bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MICROBIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS AND IMPORTANCE OF INFECTIONS CAUSED BY INFLENZAE – А VIRUS
Authors: Cvetanovska Zivadinka , Taleski Vaso
Published: December 2021

Influenza is one of the commonest acute viral respiratory infections with a great potential for spreading as an epidemic or pandemic appearance. Until 2009 relevant data about types and subtypes of influenza viruses circulated in Republic of Macedonia, did not exist. Since pandemic in 2009, molecular method RT-PCR was introduced real time detection of types and subtypes of influenza viruses, which enabled continuously and accurate follow up. Flu differ in types and subtypes presence in each new season, with great influence on number of patients and deaths caused by influenza viral infections. In season 2009/2010 - type Influenza A dominated, subtype A (H1N1) pdm. Total number of 54.343 cases were registered and 30 deaths. In season 2010/2011 – co-circulated types of Influenza A and Influenza B, with small domination of subtype A (H1N1) pdm. Total number of 27.635 cases were registered and 17 deaths. In season 2011/2012 - dominant was type Influenza A, subtype A (H3N2). Total number of 9.732 cases were registered and only one case of death. In season 2012/2013 - co-circulated types of Influenza A and Influenza B, with domination of subtype A (H1N1) pdm. Total number of 24.524 were registered, no deaths. In season 2013/2014 - co-circulated types of Influenza A and Influenza B, with domination of subtype A (H3N2). Total number of 29.074 were registered and 12 deaths. In season 2014/2015 - dominant was type Influenza B, and also Influenza A subtype A(H3N2) circulated. Total number of reported cases was 33.228, no deaths. In season 2015/2016 - Influenza A, subtype A(H1N1) pdm was dominant. During same period, type Influenza B, subtype Victoria was detected as well. Total number of reported cases was 29.094 and 2 deaths. In season 2016/2017 - type Influenza A, subtype A/H3, was dominant. Total number of reported cases was 35.079 and 2 deaths. In season 2017/2018 година – simultaneously circulation of types Influenza А and Influenza B, with domination of lineage B/Yamagata. Total number of 23.954 cases were registered, no deaths. In season 2018/2019 - highest number of cases were caused by type Influenza A subtype A(H1) pdm, in co-circulation with Influenza А(H3). Total number of reported cases was 21.404 and 29 deaths, that present the highest number of deaths in correlation with number of diseased.
SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH TENSION HEADACHE IN MUNICIPALITY OF VELES
Authors: Manchevska Elena , Krstev Toshe , Panova Gordana
Published: December 2021

Introduction:рrimary headaches are among the most common neurological disorders in the population, and tension-type headache is one of the most significant primary headache. Tension headache is also one of the most neglected types of headache, and its chronic form is one of the most difficult to treat.
The purpose of this paper is to obtain knowledge about the socio-demographic characteristics of patients with tension headache, the history and different aspects of the tension headache, as well as, to obtain knowledge about the relationship betweet kinesitherapy, as a non-pharmacological method for treating and controlling the pain, and certain aspects of the tension headache.
Мaterials and methods:the sample consists of 101 respondents, i.e., patients with tension headache who has sought medical help in primary health care in Veles. Data was collected by using a questionnaire for the socio-demographic characteristics of patients, history and characteristics of the headache and use of kinesitherapy as a part of its treatment.
Results:,According to the sex, 60 of the patients or 59.4% were women, and 41 patients, ie, 40.6% of men. Regarding the age structure, it has been shown that most patients (34 patients or 33.7%) with tension headache are at the age of 30-39, and the smallest number of patients are under the age of 19 years (3 patients or 2,9%). Until the 30th year the tension headache shows a tendency of increase, after 40 years there is a tendency of declining the presence of tension headache. According to the place of living, 72.3% of the patients surveyed live in urban and 27.7% in the rural area. As for the labor relation and the occupation of patients with tension headache, the results showed that the same is for the most part (61 patients or 60.4%) in employed persons, then (28, ie, 27.8%) in the unemployed persons. The retired (10 patients or 9.9%) and students, ie students (only 2 patients, ie 1.9%) is represented in a much lower percentage. The duration of the pain in most patients is 4-24 hours and is interrupted by taking analgesics.
Discussion:The results have shown that there is a small number of patients who use kinesitherapy in treating tension headache, but those who use kinesitherapy methods, according to the obtained results, have rare headaches, less pain duration and lower intensity of the pain.
Conclusion These results are consistent with the results of other research on the positive effects of kinesitherapy on treatment, control and prophylaxis of tension headache. We think that patients should be educated about the positive effects of physical activity and be an integral part of everyday life. Family physicians should more often point patients on the importance and impact of kinesitherapy on their condition. We recommend to our patients a kinesitherapy program as a means of better pain control, but also as a corrective agent for better posture, which prevents the occurrence of relapse
STUDY ON ACCESSIBILITY TO MEDICAL CARE IN BULGARIA – PATIENT’S OPINION
Authors: Mineva Darina
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The current perception of accessibility to medical care implies a link between accessibility to medical care and quality of life, and focuses on studying patient opinion and assessing accessibility of medical care. The aim of the article is to investigate how patients understand access to medical care through their perception (expectations and attitudes) and what their assessment of access (perceptions of hospital presentation) in the particular situation of using a medical service, hospitalization, through their perception of access. Methods: Direct Anonymous Study of Hospitalized Patients. One component of the Hospital's offer - "Organizing and Internal Order - Accessibility to Allow Hospital Visitation", is assessed in two aspects: from the point of view of patients' accessibility to medical care, which is reflected in the importance and expectations of access and from the point of view of patient assessment for performance through medical service, hospitalization, access, expressed as presentation, performance or perception. Data are processed through a "Cross tabulation analysis" with a Chi-square test". Results: There is a statistically significant correlation between patient perceptions of access and assessment in medical service delivery, as well as a discrepancy between perceived accessibility and assessment of receiving this group of care A - lower expectations, more satisfaction, and group B - higher expectations for less satisfaction. Discussion: The Gap model to measure consumer satisfaction, is used The difference between consumer expectations and consumer experience Individual needs are met with content from the elements of quality of life: employment, well-being, education, dimension and use of leisure and social activity, health. Conclusions: Discrepancy between patient understanding of accessibility to medical care and their assessment is mainly due to the degree of satisfaction of their individual needs in the context of quality of life. The relationship between patients' perceptions and expectations is due to the "individual needs" factor, and their level determines the well-being of the person, which implies that the nature of the "presentation of significance" is of a socio-psychological nature. nature. A modified version of the "Gap" model was prepared, which was applied in the study, adding the new content - the quality of life in the "Individual Needs" section.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TRAINING AND EDUCATION IN ACCURATE EVALUATION OF NATURAL TOOTH COLOR
Authors: Zarkоva Julija , Nacevski Ivan , Коrunоvska Stefkоvska Vesna
Published: December 2021

