bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breve reflexão sobre a aferição de temperatura em ambientes públicos para controle da COVID-19
Authors: Silva Lucilene Khalil Assis da , Santos Gabriel Teixeira Vilela , Santos Daniel Medina Corrêa , Oliveira Luã Cardoso de
Published: September 2022

A Covid-19 é uma doença causada pelo betacoronavírus SARS-CoV-2. O vírus é transmitido pelo contato interpessoal próximo, por meio de gotículas respiratórias. Dentre as medidas de prevenção contra contágio e disseminação da doença, é recomendado a higienização das mãos com água e sabão e/ou álcool em gel e o afastamento social, uso de máscaras de pano e a aferição da temperatura utilizando termômetro digital infravermelho para o controle de acesso nos ambientes públicos, a fim de impedir possíveis portadores sintomáticos do vírus. Temos por objetivo, refletir sobre a eficácia da aferição da temperatura em ambientes públicos utilizando termômetro digital com sensor de infravermelho. Baseado nos conhecimentos da fisiologia da temperatura corporal e processos febris, apresentados na literatura especializada, e na experiência da identificação de portadores utilizando o procedimento de aferição de temperatura descrito, é evidente a necessidade de uma elaboração de políticas públicas de combate à pandemia mais abrangente, que enfatize a necessidade do conjunto das medidas sanitárias. Aliado a isso, é necessário um programa de testagem contínuo e em massa, permitindo o mapeamento e a busca por auxílio e orientação médica especializada, bem como um programa de educação e conscientização da população para a necessidade de quarentena e isolamento social em casos suspeitos que apresentem sintomas de pirexia.
Prevalência e fatores associados à anemia ferropriva entre crianças no Brasil: revisão sistemática e metanálise
Authors: Paixão Camila Kelen Ferreira , Gomes Daiene Rosa , Oliveira Danila Soares de , Mattos Mússio Pirajá
Published: September 2022

Este artigo pretende sumarizar a prevalência e os fatores associados à anemia ferropriva em crianças brasileiras. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão sistemática e metanálise baseado nas normas do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, da Pubmed, da ScienceDirect, Scopus e da Scielo, utilizando três moduladores booleanos: “anemia ferropriva” AND “criança” AND “Brasil” e “Anemia, Iron-Deficiency” AND “Child” AND “Brazil”. A qualidade metodológica dos artigos selecionados foi analisada de acordo com a escala Effective Public Health Practice Project: Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Por fim, dos 6.697 estudos identificados, 112 foram selecionados para a síntese qualitativa e 61 submetidos à metanálise. A prevalência média estimada de anemia ferropriva foi de 27% (IC 95%: 27 – 28). Foi constatado que os meninos (1,09 IC 95% 1,04-1,14), as faixas etárias menores de 24 meses (3,71 IC 95% 3,50-3,92) e 36 meses (3,33 IC 95% 2,48-4,47), o baixo peso ao nascer (1,17 IC 95% 1,04-1,32) e a escolaridade dos pais menor que 4, 5 e 8 anos (1,32 IC 95% 1,09-1,59) foram os fatores de risco associados à anemia, enquanto o uso profilático do ferro reduziu em 14% o desfecho analisado. Portanto, o Brasil, de forma geral, necessita de medidas incisivas para a efetiva funcionalidade dos programas de combate à anemia, como é o caso do uso profilático do ferro, por meio da mobilização de três pilares essenciais: assistência profissional, educação familiar e adesão por parte dos cuidadores.
ZOONSOSES E MONITORAMENTO SENTINELA DA CINOMOSE COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE SAÚDE ÚNICA NO MUNICÍPIO DE PRESIDENTE FIGUEIREDO-AM
Authors: Batista Cristiane Rodrigues , Ribeiro Taiã Mairon Peixoto , Oliveira Tiago Mendonça de
Published: September 2022

Many pathogens can co-infect humans and animals. The present study aims to analyze the frequency of reported cases of zoonoses in humans and confirmed cases of canine distemper in the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo through the extraction of information from the Information System of Notifiable Diseases of the Ministry of Health (SINAN) and the epidemiological investigation reports of outbreaks produced by the health surveillance room of the Zoonosis Control Center of the Municipality of Presidente Figueiredo-AM in the period 2017-2020. In the state of Amazonas, in the analyzed period, there were reported cases of Rabies, Visceral Leishmaniasis, Tegumentary Leishmaniasis, Leptospirosis, Spotted Fever, Hantavirus, and Acute Chagas Disease. In the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, only the zoonoses of Tegumentary Leishmaniasis and Leptospirosis were reported, and an outbreak of distemper occurred in 2020, which affected 17 animals and exposed another 10 animals susceptible to infection. During the outbreak of disease with neurological signs in dogs in the municipality, the epidemiological surveillance technicians promoted an epidemiological investigation, clinical and laboratory analysis of the affected animals and concluded based on the data and results that it was an outbreak of Distemper. Therefore, there is an occurrence of the distemper virus in dogs in the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, and although neurological cases in dogs have not been detected as resulting from infection by the rabies virus, the constant surveillance and investigation work is highlighted as essential to ensure the one health in the municipality, in view of the differential diagnosis of rabies.
Expressões de reciprocidades em hortas urbanas familiares e comunitárias do sudoeste de Bogotá, Colômbia
Authors: Cruz Roa Michael , Denardin Valdir Frigo , Sulzbach Mayra Taiza
Published: September 2022

