bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Forecasting of COVID-19 New Cases in Top 10 Infected African Countries 
Authors: Argawu Alemayehu Siffir
Published: October 2020

Background: COVID-19 total cases have reached 1,083,071 (83.5%) in the top 10 infected African countries (South Africa, Egypt, Morocco, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Algeria, Ghana, Kenya, Cameroon, and Côte d’Ivoire) from Feb 14 to Sep 6, 2020. Then, this study aimed to model and forecast of COVID-19 new cases in these top 10 infected African countries.Methods: In this study, the COVID 19 new cases data have been modeled and forecast using curve estimation regression and time series models for these top 10 infected African countries from Feb 14 to Sep 6, 2020. Results: From July to August, the prevalence of COVID-19 cumulative cases was declined in South Africa, Côte d’Ivoire, Egypt, Ghana, Cameron, Nigeria, and Algeria by 31%, 26%, 22%, 20%, 14%, 12%, and 4%, respectively. But, it was highly raised in Ethiopia and Morocco by 41%, and 38% in this period, respectively. In Kenya, it was raised only by 1%. In this study, the cubic regression models for the ln(COVID-19 new cases) data were relatively the best fit for Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, and South Africa. And, the quadratic regression models for the data were the best fit for Cameroon, Cote dʹIvoire, and Ghana. The Algeria data was followed by the logarithmic regression model. In the time series analysis, the Algeria, Egypt, and South Africa COVID-19 new cases data have fitted the ARIMA (0,1,0), ARIMA (0,1,0), and ARIMA (0,1,14) models, respectively. The Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, and Nigeria data have fitted the simple exponential smoothing models. Ethiopia, Kenya, and Morocco data have followed the Damped trend, Holt, and Brown exponential smoothing models, respectively. In the analysis, the trends of COVID-19 new cases will be declined for Algeria and Ethiopia, and the trends will be constant for Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, and Nigeria. But, it will be raised slightly for Egypt and Kenya, and significantly for Morocco and South Africa from September 7 to October 6, 2020.Conclusion: This study was conducted with the current measures; the forecasts and trends obtained may differ from the number of cases that occur in the future. Thus, the study finding should be useful in preparedness planning against the further spread of the COVID-19 epidemic in African countries. And, the researcher recommended that as many countries continue to relax restrictions on movement and mass gatherings, and more are opening their air spaces’, and the countries’ other public and private sectors are reopening. So, strong appropriate public health and social measures must be instituted on the grounds again.
Exploring the feasibility of a network of organizations for pain rehabilitation: what are the lessons learned?
Authors: Lamper Cynthia , Huijnen Ivan PJ , Kroese Mariëlle EAL , Köke Albère J , Brouwer Gijs , Ruwaard Dirk , Verbunt Jeanine AMCF
Published: October 2020

Background and aims: Integration of care is lacking for chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) patients. Network Pain Rehabilitation Limburg (NPRL), a transmural health care network, has been designed to provide integrated rehabilitation care from a biopsychosocial perspective to improve patients’ levels of functioning. This feasibility study aims to provide insight into barriers and facilitators for the development, implementation, and transferability of NPRL.Methods: This study was conducted with a three-phase iterative and incremental design from October 2017 to October 2018. NPRL comprises two rehabilitation practices, and three local primary care networks, with a general practitioner together with, a mental health practice nurse, and a physiotherapist or exercise therapist. These stakeholders with a random sample of participating patients took part in evaluations, consisting of interviews, focus groups, and observations. Field notes and observations were recorded during meetings. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research guided data collection and analysis. Results were used to refine the next phase.Results: According to health care professionals (HCPs), guidelines and treatment protocols facilitate consistency and transparency in collaboration, biopsychosocial language, and treatment. One barrier is stigmatization of CMP in society. Non-participating HCPs’ treatment approaches are often more biomedical than biopsychosocial, causing patients to resist participating in NPRL. The current organization of health care, with cultural, structural, and financial aspects, acts as a barrier, complicating implementation between and within practices. HCPs preferred the iterative, bottom-up strategy. A critical mass of participating organizations is needed for proper implementation.Conclusion: NPRL is feasible in daily practice if barriers are overcome and facilitators of development, implementation, and transferability are promoted. These findings will be used to refine NPRL. A large-scale process and effect evaluation will be performed. Our implementation strategies and results may assist other health care organizations aspiring to implement a transmural network using a similar model.
Covid-19 and HIV: not always an unfavorable combination
Authors: Bertozzi Pedro Vieira , Vicente Amanda de Oliveira , Pereira Amanda Siqueira , de Sant'Ana João Pedro Espinha , Mano Rafaela Braga Cabrera , Jorge Luciana Souza , Sardenberg Rodrigo Afonso da Silva
Published: October 2020

