bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A fast and parametric digitization for triple-GEM detectors
Authors: Farinelli R. , Alexeev M. , Amoroso A. , Bagnasco S. , Baldini Ferrioli R. , Balossino I. , Bertani M. , Bettoni D. , Bortone A. , Bianchi F. , Calcaterra A. , Cerioni S. , Chai J. , Cheng W. , Chiozzi S. , Cibinetto G. , Cossio F. , Cotta Ramusino A. , Cotto G. , Da Rocha Rolo M. , De Mori F. , Destefanis M. , Evangelisti F. , Fava L. , Felici G. , Gaido L. , Garzia I. , Gatta M. , Giraudo G. , Gramigna S. , Greco M. , Lavezzi L. , Lusso S. , Li H. , Maggiora M. , Malaguti R. , Mangoni A. , Marcello S. , Melchiorri M. , Mezzadri G. , Mignone M. , Pacetti S. , Patteri P. , Passalacqua B. , Rivetti A. , Savrié M. , Sosio S. , Spataro S. , Tskhadadze E. , Yan L. , Wheadon R.J.
Published: July 2020

Triple-GEM detectors are a well known technology in high energy physics. In order to have a complete understanding of their behavior, in parallel with on beam testing, a Monte Carlo code has to be developed to simulate their response to the passage of particles. The software must take into account all the physical processes involved from the primary ionization up to the signal formation, e.g. the avalanche multiplication and the effect of the diffusion on the electrons. In the case of gas detectors, existing software such as Garfield already perform a very detailed simulation but are CPU time consuming. A description of a reliable but faster simulation is presented here: it uses a parametric description of the variables of interest obtained by suitable preliminary Garfield simulations and tuned to the test beam data. It can reproduce the real values of the charge measured by the strip, needed to reconstruct the position with the Charge Centroid method. In addition, particular attention was put to the simulation of the timing information, which permits to apply also the micro-Time Projection Chamber position reconstruction, for the first time on a triple-GEM. A comparison between simulation and experimental values of some sentinel variables in different conditions of magnetic field, high voltage settings and incident angle will be shown.
A new design and performance optimization of bio-inspired flexible protective equipment
Authors: Zhang Chaohui , Rawat Prashant , Liu Peng , Zhu Deju
Published: July 2020

In this study, a new biomimetic design of protective equipment has been proposed. Basically, teleost fish scales combine a two-layered structure, a tough high mineralized bony layer with a relatively soft collagen and fiber-based sublayer arranged in a periodic overlapping design, which offers excellent flexibility and puncture resistance. For the biomimetic design of fish scales, a hard-ceramic layer with an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene based-sublayer is used for the design of protective equipment. Finite element analysis of the bio-inspired protective design and its ballistic performance is done by a commercially available 3D simulation software LS-DYNA. Various design parameters, including the overlapping angle of adjacent scales, frictional coefficient between scales, number of Kevlar layers in the backing layer, ceramic types in the scale are discussed and analyzed to optimize the flexibility aspects of protective equipment. The ballistic performance of newly designed protective equipment with a failure pattern is examined as per the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) standards level III. Results based on experimental outcome and optimized parameters defined the critical performance limit of the protective equipment. Therefore, the results of this research provide valuable information related to ballistic safety equipment for improving the existing designs and/or fabricating innovative protective equipment.
An investigation into the impact of reservoir management Kerala floods 2018: A case study of the Kakki reservoir
Authors: Ryan Ciarán , Trigg Mark A. , Adarsh S
Published: July 2020

The coastal state of Kerala, India experienced unprecedented levels of rainfall and flooding in August 2018, resulting in huge life and property loss. Since then the impact reservoir management may have had on the severity of the 2018 Kerala floods has been in question. This study presents a novel approach to developing a reservoir model using HEC-HMS and HEC-ResSim models, combined with satellite remote sensing data. In order to establish a link between flood severity and reservoir management, a model of the Kakki reservoir in southern Kerala was created. Simulations were carried out for six long term, two short term, and two immediate run cases. It was found that all cases except the immediate simulation run resulted in a reduced peak flow. The long simulation run, which altered the guide curve after the heavy rainfall occurring on 14th August 2018, while constraining the outflow, was found to produce the greatest reduction in peak outflow. The significant peak outflow reduction achieved suggests that improved reservoir management could have reduced the severity of the 2018 floods.
Short-term changes in the surface wave characteristics off Kollam coast
Authors: Sumayya P B , Joseph Anitha , Udayakumar J
Published: July 2020

Study of wave characteristics off the Kollam coast has been carried out to understand the predominant wave representation during the different seasons of a year. This study becomes important since any developmental activities and coastal issues are confined to the coastal processes of the region. One year continuously measured wave data available with INCOIS is used for the present study. The waves during the monsoon are characterized by higher energy waves and intermediate periods with waves approaching from western directions. The pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons are characterized by lower energy waves and shorter periods with the direction being more southwesterly.
Extraction of paracetamol and amoxicillin from synthetic solution using activated carbon
Authors: Azeem Aaliya , Athira S , Bin Zacharia Mohammed
Published: July 2020

