bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cross sectional study on Knowledge, Attitude and Level of preparedness of medical interns in a teaching hospital from India on Antibiotic use and Antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Scariah Kunjumary , U keerthi , Rajan boney , P vinod
Published: January 2025

Background: The topic of antibiotic resistance is part of the Indian medical under graduate curriculum, yet the newly passed out medical interns finds it difficult to prescribe the appropriate antibiotics when they practice. The impact of teaching about antimicrobial resistance and misuse in medical colleges still remain uncertain. Aim: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and level of preparedness regarding antibiotic resistance among medical interns from a teaching hospital in Kerala, India. Methods: This questionnaire-based study evaluated the knowledge, attitude, and level of preparedness among medical interns towards antibiotic resistance. The assessment included 20 knowledge questions (max score: 26), five attitude questions (max score: 5), and eight preparedness questions (max score: 8). A passing score of 60% was set for each category, with scores below this threshold considered poor performance. Participants included interns from the 2018 batch, nearing the end of their internship, and those from the 2019 batch, who had just started their training. This study was done from June 2024 to October 2024. Results: The study involved 85 interns (43 from 2018 batch and 42 from 2019 batch). Results indicated that 98.8% (84) had a strong understanding of antibiotics, but only 44.7% (38) recognized antibiotic resistance, and 47.1% (40) could analyse clinical scenarios. Alarmingly, 55.3% (47) and 52.9% (45) lacked knowledge in these areas. Overall, 70.6% (60) understood antibiotic use well, while 29.4% (25) did not. Towards attitude, 94.1% (80) had good score, but 43.5% (37) and 37.6% (32) had poor score on over-the-counter and leftover antibiotics. In terms of preparedness, 55.3% (47) felt capable of using antibiotics. Both batches showed similar knowledge (69.8% for 2018 and 71.4% for 2019) and attitude scores (90.7% and 97.6%), but the 2018 batch was significantly more prepared for antibiotic application (74.4% vs. 35.7%, p = 0.0001).Conclusions: The study finds that interns had a basic understanding of antibiotics. 2018 batch was better prepared than the 2019 batch, emphasizing the need for practical training. It is suggested to include antimicrobial stewardship education in the undergraduate curriculum to enhance understanding of antibiotic use and resistance.
Analysis of Antimicrobial Prescriptions in Surgical Wards of a Tertiary Care Hospital using the WHO AWaRe Classification
Authors: kota Urmila , lella meenakshi , kurli sankar
Published: January 2025

Background : In 2019, WHO has developed ‘AWaRe’ (Access, Watch, Reserve) classification to enhance the quality of antibiotic use in hospitals and to combat antimicrobial resistance. The current study evaluated usage of antimicrobial pattern in the surgical wards of a tertiary care hospital based on the AWaRe classification.
Materials and Methods : We have retrospectively collected prescriptions from the hospital medical records of surgery ward for 6 months duration (January-June 2023). All prescriptions were analyzed for antimicrobial precribing pattern using WHO AWaRe classification. To quantify antimicrobial use, Defined Daily Dose (DDD) and DDD/100 bed days were calculated.
Results : Out of 1209 admitted patients, 1124 (92.9%) received antibiotics. The mean age of patients was 34±16.9 years. The majority of antimicrobials were prescribed to male patients (71.8%) and in patients aged 45-63 years (39.2%). A total of 15 antibiotic agents were used in the study, including 4 from access group, 10 from the watch group and one from reserve group. A total of 60.8% antimicrobials from the Watch group and 36.9%from the Access group were prescribed. Ceftriaxone (26.4% and Metronidazole (24.1%), were the most frequently prescribed antimicrobials. The overall systemic doses of Piperacillin and Metronidazole used in surgery ward were 6.6 and 7.3g DDD/100 bed-days, respectively. The average number of drugs prescribed per prescription was 5.3, and only 49.1% of antibiotics was prescribed according to generic name. Injectable antibiotics accounted for 76.7% of prescriptions, and 96.8% were prescribed from the Essential Drug List.
Conclusion: The prescribing indicators in this study surpassed the WHO standard values with the most antibiotics being prescribed from the watch group in the AWaRe classification rather than the Access group. Insufficient use of generic drugs and polypharmacy contributed to antimicrobial resistance. To reduce the use of Watch group antibiotics, strict standard treatment guidelines should be implemented in hospitals. Further more, motivating health care professionals to prescribe more Access group antibiotics by their generic names could support rational prescribing and aids to minimise antimicrobial resistance.
Keywords: AWaRe classification; Antimicrobial resistance, Access, Watch, Reserve
Quality of Life (QoL) among Adolescent Healthcare students in Chennai: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: jayapal Jenny , sambhasivam vadivel , subramani pramila , s divyadharshini , babu sweshika , kumar harini , ramamoorthy srihari
Published: January 2025

