bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bordando a luta: O Coletivo de Mulheres do Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens e as oficinas de Arpilleras como estratégia de mobilização social
Authors: Busquets Monise Vieira
Published: July 2020

Esse artigo estuda o percurso de mobilização social empenhado na luta pela dignidade humana em contextos de construção de hidrelétricas no Brasil, capitaneado pelo Coletivo de Mulheres, do Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens (MAB), através da técnica de bordado conhecida como arpillera. As arpilleras ficaram mundialmente conhecidas por denunciarem os contornos de crueldade da Ditadura Militar de Augusto Pinochet (1973-1992). No Brasil, essa técnica de bordado serve como suporte para que mulheres do Coletivo de Mulheres do MAB, bordem as violações dos direitos humanos a que estão sujeitas, o projeto recebeu o nome de “Arpilleras, Bordando a Resistência”. A análise aqui contida é uma reflexão elaborada a partir de entrevistas com as militantes e idealizadoras do projeto “Arpilleras, Bordando a Resistência” e fruto da observação participante realizada na Oficina de Arpilleras, durante a exposição “Arpilleras Amazônicas: costurando a luta por direitos”, ocorrida em Belém – PA, em 2016.
Disability as Malleability: The Prosthetic Metaphor, Merleau-Ponty and the Case of Aimee Mullins
Authors: Dolezal Luna
Published: July 2020

Luna Dolezal explores in her chapter the promises, pitfalls and politics of the prosthetic metaphor. The chapter considers how the prosthetic metaphor has currency in theory, through a discussion of Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological descriptions of the body schema and tool usage, themes which demonstrate how the lived human body has the capacity for mediality-blending self and other, fact and fiction, tool and world. The chapter considers the figure of Aimee Mullins as a living exemplar of the enfleshment of the prosthetic metaphor. Exploring artistic and commercial representations of Mullins, the chapter considers how the theoretical contradictions and tensions of the prosthetic metaphor play out concretely in terms of promoting the possibilities of body malleability for disabled bodies, considering the potentials and pitfalls for disability politics.
SEO im Newsroom
Authors: Bornewasser Johannes
Published: July 2020

Johannes Bornewasser widmet sich in seinem Beitrag der Suchmaschinenoptimierung im redaktionellen Kontext. Dabei untersucht der gelernte Journalist verschiedene Vorurteile, die der Berufsgruppe entgegengebracht werden und zeigt Möglichkeiten der strategischen Verzahnung von SEO und Redaktion auf. Der Autor erklärt, warum sich Suchmaschinenoptimierer und Redakteure oft deutlich näher stehen, als es auf den ersten Blick scheint, und wirbt für mehr Vertrauen in die Arbeit und Kompetenz der SEO-Teams. Anhand realer Beispiele werden Denkanstöße für das Management gegeben, das durch falsche Entscheidungen oft mitverantwortlich für die Ablehnung der Suchmaschinenoptimierung in Redaktionen ist. Ferner formuliert Bornewasser einen Weckruf, denn noch immer gehört die redaktionelle Suchmaschinenoptimierung nicht flächendeckend zur Journalistenausbildung. Dies führt nicht nur dazu, dass hochwertige und glaubwürdige Quellen hinter fragwürdigen Marktbegleitern zurückbleiben können. Der Online-Experte sieht darin in Zeiten sinkender Printabo-Zahlen und des beschwerlichen Aufbaus zahlungsbereiter Online-Kundschaft vor allem »ein fahrlässiges Versäumnis« bei »dieser verhältnismäßig einfachen Art der Leserakquise«.
Versuch über Spotify, oder: Musikstreaming als Arbeit am Subjekt
Authors: Haberer Maximilian
Published: July 2020

Die Implementierung rekursiver Empfehlungsalgorithmen durch Streamingdienste wie Spotify evoziert neue Praktiken der Musikrezeption. Als komplexe Sortierverfahren kuratieren Algorithmen Musikbibliotheken und übernehmen dadurch die Rolle kultureller Vermittler. Algorithmische Kuration folgt dabei dem Ideal der situationsadäquaten, personalisierten Vorhersage auf Grundlage von Verhaltensdaten. Als dynamische Datenschleifen schaffen personalisierte Musikempfehlungen ein Bewusstsein über den Einfluss von Hörverhalten auf algorithmische Kuration und bringen Hörpraktiken der Selbstkontrolle und unternehmerische (Hör-)Subjekte hervor.
Wie weiter mit dem Auto?
Authors: Haas Tobias , Jürgens Isabel
Published: July 2020

Das Automobil war seit jeher stark symbolisch aufgeladen - als Ausdruck von Freiheit, Wohlstand, Dominanz oder Männlichkeit. Historisch folgte auf jede Krise der Automobilindustrie eine Erneuerung des Autos, die sowohl neue Modelle und technische Innovationen als auch neue kulturelle Aufladungen mit sich brachte. Vor diesem Hintergrund geht dieser Beitrag der Frage nach, wie die Fahrzeughersteller versuchen, die Automobile materiell und symbolisch weiter zu entwickeln, um die Autohegemonie zu erneuern. Unsere Analyse fokussiert auf die drei deutschen OEMs - VW, Daimler und BMW -, die sowohl ambitionierte Pläne zur Erneuerung ihrer Fahrzeugflotte verfolgen, als auch diverse Konzeptfahrzeuge entwickelt haben.
Automatisiertes und vernetztes Fahren als Zukunftsperspektive für Europa?
Authors: Stickler Andrea
Published: July 2020

