bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Salinity and Media on Growth and Flowering of a Hybrid Phalaenopsis Orchid
Authors: Wang Yin-Tung
Published: March 2024

The effects of water salinity [0.05, 0.40, 0.75, 1.10, and 1.40 dS·m-1 of electrical conductivity (EC)] on Phalaenopsis orchids grown in 100% fine-grade fir bark or a combination of 80% bark and 20% sphagnum peat were studied. In both media, flower diameter decreased slightly as salinity increased. Plants in bark had more flowers as salinity increased, but had fewer flowers than those grown in bark/peat. In either medium, salinity had no effect on the number of new leaves produced. As salinity increased, plants in bark had increasingly larger total leaf area, with a maximum at EC = 1.10 dS·m-1. Leaf area of plants in bark/peat was greater than that of those in bark, but was unaffected by salinity. Root fresh mass was lower with increasing salinity in both media. Media had no effect on mineral concentration in the leaf. In bark, increasing salinity increased the Ca and Na concentrations but had no effect on the concentration of other minerals in leaves. As salinity increased in the bark/peat medium, leaf concentrations of P, Fe, and Cu decreased and those of K, Ca, Mg, Na, and Zn increased, but the concentration of N was unaffected by salinity. Leachate from bark/peat had twice the EC and lower pH (4.9) than bark (5.7).
Development and Correction of K-deficiency in Drip-irrigated Apple
Authors: Neilsen Gerry , Parchomchuk Peter , Meheriuk Michael , Neilsen Denise
Published: March 2024

Various schedules of 40 g N and 17.5 g P/tree per year were applied with irrigation water (fertigation) to `Summerland McIntosh' apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) trees on M.9 rootstock commencing the year of planting. Leaf K concentrations averaged 0.82% dry mass, indicating deficiency, by the third growing season. This coincided with extractable soil K concentrations of 50-60 μg·g-1 soil in a narrow volume of the coarse-textured soil located within 0.3 m of the emitters. The decline in leaf K concentration was reversed and fruit K concentration increased by additions of K at 15-30 g/tree applied either as granular KCl directly beneath the emitters in spring or as KCl applied as a fertigant in the irrigation water. K-fertilization increased fruit red color, size, and titratable acidity only when leaf K concentration was <1%. Fruit Ca concentration and incidence of bitter pit or coreflush were unaffected by K application. NPK-fertigation commencing upon tree establishment is recommended for high-density apple orchards planted on similar coarse-textured soils.
Nitrogen Fertilizer Requirements of Potatoes Using Carefully Scheduled Sprinkler Irrigation
Authors: Feibert E.B.G. , Shock C.C. , Saunders L.D.
Published: March 2024

Nitrogen fertilizer rates and timings were reexamined for potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) under sprinkler irrigation with scheduling by soil water potential. Four potato cultivars were grown on a silt loam soil in eastern Oregon in 1992, 1993, and 1994. Potatoes were submitted to six treatments: four N fertilizer rates (0, 135, 200, and 270 kg·ha-1) and two split application treatments (67 kg·ha-1 applied three times, and 40 kg·ha-1 applied five times). The crop was irrigated when the soil water potential at 0.2-m depth reached -60 J·kg-1. No more than the accumulated evapotranspiration was replaced at each irrigation. Over 3 years, the cultivars had similar responses to N rates and N timing. In 1992, following alfalfa, tuber yield was not responsive to N fertilization. In 1993 and 1994, following wheat, tuber yield was maximized by N at 211 and 175 kg·ha-1. Split applications of the N fertilizer did not increase tuber yield in any year. In 1993 and 1994, the highest tuber specific gravity was obtained with no N fertilization. Nitrogen rates above the optimum resulted in darker frying tubers in 1992 and 1993. The N rates maximizing tuber yield in this study were lower than the rates recommended in the university fertilizer guides.
Alternating Furrow Irrigation of Peppermint (Mentha piperita)
Authors: Mitchell A.R. , Yang C.L.
Published: March 2024

Furrow irrigation of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) has certain benefits over sprinkler irrigation, but usually wastes irrigation water. Alternate-furrow irrigation allows frequent application of small amounts of water, which is an advantage over conventional furrow irrigation. In a variation of alternate-furrow irrigation, alternating-furrow irrigation, every other furrow is irrigated at the first irrigation, and the remainder at the second, then this procedure is repeated throughout the season. It is a low-cost, low-energy alternative to sprinkler and center pivot irrigation systems. Our objective was to compare yield and water use of alternating-furrow irrigation with those of conventional every-furrow irrigation for peppermint. Field experiments in 1992 and 1993 indicated that the soil water content was adequate under both irrigation treatments, and the water savings for alternating-furrow irrigation were attributed to less runoff and less evaporation from the soil surface. There was no difference in yield between the systems, although alternating-furrow irrigation required about half of the water applied with the conventional treatment. One limitation of alternating-furrow irrigation occurred near the end of the growing season, when the plants lodged, partially dammed the furrow streams, and made timely furrow advance difficult. This problem was resolved by irrigating every furrow after lodging occurred.
Tolerance to Crown Gall Differs Among Genotypes of Rose Rootstocks
Authors: Reynders-Aloisi S. , Pelloli G. , Bettachini A. , Poncet C.
Published: March 2024

