bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aggression and Studding Art
Authors: Kooshki Shirin
Published: February 2021

Aggressive behavior is one of the most common types of behavioral problems in almost all societies, so a pervasive field of research is used to work with that. This study tested the hypothesis that if art studding is associated with a decrease in aggression. Aggressive behavior was compared between art and industrial science groups. The study was a casual-comparative one and sixty university students selected with Purposive sampling and consideration of matching method in two groups. Aggression questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) was used to assess aggression. Results in relation to investigated components namely verbal aggression, anger, hostel and aggression total score among art students and industrial science groups showed significant difference (p < .05) and this difference is that industrial science students report higher anger and aggression. But there was no significant difference in physical aggression between two groups (p ˃ .05). Mean of physical aggression scores in both groups were low and it could be considered as the worthless of physical aggression in university population. Studding art is found with less level of aggression and this may consider as an important implicit effect of art that could be expand in different areas and level of education.
Addressing a Dysfunctional District Nursing Team Using the Morale Index
Authors: Brennan Walter
Published: February 2021

My name is Walter Brennan, I am a training consultant, conflict management and performance specialist. I am an expert witness and have been commissioned to write reports on more than 380 occasions involving civil litigation on behalf of employees who have issued proceedings against employers for violence, bullying, stress and mental health issues and I have been doing this kind of work since 1999.
Quantitative Methods for Alkaline Protease Determination and its Applications: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: M. H Homady
Published: February 2021

Proteases break peptide bonds. It is often necessary to measure and/or compare the activity of alkaline proteases using different procedures in the lab. Many studies with keen interest on alkaline proteases mostly use quantitative and/or qualitative assay methods to assay the enzyme activity of proteases. There is need to select a suitable assay method from the reported ones which will be ideal for any proposed study. There could be challenges when choosing the right assay method from the existing ones, thereby prompting the need for a review of the various methods for the quantitative assay of alkaline protease, the quantitative methods and protocols used from 1938 until now and their industrial applications were chronologically reviewed.
Duodenal displacement and acquired intrathoracic stomach in an extreme premature baby on jejunostomy feeds- a case report
Authors: Bhandarkar Kailas
Published: February 2021

Repeated and persistent displacement forces can lead to acquired abnormalities in the position of the foregut in premature neonates. Cow milk protein intolerance should be considered early as a cause of feed intolerance, recurrent vomiting and other gastrointestinal symptoms in premature neonates. Upper gastrointestinal contrast study cannot be used to diagnose gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
Knowledge, attitude and practice toward COVID-19, 2020 in Kassala, Sudan
Authors: RM Hajhamed
Published: February 2021

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. The behavior of the general public will probably have an important bearing on the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Human behavior is influenced by people's knowledge and perceptions. This study was done to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of the people in the state of Kassala. A cross-sectional descriptive survey of 210 Sudanese residents from the state of kassala was conducted between March –May 2020. 210 questionnaires where distributed, Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis for frequencies and chi-square was obtained using R Language Version R i386 4.0.2. 96.2 % of our respondents heard about corona (p-value < 2.2e-16), while the main source of information was through the radio 34.3 %( p-value = 5.515e-15). 83.3 % of the respondents think they are at risk of exposure to COVID -19, 97.6% think that it’s important to take measures to prevent corona virus in the community. Most of our respondents (94.35) think that corona causes stigma to the affected people. 61.9% of our participants think the virus is very dangerous. In the effort to prevent the spread of the disease, 28.6% the respondents stopped greeting people while 28 % of them did not take any measures to stop it. There is poor knowledge, attitude and practice to wards corona in the state of kassala. The ministry of health needs to intensify the effort to provide knowledge through radio, as it was the most commonly used media in our community.
Dietary Diversity May Play A Mediatory Role on the Association between Household Food Insecurity and Nutritional Status among Children Aged 24-59 Months
Authors: Abdurahman Ahmed
Published: February 2021

Background: Consuming scarce and poorly diversified diet, along with inadequate breastfeeding, contribute seriously to the complete scope of child undernutrition like stunting, wasting, underweight and micronutrient deficiency. Objective: To determine the association between dietary diversity score (DDS) and nutritional status among children aged 24 to 59 months in Haromaya district, Ethiopia. Methods: Children aged 24-59 months (N= 453) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study with a representative sample of households selected by a multistage sampling procedure in Haromaya district. Anthropometry and 24hr dietary recall were administered. Multinomial logistic regression models were applied to select variables that are candidate for multivariable model. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the mediatory effect of DDS on the relationship between household food insecurity (HFI) and child nutritional status. Results: The mean DDS was 3.62 (SD 1.09), and 50% of the children indicated poor and average DDS with only 20% children in very good DDS. By logistic regression analysis and after adjusting for the confounding factors, poor DDS was highly significant predictor of wasting, stunting and underweight (AOR = 4.09, C.I = 1.31 - 12.76, p = .01), (AOR = 2.28, C.I = 1.11 - 4.69, p = .03) and (AOR = 2.48, C.I = 1.17 - 5.24, p = .02) respectively. HFI had a significant direct effect on wasting though no significant indirect effect on wasting through mediation variable, DDS, (β1 reduced from 0.06 (S.E. = 0.027, p < .05) to 0.05 (S.E. = 0.028, p > .05). Conclusion: Poor DDS was a predictor of wasting, stunting and underweight. Additionally, DDS had a role in the association between HFI and nutritional status.
University of Medical Science of Havana Faculty of Medical Science “10 de Octubre” Smoking incidence over the labor health
Authors: Hernández Fé Fernández
Published: February 2021

