bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the influence of evolutionary legacy and functional constraints on the patella: an example in modern rhinoceroses amongst perissodactyls
Authors: Mallet Christophe , Houssaye Alexandra
Published: October 2024

In mammals, the patella is the biggest sesamoid bone of the skeleton and is of crucial importance in posture and locomotion, ensuring the role of a pulley for leg extensors while protecting and stabilizing the knee joint. Despite its central biomechanical role, the relation between the shape of the patella and functional factors, such as body mass or locomotor habit, in the light of evolutionary legacy are poorly known. Here, we propose a morphofunctional investigation of the shape variation of the patella among modern rhinoceroses and more generally among perissodactyls, this order of ungulates displaying a broad range of body plan, body mass and locomotor habits, to understand how the shape of this sesamoid bone varies between species and relatively to these functional factors. Our investigation, relying on three dimensional geometric morphometrics and comparative analyses, reveals that, within Rhinocerotidae and between the three perissodactyl families, the shape of the patella strongly follows the phylogenetic affinities rather than variations in body mass. The patellar shape is more conservative than initially expected both within and between rhinoceroses, equids and tapirs. The development of a medial angle, engendering a strong mediolateral asymmetry of the patella, appears convergent in rhinoceroses and equids, while tapirs retain a symmetric bone close to the plesiomorphic condition of the order. This asymmetric patella is likely associated with the presence of a “knee locking” mechanism in both equids and rhinos. The emergence of this condition may be related to a shared locomotor habit (transverse gallop) in both groups. Our investigation underlines unexcepted evolutionary constraints on the shape of a sesamoid bone usually considered as mostly driven by functional factors.
Among the world’s smallest vertebrates: a new miniaturized flea-toad (Brachycephalidae) from the Atlantic rainforest
Authors: Toledo Luís Felipe , Botelho Lucas Machado , Carrasco-Medina Andres Santiago , Gray Jaimi A. , Ernetti Julia R. , Gama Joana Moura , Lyra Mariana Lucio , Blackburn David C. , Nunes Ivan , Muscat Edelcio
Published: October 2024

The genus Brachycephalus includes miniaturized toadlets with two distinct morphotypes: brightly colored species with a bufoniform phenotype and smaller, cryptic species with a leptodactyliform phenotype. The diversity of leptodactyliform species is still underappreciated, and we generally lack fundamental information about their biology. Recent sampling efforts, including DNA analyses and recordings of advertisement calls, have improved our understanding of this group. In the present study, we describe a new species of Brachycephalus, one of the smallest vertebrates known. This new species is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of morphological, bioacoustic, and genetic data. Despite being among the smallest frogs globally (the second smallest amphibian species), it exhibits skeletal traits typical of larger frogs, such as the presence of cranial bones that are lost or fused in other miniature frogs, including other Brachycephalus. Our description underscores how new discoveries within the megadiverse fauna of the Atlantic Forest—a rich biodiversity hotspot—can provide insights into phenotypic variation, including vertebrate body size. By describing this new species, we also aim to revisit the hypothesis that the type series of B. hermogenesi includes two species, potentially including individuals of the species described here.
Modelo de Inteligência Artificial aplicado à análise de dados de pessoas com deficiência: utilização de LangChain
Authors: Lima Francisco André Moreira de , Boente Alfredo Nazareno Pereira , Santos Ricardo Marciano dos , Ferreira Vinícius Marques da Silva , Boente Kilmer Pereira , Boente Renata Miranda Pires
Published: October 2024

