bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Optimal Spectral Sampling for a Real-Time Global Cloud Analysis Model
Authors: d’Entremont Robert P. , Lynch Richard , Uymin Gennadi , Moncet Jean-Luc , Aschbrenner Ryan B. , Conner Mark , Gustafson Gary B.
Published: March 2016

The Cloud Depiction and Forecast System version 2 (CDFS II) is the operational global cloud analysis and forecasting model of the 557th Weather Wing, formerly the U.S. Air Force Weather Agency. The CDFS II cloud-detection algorithms are threshold-based tests that compare satellite-observed multispectral reflectance and brightness temperature signatures with those expected for the clear atmosphere. User-prescribed quantitative differences between sensor observations and the expected clear-scene radiances denote cloudy pixels. These radiances historically have been modeled at 24-km resolution from a running 10-day statistical analysis of cloud-free pixels that requires the entire global cloud analysis to be executed twice in real time: once in operational cloud detection mode and a second time in a cloud-clearing mode that is designed explicitly for generating clear-scene statistics. Having to run the cloud analysis twice means the availability of fewer compute cycles for other operational models and requires costly interactive maintenance of distinct cloud-detection and cloud-clearing threshold sets. Additionally, this technique breaks down whenever a region is persistently cloudy. These problems are eliminated by means of the optimal spectral sampling (OSS) radiative transfer model of Moncet et al., optimized for execution in the CDFS run-time environment. OSS is particularly well suited for real-time remote sensing applications because of its user-tunable computational speed and numerical accuracy, with respect to a reference line-by-line model. The use of OSS has cut cloud model processing times in half, eliminated the influence of cloudy pixel artifacts in the statistical time series prescription of cloud-cleared radiances, and improved cloud-mask quality.
Analysis of Ice-to-Liquid Ratios during Freezing Rain and the Development of an Ice Accumulation Model
Authors: Sanders Kristopher J. , Barjenbruch Brian L.
Published: March 2016

Substantial freezing rain or drizzle occurs in about 24% of winter weather events in the continental United States. Proper preparation for these freezing rain events requires accurate forecasts of ice accumulation on various surfaces. The Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) has become the primary surface weather observation system in the United States, and more than 650 ASOS sites have implemented an icing sensor as of March 2015. ASOS observations that included ice accumulation were examined from January 2013 through February 2015. The data chosen for this study consist of 60-min periods of continuous freezing rain with precipitation rates ≥ 0.5 mm h−1 (0.02 in. h−1) and greater than a trace of ice accumulation, yielding a dataset of 1255 h of observations. Ice:liquid ratios (ILRs) were calculated for each 60-min period and analyzed with 60-min mean values of temperature, wet-bulb temperature, wind speed, and precipitation rate. The median ILR for elevated horizontal (radial) ice accumulation was 0.72:1 (0.28:1), with a 25th percentile of 0.50:1 (0.20:1) and a 75th percentile of 1.0:1 (0.40:1). Strong relationships were identified between ILR and precipitation rate, wind speed, and wet-bulb temperature. The results were used to develop a multivariable Freezing Rain Accumulation Model (FRAM) for use in predicting ice accumulation incorporating these commonly forecast variables as input. FRAM performed significantly better than other commonly used forecast methods when tested on 20 randomly chosen icing events, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.17 mm (0.046 in.), and a bias of −0.03 mm (−0.001 in.).
The acquisition of parenting occupations in neonatal intensive care: A preliminary perspective
Authors: Gibbs Deanna P. , Boshoff Kobie , Stanley Mandy J.
Published: March 2016

Background.

The birth of a preterm infant represents a major crisis for parents that may impact their performance of parenting occupations.

Purpose.

The purpose of the study was to explore the experiences that enable parents to participate in occupations associated with the role of parenting in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Method.

A paradigmatic analysis of narratives was completed based on interviews conducted with six parents of preterm infants.

Findings.

Six themes were identified: anticipating occupations versus reality, needing emotional resilience, working to reclaim the parental role, navigating the NICU occupation–environment transactions, building and maintaining relationships with staff, and revisioning the future.

Implications.

The use of an occupation-based approach moves parents’ involvement in the NICU beyond basic caregiving occupations. It highlights the importance of providing opportunities for nurturing and caring for their infants in ways that are meaningful to their identity as a parent.
Traduction et validation du questionnaire ergothérapique l’Inventaire de l’équilibre de vie
Authors: Larivière Nadine , Levasseur Mélanie
Published: March 2016

Description.

Malgré l’intérêt que le concept de l’équilibre de vie suscite, aucun questionnaire n’est actuellement disponible en français pour bien le mesurer.

But.

Cette étude visait à traduire le Life Balance Inventory (objectif 1) et à vérifier la validité convergente de cette version française (objectif 2).

Méthodologie.