Background: As risk factor and cause of morbidity and mortality, smoking is close related with labor health. The early beginning in tobacco consumption and the high tobacco intensity consumption are determining several negative consequences over labor health and labor productivity too. Objective: To describe the incidence of smoking over the labor health. Materials and methods: Was made a descriptive research about the incidence of smoking over the labor health. For that were used as theorical methods the historic – logic, the inductive – deductive and the comparative. As empiric method was used the bibliographic research. Results: A high smoking impact over the labor health determines leasing labor capability, leasing labor productivity and leasing social redistribution potentialities in favor to dependence social sectors no associated to the labor activity. Conclusions: Smoking saves a close relation with labor health. This risk factor act reducing it value since the epidemiologic, economic and social point o view.
University of Medical Science of Havana Faculty of Medical Science “10 de Octubre” Diploma course: The socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking
Authors: Hernández Fé Fernández
Published: February 2021

Background: Socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking has several social costs moreover than the disparities caused by the inequity cause. The precise understanding about the socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking will contribute to a better judgment about the smoking impact over the society. That’s why the close mutual relation between Public Health, Superior Education, Economy and other social sector may make significant intake to the specialized professional formation for the smoking control. Objective: To design a diploma course about the socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking. Materials and methods: As teoricals methods were utilized the analysis and synthesis, the comparative and the inductive deductive. As empiric method was used the bibliographic research. Results: Related to the socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking is important to know and to understand what is, how impact over the society, how to measure it and what to do for a better control. All these questions are analyzed and answered in this diploma course. Conclusion: The diploma course takes account the particularities from several social sectors respect to the postgraduate education necessities about the smoking economic control specifically in references to the socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking.
The smoking economic control across the primary health services
Authors: Hernández Fé Fernández , González Efraín Sánchez
Published: February 2021

Background: Primary health services play a decisive role for the social policy about health attention. This Public Health level attends the largest patient’s numbers. The economy resources are always limited. Smoking carries to higher spend from the Public Health agree with the tobacco consumption and the smokers’ number. Then, the economic smoking control since the primary health services must be a priority for the health policy. Objective: To describe the primary public health server in the economic smoking control. Materials and methods: Theoric methods: comparative, inductive – deductive. Empiric methods: bibliographic research. Results: The primary public health server must be agree with capability and limitations from the public health level where works. Thus should be possible optimizate the patiens number applying for health services in superior levels. Conclusions: The smoking economic control across the primary public health services carries to reduce the smoking economic impact over the financial management for the Public Health.
Role of indigenous Bilaminar dermal regeneration template in the management of degloving injury
Authors: Chittoria Ravi
Published: February 2021

Various modalities of treatment options and dressing materials are available in today’s era of medical advancement. A lot of newer dressing materials and adjuncts are in use for burn wound management. Bilaminar dermal regeneration template has been in use since the 1980s but owing to its high cost, its affordability and availability in third world developing countries is questionable. Here we have described our experience with the use of an indigenously made cost effective dermal regeneration template made from available materials in degloving injury raw area.
Miami-Dade County Juvenile Weapons Offenders Program (Jwop): A Potential Model To Reduce Firearm Crime Recidivism Nation-Wide
Authors: Ginzburg E. Ginzburg
Published: February 2021

In 2016, the most recent year with national statistics, the annual number of people killed or injured by firearm in the United States was 133,853. While much has been said in the developing world about the lost economic and developmental potential of youth in countries without basic health and educational infrastructure, in the United States homicide by firearm is the third leading cause of injury and death amongst youth aged 15-24, costing billions annually in combined medical and work loss costs. Factoring in suicide by firearm, gun related fatalities account for the number one cause of unintentional injury death in this age group.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Pengoperasian Bilangan Bulat
Authors: Najib Ashari
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan analisis kesalahan siswa dalam pengoperasikan Bilangan Bulat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-eksploratif yang bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan kesalahan pengoperasian bilangan yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika. Hasil penelitian tentang deskripsi Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Pengoperasian Bilangan Bulat pada siswa Kelas VII  SMP Negeri 1 Binuang dengan deskripsi kuantitatif. menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik Kelas VII dalam Menyelesaikan Soal materi  Bilangan Bulat dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 73,2 dengan rentang skor  60 yang berarti hasil belajar matematika peserta didik kelas tersebut mulai dari 40 - 100. Median yaitu 75 dan  modus atau frekuensi tertinggi yaitu 70. jumlah peserta didik yang belum tuntas belajar sebanyak 11 orang atau 44% dan peserta didik yang belum tuntas sebanyak 14 orang atau 56%.  pengoperasian bilangan bulat untuk subjek 1 (Nf) diperoleh informasi bahwa siswa tersebut tidak mengalami kesalahan konsep, kesalahan prinsip dan kesalahan operasi. Sehingga subjek tersebut berada dalam kategori tinggi. subjek 2 (NA) diperoleh informasi bahwa siswa tersebut tidak mengalami kesalahan prinsip dan kesalahan operasi. Sehingga subjek tersebut berada dalam kategori sedang. Dan subjek 3 (Mr) diperoleh informasi bahwa siswa tersebut mengalami kesalahan konsep, prinsip dan kesalahan operasi. Sehingga subjek tersebut berada dalam kategori Rendah
Teknik Penyerbukan Tanaman Mangrove (Studi Pendahuluan pada Aegiceras Corniculatum l. di Gonda Mangrove Park)
Authors: Ainnadya Hasan Phika , Nurmiati
Published: February 2021

