bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"You child is just wonderful!”
Authors: Eldén Sara
Published: July 2018

This article discuss the consequences of the ambiguous view of children in the ethical guidelines – the ambitions to “give voice” while also “protect” – with a point of departure taken in the Swedish context, and in an actual research process of a project on children and care. It shows how the regulation of informed consent through the parent compromises the ideals of child-centred research; firstly, by limiting the child’s possibility to opt in to research; secondly, by affecting the relationship between researcher, child and parent in the research encounter; and thirdly, by jeopardizing the child’s right to confidentiality. The author argues that we should view not only the child’s but also the adult’s consent as a “continuous negotiation” and discusses strategies for strengthening the child’s right to opt in and participate in research on equal terms.
The financial crisis and recent family policy reforms in Finland, Germany and the United Kingdom
Authors: Nygård Mikael , Campbell-Barr Verity , Krüger Nicole
Published: July 2018

The turmoil created by the financial crisis and economic recession in Europe has served as an impetus for austerity measures in many countries. In this article, we ask whether these crises have also triggered reforms in family policy, and we focus on three European welfare states – Finland, Germany and the United Kingdom – countries that are often considered members of different family policy regimes. The article addresses two main research questions. The first one relates to the number, direction and magnitude of family policy reforms in these three countries since the beginning of the financial crisis in 2008/2009, while in the second we discuss whether the reforms observed during this period can be seen as being related to the financial crisis and its later repercussions on the Euro-zone area, or if there are other explanations.
The Challenge of Introducing New Public Management to Kosovo’s Healthcare Sector
Authors: Muharremi Robert
Published: July 2018

The paper outlines the current healthcare sector reform process in Kosovo and the challenges to its implementation. The reform attempts to introduce modern public management principles into Kosovo’s healthcare sector, including a purchaser–provider split, performance incentives, and performance-based contracting, as well as a reorganisation of healthcare service delivery with a view to improving
effectiveness and efficiency. This is the first major reform of the healthcare sector since Kosovo declared independence in 2008, and it intends to replace the healthcare system established by the United Nations between 1999 and 2008. Kosovo’s earlier healthcare system had been characterised by decentralised decision-making, but was re-established by the UN in the form of an emergency healthcare system after the UN was deployed to administer Kosovo in 1999. The reform envisages separating healthcare regulators from healthcare providers
and healthcare purchasers. Kosovo Hospital and University Clinical Services is established as a new entity providing healthcare services, and a new Health Insurance Fund will become the healthcare purchaser. The Ministry of Health will be restricted to the functions of a regulator, divested of all administrative functions in favour of healthcare providers and purchasers. A major challenge lies in the limited capacities of the Kosovo Government to implement such an
ambitious reform. This is also an attempt to introduce modern public management principles into a public administration which is dominated by traditional public administration principles. Lack of implementation capacities and contradictory public administration principles are the most important factors that may endanger the successful implementation of the reform.
Mjerila primjene prava na zaborav i problem temporalnosti slobode izražavanja pred španjolskim sudovima
Authors: Miloš Matija
Published: July 2018

Ovaj rad ima svrhu doprinijeti raspravi o potencijalnim opasnostima prava na zaborav za slobodu izražavanja na internetu. S tom su se svrhom koristile mjerodavne odluke nadležnih španjolskih sudova, koji su imali prilike razviti bogatu praksu primjene prava na zaborav u kontekstu pretraživača interneta. Nakon isticanja temeljnih mjerila kojima se pravo na zaborav vodilo, štete i javnosti te njezina interesa, u radu se raspravlja o odnosu tih mjerila i slobode izražavanja. Središnje mjerilo jest javnost i njezin interes za informacijom, koji su se u španjolskoj praksi tumačili pozivanjem na pravo na pristup točnoj informaciji. Iako se njime unosi specifična temporalnost slobode izražavanja u tumačenje prava na zaborav, ono u trenutačnom uređenju
ne predstavlja bitnu opasnost slobodi izražavanja. Osim toga, moguću opasnost prava na zaborav općenito neutralizira njegova opravdana ograničenost na specifične internetske pretrage.
The Macedonian General Administrative Procedure Act
Authors: Pavlovska-Daneva Ana , Davitkovska Elena
Published: July 2018

