bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in various Lithuanian water bodies and a positive matrix factorization-based identification of pollution sources
Authors: Raudonytė-Svirbutavičienė Eva , Stakėnienė Rimutė , Baužienė Ieva , Jokšas Kęstutis
Published: February 2022

In this study, results on PAHs distribution, origin and ecological risks from several surveys are combined with a special focus on naphthalene. The study area comprises a large part of the Lithuanian territory and includes two biggest Lithuanian rivers, Nemunas and Neris (sampling locations with different hydrodynamics and varying anthropogenic pressure), four different lakes and the central part of the Curonian Lagoon. ∑16PAHs concentrations in the surface sediment ranged between 74.5 and 6377 ng g-1 dw. In 9 locations out of 14, naphthalene concentration exceeded TEL and posed a threat to the environment. Naphthalene was a significant contributor to the total PAHs concentration in the study area with concentrations ranging from 0.78 to 106 ng g-1 dw. Despite the highest naphthalene concentration recorded in Lake Talkša, naphthalene had only a minor contribution to the PAH profile in this lake. Even a lower impact of naphthalene was observed in the Curonian Lagoon. Naphthalene was found to be the prevailing compound in the Nemunas River Delta region, in a relatively clean Lithuanian Lake Dusia and in some Neris River locations. The highest contribution of naphthalene was observed in the areas with low urbanization degree, but close to peatlands. The main naphthalene source in the study area might be related to peatlands, albeit additional naphthalene sources, such as food cooking, burning of agricultural residues, wood and coal could not be completely rejected either. The sources of other PAHs are attributed to the vehicular emission, emissions from industry, biomass and coal burning.
Topography of the Aleutian Trench south-east off Bowers Ridge, Bering Sea, in the context of the geological development of North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Lemenkova Polina
Published: February 2022

The research is focused on the topographic modelling and mapping of the Aleutian Trench. The study area is situated in the Bering Sea, a marginal sea located northernmost of the Pacific Ocean, between Alaska and Kamchatka Peninsula. The geological setting of the region is characterized by the subduction of the oceanic Pacific Plate below the continental North American Plate. Other features include high seismic activity along the Aleutian island arcs bordering the oceanic seafloor. The objective of this paper is to explore the interaction between the geophysical setting affecting the relief of the seafloor by using geoinformation techniques and geological analysis. In the hypothesis of this study, variations in the geophysical fields as independent variables are reflected in the morphology of the seafloor, which can be observed using data visualization by the advanced cartographic scripting solutions. The open source high-resolution topographic map (ETOPO1), marine free-air gravity and Bouguer gravity anomaly data were used and integrated to investigate the potential correlation between the geophysical, geological, tectonic and topographic settings of the Bering Sea. Our main method includes bathymetric mapping of the area with publicly available bathymetric data using GMT. Materials include open source data: ETOPO1 raster grid with 1 arc-minute resolution, EGM96 gravity and vector contour layers of GMT. The research included complex thematic mapping of the region, including topographic, contour, geodetic and geophysical mapping, 3D modelling and geomorphological plotting of the 30 cross-section segments of the trench located SE off the Bowers Ridge. According to the processed ETOPO1 dataset, the minimal depth is -8480 m and the mean is -3089.154 m. The geoid undulations model shows that the majority of the gravity values lie in the interval between -10 and 20 m with the lowest values along the trench. The statistical histogram shows that the most common depth value in the segment of the Aleutian Trench is -4800 m, occurring 1722 times. The profile linear trend modelling was done with four different approaches of the regression model (y = f(x) + e) by weighted least squares (WLS) with arguments: 1) m2t = a + bt (polynomial model degree one); 2) m3t = a + bt + ct2 (polynomial model degree two); 3) m4t = a + bt + ct2 + dcos2π*t + esin2π*t (polynomial model with Fourier series one); and 4) additional plotting residuals. Surface modelling was performed using xyz modelling from the ASCII data enlarging fragment towards SE of the Bowers Ridge. The tested functionality of modules of GMT presented an effective cartographic scripting toolset enabling a precise topographic mapping and 3D modelling. The paper contributes to a more detailed understanding of the Pacific Ocean seafloor bathymetry, more specifically of the selected segment of the Aleutian Trench near Bowers Ridge area.
A comprehensive spatiotemporal evaluation of the current earthquake activity in different parts of the Frakull-Durrës fault zone, Albania
Authors: Öztürk Serkan , Ormeni Rrapo
Published: February 2022

This study presents a detailed spatiotemporal analysis for the Frakull-Durrës (F-D) fault zone at the beginning of 2020. For this purpose, the most frequently used statistical seismicity parameters such as magnitude completeness, Mc-value, Gutenberg-Richter b-value, recurrence times, annual probabilities and standard normal deviate, Z-value, were mapped. The F-D fault zone was divided into two seismogenic subregions, and Mc-value was taken as 2.5 for both the south and north parts. The b-value was estimated as 0.83 ± 0.06 for the south part and 0.85 ± 0.06 for the north part. b-values for both zones are smaller than 1.0 and these values may be considered to be a larger stress accumulation to build up over time and to be released by the next possible earthquakes. Clear decreasing trends were observed in time variations of b-values before the occurrences of several strong main shocks. Analyses of annual probabilities and recurrence times suggest that the study region has an intermediate/long-term earthquake hazard in comparison to occurrences of strong/destructive earthquakes in the short term. Some anomaly regions of a small b-value and a large Z-value were found along the F-D fault zone at the beginning of 2020: i) among Lushnje-Tirana-Durrës including the middle part of the F-D fault zone, ii) in and around Lezha including the north end of the F-D fault zone. Thus, the combination of regions with the lowest b-value and largest Z-value may supply preliminary results for earthquake hazard, and these regions may be considered to be the most likely regions for future strong/large earthquakes in the F-D fault zone.
Focal mechanism of the Kaliningrad earthquake of 21 September 2004 based on waveform inversion using a limited number of stations
Authors: Nikulins Valerijs , Malytskyy Dmytro
Published: February 2022