The traces of pharmaceutical products present as emerging contaminants in water bodies needs to be extracted since it causes risk to human health and environment, also as these cannot be removed by conventional water treatment processes. The occurrence and fate of pharmaceutical parameters in water bodies in Indian scenario were studied, from which two pharmaceutical parameters, paracetamol and amoxicillin were selected. This paper primarily focuses on the extraction of paracetamol and amoxicillin from its synthetic sample solutions prepared using Activated carbon as the adsorbent. The analysis is done using UV-vis Spectrophotometry and with solutions of different concentration, pH and adsorbent dosages, removal efficiency is calculated in each case. With the optimized pH and concentration of solution, the optimum dosage of activated carbon is determined by comparing its removal efficiencies.
Numerical analysis on flexural behaviour of GFRP sandwich roof panel with multilayer core material
Authors: Manjusha M , Althaf M
Published: July 2020

In this study, the flexural performance of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) sandwich roof panel with multilayer polyurethane foam core was investigated using commercial FEM software ANSYS WORKBENCH. The GFRP sandwich panel is composed of thin GFRP face sheets at top and bottom infilled with Polyurethane (PU) foam core of two different densities. GFRP sandwich panels with different stacking sequences of the multilayer core was considered to determine the best sequence in which the different layers of core material can be laid on top of each other. The optimum panel size was obtained from parametric study conducted with number of GFRP plies and thickness of core as parameters. Alternatively, the flexural behaviour of GFRP sandwich panel with three different web core configurations were also studied, which includes trapezoidal shaped GFRP webs infilled with PU foam (Type 1), rhombus shaped GFRP webs infilled with PU foam (Type 2), and wave shaped GFRP webs infilled with PU foam (Type 3). Based on the finite element analysis, GFRP sandwich panel with Type 3 core configuration (wave shaped GFRP webs infilled with PU foam) with lesser deformation represented a feasible model to be used as a roofing panel for small residential buildings and prefabricated modular constructions.
Seismic performance of fire exposed steel welded WUF-W and RBS connections
Authors: Johnson Jisa , Sarif N
Published: July 2020

Strength properties of structural steel are reduced when exposed to fire above temperature 600°C. A widely used general rule is that if the steel members in the building frame are reasonably straight with no visible distortion after a fire event, it can be reused. If these members are accepted for reuse with minor or no repairs, then the performance of steel members with a high-temperature fire exposure under a future earthquake event should be known. This study investigated the cyclic response of fire exposed steel Welded Unreinforced Flange Web (WUF-W) and Reduced Beam Section (RBS) welded connections. The results showed that fire exposed steel connections are vulnerable to earthquake loading if they are reused with minor or no repairs. When the performance of connections was compared, it was understood that the usage of RBS connection provides high safety, whereas WUF-W connection has the high moment capacity and energy dissipation capacity.
Performance of controlled low strength material made using industrial by-products
Authors: Kumar Singh Vinay , Kumar Das Sarat
Published: July 2020

Controlled low strength materials (CLSM) are the materials which are flowable and self-compacting in nature. These materials are used in various civil engineering applications such as backfill in trenches abutments and retaining walls; void fills in abandoned structures and cavities, conduit bedding, and many more. The strength of these materials is less than 8.3 MPa. CLSM is generally made of Portland cement, fine aggregate, fly ash, and water. Many researchers have studied the performance of CLSM using different industrial by-products such as quarry dust, foundry dust, shredded rubber tire, and many others. In this study, various mix proportion made up of red mud, crusher dust, fly ash, and Portland cement is used to study the engineering properties of CLSM. Considering flow value as one of the important parameters of CLSM, firstly, the amount of water content required for the desired flow value (0.15-0.3 m) was determined. After finding the water contents, each mix proportion was tested for other engineering properties such as unconfined compressive strength, bleeding, density, and durability. The results primarily show that these geomaterials can be used as a CLSM material with further study of its environmental impact on the surrounding soil.
Fracture properties of OPC included ambient cured geopolymer concrete by size effect method
Authors: Sabu N J , Thomas Job
Published: July 2020

This paper presents the details of experimental study on the fracture properties of high strength geopolymer concrete. The geopolymer concrete prepared in this study was cured in ambient temperature. This was achieved by adding small amount of OPC in the mixture. A total of 42 notched beam specimens with varying span to depth ratio (l/d) between 8 and 6 and notch depth to total depth ratio (a0/d) between 0.2 and 0.4 was cast. All beam specimens were tested under three point bending test. The fracture properties, namely, fracture energy (Gf), critical stress intensity factor (KIc), process zone length (cf), and crack tip opening displacement corresponding to peak load (δc) were determined by size effect law (SEL). The results show that the fracture properties of ambient cured geopolymer concrete are comparable with that of ordinary concrete of same strength.
A study on compatibility of superplasticizers with high strength blended cement paste
Authors: Ajay Athira , Ramaswamy K P , Nazeer M
Published: July 2020