U radu se opisuje proces modernizacije i unaprijeđenja općega upravnog postupka u Republici Makedoniji te se daje pregled ključnih novosti i kritički osvrt na njih. Također, navode se standardi i smjernice za funkcioniranje uprave koji su poslužili kao temelj za izradu makedonskoga Zakona o općem upravnom postupku (ZUP-a) te se prikazuju različita teorijska gledišta na njih. Rad započinje definicijom upravnoga postupka u zakonodavstvu i prema različitim doktrinama. Pritom se navodi se nekoliko gledišta: upravni postupak koji se može tumačiti u svjetlu klasične Weberove teorije birokratske organizacije
ili upravni postupak koji se može tumačiti u svijetlu modernih doktrina poput Novoga javnog menadžmenta. Što se tiče zakonodavnih definicija, u radu se opisuje makedonski ZUP ali i podudarni zakoni drugih zemalja (Francuske, Finske, Hrvatske i drugih). Definiciju upravnoga postupka slijedi pregled njegovih osnovnih načela, s osvrtom na ona načela koja su upravo uvedena u Republici Makedoniji. Posebna se pažnja posvećuje načelu proporcionalnosti, načelu delegiranja ovlasti za donošenju odluka, načelu pravne zaštite i šutnji uprave kao njegovom sadržajnom dijelu. Navedena se načela detaljno analiziraju
kao i razlozi zbog kojih su uvrštena u makedonski ZUP, nakon čega se
daje kritički osvrt na svako do njih. Autorice zaključuju da je proces usvajanja ZUP-a krajnje problematičan, te upozoravaju na ozbiljan nedostatak obrazovnih programa usmjerenih na osposobljavanje javnih službenika koji će zakon provoditi u budućnosti.
Komparativna istraživanja javne uprave u hrvatskim znanstvenim časopisima od 2009. do 2015.
Authors: Lehpamer Ivan
Published: July 2018

Difuzija modela upravnih reformi u globaliziranom okolišu 21. stoljeća sve je manje ovisna o geografskim i kulturološkim barijerama. Stoga komparacija i kontekstualizacija upravnih fenomena treba postati esencijalni dio upravne znanosti. Komparativna istraživanja ogledalo su prilika u raznim upravnim sustavima i mogući su orijentir za primjenu
upravnih modela u budućnosti. Značenje komparativne javne uprave i doseg primjene komparativne metode istraživanja u Hrvatskoj autor istražuje metodom analize sadržaja znanstvenih članaka, a naglasak je na komparativnim člancima koji javnu upravu tematiziraju u najmanje dvije države, osim Republike Hrvatske. Pregledom 151 časopisa iz područja društvenih znanosti locirano je 13 komparativnih članaka i 40 studija slučaja, objavljenih od 2009. do 2015. Istraživanje je počelo hipotezom da hrvatski znanstveni časopisi imaju važan komparativni segment koji pridonosi razvoju discipline komparativne javne uprave. Autor djelomično odbacuje početnu hipotezu i utvrđuje da je postojeći komparativni segment hrvatskih znanstvenih časopisa nedostatan, međutim, iznimno komparativno vrijedan.
How to Lead a Locality
Authors: Kuković Simona
Published: July 2018

U radu se analizira primjena aspekata političkog vodstva u slovenskim općinama. Autorica istražuje kako slovenski načelnici shvaćaju svoju ulogu u lokalnoj zajednici, kako gledaju na funkciju političkog vodstva, te koje osobine prevladavaju kod upravljanja slovenskim općinama. Posebna pozornost poklanja se osobinama vođe nasuprot osobinama menadžera, tj. koju od te dvije kategorije načelnici drže važnijom u kontekstu svoje rukovodstvene uloge. Rezultati opsežnog projekta na temu lokalnoga političkog vodstva u Sloveniji pokazali su koje zadatke načelnici smatraju najvažnijima. Radi se o privlačenju sredstava iz vanjskih izvora, osiguranju kvalitetnih lokalnih javnih usluga, poticanju novih projekata u zajednici, te izgradnji vizije budućnosti za općinu. Načelnici su također odgovorili na pitanje u kojim bi područjima općine trebale imati više kompetencija, i tu se pokazalo kako većina drži da općine imaju (pre)malo kompetencija u području lokalnog razvoja. Taj je odgovor u skladu s fokusom slovenskih načelnika na lokalni razvoj u smislu lokalnih ulaganja, razvojnih projekata i razvoja lokalne ekonomije. U radu se također predstavlja nedavno razrađena tipologija osobina načelnika kao vođe u usporedbi s osobinama načelnika kao menadžera. Analiza rezultata upućuje na to da troje od četiri načelnika u Sloveniji posjeduje osobine i radne obrasce svojstvene vođama, dok je postotak onih koji posjeduju jasno izražene osobine i radne obrasce menadžera iznimno nizak. Detaljnom analizom empiričkih podataka došlo se do zaključka da većina slovenskih načelnika upravlja općinama na vizionarski način, s dugoročnom perspektivom razvoja općine na temelju prethodno utemeljenih procedura i pravila. Također su skloni održavanju osobnih kontakata s građanima i uporabi emocionalne inteligencije. U okviru slovenskoga diferenciranog sustava lokalne vlasti načelnici predstavljaju većinom demokratične, proaktivne i strateški orijentirane vizionare koji svoja radna mjesta doživljavaju kao dugoročnu misiju.
The Use of Support Vector Machines When Designing a User-Defined Niche Search Engine
Authors: Jakovljevic Maria , Sommerfeld Howard , Coleman Alfred
Published: July 2018