The focal-mechanism solution for the second shock of the Kaliningrad earthquake on 21 September 2004 (13:32 UTC) with a magnitude of Mw 5.2 was obtained using the waveform inversion (WFI) method. The method was used with the aim of its subsequent application as a discriminator in the East Baltic region for recognizing the genesis of seismic events based on data from a limited number of stations. The WFI method was tested by broadband channels. The results of focal-mechanism solution (strike = 119°; dip = 73°; rake = –163°) allowed (1) to state the source mechanism as a right-lateral strike-slip, (2) to estimate the optimal source depth equal to 3.0 km, and (3) to estimate the parameters of the compression axes (Paz = 340°; Ppl = 29°), tension (Taz = 252°; Tpl = 1°) and the axis coinciding with the intersection of two nodal planes (Baz = 162°; Bpl = 66°). These results are in satisfactory agreement with the results of the leading seismological agencies. Seismotectonic analysis showed that the epicentre of the earthquake is located inside the structure formed by the Yantarnensk fault zone and the zone of the Bakalinsk ruptured flexure. The WFI method showed its potential use as a discriminator of the genesis of seismic events.
Investigation and mapping of the temporary dynamics of the highest Lithuanian outcrop using ground-based measurements and UAV imagery
Authors: Bautrėnas Artūras , Česnulevičius Algimantas , Regina Regina , Bevainis Linas , Kumetaitienė Aušra , Ovodas Donatas , Mačiulevičiūtė-Turlienė Neringa , Šutinienė Loreta , Karaliūnas Viktoras , Baubinienė Aldona , Baužienė Ieva
Published: February 2022

The main goal of the study is to evaluate changes that have occurred in the Pūčkoriai outcrop surface over the 2014–2019 period and to compare the accuracy of ground-based measurements with that of UAV aerial image models. Ground-based measurements were performed applying the original methodology, which involves comparison of the first one and subsequent beam direction. For surface change surveys, we used repeated terrestrial geodetic measurements and UAV imagery. Ground-based measurements were performed using a Trimble M3 Total Station (with RTK); aerial images were captured using UAV INSPIRE1 with a ZENMUSE X3 camera. Pix4D photogrammetric software was used to create a DEM. The comparison of repeated terrestrial measurements and UAV aerial imagery revealed that the average change in the outcrop surface altitude over the period 2014–2019 amounted to 8.3 cm, with a maximum of 24.23 cm and a minimum of 0.33 cm. Contactless remote sensing allows obtaining data without affecting or altering the surface of the exposed deposits. The difference between terrestrial geodetic measurements and the UAV-based DEM did not exceed the following values: ΔX and ΔY ≤ 68 mm; ΔZ ≤ 21 mm. Previous research has shown that the use of UAV aerial photography images for assessing changes in outcrops consisting of loose sediment layers yields sufficiently accurate results. The present study focuses on the determination of quantitative indicators of seasonal changes in the outcrop surface. Quantitative surface changes of the outcrop were mapped based on dynamic signs, surface comparison and a formal choropleth map (10 × 10 m); dynamic zones of the outcrop were distinguished based on the results obtained employing these methods. The data obtained can be extrapolated to other Lithuanian river outcrops, which are characterized by a variety of sediments.
How does the latency period impact the modeling of COVID-19 transmission dynamics?
Authors: Patterson Ben , Wang Jin
Published: February 2022

We introduce two mathematical models based on systems of  differential equations to investigate the relationship between the latency period and the transmission dynamics of COVID-19. We analyze the equilibrium and stability properties of these models, and perform an asymptotic study in terms of small and large latency periods. We fit the models to the COVID-19 data in the U.S. state of Tennessee. Our numerical results demonstrate the impact of the latency period on the dynamical behaviors of the solutions, on the value of the  basic reproduction numbers, and on the accuracy of the model predictions.
Analysis of the vascular flora in the Cajas National Park (Central Andes, Ecuador)
Authors: Ansaloni Raffaella , Izco Jesús , Amigo Javier , Minga Danilo
Published: February 2022