Este estudo teve como principal objetivo o desenvolvimento e a aplicação de um modelo de inteligência artificial baseado na tecnologia LangChain, lógica fuzzy e redes neurais artificiais para análise de dados de pessoas com deficiência, com foco na educação inclusiva. O modelo proposto visa lidar com a incerteza e a subjetividade dos dados, oferecendo uma abordagem precisa e personalizada para identificar as necessidades específicas desses indivíduos. Durante o estudo de caso realizado em uma instituição educacional, o modelo mostrou-se eficaz na avaliação das necessidades dos alunos com deficiência, permitindo o desenvolvimento de estratégias pedagógicas mais inclusivas. Além disso, a integração das tecnologias empregadas possibilitou a análise de grandes volumes de dados e a adaptação às condições específicas de cada aluno, promovendo um ambiente educacional mais equitativo. No entanto, a implementação em larga escala requer infraestrutura adequada e capacitação profissional, além da necessidade de validação do modelo em diferentes contextos e populações. O estudo contribui significativamente para a área de educação inclusiva, ao propor um sistema que pode transformar a forma como as avaliações funcionais são conduzidas, promovendo maior inclusão e equidade educacional.
A IFRS 16 sob a perspectiva da True and Fair View
Authors: Oliveira Wellington Alves de , Britto Paulo Augusto Pettenuzzo de
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo investigou a influência da True and Fair View (TFV) no contexto da elaboração da IFRS 16 procurando, por meio de um ensaio teórico, discutir as principais críticas à norma sob o aspecto da fair presentation. A análise ganha em importância devido à falta de critérios claros utilizados pelo IASB, quanto à escolha da adoção de alguns pontos polêmicos na contabilização dos contratos de leasing. Assim, através da revisão da literatura foram levantadas as nove (09) críticas mais contundentes e similares entre os autores: 01- Assimetria na contabilização entre arrendadora e arrendatária; 02 - Dupla contabilização do ativo de leasing operacional; 03 - Falta de comparabilidade com o FASB; 04 - Falta de comparabilidade com regras nacionais; 05 - Regras em detrimento de princípios; 06 - Isenção de contratos de leasing; 07 - Contabilização de prazo não contratado; 08 - Possibilidade de utilização do valor justo; 09 - Afastamento da teoria da contabilidade. Com base na teoria da TFV e sua assimilação pela fair presentation, os resultados mostram que há um afastamento do IASB da utilização da teoria da contabilidade em prol da utilidade da informação, abandonando cada vez mais conceitos teóricos como a True and Fair View em favor da prática contábil. Além disso, apenas na crítica 08, o órgão internacional procurou manter a essência da operação sobre a forma legal e por isso os questionamentos ocorrem mais porque seguiu uma linha diferente da do FASB.
Investigative Reporting Trends in Bangladesh: A Content Analysis of Selected Newspaper
Authors: Rahman Sahibur
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research was to examine the actual state of investigative journalism in Bangladeshi print media. The content analysis method was used to scrutinize the investigative reports, employing both quantitative and thematic approaches. Four daily newspapers - The Daily Star, Prothom Alo, Bangladesh Protidin, and Juger Alo - were selected for analysis, with 61 copies from each, totaling 244 newspaper copies. The three national dailies were selected as the most circulated Bangla and English newspapers of Bangladesh according to the department of film and publications (DFP) and the local daily was chosen as per researcher convenience. The theoretical framework for this study utilized the social responsibility theories of the press and agenda-setting theory. The results indicated that a limited number of investigative reports were published in Bangladeshi daily newspapers, with the theme of economy-related issues receiving the most attention in investigative reporting. Concerns were raised regarding the high percentage of anonymous sources (41%) and second-hand investigation (69%), casting doubt on the quality of investigative reporting. Future research could explore a broader perspective of investigative reports through textual analysis conducted over an extended period.
Path Analysis of Grit, Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulation, and Science Academic Performance in Online Learning
Authors: Mateo John Dale
Published: October 2024

Aims: This study investigates the relationships between grit, self-efficacy, self-regulation, and Science academic performance among junior high school students in an online learning context. While previous research has established the importance of these non-cognitive skills in academic success, their specific interplay during the pandemic remains underexplored. This study tested a model examining the impact of grit, self-regulation, and self-efficacy on students' Science academic performance in an online setting, focusing on the extent of these traits, their relationships with performance, individual contributions, and the mediating role of self-regulation and self-efficacy.
Study Design: The research employed a quantitative design and path analysis.
Place and Duration of Study: The study included 216 junior high school students from a private school in Bacolod City during the 2020-2021 school year selected through random sampling.
Methodology: Data were collected through online surveys, completed via Google Forms over two weeks. The instruments used were the Short Grit Scale, Self-Efficacy Online Learning Questionnaire, and Academic Self-Efficacy Scale for Filipino Junior High School. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data, with model relationships tested using path analysis.
Results: Findings revealed that students exhibited average levels of grit and moderately high levels of self-efficacy and self-regulation. Grit did not directly impact Science academic performance, nor did self-regulation or self-efficacy mediate this relationship. An unexpected finding was that consistency of interest negatively impacted time management, while perseverance of effort positively influenced metacognitive skills, time management, and persistence.
Conclusion: These results highlight the complexity of factors influencing academic performance in online learning environments. While grit, self-efficacy, and self-regulation are essential for student development, their direct impact on academic performance requires further investigation. This study underscores the need for educational strategies that cultivate these non-cognitive skills to improve students' academic performance across diverse learning settings and modalities.
Impact of Intercropping Systems on the Management of Defoliators in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: L Krishna Naik , Rafee C.M. , P Nagaraj , P Ashoka , R Veeranna
Published: October 2024

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), a crucial oilseed and protein crop, encounters substantial yield and quality losses due to insect pests. This study explores the efficacy of various intercrop systems in managing major insect pests, particularly defoliator populations conducted during the kharif 2022-23 at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad. The research employed a randomized block design (RBD) to evaluate different intercrop combinations. Results indicated that, the combination of groundnut + pearl millet was found to be effective in suppressing the Spodoptera litura (F) by recording the lowest average larval population (0.76 larvae/meter row length), followed by groundnut + sorghum (1.17 larvae/meter row length) and the same combination was also proved to be effective in minimizing the leaf miner incidence too (1.49 larvae/plant) and had least percent of leaf damage than other intercrops. The combination of these millets in groundnut can provide sustainable groundnut cultivation.
Effect of Casing Mixtures along with Turmeric Powder on the Growth Parameters and Yield of White Button Mushroom [Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach]
Authors: Kumar Satyam , Lal Abhilasha A.
Published: October 2024