Teknik penyerbukan merupakan salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan penyerbukan. Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk untuk memahami teknik penyerbukan pada tanaman mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan kualitas tanaman terbuka (open crop) dan tanaman dikurung (caged crop). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pollination efficiency tanaman terbuka lebih tinggi (97%) daripada tanaman dikurung (51%).
Model Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kabupaten Kota Sulawesi Barat Menggunakan Pendekatan Regresi Spasial Data Panel
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Arafat , Asrirawan
Published: February 2021

Pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu daerah merupakan salah satu indikator ekonomi yang sangat penting dari daerah tersebut. Salah satu indikator yang digunakan dalam mengukur pertumbuhan ekonomi adalah nilai Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB). Pertumbuhan ekonomi Sulawesi Barat melambat pada Triwulan I 2020 akibat adanya efek covid. Secara spesifik untuk tiap kabupaten akan diteliti bagaimana model dari pertumbuhan ekonominya. Ketergantungan spasial (spatial dependence) merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam menganalisa pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu wilayah. Pertumbuhan ekonomi khususnya di wilayah kabupaten kota Sulawesi Barat dengan melibatkan independensi spasial dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya cukup menarik dikaji. Secara lebih mendalam, digunakan model spasial panel. Digunakan empat faktor dalam mengukur pertumbuhan ekonomi, yaitu Pendapatan asli daerah (X1), belanja modal (X2), banyaknya pengangguran (X3), dan rata-rata lama sekolah (X4). Setelah dilakukan analisis, model yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi Sulawesi Barat adalah model Spasial SAR dengan efek acak dengan variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Sulawesi Barat adalah variabel rata-rata lama sekolah (X4) dengan nilai koefisien positif.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Biologi Berbasis Keterampilan Proses Sains pada Kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 2 Majene
Authors: Sainab  , Firman  , Ahmad Kartini
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepraktisan dan keefektifan dari perangkat pembelajaran biologi berbasis Keterampilan Proses Sains di kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 2 Majene. Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan dari Tjeerd Plomp, yang terdiri dari beberapa fase yaitu (1) fase investigasi awal, (2) fese desain, (3) realisasi, (4) fase tes, evaluasi dan revisi, dan (5) fase implementasi. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data penelitian dibagi atas tiga yaitu lembar validasi, lembar observasi keterlaksanaan perangkat, dan angket respon siswa. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis data deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil uji kevalidan dari para ahli dengan menggunakan koefisien validasi isi untuk perangkat pembelajaran memperoleh rata-rata yaitu 3,50. Untuk kepraktisan perangkat pembelajaran diperoleh dari pengamatan keterlaksanaan perangkat pembelajaran 3,70 sedangkan untuk keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran diperoleh dari angket respon peserta didik 2,87, proses ini mengindikasikan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan layak untuk digunakan. Untuk uji keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan, diperoleh rata-rata ketuntasan belajar peserta didik adalah 78,24% yang mengindikasikan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran memenuhi kategori keefektifan dengan jumlah 25 orang peserta didik. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran berbasis keterampilan proses sains pada mata pelajaran biologi di kelas X IPA 3 yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif.
Принцип керівництва та етика «відкритого суспільства»
Authors: Abdula Andrii
Published: February 2021

«Відкрите суспільство» К. Поппера – не лише суто абстрактний конструкт, це також і система цінностей та ідеалів сучасної європейської цивілізації, таких, як – свобода, індивідуалізм, гуманізм, демократія. Однак підґрунтя цієї системи, зв’язок між її елементами, взаємовідношення з сучасною політикою, перспективи реалізації та багато інших значущих тем й дотепер залишаються проблематичними. Автор аналізує один з основоположних принципів «відкритого суспільства» – принцип керівництва та намагається продемонструвати, що відповідь на питання «Хто повинен керувати державою?» має вагоме значення принаймні у двох аспектах. По-перше це питання може бути переформульоване у дусі фаллібілізму як питання «Хто не повинен керувати державою?». По-друге, пошук відповіді на це питання може розглядатись як стратегічна проблема «відкритого суспільства», пов’язана з захистом його цінностей.
Кріс Лоренц. Історичне знання та історична дійсність: на захист «внутрішнього реалізму»
Authors: Mishalova Olena , Panafidina Oksana
Published: February 2021