Une validation transculturelle a d’abord été réalisée, suivie d’une étude descriptive transversale auprès de 152 adultes âgés de 40 ans et plus, avec ou sans incapacité physique. Des questionnaires ont permis de mesurer les variables suivantes : équilibre de vie, stress, santé et qualité de vie.

Résultats.

Un meilleur équilibre de vie est associé à un degré inférieur de stress ( r = –0,36; p < 0,01), ainsi qu’à une santé physique ( r = 0,42; p = 0,01), une santé mentale ( r = 0,36; p = 0,01) et une qualité de vie ( r = 0,54; p < 0,01) supérieures.

Conséquences.

L’Inventaire de l’équilibre de vie est un questionnaire valide pour aider les ergothérapeutes à évaluer l’emploi du temps de leurs clients.
Test–Retest Reliability of Detection Time Data Measured Using a Masseter Electromyogram in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Miyaoka Satomi , Miyaoka Yozo
Published: March 2016

Few studies have assessed test–retest reliability of flavor detection time in semisolid and solid foods. In this study, test–retest reliability was assessed in 16 healthy young adults (22.6 ± 5.5 years old) on the data collected using a masseter electromyography-based system between two experimental sessions approximately 35 days apart. The overall correlation coefficients were calculated across five test foods; the correlation coefficient for the entire sample was statistically significant. Five correlation coefficients were calculated for individual test foods, but only orange-flavored gummy candy was significantly correlated across the two sessions. These results suggested that flavor detection time measured by the electromyography-based system is basically reliable over time, with considerable variation among flavors.
Using police bicycle patrols to manage social order in bicycle and pedestrian traffic networks
Authors: Rantatalo Oscar
Published: March 2016

This article examines how bicycle police units perceive their impact on social norms of rule compliance and risk behaviours in bicycle and pedestrian traffic networks. Using qualitative methods, a police bicycle patrol was analysed. Findings indicate that bicycle patrols are promising as an innovative measure to target bicycle and pedestrian traffic enforcement. Police reported that the bicycle patrol allowed increased accessibility and that police presence on bicycles had a positive normative impact on the behaviours of bike riders and pedestrians. The discussion encompasses the way in which bicycle patrol units hold important tacit knowledge of street life that could play a key role in policy making.
“A Great School Benefits Us All”: Advantaged Parents and the Gentrification of an Urban Public School
Authors: Freidus Alexandra
Published: March 2016

Middle-class, professional, and White families in gentrifying cities are increasingly choosing neighborhood public schools. As critical consumers of public education, these families frequently bring not only new resources to schools but also new demands. This article examines the process of “school gentrification” by analyzing the discourse of a neighborhood parents’ listserv. I find that as they worked to make their local public school “great,” advantaged parents performed the role of careful investors, defined themselves as the source of the school’s potential value, and marginalized low-income families and families of color. These findings raise important questions about educational equity for both educational researchers and urban school and district leaders.
Emotions and home-making: Performing cosmopolitan sociability among first generation new Chinese migrants in New Zealand
Authors: Wang Bingyu
Published: March 2016

Emotions matter in home-making, and this is particularly true in migration. Drawing upon qualitative research with 35 first generation new Chinese migrants in New Zealand, this article explores how emotions intersect with home-making and its role in generating “cosmopolitan sociability.” Migrants invest in “emotional labor” to engage in cosmopolitan sociability in order to form new relationship networks, rebuild comfort points and generate a sense of home. For the Chinese migrants in this research, emotional dissonance generated from the early settlement period and everyday encounters have disrupted their opportunities for performing cosmopolitan sociability and feeling at home in a transnational setting.
Oral Steroid Usage for Otitis Media with Effusion, Eustachian Tube Dysfunction, and Tympanic Membrane Retraction
Authors: Bellmunt Angela M. , Vila Peter M. , Chen Jenny X. , Rosenfeld Richard M. , Hackell Jesse M. , Shin Jennifer J.
Published: March 2016

Objectives

Avoiding oral steroids for otitis media with effusion (OME) is endorsed as a performance measure by the National Quality Foundation, but data regarding current gaps and practice patterns are lacking. Our objectives were to evaluate oral steroid use for OME and the related diagnoses of eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) and tympanic membrane retraction (TMR), to assess variations by visit setting, and to identify opportunities for measurable performance improvement.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional analysis of a national database.

Setting

Ambulatory visits in the United States.

Subjects

Children and adults in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (2005‐2010).

Methods

Data were coded for patient demographic information, potential confounders (eg, concurrent conditions managed by oral steroids), and diagnosis of OME, ETD, or TMR (OME/ETD/TMR). The latter 2 diagnoses were included to meet minimum numbers for reliability of weighted estimates, but OME constituted the majority of cases. Multivariate regression was used to determine the variables associated with oral steroid use.

