bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coated Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Keates Richard H , Powell James , Blosser Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

We found that an intraocular lens with a bonded coating of sodium hyaluronate caused less cell damage than an uncoated lens. We also found that an intraocular lens bonded with sodium hyaluronate will provide not only better adherence to viscoelastic materials and endothelial protection, but also may allow for better manipulation of the lens intraocularly. This is the first report of a sodium hyaluronate-coated intraocular lens used to prevent cell damage.
Neodymium:YAG Laser Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation for Glaucoma After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Cohen Elisabeth J , Schwartz Louis W , Luskind Roger D , Parker Anne V , Spaeth George L , Katz L Jay , Arentsen Juan J , Wilson Richard P , Moster Marlene D , Laibson Peter R
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Nd:YAG laser Cyclophotocoagulation (CPCI of the ciliary body is a promising cyclodestructive treatment for the management of refractory glaucoma following penetrating keratoplasty. Twenty-eight eyes (27 patients) were treated between August 1985 and September 1987 and followed 6 to 24 months median, 18 months). The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was initially 39 mm Hg range, 30 to 70 mm Hg) on maximally tolerated medications. The Lasag Microrupter 2 was used in the free-running thermal mode with a mean pulse energy of 4.13 J. The laser was retrofocused 3.6 mm from the conjunctival surface and 30 to 50 applications per treatment (mean, 37.5) were given 2 to 3 mm from the limbus for 360° (71%) or 180° (29%). Multiple treatments were necessary in 13 eyes (46%). After CPG, IOP fell to 22 mm Hg or below in 18 eyes (64%) at 3 months, in 20 of 27 eyes (74%) at 6 months, and in 16 to 24 eyes (67%) at 1 year. Inadequate IOP control in four of 28 eyes necessitated cyclocryotherapy in three patients and a Schocket procedure in one other. Of the 14 dear pre-CPC grafts six (43%) became edematous during follow-up. All of the failed grafts had undergone multiple CPCs.
Gunshot Wounds of the Eye and Orbit
Authors: Chu Alfredo , Levine Mark R
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Gunshot wounds to the globe and orbit require careful evaluation and management. This article highlights five cases of penetrating gunshot injuries, each demonstrating different points to consider when managing the severely traumatized patient. Immediate and late complications are described. Missile velocities of different weapons are detailed, and the mechanism of injury is discussed. Careful preoperative evaluation is stressed as a means of avoiding complications.
Ciliary Sulcus Reconstruction for Posterior Implantation in the Absence of an Intact Posterior Capsule
Authors: Dahan Elie , Salmenson Brian D , Levin Jonathan
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Secondary implantation of a posterior chamber infraocular lens in an aphakic eye devoid of an intact posterior capsule requires a special surgical approach. When lens capsule remnants remain in the periphery, the ciliary sulcus can be reconstructed to accommodate a posterior chamber lens. The fibrotic lens or capsular residues that often remain adherent to the posterior surface of the iris are divided with sharp intraocular scissors, and a shelf is created that is sufficient to support the lens haptics. A series of 28 cases, including 16 involving young children, demonstrates the feasibility and the favorable visual results obtainable with this surgical technique.
Teflon Tubes for Stenting and Bypassing the Lacrimal Drainage Pathways
Authors: Hurwitz Jeffrey J
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

I report my experience using a new tear duct tube made from medical grade Teflon (Dupont) both as a bypass tube in situations in which a Pyrex Jones tube (Gunther Weiss, Portland Oregon) traditionally would be used, as well as a stent through the lower canaliculus, or as a bypass tube placed either through the lower canaliculus or at the inner canthus in connection with canaliculus laceration repair. After relatively brief follow-up, these Teflon tubes appeared to be associated with fewer complications than the Jones tube and in certain instances to offer other advantages as well.
A New Intraocular Lens Formula for High Myopia
Authors: Kora Yukiko , Ochi Toshiyuki , Suzuki Yoichi , Inatomi Makoto , Fukado Yoshinao
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

We developed a formula suitable for calculating intraocular lens power for eyes with axial lengths of 27 mm or greater. We then used this formula in a prospective study to determine its reliability in 32 eyes. In these latter cases the mean error between predictive postoperative refraction and actual postoperative refraction was 0.36 D, with 67% of the cases having less than 1.0 D error; 84% of the cases having less than a 2.0 D error; and no cases having an error greater than 3.0 D. The new formula provided greater accuracy for these highly myopic eyes than the SRK, SRKII, Hollady, and Thompson formulas.
Cryotherapy for Stage 3+ Retinopathy of Prematurity: Visual and Anatomic Results
Authors: Topilow Harvey W , Ackerman Albert L
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Fifty eyes of 25 preterm infants with stage 3+ retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and 180° to 360° of preretinal neovascularization were treated with cryotherapy to ablate the peripheral zone of avascular retina. All neovascularization regressed. Eleven eyes developed traction detachments, eight of which were successfully reattached with scierai buckling surgery. With follow-up of 6 to 70 months (mean, 29 months), visual acuity was 20/30 to 20/60 in 11 of 16 eyes (69%) of eight children old enough to be tested, and 20/100 to 20/200 in three of these eyes. Thus, vision was 20/200 or better in 14 of 16 eyes (87.5%). Visual behavior was normal for their age in 16 infants too young to test. One child developed bilateral inoperable detachments.