Background: Health forms the basis for an individual’s wellbeing and survival. Quality of life (QoL) is a subjective perception of an individual’s position in life and acts as a holistic factor in contributing and determining health and well-being of an individual. Healthcare education is a challenging and stressful academic path. Adolescence is defined as a period of ‘storm and stress’ and this is the phase during which an individual steps in to college life, which again is a transitional and stressful period .
Aims and Objective: The current study aimed to assess the Quality of Life (QoL) among adolescent healthcare students in Chennai
Materials and Methods: The current cross-sectional study was initiated after obtaining IEC clearance. First and second year Nursing and Allied Health Sciences (AHS) students (18-19 years) were included in the study (n-113). After obtaining basic details, Quality of Life (QoL) was assessed using WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire which contains 26 items assessing physical, psychological, social and environmental health.
Results: Majority of the study participants were found to be from I year (56.6%) and AHS department (53.1%). Gender wise female participants (70.8%) were more than males. QoL scores showed that adolescent healthcare students have moderate QoL and females were found to have better physical (p 0.04) and environmental health (p 0.001) scores than their counterpart.
Conclusion: The current shows that adolescent healthcare students have moderate Quality of Life (QoL) and females were found to have better QoL than males. Adolescence being the prime period of life, supportive measures in form of foundation sessions and orientation classes should be conducted for adolescent healthcare students for a healthy life.
TECNOLOGIA, EDUCAÇÃO E GESTÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Freitas Neylce Furtado , Machado Osvaldo dos Santos , Moraes Iranilda Silva , Monteiro Audilene do Socorro Cardoso , Sousa Leida Costa de
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo intitulado “Tecnologia, Educação e Gestão Escolar”, traz reflexões sobre as tecnologias, sua relação com a educação e a figura do gestor escolar na realidade da escola do campo. Para isso, recorreu-se a alguns objetivos, entre os quais destacam-se: Discorrer sobre o conceito de tecnologia, identificar a relação entre tecnologia e educação e analisar a tecnologia na escola do campo. A metodologia fundamenta-se pelo método de análise bibliográfica, em consonância com pesquisa de campo subsidiada pela entrevista semiestruturada in lócus em duas escolas, sendo uma escola pública do município de Cametá e outra escola pública do município de Oeiras do Pará. Trata-se de questões relacionadas as tecnologias que se fazem presente no interior da escola pública em que as atividades escolares vêm se adaptando a essas novas mudanças. Nota-se que há uma disparidade grande, pois ao mesmo tempo que existem escolas que apresentam uma relação bem estreita com as novas tecnologias, também há escolas que estão aquém desse processo. Concluiu-se que a gestão escolar é um dos aportes centrais quando se trata de garantir essa relação entre as tecnologias e seus usos no cotidiano escolar, por fornecer direcionamentos no processo educacional.
USO DE TÉCNICAS CULINÁRIAS NA GASTRONOMIA HOSPITALAR: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Calzolari Karen Cerqueira , Cnop Mara Lima de , Pinto Rafael Lavourinha
Published: January 2025

Introdução: a alimentação é indispensável para a manutenção do estado de saúde dos indivíduos. Porém, a ingestão alimentar tende a diminuir quando estão hospitalizados devido a baixa palatabilidade das refeições servidas, sintomas decorrentes das enfermidades que os acometem e ausência de características sensoriais positivas nas refeições. A gastronomia hospitalar surge para agregar técnicas culinárias às refeições hospitalares tornando-as mais saborosas, entre outros benefícios. Objetivo: analisar o uso de técnicas culinárias na gastronomia hospitalar e seus principais benefícios. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, realizada por meio dos descritores: “gastronomia hospitalar”, “técnicas culinárias”, “dieta hospitalar” e “culinária”, nas bases de dados SciELO, Google Scholar e PubMed. Após a seleção dos materiais a partir de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram incluídos e analisados 7 trabalhos entre artigos e monografias. Resultados: intervenções que se utilizavam de técnicas culinárias aumentaram a aceitabilidade das refeições hospitalares, diminuíram o desperdício e controlaram o índice de Resto-Ingestão. Também observou-se que o treinamento da equipe e a presença do gastrônomo tornaram-se essenciais para o uso correto das técnicas culinárias através da gastronomia hospitalar. Conclusão: o uso de técnicas culinárias apresentam diversos benefícios, sendo uma maneira para o aumento da aceitabilidade das refeições hospitalares. Evidencia-se também que a presença do profissional gastrônomo na UAN hospitalar é fundamental para a implementação da gastronomia hospitalar. Mais estudos abrangendo todas as regiões do Brasil e outros países devem ser realizados, considerando-se como as técnicas são aplicadas em outras culturas alimentares.
GOVERNANÇA E ACCOUNTABILITY: DESAFIOS E APLICAÇÕES NA GESTÃO PÚBLICA DO AMAZONAS (2020-2023)
Authors: Nascimento Kethelen Sthephanie do Santos , Santos Alessandro Carvalho dos , Neto Antônio José de Paula Barroso , Lehnemann João Gustavo Silva , Andrade Larissa Siqueira de , Júnior Ricardo Augusto Carvalho Penalber , Dantas Samara Martins
Published: January 2025