The Cajas National Park (CNP) is located 30 km from the city of Cuenca (Ecuador), in the western Andean chain and occupies an area of almost 30,000 ha, between 3300-4450 m of altitude, and includes various ecosystems: subpáramo, herbaceous paramo and super-páramo, which include grasslands (dominant in CNP), wetlands, Polylepis sp. pl. and scrubs; above 4200 m, bush communities adapted to extreme edaphoclimatic conditions dominate. For the elaboration of the catalogue of the vascular flora of the CNP, we compiled, refined and analysed the information available in the herbaria of the University of Azuay (Cuenca, Ecuador) (HA), Missouri Botanical Garden (MO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Ecuador (QCA) and Tropicos® database, with records of altitudes above 3300 m asl and our collections in the years 2012-2019. 666 species are documented, belonging to 264 genera and 89 botanical families; we describe their biological form (biotype), habitat, distribution ‒with special attention to endemic and non-native species‒ and degree of threat. Finally, the data for each of these criteria are jointly analysed and compared with other Andean mountain ranges. Dichondra macrocalyx Meisn. and Piptochaetium tovarii Sánchez Vega are reported for the first time in Ecuador.
Fenomen Annelerin Fenomen Pazarlaması Kapsamında Yaptıkları Paylaşımlar Üzerine Bir İçerik Analizi
Authors: Yapıcıoğlu Ayaz Yeliz , Aytekin Pınar
Published: February 2022

All areas of life have been started to keep in step with developments according to improvements of djitilization. One of the areas which develop according to dijitilization is marketing. Marketers find out different things with the process of traditional methods to dijital world and marketing techniques have been began to reformulate. In this context, relationships of marketers and consumers transmit to other size. Social media tools like Facebook, Twitter, Youtube and Instagram are used as a new marketing tool. Influencer marketing has been developed in compliance with these new social media platforms. Purpose: The purpose of study to take hand Instagram accounts of influencer moms deeply with regard to their sharings about products and brands. Methodology: Accounts of ınfluencer moms was investigated according to their follower numbers and their sharings was analyzed with formalized ten categories through content analysis. Findings: Numbers of followers of these mothers accounts’ are higher and their sharings were evaluated dissimilarities and similarities according to sharing numbers, intensity, sharing times of contents, comments about sharings, and which things take place in sharing contents Orijinality: Particularly, Instagram,has came into prominence as a social media tool in recent years. Many people who try to become influencer and cooperate with brands. They manipulate their followers to buy brands. They are like a bridge between brands and consumer groups.In this context, it is needed researchers about influencer marketing.This study provide contribution about influencer moms who are effecitve communication with consumer groups about products and brands and this study has the characteristics from this point of view. Key Words: Influencer Marketing, Influencer Mom, Advertising, Social Media, Instagram, Content Analysi
An Examination of Fantasy Illustration and the Illustrations of Pauline Baynes and John Howe Through the Writings of J. R. R. Tolkien
Authors: HASIRCI Baris
Published: February 2022

J. R. R. Tolkien, known for originating “The Lord of the Rings” trilogy is one of the most acclaimed authors of fantasy literature whose work has captured the imagination of people of all ages and backgrounds. It is evident that through his work, Tolkien is able to kindle in the hearts of his readers desire for a new world and adventures. In the article, the aim is to focus on Tolkien’s ideas on fantasy illustration as relayed in his essays and letters to understand how illustrators may enliven feelings of wonder as Tolkien has done with his words. The style he has employed to create his own illustrations, his criteria for selecting illustrations to be published with his works, why he was partial to the illustrations of Pauline Baynes and the similar qualities found in the works of John Howe, who is one of the most widely recognized illustrators of Tolkien’s work is discussed. Through this study, the essence of the works of Tolkien that have such a strong impact on readers and the qualities that fantasy illustrations of today should possess in the pursuit of creating a desirable “Secondary World” for the readers’ imaginations to enter may be discovered. Keywords: Fantasy illustration, Secondary World, desire, Arts & Crafts Movement, the Golden Age of British Illustration
Covid-19 Sürecinde Akademisyenlerin Acil Uzaktan Eğitim Sistemi Kullanım Algılarının Planlı Davranış Teorisi Temelinde Teknoloji Kabul Modeli ile İncelenmesi
Authors: BEKAR Fevziye , Çam Handan
Published: February 2022

Face-to-face education gave way to online emergency education due to the new Coronavirus pandemic. Regarding this change, this study aims to determine how academics perceive emergency distance education systems and the factors that affect their perceptions. Technology Acceptance Model was used for the theory of planned behaviour in this study. The population consisted of academics. Convenience and snowball sampling methods were used to reach the 444 academics that work in 43 different universities. The data were collected with online questionnaire forms through Google Forms. The collected data were tested through reliability, validity and confirmatory factor analyses and the research model was reviewed through the structural equation model. As a result, seven out of the nine suggested hypotheses were accepted. The research concluded that the subjective norm variables based on the theory of planned behaviour such as interpersonal effects and external effects did not have an impact on behavioural intention; perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use had a significantly positive effect on satisfaction towards the use of distant education; satisfaction and perceived behavioural control had a significantly positive effect on behaviour and that behavioural intention had a significantly positive effect on behaviour towards the use of distant education. Keywords: New Coronavirus Pandemic, Technology Acceptance Model, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Emergency Distance Education System, Academics
Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenlerinin Eğitsel Oyun Oynatma Becerilerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: POLATCAN İsmail
Published: February 2022

