bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of qualitative properties of soils during construction works
Authors: Galickova Uliya M.
Published: January 2024

The development of mankind leads to an increase in the number and diversity of sources of environmental pollution. In urban conditions, environmental pollution occurs due to exhaust emissions coming from various cars, leaks of fuel and lubricants coming from various equipment, etc. Analysis of the current state of urban areas shows that the highest concentration of pollutants is present in soils. The article deals with the problem of the territories of construction sites contaminated with combustible substances coming from construction equipment. Based on the conducted studies of the process of penetration of contaminants in the soil, conclusions are drawn about the permissible time interval for the elimination of contaminants. This data can also be used to eliminate leaks in oil pipelines.
Project activities in extreme and space environments
Authors: Rakov Anton P. , Tankeev Pavel V.
Published: January 2024

Project activity in extreme and space conditions has its own specifics and requires a special approach. Extreme and space environments are conditions that differ from normal conditions on Earth. Space environments are even more extreme, people encounter them during flights into space, on space stations and ships. Project activity in such conditions has its own characteristics and requires special knowledge and skills. For example, when designing space stations, it is necessary to take into account the effects of radiation, weightlessness and other factors. In addition to factors that are associated with physical danger to humans, it is important not to lose sight of psychological factors and features of the functioning of “space ecosystems”. Project activities in extreme and space conditions require careful preparation and planning, as well as taking into account all possible risks and problems.
Filtering problem for periodically correlated stochastic sequences with missing observations
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine ”Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Politechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Golichenko I. I. , Moklyachuk M. P. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2024

The problem of the mean-square optimal estimation of the linear functionals which depend on the unknown values of a periodically correlated stochastic sequence from observations of the sequence with missings is considered. Formulas for calculation the mean-square error and the spectral characteristic of the optimal estimate of the functionals are proposed in the case where spectral densities of the sequences are exactly known. Formulas that determine the least favorable spectral densities and the minimax spectral characteristics are proposed in the case of spectral uncertainty, when spectral densities of sequences are not exactly known but the class of admissible spectral densities is given.
Asymptotically normal estimation of parameters of mixed fractional Brownian motion
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ralchenko Kostiantyn , Yakovliev Mykyta ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2024

We investigate the mixed fractional Brownian motion of the form Xt = σ Wt + κ BtH, driven by a standard Brownian motion W and a fractional Brownian motion BH with Hurst parameter H. We consider strongly consistent estimators of unknown model parameters (H, κ, σ) based on the equidistant observations of a trajectory. Joint asymptotic normality of these estimators is proved for H ∈ (0, 1/2) ∪ (1/2, 3/4).
Semiempirical assessment of acoustic loads on the rocket head with a non-standard configuration of launch facilities
Authors:   M. K. Yangel State Design Bureau ", Batutina T. Ya. ,   Pivdenne",   , Dnipro, Oliynik V. N. ,   Institute of Hydromechanics of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: January 2024

The paper deals with assessing the acoustic loads on the surface of a launching rocket obtained using the semiempirical technique NASA SP-8072 adapted for a launch pad located above the water area. The features of the launch facilities include the reduced length of the gas duct and the presence of a wedge-shaped gas-dynamic deflector divided into two symmetrical oppositely directed slopes. The calculations are made with the allowance for the limited length of the rocket jet's laminar core during take-off due to interaction with the gas-dynamic deflector. A corrected dependence is used for the overall acoustic energy distribution along the supersonic jet for the first time in domestic practice. The contributions of the sound sources associated with different jet sections and acoustic reflection from the water surface are assessed, depending on the current height of the rocket lift. A significant dependence of the resulting acoustic field around the rocket head on the length of the horizontal section of the gas duct is noted.
LINGUODIDACTIC INTERPRETATION OF HRYHORII SKOVORODAIN THE EDUCATIONAL TEXT MATERIALS ON UKRAINIANAS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shvets H. D.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the current problem of enriching the educational text materials on Ukrainian as a foreign language. The purpose of the paper is to determine the optimal linguodidactic strategy for the presentation of Hryhorii Skovoroda and his work to foreign students. As a result of the analysis of language textbooks for foreigners, it was established that the two leading strategies for getting to know the most prominent Ukrainian philosopher and his works are designed for different categories of foreigners: students of various specialties and future philologists. In the first case, there are informational texts about Hryhorii Skovoroda and only a few of his adapted fables, which are accompanied by lexical-grammatical and communicative tasks. In the second case, there is a slightly wider palette of artistic texts, a minimal adaptation, the comments with elements of ideological and artistic analysis, the tasks aimed at developing not only communicative competence, but also professional competence (the ability to do literary analysis). The article focuses on the new manual “Catch Skovoroda” of the International Institute of Education, Culture and Diaspora Relations. The concept of the book, its structure, the system of tasks aimed at the comprehensive development of all types of speech activity are characterized. The reference of the manual’s authors primarily to the emotional and motivational spheres of the foreign student’s personality makes it effective to study figures and works that may seem difficult or incomprehensible under the traditional, rationally oriented educational paradigm. A conclusion was made about the effectiveness of educational materials, which are based on the strategies of emotional involvement of the foreign reader and appeal to his personal experience.
Balancing Kits and Balancing Boards by F. Belgau as an Effective Means of Improving Interhemispheric Interaction in Children with Mental Retardation
Authors: Shulakova I.Yu.
Published: January 2024