A reciprocidade, princípio econômico orientado à manutenção de vínculos sociais, é objetivo de investigação nesta pesquisa, a partir de agricultores(as) urbanos(as) de hortas familiares e comunitárias na periferia do sudoeste de Bogotá – Colômbia. A cidade tem vivido um processo de urbanização intensificado desde metade do século XX pela migração de agricultores e vítimas do conflito armado do país. Em Bogotá, a agricultura urbana (AU), expressa em hortas urbanas, vem estabelecendo vínculos sociais, observados por meio da metodologia da história oral. Em entrevistas com 20 participantes de seis hortas familiares e seis comunitárias, acompanhadas de observação participante, coletaram-se relatos sobre os cultivos e a reciprocidade, analisados por conteúdo na modalidade temática. Entre os achados destacam-se a ajuda mútua, a transmissão de saberes, a guarda de sementes, a repartição dos cultivos e a recuperação socioambiental de espaços urbanos como expressões de reciprocidade pela AU.
ESTUPROS DE GUERRA E A VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER EM “LA CIOCIARA” (VITTORIO DE SICA, 1960)
Authors: Vetis Zaganelli Margareth , Binda Filho Douglas Luis , Miguel Oliveira Mateus
Published: September 2022

“La Ciociara” (Vittorio De Sica, 1960) é uma produção neorrealista italiana que expõe as diversas dificuldades enfrentadas por uma mãe ao proteger sua filha dos perigos da guerra, entre os quais se destacam os estupros, potencializados nesses períodos conflituosos. A violação sexual cometida em tempos de guerra retratada na obra cinematográfica é utilizada como pano de fundo para o desenvolvimento do presente artigo, no qual se empregou o método qualitativo, por intermédio de revisão bibliográfica e documental, promovendo-se a análise contextual da obra e ressaltando os seus aspectos jurídicos e socioculturais, baseada na interseção entre direito e cinema, abordando-se as condições de visualidade e visibilidade. As inquietações narrativas da obra fílmica suscitam a problemática do alcance da legislação penal internacional para tutelar a dignidade das vítimas dos estupros de guerra em sua integralidade, para além de uma concepção de honra familiar. Objetiva-se conceituar e localizar as diversas formas de violência e violação sexuais contra as mulheres cometidas em épocas de guerra, ressaltando o seu estado da arte à luz das disposições do Direito Internacional Humanitário, bem como a condição feminina face as manifestações da dominação masculina hegemônica.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A INTERSECÇÃO ENTRE DIREITO, ÉTICA E TECNOLOGIA:
Authors: Dias Xavier Mário Sérgio , Ricciardi Sbizera José Alexandre
Published: September 2022

É inegável que o direito, a ética e o desenvolvimento tecnológico caminham de forma totalmente entrelaçada. Com o advento científico, novas tecnologias foram criadas, merecendo destaque especial a Inteligência Artificial, a qual busca otimizar as relações jurídicas, proporcionando aos profissionais de direito maior agilidade no tocante às tarefas consideradas maçantes, como a separação de jurisprudências que versem sobre o mesmo assunto, incidente de demandas repetitivas, revisão de contratos e petições. Não há como não pensar que, de fato, a intenção da inserção dessa nova inteligência nos Tribunais de Justiça é boa, visa também fazer uma comunicação direta entre o judiciário e a população, objetivando um maior acesso à justiça. Mas, dentro disso, apesar da evolução dessas inteligências ser irreversível, diversos profissionais ainda apresentam resistência à sua implementação, sob o argumento ora de que irão substituir o trabalho humano, ora alegando que essas tecnologias podem ser falhas e promover discriminação contra grupos vulneráveis, deixando-os ainda mais marginalizados. Dessa forma, no presente trabalho, através do método dedutivo, levantando-se bibliografias nacionais e internacionais disponíveis nas bases de Periódicos da CAPES, será feita uma análise acerca de quais são os limites entre a implementação dessas novas tecnologias e a eticidade; será discutido se o perfil do jurista tradicional ainda consegue alcançar o novo mercado e quais os impactos que as inteligências artificiais vêm provocando no judiciário, sem esquecer de mencionar a importância do acesso à justiça.
PODER SIMBÓLICO DO DISCURSO JURÍDICO:
Authors: Maciel de Oliveira Thaís , Bernardo Hahn Noli
Published: September 2022

Neste artigo, problematiza-se a construção gênero e a compreensão dos corpos no discurso jurídico. Questiona-se o poder simbólico do discurso jurídico por conceber uma abordagem redutora e coisificada do ser. Com efeito, a partir de uma abordagem complexo-paradoxal, problematiza-se a linguagem e sua simbologia como sistema simbólico de construção de sentido. Nesse sentido, primeiramente dialoga-se com o pensar gênero a partir de uma abordagem dialética-histórico-estrutural. Posteriormente, questiona-se a compreensão dos corpos em uma dimensão complexo-paradoxal. Dessa forma, ao final da reflexão, a redução e a significação nas jurisprudências frente a edificação de masculinidades tóxicas são tematizadas, como forma de trazer a teoria à prática em quentões de linguagem e construção cultural.
ENTREVISTA COM A PROFESSORA HILDETE PEREIRA DE MELO HERMES DE ARAÚJO
Authors: Pereira de Melo Hermes de Araújo Hildete , Silveira Andrade Shirley , Cunha Pinto Anna Carolina , Guimarães Cavalcante Dieric
Published: September 2022