This research was conducted to demonstrate the educational game-playing skills of physical education and sports teachers, in line with their opinions according to dependent and independent variables. “Educational Game Playing Skill Observation Scale” (EGPSOS) developed by Akcınar (2018) was used. The EGPSO Scale consists of 5 sub-dimensions and 30 items. The sample group of the study was composed of 397 physical education and sports teachers, and the data obtained were primarily analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 software. Independent sample T-Test and One-Way ANOVA tests were used for the analysis of the data obtained from the participants. In the analyzes made as a result of the research, a significant difference was found in the variables of service period and age of the teachers; no difference was found in the other variables. "Pearson's correlation analysis" was conducted in order to identify the level and the direction of relationships between variables. In the correlation analysis, it was observed that the strongest correlation was found between “(EGPSOS)” and the preparatory phase sub-dimension (r= 0.979; p< 0.05) in the positive direction and at a very high level. As a result of the research, it was considered that there was a decrease in educational game playing skills as the service period of teachers increased. Keywords: Physical Education, Teacher, Sports, Educational Game
MODEL JEMAAT RUMAH BERDASARKAN SURAT FILIPI SEBAGAI STRATEGI MISI UNTUK MENUJU JEMAAT GKE SAMPIT YANG MISIONER
Authors: Eltarani  , Latumahina Dina Elisabeth
Published: February 2022

Gereja ada karena misi. Sebagai gereja yang diutus, ia tidak melaksanakan misinya sendiri tetapi gereja berfungsi sebagai pelaksana misi Allah. Pernyataan ini menyiratkan bahwa gereja tidak dapat menyangkal tugas misionernya. Oleh karena itu, kesadaran dan pelaksanaan tugas misionaris harus menjadi prioritasnya. Dalam menjalankan tugas misioner ia tidak mementingkan dirinya sendiri tetapi ia ada untuk orang lain. Untuk menjadi jemaat misioner diperlukan pola pembinaan dan pelayanan yang strategis guna mempersiapkan anggota gereja agar mampu menjalankan misi Allah.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, yaitu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih luas dan mendalam tentang Model Jemaat Rumah Berdasarkan Surat Paulus untuk Menuju Jemaat Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis Sampit yang Misioner.

Tujuan penulisan disertasi ini adalah untuk menemukan model Jemaat Rumah dalam konteks Jemaat GKE Sampit sebagai strategi misi. Jemaat Rumah sebagai model pelayanan dengan persekutuan sosial yang dapat berfungsi sebagai pola yang fleksibel untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pelayanan secara pribadi serta mempersiapkan anggota gereja untuk melaksanakan tugas misioner. Jemaat Rumah juga dapat berfungsi sebagai sarana untuk membina mereka, tidak hanya untuk terlibat dalam pelayanan, tetapi terutama untuk memampukan mereka mengaktualisasikan imannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dan berfungsi sebagai gereja di dunia.
KONSEP GEMBALA MENURUT YEHEZKIEL 34:1-16 SERTA IMPLIKASINYA BAGI GEMBALA JEMAAT
Authors: Siahaan Simon Petrus
Published: February 2022

Kemajuan suatu gereja baik secara kwalitas maupun secara kwantitas tidak bisa dilepaskan dari sikap gembala atau pemimpinnya terhadap domba-domba-Nya atau jemaat-Nya. Seorang pemimpin mau tidak mau dituntut untuk hidup menjadi panutan bagi yang dipimpin (jemaat). Dan seorang pemimpin bukanlah seorang penguasa. Seringkali dapat dilihat bagaimana jikalau seorang pemimpin atau gembala itu sangat memperhatikan jemaatnya, memberi makanan rohani sesuai dengan Firman Tuhan, mengarahkan, melindungi, dan mengasihi jemaatnya, maka secara otomatis jemaatnya pun mengasihi pemimpinya. Akan tetapi jikalau seorang pemimpin atau gembala yang memiliki sifat yang kasar, tamak, kejam dan bengis serta tidak bertanggung jawab, maka dapat dibayangkan bagaimana reaksi dari jemaatnya atau orang yang dipimpin (“domba-dombanya”).
TINJAUAN ETIS KRISTEN TERHADAP POLITISASI AGAMA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Lumban Gaol Kurnia Sondang
Published: February 2022

Prinsip kepercayaan yang dibuat bersifat politik sesungguhnya adalah tindakan yang dilakukan oleh para elit politik di Indonesia dikarenakan masalah kekuasaan,  keinginan untuk mendapatkan posisi penghormatan, penghargaan.   Penggunaan agama sebagai alat pencapai kekuasaan juga didukung oleh lemahnya integritas, identitas, dan kredibilitas para tokoh agama yang mau diperalat untuk memperoleh keuntungan pribadi dan keinginan untuk berkuasa. Politisasi Agama tidak pernah dapat menyelesaikan masalah, justru memperburuk kondisi bangsa, mencederai demokrasi bangsa, dan merugikan bangsa. Sehingga menggunakan agama yang transenden sebagai bagian dalam proses politik praktis tidaklah etis. Tugas orang percaya sebagai warga negara yang bertanggungjawab adalah melakukan politik agama bukan politisasi agama, sebagai garam dan terang gereja harus melakukan politik kenabian. Orang percaya yang bersikap anti politik berarti menganggap bahwa pengajaran Yesus pada masa lampau tidak dapat diaplikasikan bagi persoalan politik masa kini. Bersikap anti politik dengan alasan bahwa politik selalu menggunakan kekuasaan untuk memaksa, tidaklah mendasar. Orang-orang Kristen boleh menerima dan menjalankan jabatan pemerintahan bila mereka terpanggil untuk itu (Kis. 10:1-2). Namun harus mampu bersikap benar dalam menghadapi persoalan dan situasi bangsa Orang percaya harus melaksanakan fungsinya sebagai “garam” dan “terang” dunia. Keterlibatan dalam politik dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai  cara. Kegiatan politik tidak hanya melalui partai politik atau institusi politik lainnya yang dibentuk oleh pemerintah, tetapi juga dapat berbentuk kegiatan pada organisasi kemasyarakatan. Kehadiran orang Kristen dalam dunia perpolitikan haruslah digunakan untuk memuliakan Tuhan. Orang Kristen harus berhati-hati agar tidak terjebak dengan agamaisasi politik dan politisasi agama. Takut akan Tuhan adalah dasar politik moral orang percaya dalam bersentuhan dengan politik praktis.
RELEVANSI LUKAS 10:1-12 BAGI HAMBA TUHAN SEBAGAI PELAKSANA MISI ALLAH
Authors: Masihoru Olivia
Published: February 2022