Susceptibility to crown gall disease was tested in 14 clones of Rosa indica Lour. non L., nine clones of R. multiflora Thunberg, two clones of R. canina L., two clones of R. manettii Crivelli, and some additional rootstock cultivars. Plants were inoculated with virulent strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens biovar 1 (Smith and Townsend) Conn., the cause of crown gall disease. The highly susceptible cultivar `Sonia' was used as a positive control. Although all the clones were susceptible to A. tumefaciens during replicated tests, we observed a great variability in the percentage of galled plants and in the size of the galls among the genotypes tested. Three clones had a proportion of galled plants significantly lower than the control and may be useful in a rootstock breeding program for increased tolerance to crown gall. We confirmed previous results showing a reduction of shoot growth in the galled plants.
Responses of `Fuji' Apple Slices to Ascorbic Acid Treatments and Low-oxygen Atmospheres
Authors: Gil Maria I. , Gorny James R. , Kader Adel A.
Published: March 2024

Cut surface browning was not significantly different between `Fuji' apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) slices stored at 10 °C in 0.25 kPa O2 or in air. Apple slices treated with 2% ascorbic acid and held in an atmosphere of 0 kPa O2 (100% N2) at 10 °C had no significant browning or loss of visual quality for up to 15 d. Air-stored slices increased in respiration rate throughout storage, while slices stored in 0 kPa O2 had suppressed respiration and C2H4 production rates. Fermentative metabolites (ethanol and acetaldehyde) accumulated in slices exposed to 0 kPa O2, but these compounds did not have a significant impact on off-flavor development as determined by informal organoleptic evaluation. Tissue lightness (measured as L value) was positively correlated with total phenolic content as well as with chlorogenic acid, catechin, and epicatechin content. Total phenolic content was higher in ascorbic acid-treated discs stored in 0 kPa O2 than in those discs not treated with ascorbic acid and stored in air.
Response of Leading Bell Pepper Varieties to Bentazon Herbicide
Authors: Harrison Howard F. , Fery Richard L.
Published: March 2024

Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to assess the relative tolerance of leading bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) varieties to the herbicide bentazon. In the greenhouse, nine bell pepper varieties varied in bentazon tolerance. One of the most tolerant varieties, `King Arthur', was not severely injured, and its shoot mass was not reduced by 2.0 kg·ha-1 bentazon. The shoot mass of one of the least tolerant bell varieties, `Summer Sweet 860', was reduced by 1.0 kg·ha-1 bentazon. The bentazon rates resulting in 50 percent reduction in shoot mass (MR50) or injury (I50) estimated by logit—probit analysis were 7.9 and 3.1 kg·ha-1 for `King Arthur' and 3.8 and 1.5 kg·ha-1 for `Whopper Improved', respectively. In a field study, F1 `King Arthur', the tolerant control `Santaka', and the F2 progeny of `King Arthur' were similar in bentazon tolerance, and there was no genetic segregation for tolerance in the F2 population. Some modern bell pepper varieties appear to be sufficiently tolerant to allow bentazon use. Chemical name used: 3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3 H)-one 2,2 dioxide (bentazon).
Primocane Morphology and Leaf Surface Characteristics of Greenhouse-grown Red Raspberry Cultivars
Authors: Upadhyaya M.K. , Furness N.H.
Published: March 2024

Abaxial and adaxial surfaces of the distal leaflet of the third leaf from the apex, and primocane morphology of the following internode, of six greenhouse-grown red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars (`Algonquin', `Chilliwack', `Comox', `Haida', `Meeker', and `Tulameen') were examined. Scanning electron micrographs revealed tangled, woolly pubescence, irregularly shaped cells, and stomates on abaxial leaf surfaces. `Algonquin' exhibited the densest pubescence, and `Haida' the sparsest. Smooth-walled, uniserate trichomes were present on adaxial surfaces. `Chilliwack' displayed greatest trichome abundance. Trichomes were less commonly seen on the adaxial leaf surface of `Algonquin', `Haida', and `Meeker'. Relative abundance of spines on 3-month-old primocanes was dense for `Tulameen', moderate-dense for `Meeker' and `Comox', moderate for `Chilliwack', sparse-moderate for `Algonquin', and sparse for `Haida'. Spine length was greatest for `Tulameen', and was greater in `Meeker' than in `Haida'.
Shoot Proliferation and Rooting in Vitro of Pulmonaria
Authors: Stimart Dennis P. , Mather John C. , Schroeder Kenneth R.
Published: March 2024

Expanding shoot tips of Pulmonaria `Roy Davidson' and Pulmonaria saccharata `Margery Fish' were cultured in vitro on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing BA to establish proliferating cultures for use in comparing BA concentrations on shoot proliferation and rooting. The optimum level for shoot proliferation was 8.8 μm BA. Greatest rooting was on medium without BA. Genotype and time in culture influenced shoot and root counts. Chemical names used: N6-benzyladenine (BA)
Generalized symmetries and anomalies of 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ SCFTs
Authors: Bhardwaj Lakshya , Bullimore Mathew , Ferrari Andrea E. V. , Schäfer-Nameki Sakura
Published: March 2024

