bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expressional and Functional Characterization of Intracellular pH Regulators and Effects of Ethanol in Human Oral Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Lee Shiao-Pieng , Chao Shih-Chi , Huang Shu-Fu , Chen Yen-Lin , Tsai Yi-Ting , Loh Shih-Hurng
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: To functionally characterize intracellular pH (pHi) regulating mechanisms, such as Na+-H+ exchanger (NHE) and Na+-HCO3- co-transporter (NBC), and further examine effects of ethanol on the pHi regulating mechanism in human oral epidermoid carcinoma (OEC-M1) cells. Methods: OEC-M1 cells were a gift from Tri-Service General Hospital. Changes of pHi were detected by microspectrofluroimetry with a pH-sensitive fluorescent dye, BCECF. Isoforms of transporters were examined by Western blot technique. Results: i) the steady-state pHi value shifted from alkaline (7.35∼7.49) to acidic (7.0∼7.03) following acid/base impacts; ii) in HEPES-buffer system, pHi recovery following induced-acidification was totally blocked by either removing [Na]o+ or adding HOE 694 (a NHE1 specific inhibitor), which demonstrates existence of NHE1; iii) in HCO3-/CO2-buffer system, the pHi recovery following induced-acidification was entirely blocked by either removing [Na]o+ or adding HOE 694 plus DIDS (a NBC specific inhibitor), which suggests existence of Na+- and HCO3–dependent acid-extruder, i.e. NBC; iv) the isoforms of the two acid extruders were NHE1, NBCn1, NBCe1 and NDCBE; v) ethanol (10-1000 mM) showed a biphasic and concentration-dependent effect on resting pHi (i.e. increase then decrease) by changing the activity of NHE1 and NBC accordingly; vi) treatment with ethanol for 24 hr (> 300 mM) significantly inhibited the expression of NHE1, NBCn1 and NDCBE, while up-regulated NBCe1. Conclusions: Ethanol affects pHi in a concentration-dependent manner by changing function and expression of NHE1 and NBC isoforms in OEC-M1 cells.
Antiestrogenic Activity of the Xi-Huang Formula for Breast Cancer by Targeting the Estrogen Receptor α
Authors: Hao Jian , Jin Ziqi , Zhu Hongxu , Liu Xiaohui , Mao Yu , Yang Xue , Gao Li , Liu Dan , Chen Dan , Wu Xiongzhi
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: The Xi-Huang (XH) formula has been used for breast cancer treatment in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) since 1740. In this study, we show that, XH extract could suppress the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and that it preferentially inhibits cell growth of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer cells. Presently, little is known about the potential mechanism of XH and our studies aim to elucidate its mechanism in breast cancer treatment. Methods: Network-based systems biology and molecular docking analyses were performed to predict explicit targets of XH and active ingredients in XH. The effects of XH on cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis in different breast cancer cell lines were analyzed in vitro. A model of transplanted tumors on nude mice was used to study the anticancer effect in vivo. Various techniques, including western blotting, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation and immunohistochemical were utilized to assess the expression of targets of XH in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to study the gene targets of XH. Furthermore, we analyzed of protein-ligand binding reactions by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Results: Using network-based systems biology and molecular docking analyses, we predicted that the major targets of XH were ERα and HSP90. Moreover, we found that, XH mediated its anti-cancer effects by promoting the disassociation of ERα and HSP90, resulting in the degradation of ERα and blockade of transport of ERα to the nucleus. XH also caused the dissociation of ERα and other oncoproteins via binding to HSP90. Some of the active ingredients in XH share a common cyclopentane hydrogen skeleton and were predicted to target ERα based on the structural similarity. Conclusions: XH, which has been used since 1740, has antiestrogenic effects in breast cancer via the targeting of ERα.
A Preliminary Investigation of PVT1 on the Effect and Mechanisms of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Evidence from Clinical Data, a Meta-Analysis of 840 Cases, and In Vivo Validation
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wen Dong-yue , Zhang Rui , Huang Jia-cheng , Lin Peng , Ren Fang-Hui , Wang Xiao , He Yun , Yang Hong , Chen Gang , Luo Dian-Zhong
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a difficult problem that significantly affects the survival of the afflicted patients. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the functions of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in HCC. In the present study, we aimed to explore the potential roles of PVT1 in the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. Methods: In this study, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was applied to detect the differences between PVT1 expression in HCC tissues and cell lines. Then, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were searched to confirm the relationship between PVT1 expression and HCC. Moreover, a meta-analysis comprising TCGA, GEO, and RT-qPCR was applied to estimate the expression of PVT1 in HCC. Then, cell proliferation was evaluated in vitro. A chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model of HCC was constructed to measure the effect on tumorigenicity in vivo. To further explore the sponge microRNA (miRNA) of PVT1 in HCC, we used TCGA, GEO, a gene microarray, and target prediction algorithms. TCGA and GEO and the gene microarray were used to select the differentially expressed miRNAs, and the different target prediction algorithms were applied to predict the target miRNAs of PVT1. Results: We found that PVT1 was markedly overexpressed in HCC tissue than in normal liver tissues based on both RT-qPCR and data from TCGA, and the overexpression of PVT1 was closely related to the gender and race of the patient as well as to higher HCC tumor grades. Also, a meta-analysis of 840 cases from multiple sources (TCGA, GEO and the results of our in-house RT-qPCR) showed that PVT1 gained moderate value in discriminating HCC patients from normal controls, confirming the results of RT-qPCR. Additionally, the upregulation of PVT1 could promote HCC cell proliferation in vitro and vivo. Based on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) theory, the PVT1/miR-424-5p/INCENP axis was finally selected for further research. The in silico prediction revealed that there were complementary sequences between PVT1 and miR-424-5p as well as between miR-424-5p and INCENP. Furthermore, a negative correlation trend was found between miR-424-5p and PVT1 based on RT-qPCR, whereas a positive correlation trend was found between PVT1 and INCENP based on data from TCGA. Also, INCENP small interfering RNA (siRNA) could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and viability. Conclusions: We hypothesized that PVT1 could affect the biological function of HCC cells via targeting miR-424-5p and regulating INCENP. Focusing on the new insight of the PVT1/miR-424-5p/INCENP axis, this study provides a novel perspective for HCC therapeutic strategies.
Alpha-Lipoic Acid Protects Human Aortic Endothelial Cells Against H2O2-Induced Injury and Inhibits Atherosclerosis in Ovariectomized Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knock-Out Mice
Authors: Shen Dachuan , Tian Lili , Shen Tingting , Sun Huijun , Liu Pixu
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: Diseases caused by atherosclerosis are the leading causes of death in postmenopausal women, owing to the loss of estradiol. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) provides short-term beneficial effects in the treatment of cardiovascular disease for postmenopausal women but may increase the risk of stroke and gynecological cancer. Therefore, a substitute for HRT is urgently in needed. Methods: In this study, we examined the effectiveness of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a natural potent antioxidant, in preventing the development and progression of atherosclerosis in the low density lipoprotein receptor deficient (Ldlr-/-) mouse model, using western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, Oil-red-O, elastin staining and TUNEL assay. We also examined the protective effect of ALA in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) against H2O2-induced oxidative injury, using western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and monocyte adhesion assay. Results: We showed that ALA treatment significantly reduced the atherosclerosis induced by ovariectomy and high fat diet in the Ldlr-/- mouse model and restored expression of estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), which reduced the progression of atherosclerosis. Moreover, ALA treatment attenuated monocyte adhesion, suppressed cellular apoptosis, and eliminated excessive generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reducing the protein levels of ROS-generating enzymes Nox4 and p22phox, as well as inhibiting NF-κB activation in HAECs stimulated by H2O2. Conclusions: ALA could provide a potential treatment for atherosclerosis in postmenopausal patients.
Klf4 Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation by Inducing Expression of MCP-1 Induced Protein 1 to Deubiquitinate TRAF6
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Jia Yanhui , Han Shichao , Wang Xingqin , Han Fu , Zhang Julei , Zhang Wei , Guan Hao , Hu Dahai
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: Inflammation is an essential component of innate immunity against pathogens, but is tightly regulated, such as by Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4), to prevent injury. Klf4 also regulates macrophage polarization, although the mechanisms underlying both functions are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether and how Klf4 prevents unregulated inflammation. Methods: The bone marrow-derived macrophages and RAW264.7 cell line were used. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1), Klf4 and MCPIP1 transcript levels. Extraction of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins and Immunoblotting were used to determine Klf4, MCPIP1, relative kinases from NF-κB pathway and K63-linked polyubiquitins expression in nucleus and cytoplasm separately. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to analyze whether Klf4 mediate MCPIP1 transcription. Immunoprecipitation was used to determine the protein interaction among Klf4, MCPIP1, TRAF6 and K63-linked polyubiquitins. Secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α into sera in mice was measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We found that exposure to lipopolysaccharides suppresses Klf4 expression, even as it induces release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Strikingly, Klf4 overexpression significantly lowered cytokine secretion and NF-κB signaling in the cytoplasm following exposure to lipopolysaccharide, even though Klf4 was exclusively nuclear. The cytoplasmic effects are likely mediated by MCP-1 induced protein 1 (MCPIP1), a deubiquitinase and a key modulator of inflammation that accumulates both in the nucleus and cytoplasm in response to Klf4. Indeed, binding between MCPIP1 and K63 polyubiquitins is attenuated in macrophages overexpressing Klf4, suggesting that MCPIP1 is an intermediator induced by Klf4 in the nucleus to remove K63 polyubiquitins from TRAF6 in the cytoplasm, and thereby impede NF-κB and inflammatory signaling. Importantly, Klf4 overexpression in mice alleviated sepsis symptoms following exposure to lipopolysaccharides. Conclusion: The data highlight Klf4 as an essential MCPIP1-dependent modulator of innate immunity that protects against excessive and self-destructive inflammation.
Clinical Studies of Cell Therapy in Cardiovascular Medicine
Authors: Banerjee Monisha N. , Bolli Roberto , Hare Joshua M.
Published: July 2018

