bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tourismus und Authentizität
Authors: Schäfer Robert
Published: December 2014

Welche Bedeutung hat Tourismus für die Gesellschaft heute? Ausgehend von der These der »staged authenticity« (MacCannell) und anhand touristischer Fallbeispiele ergründet Robert Schäfer, welche Rolle der Tourismus in der heutigen Gesellschaft spielt und was in diesem Zusammenhang Authentizität bedeutet. Durch die Verschränkung von empirischer Forschung und theoretischer Begriffsbildung ist die Studie für all diejenigen interessant, die sich für eine kultursoziologische Erklärung des Tourismus sowie für eine empirisch gesättigte Theorie des Authentischen interessieren.
Performances zur Sprache bringen
Authors: Leifeld Denis
Published: December 2014

Performer faszinieren, irritieren und machen sprachlos. Sie konfrontieren ihr Publikum mit Erfahrungen des Unbegreifbaren - einer der intensivsten Wirkungen im zeitgenössischen Theater und der Gegenwartskunst. Wie aber kann Sprachlosigkeit versprachlicht werden? Mit dieser Frage erschließt Denis Leifeld ein zentrales Problem der Kunst- und Theaterwissenschaft und liefert einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur Fortentwicklung der Aufführungsanalyse. Anhand von Performances von Romeo Castellucci, Steven Cohen und japanischen Cosplayern erarbeitet er eine wissenschaftliche Schreibweise, die bisherige Normen überschreitet, um die Erfahrungen des Unbegreifbaren zu analysieren und sie im Schreiben zu vergegenwärtigen.
Küche, Kühlschrank, Kilowatt
Authors: Gerber Sophie
Published: December 2014

Hoher Energie- und vor allem Stromverbrauch ist zu einem Problem geworden - aber wie konnte er zu einem bestimmenden Faktor westlichen Lebenswandels werden? Sophie Gerber widmet sich der Frage nach seiner Etablierung in privaten Haushalten zwischen 1945 und 1990 sowie der Rolle von elektrischen (Küchen-)Geräten und ihren Konsument_innen. Auf der Grundlage eines breitgefächerten Quellen- und Materialkorpus untersucht sie das Phänomen des rasant steigenden privaten Energieverbrauchs in seiner Bedeutung für die gesamtgesellschaftliche Entwicklung. Die Studie entwickelt eine neue Perspektive auf die Energiegeschichte und trägt dazu bei, die Herausforderungen der »Energiewende« besser zu verstehen.
A COMPLEXIDADE DA DOCÊNCIA NOS ANOS INICIAIS NA ESCOLA PÚBLICA
Authors: Lima Vanda Moreira Machado
Published: December 2014

A construção de uma escola pública dos anos iniciais democrática e de qualidade para todos é ainda um enorme desafio. Este artigo visa refletir a complexidade da docência nos anos iniciais sob a ótica dos professores que atuam nesse espaço educativo, enfatizando seu papel social, suas alegrias e seus desafios. Para tanto, a pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa envolveu estudo bibliográfico, análise documental, entrevista reflexiva e análise de conteúdo na tabulação dos dados, envolvendo vinte professores dos anos iniciais de dez escolas públicas de três municípios do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Concluímos que, o significado de ser professor é ressaltado pelo domínio das áreas do conhecimento do currículo nacional dos anos iniciais. Nos dados empíricos o papel do professor dos anos iniciais é a formação integral da criança, com a ênfase para ensinar a ler, a escrever e a contar. A maior alegria consiste na interação com a criança, no constatar seu desenvolvimento no processo ensino-aprendizagem. Os desafios concentram-se prioritariamente sobre a ausência da família na escolaridade do filho, a diversidade dos alunos em virtude da democratização do ensino e, em menor intensidade, os cursos de formação de professores em nível superior, a desvalorização da escola pública e do professor, a estrutura do sistema educacional brasileiro. Constatamos que o professor dos anos iniciais da escola pública depara-se com uma realidade desafiadora para exercer sua prática pedagógica, porque os cursos de formação inicial e contínua são precários, fragilizados e descontextualizados para o formar como um intelectual crítico reflexivo que responda aos desafios evidenciados nessa pesquisa. Defendemos a necessidade de uma política pública de valorização do professor, que enfatize a qualidade da formação do professor, remuneração adequada, estímulo constante ao desenvolvimento profissional e melhorias das condições de trabalho, seja aos futuros professores, seja àqueles que já atuam nas escolas.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v22i23.1767
O PROBLEMA DA EUTANÁSIA COMO UMA QUESTÃO FILOSÓFICA: REFLEXÕES ÉTICAS ACERCA DA EUTANÁSIA NO FIM DE VIDA E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES EDUCATIVAS
Authors: Pedro Ana
Published: December 2014

A tese que vamos defender neste artigo é a do reconhecimento da capacidade de autodeterminação do sujeito idoso, ou da autonomia que o assiste quanto à sua tomada de decisão acerca da forma como e quando, em situação de doença incurável, profunda e irreversível, pretende dar fim à vida. Trata-se, portanto, de argumentar acerca da possibilidade ético-filosófica consequencialista de uma morte com dignidade assente nos princípios de autonomia, de liberdade e de dignidade humana que respeitam a vontade “última” ou “primeira” do sujeito. Nesta argumentação serão tidos oportunamente em consideração o consequencialismo e o deontologismo, bem como a ética principialista de Beauchamp e Childress, através da ponderação dos seus pressupostos de beneficência, não maleficência e justiça.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v22i23.1768
A. N. LEONTIEV E A CRÍTICA AO “APRENDER A APRENDER” PEDAGÓGICO NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR
Authors: Da Silva Ana Luiza Borges , Lavoura Tiago Nicola , Viana Marta Loula Dourado
Published: December 2014

