bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cost-effective and Smart AAA-Class RGB-LED-based Sun Simulator for Real-Time Characterization of Solar Cells
Authors: Nayeri Saeed , Rostami Ali , Moghadam Javad Javadi
Published: September 2022

To characterize the solar cell parameters, the light emitting diode (LED)-based sun simulators have been developed using different types of LEDs and geometrical configurations in the various wavelength range. However, the optimal spectral match, spatial homogeneity, and temporal stability have not been attained in these systems. Moreover, their design is very complex, heavy, expensive, energy and time-consuming, and needs a professional operator. Here, we have introduced a cost-effective and smart RGB LED-based sun simulator that is controlled by an ARM microprocessor, which is adjustable using user-friendly windows software. The LED panel cover 22 peak wavelength in the range of 245–940 nm at 0.2 sun intensity compared with AM1.5G global solar spectrum sunlight containing 4 UV LED (245 nm), 56 RGB LED with a 10 mm center-to-center distance from each other (14 different peaks with 22nm intervals in the range of 380-680nm), five IR LEDs with different wavelengths, including 730, 740, 810, 850, and 940 nm in the area of 10×15 cm2. According to the IEC60904-9 and ASTM standards, we achieved the AAA-class performance in all three categories including spectral match, spatial homogeneity, and temporal instability for test planes 4×4 cm2and 8 ×8 cm2at a distance of 4 cm from the LED panel. We successfully measured theI-Vparameter of the standard solar cell 3×3 cm in the real-time condition. This system is ultra-low cost, simple, user-friendly, and can be built and used in any research lab characterizing and monitoring solar cell parameters in real-time conditions.
Optimization of femtosecond laser drilling process for DD6 single crystal alloy
Authors: Du Tianhan , Liang Xiaoqing , Yu Yanqing , Zhou Liucheng , Cai Zhenbin , Wang Lingfeng , Jia Wentong , Pan Xinlei
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we explore the optimal combination of femtosecond laser drilling parameters for micro-hole processing on DD6 single-crystal high-temperature alloy and analyze the significance of parameter variations on the microstructure characteristics of the holes. The L25(56) orthogonal test was performed by controlling six parameters during femtosecond laser ring processing: Average power, Overlap rate, Defocus rate, Feed amount, Gas pressure, and End position. It is found that the entrance of the micro-holes has good roundness, while a large variation in diameter is observed. The exit of the holes exhibits poor roundness, and the diameter variation is intensified compared with the entrance, there are some with jagged edges. After the extreme difference analysis, it is concluded that the defocus has the most significant effect on the hole drilling by femtosecond laser ring processing for DD6 single crystal high-temperature alloy. The increase of laser average power leads to the decrease of hole taper, and the feed of 0.02 mm is beneficial for processing small taper through-hole. In addition, the outlet diameter of the holes increases with the increasing of gas pressure after the pressure is greater than 0.25 MPa, and the effect of the end is smaller and other regular conclusions. Through the integrated equilibrium method, the optimized combination of the femtosecond laser drilling parameters for 400 µm through-hole with minimum taper is as follows: power 7.84 W, overlap 99%, defocus + 0.4 mm, pressure 0.25 MPa, feed 0.02 mm and end + 0.2 mm.
Unbalanced Data Processing and Machine Learning in Credit Card Fraud Detection
Authors: Peng Haili , Wang Jing
Published: September 2022

Imbalanced data often performs poorly in the model and can prevent the model from capturing a few classes of samples, so it is crucial to process imbalanced data. This paper is a credit card fraud detection based on imbalanced data, comparing different processing methods for imbalanced data and using machine learning to detect credit card fraud, and finally arriving at optimal results. Since credit card fraud data is mostly a dichotomous problem and highly imbalanced, it means that the machine learning model favors the majority of the samples and treats the fraudulent transactions in the credit card fraud data as correct transactions. The treatment of imbalanced data is crucial because of the low percentage of fraudulent data. We used different methods for imbalanced data such as oversampling, undersampling, combined sampling and using class weights to improve the class imbalance and applied these methods to credit card fraud detection and calculated Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 score and AUC. Because of the severe imbalance in the data, the model is biased towards majority of the samples, so the accuracy of the model will be high. Because we focus more on the probability that a minority class of the sample is correctly classified, to check the performance of the model, we will use the F1 score, the Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC). and recall as measures instead of accuracy. The results demonstrate that the model achieves the best performance by resampling the credit card fraud data, and finding the optimal weights for different category samples by grid search when setting the category weights leads to a significant improvement in the performance of the logistic regression model, and the random forest outperforms all the machine learning models that are compared.
Trends in the Utilization of Medicines Sold in the Private Sector Post- Registration in South Africa and the Implications for Similar Countries
Authors: Mpanza Ntobeko Magnate , Godman Brian , Keele Godfrey , Matlala Moliehi
Published: September 2022

