bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One-year outcomes of Aflibercept for refractory diabetic macular edema in Bevacizumab nonresponders
Authors: Salimi Ali , Vila Natalia , Modabber Milad , Kapusta Michael
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

A sub-population of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) responds less effectively to off-label use of Bevacizumab. Approval of Aflibercept for DME has offered Bevacizumab nonresponders an alternative therapeutic option. Herein, we investigate the anatomical and functional changes associated with Aflibercept treatment in Bevacizumab nonresponders with chronic DME in a Canadian setting.

Methods:

A retrospective study of eyes with persistent DME that were switched to Aflibercept due to nonresponse following ≥6 consecutive monthly Bevacizumab injections was performed. Anatomical and functional changes and the predictors of response were assessed using patients' characteristics prior to receiving their first (baseline) and seventh consecutive Aflibercept injections (follow-up).

Results:

Twenty-four eyes were included, with a mean age of 63.9 ± 10.7 years, an average of 16.8 ± 8.5 Bevacizumab injections prior to switching to Aflibercept, and mean follow-up duration of 11.8 ± 1.7 months following switching to Aflibercept. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved significantly from 0.49 ± 0.13 to 0.41 ± 0.11 logMAR (P < 0.001) and central subfield thickness (CST) decreased by 119.4 μm from 409.4 ± 85.8 μm to 290.0 ± 64.5 μm (P < 0.001), with 50% of eyes showing complete anatomical response. Worse BCVA and higher CST at baseline predicted greater vision improvements (P = 0.001 and P = 0.035, respectively) while a larger decrease in CST was associated with greater baseline CST (P = 0.001) and better glycemic control (P = 0.039).

Conclusion:

Our data from a real-world clinical setting highlight the efficacy of Aflibercept as an alternative therapeutic option for DME recalcitrant to Bevacizumab, with potential additional benefit to those with worse vision, greater CST, and better glycemic control at baseline.
Impact of accreditation on documentation and staff perception in the ophthalmology department of an Indian medical college
Authors: Ajay K , Poka Avinash , Narayan M
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers operates the health-care accreditation program in India. Research on impact of accreditation on eye-care centers is scarce. This article was conceptualized to scientifically evaluate the changes in documentation brought about by accreditation and its effects on staff in the Ophthalmology Department of an Indian Medical College.

Methods:

This was conducted as a quasi-experimental study in four steps. First, a point-based evaluation of case sheets in both pre-accreditation and postaccreditation phase, along with statistical analysis of the results, was done. Step two involved analysis of quality indicators and patient safety indices in successive years from inception of data to post-accreditation phase. Step three comprised a survey of staff employing a validated tool, and finally, face-to-face semistructured interviews with designated authorities, including finance departmental head, completed the study.

Results:

A statistically significant difference was seen in scores achieved by the pre and postaccreditation case sheets, with the postphase case sheets achieving 15% increased scores over the prephase case sheets. Quality indicator indices displayed improvements post-accreditation. There was an accompanying increase in quantity of documentation. Financial data analysis showed increased expenditure for accreditation under multiple heads. Staff believed that accreditation led to increased workload but did not express decreased satisfaction and felt that accreditation was eventually beneficial. However, staff believed rewards for improving quality can be enhanced.

Conclusion:

Accreditation increases quality and quantity of documentation, and staff workload. Increased financial costs also ensue.Staff believe that accreditation improves quality, is beneficial, but desire enhanced rewards.
Patients’ Experiences of Seclusion during Admission in Psychiatric Settings in KwaZulu-Natal: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Umubyeyi Benoite , Banamwana Gilbert , Mukangabire Pacifique , Kagabo Innocent , Jeanne D’Arc Jeanne D’Arc , Bagaragaza Emmanuel
Published: January 2021

Background

In South Africa, seclusion is one of the practices used in the management of disruptive behaviors in psychiatric settings. Despite its continued use, seclusion is always subject to controversial debates, and patients who undergo it express a range of negative experiences.

Objective

To explore the experiences of patients regarding seclusion during their admission in a psychiatric hospital. Methods

A qualitative descriptive design was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten patients attending a community psychiatric clinic in KwaZulu-Natal. Interviews were analyzed using content analysis.

Results

Two themes emerged from the findings: controversial views of seclusion and negative experiences of seclusion. Seclusion was considered more as a punishment measure which was often used abusively, than a therapeutic intervention. Participants expressed loneliness, humiliation, and powerlessness following their seclusion experience. Limited patient-staff interaction and communication worsened patients’ negativity towards seclusion. Conclusion

Findings from this study underscore the need to review practices, policies and procedures regarding the use of seclusion. Seclusion should be only used when the need is absolute and as the last treatment option. Open communication between the care providers and the patients should be emphasized during the time of seclusion.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2020;3(3):342-361
The Implementation of the Stay Home Measure and its Effectiveness in Containing the Spread of 2019-nCoV in East African Countries: Case of Rwanda, and Kenya
Authors: Korukire Noel , Rutayisire Reverien , Rumagihwa Liberatha , Kayitesi Isabelle , Ineza Marie Claire , Niyitegeka Charite , Mukangendo Mecthilde , Mukeshimana Madeleine , Birasa Liliane , Basheija David , Ngaruiya Faith , Gasana Canisius , Niyonkuru Umuhire Viviane
Published: January 2021

