bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intracapsular tonsillectomy in the treatment of recurrent and chronic tonsillitis in adults: a protocol of a prospective, single-blinded, randomised study with a 5-year follow-up (the FINITE trial)
Authors: Piitulainen Jaakko Matias , Uusitalo Tapani , Sjöblom Henrik M , Ivaska Lotta E , Jegoroff Henri , Kauko Tommi , Kokki Hannu , Kytö Eero , Mansikka Iisa , Ylikoski Jenni , Jero Jussi
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The standard surgical treatment for recurrent or chronic tonsillitis is extracapsular tonsillectomy. Recent studies show that intracapsular tonsillectomy has the potential to reduce the postoperative morbidity of patients undergoing tonsil surgery. The Finnish Intracapsular Tonsillectomy (FINITE) trial aims to provide level I evidence to support the hypothesis that the recovery time from tonsil surgery can be reduced with intracapsular tonsillectomy. Additionally, from this trial, major benefits in quality of life, reduction of postoperative complications, treatment costs and throat symptoms might be gained.

Methods and analysis

The FINITE trial is a prospective, randomised, controlled, patient-blinded, three-arm clinical trial. It is designed to compare three different surgical methods being extracapsular monopolar tonsillectomy versus intracapsular microdebrider tonsillectomy versus intracapsular coblation tonsillectomy in the treatment of adult patients (16–65 years) suffering from recurrent or chronic tonsillitis. The study started in September 2019, and patients will be enrolled until a maximum of 200 patients are randomised. Currently, we are in the middle of the study with 125 patients enrolled as of 28 February 2022 and data collection is scheduled to be completed totally by December 2027. The primary endpoint of the study will be the recovery time from surgery. Secondary endpoints will be the postoperative pain scores and the use of analgesics during the first 3 weeks of recovery, postoperative haemorrhage, quality of life, tonsillar remnants, need for revision surgery, throat symptoms, treatment costs and sick leave. A follow-up by a questionnaire at 1–21 days and at 1, 6, 24 and 60 months will be conducted with a follow-up visit at the 6-month time point.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee of the Hospital District of Southwest Finland (reference number 29/1801/2019). Results will be made publicly available in peer-reviewed scientific journals.

Trial registration number

NCT03654742.
Protocol for a Global Burns Research Priority Setting Partnership to agree the most important unanswered questions in international burns care
Authors: Richards Hollie , Staruch Robert , King Anni , Pugh Catrin , Kinsella Suzannah , Savović Jelena , Young Amber
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Burns affect 11 million people globally and can result in long-term disability with substantial associated healthcare costs. There is limited research funding to support trials to provide evidence for clinical decision-making. Research prioritisation ensures that research focuses on the topics most important to stakeholders, addressing issues of research waste and evidence gaps. The aim of this project is to agree the global top 10 research priorities important to international patients, carers and clinicians from all income status countries.

Methods and analysis

The Global Burns Research Priority Setting Partnership will use James Lind Alliance methods to establish the top 10 research priorities in global burns care. An initial international online multilingual survey will collect candidate research priorities from stakeholders. To increase equity in participation, the survey will also be available via the social media app WhatsApp. Additionally, interviews will be conducted. Data will be analysed to identify and collate research questions and to verify that the priorities are true clinical uncertainties. This list will then be ranked by stakeholders in order of importance via a second online survey. Finally, a consensus meeting will identify the top 10 research priorities.

Ethics and dissemination

The University of Bristol Medical School Faculty Ethical Committee has approved this project. Research into burn care should be prioritised to ensure that funding is focused where most needed. This should be undertaken internationally, to ensure inclusion of the views of professionals and patients from lower income countries, where the incidence of thermal burns is highest. The involvement of the James Lind Alliance will ensure that the methodology is robust and that the patient voice is heard. The final top 10 priorities will be disseminated to funders, governments and researchers internationally to inform future global burns research.
Impact of cerebral hypoperfusion–reperfusion on optic nerve integrity and visual function in the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma
Authors: Fraenkl Stephan Alexander , Simon Quentin , Yucel Yeni , Gupta Neeru , Wittwer Valéry V , Frueh Beatrice E , Tschanz Stefan A
Published: September 2022

Objective

One of the most important risk factors for developing a glaucomatous optic neuropathy is elevated intraocular pressure. Moreover, mechanisms such as altered perfusion have been postulated to injure the optical path. In a mouse model, we compare first negative effects of cerebral perfusion/reperfusion on the optic nerve structure versus alterations by elevated intraocular pressure. Second, we compare the alterations by isolated hypoperfusion-reperfusion and isolated intraocular pressure to the combination of both.

Methods and analysis

Mice were divided in four groups: (1) controls; (2) perfusion altered mice that underwent transient bi-common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 40 min; (3) glaucoma group (DBA/2J mice); (4) combined glaucoma and altered perfusion (DBA/2J mice with transient BCCAO). Optic nerve sections were stereologically examined 10–12 weeks after intervention.