This study presents the construction of a niche search engine, whose search topic domain is to be user-defined. The specific focus of this study is the investigation of the role that a Support Vector Machine plays when classifying textual data from web pages. Furthermore, the aim is to establish whether this niche search engine can return results that are more relevant to a user than when compared to those returned by a commercial search engine Through the conduction of various experiments across a number of appropriate datasets, the suitability of the SVM to classify web pages has been proven to meet the needs of a niche search engine. A subset of the most useful webpage-specific features has been discovered, with the best performing feature being a web pages’ Text & Title component. The user defined niche search engine was successfully designed and an experiment showed that it returned more relevant results than a commercial search engine.
A escrita, a fala e a leitura como Prática de Ensino num curso de Química Licenciatura: Potencialidades e Limitações
Authors: Pires de Mattos Alex , Scherer Wenzel Judite , Boneberger Behm Mariana
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo consiste num estudo que versa sobre o entendimento de professores de Química quanto ao uso da escrita, da fala e da leitura como Prática de Ensino (PE) num Curso de Química Licenciatura. Objetivamos compreender até que ponto o uso desses instrumentos se caracterizou como PE e de como tal prática se tornou constitutiva do fazer pedagógico do professor. Os dados foram produzidos mediante a análise do Projeto Pedagógico do Curso, dos Planos de Ensino dos Componentes Curriculares (CCRs) específicos de Química (ministrados entre 2013/01 e 2014/02) e por meio de questionários semiestruturados encaminhados aos professores dos respectivos CCRs. Em seguida, para a construção dos resultados, os dados foram categorizados tendo como aporte princípios da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) proposta por Moraes e Galiazzi (2007). As categorias que emergiram do processo analítico remetem para os sentidos atribuídos pelos professores à PE ao fazer e propor o uso dos instrumentos culturais nas aulas de Química. Os resultados construídos apontam para a importância da apropriação da linguagem química pelo uso da escrita, da fala e da leitura tanto para a atuação do futuro professor, bem como para o processo de significação dessa linguagem e o aprender química.
Elaboração de Sequências Didáticas sobre o Ensino de Zoologia: perspectivas e concepções em construção
Authors: Medeiros da Fonseca Eril , Duso Leandro
Published: July 2018

O Ensino de Zoologia é um dos conteúdos programáticos de Ciências e Biologia com maior número de nomes e conceitos a serem memorizados, ocupando grande parte do currículo de Ciências da Educação Básica, comprovando-se pela maioria dos livros didáticos utilizados pelos professores. No entanto, não se percebe na organização dos livros e concepções pedagógicas dos educadores uma compreensão sistêmica dos seres vivos. O objetivo desse artigo é verificar se licenciandos de um curso em Educação do Campo - Licenciatura em Ciências da Natureza souberam realizar uma sequência didática problematizadora para o Ensino de Zoologia, tendo em vista as estratégias didáticas e formas de avaliação. É uma pesquisa qualitativa, baseada na análise temática (MINAYO, 2006). Constatou-se que a concepção de problematização das sequências é relacionada a questionamentos mais descritivos e conceituais, as estratégias didáticas demonstram indícios de um ensino dialógico, houve equívocos conceituais entre instrumentos e critérios avaliativos. Percebeu-se que a produção de sequências didáticas no curso de licenciatura caracteriza-se como um relevante instrumento de planejamento de ensino, oportunizando diversos caminhos metodológicos, formas de avaliação e uma reflexão sobre a prática de aula pelos docentes.
Analisis Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, ROA dan DAR terhadap Audit Delay (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2011-2016)
Authors: Okalesa Okalesa
Published: July 2018

Development of capital market in Indonesia has an impact on increasing demand for financial statement audit. A delay in financial reporting is indirectly interpreted by investors as a bad signal for the company. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the audit delay in the consumer goods sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) observation period is 6 years from 2011 to 2016. This test uses multiple linear regression model. The sample of the research is 27 companies engaged in the industry of goods and consumption. The results showed partially firm size, ROA, and DAR have significant effect on audit delay.

Keywords: Company Size, ROA, DAR, and Audit Delay
Analisis Pengaruh Relationship Marketing terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan pada PT. Pangkalan Baru Indah Pekanbaru
Authors: Octafilia Yusnita , Oktavia Mira
Published: July 2018

Riau is one of the provinces with the largest number of Palm Oil Mill in Indonesia. The large amount of existing Palm Oil Mill and the less amount of customers makes Palm Oil Mill must be able to maintain their business relationship in order to stabilize their selling. The existence of intense competition and the necessity to maintain their business relationship are a phenomenon of this research so the purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Relationship Marketing Inputs to customer loyalty at PT. Pangkalan Baru Indah Pekanbaru. The research is used questionnaires method on 65 customers of PT. Pangkalan Baru Indah Pekanbaru. Data analysis method on this research is used quantitative analysis which analyzes through statistical calculation using software program SPSS version 19.0. The result of this research shows understanding customer expectation, building service partnership dan total quality management have positive and significant effect to customer loyalty in PT. Pangkalan Baru Indah while empowering employees has no significant effect to customer loyalty of PT. Pangkalan Baru Indah Pekanbaru.