Background: A 73-years-old-man patient who had a history of Human Immunodefiency Virus (HIV) infection for over 20 years was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Case presentation: The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), where he remained for 25 days, due to a severe condition. Intubation, hemodialysis and tracheostomy were necessary to maintain homeostasis. In addition to regular treatment with etravirine, dolutegravir, darunavir and ritonavir for highly active antiretroviral therapy, the patient received To-cilizumab, which showed a great recovery in the patient's condition.Conclusion : The patient had several risk factors, such as: male gender, age> 70 years and hypertension. The use of To-cilizumab was of great importance in the patient's recovery, since the drug increased his immune response, which is deficient, due to HIV infection.
Antimicrobial Resistance: Causes And Consequences
Authors: Mazińska Beata , Hryniewicz Waleria
Published: October 2020

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered as one of the most important threats for public health with global dimensions. The aim of this paper is to analyze the causes and consequences of antimicrobial resistance and the actions which should be taken in order to reduce this threat. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics are believed to be responsible for the emergence of resistant pathogens. These occur not only in human medicine but also in veterinary medicine, animal husbandry and plant production. Another factor which contributes to the global spread of resistant pathogens is low sanitation, mainly encountered in low and middle income countries. However, low quality infection control programs and the lack of antibiotic stewardship programs also contribute to the dissemination of resistant strains. Other factors which were shown to have impact are population movement, medical tourism, intensive trade exchange and climate change. The consequences of increased resistance such as medical, microbiological, epidemiological, psychological and economic are also discussed. Finally, several documents of WHO and European Union underlying “One health” approach in the combat of resistance as well as international projects addressing problem of AMR are described. The importance of broad education campaigns targeting medical professionals, health care decision makers and general public in combat of AMR such as European Antibiotic Awareness Day (EU) and International Antibiotics Awareness Week (WHO) are also discussed.

1. Introduction 2. The epidemiological situation of resistance in Poland in comparison with EU countries 3. Causes of the rise and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. 4. Consequences of increasing AMR. 5. What actions have been taken in the fight against antibiotic resistance and what are their results. 6. Summary
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Var. Boulardii Probiotic Yeasts As Etiological Agents Of Oportunistic Infections In Humans
Authors: Roeske Katarzyna , Zasuń Aleksandra , Cieślik Justyna , Wróblewska Marta , Jagielski Tomasz
Published: October 2020

S. cerevisiae var. boulardii yeasts, historically recognized as a separate species, are now considered a subspecies of S. cerevisiae. Strains of S. cerevisiae var. boulardii are widely used for prevention and treatment of disorders of human digestive system. The use of preparations based on S. cerevisiae var. boulardii impacts the functioning of the intestinal barrier, which leads to a change in the composition of the digestive tract microbiota and alleviates intestinal epithelial defects. Despite the clinically confirmed probiotic properties of these unicellular microorganisms, the number of reports of infections in humans has been increasing. Population studies suggest that S. cerevisiae yeasts are responsible for 0.1–3.6% of all cases of mycoses in patients receiving therapy with probiotics containing S. cerevisiae var. boulardii. The presence of a central venous catheter, parenteral nutrition, immunosuppression and co-morbidities in patients are considered as factors predisposing for infection. This work summarizes the most important information on biology of S. cerevisiae var. boulardii and presents the latest epidemiological data on fungemia caused by these fungi.

1. Introduction. 2. Applications of S. cerevisiae yeasts. 3. Isolation and taxonomy of probiotic yeasts S. cerevisiae var. boulardii. 4. Probiotic features of S. cerevisiae var. boulardii. 5. S. cerevisiae var. boulardii infections. 5.1. Review of S. cerevisiae var. boulardii fungemia cases. 6. Conclusions
METHODS OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS FOR FISH SPECIES IDENTIFICATION
Authors: Fomina T. A. , Kornienko V. Yu. , Minaev M. Yu.
Published: October 2020

The growth in demand for fish products as a result of globalization of trade caused a risks and threats of selling poor-quality and falsified fish products. This has become a great problem both for supervising agencies and for consumers.

Many countries have regulations on food labelling and safety. For example, in the Russian Federation, Republic of Belarus and Republic of Kazakhstan has been passed the Technical Regulation of the Customs Union TR CU022/2011 “Food products in part of their labeling” that aims to prevent misinformation of consumers to ensuring realization of consumer rights to reliable information about food products, and Technical Regulation TR EAEU040/2016 “On safety of fish and fish products” requires indication of the zoological name of the species of the aquatic biological resource or the object of aquaculture.

Fish species identification is traditionally carried out based on external morphological traits. However, it becomes impossible to identify species by ichthyological traits upon fish cutting, if the head and fins are removed, and the body is cut on pieces (especially, in case of fillets) and even more so upon technological processing. In this case, objective analytical methods of species identification are used, which are based on ELISA or PCR. However, DNA‑based methods have several advantages compared to ELISA methods and complement traditional morphological identification methods. This paper gives a wide overview of the most recent and used methods of fish species identification based on DNA analysis such as single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, species-specific PCR, real-time PCR, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP), DNA barcoding, Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS).
RESULTS DESIGNING AND ANALYSIS WHEN INTRODUCING NEW BEVERAGE IDENTIFICATION CRITERIA
Authors: Ageikina I. I. , Lazareva E. G. , Mikhailova I. Yu. , Semipyatny V. K.
Published: October 2020