Color is undoubtedly one of the parameters with the highest weight when it comes to assessing the quality of restoration by the patient, especially in the anterior zone of the oral cavity. By precisely matching the restoration color with the remaining teeth, the possibility of inconvenience such as a correction or re-making of the same restoration is minimized. Since determining tooth color in everyday practice is done visually by using specially made color selection shade guides, unawareness of the correct method and the conditions under which it should be administered may increase the failure of the therapy.
The aim of our research was to determine whether education and training in determining tooth color influence the choice of precise and correct shade.
The study included a total of (N = 90)dental medicine students who were first tested with the Ishihara color vision test and Farnsworth-Munsell 100 HueColor Vision test to exclude the possibility of an error due to the presence of a color vision anomaly of the eye. We have formed two groups with an equal number of respondents, work and control group. Both groups were tested twice with a special color coding program ToothGuideTrainer WEB-final exam, which uses VITA Linearguide 3D-MASTER® shade guide. During the testing, the working group went through education, in the form of lectures, exercises and training tests for determining the color. The control group did not attend the training. The results from both tests were electronically counted. Mean value and standard deviation were determined. Differences between the work and control group were analyzed with t-test.
The workgroup showed statistically significant higher points after education and training than the control group. The points earned before training did not differ significantly between the two groups.
The education and training for shade matching in dentistry significantly affect the success of selecting the perfect color for future restoration. It is necessary to include more intensive training in determining color within the program of dental medicine studies. The conditions in which the tooth color matching is performed should be strictly controlled.
THE INFLUENCE OF HYPERPROLACТINEMIA ON THE LEVEL OF FSH AND LH IN WOMEN
Authors: Spasov Mire , Spasova Verica
Published: December 2021

Prolactin as a hormone secreted by lactotrophs of the adenocyphosis primarily affects lactation in mammals, that is, on the production of milk (lactogenesis), the development and branching of the milk channels (mamogenesis) and the removal of milk through the nipples (galactopoezis). Other significant biological effects of prolactin include maintaining the internal homeostasis of the organism acting as an osmoregulatory hormone, as an luteotrophic hormone and has an immunological role in the body. Excretion of prolactin is regulated by the action of prolactin stimulating and prolactin inhibiting factors of the hypothalamus. By maintaining a balance in the excretion of these factors, the level of concentration of prolactin in the serum is in normal reference values. Disturbance in the excretion of dopamine as the strongest prolactin secretion inhibitor increases the level of prolactin, a condition known as hyperprolactinaemia, in which all hormones important for the normal menstrual cycle are inhibited, leading to reduced production of ovarian follicles and ovarian steroids, anovulation and sterility in women.
The purpose of this study was to determine the level of prolactin in a group of patients with established hyperprolactinaemia in relation to the control group of patients and determining the level of gonadotrophic hormones FSH and LH in hyperprolactinemic patients in relation to the control group. The aim was also to see the effect of Bromergon or Dostinex in hyperprolactinemic patients on the level of FSH and LH after receiving the therapy. Patients aged 25 to 35 years with pre-diagnosed hyperprolactinaemia were examined. Prolactin, FSH and LH were examined from the parameters. Patients were divided into three groups, a control group of patients, a group of patients with diagnosed hyperprolactinaemia, and a group of patients treated with Bromergon or Dostinex.
From the results obtained, it became clear that in the control group of patients, the levels of prolactin, FSH and LH were in normal reference values. In the hyperprolactinemic patients, prolactin has been significantly increased, but after the dose of Dostinex or Bromergon in the treated group, the level of prolactin significantly decreases to values close to the control group. It was noted that the concentration of FSH in hyperprolactinemic patients was lower in relation to the concentration of FSH in the control group, and the serum FSH level in patients treated with antiprolactin therapy was increased to a level higher than the concentration of FSH in the control group.The level of LH in the serum from hyperprolactinemic patients is less than LH level in the control group, but to a lesser extent compared to the level of FSH under the same conditions. In the treatment of patients with antiprolactin therapy there is an increase in serum concentrations of LH with values significantly higher than the control group.
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN TRANSPORT NEEDS KRAKSAAN IN PROBOLINGGO DISTRICT
Authors: Rifky Aldila Primasworo
Published: December 2021

