies in South Korea
Authors: Hong Surim , Kim Yun-Hee , Lim Choon Hak
Published: April 2024

Background: As female social participation increases, the importance of femininity in leadership also increases. In Korea in 2021, 26.8% of 132,013 doctors and 35.1% of 3,099 medical students were female. However, no research has been conducted on the gender demographics of medical leaders. This study aims to define Korean medical leadership, investigate the gender ratio, and determine whether the proportion of women leaders differs in the academic and non-academic worlds.Methods: Korean medical leaders were defined as those in director or higher-level positions in organizations affiliated with the Korean Medical Association, 34 organizing societies under the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences (KAMS), and those who held dean and vice dean positions in 40 medical schools. Academic societies comprised KAMS, KAMS-affiliated societies, and medical schools; the rest were classified as non-academic organizations. Data were collected through website, e-mail, or telephonic surveys. Differences in the number of women leaders between academics and non-academics were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results: In total, 1,863 medical leaders were evaluated, with females accounting for 12.6%. The difference in the ratio of female leaders between academic and non-academic societies was not statistically significant (13.1% academic vs. 11.8% non-academic; P=0.445).Conclusion: The proportion of women leaders in the Korean medical field is relatively low compared with that of female doctors and medical students. The number of women in leadership positions and their effect on medical society will be observed periodically.
Percepción de los estudiantes de pregrado en la enseñanza del inglés sobre sus competencias investigativas
Authors: Ferreiro-Santamaria Graciela
Published: April 2024

El fomento de habilidades investigativas emerge como un desafío relevante dentro de la actual esfera académica. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo recabar las percepciones de estudiantes de pregrado de la carrera de enseñanza del inglés en una institución universitaria de carácter privado ubicada en San José, Costa Rica, con el propósito de evaluar la presencia de una cultura investigativa en dicho entorno. Con la finalidad de lograr este cometido, se establecieron ocho dimensiones pertinentes vinculadas a las competencias requeridas para llevar a cabo investigaciones. A partir de estas, se diseñó un cuestionario que, de manera voluntaria, fue completado por 25 participantes que cursaban el programa de licenciatura y 74 que se encontraban inscritos en el programa de bachillerato. Las áreas objeto de análisis comprenden: la valoración atribuida a la investigación, el rol desempeñado por la institución en la promoción de actividades investigativas y la autoevaluación en cuanto a las dimensiones previamente mencionadas. Los resultados obtenidos denotan una percepción notablemente positiva y un sentimiento de satisfacción entre los participantes. No obstante, se identificaron áreas que presentan deficiencias en este ámbito, tales como el análisis de datos, la formulación de problemas de investigación y la elaboración de conclusiones.
Oligarchy and proprietary rights on land in Kenya
Authors: Ndiema Kiptoch William
Published: April 2024

This study sought to discuss oligarchy and proprietary rights on land in Kenya. Oligarch Landownership in Kenya has been a persistent problem, with few monarchs holding the larger tracks of land for their selfish gains, whereas the majority of the population, which comprises marginalised peasants, are left scrambling for the infertile leftovers, enough reason which triggered an investigation, a thorough research into how this came to be and its implications for proprietary rights. Through this research acting as a looking glass into this nightmare haunting most Kenyans, solutions are proposed to improve the solution and ensure that the core of justice and fairness are adhered to. Secondary sources were selected for data analysis from various academic sources and scrutinised for viability for inclusion in the study. A meta-synthesis of the selected samples was conducted, and literature gaps were identified in solutions to the proposed problem. The results from this study indicate that historical, political, and economic aspects in Kenya have played a major role in the grounding of oligarchy land ownership in Kenya. The study's conclusion includes examining the broader implications of oligarchic landownership for Kenya's social, economic, and political development. The study proposes several potential solutions and reforms, including advocating for comprehensive land reforms, fortified land administration systems, empowerment of marginalised groups, and cultivating accountability and transparency in land governance.
Voz, cidade e ficção: Viviane Salles, Jota Mombaça e Guerreiro do Divino Amor
Authors: Santos Thadeu C
Published: April 2024