Building a digital profile of food product with use of modern mathematical apparatus of basic matrices is a solution to the problem of designing innovative beverage recipes. In this regard, for the effective use of the food resource base, modeling and production of high-quality food products, there is an acute problem of developing a methodology for identifying food products using the full range of the currently available analytical base. The article discusses an algorithm for constructing a flexible experimental design for the new identification criteria development, taking into account the laboratory research peculiarities in the beverage industry. The application of software in experiment designing is considered and a practical example of integrated designing based on the construction of an identification criterion for wine materials is presented.
Eficacia de los tests de Helkimo y Krogh – Paulsen en el diagnóstico de la disfunción tempormandibular
Authors: Gomez Emilio
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: el presente estudio se planteó para evaluar la eficacia de los Test de Helkimo y Krogh – Paulsen para el diagnóstico de la disfunción temporomadibular, además de determinar por medio de las pruebas de sensibilidad y especificidad la consistencia para el Test Krogh – Paulsen. Materiales y Métodos: se seleccionaron 30 sujetos con edades comprendidas entre15 ±30 años inscritos en la Escuela de Estomatología de la Universidad Alas del Perú, los cuales fueron examinados por medio de los Test de Helkimo y Krogh – Paulsen de acuerdo a los indicadores de cada instrumento, estos fueron evaluados clínicamente con la instrumentaría adecuada para diagnosticar disfunción temporomadibular. Los datos fueron analizados por pruebas estadísticas apropiadas con un valor de p<0,05. Resultados: El Test Helkimo presenta resultados positivos de disfunsión temporomadibular en un 93,3% y el Test Krogh – Paulsen 76,6%, aún cuando la prueba Chi= 3,268 con un p= 0,0706 lo cual muestra que no hay diferencias significativas entre ambos test. Posteriormente se efectuó la prueba de sensibilidad con un 78,6% y de especificidad con 50%. Conclusiones: El Test de Helkimo y Krogh – Paulsen no presentan diferencias en su capacidad de diagnostico, enfatizando la congruencia metodológica en cuanto a comparación de instrumentos para el diagnostico de la disfunción temporomadibular, además del establecimiento de parámetros metodológicos para las interpretaciones de dichos test.
Carta a Sunedu
Authors: Alas Peruanas Universidad
Published: October 2020

Tengo el honor de dirigirme a Usted, para saludarlo y a la vez para manifestarle que en atención a la carta consignada en la referencia del presente documento remitida por su despacho a la Asociación de mi representada, hago de su conocimiento de acuerdo a su requerimiento
The impact of inclusive leadership behaviors on innovative workplace behavior with an emphasis on the mediating role of work engagement
Authors: Falih Bannay Dheyaa , Jabbar Hadi Mohammed , Abdullah Amanah Ahmed
Published: October 2020

Work creativity manifested in innovative workplace behavior (IWB) and employee work engagement is fundamental to maintaining firm’s sustainability and competitiveness. In this regard, this study investigates the supporting effect of innovative leadership on IWB and employee engagement by maximizing employee vigor, dedication, and absorption. The study data were collected using a questionnaire-based technique, and the questionnaires were administered to 150 respondents working in mobile phone companies in Southern and Central Iraq. The results were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and SmartPLS software. The study results revealed that inclusive leadership and work engagement were significantly related to IWB, and work engagement played a mediating role between inclusive leadership and IWB. The findings further indicated that inclusive leadership behaviors such as openness, accessibility, and availability motivated the subordinates to be engaged in IWB. To promote IWB, company leaders need to effectively engage their followers by taking pride and satisfaction in employee output, which might help employee work engagement and IWB.
The Effects of Unstable Macroeconomic Indicators on Stock Price Behavior of Banking Sector in the Nigerian Stock Market
Authors: Abdullahi Ibrahim Bello
Published: October 2020

The research aimed to investigate the stock price behavior of banking sector in response to unstable macroeconomic variables in the Nigerian stock market. The research employed ex-post facto research design, and the data were subjected to Autoregressive Distributed Lag method of analysis to examine both the short and long run of the studied variables between 2009 and 2018. The findings reveal significant negative effects of interest rate and foreign reserves on the stock price behavior of the banking sector in the long run. Meanwhile, the inflation rate has a significant positive influence on stock price behavior. Then, the exchange rate is not statistically significant in influencing stock price behavior in the Nigerian stock market. It can be concluded that the stock price behavior of banking sector is influenced by foreign external reserve, interest rate, and inflation rate. It is recommended that the monetary policy rate should be reduced to decrease the cost of borrowing and enhance liquidity level in the stock market.
The Distribution Channel Preferences in Purchase Decision-Making of Backpacker Hostel Customers
Authors: Pramudita Aditia Sovia , Bisma Muhammad Ardhya , Guslan Darfial
Published: October 2020