Results

All experimental groups showed a decreased total axon number per optic nerve compared with controls. In DBA/2J and combined DBA/2J & BCCAO mice the significant decrease was roughly 50%, while BCCAO leaded to a 23% reduction of axon number, however reaching significance only in the direct t-test. The difference in axon number between BCCAO and both DBA/2J mice was almost 30%, lacking statistical significance due to a remarkably high variation in both DBA/2J groups.

Conclusion

Elevated intraocular pressure in the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma leads to a much more pronounced optic nerve atrophy compared with transient forebrain hypoperfusion and reperfusion by BCCAO. A supposed worsening effect of an altered perfusion added to the pressure-related damage could not be detected.
Transforming injury prevention for youth (TrIPY): an intersectionality model for youth injury prevention
Authors: Miles Alyssa , Tanenbaum Brandy , Thompson-Ricci Shari
Published: September 2022

Injury is deadly and expensive, and rates are increasing. The cost of injury is not only a financial burden; individuals, families and communities suffer the human costs of physical and emotional injury. For children and youth in Canada, injuries are the leading cause of death and disability. However, the risk of preventable injury is not equal for all youth. The transforming injury prevention for youth (TrIPY) model aims to recognise and remediate these inequities by applying an intersectionality lens to injury prevention programming. TrIPY conceptualises injury prevention programming through an intersectionality lens. The model was developed with diverse youth in mind, and the intended users include injury prevention practitioners, partners, stakeholders, communities and decision-makers. TrIPY was designed using a transformative perspective and built on core concepts within public health, injury prevention, intersectionality, gender analysis, youth risk, health equity, and systems of privilege and oppression. TrIPY helps to analyse intersecting inequities along multiple dimensions, to improve injury prevention programmes for diverse youth with unique identities, skills and lived experiences. The end goal of implementing an intersectionality model within injury prevention is to find out who is being missed in order to address existing inequities concerning youth injury. No matter what a person’s unique social location or lived experience, they will have the opportunity to be included in prevention programming. Developing injury prevention programmes through an intersectionality lens is needed to better understand the factors that interact to influence an individual’s risk for injury. There is a need to explore the unique experiences of youth at the intersection of various identity factors, including gender, race and ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. With this knowledge, prevention programmes can be more culturally responsive, gender transformative, inclusive, accessible and engaging for diverse groups of youth.
Bedside lung ultrasonography: comparison with chest radiography (BLUR), a diagnostic study in a developing country
Authors: Arthur Manisha , Pichamuthu Kishore , Turaka Vijay Prakash , Putta Tharani , Jeeyavudeen Mohammad Sadiq , Zachariah Anand , Sathyendra Sowmya , Hansdak Samuel George , Iyadurai Ramya , Karuppusami Reka , Sudarsanam Thambu David
Published: September 2022

Background

This study determines the diagnostic utility of lung ultrasonography (LUS) in a medical ward in a developing country. In a low resource country like India, we hope that use of lung ultrasound in primary and secondary hospitals will assist in earlier and better bedside diagnosis.

Methods

This prospective diagnostic study was done to test the diagnostic accuracy of LUS against a composite reference standard, which included clinical history and examination, basic laboratory investigations, imaging and the diagnosis at discharge. We evaluated 321 consecutive patients, admitted in our medical wards with an LUS within 24 hours of the chest radiograph being done.

Findings

Between August 2016 and August 2017, we enrolled 321 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the LUS for all pathologies were found to be 82.5% (76.50 to 87.20) and 78.2% (69.09 to 85.26) respectively. A subgroup analysis including the patients in whom CT was part of the composite reference standard showed sensitivity and specificity of 87.9% and 92.9% for all lung pathologies. It was found that there was superior sensitivity and specificity of LUS compared with chest radiograph in a subgroup analysis of pulmonary oedema and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Interpretation

We found that the LUS was better than chest radiograph and as good as CT in most pathologies, especially pulmonary oedema and ARDS. We believe that training in the basics of bedside LUS must be part of the medical curriculum and a low-cost ultrasound machine must be made available in medical wards, so that clinical diagnosis can be supplemented with this tool. In a low resource setting like India, where access to chest radiograph and CT may be difficult particularly in a rural setup, expertise in LUS would be helpful in easy bedside diagnosis and saving cost on a CT scan.
Methadone prescribed as an analgesic by a specialist palliative medicine team in an acute hospital inpatient setting: retrospective study
Authors: Hayes Jennifer , Waldron Dympna , Levins Kirk J , Gaffney Laura , Azhar Mahrukh , Beatty Sharon , Mannion Eileen
Published: September 2022

Emerging evidence suggests that methadone has a specific role in the management of treatment resistant cancer-related pain.

Objectives

To investigate the utilisation pattern, safety and efficacy of methadone prescribed as an analgesic for the management of complex cancer-related pain in an acute hospital inpatient setting.

Methods

A retrospective longitudinal observational study of patients prescribed methadone as an analgesic between April 2020 and July 2021 was performed.

