bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental health dynamics among COVID-19 survivors: anxiety and depression in urban Nepal
Authors: Gautam Prabha
Published: March 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted a profound impact on global mental health, with developing countries like Nepal facing exacerbated challenges. This study investigates the prevalence and determinants of anxiety and depression among COVID-19 survivors recognizing the pivotal role of socio-demographic and health-related factors in shaping mental health outcomes during the pandemic.
Methods: Employing an analytical cross-sectional design, the study engaged 150 COVID-19 survivors from Kathmandu's Urban Health Clinic. Participants were selected through systematic random sampling and data were collected via a combination of semi-structured and closed-ended questionnaires, incorporating the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS) 21. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, Fisher exact tests, and logistic regression to understand the associations and predictors of anxiety and depression among the survivors.
Results: The study revealed that a significant proportion of COVID-19 survivors experienced anxiety and depression at varying levels. 82% of the participants exhibited normal depression levels, while 18% reported symptoms ranging from mild to extremely severe. Anxiety was more prevalent, with 58% showing normal levels and 42% experiencing mild to extremely severe anxiety. Key predictors of depression included lack of access to COVID health services, while anxiety was significantly associated with residence type, overall health status during COVID-19, treatment type, and concerns about future waves of the pandemic.
Conclusions: The study emphasize the crucial need for accessible healthcare services and comprehensive mental health support. Policymakers and healthcare providers should integrate mental health services into post-COVID recovery plans, focusing on tailored interventions for survivors' needs.
Motivation on the uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in Calabarzon region, Philippines
Authors: Laguc Gillie Grace , Quilantang Patricia Camille , Respicio Merry Joyce , Fernandez Joyce Rea Mae , Aquino Jose Gerardo , Miranda Kevin Jace , Carandang Rogie Royce
Published: March 2024

Background: COVID-19 vaccination is essential for public health, aiming to limit virus transmission and severity of illness. The motivation for individuals to get vaccinated can vary and is influenced by a combination of factors. This study aimed to identify the factors that motivated Filipino residents in Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon Province, or the Calabarzon region to get vaccinated with the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was utilized in this study. Researcher-made survey questionnaires were distributed online through Google forms. Study participants were either fully or partially vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines or have received their booster shots. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the extrinsic and intrinsic factors toward uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The participants’ overall knowledge and attitude were scored using Bloom’s cut-off point.
Results: A total of 398 participants were approached from June to July 2022. Participants were 55.3% female, and the majority were 29 years and below (77.1%). Family/friends, lifestyle, government, community, and peers/associates were the extrinsic factors that motivated them to get vaccinated. As for the intrinsic factors, 86.4% showed adequate knowledge and 63.6% had positive attitude towards the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
Conclusions: To have a successful vaccination campaign, both extrinsic and intrinsic factors must be considered when exploring the motivation of local residents to get vaccinated for COVID-19. Family/friends were the primary extrinsic factor, followed by lifestyle, government, community, and peers/associates. Most participants showed adequate knowledge and a positive attitude toward the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Focusing on these factors may address vaccine hesitancy.
Knowledge regarding immunization among mothers of under-five children in Uttarakhand
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Bijalwan Surbhi , Panwar Askansha , Joshi Lumbini , Aswal Ishita , Aswal Shalini , Gupta Priya , Edward Angel , Gusain Ritika , Dhondup Tenzin , Uniyal Ayush , Pundir Namrata
Published: March 2024

Background: Immunization is one of the most impactful and cost-effective health investments globally that helps in reducing the burden of infectious diseases keeping children safe. Mothers are the major role players with regard to their children’s immunization.  
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge regarding immunization among mothers of under-five children in the Doiwala block of Dehradun, Uttarakhand. A total of one hundred mothers of under-five children were conveniently selected through door-to-door survey. A structured knowledge questionnaire on under-five immunization was administered through the interview technique to assess the knowledge of the mothers.
Results: Among 100 mothers of under-five children 13% had poor knowledge, 63% had average knowledge and 24% had good knowledge regarding under-five immunization. There was significant association between age, education status and socioeconomic status of mothers with knowledge score regarding under-five immunization.
Conclusions: There is a strong need to increase awareness and knowledge about immunization among children; its benefits and importance. There is also a need to educate people especially mothers regarding harmful consequences of incomplete immunization of children.
A study on maternal factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practices regarding feeding practices among mothers attending NRC
Authors: Madhusudanan Thulasi M. , Khan Mudassir Azeez
Published: March 2024