Переклад статті проф. Кріса Лоренца «Історичне знання та історична дійсність: на захист «внутрішнього реализму».
ВЛИЯНИЕ СВЯЗЫВАНИЯ КОФАКТОРА НА ВНУТРИМОЛЕКУЛЯРНУЮ ДИНАМИКУ ГЛИЦЕРАЛЬДЕГИД-3-ФОСФАТДЕГИДРОГЕНАЗЫ
Authors:   Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики, ФИЦ «Казанский научный центр РАН», Кошкаров А.А. , Макшакова О.Н. ,   Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики, ФИЦ «Казанский научный центр РАН»
Published: February 2021

Глицеральдегид-3-фосфатдегидрогеназа является одним из ключевых ферментов гликолиза, кроме того, белок вовлечен в регуляцию широкого ряда клеточных функций, включая индукцию апоптоза. Глицеральдегид-3-фосфатдегидрогеназа также участвует в развитии ряда патологических состояний, нейродегенеративных и раковых заболеваний. Новые подходы к регуляции активности фермента требуют детального понимания организации его пространственной и динамической структуры. В данной работе проведено исследование взаимодействия кофактора никотинамидадениндинуклеотида с димерами, составляющими тетрамер соматического глицеральдегид-3-фосфатдегидрогеназы человека, методом молекулярной динамики. Охарактеризовано влияние связывания кофактора на внутримолекулярную динамику белка. Показано, что димеры связывают кофактор с разными энергиями, что связано с подвижностью S-петли и ее способностью взаимодействовать с молекулой кофактора. В димере ОР, стабилизированном обширными контактами протяженных бета-структур, обнаружены группы остатков в смежных субъединицах, которые движутся согласованно, при этом показано, что связывание кофактора модулирует характер коррелированных движений в димере.
ДОНОРЫ ОКСИДА АЗОТА КАК ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОТИВООПУХОЛЕВЫЕ АГЕНТЫ
Authors:   Институт биохимической физики им. Н.М. Эмануэля РАН, Корман Д.Б. , Островская Л.А. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н.Н. Семёнова РАН, Ванин А.Ф. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н.Н. Семёнова РАН,   Институт регенеративной медицины Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова МЗ РФ
Published: February 2021

Рассмотрена роль оксида азота как одного из универсальных регуляторов метаболических процессов в живых организмах. Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований в области NO-онкологии. Описаны противоопухолевые и цитотоксические эффекты различных доноров оксида азота, обсуждаются механизмы их действия.
ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА МЕМБРАН ЭРИТРОЦИТОВ ПРИ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИИ С ПОЛИЕНОВЫМИ АНТИБИОТИКАМИ В ПОЛЕ ДЕЙСТВИЯ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВЫХ ВОЛН
Authors:   Институт ботаники Национальной академии наук Азербайджана, Султанова Г.Г. , Касумов Х.М. ,   Институт ботаники Национальной академии наук Азербайджана
Published: February 2021

Исследован гемолиз эритроцитов, индуцированный ультразвуком и алкильными производными амфотерицина В и леворина, модифицированных по аминной и карбоксильной группам. Разработан кинетический метод изучения физико-химических характеристик клеток крови под действием ультразвука в физиотерапевтическом режиме озвучивания. Показано, что взаимодействие ультразвуковых волн с биологическими системами основано на явлении кавитации. Изучено действие алкильных производных амфотерицина В и леворина на физико-химические характеристики эритроцитов. Предполагается, что изменение механической стойкости эритроцитов под влиянием полиеновых антибиотиков связано с нарушением микровязкости белково-липидной системы мембран эритроцитов путем образования ионных каналов. Обнаружена корреляция действия полиеновых антибиотиков на липидные и клеточные мембраны.
ФОТОТОКСИЧЕСКОЕ ДЕЙСТВИЕ ВОДОРАСТВОРИМЫХ ПОРФИРИНОВ НА КЛЕТКИ СВЕТЛОКЛЕТОЧНОЙ КАРЦИНОМЫ ПОЧКИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА СAKI-1
Authors:   Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН, Арутюнян А.Ф. , Тевонян Л.Л. ,   Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН, Бениаминов А.Д. ,   Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН, Егоров Е.Е. ,   Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН, Калюжный Д.Н. ,   Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН
Published: February 2021