Pekerjaan misi yaitu membawa orang-orang berdosa untuk mengenal Tuhan Yesus merupakan tugas semua orang yang percaya kepada-Nya. Semua orang percaya mempunyai tugas dan tanggung jawab untuk memberitakan Injil, seperti yang diamanatkan Tuhan Yesus (Mat 28:18-20). Namun lebih khusus lagi Allah memanggil dan menetapkan orang-orang tertentu untuk mengerjakan tugas misi itu. Dalam pekerjaan misi membutuhkan banyak pekerja, karena ladang misi sangat luas. Pekerja yang dibutuhkan adalah hamba Tuhan yang memiliki beban misi untuk memenangkan sebanyak mungkin jiwa bagi kemuliaan Tuhan. Hamba Tuhan perlu memahami misi sehingga dapat terlibat dalam pelayanan misi. Injil Kerajaan Allah harus diberitakan kapada semua orang, terutama kepada orang-orang yang belum mengenal Injil, seperti penugasan Yesus kepada ketujuh puluh murid (Luk 10:1-12). Injil adalah berita sukacita yang harus diberitakan kepada segala bangsa melalui para Hamba-Nya, sehingga setiap orang percaya dan mengenal Yesus sebagai Juruselamat dunia. Dalam pelayanan misi Tuhan memakai hamba Tuhan, tentunya dengan penyertaan-Nya melalui kuasa Roh Kudus.
PELAYANAN PASTORAL KONSELING BERDASARKAN 1 PETRUS 5 : 1 – 11
Authors: Tuhumury Hanok
Published: February 2022

Pergantian sistem pemerintahan di Israel dalam 1 Samuel 8:1-22 yang menyoroti suasana transisi dari pemerintahan hakim ke pemerintahan raja menuntut agar kita tidak menghayati iman secara naif, dalam arti hitam-putih saja, tetapi secara mendalam, secara dialektis. Di dalam ayat 7 barulah jelas bahwa persoalan dalam perikop ini bukanlah sekadar masalah sekular mengenai pergantian sistem,  tetapi persoalan iman. Sebab dengan mengajukan tuntutan meminta raja, bukannya Israel menolak Samuel, tetapi menolak Tuhan sendiri. Kesetiaan iman terhadap Tuhan ternyata tidak menuntut agar kita mengidentikkan iman dengan zaman apa saja, entah itu masa lalu, masa kini atau masa depan. Kerajaan Allah melampaui gambaran apa pun yang dapat digambarkan oleh manusia. Maka yang dituntut dari orang beriman dalam rangka menghadapi perubahan zaman  sehingga dapat setia kepada imannya maupun kepada konteks, adalah sikap dialektis. Tetapi yang ditekankan adalah kesetiaan iman saja, dan tidak peduli pada perubahan konteks yang terjadi di sekitarnya. Penulis melihat bahwa hal tersebut yang membuat bebarapa anggota gereja Bala Keselamatan Jember, akhirnya kalah dalam peperangan rohani karena tidak peduli dengan konteks, imannya “terjual” karena menikah dengan orang yang tidak seiman dan akhir terjadi perceraian karena tidak adanya kesesuaian dalam hidup rumah tangga. Bagaimana supaya kita dapat terhindar dari kesalahan ini, sehingga bisa membangun sikap dialektis yang dapat memampukan kita untuk setia pada iman sekaligus setia pada konteks?.  Emanuel Gerrit Singgih mengemukakan tiga hal, sebagai berikut: Pertama, kita perlu kembali kepada Alkitab. Harus bertolak dari teks Alkitab sehingga dapat menuntun kita untuk mengambil sikap yang tepat sesuai dengan suasana perubahan sehingga bisa menghayati imannya sesuai dengan konteks yang ada. Kedua, kita perlu kembali kepada reformator-reformator, yang adalah para pembaru gereja dengan prinsip reformasi: yaitu “Ecclesia Reformata, semper roformanda” (gereja reformasi selalu bereformasi). Para reformator telah berhasil memecahkan kebekuan teologis yang ada dengan memprotes konteks, “penggunaan bahasa Latin sebagai bahasa ibadah dan menggantikan dengan bahasa setempat (konteks).  Ketiga, beralih dari managemen top-down, kepada managemen bottom-up, sehingga jemaat yang ada dalam segala pergumulan hidupnya tetap dihargai karena mereka adalah domba dari Kristus, jemaat dan gembala/majelis semuanya  adalah kawan sekerja Allah.
Problematika Teks dan Makna Matius 19:9
Authors: Putra Adi
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The problematic text and meaning of Matthew 19: 9 is the focus of this study. Because this verse not only causes polemic in its meaning, it is also needed in the text. Because based on the notes to Nestle Aland 28 (NA28), there are so many variations on this verse. By using qualitative, specifically using analysis and exegesis tools with accuracy in analyzing, it is concluded that the text provided by NA28 is much better (stated or) and suitable to be used as translated text in exegesis studies. In addition, in this study, it was found as a phrase "except for adultery" asking for reasons to justify divorce. However, in this study it was found that even adultery had taken place, divorce was still not permitted. Because Jesus' Teaching Principle is love and forgiveness.