The paper describes and analyzes effective means of improving the interhemispheric interaction of children with mental retardation. The method of cerebellar stimulation allows you to most effectively organize the correctional and developmental process in working with children to improve interhemispheric interaction, stabilize behavior, overcome disturbances in the vestibular apparatus (problems in coordination and coordination of movements), improve posture, a sense of balance, develop visual-motor and spatial coordination, correct violations in the development of speech, increase the overall level of intelligence. Children in this category often have behavioral and concentration difficulties. Purposeful development of interhemispheric interaction contributes to the correction, including behavioral disorders. For children with mental retardation, a work program “Neuro-fitness for the mind” was compiled. The article presents a study of the results of the program implementation. This practice shows positive results in working with children with mental retardation.
Teenager in Closed Institutions of the Educational System and the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia: Ostracism Experience, Loneliness, Motives of Affiliation, Meaning and Life Orientations
Authors: Boykina E.E. , Radchikov A.S. , Romanova N.M. , Pyatykh G.A. , Kiselev K.A.
Published: January 2024

The article describes the comprehensive study results of a subjective ostracization of adolescents who are in conditions of temporary isolation and a number of social needs deprivation (in closed institutions of the educational system and the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia). To achieve the goal, the task was set to compare with a subgroup that differed in living conditions and living conditions in society, with a fully included in society subgroup. The study involved 995 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years (mean age 16±1 years, 60% female) from closed and open educational institutions (111 and 884 respondents, respectively). The following methods were used: “Ostracism Experience Scale (adolescent, youth)”, “Diagnostics of Affiliation Motives by A. Mehrabian”, “Diagnostics of Subjective Feeling of Loneliness Level by D. Russell and M. Ferguson”, “Self-Esteem Scale by M. Rosenberg”, “Test of Life Orientations D.A. Leontiev”. A paradoxical aspect has been recorded: in the “closed organizations” subgroup the level of subjective ostracization is lower than in the “open organizations” group.
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism And It’s Lifestyle Impact
Authors: A Thahira , Kumar D Thirumal , MS Dhanya , CH Rasitha , Rajan Aswathi , K Pinchulatha , PH Harisree , S Deepthi , I Aiganesh , V Jeyapal , D Dinesh Roy
Published: January 2024

The Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism, with its three main allelic variants (APOE2, APOE3, and APOE4), has gained prominence in genetic research due to its critical implications for human health. This review article offers a concise introduction to the APOE protein polymorphism and its influence on individual’s way of life. The APOE gene encodes apolipoprotein E, a critical component of lipid metabolism that is essential for both cholesterol transport and neuron repair in the central nervous system. APOE ℇ4 raises Alzheimer's risk, ℇ2 protects, and ℇ3 is neutral. Lifestyle choices, such as diet, exercise, and cognitive engagement, predict susceptibility to chronic illnesses like Alzheimer's and cardiovascular disease (CVD). For APOE ℇ4 carriers, a heart-healthy lifestyle can reduce elevated risk, while ℇ2 carriers, being less vulnerable, may need less intervention.
Structural Analysis and Finite Element Methods: Modeling and Simulation in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: M Arangarajan , R Dr. Revathi. , Sivaprasad Rudrala , Alfurhood Badria Sulaiman , Mane Atish
Published: January 2024

This research dives into the space of "Structural Analysis and Finite Element Methods: Modeling and Reenactment in Mechanical Designing," utilizing a multifaceted approach to comprehensively get the mechanical behaviour of building structures. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was utilized to scrutinize a steel structure beneath assorted stacking conditions, uncovering stretch conveyances basic for basic optimization. The study amplified its centre to Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI), unravelling the complex flow between liquid forces and basic reactions, with suggestions for seaward building applications. Warm recreations of composite materials give bits of knowledge into temperature-induced stresses, directing fabric choice and plan alterations in extraordinarily warm situations. Sensitivity investigations and parametric studies methodically investigated plan impacts on auxiliary execution, helping in optimization endeavours. Approval against experimental information guaranteed the precision of numerical recreations, improving their validity.
Fracture behavior of grid structures with periodic and quasiperiodic designs
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kamantsev I. S. , Golodnov A. I. ,   Ural Federal University, Sukhova M. R. ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kornienko O. Yu. ,   Ural Federal University, Belikov S. V. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: January 2024