 

Keywords : Relationship Marketing, Understanding Customer Expectation, Building Service Partnership, Total Quality Management, Empowering Employees and Customer Loyalty
Pengaruh Service Marketing Mix terhadap Keputusan Nasabah untuk Menabung Pada PT. Bank Mayapada Internasional TBK Cabang A.Yani Pekanbaru
Authors: Wijaya Evelyn , Ariyani Puspa Marantika
Published: July 2018

Right now the amount of bank in Indonesia has reached 115 bank (OJK). Increasing number of bank has impact to increasing level of competition. Marketing becomes one of important activity in the company to keep the company existency to develop and get a profit. This research aims to test the influence of service marketing mix (product, price, place, promotion, process, people and physical evidence) on customer saving decision at PT Bank Mayapada International Tbk Cabang A.Yani Pekanbaru. The sample used are 100 respodents by using accidental sampling method. The data analyzed using multiple linear regression. The result showed that product, place, process and person has a significant effect on customer saving decision whereas price, promotion and physical evidence has no significant effect to customer saving decision at PT Bank Mayapada International Tbk Cabang A.Yani Pekanbaru.

Keywords: Product, Price, Place, Promotion, Process, Person, Physical Evidence and Customer Saving Decision.
Perilaku Masyarakat Pinggiran Hutan terhadap Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat di Kecamatan Gunung Tujuh
Authors: Krama Agel Vidian , Qamilah Nurul
Published: July 2018

This study aims to study the community about Kerinci Seblat National Park in Gunung Tujuh subdistrict about activities and negative activities conducted by the community towards Kerinci Seblat National Park. The research is a qualitative descriptive study, in decision informant with snowball technique. Means of collecting data using interviews, observation and documentation to obtain data on the study area. Data analysis technique is a technique performed Milles and Huberman model analysis of data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The results showed that: (1) A positive behavior forest fringe communities of the Kerinci Seblat National Park in the district of Gunung Tujuh: a) Communities in the District of Gunung Tujuh has prohibited if any of the members of the community who do clearing new land, b) People in Gunung Tujuh District have done reforestation. (2). These negative attitudes towards forest fringe communities Kerinci Seblat National Park in the district of Gunung Tujuh: a) People are still farming in the area of Gunung Tujuh, which belong to the zoning Kerinci Seblat National Park, b) Communities in the District of Gunung Tujuh they were cutting trees in the area of Kerinci Seblat National Park, c) Communities that have search as farmers and have pets, they took off their animals at the area Kerinci Seblat National Park, d) Public Gunung Tujuh still throwing objects which can damage TNKS area, e) Community Gunung Tujuh still hunting animals in Kerinci Seblat National Park. f) People who work as farmers have been doing selective in making wood contained in the Kerinci Seblat National Park.

Keywords: Community, Behavior
Penananaman Nilai Karakter Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri 133 Seluma Melalui Dongeng Sayembara Pandai Tidur
Authors: Raminem Raminem
Published: July 2018

The purpose of storytelling as a form of learning innovation fun for students, especially elementary school students 133 Seluma in learning Indonesian language. The author uses descriptive qualitative methods. The study was taken from the observation and teaching experience in the classroom. With dogeng text analysis developed as a learning material for students. The results show the theme contained in the fairy tale of Sleepy Swarm is the persistence of sleeping youth. While the mandate contained in the story that we must be good at using free time and should not distinguish between the rich and the poor. The value of the characters found in the fairy tale is honest, disciplined and socially responsible. Values ​​of characters in fairy tales or folklore from Bengkulu that often appear based on the story analyzed as much as three stories, namely the character of discipline and social care. Therefore, the character of discipline and social care is very suitable implanted for children.

Keywords: Planting, Character, Fairy Tale.
Melatih Kepercayaan Diri Siswa dalam Menyatakan Tanggapan dan Saran Sederhana melalui Penguatan Pujian pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Magdalena Mariam
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this paper describes the activities and models of Indonesian language learning in SD Negeri 133 Seluma on the material provide simple responses and suggestions. The research method is literature study by using knowledge and teaching experience in class IV SD Negeri 133 Seluma. Where this research illustrates from the observations that exist in the Seluma state primary schools. The results show that gift giving and praise are rewards or rewards for good behavior by children. In the poses of learning in schools many factors that affect the process and learning outcomes are internal and external factors. In the learning of Indonesian in elementary school class IV there is the material meyampaikan opinion rebuttal or suggestion. From the observation of the researcher shows that students are often shy (not confident) in expressing opinions or rebuttal. By providing reinforcement in the form of rewards through the form of praise will train the child to active learning and students are able to express opinions or arguments with an effective language. Based on the experience of the authors in providing learning in class IV, students are very excited if the learning is packed with as attractive as possible. Researchers packed fun learning by awarding rewards through direct speech or verbal or non verbal reinforcement in fourth grade SD Negeri 133 Seluma.

Keywords: Response, Reinforcement, Praise, Learning.
Politeness in Bad Neighbors Movie
Authors: Seli Sastika , Syafitri Dewi
Published: July 2018

The research aims at describing politeness used by Americans in Bad Neighbors movie to express apology. This is a qualitative descriptive research which identified, observed, transcribed the data as well as described them in the sentences. The findings present the strategy of apologizing and the use of address terms overviewed from politeness strategies such as positive politeness, negative politeness and off record. The use of address terms in expressing apology covered terms of addressing in negative politeness includes the use of title plus last name (TLN) (such as Mr. Haywood and Maam) and positive politeness includes different nick names (NN) (such as Mac, Baby, Scoonie, Guys, etc). The variation of apologizing includes direct apology (sorry and I am sorry). In the application of direct apology I am sorry, no address term was used in the expression and it indicates positive politeness. In a direct expression of apology sorry, there was a term of address used preceded the expression and sometimes it also occurred afterward. Based on the description, it can be inferred that most of expression of direct apology expressed in positive politeness because the first speaker wanted to show a more intimate relationship to the second speaker. The position of the terms also affects the purpose and the quality of sincerity of the speakers. This strategy considered to be an effective way to express apology to show that the speaker who committed a responsibility of apologizing regretted the mistakes.