Este breve artigo propõe-se a analisar como as áreas de atuação para práticas artísticas são criadas no Rio de Janeiro. Essas ações – materiais, com as de Viviane Salles, e abstratas, com as de Guerreiro do Divino Amor – marcam poeticamente o espaço de convívio da cidade, emparelhando a autonomia das criações artísticas às ficções de poder hegemônicas em evidência, como criticado por Jota Mombaça (2016). Apresentamos, a partir das dinâmicas sonoras da voz, poéticas e contrapoéticas que se atritam no campo criativo da poesia, das artes visuais e da performance, compondo frentes de transformação dos territórios codificados em permanente disputa de imaginário, ao mesmo tempo em que aprofundam questões fundamentais para um exercício pleno de direito à cidade, com especial atenção à gestão autônoma de uma agenda para a produção cultural.
Game over para os trabalhadores em plataformas digitais: o adoecimento na lógica do jogo
Authors: Fidalgo Luiza Barreto Braga
Published: April 2024

As plataformas digitais de prestação de serviços marcam o mundo do trabalho no século XXI. Atualmente, cada vez mais trabalhadores se socorrem a aplicativos como Uber, iFood e Loggi, como forma de conseguirem alguma fonte de renda. O trabalho uberizado, por meio da gamificação, tem aptidão para a produção da violência de gestão e a criação de riscos psicossociais, entendidos como uma interação negativa entre as condições de trabalho e as expectativas humanas. Conclui-se que essa técnica de gestão, longe de trazer benefícios aos trabalhadores, precariza as relações de trabalho, através do adoecimento e da ausência de direitos trabalhistas.
Direitos humanos na relação de trabalho: proteção e desafios na aplicação da inteligência artificial
Authors: Monteiro Júnior Francisco José
Published: April 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo verificar alguns desafios que estão postos em face da aplicação da Inteligência Artificial na relação de trabalho, sob a ótica dos direitos humanos, especificamente pelas dificuldades em regular o assunto, avaliando e questionando-se os potenciais riscos de violação de tais direitos e como eles poderão ser protegidos. Para tanto, além da introdução e conclusão, será descrito como a relação entre tecnologia e o mundo laboral tem se apresentado dentro dos limites apontados, especialmente pela escassa produção legislativa sobre o tema, maior uso de tecnologia pelos empregadores e como enfrentar esse dilema. Conclui-se que a aplicação da Inteligência Artificial deve eleger o ser humano como o alvo de suas ações, fazendo-se seu uso de forma responsável, com apoio de normas estrangeiras e verificação de responsabilidade dos agentes envolvidos. Utiliza-se de método dedutivo, bem como pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica e documental por meio de abordagem qualitativa.
Algoritmos, proteção de dados pessoais e direito à explicação nos contratos realidade virtual de trabalho
Authors: Kirtschig Guilherme
Published: April 2024

No presente artigo, busca-se inicialmente descrever o capitalismo cognitivo, e nele contextualizar a sistemática da Produção e Trabalho Flexíveis e os Contratos Realidade Virtual de Trabalho. Prossegue-se expondo os conceitos de Algoritmo e de Controle por Programação que caracterizam esses contratos. Finalmente, discorre-se sobre a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados e a disciplina do Direito à Explicação dela emergente, problematizando-se a repercussão dessa previsão no tratamento automatizado de Dados Pessoais inerente aos Contratos Realidade Virtual de Trabalho.
НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПЕРСОНАЛУ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ
Authors: Грицик Юрій Йосипович
Published: April 2024

У статті наведено розв’язання актуального наукового завдання, пов’язаного із нормативно-правовим регулюванням формування персоналу місцевого самоврядування, та розроблено науково-прикладні підходи, що забезпечують практичне використання отриманих наукових результатів. Відзначено, що підвищення ефективності діяльності персоналу є одним із найактуальніших аспектів формування та функціонування публічної служби, тому важливим чинником політики держави в сучасних умовах якраз і виступає ефективне управління персоналом в органах місцевого самоврядування. В статті розглянуто нормативно-правове регулювання формування персоналу місцевого самоврядування в Україні, яке на даний час регулюється низкою відповідних законодавчих актів, а також національних та міжнародних правових документів. Окремо акцентовано увагу на використанні потенціалу персоналу місцевого самоврядування та на важливих чинниках його формування відповідно до діючого законодавства. Здійснено аналіз діючих норм Конституції України та Закону України «Про державну службу», відповідно до яких відбувається формування персоналу місцевого самоврядування. Розглянуто роль компетентнісного підходу у процесі формування персоналу місцевого самоврядування на основі Закону України «Про державну службу». Відзначено, що покращення нормативно-правового регулювання формування персоналу місцевого самоврядування свідчить про потребу прийняття спеціалізованих законів, які спрямовані на врегулювання питань у досліджуваній сфері. Акцентовано увагу на проблемах, які існують у сфері управління персоналом в органах місцевого самоврядування на даний час і які потребують свого вирішення. Визначено напрями підвищення ефективності формування персоналу місцевого самоврядування та підкреслено, що вони сприятимуть підвищенню результатів формування персоналу місцевого самоврядування та покращенню його діяльності в сучасних умовах. Підсумовано, що у процесі формування персоналу у місцевому самоврядуванні України слід створити усі умови для підготовки висококваліфікованих фахівців.
МЕХАНІЗМ ПРИТЯГНЕННЯ ДО АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ІНОЗЕМЦІВ ТА ОСІБ БЕЗ ГРОМАДЯНСТВА ЗА ПОРУШЕННЯ МІГРАЦІЙНОГО ЗАКОНОДАВСТВА
Authors: Мартьянова Руслана Анатоліївна
Published: April 2024