The research aimed to find the correlation between distribution channels to each purchase decision-making process in hostel buying. This research was quantitative research using questionnaires to gather the data from 349 respondents. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data to find the correlation between each variable. The result shows that Online Travel Agent (OTA) has a significant and positive relationship to every purchase decision-making process. Then, go-show has only a significant and positive correlation in the purchase decision step. Meanwhile, the company’s website has a significant and positive relationship to purchase decision and postpurchase behavior steps. Last, the travel agent has no positive correlation to any of the customer decision-making process. Based on those facts, OTA remains the first choice of customers in terms of hostel buying.
The Importance of Service Quality in Building Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in the Service Industry: A Case Study of Hunky Dory Barbershop
Authors: Arifin Muhammad Fakhrul , Hartoyo Hartoyo , Yusuf Eva Z
Published: October 2020

The research aimed to see how the influence of service quality was on customer satisfaction and loyalty in Hunky Dory Barbershop. The research was an explanatory research. The sampling technique was done by giving questionnaires to random customers who came to Hunky Dory barbershop. Analysis applied Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) to see the relationship between variables of service quality, price perception, trust, customer satisfaction, and loyalty. The results show that all variables affect customer satisfaction and loyalty, except price perception. It does not affect satisfaction since customers do not consider price when they are satisfied with the service. There is a significant positive relationship between service quality and loyalty which shows that the higher the service quality is, the higher the loyalty will be.
Shock Freezing of Bakery Products using Non-Traditional Raw Materials at Public Catering Establishments
Authors: Roshchyna Alena , Grigorieva Roza , Baranets Svetlana , Davydenko N. , Kurakin Mikhail S
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Shock freezing is widely used in food industry. However, it is not popular with public catering enterprises that produce their own bread and bakery products. Many businesses prefer to use ready-made frozen semi-finished products, rather than to bake them on their own. However, the range of such semi-finished products is not sufficiently diverse: as a rule, it includes “basic” popular products. The authors believe that bread can be an advantageous image product for any public catering company. Fresh bread makes the company more competitive. Shock freezing technology can help public catering enterprises to expand their range of bakery products, diversify the bread menu, and increase profitability. The research objective was to establish shock-freezing modes for bakery products produced in the conditions of a public catering enterprise, including using non-traditional raw materials, e.g. cranberry and beet puree. Study objects and methods. The research featured samples of baked products from yeast dough prepared in various ways, including shock-freezing technology. The quality of the raw materials and finished products was assessed by a combination of organoleptic and physicochemical indicators using standard methods. Results and discussion. The article introduces new scientific-based formulations of yeast dough products with beetroot and cranberry puree, modes and parameters of shock freezing and baking of bakery products in the conditions of a public catering enterprise. The doses of beet and cranberry puree that provide the best quality indicators of finished products were 10% of beet and 5% of cranberry puree per unit of flour. The authors studied the effect of baking time on the quality of frozen bakery products, as well as the freezing time and the cooking time after refreezing. Conclusion. The research established the quality indicators, modes, and parameters of shock freezing of bakery products at chain catering enterprises. The optimal freezing time for 50 g products after 10 min of baking in a convection oven at 180°C proved 50 ± 2 min at –40°C; the baking time after refreezing was 10 min at 180°C.
Unified Standards of the Eurasian Economic Union for Fruit and Vegetable Products as a Means of Integrated Trade in the Global Economic Environment
Authors: Moskovenko Nadezhda , Tikhonov Sergey , Tikhonova Nataliya , Muratov Askar
Published: October 2020

Introduction. A unified system of normative and technical regulation can facilitate export of fruit and vegetables. The research objective was to develop a draft of unified standards for marketing regulation and quality control of fruit and vegetable products that participate in foreign trade in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).

Study objects and methods. The study featured draft standards for quality of prepared and packaged food products, classification, size, labeling, packaging, safety indicators, etc. The research also included development programs of interstate standards for technical regulations and objects of technical regulation, i.e. fresh fruit and vegetables. Research methods involved comparison, analysis, synthesis, peer review, comprehensive standardization, and system analysis.

Results and its discussion. The present article provides an analytical review of the world export of fruit and vegetables by EAEU countries. Export to third countries demonstrated a positive growth trend: the export of vegetables increased by 19.3% and that of fruit – by 3.6%, in comparison with 2018. The paper focuses on the structure of the drafts, their main tasks and advantages. It gives a detailed description of drafts that regulate pre-export standards (quality, commodity procedures, packaging, etc.), as well as post-export requirements. The authors developed standards that specify maturity, calibration, labeling, hygienic requirements, contaminants, etc. The draft standards may help to regulate the sale and control of the commercial quality of fresh fruit and vegetables, including organic products.