Partindo de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental acerca da produção do conhecimento na área da Educação Física (EF), a pesquisa constata a presença hegemônica do construtivismo-interacionismo nos fundamentos epistemológicos e pedagógicos do ensino da EF nos diversos níveis de escolarização e, em especial, na educação infantil. Assim, realiza-se uma crítica a tais concepções de ensino confrontando-as com os fundamentos teóricos da psicologia histórico-cultural e da pedagogia histórico-crítica, sobretudo tomando-se como referência de análise as contribuições da teoria da atividade de A. N. Leontiev, delineando-se possibilidades de atividades de ensino com jogos e brincadeiras na área da Educação Física no trabalho pedagógico com crianças pequenas.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i2.2802
A MEDIAÇÃO DOCENTE EM UMA AULA DE MATEMÁTICA: UMA ABORDAGEM HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL
Authors: Battisti Isabel Koltermann , Nehring Cátia Maria
Published: December 2014

O presente texto discute a mediação docente no ensino que visa à apropriação pelos estudantes da significação de conceitos da geometria plana, a partir de uma investigação que questiona: de que forma a mediação docente se estabelece em uma aula de matemática que faz uso do software GeoGebra e intervém nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagens de conceitos relacionados ao triângulo equilátero? A empiria se constitui a partir do planejamento e dos encaminhamentos docentes e das elaborações discentes em uma aula de matemática desenvolvida em uma turma de 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública. As análises se estruturam mediante a abordagem histórico-cultural, da Teoria da Atividade e da Atividade Orientadora do Ensino. Identificamos que a mediação docente se estabelece de forma intencional e em diferentes ações docentes, estruturadas na unidade entre a significação dos conceitos pelos estudantes e a organização e desenvolvimento do ensino.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i2.2818
DIFERENTES USOS DE TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NAS LICENCIATURAS EM MATEMÁTICA DA UAB
Authors: Borba Marcelo De Carvalho , Chiari Aparecida Santana de Souza
Published: December 2014

Este artigo tem o objetivo de discutir resultados parciais de um trabalho cujo objetivo é analisar o uso de Tecnologias Digitais (TD) em Licenciaturas em Matemática a Distância vinculadas à UAB. Apresentamos aqui a análise parcial de nove das 37 instituições que ofereciam o curso em 2013. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo com análise indutiva. A análise aponta algumas diferenças entre os cursos. Utilizamos cores diferentes para identificar três tipos de uso de TD em cada instituição: intenso, inicial e intermediário. Entretanto, identificamos nuances que não permitem classificações distintas, pois algumas instituições apresentaram aspectos característicos de mais de um tipo de uso. Com este artigo pretendemos compartilhar compreensões que estamos construindo sobre a forma como as TD estão sendo utilizadas em cursos de Matemática bem como compreender a constituição da UAB em suas parcerias com instituições de todo o país e, portanto, com especificidades regionais particulares.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i2.2829
Vzpomínka na Josefa Vavrouška při příležitosti předání jeho ceny za rok 2013
Authors: Kára Jan
Published: December 2014

Reminiscences of Josef Vavroušek, delivered by Jan Kára on 5th June 2014 on the occasion of the 2013 Josef Vavroušek prize-giving ceremony.
IFLA 2014 – Aktivitäten der Sektion Bibliotheksbau und -einrichtung
Authors: Sommer Dorothea
Published: December 2014

In diesem Jahr fand der 80. Kongress der Internationalen Föderation der Bibliotheksverbände und ‑institutionen (IFLA) in Lyon in Frankreich statt. Die Sektion Bibliotheksbau und ‑einrichtung der IFLA organisierte bereits vorab in Zusammenarbeit mit der Sektion Bestandsentwicklung und Erwerbung eine Satellitenkonferenz in Paris. In Lyon wiederum gestaltete sie die Open Session in Zusammenarbeit mit der Sektion Alte Drucke und Handschriften. Zu beiden Ereignissen soll an dieser Stelle kurz Rückschau gehalten werden.
Textkritisches zu Sapph. Fr. 90a, col. III 22–23 V.
Authors: Benelli Luca
Published: December 2014

Textual notes and new reconstruction of Sappho Fr. 90a, col. III 22-23 V. (from a papyrus commentary: P. Oxy. XXI 2293). In l. 23 ἀν[εμ]ο̣φορητο[ cannot be a lemma from a poem of Sappho, as printed by Voigt, because it has an impossible metrical structure and seems to be a late and prose word, not a poetic one. It also belongs to the language of exegetic and scholiastic works. An analysis of its occurrences could help to reconstruct the original Sapphic passage.
A New Sapphic Intertext in Horace
Authors: Phillips Tom
Published: December 2014

This article argues for a connection between Sappho’s ‘Charaxus Poem’ and Horace C.1.9.9-12. Horace’s lines rework the third stanza of Sappho’s poem, with consequences both for how Horace presents himself in this poem, and for his wider relation to the Lesbian poets.
Little Horror Stories in an Oxyrhynchus Papyrus: A Re-Edition and Commentary of P.Oxy. II 218
Authors: Leyra Irene Pajón
Published: December 2014

