bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shadow detection and correction using a combined 3D GIS and image processing approach
Authors: Ridene Safa , Yaagoubi Reda , Sebari Imane , Alajouanine Audrey
Published: August 2020

While shadow can give useful information about size and shape of objects, it can pose problems in feature detection and object detection, thereby, it represents one of the major perturbator phenomenons frequently occurring on images and unfortunately, it is inevitable. “Shadows may lead to the failure of image analysis processes and also cause a poor quality of information which in turn leads to problems in implementation of algorithms.” (Mahajan and Bajpayee, 2015). It also affects multiple image analysis applications, whereby shadow cast by buildings deteriorate the spectral values of the surfaces. Therefore, its presence causes a deterioration in the visual image's quality and limits the information that the former could give. Ignoring the existence of shadows in images may cause serious problems in various visual processing applications such as false objects detection. In this context, many researches have been conducted through years. However, it is still a challenge for analysts all over the world to find a fully automated and efficient method for shadow removal from images.
Introduction and prospects of using Clematis l. in the stavropol territory
Authors: Chebannaya L. P.
Published: August 2020

The article presents the results of long-term research on the genus Clematis (Clematis L.) in the Stavropol Botanical garden. Biological, morphological and ornamental characteristics of varieties are provided; recommendations on selection of assortment and application in vertical gardening are given. For the first time, in the soil-climatic conditions of the Stavropol upland, an introduction study of 29 clematis varieties from six garden groups was conducted. According to the results of a comprehensive assessment, the most stable and highly decorative varieties were selected. In-depth study, parameters that have a significant value in the analysis of ornamental and economic-valuable qualities of varieties were revealed. In the course of research, when evaluating ornamental features, much attention was paid to the shape of the perianth, the size and color of the flowers. It was found that 24 varieties have an open flower shape, and five varieties have a bell – shaped one. The number of sepals varies from 4 to 6-8. In the presented garden groups, 27 varieties have a simple perianth, two with terry flowers. The size of the flower is divided into large-flowered, with a flower size of more than 10 cm and medium-flowered-from 4-10 cm. The color is varied, with many shades, from white-pink-red to blue-purple. When evaluating the prospects of the variety, special attention is paid to the duration and productivity of flowering. Varieties of the Lanuginosa and Patens groups bloom profusely in MayJune on shoots of the previous year and in July-September on annual shoots. In the groups Viticella, Jackmanii, Integrifolia and Texensis, abundant and prolonged flowering occurs on the shoots of the current year. Life forms determine not only the appearance of plants, but also are a criterion for use in garden and Park construction. Varieties of the Integrifolia group are preferably used for decorating low objects. For vertical gardening of structures with a height of more than three meters and as single and group planting varieties of garden groups are recommended Jackmanii, Lanuginosa, Patens, Viticella. The studied assortment, which has a complex of valuable ornamental and economic-biological features, is recommended for use in ornamental gardening and landscaping in the Stavropol territory.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN METODE DISCOVERY TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS X SMK
Authors: Nopikasari Nopikasari , Nurdiana Aty , Rahmawati Fitriana
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan metode Discovery terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas X SMK Tamansiswa Telukbetung Bandar Lampung tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis statistik sederhana dengan uji t. Pengukuran variabel menggunakan tes berbentuk uraian sebanyak lima soal yang terlebih dahulu diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMK Tamansiswa Telukbetung Bandar Lampung tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Dua kelas dijadikan sampel yaitu kelas X OTKP 1 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X AKL sebagai kelas kontrol.Â  Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Cluster Random Sampling. Hasil pengujian hipotesis didapat Â dan dari tabel distribusi pada taraf signifikan 5% dengan . Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas X SMK Tamansiswa Telukbetung Bandar Lampung akan lebih optimal dan lebih efektif jika menggunakan metode Discovery.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Kata kunci : metode Discovery, pemecahan masalah matematikaÂ ABSTRACTThis study aimed in determining the effect in application of the Discovery method to the mathematical problem solving ability inÂ  class X students at SMK Tamansiswa Teluk Betung Bandar Lampung in the academic year 2018/2019. This research was an experimental research with hypothesis testing by using simple statistical analysis by t-test. In measurement of variables were using a test in the form of a description of five questions that were first tested for validity and reliability. The population of this study were students of class X at SMK Tamansiswa Telukbetung Bandar Lampung in the academic year 2018/2019. The two classes were as sampled: class X OTKP 1 students as the experimental class and class X AKL as the control class. Sampling using Cluster Random Sampling technique. The hypothesis testing results obtained tit 5.38 and from the distribution table was at a significant level of 5% with t dat = t-120) = 2.00. It concluded that the mathematical problem solving ability in class X students at SMK Tamansiswa Telukbetung Bandar Lampung should be more optimal andÂ  effective by using the Discovery method.Keywords : discovery method, mathematical problem solving
MANAGEMENT IN CRISIS AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AS A MANIFESTATION OF ORGANIZED ACTIONS
Authors: Wiśniewski B.
Published: August 2020

