bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religiosity and its relationship with Smoking Cessation: A Systematic Review.
Authors: Azmi Junainah , Munirah Sharifah , Nurumal Mohd Said , Hani Hanida
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study aims to systematically review the literature regarding the relationship between religiosity and smoking behaviour. Methods: Four electronic databases were used to identify the literatures including Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest and PubMed. The search was limited to full text articles and in English or Malay only. Articles on smoking prevention and other nicotine delivering devices such as vape or electronic cigarette were excluded from the study. Results: Initially, 10,154 articles were retrieved and 12 met the inclusion criteria. Out of the 12 studies, five studies revealed a significant relationship between religious activities and cessation while the others showed inverse associations between religiosity and smoking. Conclusion: Religiosity played an important role in influencing smoking behaviour, making it an important vehicle to complement other existing tobacco control efforts. Limited studies were focusing on the Islamic religion despite the growing number of Muslim populations worldwide. Thus, further research on the integration of Islamic religion in smoking cessation program is highly recommended especially in a Muslim country like Malaysia.
Endoscopic Management of Branchial Fistula: Diagnostic and Therapeutic.
Authors: Paul Mark , Goh Bee See
Published: September 2021

Recurrent neck abscess is a typical feature of branchial anomaly. Open surgical excision has been the primary treatment modality for past decades however several alternative treatment modalities such as endoscopic electrocauterization has recently gained popularity and acceptance universally. This series aims to introduce endoscopic assessment as the first line diagnostic and therapeutic management for branchial fistula.

5 patients underwent examination under general anesthesia via direct laryngoscopy, endoscopic assessment and cauterization in our centre from 2016 to 2019. They were then followed up at our clinic to assess disease progression.

Comparison between open neck surgery and endoscopic cauterization of internal sinus tract opening as the primary treatment has reported similar recurrence rate.

Proposal of endoscopic assessment as the first line investigation and diagnostic tool  with the aim of therapeutic cauterization at the same setting. MRI may be needed in scenarios such as failed endoscopic treatment or when open surgery is required.
Insight of Mechanism and Signaling Pathway in Pathogenesis of Diabetic Neuropathy: A Review
Authors: Ab Hamid Norhamidar , Omar Norsuhana , Ismail Che Aishah Nazariah , Long Idris
Published: September 2021

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common chronic microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. The features of DN include allodynia, hyperalgesia, abnormal or loss of sensation of nerve fibers. The clinical features will contribute to poor quality of life, disrupt sleep, lead to depression, and increases mortality. Current drug treatments have been shown to alleviate the symptoms of DN but failed to treat the underlying causes of DN. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of DN is needed for early diagnosis and intervention and understanding the failure of existing treatments. Identification of potential mechanisms is critical for better prediction of progression and for designing preventive therapies. DN's exact pathogenesis is incomplete, although it is understood that its multifunctional dysfunction involving many signaling pathways. This review summarized the common deterioration of signaling pathways and mechanisms involved in DN pathogenesis.
Physiological and Pharmacological Studies on Cervical Motor Neurons in Slices Prepared from Neonatal and Aged Mice
Authors: Carpenter David O. , Hori N , Xu Z , Akaike N , Tan Y , Carpenter David O.
Published: September 2021

The effects of age on the physiological properties of cervical motor neurons were examined in slices made from an excised spinal cord graft of ICR mice from the second day after birth to age 350 days. The membrane potential of post-natal day 2 (PD2) to PD350 was about -65 mV and did not change greatly with age, although it was slightly higher at PD2. However, there were significant changes in membrane resistance, which increased with age from about 15 to 30 MΩ. The depolarization induced by the excitatory amino acid agonists, kainic acid, NMDA and AMPA, decreased with aging in spite of the increase in membrane resistance. The motor neurons of the aged mice showed delayed recovery from excitation caused by excitatory amino acid agonists. By injecting Lucifer yellow CH into motor neurons, it was observed that the dendrite trees become thin, and some of the dendrite branches were missing in older animals.
A perspective of extremity vascular trauma epidemiology and its management in a resource limited set up
Authors:   Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Gebregiorgis Dawit , Nega Berhanu ,   Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Seyoum Nebyou ,   Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Published: September 2021

Background: Extremity vascular injuries are one of the major causes of limb loss and potentially preventable deaths after trauma. Although it is a major challenge, especially in countries with a less established trauma center, early diagnosis, and intervention are important for a better outcome. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology, management strategies, and outcomes of extremity vascular trauma in the Ethiopian setting. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among all extremity vascular trauma patients who were admitted and treated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) Between June 2015 and May 2020. Result: A total of 85 patients with extremity vascular trauma, predominantly male (90.6%), were included in the study. The mean age was 27 ± 9 years. Penetrating trauma caused 89.4% of extremity vascular injuries. The majority of the injuries are caused by stab/sharp (40%), bullet (29.4%) and road traffic accidents (17.7%). The brachial artery was the commonest vessel injured accounting for 36.5% followed by femoral artery injury of (22.4%). The commonest types of vascular injuries were complete transection (74.1%), laceration (15.3%), and partial transection (8.2%). The most commonly used method of vascular reconstruction was reverse interposition venous graft accounting for 45.9%. Other methods were ligation & hemostasis (20%), primary repair with End-to-End Anastomosis (17.7%), primary simple repair (15.3%), and venous patch (1.2%). A limb salvage rate of 91.8% was achieved despite a 67.1% of late presentation (>6 hours). Conclusion: Vascular injuries are mainly due to violence and road traffic accidents. Limb loss and mortality due to this injury can be mitigated by improving health policies, implementing emergency ambulatory systems, and provision of vascular services with better training centers.
Ler imagens, ver a cidade: a fotografia e a questão da narratividade urbana
Authors: Abreu Elane
Published: September 2021