Adoption of High-Performance Concrete (HPC) made with low water to binder ratios in practical applications are being encouraged widely for enhanced development of high early strength and durability. The type of superplasticizers incorporated, highly influences the development of HPC. At low water-cement ratio, HPC is made workable by the incorporation of superplasticizers. The wrong proportion of cement and admixture in a mix causes low fluidity, rapid/delayed setting, segregation, bleeding etc. Therefore, it is important to underline the interaction mechanism between cement and superplasticizer for the better utilization of concrete. As more blended cements are used now a day, it is imperative to investigate the compatibility of superplasticizers in such paste systems. In this study, the saturation dosages and compatibility of sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde (SNF) and poly carboxylate ether (PCE) superplasticizers with cement paste prepared from Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) 53 grade, Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) and Slag cement (PSC) for different water-binder (w/b) ratios are analysed using the marsh cone test and mini slump test. As per the result obtained, PSC was found to have higher saturation dosages than OPC and PPC. The optimum dosages for PCE admixture are lower than that for SNF as their mechanism of action are different.
A review of isotache modeling and secondary consolidation behavior of soft clays
Authors: Azad Sahib Amal , Robinson R G
Published: July 2020

Secondary consolidation of soils has gained much importance as a major contributor in the long term settlements of soft clays. In the scenario where constructions on such problematic soils are increasing, accurate prediction of long term settlements is very challenging. This paper reviews the evolution of the secondary compression characteristics from the concept of Cα to the creep isotaches. The generation of the 3 D elastic viscoplastic model from the equivalent time (isotache) approach is also discussed in this paper. This model is an extension of Maxwell’s rheological model. With relevance to Indian soils, the secondary compression characteristics of Kuttanad and Cochin marine clay are also reported in this paper.
Identification of different vehicle-following manoeuvres for heterogeneous weak-lane disciplined traffic condition from vehicle trajectory data
Authors: Madhu Kavitha , Sivanandan R , Srinivasan Karthik K
Published: July 2020

Indian traffic can be considered as mixed and heterogeneous due to the presence of various types of vehicles that operate with weak lane discipline. Consequently, vehicles can position themselves anywhere in the traffic stream depending on availability of gaps. The choice of lateral positioning is an important component in representing and characterising mixed traffic. The present study aims to develop a methodology to extract the trajectory of vehicle for heterogeneous non-lane based traffic condition. To study the movement pattern of vehicle types and to explore the vehicular behaviour and its reaction to different traffic environment, it is essential to extract the trajectory data of vehicles. Therefore, a semi-automated tool using python’s graphical user interface is developed to extract the vehicle trajectory. The field data provides evidence that the trajectory of vehicles in Indian urban roads have significantly varying longitudinal and lateral components and the traffic flow characteristics of each vehicle types vary from one another. Present study analysis the variation in driving behaviour of vehicle with lateral position characteristics. It has been found that the following behaviour of vehicles varies with the lane position and the traffic parameters of each lane differ from each other.
New advances in catalysts for C9 petroleum resin hydrogenation
Authors: Yu Chong , Huang Hui , Li Qianwen , Xu Ruoyi , Tao Shiying , Xiao Xunwen , Luo YunJie , Fang Jianghua
Published: July 2020

C9 petroleum resin is a thermoplastic polymer produced by polymerization of C9 fraction obtaining from the steam cracking unit, and could be catalytic hydrogenated to remove the ethylenic C=C bond, aromatic ring with improved physical properties. The research progress in the efficiency supported nickel or/and palladium catalysts for C9 petroleum resin hydrogenation was illustrated and reviewed, further development was discussed.
Dynamic Analytics of International Port Governance Structure Efficiency: With Comparative Verification Cases of Port Governance in Pearl River Delta
Authors: Fu Ping-ting , Wang Ke , Lee Kun-Fa , Mai Jia-ming , Liu John J
Published: July 2020

The current multi-lateralization of international trade is facing a critical challenge of dynamic assessing and analyzing port governance structural efficiency, especially in the exploration of effective governance structure and analytics method of inter-nation, heterosystem port regions, such as those along “The Belt and Road” regions. In this context, this paper based on Nobel prize-winning economist Williamson - corporate governance structure theory and founded the dedicated degree of "asset" idea, built suitable for state-owned companies - private hybrid system "assets dedicated degree" of the econometric model, and to a large bay area of Guangdong port governance "transaction costs" of the empirical analysis. This study collects relevant data of key ports in the Asia-pacific region and uses them to scientifically test the measurement model and analysis method we built, empirically determines the main measurement dimensions of "port asset specificity", with the measurement degree reaching over 70%. Finally taking Zhuhai port as the key empirical analysis, this paper puts forward the strategy of Zhuhai port: Firstly, based on the state-owned enterprises - private hybrid system of Shenzhen port, Zhuhai port needs to introduce global strategic partners for in- depth cooperation and innovation. Secondly, Zhuhai port should constantly improve the proportion of container business and give full play to the unique advantages of multi-model transport, reducing "port asset specify". Thirdly, Zhuhai port should complementary interaction with other ports in The Greater Bay Area.
The design of multi-energy market trading systems considers the wholesale and retail markets
Authors: Chen Yonghua , Sun Yong , Li Baoju , Yang Dongmei , Liu Dunnan
Published: July 2020