Angkutan umum perkotaan merupakan bagian dari sistem transportasi perkotaan yang memegang peranan sangat penting dalam mendukung mobilitas masyarakat. Peranan tersebut menjadikan angkutan umum perkotaan sebagai aspek yang sangat strategis dan diharapkan mampu mengakomodir seluruh kegiatan masyarakat. Kawasan Perkotaan Kraksaan merupakan Ibukota Kabupaten Probolinggo yang menjadi pusat kegiatan wilayah, baik pusat pemerintahan, pusat perdagangan, dan berbagai kegiatan ekonomi lainnya. Tujuan daru penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui potensi bangkitan dan tarikan (penumpang) terhadap kebutuhan akan angkutan umum perkotaan, mengidentifikasi rencana jaringan rute trayek untuk angkutan umum perkotaan, mengidentifikasi potensi lokasi fasilitas penunjang angkutan umum perkotaan dan arahan terhadap kinerja operasional angkutan umum perkotaan.

Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan perencanaan, pendekatan kebijakan terkait perkembangan sarana transportasi, pendekatan kewilayahan, pendekatan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan ekonomi wilayah. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis karakteristik penumpang, analisis bangkitan tarikan perjalanan, analisis distribusi perjalanan, analisis kinerja operasional angkutan umum, evaluasi pelayanan angkutan umum dan Analisis SWOT.

Hasil dari penelitian tersebut adalah karakteristik sebanyak 71% masyarakat menyatakan mau kemauan untuk berpindah moda dan 29% sisanya tidak bersedia. tarikan pergerakan paling besar berdasarkan jumlah sarananya yaitu berada di Kelurahan Patokan, Kelurahan Kraksaan Wetan dan Kelurahan Semampir. Zona eksternal masyarakat berasal dari luar Kecamatan Kraksaan, yaitu Kecamatan Dringu, Kecamatan Pajarakan, Kecamatan Tegal Siwalan, Kecamatan Gending dan Kecamatan Banyuanyar. Pembagian Zona berdasarkan rencana rute angkutan umum perkotaan di Kawasan Perkotaan Kecamatan Kraksaan terbagi menjadi dua zona yaitu zona utara dan zona selatan. Berdasarkan hasil SWOT diperoleh hasil identifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi kinerja angkutan umum di Perkotaan Kraksaan
Pemikiran Mulla Shadra dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Filsafat Kontemprorer
Authors: Salam Andi Muhammad Ikbal , Usri Usri
Published: December 2021

Mulla Shadra sendiri sudah mengembangkan sistem filsafat yang baru di mana mengintegrasikan berbagai disiplin keilmuan yang berdampak pada peradaban Islam. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan konsep pemikiran Mulla Shadra dalam mempengaruhi filsafat kontemporer. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kepustakaan dengan mengkaji kehidupan diri Mulla Shadra. Hasil studi ini mengungkapkan bahwa bangunan pemikiran yang berhasil dibangun oleh Mulla Shadra melalui sintesis pemikiran yang dia lakukan memberi pengaruh besar terhadap perkembangan filsafat di Persia, India, serta Irak. Mulla Shadra berhasil menyempurnakan bangunan filsafat Islam yang sebelumnya telah dibangun oleh para filosof pendahulu melalui integrasi pemikiran yang nantinya lebih dikenal dengan sebutan aliran hikmah al-Muta’aliyah.
Challenges of gated myocardial perfusion SPECT processing
Authors: Ploskikh Victor , Kotina Elena
Published: December 2021

The paper provides an in-depth look at gated myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) data processing. Attention paid to several unmentioned subjects of the quantitative analysis of gated myocardial perfusion SPECT data. The article considers several options in the construction process of the ellipsoid coordinate system of the left ventricle (LV). Mathematical representation of polar maps is given. Formulas of the regional parameters calculation are proposed. Issues of phase analysis are explored.
La “Muerte Cercana” de Efraín Miranda Lujan desde la perspectiva del análisis del discurso poético
Authors: Mamani Erika , Quispe Luz , Coila Nélida
Published: December 2021

The objective was to demonstrate the meaning of death in the poem "Near Death" by Efraín Miranda. The applied method was hermeneutics, based on description and reflection, the contributions of phenomenology, structuralism, and the study of signs were taken into account. The interpretation technique was the discourse analysis in its dimensions: textual, semiotic, enunciative, and pragmatic. In the poem "Near Death" the author's suffering due to illness was evidenced.
Factores socioeconómicos que influyen en la morosidad en una pequeña cooperativa de ahorro y crédito durante la pandemia del COVID -19
Authors: Mamani Luis , Quilla Yolanda , Portillo Hilda , Sánchez Jorge , Lupaca Yamany , Cusilayme Helfer
Published: December 2021

The research objective was to explain the socioeconomic factors that influence the delinquency of a savings and credit cooperative dedicated to attracting income through savings, fixed-term deposits, and disbursements by granting individual credits. This is the last matter of analysis. The research is of a quantitative correlational type, applied to 120 partners in defaulting conditions. The results of the analysis of socioeconomic factors indicate that there is a highly significant relationship with delinquency, with a Pearson coefficient of 0.519. Therefore, it is concluded that due to the national and international economic crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, the partners failed to comply with the payment of the obligations contracted with the institution. For this reason, the advisers and promoters must consider these risks when evaluating the credits to ensure the return of the credits granted.
Análisis de las principales variables macroeconómicas que influyen en la exportación del oro en el Perú, periodo 2000 -2015
Authors: Pacompia Eliazar
Published: December 2021