Changes in coprescribed baseline opioid, use of breakthrough opioid analgesic, patient rated pain scores and adverse side effects were analysed.

Results

16 patients with complex cancer-related treatment resistant pain who were prescribed methadone were included in the study. Of the 16 patients, 14 patients had metastatic disease. Pain was classified in 14 patients as mixed nociceptive-neuropathic and in 2 patients as neuropathic. 13 patients were coprescribed methadone with a pre-established opioid. Methadone was associated with a statistically significant decrease in both opioid breakthrough analgesic by 61%±28% (p<0.001), and coprescribed opioid by 17%±12% (p=0.015). Patient rated pain scores were also significantly decreased (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Methadone appears to have a specific role in the management of complex cancer pain, neuropathic pain, opioid-tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia, which may be attributable to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism.
Hyaluronidase for localised infusion site reaction during continuous subcutaneous infusion
Authors: Cleary Niamh Mairéad , O'Gorman Aisling
Published: September 2022

Local skin site reactions may occur at continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSCI) sites. Factors that contribute these reactions include the concentration of medications, the pH of the solution, type and duration of cannula insertion and site selection. The case of a patient with advanced metastatic cholangiocarcinoma is described. Medications were delivered subcutaneously via a syringe driver and multiple infusion site reactions occurred. Hyaluronidase temporarily depolymerises hyaluronic acid in connective tissue and been has been shown to increase the dispersion and absorption of coadministered molecules. A single dose of 150 IU hyaluronidase was injected into the subcutaneous site prior to commencement of the syringe driver. Subsequent skin site erythema and tenderness was observed. Hyaluronidase may be indicated for use as an adjunct to increase the absorption and dispersion of injected drugs as well as for subcutaneous fluid rehydration. There is, however. limited evidence to indicate its use in skin site reactions and it may contribute to poor tolerance of a CSCI. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first case report of the use of hyaluronidase in the management of infusion site skin reactions.
Analysis of microbial community diversity and physicochemical factors in pit mud of different ages based on high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Gong Yan , Ma Na , Tang Hui
Published: September 2022

In this study, Illumina MiSeq/NovaSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the terminal DNA fragments of microbial communities in Wuliangye pit mud. The results showed that there were 5 dominant bacterial phyla and 13 dominant bacterial genera in the pit mud, which belonged to 4 phyla, mainly Firmicutes. There were 3 dominant fungal phyla and 5 dominant fungal genera in cellar mud, which belonged to 2 phyla and concentrated in Ascomycota. According to the statistical data, the low pH value cellar pool is more conducive to the enrichment of acid-resistant or acid-biased bacteria, which is the key to flavor formation. In addition, the components of ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in pit mud need to be replenished in time. In addition, sampling time, fermentation time, temperature, and other external environments also have certain effects on microbial diversity and abundance in the pit. With the use of cellars, various types of microorganisms are constantly evolving to adapt to the environment inside the pits. The succession rule of microbe in pit mud was preliminarily revealed, which provided the basis for improving the quality and technical development of Wuliangye.
Long-time existence for a Whitham–Boussinesq system in two dimensions
Authors: Tesfahun Achenef
Published: September 2022

This paper is concerned with a two-dimensional Whitham–Boussinesq system modeling surface waves of an inviscid incompressible fluid layer. We prove that the associated Cauchy problem is well-posed for initial data of low regularity, with existence time of scale [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are small parameters related to the level of dispersion and nonlinearity, respectively. In particular, in the KdV regime [Formula: see text]}, the existence time is of order [Formula: see text]. The main ingredients in the proof are frequency loacalized dispersive estimates and bilinear Strichartz estimates that depend on the parameter [Formula: see text].
On elementary, odd, semimagic and other classes of antilattices
Authors: Cvetko-Vah Karin , Kinyon Michael , Pisanski Tomaž
Published: September 2022

An antilattice is an algebraic structure based on the same set of axioms as a lattice except that the two commutativity axioms for ∧ and ∨ are replaced by anticommutative counterparts. In this paper, we study certain classes of antilattices, including elementary (no nontrivial subantilattices), odd (no subantilattices of order [Formula: see text]), simple (no nontrivial congruences) and irreducible (not expressible as a direct product). In the finite case, odd antilattices are the same as Leech’s Latin antilattices which arise from the construction of semimagic squares from pairs of orthogonal Latin squares.
On finite groups with given ICΦ-subgroups
Authors: Kaspczyk Julian
Published: September 2022

A subgroup [Formula: see text] of a group [Formula: see text] is said to be an [Formula: see text]-subgroup of [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text]. We analyze the structure of a finite group [Formula: see text] under the assumption that some given subgroups of [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text]-subgroups of [Formula: see text]. A new characterization of finite abelian groups and some new criteria for [Formula: see text]-nilpotence and nilpotence of finite groups will be obtained. Moreover, we will obtain two criteria for a finite group to lie in a given solvably saturated formation containing the class of finite supersolvable groups.
Extensions of semigroups by the dihedral groups and semigroup C∗-algebras
Authors: Lipacheva E. V.
Published: September 2022

