bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El ascendiente de Thomson y Saint-Lambert en los romances rurales de Meléndez Valdés
Authors: GARCÍA CALDERÓN Ángeles
Published: June 2016

Trabajo que trata sobre la influencia tradicionalmente mencionada por la crítica y estudiosos del poeta extremeño de algunos autores extranjeros en la poesía moral y filosófica, sobre todo en los romances y en concreto de James Thomson y su imitador francés Saint-Lambert. Tras una introducción al tipo de poesía que va a triunfar en Europa en el siglo XVIII, formado por la asociación del tema de la naturaleza y el novedoso concepto de sensibilidad impuesto por Rousseau en Julie ou la Nouvelle Héloïse, se lleva a cabo un breve análisis de la situación de la poesía descriptiva de la naturaleza en Inglaterra anterior a Thomson y la importancia de su poema The Seasons, que será traducido, imitado y adaptado en Europa y del cual se transcribe el texto en el que basarán Saint-Lambert y luego el propio Meléndez. Una segunda parte disecciona la adaptación francesa de Saint-Lambert, que ya en el prólogo pone de relieve tanto la intención de su imitación como aquello que lo separa de su modelo. Finalmente, un breve análisis del poema “Las vendimias” (que consta de 208 octosílabos), muestra la escasa influencia del original y su imitador francés, a no ser en el tema elegido, que Meléndez utiliza para describir las costumbres de los vendimiadores extremeños.
Relaciones interdisciplinares entre la Traductología y la Lingüística Cognitiva
Authors: GÓMEZ PARRA M. Elena , LARREA ESPINAR Ángela M. , RAIGÓN RODRÍGUEZ Antonio R.
Published: June 2016

La relación entre estas dos disciplinas, en un principio, tan distantes entre sí, se hace patente si contemplamos la traducción como un proceso, más que como un resultado. Es decir, la Traductología es una ciencia que, tal y como J.S. Holmes (1978) señala, se divide en tres apartados: la traducción contemplada como producto (considerada como un resultado y que, por tanto, se puede comparar y evaluar); la traducción considerada como función (aspecto desde el que se estudia su función en el sistema cultural de llegada) y, por último, la traducción considerada como proceso (es decir, los parámetros cognitivos que rigen el acto de la traducción). La finalidad de este artículo es realizar una revisión teórica sobre las relaciones entre ambas disciplinas, ya que cada vez son más numerosos los estudios en este sentido (Tymoczko 2005; O‘Brien 2011; Risku 2011). Finalmente, señalaremos las relaciones que estas disciplinas muestran con los estudios culturales y cómo éstos influyen notablemente en su desarrollo.
Delphine de Mme de Stäel o un alegato contra la norma imperante
Authors: HUERTAS ABRIL Cristina , MARTÍNEZ OJEDA Beatriz
Published: June 2016

El comienzo del siglo XIX francés se encuentra marcado por la euforia derivada del triunfo de la revolución. No obstante, los acontecimientos históricos pronto mostrarían que lo alcanzado en cuanto a libertades fue, en realidad, un fracaso que desencantó a la sociedad. En la literatura, a su vez, se produce el paso de la Ilustración al Romanticismo, donde la razón queda subordinada a los sentimientos. En este contexto encontramos a Madame de Stäel, una figura de gran importancia literaria y política, cuyas obras ponen de relieve las inquietudes de la mujer aristocrática del siglo XIX. En este trabajo pretendemos realizar un estudio de los principales elementos feministas de su novela epistolar Delphine (1802), así como de algunos aspectos destacados de la traducción al español realizada por Juan Ángel Caamaño.
La poesía intimista de Anne Bradstreet
Authors: GARCÍA CALDERÓN Ángeles
Published: June 2016

El trabajo analiza la obra de la primera poetisa de la literatura americana, que describe como se desarrolló la vida de los primeros peregrinos en la colonia de Nueva Inglaterra. Pionera, asimismo, en la descripción de una poesía interior desprovista de todo artificio, que con el paso de los siglos ha ido adquiriendo su verdadera dimensión en lo que concierne a autenticidad y pureza de sentimientos.
El concepto de “contexto” en las traducciones inglés-español: una aproximación sociolingüística a las competencias y decisiones del traductor
Authors: RIVAS CARMONA María del Mar , CARRANZA MÁRQUEZ Aurelia
Published: June 2016

El presente trabajo se inscribe en la tendencia actual de estudios interdisciplinares que analizan la interconexión entre factores culturales y discursivos. Gracias al "giro pragmático" y el "giro cultural" en los estudios traductológicos que comenzaran a gestarse en los años 70 la traducción pasó a entenderse como una "transferencia cultural" (Bassnett 1998). Por este motivo, es obvio que entre las competencias del traductor, además de la competencia comunicativa y textual en las lenguas y culturas origen y meta, es necesaria la competencia cultural y temática de los textos que ha de traducir. Siguiendo un análisis tanto discursivo como traductológico, nuestro trabajo estudia dos textos extraídos de géneros tan diferentes como el literario y el subtitulado de películas originales de habla inglesa al español. En ambos textos se evidencia un desfase entre texto origen y texto meta que no cabe atribuir simplemente a deslices en el uso del español como instrumento comunicativo sino a fallos en la competencia cultural y temática por parte del traductor. Se trata, en suma, de que no se ha atendido al contexto específico ni cultural en la labor de traducción al español.
Effects of Emotional Labor and Adaptive Selling Behavior on Job Performance
Authors: Wang Xifeng , Wang Guocai , Hou Wee Chow
Published: June 2016

