bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Historian jokapäiväinen virta sanomalehdessä
Authors: Seuri Olli
Published: December 2017

Artikkelissa selvitetään, millainen on historian jokapäiväinen virta sanomalehdessä. Aineistona on vuoden 2008 Helsingin Sanomien 1960-lukua koskevat viittaukset. Kaikkein arkipäiväisintä on satunnainen historian journalistinen esittäminen, joka koostuu usein faktanomaisista viittauksista tapahtuman tai ilmiön taustaan. Tulkitsevammat viittaukset menneisyyteen ovat tietoista historian journalistista esittämistä. Se on aina riippuvaista toimituksellisista valinnoista eikä palaudu ainoastaan journalistisiin käytäntöihin tai ajatukseen ilmiölle ja tapahtumalle olennaisen menneisyyden huomioimisesta. Tietoiset maininnat ovat näkyviä merkityskamppailun paikkoja. Arvioidessaan tapahtumien tai ilmiöiden kestäviä merkityksiä sanomalehti osallistuu julkiseen määrittelyyn yhteiskunnallisesti tärkeästä menneisyydestä. Artikkelin pyrkimyksenä on laajentaa ymmärrystä historian ja journalismin suhteista kaikkein arkisimmassa muodossa. Lopuksi pohditaan, kuinka sanomalehden jokapäiväinen historia nivoo toimittajat osaksi historiaa tulkitsevaa yhteisöä. Näkökulmien, mittakaavan ja selitysten antaminen on journalismin tehtävä, joka heijastuu myös menneisyyden käsittelyyn.
Toimittajien rajankäyntejä ammattilaisista ja amatööreistä journalismin tuotannossa
Authors: Hujanen Jaana
Published: December 2017

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan, millaiseksi suomalaisten sanomalehtitoimittajien ymmärrys yleisöstä journalismin tuottamisessa on rakentumassa sekä miten journalistisen profession moderni käsitys hyvän journalismin käytännöistä peilautuu journalismia ja yleisön osallistumista koskevaan neuvotteluun 2010-luvun taitteessa. Artikkelin teoreettinen tausta ja keskustelu pohjaavat journalismin ja diskurssin tutkimukseen. Aineistona ovat 20 sanomalehtitoimittajan laadulliset haastattelut. Niitä analysoidaan diskursiivisesti: aineistosta on erotettu ammattimaisen uutistuotannon diskurssi sekä valvotun kansalaiskeskustelun diskurssi. Niiden yhdessä katsotaan rakentavan professionaalisen journalismin diskurssia. Huomio analyysissä kohdentuu siihen, miten toimittajat määrittelevät journalistien sekä yleisön roolit ja tehtävät sanomalehden tuotannossa sekä millaiset ammattitaidon ja osallistumisen kriteerit ja käytännöt tällöin rakentuvat. Journalistinen ammattitaito sidotaan tutkituissa sanomalehdissä ensisijaisesti modernin journalismin ihanteiden mukaisiin uutiskäytäntöihin. Lukijoiden aktiivisuus keskustelupalstoilla ja journalistisen työprosessin apuvoimana nähdään positiivisena asiana, mutta diskurssit rakentavat rajaa journalismin ja ”ei-journalismin”, journalismin ja kansalaiskeskustelun sekä ammattilaisen ja amatöörin välille. Kysymys lukijoiden osallistumisesta on maakuntalehdissä myös resurssikysymys. Analyysi viittaa edelleen siihen, että kilpailevat journalismikäsitykset synnyttävät hybridejä ihanteita ja uutiskäytäntöjä, joissa limittyvät niin objektiivisuuden ja riippumattomuuden kuin orastavan osallistumisenkin ihanteet.
Music from New Orleans and Warsaw: Records from the Harry Orvomaa Collection
Authors: Gronow Pekka
Published: December 2017

Audiovisual companion site: http://www.etnomusikologia.fi/p/av2015.html
Julio César y el joven Octavio en Hispania en el año 45 a.C. La cuestión del itinerario cesariano y las apelaciones de los saguntinos en Carthago Nova según Nicolás de Damasco, Bíos Καίσαρος, 23-27
Authors: Perea Yébenes Sabino
Published: December 2017

A partir del texto Nicolás de Damasco, Bíos Καίσαρος, 23-27, revisamos algunos aspectos de la presencia de Julio César y del joven Octavio (el futuro Augusto) en Hispania en el verano del año 45 a.C. Hacemos una propuesta del itinerario seguido por César durante la guerra de Hispania y después de acabada esta, en marzo del 45. Nos interesa el relato de Nicolás que cuenta la presencia en Hispania de Octavio y su encuentro con César, acabada la guerra, en Κάλπια/Carteia. Tienen especial interés las audiencias que tuvieron lugar semanas después en Carthago Nova, donde se presentaron algunas apelaciones presentadas a César por parte de una delegación de los saguntinos
Soria Mesa, Enrique, La realidad tras el espejo. Ascenso social y limpieza de sangre en la España de Felipe II
Authors: Rey Castelao Ofelia
Published: December 2017

Reseña bibliográfica
A dimensão formativa da revisão por pares em diferentes áreas do conhecimento: prós e contras segundo os laureados da ciência brasileira
Authors: Silva Cláudio Nei Nascimento da , Mueller Suzana Pinheiro Machado
Published: December 2017