Results

Among 590,772 observations representing 7,191,711,480 visits for OME/ETD/TMR, 3.2% resulted in a new prescription for oral steroid medication (2.3% for children, 7.0% for adults). Adults were more likely to receive steroids (odds ratio = 3.50, P <. 001) than those with other diagnoses, but a similar association was not found for children. Patients seen by an otolaryngologist or in the emergency department were less likely to receive steroids than those seen in other settings.

Conclusions

OME/ETD/TMR is infrequently treated with oral steroids, particularly in children. Opportunities for performance improvement are limited.
Black Placemaking: Celebration, Play, and Poetry
Authors: Hunter Marcus Anthony , Pattillo Mary , Robinson Zandria F. , Taylor Keeanga-Yamahtta
Published: March 2016

Using Chicago as our case, this article puts forth a notion of black placemaking that privileges the creative, celebratory, playful, pleasurable, and poetic experiences of being black and being around other black people in the city. Black placemaking refers to the ways that urban black Americans create sites of endurance, belonging, and resistance through social interaction. Our framework offers a corrective to existing accounts that depict urban blacks as bounded, plagued by violence, victims and perpetrators, unproductive, and isolated from one another and the city writ large. While ignoring neither the external assaults on black spaces nor the internal dangers that can make everyday life difficult, we highlight how black people make places in spite of those realities. Our four cases – the black digital commons, black public housing reunions, black lesbian and gay nightlife, and black Little League baseball – elucidate the matter of black lives across genders, sexualities, ages, classes, and politics.
A new non-tumescent endovenous ablation method for varicose vein treatment: Early results of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (VariClose®)
Authors: Yasim Alptekin , Eroglu Erdinc , Bozoglan Orhan , Mese Bulent , Acipayam Mehmet , Kara Hakan
Published: March 2016

Objective

This report aims to present the early results of a retrospective study of the use of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (VariClose®)-based non-tumescent endovenous ablation for the treatment of patients with varicose veins.

Method

One hundred and eighty patients with varicose veins due to incompetent saphenous veins were treated with the VariClose® endovenous ablation method between May 2014 and November 2014. The patient sample consisted of 86 men and 94 women, with a mean age of 47.7 ± 11.7 years. The patients had a great saphenous vein diameter greater than 5.5 mm and a small saphenous vein diameter greater than 4 mm in conjunction with reflux for more than 0.5 s. Patients with varicose veins were evaluated with venous duplex examination, Clinical, Etiological, Anatomical and Pathophysiological classification (CEAP), and their Venous Clinical Severity Scores were recorded.

Results

The median CEAP score of patients was three, and the saphenous vein diameters were between 5.5 and 14 mm (mean of 7.7 ± 2.1 mm). A percutaneous entry was made under local anesthesia to the great saphenous vein in 169 patients and to the small saphenous vein in 11 patients. Duplex examination immediately after the procedure showed closure of the treated vein in 100% of the treated segment. No complications were observed. The mean follow-up time was 5.5 months (ranging from three to seven months). Recanalization was not observed in any of the patients during follow-up. The average Venous Clinical Severity Scores was 10.2 before the procedure and decreased to 3.9 after three months (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The application of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (VariClose®) is an effective method for treating varicose veins; it yielded a high endovenous closure rate, with no need for tumescent anesthesia. However, long-term results are currently unknown.
Climate Scientists Virtually Unanimous
Authors: Powell James Lawrence
Published: March 2016

The extent of the consensus among scientists on anthropogenic global warming (AGW) has the potential to influence public opinion and the attitude of political leaders and thus matters greatly to society. The history of science demonstrates that if we wish to judge the level of a scientific consensus and whether the consensus position is likely to be correct, the only reliable source is the peer-reviewed literature. During 2013 and 2014, only 4 of 69,406 authors of peer-reviewed articles on global warming, 0.0058% or 1 in 17,352, rejected AGW. Thus, the consensus on AGW among publishing scientists is above 99.99%, verging on unanimity. The U.S. House of Representatives holds 40 times as many global warming rejecters as are found among the authors of scientific articles. The peer-reviewed literature contains no convincing evidence against AGW.
Differential expression of circulating microRNAs in blood and haematoma samples from patients with intracerebral haemorrhage
Authors: Wang Jialu , Zhu Ying , Jin Feng , Tang Ling , He Zhenwei , He Zhiyi
Published: March 2016

Objective

To measure the differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in peripheral blood samples from patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and to measure the levels of hsa-miR-21-5p in peripheral blood and haematoma samples from patients with ICH.

Methods

This case–control study enrolled individuals with ICH in the putamen treated by craniotomy and age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Serum miRNA expression profiles were determined in the patient and control groups using miRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays. The ICH-related miRNA hsa-miR-21-5p was selected and its differential expression was assessed in peripheral blood and haematoma specimens from patients with ICH compared with peripheral blood samples controls using real-time PCR.