A fotografia, ao criar visões para ascidades, problematiza a sua narratividadee a dos espaços urbanos. Este textotem o objetivo de compreender comoalguns trabalhos fotográficos narram oufraturam a narrativa urbana em distintasproposições estéticas, destacandocomo exemplos os fotolivros de Brassaï,Weegee, Daido Moriyama e Miguel RioBranco. A hipótese é de que os fotógrafoscontemporâneos assumem uma posturavisual fraturada ante os mundos urbanos,desvinculando-se da leitura de umacidade cênica e icônica.
Impact of COVID Pandemic on Cancer Care: Cross-sectional Scenario of an Indian State (Bihar)
Authors: Mandal Avik , Singh Pritanjali , Singh Dharmendra , Verma Manika , Rakesh Amrita
Published: September 2021

Introduction: World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak as pandemic on March 11th 2019. Since then, it has massive impact on public health and economy. Various measures including lock-down, social distancing and massive vaccination drive are implemented globally to curb the spread of the pandemic. Objective: The study is conducted to analyse the demography and census of the patients attending department of radiotherapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna during the first wave hit of COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 to assess the impact of this pandemic on cancer care. Methods and materials: Census data was retrieved digitally from 1st January 2019 to 15th June 2019 from Hospital Information system. We analyzed the visit of cancer patients to the day care chemotherapy unit, out patient department, and hospital admission and compared the data between pre-lockdown and post-lockdown periods. Results: A total of 1175 patients with malignancy visited department of radiotherapy from 1st January to 23rd March 2019. After the lock down announcement of nationwide lock down the total number of patient visiting to radiotherapy department dropped to 445 patients. This decrease is not significantly correlating with age group of patients (age < 18 years, 18-70 years and >70 years). Between 24th March and 15th June,123 patients were screened for SARS-CoV-2 patients before hospital admissions, three of them found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were shifted to COVID ward. Distance of the affected district from the care giving hospital has massive impact on cancer care due to restricted logistic. Conclusion: The cancer care in COVID pandemic is highly dependent on the judicious discretion of the oncologists to maintain the balance between added risk of COVID infection and benefit of treatment modalities. With massive vaccination drive, and effective implementation of lock down of the containment zones, the spread of the pandemic has to be restricted further, with the continuation of ‘new normal’ activities.
A Practical Approach for Residency Programs to Revive Graduate Medical Education during the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Battle Proven Concept
Authors: Al-Saiegh Yousif
Published: September 2021

The Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic impacted the educational environment of Internal Medicine residency programs tremendously, shifting the focus from continued medical education to being the first line of defense while taking care of patients with COVID-19. Our article discusses an approach to reestablish medical education in the midst of a pandemic.
An Obstructive Prostatic Urethral Calculus in a Patient with Urethral Strictures: A Case Report
Authors: MB Sule , AMB Shamaki , AU Umar , IH Gele , BS Yakubu , MM Ribah , AZ Aliyu
Published: September 2021

Urinary calculi are the third most common affliction of the urinary tract only exceeded by urinary tract infections and pathologies of the prostate gland. Urinary tract calculi contribute to a major concern encountered in the practice of urology, it affects about 10-12% of the population with a variable incidence with respect to sex, age, occupation, geographical area, climate, dietary fluid intake, social class and race. Urethral calculus is always found on the site of prostatic urethra, bulbar and fossa navicularis. Primary urethral calculi are usually associated with urethral strictures, posterior urethral valve and a diverticulum. Urethral calculi represent 1-2% of all calculi in the urinary tract. This is a case of a 32-year-old farmer and fisherman who had a retrograde urethrocystography (RUCG) that showed an obstructive prostatic calculus, bladder wall calcification and thickening with contrast refluxing into the seminal vesicles bilaterally.
Scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) from the canopies of ash trees in Norway, with six new species
Authors:   Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, U.K., DISNEY R. Henry L.
Published: September 2021

Phoridae obtained from canopies of ash trees include descriptions of the hitherto unknown female of Gymnophora winqvisti Disney and six new species: Megaselia aulaeae n. sp., M. hortenensis n. sp., M. sognensis n. sp., M. strynensis n. sp., M. vestfoldensis n. sp. and Triphleba brevicostalis n. sp.
Hibernation of bats in post-Soviet military objects in Poland
Authors:   Polish Society for Nature Protection ”Salamandra”, Stolarska 7/3, 60-788 Poznań, Poland, WOJTASZYN Grzegorz , STEPHAN Wojciech ,   Polish Society for Nature Protection ”Salamandra”, Stolarska 7/3, 60-788 Poznań, Poland, RUTKOWSKI Tomasz ,   Natural History Collections, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań,  Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland, JAROS Jarosław ,   Polish Society for Nature Protection ”Salamandra”, Stolarska 7/3, 60-788 Poznań, Poland, IGNACZAK Maurycy ,   Polish Society for Bat Protection,  Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland, LESIŃSKI Grzegorz ,   Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Ciszewskiego 8, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Published: September 2021

