bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Adaptive Strategies in the Link Between Sexual Harassment and Burnout in Higher Education: A Three-Path Mediation Model
Authors: Sobaih Abu Elnasr E. , Gharbi Hassane , Brini Riadh , Abdelghani Tamer M.
Published: February 2025

Like many other sectors, women in higher education have had negative experiences with sexual harassment. This study examines the coping mechanisms used by female lecturer/researchers and their impact on burnout. Based on Occupational Stress Theory, this research specifically analyzes the mediating role of three coping strategies, i.e., problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidant coping. A quantitative survey was conducted among 800 Tunisian women teacher-researchers, with 613 complete responses that are valid for analysis. The results revealed that under the influence of sexual harassment, women in Tunisian higher education institutions suffer increased burnout. Structural equation analysis shows that emotion-focused coping has a partial mediation effect, while avoidant coping fully mediates the link between harassment and burnout. This research adds to the literature on sexual harassment and suggests implications for the prevention and support of victims in higher education institutions.
Trends and Gender Dynamics in Professional Certification Growth in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alotaibi Turkiah , Almusharraf Norah , Imran Muhammad , Gamage Kelum A. A.
Published: February 2025

This study explores the trends and gender dynamics in professional certification growth in Saudi Arabia, a key driver of workforce development and economic transformation. While professional certifications are increasingly valued across various industries, there has been limited research exploring demographic trends and disparities in their attainment. Using publicly available data from the KSA Open Data Platform (n = 990), this study analyzes certification growth between 2020 and 2022, revealing a steady rise in holders, particularly in advanced certifications like the SOCPA Fellowship. However, despite this growth, the findings highlight a persistent gender gap, with men significantly outnumbering women at all levels, especially in advanced qualifications. These trends raise questions about access and equity, emphasizing the need for targeted initiatives to close the gender gap. While constrained by the representativeness and scope of the available data, this study provides a robust foundation for future research to explore the socio-economic impacts of professional certifications in Saudi Arabia, integrating more comprehensive datasets and qualitative approaches to deepen understanding.
Innovation Impact in the Textile Industry: From the Toyota Production System to Artificial Intelligence
Authors: de Carvalho Paula Tavares , Lopes José Dias , Raimundo Ricardo Jorge
Published: February 2025

The Toyota Production System (TPS) was a revolutionary approach to automobile production that influenced companies all over the world. The fight against redundancy is at the core of this approach. The textile industry remains one of the most polluting sectors worldwide, which makes environmental sustainability a key concern. In line with national priorities, companies are striving to balance profitability with sustainability, minimizing defects and reducing waste. This study explores the evolution of textile production systems from TPS principles to the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and how they can be used from a sustainability perspective. Smartex, a textile start-up recognized as the winner of the Web Summit 2021 competition, was chosen as the focus of this case study. Employing qualitative research methods, including content analysis of interviews, management reports and website data, the study examines the parallels and distinctions between TPS and Smartex’s AI-driven system. The findings highlight how Smartex is revolutionizing the textile industry by leveraging AI to avoid defects and reduce waste, advancing both environmental and commercial objectives. Finally, the implications and limitations of the research are explained.
The Spatiotemporal Variability of Marine Plankton Ecosystem Services at the Regional Scale: A Combined Approach Using a Systematic Review and Network Analysis
Authors: Russo Luca , Bellardini Daniele , Casotti Raffaella , Licandro Priscilla , Mazzocchi Maria Grazia , Murillas Arantza , Percopo Isabella , Sarno Diana , D’Alelio Domenico
Published: February 2025

Marine plankton include organisms driving multiple ecosystem services (ESs). In this study, we identified ESs provided by planktonic consortia worldwide from the analysis of scientific literature. We also mapped the identified ESs onto forty-nine plankton trophic networks derived from presence–absence data obtained from two coastal surveys in three areas along the coast of the Campania region in the Tyrrhenian Sea (NW Mediterranean). The systematic review evidenced that ESs associated with goods provision and ecosystem regulation were the most studied categories, while cultural ESs were the least considered. The mapping of ESs across the Campania coast revealed significant spatiotemporal variations in plankton-based ESs, which depend on seasonal variability and local environmental conditions. Among the ESs, those connected with the regulation and maintenance of marine ecosystems dominated both temporally and spatially, highlighting the crucial role of plankton in ecosystem stability and resilience. Moreover, although the direct provision of goods and materials was less represented, food provision to higher trophic levels was widespread within each coastal sector, highlighting the crucial role of plankton biodiversity in directly sustaining the whole marine ecosystem and related economic activities such as fisheries and aquacultures.
Raw and Calcined Eggshells as P-Reactive Materials in a Circular Economy Approach
Authors: Bus Agnieszka , Budzanowska Kamila , Karczmarczyk Agnieszka , Baryła Anna
Published: February 2025