We study generalized global symmetries and their ’t Hooft anomalies in 3d \mathcal{N}=4𝒩=4 superconformal field theories (SCFTs). Following some general considerations, we focus on good quiver gauge theories, comprised of balanced unitary nodes and unbalanced unitary and special unitary nodes. While the global form of the Higgs branch symmetry group may be determined from the UV Lagrangian, the global form of Coulomb branch symmetry groups and associated mixed ’t Hooft anomalies are more subtle due to potential symmetry enhancement in the IR. We describe how Coulomb branch symmetry groups and their mixed ’t Hooft anomalies can be deduced from the UV Lagrangian by studying center charges of various types of monopole operators, providing a concrete and unambiguous way to implement ’t Hooft anomaly matching. The final expression for the symmetry group and ’t Hooft anomalies has a concise form that can be easily read off from the quiver data, specifically from the positions of the unbalanced and flavor nodes with respect to the positions of the balanced nodes. We provide consistency checks by applying our method to compute symmetry groups of 3d \mathcal{N}=4𝒩=4 theories corresponding to magnetic quivers of 4d Class S theories and 5d SCFTs. We are able to match these results against the flavor symmetry groups of the 4d and 5d theories computed using independent methods. Another strong consistency check is provided by comparing symmetry groups and anomalies of two theories related by 3d mirror symmetry.
Methods and conversations in (post)modern thermodynamics
Authors: Avanzini Francesco , Bilancioni Massimo , Cavina Vasco , Dal Cengio Sara , Esposito Massimiliano , Falasco Gianmaria , Forastiere Danilo , Freitas Jose Nahuel , Garilli Alberto , Harunari Pedro E. , Lecomte Vivien , Lazarescu Alexandre , Marehalli Srinivas Shesha G. , Moslonka Charles , Neri Izaak , Penocchio Emanuele , Piñeros William D. , Polettini Matteo , Raghu Adarsh , Raux Paul , Sekimoto Ken , Soret Ariane
Published: March 2024

Lecture notes after the doctoral school (Post)Modern Thermodynamics held at the University of Luxembourg, December 2022, 5-7, covering and advancing continuous-time Markov chains, network theory, stochastic thermodynamics, large deviations, deterministic and stochastic chemical reaction networks, metastability, martingales, quantum thermodynamics, and foundational issues.
Implementation of Patient-Oriented Approach to the Health Care Development in Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass: Strategic Analysis
Authors: Badlo Svetlana , Tabashnikova Olga
Published: March 2024

Achieving the strategic goals of the Russian Federation for preserving the population and ensuring the health and well-being of people requires an effective health care system that can provide necessary medical services and technologies and systematically train residents in healthy lifestyle and disease prevention.

This necessitates a transition to patient-oriented medicine based on strategizing, which will ensure the coordination of federal, departmental and regional programs aimed at improving the medical care quality and the population health. The article analyses legislative, regulatory, organizational documents and statistical data at the federal, regional and departmental levels. The authors perform analysis of healthcare statistical indicators in the Siberian Federal District and its subjects in dynamics; OTSW analysis on the strategizing methodology; comparative analysis of long-term healthcare development goals. The expediency of applying strategic planning and management in the transition to patient-oriented medicine is established; interrelations between strategies of different levels are discovered; region’s strategic objectives for the healthcare sector transformation and the conditions for their implementation effectiveness are defined. The authors consider possibilities of implementing a strategy for the patient-oriented medicine development in Kuzbass on the basis of region’s strengths, identify the threats and risks of not achieving strategic objectives and formulate the proposals for their reduction. The article confirms the importance of strategies’ coherence and proactivity within the appropriate priorities; argues the potential for the patient-oriented medicine development in Kuzbass.
Social Adaptation of Foreign Students in Regional Universities (Case Study of the Penza Region)
Authors: Lutova Yuliya , Shchanina EKATERINA
Published: March 2024

Internationalization is a key aspect of education export and one of the most promising lines of higher education development. For successfully becoming a member of the host community, a foreign student as an object of research is forced to assimilate and accept new cultural patterns. However, even when entering a new socio-cultural environment under the most favorable conditions, adaptation difficulties and problems usually arise. The purpose of the article is to identify the factors and conditions for the successful adaptation of foreign students in regional universities using the example of the Penza Region’s universities. The research is based on scientific concepts of students’ social adaptation in a university, as well as concepts of an educational environment creation and functioning. The study considers the reasons for choosing Russia as a country of study based on the author’s questionnaire of Penza universities’ foreign students, secondary analysis of sociological research data on similar topics, and analysis of statistical data. The authors discover that foreign students in Russia face difficulties at various levels: linguistic, conceptual, moral, informational, climatic, communicative, pertaining to everyday life, etc. Favorable conditions contribute to increasing the university’s prestige and the education internationalization levels, become an important factor for choosing an educational institution and quickly including foreign students in the educational process.
Risks and Threats of Children’s Online Communication in Digital Society
Authors: Pogrebnaya Natal'ya
Published: March 2024