Background: Child under nutrition is the leading cause in more than one third of infant and child death globally especially in developing countries. Various social and environmental factors affect child nutrition and result in under nutrition. Maternal knowledge, their attitude, and practices all can have an effect in changing the child’s nutritional pattern. It is thus essential that mothers have proper knowledge on dietary practices in prevention of malnutrition, which, in turn, can help them to have good attitude toward the dietary practices so that they can change their behaviour and harmful practices.
Methods: Information obtained from the mothers of children admitted to nutrition rehabilitation centre (NRC) during the period from January 2020 to June 2021 using the questionnaire with direct interview method. Used a predesigned questionnaire on respective mothers.
Results: 42.8% of mothers had an overall good knowledge. 91.96% of mothers had a positive attitude and good practices towards feeding practices of children admitted to NRC.
Conclusions: Education occupation and socio-economic class does not influence the knowledge attitude and practices of mothers regarding feeding practices whereas number of ANC visits has a significant effect.
A survey of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of using probiotics for oral health among dental students in Kerala
Authors: Rajeev Gayathri , Jacob Arun , Santhosh Sandra , Roshni  , Vijayan Anjitha S. , Puthukkodan Reshma , Geetharani Vijayakumar Sangeetha
Published: March 2024

Background: Widespread prevalence of dental caries, particularly in developing countries, poses a major public health challenge. Traditional approaches using fillings and remineralizing agents have limitations. Probiotics offer a potentially self-administered, multifaceted alternative for both preventing and managing caries, with additional health benefits beyond oral health.
Methods: A cross-sectional study with a validated questionnaire was conducted among 308 final-year students and 292 interns from dental colleges in Kerala. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: Over 74% of interns and final-year students recognized probiotic benefits. Awareness about prebiotics was limited in both groups (59.7% and 62.3%, respectively). Notably, 65.6% of students and 72.6% of interns demonstrated knowledge about the probiotic potential of streptococcus strains. Almost 43% of students and 55% of interns reported current or past probiotic use and recommendations. A substantial majority in both groups (over 87%) expressed willingness to try recommended probiotic products. Notably, 47.4% of final-year students and 44.5% of interns had not used probiotics therapeutically, with gastrointestinal issues being the primary indication for those who did.
Conclusions: High awareness of probiotics with knowledge gaps in certain areas (e.g., prebiotics) was observed. The majority showed a willingness to utilize probiotics in their practice. Educational interventions focused on these areas could equip dental professionals to provide informed advice and recommendations about probiotics to their patients.
Assessment of risk factors for hypertension among undergraduate students in a medical college of Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Pathania Shamli , Sharma Shruti , Sharma Sumit , Kumar Arvind , Thakur Shishu Pal Singh
Published: March 2024

Background: Hypertension is a commonest cardiovascular disorder and is major cause of premature death worldwide. An estimated 1.28 billion adults aged 30-79 years worldwide have hypertension, most (two-thirds) living in low and middle-income countries. So present study was undertaken to assess the risk factors for hypertension among First year MBBS students so that suitable preventive measures may be undertaken.
Methods: It is cross sectional study conducted among first year MBBS students in DRKGMC Hamirpur. The duration of study is three months. The tools of study used were modified structured pretested self-administered questionnaire; WHO stepwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS). Weighing machine, measuring tape, digital BP apparatus and steadiometer.
Results: A total of 115 students of MBBS first year participated in the study. There were a total of 31.3% (36) boys and 68.7% (79) girls. Thirty three percent (38) had a family history of hypertension. 16.52% (19) had a BMI more than the normal. Among the study participants only 5 students (4.35%) used to consume alcohol and smoke cigarettes. Most of study participants consume fast food and junk food.
Conclusions: High prevalence of different modifiable risk factors for hypertension revealed among the study subjects.There is need to screen the modifiable risk factors from very early age.
A cross-sectional study on knowledge of epidemiological determinants, prevention and management of rabies among MBBS interns of a tertiary health care center of central India
Authors: Mishra Astha , Jadhao Ashok R. , Pandey Sagar , Khetre Kaustubh D.
Published: March 2024

Background: According to World Health Organization (WHO), rabies is a vaccine-preventable, zoonotic, viral disease caused by Lyssavirus type 1. It causes 20,000 deaths annually in India. MBBS interns represent the physicians who will graduate and practice medicine from next year. Hence, keeping this in mind, the present study was carried out to assess the knowledge regarding epidemiological determinants, prevention and management of rabies among MBBS interns.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2023 to June 2023 among 200 MBBS interns of Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Data was collected by the self-administered, pre-designed, pre-structured questionnaire and was analysed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software version 25.
Results: It was seen that the mean age of participants was 23.34 (±0.859) years. The majority of participants were males (51.5%). The majority (80%) of interns knew the correct causative agent of rabies, while only 40% knew the correct incubation period of rabies. The majority, that is 63.5%, 85.5% and 75% of interns, knew the correct route, site and schedule of post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) respectively. Only 26.5% interns knew the correct management of category I animal bites, while 74.5% and 89% knew the correct management of category II and category III animal bites, respectively. The mean total knowledge score among interns was 13.17±2.63.
Conclusions: The study found that interns with experience in dealing with animal bite cases had significantly higher total knowledge scores. To improve knowledge, interactive animal bite case-dealing sessions and regular CMEs should be conducted.
Assessing the effect of women’s empowerment on their dietary intake: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rastogi Priyanshu , Pandey Rohit , Mehra Sunil , Sharma Shantanu
Published: March 2024

