bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Initial Evaluation of SNEMO2 and SNEMO7 Standardization Derived from Current Light Curves of Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Rose B. M. , Dixon S. , Rubin D. , Hounsell R. , Saunders C. , Deustua S. , Fruchter A. , Galbany L. , Perlmutter S. , Sako M.
Published: February 2020

To determine if the SuperNova Empirical Model (SNEMO) can improve Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) standardization of several currently available photometric data sets, we perform an initial test, comparing results with the much-used SALT2 approach. We fit the SNEMO light-curve parameters and pass them to the Bayesian hierarchical model UNITY1.2 to estimate the Tripp-like standardization coefficients, including a host-mass term as a proxy for redshift-dependent astrophysical systematics. We find that, among the existing large data sets, only the Carnegie Supernova Project data set consistently provides the signal-to-noise and time sampling necessary to constrain the additional five parameters that SNEMO7 incorporates beyond SALT2. This is an important consideration for future SN Ia surveys like LSST and WFIRST. Although the SNEMO7 parameters are poorly constrained by most of the other available data sets of light curves, we find that the SNEMO2 parameters are just as well constrained as the SALT2 parameters. In addition, SNEMO2 and SALT2 have comparable unexplained intrinsic scatter   when fitting the same data. When looking at the total scatter, SNEMO7 reduces the Hubble–Lemaître diagram rms from 0.148 to 0.141 mag. It is not then the SNEMO methodology, but the interplay of data quality and the increased number of degrees of freedom that is behind these reduced constraints. With this in mind, we recommend further investigation into the data required to use SNEMO7 and the possibility of fitting the poorer photometry data with intermediate SNEMO-like models with three to six components.
Synchrotron Gamma-Ray Emission Model of the Giant Outburst of Quasar 3C 279 in 2015 June: Fast Reconnection or Stochastic Acceleration with Electromagnetic Cascade?
Authors: Asano Katsuaki , Hayashida Masaaki
Published: February 2020

We test the synchrotron emission scenario for the very bright gamma-ray flare of blazar 3C 279 observed in 2015 June using time-dependent numerical simulations. A bulk Lorentz factor as high as 100 can bring the synchrotron maximum energy above the GeV energy range. We find two possible solutions for the X-ray to gamma-ray spectrum. One is a prompt electron injection model with a hard power-law index as magnetic reconnection models suggest. Too strong a magnetic field yields too bright a synchrotron X-ray flux due to secondary electron–positron pairs. Even in the prompt electron injection model, the Poynting flux luminosity is at most comparable to the gamma-ray or electron luminosity. Another model is the stochastic acceleration model, which leads to a very unique picture accompanying the electromagnetic cascade and reacceleration of the secondary electron–positron pairs. In this model, the energy budget of the magnetic field is very low compared to gamma-rays and electrons.
Les ressorts de l’obéissance
Authors: Beaumont Amélie
Published: February 2020

La proximité entre dominants et dominés produit-elle des effets sur le consentement à la domination ? Cet article revisite la question en analysant en pratique les ressorts multiples de l’obéissance dans un contexte précis, l’hôtellerie de luxe. Parce qu’ils sont pris entre les contraintes imposées par la direction, les habitudes de commandement des clients, et leur propre intérêt à rester en poste étant donné leur espace des possibles professionnels, les employés sont fortement incités à se conformer à ce qui est attendu d’eux. Mais ce n’est pas pour autant qu’ils considèrent que les clients méritent toujours le meilleur service. L’analyse de leurs pratiques informelles de classement des clients montre au contraire qu’ils évaluent en permanence la légitimité de la domination de ceux qu’ils servent. Ils s’appuient pour cela sur des critères qui reprennent les catégories de la doxa des classes dominantes les plus établies, dont ils se font les alliés objectifs dans la défense de modes de vie traditionnels des élites.
L’enseignement du français en Chine et les particularités de l’examen TFS
Authors: Bohec Julie
Published: February 2020

Le TFS est un examen national chinois que passent les étudiants de licence spécialistes de français. Il a lieu après deux ans d’étude de la langue pour le TFS4 et le TFS8, deux ans plus tard. L’objectif de cet article est de voir ce que cet examen peut nous apprendre sur la Chine actuelle et quelle image les Chinois ont de la France. Pour cela, nous avons d’abord présenté l’enseignement du français en Chine, les manuels qui préparent à cet examen et l’examen lui-même. Nous avons basé notre recherche sur les examens et l’idéologie. Enfin, nous avons observé les aspects didactiques, politiques propres à la chine et leur vision de la France. Finalement, nous avons constaté, comme pour les manuels, que l’objectif est de transmettre une idéologie et que les Chinois soient capables de parler de leur pays à des francophones.
La diplomatie scientifique française en Chine : vers la « co-construction » d’une politique étrangère
Authors: Huang Xilin
Published: February 2020