In the years 2004-2018, data on bats wintering in 9 sites of the Northern Group of the Soviet Army (PGWAR) stationed in the years 1945-1993 in Poland were obtained. A total of at least 11 bat species were found: greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis, Natterer’s bat M. nattereri, Daubenton’s bat M. daubentonii, Bechstein’s bat M. bechsteinii, whiskered/Brandt’s/Alcathoe bats M. mystacinus/brandtii/alcathoe, brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus, grey long-eared bat P. austriacus, western barbastelle Barbastella barbastellus, serotine bat Eptesicus serotinus, common noctule Nyctalus noctula, common pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus and bats determined to the genus Pipistrellus. From 6 to 449 individuals hibernated in the facilities. Noteworthy is the presence of three species from Annex II of the Habitats Directive of EU. In most of the facilities, M. myotis and B. barbastellus were found, and M. bechsteinii in Wilkocin only. Wintering sites were used by numerous bats and also by endangered species therefore those buildings should be advisable to be covered with forms of nature protection.
Cordulegaster bidentata Selys, 1843 in fragmented landscape of the Wielickie Foothills: reassesement of the northern limit of species range in the Western Carpathians
Authors:   Polish Society for the Protection of Birds, Odrowąża 24, 05–270 Marki, Poland, BOBREK Rafał
Published: September 2021

In 2018–2019, the occurrence of Cordulegaster bidentata Selys, 1843 in the Wielickie Foothills, located between the Beskidy mountain ranges (in the south) and the Vistula river valley (in the north) was investigated. It was examined whether C. bidentata inhabits fragmented landscape, with forest patches of various sizes. Larvae of this dragonfly were searched in the forest streams, the bottom of which was visually scanned using binoculars. The presence of 49 larvae was confirmed on 17 stream sections out of 53 (32%). They were recorded in almost the entire geographical extent of the study area, from the southernmost to the northernmost forest patches. The neighboring occupied streams were separated by a maximum of 3.7 km, and breeding sites were found in forest patches of an area of 75–1280 ha. It was confirmed that C. bidentata occurs up to the orographic edge of the Western Carpathians. Its range is continuous between the northern edge of the Beskidy Mountains and the Vistula valley. New data shift the northern range limit of C. bidentata in the Western Carpathians by nearly 20 km. The field method used proved to be efficient in assessing the distribution of larvae in large areas, with relatively little field effort. Its wider use would allow a more complete recognition of distribution of C. bidentata in the Carpathian Foothills.
Systematics of the American Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Communication 10
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: September 2021

A new material on the Neotropical genus Anaulacomera Stål, 1873 from its subgenera Anallomes Stål, 1875, Stenotegmora subgen. nov., Irisovia subgen. nov. and Munticercora Gorochov, 2020 is considered with description of six new species and one new subspecies: A. (Anallomes) galarzai sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (A.) monicae sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (S.) adunca sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (S.) spinifera sp. nov. from Peru (Ucayali Department: Atalaya Prov.); A. (S.) originalis sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (I.) grigoryi sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (M.) sclerogenitalis woronovi subsp. nov. from Colombia (“Penas Blancos, Rio Magdalena”). The above-mentioned new subgenera are distinguished from all the other subgenera of this genus by the following features: Stenotegmora subgen. n. by narrower tegmina, and the male genitalia with a large median inflation on the dorsal fold; Irisovia subgen. n. by the male last abdominal tergite with strongly denticulate posterior lobes, the male cerci short but thick and with distal processes having numerous spinule-like setae, and the male genitalia membranous. For A. (M.) psedoepiproctalis Gorochov, 2020 and A. (M.) s. sclerogenitalis Gorochov, 2020, some important geographical mistakes in their type data are corrected (Ecuador and Mexico instead Peru, respectively), and for the latter taxon, a previously unknown female is described.
Glosa do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z 6 czerwca 2018 r., II FSK 1525/16, dotycząca polecenia darczyńcy a podatku od spadków i darowizn
Authors: Karczyński Łukasz
Published: September 2021

Glosa dotyczy kontrowersyjnego orzeczenia NSA, zgodnie z którym polecenie darczyńcy, wykonane na korzyść samego darczyńcy, stanowi ciężar obniżający podstawę opodatkowania podatkiem od spadków i darowizn. Celem opracowania jest krytyczna analiza argumentacji zaprezentowanej przez sąd i zaproponowanie odmiennego sposobu rozwiązania problemów interpretacyjnych w zakresie skutków podatkowych wykonanego polecenia darczyńcy. Glosowane orzeczenie zdaniem autora należy ocenić jako nieprawidłowe przede wszystkim ze względu na pominięcie istoty polecenia, które nie polegało – jak zdaje się przyjmować NSA – na wykonaniu abstrakcyjnego świadczenia na rzecz osoby trzeciej, lecz na zawarciu umowy sprzedaży, na mocy której obdarowana otrzymała własność nieruchomości, bez uszczuplenia majątku. Skoro zatem w wyniku polecenia nie nastąpiło uszczuplenie majątku obdarowanej, to zmniejszeniu nie powinna też ulec podstawa opodatkowania. Wniosek ten wspiera także wykładnia językowa, ustawa odwołuje się bowiem do „wartości obciążenia” z tytułu polecenia, a nie do obciążenia samego w sobie – czego sąd również zdaje się nie zauważać. Wartość obciążenia polegającego na zobowiązaniu do zakupu nieruchomości jest zaś zerowa, jako że w jego efekcie obdarowana wprawdzie pozbywa się środków pieniężnych, ale jednocześnie nabywa własność nieruchomości (zakładając, że nieruchomość jest nabywana za cenę rynkową). Taka interpretacja jest także spójna z celem ustawy (obciążenie wartości nabyć nieodpłatnych) i z cywilnoprawną konstrukcją polecenia (polecenie wykonania czynności na korzyść samego obdarowanego nie obniża wartości jego majątku w świetle prawa prywatnego).
Zasady zarządzania mieniem samorządowym
Authors: Jagoda Joanna
Published: September 2021