The article examines the risks and threats of children’s network communication in the context of the modern digital society development. The author presents analysis of the adolescents’ cybersocialization process, and the classification of content depending on its impact on the children and adolescents’ development (constructive, neutral, destructive). The article describes risks and threats of information-psychological impact exerted using various technologies common on the Internet and in social networks. In addition to information-psychological impact, it is possible to form the mobilization potential of children and adolescents through social networks. The research considers the types of social networks communities capable of having a destructive impact on children and adolescents, as well as technologies for involving children and adolescents in these communities. The author deliberates consequences of the Internet’s negative impact on children and adolescents, such as the formation of mosaic thinking, lack of critical thinking, changes in norms and values, pathological Internet addictions that contribute to the vulnerabilities of children and adolescents.
Labor Potential Assessment: From Amount of Forces to Their Capabilities
Authors: Bespalikov Vladimir , Belchik Tatyana
Published: March 2024

The article presents an approach to increasing labor productivity by evaluating the labor potential of an enterprise and subsequently developing a personnel incentive system. Labor potential is considered as the ability of human resources to increase their labor productivity by addressing hidden reserves, existence of which depends on internal and external factors. The authors present the results of a construction industry enterprise’s personnel survey. The employees assessed the organization of the labor process, the relationship between the team and departments, their own labor potential, as well as other aspects of their work. The results aim at determining the possible motives of employees to create a staff incentive system. Along with the motives of the staff, the incentive system should take into account the amount of possible labor productivity increase. Thus, it will correspond to the interests of both employees and the enterprise. The study proposes a methodology for assessing the personnel labor potential based on determining the strengths and weaknesses of the studied indicators. The methodology allows to identify promising areas for work with personnel and rationally allocate resources to stimulate labor potential, which, in turn, can reduce time costs and other expences.
Fintech as a Factor of Improving Corporate ESG Indicators
Authors: Larionov Kirill
Published: March 2024

The article considers the relationship between the financial technologies development and sustainable development indicators on the example of emerging markets’ companies. While environmental, social and corporate governance attracts significant attention in discussions about corporate sustainability, its implementation depends on the development of financial technologies. The mechanisms by which the fintech development affects corporate sustainability indicators in emerging economies remain relatively unexplored. The necessity to understand how the development of financial technologies affects the corporate spheres of ESG reinforces the relevance of the research since it is of great importance for the formation of effective sustainable development strategies. The study uses a comprehensive methodological approach, which includes analysis of data on companies’ financial performance and assessment of the fintech development level in various regions, as well as analysis of its impact on sustainable development corporate indicators. The author uses statistical methods of analysis and mathematical models, as well as comparative studies to obtain more accurate and objective data. The results indicate an obvious relationship: companies operating under less financial constraints demonstrate noticeably higher indicators of sustainable development, especially in regions with developed fintech ecosystems. The research provides a detailed understanding of how the use of fintech can contribute to improving the indicators of sustainable development in emerging markets’ companies. The scientific novelty of the study lies in its in-depth analysis of the factors driving the corporate sustainability development under the influence of fintech technologies, which expands the understanding of the fintech impact on corporate sustainability indicators and opens up new prospects for future research in this area.
Significance of Aneuploidy in Predicting Prognosis and Treatment Response of Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqian , Jin Ling , Zhou Chenchen , Liu Jinghua , Jiang Qin
Published: March 2024

Aims:

This study aimed to improve personalized treatment strategies and predict
survival outcomes for patients with uveal melanoma (UM).

Background:

Copy number aberrations (CNAs) have been considered as a main feature
of metastatic UM.

Objective:

This study was designed to explore the feasibility of using copy number variation
(CNV) in UM classification, prognosis stratification and treatment response.

Methods:

The CNV data in the TCGA-UVM cohort were used to classify the samples.
The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between subtypes were screened by the “Limma”
package. The module and hub genes related to aneuploidy score were identified by
performing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on the DEGs. Univariate
Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression
analysis were employed to train the hub genes for developing a prognosis model for
UM. Finally, the expression levels of the screened prognostic key genes were verified in
UM cells, and the cell migration and invasion abilities were detected using real-time
quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and transwell assay.

Results:

The UM samples were divided into 3 CNV subtypes, which differed significantly
in overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). C1 had the shortest OS
and DSS and the highest level of immune infiltration. A total of 2036 DEGs were obtained
from the three subtypes. Eighty hub genes with the closest correlation with aneuploidy
scores were selected by WGCNA. Univariate Cox and LASSO regression-based
analyses finally determined eight genes as the key prognostic genes, including HES6,
RNASEH2C, NQO1, NUDT14, TTYH3, GJC1, FKBP10, and MRPL24. A prognostic
model was developed using the eight genes, demonstrating a strong prediction power.
Differences in the response to immunotherapy among patients in different risk groups
were significant. We found that high-risk patients were more sensitive to two drugs (Palbociclib_
1054 and Ribociclib_1632), while low-risk patients were more sensitive to
AZD1208_1449, ERK_2440_1713, Mirin_1048, and Selumetinib_1736.