Phosphorus (P) is a crucial factor influencing both plant growth and the enrichment of the aquatic environment. Agriculture is the primary sector of the economy where the demand for phosphorus is the highest. Due to the depletion of P, more and more attention is being paid to the possibility of recovering and reusing P through the idea of a circular economy (CE). The main objective of this study was to compare raw eggshells (R-ESs) and calcined eggshells (C-ESs) for P removal from wastewater and assess the possible use of agro-waste materials according to CE requirements in non-flow conditions. A synthetic indicator, the zeroed unitarization method, was calculated to evaluate the critical aspects of materials according to the CE. The sorption of R-ESs and C-ESs equaled 0.90 and 1.66 mgP-PO4/g for an initial concentration of 17.3 mgP-PO4/L. The C-ESs were characterized by an almost two times higher reduction rate than R-ESs. The calculated indicator for the CE requirements equaled 0.89 and 0.72 for R-ESs and C-ESs, respectively. This means that R-ESs are more sustainable than C-ESs. Although C-ESs potentially have a more significant environmental impact, it is worth considering that this method of P elimination is beneficial from an ecological perspective.
Sustainable Solutions for Ukrainian Grain Transit Through Poland: Enhancing Terminal Infrastructure
Authors: Naumov Vitalii , Aloshynskyi Yevhen , Bauer Marek
Published: February 2025

The ongoing conflict in Ukraine has significantly disrupted global food supply chains, exacerbating existing food security challenges. To mitigate these disruptions, this study proposes a comprehensive approach to establishing sustainable intermodal terminals and technology parks along the Ukrainian–Polish border. To address this research issue, we analyzed the Ukrainian and global grain markets using publicly available statistical data. This analysis revealed the need to enhance grain transit through Poland, with terminal development identified as a crucial factor. Furthermore, a thorough analysis of the Polish freight rail transport market provided forecasts of potential demand for rail transit. Utilizing Petri nets as a modeling tool, we simulated the transit system at the macro level. Based on this simulation, we identified potential locations for freight terminals at the Ukrainian border near EU countries. Employing the AHP methodology, we evaluated these potential locations and selected Kovel in the Volyn region of Ukraine as the most promising alternative. For this location, we proposed the development of a new technological park. The implementation of this project, with the capacity to process and clear up to 600 wagons per day, would facilitate the transshipment of up to 3000 tons of grain per day from Ukraine to EU countries.
Renewable Energy and Socio-Economic Transformation: Three Case Studies
Authors: Santos Eleonora
Published: February 2025

Portugal’s renewable energy transition plays a pivotal role in addressing climate change, enhancing energy security, and promoting sustainable development. This study examines the socio-economic impacts of renewable energy policies in Portugal from 2014 to 2022, with a focus on financial performance, employment trends, and gender equity. Utilizing financial assessments from the Orbis database and input–output analysis, the research examines three companies—EDP, E-Redes, and Logical Gravity—classified under NACE Rev. 2 code 3513. The study finds that investments in renewable energy improved profitability and solvency, especially during recovery phases, reflecting the sector’s financial resilience. Larger firms like EDP experienced employment growth, while smaller firms faced more volatility, highlighting the need for targeted support. Despite progress, gender disparities and pay gaps persist, underscoring the need for gender-sensitive policies. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers seeking to ensure a just and sustainable energy transition, emphasizing strategic investments, workforce adaptation, and inclusivity.
Characterization and Health Risks of Groundwater Hydrochemistry in the Upper Weihe River Basin
Authors: Liu Jiutan , Lou Kexin , Tian Hong , Ma Chunqiang , Jiang Bing , Gao Zongjun
Published: February 2025

Groundwater is a vital and invaluable resource on our planet, serving as a critical water supply for human life, industrial activities, and agricultural production. It plays a pivotal role in sustaining human existence and driving societal progress. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the hydrochemical characteristics and controlling factors of groundwater in the Upper Weihe River (UWR) using statistical analysis, Piper diagrams, Gibbs diagrams, correlation analysis, and ion ratio analysis. To evaluate the suitability of the regional groundwater for potable use, we employed the entropy weight water quality index (EWQI). Additionally, the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and percentage of soluble sodium (Na%) were utilized to evaluate the groundwater’s adaptability to irrigation. Furthermore, this study also assessed the health risks faced by adults and children in the UWR. The findings indicate that the main cations and anions in groundwater are Ca2+ and HCO3−, respectively. The hydrochemical types are predominantly HCO3-Ca, Cl-Ca, and mixed types. The composition of groundwater is primarily influenced by the dissolution of silicate and carbonate minerals, with cation exchange also playing a significant role in shaping its hydrochemical characteristics. The water quality assessment indicates that the majority of groundwater in UWR is classified as “excellent” or “good”, rendering it suitable for human consumption. However, 7.17% of the water samples were of poor quality and unsuitable for drinking; these were primarily located in a few areas in the northern and western parts of the study area. Regarding irrigation, 94.83% of the groundwater is deemed very suitable; however, a small fraction is not appropriate for such use. Additionally, non-carcinogenic risks are generally higher across most parts of the study area for both children and adults, with children exhibiting significantly higher risks than adults. These findings offer crucial insights regarding the sustainable management and environmental conservation of groundwater resources in the UWR.
Antialgal Effects of Nonanoic and Palmitic Acids on Microcystis aeruginosa and the Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: Hu Ning , Tan Yaowen , Xiao Xian , Gao Yuexiang , Zheng Kaikai , Qian Wenhan , Zhang Yimin , Zhao Yuan
Published: February 2025