Results

Seven patients and five control subjects were included in the miRNA expression profile analysis; and 31 patients and 22 control subjects provided samples for the real-time PCR of hsa-miR-21-5p expression. A total of 59 miRNAs were significantly downregulated in patients with ICH. Relative hsa-miR-21-5p levels of 0.43 and 0.31 for peripheral blood and haematoma samples, respectively, were obtained in the patient group compared with the control subjects.

Conclusion

Hsa-miR-21-5p levels were significantly reduced in both peripheral blood and haematoma samples in patients with ICH.
Effects of different anaesthetics on cytokine levels in children with community-acquired pneumonia undergoing flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy
Authors: Chen Lin , Cheng Jing , Wang Yan-Lin
Published: March 2016

Objective

To determine the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on cytokine levels in children with community-acquired pneumonia undergoing flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FFB).

Method

Children with community-acquired pneumonia were randomly assigned to receive 3–5 mg/kg propofol i.v. or 8% inhaled sevoflurane. Haemodynamic variables, stress hormone responses and serum cytokines were compared between the two groups.

Results

Out of 50 children aged 2–12 years (propofol, n = 25; sevoflurane, n = 25), there were no significant between-group differences in haemodynamic variables and stress hormones. Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 decreased significantly following FFB in both groups. IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the sevoflurane group than propofol group at 4 h and 1 d following FFB (61.3 ± 11.9 versus 82.6 ± 19.7 pg/ml; 52.8 ± 9.7 versus 75.4 ± 13.6 pg/ml, respectively). IL-10 levels in the sevoflurane group were significantly lower than in the propofol group at 1 d following FFB.

Conclusions

In children with community-acquired pneumonia, use of sevoflurane was associated with lower circulating IL-6 and IL-10 levels compared with propofol, following FFB. Pneumonia severity is reflected by higher blood cytokine levels, thus, sevoflurane may be more beneficial to recovery from community-acquired pneumonia than propofol, however further studies are required to test this hypothesis.
A Comparison of Midazolam, Lorazepam, and Diazepam for the Treatment of Status Epilepticus in Children
Authors: Zhao Zi-yu , Wang Hong-ying , Wen Bin , Yang Zhi-bo , Feng Kang , Fan Jing-chun
Published: March 2016

Midazolam, lorazepam, and diazepam were recommended as emergent initial therapy for status epilepticus. However, there are no current studies to confirm the best agent for pediatric status epilepticus. We compared the efficacy of midazolam, lorazepam, and diazepam in treating pediatric status epilepticus using a network meta-analysis method. In total, 16 randomized controlled trials containing 1821 patients were included. Nonintravenous midazolam, intravenous lorazepam, and intravenous diazepam were more successful in achieving seizure cessation when compared with nonintravenous diazepam (odds ratio = 2.23, 95% credibility interval: 1.62, 3.10; odds ratio = 2.71, 95% credibility interval: 1.25, 5.89; odds ratio = 2.65, 95% credibility interval: 1.12, 6.29; respectively). Among lorazepam, midazolam, and diazepam, midazolam had the highest probability (surface under the cumulative ranking area [SUCRA] = 0.792) of achieving seizure cessation, and lorazepam had the largest probability (surface under the cumulative ranking area = 0.4346) of being the best treatment in reduction of respiratory depression. In conclusion, nonintravenous midazolam and intravenous lorazepam were superior to intravenous or nonintravenous diazepam, and intravenous lorazepam was at least as effective as nonintravenous midazolam in treating pediatric status epilepticus.
Longitudinal Investigation of Depression, Intimate Partner Violence, and Supports Among Vulnerable Families
Authors: Ridings Leigh E. , Beasley Lana O. , Bohora Som B. , Daer Jennifer L. , Owora Arthur , Silovsky Jane
Published: March 2016

Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects nearly 12 million individuals and their families each year in the United States. Many negative outcomes are associated with IPV, with depression being one of the most prevalent mental health problems. Most previous studies on IPV have used cross-sectional designs to examine the potential protective effects of support on depression. The current study fills this gap by conducting a longitudinal investigation of the roles of social support and family resources on depression among caregivers of young children. The study sample consisted of 548 female caregivers. Findings suggest that among those with an IPV history, those with higher social support reported lower depressive symptoms than those with less social support. No significant interaction was found for family resources and IPV. Rather, family resources had a main effect on depressive symptoms with no differential impact based on IPV status. Findings suggest the importance of connecting vulnerable families to supports such as social support and family resources to help mitigate depressive symptoms. Future research should consider the underlying mechanisms of social support as a protective factor among IPV victims with depression.
Managing Conflicts in Urban Communities: Youth Attitudes Regarding Gun Violence
Authors: Milam Adam J. , Furr-Holden C. Debra , Leaf Philip , Webster Daniel
Published: March 2016