We conclude that cryotherapy safely resolves stage 3+ ROP with excellent visual results.
Outcome of Treatment for Bilateral Congenital Cataracts
Authors: Robb Richard M , Petersen Robert A
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The outcome of treatment for bilateral congenital cataracts was studied retrospectively in a group of 51 patients. Two major categories of lens opacities were identified. In the first category, the opacities were extensive and visual impairment was evident early in the first year. These cataracts often occurred in eyes with small corneal diameters and poorly dilating pupils. Postoperative strabismus was nearly universal; nystagmus developed in over 50%; and late onset open-angle glaucoma developed in 8 of the 29 patients studied. Early surgery did not seem to abort the development of nystagmus in this group of patients. In the second category, the lens opacities were partial, often lamellar in configuration, and visual impairment was less severe. Surgery was usually performed after 3 years of age, with good visual results if the opacities were symmetrical and there was no nystagmus. No deprivation amblyopia developed in this group, even when surgery was delayed into the second decade. Strabismus developed postoperatively in about a third, but so far, no delayed open-angle glaucoma has been identified.
Measurement of Progressive Disc Change in Glaucoma
Authors: Heuck M , Sonnsjoe B , Krakau C E T
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

We describe a videographic procedure for detecting minute changes in disc topography of glaucomatous eyes that involves measuring the displacement of selected circumlinear vessels. The problem of recognizing the difference between parallactic errors and true changes in topography is emphasized.
Hypotony Maculopathy Following the Use of Topical Mitomycin C in Glaucoma Filtration Surgery
Authors: Costa Vital P , Wilson Richard P , Moster Marlene R , Schmidt Courtland M , Gandham Sai
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Intraoperative mitomycin C has been shown to be highly effective in increasing the success rate of glaucoma filtration surgery. Between October 1991 and June 1992, 169 eyes of 156 patients underwent filtration procedures with intraoperative mitomycin C. In the postoperative period, five eyes (2.9%) developed hypotony maculopathy, characterized by disc edema, vascular tortuosity, and chorioretinal folds in the macular area. Cryotherapy was applied to three eyes, and was effective in reversing the hypotony in two of them. However, the visual prognosis was poor: after a mean follow up of 5.3 months (range, 3.5 to 8 months), visual acuity returned to preoperative levels in one case. Hypotony maculopathy may develop after glaucoma filtration surgery with intraoperative mitomycin C. We suggest restricting the indication of its adjunctive use to eyes with poor surgical prognosis or those in which a very low intraocular pressure is desired. The use of extra sutures (which can be sectioned by laser) or releasable sutures to prevent excessive filtration in the postoperative period also is advisable.
Computer-Assisted Orbital Surgery
Authors: Klimek Ludger , Wenzel Martin , Mösges Ralph
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

In orbital surgery, deep lesions must be operated on through extremely small approaches. We developed a method (Computer Assisted Surgery or CAS) designed to achieve safer and more precise surgery by providing highly accurate intraoperative information regarding the location of the surgical instrument. The device involved consists of a high-capacity computer that processes computed tomographic (CT) data in real time, connected to a mechanical measuring arm attached to the surgical instrument. From the CT data, the computer calculates a three-dimensional reconstruction and displays the tip of the instrument as a reticle in this model. Using the CAS system, the surgeon is continuously apprised of the precise position of the surgical instrument vis-a-vis all relevant anatomical structures.

We have used CAS successfully in 21 cases of orbital surgery. We have found the system especially useful in dealing with deep-seated tumors, either for biopsy or surgery; in performing orbital and optic nerve decompression; in localizing deep-seated foreign bodies; and in all cases of impaired orientation due to severe bleeding, tumor-destroyed landmarks, or preoperated anatomy. Although the number of patients is too small to yield statistically significant data allowing a comparison of patient outcomes with and without using the system, we have just begun a large prospective clinical trial designed to provide such data.
Trabeculotomy in Juvenile Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Kjer B , Kessing
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Long-term results of trabeculotomy in juvenile primary open-angle glaucoma (JPOAG) were investigated based on a follow-up study of 16 eyes in 11 patients, diagnosed when they were between 10 and 46 years old. Preoperative visual field defects were found in 75% (12/16) of the eyes. After a mean follow up of 7 years (range, 1 to 18 years), 88% (14/16) of the eyes had an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 21 mm Hg or less (peak pressure at diurnal curves). Nine of these were receiving no medical treatment and five were being treated with beta-blockers and/or dipivefrin. The best results were in the younger patients; the success rate of those under age 40 years was 100%. After normalization of IOP, visual field testing showed no progression in defects. We conclude that trabeculotomy rather than filtering surgery should be used to treat JPOAG, because the success rate of filtering surgery decreases with decreasing age. Also, the good functional results achieved in these patients after normalization of IOP may indicate that ocular hypertension is the only risk factor in JPOAG.
Trabeculectomy With 5-Fluorouracil vs Single-Plate Molteno Implantation
Authors: Bluestein Ettaleah C , Stewart William C
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