We consider the semidirect product [Formula: see text] of the additive group [Formula: see text] of all integers and the multiplicative semigroup [Formula: see text] of integers without zero relative to a semigroup homomorphism [Formula: see text] from [Formula: see text] to the endomorphism semigroup of [Formula: see text]. It is shown that this semidirect product is a normal extension of the semigroup [Formula: see text] by the dihedral group, where [Formula: see text] is the multiplicative semigroup of all natural numbers. Further, we study the structure of [Formula: see text]-algebras associated with this extension. In particular, we prove that the reduced semigroup [Formula: see text]-algebra of the semigroup [Formula: see text] is topologically graded over the dihedral group. As a consequence, there exists a structure of a free Banach module over the reduced semigroup [Formula: see text]-algebra of [Formula: see text] in the underlying Banach space of the reduced semigroup [Formula: see text]-algebra of [Formula: see text].
Research on High Capacitance 3D Structure NiCo2S4 Electrode Material in Supercapacitor
Authors: Ding Meijie , Wei Zhiqiang , Zhu Xiaojun , Liu Dexue
Published: September 2022

To improve the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor, three electrode nanocomposites, NiO, NiS and NiCo2S4, have been obtained by simple hydrothermal process and high temperature pyrolysis, and further, the impact of electrolytes of different concentrations on electrochemical performance of supercapacitor has been researched. During the research processing, synergistic effect of Ni, Co and S is considered to enhance the electrical conductivity, and promote electron transfer, ion diffusion and structural stability. The experiment results show that bimetallic sulfides display high electrical conductivity, shorter ion diffusion channels, and faster electron and ion transport rate with the feature of topping electrochemical properties of specific capacity, excellent cycling stability and high rate capability, and besides show that it can improve the electrochemical performance of the material by increasing the concentration of electrolyte. The transition-metal sulfides provide a new promising pathway for the expansion of high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors.
Geological risk and uncertainty for underground storage of buoyant fluids, lessons learned in Illinois
Authors: Leetaru Hannes E. , Williams-Stroud Sherilyn , Freiburg Jared , McBride John , Whittaker Steve
Published: September 2022

This paper describes selected natural gas storage and carbon capture and storage (CCS) case studies from Illinois, USA, their general applicability to subsurface buoyant fluid storage, and summarizes lessons learned. In Illinois, a 70-year history of sustained natural gas storage has provided a foundational understanding of risk associated with using the subsurface for storing buoyant fluids. In addition to natural gas storage, over 3 million tonnes of CO
2
have been injected into the Cambrian Mt Simon Sandstone at the Decatur, IL CCS project site.

In Illinois, many of the storage projects are in the Mt Simon Sandstone, a saline (aquifer) reservoir. In gas storage fields the characterization of faulting and seal properties has historically not been adequate. Identification of Precambrian palaeotopography is essential when completing initial site assessment in reservoirs close to the Precambrian contact. The presence of basement palaeotopographical highs increases the risk of not having a storage reservoir and increased chance of induced seismicity.

The Cambrian Mt Simon Sandstone of the Illinois Basin has some of the most suitable strata in the midwestern USA for the sequestration of CO
2
and storage of energy in the form of natural gas. The improved understanding gained from natural gas storage and from carbon sequestration is also directly applicable to assessing the potential of emerging energy storage technologies, such as compressed air energy storage (CAES) and geological hydrogen storage.
Solving Sparse Assignment Problems on FPGAs
Authors: Jellum Erling , Orlandić Milica , Brekke Edmund , Johansen Tor , Bryne Torleiv
Published: September 2022

The assignment problem is a fundamental optimization problem and a crucial part of many systems. For example, in multiple object tracking, the assignment problem is used to associate object detections with hypothetical target tracks and solving the assignment problem is one of the most compute-intensive tasks. To enable low-latency real-time implementations, efficient solutions to the assignment problem is required. In this work, we present Sparse and Speculative (SaS) Auction, a novel implementation of the popular Auction algorithm for FPGAs. Two novel optimizations are proposed. First, the pipeline width and depth are reduced by exploiting sparsity in the input problems. Second, dependency speculation is employed to enable a fully pipelined design and increase the throughput. Speedups as high as 50 × are achieved relative to the state-of-the-art implementation for some input distributions. We evaluate the implementation both on randomly generated datasets and realistic datasets from multiple object tracking.
Fighting False Information from Propagation Process: A Survey
Authors: Sun Ling , Rao Yuan , Wu Lianwei , Zhang Xiangbo , Lan Yuqian , Nazir Ambreen
Published: September 2022