Background: Women empowerment is an important strategy to reduce maternal and child undernutrition, which continues to be a major health burden in low- and middle-income countries. The present study aimed to assess the effect of women empowerment on their dietary intake in the two selected blocks of Sultanpuri urban slums, West Delhi.
Methods: The baseline was conducted using a cross-sectional research method with girls and women (15-35 years). The research was conducted through a predesigned, pretested, semi-structured questionnaire to capture the information on socio-demographic profiles along with knowledge on social skills, self-esteem, and decision-making. The data were collected on the consumption of food groups in the last 24 hours from 2402 girls and women. We employed unadjusted and adjusted step-wise regression models to assess the effect of domains of women empowerment on dietary intake.
Results: The median (interquartile range) age of the women was 27 (22-31) years. We found a 0.17-point increase in the dietary diversity score per one-unit increase in the self-esteem score of the women. Similarly, there was a 0.06-unit increase in the dietary diversity score per one-unit increase in the social skills score of the women. The association remained statistically significant even after adjustments for co-variates like age, education status, and socio-economic status.
Conclusions: The present study recommends that focusing on women's empowerment dimensions, particularly social skills, self-esteem, and decision-making power, can be an effective strategy for improving dietary intake among women.
Does nutritional support under programmatic settings result in weight and body mass index changes among tuberculosis patients? Evidence on the impact of nutritional support through Pradhan Mantri Tuberculosis Mukt Bharat Abhiyan under national tuberculosis elimination programme from Ramgarh district of Jharkhand
Authors: T. Anupama , Priyadarshini Megha , Sinha Swaraj , Narain Smiti , Ghosh Pritam , Mitra Anindya , Prasad Ranjit , Prasad Mahalaxmi
Published: March 2024

Background: To increase community participation in tuberculosis (TB) elimination efforts, the government of India has launched ‘Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharath Abhiyan’ (PMTBMBA) under the national TB elimination programme. The scheme allows interested parties (Ni-kshay mitras) to offer nutritional support to TB patients. This study aims to understand the impact of such a support in improving weight and body mass index (BMI) among TB patients as most available evidence comes from research settings.
Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in Ramgarh district of Jharkhand, India, for the period first quarter 2023. Relevant data was extracted from Ni-kshay web portal and TB treatment cards. The data is analyzed using excel 365.
Results: Of the 114 participants, 69 received nutritional support during the entire duration of treatment and 45 received support partially. Single factor ANOVA on weight and BMI gain revealed statistically significant difference in mean weight/BMI between the two groups with F (1, 110)=35.4660, p=3.16×10-08 and F (1, 110)=22.9994, p=5.12×10-06. Correlation analysis showed a moderate correlation between the number of nutritional kits received and the weight/BMI gain with correlation coefficients r=0.5, p=1.07×10-07 and r=0.4, p=1.65×10-05 respectively.
Conclusions: The study concludes that the impact of nutritional supplementation in programmatic setting is comparable with that of implementation research study settings.
Assessment of awareness and attitude towards radiation hazards and safety in the general population
Authors: Dahiwade Ayush , Kalaskar Ashita , Parate Amit , Kalaskar Ritesh
Published: March 2024

Background: Dental radiologists, technicians, and other personnel understand the significance of radiation risks and, consequently, patient safety. It is equally important to know the understanding of patients visiting the hospital,which will assist in identifying gaps in patient education.
Methods: Patients (n=300) visiting the outpatient department were given a pre-validated questionnaire form, which consisted of 17 questions distributed separately in order to assess awareness and attitude. The responses collected were statistically analysed.
Results: Patients who are literate and have fairly good socioeconomic status are expected to be more aware and concerned about their attitude towards radiation safety and hazards, although fewer illiterate people are also expected to be equally aware and concerned.
Conclusions: Despite many efforts by authorities, there seems to be a need to spread more awareness about radiation safety and hazards among the general population, irrespective of their background characteristics and educational status, and thus improve their attitude towards the same.
Knowledge, attitude and practice about menstruation and menstrual hygiene among adolescent school girls of rural field practice area of tertiary care hospital, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Reddy Kamuni Madhuri , Pasha M. A. M. , Fatima Afsar
Published: March 2024