We examined the effects of salespersons' emotional labor strategies on adaptive selling behavior and individual job performance in the direct selling industry. Participants were 254 salespeople who completed measures of deep acting, surface acting, adaptive selling behavior, and job
performance. The analysis results showed that salespersons' deep acting was positively related to adaptive selling behavior and job performance, whereas salespersons' surface acting was negatively related to adaptive selling behavior and job performance. In addition, adaptive selling behavior
partially mediated the relationship between emotional labor strategies and job performance. These suggestions will allow human resource managers to select the right employees and prepare them to meet customers' varied requirements through using deep acting, demonstrating adaptive selling behavior,
and minimizing the detrimental effect of surface acting as much as possible.
Gender, Coping, and Mental Health: a Bayesian Network Model Analysis
Authors: Moret-Tatay Carmen , Beneyto-Arrojo María José , Laborde-Bois Sonsoles Cabrera , Martínez-Rubio David , Senent-Capuz Nuria
Published: June 2016

We examined the relationships among gender, coping, and mental health in terms of probabilities. We selected a sample of university students (N = 131) aged between 18 and 32 years, and used the GHQ-28 and COPE instruments for analysis. The Bayesian network model that we constructed
showed higher probabilities of symptoms of mental health problems for emotion-focused coping than for problem-focused coping. No differences were found regarding gender. This suggests that the use of problem-focused coping is more recommendable for both male and female university students,
and it may also provide some benefits in terms of treatment of symptoms of mental health problems. However, to further verify our findings more research is necessary.
Interactional Justice and Employee Silence: The Roles of Procedural Justice and Affect
Authors: Huang Liang , Huang Wenfeng
Published: June 2016

In order to explore further the contingent influence mechanism of interactional justice on employee silence, we investigated how procedural justice moderates the interactional justice– silence relationship directly and indirectly through affect, drawing on the group engagement
model and affect theories. We analyzed data collected from a survey completed by 272 Chinese subordinate–supervisor dyads and found that procedural justice strengthened the interactional justice–silence relationship both directly and indirectly through positive affect, and that
positive affect had a stronger moderating effect on the interactional justice–silence relationship than did negative affect. However, negative affect did not mediate the moderating effect of procedural justice on the interactional justice–silence relationship. Theoretical and practical
implications of these findings are discussed.
Cytological analysis of thyroglossal duct cysts
Authors: Mikac Gostimir , Biukovic Momcilo
Published: June 2016

Introduction. Thyroglossal duct cysts are regarded as congenital anomalies.
They arise from the residual segments of thyroglossal duct. A cancer with
the incidence rate from 1% to 1.5% may develop in thyroglossal duct cysts.
Approximately 30% of patients asked to be examined due to inflammatory
cysts. This study was aimed at determining the cytological characteristics
of thyroglossal duct cyst smear, such as cell specificity, cellularity and
the content of the extracellular matrix. Material and Methods. Thyroglossal
duct cyst smears were analyzed in 28 adult patients who had undergone the
fine-needle aspiration cytology in the period from 2004 to 2014. Three
patients underwent the surgery following the Sistrunk procedure. The rest of
the patients are in the process of monitoring. The monitoring process lasts
from 1 to 10 years. Results. As many as 27 out of 28 smears contained
macrophages, 9 contained stratified squamous epithelial cells and only 4
smears contained follicular cells. Granulocytes were present in 4 smears.
Two smears had scarce cellularity, 21 had moderate and 5 high cellularity.
Malignant cells were not observed. In 19 smears, extracellular matrix
consisted of cholesterol crystals. Conclusion. Thyroglossal duct cysts have
no specific cytological features. Macrophages are the dominant cell
population. Cholesterol crystals and stratified squamous epithelial cells
enable differentiation of thyroglossal duct cysts from thyroid gland cystic
nodules. Fine-needle aspiration cytology is necessary when assessing the
cellular composition of thyroglossal duct cysts in order to promptly detect
the possible presence of malignant cells and to conduct a surgical
treatment.
Prognostic factors for postoperative visual outcome in surgically treated suprasellar meningiomas
Authors: Grkovic Desanka , Davidovic Sofija
Published: June 2016