De nombreuses travaux se sont intéressés à la politique internationale scientifique d’aujourd’hui et ses multiplies implications géopolitiques et socioéconomiques, laissant cependant peu de littérature qui interroge la façon dont l’Etat et les acteurs en matière d’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche agissent dans la constitution d’une politique étrangère plus récemment dénommée « diplomatie scientifique ». Après un état des lieux sur l’évolution des relations scientifiques franco-chinoises depuis les années 1960, cet article propose d’éclairer la construction d’une diplomatie scientifique française dans sa double caractéristique correspondant à la fois à l’orchestration par l’Etat et l’atomisation démocratique d’une politique publique. Les agents de coopération sont étudiés dans leur multipositionnalité afin de mettre au jour les effets d’un processus de co-construction de cette diplomatie scientifique.
Gouverner le Gouvernement : les trajectoires des politiques de coordination gouvernementale en France (1935-2019)
Authors: Gaïti Brigitte
Published: February 2020

L’article retrace l’évolution de la mise en problème de la coordination gouvernementale en France. Au cœur des politiques de coordination, on trouve le projet, publicisé ou plus discret, de la régulation centrale des ministères et des mondes qu’ils ont contribué à créer. Ce programme prend de la consistance autour d’objectifs très différents sur la longue période : mettre le Parlement à distance sous la Troisième République, moderniser la société sous la direction d’un État volontaire et réformateur après-guerre, naviguer entre contrainte juridique et économique avec le souci de la performance et de la baisse des dépenses dans la période récente. Les coalitions réformatrices se sont transformées : nébuleuse de la « réforme de l’État » dans les années 1930, modernisateurs du ministère des finances et Plan à la Libération, opérateurs du développement des politiques publiques de la croissance autour des ministères sectoriels de l’État providence, hauts fonctionnaires centralistes au principe de l’État Stratège dans les années 1990. Dans cette histoire, l’émancipation de l’exécutif mais aussi la montée en puissance d’un espace de l’interministériel aujourd’hui coordonné par les deux têtes de l’exécutif forment les deux résultats stabilisés de ces processus.
Les poisons et délices de la Cinquième République. L’histoire politique de la coordination du travail gouvernemental
Authors: Dulong Delphine
Published: February 2020

En s’appuyant sur des archives et un corpus de témoignages de responsables politiques et de hauts fonctionnaires, cet article défend la thèse selon laquelle le mode de coordination de l’action gouvernementale en France, réputé plus instable, fragmenté et conflictuel que dans d’autres pays, est pour partie le produit d’un « système d’action concret » (Crozier et Friedberg) au cœur duquel on trouve des enjeux de pouvoir entre le Président de la République, le Premier ministre et les autres membres du Gouvernement.
La supervision pédagogique, un temps pour se parler
Authors: Jecker-Parvex Maurice
Published: February 2020

L’article présente la supervision pédagogique, qui est un acte de formation effectué par toutes et tous les étudiant-e-s en travail social en Suisse, et plus particulièrement la Haute École spécialisée de Suisse occidentale ( hes-so ). Après avoir évoqué la définition actuelle et les grandes lignes de l’évolution de cette exigence de formation, l’article expose le rôle et quelques aspects de la pratique d’un responsable de la supervision pédagogique dans l’une des écoles de travail social de la hes-so.
Development Innovation to Predict Dengue Affected Area and Alert People with Smartphones
Authors: Somboonsak Patsaraporn
Published: February 2020

Dengue remains a significant problem that needs to be addressed urgently in Thailand. Although Thailand has spread the dengue fever for more than sixty years, however, it is still found dengue patients in every province and spread to various areas. There is also a variable pattern of disease occurring each year, so it is necessary to have tools to help forecast area to allow the related organization and the people in the area plan to prevent dengue fever that may occur next year. This research aimed to create innovation for predicting dengue fever regions, namely ThaiDengue, by collecting data from dengue patients in Chatuchak District, Bangkok, Thailand, from January 2014 to December 2018. There was a total of 358,524 dengue patients from the Bureau of vector-borne diseases applied to the prediction of patients in the next year with the ARIMA model (1,1,0) (1,1,0). It is predicted that in 2019, Thailand will have dengue patients around 95,000 cases, which has the number of dengue patients close to the year 2018. In the next step, application development and database on fog computing. Fog computing is an evolving technology that brings the benefits achieved by could computing to the periphery of the network devices for faster data analytics. It is better suited than cloud computing for meeting the demands of numerous emerging applications such as self-driving cars, traffic lights, smart homes. While the ThaiDengue consists of the main menu: how to use, forecast, surveillance calendar, notification, disease map, notify patients, contact the Bureau of vector-borne, knowledge information, and scan the QR code. After that, the result of the development, the researcher has the Bureau of vector-borne disease of Thailand used to forecasts, create a GPS map of dengue outbreaks, and create a calendar for dengue monitoring.  After that, send a message to alert the people in the area of dengue via a smartphone and send additional emails. The results from using the application found this application can be used as a tool to help the Bureau of vector-borne diseases, to plan dengue fever control and alert the people in the risk areas of dengue outbreak and users are very satisfied with the use of the application.
Spirituality
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Dehury Ranjit Kumar , Shaw Poulomee
Published: February 2020