We compared the results achieved in 22 consecutive patients who underwent single-plate Molteno implantation, with those achieved in a matched group who had trabeculectomy with postoperative 5-fluorouracil. Six months following surgery, the average intraocular pressure (IOP) in the Molteno group was 15.4 ± 8.0 mm Hg, and in the trabeculectomy group, 16.1 ± 5.6 mm Hg (P = .920). A mean of 1.4 antiglaucoma medications were being used in each group (P = .776). Complications following Molteno implantation included six tube revisions and three flat anterior chambers; following trabeculectomy, eight serous choroidal detachments and nine positive Seidel tests. This study suggests that Molteno implantation and trabeculectomy with adjunct i ve 5-fluorouracil provide similar IOP control, but that the two procedures are associated with different types of complications.
Upper Eyelid Retraction After Retinal Detachment Repair
Authors: Mauriello Joseph A , Palydowycz Severin B
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Two patients with high myopia developed unilateral upper eyelid retraction after retinal detachment surgery with superiorly placed scierai buckles and 360-degree encircling elements. The isolated upper eyelid retraction was stable for 16 and 23 years, respectively. Other common causes of eyelid retraction, including cicatricial processes such as thyroidrelated orbitopathy, neurogenic disease, and pseudoretraction of the eyelid, were excluded in both patients. The first patient had no evidence of proptosis or lid lag on downgaze but had exposure keratitis that required recession of Mullet's muscle and conjunctiva. The second patient had Hd lag on downgaze, and orbital computed tomography demonstrated an enlarged eye with an encircling element that caused mild pseudoproptosis. This patient required no treatment. The unilateral upper eyelid retraction did not progress in either patient. Although the exact mechanism of the upper eyelid retraction in these two cases is unclear, previous retinal surgery that involves superiorly placed implants must be considered in the differential diagnosis of unilateral upper eyelid retraction, especially when the patient has a history of pathologic myopia.
Maximal, Three-Wall, Orbital Decompression Through a Coronal Approach
Authors: Goldberg Robert Alan , Weinberg David A , Shorr Norman , Wirta David
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Only lim ited volume expansion is offered by traditional lateral orbital decompressions in which the anterior segment of the lateral wall is removed to allow lateral soft tissue prolapse. A great deal of additional soft tissue expansion can be obtained, not only laterally, but also posteriorly by removing the deep portion of the sphenoid wing. The authors report their experience in removing this bone through a coronal approach.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors performed maximal, three-wall, orbital decompressions through a coronal approach for 20 patients with thyroid-related orbitopathy. A disfiguring proptosis resulting from stable Graves' disease orbitopathy was the indication for surgery in all cases. Through a coronal approach, the lateral rim was left in place and thinned, augmented with specialized orbital rim onlay implants, or repositioned with osteosynthesis systems. The bone over the lacrimal fossa was sculpted to form a "keyhole" for the lacrimal gland, thereby providing additional orbital expansion. Once the medial canthal tendon and lacrimal sac had been elevated from their periosteal attachment, excellent exposure was obtained for medial and inferior orbital decompression.

* RESULTS: The authors report the results of 20 coronal orbital decompressions during a period of 44 months. Seven cases included lateral rim advancement. Up to 6 mm of retrodisplacement was achieved without rim augmentation, 9 mm with rim augmentation.

* DISCUSSION: The deep lateral orbital wall can provide significant room for volume expansion. The authors found that up to 6 mm of proptosis reduction can be obtained using the lateral wall alone. The coronal approach provides access to all four orbital walls for deep orbital decompression. The authors' philosophy of treatment in cases without compressive optic neuropathy is evolving toward the use of the lateral wall as the first approach with the incorporation of additional walls as needed.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:832-843.]
Subconjunctival Versus Peribulbar Anesthesia in Trabeculectomy: A Prospective, Randomized Study
Authors: Azuara-Blanco Augusto , Moster Marlene R , Marr Brian P
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare the use of subconjunctival and peribulbar anesthesia for trabeculectomy.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty patients undergoing trabeculectomy were prospectively randomized to receive either peribulbar or subconjunctival anesthesia. Peribulbar anesthesia consisted of a 3ml inferior and a 1-ml superior injection of a 1:1 mixture of 2% mepivacaine, 0.75% bupivacaine, and hyaluronidase. Subconjunctival anesthesia consisted of a 1- to 2-ml injection of the same mixture without hyaluronidase in the superotemporal quadrant. Intraoperative pain, presence of eye movements, and complications during surgery were evaluated.

* RESULTS: The frequency and intensity of pain was statistically similar between the two groups. All episodes of pain (20% in the subconjunctival group and 6.6% in the peribulbar group) were rated as mild. Eye movement was more common in the subconjunctival group than in the peribulbar group, but it was controlled by verbal command and did not interfere with the procedure. No clinically significant complications occurred during surgery.

* CONCLUSION: Subconjunctival anesthesia is an effective alternative to peribulbar anesthesia for trabeculectomy.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:896-899.]
Complex Retinal Detachment Treated With Silicone Oil or Sulfur Hexafluoride Gas: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hammer Mark , Margo Curtis E , Grizzard W Sanderson
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine if either silicone oil or sulfur hexafluoride gas (SF
6
) is superior to the other in the treatment of complex retinal detachment after previously failed vitreous surgery.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this randomized clinical trial, 18 patients received treatment with silicone oil and 16 patients received SF
6
. The primary outcome was defined as successful anatomic attachment of the retina. Secondary outcomes included the time to retinal detachment, visual acuity, anatomic macular attachment, and any complications of surgery.