Background
Regulatory authorities register medicines for patients to access these within a reasonable amount of time. There is a paucity of data available on the extent to which registered medicines reach the public after market authorisation by the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA). The present study analysed the time taken for registered medicines to reach patients and further explored the relationship between medicines registered at SAHPRA and those dispensed in private pharmacies. Medicines registered by SAHPRA and those dispensed at retail pharmacies were compared and analysed.
Methods
A retrospective, descriptive and quantitative investigation was conducted over a period between 2014–2019. Registered and dispensed medicines were compared to establish accessibility post registration. Data sources included SAHPRA and IQVIA datasets. Microsoft excel and SAS (SAS Institute Inc, Carey, NC, USA), Release 9.4.was used for computation of descriptive statistical analysis.
Results
Of (N = 2175) registered medicines, only 358 (16.5%; 95% CI 15.0% − 18.1%) reached patients and out of 1735 medicines registered during 2015–2019 and only 57 (3.3%; 95% CI 2.5% − 4.2%) were dispensed during the study period. Medicines acting on the central nervous system were registered and dispensed the most at 21.0% and 18.0% respectively whereas antineoplastic and immunomodulation agents were registered the most and dispensed the least at 11% and 5% respectively. A concern was that only 13.0% of registered medicines were originators, with most either as generics, including branded generics, or pseudo-generics.
Conclusion
Regulatory measures should be implemented towards ensuring increased medicine access post-registration for new originators especially for priority disease areas to benefit patients. Mental health diseases and improved access to oncology medicines require special attention in South Africa.
m6A Demethylase FTO regulates nasopharyngeal carcinoma invasion, migration
Authors: Liao Zhencheng , Ye Fan , Tao Ying , Wang Jun , Huang Guan , Yang Siyi , Lu Zhaoqun , Zhu Honglei , Wu Pingan
Published: September 2022

BackgroundIn recent years, the research interest in m6A has remained high, and the reason is that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common reversible methylation modification of eukaryotic mRNA and plays a significant role in tumorigenesis. However, abnormalities of the RNA m6A regulators (writers, erasers, and readers) have rarely been reported in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The expression of m6A regulators in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is highly diverse, and this diversity has important implications for the prognosis and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. MethodsWe firstly performed differential analysis of FTO expression in NPC and adjacent tissues, survival analysis of NPC patients associated with FTO expression, and immune signature of FTO immunity to NPC, in addition we did molecular biological function experiments and mouse tumorigenesis models were established to explore the role of FTO in the occurrence and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Finally, we performed FTO gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to explore potential downstream pathways of FTO.ResultsIn the present study, we showed that FTO, one of the writers, was downregulated in NPC. Functional studies showed that FTO was underexpressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and promoted the invasion and migration of NPC cells. However, overexpression of FTO reversed this effect and inhibited the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Furthermore, to investigate the effect of FTO on immune infiltration of NPC. We performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) with immune cells and functional gene sets, we found that FTO also had a positive effect on the infiltration and activation of immune cells in the NPC microenvironment. We conducted Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to explore the potential downstream pathways of FTO. Our data demonstrate the significant correlation of FTO expression with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) genome closely related to cancer development, and the protective role of FTO during NPC progression. ConclusionsOur data demonstrate the significant correlation of FTO expression with the KEGG genome closely related to cancer development, and the protective role of FTO during NPC progression, and suggest that FTO may be a promising target for future NPC therapy.
Linear free-energy relationships (LFER) and solvation thermodynamics: The case of water and aqueous systems
Authors: Panayiotou Costas , Khalifeh Hadil Abu , Zuburtikudis Ioannis
Published: September 2022

The Abraham solvation parameter model, known alternatively as the Linear Solvation Energy Relationships (LSER) model, is critically examined for its capacity to predict the hydration free energy for a variety of solutes. The very linearity of the LSER approach is reconsidered as regards the hydrogen-bonding contribution to solvation free energy. This is done by combining the equation-of-state solvation thermodynamics with the statistical thermodynamics of hydrogen bonding. Thus, this hydrogen-bonding contribution is placed on a firm thermodynamic basis and the predictive calculations are now possible with known acidity and basicity, A and B, molecular descriptors. Additional LFER coefficients are no longer needed for the calculations. The methodology for the derivation of the new linear equations for the hydrogen-bonding contribution to solvation free energy is presented along with examples of calculations. The implication for the exchange of information on intermolecular interactions between diverse Quantitative Structure–Property Relationships (QSPR) and other approaches is discussed. The proposed changes and descriptor adjustments augments the LSER capacity for solvent screening and use in numerous applications in the broader chemical, biochemical and environmental sector. A critical discussion of perspectives and the challenging issues is also presented.
Mapping of Flood Risk Zones Using Multi-Criteria Approach and Radar - A Case Study of Ala and Akure-Ofosu Communities, Ondo State Nigeria.
Authors: Fagunloye Olamiposi Caleb
Published: September 2022