Abstraksi: Problematika teks dan makna Matius 19:9 menjadi konsen dari penelitian ini. Oleh karena ayat ini tidak hanya menimbulkan polemik pada maknanya, melainkan juga pada teksnya. Karena berdasarkan catatan kaki pada Nestle Aland 28 (NA28), ada begitu banyak varian terhadap ayat ini. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, khususnya menggunakan analisis apparatus dan eksegesis dengan ketelitian dalam menganalisis, maka disimpulkan bahwa teks yang diberikan oleh NA28 jauh lebih baik (mendekatai aslinya) dan cocok dijadikan sebagai teks acuan dalam studi eksegesis. Selain itu, dalam penelitian ini, dijumpai bahwa frasa “kecuali karena zina” bukanlah sebuah alasan untuk membenarkan perceraian. Akan tetapi dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa bahkan sekalipun telah terjadi perzinaan, perceraian tetap tidak diperbolehkan. Karena prinsip ajaran Yesus adalah kasih dan pengampunan.
Biological Valves Impervious to Calcification: Is this Holy Grail a Cup Ready to Drink?
Authors:   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, Ricci Alessandro , Weltert Luca ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, Lucertini Giovanni ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, Ciccarelli Giulia ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, Scaffa Raffaele ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, Salica Andrea ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, D’Aleo Salvatore ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, Guerrieri-Wolf Lorenzo ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, Fusca Samuel ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, Bellisario Alessandro ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy, De Paulis Ruggero ,   European Hospital, Heart Surgery Division, Rome, Italy
Published: February 2022

An indefinitely lasting bioprosthesis that does not require anticoagulation treatment is the holy grail of substitutive heart surgery. However, this goal is not yet in sight with the present state of technology. Over the past few years, tremendous advances have been achieved regarding tissue anticalcification processes, hemodynamic performance and future-proofing by ensuring compatibility with transcatheter valve-in-valve procedures. The Inspiris Resilia valve (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) was designed to incorporate all of these enhancements. It is now leaving the experimental phase and is being tested in the real world. We present here a comprehensive review of the evolution of biological prostheses, details of new anticalcification technologies, and early results of published studies as well as the experience at the European Hospital (Rome, Italy), the site of the first European implant and a leading center in various protocols. In our two years of experience with the Inspiris Resilia, there have been no cases of structural valve deterioration, endocarditis, detachment or periprocedural complication, and gradients seem to be superior to those with the previous generation of Edwards valves. While longer-term experience is clearly needed, the results thus far are encouraging.
Can We Approach a Zero Percent Infection Rate In Total Knee Arthroplasty? A Program To Achieve This Goal With Antimicrobial Agents
Authors:   Northwell Health Orthopaedics Lenox Hill Hospital New York, New York, Knapp Paul , Chen Zhongming ,   Northwell Health Orthopaedics Lenox Hill Hospital New York, New York Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement Sinai Hospital of Baltimore Baltimore, Maryland, Myntti Matthew ,   Next Science Jacksonville, Florida, Mont Michael ,   Northwell Health Orthopaedics Lenox Hill Hospital New York, New York
Published: February 2022

Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are one of the most feared complications in the realm of adult reconstruction due to the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with these cases. Advancements in arthroplasty have been made across a variety of areas of interest including implant surfaces, implant design, material science, etc., but a focus on infection prevention and treatment is of utmost importance. A new technology has been created that targets biofilm and aims to prevent infection in total joint arthroplasty. In this manuscript we aim to describe the benefits of this technology and describe the ideal use in a case scenario format. We believe that with this technology that we can approach the goal of a zero periprosthetic infection rate.
Sifat Mekanis dan Termal PLA dengan Filler TiO2 dan ZnO
Authors: Ahsan Syaiful , Diniyah Robiatul , Firmana Muhamad Firel
Published: February 2022

