bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMAGINER 2—improving accuracy with augmented realIty navigation system during placement of external ventricular drains over Kaufman's, Keen's, Kocher's and Frazier's point
Authors: Vychopen Martin , Kropla Fabian , Winkler Dirk , Güresir Erdem , Grunert Ronny , Wach Johannes
Published: January 2025

Background

External ventricular drain (EVD) placement is a routine neurosurgical procedure used to treat acute hydrocephalus and monitor intracranial pressure. Kocher's point is the most commonly used anatomical landmark, but other entry points can be challenging even for experienced neurosurgeons. Augmented reality (AR) may enhance the accuracy and safety of these procedures. Previous studies demonstrated improved ventriculostomy accuracy using AR among novices. This study evaluates AR's impact on EVD placement accuracy performed by experienced neurosurgeons.

Methods

Eighteen neurosurgical experts performed ventriculostomies on a Styrofoam head model using Kaufman's, Keen's, Kocher's, and Frazier's points. Punctures were performed freehand (Freehand group) and with AR assistance (AR group). Post-procedure CT scans were used to compare the actual catheter tip positions with the ideal positions. Accuracy was assessed by the distance between real and ideal catheter tips and by Kakarla grading.

Results

The AR group had a mean tip distance of 16.93 ± 9.38 mm compared to 21.71 ± 9.69 mm in the Freehand group (p = 0.003). The AR group also showed better Kakarla grading outcomes (Grade 1: n = 26, Grade 3: n = 26) vs. the Freehand group (Grade 1: n = 7, Grade 3: n = 53; p < 0.0001). Neurosurgeons with ≥7 years of experience demonstrated higher accuracy across both methods (p = 0.040).

Conclusion

AR significantly enhances the accuracy of EVD placement, particularly using Kaufman's, Keen's, Kocher's, and Frazier's points, with experienced neurosurgeons benefiting the most from AR assistance.
DMMR status and synchronous lesions predicts metachronous lesions after curative resection for rectal cancer
Authors: Chen Xijie , Chen Junguo , Xu Liang , Lin Dezheng , Hong Xiaoling , Peng Junsheng , He Xiaowen , Hu Jiancong
Published: January 2025

Background

There are no established standard colonoscopy surveillance protocols for patients after curative rectal cancer resection. We investigated the predictive factors for colorectal neoplasms during surveillance colonoscopies to identify patients who are at risk of developing metachronous neoplasms in the residual colorectum.

Methods

This was a single-center, retrospective study that included patients with diagnosis of rectal carcinoma who had undergone curative resection from October 2012 to June 2018. Clinicopathological variables were analyzed by logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors independently associated with metachronous neoplasms in patients that underwent curative rectal cancer surgery.

Results

In all, 554 patients were included in the analysis. Deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) status was recorded in 20 (3.6%) patients. At the surveillance colonoscopies, 118 patients (21.3%) had metachronous neoplasms while 169 patients (30.5%) had metachronous polyps. The median time interval between index colonoscopy and the last surveillance colonoscopy was 736.5 (476.75–1,082.25) days. Univariable and multivariable analysis showed dMMR status, synchronous adenomas/polyps, surveillance time > 3, and longer surveillance period patients were significant risk factors for development of metachronous lesions; in subgroup analysis, we also found that among rectal cancer patients with synchronous adenomas, adenomas located in the left colon and rectum, and longer surveillance period were independent risk factors for detecting metachronous adenomas.

Conclusions

This study underscored the importance of extended follow-up protocols and targeted surveillance for identifying and managing metachronous lesions in dMMR rectal cancer patients, especially with synchronous adenomas. Further prospective, multicenter studies are needed to validate these results.
Identifications of Common Species and Descriptions of Two New Species of Siphonaria (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in China
Authors: Zang Guochen , Wang Jiahui , Ma Peizhen , Li Cui , Chen Ya , Tang Zeyu , Wang Haiyan
Published: January 2025

The genus Siphonaria G [...]
Electrolyte Concentration in Urine and Urinary Infection—Is There Any Relation?
Authors: Ferrão Ana Rita , Pestana Paula , Borges Lígia , Palmeira-de-Oliveira Rita , Palmeira-de-Oliveira Ana , Martinez-de-Oliveira José
Published: January 2025

Background: Sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, and magnesium in urine are useful biomarkers and are commonly evaluated in patients with different conditions. Urinary tract infections are among the most common diseases worldwide. However, their treatment poses significant challenges, particularly in hospitals, primarily due to antibiotic resistance and recurrence. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between ion concentrations in urine and the presence of infection. Methods: A total of 175 random urine samples were collected from patients who had a request for urine culture at the Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre in Portugal. In vitro contamination was also conducted, in which ten negative urine cultures were contaminated with an Escherichia coli strain to evaluate the direct effect of its presence on the concentration of the ions. Results: In total, 61 samples were found to be positive, following a consensual quantitative definition. For Ca, there was a significant association between its concentrations in positive and negative cultures. In ten negative urine cultures experimentally contaminated with an Escherichia coli strain, bacterial growth did not seem to affect the concentration of ions. In vitro contaminated samples were also inoculated on MacConkey agar and incubated. The results showed that Gram-negative bacteria do not seem to proliferate in environments with low Ca concentrations. Conclusions: The presence of higher concentrations of Ca may facilitate the multiplication of Gram-negative bacteria, which can potentially result in depletion of Ca in vivo to putatively potentiate an inflammatory response. The concentration of Na, K, Cl, and Mg does not seem to have any relationship with UTIs.
Constructing a Glioblastoma Prognostic Model Related to Fatty Acid Metabolism Using Machine Learning and Identifying F13A1 as a Potential Target
Authors: Liu Yushu , Deng Hui , Song Ping , Zhang Mengxian
Published: January 2025