The World Health Organization (WHO), in its definition of health, considers spirituality as an inseparable segment of health. Spiritualism exists in every human being—it is individualized. Spirituality attracted the attention of mental health professionals despite the advancement in science, technology, quality of life, medical care. Healthcare research conducted in developed countries demonstrated the efficacy of spirituality in medical and psychosocial care and promoting quality of life. There is a significance of integrating spirituality with psychosocial care. Various empirical studies are suggestive of the positive impact of spirituality in the holistic management of various disorders: depression, anxiety disorder, substance abuse, cancer, and AIDS. In the backdrop of the above, the chapter addresses the spirituality of the client and the role of religion in the implementation of psychosocial care plans. This chapter also sheds some light upon the integration of spirituality in nursing care, rehabilitation, and the management of trauma-related disorders.
Quality of Life and Well-Being of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Anderson Melisa , Tucker Dwayne , Miller Fabian G. , Vaz Kurt , Anderson-Jackson Lennox , McGrowder Donovan
Published: February 2020

Breast cancer is a disease in which there is increased proliferation of malignant breast cells. This disease is more likely to begin in the ducts or lobules rather than the connective tissue. Globally, breast cancer is the most regularly diagnosed cancer. It is also a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in females. While cancer of the breast affects the physical aspect of patients, it can also negatively impact the quality of life (QoL) of survivors. There is a dearth of information, especially in the last decade, on the negative impact of breast cancer and treatment modalities on the QoL of patients. This review of the literature will examine the QoL and well-being of breast cancer patients to present a current perspective on the topic. Major findings of past and present articles that have contributed to improving the care of breast cancer patients will be summarized and included.
Health and Well-Being Among the Jats of Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Kumar Dhananjay
Published: February 2020

The chapter interrogates the explicit and implicit perception of health and well-being among the Jats of Western Uttar Pradesh by using anthropological life cycle approach. The research combined village ethnography and empirical field work to discuss their behavioural choices that they make to maintain good spiritual, mental and physical well-being. For the purpose of the study, both primary and secondary data have been used. Taking a village as a unit is a generally accepted way of the doing research in the social anthropology, and the author has used this approach to gain the overview of health, well-being, wellness, and belief pattern as perceived by the villagers.
Who Lives Healthier in a University?
Authors: Ergen Ahu , Bolcan Aybike Elif
Published: February 2020

Being healthy is an important aspect in life satisfaction. The factors that affect the health status of an individual are environmental, economic, socio-cultural and genetic factors, access to health services, and lifestyle. Since it can be controlled by the individual, lifestyle is a topic with great importance. Understanding the healthy lifestyle behaviors of individuals is important for health and education institutions, companies, and governments to define their strategies accordingly. This quantitative study involves 205 respondents from a university in Istanbul. Data were obtained from self-administered questionnaires with 27 questions. The chapter examines the characteristics of the respondents regarding demographics and healthy lifestyle behaviors. Differences in the sample's healthy lifestyle dimensions were determined according to demographic variables after T-test and ANOVA analysis. This research presents the opportunity for further qualitative research in healthy lifestyle habits especially among university students.
The Role of AYUSH in Mental Well-Being
Authors: Dehury Ranjit Kumar , Kumar Rajeev
Published: February 2020

Mental wellbeing was the centerpiece of the Indian system of medicine. Many healthcare issues are resolved by the peace of mind and brain stimulating processes. Of late, Government of India adopted many systems of medicines that are complementary to the modern allopathic medicines and named it AYUSH system of medicine. In this Ayurveda, Yoga, Homoeopathy, Siddha, Unani, Swa-rigppa, and additional healing systems are represented. There is also a great need for psychological wellbeing due to the rapid increase in stressful life situations. The current modern medical care is not adequate to provide mental health services in the society. At the same time, many indigenous and AYUSH system have come into action and solve the problem the best way it possible. The chapter focuses on the role of AYUSH system in catering to mental wellbeing in India. The policies of the government of India are to promote mental health and wellbeing in society. The specialties of various systems of medicine in curing the mental health conditions have been elaborated.
Ontology-Driven Design and Development of Situation Assessment Software in Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Lebedev Sergey Vyacheslavovich , Panteleyev Michail
Published: February 2020