Identifica e analisa as razões favoráveis e contrárias à dimensão pedagógica da revisão por pares nos três colégios de áreas do conhecimento a partir do ponto de vista de autores e revisores de periódicos científicos. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da questão aberta de um questionário on-line e passaram por um processo de categorização com utilização de um programa de computador de auxílio à análise qualitativa. Os resultados evidenciaram razões contrárias e favoráveis à dimensão pedagógica da revisão por pares, como também limites e possibilidades para tomar essa atividade uma experiência de aprendizagem. Conclui-se reconhecendo a revisão por pares como uma importante oportunidade de formação para pesquisadores de todas as áreas do conhecimento e que os limites do caráter formativo desse processo, se superados, reforçam ainda mais sua natureza pedagógica.
O plano nacional de formação de professores da educação básica (PARFOR): o ideal e a realidade vigente
Authors: Cardoso Elisângela Andrade Moreira , Nunes Claudio Pinto
Published: December 2017

Este artigo discorre sobre a política de formação inicial para professores da Educação Básica, analisando o Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica e suas contribuições para a formação inicial de docentes que não possuem a habilitação exigida pela Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional. Para tanto, adotou-se a revisão de literatura para analisar o referido Plano em fontes documentais. As reflexões desencadeadas por essa revisão literária permitiram conhecer os aspectos legais que norteiam o percurso de formação inicial dos professores e também reconhecer o suscitado Plano como um instrumento importante para o professor em formação, como profissional competente, responsável e comprometido com a docência, a melhoria da qualidade na educação e as transformações sociais. Contudo, apesar de esse Plano ser uma iniciativa assertiva, apresenta limitações que convergem para a necessidade de uma reavaliação tanto dos princípios quanto dos objetivos propostos, com vistas ao redimensionamento para o sucesso, uma vez que esse Plano faz parte de uma ação inovadora da educação no Brasil.
O observatório da educação (OBEDUC) e sua contribuição para a formação docente na UFPI
Authors: Carvalho Antonia Dalva França , Cavalcanti Ágata Laisa Laremberg Alves , Feitosa Maria Suely Alves
Published: December 2017

Este artigo apresenta as contribuições do Programa Observatório da Educação, da Universidade Federal do Piauí, para a formação docente. O desenvolvimento do projeto “A escola de tempo integral na perspectiva da educação integral: um estudo sobre a epistemologia escolar constituída pela gestão e organização do trabalho pedagógico” fomentou a produção acadêmica sobre o tema, articulando a pós-graduação, as licenciaturas e as escolas de educação básica envolvidas. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, com abordagem etnometodológica, e utiliza as concepções de André (1995) acerca do trabalho educativo no modelo de escola de tempo integral. Os resultados incidem diretamente na formação de seus sujeitos, orientada pela pesquisa, pela prática e pela reflexão, tornando essa formação mais sólida, crítica e reflexiva. Os resultados mostram os impactos relevantes do referido programa para a educação e para a formação de professores. Por essa razão, aponta-se a necessidade de manter e ampliar iniciativas como essa pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, seja em forma de projetos individuais ou em rede.
PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE O ACOLHIMENTO INSTITUCIONAL DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES A PARTIR DE HISTÓRIAS DE VIDA
Authors: Sousa Paula Seabra , Moreira Duarte Valentim Alberto Luisa Maria , Crespo dos Santos Maria Clara , Constantino Patricia
Published: December 2017

O tema escolhido situa-se no âmbito da psicologia social e jurídica. Deseja-se lançar um olhar sobre as histórias de vida de pessoas que, em algum momento de suas vidas passaram pelo processo de acolhimento, fazendo uma articulação com a história social. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é construir junto aos entrevistados a trajetória de suas vidas antes, durante e depois da institucionalização e suas perspectivas para o futuro. A metodologia utilizada é a técnica qualitativa, utilizando o método de Histórias de Vida. Estimou-se que a partir dos discursos apresentados pelos sujeitos da pesquisa sobre suas histórias de vida antes, durante e depois da passagem por uma instituição de acolhimento, mediante escuta qualificada das pesquisadoras, tais sujeitos pudessem elaborar o que se passou em suas vidas, tornando essa trajetória visível a eles, abrindo espaços para construção de sonhos, caminhos e perspectivas para o futuro. Dessa forma, a pesquisa contribuiu para a formação de novos significados para os sujeitos da pesquisa, assim como para as pesquisadoras, no que diz respeito ao olhar em direção às pessoas que estão ou passaram por situação de acolhimento institucional e quanto ao próprio Acolhimento Institucional. Almejamos assim, que este trabalho possibilite a abertura de novas pesquisas, neste âmbito, valorizando o contexto institucional, em todos seus aspectos.
Imágenes construidas: Sobre la estetización visual de la arquitectura actual
Authors: Schaerer Philipp
Published: December 2017

La arquitectura y la imagen han compartido siempre una íntima conexión. Una fase de la imaginación ha precedido siempre a la producción de la arquitectura, ya sea como dibujos, diagramas, planos o perspectivas, abstractos o no. La arquitectura siempre ha sido pensada en términos de y comunicada por medio de imágenes. Hoy en día, sin embargo, nos encontramos cada vez más con una arquitectura que —consciente o inconscientemente— parece estar preocupada por su impacto visual; una arquitectura que se mueve inebitablemente hacia la mera producción de imágenes seductoras, poniendo en primer plano su esteticización visual. La contemporánea tendencia en la arquitectura de usar las imágenes tanto como herramientas para el desarrollo proyectual como para la comunicación se puede remontar a la interacción de varios y cambiantes factores contextuales. Este ensayo pretende destacar algunos factores que aparentemente favorecen la estetización visual de la arquitectura actual.
Abre los ojos: Fotografía y Arquitectura
Authors: Martínez Arroyo Carmen , Pemjean Rodrigo
Published: December 2017