Background: Increased fatty acid metabolism (FAM) is an important marker of tumor metabolism. However, the characterization and function of FAM-related genes in glioblastoma (GBM) have not been fully explored. Method: In the TCGA-GBM cohort, FAM-related genes were divided into three clusters (C1, C2, and C3), and the DEGs between the clusters and those in the normal group and GBM cohort were considered key genes. On the basis of 10 kinds of machine learning methods, we used 101 combinations of algorithms to construct prognostic models and obtain the best model. In addition, we also validated the model in the GSE43378, GSE83300, CGGA, and REMBRANDT datasets. We also conducted a multifaceted analysis of F13A1, which plays an important role in the best model. Results: C2, with the worst prognosis, may be associated with an immunosuppressive phenotype, which may be related to positive regulation of cell adhesion and lymphocyte-mediated immunity. Using multiple machine learning methods, we identified RSF as the best prognostic model. In the RSF model, F13A1 accounts for the most important contribution. F13A1 can support GBM malignant tumor cells by promoting fatty acid metabolism in GBM macrophages, leading to a poor prognosis for patients. This metabolic reprogramming not only enhances the survival and proliferation of macrophages, but also may promote the growth, invasion, and metastasis of GBM cells by secreting growth factors and cytokines. F13A1 is significantly correlated with immune-related molecules, including IL2RA, which may activate immunity, and IL10, which suggests immune suppression. F13A1 also interferes with immune cell recognition and killing of GBM cells by affecting MHC molecules. Conclusions: The prognostic model developed here helps us to further enhance our understanding of FAM in GBM and provides a compelling avenue for the clinical prediction of patient prognosis and treatment. We also identified F13A1 as a possibly novel tumor marker for GBM which can support GBM malignant tumor cells by promoting fatty acid metabolism in GBM macrophages.
Reply to Foster, T.P.; Schatz, D. Comment on “Lombardo et al. The Impact of Insulin-Induced Lipodystrophy on Glycemic Variability in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes. Children 2022, 9, 1087”
Authors: Lombardo Fortunato , Bombaci Bruno , Alibrandi Angela , Visalli Giulia , Salzano Giuseppina , Passanisi Stefano
Published: January 2025

We appreciate the insightful comment by Foster and Schatz [...]
Beyond Sulfate-Free Personal Cleansing Technology
Authors: Su Evelyn , Herman Stephen
Published: January 2025

There is a strong global demand for sulfate-free personal cleansing products. The objective of sulfate-free personal cleansing technology should not be aimed solely at the absence of “sulfate” wording in the list of ingredients, but on the true benefits both in personal use and in environmental effects. These include but are not limited to safety, mildness, and sensory effect for the individual and renewability, low carbon footprint, low water footprint, biodegradability, and sustainability for the environment. In addition, some surfactants or their precursors contain 1,4-dioxane as a by-product of their manufacturing, which is a major safety concern. This paper will deal with sulfate-free cleansing in two parts. Part I will examine the issues surrounding sulfates. Part II will show the benefits of amino acid-based surfactants for cleansing products, and specifically show why glutamates and alaninates are the best choices for safer and more efficacious cleansing. Several metrics will be included to support these conclusions.
A Sub-6GHz Two-Port Crescent MIMO Array Antenna for 5G Applications
Authors: Ahmed Heba , Ameen Allam M. , Magdy Ahmed , Nasser Ahmed , Abo-Zahhad Mohammed
Published: January 2025

The fifth generation of wireless communication (5G) technology is becoming more innovative with the increasing need for high data rates because of the incremental rapidity of mobile data growth. In 5G systems, enhancing device-to-device communication, ultra-low latency (1 ms), outstanding dependability, significant flexibility, and data throughput (up to 20 Gbps) is considered one of the most essential factors for wireless networks. To meet these objectives, a sub-6 5G wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) array microstrip antenna for 5G Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications on hotspot devices has been proposed in this research. The 1 × 4 MIMO array radiating element antenna with a partial ground proposed in this research complies with the 5G application standard set out by the Federal Communications Commission. The planned antenna configuration consists of a hollow, regular circular stub patch antenna shaped like a crescent with a rectangular defect at the top of the patch. The suggested structure is mounted on an FR-4 substrate with a thickness “h” of 1.6, a permittivity “εr” of 4.4, and a tangential loss of 0.02. The proposed antenna achieves a high radiation gain and offers a frequency spectrum bandwidth of 3.01 GHz to 6.5 GHz, covering two 5G resonant frequencies “fr” of 3.5 and 5.8 GHz as the mid-band, which yields a gain of 7.66 dBi and 7.84 dBi, respectively. MIMO antenna parameters are examined and introduced to assess the system’s performance. Beneficial results are obtained, with the channel capacity loss (CCL) tending to 0.2 bit/s/Hz throughout the operating frequency band, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) yielding 0.02, a mean effective gain (MEG) of less than −6 dB over the operating frequency band, and a total active reflection coefficient (TARC) of less than −10 dB; the radiation efficiency is equal to 71.5%, maintaining impedance matching as well as good mutual coupling among the adjacent parameters. The suggested antenna has been implemented and experimentally tested using the 5G system Open Air Interface (OAI) platform, which operates at sub-6 GHz, yielding −67 dBm for the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), and superior frequency stability, precision, and reproducibility for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and a high level of positivity in the power headroom report (PHR) 5G system performance report, confirming its operational effectiveness in 5G WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) application.
Effect of Freeze-Dried Camel Rennet Extract on Coagulation of Camel–Goat Milk Mixture and Characterization of the Cheese Obtained
Authors: Bouras Biya , Aissaoui-Zitoun Ouarda , Benyahia Férial Aziza , Djema Souhila , Bouras Leila , Zidoune Mohammed Nassereddine , Felfoul Imène
Published: January 2025