Algal blooms caused by Microcystis aeruginosa are a common occurrence and pose significant threats to freshwater ecosystems. This study investigates the antialgal effects and underlying mechanisms of two plant-derived fatty acids, nonanoic acid and palmitic acid, on Microcystis aeruginosa. The results show that the inhibitory effects of both fatty acids on M. aeruginosa increase with higher concentrations. Algal recovery occurs when nonanoic acid concentrations are below 0.5 mg/L and palmitic acid concentrations are below 50 mg/L. Acute toxicity tests indicate that the safe concentrations of nonanoic acid and palmitic acid are below 1.87 mg/L and 263.3 mg/L, respectively. The inhibitory effect of nonanoic acid is more pronounced under conditions of pH 5.5, 15 °C temperature, 0.75 mg/L nitrogen, and 2 mg/L phosphorus, with inhibition efficiency remaining unaffected by increased light intensity. Both fatty acids exert their strongest inhibitory effects in the early stages of addition (0–8 days), causing cell death and the release of extracellular organic matter primarily consisting of aromatic compounds and proteins. Oxidative stress analysis reveals that high concentrations of fatty acids can cause irreversible damage to the algae’s antioxidant defense system. These findings provide valuable insights for the prevention and control of cyanobacterial blooms, which can help promote the sustainable development of freshwater ecosystems.
Board Diversity and Environmental Disclosure: A Review, Current Insights, and Emerging Trends
Authors: Xu Bikun , Jamal Noriza Mohd , Liu Yue , Yahya Taher Ben
Published: February 2025

As the challenges of environmentally friendly development continue to intensify, the governance mechanisms of environmental disclosure have become particularly important. Although studies have explored the governance determinants of environmental disclosure, there is a lack of a comprehensive overview in the existing literature that addresses board diversity. To fill this gap, this study provides an in-depth analysis of board diversity that promotes environmental disclosure by systematically reviewing 74 relevant papers from the Scopus database. In addition to utilizing qualitative content analysis based on a systematic literature review, this study distinguishes and identifies board diversity factors influencing environmental disclosure through quantitative bibliometric analysis using a descriptive analysis. The results not only summarize the key findings of the existing literature but also suggest directions for future research, providing new perspectives that could aid in understanding and improving board diversity in environmental disclosure. Furthermore, this study identifies a number of challenges in practice, such as the difficulties that may be encountered in collecting and validating accurate environmental data. The study highlights the importance of board diversity for better environmental disclosure and suggests future research directions. Policymakers and management are urged to promote board diversity to improve environmental disclosure, which can enhance a company’s performance and societal value.
Does China’s Low-Carbon City Pilot Facilitate Firm Productivity? An Analysis of Industrial Firms
Authors: Meng Yuchao , Hu Jing
Published: February 2025

This study analyzed the impact of China’s Low-carbon City Pilot (LCCP) on firm productivity using firm-level financial data from the Chinese State Administration of Tax and patent data from the State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China from 2007 to 2016, with the aim of clarifying the impact and mechanism of carbon regulation on firms’ productivity from the perspective of a developing country. By employing a staggered difference-in-differences model, we solved the analytical difficulties caused by the low-carbon pilot batch. Our findings revealed that the LCCP has a positive effect on firm productivity, with a 3% increase in total factor productivity (TFP). We concluded that environmental regulations can increase firms’ productivity. We also identified the mechanism, determining that the LCCP can increase firms’ research and development expenditure and the number of patents, advancing technological development. We also demonstrated that the dispersion of TFP across LCCPs has decreased, showing that low-productivity firms exit the market and the exit mechanism is improved, while resources are allocated more efficiently and market distortions are mitigated. This study contributes to the literature on climate policies on firms’ productivity and provides policymakers with valuable insights for balancing environmental regulations and firm productivity.
Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Evolution Patterns and Driving Factors of Various Planting Structures in Henan Province Based on Mixed-Pixel Decomposition Methods
Authors: Han Kun , Yang Jingyu , Liu Chao
Published: February 2025