Este estudo analisa os desafios e aplicações da governança e accountability na gestão pública do estado do Amazonas durante o período de 2020 a 2023, com ênfase no alinhamento ao Objetivo do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) 16 – Paz, Justiça e Instituições Eficazes. A metodologia é baseada em análise documental amparada por uma revisão bibliográfica, onde foram identificadas significativas lacunas em relação à transparência e participação social, destacando discrepâncias nos dados entre o PPA (Plano Plurianual) de Bolso 2020-2023 e o sistema de monitoramento disponível. Dessa forma, o estudo viabiliza a compreensão da importância do controle social e responsabilização de gestores para aprimorar a eficiência na alocação de recursos e atendimento às demandas da população. Por fim, como recomendações sugere-se o fortalecimento do uso de ferramentas digitais, o investimento em capacitação de servidores de forma contínua, além da ampliação de mecanismos que promovam maior participação social. Assim, os princípios de governança e accountability são fundamentais para alinhar as ações governamentais à Agenda 2030 e assegurar que as políticas públicas atendam as reais necessidades da população.
A INFLUÊNCIA DAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE MARKETING DIGITAL DIRECIONADAS PARA O COMPORTAMENTO DO CONSUMIDOR
Authors: Santos Geniarde Martins dos , Brito Samara Guedes Ferreira de , Macedo Karla Gonçalves , Bueno Miriam Pinheiro , Coleti Jamile de Campos
Published: January 2025

O presente tema aborda como as empresas utilizam ferramentas e técnicas digitais para moldar as atitudes e decisões de compra dos consumidores. Com o avanço das tecnologias digitais e o aumento do uso da internet, o comportamento do consumidor tem se tornado cada vez mais influenciado por estratégias como publicidade online, marketing de conteúdo, redes sociais, e-mail marketing, e otimização para motores de busca. Essas estratégias são projetadas para atrair, engajar e reter consumidores, aproveitando dados e análises para personalizar a experiência de compra. Assim o objetivo do artigo é analisar a influência das estratégias de marketing digital direcionadas para o comportamento do consumidor, e, para isso, fez-se pesquisas bibliográfica, descritiva e exploratória de ordem qualitativa. A segmentação do público-alvo, o uso de influenciadores digitais e a criação de conteúdos relevantes são táticas eficazes para aumentar o engajamento e a conversão. O marketing digital também permite uma comunicação mais direta e imediata com o consumidor, influenciando suas escolhas de maneira mais eficiente do que os métodos tradicionais. O comportamento do consumidor, nesse contexto, é afetado por fatores como a conveniência, a confiança nas marcas, as recomendações online, e a percepção de valor. As estratégias digitais também promovem um ciclo contínuo de interação e feedback, o que contribui para um relacionamento mais próximo entre consumidores e marcas. Assim, as estratégias de marketing digital costumam ter relevância no comportamento de compra dos consumidores, possibilitando uma abordagem mais personalizada e eficaz para as empresas, principalmente após as mudanças geradas pela pandemia de COVID-19.
LIQUIDEZ GERACIONAL NA EDUCAÇÃO: UMA EXPLORAÇÃO DAS TENSÕES ENTRE MODERNIDADE LÍQUIDA E GERAÇÕES EMERGENTES
Authors: Silva Osvaldo Felix da
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo aborda a interseção entre as teorias de liquidez social de Zygmunt Bauman, conforme delineadas em "Modernidade Líquida", e a evolução das gerações educacionais. Dessa forma, é problematizada a concepção da Educação 1.0 até a proposta da Educação 5.0, conforme discutido por Mello, Neto e Petrillo em "Educação 5.0 - Educação para o Futuro". A pesquisa baseia-se em revisão bibliográfica para analisar as tensões entre as diferentes gerações educacionais (X, Y, Z e Alpha) e suas influências no ambiente escolar, bem como examina a necessidade de adaptação das práticas pedagógicas diante das transformações sociais e tecnológicas. Este estudo considera a Educação 5.0 e apresenta como respostas às rápidas mudanças sociais e tecnológicas, visando formar cidadãos e profissionais capazes de lidar com as novas demandas educacionais sejam pedagógicas ou gerenciais. Portanto, o artigo conclui enfatizando a necessidade de uma constante evolução e preparação dos profissionais da educação para enfrentar os desafios da contemporaneidade
PREVALENCE OF LEISURE-TIME PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ACCORDING TO SOCIOECONOMIC POSITION IN BRAZILIAN ADULTS
Authors: Borges Ana Camilla das Neves , Arquino Lucianna Machado Almeida de , Souza Erick Santana de , Pimentel Julia Guedes , Santos Rayssa Bruna Silva do , Palau Rayssa Fernanda Garcia Nogueira , Oliveira Aldair José de
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Physical activity contributes to the prevention and treatment of various pathologies. However, part of the world's population remains inactive. Socioeconomic position is an essential determinant in adherence to active leisure behavior. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of leisure-time physical activity according to the socioeconomic situation of Brazilian adults. Methods: Population-based cross-sectional study with data from the 2019 National Health Survey, containing 40,573 individuals with an average age (39.8±10.5). Leisure-time physical activity was assessed using a dichotomous question from the last 12 months as a reference. Socioeconomic position was evaluated by family income, education, occupation, and geographic location. Prevalences were described according to socioeconomic position stratified by sex, age, and confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Regarding family income, the highest prevalence was in individuals with income greater than five minimum wages, 67.2% (95%CI=64.9-69.4). Regarding education, the highest prevalence was among individuals with complete secondary education, 62.6% (95%CI=60.5-64.7). In occupation, the highest prevalences were among the military, 77.2% (95%CI=68.5-84.5). The highest prevalence was in the Central-West region, 46.8% (95%CI=45.3-48.4). Conclusion: Individuals with a higher socioeconomic position tend to perform more physical activity during leisure time. In this way, it is possible to affirm that social and economic factors guide this behavior.
Tres conceptos clave de la administración pública: administración, organización y gestión
Authors: Dell'Erba Ugolini Italo
Published: January 2025

