Characteristics of the Condition of Newborns from Women with Preeclampsia, Physiological Weight and Obesity
Authors:   Poltava State Medical University, Obstetrics and Gynecology №1 Department. 23, Shevchenko St., Poltava 36011, Ukraine, Zelinka-Khobzey M. M. , Tarasenko K. V. , Nesterenko L. A. 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to characterize the condition of newborns on the Apgar scale and to compare the body weight of newborns from obese women, who used a treatment and prevention complex aimed at preventing preeclampsia, and to compare with the condition of newborns from obese women, who received conventional prevention of preeclampsia and with physiological body weight. Materials and methods. We conducted a clinical and statistical analysis of 255 medical records of newborns, which were divided into 6 groups according to the growth and weight of their mothers, taking into account the presence of preeclampsia and the use of treatment and prevention complex: Group I (control) consisted of newborns (n=33) from women with physiological body weight (body mass index = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2); Group II – newborns from women with physiological body weight and preeclampsia (n=13); Group III – newborns from obese women of I-III degrees (n=90); Group IV – newborns from obese women of I-III degrees, who used treatment and prevention complex (n=65); Group V – newborns from obese women of I-III degrees, and preeclampsia (n=41); Group VI – newborns from obese women of I-III degrees, and preeclampsia who manifested against the background of the use of treatment and prevention complex (n=13). Pregnancy of obese women was carried out according to the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 151 dated 24.01.2022, which provides for the appointment of pregnant women at risk (including obesity): acetylsalicylic acid 100 mg/day from 12 weeks to 36 weeks of pregnancy and calcium supplements 1.5 g/day from the 16th week of pregnancy. In addition to the prescribed drugs, obese pregnant women who agreed to take our proposed set of preventive measures aimed at the prevention of preeclampsia, used a combination of drugs L-arginine and semi-synthetic diosmin according to the scheme: from 12 to 16, from 22 to 26, and from 32 to 36 weeks of pregnancy. The dose of diosmin, the release form of which is tableted, was 600 mg per day, the method of oral administration. L-arginine, used as a syrup for oral administration, 5.0 ml 3 times a day. The quantitative indicators obtained in the course of the survey were processed by the methods of mathematical statistics with the help of calculations of the ratio of the chances of the disease in the examined newborns. Results and discussion. The analysis of the state of newborns in the groups we studied shows that the number of premature babies and children who suffered in utero was significantly higher among children born to mothers whose pregnancies were complicated by preeclampsia and mothers who are obese, and as a result further increase in the incidence among these children. We found that the highest percentage of newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams is concentrated in groups with preeclampsia and concomitant obesity, which is due to premature birth and cases of intrauterine fetal growth retardation. Сases of fetal asphyxia were also more common in neonates from women with preeclampsia and concomitant obesity. Cases of fetal macrosomia were significantly more common in infants born to obese women. Conclusion. The use of our proposed treatment and prevention complex for pregnant women with concomitant obesity, having a positive effect on the functioning of the fetoplacental complex, helps to improve the condition of newborns on the Apgar scale and body weight of newborns compared to newborns from obese women who received conventional prophylaxis of preeclampsia