“Fotografiar es colocar la cabeza, el ojo y el corazón en un mismo eje”. Esta frase de Henri Cartier-Bresson expresa con nitidez lo que para él es fotografiar. En primer lugar, la condición abstracta de la mente. En segundo lugar, la técnica presente en nuestro ojo y en el objetivo de la cámara. Y, finalmente, la incorporación del corazón en nuestro trabajo, la necesidad de que el elemento fotografiado sea capaz de activar nuestras emociones. Este artículo se hace deudor del texto de Cartier-Bresson y se estructura en tres partes, relacionadas con la cabeza, el ojo y el corazón. Pero es sobre todo una excusa para reflexionar sobre el modo de abrir los ojos al mundo que nos rodea. Desde el dibujo, desde la realidad construida o desde la fotografía.
Un paseo fotográfico por la casa de Aldo van Eyck: fragmento y montaje
Authors: Campos Uribe Alejandro , Lacomba Montes Paula
Published: December 2017

Este artículo analiza las fotografías tomadas de la casa de Aldo van Eyck en Ámsterdam y se propone su reconstrucción. Se utilizan las fotografías cuidadosamente preparadas de J. Versnel para recomponer la biografía conceptual del arquitecto. Con su ayuda se describe la casa como campo de pruebas en el que el arquitecto experimenta por primera vez con estrategias que le acompañarán a lo largo de su trayectoria: policentrismo, relatividad, psicogeografía. El proyecto, realizado a la vez que el primer playground de Aldo van Eyck en Bertelmanplein (1947) inaugura un método de trabajo que parte del encolado de fragmentos autónomos y avanza hacia una red de relaciones de reciprocidad. Posteriormente se completan las fotografías ya publicadas con una serie de bocetos y negativos inéditos. Con todos ellos se reconstruye brevemente la historia de la casa, las transformaciones sufridas por sus habitantes. Si bien las fotografías pueden ayudar a desentrañar las razones del proyecto original de la casa, también pueden mostrar el modo en el que la familia la habitó y la fue transformando. Donde las primeras fotografías esclarecen los sustantivos que la crítica arquitectónica ha utilizado para describir los proyectos de Van Eyck, los nuevos negativos hallados sirven sin duda para comprender la definición de arquitectura que acuña Aldo van Eyck en sus textos: “architecture is built home-coming”. Las fotografías, todas juntas, reconstruyen una arquitectura comprendida como proceso inacabado, la salvan para una nueva interpretación que la mantenga viva.
Emociones capturadas. La Casa Gili de Coderch a través de su registro fotográfico
Authors: Vázquez-Díaz Sonia , Varela Ruth , Prieto López Juan Ignacio
Published: December 2017

Desde el descubrimiento de la «cámara lúcida», la utilización de la fotografía como soporte narrativo para la arquitectura se ha mostrado cada vez más inevitable, aunque no por ello exenta de controversia. Y a pesar de que a menudo se destacan las limitaciones de las imágenes para representar una experiencia espacial, en toda su complejidad, sin embargo no se reconoce la capacidad proyectiva del arquitecto investigador para atenuar estas importantes carencias, ni se profundiza sobre este aspecto. El propósito del artículo es mostrar la utilidad del registro visual para reconstruir la experiencia espacial y emocional que en su día pudo generar una obra de arquitectura. Y para ello utiliza el ejemplo de la Casa Gili del arquitecto José Antonio Coderch, una arquitectura que ha sufrido una modificación tan drástica que puede considerarse desaparecida. La colección de imágenes que documenta el estado inicial de esta casa sirve como soporte de un análisis en el que la mirada sensible y sistemática del investigador permite abordar un análisis fenomenológico con el fin de desentrañar las emociones estéticas que en otro tiempo pudo haber generado su observación, su vivencia y/o su habitar.
Interview with Richard Pare | Conversación con Richard Pare
Authors: Bergera Iñaki
Published: December 2017

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Episodes toward a Fluxarchitecture. The work of George Maciunas, Shadrach Woods and Joachim Pfeufer
Authors: Doglio Federica
Published: December 2017

Fluxus, an artistic movement that emerged in 1960, crossed borders within the arts. Soon it expanded to include sculpture, poetry, performance, photography, and cinema, taking on a multi-disciplinary character that regularly crossed or erased borders within the arts. Its relationship to architecture, however, is more complex. In the 1960s, a few architects sought to resolve contradictions between the principles of Fluxus and the presumptions of their own field, and explored the possibilities of change —flux— in architectural practice. This article will investigate possible connections between Fluxus and the architectural practices. It considers three figures who were both theorists and architects: Georges Maciunas, Shadrach Woods and Joachim Pfeufer. Their practices, considered together, form what in this article I coin “fluxarchitecture”.
AA. VV. - Cartha: On Relations in Architecture
Authors: LÓPEZ RIVERA FRANCISCO JAVIER
Published: December 2017

AA. VV.Cartha: On Relations in ArchitecturePark Books, Zúrich, 2016, 274 págs.Idioma: inglés. Tapa dura. Dimensiones: 19 x 2,5 x 24,1 cm. 22 €. ISBN: 978-3-03860-037-4
J. VASSALLO - Seamless: Digital Collage and Dirty Realism in Contemporary Architecture
Authors: González de Canales Francisco
Published: December 2017

Jesús VassalloSeamless: Digital Collage and Dirty Realism in Contemporary ArchitectureArchitecture at Rice/Park Books, Houston y Zúrich, 2016, 208 páginas. Idioma: inglés.Tapa dura. 38 €. ISBN-10: 3038600199. ISBN-13: 978-3038600190
F. SCHULZE y E. WINDHORST - Mies van der Rohe. Una biografía crítica
Authors: Marco Llombart Jesús
Published: December 2017