Given the rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease worldwide and the limited therapeutic options for severe heart failure, novel technologies that harness the regenerative capacity of the heart are sorely needed. The therapeutic use of stem cells has the potential to reverse myocardial injury and improve cardiac function, in contrast to most current medical therapies that only mitigate heart failure symptoms. Nearly 2 decades and >200 trials for cardiovascular disease have revealed that most cell types are safe; however, their efficacy remains controversial, limiting the transition of this therapy from investigation to practice. Lessons learned from these initial studies are driving the design of new clinical trials; higher fidelity of cell isolation techniques, standardization of conditions, more consistent use of state of the art measurement techniques, and assessment of multiple end points to garner insights into the efficacy of stem cells. Translation to clinical trials has almost outpaced our mechanistic understanding, and individual patient factors likely play a large role in stem cell efficacy. Therefore, careful analysis of dosing, delivery methods, and the ideal patient populations is necessary to translate cell therapy from research to practice. We are at a pivotal stage in the field in which information from many relatively small clinical trials must guide carefully executed efficacy trials. Larger efficacy trials are being launched to answer questions about older, first-generation stem cell therapeutics, while novel, second-generation products are being introduced into the clinical realm. This review critically examines the current state of clinical research on cell-based therapies for cardiovascular disease, highlighting the controversies in the field, improvements in clinical trial design, and the application of exciting new cell products.
Beet the Best?
Authors: Woessner Mary , VanBruggen Mitch D. , Pieper Carl F. , Sloane Richard , Kraus William E. , Gow Andrew J. , Allen Jason D.
Published: July 2018