In der gegenwärtigen europäischen Verkehrspolitik spielen neue Technologien nicht nur in Bezug auf alternative Antriebstechnologien von Fahrzeugen eine zentrale Rolle, sondern auch zunehmend hinsichtlich technologischer Innovationen der Automatisierung und Vernetzung. In diesem Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie sich die Förderung des automatisierten und vernetzten Fahrens in der europäischen Politik verankert hat und welche Vorstellungen der Zukunft der Mobilität damit in Verbindung gebracht werden. Die Annahme, dass mit dem automatisierten Verkehr auch die Umweltauswirkungen der heutigen Automobilität verbessert werden, ruft gewisse Widersprüche hervor. Diese Widersprüche sind aufzuzeigen und vor dem Hintergrund der gegenwärtigen Machtkonstellationen im Kontext des automatisierten Fahrens zu hinterfragen.
Räumliche Transformationen: Prozess, Ziel, Leitbild?
Authors: Hesse Markus
Published: July 2020

Markus Hesse zielt in seinem Beitrag darauf, »Transformation« in die raum- und planungsbezogene Praxis einzuordnen, vor allem in die Debatte um raumbezogene Leitbilder. Dieser Fokus erfolgt hier deshalb, weil die Rede von der Transformation mittlerweile auch im deutschsprachigen Raum eine hohe Breitenwirkung erzielt hat. Entsprechendes gilt im internationalen Sprachraum für Sustainability Transitions. Die erkenntnisleitende Frage ist, ob und inwieweit raumbezogene Transformation als Leitbild betrachtet werden kann, und wenn ja, worin sich dies konkret äußert: in analytischer, normativer oder prozeduraler Hinsicht. Das Resümee des Beitrags ist zum einen, dass die gegenwärtige Diskussion um Transformation einen Hype zu erzeugen droht, der den komplexen Gestaltungsaufgaben und damit verbundenen hohen Erwartungen kaum gerecht werden kann. Um diese dauerhafte Wirkung zu erzielen, so die zweite These, dürften Fragen gesellschaftlicher Makro-Steuerung nicht wie bisher ausgeblendet bleiben.
Bezludne wyspy modernizacji. Społeczne i ekonomiczne konteksty samotności bohaterów literatury polskiej drugiej połowy xix wieku
Authors: Tomczok Paweł
Published: July 2020

W artykule przedstawiono analizę figury Robinsona w powieści dydaktycznej Adolfa Dygasińskiego Przygody młodzieńca czyli Robinson polski. Za pomocą metodologii ekonomii literatury zbadano ideologem pracy, a także usytuowano utwór Dygasińskiego w kontekście peryferyjnego kapitalizmu. Przeniesienie ekonomiczno-literackiej figury z kontekstu angielskiego kapitalizmu na ziemie polskie wymagało wielu zmian, które pozwalają rozpoznać problematyczny status gospodarczych peryferii globalnego kapitalizmu.
Obraz wyspy Crusoe: Defoe, Rousseau, Stothard
Authors: Lipski Jakub
Published: July 2020

W niniejszym tekście analizie poddane są wybrane ilustracje Thomasa Stotharda przedstawiające wydarzenia z powieści Robinson Crusoe Daniela Defoe. Wyeksponowanie tła naturalnego, wyraźnie widoczne w omawianych ilustracjach, odczytywane jest w kontekście sentymentalnych interpretacji powieści Defoe, które – inaczej niż tekst oryginalny, którego autor wydaje się być nieczuły na piękno natury – zdecydowanie pozytywnie wartościowały samotne życie w harmonii z naturą. Ten aspekt ilustracji Stotharda interpretowany jest w kontekście myśli J. J. Rousseau, a w szczególności tego, jak francuski filozof odczytywał powieść Defoe.
Dystopian and Utopian Omission of Discourse in Three Modern Robinsonades: Lord of the Flies, Concrete Island, The Red Turtle
Authors: Gill Patrick
Published: July 2020

The story of Robinson Crusoe comes to us in the guise of a first-person narrative based in part on a diary. Successor texts have traditionally adopted the same narrative situation, exploiting it in order to foreground ideas of authorship, textual authority and linguistic dominance. This essay pays particularly close attention to those Robinsonades that have not followed this pattern and have instead opted to omit meta-narration and intradiegetic narrator figures. It considers to what ends this is done in three modern Robinsonades: William Golding’s Lord of the Flies (1954), J. G. Ballard’s Concrete Island (1974), and Michael Dudok de Wit’s animated film The Red Turtle (2016).
Chordal Hausdorff Convergence and Quasihyperbolic Distance
Authors: Herron David A. , Richard Abigail , Snipes Marie A.
Published: July 2020

We study Hausdorff convergence (and related topics) in the chordalization of a metric space to better understand pointed Gromov-Hausdorff convergence of quasihyperbolic distances (and other conformal distances).
Higher Dimensional Holonomy Map for Ruled Submanifolds in Graded Manifolds
Authors: Giovannardi Gianmarco
Published: July 2020

The deformability condition for submanifolds of fixed degree immersed in a graded manifold can be expressed as a system of first order PDEs. In the particular but important case of ruled submanifolds, we introduce a natural choice of coordinates, which allows to deeply simplify the formal expression of the system, and to reduce it to a system of ODEs along a characteristic direction. We introduce a notion of higher dimensional holonomy map in analogy with the one-dimensional case [29], and we provide a characterization for singularities as well as a deformability criterion.
The Impact of Economic Size of Farms on their Material and Energy Expenditure
Authors: Depo Kamil , Rabier Fabienne , Huyghebaert Bruno , Szparaga Agnieszka , Kocira Sławomir
Published: July 2020