An analysis of the main macroeconomic variables that influence gold exports in Peru, period 2000 - 2015. Likewise, it seeks to determine the elasticities of gold exports against the variations of the main macroeconomic variables that influence gold exports. The Pesaran cointegration econometric model was used. It was found that the elasticities of gold exports against the Gross Domestic Product are 5.04%, 0.82%, and 6.99% for Switzerland, Canada, and the United States, respectively. Furthermore, the terms of trade have had a significant impact on the central destination countries. For example, being cheerful and elastic for the Swiss and United States markets with 0.004% and 0.03% respectively, and negative for the Canadian market with -1.09%. These results can be used to improve the economic policies of international trade for the exporting companies of mining products in the country.
Rola dziadków w życiu dziecka z zaburzeniem ze spektrum autyzmu
Authors: Wojciechowska Aneta
Published: December 2021

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest próba znalezienia odpowiedzi na pytanie, jaka jest rola dziadków w rozwoju, wychowaniu oraz w opiece nad dzieckiem z ASD, a także jakie są sposoby wspierania dziadków w podejmowanych przez nich rolach. PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problem badawczy został sformułowany w formie pytań: 1) Jakie role podejmują dziadkowie dziecka z ASD? 2) Czy i jakiego wsparcia potrzebują dziadkowie w pełnieniu roli babci/dziadka? 3) W jaki sposób dziadkowie mogliby wspierać rozwój wnuka/ wnuczki z ASD? W pracy zastosowano metodę analizy literatury przedmiotu. PROCES WYWODU: Punktem wyjścia artykułu jest wskazanie objawów zaburzenia ze spektrum autyzmu, następnie przegląd literatury dotyczącej roli dziadków w życia dziecka. Następna cześć dotyczy przeglądu badań nad dziadkami dzieci z ASD. Ostatnia część dotyczy wskazania, w jaki sposób dziadkowie mogą uczestniczyć w życiu wnuka/wnuczki z ASD, w jaki sposób mogą wspierać jego rozwój, współuczestniczyć w wychowaniu i opiece. WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika przede wszystkim brak do‑ statecznej ilości badań i analiz dotyczących dziadków dziecka z ASD, a dalej wskazują one trudności w zrozumieniu zachowań i funkcjonowania dziecka z ASD przez dziadków oraz trudności w odgrywaniu roli babci/dziadka wnuka/wnuczki z ASD. WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: W świetle przeprowadzonych analiz należy zwrócić uwagę na potrzebę prowadzenia badań nad dziadkami dzieci z ASD, a także na podjęcie działań ukierunkowanych na wspieranie seniorów w odgrywaniu roli babci/dziadka dziecka z ASD.
Editorial: Daily life during a pandemic
Authors: Rostek Irmina
Published: December 2021

The first two issues of the Education Horizons, published in 2021, reflect on how the epi‑ demiological situation in Poland and in the world contributed to significant transformations in the area of education, care and upbringing. However, the range of influence of the new context of functioning is much greater – it has left its mark on almost all spheres of our lives. Persistent beliefs, emotions and behaviours have changed and are still being changed. The way of perceiving and experiencing everyday challenges posed by dy‑ namically changing circumstances has also been changing, as well.
GASTRIN IN SERUM AND MORPHOLOGICAL STATE OF GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC POLYPOSIS
Authors:   Shymkent Medical Institute of the Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Tazhimuradov Ryskhan , Saranova Maria , Madalihodjayev Rustam ,   Surgical Division, South Kazakhstan Regional Oncology Dispensary, Shymkent, Kazakhstan,   Meir Private Clinic, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Published: December 2021

Objective. Numerous studies regarding gastric hormones and their regulation have been performed until now. However, the effect of the hormones on the formation and malignisation of gastric polyps still remains not clear. Our aim was to identify the relation between the level of gastrin in the blood, gastric mucosa, polyp tissue, gastric juice and pathogenesis of gastric polyposis. Materials and methods. A thorough investigation of gastrointestinal hormones in serum and gastric juice, in polyp’s tissue and mucosa, gastrin-secreting cells and proteolytic activity of gastric juice was carried out in 40 patients with gastric polyps. These patients were divided into groups, depending on the location, number, and malignancy of the polyps. As a control group, 10 healthy individuals were used to determine the normal values of the studied indicators. Results: A significant increase (more than two times) in the gastrinemia level before the surgery was noted in patients with polyp recurrence, and gastrin level increased to more significant digits of 227.0+37.4 pg/ml (p<0.05) in one year after polypectomy. Conclusion. Gastrin is apparently involved in the process of polyp formation since polyp’s growth is accompanied by elevation of serum gastrin. This is confirmed by a response of gastrin in the blood to a test meal in individuals with different duration of the disease: a marked increase in gastrinemia appears in patients suffering from gastric polyposis for more than three years. Therefore, evaluation of gastrin level in the patients’ blood can be used to predict a recurrence potential of polyps. This is evidenced by more pronounced hypergastrinemia before polypectomy in patients who had a further recurrence of the disease within one year after the surgery
Effect of temperature and pre-annealing on the potential-induced degradation of silicon heterojunction photovoltaic modules
Authors: Xu Jiaming , Thi Cam Tu Huynh , Masuda Atsushi , Ohdaira Keisuke
Published: December 2021