P.Oxy. II 218 transmits a curious mixture of ethnographic and mythographic material, one of the few testimonies to the circulation of paradoxographic literature in Antiquity. In the central column it offers two ethnographic descriptions: a severe punishment for male infidelity and a strange ritual to be held on the death of a priest of Ares. Other sections preserve the remnants of a story of a flood sent by a god and a very unusual version of the myth of Zeus and Metis. This article presents a re-edition of and a new commentary on the papyrus.
The Development of the Greek Dynastic Cult under Ptolemy V
Authors: Lanciers Eddy
Published: December 2014

The dating formula of P.Stan. Class. Inv. 2 provides important information about the development of the Greek dynastic cult in the years 199-193 BC. (1) The Theoi Soteres were officially omitted from the dating formulae of the Greek papyri. (2) Eucharistos remained the official cult epithet in Alexandria till the year 193. (3) The apotheosis of Ptolemy V should probably be dated between 3 August and 11 October 199. (4) Cleopatra was not immediately incorporated in the dynastic cult after her marriage with Ptolemy in winter 194/3.
Ein Scheltbrief
Authors: Shahin Ayman Aly
Published: December 2014

Edition of an Arabic letter from the 2/8 century concerning dates.
Types of diagnostic errors in neurological emergencies in the emergency department
Authors: Dubosh Nicole M. , Edlow Jonathan A. , Lefton Micah , Pope Jennifer V.
Published: December 2014

Background: Neurological emergencies often pose diagnostic challenges for emergency physicians because these patients often present with atypical symptoms and standard imaging tests are imperfect. Misdiagnosis occurs due to a variety of errors. These can be classified as knowledge gaps, cognitive errors, and systems-based errors. The goal of this study was to describe these errors through review of quality assurance (QA) records.

Methods: This was a retrospective pilot study of patients with neurological emergency diagnoses that were missed or delayed at one urban, tertiary academic emergency department. Cases meeting inclusion criteria were identified through review of QA records. Three emergency physicians independently reviewed each case and determined the type of error that led to the misdiagnosis. Proportions, confidence intervals, and a reliability coefficient were calculated.

Results: During the study period, 1168 cases were reviewed. Forty-two cases were found to include a neurological misdiagnosis and twenty-nine were determined to be the result of an error. The distribution of error types was as follows: knowledge gap 45.2% (95% CI 29.2, 62.2), cognitive error 29.0% (95% CI 15.9, 46.8), and systems-based error 25.8% (95% CI 13.5, 43.5). Cerebellar strokes were the most common type of stroke misdiagnosed, accounting for 27.3% of missed strokes.

Conclusions: All three error types contributed to the misdiagnosis of neurological emergencies. Misdiagnosis of cerebellar lesions and erroneous radiology resident interpretations of neuroimaging were the most common mistakes. Understanding the types of errors may enable emergency physicians to develop possible solutions and avoid them in the future.
Carl Theodor Dreyer: Film und Literatur, Melodrama und Tragödie, Abstraktion und Realismus, Gut und Böse – Teil 2
Authors: Abraham Martin
Published: December 2014

The danish film director Carl Theodor Dreyer (1889–1968) always adapted literature and did not write his own scripts because he did not consider himself a poet. He started with novels and short prose, but soon learned that he worked best with plays. In the second part of his career he came closer and closer to the world of tragedy. The most important thing in his method became abstraction, which can be found in the visual style, too. The following article wants to show how he developped his method and his style and how the way he adapted literature was part of this development. This analysis is also a means to a better understanding of Dreyer's films which is especially important because he always went his own way without caring too much about the expectations of the ordinary audience.
„Mein Märchen über mich“
Authors: Propszt Eszter
Published: December 2014

Dem Kreativen Schreiben wird die Entwicklung kognitiver, sozialer und individueller Kompetenzen zugeschrieben wie Metakognition, Phantasie, Empathie, Selbstreflexion u. v. a. In meinem Beitrag versuche ich durch Präsentation und Analyse von in einem kreativen Schreibprozess gewonnenen Texten, von Märchen, die Germanistikstudenten der Universität Szeged (Ungarn) ausgestaltet haben, eine integrative Darstellung dieser Kompetenzen unter dem Aspekt der narrativen Kompetenz, welche ich als eine wesentliche identitätsfördernde Kompetenz betrachte. Auf der theoretischen Grundlage narrativer Identitätskonzepte untersuche ich, inwiefern die kreative Text- bzw. Märchenproduktion dem Schreibenden ermöglicht, ein immer kompetenterer Autor seiner Lebensgeschichte zu werden bzw. über die Ausformulierung seiner eigenen Geschichte sich selbst immer kompetenter zu ‚erschreiben‘.
Did the Agreement on Safeguards Nullify their Use?
Authors: Hartigan James C.
Published: December 2014

The Agreement on Safeguards (ASG) clarified the obligation to apply measures in accordance with the most favored nation (MFN) principle. Because foreign supply shocks can be non-uniform, MFN can induce nullification and impairment (N&I) complaints at the World Trade Organization from (third party) foreign suppliers not benefitting from the shock. These suppliers’ exports are reduced by both the beneficial shock to other exporters and the safeguard (SG) action by the home country. Although the ASG made use of SG more attractive by delaying requests for retaliation for three years in the absence of compensation for N&I, this may have been negated by the MFN requirement. Thus, it becomes a plausible explanation for the proliferation of antidumping actions. For recent U.S. anti-dumping cases against multiple exporting countries, dumping margins differing by over an order of magnitude were common. This suggests that alternative use of SG with an MFN requirement would elicit third party N&I.
Kennzahlen kooperativer Arbeitsbereiche / Metrics for cooperative shared workspaces
Authors: Jeners Nils , Prinz Wolfgang
Published: December 2014