The study assesses the impact of the economic size of farms on the efficiency of their material and energy expenditure, based on 679 farms from the Lubelskie Voivodeship. The analysis was made for the years 2013-2015 and the farms were divided into six economic size classes. 5 indexes for the efficiency of material, energy and material-energy expenditures were calculated for all farms. The aim of the work was to select a group of farms with the highest efficiency of energy and material expenditure. It was found that economically small farms managed this expenditure most effectively, as evidenced by the highest values of 4 out of 5 analyzed indexes. Very small and medium-small farms demonstrated the highest efficiency of material expenditure. In contrast, energy expenditure was most efficiently used by medium-small farms. The farms that were the largest economically were characterized by the highest efficiency index of material and energy expenditure, calculated as the ratio of total production to the expenditure.
Rheological Enhancement of Artificial Sputum Medium
Authors: Tan Mingyang , Mao Yating , Walker Travis W.
Published: July 2020

This investigation proposes a synthetic biofluid, artificial sputum medium (ASM) and xanthan gum (XG), that mimics the mucus from a patient with cystic fibrosis, and investigates the rheological properties both macroscopically and microscopically. Macroscopic rheological characterization cannot address the heterogeneity or the behavior of particle transport inside the mucus. Microscopic rheology enables the characterization of the microenvironment by using microparticles as probes.

The addition of XG to ASM provides a tunable parameter that enables the mechanical properties to be consistent with real mucus. Particles that were suspended in a media of ASM with XG displayed a subdiffusive behavior at short timescales with a diffusive exponent that decreases with an increase in concentration of XG. At long timescales, particles that were suspended in ASM+XG with a concentration of XG of 0.1% to 0.4% displayed diffusive behavior. While in more concentrated samples (0.5% and 1.0%), the particles were constrained inside local elastic “cages”. The microscopic moduli that were calculated showed consistently lower moduli than rotational rheometry. This discrepancy suggests that the solutions of XG have a hierarchical structure that better represents the weakly associated microstructure of mucus that is found in real sputum.
Geographica digital – Ansichten und Denkmäler aus dem Oberrheingebiet in den Digitalen Sammlungen der Badischen Landesbibliothek
Authors: Schütte Jana Madlen
Published: July 2020

Seit Beginn ihrer Digitalisierung 2010 liegt ein Fokus der Badischen Landesbibliothek auf regionalen Beständen aus und zu Baden. Unter diesen finden sich auch Reisebeschreibungen und Bildbände aus dem 19. Jahrhundert mit zahlreichen Ansichten von Städten, Landschaften, Kirchen, Burgen, Plätzen und weiteren Baudenkmälern aus dem Oberrheingebiet sowie wissenschaftliche Literatur zum Rhein. Die Abbildungen werden mit angereicherten Normdaten verknüpft und mittels Zuweisung der entsprechenden Koordinaten auf einer Landkarte verortet. Dadurch kann die Badische Landesbibliothek ihren speziell an Bildzeugnissen interessierten Nutzerinnen und Nutzern verschiedene Rechercheeinstiege anbieten: Zugriff auf die einzelnen Abbildungen bieten ein alphabetisches Ortsnamenregister, ein Suchschlitz oder die Verortung auf einer Landkarte.
Immigration Relief and Insurance Coverage: Evidence from Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals
Authors: Bae Jung
Published: July 2020

I find that the 2012 Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, which conferred protection from deportation and work authorization to undocumented immigrants who had been brought to the U.S. as children, increased eligible immigrants’ likelihood of having health insurance coverage. Exploiting a cutoff rule in the eligibility criteria of DACA, I implement a difference-in-regression-discontinuities design. The insured rate increased by up to 4.3 percentage points more for DACA-eligible immigrants than for ineligible immigrants following DACA. Two-thirds of this increase is accounted for by upticks in employer-sponsored and privately purchased insurance. The findings are also consistent with immigrants becoming less averse to approach health institutions, and taking up medical financial assistance at a higher rate.
Scalp electroencephalography (sEEG) based advanced prediction of epileptic seizure time and identification of epileptogenic region
Authors: Sharma Aarti , Rai Jaynendra Kumar , Tewari Ravi Prakash
Published: July 2020

Epilepsy is characterized by uncontrollable seizure during which consciousness of patient is disturbed. Prediction of the seizure in advance will increase the remedial possibilities for the patients suffering from epilepsy. An automated system for seizure prediction is important for seizure enactment, prevention of sudden unexpected deaths and to avoid seizure related injuries. This paper proposes the prediction of an upcoming seizure by analyzing the 23 channel non-stationary EEG signal. EEG signal is divided into smaller segments to change it into quasi-stationary data using an overlapping moving window. Brain region is marked into four regions namely left hemisphere, right hemisphere, central region and temporal region to identify the epileptogenic region. The epileptogenic region shows significant variations during pre-ictal state in comparison to the other regions. So, seizure prediction is carried out by analyzing EEG signals from this region. Seizure prediction is proposed using features extracted from both time and frequency domain. Relative entropy and relative energy are extracted from wavelet transform and Pearson correlation coefficient is obtained from time domain EEG signal. Extracted features have been smoothened using moving average filter. First order derivative of relative features have been used to normalize the intervariability before deciding the threshold for marking the prediction of seizure. Isolated seizures where pre-ictal duration of more than 1 h is reported has been detected with an accuracy of 92.18% with precursory warning 18 min in advance and seizure confirmation 12 min in advance. An overall accuracy of 83.33% with false positive alarm rate of 0.01/h has been obtained for all seizure cases with average prediction time of 9.9 min.
Proenkephalin as a new biomarker for pediatric acute kidney injury – reference values and performance in children under one year of age
Authors: Hartman Stan J. F. , Zwiers Alexandra J. M. , van de Water Nadies E. C. , van Rosmalen Joost , Struck Joachim , Schulte Janin , Hartmann Oliver , Pickkers Peter , Beunders Remi , Tibboel Dick , Schreuder Michiel F. , de Wildt Saskia N.
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill children, but current biomarkers are suboptimal. Proenkephalin A 119–159 (PENK) is a promising new biomarker for AKI in adults, but pediatric data is lacking. We determined PENK reference intervals for healthy children, crucial for clinical implementation, and explored concentrations in critically ill infants aged under 1 year.