This study aims at the use of freeze-dried camel rennet extract (FDCR) in the manufacture of fresh cheeses from a mixture of camel and goat milk in comparison with the microbial coagulating agent (FDMC). Physical properties, chemical composition, microstructure, and sensory analysis of the cheeses were performed. The recommended amount of FDCR for coagulation of camel–goat milk mixture was 0.2 g/L. The cheese obtained was mainly characterized by dry matter 34.99 ± 0.57% and protein content 36.26 ± 1.75%/DM. Texture profile analysis revealed that the obtained cheese was mainly characterized by cohesiveness 0.32 ± 0.01 and springiness 14.25 ± 0.63 mm. The microstructure showed that the obtained cheese had more and wider pores. FTIR was used to monitor the differences in the gross composition of the obtained cheese compared to that coagulated with FDMC. The main difference was the presence of amide I in the cheese coagulated with FDCR. For X-ray diffraction, the results noted that the use of FDCR as a natural extract in the coagulation of camel–goat milk mixture did not lead to the appearance of crystalline structure in the cheese. For sensory evaluation, the panelists preferred the cheese coagulated with FDCR with a score of 9/15.
Analysis of Nutritional Composition and Flavor Patterns by Variety (Porphyra dentata and Porphyra yezoensis) in Dried Laver from Jeonnam, Korea
Authors: Kim Bo-Seop , Im Ju-Hye , Yoon Young-Seung , Kim Hyunggyun , Cho Jeong-Yong , Ham Ju-Ri , Heo Yu-Jin , Lee Hae-In
Published: January 2025

This study analyzed 192 samples of Porphyra dentata (P-dent) and 201 samples of Porphyra yezoensis (P-yezo) from Jeonnam in Korea. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were conducted to establish a nutritional component dataset for laver. The analysis revealed that P-dent had higher moisture and weight but lower protein content than P-yezo. Ca, Mg, and Fe levels were higher in P-dent, while P, Na, and Zn levels were higher in P-yezo. Fatty acids composition analysis indicated that P-dent contained higher levels of linoleic acid, while P-yezo exhibited higher levels of oleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). P-yezo had significantly higher levels of chlorophyll and carotenoids compared to P-dent. Conversely, P-dent exhibited higher L* and b* color values, resulting in a brighter, more yellowish appearance. Sensory analysis indicated that P-yezo was more intense in saltiness and umami, whereas P-dent had higher sourness and sweetness. The principal component analysis (PCA) results showed a clear distinction between P-dent and P-yezo, and 184 correlations among factors (nutrients, characteristics, etc.) were identified. These results contribute to a new database for evaluating the quality of Jeonnam laver.
Effects of IMAZALIL on the Storage Stability and Quality of ‘Sefri Ouled Abdellah’ and ‘Kingdom’ Pomegranate Varieties
Authors: El-Rhouttais Chaimae , El Kettabi Zahra , Laaraj Salah , Ed-Dra Abdelaziz , Fakhour Samir , Abdelillah Ammadi , Elfazazi Kaoutar , Salmaoui Souad
Published: January 2025

Employing post-harvest treatments to maintain pomegranate fruit quality during storage is a prevalent practice within the food industry. IMAZALIL (IMZ), a fungicide, has demonstrated efficacy in reducing both the incidence of chilling injury symptoms and the presence of pathogenic fungi. This study aims to assess the impact of IMZ treatment on the technological quality (weight loss, color attributes (C* and h°), pH, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids), nutritional properties (total sugars content), and functional properties (total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total anthocyanin content (TAC)) in pomegranate fruits of the ‘Sefri Ouled Abdellah’ and ‘Kingdom’ cultivars. These fruits were collected in the Beni Mellal region and immediately stored at 4 °C for 120 days. Untreated pomegranates exhibited significant degradation in overall quality when stored in cold conditions. The fruits treated with IMZ are characterized by a major loss in weight (3.41% to 20.11%) compared to the control fruits (1.62% to 13.19%). This was accompanied by more pronounced color degradation in the IMZ-treated fruits relative to the control. This study substantiates the effectiveness of IMZ treatment in prolonging the post-harvest quality of pomegranates during cold storage, demonstrating superior efficacy in delaying losses in bioactive compounds by 39.44% and enhancing nutritional properties by 18.84%. This finding initiates the exploration of optimal IMZ concentrations and the best treatments to maintain the overall quality of pomegranate fruits.
Lidocaine vs. Mometasone Furoate Around the Pediatric Tracheal Tube Cuff: Hemodynamic Stress Response and Postoperative Airway Complications: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study
Authors: Ölç Ali Ulvi , Yılmaz Mehmet , Saraçoğlu Kemal Tolga , Cıvraz Ayşe Zeynep Turan , Saraçoğlu Ayten , Ratajczyk Paweł
Published: January 2025