Dieser Beitrag schlägt Kennzahlen und Metriken zur Analyse von gemeinsamen Arbeitsbereichen vor. Dazu werden die Benutzeraktivitäten in verschiedenen elektronischen Arbeitsbereichen des BSCW Systems untersucht und anhand der vorgeschlagenen Metriken Aktivität, Produktivität und Kooperativität verglichen. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, dass die ermittelten Metriken einerseits eine Zuordnung von Arbeitsbereichen zu einer Nutzungsintention, andererseits einen Benchmark untereinander ermöglichen. Eine weitere Erkenntnis ist, dass sich auch in der kooperativen Nutzung solcher Systeme das Paretoprinzip (80/20-Regel) für das Verhältnis zwischen aktiven und passiven Benutzern wiederfinden lässt. Zusätzlich zeigt die Untersuchung wie schnell Information innerhalb der Arbeitsbereiche gelesen und werden und wie hoch deren Anteil an der Gesamtmenge der ausgetauschten Information ist.
Reflektion der wissenschaftlichen Nutzenbetrachtung von Social Software / Reflecting the Scientific Discussion of Benefits Induced by Social Software
Authors: Meske Christian , Stieglitz Stefan
Published: December 2014

Zusammfassung

Nachdem sich die private Nutzung von Social Media in den letzten Jahren stark verbreitet hat, haben sich nunmehr auch Unternehmen verstärkt mit den Potenzialen sowohl der kundenorientierten (Facebook, Twitter etc.) als auch der intraorganisationalen (z. B. IBM Connections, Microsoft Sharepoint, Yammer o. ä.) Einsatzmöglichkeiten auseinandergesetzt. In diesem Artikel blicken wir auf die bisher stattgefundene Nutzenbetrachtung in der Wissenschaft bzgl. Social Software zurück und diskutieren den aktuellen Stand in diesem Forschungsgebiet. Der Artikel zeigt, dass die Mehrwertmessung des Einsatzes von Social Media problematisch, jedoch sowohl für die Wissenschaft als auch die Praxis von hoher Bedeutung ist.
Intranets für den Praxiseinsatz
Authors: Wendland Karsten , Gumm Dorina , Hillen Meike
Published: December 2014

Das Intranet-Projekt der Berufsgenossenschaftlichen Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main hat Modellcharakter für die Branche und ist von Klinikdirektoren und Klinik- CIOs zu einem der „5 IT-Schlüsselthemen des Jahres 2014“ gewählt worden. Zentrale Merkmale des Intranets sind sein streng Use Case-basierter Ansatz und der konsequente Einsatz von Open-Source-Technologien. Die Vorgehensweise ist partizipativ angelegt, greift Beiträge verschiedener Disziplinen auf und bearbeitet Widersprüche dort, wo sie auftreten. Derzeit wird die Vorgehensweise in drei fortführenden Modellprojekten unter den Strukturen von Klinik-Verbunden erprobt.
Rapid Discrimination of Apple Varieties via Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy and Fast Allied Fuzzy C-Means Clustering
Authors: Wu Xiaohong , Wu Bin , Sun Jun , Li Min
Published: December 2014

Discrimination of apple varieties plays an important role in apple post-harvest commercial processing. A fast allied fuzzy c-means (FAFCM) clustering algorithm was proposed to classify the apple varieties using near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy technology and orthogonal linear discriminant analysis (OLDA) which was used as feature extraction and dimensionality reduction method. Our classification method: the high-dimensional NIR data were reduced to three-dimensional data by OLDA at first, and the FAFCM clustering algorithm was implemented to classify the reduced data. Furthermore, the principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) combined with k-nearest neighbor classifier (KNNC), fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering and unsupervised possibilistic clustering algorithm (UPCA), formed the other four classification methods to classify apple samples in comparison with our proposed method. The experimental results showed that FAFCM achieved the best performance of classification.
Aiming at self-calibration of terrestrial laser scanners using only one single object and one single scan
Authors: Holst Christoph , Kuhlmann Heiner
Published: December 2014

When using terrestrial laser scanners for high quality analyses, calibrating the laser scanner is crucial due to unavoidable misconstruction of the instrument leading to systematic errors. Consequently, the development of calibration fields for laser scanner self-calibration is widespread in the literature. However, these calibration fields altogether suffer from the fact that the calibration parameters are estimated by analyzing the parameter differences of a limited number of substitute objects (targets or planes) scanned from different stations. This study investigates the potential of self-calibrating a laser scanner by scanning one single object with one single scan. This concept is new since it uses the deviation of each sampling point to the scanned object for calibration. Its applicability rests upon the integration of model knowledge that is used to parameterize the scanned object. Results show that this calibration approach is feasible leading to improved surface approximations. However, it makes great demands on the functional model of the calibration parameters, the stochastic model of the adjustment, the scanned object and the scanning geometry. Hence, to gain constant and physically interpretable calibration parameters, further improvement especially regarding functional and stochastic model is demanded.
A hidden Markov-model for gene mapping based on whole-genome next generation sequencing data
Authors: Claesen Jürgen , Burzykowski Tomasz
Published: December 2014