Introduction. The prognosis of postoperative visual acuity in patients with
surgically treated suprasellar meningiomas is influenced not only by the size
and precise localization of meningiomas in the optochiasmatic region and
their compressive effect, but also by certain parameters, such as the age of
patient, duration of symptoms, and preoperative visual acuity. The purpose of
this study was to analyze the influence of these factors on postoperative
visual acuity in the patients with surgically treated optochiasmatic
meningioma as well as to determine their prognostic value in the recovery of
visual function after surgery. Material and Methods. The study sample
consisted of 43 patients operated for suprasellar meningioma. All tumors
were diagnosed by computed tomography or nuclear magnetic resonance scans.
Visual acuity was analyzed both before surgery and six months after surgery.
The effects of age, preoperative visual loss, duration of visual symptoms and
tumor size on visual outcome were analyzed. Results. Postoperative
improvement of visual acuity was observed in 50% of eyes (68.4% of patients).
Visual outcome was better in the younger patients. The patients with better
preoperative visual acuity had better postoperative visual acuity outcome.
Chances of achieving better postoperative visual function and favorable
tumor resection outcome were inversely proportional to the increased length
of history of disease and tumor size. Conclusion. Postoperative visual acuity
prognosis in suprasellar meningioma surgery was favorably affected by the
mean duration of symptoms of less than 24 months, tumor size less than 30 mm,
and preoperative visual acuity loss below 0.1.
Silent sinus syndrome: One more reason for an ophthalmologist to have a rhinologist as a good friend
Authors: Jovancevic Ljiljana , Canadanovic Vladimir , Savovic Slobodan , Zvezdin Biljana , Komazec Zoran
Published: June 2016

nema
First experiences with the Fitmore® hip stem: Early results of the 16-month monitoring
Authors: Mladenovic Marko , Micic Ivan , Stojiljkovic Predrag , Milenkovic Sasa , Mladenovic Desimir
Published: June 2016

Background/Aim. Fitmore? hip stem belongs to the group of short stem prostheses with the metaphysar stabilization, with its shape and form that protects the bone mass in the greater trochanter region and the distal part of the femur. The aim of this paper was to present the early postoperative results in patients with implanted Fitmore? hip stem and point out some of the advantages. Methods. A series of 10 patients with implanted Fitmore? hip stem, was included in this study. The average age of the patients was 54.5 (48?65) years. There were 5 women and 5 men. The total monitoring time was 16 months. To rate the condition of the hip joint we used The Western Ontario and Mc Master Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score. We also monitored the degree of hip pain, hip flexion, heterotopic ossification and indentation in the stem of the prosthesis. Results. After 12 months of monitoring 9 (90%) of the patients had no pain in the thigh region, and only 1 (10%) experienced mild pain. The hip flexion rose from the average 89? to postoperative 114?. WOMAC score rose as well, from 49 to 94 average points. Indentation in the stem was registered 3 months after the operation in 2 (20%) of the patients ? in one of the patients the indentation was 3 mm and in the other patient 5 mm. After the 16-month monitoring, the results were excellent. The monitoring period was short though it should be continued and the results should be presented after 5 and then after 10 years. Conclusion. Early results of the implantation Fitmore stem showed good bone ingrowth with excellent functional result.
Contemporary reform of the criminal proceedings in the Republic of Serbia: Legal history view
Authors: Cvorovic Zoran
Published: June 2016

This article aims to review some solutions in the Criminal Procedure Code
(CPC) from 2011, which represents breaking with former Serbian and Yugoslav
tradition in criminal proceedings. These are, primarily, novelties related
to opportunism in prosecution, plea bargaining and presentation of evidence
by parties that all devalue principles of material truth determination in
proceedings. This work establishes connection between the aforementioned
solutions of Serbian legislator and the development of continental European
criminal proceeding over centuries. Comparative historical legal analysis of
these norms in the Serbian CPC begins with the key turning point in the
development of the continental European criminal proceedings - suppression of
the adversarial system by the inquisitorial proceedings in the XVI and XVII
centuries. As this change has been closely related to the transition of, up
to then, dominant type of states (feudal mosaic states to absolute
monarchies), these modern changes in criminal proceedings are analyzed not
only from the point of view of criminal procedure evolution, but also from
the point of view of the evolution of states. In England, country of origin
of Anglo-Saxon civilization, the old adversarial system was not transformed
into inquisitorial, contrary to the development of the continental criminal
proceedings. This transformation was prevented by Puritan revolution,
similarly as it prevented the transformation of English state into absolute
monarchy. Continental and Anglo-Saxon criminal proceedings have developed as
two completely separate systems since then. This article further elaborates
some of the key criminal law traditions in continental criminal proceedings
and substantive criminal law which resulted from the introduction of the
inquisitorial proceedings: development of complicity and guilt as institutes,
final suppression of self-representation, incrimination of false testimony
and perjury. These are directly related to the active role assigned to court
in inquisitorial proceedings, and to court?s obligation to determine material
truth. Changes in the role of court also result from the change of states;
while weak feudal states were satisfied with passive courts, powerful
absolute monarchies demanded courts with active role in all phases of
proceedings. Modern Americanization of some European proceeding regulations,
as it is the case in Serbia, brings discontinuation in legal proceeding
tradition of these states, but also, necessarily, influences regression into
domination of adversarial proceedings character?ized by passive court. In
continental tradition it also consequently indicates a weak state.
The institution of appelation in the legal system of the Ottoman Empire during the transitional period
Authors: Pavlovic Miroslav , Kresic Ognjen
Published: June 2016