Conclusion. The new international standards for fresh fruit and vegetables, including organic products, will reduce procedural and documentary barriers between the EAEU and the world market, thus increasing the volume of foreign trade in fruit and vegetables.
Смысложизненные ориентации у людей с разным уровнем страха смерти
Authors: Дмитриева Полина Р.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. This paper examines meaning-in-life orientations in individuals with different levels of fear of death and provides a theoretical overview of the phenomenon of death in the context of studies of meaning-in-life orientations. Attitudes towards death and their associations with the value and meaning sphere are insufficiently developed in Russian psychological studies. The phenomenon of death should be studied in the context of meaningfulness of life and the formation of a conscious attitude towards life. This study is first to examine associations among the meaningfulness of life, life satisfaction, and attitudes towards death in individuals for whom the issues of death and dying are not relevant in their current life situation. Methods. These were psychodiagnostic techniques, including the Life Satisfaction questionnaire, the Meaning-in-Life Orientations test, MLO (Russian-language version of the Purpose-in-Life Test modified by D. A. Leont'ev), and the Death Attitude Profile-Revised (a modified version by T. A. Gavrilova) and methods of mathematical statistics for data processing (descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and Mann–Whitney test). Results. This section contains data from an empirical study involving 148 individual participants aged 18–50 years. The findings indicate that respondents with a high level of fear of death are characterized by a lower level of vital involvement and meaningfulness of life. Discussion. The results suggest that there are associations between the level of fear of death and meaning-in-life orientations. Significant differences in the levels of vital involvement, meaningfulness of life, and attitudes towards death were found among individuals with different levels of fear of death. Attitudes towards death are directly related to the meaningfulness of life and life satisfaction.
Устойчивые к полевым повреждениям структуры кремний-сверхтонкий окисел (42 нм)-поликремний
Authors: Белорусов Д.А. , Гольдман Е.И. , Нарышкина В.Г. , Чучева Г.В.
Published: October 2020

Results of studies of silicon−silicon-ultrathin oxide (42 A˚ )−polysilicon structures structures stabile resistant to field damage are presented. It was found that the total recharging of localized electronic states and minority charge carriers, concentrated at the substrate-insulator interface, which occurs with a change in the field voltage and is close to the same characteristic of structures with an oxide thickness of 37 A˚ . The current, flowing through SiO2, in the enrichment state of the semiconductor increases with increasing voltage much more strongly than in the state of depletion. Moreover, the asymmetry of current-voltage characteristics in relation to the polarity of the voltage, falling on the insulator in samples with a thickness of 42 A˚ SiO2 is more pronounced than in structures with an oxide of 37 A˚ . An
explanation for this asymmetry is possible, if the potential relief in the insulator has a maximum, significantly shifted to the oxide−polysilicon interface, and the potential on the branch from
the semiconductor side significantly decreases to the contact with the substrate.
Тонкопленочные барорезисторы на основе твердых растворов Sm-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Gd-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-S
Authors: Каминский В.В. , Соловьев С.М. , Степанов Н.Н. , Каменская Г.А. , Хавров Г.Д. , Александров С.Е.
Published: October 2020

Исследовано влияние концентрации Gd на температурный и барический коэффициенты электросопротивления тонких поликристаллических пленок твердых растворов системы Sm1-xGdxS, где x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.33 и 0.5. Пленки изготовлены методом взрывного испарения в вакууме порошков исходных соединений и седиментацией последних из газовой фазы на стеклянные подложки. Получены зависимости температурного alpha и барического beta коэффициентов электросопротивления, а также их отношения γ от концентрации x Gd в системе твердых растворов SmS-GdS, на основании которых определены оптимальные составы для изготовления тонкопленочных тензо- и барорезисторов. Ключевые слова: тензо- и барорезистор, содержание Sm и Gd, моносульфид самария, коэффициент электросопротивления.
Спектроскопические исследования интегрированных гетероструктур GaAs/Si
Authors: Середин П.В. , Голощапов Д.Л. , Арсентьев И.Н. , Николаев Д.Н. , Пихтин Н.А. , Слипченко С.О.
Published: October 2020

Целью работы являлось исследование влияния нового типа податливых подложек на основе сверхструктурного слоя (SL) AlGaAs и слоя протопористого кремния (proto-Si), сформированного на c-Si, на оптические свойства эпитаксиального слоя GaAs, выращенного методом МОС-гидридной эпитаксии. Впервые показано, что низкотемпературный рост высококачественных эпитаксиальных пленок GaAs может быть реализован за счет использования податливых подложек SL/proto-Si. Введение SL в состав податливой подложки в дополнение к proto-Si позволяет нивелировать ряд негативных эффектов низкотемпературного роста, снизить уровень напряжений в эпитаксиальном слое, защитить от автолегирования атомами кремния, сократить число технологических операций по росту переходных буферных слоев, улучшить структурные и морфологические характеристики эпитаксиального слоя, а также достичь хороших оптических характеристик слоя. Проведены исследования полученных гетероструктур GaAs/Si методами рамановской спектроскопии, фотолюминесценции, спектроскопии оптического пропускания-отражения. Полученные данные послужат важным материалом для понимания основ физики и технологии интегрированных гетероструктур AIIIBV/Si, способствуя их применению в устройствах оптоэлектроники. Ключевые слова: гетероструктура GaAs/Si, податливая подложка, proto-Si, сверхструктурный слой, рамановская спектроскопия, фотолюминесценция, оптические спектры
Механизм формирования критического тока высокотемпературных сверхпроводников, содержащих сквозные микроскопические дефекты
Authors: Максимова А.Н. , Кашурников В.А. , Мороз А.Н. , Руднев И.А.
Published: October 2020