Floods are among the world's most catastrophic natural disasters, claiming countless lives and destroying homes, businesses, public buildings, farms, and crops. Studies reveal that it's not the flood itself that's dangerous, but how vulnerable people are to its effects. This research examines flood-prone areas in Ala and Akure-Ofosu. Identify factors that produce flooding in the research region; categorize each criterion according to their influence on causing floods; construct a flood risk map; estimate flood damage using Sentinel-1A SAR data; compare AHP results. The research used a literature review and geo-data collecting with a GIS-computer database to georeference fieldwork data. Built-up, Cropland, Rock, Waterbody, and Forest were categorized using 2020 Sentinel 2A images. Thematic maps were employed for Land use and Land cover, slope, rainfall, soil, Euclidean River Distance, and Flow accumulation. Multi-criteria analysis was done by assessing flood risk and GIS elements. A flood risk map was created by weighting the overlay. Five flood zones were created (Very High, High, Moderate, Low, and Very Low). 5% of the study area, or 35km2, is at high risk, 21% is low, and 74% is mild. Copernicus SAR data pre- and post-flood were processed on Google Earth Engine to map flood extent and determine if the MCA map accurately represents flood-prone locations in the research area. The research suggests periodic review, real-time flood susceptibility monitoring, early warning, and swift damage assessment to prevent flood hazards and other environmental threats.
Sleep quality among undergraduate medical students in Rwanda: A comparative study
Authors: NSENGIMANA Amon , Mugabo Eric , Niyonsenga Japhet , Hategekimana Jean Claude , Biracyaza Emmanuel , Mutarambirwa Renauvat , Ngabo Emile , Nduwayezu Richard
Published: September 2022

Background
Good sleep quality is critical to health and wellbeing. However, due to a hectic modern world, sleep is ignored thus poor sleep quality remains one of the endemics affecting medical students than the general population. Regrettably, little has been studied about this alarming issue in Rwanda. Therefore, this study determined the sleep quality of undergraduate medical students in Rwanda and explored existing differences in sleep quality across all classes.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 290 undergraduate medical students who were randomly recruited countrywide from 1st November 2021 to 1st March 2022.The questionnaire was self-administered with 2 sections: socio-demographic characteristics and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Chisquare test was used to compare components of sleep quality while ANOVA was used to test the difference across all classes.
Results
Of the 290 respondents,167 (58%) and 123(42%) were male and female respectively. Subjective sleep quality of 102(85%) in fourth year was reported fairly good to very good. Falling asleep took the majority in this class 30 minutes or less, 106(88.4%). Sleeping duration was 5–6 hours per night in most las year students, 44(75.9%). The use of medication to fall asleep was mostly observed among first year students ,3(11%). The habitual sleep efficiency was below 65% in the majority from last year 53(91.4%). There was mild to moderate sleep disturbances reported in most fourth-year students ,106(88.3%) while 38(86.7%) third year students reported daytime dysfunctions. The overall PSQI was > 5 among 231(80%) indicating poor sleep quality and it was particularly poorer among final year students, 50(86.2%) had PSQI > 5.The subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, and daytime dysfunction were significant across classes ((F = 3.347, p-value = 0.001), (F = 2.196, p-value = 0.007), (F = 10.2, p-value = < 0.001), (F = 3.604, p-value = 0.007)) respectively.
Conclusions
The prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students in Rwanda is high. The issue is even worse among final year medical students who presented poorest sleep quality. Two sleep components including habitual sleep efficiency and sleep duration were the poorest. Intervention methods like sleep education, behavioral changes, and relaxation techniques are recommended to address contributing factors and eventually maximize their academic purposes.
A Framework for Intrusion Detection Models for IoT Networks using Deep Learning
Authors: Bajpai Soumya , Sharma Kapil
Published: September 2022

Intruders can conduct increasingly devastating cyber-attacks because of the exponential rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices, which provides a wide attack surface for them. With malicious behavior, the intruder sought to deplete the target IoT network’s resources. We are using a machine learning algorithm in a well-designed dataset for IoT networks. Firstly we discussed some other intrusion detection datasets. Secondly, we are using the IoTID20 dataset and discussed its advantages from [1]. Thirdly we extract some important features from the dataset. Finally, we apply machine learning algorithms like linear Algorithm, Random forest, gradient boost Algorithm, etc.. to the dataset by which anomaly detection will be identified with high accuracy by using these learning techniques
Electrocardiographic T wave abnormality and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients in Amhara National Regional State Referral Hospitals, Ethiopia: Multicenter institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sinamaw Deresse , Belay Daniel Gashaneh , Chilot Dagmawi , Gela Yibeltal Yismaw , Diress Mengistie , Seid Abdulwase Mohammed , Simegn Wudneh , Kibret Anteneh Ayelign , Eshetu Habitu Birhan , Bitew Desalegn Anmut , Agmas Amare , Seid Mohammed Abdu
Published: September 2022