The institution of appellation represented one of the basic principles of the
organization of the Ottoman Empire, as well as one of the principal
institutions of the Islamic legal system. It was based on the concept of a
just rule, or in other words, the principles of legal security and universal
access to justice for all subjects of a state. The decentralization process
in the Ottoman Empire during the transitional period (XVII-XVIII centuries)
caused a change in the relations between center and periphery. That stirred
an abrupt expansion of the institution of appellation through the ?ik?yet (or
ahk?m) administration, especially after 1742. This paper attempts to analyze
the process of expansion of the institution of appellation and its real role
in the Ottoman legal system. On the other hand, the goal of the research is
also to position it inside the framework of the provincial proto-political
struggles.
The interrelations of feminist, postfeminist, psychoanalytic and theoretical psychoanalytic positions: Dialogues and tensions
Authors: Stojanovic Dragana
Published: June 2016

The fields of feminism/postfeminism and psychoanalysis/theoretical
psychoanalysis share common focal points oriented toward the questions around
the gendered subjectivity and the mechanisms which subject the subject and
his/her body to the socially accepted/prefered gender standards. Speaking
about that, feminism and psychoanalysis, as theoretical strategies, enter
into mutual interrelation of both dialogue and tension. Working with some of
the basic hypotheses of those disciplines, this paper aims to show the
potential of analytical-comparative approach to feminist and psycho?analytic
theoretical strategies, accentuating at the same time the importance of their
dialogue as the means of better understanding of the femaleness and gender
in general in the actual context of living.
Identity in different contexts: Traditionalism, modernism and postmodernism
Authors: Lucic Miomirka
Published: June 2016

The paper puts emphasis on the experience of cultural identity through
various social contexts: traditionalism, modernism and postmodernism. Special
attention is directed towards the analysis of the position of an individual,
and the social framework in which that individual creates his/her identity.
Analysis of different theoretical approaches reveals that the cultural
identity is a category which permanently changes, but we should not lose
sight of the fact that there are certain determinants which suggest that
cultural identity in traditional, modern and postmodern societies bears
certain similarities. In most scientific studies there is a claim that an
individual overcame his/her ontological connection to community and
dependence on it, and that reflexivity becomes the norm. However, if you go
deeper into the essence of social relations you can find that space for
individuality and free acting of an individual is freed from heteronomy as a
traditional form of behavior, but not freed from the strong influence of
market ideology that largely determines and affects human activities.
Therefore, an individual more and more consumes what already exits, while
less and less acts as an authentic creator. That dependence goes through a
metamorphosis, expressing itself in a different form and with different
intensity in different social contexts, but does not disappear.
Academic sell-out: How an obsession with metrics and rankings is damaging academia
Authors: Gruber Thorsten
Published: June 2016

Increasingly, academics have to demonstrate that their research has academic
impact. Universities normally use journal rankings and journal impact factors
to assess the research impact of individual academics. More recently,
citation counts for individual articles and the h-index have also been used
to measure the academic impact of academics. There are, however, several
serious problems with relying on journal rankings, journal impact factors and
citation counts. For example, articles without any impact may be published in
highly ranked journals or journals with high impact factor, whereas articles
with high impact could be published in lower ranked journals or journals with
low impact factor. Citation counts can also be easily gamed and manipulated
and the h-index disadvantages early career academics. This paper discusses
these and several other problems and suggests alternatives such as
post-publication peer review and open-access journals.
Perspectives on Past and Future AIS Research as the Journal of Information Systems Turns Thirty
Authors: Moffitt Kevin C. , Richardson Vernon J. , Snow Neal M. , Weisner Martin M. , Wood David A.
Published: June 2016

This paper complements a panel session pertaining to past and future AIS research that was held during the 2015 American Accounting Association Annual Meeting. There are two main parts to this commentary. First, using text mining techniques on AIS article abstracts for the period 1986–2014, we identify the top research themes across three leading AIS journals (Journal of Information Systems, International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, and Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting). We chart the usage of these themes over time and discuss their shifting popularity. Second, we speculate on the future of AIS research and identify a series of broad research streams that may garner greater importance over the next 30 years. A host of broad research questions accompany the discussion of emerging and anticipated research streams in order to motivate and guide future research.
Biomechanical comparison of short-segment posterior fixation including the fractured level and circumferential fixation for unstable burst fractures of the lumbar spine in a calf spine model
Authors: Sait Azad , Prabhav Nadipi Reddy , Sekharappa Vijay , Rajan Reshma , Raj N. Arunai Nambi , David Kenny Samuel
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE

There has been a transition from long- to short-segment instrumentation for unstable burst fractures to preserve motion segments. Circumferential fixation allows a stable short-segment construct, but the associated morbidity and complications are high. Posterior short-segment fixation spanning one level above and below the fractured vertebra has led to clinical failures. Augmentation of this method by including the fractured level in the posterior instrumentation has given promising clinical results. The purpose of this study is to compare the biomechanical stability of short-segment posterior fixation including the fractured level (SSPI) to circumferential fixation in thoracolumbar burst fractures.