Evolution of cyber-physical systems (CPS) and extension of their application areas complicate, among other things, their software design and development. This requires improvements in programming techniques used to build CPS. One of the important tasks arising in complex CPS is a situation assessment (SA) based on data received from diverse sources. In the chapter, an ontology-driven approach for CPS SA software design and development automation is proposed. The approach is based on the JDL data fusion model and flexible enough to be applied for any class of CPS applications. In contrast to known approaches, ontologies are used not only for domain knowledge representation but also for SA calculation process formalization. It provides a higher level of automation of SA software synthesis and, in the end, increases design and development efficiency.
Mobile Heart Monitoring System Prototype
Authors: Kuzmin Andrey , Safronov Maxim , Bodin Oleg , Baranov Victor
Published: February 2020

This chapter describes a design of prototype of mobile heart monitoring system based on the Texas Instruments ADS1298R ECG front end and NRF52832 wireless data transmission chip. The described design and technical details allow developing a new mobile heart monitoring system consisting of ECG recording device, mobile computer (smartphone or tablet). The algorithm for ECG recovery using a reverse filter, whose parameters are determined by means of bioimpedance measurement, is described. The new algorithm of J-point detection is described and examined on the test ECG database. The detection rate is from 88% to 93%. It will allow mobile monitoring system to inform the user about any signs of dangerous heart condition in ECG. The chapter also describes experimental results of wireless protocol bandwidth and contact break detection. The results confirm the efficiency of the proposed technical solutions to mobile heart monitoring for wide range of applications from sports and fitness to monitoring for medical reasons.
Ambient Assisted Living At-Home Laboratory for Motor Status Diagnostics in Parkinson's Disease Patients and Aged People
Authors: Meigal Alexander Yu. , Korzun Dmitry G. , Moschevikin Alex P. , Reginya Sergey , Gerasimova-Meigal Liudmila I.
Published: February 2020

The chapter summarizes the authors' development on the concept of “at-home lab” (AHL). The concept employs the methods of artificial intelligence (AI), smart internet of things (IoT) technologies, and data mining techniques. The aim is at support for patients with Parkinson's disease and aged people to continuously monitor and evaluate their motor and cognitive status using own smartphone (in particular, IMU as wearable sensor, apps for testing cognitive status, camera for motor tracking). In addition, other devices in the IoT environment can participate in creating the information assistance support for people. This chapter presents and discuss the AHL concept as a further development step of AI in respect with human evolution (NeoNeoCortex). The focus is on evolutionary, environmental, and biological aspects of AI.
The Preassessment Process for English Learners With Potential Language Impairment
Authors: Roseberry-McKibbin Celeste
Published: February 2020

This chapter presents the case of Tanveer, a first-grade boy from an Urdu-speaking immigrant family from Pakistan. He is in the public schools and has been struggling academically since kindergarten. This chapter discusses the preassessment process and interventions that took place before Tanveer underwent a full special education evaluation, including testing by a speech-language pathologist for the possible presence of an underlying language impairment. (Note: this author personally worked with this child, and this is a true story with some details changed for confidentiality.) This chapter shows how even before formal special education testing commenced, conducting an extensive preassessment process helped to greatly increase the accuracy of the formal evaluation, eventual diagnosis, and intervention provided for Tanveer.
Working With a Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Individual With Specific Learning Disability
Authors: Yan Ruixia
Published: February 2020

With the constantly rising multilingualism in the United States, cultural and linguistic diversity is gradually becoming more and more present at schools throughout the country. Therefore, there is a critical need for resources to support speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to work with culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) clients. This case study examines a CLD client with a diagnosis of specific learning disability (SLD). SLD is a disorder characterized by one or more significant impairments in reading, spelling, writing, or arithmetical skills, which are not the direct result of other disorders or inadequate schooling. This chapter discusses approaches to appropriately assess the client's language skills and provides intervention suggestions to account for the CLD nature of the client and her SLD.
Sickle Cell Disease and Hidden Hearing Loss
Authors: Scott Diane M.
Published: February 2020

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessively inherited group of red blood cell disorders. It is more commonly found in African Americans and Hispanics in the United States. The sickle-shaped cells characteristic of the disease cause physiological problems, including hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusion. Research has linked hearing loss to sickle cell disease. Studies have shown that children and adults with sickle cell disease may have higher rates of sensorineural and central auditory hearing impairment. This case study examines hidden hearing loss in an African American boy with SCD who presents with normal hearing thresholds. It also discusses the role of audiologists in the care of individuals with sickle cell disease and hearing loss.
Factors Influencing Aphasia Assessment for Bilingual Adults
Authors: Johnson Leslie W.
Published: February 2020