The recent serious cases of spreading false information have posed a significant threat to the social stability and even national security, urgently requiring all circles to respond adequately. Therefore, this survey illustrates how to fight against false information from its propagation process by (1) exploring the drivers of information infectivity from the content, media, user, structural, and temporal dimensions; (2) describing the propagation modeling approaches from macro (global), meso (community), and micro (individual) levels; and (3) discussing the governance strategies from both technical and application aspects. The potential data sources and the future directions of fighting are also given, hoping to facilitate more comprehensive solutions.
A Neurocognitive Model of Self-Concept Development in Adolescence
Authors: Crone Eveline A. , Green Kayla H. , van de Groep Ilse H. , van der Cruijsen Renske
Published: September 2022

When and how do changes in self-concept emerge in adolescence, and which factors facilitate positive self-concept development? This review summarizes recent research findings on self-concept development based on neurocognitive development studies. Self-concept goes through formative changes in adolescence, including linear and nonlinear changes in perspective taking, social comparison, and self-evaluation. In this review we ( a) present a neuroscientific model of self-concept development by relating processes that drive self-concept changes to neuroscience discoveries and ( b) elaborate on the roles of early life experiences and environmental support factors in fostering self-concept development in adolescence. This review concludes that self-concept changes pose vulnerabilities as well as opportunities for adolescent development.
The Critical Roles of Early Development, Stress, and Environment in the Course of Psychosis
Authors: Vargas T.G. , Mittal V.A.
Published: September 2022

Psychotic disorders are highly debilitating with poor prognoses and courses of chronic illness. In recent decades, conceptual models have shaped understanding, informed treatment, and guided research questions. However, these models have classically focused on the adolescent and early adulthood stages immediately preceding onset while conceptualizing early infancy through all of childhood as a unitary premorbid period. In addition, models have paid limited attention to differential effects of types of stress; contextual factors such as local, regional, and country-level characteristics or sociocultural contexts; and the timing of the stressor or environmental risk. This review discusses emerging research suggesting that ( a) considering effects specific to neurodevelopmental stages prior to adolescence is highly informative, ( b) understanding specific stressors and levels of environmental exposures (i.e., systemic or contextual features) is necessary, and ( c) exploring the dynamic interplay between development, levels and types of stressors, and environments can shed new light, informing a specified neurodevelopmental and multifaceted diathesis-stress model.
Psychosocial and Integrative Oncology: Interventions Across the Disease Trajectory
Authors: Carlson Linda E.
Published: September 2022

This article provides an overview of the fields of psychosocial and integrative oncology, highlighting common psychological reactions to being diagnosed with and treated for cancer, including distress, anxiety, depression, fear of cancer recurrence and caregiver burden, as well as symptoms of fatigue, pain, and sleep disturbance. Patterns of symptomatology across the disease continuum are also discussed. Interventions targeted at treating these symptoms are reviewed, including acceptance-based and mindfulness therapies, mind-body therapies, and meaning-based approaches designed for people with advanced stages of disease, including psychedelic therapy. Common methodological issues and shortcomings of the evidence base are summarized with design recommendations, and a discussion of trends in future research including pragmatic research design, digital health interventions, and implementation science completes the article.
Electrochemical Nucleation and Growth of Pd-Co Alloy Nanoparticles from the Reline Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Landa-Castro M. , Romero-Romo M. , Arce-Estrada E. , Morales-Gil P. , de Oca-Yemha M.G. Montes , Palomar-Pardavé M.
Published: September 2022

Electrochemical formation of Pd-Co alloy nanoparticles, PdCoNPs, onto a glassy carbon electrode, GCE, from their metallic precursors dissolved in the reline deep eutectic solvent, is reported for the first time. Potentiodynamic and potentiostatic studies indicated that PdCoNPs were electrodeposited by multiple nucleation of 3D bimetallic centers with mass transferred-controlled growth. Potentiostatic current density transients, j–t, were adequately fitted by a theoretical model that describes the kinetics of nucleation and diffusion-controlled growth of bimetallic phases and the number density of active sites for PdCoNPs nucleation, N
0, and their nucleation frequency, A, was determined as a function of the applied potential. SEM image recorded on the GCE electrodeposited with PdCoNPs showed that sizes and particle number density of these PdCoNPs depend on both the applied potential and the deposition time considered. At −0.42 V and 10 s the PdCoNPs had (30 ± 4) nm as average size and a particle number density of (4.23 ± 0.33) x1010 PdCoNPs cm–2. EDS, XRD and XPS observations indicated the presence of Pd and Co. forming a PdCo alloy as zero and bivalenced oxidation states. GCE/PdCoNPs depict higher mass activity towards FAOR than GCE/PdNPs and other modified electrodes reported in the literature where the electrocatalysts were synthesized by different means.
Estimating the time structure of descending activation that generates movements at different speeds
Authors: Ramadan Rachid , Hummert Cora , Jokeit Jean-Stéphane , Schöner Gregor
Published: September 2022