METHODS

An unstable burst fracture was created in 10 fresh-frozen bovine thoracolumbar spine specimens, which were grouped into a Group A and a Group B. Group A specimens were instrumented with SSPI and Group B with circumferential fixation. Biomechanical characteristics including range of motion (ROM) and load-displacement curves were recorded for the intact and instrumented specimens using Universal Testing Device and stereophotogrammetry.

RESULTS

In Group A, ROM in flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and axial rotation was reduced by 46.9%, 52%, 49.3%, and 45.5%, respectively, compared with 58.1%, 46.5%, 66.6%, and 32.6% in Group B. Stiffness of the construct was increased by 77.8%, 59.8%, 67.8%, and 258.9% in flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and axial rotation, respectively, in Group A compared with 80.6%, 56.1%, 82.6%, and 121.2% in Group B; no statistical difference between the two groups was observed.

CONCLUSIONS

SSPI has comparable stiffness to that of circumferential fixation.
Humanizing Finance by Hedging Property Values
Authors: Roig Hernando Jaume
Published: June 2016

The recent financial crisis triggered the greatest recession since the 1930s and had a devastating impact on households’ wealth and on their capacity to reduce their indebtedness. In the aftermath, it became clear that there is significant room for improvement in property risk management. While there has been innovation in the management of corporate finance risk, real estate has lagged behind. Now is the time to expand the range of tools available for hedging households’ risks and, thus, to advance the democratization of finance. Property equity represents the major asset in households’ portfolios in developed and undeveloped countries. The present paper analyzes a set of potential innovations in real estate risk management, such as price level-adjusted mortgages, property derivatives, and home equity value insurance. Financial institutions, households, and governments should work together to improve the performance of the financial instruments available and, thus, to help mitigate the worst impacts of economic cycles.
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Biphenylurea Derivatives Containing Indolin-2-one Moieties
Authors: Eldehna Wagdy , Fares Mohamed , Ibrahim Hany , Alsherbiny Muhammad , Aly Mohamed , Ghabbour Hazem , Abdel-Aziz Hatem
Published: June 2016

In our endeavor towards the development of potent anticancer agents, two different sets of biphenylurea-indolinone conjugates, 5a–s and 8a,b were synthesized. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was examined in two human cancer cell lines, namely MCF-7 breast cancer and PC-3 prostate cancer cells using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric assay. In particular, the MCF-7 cancer cell line was more susceptible to the synthesized compounds. Compound 5o (IC50 = 1.04 ± 0.10 μM) emerged as the most active member in this study against MCF-7, with 7-fold increased activity compared to the reference drug, doxorubicin (IC50 = 7.30 ± 0.84 μM). Compounds 5l, 5q and 8b also exhibited superior cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 with IC50 values of 1.93 ± 0.17, 3.87 ± 0.31 and 4.66 ± 0.42 μM, respectively. All of the tested compounds were filtered according to the Lipinski and Veber rules and all of them passed the filters. Additionally, several ADME descriptors for the synthesized compounds 5a–s and 8a,b were predicted via a theoretical kinetic study performed using the Discovery Studio 2.5 software.
The Use of a Recombinant Canarypox-Based Equine Influenza Vaccine during the 2007 Australian Outbreak: A Systematic Review and Summary
Authors: Paillot Romain , El-Hage Charles
Published: June 2016

In 2007, Australia experienced the most extensive equine influenza outbreak observed in recent years. Extraordinary measures were rapidly implemented in order to control and prevent the spread of this highly contagious disease. The control strategy involved stringent movement restriction and disease surveillance, seconded by emergency post-outbreak vaccination strategies. Sixteen months after the first case and 12 months following the last reported case, Australia regained its equine influenza-free OIE status. This systematic review reports and summarises information relating to the implementation of emergency vaccination during the 2007 Australian equine influenza outbreak, including the choice of vaccine and implementation strategies.
An IMU Evaluation Method Using a Signal Grafting Scheme
Authors: Niu Xiaoji , Wang Qiang , Li You , Zhang Quan , Jiang Peng
Published: June 2016

As various inertial measurement units (IMUs) from different manufacturers appear every year, it is not affordable to evaluate every IMU through tests. Therefore, this paper presents an IMU evaluation method by grafting data from the tested IMU to the reference data from a higher-grade IMU. The signal grafting (SG) method has several benefits: (a) only one set of field tests with a higher-grade IMU is needed, and can be used to evaluate numerous IMUs. Thus, SG is effective and economic because all data from the tested IMU is collected in the lab; (b) it is a general approach to compare navigation performances of various IMUs by using the same reference data; and, finally, (c) through SG, one can first evaluate an IMU in the lab, and then decide whether to further test it. Moreover, this paper verified the validity of SG to both medium- and low-grade IMUs, and presents and compared two SG strategies, i.e., the basic-error strategy and the full-error strategy. SG provided results similar to field tests, with a difference of under 5% and 19.4%–26.7% for tested tactical-grade and MEMS IMUs. Meanwhile, it was found that dynamic IMU errors were essential to guarantee the effect of the SG method.
Reliability Evaluation for Clustered WSNs under Malware Propagation
Authors: Shen Shigen , Huang Longjun , Liu Jianhua , Champion Adam , Yu Shui , Cao Qiying
Published: June 2016