The failure of grid structures with periodic and quasi-periodic designs under uniaxial compression is investigated. The quasi-periodic cellular structure is built on the principles of biomimicry. Structures characteristic of living nature are used as a prototype. A honeycomb is the prototype for the periodic structure, and the quasiperiodic structure is built with regard to the geometric principles of the skeleton of Aphrocallistes sp. (a sea sponge). It has been found that there is a 24 % increase in effective work spent on the first act of the failure of the object with uniaxial compression in structures with elementary components – imperfect elements that distinguish them from hexagons (the angle between the sides, the size and shape of the cells). The correlation of the failure pattern of the grid structures with periodic and quasiperiodic designs to the amount of work spent on the complete failure of the samples has been established. It has been revealed that, for the samples with a periodic structure, the first act of failure is characterized by the main failure of the intermodal membranes along the entire perimeter, i.e. that it is one-dimensional sequential annular failure. The samples with a quasi-periodic structure are characterized by two-dimensional failure, i.e., for the load-bearing capacity of an object to be significantly reduced, there must be a greater number of destroyed intermodal membranes per unit area and, therefore, a higher density of destroyed elements.
Prospects for improving the mechanical properties of an aluminum-zirconium composite by adding ultrafine Al2O3 powder synthesized by nitrate combustion
Authors:   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pudov V. I. , Komolikov Yu. I. ,   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2024

The paper presents the results of studying the mechanisms of sintering and properties of an Al2O3–ZrO2 composite doped with ultrafine Al2O3 powder (UFP) synthesized by burning nitrates. The material is sintered at temperatures ranging between 1450 and 1550 °C with the analysis of its physical and mechanical properties. It is shown that, as the sintering temperature and Al2O3 UFP concentration increase, linear shrinkage, microhardness, and strength naturally grow (the maximum values at 1550 °С are 27.8%, 19 GPa, and 357 MPa, respectively). The introduction of the Al2O3 UFP into the composite makes it possible to achieve an apparent density of 4.20 g/cm3 even at a sintering temperature of 1550 °С.
Sialorrhoea due to development of salivary fistula after carotid endarterectomy. Diagnostics and treatment. A clinical case
Authors: Vronsky А. S. , Golovacheva Е. А. , Oborin A. A. , Mozgovaya S. V. , Lazarkov P. V. , Prokhorov К. V.
Published: January 2024

Wound complications after carotid endarterectomy are rare ones. One of them is the formation of a salivary fistula due to the damage of the submandibular salivary gland. A factor that increases the likelihood of the damage of the salivary gland is a high bifurcation of the carotid arteries. This article presents a case of conservative treatment of the salivary fistula after carotid endarterectomy. Modern diagnostic methods, consisting in biochemical analysis of the secreted fluid for alpha-amylase, contribute to rapid diagnostics. Treatment with the anticholinergic drug 0.1 % atropine sulfate, 6 drops under the tongue half an hour before each meal, has proved its efficiency. In conjunction with medical treatment, it is necessary to ensure an adequate outflow of saliva from the wound to prevent the formation of salivoma and compression of the airways. Long-term conservative therapy makes it possible to achieve a complete cessation of sialorrhea through a salivary fistula and to eliminate the need for surgical treatment.
Professor Anna Timofeevna Faidysh: 110th anniversary of her birth
Authors: Feldblyum I. V. , Gorelikova E. V. , Sergevnin V. I. , Isaeva N. V. , Devyatkov M. Yu. , Menshikova M. G. , Novgorodova S. D. , Okuneva I. A.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the 110th anniversary of the birth of Anna Timofeevna Faidysh – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology of Perm Medical Institute (1960–1973), honorary member of the Memorial Complex dedicated to the Battle of Stalingrad. Anna Timofeevna graduated with honors from the First Kharkov Medical Institute and took postgraduate studies at the Department of Microbiology. In June 1941, the Great Patriotic War began. For her participation in the military actions, she was awarded two orders and six medals. From 1960 to 1973, Anna Timofeevna worked as the Head of the Department of Epidemiology at Perm Medical institute. In 1965, she defended her doctoral dissertation and became a professor. A.T. Faidysh introduced a course of military epidemiology into the educational process. She is the author of more than 100 scientific papers. Under her leadership, four PhD theses were defended.
On reasons for growth of post-mortem diagnoses of tuberculosis in recent years
Authors: Sergevnin V. I. , Podyukov V. S. , Tukacheva O. V. , Zhuravlev O. S.
Published: January 2024