Nesta edição, a Confluências: Revista Interdisciplinar em Sociologia e Direito apresenta entrevista inédita com a Professora Doutora Hildete Pereira de Melo Hermes de Araújo, realizada por videochamada em 15 de julho de 2022. A entrevistada é professora da Universidade Federal Fluminense desde 1973 e integra o Departamento de Economia, atuando junto ao seu Programa de Pós-Graduação. Considerada uma importante referência da economia feminista no Brasil, a professora se dedica, dentre outras áreas de estudo, à pesquisa sobre divisão sexual do trabalho, história econômica brasileira e economia de cuidados. Além de sua grande contribuição como pesquisadora e professora, Hildete Pereira de Melo também se destaca por sua militância política, destacadamente no movimento feminista, tendo atuado como gestora pública da Secretaria de Políticas para as Mulheres da Presidência da República nos períodos de 2009/2010 e de 2012/2014.

As perguntas foram elaboradas e direcionadas à Hildete por Shirley Andrade, professora da Universidade Federal de Sergipe e pós doutora em Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia e Direito da Universidade Federal Fluminense (PPGSD/UFF); por Anna Cunha Carolina Pinto, doutoranda e mestra em Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais pelo PPGSD/UFF; e por Dieric Guimarães Cavalcante, mestrando em Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais pelo PPGSD/UFF.
Oscar Wilde e a moral burguesa vitoriana institucionalizada:
Authors: Barbosa Resende Yuri
Published: September 2022

A partir da análise da moral vitoriana como uma instituição que conferia coesão e distinção à classe média e elite vitorianas, o presente artigo investiga em que medida o dramaturgo Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) rompeu com os padrões e normas desta moral a ponto de ser condenado pelo crime de “flagrante indecência” não apenas no âmbito legal, mas também pela sociedade como um todo. Argumentamos, a partir de noções dos teóricos Norbert Elias, Michel Foucault e Ari Adut, a favor da hipótese de que a conduta transgressora de Wilde só se tornou inaceitável dentro do jogo social no qual o escritor estava inserido a partir do momento em que ele superestimou sua posição de prestígio nas redes de interdependência da alta sociedade vitoriana ao decidir instaurar um processo judicial contra um aristocrata, o que resultou num catastrófico escândalo público e, por consequência, em sua morte social.
Estudo Sobre a Natureza e as Condicionantes do Financiamento de Startups no Distrito Federal
Authors: Da Cunha Facciolli Giuliana
Published: September 2022

O trabalho discute o entendimento comum de que startups viabilizariam suas promessas de solução tecnológica à sociedade ao captarem financiamento externo, principalmente sob a forma de capital de risco. Primeiro, fornece as origens históricas e desdobramentos recentes desse modelo empresarial, considerando a dinâmica intrínseca e recíproca entre acumulação financeira e inovações tecnológicas. Posteriormente, expõe os resultados centrais das entrevistas qualitativas com pequenas empresas do Distrito Federal, discutidas à luz da teoria marxista. Finalmente, conclui que o modelo de startups está menos atrelado à ideia de democratização de novas tecnologias, repousando a verdadeira inovação no seu formato organizacional e comercial que almeja largos ganhos privados de curto prazo mediante maior exploração da força de trabalho.
Apresentação do Dossiê de Sociologia Econômica
Authors: Lima Raphael Jonathas da Costa , Afonso Lucas do Amaral , Walmarath Lucas Lemos
Published: September 2022

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A figura viril do homem com H no YouTube brasileiro
Authors: Maciel Maria Fernanda
Published: September 2022

A partir de vídeos produzidos por canais masculinos no YouTube Brasil, o seguinte artigo pretende explorar e descrever as dinâmicas comportamentais de seus administradores. Isto, com o propósito de produzir uma reflexão relativa à construção da virilidade entre homens neste universo virtual. Utilizando-se da própria oratória dos youtubers e de sua linguagem corporal, o texto busca compreender as peculiaridades envolvidas nesse processo e a decorrência dos efeitos sociais deste tipo de conduta – tanto internamente, na “comunidade” masculina, quanto externamente, em relação as mulheres. Para tanto, a mobilização de autores como Pierre Bourdieu, Miguel Vale de Almeida, Sherry Ortner e entre outros; ampara a chave argumentativa da análise.
O que significa classificar?
Authors: Dias Hamdan Tarik
Published: September 2022

A resenha diz respeito a obra recém traduzida no Brasil chamada Sociologia Geral Vol 1: Luta de classificação. Curso no Collège de France (1981-1982). Nesta obra, Bourdieu aborda sua teoria sociológica como uma síntese entre as disputas entre autores objetivistas e subjetivistas. Conceitos como campo e habitus são desenvolvidos procurando apresentar uma nova teoria sociológica.
Transitividade, transhomem e testosterona
Authors: Nascimento de Carvalho Deivid
Published: September 2022