The critical current of a model high-temperature superconductor (HTSC) with defects in the form of through holes (antidots) with a characteristic size greater than or of the order of the penetration depth of the magnetic field is calculated. To do this, the subprocesses equivalent to the trapping of the magnetic flux by the hole and the creation of a vortex at the edge of the hole are introduced into the model of layered HTSC. It is shown that accounting for these subprocesses leads to the appearance of a physical mechanism that allows us to correctly describe the non-monotonic dependence of the critical current on the characteristic size of the antidot, similar to that observed in the experiment. Calculations were performed for a pure superconductor and a superconductor containing nanoscale pinning centers. It is shown that the presence of nanoscale pinning centers along with antipoints does not change the qualitative picture of the influence of the antidot radius on the pinning character of the magnetic flux and the behavior of the critical current in the HTSC.
Стабилизация мартенсита на нанопреципитатах и кинетика взрывообразного мартенситного перехода
Authors: Малыгин Г.А.
Published: October 2020

На основе теории размытых мартенситных переходов (РМП) анализируется физический механизм влияния дисперсных наночастиц-преципитатов на возникновение таких особенностей деформационного поведения сплавов с эффектом памяти формы как стабилизация мартенсита при температурах существенно выше температур As и Af, характерных для сплава в отсутствие в нем когерентных с матрицей наночастиц. Причиной стабилизации мартенсита являются связанные с частицами поля внутренних упругих напряжений, служащие местами гетерогенного зарождения мартенсита. Теоретически продемонстрировано, что с ростом объемной концентрации наночастиц восстановление деформации памяти формы занимает все более узкий температурный интервал и происходит при все более высокой температуре. После достижения некоторого критического значения концентрации частиц возврат деформации ПФ теряет стабильность и приобретает взрывообразный характер. Ключевые слова: сплавы с ЭПФ, дисперсные наночастицы, стабилизация мартенсита, стабильный и нестабильный (взрывообразный) мартенситный переход.
К расчету оптических характеристик и размерных сдвигов поверхностных плазмонов сферических биметаллических наночастиц
Authors: Коротун А.В. , Погосов В.В.
Published: October 2020

Formulas are obtained for the effective relaxation time when the electron mean free path is less or comparable with the characteristic dimensions of the metallic regions. The frequency dispersion of the optical characteristics of spherical bimetallic particles near plasma resonances is calculated in the absence of quantum-size effects. Maintaining the style of the generally accepted description of monometallic particles based on the theories of Drude and Mie, the frequency dependence of the electric dipole polarizability of a two-layer metal nanosphere is analyzed. The appearance of two maxima of polarizability is a consequence of the difference between the metals of the core and the shell. The calculations were performed for Au @ Ag, Ag @ Au, Au @ Pt, Pt @ Au, and Pt @ Pd particles immersed in Teflon. The possibility of controlling the optical characteristics of bimetallic particles by changing their composition and volumetric content of metals has been demonstrated. The calculations of the absorption and scattering cross sections, as well as the optical radiation efficiency of particles in a wide spectral range, have been performed. The possible temperature of bimetallic particles upon absorption of an electromagnetic wave (for the purposes of photothermal therapy of malignant tumors) has been estimated. Key words: bimetallic nanoparticle, surface plasmon, polarizability, absorption cross section, scattering cross section, relaxation time.
Эффекты микрофазового разделения и корреляции типа плотность-плотность в аморфных полимерных пленках
Authors: Новиков Д.В.
Published: October 2020

The topology of density fluctuations on the surface of amorphous films obtained from solutions of some flexible-chain polymers has been studied using electron microscopy data in the submicron and micron scale ranges. It is shown that as the initial concentration of solutions increases, the effects of microphase separation in films increase due to the self-organization of aggregates (clusters) of macromolecules: anisotropy, long-range order, and correlation length of density fluctuations increase. Self-organization ends with the formation of an infinite cluster of particles, periodically-inhomogeneous in density and occupying ~ 30% of the surface of the films. The density – density correlation function of such a cluster on the ~ ξ scale has a universal form that does not depend on the composition and molecular weight of the polymer.
Book Review
Authors: Horbinski Andrea
Published: October 2020

Review of Manga from the Floating World: Comicbook Culture and the Kibyôshi of Edo Japan (2nd ed.) by Adam L. Kern.
Indigenous Shôjo
Authors: Spiker Christina
Published: October 2020

Little scholarly attention has been given to the visual representations of the Ainu people in popular culture, even though media images have a significant role in forging stereotypes of indigeneity. This article investigates the role of representation in creating an accessible version of indigenous culture repackaged for Japanese audiences. Before the recent mainstream success of manga/anime Golden Kamuy (2014–), two female heroines from the arcade fighting game Samurai Spirits (Samurai supirittsu)—Nakoruru and her sister Rimururu—formed a dominant expression of Ainu identity in visual culture beginning in the mid-1990s. Working through the in-game representation of Nakoruru in addition to her larger mediation in the anime media mix, this article explores the tensions embodied in her character. While Nakoruru is framed as indigenous, her body is simultaneously represented in the visual language of the Japanese shôjo, or “young girl.” This duality to her fetishized image cannot be reconciled and is critical to creating a version of indigenous femininity that Japanese audiences could easily consume. This paper historicizes various representations of indigenous Otherness against the backdrop of Japanese racism and indigenous activism in the late 1990s and early 2000s by analyzing Nakoruru’s official representation in the game franchise, including her appearance in a 2001 OVA, alongside fan interpretations of these characters in self-published comics (dôjinshi) criticized by Ainu scholar Chupuchisekor.
Nuevas cláusulas fiscales en la Constitución. El combate contra el déficit fiscal y el endeudamiento
Authors: Risso Ferrand Martín
Published: October 2020