A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), is a new public health issue that is threatening the entire world. The first cases were detected in China by the end of 2019 and spread worldwide rapidly. A significant number of hospitalization and deaths have been recorded globally. So far, Public health measures, including staying at home, are the only available efficient control measures that help to stop the spread of the disease. This paper aims to document how the stay home measure was implemented and highlight its effects on the prevention of the spread of the disease in Rwanda and Kenya. The selection of Kenya and Rwanda was based on the fact that authors able to access the daily report from these countries. The authors reviewed the available literature to inform their views. In Rwanda, the stay-home strategy was strictly enforced, and movements were highly restricted, while in Kenya, movements were allowed in some counties with respect to preventive measures in place.  The authors of this paper conclude that the stay home measure is a key measure to the containment of the spread of the outbreak. The paper recommends further studies to document the statistical association between the mode of implementation of the stay home measure and the decrease of new cases of 2019-nCoV.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2020;3(3):362-371
Editorial
Authors: Thurman Chris
Published: January 2021

No Abstract
Thinking Like Shakespeare – Today
Authors: Voss Tony
Published: January 2021

Scott Newstok, How to Think like Shakespeare: Lessons from a Renaissance Education (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2020)
Close Encounters: Staging Julius Caesar, Coriolanus and Antony and Cleopatra in contemporary South Africa
Authors: De Waal Marguerite
Published: January 2021

Is there room, as Natasha Distiller asked in 2012, for a “close encounter” with Shakespeare in post-apartheid South Africa? This question has become increasingly pertinent. Following the Fallist movements which were ignited at universities across the country in 2015, calls for the decolonisation of curricula and cultural institutions have been coupled with growing resistance against pervading socio-economic inequalities. Amongst other things, the student protests represented a rejection of “old ways of reading” characterised in both ideological and material terms by  exclusion, lack of access and disempowerment. This article suggests that Distiller’s question may be engaged with reference to stage adaptations of Shakespeare’s plays in educational and/or academic settings which took  place before, during and after the student movements of 2015–16. These are two productions by the National  Children’s Theatre aimed at secondary school students – Coriolanus (2016) and Antony and Cleopatra (2018) – and two university productions: The Julius Caesar Project (2013) at the University of the Witwatersrand, and DCoriolanus (2017) at the University of Pretoria. Through close consideration of the strategies and decisions employed in staging these productions, the paper argues that the medium of theatre, and the ways in which it has been used by South African performers and theatre-makers, is key to understanding how both subversive and productive “close encounters” with Shakespeare might be enacted
Lear, Land and Expropriation without Compensation
Authors: Haresnape Geoffrey
Published: January 2021

King Lear has been extensively used by Shakespearean critics in South Africa for the discussion of land ownership issues. This essay alludes to the work of Martin Orkin and Nicholas Visser, who brought postcolonial and materialistic critiques to bear upon the play in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The essay itself carries the investigation forward to present times, when the text asks to be read in relation to expropriation without compensation: a land proposal being ventilated at the highest political level. The issues which emerge are diverse and unexpected. King Lear’s gifts of land to his daughters are actually ‘deals’ requiring the compensation of their public declarations of love for him. For various reasons this strategy fails. The reader is then invited by the play’s imagery to see the body of the old king as a piece of ‘real estate’ that is incrementally expropriated by the ageing process and the onset of dementia. Spenser’s allegory of the House of Temperance in Book II of The Faerie Queene is discussed as a likely influence here. By the end of the play, Lear is divested of his own bodily health and cognitive ability by the arch expropriator, ‘time’, and its subaltern, the fallible human cell. With regard to critical reception, this essay argues that King Lear has complexity and substance enough to engage the interest of postcolonialists, materialists and universalists alike – even in relation to a topic as specific as land.
Evaluation of the cytotoxic and antiviral effects of ethanol extract of three Opuntia species of Peste des Petits ruminant virus
Authors: Altaf Imran , Ashraf Faryal , Ashraf Muhammad , Ashraf Moneeb , Javeed Aqeel , Munir Neelma , Bashir Rasheeda
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To assess in vitro the virocidal effects of different species of cactus plant on the lethal action of Peste des petits virus (PPRV).Method: Ethanol extracts of different cactus plants were obtained. A serial twofold dilution of the extracts was prepared. Cytotoxic and antiviral activities were examined through MTT assay at various concentrations. Vero cell lines were grown in 96 well plates up to an 80 % confluent monolayer. The plates were divided into two groups, one for antiviral and the other for cytotoxicity activity. The cells were exposed to various concentrations of the ethanol extracts to assess the cytotoxicity, whereas to assess the antiviral activity, PPRV was re-incubated with the extracts and then exposed to cells. MMT dye was added and the results were evaluated as cell survival (%).Results: At higher concentrations, i.e., 500 - 1000 μg/mL, ethanol extracts from all the Opuntia species displayed cytotoxic effects. The ethanol extract of OM exhibited the greatest antiviral potential of all the extracts, while the extract of Opuntia stricta (OS) was the least effective against PPRV in the cultured cells. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the concentration of Opuntia manocantha (OM), Opuntia delinii OD and Opuntia stricta (OS) with reference to antiviral activity. OM showed antiviral activity against PPRV from 3.25 to 125 μg/mL, OD antiviral activity from 31.25 to 62.5 ug/ml whereas OS showed antiviral activity at 2.5 μg/mLConclusion: The ethanol extract of Opuntia species reduces the infection of PPRV in Caprine.