We investigate the effect of temperature and pre-annealing on the potential-induced degradation (PID) of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) photovoltaic (PV) modules. SHJ PV modules show a faster decrease in short-circuit current density (J
sc) at higher temperatures during PID tests. We also observe a complex relationship between the degree of the J
sc decrease and temperature during the PID tests. Pre-annealing before the PID tests at sufficiently high temperatures leads to the complete suppression of the PID of SHJ PV modules. The decrease in J
sc is known to be due to the chemical reduction of indium (In) in transparent conductive oxide (TCO) films in SHJ cells, in which water (H2O) in SHJ modules is involved. These indicate that H2O may out-diffuse from the SHJ PV modules during a PID test or pre-annealing at sufficiently high temperatures, by which the chemical reduction of indium in TCO to metallic In is suppressed.
Inactivation of damping-like torque in Tb-Gd-Fe film on Ta layer
Authors: Kurokawa Yuichiro , Itoh Masahiro , Wakae Masakazu , Fujimoto Masahiro , Kamihoki Uraku , Yuasa Hiromi
Published: December 2021

Recently, bulk spin–orbit torques (SOTs) in transition metal-rare earth (TM-RE) ferrimagnets have been reported. In this study, to investigate bulk SOTs, we observed the current-induced effective field mediated by a damping-like torque (DLT), which is one of the components of SOTs, using TM-RE ferrimagnetic Tb
x
(Gd32Fe68)100-x
films with a Ta layer. The DLT efficiency

ξ

DL

was inactivated by increasing the Tb composition x to be greater than 8, suggesting that the DLT was induced by the bulk SOTs of Tb
x
(Gd32Fe68)100-x
as well as the spin Hall effect in the Ta. However, from the DLT measurement using a Tb8(Gd32Fe68)92 layer sandwiched between Ru layers, where Ru has a negligibly small DLT,

ξ

DL

was almost zero. This indicates that the inactivation of DLT cannot simply be explained by the bulk SOTs of Tb
x
(Gd32Fe68)100-x
. However, we expect that this finding will provide meaningful insights for controlling magnetization using current.
Structural stability and optical properties of tin-based iodide perovskite
Authors: Ide A. , Iikubo S. , Yamamoto K. , Shen Q. , Yoshino K. , Minemoto T. , Hayase S.
Published: December 2021

In this study, we investigated the optical properties, band gap, dielectric function and absorption coefficient of Sn-based perovskites, which are considered as potential candidates for Pb-free perovskite solar cells. In addition, the quantum efficiency of the perovskite solar cell was investigated, and the values were compared with the experimental values. Furthermore, as an element that suppresses Sn vacancy formation, we focused on the B site of MASnI3 and investigated the vacancy formation energy by substituting various elements. The absorption coefficient was calculated to investigate the effects on the optical characteristics of an additive element that suppresses Sn vacancies.
Barrier properties and current conduction mechanism for metal contacts to lightly and highly doped p-type 4H-SiC
Authors: Huang Lingqin , Ma Yue , Pan Sumin , Zhu Jing , Gu Xiaogang
Published: December 2021

The barrier properties of Ti, Ni and Pt contact to lightly (9 × 1016 cm−3) and highly (9 × 1018 cm−3) doped p-type 4H-SiC were investigated. It is found that the barrier heights and ideality factors estimated from the thermionic emission model for the lightly doped samples are non-ideal and abnormally temperature dependent. The anomalies have been successfully explained in terms of both the pinch-off model and the Gaussian distribution of inhomogeneous barrier heights. In addition, the evaluated homogeneous barrier heights are reasonably close to the average barrier heights from capacitance–voltage measurements. For the highly doped samples, thermionic field emission (TFE) is found to be the dominant carrier transport mechanism. The barrier heights estimated from the TFE model are temperature independent. If the barrier inhomogeneities and tunneling effects are considered, the experimental results of the samples are in well agreement with the theoretical calculations.
Low-temperature formation of Mg/n-type 4H-SiC ohmic contacts with atomically flat interface by lowering of Schottky barrier height
Authors: Doi Takuma , Shibayama Shigehisa , Sakashita Mitsuo , Kojima Kazutoshi , Shimizu Mitsuaki , Nakatsuka Osamu
Published: December 2021

To obtain an ohmic contact with a flat interface using a low-temperature process, we investigated the behavior of Schottky barrier height (SBH) at the Mg/n-type 4H-SiC interface to low-temperature annealing. Our results revealed that annealing at 200 °C reduced SBH; a low SBH of 0.28 eV was obtained on the lightly doped substrate. Atomic force microscopy measurements revealed negligible increase in the surface roughness after Mg deposition and annealing. Using the low-temperature process, a contact resistivity of 6.5 × 10−5 Ω·cm2 was obtained on the heavily doped substrate, which is comparable to Ni/4H-SiC subjected to annealing of above 950 °C.
Silicoproteinosis aguda
Authors: Palma Maynor , Morales Carlos , Contreras Edgar , De-León Juan
Published: December 2021