Methods

Observational cohort study in healthy infants and critically ill children aged 0–1 years. Reference values were determined using generalized additive models. Plasma PENK concentrations between healthy children and critically ill children with and without AKI, were compared using linear mixed modelling. The performance of PENK as AKI biomarker was compared to cystatin C (CysC) and β-trace protein (BTP) using receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results

PENK concentrations in 100 healthy infants were stable during the first year of life (median 517.3 pmol/L). Median PENK concentrations in 91 critically ill children, were significantly higher in those with AKI (n=40) (KDIGO Stage 1 507.9 pmol/L, Stage 2 704.0 pmol/L, Stage 3 930.5 pmol/L) than non-AKI patients (n=51, 432.2 pmol/L) (p < 0.001). PENK appeared to relate better to AKI diagnosis than CysC and BTP (AUROC PENK 0.858, CysC 0.770 and BTP 0.711) in the first 24 h after recruitment.

Conclusions

PENK reference values are much higher in young infants than adults, but clearly discriminate between children with and without AKI, with comparable or better performance than CysC and BTP. Our results illustrate the importance of establishing age-normalized reference values and indicate PENK as a promising pediatric AKI biomarker.
Sample size and rejection limits for detecting reagent lot variability: analysis of the applicability of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP26-A protocol to real-world clinical chemistry data
Authors: Kim Sollip , Chang Jeonghyun , Kim Soo-Kyung , Park Sholhui , Huh Jungwon , Jeong Tae-Dong
Published: July 2020

Objectives

To maintain the consistency of laboratory test results, between-reagent lot variation should be verified before using new reagent lots in clinical laboratory. Although the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) document EP26-A deals with this issue, evaluation of reagent lot-to-lot difference is challenging in reality. We aim to investigate a practical way for determining between-reagent lot variation using real-world data in clinical chemistry.

Methods

The CLSI EP26-A protocol was applied to 83 chemistry tests in three clinical labs. Three criteria were used to define the critical difference (CD) of each test as follows: reference change value and total allowable error, which are based on biological variation, and acceptable limits by external quality assurance agencies. The sample size and rejection limits that could detect CD between-reagent lots were determined.

Results

For more than half of chemistry tests, reagent lot-to-lot differences could be evaluated using only one patient sample per decision level. In many cases, the rejection limit that could detect reagent lot-to-lot difference with ≥90% probability was 0.6 times CD. However, the sample size and rejection limits vary depending on how the CD is defined. In some cases, impractical sample size or rejection limits were obtained. In some cases, information on sample size and rejection limit that met intended statistical power was not found in EP26-A.

Conclusions

The CLSI EP26-A did not provide all necessary answers. Alternative practical approaches are suggested when CLSI EP26-A does not provide guidance.
Comprehension in English Medium Instruction (EMI) lectures: On the impact of lecturer L2 English use
Authors: Siegel Joseph
Published: July 2020

The importance and amount of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) usage and English Medium Instruction (EMI) lectures continue to increase on university campuses as universities worldwide seek to promote internationalization among both the student body and the faculty. While EMI has become a priority, the teaching and learning that occurs within this framework needs to be monitored for effectiveness and efficiency. Many of the teachers and students in these EMI courses do not share a common first language and likely have a first language other than English. Therefore, they are operating in EMI with varying levels of second language (L2) English ability, which can lead to low levels of student comprehension, learning and satisfaction unless the lecturer takes special care in their delivery of content. This paper explores the linguistic composition of EMI lectures in the Swedish context and reports survey findings of students’ self-reported levels of comprehension related to lecture content and their lecturer’s L2 English use. Three case studies are described and illustrate various linguistic factors that can contribute to or inhibit student comprehension in EMI lectures. Pedagogic implications are presented with the intention of supporting EMI lecturers and their students.
The deFinetti representation of generalised Marshall–Olkin sequences
Authors: Sloot Henrik
Published: July 2020

We show that each infinite exchangeable sequence τ1, τ2, . . . of random variables of the generalised Marshall–Olkin kind can be uniquely linked to an additive subordinator via its deFinetti representation. This is useful for simulation, model estimation, and model building.
A tool for finding inclusion clusters in steel SEM specimens
Authors: Wartiainen Anna-Mari , Harju Markus , Tamminen Satu , Määttä Leena , Alatarvas Tuomas , Röning Juha
Published: July 2020