The article presents considerations regarding the issues of state security management in crisis situations and states of emergency in the context of organized actions. During the research and presentation of the results, a system approach has been utilized, because it turned out to be very useful for practical reasons. Only such an approach creates the possibility for a mechanism to organize the state of knowledge about security. This technique was also picked for the reason that the determinants of the system approach are the features of all activities subjected to supervision of security attainment and maintenance, such as: anticipation, adaptation, purposefulness of action, and focus on development, which are the properties of the system approach. A procedure that still remains a modern way of practical action. The system approach was supported by its features such as: holism, comprehensiveness, essentialism, structuralism, contextualism, teleologism, functionality, efficiency, synergism and development. During the research, the method of source analysis has been used, where the key issue was the analysis of the factual subject matter contained in the source materials, legal acts, scientific and popular science literature. The conducted research indicates that the level of threat determines the use of crisis management and emergency state solutions. Threats that are characterized by limited predictability and dynamic volatility. The research results lead to the conclusion that in the interests of the efficiency, the state is introducing a number of legal and organizational solutions, referring to, among others, crisis management and administration of the state in conditions of emergency. The characteristic feature of the above mentioned solutions is cooperation. Its universality means that it is not always possible to notice its occurrence. Usually, cooperation is mentioned in situations of spectacular activities, apart from the perma-nent, "ordinary" intermingling of the activities of various institutions. The legal and organizational solutions mentioned above take the form of organized undertakings, exceedingly useful in all efforts to provide security of the state. Research also indicates that proper organization of state security system activities is a basic condition for an acceptable level of non-risk to the state as an organization and its components and, above all, citizens.
EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSAL TECHNICIANS OF THE RESCUE BOARD CONFUSED WITH THE RIGHT TO APPLY DIRECT COERCION AND TO USE MEASURES
Authors: Vanaisak U.
Published: August 2020

Background: According to the current Estonian Law Enforcement Act (hereinafter LEA), only competent law enforcement institutions may apply measures of state supervision. Law enforcement institution’s supervision duties are stated in different special acts of law. According to LEA, physical force, special means or a weapon can be used (there-fore direct coercion may be applied) by the police as a general law enforcement institution. The special means that are allowed are handcuffs, shackles, binding means, service animal, technical barrier, means to force a vehicle to stop, water cannon etc. Police service weapons are a firearm, a gas, a pneumatic, a cut-and-thrust and an electric shock weapon. Other law enforcement institutions may apply direct coercion only if allowed in special laws. According to the Rescue Act (hereinafter RA), Rescue Board’s explosive ordnance disposal (hereinafter EOD) technicians may apply direct coercion. However, from amongst the means of direct coercion, EOD technicians may only use handcuffs. Using a firearm is allowed only when performing self-defence. Aim: The aim of the study is to analyse the exhaustive regulation of EOD technician’s tasks and allowed means of direct coercion in the RA. In addition to that, the training programme is looked into to determine whether it is suffi-cient for achieving the desired knowledge and skills. Method: Legal provisions are studied to determine the content of the EOD technicians’ supervisory tasks, al-lowed special measures and the means of direct coercion (comparative analysis of legal provisions). To find out the real needs to apply measures and means of direct coercion, EOD commanders of the Western region were interviewed (questionnaire). Thirdly, EOD technicians’ curricula are analysed to give an overview of the sufficiency of their training (document review). Results: The analysis reveals that all EOD technicians’ supervisory tasks have not been legally regulated. The number of state supervision measures and means of direct coercion is not sufficient to fulfil the tasks stated by the legislator. The curricula do not provide sufficient training for the application of the means of direct coercion.Conclusions: EOD technicians’ supervisory tasks need to be specified in the RA; at the moment, most of them have been regulated only in the statute. The RA must be added the right to conduct security check and examine persons and the list of allowed means of direct coercion must be more versatile (e.g. to add the right to use a gas weapon, hand-cuffs and means to force a vehicle to stop). If EOD technicians are entitled to more rights, curricula must be amended by adding the training for applying the means of direct coercion, incl. the time needed for the practice of the application of physical force must be increased.
EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT FACILITIES CITIES OF TERNOPIL BY THE COMPLEX OF HYDROCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE RIVER SERET
Authors: Pashnyuk V. , Myakush O. , Sysa L.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The quality of wastewater treatment in settlements is an important task of our time. To assess the efficiency of treatment plants in a particular city often use the hydrochemical parameters of the reservoir into which the treated wastewater is discharged. The paper describes the modern sewerage system of the city of Ternopil and the technological process of operation of citywide sewage treatment plants (STP). The purpose of the work is to find out how effectively the Ternopil STP work and whether their activity poses a danger to the Seret River and the inhabitants of coastal settlements. Methods. Hydrochemical parameters of these water samples were studied in the laboratory according to appropriate regulatory methods. Potentiometric, gravimetric, photometric and other methods of chemical analysis were used for research. Results of the research. 2 samples of water from the river Seret were taken for laboratory research. One sample was taken upstream near the outlet of the drain pipes of these structures, the second sample - downstream. Based on the obtained numerical results of the analyzes, the efficiency of the city's treatment facilities was assessed. It is shown that the overall water quality in the Seret River downstream after the discharge of the city's wastewater treatment  plants is satisfactory. The levels of nitrates and phosphates in the studied samples are almost on the border of the MPC, but this is not necessarily due to the poor performance of the city's treatment facilities. There are many agricultural lands on the banks of the river, which often use nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Significant exceeding of the limit value for chemical oxygen consumption can be explained by the warm season (September). At this time, a lot of biological organic matter has accumulated in natural reservoirs. Conclusions. As a result of researches it is established that treatment facil-ities of the city of Ternopil work in a regular mode and provide sufficient sewage treatment. According to open sources, the annual dynamics of the mentioned treatment facilities is shown. As a result, it has been found that since 2017, the efficiency of the city's wastewater treatment at sewage treatment plants remains stable. Such indicators testify to the sufficient efficiency of the treatment facilities of the Ternopilvodokanal utility company.
CREATION OF WORKPLACE FOR PREPARATION OF FIREFIGHTERS IN ORDER TO CONDUCT RESCUE OPERATIONS IN A CONFINED SPACE ON THE HORIZONTAL SECTIONS
Authors: Lushch V. , Velykyy Ya. , Parkhomenko V-P.
Published: August 2020