RESULTS: The odds of successful reattachment with silicone oil were 50% greater than they were with SF
6
, but this difference was not statistically significant. There were no differences between the two groups in any of the secondary outcomes.

* CONCLUSIONS: This study did not have enough statistical power to detect a small but clinically important difference between the two treatment groups. Physicians must use their clinical judgment to select a vitreal substitute for complex retinal detachment when clinical trials are inconclusive. Data pooling is one method of overcoming the limitation of clinical trials with small sample sizes.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:926-931.]
Fluorescent Microsphere Imaging: A Particle-Tracking Approach to the Hemodynamic Assessment of the Retina and Choroid
Authors: Khoobehi Bahram , Shoelson Brett , Zhang Yu-zhong , Peyman Gholam A
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Quantitative assessment of choriocapillaris circulation has proven difficult. Although the fluorescent vesicle system provides a means of quantifying the retinal circulation, the attempts at imaging fluorescent liposomes in the choroidal microcirculation have been largely unsuccessful. The authors introduce a new tool, fluorescent microsphere imaging, and examine its utility for evaluating the hemodynamics of the retina and choroidal microcirculation. The usefulness of fluorescent microsphere imaging is demonstrated through the examination of the retinal and choroidal circulations of three rhesus monkeys.

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fluorescent microsphere imaging uses polystyrene latex microspheres that incorporate one or more dyes. These microspheres are injected intravenously into an animal and are excited in the eye through the resident lasers of a scanning laser ophtfialmoscope. The excited particles are detected by the ophthalmoscope, and its output is then digitized directly or recorded on a videocassette recorder for subsequent image analysis. Multiple-dye microspheres use the principle of resonance energy transfer for the activation of the final dye in a nonradiative cascade. These microspheres enable the investigator to tailor the excitation and emission spectra of the particles for the investigation of different ocular tissues.

* RESULTS: Using 488/515 microspheres (excitation and emission peaks at 488 nm and 515 nm, respectively), the authors captured images of particles circulating in the perimacular retinal circulation. Shifting excitation and emission spectra toward the red and infrared enabled the imaging of blood flow in progressively deeper tissue. Using 633/825 microspheres, the authors recorded and tracked particles in the microcirculation of the choroid.

* CONCLUSION: The authors' findings suggest that fluorescent microsphere imaging provides images useful for studying the retinal circulation and for evaluating previously inaccessible choroidal hemodynamics.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:937-947.]
Cryoextraction of Orbital Capillary Hemangioma Diagnosed by Technetium99m-Labeled Red Blood Cell Scintigraphy
Authors: Gdal-On Mordechai , Gelfand Yuval A
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The authors report a case of an infant in whom orbital capillary hemangioma was diagnosed using technetium-99m-labeled red blood cell scintigraphy. The tumor was subsequendy removed by transconjunctival cryoextraction. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:954-956.]
Subretinal Fluid Drainage With the Erbium:YAG Laser in Rabbit Eyes
Authors: Kawasaki Atsushi , Ohji Masahito , Lewis John M , Marcellino George , Hida Tetsuo , Tano Yasuo
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the erbium:yttrium- aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) laser for choroidotomy as a means of performing external drainage of subretinal fluid with less risk of choroidal bleeding.

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors tested this application in a rabbit model of retinal detachment by evaluating the effects of EnYAG laser energy on the bare choroid at various energy settings (1, 2, 3, or 5 mj/pulse) and repetition rates (2, 4, 10, or 30 Hz).

RESULTS: Although the choroid was not perforated at low energy and frequency settings, choroidotomy was successfully achieved as energy and repetition rate were increased. Through higher energy levels per pulse and higher repetition rates, choroidotomy was achieved at lower total energy levels. No retinal damage was detected after laser choroidotomy. Choroidal bleeding was noted in 2 of 97 eyes-, however, no subretinal hemorrhage occurred.

* CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the Er: YAG laser may be a clinically useful tool for retinal reattachment surgery.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:1011-1016.]
Intracranial Penetrating Orbital Injury
Authors: Alexandrakis George , Davis Janet L
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The authors report a case of double-penetrating injury of the globe with intracraneal involvement from a pellet gun. A 16-year-old boy had a visual acuity of bare light perception in the left eye after being hit by a pellet. There was an inferior limbal entry site, dense hyphema, and no view of the fundus. Computed tomographic scan showed the pellet intracranially close to the left cavernous sinus. After neurosurgical clearance, the patient underwent primary closure of the corneoscleral entry site followed 3 weeks later by pars plana vitrectomy, lensectomy, and repair of a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. At 12 months postoperatively, visual acuity was 20/300 and the retina was attached. Our case demonstrates the potential for significant visual recovery in some patients with a penetrating orbital injury and intracranial involvement. Complete radiographic evaluation with neurosurgical consultation is important in the management of these patients prior to ophthalmologic intervention with possible foreign body removal. There is a need for more public awareness regarding the potentially harmful effects of pellet guns. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:61-63.]
Massive Corneal and Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Panda Anita , Sharma Namrata , Sen Seema
Published: April 2021