С целью разработки и поиска фотосенсибилизаторов с возможно более узкой направленностью рассмотрены два типа тетрапиридиновых порфиринов: катионный порфирин P4 (TMPyP4) и его амфифильное производное порфирин P1, содержащее карбоксильные группы, а также их цинк-содержащие аналоги ZnP4 и ZnP1. Проведено сравнение физико-химических свойств двух классов молекул и исследовано их воздействие на клетки светлоклеточной карциномы почек Caki-1 в культуре. Соединения в микромолярных концентрациях не вызывали морфологических изменений клеток в отсутствие облучения светом. Обработка клеток порфирином P4 под действием синего света вызывала быстрое проявление цитотоксичности. Клетки начинали открепляться от субстрата, а на мембранах появлялись вздутия (блебы). Скорость этих изменений согласуется с прямым повреждением мембран, вызываемым порфирином P4. В аналогичных условиях соединение ZnP1 не вызывало никаких видимых изменения морфологии клеток Caki-1. Полученные результаты могут быть объяснены различной липофильностью соединений и, как следствие, их различной локализацией в клетке. Преимущественно мембранная локализация должна преобладать для более липофильного соединения P4 по сравнению с ZnP1, что может служить объяснением быстрого цитопатического эффекта.
СВЯЗЬ ИНДУКЦИОННЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ ФЛУОРЕСЦЕНТНЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ЛИСТЬЕВ СОИ GLYCINE MAX (L.) MERR. С БИОХИМИЧЕСКИМИ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМИ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬЮ
Authors:   Федеральный научный центр овощеводства, Шафигуллин Д.Р. ,   Российский университет дружбы народов, Байков А.А. ,   Федеральный научный центр овощеводства, Гинс М.С. ,   Федеральный научный центр овощеводства,   Российский университет дружбы народов, Пронина Е.П. ,   Федеральный научный центр овощеводства, Пивоваров В.Ф. ,   Федеральный научный центр овощеводства, Солдатенко А.В. ,   Федеральный научный центр овощеводства, Романова Е.В. ,   Российский университет дружбы народов
Published: February 2021

Изучено влияние условий выращивания на флуоресцентные характеристики листьев впервые интродуцируемых овощных и культивируемых масличных форм сои (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) в средней полосе России. Использованы следующие параметры индукции флуоресценции: NPQ (нефотохимическое тушение флуоресценции), qP (фотохимическое тушение флуоресценции), Qy (действительный квантовый выход фотохимических реакций в фотосистеме II), Qymax (максимальная квантовая эффективность фотосистемы II), Rfd (коэффициент жизненности). На примере сои в фазе цветения и технической спелости показана прямая связь между нефотохимическим тушением и фактором Rfd (r = 0.95) и обратная - показателя Fv с фотохимическим тушением (в фазе цветения и технической спелости r = -0.89 и -0.78 соответственно). Исследованы биохимические показатели, проанализированы их взаимосвязи с фотосинтетическими показателями листьев овощных форм сои. Так, накопление антиоксидантов имеет примерно одинаковую умеренную степень корреляционных связей (r = 0.40) с величинами Qymax, Rfd, qРстац...
ПОДСТРОЙКА ЭХОИМПУЛЬСОВ, ОТРАЖЕННЫХ ОТ РАСПОЛОЖЕННЫХ НА РАЗНЫХ ДИСТАНЦИЯХ ОБЪЕКТОВ, ПОД СЛУХОВУЮ ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ У ДЕЛЬФИНОВ: МОДЕЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
Authors:   АО «Акустический институт имени академика Н.Н. Андреева», Римская-Корсакова Л.К. , Родионов А.А. ,   Санкт-Петербургский филиал Института океанологии РАН, Иванов М.П. ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет
Published: February 2021

Дельфины при эхолокации во время охоты излучают зондирующий импульс и принимают эхоимпульс, на основании которого обнаруживают и идентифицируют жертву в фазе поиска. В фазе захвата дельфины нуждаются в стабильной слуховой реакции на эхоимпульс. Для объяснения особенностей восприятия эхоимпульсов в фазах поиска и захвата моделировали вызванную импульсами реакцию ансамбля высокочастотных периферических волокон. Пара импульсов с центральными частотами в 70 кГц, разными межимпульсными интервалами и пиковыми амплитудами была моделью зондирующего импульса и эхоимпульса. Импульсы поступали на вход модели, имеющей разные этапы обработки, включая преобразование рецепторного потенциала волосковых клеток в последовательность потенциалов действия ансамбля волокон слухового нерва. Показано, что для воспроизведения временной структуры импульсов в реакции ансамбля необходимо соответствие возникшего рецепторного потенциала порогам реакций большинства волокон ансамбля. При коротких интервалах между импульсами в паре воспроизведению временной структуры второго импульса (эхоимпульса) способствовало повышение порогов реакций волокон ансамбля за счет рефрактерных свойств, вызванных действием первого импульса (модели зондирующего импульса)...
Restoration of hydraulic cylinder rods by method of ESA
Authors: Kazannikov O. V , Otmakhov D. V
Published: February 2021