Protein is one of the nutrients that is included in balance diet for proper growth and development of humankind. The amount of food that is needed for human consumption is insufficient. Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach commonly known as white button mushroom, is the most widely accepted food globally with nutritional and medicinal properties. The present experiment was conducted during the Rabi season 2023 at Mushroom crop room, Department of Plant Pathology, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh to evaluate the effect of Turmeric powder at different concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%) incorporated into three different casing mixture viz., FYM + Cocopeat + Sawdust (1:1:1) with an objective to monitor the growth and yield aspects of white button mushroom. Turmeric at concentration 2% shows significant increase of weight of fruiting bodies, enhances stalk length, stalk diameter and pileus diameter. These results were also observed at 2.5% concentration but it also inhibited the growth of mold fungus as well as A. bisporus. Among all treatments used in the study, the results revealed that minimum average time taken for completion of spawn run (15.28 days) and pinhead initiation (17.29 days) as well as maximum pileus diameter (4.87 cm), stalk length (3.32 cm), stalk diameter (2.36 cm), yield (583.33 g) and biological efficiency (13.56) highest recorded in T4 [FYM + Cocopeat + Sawdust (1:1:1) + Turmeric powder @ 2%.
Characterisation of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon Mill.) Genotypes for Morphological and Disease Resistance Traits through Cluster Analysis
Authors: Tejaswini Uppuluri , Parashivamurthy  , Siddaraju R. , Vishwanath K. , Ramanappa T. M. , Srinivasappa K. N. , Nagaraju N.
Published: October 2024

The characterization of germplasm is crucial for breeding and developing improved seed varieties. In this study, seed material was collected from M/s. Noble Seeds Pvt. Ltd., Yelhanka, focusing on genotypes with varying resistance to Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (ToLCV). The research was conducted during the Kharif seasons of 2021 and 2022 in Kestur Village, Doddballapura. Morphological characterization was performed according to DUS guidelines set by PPV&FRA, assessing 20 qualitative and 22 quantitative traits. The genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design for reliability. Multivariate cluster analysis was employed to group the genotypes based on the morphological traits assessed, enabling the identification of patterns and relationships among them. This analysis facilitated the formation of distinct clusters, highlighting the genetic diversity and similarities among the genotypes, which are crucial for targeted breeding strategies. Through multivariate cluster analysis, two main clusters (A and B) were identified, each further divided into two sub-clusters (C and D). Overall, 66.67% of the 30 genotypes (20 in total) were grouped in Cluster E, while 5 genotypes were placed in Cluster C, 3 in Cluster D, and only 2 in Cluster F. The analysis revealed that NBLTM-22 and NBLTM-11 exhibited the highest variation between them, while genotypes within clusters demonstrated greater similarity.
These findings underscore the importance of genetic diversity in breeding programs, highlighting that closer proximity in clustering correlates with trait similarity among genotypes. This information can guide further breeding efforts aimed at developing ToLCV-resistant varieties.
Perceptions about New York City as a Tourist Destination
Authors: Avdić Kenan , Čaušević Amra , Banda Amra , Božović Tena
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this paper is to explore how New York City is perceived as a tourist destination. The quantitative research method offered a structured approach to collecting data, allowing for the analysis and quantification of participant responses. The convenience sample consisted of 108 respondents. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors influencing both the attraction to and deterrence from visiting New York City as a tourist destination, as well as to gauge overall perceptions of the city among potential visitors. Through a comprehensive survey, key motivators such as iconic monuments, a vibrant cultural scene, and accessibility were identified as primary draws for tourists. Respondents expressed strong support for experiencing attractions like the Statue of Liberty and Broadway shows, highlighting the significance of cultural richness and unique architectural features. Conversely, the study also revealed significant barriers to visitation. The high cost of accommodation emerged as the most prominent deterrent, underscoring economic accessibility as a critical factor in tourism decision-making. Other concerns included congestion, security issues, and limited public transport options, which may dissuade potential visitors from traveling to the city. In terms of overall impressions, the results showed that a vast majority of respondents view New York City as an iconic and glamorous location with a diverse cultural landscape. Most participants expressed a willingness to recommend the city to friends and family, although a notable percentage exhibited reservations. Furthermore, the analysis emphasized the importance of affordable options for activities and attractions, suggesting that enhancing economic accessibility could positively influence visitation rates. Overall, the findings provide valuable insights for tourism agencies and local authorities. By addressing key concerns and highlighting the city's unique offerings, strategies can be developed to enhance New York City's appeal and accessibility, ultimately boosting its status as a leading tourist destination.
Estratégias De Intervenção Combinadas Para Crianças Com Tea E Tdah: Abordagens Interdisciplinares Para Melhorar A Atenção E A Regulação Comportamental
Authors: Ramos Andrews Barcellos , Franz Fabiana Longhi Vieira , Chiacchio Simon Skarabone Rodrigues , Alves Edilton Costa , Souza Sabrine Silva De , Moraes Gelcimara Martins De
Published: October 2024

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e o Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) são condições neurodesenvolvimentais que frequentemente coexistem, resultando em desafios adicionais para o manejo clínico e educacional de crianças afetadas por ambas as condições. Este artigo examina as estratégias de intervenção combinadas, que integram abordagens interdisciplinares, a fim de melhorar a atenção e a regulação comportamental em crianças com TEA e TDAH. A abordagem interdisciplinar é fundamentada em teorias da neuropediatria, psicologia comportamental, educação especial e terapias ocupacionais, destacando a importância de uma intervenção personalizada e integrada. Estudos indicam que o uso de intervenções comportamentais baseadas em evidências, combinadas com tecnologias assistivas e suportes pedagógicos, pode promover melhorias significativas na capacidade de concentração, atenção sustentada e habilidades de autorregulação nessas crianças. Além disso, a cooperação entre profissionais da saúde e da educação é crucial para criar programas de intervenção eficazes que abordem as necessidades específicas das crianças com TEA e TDAH. O artigo também explora o impacto de intervenções como o uso de terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC), terapia ocupacional, e práticas educacionais adaptativas no contexto escolar. As implicações para a formação de profissionais, tanto da área da educação quanto da saúde, são abordadas, sugerindo que uma compreensão ampla e integrada das necessidades dessas crianças pode facilitar uma melhor adaptação aos desafios comportamentais e emocionais que enfrentam. Conclui-se que uma abordagem combinada, ao invés de técnicas isoladas, proporciona uma resposta mais eficaz e completa para a promoção do bem-estar e desenvolvimento dessas crianças.
O Impacto Da Inteligência Artificial Na Personalização Do Ensino: Desafios E Oportunidades Para A Educação Teórica E Prática
Authors: Vasconcelos Eduardo Silva , Filho Roberto Lopes Da Silva , Castro Raimundo Santos De , Santana Thiago Coelho De , Souza Cirlene Benvindo De , Lima Agnaldo Braga
Published: October 2024