We consider a clustered wireless sensor network (WSN) under epidemic-malware propagation conditions and solve the problem of how to evaluate its reliability so as to ensure efficient, continuous, and dependable transmission of sensed data from sensor nodes to the sink. Facing the contradiction between malware intention and continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) randomness, we introduce a strategic game that can predict malware infection in order to model a successful infection as a CTMC state transition. Next, we devise a novel measure to compute the Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) of a sensor node, which represents the reliability of a sensor node continuously performing tasks such as sensing, transmitting, and fusing data. Since clustered WSNs can be regarded as parallel-serial-parallel systems, the reliability of a clustered WSN can be evaluated via classical reliability theory. Numerical results show the influence of parameters such as the true positive rate and the false positive rate on a sensor node’s MTTF. Furthermore, we validate the method of reliability evaluation for a clustered WSN according to the number of sensor nodes in a cluster, the number of clusters in a route, and the number of routes in the WSN.
Anti-Human Endoglin (hCD105) Immunotoxin—Containing Recombinant Single Chain Ribosome-Inactivating Protein Musarmin 1
Authors: Barriuso Begoña , Antolín Pilar , Arias F. , Girotti Alessandra , Jiménez Pilar , Cordoba-Diaz Manuel , Cordoba-Diaz Damián , Girbés Tomás
Published: June 2016

Endoglin (CD105) is an accessory component of the TGF-β receptor complex, which is expressed in a number of tissues and over-expressed in the endothelial cells of tumor neovasculature. Targeting endoglin with immunotoxins containing type 2 ribosome-inactivating proteins has proved an effective tool to reduce blood supply to B16 mice tumor xenografts. We prepared anti-endoglin immunotoxin (IT)—containing recombinant musarmin 1 (single chain ribosome-inactivating proteins) linked to the mouse anti-human CD105 44G4 mouse monoclonal antibody via N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (SPDP). The immunotoxin specifically killed L929 fibroblast mouse cells transfected with the short form of human endoglin with IC50 values in the range of 5 × 10−10 to 10−9 M.
Clinical Utility of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics to Maintain Normal Serum Potassium in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Fülöp Tibor , Zsom Lajos , Rodríguez Betzaida , Afshan Sabahat , Davidson Jamie V. , Szarvas Tibor , Dixit Mehul P. , Tapolyai Mihály B. , Rosivall László
Published: June 2016

Background

Hypokalemia is a vexing problem in end-stage renal disease patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), and oral potassium supplements (OPS) have limited palatability. Potassium-sparing diuretics (KSD) (spironolactone, amiloride) may be effective in these patients.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional review of 75 current or past (vintage > 6 months) PD patients with regard to serum potassium (K+), OPS, and KSD utilization. We reviewed charts for multiple clinical and laboratory variables, including dialysis adequacy, residual renal function, nutritional status and co-existing medical therapy.

Results

The cohort was middle-aged with a mean age of 49.2 years (standard deviation [SD] = 14.7) and overweight with a body mass index of 29.5 (6.7) kg/m2. Of all the participants, 57.3% were female, 73.3% African-American, and 48% diabetic with an overall PD vintage of 28.2 (24.3) months at the time of enrollment. Weekly Kt/V was 2.12 (0.43), creatinine clearance was 73.5 (33.6) L/week/1.73 m2 with total daily exchange volume of 10.8 (2.7) L. Residual urine output (RUO) measured at 440 (494) mL (anuric 30.6%). Three-month averaged serum K+ measured at 4 (0.5) mmol/L with 36% of the participants receiving K+ supplements (median: 20 [0;20] mmol/day) and 41.3% KSD (spironolactone dose: 25 – 200 mg/day; amiloride dose: 5 – 10 mg/day). Serum K+ correlated positively with weekly Kt/V (r = 0.239; p = 0.039), PD vintage (r = 0.272; p = 0.018) but not with PD modality, daily exchange volume, RUO, or KSD use. However, KSD use was associated with decreased use of OPS (r = -0.646; p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Potassium-sparing diuretics were effective in this cohort of PD patients and decreased the need for OPS utilization.
Understanding interferometry for micro-cantilever displacement detection
Authors: von Schmidsfeld Alexander , Nörenberg Tobias , Temmen Matthias , Reichling Michael
Published: June 2016

Interferometric displacement detection in a cantilever-based non-contact atomic force microscope (NC-AFM) operated in ultra-high vacuum is demonstrated for the Michelson and Fabry–Pérot modes of operation. Each mode is addressed by appropriately adjusting the distance between the fiber end delivering and collecting light and a highly reflective micro-cantilever, both together forming the interferometric cavity. For a precise measurement of the cantilever displacement, the relative positioning of fiber and cantilever is of critical importance. We describe a systematic approach for accurate alignment as well as the implications of deficient fiber–cantilever configurations. In the Fabry–Pérot regime, the displacement noise spectral density strongly decreases with decreasing distance between the fiber-end and the cantilever, yielding a noise floor of 24 fm/Hz0.5 under optimum conditions.
Unusual traits of cis and trans-2,3-dibromo-1,1-dimethylindane on the way from 1,1-dimethylindene to 2-bromo-, 3-bromo-, and 2,3-dibromo-1,1-dimethylindene
Authors: Knorr Rudolf , Stephenson David S , Lattke Ernst , Böhrer Petra , Ruhdorfer Jakob
Published: June 2016