The analysis of polygenic, phenotypic characteristics such as quantitative traits or inheritable diseases requires reliable scoring of many genetic markers covering the entire genome. The advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies provides a new way to evaluate large numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms as genetic markers. Combining the technologies with pooling of segregants, as performed in bulk segregant analysis, should, in principle, allow the simultaneous mapping of multiple genetic loci present throughout the genome. We propose a hidden Markov-model to analyze the marker data obtained by the bulk segregant next generation sequencing. The model includes several states, each associated with a different probability of observing the same/different nucleotide in an offspring as compared to the parent. The transitions between the molecular markers imply transitions between the states of the model. After estimating the transition probabilities and state-related probabilities of nucleotide (dis)similarity, the most probable state for each SNP is selected. The most probable states can then be used to indicate which genomic regions may be likely to contain trait-related genes. The application of the model is illustrated on the data from a study of ethanol tolerance in yeast. Software is written in R. R-functions, R-scripts and documentation are available on
Leadership and Ethnicity in Public Companies in Malaysia
Authors: Yew Hock Dominic Lai
Published: December 2014

Corporate Governance gained prominence in Malaysia during the Asian financial crisis of 1997, which operated as a wake up call that the existing corporate governance structures in public listed companies were insufficient. In response, Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange issued the Listing Requirements on 22 January 2001 to regain investors’ confidence and attract foreign direct investments. The Listing Requirements included a Code of Best Practices in Corporate Governance that favours the leadership structure of separate Chairman/Chief Executive Officer posts. Malaysia is a multi-racial country comprising predominantly of the indigenous Malays, the Chinese and the Indians. The Chinese in Malaysia continue to play a significant role in the economy. These Chinese practise a distinctive Chinese business culture in the running of their businesses. The literature reveals that the adoption of the prescribed leadership structure of separating the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer positions is not likely to improve the financial performance of Chinese controlled companies. An empirical research is conducted, using 218 Chinese controlled public listed companies in Malaysia. The data covered three years from 2001 to 2003. Financial performances of the companies were measured using return on equity, earnings per share, dividend per share, liquid asset per share and gross margin. t-test and Mann Whitney test were used. The results show that there has been widespread adoption of the leadership structure recommended under the Code by the sample companies. The results also show that adoption of the prescribed leadership structure under the Code has no significant impact on the financial performance of the sample companies.
Lizard fauna (Squamata, Sauria) from Serra do Ouro Branco, southern Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Cruz António Jorge do Rosário , Drummond Leandro De Oliveira , Lucena Virginia Duarte , Magalhães Adriele Prisca de , Braga Caryne Aparecida de Carvalho , Rolin Jaqueline Malta , Pires Maria Rita Silvério
Published: December 2014

The present study evaluated the lizard fauna in Serra do Ouro Branco, Minas Gerais, Brazil, a transition area between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado. Data was collected using pitfall traps, active and occasional encounters, and through information from zoological collections and the literature. Field sampling was performed in two stages over a period of 36 months: from December 2006 to December 2008, and from January to December 2010. The study area is home to 15 species belonging to eight families: Anguidae, Gekkonidae, Gymnophthalmidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Mabuyidae, Teiidae, and Tropiduridae. Lizard species evaluated in this study represent a relevant asset for this zoological group inhabiting the transitional areas between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado. They include strictly forest species and endemic Atlantic Forest species such as Ecpleopus gaudichaudii, Enyalius perditus and Heterodactylus imbricatus in addition to typical Cerrado taxa common to both biomes.
Fish fauna from Río Pilcomayo National Park and Ramsar Site and its surroundings, Formosa, Argentina
Authors: Brancolini Florencia , Minotti Priscilla , Protogino Lucila , López Hugo , Baigún Claudio
Published: December 2014

The first list of fish species from the Río Pilcomayo National Park and Ramsar Site (RPNP), located in the Wet Chaco plains of northern Argentina is presented here. Samplings were carried out bimonthly from December 2006 to January 2008 in sites representative of the different landscapes, in both dry and wet seasons. A total of 77 species were collected, belonging to 23 families and eight orders and covering 54% of the province ichthyofauna. New records to the Province of Formosa are Brachyhypopomus gauderio Giora & Malabarba, 2009; Cyanocharax sp. and Hypophthalmus edentatus Spix & Agassiz, 1829.
Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942 (Orthoptera: Eumastacidae: Temnomastacinae): first record for Brazilian wetland
Authors: Silva Daniela Santos M. , Olivier Renan Da Silva , Souza Adriane Vieira , Oliveira Daiane , Lhano Marcos G. , Marques Marinêz I.
Published: December 2014

Two specimens of Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942 were collected at the Advanced Base of Studies at the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso in Poconé, Mato Grosso, Pantanal. These new records extend the known distribution of the species to include the Brazilian Pantanal.
Comment on: “Clinical Features, Management, and Prognosis of an International Series of 161 Patients With Limited-Stage Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Bone (the IELSG-14 Study)”
Authors: Hoppe Richard , Illidge Tim , Specht Lena , Vogelius Ivan , Yahalom Joachim
Published: December 2014

The conclusion of Ventre et al. is that patients with primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of bone should be treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy (the standard for all cases of DLBCL) with or without radiotherapy. The study suffers from several weaknesses that make the conclusion doubtful.
Development of stabilised brick and mortar using biomass waste
Authors: Oti Jonathan E. , Kinuthia John M.
Published: December 2014