La silicosis pulmonar es producida por inhalación continua de sílice, uno de los compuestos químicos más abundantes en la tierra y las rocas. Esta enfermedad es común en personas que trabajan en minas y con materiales de construcción. Actualmente, ha tomado auge por las formas agudas y aceleradas que otorgan mal pronóstico debido a la afectación pulmonar importante que causan. Presentamos el caso de un hombre con silicoproteinosis aguda.
ReLI: Real-Time Lightweight Byzantine Consensus in Low-Power IoT-Systems
Authors: Goyal Himanshu , Kausik H Manish , Saha Sudipta
Published: December 2021

IoT/WSN assisted smart-systems are making our living easier and more comfortable in various aspects. However, there is always a chance of malfunctioning in such massive decentralized systems in crucial moments because of one or more components of the system getting compromised. For instance, monitoring systems installed to watch the status of a bridge may unknowingly suppress the recent deterioration in the status because of some compromised sensing devices. Byzantine fault tolerance support is highly essential in combating the presence of such smart devices with malicious intentions. However, existing solutions for consensus or data aggregation in IoT/WSN systems either assume non-Byzantine node failures or use only simulation/theoretical models to address the existence of Byzantine nodes. Theoretically, a decentralized system can effectively tolerate Byzantine characteristics of up to a certain fraction of the nodes. However, to achieve even that, the nodes need to interact extensively and share data with each other which makes it challenging for such solutions to get practically realized and produce outcomes in real-time, especially in resource-constrained IoT systems. In this work, we adopt Synchronous-Transmission based mechanisms and propose a framework ReLI to efficiently achieve Byzantine consensus in low-power IoT systems. We show that ReLI can operate up to 80% faster and consume up to 78% lesser radio-on time compared to the traditional implementation of the strategy in a publicly available IoT/WSN testbed containing 45 nodes.
Developing a macroscopic model based on fuzzy cognitive map for road traffic flow simulation
Authors: Amini Mehran , Hatwágner Miklós F. , Mikulai Gergely , Kóczy László T.
Published: December 2021

Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) have been broadly employed to analyze complex and decidedly uncertain systems in modeling, forecasting, decision making, etc. Road traffic flow is also notoriously known as a highly uncertain nonlinear and complex system. Even though applications of FCM in risk analysis have been presented in various engineering fields, this research aims at modeling road traffic flow based on macroscopic characteristics through FCM. Therefore, a simulation of variables involved with road traffic flow carried out through FCM reasoning on historical data collected from the e-toll dataset of Hungarian networks of freeways. The proposed FCM model is developed based on 58 selected freeway segments as the “concepts” of the FCM; moreover, a new inference rule for employing in FCM reasoning process along with its algorithms have been presented. The results illustrate FCM representation and computation of the real segments with their main road traffic-related characteristics that have reached an equilibrium point. Furthermore, a simulation of the road traffic flow by performing the analysis of customized scenarios is presented, through which macroscopic modeling objectives such as predicting future road traffic flow state, route guidance in various scenarios, freeway geometric characteristics indication, and effectual mobility can be evaluated.
QoS Impacts of Slice Traffic Limitation
Authors: Mebarkia Khalil , Zsóka Zoltán
Published: December 2021

Slicing is an essential building block of 5G networks and beyond. Different slices mean sets of traffic demands with different requirements, which need to be served over separated or shared network resources. Various service chaining methods applied to support slicing lead to different network load patterns, impacting the QoS experienced by the traffic. In this paper, we analyze QoS properties applying a theoretical model. We also suggest appropriate parameter setting policies in slice-aware service function chaining (SFC) algorithms to increase QoS. We evaluate several metrics in different analysis scenarios to show the advantages of the slice-aware approach.
AutoML for Log File Analysis (ALFA) in a Production Line System of Systems pointed towards Predictive Maintenance
Authors: Maurer Matthias , Festl Andreas , Bricelj Bor , Schneider Germar , Schmeja Michael
Published: December 2021