Keywords: Cactus, Opuntia spp., Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), Vero cell line
A reliable chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin in human serum
Authors: Džodić Predrag , Veličković-Radovanović Radmila , Koraćević Maja , Spasić Ana , Živanović Slavoljub , Catić-Đorđević Aleksandra , Cvetković Tatjana
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To develop and validate a simple chromatographic method for the analysis of ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin in human serum.Methods: After protein precipitation had been performed, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection was utilized for the analysis of ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin in human serum. Analytical column Zorbax SB-C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm i.d., particle size 3.5 μm) was used as a stationary phase. Chromatographic separation was realized with the mobile phase 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water for chromatography - methanol (66:34, v/v), at the flow rate of 1 mL/min, temperature of 35 oC and detection at 280 nm. The method validation was performed according to the guidelines of the European Medicines Agency (EMA).Results: The chromatographic run time was about 12 minutes and no interference was observed. For ciprofloxacin, the method was linear over a concentration range of 0.5-50 μg/mL, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9874. For moxifloxacin, the method was linear over a concentration range of 0.5-50 μg/mL, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9946. Since relative standard deviation (RSD) and relative recovery values were within acceptable limits according to EMA guidelines, good intra-day precision, inter-day precision, as well as the accuracy of the method, were observed.Conclusion: A simple and reliable HPLC-UV method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin in human serum. The method can be applied for therapeutic drug monitoring but also and pharmacokinetic studies of ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin.

Keywords: Human serum, Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Protein precipitation, HPLC, UV detection, Method validation
Periodontal status among adult cigarette smokers using Miswak (Salvadora persica) for oral hygiene: A crosssectional study from Asir Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Javali Mukhatar A. , Joseph Betsy , AlQahtani Nabeeh A. , Khader Mohasin Abdul , Abullias Shahabe Saquib , AlQahtani Saad M.
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To compare the periodontal status of exclusive users of Miswak (Salvadora persica) with that of exclusive toothbrush users among adult smokers of cigarettes in Saudi Arabia.Methods: This educational-institutional study included one hundred and fifty adult patients (age and socioeconomic status matched, SES) between the ages of 18 and 75, and were listed as the group I, II, and III, with 50 participants each (participants with no oral hygiene, toothbrush users and miswak users respectively). Oral hygiene habits, the number of cigarettes smoked, and time since the habit began. Periodontal and radiographic parameters were reported.Results: All parameters related to periodontium (plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (Rec), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bone loss (BL)) showed that the analysed groups exhibited differences (p < 0.001). Least amount of BL (anterior and posterior) was found in toothbrush users and Miswak users, while least amount of attachment loss (both anterior and posterior) was recorded among Miswak users (p > 0.05). Positive association was found for GI (r = 0.753) and recession (r = 0.436, p < 0.001) in terms of the number of cigarettes smoked in group I, and anterior PPD (r = 0.388, p < 0.001) in group III for the duration of smoking. A negative correlation was found for BOP in group III (r = - 0.339, p < 0.05) in terms of frequency of tooth cleaning and GI (r = - 0.381) (p < 0.001) in group II, in terms of time taken attain oral hygiene.Conclusion: This study indicates less severe periodontal damage among adult current cigarette smokers in miswak users than in toothbrush users. Thus, there some potentials for miswak use for promotion of oral hygiene.