Understanding the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and drivers of cropping structures is crucial for adjusting cropping structure policies, ensuring the sustainability of land resources, and safeguarding food security. However, existing research lacks sub-pixel scale data on planting structure, where planted area data are mainly derived from manual counting results. In this study, remote sensing technology was combined with geostatistical methods to realize the spatiotemporal evolution of crop planting structure at sub-pixel scale. Firstly, the spatial distribution of the multiple cropping structure in Henan Province was extracted based on a mixed-pixel decomposition model, and spatiotemporal evolution of the crop planting structure was analyzed using a combination of Sen’s slope estimator and Mann–Kendall trend analysis, as well as centroid migration. Then, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to explore the contribution of driving factors. The results indicate the following: (1) from 2001 to 2022, the cropping structure in Henan Province shows a slightly obvious increase. (2) The centroid of different cropping structures migrates to the main production areas as a whole. (3) Among the driving factors, there was a positive correlation with the labor force and a negative correlation with the urbanization rate. This study provides new insights into the evolution of large-scale crop planting structures and offers significant theoretical and practical value for sustainable agricultural development and the optimization of agricultural planting structures.
Barriers to Hermetic Bag Adoption Among Smallholder Farmers in Malawi
Authors: Nakoma Ngoma Theresa , Leslie John F. , Katengeza Samson Pilanazo , Gama Aggrey Pemba , Mvumi Brighton M. , Chamboko Tafireyi , Mikwamba Kingsley , Nkhata Smith Gilliard , Monjerezi Maurice , Harvey Jagger , Matumba Limbikani
Published: February 2025

Hermetic grain storage bags are an airtight technology that protects stored grain from environmental factors, pests, and pathogens, with proven feasibility for smallholder farmer use. We examined the determinants and barriers to the use of these bags by smallholder farmers in Malawi and found that 83% of farmers were aware of hermetic bags for grain storage, but only 11–20% had ever used them, with half of the farmers who used the bags receiving them through donations. Furthermore, only 7.2% of farmers used the bags more than once. There was no association between their receipt of donated bags and their continued use and purchase of additional bags. There were, however, strong correlations between use of hermetic bags and the age of the head of household, distance to farmer groups’ meeting points, household size, and participation in a CIP-sponsored project. Focus group discussions identified key barriers to adopting hermetic bags, including local unavailability, perceived high cost, limited knowledge of the technology, low yields, and misconceptions about the utility of the bags. Thus, while donations play a central role in introducing hermetic bags, donations alone are insufficient in ensuring their long-term adoption. Addressing the identified barriers through improved availability, reduced costs, local manufacturing, and policy interventions such as microfinancing options and better distribution networks are essential to increasing the uptake of hermetic bags by smallholder farmers in Malawi and elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa.
Simulated Multi-Scenario Analysis of Land Use and Carbon Stock Dynamics in the Yiluo River Basin Using the PLUS-InVEST Model
Authors: Zhao Na , Gao Feilong , Qin Long , Sang Chenxi , Yao Zhijun , Liu Binglei , Zhang Minglei
Published: February 2025

Rapid human development has altered land use types, significantly impacting carbon stock, and poor land use will lead to an increase in carbon emissions and exacerbate climate change. Understanding the relationship between land use changes and carbon storage is critical for developing sustainable land management strategies that support carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. In this study, we analyzed and processed the land use transition changes from 1990 to 2020 and calculated the corresponding carbon storage. Based on the patterns of change and influencing factors (elevation, slope, soil type, GDP, population density, etc.), we predicted the future changes in land use and carbon storage in the Yiluo River Basin under different social development scenarios. It was found that due to the severe impact of natural factors, from 1990 to 2020, the area of cultivated land and grassland decreased by 1150.04 km2 and 936.66 km2, respectively, and the area of forested land and built-up area expanded by 1087.84 km2 and 969.26 km2, respectively. Carbon stocks in the region decreased between 1990 and 2010, followed by a modest recovery from 2010 to 2020, resulting in a total reduction of approximately 2.188 × 106 t. Spatially, carbon stocks diminished in the eastern part but increased in the western part. To assess the long-term sustainability implications, the study simulated four future development scenarios for human society: natural development, urban development, ecological protection, and water conservation. The results showed that in the urban expansion scenario, the proportion of construction land increased significantly, while the ecological protection scenario led to a substantial expansion of forested areas. Notably, carbon stocks showed a significant increase only under the ecological protection scenario, whereas they exhibited a declining trend in all other scenarios.
Dual-Performance Multi-Subpopulation Adaptive Restart Differential Evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Shen Yong , Xie Yunlu , Chen Qingyi
Published: February 2025