Mienie samorządowe, jako rodzaj mienia publicznego, podlega szczególnym regulacjom prawnym. Zarządzanie mieniem samorządowym musi odbywać się przy zachowaniu zasad określonych w samorządowych ustawach ustrojowych. Z przepisów tych ustaw wynika, iż podmioty mienia komunalnego samodzielnie decydują o przeznaczeniu i sposobie wykorzystania składników majątkowych, przy zachowaniu wymogów zawartych w odrębnych przepisach prawa (zasada samodzielności). Natomiast obowiązkiem osób uczestniczących w zarządzaniu mieniem komunalnym jest zachowanie szczególnej staranności przy wykonywaniu zarządu zgodnie z przeznaczeniem tego mienia i jego ochrona (zasada szczególnej staranności). W porównaniu z innymi porządkami prawnymi, aktywna ochrona mienia publicznego ma w polskim porządku prawnym zasadnicze znaczenie, skoro brak jest szczególnych mechanizmów ochronnych. W prawie polskim nie przewiduje się bowiem ochrony mienia komunalnego zgodnie z zasadą niezbywalności, niemożności zasiedzenia, zajęcia i egzekucji spotykanych w innych europejskich systemach prawnych. Nasuwa się więc pytanie o to, czy ustawodawca polski nie postąpił zbyt pochopnie, tak dalece ujednolicając zasady ochrony własności publicznej (samorządowej) i prywatnej.
Pominięcie przez sąd drugiej instancji nowych faktów i dowodów przytoczonych przez interwenienta ubocznego, wstępującego do sprawy w trakcie postępowania apelacyjnego
Authors: Szczechowicz Jarosław
Published: September 2021

Sytuacja procesowa interwenienta ubocznego jest determinowana stanem sprawy w chwili zgłoszenia interwencji. Wstąpienie interwenienta ubocznego nie niweczy w szczególności dotychczasowego postępowania i dokonanych w nim czynności, interwenient nie może również żądać powtórzenia tych czynności, chociażby uważał je za przeprowadzone wadliwie, lecz jest zobligowany przyjąć postępowanie w takim kształcie, w jakim znajduje się ono w chwili przystąpienia do strony. Stan sprawy w znaczeniu przyjętym w art. 79 zdanie pierwsze k.p.c. trzeba rozumieć szeroko, a wykładnia tego pojęcia powinna być prowadzona z uwzględnieniem faktu, że interwenient uboczny, do którego nie ma zastosowania art. 81 k.p.c., nie dochodzi ochrony własnych praw podmiotowych, lecz jest osobą trzecią, której rola sprowadza się do wspierania strony w dążeniu do uzyskania korzystnego dla niej wyroku. Ocena, czy dokonanie czynności procesowej jest dopuszczalne w konkretnym stanie sprawy nie może w związku z tym abstrahować od sytuacji procesowej strony, do której interwenient przystąpił. Nie chodzi zatem jedynie o to, by czynność procesowa była obiektywnie dopuszczalna na konkretnym etapie postępowania, lecz także o to, by była ona dopuszczalna dla strony, do której interwenient przystąpił, z uwzględnieniem dotychczasowego przebiegu postępowania. Zatem interwenient uboczny może korzystać tylko z takich uprawnień, które pozostają w dyspozycji strony w chwili dokonywania czynności przez interwenienta. Jeśli więc strona utraciła prawo do dokonania czynności na skutek upływu terminu lub z powodu zakończenia etapu postępowania, prawo takie traci także interwenient uboczny. Okoliczność, że interwenient uboczny przystąpił do strony dopiero na etapie postępowania apelacyjnego, a tym samym nie mógł wcześniej powołać faktu lub dowodu, nie wyklucza zatem pominięcia tego faktu lub dowodu na podstawie art. 381 k.p.c., jeżeli materiał ten byłby spóźniony i podlegałby pominięciu w razie powołania go samodzielnie przez stronę.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE ROLLING STOCK SERVICE LIFE AT TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Bazanov Artyom V. , Sapozhenkov Nikolay O. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen, Alykov Ruslan B. ,   Alliance Motor Tyumen LLC, Kozhederov Alexander I. ,   Yugra State University
Published: September 2021

The operation of the rolling stock at transport enterprises is connected with the influence of many factors, and due to their analysis, it is possible to determine the optimal service life of rolling stock to increase the economic efficiency of transport processes. The scientific novelty of the research is represented by the results of experimental data statistical processing that can be used to count the studied patterns models’ parameters for various vehicles and for empirical equations for predicting operating costs based on actual data are established. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the improvement of technical and economic methods for optimizing the service life of rolling stock based on open information without carrying out resource tests and long-term observations. This makes it possible to assess the operating costs with a high degree of reliability, reasonably form preferences in vehicle configuration and rationally determine the period of effective use, taking into account the type of fuel and the dynamics of changes in the secondary market residual value.
Biofranciscanismo: camino hacia los procesos de autosanación
Authors: Ramírez Saborío Marcela , Umaña Juárez Marco Vinicio
Published: September 2021