Introduction: According to the results of the APRICOT study, airway and respiratory complications constitute 60% of all anesthesia-related complications and may be life-threatening. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lidocaine and mometasone spray on the hemodynamic stress response during tracheal intubation and extubation in children. Our secondary aim was to determine its effect on the incidence of postoperative airway complications. Materials and Methods: Following Ethics Committee approval (No: KIIA 2018/489) and clinical trial registration (No: NCT04085744), patient recruitment was initiated only after obtaining parental consent. Children of ASA I-II aged 0 to 16 years and undergoing elective surgery were included. A total of 91 patients were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group M: Patients treated with a topical corticosteroid 0.05% mometasone furoate spray (n = 30). Group L: Patients sprayed with 10% lidocaine (n = 30). Control group: Patients treated with 0.9% normal saline applied around the cuff (n = 31). The systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures, heart rate, and SpO2 values were recorded before operation, after induction, before and after tracheal intubation, and before and after extubation. Patients were followed up for 24 h postoperatively. Results: A statistically significant decrease was found in the lidocaine group for diastolic and mean arterial pressures measured after tracheal intubation (p = 0.018 and p = 0.027, respectively). There was a significant decrease in heart rate values in Group L after extubation (p = 0.024). Cough was observed in 5 patients in the control group at the postoperative 12th hour, but not in the other groups (p = 0.009). The distribution of sore throat severity, dyspnea, and hoarseness and the incidence of early postoperative bronchospasm, recorded in all follow-up periods, decreased; however, it did not show a statistically significant difference. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study revealed that the topical application of lidocaine and mometasone around the tracheal tube cuff in children not only reduces postoperative cough but also, in the case of lidocaine, suppresses the hemodynamic stress response during both tracheal intubation and extubation.
Study on the Status of Gamete Freezing and Reproductive Health of Korean Adults Aged 19–49 Years
Authors: Song Jiyoung , Lee Eunwon
Published: January 2025

Background: With advances in biomedical technology and social changes, such as a high rate of late marriages, the interest in gamete freezing is increasing. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the status of gamete freezing and reproductive health of adult Koreans aged 19–49 years using data from the 2021 National Family and Fertility survey. Method: The SPSS program was used to analyze the data using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s Exact p-value, and the t-test. Results: Of the 14,040 study subjects, 101 (0.7%) had frozen their gametes. The average age of this group was 38.1 years, 61.4% were women and 38.6% were men. In addition, 83.2% of the group had a university degree or higher, 85.1% lived in urban areas, 94.1% were married, and 66.3% were economically active. The participant-reported incidence of genital infections in this group was 29.7%. The obstetric history revealed that 91.9% of the women considered themselves infertile. Conclusions: The results of this study can be used as basic data for developing educational programs to preserve fertility or developing childbirth-related policies in the future.
Perceptions of a Hospital’s Anesthesia Team Members on Precycling and Recycling of Anesthetic Gases
Authors: Haluza Daniela , Brenn Katharina , Choc Julia , Ortmann Julia , Tschurtschenthaler Rafael , Schindler Lukas
Published: January 2025

Background: Climate change poses significant challenges to global health, At the same time, the healthcare sector itself, with its high resource demands, also contributes substantially to global warming. Anesthesia, particularly through the use of volatile inhalation anesthetics, is a key contributor in this respect. The present exploratory study examines staff perceptions of precycling and recycling strategies aimed at reducing the environmental impact of anesthetic gases at the General Hospital Vienna, Austria. This large institution has recently implemented major changes, including the shutdown of the centralized nitrous oxide supply and the introduction of anesthetic gas recycling systems on anesthesia machines, alongside other precycling measures. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of anesthesia team members (n = 103, 61.2% females) to assess current perceptions related to anesthetic gas usage, focusing on precycling and recycling aspects, and their willingness to engage in further sustainability efforts. Results: We found that participants expressed an, in general, positive attitude towards environmental protection measures and a high willingness to make additional efforts to recycle anesthetics. Thus, the anesthesia team members in our institution may be inclined to support strategies like minimizing the use of volatile anesthetics. Conclusions: These preliminary insights could inform actionable recommendations for advancing sustainable practices in anesthesiology at our hospital.
Patient-Centric Paradigm: A Systems Thinking Approach to Enhance Healthcare
Authors: Adeogun Ashiat , Faezipour Misa
Published: January 2025

Objective: The study aims to investigate the impact of patient-centric approaches on patient health outcomes, identify key leverage points for enhancing patient-centered care, and evaluate the effectiveness of systems thinking in guiding healthcare transformations. Methods and Procedures: The research utilizes system dynamics methodology, combining qualitative and quantitative data with causal loop diagrams and simulation models. Using Vensim software, the study examines dynamic interactions, feedback loops, and the effects of patient-centric interventions. Sensitivity analysis assesses the impact of variables such as access to healthcare improvements, and social determinants of health (SDOH), providing insights into the systemic behaviors of healthcare models. Results: Simulation analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of patient-centric interventions in improving engagement, satisfaction, communication, and health outcomes. Key leverage points, such as enhanced patient–provider communication and addressing SDOH, are critical for driving sustainable improvements. However, declining trends in outcomes over time indicate the need for adaptive strategies to maintain effectiveness. Conclusions: The study emphasizes the importance of maintaining patient centricity in healthcare settings. By leveraging systems thinking and addressing underlying factors such as SDOH, the research provides actionable insights to enhance care delivery and patient outcomes. Despite the limitations of simulated data, the findings contribute to understanding the dynamic interplay between patient-centric strategies and healthcare system performance, advocating for sustained efforts to ensure equitable and effective care.
New Progress in Zebrafish Liver Tumor Models: Techniques and Applications in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Research
Authors: Lin Qizhuan , Jin Libo , Peng Renyi
Published: January 2025