Rationale:

A primary goal of therapy for patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and intermittent claudication is increased ambulatory function. Supervised exercise rehabilitation was recently shown to confer superior walking benefits to pharmacological or surgical interventions. Increases in plasma inorganic nitrite, via oral nitrate, have been shown to increase exercise performance in both human and animal models, especially in hypoxic conditions.

Objective:

To determine whether a 36-session exercise rehabilitation program while consuming oral inorganic nitrate (4.2 mmol concentrated beetroot juice) would produce superior benefits over exercise plus placebo in pain-free walking and markers of increased skeletal muscle perfusion in patients with PAD and intermittent claudication.

Methods and Results:

This was a randomized, double-blind, per-protocol study design. After the 12-week protocol, claudication onset time on a maximal treadmill test increased by 59.2±57.3 s for the exercise plus placebo group (n=13) and by 180.3±46.6 s for the exercise plus beetroot juice group (n=11;
P
≤0.05). This produced a between treatment medium to large standardized effect size (Cohen d) of 0.62 (95% CI, −0.23 to +1.44). The data for 6-minute walk distance showed a similar pattern with increases of 24.6±12.1 and 53.3±19.6 m (
P
≤0.05) in the exercise plus placebo and exercise plus beetroot juice groups, respectively. Measures of gastrocnemius perfusion, including ankle-brachial index, peak reactive hyperemic blood flow, and tissue deoxygenation characteristics, during exercise (assessed my near-infrared spectroscopy) all changed significantly for the exercise plus beetroot juice group with moderate-to-large effect sizes over exercise plus placebo changes.

Conclusions:

Although it is premature to speculate on overall clinical utility of a nitrate-based therapy for PAD, this early pilot study evidence is encouraging. Specifically, our data suggests that increasing plasma nitrite before exercise may allow PAD subjects to train with less pain, at higher workloads for longer durations at each training session, thereby maximizing the beneficial peripheral vascular and skeletal muscle adaptations.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01684930 and NCT01785524.
The Theory of General Devolution: A Call for an African Solar Renaissance
Authors: Luyaluka Kiatezua Lubanzadio
Published: July 2018

Through its theory of general devolution, this article shows that as African holistic epistemology was pushed at the fringe of cultural and scientific practices, Africa lost the advances it enjoyed in precolonial time in the domains of equality of the genre, ethical norms, medicine, textile, astronomy, and so on, because African scholars could not defend the scientific validity and superiority of the holistic epistemology on which these traditional values are based. For the solution to this general devolution, solar renaissance is urged as the reintroduction of solar religion which will practically result in the parallel reintroduction of the initiatory education with its accompanying development of the potential for the freedom soul, a powerful tool against “epistemological obstacles.” The demonstrated scientific validity of African holistic epistemology will thus lead to the revalorization of our original cost-efficient and cost-effective traditional technologies.
A Comparison of Foster Care Reentry After Adoption in Two Large U.S. States
Authors: Rolock Nancy , White Kevin R. , Ocasio Kerrie , Zhang Lixia , MacKenzie Michael J. , Fong Rowena
Published: July 2018

Purpose:

This study examines foster care reentry after adoption, in Illinois and New Jersey. The provision of services and supports to adoptive families have garnered recent attention due to concern about the long-term stability of adoptive homes.

Method:

This study used administrative data to examine the pre-adoption characteristics associated with post-adoption foster care reentry. Children were tracked longitudinally, using administrative data, for five to fifteen years (depending on their date of adoption), or the age of majority.