Automated machine learning and predictive maintenance have both become prominent terms in recent years. Combining these two fields of research by conducting log analysis using automated machine learning techniques to fuel predictive maintenance algorithms holds multiple advantages, especially when applied in a production line setting. This approach can be used for multiple applications in the industry, e.g., in semiconductor, automotive, metal, and many other industrial applications to improve the maintenance and production costs and quality. In this paper, we investigate the possibility to create a predictive maintenance framework using only easily available log data based on a neural network framework for predictive maintenance tasks. We outline the advantages of the ALFA (AutoML for Log File Analysis) approach, which are high efficiency in combination with a low entry border for novices, among others. In a production line setting, one would also be able to cope with concept drift and even with data of a new quality in a gradual manner. In the presented production line context, we also show the superior performance of multiple neural networks over a comprehensive neural network in practice. The proposed software architecture allows not only for the automated adaption to concept drift and even data of new quality but also gives access to the current performance of the used neural networks.
“Antecedent” dan “Consequencs” Terhadap Kepuasan dalam Hubungan Penjual-Pembeli
Authors: Salam Salam
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Berdasarkan era perkembangan sektor jasa menuntut suatu persaingan yang super ketat, dimana kepentingan pelanggan menjadi prioritas utama, maka kepuasan mendapat perhatian bagi para peneliti di berbagai disiplin ilmu.
Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui antecedent dan consequencs suatu kepuasan yang dipengaruhi oleh komunikasi, komitmen dan penanganan konflik sedangkan kepuasan memengaruhi kepercayaan dan kelanjutan hubungan dalam konteks penjual-pembeli.
Metode penelitian: Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode multiple regression dibantu statistik deskriptif sederhana dan ditunjang dengan menggunakan tabel. Penelitian terdiri dari dua karakter item yaitu multi item (komunikasi, komitmen dan penanganan konflik) dan single item (kepuasan, kepercayaan dan kelanjutan hubungan). Populasi yang digunakan yaitu konsumen suatu perusahaan perdagangan Indonesia di Cirebon yang terdaftar berjumlah 550 dengan besar sampel yang diambil ditentukan jumlahnya dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin yaitu berjumlah 85 responden.
Hasil penelitian: Hasil penelitian yaitu komunikasi berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan, komitmen berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan, penanganan konflik berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan, kepuasan berpengaruh terhadap kepercayaan dan kepuasan berpengaruh terhadap kelanjutan hubungan. Kesimpulan: Penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa komunikasi, komitmen dan penanganan konflik berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, dimana kepuasan yang dirasakan juga memengaruhi kepercayaan pelanggan.
Pengaruh Dukungan Selebritis Terhadap Citra Produk yang di Iklankan
Authors: Salam Salam
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Periklanan adalah media komunikasi persuasif yang dirancang untuk menghasilkan tanggapan dan membantu mencapai tujuan atau sasaran pemasaran.Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan selebritis terhadap citra sinetron, untuk memudahkan penyelidikan, maka digunakan 25 dimensi citra janji temu suatu produk selebriti terhadap keinginan membeli suatu produk. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis statistik yaitu menggunakan analisis korelasi. sehingga dapat memperoleh pengaruh yang besar dari dukungan selebritis terhadap citra produk sabun. Sampel diambil dari penelitian ini sehingga orang dari populasi siswa berjumlah 100 orang sampel diambil menggunakan rumus Slovin. Hasil penelitian: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai korelasi + 0,975 artinya ditemukan pengaruh yang cukup berarti dukungan selebritis terhadap citra sabun Detol karakteristik terhubung adalah positif artinya jika dukungan selebriti dipentaskan maka citra selebriti akan meningkat.Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa citra sabun Detol sangat dipengaruhi oleh selebritis maka manajer harus dapat meningkatkan dukungan para selebritis agar citra sabun Detol lebih meningkat di mata konsumen yang pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan angka penjualan
Analisis Kerapatan Vegetasi di Kabupaten Magelang Menggunakan Citra Landsat 8 Bermetode NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)
Authors: Raihan Budiputra Aqshal
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Magelang merupakan daerah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang diapit oleh 3 gunung besar, yaitu Gunung Sumbing, Gunung Merbabu dan Gunung Merapi.
Tujuan penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui penggunaan lahan yang ada di citra Magelang, melihat indeks kerapatan vegetasi di Magelang menggunakan metode NDVI, memberikan informasi tahapan pengolahan citra sesuai dengan ketentuan-ketentuan yang berlaku dan melakukan klasifikasi baik manual maupun otomatis.
Metode penelitian: Metode yang digunakan untuk mengolah citra ini berupa layer stacking, subset data from ROIs, band math untuk NDVI dan kalibrasi radiometrik, koreksi radiometrik dan supervised class.
Hasil penelitian: Hasil dari pengolahan citra menunjukkan keberadaan daerah Magelang yang diapit oleh tiga gunung, yaitu Gunung Sumbing (sebelah barat), Gunung Merapi (sebelah tenggara) dan Gunung Merbabu (sebelah timur). Daerah Magelang terlihat didominasi oleh tutupan vegetasi yang berada di kaki gunung dan daerah lembah. Namun, pada Gunung Merapi ditemukan dominasi keberadaan badan air yang dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan pertanian dan keberadaannya tersebar secara acak pada lahan terbangun. Pusat Kota Magelang didominasi oleh klasifikasi berwarna merah muda, dimana hal tersebut menunjukkan lahan terbangun diikuti oleh badan-badan air yang mengairi lahan pertanian. Lalu, lahan terbuka yang ada di Magelang berada di puncak gunung.