Conclusion:

UM in this study was divided into three CNV subtypes, and a model based
on eight aneuploidy score-related genes was established to evaluate the prognosis and
drug treatment efficacy of UM patients. The current results may have the potential to
help the clinical decision-making process for UM management.
Fluoropyrimidine Toxicity: the Hidden Secrets of DPYD
Authors: Manolopoulos Vangelis G. , Ragia Georgia
Published: March 2024

Background::

Fluoropyrimidine-induced toxicity is a main limitation of therapy. Currently, polymorphisms
in the DPYD gene, which encodes the 5-FU activation enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
(DPD), are used to adjust the dosage and prevent toxicity. Despite the predictive value of DPYD genotyping, a
great proportion of fluoropyrimidine toxicity cannot be solely explained by DPYD variations.

Objective::

We herein summarize additional sources of DPD enzyme activity variability, spanning from epigenetic
regulation of DPYD expression, factors potentially inducing protein modifications, as well as drug-enzyme
interactions that contribute to fluoropyrimidine toxicity.

Results::

While seminal in vitro studies provided evidence that DPYD promoter methylation downregulates
DPD expression, the association of DPYD methylation with fluoropyrimidine toxicity was not replicated in
clinical studies. Different non-coding RNA molecules, such as microRNA, piwi-RNAs, circular-RNAs and
long non-coding RNAs, are involved in post-transcriptional DPYD regulation. DPD protein modifications and
environmental factors affecting enzyme activity may also add a proportion to the pooled variability of DPD enzyme
activity. Lastly, DPD-drug interactions are common in therapeutics, with the most well-characterized
paradigm the withdrawal of sorivudine due to fluoropyrimidine toxicity deaths in 5-FU treated cancer patients;
a mechanism involving DPD severe inhibition.

Conclusions::

DPYD polymorphisms are the main source of DPD variability. A study on DPYD epigenetics
(both transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally) holds promise to provide insights into molecular pathways
of fluoropyrimidine toxicity. Additional post-translational DPD modifications, as well as DPD inhibition by
other drugs, may explain a proportion of enzyme activity variability. Therefore, there is still a lot we can learn
about the DPYD/DPD fluoropyrimidine-induced toxicity machinery.
Exploring the Social and Cognitive Factors Shaping the Acquisition of Science Concepts among Primary School Students in first and second languages
Authors: Adebusuyi O. F. , Adeleye A. O. , Jimoh D. O. , Ayide D. K. , Adedoyin A. B.
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the intricate interplay of social and cognitive factors influencing the acquisition of science concepts among primary school pupils, with a focus on their first and second language. A survey research design was carried out across different primary schools in Ijebu Ode Government Area of Ogun State, during the third term of the 2022/2023 academic year. A sample size of 268 primary four pupils, 196 from eight private and seventy-two (72) from three public primary schools, were randomly selected through simple random sampling technique. A pilot survey was conducted by administering the research instruments to 46 male and 72 female randomly selected primary 4 pupils after which the instruments were subjected to analysis. The data collected were analyzed using a t-test and hierarchical regression analysis. Regression analysis showed that pupil motivation, teacher support, parent support, and school environment have a significant contribution to pupils’ science performance test (SPT). The results revealed a significant correlation between pupil motivation, teacher support, parental involvement, and the school environment, collectively influencing pupils' science performance. The study emphasizes addressing language disparities, enhancing student motivation, fostering collaborative support from parents and teachers, and creating a conducive learning environment in primary schools to improve overall science education performance.
Analysis of the Implementation of Science Learning based on Teachers' Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) Capabilities
Authors: Yanti M. , Rahayu D. P. , Rabbani A.
Published: March 2024

Teachers play a crucial role in facilitating students' understanding and making science material more accessible. To achieve this, educators must possess the capability to use technology, select appropriate learning models, and possess sufficient knowledge of the material - collectively termed as Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the implementation of science learning based on the teacher's TPACK ability level. The qualitative descriptive research method was employed, involving three science teachers selected through convenience sampling and identified as Teacher A, Teacher B, and Teacher C. TPACK ability data was obtained using a TPACK measurement questionnaire developed by Shmidt et al., (2009) with a total of 54 statement items with three general dimensions. They are Technological Knowledge (TK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), and Content Knowledge (CK). The analysis involved observing each teacher during science lessons evaluating the alignment of planning and implementation through an observation sheet. The results of the analysis show that teachers with high TPACK abilities also have more complex science learning in terms of material, method, and technology selection. The results of this research can be used as a reference for teachers in designing and applying learning, especially in terms of integrating technology into science learning.
Contenido de carbono orgánico del suelo en arreglos silvopastoriles en el norte de Colombia
Authors: Contreras Santos J. L. , Martínez Atencia J.
Published: March 2024