Keywords: Periodontal status, Adult cigarette smokers, Miswak, Oral hygiene
Effect of “HuChou San” on ABCC11 mRNA levels and MRP8 protein expression in skin tissue from bilateral axilla of axillary osmidrosis patients
Authors: Chen Bin Chen , Wang Huichun , Wu Baojin
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of “HuChou San” on axillary osmidrosis (AO) by measuring ABCC11 mRNA levels and MRP8 protein expression in axillary skin tissues from “HuChou San”-treated AO patients.Methods: Forty AO patients undergoing treatment at Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital were enrolled in the study. Tissues from axillary regions were initially treated for 10 min with a solution of copper sulphate and zinc sulphate, followed by treatment with gentle application of “HuChou San” once daily for 3 months. Ten healthy individuals served as untreated control. Axillary skin tissue was surgically collected at 0, 1, 2, and 3 months of treatment. The expressions of ABCC11 mRNA and MRP8 protein in axillary skin samples were determined using qPCR and Western blot, respectively.Results: The qPCR and Western blot results showed higher levels of ABCC11 mRNA and MRP8 protein in AO patient tissues than in healthy controls. However, “HuChou San” treatment markedly reduced tissue levels of ABCC11 mRNA and MRP8 protein (p < 0.05), when compared to tissues extracted prior to treatment. These effects were time-dependent and increased as treatment duration increased (p < 0.05).Conclusion: “HuChou San” powder significantly and time-dependently reduced ABCC11 mRNA and MRP8 protein expressions in AO axillary tissue of AO patients. It is known that ABCC11 mRNA and MRP8 protein are two important indices of AO. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest that“HuChou San” has potentials for use as a novel alternative therapy for AO.

Keywords: ABCC11 mRNA, MRP8 protein, Axillary osmidrosis, HuChou San
Pretreatment with Shenxiong Drop Pill induces AQP4- mediated neuroprotective effect on middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats
Authors: Jin Shuo-guo , Deng Ji-li , Chen Ze-ran , Yang Fang , Liu Mei-jun , Sun Hong-hui , Ran Ning-jing , Zhang Li , Yang Dong-dong , Chen Wei-yin
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Shenxiong Drop Pill (SXDP) pretreatment on rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats, and the mechanism involved.Methods: Ninety-nine SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control group, MCAO group, shamoperated group and SXDP group. The MCAO model was established via thread occlusion. Rats in the SXDP group was administered SXDP 7 days before induction of MCAO. Neurological deficit score (NDS) was determined using Bederson's neurological behavioral scoring method, while cerebral infarction volume was measured using TTC staining. Integrated optical density (IOD) of Nissl Body was evaluated via Nissl staining. Brain water content was measured using dry-wet method. The expression level of AQP4 in brain tissues was determined using immunocytochemistry.Results: The SXDP treatment resulted in significant reduction in NDS, marked improvement in IOD of Nissl Body, and significant reductions in cerebral infarction volume, brain water content, and expression level of AQP4, relative to control (p< 0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that SXDP pretreatment exerts neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia in rats by decreasing in cerebral edema through a mechanism involving downregulation of the expression of AQP4.

Keywords: Middle cerebral artery occlusion, Cerebral ischemia, Aquaporins-4, Cerebral edema, Neuroprotection
Disposition kinetics of ceftriaxone and determination of its therapeutic dose in dogs
Authors: Eke Ifeanyi G. , Eze Ukamaka U. , Anaga Aruh O. , Chah Kennedy F. , Anene Boniface M. , Asuzu Isaac U.
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the disposition kinetics of ceftriaxone (CFZ) in dogs with a view to determining its therapeutic dose and dosing frequency.Methods: Twelve (12) Basenji dogs (n = 4), divided into 3 groups (A, B and C), were used for the study. Ceftriaxone was administered intramuscularly at doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg once to groups A, B and C respectively. Plasma CFZ concentration was determined by agar well diffusion assay at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h post-treatment, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were determined.Results: Intramuscular injection of CFZ to dogs resulted in rapid absorption, distribution and elimination (p < 0.05). The elimination half-life was short and did not change significantly with increase in dose. Serum concentration of CFZ changed significantly (p < 0.05) with increase in dose of CFZ. The maximum serum concentration (Cmax, 15.00 ± 1.18, 141.37 ± 15.87 and 259 ± 5.21 μg/mL) for groups A, B and C respectively were significantly (p < 0.05) different. The steady state CFZ concentrations; 0.94, 8.81 and 16.19 μg/mL for groups A, B and C, respectively, were significantly (p < 0.05) different. However, there was no significant difference in the time to reach steady state concentrations (Tmax, 00±0.021, 4.00±0.10 and 4.30±0.12 for groups A, B and C respectively). The therapeutic dose of CFZ was therefore determined to be 25 – 50 mg/kg every 4 h.Conclusion: Ceftriaxone undergoes rapid elimination in dogs with a short elimination half-life, thus making it an inconvenient prescription for out-patients in veterinary clinics.

Keywords: Ceftriaxone, Pharmacokinetic profile, Dogs, Therapeutic dose, Veterinary clinic
Uncaria gambir (W. Hunter) Roxb: From phytochemical composition to pharmacological importance
Authors: Saad Mohd Faiz Mat , Goh Hoe-Han , Rajikan Roslee , Yusof Tengku Roslina Tuan , Baharum Syarul Nataqain , Bunawan Hamidun
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To present an overview of the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological effects of the ‘wonder’ plant, Uncaria gambir (W. Hunter) Roxb.Methods: The literature search for information on phytochemical composition and pharmacological importance of U. gambir was undertaken using diverse electronic search engines, including Google, Scopus, Web of Science, scientific literature, and databases (Pubmed, Springer and Science Direct). Other relevant literature sources include books, book chapters, conference papers, theses, and other scientific publications.Results: Uncaria gambir Roxb possesses significant medicinal potentials as an antioxidant, anthelmintic, antibacterial, anti-diabetic, and for the management of osteoarthritis. Interest has increased among researchers for the utilization of this plant in complementary medicine, for example, to relieve sore throat, spongy gum, and dysentery, to treat atherosclerosis and obesity, and to prolong sexual intercourse.Conclusion: Uncaria gambir demonstrates significant pharmacological properties. This review will be useful for prospective research and development of this ethnomedicinal plant into potentially valuable health products.