During the operation of equipment, its structural elements under the influence of frictional forces and the environment are exposed to various types of wear. To maintain the rolling stock in a working condition, it is necessary to systematically carry out a large set of measures, such as maintenance, current and overhaul repairs with periodic replacement and restoration of worn parts and assemblies. It is obvious that maintaining the performance of modern machines requires high technical knowledge and modern technology. It is not uncommon for special machinery, including tractors and various agricultural vehicles, to be equipped with hydraulic power systems to perform various heavy operations. The actuating mechanisms of such systems are hydraulic cylinders. One of the main features of their design and operation is that the main and very precise part - the rod in working order is in an unprotected environment, namely in the open air. The specificity of the work of heavy equipment is high dust content, gas pollution and the presence of various abrasive materials in the work area in the form of stones and soil. Under these conditions, the precision, polished rods are subject to significant wear. In this paper, the possibility of restoring hydraulic cylinder rods for small types of wear (scratches and dents of a depth of no more than 0,3 mm) is considered by the method of electrospark alloying (ESA), with the creation of coatings on their working surfaces that are identical in their characteristics to the new ones. Electrode materials and processing modes were selected. Research was carried out to determine the dynamic microhardness of the created coating.
Road holding ability I.P. of machine-tractor unit during plowing
Authors: Troyanovskaya I. P , Zhakov A. O
Published: February 2021

The discrepancy between the working width of the plow and the width of the tractor leads to asymmetry of the arable units. The geometry of the share surface of the reversible plow contributes to the generation of lateral forces on the working tool. All this contributes to the imbalance of the working body and the deviation of the tractor from straight-line movement during plowing. To maintain a straight line, the driver has to correct the vehicle movement every 5-10 meters, which makes him more tired. To study the causes of lateral slip of the plowing unit, a mathematical model was built. It consists of the equations of controlled motion and equations of uncontrolled shift of the tractor under the action of external forces from the plow. The description of the force interaction of the propeller with the ground is based on the mathematical theory of friction, taking into account anisotropy and elastic properties in contact. On the basis of the passive shear model, the hodograph of the maximum force shifting the tractor from the side of the working tool is constructed. It has been established that the shear force reaches its maximum adhesion value only in the case of translational shear, when its line of action passes through the center of gravity of the tractor. In all other cases, the shift (pull) of the tractor is carried out by a force of a lower value. The features and assumptions of the model are formulated in relation to the tracked and wheeled tractors. As a result, it was found that regardless of the direction of the lateral displacement of the plow draft resistance, the tractor is pulled towards the plowed field. The result of the numerical experiment showed that the main reason for the drift of the wheeled arable unit is the different type of soil along the sides of the tractor, but not the displacement of the plow traction resistance.
Experimental evaluation of traction properties of ultra-low pressure tires
Authors: Goncharenko S. V , Godzhaev Z. A , Artemov A. V , Pryadkin V. I , Godzhaev T. Z
Published: February 2021

Currently, mobile power tools equipped with ultra-low pressure tires are widely used in agriculture when conducting field work in the early spring. For these power tools, fundamentally new wide-profile tires with low load capacity have been developed, featuring ultra-low intra-tire pressure (10-80 kPa), increased profile width, low ply (2-4), high elasticity and soil-covering tread, which in turn provides the necessary traction qualities. Due to the high elasticity of these tires and the relative radial deflection (up to 25 %), the contact area of the tire with the soil increases and the specific pressure decreases. It was determined that due to the cost parameters, a wide range of ultra-low pressure tires, as well as specific features of the tests, they remain insufficiently studied at the moment. In this regard, we conducted bench tests and determined the basic and traction characteristics of the ultra-low pressure tire with a dimension of 1020×420-18 model Bel-79. We derived equations for the dependence of tire performance on various factors. Found that when driving on a concrete supporting base traction properties of the tire are improved with the increase of the internal pressure of the tire and the load on the wheel when driving on the field, prepared for sowing Lucchini support-coupling indicators is observed with a decrease of the internal pressure of the tire and load wheel. It was noted that the results of the tests can be used as reliable initial data for the development of mathematical models of the movement of various mobile power vehicles equipped with ultra-low pressure tires.
Analysis of experimental researches of the tractor equipped with an elastic-damping mechanism in the transmission when moving in the composition of the transport tractor unit
Authors: Senkevich S. E , Kryukovskaya N. S
Published: February 2021

The cargo transportation is an integral and energy-consuming part of agricultural production. To improve the energy performance of transport tractor units (TTU), an elastic-damping mechanism (EDM) installed in the tractor transmission was developed. An experimental study was conducted to identify the influence of the EDM on the operation of the tractor as part of the TTU, when it is moving on a dirt road in the 9th gear of the main speed range of the gearbox (GB) of the tractor. A tractor of traction class 1,4 was used. Energy sensors were installed on the main elements of the tractor. The energy performance of the tractor with a transmission equipped with the EDM and the tractor with a factory transmission are determined. A decrease in fuel consumption by 7,3 %, a decrease in traction forces from an aggregated trailer by 19,9 %, a decrease in the amplitude of fluctuations in traction forces by 28,3 % and a decrease in skidding of the driving units by an average of 9,7 % were revealed. A graph describing the dynamics of changes in the skidding of the driving units of a serial tractor and a tractor with the EDM in time is constructed. The statistical processing of the skidding indicators is performed. A decrease in the amplitude of fluctuations in the coefficient of skidding by 16,3 % was revealed. The obtained results of experimental studies indicate that the tractor as part of the TTU with the EDM in the transmission has better performance compared to a serial tractor and has a lower load on the engine, gearbox elements and driving wheels of the tractor.
Creation and study of the properties of multicomponent biofuels for tractor diesel engines
Authors: Plotnikov S. A , Kartashevich A. N , Glushkov M. N , Shipin A. I
Published: February 2021