Plastik biodegradable merupakan tipe plastik yang tersusun atas struktur yang mudah terdegradasi oleh mikroorganisme. Salah satu jenis plastik tersebut yang juga sering dikategorikan sebagai bioplastik karena berasal dari bahan alami adalah poliasam laktat atau polylactic acid (PLA). PLA memiliki monomer asam laktat dari bahan baku terbarukan. Plastik biodegradable belum diproses secara massal dan digunakan sehari-hari secara luas karena memiliki keterbatasan sifat yang belum sesuai untuk menggantikan plastik konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan filler mineral TiO2 dan ZnO pada PLA. Filler TiO2 ditambahkan ke dalam matriks PLA sebanyak 1,0%; 1,5%; 2,0% sedangkan ZnO sebanyak 1,5%; 3,0%; dan 4,5%  dari massa campuran, dengan massa PLA yang digunakan tetap sebesar 3 gram. Pencampuran PLA dengan filler mineral dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode solvent casting. Proses tersebut melalui beberapa tahap yaitu pelarutan polimer dan pendispersian filler, pencetakan dalam cawan petri, dan pengeringan di lemari asam. Pengujian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan TiO2 dan ZnO terhadap sifat mekanis dan sifat termal menggunakan universal testing machine (UTM) dan thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Diperoleh hasil bahwa TiO2 dapat meningkatkan sedangkan ZnO menurunkan stabilitas termal PLA. Dari hasil uji tarik diketahui bahwa ZnO meningkatkan kekuatan dan keuletan namun menurunkan kekakuan PLA.
ON THE PROBLEM OF EMERGENCY SITUATION CONTROL IN TRANSPORT TUNNELS
Authors: Lanchava Omar , Gvencadze Irakli
Published: February 2022

The problem of control of emergency situation arisen as a result of fire in motor transport tunnels is considered. The dynamics of air flow variation caused by fire and resulting possible changes in ventilation system operation character are analyzed. It is stated that fire temperatures and intensities indicated in Code are significantly lower compared to their actual values; at the initial stage of fire ventilators are more effective for smoke removal than for heat removal; 30 MV intensity' is sufficient for ventilation system collapse in the very first minutes of dire; the only way to avoid collapse is immediate dissection of tunnel into short isolated sections.
Molecular features of tubo-ovarian epithelial changes in ovarian epithelial tumours
Authors: Dzotsenidze Tamar , Gvenetadze Arsen , Burkadze George
Published: February 2022

The etiology and pathogenesis of ovarian serous carcinomas as well as prognoses and clinical management are still under vigorous research. The data provided by many studies support the idea that ovarian serous carcinomas are mainly influenced by the changes occurring in the fallopian tube epithelium. This theory is supported by molecular lesions present in high-grade ovarian cancers and fallopian tube neoplasms. This topic needs some additional studies using pathogenetic characteristics like proliferative and apoptotic changes, which will further support and even may take it under suspicious the theory that ovarian carcinomas are originating from the fallopian tube. It is also crucial to study hormonal expressions while there is a lot of information that steroid hormones have a huge role in the pathogenesis of ovarian carcinomas but there is almost very little data on how these influences are related to the fallopian tube neoplasms. A deeper understanding of ovarian tumours and their etiological pathways are important to prevent and determine prognoses, which will enable better therapeutic methods. It has utmost importance to study additional characteristics like stem cell distribution in the fallopian tube epithelium and in ovarian neoplasms. The cancer heterogeneity need also further discussion regarding ovarian cancer novel classifications. This will finally aid the modification of better-personalized treatment.
Oil Pollution Crisis and Relationship Marketing Approach of Oil Firms in Niger Delta
Authors: G.L. Komene , C.O. Remi
Published: February 2022

This study was designed to examine the extent to which relationship marketing approach of the oil firms: Shell BP, Agip Oil Company, and Elf Oil Firm have reduced the trend of oil pollution crisis in Niger Delta. A descriptive survey research design was employed in this study. The study population was 37,965,391 residents drawn from the projected population of Niger Delta states; based on which a sample size of 400 respondents was determined using Taro Yamane’s sample size determination techniques at 0.5 percent level of significance. The purposive sampling procedure was employed to enable the researcher to select the representative sample elements of the population interest from the right respondents who have adequate knowledge of the study under investigation from the different strata of the study population. A structured instrument for data collection containing twenty (20) item questions was used for the study. The face and content validation of the instrument was obtained through the judgment of experts. A test-retest method was employed to determine the reliability of the instrument and the reliability index of .85 was obtained with the use of Spearman’s Rank correlation co-efficient. The data collected for the study were analyzed using the mean score test and the percentage test method to answered the research questions; while the inferential statistics of Pearson Moment Correlation test was used to test the null hypothesis at .05 level of significance. Results obtained revealed that “There is no significant relationship between the use of adaptive, responsive, interactive and reactive relationship marketing approach and the reduction in oil pollution crisis in Niger Delta”. The implication of this finding is that the oil firms’ by its relationship marketing approach was considered to lack merit of proactive improvement value to reduce the trend of oil pollution crisis, which if, not corrected with an ethical relationship based marketing consideration in a responsible manner; oil firms might experience sudden unpredicted operational interruption by the oil-bearing communities. It was recommended that oil firms should consider using more pragmatic sustainable ethical based relationship marketing approach in a responsible manner to reduce the trend of oil pollution crisis in oil-bearing communities in Niger Delta.
Impact of Organizational Value System, Perceived Organizational Support, and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment
Authors: Sadaf Maha , Mukhtar Usman , Nemati Ali Raza , Yousaf Rehan , Javed Wasmiya
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to investigate the effects of perceived organizational support, organizational values system, and job satisfaction on organizational commitment. The study was conducted in the educational sector of Pakistan. Building on the previous literature, the authors propose a model which links an organization's internal procedures/practices, employees' perceptions, views, and his/her level of contentment with his/her job, loyalty and emotions. Through the assumed connections between these aspects, the relationship among them was inspected and analyzed in the given study. To test the proposed model, the data was collected online from 210 faculty members and teachers from different universities in Pakistan. It was accomplished through convenient sampling. Moreover, a cross-sectional method was adopted for data gathering. As per the author's assumptions, the results generated through regression analysis provide shreds of evidence that there exists a significant positive relationship between organizational commitment, job satisfaction, organizational values, and perceived organizational support. The overall study displays the importance of providing support, improving job satisfaction, and clearly defining organizational values to the employees to enhance their organizational commitment. The study validates the significance of organizational practices over employees' attachment towards the organization and deepens the understanding of the determinants of organizational commitment. Furthermore, suggestions about theoretical and managerial practices of the given study have been discussed in the end.
Perceived Overqualification as a Determinant of Proactive Behavior and Career Success: The Need for Achievement as a Moderator
Authors: Aslam Sumaira , Shahid Muhammad Naeem , Sattar Abdul
Published: February 2022