This chapter provides a brief overview of stroke, aphasia, and aphasia assessment. Additionally, it considers various issues associated with the standardized assessment of aphasia, including problems related to cultural and linguistic biases. The chapter also includes information on working with people who are bilingual, as well as working with interpreters. A hypothetical case study is presented as a teaching avenue to discuss these topics in greater length. This section contains details regarding how both cultural and linguistic barriers associated with the assessment of the patient's aphasia may have influenced the intervention provided by the speech-language pathologist (SLP). Medical terminology and procedures related to stroke intervention are also discussed as it relates to the SLP's plan of care.
Incentives to Attract Foreign Direct Investment in Emerging Economies
Authors: Ghoshal Ishita , Ghosh Ishita
Published: February 2020

The study delves into a diagnostic check for macroeconomic factors that may cause and explain outward FDI flows to India as a representative of the emerging economies. The seventeen top investing economies to India across the period from 2008-14 reveal that overall FDI outflows, inflation, exchange rate and growth of the economy affect FDI outflows to India in the long run where only exchange rate has a causal effect. Also, the above-mentioned variables except growth along with the size of the economy has significant effect on the extent of FDI flows to India from the economies considered for the study.
Computational Investing
Authors: Vidal-García Javier , Vidal Marta , Barros Rafael Hernandez
Published: February 2020

Investing means using funds to start a venture or acquire part of an existing one in hopes that in time the business will accrue profits for the entrepreneur. Often, entrepreneurs opt to purchase companies' stocks. To be able to select the right – profitable – stocks to buy, one requires knowledge of modern portfolio theory, computational investing, stock brokerage, mutual funds, bonds, value investing, how capital gains are taxed, how to trade stocks and options online, and how to use diversification to allocate online investments.
The Role of Governance on Outward Foreign Direct Investment in Emerging Market Economies
Authors: Gök Adem
Published: February 2020

Emerging market economies have clear deficit in governance infrastructure and also have an increasing trend in the amount of foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows compared with advanced countries. Hence the main issue of the study is to identify the determinants leading to the increase in FDI outflows with special emphasize given to the role of governance infrastructure. Thus, the aim of the study is to analyze the effect of governance infrastructure together with other control variables on FDI outflows in emerging market economies. It is found that improvement in all measured aspects of governance infrastructure leads to increase in FDI outflows from emerging market economies and governance infrastructure, human capital and physical infrastructure are base factors for MNCs taking outward FDI decision from emerging market economies. It is also found that FDI outflows from emerging market economies are not market or efficiency seeking; instead they are resource, labor or finance seeking.
The Role of Strategic Outsourcing in Global Business
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: February 2020

This chapter reveals the role of strategic outsourcing in global business, thus describing the theoretical and practical concept of strategic outsourcing; the management theories related to strategic outsourcing; the applications of Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) and Information Technology Outsourcing (ITO); and the significance of strategic outsourcing in global business. The fulfillment of strategic outsourcing is vital for modern organizations that seek to serve suppliers and customers, improve business performance, enhance competitiveness, and reach continuous achievement in global business. Therefore, it is necessary for modern organizations to explore their strategic outsourcing, establish a strategic plan to usually check their practical advancements, and immediately respond to strategic outsourcing needs of customers in modern organizations. The chapter argues that applying strategic outsourcing in global business has the potential to increase organizational performance and attain business goals in the digital age.
Local Economic Development in Transition Economies
Authors: Káposzta József , Ritter Krisztián , Nagy Henrietta
Published: February 2020

There are significant inequalities in development both within and over the borders of countries, in addition, urban and rural areas show significant differences in the level of development. The reason for the occurrence of spatial discrepancies is that the economic and social processes are always restructured in space and time and such processes are even accelerated by the globalization. In order to get precise and realistic picture about territorial processes, it is worth to learn the spatial processes that have already happened as well as their impacts on the spatial structure, since these may enable the regions to break out from the disadvantaged situation. In such a multivariable system, the development strategies need to be built on the endogenous potentials and own strengths of the regions. The aim of this chapter is to highlight the importance of local values and local conditions in the sustainable rural development, thus emphasizing the importance of localization in long-term progress. The chapter puts emphasis on the characteristics and features of transition countries.
IFRS, Foreign Investment, and Prevailing Institutional Structure in Africa
Authors: Uchenna Efobi , Iyoha Francis
Published: February 2020

We revisit the effectiveness of IFRS adoption for FDI attractiveness by considering the adopting country's institutional structure. Attention was on the extent of corruption control (as a measure of institutional structure). Data was tested on 42 African countries for the period 2001-2012. Using the Panel Corrected Standard Error (PSCE) estimation technique, our result suggest that the effect of IFRS adoption on foreign investment differs based on the level of corruption control instituted in the sample countries. When the variable – IFRS adoption, was tested for the sample with corruption control below the median value, the coefficient was either negative or insignificant. However, the opposite was seen for the category of countries with corruption control above the median value. This result was robust to the inclusion of alternative measures of corruption, foreign investment, and control of global financial crisis and legal origin of the country.
The Role of Institutional Quality on Total Factor Productivity
Authors: Cavusoglu Tarkan , Onal Debi Konukcu
Published: February 2020