There is an interest in unconventional fuels, their feedstock are renewable resources of various origins, intended for the production, primarily, of biofuels. Biofuel prices are commensurate with the prices of petroleum-based fuels, and in some cases biofuel prices are even lower. The most significant properties of biofuels for operation do not coincide with the properties of commercial diesel fuel. Due to this, when converting ICEs, originally created for operation on diesel fuel, for biofuels, a list of problems is indicated. One of the productive areas of internal combustion engine adaptation can be the use of multicomponent blended biofuels. Expansion of multi-fuel diesel engines and the approximation of the required properties of biofuels to those for commercial diesel fuel are more expedient to achieve by using multicomponent compositions, the result is that the properties of one fuel can compensate the properties of another. Research in the field of heat engines is usually based on the acquisition of bench test data. Considering the length and complexity of this path, elements of scientific planning of the experiment are increasingly used. To reduce the number of experiments, experimental design based on the Box-Behnken three-factor design was applied. Regression equations were built, the adequacy of the obtained models was assessed, and the significance of its coefficients was evaluated. Based on the data obtained during the research, the percentage of the ingredients of the biofuel composition was determined taking into account the conditions of sufficient stability and kinematic viscosity. A modernized design of the power supply system of an agricultural tractor has been developed for its operation on a biofuel composition. It allows to maintain its viscosity-temperature properties within the framework of the current standard, regardless of the ambient temperature. The confirmation of the possibility of tractor operation on the developed composition of the new fuel was obtained experimentally.
The influence of the combined coulter operation on the quality and yield of grain
Authors: Kem A. A , Chekusov M. S , Shmidt A. N
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of the studies of the effect of the combined paw coulter for multilevel sowing of grain crops and the simultaneous introduction of a starting dose of mineral fertilizers on the quality and yield of grain of soft spring wheat Omskaya 36 carried out in 2019-2020. When sowing using the SKP-2.1M seeder, which was reequipped with combined coulters, where mineral fertilizers were applied below the seeds of spring wheat, the yield increase in the experiments carried out in 2019 by 14 % average in comparison with the control sowing with the SKP-2.1 seeder with serial coulters, where mineral fertilizers were applied to the same soil horizon with seeds. The conducted field experiment in 2020 confirmed the previously obtained results of the coulter performance; the increase in grain when using the combined coulters on the SPK-2.1M seeder was 12,5 %. The difference in grain yield happened due to the different weather conditions in 2019 and 2020. The qualitative indicators of spring soft wheat when sowing with combined openers in comparison with a serial seeder gave an average increase in protein by 7,9 and 4,7 %, and the highest gluten values on the control seeder were in the range of 25,8-27,1 %, and on the experimental SKP-2.1M seeder it was 26,1-28,5 % in 2019-2020, respectively. Thus, according to the results of the laboratory field studies carried out over two years, it was found that the proposed design of the combined coulter for sowing and applying mineral fertilizers below the sowing of seeds is efficient and it contributes to an increase in yield and quality of grain of soft spring wheat.
Algorithmic model for choosing configuration parameters for robotic gripping of agricultural products
Authors: Vu D. K , Ronzhin A. L
Published: February 2021

The solution to the problem of automating the process of collecting agricultural products based on models, algorithms and multicriteria synthesis of the configuration of robotic capture and control of its software and hardware components during physical manipulations with objects of agricultural products is discussed. Performing monotonous physically difficult operations in agricultural production leads to the risk of disorders of the musculoskeletal system of workers, therefore, the use of robotic means for physical contact and manipulation with objects in agricultural production is an urgent task that ensures a reduction in the cost of production, an increase in the quality of operations performed and the labor safety of involved specialists. The variability of the physical and geometric characteristics of the fruits and the methods of their collection does not allow the creation of universal robotic grippers, therefore, active research is currently underway on the design of robotic grippers for manipulating the fruits of individual crops, differing in weight, density, geometry, surface roughness and other parameters. The article describes the developed conceptual model of robotic gripper control, including the description of the manipulator, gripper, sensor system and the manipulated object of agricultural products with various forms, physical and mechanical properties. The article analyzes the physical and mechanical properties of some vegetables and fruits, methods of cutting off the fruit, which should be taken into account when developing robotic grippers. There were discussed a four-stage technique for determining the parameters of robotic gripping, including determining the characteristics of the manipulated object; characteristics of the working environment; determination of the features of the manipulator on which the gripper is planned to be installed, and evaluation of the efficiency of the projected gripper according to a number of criteria. The developed algorithmic model of the choice of configuration parameters for robotic gripping of agricultural products is presented. It provides, based on the analysis of the properties of the manipulated object, the development of requirements for the configuration and gripping control system.
New process for fluffing rotted straw
Authors: Zintsov A. N , Sokolov V. N
Published: February 2021