Abstract. A patient with massive, protuberant squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva invading the whole cornea, so as to hang from the surface, was referred with a visual acuity of hand morion near to face. A microscopically-controlled, frozen section guided excision, followed by double-freeze-thaw cryoappli cation to the sclera and the edges of the conjunctival bed and lamello-lamellar sclerokeratoplasty, was performed. Three years later the patient's visual acuity was 20/60 with no evidence of recurrence of the lesion. Frozen section guided excision with adjuvant cryotherapy and lamellar sclerokeratoplasty is a viable therapy for massive squamous cell carcinoma of cornea and conjunctiva. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31: 71-72.]
Alpha-Tocopherol Derivatives and Wound Healing in an Experimental Model of Filtering Surgery
Authors: Larrosa Jose M , Polo Vicente , Ramirez Teresa , Pinilla Isabel , Pablo Luis E , Honrubia Francisco M
Published: April 2021

* OBJECTIVE: To describe the effect of a-tocopherol derivatives (acetate and acid-succinate) on the histopathological characteristics of the surgical fistula in an experimental model of filtering surgery.

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty pigmented rabbits were divided into 3 groups. Twentyfour hours before surgery the animals were injected subconjunctivally with 0.5 mL of solution that depended on the group of treatment: Group 1 (n = 10) 0.75% ethanol in balanced salt solution (BSS); Group 2 (n = 10) 100 µg a-tocopherol-acetate in 0.75% ethanol in BSS; Group 3 (n = 10) 100 µd atocopheryl-acid-succinate in 0.75% ethanol in BSS. Histological findings were evaluated 30 days after surgery.

* RESULTS: The groups treated with a-tocopherol derivatives showed a higher percentage of persistence of the fistula and better intraocular pressure (IOP) control.

* CONCLUSIONS: Alpha-tocopherol derivatives showed antiproliferative properties in this experimental model of filtering surgery.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:131-135.]
Nonsmall Cell Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastatic to the Vitreous Without Fundus Lesions
Authors: Latkany Paul , Ciulla Thomas A , Younger Cheryl , Gao Hua
Published: April 2021

Abstract. A 76-year-old man presented with vitritis in the absence of visible fundus lesions. Vitreal cytologie analysis revealed adenocarcinoma; immunostaining was consistent with a pulmonary origin. This case highlights the need to exclude metastasis to the vitreous in a patient with an oncologie history, even in the absence of visible posterior segment lesions. It also illustrates the utility of immunostaining to better determine the tissue of origin when a metastatic lesion is encountered. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:155-156]
Dome-Shaped Detachment of Premacular Vitreous Cortex in Macular Hole Development
Authors: Mori Keisuke , Abe Tomoatsu , Yoneya Shin
Published: April 2021

* PURPOSE: To clarify the role of the posterior vitreous cortex in macular hole development, we evaluated the follow-up findings of clinical observations and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of macular holes in early stage.

* METHODS: The vitreoretinal tomography was examined and followed in eyes with stage 1 and 2 macular holes with OCT.

* RESULTS: The posterior cortical vitreous was identified in 12 of 17 eyes with early-stage macular holes by OCT (71%). In these eyes, the detached posterior vitreous appeared to be merged to the fovea and the disc. The vitreoretinal separations showed typically dome-shaped. A long scan along the papillomacular axis also delineated the posterior vitreous face as dome-shaped perifoveal vitreous detachment with adhesion to the fovea and disc. Repetitive OCT examinations clearly demonstrated the course of development of the macular hole.

* CONCLUSIONS: The dome-shaped vitreoretinal separation seen with OCT gives rise to an idea that the posterior vitreous cortex may not be taut but slack, and would not cause a continuous fractional force even in early-stage macular holes. This finding brings us an idea that the tangential traction at the fovea may be generated by fluid movements, rather than by contraction of the cortical vitreous.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000:31:205-209]
Retinal Thickness Immediately After Cataract Surgery Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Grewing Ralf , Becker Horst
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in retinal thickness immediately after cataract surgery.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retinal thickness before and 0.5 hours after uneventful cataract surgery was determined in 1 0 patients at 1 5 different points at the posterior pole by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

* RESULTS: The mean retinal thickness at the posterior pole was 251 urn (±30 µ??) before cataract surgery and 249 pm (±25 µ??) after cataract surgery. No statistical difference between pre- and postoperatively values could be evaluated (P = 0.8).

* CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that uncomplicated cataract surgery does not influence retinal thickness immediately postoperatively in eyes without ocular pathologies.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:215-217]
Grayscale and Proportion-Corrected Optical Coherence Tomography Images
Authors: Ishikawa Hiroshi , Gürs-Özden Rabia , Hoh Sek-Tien , Dou Hong-Liang , Liebmann Jeffrey M , Ritch Robert
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The commercially available optical coherence tomography (OCT) scanner displays images in a pre-set window regardless of the projected scan length on the retinal surface. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the true dimensions of proportion-corrected OCT images and the additional information present in grayscale images.

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: OCT raw data were exported to an IBM-compatible PC and processed to show grayscale and proportion-corrected images using an automated software of our own design.

* RESULTS: Eyes with cystoid macular edema and retinal pigment detachment were analyzed. Grayscale images showed a finer gradation of signal reflectance. Scan lengths of 2, 4, 6, and 8 mm on the retinal surface showed different qualitative appearances using proportion-corrected software from the printed or onscreen images.