Keyword: politeness, apologizing, term of address
An Errors Analysis in Using Tenses of Students Writing Text at Senior High School
Authors: Syaprizal Syaprizal , Ramadona Ramadona
Published: July 2018

The objective of this investigation was to investigate students errors in writing recount text made by the eleventh grade students of social program Senior High School Number 1 and Senior High School Number 2 Muara Beliti in academic year 2016/2017. The method applied in this investigation was descriptive method. The subject of the investigation was all the eleventh grade students of social program Senior High School Number 1 and Senior High School Number 2 Muara Beliti. The number of the sample was 30 that consist of five students each class and each school. To get the data, the writer used essay test. The test given was an intruction to compose a paragraph in 150 words. Based on the finding of data analysis from the test. The majority errors done by the Eleventh Grade of Social Program Students of Senior High School Number 1Muara Beliti was Verb (55.36 percent) total errors was 62. Punctuation and spelling (4.46 percent) total errors was 5. Preposition (5,35 percent) total errors 6. Pronoun (34.83 percent) total errors was39.The majority errors donethe Eleventh of social program  Grade Students of Senior High School Number 2 Muara Beliti wasVerb (61.67 percent) total errors was 37. Punctuation and spelling (1.66 percent) total errors was 1. Preposition (1.66 percent) total errors was1. Pronoun (35.01 percent) total errors was21. In conclusion, The students did such errors because the students translated directly from Indonesian language into English. Therefore, they forgot to use the correct  pattern of a sentence that consist subject, verb, and object.

Keywords: Writing, Errors, Tenses Analysis, Recount Text.
Model Pembelajaran Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) dan Model Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament (TGT): Dampak terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika
Authors: Ariani Tri , Agustini Duwi
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this research is to know the difference of student physics learning result by using Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) and Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model. The type of research used is quantitative research with experimental research method. The population in this study are all students of class VIII SMP Negeri Air Lesing. In this study the entire population used as a sample, so this research is a sample study with class VIII. 1 as experimental class I and VIII. 2 as experimental class II. The data were collected using a test technique consisting of 7 essay questions. The collected data then analyzed using ttest is tcount = 2,104 and ttable = 2,021. with criteria t count more than ttable, then H0 rejected Ha accepted. Thus the hypothesis proposed in this study accepted the truth. Based on the results of research and discussion it can be concluded that there are differences in the results of physics learning using the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model and Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model At SMP Negeri Air Lesing.

Keywords: Learning Outcomes, STAD Teams Games Tournament (TGT)
Pengaruh Metode Demonstrasi terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika Kelas X MA Almuhajirin Tugumulyo
Authors: Gumay Ovilia Putri Utami , Bertiana Venes
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this research is to know the student learning activity on the implementation of Demonstration model. The type of this research is quantitative with experimental research method with pretest description posttest control group design or experimental control group design. The population in this study were all students of class X MA AlMuhajirin Tugumulyo, two classes were taken randomly that is class X1 as experiment class and class X2 as control class. Technique of collecting data using test technique, test score data of student analyzed by using t-test. Based on the analysis of posttest data of experimental class and control class with significant level α = 0,05 obtained tcount: 6.87 and ttable: 2.02 because t count  more than t table then Ha accepted which means the average of experiment class grade is not same with class control. So it can be concluded that there is a significant influence Demonstration Method on Physics Learning Results class X Ma Al-Muhajirin Tugumulyo 2016/2017.

Keywords: Demonstration Learning Model, Learning Outcomes.
An Efficient Model for Predicting the Segregation Profile of Binary Fluidized Beds
Authors: Al-Agha Mohamed Sobhi , Szentannai Pál
Published: July 2018

In most cases, the stationary fluidized beds are composed of two different particle classes (inert and active particles), and the concentration profile of these binary beds along the vertical axis is crucial regarding the effectiveness of the reactor. The present study introduces a semi-empirical 1D mathematical model for predicting the vertical concentration profile of binary fluidized beds. The proposed model is a developed and applicable version of the so-called Gibilaro and Rowe two-phase model, in which the differential equations describing the jetsam movement in the bulk and wake phases were solved numerically. The main work was to determine the parameters of the basic model, which was carried out by means of an advanced multi-step parameter fitting procedure. A more general form was established, which is based on direct linkage with the operating parameters that can be directly set and measured on the system. Comparisons with very diverse measured data sets available in the literature prove the accuracy of this model. Additional comparisons pointed out that the realization of this model is numerically inexpensive as it is several orders of magnitude faster than the available 2D and 3D models.
Performance of Pinoxaden on the Control of Diclofop-Resistant Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum) in Winter Wheat
Authors: Bararpour Taghi , Korres Nicholas E. , Burgos Nilda R. , Hale Ralph R. , Tseng Te-Ming P.
Published: July 2018