To cope with common local optimum traps and balance exploration and development in complex multi-peak optimisation problems, this paper puts forth a Dual-Performance Multi-subpopulation Adaptive Restart Differential Evolutionary Algorithm (DPR-MGDE) as a potential solution. The algorithm employs a novel approach by utilising the fitness and historical update frequency as dual-performance metrics to categorise the population into three distinct sub-populations: PM (the promising individual set), MM (the medium individual set) and UM (the un-promising individual set). The multi-subpopulation division mechanism enables the algorithm to achieve a balance between global exploration, local exploitation and diversity maintenance, thereby enhancing its overall optimisation capability. Furthermore, the DPR-MGDE incorporates an adaptive cross-variation strategy, which enables the dynamic adjustment of the variation factor and crossover probability in accordance with the performance of the individuals. This enhances the flexibility of the algorithm, allowing for the prioritisation of local exploitation among the more excellent individuals and the exploration of new search space among the less excellent individuals. Furthermore, the algorithm employs a collision-based Gaussian wandering restart strategy, wherein the collision frequency serves as the criterion for triggering a restart. Upon detecting population stagnation, the updated population is subjected to optimal solution-guided Gaussian wandering, effectively preventing the descent into local optima. Through experiments on the CEC2017 benchmark functions, we verified that DPR-MGDE has higher solution accuracy compared to newer differential evolution algorithms, and proved its significant advantages in complex optimisation tasks with the Wilcoxon test. In addition to this, we also conducted experiments on real engineering problems to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of DPR-MGDE in dealing with real engineering problems.
Pathology and Therapeutic Significance of Fibroblast Growth Factors
Authors: Edirisinghe Oshadi , Ternier Gaëtane , Kumar Thallapuranam Krishnaswamy Suresh
Published: February 2025

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family includes 22 proteins in humans. Based on their mode of action, there are three families of FGFs: paracrine FGFs (FGF 1–10, 16, 17, 18, 20, and 22), intracrine FGFs (FGF 11–14), and endocrine FGFs (FGF 19, 21, and 23). FGF signaling plays critical roles in embryonic development, tissue repair, regeneration, angiogenesis, and metabolic regulation. They exert their cellular functions by binding, dimerization, and activation of transmembrane FGF receptors (FGFRs). Aberrant FGF signaling is associated with various human diseases. Thus, understanding the unique properties of FGF signaling will help to explore new therapeutic interventions against FGF-mediated pathological conditions. This review will discuss the differential expression and regulation of each FGF under normal human physiological and pathological conditions. Moreover, we will outline current therapeutics and treatment strategies that have been developed against FGF-related pathology.
Backfill for Advanced Potash Ore Mining Technologies
Authors: Kovalsky Evgeny , Kongar-Syuryun Cheynesh , Morgoeva Angelika , Klyuev Roman , Khayrutdinov Marat
Published: February 2025

In today’s world, advanced technologies are indispensable. In the field of mining, the use of machine-learning techniques is a reliable and productive way to solve various problems. This article touches upon the issues of increasing the recovery rate at potash mines, using the technology of backfilling with hardening materials. The compositions of backfills with increased strength are developed. The results of laboratory studies are given. To reduce the labor intensity of the experimental work, as well as to develop and validate methodological approaches to machine-learning introduction in the fields of mining and geomechanical research, this paper also presents the results of the predicted calculated values of the multi-component backfill strength, obtained with the help of neural networks.
The Role of BIM 6D and 7D in Enhancing Sustainable Construction Practices: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Al-Raqeb Hanan , Ghaffar Seyed Hamidreza
Published: February 2025

The construction industry in Kuwait is experiencing a transformative shift with the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technologies, particularly BIM 6D for sustainability analysis and 7D for facility management. This study investigates the integration of these dimensions to address sustainability challenges in Kuwait’s construction sector, aligning practices with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through qualitative interviews with 15 stakeholders—including architects, engineers, and contractors—and analysis of industry reports, policies, and case studies, the research identifies both opportunities for and barriers to BIM adoption. While BIM offers significant potential for lifecycle analysis, waste reduction, and energy efficiency, its adoption remains limited, with only 27% of construction waste recycled. Challenges include high initial costs, a shortage of skilled personnel, and resistance to change. The study highlights actionable strategies, including enhanced regulatory frameworks, university curriculum integration, and professional training programs led by the Kuwait Society of Engineers, to address these barriers. It also emphasizes the critical role of collaboration among government bodies, industry leaders, and institutions like the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research. Drawing from successful international BIM projects, the findings offer a practical framework for improving sustainability in arid regions, positioning Kuwait’s experience as a model for other Middle Eastern and North African countries. This research underscores the transformative role of BIM technologies in advancing global sustainable construction practices and achieving a more efficient and eco-friendly future.
The Secretome of Brain Endothelial Cells Exposed to the Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Monocrotaline Induces Astrocyte Reactivity and Is Neurotoxic
Authors: Santos Letícia Oliveira , Borges Julita Maria Pereira , Leite Juliana Lago , Victor Mauricio Moraes , da Silva Adriana Lopes , dos Santos Cleonice Creusa , da Silva Victor Diógenes Amaral , Nascimento Ravena Pereira do , Costa Silvia Lima
Published: February 2025