Partiendo de un proceso extendido de déficits fiscales y endeudamientos públicos muy importantes, se advierte el inicio de un proceso de incorporación de previsiones en las constituciones para revertir esta realidad. Luego de analizar el problema y las principales soluciones del derecho comparado, el autor concluye en la conveniencia de incorporar este tipo de cláusulas, pero definidas con enfoques interdisciplinarios. Termina enfrentando los problemas que la compatibilización de los derechos humanos con el equilibrio fiscal implica.
Concentración de la riqueza en América Latina en el siglo XXI
Authors: Alarco Tosoni Germán , Castillo García Cesar
Published: October 2020

El artículo presenta la magnitud de la riqueza de las diferentes economías de América Latina y el proceso de concentración de ésta hacia los billonarios (superricos) y los tramos más altos en perjuicio de los pequeños ricos, las clases medias-altas y medias –a excepción de Chile, Perú y otras economías–. Si bien América Latina tiene una elevada concentración de la riqueza, su coeficiente Gini es menor al del resto de las regiones del mundo. En el periodo de estudio se registra una clara tendencia creciente en la concentración de la riqueza de la región y el mundo.
Misguided Opposition to Multiplicity Adjustment Remains a Problem
Authors: Frane Andrew V.
Published: October 2020

Fallacious arguments against multiplicity adjustment have been cited with increasing frequency to defend unadjusted tests. These arguments and their enduring impact are discussed in this paper.
Incorporating producer opinions into a SWOT analysis of the U.S. tart cherry industry
Authors: Lagoudakis Angelos , McKendree Melissa G.S. , Malone Trey , Caputo Vincenzina
Published: October 2020

While SWOT analysis is common in strategic management, the academic literature rarely incorporates responses and opinions held by those within the industry of interest. This article contributes to the agribusiness literature by identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the tart cherry industry and surveying stakeholders to integrate their feedback into the analysis. Results indicate that producer views on the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats of the tart cherry industry are heterogeneous. Results also suggest that growers perceive consumer interest towards nutritional/healthy and natural food products as the main opportunity for the tart cherry industry, while imports are considered the biggest threat.
Pemberian Grasi dan Maaf dalam Bingkai Kajian Teoritik Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan (Studi Komparatif Hukum Positif dan Hukum Islam)
Authors: Sari Asih Puspo
Published: October 2020

Abstract In the Criminal Code there are several differences that are the reasons for the review of theories and the application of reasons for clemency or forgiveness. The theories that form the basis of forgiveness will lead to different views. In connection with sources of clemency (Positive Criminal Law) and forgiveness (Islamic Criminal Law) have differences. Where clemency is the prerogative of the president as the temporary head of state, forgiveness can only be given by the heirs of the victim as the party who lost the victim. This study aims to find out where the justice is if the granting of pardon/ apology is given by the president with only consideration from the Supreme Court. Meanwhile, in Islamic Law also regulates the apology for the perpetrators of the crime of murder which is the right of the heirs of the victim. This research is a qualitative research with the type of research used is library research. It is said as library research or document study because this research is mostly conducted on written regulations or other legal materials which are secondary in the library. Keyword: Pardon, Forgiveness, and Crime of Murder
DIVERSITY OF POLISH REGIONS IN THE LEVEL OF TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Pomianek Iwona
Published: October 2020

The study aims to identify spatial diversity and possible concentrations of 16 Polish regions regarding their infrastructure development levels in the period of 2005–2018. Measuring development of technical infrastructure requires the use of several variables due to its multidimensional character. It justifies the use of multivariate analysis. Based on the method of Hellwig’s development measure, three groups of regions were defined. Five of the analysed regions did not change their position in the 2018 ranking as compared to 2005. These were regions from the top three: Śląskie, Dolnośląskie and Małopolskie (south-western Poland), as well as two regions in the class with the lowest level of technical infrastructure development: Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Podlaskie (north-eastern Poland). Although the leader of both rankings, Śląski region, took the most favourable values in 2018 concerning density and quality of roads, density of railway lines or green areas in towns, as a typically industrial, mining-related, intensely urbanized region is has needed to cope with a serious problem with air pollution, relating from the smallest amount of gas pollution retained or neutralized. In the other side, the two weakest regions were characterised by valuable environmental conditions (Warmińsko-Mazurskie) and a large share of agricultural area (Podlaskie). These natural and economic conditions may, on the one hand, prevent the development of technical infrastructure (e.g. road construction in Natura 2000 areas), and on the other hand, maintenance of such infrastructure could be unprofitable for both local government units and its users.
FACTORS INFLUENCING STUDENTS’ CHOICES AND DECISION- -MAKING PROCESS: A CASE STUDY OF POLISH STUDENTS STUDYING IN A BRITISH HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION
Authors: Rembielak Grażyna , Rashid Tahir , Parlińska Agnieszka
Published: October 2020