This paper reports the potential of using cereal ash and bottom ash waste generated from biomass combustion plants for the manufacture of stabilised bricks and sustainable masonry mortar for brick joints and plaster. For the stabilised brick production, the cereal ash waste and bottom ash waste were used as full substitutes for primary clay, while magnesium oxide ash was used as a partial substitute for conventional stabilisers. The blending for the production of the masonry mortar was accomplished by the partial replacement of Portland cement, quicklime or hydraulic lime with large volumes (up to 70%) of cereal ash waste. The properties investigated under this study include material characterisation and compressive strength and durability using freeze–thaw tests. The results obtained suggest that there is potential for the manufacture of sustainable construction materials such as bricks and mortar from cereal ash, bottom ash and magnesium oxide ash waste streams.
Briefing: Testing times for concrete structures – is BS 1881-124 still fit for purpose?
Authors: Ingham Jeremy , Barnes Eur Ing Richard
Published: December 2014

In co-operation with 11 testing laboratories, the Concrete Society recently undertook a laboratory trial of BS 1881-124: Chemical analysis methods for hardened concrete. The trial was supervised by a Concrete Society working group as part of a 4-year-long revision of the first edition of Concrete Society Technical Report 32, Analysis of Hardened Concrete: A Guide to Test Procedures and Interpretation of Results. The trial findings have cast significant doubt on the accuracy of test methods that are routinely used during condition investigations of concrete infrastructure. This briefing by the working group's chairman and secretary presents summarised findings of the trial and discusses the implications for those concerned with designing, investigating and maintaining concrete structures.
Numerical study of dynamic behaviour of RC beams under cyclic loading with different loading rates
Authors: Xiao Shiyun
Published: December 2014

The dynamic behaviours of reinforced concrete (RC) beams are inevitably affected by loading rates. The effects of loading rate on the dynamic behaviour of RC bending beams under cyclic loading were studied numerically. An analysis of a two-dimensional finite-element model of RC beams, with the rate-independent and rate-dependent Drucker–Prager (DP) concrete models and two rate-dependent steel reinforcement models, was carried out. Cyclic loading was displacement-controlled with imposed loading rates of 0·1, 0·5, 1·0, 5·0 and 10·0 mm/s. Based on the numerical results, the influence of loading rate on the failure mode and the load–displacement curve of RC beams was investigated. Points of study included the effects of loading rate on strength and deformation behaviours including cracking, ultimate, yield, failure strengths and displacements, ductility and dissipated energy capabilities of RC beams. The numerical results of dynamic mechanical and deformation behaviours were compared with the experimental results.
Nueva forma anatómica de cara oclusal en primeros molares superiores permanentes
Authors: Bessone Gabriela , Guiglioni María A. , González María M.
Published: December 2014

Introducción: un surco no tipificado, en los primeros molares superiores permanentes (PMSP), permitió distinguir dos tipos  de cara oclusal: la descrita por Figún y Garino, Tipo I para el grupo de investigación, y Tipo II, caracterizada por la presencia de un  surco sobre la apófisis oblicua, que la discurre sin interrumpirla. Este elemento dio lugar a la realización de estudios con el fin de deter- minar su presencia e investigar origen, dirección y longitud para caracterizarlo y registrarlo como una nueva forma anatómica de cara  oclusal. Métodos: se trabajó con PMSP naturales inertes y de pacientes para evidenciar la presencia del surco y con PMSP que presenten  el surco para caracterizarlo. El método fue observacional y descriptivo. Resultados: existe un predominio de casos en los que la cara  oclusal del PMSP presenta un surco que, sin cortar a la apófisis oblicua, la recorre parcialmente. Se origina en la fosa principal central  triangular. La dirección es hacia distal y palatino y su longitud varía entre 1 y 2 mm. Esto ha permitido registrar esta cara oclusal, como  PMSP Tipo II. Conclusión: el PMSP presenta dos tipos de cara oclusal: Tipo I y Tipo II.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/od.v10i18.717
Effect of stocking densities on growth, production and survival rate of red tilapia in hapa at fish hatchery Chilya Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Daudpota Abdul Malik , Kalhoro Illahi Bux , Shah Sajjad Ali , Kalhoro Hameeda , Abbas Ghulam
Published: December 2014

Effect of stocking density on growth, production and survival of red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus) were conducted in hapa for 60 days at Chilya Thatta. Tilapia fry (4.5±0.02 cm, 2.0±0.01 g) were stocked into hapa (4.5x2.4x1 m). Three treatments with two replicates were used: T1-200; T2-250 and T3-300 fry/hapa. Fry were fed twice a daily with pelleted feed containing 35% protein, 5% of total biomass. After 60 days, the highest growth were determined in T1 (49.8±0.0 g) while in T3 lowest growth (29.09±0.0 g) was recorded. Production (9.56, 10.13 and 8.12 kg/m3/60days) in T1, T2 and T3 respectively were significantly different (P<0.05) to each other. Feed conversion ratio of 0.48, 0.48 and 0.49 in T1, T2 and T3, respectively not significantly different (P>0.05). Survival was significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Highest survival (100%) was attained in T1 with lower stocking density, followed by T2 (98%) and T3 (95%). Water quality parameters recorded throughout the study period were found within the ranges for fish culture such as temperature 27.2 to 28.5 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.8 to 6.4 mg/l, pH 6.9 to 7.6, ammonia from 0.45 to 0.51 mg/l, hardness 106 to 110 ppm and nitrite 0.151 to 0.162 mg/l.
Improved state‐space models for inference about spatial and temporal variation in abundance from count data
Authors: Hostetler Jeffrey A. , Chandler Richard B.
Published: December 2014