Este artículo corresponde a la vinculación de dos almas, a través de experiencias de aprendizaje que han apasionado e impactado en la investigación doctoral de la Universidad La Salle, desde el Biofranciscanismo como clave epistemológica que se armoniza con los procesos de autosanación. Esta dinámica, conlleva a transformaciones que atañen a la vida como formas de aprendizaje en constante diálogo. Dialogamos con algunos autores principales como Denisse Najmanovich, Raimon Panikkar, Fritjof Capra y Humberto Maturana. Por lo tanto, nuestra propuesta epistémica, consistirá en brindar nuevos caminos vitales con el fin de descubrir la autosanación.
Metáforas
Authors: Marín Rojas Alicia
Published: September 2021

El texto corresponde a un poema inspirado en el amor a la vida y los sentires humanos que se plasman en los poemas de varios autores reconocidos.
Pedagogía lasallista en tiempos de crisis
Authors: Rodríguez Echeverría Álvaro
Published: September 2021

El ensayo reflexiona sobre el principal momento de crisis que vivió San Juan Bautista De La Salle en los últimos años de su vida, el cual fue un período muy fuerte, pero que permitió fortalecer la Misión Educativa Lasallista. Esta crisis, hizo que San Juan Bautista se re encontrara y lograra superar los momentos oscuros e inciertos en su vida. El autor realiza una comparación con el contexto similar de crisis sanitaria que enfrenta la humanidad este 2020.Una pandemia, que nos hace un llamado a ser hombres y mujeres de resiliencia y esperanza, a superarnos y renovarnos, a estar atentos al grito de las personas más pobres y al cuidado de la naturaleza, nuestra casa común.
Application Mass Spectrum Method in Determination Compound Bioactive of The Essential Oil from Leaves and Stems of Clove (Syzigium aromaticum)
Authors: Rifai Akhmad , Riyadi Nur Amin
Published: September 2021

The essential oil from leaves and stems of clove (Syzigium Aromaticum) growing in Siwa (South Sulawesi, Indonesia), was obtained by hydrodistillation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify the constituent of the sample. There were five most compounds bioactive contained in the clove oil of the leaves and stems, namely eugenol,Â b-caryophyllene, 1,4,7- cycloundecatriene-1,5,9,9 tetramethyl, caryophyllene oxide, and cadinene. The eugenol compound, which is contained in the stems is 55.83% bigger than the leaves, which is 45.3%. But on the contrary, other compounds in the leaves areÂ b-caryophyllene (25.57%), 1,4,7- cycloundecatriene-1,5,9,9 tetramethyl (8.65%), caryophyllene oxide (4.64%) and cadinene (2.31%) greater than the other compounds in the stems, namelyÂ b-caryophyllene (19.72%), 1,4,7- cycloundecatriene-1,5,9,9 tetramethyl (4.38%), caryophyllene oxide (3.48%) and cadinene (0.5%). Eugenol is the major constituent of the clove oil that can be used in pharmacology as antivirus, antimicrobial, antiseptic, and industry of perfume.
Application of dendrochronological analysis of Retama sphaerocarpa L. (Boiss) for dating agricultural abandonment
Authors: Herrán Fernández Álvaro , Lacalle Rafael G. , Iturritxa Vélez del Burgo María Jesús , Martínez Azkuenaga Mikel , Vilela Lozano Juan
Published: September 2021

Abandonment of agricultural land leads to changes in soil characteristics that may result in better or worse soil conditions. These changes are slow therefore the use of indicators for dating the time of abandonment is particularly useful. This study was carried out in Madrid, Spain with the aim to establish for the first time the use of Retama sphaerocarpa L. (Boiss) as a dendrochronological tool for dating land abandonment.  This offers the possibility to take into consideration a period of time long enough for changes in soil to be determined. Such changes can be indicated by fluctuations in soil organic carbon content (SOC), porosity or water availability.

Three different situations resulted from the dendrochronological analysis: soil currently tilled; soil recently abandoned (less than 5 years), and prolonged abandonment (in average 10 years). In addition the influence of Retama sphaerocarpa L. (Boiss) on soils was checked for these periods of abandonment.

The rate of SOC gain can be considered quick. Tilled soils accounted for 0.48% SOC, and  reached 1% in less than 5 years, although with wide standard deviations. Due to prolonged abandonment SOC reached 1.41%, (P=0.09). Total soil porosity under tillage was 49%, and decreased to 38% after 4-5 years, but recovered to 41% under prolonged abandonment. Water availability (volumetric soil moisture between field capacity and permanent wilting point) remained the same, ranging from 7.7 to 8.5% along the whole period of time.

The presence of R.sphaerocarpa L. (Boiss) accelerates soil changes as SOC in prolonged abandonment increased to 2.65%, porosity was 41% and water availability 10.3%.