Within the settings of the economic growth literature, this study aims at analyzing the determinants of total factor productivity in the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions, with a special emphasis on institutional quality. Beside descriptive analyses, several fixed-effect panel data regressions are estimated, which enables both cross-country and cross-regional analyses. Estimation results provide strong statistical evidence of institutional influences on total factor productivity in the CEE and MENA economies.
Economic and Political Factors Affecting Foreign Direct Investment in the MENA Region
Authors: Gür Betül
Published: February 2020

This study examines the relationship between variables thought to have an effect on foreign trade investment (FDI) including volume of trade, GDP growth rate, trade credit risk and political stability. Specifically, this study is concerned with the 1981-2012 period in the MENA region, made up of the Middle East and North African countries of Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia. Another objective of the study is to determine whether economic factors are more impactful than political factors on the FDI flow to MENA countries. In order to investigate long-term relationships between the variables, three cointegration analyses were used including Pedroni, Kao and Johansen, and Fisher. Coefficients were interpreted using the FMOLS and the DOLS methods. The Holtz-Eakin Causality Test was also applied. As a result of the analysis, volume of trade was found to be the most important factor determining FDI. Economic factors were found to be more influential for FDI than political factors.
Financial Market in Nepal
Authors: Paudel Narayan Prasad
Published: February 2020

The Nepalese financial sector is attributed of banking sector and non-banking sector. There is exponential growth in the number of financial institutions in Nepal in the last decade. The existing legal framework and institutional setup in Nepal is not conducive to the overall financial sector and private sector development and thus there is an urgent need for reformation in these sectors. The major impediments to private sector involvement in infrastructure development projects include the political and administrative instability; lack of consistent planning; lack of effective institutional support in designing and development of private sector infrastructure projects. Talking about the capital market and capital gains In Nepal, capital gains on securities transactions are taxed as ordinary income to corporations and individual investors while in most of the emerging markets capital gains on investments in stocks and bonds are not taxed, which need to be reformed as per the international practices.
Trade and FDI Between the Czech Republic and Portugal
Authors: Novotná Lenka , Martins Inês , Moreira António
Published: February 2020

With the collapse of communism, some former communist States of Eastern Europe managed to muddle through their way to a market economy and entered the European Union. This brought about the acceleration of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) among the European economies and accelerated the globalization process. Although there is plenty of research on FDI and trade among countries, the aim of this chapter is to analyze how trade between Portugal and the Czech Republic have evolved over form 2000 until 2015. The chapter seeks to complement previous studies on FDI and trade as Portugal and the Czech Republic are part of the European Union, but have had different historical, cultural, and economic paths. The main conclusion of the chapter is that trade between both countries has grown significantly. The main reason affecting trade between both countries is the economic unrest Portugal has been through since 2008.
Quality Action to Accelerate Fair Accessibility Through Law of Telecommunication
Authors: Pramono Agus , Fatimah P.L. Rika , Lanovara Ivan
Published: February 2020

This article describes how telecommunication has a strategic role in national development, which requires a large amount of funding in Indonesia, in spite of the limited financial support from the government. The dynamics of telecommunication law has provided a clear direction, from monopoly to healthy competition. It is important for foreign investment to be an option that needs to be harmonized with the applicable law of telecommunication. Four main constructs have been identified as important issues to be discussed are Social Welfare (SW); Global Village (GV); Foreign Direct Investiment (FDI); and Law Telecomunication (LT). In conclusion, two quality actions are proposed to accelerate fair accesibility through law of telecommunication in global village setting. The first quality action is to accelerate SW through fair accessibility in GV setting and FDI. The second quality action is to accelerate SW through fair accessibility based on FDI and LT.
Foreign Direct Investment in China
Authors: Adi Agya Atabani , Rossi James A.
Published: February 2020

In accounting for the gaps in the literature between the period 2011 and 2016, more recent literature – particularly empirical related studies on the topic have been consulted to consolidate on the paper “Foreign Direct Investment in China: Its Sectoral and Aggregate Impact on Economic Growth”. As highlighted by Wei (2013), it is important to recognize and acknowledge that the relationship between FDI and employment is affected by many variables, such as growth of the national population, increased exports, and growth of the domestic economy. Furthermore, as illustrated by Iamsiraroj and Doucouliagos (2015), whilst positive and negative effects may be demonstrated in relation to economic growth, in some countries, no effects can be deduced as regards the relationship between economic growth and FDI in certain other countries. This chapter also aims to accentuate the need for greater focus on environmental issues - as well as poverty alleviation - than is currently the case within the sphere and framework of Carroll's pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility.
Outward Foreign Direct Investment in Emerging Economies
Authors: Demir Ahmet Oğuz , Moiz Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) has been utilized by developed economies to enter developing markets for competitive advantages. However, recent boom in OFDI from emerging economies has prompted the question as to why these economies are investing abroad? A modest amount of literature exists regarding China and India, however, Turkey being an emerging economy has been largely untapped when it comes to determinants of OFDI. This study uses the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) to find host and home country factors which have led to OFDI from Turkey to their top 10 investment destinations for the past 10 years. The host country factors found to be significantly correlated with Turkish OFDI are innovation (Netherlands and Russia), technological readiness (Russia and UK), labor market efficiency (Netherlands), infrastructure (Netherlands), domestic market size (Germany), and exports (UK). The home factors found to be significantly correlated with Turkish OFDI are infrastructure and domestic competition.
Investigating the Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Ojo Marianne , Ayadi Olusegun Felix
Published: February 2020