Kesimpulan: Magelang merupakan daerah yang diapit oleh tiga gunung, yaitu Gunung Sumbing. Merapi dan Merbabu. Citra Magelang yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa Gunung Merbabu (Timur) dan Gunung Sumbing (Barat) didominasi oleh tutupan vegetasi, menandakan kondisi daerah yang subur dan berbanding terbalik dengan Gunung Merapi (Tenggara) yang sudah mulai dipadati oleh lahan terbangun. Pusat Kota Magelang memiliki lahan yang datar, namun disekitarnya didominasi oleh daerah pegunungan. Hal ini menyebabkan kota menjadi lebih dipadati oleh manusia dibandingkan daerah pegunungan sekitar.
Desentralisasi Kebijakan dalam Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Idris Patarai Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Sengketa antara privat dengan publik memerlukan intervensi pemerintah. Penetapan kebijakan untuk publik dalam rangka meredakan ketegangan publik-privat, melindungi eksistensi masing-masing, serta menghindari kekacauan antara keduanya semakin menguatkan kedudukan maupun fungsi kebijakan publik.
Tujuan penelitian: Untuk kemandirian daerah sebagai Daerah Otonom dalam penetapan kebijakan publik daerah, mendorong peningkatan kreativitas daerah membangun daerah melalui kebijakan publik daerah dan menemukan metafora baru tentang kebijakan publik daerah.
Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat studi pustaka (library research) yang menggunakan buku-buku dan literatur-literatur lainnya sebagai objek yang utama.
Hasil penelitian: Hak dan kewenangan daerah dalam konsep desentralisasi ditentukan berdasarkan tingkat kewenangan untuk perencanaan, memutuskan dan mengelola kewenangan yang ditransfer oleh pemerintah pusat, serta besaran otonomi yang diterima untuk melaksanakan tugas-tugas tersebut. Dengan demikian, terdapat kewenangan yang tetap berada di pusat, disebut kewenangan absolut dan terdapat kewenangan yang dilimpahkan ke daerah disebut kewenangan konkuren yang diatur dengan undang-undang.
Kesimpulan: Kebijakan Publik Daerah (KPD) berdimensi dua yaitu pertama kebijakan publik atas inisiasi dan analisis daerah dan kedua sebagai kebijakan turunan atau pengendalian kebijakan publik di daerah. Posisi Kebijakan Publik Daerah (KPD) merangsang proses demokratisasi dan partisipasi masyarakat di daerah. Deskripsi Kebijakan Publik Daerah terwujud melalui Desentralisasi Kebijakan, yaitu adanya ruang bagi masyarakat daerah merumuskan dan mengagendakan masalahnya. Presentasi kebijakan turunan dengan kebijakan inisiatif menjadi tolok ukur kreativitas daerah dalam skala antara kebijakan inisiatif dan kebijakan turunan atau dalam teori dikenal dengan kebijakan regulatif dan kebijakan substantif. Berdasarkan perspektif kinerja, kebijakan regulatif hanya sebatas input-output; sedang kebijakan substantif pada batas outcome-impact
Studi Kritis Terhadap Putusan Kasasi MA Nomor 1/K/Ag/2020 Tentang Alasan Perceraian
Authors: Mus Mustolich
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Putusan Pengadilan Agama Buntok dengan Nomor 0017/Pdt.G/2019/PA.Btk yang kemudian dimohonkan banding ke Pengadilan Tinggi Palangka Raya dan dikuatkan oleh putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Palangka Raya.
Tujuan penelitian: Untuk menganalisis putusan Pengadilan Agama Buntok terhadap perkara Nomor 0017/Pdt.G/2019/PA. Btk., menganalisis Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Palangka Raya terhadap banding perkara Nomor 10/Pdt.G/PTA.Plk dan menganalisis putusan Mahkamah Agung terhadap kasasi perkara Nomor 1/K/Ag/2020.
Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang termasuk studi kepustakaan (library research).
Hasil penelitian: Pengadilan Agama Buntok dalam Putusan Nomor 0017/Pdt.G/2019/PA. Btk mengabulkan gugatan penggugat karena penggugat berhasil membuktikan gugatannya bahwa rumah tangga penggugat dan tergugat sudah tidak rukun karena terjadi perselisihan dan pertengkaran secara terus menerus. Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Palangka Raya dalam putusan Nomor 10/Pdt.G/2019/PTA. Plk menguatkan kembali Putusan Pengadilan Agama Buntok dengan alasan Pengadilan Tingkat pertama telah tepat dan benar dalam mempertimbangkan seluruh aspek.
Kesimpulan: Pengadilan Agama Buntok dalam Putusan Nomor 0017/Pdt.G/2019/PA. Btk mengabulkan gugatan Penggugat, Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Palangka Raya dalam putusan Nomor 10/Pdt.G/2019/PTA. Plk menguatkan kembali Putusan Pengadilan Agama Buntok, Mahkamah Agung dalam putusan kasasi nomor 1/K/Ag/2020 membatalkan putusan pengadilan tingkat pertama, Putusan Pengadilan Agama Buntok dan Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Palangka Raya Peneliti melihat bahwa paradigma yang dianut oleh hakim dalam memutus perkara adalah paradigma positivistik dan majelis hakim Mahkamah Agung tidak hanya melihat penerapan norma hukum dan aturan terhadap permasalahan ini.
Pengaruh Customer Value Terhadap Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Performance di Telkom Training Centre
Authors: . Salam
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Berdasarkan bagian area yang berpusat pada pelanggan saat ini, nilai pelanggan adalah senjata strategis untuk menarik dan mempertahankan pelanggan. Menyampaikan nilai pelanggan yang unggul telah menjadi penting sebagai masalah kelangsungan dalam membangun dan mempertahankan keunggulan kompetitif dengan mendorong kinerja Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Namun, studi terkait agak berbeda, dimensi kunci dari nilai pelanggan tetap tidak jelas dan tidak ada kesepakatan tentang evaluasi kinerja CRM.
Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh nilai pelanggan pada kinerja CRM dalam hal kualitas hubungan dan perilaku pelanggan. Dalam melakukannya, kerangka kerja teoritis dikembangkan untuk menguji hubungan antara konstruksi studi.
Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini mengembangkan kerangka kerja integratif untuk nilai pelanggan dan kinerja manajemen hubungan pelanggan berdasarkan identifikasi dimensi kunci nilai pelanggan. Terakhir, data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif, mean, standar deviasi dan pengujian hipotesis.
Hasil penelitian: Hasil penelitian yaitu analisis data mengungkapkan bahwa nilai pelanggan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dan loyalitas merek dan kepuasan pelanggan berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas merek dan juga berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja CRM, Loyalitas merek berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja CRM dan seterusnya. Bahwa nilai pelanggan secara positif memengaruhi kinerja CRM.
Kesimpulan: Penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Customer Relationship Management (CRM) performance suatu perusahaan secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh customer value yang dirasakan oleh pelanggan perusahaan tersebut.