A inteligência artificial (IA) tem desempenhado um papel crescente na transformação dos processos educacionais, particularmente na personalização do ensino. A capacidade de adaptar o conteúdo educacional às necessidades individuais de cada aluno representa uma revolução na educação, tanto teórica quanto prática, oferecendo oportunidades significativas para a melhoria dos resultados de aprendizagem e para o engajamento dos alunos (Silva, 2022; Almeida, 2021). No entanto, a integração da IA na educação também apresenta desafios substanciais, que variam desde questões éticas até a adequação pedagógica das tecnologias. Este artigo visa explorar o impacto da IA na personalização do ensino, destacando as oportunidades e os desafios envolvidos na aplicação dessas tecnologias na educação teórica e prática. Com base em uma revisão sistemática da literatura e em estudos de caso, o artigo analisa como a IA pode transformar o cenário educacional, proporcionando uma abordagem mais centrada no aluno e adaptativa (Costa, 2020; Gonçalves, 2021). A discussão abrange o papel da IA na criação de conteúdos personalizados, no suporte ao ensino prático em ambientes simulados e nas plataformas educacionais, bem como as implicações dessas tecnologias para os professores e gestores educacionais. A análise sugere que, enquanto a IA oferece ferramentas poderosas para a personalização do ensino, também exige uma reavaliação crítica dos papéis dos educadores e da própria estrutura pedagógica. A adoção bem-sucedida da IA na educação depende não apenas do desenvolvimento tecnológico, mas também da capacidade das instituições de ensino de integrar essas ferramentas de maneira ética e pedagógica (Ferreira, 2020; Santos, 2022)
Políticas Públicas Para Pessoas Idosas: Uma Análise Fenomenológica Das Práticas De Atendimento Em Barreiras-Bahia
Authors: Souza Marileide Carvalho de , Osório Neila Barbosa , Gomes Glauce Gonçalves da Silva , Lagares Rosilene , Bento Givanildo Ferreira
Published: October 2024

Este artigo tem como tema políticas públicas para pessoas idosas em Barreiras-Bahia. O envelhecimento é um fenômeno universal que tem provocado impactos políticos, econômicos e culturais nas diferentes organizações da sociedade globalizada. Objetivou-se aqui, compreender as políticas públicas implantadas e/ou implementadas para atendimento às pessoas idosas em Barreiras, no período de 2018 a 2021. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão de literatura da trajetória do tema e pesquisa documental das normas de amparo as pessoas idosas no Brasil e oeste da Bahia, de rodas de conversa para análise de vivências com profissionais da rede municipal atuantes nas áreas de saúde, educação, assistência social, Conselho Municipal do Idoso, e, com pessoas idosas participantes do Programa Idade Viva (criado pela gestão municipal desde 2010 – desenvolve atividades com cerca de 120 pessoas idosas). Em análise conclusiva, a partir do método fenomenológico, com estudo teórico-metodológicoprático, numa abordagem da pesquisa-ação a partir do processo de ação-reflexão-ação, acerca do envelhecimento humano, longevidade e necessidades emergentes desta faixa etária, atrelado ao universo real de pessoas idosas qualitativa e satisfatoriamente atendidas em Barreiras, delineia-se políticas públicas educacionais, como a implantação da Universidade da Maturidade, projeto de extensão da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, com a Tecnologia Social - Educação Intergeracional - para atendimento a pessoas idosas, com intuito de ampliar anos de qualidade aos anos acrescidos a idade idosa.
Escrevivendo A Educação Como Prática De Liberdade: Um Contexto Bell Hooks
Authors: Souza Marileide Carvalho De , Osório Neila Barbosa , Gomes Glauce Gonçalves Da Silva , Passos Jucélia Cordeiro Sousa , Oliveira Nubia Pereira Brito
Published: October 2024