Key words: agricultural abandonment, dendrochronology, soil organic carbon, water availability
Putting things in perspective
Authors: Baveye Philippe
Published: September 2021

Letter to the Editor
Land degradation vulnerability assessment based on land use changes and FAO suitability analysis in Jordan
Authors: Makhamreh Zeyad Mufadi
Published: September 2021

The objective of this research was to investigate the pattern of land use change and its impact on land degradation in the Mediterranean regions of Jordan. Land use was interpreted using aerial photos and high-resolution satellite images and fieldwork carried out in 2018. Assessment of the degradation vulnerability degree was based on comparing the current land use with the potential suitability of the land by using FAO framework and spatial analysis techniques. The pattern of land use change from 1958 to 2018 showed that the area of rangeland and field crops declined by 16.1%, and 13.5% respectively; while the potential suitability for land utilization showed that 80% of the catchment is highly suitable for forest and rangeland in classes S1 and S2 respectively. The degree of vulnerability for land degradation under the current land use was assessed based on the erosion hazard, slope percent, and soil depth. The highest vulnerability class represents 10%, the medium vulnerability class covers 24%, the slightly moderate vulnerability class covers 31%, and the low vulnerability class consists of about 22% of the catchment area. In summary, the main constraints contributing to land degradation are improper land use by cultivation under high erosion hazard and slope degree followed by shallow soil depth.
Diagnosis of soil hydrophobicity linked to pig slurry use in a calcareous soil
Authors: Jiménez-de-Santiago Diana Elisa , Yagüe María Rosa , Antúnez Montserrat , Bosch-Serra Àngela Dolors
Published: September 2021

Pig slurry fertilization in dryland agriculture of semiarid areas is a matter of concern because of the increasing intensity of livestock farming. Slurry is a nutrient source but if it triggers soil water repellency (SWR), this could constrain its application over the surface in the crop cycle. In SWR tests, choice of a suitable drying soil temperature is a key point, as temperature affects its expression. Its determination must also be easily integrated with the different standard analytical procedures in laboratories. In this study we evaluated the persistence and the severity of the SWR in undisturbed soil samples dried at 40 °C. Soil samples came from a long-term fertilization experiment where five slurry treatments plus a control were implemented. Soil samples were taken seven times during a 51 days (d) period, starting 4 d before slurry application and up to 47 d after. The maximum recorded SWR persistence and severity was classified as moderate and severe, respectively. As soil dried at 40 °C was able to express hydrophobicity after pig slurry fertilization, the SWR tests can be easily included in the framework of routine procedures for soil sample analysis where this effluent has been applied. Further research is needed in slurry rainfed fertilized areas to evaluate SWR variability (annual and between cropping seasons) and its additional impacts in these agricultural systems.
Combined biochar and organic waste have little effect on chemical soil properties and plant growth
Authors: Rodrigues Manuel Ângelo , Garmus Tais , Arrobas Margarida , Gonçalves Alexandre , Silva Ermelinda , Rocha Luís , Pinto Luís , Brito Cátia , Martins Sandra , Vargas Thiago , Correia Carlos Manuel
Published: September 2021

Biochar has received great attention as a soil conditioner since it can potentially sequester carbon (C) in soil, enhance soil physical, chemical and biological properties and improve crop productivity. This study reports the results of a pot experiment with olive (Olea europaea L.), carried out in an acidic and clay loam textured soil, and cultivated during two growing seasons under eight fertilization treatments. They included mineral fertilization equivalent to a rate of 100 kg ha-1 of N, P2O5 and K2O (NPK), biochar applied at a rate of 10 (B10), and at 20 (B20) t biochar ha-1, biochar-NPK mixture (B10+NPK), biochar-waste mixtures with mushroom waste compost (B10+MWC), olive mill waste (B10 + OMW), and municipal solid waste (B10+MSW), the organic materials applied at a rate of 20 t ha-1, together with a treatment without fertilization (control). Biochar in the B20 treatment increased the soil C content in comparison to the control. Biochar in the B10+NPK treatment reduced soil nitrate levels compared to NPK treatment. No other benefits to soil properties, nutrient uptake or plant growth were observed with the use of biochar or any positive synergistic effect with the mixture of biochar with the other organic amendments. MSW, OMW and MWC tended to increase soil pH in comparison to the control. Most of the studies with biochar were carried out in soils with edaphic limitations or harsh environmental conditions limiting plant growth, which may have facilitated the detection of favorable effects. Under less limited soils or stressful conditions for plants, such as the ones established in this experiment, the benefits of using biochar were poor.
Spatial variability of soil properties under different landuse in Koupendri catchment, Benin
Authors: Azuka Chukwuebuka Vincent , Igué Attanda Mouinou
Published: September 2021

The spatial distribution of soil properties especially saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), Bulk density (BD), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and available phosphorus (Avail.P) is fundamental to sustainable management of soil resources. About 291 surface soil (0-20 cm) samples were collected across three land use types (maize-sorghum (MS), rice field and fallow shrub-grassland (FSG) in Koupendri, north-west Benin using a grid sampling of 25 m x 25 m supplemented with samplings at 5 m x 5 m. Data obtained were subjected to classical and spatial statistics, Pearson’s correlation and analysis of variance using GENSTAT. The soil properties showed normal and non-normal distribution, variation was high (75-126.7 %) for Ksat, moderate (29-45 %) for SOC, C/N and Avail.P, and low (7-15) for BD and TN across the land use. Land use had significant (P < 0.05) effect on all the soil properties evaluated except C/N. The highest values of Ksat (151.6 cm/d), SOC (1.26 %), BD (1.79 g/cm3), TN (0.105 %), Avail.P (4.66 ppm) and C/N (12.14) were obtained under the MS cropland whereas porosity was highest (43.7 %) in the rice field. High significant correlation (P < 0.01) was observed among the soil properties irrespective of land use.  The correlation length (65-300 m) and nugget effect ratio indicates high variation and strong spatially dependent soil properties. However, TN, BD, Avail.P and C/N were weakly spatially dependent. The variograms were fitted with mostly exponential and spherical models. The interpolation map could help in delineating different management zones and for making good agronomic decisions.
Stabilization of organic material from soils and soil-like bodies in the Lena River Delta (13C-NMR spectroscopy analysis)
Authors: Polyakov Vyacheslav , Abakumov Evgeny
Published: September 2021