The descending activation patterns driving movement must be integrated with spinal reflexes, which would resist movement if left unchanged. We estimate the descending activation patterns at different movement speeds using a model of the stretch reflex and of muscle and limb dynamics. The descending activation patterns we find are temporally structured to compensate for interaction torques as predicted by internal models but also shift the reflex threshold, solving the posture-movement problem.
Casein kinase 1α 1 is involved in the progression of glioblastoma through HIF-1α-mediated autophagy
Authors: Nie Wenchen , Luo Xiang , Lu Dong , Yuan Pu , Liu Baohua , Xu Han , Ye Ming
Published: September 2022

The study demonstrated that overexpressed CK1α positively regulated autophagy activity through the HIF-1α pathway to promote the progression. Thus, CK1α might be a potential treatment target for glioblastoma.
Intelligent System Construction Paths for Digitalization Process of Real Economy: A Study from the Perspective of Artificial Intelligence and Platform Leverage
Authors: Zhang Huayao , Wen Jing , Chen Xiaoling , Ge Yuqing , Chen Yuting
Published: September 2022

This study studies the internal driving force and system construction issues in the integration of information technology and traditional business. Established on theory of platform leverage in the value creation, we use causal analysis and case studies to explore two closely related questions with data of 31 digital platforms (including 21 focal cases and 10 reference cases): (i) what is the value creation mechanism of these digital platforms? and (ii) how does the value creation mechanism affect the construction path of the system? The study identified three typical value creation mechanism configurations, i.e., innovation-driven, business integration, and data-driven, and then explained the system construction paths of these three configurations. We observed that the production and innovation leverages are the general construction drivers of the platform. However, the transaction leverage is only significant in a small number of platforms; that is, the role of network effects can be observed. These findings can deepen our understanding of platform theory in the digitalization of the real economy and explain why network effects cannot be the source of competitive advantage within the economic digitalization scenarios. We believe that it is of great significance to the digital transformation practice of the economy.
Impact of the Digital Transformation of Small‐ and Medium‐Sized Listed Companies on Performance: Based on a Cost‐Benefit Analysis Framework
Authors: Teng Xiaoyan , Wu Zhong , Yang Feng
Published: September 2022

The ultimate goals of digital transformation, which is the only means of realizing the sustainable development of current enterprises, are to achieve cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and innovation for enterprises. However, there are limited empirical quantitative studies on the investment costs and impact of organizational performance related to the digital transformation of small‐ and medium‐sized listed companies. This study first uses Excel VBA to sort the digital transformation panel data of 319 small‐ and medium‐sized listed companies in China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen A‐share markets from 2007 to 2020. Thereafter, Stata, a general‐purpose statistical software package, is used to analyze the impact of digital transformation on the performance of small‐ and medium‐sized listed companies. The results show that the digital transformation of small‐ and medium‐sized listed companies has a positive correlation with operational performance, and an inverted U‐shaped relationship with innovation performance; however, the U‐shaped relationship with financial performance is not significant. For small‐ and medium‐sized listed companies to promote digital transformation, first, it must help the organization to improve its internal operational efficiency; second, it can optimize and improve the organization’s financial efficiency; and finally, through innovative efficiency, the organization can continue to develop steadily and improve its organizational resilience.
A Master-Slave Salp Swarm Algorithm Optimizer for Hybrid Energy Storage System Control Strategy in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Cheruiyot Fabian , Segera Davies
Published: September 2022

Pure electric vehicles provide an enticing ecofriendly alternative to traditional fossil fuel combustion engine locomotives. Batteries have primarily been used to store energy in electric vehicles; however, peak load demand and transient power leading to decreased battery lifespan have bred interest in hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles. Management of energy drawn from a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) in electric vehicles is a real-time multistage optimization problem aimed at minimizing energy consumption while aptly distributing energy drawn from the battery and capacitor to enhance the battery life cycle. This paper explores the feasibility of a master-slave salp swarm optimization algorithm (MSSSA) (metaheuristic algorithm) in a HESS control strategy for electric vehicles. Introducing a master-slave learning approach to the salp swarm algorithm (SSA) improves its performance by increasing its convergence rate while maintaining a balance between exploration and exploitation phases of the algorithm. A comparison of the MSSSA results with the SSA (salp swarm algorithm), DA (dynamic algorithm), WOA (whale optimization algorithm), MFO (moth flame optimization algorithm), GA (genetic algorithm), and PSO (particle swarm optimization algorithm) on benchmark test functions and dynamic program simulation of an electric vehicle’s HESS control strategy and shows preeminence of the MSSSA control strategy for HESS.
Clinical Observation of Alternative Wave Electroacupuncture Combined with Lee’s Naprapathy in Treating Knee Osteoarthritis (Blood Stasis due to Qi Stagnation)
Authors: Diao Hai-Jing , Li Fei , Lv Zi-Meng , Shi Hai-Ping , Nie Ya-Peng , Gan Zheng , Li Ye-Fu , Luan Guo-Rui
Published: September 2022