У статті здійснено дослідження механізму притягнення до адміністративної відповідальності іноземців та осіб без громадянства за порушення законодавства, що забезпечується уповноваженими органами Державної міграційної служби України, з урахуванням внесених змін на підставі Закону України «Про внесення змін до Кодексу України про адміністративні правопорушення щодо вдосконалення законодавства у сфері міграції» від 29.06.2023 р. № 3196-IX [18]. Доведено, що головним детермінантом адміністративної відповідальності іноземців та осіб без громадянства є специфіка їх правового статусу перебування на території України. Визначено правовий статус перебування іноземців та осіб без громадянства, які знаходяться на території України на законних підставах та з порушенням міграційного законодавства, що регулюється КУпАП, законами та іншими нормативно-правовими актами. Розглянуто нормативно-правові акти, які визначають дозволений строк перебування та проживання на території України іноземними громадянами. Визначено та систематизовано адміністративні правопорушення, які свідчать про порушення законодавства про правовий статус іноземців та осіб без громадянства. Визначено порядок здійснення органами Державної міграційної служби заходів спрямованих на забезпечення контролю за перебуванням іноземців на території України, та їх повноваження щодо накладання адміністративного стягнення за порушення законодавства про правовий статус іноземців та осіб без громадянства, невиконання рішення про заборону в’їзду в Україну, невиконання обов’язків приймаючої сторони та незаконне сприяння іноземцям або особам без громадянства в ухиленні від виїзду з України. В ході дослідження зроблено висновок про те, що органи ДМС, в межах свої повноважень, мають право накласти адміністративне стягнення лише у разі встановлення факту адміністративного правопорушення, в тому числі перевищення дозволеного строку перебування іноземцем або особою без громадянства, який на законних підставах здійснив в’їзд на територію України. Запропоновано шляхи вирішення вказаної проблематики.
Technology for obtaining a dry complex of basfrom a plant of the from species Rosa beggeriana Schrenk
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Assetova B.A. , Aituarova A.Sh. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University; Centre for Physico-Chemical Research and Analysis Methods, Zhusupova G.E. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University,   Centre for Physico-Chemical Research and Analysis Methods
Published: April 2024

The study of medicinal plant raw materials as a source for the creation of unique and highly effective medicines based on it is of great importance for the development of pharmacy and medicine in Kazakhstan. Various types of rosehip contain a valuable complex of biologically active compounds (BAC), which causes their widespread use in folk medicine due to antioxidant, antiinflammatory, choleretic and body-strengthening effects, as well as pharmacopoeial objects of both the plants themselves and the medicines obtained on their basis. The object of this study – Rosa beggeriana Schrenk, which grows only in Asia, in particular Kazakhstan, Iran, and some parts of China, and has an almost unexplored valuable arsenal of compounds with biological activity, can increase the share of domestic medicines in the pharmaceutical market of the country. Goals and objectives. The purpose is to identify the suitability of raw material for further use in medicine. Research methods. The research object was collected during the fruiting season along the Ili River in the Almaty region and dried in accordance with recommendations for this type of raw material. In this study, chemical and physicochemical research methods were used. The article presents data on the establishment of the goodness of the studied Rosa beggeriana Schrenk plants and the dry complex of BAC obtained on a comparative context with the wellknown pharmacopoeia species of this plant family of Rosa canina plants, the mineral composition of macro- and microelements and the development of an optimal technology for obtaining a complex of biologically active substances from Rosa beggeriana Schrenk in the form of a dry extract. Conclusion. It has been established that this type of rose hip can be used for medical purposes and is not inferior in quality to the widespread type of rose hip Rosa canina. Parameters were also established under which the highest yield of raw materials can be obtained.
Newpoymeric sorbents with thiacrown-ether groups
Authors:   JSC Almaty Technological University, Kurmanaliev M.K. , Bektenov N.A. ,   JSC Bekturov Institute of Chemical Science, Sadykov K.A. ,   JSC Bekturov Institute of Chemical Science, Bazarbaeva K.Zh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: April 2024