With the development of energy internet construction, the transactions of multi-energy sources in the energy trading market are getting closer and closer. In a single energy market transaction, each energy market only considers the transaction situation of this market, which brings potential losses to energy efficiency. It is urgent to study a market trading system of multi-energy coupling. First of all, this article sorts out the current status of the transaction development of domestic and foreign natural gas, electricity and heat markets. Then, it looks forward to the market trading model of multi-energy sources. Finally, we propose a multi-energy trading system considering the wholesale and retail markets. The energy trading system constructed in this paper can provide a direction for the development of a variety of energy trading in China.
Research and field test of the integrated pipe string of separate layer production and injection
Authors: Shifeng Hu , Xudong Wang , haichao Yang , Xubo Gai , Xueming Lai , Yang Liu , Zuchang Song
Published: July 2020

Imbibition oil recovery is an effective technology for tight reservoir development, the working mode of the well needs to be switched between production and injection, when using imbibition oil recovery. It will leads to some disadvantage of imbibition oil recovery, such as long operation time and high development cost. Therefore, a novel integrated technology of separate layer production and injection has been proposed, which is based on the hydraulic feedback pump and bridge concentric zonal water injection technology. When switching the working mode of the well, it is only necessary to trip in or out the plunger into the cylinder of pump. Until recently, this technology had been applied in 3 wells for field test, 2 injection wells and 1 production well. The test results show that this technology can realize switching the working mode of the well without replacing the pipe string. Besides, it also can meet the requirements of tripping in/out the plunger ϕ50.8mm) or the measuring instrument ϕ42mm). The successful field test of the separate layer production and injection integrated pipe string is very important for changing development method of low-permeability reservoirs from conventional waterflooding to imbibition oil recovery. By using this integrated technology, low permeability reservoirs can be developed economically and effectively.
Technology and Application Effect of 2DVSP and Surface Seismic Joint Exploration in Shale Gas
Authors: Qin Li , Zhang Xiaobing , Yong Jie , Li Jinyi , Luo Kun
Published: July 2020

2DVSP and surface seismic joint exploration technology is a seismic exploration method formed by the combination of surface seismic exploration and in-well VSP logging technology. It realizes the combination of surface seismic and in-well VSP logging. Through simultaneous acquisition and processing, the advantages of these two technologies can be brought into play. This method can improve the interpretation accuracy of seismic profile and provide the basis for the implementation of the structure and reservoir characteristics. The method has been applied to demonstrate the trajectory of shale gas directly into horizontal well and good geological results have been obtained.
A total least squares solution to a 3D coordinate transformation parameters of large Euler angles with closure constrain
Authors: Qin Jian , Guo Jinyun , Xu Xiaofei
Published: July 2020

A new method for calculating three-dimensional (3D) coordinate transformation parameters of large Euler angles with closure constrain is presented. This method obtains the initial value by traditional seven-parameter model. Then we derive the closure constraint condition and linearize it. The constrained total least-squares (CTLS) approach is adopted to obtain corrected values under the closure constraint condition. A practical case study is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of this new model.
The Nonlinear Scattering Characteristics of Sound Waves by a Bubble
Authors: Teng Yuehui , Liu Jue , Zhang Junqing , Wu Yong
Published: July 2020

The scattering characteristics of sound waves by bubbles have been widely applied to ship tracking, wake-homing torpedo and reverberation suppression. To explore the nonlinear scattering characteristics of sound waves by bubbles, the Keller-Miksis equation of bubble vibration was adopted and a numerical solution to the nonlinear equation is presented. Then, the characteristics of nonlinear scattering, including the intensity of the scattered waves, the frequency and radius selection under pulse excitation and the scattered wave duration, are studied. The nonlinear scattered waves by a bubble are too small to be detected when the intensity of the excitation source is small. As the intensity of the excitation source increases, so does that of scattered harmonics by the bubble. If the intensity of the excitation source is further increased to a certain extent, the scattered waves by the bubble occurs dispersion phenomenon, emitting broadband noise. It may be the reason why a broadband noise will be produced by the cavitation of bubbles.
A Turning Contour Maintaining Method of Trajectory Data Compression
Authors: Feng Shihao , Chen Luo , Ma Mengyu , Yang Anran
Published: July 2020