Resumo: Este artigo compõe uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre as transformações tecnológicas da travessia transmasculina, na construção da identidade e autobiografia de homens transgêneros na transitividade de seus corpos. Foi utilizado relatos autobiográficos de sujeitos transmasculinos, a literatura acadêmica e produção científica sobre os estudos de gênero e sexualidade para demarcar a importância de políticas públicas de saúde integral transespecífica, de modo a promover inclusão social e diminuição da vulnerabilidade a que estes indivíduos estão submetidos. Para tanto, o itinerário de acolhimento médico é um obstáculo a ser superado e, ao mesmo tempo, há um grande desejo de transformação imediata que os insere a uma travessia tecnológica de reinvenção de si. A reinvenção da identidade é, sobretudo, a transitividade do eu contra si mesmo.
Salinity-induced transcriptome profiles in marine and freshwater threespine stickleback after an abrupt six hour exposure
Authors: Taugbøl Annette , Solbakken Monica H. , Jakobsen Kjetill S. , Vøllestad Leif Asbjørn
Published: September 2022

Saltwater- and freshwater environments have opposing physiological
challenges, yet, there are fish species that are able to enter both
habitats during short time-spans, and as individuals they must therefore
adjust quickly to osmoregulatory contrasts. In this study, we conducted
an experiment to test for plastic responses to abrupt sainity changes in
two poplulations of threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus,
representing two ecotypes (freshwater and ancestral saltwater). We
exposed both ecotypes to abrupt native (control treatment) and
non-native salinities (0 and 30‰) and sampled gill-tissue for
transcriptomic analyses after six hours exposure. To investigate genomic
responses to salinity, we analysed four different comparisons; one for
each ecotype (in their control and exposure salinity; 1 and 2), one
between ecotypes in their control salinity (3), and the fourth
comparison included all transcripts identified in (3) that did not show
any expressional changes within ecotype in either the control or the
exposed salinity (4). Abrupt salinity transfer affected the expression
of 10 and 1530 transcripts for the saltwater and freshwater ecotype,
respectively, and 1314 were differentially expressed between the
controls, including 502 that were not affected by salinity within
ecotype (fixed expression). In total, these results indicate that
factors other than genomic expressional plasticity are important for
osmoregulation in stickleback, due to the need for opposite
physiological pathways to survive the abrupt change in salinity.
Behavioural adaption of Scaly-sided Merganser (Mergus squamatus) to habitats with different water depth: different activity profile but the same foraging energetics
Authors: Liu Peizhong , Liu Meihan , Xiao Dongyang , He Ying , Fan Rong , Lv Cai , Wen Li , Qing Zeng , Lei Guangchun
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Throughout evolutionary history, animals are finely tuned to
adjust their behaviors corresponding to environmental variations.
Behavioral flexibility represents an important component of a species’
adaptive capacity in the face of rapid anthropogenetic environmental
change, and knowledge of animal behaviours is increasingly recognized in
conservation biology. In aquatic ecosystem, variation of water depth is
a key factor affecting the availability of food, thus the foraging
behaviours of many waterbirds, especially piscivores. In this study, we
compared the foraging behaviours of Scaly-sided Merganser (Mergus
squamatus), an endangered migratory diving duck endemic to east Asia, in
habitats with different water depth, using video camera records obtained
from the known wintering sites during three winters from 2018-2020.
Further, the energy expenditure of foraging behavior profile and energy
intake based on fish sizes were calculated to study the foraging
energetics. In total, 200 effective video footages that contained 1,086
minutes with 17,995 behaviours and 163 events of catching fish were
recorded. Results showed that 1) time length for fishing (including
eye-submerging, head-dipping, diving and food handling) of Mergus
squamatus in shallow waters was significantly more than in deep waters;
2) Mergus squamatus spent significantly more time for preparing
(including vigilance, preening and swimming) in deep waters than in
shallow waters; 3) the mean catch rate was 0.28 fish/minute in shallow
waters, which is significantly higher than the value of 0.13 fish/minute
in deep waters; 4) despite the distinct foraging behaviour profiles and
energy intakes, Mergus squamatus showed similar energetics in shallow
and deep waters. We concluded that Mergus squamatus is a good example of
behavioural flexibility that aligns with expectations of optimum
foraging theory, in that it behaves in accordance to resource
availability in different environments, resulting in high foraging
efficiency. The behavioural flexibility can be related to its evolution
history.
Antenatal corticosteroid prophylaxis at late preterm gestation: Clinical guidelines vs clinical practice
Authors: Razaz Neda , Allen Victoria , Fahey John , Joseph K S
Published: September 2022