Background: The T wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents typically ventricular repolarization. However, various waveform morphologies may indicate benign or clinically significant injury or insult to the myocardium. There is no study about the electrocardiographic T wave abnormalities among type 2 DM patients in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study determined the overall prevalence and the associated factors of T wave abnormalities among people living with T2DM in Amhara National Regional State referral hospitals, Ethiopia.Methods: A multicenter institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 01 January to 30 March 2022. Simple random sampling and systematic sampling techniques were employed to select the referral hospitals and study participants, respectively. A digital electrocardiograph was used to measure the T wave patterns, and an interviewer-administered questionnaire to collect sociodemographic and some clinical factors. Epi-data version-4.6 and Stata-14 were used for data entry and statistical analysis, respectively. The descriptive statistics were presented with tables and graphs. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify associated factors of T wave abnormality. In the final model, statistical significance was decided at p<0.05, and the strength of association was indicated using an adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI. Results: Two-hundred and fifty-eight participants (response rate=99.6%) were included for the analysis. The prevalence of overall T wave abnormality was 21.7% (95% CI: 19, 29.2%). Higher monthly income (>90$) (AOR=0.16 [0.06, 0.46]), hypertension 5.55 (AOR=5.55 [2.12, 14.49]), fasting blood sugar of >130mg/dl 6.38 (AOR=6.38 [1.94, 20.94]), were statistically significant factors of T wave abnormality. Conclusions: Higher income, hypertension, and higher fasting blood sugar were significantly associated with ECG abnormality. The findings of this study suggest the need to institute routine ECG screening for all T2DM patients to reduce silent myocardial ischemia and further complications.
Anais 26ª Semana Odontológica da Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP) - 26ª SOURP 2022
Authors: Martins Júnior Walter , Raucci Neto Walter , Espanhol Lívia , Castro Ana Paula , Pimenta Anna Luísa Araújo , Pereira Ana Luiza , Silva Anna Karolyne , Eloi Bianca Prieto , Almeida Carolina , Zanette Catarina , Ruas Enzo , Rissato Giovana , Paes Heloisa , Alves Maria Eduarda , Passos Mikelli , Oliveira Nathan
Published: September 2022

Caros(as) leitores(as),
No período de 23 a 27 de maio acontece a 26ª Semana Odontológica da Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (SOURP), no Teatro Bassano Vaccarini e em outras instalações do campus Ribeirão da Universidade. O evento contará com palestras, cursos, hands-on e apresentações de trabalhos, além de Ações Sociais que são destinadas à toda comunidade interna e externa, como o Mutirão de Prevenção e Diagnóstico Precoce do Câncer de Boca, de Prevenção à Cárie Dental e de Diagnóstico, Prevenção e Orientações de Disfunções da ATM e Bruxismo.
Comissão Organizadora
26ª Semana Odontológica UNAERP - 26ª SOURP/ 2022
Sonocatalytic removal of naphthalene from an aqueous solution using ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Suresh S. , Kumari Preety , Jha Jay Mant , Verma Sarika , Arisutha S. , Lens Piet N. L.
Published: September 2022

This research presents the sonocatalytic degradation of naphthalene from an aqueous medium using a zinc oxide (ZnO) catalyst synthesised by the thermal decomposition method. The present paper also aims to apply the response surface methodology for the evaluation of the effect of different parameters on the degradation rate. The optimum parameters were found to be 50 min of reaction time, 2.2 g/l of the ZnO catalyst mass, 30 °C, 280 V, and 80 mg/l of initial concentration under a constant ultrasonic treatment at 20 kHz and 260 W of power intensity. The elemental composition of the catalyst was as follows: Zn 25.18%, O 37.03%, Mg 3.20%, K 0.83%, Ca 4.05%, N 5.07%, Na 4.13%, Cl 3.43%, and Fe 0.32%. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) confirmed the Zn–O bond stretching at 510 cm−1. The degradation efficiency of naphthalene was almost double when the ZnO catalyst was used. The naphthalene degradation rate was a first-order reaction. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results show that the quadratic model is suitable for the obtained data (P-value = 0.0001) and in an optimal process, performance conditions were set equal to 100%. Regression analysis with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.989) and the model F-value of 6.94 indicated the adequacy of the model. The reusability study revealed that ZnO as a catalyst sustained the catalytic activity over five cycles.
Applications of Biomarkers in Cancer Surgery
Authors: Kundaktepe Berrin Papila
Published: September 2022

The most problematic and difficult cases of general surgery applications are
cancers. Cancer can be diagnosed in many ways, including the presence of some
symptoms and signs, screening tests, and imaging methods. The diagnosis of cancer is
confirmed anatomically by microscopic examination of tissue samples. Biomarker
research has become increasingly interesting for many medical fields today.
Biomarkers are indicators of the biological process that can show changes in disease
and health status and reveal pathological conditions. The sensitivity of markers used for
early and painless diagnosis is weak in all types of cancer, including thyroid, breast,
stomach, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. Biochemical and molecular markers have
been found to be of great importance in cancer research in recent years in the formation
mechanisms and treatment steps of cancer. Several biomarkers have been studied in the
circulating body fluids and tissue of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative
patients. The main use of tumor markers is the follow-up of the response to treatment
and early detection of recurrences in patients diagnosed with cancer. Tumor markers
correctly selected will guide the patient's monitoring and treatment planning. But, still,
the field of cancer surgery needs new biomarkers.
Clinical Application of Circulating MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers for Different Diseases
Authors: Sozer Volkan , Atukeren Pınar , Uzun Hafize
Published: September 2022