Franz Schulze y Edward WindhorstMies van der Rohe. Una biografía críticaBarcelona, Reverté, 2016, 524 páginas.Idioma: castellano. 44€. Tapa blanda. ISBN: 9788429121285
Studentsâ€™ Motivation and Appreciation on The Teaching of Writing Short Story Based on Creative-Literacy
Authors: Masie Sitti Rachmi , Siswanto Wahyudi , Pratiwi Yuni , Suwignyo Heri
Published: December 2017

This paper is initiated by the writersâ€™ preliminary observation regarding Â literary work learning activities in Â the Department of IndonesianÂ  Education and Literature State University of Gorontalo, which is still experiencing problems in itsÂ  Â learning process. One of the obstacles faced is that students are still lack of confidence in developing their ability to write literary works, especially writing short stories. Writing short stories based on creative literacy is a strategy given to develop the competence of learners in writing. Short story is chosen because it has an interesting characteristics so students will easily read and understand it. Using this strategy, it is expected that students are able to write short stories based on the results of their own creation. Writing short stories based on creative literacy canÂ  manifest studentsâ€™ Â ability in identifying various text forms, the purpose of the text, the text readersâ€™ target, and it enables the students to use their thinking ability to organize their process of reading and writing their new work.
Instructional Management Strategy: A Multi-Sites Study on Science Teaching for Islamic School
Authors: Ghofur Abdul , Rupawandi BR Nahdia , Ahmad Abdul Kholiq
Published: December 2017

This paper describes how management strategies in science learning are done by teachers in Islamic schools. This is motivated by the ranking of Indonesia which 87 percent of the population of Muslims always occupy the lowest position for the ability of science literacy. This research was conducted for four months using descriptive qualitative design with data collection technique of interview, observation and documentation. The subjects of the study were six Islamic schools in Lamongan, East Java. The six Islamic schools were chosen by purposive sampling. The results showed that the learning activities of science more dominated by teachers, students heard more explanation than the practice in verifying the process of science. The majority of teachers use lecture, question and answer methods, and assignments, and occasionally apply discussion and demonstration methods. Science laboratories in schools have not been maximally used, some have limited tools and materials, some of which lack laboratory space and even two schools without a science laboratory. Assessment of student learning progress done through pretest, posttest, daily test, question and answer during lessons, UTS and UAS. Teacher's strategy in managing student learning motivation by using animated video as apperception, integrating science materials with Islamic religious values.
Increasing Senior High School Studentsâ€™ Ability In Speaking English Through Contextual Storytelling Method
Authors: Mamahit Meyke Machrita
Published: December 2017

This research aimed (1) to increase the ability of students XII Grade Science 6 Senior High School state 7 Manado in speaking English through contextual storytelling method, (2) to increase the motivation and interest of students XII Grade Science 6 Senior High School state 7 Manado in speaking English through contextual storytelling method. This research is Classroom Action Research. The population was 325 students and the sample was 30 students. The research data was collected using performance test of cycle 1, 2, 3 and questionnaire. The research results indicated that the use of contextual storytelling method in learning English significantly increased the ability, interest and motivation of students XII Grade Science 6 Senior High School state 7 Manado in speaking English. The percentage of students who achieved the minimum score increased from 60 % in the first cycle became 70 % in the second cycle, and it increased 90 % in the third cycle. The studentsâ€™ interest and motivation in speaking English increased from 70 % in first cycle became 80 % in the second cycle and it became 90 % in the third cycle.
Problem Solving Ability Of Students Mathematics In Problem Based Learning
Authors: Siregar Nurdiana
Published: December 2017

The objective of this study were to determine the increasing of studentsâ€™ problem solving ability and self confidence after the implementation of problem based learning and to see the interaction between gender and learning to increas problem solving ability and studentsâ€™ self confidence. The method kuantitaif with the design of this research was quasi-experimental with factorial design is 22. There were 73 students as the sample of this study containing 36 students in grade VIII-5 and 37 students in grade VIII-6. The instruments of this students were test of problem solving and self confidence scale. The data were analyzed by applying two way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result showed that (1) The increasing of studentsâ€™ problem solving ability taught by using problem based learning was higher than that taught by using conventional learning (2) There was no interaction between gender and learning with increasing of studentsâ€™ problem solving ability.Â
Analisis Daya Dukung Lahan Untuk Mendukung Pengembangan Kawasan Berbasis Ekowisata
Authors: Syariah Arfiani
Published: December 2017

Indonesia with the very broad span its land, posses a large number of locations that feasible to be develop as a tourism area for supporting the economy of its cities. One of them that potentially to be developed was Bukit Surowiti in Gresik, East Java. Until recently Bukit Surowity only be used as pilgrimage tourism area, with high frequent visitors only happened at certains times of occasion. With the hilly topography condition, the area could offer an alternative type of tourism to be develop. An area itself can be said sustainable if it is supported by the ability to maintain and improve the environmental sustainability as of community economic through direct involvement for tourism development. This study aimed to analyzed the Bukit Surowity physical condition and identified areas that have the most appropriate land-carrying capacity for tourism facilities and supporting infrastructure for its development. The identification was conducted through a field surveys and land characteristics zoning based on the potential of topography, viewing zones and existing vegetation for the need of further analysis and mapping through Visual Absorption Capability method. The result generated a spatial map on the most feasible location for the land development that can become reference for the local government in determine the direction of Bukit Surowiti tourism area development
KAJIAN PERAN RISET DAN PENGEMBANGAN DALAM MENDUKUNG INDUSTRI KAKAO NASIONAL = STUDY ON THE ROLE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN SUPPORTING INDONESIAN COCOA INDUSTRY
Authors: Manalu Lamhot P.
Published: December 2017

Cocoa is commodities third largest foreign exchange earner after oil palm and rubber. In 2012 production totaled 833 310 tonnes of cocoa with an average growth of 1.56%. There are two major challenges in the development of the national cocoa industry, the increase in quantity (production and productivity) and quality. To support these efforts the role of research and development is needed to ensure that the procedures adopted are appropriate and fit. This study aims to study the role of research and development and other supporting factors in addressing the problems of the national cocoa. The study is in the form of survey respondents which are R&D institutes, universities and cocoa processing industry. The results show that there is a problem of national cocoa industry in all aspects, here the cultivation aspect is the biggest problem. The next aspects are mentoring, institutional, business scale, quality, policy, processing of intermediate products and processing of downstream products. The study also shows that there is still a lot of research results that can not be utilized by the cocoa industry, the rest has to be applied even if but only for a small scale so that the less significant. In the small and medium scale of cocoa enterprises, the equipment used is generally low capacity so inefficient.