Non-metallic inclusions, especially large or clustered inclusions, in steel are usually harmful. Thus, the microscopic analysis of test specimens is an important part of the quality control. This steel purity analysis produces a large amount of individual inclusion information for each test specimen. The interpretation of the results is laborious and the comparison of larger product groups practically impossible. The purpose of this study was to develop an easy-to-use tool for automatic interpretation of the SEM analysis to differentiate clustered and large inclusions information from the manifold individual inclusion information. Because of the large variety of the potential users, the tool needs to be applicable for any steel grade and application, both for liquid and final product specimen, to analyse automatically steel specimen inclusions, especially inclusion clusters, based on the INCA Feature program produced data from SEM/EDS. The developed tool can be used to improve the controlling of the steel purity or for automatic production of new inclusion cluster features that can be utilised further in quality prediction models, for example.
Hands-on Learning In STEM: Revisiting Educational Robotics as a Learning Style Precursor
Authors: Budiyanto Cucuk , Fitriyaningsih Regina Nur , Kamal Faiz , Ariyuana Rosihan , Efendi Agus
Published: July 2020

The importance of learning style in student’s learning performance has been gaining scholar’s attention since it was coined in the early 70s. Atmatzidou’s robotics procedure of a five-stages robotic activities was deployed in the research. This study adopts a case study research design for gathering and analyzing data as the case research allows the exploration of unforeseen phenomena and offers insights into the interdependencies among components revealed in the study. This research introduces the use of Lego Mindstorm as the mean of pro-filing a student’s behavioral patterns. Student’s behavior patterns, then, mapped into radar charts to present the extent of both Kolb and science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM)’s profile of student’s learning style categories. The paper contributes to theory by extending Kolb’s Learning Style instrument by mapping the pattern of learning styles identified in the research and exploring students learning experience. Dominant four-domain-indicators captured during the activities characterize Students’ learning profiles. While the Kolb Learning Style and its instrument are considered classic in hands-on literature, the use of educational robotics to elaborate students’ learning style is novel in the literature that may affect the delivery of non-technology subjects in the curricula.
An overview of current safety requirements for autonomous machines – review of standards
Authors: Tiusanen Risto , Malm Timo , Ronkainen Ari
Published: July 2020

The development of automated work machine systems towards autonomous operation is proceeding rapidly in different industrial sectors. The aim of the study was to explore the current situation and possible differences in standardization supporting the development in different industrial sectors. The existing ISO and IEC standards and work items related to autonomous machinery were reviewed as well as activities in international industry groups regarding automation and autonomy of machinery.

In general, the current standards are made mostly for machine manufacturers, but the views or responsibilities at worksite level are not considered. Three different approaches for safety concepts for different operating conditions were identified. One of them relies on onboard safety systems including sensor and perception systems for indoor applications. One guides to separate and isolate the autonomously operating machinery and to use access control to the autonomous operating zone. The third one is relying mainly on the machine operator’s ability to understand the situation and to react correctly according to the available information.

From technology point of view there seems to be a gap between the safety requirements set in standards and the state of the art in currently available technology.
Tailoring the morphology of poly(high internal phase emulsions) synthesized by using deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Huerta-Marcial Silvia T. , Mota-Morales Josué D.
Published: July 2020

High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) are among complex biphasic fluids that expand on the traditional emulsion compositions, for instance, for the preparation of macroporous polymers by emulsion templating. The use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as the nonaqueous internal phase of HIPEs allows expanding the conditions at which polymerizations are typically carried out in aqueous HIPEs. Herein, the properties of polystyrene macroporous polymers were studied by polymerizing DES-in-oil HIPEs using choline chloride-based DESs as the internal phase. The effect of DESs’ composition – with amide, alcohol, and carboxylic acid as hydrogen bond donors – and the homogenization method used for the HIPE preparation – vortexing versus high-speed homogenizer – was studied. The stability and droplet size of HIPE precursor, as well as the macroporous structure and the mechanical properties of the synthesized polyHIPEs, are discussed.
The COVID-19 Crisis: Policy Recommendations for Japan
Authors: Yoshino Naoyuki , Hendriyetty Nella
Published: July 2020

Japan economy is dominated by Small and Medium enterprises. It covers around 99.7% of all enterprises operated in Japan and employs around 70% of the working population and account for a large portion of economic output. But, like other SMEs in the world, they also the ones that have hardly hit by COVID-19 quarantine and business closures. Japanese government made emergency loans and credit guarantee to assist SMEs. However, moral hazard problems of banks and SMEs have to be remedied. In the capital market, many investors take risk-averse behavior to anticipate further measures. Infrastructure investments are most needed in Asian region yet finance for infrastructure investments would face with shortage of funds due to low rate of return and risks. Private financing by long term investors such as pension funds and insurance better be directed to support infrastructure investment. Spillover tax revenues could be partly directed to increase the rate of return. The Japanese economy faces with aging population which would widen fiscal deficits unless postponement of retirement age and productivity-based wage rate rather than seniority wage rate facing with this crisis. Therefore, Japan government need to look into innovative policies options for sustainable economic growth.
Zu Erscheinungsformen und Funktionen der Musik in polnischen Volksmärchen
Authors: Grzywka Katarzyna
Published: July 2020

Das Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrages ist es, die Erscheinungsformen der Musik und ihre Funktionen in polnischen Volksmärchen aufzuzeigen. Das Untersuchungsmaterial besteht aus 113 eigentlichen Märchen aus Oskar Kolbergs Gesamtwerk (poln. Dzieła wszystkie Oskara Kolberga), der bisher vollständigsten Ausgabe der Regionalmonographien zur Volkskultur der einzelnen historischen Gebiete Polens vor den drei Teilungen des Landes in der zweiten Hälfte des achtzehnten Jahrhunderts. Diese einzigartige Publikation wird seit 1857 herausgegeben und wird 86 Bände umfassen.
Klimaschutz als Gestaltungsaufgabe für die Zivilgesellschaft
Authors: Klein Ansgar , Schwalb Lilian , Ruhbaum Charlotte , Fricke Caroline , Grotewold Lars
Published: July 2020