Gun violence remains a pressing public health concern, especially in high-risk urban environments. Community-level violence intervention efforts are being mounted in cities across the United States to prevent and reduce the most severe forms of violence. There is growing evidence to suggest the effectiveness of the Safe Streets Program/ Cure Violence as a community-based intervention to reduce homicides and shootings. The mechanism underlying the reductions in community violence is theorized to be linked with changes in attitudes toward violence as well as shifts in social norms related to violence and retaliation, but there are few tools to assess these domains. This preliminary investigation sought to establish the metric properties of the Survey on Attitudes About Guns and Shootings (SAGAS) with the goal of providing an empirical measure of attitudes and community-level norms. Males aged 18 to 24 were surveyed using the SAGAS in two high-violence communities in Baltimore, Maryland, using street intercept methodology. We found acceptable reliability and validity metrics for the SAGAS. Reliability and validity of the SAGAS were assessed using internal consistency and a latent class analysis with violent behavior outcomes. The internal consistency of the total scale was in the extensive range (α = .70-.79) and the internal consistency of the factors was in the exemplary range (α ≥ .80). In addition, latent classes of attitudes were predictive of being arrested or being shot. Future studies will examine if rates of violence decrease in neighborhoods targeted by the Safe Streets Program and the mediating role of attitudes toward gun violence using the SAGAS.
Ahead of the Curve: Implementation Challenges in Personalized Learning School Models
Authors: Bingham Andrea J. , Pane John F. , Steiner Elizabeth D. , Hamilton Laura S.
Published: March 2016

In the current educational context, school models that leverage technology to personalize instruction have proliferated, as has student enrollment in, and funding of, such school models. However, even the best laid plans are subject to challenges in design and practice, particularly in the dynamic context of a school. In this collective case study, we identify challenges, disruptions, and contradictions as they occur across schools engaged in implementing technology-mediated personalized learning. Using cultural historical activity theory—a theoretical framework concerned with the individual and contextual factors influencing school change—to frame the analysis, we also examine some of the structural and contextual sources of these disruptions and contradictions. Our findings enable us to offer recommendations for policymakers and for practitioners engaged in implementing personalized learning models, as well as directions for future research on this topic.
Qigong in Injured Military Service Members
Authors: Reb Anne Marie , Saum Nancy Seaby , Murphy Deborah Ann , Breckenridge-Sproat Sara Todd , Su Xiaogang , Bormann Jill Ellen
Published: March 2016

Background: Wounded, ill, and injured (WII) Military Service members experience significant stress and are at risk for developing chronic conditions including posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. Qigong, a meditative movement practice, may positively affect their ability to engage in successful rehabilitation. Purpose: We assessed the feasibility of Qigong practice in WII Service members returning from combat; effects on stress, sleep, and somatic symptoms; satisfaction; and participants’ experience with the practice. Design: Single-group, pre- and posttest, mixed methods approach. Method: Twenty-six WII were enrolled. The program was designed to include 20 classes over 10 weeks. Participants completed self-report questionnaires, practice logs, and an exit interview. Findings: Average attendance was 8.14 classes ( SD = 4.9); mean engagement was 5.7 ( SD = 3.5) weeks. Participants endorsed a high level of satisfaction with the practice. Qualitative themes included coping with stress; feeling more resilient and empowered; improvement in symptoms including sleep and physical function; and factors affecting practice. Participant-reported facilitators included accessibility and portability of the practice; barriers included scheduling conflicts and personal challenges. Participants recommended offering shorter programs with flexible scheduling options, increasing program awareness, and including significant others in future classes. Conclusion: Qigong was safe, portable, and easily adapted for WII Service members.
Stagnation pressure effect on Prandtl Meyer function for air
Authors: Salhi Merouane , Zebbiche Toufik , Mehalem Abderrahmane
Published: March 2016

When the stagnation pressure of a perfect gas increases, the specific heat and their ratio do not remain constant anymore and start to vary with this pressure. The gas does not stay perfect. Its state equation change and it becomes for a real gas. In this case, the effects of molecular size and intermolecular attraction forces intervene to correct the state equation, the thermodynamic parameters and the value of Prandtl Meyer function. The aim of this work is developing a new form of Prandtl Meyer function based on those assumptions; and determining the effect of stagnation pressure on this function. With the assumptions that Berthelot’s state equation accounts for molecular size and intermolecular force effects, expressions are developed for analysing the supersonic flow for thermally and calorically imperfect gas lower than the dissociation molecules threshold. The supersonic parameters depend directly on the stagnation parameters of the combustion chamber. The application is for air. A computation of error was made in this case to give a limit of the perfect gas and the high temperature models compared to the real gas model.
How You Use It Matters
Authors: Castelhano Monica S. , Witherspoon Richelle L.
Published: March 2016