Objective. We aim to explore the clinical therapeutic effect of alternative wave electroacupuncture combined with Lee’s naprapathy therapy on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) (blood stasis due to qi stagnation). Method. 122 patients with KOA treated in our hospital from January 2018 to October 2021 were randomly grouped into a combined group (n = 61) and a control group (n = 61). The combined group was treated with alternative wave electroacupuncture combined with Lee’s naprapathy, while the control group was treated with alternative wave electroacupuncture alone. Clinical efficacy of the two groups was observed. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Lysholm Scale, Indexes of Severity for Osteoarthritis (ISOA), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were compared before and after treatment, followed up for 3 months and 6 months. The adverse reactions of the two groups were observed. Result. The overall response rate of the combined group (96.72%) was higher than that of the control group (81.97%), and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment and follow-up for 3 months and 6 months, the Lysholm score of the combined group was higher than that of the control group, while the VAS, ISOA, and WOMAC scores were lower than those of the control group, and the difference between the two was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). There were no serious adverse reactions in both groups (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. The alternative wave electroacupuncture combined with Lee’s naprapathy is effective and safe in treating KOA (blood stasis due to qi stagnation).
Effects of Cavities on Lining Structure behind Cold Zone Tunnels Based on Coupled Thermal Analysis
Authors: Xiao Xian , Nie Jianwei
Published: September 2022

There is a significant difference between ambient temperature and internal temperature of surrounding rock in the cold season. Based on the Dulongjiang (DLJ) Tunnel, this paper studies the influence of frost heave force on lining structure and establishes a thermos-dynamical coupling model using the field. The results show that the environmental temperature and the cavity behind the lining greatly influence the safety of the tunnel structure. The internal force of the tunnel lining increases with the decrease of the environmental temperature and stress. The existence of a water-bearing cavity causes the deformation of the vault position to improve and advance. In contrast, the deformation presence of a water-bearing hole causes the deformation of the vault position to increase and reach, while the deformation time of the arch foot position to delay.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Different Insulin Administration and Blood Glucose Monitoring Methods in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children
Authors: Deng Qian , Chen Yuqing , Wang Xin , Cai Wenjuan , Han Yanping , Wang Juanjuan
Published: September 2022

Objective. To compare the clinical efficacy of different insulin administration methods and blood glucose monitoring methods in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus in children. Methods. Patients were divided into four groups: multiple daily injection (MDI) + fingertip blood glucose detection, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) + fingertip blood glucose detection, MDI + continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS), and CSII + CGMS. After six months of treatment, followed by telephone and at least once a month in an outpatient clinic, insulin doses were adjusted according to the children’s blood glucose levels. Blood glucose control and the daily dose of insulin were compared among the four groups after treatment, and the incidence of hypoglycemia in each group was recorded during the treatment. We also compare the incidence of the adverse event among the four groups. Results. 6 months later, the levels of HbA1c, FBG, and two h PG in each group were lower than those before treatment. There were significant differences in HbA1c, two h PG, and the daily insulin dose among the four groups. There were differences in the frequency of hypoglycemia among all the groups. The frequency of hypoglycemia in groups C and D was lower than in group A. Conclusions. CSII was better than MDI, and the blood glucose monitoring effect of CGMS was better than the fingertip blood glucose detection. The patients treated with CSII combined with CGMS had the best clinical efficacy. The patients treated with CSII combined with CGMS had the lowest adverse events incidence.
[Retracted] Efficacy Analysis of Emotional Labor and Professional Self‐Quality of Opera Actors Based on Metaregression Analysis in Small Sample Environment
Authors: Wang Qun , Liu Zihao
Published: September 2022

On the rules of emotional performance in performances, opera singers based it on their emotional labor. Opera actors need to use certain stage scenarios and script designs during performances in order to convey the emotions of the characters in a way that will resonate with the audience and provide excellent stage effects. Opera singers put a lot of emotional work into their performances, which is at the core of them. Whatever the actor’s genuine feelings may be, he or she must channel them as a skilled opera actor in order to provide the audience with a rich visual feast. This article investigated the connection between emotional labor and opera singers’ professional self‐efficacy in order to support the strong development of the opera business. In order to improve the professional self‐efficacy of opera actors, the metaregression analysis method (MRA) was applied during the research procedure. The convenience sample approach was utilised to distribute 324 copies of the questionnaire survey, which had 319 valid questions about the emotional labor and professional effectiveness of opera actors. Through the simulation of the data set, it was discovered that the adoption of emotional labor strategy can raise the professional self‐efficacy of opera actors by 2.36 percent, thereby fostering the growth of opera actors as individuals.
Mechanism Analysis of Hidden Chaos in a Generalized Vijayakumar System
Authors: Chen Xingrong , Zou Min , Akgul Akif
Published: September 2022

In order to further discover the hidden chaotic attractor and its generating mechanism in the Vijayakumar system, we give a generalized system showing hidden chaotic attractors which are not from homoclinic orbit or heteroclinic orbit and consider Hopf bifurcations (codimension one and two) by first Lyapunov coefficient and second Lyapunov coefficient. The existence of periodic orbits is strictly proved theoretically. We have considered the problem of Hopf bifurcation in the chaotic system with hidden attractors, which will be helpful to reveal the intrinsic relationship between the local stability of equilibria and global complex dynamical behaviors of the chaotic system. Finally, numerical simulations are obtained for showing the correctness of theoretical results.
[Retracted] Ligament Repair Method for Sports Dancers Based on Health Monitoring
Authors: Sun Jijin , Sheng Yan
Published: September 2022