Resistance to herbicides in Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot) is an economically important herbicide-resistance issue in world agriculture. Diclofop-resistant ryegrass is the number one weed problem in Arkansas wheat. Field studies were conducted from 2006 through 2008 at Bredlow corner and Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA to determine the effect of herbicide programs consisting of pinoxaden (Axial) alone or in mixtures with preemergence and postemergence herbicides, along with tillage systems, for managing diclofop-resistant Italian ryegrass. Italian ryegrass control, wheat injury, and grain yield were evaluated. A single treatment with pinoxaden alone resulted in 58% ryegrass control and 1488 kg ha−1 grain yield. The best treatment was metribuzin followed by mesosulfuron, which resulted in 2793 kg grain yield ha−1, a 47% increase compared to pinoxaden alone. In Fayetteville (2006–2007 and 2007–2008), the best treatment was two applications of metribuzin, which yielded about 3700 kg grain ha−1. A single application of pinoxaden resulted in 40% loss of grain yield compared to a single application of flufenacet + metribuzin and almost 50% yield loss compared to sequential application of metribuzin. Yield loss was attributed due to insufficient control of Italian ryegrass. The effect of tillage on Italian ryegrass was inconsistent between years and treatments. In the first year, for example, tillage × herbicide treatments did not differ. In the second and third year, control of Italian ryegrass was better in no-till than in conventional till in both locations. In conclusion, pinoxaden alone could not control diclofop-resistant Italian ryegrass sufficiently. Other herbicide modes of action need to be added to the management program of diclofop-resistant Italian ryegrass, especially one with residual activity such as metribuzin.
Agriculture’s Moral Dilemmas and the Need for Agroecology
Authors: Zimdahl Robert
Published: July 2018

Those engaged in agriculture possess a definite but unexamined moral confidence or certainty about the correctness of what they do. The basis of the moral confidence is not obvious to those who have it, or to the public. In fact, the moral confidence that pervades agriculture is potentially harmful because it is unexamined. It is necessary that those engaged in agriculture analyze what it is about agriculture in society that favors, inhibits, or limits agriculture. All should strive to nourish and strengthen the aspects of agriculture that are beneficial and change those that are not. To do this all must be confident to study ourselves, our institutions, and be dedicated to the task of modifying the values and goals of both.
Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine Airfoil DU 91-W2-250 under Dynamic Stall
Authors: Li Shuang , Zhang Lei , Yang Ke , Xu Jin , Li Xue
Published: July 2018

Airfoils are subjected to the ‘dynamic stall’ phenomenon in significant pitch oscillations during the actual operation process of wind turbines. Dynamic stall will result in aerodynamic fatigue loads and further cause a discrepancy in the aerodynamic performance between design and operation. In this paper, a typical wind turbine airfoil, DU 91-W2-250, is examined numerically using the transition shear stress transport (SST) model under a Reynolds number of 3×105. The influence of a reduced frequency on the unsteady dynamic performance of the airfoil model is examined by analyzing aerodynamic coefficients, pressure contours and separation point positions. It is concluded that an increasingly-reduced frequency leads to lower aerodynamic efficiency during the upstroke process of pitching motions. The results show the movement of the separation point and the variation of flow structures in a hysteresis loop. Additionally, the spectrum of pressure signals on the suction surface is analyzed, exploring the level of dependence of pressure fluctuation on the shedding vortex and oscillation process. It provides a theoretical basis for the understanding of the dynamic stall of the wind turbine airfoil.
Performance Evaluation of Carbon Black Nano-Particle Reinforced Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Rafi Javaria , Kamal Mumtaz , Ahmad Naveed , Hafeez Murryam , Faizan ul Haq Muhammad , Aamara Asif Syeda , Shabbir Faisal , Bilal Ahmed Zaidi Syed
Published: July 2018

Applications of nanotechnology in the pavement industry have increased rapidly during the last decade in order to enhance a pavement’s sustainability and durability. Conventional asphalt binder generally does not provide sufficient resistance against rutting at high temperatures. Carbon black nano-particles (CBNPs, produced by perennial mountain trees’ carbonization) were mixed into the performance grade (PG) 58 asphalt binder in this study. Conventional asphalt binder tests (penetration, ductility and softening point), frequency sweep, performance grading, and bitumen bond strength tests were conducted to study the enhancement in the properties of asphalt binder. Dynamic modulus and wheel tracking tests were also performed to investigate the effect of CBNPs on asphalt mixture properties. Experimental results demonstrated that preferred dosage of CBNPs in asphalt is 10% by weight of the bitumen. Results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and storage stability tests validated homogenous and stable dispersion of CBNPs in the asphalt binder. Asphalt mixtures became stiffer and resistant to rutting at high temperatures by addition of CBNPs in asphalt binder. Significant improvement in bitumen aggregate bond strength was also observed by incorporating CBNPs. It is concluded that CBNPs can be used to effectively enhance the high-temperature performance and consequently the sustainability of flexible pavements.
A Multidisciplinary Approach Reveals an Age-Dependent Expression of a Novel Bioactive Peptide, Already Involved in Neurodegeneration, in the Postnatal Rat Forebrain
Authors: Ferrati Giovanni , Brai Emanuele , Stuart Skye , Marino Celia , Greenfield Susan A.
Published: July 2018