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ABSTRAK

Kakao merupakan komoditas perkebunan penghasil devisa terbesar ketiga setelah kelapa sawit dan karet. Pada tahun 2012 produksi kakao tercatat sebesar 833.310 ton dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan sebesar 1,56%. Ada dua tantangan utama dalam pengembangan industri kakao nasional yaitu peningkatan kuantitas (produksi dan produktifitas) dan kualitas. Untuk mendukung usaha tersebut peran riset dan pengembangan (risetbang) sangat dibutuhkan untuk memastikan prosedur yang diterapkan sudah tepat dan sesuai.

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari peran risetbang serta faktor pendukung lainnya dalam menjawab permasalahan kakao nasional. Studi ini berupa hasil survey terhadap responden (pelaku risetbang kakao) yaitu lembaga penelitian dan pengembangan, universitas serta industri pengolahan kakao. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan industri kakao nasional terdapat pada semua aspek, dimana aspek budidaya merupakan permasalahan terbesar. Aspek berikutnya adalah penyuluhan, kelembagaan, skala usaha, mutu, kebijakan, pengolahan produk antara dan pengolahan produk hilir. Studi juga menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak hasil riset yang tidak dapat dimanfaatkan oleh industri kakao skala besar, sisanya walaupun telah bersifat aplikatif tetapi hanya untuk skala kecil sehingga kurang signifikan. Pada industri usaha skala kecil dan menengah umumnya peralatan yang digunakan berkapasitas rendah sehingga tidak efisien.
Analisis Transien Untuk Memprediksi Kedalaman Pengerasan Permukaan Pada Bagian Kritis Crankshaft
Authors: Purnama Harry
Published: December 2017

Dalam penelitian ini simulasi dinamis transien diterapkan pada crankshaft dengan silinder ganda empat stroke. Analisis elemen hingga dilakukan dengan menggunakan software bantu ANSYS untuk memperoleh tegangan von-misses di lokasi kritis, sedangkan permodelan 3D menggunakan software 3D modeling CATIA. Beban dan kondisi batas yang diterapkan sesuai dengan kondisi engine mounting di ANSYS. Simulasi transien di mana pembebanan didasarkan pada waktu diharapkan dapat memperoleh kedalaman dari konsentrasi tegangan. Hal ini dapat membantu untuk proses m dari crankshaft, pengerasan permukaan.

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* In this study a transient dynamic simulation was conducted on a crankshaft for double cylinder four stroke engine. Finite element analysis was performed to obtain of von-misses stress at critical locations using ANSYS, while the model creation can be created by well known 3D modeling software CATIA. The load and boundary conditions were applied according to the engine mounting conditions in ANSYS. The simulation with the proper time step be expected depth of stress concentration. It can help to the next process of crankshaft, surface hardening.

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Kata kunci : Analisa Transient, Time Step, ANSYS, Crankshft, Pengerasan Permukaan.
KEBERADAAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA TRANSPORTASI DALAM INDUSTRI PARIWISATA DI KEPULAUAN ANAMBAS
Authors: Febriyanti Eka
Published: December 2017

ARTICLES
PREDIKSI UMUR KELELAHAN STRUKTUR BADAN TEKAN KAPAL SELAM KARENA PENGULANGAN PERUBAHAN BEBAN HIDROSTATIK = ON THE FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION OF SUBMARINE PRESSURE HULL DUE TO ALTERNATING HYDROSTATIC LOADS
Authors: Wibowo H Nugroho  , Ahmad S. Mujahid
Published: December 2017

This technical study to predict the fatigue of the body structure made from material press submarine HY - 80. Because of the major operating expense that occurred on submarines that work is the hydrostatic load due to the nature of its operations. This resulted in hydrostatic load mains voltage (principal stress) which occurs when the submarine was on the surface and into the operational depth starting with Sarat depth (T) 5,5m to 50m and 100m. Events dives from the ocean surface to a depth of operational and back to the surface again, causing the submarine to change the burden of recurrent (repeated load) it contribute substantially to the structure of the material fatigue. Fatigue prediction calculation begins by modeling finite element method (FEM) in the press agency that assumed the form of a similar type submarine U-209 in the form of a hollow cylinder large bergading (web framed hollow cylindrical structure). Calculations carried out by applying the rules of fatigue damage accumulation Palgrem - Miner on S - N curve of materials HY - 80 based on the primary voltage data obtained from the FEM and the safety factor of 2.5. The assumption used is that the submarine has a screen of 120 days in a year. The results of this study show that the fatigue life of the structure of press submarine range 29 years.