The Arctic ecosystem has a huge reservoir of soil organic carbon stored in permafrost-affected soils and biosediments. During the short vegetation season, humification and mineralization processes in the active soil layer result in the formation of specific soil organic substances – humic substances. Humic acids are high molecular, specific, thermodynamically stable macromolecules. The study was conducted in the Lena River Delta, the largest river delta located in the Arctic. Cryosol-type soils on alluvial deposits of the river form an area of about 45 thousand km2 under permafrost conditions. The vegetation cover is represented by moss-lichen communities with the presence of Salix glauca in the flooded areas, as well as Betula nana in the areas not subject to flooding. The paper presents the elemental and molecular composition of humic acids isolated from soils, integral indicators of humification (stabilization) of organic matter in the soils of the Lena River Delta. The study was conducted using the 13C (CP/MAS) NMR spectroscopy method. In the work, it was revealed that up to 33% of aromatic and up to 15% COOR fragments are accumulated in humic acids. The AR/AL ratio ranged from 0.69 to 0.89. The studied soils are variants of modern soil formation (not subjected to alluvial processes) and soil-like bodies that melted from the IC of the river delta. A relatively high degree of condensation of humic acid macromolecules in comparison with other polar regions of the Arctic and Antarctic was noted.
Effect of the application of two plant residues on the density and porosity of soils subjected to compaction
Authors: Almendro-Candel María Belén , Poquet Perles María José , Gómez Lucas Ignacio , Navarro-Pedreño José , Mataix-Solera Jorge
Published: September 2021

This study evaluates the effect on the density and porosity of three differently textured soils when they were subjected to different degrees of compaction, following the addition of two crushed vegetable residues, palm leaf and hay straw. Mixtures were prepared incorporating the plant residues to each soil following the proportions: 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% (V/V). To quantify the incidence of compaction on physical properties, cylindrical PVC containers were used. The soil-waste mixtures were subjected to pressures of 0 (kg/cm2), 1.12 (kg/cm2) and 2.24 (kg/cm2). The results obtained showed that the addition of the residues reduces the apparent density in the three soils, with the use of hay straw having the greatest decrease. As an example, in soil 1, without applying compaction, the apparent density varies with the application of palm leaf from 1685 (kg/m3) to 890 (kg/m3) and with the straw reaches values of 781 (kg/m3).
Forensic comparative analysis of soils by the method of sporo-pollen analysis using projection to latent structures discriminant analysis
Authors: Khokh A. , Shalaboda V.
Published: September 2021

Extensive use of sporo-pollen analysis is largely conditioned by such specific features of pollen and spores as their very-large-scale production in plants, the ability to preserve in soils, presence of characteristic morphological features enabling to distinguish and identify individual taxa, etc.

In Belarus, the method of sporo-pollen analysis has also been implemented while forensic soil examination: it is increasingly applied to solve identification tasks in comparative analysis to establish the belonging of soil layers on physical evidence to the searched area. Its main advantage is that it is a multicomponent analysis allowing to evaluate both the composition of palynoflora and the percentage of several dozen components of sporo-pollen spectra contained in soil samples. Therefore, to determine the belonging of soil layers on physical evidence to the searched area, most informative are data obtained while sporo-pollen analysis, helping forensic experts on the basis of a specific taxonomic composition  of pollen and spores and percentage of spectra components to draw the most valid conclusions.

Detection of pollen and spores in studied samples in a quantity sufficient for comparative analysis enables to statistically process data of samples microscopic examination. Statistical processing of results is one of the characteristic features of sporo-pollen analysis as a method that distinguishes it from other methods implemented in multidisciplinary forensic examination of soil.
The Implementation of Family Hope Program in Social Protection and Welfare in West Lombok
Authors: Aziz Ahmad Amir , Royani Royani , Syukriati Syukriati
Published: September 2021

Social inequality remains a crucial problem in Indonesia. This paper intends to describe the implementation of the Family Hope Program as social protection and its impact on improving family welfare in West Lombok. This qualitative research used an analytic descriptive approach, with a case study in the village of Terong Tawah. The results of the study show that the program beneficiaries can experience welfare, manage family finances well, and meet what they need, not what they want. In addition to guaranteed health services, they are kept safe from a school dropout, especially for pregnant and breastfeeding women, as well as toddlers and children.
Analysis of Strategies Implemented by AirAsia to Cater to the Covid-19 Effects
Authors: Nair Rajesh Kumar , Ganatra Varsha , Kaur Karishma , Kee Daisy Mui Hung , Khoo Wan Teng , Khor Shi Ying , Rao Keshaav , Mahajan Janhvi
Published: September 2021