In sports dance training, the injury rate of athletes’ ligaments is higher than that of ordinary ones. Careful study of ligament repair methods can better prolong the sports life of sports dance athletes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how to analyze ligament repair in sports dancers based on health monitoring. This paper proposes a deep learning algorithm based on health monitoring and a neural network algorithm, both of which have the function of prediction. The experimental results of this paper show that the common injuries in sports dance include ankle ligament injury, medial and lateral knee ligament strain, lumbar muscle strain, toe joint strain, shoulder deltoid strain and other injuries. Among them, the number of ankle ligament injuries is the largest, with 36 people, accounting for 30%. The number of people with medial and lateral ligament strains in the knee joint ranks second with 32 people, accounting for 26%. The total proportion of two kinds of ligament strains is 56%, accounting for more than half. It can be seen that ligament strains are the most common in sports dance injuries, so it is of great research significance to repair the ligaments of sports dancers based on health monitoring.
Effects of Gasoline and Hydrogen Blends on Exhaust Gas Emissions and Fuel Consumption from Gasoline Internal Combustion Engines
Authors: Ayissi Merlin Zacharie , Newen Ivan Aquigeh , Alloune Rhiad , Bitondo Dieudonné
Published: September 2022

Gasoline engines remain a potential source of atmospheric pollution. Dual fuel combustion was under investigation to cope with exposure to pollutants. Investigations on emission parameters and engine performance for a single-cylinder four-stroke petrol engine are carried out using multicriteria decision-making method (MCDM). Bar charts are constructed for three emission parameters in function of engine temperature and fuel consumption for different blends. Fuels were supplied at different engine running speeds. Parameters recorded during the experimental study were the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), percentages of lower explosive limit (LEL), and combustion duration. The maximum concentration of CO was 339 ppm at 70°C and 4000 rpm. The maximum concentration of H2S (3 ppm), was recorded at 94°C and 4000 rpm. The maximum percentage of LEL recorded was 3% at the majority of temperature and 4000 rpm. Consumption of 25 Cl of (gasoline + HHO) was recorded during the maximum time (50 min). The experiment showed high emissions of CO that can provoke respiratory disorders and explosive gases, factors of explosion at high speeds (4000 rpm), and low temperature (70°C). H2S emissions are very low (0–3 ppm) independently of the engine speeds and temperature. Blending gasoline with HHO shows a reduction in fuel consumption.
Traffic Safety Optimization Strategy of Mountainous Highway Tunnel Based on GA-SVR Visual Load Model
Authors: Lu Hao , Shang Ting , Bao Jie , Liang Ye
Published: September 2022

Improving the driving safety of mountainous highway tunnels has become an urgent problem in China, while the existing literature pays more attention to the safety of urban tunnels. From the perspective of visual load, this paper built a GA-SVR model to analyze the influences of speed, design brightness, measured brightness, and position in the Gaogu long tunnel. The results show the following: firstly, the changes of MTPA in the long mountainous highway tunnels can be divided into five stages, which is different from the three-stage division of urban tunnels; secondly, the influencing degree of factors was varied in different stages: the position factor mattered most in stages 1, 2, 4, and 5, while the design brightness had the greatest impact in stage 3; thirdly, the driver’s psychological pressure was greatest on the entrance and exit section of the tunnel; lastly, the increased length of mountainous highway tunnels and the long-term enclosed driving environment made the psychological load of drivers intensified. Therefore, it was necessary for the mountainous highway tunnels to consider more accurate gradual lighting design in the 200-m sections after the entrance and before the exit, meanwhile enhancing traffic safety management and protections in the middle of the tunnel.
Research on Satisfaction of Driverless Function Based on the Artificial Intelligence Algorithm
Authors: Dong Tianyu , Wang Qiong , Meng Lingxing
Published: September 2022

With the popularization of driverless technology, more and more vehicles have begun to apply this technology. Under these circumstances, user satisfaction with driverless function begins to have an increasing impact on car sales. This paper adopts the KANO model, a two-dimensional model, to analyze users’ attitudes toward driverless functions. It is found that users have a high dependence on functions such as forward collision warning, autonomous emergency braking, and stated-speed sign recognition. Therefore, relevant enterprises should continue to develop these functions. Besides, users have high expectations for functions such as blind spot detection systems and rear cross-traffic alerts. Enterprises can achieve more support from users by optimizing these functions. Functions like lane-keeping assist, lane departure warning, parking distance control, and door open warning systems belong to indifferent attributes of driverless function, which are not cared about by users. There is no need for enterprises to optimize these functions. However, the lane change assist system has been criticized by users and should be improved by corresponding manufacturers.