Objective. To study the incidence of postmortem tuberculosis in the recent years.
Materials and methods. According to the data of the Federal Forms of Statistical Reports for 2013–2022, the tuberculosis incidence and mortality, frequency of postmortem diagnoses of tuberculosis cases, medical aid appealability of population, and coverage of preventive fluorographic examinations were studied on the territory of Perm Region.
Results. It was found that against the background of a decrease in tuberculosis morbidity and mortality from this infection for 2020–2022, the total of all first identified cases showed an increase in the proportion of the postmortem cases of tuberculosis. It was revealed that late diagnostics of tuberculosis is associated with a decrease in the number of requests for medical assistance and the coverage of fluorographic examinations due to COVID-19 epidemic.
Conclusions. The increase in the share of postmortem diagnoses of tuberculosis cases has been noted in the total of all first identified tuberculosis cases for the period of 2020–2022 against the background of a new coronavirus infection epidemic.
Technological Tools Based on Artificial Intelligence in the Sugar Industry: A Bibliometric Analysis and Future Perspectives for Energy Efficiency
Authors: Hernandez-Palma Hugo Gaspar , Plaza Alvarado Jonny Rafael , García Guiliany Jesús Enrique , Moreno Rios Andrea Liliana
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The application of Artificial Intelligence –AI– in industrial sugar production, particularly in sensor data and systems management, is rapidly evolving towards real-time monitoring programs that offer valuable recommendations and decision-making support within the sugar industry. Methodology: This comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 125 Scopus-indexed articles highlights significant trends in the field, including surges in article production during 2017, 2018, 2021, and 2022, accounting for 34% of total publications. Results: Scientific production in this domain grew by 3.93% from 1969 to 2023. Most research (81%) originated from key countries, including Australia, Brazil, India, China, the Philippines, the United States, and France. Prominent journals played a pivotal role, representing 19% of publications. Noteworthy authors include Attard, Everingham, Meng, and Sexton, with four published articles each. Remarkably, 88% of researchers in this field are transitory. This study underscores dynamic growth in artificial intelligence applications in sugar production, emphasizing sustainability in data and systems management. Conclusions: The effective integration of these technologies holds the potential to enhance sustainability practices, optimizing efficiency and quality throughout the sugar production supply chain, thereby contributing to the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal 9. The utilization of artificial intelligence to optimize industrial sugar production represents technological innovation capable of improving the efficiency and infrastructure of the sugar industry, consequently fostering global sustainable development.
Seed morphology of Cuscuta L. (Convolvulaceae) in Turkey and its systematic importance
Authors: Demir İbrahim , Angişhan Fırat , Kaya İlhan
Published: January 2024

Seed morphologies of 14 Cuscuta taxa from Turkey were examined by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Seed shapes, sizes, epidermal cell shapes, anticlinal/periclinal cell walls and surface patterns of macro and micro morphological features were determined. Seed epidermis cell shapes were generally either irregular or polygonal. The surface pattern was mostly reticulate. This research revealed that Cuscuta species in Turkey have different seed morphologies. The results obtained will aid in the taxonomic evaluation of morphologically closely related species.
THY’NİN SOSYAL MEDYA PAZARLAMA AKTİVİTELERİNİN MARKA GÜVENİ VE MARKA TERCİHİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: Begtimur Mehmet Emin , Alizade Parisa
Published: January 2024

Günümüz dünyasının hızla değişen pazar koşullarında her hangi bir marka ya da ürünün kaliteli, düşük maliyetli ve kullanışlı olarak üretilmesiyle birlikte, üretilen marka, ürün ya da hizmetin uygun metot ve araçlarla tanıtılması, pazarlanması, reklamının yapılması ve müşterilerle ürün arasında olumlu bir bağın inşa edilmesi hayati önem arz etmektedir. Yüksek teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte dijitalleşen işletmeler, pazarlama faaliyetlerinde geleneksel yöntemlerden vazgeçerek sosyal medya araçlarını yoğun olarak kullanmaya başlamıştır. Geleneksel pazarlama tekniklerinin aksine sosyal medya pazarlama aktiviteleri az zaman, düşük maliyet, kısıtlı zamana ve fiziksel mekâna ihtiyaç duyulmaması, hızlılık, çift yönlülük, geniş kitlelere ulaşabilme gibi avantajlara sahip olması nedeniyle büyük, orta ve küçük ölçekli işletmeler tarafından etkin bir biçimde kullanılmaktadır. Çalışma, Türk Hava Yolları’nın sosyal medya pazarlama aktivitelerinin marka güveni ve marka tercihi üzerindeki etkisini ölçmeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu amaçla öncelikle geniş çaplı literatür araştırması yapılarak hipotezler ve kavramsal model oluşturulmuştur. Veriler, Türkiye’de yaşayan ve THY’nın sosyal medya platformlarını kullanan 453 kişi üzerinde uygulanan anketlerle toplanmıştır. Hipotezleri test etmek için regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Türk Hava Yolları’nın sosyal medya pazarlama aktivitelerinin marka güveni ve marka tercihi üzerinde kayda değer etkisinin olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca bu değişkenlerin farklı değişkenlerle olan ilişkisi saptanmıştır.
TURİST REHBERLERİ GÖZÜNDEN İZNİK TURİZMİNİN SWOT ANALİZİ
Authors: Acun Köksalanlar Ayşen
Published: January 2024

Tarih öncesi dönemlerden beri önemli bir yerleşim yeri olan İznik tarih, kültür ve turizm kentidir. Dört medeniyete başkentlik yapmış olması, Hristiyanlık için önemli iki konsilin burada toplanmış olması, Selçuklu ve Osmanlı izlerini taşıması nedeni ile İznik turizm açısından değerlidir. Sahip olduğu bu mirası anlatacak ve tanıtacak olan kişiler ise turist rehberleridir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada İznik turizminin SWOT analizi turist rehberlerinin gözünden değerlendirilmiştir. Turist rehberlerine İznik turizminin güçlü, zayıf yanları, fırsat ve tehditleri sorulmuştur. Ayrıca turist rehberlerine İznik’te hangi turizm türü geliştirilebilir ve İznik turizmi için çözüm önerileriniz nelerdir şeklinde iki soru daha yöneltilmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak 68 turist rehberi ile 1-30 Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında telefon görüşmesi yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerin sonuçları MAXQDA 2022 programında içerik analizi yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda İznik turizminin güçlü yanlarında birinci sırada “Tarihi” kodu, zayıf yanlarında ise birinci sırada “Fiziki Çevre Sıkıntısı” kodu gelmektedir. İznik turizminin fırsatlarında “İznik’te Tarihi Noktaların Birbirine Yakın Olması” birinci sırada gelirken, tehditlerinde ise “Kaçak Rehberler” ilk sırada yer almaktadır. Turist rehberleri İznik’te inanç turizminin geliştirilmesi gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca reklam çalışmalarına ağırlık verilmesi gerektiği, İznik’e daha fazla tur düzenlenmesi gerektiği de araştırmanın diğer sonuçlarındandır.
ŞEREF HANIM’IN ŞİİRLERİNDE ŞEYH GÂLİB ETKİSİ: “EYLERDİ YÂR” REDİFLİ GAZELİ BAĞLAMINDA
Authors: Kuzu Fettah
Published: January 2024