Every year in Ukraine there are accidents when working in confined spaces, including fatalities. In most cases, people do not perform the necessary pre-screening of the environment and do not use adequate respiratory and visual protection. Work in a confined space is classified as hazardous work because there is a real threat of the release of harmful vapours, gases, and other substances into the working area that can poison workers and cause damage to the body in certain concentrations. Such spaces include open hatches and inspection wells, sewers, trenches, pipelines, ducts, closed cellars and other areas with insufficient ventilation. Quite often, rescue attempts lead to tragedies when both an employee and a poorly equipped, unprepared rescuer (firefighter) are killed at the same time. An analysis of the rescue work in a confined space shows us that it is both horizontal and vertical. Therefore, the effectiveness of rescuing people and carrying out rescue work in a foggy, smoky environment in a confined space depends largely on the level of training of firefighters and their equipment, namely: individual respiratory protection and equipment for the rescue of humans and animals. Therefore, the actual scientific and practical task that needs specific justification will be the choice of the site and structural elements for the work place arrangement and the procedure for conducting rescue operations in a confined space by the firefighters. The article analyzes the tragic cases that have occurred with firefighters and other workers in water and sewerage wells, reservoirs and tanks, the difficulties that arise in carrying out emergency rescue operations in a confined space, and the feasibility of creating such workplaces in order to train firefighters.
METHOD OF CONDUCTING PRACTICAL EXERCISES IN A MULTIFUNCTIONAL SIMULATOR OF CONTAINER TYPE
Authors: Lushch V. , Yakovchuk R. , Voytovych D.
Published: August 2020

The paper analyzes the current state of practical training of firefighters using the existing material and technical base of the garrisons of the Rescue Service of Civil Defense of Ukraine. The existing method of conducting classes in most cases is the same, and the material base does not meet modern requirements and does not allow to reproduce the real conditions of the fire in the process of training personnel. Training of personnel of the fire and rescue service should take place in conditions as close as possible to the real fire, primarily in gassed and smoky rooms. The problem of training firefighters is the use of obsolete training complexes, primarily such as heat and smoke chambers. Existing methods and means of training personnel to work in a smoky and gassy environment, which is modeled on training complexes, do not reproduce the conditions of the fire, and outdated training scenarios allow you to get used to them, which calls into question the effectiveness of such training. technical imperfection is one of the main reasons for improper training of firefighters. Today, the requirements for domestic training complexes are insufficient and do not meet the conditions close to a real fire. As a training complex, in this paper it is proposed to consider a multifunctional container-type simulator, located on the basis of the training ground of Lviv State University of Life Safety. The training of firefighters in a multifunctional container-type simulator takes place in a variety of conditions and situations that allow personnel to be as close as possible to real extreme conditions; have elements of extreme complexity; learn to make decisions independently; create a variety of options for physical and emotional stress. A method of conducting practical classes in a multifunctional container-type simulator for training firefighters has been developed, which in combination with theoretical training will allow to increase the level of their professional training in conditions close to real fires. This technique can be used to train not only professional firefighters, but also members of the newly formed voluntary fire brigades of the united territorial communities.
EFFICIENT FLAME RETARDANTS FOR EPOXY RESINS: SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES
Authors: Pastuhov P. , Petrovskii V. , Lavrenyuk O. , Mykhalitchko B.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. In modern conditions, the combustibility of polymers plays a dominant role in the process of the appearance and spread of fires. This is because the extremely wide use of polymeric materials in all areas of the national economy. Due to the organic structure, the high content of carbon and hydrogen that make up the macromolecules of the polymers, they are extremely combustible. Combustion of polymers is accompanied by high temperature and flame propagation rate, as well as significant smoke generation and the release of a large number of toxic combustion products. Therefore, the search for new ways to reduce combustibility is one of the priority tasks in the creation and implementation of new polymer materials in various industries. Purpose. The aim of the work is the synthesis of fundamentally new complex compounds of transition metals, the study of their structure and properties, as well as predicting the possibility of their use to reduce the fire hazard of polymeric materials based on epoxy resins. Metods. Modern research methods are used in the work: X-ray diffraction, differential thermal and thermogravimetric analyzes, the method of quantum chemical calculations and IR spectroscopy. The ignition and self-ignition temperatures were determined by standard methods according to GOST 12.1.044-89 using metrologically certified equipment and calibrated measuring instruments.