As the dramatical improvement of Global Position System (GPS) sensors in recent years, the research of trajectory dataset has become a hotspot in the field of geographic information systems (GIS). Pretreatment is very important for extracting useful information from massive trajectory dataset. One of key problems is trajectory data compression. Aiming at preserving crucial feature of trajectories while compressing, this paper puts forward a method for compressing trajectory data that combines distance, angle, and velocity while maintaining the contour of the trajectory, especially the turning corners and U-turns in the compressed trajectory and the original trajectory. So, the compressed trajectory can be very useful for trajectory mining and road network update. The new method also shows applicability and stability through experiments on different datasets.
Lidar observations of aerosol enhancement in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere
Authors: Ma Xian , Tu Houwang , Wang Yongxian
Published: July 2020

The upper troposphere and the lower stratosphere (UTLS) are the transition areas between the troposphere and stratosphere. Water vapor, cirrus clouds and aerosols in this area have a strong modulation effect on solar short-wave radiation and earth long-wave radiation. Changes in the content and distribution of aerosols in this level will have a radiant forcing impact on the climate. This article uses the observation data of MPL lidar (micropulse lidar) at SACOL station (Semi-arid Climate and Environment Observation Station of Lanzhou University, 34.946°N, 104.93°E) and ERA-Interim reanalysis data from June to December 2011 to study the changes of stratospheric aerosol over SACOL station after Nabro volcano eruption on June 12, 2011. The result indicates that after the Nabro volcanic eruption, there is an aerosol layer with significantly enhanced scattering ratio over the SACOL station, and the depolarization ratio of particles in the aerosol layer is relatively small, mainly spherical particles; by analyzing the backward trajectory of the stronger aerosol layer, it can be determined that the special aerosol layer was caused by the Nabro volcanic eruption.
Remote sensing image-based wildfire recognition using capsnet for transmission lines
Authors: Zhao Xianping , Gao Zhenyu , Wen Gang
Published: July 2020

Transmission lines are the lifeblood of power grid operation and the lifeline of people's livelihood. Recently, large-scale overhead transmission lines frequently trip due to wildfire, leading to serious threat to security and stability of the power grid and the public’s normal use of electricity. With the application of satellite remote sensing image in the electric power sector, it becomes a reality that using remote sensing image to detect wildfire. Aiming at the characteristics of wildfires that are easily misdetected and missed, this paper proposes a remote sensing image-based wildfire recognition model based on capsule network (capsnet). The proposed architecture is evaluated on remote sensing image datasets from the Himawari- 8 meteorological satellite. The proposed method has been shown to be effective in detecting wildfire in experiments, which is useful for the improvement of resist ability of wildfire for transmission lines.
Mutual grafting affects the selenium uptake of two Solanum photeinocarpum ecotypes
Authors: Liao Renyan , Yang Zhiwei , Pang Jiayan , Huang Kewen
Published: July 2020

The aim of this pot experiment was to determine the grafting affecting the selenium (Se) absorption of twoSolanum photeinocarpumecotypes. TwoS. photeinocarpumecotypes (farmland and mining) were subjected to mutual grafting, and then their Se accumulation characteristics were determined after growth in soil containing Se at 10 mg kg−1. Compared with ungraftedS. photeinocarpum, the combination of the scion (farmland ecotype) and the rootstock (mining ecotype) showed increased root biomass, while the opposite grafting combination showed decreased whole shoot biomass. Mutual grafting also increased the Se content in graftedS. photeinocarpum, and the combination of the scion (farmland ecotype) and the rootstock (mining ecotype) showed the highest values. The e scion (farmland ecotype) and the rootstock (mining ecotype) combination showed increased Se absorption and transportation, but the largest amount of extracted Se was in whole shoots of the ungrafted farmland ecotype. Thus, the ungraftedS. photeinocarpumfarmland ecotype had the best nutritional value in terms of Se content.
Research on the Temporal and Spatial Evolution and Driving Factors of Green Total Factor Productivity in the Construction Industry ——Empirical analysis based on the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2017
Authors: Chen Yajun
Published: July 2020

Promoting the green development of the construction industry is an important measure for China to implement a sustainable strategy. This study is based on the SBM model that considers undesired output, measures the green total factor productivity of the construction industry in 11 provincial administrative regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2017, and further establishes a geographic detector model to explore the driving factors of evolution. The study found that: consider the green total factor productivity of undesired output is always lower than the total factor productivity of which unexpected output is not considered. Among them, the green total factor productivity of the construction industry in Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu is always 1; the level of economic development is always the driving force during the study period. The key factors in the change of green total factor productivity in the construction industry are not independent of each other. Finally, according to the research results, relevant suggestions for improvement are put forward.
Influence of Wind Direction on Fire Spread on the Exposed XPS insulation Wall
Authors: Zheng Lanfang , Zhou Liang , Jia Xiangtao , Li Xiaokang
Published: July 2020