Results:

Results indicated that most (95%) children did not reenter foster care after adoption. Findings from survival models suggested key covariates that may help to identify children most at risk for post-adoption reentry: child race, age at adoption, number of placement moves in foster care, and time spent in foster care prior to adoption.

Conclusion:

Study findings may help identify families most at-risk for post-adoption difficulties in order to develop preventative adoption service.
How I treat primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Giulino-Roth Lisa
Published: July 2018

The World Health Organization now recognizes primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) as a unique clinical and biologic entity. PMBCL is distinct from other B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes and has features that overlap with classical Hodgkin lymphoma, including a peak incidence in the adolescent and young adult population, mediastinal presentation of disease, and molecular alterations in JAK2 and programmed death ligands. Because PMBCL is rare, there are few prospective clinical trials to guide therapy, resulting in no single standard of care. Given the long life expectancy of survivors of PMBCL, treatment approaches must balance maximizing cure while minimizing long-term toxicity. In this article, I review my approach to the treatment of PMBCL, incorporating data from adult and pediatric studies, as well as recent advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of PMBCL.
Intermittent screening and treatment with artemether–lumefantrine versus intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine for malaria in pregnancy: a facility-based, open-label, non-inferiority trial in Nigeria
Authors: Esu Ekpereonne , Berens-Riha Nicole , Pritsch Michael , Nwachuku Nuria , Loescher Thomas , Meremikwu Martin
Published: July 2018

Background

The spread of SP resistance may compromise the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (MiP) with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) across Africa. However, there is no recommended alternative medicine for IPTp or alternative strategy for prevention of MiP. This poses problems for the prevention of MiP. This study investigated, whether screening with a rapid diagnostic test for malaria at routine antenatal clinic attendances and treatment of only those who are positive (intermittent screening and treatment) with artemether–lumefantrine is as effective and safe as IPTp-SP in pregnant women.

Methods

During antenatal clinic sessions at the General Hospital Calabar, Nigeria, held between October 2013 and November 2014, 459 pregnant women were randomized into either the current standard IPTp-SP or intermittent screening and treatment with artemether–lumefantrine (ISTp-AL). All women received a long-lasting insecticide-treated net at enrolment. Study women had a maximum of four scheduled visits following enrolment. Haemoglobin concentration and peripheral parasitaemia were assessed in the third trimester (36–40 weeks of gestation). Birth weight was documented at delivery or within a week for babies delivered at home.

Results

In the third trimester, the overall prevalence of severe anaemia (Hb < 8 g/dl) and moderate (8–10.9 g/dl) anaemia was 0.8 and 27.7%, respectively, and was similar in both treatment groups (p = 0.204). The risk of third-trimester severe anaemia did not differ significantly between both treatment arms (risk difference − 1.75% [95% CI − 4.16 to 0.66]) although the sample was underpowered for this outcome due to several participants being unavailable to give a blood sample. The risk of third-trimester maternal parasitaemia was significantly lower in the ISTp-AL arm (RD − 3.96% [95% CI − 7.76 to − 0.16]). The risk of low birthweight was significantly lower in the ISTp-AL arm after controlling for maternal age, gravidity and baseline parasitaemia (risk difference − 1.53% [95% CI − 1.54 to − 1.15]). Women in the ISTp-AL arm complained of fever more frequently compared to women in the IPTp-SP arm (p = 0.022).

Conclusions

The trial results suggest that in an area of high malaria transmission with moderate sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine resistance, ISTp with artemether–lumefantrine may be an effective strategy for controlling malaria in pregnancy.

Trial registration PACTR, PACTR201308000543272. Registered 29 April 2013, http://www.pactr.org/ATMWeb/appmanager/atm/atmregistry?dar=true&tNo=PACTR201308000543272
Feasibility of a novel liquid fiducial marker for use in image guided radiotherapy of oesophageal cancer
Authors: de Blanck Steen Riisgaard , Scherman-Rydhög Jonas , Siemsen Mette , Christensen Merete , Baeksgaard Lene , Irming Jølck Rasmus , Specht Lena , Andresen Thomas Lars , Persson Gitte Fredberg
Published: July 2018

Objective:

To evaluate the feasibility of a new liquid fiducial marker for use in image-guided radiotherapy for oesophageal cancer.

Methods:

Liquid fiducial markers were implanted in patients with metastatic or inoperable locally advanced oesophageal or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer receiving radiotherapy. Markers were implanted using a conventional gastroscope equipped with a 22 G Wang needle. Marker visibility was evaluated on fluoroscopy, CT, MRI and cone beam CT scans.

Results:

Liquid markers (n = 16) were injected in four patients. No Grade 2 or worse adverse events were observed in relation to the implantation procedure, during treatment or in the follow-up period. 12/16 (75%) markers were available at the planning CT-scan and throughout the treatment- and follow-up period. The implanted markers were adequately visible in CT and cone beam CT but were difficult to distinguish in fluoroscopy and MRI without information from the corresponding CT image.

Conclusion:

Liquid fiducial marker placement in the oesophagus proved safe and clinically feasible.