Results. By the direct interaction of the combustible organic amine pepa with inorganic salts of copper(II), a number of chelate complexes were obtained. By methods of x-ray phase analysis and IR spectroscopy, their structure was established. The results of quantum-chemical calculations of the complexation process showed that, as a result of the formation in the pepa–Cu(II) salt system, the chelate complexes [Cu(deta)H2O]SO4·H2O, [{Cu(deta)(H2O)(CO3)}2]·6H2O та [Cu(deta)(eda)]SiF6, the energy state of the chemically bonded pepa changes with respect to free molecules. In addition, the results of thermogravimetric studies and the measured ignition and self-ignition temperatures for pepa and complex compounds clearly showed that the process of bonding a combustible organic amine with a non-combustible inorganic salt into a solid complex ensures a decrease in the combustibility of nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon. All this is an extremely important prerequisite in the implementation of the complex mechanism of flame retardant action of transition metal salts. Conclusion. The results of the studies showed that complex compounds based on transition metal salts, and in particular copper(II), can be successfully used as flame retardants that can effectively reduce the fire hazard of nitrogen-containing synthetic polymers, including those based on epoxy resins.
Power and business in the first years of NEP: The paraffin case
Authors: Goland Yu. M.
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the relationship between authorities and business in 19211922 using the example of the litigation at the end of March 1922 at the Supreme Tribunal of All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) accusing a group of employees of the People’s Commissariat of Foreign Trade, Supreme Economic Council and private intermediaries in the sale and resale of imported paraffin at speculative prices. The uniqueness of this case was that the harsh sentence was quashed by the Presidium of VTsIK, and the case was dismissed. The deal lasted two weeks and was investigated by the Cheka and the Supreme Tribunal by denunciation of one of the customers who was dissatisfied with the growth in paraffin prices during this time. The process went in accordance with Lenin’s directive to combat the abuse of NEP, although the defendants did not break the laws. Investigations and the court attributed normal trading practice to those abuses. It is shown that Lenin’s instruction contradicted the principle of raising the productive forces at all costs previously put forward by himself. The article shows controversy between the leaders of economic departments, who spoke out in defense of the accused and for the development of NEP, and law enforcement officials who tried to limit NEP. The reasons for the cancellation of a severe conviction are analyzed. It is proposed how to use the lessons of the paraffin case to improve present relationships between business and authorities.
Internações Hospitalares por Neoplasias no Brasil, 2008-2018: Gastos e Tempo de Permanência
Authors: Pereira Campos dos Santos Hebert Luan , Melo Maciel Fernanda Beatriz , Silva de Oliveira Rian
Published: August 2020

Introdução: As neoplasias representam a segunda causa de morte no Brasil, no entanto, garantir assistência plena e equilibrada ao diagnostico e tratamento nas Regiões do pais segue sendo um dos grandes desafios do sistema de saúde brasileiro. Objetivo: Descrever as taxas de internação por neoplasias no Brasil entre os anos de 2008 e 2018, mensurar os gastos hospitalares e o tempo de permanência das internações por neoplasias no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Método: Estudo ecológico de series temporais com dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS. Resultados: Na serie historia de 2008-2018, houve 7.578.552 internações por neoplasias no SUS, sendo 59% em pacientes do sexo feminino, 20% na faixa etária de 50 a 59 anos, 43% de cor branca e 44% na Região Sudeste do pais. O gasto total das internações hospitalares por neoplasias alcançou R$ 13.225.554.102,73, com permanência media de 5,4 dias de internação por paciente. Conclusão: Este e o primeiro estudo que utiliza como unidade territorial de analise todo o pais; dessa maneira, espera-se que novos estudos envolvendo a morbidade hospitalar no pais sejam desenvolvidos.
A clinical study of neonatal birth injuries in a tertiary care hospital-NICU, Bijapur
Authors: - Rizwan-u-zama , Jeergal Nazeer Ahmad , Thobbi A N , Katti Sumedha Vijay
Published: August 2020