Medium-sized wall fire experiments were carried out using extruded polystyrene (XPS) panels to build an insulation layer to simulate the flame spread over the exterior thermal insulation system during the exposed stage. During the experiments, the influences of the wind direction on the lateral and vertical flame spread speed without fire barrier designs under the wind speed of 2.5m/s were studied quantitatively and qualitatively. According to the experimental results, it is found out the averaged peak lateral flame spread rate increases and the averaged peak vertical flame spread rate decreases when the angle between the wind direction and the wall increases from 0° to 60°. It can be seen from the analysis that the largest average lateral flame spread rate and the largest average vertical flame spread rate also show regular changes at same wind direction. This study results can provide valuable references for optimizing the fire safety design of exterior insulation system.
The situation and research progress of agricultural non-point source pollution in China
Authors: Chuan Limin , Zheng Huaiguo , Wang Ailing , Zhao Jingjuan , Yan Zhihui
Published: July 2020

Agricultural non-point source pollution has become an important factor affecting the quality of water environment, and it is also one of the major environmental problems facing in china. This paper analyzed the current situation of agricultural non-point source pollution, summarized the existing research progress and put forward the development trend and tasks in the field of agricultural non-point source pollution in the future, so as to provide reference for government management and researchers in related fields.
Analysis of Silt Dam System Grade and Joint Regulation in Typical Small Watershed of Loess Plateau
Authors: Sun Weiying , Zhang Pan
Published: July 2020

When a silt dam system is formed, its function of flood detention and erosion reduction is not simply superimposed. The transport and transfer process of sediment between the dams system presents a nonlinear relationship, which we call the grade regulation function of the dam system. In order to study the mechanism of joint action and regulation of flood storage and sediment retention in silt dam systems in small watersheds, the Yulingou small watershed silt dam system in the first sub-region of the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau was taken as the research area. Based on the systematic analysis of different dam levels and different grading ways (series, parallel and mixed), the silt retention and sediment retention effect of silt dams in small watershed of the Loess Plateau is analysed. The spatial distribution model reveals the control relationship between the dam system and channel unit dam on the flood and cement sand in different layers, and clarifies the grade effect of the flood and sediment storage capacity of the small watershed. The results show that the reasonable arrangement of silt dam system in small watershed can effectively extend the service life of main dam, the reasonable arrangement of different types of dam system can extend the service life to different degrees, and the joint application of cascade dam system can realize the internal digestion of flood and sediment.
Design and Application of Dynamic Monitoring Platform about Black and Odorous Water Body
Authors: Ye Long , Yang Shichao , Wu Peihao , Mai Yuebang , Cheng Lihui , Tao Xiaochao , Dang Zhi
Published: July 2020

In order to resolve the problems existing in the traditional regulatory means of black and odorous water body (BOWD), a dynamic monitoring platform about BOWD with two monitoring stations was established based on B/S architecture and 5G wireless technologies under the laboratory conditions. Platform database included monitoring data transmitted online, manual entry data. Data analysis, automatic alarm, public participation and other functions can be implemented based on this database. Users can obtain and publish relevant information in mobile terminal and personal computer terminal with different permissions. The information of BOWD can be showed on the map. This platform can improve the regulatory efficiency and provide scientific basis for rapid decision-making.
Investigation and Analysis on Rural Domestic Sewage Discharge in Key Watersheds
Authors: Wang Yunchen , Lu Xiwu , Cheng Fangkui
Published: July 2020

In order to grasp the latest changes in the quality and quantity of domestic sewage in the Taihu Lake Basin and Chaohu Lake Basin, and to scientifically guide the construction of rural sewage treatment demonstration projects, two typical villages were selected from Taihu Lake Basin and Chaohu Lake Basin respectively for fieldwork continuous monitoring of sewage water quality and quantity. The results show that the typical rural per capita daily drainage in the plain area of the Taihu Lake Basin in summer is 89.4 L·cap−1·d−1, which is significantly higher than that in the typical rural area of the Chaohu Lake Basin (56.5 L·cap−1·d−1). The amount of sewage hourly discharge fluctuated distinctly, and the coefficient of variation of sewage discharge in the two villages ranged from 2.4 to 6.1, showing obvious characteristics of “morning and evening peaks” or “morning, noon and evening peaks”. In addition, the rural sewage water quality in the two places shows the same pattern, and the pollutant concentration of sewage from different sources is significantly different. It was found that the toilet-flush sewage in Wangjiatang village provided 84.42% of TN and 92.94% of NH4
+-N in the total domestic sewage, while toilet-flush sewage in Qianying village provided 74.31% of TN and 84.56% of NH4
+-N in the total domestic. Therefore, when constructing a sewage treatment demonstration project, the ideological principles of sewage classification and treatment from the source should be considered.
Screening of Phosphate-Resolving Bacteria in Rhizosphere of Cold Sunflower and Physiological and Biochemical Study
Authors: Ba Huifen , Jiang Huimin , Shen Penglin , Cao Yajie , Song Yujun , Li Lan
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the experiment is to obtain high-efficiency microbial phosphorus dephosphorization fertilizer, increase the soluble phosphorus content of the soil, and promote plant growth. The phosphorus detoxifying bacteria in sunflower rhizosphere were studied through dilution and coating plate method, molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry, plate culture, physiological and biochemical detection. 10 strains were isolated and purified to form bright rings, D/d value is between 1.10-4.35. The quantitative analysis of the pressure showed that BX2 had the best effect in dissolving phosphorus. The available phosphorus increment was 38.59μg/mL, BX7 had the lowest phosphorus dissolving effect, and the effective phosphorus increase was only 1.77μg/mL. These strains of BX2, BX3, BX5, BX9 and BX10 have excellent phosphorus-dissolving properties, providing necessary conditions for the subsequent development of microbial fertilizer.
Variation and Trend Analysis of Rainfall in Qingshui River Basin of Ningxia in China
Authors: Jiao Peng , Wei Wuyu , Bao Hongzhe
Published: July 2020