How does one know where to look for objects in scenes? Objects are seen in context daily, but also used for specific purposes. Here, we examined whether an object’s function can guide attention during visual search in scenes. In Experiment 1, participants studied either the function (function group) or features (feature group) of a set of invented objects. In a subsequent search, the function group located studied objects faster than novel (unstudied) objects, whereas the feature group did not. In Experiment 2, invented objects were positioned in locations that were either congruent or incongruent with the objects’ functions. Search for studied objects was faster for function-congruent locations and hampered for function-incongruent locations, relative to search for novel objects. These findings demonstrate that knowledge of object function can guide attention in scenes, and they have important implications for theories of visual cognition, cognitive neuroscience, and developmental and ecological psychology.
Discourses of legitimation and loss of sons who stay behind
Authors: Trinidad Galván Ruth , Guevara Beltrán Maria Teresa
Published: March 2016

The increased exodus of more than one million Ecuadorians in the last decade means greater numbers of families and parents are separated from their loved ones and children. From oral life history interviews with sons, the authors address research on children who stay behind by focusing on the discourse of legitimation that sons of migrant Ecuadorian parents residing in Spain internalize and/or challenge. Utilizing critical discourse analysis (CDA) and more specifically Van Leeuwen’s legitimation strategies framework, the authors argue that while reproducing and rationalizing familial discourses of sacrifice and well-being, these young men’s narratives simultaneously express the language of loss and suffering.
Strategic Issues for Accenture Bangladesh: A Developing Country Perspective
Authors: Ahmed Jashim Uddin , Ameen MM Nawaz , Uddin Mohammad Jasim , Khan Tanvir Nabi
Published: March 2016

This case study was inspected to grasp the facets of information technology (IT) industry in Bangladesh by taking Accenture, a multinational management consulting, technology services and outsourcing company as a subject of study. The purpose was to determine the importance of technology and IT for economic agents, namely, countries, companies and customers. Rapid growth and increase in demand for internet technology in all layer of activities stimulated country-wide development in IT infrastructure. The concept of a digitalized Bangladesh was dedicated to prioritize the IT sector in order to precipitate concurrent business growth and to facilitate both domestic and international relationship with concerned institutions. The ideology was reflected on other industries as these industries began to rely on a great deal of IT support to implement their operational activities. In such an environment, the Accenture Bangladesh case discussed its long-term plans for expanding its business horizon in Bangladesh.
Book Review: James G. S. Clawson & Mark E. Haskins, Teaching Management: A Field Guide for Professors, Consultants, and Corporate Trainers
Authors: Gupta Nimit , Oommen Sona Sara
Published: March 2016

James G. S. Clawson & Mark E. Haskins, Teaching Management: A Field Guide for Professors, Consultants, and Corporate Trainers, 2016, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 510 pp., ₹ 3,997. ISBN-0521689864
Return-to-Work Program for Injured Workers
Authors: Awang Halimah , Shahabudin Sharifah Muhairah , Mansor Norma
Published: March 2016

This study examined the factors of successful return to employment among participants in the return to work program (RTW) following work-related injury. Data were obtained from the Social Security Organization database containing 9850 injured workers who underwent RTW in 2010 to 2013. About 65% had successfully returned to employment. Significant factors of successful return include gender, employer interest, motivation, age, intervention duration, and type of injury. Male and motivated employees were more likely to return to employment compared with female and unmotivated employees, respectively. Participants from interested employers were 23.22 times more likely to return to work than those from uninterested employers, whereas participants whose intervention period exceeded 5 months were 41% less likely to return to work compared with those whose intervention period was within 3 months. Appropriate strategy and enhanced collaboration between the stakeholders would improve the proportion of successful return to employment.
Endogenous dynamics of institutional change
Authors: DellaPosta Daniel , Nee Victor , Opper Sonja
Published: March 2016

A parsimonious set of mechanisms explains how and under which conditions behavioral deviations build into cascades that reshape institutional frameworks from the bottom up, even if institutional innovations initially conflict with the legally codified rules of the game. Specifically, we argue that this type of endogenous institutional change emerges from an interplay between three factors: the utility gain agents associate with decoupling from institutional equilibria, positive externalities derived from similar decoupling among one’s neighbors, and accommodation by state actors. Where endogenous institutional change driven by societal action is sufficiently robust, it can induce political actors to accommodate and eventually to legitimize institutional innovations from below. We provide empirical illustrations of our theory in two disparate institutional contexts—the rise of private manufacturing in the Yangzi delta region of China since 1978, focusing on two municipalities in that region, and the diffusion of gay bars in San Francisco in the 1960s and 1970s. We validate our theory with an agent-based simulation.
COPE
Authors: Hoying Jacqueline , Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek
Published: March 2016