Models of population dynamics are frequently used for purposes such as testing hypotheses about density dependence and predicting species' responses to future environmental change or conservation actions. Fitting models of population dynamics to field data is challenging because most data sets are characterized by observation error, which can inflate estimates of process variation if ignored. Recently, state‐space models have been developed to deal with this problem by directly modeling both the observation error and the ecological process of interest. Conventional state‐space models, however, have several important limitations: (1) they assume that random effects are Gaussian distributed, which implies that abundance can be negative and that false positive observation errors are equally likely as false negative errors; (2) they do not admit spatial variation in population dynamics; and (3) some of the parameters of the model are not estimable. We demonstrate how each of these problems can be resolved using a class of hierarchical models proposed byDail and Madsen (2011)that attributes observation error to imperfect detection. We expand this class of models to accommodate classical growth models (e.g., exponential and Ricker‐logistic), zero‐inflation, and random effects. We also present methods for forecasting population size under future environmental conditions. Implementation of these ideas is possible using either frequentist or Bayesian methods, as demonstrated by accompanying R and JAGS code. Results of a simulation study suggest that bias is negligible and coverage nominal in most cases for the proposed model extensions. An analysis of data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey highlights how these methods can be readily applied to existing data, but it also suggests that precision will be low when direct information about detection probability (such as is collected using distance sampling or replicated counts) is lacking.
Effects of vitamin E-modified dialysis membrane on lipids in patients on hemodialysis
Authors: Zhao Yi-Wen , Shi Zhen-Wei
Published: December 2014

We evaluated the effects of a vitamin E-modified dialysis membrane on lipids
in patients on hemodialysis (HD). Forty patients on maintenance HD were
divided into two groups. Patients in group A (n=20) were subjected to HD with
a vitamin E-modified membrane; patients in group B (n=20) were subjected to
HD only with conventional dialyzers for a period of 4 weeks. Blood samples
were collected prior to the first and thirteenth dialysis sessions to
determine the concentrations of malonylaldehyde (MDA), vitamin E, red blood
cells (RBC), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TCH), low density
lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), lipoprotein A [Lp(a)], 2
apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA)1) in plasma. In group A
we observed a significant increase in vitamin E in both plasma (P=0.003) and
RBC (P=0.032), and a decline in MDA in both plasma (P=0.043) and RBC
(P=0.033). There were no marked changes in TC, TG, LDL and HDL, but a decline
in Lp (a) (P=0.049) and ApoB (P=0.040) and a significant increase in
ApoA1(P=0.027). In group B, no significant changes of any of the relevant
parameters were detected upon conclusion of the study. Vitamin E-modified
membranes supply anti-oxidant effects on patients on HD and likely improve
lipoprotein metabolism. These effects reduce cardiovascular risk in HD
patients.
Alveolar bone changes after asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion
Authors: Akin Mehmet , Baka Zeliha Muge , Ileri Zehra , Basciftci Faruk Ayhan
Published: December 2014

Objective: 

To quantitatively evaluate the effects of asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion (ARME) on cortical bone thickness and buccal alveolar bone height (BABH), and to determine the formation of dehiscence and fenestration in the alveolar bone surrounding the posterior teeth, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods: 

The CBCT records of 23 patients with true unilateral posterior skeletal crossbite (10 boys, 14.06 ± 1.08 years old, and 13 girls, 13.64 ± 1.32 years old) who had undergone ARME were selected from our clinic archives. The bonded acrylic ARME appliance, including an occlusal stopper, was used on all patients. CBCT records had been taken before ARME (T1) and after the 3-month retention period (T2). Axial slices of the CBCT images at 3 vertical levels were used to evaluate the buccal and palatal aspects of the canines, first and second premolars, and first molars. Paired samples and independent sample t-tests were used for statistical comparison.

Results: 

The results suggest that buccal cortical bone thickness of the affected side was significantly more affected by the expansion than was the unaffected side (P < .05). ARME significantly reduced the BABH of the canines (P < .01) and the first and second premolars (P < .05) on the affected side. ARME also increased the incidence of dehiscence and fenestration on the affected side.

Conclusions: 

ARME may quantitatively decrease buccal cortical bone thickness and height on the affected side.
Calorie Restriction Prevents Metabolic Aging Caused by Abnormal SIRT1 Function in Adipose Tissues
Authors: Xu Cheng , Cai Yu , Fan Pengcheng , Bai Bo , Chen Jie , Deng Han-Bing , Che Chi-Ming , Xu Aimin , Vanhoutte Paul M. , Wang Yu
Published: December 2014