Este artículo de investigación cualitativa examina la administración, organización y gestión pública a través de un análisis documental exhaustivo. Utilizando una variedad de fuentes documentales, como informes gubernamentales, políticas públicas y estudios académicos, el artículo aborda cómo los marcos teóricos y prácticos influyen en la eficacia del sector público. El análisis revela que la estructura organizativa y la coordinación interinstitucional son esenciales para una administración pública eficiente. Los documentos revisados destacan la importancia de una estructura clara que defina roles y responsabilidades para evitar duplicidades y mejorar la toma de decisiones. La coordinación efectiva entre diferentes niveles y entidades gubernamentales también facilita la implementación uniforme de políticas y programas. Asimismo, el estudio pone de manifiesto la relevancia de los mecanismos de rendición de cuentas en la gestión pública. La transparencia en la administración y la capacidad de los organismos para justificar sus acciones son cruciales para fortalecer la confianza pública y la efectividad de las políticas. Finalmente, el análisis documental muestra que la adaptabilidad a cambios y desafíos emergentes es clave para la mejora continua en la administración pública. La capacidad de ajustar estrategias y procesos en respuesta a nuevas necesidades y contextos garantiza una gestión más dinámica y receptiva. En conclusión, este artículo tiene como objetivo proporcionar una guía fundamental para comprender los tres conceptos clave con el propósito de fomentar su correcta y adecuada aplicación por parte de los servidores públicos y contribuir a que la ciudadanía tenga una comprensión más clara sobre el ámbito público. Es importante distinguir estos tres conceptos, ya que no deben considerarse como sinonimia, sino como conceptos que se complementan para el fortalecimiento de la gestión estatal.
Competencias digitales en el segmento directivo del servicio civil para el gobierno y la transformación digital
Authors: Villaverde Aguilar Marcelino
Published: January 2025

Actualmente, diferentes países se encuentran enmarcados en proceso de transformación digital, porque entienden el grado de desarrollo que pueden alcanzar gracias a las tecnologías emergentes. En este contexto, el presente trabajo busca fortalecer las competencias digitales que requiere el segmento directivo del servicio civil, partiendo de la revisión del marco normativo, la experiencia en otros países y la experiencia del sector privado. Se pretende definir las competencias digitales en el segmento directivo del servicio civil, proponiendo para ello el framework SFIA como instrumento que apoye la implementación de las políticas públicas a su cargo e implementar un gobierno digital que dé soporte y genere valor público para los ciudadanos. Para ello, se aborda la importancia del gobierno de las organizaciones, propuesto por la ISO 37000, y el gobierno de las tecnologías de información bajo la ISO/IEC 38500, normas que ayudan a clarificar las funciones de los órganos de gobierno, desempeñado por los funcionarios públicos; y los órganos de gestión, desempeñada por los directivos públicos, lo que permite identificar las competencias digitales necesarias para liderar la ejecución del Plan de Gobierno Digital y lograr la transformación digital de sus instituciones.
Evaluación de la calidad del servicio en los establecimientos de salud pública
Authors: Matínez Miraval Janis Alonso
Published: January 2025

El artículo explora el contexto de las investigaciones sobre la calidad de servicio percibidasegún el modelo SERVQUAL. En la atención en salud, se destaca la importancia del personalque la provee y se establece como objetivo analizar la normativa de la autoridad en saludpara la realización de investigaciones y proponer mejoras para las limitaciones detectadas encomparación con el modelo original (Parasuraman et al., 1988). La metodología es cualitativa,exploratoria, no experimental, descriptiva y propositiva, y está apoyada en la revisión bibliográficano sistemática y en la retroalimentación de personas usuarias de tres informes de evaluaciónde la satisfacción de un establecimiento de salud. Los hallazgos se clasifican en conceptuales,metodológicos y tácticos. A nivel conceptual, es necesario aclarar la principal variable por medir.Metodológicamente, debe revisarse el mecanismo de recolección y recuperarse el uso de labrecha de percepción menos expectativa, que fue convertida a un porcentaje de cumplimiento.Tácticamente, es necesario incorporar la flexibilidad para que los cuestionarios puedan personalizarse según las características de cada establecimiento. Se concluye que la normativapuede ser fortalecida a partir de nueva investigación y ser una herramienta de orientación parael desarrollo de estudios personalizados.
Evaluación del talento digital en el Perú 2023: brechas de habilidades y desafíos para la transformación digital
Authors: Ashcallay Samaniego David Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