The basal forebrain has received much attention due to its involvement in multiple cognitive functions, but little is known about the basic neuronal mechanisms underlying its development, nor those mediating its primary role in Alzheimer’s disease. We have previously suggested that a novel 14-mer peptide, ‘T14’, could play a pivotal role in Alzheimer’s disease, via reactivation of a developmental signaling pathway. In this study, we have characterized T14 in the context of post-natal rat brain development, using a combination of different techniques. Ex-vivo rat brain slices containing the basal forebrain, at different stages of development, were used to investigate large-scale neuronal network activity in real time with voltage-sensitive dye imaging. Subsequent Western blot analysis revealed the expression profile of endogenous T14, its target alpha7 nicotinic receptor and the familiar markers of Alzheimer’s: amyloid beta and phosphorylated Tau. Results indicated maximal neuronal activity at the earliest ages during development, reflected in a concomitant profile of T14 peptide levels and related proteins. In conclusion, these findings show that the peptide, already implicated in neurodegenerative events, has an age-dependent expression, suggesting a possible contribution to the physiological mechanisms underlying brain maturation.
Vaccinia Virus Shuffling: deVV5, a Novel Chimeric Poxvirus with Improved Oncolytic Potency
Authors: Ricordel Marine , Foloppe Johann , Antoine Delphine , Findeli Annie , Kempf Juliette , Cordier Pascale , Gerbaud Aude , Grellier Benoit , Lusky Monika , Quemeneur Eric , Erbs Philippe
Published: July 2018

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment with the potential to be less toxic and more efficient than classic cancer therapies. Various types of OVs in clinical development, including Vaccinia virus (VACV)-derived OVs, have shown good safety profiles, but limited therapeutic efficacy as monotherapy in some cancer models. Many different methods have been employed to improve the oncolytic potency of OVs. In this study, we used a directed evolution process, pooling different strains of VACV, including Copenhagen, Western Reserve and Wyeth strains and the attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), to generate a new recombinant poxvirus with increased oncolytic properties. Through selective pressure, a chimeric VACV, deVV5, with increased cancer cell killing capacity and tumor selectivity in vitro was derived. The chimeric viral genome contains sequences of all parental strains. To further improve the tumor selectivity and anti-tumor activity of deVV5, we generated a thymidine kinase (TK)-deleted chimeric virus armed with the suicide gene FCU1. This TK-deleted virus, deVV5-fcu1 replicated efficiently in human tumor cells, and was notably attenuated in normal primary cells. These studies demonstrate the potential of directed evolution as an efficient way to generate recombinant poxviruses with increased oncolytic potency, and with high therapeutic index to improve cancer therapy.
On the Removal and Desorption of Sulfur Compounds from Model Fuels with Modified Clays
Authors: Ha Jeong , Japhe Tenzing , Demeke Tesfamichael , Moreno Bertin , Navarro Abel
Published: July 2018

The presence of sulfur compounds in fossil fuels has been an important concern in recent decades as an environmental risk due to the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and accentuation of acid rain. This study evaluates modified clays as low-cost and efficient adsorbents for the removal of dibenzothiophene (BT) and 4,6-dibenzothiophene (DBT). Adsorption was investigated in a batch system with synthetic fuels (gasoline and diesel) as a function of type of clay modification, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of the pollutants, desorption, and isotherm modeling. Maximum adsorption was observed with clays modified with benzyltrimethylammonium ion (BM), achieving a maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of BT of 11.3 mg/g in gasoline and 31.3 mg/g in diesel. The formation of Van der Waals interaction as well as aromatic forces as the main mechanism is proposed based on the results. A 40% desorption was accomplished in 0.1 N HCl. Adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), indicating their optimum properties as adsorbents in fuels. This work highlights the potential use of reverse polarity clays in the elimination of sulfur compounds from model fuels as a low-cost and environmentally friendly purification technique.
Polymer Flow in Porous Media: Relevance to Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Skauge Arne , Zamani Nematollah , Gausdal Jacobsen Jørgen , Shaker Shiran Behruz , Al-Shakry Badar , Skauge Tormod
Published: July 2018

Polymer flooding is one of the most successful chemical EOR (enhanced oil recovery) methods, and is primarily implemented to accelerate oil production by sweep improvement. However, additional benefits have extended the utility of polymer flooding. During the last decade, it has been evaluated for use in an increasing number of fields, both offshore and onshore. This is a consequence of (1) improved polymer properties, which extend their use to HTHS (high temperature high salinity) conditions and (2) increased understanding of flow mechanisms such as those for heavy oilmobilization. A key requirement for studying polymer performance is the control and prediction of in-situ porous medium rheology. The first part of this paper reviews recent developments in polymer flow in porous medium, with a focus on polymer in-situ rheology and injectivity. The second part of this paper reports polymer flow experiments conducted using the most widely applied polymer for EOR processes, HPAM (partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide). The experiments addressed highrate, near-wellbore behavior (radial flow), reservoir rate steady-state flow (linear flow) and the differences observed in terms of flow conditions. In addition, the impact of oil on polymer rheology was investigated and compared to single-phase polymer flow in Bentheimer sandstone rock material. Results show that the presence of oil leads to a reduction in apparent viscosity.
Structural Reasons for the Nonlinear Optical Properties of KTP Family Single Crystals
Authors: Novikova Nataliya E. , Sorokina Nataliya I. , Verin Igor A. , Alekseeva Olga A. , Orlova Ekaterina I. , Voronkova Valentina I. , Tseitlin Michael
Published: July 2018