Background: As the reproduction starts from the puberty and in which most of the girls will be not aware of menstruation and they will lack the knowledge as most of the girls will be in school age group. This study is done to understand their knowledge, attitude and practice on menstruation and menstrual hygiene in school going girls.
Methods: A school based cross sectional study was conducted after getting ethics committee clearance during August-September 2023 (2 months) in RHTC field area of Santhiram medical college, Nandyal among high school girls of 8th, 9th and 10th classes by simple random sampling method with sample size 230, study tool was pre-designed, pre-tested, semi structured questionnaire by interview method collected data and analysed by SPSS 25 version.
Results: In this study out of 230 participants about 43% were under the age group 13 years, 57.8% were have knowledge on menstruation and 60% were not aware of origin of blood and 76.1% are attending school during the menses, 31% of girls Still feels embarrassing buying pads, 40% don’t attend to perform house activities and sitting at the corner. Only 51.7% are using dustbins for disposal.
Conclusions: This study results shows that girls have a poor knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene. There is a gap between knowledge and menstrual hygiene and usage of proper sanitation, school administration and health facilities should conduct awareness programmes on menstrual hygiene.
Morbidity pattern of communicable diseases in a tertiary care hospital in metropolitan city of western Maharashtra
Authors: Kulkarni Vrushali V. , Gurav Nitin I. , Yadav Amit M. , Samel Dinesh R.
Published: March 2024

Background: In India, infectious diseases continue to be predominant with emerging non-communicable diseases, imposing a double burden of diseases on health care system. Hence, the tertiary health care hospital-based study was done to compare the morbidity pattern of communicable diseases with respect to non-communicable diseases.
Methods: A 2 years’ record-based data of admitted patients was collected in a tertiary health care hospital. The data was analysed using Microsoft Excel version 365. Significance of association and difference in proportions has been checked with chi-square test and Z test for SEDP respectively at significance level of 0.05.
Results: During the study period of two years, 6818 patients were admitted in the hospital, of which 74.51% suffered from communicable diseases while 25.49% suffered from other types of disease including non-communicable diseases. Of the 5080, patients with communicable diseases, 57.74% were males and 42.26% were females. Communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases had male predominance (p<0.05) and was higher amongst age group 0-15 years (p<0.05). Hospital stay was prolonged in patients suffering from communicable disease (p<0.05). Significant increased difference was found in AFI, Malaria, Dengue and in Leptospirosis prevalence and significant decreased difference was found in acute gastroenteritis, IV, Covid-19, Respiratory infections and enteric fever (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Communicable diseases continue to be a major threat to public health system in India. Through effective surveillance programmes, any change in trends of disease can be identified and suitable measures can be adapted to control and prevent it.
Nadifit, data-driven diagnosis: a clinical study for evaluating the significance of traditional Chinese medicine organ patterns through pulse diagnosis (nadi pariksha) for accurate pathology predictions
Authors: Y. C. Manjunatha , B. Raghu , Y. C. Pavan Kumar
Published: March 2024

Background: Pulse diagnosis or nadipariksha, is a traditional diagnostic technique utilized in ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine, analyzing various pulse characteristics such as force, patterns, rate, and rhythm to discern underlying health conditions. This method integrates TCM's five-element energy levels and Ayurveda's Tridosha levels to accurately identify the root cause of diseases, enabling practitioners to tailor treatments accordingly. In today's fast-paced world, the need for efficient health monitoring is imperative. However, finding expert practitioners proficient in pulse diagnosis is becoming increasingly challenging, necessitating the development of systems capable of providing personalized health insights based on accurate root-cause analysis.
Methods: In this study, we compared predicted symptoms derived from objective TCM organ pattern analysis using the Nadifit pulse diagnosis system with subjective clinical assessments of patients' symptoms. TCM organ patterns were determined based on the combination of five elements and their Yin/Yang energy levels. Pulse signals were collected from 105 individuals and compared with clinical evaluations of patients' symptoms.
Results: The analysis revealed a high level of agreement between the clinical assessment of symptoms and the predicted organ patterns, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.82. This suggests that objective pulse analysis effectively identifies root causes, aligning with subjective assessments.
Conclusions: The findings of this study underscore the validity and reliability of objective pulse analysis in diagnosing health conditions. By demonstrating significant agreement with subjective clinical assessments, this method provides a promising avenue for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and facilitating personalized treatment strategies based on individual health profiles.
Faces of tuberculosis: a riveting exploration into demographics and health profiles of patients in rural Jharkhand
Authors: Bagti Putul , Jagadeesh Bharath , Tirkey Neelima
Published: March 2024