Reseña del libro: Novella, R. y Rosas-Shady, D. (2023). Estudio talento digital en el Perú 2023: la demanda insatisfecha de talento digital en el Perú. Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005310
РАЗВИТИЕ РОССИЙСКИХ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ БЫСТРОРАСТУЩИХ КОМПАНИЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ТУРБУЛЕНТНОСТИ И ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Authors: Дзюбенко И.Б.
Published: January 2025

Цель статьи состоит в углублении понимания феномена быстрорастущих компаний. Элементами научной новизны является определение особенностей их развития в условиях турбулентности и трансформации экономики. В результате анализа динамики числа российских быстрорастущих компаний и показателей их деятельности в период с 2012 по 2023 годы. Определены внешние и внутренние факторы роста таких компаний, их влияние на экономическое и инновационное развитие страны и региона. Российские быстрорастущие компании в анализируемый период демонстрировали устойчивый рост, который существенно ускорился после 2021 года. Пандемия коронавируса открыла новые рыночные ниши, введение санкций привело к снижению конкуренции на внутреннем рынке и росту спроса на отечественную продукцию и услуги, чем успешно воспользовались быстрорастущие компании. В развитии высокотехнологичных компаний велика роль сферы деятельности и региональных условий. Важными факторами их роста являются благоприятная деловая среда и высококвалифицированная рабочая сила, гибкость и адаптивность, использование прорывных технологий, клиентоориентированность. Исследование подтверждает выводы зарубежных ученых о том, что быстрорастущие компании обеспечивают весомый вклад в экономический рост регионов и страны. Высокотехнологичные быстрорастущие компании способствуют инновационному развитию и обеспечению технологического суверенитета страны.

The purpose of the article is to deepen the understanding of the phenomenon of fast-growing companies. Elements of scientific novelty are the definition of the features of their development in conditions of turbulence and economic transformation. As a result of the analysis of the dynamics of the number of Russian fast-growing companies and their performance indicators in the period 2012-2023, external and internal factors of growth of such companies, their impact on the economic and innovative development of the country and the region were determined. Russian fast-growing companies demonstrated steady growth during the analyzed period, which accelerated significantly after 2021. The coronavirus pandemic has opened up new market niches, the introduction of sanctions has led to a decrease in competition in the domestic market and an increase in demand for domestic products and services, which has been successfully taken advantage of by fast-growing companies. The field of activity and regional conditions play a great role in the development of high-tech companies. Important factors of their growth are a favorable business environment and highly qualified workforce, flexibility and adaptability, the use of breakthrough technologies, customer focus. The study confirms the findings of foreign scientists that fast-growing companies provide a significant contribution to the economic growth of regions and the country. Fast-growing tech companies contribute to innovative development and ensure the country's technological sovereignty.
ИНСТИТУТ КОНТРОЛЯ В СФЕРЕ КОНТРАКТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ: ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ
Authors: Енин С.А.
Published: January 2025

Целью статьи является комплексный анализ института контроля в сфере контрактной системы закупок, выявление правовых и организационных проблем, разработка предложений по совершенствованию законодательства и повышению эффективности контроля в целях обеспечения прозрачности, законности и результативности расходования бюджетных средств. Актуальность темы исследования обусловлена тем, что развитие института контроля представляет собой стратегическую задачу, направленную на создание устойчивой и конкурентной системы государственных закупок, которая максимально эффективно служит интересам государства и общества. В рамках достижения поставленной цели исследования автором рассматриваются нормативные и организационные аспекты контроля в сфере контрактной системы, определены его цели и роль в обеспечении прозрачности и эффективности использования бюджетных средств. Установлено, что несмотря на положительную динамику развития контрактной системы, такие проблемы, как нестабильность законодательства, отсутствие единых критериев ценообразования и контроля за фактическим использованием закупленных товаров, ограничивают эффективность существующих механизмов. Автором выявлены основные проблемные аспекты функционирования института контроля в сфере контрактной системы, предложены ключевые направления совершенствования данного института, включающие унификацию нормативной базы, усиление внутреннего и внешнего контроля, а также развитие инструментов общественного мониторинга.

The purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the institution of control in the field of the contract procurement system, identification of legal and organizational problems, development of proposals for improving legislation and increasing the effectiveness of control in order to ensure transparency, legality and effectiveness of budget spending. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that the development of the institute of control is a strategic task aimed at creating a sustainable and competitive public procurement system that serves the interests of the state and society as effectively as possible. Within the framework of achieving the set research goal, the author examines the regulatory and organizational aspects of control in the field of the contract system, defines its goals and role in ensuring transparency and efficiency of the use of budgetary funds. It has been established that despite the positive dynamics of the development of the contract system, problems such as the instability of legislation, the lack of uniform criteria for pricing and control over the actual use of purchased goods limit the effectiveness of existing mechanisms. The author identifies the main problematic aspects of the functioning of the institute of control in the field of the contract system, suggests key areas for improving this institute, including the unification of the regulatory framework, strengthening internal and external control, as well as the development of public monitoring tools.
ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНАЯ ИТОГОВАЯ ОЦЕНКА КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ РЫБНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ НА РЫНКЕ ТРУДА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ИНДЕКСА РЕАЛЬНОЙ ЗАРАБОТНОЙ ПЛАТЫ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ САХАЛИНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ 2017–2023 гг.)
Authors: Бородулин Д.А.
Published: January 2025