Keywords: Anthelmintic, Antibacterial,Anti-Diabetic, Osteoarthritis, Uncaria gambir
Relação entre primiparidade e episiotomia em pacientes atendidas em uma maternidade de alto risco da Região Norte do Brasil
Authors: Alves Antônio Sérgio Farias , Nascimento Clara Mariana Costa do
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Este trabalho visa estudar a correlação entre primiparidade e realização de episiotomia durante o trabalho de parto, bem como a correlação entre a realização de episiotomia em primíparas e a ocorrência de lesões perineais graves (3º e 4º grau), em pacientes atendidas em uma maternidade de alto risco da Região Norte do Brasil, entre janeiro de 2018 a janeiro de 2019. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo e observacional, onde 376 prontuários de pacientes de 15 a 35 anos e peso do recém-nascido entre 2000 e 3999 gramas que tiveram parto vaginal na instituição estudada foram selecionados aleatoriamente e analisados quanto a paridade, realização de episiotomia e grau de laceração perineal, se houve. Foi calculado o Risco Relativo (RR) de realização de episiotomia nas gestantes em geral e o de surgimento de lacerações perineias com e sem episiotomia em primíparas. Resultados: De 282 pacientes primíparas, 81 (28,73%) foram submetidas ao procedimento de episiotomia, em comparação com 4 (4,25%) de 94 pacientes multíparas. Dentre as primíparas que receberam episiotomia, nenhuma evoluiu com lacerações perineais graves, e dentre as que não receberam (201), apenas 3 (1,46%) evoluíram com lacerações perineais graves. Conclusão: Observou-se que primiparidade é fator de risco para a realização de episiotomia, e que o procedimento não teve significância estatística na prevenção de lesões perineais graves em primíparas. O impacto dos resultados ajudará a refletir sobre como é tratada a paciente primípara desta região e permitirá o aperfeiçoamento da assistência materna, estabelecendo metas para diminuir as taxas de uso de episiotomia.
Dynamic resource allocations in virtual networks through a knapsack problem's dynamic programming solution
Authors: Kengne Tchendji Vianney , YANKAM Yannick Florian
Published: January 2021

The high-value Internet services that have been significantly enhanced with the integration of network virtualization and Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology are increasingly attracting the attention of end-users and major computer network companies (Google, Amazon, Yahoo, Cisco, ...). In order to cope with this high demand, network resource providers (bandwidth, storage space, throughput, etc.) must implement the right models to understand and hold the users' needs while maximizing profits reaped or the number of satisfied requests into the virtual networks. This need is even more urgent that users' requests can be linked, thereby imposing to the InP some constraints concerning the mutual satisfaction of requests, which further complicates the problem. From this perspective, we show that the problem of resource allocation to users based on their requests is a knapsack problem and can therefore be solved efficiently by using the best dynamic programming solutions for the knapsack problem. Our contribution takes the dynamic resources allocation as a multiple knapsack's problem instances on variable value requests.

La multitude des services à forte valeur ajoutée offert par Internet et améliorés considérablement avec l'intégration de la virtualisation réseau et de la technologie des réseaux définis par logiciels (Software Defined Networking), suscite de plus en plus l'attention des utilisateurs finaux et des grands acteurs des réseaux informatiques (Google, Amazon, Yahoo, Cisco, ...); ainsi, pour faire face à cette forte demande, les fournisseurs de ressources réseau (bande passante, espace de stockage, débit, ...) doivent mettre en place les bons modèles permettant de bien prendre en main les besoins des utilisateurs tout en maximisant les profits engrangés ou le nombre de requêtes satis-faites dans les réseaux virtuels. Ce besoin est d'autant plus urgent que les requêtes des utilisateurs peuvent être interdépendantes, imposant de ce fait au FIP des contraintes de satisfaction mutuelle des requêtes, ce qui complexifie encore plus le problème. Dans cette optique, nous montrons que le problème d'allocation des ressources aux utilisateurs en fonction de leurs requêtes, se ramène à un problème de sac à dos et peut par conséquent être résolu de façon efficiente en exploitant les meilleures solutions de programmation dynamique pour le problème de sac à dos. Notre contribution considère l'allocation dynamique des ressources comme une application de plusieurs instances du problème de sac à dos sur des requêtes à valeurs variables.
ε-TPN: definition of a Time Petri Net formalism simulating the behaviour of the timed grafcets
Authors: Sogbohossou Médésu , Sogbohossou Medesu , Vianou Antoine , Gmati Nabil , Badouel Eric , Watson Bruce
Published: January 2021