Klasik Türk şiirine rağbetin, yerini Batı tarzı şiire bırakmaya başladığı bir dönemde geleneğe bağlı eser verme gayretinde olan şairlerden biri de Şeref Hanım’dır.
19. yüzyıl Osmanlı toplumunda, özellikle dönemin bir kadın için sosyal hayatta kısıtlı sayılabilecek imkânlarına rağmen Şeref Hanım kendini yetiştirebilmiş, klasik şiir geleneğini özümsemiş ve eserlerinde klasik şiir malzemesini kurallarına uygun biçimde işleyebilmiş bir sanatkârdır. Şairin, Dîvânı’nda farklı nazım şekilleriyle kaleme almış olduğu şiirleri, bu şiirlerdeki semboller, edebî sanatlar ve mazmunları kullanmadaki başarısı, şiirlerin tematik kurgusu ve işlenen konulara hâkimiyeti, onun edebî kişiliği hakkında önemli ipuçları sunmaktadır. Ancak onun özellikle bir kadın olmasından kaynaklı zorluklar, sanatına da olumsuz yansımıştır. Şeref Hanım’ın, özellikle aynı kafiye ve redif seçimiyle kaleme aldığı gazellerinde açık bir Şeyh Gâlib etkisi görülmektedir. Kendisi Mevlevî olan Şeref Hanım, Şeyh Gâlib’in vefatından kısa bir zaman sonra dünyaya gelmiş, onun Türk şiirindeki şöhretinden etkilenmiş ve onun bir Mevlevî şeyhi olmasından dolayı kendi edebî gelişiminde ondan ilham almıştır. Şiirlerinden anlaşılacağı üzere Şeref Hanım iyi eğitim almış, bir kadın olarak dönemi için kendini iyi yetiştirmiş entelektüel bir şairdir. Bu çalışmada Şeref Hanım’ın, “eylerdi yâr” redifli gazeli örneğinde aynı redifli bir gazeli bulunan Şeyh Gâlib’den ne ölçüde etkilenmiş olduğu, iki şairin farklı şiirlerinden benzer beyitlerin de incelenmesiyle ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
An Ultra-Brief Proxy Measure for Early Mental and Substance Use Disorders and Suicide Risk Case Detection at the Community and Household Level: An Efficient and Feasible Clinical and Population-level Service Needs Screening Tool
Authors: Stockton Melissa
Published: January 2024

Valid mental and substance use disorders and suicide risk screening tools are needed for community case finding of individuals who may not otherwise seek care. We evaluated the Proxy Mental Wellness Tool-3 (mwTool-3-proxy) a three-item screener that asks about the mental health of another adult, against a diagnostic gold standard in Mozambique and South Africa. The mwTool-3-proxy adapts the three items of the Mental Wellness Tool-3, developed in Mozambique using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) diagnoses as the criterion standard, regression modeling and expert consultation to determine the best three items for identifying any mental disorder. The Mental Wellness Tool-3 has been validated in South Africa, Spain and the United States, and is being validated in three countries in the Asia-Pacific and Israel. Pairs of adults in South Africa and Mozambique at primary and tertiary healthcare facilities were separately screened with the mwTool-3-proxy and diagnosed using the MINI. We calculated the sensitivities and specificities for predicting any mental and/or substance use disorder and suicide risk among the proxy individual. We performed additional analyses restricted to respondents who were relatives of one another and who lived in the same household. The prevalence of any MINI-diagnosed disorder among the 229 pairs in both countries was 35.2% (38.5% in Mozambique; 32.1% in South Africa). The pooled sensitivity of the mwTool-3- proxy for identifying any disorder among the proxy individual was 72.67 (95%CI: 65.10-79.39) – 70.24 (95%CI: 59.27-79.73) in Mozambique and 75.32 (95%CI 64.18-84.44) in South Africa. The mwTool-3-proxy is a culturally-relevant, ultra-brief valid measure that can improve mental and substance use disorders and suicide risk case detection with strong sensitivity at the community and household level and offer a means to efficiently and feasibly collect clinical and population-level service needs data.
Femtosecond Laser Applications in Ophthalmic Surgery
Authors: Suh Rebecca , DeBroff Brian
Published: January 2024