Целью данного исследования является промежуточная итоговая оценка конкурентоспособности заработной платы предприятий рыбной отрасли Сахалинской области за период с 2017 по 2023 годы. Для достижения поставленной цели автор использует индекс реальной заработной платы, который позволяет учитывать изменения покупательной способности оплаты труда с учетом инфляции. Методология исследования основана на коэффициентном анализе, включающем расчет индексов роста среднемесячной номинальной заработной платы и их сопоставление с индексами потребительских цен. Исследование охватывает полный круг предприятий рыбной отрасли: рыболовство, рыбоводство и рыбопереработку. Результаты анализа указывают на существенные различия в динамике заработной платы между отдельными сегментами отрасли. Для предприятий рыболовства выявлен устойчивый рост конкурентоспособности, особенно в последние годы. В сегменте рыбоводства наблюдается положительная динамика, хотя с некоторыми колебаниями. Для предприятий рыбопереработки характерно снижение реальной заработной платы в первые годы исследования с последующим ростом в период с 2022 по 2023 годы. Авторские выводы доказывают высокую конкурентоспособность заработной платы предприятий рыбной отрасли в Сахалинской области, хотя по ряду показателей регион отстает от средних значений по Дальневосточному федеральному округу и Российской Федерации.

The purpose of this study is an interim final assessment of the competitiveness of wages of enterprises in the fishing industry of the Sakhalin region for the period from 2017 to 2023. To achieve this goal, the author uses the real wage index, which allows taking into account changes in the purchasing power of wages, taking into account inflation. The methodology of the study is based on a coefficient analysis, which includes the calculation of growth indices of average monthly nominal wages and their comparison with consumer price indices. The study covers the full range of enterprises in the fishing industry: fishing, fish farming and fish processing. The results of the analysis indicate significant differences in wage dynamics between individual segments of the industry. A steady increase in competitiveness has been revealed for fishing enterprises, especially in recent years. There is a positive trend in the fish farming segment, although with some fluctuations. Fish processing enterprises are characterized by a decrease in real wages in the first years of the study, followed by an increase in the period from 2022 to 2023. The author's conclusions prove the high competitiveness of wages of fishing industry enterprises in the Sakhalin region, although in a number of indicators the region lags behind the average values for the Far Eastern Federal District and the Russian Federation.
INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL TOOLS ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MAARA SUB-COUNTY, THARAKA NITHI COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: K. Brenda Njeru , Ogembo J.  , Kariuki M.
Published: January 2025

This study was on the influence of the use of digital tools in English language instruction in Maara sub- county, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya. English language instruction is a vital component of the education systems across the globe as the ability to proficiently communicate in English opens up a number of opportunities for individuals in terms of accessing higher education and broadening one’s world from job opportunities to the ability to relate with people from different countries and cultures. The study concentrated on the influence of the use of digital tools on English language instruction in public secondary schools in Maara sub-county Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The study population for the study was 7025 including 208 form three teachers of English, 67 head of English subject department and 6750 form 3 students enrolled in public secondary schools that were located in various divisions within Maara sub-county. The sample size utilized in the study was 379 including 327 students, 39 teachers of English and 13 head of English subject teachers. Data was collected by the use of questionnaires for students and teachers of English and interviews for head of English language subject in various schools. Quantitative data was cleaned, coded and then analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. For qualitative data, data was coded and thematic analysis conducted. The findings of the study showed that the use of digital tools in English language instruction significantly influenced English language instruction.
UNTOUCHABILITY AND CASTE DISCRIMINATION IN INDIA: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON RESERVATION POLICIES
Authors: Anthony Remalli
Published: January 2025

This research paper explores the complex interplay of untouchability, caste discrimination, and reservation policies in India, tracing their historical roots and social implications. It begins with an examination of the caste system's origins, delineating various castes and their roles within society, followed by a discussion of the discrimination faced by marginalized groups. The paper highlights the atrocities committed in the name of caste and the relationship between caste and religion. It critically analyzes the historical evolution of reservation policies, their significance, and the controversies surrounding their legitimacy, including criticisms directed towards Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. The dark side of the caste system, including caste massacres, is discussed, alongside the urgent need for a caste census in India. Ultimately, the paper emphasizes the necessity for comprehensive strategies to address caste discrimination and promote social equity, aiming to contribute to ongoing dialogues on caste and its repercussions in contemporary Indian society.
LIBERAL ARTS EDUCATION AND THE INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE: ELITE PATHWAYS AMID THE MASSIFICATION OF DEGREES
Authors: Zhang Shiyun
Published: January 2025