Die Herausgeber*innen des Themenschwerpunkts reflektieren die aktuelle klimapolitische Debatte und erörtern insbesondere den Beitrag zivilgesellschaftlicher Akteure. Dabei wird besonderes Augenmerk auf thematische Verknüpfungen, Vernetzungspotentiale und mögliche neue Akteurskoalitionen gelegt. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser klimapolitischen Zwischenbilanz gibt der Beitrag einen Überblick über Konzeption und Beiträge des vorliegenden Themenschwerpunkts.
Bürgerbeteiligung in der Klimapolitik: Erfahrungen, Grenzen und Aussichten
Authors: Renn Ortwin
Published: July 2020

In demokratischen Gesellschaften sind weitreichende Politikmaßnahmen wie zur Energiewende oder zum Klimaschutz auf eine breite Legitimation im politischen Raum angewiesen. Je komplexer die Materie ist, desto schwieriger ist es, den notwendigen Grundkonsens für eine ambitionierte Klimapolitik zu erzielen. Legitimation ist dabei nicht nur auf eine überzeugende und den Werten und Interessen der gesellschaftlichen Akteure entsprechende Kommunikation angewiesen, sondern vor allem auch auf eine aktive Beteiligung der Akteure und der betroffenen Bürger*innen an der Gestaltung und Umsetzung klimapolitischer Maßnahmen. Für den Bereich Klimaschutz ist dabei eine Kombination aus analytischen, vor allem wissenschaftlichen Expertisen, und deliberativen, auf Argumenten aufbauenden Abwägungsprozessen zwischen konfligierenden Werten und Interessen besonders geeignet, um der Komplexität des Themas gerecht zu werden und gleichzeitig die pluralen Werte und Abwägungskriterien zu berücksichtigen. Solche analytisch-deliberativen Prozesse setzen eine Prozessstruktur voraus, in der organisierte Interessengruppen gemeinsam mit Repräsentanten der betroffenen Bürgerschaft die Ausgangssituation definieren, das Für und Wider von Lösungsoptionen diskutieren und zu einer möglichst gemeinsam getragenen Empfehlung an die legitimen politischen Entscheidungsträger*innen gelangen.
Unternehmerischer Klimaschutz im Zeichen von Corona
Authors: Nallinger Sabine
Published: July 2020

Die Stiftung 2° ist eine Initiative von Vorstandsvorsitzenden, Geschäftsführern und Familienunternehmern mit Sitz in Berlin. Ziel ist es, die Politik zur Etablierung effektiver marktwirtschaftlicher Rahmenbedingungen für den Klimaschutz aufzufordern und die Lösungskompetenz deutscher Unternehmen zu unterstützen. Benannt ist die Stiftung nach ihrem wichtigsten Ziel: die durchschnittliche globale Erderwärmung auf deutlich unter zwei Grad Celsius zu beschränken. Die Unterstützer der Stiftung sind: AIDA Cruises, ALDI SÜD Dienstleistungs-GmbH & Co. oHG, DAIKIN Airconditioning Germany GmbH, Deutsche Bahn AG, DEUTSCHE ROCKWOOL, Deutsche Telekom AG, Deutsche Wohnen SE, EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG, Gegenbauer Holding SE & Co. KG, GLS Gemeinschaftsbank eG, GOLDBECK GmbH, Interseroh/ALBA, Otto Group, OTTO FUCHS KG, PUMA SE, Salzgitter AG, Schüco International KG, Schwäbisch Hall-Stiftung bauen-wohnen-leben, thyssenkrupp AG sowie Union Investment.
Die „Kohlekommission“ aus zivilgesellschaftlicher Perspektive
Authors: Grothus Antje , Setton Daniela
Published: July 2020

Die von der Bundesregierung im Juni 2018 eingesetzte Expertenkommission zum Kohleausstieg und dem damit einhergehenden Strukturwandel zog enormes öffentliches Interesse auf sich. Trotz des komplexen Mandats und der breiten Zusammensetzung gelang es dem Beratungsgremium, an dem auch Umweltverbände und Bürgerinitiativen aus den Tagebauregionen beteiligt waren, einen Kompromiss zu erzielen, der allerdings in der Klimabewegung umstritten ist. Dieser Beitrag zeigt anhand der Erfahrungen der Kohlekommission auf, vor welchen Herausforderungen und Chancen zivilgesellschaftliche Akteure bei der Mitarbeit in solchen Regierungsgremien stehen und unter welchen Bedingungen sich dabei das partizipative Potenzial realisieren lässt. Daraus werden Empfehlungen für zukünftige Expertenkommissionen abgeleitet, um die Rahmenbedingungen für die zivilgesellschaftliche Beteiligung zu verbessern.
Impact of interpolation techniques on the accuracy of large-scale digital elevation model
Authors: Habib Maan , Alzubi Yazan , Malkawi Ahmad , Awwad Mohammad
Published: July 2020