To allow a formal verification of timed GRAFCET models, many authors proposed to translate them into formal and well-reputed languages such as timed automata or Time Petri nets (TPN). Thus, the work presented in [Sogbohossou, Vianou, Formal modeling of grafcets with Time Petri nets, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 23(5)(2015)] concerns the TPN formalism: the resulting TPN of the translation, called here ε-TPN, integrates some infinitesimal delays (ε) to simulate the synchronous semantics of the grafcet. The first goal of this paper is to specify a formal operational semantics for an ε-TPN to amend the previous one: especially, priority is introduced here between two defined categories of the ε-TPN transitions, in order to respect strictly the synchronous hypothesis. The second goal is to provide how to build the finite state space abstraction resulting from the new definitions.

Afin de permettre la vérification formelle des grafcets temporisés, plusieurs auteurs ont proposé de les traduire dans des langages formels de réputation tels que les automates temporisés et les réseaux de Petri temporels (TPN). Ainsi, les travaux présentés dans [Sogbohossou, Vianou, Formal modeling of grafcets with Time Petri nets, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 23(5)(2015)] concernent le formalisme des TPN: le réseau résultant de la traduction, dénommé ici ε-TPN, intègre des délais infinitésimaux (ε) pour simuler la sémantique synchrone du grafcet. Le premier objectif de cet article est de définir la sémantique opérationnelle d'un ε-TPN afin d'améliorer l'ancienne définition: spécifiquement, une priorité est introduite ici entre deux catégories de transitions définies pour ces réseaux, dans l'optique de respecter rigoureusement l'hypothèse synchrone. Le second but est de fournir une méthode de calcul de l'espace d'état fini qui découle des nouvelles définitions.
Operating diagram of a flocculation model in the chemostat
Authors: Fekih-Salem Radhouane , Sari Tewfik
Published: January 2021

The objective of this study is to analyze a model of the chemostat involving the attachment and detachment dynamics of planktonic and aggregated biomass in the presence of a single resource. Considering the mortality of species, we give a complete analysis for the existence and local stability of all steady states for general monotonic growth rates. The model exhibits a rich set of behaviors with a multiplicity of coexistence steady states, bi-stability, and occurrence of stable limit cycles. Moreover, we determine the operating diagram which depicts the asymptotic behavior of the system with respect to control parameters. It shows the emergence of a bi-stability region through a saddle-node bifurcation and the occurrence of coexistence region through a transcritical bifurcation. Finally, we illustrate the importance of the mortality on the destabilization of the microbial ecosystem by promoting the washout of species.

L'objectif de cette étude est d'analyser un modèle du chémostat impliquant la dynamique d'attachement et de détachement de la biomasse planctonique et agrégée en présence d'une seule ressource. En considérant la mortalité des espèces, nous donnons une analyse complète de l'existence et de la stabilité locale de tous les équilibres pour des taux de croissance monotones. Le modèle pré-sente un ensemble riche de comportements avec multiplicité d'équilibres de coexistence, bi-stabilité et apparition des cycles limites stables. De plus, nous déterminons le diagramme opératoire qui dé-crit le comportement asymptotique du système par rapport aux paramètres de contrôle. Il montre l'émergence d'une région de bi-stabilité via une bifurcation noeud col et l'occurrence d'une région de coexistence via une bifurcation transcritique. Enfin, nous illustrons l'importance de la mortalité sur la déstabilisation de l'écosystème microbien en favorisant le lessivage des espèces.
Analysis of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Model in SMEs
Authors: Atreya Arvind
Published: January 2021

In Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is considered as a cross-disciplinary segment applied in ergonomics, psychology and the engineering departments. HCI deals with the evaluation, implementation, designing and theoretical evaluation of means in which humans utilize and relate with computing applications. The term ‘Interaction’ is differentiated from other terminologies in the same application interface. The term refers to the abstract system which allows humans to interact with devices of computing for a particular industrial task. An application interface in this case applies to the selection of the technical (software and hardware) realization of a specified interaction system. Because of extensive research to incorporate diversified HCI into an understandable model, this paper evaluates HCI model in SMEs to provide the projected guidance to designers of the system using Information Technology (IT). The choice of a good model provides the recommendable direction for presentation languages e.g., Task Action Grammar (TAG) and the design actions determine the feel and look of the system. In this contribution, critical design projects in every discipline are identified alongside the present study trends and future research directions.
PERCEPÇÃO DE ENFERMEIROS GESTORES SOBRE A REDE DE ATENÇÃO ÀS URGÊNCIAS
Authors: Bastos Ismael Brioso , Macêdo Thamires Sales , Galindo Neto Nelson Miguel , Caetano Joselany Áfio , Carvalho Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima de , Barros Lívia Moreira
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção dos enfermeiros gestores acerca da Rede de Atenção às Urgências. Métodos: Estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido com 13 enfermeiros atuantes na gestão/coordenação. A coleta ocorreu a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas áudio gravadas e seu conteúdo foi transcrito e com processamento dos dados no software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: Obtiveram-se seis categorias: Porta de entrada e acompanhamento como atribuições da Atenção Primária; Problema de comunicação como complicadores da articulação em rede; Escuta, sensibilização e inclusão dos profissionais para iniciativas articuladoras da rede; Relação entre a comunicação e a integralidade do cuidado; Atenção primária, atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel e hospital como componentes da rede; Gestão como fonte de educação em saúde e educação permanente. Conclusão: A percepção dos enfermeiros sobre Rede de Atenção às Urgências encontra-se em evolução, existindo a necessidade de colaboração da gestão e dos serviços para implantação de capacitações para contribuir com um sistema articulado e interligado.
ДОМИНАНТНЕ ВРЕДНОСНЕ ОРИЈЕНТАЦИЈЕ И ФАКТОРИ ВРЕДНОСНОГ УСМЕРАВАЊА МЛАДИХ
Authors: С. Јевтић Бисера С. , Јовановић Александра С.
Published: January 2021

The aim of this paper is to point to the descriptors of value systems that exist in society, in Serbia as well as in other countries. Outlooks on morals and values sought to be brought closer, with the analysis of the results of research and pedagogical implications of authors across the world, primarily in students. It is aspired to discover which values dominate, that is, what are lifestyles of contemporary society. With the discussion on morals, values, a summed review of value preferences is given. It can be concluded that the same universal values prevail. Value pluralism is represented. Family is the most important value in people’s lives. The school is an institution of moral and value orientation in which the relationship of mutual respect should be emphasized. The pursuit of altruism and volunteerism is a reflection of positive attitudes and a desire to help others. Media have a significant role in forming values and it is necessary to use their educational function. Free time is also a significant segment in which one can influence forming values, and it is necessary to organize it with the aim of own development
ОЦЕЊИВАЊЕ УЧЕНИКА У АЛТЕРНАТИВНИМ ШКОЛАМА
Authors: Вукић Тамара , Јовановић Марија
Published: January 2021

The main prerequisites for ensuring the quality of education and the teaching process are the qualitative features of the assessment process and its efficiency. In order to show the benefits, role and importance of assessment characteristics that have been significantly neglected or completely absent in the formal education system, this paper presents an overview of alternative schools in which the evaluation and assessment process is based on such qualitative approaches. The paper presents the general characteristics of the education activities of the Waldorf School, Montessori School and Freinet’s School, with particular reference to the assessment and evaluation process. Based on the assessment characteristics in the abovementioned alternative schools, it can be concluded that this process is characterized by: a holistic approach; high level of individualization; motivation in place of categorization; collaboration and shared responsibility of teachers, students and parents; timely feedback as the foundation for self-evaluation and the absence of repressive effect of evaluation. The identified characteristics provide an opportunity to create innovative assessment techniques and mechanisms that can ensure the quality and efficiency of the assessment process in the formal education system and serve as the foundation for creating individualized assessment procedures which the teachers-practitioners can use to significantly improve their teaching skills and use assessment more as a tool for student development.
El arte en la resiliencia: relación entre las artes y la capacidad de resiliencia en Jóvenes
Authors: Rodríguez García Angelino
Published: January 2021

En la presente investigación de diseño cuantitativo y de corte transversal se busca evaluar los niveles de resiliencia y la relación con las artes que presenta una muestra de 63 jóvenes alrededor de los 15 años, procedentes de 3 centros educativos del sector público de la zona de Santo Domingo Oeste. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la correlación entre los niveles de resiliencia y las artes en jóvenes. Se utilizó una entrevista para evaluar la relación de los participantes con las artes y la Escala de Resiliencia Wagnild y Young (1993), adaptada al español por Novella (2002) para determinar sus niveles de resiliencia. Se evaluó de manera individual a cada uno de los participantes en un ambiente aislado para evitar que factores externos o sociales influyeran con los resultados. Una vez obtenidos, los resultados fueron analizados mediante estadísticos de normalidad Kolmogorov-Smirnov, tablas de frecuencia y la prueba de correlación de Spearman. Los resultados mostraron la predominancia de un nivel de resiliencia normal alto y alto en los jóvenes, como también de una relación con las artes moderada alta. Sin embargo, no se observó una correlación significativa entre la resiliencia y la relación de los jóvenes con las artes.
Analisis SWOT/TOWS Untuk Perencanaan Strategis Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi Informasi Pada SMK di Kota Lubuklinggau
Authors: Kurnia Okto
Published: January 2021