A brief review focuses on studies into the structural reasons for the nonlinear optical properties of crystals of the potassium titanyl phosphate family, performed at the Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography. Accurate X-ray diffraction data are discussed, providing evidence that the optical susceptibility of crystals is related not only to the alternation of long and short Ti–O bonds in the chains of TiO6 octahedra, but to the geometry of tetrahedral anions and the alkaline cation arrangement in the structure channels, as well. The contribution of each of the three structural components depends on the crystal composition.
Divergence Time Estimation of Aloes and Allies (Xanthorrhoeaceae) Based on Three Marker Genes
Authors: Khodaei Zeinab , Van Wyk Ben-Erik , Wink Michael
Published: July 2018

Aloes and allies are prominent members of African succulent vegetation and especially of the highly diverse Cape Flora. The main goal of this study was to obtain age estimates for alooids by calibrating a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis based on two chloroplast markers (the trnL-trnF spacer region and rbcL gene) and one gene marker (ITS) using a relaxed molecular clock. Seventy four species from all succulent genera of alooids were analysed with MrBayes to infer species relationships. We discuss the age estimates to address the question whether vicariance or dispersal could account for the diversification of Madagascan alooids. In the combined maximum clade credibility tree obtained from BEAST the succulent alooids have split from asphodeloids around 51.8 Mya in Early Miocene. Divergence time age estimation for succulent drought resistant alooids (late Oligocene to early Miocene) correspond well with dates identified for several other plant lineages in southern Africa and does match with the start of dry period in Miocene which triggered speciation and evolutionary radiation of these genera and families. All climbing aloes and some tree aloes which were recently split into new genera are amongst the early diverged group in alooids and the crown node of this group diverged around 16.82 (15.5–22.4) Mya. The oldest node age estimation for aloes from Madagascar (5.1 Mya) is in early Pliocene and our findings support the hypothesis that the Africa-Madagascan divergence is best explained by oceanic long-distance dispersal rather than vicariance. This study is one of the first to give age estimates for clades of alooids in Xanthorrhoeaceae as a starting point for future studies on the historical biogeography of this family of succulent plants which are important for ethnomedicine, and as ornamental and horticultural plants.
Model-Based Temperature Sensor Fault Detection and Fault-Tolerant Control of Urea-Selective Catalyst Reduction Control Systems
Authors: Hu Jie , Wang Junliang , Zeng Jiawei , Zhong Xianglin
Published: July 2018

This paper aims at investigating the fault diagnosis of the selective catalyst reduction (SCR) outlet temperature sensors and fault-tolerant control methods of the SCR system, and three typical faults of downstream temperature sensors were modeled and analyzed to present influences of different faults on the SCR system performances (such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission and conversion efficiency, NH3 slip, urea dosage and ammonia coverage estimation). A temperature model was established to estimate the SCR outlet temperature, and diagnostics were developed based on the differences between model estimates and sensor measurements. Once a downstream temperature sensor fault was detected, the fault-tolerant control will be enabled, and the output of the sensor may be substituted with the estimates of the model. Thus, SCR performances shall be maintained within the acceptable ranges. Moreover, a 0-D SCR model was also established to validate the capability of diagnostics and fault-tolerant control strategy over the European transient cycle (ETC).
Adaptive Virtual Impedance Droop Control Based on Consensus Control of Reactive Current
Authors: Lyu Zhilin , Wei Qing , Zhang Yiyi , Zhao Junhui , Manla Emad
Published: July 2018

It is difficult to achieve accurate distribution of reactive power based on conventional droop control due to the line impedance mismatch in an islanded microgrid. An adaptive virtual impendence method based on consensus control of reactive current is proposed in this paper. A distributed control structure without the central controller has been established. In this structure, each distributed generation unit (DG) is an independent agent, one-way communication is used between the adjacent DGs, and the reactive power sharing is equivalent to a problem of reactive power current consensus. It has been proven that the system is asymptotically stable under the proposed control strategy. When the adjacent DG’s reactive power is not proportionally distributed, the current weight error term will generate a virtual impedance correction term through the proportional-integral controller based on the reactive current consensus control strategy, thus introducing adaptive virtual impedance to eliminate mismatches in output impedance between DGs. Reactive power auto-proportional distribution can be achieved without knowing the line impedance. At the same time, the power control loop is simplified and the virtual impedance compensation angle is employed to compensate the decreased reference voltage magnitude and varied phase angle due to the introduction of the virtual impedance, so the stability of the system can be improved. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed strategy are verified by modeling analysis and microgrid simulations.