Recent studies show the importance of overqualification for the career success of professionals. Drawing on relative deprivation and person-environment fit theory and with a  focus on career success perspective, we examined the effect of perceived overqualification on career success via proactive behaviour and relative deprivation, and how the need for achievement moderates the relationship between perceived overqualification and proactive behaviour and relative deprivation. The study collected data in three waves using time lagged design from the top universities of Lahore and Faisalabad, Pakistan. In the first set of surveys, 456 questionnaires were returned, yielding an 85.23 percent response rate. Three hundred eighty-two questionnaires were returned in the second round of surveys, yielding an 83.77 percent response rate. In the third round of surveys, 318 questionnaires were received, accounting for 83.25 percent of the total. so a total of 318 questionnaires were selected for analysis. The study found that perceived overqualification was found to have a positive relationship with career success. Proactive behaviour and relative deprivation mediate between overqualification and career success. Moreover, the findings suggest that a high need for achievement strengthens the positive relationship between perceived overqualifications and proactive behaviour, whereas a high need for achievement weakens the relation between perceived overqualification and relative deprivation. These findings show that employees high on need for achievement will show more proactive behaviour with overqualification and low relative deprivation. The findings suggest many theoretical as well as practical implications for managers to reduce overqualification perceptions of employees in an organizational context. The managerial implications are also discussed in the end.
Need Analysis on English for Specific Purposes of Marketing Major Students
Authors: Pratami Wiranda Gusti , Rizal Syamsul , Haryanto Endang
Published: February 2022

This study aims at determining the teaching materials needed by marketing students at SMKN 1 Kota Bengkulu and analyzing students' needs in learning English at SMKN 1 Kota Bengkulu. The subjects of this study were thirty four students of grade 10 students at SMKN 1 Kota Bengkulu. There were 34 students who participated in this research gathered by using purposive sampling The research method in this research was descriptive qualitative, and the instruments used in data collection were questionnaires, interviews and documentation. The results showed that teaching materials that have not been specific and English learning materials that are still general in nature, and ESP material have not yet available at SMKN 1 Kota Bengkulu. Second, the data indicated that the English language skill most needed by marketing students was speaking, and they claimed speaking was a useful skill to support their future work. In conclusion, this study recommends teachers at SMKN 1 Kota Bengkulu to pay more attention to the students ‘needs in learning English as solution to improve their abilities in learning English.
High-Achieving Students’ Strategies toward E-Learning Practice during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Syadiah Hujah Tu’al’ , Saputra Andri , Akbarjono Ali
Published: February 2022

This research investigates the strategies used by high-achieving students of the English department at several colleges and their understanding of learning materials studied during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The researcher decided on a small sample size of 9 students majoring in English at several universities in Bengkulu to be sampled in this research, ranging in age 20 to 21 years old. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method to collect the research data using the interview method to answer the research questions. From the results of this study, following the focus of the proposed research, there are three kinds of strategies used by nine students in this study. The first is a note-taking strategy, the second is a reading strategy, and the third is a recording strategy. This strategy is used by students who high-achieving in the learning process to understand the material being studied.
The Effect of Compare-Diagnose-Operate (CDO) Strategy to Improve Students’ Writing Ability In Descriptive Text
Authors: Kusuma Tatang , Akbarjono Ali , Zasrianita Fera
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the differences in cognitive learning outcomes (in the form of pre-test and post-test scores) of students in class X IPS 1 as a control class and class XI MIPA 3 as experimental class at SMA N 5 Bengkulu Tengah, by providing treatment using the Compare -Diagnose-Operate (CDO) strategy. This type of research is Quasi Experiment. The population is tenth grade students of SMA N 5 Bengkulu Tengah with 368 students. From this population, 37 students were taken as samples. Each class is 17 students XI IPS 1 and 20 students XI MIPA 3. Research data were collected through writing tests and documentation. The results showed a significant change in the experimental class with an average value of 71.85 while in the control class an average value of 52.06. The post-test results show that the Compare-Diagnose- Operate (CDO) strategy can improve students' writing skills. Thus, the Compare- Diagnose-Operate (CDO) strategy can be one of effective strategy to increase students‟ writing ability.