* CONCLUSIONS: Grayscale OCT images can be used to demonstrate additional information not present in false-color images. The disparity between the standard OCT image format and proportion-corrected images emphasizes the need for quantitative rather than qualitative evaluation of retinal dimensions and internal reflectance.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;3 1:223-228]
Unilateral Macular Retinoschisis with Stellate Foveal Appearance in Two Females with Myopia
Authors: Menchini Ugo , Brancato Rosario , Virgili Gianni , Pierro Luisa
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Stellate foveal retinoschisis is considered the hallmark of X-linked retinoschisis. We describe the finding of unilateral retinoschisis with stellate foveal appearance in 2 females with myopia who had no evidence of familial disease. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography were obtained in both cases. Neither patient had a family history of low vision, night blindness, or retinal detachment. Visual acuity in the affected eyes was 20/50 and 20/25, respectively. Both fellow eyes had normal fundi, except for mild myopic changes. With OCT, widespread retinal splitting was detected at the posterior pole in the affected eyes, whereas the fellow eyes were normal. In one case, OCT showed that foveal retinoschisis represented the macular involvement of a flat inferior retinoschisis, although this was not clinically apparent. Macular retinoschisis with stellate foveal appearance may rarely be associated with pathologic myopia. OCT was useful to establish the true extension of these macular changes. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:229232]
OCT in Successful Surgery of Retinal Detachment Associated with Optic Nerve Head Pit
Authors: Konno Suguru , Akiba Jun , Sato Eiichi , Kurlyama Shuko , Voshida Akitoshi
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The authors describe the course of a patient with retinal detachment associated with optic nerve head pit for whom optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed before and after vitrectomy and gas tamponade. An 1 8-year-old woman presented with macular elevation and a lamellar macular hole associated with optic nerve head pit. OCT showed that the retinal elevation consisted of both separation of the inner and outer retinal layers and detachment of the outer layers from the retinal pigment epithelium. After vitreous surgery and postoperative intraocular gas tamponade, the macular elevation gradually resolved, and OCT showed that improvement in central vision corresponded with flattening of the outer layer detachment in the fovea. OCT is a useful tool for monitoring the therapeutic effect of vitrectomy and gas tamponade for retinal detachment associated with optic nerve head pit. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;3 1:236-239]
Occult Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment in Hyperviscosity Syndrome
Authors: Ogata Nahoko , Ida Hisashi , Takahashi Kanji , Fukuchi Toshic , Uyama Masanobu
Published: April 2021

Abstract. We document and evaluate a serous retinal detachment in a patient with hyperviscocity syndrome. Optical coherence tomographic images of the serous retinal detachment in a patient with hyperviscocity syndrome were correlated with slit-lamp biomicroscopic findings, fundus photographs, fluorescein angiograms, and indocyanine green angiograms. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated venous and capillary bed abnormalities but no leakage or pooling of fluorescein corresponding to the retinal pigment epithelial detachment (PED) beneath the serous retinal detachment. Indocyanine green angiogram disclosed a delay of intrachoroidal circulation. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed a large retinal pigment epithelial detachment beneath the serous retinal detachment. The occult retinal PED beneath the neurosensory retinal detachment was detected only by OCT in a patient with hyperviscosity syndrome. We suggest that gamma globulin, which is the hyperviscosity material, accumulated in the subretinal pigment epithelial space and blocked the leakage or pooling of fluorescein corresponding to the retinal pigment epithelial detachment. [Ophthalmic Sutg Lasers 2000;3 1:248-252]
Cyclodialysis Cleft Diagnosed by Conventional Ultrasonography
Authors: Kaushik Sushmita , Arya Sudesh K , Kochhar Suman , Dhir S P
Published: April 2021

Abstract. This case report describes the diagnosis and management of a traumatic cyclodialysis cleft, in the absence of newer investigating modalities like ultrasonic biomicroscopy (UBM). This entity is ffequendy difficult to recognize clinically owing to the extreme hypotony and media haze that these patients usually present with, which makes gonioscopy particularly taxing. Adding to the diagnostic dilemma is the difficulty in delineating the lesion ultrasonically due to the extreme anterior location of the cleft. In these situations, high frequency ultrasound has been found to be extremely helpful, but the availability of such sophistication is difficult. Presented here is demonstration of the cleft with a microconvex ultrasound probe of 9 MHz frequency. The patient was successfully managed conservatively. This modality could prove to be a valuable adjunct to the diagnosis of such cases even in the situations of nonavailability of high frequency ultrasonography. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:346-349]
Echographic Evidence of Regression of a Periocular Infantile Capillary Hemangioma Treated with Systemic Propranolol
Authors: Wester Sara Tullis , Johnson Thomas E.
Published: April 2021

This article documents quantitative changes in the size of a periocular capillary hemangioma using sequential echographic testing in a patient receiving off-label treatment with systemic propranolol therapy. The patient presented at 7 weeks old with a right periocular capillary hemangioma. Systemic propranolol therapy was elected. Diagnostic B-scan and quantitative A-scan echography documented the lesion size at presentation as 22.3 mm in greatest dimension. The tumor decreased in size to 20.0 mm after 2½ weeks of treatment and 16.0 mm after 6½ weeks of treatment. No adverse side effects have been noted. Echography is an excellent modality for documenting the regression of periocular capillary hemangiomas during treatment with systemic propranolol.
Panuveitis Presumed Secondary to Ibrutinib Therapy
Authors: Arepalli Sruthi , Srivastava Sunil K. , Baynes Kimberly , Venkat Arthi G.
Published: April 2021