Adipose tissue is a pivotal organ determining longevity, due largely to its role in maintaining whole-body energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. SIRT1 is a NAD-dependent protein deacetylase possessing antiaging activities in a wide range of organisms. The current study demonstrates that mice with adipose tissue–selective overexpression of hSIRT1(H363Y), a dominant-negative mutant that disrupts endogenous SIRT1 activity, show accelerated development of metabolic aging. These mice, referred to as Adipo-H363Y, exhibit hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, ectopic lipid deposition, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance at a much younger age than their wild-type littermates. The metabolic defects of Adipo-H363Y are associated with abnormal epigenetic modifications and chromatin remodeling in their adipose tissues, as a result of excess accumulation of biotin, which inhibits endogenous SIRT1 activity, leading to increased inflammation, cellularity, and collagen deposition. The enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 plays an important role in biotin accumulation within adipose tissues of Adipo-H363Y. Calorie restriction prevents biotin accumulation, abolishes abnormal histone biotinylation, and completely restores the metabolic and adipose functions of Adipo-H363Y. The effects are mimicked by short-term restriction of biotin intake, an approach potentially translatable to humans for maintaining the epigenetic and chromatin remodeling capacity of adipose tissues and preventing aging-associated metabolic disorders.
Sixty-Five Common Genetic Variants and Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Talmud Philippa J. , Cooper Jackie A. , Morris Richard W. , Dudbridge Frank , Shah Tina , Engmann Jorgen , Dale Caroline , White Jon , McLachlan Stela , Zabaneh Delilah , Wong Andrew , Ong Ken K. , Gaunt Tom , Holmes Michael V. , Lawlor Debbie A. , Richards Marcus , Hardy Rebecca , Kuh Diana , Wareham Nicholas , Langenberg Claudia , Ben-Shlomo Yoav , Wannamethee S. Goya , Strachan Mark W.J. , Kumari Meena , Whittaker John C. , Drenos Fotios , Kivimaki Mika , Hingorani Aroon D. , Price Jacqueline F. , Humphries Steve E.
Published: December 2014

We developed a 65 type 2 diabetes (T2D) variant–weighted gene score to examine the impact on T2D risk assessment in a U.K.-based consortium of prospective studies, with subjects initially free from T2D (N = 13,294; 37.3% women; mean age 58.5 [38–99] years). We compared the performance of the gene score with the phenotypically derived Framingham Offspring Study T2D risk model and then the two in combination. Over the median 10 years of follow-up, 804 participants developed T2D. The odds ratio for T2D (top vs. bottom quintiles of gene score) was 2.70 (95% CI 2.12–3.43). With a 10% false-positive rate, the genetic score alone detected 19.9% incident cases, the Framingham risk model 30.7%, and together 37.3%. The respective area under the receiver operator characteristic curves were 0.60 (95% CI 0.58–0.62), 0.75 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.77), and 0.76 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.78). The combined risk score net reclassification improvement (NRI) was 8.1% (5.0 to 11.2; P = 3.31 × 10−7). While BMI stratification into tertiles influenced the NRI (BMI ≤24.5 kg/m2, 27.6% [95% CI 17.7–37.5], P = 4.82 × 10−8; 24.5–27.5 kg/m2, 11.6% [95% CI 5.8–17.4], P = 9.88 × 10−5; >27.5 kg/m2, 2.6% [95% CI −1.4 to 6.6], P = 0.20), age categories did not. The addition of the gene score to a phenotypic risk model leads to a potentially clinically important improvement in discrimination of incident T2D.
“…I would like to have a residence like those of English lords…” On the English models for the palace in Jabłoń
Authors: Cebulak Andrzej
Published: December 2014

Out of all Polish residences that represent the historical trend, the palace in Jablón built in 1904-1909 at the behest of Count Tomasz Zamoyski borrowed most fully from English architecture. Conscious of his expectations, the investor founded a magnificent country house, the builders of which drew liberally on the wealth of English historical styles.
Associations Generation in Synthetic Population for Transportation Applications
Authors: Anderson Paul , Farooq Bilal , Efthymiou Dimitrios , Bierlaire Michel
Published: December 2014

The generation of synthetic populations through simulation methods is an important research topic and has a key application in agent-based modeling of transport and land use. The next step in this research area is the generation of complete synthetic households; this research area requires some way to associate synthetic persons with household positions. This work formulated the person to the position matching problem as a bipartite graph matching and tested two models for determining match utility with data from the 2000 Swiss census. The functions tested were both multinomial logit models, one based on the household size attribute and the other on household type. Synthetic persons were matched into the head position of real households, and then the remaining population was used to run a second match with a separately calibrated version of the size choice model for the spouse position. This method is a long list-based approach that keeps the original marginal consistent. Results show that the size choice model returns the best results for head and spouse positions, although both models provide a good match quality as measured by the distributions of individual attributes in real and matched populations as well as the distributions of unique attribute combinations. Possible extensions include matching to other household positions and evaluating the performance of these synthetic households in modeling applications.
Choice Set Imputation
Authors: Langerudi Mehran Fasihozaman , Javanmardi Mahmoud , Mohammadian Abolfazl (Kouros) , Sriraj P. S.
Published: December 2014

The problem of choice set formation for decision makers is an important subject in discrete choice modeling, especially when the choice set contains a large number of elemental alternatives. In general, the choice set of an individual could be a randomly sampled choice set; however, this is claimed to be a behaviorally unacceptable practice because of the fallacious assumption of individuals’ full knowledge of potential random choices. This issue brings up the need to devise methods to logically allocate credible choice alternatives for individuals. Although the use of these methods could be dependent on specific applications, this study attempted to identify the distinction between model estimation and prediction steps in the context of residential location choice modeling. From a theoretical point of view, the paper proposes a modified weighted stratified sampling approach that is an improved version of random sampling for model estimation. The approach is believed to be a better replicate of the universal choice set than other sampling methods, and it is capable of resulting in consistent estimates even with small sample sizes. The estimated model was applied in a simulation framework with a hazard-based imputed choice set approach for prediction.