Background: Tuberculosis is a pressing health concern in Jharkhand, India, claiming 13,000 lives annually. This retrospective study, conducted by Tata steel foundation, delves into the health and sociodemographic profiles of TB patients in the tribal-dominated East Singhbhum district. Noteworthy findings include risk factors such as Anaemia, Diabetes compounded by challenges like limited access to health facilities. TSF's initiatives, including Nikshay Mitra and support for NTEP, are crucial components in addressing TB in the region.
Methods: A retrospective study (September to November 2023) analyzed records from TSF's DOTS centre in East Singhbhum. Data from 2019-2023 were extracted and analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: The average age of 293 patients was 37.36±14.97 years, with 83.6% belonging to Scheduled Tribes. Sputum analysis revealed a 61.4% positive rate for Acid Fast Bacillus. Notably, 85.3% completed treatment, and abnormal chest radiographs were observed in 99.3% of cases.
Conclusions: The proposed way forward outlines actionable strategies to further strengthen TB awareness, focus on challenging districts, engage communities, and collaborate with government health centers. Regular research and monitoring, coupled with periodic impact assessments, will be crucial for adapting and refining interventions in alignment with the dynamic landscape of TB prevalence.
Prevalence of pre-diabetes and its associated risk factors among people in rural field practice area of Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore
Authors: K. S. Achuth , Subramanian Mangala , C. Pradeep
Published: March 2024

Background: India harbours a significant diabetic population, with over 60 million adults affected, a substantial proportion of whom remain undiagnosed or untreated, elevating the risk of complications and premature mortality. Identifying prediabetes and advocating lifestyle modifications become imperative in such a scenario. This research aimed to gauge the prevalence of prediabetes and associated factors among adults in the rural field practice area of Vydehi institute of medical sciences and research centre, Bengaluru.
Methods: A cross-sectional study targeted individuals above 30 years in Vydehi institute of medical sciences and research centre's rural field practice area. A house-to-house survey screened for prediabetes.
Results: Among 895 subjects, 128 (14.3%) exhibited prediabetic conditions. Prediabetes was notably prevalent in the 36-40 age group (18.8%), with 52.3% being males. A majority (77.4%) lacked a family history of diabetes, and 62.5% belonged to the lower-middle class. Sedentary lifestyles were prevalent (83.6%), with 83.6% consuming mixed diets. Elevated BMI was common, and a statistically significant association existed between BMI, waist circumference, and prediabetes (p<0.05). Similarly, education level significantly correlated with blood glucose control (p<0.01). Merely 7.0% of subjects were aware of prediabetes, mainly through health personnel.
Conclusions: The study highlights a high prediabetes prevalence, coupled with low awareness and knowledge of blood sugar control. It underscores the necessity for strategic screening and intervention programs in the community to forestall prediabetes progression to diabetes.
Perspectives of healthcare workers on chemotherapy treatment in selected facilities in Kenya
Authors: Mchidi Nebert , Oyore John , Ogweno Gordon
Published: March 2024

Healthcare workers are better placed to recognize the drivers of the cancer health care experience by patients, an important ingredient in shaping the realization of the third pillar of the Kenya National Cancer Control Strategy. To adequately assess health systems and identify bottlenecks in cancer care, a triumvirate of factors including patient, health system, and health workforce need to be considered. For context, Kenya’s health ministry reports that 70-80% of cancer patients in Kenya are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease, a pointer to a gap in the detection and linkage of cancer patients to care. With increasing cancer incidence, cancer treatment centres will experience increased patient loads and will be overwhelmed in addressing individualized patient needs. Health workers can offer information on what the cancer care situation is currently like, and lessons drawn from their experience used to create adequate health systems. An adequate health system has been fashioned as one that not only address patients' needs but also generates adequate information needed to inform the transformation of those systems in line with the goals contemplated in quality healthcare. The aim of this study was to explore (i) the perspectives of health workers on the characteristics of cancer patients seen in treatment facilities and (ii) the capacity of cancer treatment facilities in the management of cancer. A key informant approach using semi-structured interviews was carried out with sampled respondents consisting of health workers (n=12) in selected facilities who were providing outpatient chemotherapy treatment. Data analysis involved transcribing the interviews into first-person narratives and then analysed using the three-dimensional framework. Subsequently, thematic analysis was applied to generate themes. Data analysis generated three main themes: characteristics of patients receiving chemotherapy treatment, capacity of the facility to manage cancer patients, and factors that hinder effective cancer care provision. Cancer care in Kenya is impeded by poverty, staff shortages, and lack of adequate cancer care. There is a need to reorient cancer care with an emphasis on integrated cancer care delivery modalities.
Unveiling the unusual: a fatal case of brucellosis with multi-organ involvement
Authors: Sami Hiba , Ahmad Haleema , Zafar Lubna , Varshney Luakik , Gururaj K. , Khan Parvez A. , Fatima Nazish , Khan Haris M.
Published: March 2024