Los sistemas agroforestales o silvopastoriles son alternativas viables para mejorar las condiciones edáficas, nutricionales, animales y ambientales, igualmente se evidencia la importancia de estos sistemas en la inmovilización y captura de carbono (C) en el suelo
Micorrización in vitro de Glomus sp. (GEV02) (=Rhizoglomus proliferum) en plantas micropropagadas de mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus L)
Authors: Pérez Moncada U. A. , Ramírez Gómez M. M. , Serralde Ordoñez. D. P. , Peñaranda Rolon A. M.
Published: March 2024

Los Hongos Formadores de Micorrizas Arbusculares (HFMA) son hongos que se asocian al 80 % de las plantas terrestres incluyendo muchas de sistemas agrícolas. Estos hongos son simbiontes obligados y siempre necesitan de la raíz de una planta para poder propagarse y completar su ciclo de vida. En este estudio se adaptó un sistema de cultivo autotrófico con plantas de mora (Rubus glaucus L) en donde se inocularon esporas y fragmentos de raíces colonizados por R. proliferum bajo condiciones in vitro con el fin de evaluar su viabilidad bajo estas condiciones
Cadena del banano: anexo 5
Authors: Ruiz Diana María , Yepes Luz Andrea , Betancourt Vásquez Mónica
Published: March 2024

Este capítulo da a conocer información básica sobre el banano, su información de producción, consumo, vínculos con la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación y las demandas del sector sobre conocimiento técnico, a fin de dar solución a los problemas productivos, mejorar la sostenibilidad y aprovechar oportunidades de mercado, generando así, alternativas para la consolidación de sistemas territoriales de innovación
Cadena de achira :anexo 5
Authors: Ruiz Diana María , Sánchez L German David
Published: March 2024

Este capítulo presenta información básica sobre la cadena de achira, su información de producción, comercialización y consumo, sus vínculos con la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación y las demandas del sector sobre conocimiento técnico, a fin de dar solución a los problemas productivos, mejorar la sostenibilidad y aprovechar oportunidades de mercado, generando así, alternativas para la consolidación de sistemas territoriales de innovación
Cadena de agroalimentaria de la papa : anexo 5
Authors: Yepes Vargas Luz Andrea , Villareal M. Héctor , Sánchez León Germán David
Published: March 2024

El presente documento se preparó con el fin de proveer información básica sobre el desempeño de la cadena productiva, sus vínculos con la orientación de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación y las demandas del sector sobre conocimiento técnico, para superar problemas productivos, mejorar la competitividad, la sostenibilidad, aprovechar oportunidades de mercado, potenciar capacidades y focalizar la inversión pública. Esta información se consolidó a través del proceso de revisión y ajuste de la Agenda Dinámica Nacional de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación (Agenda I+D+i), como insumo para orientar las estrategias del PECTIA
Exploring Relations Between Unique Patient Characteristics and Virtual Reality Immersion Level on Anxiety and Pain in Patients Undergoing Venipuncture: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Gold Jeffrey I , Akbar Krystal M , Avila Sandra , Ngo Nhat H , Klein Margaret J
Published: March 2024

Background

Virtual reality (VR) is a well-researched digital intervention that has been used for managing acute pain and anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing various medical procedures. This study focuses on investigating the role of unique patient characteristics and VR immersion level on the effectiveness of VR for managing pediatric pain and anxiety during venipuncture.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to determine how specific patient characteristics and level of immersion during a VR intervention impact anxiety and pain levels for pediatric patients undergoing venipuncture procedures.

Methods

This study is a secondary data analysis of 2 combined, previously published randomized control trials on 252 pediatric patients aged 10-21 years observed at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles from April 12, 2017, to July 24, 2019. One randomized clinical trial was conducted in 3 clinical environments examining peripheral intravenous catheter placement (radiology and an infusion center) and blood draw (phlebotomy). Conditional process analysis was used to conduct moderation and mediation analyses to assess the impact of immersion level during the VR intervention.

Results

Significant moderation was found between the level of immersion and anxiety sensitivity when predicting postprocedural anxiety (P=.01). Patients exhibiting the highest anxiety sensitivity within the standard of care yielded a 1.9 (95% CI 0.9-2.8; P<.001)-point elevation in postprocedural anxiety relative to individuals with high immersion levels. No other significant factors were found to mediate or moderate the effect of immersion on either postprocedural anxiety or pain.

Conclusions

VR is most effective for patients with higher anxiety sensitivity who report feeling highly immersed. Age, location of the procedure, and gender of the patient were not found to significantly impact VR’s success in managing levels of postprocedural pain or anxiety, suggesting that immersive VR may be a beneficial intervention for a broad pediatric population.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04268901; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04268901
Examining Passively Collected Smartphone-Based Data in the Days Prior to Psychiatric Hospitalization for a Suicidal Crisis: Comparative Case Analysis
Authors: Jacobucci Ross , Ammerman Brooke , Ram Nilam
Published: March 2024

Background

Digital phenotyping has seen a broad increase in application across clinical research; however, little research has implemented passive assessment approaches for suicide risk detection. There is a significant potential for a novel form of digital phenotyping, termed screenomics, which captures smartphone activity via screenshots.