Advances in knowledge:

This paper presents the first clinical use of a new liquid fiducial marker in patients with oesophageal cancer and demonstrates that marker implantation using standard gastroscopic equipment and subsequent use in three-dimensional image-guided radiation therapy is safe and clinically feasible.
eXamine: Visualizing annotated networks in Cytoscape
Authors: Spohr Philipp , Dinkla Kasper , Klau Gunnar W. , El-Kebir Mohammed
Published: July 2018

eXamine is a Cytoscape app that displays set membership as contours on top of a node-link layout of a small graph. In addition to facilitating interpretation of enriched gene sets of small biological networks, eXamine can be used in other domains such as the visualization of communities in small social networks.

eXamine was made available on the Cytoscape App Store in March 2014, has since registered more than 7,700 downloads, and has been highly rated by more than 25 users. In this paper, we present eXamine's new automation features that enable researchers to compose reproducible analysis workflows to generate visualizations of small, set-annotated graphs.
Information Technologies in the Work of Municipal Controlling and Counting Bodies
Authors: Перов В. , Perov V. , Кличева Е. , Klicheva E.
Published: July 2018

The article explored the practice of applying information technology in controlling and counting of municipal bodies. The information on information systems for automation document flow between control and counting bodies and municipalities; perform supervisory powers control and accounting bodies; process for the preparation of consolidated accounts and audit of procurementis compiled and analyzed. On the one hand, the development of information technologies,including the use of “big data” systems and artificial intelligence allows you to withdraw municipal controlling and counting bodies at a qualitatively new level, going from penalties to prevent violations and application of risk-management tools. On the other hand, it requires the solution of new tasks. The authors give proposals to improve the application of municipal software controlling and counting bodies in order to improve the effectiveness of financial controls, maintaining sustainable economic development and social stability of the municipalities.
Commute to school, level of physical activity, and physical fitness of young adolescents in the Municipality of Florestal, Minas Gerais
Authors: De Oliveira Jennifer , Simplício Afonso , Leite Daniel , Pussieldi Guilherme
Published: July 2018

This study aimed to evaluate performance in physical fitness tests and physical activity level when comparing the level of physical activity and performance in physical fitness tests among adolescents who moved in three different ways to school.The sample was 60 students (50% female), divided equally into three groups: walk, bike and motorized transport, aged between 15 and 18 years (16,38 ±0,86 years). The physical fitness was evaluated by means of the six-minute run/walk tests, horizontal jump test and 20m maximal speed run. The physical activity score was estimated by the brief IPAQ version. The time and distance displaced by each school was estimated through the Global Positioning System by the Google Maps application. The main findings were that in the physical fitness evaluation, in neither test and for both sexes were found significant differences in physical performance of the three groups. But we found differences in physical activity levels between the walking and motorized transport groups. And the distance traveled by the motorized group was higher than that of the other groups, in both sexes, and the mean total time spent to perform the displacement in the bicycle group in both sexes was smaller. The differences in time or distance between the groups were not able to produce an e ect on the physical fitness. We concluded that the walking group presents a higher level of physical activity to the other groups, pedaling and motorized, suggesting that walking improves physical tness due to time spent on the course.
Organization and functioning of the health gym program in the city of Camaragibe-PE
Authors: Lucena Juliana , Saturnino Leonardo , Menezes Vilde , Feitosa Wallacy , Guarda Flávio
Published: July 2018

The evaluation of health policies and programs is an important tool for decision-making. Among the instruments used for this purpose, the Logical Model stands out, establishing a visual reference regarding the interaction among the inputs, activities and expected results of an intervention. The present study aimed to evaluate the organization of actions and the functioning of the Programa Academia da Saúde (PAS – Health Gym Program) in the city of Camaragibe, Pernambuco state, Northeastern Brazil, using a logical model. Program actions were in line with some guidelines established by the Brazilian Ministry of Health services in relation to other primary care services and promotion of the adoption of active lifestyles by the population. However, they do not comply with the recommendations for work shifts and the professionals’ workload at the centers. Camaragibe has the potential to enlarge the scope of multi-professional approaches aimed at comprehensive care.
An Empirical Analysis of Consumer Purchase Behavior of Base Products and Add-ons Given Compatibility Constraints
Authors: Liu Xiao , Derdenger Timothy , Sun Baohong
Published: July 2018

Despite the common practice of multiple standards in the high-technology product industry, there is a lack of knowledge on how compatibility between base products and add-ons affects consumer purchase decisions at the brand and/or standard level. We recognize the existence of compatibility constraints and develop a dynamic model in which a consumer makes periodic purchase decisions on whether to adopt/replace a base and/or an add-on product under the expectation of future price, quality, and compatibility. Dynamic and interactive inventory effects are included by allowing consumers to account for the long-term financial implications when planning to switch to a base product that is incompatible with their inventory of add-ons. Applying the model to the consumer purchase history of digital cameras and memory cards from 1998 to 2004, we demonstrate that the inventory of add-ons significantly affects the purchase of base products. This “lock-in” effect is enhanced when future prices of add-ons increase. Interestingly, it is more costly for consumers to switch from Sony to other brands than vice versa. In two policy simulations, we explore the impact of alternative compatibility policies. For example, if Sony had not created its proprietary Memory Stick, the market share of its cameras would have been reduced by 6 percentage points. This result provides important insights that leading brands and early movers should implement a proprietary standard.

Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2017.1080 .
O LUGAR DA ORALIDADE NO ESPAÇO DA ESCRITA: DESAFIOS PARA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INDÍGENA GUARANI MBYA - RJ
Authors: Fernandes Gabriela Nunes , Russo Kelly Cristina
Published: July 2018

Este artigo discute a relação entre oralidade e escrita na educação escolar indígena a partir da perspectiva de uma professora Guarani, que atua há mais de dez anos na educação escolar de seu povo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e os instrumentos metodológicos foram: levantamento bibliográfico, observação participante em encontros de formação de professores Guarani e realização de entrevista. De acordo com as análises realizadas é possível considerar que os desafios em torno da oralidade e da escrita no contexto da educação escolar indígena precisam ser compreendidos como uma tensão intercultural permanente centrada nas reflexões e práticas de professores indígenas.
Managing the immunosuppressed adult traveller
Authors: Gawthrop Mary
Published: July 2018

The number of immunosuppressed individuals travelling is increasing. Mary Gawthrop explains the important points to consider when advising these travellers

Immunosuppression is defined as the suppression of the body's immune system and its ability to fight infections and other diseases. The number of immunosuppressed individuals travelling is increasing. As practice nurses deliver the majority of travel health services in the UK, it is important that they are familiar with appropriate sources of advice. Immunosuppressed travellers should be aware that they are vulnerable to developing significant complications if they contract opportunistic infections while travelling. Practice nurses should have the confidence to seek advice from an immunosuppressed traveller's hospital specialist if appropriate, with the consent of the traveller.
Broadening the horizons of student nurses: It's not all about acute care
Authors: Brindley Allison , Carroll Rachael
Published: July 2018

Allison Brindley and Rachael Carroll discuss their experience of increasing the number of placements available for student nurses in primary care

It is important to increase the number of pre-registration nursing placements in general practice to ensure students are aware of the options available to them in primary care. De Montfort University were invited to deliver a workshop on this topic at the annual Midlands and East General Practice Nursing Conference. The workshop aimed to provoke discussion about increasing the number of student nurses on placement in general practice and for facilitators to gain a better understanding of the enablers and barriers. Participants were divided into two groups for discussion: the experienced voice and the student voice. Both groups fed back a summary of their conversation. The workshop was an opportunity for student nurses and professionals to come together and explore the benefits of providing placements in general practice.
Environmental perception and activities in environmental education based on socio-ecological resilience
Authors: Freitas Mirlaine Rotoly de , Matias Stella V. B. G. , Macedo Renato L. G. , Venturin Nelson , Freitas Matheus Puggina de
Published: July 2018

A concepção de ambiente para estudantes da educação básica e ensino médio foi obtida a partir da análise da percepção ambiental baseada em desenhos, enquanto as ações pró-ambientais mais importantes apontadas pelos estudantes foram capturadas por meio de um survey. Os dados de percepção ambiental e o nível das ações pró-ambientais foram correlacionados usando análise por componentes principais. A hipótese de que ações pró-ambientais significativas estão relacionadas com o nível de percepção ambiental foi confirmada. Portanto, atividades de ensino em educação ambiental baseada em resiliência sócio-ecológica são propostas para melhorar a percepção ambiental de estudantes e, consequentemente, conduzir a ações pró-ambientais efetivas.
A representação social de meio ambiente como ponto de partida para ações de Educação Ambiental uma ocupação irregular como espaço de educação não escolar
Authors: Rosa Roberta Soares da , Santos Karine Dos
Published: July 2018

Este artigo trata de estudo a respeito da representação social de meio ambiente presente entre os moradores de ocupações irregulares de periferia urbana. O objetivo foi diagnosticar a representação social de Meio Ambiente sob a ótica dos moradores da Vila Santo André no município de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, com a finalidade de orientar as ações de Educação Ambiental realizadas no âmbito não escolar dentro programa “Consumo Responsável II” do Departamento Municipal de Água e Esgoto – DMAE. O investimento em um processo de análise e interpretação das representações sociais constitui estratégia pedagógica a ser considerada na elaboração de propostas de intervenção junto a determinados grupos. A análise aqui proposta revelou outros temas que não estavam previstos nos planos de trabalho. Além disso, refletiu no alcance do objetivo inicial do projeto que era fortalecer a participação dos sujeitos nos processos de organização comunitária, tanto para a manutenção das conquistas de infraestrutura, quando para o investimento coletivo na busca por outras demandas.
Análise da contribuição das atividades de longa duração no movimento escoteiro para a Educação Ambiental de jovens
Authors: Sototuka Christie , Silva Rosana
Published: July 2018