The study on the variation law and trend of rainfall characteristics of Qingshui River, a typical tributary of the upper Yellow River in China, is of great significance to reveal the cause of runoff and sediment change in the Yellow River. According to the daily rainfall data on 93 rainfall stations in the Qingshui River Basin from 1958 to 2015, the rainfall characteristics of the basin, such as annual rainfall, flood season rainfall, and main flood season rainfall were calculated. Using time-domain analogy, Mann-Kendall trend and abrupt change point test, coefficient of variation, etc., the variation and trend of rainfall characteristic values in the past 60 years were analyzed. The results showed that the distribution of rainfall during the periods from 1970 to 1979 and 2010 to 2015 was significantly different from other periods. There is no significant trend change in rainfall characteristic values from 1958 to 2015. From 1958 to 2015, the intensity of discrete changes in the rainfall characteristics of different series from small to large is the annual rainfall, flood season rainfall, and main flood season rainfall. The intensity of the discrete changes in main flood season rainfall gradually decreased with time.
Study on soil-water characteristics of unsaturated sericite schist residual soils
Authors: Liu Huan , Lian Xiao-lan , Nie Guang-ying , Zhang Qing-wen
Published: July 2020

The residual soil of Sericite schist softens and becomes loose when encountering water, which is easy to be damaged by wetting. Its engineering properties are obviously affected by water, so it is necessary to study its soil water characteristics. In this paper, the matric suction of Sericite schist residual soil under different dry density is measured by filter paper method. It is found that the change of soil water characteristic curve of Sericite climbing residual soil is not typical “s”, and there is no obvious unsaturated residual section. The main reason is that the residual soil of Sericite schist has sheet structure, easy drainage channel and fast water loss speed, the change of matrix suction is large. Because of its lamellar structure, its water holding capacity is poor, so the unsaturated residual section of its soil water characteristic curve has no obvious change.
MIKE11 Model in Water Quality Research of Songhua River in Jiamusi City
Authors: Chi Jianan , Sun Yanbin , Zhang Yuehua , Wang Xue , Cao Yajie , Li Lan
Published: July 2020

The monitoring data of chemical oxygen demand and NH3-N in the upper and lower sections of Jiamusi City in Songhua River were analyzed, and the law of water quality change in Songhua River in Jiamusi City was explored. Based on the simulation results of MIKE11 model for the water from the interval, the minimum ecological safety distance of the upper and lower reaches of Songhua River in Jiamusi city is predicted. Between the rainy season and the standard water period, the Jiamusi section meets the minimum ecological safety distance between Tangyuan County and there is no minimum safety distance during the dry season. The MIKE11 model has good adaptability to the diffusion simulation of pollutants in the upper and lower reaches of the Songhua River in Jiamusi and can be used as an evaluation basis for analyzing the impact of the water quality of the sewage outlet of the river.
Degradation of Orange II by the Fe0/H2O2 system
Authors: Zhou Jian , Hou Meifang
Published: July 2020

The degradation of Orange II by the Fe0/H2O2 system was examined. The effects of Orange II concentration, H2O2 concentration, Fe0 dosage, initial solution pH value on the degradation of Orange II were investigated. The experimental results showed that Fe0 was exhibited high catalytic activity on the activation of H2O2 for the degradation of Orange II. The reactive hydroxyl radical (·OH) produced in the Fe0/H2O2 system was significant the key for the degradation of Orange II. The mechanism of the degradation of Orange II was discussed by the UV-Vis spectra analysis and determining intermediate products of the reaction solution by LC-MS. It was speculated that in the process of oxidative degradation, Orange II was first dissociated into 4-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo) benzenesulfonate, and then its azo structure was oxidized and destroyed by hydroxyl radicals (·OH). Secondly, the reaction solution faded to produce benzenesulfonate and 1, 2-naphthoquinone, and then 1, 2-naphthoquinone was further oxidized by ·OH to phthalate. Finally, phthalate and benzenesulfonate could be further mineralized into CO2, H2O and SO4
2-.
Effects of Varied Tyrosine Concentrations on FEEM and SFS of Constant Tryptophan concentration
Authors: Zou Tie-Mei , Guo Yan-Wei , Chiu Chun-Yen , Cao Jing-Wen , Lai Wen-Liang
Published: July 2020