The results of scientific research and practical experience of flax-growing farms have shown that the process of dew preparation of trusts occurs unevenly along the thickness of the stem layer. With prolonged bad weather, flax stalks sprout with grass and are nailed to the soil by rains. In this state, the lower stems in the layer rot and the quality of fibrous products is markedly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically wrap or fluff the tapes of the stems. Currently, on the country's farms, flax growers prefer fluffing flax-straw belts due to the high productivity and reliable operation of machines in the field. However, existing fluffers confuse the stems and increase their elongation. The authors note that the resulting large disorientation and excessive elongation of the stems in the layer are the main reasons for the low yield of long fiber in the flax mill. Taking into account the indicated problem, the scientists of Kostroma State Agricultural Academy proposed a fundamentally new process of fluffing rotted straw and developed a machine for its implementation. The machine ensures the maximum preservation of the initial values of the structural parameters of the stem layer. The article describes the device and the principle of operation of the new two-line fluffer for flax-straw belts, describes the methodology for substantiating its operating modes and the results of experimental studies. At the same time, it was found that when the prototype of the fluffer is operating on flax-growing belts sprouted by grass and nailed by rain, it is necessary to set the pick-up drum in such a position in which its fingers will penetrate into the soil to a depth of at least 1,0-2,0 cm. The possibility of increasing the forward speed of the unit movement to 3,1 m/s and more without a noticeable decrease in the quality of its operation was also revealed.
USE OF TWO-STAGE FUEL COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY TO MINIMIZE HAZARDOUS EMISSIONS AT KAZAKHSTAN TPP
Authors: Askarova A.S. , Safarik P. , Bolegenova S.A. , Maximov V.Yu. , Nugymanova A.O. , Bolegenova S.A.
Published: February 2021

Studies have been carried out using numerical modeling methods to determine the effect of the introduction of a two-stage combustion technology (OFA technology) of high-ash Karaganda coal on the characteristics of combustion processes: aerodynamics of flows, temperature and concentration (COх, NOх) fields throughout the entire volume of the combustion chamber of the BKZ-75 boiler at Shakhtinskaya TPP and at the outlet from it. Comparison with the basic regime of combustion of pulverized coal fuel, when there is no air supply through additional injectors (OFA = 0%). To implement the technology of two-stage combustion, various regimes of additional air supply through injectors were chosen: OFA equals 0% (basic version, conventional combustion), 5%, 10%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 25% and 30% of total air volume required for fuel combustion. A comparative analysis of the main characteristics of the heat and mass transfer process in the combustion chamber for the investigated modes is carried out. It is shown that an increase in the volume of additional air supplied through the injectors up to 18% leads to a decrease in the concentration of nitrogen oxide NO by 25% in comparison with traditional combustion. A further increase in the volume of additional air leads to a deterioration in these indicators. The results obtained will make it possible to optimize the combustion of low-grade fuel in the combustion chamber of the BKZ-75 boiler, increase the efficiency of fuel burnout, reduce harmful emissions and introduce a two-stage combustion technology at other coal-fired TPPs.
METHODS FOR PROTECTING THE EQUIPMENT OF CELLULAR (MOBILE) CONNECTION FROM ELECTROMAGNETIC IMPACT
Authors: Abdimuratov Zh. S. , Manbetova Zh. D. , Imankul M. N. , Chezhimbayeva K. S. , Sagyndikova A. Zh.
Published: February 2021

Under electromagnetic impact (EMI) of a sufficient level, temporary disruption of functioning, processing, transmission and storage of information in cellular equipment is possible. Possible problems of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of a mobile phone and a base station (BS) of cellular connection under the influence of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from other sources and their negative impact on functioning are considered. The energy of the HF electromagnetic field (EMF) after passing through the protective case can affect the devices of shielded radio electronic equipment (REE), therefore, the possible negative consequences of the impact of high-energy EMF on the REE are described. Possible negative consequences under certain conditions from the influence of the skin-effect, the effects of electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic pulses on electronic devices are given. It is shown that the constructional method of protecting REE from the effects of external electromagnetic factors consists in reducing the collected and transmitted EMF energy by improving the design, placement and installation of equipment. Components of some vendors for 5G systems that are resistant to external interference are given, and the possibilities for reducing the radiation level of a cell phone are noted. The necessity of an integrated approach to solving EMC problems is substantiated, which consists in the use of structural, circuitry and structural-functional methods of EMC provision. The new 5G (Fifth Generation) standard will operate at higher operating frequencies compared to previous generations. Due to the workload of the electromagnetic spectrum at frequencies below 6 GHz, 5G networks will be based on wireless radio access systems operating at frequencies of 30–100 GHz, that is, in the lower band of the extremely high frequency range EHF (Extremely High Frequency), 30–300 GHz.