Should regulatory incentives which incorporate the lowering of environmental and labor standards, generate life threatening and environmental repercussions, as well as those resulting in moral hazard and excessive risk taking levels, be encouraged? This chapter not only investigates whether central bank independence is positively correlated with inflation, but also highlights other variables which could impact the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Foreign Direct Investment. It will highlight why a continuous need for updating of data is necessary given the inability to capture data specific variables and why the introduction of complementary standards would serve to bolster measures aimed at promoting financial stability and encouraging investors – rather than incentives aimed at diluting such standards. In so doing contributes to previous and current literature on the topic – by way of reference to investigations and studies which have revealed concerns in the ability to adequately capture data – particularly in light of the recent 2008/2009 Financial Crisis.
Major Macroeconomic Dynamics for Labor Market in Turkey
Authors: Karabacak Mustafa , Meçik Oytun
Published: February 2020

The relationship among inflation, unemployment, and economic growth can be treated as a trade-off in general. When the economy is in recession, inflationary pressures are expected to decrease while unemployment is increasing. On the contrary, a decrease is expected while inflationary pressures are rising. Thus the relation between these twin macroeconomic variables and their relation to economic growth are a focal point for developing countries. The aim of this study is analyzing the relationship among unemployment, inflation, and economic growth in Turkey by alternative methods. Thus the causality among these variables is tested with modified Wald statistic developed by Toda-Yamamoto. Findings obtained from causality test will provide policy recommendations for Turkish economy on a macroeconomic level.
Basic Types of Project Initiators
Authors: Vidal-García Javier , Vidal Marta
Published: February 2020

Crowdfunding has helped many businesses and projects to take off easily and is replacing the traditional methods of fundraising since more platforms are being created. Evaluation of the risk for both the borrower and the donor is important before investing or borrowing to ensure that the project is a success. Crowdfunding is changing the way that projects and startups get funded. Most of crowdfunding money is raised on reward-based platforms, although equity crowdfunding is growing quickly. It can be expected that crowdfunding will become more popular, with many crowdfunding new opportunities available, which will make not easy for potential investors to choose what to support. In this chapter, we introduce the reader to the basic types of project initiators-contributor relations in online crowdfunding. We review the current literature identifying the research questions relevant for our purpose. We subsequently conduct a research method of systematic review to identify the relevant papers that address those research questions.
Rising Economic Powers among Economies in Transition
Authors: Erokhin Vasily
Published: February 2020

The chapter covers contemporary global developments, particularly international trade and economic integration, with involvement of the economies in transition, BRICS countries, and new rising powers of Latin America and Asia. The issues, addressed in the chapter, are related to the concept of globalization in general; specific challenges of globalization for the economies in transition, and application of those general challenges in selected countries (China, Russia, Brazil, etc.). Chapter is concluded with investigations of regional trade integration as a response to threats of globalization and expectations of a new global order with growing involvement of economies in transition (particularly, BRICS, the CIS, the EAEU, and other countries of Latin America and Asia).
The Impact of Being a Border Region in Business Demography
Authors: Ferreira Paulo , Loures Luis , Serafim Miguel
Published: February 2020

The promotion of the entrepreneurship has been a challenge in recent years because it is recognised that entrepreneurial activity enhances economic growth. Border regions, because of the possibility of increasing cooperation between economic agents, gained a special status. Still, some of those cross-border regions continue to grow slower than other regions. Authors analyse business dynamics and entrepreneurial activities at a regional basis for the EU. Considering data availability, authors analyse 13 different countries. Indicators under analysis are birth rates, death rates, business churn, and survival rate. This chapter identifies and analyses the existence of significant differences between regions located alongside border areas, and analyses if there exist differences depending on the countries of those regions. To compare business demographic indicators, parametric tests will be used. The results are analysed considering the potential differences between cross-border and non-cross-border regions.
The Assessment of the INTERREG VA Program
Authors: Kurowska-Pysz Joanna , Cargnin Antonio Paulo , Lemos Bruno de Oliveira , Rückert Aldomar Arnaldo
Published: February 2020