Liver tumors represent a serious clinical health problem that threatens human life. Previous studies have demonstrated that the pathogenesis of liver tumors is complex and influenced by various factors, highlighting limitations in both basic pathological research and clinical treatment. Traditional research methods often begin with the discovery of phenomena and gradually progress to the development of animal models and human trials. Among these, liver tumor animal models play a critical role in advancing related research. The zebrafish liver closely resembles the human liver in structure, function, and regenerative capacity. Additionally, the high transparency and rapid development of zebrafish embryos and larvae make them ideal model organisms for studying liver tumors. This review systematically summarizes recent methods for constructing zebrafish liver tumor models, including transplantation, transgenesis, induction, and gene knockout. Furthermore, the present paper explores the applications of these models in the study of liver cancer pathogenesis, metastasis, the tumor microenvironment, drug screening, and other related areas. By comparing the advantages and limitations of various models and integrating their distinct characteristics, this review provides insights for developing a novel liver tumor model that better aligns with clinical needs. This approach will offer valuable reference information for further in-depth studies of the pathological mechanisms of liver tumors and the development of new therapeutic drugs or strategies.
Domino Synthesis of 1,2,5-Trisubstituted 1H-Indole-3-carboxylic Esters Using a [3+2] Strategy
Authors: Maji Siddhartha , Fobi Kwabena , Ametsetor Ebenezer , Bunce Richard A.
Published: January 2025

A new approach to 1,2,5-trisubstituted 1H-indole-3-carboxylic esters has been developed and studied. The method begins with the preparation of imines from aldehyde and primary amine derivatives. Treatment of these imines with the K2CO3-derived anion from methyl 2-(2-fluoro-5-nitrophenyl)acetate or methyl 2-(5-cyano-2-fluorophenyl)acetate in DMF initiates a [3+2] cyclization by addition of the anion to the imine followed by ring closure of the adduct nitrogen to the activated aromatic moiety via an SNAr process. Twenty-one examples are reported. Temperatures required for the conversion range from 90 to 95 °C for the nitro-activated substrates to 125 to 130 °C for the cyano-activated precursors. Though efficient and atom economical, limitations arise from steric hindrance in the reacting partners. The initial indoline formed is not observed but instead undergoes spontaneous air oxidation to the give the aromatic heterocycle. Imines from nonaromatic aldehydes and amines are also possible, but these give slightly lower yields of 1H-indoles and only react with the nitro-activated substrates. The results are presented with a discussion of the mechanism and the factors important to the success of the reaction.
Enhancement of Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Chicken Breast Protein Through Polyphenol Conjugation: A Novel Ingredient for Protein Supplements
Authors: Son Woo-Young , Hwang Jun , Park Ju-Hyo , Kim Ji-Han , Ahmad Raise , Kim Kyeong-Soo , Kim Hyun-Wook
Published: January 2025

Polyphenol conjugation has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the technological properties and physiological benefits of food proteins. This study investigated the effects of polyphenol conjugation on the technological properties, antioxidant capacity, and in vitro digestibility of chicken breast (CB) proteins. Conjugation with (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) and tannic acid (TA) significantly reduced sulfhydryl content. EGCG conjugates exhibited higher turbidity and greater molecular weight aggregates (>245 kDa). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed alterations in protein secondary structures, with shifts in amide I and II bands. Polyphenol conjugation significantly enhanced the water-holding capacity of chicken muscle proteins, particularly for CB-TA (3.29 g/g) and CB-EGCG (3.13 g/g) compared to the control (2.25 g/g). The emulsion stability index improved notably in CB-EGCG (96.23 min) and CB-TA (87.24 min) compared to the control (69.05 min). Color analysis revealed darker and more intense hues for CB-EGCG, while CB-TA maintained a lighter appearance, making it potentially preferable for industrial applications requiring neutral-colored powders. Moreover, polyphenol conjugation could enhance antioxidant capacity, particularly in conjugates with EGCG (p < 0.05). In vitro protein digestibility remained comparable across treatments (p > 0.05). Our findings could indicate the potential of chicken muscle protein–polyphenol conjugates as innovative ingredients for high-quality protein supplements.
Diversity of Cyanobacterial Genera Present in Cabo Verde Marine Environments and the Description of Gibliniella gelatinosa sp. nov
Authors: Morais João , Cruz Pedro , Hentschke Guilherme Scotta , Silva Bruna , Oliveira Flavio , Neves Jorge , Silva Raquel , Ramos Vitor , Leão Pedro N. , Vasconcelos Vitor M.
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to document the biodiversity of cyanobacteria genera isolated from intertidal and subtidal zones in Cabo Verde. The identification of the strains was conducted using a polyphasic study, comprising 16S rRNA gene maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogeny, 16S rRNA identity (p-distance), 16S–23S ITS secondary structure, morphological, and habitat analyses. A total of 51 strains were isolated by micromanipulation and by streaking biomass onto Petri dishes with a solid medium. Seventeen strains were identified as belonging to the Salileptolyngbya genus and five to Leptothoe; sixteen strains were distributed across twelve genera. Thirteen strains were grouped into eight distinct clades, but could not be assigned to any cyanobacterial genus, indicating that they could be described as new cyanobacterial genera in the future. The phylogenies also exhibited isolates LEGE 181157, LEGE 181224, and LEGE 181227 clustered with Gibliniella, but in a separate clade from the G. alaskensis type. The 16S rRNA gene identity values among these new isolates and G. alaskensis ranged from 94.4% to 95.5%. The 16S–23S ITS dissimilarity between LEGE 181224 and G. alaskensis was 9.4%. Morphologically, these three LEGE strains differ from G. alaskensis in that they have trichomes that are never coiled and have diffluent mucilaginous envelopes, whereas G. alaskensis has coiled trichomes with firm sheaths. Based on these strains, we describe here a new species of Gibliniella.
Impacts of Human Activity and Climate Change on the Suitable Habitats for Xanthium spinosum in China
Authors: Liu Yabin , Li Yuyu , Wang Rui , Guo Lizhu , Ji Yu , Chen Yihao , Hao Lifen , Lin Kejian
Published: January 2025