Brucellosis in humans is one of the most common zoonoses. The infection is caused by various species of Brucella bacteria. Brucella infections frequently affect several organ systems with vague clinical symptoms. Humans typically acquire brucellosis through direct contact with infected animals or consumption of contaminated animal products like unpasteurized dairy. It poses significant clinical challenges due to its varied presentation. The disease manifests with a range of nonspecific symptoms including fever, sweating, fatigue, joint and muscle pain, and loss of appetite. Brucellosis can also affect various organs such as the liver, spleen, heart, and nervous system. Diagnosis often involves blood cultures, serological tests, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect the bacteria or antibodies produced by the immune system. This case report presents the clinical course of patient X, a 58-year-old female who succumbed to death following an unusual presentation of brucellosis. Despite initial diagnostic challenges, the identification of Brucella melitensis in her blood marked a critical turning point. The case highlights the importance of considering Brucellosis in patients with persistent fever and multi-organ involvement, emphasizing the need for early recognition and appropriate management.
Dirofilariasis presenting as subcutaneous nodule: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Vaishnav Priteshkumar D. , Nayak Chitralekha , Joshi Aparna , Kalangutkar Amit
Published: March 2024

Dirofilariasis is an emerging rare zoonotic disease in which man is a dead-end host and it is transmitted by mosquitoes. The cases of dirofilariasis are increasing over the past few years. Several species of the genera Culex spp., Aedes spp., and Anopheles spp. are involved in the transmission of this parasite. These species represent a constant risk of infection because they feed on both animal and human hosts. For this reason, dirofilariasis is considered an emerging public health problem because of its zoonotic potential. Most of the cases are ocular and subcutaneous presentations are rare. Here, we present a rare case of dirofilariasis presenting as a subcutaneous swelling near the knee joint. Dirofilariasis should be kept in mind as one of the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous nodule. In endemic areas, it can present in atypical forms like rash similar to this case; therefore, clinicians should be aware about this disease.
Secondary impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to oral health: as integrative review
Authors: Araujo Monicky M. , Rodrigues Maria da P. , Oliveira Sydia R.
Published: March 2024

The damage resulting from the pandemic will be lasting, at all levels of health care, with a strong influence on the use of dental services. This integrative review aims to identify the secondary impacts of covid-19 on access to oral health. Data were collected from SciELO, PubMed/Medline; BVS/Lilacs. The selection of studies initially occurred by reading the titles and abstracts, then selecting the articles that should be read in full. Snowball strategy was used from the selected studies. In total 388 studies were collected and 24 analyzed. After reading the texts in full, it was possible to observe that they are divided into themes: dental problems faced by users of health systems during the pandemic; immediate solutions to face the great demand for dental care; projections of public policy need for the future. Restrictions imposed on dental care had a negative impact on health services, mainly affecting the poorest segments of the population. Expanding access to dental treatments and water fluoridation are urgent measures that must be implemented, in addition to the application of public policies aimed at oral health. or, such as sitting time throughout the day, in addition to the importance to increase the physical activity pattern.
Health situation analysis of cervical cancer in Delhi
Authors: Sharma Jyoti , Dhanasekaran Kavitha , Yennapu Madhavi
Published: March 2024

The capital city of India, Delhi is endowed with a plethora of multi- and super-specialty hospitals, both private and government, for treating various diseases. Patients from around the globe seek medical care in Delhi. The primary healthcare system is robust, with a network of newly established Mohalla and polyclinics. However, when it comes to a sensitive disease, ‘cervical cancer’, all glorious claims mentioned above seem to be inadequate. Cervical cancer is the 2nd most common cancer among Delhi's females. Delhi was 1st state to launch HPV vaccination as a public health program in 2016 despite resistance from civil societies. A situation analysis from literature reveals that cervical cancer screening services at the primary and secondary levels are on the backburner in Delhi, which is also evident from the poor screening habits of Delhi's females (0.7%) according to NFHS-5. This prompts questions regarding organization of the cervical cancer prevention program (NP-NCD) and the delivery of screening services in Delhi. In this review we have tried to illuminate the contemporary landscape of cervical cancer burden, screening, and treatment, while also identifying opportunities for enhancing cervical cancer management in Delhi. The study finds that implementation research targeted at finding barriers in program organization and service delivery would help strengthen the capacity of Delhi’s health system.
Exploring onco-fertility perceptions in India: a narrative review of psychosocial factors and implications for patients well-being
Authors: S. Ramya , Sheelam Praveen K.
Published: March 2024