During the global pandemic, AirAsia reported an annual loss of RM5.9 billion ($1.4 billion) in 2020. The uncertainty of the COVID-19 outbreak, travel restrictions, and border controls had led to weaker air travel demand, which had impacted AirAsia’s operation badly. This paper depicts how Covid-19 impacted AirAsia and the strategies implemented by AirAsia during the pandemic in the marketing aspects. This paper also focuses on how AirAsia can anticipate a strong recovery in the airline industry while expanding to other industries. In extreme and under pressure circumstances, AirAsia implemented many strategies to cater to the effects of Covid-19. However, other strategies, such as focusing on their business in the food industry, should be expanded throughout Malaysia.
The Impact of Food Delivery Apps on Customer Perceived Value Among University Students
Authors: Ganatra Varsha , Kaakandikar Rishikaysh , Izzuddin Muhammad , Kee Daisy Mui Hung , Bt Zainuddin Najihah , Bukhari Muhammad Az-Zahid , Nurhakim Muhammad Azfar , Panwar Varsha
Published: September 2021

The number of food delivery apps users has increased nowadays due to the recent global pandemic situation of the coronavirus outbreak. Food delivery apps bring many benefits to the students and catering business. This paper aims to study the impact of food delivery apps on customer perceived value among university students. A quantitative approach was used in this study. Cross-sectional design used as the design of the study and the data will be gathered at one point in a time. Questionnaires used to collect the data from all respondents. The respondents were university students with the number of samples as many as 101 people. The results found how food delivery applications had an impact on customer perceived value among university students in Malaysia during the pandemic and it can be said that respondents gave a lot of positive feedback on food delivery service, where they believed in the products and service provided.
Veszélyesanyag-tároló tartály üzemeltetésének iparbiztonsági feltételrendszere
Authors: Berger Ádám
Published: September 2021

Az 5 m3-nél nagyobb űrtartalmú atmoszférikus veszélyesfolyadék-tároló tartályoknak nemcsak a létesítése, hanem az üzembe helyezése, az üzemeltetése és a megszüntetése is szigorú előírásokhoz kötött. A vonatkozó engedélyezési eljárásban párhuzamosan több hatóság is érintett, ugyanakkor a cél közös, az üzemeltetőnek bizonyítania kell a veszélytelen működést. A veszélytelen működés dokumentálásának és ellenőrzési, vizsgálati módszereinek számos katasztrófavédelemi, iparbiztonsági aspektusa van. A szerző jelen publikációban a veszélytelen állapot igazolásához szükséges műszaki, szervezési feltételrendszert ismerteti, részeletesen bemutatva az eljáró hatóságok szerepkörét.
Investigação das Alterações Conformacionais de Fita Simples do Gene TP53 em Hiperplasias Epiteliais da Mama
Authors: Burbano Rommel Rodríguez , Medeiros Arnaldo , Bastos Jr Licurgo , Mello Adriano , Barbieri Neto José , Moraes Leopoldo Silva de , Casartelli Cacilda
Published: September 2021

As lesões benignas da mama geralmente comportam-se como proliferações inócuas e limitadas, mas algumas vezes podem representar patologias pré-cancerosas. A importância prática do estudo das hiperplasias epiteliais (HE) está relacionada com o seu potencial de transformação maligna. O gene supressor de tumor TP53 é o que sofre o maior número de mutações em câncer humano. Usando a técnica do polimorfismo conformacional de fita simples, triamos mutações nos exons 5 ao 8 do gene TP53 em hiperplasias epiteliais da mama. Os resultados obtidos não revelaram qualquer polimorfismo indicativo de mutação. A ausência de mutação é um indicativo de que este gene não está envolvido no processo de iniciação da malignização, reforçando a hipótese de que as mutações no gene TP53 são um evento tardio na carcinogênese mamária.
O Papel do INCA na Prevenção e Controle do Câncer no Brasil
Authors: Kligerman Jacob
Published: September 2021

Panorâma das ações desenvolvidas pelo INCA, com o intuito de desempenhar o seu múltiplo papel em todas as frentes da prevenção e controle do câncer no Brasil,
Cleft Lip/Palate and Cancer: a True Connection
Authors: Vieira Alexandre Rezende
Published: September 2021

Multifactorial cleft lip and palate is relatively common in populations (1 in every 700 livebirths). Individuals born with clefts require lifelong treatment after initial surgical repair and data suggested that their lifespan is shorter, possibly due to cancer or psychiatric conditions. Molecular defects that alter facial development in utero appear to later in life predispose to cancer. Common polymorphisms in e-cadherin and an endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane sensor gene appear to hold the promise to be biomarkers that may help to define individual risks to cancer, in the presence or not of family history of clefts.
Effect of Adherence with Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life Primary Hypertension Patients in Pharmacy
Authors: Hutauruk Dumartina , Khairunnisa  , Wiryanto
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to examine the effect of adherence to clinical outcomes and the quality of life of primary hypertension patients in pharmacy. The studywas conducted cross sectionally involved 60 patients at one of the pharmacies in Medan, Indonesia. Adherence was obtained in the form of adherence levels measured using the MMAS-8 questionnaire, clinical outcomes assessed by measuring a patient's blood pressure, and quality of life assessed using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Then the data were analyzed using the Spearmen rho test. Patients who participated in the study consisted of 24 men and 36 women. Almost patient has low adherence with blood pressure mean of 156/ 90 mmHg. The patient's quality of life was 77.7%. Adherence has a significant relationship to clinical outcomes (p<0.05) with a strong correlation of r= -0.745. Adherence has a relationship to quality of life (p<0.05) with moderate correlation r= 0.554. This study concluded that adherence has a correlation with clinical outcomes and the quality of life of primary hypertension patients.