Although a small number of cases of secondary uveitis have been documented in the setting of ibrutinib therapy, panuveitis has not previously been described with this medication. The authors describe a presumed case of panuveitis in a patient on ibrutinib for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The purpose of this report is to document a case of asymmetric, bilateral panuveitis in the setting of ibrutinib use. Panuveitis may develop in the setting of ibrutinib use, and local steroid therapy can be successfully used for treatment without cessation of systemic cancer therapy.

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Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:160–164.]
Treatment and Excision of Retinal Capillary Hemangioblastoma
Authors: Cohen Michael N. , Jumper J. Michael , Duker Jay S.
Published: April 2021

This is a case report detailing a pars plana vitrectomy and resection of a retinal capillary hemangioblastoma in a 19-year-old female with a history of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome with secondary retinal detachment and sub-retinal exudates limiting her vision. Intraoperatively, long duration endolaser and generous endodiathermy applied to the feeder vessels are essential to minimize bleeding. Complete and careful resection of the lesion and installation of a silicone oil tamponade are recommended. This technique can allow for retinal reattachment and improvement in visual acuity in advanced cases of secondary retinal detachment.
Experiences from a New Project-Driven and Outcome- Based Educational Concept in a Blasting Engineering Study Program
Authors: Yin Zhiqiang , Liu Zenghui , Zhang Zhixiong , Chang Jucai , Hu Xuelong
Published: April 2021

Blasting engineering is a very comprehensive and practical curriculum. However, the traditional method of teaching this curriculum is relatively simple and emphasizes theory teaching over practice teaching, the introduction of classical methods over the expansion of new methods, and the training of individual abilities over the cultivation of team spirit. To address these problems, a new project-driven teaching method based on the concept of outcomes-based education (OBE) certified by the engineering education specialty was explored in this study. The teaching goals were determined based on the index points of the graduation requirements for mining engineering majors. The teaching process was divided into four stages, namely, project investigation and analysis, project parameter design, project report evaluation, and project display and feedback. The special subject on the deep-hole bench blasting scheme of an open-pit mine was taken as an example to explore the related work that needs to be completed by students in different phases and the related abilities and qualities that need cultivation. Lastly, the limitations in the ability training of students in the teaching process were continuously improved through an evaluation and feedback of teaching quality. Results of a four-year teaching practice show that the OBE-based project-driven teaching method not only effectively overcomes the drawbacks of the traditional teaching method but also effectively improves the comprehensive abilities and qualities of students.
A Weighted Scoring Based Rating Scale to Identify the Severity Level of Mathematics Anxiety in Students
Authors: Tamal Maruf Ahmed , Akter Rabia , Hossain Syed Akhter , Rezaul Karim Mohammed
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the current study was to develop an effective scale that can be used to assess the severity level of Mathematics Anxiety (MA) among students. Generally, measures for assessing MA adopt primitive questionnaires and unweighted rating-scale based approaches which are predominantly intended for a particular range of students. As a consequence, this type of approach is inherently static and not effective to be used widely. To bridge this gap, considering the view of 839 students, the present study has proposed a Weighted Scoring Based Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (WSB-MARS) which represents a more reliable, valid, generalized, and new approach to assess the severity level of mathematics anxiety in students.  Besides, the proposed scale can be implemented as a mobile application that is applicable to the research & education field.
Cooking Class Recommendation Using Content Based Filtering for Improving Chef Learning Practical Skill
Authors: Wibowotomo Budi , Rizal Eris Dwi Septiawan , Akbar Muhammad Iqbal , Kurniawan Dediek Tri
Published: April 2021

Koolinera is a web-based e-learning application about learning to cook Indonesian culinary dishes. Users are free to choose cooking classes. Culinary in Indonesia is very diverse, so many users feel confused in choosing a cooking class. No specific guidance is given to users on tips for choosing a cooking class. Therefore, it is important to develop a feature that can help users to guide the selection of cooking classes, namely by building a cooking class selection recommendation system. Class recommendations are obtained based on the last class taken by the user. The criteria used to determine the recommendations are the similarity of class names, dominant taste of cuisine, category of cuisine, area of origin, and tutor. The algorithm used is Content-Based Filtering with TF-IDF calculations. The recommendations given to users are a list of six cooking classes. Testing is carried out based on black box testing, expert validation, and user testing. The blackbox test carried out states that all functions are running well. The validity test of the media by the validator got a percentage of 96.52%. User testing in the Usability Tetsing Experience section got a percentage of 85.73%, User Acceptance Testing got a percentage of 83.89% and testing the relevance of the recommendation system got a percentage of 88.69%
Bembidiina of Afrotropical Region. 2- Odontium subg. Microserrullula Netolitzky, 1921 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Bembidiina)
Authors: Bonavita Paolo , Vigna Taglianti Augusto
Published: April 2021