Background: Neonatal birth injuries are the third major cause of neonatal mortality in most developing countries. Very few studies have been done in India on birth injuries and its relation to various factors such as undesirable presentations and parity. Aim: The present study was conducted to analyze the birth injuries in our setup to know the various perinatal circumstances leading to birth injuries. Materials and Methods: An observational study was done in which 100 cases of birth trauma were noticed among 850 consecutive viable births during the study period of 2 years. Details of the health status of the mother, antenatal, intra-natal, and postnatal particulars, including the age, sex, weight, mode of delivery, type of presentation, and nature of the birth injury in different modes of delivery and type of presentation of the baby were taken. Results: It was found that of 850 newborn babies, 100 babies were found to have birth injuries, thus giving an incidence of 11.76% per 100 live births. Asphyxia formed the major groups which were noted in 45 babies. Cephalohematoma was the next common injury being noted in 32 cases. A total of 18 babies had soft tissue injuries and 4 babies had neurological injuries. Conclusion: Our findings support to use data on neonatal birth injuries as an indicator to assess the quality and safety of maternity units.
ASEAN and Transnational Crime: Gains and Challenges in Tackling Drug Trafficking
Authors: Mok Shen Yang
Published: August 2020

This essay discusses the drug problem in ASEAN, how the drug problem in the region has been securitized, and the challenges faced by ASEAN in implementing effective solutions. ASEAN is home to the Golden Triangle, an area that is located where the borders of eastern Myanmar, north-western Lao PDR and northern Thailand converge along the Mekong River and infamously known as one of the world’s leading regions for narcotics production. To understand the drug problem in ASEAN, one has to approach it from various perspectives that look beyond just the criminality of drug trafficking and the production and consumption of illicit drugs. This article will therefore argue that despite the constant reiteration of the need to tackle the issue of drug trafficking, the ASEAN mechanism has not been able to effectively address the multifaceted nature of illicit drugs in the region due to limitations posed by the “ASEAN Way”.
Current issues of environmental mercury pollution (review)
Authors: Rakitskii V. N. , Synitskaya T. A. , Skupnevskii Sergeii V.
Published: August 2020

The review summarizes the results of studying the problem of environmental mercury pollution and associated risks to public health. Toxicological and hygienic studies include an analysis of the main sources of heavy metal emissions, ways of their distribution in the environment and biological effects on humans. The basis of anthropogenic pollution was shown to include the following: artisanal mining, coal burning and non-ferrous metal production. Out of the places of emissions metal is distributed with atmospheric air over long distances, as evidenced by the results of monitoring studies conducted in the Arctic and Antarctica. Pollution of water is extremely dangerous for human health, since it is proven that the main source of mercury intake is associated with the consumption of fish and seafood. In the soil horizon the toxicant is localized mainly in arable layers but in places where mercury-containing waste is stored, the metal can migrate to a depth of 18 m or more. Analysis of the mechanisms of adsorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion allows concluding: the greatest threat to health are metal-organic forms (methyl-and dimethyl-mercury), which is associated with the high lipophilicity of these compounds. On the example of Minamata disease there is given a description of the characteristic signs of mercury intoxication among which the Central nervous system is the leading one. There are presented the results of the research of biological effects of low metal concentrations and modern means of preventing negative impact on human health. Contact of the General population in production and everyday life determines the necessity for a comprehensive study and coverage of the effects associated with exposure of toxic mercury compounds.
Cardiovascular risk assessment of the population under adverse weather conditions
Authors: Tsallagova R. B. , Kopytenkova O. I. , Makoeva Fatima K. , Nanieva A. R.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Climate change around the world determines the relevance of the study of its effects on the human health. Nowadays, due to the development of modern medical science, the methods of evidence-based analysis of negative impact of the environmental factors on the public health are being widely implemented into preventive medicine. Their use should make it possible to quantify the various risks with high confidence and to manage them effectively. Material and methods. The weather conditions of the territory of Vladikavkaz for a 15-years period (2001-2015) have been studied. On the basis of the data from the primary medical documentation of emergency medical care (EMC) for the same period, the health status of the adult population in the city has been studied. The impact of the meteorological elements under the study on the frequency of seeking EMC was estimated using the relative (RR) and population risks (Rpop) values. Results. For the city of Vladikavkaz (according to the medical classification of weather conditions), high air humidity is typical for 65% of the days in a year, low air velocity (less than 3 m/s) - 77% of the days in a year. Inter-day fluctuations in temperature and atmospheric air pressure, exceeding the optimal levels for the human body, are recorded more than in 30% of the days in a year. Discussion. The city of Vladikavkaz is characterized by windless, wet weather, with frequent inter-day fluctuations in temperature and atmospheric air pressure, which corresponds to the clinically irritating and acute types of weather. Conclusion. The calculations of the relative and the population risks of impact of meteorological changes on the developing of urgent cardiovascular conditions in the population of Vladikavkaz showed RR of combining two unfavourable weather factors to be of 1.081 (p <0.0001), and the Rpop increases by more than 3600 additional EMC calls due to cardiovascular pathology.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU), dan Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) Fisik terhadap Pembangunan Manusia di Provinsi Sumatera Utara (Periode 2016 – 2018)
Authors: Sembiring Tri Asmeli
Published: August 2020