Onco-fertility, the confluence of cancer and fertility preservation, is vital in modern healthcare. As global cancer survival rates rise, more patients aim to overcome cancer and safeguard their reproductive potential. This review explores onco-fertility in India, emphasizing psychosocial factors. It acknowledges cancer's profound implications on fertility, stressing informed decision-making and comprehensive care for dual challenges. The review explores various preservation options for both genders, highlighting India's evolving landscape. India's onco-fertility landscape, driven by rising cancer diagnoses and disparities, needs tailored services. Understanding psychosocial factors is crucial for addressing emotional distress, cultural contexts, and communication barriers. This review delves into factors influencing decisions and well-being, informing practices to better serve Indian cancer patients. Examining psychological distress and decision-making in balancing treatment and fertility preservation, it explores cultural, religious, and ethical considerations. It underscores the need for comprehensive psychosocial support. Addressing psychosocial factors is vital for enhancing cancer survivors' quality of life. The review emphasizes bridging information gaps, providing emotional support, promoting informed decision-making, and fostering collaboration. It calls for further research and initiatives to advance onco-fertility support, considering India's diverse psychosocial landscape.
Development of Science in Conjunction with Economic Growth: Global Trends and Patterns
Authors: Varenik Maria
Published: March 2024

The formation of artificial communities within the framework of various types of mathematical and computer modeling, primarily agent-based, requires confident knowledge about the degree and nature of the interaction of the simulated agents, components and elements of the system being studied. The work reveals patterns of influence of scientific and innovation indicators on the level of the economy in countries around the world. Based on measuring the level of correlations between the publication activity of the countries of the world, the per capita level of R&D expenditures, patent activity and the number of researchers with the level of their economy relative to the population, it is shown that the indicators of the conjugation of the scientific and innovation sphere of countries and their level are quite high, in general intensified from 2010 to 2022. Since 2010, the ratio of the levels of mutual dependence of indicators of scientific and inventive activity and the relative values of national economies has changed; among other indicators, the highest level of correlation in 2022 is characterized by publication activity. The level of interconnection has largely increased due to the sharp intensification of the level of scientific development of rich oil and gas producing countries. Considering Russia’s place in global trends in scientific development, the author concludes that it is advisable to increase funding for scientific research in Russia while maintaining the course of supporting the productivity of fundamental science.
Algorithm for Generating Random Vectors in Economic models
Authors: Bragin Alexey
Published: March 2024

The initial step in constructing a multi-agent population model is the construction of a set of agent objects, the attributes of which will be distributed in accordance with statistical data about the real population, the model of which is to be built. These attributes, depending on the type of model, may include geographic location, social connections, employment, education, and income level, but the common point is that such data are often frequency tables of certain levels of classification of the values of individual traits of individuals in a population. Each table characterizes the distribution of one random variable. Each agent should be assigned attribute values according to these distributions. Unlike other models that have been closely related to specific agent environments, this paper presents a generalized approach that offers a universal tool for assigning agent attributes that can be easily integrated into various modeling scenarios. This stage of modeling can be performed using a generator of pseudo-random vectors. The distribution of element values in each position will correspond to the given frequency tables. The article addresses the issues of developing an algorithm for such a generator, assessing its accuracy and efficiency, as well as demonstrating its application using several examples.
The Impact of Regional Differences in Food Consumption on the Economy
Authors: Masterova Svetlana
Published: March 2024

This article analyzes the impact of regional differences in food consumption on the economy. Various factors that influence the diversity of food consumption in different regions, such as climatic conditions, cultural characteristics, economic level and availability of products, are considered. The impact of these differences on the development of the agricultural sector, trade and infrastructure is also being investigated.
The use of artificial societies, in particular agent models, allows for a deeper and more detailed analysis of the impact of differences in consumption on the economy. These approaches take into account a wide range of factors and relationships between market participants, which may not be possible using traditional research methods. The use of agent models allows us to take into account the behavior of individual market participants, their interaction and adaptation to changing conditions. This makes it possible to more accurately assess the impact of regional differences in food consumption on the economy, predict the possible consequences of changes in consumption and develop strategies to optimize production and distribution of products. Analyzing the impact of regional differences in food consumption on the economy is an important step for developing effective agricultural, trade and infrastructure policies.
JSM Method for Automated Research Support and Trust in its Results
Authors: Finn Viktor
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the conditions for accepting the results of JSM research. Three types of truth values are defined - correspondent, coherent and pragmatic.
Pragmatic truth values are determined through semantic types of empirical regularities. Three types of trust in JSM studies are considered: maximum, acceptable, and minimum. The quality characteristics of JSM research are also determined.
Establishment of trust is carried out in the cognitive interface module of intelligent systems (IS-JSM). IS-JSM are a constructive tool for knowledge discovery. The article proposes improved definitions of induction and abduction – the logical means of the JSM method of ARS, based on the principles of constructive evolutionary epistemology and the concept of empirical qualitative causality.
Human Cyborgisation: Social and Cultural Aspects
Authors: Gurov Oleg
Published: March 2024