Xanthium spinosum (X. spinosum) is a highly invasive weed native to South America and distributed in 17 provinces (municipalities) of China. It has severely negative influences on ecosystems, agriculture, and husbandry. However, few studies have reported on the impact of human activity and climate change on the future distribution and centroid shift of X. spinosum. This study aimed to investigate the potential geological distribution of X. spinosum in China, as well as the distribution pattern, centroid shift, and key environmental factors influencing its distribution, under four future climate scenarios (SSP1-26, SSP2-45, SSP3-70, and SSP5-85) based on the biomod2-integrated model. The results indicated that the suitable habitats for X. spinosum would expand in the future, mainly in Inner Mongolia, Northeast China, and the plateau regions (e.g., Xinjiang and Xizang). Under future climate scenarios, the centroid would shift toward the northwest or northeast part of China, with the SSP2-45-2050s scenario showing the maximum shift distance (161.990 km). Additionally, the key environmental variables influencing the distribution of X. spinosum, including human impact index, bio5, bio7, and bio12, were determined, revealing that most of them were related to human activities, temperature, and precipitation. This study enhances the understanding of the influence of human activity and climate change on the geographic range of X. spinosum. It provides references for early warning and management in the control of X. spinosum.
A Time–Frequency Energy Squeeze Method Based on Estimating the Chip Rate of DSSS Signals
Authors: Zhao Hang , Sun Feng-Yuan , Cai Yuan , Liu Wei-Kun
Published: January 2025

Chip rate estimation for direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signals plays a crucial role in signal detection and interference identification in non-cooperative wireless communication systems. However, accurate chip rate estimation is difficult in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments due to the influence of noise and channel fading. To address this problem, an improved chip rate estimation method, based on a time-reassigned multisynchrosqueezing transform energy squeeze, for DSSS signals is proposed for low SNR conditions. In this method, we explain how to choose an appropriate wavelet function and concentrate the wavelet coefficients on the energy ridge by reordering time details. This enhances the time resolution of the signal energy, reduces noise interference, and improves the accuracy of chip rate estimation for DSSS signals. To validate the proposed method, we compared the effects of different information code lengths, spread spectrum code lengths, spread spectrum code sequences, and modulation schemes on chip rate estimation performance with traditional methods. Additionally, we applied the method to real DSSS signal data to demonstrate its feasibility. Simulation examples and measurements demonstrate the reliability of the proposed method in low SNR environments.
Acoustic Emission in Bone Biomechanics: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanical Properties and Predictive Damage Modeling
Authors: García-Vilana Silvia , Sánchez-Molina David , Abdi Hamed
Published: January 2025

This review investigates the application of acoustic emission (AE) techniques in analyzing the mechanical properties and damage prediction of human bone. AE is a non-invasive and non-destructive evaluation method that captures the elastic waves released during microstructural deformations under stress, providing critical insights into bone behavior and failure mechanisms. By analyzing 57 studies, this review synthesizes findings on AE signal characteristics, experimental configurations, and their correlations with bone’s mechanical parameters such as yield strength, elastic modulus, and micro-damage evolution. This article highlights AE’s potential in early damage detection, differentiation of failure modes, and predictive modeling using stochastic and percolation theories. These models facilitate the prediction of fracture risk and mechanical failure without inducing irreversible damage. This review addresses the strengths and limitations of AE techniques and outlines future directions in biomechanical research.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AGE, ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND ENGLISH PROFICIENCY WITH EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Fa'izah Bella Nadia , Harun Hasniatisari , Sari Eka Afirma , Nursiswati Nursiswati , Kurniawan Titis
Published: January 2025