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ABSTRAK

Kajian teknis ini untuk memprediksi kelelahan dari struktur badan tekan kapal selam berbahan material HY â€“ 80. Karena beban operasional utama yang terjadi pada kapal selam yang bekerja adalah beban hidrostatik akibat sifat operasinya. Beban hidrostatik ini mengakibatkan tegangan utama (principal stress) dimana terjadi saat kapal selam masih dipermukaan dan masuk pada kedalaman operasional dimulai dengan kedalaman Sarat (T) 5,5m ke 50m dan 100m. Peristiwa penyelaman dari permukaan laut sampai kedalaman operasional dan kembali ke permukaan lagi, menyebabkan kapal selam mengalami perubahan beban yang berulang (repeated load) hal ini berkonstribusi cukup besar terhadap kelelahan material struktur tersebut. Perhitungan prediksi kelelahan ini dimulai dengan pemodelan metode elemen hingga (MEH) pada badan tekan yang diasumsikan dengan bentuk yang serupa kapal selam type U-209 dengan bentuk silinder berongga bergading besar (web framed cylindrical hollow structure). Perhitungan kelelahan dilakukan dengan mengaplikasikan aturan akumulasi kerusakan Palgrem â€“ Miner pada S â€“ N curve material HY â€“ 80 berdasarkan data tegangan utama yang diperoleh dari MEH dan faktor keamanan 2,5. Asumsi yang dipakai adalah bahwa kapal selam memiliki 120 hari layar dalam setahun. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa umur kelelahan struktur badan tekan kapal selam berkisar 29 tahun.
Genocide, Revolution, and Starvation under the Khmer Rouge
Authors: Hiebert Maureen S.
Published: December 2017

Food access and food production played a number of roles in the Cambodian genocide and revolution. I argue that these roles were driven by two “logics” of destruction. The first, genocidal logic, saw food access used as a weapon to destroy so-called counterrevolutionary “enemies” defined right from the start as permanently outside of and hostile to the revolution. The second, revolutionary logic, was grounded in two key ideological principles: the insistence that observing the “correct line” and proper “revolutionary consciousness” and “action” could overcome all obstacles to collectivization and communist modernization; and the critical, yet impossible, requirement that all members of the new revolutionary community only act from all and for all while eschewing any form of what the Khmer Rouge decried as “individualism.” These rigidly enforced principles gave rise to a negative feedback loop between the Khmer Rouge's unworkable collectivist agricultural policy, policy failure, and an ever-increasing search for enemies supposedly threatening the survival of the Party and the revolution itself.
The Making of a Fundamental Value
Authors: Rutjes Mart
Published: December 2017

Separation of church and state is one of the key concepts in contemporary
debates in increasingly secular democracies like the Netherlands. It is not
only used to describe the legal and political arrangements between the state
and religious organizations, but is also part of a larger discursive struggle
over national identity and the meaning of citizenship. This article traces the
history of the concept of separation of church and state in the Netherlands
since the eighteenth century. First, it shows how the concept has always been
a contested one. Second, it argues that the current framing of separation of
church and state as a fundamental value of Dutch society is relatively recent
and is connected to growing secularism and the position of Islam in Dutch
society.
Reviews
Authors: Jung Theo , Roiban Cristian , Feindt Gregor , Medzibrodszky Alexandra , Pennanen Henna-Riikka , Björk Anna
Published: December 2017

Ernst Müller and Falko Schmieder, Begriffsgeschichte und historische
Semantik: Ein kritisches Kompendium (Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2016), 1,027 pp.

Jörn Leonhard and Willibald Steinmetz, eds., Semantiken von Arbeit:
Diachrone und vergleichende Perspektive (Cologne: Böhlau Verlag, 2016),
413 pp.

Balázs Trencsényi, Maciej Janowski, Mónika Baár, Maria Falina, and
Michal Kopeček, A History of Modern Political Thought in East Central Europe,
Volume I: Negotiating Modernity in the “Long Nineteenth Century” (Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 2016), 687 pp.

Yasuhiro Matsui, ed., Obshchestvennost’ and Civic Agency in Late Imperial
and Soviet Russia: Interface between State and Society (London: Palgrave
Macmillan, 2015), xi + 234 pp.

Riccardo Bavaj and Martina Steber, eds., Germany and “the West”: The
History of a Modern Concept (New York: Berghahn Books, 2015), 328 pp.

Lauren Banko, The Invention of Palestinian Citizenship, 1918–1947
(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2016), 278 pp.
Three worlds of marriage effects? Gendered marriage earning differences in the United States, Germany, and Sweden
Authors: Geist Claudia
Published: December 2017

Being married is associated with many advantages. However, we do not know enough about the actual impact of entering marriage on individuals’ earnings, especially for women. In this paper, I examine the immediate and the short-term impact of marriage on men’s and women’s earnings in the United States, Germany, and Sweden. Studying the impact of marriage on earnings in three distinct socio-political settings provides insights into the context dependency of the link between marriage and earnings. Fixed effects models show that marriage transitions are not associated with women’s earnings in the United States and Sweden. For German women, I find an earnings penalty for marriage. Once I adjust for selection into employment, I find that employed German women with low employment propensities may experience instantaneous earnings boosts when they enter marriage, but that among women who are more firmly attached to the labor market, there is a short-term marriage penalty. For men in all three countries, I find no effect of marital transitions once employment likelihood is taken into account.