Femtosecond laser’s ultra-fast pulse duration results in a precise cut with low thermal energy. This precise and directed energy with low collateral tissue damage has been shown to be advantageous for ocular surgery with proven safety and reproducibility. The history and science, of femtosecond lasers as well as their evolution in eye surgery is discussed. The practical and current use of femtosecond laser in eye surgery is presented including its application in laser assisted cataract surgery, laser assisted ketatomileusis flap creation, intracorneal ring segment placement, femtosecond lenticle extraction, small incision lenticle extraction, creation of tunnels for presbyopic correcting corneal inlays, and femtosecond laser assisted penetrating keratoplasty. In each of these applications, the benefits and risks of the femtosecond laser procedure are reviewed and potential future applications of femtosecond in the field of Ophthalmic Surgery are discussed.
Exploring the importance of kynurenine pathway (KP) approaches in colorectal cancer (CRC)
Authors: Patel Tulsi Dipakbhai , Gunjan  , Vanteddu Venkata Gangadhar
Published: January 2024

One of the main causes of cancer-related fatalities is colorectal cancer (CRC). The majority of patients frequently receive a late diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) due to the absence of accurate prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Furthermore, greater metastasis and shorter survival rates were seen in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Recent advances in cancer treatment have been made possible by therapeutic immune system potentiation. The immune system and the kynurenine pathway (KP) are closely related. As a result of kynurenine's promotion of T Reg (regulatory) differentiation, more anti-inflammatory cytokines are produced and the cytotoxic activity of T cells is suppressed. In malignancies, the overactivation of the kynurenine pathway (KP) creates a micro environment where mutant cells can survive and invade neighboring tissues.

The poor prognosis of several cancers, including gastrointestinal cancers, gynecological cancers, hematologic malignancies, breast cancer, lung cancer, glioma, melanoma, prostate cancer, and pancreatic cancer, is predicted by overactivation of the kynurenine pathway (KP), particularly the overactivation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Additionally, kynurenine promotes cancer cell invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance. The evolving understanding of the kynurenine pathway (KP) and its use in colorectal cancer (CRC) is covered in this review.

An essential amino acid called tryptophan can be processed by several different pathways, with the kynurenine pathway (KP) being one of the more important ones. Kynurenine (KYN) is recognized as an oncometabolite in colon cancer, and colorectal cancer (CRC) that results from its subsequent metabolites. For several physiological activities, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a crucial enzyme that catalyzes kynurenine metabolism, is required.

We talked about IDO's role in colorectal cancer (CRC) in this review. IDO knockdown decreased the expression of cancer stem cell markers as well as the ability of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to migrate and invade. The application of an inhibitor to restrict the enzymatic activity of IDO also prevented the formation of spheres and hindered cell motility in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. These findings demonstrate the clinical significance of IDO in the growth and tumorigenicity of colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors.
A review on phytochemical screening and pharmacological activities of fruit of Indian mallow
Authors: Pavithra P. , Kavimani S , Pavazhaviji P , Hemalatha A , Snega R
Published: January 2024

a native traditional plant commonly known as Indian Mallow, is a versatile plant species that brings enormous amounts of medicinal uses from the history of traditional culture. This review emphasizes the current body of knowledge surrounding the effects of , highlighting its potential therapeutic application. The plant is well renowned for its diverse phytochemical composition, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and polysaccharides, which contribute to its wide-ranging biological activity. It has been discovered through research that Abutilon indicum extracts possess noteworthy pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, and hepatoprotective properties. In addition to its immunomodulatory effects, larvicidal, anti-convulsant, neuroprotective, and cognitive-enhancing capacities have gained attention in recent years and serve as natural alternatives to available allopathic medicine.

The focus of the review revolves around various noteworthy pharmacological effects of , including its anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-convulsant properties. Furthermore, the examination of the plant extracts' phytochemical composition is also emphasized.

Those activities were discussed and reported with standard methods and compared with the available standard drugs. Overall, this comprehensive review provides valuable insights into the pharmacological effects of , underscoring its potential as a source of novel therapeutic agents and paving the way for future research and development.
Efficacy of Metoprolol and Apixaban in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases: A meta-analysis
Authors: Mavila Prajila , Jamali M C
Published: January 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of health problems and death worldwide.

To review the efficacy of Metoprolol and Apixaban in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases by meta-analysis studies.

Various databases like PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate were used to collect the related studies that were published in English during the years 1980-2013. Only Random Clinical Trials (RCT) were included in this analysis. Risk bias assessment was according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systemic Reviews of the Interventions 6.4. Meta-analysis was done with the help of RevMan 5.4 software.

A total of 10 (one study with different drug concentrations) related articles with 33312 patients were selected for this meta-analysis. In the Metoprolol-treated observation group of patients, the rate of cardiovascular mortality/morbidity [M.H=0.80,95%CI=0.67-0.95, Z=2.5, and P=0.01] was lower and in Apixaban-treated patients [M.H=0.32,95%CI=0.08-1.19, Z=1.7 and P=0.09] the rate of cardiovascular mortality/morbidity were higher and the difference was noted.