Sasaran yang hendak dicapai dari pelaksanaan desentralisasi fiskal adalah memeratakan pembangunan, baik itu pembangunan ekonomi dan juga pembangunan manusia. Lewat desentralisasi daerah menjadi lebih leluasa dalam mengelola dan mengembangkan potensinya. Pemerintah daerah menggunakan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) sebagai sumber dalam membiayai pembangunan daerahnya. Desentralisasi fiskal juga memiliki dampak yaitu ketimpangan antardaerah, karena daerah memiliki potensi sumber daya alam, sumber daya manusia, karakter, budaya, geografis, dan topografi yang berbeda-beda. Dalam mencegah ketimpangan serta membantu daerah dalam membiayai pembangunannya pemerintah pusat menyalurkan dana perimbangan, seperti Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU) dan Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) Fisik. Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) merupakan salah satu indikator dalam mengukur keberhasilan pembangunan manusia di suatu wilayah dan juga mengukur keberhasilan pemerintah dalam menjalankan fungsinya. Diharapkan dengan pengelolaan PAD, DAU, dan DAK Fisik yang baik maka pembangunan manusia di suatu wilayah dapat meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh PAD, DAU, dan DAK Fisik terhadap pembangunan manusia dengan kabupaten/kota di Sumatera Utara menjadi objek penelitannya selama kurun waktu 2016 – 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PAD, DAU, dan DAK Fisik secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pembangunan manusia. Secara parsial PAD memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pembangunan manusia sementara DAU dan DAK Fisik tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pembangunan manusia.
An Overview of Current and Future Vehicular Communication Technologies
Authors: Knapp Ádám , Wippelhauser András , Magyar Dániel , Gódor Győző
Published: August 2020

The present paper provides a technical overview about the most relevant vehicular communication technologies including IEEE 802.11p, IEEE 802.11bd, LTEV2X and NRV2X. IEEE 802.11p is the most matured one Wi-Fi based technology, and its successor, the IEEE 802.11bd is expected to be released in 2021. As CV2X (Cellular Vehicle to Everything) technologies, LTEV2X (Long Term Evolution V2X) and NRV2X (New Radio V2X) are discussed in this paper. The former one is already available, while the latter one’s final specification will be finalized in 2020 by the 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project). These four technologies also motivate the already started transformation of vehicle industry by enabling basic safety features and more efficient traffic management, as well as cooperative maneuver execution towards high-level automated driving. The comparison of these technologies is essential to clarify their benefits completely. These technologies are considered as competitors, however, it is expected that they will coexist in the same geographical region. Thus, they will share on the same unlicensed frequency bands in 5.9 GHz domain. Therefore, different coexistence scenarios are also discussed in the paper to see how their advantages could be utilized.
CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION BETWEEN BALINESE AND LAMPUNG ETHNIC IN REALIZING SUSTAINABLE PEACE IN BALINURAGA VILLAGE, WAY PANJI DISTRICT, LAMPUNG SELATAN REGENCY
Authors: Kurniadi Akbar , Legionosuko Tri , Poespitohadi Wibisono
Published: August 2020

This article analyses the various factors that caused latent conflict in Balinuraga to be manifest conflict, also how conflict transformation is carried out to change conflictual conditions to be harmonious, destructive to constructive. Indonesian Survey Circle (LSI) noted that Lampung entered into five (5) regions with the worst levels of discrimination after the reformation. So, the researcher feels the need to raise the theme of conflict transformation in Balinuraga as the title and subject matter of this paper. This research was conducted using qualitative methods by collecting data through interviews, observation and documentation. The researcher used several theories and concepts, such as Conflict Theory, Conflict Transformation Theory, Cooperation Theory, Social Identity Theory, ABC Triangle Concept Galtung Conflict, SAT Concept, and Peace Concept. The results showed that conflict in Balinuraga was triggered by juvenile delinquency, extended with the issue of ethnicity and arrogance between groups as an accelerator, and was motivated by transmigration policies and the issue of economic inequality as structural factors. Conflict transformation efforts are carried out in four dimensions, namely personal, relational, cultural, and structural in order to realize sustainable peace and national security.
Keywords: conflict, conflict transformation, ethnicity, culture, and peace
CONTRIBUTION OF SEAWEED CULTIVATION BUSINESS IN EXPANDING JOB OPPORTUNITY AND IMPROVING COMMUNITY WELFARE IN THE DISTRICT OF PANGKAJENE AND ISLANDS
Authors: Abidin S Zainal
Published: August 2020

This study entitled Business Contribution of Seaweed Cultivation in Expanding Employment and Improving Community Welfare in Pangkajene and Islands Districts. The formulation of the problem raised is how the contribution of seaweed cultivation in the Pangkajene and Islands Regency in order to expand employment and improve community welfare and what factors hinder seaweed cultivation in Pangkajene and Islands Districts. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The results showed that the contribution of seaweed cultivation in Pangkajene and Islands Regency was based on the findings that seaweed farming could improve the welfare of the community in the Pangkajene and Islands regencies. So that the utilization of seaweed in Pangkajen district can then be developed towards the commercial sector to be exported and traded as raw material for the manufacture of agar-agar or carrageenan. Factors that hamper seaweed cultivation in Pangkajene and Kepulauan Regency are related to providing business financing and business capital and natural factors because seaweed cultivation depends on seasons and inadequate seeds, so that seeds and capital are needed so that seaweed cultivation can be developed.