Monocrotaline (MCT) has well-characterized hepatotoxic and pneumotoxic effects attributed to its active pyrrole metabolites. Studies have previously shown that astrocytes and neurons are targets of MCT, and that toxicity is attributed to astrocyte P450 metabolism to reactive metabolites. However, little is known about MCT toxicity and metabolism by brain endothelial cells (BECs), cells that, together with astrocytes, are specialized in xenobiotic metabolism and neuroprotection. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the toxicity of MCT in BECs, and the effects on astrocyte reactivity and neuronal viability in vitro. MCT was purified from Crotalaria retusa seeds. BECs, obtained from the brain of adult Wistar rats, were treated with MCT (1–500 µM), and cell viability and morphology were analyzed after 24–72 h of treatment. Astrocyte/neuron co-cultures were prepared from the cortex of neonatal and embryonic Wistar rats, and the cultures were exposed to conditioned medium (secretome) derived from BECs previously treated with MCT (100–500 µM, SBECM100/500). MCT was not toxic to BECs at the concentrations used and induced a concentration-dependent increase in cell dehydrogenase after 72 h of treatment, suggesting resistance to damage and drug metabolism. However, exposure of astrocyte/neuron co-cultures to the SBECM for 24 h induced changes in the cell morphology, vacuolization, and overexpression of GFAP in astrocytes, characterizing astrogliosis, and neurotoxicity with a reduction in the length of neurites labeled for β-III-tubulin, effects that were MCT concentration-dependent. These results support the hypothesis that MCT neurotoxicity may be due to products of its metabolism by components of the BBB such as BECs and astrocytes, which may be responsible for the brain lesions and symptoms observed after intoxication.
Regulation of Granzymes A and B by High-Risk HPV: Impact on Immune Evasion and Carcinogenesis
Authors: Maleka Mashego Nathan , Mbita Zukile , Morafo Vivian
Published: February 2025

The number of new cancer cases is soaring, and currently, there are 440.5 per 100,000 new cases reported every year. A quarter of these are related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, particularly types 16 and 18. These include oropharyngeal, anal, vaginal, and penile cancers. A critical aspect of their oncogenic potential lies in their ability to manipulate host immune responses, facilitating immune evasion and carcinogenesis. High-risk HPVs target key immune components like granzymes A and B and MHC-I, which are crucial for the elimination of virus-infected and transformed cells, thereby weakening immune surveillance. Evidence suggests that high-risk HPVs downregulate the expression of tumor suppressors, such as p53 and pRB, and the activity of these immune components, weakening CTL and NK cell responses, thus enabling persistent infection and carcinogenesis. We discuss the implications of granzyme and MHC-I dysregulation for immune evasion, tumor progression, and potential therapeutic strategies. This review further explores the regulation of granzyme A, B, and MHC-I by high-risk HPVs, focusing on how viral oncoproteins, E6 and E7, interfere with granzyme-mediated cytotoxicity and antigen presentation. The complex interplay between high-risk HPVs, granzyme A, granzyme B, and MHC-I may provide insights into novel approaches for targeting HPV-associated cancers.
The Role of the Heterogeneity of Volcanic Aquifer Properties in Assessing Sustainable Well Yield: Study Cases from Latium (Central Italy)
Authors: Sbarbati Chiara , Paoletti Matteo , Piscopo Vincenzo
Published: February 2025

Groundwater resources from the volcanic aquifers of northern Latium (central Italy) are widely used to supply local water needs and are mainly captured through wells. Nevertheless, despite the detailed hydrogeological knowledge of these aquifers, not enough information is available on the long-term pumping yield necessary to define the sustainable yield of a well. In this study, data from about 230 pumping tests (mainly step-drawdown and a few constant-flow-rate tests) performed in the volcanic aquifers of the Latium region were analyzed. Specifically, the aquifer formations intercepted by the wells are the fall and flow pyroclastic deposits of the Vico, Vulsini, and Sabatini volcanic districts; lava from the Vico, Cimino, and Vulsini volcanic districts; and Ignimbrite Cimina, one of the main pyroclastic products of the Cimino eruptions. These aquifers were grouped and analyzed by considering the type of permeability, hydrostratigraphic succession, and frequency and thickness of the aquifer horizons intercepted by wells. The results obtained in terms of specific capacity and transmissivity values are comparable among the identified different aquifer formations, showing a good correlation between the two parameters, a strong hydraulic heterogeneity (variability within five orders of magnitude), and variable responses regarding drawdown to pumping. This study highlights that the analysis of drawdown over time at a constant flow is fundamental in heterogeneous hydrogeological environments such as volcanic ones, where the trend in drawdown is often affected by the reduced spatial continuity of the most productive aquifer formations. Knowledge of the trend in drawdown over time, the thickness of the aquifer intercepted by the well, and the operating time of the well is an essential element in defining the sustainable yield of a well.
The Potential Role of Africa in Green Hydrogen Production: A Short-Term Roadmap to Protect the World’s Future from Climate Crisis
Authors: Snousy Moustafa Gamal , Abouelmagd Ashraf R. , Moustafa Yasser M. , Gamvroula Dimitra E. , Alexakis Dimitrios E. , Ismail Esam
Published: February 2025