In recent years, the 3D fluorescence excitation emission spectrum has been widely applied into the analysis of the properties of soluble organic matter in water bodies, but there is very little research on the fluorescence properties of protein residues in water quality detection by Fluorescence Excitation Emission Matrix (FEEM), and synchronous fluorescence excitation emission spectra (SFS). The characteristics of luminescent of amino acids, including tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine, where tryptophan and tyrosine fluorescence are relatively strongest, and the effects of tyrosine on the fluorescence properties of tryptophan are seldom discussed in different mixing ratios for both amino acids. The fluorescent peak positions and intensities of the three amino acids are related to the angle size of conjugate plane, N hybrids and hydroxyls on benzene rings. When the ratio of tyrosine to tryptophan content is less than 150:100, tryptophan will quench the fluorescent peak of the tyrosine. Constant tryptophan content, tyrosine at excitation wavelength of 228 nm, its concentration changes with the corresponding fluorescence intensity has a good linear relationship; however, at 276-278 nm of tyrosine, the varied concentrations and fluorescence intensities are opposite.
Study on the Amino Acids in different Varieties of Osmanthus Fragrans Using Grey Pattern Recognition and Grey Hierarchical Clustering Analysis
Authors: Zhou Libing
Published: July 2020

The research aimed to comprehensively evaluate 17 kinds of amino acids in different varieties of Osmanthus fragrans. The grey pattern recognition and grey hierarchical clustering analysis methods were used to analyze the data of amino acids and find out the relationship among 17 kinds of themselves including aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, arginine. Combined with MATLAB2013 and SPSS softwares, the gray metrology methods were made on the amino acids of Osmanthus fragrans and the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine. The first gray correlation coefficient factor had greater grey correlation coefficient on the indexes of X1, X2, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X14, X16, X17, and the second gray correlation coefficient factor had greater grey correlation coefficient on the indexes of X4, X15, and the third gray correlation coefficient factor had greater grey correlation coefficient on the index of X3. 17 kinds of amino acids in Osmanthus fragrans in the order were Gold Osmanthus fragrans > Silver Osmanthus fragrans > the Four Seasons Osmanthus fragrans > Dan Osmanthus fragrans. Based on grey pattern recognition and grey hierarchical clustering analysis, a recognition model for evaluating traditional Chinese medicine quality was constructed. These studies provided the scientific base and theoretical foundation for the future large-scale rational relation development of Osmanthus fragrans resources as well as the relationship between the amino acids and traditional Chinese medicine efficacy for the human.
Study on Temperature Distribution Characteristics of Condensate in Marine Condenser
Authors: Wu Hao , Hou Yingzhe , Li Zhong
Published: July 2020

According to the structure and working principle of the marine condenser, the fluent computing platform is used to establish the numerical model of the flow field related to the condenser, and the simulation results are analysed. The corresponding arrangement scheme of condensate temperature measuring points is proposed to be applied to the practical engineering problems of condensate supercooling control of the condenser, so as to improve the economy and safety of steam turbine unit operation.
Study on the properties of different biochar to cement paste
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyu , Li Binyu , Li jin , Guo Jianhua
Published: July 2020

in order to explore the effect of biochar on cement properties, wheat straw biochar (WS) and rice straw biochar (RS) were pyrolyzed at 300 °C, 500 °C and 700 °C to replace cement with 1% and 2%, and their compressive strength and thermal conductivity were measured. The results showed that the compressive strength of the cement block with biochar increased significantly at 500 °C and 1% cracking temperature, and the compressive strength of the two biochar increased by 31% and 29% respectively The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of two kinds of biochar are decreased, and the thermal insulation performance is improved. The thermal conductivity of rice biochar at 700 °C was the lowest with 2%, and the thermal diffusivity of wheat biochar at 700 °C was the lowest with 2%. It provides a new way to predict the thermal properties of cement-based materials with low thermal conductivity. At the same time, these properties and laws of biochar can also be applied to cement processing, cement thermal conductivity research, material preparation and other practical applications, in order to create better social, economic and ecological benefits.
Method for the Determination of Decomposition Products in New Eco-friendly CF3I-N2 Mixture
Authors: Tang Feng , Lv Qishen , Xiang Zhen , Yu Guang , Fang Hua
Published: July 2020

During the operation of GIS, any fault of GIS may cause partial discharge; when the new eco-friendly CF3I-N2 mixture is applied to GIS, it will also decompose under discharge conditions; at present, there are some researches on the decomposition products of CF3I gas at home and abroad; under DC voltage, CF3I-N2 mixture will discharge to produce by-products mainly including C2F6 and C2F5I; we can infer the running state of the equipment by determining the content of these impurities, while the determination method for this gas is still blank; this paper proposes a gas chromatography scheme through experimental research, and a chromatographic column and chromatographic operating condition optimization experiment was carried out to establish a chromatographic method for the determination of impurities in CF3I-N2 mixture.