Objective: To investigate whether the Antenatal Late Preterm Steroids
(ALPS) trial, has been translated into clinical practice in Canada and
the United States. Temporal trends in optimal and suboptimal antenatal
corticosteroid (ACS) use among late preterm deliveries were also
assessed. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: USA and Canada,
2007 to 2020. Population: All live births in the US (n= 32,476,039) and
Nova Scotia, Canada (n= 116,575). Methods and Main outcome measured:
Using data from the Natality database and the Nova Scotia Atlee
Perinatal Database, ACS administration within specific categories of
gestational age was assessed by calculating rates per 100 live births.
Temporal trends in optimal, and suboptimal ACS use were also assessed.
Results: In Nova Scotia, the rate of any ACS administration increased
significantly among women delivering at 35-36 weeks, from 15.2% in
2007-2016 to 19.6% in 2017-2020 (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.14, 1.62). In the
U.S., among live births at 35-36 weeks’ gestation, any ACS use increased
from 4.1% in 2007–2016 to 18.5% in 2017–2020 (OR 5.33, 95% CI
5.28–5.38). Among infants between 24 and 34 weeks’ gestation in Nova
Scotia, 32% received optimally timed ACS, while 47% received ACS with
suboptimal timing. Of the women who received ACS in 2020, 34% in Canada
and 20% in the United States delivered at ≥37 weeks. Conclusion:
Publication of the ALPS trial resulted in increased ACS administration
at late preterm gestation in Nova Scotia, Canada and the U.S.. However,
a significant fraction of women receiving ACS prophylaxis delivered at
term gestation.
Elevated nuchal translucency, is it time to discuss the cut off?. A retrospective study
Authors: Pasquini Lucia , Ponziani Ilaria , Spataro Elisa , Masini Giulia , Biancareddu Eleonora , Cordisco Adalgisa , Petraglia Felice
Published: September 2022

Objectives To evaluate pregnancy and postnatal outcomes of fetuses with
NT between 95th and 99th percentile and whether they could benefit from
further investigations rather that routine scans. Design Retrospective
multicenter observational study. Setting Two Italian Fetal Medicine
centre Population All cases with NT between 95th and 99th percentile
(667) among women undergoing NT measurement between January 2015 and
December 2020. Methods Unfavourable outcome was considered as:
miscarriage or intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), chromosomal
abnormality/genetic syndrome, major malformation or neurodevelopmental
delay. Study population outcomes were compared with general population.
Main Outcome Measures Unfavourable pregnancy and postnatal outcomes.
Results The rate of unfavourable outcome was 25.44%. We reported: 6
(0.90%) second trimester miscarriage or IUFD, 90 (13.49%) chromosomal
abnormalities/genetic syndromes, 57 (8.55%) major malformations, 13
(1.95%) cases of neurodevelopmental delay. The incidence of chromosomal
abnormalities/genetic syndromes and major malformations were
significantly higher (OR 6.99 (IC 95% 4.33 - 11.28), p<0.001
and OR 17.77 (IC 95%7.22 - 43.75), p<0.001 respectively)
compared to the general population. The incidence of neurodevelopmental
delay was not increased (OR of 0.64 CI 95% 0.33 - 1.24 p=0.185).
Conclusions Fetuses with NT between 95th and 99th percentile have an
increased risk of pregnancy and postnatal adverse outcomes. According to
our data it is reasonable to consider a lower NT cut off
(NT>95th percentile) for offering further investigations
such as detailed ultrasound scan, fetal echocardiography and counselling
where the option of performing fetal karyotype and CGH array should be
discussed. Funding The authors have no funding to declare.
IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis, a mimicker of the cholangiocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Gyawali Siddinath , Pokhrel Biraj , Gnawali Arun , Uprety Pratik
Published: September 2022

An 83-year-old-male presented with obstructive jaundice, whose imaging
was consistent with the cholangiocarcinoma of the distal common bile
duct. The tumor markers were within normal limits. IgG4 level was
raised, therefore, IgG4-sclerosing cholangitis was made as the
provisional diagnosis. Steroid therapy was started to which he responded
well.
Helical Structure of the Ventricular Myocardium. A Narrative Review of Cardiac Mechanics.
Authors: Antúnez-Montes Omar Yassef , J Mladen Kocica , Olavarria Alberto Sosa , Corno Antonio Francesco , Millan Rocio Aceves , Rosales Carlos Ixcamparij , Aparicio¹. Hector Eduardo Sanchez
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The concept of ventricular anatomy as a single
muscular band was initially described by Francisco Torrent-Guasp in 1972
and since then, there have been multiple novel
contributions to the understanding of the morphology and function of the
heart. To date, this concept has been supported and denied by multiple
groups of professionals reflecting both the enthusiasm and resistance to
the new concept of the single muscle band model. Currently, the single
muscular band is the model that meets all the requirements to explain
the performance of cardiac mechanics, and its distinctive feature to
determine the characteristics of the structure.
STEROID INDUCED INFLAMMATORY PAPILLARY HYPERPLASIA? -- A NEW ENTITY IN A NON-DENTURE WEARING PATIENT
Authors: Gupta Abhishek , Lamichhane RAM , REDHU ANJU
Published: September 2022

Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (IPH) is a benign lesion of the
palatal mucosa, usually found in denture wearers. This case history
report describes an example of the dentate patients with no history of
wearing maxillary prostheses and highlights the importance of
professional awareness to diagnose IPH among non-denture-wearing
patients.
Correlation with a limited set of behavioral niches explains the convergence of somatic morphology in mygalomorph spiders
Authors: Wilson Jeremy , Bond Jason , Harvey Mark , Ramirez Martin , Rix Michael
Published: September 2022