It's clear that Apixaban and Metoprolol have a great role in treating cardiovascular diseases. The authors however acknowledge the presence of publication bias and limitations stemming from small sample sizes in some studies, demonstrating a critical and unbiased approach to analysis. Furthermore, it wisely calls for future research endeavors with larger sample sizes, contributing to the ongoing enhancement of treatments for cardiovascular diseases. This balanced and forward-looking analysis consolidates the importance of pharmaceutical interventions in managing cardiovascular diseases.
Baerveldt glaucoma implant with Supramid© ripcord stent in neovascular glaucoma: a case series
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia, Gan Yuen Keat , Jalal Muhammad Irfan Abdul ,   UKM Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia, Din Norshamsiah Md ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
Published: January 2024

AIM: To report the outcome of Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) with Supramid© ripcord use in neovascular glaucoma (NVG).
METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the surgical outcome of the BGI with Supramid© 3/0 ripcord stent in patients with NVG. No tube ligation or venting slits were performed. Supramid was removed after 3mo if the target intraocular pressure (IOP) was not achieved. Surgical success was defined as IOP≤21 mm Hg with (qualified success) or without IOP-lowering medications (complete success).
RESULTS: Twenty-six eyes from 24 patients were included in the study. The median duration of follow-up was 4 [interquartile range (IQR)=1-5]y, ranging from 0.5 to 5y. IOP decreased by a mean of 24.2 mm Hg (59.7%); from a mean of 40.5±12.6 mm Hg at baseline to 16.3±11.9 mm Hg, P≤0.001. The number of glaucoma medications reduced from a median of 5 (IQR=5-6) to 1 (IQR=0-2, P≤0.001) at the final follow-up. Overall success rates were 88.0% at 1y, 34.8% at 3y, 66.7% at 4y, and 50% at 5y. Hypertensive phase (HP) in the first 3mo occurred in 15/26 eyes (57.7%) with a mean IOP of 31.1 mm Hg.
CONCLUSION: BGI with Supramid© ripcord stent gives close to 90% of the overall survival rate at the final follow-up without significant early hypotony. However, early HP is still a challenge.
RDH12-associated retinal degeneration caused by a homozygous pathogenic variant of 146C>T and literature review
Authors:   Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China, Li Jin , Cheng Hong-Bo ,   Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China, Wang Ting ,   Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China, Kuang Long-Hao ,   Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China, Huang Tao ,   Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China, Yan Xiao-He ,   Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China
Published: January 2024

AIM: To describe the clinical, electrophysiological, and genetic features of an unusual case with an RDH12 homozygous pathogenic variant and reviewed the characteristics of the patients reported with the same variant.
METHODS: The patient underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination including best-corrected visual acuity, anterior segment and dilated fundus, visual field, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and electroretinogram (ERG). The retinal disease panel genes were sequenced through chip capture high-throughput sequencing and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the result. Then we reviewed the characteristics of the patients reported with the same variant.
RESULTS: A 30-year male presented with severe early retinal degeneration who complained night blindness, decreased visual acuity, vitreous floaters and amaurosis fugax. The best corrected vision was 0.04 OD and 0.12 OS, respectively. The fundus photo and OCT showed bilateral macular atrophy but larger areas of macular atrophy in the left eye. Autofluorescence shows bilateral symmetrical hypo-autofluorescence. ERG revealed that the amplitudes of a- and b-wave were severely decreased. Multifocal ERG showed decreased amplitudes in the local macular area. A homozygous missense variant c.146C>T (chr14:68191267) was found. The clinical characteristics of a total of 13 patients reported with the same pathologic variant varied.
CONCLUSION: An unusual patient with a homozygous pathogenic variant in the c.146C>T of RDH12 which causes late-onset and asymmetric retinal degeneration are reported. The clinical manifestations of the patient with multimodal retinal imaging and functional examinations have enriched our understanding of this disease.
Two different autorefractors for vision screening in children and adolescents
Authors:   School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Chen Xiao-Jun , Sun Bing ,   School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Jiang Dan-Dan ,   National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027,  Zhejiang Province, China, Zuo Shu-Shu ,   School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Wang Yan-Hui ,   School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Zhang Chun-Hua ,   School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Chen Yan-Yan ,   National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027,  Zhejiang Province, China
Published: January 2024

AIM: To compare the consistency of two autorefractors (Tianle RM-9000 and Topcon KR-800) for school-age myopia children, and to provide a basis for largescale data analysis and comparison.
METHODS: The refractive error in 909 subjects (age 4–18y) were measured using both autorefractors without cycloplegia. The data were analyzed using Fourier decomposition and the correlation coefficients, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and Bland-Altman limits of agreement (LoA) for each parameter were calculated.
RESULTS: There was a strong correlation between the spherical equivalent (SE), sphere diopter (DS), and cylinder diopter (DC) readings of the Tianle RM-9000 and those of the Topcon KR-800, with correlation coefficient values of 0.98, 0.98 and 0.83 and ICC values of 0.99, 0.99 and 0.93, respectively. However, the correlation coefficients and ICC values of J0 and J45 were unreliable (R=-0.004, -0.034; both ICC<0.10). Bland-Altman analysis revealed that SE, DS, and DC measured by the Tianle RM-9000 were significantly biased toward myopia compared with the Topcon KR-800, and the mean differences were -0.072, -0.026, -0.091 D, respectively (all P<0.01). The minimum absolute value of the difference within the 95% LoA for SE, DS, and DC was 0.63 D, 0.50 D, 0.62 D, respectively; all these values were in the clinically acceptable range. For J0 and J45, the mean differences were close to zero (P=0.43, 0.84); however, the 95% LoA were relatively wide (J0 SD: 0.53; 95%CI: -1.00, 1.10; J45 SD: 0.52; 95%CI: -1.00, 1.00).
CONCLUSION: The two autorefractors are consistent with each other, as the differences in SE, DS, and DC were within the clinically acceptable range. Readers can compare the data measured by either device in different studies and use the two devices in the same study to generate a dataset that can be analyzed together. However, the J0 and J45 vectors are unreliable and should not be used to assess astigmatism.
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes with implantable collamer lens
Authors:   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China, Li Jun , Li Jia-Qing ,   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China, Liang Xiao-Ling ,   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China, Zhang Chun ,   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
Published: January 2024