Approximately one in three preadolescents (34%) is obese/overweight and one in four (25%) experience a mental health issue. Urban youth suffer from higher rates of these problems, and at earlier ages than their peers. This study’s purpose was to determine feasibility/acceptability and preliminary effects of the COPE (Creating Opportunities for Personal Empowerment) Healthy Lifestyles TEEN (Thinking, Emotion, Exercise, and Nutrition) intervention on physical activity (PA) and mental health outcomes of 11- to 13-year-olds. A one group pre- and posttest design was used in a Midwest urban middle school. Preadolescents ( n = 31) who received COPE reported significant decreases in anxiety and increases in healthy lifestyle beliefs and PA. Further, preadolescents at baseline with elevated anxiety, depression, suicide risk, and below average self-concept who received COPE reported significant increases in self-concept and decreases in anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation. The COPE program is a promising intervention that can improve physical and mental health outcomes.
Pugh’s Total Design: The design of an electromagnetic servo brake with ABS function – a case study
Authors: Villanueva Pedro Maria , Lostado Lorza Ruben , Corral Bobadilla Marina
Published: March 2016

Traditionally, design activities cover a wide range of interrelated activities: mechanical design, industrial design, electronic design and civil design, to name a few. Pugh’s Total Design method consists of several core activities that complement and influence each another. Core activities are the basis of the development of the product design specification, the conceptual design, the detailed design, the product’s manufacture and final product sales. A systematic approach is proposed in this article to convert design requirements into an optimal design concept choice. The approach is based on Pugh’s method to design a new electromagnetic servo brake with antilock braking system function. The product design specifications were obtained by the functional analysis method that Tassinari proposed. Also, the Pugh controlled convergence method was used to select the best conceptual design. A combination of the finite element method and multi-objective optimization based on genetic algorithms was used in the detail phase to obtain the optimal geometry of the servo that was designed, while maximizing the braking force and minimizing the current supplied by the battery and the weight of the assembly. The close agreement between the experimental results obtained suggests that Pugh’s Total Design method, combined with the functional analysis method, the Pugh controlled convergence method, the finite element method and genetic algorithms, may be used successfully to design and optimize any electromechanical device.
Pseudopapillary Granulosa Cell Tumor
Authors: Heller Debra , Haddad Andrew , Cracchiolo Bernadette
Published: March 2016

Background. The pseudopapillary pattern of granulosa cell tumor is rare. Case. We describe the case of a 35-year-old woman who presented with an initial diagnosis of papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma. Results. Evaluation, including immunohistochemistry, led to the diagnosis of pseudopapillary granulosa cell tumor. Conclusion. The pseudopapillary pattern of granulosa cell tumor is rare and must be suspected in order to utilize appropriate immunohistochemistry and reach the correct diagnosis. Inhibin positivity is particularly helpful.
“Maybe She Was Provoked”
Authors: Scarduzio Jennifer A. , Carlyle Kellie E. , Harris Kate Lockwood , Savage Matthew W.
Published: March 2016

The current study is concerned with the different types of gender stereotypes that participants may draw upon when exposed to news stories about intimate partner violence (IPV). We qualitatively analyzed open-ended responses examining four types of gender stereotypes—aggression, emotional, power and control, and acceptability of violence. We offer theoretical implications that extend past research on intimate terrorism and situational couple violence, the gender symmetry debate, and how stereotypes are formed. We also discuss practical implications for journalists who write stories about IPV and individuals who provide services to victims and perpetrators.
Correlates of Anxiety in 6- to 8-Year-Old Children With ADHD: A Community-Based Study
Authors: Mulraney Melissa , Schilpzand Elizabeth J. , Anderson Vicki , Nicholson Jan M. , Efron Daryl , Hazell Philip , Sciberras Emma
Published: March 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the child and parent/family correlates of anxiety in a community-based sample of children with ADHD. Method: Children (6-8 years) with ADHD ( n = 179) and controls ( n = 212) were assessed for ADHD and anxiety using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children IV. Potential child and parent/family correlates were measured through direct assessments, and parent- and teacher-reported questionnaires. Associations were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: One in four children with ADHD ( n = 44) met criteria for an anxiety disorder, compared with one in 20 controls ( n = 10). Anxiety was common in both boys and girls with ADHD. The strongest correlates of anxiety in multivariate analyses were ADHD subtype, primary caregiver psychosocial distress, and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage. Conclusion: Anxiety is common in children with ADHD. This study provides insight into the potential parent/family stressors that may increase risk for anxiety in children with ADHD.
Going global or going nowhere? Chinese media in a time of flux
Authors: Keane Michael
Published: March 2016