Este artigo tem como tema Educação para a liberdade à luz de bell hooks. Há muito se fala em crise na educação, há encruzilhadas, caminhos possíveis de serem transgredidos. Posturas se fazem necessárias ao educador a partir de reflexões nesse cenário: ficar obsoleto, ficar subjugado a uma educação excludente na manutenção do status quo ou transformar a prática pedagógica, ensinando/aprendendo a transgredir em busca de uma educação como prática de liberdade consciente. Objetivou-se aqui, compreender e discutir sobre a educação como prática de liberdade, trazendo a sala de aula como ambiente de cura, de prazer, de aprender e ensinar a transgredir a partir de reflexões de vivências. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão sistemática de literatura da obra de bell hooks, ativista norte-americana, batizada como Glória Jean Watkins - Ensinando a Transgredir: Educação como Prática de Liberdade. Foi realizado a partir do método de pesquisa bibliográfica, um levantamento das cinco principais obras da autora - período de edição 2017 a 2020 - bem como, duas obras de Paulo Freire, uma obra de Simone Beauvoir, e, ainda reflexões budistas de ressignificar questões pedagógicas a partir de práticas para a educação. As obras foram selecionadas para leitura pela abordagem da prática de liberdade e/ou contextualização teóricoprática educativas. A literatura transita de forma reflexiva entre as pedagogias crítica, feminista, libertária, do oprimido, da autonomia e engajada, e, aponta na intersecção, caminhos metodológicos significativos que partem das vivências dos alunos e docentes para a discussão coletiva, e, aprendizados transformadores. Contudo, apesar das abordagens metodológicas inovadoras no que diz respeito a educação como prática de liberdade, ensinando e aprendendo a transgredir paradigmas, faz-se necessário insistir nesse direcionamento em mais estudos, uma vez que pós pandemia, surgiram problemáticas necessárias de intervenções contextualizadas e atuais em relação a adequação no mundo acadêmico informatizado e globalizado
Prospecção De Aniversário De 100 Anos Na Universidade Da Maturidade UMA/UFT: Um Rito De Passagem Transformador
Authors: Souza Marileide Carvalho de , Osório Neila Barbosa , Gomes Glauce Gonçalves da Silva , Silva Bianca Jenifer de Sá da , Bento Givanildo Ferreira
Published: October 2024

Os ritos de passagem acontecem com todos os povos e culturas, o que muda são as formas de execução e as aprendizagens experienciadas, o significado e o significante continuam os mesmos. Partindo do pressuposto básico da missão da Universidade da Maturidade (UMA), que é proporcionar melhor qualidade de vida às pessoas, garantindo não somente mais anos de vida, mas vida a esses anos, e, que sob a ótica da socialização por meio do ensino que possibilita o conhecimento aprofundado sobre questões referentes ao envelhecimento, é que está respaldada a atividade de planejamento e apresentação do aniversário de 100 anos, um rito de passagem, prospectada aos pós-graduandos da disciplina Tópicos Especiais de Educação Intergeracional do mestrado em Educação da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT). Nesse universo “embriagador” de renovação e redimensionamentos de vida, de valorização da intergeracionalidade como fator essencial de crescimento e de sentido significativo às vidas, o processo ensino-aprendizagem-ensino acontece e traz um limiar de sócio-interações abarcando a transdisciplinaridade. Desde o nascedouro da proposta, ingressa o mestrando num processo de ação-reflexão-ação, pensando a vida de forma longitudinal, numa controvérsia da vida atual. Redimensionar o pensamento a frente do tempo, pensar a cultura, a história, o contexto e suas implicações futuras num ambiente festivo de puro vigor e alegria, leva o indivíduo a refletir sobre um longínquo possível de forma intensa, alegre, prazerosa e o melhor, compreender que é essencial ser protagonista na vida, nos palcos que a vida apresenta. Nesse patamar, fatidicamente a mudança transicional etária acontece, necessário se faz abraçála progressivamente, encontrando caminhos significativos de qualidade dos anos acrescidos, de forma saudável e digna. Assim, a atividade proposta e contemplada aqui, é extremamente positiva, e, estimula a vivacidade, o aumento da auto-estima, o entusiasmo pela vida, burila as capacidades físico-cognitivas e emocionais dos protagonistas desenvolvedores e contagiam os participantes/convidados
The Relevance Of Outcome And Output Objectives In Educational Teacher Training Project
Authors: Pendeza Vira Banzwa
Published: October 2024

This article aims at examining the relevance of output and outcome objectives within educational training project. The focus is the development and monitoring of both outcome and output objective during the teacher training project for the change perspective in order to attain the quality education. Qualitative research has been applied through documentary technique whereby documents have been analysed to come to the result on the result asserting the need to reflect objectives in the project plan and the strategies to monitor them with regard to appropriate indicators
The Software Artifacts as Knowledge Products: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pinto Danieli , Tenório Nelson
Published: October 2024

Software industry organizations use different knowledge that can be consolidated, as in the case of a software artifact. A software artifact represents all organizational knowledge, as well as a knowledge product, once it has the same purpose as a software artifact in those organizations. However, these organizations face difficulties to update both software artifact and knowledge products continuously. So, this article aims to identify and understand the state of the art of adaptable software artifacts as knowledge products within software industry organizations. Therefore, we carried out a systematic literature review using searches in scientific digital databases. Our results point out 51 articles grouped into six categories according to their respective goals: explicit knowledge, in the most diverse forms; overview of the software industry; knowledge products; adaptive software artifacts; explicit knowledge within organizations of the software industry; and knowledge products in organizations of the software industry. Thus, these categories sought to group related issues; however, none of them presented a clear relationship on adaptive software artifacts as knowledge products within software industry organizations. However, the main finding of this research concerns the support of adaptable software artifacts backing the registration, storage and updating of organizational knowledge. That occurs since such organizations are inserted in the context of several technological changes, in which such adaptable software artifacts would be a support to keep the knowledge available and updated.
Interplay of SpkG kinase and the Slr0151 protein in the phosphorylation of ferredoxin 5 in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803
Authors: Angeleri Martina , Zorina Anna , Aro Eva‐Mari , Battchikova Natalia
Published: January 2018