Biomarker research has become increasingly interesting in many areas
nowadays. Biomarkers are indicators of the biological process that can show changes in
disease and health status and reveal pathological conditions. There is always a need for
markers that divide patients into risk categories that can help in early diagnosis, detect
complications ahead of time, guide treatment, and predict adverse outcomes in a
chronic complex and certain diseases such as cancer. microRNAs (miRNAs) are ~ 22
nt long npcRNAs involved in post-transcriptional arrangements. miRNAs regulate
messenger RNAs (mRNA), especially through negative regulation of gene expression.
The fact that miRNAs have come to the fore in many disease mechanisms brings up
their use as biomarkers in the early stage. The purpose of this review is to gather the
latest information on this subject by bringing together recent articles and reviews to
contribute to understanding the role of miRNAs, which act as biomarkers in different
ways in vital processes, in the formation, early diagnosis, and treatment of diseases.
miRNAs have an important potential to become a next-generation biomarker and
therapeutic. But, each miRNA molecule can bind to a large number of different
mRNAs, and different miRNAs in each mRNA. Therefore, new findings are needed to
determine the expression activities and targets of miRNAs.
Biomarkers in Liver Disease
Authors: Sonsuz Abdullah , Bakkaloglu Oguz Kagan
Published: September 2022

Symptoms and signs of liver diseases are highly variable depending on the
etiology, disease stage, and type of liver involvement. There are different types of liver
diseases; causes of liver diseases may be viral, toxic, metabolic, or autoimmune.
However, in some cases, liver disease can develop as a result of diseases of other
organs or systems. It is almost impossible to differentiate all of these solely on the basis
of clinical symptoms and findings. Furthermore, the early stages of liver disease may
be completely asymptomatic, or in some cases, the disease may progress with only
subtle and non-specific symptoms. Therefore, biomarkers have a critical role in
screening, diagnosis, staging, and evaluation of therapeutic response to treatment in
liver diseases.
Clinical Application of New Possible Biomarkers in the Assessment and Monitoring of Nutritional Status
Authors: Yesilkaya Burcu
Published: September 2022

Nutrition is directly related to human health. It is very critical to determine
the nutritional status to prevent or diagnose diseases and create the right treatment
plans. The determination of the nutritional status provides an early diagnosis of growth
and development retardation such as malnutrition. It also plays a major role in
preventing diseases that may be caused by vitamin and mineral deficiencies. It helps in
the surveillance of one of the world's most serious health problems, namely “obesity.”
Different ways can be used to assess nutritional status. One of the best ways to assess
the nutritional and health status is to use biomarkers. A biomarker is a substance whose
detection indicates a specific disease state or a response to a therapeutic intervention.
Biomarkers are used to detect nutrient consumption and deficiencies as early as
possible, enabling early intervention for metabolic problems. Biomarkers also allow the
visualization of diseases that a person might develop or potentially have with a sample,
such as blood, tissue, and urine, from the person. Health interventions such as
nutritional advice will preserve health or promote rapid recovery. In this chapter, the
topic of biomarkers related to nutrition and nutrient deficiencies is discussed. The
existence of new possible biomarkers is also reviewed.
GÖZ BULGULARININ EŞLİK ETTİĞİ TRİZOMİ 13 VAKASI SUNUMU
Authors: Darka Kazım , Çatak Arif İsmet , Karaaslan Erhan
Published: September 2022

Giriş: Trizomi 13; ilk defa 1960’ ta tanımlanmış olup, mikrosefali, mikroftalmi, yarık damak dudak, mental retardasyon, polidaktili, konjenital kalp anomalileri, üriner sistem anomalileri ve santral sinir sistemi gelişim anomalileri sıklıkla eşilik etmektedir. Klasik trizomi, 47, XX/XY + 13, şeklinde olup daha nadir olarak translokasyon ve mozaisizm gibi kromozomal düzensizlikler de görülmektedir. Vaka: Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Hastanesi’ nde takip edilen 30 yasındaki annenin G2P2Y2 olarak 32 haftalıkken sezaryen ile 1405 gr olarak dünyaya gelen kız bebeğinin APGAR skoru 1. dakikada 5 ve 5. dakikada 6 idi. Fizik muayenesinde; kilosu 1405 gram (3 persentil altı), boyu 41 cm (3 persentil altı), baş çevresi 26 cm (3 persentil altı) idi. Dismorfik görünümü ve ön fontonel boyutu 3x4 cm olan hastanın mikrosefaliyle birlikte, skalpte sol paryetal alanda aplazia kutis konjenita, sağ gözde mikroftalmi, sol gözde anoftalmi, yarık damak ve dudak mevcuttu. Üç ekstremitede polidaktili olduğu görüldü. Abdomen ultrasonografi (USG), kranial USG ve beyin bilgisayarlı tomografide bir patoloji görülmedi. Ekokardiyografisi normal olarak değerlendirildi. Sağ gözde konjenital katarakt ve mikroftalmi mevcutken; sol göz anoftalmikti. Tartışma Trizomi 13’ün yaklaşık insidansı 10.000 canlı doğumda birdir. Vakamızda; FISH analizi trizomi 13 ile uyumlu bulunan hastadan moleküler karyotiplendirme ise yine 47, XX, + 13 olarak bulunmuştur. Trizomi 13 sendromunun en sık görülen bulguları motor ve mental gerilik, mikrosefali, mikroftalmi, holoprozensefali, hipotelorizm, yarık damak ve/veya yarık dudak, kardiovasküler, genitoüriner ve oküler malformasyonlardır. Mikroftalmi, yarık damak ve yarık dudak, polidaktili olması bu sendrom için karakteristiktir. Vakamızda yarık damak-dudak, polidaktili, sol göz anoftalmi, sağ göz mikroftalmi ve konjenital katarakt, mikrosefali, mikrognati eşlik etmektedir. Bununla birlikte Trizomi-13 vakalarında görülme sıklığı yüksek olan kardiyak anomali, santral sinir sistemi gelişim anomalisi, üriner sistem anomalisi görülmemiştir.
Perceived Stress and Quality of Life in Healthcare Workers of Non-COVID-19-Designated Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ukraine
Authors: Mats Oksana , Karpik Zoriana , Boiko Dmytro , Rud Vadym , Zhyvotovska Liliia
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Healthcare workers are more vulnerable to negative influences of the Covid-19 pandemic than cross-border travelers as they experience greater occupational stress, exacerbated by the possibility of self-contamination or contamination of their relatives through direct contact with patients, reduced social communication, deterioration in self-care and quality of life due to lack of energy and time.