Diante do pouco conhecimento científico sobre a contribuição da educação não-formal do Movimento Escoteiro (ME) na educação ambiental de jovens, investigamos sua relação com atividades ao ar livre de longa duração para tentar entender 1-) o que jovens de 15 a 17 anos lembram e valorizam nas suas experiências e 2-) se a participação nessas atividades influencia em sua educação ambiental em termos de conceitos, valores e formas de participação diferenciadas no cotidiano. Foram entrevistados 15 jovens de um Grupo Escoteiro de São Paulo por meio de questionário com perguntas abertas. Os resultados demonstram que as amizades e o contato com a natureza são fatores positivos importantes para participação nas atividades, que os jovens transferem algumas atitudes para o cotidiano e que apresentam visões globalizantes e naturalistas de meio ambiente. Entretanto, as atitudes dos jovens ainda são individuais, faltando o desenvolvimento de uma visão crítica da relação humana com o meio ambiente.
Um olhar sobre o potencial pedagógico da Serra do Torreão, João Câmara/RN
Authors: Fonseca Aleson Da Silva , Santos Adriana De Souza
Published: July 2018

A Educação Ambiental (EA) pode ser considerada como um processo transformador, que visa intervir de forma direta nos hábitos e atitudes dos cidadãos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi diagnosticar o potencial didático de uso da Serra do Torreão como espaço não formal de ensino na EA por professores do município de João Câmara/RN. Para coleta de dados foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado composto por 12 perguntas, sendo respondido por 15 professores. A análise do questionário demonstra que a maioria dos professores utilizam a serra como recurso pedagógico, porém de forma pontual, sem enfatizar a interdisciplinaridade. Contudo, a serra apresenta um grande potencial didático a ser aproveitado nas diferentes disciplinas, sendo uma área que pode auxiliar o professor e alunos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
“Vamos conversar sobre a água da Ilha dos Marinheiros?”: um mini-curso de educação ambiental para estudantes do ensino fundamental de uma comunidade com problemas de água potável (Rio Grande/RS).
Authors: Baumgarten Maria da Graça Zepka , Pereira Angélica Leivas , Souza Rodrigues Horacio Rodrigo , Veloso Carolina , Dias Giovana , Lima Kayla
Published: July 2018

A Ilha dos Marinheiros, pertence ao município de Rio Grande e tem cerca de 1.400 habitantes. Não tem suprimento de água potável ou rede de coleta de esgotos. O curso “Vamos conversar sobre a água da Ilha?” foi oferecido nas 4 escolas de nível fundamental da ilha. Está inserido em 2 projetos de extensão universitária desenvolvidos casa a casa na ilha e, buscou atingir também a comunidade estudantil. Ele teve 12 horas de atividades teóricas e práticas, divididas em 4 intervenções. Participaram do curso 150 alunos do 2˚ ao 8˚ ano, que receberam material didático e realizaram análises químicas simples da água consumida em suas casas. Este artigo descreve as ações aplicadas no curso, com a pretensão de que as mesmas motivem outras equipes a reproduzi-las, parcial ou integralmente, em comunidades escolares que enfrentam problemas com a qualidade da água.
Presentación del dossier “La enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales en las profesiones socio-sanitarias. Relatos de experiencias”
Authors: Garriga María Cristina , Morras Valeria
Published: July 2018

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Miseres, V. (2017). Mujeres en tránsito. Viaje, identidad y escritura en Sudamérica (1830-1910).
Authors: Caldo Paula
Published: July 2018

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KEANEKARAGAMAN TIPE TUTURAN KRAMA PADA MASYARAKAT JAWA PESISIR SEBAGAI BENTUK KEDINAMIKAAN DAN KETERBUKAAN BAHASA JAWA KEKINIAN
Authors: Suryadi Muhammad
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThe Javanese language that developed in the Coastal Region could change (development) in a shape and type of speaking. The Javanese language that developed in the Coastal Region could have change (development) in a form and type of speaking. The changes on a shape was dominated by a variant of lexicon (dialectic). The changes on speaking type tended to occur in the understanding and speaking krama. This research was focused on changing the type of speaking krama language.The Location of research in Semarang city as a part of the coastal region. Data collection used the observation methods, in-depth interview, structured interview and focus group discussion. Data analysis used a sorting elements method of lingual targets, and column method that based on column and row.The findings of research was the emergence of variety of the type on speaking krama on the coastal Java community in Semarang City as a dynamic form and openness at Recency of Javanese Language.The direction of diversity sequence was still rooted in the core of Javanese Language standards.The four type discovered on krama, namely standard of krama, kramanisasi themselves, naturalization and migration lexicon.
Cell dedifferentiation and multiplication of Burdock (Arctium Lappa) as a medicinal plant
Authors: Zebarjadi Alireza , Kazem Samaneh , Kahrizi Danial
Published: July 2018