In the age of massification, where education systems increasingly prioritise vocational training and standardised outcomes, liberal arts education and the International Baccalaureate (IB) program offer compelling counterpoints. This paper explores how these models emphasise intellectual depth, critical thinking, social responsibility, and global citizenship, preparing students not only for diverse careers but also for thoughtful engagement with complex societal issues. Grounded in the theoretical frameworks of Pierre Bourdieu and John Dewey, the analysis reveals how these elite educational pathways both empower and perpetuate social hierarchies, while also highlighting efforts to democratise access through financial aid and inclusive curricula. Empirical evidence demonstrates the success of liberal arts and IB graduates in various sectors, emphasising the enduring relevance of these models in fostering adaptable, ethically driven leaders. The paper concludes by addressing critiques related to cost and accessibility and proposes reforms to ensure these educational benefits are more widely accessible, equipping future leaders with the skills necessary to navigate an increasingly interconnected and complex world.
SEX AND AGE OF STAFF AS PREDICTORS OF STIGMATIZATION OF HIV/AIDS PATIENTS ATTENDING TEACHING HOSPITALS IN EDO STATE, NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
Authors: AKPEDE  , Omonigho Mabel
Published: January 2025

The study examined staff sex and age as predictors of stigmatization of people or HIV/AIDs patients attending teaching hospitals in Edo State, Nigeria. The design for the study is correlational. The population of the study covered the 3224 staff of Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH), Irrua, University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) and Central Hospital Benin city, Edo State. A sample of 1612 staff was used for the study. The stratified random sampling technique was used to draw a sample. 50 percent of the staff was drawn as sample from each of the teaching hospitals. One scale was used in the collection of data - HIV/AIDS Stigma scale). The instrument was adjudged reliable for use in the main study because a Cronbach alpha of 0.73 was obtained for HIV/AIDS Stigma scale. The hypotheses were tested using Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) at .05 level of significance. The result showed that personal factors of sex and age were predictors of stigmatization of people living with HIV/AIDS of staff in teaching hospitals in Edo State, Nigeria (p<0.05). The direction of effect show that female staff had approximately 2.5 times (CI = 1.973 to 3.054) higher likelihood of stigmatizing HIV/AIDs patients attending teaching hospitals than their male contemporaries. Young staff had approximately 5.23 times (CI = .478 to 313) higher likelihood of stigmatizing HIV/AIDs patients attending teaching hospitals than older staff. It was recommended that young staff of teaching hospitals (less than 35years) should be provided with on-the-job training to assist them cope with possible anxieties or fears that they could be incubating conscious or unconscious fear of contracting HIVin the course of discharging their duties r attending to HIV/AIDs patients attending teaching hospitals for treatment.
COLLEGE SATISFACTION: A CASE STUDY OF ACCRA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: E. Bentil Evelyn , Mends-Brew Edwin
Published: January 2025

The level of student satisfaction with different educational services provided by universities/colleges directly impacts the overall score of college satisfaction attained by the students. In line with this, a cross-sectional study was conducted among Accra Technical University students. Data was collected using a self-administered, structured questionnaire consisting of 17 questions on three subscales of factors that contribute to student satisfaction with the university’s systems/facilities. These are Learning Facilities (LF), Administrative Procedures (AP) and Other Facilities (OF). The factors were inferentially explored leading to the confirmation of the research hypotheses that; there were strong positive correlations between overall score, LF, AP and OF, though with varying degrees of strength. However, the most influential factor among all three variables is the provision of adequate learning facilities (LF). Additionally, studentfriendly administrative procedures were also rated extremely important and a very strong determinant of student satisfaction levels.
A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF SEMANTIC RICHNESS IN SOME EXTRACTS OF THE PALESTINIAN RESISTANCE OFFICIAL SPEECH AND THEIR ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS
Authors: Dhayef Qasim Abbas , Alwan Abdullah Abbas
Published: January 2025

The present study seeks to provide explanations for the semantic richness as a cross-linguistic difference between Arabic and English. It investigates the points of contrast between English and Arabic in the light of four semantic concerns; hyponymy (which one tends to be hyponymic rather than hypernymic), semantic field (which semantic field is broader than the other), symbolism (to what extent the triggered symbols are different), conceptual metaphor (how the source and target domains are different in both languages). In particular, the study contrasts the depth of denotative meaning for two languages by analyzing the semantics of the chosen data from each. The methodology is based on a single-method approach. In order to put this data under scrutiny, a secondary data strategy is adopted, where it involved quoting the official spokesman of the Palestinian resistance; next, the quotes are analyzed using a content analysis approach. Some of the key results to mention are: (1) the hyponyms tend to manifest more than the hypernyms in the Arabic; (2) the hypernyms tend to appear more in English; (3) the semantic field of English terms is much broader than their Arabic counterparts; (4) symbolism and conceptual metaphor, although cross-linguistic tend to carry more specificity in the presented data. Some key conclusions to draw are: (1) Arabic involves more semantic precision as compared to English; (2) there is an English preference for generic phrases that are applicable in a variety of settings; (3) the features of semantic richness make Arabic a very complex language, ideal for expressing multi-layered, culturally relevant meanings.
Stroke Prediction Using Linear Regression
Authors:   Asst. Prof , Dept of CSE, Sree Narayana Gurukulam College Of Engineering, Kochi, India,, M A Nahala , Subhash Sooraj , Xavier Kishore , Manoj Rahul , V V Sreehari
Published: January 2025

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and early prediction can significantly improve patient outcomes through timely interventions. This study explores the potential of using linear regression models to predict the likelihood of stroke in individuals based on a set of clinical and demographic factors. Data used came from a publicly available stroke dataset; the features used include age, gender, hypertension, heart disease, marital status, type of work, smoking habits, among others. The goal of this study is to find some important predictors and then establish a linear regression model which is capable of approximating stroke risk with reasonable accuracy.