AIM: To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment methods and outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in highly myopic eyes with implantable collamer lens (ICL).
METHODS: High myopia patients who received treatment for nontraumatic RRD after ICL implantation surgery at the Retinal Department of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from Jan 2018 to Dec 2022 were reviewed. Comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations including visual acuity measurement and digital fundus photography were performed in each patient.
RESULTS: A total of nine RRD eyes from nine patients who received V4c-ICL implantation were included. The mean time from ICL implantation surgery to the diagnosis of RRD was 32.44±22.56mo (range, 1-60mo). At the initial visit for RRD, giant retinal tear (GRT), horseshoe tear, simple round hole, and horseshoe tear combined with round hole were detected in 3, 3, 2, and 1 eye(s), respectively, with macula-off in eyes. Eight patients received surgical treatment, and one patient was treated by retinal laser photocoagulation alone. The ICL was preserved in 7 eyes. At the last follow-up, the mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved significantly from 1.76±1.06 logMAR at presentation to 0.81±1.01 logMAR (P=0.035), and no case of recurrent retinal detachment was found.
CONCLUSION: The morphological presentation of retinal breaks is diverse in this study. The ICL can be preserved in most cases during the course of retinal detachment repair surgery in our data, companied with acceptable visual and anatomical outcomes.
Obraz rodziny znajdujący odzwierciedlenie w Karcie Praw Rodziny
Authors: Zawadzka Edyta
Published: January 2024

Celem tekstu jest dokonanie, na bazie metody analizy pola semantycznego, charakterystyki jednego z wariantów postrzegania rodziny. Tekstem stanowiącym źródło prowadzonej refleksji o charakterze empirycznym jest Karta Praw Rodziny, co uzasadnione jest czynnikami związanymi z celami i adresatami dokumentu, wątkami antropologicznymi stanowiącymi przesłanki założeniowe jego treści, a także zastosowanym w jego konstruowaniu podejściem syntezującym podejścia reprezentujące myśl Kościoła oraz wspólnot międzynarodowych.

Zgodnie z założeniami metody analizy pola semantycznego wymagającej „pozornego rozłożenia ciągu wypowiedzeniowego i porządku wypowiedzi po to, by złożyć je na powrót zgodnie z czytelnością znaczącą”, w treści Karty Praw Rodziny poszukiwano 6 rodzajów fraz – ekwiwalentów, określeń, asocjacji, opozycji, działań podmiotu i wobec podmiotu. Implikacją ich wewnętrznego zróżnicowania jest stworzenie płaszczyzny do kompleksowego opisania obrazu rodziny w analizowanym dokumencie.

Główny wniosek z przeprowadzonej analizy wyraża się w stwierdzeniu, że obraz rodziny przedstawiony w „Karcie Praw Rodziny” ma wymiar kontekstualny oraz jest mozaiką podejść o charakterze uniwersalnym oraz wpisujących się w społeczną naukę Kościoła.
Współczesne rodzicielstwo w perspektywie pedagogiki
Authors: Matyjas Bożena
Published: January 2024

Artykuł ma charakter analityczny, został napisany na podstawie literatury naukowej, głównie pedagogicznej. Jego celem jest przedstawienie współczesnego rodzicielstwa w ujęciu pedagogiki rozumianej jako proces wychowania i socjalizacji dziecka. Wyjaśniono pojęcie rodzicielstwa, wyróżniono i krótko przedstawiono jego rodzaje oraz atrybuty. Ponadto scharakteryzowano czynniki makro- i mikrospołeczne wpływające na wypełnianie przez rodziców swoich ról rodzicielskich (macierzyńskich i ojcowskich), wskazując na ich wzajemną zależność. W artykule znajdują się też rozważania dotyczące rodzicielstwa rozpatrywanego jako proces wspólnego rozwoju rodziców i dzieci (obustronność oddziaływań). Zwrócono także uwagę na zaspokajanie potrzeb dzieci, ich rozwój, integralne wychowanie, tj. realizację przez rodziców funkcji opiekuńczo-‑wychowawczej i socjalizacyjnej, które stanowią w pedagogice przedmiot zainteresowań poddawany wieloaspektowym analizom.