In Synechocystis 6803, the ferredoxin 5 (Fd5) phosphoprotein and the S/T protein kinase SpkG are encoded by the slr0148 and slr0152 genes, respectively, which belong to the slr0144–slr0152 cluster. Using a targeted proteomic approach, we showed that SpkG is responsible for the phosphorylation of Fd5 on residues T18 and T72. Sequence alignments and Fd5 structure modelling suggest that these phosphorylation events modulate protein–protein interaction. Furthermore, Fd5 phosphorylation is affected by the Slr0151 protein encoded by the gene preceding spkG in the gene cluster. We propose that Slr0151 functions as an auxiliary protein in the regulation of the ratio between phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms of Fd5.
Single‐molecule nucleosome remodeling by INO80 and effects of histone tails
Authors: Schwarz Marianne , Schall Kevin , Kallis Eleni , Eustermann Sebastian , Guariento Mara , Moldt Manuela , Hopfner Karl‐Peter , Michaelis Jens
Published: January 2018

Genome maintenance and integrity requires continuous alterations of the compaction state of the chromatin structure. Chromatin remodelers, among others the INO80 complex, help organize chromatin by repositioning, reshaping, or evicting nucleosomes. We report on INO80 nucleosome remodeling, assayed by single‐molecule Foerster resonance energy transfer on canonical nucleosomes as well as nucleosomes assembled from tailless histones. Nucleosome repositioning by INO80 is a processively catalyzed reaction. During the initiation of remodeling, probed by the INO80 bound state, the nucleosome reveals structurally heterogeneous states for tailless nucleosomes (in contrast to wild‐type nucleosomes). We, therefore, propose an altered energy landscape for the INO80‐mediated nucleosome sliding reaction in the absence of histone tails.
Estimation of Throughfall and Stemflow Bacterial Flux in a Subtropical Oak‐Cedar Forest
Authors: Bittar Thais B. , Pound Preston , Whitetree Ansley , Moore L. Dean , Van Stan John T.
Published: January 2018

Transport pathways of microbes between ecosystem spheres (atmosphere, phyllosphere, and pedosphere) represent major fluxes in nutrient cycles and have the potential to affect microbially mediated biogeochemical processes. Novel data on bacterial fluxes from the phyllosphere to the pedosphere during rainfall via throughfall (rain dripping from/through the canopy) and stemflow (rain funneled down tree stems) are reported. Bacterial concentrations were quantified using flow cytometry and validated with quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays in rainfall samples from an oak‐cedar forest in coastal Georgia (southeastern U.S.). Bacteria concentrations (cells mL−1) and storm‐normalized fluxes (cells m−2 h−1, cells m−2 mm−1) were greater for cedar versus oak. Total bacterial flux was 1.5 × 1016 cells ha−1 yr−1. These previously unexamined bacterial fluxes are interpreted in the context of major elemental pools and fluxes in forests and could represent inoculum‐level sources of bacteria (if alive), and organic matter and inorganic solute inputs (if lysed) to soils.
Glacial Cycles Influence Marine Methane Hydrate Formation
Authors: Malinverno A. , Cook A. E. , Daigle H. , Oryan B.
Published: January 2018

Methane hydrates in fine‐grained continental slope sediments often occupy isolated depth intervals surrounded by hydrate‐free sediments. As they are not connected to deep gas sources, these hydrate deposits have been interpreted as sourced by in situ microbial methane. We investigate here the hypothesis that these isolated hydrate accumulations form preferentially in sediments deposited during Pleistocene glacial lowstands that contain relatively large amounts of labile particulate organic carbon, leading to enhanced microbial methanogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we apply an advection‐diffusion‐reaction model with a time‐dependent organic carbon deposition controlled by glacioeustatic sea level variations. In the model, hydrate forms in sediments with greater organic carbon content deposited during the penultimate glacial cycle (~120–240 ka). The model predictions match hydrate‐bearing intervals detected in three sites drilled on the northern Gulf of Mexico continental slope, supporting the hypothesis of hydrate formation driven by enhanced organic carbon burial during glacial lowstands.
Temporal Activity Modulation of Deep Very Low Frequency Earthquakes in Shikoku, Southwest Japan
Authors: Baba Satoru , Takeo Akiko , Obara Kazushige , Kato Aitaro , Maeda Takuto , Matsuzawa Takanori
Published: January 2018

We investigated long‐term changes in the activity of deep very low frequency earthquakes (VLFEs) in western Shikoku, southwest part of the Nankai subduction zone in Japan for 13 years by the matched‐filter technique. VLFE activity is expected to be a proxy of interplate slips. In the Bungo channel, where long‐term slow slip events (SSEs) occurred frequently, the cumulative number of detected VLFEs increased rapidly in 2010 and 2014, which were modulated by long‐term SSEs. In the neighboring inland region near the Bungo channel, the cumulative number increased steeply every 6 months. This stepwise change was accompanied by episodic tremors and slips. Deep VLFE activity in western Shikoku has been low since the latter half of 2014. This decade‐scale quiescence may be attributed to the change in interplate coupling strength in the Nankai subduction zone.
Downscaling Changing Coastlines in a Changing Climate: The Hybrid Approach
Authors: Antolínez José Antonio A. , Murray A. Brad , Méndez Fernando J. , Moore Laura J. , Farley Graham , Wood James
Published: January 2018