Arctium lappa L. (Burdock) is an important plant with various pharmacological effects. According to the importance of this plant, optimization of its tissue culture will lead to more investigation and application of it. The aim of this study was to develop protocols for callus induction and shoot regeneration of A.  lappa. In order to optimize of tissue culture in A. lappa, callus induction, indirect regeneration and direct regeneration were carried out in factorial experiment based on Completely Randomized Designs (CRDs). Hypocotyl and cotyledon were cultured on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) for callus induction. In indirect regeneration experiment various levels of BAP and Î±-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and two types of explants (calli derived from cotyledon and hypocotyl) were investigated. In direct regeneration section, various levels of BAP plus 2 mg/l NAA and different explants (cotyledon, hypocotyl and bud) were compared. In both cotyledon and hypocotyl, the maximum callus induction was observed on a media containing 2 mg/l 2,4-D plus 1 mg/l BAP (100% and 76.19% respectively). The highest percentage of indirect regeneration (65%) was observed at 1 mg/l BAP plus 0.5 mg/l NAA on calli from hypocotyl. The highest percentage of direct regeneration (90.33) was observed in hypocotyl with a lateral bud explant on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP plus 2 mg/l NAA. In this study, optimization of tissue culture protocol for A. lappa was carried out as a research technique, as well as technique for further exploitation of this plant.
Effects of Cichorium intybus on serum oxidative stress, liver and kidney volume, and cyclin B1 and Bcl-2 levels in the brains of rats with ethanol induced damage
Authors: Ergul Erkec Ozlem , Arihan Okan , Colcimen Nese , Kara Mehmet , Karatas Ersin , Demir Halit , Cetin Ragbetli Murat
Published: July 2018

We investigated the effects of an aqueous root extract of Cichorium intybus on Bcl-2 and cyclin B1 levels in the brain, kidney and liver volumes and changes of serum total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels in ethanol induced damage in rats. The rats were divided into five groups: non-treated controls (C), maltodextrin in tap water treated (MD), 6.4% ethanol in tap water treated (ET), Cichorium intybus + maltodextrin in tap water treated (CI+MD), and Cichorium intybus + 6.4% ethanol in tap water treated (CI+ET). Rats in the CI+MD and CI+ET groups were treated with 200 mg/kg water extract of Cichorium intybus. Chronic ethanol aMDinistration significantly increased cyclin B1 and decreased Bcl-2 levels in the brain and significantly decreased TAS values, increased TOS values of serum and significantly decreased kidney volume in the ET group. There was no significant difference in the liver volume or liver cell count. Our data revealed that ethanol aMDinistration induces an overexpression of cyclin B1 and decreases levels of Bcl-2 in rat brains and induced oxidative stress in the blood. C. intybus treatment possessed a partial amelioration effect on cyclin B1 levels and TAS values.
Cyclic stretch induces VEGFA alternative splicing via Serine/Arginine-Rich Splicing Factor 1
Authors: Xie Zhi-Wei , Chen Yuan-Xiu , Long Cai-Feng , Qi Ying-Xin , Yao Qing-Ping
Published: July 2018

Abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by high cyclic stretch is crucial in the vascular remodeling during hypertension. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) alternative splicing plays important roles in the pathological process of vascular diseases and remodeling. However, the roles of VEGFA isoforms in modulating VSMC functions in response to cyclic stretch remain unclear. We hypothesize that high cyclic stretch may induce VEGFA alternative splicing via Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) which subsequently induce VSMC proliferation. In the present research, hypertensive rat model was established using the abdominal aortic constriction method. In comparison with sham-operated group, immunohistology staining showed translocation of SRSF1 into nuclei in hypertensive rat thoracic aorta, and RT-PCR detected a shift of VEGFA expression pattern, including the increased expression of VEGFA120 and VEGFA164, but not VEGFA188.Then VSMCs were subjected to cyclic stretch in vitro using a Flexercell strain unit. VEGFA ELISA assay showed 15% cyclic stretch increased the secretion of VEGFA which significantly increased proliferation of VSMCs. Western blot and immunofluorescence detected accumulation of SRSF1 in nuclei after 15% cyclic stretch application. Furthermore, SRSF1-specific siRNA transfection reversed the VEGFA secretion induced by pathological high cyclic stretch. Our present results suggested that pathologically high cyclic stretch induces the shuttling of SRSF1 which results in the secretive pattern splicing of VEGFA and finally contributes to the proliferation of VSMCs.
Pullulan gum production from low-quality fig syrup using Aureobasidium pullulans
Authors: Monjazeb Marvdashti Leila , Abdolshahi Anna , Hedayati Sara , Sharifi-Rad Mehdi , Iriti Marcello , Salehi Bahare , Sharifi-Rad Javad
Published: July 2018

Pullulan is an important polysaccharide with several potential applications in food science, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, but high costs of pullulan production are the main limitation for commercial utilization. Therefore, a cost-effective process for pullulan production was developed using fig syrup as an exclusive nutrient source. In particular, the feasibility of using low quality fig syrup as a supplemental substrate for pullulan gum production by Aureobasidium pullulans was investigated. Fermentation was carried out over a range of fig syrup and sucrose degrees Brix (5-15%). Maximum pullulan gum production was observed after 96h using 12.5% fig syrup, yielding approximately14.06 g/L. This value of pullulan production (14.06 g/L) was higher than the amount of pullulan produced using sucrose as substrate (5.01 g/L). In conclusion, fig syrup was an effective substrate for pullulan production by Aureobasidium pullulans, and, therefore, this byproduct deserves attention for the cost-effective and environmentally friendly pullulan production.