Do not rely on the widely accepted rule that vicinal, sp3-positioned protons in cyclopentene moieties should always have more positive 3J NMR coupling constants for the cis than for the trans arrangement: Unrecognized exceptions might misguide one to wrong stereochemical assignments and thence to erroneous mechanistic conclusions. We show here that two structurally innocent-looking 2,3-dibromo-1,1-dimethylindanes violate the rule by means of their values of 3J(cis) = 6.1 Hz and 3J(trans) = 8.4 Hz. The stereoselective formation of the trans diastereomer from 1,1-dimethylindene was improved with the tribromide anion (Br3−) as the brominating agent in place of elemental bromine; the ensuing, regiospecific HBr elimination afforded 3-bromo-1,1-dimethylindene. The addition of elemental bromine to the latter compound, followed by thermal HBr elimination, furnished 2,3-dibromo-1,1-dimethylindene, whose Br/Li interchange reaction, precipitation, and subsequent protolysis yielded only 2-bromo-1,1-dimethylindene.
Un si vilain petit canard. Sens des éléments culturels en clinique de l’adoption
Authors: Fouqué Frédérique
Published: June 2016

Souvent, en consultation adoption internationale, les parents comme les enfants nous parlent de culture. De la culture d’origine des enfants, et des représentations qu’ils y associent. Cet article est un travail clinique, auprès de Lila et de sa mère, qui tente de repérer ce que recouvrent ces éléments culturels, d’en saisir la fonction psychique. Puis nous tentons des hypothèses plus généralistes. La construction identitaire des enfants adoptés, via leur filiation comme leurs affiliations, se nourrit de représentations culturelles parfois écran, néanmoins point d’appui possible pour penser leur métissage.
Effects of Tourniquet Release on Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Tie Kai , Hu Dongcai , Qi Yongjian , Wang Hua , Chen Liaobin
Published: June 2016

This study investigated the clinical outcomes of early and late tourniquet release (tourniquet release after cementing the prosthesis vs tourniquet release after wound closure and pressure dressing) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The study was conducted by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central databases for articles on randomized controlled trials comparing early and late tourniquet release in primary TKA that were published from 1966 to March 2015. Relevant data were extracted, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale was used to assess the methodologic quality. Stata software (StatCorp, College Station, Texas) was used to perform a meta-analysis. Sixteen articles were included with a total of 1073 patients and 1097 knees. For blood loss, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in calculated blood loss, decrease in hemoglobin level, drop in hematocrit level, and measured postoperative blood loss, although total measured blood loss and postoperative blood transfusion rate were significantly higher in the early tourniquet release group than in the late tourniquet release group. No statistical differences were found for operative time and incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) between the 2 groups. Wound complication rate in the early tourniquet release group was significantly lower than in the late tourniquet release group. Primary TKA with early tourniquet release is similar to TKA with late tourniquet release regarding perioperative blood loss, operative time, and incidence of DVT. Early tourniquet release reduced the incidence of wound complications compared with late tourniquet release. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(4):e642–e650.]
Predictors of Septic Arthritis in the Adult Population
Authors: Borzio Robert , Mulchandani Neil , Pivec Robert , Kapadia Bhaveen H. , Leven Dante , Harwin Steven F. , Urban William P.
Published: June 2016

Septic arthritis is a devastating condition; well-established criteria for diagnosis exist in the pediatric population, but not for adults. This study evaluated patient factors and laboratory parameters that may be associated with the diagnosis of septic arthritis in adults. A total of 458 knee aspirates for suspected septic arthritis were evaluated with serum and synovial leukocyte counts and differentials as well as Kocher criteria for pediatric septic arthritis. Twenty-two patients (4.8%) had septic arthritis confirmed by a positive synovial fluid culture. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum white blood cell (WBC) counts were not statistically different between the 2 groups, with 64% of septic arthritis patients having a normal serum WBC count and 77% being afebrile. Mean synovial fluid WBC count was 26,758 cells/µL and 70,581 cells/µL in the nonseptic and septic groups, respectively. The likelihood ratio for a synovial fluid WBC count greater than 65,000 cells/µL was 2.8 (95% confidence interval, 1.2–6.7). Evaluation receiver operating characteristic curves using synovial WBC counts resulted in a significant area under the curve of 0.66 (
P
=.02). To achieve 90% specificity, a WBC cutoff of 64,000 cells/µL was required with a corresponding sensitivity of 40%. There was no significant difference in the synovial cell differential of 80% vs 90% in diagnosing infection. Synovial fluid WBC count greater than 64,000 cells/µL yielded the optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes, ESR, serum WBC count, fever, and weight-bearing status were not significant predictors of septic arthritis. This study demonstrates the limited utility of Kocher criteria in the adult population and the importance of synovial leukocyte counts. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(4):e657–e663.]
Geographies of Origin and Proximity: Approaches to Local Agro-Food Systems
Authors: Sanz-Cañada Javier , Muchnik José
Published: June 2016