Understanding the drivers of morphological convergence requires
investigation into its relationship with behavior and niche-space, and
such investigations in turn provide insights into evolutionary dynamics,
functional morphology, and life history. Mygalomorph spiders (trapdoor
spiders and their kin) have long been associated with high levels of
homoplasy, and many convergent features can be intuitively associated
with different behavioral niches. Using genus-level phylogenies based on
recent genomic studies and a newly assembled matrix of discrete
behavioral and somatic morphological characters, we reconstruct the
evolution of burrowing behavior in the Mygalomorphae, compare the
influence of behavior and evolutionary history on somatic morphology,
and test hypotheses of correlated evolution between specific
morphological features and behavior. Our results reveal the simplicity
of the mygalomorph adaptive landscape, with opportunistic, web-building
taxa at one end, and burrowing/nesting taxa with structurally-modified
burrow entrances (e.g., a trapdoor) at the other. Shifts in behavioral
niche, in both directions, are common across the evolutionary history of
the Mygalomorphae, and several major clades include taxa inhabiting both
behavioral extremes. Somatic morphology is heavily influenced by
behavior, with taxa inhabiting the same behavioral niche often more
similar morphologically than more closely-related but
behaviorally-divergent taxa, and we were able to identify a suite of 11
somatic features that show significant correlation with particular
behaviors. We discuss these findings in light of the function of
particular morphological features, niche dynamics within the
Mygalomorphae, and constraints on the mygalomorph adaptive landscape
relative to other spiders.
Medical Costs Associated With Diabetes Complications in Medicare Beneficiaries Aged 65 Years or Older With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Ping , Shao Hui , Andes Linda J. , Imperatore Giuseppina
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

To estimate medical costs associated with 17 major diabetes-related complications and treatment procedures among Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Claims data from 100% of Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in fee-for-service plans from 2006 to 2017 were analyzed. Records with type 2 diabetes and complications were identified using ICD-9, ICD-10, and diagnosis-related group codes. The index year was the year when a person was first identified as having diabetes with an inpatient claim or an outpatient claim plus another inpatient/outpatient claim in the 2 years following the first claim in Medicare. Included individuals were followed from index years until death, discontinuation of plan coverage, or 31 December 2017. Fixed-effects regression was used to estimate the cost in years when the complication event occurred and in subsequent years. The total cost for each complication was calculated for 2017 by multiplying the complication prevalence by the cost estimate. All costs were standardized to 2017 U.S. dollars.

RESULTS

Our study included 10,982,900 beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 10 years. The three costliest complications were kidney failure treated by transplant (occurring year $79,045, subsequent years $17,303), kidney failure treated by dialysis ($54,394, $38,670), and lower-extremity amputation ($38,982, $8,084). Congestive heart failure accounted for the largest share (18%) of total complication costs.

CONCLUSIONS

Costs associated with diabetes complications were substantial. Our cost estimates provide essential information needed for conducting economic evaluation of treatment and programs to prevent and delay diabetes complications in Medicare beneficiaries.
Design and Control of A Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter
Authors: EREL Mehmet Zahid
Published: September 2022

The energy demand has been increasing over the last decade. With the integration of renewable energy sources, grid-connected inverters play a key role in a power system. The main objective of the paper is to discuss a grid-connected inverter with single-phase structure in particular. The design and working principle of a basic grid-connected inverter are presented together with the cycle-by-cycle average (CCA) model. The LCL filter design is also introduced to decrease the current harmonics. To attain unity power factor operation, the closed loop control is essential for the grid-connected inverters. For this reason, a current controller in dq-frame is performed by utilizing MATLAB/Simulink environment. The results indicate that the suggested current controller presents good performance during the variations. This study is anticipated to draw the attention of grid-connected inverter designers and serve as a reference for them.
A Designer’s Perspective on Ankylosing Spondylitis and its Impact on Quality of Life
Authors: Singh Ravindra
Published: September 2022

The onset of symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) generally occurs between 20-40 years of age, which is the most active stage of any professional. The onset of symptoms beyond the age of 50 is less than 4%, so the target population is relatively younger than most of the chronic cases. For some, the condition might not have any implication at all but for a majority, it compromises the quality of life. With limited to no cure, non-pharmacological interventions are one of the predominant treatment methods for AS. The paper explores the human factors involved in the long-term management of AS and provides ergonomic recommendations for minimizing the impact of AS on the patient and society. Probing into ideal working conditions for a general population suffering from AS. The workplace management and design specifically for an AS patient is the sought goal of the research.
Neural networks for cost estimating in project management
Authors:   , Sandhaus Gregor
Published: September 2022