This article focuses on how Chinese media industries have sought to expand into new territories, identifying several mechanisms by which Chinese cultural and media products are traded and consumed: namely finished content, co-productions, formats and online platforms. The article also considers the value of overseas location shooting for domestic programmes and acquisition of international media assets. The key idea that is discussed in regards to China’s outward-bound trade mission is know-how. In respect to media production, producers tend to opt for risk avoidance rather than creative exploration. Consequently, Chinese producers, investors and practitioners are deficient in knowledge of international markets and audience perceptions because the government has chosen to intervene, select and guide Chinese products. The article suggests this is gradually changing.
The reciprocal intertwining of practice and experience in value creation
Authors: Ellway Benjamin P. W. , Dean Alison M.
Published: March 2016

Practice and experience are central concepts in service logic (SL), and research has provided increasingly sophisticated accounts of their role within value creation. However, to date, they have been largely treated separately and despite acknowledgement that they are intertwined, the precise nature of their relationship remains unclear. To respond to this problem, we introduce Bourdieu’s recursive triad of practice–habitus–field as a theoretical lens to articulate how sensemaking processes incorporate an explicit link between practice and experience. We then utilize the theoretical lens to examine value creation for participants of a self-reliance training course. Our article contributes to the theorization of value creation by showing how it is dependent upon the temporal intertwining of practice and experience; how the unconscious or anticipated/foreseen nature of practice and experience become manifested in value creation and how zooming in and zooming out can be simultaneously achieved to acknowledge the individual and contextual influences upon value creation. We present a dynamic model of practice-experience links in value creation, which both extends the theory of SL and provides a basis for further work. The article concludes with managerial implications.
“Not So Black and White”
Authors: Chaudhry Irfan
Published: March 2016

Although Twitter may not be representative of the overall population, information gathered from Twitter can assist our understanding of what people think about certain social issues, particularly race. With this in mind, using Twitter as the main source for data collection, this study tracks the #Ferguson hashtag in the 4 days following the killing of Mike Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, to examine how race was discussed in the aftermath of the event. A key question guiding this article is how do the tweets captured resonate with broader understandings about race in America?
Obituaries as Markers of Memory
Authors: Jiwani Yasmin
Published: March 2016

Many Aboriginal peoples belong to stateless nations within the White Canadian nation-state. Their claims to sovereignty are predicated on a timeless, immemorial existence that predates White settlement. Yet, the very reproduction of the nation is a gendered and raced project, centering some bodies while marginalizing others. In tracing the ways in which Aboriginal women have been projected on the canvass of the nation’s memorials—in obituaries—this article interrogates the visibility/invisibility of Aboriginal women and sheds light on the changing racial logic that underpins the articulation of race and gender in the twenty-first century.
On the Rhetoric of Dissenting Judges: Ideology, History, and Politics in Obergefell v. Hodges
Authors: Rodriguez Amardo
Published: March 2016

In this article, I identify and look critically at the ideological themes that form the foundation of the dissenting opinions in Obergefell et al. v. Hodges. I contend that these themes speak to much larger issues surrounding the nature of our democracy and why accommodating different ways of being continues to face daunting legal, social, and political hurdles.
Balancing and positioning for a gun control system based on fuzzy fractional order proportional–integral–derivative strategy
Authors: Gao Qiang , Li Kang , Hou Yuanlong , Hou Runmin , Wang Chao
Published: March 2016

To achieve perfect behavior of the unbalanced barrel of a gun control system, a novel control strategy for simultaneous balancing and positioning of the system is proposed, physically being on the basis of a novel hydraulic cylinder with three cavities. The fuzzy fractional order proportional–integral–derivative controller is developed, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted for optimal selection of the control parameters for the gun control system. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy fractional order proportional–integral–derivative control strategy can finely improve dynamic performance of the control system, and the nonlinear characteristics of system can be effectively suppressed.
Integrating intervention targets offered by homeostatic theory
Authors: Annunziato Rachel A , Grossman Stephanie L
Published: March 2016

Marks presents “homeostatic theory” which proposes that weight gain is fostered by a “Circle of Discontent” consisting of body dissatisfaction, negative affect, and overconsumption. This innovative framework offers potential intervention approaches, including victim-blaming, stigma, and discrimination, as well as devalorizing the thin-ideal. Our article discusses possible ways that clinical health psychologists based in university settings may be uniquely positioned to consider and implement large-scale programs that have shown great promise for addressing these core issues.
The weight balancing act and allostasis: Commentary on the Homeostatic Theory of Obesity
Authors: Brindal Emily , Wittert Gary
Published: March 2016

The current article provides commentary on the Homeostatic Theory of Obesity and associated Circle of Discontent. A strength of this theory is that it points to the requirement for multiple avenues of societal change, largely through policy and regulation. The current authors suggest consideration of allostasis, coping style and habituation in addition to the existing model. Incorporation of these into the Homeostatic Theory of Obesity may help to expand its explanatory power and associated avenues of intervention. Whatever else is done, it is likely that to meaningfully address the epidemic of obesity and associated chronic disease will require policy and regulation as well as targeted behavioural strategies aiming to reduce allostatic load.