Currently, information and communication technology (ICT) has become an important sector for administering education in schools. The use of Information and Communication Technology is one of the determining aspects in competition. The condition of ICT in Vocational High Schools (SMK) in Lubuklinggau City has not fully used ICT-based applications, several schools that already have ICT applications and infrastructure are built themselves and are managed according to local needs both in the administration section and the support units. Meanwhile, on the other hand, there are still aspects of the public that are not yet based on ICTs with inadequate ICT facilities / infrastructure to support the success of organizational goals in the field of education optimally. For this reason, the researcher wants to help the Education Office of the City of Lubuklinggau to plan a technology strategy and information system that can be used as a guide in the ICT strategic plan. This study uses the SWOT / TOWS matrix as one of the methods applied for internal analysis in order to produce strategic planning proposals for ICT development for vocational schools in Lubuklinggau City.
SEDIMENTOLOGY OF BEACHES IN NORTHERN PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA, USA
Authors: NICHOLAS C. BROWN  , TIFFANY ROBERTS BRIGGS
Published: January 2021

Beach nourishment is a common strategy for erosion mitigation that also increases coastal resilience to storm impacts, provides habitat, and supports the economy. Regulations often require that placed sediment closely match the native grain size distribution and composition, however characteristics can vary based on the borrow site. Certain sediment properties will also influence beach slope and other critical beach functions. This study evaluates the 3-dimensional sediment properties and beach morphology of nourished and non-nourished barrier island beaches in northern Palm Beach County, Florida, USA. Surveyed beach profiles were compared with predicted slope based on median grain size. The inlet-adjacent beach managed with annual placement of beneficial use of dredged materials consisted of poorly sorted coarse sand and the steepest measured slope. Sediment was progressively finer and better sorted downdrift with decreasing foreshore slopes. Although sediment near the shoreline is typically the coarsest, clasts were finer than the mid-beach location suggesting that the sampling period coincided with beach recovery and onshore sediment transport of finer material. Sediment at the surface differed from sediment at depth, likely due to the frequent introduction of sediment from various borrow areas compared to the dominance of weathered coquina at depth. The non-carbonate, siliciclastic fraction was primary quartz with few other minerals. The estimated beach slope at the location with the coarsest sediment matched the measured slope. A lower beach slope was predicted for the other locations with finer grain sizes at the shoreline that was attributed to slightly steeper slopes associated with beach accretion. Therefore, complicated spatio-temporal morphodynamics of beaches should be considered when using median grain size from only one sampling event.
GRANITIC LANDSCAPE IN THE MUNRO PLUTON (TAPERA DE BURGOS), PROVINCE OF CHUBUT, PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA
Authors: EMILIA YOLANDA AGUILERA  , AGUSTINA REATO  , OSCAR MARTÍNEZ  , EUGENIO ARAGÓN  , JORGE RABASSA
Published: January 2021

The Munro Pluton is located in the extra-Andean region of the province of Chubut, Argentina, in northern Patagonia, northeast of the Sierra de Tecka and northwest of the Sierra de Languineo. It is a sub-volcanic pluton with a SHRIMP age of 60 Ma (Paleocene?). Studies of fission tracks on apatites of the studied region suggest that the exhumation of the region took place during the Paleogene, indicating that the lapse since its emplacement until its exhumation, took less than 35 Ma, and that the pluton has been exposed to weathering at least since the Miocene until present times. This pluton has ellipsoidal shape and a surface of 25 km2 and it is intruded by two dyke systems. The Munro Pluton develops a landscape whose weathering front exposes fresh rocks, regolith zones and boulders immersed in regolith. Granitic landforms have been recognized at different scales. Among the bigger landforms of the granitic landscape, the following have been identified: domes (bornhardts), nubbins, koppies and smaller landforms such as boulders, flared slopes, gnammas, rills/gutters/gullies, tafoni and pseudo-bedding. Structural and textural observations allowed the inference that many of the identified landforms are generated in the sub-soil, being followed by the regolith mobilization thus exposing the paleo-weathering front. Other landforms have a tectonic component associated for their development, such as pseudo-bedding, as well as the endogenous deformations, related to the emplacement type of the Munro pluton. In general, most of the landforms are convergent as they evolve along different pathways.
Malunited Isolated Intra-articular Fracture of Ulnar Head
Authors: Sengodan Mugundhan M
Published: January 2021

Fractures of distal ulna are often associated with fracture distal radius. Isolated intra-articular fractures of ulnar head have very rarely been reported in the literature. Displaced intra-articular fractures of ulna head should be treated properly so that the distal radio ulnar joint congruence is maintained. I am reporting a case of malunited isolated intra-articular fracture of ulnar head in young girl which was treated by open reduction and internal fixation. Logan and Lindau in their review of literature and recommendations for treatment of distal ulna fractures in adults found only few case reports. All those reported cases were treated soon after the injury. This case has been presented not only for its rarity but also to recognize the importance of managing the intra-articular fractures properly even in distal ulna.

How to cite this article: Sengodan MM. Malunited Isolated Intra-articular Fracture of Ulnar Head. J Orth Joint Surg 2020;2(2):74–78.