Objective

This paper focuses on a comprehensive case review of 2 participants who reported past 1-month active suicidal ideation, detailing their passive (ie, obtained via screenomics screenshot capture) and active (ie, obtained via ecological momentary assessment [EMA]) risk profiles that culminated in suicidal crises and subsequent psychiatric hospitalizations. Through this analysis, we shed light on the timescale of risk processes as they unfold before hospitalization, as well as introduce the novel application of screenomics within the field of suicide research.

Methods

To underscore the potential benefits of screenomics in comprehending suicide risk, the analysis concentrates on a specific type of data gleaned from screenshots—text—captured prior to hospitalization, alongside self-reported EMA responses. Following a comprehensive baseline assessment, participants completed an intensive time sampling period. During this period, screenshots were collected every 5 seconds while one’s phone was in use for 35 days, and EMA data were collected 6 times a day for 28 days. In our analysis, we focus on the following: suicide-related content (obtained via screenshots and EMA), risk factors theoretically and empirically relevant to suicide risk (obtained via screenshots and EMA), and social content (obtained via screenshots).

Results

Our analysis revealed several key findings. First, there was a notable decrease in EMA compliance during suicidal crises, with both participants completing fewer EMAs in the days prior to hospitalization. This contrasted with an overall increase in phone usage leading up to hospitalization, which was particularly marked by heightened social use. Screenomics also captured prominent precipitating factors in each instance of suicidal crisis that were not well detected via self-report, specifically physical pain and loneliness.

Conclusions

Our preliminary findings underscore the potential of passively collected data in understanding and predicting suicidal crises. The vast number of screenshots from each participant offers a granular look into their daily digital interactions, shedding light on novel risks not captured via self-report alone. When combined with EMA assessments, screenomics provides a more comprehensive view of an individual’s psychological processes in the time leading up to a suicidal crisis.
Using In-Shoe Inertial Measurement Unit Sensors to Understand Daily-Life Gait Characteristics in Patients With Distal Radius Fractures During 6 Months of Recovery: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yamamoto Akiko , Yamada Eriku , Ibara Takuya , Nihey Fumiyuki , Inai Takuma , Tsukamoto Kazuya , Waki Tomohiko , Yoshii Toshitaka , Kobayashi Yoshiyuki , Nakahara Kentaro , Fujita Koji
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

A distal radius fracture (DRF) is a common initial fragility fracture among women in their early postmenopausal period, which is associated with an increased risk of subsequent fractures. Gait assessments are valuable for evaluating fracture risk; inertial measurement units (IMUs) have been widely used to assess gait under free-living conditions. However, little is known about long-term changes in patients with DRF, especially concerning daily-life gait. We hypothesized that, in the long term, the daily-life gait parameters in patients with DRF could enable us to reveal future risk factors for falls and fractures.

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed the spatiotemporal characteristics of patients with DRF at 4 weeks and 6 months of recovery.

METHODS

We recruited 16 women in their postmenopausal period with DRF as their first fragility fracture (mean age 62.3, SD 7.0 years) and 28 matched healthy controls (mean age 65.6, SD 8.0 years). Daily-life gait assessments and physical assessments, such as hand grip strength (HGS), were performed using an in-shoe IMU sensor. Participants’ results were compared with those of the control group, and their recovery was assessed for 6 months after the fracture.

RESULTS

In the fracture group, at 4 weeks after DRF, lower foot height in the swing phase (P=.049) and higher variability of stride length (P=.03) were observed, which improved gradually. However, the dorsiflexion angle in the fracture group tended to be lower consistently during 6 months (at 4 weeks: P=.06; during 6 months: P=.07). As for the physical assessments, the fracture group showed lower HGS at all time points (at 4 weeks: P<.001; during 6 months: P=.04), despite significant improvement at 6 months (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

With an in-shoe IMU sensor, we discovered the recovery of spatiotemporal gait characteristics 6 months after DRF surgery without the participants’ awareness. The consistently unchanged dorsiflexion angle in the swing phase and lower HGS could be associated with fracture risk, implying the high clinical importance of appropriate interventions for patients with DRF to prevent future fractures. These results could be applied to a screening tool for evaluating the risk of falls and fractures, which may contribute to constructing a new health care system using wearable devices in the near future.
Preventing Premature PrEP Discontinuation and Sexually Transmitted Infections among Men Who Have Sex with Men: Protocol for Prospective Cohort Study (Project PEACH) (Preprint)
Authors: Aldredge Amalia , Carter Derrius Stephon , DeCree Candice A , Gardner Elliot V , Herring Gina Bailey , Kaabi Oumaima , Moges-Banks Rebecca , Valencia Rachel , Kelley Colleen Frances , Sullivan Patrick Sean
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

There is an ongoing syndemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). We have increasingly effective and diverse measures of prevention, including various types of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention and doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP) for STI prevention. As options expand, we need to best understand how to use a combination of these strategies and other supports for MSM to best curb the syndemic.

OBJECTIVE

We designed a patient-preference trial to understand patient preferences of PrEP and doxyPEP, how preferences may change over time, and methods for preventing premature discontinuation of PrEP.