Keywords: contribution, seaweed cultivation, community welfare.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM DERADIKALISASI BADAN NASIONAL PENANGGULANGAN TERORISME TERHADAP NARAPIDANA TERORISME DI INDONESIA
Authors: Indrawan Jerry , Aji M. Prakoso
Published: August 2020

Program deradikalisasi sudah berjalan di Indonesia sejak tahun 2012. Program ini menggunakan paradigma pencegahan dalam implementasi kebijakan-kebijakan yang dihasilkannya. Selama tujuh tahun pelaksanaannya, deradikalisasi mengalami cukup banyak tantangan dan hambatan. Sejauh ini, banyak kritik dialamatkan terhadap program deradikalisasi. Kritik-kritik, seperti terkait kurangnya anggaran, fasilitas di lapas, materi deradikalisasi yang diberikan kepada napi terorisme, bagaimana program kelanjutan pasca deradikalisasi, sampai pada persepsi masyarakat terhadap program ini yang cenderung tetap menghadirkan penolakan bagi eks narapidana terorisme setelah kembali ke masyarakat. Masalah-masalah ini muncul dan menjadi hambatan bagi efektivitas program deradikalisasi. Teori yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah teori deradikalisasi dan teori efektivitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan analisis yang bersifat deduktif dan konseptual, serta cara pengumpulan data adalah melalui studi pustaka. Atas dasar itulah, artikel ini ingin melihat efektivitas program deradikalisasi yang dilakukan oleh BNPT terhadap narapidana terorisme di Indonesia.

Kata Kunci: terorisme, deradikalisasi, narapidana terorisme, dan resosialisasi dan reintegrasi
MENJAGA SOLIDITAS BANGSA MELALUI SWAKELOLA ENERGI TERBARUKAN BERBASIS KOMUNITAS MASYARAKAT
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul
Published: August 2020

Masyarakat menjadi salah satu sumber potensial untuk membangun kekompakan, kekuatan maupun kekukuhan bagi bangsa Indonesia. Akan tetapi, membangun kondisi soliditas bangsa Indonesia di tengah arus globalisasi saat ini memiliki banyak tantangan. Salah satunya dengan upaya mengkondisikan masyarakat yang bersatu dalam menjaga soliditas bangsa. Metode penelitian pada kajian ini menggunakan studi literatur dan observasi penelitian penulis sebelumnya. Hasilnya adalah analisis peranan soliditas masyarakat dalam swakelola energi terbarukan menuju kemandirian energi pendukung kekuatan pertahanan Negara, melalui penerapan dasar swakelola energi mencakup: (1) kesadaran pentingnya soliditas warga dalam swakelola energi terbarukan melalui partisipasi masyarakat yang solid dalam suatu komunitas sehingga menjaga kesoliditasan bangsa bukan hanya imbauan yang bersifat normatif, namun perlu ada regulasi yang jelas tentang keterlibatan aktif masyarakat dalam mendukung program pencapaian bauran energi terbarukan 23% pada Tahun 2025; (2) masyarakat menjadi penggerak kesoliditasan swakelola energi yang berhasil memfasilitasi masyarakat lainnya dalam menyediakan energi secara mandiri serta ikut menggerakkan tumbuhnya ekonomi kerakyatan mendukung pertahanan negara.

Kata Kunci: energi, soliditas masyarakat, swakelola
MODEL INTERNALISASI SOFT SKILL BELA NEGARA BAGI MAHASISWA FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK (FISIP) MELALUI KEGIATAN TERINTEGRATIF DAN BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Dewi Machya Astuti , Saepudin Asep , Mulyanto Indro Herry , Arofah Kurnia
Published: August 2020

Artikel ini adalah hasil dari penelitian kelembagaan, yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model internalisasi soft skill bela negara bagi mahasiswa FISIP UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta dalam menghasilkan lulusan yang memiliki karakter bela negara. Dalam penelitian ini, beberapa tahapan dilakukan, yaitu tahap pertama dalam merumuskan soft skill bela negara yang dijabarkan dari nilai-nilai dasar bela negara. Tahap selanjutnya adalah menyusun bentuk-bentuk kegiatan yang dilakukan mulai diterima sebagai mahasiswa baru hingga mahasiswa lulus. Kegiatannya terdiri dari kegiatan kurikuler, ko-kurikuler, dan ekstra kurikuler. Tahap ketiga adalah mengatur tahapan internalisasi soft skill bela negara berdasarkan bentuk kegiatannya. Tahap internalisasi dimulai dengan tahap pengenalan, kesadaran, penguatan, aktualisasi dan penguatan lebih lanjut. Tahap ketiga ini adalah model internalisasi soft skill pertahanan negara yang terintegrasi dan berkelanjutan.