Shifts in the frequency of typical meteorological patterns in an ocean basin, over interannual to decadal time scales, cause shifts in the patterns of wave generation. Therefore, ocean basin‐scale climate shifts produce shifts in the wave climates affecting the coastlines of the basin. We present a hybrid methodology for downscaling observed (or predicted) climate shifts into local nearshore wave climates and then into the associated coastline responses. A series of statistical analyses translate observed (or predicted) distributions of meteorological states into the deep water wave climate affecting a coastal region and dynamical modeling combined with statistical analyses transform the deep water wave climate into the nearshore wave climate affecting a particular coastline. Finally, dynamical modeling of coastline evolution hindcasts (or predicts) how coastline shapes respond to climate shifts. As a case study, we downscale from meteorological hindcast in the North Atlantic basin since 1870 to the responses of the shape of the coast of the Carolinas, USA. We test the hindcasts using shoreline change rates calculated from historical shorelines, because shifts in coastline shape equate to changes in the alongshore pattern of shoreline change rates from one historical period to another. Although limited by the availability of historical shorelines (and complicated by historical inlet openings), the observations are consistent with the predicted signal of ocean basin‐scale climate change. The hybrid downscaling methodology, applied to the output of global climate models, can be used to help forecast future patterns of shoreline change related to future climate change scenarios.
The combined effect of Pdx1 overexpression and Shh manipulation on the function of insulin‐producing cells derived from adipose‐tissue stem cells
Authors: Hashemi Tabar Mahmoud , Tabandeh Mohammad Reza , Moghimipour Eskandar , Dayer Dian , Ghadiri Ata A. , Allah Bakhshi Elham , Orazizadeh Mahmoud , Ghafari Mohammad Ali
Published: January 2018

Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) are the key regulators of beta‐cell function. In vitro experiments have shown that there is significant cooperation between Pdx1 and Shh with regard to the production and maintenance of insulin‐producing cells (IPCs). In this study, the combined effect of Pdx1 overexpression and Shh manipulation on the function of adipose tissue‐derived IPCs was determined. A eukaryotic expression vector (Pdx1‐pCDNA3.1(+)) was constructed and transfected into a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. Adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) obtained from rats were assigned to two groups [control (C) and manipulated (M)] and differentiated into IPCs. Manipulated cells were treated with a mixture of FGF‐β and cyclopamine and recombinant Shh protein at days 3 and 11, respectively, and transfected with Pdx1‐pCDNA3.1(+) at day 10. The expression of multiple genes related to function of beta cells was analyzed using real‐time PCR. The functionality of IPCs in vitro was analyzed through dithizone (DTZ) staining and ELISA. IPCs were injected into the tail vein of diabetic rats, and blood glucose and insulin concentrations were measured. CHO cells transfected with Pdx1‐pCDNA3.1(+) showed a significantly higher expression of Pdx1 compared with nontransfected cells. Manipulated IPCs exhibited a significantly higher expression of MafA, Nkx2.2, Nkx6.1, Ngn3, insulin, and Isl1 and a higher insulin secretion in response to glucose challenge in relation to control cells. Rats that received manipulated IPCs exhibited a higher ability to normalize blood glucose and insulin secretion when compared to controls. Our protocol might be used for more efficient cell therapy of patients with diabetes in the future.
Histone methylation regulates Hif‐1 signaling cascade in activation of hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Hong Fei , Wan Lu , Liu Jie , Huang Ke , Xiao Zhenmeng , Zhang Yingjing , Shi Chunwei
Published: January 2018

Liver fibrosis is characterized by deposition of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM). The major source of ECM is activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Previously, we reported that hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (Hif‐1) regulates activation of HSCs through autophagy. In current work, human HSC cell line LX‐2 was used as cell model. It was determined that trimethylation of H3 histone on lysine 4 (H3K4me3) occurred in the Hif‐1 transcriptional complex. Inhibition of modifications of histone methylation suppressed Hif‐1 nuclear transport, autophagosome formation, and activation of LX‐2 cells. These data suggest that histone methylation modification plays an important role in the Hif‐1 signaling cascade regulating HSC activation.
Spectrum of bone marrow pathology and hematological abnormalities in methylmalonic acidemia
Authors: Bakshi Nasir A. , Al‐Anzi Talal , Mohamed Said Y. , Rahbeeni Zuhair , AlSayed Moeen , Al‐Owain Mohammed , Sulaiman Raashda A.
Published: January 2018

Patients with isolated methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) may present with a wide range of hematological complications including anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and pancytopenia. However, there are very limited data on the development of hemophagocytosis or myelodysplasia in these patients. We report three patients with isolated MUT related MMA who presented with severe refractory pancytopenia during acute illness. Their bone marrow examination revealed a wide spectrum of pathology varying from bone marrow hypoplasia, hemophagocytosis to myelodysplasia with ring sideroblasts. We discuss their management and outcome. This report emphasizes the need for bone marrow examination in these patients with refractory or unexplained severe cytopenia, to confirm bone marrow pathology, and to rule out other diseases with similar clinical presentation for a better clinical outcome.
Cerebrospinal fluid macrophage biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Thompson Alexander G. , Gray Elizabeth , Thézénas Marie‐Laëtitia , Charles Philip D. , Evetts Samuel , Hu Michele T. , Talbot Kevin , Fischer Roman , Kessler Benedikt M. , Turner Martin R.
Published: January 2018

Objective

The neurodegenerative disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome involving multiple molecular pathways. The development of biomarkers for use in therapeutic trials is a priority. We sought to use a high‐throughput proteomic method to identify novel biomarkers in individual cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples.