The main aim of this paper is to investigate the factors which influence students when deciding to study abroad. The case study is based on Polish students studying in the British higher education system (UK HE) and the paper examines these students’ choices and their decision-making process when selecting their university studies. The literature review suggests that there are two types of factors influencing students’ decision- making process: push factors, which operate within the home country, and pull factors, meaning that students are attracted by the host country and encouraged to study there. Polish students constitute a significant group of EU students who study in the UK and yet there are very few studies on this particular group. The results from this qualitative research on Polish students studying in a selected British university indicate that, contrary to a number of other studies, pull factors could be more important in influencing Polish students’ decision-making process regarding studying abroad.
Can Substantive Analytical Procedures with Data and Data Analytics Replace Sampling as Tests of Details?
Authors: Yoon Kyunghee , Pearce Timothy
Published: October 2020

To avoid problems caused by moderate or weak substantive analytical procedures (SAPs), audit firms tend to focus more on tests of details than SAPs, especially for large income statement accounts such as revenues. Based on findings from previous studies, this commentary study attempts to: (1) summarize the outcomes of SAPs developed by advanced analytics models (e.g., regression and time-series models), and (2) respond to the question of SAP use by evaluating the limitations and benefits if one test replaces the other. The outcomes of prior studies generally show that SAPs developed by advanced analytical models do not provide a high level of assurance for revenue. Since SAPs and audit sampling present different risks and unique benefits, they are often complementary. Without the careful consideration of conditions related to the risks and benefits of each test, simply avoiding SAPs could reduce the effectiveness of substantive tests.
Anteroposterior length of the maxillary complex and its relationship with the anterior cranial base:
Authors: Savoldi Fabio , Massetti Francesca , Tsoi James K. H. , Matinlinna Jukka P. , Yeung Andy W. K. , Tanaka Ray , Paganelli Corrado , Bornstein Michael M.
Published: October 2020

Objectives

To use both absolute anteroposterior maxillary complex length (APMCL) and relative APMCL to investigate the relationship between the maxillary complex, its individual bony segments, and their association to the anterior cranial base. In addition, the relationship between length and position of the maxillary complex was analyzed.

Materials and Methods

Sixty human skulls were analyzed using cone beam computed tomography. The maxillary complex length was measured between anterior and posterior nasal spine (ans-pns), and the average was used as the cut-off to identify a high- and a low-length group based on absolute APMCL. The length ratio between the maxillary complex and the anterior cranial base (ans-pns/SN) was used to identify the two groups based on relative APMCL. The anterior cranial base length and the lengths of the maxillary complex bones were compared between the high- and low-length groups.

Results

Based on absolute APMCL, individuals with shorter maxillary complex had shorter anterior cranial base (P = .003), representing normal proportions. Based on relative APMCL, individuals with shorter maxillary complex had longer anterior cranial base and vice versa (P = .014), indicating disproportions. Individuals with shorter maxillary complex exhibited shorter maxilla (Δ = −1.5 mm, P = .014).

Conclusions

When skeletal deformity of the midface is suspected, individual disproportions in the anteroposterior length of the maxillary complex in relation to the anterior cranial base (relative measurements) should be assessed through radiological imaging. A shorter maxillary complex may be associated with a shorter maxilla, and not with a shorter premaxilla or palatine bone.
Cardiac autophagy deficiency attenuates ANP production and disrupts myocardial-adipose crosstalk leading to increased fat accumulation and metabolic dysfunction
Authors: Admin Ada , Song Erfei , Eira Daniel Da , Jani Shailee , Sepa-Kishi Diane , Vu Vivian , Hunter Howard , Lai Mi , Wheeler Michael B. , Ceddia Rolando B. , Sweeney Gary
Published: October 2020

Increased myocardial
autophagy has been established as an important stress-induced cardioprotective
response. Three weeks after generating cardiomyocyte-specific autophagy
deficiency, via inducible deletion of autophagy related protein 7 (Atg7), we
found these mice (AKO) increased body weight and fat mass without altered food
intake. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicated reduced insulin
sensitivity in AKO mice. Metabolic cage analysis showed reduced ambulatory activity
and oxygen consumption with a trend of elevated respiratory exchange ratio in
AKO mice. Direct analysis of metabolism in subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes
showed increased glucose oxidation and reduced ATGL expression and HSL
phosphorylation with no change in lipid synthesis or fatty acid oxidation. Importantly,
we found AKO mice had reduced myocardial and circulating levels of atrial
natriuretic peptide (ANP), an established mediator of myocardial-adipose
crosstalk. When normal ANP levels were restored to AKO mice using osmotic pump,
the metabolic dysfunction evident in AKO mice was corrected. We conclude that
cardiac autophagy deficiency alters myocardial-adipose crosstalk via decreased
ANP levels with adverse metabolic consequences.