The present paper aims to provide a critical review with respect to the literature on Local Agro-Food Systems (LAFS) in America and Europe over the last two decades, devoted to investigating the geographies of the relationships between territory and identity-based food products. In studies on LAFS, the concept of origin of food products is based upon a historical and bio-cultural analysis of food identity. Debates on territorial anchorage focus on the causal factors —natural, cultural and socio-economic— that a distinctive territory imprints on the specific attributes of identity-based foods. Moreover, the notion of geographical and organisational proximity aligns with a socio-cultural and economic approach to collective action aiming at rural development. A LAFS implies a certain spatial density and a network of mutually cooperating farms, firms and institutions, specialised in producing and marketing an identity-based food product, what can in turn be used to valorise the food identity both on the markets and also by contributing to the creation of common and public goods. A transdisciplinary view is required both for comprehending the emergence and evolution over centuries of the identity-based foods and also for understanding the role they play in constructing more sustainable rural development in the future.
Collective action and symbolic capital in the artisanal fisheries: An analysis of the Local Food Systems of Reloncaví Estuary (Los Lagos), Chile
Authors: Saavedra Gallo Gonzalo , Macías Vázquez Alfredo
Published: June 2016

In a post-industrial economy, it is as important to understand “material” productive processes in the local community as the processes through which global value chains “expropriate” or “co-opt” common immaterial assets. However, the literature on collective action and the management of common goods generally focuses on matters of the control and governance of material resources. The article commences with an analysis of the relations between the production of value, collective action and the rentier nature of contemporary capitalism and its entrepreneurial ideology. Then, we present a detailed analysis of the case of mytilid seed capture in the Reloncaví Estuary (Los Lagos Region, Chile). This case shows us the failure of modernisation policies which are based on converting local producers into modern entrepreneurs. To adopt a successful value strategy, a very different problem must be addressed, namely the difficulties of local communities in managing successfully their own common immaterial values. Faced with the dichotomous logic of neoliberalism, communities must reunite these immaterial values and the associated common material resources, and modulate the friction between them.
Salers Protected Designation of Origin cheese, France. The diversity and paradox of local knowledge in geographical indications
Authors: Bérard Laurence , Casabianca François , Montel Marie-Christine , Agabriel Claire , Bouche Rémi
Published: June 2016

Our case study of Salers cheese production in south-central France highlights how place-specific knowledge grounds the various networks shaping the rise of geographical indications (GI) in food production. In 1961, Salers cheese producers created a “Protected Designation of Origin” (PDO). To preserve the distinctive character of their product, they opted to require use of the gerle, a traditional wooden vat, and an on-farm cheese making process. The gerle came recently under scrutiny from French governmental hygiene regulation enforcement, and the subsequent public controversy jeopardized the entire supply chain and destabilized Salers cheese-making methods. Prevailing in their efforts to protect Salers, producers established the gerle as mandatory and have since set up a governance board to ensure PDO brand integrity. Our analysis suggests that the diversity of technical choices and associated set of knowledge in Salers cheese production has paradoxically been both its strength and weakness. Local agricultural know-how forges links among participants in Salers networks, connecting cheese producers and consumers, to cattle, microbes, landscapes, wooden tools, and cheeses. Yet, diversity of local expertise creates a tension among producers who must collaborate to achieve unified standards within a PDO while resisting homogeneity. Such results contribute to discussing on PDO governance: an arena to share, compare, and unite local knowledge is critical for GI and thus for sustainable agricultural systems.
Les maux de la guerre à travers les mots du pilote Alex dans la série In Treatment (HBO, 2008-2010)
Authors: Hatchuel Sarah
Published: June 2016

Cet article se propose d’analyser comment la guerre est représentée, dans la série In Treatment (HBO, 2008-2010), sans « images de guerre », à travers les simples mots d’un patient (le pilote de chasse Alex Prince) à son thérapeute. Si la guerre réapparaît, de manière décentrée, dans les attaques d’Alex envers son psychanalyste, son manque de coopération, son désir de se poser en client tout-puissant et en « mâle dominant » qui nie toute culpabilité et tout traumatisme, la guerre reste par ailleurs irreprésentable, le patient reste in-traitable, jusqu’à mettre en crise la sérialité et la continuité même du programme.
Human subjects protection in the African context
Authors: Howell Embry , Obado-Joel Jennifer
Published: June 2016

Research and evaluation are growing in Africa. All evaluators have an ethical responsibility to protect their research subjects from harm that could occur if sensitive data are revealed. In this article, we use a literature and document review to provide an overview of the protection of human subjects internationally and in Africa; we then use interviews with evaluators working in Africa to place human subjects protection principles and practice in an African context. We conclude that human subjects protection must be supported by improved guidelines tailored to the African context and local conditions; improved infrastructure for implementing and enforcing the guidelines; and increased training in awareness of human subjects principles and approaches. These efforts could stimulate increased research and evaluation and more confidence in results in the communities where research is conducted.