Kata Kunci: internalisasi, soft skills, bela negara, integratif, berkelanjutan
THE ROLE OF THE BANGKA BELITUNG NAVAL BASE IN SUPPORTING THE SEA SECURITY OPERATIONS IN THE INDONESIA ARCHIPELAGIC SEA LANE I
Authors: Pandjaitan Manahan Budiarto , Suwarno Panji , Gunardi Gunardi
Published: August 2020

The work areas that are the responsibility of the Bangka Belitung Naval base are still quite vulnerable and responsible for problems and difficulties that could disrupt the ALKI I or the Indonesian archipelagic sea lane I. The area for which the naval base of Bangka Belitung is responsible, is not balanced. However, it must continue to provide the best support for all KRI (Warships of the Republic of Indonesia) which anchored in the Bangka Belitung Naval Base. This study tries to analyze the role of the Bangka Belitung Naval base in supporting maritime security operations in ALKI I. The study uses descriptive qualitative methods about understanding the Bangka Belitung Naval base in supporting maritime security operations at ALKI I. This study uses the role of base theory, Sea Power theory and Navy trinity theory. The results of the study show that the Bangka Belitung Navy Base has not yet supported KRI or not to carry out the provision. Therefore, it is agreed that the Bangka Belitung Naval Base would provide complete facilities and infrastructure including anchoring, to be able to support KRI to operate safely at sea in assisting sovereignty in the ALKI I region.

Keywords: Naval Base Role, Maritime Security, ALKI I
UNDERSTANDING PEACE STUDIES AS PART OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Authors: Aji M. Prakoso , Indrawan Jerry
Published: August 2020

Peace Studies is a discipline that is derived from International Relations. With the development of International Relations, they are dealing with cases related to conflicts and wars between states, as well as states with non-states. For this reason, Peace Studies was born so that it can focus on discussing issues surrounding conflict, war, and resolution efforts. Peace Studies in general are associated with the concept of conflict resolution. One method of conflict resolution in Peace Studies is the concept of conflict transformation. Conflict transformation is not only aimed at stopping conflict and to change patterns of negative relations between conflicting parties, but also to change the political, social and economic structure that causes the patterns of negative relations. Peace Studies offers a new analysis of how International Relations should look at the complexity of relations between actors. The author did not conduct field research related to this article, but conduct a conceptual research through literature study. The purpose of this article is to see how Peace Studies can help answer problems in International Relations related to conflicts or wars that occur internationally.

Keywords: peace studies, conflict, armed conflict, violence, and conflict transformation
ABOUT SOME DIFFICULTIES IN THE RULE-OF-LAW STATE DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA
Authors: Тимонин Анатолий
Published: August 2020

Under the conditions of the information war, the issues concerning the development of the rule-of-law state in the Russian Federation remain relevant. The fate of all Western liberal-democratic institutions ever implemented in Russia without taking into account its uniqueness is always the same: the copies are not only worse than the originals, but they are also the examples of «reversed sign». As a result, the political and legal institutions of modern Russia are strikingly close to the countries with a «managed democracy» but not to Western Europe democracy. The unresolved questions: who we are, where we are from, where we are going, don’t work towards the substitution of domestic state-legal institutions to the foreign ones. Contrariwise, many attributes of traditional political and legal culture are reappeared. This creates new obvious counterchecks for the establishment of a rule-of-law State.
LEGITIMACY IN THE MECHANISM OF REGULATORY CONTROL
Authors: Панькина Инга , Ваулин Вадим
Published: August 2020

The paper presents the law as a regulator of social relations in the conditions of their rapid development. The authors recognize that the person of law who is authorized to prescribe law rules and to control their implementation should use coercive measures to ensure the effectiveness of legal control. In addition, the addressees of positive law rules, based on their own assurance, stop to consider specific norms as an effective control measures and try to find for the other ways to regulate social relations. All these factors provoke the research interest to legitimacy.
PRINCIPLES OF ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDING
Authors: Галеева Галина , Слепнёв Евгений
Published: August 2020

The enforcement proceeding is one of the relatively young and dynamically developing branches of the Russian legal system, it requires a constant and indepth development of scientific theorizing about the nature, content of its legal norms and legal mechanisms based on its principles. First of all, the principles of enforcement proceedings follow from general legal principles that reflect economic, political, social processes and dictate the need for the overall development of this branch of law. The consistent development of the doctrinal approach, correct and well-timed legislative influence on social relations in the field of compulsory enforcement makes it necessary to take into account the specific features of the judicial acts implementation, as well as acts of other bodies and other officials. Enforcement proceedings in this regard are considered as one of the tools to ensure the effectiveness of the enforcement system.
Analysis of Factors Related to Employee Performance at the Aceh Provincial Health Office in 2019
Authors: Mukhlis Teuku , Ismail Nizam , Usman Said , Saputra Irwan , Kamil Hajjul
Published: August 2020

Background:. The performance of the Aceh Provincial Health Office is closely related to the attitudes of its employees towards their own work, work situation, cooperation between leaders and fellow employees. Actualized performance by employees is also supported by several factors Objective: analyzing factors related to the performance of Aceh Provincial Health Office employees in 2019 Research Method: This type of research is observational using a cross sectional design. Statistical analysis using multiple regression Results: there is a impact of compensation (X1), leadership style (X2) work discipline (X3) and application of sanctions (X4) with the performance of the Aceh Provincial Health Office Staff and Conclusion: factors that influence performance are compensation, leadership style work discipline and the imposition of sanctions.