The chapter concerns the implementation assessment of cross-border projects supported by the INTERREG VA Poland - Slovakia 2014-2020 Program. The authors diagnosed the state of implementation of the Program (2018), and analyzed the conditions for managing cross-border projects on the Polish-Slovak borderland. The chapter outlines the role of a cross-border project in management of borderland development, and presents the life cycle of a cross-border project. The authors drew special attention to the results of projects and the administrative burden related to their implementation. The authors carried out quantitative and qualitative research with the participation of Polish and Slovak beneficiaries of the Program to achieve the objectives of the work. The research was supplemented by the desk research analysis covering the selected documents and statistical data (2014 – 2018). The conclusions and recommendations can be useful in the process of programming rules for implementing cross-border projects on the Polish-Slovak borderland and other borderlands after 2020.
Nationalistic Independent Movements Within the European Union and Its Challenge to Create a Territorial Identity
Authors: Maria van Huisseling Demi Wilhelmina
Published: February 2020

Throughout history, humanity has been known to move in groups as a way of surviving, to expand their identity and culture. In Europe this has led to international and civil wars in the past but changed with the creation of the European Union. This chapter analyzes the creation and demarcation of nations during the past, the territorial identity that was formed and the need of the EU to create a European Identity to overcome the threat of independent movements. Secessionist nationalistic movements have gained importance since the economic crisis which started in 2007 and have been rising in different regions and countries of the EU. The main question that needs to be solved in this chapter: How does the EU cope with the rise of new nationalistic movements? It can only be overcome with the creation of a European territorial identity.
Cluster Analysis in R With Big Data Applications
Authors: Lamere Alicia Taylor
Published: February 2020

This chapter discusses several popular clustering functions and open source software packages in R and their feasibility of use on larger datasets. These will include the kmeans() function, the pvclust package, and the DBSCAN (density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise) package, which implement K-means, hierarchical, and density-based clustering, respectively. Dimension reduction methods such as PCA (principle component analysis) and SVD (singular value decomposition), as well as the choice of distance measure, are explored as methods to improve the performance of hierarchical and model-based clustering methods on larger datasets. These methods are illustrated through an application to a dataset of RNA-sequencing expression data for cancer patients obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas Kidney Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC) data collection from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA).
ALIMENTOS MINIMAMENTE PROCESSADOS: NOVO PERFIL DE ESCOLHA DO CONSUMIDOR
Authors: Vicentino Vieira Suellen Laís , Silva Isabella Carolina Podadeiro da
Published: February 2020

O consumo dos alimentos minimamente processados vem crescendo cada dia mais, devido a praticidade que o produto traz para a vida das pessoas. Pesquisas demonstraram a presença de contaminação microbiológica nestes tipos de alimentos, apresentando algumas negligências nas etapas de processamento. Observou-se que para que este alimento chegue até o consumidor com qualidade e isento de qualquer tipo de ação microbiana, o mesmo deve passar por várias etapas de processamento, das quais devem ser minuciosamente realizadas com os devidos cuidados para garantia da qualidade. O presente trabalho objetivou realizar uma revisão de bibliográfica sobre os alimentos minimamente processados, etapas de produção e perfil de escolha da população.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS RECURSOS DIDÁTICOS PARA O PROCESSO ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Freitag Isabela Hrecek
Published: February 2020

A escolha dos recursos didáticos utilizados por docentes em salas de aula é uma etapa de grande relevância no processo ensino-aprendizagem, uma vez que recursos adequados podem representar instrumentos facilitadores capazes de estimular e enriquecer a vivência diária não só dos educadores, mas também dos educandos. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os recursos didáticos mais utilizados por professores e membros da equipe pedagógica de uma escola pública de Maringá, a qual recebeu em suas instalações uma exposição de maquetes preparada por alunos de uma instituição de ensino superior local. A avaliação foi feita por meio da aplicação de um questionário que investigou os dados profissionais, a metodologia de ensino utilizada e a influência que a exposição de maquetes causou na vida dos professores e membros da equipe pedagógica da escola. Os resultados mostraram que todos os avaliados consideram importante o uso de recursos didáticos diferenciados e por isso já os utilizaram em momentos específicos de suas atividades docentes. Os recursos citados como mais comumente empregados foram debates, filmes, programas de televisão e aulas de laboratório. Todavia, resultados positivos foram obtidos por apenas 63% dos avaliados, sendo que os 37%restantes atribuíram o insucesso à indisciplina dos alunos durante o uso de metodologias diferenciadas. Assim, conclui-se que embora seja de senso comum que a utilização de recursos didáticos diferenciados seja benéfica e necessária, alguns educadores ainda preferem métodos mais tradicionais de ensino visando o maior domínio da sala de aula.