The aim of the study was to assess the level of stress and quality of life in healthcare workers of non-COVID-19-designated hospitals in Ukraine during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods. There was carried out a case-control study that included 150 respondents divided into three groups: experimental groups (EG) 1 and 2 comprised 50 physicians and 50 nurses of non-COVID-19-designated hospitals, respectively; the control group (CG) included 50 healthy individuals not working in the healthcare field. The data were collected using paper questionnaires involving sociodemographic questions, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey.

Results. EG 1 and EG 2 had significantly increased stress levels as compared to the CG. Physical functioning criterion in EG 2 was significantly lower than those in EG 1 and the CG. Vitality and social functioning indicators were significantly lower in EG 1 and EG 2 as compared to the CG. Quality of mental health was worse in EG 1 than in the CG.

Conclusions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers of non-COVID-19-designated hospitals experienced a significant reorganization of their work environment, which required them to adjust rapidly to new conditions and psychological difficulties. The medical staff was found to have an increased level of perceived stress and decreased quality of life, which could affect the quality of medical care. Our findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic necessitates the development and implementation of stress coping measures to improve mental and physical health of healthcare workers, which can be used to achieve proper work and rest routines, create a microclimate within the team, and restore the work-life balance.
Freedom or Private Government?
Authors: Raekstad Paul
Published: September 2022

Review of Elizabeth Anderson (2017) Private Government: How Employers Rule Our Lives (and Why We Don’t Talk about it). Princeton: Princeton University Press, 196 pp.
Effects of Social Media Use on Connectivity and Emotions During Pandemic-Induced School Closures: Qualitative Interview Study Among Adolescents
Authors: Liang Elisa , Kutok Emily R , Rosen Rochelle K , Burke Taylor A , Ranney Megan L
Published: September 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to examine social media and technology use during a time in which technology served as adolescents’ primary form of socialization. The literature is mixed regarding how increased screen time during this period affected adolescent mental health and well-being. The mechanisms by which screen time use affected adolescent psychosocial outcomes are also unknown.

Objective

We aimed to deepen our understanding of how social media and technology use, social connectivity, and emotional well-being intersected during pandemic-related school closures.

Methods

English-speaking adolescents aged 13 to 17 years were recruited on Instagram for a brief screening survey; 39 participants were purposefully selected to complete a semistructured interview regarding their social media and technology use during the pandemic. Interview summaries were abstracted from recordings, and deductive codes were created for the primary question stems. These codes were subsequently reviewed for the main themes.

Results

The main themes were as follows: adolescent social media and technology use during school closures usually allowed for more and easier social connectivity, but the amount and relative ease of connectivity differed according to purpose and type of use. Emotions, particularly those of stress and happiness, were connected to whether adolescents actively or passively engaged with social media and technology.

Conclusions

Our results suggest a nuanced relationship among social media and technology use, adolescent social support, and emotional well-being, including during the pandemic. Specifically, how adolescents use or engage with web-based platforms greatly influences their ability to connect with others and their feelings of stress and happiness. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and as technology in general remains at the core of the adolescent experience, future research should continue to examine how adolescents navigate and use web-based spaces in beneficial and harmful ways. This will inform education and interventions that foster healthy social media and technological habits.
Use of an Ingestible, Sensor-Based Digital Adherence System to Strengthen the Therapeutic Relationship in Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Richey Anabel G , Kovacs Ildiko , Browne Sara
Published: September 2022