This thesis considers the application of neural networks in cost estimating in project management and whether they lead to more accurate estimates. It strikes two areas of research, namely neural networks and project management; an introductory chapter on both subjects is included. The statistical problem of parametric cost estimating is described and an explanation of the general principles is given. The Multi-Layer Perceptron with the Backpropagation learning algorithm is determined to be the most appropriate network and a selection of available software programs is reviewed. A Multi-Layer Perceptron neural model is used to determine one of the most important cost estimating relationships of the PRICE model. A comparison of the outputs of the neural network and the PRICE model shows that the Backpropagation algorithm is able to find the underlying estimating relationships used by PRJCE. To investigate whether other underlying functions can be found with artificial intelligence methods, other input parameters are selected and the costs generated by the PRICE model and by the neural network are compared with each other. Further experiments were undertaken in order to improve the performance of the neural network. The neural networks were applied to real data. and their output compared with the PRICE model. The processes of achieving better results are analogous to those used for the artificial data. A neural network was created which performs better than the PRICE model in terms of the accuracy of the estimates produced. The results are discussed and the collection of significant and accurate information and then deciding on which type of network is the best network to be used are identified as the major problems in the application of artificial intelligence for cost estimation in project management. The limitations and restrictions of the implementation of neural networks are examined and the scope and topics of further research are suggested.
Design of Fast and Zero Voltage Switching Of Interleaved Flyback Converter with H6 Type Inverter for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Arumozhiyal D. , Saravanakumar S.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, a design of interleaved flyback converter with H6 inverter topology is proposed. Flyback converter is one among the DC-DC converter with high frequency which is used or low power applications. Because of high frequency operation switching losses and stresses are more. To reduce stresses and losses across the switch of interleaved flyback converter is proposed. In the grid tied inverter system leakage current is one of the disadvantages and to avoid this H6 type inverter is used.With this advantage of H6 inverter andflyback converter this paper is mainly focused on stresses across switches and eliminating leakage current, harmonic reduction. Further the fast switching is proposed within converter in order to deliver maximum power transfer delivered to load through grid. To validate the overall performance the proposed converter modeled in MATLAN-SIMULINK and prototype developed using DSP DSP TMS320F28377S and connected to grid connected load.
A Study on the Evaluation of Government Work and the Evaluation of Local Public Enterprises
Authors:   The Korean Association for Local Public Enterprises, Yeo Young Hyun , Kim Sun Ja
Published: September 2022

Korea is excessively and extensively evaluated, and the effectiveness of the public sector is lower than that of foreign countries compared to the level of formalization. In addition, as performance evaluation is perceived as a control means, evaluation results are not properly utilized. In particular, local public enterprises should reflect regional characteristics as they perform the function of local decentralization, autonomy and breakwater from changes in government. There is a problem with the evaluation method, which is not only an evaluation for local residents, but also an evaluation by local residents, that is, in terms of regional decentralization, the evaluation method that is becoming a means of achieving the purpose according to the government without evaluation flexibility and autonomy, and without reflecting regional characteristics. In order to solve this problem, local public enterprises need not only management for local residents but also incorporation of methods managed and evaluated by local residents First, public enterprises are not private enterprises, and the 'voluntary clearance of differences' of public enterprises that only consider efficiency like private enterprises is not management innovation for local public enterprises. The management method and performance evaluation of local public enterprises should essentially be changed to a stakeholder model by local residents. Second, in the case of local public enterprises, the process (P·D·S) model, planning, execution, and performance were decided as evaluations of a year, and the public interest index was added according to the policy necessity of the higher authorities, so that the pareto optimum of public interest and profitability suitable for the local or institutional measurement was not achieved. It should be changed to a content evaluation model, so that it can evaluate public interest and become easy to introduce a scientific method that determines effectiveness according to policy compliance. In particular, the proportion of public interest and profitability can be presented and reflected in the evaluation depending on the purpose of the institution's establishment. Third, the lack of meta-evaluation and evaluation of the efficiency and effectiveness of the proper systematic evaluation model after evaluation in the public sector is the result of the horizontal comparative evaluation according to the short-term goal of Korea's annual performance evaluation. The validity of the purpose of the evaluation of local public enterprises, the suitability of the evaluation model, methods or indicators, and the effectiveness of the evaluation needs to be verified.
Are Wastewater Utilities in Korea Financially Sustainable?
Authors:   The Korean Association for Local Public Enterprises, Cho Im Gon
Published: September 2022

As local governments' finances become poor, questions are being raised about the sustainability of the sewage business since Korea's sewage rates are very low. Due to the short-term characteristics of public officials and the short-term characteristics of elected officials whose desire to achieve their election-related commitments, there is a high possibility that local governments will not be able to invest a lot of resources for preemptive response and maintenance of sewage projects based on systematic and rational long-term plans.
This study applies the Altman Z-Score, which can identify the signs of bankruptcy of private companies, and examines the trend of the sewage business where the deficit accumulates because of low rates and the amount of general account support is increasing. It was revealed that the realization of sewage rates to cost is important in that the increase in sewage rate revenue can significantly increase the Altman Z-Score Next, this study shows that voluntary efforts, financial support, and rate realization to cost have important influences on the Altman Z-Score.
Finally, the total cost function, average cost function, and marginal cost function were estimated using the annual treatment amount and the population of the sewage treatment area as independent variables. This study insists that high-level (or provincial level) local governments should take the long-term responsibility of the sewerage business in order to allocate adequate resources for preemptive response and maintenance of sewage projects based on systematic and rational long-term plans.
A Study on the Effect Analysis of the Debt Reduction Policy of Local Public Enterprises
Authors:   The Korean Association for Local Public Enterprises, Ji Suho , Kim Sun Hyoung
Published: September 2022