The global need for energy has risen sharply recently. A global shift to clean energy is urgently needed to avoid catastrophic climate impacts. Hydrogen (H2) has emerged as a potential alternative energy source with near-net-zero emissions. In the African continent, for sustainable access to clean energy and the transition away from fossil fuels, this paper presents a new approach through which waste energy can produce green hydrogen from biomass. Bio-based hydrogen employing organic waste and biomass is recommended using biological (anaerobic digestion and fermentation) processes for scalable, cheaper, and low-carbon hydrogen. By reviewing all methods for producing green hydrogen, dark fermentation can be applied in developed and developing countries without putting pressure on natural resources such as freshwater and rare metals, the primary feedstocks used in producing green hydrogen by electrolysis. It can be expanded to produce medium- and long-term green hydrogen without relying heavily on energy sources or building expensive infrastructure. Implementing the dark fermentation process can support poor communities in producing green hydrogen as an energy source regardless of political and tribal conflicts, unlike other methods that require political stability. In addition, this approach does not require the approval of new legislation. Such processes can ensure the minimization of waste and greenhouse gases. To achieve cost reduction in hydrogen production by 2030, governments should develop a strategy to expand the use of dark fermentation reactors and utilize hot water from various industrial processes (waste energy recovery from hot wastewater).
Advances in Aquifer Systems Analysis: Flows, Interactions, Quality Status, and Remediation
Authors: Zanini Andrea , Celico Fulvio
Published: February 2025

The impact of human activities and climate change on water systems is becoming severe [...]
Development of a Block-Scale Spatial Flood Vulnerability Index—Case Study: Morelia, Mexico
Authors: Roblero-Escobar Claudia Ximena , Madrigal Jaime , Sánchez-Quispe Sonia Tatiana , Orantes-Avalos Julio César , García-Romero Liliana
Published: February 2025

The study of urban floods is increasingly crucial due to their growing frequency and impact on densely populated areas, often characterized by inadequate drainage and located in flood-prone zones. The consequences extend beyond physical damage, significantly affecting economies and livelihoods, necessitating substantial economic resources for recovery and infrastructure rebuilding. Urban planning now must integrate flood risk management, emphasizing not only infrastructural resilience but also comprehensive policies that address environmental and social vulnerabilities to better prepare and protect urban environments against future flood risks. This study addresses the critical issue of urban flood vulnerability through a focused analysis of Morelia, a city known for its susceptibility to flooding due to its geographical and hydrological characteristics and accelerated urban growth. Employing a multifaceted approach that integrates hydrological, socio-economic, and land use data within a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) framework, the research develops a Spatial Flood Vulnerability Index (SFVI). This index is meticulously applied at the urban block level, offering a precise mapping of flood risks across the city. By correlating the SFVI results with historical flood data, the study identifies the most vulnerable areas in Morelia, which are primarily impacted due to their proximity to water bodies, economic density, and infrastructural settings. The methodology not only highlights immediate flood risks but also aids in strategic urban planning to enhance resilience against future flooding events. This paper contributes a novel approach to flood risk assessment, providing a replicable model for similarly affected cities worldwide, aiming to balance structural measures with strategic planning tailored to local needs.
Maximizing Wind Turbine Power Generation Through Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Control for Optimal Efficiency and Performance
Authors: Aranizadeh Ali , Mirmozaffari Mirpouya , Khalatabadi Farahani Behnam
Published: February 2025

Wind power output fluctuations, driven by variable wind speeds, create significant challenges for grid stability and the efficient use of wind turbines, particularly in high-wind-penetration areas. This study proposes a combined approach utilizing an ultra-capacitor energy storage system and fuzzy-control-based pitch angle adjustment to address these challenges. The fuzzy control system dynamically responds to wind speed variations, optimizing energy capture while minimizing mechanical stress on turbine components, and the ultra-capacitor provides instantaneous buffering of power surpluses and deficits. Simulations conducted on a 50 kW DFIG wind turbine powering a 23 kW load demonstrated a substantial reduction in power fluctuations by a factor of 3.747, decreasing the power fluctuation reduction scale from 13.04% to 3.48%. These results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed system in improving the stability, reliability, and quality of wind energy, thereby advancing the broader adoption of renewable energy and contributing to sustainable energy solutions.
Features of Digital marketing of a hotel enterprise
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Ganzha A. I.
Published: February 2025

Today marketing strategies cannot do without the use of digital technologies, which
allow you to reach a wider audience and effectively interact with consumers. Digital technologies in
marketing include a wide range of tools, such as social networks, search engines, content marketing,
email newsletters, advertising platforms and others. The use of digital technologies in marketing allows
businesses to effectively conduct marketing campaigns, set up targeted advertising, analyze consumer
behavior and determine their preferences, which in turn increases the competitiveness and profitability
of the business. The article is devoted to the experience of using digital marketing.
Evaluation of occlusal contacts in antagonist teeth using traditional occlusiography with photographic documentation in patients with periodontitis and TMJ dysfunction during clinical dental appointments
Authors: Redinova T. L. , Redinov I. S. , Chikurova N. V. , Ugolnikov M. А. , Isupov M. V.
Published: February 2025