Hence, feature selection and preprocessing aided the choice of relevant variables with which to build the predicting model. The subset formed by training and testing will be used to analyze a range of metrics, such as the mean squared error and the value of R-squared to reflect performance. The outcomes do indeed show that using relevant features for linear regression results can indeed be used for predictions related to stroke risks: thereby resulting in a simple but readable early risk identification model. More, however, the accuracy found of the model suggests that other algorithmic and data needs could allow for increased reliability in this field. The paper concludes that with linear regression, there seems a viable foundation to predict stroke while suggesting further refinement and more refined models would be necessary in clinical applications.

Key Words:  Stroke prediction, linear regression, feature selection, data preprocessing, machine learning.
A Survey on Virtual Dressing Room
Authors:   Department of Information Science and Engineering, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkote, India, Anirudha Puranik , Patil Sheetal , Menasagi Shrushti , Gaddanakeri Sumedha , Deshpande P. K.
Published: January 2025

A Virtual Dressing Room is an innovative solution that leverages technology to enhance the online shopping experience by allowing users to virtually try on clothes. Utilizing advanced technologies such as augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence (AI), the virtual dressing room provides an immersive, interactive platform where users can see how clothing items fit and look on them.

Keywords: Virtual Dressing Room, Online Shopping, Try On Clothes, Augmented Reality (AR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Immersive Platform, Interactive Experience, Clothing Fit and Look.
Through the Cracks: Unveiling Fracture Flow Patterns in Basaltic Groundwater Systems
Authors:   Head Dept. of Geology, . Pathrikar Pramod B
Published: January 2025

This research delves into the Hydrogeological intricacies of basaltic groundwater systems, focusing on the exploration of fracture flow patterns. Basalt, with its unique geological characteristics, poses challenges and opportunities in understanding the dynamics of groundwater movement through fractures.

A comprehensive field study was conducted in [mention study area] involving [briefly describe field methods, such as borehole drilling, geophysical surveys, and water sampling]. These methods aimed to elucidate the fracture network and characterize the hydrogeological properties of basaltic rock formations.

The analysis revealed intricate fracture flow patterns within the basaltic aquifers, highlighting the significance of fractures in governing groundwater movement. [Present key findings, such as the prevalence of preferential flow paths, variations in flow rates, and the role of geological structures.]

Interpretation of results suggests that [discuss the implications of findings, potential applications, and relevance to existing hydrogeological knowledge]. The identification of fracture flow patterns in basalt contributes valuable insights to groundwater resource management and environmental conservation efforts.

This study provides a nuanced understanding of groundwater dynamics in basaltic rock formations, specifically emphasizing the role of fractures in shaping flow patterns. The findings underscore the importance of considering fracture flow in hydrogeological models and management strategies for basaltic aquifers.
Block Chain-Based Distributed NoSQL Databases with secure and Scalable Framework
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and engineering  Presidency university, Bengaluru, B Tejaswini , R Induja , M Navyashree , Kowsar Amreen
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the convergence of block chain technology with distributed NoSQL databases to address the growing demand for secure and scalable decentralized systems. Block chain ensures tamper- resistant and auditable data records, while NoSQL databases offer high- speed data operation for large- scale operations. By integrating these technologies, the proposed system leverages block chain’s agreement- driven synchronization and NoSQL’s effective storage capabilities to produce a flexible frame. The architecture addresses common challenges analogous as data redundancy, quiescence, and performance backups through innovative optimizations. Practical use cases in disciplines analogous as healthcare, finance, and IoT emphasize the eventuality of this approach. also, the paper outlines a crossbred model featuring cryptographic safeguards and off- chain data operation strategies, paving the way for future advancements in decentralized data systems.
Predicting Coronary Artery Disease using Explainable Machine Learning
Authors:   Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Kataria Vipin , Kumar Nitin
Published: January 2025

Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been one of the leading causes of death worldwide; it is a result of narrowing or blocking of the coronary arteries due to the buildup of plaque, which reduces the flow of blood into the heart. Accurate and early diagnosis of CAD is especially important for proper treatment in pursuit of better outcomes for patients. However, traditional diagnostic methods, such as angiography, are invasive, time-consuming, and resource-intensive, which calls for non-invasive alternatives. This study applies machine learning in the analysis of the dataset Z-Alizadeh Sani, which encompasses 303 patient records grouped into 53 features like demographic, symptom and examination, ECG, laboratory, and echo data. Machine learning can predict with greater accuracy, speed, and efficiency CAD. It could also reveal important patterns and features, supporting clinicians in decision-making and personalized care. The presented research has shown the potential of machine learning in revolutionizing CAD diagnosis, thereby providing non-invasive, cost-effective, and reliable diagnostic tools. That can improve outcomes in health care but also take some burden off the healthcare systems.

Key Words: Machine Learning, CAD, Medical, Explainability, Disease Prediction, Gradient Boosting