The author of this article presents human cyborgisation as a paradigmatic shift in the evolution of Homo Sapiens, in which the integration of technology into the human body not only alters physical capabilities but also reshapes social and cultural landscapes. The paper examines a few current narratives surrounding the cyborgisation of the human and explores their implications for human identity, agency and, more generally, 'the human'. Drawing on several interdisciplinary sources, including the philosophical writings of contemporary scholars and the legal discourse on the specific situation in Slovenian jurisprudence, the author analyses an engineering-pragmatic narrative focused on human progress and enhancement and a cultural-humanist narrative based on the discourse on the preservation of human dignity and autonomy. The study also considers a biological-evolutionary perspective, which sees cyborgisation as one illustration of adaptability and a tool for human cognitive enhancement. Through this analysis, the author seeks to illuminate some facets of the complex interplay between technological progress and the social system within which modern humans exist, and to contribute to the debate on the role of cyborgisation in the ongoing development of humanity.
THE ROLE OF REFERENCE GROUPS AS MODERATING THE EFFECT OF PRICE PERCEPTION AND PRODUCT QUALITY ON BUYING INTENTIONS OF HONDA BRAND MOTORCYCLES IN PACITAN REGENCY
Authors: Sofiani Novi , Cahyono Edi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to: (1) analyze the effect of price perceptions on purchase intentions of Honda motorbikes in Pacitan Regency, (2) to analyze the effect of product quality on purchase intentions of Honda motorbikes in Pacitan Regency, (3) to analyze reference groups to moderate the effect of price perceptions on purchase intention of Honda brand motorbikes in Pacitan Regency, and (4) to analyze the reference group moderating the effect of product quality on purchase intention of Honda brand motorbikes in Pacitan Regency. The population in this study are consumer buyers and users of Honda motorbikes in Pacitan. The sample is 100 consumers, buyers, and users of Honda motorbikes in Pacitan Regency. Sampling was done by incidental sampling. The data collection method used a questionnaire. Data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis and Moderated  Regression Analysis (MRA). Based on the research results, it is known that the perception of price and product quality has a positive and significant effect on the purchase intention of Honda motorbikes in the Pacitan Regency. Meanwhile, the reference group could not moderate the effect of perceived price and product quality on purchase intention of Honda motorbikes in the Pacitan Regency.
STRATEGIES TO INCREASE MUSLIM CONSUMER LOYALTY IN THE TIME OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Kusumawati Dyah , Andayani Sri Umiatun , Suparto Diryo
Published: March 2024

This study was conducted to determine the extent of the influence of promotional strategies, product quality, and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty to Indosat Ooredoo card customers. The type of research used is explanatory research. The population is all Indosat Ooredoo card customers in Demak Regency. The technique of determining the sample is by purposive sampling. In this study, the number of samples used was 131 respondents. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. Data collection techniques through online questionnaires using a Likert scale. Sources of data are primary data and secondary data. The results of this study based on partial testing in this study are each variable namely promotion strategy, product quality, and customer satisfaction has proven to have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. Based on the results of simultaneous testing, it is in a strong category because promotion strategies, product quality, and customer satisfaction are proven to have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty.
THE INFLUENCE OF PERSONAL SELLING, ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEWS, AND RELIGIOSITY ON PURCHASE DECISIONS DURING IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC THROUGH ATTITUDE
Authors: Sari Danang Ario , Utomo Budi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of personal selling, online customer reviews, and religiosity on purchasing decisions during the Covid-19 pandemic by affirming attitudes as intervening variables. Case study of Consumers at the Central Handicraft Industry of Wood, Horn and Bone in Magelang. The data collection method in this study was carried out through a questionnaire distributed to buyers and users of handicrafts. The sample taken was 100 respondents, the analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis with the SPSS 16.0 application. The method of analysis in this study uses path analysis to determine the effect after being mediated by the attitude variable. The results of regression analysis in this study indicate that personal selling and online customer reviews have a positive and insignificant effect on purchasing decisions but religiosity has a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions. Then personal selling and online customer reviews have a positive and insignificant effect on attitudes but religiosity has a significant positive effect on attitudes. In the path analysis test, the attitude variable is able to mediate the effect of online customer reviews and religiosity on purchasing decisions, while the inability to mediate the effect of personal selling on purchasing decisions.