Zusammenfassung

Verheiratet zu sein wird mit vielen Vorteilen in Verbindung gebracht, aber wir wissen nicht genug über den tatsächlichen Effekt des Eheeintritts auf individuelles Einkommen, insbesondere für Frauen. In diesem Beitrag werden die unmittelbaren und kurzfristigen Effekte untersucht, die eine Verehelichung auf die Einkommen von Männern und Frauen in den USA, in Deutschland und in Schweden hat. Die Untersuchung des Einkommenseffekts der Ehe in drei unterschiedlichen sozial-politischen Settings ermöglicht Einsichten in die Kontextabhängigkeit des Zusammenhangs zwischen Heirat und Einkommen. Mit Fixed-Effects-Modellen wird aufgezeigt, dass der Übergang zur Ehe weder in den Vereinigten Staaten noch in Schweden mit dem Einkommen von Frauen zusammenhängt, während deutsche Frauen dadurch Einkommenseinbußen hinnehmen müssen. Kontrolliert man jedoch die Selektionseffekte bei der Aufnahme einer Beschäftigung, so kommt man zu dem Ergebnis, dass erwerbstätige Frauen in Deutschland mit niedriger Beschäftigungsneigung bei Ehe-Eintritt umgehend Einkommenszuwächse erfahren, dass aber Frauen, die stärker in den Arbeitsmarkt eingebunden sind, dann kurzfristig negativ sanktioniert werden. Für die Männer in den drei Ländern kommt es jedoch beim Übergang in die Ehe zu keinen Einkommenseffekten, wenn deren Beschäftigungswahrscheinlichkeit berücksichtigt wird.
Religiosität und Fertilität: Eine empirische Untersuchung des Einflusses von Religiosität auf Elternschaft und Kinderzahl
Authors: Sandmann Tim , Preisner Klaus
Published: December 2017

The effect of religiosity on a) the likelihood to have children, and b) the number of children is analyzed for East- and West-Germany using the Allgemeine Bevölkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften 2012 data and poisson-logit hurdle models. Religiosity is measured with Huber and Huber’s multidimensional concept of centrality. At first, the effect of religiosity on the likelihood to have children and the number of children is analyzed for East and West Germany – showing that religiosity influences fertility only in West Germany. Finally, mediator variables such as value of children, fertility norms, opinion on birth control, traditional gender roles as well as marriage patterns are used to explain why centrality increases fertility in West Germany. The analyses show that religious persons are more likely to have children, in particular because they more often marry. Although the mediator variables show the expected correlations with religiosity and family size, the mediators hardly explain the greater number of children in religious people.

Zusammenfassung

Anhand der Daten der Allgemeinen Bevölkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften von 2012 wird für Ost- und Westdeutschland der Einfluss christlicher Religiosität auf a) die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Elternschaft und b) die Anzahl der Kinder mithilfe von Poisson-Logit-Hurdle-Modellen untersucht. Religiosität wird hierbei anhand des mehrdimensionalen Konzepts der Zentralität nach Huber gemessen. Zunächst wird geprüft, ob Religiosität einen Effekt auf Elternschaft und die realisierte Kinderzahl hat, was nur in Westdeutschland der Fall ist. Schließlich wird untersucht, über welche Mechanismen die vorgefundenen Effekte vermittelt werden, wobei als Mediatoren Kindernutzen, Fertilitätsnormen, Bewertung von Geburtenkontrolle, Geschlechterrollen sowie Eheaffinität berücksichtigt werden. Die Mediationsanalysen für Westdeutschland deuten darauf hin, dass religiöse Personen vor allem aufgrund ihrer stärkeren Präferenz für die Ehe häufiger den Übergang zur Elternschaft vollziehen. Obwohl die Mediatoren die erwarteten Zusammenhänge mit Religiosität und Familiengröße aufweisen, kann die höhere Kinderzahl religiöser Personen kaum mit den verwendeten Mediatoren erklärt werden.
Productivity of Summer Onion to Different Sources and Levels of Potash
Authors: Naher MS , Brahma S , Islam MA , Sarkar MB , Hasan MM , Fahim AHF
Published: December 2017

A field experiment was conducted at the research field of the Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh in the summer season of 2013-2014 to find out the response of summer onion (var. BARI Peaj-3) to different levels and sources of potassium application. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Potassium fertilizer combinations were comprised of four levels (0, 60, 120 and 180kg ha -1) and two potassium sources viz. Potassium Chloride (KCl) and Potassium Sulphate (K2SO4). A significant improvement in different growth and yield parameters of onion was observed in response to different sources and levels of potassium. The results indicated that the maximum plant height, leaves plant-1, length of leaf, length of bulb, diameter of bulb, average bulb weight, number of bulb per m2 and yield of bulbs were obtained from the onion crop which was treated with 120 kg K ha-1 from the Sulphate of Potash (SOP) fertilizer. Among the treatments the highest bulb yield (14.33 t ha-1) was obtained with 120 kg K ha-1 and the lowest (6.92t ha-1) from the control. The highest disease incidents (65.67%) were recorded from the control followed by the plots which were treated with 60 kg K ha-1 (62.28%). The lowest disease incidence (49.22%) was recorded from 180 kgha-1 SOP treated plot. Application of 120 kg K ha-1 from K2SO4 along with a blanket dose of N100P50S20B1.5Zn4 kgha-1 and 5 ton cowdung ha-1 appeared to be the optimum dose for maximizing the bulb yield of summer onion.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2017, 20(1): 37-43
Suitability Evaluation of Crop Manager for Boro Rice Production
Authors: Alam MM , Ali MA , Rahman MA , Hossain MS , Rahman MS
Published: December 2017

The experiment was conducted at a farmer’s field, Nashipur, Dinajpur during the period from January to June, 2014 during the Boro season. There were three fertilizer treatments: F1: Fertilizer Recommended by Farmers Practice (FP), F2: Fertilizer Recommended by Nutrient Management (NM) and F3: Fertilizer Recommended by SRDI. The variety BRRI dhan28 was used as the test crop for the experiment. It may be concluded that nutrient management recommended fertilizer dose performed better than recommended fertilizer dose by SRDI and farmers practiced. So, it may be inferred that increase the crop yield in Boro season farmers could apply N, P, K and S at the rate of 238, 60, 60 and 20 kg ha-1, respectively as nutrient manager compared to that of recommended doze.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2017, 20(1): 57-65
Simultaneous Extraction, Enrichment and Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions Using a Magnetic Aqueous Micellar Two-Phase System
Authors: Wu Shuanggen , Sun Danyu , Wang Chaoyun , Yang Yuanru , Li Fenfang , Tan Zhijian
Published: December 2017