There is no doubt that the tremendous development of information technology was one of the driving factors behind the great growth of surveying and geodesy science. This has spawned modern geospatial techniques for data capturing, acquisition, and visualization tools. Digital elevation model (DEM) is the 3D depiction of continuous elevation data over the Earth’s surface that is produced through many procedures such as remote sensing, photogrammetry, and land surveying. DEMs are essential for various surveying and civil engineering applications to generate topographic maps for construction projects at a scale that varies from 1:500 to 1:2,000. GIS offers a powerful tool to create a DEM with high resolution from accurate land survey measurements using interpolation methods. The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of estimation techniques on generating a reliable and accurate DEM suitable for large-scale mapping. As a part of this study, the deterministic interpolation algorithms such as ANUDEM (Topo to Raster), inverse distance weighted (IDW), and triangulated irregular network (TIN) were tested using the ArcGIS desktop for elevation data obtained from real total station readings, with different landforms to show the effect of terrain roughness, data density, and interpolation process on DEM accuracy. Furthermore, comparison and validation of each interpolator were carried out through the cross-validation method and numerous graphical representations of the DEM. Finally, the results of the investigations showed that ANUDEM and TIN models are similar and significantly better than those attained from IDW.
Effect of 2CaO·SiO2 particles addition on dephosphorization behavior
Authors: Deng Aijun , Xia Yunjin , Li Jie , Fan Dingdong
Published: July 2020

The effect of the addition of 2CaO·SiO2 solid particles on dephosphorization behavior in carbon-saturated hot metal was investigated. The research results showed that the addition of 2CaO·SiO2 particles have little influence on desilication and demanganization, and the removal of [Si] and [Mn] occurred in the first 5 min with different conditions where the contents of 2CaO·SiO2 particles addition for the conditions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are 0, 2.2, 6.4, 8.6, and 13.0 g, respectively. The final dephosphorization ratios for the conditions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are 61.2%, 66.9%, 79.6%, 63.0%, and 78.1%, respectively. The dephosphorization ratio decreases with the increase of 2CaO·SiO2 particles in the first 3 min. The reason for this is that the dephosphorization process between hot metal and slag containing C2S phase consisted of two stages: Stage 1, [P] transfers from hot metal to liquid slag and Stage 2, the dephosphorization production (3CaO·P2O5) in liquid slag reacts with 2CaO·SiO2 to form C2S–C3P solid solution. The increase of 2CaO·SiO2 particles increases the viscosity of slag and weakens the dephosphorization ability of the stage 1. The SEM and XRD analyses show that the phase of dephosphorization slag with the addition of different 2CaO·SiO2 particles is composed of white RO phase, complex liquid silicate phase, and black solid phase (C2S or C2S–C3P). Because the contents of C2S–C3P and 2CaO·SiO2 in slag and the dephosphorization ability of the two stages are different, the dephosphorization ability with different conditions is different.
Perspektiven
Authors: Schmich Niklas
Published: July 2020

This article is based on the correspondence between the first editors of the German cultural magazine Merkur (since 1947) and the Spanish philosopher José Ortega y Gasset, archived in the Deutsches Literaturarchiv Marbach. By taking a comparative approach to the journal Revista de Occidente (since 1923) and the Merkur, this article explores how the publications reacted to their reception of crisis in different European cultures and thereby promoted a particular idea of European and national intellectual renewal. This was a crucial dynamic of their respective post-war discourses. An important link was the romance philologist Ernst Robert Curtius, who published in the Spanish magazine and whose critical essayistic work set in motion a transfer of ideas from the South to the North.
Die Zeitschrift als Medium des Vergleich(en)s
Authors: Lorenzen Malte
Published: July 2020

Magazines bring together heterogeneous texts – texts various in content, genre, and authorship. This affects the ways magazines produce knowledge. They not only accumulate individual articles but in doing so also offer the possibility to compare between the articles. Using examples from German World War I magazines, this paper demonstrates the comparative epistemological potential of the magazine.
‘Selfie’- boon or a bane? A study from a private medical college in Southern India
Authors: Spoorthi V. , Holla Ramesh , Malavat Hitesh Krishna , Ismail Simrin , Kappettu Sudesh Kumar , Kamineni Venkata Seshu
Published: July 2020

Background

Taking selfies is spreading like a mania across the globe. It may positively or negatively affect the self-esteem of an individual.

Objective

The present study was undertaken to assess the proportion of medical undergraduates and teaching faculty involved in taking selfies, to compare the pattern of selfie taking among medical undergraduates and teaching faculty and to assess the self-esteem score among them.

Subjects

The subject consisted of medical undergraduates and teaching faculty of Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out. A semi-structured questionnaire was prepared. Self-esteem was assessed by using the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. Information obtained was analyzed using SPSS 11.5.

Results

The study included 366 participants of the study population. The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale conclude that 96% of the faculty and 84% of the students have normal self-esteem. Around 52.73% of them agree that they find selfie taking can be addictive, 43.72% of them agree that selfie taking can have disastrous effects, sometimes even life threatening and 57.92% of them agree that they enjoy the habit of selfie taking and find entertainment in it.