Serious mental illness is a chronic condition that requires long-term pharmacological treatment. Adherence to oral antipsychotic medication has specific nuances that affects patients and physicians alike. For patients with serious mental illness, nonadherence increases their risk of hospitalization and relapse. Nonadherence is a formidable barrier for physicians in accurately assessing medication efficacy and helping patients achieve their fullest potential. A digital adherence system approved by the Food and Drug Administration can provide near–real time aripiprazole ingestion information. The system records ingestions through an embedded ingestible sensor in oral aripiprazole, which sends a transient local signal to a patch worn on the patient’s torso that is then stored on a paired smartphone app. With patient permission, these data can be viewed remotely by their physician, along with a patient’s mood, activity, and time spent resting. Such data are able to do the following: reveal broad patterns of medication adherence behavior to the patient as well as their physician; help physicians and patients understand and create more realistic expectations for adherence; promote discussion of treatment options; and minimize therapeutic appointment time devoted to determining actual adherence, thereby maximizing the time available to address each patient’s distinctive reasons for their adherence pattern. Crucially, extra time created during appointments can be used to strengthen the therapeutic relationship, which may translate into both improvements in adherence and patient attitude toward their medication. Future investigations are needed to examine how this technology impacts the development of training and best practice guidelines for its use. Otherwise, the potential benefits of this technology may be lost, or worse, inadequate and inappropriate use may harm the therapeutic relationship.
Improved Glycemia and Quality of Life Among Loop Users: Analysis of Real-world Data From a Single Center
Authors: Morrison Amy E , Chong Kimberley , Lai Valerie , Farnsworth Kate , Senior Peter A , Lam Anna
Published: September 2022

Background

Despite do-it-yourself automated insulin delivery being an unapproved method of insulin delivery, an increasing number of people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) worldwide are choosing to use Loop, a do-it-yourself automated insulin delivery system.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to assess glycemic outcomes, safety, and the perceived impact on quality of life (QOL) in a local Edmonton cohort of known Loop users.

Methods

An observational study of adults with T1D who used Loop was performed. An assessment of glycemic and safety outcomes, HbA1c, time in range, hospital admissions, and time below range compared users most recent 6 months of Loop use, with their prior regulatory approved insulin delivery method. QOL outcomes were assessed using Insulin Dosing Systems: Perceptions, Ideas, Reflections, and Expectations, diabetes impact, and device satisfaction measures (with maximum scores of 100, 10, and 10, respectively) and semistructured interviews.

Results

The 24 adults with T1D who took part in this study 16 (67%) were female, with a median age of 33 (IQR 28-45) years, median duration of diabetes of 22 (IQR 17-32) years, median pre-Loop HbA1c of 7.9% (IQR 7.6%-8.3%), and a median duration of Loop use of 18 (IQR 12-25) months. During Loop use, the participants had median (IQR) values of 7.1% (6.5%-7.5%), 54 mmol (48-58) for HbA1c and 76.5% (64.6%-81.9%) for time in range, which were a significant improvement from prior therapy (P=.001 and P=.005), with a nonsignificant reduction in time below range; 3.0 to 3.9 mmol/L (P=.17) and <3 mmol/L (P=.53). Overall, 2 episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis occurred in a total of 470 months of Loop use, and no severe hypoglycemia occurred. The positive impact of Loop use on QOL was explored in qualitative analysis and additionally demonstrated through a median Insulin Dosing Systems: Perceptions, Ideas, Reflections, and Expectations score of 86 (IQR 79-95), a median diabetes impact score of 2.8 (IQR 2.1-3.9), and a median device satisfaction score of 9 (IQR 8.2-9.4).

Conclusions

This local cohort of people with T1D demonstrated a beneficial effect of Loop use on both glycemic control and QOL, with no safety concerns being highlighted.
A Model for Classifying Rice Varieties Grown in Turkey Using Image-Based Morphological Features and Machine Learning
Authors: Quraishi Md. Iqbal
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Rice is one of the important cereals which feeds more than half of the world's population. It is used frequently in a variety of flavourful recipes. In this work, a dataset of Cammeo and Osmancik species found in Turkey has been selected for the study. It have 3810 samples containing seven morphological features. The feature ranking methods like Fisher score, FSV, infFS, Laplacian, ReliefF, MCFS and MUTinfFS are selected and applied on the above datasets for the purpose of finding key features for proper feature selection. After selecting key feature values, feature vector have been prepared. Then, Support vector machine technique was applied for classification based on the results obtained from feature ranking techniques.
Particulate Matter and NOx Exhaust After Treatment Systems
Authors: Gujarathi Mr. Pratik
Published: September 2022

It is today undoubted that humans have to reduce their impact on the environment. Internal combustion engines, being the major power source in the transportation sector as well as in individual transport, play an important role in the man-made emissions. While the mobility in the world is growing, it is important to reduce the emissions that result from transportation. The diesel engine provides a high efficiency and hence it can help to reduce CO2 emissions, which are believed to be the main cause of global warming. Diesel exhaust also contains toxic gases, mainly nitrogen oxides (NOX) and soot particles. These emissions are therefore limited by the authorities in most countries.
Deciphering the Decline: A Computational Analysis of Two Decades of Canadian Newspaper Op-Eds on Freedom of Information
Authors: Luscombe Alex , Walby Kevin
Published: September 2022