The afrotropical species of the subgenus Microserrullula netolitzky, 1921, of the genus Odontium LeConte, 1848 are here revised. We redescribe the three-known species, Odontium aegyptiacum (Dejean, 1831), O. icterodes (Alluaud, 1933) and O. pogonopsis (Alluaud, 1933), and describe four new species: Odontium australe n. sp. (Kenya, Mozambique, Madagascar, South africa); Odontium basilewskyi n. sp. (Democratic Republic of Congo); Odontium okavangum n. sp. (angola, namibia, Zambia); Odontium clarkei n. sp. (Ethiopia). A key for the identification of the african species of the subgenus Microserrullula is presented.
Bembidiina of Afrotropical Region: 3. Bembidion subgenus Peryphus Dejean, 1821 and related subgenera (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Toledano Luca , Bonavita Paolo , Schmidt Joachim
Published: April 2021

The six known Afrotropical species attributed to Bembidion subgenus Peryphus Dejean, 1821 in the previous literature (B. scottustulatum Netolitzky, 1937, B. muscicola Basilewsky, 1953, B. melanocerum Chaudoir, 1876, B. jeanneli Alluaud, 1939, B. sjoestedti Alluaud, 1926 and B. africanum Chaudoir, 1876) are here revised. For one of them, B. muscicola Basilewsky, 1953, secondary homonym of the North American B. (Semicampa) muscicola Hayward, 1897, a synonymy with B. basistriatum Fairmaire, 1893, is proposed. Bembidion basistriatum, B. melanocerum and B. africanum are transferred to the subgenus Ocydromus Clairville, 1806. In addition, B. fontinale Raffray, 1885 currently assigned to the genus Sinechostictus Motschulsky, 1864, is placed into the Bembidion subgenus Ocydromus Clairville, 1806. For B. jeanneli the lectotype and two paralectotypes are designated. Four new species from Ethiopia are also described: Bembidion (Ocydromus) augustovignai n.sp., B. (Ocydromus) melanoceroides n.sp., sister species of B. melanocerum, and two species closely related to B. scottustulatum: B. (Peryphus) damota n.sp. and B. (Peryphus) baleense n.sp.
Inaspettata scoperta di Cimbrodytes heterognathus, eccezionale nuovo genere e nuova specie di Trechino troglobio dell’Altopiano di Asiago (Prealpi vicentine, Veneto) (Coleoptera Carabidae Trechinae)
Authors: Piva Erminio
Published: April 2021

Viene descritto Cimbrodytes heterognathus, nuovo genere e nuova specie di Trechino troglobio scoperto in una grotta dell’Altopiano di Asiago, nelle Prealpi vicentine, Veneto (Coleoptera Carabidae Trechinae). Il nuovo taxon, per il primo protarsomero dilatato nel maschio, si colloca nella linea filetica di Neotrechus (sensu Jeannel, 1928) e si avvicina particolarmente al genere Orotrechus Müller, 1913, con il quale condivide alcuni caratteri morfologici (labium saldato al prebasilare, gruppo omerale di setole ombelicate disaggregato, tibie e tarsi pubescenti, edeago piccolo e semplice, con lobo mediano privo di bulbo basale distinto, lamella copulatrice ritorta, in posizione anisotopa, parameri brevi, lamellari, con alcune setole all’apice in numero variabile). La particolare conformazione mandibolare risulta essere l’unico caso, per ciò eccezionale, fra tutti i Trechini noti.
Graphipterus vignai new species from Zambia (Coleoptera Carabidae, Cyclosomini)
Authors: Giachino Pier Mauro , Allegro Gianni , Sciacky Riccardo
Published: April 2021

Graphipterus vignai n. sp. from kafue River, Lusaka, Zambia, is described. This new species belongs to the “Graphipteri diversitarsi” section (sensu Basilewsky, 1977) and seems closely related to G. lineolatus (Boheman, 1848), sharing part of its distribution area. It can be distinguished by the dorsal side of pygidium completely pubescent and the structure of the aedeagus.
Updated knowledge on Italian Dermaptera with the report of a new alien species: Forficula smyrnensis Audinet-Serville, 1838
Authors: Fontana Paolo , Marangoni Federico , Kočárek Petr , Tirello Paola , Giovagnoli Giacomo , Colacurcio Loris
Published: April 2021

The Dermaptera species number reported for the Italian fauna (27 species) is the most conspicuous among the European Union. The knowledge on Italian Dermaptera is among the most accurate in Europe, above all thanks to the large number of well-known entomologists who, over two centuries, have dedicated themselves to it in depth. Half of the species of Dermaptera known for Italy have indeed been described by Italian entomologists. Four species are alien and some of which have long been acclimatized in Italy. Among these, Forficula smyrnensis Audinet- Serville, 1838, is reported here for the first time from Italy, found in the Marche, Veneto and Emilia Romagna Regions in 2011, 2018 and 2020 respectively. The last record could suggest an acclimatization of this species in Italy. The knowledge of Italian Dermaptera was already very wide and accurate in 1994 when the 36th issue of the Checklist of the Italian fauna was published and even more so after the revision of 2005. The recent revision of the genus Chelidurella Verhoeff, 1902 on a molecular basis has substantially confirmed the great complexity for this genus in Italy and the ongoing research on the genus Chelidura Latreille, 1825 in the central-western Alps could unveil a similar complexity.