Methods

Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with label‐free quantification was used to identify CSF proteins using samples from a well‐characterized longitudinal cohort comprising patients with ALS (n = 43), the upper motor neuron variant, primary lateral sclerosis (PLS; n = 6), and cross‐sectional healthy (n = 20) and disease controls (Parkinsons' disease, n = 20; ALS mimic disorders, n = 12).

Results

Three macrophage‐derived chitinases showed increased abundance in ALS: chitotriosidase (CHIT1), chitinase‐3‐like protein 1 (CHI3L1), and chitinase‐3‐like protein 2 (CHI3L2). Elevated CHI3L1 was common to ALS and PLS, whereas CHIT1 and CHI3L2 levels differed. Chitinase levels correlated with disease progression rate (CHIT1, r = 0.56, p < 0.001; CHI3L1, r = 0.31; p = 0.028; CHI3L2, r = 0.29, p = 0.044). CHIT1, CHI3L1, and CHI3L2 levels correlated with phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNFH; r = 0.62, p < 0.001; r = 0.49, p < 0.001; r = 0.41, p < 0.001). CHI3L1 levels, but not CHIT1 or CHI3L2, increased over time in those with low initial levels (gradient = 0.005 log abundance units/month, p = 0.001). High CHIT1 was associated with shortened survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.84; p = 0.009). Inclusion of pNFH in survival models left only an association of pNFH and survival (HR 1.26; p = 0.019).

Interpretation

Neuroinflammatory mechanisms have been consistently implicated through various experimental paradigms. These results support a key role for macrophage activity in ALS pathogenesis, offering novel target engagement and pharmacodynamic biomarkers for neuroinflammation‐focused ALS therapy. Ann Neurol 2018;83:258–268
Terminal spreading depolarization and electrical silence in death of human cerebral cortex
Authors: Dreier Jens P. , Major Sebastian , Foreman Brandon , Winkler Maren K. L. , Kang Eun‐Jeung , Milakara Denny , Lemale Coline L. , DiNapoli Vince , Hinzman Jason M. , Woitzik Johannes , Andaluz Norberto , Carlson Andrew , Hartings Jed A.
Published: January 2018

Objective

Restoring the circulation is the primary goal in emergency treatment of cerebral ischemia. However, better understanding of how the brain responds to energy depletion could help predict the time available for resuscitation until irreversible damage and advance development of interventions that prolong this span. Experimentally, injury to central neurons begins only with anoxic depolarization. This potentially reversible, spreading wave typically starts 2 to 5 minutes after the onset of severe ischemia, marking the onset of a toxic intraneuronal change that eventually results in irreversible injury.

Methods

To investigate this in the human brain, we performed recordings with either subdural electrode strips (n = 4) or intraparenchymal electrode arrays (n = 5) in patients with devastating brain injury that resulted in activation of a Do Not Resuscitate–Comfort Care order followed by terminal extubation.

Results

Withdrawal of life‐sustaining therapies produced a decline in brain tissue partial pressure of oxygen (ptiO2) and circulatory arrest. Silencing of spontaneous electrical activity developed simultaneously across regional electrode arrays in 8 patients. This silencing, termed “nonspreading depression,” developed during the steep falling phase of ptiO2(intraparenchymal sensor, n = 6) at 11 (interquartile range [IQR] = 7–14) mmHg. Terminal spreading depolarizations started to propagate between electrodes 3.9 (IQR = 2.6–6.3) minutes after onset of the final drop in perfusion and 13 to 266 seconds after nonspreading depression. In 1 patient, terminal spreading depolarization induced the initial electrocerebral silence in a spreading depression pattern; circulatory arrest developed thereafter.

Interpretation

These results provide fundamental insight into the neurobiology of dying and have important implications for survivable cerebral ischemic insults. Ann Neurol 2018;83:295–310
Improved mechanical and antibacterial properties of thermoplastic polyurethanes by efficient double functionalization of silver nanoparticles
Authors: Ramirez Daniel , Jaramillo Franklin
Published: January 2018

When making nanocomposites, there is a big challenge to obtain both functional and mechanical enhancement. In this study, a new in situ polymerization methodology for the incorporation of surface modified silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a thermoplastic polyurethane matrix was developed. AgNPs with contents ranging from 0 to 1.5 wt % were used. A double functionalization of the nanoparticles with oleic acid was performed, which lead to a reaction of carboxylic acid groups in the nanoparticle's surface with isocyanate groups of the 4,4′‐methylene diphenyl diisocyanate monomer as corroborated from the Raman results. The successful incorporation of the nanoparticles was verified with EDS, TGA, and Raman measurements. Thermal properties of nanocomposites were investigated by DSC. AgNPs made positive impact in two ways: first, increased more than twice the elastic modulus, as studied via nanoindentation measurements and second, based on the inhibition zone method, great bactericidal effectiveness for nanocomposites containing 1.5 wt % AgNPs was observed for Escherichia coli. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46180.