The selectivity of compounds depends on the structure of the ligands in the molecule, the presence of functional groups and donor atoms in it. It is known that the high selectivity of the reagents depends not only on the nature of the donor atoms in the ring, but also on the stability of the ring structure. The preparation of polymers containing a thiacrown ether group is an urgent task, since such groups make it possible to obtain selective sorbents. The purpose of the work: is the synthesis of new selective sorbents containing a thiacrown ether group and the study of their complexing properties with respect to silver ions. Results and discussions: To obtain polymers for this purpose, the reaction of the interaction of a gel and a porous copolymer of chloromethylated styrene and divinylbenzene with aminobenzothiacrown ethers was studied. Using various influencing factors, it was possible to obtain sorbents with a high exchange capacity (2.5 mmol/g). When studying the sorption of silver(I) ions from aqueous solutions by a supramolecular sorbent with a thiacrown ether group, it was shown that the optimal pH value is 6, the contact time is 60 min. The maximum sorption capacityof the sorbent for silver (I) ions reaches 240.8 mg/g. Conclusion: Thus, the ability of the proposed polymer sorbents to complexation depends on the ratio of reagents, the nature of the silver-containing reagent, the size of the macrocycle and the dentinity of the ligand, which is determined by the amount of sulfur in thiacrown esters.
Study of the chemical composition of the rubus vulgaris plant
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Bolatkyzy N. , Nurmakhanova A.S. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Berganaeva G.E. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Dyusebaeva M.A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: April 2024

Rubus vulgaris, a member of the Rosaceae family within the genus Rubus, encompasses a diverse array of woody prickly plants characterized by their herbaceous multicolored or often vertical growth habits, featuring climbing or elongated branches adorned with simple or complex leaves. Among these species, Rubus vulgaris stands out as a shrub renowned for its prized fruits, commonly referred to as blackberries. These fruits hold significant importance due to their multifaceted utility in medicinal, cosmetic, and nutritional domains. Recognized as a concentrated source of valuable nutrients and biologically active compounds with therapeutic potential, Rubus vulgaris earns recognition as a functional food. The fruits and leaves of Rubus vulgaris harbor a rich reservoir of phenolic acids, including ellagic, gallic, caffeic, and p-coumaric acids, alongside flavonoids such as quercetin, hyperoside, kaempferol, myricitin, (+)-catechin, (–)-epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, procyanidin B2, and quercetin-3-D-glucoside. This intricate chemical composition underscores the plant's significance in various industries. Further analysis of Rubus vulgaris composition reveals its moisture content (6.71 %), ash content (3.48 %), extractive substances (16.48 %), organic acids (1.43 %), flavonoids (0.23 %), tannins (1.56 %), alkaloids (3.98 %), coumarin (2.18 %), saponins (3.80 %), and carbohydrates (2.12 %). Additionally, employing multi-element atomic emission spectral analysis unveiled the presence of eight elements in the plant ash, prominently featuring potassium (162 mg/g), calcium (29 mg/g), phosphorus (22 mg/g), and magnesium (20 mg/g). Such comprehensive elucidation of Rubus vulgaris's chemical composition not only underscores its nutritional significance but also paves the way for its utilization in diverse fields ranging from pharmaceuticals to food science and beyond.
Study of the chemical composition of the Acroptilon Repens plant
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Berganayeva G.E. , Dyussebayev B.E. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Sydykbayeva S.A. ,   Ilyas Zhansugurov Zhetysu University, Dyusebaeva M.A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: April 2024