Evidence-based practice (EBP) merupakan salah satu kompetensi yang diperlukan oleh perawat dalam menerapkan asuhan keperawatan. Meskipun demikian, suatu studi menemukan bahwa perawat memiliki tingkat pengetahuan dan praktik EBP yang rendah. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengetahuan EBP mahasiswa keperawatan dapat menjadi salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan kompetensi EBP mahasiswa keperawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara usia, kemampuan akademik dan bahasa Inggris dengan pengetahuan terkait evidence-based practice pada mahasiswa program profesi ners. Penelitian kuantitatif korelasional ini dilakukan di salah satu universitas di Jawa Barat dengan menggunakan total sampling sebanyak 106 partisipan. Responden diberikan kuesioner EBPQ untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan EBP. Data dianalisis secara univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan nilai α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa program profesi ners memiliki pengetahuan EBP yang baik. Usia, IPK sarjana, IPK program profesi ners, dan kemampuan bahasa Inggris tidak memiliki hubungan dengan pengetahuan EBP, sedangkan nilai pada mata kuliah keperawatan medikal bedah memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan pengetahuan EBP pada program profesi ners dengan nilai p (0,024) > 0,05. Dari penelitian ini, kami menemukan bahwa partisipan dalam penelitian ini masih memiliki pemahaman yang kurang terkait konsep evidence-based practice. Dengan demikian, fakultas keperawatan dapat menyelenggarakan program pelatihan EBP komprehensif bagi mahasiswa keperawatan dalam mata kuliah keperawatan medikal bedah.
Supplying the Army of Mehmed the Conqueror. A Comparison between the Asian Campaign of 1473 and the Moldavian Campaign of 1476
Authors: Mirea Andrei
Published: January 2025

Since the first detailed administrative sources on the provisioning operations of the Ottoman army date back to the sixteenth century, the reconstruction of the circumstances, the mechanisms, and the strategies of the Ottoman supply machinery in the age of Mehmed the Conqueror is particularly difficult to undertake, because it requires reading, comparing, and contextualizing sources from diverse cultural backgrounds. The present survey puts forward a comparative case study of the Ottoman supply experiences during two important campaigns of the sultan Mehmed II, the one against Uzun Hasan in 1473 and the one against Stephen the Great in 1476.Keywords: Mehmed the Conqueror, Uzun Hasan, Stephen the Great, supply trains, supply lines, local provisioning.
Choreas ducere : dire l’acte de danser en groupe au Moyen Âge
Authors: Belgrano Adrien
Published: January 2025

Le vocabulaire médiéval de la danse, n’étant pas unifié sous une catégorie générique que nous nommons aujourd’hui la «danse », est composé d’une série de termes fonctionnant en système. Au sein de la version latine de ce système, le couple de mots chorus / chorea possède deux particularités : il désigne la danse de groupe et ne dérive pas d’un verbe. Aussi, le latin classique doit-il recourir à la construction choros / choreas ducere pour désigner l’action correspondante, à savoir danser en groupe. Cet article tente d'en faire l’histoire à grands traits, de ses origines à son déclin à la fin du  Moyen Âge. Il s’efforce aussi d’en dégager le sens, ambigu, d’expliquer les différences d’utilisation entre chorus et chorea mais également de prendre en considération les autres tentatives d’exprimer l’action de danser en groupe. Une attention particulière sera notamment accordée au verbe chorizare , apparu durant le Moyen Âge central, à une époque où les textes en langue romane voient le développement parallèle de la carole .
Towards Investigating the Representation of Gandhāran Female Donors
Authors: Lakshminarayanan Ashwini
Published: January 2025

ガンダーラは、こんにちのパキスタン北西部とアフガニスタン北東部にまたがる地 域で、そこで栄えた仏教は、紀元前１世紀から後７世紀ごろの衰退期に至るまで、俗 人からも僧侶からも喜捨を受け、支持されてきた。それが発展していた時期に、い くつかの仏教遺跡が、富豪の施主、とくに Apracarāja 家や Oḍirāja 家の支援を 得て建設されていた。これらの施主たちは、地方の豪族で、彼らによる奉納を記す 碑文がガンダーリー語で残されており、また彼らの姿が石像に刻まれている。本論 は、それらの中で、とくに女性の奉納者が碑文と図像でどのように表わされるかに ついて検討する。碑文で記された奉納者の名前と、石に刻まれた図像の間に、明確 な対応関係を示すようなものは何もない。本論では、これらの表象から、それぞれ の史料の種類によって何が導き出されるか、研究のはじめの一歩を踏み出すことを 試みる。碑文では、奉納者を個人として特定し、儀礼世界における彼女たちの社会 的な関係が明らかにされるが、結晶片岩に刻まれた彼女たちの像では、独自の伝 統的な視覚的手法で、一般化された女性奉納者の姿が表現されている。このように

して、彼女たちの存在が歴史に根を下ろしているのである。
РЕЦЕНЗИЯ НА ДОКУМЕНТ «ГОСУДАРСТВО КАК ПЛАТФОРМА»
Authors: А.В. Самарин
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматривается документ «Государство как платформа». При рецензировании используется системный подход, в силу того, что государство - это сложная система. Различные заинтересованные лица, группы людей и организации «видят» сложную систему различным образом. И, соответственно, ждут от нее разного. Системный подход предполагает, что части чего-то сложного лучше понимаются в отношениях и связях друг с другом. Поэтому, государство, в данном случае, сложная цифровая система, представляется с разных точек зрения - в виде различных моделей и отношений между моделями. Системный подход обеспечивает целостное восприятие: рассматривая систему с какой-то одной точки зрения, мы можем мысленно дополнить ее до целого теми частями и связями, которые мы в данный момент не наблюдаем. Это дает преимущество. Понятно, что любая взятая отдельно точка зрения ущербна.