Relevance. Selective grinding is incorporated into the comprehensive treatment of periodontitis and TMJ (temporomandibular joint) dysfunction due to the presence of occlusal discrepancies, which can exacerbate or initiate these conditions. The evaluation of occlusal contacts, their distribution, and contact areas is crucial for diagnosing occlusal disturbances and selecting treatment approaches. Traditionally, occlusal contacts have been assessed using occlusograms obtained with articulating paper. However, the advent of digital technologies has made the interpretation of these parameters more challenging for practicing clinicians. This study aimed to evaluate occlusal contact parameters in patients with periodontitis and TMJ dysfunction (without pain symptoms) using traditional occlusiography with photographic documentation and articulating paper during clinical dental appointments.

Material and methods. The study included 68 patients aged 18 to 44 years, of whom 41 were divided into four groups: 11 patients without signs of periodontitis or TMJ dysfunction, 11 with TMJ dysfunction but no periodontal pathology, 8 with both periodontitis and TMJ dysfunction, and 11 with periodontitis but no TMJ dysfunction. Occlusal contacts and their surface areas were assessed using occlusiography with photographic documentation.

Results. The study revealed an increase in the number of occlusal contacts in cases of periodontitis and TMJ dysfunction. In patients with periodontitis and combined pathology (periodontitis and TMJ dysfunction), a significant rise in the frequency of pathological tooth wear was observed. The occlusal contact area varied significantly across all groups.

Conclusion. An analysis of the literature and the obtained data identified consistent trends in changes in the number and area of occlusal contacts associated with these clinical conditions. The "occlusal contact area" parameter exhibited considerable variability and warrants further research to establish reference values. No conclusive data supporting selective grinding in patients with periodontitis and TMJ dysfunction were obtained.
Técnicas de fiscalização anti-furtivas em áreas de conservação: caso do Parque Nacional de Chimanimani (PNC), Província de Manica, Moçambique
Authors: Magodo Zefanias Jone , Nguiraze Tome , Wilssone Adija Fernando
Published: February 2025

O desafio dos gestores das Áreas de Conservação em Moçambique é de travar as ações destrutivas nesses locais. Como intervenção, os gestores têm de forma ininterrupta realizado patrulhamentos com aplicação de técnicas e métodos anti-furtivos. Contudo, têm-se verificado que, apesar dos esforços na aplicação de tais técnicas, estas têm fracassado. A análise das técnicas de fiscalização anti-furtivas em Áreas de Conservação foi realizada no Parque Nacional de Chimanimani, com o intuito de verificar as reais razões que contribuíram para o fracasso na aplicação das técnicas anti-furtivas. Para se alcançar os objetivos foi usada a pesquisa bibliográfica feita em documentos pessoais de técnicos e especialistas, que trabalham na matéria de fiscalização de áreas de conservação. Fez-se também um trabalho de campo, no sentido de confrontar as teorias e a realidade, para tal, participou-se em algumas incursões de patrulhamento, onde se teve a oportunidade de interagir com os fiscais. Os resultados mostraram que a falta de recursos materiais como: equipamentos adequados, recursos humanos devidamente qualificados para a atividade, a idade avançada da maioria dos fiscais, a deficiente comunicação entre os fiscais e seus superiores; são as principais causas do fracasso na aplicação de técnicas anti-furtivas no Parque Nacional de Chimanimani. O estudo conclui que não existe uma principal razão da ineficácia das técnicas de fiscalização anti-furtivas no parque, sendo que as causas identificadas estão ligadas entre si onde uma influencia a outra, recomendando-se o envolvimento da comunidade local na fiscalização da área assim como a troca de experiências com outras áreas de conservação.
Análise do Aplicativo Parceir@s Parques Nacionais no Parque Nacional de São Joaquim (SC)
Authors: Anjos Lucas Batista dos , Figueredo Ana Luiza Castelo Branco , Omena Michel Tadeu Rodrigues Nolasco de
Published: February 2025

Avaliamos a utilização de um App (Parceir@s Parques Nacionais) para dispositivos móveis por usuários do Parque Nacional de São Joaquim, Santa Catarina, Brasil, a partir das seguintes questões: Como esses usuários podem contribuir com dados para a gestão? Qual é o seu nível de receptividade ao App? O App foi lançado na Google Play Store, e divulgado presencialmente e em diferentes plataformas de mídia social. Posteriormente, monitoramos e sistematizamos os dados recebidos. Entre novembro/22 e julho/23, foi constatado que 50 usuários concluíram o cadastro, com um total de 25 novos cadastros no App. A partir deste estudo, infere-se que a estratégia de utilizar um App para receber contribuições dos usuários sobre os parques é vantajosa, mas requer conscientização e divulgação contínuas do público.