Creeping mustard (Acroptilon repens) is a perennial plant of the Asteraceae family and is one of the most persistent and difficult to eradicate weeds. They are actively fighting it, but the methods of combating it are very complex, high-cost and ineffective. Creeping mustard is used in folk medicine to treat many diseases, but the phytochemical composition of this plant has not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of this work: to study the chemical composition of this plant. This research will help find new sources of biologically active substances (BAS), as well as solve the problem of clogging of agricultural land. Methodology: generally accepted methods for determining the main biologically active substances in plant materials, spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results: the phytochemical analysis of the composition of Acroptilon repens collected in the Almaty region was carried out. The results showed the following characteristics: moisture (11.4%), ash content (6.21%), extractives (22.5%), organic acids (1.9%), flavonoids (3.75%), tannins (0.6%), alkaloids (1.86%), coumarins (1.18%), saponins (2.47%), carbohydrates (2.5%). By multi-element atomic emission analysis, 8 elements were identified in plant ash, with Mg (77.09 μg/ml), K (77.28 μg/ml), Na (34.075 μg/ml) and Ca (28.07 μg/ml) predominant in plant ash. Significant quantities of these elements indicate the high physiological activity of creeping bitterweed. Additionally, a total alcohol extract was obtained (96% ethyl alcohol was used), which was further divided into fractions using petroleum ether, hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol. The ethyl acetate fraction was analyzed using HPLC. The results of the study showed the presence of naringin in the ethyl acetate extract. Conclusion: The results obtained provide important information about the chemical composition of the studied plant Acroptilon repens, which contains a complex of biologically active substances, which may be useful for further scientific and applied research.
Distal Versus Proximal Radial Intervention; Is It Really Worth of It?
Authors: Sarıkamış Çetin , Memiç Sancar Kadriye , Birand Ali , Aktemur Tuğba , Demir Ali Rıza , Doğan İffet , Aydıner Ömer , Aktürk İbrahim Faruk
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Distal transradial approach (dTRA) is a promising technique with a decreased risk of radial artery occlusion and puncture-related injuries. There has been no data which compare dTRA and proximal transradial approach (pTRA) in Turkish population group, so far. Thus, researchers aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the dTRA versus the conventional pTRA in coronary procedures in this study.

Methods: Between September 2021 and June 2022, patients scheduled for transradial angiography at a tertiary cardiac center were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly selected to undergo coronary imaging using either the distal dTRA or the conventional pTRA in equal numbers. A total of 79 patients were randomized to the proximal approach, and 77 patients were randomized to the dTRA. The primary endpoint was defined as procedural failure.

Results: The success rate of cannulation of the dTRA was significantly lower compared to proximal pTRA (pTRA [89.6%] and pTRA [79%] p=0.002). The rate of radial artery thrombotic complications was not different between groups (proxymal %10.6 vs. distal %5.8, p=0.288). The time of cannulation and total procedural time were longer in the dTRA group (20–40 min, median 25 min) compared to the proximal radial group (15–30 min, median 20 min) p = 0.005. However, this did not affect the total scope time duration 3.3 min. (1.6–6.4) versus 2.4 min (1.6–3.7).

Conclusion: dTRA has a relatively long access time with no advantages in terms of thrombotic complications in the radial artery.
Soil-ecological conditions for the growth of rare endangered plant species in Balkash district of Almaty region
Authors: Kozybayeva F. E. , Beiseyeva G. B. , Saparov G. A. , Toktar M. , Sarkulova Zh. S.
Published: April 2024

Soil-ecological studies were carried out in Balkhash district of Almaty region on the left bank of the Ili River, where grow the unique turanga trees included into the Red List - Populus pruinosa Schrenk. Since ancient times, turanga has been considered a sacred, tenacious tree, reaching a height of 15-20 meters, it protects plantings from drying out and waterlogging of soil and, in strong winds, it stops the movement of sand, its roots penetrate deeply and retain surface moisture, as well as groundwater. The trees are in extremely critical situation. There are a lot of fallen trees, in some places cut down, broken, uprooted, sick, infected with parasites. The research object was subjected to anthropogenic degradation, pasture digression and desertification. The soil surface is represented by ordinary gray soil, which forms in the foothill desert-steppe zone. Common gray soils are underdeveloped stony-gravelly medium loamy, sandy and sandy loam and form complexes with alluvial, takyr-like, sandy and solonchak soils. The soil-ecological conditions of Ili barberry - Berberis iliensis Popov - were studied in this area. The condition of barberry is satisfactory; in some places there are dried out thinned shrubs. The overgrazing of animals takes place on the territory, which leads to compaction and decrease in soil water-physical properties.
O PAPEL DO ENFERMEIRO NO COMBATE À VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Souza Marcio Costa de , Dias Luise Barbosa , Correia Lídya Maria Amaral , Santos Emily Souza dos Santos e , Machado Yamaní Eloy de Almeida , Pereira Maria Clara Oliveira , Duarte Ana Clara Oliveira , Marques Jeidson Antônio Morais
Published: April 2024