In the era of local decentralization, the role of local public enterprises will be emphasized more than ever. Through local public enterprises, local governments can respond quickly to various preferences of local residents and supply public services suitable for their conditions. It is however necessary to increase the efficiency of local public enterprises and maintain their financial healthy because it could become a potential risk to local finances. This study therefore aims to examine the cause of the increase in local public enterprises' debt through discussions on the decentralization and analyzes the performance of policy conducted by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety to reduce debt of local public enterprises in 2014. To this end, this study conduct the differnece-in-difference method. As a result, the fiscal soundness and productivity of those which supervised by central government are improved compared to those which do not. Through these findings, this study emphasizes that in future discussions on decentralization, it is necessary to discuss accountability for local public services and finances as well as the transfer of authority and functions of central government to local governments.
Effects of Decoupling between Strategy, Execution and Culture of Public Institutions on Management Performance: An Additional Analysis of the Modulating Effect of Innovation Culture, Focusing on the Management Performance Evaluation System of Public Enterprises and quasi-governmental Organizations
Authors:   The Korean Association for Local Public Enterprises, Jung MyungJae
Published: September 2022

The public sector is under institutional pressure to simultaneously demand market principles such as economy and efficiency required by the private sector due to the spread of the New Public Management (NPM) paradigm along with traditional values-oriented ideology such as accountability and accountability. In this study, decoupling that appears in this management performance evaluation system was interpreted based on the new institutional theory and structural situation theory. In addition, an analysis was attempted on the effect of decoupling on management performance. In this study, the dependent variable, management performance, was measured as a management evaluation grade. In addition, decoupling between independent variables, strategy, execution, and culture, was measured through management evaluation indicators. Specifically, the strategic system was set as a 'strategic planning' indicator, the implementation system was set as a sum of 'organization, personnel, general remuneration, and welfare' indicators, and the cultural system was measured through differences. All analyses were conducted through panel regression analysis.
As a result of the analysis, it was found that decoupling between the strategy and implementation system had a negative (-) correlation with management performance. In the end, it was confirmed that the decoupling between the strategy and implementation system of public institutions was close to a negative phenomenon that had to be resolved. In addition, this study analyzed the moderating effects of strategy-execution decoupling and management performance by separating the innovation set as a cultural system. As a result, it was found that organizational innovation further strengthens the negative (-) correlation of decoupling on management performance, unlike the positive (+) effect of innovation on management performance.
Using Online Tools to Develop Higher Order Learning Among Tertiary Students
Authors: Page Angela
Published: September 2022

It is widely recognised that the development of higher order thinking skills is a fundamental goal of higher education. There are a variety of online tools that assist the development of student higher order thinking. In this paper, a process of scaffolding for the writing of higher-order questions enabled through peer learning activities is explored. Data collected over two years across five cohorts shows that there was an overall statistically significant improvement in the number of higher-order questions produced by students at the end of each unit. The findings reveal a viable peer teaching tool that can easily be embedded into existing programmes to develop the necessary critical thinking skills for higher education students.
Advising Sleep Deprived Students to Take Online Classes
Authors: Fendler Richard J , Ruff Craig
Published: September 2022

Surveys indicate that nearly three-fourths of all college students do not get an adequate amount of sleep on most nights and over half report daytime sleepiness. Sleep deficiency impairs cognitive function, diminishes academic performance, and impedes learning. Asynchronous online education, which provides flexibility to participate in learning exercises and complete assignments at a time and pace that better matches a student’s sleep schedule, may offer a solution to this problem. In this study, we examine the impact of reported sleep deprivation on learning outcomes for a group of students who took an asynchronous online class versus a similar group of students who took the same class in a face-to-face (F2F) setting (N = 399). Our results indicate that whereas sleep deprivation, all other factors held constant, significantly negatively affects learning for F2F students, no such influence is observed for online learners. Student counselors and school administrators should therefore consider advising sleep-deprived students to take more online classes to enhance student learning outcomes, which in turn may improve student retention and degree completion.
Faculty Perceptions of Online Education and Technology Use Over Time: A Secondary Analysis of the Annual Survey of Faculty Attitudes on Technology from 2013 to 2019
Authors: Johnson Nicole , Veletsianos George , Reitzik Olga , VanLeeuwen Charlene
Published: September 2022

Research on faculty use of technology and online education tends to be cross-sectional, focusing on a snapshot in time. Through a secondary analysis of the annual Survey of Faculty Attitudes on Technology conducted by Inside Higher Ed each year from 2013 through 2019, this study investigated changes in faculty attitudes toward technology and online education over time. Specifically, the study examined and synthesized the findings from surveys related to attitudes toward online education, faculty experiences with online learning, institutional support of faculty in online learning, and faculty use of technology. Results showed a low magnitude of change over time in some areas (e.g., proportion of faculty integrating active learning strategies when converting an in-person course to a hybrid/blended course) and a large magnitude of change in other areas (e.g., proportion of faculty who believe that online courses can achieve the same learning outcomes as in-person courses). These results reveal that, prior to the widespread shift to remote and online learning that occurred in 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic, faculty perceptions of technology and online learning were static in some areas and dynamic in others. This research contextualizes perceptions towards online learning prior to the pandemic and highlights a need for longitudinal studies on faculty attitudes toward technology use going forward to identify factors influencing change and sources of ongoing tension.