The magnetic aqueous micellar two-phase system (MAMTPS) has the advantages combined of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) and aqueous micellar two-phase system (AMTPS). Thus, MAMTPS based on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 (TX-114) was developed for the extraction, enrichment and removal of three dyes (Congo red, methyl blue, and methyl violet) from aqueous solutions in this study. The MNPs Fe3O4@NH2 was screened as the optimal MNPs benefiting the extraction. Then, the influencing factors of MNPs amount, TX-114 concentration, vibration time, and extraction temperature were investigated in detail. The results showed that the extraction efficiencies of three dyes almost reached 100% using MAMTPS under the optimal conditions; MAMTPS had higher extraction ability than the individual MSPE or AMTPS. Thus, MAMTPS had the advantages of simple operation, high extraction ability, easy recycling of MNPs, and short phase-separation time, which showspotential for use in the extraction and analysis of contaminants from water samples.
Improving Performance of Cold-Chain Insulated Container with Phase Change Material: An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Huang Li , Piontek Udo
Published: December 2017

The cold-chain transportation is an important means to ensure the drug and food safety. An cold-chain insulated container incorporating with Phase Change Material (PCM) has been developed for a temperature-controlled transportation in the range of 2~8 °C. The container configuration and different preconditioning methods have been determined to realize a 72-h transportation under extremely high, extremely low, and alternating temperature conditions. The experimental results showed that the temperature-controlled time was extended from 1 h to more than 80 h and the internal temperature maintained at 4~5 °C by using a PCM with a melting/freezing point of 5 °C, while the container presented a subcooling effect in a range of −1~2 °C when using water as PCM. The experimental values of the temperature-controlled time agreed well with the theoretical values.
An Experimental Study on Nano-Carbon Films as an Anti-Wear Protection for Drilling Tools
Authors: Popescu Camelia , Cristea Daniel , Bita Bogdan , Cristescu Rodica , Craciun Doina , Chioibasu Georgiana , Luculescu Catalin , Paun Irina , Duta Liviu , Popescu Andrei
Published: December 2017

Carbon thin films of 50–100 nm thickness were synthesized by Pulsed Laser Deposition in vacuum at different laser fluences from 2 to 6 J/cm2. The deposited films were characterized by Raman spectroscopy for compositional assessment, scanning electron microscopy for morphology/thickness evaluations, and X-ray reflectivity for density, thickness, and roughness determinations. The films were ~100 nm thin, smooth, droplet-free, made of a-C:H type of diamond-like carbon. The mechanical properties of synthesized films were studied by nanoindentation and adhesion tests. The films that were obtained at low laser fluences (2, 3 J/cm2) had better mechanical properties as compared to those synthesized at higher fluences. The mean values of hardness were around 20 GPa, while the friction coefficient was 0.06. The deposition conditions of carbon thin films that displayed the best mechanical properties were further used to coat commercial drills. Both uncoated and coated drills were tested on plates that were made of three types of steel: Stainless steel 304, general use AISI 572 Gr 65 steel (OL60), and AISI D3 tool steel (C120). All of the drill edges and tips were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopes. The coated samples were clearly found to be more resistant, and displayed less morphological defects than their uncoated counterparts when drilling stainless steel and OL60 plates. In the case of C120 steel, carbon coatings failed because of the high friction between drill and the metal plate resulting in tip edges blunting that occurred during processing.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Gas Absorption, and Separation Properties of a Novel Complex Based on Pr and a Three-Connected Ligand
Authors: Sun Jie , Zhang Minghui , Wang Aiyun , Cai Ziwei
Published: December 2017

A novel Pr complex, constructed from a rigid three-connected H3TMTA and praseodymium(III) ion, has been synthesized in a mixed solvent system and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, a thermogravimetric analysis, an element analysis, and powder X-ray diffraction, which reveals that complex 1 crystallizes in a three-dimensional porous framework. Moreover, the thermal stabilities and the fluorescent and gas adsorption and separation properties of complex 1 were investigated systematically.
Competitive Promoter-Associated Matrix Attachment Region Binding of the Arid3a and Cux1 Transcription Factors
Authors: Kim Dongkyoon , Schmidt Christian , Brown Mark , Tucker Haley
Published: December 2017

Arid3a/Bright/Dril1 is a B cell-specific transactivator that regulates immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene transcription by binding promoter and enhancer-associated matrix attachment regions (MARs) within the IgH gene locus. Promoter MAR-mediated Arid3a transactivation is antagonized by direct competition of MAR binding by Cux1/CDP—a ubiquitously expressed repressor originally termed NF-μNR. We report that the NF-μNR complex includes Arid3a in B cells but not in non-B cells through mobility shift assays. The binding activity of NF-μNR and Arid3a in B cells is reciprocally altered during the cell division cycle and by the B cell mitogen lipopolysaccharide LPS. LPS treatment had no effect on Arid3a localization but increased its total abundance within the nucleus and cytoplasm. We show that this increased level of Arid3a is capable of displacing Cux from the MARs to facilitate IgH gene transcription. Finally, we showed that the MARs (termed Bf150 and Tx125) associated with the VH1 rearranged variable region expressed in the S107 murine plasmacytoma, can repress reporter gene transcription in non-B cells and that they can relieve the repression mediated by Eμ enhancer in B cells. These results have significant implications for early human development and demonstrate that MARs in IgH locus, NF-µNR and Arid3a regulate IgH gene expression in a concerted fashion. This paves the way for future studies examining the misregulation of this pathway in pediatric disease.