As violências contra as mulheres são um grave problema de saúde pública que tem atingido o Brasil e o mundo. O objetivo do estudo foi explanar sobre as práticas de enfermagem nos cuidados da mulher violentada que requer aos serviços de saúde, bem como a análise da eficácia desse atendimento na vida dessa vítima. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura, a partir das bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), onde 20 produções científicas que versavam sobre o objeto do estudo foram selecionadas baseadas nos requisitos pré-estabelecidos. Os resultados demonstraram que apesar do papel indispensável dos enfermeiros na identificação das violências e nos cuidados destas mulheres a partir das suas práticas e ferramentas, lamentavelmente, muitos dos profissionais ainda se sentem despreparados e não conseguem realizar a tomada de medidas apropriadas aos casos. Conclui-se, portanto, que a Enfermagem possui um importante papel no combate à violência contra as mulheres, e, por isso, é imprescindível que haja o fortalecimento contínuo dos regulamentos de conduta dos profissionais de saúde no atendimento a esse tipo de violência, além de ser enfatizada a abordagem do assunto dentro de disciplinas voltadas à saúde da mulher, instruindo os futuros profissionais acerca do tema durante a graduação, para que o ciclo de desqualificação seja quebrado.
The Death of Character in Postdramatic Comedy
Authors: Gantar Jure
Published: April 2024

According to Elinor Fuchs, the main characteristic of postmodern theatre and, consequently, the main reason for the decline of the dramatic text as the most important element of classical theatre is the death of character. While the traditional Hegelian view of drama depends heavily on a unified fictional subject, Fuchs argues that both modern and postmodern theatre destabilise and subvert this subject to the degree that we can no longer see it as a coherent whole. Yet, her theory, like Hans-Thies Lehmann’s, has one notable methodological weakness: she almost entirely ignores comedy. Her study omits in its analysis a substantial portion of the repertoire not only of the mainstream but also of fringe and experimental theatres. This paper attempts to rectify this omission and hopes to determine whether character also disappears from postdramatic comedy and not just from serious postdramatic theatre. The analysis focuses on three forms of postmodern comedy that deviate from the traditional narrative format and seem to support Fuchs’s reading: on sketch, stand-up and
improvisational comedy. Using examples from sketch comedy Beyond the Fringe, George Carlin’s stand-up acts and The Second City improvs, the main body of the argument tests the cogency of the basic tenets of Fuchs’s theory. The second part of the paper offers a counterargument and a possible supplement to her hypothesis.
Negligible temperature dependence of the ozone–iodide reaction and implications for oceanic emissions of iodine
Authors: Brown Lucy V. , Pound Ryan J. , Ives Lyndsay S. , Jones Matthew R. , Andrews Stephen J. , Carpenter Lucy J.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The reaction between ozone and iodide is one of the main drivers of tropospheric ozone deposition to the ocean due to the ubiquitous presence of iodide in the ocean surface and its rapid reaction with ozone. Despite the importance of this sea surface reaction for tropospheric ozone deposition and also as the major source of atmospheric iodine, there is uncertainty in its rate and dependence on aqueous-phase temperature. In this work, the kinetics of the heterogeneous second-order reaction between ozone and iodide are investigated using conditions applicable to coupled ocean–atmosphere systems (1 × 10−7–1 × 10−5 M iodide; 40 ppb ozone; 288–303 K; 15.0 psi). The determined Arrhenius parameters of A = 5.4 ± 23.0 × 1010 M-1s-1 and Ea = 7.0 ± 10.5 kJ mol−1 show that the reaction has a negligible positive temperature dependence, which could be weakly negative within errors. This is in contrast to a previous study that found a strong positive activation energy and a pre-exponential factor many orders of magnitude greater than determined here. The re-measured kinetics of ozone and iodide were used to constrain a state-of-the-art sea surface microlayer (SML) model. The model replicated results from a previous laboratory study of the temperature dependence of hypoiodous acid (HOI) and molecular iodine (I2) emissions from an ozone-oxidised iodide solution. This work has significance for the global modelling of the dry deposition of ozone to the ocean and the subsequent emissions of iodine-containing species, thus improving the understanding of the feedback between natural halogens, air quality and climate change.