This article is a review of a document «Government as a platform». A systems approach has been used for this review, because any government is a complex system. Different stakeholders “see” a complex system differently and have different expectations. Therefore, a modern government as a complex digital system is described from a few various points of view. This allows us to construct an integral and coherent understanding of a government as the whole via a set of views, while each view is rather limited.
ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ КАК СМЕРТНЫЙ ГРЕХ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСТВА
Authors: А.Н. Козырев , Елизавета Вершинина
Published: January 2025

Развитие искусственного интеллекта сопровождается широким освещением успехов по каналам СМИ. Информационные сообщения подпитывают ожидания на скорое появление сверхмощного искусственного интеллекта. Детальный анализ показывает, что эти ожидания являются завышенными, а связанные с ними страхи едва ли реализуются в ближайшем будущем. Скорее, стоит опасаться косвенного влияния искусственного интеллекта на разрушение отрицательных обратных связей, которые поддерживают человеческое общество. Конкретные примеры таких нарушений указаны Конрадом Лоренцом, к которому и отсылает название данной статьи .

Success stories from mass-media accompany the development of artificial intelligence. Messages fuel the expectations about rapid creation of superpowerful artificial intelligence. A detailed analysis reveals these expectations to be overstated, and the associated fears are unlikely to realize in the near future. Rather, it is worthwhile to fear the indirect influence of artificial intelligence on the destruction of negative feedback that supports human society. Konrad Lorenz listed the specific examples of such violations and the title of this article refers to his work.
СУПЕРКОМПЬЮТЕРЫ - ГОНКА ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
Authors: А.А. Кононенко
Published: January 2025

Обзор посвящен актуальной на данный момент теме. Стремительное развитие технологий высокопроизводительных вычислений (HPC) напоминает известную фразу музыканта-виртуоза Ференца Листа, написанную им на полях партитуры: «быстрее, еще быстрее, быстро как только возможно… и еще быстрее». Нормативы производительности для суперкомпьютера менялись неоднократно. В 70-е суперкомпьютеры выполняли сотни миллионов операций в секунду над числами с плавающей точкой (flops, флопс). В середине 80-x был достигнут максимум в 1 гигафлопс, в конце 90-x - 1 терафлопс, а во второй половине 2000-x - 1 петафлопс. Недавно введен в эксплуатацию компьютер с пиковой производительностью в 188 петафлопс. К первой половине 2020- x несколько стран анонсировали выпуск проектов суперЭВМ нового поколения с 1 экзафлопс, а в Китае уже выпущены первые прототипы. Планка поднята очень высоко, но гонка вычислительных технологий продолжается! .

The world, as is known, develops in a spiral. And logically, we are waiting for the stage of concentration ofinformation resources in the near future. The centers of the expected concentration are large data centers or data centers of a new generation. We analyze the main trends and some aspects of this topic in this essay.
ОТЗЫВ НА КНИГУА. Прохоров, Л. Коник ЦИФРОВАЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ.АНАЛИЗ, ТРЕНДЫ, МИРОВОЙ ОПЫТ
Authors: Э.М. Пройдаков
Published: January 2025

The book discusses the technologies on which the digital economy is based. The material is addressed to those who want to understand the main directions of digital transformation at the level of conceptual concepts, to trace how new digital technologies are changing business at the level of countries, individual industries and companies.
ТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ МОДЕЛИ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ «ДАЛЬНЕГО ЧТЕНИЯ»
Authors: М.А. Милкова
Published: January 2025

Статья представляет собой обзор подходов к тематическому моделированию - современному направлению исследования больших текстовых коллекций. В настоящее время сверхвысокие темпы накопления информации приводят к тому, что при изучении той или иной темы пользователю становится все труднее разобраться в исследуемом предмете. Таким образом, актуальным вопросом является смысловая компрессия информации - своего рода «дальнее чтение» - необходимое условие получения знаний в условиях стремительного разрастания доступного объема информации. «Дальнее чтение» может быть реализовано с помощью тематического моделирования -направления, находящегося на стыке компьютерной лингвистики и машинного обучения и призванного определять структуру коллекции текстовых документов путем выявления скрытых тем в документах, а также термов (слов или словосочетаний), характеризующих каждую из тем.

The paper presents key terms extraction from the government documents issued in the period of 20132018 and linked to the Digital economy direction. One of the key interests of the analysis of government documents is to study them as primary source of digital economy terminology. The paper provides a brief review of the main approaches to key terms extraction and gives detailed description of one of the graph-based methods - a TextRank algorithm. The TextRank algorithm was tested on 13 government documents. The results of documents analysis are presented as weighted graphs of semantic links between keywords. Based on these words the lists of key terms are created for each document.
ЦИФРОВОЕ СОБЫТИЙНОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ
Authors: Е. Д. Соложенцев
Published: January 2025

Работа формирует основы нового прорывного научного направления в управлении безопасностью и качеством структурно-сложных систем в экономике: предложены новые объекты и критерии управления, введены новые знания, предложены новые задачи в управлении, описаны специальные Software, изложены суть цифрового управления и содержание курса дополнительного образования экономистов и преподавателей.

The work forms the basis of a breakthrough scientific direction in the management of safety and quality of structurally complex systems in economics: new objects and management criteria are proposed, new knowledge is introduced, new tasks in management is proposed, special Software is described, the essence of digital management and the course of additional education of economists and teachers are outlined.