Background: Newspaper op-eds are an underexplored mode of communication that frame social, cultural, and political issues. Analysis: This article uses an unsupervised machine-learning approach called structural topic modelling to map changes in the content of a corpus of Canadian newspaper op-eds on freedom of information (FOI) law spanning a 20-year period. This makes it possible to investigate changes in the content of newspaper op-eds over time and to decipher trends in the kinds of topics that national, regional, and local newspapers publish. Conclusion and implications: Computational approaches to analyzing news texts are used, and recommendations are offered for future research on FOI and political communications.
Network Wisdom: The Role of Scaffolding in Expanding Communities of Practice and Technical Competencies in Community Networks
Authors: Lithgow Michael , Garrison Philip , Jang Esther Han Beol , Pacé Nicolas
Published: September 2022

‹ Volume 47 Issue 2, May 2022, pp. 271-291 › Articles Network Wisdom: The Role of Scaffolding in Expanding Communities of Practice and Technical Competencies in Community Networks Michael LithgowRelated informationAthabasca University Philip GarrisonRelated informationUniversity of Washington Esther Han Beol JangRelated informationUniversity of Washington Nicolas PacéRelated informationAlterMundi Michael Lithgow is Associate Professor at Athabasca University. Email: michael.lithgow@athabascau.ca. Philip Garrison is a PhD Candidate in the Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Washington. Email: philipmg@cs.washington.edu. Esther Han Beol Jang is a PhD candidate in the Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Washington. Email: infrared@cs.washington.edu. Nicolas Pacé is Community Networks Movement Builder at AlterMundi. Email: nicopace@altermundi.net Abstract Full Text References PDF EPUB Background: One of the key tensions to emerge from research on community owned and operated information and communications technology networks (“community networks”) is why some networks flourish while others fail. Analysis: These findings are based on interviews with 15 community network participants from four rural community networks in Córdoba, Argentina. Community network longevity is shaped by practices of scaffolding—knowledge sharing practices that expand what Étienne Wenger describes as “fields of negotiability” within communities of practice. Conclusion and implications: Network longevity was supported by scaffolding practices that decentralized technical capacities while encouraging deeper involvement among network participants. The network wisdom demonstrated in these cases appears to offer a promising strategy for community networks struggling to achieve longevity.
Work
Authors: Cohen Nicole
Published: September 2022

Work has plagued us during the COVID-19 pandemic. Essential work. Work from home. Being worked to death. Some have had no work; others have had too much. Some of us longed to work as children clung to us (I tried and failed multiple times to write this article during numerous COVID-19-related school and daycare closures). Front-line workers. Remote workers. The Great Resignation reflects great resignation.
Simpler (classical) and faster (quantum) algorithms for Gibbs partition functions
Authors: Arunachalam Srinivasan , Havlicek Vojtech , Nannicini Giacomo , Temme Kristan , Wocjan Pawel
Published: September 2022

We present classical and quantum algorithms for approximating partition functions of classical Hamiltonians at a given temperature. Our work has two main contributions: first, we modify the classical algorithm of Stefankovic, Vempala and Vigoda (J. ACM, 56(3), 2009) to improve its sample complexity; second, we quantize this new algorithm, improving upon the previously fastest quantum algorithm for this problem, due to Harrow and Wei (SODA 2020).
The conventional approach to estimating partition functions requires approximating the means of Gibbs distributions at a set of inverse temperatures that form the so-called cooling schedule. The length of the cooling schedule directly affects the complexity of the algorithm. Combining our improved version of the algorithm of Stefankovic, Vempala and Vigoda with the paired-product estimator of Huber (Ann. Appl. Probab., 25(2), 2015), our new quantum algorithm uses a shorter cooling schedule than previously known. This length matches the optimal length conjectured by Stefankovic, Vempala and Vigoda. The quantum algorithm also achieves a quadratic advantage in the number of required quantum samples compared to the number of random samples drawn
by the best classical algorithm, and its computational complexity has quadratically better dependence on the spectral gap of the Markov chains used to produce the quantum samples.
acordo de leniência
Authors: Soares de Sá Acácia Regina
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: a proposição deste ensaio objetiva analisar como o acordo de leniência funciona na condição de instrumento de efetividade das ações civis públicas por ato de improbidade administrativa, pois, em muitas situações, as condutas que ensejam a celebração dos referidos acordos também figuram como atos de improbidade administrativa previstos na Lei 8.429/1992. Nesse sentido, é necessário verificar quais as consequências advindas da celebração do acordo de leniência pela pessoa jurídica para a efetivação do objetivo de preservar a probidade administrativa prevista na Lei 8.429/1992. Método: a metodologia empregada baseia-se na análise das principais características do acordo de leniência, nos dispositivos da Lei 12.846/2013, que tratam do tema, nos atos tipificados como ímprobos e suas respectivas sanções e, por fim, na conclusão acerca das consequências referentes à efetividade das sanções, em razão da prática de atos de improbidade administrativa por ocasião da celebração de acordo de leniência pela mesma pessoa jurídica. Resultado: ao final deste ensaio, constata-se que o acordo de leniência previsto na Lei 12.846/2013, ainda que esteja inserto em diploma legal específico que trata das sanções em razão da prática de atos de corrupção praticados por pessoas jurídicas, pode ser aplicado no âmbito da ação civil pública por ato de improbidade administrativa, tendo em vista que integra o mesmo microssistema de combate à corrupção.