METHODS

We enrolled HIV-negative MSM in metropolitan Atlanta. Participants could elect to take PrEP (daily or on-demand), doxyPEP, both, or neither, along with app-based support to evaluate for risk factors of discontinuation or behavioral changes that might affect their choice of prevention methods. Participants were able to switch prevention methods at any time. Oral PrEP and doxyPEP users are offered quarterly in-person or at-home HIV, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia testing along with opportunities for motivational interviewing.

RESULTS

We enrolled individuals from 11/2021 to 9/2023. Among 240 participants, median age was 30 (interquartile range 25-35), 63% self-identified as non-Hispanic Black, and 69% were insured. Most participants (60%) elected to take daily PrEP plus doxyPEP, with a smaller proportion taking on-demand PrEP plus doxyPEP (14%) or daily PrEP without doxyPEP (14%).

CONCLUSIONS

We designed an ongoing study to evaluate the preferences for PrEP and doxyPEP among MSM in metropolitan Atlanta. Enrollment was completed in 22 months and included a diverse cohort of MSM that will be followed longitudinally to evaluate prevention preferences over time. At baseline, most participants preferred to take a combination of daily PrEP and doxyPEP for HIV and STI prevention.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT05072093
Diagnostic value of the Berlin questionnaire in the treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Yaremchuk S.E. , Sabadash A.H. , Banas V.A.
Published: March 2024

Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are common pathologies. Sleep disorders cause a daytime sleepiness, impaired concentration, and other cognitive impairments. All this can lead to fatal consequences. Unfortunately, only about 20 % of patients suffering from this pathology are identified. As a rule, patients do not know about the presence of OSAS, on the one hand, and on the other hand, they do not know which specialist they need to seek help from. Given the fact that impaired upper airway patency is one of the main causes of OSAS, most patients should be treated by an otolaryngologist. This work is aimed at improving the diagnosis of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in screening studies. Screening for snoring and OSAS using the Berlin questionnaire as a result of this study allowed identifying 60 % more patients suffering from snoring and OSAS than in self-referral. The use of the Berlin questionnaire in all patients seeking medical care will help identify a hidden pathology and further conduct a more complete diagnosis of snoring and sleep apnea, as well as prescribe appropriate treatment.
Minimally invasive interventions on celiac plexus in patients with persistent abdominal pain caused by pancreatic cancer
Authors: Eroshkin О.A. , Romanukha D.M.
Published: March 2024

Background. Chronic abdominal pain is common in 50 % of patients with intra-abdominal malignancies and has a huge impact on quality of their lives. As the number and doses of systemic analgesics increase, so does the frequency of side effects that can further worsen functional status, which is important for this cohort of patients who have a five-year survival rate of only 8 %. The purpose of the study: to assess the efficacy and safety of computed tomography-guided celiac plexus neurolysis as a method of reducing persistent, severe pain in patients with pancreatic cancer that affects their functional status. Materials and methods. The analysis of the results of 17 interventional procedures on the celiac plexus in 16 participants was conducted, sympatholysis was performed twice in one patient. Inclusion criteria: pancreatic cancer with persistent pharmacoresistant neuropathic abdominal pain for ≥ 3 months, which did not respond to medications, including opioids, anti-inflammatory drugs, and other conservative methods of treatment. Age of patients was 39 to 72 years (mean of 62.6 ± 8.2 years), 10 (62.5 %) research participants were male and 6 (37.5 %) were female. Results. Interventions were successfully performed for all patients on the first attempt. There were no cases of perforations of hollow organs, damage to blood vessels, pleural sinuses, or other structures of the abdominal and thoracic cavities. No neurological complications were recorded, and no one required blood transfusion. All study patients had a significant reduction in pain on the visual analogue scale compared to baseline, both one week after the procedure, from 9.7 ± 0.6 to 4.7 ± 1.4 (P < 0.001), and in six months, from 9.7 ± 0.6 to 4.1 ± 1.4 (P < 0.001). The average Karnofsky Performance Status Scale score compared to the data before the procedure, one week after increased from 64.7 ± 7.9 to 78.2 ± 6.4 (P < 0.001). A significant improvement in functional status was maintained up to three months — 71.2 ± 6.9 (P < 0.001). However, in six months, this indicator was 63.5 ± 6.0 (Р = 0.668), which may be related not only to the intensity of the pain syndrome, but also to other complications of the underlying disease (ascites, cachexia, tumor growth, palliative surgical interventions, etc.). Conclusions. Computed tomography-guided celiac plexus neurolysis is a safe and effective procedure for patients with abdominal pain caused by inoperable pancreatic cancer. Sympatholysis provides a long-term significant reduction in pain syndrome according to the visual analogue scale after 1, 3, 6 months (Р < 0.001) and increases the functional status of patients according to the Karnofsky Performance Status Scale in 1 (Р < 0.001), 3 months (Р = 0.023). Celiac plexus neurolysis should be considered as part of a multidisciplinary approach to the comprehensive treatment of upper abdominal pain associated with cancer in the early stages of the disease.