Conclusion

It was found that most undergraduates and teaching faculty indulge in the act of selfie taking. Students tend to take selfies to share their current lifestyle, whereas faculty take selfies for convenience. It is found that selfies does not affect the self-esteem of an individual as the majority of the population were found to have normal self-esteem.
Global dissipativity and exponential synchronization of mixed time-varying delays neural networks with discontinuous activations
Authors: Fei Kaifang , Jiang Minghui , Yan Meng , Liu Weizhen
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the matters of dissipativity and synchronization for non-autonomous Hopfield neural networks with discontinuous activations are investigated. Firstly, under the framework of extending Filippov differential inclusion theory, several effective new criteria are derived. The global dissipativity of Filippov solution to neural networks is proved by using generalized Halanay inequality and matrix measure method. Secondly, the global exponential synchronization of the addressed network drive system and the response system is realized by utilizing inequality and some analysis techniques and designing the discontinuous state feedback controller. Finally, several numerical examples are given to verify the validity of the theoretical results.
Conditions for the local and global asymptotic stability of the time–fractional Degn–Harrison system
Authors: Mezhoud Rachida , Saoudi Khaled , Zaraï Abderrahmane , Abdelmalek Salem
Published: July 2020

Fractional calculus has been shown to improve the dynamics of differential system models and provide a better understanding of their dynamics. This paper considers the time–fractional version of the Degn–Harrison reaction–diffusion model. Sufficient conditions are established for the local and global asymptotic stability of the model by means of invariant rectangles, the fundamental stability theory of fractional systems, the linearization method, and the direct Lyapunov method. Numerical simulation results are used to illustrate the theoretical results.
Amine-modified kaolinite clay preserved thyroid function and renal oxidative balance after sub-acute exposure in rats
Authors: Otuechere Chiagoziem A. , Adewuyi Adewale , Avwioroko Oghenetega J. , Olajide Ebunoluwa P. , Fadoju Beatrice O.
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Kaolinite clay is an abundant natural resource in Nigeria with several industrial applications. Incidentally, the wide-scale use of kaolinite clay is hampered by its small surface area. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of amine-modified clay on electrolyte, thyroid, and kidney function markers.

Methods

Modification of kaolinite clay with an amine functional group was achieved using surface grafting technique. Characterization with a scanning electron microscope and Brunauer-Emmett Teller surface area analyzer confirmed this modification. However, there is sparse information on the effect of amine-modified kaolinite clay on electrolyte homeostasis, thyroid, and renal function. Rats were administered amine-modified kaolinite clay at the doses of 1, 2, and 5 mg/kg body weight.

Results

After 14 days of repeated-dose treatment, there were no significant changes in levels of albumin, uric acid, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, ratio of triiodothyronine to thyroxine, and relative kidney organ weight. Furthermore, there were no changes in the concentration of potassium, although amine-modified kaolinite clay significantly decreased sodium, calcium, and total cholesterol levels. Amine-modified kaolinite clay, at all treatment doses, also preserved the renal histoarchitecture and oxidative balance in rats.

Conclusions

This study reports on the effect of amine-modified kaolinite clay on renal markers and thyroid function, and further deepens our understanding of their biochemical action. This baseline data may boost the prospect of using amine-modified kaolinite clay in the treatment of contaminated water.
Strategies in traditional Persian medicine to maintain a healthy life in the elderly
Authors: Shakeri Afsaneh , Hashempur Mohammad Hashem , Beigomi Alireza , Khiveh Ali , Nejatbakhsh Fatemeh , Zohalinezhad Mohammad Ebrahim , Emtiazy Majid
Published: July 2020

As time goes on, a greater number of people experience an age of more than 60 years old and subsequently geriatric syndromes are increasingly more common. Despite recent improvements in modern healthy living, literature on traditional Persian medicine (TPM) about the prevention and treatment of such syndromes and healthy living of the elderly is hardly known. We aimed, in this study, to explore some traditional Persian sources and briefly explain their writers' beliefs on keeping healthy living for old people. We used several TPM sources and literature, and then based on these texts, we collected issues about geriatric temperament and syndromes and classified the results including exercise, nutrition, massage, bathing, aromatherapy, and sleeping. Our search yielded some recommendations about a healthy lifestyle for the elderly, which are in fact equivalent to primary, secondary, and tertiary preventive measures in modern medicine. Our results also showed that they believed such modifications would help the elderly to improve their geriatric conditions. In general, TPM provides some pieces of advice to prevent and treat geriatric syndromes that may be helpful in practice although the scope of their effectiveness remains to be examined in carefully designed randomized controlled trials.
Efficacy of Qurs-e-Gulnar in Ziabetus (type 2 Diabetes Mellitus): a single blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Eqbal Khalid , Alam Md. Anzar , Quamri Mohd Aleemuddin , Sofi Ghulamuddin , Ahmad Bhat Muzafar Din
Published: July 2020

Background and objectives

Diabetes is a serious threat to global health that respects neither socioeconomic status nor national boundaries. Globally, diabetes is among the top 10 causes of death. Unani system argued the effectiveness of several anti-hyperglycemic drugs, and all such drugs looked-for to be validated on scientifically. Hence a clinical trial was contemplated to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Qurs-e-Gulnar in the management of Diabetes Mellitus.

Methods

This study was conducted as single blind randomized control, on 40 patients of type 2 diabetes with the test (n=20) and control (n=20) groups for 45 days. Test group received Qurs-e-Gulnar at the dose of three Qurs twice a day, and control group received two capsules Diabeat® twice a day before meal. Subjective (at 0, 15th, 30th, and 45th) and objective parameters were assessed as pre-post treatment respectively.

Results

After treatment with test compound significant reduction was observed in all the subjective parameters viz. polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and tiredness in comparison of control group. The objective parameters FBS and PPBS was found to be significantly reduced (p<0.001) in both the groups where as HbA1c was found unchanged in test group but control drug showed highly significant reduction in HbA1c (p<0.001).The results were assessed statistically using two tailed Student’s t-test, and Fischer exact test.

Conclusion

On the basis of above observation it is concluded that the test compound Qurs-e-Gulnar has significant anti-diabetic effect which is evidentially observed both in subjective and objective parameters in test group in comparison of control group (CTRI/2017/07/009060).